Improvements in Saddles for Top or Drawing Rolls of Spinning Machines.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Feb., 1888
Specification Accepted, 16th Mar., 1888
Improvements in Saddles for Top or Drawing Rolls of Spinning
Machines.
A communication from abroad by GEORGE AARON METCALF, of Woonsocket, in the
State of Rhode Island, United States of America.
I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the saddles of top or drawing rolls of spinning machines,
and consists in providing such saddles with bearing blocks of plumbago or mainly
of plumbago, projecting or arranged to constitute the sole bearing faces for the
journals of the top rolls, and also in providing the said saddles with sockets to receive
the said blocks and with openings arranged to permit the ready withdrawal of said
blocks when they have to be renewed as fully set forth hereinafter, and as illus-
trated in the accompanying drawing, in which
Fig. 1 is a cross section of a set of top rolls showing the saddles resting thereon.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of a saddle with sockets and recesses for the
reception and ready dislodgment of the bearing blocks.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 1-2, Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is an inverted plan view of the saddle, Fig. 2.
Heretofore where the saddle bearings for top rolls of spinning machines have
been lubricated by means of oil or other fluid or semi-fluid lubricating materials,
it has been found almost impossible to prevent the injury to the yarn by the spreading
of the Inbricant which also invariably finds its way to the surface of the rolls and
injures the covering of the latter.
These results and the defects in the drawing which also result should the bearings
become dry, as will occasionally happen, have caused many efforts to be made with
the view of securing a proper bearing without the use of a lubricant of such a
character as must be supplied from time to time or which is capable of flowing to

page_text: the rolls or of being deposited upon the yarn. For instance, raw hide, impreg
nated wood, metal bearings having recesses for lubricants and various other means
have been used or attempted to be used for such purposes, but so far as my corre-
spondent is aware no bearing has yet been devised capable of prolonged use or
available under heavy pressure without the employment of a removable lubricant,
such as tallow, oil, powdered plumbago, or other substance, liable to injure the yarn
or the rolls or both.
To overcome these objections, as well as to secure other advantages, the roll
bearing is made in the form of a hard block of plumbago or plumbago composition
secured to or supported by the saddle, with its face projecting beyond the saddle in
such manner as to constitute the sole bearing for the journal of the top roll.
An arrangement of rolls and saddles is shown in Fig. 1, in which A is the top
roll having the usual covering B of india rubber or other elastic material; C is one
of the saddles provided at one end with a bearing D, projecting beyond the face of
the saddle and bearing upon the journal a of the top roll, while the opposite end of
the saddle C bears upon the top of the saddle C₁ which has its bearings upon the
journals b, d of the rolls B, B1, the saddle C also having plumbago blocks D inserted
therein to constitute the bearing for the journals.
The blocks D are preferably of plumbago cut to the proper shape and fitted in a
recess or socket æ in the underside of the yoke which socket extends nearly or com-
pletely across the yoke so that practically no portion of the latter will constitute a
bearing face or bear upon the journal in consequence of the wearing away of the
bearing block. These blocks may be circular, as shown at the right in Fig. 4, or
oblong as shown at the left in said figure.
As the blocks wear away it is necessary to replace them from time to time, and to
avoid the necessity of removing the yokes from the machine, and boring out the
bearing blocks I make perforations or openings y, leading from the top of the yoke
to each socket through which perforation a suitable tool may be introduced to drive
the block D out of the socket.
The plumbago blocks have proved in practice to be capable of extended use without
the employment of any other lubricating material whatever, as the said blocks are
hard and solid, they do not wear away like soft compositions so as to produce a
powder capable of injuring the yarn, they do not cut the journals and can be readily
inserted and replaced when wanted.
If desired the blocks may be inserted in dove tailed sockets as shown in connection
with the saddles in Fig. 1, in which case they may be removed by driving them
laterally from their sockets, it is preferred, however to use the arrangement before
described and illustrated in the other figures.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the saine is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:
1. The saddle of a top roll of a spinning machine provided with a bearing block of
plumbago projecting beyond the saddle to constitute the entire bearing surface for
the journal of the roll, substantially as set forth.
2. A saddle for the top roll of a spinning machine, provided with a socket to
which is adapted a detachable block of plumbago constituting the bearing of the top
roll journal, substantially as set forth.
3. The saddle for the top roll of a spinning machine, provided with a socket
holding a hard block of plumbago and with a perforation y from the top of the
saddle to the said socket, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 12th dov of Fab 18Se
PHILIP M. JUSTICE.