Improvements in the Tyres of Cycle and other like Wheels.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 26th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 31st Dec., 1892
PROVISIONAL; SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Tyres of Cycle and other like Wheels.
I, HARRY BROWNE, of Carlton Road in the City of Birmingham, Printers
Compositor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
This invention pertains to pneumatic tyres, for cycle and other like wheels, as
hereinafter described.
Pneumatic and inflating tyres, as ordinarily constructed, are liable to burst, or
become deflated, on the same being pierced or cut, when in use, by passing over
piercing and cutting objects, met with on its road of traction.
The object of my invention is, primarily, an inexpensive tyre, and one incapable
of being deflated, on portions of the same being punctured or cut, and this I effect
by building up the said tyre of a series of permanently inflated balls, spheres, or
hollow objects, and when placed contiguous to each other, and circumferential
pressure applied, the same are squeezed together, and constitute a permanently
inflated cellular tyre, which when covered by canvas, laced or otherwise connected
to the underside of the rim, has all the appearance of an ordinary pneumatic tyre,
but having the advantage that the same does not admit of being deflated, if portions
of the same become accidentally punctured or cut, and besides, there is no trouble
of inflation as is now common.
In carrying out one form of my invention, I take an ordinary trough or semi
circular sectioned rim, and fill the concave of the same with a series of contiguously
arranged permanently inflated india-rubber balls, or spheres, and then by circum-
ferential pressure, in the direction of the wheel's circumference, the balls are
squeezed closely together, and the air within them compressed, so that the said
balls or spheres are considerably flattened at their points of contact, and by the
change of figure, the outer circumferences of them become lignable or nearly so, and
resemble in figure, a series of squared cells, or alike unto a number of grains of
Indian wheat, placed lignable and contiguous.
The puncturing of one or more of the said cells or compartments, will not affect
the efficiency of the tyre, as the adjacent cells to that, or those, punctured,
expand circumferentially, and thus fill up the space vacated by the deflated one,
or ones.
In case such injury occurs, fresh rubber balls or spheres may be readily intro-
duced into position, in lieu of the deflated or injured ones.
I propose to cover the said inflated cellular tyre with plain canvas, or with one,
two or more ply strip-rubber fabric, thus forming, when secured to the rim, either
by lacing, buttoning or otherwise, an outside covering or bag.
The said covering are, preferably, partly applied, before the balls are intro-
duced, so that the said inflated rubber balls are confined within a given space,
until the necessary number have been introduced and compressed to the desired
degree.
The density of the tyre is dependent upon the amount of contact pressure the
balls or spheres are subjected to.
-
If necessary, the covering may be longitudinally or cross ribbed with rubber, so
as to prevent the slinning of the tyre when passing over slippery surfaces.

page_text: The treads of the balls may be made of thicker material than the other parts,
while, if necessary the tyre may be composed of two or more rows or layers.
Instead of spherical balls I may employ triangular compartments, permanently
inflated, and with the bases, of the intermediate ones presented outwardly, and the
bases of the alternate ones presented inwardly.
Instead of spheres or triangular cells, short closed ended tubes may be employed,
which are forcibly compressed towards each other, and a closure length or lengths,
placed within a space or spaces vacated consequent upon the compression longi-
tudinally of the said tubular cells.
In consequence of the segments or sections of the tyre being compressed, the
structure of the material is likewise solidified or compressed, so that on any of the
same becoming punctured by any sharp instrument or article, the gap closes upon
the puncturing object, and upon itself, before air can enter, hence a non deflating
tyre, when punctured.
Dated this 25th day of February 1892
HARRY BROWNE,
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Tyres of Cycle and other like Wheels.
1, HARRY BROWNE, of Carlton Road, in the City of Birmingham, Printers
Compositor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and ly
the following statement:-
This invention pertains to pneumatic tyres, for cycle, and other like wheels, as
hereinafter described.
Pneumatic and inflating tyres, as ordinarily constructed, are liable to burst, or
become deflated, on the same being pierced or cut when in use, by passing over
piercing and cutting objects, met with on its road of traction.
The object of my invention is, primarily an inexpensive tyre, and one incapable
of being deflated, on portions of the same being punctured or cut, and this I effect
by building up the said tyre of a series of permanently inflated balls, spheres or
hollow objects, and when placed contiguous to each other, and circumferential
pressure applied, the same are squeezed together, and constitute a permanently
inflated cellular tyre, which when covered by canvas, laced or otherwise connected
to the underside of the rim, has all the appearance of an ordinary pneumatic tyre,
but having the advantage that the same does not admit of being deflated, if portions
of the same become accidentally punctured or cut, and besides, there is no trouble
of inflation, as is now common.
In carrying out one form of my invention, I take an ordinary trough or semi-
circular sectioned rim, and fill the concave of the same with a series of contiguously
arranged permanently inflated hollow india-rubber balls or spheres, and then by
circumferential pressure, in the direction of the wheel's circumference, the balls are
brought closely together, and the air within them compressed, so that the said balls
or spheres are flattened at their points of contact, and by the change of figure, their
outer circumferences may also be changed, if sufficient pressure is applied, so that
they resemble in figure, square shaped cells arranged contiguously side by side, or
in other words, when considerably compressed, they form cells in shape alike unto a
series of grains of Indian wheat as they are arranged in the pod.
The puncturing of one or more of the said cells or compartments, will not
affect the efficiency of the tyre, as the adjacent cells to that, or those, punctured,
expand circumferentially, and thus fill up the space vacated by the deflated one
or onės.

