Improvements in or relating to Water or Wind Motors.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd July, 1898-Accepted, 21st Jan., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Water or Wind Motors.
I, JEAN CONSTANTIN ZUKOWSKI, of 42, Boulevard Bonne Nouvelle, Paris, in the
Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The water or wind motor forming the subject of this application, is of the
character of a mill the chief feature of which is that it automatically adapts
itself without any rudder, to any direction of current by which it is to be actuated
that may prevail at the time.
In order to make the invention better understood, it will be described by way
of example with reference to the accompanying drawing in which,
Fig. 1 is a plan of a motor according to this invention
Fig. 2 a vertical section on line -y of Fig. 1, and
Fig. 3 shows, on a reduced scale, an arrangement suitable for large motors.
From the point of view of construction, there is no difference between a water
and a wind motor, except that the transmitting pinion is preferably arranged
under the motor for wind motors, and above it for water motors.
To a vertical spindle A are secured two flanges or collars H to each of which
are attached spokes or horizontal arms B, the number of which may vary accord-
ing to the diameter or size of the motor. These arms are held apart and stayed
by horizontal members I which render the apparatus very rigid..
At the points of intersection of the stays I and arms B, there are secured
vertical rods C preferably of circular cross section connecting the upper and
lower series of arms B and serving as pivots for movable vanes E occupying the
space comprised between the horizontal arms B.
The vanes E may be of sheet metal or other suitable material, and be pro-
vided with hinges or rings F by means of which they are connected to the rods C.
Other stays D and DI are preferably also secured to the arms B and they or
other suitable stops, serve to limit the motion of the vanes E, which are thus
prevented from moving through more than half a circle, being always stopped
by said stays, and always on the same side thereof.
To prevent the arms B from being bent by the weight of various parts of the
motor, ties K may connect them at the points of intersection of the arms B and
of stays I, to a fixed collar L on the shaft A.
.
For a water motor, it will be sufficient to fix in the stream etc., a pile M and
to secure to the top of it a step-bearing P in which the lower pointed end of the
spindle A can rotate.
The working of the motor will be now easily understood. Assuming that a
stream or current of air acts in any direction, say that indicated by arrows Y
in Fig. 1, and that said current is divided into two parts by an imaginary line
parallel to it and passing through the axis of the motor, the vanes E on the
eft hand side of said line. are pressed by said current against the stays D, and
said stays transmit the pressure to the whole apparatus which then turns in the
[Price 8d1

page_text: direction indicated by arrow Z. The vanes on the right hand side of the
imaginary division line, are on the contrary moved away from their stops D and
consequently being free will assume the direction of the current like a weather
cock, without offering resistance to the movement of the apparatus imparted by
the vanes on the left hand side.
It will be easily understood that no change of current will affect the working
of the motor, since it will be always in the conditions required for effective
working.
For a water motor, the stays D may be rendered detachable or movable so that when
required, all the vanes E may turn in the direction of the stream, and the motor
be thus put out of action.
For motors of large size to enable the vanes to take up the direction of the
current without having to make too long a travel after having left their stops D,
there may be arranged on the arms B. as shown in Fig. 3 a series of vanes e
as abutments for the ad-
the pivot spindles of which serve at the same time
jacent vanes. This series of vanes on each arm B acts in the same manner as a
single vane.
It will be seen from the drawing that the arms or spokes B are continued
outwards and carry stays D¹ or stops serving to prevent the vanes from describing
a complete revolution about their spindles, such as might occur in case of a
sudden change of wind or an eddy in the water.
These extensions of the arms B as well as the stays D¹ may be dispensed with
when the motor is placed in a very regular stream or current.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A water or wind motor comprising a vertical spindle carrying two parallel
series of radiating arms connected together by vertical stays each of which acts
limited by a stop so
as a pivot for a movable vane the movement of which
that the current acts only on that side of the motor on which the vanes are in
contact with the stops, the vanes on the other side turning in the direction of
the current.
2. A water or wind motor comprising a vertical spindle carrying two parallel
series of radiating arms connected together by vertical stays acting as pivots
for movable vanes the movement of which is limited by stops near the centre of
the motor and also by stops on the outer ends of the radiating arms, substantially
as described.
3. A water or wind motor comprising a vertical spindle carrying two parallel
series of radiating arms connected together by vertical stays acting as pivots for
a series of movable vanes arranged between each corresponding pair of radiating
arms, the pivot rod of one vane acting as a stop for the outer edge of the adjacent
vane, substantially as described.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete water
or wind motor substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 o
in Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 21st day of July 1898.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.