A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT OR CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SPINNING MACHINE CALLED THE MULE
Year: 1833

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, PETER
EWART, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty. King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Eighth day of November, in the third year year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Peter Ewart, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Peter Ewart, my executors, administrators, and
assigns; or such others as I, the said Peter Ewart, my executors, adminis
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT OR
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SPINNING MACHINE CALLED THE MULE;" in which
said Letters Patent is contain a proviso that I, the said Peter Ewart, shall
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Peter Eward, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, "A certain
Improvement or certain Improvements in the Spinning Machine called the

page_text: Mule," to consist in certain arrangements of machinery, by means of which
I effect certain movements in the spinning machine called the mule, some of
which have been heretofore in the ordinary machine performed by hand. The
causing of these movements to become dependent on the moving power which
drives the machine, and not on the skill of the operative or spinner, is called
the making the machine self-acting; and in the manner in which my Invention
for this purpose is to be performed and carried into effect will be more clearly
seen by reference to the annexed Drawings, in all which various views and
sections of machinery letters and figures of reference are used, the same
letters and figures of reference denoting the same parts throughout the whole
of the Drawings. But before I commence the description of the annexed
Drawings, I shall briefly state the action or various movements of the machine
called the mule, to render the subsequent description of the Drawings more
clear.
The spinning action, or the putting of twist into yarn or thread manufactured
on the machine called the mule, commences (as is well known to spinners and
persons conversant with spinning machinery) at the same time as the rotation
of the front or delivering roller continues during the travelling out of the
carriage, or what is called the stretch, and stops shortly after the carriage has
arrived at its greatest distance from the front or delivering roller. As soon as
the spinning or twisting action of the spindles ceases, it is the duty of the spinner
to reverse the rotation of the spindles, so as to unwind, or, as is commonly
called, back off the few spiral coils of yarn which arrange themselves on the
bare part of the spindles during the operation of spinning or putting in of the
twist, (as seen at a, a, a, a, Figures 7, 8, and 9,) at the same time that he
depresses or puts down the faller wire for the purpose of guiding the yarn to
the lower part of the spindles, where it is subsequently wound on, as herein-
after explained. These coils being backed off, and the faller wire being put
down, the spinner immediately runs in or puts up the carriage, at the same
time winding on to the spindles the length or amount of yarn which has been
spun or perfected during the last stretch or coming of the carriage, which
yarn is guided by the gradual elevation of the faller wire. In mules of the
ordinary construction, these four movements, namely, "the backing off," the
putting down and guiding the faller wire," the "putting up of the carriage,"
and "winding on of the yarn," depend on the attention and skill of the spinner.
The remaining movements, namely, the coming out of the carriage, and the
spinning or twisting of the yarn or thread, being dependent on the machine
itself, and being well known to spinners and persons conversant with spinning
machinery, and no part of my Invention, I shall not describe....
"

page_text: Now the object of my Invention being to make the machine called the mule
perform the whole of the movements above named independent of. the spinner
at the various periods of time when they are required for the proper action of
the machine, and I shall proceed to described the manner in which my. certain
improvements are carried into effect, by reference to the annexed Drawings,
together with part of an ordinary mule, some parts being omitted for the
purpose of shewing more clearly the construction and arrangement of my
improvements. In this Figure, the carriage, which is in blue outline, is seen
at the end of a stretch or greatest distance from the drawing rollers, and in the
position when the backing off of the spiral coils, represented on an enlarged scale
at a, a, a, a, Figures 7, 8, and 9, is required to be performed. This movement
I effect in the following manner :-B represents a face plate, the upper sur-
face of which is covered with leather, and fastened on the upright shaft C', as
also seen in Figure 10, which represents a side elevation of this part of my
Invention. Above the face plate B, and loose on the same shaft, is another
face plate C, the under surface of which is covered with leather. This is held
free of the face plate B, by means of the lever b, which is held stationary by
the catch b', which holds on the perpendicular part 2, as best seen in Figure 10,
under the face plate B, and on the same shaft is fixed the pulley D, round
which the drum band c, c, passes, and imparts to it motion (indicated by the
arrow, seen in plan, Figure 2), carrying the shaft C', and face plate B, in the
same direction. E is a sector, vibrating on its center, and connected to the
smaller diameter of the face plate C by the strap e, and held in the position
shewn in the Drawing by a weight F, suspended in any convenient position
from a small arm or lever fixed on the shaft F, which is connected with
shaft E', on which the sector E is placed, by means of the perpendicular rod E³
and arm E³, as seen in Figures 1 and 2. And this strap e is held in a state.
of tension by the band and counterweight T; see Figure 10. As soon as the
carriage has arrived at the end of a stretch, and the driving strap is traversed
in the ordinary manner from the fast to the loose pulley on the rim shaft, for
the purpose of stopping the spinning action of the spindles, the carriage comes
in contact and presses against the horizontal rod G, which, being connected with
the catch b', liberates the face plate C, which is immediately pressed on the
face of B, by means of a small lever and weight d and d¹, and partakes of
the motion of B, which still continues after the driving strap is traversed from

