Improvements in or connected with Apparatus for Indicating Rise of Temperature, applicable more especially as a Fire-alarm.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Sept., 1890-Accepted, 6th Dec.,
1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Apparatus for Indicating Rise
of Temperature, applicable more especially as a Fire-alarm.
We, JULIUS Sax of 7 Ridgmount Street Store Street in the County of Middlesex
Electrical Engineer and EDWARD DONOHOE of 39 Church Street Kensington in the
said County Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows
This invention relates to apparatus of the class wherein the occurrence of a rise of
temperature above any predetermined point is caused to give an electric alarm by
causing expansion of air in a closed chamber to make contact in the case of an open
circuit or to break the circuit in the case of a closed circuit which normally breaks
the circuit of the alarm.
The object of this invention is to provide an arrangement which is simple in
construction and efficient in action and which will automatically indicate any defect in
the arrangements which would prevent its proper action.
According to our invention the closed chamber is provided with a part (preferably
a corrugated metal diaphragm) which is capable of moving when the air inside the
chamber expands on the temperature rising above the normal.
We will describe the invention as applied to a closed circuit which normally acts
upon a polarized relay to break the circuit of a bell or other alarm signal as that
is the arrangement which we prefer as a defect in the main circuit will then be
indicated.
In proximity to the diaphragm of the closed chamber is a spring which normally
closes the main circuit. This spring is preferably mounted on a bridge piece crossing
above the diaphragm and the said spring is provided with a screw which can be
adjusted nearer to or further from the diaphragm according to the limit of temperature
at which it is desired that the alarm shall be given.
In the main circuit is a polarized relay which normally breaks the alarm eircuit but
when the main circuit is broken from any cause the relay operates to close the alarm
circuit and give the alarm.
There may be connected together to one bell or alarm apparatus any number of
circuits from different places for instance different rooms in a house and in each alarm
circuit an annunciator may be placed to indicate the place or apartment from which
the indication of rise of temperature proceeds.
On the
In apparatus of the foregoing description should any leak occur in the closed
chamber the apparatus becomes inoperative and it is therefore essential that the alarm
This we effect according to our
should be given on the occurrence of any leak.
5 invention as follows. We make or leave a small opening in the closed vessel and we
then subject it to heat whereby the air therein expands and some of it leaves the
chamber we then close the opening and allow the chamber to cool when the air
contracts and the diaphragm is pressed inwards by atmospheric pressure.
occurrence of a leak air entering the vessel causes the diaphragm to move and operate
0 the spring in the manner in which it does so when the air therein is expanded on a
rise of temperature and so the alarm is given not only when the rise of temperature
occurs or when any defect occurs in the circuits but also when a leak occurs in the
closed air chamber. We prefer to provide in each circuit an interrupter by which
the circuit can be made and broken to test the efficiency of the apparatus.
0041 day of December 1889.
n

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Apparatus for Indicating Rise
of Temperature, applicable more especially as a Fire- alarm.
We ALFRED LOUIS SAX of 7 Ridgmount Street Store Street in the County of
Middlesex Electrician and HARRY BARNED LEWIS BARNED in the will of the deceased
applicant called Harry Lewis Barned of 10 Cambridge Square Hyde Park in the
said County Gentleman and LEWIS EMANUEL of 36 Finsbury Circus in the City of
London Gentleman and VICTOR ABRAHAM NATHAN of Allum Street Mills Aucouts
Manchester in the County of Lancaster Manufacturer Executors of Julius Sax
deceased late of 7 Ridgmount Street Store Street in the County of Middlesex
Electrical Engineer and EDWARD DoxoHOE of 9 Church Street Kensington in the
said County Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :——
This invention relates to apparatus of the class wherein the occurrence of a rise of
temperature above any predetermined point is utilized as the means whereby an
electric alarm is given by reason of the said rise of temperature causing expansion
of air in a closed chamber to make contart in the ease of an open circuit or to break
the circuit in the case of a closed circuit which normally breaks the circuit of the
alarm.
The object of this invention is to provide an arrangement which is simple in
construction and efficient in action and which will automatically indicate any defect in
the arrangements which would prevent its proper action.
