IMPROVED MEANS OF FORMING A SELVAGE IN WEAVING
Year: 1884

page_text: I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS
OF FORMING A SELVAGE IN WEAVING," a communication to me from abroad by
John Steele Lamond of Paterson, Passaic County, State of New Jersey, United
States of America, Manufacturer, to be as follows:-
Heretofore in weaving course or fine fabrics, yarn of a better quality had to be
used in forming the selvage for the purpose of obtaining a straight and regular
selvage as the ordinary materials would not resist the tension of the weft or
filling.
The object of this invention is to enable a regular and straight selvage to be
formed without the use of any such better quality of yarn, by removing all the
strain of the weft from the border or edge warps in the operation of weaving.
And the invention consists in the temporary introduction into the fabric of wires,
one at each side near the end warps which wires perform the same functions as
warps up to a certain point where the cloths slips off the wires.
The wires are held stationary in the loom being attached to the back rail over
which the warps pass from the warp beam, and they pass through the harness and
reed in the same manner as warps and may extend as far as the front rail on which
their ends rest. The wires are interwoven with the weft or filling in the same
manner as warps but having served their purpose of resisting the tension of the
weft in the operation of weaving the fabric is drawn off them as it is wound up on
the cloth beam,

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVED MEANS
OF FORMING A SELVAGE IN WEAVING (a communication to me from abroad by
John Steele Lamond, of Paterson, Passaic County, State of New Jersey, United
States of America, Manufacturer) and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
:-
Heretofore in weaving coarse or fine fabrics, yarn of a better quality had to be
used in forming the selvage for the purpose of obtaining a straight and regular
selvage as the ordinary materials would not resist the tension of the weft or
filling:
The object of this invention is to enable a regular and straight selvage to be
formad without the use of any such better quality of yarn by removing all the
stra. _f the weft from the border or edge warps in the operation of weaving-
And the invention consists in the temporary introduction into the fabric of wires
one at each side near the end warps which wires perform the same functions as
warps up to a certain point where the cloth slips off the wires.
Keference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this
specification in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all
the figures Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved positive selvage former,
parts being broken out and others shown in section-Figure 2 is a plan view of
the same and Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of the selvage.
On the back rail A of the loom a hook B is secured over which is passed an eye C.
formed on one end of a wire D which is passed through the harness E. and through
the reed F.
The wire D extends to the front rail H. where it is cut off and rests upon the
said rail at the point H.
One wire D is provided at each side of the loom-Three warps d', d², d¹ (figure 3)
or more are arranged outside of the wire D. and the remaining warps d, are
arranged between the two wires D.
The weft or filling f, is introduced by means of a shuttle running in shuttle
race G. in the usual manner-The wires D perform the same functions as a warp
up to the point H in the front beam H. as the said wires are interwoven with the
weft or filling in the same manner as warps.
At the points H¹ the cloth slips off the wires D and is wound on the cloth
beam J. after having been passed over the roller K.-The warps are wound on the
warp beams S.—The other parts of the loom are of the usual construction.
The wires D can resist the tension of the weft or filling and take all the strain
from the border or edge warps thus permitting of making a regular and straight
selvage without the use of any better quality of yarn for formning the selvage.
I do not wish to limit myself to exact arrangement of the wires but may arrange
them in any suitable manner to obtain the object in view, namely to weave, a
straight and regular selvage.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I-claim is
1st The combination with a loom frame, harness reed, shuttle and race, of wires
held on the loom frame parallel with the warp and at short distances from the end
warps, the said wires being passed through the harness and reed, substantially as
herein shown and described.
2nd The combination with a loom frame, harness reed, shuttle and race, of wires
held to the rear beam of the loom frame and extending to. the front beam on which
they rest and which wires are parallel with and at short distances from the edge
warps and pass through the reed and harness substantially as herein shown and.
described.