Improvements in the Method of and in Machinery or Apparatus for Grinding Cutlery or other Articles which Require to have a Convex Surface.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Jan., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 30th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 29th Jan., 1889
Improvements in the Method of and in Machinery or Apparatus for
Grinding Cutlery or other Articles which Require to have a
Convex Surface.
CHARLES PEACH of London Road Derby in the county of Derby Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to me from abroad
by Allen Johnston of Ottumwa, Iowa, United States of America) to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the method of and in machinery or
apparatus for grinding cutlery, or other articles which require to have a convex
surface.
The blades of table knives are usually and preferably ground with convex curved
instead of flat or plane surfaced sides. Heretofore these knives have usually been
ground upon the outside cylindrical surface of a grindstone or emery wheel, the
thickness or width of which is equal or about equal to the length of the knife blade,
the knife being held by the workman about parallel to the axis of the stone and the
convexity being given to the side of the knife by the workman continually rocking
the same on the stone as it is being ground. In this method of grinding the knife is
and can be given little if any reciprocating movement across the face of the stone,
and, as a consequence owing to inequalities in the hardness, etc. of the stone at
different parts and the varying amount of grinding required at different points along
the length of the knife, the stone or emery will soon wear uneven and its periphery
become more or less wavy or made up of a series of high and low bands.
In practice therefore the workman is required to stop grinding every hour or two
and dress his stone by chopping or hacking its peripheral surface all over with a
suitable instrument and thus filling it with a series of transverse grooves cavities or
hackles, the hackles being made closer and deeper in the higher parts of the stone

page_text: and fewer and lighter in the lower parts so that the stone may again receive an
approximately true cylindrical surface.
This method of grinding is not only comparatively slow laborious and expensive,
requiring skilled labour but it also results in quite a large proportion of the stone
being wasted, hacked or chopped away instead of being utilized.
The object of my invention is to provide an improved method or process of grinding
knives or other articles with a convex surface and an automatic machine for effecting
the said process.
My invention consists in grinding knives or other articles with a convex surface by
feeding the knife or article, across the inside conical surface of a revolving annular or
ring grinder.
The degree of convexity given to the surface of the article may be varied or
regulated by varying the inclination at which the knife is held to the axis of the
annular stone. If the article is held parallel to the axis of the stone it will have the
full convexity of the inside curved surface of the annular stone; if it is held at right
angles to the axis of the stone it will of course be ground on a plane or flat surface;
and at intermediate.inclinations the degree of convexity will be inversely proportioned
to the angle.
The knife or article may be reciprocated or fed across the internal edge of the
cylindrical revolving grinder by hand or by suitable machinery such as is now
referred to, and which consists in a grinding machine such being a combination with
a revolving hollow or cup-shape grinder, of a work holder reciprocating across the
inside surface of the said grinder in an inclined position to the axis thereof.
It also consists in connection with such grinder and work holder of particular
mechanism devised for operating the same whereby the working parts are protected
from grit.
It also consists in connection with such grinder of an enclosing case provided with
an upper and lower water receptacle whereby the centrifugal action of the revolving
stone is made to supply the water or other liquid continuously to the grinding surface
and directly at the point where the work is being done.
Where the grinding is done upon the end face or upon the outside periphery of the
grinder as heretofore, and the grinder is revolving at great speed, as is usually the
case the centrifugal action tends to quickly throw the water from the grinding surface
of the stone.
However close to the work, if the speed is very high the water may be poured upon
the stone, the centrifugal force will throw it from the stone and leave its surface
comparatively dry. By my invention however the water is raised from the lower
receptacle to the upper receptacle by the centrifugal action of the outer periphery of
the stone and is delivered upon the interior peripheral surface of the stone by a spout
or conductor leading from the upper water receptacle or trough, and the water being
thus delivered upon the inside of the wheel, the centrifugal action tends to spread it
out in a thin annular sheet over the whole inside surface of the stone and to flow it
over the grinding edge or surface of the stone all around and at the very place where
the work is being done.
The frame of the machine is of any suitable construction. 1 provide the hollow
ring, rim, or cup shape grinder which may be of stone emery or other suitable
material. The hollow grinder may if desired have one end or head in which case the
-grinder will be cup shape, but I preferably make the grinder in the form of an annulus
or ring. The grinder is secured by set screws in a revolving holder.
