IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPING ENGINES
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 4th Jan., 1888
Complete Accepted, 10th Feb.. 1888
We WILLIAM HENRY BAILEY of the firm of W. H. Bailey and Company of the
Albion Works Salford in the County of Lancaster Brassfounder and GUSTAVE
LINDEMANN of the same place Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPING ENGINES, to be as follows
--
Our invention relates to improvements in pumps driven by steam or other fluid
under pressure the objects of our Invention being to improve the valve motion and to
otherwise improve and simplify the pumping engine.
In applying our Invention to a vertical pumping engine in which two single acting
steam cylinders and pistons and two rams are employed one piston rod and ram being
connected to the one crosshead and the other piston rod and ram to the other cross-
head we connect both crossheads by rods to a lover pivoted to the frame and we
employ two double piston valves in separate valve cylinders one placed near each
power cylinder the steam admission pipe is connected by branch pipes to both valve
cylinders and the steam admission and exhaust port in each power cylinder is placed
near the top cover and near the lower end of each power cylinder is an auxiliary
port or passage which when the power piston is almost at the end of its stroke is
uncovered to admit some steam below the lower head of its respective piston valve.
The exhaust escapes on the return stroke of the piston through the port at the upper
end of the cylinder through the valve cylinder below the upper head of the valve and
into the exhaust passage.
Each double piston valve is connected by a rod passing through a stuffing box to a
rocking lever pivoted at a point equidistant from the centre of each valve; when there
is steam pressure in either of the auxilary passages the equilibrium between the two
piston valves is destroyed which permits the boiler pressure to act upon and move one
of the valves and thus through the rocking lever and rods to reverse the position of
both valves. A hand lever may be connected to the rocking lever for moving the
valves if necessary.
The lower part of each power cylinder is open to the atmosphere to permit the escape
of steam or water from the auxiliary passages and the cylinders.

page_text: In an alternative arrangement ws dispense with the auxiliary passages and in their
place pivot the rocking lever to a compound or inverted T lever pivoted to the frame
or other stationary part. The opposite ends of this lever are connected by rods to a
lever or cross piece fixed on a stud which is connected to and receives a reciprocating
or oscillating movement from the piston and ram crossheads so that when this move-
ment is transmitted from the crosspiece by the before mentioned rods to the inverted T
or other lever the centre of the rocking lever is thrown alternately nearer first to ono
and then to the other valve cylinder thus destroying the equilibrium between the two
valves and allowing the boiler pressure to reverse the position of the valves as abovo
described.
The cushion is obtained by means of a projecting boss on the inside of the lower
cover of the cylinder the piston being hollowed out to fit over the boss enclosing when
down a quantity of air; this applies to both arrangements described.
In applying our Improvements to a pumping engine which has a single cylinder
with two pistons on the same rod instead of two single acting cylinders and pistons
as above described we employ the rocking lever pivoted on a centre combined with a
pair of piston valves with three heads each. The steam admission ports are placed at
or near each end of the cylinder and near these ports but further from the cylinder
ends are separate exhaust passages which are controlled by the central or third piston
head on each piston valve. The space between the exhaust passages and cylinder
covers insures a cushion of steam at each end of the cylinder. Two auxiliary
ports or passages are placed near the centre of the cylinder and each of these
ports is alternately uncovered to allow steam or other fluid to act under one or other
piston valve and destroy the equilibrium between the two valves thus allowing the
boiler pressure to reverse the position of the valves as before described.
In the centre of the cylinder is an opening to the atmosphere in order to permit
the escape of any waste steam or water and prevent excess of pressure between
the pistons.
Although we have described and prefer to use piston valves any other suitable form
of valve may be employed in combination with pistons upon which the steam or other
fluid under pressure acts to destroy the equilibrium between the two valves as above
mentioned.
In a modification of our Invention applied to a double acting cylinder with a single
piston we pivot the aforesaid rocking lover to one end of a pivoted lever the other end
of which is connected to a rod which is acted upon and moved by a striker on the
main piston rod or otherwise to alter the fulcrum of the rocking lever and allow the
position of the piston valves to be reversed. In this case the valves may have only
one piston each the steam or other fluid entering and the exhaust passing through the
same ports in the cylinder.