page_text: the fast to the loose pulley on the rim shaft, in consequence of the inutia which
the rim has acquired during the spinning. This inutia of the rim rarrying
round the face plate C, along with the face plate B, which is now pressed to
its surface, vibrates the sector E, in the direction shewn by the arrow in
Figure 2, to the extent it is allowed to vibrate in that direction; and when it
is stopped, it holds fast the face plate C, and the friction between the two
surfaces of C and B stops the rotation of the rim. As soon as the rim is
stopped, the weight F again vibrates the sector E into its former position, and
carrying back the strap e, reverses the motion of the face plates C and B, and
the pulley D, and thereby the direction of the drum band which produces the
reverse rotations of the spindles, or breaking-off motion, which was required in
addition to the friction between the face plates C and B, caused by the
weight d'. I place a small projection on the upper surface of C, which comes
under a spring at one part of the revolution, and thereby increases the friction.
The amount of the reverse rotation of the pulley D, or backing off, must
necessarily decrease as the cop increases, as will be seen by reference
to Figures 7, 8, and 9, where the amount of spiral coils a, a, a, a, to be
unwound or backed off, are shewn less in number as the cop of yarn in-
creases in size; and this required decrease is provided for by the position of
the inclined plane H, on which the rest or stop h, which determines the
vibration of the sector E, is supported. And the position of the sector E will
be seen in faint blue lines in Figure 1, where the stop h is resting on the
inclined plane H. The inclined plane H is held in the position shewn in the
Drawing by a slot or guide h¹, see Figure 2, and is connected to the part I, as
also shewn in Figures 1 and 2. The part I is supported on small rods i, i, at
each extremity, and is moved endwise, in the direction of the arrow, by means
of a screw and ratchet wheel, with a gathering catch, as best seen at K, in
plan at Figure 2. In this arrangement, the lever K comes in contact with
the carriage when it goes in, so that every traverse or stretch of the carriage
gathers a tooth of the ratchet, and by means of the screw at K moves the part I
and inclined plane H, a small degree further towards the position shewn in the
dotted lines in the Drawing at Figure 1, which, bringing the stop h in contact
with a more elevated part of the inclined plane H, arrests the vibration of the
sector E sooner, and thereby terminates or decreases the backing off. At the
commencement of a set of cops, this inclined plane H is placed in the position
shewn in the Drawing, and every successive traverse of the carriage moves it
nearer the position shewn in dotted lines, at which position it arrives at the
termination or finish of the cop. Simultaneously with the backing-off motion
already descrebed, the putting down and guiding the faller is required to

