Improvements in Apparatus for Generating a Vaporous or Gaseous Mixture from, Hydrocarbon containing Liquid and Water for the Production of a Blue Flame.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Generating a Vaporous or Gaseous
Mixture from, Hydrocarbon containing Liquid and Water for
the Production of a Blue Flame.
I, FRITZ ALTMANN, of 59 Brandenburgstrasse, Berlin, S. Germany, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:―
In apparatus which, for the purpose of generating a blue flame, produces a vaporous
or gaseous mixture from hydrocarbon-containing liquids and water, the construction
of the vaporizing retorts, that is to say, those chambers in which the vaporization or
the gasification of the two substances to be mixed takes place, is of special importance,
because, as has been experienced with the constructions heretofore known in which
piping or the like of a too great length is used to convey the vapourous mixture, the
vapours readily become condensed, with the result that the flame when produced, is
of little or no practical use. This invention relates to improvements in the construction
of the above mentioned retorts.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings shows in vertical section one construction of
apparatus according to this invention and Fig. 2 is a section of such apparatus on the
line of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows in vertical section another construction of my apparatus, and Fig. 4
is a section thereof on the line y y of Fig. 3.
a is the receptacle for the hydrocarbon-containing liquid; is the receptacle for
the water. The liquids pass, in the arrangement. shown in Figs. 1 and 2, through
wicks into the retorts c and d which are connected to the chamber e. The heating-up
is offected by means of a flame from a burner f. The vapours thus produced are
then mixed together in the mixing chamber e from whence they pass to the
burner g.
In the arrangement shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the liquids pass from the vessels a and b
by hydrostatic pressure into the retorts c and d, in which the vaporization takes
place and which are also connected to a mixing chamber e in which the vapours are
mixed together before passing to the burner g.
In the arrangement shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the retorts are composed of two
independent receptacles; but if desired, they may be replaced by a vessel provided
with a partition wall. In the arrangement shown in Figs. 3 and 4, where the passage
of the liquids to the retorts is effected by hydrostatic pressure, it is advisable to place
intermediate vessels between the vessels and b, and the retorts c and d, for the
purpose of preventing conduction of heat back to the vessels a and b, and of rendering
the inflow of the liquids more regular.
In the two arrangements described, and in any construction designed in accordance
with the present invention, the essential feature consists in making the retorts of
tubes or like vessels arranged vertically side by side, and open at the top or provided
with suitable outlet holes, one of the retorts containing the hydrocarbon-containing
liquid, and the other containing the water, the liquids being introduced into the
retorts for the purpose of becoming vaporized therein and then being led into a
D

page_text: mixing chamber which connects the two retorts together, and from which the
vapourous or gaseous mixture thus forined passes, to the burner. The advantages of
this arrangement are as follows:-
1, Contact of the liquids or of the liquid-conducting devices cannot take place
before the vaporization, which would cause turbulent vaporization and consequently
an irregular formation of flaine.
2. By reason of the absence of vapour conduits, all condensation of the vapours
is obviated and therefore when using the entire apparatus for incandescent lighting
purposes for instance, damage to the incandescent mantles is obviated!
3. The mixture of the two vapours, formed respectively from the hydrocarbon-
containing liquid used, and
4. The regulation of the from the water, is very intimate,
apparatus is ensured by the arrangement of the heating-up
flame in a simple and effective manner, because in consequence of the retorts being
situated close to each other, one fame only may serve, if required to heat the two
retorts, and the heating effect can be regulated by shifting the flame under the
retorts.
5. The constructional arrangement of the two retorts acts to cause the vapours,
that are already mixed together in the mixing. chamber e to be exposed directly, or
indirectly to the heat in such a manner. as to produce also. à superheating of the
mixture before it issue to the flame.
For the purpose of facilitating the mixture, mixing devices, such as strainers,
spirals, glass wool, asbestos and the like, may be provided in the mixing, chamber.
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346
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The mode of operation of the apparatus, which is chiefly designed for use for
incandescent light purposes, will be clearly understood from the preceding description.
The liquids, hydrocarbon-containing liquid (petroleum) and water, are contained in
separate receptacles, from which they are led, by hydrostatic pressure or by capillary
action, to the retorts in which they are converted into vapour or gas by the use of a
heating flame. The vapour or gas thus produced, flows from the retorts into a
common mixing chamber that connects the retorts together, and from which the
vaporous.or
heating of the retorts may, obviously, be effected in any desired manner.
42
sor gaseous mixture passes to, the burner where a bine alte site
blue name is formed. "The
.
Did the 5th -- is 1005.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Apparatus for Generating a Vaporous or Gaseous
Mixture from Hydrocarbon-containing Liquid and Water for
the Production of a Blue Flame.
.:
Ing
"
I
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. Mip
35
I, FRITZ, ALTMANN, of, 59, Brandenburgstrasse, Berlin, S. Germany, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is, to be 40
-perforined, to be, particularly described and. ascertained, in, and, by the following
statement:—
In apparatus which for the purpose of generating a blue flame, produces a vaporous.
or gaseous mixture from hydrocarbon-containing liquids and water, the construction
of the Vaporizing retorts that is to say, those chambers in which the vaporization or 45
the gasification of the two substances to be mixed takes place is of special
importance, because, 'as has been experienced with the constructions heretofore
known, for instance in consequence of the use of piping or the like of a too
great
+
.

