A New or Improved Machine or Mechanism for Moulding, Working, and Pressing Butter, Margarine, or like substances.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 16th Jan., 1892-Accepted, 20th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Machine or Mechanism for Moulding, Working,
and Pressing Butter, Margarine, or like substances.
I, JAMES MCADAM, Manager of the Valleyfield Dairy Company, Limited,
of Tarff, Kirkcudbrightshire, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be
as follows:-
This invention has reference to and comprises a new or improved construction of
machine, or arrangement and combination of mechanism for moulding, working,
and pressing butter, margarine, or like substances into rolls, lumps, or any other
shape and form required, and be more efficient and economical than by hand labour
ns heretofore.
Under one construction and arrangement the new or improved machine consists
all as follows, Of an enclosing case or box preferably of wood and of rectangular
shape formed in two parts, a lower and an upper, portably secured together by a
joint in the centre by swivelling or hinged and screw clamps at each side. These
parts are each formed with two semicircular or concave recesses, so that when fitted
or screwed together two parallel circular or cylindrical hollow spaces are formed
longitudinally throughout the case. Into each of these spaces is fitted a longi
tudinal revolving screw, or shaping and pressing organ, preferably made of wood,
and formed of a series of semi-circular angled spirals, preferably carried on stud
spindles and bearings in the case at the one or delivery end, and by spindles and
cap or metal socket bearings outside the other end of case. The spindles of these
shaping screw or spiral rolls have each spur or toothed wheels mounted on them
gearing into each other driven by a hand lever; and these wheels may be such as
to drive the spindles and rolls at the same or at different speeds. And one of the
spindles would or may also be extended further out and carried in bearings and
have a driving pulley mounted on it which may be driven by a band from any
adjacent motive power shaft, this part of the spindle and driving pulley being put
into and out of gear with the toothed wheels by a hand lever friction clutch. The
butter to be moulded and pressed, would be fed to the revolving screw spiral rolls
of the enclosed case, through a hopper or feed hole in the top of case at its one
or back end, and be carried by these and delivered moulded and shaped through
an interchangeable mouthpiece, hole, or spout, of round square or other shape at
the other or front end. Although two spiral or moulding and shaping rolls have
been described, it will be understood that the case can be adapted to carry any
number of these. An adjustable hand or automatic cutting apparatus would or
may also be fitted to the delivery end of machine, so as to cut off the rolls or
lumps of butter or margarine to any desired length and weight as they are being
pressed out of the machine mould-.
One simple construction of the hand cutting mechanism for cutting off the rolls
of butter into pounds, half-pounds, quarter pounds, or other sizes would consist in
mounting a broad, say hard wood, hand lever fulcrumed to work vertically on a
Standard at the back of the table close over which the roll of butter would be
pressed forward in front. This lever would have a short back arm, with a spiral
or other spring attached to it behind the fulcrum which would always raise the
arm upwards when not pulled down by the handle at the upper front end of the
ong arm of the lever. A cross arm or board would be screwed to the under front
ide of this long arm by a thumb screw and slot above near the centre of the cross
This cross arm lies longitudinally over the roll of butter, and would be long
nough to carry a number of thin vertical metallic cross knives on its under
ide, say five secured to grooved blocks in their upper end. These blocks and their
rm.

