IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGEMENTS AND MECHANISM FOR GRINDING, GLAZING AND POLISHING ARTICLES OF METAL"
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Roughsedge Wallwork, of the firm of. Henry Wallwork
and Company of the City of Manchester in the County of Lancaster,
Ironfounders, and Engineers, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ARRANGEMENTS AND MECHANISM FOR GRINDING, GLAZING AND POLISHING
ARTICLES OF METAL"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Roughsodge Wallwork
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd August 1883.
ROUGHSEDGE WALLWORK of the firm of Henry Wallwork and Company, of the
City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Ironfounders and Engineers,
IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGEMENTS AND MECHANISM FOR GRINDING, GLAZING
AND POLISHING ARTICLES OF METAL,"
"
My invention relates to a system or mode of grinding, glazing and polishing
articles of metal, and consists in solfacting arrangements for holding the articles
to be treated against and passing them over rotary surfaces acting to grind, glaze
or polish them.
The arrangements are varied according to the form of the articles to be treated,
and the manner in which they are to be operated upon
The principal feature of my invention consists in entering the article to be
operated upon, between the rotary grinding, glazing or polishing surface, and a
roller, the surface of which is formed of india rubber, or other suitable elastic
material, the elasticity of which presses the article with sufficient force against the
operating surface, and at the same time holds it from moving except at the speed
imparted to the india rubber roller or pulley, which is driven by any suitable
gearing and an endless driving band from a pulley or pulleys on any convenient
rotary shaft at the speed desired.
For flat articles of nearly uniform thickness, the arrangements consist of the
rotary operating surface, the india rubber roller on a stud which is adjustable to
and from the grinding surface by a screw, a worm wheel attached to the boss for
гр.

page_text: the india rubber pulloy gearing with a worm on a shaft having a grooved pulley
driven by an endless band,-The articles to be treated are fed from a table by
hand or by being placed on an endless apron, and they pass in succession between
the india rubber roller or pulley and the rotary grinding, glazing or polishing
surface.
For articles of irregular thickness, the stud for the india rubber pulley or
roller is mounted in a lever acted upon by a weight or spring so as to give way
to the variations of thickness, a stop being arranged to prevent the lever from
descending so low as to bring the india rubber pulley in contact with the operating
wheel.
In some cases two or more india rubber pulleys or rollers are or may be used
to grip and hold the articles to be treated and traverse them against the operating
wheel.
Cylindrical articles or pulleys are or may be treated by india rubber pulloys
or rollers upon a stud in a lever or arm, the india rubber pulley acting on the
interior or exterior periphery of the cylinder, pulley or ring and pressing and
feeding it over or against the operating wheel.
The india rubber pulleys are or may be shaped when required to suit the form
of the article to be treated.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Roughsedge Wallwork in the Patent Office on the 1st February:
1884.
ROUGHSEDGE WALLWORK of the firm of Henry Wallwork and Company of the.
City of Manchestor in the County of Lancaster Ironfounders and Engineers.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGEMENTS AND MECHANISM FOR GRINDING GLAZING
AND POLISHING ARTICLES OF METAL,”
"
My invention relates to a system or mode of grinding, glazing and polishing
articles of metal, and consists in selfacting arrangements for holding the articlos
to be treated against and passing them over rotary surfaces acting to grind glaze
or polish them.
The arrangements are varied according to the form of the articles to be treated
and the manner in which they are to be operated upon.
The principal feature of my invention consists in entoring the article to be
operated upon, between the rotary grinding glazing or polishing surface, and a
roller, the surface of which is formed of india rubber, or an endless band of india
rubber or other suitable elastic material, the elasticity of which presses the article
with sufficient force against the operating surface, and at the same time holds it
from moving except at the speed imparted to the india rubber roller or pulloy
or clastic band which is driven by any suitable gearing and an endless driving
band from a pulley or pulleys on any convenient rotary shaft at the speed
desired.
"
:
For flat articles of nearly uniform thickness, the arrangements consist of the
rotary operating surface the india rubber roller on a stud, which is adjustable to
and from the grinding surface by a screw and a worm wheel attached to the boss
for the india rubber pulley gearing with a worm on a shaft having a grooved'
pulley driven by an endless band; The articles to be treated are fed from a table
by hand or by being placed on an endless apron, and they pass in succession.
between the india, rubber roller or pulley or endless elastic band and the rotary
grinding glazing or polishing surface.