The holder is preferably made cup shape or with a closed end and is secured by
screw threads or otherwise on a hollow revolving shaft which is journaled in a sleeve
mounted upon the frame of the machine.
The annular grinder is adjusted or pushed out of its holder as it.wears away by
means, of a follower disc which fits against the back end or edge of the grinder and is
secured upon an adjustable rod which fits in the hollow shaft and is adjusted by
means of a set screw which works in a hollow threaded end of said rod. The said

page_text: leeve also has a slight sliding movement in its hearing on the frame of the machine
or the purpose of adjusting the pressure of the grinder against the work or article
being ground.
This adjustment is effected by a threaded hand wheel, the threads of which work in
hreads cut upon the aforesaid sleeve.
The sleeve is kept from revolving by a key or other suitable means.
The holder is furnished with a hub of the same exterior diameter as the sleeve and
fits snugly against the end of said sleeve.
The interior of this hub is threaded closely upon a hollow shaft, so that the grit or
grindings worn from the stone cannot get into the bearing or journal of the said
shaft.
The foliower and its rods close the end of the hollow shaft and prevents the grit to
any appreciable extent working its way through the same and moreover the centrifugal
action tends to throw such particles away from the axis.
I also arrange a hollow case which encloses the grinder and its holder and also
constitutes upper and lower water receptacles or troughs.
The water in the lower receptacle is maintained at such a depth that the outer
periphery of the grinder or its holder will turn in the water and by its centrifugal
action throw or carry the water up so that it will strike upon the inside of the case
and fill the upper water receptacle or trough.
A spout or conductor leads from the upper trough and delivers the water upon the
interior peripheral surface of the hollow or cup shape grinder.
As the water is thus delivered upon the inside of the grinder the centrifugal force
of the revolving grinder tends to spread it in a thin film over the inside surface of the
wheel and causes it to flow out in an annular sheet over the grinding edge or rim of
the annular stone and thus supply the water continuously and evenly to the stone at
the very point where the work is being done.
By this means I am enabled to effectually prevent the heating of the article being
ground however rapidly the stone may revolve and also to facilitate the work.
It is obvious that if the knife or article being ground were to be held against the
inside surface of the revolving stone and about parallel to the axis of the stone the
convexity given to the ground surface of the knife would be the same as the curve of
the stone. In grinding cutlery I in practice usually employ a hollow stone about a
foot in diameter.
Such a stone would give much too great a degree of convexity to the knife if the
knife should be held parallel or nearly parallel to the axis of the stone; and if the
article were so held the annular stone would wear thinner and thinner and it would be
difficult to utilise all or nearly all of the material of the stone. By holding and
reciprocating the knife or article at a greater or less inclination across the rim or
edge of the stone, any degree of convexity desired may be given to the face of the
article ground from the full curve of the stone to a flat or plane surface.
By grinding the article upon the inclined or conical surfaced end or edge of the
annular stone nearly the whole material of the stone may be utilized.
I arrange an inclined reciprocating work holder upon which the knife or other
article being ground is held and supported and by which it is reciprocated across the
conical surface of the annular stone. This work holder is specially applicable for
holding table cutlery or knives.
The holder however may be readily adapted to hold other articles. It is provided
with a longitudinal ledge against which the back of the knife rests and with a pin or
lug to enter one of the handle holes in the handle of the knife. The holder is further
provided with a hook or clamp to prevent the knife falling off the ledge when not
being pressed against the grinder. The work holder is mounted and reciprocates upon
a suitable guide. The guide is mounted adjustably or pivotally upon the frame of the
machine by means of a hollow pivot and set screw so that the inclination of the guide
to the axis of the revolving grinder may be varied or adjusted as desired. The work
holder is reciprocated upon its guide by means of a rack secured to said holder by
screws and a gear on a shaft which meshes with said rack. The shaft referred to is

page_text: revolved by means of a segment pivoted to the frame of the machine and which
meshes with a gear on the said shaft. The pivoted segment is furnished with a pin or
friction roller and is oscillated back and forth by a grooved cam. on a shaft.
This shaft is driven by a worm on another shaft which meshes with a gear on the
just before recited shaft. The latter shaft is journaled in a sleeve pivoted to the frame
of the machine and is furnished with a driving pulley on its end and is driven by a belt
or otherwise.
The sleeve is furnished with a handle at its outer end by which the worm may be
raised into engagement with the last named gear. The sleeve is further provided with
a spring pawl or catch which engages a corresponding pawl or notch upon the frame
of the machine and serves to hold the worm and last named gear in engagement until
the said
gear has made one complete revolution.
