A CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENT OR CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING CORNICE ENDS FOR CORNICE POLES AND OTHER RODS, CURTAIN BANDS, AND CERTAIN-OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1845

page_text: SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
COSTEN AITKEN, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Clerk of Works,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster the Third day of June, in the eighth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said William
Costen Aitken; my exors, adiñors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that I, the said William Costen Aitken, my exors,
admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Costen Aitken, my
exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time, and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend within England, Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENT OR CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING CORNICE ENDS FOR CORNICE POLES
AND OTHER RODS, CURTAIN BANDS, AND CERTAIN-OTHER ARTICLES;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said William Costen Aitken,
shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery, within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, doth more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Costen Aitken, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention

page_text: and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had unto
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say:-
My Invention consists of, firstly, the application of plain or colored glass,
enamel, porcelain, and other vitreous and semi-vitreous substances, to the
ornamenting of certain articles herein-after enumerated; secondly, the appli-
cation of plain or colored glass, to the ornamenting of certain articles herein-
after enumerated; thirdly, a certain new or improved method of applying
plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, and other vitreous and semi-vitreous
substances to the ornamenting of a certain article herein-after named, to the
ornamenting of which said article glass, enamel, porcelain, vitreous and semi-
vitreous substances, have or may have been previously applied in a manner
different from my said improved method of applying the same.
The first part of my Invention, that is to say, the application of plain
or colored glass, porcelain, vitreous and semi-vitreous substances to the
ornamenting of certain articles is illustrated by Figures 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7,
of the accompanying Drawings. Figure 1 represents my Invention applied
to the ornamenting of a pendant cornice end. Figure 2 represents my
Invention applied to the ornamenting of a cornice end of the ordinary kind
for a cornice or picture rod. Figure 3 represents my Invention applied to the
ornamenting of cornices for beds or windows; and Figures 6 and 7 represent
my Invention applied to the ornamenting of cornice or curtain rings. In
Figure 1, which represents my Invention applied to a pendant, cornice end, tho
part marked a, is of plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, or other vitreous a
or semi-vitreous substance, and the other parts of metal. In Figure 2, which
represents my Invention applied to a cornice end of the ordinary kind for a
cornice or a picture rod, the part marked 6 is made of plain or colored glass,
enamel, porcelain, or other vitreous or semi-vitreous substance; the parts marked
c, c, are ornaments of metal attached to the said glass part b. Figure 3, 3
represents my Invention applied to the ornamenting of cornices. The parts of
the cornice marked e are of plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, or other
vitreous or semi-vitreous substance; the other parts are of metal. In applying
my Invention to cornices, I sometimes make the part marked f, that is to say,
the moulding of the said cornice of plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, or 3
other vitreous or semi-vitreous material. The application of my Invention
to the ornamenting of cornice or curtain rings is illustrated by Figures 6 and 7.
Figure 6 represents a perspective view of a cornice or curtain ring, ornamented
after the manner of my Invention, and Figure 7 represents a vertical section

