Improvements in Moulding Bricks of Fire Clay and Bricks (or Briquettes") Commonly known as Bath Bricks.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 8th Aug., 1889-Accepted. 14th Sept., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Moulding Bricks of Fire Clay and Bricks (or
Briquettes") Commonly known as Bath Bricks.
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I, MOSES BOWRING, of West Boldon, in the County of Durham, Brick Maker, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The material of which "Bath bricks" and the higher qualities of fire bricks are
made is of such a soft, spongy and tender nature that when moulded it will not bear
handling, out of the mould, hence it is necessary to turn each brick out of the mould
to be deposited on a board called a pallette to he carried to the drying floor and this
involves considerable waste of labour and time. No successful method has yet been
worked by which "Bath bricks and the higher qualities of fire bricks can be
moulded and delivered from the mould, to be carried to the drying floor, leaving the
mould ready to be refilled.
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My invention effects these objects by the operation of what I call a "rising mould
which, when the brick is moulded, rises clear of it, leaving it free to be moved upon
the pallette board upon which it has been moulded. Although the
rising moulds'
may be used with a hand moulding press I propose to fit them so as to be operated
by power and to work automatically. The material is delivered from the "pugging
mill" into moulds, in a revolving table, each of which contains the quantity required
for one brick and these moulds I prefer to make cylindrical in form, each with a
rising and falling, piston like, bottom which when the moulds are charged by the
pugging" mill, are at the extreme end of the moulds but, as the table revolves,
an inclined plane, cams or other mechanical device, forces up the pistons in the
moulds and delivers the cylindrical blocks of material in regular rotation ready to
be taken to the press which forms the important part of my invention and which I
will now describe as 1, at present, propose to construct it.
"
An intermittently revolving horizontal table carries a number of moulds which,
whon being charged with the material from the "pugging" mill, have their lower
edges closed by the pallette board resting upon the upper surface of the table and are
open at top. The mould being charged a die descends by automatic mechanism and
presses in the material at the same time impressing it with my name or device and
then returns automatically. The mould now, by the revolving of the table and suit-
able gear, is caused to rise clear of the moulded brick which is removed on the
pallette, another pallette with mould ready for being filled, being presented when the
operation is repeated. The number of bricks capable of being made and delivered by
the press depends upon the number of moulds fitted to the table and the hands
employed in filling the moulds and removing the moulded bricks but with 8 moulds
I propose to make 1,200 bricks per hour with 8 hands viz.:-1 to receive the blocks
of clay from the pugging mill, 2 to fill the moulds, to remove the moulded brick,
1 to introduce the fresh pallette boards, and 3 to convey the bricks from the press ;
the bricks never being handled after they are moulded until they are dried and ready
for the kiln.
Dated this 8th day of November 1888.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Moulding Bricks of Fire Clay and Bricks (or
"Briquettes") Commonly known as Bath" " Bricks.
66
I, MOSES BOWRING, of West Boldon, in the County of Durham, Brick Maker, do
hereby declare the nature of said invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
.:
The material of which "Bath bricks" and the higher qualities of fire bricks are
made is of such a soft, spongy and tender nature that when moulded it will not bear
handling, out of the mould, hence it is necessary to turn each brick out of the mould
to be deposited on a board called a "palette" to be carried to the drying floor and
this involves considerable waste of labour and time. No successful method has yet
been worked by which "Bath bricks" and the higher qualities of fire bricks can be
moulded and delivered from the moul!, to be carried to the drying floor, leaving the
mould ready to be refilled. My invention effects these objects by the operation of
what I call a rising mould" which, when the brick is moulded, rises clear of it,
leaving it free to be moved upon the "palette" board upon which it has been moulded.
Although the "rising moulds" may be used with a hand moulding press
I propose to
fit them so as to be operated by power and to work automatically.
I will now describe my improved press as propose to construct it. A revolving
horizontal table carries a number of moulds which, when being charged with the
material from the "pugging" mill, have their lower edges closed by the "palette
board resting upon the upper surface of the table and are open at top. The mould
being charged a die" descends by automatic mechanism and presses in the material
at the same time impressing it with any name or device and then returns automati-
cally. The mould now, by the revolving of the table and suitable gear, is caused to
rise clear of the moulded brick which is removed on the palette, another "palette" with
mould ready for being filled, being presented when the operation is repeated, the
bricks never being handled after they are moulded until they are dried and ready for
the kiln
"
On the accompanying sheet of drawings which illustrate my invention as I propose
to carry it into practical application to a machine driven by mechanical power.
Fig. 1. is a vertical section, Fig. 2. a plan on top, Fig. 3. a side elevation, Fig. 4.
a plan of the mould table shewing the 8 moulds and Fig. 5. is a plan of the guide
frame for the dies.
A is the table, carrying the moulds M, which is revolved by the main vertical
shaft B, driven by power through the crown wheel C, but has no rising and falling
motion. D is the guide plate, also revolving with the shaft B, and carrying
with it, in square bearings, the shanks of the 8 “dies" E, two only of which are
shown.
The upper end of each shank is fitted with a small wheel F which runs within an
undulating groove G in the upper part of the frame of the machine. In this Fig.
the two opposite moulds M are shewn resting upon the "palette" boards H on the
table A ready for being filled, the small wheels J on lower ends of the rods K working
in guides L and attached to the moulds M being at the bottoms of the stationary
undulating track N upon which they travel. The two opposite "dios" E are shewn in
their highest position in the stationary undulating groove G in which they travel.
The moulds having been filled the "dies" E, by the action of the undulating groove G,
descend and press the bricks into the mould, the moulding of the bricks is completed
and they are ready for removal.
On Fig. 3 one of the moulds M is shewn raised from the table A into its bighest
position by the wheel J at lower end of its shank having mounted to the "apex" of

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one of the undulations in the stationary track N and the moulded brick is now left
clear of the mould and the "die" E by the further revolution of the "die guido
plate D, in the undulating groove G, is raised clear of the brick which is then removed
on its palette and another palette inserted when the same operation is repeated the
mould M, having descended onto the inserted palette and the die E having
reased its highest position, leaving ample space for refilling the mould as shown on
Fig. 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I desire it to be under-
stood that I make no claim to the construction and operation of the mechanism to
effect the various movements required, as these movements may be effected by a
great many mechanical combinations, but I declare that what I claim as my
invention is :-
For the purpose of moulding bricks of fire clay or other soft and tender material
and bricks or "briquettes" commonly known as "Bath" bricks the application of a
rising and falling mould whereby the moulded brick is left by the mould ready for
removal upon a "palette" board, or other portable appliance, without the necessity
of handling either the mould or the moulded brick substantially as described and
shown.
ugust 7 1889.
T. J. DANSON, F.I.P.A.,
2, St. Nicholas Buildings, Newcastle upon Tyne, Agent for Applicant.