IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC PACKING OF PISTONS FOR CYLINDERS AND ROTATING MACHINES PUMPS BLOWERS, Fluid AND WATER METERS AS WELL AS FOR PISTONS RODS, SLIDERS AND VALVE BARS AND SUCH LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to August Spagl of Munich in the kingdom of Bavaria for
an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC PACKING
OF PISTONS FOR CYLINDERS AND ROTATING MACHINES PUMPS BLOWERS, Fluid
AND WATER METERS AS WELL AS FOR PISTONS RODS, SLIDERS AND VALVE
BARS AND SUCH LIKE PURPOSES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said August Spagi at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th May 1883.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
AUGUST SPAGL of Munich in the kingdom of Bavaria
THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC PACKING. OF PISTONS FOR CYLINDERS AND
ROTATING MACHINES PUMPS, BLOWERS, FLUID AND WATER METERS AS WELL AS
FOR PISTONS, RODS. SLIDERS AND VALVE-BARS AND SUCH LIKE PURPOSES
"
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of metallic leathern
or caoutchouc packing of pistons for cylinders and rotating machines, pumps,
blowers, fluid and watermeters as well as for piston rods, sliders valve bars and
such like purposes.
The construction of this metallic leathern or caoutchouc packing of pistons
consists of several wedges over lapping one another and being symmetrically
pressed by steam in their whole circuit on or against the inner sides of the cylinder
or outer casing and so ensuring steam tightness of the piston in cylinders and
rotating machines.
'
The wasting of the piston due to friction against the inner sides of the cylinders
or machines is taken up or supplemented by the continuous and automatic pushing
or forcing of the wedges of the packing against such other.
This metallic, leathern or caoutchouc wedge packing of pistons is constructed in
such a manner so that there is ensured steam tightness against the wedges
themselves as well as the surface of the piston body as the casing of the piston.
The piston fitted with these wedge packings is formed with movable cheeks on
account of its being able to have the surface of compression enlarged or reduced
according to necessity or to attain to increased tightness towards the said inner
sides of the cylinder or casing. In reversed manner that is when as a box-packing
serves for tightening piston rods slides and valve bars.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said August Spagl in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th November
1883.
"
AUGUST SPAGL of Munich in the kingdom of Bavaria 'IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF. METALLIC PACKING OF PISTONS FOR CYLINDERS AND ROTATING
MACHINES, PUMPS, BLOWERS, FLUID AND WATER METERS AS WELL AS FOR PISTON
RODS, SLIDERS AND VALVE BARS AND SUCH LIKE PURPOSES
"
The invention consists in improvements in piston packing made of metal leather,
india-rubber or other material and is applicable for cylinders pumps and rotary
engines, blowing-engines and so forth and is represented in the accompanying
drawings. Wherein Fig. 1 is a plan and Fig 3 a cross section of a piston for
cylinders and Fig 4 is a plan and Fig 6 a cross section of construction for rotary
machines and other applications.
'
4
The parts consist of a wedge or key a provided with straight or angular feathers
which correspond to the two guides or wedge recesses of the keys b and c and said
key a operates together with b and c on the one hand to avoid the gaps or
looseness arising from the wear and tear of the keys at their overlapping edges and
on the other hand to follow up with the keys b and c as they wear out on the
outer edges in such manner that notwithstanding, the wear and tear that must take
place the parts keep pressing outwards against the sides of the cylinder so as to
make it steam tight and notwithstanding the friction against the cylinder. The
piece b with its projecting arm wand the cheek or stop piece f overlaps the piece c
half way on its upper side and said cheek f is screwed on to the piston cover.-The
said piece f is made movable by loosening the attaching screw to allow the steam
when the engine is working faster to press proportionately with greater force on
the surface of the projecting arm w of key b and consequently the tightening
parts a, b, c are pressed harder against each other ensuring a better tightening
against the sides of the cylinders whilst the tightening parts can thus be regulated
by enlarging or diminishing their proportion as they wear out on the outer side.-
All these parts are provided with sloping or inclined surfaces to receive the
pressure towards the butt d of the piston body upon which they partly lay and (as-
shown in the isometrical views Figs 2 and 5) they are also cut diagonally so that
by their wedge shape they are forced to press against each other as well as against
the surface of the piston body and piston cover and thus to ensure the piston being
steam tight. The wedges a, b, c are for this purpose made out of cylinder shaped 3
rings as shown in Fig 1 and those of Fig 4. out of rods of a triangular section, see
Fig A, and arranged in such manner that when put together they form in section a
diagonally divided square see Fig B.-These keys may however with equal result
have a rectangular shaped section as shown in Figs C D E.-The space e forms the
steam space between the piston body d and the packing a, b, c and the steam 4
enters the same by means of small openings in the piston cover to press the said
parts outwards, g represents the boring for the piston rod in steam engines.-
Figs 7 and 8 are sections showing the overlapping keys b and c.-Fig 1 is a piston
ring with two or more straight or wedge shaped cuts and Fig 4 is a square with
two or more straight or wedge shaped cuts of the described sections in connection 4
with the wedge a used in automatic packing for pistons in steam and rotary
engines and similar machines or engines.
