matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN BATCHING OR TREATING JUTE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Morrison Fell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th June 1867.
I, ALEXANDER MORRISON FELL, of West Calder, in the County of Mid
Lothian, North Britain, Oil Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BATCHING OR TREATING JUTE," to
be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object the treating of jute by the manufacturing
process known as batching in a more economical and better manner than
hitherto; and the Invention consists principally in the employment in the
batching process of the mineral oil prepared by well-known processes from
crude petroleum or from the crude oil obtained from coal or shale by distil-
lation at a low red heat, such crude oil being repeatedly treated with strong
sulphuric acid and with alkali to remove alkaloids and acids, and being
washed and redistilled. The oil thus prepared is used either alone or as
combined or mixed with about six per cent. of any suitable animal or vegetable
oil, which animal or vegetable oil may or may not be saponified; this mineral
oil or compound is to be used instead of but in the same way as the animal
or vegetable oils ordinarily used in the batching process.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOCOMOTIVE FIGURES AND AUTOMATA
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josiah John Snow at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,, on the 11th April 1867.
I, JOSIAH JOHN SNOW; of 70, Wilstead Street, Euston Road, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOCOMOTIVE FIGURES AND AUTOMATA," to be-
as follows:-
1
This Invention has for its object improvements in the construction of
locomotive figures and automata. In constructing
In constructing a locomotive figure or
automaton capable of moving forward with a motion resembling walking
I support the figure on legs, by preference three, two at the back and one in
front, I keep the weight of the figure as low down and as far forward as may
be. The front leg is furnished with a castor wheel, but the hinder legs have.
not wheels, and are pointed or so formed as to prevent the figure moving
backwards. The figure thus prepared has a string, which may be concealed.
if desired, attached to it at or near the top, by which it is pulled upon at the
back or in the reverse direction to that in which progress is desired to be
made, then as the hinder legs will not slip upon the floor or base the figures
tips upon them, and when the pull is released the figure returns, and in doing
so developes a momentum which causes it to travel a distance forward, and
by repeating this movement an intermittent progress resembling walking may.
be obtained. In a similar manner figures in the nature of rocking horses
and similar automata may be arranged.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE FABRICS CALLED 'IMPERIALS,' VELVETS,' 'VELVETEENS,' 'SATTEENS,' AND 'DRILLS,' WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FABRICS, SUCH AS 'DOESKINS,' TWEEDS, AND OTHER FANCY WOOLLEN CLOTHS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Wolstenholme at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd April
1867.
I, ROBERT WOLSTENHOLME, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE FABRICS CALLED 'IMPERIALS,'
VELVETS,' 'VELVETEENS,' 'SATTEENS,' AND 'DRILLS,' WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE
ALSO APPLICABLE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FABRICS, SUCH AS 'DOESKINS,' TWEEDS,
AND OTHER FANCY WOOLLEN CLOTHS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the manufacture of such woven fabrics as are
known in the trade as "imperials," "velvets," "velveteens," "satteens," and
"drills," and the improvements consist in the novel arrangement of the healds
constituting what is termed the "tie-up," which improvements will be intel-
ligible to the practical operative by the annexed Diagrams.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BEARINGS FOR MACHINERY, AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, AND CARRIAGES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Hunt at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th July
1867.
I, BENJAMIN HUNT, of Culford, in the County of Suffolk, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF BEARINGS FOR MACHINERY, AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, AND
CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
My Invention of "Improvements in the Construction of Bearings for Machinery,
Agricultural Implements, and Carriages" has for its object to construct wooden
bearings which will not wear oval, but will wear in an uniform manner. To
this end the bearings are constructed of wood with the endway of the grain
placed at right angles to the axis of the running shaft so as to receive the friction
of the journals. On either side of the journal of the shaft there are two or more
pieces of wood of the exact diameter of the journal and hollowed out to fit it,
and above and under these two hollowed out pieces are placed one or more
other pieces of wood by which the two hollowed out pieces are held in position ;
into one or both of these upper and under pieces is dovetailed or otherwise
secured a smaller piece of wood so placed that the end of the grain may be
presented to the journal. The bearings will thus be prevented from wearing
oval, as the end of the grain of the wood will always be presented to the journal,
and the middle pieces will wear their extremities to knife edges, and thus
render the bearings at all times easily adjustable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Nathan Smith at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st December
1867.