At each complete revolution of the gear a pin or lug thereon strikes the aforesaid
spring pawl and disengages it from the pawl or notch on the frame of the machine
and thus permits the worm to drop out of engagement with its gear. The pivoted
sleeve in which the last named shaft revolves may be prevented from dropping too far
when the spring pawl is disengaged from the pawl or notch on the frame by means of
a slotted bracket or other support.
At each complete revolution of the worm gear the cam of course makes one
revolution and the knife holder is reciprocated back and forth across the beveled rim
or edge of the hollow or cup-shape grinder. If desired the mechanism may be readily
arranged to cause the knife holder to make two or more or any desired number of
reciprocaties across the hollow grinder by simply changing the shape of the cam
groove. In grinding cutlery or table knives, however I have found one complete
reciprocation of the knife and knife holder to be ordinarily sufficient for each knife.
As soon as the worm is thus disengaged from its gear the knife holder ceases to
reciprocate and while it is thus stationary the operator removes the knife, one side of
which has been ground and places another knife in the holder, and then by lifting on
the handle he raises the worm into engagement with its gear.
The stone revolves in the direction to press or force the back of the knife against the
longitudinal ledge on the work holder.
If the stone were to revolve in the opposite direction it would tend to raise or throw
the knife out of its holder. As it is also desirable to grind the knife with its edge
forward in respect to direction of motion of the stone. I in practice grind one side of
the knife upon one machine and the other or opposite side of the knife upon another
machine, the two machines being duplicates of each other excepting that the knife
holders are arranged at the opposite ends of the annular stone.
For the purpose of protecting the guide or slide way of the reciprocating work
holder and its rack and gear I make a guide groove or way in the under face of said
holder and of a dovetail shape, thus giving the reciprocating work holder an inverted
box shape, the ends of which also are closed by plates. The rack and gear are thus
also protected and covered by the box-form of the sliding holder, the gear being
enclosed between the slide and its guide.
An angle arm is secured to the frame of the machine and serves in a measure to
hold the knife or work in place on the sliding holder. The ledge upon which the
knife rests should be made of hardened steel and separate from the knife holder slide
being secured thereto by screws. In practice I usually employ hollow cylindrical
emery grinders, the same being cast or made in the form of hollow cylinders with
square ends. The end of the same upon which the grinding is done will soon assume
a bevel or conical surface corresponding to the inclination at which the knife holder
and knife thereon is held and reciprocated in respect to the axis of the grinder. It is
not necessary however that the grinder be made in the form of a hollow cylinder, it
may be made in the form of a hollow cone or dish-shape. In such case however it is
obvious that as the grinder wears away and the diameter of its bevel grinding surface
becomes less and less, the inclination at which the work is held to the axis of the
grinder will need to be varied if it is desired to give the same degree of convexity to
the ground surface.

page_text: If the grinder is made in the form of a hollow cup, the annular ring or rim holder
will not be required as in such case the stone may be secured in the ordinary mauner
upon the revolving shaft. If the disc or follower before referred to were made integral
with the stone it would represent the head or bottom of a cup shaped grinder.
Dated this 30th day of January 1888.
POPPLEWELL, COLTON & Co..
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and in Machinery or Apparatus for
Grinding Cutlery or other Articles which Require to have a
Convex Surface.
I CHARLES PEACH of London Road Derby in the County of Derby Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to me from abroad, by
Allen Johnston of Ottumwa, Iowa in the United States of America) and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in machines for grinding cutlery or other
articles which require to have a convex surface.
The blades of table knives are usually and preferably ground with convex curved
instead of flat or plane surfaced sides. Heretofore these knives have usually been
ground upon the outside cylindrical surface of a grindstone or emery-wheel the thick-
ness or width of which is equal or about equal to the length of the knife-blade, the
knife being held by the workman about parallel to the axis of the stone, and the
convexity being given to the side of the knife by the workman continually rocking
the same on the stone as it is being ground. In this method of grinding the knife is
and can be given little if any reciprocating movement across the face of the stone,
and as a consequence, owing to inequalities in the hardness, &c., of the stone at
different parts and the varying amount of grinding required at different points along
the length of the knife, the stone or emery will soon wear uneven and its periphery
become more or less wavy or made up of a series of high and low bands.
