IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING PARAFFIN AND OTHER HYDROCARBON OILS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Scott and Robert Mowat, both of
Edinburgh, in the County of Mid Lothian, North Britain, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING PARAFFIN AND
OTHER HYDROCARBON OILS."
Sealed the 28th July 1868, and dated the 4th February 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Scott and
Robert Mowat at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 4th February 1868.
We, THOMAS SCOTT and ROBERT MOWAT, both of Edinburgh, in the
County of Mid Lothian, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS POR BURNING PARAPPIN
AND OTHER HYDROCARBON OILS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention which essentially relates to certain improvements
applicable to lamps for burning paraffin and other hydrocarbon oils
consists, first, in using a glass holder or gallery of such a size as is
employed in ordinary paraffin lamps to support a glass shade with holes
formed in said gallery for the purpose of admitting air to the interior

page_text: of the chimney, air being also admitted to the interior of the burner in
the usual manner below the gallery. Secondly, in using in conjunction
with the preceding a glass chimney of such diameter that its lip rests
upon the glass holder or gallery between the holes herein-before referred
to and the rim of the glass holder or gallery. The air thus admitted
insures more perfect combustion and a larger flame than hitherto
obtained, at the same time the chimney is maintained cooler and with
less liability to fracture whilst the chimney may be removed without
inconvenience when the lamp is burning. Thirdly, instead of screwing
or slipping the burner into the neck or socket of the oil reservoir we
form one or more projections on the plug of the burner, that is the
part fitting into the socket, and an indentation or indentations in the
socket formed at an obtuse angle, into which the said projection or
projections fit, or the arrangement may be reversed by making the
indentations in the plug and the projections on the socket. By either
of these methods the burner is securely fixed to the reservoir.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Scott and Robert Mowat in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 3rd August 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
SCOTT and ROBERT MOWAT, both of Edinburgh, in the County of Mid
Lothian, North Britain, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Thomas Scott and Robert Mowat, Her
special license, that we, the said Thomas Scott and Robert Mowat, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Thomas Scott and Robert Mowat, our executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter, during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING PARAFFIN

page_text: AND OTHER HYDROCARBON OILS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said Thomas Scott and Robert Mowat, by an instrument
in writing under our hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Scott and Robert Mowat,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say:-
Our said Invention which essentially relates to certain improvements
applicable to lamps for burning paraffin and other hydrocarbon oils
consists, first, in using a glass holder or gallery of such a size as is
employed in ordinary paraffin lamps to support a glass shade with holes
formed in said gallery for the purpose of admitting air to the interior
of the chimney, air being also admitted to the interior of the burner in
the usual manner below the gallery. Secondly, in using in conjunction
with the preceding a glass chimney of such diameter that its lip rests
upon the glass holder or gallery between the holes herein-before referred
to and the rim of the glass holder or gallery. The air thus admitted
insures more perfect combustion and a larger flame than hitherto
obtained, at the same time the chimney is maintained cooler and with
less liability to fracture, whilst the chimney may be removed without
inconvenience when the lamp is burning. Thirdly, instead of screwing
or slipping the burner into the neck or socket of the oil reservoir we
form one or more projections on the plug of the burner, that is, the
part fitting into the socket and an indentation or indentations in the
socket formed at an obtuse angle, into which the said projection or
projections fit, or the arrangement may be reversed by making the
indentations in the plug and the projections on the socket. By either
of these methods the burner is securely fixed to the reservoir.
And in order that our said Invention may be properly understood we
now proceed more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or manner
in or under which the same is or may be used or practically carried
into effect, reference being had for the sake of more complete elucidation

page_text: to the letters and figures upon the explanatory Sheet of Drawings which
we have hereunto appended, that is to say :-
Figure 1 is an elevation, Figure 2 a vertical section, and Figure 3 a
plan of a lamp as constructed in accordance with this Invention. The
reservoir A which contains the oil and the other parts of the body of
the lamp are forined in much the same manner as is usual in ordinary
paraffin lamps.
The improvements effected by means of this Invention consists, first,
in forming holes a, Figures 2 and 3, in the gallery or glass holder b
to admit air to the inside of the glass shade or chimney c as indicated
by arrows. The air thus admitted ensures more perfect combustion
and a larger flam than hitherto obtained. Instead of forming the
air holes in the gallery or glass holder b, holes may be formed round
the bottom of the glass shade to admit air, or the surface of the glass
holder may be corrugated so that the glass shade or chimney may not
rest on the surface all round, and thus air may be admitted without
forming holes in either the glass shade or chimney c or the glass
holder b. Air is admitted to the interior of the burner by the holes d,
Figures 1 and 2.
Another part of this Invention consists in the mode of fitting the
burners into the neck of the oil reservoir. Instead of effecting this by
means of a screw thread formed on the bottom end of the burner and
the socket of the oil reservoir, as shown at e, Figure 2, indentations or
grooves, as shown at f, Figure 4, are formed on the inside of the neck
or socket g, shown in section at Figure 4, and projections are formed
on the bottom or plug of the burner which is slipped into the socket g
and turned round until the projections meet the end of the grooves,
by this means the burner is more readily fixed or detached from the oil
reservoir.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is or may be used or practically carried into
effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we consider novel
and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,
First. The admission of air to the interior of the glass of lamps by
means of perforations or corrugations in the gallery or glass holder as
herein-before described and shown in the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings or any mere modification thereof.

page_text: Second. The method of fixing the burner to the oil reservoir by
means of indentations or grooves and corresponding projections as
herein-before described and shown in Figure 4.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Scott and Robert Mowat,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-ninth day
of July, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.