IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ELIJAH.
GALLOWAY, of Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twentieth day of
September (One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine), in the thirteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Elijah Galloway, my exors, adññors, and assigns, Her especial
license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Elijah Galloway,
my exors, adiriors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Elijah Galloway, my
exors, adiñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should-
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
the Town of Berwick upon Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said Elijah
Galloway shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Elijah Galloway, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and

page_text: ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say:-
My Invention is intended to be applied to the description of furnaces
having grate bars, such as are adapted for steam boilers, and all other opera-
tions of boiling, but it is not applicable to furnaces where there are no bars
to carry or support the fire.
Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a section of my furnace, as if cut
through the dotted line a, a, (Figure 2,) and Figure 2 is an underneath view
of such portion of the said furnace, (as if the same were inverted,) as is
necessary to shew the manner of constructing the same. The Invention
consists in giving a particular motion to the bars, by means of excentrics,
b, b, b, b, and c, c, c, c, Figures 1 and 2. These excentrics work the side
bearers, colored pink and blue; that is to say, the pink-colored excentrics
b, b, b, b, move the pink-colored bearers h, h, affixed thereto, in manner shewn,
and the bluc-colored excentrics move the blue bearers i, i. It will further be
seen that the excentrics are set on their axes d, d, exactly opposite each
other (the excentric caps being supposed to be removed in Figure 2, to shew
their relative positions). Now, if these axes are made to revolve by means of
the worms and wheels e', f', (or by other convenient apparatus worked slowly
from the engine,) every part of the bearers, and each point in a fire bar, will
describe a circle corresponding to that described by the central point of the
excentrics, but so that each pair of bearers will be traversing the opposite
points of the circles; one pair ascending when the other are descending, or
one pair moving forwards when the other are moving backwards, and hence
the whole length of the bar will be alternately raised and lowered.
The bars are formed as shewn in Figure 1, being forged or cast with the
hooks e, e, e, e, and being thicker at f, f, f, f, to keep them at proper distances
from each other, the blue bars are also thicker from r to s (Figure 2) to pre-
vent the unignited fuel from falling through between the bars. They are
secured by clips, hooks, or other convenient means to the front transverse
bearers, so as to be held down and compelled to move therewith; 9, 9, and
h', ', are transverse rods respectively affixed to the bearers with whose color
they correspond. These rods are the supports of the fire bars, and will
obviously describe the same circles as the bearers h, h, and i, i, and the red
and blue bars which are attached to the bearers by the hooks e, e, and secured
by a pin at j, (Figure 1,) are compelled thereby to move with those bearers
and excentrics, which are of the same color. The sides of the furnace will be
constructed so as nearly to reach the outside bars, and it will be narrower

page_text: than in the ash-pit, where more space is required to give room for the
bearers, &c. We then see that all the blue bars move together with their
corresponding bearers and eccentrics, and all the red bars do so likewise.
Now, if a piece of fuel larger than sufficient to extend across a bar and its
adjoining spaces be laid on the surface of the bars as at 9, and a motion be
given to the eccentrics in the direction of the arrows, Figure 1, by means of
the worms and wheels e', and fit will be lifted by each set of the bars
alternately, so as to be moved from front to back of the furnace, and any
unconsumed portion will be thrown over the end thereof, by being lifted and
lowered, so as to traverse a course represented by the blue and red semi-
circles shewn in Figure 1.
To supply this furnace with fuel there is a hopper 1 and
a door m, which is
capable of being raised or lowered at pleasure; n, is a hinged plate which
rises and falls with each set of bars as they respectively perform the upper
half of the circle. This is intended to prevent the fuel from escaping from
the front of the hopper, so that the bars by their movements take at each
upper semi-revolution a quantity of fuel, and carry it forward under the
adjusting fire door, all which will be readily understood by reference to the
Drawing, and by which it will be at once seen how the fuel is taken from
the hopper, carried from front to back of the furnace, and the refuse dis-
charged over the inner ends of the bars, where it falls into the pit o, whence
it may be at any time removed by a door through the plate p.
I would remark that it is not essential that two sets of eccentrics should be
used, as the rising and falling and to and fro motions may be obtained by other
means. Figure 3 is intended to illustrate a method whereby the inner axis and
excentrics and the worm and wheel connected therewith may be dispensed
with. In this arrangement there is to be placed upon the axis nearest the
furnace door another excentric x, x, midway between the two pairs of excen-
trics already described, and at nearly a right angle thereto. By means of the
excentric rod y, a motion is given to the lever z, which is affixed on the
middle of the rocking shaft u, which works in bearings placed, as shewn by
dotted lines. At each end of u there is a cross lever v, v, each end of which
respectively moves a pair of vertical rods 5. and 6, one pair (say those at the
inner end) being attached to the red, and the other pair to the blue bearings.
It will be seen that while. the front excentrics (first described) continue to
give a to and fro motion to the entire length of the bearers and bars, the
rocking apparatus gives the lifting action and the degree of lift of the inner
end, (and therefore of any intermediate point,) may be varied by shifting the
connecting pin to a different hole in the lever, as shown,

page_text: In the illustration the various points of the bearers and bars will describe
the oval Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, which Figures will vary in their vertical diameters,
as the position of the pin in z is varied.
It is also manifest that by allowing one series of bars and their bearers to
remain at rest, and giving motion to the other series only, similar progressive
advancing motion may be given to the fuel.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, I hereby declare
that I lay no claim to the parts of the said furnace separately, nor do I confine
myself to the details as herein described; but what I claim is,―
The causing fire bars to rise and fall in their whole length, combined with
a to and fro longitudinal motion, so as to advance the fuel (on the series of
bars) from the front to the back of the furnace, and throw the refuse over
the ends.
And I also claim the giving motion to the bearers of fire bars by means
of excentrics, for the purpose of lifting or giving to and fro motion thereto.
In witness whereof, I, the said Elijah Galloway, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty.