IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BREAKING STONES, CEMENT, CLINKERS, or SUBSTANCES." OTHER HARD
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Burge, of Victoria Street, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, and James Hall, of Strood, in the
County of Kent, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR BREAKING STONES, CEMENT, CLINKERS, or
SUBSTANCES."
OTHER HARD
Sealed the 20th April 1875, and dated the 26th October 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Burge and
James Hall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 26th October 1874.
We, GEORGE BURGE, of Victoria Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, and JAMES HALL, of Strood, in the County of Kent,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BREAKING STONES, CEMENT, CLINKERS, OR
OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The machinery usually employed for breaking stone and other hard
substances is of very massive structure, in consequence of the great
strength that is required to resist the strain to which some of the parts

page_text: are subjected when the machine is employed to operate upon very hard
substances, such as granite or flint stones. Owing to the massive
character of this class of machinery (as usually constructed) it is very
heavy and consequently is difficult of transport, and it is also
unnecessarily expensive.
It is the object of the present Invention to materially strengthen such
parts of the machine as are liable to strain, and at the same time to very
considerably lighten the whole machine by reducing the weight of those
parts which are not subjected to great strain. By constructing the
machine in this manner it may (when taken to pieces) bc casily carried 1
on the backs of beasts of burden, and thereby transported to situations
to which it would be difficult if not impossible to carry machines of the
ordinary construction.
5
The operative part of the machine consists of two swinging jaws
suspended from suitable bearings above, and connected by distance 1
pieces or braces made of wrought iron. One of the swinging jaws is
capable of adjustment nearer to or further from the other, by means of a
wedge-shaped piece which may be raised or lowered by means of a screw
and nut. The jaw to which this adjustment is adapted is moved forward
towards the other jaw by means of an eccentric on the main shaft. The
other jaw is worked or actuated by means of a wrought-iron strap which
passes round a strong pin or stud projecting from the lower part of the
jaw. These straps (there being one on each side of the machine) also
pass round an excentric on the axle of, the excentric which works the
other jaw, these parts being so arranged that the movable swinging jaws 2
alternately advance towards and recede from cach other, so that any
hard substanco that may be between them will be subjected to a very
powerful nip, and will be thereby cracked or broken.
.
In order to reduce the friction of the rotating parts and rubbing
surfaces, the bearings are provided with a number of loose rollers of two a
different sizes (large and small) on which the excentric shaft rests.
These rollers are arranged alternately large and small round the shaft,
and consequently reduce the friction to a minimum and prevent the
necessity for lubricating the bearings in the usual manner.
It will be understood that as the wrought-iron straps will take all the 3
strain that is put upon the swinging jaws there will be no necessity for
making the side standards so massive as usual. In fact they only need

page_text: to be strong enough to properly support the several parts in their
bearings. By this means the weight and consequent cost of the machine
is very considerably reduced.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Burge and James Hall in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 26th April 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, GEORGE
BURGE, of Victoria Strect, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer,
and JAMES HALL, of Strood, in the County of Kent, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said George Burge and James
Hall, Her special licence that we, the said George Burge and James
Hall, our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said George Burge and James Hall, our executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
for Breaking STONES, CEMENT, CLINKERS, OR OTHER HARD SUBSTAnces,” upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said George Burge and
James Hall, our exccutors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Burge, on behalf of myself
and of the said James Hall, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be.

page_text: particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say)
The machinery usually employed for breaking stone and other hard
substances is of very massive structure in consequence of the great
strength that is required to resist the strain to which some of the parts
are subjected when the machine is employed to operate upon very hard
substances, such as granite or flint stones. Owing to the massive
character of this class of machinery (as usually constructed) it is very
heavy and consequently is difficult of transport, and it is also
unnecessarily expensive.
It is the object of the present, Invention to materially strengthen such
parts of the machine as are liable to strain, and at the same time to very
considerably lighten the whole machine by reducing the weight of those
parts which are not subjected to great strain. By constructing the
machine in this manner it may (when taken to pieces) be easily carried
on the backs of beasts of burden, and thereby transported to situations
to which it would be difficult if not impossible to carry machines of the
ordinary construction.
In the accompanying Drawings we have shewn various views of a
stone breaking or crushing machine constructed according to our Inven-
tion. Fig. 1, Sheet I., is a side elevation of the machine; Fig. 2 is a
plan view of the same; and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section.
b
The operative part of the machine consists of two swinging jaws a
and suspended from suitable bearings above, and connected by distance
pieces or braces c, c, made of wrought iron. One of the swinging jaws a
is capable of adjustment nearer to or further from the other by means of
a wedge-shaped piece d which may be raised or lowered by means of a screw
and nut, as shown at Fig. 3. The jaw a to which this adjustment is adapted
is moved forward towards the other jaw 6 by means of an excentric e on
the main shaft. The other jaw 6 may be worked or actuated by means
of the wrought-iron braces or straps c which pass round strong pins or
studs 6 projecting from the lower part of the jaw. In this case these
straps c (there being one on each side of the machine) would be made
to pass round excentrics on the ends of the axle of the excentric e which
works the other jaw a, these parts being so arranged that the movable
swinging jaws a and b would alternately advance towards and recede
b

page_text: from each other, so that any hard substance that may be between them
will be subjected to a very powerful nip, and will be thereby cracked or
broken.
If preferred one of the jaws may be stationary while the other moves
to and fro or advances and recedes as just described, but in all cases
the strain on the jaws is taken by the straps c, c.
In order to reduce the friction of the rotating parts and rubbing
surfaces the bearings are provided with a number of loose rollers of two
different sizes (large and small) on which the excentric shaft rests. At
Fig. 4 is shewn on an enlarged scale one of the excentrics and its shaft
surrounded with the antifriction rollers g, g; Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view
of the excentric shaft showing the recessos g¹, g¹, in which the rollers are
placed. These rollers are arranged alternately large and small round the
shaft, and consequently reduce the friction to a minimum, and prevent
the necessity for lubricating the bearings in the usual manner.
The pivots a², b², on which the jaws a and bare suspended are confined
between a pair of wrought-iron straps or braces c* one on each side, and
it will therefore be seen that as the wrought-iron straps c and c* will
take all the strain that is put upon the swinging jaws a and b, there will
be no necessity for making the side standards of the machine h, h, so
massive as usual. In fact the standards only need to be strong enough
to properly support the several parts in their bearings. By this means
the weight and consequent cost of the machine is very considerably
reduced. Motion is communicated to the several working parts by
means of bands passed round the fly wheel pullies i, i.
The whole machine may be mounted on running whools j, j, as shewn
at Figures 1 and 2, for the convenience of transport if desired, or the
working parts may be mounted in a light stationary framing, as shewn
at Fig. 3, and may be taken apart and transported in pieces when
desired.
In Sheet II. Fig. 6 is a sectional plan view, and Fig. 7, a sectional
elevation of a modification of the arrangements of parts just described
and shewn at Figures 1, 2, and 3. In this instance the upper strap or
bridle piece c* shewn at Fig. 1 is dispensed with, and the pivots of the
vibrating jaws, both of which move, are confined in a slot or groove
made in the long horizontal head piece of the framing as indicated by
dots in Fig. 7.

page_text: If the machine is intended to be a fixture the-arrangement shewn at
Figures 6 and 7 will answer very well, but if it be required to be portable,
then the arrangement shewn in Sheet I. is preferable as being lighter,
and therefore more easily transported from place to place.
Having now described our Invention of "Improvements in Machinery
for Breaking Stones, Cement, Clinkers, or other Hard Substances," and
having explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, we claim
as the Invention secured to us by Letters Patent as aforesaid, the
adaptation to the cracking or breaking jaws of stone breaking or other
analogous machines of wrought-iron straps or bridle picces for the 1
purpose of resisting the strain to which the working parts are exposed,
and taking it off the side frames as herein set forth.
ro.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Burge, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-fourth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
]