IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Smith, of Oldham, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
SPINNING AND DOUBLING.”
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Sealed the 13th May 1875, and dated the 7th December 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th December 1874.
I, JOHN SMITH, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in applying a friction break to the spindles or
tubes of throstle spinning and doubling frames, whereby each spindle or
tube may be stopped by the pressure of the knco or leg of the operator,
thereby leaving both hands at liberty for piecing up or for doffing.
The friction break is provided with a spring to bring it out of action as
soon as the pressure is removed.

page_text: My Invention consists also in rendering the spinning frame, known
as Danforth's American spinning throstle, applicable for doubling
yarns.
In performing my Invention I employ what is known in the trade as
dead spindles, the lower ends of which are fixed in the lower lifting rail,
and the upper ends pass through a fixed bolster rail in which the bushes
supporting the bobbins revolve, these bushes have wharves which are
driven by bands, as usual.
The guide wire rail is connected to the lower lifting rail, and rises
and falls with it, thereby keeping the yarn at all times at the same
distance from the point of the spindle on which the ordinary thread
cap is fixed.
Each guide wire is hinged separately to the top lifting rail to enable
cach bobbin to be doffed independently of the othors and without
stopping the machine.
My Invention may be modified by [making the bolster rail into the
lifting rail and leaving the footstep rail stationary.
By means of these improvements the production of tho machine is
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 2
filed by the said John Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 3rd June 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
SMITH, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of December, in tho
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Smith, Her special
licence that I, the said John Smith, my executors, administrators, :
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Smith, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term

page_text: a is the stationary footstep rail in which are fixed the dead spindles b;
c is the copping or lifting rail which is moved up and down to distribute
The bobbin rests
the yarn on the bobbin d in the ordinary manner.
upon and is carried round by the friction of the wharve e, which is
made of one piece with the bush or tube f, the lower end of which
revolves in the lifting rail c. The cap is fixed on the conical end of
the spindle b, and is very similar to those known as the Danforth cap,
but I make a groove near the lower outer edge of the cap and a
shoulder in the inside to hold the traveller h, which is carried round by
the yarn or thread. The traveller imparts a gloss to the yarn or thread
and winds it tight on the bobbin.
The guide wires i are hinged to the rail j, which can be raised or
lowered by set screws or otherwise, so as to vary the distance between
the guide wire and the end of the spindle according to the drag
required. In spinning or doubling strong yarns the guide wires are
lowered, and for fine or tender yarns they are raised.
Each guide wire is hinged separately to the guide wire rail to enable
each bobbin to be doffed independently of the others without stopping
the machine.
To the rail c are connected the friction breaks k, shewn also in plan
in Fig. 2. Each break consists of a thin metal plate, the front edge of
which is bent down and rounded, so that it will not hurt the knee or
leg of the operative when pushed in. The inner edge of the plate / is
hollowed out to fit over the the tube f, and each plate is guided by a set
screw tapped into the lifting rail and passing through the slot in the
plate; the spring is fixed to the rail c, and acts against the end of the
plate.
When it is desired to stop one of the bobbins for doffing or piecing up,
the operative pushes the corresponding plate k towards the spindle,
thereby lifting the bobbin d off the wharve e, the bobbin then ceases to
rotate and the piecing up or doffing can be effected without interfering
with the action of the other bobbins. As soon as the break is released
the spring brings it back to its original position, and the operation
proceeds as before.
My Invention may be modified by making the footstep rail to rise and

page_text: By means of these improvements I am enabled to use the machines
known as Danforth's American throstles for doubling yarn, whereas
these machines have hitherto only been successfully employed for
spinning. I am also enabled to increase the production of such
machines, to reduce the driving power, and to economise manual
labour.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention and described the
manner of performing the same, I declare that I claim,-
First. The application of a break to each bobbin or spindle of machines
for spinning and doubling for the purpose described.
Secondly. Rendering the spinning frame, known as the Danforth
American throstle, applicable for doubling.
Thirdly. The application of a traveller to the Danforth cap, as shewn
and described.
Fourthly. Making the guide wire rail to rise and fall so as to be ablo
to vary the drag on the yarn, as shewn and described.
And, Lastly. Hingeing cach guide wire separately to the guide wire
rail for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Smith, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of May, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-five.
JOHN SMITH. (L.S.)