CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GELATINE, SIZE, AND GLUE
Year: 1839

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, STEPHEN
GEORGE DORDOY, of Blackman Street, in the Borough of Southwark, in the
County of Surrey, Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Thirty-first day of October, in the third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Stephen George Dordoy, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said Stephen George Dordoy, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, and such others as I, the said Stephen George
Dordoy, my executors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention
of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GELATINE, SIZE, AND GLUE;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said
Stephen George Dordoy, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be
enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Stephen George Dordoy, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof (that is
to say):--
I take all such hides, skins, or other animal substances as are usually em-
ployed in the preparation of gelatine, size, and glue, according to the ordinary
method, and which are called glue pieces, such being the skins of beasts or
other animal substances from which gelatine is extracted. I take such skins,
hides, or other animal substances and place them in a proper vessel, and cover
them with cold water, and let them remain some days in such water till they
become slightly putrescent; I then take such skins, hide pieces, or animal
substances and wash them in pure cold water with stampers, or any other
convenient machine or engine, until the water runs off clear; I then put such
skins, hides, or other animal substances into a wooden, earthen, leaden, or
other proper vessel, with a cover fitted to exclude the general atmosphere, and
cover them with cold water, which I impregnate with enchlorine, chlorous, or
chloric acids prepared in the manner and proportions as follows:-For every
hundred pounds weight of the skins, hides, or animal substances, I take of the
chlorates or chlorides of lime, potass, soda, barytes, or other compound from
which enchlorine, chlorous, or chloric acid may be obtained; but of these I
prefer the chlorates of potass or soda, eight ounces of which I dissolve or
thoroughly mix in or with two or more gallons of hot or cold water, adding
thereto four pounds of hydrochloric or other acids, and stir thoroughly. This
mixture I pour into the vessel containing the water and animal substances,
stirring the materials continually while the mixture is being added. The
animal substances should be kept entirely covered with the impregnated water
for twenty-four hours. I find these quantities and proportions sufficient for
one hundred pounds weight of sheep's pieces or the skins of such animals as
have thin skins, but the skins or other animal substances taken from oxen,
calves, or other animals, or such as have much flesh or fibre about them will
require to be steeped in such impregnated water two or three times and for the
same number of hours, or until they appear of a uniform transparent whiteness;
but after each several steeping in such impregnated water I thoroughly wash
such skins, hides, or other animal substances in fresh cold water with stampers
or any other convenient engine or machine until such cold water runs off clear.
All these several immersions are to be continued for twenty-four hours, and
then after being well washed in cold water, by means of stampers or any other
convenient engine or machine, they are to be put into any convenient wooden,

page_text: earthen, leaden, or other proper vessel. Water which has been boiled and
allowed to lower to a temperature of about 160° degrees of Fahrenheit's ther-
mometer is then to be poured on to such skins, hides, or other animal sub-
stances. The vessel is to be covered and the temperature of the water kept
up to 100° degrees of Fahrenheit by means of steam, hot air, or any other
ellectual method, and at the end of from twelve to twenty-four hours a gela-
tinous solution will be formed. I strain off the solution of gelatine and pass
it through woollen or other proper filtering material, and then pour on to the
same skins, hides, or other animal substance a fresh supply of hot water,
keeping the skins immersed and at a temperature of 120° degrees of Fahrenheit.
After such substances have remained at such a temperature for a certain time,
not exceeding twenty-four hours, a further solution will be obtained; this must
be run off and filtered, as before mentioned. I again pour more hot water on
such animal substances, and raise the temperature of the same to 140° degrees'
Fabrenheit, at which temperature I keep them for a time, not exceeding
twenty-four hours; a fresh gelatinous solution being formed is to be run off and
filtered, in the manner before mentioned. I then again pour on to the same
animal substances fresh hot water, of such a temperature as will leave the said
animal substances at a temperature not less than 160° degrees of Fahrenheit,
and leaving the said animal substances in the said hot water for a certain time,
not exceeding twenty-four hours, the solution is to be run off and filtered
in like manner as before mentioned concerning the first-mentioned solution.
I boil the remaining animal substances with more water heated by means of
steam, or in any other convenient manner, until all the gelatine is apparently
dissolved, stirring such animal substances occasionally, when the solution is
then to be drawn off and filtered, as herein-before mentioned. All these
several solutions may be mixed and used as desired, or the aqueous parts may
be evaporated, so as to bring the gelatine to any desired consistence, and used
as commonly in the manufacture of glue, having all the properties of gelatine,
size, or glue.
Now I do not claim any of the particular vessels or apparatus above men-
tioned, nor the washing of the animal substances by any particular engine or
machine; but what I claim as my Invention is, the use or application of en-
chlorine, chlorous, or chloric acids prepared from the chlorates or chlorides of
lime, potass, soda, barytes, or other compounds from which enchlorine, chlorous,
or chloric acid may be obtained by the action of hydrochloric or other acids,
in the above or any other proportion, or in any other manner, for the purposes
of the manufacture of the preparations called gelatine, size, or glue. Although
I have in the above Specification described only one mode of preparing and

page_text: applying the impregnated liquid, and which I have found most effectual in
practice, yet the chlorates or chlorides may be applied in solution or mixture
to the skius, hides, or other animal substances, and the hydrochloric or other
acids may be added after the said solutions or mixtures have been mixed with
the said skins, hides, or other animal substances.
And having thus described the nature of my Invention, I declare this to be
a true Specification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Stephen George Dordoy, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty.
Inrolled the Thirtieth day of April, One thousand eight hundred and
forty.