Improvements in Bib and Stop Cocks.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 16th Sept, 1893-Accepted, 4th Nov., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bib and Stop Cocks.
I GEORGE LEONHARDT of 6 Damrak Amsterdam in the Kingdom of the
Netherlands Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide bib and stop cocks for use with all
manner of liquids and fluids that shall be very sure and certain in operation that
shall not be expensive in construction and not at all likely to get out of order and
that shall be extremely suitable for use with hot liquids and fluids and also with
liquids and fluids that are under a great or high pressure.
To carry out this object the casing of the bib or stop cock is made of any
convenient shape and size and of any suitable metal or material and at or about
the middle of this casing is made an internal horizontal or longitudinal diaphragm
or partition and the inlet end of the casing communicates with the space below or
on one side of the diaphragm while the exit end of the casing communicates with
the space above or on the other side of the diaphragm. In the middle of the
diaphragm or thereabouts is made an aperture of the desired size and round this
aperture of the same size and extending downwards into the space below the
diaphragm or towards the inlet end of the casing is a collar or sleeve. A disc is
made large enough to cover the aperture above or on the other side of the
diaphragm towards the exit end of the casing to which disc is fitted or wherewith
is made a spindle and an aperture is made in the walls of the casing in the proper
corresponding position through which the disc can pass and this aperture is closed
by a suitable cap or cover wherethrough the spindle passes being provided if
necessary with a packing gland and outside the casing the spindle terminates in
and as a convenient handle. On the other the under or inner side of the disc is
formed or thereto is secured a plug which exactly fits and passes through and along
the aperture in the diaphragm and the collar or sleeve therearound and round this
plug on the under side of the disc can conveniently be a ring or washer of some
suitable compressible material preferably fibre to act as packing and assist in
making this disc or valve tight when it is pressed down on the diaphragm. The
plug that passes through and along the aperture and its collar or sleeve is hollow
and the lower or outer end thereof is open and in and through the walls of this
hollow plug are made two or three or more narrow and vertical or longitudinal
slots or apertures each of which commences close to the open lower or outer end of
the plug but they are of different lengths one or more.being very short other one
or more being longer until the longest slot or slots terminates or terminate close
to the disc or the washer thereon and the upper end or ends of the longest slot
or slots as also it may be when desired of all of the slots is or are most con-
veniently tapered or lessened in breadth so that as this plug descends in the collar
or sleeve the streams or stream of liquid or fluid issuing through and from the
slots or slot may be gradually diminished before being entirely stopped whereby
any concussion even when the liquid or fluid is under very great or high pressure
is prevented.
This bib or stop cock is opened by raising the disc off its seat on the diaphragm
and the therewith formed or secured plug in its collar or sleeve when the liquid or
fluid entering the open end of the plug issues therefrom through the slots above the
diaphragm and passes away.
To raise: the disc and the plug it is perhaps most convenient to form a female
screw thread in the collar or sleeve and a corresponding male screw thread on the
plug although when preferred these screw threads may be formed on the spindle
.

page_text: and in the cap or cover aforesaid in which case it is preferable to so connect the
spindle with the disc that when the spindle is revolved the disc and its plug
are not revolved but are only raised or lowered or any other ordinary device or
appliances may be used for this purpose.
Dated this 21st dox of December 1800
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bib and Stop Cocks.
I GEORGE LEONHARDT of 6 Damrak Amsterdam in the Kingdom of the
Netherlands Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this my invention is to provide bib and stop cocks for use with all
manner of liquids and fluids that shall be simple and not expensive in construction
that shall also be very sure and certain in operation and not at all likely to
get out of order and that shall further be extremely suitable for use with hot
liquids and fluids and likewise with liquids and fluids that are under great or high
pressure.
In order the more clearly to explain this my invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed I refer to the accompanying drawing wherein Figure 1 is
a longitudinal section of a bib cock as constructed after and in accordance with one
style of fitment and arrangement of my invention and Figure 2 is a vertical or
longitudinal section and an horizontal or transverse section of the valve thereof
according to another style of fitment and arrangement of my invention.
