Improvements in Machines or Apparatus for Drying Yarns in the Form of Skeins.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 27th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 1st Feb.,
1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines or Apparatus for Drying Yarns in the
Form of Skeins.
I, AUGUST MONFORTS of München-Gladbach, Germany, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
With the machines heretofore usually employed for drying yarn in the skein, the
drawback is frequently experienced that the dried yarn shows a waut of uniformity
in the color and in the dressing. This is due to the treatment to which the yarn is
subjected in the machine aud which is as follows:-The skeins whilst still wet are
drawn upon rods arranged in pairs which are then placed on to a reel that is rotated
at a high speed, whilst the yarn is subjected to the action of warm air.
If the yarn
has been dyed or dressed, the dressing or the dyeing" liquid is, impelled to those
portions of the yarn which are furthest away from the axis of rotation with the
result that, after drying, the yarn is more highly charged with dye or dressing at
those portions than at the other portions. Those parts of the yarn that lie close
to the rods dry more slowly than the further parts where the air can circulate
freely; this circumstance serving greatly to facilitate the occurrence of the aforesaid
drawbacks.
The ordinary reels have also the disadvantage of being capable of receiving
only a very small number of rows of yarn, because it is necessary to provide
sufficiently large intermediate spaces to allow of the workmen passing their hands
through.
The drawbacks referred to are obviated in machinery or apparatus constructed
in accordance with the present invention.
8
In it the pairs of rods which receive the skeins of yarns, are rotated about
horizontal axis at such a low velocity that centrifugal force does not act upon the
liquid adhering to the yarn, so that said liquid remains uniformly distributed in
consequence of the regular change of position of the skeins; and furthermore in
order to effect a proper action of the warm air upon the yarn, notwithstanding the
low speed of rotation, the warm air is driven with great force against the skeins of
yarn.
An arrangement of machine according to this invention is as follows:-On two
centrally perforated dises that are arranged vertically opposite one another, each
on a hollow shaft, and are connected together by longitudinal bolts there are
mounted tangentially to a smaller circle a number of arms, say 24, which are
U-shaped in cross section and serve to receive the ends of the yarn carriers.
The said arms are situated exactly. opposite to one another, and each contains
the ends of two yarn carriers whose other ends enter the corresponding arm on the
other disc.
In each arm. is arranged a tie rod of suitable length, that holds the two ends of
the yarn carriers that are situated in the said arin at a distance apart from each
other corresponding to the length of the skeins of yarn. The yarn carriers and
tie-rods forin, when connected together, frames which are held in place by means
of rotary bolts on the ends of the arms. These frames are put together and filled
with skeins away from the rest of the apparatus, so that there is no liability of the
yarn becoming tangled when placing it into the machine.
In the interior of the apparatus there is arranged an air-heating device, preferably
consisting of a helically coiled steam pipe. Between this pipe and the inner yarn

page_text: carriers there is left an annular space in which work fans or vanes mounted on
annular discs carried by hollow shafts that are adapted to rotate in the hollow
shafts upon which the arm carrying discs are mounted and contain in their interior
the steam supply pipe and a pipe for discharging the water of condensation of the
heating device. The whole is mounted on suitable standards. On one of the inner
hollow shafts are mounted fast and loose pulleys for directly driving the fans or
vanes, and also a pulley whose rotation is transmitted by means of belts to another
pulley the shaft of which is carried by bearings in one of the standards, and has on
its other end a pinion which rotates a ring of teeth fixed on one of the arm-carrying
discs. By this means the yarn carriers are rotated slowly and in the opposite
direction to the fans.
On each of the outer yarn carriers there is provided a small star-wheel which,
when the arms are rotated, strikes against a pin fixed on the framing in such a
manner that the said star-wheel is caused to turn each time by the extent of one
tooth. By this means the skeins of yarn are caused to roll step by step on their
carriers, so that no portions of yarn remain very long in contact with the carriers
and the yarn becomes uniformly dried throughout.
The tangential arrangement of the arms on their discs has the result that the
current of air produced by the fan, strikes approximately perpendicularly against
the skeins of yarn, and is therefore extremely effective.