I, NATHAN SMITH, of the Borough of Kingston-upon-Hull, Joiner, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in stoves. In order to
increase the heating power of open stoves or fire-places in addition to the
ordinary communication with the chimney, which can when desired be closed
by a register door or damper, I employ two side flues or passages formed in the
moulding around the fire-place or grate; this moulding is made to project
forward into the room from the face of the chimney breast beyond the front
plate of the stove. There are openings into these flues or passages in the
cheeks of the stove, one on either side, and by and through these openings
the draft from the fire enters. The flues or passages meet at the top and the
draft issues from them into the chimney; it passes by a valve which can be
opened or closed at pleasure. It will be seen that when the draft is made to
traverse the side flues or passages the moulding which forms them becomes
heated, and as this projects forward it assists in radiating heat into the room
and in warming the air therein.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COUNTER-CHECK BOOKS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION, left by James Fraser and George Duncan
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 4th November 1867.
We, JAMES FRASER, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Stationer, and
GEORGE DUNCAN, of the same Place, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COUNTER-CHECK BOOKS," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention relates to that class of counter-check books used by drapers,
grocers, and others in which each leaf or slip in the book is divided by per-
forations for convenience in separation into three parts, these parts are know
as (a.) the buyer's check, (b.) the counterfoil, and (c.) the seller's check. It
has been the practice hitherto to print on the face of each slip, on each of the
three portions a corresponding distinguishing number or character,-and-also-to-
print the invoice heading on the same or face side of each slip on the buyer's
check. The mode of using a slip consists in folding back the buyer's check
over the counterfoil and interposing a sheet of carbonized paper so that a fac-
simile of any writing or figures made on the buyer's check is left on the
counterfoil. It has been found exceedingly inconvenient in practice, involving
the loss of much time, to check the receipts in the counting-house after the
day's sales, in consequence of the corresponding distinguishing numbers or
characters being on the opposite sides of the counterfoil and seller's check to
those on which the writing or figuring was made.

page_text: The object of our Invention is to provide the said check books in such
form that the labour of checking the recepts will be greatly reduced and
much time saved. For this purpose we print the invoice heading on the faces
of the seller's checks in the usual manner, but instead of printing the
distinguishing numbers or characters on the faces of the slips we print them
on the back thereof on all the three portions on a part not likely to be
written over. By so doing the said distinguishing numbers or characters
appear one on the back of the buyer's check which is of no importance and the
other two, from the mode of use above explained, on the same sides of the
counterfoil and seller's check on which the writing and figures appear. The
said corresponding distinguishing numbers or characters are printed at one
operation, slip-after slip, by consecutive numbering or any ordinary printing
machine or press. In practice we usually print on large sheets both before
and after they have been perforated, and cut out the slips, which are afterwards
bound up into books of the required size.
AN IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF MECHANISM OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR UNDERMINING, HOLEING, AND CUTTING COAL
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Scarisbrick Walker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th February 1867.
I, JOHN SCARISBRICK WALKER, of Wigan, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF MECHANISM OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR
UNDERMINING, HOLEING, AND CUTTING COAL," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to apparatus for cutting coal by the process called
"holeing," which is effected by recessing or grooving out a horizontal channel
near the bottom of the face of the coal, and when the support of the "coal
face" is so removed the upper portion is detached and brought down by
wedges inserted above; the operation is at present of necessity performed
with "picks" by miners lying in a horizontal position.
My Invention consists in the novel employment and use of a horizontal disc
or wheel mounted on a vertical shaft and furnished around its periphery with
cutters, such disc being caused to revolve by means of bevil and spur gearing
actuated by a crank shaft, which is driven by the action of compressed air,
steam, or motive power acting on pistons enclosed in cylinders, the whole
being mounted on a framing on wheels travelling on rails or tramways. The
propulsion of the whole is effected in a self-acting manner by meaus of a worm.

page_text: actuated from the main driving pinion and gearing into a worm wheel on the
frame or carriage wheel; thus when the apparatus passes along the face of
the coal the revolving wheel cuts out a channel at the bottom and prepares
the coal for subsequent splitting off by wedges, and the machine is substituted
for the difficult hand labor of the miner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING AND TWISTING MACHINES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Benjamin Gray and
Samuel Gibson Sinclair at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 26th June 1867.
