IMPROVEMENTS MACHINES." IN HAY-MAKING
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Newzam Nicholson, of The Trent Tron
Works, Newark, in the County of Nottingham, Agricultural
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
MACHINES."
IN
HAY-MAKING
Sealed the 5th November 1869, and dated the 10th May 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Newzam
Nicholson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 10th May 1869.
I, WILLIAM NEWZAM NICHOLSON, of The Trent Iron Works, Newark,
in the County of Nottingham, Agricultural Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAY-MAKING
MACHINES," to be as follows:-
In
The first part of my Invention applies to certain additions to and
improvements of a system for which Letters Patent for improvements
in hay machines have been already granted me on July 5th 1854.
my former Patent the forward motion is obtained by the usual spur
wheel, and the reverse motion by an internal wheel in the naves of
[Price Gd.]

page_text: My present Invention
each of the two travelling wheels, both gearing into pinions on the fork
barrels when one pinion only is used on each fork barrel. The internal
wheel having of necessity a greater number of teeth than the spur
wheel imparts a more rapid motion to the forks.
enables me to vary the speed of the forks both in the forward and
reverse motions, which is of great advantage in various stages of hay
making. obtain this desireable effect by an intermediate or carrier
pinion which can be brought into gear with the pinion on the fork
barrel, and with either the internal or the spur wheel at pleasure;
when it is not required I withdraw the carrier pinion so that the same
simplicity is substantially retained which is the characteristic of my
former Patent.
The second part of my Invention relates to two methods by which
I construct a hay-making machine having two different speeds. In
one plan I fix in the nave of each travelling wheel two cog wheels, one
of smaller diameter than the other. In the second plan I fix two
pinions of different diameters on the fork barrel cylinders. On the axle
of the machine 1 mount an excentric cylinder on which the fork barrels
revolve, and by moving the excentric cylinder round the axle I adjust
the position of the pinions on the fork barrels so that they can be geared
at either of the speeds required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Newzam Nicholson in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 6th November 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
NEWZAM NICHOLSON, of The Trent Iron Works, Newark, in the County.
of Nottingham, Agricultural Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Newzam Nicholson, Her special
licence that I, the said William Newzam Nicholson, my executors,

page_text: administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Newzam Nicholson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully, might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAY-MAKING MACHINES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that 1, the said William Newzam
Nicholson, my executors, or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Newzam Nicholson, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the sanie is to be performed, to he particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say:
My improvements in hay-making machines consist in a method which
enables me to vary the speed at which the forks of hay-making
machines revolve both in the forward and reverse motions. Letters
Patent were granted me on July 5th 1854 for certain improvements
in hay-making machines, one of which improvements consisted mainly
in a method of driving the fork barrels by spur wheels in the forward
motion, and by internal cog wheels 'in the reverse motion, such spur
wheels or such internal wheels gearing at pleasure into pinions
attached to the fork barrel. The internal cog wheels being of larger
diameter than the spur wheels impart a more rapid motion to the
fork barrels in the reverse than in the forward motion.
My present Invention enables me by the introduction of carrier
pinion to vary the speed at which the forks revolve, which is of great
practical advantage in hay making. When it is not required I withdraw
the carrier pinion, and thus retain substantially the simplicity which is
a characteristic of my prior Invention.

page_text: Figure 1 of the Drawings annexed is a side elevation of the carrying
wheel and part of the side of my hay-making machine, shewing in
dotted lines the position of the spur and internal gearing and of the
fork barrel pinion and carrier pinion.
Figures 2, 3, 4, and 7 are sectional elevations of one side of the
machine, Figure 5 is an elevation, and Figure 6 a transverse section
of the axle covering shewing the stops used for holding the pinions
in the various positions.
A is the axle box shewing in dotted lines the spur wheel a, and the
internal cog wheel b, the fork barrel pinion c, and the carrier pinion d,
B is the cylinder or fork barrel having its pinion c cast or otherwise
fastened upon it at one end and the fork arms or carriers C with their
springs at the other end.
In Figure 2 the fork barrel pinion c is shewn in an intermediate
position, and the carrier pinion which has cogs of double width so
placed as to gear with the fork barrel pinion c and the internal wheel b,
for the purpose of obtaining a rapid forward motion.
In Figure 3 the carrier pinion d is shewn in gear with the fork
barrel pinion e and the external wheel a, thus giving a slow backward
motion; the dotted lines in Figures 2 and 3 shew the various positions
occupied by the pinions in obtaining a variety of speeds.
In Figure 4 the carrier pinion d is with drawn to a recess in the
axle covering and the fork barrel pinion e shewn in direct gear with
the spur wheel a for the slow forward motion. This fork barrel
pinion is moved to the left to gear with the internal wheel for the
rapid backward motion, or allowed to remain in an intermediate
position out of gear for travelling or for changing the speed, as before
described, the stops on the lids of the axle covers Figures 5 and 6
holding the pinions in place.
In Figure 7 an arrangement is shewn by which it is convenient to
obtain three motions only, naniely, the ordinary forward motion and
a slow as well as a quick backward motion. The carrier pinion d
sliding only as far as is necessary to gear with the internal wheel b
and the fork barrel pinion c.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and certain
methods in which the same may be performed, I declare I do not
confine my claim to the precise methods herein shewn as they are

page_text: capable of being varied without materially departing from the nature
or principle of my Invention, but what I claim is, the method of
obtaining variations of speed in both the forward and reverse motions
of lay-making machines, by using intermediate or carrier pinions in
conjunction with the usual fork barrel pinions, and with both external
and internal cog driving gear, such driving gear forming part of or
being connected with or actuated by the carrying wheels of such
machines, substantially in the manner described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Newzam Nicholson have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of October,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-nine.
WILLIAM NEWZAM NICHOLSON. (L.S.)