The coil pipe or worm is fixed by means of the condensation water outlet and by
means of flanges, to one of the hollow shafts (viz. that opposite the shaft through
which the steam supply pipe passes) so that the said worm shares the rotary motion
of the said shaft and continuously carries off the water of condensation.
The revolving fans or vanes at starting produce in the interior of the apparatus a
partial vacuum, in consequence of which air is drawn in through the openings in
the inner disc, which air comes into contact with the heating pipes, becomes highly
heated by them and is then driven by the vanes against the yarn.
In place of the fan and heating device, referred to there may be employed any
other apparatus that will effect the same object. Also, the fan may be arranged
outside, and heated air be driven from the exterior into the interior.
The tie-rods for the yarn carriers may be constructed in such a manner as to
exert a spring-action upon the latter and keep the skeins of yarn stretched or in a
state of tension, thereby ensuring that the skeins of yarn shall with more certainty
roll on the yarn carriers when the latter rotate. In one arrangement the rod is bent
in an undulating or corrugated form for this purpose.
With this machine a large
quantity of yarn can be dried at one and the same time.
Dated this 2nd day of Anril 1905
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines or Apparatus for Drying Yarns in the
Form of Skeins.
I, AUGUST MONFORTS, of München-Gladbach, Germany, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
-statement :-
With the machines heretofore usually employed for drying yarn in the skein, the
drawback is frequently experienced that the dried yarn shows a want of uniformity
in the color and in the dressing. This is due to the treatinent to which the yarn is
subjected in the machine and which is as follows:-The skeins, whilst still wet, are
drawn upon reds arranged in pairs which are then placed on a reel that is rotated

page_text: If the
at a high speed, whilst the yarn is subjected to the action of warm air.
yarn has been dyed or dressed, the dressing or the dyeing liquid is impelled to
those portions of the yarn which are furthest away from the axis of rotation, with:
the result that, after drying, the yarn is more highly charged with dye or dressing
at those portions than at the other portions. Again, those parts of the yarn that.
lie close to the rods, dry more slowly than the parts farther away where the air can.
circulate freely about them, and this circumstance serves greatly to facilitate the
occurrence of the aforesaid drawbacks.
The ordinary reels have also the disadvantage of being capable of receiving
only a very small number of rows of yarn, because it is necessary to provide-
sufficiently large intermediate spaces to allow the workpeople to pass their hands.
through.
The drawbacks referred to are obviated in machinery or apparatus constructed
in accordance with the present invention. In it the pairs of rods which receive the
skeins of yarn, are rotated about a horizontal axis at such a low velocity that not
only does centrifugal force produce no movement of the liquid adhering to the
yarn, but that the said liquid remains uniformly distributed in consequence of the
regular change of position of the skeins; and furthermore in order to effect.
a proper action of the warm air upon the yarn, notwithstanding the low speed of
rotation, the warm air is driven with great force against the skeins of yarn.
In the accompanying illustrative drawings,
Fig. 1 shows in cross section, and Fig. 2 in longitudinal section, a yarn drying.
machine constructed according to this invention.
Figs. 3 and 4 represent details; and
Fig. 5 represents a modification of a detail.
On two centrally perforated discs H & H that are arranged vertically and
opposite each other on hollow shafts A and A¹ respectively, and are connected
together by longitudinal bolts T, there are mounted tangentially to a smaller circle
arms a which are of U or channel shaped in cross section (see Fig. 4) and serve to..
receive the ends of the yarn-carriers s.
The arms a of the two discs H and H' are situated exactly opposite to one.
another, and each contains the ends of two yarn-carriers s, whose other ends enter
the corresponding arm on the other disc. In each arm is arranged a tie-rod o
(Fig. 3) of suitable length, that holds the two ends of the yarn-carriers that are-
situated in the said arm at a distance apart corresponding to the length of the
skeins of yarn that they carry. The yarn-carriers sand tie-rods c form, when.
connected together, frames which are held in place by means of rotary bolts
or catches (Figs. 2 and 4) on the ends of the arms a. The frames are put.
together and filled with skeins away from the rest of the apparatus, so that there is.
no liability of the yarn becoming tangled when placing it into the machine.
