A MACHINE FOR MAKING CARPET LINING AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Talbot Pitman, of the American and European
Patent Offices, 67, Gracechurch Street, London, for the Invention of
A M
STREET AD ADRIAL DO
Sealed the 30th June 1857, and dated the 1st January 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Talbot Pitman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 1st January 1857.
I, JOHN TALBOT PITMAN, of the American and European Patent Offices,
67, Gracechurch Street, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A MACHINE FOR MAKING CARPET LINING AND OTHER SIMILAR
ARTICLES," a communication from a foreigner residing abroad, to be as
follows:-
It consists in operating by mechanical means two rollers or spindles, con-
taining sheets of paper or cloth rolled thereon, so arranged in relation to a
sheet of cotton batting or other similar material, whether the same be placed
upon an intermediate roller or supplied by any other suitable means, that
when the paper sheets are unrolled they shall incase between them the cotton
sheet; in compressing between another set of rolls this combination as it
moves onward, the cotton sheet resting on the lower sheet as an apron; in
creasing the same into folds of suitable lengths for measuring, packing, &c. by
means of another pair of rollers or drums, having at right angles to the plano
of the circumference alternately ridges & grooves, playing into each other
at a suitable distance, say, half a yard from each set apart; in constructing the
platform on which the lining falls so that at a proper time the lining can be
removed in one body to be packed; also in connecting, when required, troughs

page_text: having revolving cylindrical brushes, so that the brushes may receive from
the troughs a sizing or paste, and apply the same to that side of each of
the sheets of paper coming in contact with the surface of the cotton sheet in
order to render the combination more perfect by the consequent adhesion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Talbot Pitman in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 1st July 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
TALBOT PITMAN, of the American and European Patent Offices, 67, Gracechurch
Street, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Talbot Pitman, Her special licence that I, the said John Talbot
Pitman, or my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said John Talbot Pitman, or my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"A MACHINE FOR MAKING CARPET LINING AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES,"
communication from a foreigner residing abroad, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Talbot Pitman, or my executors or administra-
tors, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
a
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Talbot Pitman, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The nature of my Invention consists in operating by mechanical means
two rollers or spindles containing sheets of paper or fabric rolled thereon, so
arranged in relation to a sheet of cotton batting or other suitable. material,

page_text: whether the same be placed upon an intermediate roller, as herein-after
described, or supplied by other suitable arrangements, that when the paper
sheets are unrolled they shall encase between them the cotton sheets; also, in
compressing between another set of rolls this combination as it moves onward,
the cotton sheet resting on the lower or under sheet as upon an apron; also,
in the mode of folding and measuring the same; also, in the construction of the
platform on which the lining falls; also, in the arrangement of the apparatus
for sizing, when required, the inner sides of the paper sheets, in order to
render the combination more perfect by the consequent adhesion.
of
I the accompanying Drawing, representing a side elevation of the machine,
a is the frame; b, b, are spindles hung at different elevations horizontally
athwart the frame. These spindles rotate in stationary bearings C, C, attached
to the frame. On each spindle is wound the paper in a continuous sheet
d, d. e is another spindle, holding the cotton bat g, resting in oblique slots f,
and parallel with and intermediate between the spindles b, b. The oblique
slotted bearings enable the spindle to advance as the lap upon it decreased
in the continuous revolution. This cotton sheet rests upon the lower roll
paper, and is supported and drawn onward by it towards and between two
rollers h, h', placed one above the other in vertical bearings i, and which act
as pressure rollers. To the shaft of the roller h the driving power is applied.
J, J', are two rollers, placed in advance of and on a level with the rollers
h, h', each having two longitudinal ridges K', K, and grooves 1, 1, so adjusted
that the ridge of one roller shall be the counterpart of the groove in the other,
and vice versa alternately. These rollers, called the "creasing rollers," are
in circumference, including the ridges and grooves, exactly two yards, or
ineasure exactly half a yard from one ridge to the next groove, and by the
alternation creates a fold, serving a twofold purpose, in connection with a
platform or box placed under the delivery of the said rollers, namely, depositing
the material in uniform folds, each of which represents exactly one yard of
the stuff; and the stuff is thus without any further manipulation accurately
measured off and conveniently folded for baling. This peculiar mode of
folding becomes necessary from the nature of the paper, which not being
susceptable to stretching, a continuous folding or rolling of the material in
one direction, besides preventing the above described method of measurement,
would result in a wrinkling of one of the paper layers, that would interfere
with the smooth disposal of the lining upon a floor. m is a platform to
receive the lining from the creasing rolls; n is a temporary front, which, being
held up by a pawl o during the folding of the stuff, can be let down to permit
the removal of the piece for baling. The two creasing rollers are geared so

page_text: as to ensure their equal action and rotation. p, p, are troughs containing
vegetable mucilage. In these troughs are hung cylindrical brushes q, q',
which are capable of rotation. These brushes, by means of counterbalances
r, are made to press and revolve against the intended inner surfaces of the
paper, covering them with a thin coating, and creating a bond of union between
the surfaces of the filling and the inner surfaces of the paper.
When the machine is intended to manufacture a lining or wadding without
the necessity of any strong adhesion between the intermediate layer and the
external sheets of paper or cloth, the pressure alone may be sufficient, and
the brushing apparatus be dispensed with.
This machine is useful not only for making carpet lining and wadding,
but also for making boiler covering, cardboard, bonnet board, and for similar
purposes where an union of two or more sheets is desired.
Having thus described my Invention and its advantages, what I claim
under the above in part recited Letters Patent is,
First, the arrangement of the spindles on which the outer sheets are placed,
in combination with the intermediate spindle containing the inner layer, or
without it, the same being operated in the manner and for the purposes
substantially as described.
Second, the arrangement and employment of the rolls h, h', in combination
with the last mentioned arrangement, for the purposes substantially as herein
set forth.
Third, the arrangement and construction of the creasing rolls j, j', when
used in this connection for the purpose of folding and measuring, substantially
as described.
Fourth, the arrangement of the sizing or glueing apparatus, operated in
the same manner and for the purposes substantially as specified.
Fifth, the box or platform with a falling front, substantially as described,
and for the purpose mentioned.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Talbot Pitman, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, on this Thirtieth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
JOHN TALBOT FITMAN. (L.S.)