Improvements in or relating to Explosion Motors.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Explosion Motors.
I, JACOB KATZ, of 57, George Street, Coventry, Warwickshire, Mechanic, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to explosion motors and consists in the new or improved
ignition device hereinafter described.
In carrying out my invention I lead a pipe from a vessel containing liquid
petrol or other suitable liquid and connect such joint by a suitable joint to a
vertical tube. The lower end of this tube carries a screw plug by turning which
the flow of liquid into the tube may be regulated and, when desired, cut off entirely.
To the upper part of the tube is secured a shallow perforated dish of rectangular
or other suitable form, within which, is placed a sheet of wire gauze and a small
cup to contain alcohol or other suitable spirit to be burnt when first heating the
ignition tube hereinafter referred to.
''
On the top of the vertical tube and closing the upper end of the same is a small
chamber or box preferably constructed of copper. In the upper surface of the
box are fixed one or more plugs or nipples having very fine apertures there-
through communicating with the interior of the box. The box is preferably
cylindrical in form and on to the exterior thereof fits the lower end of the ignition
tube or burner. The ignition tube or burner is preferably constructed of copper
and the upper end may be somewhat flattened while apertures are cut through
the walls about on a level with the top of the plug or plugs in the box.
The box and ignition tube or burner are enclosed in a suitable housing pre-
ferably carried by the perforated dish and suitably perforated at the lower part..
The housing is secured in communication with the closed end or back of the
cylinder and is further provided with a suitable chimney carrying a perforated
hood adapted to prevent down draught. The housing is fitted with suitable
doors to provide access to the ignition tube and other parts, and asbestos may
be employed to protect it against the heat of the ignition tube.
The action is as follows. The liquid being forced by gravitation or otherwise
through the pipe into the vertical tube rises into the box at the top of such tube.
The ignition tube having been preliminarily heated by burning spirit in the
cup or otherwise, communicates some of its heat to the box. The heat of the
box converts the liquid therein into gas which escapes through the finely apertured
plug or plugs and catches light. The gas continues to burn and consequently
heats the ignition tube as long as the liquid flows in sufficient quantity into the
box. A quantity of fine copper wire is preferably packed into the vertical tube
to prevent the flame catching back.
It will be obvious that this ignition device may be applied to various explosion
motors, whether actuated by the same agent as is employed to heat the ignition
tube or not. I do not confine myself to the precise details above set forth but

page_text: hold myself at liberty to make such modifications as fairly fall within the scope
of my invention.
Dated this 3rd dow of Tu1 100%
G. DOUGLAS LEECHMAN,
18, Hertford Street, Coventry,
75, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., and
49, Middle Abbey Street, Dublin,
Patent Agent for the Applicant.
I, JAKOB KATZ, of 57, Nichol Street, formerly of 57, George Street, Coventry, in
the County of Warwick, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what.manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
'
This invention relates to a new or improved means of heating the ignition tube
of an explosion engine the object being to obtain complete vaporization of the oil
in the burner and to prevent inequalities of flow due to vibration when used
with a motor vehicle.
The vaporization is effected in a chamber to which the oil is supplied through
a passage packed with gauze or fine wire to retard its flow. To prevent_escape
of liquid fuel the chamber communicates with the nipple of the burner through
a perforated extension or box packed with fine wire or gauze.
The burner when employed in a motor vehicle is preferably carried upon a
spiral spring to take up vibration and the supply pipe may be bent back upon
itself to prevent spurting of the oil through any jolting of the vehicle.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a vertical section on the median line of a burner constructed according
to this invention,
Fig. 2 is an elevation of an alternative form of nipple and,
Fig. 3 shows a convenient form of arrangement of the burner and its casing
as connected to the cylinder of a motor.
Referring to Fig. 1 the burner A preferably made of copper or other good con-
ductor of heat, comprises a chamber A¹ conveniently cylindrical in form and having
a threaded opening in its top to receive the nipple B. The lower portion A2 of
the burner is threaded as shown at A3 or furnished with other suitable means for
connection with the oil supply pipe C, and provided with a central passage A
for the supply of oil to the chamber A¹ This passage is packed with fine wire
or gauze to retard or equalize the flow of oil into the chamber.
The nipple Bis provided with a perforated box B₁ extending within the
chamber A¹ into the top of which the nipple is screwed as shown at B2. The
extension or box B is provided with perforations B³ forming the communication
between the chamber and nipple and has a removable plug or can B4, to enable
it to be packed with fine wire or gauze which serves the purpose both of preventing
any danger of back ignition and the escape of liquid fuel from the nipple of the
burner.
The top of the nipple may be provided with one or more fine orifices B for
the escape of vapour. In Fig. 1 a single orifice B5 is shown. When two or more
orifices are employed these are preferably directed in such a manner that the
jets play one against the other as shown in Fig. 2.
A tube D. preferably of copper and which may be cylindrical in form and
flattened at its upper end, is fitted over the portion of the burner containing the