In practice therefore the workman is required to stop grinding every hour or two and
dress his stone by chopping or hacking its peripheral surface all over with a suitable
instrument and thus filling it with a series of transverse grooves, cavities, or hackles,
the hackles being made closer and deeper in the high parts of the stone, and fewer
and lighter in the low parts, so that the stone may again receive an approximately
true cylindrical surface. This method of grinding is not only comparitively slow
labourious and expensive, requiring skilled labour but it also results in quite a
proportion of the stone being wasted hacked or chopped away instead of utilized.

page_text: •
The object of my improvement is to provide improved machines for grinding knives
or other articles with a convex surface.
In my improved machine knives or other articles are ground with a convex surface
by automatically feeding the knife or article across the inside conical surface of a
revolving armular or ring grinder. The degree of convexity given to the surface
of the article may be varied or regulated by varying the inclination at which the
knife is held to the axis of the annular stone. If the article is held parallel to the
axis of the stone it will have the full convexity of the inside curved surface of
the annular shone. If it is held at right angles to the axis of the stone it will of
course be ground on a plane or flat surface, and at intermediate inclinations the
degree of convexity will he inversely proportioned to the angle.
My invention consists, in a grinding machine, of the combination, with a revolving
hollow or cup-shaped grinder, of a work holder reciprocating across the inside surface
of said grinder in an inclined position to the axis thereof.
'It also consists, in connection with such grinder and work holder, of the particular
mechanism have devised for operating the same, whereby I am enabled to keep the
grit from the working parts.
It also consists in connection with such grinder of an enclosing case provided with an
upper and lower water receptacle, whereby the centrifugal action of the revolving stone
is inade to supply the water or other liquid continuously to the grinding surface and
directly at the point where the work is being done. Where the grinding is done upon
the end face or upon the outside periphery of the grinder as heretofore, and the grinder
is revolving at great speed, as is usually the case the centrifugal action tends to
quickly throw the water from the grinding surface of the stone. However close to the
work, if the speed is very high, the water may be poured upon the stone the centri-
fugal force will throw it from the stone and leave its surface comparatively dry. By
my invention however the water is raised from the lower receptacle to the upper
receptacle by the centrifugal action of the outer periphery of the stone, and is
delivered upon the interior-peripherial surface of the stone by a spout or conductor
leading from the upper water receptacle or trough, and the water being thus delivered
upon the inside of the wheel, the centrifugal action tends to spread it out in a thin
annular sheet over the whole inside surface of the stone and to flow it over the grinding
edge or surface of the stone all around and at the very place where the work is being
done.
.
In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which
similar letters of reference indicate like parts, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine
for practicing my invention and embodying the same.
Figure 2 is a central vertical longitudinal section.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.
Figure 4 is a vertical cross section on line 4-4 of Figure 3.
Figure is a detail perspective view of the hollow stone and inclined reciprocating
work holder.
Figure 6 is a detail perspective view of the hollow grinder and the knife being
ground thereon.
Figures 7 and 8 are detail views illustrating the operation of the work-holder
reciprocating mechanism..
Figure 9 is a cross section of the reciprocating work holder and its guideway.
Figure 10 is a detail horizontal sectional view shewing the work holder and the
means for reciprocating the same..
1
Figures 11 and 12 are cross sections of the knife the former shewing one side
ground and the latter boil. The degree of convexity is exaggerated.
Figure 13 is a detail plan view of the segment and gear for operating the knife
feed slide..
The said drawings A represents the frame of the machine, which may be of
suitable construction.
-A
any
B is a hollow ring rim or cup shaped grinder. This grinder may be made of ston
emery or other suitable material. The hollow grinder may, if desired, have one end o

page_text: the form of an annulus or ring.
B is a revolving holder in which the hollow grinder B fits and is secured by set
screws b.
The holder is preferably made cup shaped or with a closed end and is secured by
screw thread or otherwise to a revolving shaft B2 carrying fast and loose pulleys B³
and B at its other end.
The shaft B2 runs in bushes in a sleeve B5 this sleeve is screwed at 63 and
carries a hand nut B for the purpose of setting up the sleeve against the revolving
holder and the grinder against the work on the workholder.
C represents the hollow case which encloses the grinder B and its holder B' and
also constitutes the upper and lower water receptacles or troughs C¹ C³.