The closed chamber is provided with a part (preferably a corrugated metal
diaphragm) which is capable of moving when the air inside the chamber expands ou
the temperature rising above the normal.
When the invention is applied to an open circuit the said circuit will include the
bell or other alarm signal and the rise of temperature will cause the circuit to be
completed and the bell to ring or other alarm signal to be given.
When the invention is applied to a closed circuit the current in the said circuit
may normally act upon a polarized relay so as to maintain broken the circuit of the
bell or other alarm signal. When the rise of temperature occurs the circuit which
was before completed is broken and the polarized relay then causes the bell or signal
circuit to be completed and the alarm signal to be given. In this arrangement a
defect in the main circuit will be indicated as it will cause the alarm signal to be
given.
We will describe with reference to the accompanying drawing an arrangement
wherein a normally broken circuit is employed.
Figure is a plan and Figure 2 is a section of an apparatus constructed according
to this invention.
d
3
A. is the closed chamber containing the air by the expansion of which under the
action of heat the circuit is completed to cause the signal to be sounded. The top A
thereof is made of thin corrugated metal. On the bridge piece B there is mounted 4
a spring carrying a metal serew Cadjustable in the said piece d. The outer end of
the spring rests upon the support secured to the piece which insulates the spring
from the bridge piece B. Eare the wires connected to the terminals to which are
secured the circuit wires leading to and from the bell or other signalling device and
also including the electric battery. The wire E is connected to the metal piece with 4
which the spring is in metallic contact. The wire is in contact with the metal
piece which by the screw bridge piece B and metal pieces conducts the current
to the top A of the closed air chamber. Normally the top of the said chamber is
out of contact with the screw Cand so the circuit is broken. By adjusting the screw
nearer to or further from the diaphragm the device can be set to give the alarm when 50
ny desired temperature is reached.
degree the air in the chamber A expands and the top A moves outwards and makes
On the temperature rising to any predetermined
g

page_text: contact with the screw C whereby the electric circuit between the battery and the bell
or signalling device is completed and the alarm is given. When the device is to be
used with a normally completed circuit which retains the bell or signal circuit broken
the spring normally closes the circuit, the wires E and being connected the
one (E) to the metal piece to which one end of the spring d is fixed and the other
wire (F) being converted to the metal piece on which the free end of the spring
normally bears the said piece being then connected metallically to the piece B and
the wire being connected to the piece j. In the main circuit is a polarized relay
which normally breaks the circuit in which the bell or signalling device is included
but when the main circuit is broken owing to rise of temperature or other cause
expanding the chamber A and lifting the spring & from its contact with the piece the
relay operates to close the alarm circuit and give the alarm. There may be connected
together to one bell or alarm apparatus any number of circuits from different places
for instance different rooms in a house and in each alarm circuit an annunciator may
be placed to indicate the place or apartment from which the indication of rise of
temperature proceeds. In apparatus of the foregoing description should any leak
occur in the closed chamber the apparatus becomes inoperative and it is therefore
essential that the alarm should be given on the occurrence of any leak. This we
effect according to our invention as follows. We make or leave a small opening in
the closed vessel and we then subject it to beat whereby the air therein expands and
some of it leaves the chamber we then close the opening so as to make the chamber
perfectly air tight and we then allow the chamber to cool when the air contracts and
The diaphragm is pressed inwards by atmospheric pressure. On the occurrence of a
leak air entering the vessel causes the diaphragm to move and operate the spring in
the manner in which it does so when the air therein is expanded on a rise of tem-
perature and so the alarm is given not only when the rise of temperature occurs or
when (in the case of using a normally completed main circuit) any defect occurs in
the circuits but also when a leak occurs in the air chamber. We prefer to provide in
each circuit an interrupter by which the circuit can be made and broken to test the
efficiency of the apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is—
In an apparatus for indicating rise of temperature electrically an air chamber withi
a flexible portion or diaphragm and treated as hereinbefore described so that it is kept
in an abnormal condition by external air pressure so as to operate to give an alarm
when leakage occurs.
T
1600
DO.
ALFRED LOUIS SAX.
HARRY BARNED LEWIS BARNED.
LEWIS EMANUEL.
VICTOR ABRAHAM NATHAN.
EDWARD DONOHOE.