CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1851

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, AUGUSTE
LORADOUX, of Calthorpe Street, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-third day of January, in the
fourteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Auguste Loradoux, Her especial license, sole
privilege, and authority, that I, the said Auguste Loradoux, my exors, admors,
and assigns, and such others as I, the said Auguste Loradoux, my exors,
admors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, within the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey,
Alderney, Sark and Man, and also within all Her Majesty's Colonies and
Plantations abroad the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS," communicated to me by
a foreigner residing abroad; in which said Letters Patent there is contained.
a proviso obliging me, the said Auguste Loradoux, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date

page_text: of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Auguste Loradoux, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are described and
ascertained in and by this present instrument in writing, and by the Drawing
hereunto annexed and forming part hereof, that is to say:-
The Invention consists, firstly, in an arrangement of the valves of pumps
of pumps for raising fluids, so as to obviate the necessity of using a bored
barrel and piston; secondly, a novel appendage attached to the bottom of the
pump for drawing the whole of any liquid from a reservoir.
Pump without a piston, Figure 1.-General elevation of the pump with a
conical valve. A, level of the water, the pump being lowered; B, stop of the
under valve; C, rods fixed to the pipe, and by which it is worked; D, half
circle, intended to establish a communication between the lever and the pump;
E, double water cock, connecting the interior reservoir I (Figure 4) and the
suction tube, to exhaust the pump when requisite. Figure 2, general elevation
of the pump with a vertical valve: J, valve and air reservoir. Figure 3,
section through X, Y. Figure 4, vertical section of the pump with a conical
valve K, rods fastened by their lower extremity on the valve seat, held at
their upper part by a screw nut, and intended to serve as guides to the valve;
L, cover to place over the exterior cistern; M, rings to maintain and guide
the valve; N, valve; O, O, stops to limit the course of the valve; P, exterior
cistern and spout; I, interior reservoir to keep the water above the valve; it
is fixed to the valve seat by screws, which pass through the leather interposed
between the valve and its seat; Q, conical opening to receive the under valve;
R, under valve. Figure 5, front elevation of the valve of the pump (Figure 2).
Figure 6, section through the lines V, Z; S, suction pipe of the pump; T,
air reservoir; U, metallic ring to maintain by means of bolts the leather ring
on which the valves strikes; this ring can have a spout attached to it.
Figure 7, small apparatus by which the reservoir can be completely emptied.
F, lower part of the suction pipe; a, leather bellows, lengthened or shortened
as required; b, apertures through which the liquid passes. The pump without
a piston is composed of a tube, at the upper part of which is a conical valve;
it works by an up and down motion given by a lever or a crank, thus pro-
ducing suction. The lower portion of the suction pipe, that is to say, the part
sunk in the water, and even a little above, has a diameter nearly double that
of the upper part, and is joined to it by a piece having the form of a funnel.
The clapper, which may be made either flat or conical, is surmounted by a

page_text: cylindrical air reservoir; the dimension of this reservoir diminishes in reason
of the maximum height to which water can be raised by atmospheric pressure.
The communication between the air reservoir and the suction tube is inter-
rupted by a spherical under valve, moveable and lighter than water. This
under valve closes the air reservoir when the water rises, and thus forces it
to escape sideways in the cistern. I can replace this spherical under valve by
another of a conical form, sliding by means of rings along the rods fixed in
the interior of the suction pipe; however, the communication between the air
reservoir and the suction tube can be free. When the pump must not remain
full, the tube may have, at the upper part, a curved form; the valve is then
nearly vertical. The best results are obtained with this form, especially suitable*
for marine purposes. The air reservoir is not here indispensable, and might
be suppressed. I can also place on this part of the tube, made less curved,
the valve horizontally. When the tube is too heavy I establish the equili-
brium by means of a counterweight or of a spring placed on the other side of
the lever and at a small distance from the resting point. I can also replace this
spring or counterweight by another tube less heavy than the first, and have
thus, without spending more power, a double-acting pump. To raise water
to a great height I employ several apparatus, so that the first discharges the
water in a fixed reservoir where the second sucks up and in its turn pours
the water in another reservoir, in which the third draws up the water, and
and so forth. To exhaust entirely the water of a reservoir I employ the the
small apparatus (Figure 7). This apparatus fixed to the ground is provided
at its lower part with side openings b, to allow the liquid to enter, and is
connected with the suction tube by a leather bag, kept open by small metallic
rings, which allow it nevertheless to lengthen or to shorten, according as the
tube ascends or descends. To exhaust a liquid which is not situated verti-
cally below the pump, I establish in a fixed manner a tube, plunging one
end in the liquid, and the other end rising vertically under the pump which is
adapted to it; this tube is closed at its upper part by a valve opening from the
bottom upwards, and connected to the suction pipe by a leather bag similar to
the one herein-before described. The suction tube is closed at the top, and
has a side valve opening outwards by which the water escapes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention of certain improvements in machinery or apparatus for raising
water and fluids, I declare that I do not confine myself to the exact or
precise words of the above description, as several useful variations may be
made from the principles of the said Invention; but what I consider to be

page_text: novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First, the means herein-before described to raise the liquid without the help
piston in producing a vacuum by the oscillating tube and the speed
acquired in working.
Secondly, the use of the air reservoir such as herein-before described.
Thirdly, the use of the lower funnel-shaped piece as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Auguste Loradoux, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.