I-. PROVEMENTS IN TROUGHS, RACKS, AND ENCLOSURES FOR CATTLE, SHEEP, AND PIGS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Edward Peirce, of Hammersmith, in the
County of Middlesex, Agricultural Engineer, for the Invention of "I-.
PROVEMENTS IN TROUGHS, RACKS, AND ENCLOSURES FOR CATTLE, SHEEP, AND
PIGS.">>
Sealed the 24th February 1865, and dated the 31st August 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Edward Peirce
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 31st August 1864.
·I, ALFRED EDWARD PEIRCE, of Hammersmith, in the County of Middlesex,.
Agricultural Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TROUGHS, RACKS, AND ENCLOSURES FOR CATTLE, SHEEP, AND
PIGS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, firstly, in improvements in troughs or cisterns. for
cattle, sheep, and pigs, constructed wholly of wrought iron in a piece or with
riveted ends and rolled edges of any shape or form. When mounted upon-
wheels I fit them with tubular or other shafts and covers to prevent waste of
liquids in transit.. The shafts are arranged to turn over the end upon: the
bind wheels, and the covers fall over the sides for drinking troughs, or such
other purposes as they may be adapted for.
The second part of my Invention refers to improvements in hay cribs for
sheep, consisting of T, angle, tube, or other. iron frames screwed, riveted.

page_text: welded, or cast together, and strongly laced with stout wire, wire netting, or
other covering to prevent the waste of hay in the feeding of sheep.
The third part of my Invention consists of a combined cattle crib and sheep
rack with wrought or cast iron troughs made of tube, T, angle, or other
suitable framing screwed, riveted, or welded, or cast together, and strongly
laced with stout metal wire netting or other convenient rack covering, and
fitted with rack, pulley;-lever,-or-other-suitable apparatus to raise and lower
the roof and floor. The whole is braced together and mounted upon wheels
for transit.
The fourth part of my Invention consists of an iron sheep house for tegs,
with lap joint sliding shutters to enclose the same for a fodder or shepherd's
house, constructed of semicircular or other form of roof, sides or ends of cor-
rugated iron sheets strongly riveted together and secured to angle, T, tube, or
other iron frame, and mounted upon two or more wheels for transit.
The fifth part of my Invention consists of a semicircular or other form of
roof, side or end of corrugated iron piggery, strongly riveted together, and
secured to angle or other iron framing, with swing shutter, wrought or cast
iron feeding troughs.
The last part of my Invention consists of a swing sheep or cattle fold,
consisting of a wheel hurdle with: two or more swing folding. hurdles con-
structed of tube and wire or hoop iron, laced angle iron, and wire-netting, or
such other suitable material-screwed, riveted, welded, or cast together, and
hung to wheel hurdles, with double nut or other convenient hangings to raise
and lower the point of the swing hurdles to suit the rise and fall of ground.
SPECIFICATION in pursuanco of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Edward Peirce in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 28th February 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
EDWARD PEIRCE, of Hammersmith, in the County of Middlesex, Agricultural,
Engineer, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Alfred Edward Peirce, Her special licence that I, the
said Alfred Edward Peirce, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
3

page_text: such others as I, the said Alfred Edward Peirce, my executors, adminis
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TROUGHS, RACKS, AND ENCLOSURES FOR
CATTLE, SHEEP, AND PIGS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Alfred Edward Peirce, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW: KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Edward Peirce, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in, what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
My Invention consists, firstly, in improvements in troughs and cisterns for
cattle, sheep, and pigs, constructed wholly of wrought iron stamped semi-
circular, rectangular, or other shape with turned over edge in a piece, or ends
separate and rivetted or braised to stamped or rolled sides. The large ones I
mount upon two or more wrought-iron tubular wheels, and attach a treddlo
pump. to supply the same with water from brooks. I also fit the portable
troughs with tubular, angle, or other shafts in a piece, and covers and grids
to prevent waste of liquid in transit or bay in feeding of cattle. The shafts
I so arrange to turn over the end upon the hind wheels, and the grids and
covers over the sides for drinking, feeding, or such other purposes as they may
be adapted for.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents a semicircular trough
stamped in a piece with turned over edges, as before described, and with bars
and feet rivetted thereto; Figure 2 represents a trough with the ends and
sides formed separately and rivetted together; this trough is provided with
two tubular wheels and with feet, as before described; Figure 3 shows a
rectangular trough with turned over edges; Figure 4 shows a trough mounted
on three wheels a, a, and provided with a treddle pump b, as before, men-
tioned. This trough is also fitted with shafts c capable of being turned over
upon the hind wheels, as shewn; it is also furnished with a cover d and grid e
made to turn over the sides when required.