The water or liquid in the lower receptacle C is maintained at such a depth that the
outer periphery of the grinder B or its holder B will turn in the water, and by its
centrifugal action throw or carry the water up so that it will strike upon the inside of
the case and fill the upper water receptacle or trough C. A spout. or conductor C³
leads from this upper trough and delivers the water upon the interior peripheral
surface of the hollow or cup shaped grinder B.
As the water is thus delivered upon the inside of the grinder the centrifugal force of
the revolving grinder tends to spread it in a thin film over the inside surface of the
wheel and to use it to flow out in an annular sheet over the grinding edge or rim of
the annular stone and thus supply the water or liquid continuously and evenly to the
stone at the very point where the work is being done. By this means I am enabled
to effectually prevent the heating of the article being ground however rapidly the
stone may revolve, and also to facilitate the work.
It is obvious that if the knife or article a being ground were to be held against the
inside surface of the revolving stone, and about parallel to the axis of the stone,
the convexity given to the ground surface of the knife would be the same as the curve
of the stone.
In grinding cutlery 1 in practice usually employ a hollow stone or emery wheel
about a foot in diameter. Such a stone would give much too great a convexity to the
knife if the knife should be held parallel or nearly parallel to the axis of the stone, and
if the article were so held, the stone would wear thinner and thinner and it would be
difficult to utilize all or nearly all of the material of the stone. By holding and reci-
procating the knife or article at a greater or less inclination across the rim or edge of
the stone any degree of convexity desired may be given to the face of the article
ground, from the full curve of the stone to a flat or plane surface. By grinding
the article upon the inclined or conical surfaced end or edge of the annular stone
nearly the whole material of the stone may be utilized.
1) represents the inclined reciprocating work-holder upon which the work-knife or
other article-being ground is held and supported, and by which it is reciprocated across
the conical surface of the annular stone.
This work-holder as shewn in the drawings is specially adapted for holding table
cutlery or knives. The holder however may readily be adapted to hold other
articles.
The holder is provided with pins or studs d' against one of which the back of
The
the knife rests and the other engages with the other side of the knife haft.
holder is further provided with a hook or clamp ³ to prevent the knife falling off
the studs, when not being pressed against the grinder.
The work holder D is mounted and reciprocates upon a suitable guide D¹. The
guide is mounted adjustably or pivotally upon the frame of the machine by means
of its hollow pivot dx and set screw so that the inclination of the guide to
the axis of the hollow grinder may be varied or adjusted as desired.
The work-holder D is reciprocated upon its guide D₁ by means of a rack secured
to said holder by screws and a gear on the shaft d³ which meshes with said rank.
The shaft is revolved by means of a segment d pivoted at di to the frame of the
machine and which meshes with a gear on the shafi do. The pivoted segment d

page_text: is furnished with a pin or friction roller 12 and is oscillated back and forth by a
grooved cam E on the shaft E.
The shaft E' is driven as follows; It carries an internally toothed wheel, or toothed
ring disc E keyed thereto and having say for example 84 teeth, it carries also a
perforated disc or wheel Es having one tooth less, than the internally toothed;
wheel E gearing therewith, this disc or wheel E' is perforated with a circle of
round holes e say about one inch in diameter. Around these two wheels is a casing E*
to which is secured by screws e or otherwise a studded disc E' said studs are about
say half an inch in thickness and are arranged in a circle to correspond with the
perforations e of the aforesaid wheel or disc E and are engaged therein and thus
prevent the perforated dise or wheel E' from turning round, but allows of an
eccentric motion in relation to the axis of the shaft E' which is given by the eccentric
bush E on the driving pulley Es which engages the bush on the perforated wheel Es.
Each revolution of the driving pulley E thereby turning the aforesaid internally
toothed wheel or ringed disc one tooth, which thus makes one complete revolution
when the driving pulley E has made 84.
The shaft E revolves in a sleeve to which is attached the casing which holds the
aforesaid perforated and other wheels, it is held in position by a set screw in the frame
of the machine, the said sleeve is threaded the whole length and is provided with two
round nuts or rings the turning of which move the sleeve to the right or left when
the set screw is released. The moving of the sleeve aids in adjusting the length of
traverse of the work-holder, so that the knife may be ground right up to the holster
if required.
