IMPROVEMENTS IN PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Ely Hargrove, of the City of York,
Printer, and Ralph Richardson, of Hartlepool, in the County
of Durham, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Ely. Har-
grove and Ralph Richardson at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 6th October 1853.
We, ALFRED ELY HARGROVE and RALPH RICHARDSON, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention or "IMPROVEMENTS IN MA-
CHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRINTING" to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to communicate to the table on which
the form of type is placed a reciprocating or backward and forward
motion by more simple means than those usually adopted. This
object is effected by means of an excentric or cam wheel, on the
periphery of which is a groove in which works a pin attached to the
under side of the travelling table. This cam wheel is mounted obliquely

page_text: on a horizontal shaft immediately below the table, and its inclination is
such that, measuring from one extremity of the cam or excentric to the
other, the horizontal distance will be exactly that which the table will
be required to traverse to and fro to take in the paper, print the
same, and deliver the printed sheet. The impression surfaces are
adapted to the periphery of a cylinder, and any convenient number of
impression surfaces, say from two to eight, according to the require-
ments of the machine, may be employed. A large toothed wheel on
the axle of the main cylinder gears into a smaller wheel below, on the
axle of which is a mitre or bevil wheel drives a similar wheel on the
axle of the excentric, and by the excentric groove acting on the pin
under the table the rotary motion of the cam or excentric commu-
nicates a reciprocating motion to the table on which the form is
placed. If preferred, the motive power may be communicated to
the shaft or axle of the excentric or cam instead of to the impression
cylinder.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Ely Hargrove and Ralph Richardson
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th April 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
ALFRED ELY HARGROVE, of the City of York, Printer, and RALPH
RICHARDSON, of Hartlepool, in the County of Durham, Engineer, send
greeting:
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seven-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Alfred Ely Hargrove and Ralph
Richardson, Her special licence that we, the said Alfred Ely Hargrove
and Ralph Richardson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said Alfred Ely Hargrove and Ralph Richard-
son, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree

page_text: upon the
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, ex-
ercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRINTING,"
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Alfred Ely Hargrove and
Ralph Richardson, by an instrument in writing under our hands and
seals, or under the haud and seal of one of us, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Ely Hargrove, on behalf
of myself and of the said Ralph Richardson, do hereby declare the nature
of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say):
The object of this Invention of improvements in machinery or
apparatus for printing is to communicate to the table on which the.
form of type is placed a reciprocating or backward and forward motion
by more simple means than those usually adopted. This object is
effected by means of an excentric or cam wheel or drum, on the
periphery of which is a groove or feather in or against which works a
pin or pins attached to the under side of the travelling table. The
groove or feather on the periphery of this cam wheel is made in an
oblique direction on the perphery. Or a cam wheel might be mounted
obliquely on a horizontal shaft immediately below the table, the
inclination of the cam groove or feather being such that, measuring
from one extremity of the cam or excentric to the other, the horizontal
listance will be exactly that which the table will be required to traverse
to and fro to take in the paper, print the same, and deliver the printed
sheet. The impression surfaces are adapted to the periphery of a
cylinder, and any convenient number of impression surfaces, say from