We, WILLIAM BENJAMIN GRAY and SAMUEL GIBSON SINCLAIR, both of
White Abbey, in the County of Antrim, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING AND TWISTING
MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a new and improved mode of regulating the
tension of the thread or yarn during the filling of the bobbin. This object is
effected by the use of a cylinder or tube firmly fixed on the builder rail; on
this cylinder or tube the bobbin is placed. The diameter of the cylinder or
tube is greater or less, either in a part or parts of or throughout its length, so
that the bobbin may fit upon it more or less closely and thus increase or
diminish the friction according as the material to be spun or twisted may
require more or less drag. The spindle is of the ordinary construction, and
passes through the cylinder or tube above described.
THE PURPOSE OF PRODUCING AN OPTICAL ILLUSION OF APPARENTLY BEHEADING OR OTHERWISE DISMEMBERING A HUMAN BEING
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Simmons at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th December
1867.
JOSEPH SIMMONS, of Ravenscourt Park, Hammersmith, London, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"THE PURPOSE OF PRODUCING AN OPTICAL ILLUSION OF APPARENTLY BEHEADING OR
OTHERWISE DISMEMBERING A HUMAN BEING," to be as follows:-
The illusion is to be performed without the aid or use of plate glass,
chemicals, chair, table, or any other of the means or appliances hitherto used
or employed. A picture or other representation of a cavern is placed at the
back of the stage as a background, and while the performer is entering the
cavern a piece of loose rock falls on his head and to all appearance crushes
it and severs it from the body. This appearance is produced by instantaneously
inserting the head into a cap or box without the assistance of the hands.
This box is coloured to a shade exactly corresponding (while viewed by the
audience) to that used for representing the background or other portion of the
scene, and which although several feet nearer to the audience than the scene is
quite indescernable while it remains to cover the apparently dismembered
portion of the performer. In this box or cap is a vessel or series of vessels
containing blood or some other liquid to represent blood, and as soon as the
head is inserted into the cap or box, and brought into a vertical position, the.

page_text: liquid runs down through a series of tubes and disperses over the neck of the
performer. This apparatus is rendered self-acting by being brought into
the vertical position, and the performer does not require to use his hands
from the commencement to the completion of the illusion. The disappearance
of the head or other member may be effected in sundry other ways by the
introduction of a variety of scenes in which a person might be dismembered
either by design, plot, or accident. This illusion also differs essentially from
all other existing Inventions inasmuch as it can be performed with or
without the conferation or assistance of any person besides the one performer,
all previous illusions having necessitated the raising of a curtain to expose
the object which has been prepared behind the curtain, or otherwise by intro-
ducing a second person to aid in the deception.
AN IMPROVED LEVEL
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
October 1867.- A communication from abroad by John Webster
Cochran, of the City and State of New York, and Charles Wells, of
Bridgeport, Connecticut, both in the United States of America.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the "International Patent Office," No. 8,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Con-
sulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED LEVEL," a communication, to be as follows:-
The said Invention relates to the construction of an apparatus in which the
surface line of a liquid enclosed within a hollow disc of glass, or partly of
glass, indicates upon a graduated circle or scale the angle or inclination of
any surface upon which the apparatus is placed. The said disc may be formed
of two circular plates of glass, one of which is provided at its periphery with
a projecting rim or ledge. The surface of the said ledge is well fitted and
ground upon the surface of the other plate, and the two plates are united by any
suitable cement. The hollow disc may also be formed in one piece by blowing,
or may be constructed of one glass and one metal plate united at their
circumference. The hollow disc is provided with an aperture, which after the
liquid is introduced is closed by a tightly fitting plug or stopper. The liquid
by preference employed is alcohol, and the hollow disc is about half filled with
the same, so that the surface line of the liquid extends across the greatest
diameter of the disc. The glass case or disc thus formed and filled with the

page_text: spirit or other liquid is placed in a frame or ring of metal or other suitable
material which is provided with a graduated circle or scale. The said frame
is constructed with a base or foot, which is planed or otherwise made perfectly
straight. When this base is placed upon any surface the angle or inclination
of the same is shown by the surface line of the liquid across the entire
diameter of the disc, the degree of the said angle being indicated by the
figures around the graduated circle or scale.
The apparatus may also be provided with a moveable base which is jointed
to one end of the frame and is adjusted to any required angle upon a quadrant
by set screws or other suitable devices. The frame of the apparatus may be
made of brass or other suitable metal or material, and may be of any desired
length and shape. A lid or cover may be provided to protect the glass case
from injury.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DOORS AND WINDOWS, AND FASTENINGS FOR THE SAME
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Alexander Kennedy at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th July 1867.