page_text: take place; and this movement also depends on the vibration of the sector E.
On referring to the blue lines which represent the carriage in Figure 1,
L represents a small lever connected to the shaft, which carries the faller wire,
the extremity of which is connected with the perpendicular rod L'. As soon
as the carriage arrives at the end of a stretch or greater distance from the
front rollers, as seen in Figure 1, and while the sector E is vibrated in the
direction of the face plates C and B, the perpendicular rod L' comes over a
lever L, which, being supported on the arm or projection 7, partakes of the
vibration of the sector E, and is at that moment depressed, but returning to
the position shewn in the Drawing, elevates the rod L', and depresses the
faller wire, so that when the sector E returns to its former position by the
action of the weight F which backs off, the same motion puts down the faller
to the point required, and the amount of depression progressively decreases by
the same train of movements as govern the vibration of sector E, for decreasing
the backing off already described, the necessity of which decrease will be here-
after explained. The guiding or progressive elevation of the faller, which is
required to distribute the yarn on the various diameters of the cop during the
going in of the carriage, is effected by means of the long inclined plane M, M,
called a copping rail, on which the end or lower extremity of the rod L rests
after it has been elevated by the return vibration of the sector E, as already
described. The descent of this inclined plane M, M, towards the front rollers
allows the faller wire to rise gradually, and at its termination, when the car-
riage has arrived near the front rollers, the end of the rod L' being no longer
supported by the inclined plane M, M, elevates the faller clear of the spindles
preparatory to the recommencement of spinning in the succeeding stretch. The
adjustment for varying the exact elevation of the inclined plane M, M, and the
necessity of such adjustment, will be seen hereafter when the construction and
nature of a cop has been explained. The backing off and the putting down
of the faller being effected, the carriage is taken in or up to the front rollers
by means of the band N, which is fast to the carriage, and is brought into
action also by the return vibration of the sector E. At the same time that
the faller is put down by the elevation of the lever r, a small arm marked m, in
Figures 1 and 2, is elevated, which acting on the train of levers m³, m³, and m³,
vibrates the small projection m*, on which the large lever m³, has hitherto been
supported; the lever m³, elevating one arm of the bell crank mo, traverses the
long rod m' to the position seen in Figure 1, and carrying the vibrating lever
ms, which had up to that period supported the lever m³, allows the upright
rod mo to traverse a driving strap on to the fast pulley on the shaft which
carries the taking scrole N³, to which the bared N is attached, and as soon as

page_text: the carriage has arrived at the front rollers it elevates the lever m²; which again
traverses the driving strap on to the loose pulley, and terminates the taking-in
action of the band N. A small spring pressing on the lower arm of m³ holds
the lever m stationary until the carriage is again at the end of a stretch, and
the action of this movement is recommended. It will be observed that the
coming in of the carriage again puts up the lever m³ to be supported on the
projection m³, which has always a tendency to remain perpendicular by the
action of a small sprig m", seen in plan, Figure 2, and also that when the car-
riage arrives at the front roller the rod m² is put back or placed in its former
position by the carriage pressing against the lever o, which is fixed on the same
shaft as o', which acts on the rod m'. This same vibration of the shaft o² puts
the Mendoza band in action; but this being a part of all ordinary mules, and
no part of my Invention, needs no further description here. The winding on of
the yarn to form the cop must proceed at the same time as the going in of the
carriage; but before I commence the description of the means by which I
effect this movement, I shall give a short description of the nature and con-
struction of a cop, together with some further observations on the pulling down
and guiding the faller wire, to render the object and necessity of the various
arrangements for effecting the winding-on movement better understood. A
cop of yarn, which in this machine is built on the bare spindle, consists of a
succession of thicknesses or layers of yarn, one of which is placed on the
surface of the cop at each going in or putting up of the carriage, such thick-
ness or layer being the amount of yarn which has been spun during the
preceding stretch or coming out of the carriage. The length of the stretch
being uniformly the same, and consequently the amount of yarn to be wound
on the same, it is clear that the number of revolutions of the spindle required
to wind on the first stretch, when the spindles are bare, must be much greater
than when the yarn has accumulated on the spindle and the circumference
thereby considerably increased. The necessity of this variation of the speed of
the winding-on motion is not very perceptible at the commencement of a set of
cops, but as soon as the yarn on the spindle assumes the form represented at
Figure 7, Sheet 2, the winding on, which always commences at the greatest
circumference of the cop, will require to be slower at the first part of the going
in of the carriage and quicker as the faller wire rises, until the carriage arrives
at the front rollers, at which period the yarn is winding on the bare spindle,
which requires the quickest speed. The proportion which the speed of the
spindle at the commencement of going in bears to the speed which is required
when the carriage has arrived at the front rollers will vary every stretch until
the cop has assumed the form of a double cone, as represented at Figure 8,

