IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING OR THROWING SILK
Year: 1825

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
RICHARDSON FANSHAWE, of Addle Street, in the City of London, Silk Embosser,
send greeting
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth.
by His Letters Patent under the Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twelfth day of August, in the sixth year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successois, give and grant unto me, the said
Henry Richardson Fanshawe, His especial licence that I, the said Пemy
Richardson Fanshawe, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Henry Richardson Fanshawe, my exois, adññiors, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Bei wick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING OR
THROWING SILK,' in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, obliging
me, the said Henry Richardson Fanshawe, by an instrument in writing, under
my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the sanie is to be performed, and to cause the
same to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the
said Henry Richardson Fanshawe, do hereby declare the nature of the several
improvements which constitute my said improved apparatus to consist, first,
in the new arrangement and relative position of the vertical and horizontal
bobbins; secondly, in a new eye for the fly of a spindle. thirdly, in a new
mode of throwing the bobbins out of gear, and fourthly, in a new method of
retaining the bobbin against the bobbin board And in further compliance
with the said proviso, I, the said Henry Richardson Fanshawe. do hereby
describe the manner in which my said Invention is to be performed by the
following description thereof, reference being had to the Drawing annexed,
and the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
-
Fig. 1 is a side view of my said Invention, showing the new and relative
position of the vertical and horizontal bobbins; and it should here be obscived
that the framework which supports the apparatus is only shown in section,
and only such parts as are requisite to show the bearings of the various shafts,
for the form of the framework may of course vary to suit particular circum-
stances of situation, and no particular form is essential to the perfection of the
Invention. A, A, is the top of the apparatus; B is a loose bobbin, and Fan
ordinary fly on the end of the spindle C, this spindle is supported on bearings
at D, D, and is turned by the band f,f, which passes under the main pulley
E, which pulley E traverses or slides on the niain pulley shaft when required.
G is a lever shaft turning on a pivot at H for the purpose of causing the
pulley E to move or slide on the pulley shaft from side to side in order to
throw the bobbins in and out of gear The handle of this lever shaft is at r,
where it comes through a mortice in the front part of the framework, and acts
against a spring catch, as will be hereafter more particularly explained.
S is the bobbin board moved in the ordinary way to distribute the thread
evenly on the bobbin K is a small fluted roller, and L is a larger roller
made of lead or other heavy metal, and covered with leather, which two rollers
seive the purpose of drawing rollers. It will be observed that the axes of
these olleis tuin in slots, and that the upper roller therefore rests on the
under one, and is turned only by friction, for it is the lower roller only that
is connected with the motion gear, as will be seen hereafter. e is a small
receiving notch to set the axis of the upper roller in when a thread breaks, in
which case the upper roller should immediately be raised from the under one,
and placed at e till the thread is mended. J, J, are two vertical spindles with
flies I, I, and carrying each a loose bobbin marked P, these vertical spindles

