IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING LIQUID IN THE FORM OF SPRAY
Year: 1884

page_text: We SAMUEL OWENS and CLEMENT EDWIN OWENS both of Whitefriars Street
in the City of London Engineers do hereby declare the nature of our invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING LIQUID IN THE FORM OF
SPRAY" to be as follows:-
Our invention has reference to apparatus for distributing liquid in the form of
spray and more particularly to apparatus for use in hop gardens for applying
liquid in the form of spray to the hop plant in order to destroy blight thereon, but
the improved apparatus is also applicable to distributing liquid in the form of spray
for other purposes.
An important feature of our invention is that the liquid to be distributed is
forced by the pressure of compressed air through a pipe to a distributing nozzle
where it is met by a concentric blast of air which reduces it to a state of spray or
very fine division.
In carrying out our invention we employ a chamber for containing the liquid
and a chamber for compressed air; these 2 chambers may conveniently be made by
dividing an air tight box by a vertical partition. In connection with the air
chamber is a pump or other suitable apparatus by which air can be forced into it
so as to raise the pressure therein to the required degree. The upper part of the
air chamber communicates with the upper part of the liquid chamber. From the
lower part of the liquid chamber is carried a pipe which is of any required length
and terminates in a nozzle. This pipe is preferably flexible.
From the upper part
of the air chamber is also carried a pipe of corresponding length to the last named
pipe; it is likewise by preference flexible and for convenience is attached to the
other pipe for the greater part of its length. At its front end it enters the nozzle
before described and terminates concentrically within it at a short distance from
the end, the passage for the liquid in the nozzle being therefore annular.
The action of the apparatus is readily understood:-The necessary pressure
having been obtained in the air chamber and consequently upon the surface of the
liquid in the liquid chamber, a cock on the liquid pipe is opened; the pressure of
air will thus force the liquid through this pipe to the nozzle; at the same time
compressed air will flow through the air pipe to the same nozzle and as this air
[Price 6d1

page_text: will strike against the annular film of liquid as it issues from the nozzle it will
blow the liquid into the state of spray. The pipes being flexible the nozzle can be
directed to any part or at any angle required.
The pumps or air compressors may be worked by hand or other power but for
hop gardens or other horticultural purposes we prefer to connect the pumps by
gearing with the wheels on which the apparatus is mounted, so that as the
apparatus is drawn or propelled along the ground the revolution of the wheels
works the pumps.
Deted this sixteenth day of May 1884.

page_text: We SAMUEL OWENS and CLEMENT EDWIN OWENS both of Whitefriars Street;
in the City of London, Engineers do hereby declare the nature of our invention
for "
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING LIQUID IN THE FORM OF
SPRAY and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
"
Our invention has reference to apparatus for distributing liquid in the form of
spray and more particularly to apparatus for use in hop gardens for applying
liquid in the form of spray to the hop plant in order to destroy blight thereon, but
the improved apparatus is also applicable to distributing liquid in the form of spray
for other purposes.
An important feature of our invention is that the liquid to be distributed is
forced by the pressure of compressed air (or gaseous fluid) through a pipe to a
distributing nozzle where it is met by a concentric blast of air (or gaseous fluid)
which reduces it to a state of spray or very fine division.
In
In carrying out our invention we employ a chamber for containing the liquid
and a chamber for compressed air; these two chambers may be made by dividing
an air tight box by a vertical partition; we have however found in practice that
an undivided air tight box the lower portion of which constitutes the liquid
chamber and the upper portion the air chamber will answer the purpose.
connection with the air chamber is a pump or other suitable apparatus by which
air can be forced into it so as to raise the pressure therein to the required degree.
From the lower part of the liquid chamber is carried a pipe which is of any
required length and terminates in a nozzle. From the upper part of the air
chamber is also carried a pipe of corresponding length to the last named pipe; for
convenience it is attached to the other pipe for the greater part of its length or it
may be contained within the other pipe. At its front end it enters the nozzle,
before described and terminates concentrically within it at a short distance from the
end, the passage for the liquid in the nozzle being therefore annular,
The action of the apparatus is readily understood:-The necessary pressure
having been obtained in the air chamber and consequently upon the surface of the
liquid in the liquid chamber, a cock on the liquid pipe is opened; the pressure of
air will thus force the liquid through this pipe to the nozzle; at the same time
compressed air will flow through the air pipe to the same nozzle and as this air
will strike against the annular film of liquid as it issues from the nozzle it will
blow the liquid into the state of spray. The pipes are preferably flexible so that
the nozzle can be directed to any part or at any angle required. The pumps or air
compressors may be worked by hand or other power.
Figure 1 of the annexed drawings is a side elevation, Figure 2 an end elevation
and Figure 3 a plan of an apparatus constructed according to our invention and
adapted for use in hop gardens. Figure 4 is a section on a larger scale of one of
the cocks hereinafter described for regulating the discharge of liquid and com-
pressed air from the air tight box. Figure 5 is a section also on a larger scale of a
nozzle and of a portion of the pipes which respectively conduct the liquid and air
blast thereto. a is an air tight box which is shewn as mounted on wheels b, b
and fitted with shafts c, c. The lower portion of this box, say up to the dotted
}