For articles of irregular thickness the stud for the india rubber pulley or
roller is mounted in a lever acted upon by a weight or spring so as to give way
to the variations of thickness, a stop being arranged to prevent the lever from
descending so low as to bring the india rubber pulley or surface in contact with
the operating wheel.
'
In some cases two or more india rubber pulleys or rollers are or may be used
to grip and hold the articles to be treated and traverse them against the operating
wheel.
Cylindrical articles or pulleys are or may be treated by india rubber pulleys
or rollers upon a stud in a lever or arm- -the india rubber pulley acting on the
interior or exterior periphery of the cylinder pulley or ring and pressing and.
feeding it over or against the operating wheel.
The india rubber pulleys are or may be shaped when required to suit the form
of the article to be treated.
Fig 1 is a side elevation, fig 2 a front elevation, and fig 3 a partial plan,
illustrating one modification of my invention-The grinding stones, emery, and
other wheels for grinding glazing and polishing are arranged and driven in the
modification illustrated by figs 1, 2 and 3, and in other modifications to be herein-
after described, in any ordinary and convenient manner and my improvements are
combined with such arrangements.
a is the grinding stone or wheel-acting to grind polish or glaze the articles to

page_text: be treated and this stone or wheel will hereinafter be termed the "operating
wheel," in describing this and the modifications to be hereinafter explained.
This operating wheel (a) is secured on a shaft a¹ having bearings in a frame b
(partly shown) and is driven in any ordinary and convenient manner as above
stated.
⚫ There is an upright stand or bracket c bolted to the frame b in which vertical
slide ways are formed for a slide d which is connected with and adjusted by a
screw d¹.
This slide d carries a stud e placed in a horizontal position over and parallel to
the axis of the operating wheel (a) and upon this stud a boss or pulley e¹ is
arranged to rotate freely, this pulley having a worm wheel e³ formed on or secured
to it, which gears with a worm ƒ on a short shaft f¹ having its bearings in a
bracket f which is secured on the end of the stud eat any desired angle to suit
the position of the pulley that drives by a rope or belt (the former by preference)
the pulley f³ secured on the end of the short shaft f¹..
The periphery of the pulley e¹ is covered with vulcanized india rubber e³ the
surface of which can be adjusted by the screw to the required distance from the
operating surface of the operating wheel a but so as not to touch it.
This modification of machine is intended to operate upon articles of nearly
uniform thickness which are fed in succession between the india rubber surfaco e³
(hereinafter termed the "holding surface") and the operating wheel (a)-tho
holding surface being moved at the desired speed to give the required time for
operating upon the article to the desired. extent.
Fig 4 is a side elevation and Fig 5 a front elevation of a modification according
to my invention similar to that illustrated by figs 1, 2 and 3 except that an
adjustable table is added for carrying the articles.
Brackets 61 and 62 are formed on or secured to the frame 6 for the operating
wheel a.
The-table.g-is-made with-a-slot in it for the operating wheel-(a)-to-pass-through-
without touching and one end of it is jointed to a fulcrum g' which can be
adjusted vertically in a slot in the bracket b¹ and then secured by a screw, the
other end of the table is jointed to one end of a bolt g' which pass through an
eye in the bracket band is adjusted and secured by a screw nut on the bolt
above and below the bracket b².
Fig G is a side elevation, and fig 7 a front elevation of a modification similar to
that illustrated by figs 4 and 5 except that the pulley having tho holding surface,
is arranged and actuated in a different manner.
This modification of machine is intended for treating articles of irregular
thickness.
c is a stand or bracket formed on or carried by the frame b, or it is or may be
(as shown) formed upon or secured to the side of the table g.
This stand c has a bearing for a bolt or shaft c¹ which acts as the fulcrum of
a forked lever d in which bearings are made for each end of a shaft e forming
the axis of the drum or pulley el having the holding surface e³ upon it.
One end of the shaft e has a worm wheel c³ secured upon it and this gears with
a worm fon a short shaft f¹ having its bearings in a bracket få which can be
adjusted and secured on a slotted arm d³ projecting from one arm of the forked
lover d.
