Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 28th Nov., 1893-Accepted, 27th Jan., 1894
is performed, and the machines, employed in my process and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a sido elevation of the printing-machine.
Figs. 2 & 3 show details.
Fig. 4 shows a side-view.
Fig. 5 an upper view of the improved loom.
Figs. 6-9 represent different stages of the process.
Similar letters denote similar parts throughout the different views.
In order to spare the different threads for the various colours and thereby to
simplify the weaving, these colours are printed in the yarn in the successiou
corresponding to the pattern and the yarn then worked on any suitable loom. The
printing-machine, employed in my process, is of an especial construction and quite
differing from other machines of this kind. By this machine the yarn is printed on
both sides with the different colours in shares corresponding to the length of the
pile tufts. This printing on both sides is absolutely requisite, for imbueing the big
yarn with the colour and is affected in the following manner:
The yarn is strained over thin staves connecting two bands or chains (see Fig. 2)
and forming with these the printing warp. Thus the yarn lies free on both sides
for putting on the colours, which may be done by means of rolls b as well as by
little boards dipped into the colour.
The printing warp (Fig. 2) may be atrained over two drums (Fig. 1), one of
which can be moved on a toothed bar by a gearing, in order to impart the requisite
tension to the printing warp. In this way patterns of any long repeating may be
printed on the samo printing machine, by putting printing warps of different length
on the drums.
Each of the said drums consists of two discs, which are mounted on the same
axle, and over which the above mentioned bands or chains aro conducted.
For printing patterns of a small repeating only a single drum may be used, the
said staves being mounted directly on the two discs forming the drum instead of
attaching the same to the two bands or chains.
The colours printed in such a manner on the yarn are steamed, and the yarn is
thon put together, according to the pattern, to a warp beamed on the warp-beam of
the loom.
This loom now forms the pile by means of a new apparatus, the construction and
operation of which is the following:
Undor the yarn an U-rail d (Sheets II and III) is arranged, to which hooked
knives c are thus attached that they are capable to be turned. By a pair of
eccentrics, moved by a gear from the main-shaft, the rail d with said knives may be

page_text: drawn towards the reed and at the same time a lateral turning is imparted to all the
knives by means of cranks and a perforated pole.
The knives a slide into the warp by drawing forward the rail d (Sheet III,
Fig. 6) and are then turned (Fig. 7) in such a manner, that the hook of each knife
catches a pile thread at the retraction of the rail d (Fig. 8). The warp, now 5
going down, is firmly tied in the ground, while the knife c is turnod back into the
position, as shown in Fig. 9.
After the interweaving of the thread e the rail d is again pushed forward into
the position Fig. 6, whereby the hooked knife a cuts up the burl.
Dated this 1st day of February 1893.
1
OTTO HALLENSLEBEN,
By Graham, Binnie & Co.,
3, Clifford's Inn, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE DIEULEICATION.
Process and Apparatus for Manufacturing Smyrna Carpets.
I, OTTO HALLENSLEBEN of 49, Süd Strasse of Elberfeld, in the Province of
the Rhine, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, Engineer do hereby declare
tho naturo of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
It has been tried since long to produce Smyrna-carpets in a mechanical way, and
many varieties of construction have been made for attaining a favourable result. All
attempts have failed, however; partly on account of too great complicateness of
the machine, and the unreliable manner of working resulting therofrom, partly on
account of the impossibilty of using as many colours as could be used in the old
method of tying.
These drawbacks as well as all other ones have been overcome now by the
method and the apparatus forming the object of this application, and it will be
seen from the detailed description following, that the problem has been solved in a
perfectly satisfiable manner.
I hero refer to the drawings sent in with Provisional Specification, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a side elevation of one mode of construction of the printing machine
used in my new method,
Fig. 2 shows a part of the chain for holding the threads, in upper view,
Fig. 3 shows the colouring device proper,
Figs. 4 & 5 show parts of a common loom provided with an auxiliary device used
for practising my new method, and
Figs. 6, 7, 8 & 9 show enlarged views of a part of said auxiliary device and ita
relation to various stages of the process.
In order to afford the possibility of using any number of colours without
necessitating a loom of complicated .construction, the various colors are printed on
the separate threads in the same succession as they appear in the pattern. The
threads being proportionally thick, it becomes necessary to apply the colour to
both sides of the thread by means of two colourod-rollers, between which the
thread is passed through. In order to effect this, a special construction of
colouring or printing-device must be employed, as will be more fully described
hereinafter.