Fig. 9 represents the keys a, b, c in reversed form for the packing of piston rods,
slide-rods and valve rods.-Fig 10 is a cross section of Fig. 9.-Fig. 11. is an
isometrical view of the same and Fig 12 is a section of the two keys b and c,-h in 5

page_text: Figs 9 and 12 represents the piston rod or slide rod.-K, is the stuffing box with
the packing a, b, c laid in in layers and with a cover at the top as well as at the
bottom screwed on and ensuring the holding together of the parts. One of these
covers is also provided with small openings to allow the steam to enter in the
space e of the stuffing box by which is effected the automatic tightening of the
piston or other rods as well as the automatic regulation of the keys a, b, c as they
wear out. It is evident that the packing or tightening represented in Figs. 9, 10,
11, and 12 may also have the rectangular sections Figs C. D E.-This packing can
be used as shown in Fig 1. in all cylinder machines as for instance, gas, steam and
hydraulic engines, piston pumps, centrifugal pumps, and engines, cylindrical slides,
conical valves, and rotary engines on account of their ensuring sidewise steam
tightness. This packing shown in Fig. 4 is applicable with all rotary gas, steam
and hydraulic motors, rotary pumps, blowers, gas and water meters, oscillating
valves and pumps, hot air engines, turbines as well as to sliding steam cut off
valves and steam and water cut off valves.-For purpose of securing the tightness
of the sides of rotary machines and so forth the wedge pieces a, b, c, are only made
of rings of three cornered transverse section and may be so left.
Having thus described the nature and particulars of the said Invention.
I claim :-
Firstly. In piston packing or tightening device for cylinder and rotary
machines, blowers, gas and water meters, steam valves, steam and water cut off
apparatus the keys or wedge-pieces a, b, c, as shown in Figs 1 and 4 with inclined
surfaces of compression of sectional form as herein specified and shown for avoiding
gaps or breaks in the packing and for ensuring an automatic outward pressure of
the parts a, b, c, to compensate for the wear of the piston.
Secondly. The wedges provided with the part w in combination with the
movable cheek ƒ for regulating the surfaces of compression on the parts a, b, c of
the packing and effecting the increased tightening outward when the machine is
working at a higher rate as specified.
Thirdly. The keys of diagonal section to secure automatic steam tightness
against themselves as well as against the surface of the cover and the seatings as
herein shown and described.
Fourthly. The construction of wedge pieces a, b, c, out of rings according to
Fig 1 of a three cornered rectangular section, Fig A, for the sideway tightening in
rotary and oscillating machines either left as such or made to form a diagonally cut
Square Fig B.
Fifthly. The construction of keys a, b, c as shown in Figs 1 and 4. made of
rings and rods of rectangular, tee and double rectangular sections see Figs CD
and E as and for the purpose specified.
Sixthly. The combination in a piston packing of the wedge pieces a, b, c in
reversed form according to Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12 of the section shown respectively
in Figs. A, C, D or E as and for the purpose herein set forth.
In Witness whereof I the said August Spagl have hereunto set my hand and
seal this eleventh day of November in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.
AD LAY
τα
A STAGI
(1.8.)