IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR PUNCTURING OR PERFORATING MATERIALS FOR USE AS STENCILS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Frederick Heinrichs, of 25, Guildford Street,
Russell Square, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR PUNCTURING OR PERFORATING
MATERIALS FOR USE AS STENCILS."
Sealed the 29th August 1879, and dated the 11th June 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Frederick Heinrichs
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th June 1879.
CHARLES FREDERICK HEINRICHS, of 25, Guildford Street, Russell Square, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR
PUNCTURING OR PERFORATING MATERIALS FOR USE AS STENCILS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in the arrangement of that kind of
apparatus used by embroiderers, designers, draughtsmen, and others for multiplying
designs, drawings, and writings, in which a reciprocating puncturing or pricking
stylus, needle, or part is employed to perforate the material in which the stencil is to be
formed, and consists in simplifying the apparatus and so arranging the parts forming
the same that a better balance and less "lopsidedness" of the apparatus or instru-
ment than exists in some arrangements is obtained, whereby it becomes more
convenient to use, and less fatiguing to the operator, and at the same time its use is
more readily acquired by those hitherto unaccustomed to the working of such
apparatus, whilst I am enabled to arrange it so as to be actuated by compressed air,
gas, vapour, electricity, or other known convenient or suitable equivalent means,
according to the arrangement employed or adopted for that purpose.
In carrying out my Invention 1 arrange the same so as to be easily portable, and
in the case where compressed air, gas, or vapour is employed I cause the ordinary
puncturing or perforating stylus or part to be actuated by a wheel or wheels, and
eccentric or eccentrics, or other suitable equivalent, which wheel or wheels is or are
caused to revolve by a blast or blasts of air, gas, or' vapour obtained by means of
bellows or other suitable compressor applied directly by a small nozzle or nozzles so
as to strike against it or them, which nozzle or nozzles is, are, or may be enclosed
by the hood partially surrounding the periphery of the wheel or wheels, and the
said nozzle or nozzles has or have the air, gas, or vapour conveyed thereto by means
of suitable flexible tubes or tubing in connexion with the source of supply.

page_text: When electricity is employed as the motive power I actuate the reciprocating
puncturing or perforating stylus or part by means of electro magnets and armatures,
in one arrangement fixing the stylus to the armature which revolves in the centre
of the magnets, and in its revolutions receives the reciprocating puncturing or
perforating motion by means of projections or parts passing over a surface with 5
alternate elevations and depressions which cause the same to rise and fall during
rotation, and the contact breaker is placed over the centre of the stylus, and so
arranged that the before mentioned rise and fall make and break contact.
In this arrangement I make the flywheel or rotating part to rotate horizontally
and cause the puncturing or perforating stylus or part to rotate at the same time 1
that it rises and falls vertically, being lifted by travelling up the elevations, and
depressed by falling from them, assisted by the pull of the electro magnets. The
electricity is constructed from the battery to the apparatus or instrument by means
of suitable insulated wire or connexions.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Charles Frederick Heinrichs in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th
December 1879.
CHARLES FREDERICK HEINRICHS, of 25, Guildford Street, Russell Square, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR
PUNCTURING OR PERFORATING MATERIALS FOR USE AS STENCILS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in the arrangement of that kind
of apparatus used by embroiderers, designers, draughtsmen, and others for multi-
plying designs, drawings, and writings in which a reciprocating puncturing or
pricking stylus, needle, or part is employed to perforate the material in which the
stencil is to be formed, and consists in simplifying the apparatus, and so arranging
the parts forming the same that a better balance and less "lopsidedness" of the
apparatus or instrument than exists in some arrangements is obtained, whereby it
becomes more convenient to use, and less fatiguing to the operator, and at the same
time its use is more readily acquired by those hitherto unaccustomed to the
working of such apparatus, whilst I am enabled to arrange it so as to be actuated
by compressed air, gas, vapour, electricity, or other known convenient or suitable
equivalent means, according to the arrangements employed or adopted for the
purpose.
In carrying out my Invention I arrange the same so as to be easily portable,
and in the case where compressed air, gas, or vapour is employed I cause the
ordinary puncturing or perforating stylus or part to be actuated by a wheel or
wheels, and eccentric or eccentrics, or other suitable equivalent, which wheel or
wheels is or are caused to revolve by a blast or blasts of air, gas, or vapour, obtained
by means of bellows or other suitable compressor, applied directly by a sinall
nozzle or nozzles so as to strike against it or them, which nozzle or nozzles is, are,
or may be enclosed by the hood partially surrounding the periphery of the wheel
or wheels, and the said nozzle or nozzles has or have the air, gas, or vapour conveyed
thereto by means of suitable flexible tubes or tubing in connexion with the source
of supply.
