IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND FITTING UP OF STALLS AND. HORSE BOXES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Carrington, of Queen's Gate Mews, Ken-
sington, in the County of Middlesex, Groom, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND FITTING UP OF STALLS AND.
HORSE BOXES."
Sealed the 5th August 1862, and dated the 8th February 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Carrington at the
Office of the Commissioners. of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th.
February 1862.
I, JAMES CARRINGTON, of Queen's Gate Mews, Kensington, in the County
of Middlesex, Groom, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND FITTING UP OF STALLS AND HORSE
BOXES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide stables with: stalls or boxes and
fittings of an improved construction, which amongst other advantages will
admit of being readily removed, when required, without defacing the walls
of the building to which they are applied; will give increased facilities for:
flushing drains, and will provide efficient means for accustoming young
horses to the bit. To this end I form the partitions between the stalls in the
following manner :-A grooved sill of cast iron runs along the floor, and fits.

page_text: at one end into a metal socket let into the wall, whilst its other end is secured
by screws to a hollow vertical post of cast iron stepped into a metal socket let
into the floor, a small bracket projection being cast on the foot of the post to
provide for this attachment. The ramp or upper partition as also formed of
iron, the lower bar of the ramp having a longitudinal groove formed on its
under side. The upper and lower bars of the ramp fit like the sill into metal
sockets let into the wall of the stable, and their opposite ends are similarly
secured to the vertical post. Before these attachments are effected panels of
wrought iron are slipped into the grooves formed in the sill, and in the lower
bar of the ramp in place of the wooden panels' now used, and without further
attachment they are held securely in their place. The manger I make, as is now
usual, of cast iron, and attach it to ribs secured to the metal pannelling on
either side of the stall. The water trough I place at the left-hand side of the
manger, and the hay box on the right-hand side, leaving the trough for the
corn in the middle as usual. I provide an arrangement of pipes for conveying
both hot and cold water to the water trough, and I so arrange the supply
pipes that the taps (which are, commanded by buttons sunk in the face of
the manger) may be made to direct the water either into the trough or the
drain at pleasure. The hot and cold water supply pipes lead to a centre
pipe, which connects both with the trough and the drain. By turning there-
fore the tap or taps in the central pipe water may be directed into the trough,
and the course to the drain cut off, or vice versa. Or by closing the supply
pipes the water in the trough may be allowed to run into the drain. By this
arrangement the flushing of the drain and the discharge of ammonia
therefrom may be effected without running out the water from the trough. I.
have said that the vertical posts to which the outer ends of the partition bars
are secured are cast hollow. I avail myself of this circumstance to apply thereto
a novel arrangement for "bitting" horses, or accustoming them to the pull of
the bit. In the sides of two adjacent posts I make a horizontal slot at about
the level of the mouth of the horse when standing upright, and from these
slots I lead bands of webbing attached to rollers mounted within the posts.
The outer ends of these bands I attach to a bit, and I put an equal tension.
on the bands (which will represent to the horse the bridle rein) by gearing
the band rollers to rollers (also within pillars), carrying a weighted cord.
At the bottom of the pillars I provide a little door for giving access to the
interior for the purpose of withdrawing and shifting the weights to suit the
inouth of the horse under treatment. A partition may be run up the pillars to
prevent the weights of adjacent bit arrangements from coming into collision."
By the improvements above stated it will be understood that the habit of

page_text: crib biting, often contracted by horses, will be effectually checked, the drainage
of the stable will be improved, and the horse being allowed by the bit arrange-
ment to "make his own mouth " will by so doing make his own temper.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Carrington in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
8th August 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
CARRINGTON, of Queen's Gate Mews, Kensington, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Groom, send greeting.
+
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Carrington, Her special license that I, the said James Carrington,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
James Carrington, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND FITTING UP OF STALLS AND HORSE BOXES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Carrington, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Carrington, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
The object of this Invention is to provide stables with stalls or boxes and
fittings of an improved construction, which amongst other advantages will
admit of being readily removed, when required, without defacing the walls of
the building to which they are applied, will give increased facilities for flushing

