are Applicable also to other Purposes.
Year: 1885

page_text: are Applicable also to other Purposes.
We RICHARD CHARLES BRAITHWAITE and WALTER KIRK both of Crown Bridge
and Boiler Works, Swan Villiage West Bromwich in the County of Stafford
.Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FLOORING AND ROADWAY SUSTAINING PLATES WHICH ARE APPLICABLE
ALSO TO OTHER PURPOSES" to be as follows that is to say :-
Our Invention has for its object improvements in flooring and roadway sustaining
plates which are also applicable to other purposes such for instance as troughs and
columns by which the cost of manufacturing such articles is reduced without
impairing the efficiency in any way. Metallic flooring has been made from sheets
pressed in channel sections or groups of sections such sections being afterwards
brought and fastened together to form a complete continuous floor for bridges and
other purposes. Single channel sections with thick flanges and thin webs have
also been used in the construction of floors by reversing the said channels' and .
fastening the webs together. But both these modes present difficulties in
manufacture.
1
In the case of bending the plates considerable strain is brought upon some parts
of the metal more than others and there is a good deal of waste as the metal is
not concentrated at the right positions to produce maximum economy. In the
latter case though the metal is rightly concentrated the cost of manufacture is
increased and metal wasted. Now our invention is for the purpose of producing
the best combined results without the disadvantage and waste of the first or the
extra cost in manufacture of the second case herein referred to.
In manufacturing floors we produce them from a special section of iron having
two flanges and an inclined web. The web and flanges are both produced from a
plate of equal thickness and are bent under a press or other machine or by rolling.
in such a manner that the fibres of the plate are only very slightly disturbed which.
enables .us to use a class of metal which will give the best results in beams
constructed to carry weights. In making the Hoor any number of these single
sections may be brought together and rivetted through the top flanges which lap
°

page_text: over across each other. This shape is such as to be most favourable to strength
with a minimum amount of rivetting which is of great importance in constructing
floors. Instead of making the flanges quite flat they may be curved but in either
case they would fit the one over the other so as to come together in a continuous
'manner In the case of troughs the mode of construction would be quite similar
but in columns or stanchions there would be two outer flanges exposed to which
brackets might be fixed for carrying the flooring beams or for adding an
ornamental finish to the upper parts thereof. In cases where extreme economy is
desired a plain central strip of metal may be placed between the flanges and
rivetted in that position.

page_text: WWW GOD, WHICH
are also Applicable to other Purposes.
We RICHARD CHARLES BRAITHWAITE and WALTER KIRK both of Crown Bridge
and Boiler Works Swan Village West Bromwich in the County of Stafford
Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of our said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
.
Our invention has for its object improvements in flooring and roadway sustaining
plates which are also applicable to other purposes such for instance as troughing
and columns by which the cost of manufacturing such articles is reduced without
impairing the efficiency in any way. Metallic flooring has been made from sheets
pressed in channel sections or groops of sections such sections being afterwards
brought and fastened together to form a complete continuous floor for bridges and
other purposes. Single channel sections with thick bases and thin sides have also
been used in the construction of floors by reversing the said channels and fastening
the webs together. But both these modes present difficulties in manufacture. In
the case of bending the plates considerable strain is brought upon some parts of
the metal more than others and there is a good deal of waste as the metal is not
concentrated at the right positions to produce maximum economy. In the latter
case though the metal is rightly concentrated the cost of manufacture is increased.
Now our invention is for the purpose of producing the best combined results
without the disadvantage and waste of the first or the extra cost in manufacture
of the second.
In manufacturing floors we produce them from a special section of iron having
two flanges and an inclined web. The web and flanges are both produced from a
plate of equal thickness and are bent under a press or in a machine in such a
manner that the fibres of the plate are only very slightly disturbed which enables
us to use a class of metal which will give the best results in beams constructed to
carry weights.
In making the floor any number of these sections may be brought together and
rivetted through the top flanges which lap over across each other. This shape is
such as to be most favourable to strength with à minimum amount of rivetting
which is of great importance in constructing floors.
Insteat of making the flanges quite flat they may be curved but in either case
they would fit the one over the other so as to come together in a continuous.
manner. In the case of either troughs the mode of construction would be quite
similar but in columns or stanchions there would be two outer flanges exposed to
which bracket might be fixed for carrying the flooring beams or for adding an
ornamented finish to the upper parts thereof. In cases where extreme economy
is desired a plain central strip of metal may be placed between the flanges and
rivetted in that position.
In order that our invention may be clearly understood.and more easily carried
into practice we have appended hereunto a sheet of drawings showing three
forms in which it may be applied which will be quite sufficient to enable practical
men to apply it in other instances without trouble.
.

page_text: Figure 1.
an end or cross sectional of several of our special sections rivetted
together which clearly shows the mode in which the metal is concentrated to
produce the highest efficiency combined with maximum economy.
Figure 2. is a cross sectional elevation of part of a bridge floor also showing in
elevation the main bridge girder 'E.
Figure 3. is an example of a modification of the section shown by Figures 1.
and 2.
Figure 4. is an elevation of our invention as applied to the piles of bridges and
will also serve to suggest its further application to vertical uses when taking the
places of columns.
Figure 5. is a cross sectional plan of Figure 4.
It will be notced that the continuous floor of the bridge in Figure 2. is composed
of single sections A as also shown brought together in Figure 1. on a larger scale.
The longitudinal timber P for carrying the rail R rests upon the sections A. A.
The flanges a¹ of each separate section form the compression part of the floor and
the flanges a the tension part, i.e. when they are placed as shown in Figures
and 2, and the weight or strain is applied vertically. It will be seen that the
sections may be easily bent from a plate when laid as shown at Figure 6 or on the
other hand they may be just as easily rolled without unduly straining the fibres of
the metal which is important in using metal of a high tensile strength. The
parts a³ may if desired be made different in thickness to the parts a¹ and a² when
however the two flanges a¹ and a' are brought together and the two flanges
a² and a² are brought together we produce a totally new and marked effect in the
construction of floors which is at once so substantial and economical as to commend
itself to those aquainted with the subject The modification shown in Figure 3.
may be used when easier angles are desired than those produced at a Figure 1.
but otherwise the sections come together as before explained in regard to
Figures, 1 and 2.
The same section may be advantageously brought together to form walls piles
or columns as shown by Figure 5. where the four sections or pieces E. F. G and H
are united as a column or pile and the cross pieces K and diagonals M and N serve
as connecting walls or stiffeners to the same.
The flanges h¹ and e¹ and f¹ and g¹ are most convenient for connecting the
cross pieces diagonal thereto. In the case of columns for buildings and stancheons
the flanges e, h¹ and f¹ and g₁ would be most convenient for bolting between
ornamented feet work or brackets for carrying shafting machinery or other
similar purposes and for such purposes they are most substantial.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
The improvements in flooring and roadway sustaining plates which are also
applicable to other purposes of the plates A united together as shown by
Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5, upon the drawings as well as the modification shown by
Figure 3, and substantially as herein set forth.