page_text: of the same. The part marked 9 is of plain or colored glass, enamel, porcerlain,
or other vitreous or semi-vitreous substance, and the part marked h is of metal.
The said metal part h constitutes a lining or support to the glass ring, and
serves also for the purpose of attaching the loop i to the said ring. A hole
is made through the ring 9, and the stem of the said loop passing through
the said hole as attached to the metal lining h.
The second part of my Invention, that is to say, the application of plain
or colored glass or enamel to the ornamenting of certain articles, to the orna-
menting of which plain or colored glass has not been previously applied, consists
of applying colorless or colored glass or enamel to the ornamenting of metallic
or other bedsteads, couches, and chairs, and is illustrated, in connection with
bedsteads, by Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying Drawing. Figure 4
represents an elevation, and Figure 5, a vertical section of a bedstead pillar
ornamented after the manner of my Invention; the parts marked d are of plain
or colored glass or enamel; the other parts of metal. Although I have only
represented the application of this part of my Invention to the pillars or posts
of a bedstead, I do not limit myself to the application of my said Invention
to the ornamenting of the said pillars or posts, as I ornament with plain or
colored glass or enamel various other parts of bedsteads, such as the foot
and head rails; and my Invention is applicable to every part of a bedstead
which may be ornamented. The application of my Invention to the pillars
or posts and other parts of couches, and to the legs and other parts of chairs is
so obvious, that I deem a particular description thereof unnecessary.
The third part of my Invention, that is to say, my improved method of
applying plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, and vitreous, and semi-
vitreous substances to the ornamenting of a certain article, to the ornamenting
of which the said substances have or may have been applied, is represented in
Figure 8. It consists of a new or improved method of applying plain or
colored glass, enamel, porcelain, and vitreous, and semi-vitreous substances to
the ornamenting of curtain bands or holders. That part of the curtain band
or holder marked k is constructed of plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain,
or other vitreous or semi-vitreous substances, and the other parts of the said
curtain band or holder are made of metal. In applying my Invention to
certain bands or holders, I sometimes make the said curtain bands wholly of
plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, or other vitreous, or semi-vitreous
substance, excepting a metal dovetail at the part marked. l, for the purpose of
attaching the said curtain band to the plate m. With respect to the last-described
part of my Invention, that is to say, the application of plain or colored glass,
enamel, porcelain, or other vitreous or semi-vitreous substance to the orna-

page_text: menting of curtain bands or holders, I wish it to be understood, that I am
aware that glass has or may have been applied to the ornamenting of curtain
bands prior to my said Invention, but the manner in which glass has been so
applied, differs essentially from the method of applying it, which constitutes
my Invention. My said Invention differs from the method in which glass has
or may have been applied to the ornamenting of curtain bands in the following
respect.
My said Invention consists of making the said curtain bands or holders
either wholly or in part of plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, or other
vitreous or semi-vitreous substance, whereas the method of applying glass, which
has or may have been hitherto practised, is as follows, that is to say, the said
curtain bands have been made wholly of brass and afterwards ornamented by
the introduction or inlaying in various parts of the surface thereof of rosettes,
studs, or other ornamental forms of glass. In carrying my Invention into
effect I sometimes introduce metal throughout the said curtain bands, but in
such cases the said metal is introduced only for the purpose of supporting or
strengthening the parts of the said curtain bands or holders which are made of
plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, or other vitreous or semi-vitreous
substance, or for the more convenient connection of the parts of the said curtain
bands or holders together, or because the introduction of the said metal is,
under the circumstances in which it is introduced, essential or convenient in
the manufacture of the said curtain bands or holders. I also wish it to be
understood that I do not limit myself to the precise methods of carrying my
Invention into effect herein-before described and represented in the accompa-
nying Drawings, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature
of my said Invention. For example in the cornice ends represented in
Figures 1 and 2, I sometimes introduce, instead of the ornaments marked a
and b, various other kinds of ornaments, such as blossoms, leaves, fruits, and
flowers, the said ornaments being made either wholly of plain or colored glass,
onamel, porcelain, or china, or other vitreous or semi-vitreous substances, or
partly of plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, or china, or other vitreous
or semi-vitreous substance, and partly of metal; and in the cornice represented
in Figure 3, I sometimes introduce, instead of the ornaments represented, diffe-
reut geometrical forms, either plain or painted, together with ornaments of
blossoms, leaves, fruits, or flowers; and in the curtain band or holder repre-
sented in Figure 8, I sometimes introduce insteadof the flower there represented
other ornamental forms, such as various blossoms, leaves, fruits, and flowers;
and I sometimes introduce into the said curtain bands or holders bouquet
holders in place of the flower represented in the Figure. The methods of con-