page_text: are turned by the band M M, which passes over a second groove on the
main pulley E before described. It should here be observed that care should
By this
be taken to band the spindles so that J should twist the thread the contrary
way to C O is a bobbin on a sloping wire, introduced to show the situation
in which place bobbins when I wish to use my said Invention for the
purpose of makung what is called by the trade bergam and tram
arrangement of apparatus it will be seen that two or more threads of silk,
according to the number of vertical spindles and bobbins, may be twisted iuto
one thread and thrown upon the horizontal bobbin B above it, fiom which
horizontal bobbin it is afterwards to be reeled in the ordinary manner. The
orange coloured line 9 in this Figure represents the thread from the bobbin P;
now the thread from each vertical bobbin is led upwards through separate eyes
at V, but all pass through one common eye or guide at t, whence they are led
over the rod of glass or metal at u, and thence to the drawing rollers, and it
should here be observed that the speed of the lower fluted roller K determines
the quantity of twist given to the threads from the time they leave the vertical
bobbin P till they reach the drawing rollers K and L. From the drawing
rollers the thread passes through the eye or guide h to the horizontal bobbin B.
Fig 2 is a plan of part of the top of my said apparatus; and it should
here be observed that the letters which are used in Figure 1 are used to
similar parts in all the other Figures Qis a motion shaft receiving] its
motion from the worm and pinion at R
Fig 3 is a front elevation of my sand apparatus, T is a spring catch for
holding the end of the lever G to whichever side it may be pressed, either to
keep the pulley wheel E in or out of gear
Figure 4 is an enlarged view of this catch.
Figure 5 is the mode which I adopt of keeping the horizontal bobbins
pressed against the bobbin board. W is a small spring lever which presses
down upon a groove or neck in the back part of the bobbin, better shown in
Figure 6, which also shews the manner in which the bobbin is let into the
bobbin board.
Figure 7 is a separate view of one of my said vertical spindles and its fly
The eye of this fly is made by turning over the ends of the fly, and bending
them down to within about half an inch of the bottom of the fly as shown in
this Figure. It may here be stated that I put a metal or leather collar over
the spindle for the bobbin which is loose to rest upon, according as I want
more or less resistance to the force of the drawing rollers
Fig. 8 is a side view of the main pulley E, showing the kind of worm notch
used to throw it gently into gear without a jerk as that would make the

page_text: theads liable to break. In this Figure the main pulley shaft is shown in
section, and it will be seen that there is a pin projecting from the shaft which
takes into the worm, and when it reaches the shoulder of the opposite oını,
must carry the pullev round with it.
Fig. 9 is a front view of the said main pulley and shaft as it would appeal
when diawn out of gear by means of the lever G, in which case the pin on
the main pulley shaft is seen perfectly disengaged from the pulley In order
to use my said apparatus for organzine or sewing silk I place the bobbins I'
with raw silk on them loosely on the vertical spindles; the threads are then
passed upwards under the bent-over ends of the flyers, which are fixed to their
iespective spindles, the threads are then passed each through a separate eyc
at V, and united or drawn together at the guide t, and so led as before described
till they reach the honzontal bobbin B Having pieced up the thread as
described, and given motion to the motion shaft, I move the handle of the
lever G to the night side, which throws the pulley E into gear, and gives a
apid motion to the spindles When the thread breaks I shift the end of the
lever to the left side, and this throws the pulley out of gear and stops the set
of spindles connected with it without impeding the other sets which may be at
work in the same fiame. If thi ec-thiead organzine is to be made, I add a third
vertical spindle and bobbin, as shown in Fig 3, and if bergam is required, I
put one bobbin on one of the vertical spindles and another on the wire at O,
and so on for the various kinds of threads known to the workmen.
Now whereas I do not claim as my Invention either a vertical spindle with
a loose bobbin or a horizontal spindle and loose bobbin, though I believe this
latter position of spindle and bobbin to be new, us regaids its application to
the purposes of spinning, doubling, or throwing silk. But that which I claim
as my Invention consists in four sevcial improvements -
The first is the particular aangement or relative position of the vertical
and horizontal spindles and bobbins shown in Figure 1 of the Drawing,
The second is the peculiarly formed eye of the flyers of the vertical spindles
herein-before described;
The thud is the level marked G in the Diawing, for throwing the pulley
wheels into and out of gear;
And the fourth is the small catch marked W in the Drawing, for holding
the horizontal bobbin back against the bobbin board
And such tour improvements, as last stated and heem-before particularly
described, being, to the best of my knowledge and belief, entuely new, and
Dever before used within that part of His said Majesty's United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland called England, His said Dominion of Wales, o

page_text: Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed. I do hereby declare this to be my Specifica-
tion of my said improved apparatus, and that I do verily believe this my said
Specification doth comply, in all respects, fully and without reserve or disguise
with the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent
contained; wherefore I hereby claim to maintain exclusive night and privilege
to my said Invention
In witness whereof, I the said Henry Richardson Fanshawe, have
bereunto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of February, in the
year of our Loid One thousand eight hundred and twenty-six