New OR IMPROVED MODE OF EXTRACTING COLORING MATTER FROM MADDER
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, of the Firm of
Robertson, Brooman, and Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the
City of London, Patent Agents, for the Invention of "A New
OR IMPROVED MODE OF EXTRACTING COLORING MATTER FROM MADDER."―
A communication from abroad by Alexandre Clavel, of Basle,
Switzerland
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Clinton Edgcumbe
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 22nd January 1868.
I, CLINTON EDGCUMBE BROOMAN, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman,
and Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF EXTRACTING COLORING MATTER FROM MADDER,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in extracting the coloring matter or properties
from madder by petroleum or other carburet of hydrogen in the presence

page_text: of mineral acids. I heat the petroleum or other carburet to 212°
Fahrenheit, and then I add the alizarine or flowers of madder brought
to a pasty or sticky consistency with about five times their weight of
hydrochloric or sulphuric acid. I allow the mixture to heat for an
hour or two, I filter it, and by the cooling the coloring matter will
precipitate from the petroleum which held it in solution.
The chief feature is the presence of the acids, without which the
alizarine or flowers of madder would yield to the solvents only a very
small part of the coloring matter or properties. The advantage of the
extraction of these products is to be able to apply the madder, that
is to say, the coloring matter or properties of madder directly in
printing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 22nd July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CLINTON
EDGCUMBE BROOMAN, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman, and
Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent bearing date the Twenty-second day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs, and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, Her
special licence, that I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others, as I, the said
Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF EXTRACTING
COLORING MATTER FROM MADDER," (communicated to me from abroad by
Alexandre Clavel, of Basle, Switzerland,) upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, my executors or

page_text: administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-.
This Invention relates to the extraction of coloring matter from
madder, flowers of madder, alizarine, or other substances obtained or
derived from madder, and consists in subjecting the same to the solvent
action of petroleum, and of the heavy oils derived from the distillation
of coal in conjunction with a mineral acid, such, for example, as
hydrochloric acid. I may mention that what I intend to be understood
by the term petroleums are the oils and naphthas derived from petroleum
and the light oils and naphthas derived from the distillation of coal.
In carrying out my Invention I take any of the hydrocarbons
previously mentioned, and add thereto about 5 per cent. of a mineral
acid, by preference hydrochloric acid. This mixed solution is then
raised to a temperature of about 212° Fahrenheit, and is allowed to come
in contact with and to percolate through the madder or other materials
before mentioned from which it is desired to extract the coloring
matter; such madder and other materials being contained in a suitable
apparatus, such, for example, as that now employed for effecting the
extraction of oil from seeds by means of a hydrocarbon or by means of
bisulphide of carbon as is well understood. The acidified hydrocarbon
is allowed to percolate through the madder and other materials until
the coloring matter has been extracted, when the solution is allowed to
cool, so that the coloring matter may separate therefrom. The coloring
matter is then to be collected either by filtration or otherwise, and in
order to separate any of the heavy oils which may remain mixed
therewith the mass is washed with light oils or naphthas, which are
solvents of the before-mentioned heavy oils. The residual coloring
matter is then submitted to an elevated temperature, so as to separate
any of the light hydrocarbons remaining. The coloring matter thus
obtained may be employed for the purposes of dyeing and printing,

page_text: as is well understood. The acidified hydrocarbon solvents after
having been separated from the coloring matter deposited on allowing
them to cool may again be employed, adding thereto such additional
proportion of acid as may be found desirable.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I
consider to be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein before in part recited Letters Patent is,
the extraction of the coloring matter from madder, madder flowers, and
other substances derived therefrom by means of any of the hydrocarbons
herein-before mentioned, or mixtures of the same in conjunction with
a mineral acid, substantially in the manner herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, have
hereunto set my hand and scal, this Twenty-second day of
July, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.