I, ROBERT ALEXANDER KENNEDY, of Alderley Edge, in the County of
Chester, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DOORS AND WINDOWS, AND FASTENINGS FOR THE SAME,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention is chiefly applicable to the windows generally known as
"French windows" opening either inwards or outwards, and it consists in
making the sashes so that they can be raised on their hinges above the bottom
bead forming part of the frame. The sashes are hinged to the frame by
sliding hinges, or by a rod fixed to the sash passing through eyes fixed to the
frame, and the lower end of the rod fits into or rests upon the end of a treadle
lever mounted on a stud below the window or door frame or fixed to the floor.
The sashes have grooves in the bottom and sides fitting on ribs fixed to the
frame, and their meeting joints are made with overlapping projections, either
with or without packing, to exclude wind, rain, and dust. The two sashes
are fastened by an ordinary shot bolt, spring latch, or other fastening, the
lower ends of the sashes when the door or window is closed sink below and
are held by the beads of the frame, also by a spring catch or hooked rod and

page_text: handle, and the tops of the sashes are connected to the frame, or to a top sash
(when a top sash is used) by a hooked rod and handle or by a self-acting
catch fixed to the lower sash fitting in a slotted plate or on to a projection
fixed to the top sash or frame. When the door or window has to be opened
the shot bolt or other equivalent is unfastened, and on depressing one end of
the treadle lever the sash is raised sufficiently to lift the lower portion above
the bead of the frame, the sash is then opened, and on releasing the treadle
the sash rests upon the bead, the friction between the two keeping the sash
open at any required angle; on closing the sash the weight thereof causes it
to drop on to the lower part of the frame behind the bottom bead, thus securely
shutting the door or window, while the shot bolt or other fastening used
effectually prevents the door or window from being opened from the outside.
AN IM- PROVED FASTENER FOR NECKTIES OR OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES FOR LADIES' OR GENTLEMEN'S USE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Vaughton and Oliver
Vaughton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 26th September 1867.
We, THOMAS VAUGHTON and OLIVER VAUGHTON, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, trading under the Style or Firm of Vaughton and Sons,
Jewellers, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention for "AN IM-
PROVED FASTENER FOR NECKTIES OR OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES FOR LADIES' OR
GENTLEMEN'S USE," to be as follows (that is to say):
Our Invention is adapted for holding and attaching the bow ends or parts
of a necktie, ribbon, or kerchief, and consists of a front part which may be
ornamented to any extent by being chased, engraved, jewelled, enamelled, or
otherwise, and to this part a back is attached by a convenient joint, to which
part by preference a stud or other convenient elastic or non-elastic projection
is applied for the better holding (from lateral action) the tie or ribbon on its
inside, while an additional stud may be used for attachment with the collar or
neckband of the shirt or other part of dress. The back and front parts
aro united by a spring, snap, or other joint. And this same metallic connector
will be found convenient, elegant, and adaptable for the uniting of neck
ribbons and kerchiefs, or cap and bonnet strings for ladies' use, in which casu
the additional stud would not be required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ANNEALING OR TREATING CAST-IRON ARTICLES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Kennedy at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th March 1867.
I, JOHN KENNEDY, of the Firm of John Law and Company, of Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark, North Britain, Ironfounders, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ANNEALING OR TREATING
CAST-IRON ARTICLES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the annealing or treating of cast-iron articles, and
is advantageously applicable in the manufacture of cast-iron hollow ware and
similar comparatively thin or light articles which require turning or other
finishing tool work.
The Invention consists in putting the articles into a muffle or furnace in
which the fire gases surround without entering the receiving chamber. The
articles are not covered with charcoal or the like, nor packed in any way as
in ordinary annealing processes, but are allowed to acquire a moderate red
heat, whereupon they are removed and are allowed to cool at once.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS AND VALVES USED FOR REGULATING OB RESTRAINING THE FLOW OF WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS, STEAM, OR GASES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Graham Stuart at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th April
1867.
