Improvements in Elastic Wheels.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 8th June, 1891-Accepted, 11th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Elastic Wheels.
WILLIAM OWEN AVES of 46 Barbican, in the City of London, Mechanical
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is designed to attain the maximum amount of benefit to be
derived from the employment of wheels with elastic peripheries, and to supply a
wheel which shall be both elastic and noiseless and at the same time durable, and
which by cutting off all vibration and concussion from the frame of the wheel, and
from the body of the vehicle, shall ensure the greatest amount of ense to the
quadruped driven and the greatest amount of comfort to persons driving, while
protecting the wheels and vehicle from unnecessary wear and tear.
To effect this I construct my tyre of four several parts, which I will designate
Nos. 1. 2. 3. & 4. Of these several parts 1 is the U-shaped inner part of the
tyre to which the spokes are attached, and which has this peculiarity, that it is by
preference somewhat greater in sectional width than the outer tyre hereinafter
described. 2 is the rubber which forms the clastic cushion between the inner and
outer parts of the tyre. This rubber is grooved longitudinally on that part of its
exterior surface which comes into contact with the outer part of the tyre, and it
may also have longitudinal interior cavities if preferred. These grooves or cavities
containing air, will form pneumatic cushions which assist the elasticity of the wheel.
It is also fitted to the inner tyre 1, in such a way as to be parallel with the edges
of the metal and presents an apparently level surface with the exterior of No. 1.,
thus giving it the appearance of an ordinary wooden felloc. The parts 3 & 4 form
the outer tyre and when separate resemble the letter L., but when united they are
in section somewhat similar to the upper half of the letter T inverted. They
present a smooth outward surface to the road, and have channels formed by their
lateral projections which receive the india rubber 2. They are connected by rivets
or screws placed crossways through their centre ribs, which when joined form a
tongue of metal in the centre of the rubber, or if preferred, as in the case of
omnibus or other heavy wheels I may shrink on a tyre in the usual manner, and
place the two Ls slightly apart. Between the surfaces of these ribs I insert a
strip of leather, vulcanized fibre, or other sound-absorbing material, which acts as
a pad and deprives the tyre of its usual metallic ring. This ensures great freedom
from noise on stony or macadamized roads.
My improved tyres are not welded but are caused to meet so that their ends butt
together, the joint of No. 3 being of course at a different part of the circumference
to the joint of No. 4.
In order to attach the wooden spokes of the wheel to the part No. 1, I insert
and fix iu the end of the spoke a small socket screwed both internally and
externally. I then screw into the socket a small pin the outer end of which has a
male thread which engages with the female thread in the socket. This male
thread also engages with a screwed hole prepared to receive it in the part of the tyre
No. 1. The pin carries a small toothed horizontal wheel so fitted that on being turned,
t elevates the outer end of the pin above the socket. This wheel is turned by a
mall toothed wheel working in a case specially prepared for the purpose, a slot
being left in the spoke to allow the two wheels to engage together. A shoulder on
he pin forms a stop with the lower end of the socket and the pin being tightly
crewed into the part No. 1 holds the spoke securely in position.
Dated this 8th day of
11000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Elastic Wheels.
I, WILLIAM OWEN AVES of 46 Barbican in the City of London, Mechanical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention is designed to attain the maximum amount of benefit to be derived
from the employment of wheels with elastic peripheries, and to supply a wheel
which shall be both elastic and noiseless and at the same time durable, and which
by cutting off all vibration, and concussion from the frame of the wheel and from
the body of the vehicle, shall ensure the greatest amount of ease both to the
quadruped driven and the greatest amount of comfort to persons driving, while
protecting the wheels and vehicle from unnecessary wear and tear.
To effect this I construct my tire of four several parts, which will
designate a, b, c, d, and which I will now describe with reference to the accoin-
panying drawings in which the fig. shews a section of my improved combination
periphery. Of these several parts a, is the U-shaped inner part of the tire to
which the spokes are attached, and which has this peculiarity. that it is by
preference somewhat greater in sectional width than the outer tire hereinafter
described. b, is the rubber which forms the elastic cushion between the inner and
outer parts of the metal tire. This rubber may be grooved longitudinally on that
part of its exterior surface which comes into contact with the inner or outer parts
of the tire as shewn at r, and it may also have longitudinal interior cavities as
shewn at, if preferred. These grooves or cavities containing air, will form
pneumatic cushions which assist the elasticity of the wheel. It is also fitted to the
inner fire a, in such a way as to be parallel with the edges of the metal, and
presents an apparently loval surface with the exterior of a, thus giving it the
appearance of an ordinary wooden felloc. The parts c, d, form the outer tire, and
when separate ench resembles the letter L, but when united they are in section
somewhat similar to the upper half of the letter T inverted.
They present a smooth outward surface to the wood and have channels formed by
their lateral projections which receive india-rubber b. They are connected by
rivets or screws placed crosswise through their centre ribs, which when joined form
a tongue of metal in the centre of the rubber, or if preferred, as in the case of
omnibus or other heavy wheels I may shrink on a tire in the usual manner, and place
the two parts c, d, slightly apart. Between the surfaces of these ribs, 1 insert a
strip of leather, vulcanised fibre, or other sound-absorbing material, which acts as a
pad and deprives the tire of its usual metallic ring. This ensures great freedom
from noise on stony or macadamized roads.
My improved tires are not welded but are caused to meet so that their ends butt
together, the joint of the part c, being of course at a different part of the circum-
ference to the joint of the part. d.
In order to attach the wooden spokes of the wheel to the part a, I insert and fix
in the end of the spoke a small socket screwed both internally and externally.
I then screw into the socket a small pin the outer end of which has a male thread
which engages with the female thread in the socket. This male thread also
engages with a screwed hole prepared to receive it in the part of the tire a
The pin carries a small toothed horizontal wheel so fitted that on being turned
it elevates the outer end of the pin above the socket. This wheel is turned by a
small toothed wheel working in a case specially prepared for the purpose,
a slot being left in the spoke to allow the two wheels to engage together.
A shoulder on the pin forms a stop with the lower end of the socket and the pin
being tightly screwed into the part a, holds the spoke securely in position.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In a wheel with clastic periphery the combination of the parts a, b, c, d, with or
without a shrunk-on outer metal tire, as herein explained and set forth.
Dated this 8th day of June 1891
S. S. BROMHEAD,
97, Newgate Street, London, E.C., Patent Agent.