page_text: structing the ornaments of plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, or other
vitreous or semi-vitreous substances, the introduction of which in the orna-
menting of the articles herein-after enumerated constitutes my Invention, are
well known and commonly practised; and as the same constitute no part of my
Invention, I deem a description thereof unnecessary.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I claim exclusive
right, to-
Firstly, the application of plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, and
vitreous and semi-vitreous substances to the ornamenting of the following
articles, that is to say, cornices, cornice poles, cornice ends for cornice poles
and other rods, and curtain or cornice rings, whether the said glass, enamel,
porcelain, and vitreous or semi-vitreous substances be colorless or colored, or
wholly or partially painted or otherwise ornamented, as herein-befere described
and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7 of the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly, the application of glass or enamel to the ornamenting of metallic
and other bedsteads, couches, and chairs, whether the said glass or enamel bo
colorless or colored, or wholly or partially painted or otherwise ornamented, as
herein-before described and represented in Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Thirdly, the method of applying glass, enamel, porcelain, and other vitreous
and semi-vitreous substancos to the ornamenting of curtain bands or holders
herein-before described and illustrated by Figure 8 of the accompanying
Drawing, whether the said glass, enamel, porcelain, or other vitreous or semi-
vitreous substances be colorless or colored, or wholly or partially painted, or
otherwise ornamented.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Costen Aitken, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.
WILLIAM COSTEN (L.S.) AITKEN.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-seventh day of November,
in the year of our Lord 1845, the aforesaid William Costen Aitken came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that j
purpose.
Enrolled the First day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-five.

page_text: In the Matter of a Patent granted to WILLIAM COSTEN AITKEN, of
Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Clerk of Works, for his
Invention of "A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT OR CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
ORNAMENTING CORNICE ENDS FOR CORNICE POLES AND OTHER RODS,
CURTAIN BANDS, AND CERTAIN OTHER ARTICLES," bearing date at West- 5
minster, the Third day of June One thousand eight hundred and
forty-five.
DISCLAIMER proposed to be entered by William Costen Aitken with the
Clerk of the Patents of England, pursuant to an Act passed in the fifth
and sixth year of the reign of His late Majesty King William the 1
Fourth, entitled "An Act to amend the Law touching Letters Patent
for Inventions."
I, the said William Costen Aitken, in the Specification to my said Patent,
did describe and set forth a method of ornamenting curtain and cornice rings
by the application of plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, and vitreous and 1
semi-vitreous substances; but since the enrolment of my said Specification I
have reason to doubt whether such application of porcelain be new, therefore,
I do hereby disclaim such portion of my said Specification as relates to the
ornamenting of curtain and cornice rings by the application of porcelain.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Costen Aitken, have hereunto
set my hand and seal this Twenty-third day of January, in the.
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-six.
year of
WILLIAM COSTEN AITKEN. (L.S.)
To the Clerk of the Patents of England,
This is to certify, That the above-named William Costen Aitken has applied
to me for leave to enter with you the above written Disclaimer of part of the
Specification of a certain Invention, for which Letters Patent were duly
granted to him under the Great Seal of Great Britain, dated at Westminster
the Third day of June, One thousand eight hundred and forty-five, and to
which a Specification was duly enrolled; and having considered of the said
application, and no objection having been made to the same, I hereby grant
3

page_text: leave to the said William Costen Aitken to file his said Disclaimer pursuant
to the Statute passed in the fifth & sixth years of the reign of His late Majesty
King William the Fourth, entitled "An Act to amend the Law touchin
Letters Patent for Invention."
leave to the said William Costen Aitken to file his said Disclaimer pursuant
to the Statute passed in the fifth & sixth years of the reign of His late Majesty
King William the Fourth, entitled "An Act to amend the Law touchin
Letters Patent for Invention."
Temple, January 24th, 1846.
FRED. THESIGER.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-third day of January,
in the year of our Lord 1846, the aforesaid William Costen Aitken came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Disclaimer aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in
form above written. And also the Disclaimer aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-eighth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-six.