When electricity is employed as the motive power I actuate the reciprocating
puncturing or perforating stylus or part by means of electro magnets and arma-
tures, in one arrangement fixing the stylus or part to the armature which revolves
in the centre of the magnets, and in its revolutions receives the reciprocating
puncturing or perforating motion by means of projections or parts passing over a
surface with alternate elevations and depressions which cause the same to rise and
fall during rotation, and the contact breaker is placed over the contre of the
stylus, and so arranged that the before mentioned rise and fall make and break
contact.
In this arrangement I make the flywheel or rotating part to rotate horizontally
and cause the puncturing or perforating stylus or part to rotate at the same time
that it rises and falls vertically, being lifted by travelling up the elevations, and
depressed by falling from them, assisted by the pull of the electro magnets. The
electricty is conducted from the battery to the apparatus or instrument by means of
suitable insulated wires or connexions.
In Sheet 1 Figure 1 shews in front elevation, and Figure 2 in plan, an arrange-
ment of my Invention hereinbefore described, in which the wheel w rotates
horizontally, and air or gas is or are used as the actuating power, and in which
bellows or other suitable means are or may be employed for compressing or applying
the same, the compressed air or gas being led through the small nozzle or jet n and
caused to act on the floats, indentations or recesses f on the exterior periphery of
the wheel w which is mounted on a spindle supported on bearings and turns with
the same and so cause it to rotate, the nozzle being placed to suit this arrangement,
as will be seen on reference to the diagrams. In order to give a reciprocating

page_text: movement to the stylus & in the tube t a single or double inclined groove, plane or
surface are or may be employed as shewn, and a double fork or half fork may be
formed on or attached or connected to the stylus so as to be acted on by the
groove or grooves, or inclined surface or surfaces, so as to cause the necessary
reciprocations.
A hood has herein before described encloses the nozzle n and partially the wheel
w for the purpose of concentrating and continuing the action of the air or gas on
the floats, indentations or recesses f on the wheel w. The inlet of the compressed
air or gas to the nozzle or jet n from the compressing apparatus and flexible tubing
is shewn at a.
The Figures 1 and 3 shew in elevation the employment of inclined surfaces for
producing the reciprocating action of the stylus by the rotation of the wheel on
small friction rollers, wheels, or pulleys working on the surfaces, both wheel and
stylus being connected and rising and falling together, the adjusting screw on the
bridge or cross piece on the top being provided with a spring or its equivalent to
allow of the required action taking place, one arrangement of which is shown in
Figure 6, Sheet 2 of the Diagrams. Figure 4 is a plan of Figure 3.
Figure 5 shews in front view, Figure 6 in end view, Figure 7 in back view, and
Figure 8 in plan another arrangement of my Invention in which air or gas is used
as the motive power as herein before described, the wheel rotating vertically and
mounted on a spindle rotating with it and working on adjustable bearings or centres
carried on the framework, on which spindle an eccentric e is fixed, and the eccentric
in its rotation by means of a suitable connexion causes the stylus to reciprocate.
This eccentric e works in a fork or part formed on or connected with the stylus,
which is provided with a projection or tail piece p working in a guide g to restrain
its movements to vertical reciprocations. The hood h is placed as shewn, and the
form of the nozzle or jet n is shewn enlarged in Figure 9 in the Diagrams.
The tube t in which the stylus & works and is attached to or connected with the
framework or part carrying the rotating wheel and actuating parts by an adjustable
attachment which may be as shewn.
Figure 10 shews an enlarged view of my arrangement of the point of the tube t
to be used with portable perforating apparatus which is formed with a lip or turned
back part or portion o in order that the point of the stylus & may be seen whilst
using the apparatus, which will be found of great utility in making tracings of
designs or drawings, or perforating material on which the design has been already
marked. This arrangement may be used with any portable perforating apparatus,
with a reciprocating stylus however actuated.
In Sheet 2 of the Diagrams are shewn some of my arrangements for actuating
the stylus by electricity as hereinbefore described.
Figure 1 shews in side elevation, Figure 2 in end view, and Figure 3 in plan an
arrangement in which a rotating armature a, a, attached to the stylus & is employed,
both rotating together, the reciprocating movement being given to the stylus & and
the armature a, a, by means of a single or double inclined plane or surface c, as
herein before described and shewn in Figure 1 (suitable friction wheels, rollers, or
pulleys p, p, being provided to facilitate the action), whereby the armature is caused
to rise and fall with the stylus whilst rotating, assisted by the pull of the magnets,
and make and break contact at the contact point o.
