IMPROVE- MENTS IN DOOR AND OTHER HINGES AND STOPS OR REGULATORS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Tyler Barnsley Bennett, of 60, Anglesca Street,
Lozells, Aston, in the County of Warwick, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN DOOR AND OTHER HINGES AND STOPS OR REGULATORS CONNECTED
THEREWITH."
Sealed the 9th April 1880, and dated the 11th October 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Tyler Barnsley Bennett
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th October 1879.
JOHN TYLER BArnsley Bennett, of 60, Anglesea Street, Lozells, Aston, in the
County of Warwick. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DOOR AND OTHER HINGES AND STOPS OR
REGULATORS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
The first part of my Invention consists in applying a spiral wire or other spring
to the pin or pivot of the hinge in such a way that it shall cause the flaps of the
hinge to close together. One method of making the hinge with such spring is by
having a space or aperture left in the knuckle part of the hinge, and to insert
therein a spiral spring of wire having each end bent back so that it shall pross
upon the flaps and hold them together with sufficient force to close the door to
which the hinge is affixed. If necessary for the spring to be hidden when the
hinge is open, I form an enlarged knuckle or lug on that part of the flap where
the spring is to lie, such lug being made to cover the spring.
A double action hinge may be made in the same way by having the middle flap
cast with the knuckles on each side, with a spring as described, to close each
joint.
Another part of my Invention consists in forming a flap or plate at right angles
to the rib or knuckle, and at such a distance from the knuckle as the thickness of
the door may require, to enable it to traverse through an arc of forty-five degrees
on each side.
I purpose to apply my Invention to every kind of hinge with such alterations
and modifications as may be required for each sort of hinge.
Another part of my Invention consists in applying a sliding plate or stop to the

page_text: latch box of a door, so that when the spring hinge closes the door it shall not latch
but can be readily opened without turning the handle; this plate I purpose making
in a variety of ways to suit all kinds of door latches.
Another part of my Invention consists in making a cam stop for fixing on the
lower edge of the door, so that the door may be made to stand open at any required
angle at will, but such cam stop will in no wise prevent the free opening or
shutting of the door, but is more especially for the purpose of counteracting the
effect of the spring hinge.
Another form of my Invention consists of a flexible spring wing-piece fixed to
work on the wire pivot of the hinge and having suitable recesses into which the
flaps of the hinge may engage so that the door may be held open by it when
required.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Tyler Barnsley Bennett in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th April 1880.
JOHN TYLER BARNSLEY BENNETT, of 60, Anglesea Street, Lozells, Aston, in the
County of Warwick. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DOOR AND OTHER HINGES AND STOPS OR
REGULATORS CONNECTED THEREWITH.”
Figure 1 is a back elevation in perspective of one form of hinge made after the
manner of my Invention, A, A, being the flaps; A', A', the lugs or knuckles; B, B,
the central pin or pivot shewn in dotted lines upon which the flaps work; C is a
coiled spring having each end bent outwards and placed upon the central pin B,
and taking the place usually occupied by one of the knuckles in ordinary hinges or
in a suitable recess; D, D, are the bent ends of the coiled spring pressing
upon the flaps to close them. This hinge is drawn as partly open for the con-
venience of shewing it in the Drawing, but the action of the spring would be to
close them together. Figure 2 is a side elevation also in perspective of a hinge
made in accordance with another part of my Invention; such hinge by the peculiar
form of its two flaps enables the one flap to travel through an are of forty five
degrees on each side of the position occupied by the fixed rib or flap. This fixed
flap has a plato formed upon it by casting or otherwise at any suitable angle for
the purpose of fixing it to the door jamb; on the other flap is cast a semi-
circular plate All made of such a shape and form as to take into its hollow part
the edge of the door upon which it is to be be fixed. In this Figuro A, A, A, are
the middle flaps or ribs; A", A", A", the flanges or plates fixed or cast upon them;
A', A', A', the knuckles; B, the centre pin passing through the knuckles and the
springs; C, C, are the coiled springs; D, D, the ends of the springs which engage with
the flaps of and close the hinge. In this hinge two springs are inserted so that the
door shall be closed from either side on which it may be opened. Another and
cheaper form of double spring hinge I purpose making by putting a middle flap to
the hinge described in Figure 1, and on each side of this flap to form knuckles for
right and left hand joints; this hinge therefore would have two pivots and two
springs and form a right and left hand spring binge of a very cheap and durable
kind. Figure 3 represents another form of this hinge but with single action joint
only. This hinge is suitable for gates in palisading or iron fencing and is made so as
to be bolted or otherwise fastened on to any kind of palisading. A, A, are the middle
ribs; A', A', the knuckles; A", A", being cap-like plates having other cap-like
plates having other cap-like plates A, A, which being bolted together as shewn
in the Drawings, can be firmly fixed upon the upright bar of an iron gate and fence
respectively. Figure 4 is a representation of my Invention as applied to a rising butt
hinge, in which the hinge is represented as being broken away so as to allow the
spring and centre pin to be seen; A, A, being the flaps; A¹, A', the knuckles; A",
the usual rising incline of the joint, the one knuckle being broken away at A¹ to
shew the spring and the centre pin, both of which are contained in the recess of the
moving flap. In this case the ends of the coiled spring are bent longitudinally
(instead of outwardly as previously shewn) and enter into holes made for the
purpose in the two flaps.
