A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT IN THE
Year: 1805

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
MARSLAND, of Heaton Norris, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Nineteenth day of
July, in the forty-fifth year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said
Peter Marsland, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, His especial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Peter Marsland, my
exors, admors, and assigns, and every of them, by myself and themselves, or
by my and their deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I,
the said Peter Marsland, my exors, adiñors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within that part of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland called England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT IN THE

page_text: PROCESS OF DYING SILK, WOOLLEN, WORSTED, MOHAIR, FUR, HAIR, COTTON, AND
LINEN, OR ANY ONE OR MORE OF THEM, AS WELL IN A MANUFACTURED OR PART
MANUFACTURED AS IN AN UNMANUFACTURED OR RAW STATE;" in which Letters
Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Peter Marsland,
particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within one calendar month next after the date of
the said Letters Patent, as in and by the same Letters Patent, relation being
thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in pursuance of and in compliance with the said
recited proviso, I, the said Peter Marsland, do hereby declare that the
nature of my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be
performed, is as follows:-
The nature of the Invention.-My Invention consists in the extraction of
the air from a vessel containing the silk, woollen, worsted, mohair, fur, hair,
cotton, and linen which are to be dyed, or any one or more of them, as well
in a manufactured or part manufactured as in an unmanufactured or raw
state, and consequently from such silk, woollen, worsted, mohair, fur, hair,
cotton, and linen, or any one or more of them, and applying all or any of such
liquid materials or substances as are used in dying the same, or any one
or more of them, to the same, or any one or more of them, while the air is so
extracted therefrom. The more completely the air is extracted, the more
perfect the operation will be.
The manner in which the same is to be performed.-The articles which are
to be dyed must be put into a vessel called a receiver, and which must be
made perfectly air-tight by fastening down the lid or other cover to the
aperture through which the articles are put into the receiver. Then by
means of a common air pump connected with the receiver, or any other means
by which a vacuum may be produced in the receiver, the air must be extracted
from the receiver, and from the articles which are to be dyed contained in it,
or as much of such air as can be easily extracted; then such of the liquid
materials or substances as are commonly used in dying the same are to be
introduced into the receiver, either at the same time or at different times,
according to the order in which the same are used in the common process of
dying, care being taken that no air, or as little air as possible, be admitted
into the receiver. The articles to be dyed are then to remain in such
liquid materials or substances as are contained in the receiver, until they are
sufficiently saturated or impregnated therewith. A lid, grating, bars of wood, or

page_text: other solid substance must be placed within the receiver, at the distance of a
few inches from the top thereof, to prevent the articles which are to be dyed
from rising above the surface of the liquor.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Marsland, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Thirteenth day of August, in the forty-fifth year
of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the grace
of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland King,
Defender of the Faith, and in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and five.