On the end of the short shaft f¹ a pulley f is secured for an endless rope
passing to and from the driving pulley one side of which rope works against one
pulley and the other side against. another pulley c³ each of which guide pulleys
is free to rotate on the bolt or shaft c'.
The rope between the driving pulley and the machine may pass at any desired
angle and if of sufficient length and elasticity will allow the lever d to freely rise
and fall to the desired extent-But if desired one side of the rope may pass over a
guide pulley having its axis on a lever, weighted to put the desired tension upon
the driving rope and give way when the required strain is exceeded.

page_text: The lever d is arranged so that a weight may be suspended and adjusted upon it
to give the desired pressure between the holding surface e³ the article to be treated,
and the operating wheel a.
In an arm ct from the stand c there is a screw the end of which can be
adjusted to come against a projection from the forked lever d before the latter
falls low enough to bring the holding surface e³ in contact with the operating
wheel a
Fig 8 is a side elevation, fig 9 a front elevation and fig 10 a partial plan
illustrating another modification of my invention for operating upon articles, by
the disc or flat face of an operating wheel a or by the periphery of an operating
wheel when in the position indicated by the peculiar dotted line a* figs 8 and 9.
This machine is intended more particularly to act upon flat surfaces or the
straight edges of plates or like articles.
The operating wheel a is arranged and rotated in any ordinary and convenient
manner.
g* is a stand the upper part of which forms a table g on which projections aro
formed or secured for one or more studs e (three are shown) for drums or
pulleys e-The studs & are screwed into the projections, and each drum e¹ has a
worm wheel e to gear with a worm f on a shaft f¹ below having bearings in
projections from the tablo g.
This shaft f¹ is rotated by a belt working on a pulley f* at one end of the
shaft.
Each pulley e' has a holding surface e upon it which passes clear through a hole
in the table g and projects a little above its surface.
On the table g an angle guage h is secured by set screws each passing through a
slot so as to allow the guage to be adjusted to and secured at the required distance
from the surface of the operating wheel a to suit the article to be treated.
In the vertical part of the angle guage h there are slots in each of which a studi
can be adjusted for a pulley ¹ to rotate freely upon which may have an india
rubber surface or not as desired.
One or more of these drums or pulleys may be used in a fixed position, or the
stud i for the pulley or drum i, is or may be secured in one arm of a lever j having
its fulcrum on a stud adjustable in a slot in the vertical part of the guage h-An
arm from the lever j has a stud j¹ upon which one or more weights j³ can be placed
as required to give the required pressure to hold down the article against the
holding surfaces e-This arrangement with weights (for which a spring or springs
may be substituted if desired) allows of articles of irregular thickness being
operated upon.
Fig 11 is a side elevation and fig 12 a front or edge elevation of another
modification of my invention in which the operating wheel a is arranged above
the holding surface which in this case is an india rubber belt e³ passing over a
pulley e and eat each end one of which is rotated at the required speed by a
worm and worm wheel e' the worm being on a shaft f¹ having a pulley ƒ³ for the
driving rope.
Between the two sides of the endless india rubber belt e³ and under the centre of
the operating wheel (a) a pulley e¹ is placed in bearings.
The axis of this pulley is held up in its bearings in its highest position by two
springs e one on each side the tension of each of which can be adjusted by a set
screw e so that when an article carried along by the belt and held against the
operating wheel a is irregular in thickness, the pulley e' can give way.
Instead of springs e the axis of the pulley e¹ may be carried on a weighted lever.
The frame carrying the pulleys e', ' and e and endless belt or holding surface es
may be arranged so as to be adjustable to and from the, operating wheel a if
desired.
Fig 13 is a plan view fig 14 an elevation at one side, and fig 15 an elevation at
another side illustrating a modification of my invention for operating upon irregular
articles such as "tips" for shoe or boot heels.

page_text: The operating wheel a in this case is arranged to rotate on a vertical axis and is
driven from a horizontal shaft a² by bevel wheels a³ and a².
The holding surface e is upon the end of a shafte having its bearings in a lever d
which is adjustable in the eye of a stud k¹ that can swivel and be adjusted and
secured by a set screw in a socket formed in the frame or bed plate k of the
machine.
