IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING COAL, CLAY, LIME AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Sheppard of Ogmore Foundry, Bridgend, in the
County of Glamorgan, Engineer for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING COAL, CLAY, LIME AND OTHER
SUBSTANCES
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Charles Sheppard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th August 1883.
CHARLES SHEPPARD of Ogmore Foundry, Bridgend, in the County of Glamorgan,
Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING COAL,
CLAY, LIME AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
"
My invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus for crushing
coal either wet or dry, clay, lime and other substances which it is required to
reduce in size whereby a much smaller amount of power is required to drive the
machinery, necessity for excessive speed is avoided and the wear and tear of the
machinery is consequently reduced and the substances operated on are reduced to a
more uniform degree of fineness.
In carrying out my invention I employ a set of rolls (three in number) so placed
that one of the rolls. which is suitably fluted acts as a crushing roll by contact with
a larger and heavier roll hereinafter described and reduces the coarser material to
such a size as will allow it to pass readily to be finished by passing between a
smooth or finely grooved or fluted roll caused to revolve at a suitable speed by
means of a pulley and gear wheels and the hereinbefore mentioned heavy roll
which may also be smooth or finely grooved or fluted and is so placed as to rest
on the lower roll, so that when the lower roll is caused to revolve it carries round
the upper roll, which is of a diameter and weight suitable for effecting the crushing
of the substances to the desired degree of fineness and may consist of one casting
or a series of plates of iron or steel of the required diameter and sufficient in
number and thickness to make up the desired width; the larger crushing roll is
held in position by two arms fitted at one end with suitable bearings to receive a
shaft passing through the crushing roll so that the crushing roll is free to revolve
by contact with the lower or driven roll, and at the same time can adjust itself to
the unequal thickness of the substance being crushed, the weight of the heavy
crushing roll being always on the substance being operated on during its passage
between the two rolls.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
the same by reference to the accompanying drawing in which figure 1, is a side
elevation; figure 2, an end elevation and figure 3, a plan of a machine or
apparatus for crushing coal, clay, lime and other substances constructed according
to my invention. Similar letters in all the figures represent similar parts.

page_text: A, B, and C are the rolls for crushing the substances which it is required to
reduce in size A, being the feed crushing roll, B, the upper or large crushing roll
and C, the lower crushing roll; D, D, are the arms pivotting at one end on the
shaft E, the free end of the arms being provided with the bearings F, receiving the
shaft G, passing through the large crushing roll B.; the arms D, D, serve to hold
the large or heavier crusliing roll in position, allowing it to revolve freely by
contact with the lower roll C, and at the same time to accommodate itself to tlie
thickness of the substance being crushed; H, is a hopper into which the substance
or material to be crushed is placed; I, is a regulating slide to regulate the supply
of the material from the hopper to the crushing rolls A, and B, hy raising or
lowering the slide; J, J, are the standards or frame of the machine; K, is a fly
wheel keyed on the driving shaft L, to cause the machine to work steadily; M, is
the driving pulley; N, gearing for actuating the roll A, and O, gearing for
actuating the roll C.
By this construction the substance or material to be crushed being placed in the
hopper H, will pass between the fluted feed roll A, and the large heavy roll B,
whereby the large lumps or coarser portions of the material will be reduced in
size; the said material thus reduced in size then passes on between the rolls B,
and D, and is thereby reduced or crushed to the desired degree of fineness; the
machine requires a much smaller amount of power to drive it than those hitherto
constructed, the necessity of driving the machine at a high rate of speed is avoided,
thus considerably reducing the amount of wear and tear and the substances are
crushed to a more uniform degree of fineness.
Having thus described my invention and the best means with which I am
acquainted for carrying the same into effect I wish it to be understood that what I
claim is:-
Firstly. In a machine for crushing coal, clay, lime and other substances, the
employment of a set of rolls (three in number) so arranged as to reduce the coarser
portion of the material to a suitable size by passing it between two of the rolls
whereby it is enabled to pass readily between one of the said rolls and a third
roll in order to further reduce the material to the required degree of fineness-
substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in the accompanying
drawing.
Secondly. In a machine for crushing coal, clay, lime and other substances the
employment of a set of rolls (three in number) two of which are driven by a pulley
and suitable gear; the third roll being driven by contact with one of the other two
rolls substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and represented
in the accompanying drawing.
Thirdly. In a machine for crushing coal, clay, lime and other substances the
arms D, D, pivotted at one of their ends to the frame of the machine and carrying
the roll B, at their other ends substantially as and for the purposes herein before
described and represented in the accompanying drawing.
Fourthly. The general arrangement and construction of machinery for crushing
coal, clay, lime and other substances, substantially as herein before described and
represented in the accompanying drawing
In witness whereof I the said Charles Sheppard have hereto set my hand
and seal this twentythird day of August in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.