page_text: and forty-five.
DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATIONS entered by the
said William Costen Aitken pursuant to the provisions of an Act passed
in the fifth and sixth years of. the reign of His lato Majesty King
William the Fourth, intitled "An Act to amend the Law touching
Letters Patent for Inventions."
I, the said William Costen Aitken, do hereby declare, that since the
enrollment of the Specification of my said Invention and since the entry of a
Disclaimer of such portion of my said Specification as relates to the orna-
menting of curtain and cornice rings by the application of porcelain, I have
been advised that it would be desirable to restrict my claims in the said
Specification contained to the ornamenting of the cornice ends and curtain
bands therein mentioned. And for this reason, I, the said William Costen
Aitken, do hereby disclain in the title to my said Invention the words "A
certain improvement or," and also the words "and certain other articles." And
in order to complete the sense of the words which will then remain of the said
title, I make the following alteration, that is to say, I add after the word
rods the words "and jin ornamenting;" in consequence of which Disclaimer
and Alteration the title to my said Specification will hereafter be as follows,
that is to say, "Certain improvements in ornamenting cornice ends for cornice
poles, and other rods, and in ornamenting curtain bands."
And for the reason aforesaid I do hereby further disclaim, in the Specification
of my said Invention, all those parts which relate to articles to be ornamented
other than the said cornice ends and curtain bands, and make the various
alterations in my said Specification necessary therein for completing the sense
of the same in consequence of the said Disclaimers and Alterations; whereupon
the descriptive part of my said Specification will hereafter be as follows, that
is to say, I, the said William Costen Aitken, do hereby declare that the

page_text: nature of my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be per-
formed, are fully described and ascertained in and by the following description
thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to such of
the figures and letters marked thereon as are herein-after referred to, that is
to say:-
My Invention consists, firstly, in the application of plain or colored glass,
enamel, porcelain, and other vitreous and semi-vitreous substances to the
ornamenting of cornice ends for cornice poles, and other rods.
And secondly, in a certain new or improved method of applying plain or
colored glass, enamel, porcelain, and other vitreous and semi-vitreous sub-
stances to the ornamenting of curtain bands or holders.
The first part of my Invention, that is to say, the application of plain or
coloured glass, porcelain, vitreous and semi-vitreous substances, to the orna-
menting of cornice ends for cornice poles and other rods, is illustrated by
Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawings. Figure 1 represents my
Invention applied to the ornamenting of a pendant cornice end; and Figure 2
represents my Invention applied to the ornamenting of a cornice end of the
ordinary kind for a cornice or picture rod. In Figure 1, which represents my
Invention applied to a pendant cornice end, the part marked a is of plain or
colored glass, enamel, porcelain, or other vitreous or semi-vitreous substance;
and the other parts of metal. In Figure 2, which represents my Invention
applied to a cornice end of the ordinary kind for a cornice polo or other rod,
the part marked b is made of plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, or
other vitreous or semi-vitreous substance; the parts marked c, c, are ornaments
of metal attached to the said glass parts b.
The second part of my Invention, that is to say, my new or improved
method of applying plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, and vitreous and
semi-vitreous substances, to the ornamenting of curtain bands or holders, is
represented in Figure 8. That part of the curtain band or holder marked k
is constructed of plain or coloured glass, enamel, porcelain, or other vitreous
or semi-vitreous substances; and the other parts of the said curtain band or
holder are made of metal. In applying my Invention to curtain bands or
holders I sometimes make the said curtain bands wholly of plain or coloured
glass, enamel, porcelain, or other vitreous or semi-vitreous substance, excepting
a metal dovetail at the part marked 1, for the purpose of attaching the said
curtain band to the plate m.
With respect to the last-described part of my Invention, that is to say, the
application of plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, or other vitreous or
scuri-vitreous substance, to the ornamenting of curtain bands or holders, I wish