In the machines used bitherto for printing or colouring yarn, the latter is
wound around a drum, and the liquid colour is applied to the yarn by rollers
dipping into said colour and conveying the same by their rotation onto the yarn
on the drum. The yarn is, thus, coloured on but one side, this being sufficient, it
is true, for thin threads, but not for thick ones as necessary for the manufacture of
Smyrna-carpets.

page_text: The colouring-apparatus used by me consists, in its main-part, of a chain formed
by two parallel bands, Figs. 1 & 2, which are connected with each other by thin
staves, Fig. 2. The distance between every two of said staves corresponds to the
length of the pile-loops, and the spaces are numbered in their due successive order,
3 so that the printer may soo from his stencil, correspondingly marked, to which
parts of the threads every respective colour must be applied. The said chain
may either be laid over two wheels or rolls a, Fig. 1, or may be spanned in
its whole length.
Now, for applying the colour or colours to the threads held by tho chain, the
colouring-device shown in Figs. 1 & 3, is employed. The said device is held by a
Bmall car which may be moved on rails v crosswise to the direction of the chain
the car holds a box within which liquid colour is contained, and a roller b placed
crosswise in the box is used for conveying said colour to one side of the threads.
A second box z also containing colour is held by a V-shaped frame u' fixed to the
frame of the car, the said frame also holding a roller b' directly above the colouring
roller of the lower box. The colour contained in the upper box is conveyed to the
said upper roller by a belt running over a roller 6 arranged crosswise in the
upper colour-box. The said two colouring-rollers proper are designated with b b²,
and the threads to be printed are passed through between these rollors, so that the
threads are coloured on both sides, or in fact, owing to the pressure between the
rollers, are coloured on the whole of their circumference.
When using the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, tho colouring-car is moved only
crosswise to the direction of the thread-chain, the latter being transported in
intervals by turning the wheels a. If, however, the thread-chain is spanned
between fixed points, as above mentioned, the rails carrying the colouring-car are
arranged themselves on a special car, which latter may be moved on special rails
in the direction of the thread-chain. After the threads have been provided with
all the colours necessary for producing a certain pattern, the colours are fixed by
steaming, as usually.
The coloured threads, thus finished, are brought on a loom of common but strong
construction, provided, however, with a special apparatus for forming the pile-
loops. This apparatus consists, first, of a rail d of U-like cross-section (Figs. 4-9),
which is arranged above the warp, and may be moved forward and backward by a
cam (Figs. 4 & 5) adapted to act on a lever g. This latter is connected by
rode with two angular double-armed levers i (only one of which is to be seen in
Fig. 5); the other arm of this lever as well as of the other one is connected by a
rod with the aforementioned rail d. This rail holds a number of hooked
knives e, (Figs. 6-9), the shanks e' of which are provided with small cranks 7. All
the cranks are connected by a bar m, (Figs. 4 & 5) which may be moved to and
fro in certain intervals by means of a rod n, Fig. 4; this lattor is connected at one
Bide (not shown in Fig. 4) with said bar m, and at the other side with a lever-
arm o adapted to be oscillated from cam by means of lever g' and rod n³,
Fig. 4. The hooked knives may, thus, bo turned independent of rail d, and may
be moved axially together with rail d as soon as the latter is shoved forward or
backward by means of the rods k.
The cams are fixed to an axle p carrying also a large cog-wheel, that
meshes with a small cog-wheel a, Fig. 5, shaft of this wheel has a cog-wheel w,
which is driven from pulley by a smaller wheel y, Fig. 4.
The two sheds of the warp proper are moved alternately upwards and downwards,
or are crossing each other, as usual; the pile-warp forms but one shed which also
is moved up and down in due intervals.
As soon, now, as the pile-warp has reached its upper position, the knivos are
turned in such a way, that their hooks are pointing upwards; the rail d is moved
forwards then, so that each of the hooks entors the space between every two bundles
of the pile-warp (see Fig. 6). The hooks are turned now for 90 degrees (Fig. 7),.
and rail d with its hooked knives is moved then in the opposite direction, i.e. back-
wards, so that each hook strikes against a distinct bundſe, and catches behind the

page_text: threads forming the same. The hooks take the bundles of the pile-warp with them
and the latter is lowered just at this time, so that all the parts get the position
represented in Fig. 8. The warp-threads proper, as well as the bundles of the
pile-warp are crossed now by the weft-threads and there are thus forined loops out
of the pile-warp; which loops, in order to be turned into tufts need to be out now. !
