Improvements in or applicable to Steam Boiler or other Furnaces.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Apr., 1896
1002
A
4007
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or applicable to Steam Boiler or other Furnaces.
1 THOMAS HINESON of 3 Rutland Street, Ashton-under-Lyne Lancashire
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My said invention relates to improvements in or applicable to steam boiler or
other furnaces which burn coal, coke or other solid fuels in a fragmentary
condition.
According to my said invention I place at the front of the furnace a hopper or
receptacle to which the fuel may be supplied by hand labour or by means of a
specially devised conveying apparatus from the fuel store.
The hopper is provided with a door for closing the outlet when required.
The fuel descends by gravity through the hopper into a feed shoot or coking box
inside the front part of the furnace in such a manner as to become heated and in
the case of coal partly coked before reaching the fire bars.
In some forms of my said invention the bottom of the said feed shoot is perforated
to allow the passage of hot air and gasses through the fuel. For removing fuel from
the said feed shoot I use one or more scrapers sliding under the fuel in the feed
shoot and operated by 'a reciprocating bar deriving motion from a crank excentric
or other similar suitable device. When the said scrapers are drawn back the
weight of the superincumbent fuel in the hopper prevents the retreat of the
fuel but when pushed forward a portion of the fuel is discharged on to the fire
bars.
The fire bars are preferably arranged so as to be higher along the centre of the.
furnace than at the sides, towards which the fuel bearing surfaces of the bars
slope in easy curves or inclines. I also prefer to curve or incline the fire bars
down-wards from the end of the feed shoot towards the rear of the furnace in
order to facilitate the progress of the fuel to the back of the furnace while being
burnt. A similar curve or incline extends from the feed shoot towards the front of
the furnace in order that fuel may descend under the feed shoot.
Each fire bar receives an oscillating or reciprocating motion in the direction of
the length of the boiler. This oscillating or reciprocating motion is obtained by
a multiple throw crank or cranks having as many journals or acting portions as
there are fire bars which move quite independently of each other. The journals or
acting parts of the crank or cranks engage with slots in the fire bars and thereby
impart a to and fro motion to the latter as the crank or cranks revolve.
The distribution of the journals or acting parts of the crank about its centre
of rotation is so arranged as that all the fire bars have not simultaneously the
same phase of their respective oscillations consequently during any given short
interval of time some of the bars are advancing some are retreating while others
are practically stationary owing to the journals of the crank which operate the
latter being at their dead centres.
I prefer to so arrange the motions of the bars that no two contiguous bars have
just the same phase.
Owing to the differential motion of the fire bars thus produced the fuel is
continually agitated during its combustion and gradually progresses to the rear end
of the furnace where it is discharged from the bars.
Dated this 13th day of April 1896.
THOMAS HINESON.

page_text: Improvements in or applicable to Steam Boller or other Furnaces.
THOMAS HINESON of 3 Rutland Street, Ashton-under-Lyne in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My said invention relates to improvements in or applicable to steam boiler
and other furnaces which burn coal coke or other solid fuels in a fragmentary
condition.
In order that my said invention may be more clearly understood I will describe
the same with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a two flued Lancashire boiler showing the invention
applied to each furnace.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through one of the boiler, furnaces.
Fig. 3 is a sectional plan of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a section through a- of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a section through y-y of Fig. 6 to be hereinafter described.
Fig. 6 is a plan of Fig. 5.
Figs. 7 and 8 are side elevation and plan respectively of the sliding scraper to
be hereinafter described.
Fig. 9 illustrates detail to be hereinafter referred to
At the front of the furnace a 1 place a hopper b to which the fuel may be supplied
by hand labour or by. means. of a specially devised conveying apparatus from, the
fuel store. The said hopper b is provided with a door hinged at 6' to the
brackets 6 for closing the outlet when required. Secured to the shaft 63 is a
projection which comes in contact with the door of the hopper and closes
same when the shaft 63 is rotated by means of the handle b (see Fig. 1) mounted
thereon.
The fuel descends by gravity through the. hopper into a feed shoot or
coking box c inside the front part of the furnace where it is subject to
the heat of the furnace in such a manner as to become heated and in
the case of coal partly coked before reaching the fire bars. The said feed
shoot c is provided with an air chamber c³ (Figs. 2 and 5). into which air or
if desired air and steam is admitted at 3 and passes through perforations c¹ in
the bottom or sides of the detachable feed shoot. In some cases the bottom of the
chamber may be left away when hot air from the front of the furnace may be
passed through the perforations to the fuel in the feed shoot. For removing the
fuel from the said feed shoot c I provide one or more scrapers d sliding under
the fuel in the feed shoot. The said scraper d connected at d¹ to the arm e on the
shaft is operated by the reciprocating bar g connected at g' to the arm e¹ and
deriving motion from a crank eccentric or other like device placed at any
convenient position over the hopper. When the said scraper d is drawn back the
weight of the superincumbent fuel in the hopper 6 prevents the retreat of the fuel
but when pushed forward a portion of the fuel is discharged on to the fire bars 1.
The feed shoot and scraper are so constructed as to be easily removable. For this
purpose the arm e has a pin e' (Fig. 9) taking into a slot in the connecting piece d'
which is hinged to the scraper d. By simply turning up the connecting piece d¹ it
is disconnected from the arm e. The door 6 is then lifted when the feed shoot c
and the scraper d may be withdrawn. The furnace may then be fired by hand or
the fuel may be "banked up" in the usual way for a temporary stoppage without
burning away the feed shoot.
b
The fire bars are preferably arranged so as to be higher along the centre of
the furnace than at the sides towards which the fuel bearing surfaces of the bars

page_text: slope in easy curves or inclines as shown at Fig. 4. In order to facilitate the
progress of the fuel to the back of the furnace while being burnt the fire bars are
curved or inclined downwards from the end of the feed shoot c towards the rear
of the furnace. A similar curve or incline extends from the feed shoot c towards
the front of the furnace.
Each fire bar receives an oscillating or reciprocating motion in the direction
of the length of the boiler. This oscillating or reciprocating motion is obtained
from a multiple throw crank k rotating in adjustable bearings k bolted or other-
wise secured to the lower part of the hopper frame as shown at Fig. 2 and having
as inany journals or acting portions as there are fire bars. Secured to the shaft
of the said multiple throw crank k is a worm wheel n gearing into a worm n¹
operated by means of the belt to passing round the pulley, wo secured to the
shaft r. The journals or acting parts k of the crank k engage with the slots / in
the fire bars h and thereby impart a to and fro motion to the latter as the crank k
revolves. The distribution of the journals or acting parts of the crank k about its
centre of rotation is so arranged as that all the fire bars I have not simultaneously
the same phase of their respective oscillations consequently during any given short
interval of time some of the harsh are advancing some are retreating while others
are practically stationary owing to the journals of the crank k which operate the
latter being at their "dead centres." The sides of the slot I have unequal lengths
so proportioned that as the journal advances it clears itself from the short rear
limb of the slot when passing downwards. It however takes against the long
front limb of the slot when rising. By this construction I am enabled to readily
withdraw any single firebar when its journal is in its lowest position. On the
underside of the firebars and resting on the sides of the furnace are bearers m m¹
provided with grooves or guides o (Figs. 3 and 4) in which slide the fire bars h.
Flanged rollers cr bowls p moving on the front bearer m and engaging on the
underside of each of the firebars serve to diminish friction. The front bearer m
is constructed as a grating in order to allow any coal dust which may fall thereon.
to pass through.
Owing to the differential motion of the fire bars thus produced the fuel is
continually agitated during its combustion and gradually progresses to the rear end
of the furnace where it is discharged from the bars on to a plate s having inclined
sides which cause it to fall on to the bottom of the furnace.
A chain u secured to the door t hinged at t¹ to the back hearer m' and passing
through a slot u¹ formed in the front bearer m allows the door t to be opened
from the front of the boiler and enables the bottom of the furnace to be cleared
out from the back thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a steam boiler or other furnace the combination with the hopper 6 of a
feed shoot or coking box c and a reciprocating sliding scraper d for feeding
the coal on to the fire bars substantially as and for the purpose set forth and shown.
2. In a steam boiler or other furnace a detachable feed shoot or coking box c
having a sliding detachable scraper d in combination with the differentially
oscillating or reciprocating fire bars & substantially as and for the purpose set forth
and shown.
3. In a steam boiler or other furnace the combination of fire bars such as
described and a multiple throw crank k for differentially oscillating or reciprocating
the fire bars & substantially as set forth and shown.
Dated thin och dra of Tanun1907
E. T. WHITELOW, A.M. Inst. C.E.,
70 Deansgate, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.