page_text: drains, and will provide an efficient means for accustoming young horses to.
the bit.
.
:
The mode of attaining this object I will now explain with reference to the
accompanying Drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a
stall fitted according to my Invention; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same; and
Fig. 3 is a front view, partly in section, the other Figures being detached
parts hereafter to be more particularly referred to. The partitions between
the stalls I form in the following manner :-
a, a, are grooved sills of cast iron, running along the floor, and fitting
át one end into a metal socket let into the wall, while their other ends are
respectively secured by screws to a hollow vertical post b, b, of cast iron
stepped into a metal socket c let into the floor, a small bracket projection.
being cast on the foot of the post to provide for this attachment. The d,
ramp
or upper part of the partition is also formed of iron, the lower part d' of the
ramp having longitudinal grooves formed in its under side. The upper and
lower bars d, d, of the ramp fit like the silla, into metal sockets let into
the wall of the stable, and their opposite ends are similarly secured to the
vertical post, as shewn at Figure 1. Before these attachments are effected,
panels e, e, of wrought iron are slipped into the grooves formed in the sill and
in the lower bar of the ramp, and filling panels of rough wood are inserted
between the wrought-iron panels, as shewn in the section Figure 4. These
panels without any further attachment than being slipped into the grooves are
held securely in their place. The manger shewn at A I make (as is now usual)
of cast iron, and attach it by its ends to ribs secured to the metal panelling e, e,
on either side of the stall. In this manger f is the water trough placed at
the left-hand side, and g the hay box placed on the right-hand side; the
trough h for the corn being in the middle as usual. The water trough is
supplied by an arrangement of pipes with both hot and cold water. This
arrangement is shewn in elevation at Figure 1, i being a pipe in connection
with an adjacent boiler for supplying hot water, and k a pipe in connection
with a cistern, or the main for supplying cold water; these pipes are con-
nected to the same coupling pipe l, with which is also connected (see the
enlarged plan view of these parts at Figure 5) a pipe m leading to the
trough f, and a pipe n leading to the drain in the middle of the floor
of the stall. At the junction of the pipes m and n, with the pipe l, is a
cock o (shewn in the elevation at Figure 6), which is operated by a button
sunk in the face of the manger, and may be carried by an elongated stem
attached to the plug of the cock o. This cock is so arranged that it may
made to direct water either into the trough or the drain; at pleasure. In the
be

page_text: pipe Zaré also fitted cocks it and ', which are worked by buttons on the stem
of the cock plugs, which buttons are sunk in the face of the manger. Hot or
cold water may therefore be supplied at pleasure to the manger by turning on
one of these cocks, and changing the position of the cock o to suit the direc-
tion of flow required. From this description it will be understood that water
may be directed into the trough and the course to the drain cut off, or vice
versâ, at pleasure, or by closing the supply pipes the water in the trough may
be allowed to run into the drain; by this arrangement the flushing of the drain
and the discharge of ammonia therefrom may be effected without running out
the water from the trough. "I have said that the vertical posts b, to which the
outer ends of the partition bars are secured aré cast hollow. I avail, myself
of this circumstance to apply thereto a novel arrangement for "bitting" horses,
or accustoming them to the pull of the bit. This is shown at Figure 3, and
on an enlarged scale at Figure 7, which represents the upper part of one of
the posts in vertical section. In the sides of two adjacent posts b, I make a
horizontal slot at about the level of the mouth of the horse when standing
upright, and from these slots I lead bands of webbing q attached to rollers q¹
mounted vertically within the posts. To the outer ends of this pair of bands
I attach a bit, and I put an equal tension on the bands (which will represent
to the horse the bridle rein) by gearing the band rollers q³ respectively to
barrels r, also within the pillars, by means of bevil pinions s, s. : Attached
to the barrels r, and wound around them are pendent weighted cords t, which
represent to the horse the yielding pull of the hand of the horse breaker. At
the bottom of the pillar I provide a little door u for giving access to the
interior for the purpose of withdrawing and shifting the weights to suit the
mouth of the horse under treatment. A partition may be run up the pillars
to prevent the weights of adjacent bit arrangements from coming into collision.
By applying the bit thus attached to the mouth of a young horse, he will be
allowed to "make his own mouth," and will by so doing make his own temper.
It will be understood that by giving a metallic surface to all parts of the
crib or horse-box, the habit of crib biting, often contracted by horses, will be
effectually checked, and with young horses the contraction of the habit will
be impossible. The arrangement also for supplying water to the stall will
materially improve the drainage of the stable.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "Improvements in the
Construction and Fitting up of Stalls and Horse Boxes," and having explained
the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under
the above in. part recited Letters Patent, I claim the arrangement of parts
above described, whereby I am enabled to fit up stables with detachable stalls

page_text: that will prevent horses from indulging in or contracting the habit of crib
biting, to supply hot and cold water to the mangers and the drains, as
explained, and to provide efficient means for accustoming young horses to.
the bit.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Carrington, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Eighth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JAMES CARRINGTON. (L.S.)