IMPROVEMENTS IN BEARINGS FOR CARRIAGE AXLES
Year: 1870

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical
Draughtsman, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN BEARINGS FOR
CARRIAGE AXLES."-A communication from abroad by William Henry
Downs, of Seneca Falls, in the State of New York, United States
of America, and Jethro Pencille, of Kingston, in the County of
Frontenac, and Dominion of Canada.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 22nd November 1870.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BEARINGS
FOR CARRIAGE AXLES," to be as follows:-
:-
The object of this Invention is to obviate a difficulty in railroad
carriage axles in consequence of the parts wearing and becoming heated.

page_text: The axle and wheels are of any usual character, and the journals are
either outside the wheels or between them. The hangers receiving the
journals are either connected to the under side of the carriage or to a
frame containing four or more wheels and forming a truck. The portions
of the axle forming the journals are not fitted with a journal box as
heretofore usual, but within the aforesaid hangers are rollers, each
hanger has two rollers placed above the axle and so that axle may
rest in the space between and below the contiguous rollers, and these
rollers revolve upon bolts that pass through the hangers and are screwed
firmly in place. Each roller has a groove turned in its surface, and from
this a hole extends radially to the central hole of the roller, and into
this groove and hole lubricating material is introduced, said lubricating
material being of a sufficient consistence to remain therein and gradually
supply the lubricant to the centre bolt of the rollers and to the con-
tiguous rolling surfaces.
•
The axle has shoulders which come at the ends of the rollers to
prevent end play, and the axle passes through holes in the hangers to
prevent the axle being separated from the truck or car. The rollers may
be made more or less hollow to contain lubricating material.
SPECIFICATION, in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 16th May 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second. day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the
thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her
special licence that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alfred
Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all

page_text: times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BEARINGS FOR CARRIAGE AXLES," a com-
munication to me from abroad by William Henry. Downs, of Seneca
Falls, in the State of New York, United States of America, and Jethro
Pencille, .of Kingston, in the County of Frontenac and Dominion of
Canada, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred
Vincent Newton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being made to the Drawing hereto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say): :-
:
This Invention is to obviate a difficulty in railroad car or carriage
axles in consequence of the parts wearing and becoming heated. The
axle and wheels are of any usual character, and the journals either
outside the wheels or between them. The hangers receiving the journals
are either connected to the under side of the car or to a frame containing
four or more wheels and forming a truck. The portions of the axle
forming the journals are not fitted with a journal box as heretofore
usual, but within the aforesaid hangers are rollers, each hanger. has two
or more rollers placed above and at the sides of the axle, so that said
axle may rest in the space between and below the contiguous rollers,
and these rollers revolve upon bolts that pass through the hangers, and
are screwed firmly in place. Each roller has a receptacle for lubricating
material made either of a groove turned in its surface or a cavity, and
from the receptacle a hole extends radially to the central hole of the
roller or bolt, and into this receptacle lubricating material is introduced,
said lubricating material being of a proper consistence to remain therein
and gradually supply the lubricant to the bolt of the rollers and to the
contiguous rolling surfaces.

page_text: to prevent end play, and the axle passes through holes in the hangers
to prevent the axle being separated from the truck or car. The rollers
may be made more or less hollow to contain more or less lubricating
material.
In the Drawing Fig. 1 is an elevation partially in section, and
Fig. 2 is a plan partially in section of two wheels and axles and their
antifriction bearings; and Fig. 3 is a section at the line x, x.
-
The car wheels a, a, are upon axles b, b, and two or more pairs of
these wheels are provided for each car, or associated in a frame to form
a truck. A portion of the truck frame is shown at c. d, d, are hangers
between which are rollers e, e, made so as to turn upon bolts i, i, that
pass through these hangers, and are screwed tightly in place, and form
axles for the rollers. Two or more of these rollers e, e, and the accom-
panying hangers are provided for each journal of the axles b, and the
journals are made with shoulders at s to take against the ends of the
rollers or the hangers d, and prevent end play. The axle passes through
holes in the hangers to prevent the parts becoming separated, but the
surfaces should not touch so as to avoid friction. The lubricating
material is to be supplied to the cavities in these rollers through longi-
tudinal holes in the bolts i upon which the rollers revolve, said holes
having lateral branches or openings passing out through the sides of the
bolts. These holes will not be liable to obstruction, because the roller
itself does not come into contact with the bolt where the lateral opening
terminates, and any gummy material that may be formed by the revolu-
tion of the roller will work out of the ends of the roller, and its place
be supplied by the fresh lubricant within the cavity of said roller, thus
keeping the parts in the best condition to avoid friction. Where the
receptacle for lubricating material is a groove around the roller, as shown
at e¹, there are to be radial holes to convey such lubricating material
to the bolt i.
The hollow bolt i, shown in Fig. 3, with an oil cup on its outer
end is a convenient arrangement for supplying the lubricating material,
and a wire 6 may be provided for keeping the openings clear. These
antifriction rollers may be positioned in either of the ways shown in the
Drawing. Two rollers may be above the journal, as seen at e', or one
larger roller be placed directly over the journal to take the weight, and

page_text: the other rollers on each side of the journal to maintain the parts in
their proper relative positions.
This improved antifriction bearing for car axles is very strong and not
liable to get out of order, and will not become heated and rapidly worn
under the use to which it is subjected.
Having now set forth the nature of the said Invention, and explained
the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be under-
stood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent what is claimed
and to be secured by Letters Patent is,―
First. The rollers made with recesses or cavities for containing
lubricating material and revolving upon stationary bolts in combination
with the journal of a car wheel axle substantially as shown.
Second. The arrangement of the antifriction rollers above and at the
sides of the journal and between the hangers d, d, which support the
bolts or axles of said rollers as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Twelfth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
A
TT
זגמזו