The outer casing A of the cock is made in any convenient and usual or other
manner of any desired size and shape and of any suitable metal or material at or
about the middle of which casing A is made or fitted or wherewith is created or
formed an internal horizontal or longitudinal partition or diaphragm B and the
inlet end of the casing A. communicates with the space below or on the one side of
the diaphragm B while the exit end of the casing A communicates with the space
above or on the other side of the diaphragm B. In and through the middle of the
diaphragm B or thereabouts is made an aperture C of the desired size and
preferably perhaps in all cases and necessarily in some cases as will hereinafter be
explained of a circular shape round which aperture C and extending downwards
into the space below the diaphragm B or towards the inlet end of the casing A is a
collar or sleeve D of the same size and shape in transverse area as this aperture C
which sleeve D is preferably created or formed with the diaphragm B although
if and when desired it may be secured or attached thereto. A valve in the form of a
disc E is made of such a size and shape as properly to cover the aperture C and
seat itself thereover or thereon above or on the other side of the diaphragm B
towards the exit end of the casing A to which disc E is properly connected or
fitted as is customary or otherwise or wherewith is created or formed a spindle F
and an aperture H which preferably is large enough to allow the passage there-
through of the disc E can be made in the walls of the casing A in the proper
corresponding position which aperture H can be fitted for and with and can be
closed by a suitable cover or cap K wherethrough the spindle F passes being
provided if necessary or convenient with a packing gland L and outside the
casing A the spindle F terminates in and as any convenient and usual or other
handle G. On the other the under or inner side or face of the disc E is a plug M
which exactly fits and passes through and along the aperture C in the diaphragm B
and the sleeve D therearound which plug M is preferably created or formed with
the disc E although if and when desired it may be secured or attached thereto and
round this plug M on the underside of the disc E may very conveniently be placed
if and when desired a ring or washer N of some compressible or semi-compressible

page_text: material that will be suitable for use with the particular liquid or fluid that is to
pass through this cock such for example as fibre which washer N can act as
packing and assist in making this disc valve E tight when it is pressed down on
its seat on the diaphragm B. The plug M is hollow and the lower or outer end
thereof is open and in and through the walls of this hollow plug M are made two
or three or more narrow and vertical or longitudinal apertures or slots Peach of
which slots commences close to the open outer end of the plug M but they are
of different lengths one or more of the slots P being very short and other one or
more of the slots P being longer until the longest slot or slots P may terminate
close to the disc E or the washer N thereon if any and the upper end or ends of
the longest slot or slots P as also it may be if and when desired of the other slot
or slots P is or are most conveniently and preferably tapered or lessened in
breadth.
In this apparatus herein before described therefore when and as the valve of this
cock is being opened or that is to say when and as the disc E is raised off
and further off its seat on the diaphragm B and therewith the plug M ascends in
the sleeve D the liquid or fluid that enters the open outer end of the plug M first
issues from this plug M through the longest slot or slots P and then successively
and consecutively also through each and all of the other slots P as and when their
several upper ends ascend above the diaphragm B whereby the flow of the liquid
or fluid through this cock is gradually increased until when the valve thereof has
attained its arranged for and permitted highest or most open position this flow is
at its maximum. Conversely when and as the valve of this cock is being closed
or that is to say when and as the disc E is lowered nearer to and on its seat on
the diaphragm B and therewith the plug M descends in the sleeve D the
streams of the liquid or fluid that issue from this plug M through the slots P are
successively and consecutively diminished in number as and when the several upper
ends of these slots P descend below the diaphragm B and each stream of liquid or
fluid is also similarly diminished in volume when the upper ends of the slots Pare
tapered or lessened in breadth whereby the maximum flow of the liquid or fluid
through this cock is gradually decreased before it is entirely stopped. Thus by
and in the use of this cock no concussion or shock or jar will be occasioued or
produced by the opening or the closing of the valve of the same even when the
liquid or fluid is under very great or high pressure while obviously the liquid or
fluid whether it be hot or cold cannot attack the washer N if any while the valve
of this cock is closed nor will it necessarily or compulsorily greatly impinge against
or even perhaps touch and therefore it may be attack the same while this valve is
opened and there is no other part of this cock that ought to be or need be in any
wise obnoxious to such attack.
As is hereinbefore stated the valve of this cock is opened and closed by raising
and lowering the disc E off and on its seat on the diaphragm B and therewith
the plug M in the sleeve D and to perform these operations and to effect these
movements I may employ many and various ordinary and other methods and devices
in any customary or other manner.
According to one and perhaps on the whole the most convenient and preferable
style of fitment and arrangement for performing these operations and effecting these
movements a male screw thread is formed on the plug M and a corresponding and
complementary female screw thread is formed in the sleeve D as is shewn in
Figure 1 and in this case it is obvious that the aperture C in the diaphragm B
with the sleeve D therearound and the plug M must be of a circular shape in
transverse area and section to allow the plug M to revolve in the sleeve D and
that the spindle F must be formed with or be rigidly connected to the disc E to
cause the same with its plug M to revolve when this spindle F is revolved as is
desired.
