IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERING APPARATUS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for,
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERING APPARATUS."-A com-
munication from abroad by Albert Ludwig Georg Dehne, of Halle, in.
the Kingdom of Prussia.
Sealed the 29th November 1867, and dated the 26th June 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th June 1867.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature.
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERING APPARATUS," to be as
follows:-
The improved filter press which forms the subject of the present Invention
serves for filtering syrup in sugar refineries, and is intended to be used in
place of the usual mode of filtering with bags as well as the first animal

page_text: charcoal filter; by this means a saving in material, time, and labour will
be effected. The essential difference in the construction of this improved
filter press from those which have hitherto been employed in beetroot
sugar mills or other manufactories consists in the entrance of the juice to
be filtered from the lower part of one side into the chambers of the press
for the double purpose, first, of letting the syrup rise slowly in the chambers,
and to produce a filter bed against the cloths which form the filtering medium
in the chambers of the press; and, secondly, to empty the chambers of the juice
when the work is done, that is, when no more filtration through the cloth
takes place on account of the filter bed becoming too slimy, and when the
juice flows back to the clarifier. The syrup to be filtered is forced .into a
series of pockets connected with the lower part of the filtering chambers, a
canal being formed throughout the entire length of the press by side openings
and by openings in the frame of the press; the juice then flows from the
first pocket through end openings into the chambers of the press, and is
there filtered through the cloths with which the chamber is lined, whereby a
filter bed or slimy coat is formed against these cloths, the filtered juice
running on the other side of the cloths into another part of the frame and
flowing off by pipes from each chamber into a gutter. After a certain time
filtration will cease on account of the slimy coat not allowing the passage
of any more juice through the cloths; the entrance of juice into the press is
then stopped by shutting the supply cock, and by opening another or exit
cock the chambers are emptied of juice; this operation will be facilitated
by admitting air through an air cock. When the chambers have been
emptied in the above-described manner the cocks just referred to are to be
shut, and by opening another cock which communicates with a cold water
reservoir water will be allowed to flow into the canal, from whence it will
enter into the filtering spaces; the water will then penetrate both ways
right and left into the chambers, and wash all the internal parts of the press,
and the sweetened water will be finally drawn off by the exit cocks into the
gutter. In filtering the juice of sugar refineries no cakes will be formed in
the chambers of the press as takes place when filtering juice in beetroot
sugar mills or other manufacturing processes in the ordinary manner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 24th December 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County'
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Edward Newton, Her special licence that I, the said
William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and'
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERING APPARATUS," being a communi-"
cation to me from Albert Ludwig Georg Dehne, of Halle, in the Kingdom
of Prussia, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereou (that is to say) :-
The improved filter press which forms the subject of the present Invention
serves for filtering syrup in sugar refineries, and is intended to be used in place
of the usual mode of filtering with bags as well as the first animal charcoal
filter; by this means a saving in material, time, and labor will be effected.
The essential difference in the construction of this improved filter press from
those which have hitherto been employed in beetroot sugar refineries or other
manufactories consists in causing the juice to be filtered to enter at the lower