Instantly after both the warps have been fixed or connected by the weft, aS
described in the foregoing paragraph, the pile-warp is moved upwards again, so
that it regains the position shown in Fig. 6. The book knives c are turned back to
their former position (see Fig. 9) and the rail d, together with the knives, is
brought forwards, so that the hooks of the knives are entering again the spaces
between the bundles of the pile-warp.
The knives, whilst proceeding, cut the loops of the pile-warp on account of their
wedge-shaped configuration (see Fig. 9) and the pile tufts are thus finished. After
this, the rail d with its hooked knives and also the pile-warp e is in the position
shown in Fig. 6, aud all the stages described above are repeated now in their duo
Buccossive order.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In the manufacture of Smyrnn carpets: The method of colouring the threads
of the pile-warp, consisting in colouring different parts of the thread or threads with
different colours, substantially as described.
.
2. In the manufacture of Smyrna carpets: The method of colouring the threads
of the pile-warp, consisting in colouring different parts of the thread or threads with
different colours, the latter being arranged on the thread or threads according to
the stencil or pattern, substantially as described.
3. In the manufacture of Smyrna-carpets: The method of colouring the threads
for the pile-warp, consisting in applying the different colours to different parts of
the thread or threads, substantially as described.
4. In the manufacturo of Smyrna-carpets: As an auxiliary device for colouring
the threads of the pile-warp, a portable box containing liquid colour and having
rollers for conveying the colour to the threads, substantially as described.
6. In the manufacture of Smyrna-carpets: As au auxiliary device for practising
the method characterized by Claims 1, 2, or 3, the combination with two vessels, ench
containing a roller, of a third roller, adapted to press the thread or threads onto
one of the other rollers, the said first roller receiving its colour by a belt or its
équivalent, for the purpose as described.
6. In the manufacture of Smyrna-carpets: As an auxiliary device for colouring
the threads of the pile-warp, or for practising the methods characterized by
Claims 1, 2, or 3, tho combination with two vessels, each containing a roller, of a
third roller, adapted to press the thread or threads onto one of the other rollers, the
said third roller receiving its colour by a belt or its equivalent, and the whole device
being displaceable or wheeled, substantially as described.
7. In the manufacture of Smyrna-carpets: As an auxiliary device for colouring
the threads of the pile-warp, or for practising the methods characterized by
Claims 1, 2, or 3, the combination with two vessels, each containing a roller, of a
third roller, adapted to press the thread or threads on to one of the other rollers,
the said third roller receiving its colour by a belt or its equivalent, and the whole
device being wheeled and displaceable on rails in one or two directions, substantially
as described.
8. In the manufacture of Smyrna-carpets: As an anxiliary device for colouring
the thread or thireads for the pile-warp, the combination with two parallel bands,
spanned immovably or movably, of staves connecting the said bands, substantially
as described.
9. In the manufacture of Smyrna-carpets: As an auxiliary device for colouring
the thread or threads of the pile-threads, or for practising the method characterized

page_text: by Claims 1, 2, or 3, the combination with two parallel bands connected by parallel
staves, of two rollers holding the chain formed by said bands and staves, sub-
stantially as described.
10. In the manufacture of Smyrna-carpets: A loom having arranged a rail near
the place of forming the loops, said rail being movable forward and backward, and
carrying hooks and knives or hooked knives, substantially as described.
11. In the manufacture of Smyrua-carpets: A loom having arranged a rnil nenr
the place of forming the loops said rail being movable forward or backward, and
carrying movable hooked knives adapted to take into the spaces between the
bundles of the pile-warp, to catch said bundles and draw them forwards, substantially
as described.
12. In the manufacture of Smyrna-carpets: A loom having arranged a rail in
front of the warp, said rail carrying rotatable wedge-shaped knives, having hooks
at their points, the hooked knives being adapted to take into the spaces between the
bundles of the pile-warp, to catch said bundles and draw them forward, to hold the
loops during their fixing by the weft, and cut them to tufta, substantially as
described and shown in Figs. 6-9 of the drawings.
13. In the manufacture of Smyrna-carpets: A loom for working threads or pile-
warps, coloured by a method as characterized by Claims 1, 2, or 3, the loom having
a movable rail d with movable hooked kuives c, the rail as well as the hooks being
operated by cams, substantially as described and shown in Figs. 4 & 5 of the
drawings.
הנו
Lista Phin VAKYGA At NAGAMANA KUK
OTTO
HALLENSLEBEN,
By Robert Duissler,
38, Alexander Strasse, Berlin, C., Germany,
Agent for the Applicant.