page_text: knives would be secured to the longitudinal bar by screws in short slots so as to be
able to shift the knives by their blocks to different distances apart in front of the
delivery end or spout of the butter pressing machine. When the roll of butter
was sufficiently projected out in front of the delivery end of machine the hand lever
would be pulled down to the table to cut the roll into its required lengths, and
three knives would be made to cut-off one pound between the first and second, and
second and third; and with an intermediate knife between the first and second
and second and third, the roll of butter would be cut into half pounds. When the
person let go the hand lever, the spring would automatically raise this, and the
cut-off parts of the butter by the friction between the knives, from which the butter
could be removed by hand, while the machine was compressing and the roll out
ready to be cut. An automatic arrangement of mechanism for being fitted to the
pressing machine and table in front of it, for instantly cutting-off the rolls of
butter as pressed out at the delivery end, into lengths of desired weights, as pounds
or half pounds, consists of a transverse vertical reciprocating lever below the table
carrying a knife in its upper end above the table just in front of the delivery end
of the machine. The upper end of the lever would preferably be connected to the
crank pin of a short rotating crank on the front overhung end of a longitudinal
spindle carried in bearing brackets under the compressing machine geared at its
front end by a segmental spur wheel, gearing into a corresponding wheel on one of
the spindles of the butter compressors, brought into action as hereinafter stated to
bring the knife always down forward, and up in front of the roll of butter, ready for
the cutting action instantaneously and at the proper time when locked as hereinafter
described. The lower end of the knife lever is fulcrumed to the free end of a
segmentally reciprocating crank lever fulcrumed to a fixed stud on the front bracket
carrying the rotating crank shaft and other actuating mechanism. A strong blade
spring is so mounted on the said lower bracket, or it might be a two armed lever
so fulcrumed and actuated by a spiral or other spring, that the free end of the
spring or lever would act on an antifriction roller on the stud or spindle connecting
the lower end of the lever to its oscillating lever, as to pull down the knife lever
and knife from the front upward position it was brought to by its segmental bevel
wheels and rotating crank before mentioned, the crank pushing the knife through
the butter and cutting it instantly when unlocked to do so, and bring the segmental
wheels of the upper crank into action to bring the knife again forward and up
ready for instantaneous action again. A traversing guard or measuring slide would
be mounted to traverse in a slot in the table beyond the delivery end of the com-
pressor moved forward by the roll of butter as it was pressed out against the
power of a cord and light weight attached to the slide below the table, which
when free to do so would always bring it back against the roll of butter. This
slide below the table would also carry a two armed catch or pawl lever fulcrumed
on it; and a sliding locking spring bar would also be mounted to reciprocate under
the table, locking the upper end of said knife lever in the upward forward position
it was brought to by its crank and segmental gearing. The pawl in front of the
lever would fall down by its own weight and catch a sliding stop or thimble secured
on the sliding bar in any desired position to unlock this bar when the roll of
butter had traversed back to the proper length to be cut off by the action of the
back arm of the lever coming against a shifting curved stop or other equivalent
secured on a slide or slide bar under the table, at the proper inoment it was desired
to unlock the knife and its lever or bar which would instantly be pressed down by
the spring or spring lever to cut the roll of butter to the proper length and weight
desired. And as before described bring the segmental wheels on its crank spindle
into gear to bring the knife automatically into its front and upper cutting position
as before described; the traversing slide in the front table coming forward again
as each cut piece of butter was removed.
Dated the 16th April 1891.
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Machine or Mechanism for Moulding, Working,
and Pressing Butter, Margarine, or like substances.
1, JAMES MCADAM, Manager, of the Valleyfield Dairy Company, Limited, of
Tarff, Kirkcudbrightshire, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement in writing, that is to say :-
This invention has reference to and comprises a new or improved construction
of machine, or arrangement and combination of mechanism for moulding, working
and pressing butter, margarine, or like substances into rolls, lumps, or any other
shape and form required, and be more efficient and economical than by hand labour
as heretofore.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, in which the same reference letters
are used to indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of my improved mechanism and
Figure 2 a plan view of the same.
Figure 3 is an end view corresponding to Figure 1 showing the automatic acting
cutting mechanism.
And
Figure 4 shows a transverse section of the moulding and pressing case; while
Figures 5 and 6 show end and front views of the hand cutting mechanism.
Referring to these drawings-Under one construction and arrangement the new
or improved machine consists all as follows :-Of an enclosing case or box preferably
of wood and of rectangular shape formed in two parts A, A, a lower and an
upper, that is portably secured together by a joint in the centre at A' by
Swivelling or hinged and screw clamps A or other equivalent at each side.