page_text: part of one side into the chambers of the press for the double purpose first of
letting the syrup rise slowly in the chambers, and further to produce a filter
bed against the cloths which form the filtering medium in the chambers of the
press; and, secondly, to empty the chambers of the juice when the work is done,
that is, when no more filtration through the cloth takes place on account of
the filter bed becoming too slimy, and when the juice flows back to the
clarifier. The syrup to be filtered is forced into a series of pockets connected
with the lower part of the filtering chambers, a canal being formed throughout
the entire length of the press by means of side openings and by openings in
the frame of the press. The juice flows from the first pocket through end
openings into the chambers of the press, and is there filtered through the
cloths with which the chamber is lined, whereby a filter bed or slimy coat is
formed against these cloths, the filtered juice running on the other side of the
cloths into another part of the frame, and flowing off by the pipes from each
chamber into a gutter. After a certain time filtration will cease on account of
the slimy coat not allowing the passage of any more juice through the cloths.
The entrance of juice into the press is then stopped by shutting the supply
cock, and by opening another or exit cock the chambers are emptied of juice;"
this operation will be facilitated by admitting air through an air cock. When
the chambers have been emptied in the above-described manner the cocks just
referred to are to be shut, and by opening another cock which communicates
with a cold water reservoir water will be allowed to flow into the canal, from
whence it will enter the filtering spaces; the water will then penetrate both
ways, right and left, into the chambers, and wash all the internal parts of the
press, and the sweetened water will be finally drawn off by the exit cocks into
the gutter.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 is an elevation of an improved filter
press constructed according to the present Invention, some of the parts being
shewn in section; Fig. 2 is an end view of the press; Fig. 3 is a side view of
one of the filter chambers following the line x, y, of Fig. 1, and shewing
partly the perforated side of the chamber, partly the frame with its
strengthening ribs, and the pockets for the introduction of the juice; Fig. 4
is an enlarged view of part of one of the pockets with its fastening'; Fig. 5 is
a section of the pocket.
The syrup to be operated upon is supplied to the apparatus (under
pressure) through the pipe and the cock D, Fig. 1, and is conducted into all
the pockets A (Figures 1, 3, 4, and 5) of the apparatus, a canal being formed
throughout the entire length of the press by side openings a, Figures 4 and 5,
and by openings in the frame of the press. The liquid flows from the pocket A

page_text: through the end openings a', Fig. 5, into the spaces or chambers d, d, Fig. 1,
of the press, and from thence passes through the cloths with. which the
chambers are lined. A filter bed or slimy coat is thereby formed on the face
of these cloths, and the filtered juice after passing through runs down the
other side of the cloths in the parts or spaces c, c, Fig. 1 of the frames, and
flows off by the pipes g, Fig; 1, below, and escapes from the apparatus through
the cock G, Fig. 2, into the gutter H, a cock G being attached to each
chamber. After a certain time filtration will cease on account of the slimy
coat not allowing of the passage of any more juice through the cloths; the
entrance of juice into the press is then stopped by shutting the cock D, Fig. 1,
and by opening the cock J and air cock F, Fig. 1, the chambers can be
emptied of juice. When the chambers have been emptied in the above-
described manner, the cocks J and F are to be shut and the cock E opened;
this latter communicates with a cold water reservoir above, and water will
flow from thence into the passage P, Fig. 1, from whence it will enter by the
apertures R into the spaces c, c¹, of the filtering chambers. The water by
penetrating both ways, right and left, into the chambers or spaces d, d, will
wash and cleanse all the interual parts of the apparatus, and the sweetened
water may be finally drawn off by the cocks G, G, Fig 2, into the gutter H,
and conducted to any suitable receptacle.
In filtering the juice of suga refineries in an apparatus of this description
no cakes will be formed in the chambers of the press, as occurs when filtering
juice in beetroot sugar mills or other manufacturing processes; it will there-
fore be evident that by the above-described arrangement the juice of sugar
refineries may be filtered with great facility, and the chamber emptied of the
juice when filtration is over.
All parts of the apparatus may also be washed or cleansed by causing water
to pass through, and the slimy coat may be washed from the cloths, or the
cloths themselves may be removed by opening the press in the ordinary way.
Fig. 4 shews in an enlarged view the mode of fastening the moveable
pocket by means of the arm, which arrangement admits of the removal of
the pocket from the frame for the purpose of introducing the cloths between
the pockets and the frames.
Having now described the Invention which has been communicated to me
as aforesaid, and having explained the manner of carrying the same into effect,
what I claim as tlie Invention which I desire to secure by Royal Letters
Patent is,
First, the introduction of the juice into the filter press from below, as herein
set forth

page_text: Second, the use and application of the moveable pockets A, by which a
continuous passage for the liquid to be filtered is formed, which passage serves
for the double purpose of introducing the juice into the chambers and drawing
off what remains of juice when filtration is over or ceases.
.In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-first day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane..
W. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)