I, GRAHAM STUART, of Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS AND
VALVES USED FOR REGULATING OB RESTRAINING THE FLOW OF WATER OR OTHER
LIQUIDS, STEAM, OR GASES," to be as follows:-
The outer portion of the said tap or valve constructed according to my
improvements is made in two parts, each part consisting of a hollow tube or
pipe, and terminating at one end in a semi-spherical or cup-shaped concavity,
one concavity being slightly larger than the other; each concavity is surrounded
at its greatest diameter by a flange, by which flanges the two said portions or
parts are connected or joined together by screws and nuts or otherwise, thus
forming by the bringing together of the said semi-spherical parts an interior
spherically formed concavity, one-half being of a slightly larger diameter than
the other. Enclosed within this said spherically formed concavity is a ball
formed so that every section taken at right angles to its axis shall be a true spiral;
this said ball works on an axis or trunnions projecting out through the sides
of the said spherically formed concavity at right angles to the direction of the
before-mentioned tubes or pipes. To one end of the said axis is attached an
ordinary handle or lever for turning the said ball to open or shut off the tap;
the larger or extended half of the said ball is fitted accurately to the smaller of
the said semi-spherical concavities, and being slightly eccentric to its working

page_text: centre can be readily turned hard up against the surface of the said semi-
spherical concavity against which it works, and thus completely close the
entrance of that one of the before-mentioned tubes or pipes on the side of the
larger half of the said ball, while a quarter turn in the opposite direction will
turn the said ball from the surface of the last-mentioned concavity, and thus
open the entrance of the last-mentioned tube or pipe; the other semi-spherical
concavity being made larger, as before mentioned, in order to allow the larger
or extended half of the said ball to clear, or pass it when turned away from the
smaller semi-spherical concavity, and will also leave a space around the said
ball, through which space the water or other liquid, steam, or gas can pass on
its cours to its intended destination; though, if desirable, the ball may also
have a bore through it as an additional passage for the liquid, steam, or gas.
When necessary a stuffing box may be employed to prevent any escape of
liquid, steam, or gas from between the surfaces of the said axis and the
surrounding bearings thereof.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Eadie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th June 1867.
I, ROBERT EADIE, of Blaydon Iron Works, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AXLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in axles for railway rolling
stock, and for common road vehicles, whereby the necessary strength and
durability are obtained at a less cost than ordinary steel axles, whilst at
the same time the improved axles when worn out are not absolutely useless,
but may to a certain extent be worked up again.
According to this Invention it is proposed to cover the whole or a portion
only of an ordinary forged iron axle with steel of such a thickness as may be
considered sufficient to withstand the wear and tear to which the axle is to be
subjected. In applying the steel covering to the axle the forged iron axle is
placed whilst in a heated state in a mould of sufficient size to leave a space
surrounding the axle of a width corresponding to the thickness of the steel
required, and into this space melted steel is poured in; so soon as the melted
steel has set in the mould the steel covered axle whilst still at a welding
beat is removed from the mould and placed under a hammer, where the
whole is well forged. When these axles are worn out the wrought-iron core
in the interior of the axle may be utilized and worked up in lieu of the entire
axle being rendered useless.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TYRES FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER WHEELS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Newman at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th March
1867.
I, JAMES NEWMAN, of Small Heath, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TYRES FOR RAILWAY AND OTHER WHEELS," to be as
1 lows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of tyres
for railway and other wheels. For this purpose a plate or slab of metal or
suitable length and width is slit by means of a circular saw or otherwise along
the centre line and nearly from end to end, that is to say, a length is left
uncut at each end of the bar somewhat greater than one half the width of the
original plate or slab. The plate or slab thus prepared is placed in dies or
stamps by which its undivided ends are expanded and opened out at each
end of the slot or saw cut in such manner that the surfaces which in the
original plate or slab formed one continuous plane are now brought face to
face opposite each other; the tyre is then finished by rolling or by rolling
and turning, a flange being by these means produced upon it if required.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN AGRICULTURAL APPARATUS CALLED 'HORSE RAKES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Reuben Sims and John Prest at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
13th July 1867.
We, REUBEN SIMS, of the Firm of Picksley, Sims, and Company, Limited, of
Bedford, in the County of Lancaster, Agricultural Implement Manufacturers,
and JOHN PREST, of the same Place, Accountant, do hereby declare the nature
of our said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN AGRICULTURAL APPARATUS
CALLED 'HORSE RAKES,"" to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to a description of agricultural apparatus termed and
now commonly known as "horse rakes," which are implements employed to
rake hay together, and are actuated by horse power.
The improvements consist, first, in so constructing and arranging the
apparatus that the "lifting bar" of the rake shall be above the teeth of the
rake instead of below as at present; by which improved arrangement the hay
is prevented from lodging on the bar and becoming scattered behind the rake
where the ground should be clear, and the trouble of disengaging the hay from
the bar is also avoided.
