IMPROVEMENTS IN METERS, PUMPS, OR OTHER ENGINES FOR WATER OR OTHER LIQUID
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Willmer Pocock, of Pimlico, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN METERS, PUMPS, OR OTHER ENGINES FOR WATER OR OTHER LIQUID."
Sealed the 2nd December 1870, and dated the 6th June 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Willmer Pocock
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 6th June 1870.
I, ALFRED WILLMER Pocock, of Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iи-
PROVEMENTS IN METERS, PUMPS, OR OTHER ENGINES FOR WATER OR OTHER
LIQUID," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to improved arrangements of parts in
double cylinder meters or other liquid engines whereby their con-
struction is much simplified, and whereby they are caused to work with
greater freedom or accuracy; secondly, to a mode of insuring a smooth.
surface on the interior of the cylinders for the pistons to act against,

page_text: without the necessity of having to bore and polish the interior as is
usual.
The first part of the Invention consists in arranging two or more
sliding valves on or to the ports leading to each cylinder, so that the
valves are caused to move to and fro over the ports by eccentrics or
other appliances on a rotating crank, spindle, or shaft, to which the
piston rods are connected, and so that as the upper or lower section of
one or both of the cylinders is being emptied the other is being filled
under the pressure of the head of water, the rise and fall of the pistons
in the cylinders causing the cranks to turn the spindle or shaft, and thus
by means of the eccentric or other appliance move the valves in regular
order. The surfaces on which the valves move being by preference at
an angle and by preference at right angles to each other.
To accomplish the second part of my Invention I make the inner
diameter of the cylinder a little larger than is required when finished,
and I place a truly cylindrical and smooth block in the centre of it,
leaving a space all round between them. Into this space I pour molten
metal of any suitable kind, which when cold and firmly set is sufficiently
smooth for the piston to work against without any leakage taking place.
The block can be removed by hydraulic or other power. I propose to 1
form recesses at the end or ends of the cylinder, so that the edge or
edges of the lining metal may be kept secure.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Willmer Pocock in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 6th December 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
WILLMER POCOCк, of Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-third year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Alfred Willmer Pocock, Her special licence that I, the

page_text: said Alfred Willmer Pocock, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Alfred Willmer Pocock, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
5 therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
METERS, PUMPS, OR OTHER ENGINES FOR WATER OR OTHER LIQUID," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Willmer Pocock,
) my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Willmer Pocock, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, roference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
This Invention relates, firstly, to improved arrangements of parts in
double cylinder meters or other liquid engines whereby their construction
is much simplified, and whereby they are caused to work with greater
freedom or accuracy.
Secondly. To a mode of insuring a smooth surface on the interior of
the cylinders for the pistons to act against without the necessity of
having to bore and polish the interior as is usual.
The first part of the Invention consists in arranging two or more
sliding valves on or to the ports leading to each cylinder, so that the
valves are caused to move to and fro over the ports by eccentrics or
other appliances on a rotating crank, spindle, or shaft to which the
piston rods are connected, and so that as the upper and lower sections of
one or both of the cylinders are being emptied the other is being filled
under the pressure of the head of water, the rise and fall of the pistons
in the cylinders causing the cranks to turn the spindle or shaft, and
thus by means of the eccentric or other appliance move the valves in

page_text: regular order. The surfaces on which the valves move being by
preference at an angle, and by preference at right angles to each other.
The first part will be understood by referring to the annexed Sheet of
Drawings, in which Figure 1 is a sectional view of a meter arranged
with two cylinders A and B, in which pistons or plungers C, D, work by
the pressure of the water or other liquid admitted thereto, by this means
the cranks E, F, and crank shaft G, are turned, and consequently the
index or registering mechanism attached to the spindle H, so that each
up or down throw of one or of both pistons is indicated on the dial.
The crank shaft is fitted with eccentrics I, J, and their rotation causes
slide valves K, L, to uncover ports or passages M, N, O, P, by which the
liquid is to be admitted to the cylinders A, B; it also covers other parts
Q, R, by which the liquid is allowed to, escape to be drawn off aș
required. It will be seen that the valves are of the ordinary shape, and
that they are moved to and fro over the ports by eccentrics, but I do not
timit myself to that mode of actuating them, as cranks or other appliances
may be used, as found most convenient.
I prefer, as before stated, that the angles of the valve faces should be
at right angles to each other, but that is not essential in all cases, as
they may be at any other angle, as circumstances may dictate.
En the Drawings I have shewn the cylinders as fitted with hoods S, so
as to inclose the crank shaft and the registering gear T, but they may be
open, in that case the piston or plunger rods would require connecting
rods to work the cranks, that arrangement would necessitate a greater
number of parts and also extra packing to keep them free from leakage.
In the arrangement shown very little packing is required, as the whole
of the working parts are enclosed in their own casings, which are made
water-tight by the bolts and nuts U.
The employment of the slide valves in the manner before explained
and shown requires a special arrangement of passages, so that the
apparatus may work with economy and at the same time with accuracy,
and after a series of experiments and trials I have found that the
arrangement shown in the accompanying Drawings is the best, and
which I desire to claim under this part of my Invention in conjunction
with the slide valves working at an angle from the crank shaft of
water and other liquid meters in the manner before described and
shown.

page_text: According to the second part of my Invention I make the inner
diameter of the cylinder a little larger than is required when finished,
and I place a truly cylindrical and smooth block in the centre of it,
leaving a space all round between them. Into this space I pour molten
metal of any suitable kind, which when cold and firmly set is sufficiently
smooth for the piston to work against without any leakage taking place.
The block can be removed by hydraulic or other power. I propose to
form recesses at the end or ends of the cylinder, so that the edge or
edges of the lining metal may be kept secure.
This is illustrated in Figure 3 on the same Sheet of Drawings, where
a is the cylinder to be lined with the soft or other metal b, which is run
in by the tube c fitted in the centre; this tube is in connection with a
kind of box or central block d, having a smooth and polished exterior for
producing a smooth interior to the metal lining when such is run in.
In order to prevent air bubbles forming in the lining I propose to
retain it at a molten heat for a time to allow the bubbles, should any be
present, to rise and escape by a block of metal e in a red hot state,
which is to be inserted into the block or box d, this block e serving also
to warm the cylinder and the block d before the molten metal is run in,
and thus prepare them for the operation.
After the lining is cold and set the inner block e is removed by hand,
but the other block d which is held tightly by the lining metal is
removed by hydraulic or other power in any suitable manner. This
mode of lining is applicable to all kinds of cylinders, whether such be
used for measuring water or other liquids, or for steam purposes, as it
admits of the exterior being of a strong cheap character, while the lining
or inner working surface is of a more costly and finer grain, and admits
of the same being bored to a greater smoothness for the piston or plunger
to work upon or against when boring is necessary, but if the central
block or box d is of truly cylindrical form the lining will correspond
with it, and therefore boring will be superfluous.
The inner lining attaches itself to the outer cylinder, and 'to prevent
any separation at the meeting edges at the flange or flanges I form
recesses in the edge or edges of the cylinder for the metal lining to
flow into, and thus become as it were inseparable.
I therefore claim under this second part of my Invention the lining
of cylinders with a metal run in, in a molten state, which when cold

page_text: shall form a working surface for a piston or plunger to act against in
the manner herein-before described and shown.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Willmer Pocock, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of December One
thousand eight hundred and seventy.
ALP. WILLMER POCOCK. (L.S.)