page_text: Sheet 2, which is the greatest circumference of the cop, and is called the cop
bottom. After the cop bottom is formed, as represented at Figure 8, Sheet 2,
the remainder of the cop consists of a succession of conical layers similar in
every respect as indicated by the blue oblique lines in Figure 9, which repre-
sents a finished cop. After what has been said of the construction of a cop,
and bearing in mind that the winding on of the yarn always commences at the
base of the cone or greater circumference of the top, and that the regular
distribution of the yarn on the cop depends on the position of the faller wire,
it will be clear that the putting down of the faller wire must decrease every
going in to allow for the increasing size of the cop and more elevated position
on which the cone or layer of yarn has to be placed. This decrease of the
depression of the faller wire is effected by the varying vibration of the sector E,
as already described in speaking of the movement for putting down the faller.
But the position of the inclined plane M, M, for guiding the faller, as already
explained, must also vary as the cop increases; and this is effected by the
same screw movement which varies the position of the small inclined plane H
for governing the vibration of the sector E, to decrease the backing off move-
On referring to Figures 1 and 2 it will be seen that the copping rail
or inclined plane M, M, is held by and moves freely on two upright pins or
rods p, p, and is supported on two inclined planes p', p', similar to the
inclined plane H, but placed in the reverse position. The two inclined planes
p', p', which support and govern the elevation of the copping rail M, M, are
attached to the same part I as the inclined plane H, and partake of the same
motion emanating from the screw and ratchet K already described. Thus, at
the same time as the inclined plane H advances at every stretch of the
carriage, and thereby arrests the vibration of the sector E, to lessen the
backing off sooner, the inclined planes p', p', receed, and thereby gradually
depresses the copping rail M, M, to lessen the fall of the faller wire at every
succeeding winding on.
ment.
I shall now proceed to describe the winding on, which constitutes the
last and most important movement of the machine.
In Figure 1, Sheet 1, P represents a cone supported in a vibrating carriage
or framing, and driven by the strap P', which passes over a small warve or
pulley P, fixed on the shaft which carries the cone P, as best seen in Figure 3,
Sheet 2. This driving band P is driven from the pulley P³, which receives
motion by the driving strap P', as seen in Figure 1. P³ represents a fast
pulley, on the further side of which is placed a loose pulley of the same
diameter, to which the strap P is traversed by the guider m, which moves
when the carriage arrives at the front rollers; but when the carriage com-

page_text: mences going in, and the winding on is also required to commence, the driving
strap P is traversed into the fast pulley Ps by the vibration of F', which
liberates a catch P, and allows the strap guider P' to carry the strap on to
the fast pulley P5, where it is forced by the weight P³. The cone P being
thus put in motion a little prior to the inward motion of the carriage, the
winding on is ready to commence.
Figure 3, Sheet 2, represents the cone P, and the arrangement of parts for
effecting the winding-on movement, as seen from the front or drawing roller
of the mule, in which view the cone P will be seen to rest upon a similar
cone Q, placed in the reverse position. The shaft Q, on which this cone
is placed is geared by bevil wheel to the upright shaft Q1; see Figure 1,
Sheet 1. This shaft is the same perpendicular line with the shaft C¹ below,
which carries the face plates C and B and pulley D. On the top of this lower
shaft C is placed a conical coupling Q, into which the counterpart, which is
attached to the shaft Q', occasionally falls. The nature of this coupling will
be seen in Figures 1 and 10, where the dotted lines indicate the position of
the part carried by the shaft Q', when it is free of the part connected to the
shaft C below. The counter part of the coupling which is connected to the
shaft Q is held free during the spinning and coming out of the carriage by
the lever q and counter weight q¹, but as soon as the carriage has arrived at
the end of the stretch, and the faller is put down, the same movement acting
on the series of levers m, m³, and m³, relieves the large lever m³, which is
carried down by the weight m!. This lever, m³, carries along with it the
small lever g', as seen at Figure 1, and allows the weighted lever q², im-
mediately above it, to connect the conical coupling Q, and thereby identify
the shaft Q and C, which are immediately driven from the surface motion of
the cone P, and any motion of the shaft Q¹ is conveyed to the drum band by
the pulley D. The fall of the lever m³, which connects the coupling Q³, at
the same time disconnects the face plates C and B, which terminates the
backing off, and allows the winding-on to proceed without interfering with the
sector E, which is connected to the face plate C by the strap e. Thus, as
soon as the faller wire is put down, and the coupling Q2 has united the
shaft Q and the shaft C' beneath, the motion of the strap P, through the
fast pulley Ps, is conveyed through the cones P and Q to the upright shaft Q¹
and drum band pulley D, as already described. Supposing therefore that the
conical coupling Q' has united the shaft Q1 to the shaft C¹ beneath, which
carries the drum band pulley D, and the cones P to be revolved in con-
tact with the cone Q, as shewn in the Drawing, there will be a certain
number, or. amount of revolutions conveyed to the cone Q by the cone P,