Above the cam E is a rod F sliding in guides the end carrying the belt
shifter for throwing the belt from the fast to the loose pulley. I also provide an
adjustable stop on the rod F. I notch the rod at . Over this notch is a fixed
stop Between this fixed stop and the adjustable stop on the rod F 1 place a
spiral spring on the rod tending to throw the belt on the loose pulley if not
restrained. To keep the belt on the fast pulley while the knife holler is being
..reciprocated across the eternal edge of the grinder I adopt the following means;
pivot trip levers or bell cranks on the frame of the machine and on the
cam E.I arrange a striker which can tilt up said trip levers or bell cranks.
Assuming the machine to be started, the tail of the trip levers or bell cranks fo
engage in the notch" in the rod F and hold the same thus keeping the belt on
the fast pulley.
I
The work holder D is then reciprocated once.
When the cain has made one revolu-
tion its striker knocks the trip levers or bell cranks out of the notch in the
sliding rod F whose spring now runs the same forward pushing out the belt
shifter and transfering the belt from the fast to the loose pulley and so stopping
the work-holder. The knife can then be removed from the holder for grinding the
other side or face on another machine.
If desired the mechanism can be readily arranged to cause the knife holder
to make two or more or any desired number of reciprocations across the hollow
grinder, by simply changing the shape of the cam groove E. In grinding cutlery or
fable knives however I have found one complete reciprocation of the knife and knife
holder to be ordinarily sufficient for each knife.
It will be observed from the arrows that the stone revolves in the direction to press
or force the back of the knife against the longitudinal ledge on the holder D. If
the stone were to revolve in the opposite direction it would tend to raise or throw the
knife out of its holder; and as it is also desirable to grind the knife with its edge
forward in respect to direction of motion of the stone, I, in practice grind one side of
the knife upon one machine and the other or opposite side of the knife upon another
machine, the two machines being duplicates of each other excepting that the knife
holders are arranged at the opposite ends of the annular stone.
For the purpose of protecting the guide or slide way D of the reciprocating work-
holder D and its rack d' and gear d' I make the guide groove or way d³ in the
under face of said holder and of a dovetail shape as indicated clearly in Figure 9

page_text: thus giving the holder D an inverted box shape the ends of which also are closed
by plates D³ D³.
The rack and gear d' are thus also protected and covered by the box form
of the sliding holder D the gear d' being enclosed between the slide and its guide D¹.
The ledge d which may be used in place of the pins or studs and upon which
the knife rests should be made of hardened steel and separate from the knife-
holder slide, being secured thereto by screws as indicated in the drawings.
4
In practice I usually employ hollow cylindrical emery grinders, the same being
cast or made in the form of hollow cylinders with square ends. The end of the
same upon which the grinding is done will soon assume a bevel or conical surface
corresponding to the inclination at which the knife-holder and knife thereon are
held and reciprocated in respect to the axis of the grinder.
It is not necessary.
however that the grinder he made in the form of a hollow cylinder. It may be
in the form of a hollow cone or dish shape. In such case, it is obvious that as
the grinder wears away and the diameter of its bevel grinding surface becomes less
and less the inclination at which the work is held to the axis of the grinder will
need to be varied if it is desired to give the same degree of convexity to the ground
surface.
If the grinder is made in the form of a hollow cup, the annular rim or ring
holder B will not be required, as in such case the stone may be secured in the
ordinary manner upon the revolving shaft.
If desired I can conduct the water or other liquid to the interior of the hollow
grinder directly by a supply pipe or a constant delivery or by other suitable means in
place of that above referred to.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is ÷
First The method of grinding cutlery or like articles with a convex surface by
feeding the article to be so ground across the internal edge of a cylindrical revolving
grinder as described.
:
Second The method of grinding cutlery or like articles with a convex surface,
consisting in feeding the articles across the internal edge of a cylindrical revolving
grinder, and determining the degree of convexity of the ground surface by adjusting
the inclination of the line of feed of the article relatively to the axis of the grinder
substantially as described.
Third The combination with a revolving hollow or cup shaped grinder of a trough
or receptacle in which the outer periphery of the said grinder revolves, a second trough
or compartment into which the liquid is elevated or thrown by the centrifugal action
of the grinder, and having a spout or connection leading to the interior of the hollow
grinder by which the liquid is automatically delivered upon the inner surface of the
hollow or cup shaped grinder so that the centrifugal action thereof will flow or spread
the liquid entirely and constantly over and to the grinding surface at the very point
and time at which the work or grinding is being done, substantially as described.
Fourth The general arrangement and combination of parts forming the improved
apparatus for grinding cutlery and the like substantially as described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 20th day of October 1888
POPPLEWELL, COLTON & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.