Improvements in Watercloset Apparatus.
Year: 1894

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Watercloset Apparatus.
1, JOHN SHANKS, of Tubal Works, Barrhead, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain, Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as-
follows, that is to say:-
My said invention has for its object to improve and simplify water-closet
apparatus; and comprises a double-valve arrangement, a single-valve modification
thereof, and joints for connecting nozzles or pipe branches of earthenware closet
basins or soil-pipe trap bends or lengths to metal or other pipes.
My improved double-valve arrangement is not complicated with various accessory
details hitherto required in such arrangements especially when fitted on board
ships. The basin of the arrangement is somewhat like the "wash-out" type, with
a concave bottom to retain some water, and with a discharge outlet at the back or
other part. This discharge outlet communicates with a vertical passage or trunk
having in it two disk valves. The upper valve in its lowest position closes down
upon a seat just at the bottom of the discharge outlet from the basin; and it is
deep enough to cover the discharge outlet. The lower valve is arranged to work
like a piston (but not requiring to fit tightly) in a lower cylindrical part of the
trunk, and when in its lowest position is below an opening from the trunk into the
scil pipe. A rod is fixed to the lower valve and extends up to the usual closet
handle, this rod passing through a hole in the upper valve, and having formed or
fixed on it a collar or lug. When the closet handle is raised it first raises.the
lower valve to a position above the bottom opening thereby closing that opening.
The collar or lug on the rod then encounters the upper valve and lifts it, and
The contents of
through connections of a usual kind, lets on the flushing water.
the basin become thereby discharged into the trunk, which is made large enough
for the purpose. On allowing the closet handle to descend the upper valve first
closes the discharge from the basin; and the lower valve then passes to the bottom
of the lower opening of the trunk and allows the contents of the trunk to be
discharged. The hole in the upper valve is a little larger than the rod and serves
as an overflow, as well as an air outlet.
In another modification constituting a simple single-valve arrangement the lower
As in the double-
valve is omitted the handle rod being fixed to the upper valve.
valve arrangement the bottom of the outlet from the basin is a little. higher than
the bottom of the basin so that a little water is always retained in the basin.
My improved joint for watercloset apparatus is a spigot-and-faucet arrangement
combined with a bayonet device and locked and made watertight with cement.
The spigot is made with one or more lateral projections which pass down grooves
in the faucet and are entered into sockets at the bottoms of the grooves by a
turning movement the cement being afterwards filled into the grooves and between
the faucet and spigot. The parts of the joint may be transposed; and when the
connection is between earthenware and metal the spigot may be made on the
A short tube or
earthenware part and the faucet on the metal part or vice versa.
connecting piece of brass or other suitable metal may be thus fixed on
earthenware nozzle or pipe branch, to be afterwards soldered or otherwise joined
to a lead or other metal pipe.
Dated this Sixteenth day of July 1894.
an
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: Improvements in watercloset Apparatus.
I, JOHN SHANKS, of Tubal Works, Barrhead, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain, Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said invention has for its object to improve and simplify watercloset
apparatus, and comprises a double-valve arrangement, a single-valve modification
thereof, and joints for connecting nozzles or pipe branches of earthenware closet
basins. or soil-pipe trap bends or lengths to metal or other pipes.
My improved, double-valve arrangement is not complicated with various accessory
details, hitherto required in such arrangements especially when fitted on board
ships.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same may
be properly understood I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings to be
hereinafter referred to and showing my improvements.
Figures, 1, and 2, of the drawings are vertical sections. as at right angles to each
other showing my double-valve arrangement of watercloset.
Figure, 3, is a view similar to Figure, 1, showing my single-valve modification
thereof.
Figures, 4, and 5, are respectively, a horizontal and vertical section of one
modification. of my improved. joint; Figures, 6, and 7, being similar views of a
second modification of the same.
In these drawings the same reference letters are used to mark the same or like
parts wherever they are repented.
