AN UNIVERSAL PUMP-PRESS WITH CONTINUOUS ACTION, CALLED CONTINUOUS PRODUCER.
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Felix Tussaud, Engineer, of Paris, in the Empire of
°
France, and of 16, Castle Street, Holborn, City, London, for the Invention
of "AN UNIVERSAL PUMP-PRESS WITH CONTINUOUS ACTION, CALLED CONTINUOUS
PRODUCER.'
Sealed the 30th June 1854, and dated the 11th January 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Felix Tussaud at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
January 1854.
I, FELIX TUSSAUD, Engineer, of Paris, in the Empire of France, and of
16, Castle Street, Holborn, City; London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN UNIVERSAL PUMP-PRESS. WITH CONTINUOUS ACTION, CALLED
CONTINUOUS PRODUCER,'" to be as follows, viz. :-
This pump press consists of a screw placed in the interior of a cylinder, or
of a cone adjusted with a soft friction on the great diameter of the helix;
moreover, one or several endless chains, or even a wheel with moveable teeth,
gearing in the thread or threads of the screw; whatever may be the forms or
dimensions, this screw, by the rotary motion it receives from any motive power,
causes this chain or chains, or this wheel, to move in one direction or another.
By this arrangement one may obtain at will, either a continuous press, a
forcing or suction pump, or indeed a pump uniting both qualities.
The endless chain or chains, or the wheel, or even wheels, after having
crossed the cylinder in the direction of the length, issue from the bottom of

page_text: the said cylinder by an openings or opening where they form, in a measure,
pistons. It is then casy to understand that each tooth of the chain of the
wheel gearing in the cylinder forms as many pistons as there are turns or
threads to the screw. These endless chains may be composed of links, of
which the joints may be made in the same manner as those of a chain of gall,
or in any other manner. These joints may be made in the centre of the
tooth, or only occur after a certain number of teeth, so that all the teeth of
the part of the chain 'engaged in the cylinder form pistons. This chain may
be of metal, or any suitable substance, india-rubber, gutta percha, etc. The
screw may have any dimension and any shape of thread. It must be kept
firm in the cylinder. The matters retained by the teeth of the chain, ratchet,
or wheel, must issue or be sucked through any opening made in the bottom of
the cylinder; however, the openings of entrance and exit may be made at any
part of the cylinder.
This Invention consists chiefly of the application of one or several chains
or ratchets, or wheels, with moveable teeth gearing, with one or several screws
contained in a capacity of any shape, which by their combined movements
may at will form either a continuous pump or an universal continuous press.
In both cases the applications are very numerous.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Felix Tussaud in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th
July 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FELIX
TUSSAUD, Engineer, of Paris, Empire of France, and of 16, Castle Street,
Holborn, (City,) London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Felix Tussaud, Her special licence that I, the said Felix Tussaud, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Felix
Tussaud, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN UNIVERSAL PUMP-PRESS WITH

page_text: CONTINUOUS ACTION, CALLED CONTINUOUS PRODUCER," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Felix Tussaud, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Felix Tussaud, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
This pump consists of a screw, or helix, or worm, placed inside a cylinder
or cone, which fits easily on the circumference of the screw, and of one or
more chains, or endless racks, or a wheel or wheels with moveable teeth, gear-
ing into the thread or threads, whatever may be the form or dimensions of
these threads. This screw being set in motion by any motive power, causes
this chain, or these chains, or else the wheel or wheels, to move in either one or
the other direction, i. c. backwards or forwards. This mechanical combination
may be used as may be desired, either as a continuous press, or as a force
pump, or as a suction pump, or else as a double acting pump. The endless
chain or chains, or the wheel, or else, if required, wheels, after having traversed
the cylinder in the longitudinal direction, come out through the bottom by an
aperture, or by apertures, in which they act like pistons as it were. Hence it
is obvious that each portion of a chain, or wheel, in the cylinder, forms as
many pistons as there are circumvolutions or turns of the screw thread round
its spindle. These endless chains may be made up of links in the same manner
as plate chains, or in any other suitable way. The joint may be in the space
between the teeth or in the middle of the tooth, or else there may be one
joint for a certain number of teeth, provided the joints be so arranged that the
teeth in the cylinder act like pistons. The chain or chains may be made of
metal, or of any other suitable substance, such as india-rubber, gutta percha,
or any other soft or elastic material, according to tho uses which this mecha-
nism is put to. When hard or pasty substances have to be treated by this
apparatus, no elastic packing will have to be applied to the wooden or metallic
chain; but if the matter to be treated by it is liquid, it is advisable to case the
chain in some elastic packing. The screw or worm may
have any
dimensions,
form, or number of threads desired. It is firmly retained in the cylinder by
running at one of its ends in a journal, and at the other on a pivot resting on
a set screw screwing into the bottom of the cylinder.
The matters retained, by the arrangement described, between the teeth of

