Improvements in Apparatus for use in Ventilating.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 15th Oct.. 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for use in Ventilating.
I, CHARLES ALFORD COWELL of 15 Great George Street in the City of
Westminster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in appliances or apparatus for use in
ventilating drains, sewers, buildings and other places and has for its object to render
such ventilation more efficient than hitherto by ensuring that a proper quantity of
air passes in one direction as required whilst it is prevented from passing in the
other direction. The invention more especially relates to ventilators for the inlet
of fresh air where valves are used for the prevention of back-draught but it can be
used in cases where the outlet of warm or foul air is to be effected without allowing
in-draught. It consists as applied to an inlet or downcast ventilator of a casing or
head having two or more faces with openings therein which may either be left
clear or be covered by a grid. At the inner side of each of these openings is fixed
a valve or flap or valves or flaps (of mica, talc, aluminium, or any suitable
substance) which is, or are, so hung, or hinged, that it or they will open freely to
admit of the inlet of air but will immediately close should there at any time be a
reversal of the current. These flaps or valves are so arranged that in their action
they do not interfere with each other and that when open they act as deflectors of
the air in the direction of the shafts from the casing or head. When the ventilator
is to allow of the escape of air but not of its inlet then the flaps or valves are
arranged so that they open and close under the action of the air current in the
reverse way to that described.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing is a section and Figure 2 is an elevation
of a casing or head with three open faces a b c each having a grid, at the rear of
which is hinged at its upper side a flap d so that air can pass in through the grids
from all the open faces but so that the flaps d close when up-current occurs.
faces are shewn projecting sufficiently to allow of the proper movement of the
flaps d.
The
Figure 3 is a section of an upcast shaft having in it a device according to this
invention with a number of openings which form the outlets for warm or foul air
from a building or apartment. The flaps d are arranged inside these openings so
that the said flaps open and allow air to pass out but so that they close against the
openings against downward currents of air.
Figure 4 shews a simple arrangement consisting of a horizontal plate with
openings therein and with flaps d of very light material which open to allow air to
escape but close against downdraught. The flaps or valves may be counterbalanced
so that they open at any required pressure and they may be so adjusted by these
counterbalances that they open at a very slight updraught or downdraught
according to whether they are used with upcast or downcast shafts.
The arrangements herein described may be arranged as Turret, Ridge, Invisible-
roof, Louvre, or Chimney-terminal, ventilators, or in any other form to which they
are, or may be applicable and the various parts may be arranged either in
vertical, horizontal, or other, positions according to the direction of the air currents.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In ventilating appliances a casing or head with openings on two or more faces
each controlled by a Han or volve substantially es bassin hafa]
1

page_text: 2. In ventilating appliances an upcast or a downcast shaft or passage with
openings and flaps or valves arranged and operating substantially as hereinbefore
described and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 13th day of September 1892.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, Agents