Secondly, the Invention is designed to allow a portion of the teeth to
fall into hollows when passing over uneven ground, this is effected by means
of joints on the "rake bar," and the employment of a counterbalance weight
which assists in more readily releasing the rake when full from the load of hay
it gathers.
CHROMO EIDOTROPE FOR DISSOLVING VIEWS & OPTICAL EFFECTS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Hill at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th February
1867.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT HILL, of 66, Vauxhall Walk, Lambeth, S., do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for the "CHROMO EIDOTROPE FOR
DISSOLVING VIEWS & OPTICAL EFFECTS," to be as follows:-
It consists of the usual dissolving view slides with mechanical motion.
And that my Invention in connection with the same may be clearly under-
stood I will refer to the accompanying Drawings, as follows:-
A is a band construction fitted to and causing to revolve two wheels B in
opposite directions, by which pleasing and varied patterns are produced, and
may be exhibited with dissolving view apparatus or in the hand. Instead of
the bands A a rack apparatus may be substituted if desired. But the particular
portion to which I would refer as being my Invention is as follows:-The
revolving portions B are to be of glass (instead of the usual zinc), upon which
transparent medium photographs may be taken and color introduced by.
means of gelatine, oil, varnish, water colors, and stained glass; whereas the
first "eidotrope" consisted of merely circular pieces of perforated zinc revolving
over each other and non-transparent, and entirely devoid of the important
element of color.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS FROM BARRELS OR OTHER CLOSED VESSELS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Hunter Bentham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
November 1867.
I, ROBERT HUNTER BENTHAM, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS FROM
BARRELS OR OTHER CLOSED VESSELS," to be as follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of facilitating or hastening the
flow of liquids from barrels or other closed vessels without permitting the
external air to come into contact with the liquid.
The improvements consist in the novel application and use of an elastic
or compressible bag, bladder, or vessel which may be made of caoutchouc,
gutta percha, membrane, or other material, and such bag is to be enclosed
within the barrel and communicate with the atmosphere by means of a tube
passing through the bung or stopper closing the opening to the barrel. When
the barrel or vessel is full of liquid the air is expelled, and the bag is com-
pressed thereby; but as the liquid is withdrawn the air passes down the tube
and expands the bag, exerting pressure on the liquid and facilitating its flow
without direct contact therewith.
AN IMPROVED ICE-MAKING APPARATUS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Whitford at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th July 1867.
I, JOHN WHITFORD, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Ice Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
ICE-MAKING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to provide an ice-making apparatus without
working parts suitable alike for torrid and temperate zones, so simple that it
can be managed by the most unexperienced person. For this purpose I
construct an apparatus with one vessel within another, the outer one of a
cylindrical or other form, so that motion can be given thereto by rolling it to
and fro on a table or other smooth surface. The inner vessel is employed to
contain the water to be frozen, and the space between the two vessels to contain
the freezing mixtures, or vice versa. By preference I fit lids to the said
apparatus at both ends, the one opening to the freezing mixtures and the
other to the ice. It will be obvious that the said apparatus can be used to
cool liquids or solids as well as freeze water and other liquids.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM PUMPS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ephraim Death at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th December
1867.
I, EPHRAIM DEATH, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM PUMPS," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists, firstly, in arranging the crank shaft of direct-acting
pumping engines in such a manner that when the engine is fixed horizontally
the centre of the crank shaft shall be above the centre line of pump piston, the
crank shaft working in bearings fixed or cast upon the barrel of the pump. By
this means the eccentric for working the slide valve of the steam cylinder can
be placed in a direct line and level with the valve spindle or rod.
The Invention also consists in forming a boss or cross head upon the plunger
or centre of piston rod also above the longitudinal centre line, this boss
forming a bearing for one end of the connecting rod or rods, the other end of
the connecting rod working upon a crank pin inserted at a proper distance
from the centre of crank shaft. To give the requisite stroke of piston and plunger
this crank pin is inserted into the boss of a small fly wheel to form a crank
when one connecting rod only is used, but in some cases two rods may be used,

page_text: one on each side, then two fly wheels may be used, or one fly wheel and a
crank on the opposite side.
The Invention also consists in forming a projecting shoe or slide on the
opposite side to the cross head boss on plunger or piston rod, this shoe or slide
extending low enough to work upon a raised face or guide cast upon the bed 5
plate which carries the cylinder and pump.
CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR RETAINING THE OUTER ENDS OF TAPES, RIBBONS, AND OTHER SIMILAR NARROW FABRICS AND PAPER
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gervase Marson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th December
1867.