Figures 5 and 6 are two binges fitted with my Invention of a spring to close the
door, but, as in the case of a cupboard or other article of furniture or fixture having
doors, it may be necessary to have the door remain open at convenience, I therefore
put a spring or springs, as shewn in Figure C. I fix upon the centre pin at Fa
plate spring E of a shape almost like a quadrant, and at the two straight sides I
make recesses G, G, of such a shape that the edges of the hinge when the latter is
opened far enough, shall enter the recesses G, G, and thereby the hinge will be
held open until the action of the hand upon the door releases the spring. In many
cases it would be objectionable that the action of my spring hinge should always

page_text: latch the door, but it should close it effectually without, latching it. I therefore
apply another part of my Invention as shewn in Figures 7 and 8. In Figure 7
H, H, is the latch box; I is a spring clip with tongues J, J, made in such a form as
to hold the spring clip to the latch box and prevent the latch entering the box;
this clip is made so as to slide up and down the latch box out of the way of the
latch at will. Figure 8 represents another form of latch stop as applied to plates
of what are known as mortise locks; K, K, represents the latch plate; L, the cover or
latch stop; M, the pivot on which it swings; this latch stop can be moved in and out
of action by swinging it on the pivot M, and has the lip or edge slightly curved to
facilitate the sliding of the latch.
In applying my spring hinges to room doors it would sometimes be objectionable
for the door to always close, I therefore apply a door stop for the purpose of
stopping the door at any required angle. Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12 represent different
forms of my Invention in regard to door stops. In Figure 9, N represents the
foundation plate of the door stop; N₁, the bottom part of the edge of the door
upon which it is placed; O is the cam stop; P, the pivot upon which it turns; and Q
the pin or stud by which the stop O can be moved. The stop is shewn in the
Drawing as pressing on the floor and holding the door in position. The action of
moving the door will release this stop, and it can be readily brought into operation
again by placing it in the position shewn, either with the hand, or to prevent
stooping, the foot may be used. Figure 10 is another form of my improved door
stop which can be used also as a door fastener or burglar preventer. N is a base
plate having two flanges N1, N1, formed upon each side of the base plate, between
which is placed the stop O, O, having a square lug 0¹ cast upon it; through this
lug and through the two flanges a pin P is passed upon which the stop can be
turned up. The stop in this Figure is represented as pressing upon the floor R, and
S is a spring firmly riveted to the plate N and presses upon the square sides of the
Jug of the stop to hold it firmly in the position in which it may be placed. Figures
11 and 12 are two other forms of door stops, N being the base plate; 0, 0, the
stop in the form of a lever having a protuberance near P, P, the pin upon which
it works; Qis the stud to release the lever by; R represents the floor; S is a
spring firmly fixed upon the base plate O, O, and having a suitable shaped end to
press upon the lump formed on the lever near P. In some cases I insert a sniall
friction roller at that part of the lump on which the spring S presses for the purpose
of facilitating the moving of the lever. In some cases I apply a wire or cord to
the lever in such forms of stop as shewn in Figures 11 and 12, and connect the
same with the handle of the door latch in such a way that the turning of the handle
shall release the stop from the floor.
Having now fully described the nature of the several parts of my Invention, I
wish it distinctly understood that I do not claim those parts of hinges that are in
constant use and which I am compelled to show in the Drawings to illustrate my
Invention, nor do I limit myself either to the particular form shewn and described,
or to any special metal or inaterial, but I claim as new and of my Invention the
application of coiled and other springs, acting in the manner shewn and for the
purpose described, also the ribs, flanges, and caps, or their equivalents in connection
with binges, and I also claim the latch stops and door stop as new and of my
Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Tyler Barnsley Bennett, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of April, in the year of our Lord One