In the interior of the apparatus there is arranged an air-heating device,.
preferably consisting of a helically coiled steam-pipe D. Between this pipe and.
the inner yarn-carriers s, there is left an annular space in which work fan vanes v
secured to annular plates or discs o carried by hollow shafts a² and a that are
mounted to rotate in the hollow shafts A A', and coutain in their interior a steam-
supply pipe d and a pipe d¹ for discharging the water of condensation of the heating
device D. The whole is mounted on suitable standards B and B'. On the hollow
shaft a are provided fast and loose pulleys R and R' respectively for a belt.
for directly driving the fan vanes v, and also a fast pulley R' whose rotation
is transmitted by means of a belt to another pulley R the shaft of which is carried.
by a bearing in the standard B' and has on its inner end a pinion Z' which rotates.
a ring of teeth Z fixed on the arm-carrying disc H'. By this means the yarn-
carriers are rotated slowly and in the opposite direction to the fan-vanes v.
On each of the outer yarn-carriers s, there is provided a small star-wheel S.
which, when the arms a are rotated, strikes against a pin Z fixed on the framing in
such a manner that the said star wheel is caused to turn each time to the extent of
one tooth. By this means the skeins of yarn are caused to roll step by step.

page_text: on their carriers, so that no portions of yarn remain very long in contact with the
carriers, and the yarn becomes uniformly dried throughout.
The tangential arrangement of the arms a has the result that the current of air
produced by the fan-vanes strikes approximately perpendicularly against the
skeins of yarn, and is therefore extremely effectual for drying purposes.
The coiled pipe or worm D is fixed, by means of the condensation-water outlet-
pipe d and flange f to the hollow shaft A, so that the said coiled pipe or worm
shares the rotary motion of the said shaft and continuously carries off the water of
condensation.
The revolving fan-vanes v produce in the interior of the apparatus, at starting, a
partial vacuum, in consequence of which air is drawn in through the openings o¹,
which air comes into contact with the heating pipes, becomes highly heated by
them, and is then driven by the vanes v against the yarn.
In lieu of the fan-vanes v and heating device described and illustrated, there may
be employed any other apparatus that will effect the same object. Also, the
fan may be arranged outside the machine, and heated air be driven from the
exterior into the interior.
The tie-rods e for the yarn-carriers s may be constructed in such a manner as to
exert a spring-action upon the latter and keep the skeins of yarn stretched or in a
state of tension, thereby ensuring that the skeins of yarn shall with more certainty
roll on the yarn-carriers when the outer carriers are rotated. In one arrangement
for this purpose, illustrated in Fig. 5, the rod c is bent into an undulating or
corrugated form.
With a machine constructed as hereinbefore described, a large quantity of yarn
can be dried at a time.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :―
1. A machine for drying yarn in the form of skeins, comprising a reel adapted to
revolve about a horizontal axis and to carry the skeins of yarn, and a fan or blower
arranged with regard to the reel in such a manner that air can be driven by
it from the interior against the rotating yarn to be dried, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
2. In a machine for drying yarn in the form of skeins comprising a reel adapted
to revolve about a horizontal axis, removable frames each comprising two yarn-
carriers and two tie-rods, and held in the machine by means of two arms arranged.
opposite to each other, substantially as herein before described.
3. In a machine for drying yarn in the form of skeins comprising a reel adapted
to revolve about a horizontal axis and having arms arranged opposite to one
another, yaru-carriers provided with star-wheels which are arranged to travel past
a fixed pin or projection and to be thereby caused to rotate at intervals for the
purpose of shifting the skeins on the yarn-carriers in a step-by-step manner,
substantially as hereinbefore described.
4. In a machine for drying yarn in the form of skeins comprising a reel adapted
to revolve about a horizontal axis and having arms arranged opposite to one
another and yarn carriers constructed as removable frames, elastic tic-rods for
the purpose of keeping the skeins of yarn stretched, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
5. My improved machine for drying yarn in the form of skeins, constructed,
arranged and operating as hereinbefore described with reference to and shown in
the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 27th dox of Deanmhan 10nz
J
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.