I, GERVASE MARSON, of Eagley, near Bolton, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR RETAINING THE OUTER ENDS OF TAPES,
RIBBONS, AND OTHER SIMILAR NARROW FABRICS AND PAPER," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the retention of the outer end (which is ordinarily
left unfastened or loose) of tapes, ribbons, and similar narrow fabrics or paper,
and consists in the application and use of a metallic wire or other suitable
material or thin plate employed as a binding or retaining band, cincture, or
loop, so bent or formed as to embrace the loose end, also the fold or layer
or folds of tape or ribbon beneath such loose end, so that as the loose end
(which projects slightly beyond the said band or cincture) is pulled to unwind
the tape or fabric the band runs or slides upon the lower fold or layer, and
constantly holds the upper layer on to the lower, so that wherever the tape is
cut the remaining and projecting end is held close and prevented from
unwinding further.
This Invention is applicable to narrow fabrics or paper made up in the
form of rolls, banks, or laid around cards or boards, or in other forms where
it can slide on the lower layer, when the upper and outer end is pulled or
drawn, and if desirable the part of the band may be provided with a roller
revolving loosely thereon to diminish the friction when unwinding.
AN IMPROVED SELF- ACTING AND VENTILATING NOSE OR FEED BAG FOR HORSES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Adams Knight and Charles
Bastand at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 11th May 1867.-Partly a communication from abroad
by Nathaniel Knight, Esq., of Auburn, Maine, United States of America.
We, JOHN ADAMS KNIGHT and CHARLES BASTAND, of 42, Hanway Street,
Oxford Street, London, Engineers and Sewing Machine Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SELF-
ACTING AND VENTILATING NOSE OR FEED BAG FOR HORSES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to construct a nose or feed bag for horses
and to affix the same in such a manner that the horse will be able to feed
from the bag with the same ease and freedom as from a manger by having a
ventilating bag in a fixed position, and yet leaving the horse's head in perfect
freedom of motion.
In constructing a nose or feed bag according to this Invention we make
the nose or feed bag of canvas or any other suitable textile fabric, which bag is
ventilated by inserting one or more pieces of perforated zinc or wire gause,
thereby admitting a current of air to the interior of the bag, which bag is
suspended by cords, straps, bands (elastic or otherwise) or chains which pass
over or through pulleys, rings, or loops, which said pullies, rings, or loops are
attached to straps or cords passing over the top and in front of the horse's

page_text: head, cords, straps, bands, or chains, from which the bag is suspended. after
passing over or through the pullies, rings, or loops aforesaid are carried back
and attached or fastened to the saddle, back strap, crupper, or other part of the
harness, or they can be attached or fastened to the shafts or other part of
the carriage. This Invention can be applied by suspending the self-acting
and ventilating nose or feed bag or any other kind of nose or feed bag to any
ordinary bridle, and carrying the cords, bands, or chains by which the bag is
suspended through any part of the bridle, and attaching such cords, bands, or
chains to any part of the harness or carriage.
A NEW OR IMPROVED CARTRIDGE FOR BREECH- LOADING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Edmond Green and John
Green at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 21st September 1867.
We, CHARLES EDMOND GREEN, of 13, Blandford Street, Portman Square, in_
the County of Middlesex, and JOHN GREEN, of Windermere Cottage, Winch-
more Hill, Edmonton, in the said County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED CARTRIDGE FOR BREECH-
LOADING FIRE-ARMS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in a new method of construction and manufacturing
of military and other cartridges carrying their own ignition, which shoot out
direct from the barrel, thereby entirely obviating the necessity of an expensive
and metallic case which requires to be extracted after each shot.
way,
To accomplish this desirable end we construct a cartridge case in the usual
but we prefer using waterproof paper; we then place a small portion of.
detonating powder or other suitable explosive compound between two or more
pieces of pasteboard or other suitable material, which pieces of pasteboard are
perforated and pressed down upon the powder; upon this pasteboard a layer
or layers of vulcanized india-rubber or other material is placed, through
which the pin or striker of the breech apparatus penetrates the cartridge at
its base, thus causing the explosion.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Thomas Webster and
William Oxley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 4th December 1867.
We, JOSEPH THOMAS WEBSTER, of Mansfield, in the County of Nottingham,
Gentleman, and WILLIAM OXLEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Mill Furnisher, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in an arrangement whereby the drag necessary for
spinning and doubling is obtained, and in such manner that it can be varied
in amount as required.