page_text: 9, 9 are two
line & constitutes a chamber for the liquid to be distributed and the upper portion
constitutes a chamber for compressed air. e, e are two pumps worked alternately
by means of a lever f (or otherwise) for forcing air into the box a.
pipes carried up from the lower part of the box a to the upper part where each of
them communicates with a corresponding cock h which controls the outlet there-
from the pipes g, g have strainers i, i at their lower ends. From the cocks h the
pipes g, g are continued by pipes g¹, gl, which are of any required length and by
preference flexible; they each terminate in a corresponding nozzle j. In the upper
part of the box are two air outlets k which are also controlled by the cocks h, h.
These outlets are continued beyond the cocks by pipes, likewise by preference
flexible; these pipes are shown as situated within the pipes g, g but this is not
important; they should however be attached to the pipes g, g for the greater part
of their length, their outer ends enter the nozzles j as clearly seen in Figure 5 and
terminate concentrically within them. The liquid is introduced at the man-hole Z.
The cocks h, h should be closed while the necessary pressure in the box a is being
produced by means of the pumps e, e. When this pressure has been attained the
cocks h, h are opened; the pressure upon the surface of the liquid in the box will
then force the liquid through the pipes g, g-g', g' to the nozzles j; at the same time
compressed air will flow through the pipes to the same nozzles and as these
blasts of air will strike against the annular films of liquid issuing from the nozzles
they will blow the liquid into spray. We have shown the apparatus as provided
with two discharge pipes, nozzles and cocks to enable the spray to be discharged
upon the hop bines at both sides of an alley while the apparatus is drawn through
it, but the number of discharge pipes and corresponding parts is optional.
Figure 6 represents an apparatus suitable for use in ordinary gardens for
distributing spray over roses or other plants or shrubs. The action is the same as
in the apparatus shewn in Figures to 5 except that there is only one discharge
pipe.
a is the
Figure 7 represents our apparatus applied for distributing liquid in the form of
spray for the purpose of washing or scrubbing gas. The liquid employed in this
case will be water or ammoniacal liquid while the compressed fluid will be gas.
Similar letters to those in Figures 1 to 5 indicate corresponding parts.
vessel containing the liquid to be distributed. e, e are the pumps for forcing the
gas into the vessel a. is the cock for controlling the outlets for the liquid and
compressed gas is the pipe for conducting the liquid to the discharge nozzle j,
and within this pipe is the pipe for conducting the gas blast to the nozzle as is
seen in Figure 5. The nozzle discharges vertically at the upper part of the
scrubber m.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
1. Constructing apparatus for distributing liquid in the form of spray in such
manner that the liquid to be distributed is forced by the pressure of compressed air
or gaseous fluid to a distributing nozzle where it is met by a concentric blast of air
or gaseous fluid which reduces it to a state of spray or very fine division sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described.
2. Constructing apparatus for distributing liquid in the form of spray sub-
stantially as herein before described and represented in the annexed drawings.