IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF ESSENTIAL OILS WITH A VIEW TO THEIR EMPLOYMENT AS FUEL FOR HEATING PURPOSES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF ESSENTIAL OILS WITH A VIEW TO
THEIR EMPLOYMENT AS FUEL FOR HEATING PURPOSES."-A communi-
cation from abroad by Giovanni Pagliari, of Paris, in the Republic
of France, Chemist.
Sealed the 1st July 1873, and dated the 3rd February 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 3rd February 1873.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF ESSENTIAL OILS WITH A
VIEW TO THEIR EMPLOYMENT AS FUEL FOR HEATING PURPOSES," a communication
to me from abroad by Giovanni Pagliari, of Paris, in the Republic of
France, Chemist, to be as follows:-
-
This Invention consists in solidifying essential oils, and more especially
petroleum, with a view to their application as fuel to heating purposes,

page_text: by bringing such oils in contact with solid porous bodies having the
property of absorbing essential oils, such for example as wood sawdust,
pumice stone, and more particularly coke.
It is further proposed to combine essential oils (especially petroleum)
with other inflammable substances, which may also be used as fucl; for
example, with oils of the same inflammable nature in a solid or concrete
form, white resin, colophany, and such like substances; and to obtain a
homogeneous mixture with petroleum oil for the purposes of heating by
the following process, that is to say :-I take, say two parts of petroleum,
one part of white resin, and one part of colophany. And after melting
together these ingredients I incorporate the mixture with the following
compound or mixture in a fine state of division in such proportion as
will give the mass the hardness of wood:-The said powdered compound
or mixture is composed of about four parts of powdered coal, one part
of plaster, and a small proportion of wood sawdust, which is intended
during combustion to afford free access of air to the mass, which mass
may be moulded to any form most convenient for purposes of com-
bustion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 1st August 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Hler
· Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said John Henry Johnson, Her special license
that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Henry Johnson,
·

page_text: "
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during tho
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE TREATMENT OF ESSENTIAL OILS WITH A VIEW TO THEIR EMPLOYMENT as FUEL
FOR HEATING Purposes,” a communication to me from abroad by Giovanni
Pagliari, of Paris, in the Republic of France, Chemist, upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say:—
The said Invention relates to a new mode of treating essential oils in
general, in order to render them suitable as fuel for heating purposes.
This treatment consists in effecting the solidification of these oils whilst
imparting to them any desired form, according to the kind of heating for
which they are intended.
The solidification of these oils, particularly petroleum, is obtained by
placing them in contact with the following bodies, namely, all solid
bodies which are naturally porous and have the property of absorbing
the essential oils for heating purposes, such for example as wood
sawdust, pumice stone, and more particularly coke.
The essential oils (particularly petroleum) may also be combined with
other inflammable substances applicable to the same purposes; for
example, petroleum may be mixed with oils of the same inflammable
nature, which are in a concrete or solid condition, white resin, colophony,
and the like.
In order to obtain a homogeneous mixture with petroleum oil for
heating purposes the following means are employed, namely:-I take, say
two parts of petroleum, one part of white resin, and one part of colophony,

page_text: and after tho fusion of these three substances I incorporate them with
the powder hercin-after described in such a quantity as will give the
mass the hardness of wood. This powder is composed of four parts of
powdered pit coal, one part of plaster, and a small quantity of wood
sawdust, which is intended during combustion to afford access of air 5
to the mass. This mass is of the most convenient form for com-
busti on
The oils thus rendered solid and transportable without danger from
the places of production to those of consumption may however be brought
back again to a liquid condition by pressure or by distillation in order to 1
be employed for lighting purposes.
I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the pro-
portions above given, which may be varied according to the nature of
the oils treated, or the kind of heating for which they are intended, but
what I claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part 1
recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The solidifying of essential oils by placing them in contact with
solid porous bodies, as herein-before described.
Second. The solidifying of essential oils by incorporating them with
other inflammable substances of a similar nature, such as resin, and with 2
porous bodies in the manner herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this
my Specification set my hand and scal, this First day of August
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.S.)