These parts A A are each formed with the semicircular or concave recesses A², so
that when fitted or screwed together two parallel circular or cylindrical hollow
spaces are formed longitudinally throughout the case with a fine division between
them. Into each of these spaces A' is fitted a longitudinal revolving screw B 11,
or equivalent shaping and pressing organ, preferably made of wood, and forined of
a series of semi-circular angled spirals B preferably right and left handed respec-
tively carried on stud spindles B", 1", and bearings in the case at the one or
delivery end, and by solid spindles and cap or metal socket bearings 132 fitted
on these outside the other end of case A A. The projecting spindles of these
shaping screw or spiral rolls B, B', have each spur or toothed wheels & mounted
on them gearing into each other, the spindle being driven by a hand lever or
balance wheel on it or on a secondary driving shaft with wheel gearing into one
of the wheels or "; and these wheels " may be such as to drive the spindles
and rolls at the same or at different speeds. And one of the spindles & would or
may also be extended further out and carried in bearing blocks or frames
have a driving pulley & mounted on it which may be driven by a band from any
adjacent motive power shaft, this part of the spindle band driving pulley & being
put into and out of gear with the toothed wheels by a hand lever gab or friction
clutch The butter to be moulded and pressed, would be fed to the revolving
screw spiral rolls B B of the enclosed case A, through a hopper or vertical feed
recess in the top of case A at its back or driving end, and be carried by these
and delivered moulded and shaped through an interchangeable mouthpiece, hole, or
spout at B of round square or other shape at the other or front delivery end
of the box A. Although two spiral or ioulding and shaping rolls B B', have
been described, it will be understood that the case can be adapted to carry a
greater number of these.
and
An adjustable automatic or hand oscillating cutting apparatus would or may also

page_text: be fitted to the delivery end B of machine, so as to cut off the rolls or lumps of
butter or margarine to any desire length and weight as they are being pressed out
of the machine moulds.
"
The automatic arrangement of mechanism fitted to the pressing machine and a
table in front of it, for instantly cutting-off the rolls of butter as pressed out at the
delivery end, into lengths of desired weights, as pounds or half pounds, consists
of a transverse vertical reciprocating lever C shown particularly in Figure 3
below the table D carrying a knife in a slot at its upper end above the
table D just in front of the delivery end nozzle B of the machine. The centre
boss of the lever C is connected by a slot and pin to a longitudinal spindle C
carried in bearing brackets under the compressing machine A, and table D with a
continuation of this spindle C geared at its rear end by spur wheels at C
actuated from the first motion shaft . The shafts C2, C", are connected by a gab
coupling clutch C, so as to be brought into action as hereinafter stated to bring or
oscillate the knife CC, always forward, in front of the roll of butter, and cut it at
the proper time when the coupling Cis brought into action as hereinafter described,
the weight. C on the lower arm of the lever bringing the knife C' back to its
normal position ready for the next cut, as seen in this position in Figure 3.
What I term the "trip mechanism consists of a double armed lever E, E
fulcrumed on a centre stud at E" fixed in any position in a long horizontal
slot E in a vertical kneed fixed frame E³ which also carries the bush bearings of
the shaft and the table D is fulcrummed by hinged studs at D' secured in
vertical slots D" in the said frame E', so as to raise the table to suit any delivery
nozzle 1 or roll of butter being delivered from the machine. The lower arm E
of the lever E work in an angled circumferential grooved cam E secured by a
screw to suit any position of the shaft C that the lever E is shifted to,
and the upper arm of the lever carries a blade or vane E³ above the table.