According to another style of fitment and arrangement for performing these opera-
tions and effecting these movements the aforesaid male and female screw threads are
formed on the alus M and in the cleeve Das is hereinhefore described but

page_text: instead thereof are formed on the spindle F and in the cap K in the proper corre-
sponding positions when it would generally be advisable so to fit the spindle F in and
to the disc E and so to connect the same together in any convenient and ordinary or
other manner it may very suitably be as is shewn in Figure 2 that the disc E will not
revolve when the spindle F is revolved whereby the plug M will only slide length-
wise in the sleeve D and in this case it is also obvious that the aperture C in
the diaphragm B with the sleeve D therearound and the plug M need not
necessarily be of a circular shape in transverse area and section but may if and
when desired be of an oval or other convenient and suitable shape in such transverse
arca and section.
Although as a general rule it is preferable to employ male and female screw
threads as is herein before described to perform the aforesaid required operations
and to effect the aforesaid required movements as by these means and devices the
desired graduality of the opening and the closing of the valve of this cock must
obviously be ensured and rendered certain of accomplishment and it may be
enhanced and rendered still more regular and slow yet whensoever it may be
deemed advisable or expedient so to do these male and female screw threads may
be entirely dispensed with and the same effects and a similar action in the cock may be
produced by end wise or lengthwise movements of the spindle and therewith of the
disc with its plug which movements could be effected and governed by a lever or
other handle or by other suchlike and ordinary appliances in any convenient and
usual or other manuer and in this case also the aperture in the diaphragm with the
sleeve therearound and the plug may be of a circular or an oval or other convenient
and suitable shape in transverse area and section as may be desired.
In the same manner as is indeed sufficiently obvious this my invention would be
applied and fitted to and in a stop cock and no further description or explanation
is or can be needed.
It may sometimes however and perhaps more particularly in and with a stop-
cock be deemed expedient to reverse the action of this cock and the flow of the
liquid or fluid therethrough and to use what has herein before been described as
and what is shewn in Figure 1 to be the inlet end of the casing of the cock as and
for the exit end of the same and the exit end thereof as and for the inlet end of
the same in which case it is obvious that the effect and action of this apparatus
would be exactly the same as the effect and action herein before described except
that the liquid or fluid plainly would enter the plug through the slots in the walls
thereof and would issue therefrom through the open outer end thereof instead of
entering through this open outer end and issuing through these slots as is herein-
before described.
Although I preferably make the slots in the walls of the plug of different lengths
as is hereinbefore described and as is shewn in the accompanying drawing for
thereby the desired graduality of the increase and the decrease of the flow of the
liquid or fluid through this cock is greatly intensified and the actual commencement
and termination of such flow by the actuation of the valve of this cock are scarcely
perceptible and are reduced to a minimum in volume yet obviously it is not
absolutely essential and obligatory so to do for whensoever it may be deemed
desirable or convenient all these slots may be made of the same length and their
upper ends may be at the same level without nullifying or vitiating to any very
serious extent the effect and action of this apparatus as even in this case a certain
amount of graduality, in the increase and the decrease of the flow of the liquid or
fluid through, the cock will be maintained although the actual commencement and
termination of such flow, will be more abrupt and in greater volume.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a bib or stop cock the combination with a diaphragm B an aperture C in
the diaphragmn B and a sleeve D round the aperture C of a disc-valve E provided

page_text: with a spindle F and hollow plug M on the disc E with an open outer end and
slots P in the walls of the plug M substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described and declared.
2. The combination with the casing A of a bib or stop cock having a diaphragm B
with an aperture C and a surrounding sleeve D and formed with an aperture H
provided with a cap K of a disc valve E seated on the diaphragm B over the
aperture C and having an hollow plug M with an open outer end and slots P in its
walls which plug M passes through the aperture C and along the sleeve D and a
spindle F connected with the disc E to operate the same which spindle F passes
through the cap K and is provided with an handle G substantially as and for the
purpose herein before described and declared.
3. The bib or stop cock substantially as hereinbefore described and shewn in the
accompanying drawing.
Dated this 16th day of September 1893.
HART & Co.,
186, Fleet Street, London, E.C., Agents.