IMPROVEMENTS IN INSTRUMENTS FOR CUTTING OUT PARTS OF GARMENTS AND OTHER ARTICLES, AND IN GRINDING AND SHARPENING CUTTERS FOR THE SAME
Year: 1853

page_text: Sealed the 16th January 1854, and dated the 22nd November 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Pegg at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 22nd November 1853.
T, WILLIAM PEGG, of Leicester, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INSTRUMENTS FOR CUTTING OUT PARTS
OF GARMENTS AND OTHER ARTICLES, AND IN GRINDING AND SHARPENING
CUTTERS FOR THE SAME," to be as follows:-
of
This Invention has for its object an apparatus for cutting out parts
garments and other articles by hand, to be used in place of shears
and other cutters, and consists of mounting a circular cutter on an axis

page_text: carried by a cranked arm, one end of which turns freely in the handle,
and the table or surface on which the same is caused to cut is of zinc ;
and in order to grind or sharpen the circular cutters used, a machine
is constructed according to my Invention, consisting of a frame capable
of moving on an axis, so as to be caused to move to and from the
grinding or sharpening surface, and such frame carrys an axle, to
which rotatory motion can be given. On this axle the cutter to be
sharpened is to be placed, and is to receive a slow rotatory motion,
whilst the edge is pressed to or brought in contact with the surface of
a rotatory stone or sharpening wheel, by which the cutting edge of the
rotatory cutter will be rendered hollow, according to the diameter of
the grinding stone or sharpening wheel used.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Pegg in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd May 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
WILLIAM PEGG, of Leicester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seven-
teenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Pegg, Her special licence that
I, the said William Pegg, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said William Pegg, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INSTRUMENTS FOR CUTTING
Our PARTS OF GARMENTS AND OTHER ARTICLES, AND IN GRINDING AND
SHARPENING CUTTERS FOR THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Pegg, by an instrument in writing

page_text: under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said William Pegg, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof (that is to say) :-
This Invention has for its object an apparatus for cutting out parts
of garments and other articles by hand, to be used in place of shears
and other cutters, and consists of mounting a circular cutter on an
axis carried by a cranked arm, one end of which turns freely in the
handle, and the table or surface on which the same is caused to cut, is
of zinc. And in order to grind or sharpen the circular cutters used,
a machine is constructed according to my Invention, consisting of a
frame capable of moving on an axis, so as to be caused to move to and
from the grinding or sharpening surface, and such frame carries an
axle, to which rotatory motion can be given. On this axle the cutter
to be sharpened is to be placed, and is to receive a slow rotatory motion,
whilst the edge is pressed to or brought in contact with the surface of
a rotatory stone or sharpening wheel, by which the cutting edge of the
rotatory cutter will be rendered hollow, according to the diameter of
the grinding stone or sharpening wheel used.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, I will pro-
ceed to explain the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING A.
Figure 1, is a section of an instrument combined according to my
Invention. Figure 2, shews a side view. Figure 3, an underside view
thereof; and the other Figures in the same Drawing shew some of the
parts separately. In all these Figures the same letters are used to
indicate the same parts. A, is the circular cutter which moves on the
axis B, which is carried by the frame C. The frame C, moves on an

page_text: axis E, and it is prevented rising or falling too far by means of the stop
or pin F, which passes through the frame, and through the slotted
opening in the part D, such part D, having affixed to it a stem or axis
D', which is retained in the socket I, of the handle K, by means of
the screw nut J; the lower part of the socket I, is made with notches
or teeth; and the end of the frame C is made suitable for entering
into such notches or teeth in a manner to be locked therein, and
prevented rotating in the handle, so long as the cutter is not being
pressed on a surface; and in order to cause the back end of the frame
C, to enter between the teeth or notches when the cutter is not being
pressed on a surface, there is a spring L, fixed to the part D, and
pressing under the pin M, as shewn. The form of the portion of fabric
to be cut out having been marked thereon, the same is to be spread
evenly on a table covered with zinc, and with a little practice this
instrument will be found to offer great facilities for cutting, and be
preferable to the use of shears heretofore employed.
I will now proceed to describe the second part of my Invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS B.
Figure 1, is a plan; Figure 2, a side view; and Figure 3, a longi-
tudinal section of a machine constructed to grind or sharpen the circular
cutters A, according to my Invention. a is the stone, or it may be any
other suitable grinding or sharpening surface mounted on an axis b,
and turning in bearings c, c. The axis carries a pulley d, which, by
an elastic band e passing around it, and a pulley f, gives motion to the
axis I, carried by the frame h. On the axis g is keyed a bevilled toothed
pinion i, which takes into and gives motion to the bevilled toothed
pinion j, on the axis k. The axis works in bearings 1', ', in the
frame 1, 1. The axis has also affixed thereon at its other end
another bevilled toothed pinion m, which takes into and drives the
bevilled toothed pinion n on the axis o, which is carried by the socket
of the frame. The circular cutter A is held firmly on the axis o
by the screws, the head of which presses the flat surface of the cutter
A against the collar o² of the axis q, The axis b has also affixed

page_text: thereon a bevilled toothed pinion &, which takes into and gives motion
to another bevilled toothed pinion 2 on the axis , working in bearings
a, a'. On the axis is a worm, which drives the worm wheel b³,
on the axis 66, working in bearings , ; the axis has at its other
end a cam or heart wheel b, which acting on the truck h', affixed to
the lever h², which is attached to the frame h, causes the frame h, and
the frame 1, 1, and parts connected therewith to turn on the vertical axis
(shewn in section, Figure 3); in its socket p, there is an adjustable
collar p', and set screw p², on the axis ³, by which the axis h³ may be
adjusted in the socket p. The truck h' is kept at all times in contact
with the cam or heart wheel b, by the action of the elastic band e,
which, as previously described, communicates motion from the axis of
the pulley d to the axis of the pulley f. The frame 1, 7, hangs loosely on
the axis g, so that the one end of the frame 1, 1, and circular cutter A,
rest upon the grinding or sharpening surface a, the action of the heart
wheel, causing the cutter A, and frames and 7, to move to and fro
on the grinding or other sharpening surface; h, h, are supports for the
frame 1, 1, and parts connected therewith, when it is necessary to remove
the cutter in order to submit its other edge to be sharpened. The
frame 1, 1, and parts are shewn in such a position by the dotted lines in
the section, Fig. 3. The screw s, is to be removed, and the cutter
A turned over, and the screw s replaced, and the frame 1, 1, is then to
be turned back on the axis g, into its original position, and the parts 1, 1,
and cutter A, made again to rest on the sharpening surface, as before,
and the axis b, being set in motion (in the direction indicated by the
arrows) as before, all the parts will again act and continue so to do as
long as the axis b, continues in motion. Water is caused to run on to
the stone, just in front of where the grinding takes place, and pass off'
by a pipe t, or by any convenient means.
Having thus described the nature of my said Juvention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that I
make no claim to any of the parts separately, nor do I confine myself
to the details. But what I claim is,—
First, the combination of parts forming cutting apparatus herein
described; and,

page_text: Secondly, I claim the combination of parts herein described for
sharpening circular cutters.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Pegg, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
WILLIAM EVERITT,
of Derby.
WILLIAM PEGG. (L.S.)