Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 15th May, 1886.
Complete Left, 17th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 18th Jan., 1887.
I, WILLIAM FOULIS of 42 Virginia Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
This Invention, which relates to an improved apparatus for heating by gas, has for
its object to utilize the combustion of gas economically and without the occurence of
unpleasant smells, such as usually occur with gas heating apparatus as hitherto
constructed.
The apparatus consists of a combustion chamber, preferably lined with refractory
material. Through the lower part of this chamber, a series Bünsen burners are
introduced, and they extend a part way only up into the chamber; their position being
such that the combustion of the burning air and gas ignited in such burners takes
place completely in the said combustion chamber. From the upper part of this
chamber the products of combustion, together with any portions of flame that may
escape therefrom, pass through spaces formed in a mass of refractory material, as
distinguished from passing over the outside surface alone. In this way the mass of
refractory material becomes highly heated and the odour arising from imperfect
combustion is overcome. Above this mass of refractory material, a space is situated
in which tubes are placed communicating with an air space at the back. The residual
products of combustion are led over these tubes so that they become heated and the
air, passing from the lower part of the apparatus, either escapes wholly or in part into
the chamber or apartment in which the apparatus is placed and a part or whole of the
said heated air may be led into the aforesaid combustion chamber, so that the apparatus
may act wholly or partly on the regenerative principle.
The upper and outside parts of the combustion chamber may be covered with tiles
or other glazed material so as to constitute reflecting surfaces.
ST. JOHN V. DAI,
115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Petitioner's Agent.

page_text: I, WILLIAM FOULIS of 42 Virginia Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My Invention, which relates to an improved apparatus for heating by gas, has for
its object to utilize the combustion of gas economically and without the occurrence of
unpleasant smells, such as usually occur with gas heating apparatus as hitherto
constructed.
The apparatus consists of a combustion chamber preferably lined with refractory
material. In this chamber a series of Bünsen burners are situated, and they extend
a part way only up into the chamber; their position being such that the combustion of
the burning air and gas ignited in such burners is completed or nearly so in the said
combustion chamber. This chamber becomes highly heated thus ensuring the
combustion taking place at a high temperature before coming in contact with any
material to be heated. From the upper part of this chamber the products of
combustion, together with any portion of flame that may escape therefrom, pass
through spaces formed in a mass of refractory material. In this way the mass of
refractory material becomes highly heated and imperfect combustion is prevented.
Above this mass of refractory material there is or may be a space in which tubes may
be placed communicating with an air space at the back. When such tubes are used
the heated products of combustion are led over, that is to say, on the outside thereof
so that when they become heated and the air, passing from the lower part of the
apparatus, either escapes wholly or in part into the chamber or apartment in which
the apparatus is placed and a part or whole of the said heated air may be led into the
aforesaid combustion chamber, so that the apparatus may act wholly or partly on the
regenerative principle.
In order that my Invention may be properly understood and readily carried into
effect, I will now proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
On the annexed sheet of drawings Figure 1, is a front elevation and Figure 2 a
transverse section of the improved apparatus for heating by gas constructed according
to my Invention."
In the lower part of the apparatus, a combustion chamber A is situated and it is
preferably formed of fire-clay slabs B as more particularly shewn at Figure 2, these
slabs being held within the metallic casing C. Into the lower part of the combustion
chamber A the several Bünsen burners D, project, each being provided with a tap Ę;
and connected to the gas pipe F. The gas and air escaping from the orifice of the
burners burn with intense heat within the combustion chamber A, a further supply of
air necessary to effect the complete combustion of the gas being drawn into the
combustion chamber from the passage G in travelling through which the air becomes
heated. The hot products of combustion arising out of the combustion chamber A

page_text: escape up into the irregularly formed openings in the block H, which is formed of
fireclay or other suitable material. This fire-clay block H, which constitutes a special
feature of this Invention is so formed that the back thereof is solid as seen by the
section Figure 1, whilst across it and through it, both longitudinally and transversely
the irregularly shaped openings I, are formed which communicate with other
irregularly shaped openings J, in the front thereof, giving the appearance when looked
at from the front of pieces of coal or coke. By means of this special construction of
the refractory block, the back thereof constitutes a reservoir for heat, the irregularly
shaped openings as hereinbefore described affording free passage to the hot products
of combustion which quickly raise the back and the pieces forming the front of the
block to a red heat giving the whole the appearance of a glowing coal or coke fire.
The flue K, communicates with the chimney of the apartment or chamber in which
the heating apparatus is placed and the waste products pass thereinto. These products
in escaping through the Hue K, heat it and the air passing in through the openings L,
in its passage to the upper part of the heating apparatus becomes thereby heated and
escapes as heated air through the openings M, in the upper part of the apparatus.
The tubes hereinbefore referred to may be placed in communication with or as forming
part of the chamber N, as is obvious.
I prefer to place the fire-clay block at some distance back from the front of the fire
or stove so as to protect it from currents of cold air the sides Z being slightly bevelled
and having reflecting surfaces so as to add to the amount of radiation. I wish it to
be understood that I do not limit its use or application to the heating apparatus
hereinbefore described and shewn upon the annexed drawings, but I explain that it is
capable of use in other forms of heating apparatus wherein gas and air are burned.
It is to be understood that the combustion chamber hereinbefore described may be
made of various shapes, for example, in place of being curved and inclined it may
be made vertical and placed directly under the block to be heated, and it is further to be
understood that in a stove or heating apparatus constructed according to my Invention
the flues or passages for heating air may be dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The gas-heating apparatus as herein before described and shewn upon the
annexed sheet of drawings in which the combustion chamber A of refractory material
is so situated and is of sufficient dimensions that the combustion of the gas escaping
from the burners D, is effected therein at a high temperature and from which the
heated products of combustion escape to heat the block of refractory material substantially
as hereinbefore described and shewn upon the annexed sheet of drawings and with or
without flues for heating the air.
2. The block H, constructed in the special manner and of fire-clay or other suitable
refractory material substantially as hereinbefore described and shewn upon the annexed
drawings.
ST. JOHN V. DAY,
Applicant's Agent,