The action of the cutting mechanism is as follows:-The clutch C on the
cutter spindle Cruns inside a box C which has a twisted groove in a
loose sleeve c round it in which a pin c fixed in the clutch C runs as shown
in Figure 1A, and throws the clutch and the knife lever C on it out of gear
with its driving clutch on the shaft C", as soon as knife C has passed through
the butter. The balance weight C on knife boss, then brings the knife C fully
round and leaves it in its normal position for trip lever E E throwing it into gear
again. The boss of lever C has a longitudinal groove c' cut in it in which a pin or
key fixed in spindle C works back and forward as cutter is thrown in and out of
gear, and it is this pin c" that oscillates the knife. A lever F F is fulcrumed on
the frame E, mounted at end of spindle C2 and has a small roller 12 at top and
balance weight at Fat bottom, and the tilt table D rests on this roller D². A
crank is fixed on end of spindle in such a position that as soon as butter is
cut it oscillates the lever from under tilt board D which then drops, and the
butter rolls off on to an inclined delivery board D'. This inclined board D' has a
number of papers laid on it and when butter comes in contact with it the paper
adheres to the butter and as it rolls over it the butter is thus automatically wrapped
up. The tilt board D has a balance lever and weight beyond its fulcrum at D'
which exactly balances it and brings it back into position when butter rolls off, so
that when crank Fon spindle Cleaves lever under tilt board D, the balance
weight brings it back into position again which keeps weight of butter from tilting
board until crank again relieves it.
One simple construction of the hand cutting mechanism for cutting off the rolls
of butter into pounds, half-pounds, quarter-pounds, or other sizes would consist in
mounting a broad, say hard wood, hand lever G G fulcrumed to work vertically
at G on a standard G at the back of the table D which in this case is stationary
and close over which the roll of butter would be pressed forward in front. This
lever G, G', has a spiral or other spring G³ attached to its lower arm G' behind
the fulcrum and have the lower end of the spring attached to the standard G' so
that the spring G would always raise the arm upwards when not pulled down

page_text: by the handle at the upper front end of the long arm of the lever. A long
cross or longitudinal arm or board g' is screwed to the under front side of this
This
long arm by a thumb screw and slot above near the centre of the cross arm.
cross arm g' lies longitudinally over the roll of butter on the table D and would
be long enough to carry a number of thin vertical metallic cross knives on
its under side, say five, secured to grooved blocks g" in their upper end.
These blocks g and their knives would be secured to the longitudinal bar
by screws in shallow slots so as to be able to shift the knives by their blocks
to different distances apart in front of the delivery end or spout of the butter
pressing machine. When the roll of butter was sufficiently projected out in
front of the delivery end of machine the hand lever G would be pulled down
to the table D to cut the roll into its required lengths by the knives g³, and
three knives 1, 2, 3, would be made to cut-off one pound between the first nud
second, and second and third; and with an intermediate knife 4 between the first
and second, and one 5 between the second and third, the roll of butter would be cut
into half-pounds. When the person let go the hand lever g, G, the spring G
would automatically raise this, and the cut-off parts of the butter by the friction
between the knives g from which the butter could be removed by hand, while the
machine was pressing out a fresh roll on to the table.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what I
claim is.-
First. The construction or arrangement and combination of the parts of a
machine or mechanism for moulding, working, and pressing butter, margarine, or
like substances, and cutting off and delivering same in fixed sizes or weights,
substantially as herein described, in reference to and shown in the accompanying
drawings.
Second. The construction and use of an enclosing box or case formed with
cylindrical recesses in which work revolving screws or equivalent shaping and
pressing organs, for moulding working and pressing butter, margarine or like
substances, substantially as and in the manner herein described in reference to and
by way of application shown in the accompanying drawings.
Third. In a machine for moulding, working, or pressing butter, margarine or
like substances, the construction and use of an automatic acting knife or cutting
mechanism for cutting off and delivering the butter or like substances in any
required size or weight, substantially as and in the manner herein described in
reference to and by way of application shown in the accompanying drawings.
Fourth. In a machine for moulding, working, or pressing butter, margarine, or
like substances, the combination and use of a hand operated knife or cutting
mechanism for cutting off the butter or like substances in any required size or
weight, substantially as and in the manner herein described in reference to and by
way of application showing in the accompanying drawings.
1000
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.