D

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumping Engines.
We WILLIAM HENRY BAILEY of the firm of W. H. Bailey and Company of the
Albion Works Salford in the County of Lancaster Brassfounder and GUSTAVE
LINDEMANN of the same place Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPING ENGINES, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained. in and by the
following statement:-
Our invention relates to improvements in pumps driven by steam or other fluid
under pressure the objects of our Invention being to improve the valve motion and to
otherwise improve and simplify the pumping engine.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect we will describe the accompanying three Sheets of Drawings reference being
had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
In applying our Invention to a vertical pumping engine illustrated by the two
views Figs. 1 and 2 in which two single acting steam cylinders a a¹ and pistons b
and two rams c c are employed one piston rod and ram e being connected to the
one crosshead d and the other piston rod 6¹ and ram c to the other crosshead d¹
we connect both crossheads d d by rods e e¹ respectively to the ends of a lover f
pivoted at to the framing g and we employ two double piston valves (one of which
is shown in the sectional view Fig. 2) in separate valve cylinders each placed near
one of the power cylinders a or a. The steam admission pipe j is connected by
branch pipes to both valve cylinders i i¹ and the steam admission and exhaust port
and passage k¹ (see Fig. 2) in each power cylinder a a¹ is placed near the top
cover as shown. Near the lower end of each power cylinder a a¹ is an auxiliary port or
passage (Fig. 2) which when its respective power piston is almost at the end of its
effective stroke is uncovered to admit some steam below the lower head of its piston
valve. The exhaust escapes on the return stroke of the power piston 6 through the
port & at the upper end of the cylinder a or a¹ through the valve cylinder i or below
the upper head of the piston valve h therein and into the exhaust passage k. Each
double piston valve h is connected by a rod h¹ passing through a stuffing box m
to a rocking lever n pivoted at a point n¹ equidistant from the centre of each
valve h.
b
When either of the power pistons b is at the bottom of its stroke and there is steam
pressure in its auxiliary passage the equilibrium between the two piston valves' is
destroyed and the boiler pressure of steam acting upon the underside of one of the
said valves moves it and by means of the rods h¹ and the rocking lever n reverses
the positions of both the valves thereby cutting off steam or other fluid under
pressure from one power cylinder and placing its port & in communication with its
exhaust passage and admitting steam from the pipe through the port k to the
other power cylinder the piston in which is forced downward until as it reaches the
limit of its effective stroke its auxiliary passage is uncovered and steam is permitted

page_text: to act on the underside of its piston valve h and reverse the position of both valves in
the manner already described.
A hand lever not shown may be connected to the rocking lever n for moving the
piston valves if necessary. The lower part of each power cylinder a a¹ has a passage o
open to the atmosphere to permit the escape of steam or water from the auxiliary
passages
and the cylinders a a¹.
In an alternative arrangement illustrated by Figs. 3 and 4 we close up or dispense
with the auxiliary passages (Figs. 1 and 2) and in their place pivot at pl the rocking
lever n to a compound or inverted T lever p which is pivoted at p' to the frame or
other stationary part. The opposite ends of this lever p are connected by rods r to a
lever or crosspiece t fixed on the stud which is by means of the lever and rods e e¹
connected to and receives a reciprocating or oscillating movement from the power
piston rods b' and ram crossheads d d so that when this movement is transmitted
from the crosspiece t by the rods to the inverted T or other lever p the centre of the
rocking lever n is thrown alternately nearer first to one and then to the other valve
cylinder or thus destroying the equilibrium between the two valves therein
and allowing the boiler pressure to reverse the position of the said valves as above
described.
In both the arrangements shown and described the desired cushion is obtained for
each power piston by means of a projecting boss s on the inside of the lower cover
of the power cylinder the piston b being hollowed out to fit over the boss s thus enclosing
when down a quantity of air or steam.