page_text: length to convey. the vapourous. mixture, the vapours readily, become, condensed; with
the result that the flame, when produced, is of little or no practical use.
This invention relates. to. improvements in the construction of the above mentioned
retorts.
Fig. 1 of the drawings. filed with my Provisional Specification shows in vertical
section one construction of apparatus according to this ipvention; and Fig. 2 is a
section of such apparatus on the line xx of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows in vertical section another construction of my apparatus, and Fig. 4
is a section thereof on the line y y of Fig. 3.
a is, the, receptacle, for the hydrocarbon-containing liquid; b, is the receptacle for
the water. The liquids pass, in the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2, through
wicks into the retorts c and d, which are connected to the chamber e. The heating-up
is effected by means, of a flame from a burner, f. The vapours thus, produced are
then, mixed together in the mixing-chamber e, whence they pass to the burner.g.
In the arrangement shown, in Figs. 3 and 4 the liquids pass from the vessels a and b
by hydrostatic pressure into the retorts candid, in which the vaporization takes place
and which are also, connected to a mixing chamber e in which, the vapours, are mixed
together before passing to the burner g.
In, the, arrangement shown in Figs. 3, and 4 the. retorts are composed of two
independent receptacles,;, but if desired, they, may be, replaced by a vessel provided
with a partition-wall. Moreover, in this arrangement, where the passage of the
liquids to the retorts is effected by hydrostatic, pressure, it is advisable to. place
intermediate vessels between the vessels a and b, and the retorts c. and d, for the
purpose of preventing conduction of heat back to the vessels a and b, and of rendering
the inflow of the liquids more regular.
'
In the two arrangements described, and in any construction designed in accordance
with the present invention, the essential feature consists in making the retorts of
tubes or like vessels arranged vertically side by side, and open at the top or provided
with suitable outlet-holes, one of the retorts containing the hydrocarbon-containing
liquid, the other, containing, water, and the liquids being, introduced into the retorts
for the purpose of becoming vaporized therein and then being led into a mixing-
chamber, which connects the two retorts together and from which the vaporous or
gaseous mixture thus formed passes to the burner. The advantages of this
arrangement are as follows:-
1. Contact of the liquids or of the liquid-conducting devices cannot take place
before the vaporization, which would cause turbulent vaporization and consequently
an irregular formation of flame.
2. By reason of the absence of vapour-conduits, all condensation of the vapours
is obviated and therefore when using the entire apparatus for incandescent-lighting
purposes, for instance, damage to the incandescent mantles is obviated.
3. The mixture of the two vapours, formed respectively from the hydrocarbon-
containing liquid used, and from water, is very intimate.
4. The regulation of the apparatus is ensured by the arrangement of the heating-up
flame in a simple and effective manner, because in consequence of the fact that the
retorts are situated close to each other, one flame only can serve, if required, to heat
the two retorts, and the heating effect can be regulated by shifting the flame under
the retorts.
5. The constructional arrangement of the two retorts causes the vapours, that are
already mixed together in the mixing-chamber e to be exposed directly or indirectly
to the heat in such a manner as to produce also a superheating of the mixture before
it issues to the flame.
For the purpose of facilitating the mixture, mixing devices such as strainers,
spirals, glass-wool, asbestos, and the like, may be provided in the mixing-chamber.
The mode of operation of the apparatus, which is chiefly designed for use for
incandescent-light purposes, will be clearly understood from the preceding description.
The liquids, hydrocarbon-containing liquid (petroleum) and water, are contained in
separate receptacles, from which they are led, by hydrostatic pressure or by capillary

page_text: action, to the retorts in which they are converted into vapour or gas by the use of a
heating flaine. The vapour or gas thus produced, flows from the retorts into a
common mixing-chamber, that connects the retorts together, and from which the
vapourous or gaseous mixture passes to the burner, where a blue flame is formed.
The heating of the retorts may, obviously, be effected in any desired manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Apparatus for generating a vaporous or gaseous mixture from petroleum or other
hydrocarbon-containing liquid and water for the production of a blue flame,
characterized by retorts c and d, tubes or similar receptacles, which are arranged
vertically side by side and are open at the top or provided with suitable outlet-
apertures, and of which one (c) serves for the vaporization of the hydrocarbon-
containing liquid introduced therein, whilst in the other (d) there takes place the
vaporization of the water introduced into it, the said two retorts being connected
together by a common mixing-chamber e for the vapours, from which the vapours
pass out to the burner g.
2. Apparatus for generating a vaporous or gaseous mixture from petroleum or other
hydrocarbon containing liquid and water for the production of a blue frame,
constructed, arranged, and operating substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference respectively to and shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and in Figs. 3 and 4 of the
drawings referred to.
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