As shown, in Figures, 1, and 2, of the drawings, the. basin, A, is somewhat like
the "wash-out" type, with a concave bottom to retain some water, and with a
discharge outlet, B, at the back or other part. This discharge outlet communicates
with a vertical. passage or trunk, C, having in it two valves, D; E. The upper
valve, D, in its lowest position closes down upon a seat, F, just at the bottom of
the discharge outlet, B; and it is deep enough to cover the discharge outlet. The
lower valve, E, is arranged to work like a piston (but not requiring to fit tightly) in a
lower part of the trunk, C, and, when in its lowest position is below an opening, G,
from the trunk into the soil pipe, H. A rod, J, is fixed to the lower valve, E, and
extends up to the usual closet handle, K, this rod, J, passing up at one side of the
upper valve, D, and having formed or fixed on it a lug, L. When the closet
handle, K, is raised it first. raises the lower valve, E, to a position above the
bottom opening, G, thereby almost closing that opening. The collar or lug, L, on
the rod, J, then encounters one end of a lever, M, to which the upper valve, D, is
connected and lifts that valve. The lever is centered at, N, and its other end is
connected to a water supply valve, P, of a usual kind so that when the upper
valve, D, is raised the valve, P, lets on the flushing water. The contents of the
basin, A, become discharged into the trunk, C, which is made large enough for
the purpose. On allowing the closet handle, K, to descend: the upper valve, D,
first closes the discharge. outlet, B, from the basin; and the lower valve, E, then
passes to the bottom of the lower opening, G, of the trunk, C, and allows the
contents of the trunk to be discharged. Small holes, Q, are formed in the
valve, D, so. as to serve as an overflow, as well as air outlets, the overflow. taking
place through a trapped passage in the valve.
upper
In the modification constituting the simple single-valye,arrangement and shown in
Figure, 3, the lower valve (E) is omitted the handle rod, K, being fixed directly to
the upper, valve, D. As in the double-valve arrangement the bottom of the

page_text: outlet, B, from the basin is a little higher than the bottom of the basin so that a
little water is always retained in the basin.
In the modification of improved joint for watercloset apparatus shown in
Figures, 4, and 5, a spigot-and-faucet arrangement is combined with a bayonet
device and locked and made water-tight with cement. The spigot, R, is made with
one or more lateral projections, or segmental flanges, S, which pass down
grooves, T, or between segmental flanges in the faucet, U, and are then turned into
sockets, V, the cement which is shown by dotting, and consists preferably of red
lead, being afterwards filled into the spaces between the spigot, R, and faucet, U.
The joint is completed by a wiped lead filling, W. The parts of the joint may be
transposed; and when the connection is between earthenware and metal the
spigot, R, may be made on the earthenware part as shown and the faucet, U, on
the metal part or vice versa. A short tube or connecting piece of brass or lead or
other suitable metal may be thus fixed on an earthenware nozzle or pipe branch, to
be afterwards soldered or otherwise joined to a lead or other metal pipe.
The improved joint shown in Figures, 6, and 7, differs from that shown in
Figures, 4, and 5, in having a bead, X, extending quite round the end of the
spigot, R, and the faucet, U, is made of dovetail section so that when the space
between the spigot and faucet is filled with cement the parts become locked
together. The joint is completed by a wiped lead filling, W.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting my improved double-
valve watercloset apparatus substantially as hereinbefore described with reference
to Figures, 1, and 2, of the accompanying drawings.
2. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting may improved single-
valve watercloset apparatus substantially as herein before described with reference
to Figure, 3, of the accompanying drawings.
3. In double-valve watercloset apparatus making the discharge outlet from the
basin communicate with a vertical passage or trunk in which works two valves the
lower one closing the outlet into the soil pipe before the upper valve opens,
the parts being constructed and operating substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described.
4. In a joint for connecting earthenware parts of watercloset apparatus to metal
pipes the combination of the spigot and faucet with parts which when supplemented
with cement lock the parts together, the joint being completed by a wiped lead
filling substantially as herein before described and as shown in Figures, 4 to 7, of
the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Thirteenth day of April 1895.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.