The current enters at the positive terminal t' which is in metallic connexion
with the contact screw n in the raised position of the armature a, a, and when both
contact points o are in connexion, and the current enters, the centre part of the
apparatus passes to the electro magnet m' over m³ to the insulated terminal t³
to the electric source. The magnet will then attract the armature, pulling it
forcibly down the incline, thereby causing the stylus to perforate the material
and at the same time to break contact; the armature in its rotation rises again
and the operation above described is repeated so long as the current is allowed to
pass.
The bridge b in Figures 1 and 2 on which the contact point and adjustable screw

page_text: and spring n, o, are placed is made with a hinge or otherwise conveniently formed
to allow of its being raised or removed when it is required to remove the armature
and stylus, or when the stylus has to be sharpened.
Figure 4 shews the armature a, a, and stylus & removed, and p, p, the friction
wheels, rollers, or pulleys; and Figure 5 is a plan of the top of the armature.
Figure 6 shews in section the contact point o with the spring controlling the same,
the adjustable screw n and the locking screw q for keeping the whole in place on
the bridge b.
Figure 7 shews in front elevation, Figure 8 in end view, and Figure 9 in plan
another arrangement of Figure 1 in which the magnets m' and m² are enclosed in
metal cases ff, to which the bridge piece b is attached so as to allow of the easy
removal of the same.
Figure 10 shews in elevation a modification of Figures 1 and 7 in which the
reciprocations of the stylus 8 are produced by the action of two sets of inclined
surfaces, one below the revolving armature, and the other attached to or formed on
the upper part of the same, friction wheels, rollers, or pulleys being provided as
shewn, and the magnets enclosed in metal cylinders as shewn in the diagram, and
also in Figure 7.
Figure 11 shews in elevation another arrangement in which the rotating armature
does not reciprocate but revolves with the spindle on which double inclines or
grooves are formed, into which a fork or half fork on or attached to the stylus is
geared by a pin or projection, or two of the same, as shewn, and so enable the
required reciprocations to be obtained. Figure 12 is a plan of the same with the
armature and bridge removed. Similar letters of reference denote like parts in all
the before described Figures.
Figures 13 and 14 shew in elevation and plan an arrangement in which the
electro magnets revolve and the armature is stationary, motion being given to the
stylus as in Figure 11.
The insulated and other wires for conducting the electric current to, through, and
out of the apparatus are shewn in the Diagrams by the fine black lines.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention of "Improvements in
Apparatus and Arrangements for Puncturing or Perforating Materials for Use as
Stencils," and the manner in which the same is to or may be performed or carried
into practical effect, I desire to state that I do not limit or confine myself to the
precise details hereinbefore specified and illustrated in the accompanying two Sheets
of Diagrams, as the same may be modified without departing from the nature of
my said Invention, nor do I claim as of my Invention the use of apparatus with a
reciprocating stylus for puncturing or perforating, as this is not novel, nor do I
claim the use of compressed air or gas, or electro magnetic or other electricity for
actuating such apparatus, as these have been used before, nor do I claim any of the
parts individually as new, except when combined together, acting in the manner,
and applied to the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompany-
ing Diagrams, but what I claim as of my Invention, and desire to have protected
by Letters Patent is,-
First. The nozzle and hood to be used where compressed air or gas is or are used
as the actuating power, as hereinbefore described and specified, and shewn in
Figures 1 to 8, Sheet 1 of the Diagrams.
Second. The use of one or two sets of inclined surfaces and friction rollers, wheels,
or pulleys for producing the reciprocation of the stylus, as shewn in Figure 1,
Sheet 1, and Figs. 1, 7, and 10, Sheet 2.
Third. The combination of an eccentric guide and pin, as shewn in Figures 5,
6, 7, & 8, Sheet 1 of the Diagrams, so arranged as to guide the stylus with the least
friction.
Fourth. The application of double inclined grooves shewn in Figure 3, Sheet 1,
and Figures 11 & 13, Sheet 2, in the manner and for the purposes herein before
described and specified.

page_text: Fifth. In apparatus in which electricity is employed as the actuaing power, shewn
in Sheet 2 of the Diagrams, the combination of one or more sets of inclined surfaces
and the contact point o centrally placed to the armature, substantially in the manner
and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Sixth. The several combinations shewn in all the Figures of the Diagrams, sub-
stantially as in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described, and as
illustrated in the Diagrams.
Seventh. The application or formation of a lip or projection to or on the end of
the tube or part in which the stylus reciprocates in the manner and for the purposes
herein before described and specified, and as illustrated in Figure 10, Sheet 1 of the
Diagrams.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Frederick Heinrichs, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.