page_text: In case such injury occurs, fresh rubber balls or cells may be readily introduced
into position, in lieu of the deflated or injured ones.
I propose to cover the said inflated cellular tyre with plain canvas, or with one,
two or more ply strip-rabber fabric, thus forming, when secured to the rim, cither
by lacing, buttoning or otherwise, an outside covering or bag.
The said coverings are preferably partly applied before the balls are introduced,
so that the said inflated rubber balls are confined within a given space, until the
necessary number have been introduced and compressed to the desired degree.
The density of the tyre is dependent upon the amount of contact or circum-
ferential pressure, the balls or spheres are subjected to.
If necessary the covering may be longitudinally or cross ribbed with rubber, so
as to prevent the slipping of the tyre, when passing over slippery surfaces.
The treads of the balls may be made of thicker material than the other parts,
while, if necessary, the tyre may be composed of two or more rows or layers.
Instead of spherical balls, I may employ other shaped compartments, permanently
inflated.
In consequence of the segments or sections of the tyre being compressed, the
structure of the material is likewise solidified or compressed, so that on any of the
same becoming punctured by any sharp instrument or article, the gap closes upon
the puncturing object, and upon itself, before air can enter, hence a non-deflating
tyre when punctured.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing represents a cycle wheel, having
a pneumatic tyre constructed, arranged, fitted and provided according to my
invention.
Figure 2 represents a full sized section of a portion of the same, exemplifying
the cellule or sacule character of the said tyre, which consists essentially in the
employment within the interior of an enclosing cover, outer tyre or restraining
medium, of a series of permanently inflated hollow rubber spheres, located between
the inside edge of the outer walls of the restraining medium, and the inside edge
of the rim, and with the balls circumferentially compressed to an extent that
should one of the series become deflated by puncture or otherwise, the others close
up by expanding, and filling up the space vacated by the punctured hollow ball
cellule.
The tread of the tyre, consequent upon following, to an extent, the figure of the
balls, has imparted to it, an undulatory figure, which acts as a deterrent against
slipping.
Figure 3 represents a transverse section of the said tyre upon the dotted
lines A. B. Figure 1.
Figure 4 represents a like tyre as described, but with layers of cork inter-
posed between the permanently inflated hollow balls or cellules and the restraining
cover.
Figure 5 represents a transverse section of Figure 4 upon the dotted lines C. D.
Figure 6 represents a portion of a tyre, fitted with balls or spheres made
specially strong, and with the same forcibly compressed until they take rectangular
shaped figures, and fill up the whole of the space located between the cover or
restraining medium, and the rim.
a is a troughed rim, and is a cover or restraining medium, secured to the
underside of the said rim by lacings and studs c, d, whilst the rim itself is supported
by spokes e.
ونا
Located within the said restraining or enclosing medium b, or between the inside
walls of the upper part of the cover, and those of the inside trough of the rim a,
are a series of contiguously arranged and perinanently inflated india-rubber hollow
balls, spheres, cellules, sacules or the like, and with the same circumferentially
enclosed or compressed together to an extent that the same are flattened at
their points of contact, so that should puncture occur, they close upon the deflated
cellule.
Consequent upon the cover enclosing or restraining medium b, falling to, or being

page_text: drawn to, the balls or cellules, by the lacings, the tread partakes of an undulatory
figure, and when in use, is a deterrent against slipping.
In Figures 4 and 5, a is the rim, b is the restraining or confining cover,
e are lacings, d are studs, e are spokes, fare permanently inflated hollow india-
rubber balls, or hollow india-rubber cellules with layers of cork y, interposed
between the said balls or cellules, and the enclosing cover, restraining medium or
outer tyre.
The object of the cork is to equalize the pressure upon the permanently inflated
..rebounding objects enclosed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I am aware
of John Samuel Smith's Patent No. 14203 of. 1890 and make no claim to anything
therein described or claimed, but what I claim is :-
A pneumatic inflated tyre, making the same up, primarily, of a series of con-
tiguously arranged permanently inflated hollow rubber spheres, balls, cellules, or
sacules, and with the same located between the rim, and an enclosing cover or
restraining medium, or enclosed within an outer or supplementary tyre, and with
the said balls or spheres brought up to each other, by circumferential pressure,
substantially as described and set forth.
Dated this 25th dose of November 1802
HARRY BROWNE,
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.