In applying our improvements to a pumping engine of the type illustrated by Fig. 5
which has a single steam cylinder a² with two pistons 62 63 on the same rod instead
of two single acting cylinders a a¹ and pistons 6 as described with reference to the
preceding Figures we employ the rocking lever n fulcrumed on a fixed centre at n¹ and
combined with a pair of piston valves with three heads each and fitted within the
valve cylinders 33. Steam is admitted to the chest by the pipe j and the steam
ports in connection with the steam chest jare placed at or near each end of the
cylinder a² and near those ports but further from the cylinder ends are separate
exhaust passages which are controlled by the central or third piston head on each
piston valve. The space between the exhaust passages and the cylinder covers a³
ensures a cushion of steam at each end of the cylinder. Two auxiliary ports or
passages are placed near the centre of the cylinders and each of these ports is
alternately uncovered during the traverse of the pistons 63 to allow steam or other
fluid under pressure to act under one or other of the piston valves ² ³ and destroy
the equilibrium between the two valves as before described. In the centre of the cylinder
is an opening o to the atmosphere in order to permit the escape of any waste steam or
water.
Although in each of the foregoing arrangements we have described and prefer to
use piston valves any other suitable form of valve may be employed in combination
with pistons upon which the steam or other fluid under pressure acts to destroy the
equilibrium between the two valves as above mentioned.
In the arrangements illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 instead of employing the
bosses s and hollowing out the pistons & so as to secure the necessary cushioning we
might have additional steam inlet passages near the ends of the cylinders and
control these passages by means of an additional head on each of the piston
valves so as to provide a cushion in the manner described with reference to
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6 illustrates a modification of our Invention applied to a double acting steam
cylinder a with a single piston b³.
In this arrangement we pivot the aforesaid rocking lever n to one end of a pivoted
lever t¹ fulcrumed at t the other end of the lever t¹ is jointed to a sliding rod u on
which are fixed two adjustable collars ; on the main piston rod 6 is secured a
striker w which during the traverse of the main piston comes against one or other of
the collars and so moves the rod u and pivoted lever t¹ thereby altering the position
of the fulcrum n¹ of the rocking lever n and allowing the positions of the piston

page_text: valves h h to be reversed. In this arrangement the valves h¹ h³ may have only one
piston head each as shown the steam or other fluid under pressure entering and the
exhaust passing away through the same ports k of which there is one at each end of
the cylinder. In this arrangement also we might employ an additional steam inlet
passage k at each end of the cylinder as in Fig. 5 and control them by means of an
additional head on each of the piston valves * h³.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim' is
1. In a pumping engine with two single acting power cylinders and two piston
valves for controlling the admission of steam or other fluid under pressure to said
cylinders we claim connecting the pistons of said valves to a rocking lever pivoted on
a stationary fulcrum and connecting the steam cylinders to the valve cylinders by
auxiliary passages for the purpose of supplying steam alternately to one or other of
the piston valves to destroy the equilibrium between the said valves and reverse their
positions substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
2.-Dispensing with the auxiliary passages mentioned in Claim 1 and the stationary
fulcrum for the rocking lever and instead pivoting the said rocking lever on an
inverted T lever or other suitable lever connected to and operated by the movement
of the rams substantially as and for the purposes described with reference to Figs. 3
and 4.
3. In a pumping engine two single acting power cylinders controlled by the valvular
arrangement herein shown and described or any other suitable arrangement in combi-
nation with two single acting rams the crossheads of which are connected together by
a rocking lever in such manner that the two rams work in unison substantially as
described and as illustrated by Figs. 1 to 4.
4. In a pumping engine the combination with the single power cylinder fitted with
a two headed piston, of auxiliary passages and an arrangement of piston valves
connected to a rocking lever pivoted on a stationary fulcrum substantially as and for
the purposes herein described with reference to Fig. 5.
5. In a pumping engine the combination with a double acting power cylinder
fitted with a single headed piston, of piston valves connected to a rocking lever pivoted
on a movable fulcrum operated from the main piston rod substantially as and for the
purposes herein described with reference to Fig. 6.
6. The several constructions combinations and arrangements of parts embodying
our improvements in pumping engines substantially as herein described and
as illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
Dated this 2nd dox of Tanz 1900
H. B. BARLOW,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester,
Agent for Applicants.