IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Gadd, of Fisher Gate, in the Town
and County of the Town of Nottingham, Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Gadd at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 19th October 1852.
I, GEORGE GADD, of Fisher Gate, in the Town and County of
the Town of Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ROASTING
COFFEE" to be as follows:-
Heretofore coffee has for the most part been roasted in closed or
nearly closed vessels or apparatus placed over a fire, by which the
moisture cannot get freely away, but becomes decomposed by the heat
of the metal, and the products mixing with the coffee causes a disagree-
able odour and rankness. Now my Invention consists of a new
combination of parts by which these prejudicial effects are avoided.
The coffee is placed in a cylinder composed of rods of small diameter
fixed on circular end plates, which are placed on an axis, one end of

page_text: which turns in a suitable bearing at the end of the enclosed space
formed in the apparatus before a fire, and the other end turns in a
bearing on a standard at a distance, so that the cylinder may be slided
out of the enclosed space or chamber to be filled and emptied; and
when the cylinder is within the enclosed space or chamber it is caused
to turn with its axis, the arrangement being such that the cylinder is in
front of the fire, and the products from the coffee pass over the fire into
the flue above
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Gadd in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 19th April 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
GEORGE GADD, of Fisher Gate, in the Town and County of the Town
of Nottingham, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS: Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Gadd, Her special licence
that I, the said George Gadd, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said George Gadd, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said, George Gadd, by an instrument. in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Gadd, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described' and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof (that is to say):"
Heretofore coffee has for the most part 'been roasted in closed or
nearly closed vessels or apparatus placed over a fire, by which the
moisture cannot get freely away, but becomes decomposed by the heat
of the metal, and the products mixing with the coffee cause a disagree-
able odour and rankness. Now my Invention consists of a new com-
bination of parts by which these prejudicial effects are avoided. The
coffee is placed in a cylinder composed of rods of small diameter fixed
in circular end plates, which are placed on an axis, one end of which
turns in a suitable space formed in the apparatus before the fire, and the
other end turns in a bearing.on a standard at a distance, so that the
cylinder may slide on its axis out of the enclosed chamber to be filled
and emptied; and when the cylinder is within the enclosed space or
chamber it is caused to turn with its axis, the arrangement being such
that the cylinder is in front of the fire, and the vapours or products
évolved from the coffee during the process of roasting pass' over the
fire into the flue above. And in order that Invention
my
may be most
fully understood, and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe
the means pursued by nie...
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section; Figure 2, a transverse
section; Figure 3, shows an end view; and Figure 4, shows the
cylinder a, separately. In each of these Figures the same letters are
used to indicate similar parts. a, is a cylindrical coffee roaster, which I
prefer to be composed of two circular ends and rods of small diameter
fixed therein, as shown; part of the rods at a', being able to slide, in
order to allow of the cylinder ȧ, being charged and discharged through
the opening thereby produced. .b, is a square axis, whichi turns in
bearings, one at the end of the frame, or enclosed or covered compart-
ment of the apparatus within which the cylinder a, works, and the
hanning at Al which is at a distance

page_text: from the other parts of the apparatus, in order to admit of the cylinder
a. being slided on its axis out from before the fire, when it is desired
to discharge and recharge the same. c, is a handle on the axis, by
which motion is communicated to the cylinder a. The fire-place d, is
as long as the cylinder a, and it will be seen that the arrangement and
construction of the apparatis are such that the cylinder a, revolves in
front of the fire. The outer casing in front of the fire covers the
cylinder a, at the upper part, and also at the front and two ends, by
which any vapours or products evolved from the coffee during the
process of roasting will pass over the fire into the flue. f, f, are two
half doors, which close the opening through which the cylinder passes
into the covered chamber in front of the fire. The upper part of the
enclosed compartment of the apparatus where the fire and cylinder a,
are contained, being all closed at top, a passage e, to the flue is applied,
by which all the products from the fire and from the coffee pass.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not claim
any of the parts separately, nor do I confine myself to the precise
details so long as the peculiar character of my Invention, as herein
described, be retained. But what I claim is, the combination of
apparatus herein explained for roasting coffee.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Gadd, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
Witness,
W* ENFIELD, Sol., Nottingham.
RICH KEATING, his clerk.
GEORGE GADD. (L.S.)