page_text: and thence to the drum band pulley D, and the number or amount of revolu-
tions will depend on the relative circumference of such parts of the two
cones P and Q as shall come in contact, the speed of the driving band P
being always the same. In Figure 3, Sheet 2, the cone P is shewn with its
apex or smallest circumference in contact with the base or greatest circum-
ference of the cone Q, in which position the smallest amount of motion is
conveyed from P to Q, which is the winding on at the greatest circumference
of the cop; but supposing the cone P to be vibrated to the position shewn in a
circle below P, in Figure 1, where the base or largest circumference of P
would be in contact with the apex or smallest circumference of Q, the greatest
amount of motion would be conveyed from P to Q, which is the winding on
at the bare spindle or smallest circumference of the cop.
.
From what has been said, and by referring to the Figure 3, it will be seen
that my variation of speed between that imparted by the apex of the cone P
to that imparted by the base may be applied for winding on, and in this
Figure the carriage or frame for vibrating the cone P upon the cone Qwill
be clearly seen, the contact of the surfaces of the two cones being effected by
means of the weight R. At the commencement of a cop, or when the
spindles are bare, it will therefore be requisite to drive from the base of the
cone P, or the greatest speed, but as the cop bottom forms, the cone P must
be vibrated more and more towards its apex, always leaving off at the base,
which is the greatest speed, or the winding on to the base spindle (when the
carriage is near the front rollers). As soon as the cop bottom is formed, the
two extremes of speed are required at every winding on, which is effected by
vibrating the cone P its whole range from the apex to the base on every
putting up or going in of the carriage. This vibration of the cone P is.
governed by the following arrangement :-
In Figures 1 and 5, R¹ represents a moving rest or saddle, the upper
surface of which is curved in a varied form, as seen in Figure 5; this part R¹
is supported on a carriage, and partakes of a two-fold motion, one back and
forth in the same direction as the traverse of the carriage, and another
progressively endwise in the direction of the arrow seen in Figure 5.
The first motion is produced by the pinion R² and the rack R³, as seen in
Figure 1, which carries the saddle R¹ in the same direction and at the same
time as the carriage when going in or out. Above the saddle R', and resting
upon it by means of a friction pulley R', is the lever R³, moving on its fulcrum at
; the lever R is elevated a varying amount at every traverse of the saddle R¹
and governed in its position by the position of the saddle R'. The lever R*
is connected to the vibrating frame or carriage which supports the cone-P,