page_text: two to eight, according to the requirements of the machine, may be em-
ployed. A large toothed wheel on the axle of the main cylinder gears
into a smaller wheel below, on the axle of which is a mitre or bevil wheel
which drives a similar wheel on the axle of the cam drum or excentric,
and by the excentric groove or feather acting on the pin or pins under
the table the rotary motion of the cam or excentric will communicate
a reciprocating motion to the table on which the form is placed. If
preferred, the motive power may be communicated to the shaft or axle
of the excentric or cam drum instead of to the impression cylinder.
In order, however, that our Invention may be more clearly under-
stood we have shewn in the accompanying Drawing various views of a
printing machine constructed according to our improvements..--Fig. 1,
is a side elevation of the machine complete; Fig. 2; is a plan view;
and Fig. 3, is a longitudinal vertical section; Fig. 4, is a transverse
vertical section, shewing some of the principal working parts. a, a, a, a,
is the framework of the machine; b, b, is the feeding table, on
which is placed the paper to be printed; c, c, is the large impression
cylinder, which may be provided with two or more impression surfaces,
so that at every rotation of the cylinder two or more impressions may
be printed; d, d, is the travelling table on which the form of type is
placed. The right hand end of the table d, as seen in Fig. 3, serves as
a distributing table for the ink, and transfers ink from the ink trough e,
to the distributing rollers e*, e*, and the inking rollers f,f. On the
axle of the large impression cylinder is a large spur wheel g, (Fig. 1,)
which gears into an intermediate wheel h, both of which are driven by
the toothed wheel i, on the axle of which is a bevil wheel j, (Fig. 3,)
that gears into and drives a similar wheel, on the axle of the cam
drum . It will be seen on referring to Figs. 2, and 3, that the
perphery of this drum is provided with a feather *, which extends
from end to end of the drum in an oblique direction, and against the
sides of this feather bear pins m, m, which are secured to the under
side of the travelling table d, d. This table is mounted on rollers
which run on the rails n, n, and is traversed to and fro by the rotation
of the cam drum l, which acts against the pins m, m. Spiral springs 0, 0,
placed on rods below the travelling table assist by their elasticity in

page_text: bringing the table to its normál position, as will be well understood by
machine makers. Ink is supplied to the inking table d, from the
fountain e, by means of a doctor roller, which is mounted in arms;
secured to a rock shaft q, and is made to vibrate up and down by
means of a connecting rod and a crank or excentric, on the shaft of
the cám drum l, as seen in Fig. 2. By the rotation of this crank r;
the doctor roller 2, is made to move up and down, so that at every
backward motion of the table d, the doctor roller will be brought in
contact with the inking table and transfer the required quantity of ink
thereto. The fountain roller of the ink trough has a slow rotary
motion communicated to it by means of a band or strap coming from
any convenient part of the machine.
The operation of the machinery is as follows:-A sufficient quantity
of paper having been placed upon the table b, is fed to the machine
sheet by sheet by the feeding boy, and is carried into the machine by the
feeding roller v, at one end of the arm or lever v, as seen in Fig. 8; the
roller u, being made to rotate by friction of contact against the large
cylinder whenever it is depressed by the action of-the cam w, against
the end of the lever . Motion being communicated to the large
cylinder, the sheets of paper are carried by the cylinder round to the
forin of type placed on the table d, below, where the paper will receive
the impression, and be then delivered on to the table t, by means of
the arrangements of tapes shewn in the Drawing. The impression
having been completed, the table and form is drawn back by the fea-
ther on the cam drum acting against the pins m, m, on the under
sile of the table, and during its backward movement the form will
pass under the inking rollers fif, and will receive a fresh supply of ink,
while the inking table will at the same time receive a fresh supply
from the doctor roller p. The table will then again travel back, by
which time the second impression surface of the printing cylinder will
have come around with a second sheet of paper ready to take another
impression from the form.
Having now described our Invention of "Improvements in Machinery
or Apparatus for Printing," we wish it to be distinctly understood that
although we have shewn and described the best means with which we

page_text: are at present acquainted for carrying the same into effect, we do not
mean or intend to confine ourselves rigidly to the precise arrangement
or construction of parts herein shewn and described, as they may
doubtless be varied without departing from the nature and object of
our Invention; nor do we intend to claim as of our Invention such
parts herein shewn and described as may have been used for similar
purposes; but that which we consider to be new, and therefore wish to
claim as the Invention secured to us by Letters Patent as afore-
said, is,―
Firstly, the means herein shown and described, or any mere modifi-
cation thereof, for communicating motion to the travelling table d;
and,
Secondly, we claim the use of an impression cylinder provided with
two or more impression surfaces, and also the means shown of actuating
the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Ely Hargrove, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Fourth day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
ALFRED ELY HARGROVE. (L.S.)
Witness to the signing hereof by the
said Alfred Ely Hargrove,
LUKE THOMPSON,
Sol, York.