The shaft e for the holding surface has a worm wheel e secured to it which is in
gear with a worm ƒ formed on or attached to the boss of a grooved pulley f³ that
is free to rotate on a stud f¹ secured in the arm or lever d.
This grooved pulley f³ is driven by an endless band or rope working over guide
pulleys and c³ rotating on studs in a bracket from the table k and round a grooved
pulley on the horizontal driving shaft a².
The lever is acted upon by a cord rope or chain one end of which is attached
to it (see dotted line ) the other end passing over a guide pulley d on a stud on a
bracket from the table k and is attached to a rod having one or more weights c'
upon it.
There is a plate g that forms a table for the article being treated to rest upon,
and this plate g has a stem g¹ that is adjustable in the eye of a stud g² adjustable
in a socket in the table k of the machine.
The plate g can be moved round on the axis of its stem g¹ to give the required
angle for the article to be treated.
There is a curved slot in the plato g for the holding surface e³ to pass through
without touching.
Boot and shoe heel tips being of a horse shoe form are operated upon by the
above described machine (figs 13, 14 and 15) both on the flat face, and on the edges
on which side they are partly cylindrical.
This machine or one of larger size will operate upon cylinders tho holding surface
coming inside the cylinder and holding the exterior of the cylinder against the
operating wheel, and when the latter is made small enough to pass inside a hoop
or cylindrical article the holding surface will be arranged to hold the exterior of
the article and traverse the interior of the article against the operating wheel.
A modification of the machine shown by figs 13, 14 and 15 may be used for
cylindrical articles if desired when the axis of the operating wheel is horizontal,
and acts by either its periphery or disc face as will be readily understood from the
examples herein before described.
The holding surfaces e³ are or may be made of any desired shape to suit the
forms of the articles to be operated upon.
Figs 16 and 17 to figs 22 and 23 are respectively end and side elevations of
drum holding surfaces shown, as examples.
Figs 16 and 17 is a plain cylindrical holding surface drum or pulley figs 18
and 19 show surfaces formed to suit the shape of some particular articles, figs 20
and 21 illustrate an holding surface form of discs with washers to separate them and
leave spaces for projections from the articles to pass clear between the discs some
articles to be operated upon having such projections.
Figs 22 and 23 show holding surfaces formed by a pulley having dovetail slots
across in which dovetail pieces of india rubber are inserted similar to the teeth of
a wheel.
Sometimes the pulley holding surfaces have holes formed in their peripheries for
the projections (which some articles to be treated have on them) to pass into while
being held and propelled along.
From these examples it will be readily understood how the holding surfaces or
the pulleys for them have to be formed and adapted to the shape of the article to
be operated upon.
I have now particularly described the nature of the said invention and the
manner in which the same is to be carried into effect and claim as my invention.
1. In machines for grinding glazing and polishing metals, the use of india rubber
or similar elastic material for holding the articles to be operated upon and traversing

page_text: them against the surface by which they are ground glazed or polished, substantially
as hereinbefore described.
2. In machines for grinding glazing or polishing metals, the several combina-
tions and arrangements of mechanism for holding articles to be treated against and
traversing them over or past the operating surface or surfaces of grinding, glazing
or polishing wheels substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the
drawings.
3. In machines for grinding, glazing or polishing metals, the arranging of the
pulley or drum having the elastic holding surface so that the position of its axis
may be adjusted as in figs 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 and so that it may bo weighted or acted
upon by springs as in figs 6, 7, 13, 14 and 15 also, the arranging of the belt or
elastic holding surface (e) so that it can give way to irregular thickness as in
figs 11 and 12 also the arranging so that one or more pulleys can give way to
irregular thickness when the article operated upon is traversed along between two
or more drums or surfaces (as in figs 8, 9 and 10) the arranging of the adjustable
table or plate as in figs 13, 14 and 15, all substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated by the drawings.
4. In machines for grinding glazing or polishing metals, the construction of the
drums or pulleys with elastic holding and traversing surfaces (e³) formed and
adapted to the articles to be troated substantially as herein before described and
illustrated by the drawings.
In Witness whereof I the said Roughsedge Wallwork have hereunto set my
hand and seal this twenty ninth day of January in the year of our Lord one.
thousand eight hundred and eighty four.
AND