Improvements in Cooling or Refrigerating Apparatus for Domestic and other Purposes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 5th June, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 5th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 11th Apr., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cooling or Refrigerating Apparatus for Domestic
and other Purposes.
I, HENRI DESMAREST, -of-No.-150,-Rue de la Pompe, Paris, in the Republic
of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
--
The object of this invention is to provide improved cooling apparatus equally
well suited to the purposes of the household and the trade, being free from any
complicated mechanism and therefore capable of being readily operated, and easy
to keep in repair and in a thoroughly clean condition.
My apparatus is based in principle upon the cold which is artificially produced
by the evaporation of a very volatile fluid, such as ether, for example, the ether
vapours being forced and compressed, so that condensation sets in, the ether, after
being restored to the condition of a liquid, re-commencing its circular course
through the apparatus.
A pump is arranged to operate as a suction and force pump, and to be actuated
by means of a hand-wheel. It is arranged within a cylinder surrounding it on all
sides. The cylinder is adapted for use as a condenser of the ether vapours to be
drawn in by the pump; and it is insulated from atmospheric heat by an envelope
of perforated felt.
At the base of the pump, there terminates or opens a pipe controlled by a tap
adapted to afford a passage for the ether vapours originating from the lower
chamber.
This chamber consists of a box or receptacle made of wood and lined with an
internal envelope of paper, divided and acting as an insulating medium. There
is arranged, in the interior, a cooling chamber to which access is obtained through
a door. A bent or knee-shaped thermometer indicates the temperature prevailing
within the chamber.
The said cooling chamber is enveloped in a felt casing which is intended to serve
as an evaporating surface for the ether with which it is impregnated. A channel
surrounding the upper piece of felt is arranged to moisten it with ether in a
constant and uniform manner. The pipe, with its tap, branching off the base or
bottom of the condensing cylinder, serves for discharging the ether upon the
evaporating felt surface, while the empty space, surrounding the cooling chamber,
enables the ether rapidly to evaporate from the felt surface. Ether is introduced
into the apparatus through the upper orifice, normally closed by means of a screw-
threaded plug. By turning the hand-wheel, the pump may be operated so as to
act, first as a suction pump, and then as a force pump. The piston or plunger, as
it rises, draws in ether vapour, while, as it descends, it forces such vapour through
the valve into the cylinder, where they become condensed. The ether, in the
condensed state, then returns through the pipe into the lower chamber.
évaporation of the ether causes the chamber to be cooled; so that, throughout
the entire process, the same ether is utilized over and over again.
Dated this 5th day of June 1895.
The
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Cooling or Refrigerating Apparatus for Domestic
and other Purposes.
I, HENRI DESMAREST, of No. 150 Rue de la Pompe, Paris, in the Republic
of France, Author, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide improved cooling apparatus which is
equally adapted for household purposes or the trade. The said apparatus is free
from any complicated mechanism and is therefore capable of being readily operated,
and easily kept in repair and in a thoroughly clean condition. My apparatus is
based in principle upon the cold which is artificially produced by the evaporation
of a very volatile fluid, such as ether, for example, the ether vapours being forced
and compressed, so that condensation sets in, the ether, after being restored to the
condition of a liquid, re-commencing its circular course through the apparatus...
The improved apparatus is represented in the accompanying drawing which
shows a vertical section of a form adapted for carrying the invention into
practice.
A is a pump arranged to operate as a suction and force pump, and to be actuated
by means of a hand-wheel F. The said pump is arranged within a cylinder B
surrounding it on all sides. The cylinder B is adapted for use as a condenser of
the ether vapours to be drawn in by the pump; and it is insulated from atmospheric
heat by an envelope C of perforated felt.
At the base of the pump, is connected a pipe controlled by a tap D adapted to
afford a passage for the ether vapours originating from the lower chamber.
This chamber consists of a box or receptacle L made of wood and lined with an
internal casing of paper, divided as shown at K and acting as an insulating medium.
In the interior is arranged a cooling chamber N to which access is obtained through
a door M. A bent or knee-shaped thermometer O indicates the temperature
prevailing within the chamber N.
The said cooling chamber N is enveloped in a felt casing E which is intended to
serve as an evaporating surface for the ether with which it is impregnated.
A channel G surrounding the upper piece of felt is arranged to moisten it with
ether in a constant and uniform manner. The pipe H, with its tap H', branching
off the base or bottom of the condensing cylinder B, serves for discharging the
ether upon the evaporating felt surface, while the space I, surrounding the cooling
chamber, enables the ether rapidly to evaporate from the felt surface E.
Ether is introduced into the apparatus through the upper orifice J, normally
closed by means of a screw-threaded plug. By turning the hand-wheel F, the
pump may be operated so as to act, first as a suction pump, and then as a force
pump. The piston or plunger, as it rises, draws in ether vapour, while, as it
descends, it forces such vapour through the valve c into the cylinder B where it
becomes condensed. The ether, in the condensed state, then returns through the
pipe H into the lower chamber. The evaporation of the ether causes the
chamber N to be cooled; so that, throughout the entire process, the same ether is
utilised over and over again.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
A cooling apparatus, wherein the evaporation of cther is brought about by the
action of a suction Dumn the other
hains then fanand hack into the

page_text: condensing cylinder by the same pump; the ether, upon leaving the condenser,
re-entering the lower chamber, containing the cooling chamber proper, after which
it is again evaporated.
Dated this 5th day of March 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.