page_text: it to be understood that I am aware that glass has or may have been applied
to the ornamenting of curtain bands prior to my said Invention, but the
manner in which glass has been so applied differs essentially from the method
of applying it which constitutes my Invention. My said Invention differs
from the method in which glass has or may have been applied to the orna-
mènting of curtain bands in the following respect:-My said Invention consists
of making the said curtain bands or holders either wholly or in part of plain
or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, or other vitreous or semi-vitreous substance;
whereas the method of applying glass which has or may have been hitherto
practised is as follows, that is to say, the said curtain bands have been made
wholly of brass, and afterwards ornamented by the introduction or inlaying in
various parts of the surfaces thereof of rosettes, studs, or other ornamental form
of glass. In carrying my Invention into effect I sometimes introduce metal
throughout the said curtain bands, but in such cases the said metal is intro-
duced only for the purpose of supporting or strengthening the parts of the said
curtain bands or holders which are made of plain er colored glass, enamel,
porcelain, or other vitreous or semi-vitreous substance, or for the more con-
venient connection of the parts of the said curtain bands or holders together,
or because the introduction of the said metal is, under the circumstances in
which it is introduced, essential or convenient in the manufacture of the said
curtain bands or holders.
I also wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise
methods of carrying my Invention into effect herein-before described and
represented in those parts of the accompanying Drawings herein-before referred
to, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my said
Invention. For example, in the cornice ends, represented in Figures 1 and 2,
I sometimes introduce, instead of the ornaments marked a and b, various
other kinds of ornaments, such as blossoms, leaves, fruits, and flowers, the
said ornaments being made either wholly of plain or colored glass, enamel,
porcelain, or china, or other vitreous or semi-vitreous substances, or partly of
plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain, or china, or other vitreous or semi-
vitreous substance, and partly of metal; and in the curtain band or holder,
represented in Figure 8, I sometimes introduce, instead of the flower there
represented, other ornamental forms, such as various blossoms, leaves, fruit,
and flowers; and I sometimes introduce into the said curtain bands or holders
bouquet holders, in place of the flower represented in the Figure. The method
of constructing the ornaments of plain or colored glass, enamel, porcelain,
'or other vitreous or semi-vitreous substances, the introduction of which, in the
ornamenting of cornice ends for cornice poles and other rods and curtain bands

page_text: or holders, constitutes my Invention, are well known and commonly practised,
and as the said methods of construction constitute no part of my Invention
I deem a-description thereof unnecessary.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I claim exclusive
right to,―
Firstly, the application of plain or colored glass,, enamel, porcelain, and
vitreous and semi-vitreous substances, to the ornamenting of cornice ends for
cornice poles and other rods, whether the said glass, enamel, porcelain, and
vitreous or semi-vitreous substances be colorless or colored, or wholly or
partially painted, or otherwise ornamented, as herein-before described and
illustrated in. Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly, the method of applying glass, enamel, porcelain, and other vitreous
and semi-vitreous substances, to the ornamenting of curtain bands or holders,
herein-before described and illustrated by Figure 8 of the accompanying
Drawing, whether the said glass, enamel, porcelain, or other vitreous or semi-
vitreous substances be colorless or colored, or wholly or partially painted, or
otherwise ornamented.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Costen Aitken, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, this Twenty-ninth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.
WILLIAM COSTEN AITKEN. (L.S.)
To the Clerk of the Patents for England.
This is to certify, that William Costen Aitken, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Clerk of Works, has applied to me for leave to enter
with you the above-written .Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration of a
certain Invention, for which Letters Patent were granted to him under the
Great Seal, date the Third day of June One thousand eight hundred and forty-
five, and to which the Specification was duly enrolled. And having considered
of the said application, and no objection having been made to the same, I have
accordingly granted leave to the said William Costen Aitken to file his said
Disclaimer and Alteration, pursuant to the Statute passed in the 5th & 6th
years of the reign of His said late Majesty King William the 4th, entitled
An Act to amend the Law touching Letters Patents for Inventions.
Temple, 30th Jan, 1847.
JOHN JERVIS.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-ninth day of January,
in the year of our Lord 1847, the aforesaid William Costen Aitken came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Disclaimer aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Disclaimer aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the First day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-seven.