page_text: chamber A¹, forming practically a
Bunsen "burner, and serving also to con-
duct heat from the flame to the chamber upon which it is fitted. Air is admitted
through the apertures D¹ and other perforations D² may be provided for the
samo purpose.
In order to heat the chamber A' at starting, a cup E may be formed integral
with or fixed on the burner for the use of alcohol in the manner well known.
A convenient arrangement is shown in Fig. 3 for applying the invention, in
which is a portion of the cylinder of an explosion engine to which a suitable
form of casing G is attached. The casing is provided with a chimney G¹ of
known form and has a perforated door G2 to give free access to the burner A
and ignition tube H contained within it. The tube H is partly enclosed by
asbestos blocks H, H¹, in the well known manner.
A reservoir I may be fixed in any convenient position to supply oil to the
burner being connected with it through the pipe C. The oil may be caused to
flow to the burner either by gravity or by air compressed into the reservoir by
means of a pump J. The lower portion A2 of the burner, or the pipe C, passes
freely through an orifice in the bottom of the casing. The burner may be carried,
as shown, by a spring K, one end of which bears against the underside of the
cup E and the other end upon the bottom of the casing, so as to take up vibration
when the apparatus is employed upon a motor vehicle. In this case also the
pipe C may be bent back upon itself to form a U bend as shown at C¹ as a
further precaution against spurting of the oil due to any sudden jolt given to
the vehicle; at the bottom of this bend a cock C2 may be provided for drawing off
water or other matter which may accumulate there. The other end of the pipe C
which communicates with the oil reservoir may be provided with a screw plug C³
for regulating or shutting off the flow of oil to the burner.
The operation is as follows:-
The oil under pressure in the reservoir I flows through the pipe C and
passage A into the chamber A¹ where it is rapidly vaporized by the heat con-
ducted to it through the tube D. A considerable pressure is thus obtained within
the chamber and the vapour forced through the perforations B³ into the nipple-
extension B finally escaping from the nipple in a fine jet through the orifice
or orifices B5 into the tube 1, where it is mixed with air drawn in through the.
openings D¹ D, and igniting, gives a flame of intense heat which impinges against
the ignition tube H (Fig. 3).
To start the burner the cup E is filled with alcohol or like substance, which on
being ignited, heats the chamber A' and starts the vaporization of the oil therein.
The wire packing in the passage A steadies and equalizes the flow of oil into
the chamber A', and is especially useful when the apparatus is employed on a
motor vehicle neutralizing the action of the vibrations of the same on the flow of
oil. The wire packing in the nipple extension B₁ tends to prevent the escape of
liquid fuel from the nipple and obviates any danger of back ignition.
It is obvious that this invention may be applied to any type of explosion motor
in which an ignition tube is used whether actuated by the same or a different
agent to that employed in the burner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. An oil burner for heating the ignition tube of an explosion engine for a
motor vehicle comprising a vaporizing chamber communicating with a nipple
or burner having one or more orifices and provided with a perforated extension
into the vaporizing chamber substantially as described.
2. An oil burner for heating the ignition tube of an explosion engine for a
motor vehicle comprising a vaporizing chamber communicating with the oil
supply through a passage filled with gauze or fine wire and with a nipple or burner

page_text: through a perforated extension of the latter containing gauze or fine wire packing
substantially as described.
3. In an oil burner for heating the ignition tube of an explosion engine for a
motor vehicle supporting the burner in its casing by means of a spring sub-
stantially as and for the purpose described.
4. In an oil burner for heating the ignition tube of an explosion engine for
a motor vehicle connecting the burner with its oil supply by a pipe having a
bend such as C¹ substantially as and for the purpose described.
5. In an explosion engine for a motor vehicle the combination with a burner
such as A of an oil-reservoir I provided with an air compressing pump J sub-
stantially as described.
6. In an explosion engine for a motor vehicle the combination and arrangement
of parts constituting the complete ignition-tube-heating-apparatus substantially
as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Jaten
this on day of May 1090.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.