The spindle is placed within a tube, to which it is connected by a pin and
slot, and its lower part is provided with a flange having an inclined surface;
upon this a circular plate rests, carried by a collar, within which is a boss sur-
rounding the spindle, but of larger diameter; this boss may therefore be
moved backward or forward by an excentric or similar means, so that the
aforesaid plate may be caused to bear upon the inclined flange at different
distances from its centre of motion, the drag being thus capable of variation.
The plate and flange may be formed as a groove and wedge. The regulation
of the drag may be for a series of spindles or for each one separately.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING SMOKE AND VAPOURS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Matthews Hocking at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
January 1867.
I, JOSEPH MATTHEWS HOCKING, of Marshal Keate, Poplar, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING SMOKE AND
VAPOURS," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object to condense the smoke and vapours of
various descriptions arising from furnaces, or from chemical, metallurgical,
and other processes, for preventing both the loss arising from the passing away
of such smoke and vapours, as also the nuisance and injury at present
arising therefrom. For this purpose I cause the said smoke or vapour to
pass through one or more closed receptacles containing water, either by pro-
ducing a partial vacuum above the surface of the water in such receptacle
or receptacles by means of any suitable known arrangement of pump, whereby
the said smoke or vapours will be drawn through the water in the form of
bubbles, and will thereby be effectually condensed; or I draw the smoke or
vapour directly from the furnace or apparatus by means of the pump, and
force it through the water in the said receptacle or receptacles; or I first
draw the smoke or vapour through the water in one receptacle by means of
the pump, which is then made to force the uncondensed portion through the
water in one or more other receptacles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DIGGING POTATOES, TURNIPS, & OTHER ROOTS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Jack at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th July
1867.
I, ALEXANDER JACK, of Maybole, in the County of Ayr, North Britain,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DIGGING POTATOES, TURNIPS, & OTHER ROOTS,"
to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention, which has for its object a very effectual, rapid, and
economical mode of digging out of and leaving on the surface of the ground
in a loose and clean state so that they may be readily picked up, certain roots,
such as potatoes, turnips, and others of similar form, consists as follows: -A
framework of iron is employed which is supported on wheels, so that it may
be dragged over the surface of the field out of which the roots have to be
dug. The attendant follows behind the digging apparatus, and at the place
where he is situated the handle of a lever is placed. The lever is jointed to
the main framing, and its opposite end is attached to a frame placed below it.
The frame carries the digging or root raising apparatus, which consists of a
grated or gridiron plate; this is situated at an angle with the plane of the
field from which the roots are to be raised, so that as it is drawn over the
ground this root raising plate may enter the surface of the ground in such
manner that its lower edge descends below the level of the under side of the
roots which are to be raised. The use of the lever herein-before referred to
is to adjust the elevation or depression of the root raising plate below the
surface of the ground. One of the large wheels which carry the apparatus

page_text: has a circular toothed ring fixed on to it, the teeth of which gear into and
when the apparatus is in motion actuate a pinion on a cross shaft to which a
series of arms are fixed; these arms revolve in proximity to the root raising
plate, and as they revolve their effect is to separate and throw back on the
surface of the dug ground the roots that have been raised on to the plate. This
last operation cleanses and separates the roots from the earth or soil in which
they have been embedded, and the cleaning action may be further improved
by attaching chain harrows to the back of the apparatus, which in passing
over the roots rub them still cleaner.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR WARMING AND VENTILATING BUILDINGS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Matthew Semple at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th March
1867.
I, MATTHEW SEMPLE, of Axminster, in the County of Devon, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF
AND APPARATUS FOR WARMING AND VENTILATING BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to warm several apartments or rooms from
one and the same fire-place. For this purpose I construct at the back and
sides of or in close proximity to a stove, kitchen range, or other fire-place
in a lower apartment of the building an air-tight casing or chamber, into
which air is conducted by pipes communicating with the outer atmosphere or
otherwise. These pipes may if required be carried through or round the fire-
place before reaching the casing, other pipes from the casing are led up the
Blue or otherwise, and into other rooms or apartments of the building, where
they are furnished with valves or taps. The air which enters the casing
becomes heated by the fire-place and passing up the outlet pipes may be
allowed to issue into one or more of the other rooms as required by opening
the valves or taps in those rooms. In summer when no fire is lighted the
same arrangement serves to admit cold air as required into the several
apartments for ventilating the same. The casing is preferably constructed
of iron faced with fire-brick or other protective material where the fire or
heat comes most directly in contact with it.