page_text: by means of the arrangements of the levers 71, 72, 73, as seen in Figures 1 and
3, so that the position of the lever R determines the position of the cone P
with regard to the cone Q, or in other words regulates the relative circum-
ferences of the two cones, which must be brought in contact to effect the
winding-on motion required. Figure 5 represents another view of the saddle
R and apparatus connected with it, as seen from the side to that in which
it is seen in Figure 1. In this View it will be seen that the saddle R', which is
carried with the framing R, R°, R6, back and forth at every traverse of the
carriage, by the pinion R³, as already described, receives the second motion
by means of the rack, and train of spur wheels 15 and 7, and the last of
which gears into a wheel, seen in Figure 5, fixed on the end of a screw
which passes forward, and takes into a nut which governs the transverse traverse
of the saddle R¹, to which it is connected by the piece 7-18, as seen in Figure 1.
This transverse traverse of the saddle R', by means of the screw ³, also effects a
progressive elevation of the saddle R', by means of oblique edge on which the
near side is supported, as seen at Figure 5. This rack * vibrates on the stud 110
so that when it is depressed and put into gear with the spur wheel 5 the
traverse of saddle R¹ revolves the spur wheel, and imparting motion to the
screw under the saddle R¹, draws it forward in the direction of the arrow seen
in Figure 5. Thus the end motion of the saddle R', which proceeds from the
screw, presents various surfaces of the saddle R¹ to the friction roller and lever
R* and Rs, and thereby produces the varied elevation of that lever which governs
the vibration of the cone P, and determines the speed of the winding on in
the manner before described. The period at which the rack raises out of
gear depends on an arrangement of catches or stops s, &, s, s, 5, s, s, as shewn
in the under side of s, and more clearly seen in plan of that part at Figure 6,
Sheet 2. Immediately over the rack lever 1, in Figure 1, will be seen a
similar lever s¹, which is carried by a bell crank vibrating on the centre s²;
this bell crank lever being acted on by the weight så, has a constant tendency
to force the lever s' in the direction of the arrow, and being at the same time
lifted up by the spring sallows the two projections or studs so and so to come one
above the other. In this position the outward traverse of the carriage R, R,
depresses the lever s¹ and rack into geer with pinion 7, and thereby
traverses the saddle R' by the screw 28, but the amount of traverse, or period
at which the rack raises out of geer is terminated by one of the catches s
coming in contact with the end of lever s¹, and forcing it back, so that the
studs so and so no longer remain on each other, but resume the position shewn
at Figure 1, which allows the rack lever to raise by the action of the
springs, and terminate the traversing action of the screw 78. The period

page_text: at which any one of the stops s on the under side of the part S come into
action depend on the period of the formation of the cop bottom, and are
arranged accordingly; but as soon as the cop bottom is formed and the vibra-
tion of the cone P is required to be uniformily alike, until the cop is finished,
the varied position of the stops s, s, are passed and the actions of the rack
and screw and 7-8 are uniformly the same. It will be recollected that the
large lever mo, which connected the coupling Q for the purpose of com-
mencing the winding on, is removed and placed in its former position by the
going in of the carriage, but in referring to Figure 1 it will be seen that the
connection of the coupling Q is continued during the going in of the carriage,
by means of a catch q³, the lever m³ being during the period elevated and
supported by the part m'; but as soon as the carriage arrives at the front
rollers, and it is required that the winding on cease, the same traverse of the
rod m, by means of the levers 0 and O' (which allows the vibration of
upright lever m³), pulls back the tale end or lower extremity of the catch q³,
and allows the preponderence of the weight q' to liberate or disconnect the
coupling Q, and thereby terminate the winding-on motion previous to the
recommencement of the spinning, which immediately takes place.
Having described the various arrangements of parts, by which I effect the
various movements required to render the mule self-acting and independent
of the skill of the spinner, I hereby declare that I do not claim any of the
separate or well-known parts of which such movements are composed; but I
do claim the combination and general construction, by which my improvements
are effected, as described and set forth in the various Figures herein-before
referred to, particularly that arrangements of parts by which the winding on
is effected; and these my improvements being, to the best of my knowledge
and belief, new, and never before used, I hereby deliver this as my true and
faithful Specification of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Ewart, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-four.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-sixth day of April, in
the fourth year of the reign of His Majesty King William the Fourth, the
said Peter Ewart came before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and
acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein con-
tained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument aforesaid
was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-fifth
year of the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Fifth day of May, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-
four.