page_text: the chain, rack, or wheels, have to be forced out of or drawn into the cylinder
by means of an opening or openings in the bottom of the cylinder. These
openings for admission or exit may, however, be made in any part of the pump
cylinder. The accompanying. Drawing represents in vertical section an ex-
ample. of this new mechanical arrangement. The cylinder a, which is made
of metal or any other sufficiently strong material, is bored out cylindrical, or
rather a little conical. The cylinder rests on a suitable frame; it is partly shut
by means of a piece a'; from which branches off an elbow a², on which is
fixed a draw plate or die, whose holes are formed to suit the article desired to
be produced, such as clay piping, or other plastic articles, or articles of con-
sumption, such as vermicelli, and so forth. The screw has exactly the same
diameter as the interior of the cylinder d. An endless chain c, is wound upon
the cylinders, or polygonal beams f. It traverses either part or the whole of
the hopper d, and passes through a groove made to that effect in the cylinder
a, the teeth of the chain exactly filling the spaces between the threads of the
screw b. As shewn in the Drawing, the upper part of the screw spindle may
have several arms whose plane is inclined to the axis of the spindle, the said
arms supporting a helical blade for the purpose of feeding the matter which is
to be acted upon by the screw b. It will be easily understood that a rotary
motion can be given to this screw b, either by means of a crank or of a pulley
keyed on the end of the shaft n and bevel gear m, as shewn in the Drawing.
In consequence of this rotary motion, all the teeth of the chain c, or chains,
act like pistons by keeping in contact with the threads and spindle of the
screw b, during the whole traverse; hence the pressure of the matter under
treatment will be borne by one of the flat ends or checks c' of the teeth in
the cylinder a, by the upper and under side of the threads, and also by the
cylinder and by the body of the screw b. I wish it to be understood that the
apparatus represented by the Drawing is to be considered merely as an example
of my Invention, for instead of using one chain several chains may be
adapted, also several screws or worms may be made to work in the same
cylinder or cone, or in any other suitable receptacle. The new mechanical
contrivance here described is applicable as a press of forcing apparatus, or as
a suction and forcing pump, acting continuously and at the same time.
For applying the apparatus to pumps each end of the cylinder or cone is
shut, and the suction takes place at one end, whilst the liquid is forced out at
the other, and vice versa. The grooves in the cylinder a, through which pass
the chain or chains c, may be packed with strips which are screwed up to
compensate for wear. Instead of the arrangement shewn, the hopper may be
placed perpendicular to the screw a, in a horizontal position; by means of which

page_text: This
arrangement any required speed may be given to the feeding screw.
mechanical contrivance, which I call universal pump-press or continuous pro-
ducer, can be made of any forms or dimensions, and of any sufficiently strong
material. It is applicable to all industrial operations where pressing, forcing,
or pumping is required, such as the manufacture of alimentary paste, such as
vermicelli; of artificial fuel; of endless candles, with or without wick; of
ceramic articles, such as bricks, pipes, &c.; india-rubber, gutta percha, and
similar articles; of lead, or zinc, wires, and pipes, &c.; and finally, as pump
or press for elevating and forcing all fluid, semi-fluid, or soft substances. This
pump having no valves is particularly applicable to raising and lowering the
cane juice and treacle in sugar manufactories, to emptying tanner's and other
pits, and also as a fire engine.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, I wish it to be under-
stood that what I claim is, the application of one or more chains, racks, or
wheels, with moveable teeth, gearing with one or more screws or worms
enclosed in a vessel of any form, which by their combined motions, above
described, may be made to act either as a continuous pump, or as an universal
continuous press, applicable to all cases in which pumps and presses are or
may be used.
In witness whereof, I, the said Felix Tussaud, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of July, in the year of our Lord 1854.
F. TUSSAUD. (L.S.)