page_text: The second part of my Invention refers to improvements in hay cribs for
sheep, constructed of T, angle, tube, or other iron semicircular, ángular, or
other shape frames screwed, rivetted, welded, or cast together, and filled in
with iron wire laced wire netting, or other covering to prevent the waste of
hay in the feeding of sheep. Figure 5 represents a lay crib constructed 5
according to this part of my Invention.
12:0
The third part of my Invention consists of a combined sheep rack and cattle.
crib with trough straight, round, square, angular, or other shape constructed.
of T, angle, tube, or other iron framing screwed, rivetted, welded, or cast/
together, and filled in with iron wire, laced wire netting, or other covering to 1
prevent the waste of hay. I fit the same with rack and pinion, pulley, lever,,
or other suitable apparatus to raise and lower the roof to adapt it for sheep
or cattle feeding, and mount it upon two or more wheels for transit. Figure 6:
represents a combined sheep rack and cattle crib of round form;..when
intended for feeding cattle, the roof a is raised, as shown, and when for sheep, 1
I turn the handle b," whereby the pinion c, in gear with a rack d, causés (the
rack and the roof a, which it supports, to descend; e is a water trough round:
the crib.
.::
The fourth part of my Invention refers to improvements in sheep, shepherd's,
and cattle houses constructed of semicircular, angular, or other shaped roof, 2
and back of plain, and corrugated sheet iron or cast iron plates in a piecė,
without horizontal joins, and with one or more semicircular, square; or other
shaped ends screwed or rivetted the roof, or to T, angle, or other iron:
framing, floored and divided with plain or corrugated sheet iron, T, angle, or;
tubular framed 'removable: divisions, drop horizontal wire-laced trough, or 12
overhead hay racks and adjusting divisions. Troughs for the stalling of sheep
and cattle. The shepherd's house I form in the end of the. sheep house .by.
means of sliding shutters or separately. In the latter case I construct it of.
plain or corrugated sheet iron, with the side and part of roof in a piece lapped
horizontally in the centre of the semicircular, angular, or. other shape roof, s
and ends rivetted together or secured to T or angle iron framing floored, with
an overlapped door at the end mounted upon two or more tubular. or other
wheels, and with shafts for transit..
Figure 7 represents a cattle house constructed according to this part of my :
Invention. a, a, are the movable divisions; b, b, the overhead hay. racks;
c, c, the adjusting division troughs. Figure 8 represents a sheep house with
shepherd's house d at one end; and Figure 9 shews a shepherd's house formed
separately, as just explained.
The fifth part of my Invention consists of improvements in piggeries con-

page_text: structed of semicircular, angular, or other shape roof and back, with flat or
curved sides of plain or corrugated sheet iron or cast-iron plates in one piece
without horizontal joints, excepting those with the feeding part also covered,
which I construct with the sides and part roof in a piece lapped and rivetted
in the centre of the roof, or to division spouts to carry the water or other
liquid off through the tubular pillars rivetted or screwed to angle, T, tube, or
other iron post and framing, with swing shutters and troughs for feeding or
cleaning. I attach the sides of the sleeping houses, which alone are covered,
to the front pillars by binges for simplicity of fixing or convenience of
packing. When without the ordinary fall-to door, I raise the swing shutter
upon its end on the pillar rail, and so secure it by a drop catch for the com-
bined purposes of shutter and door. Two of my improved piggeries are
represented in Figure 10.
The last part of my Invention refers to improvements in sheep and cattle
folds, consisting of a wheel hurdle with one or more folding burdles to swing
at any angle, constructed of round, flat, T, angle, tube, or other iron framing
screwed, rivetted, welded, or cast together, and filled in with round, flat, tube,
hoop iron, wire or wire netting, laced, tied, screwed, rivetted, welded, or
cast to the frames, and hung to the wheel hurdles, with winding top hanging
to raise and lower the points of the swing hurdles to adopt them to the
uneven ground.
Figure 11 shews a wheel hurdle a with two folding or swing hurdles 6, b,
attached thereto; Figure 12 is a front view; and Figure 13, a plan, showing-
the three hurdles when folded together; Figure 14 shews on a larger scale
the means I prefer to adopt for attaching the swing hurdles to the folding
hurdles.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim constructing
troughs, racks, and enclosures for cattle, sheep, and pigs of iron, shaped and
combined substantially in manner herein-before described and illustrated in
the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Edward Peirce, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of February, One thousand
hundred and sixty-five
ALFRED E. PEIRCE. (L.S.)