Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 13th Jan., 1888
Complete Accepted, 17th Feb., 1888
I THOMAS HENRY RICHARDSON High Street Brasted in the County of Kent
Carpenter do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
That by the introduction of my Invention between the present Signal Cabin, and
the respective Signal Posts, and attaching the present Signal Wires thereto, the
Signalman in the Signal Cabin having lowered the Signal Arm to allow an approaching
Train to pass, the said Train on arriving at or near to the respective Signal Post causes
the Signal Arm to be raised immediately to " Danger" position, by the flange of the
wheels of Engine depressing a Mechanical Arrangement which acting on a lever
practically breaks the connection between the Signal Cabin and Signal Post, untill
such time that the Signalman shall place the lever in the Signal Cabin to the same
position as it was previous to his pulling it over to lower the Signal Arm, upon being
so placed in its original position, the connection is restored between the Signal Cabin
and Signal Posts as before, and ready at any time to be lowered again for an
approaching train.
My Invention consists of an apparatus fixed between the signal cabin and the signal
post, and connected to one of the metal rails, by means of a lever rod, the head of
which projects through a slot in the side of the metal rail, the head of the rod butting
or pressing against the flap of a hinge, hung on the inside of the metal rail and
projecting inwards, till the wheels of the engine pass over the hinge, the flange of the
wheels pressing the flap of the hinge down and pressing the head of the rod outwards,
the rod acting or throwing out of gear the apparatus which breaks the connection
between the signal cabin and signal post, so constructed that when the train passes
over the portion of the connection on the metals, the signal arm rises up to the danger
position, to stop any other train passing till the signalman in the cabin lowers the
signal arm to denote line clear.
The apparatus which breaks the connection between the signal cabin and signal
post, are constructed with 2 sliding blocks, halved into one another in the centre, so
that when one block is pulled, it drags the other block, but dovetailed on the outsides,
these dovetails sliding in two horizontal grooved rails running parallel with the
metals, supported on pillars, the off grooved rail is made a fixture, with a pulley at
the extreme end near the signal post, and fitted with one of the sliding blocks, this
ديم

page_text: sliding block is connected with the cabin at one end, and the other end has attached a
chain, running over the pulley, with a weight at the end, the other grooved rail works
on two centres fixed midway from the base or ground line, & supported by pillars,
and connected with the lever at the end of the rod which projects and butts against
the flap of the hinge, hung on the inside of the metal rail, which presses in the rod at
the bottom, and throws out the grooved rail at the top, which carries with it the
sliding block, this block is connected with a chain at one end to allow the block to go
far enough to let the signal arm go up, of the grooved rail nearest the cabin, the
other end being connected with the signal arm of the signal post, this the inner
grooved sliding rail has two chains attached on the underside, and running over two
pullies fixed on the underside of the off grooved rail, with a weight attached at each
chain, to pull the near or inner side grooved rail up to its stationary position after the
train has passed over the hinge flap, the connection is restored by the signalman to
return the lever to its stationary position which pulls the sliding blocks towards the
cabin, to allow the signal arm to drop to denote line all clear.
10:1

page_text: Improvements in Automatic Signalling Apparatus for Railways.
I, THOMAS HENRY RICHARDSON, Carpenter, of High Street, Brasted in the County
of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
That by the introduction of my Invention between the present signal cabin and
the respective signal post, and attaching the present signal wires thereto, the
signalman in the signal cabin having lowered the signal arm to allow an approaching
train to pass, the said train on arriving at or near to the respective signal post causes
the signal arm to be raised immediately to "Danger" position by the flange of the
wheels of engine depressing a mechanical arrangement which acting on a lever,
practically breaks the connection between the signal cabin and signal post until such
time that the signalınan shall place the lever in the signal cabin to the same position
as it was previous to his pulling it over to lower the signal arm, upon being so placed
in its original position, the connection is restored between the signal cabin and signal
posts as before, and ready at any time to be lowered again for an approaching train.
My Invention consists of an apparatus fixed between the signal cabin and the
signal post, and connected to one of the metal rails, by means of a lever rod, the head
of which projects through a slot in the side of the metal rail, the head of the rod
butting or pressing against the flap of a hinge, hung on the inside of the metal rail
and projecting inwards while signal arm denotes line clear, till the wheels of the
engine pass over the hinge, the flange of the wheels pressing the flap of the hinge
down and pressing the head of the rod outwards, the rod acting or throwing out of
gear the apparatus which breaks the connection between the signal cabin and signal
post, so constructed that when the train passes over the portion of the connection on
the metals, the signal arm rises up to the danger position, to stop any other train
passing till the signalman in the cabin lowers the signal arm to denote line clear.
The apparatus which breaks the connection between the signal cabin and signal
post are constructed with two sliding blocks, halved into one another in the centre,
the faces of which come in contact with each other being concave and convex
respectively, so that when one block is pulled, it drags the other block, but dovetailed
on the outsides of each block, these dovetails sliding in two horizontal grooved rails
running parallel with the metals, supported on pillars, the off grooved rail is made a
fixture, with a pulley at the extreme end near the signal post and fitted with one
of the sliding blocks, this sliding block is connected with the cabin at one end and
the other end has attached a chain running over the pulley, with a weight at the
end, the other grooved rail is attached to lever arm which works on centres fixed
above the base or ground line and supported by pillars, and connected with the lever
at the end of the rod which projects and butts against the flap of the hinge, hung on
the inside of the metal rail, which presses in the rod at the bottom, and throws out
the grooved rail at the top, which carries with it the sliding block, this block is
connected with a chain at one end to allow the block to slide far enough to let the
signal arm go up, of the grooved rail nearest the cabin, the other end being connected

page_text: with the signal arm of the signal post, this the inner grooved moveable rail has two
chains attached on the upper or underside and running over two pullies fixed on the
upper or underside of the off grooved rail, with a weight attached at each chain, to
pull the near or inner side grooved rail up to its stationary position after the train
has passed over the hinge flap, the connection is restored by the signal man placing
the lever to its position previous to pulling the sliding blocks towards the cabin to
allow the signal arm to drop to denote line all clear.
And in order that my Invention may be thoroughly understood, I now proceed to
describe the accompanying drawings thereof, reference being had to letters and figures
marked thereon.
Figure 1, represents the plan of the apparatus, showing position it is fixed in
connection to the rail marked R, with the rod projecting through the rail marked I,
raising the hinge flap Q, connected to the lever arm U, working on centres and
supported on pillars J, J, the end of the top of the lever arm being connected to the
grooved rail B by a moveable joint with the sliding block D, tied at one end to a ring
on the grooved rail marked O, and with the connecting chain or wire H, to the signal
arm on the signal post, with the other sliding block C, connected with the signal
cabin by the wire or chain F, at the other end with a chain b, running over a pulley
or pullies G. with a weight L, attached at the end to draw the sliding block up to the
end of the fixed grooved rail A, supported on two collumns K, K, with brackets c, c,
with pulley or pullies E, for one or more chains a, connected on the top or bottom of
the grooved rail B, with a weight or weights M, attached to cach to pull the apparatus
up to its former or stationary position after the train or engine has passed over the
hinged flap Q.
Figure 2, is the elevation of the end of the apparatus facing the signal post, in its
stationary position.
Figure 3, is the elevation of the end of the apparatus facing the signal post, showing
the position when throwing the apparatus out of gear by means of a passing engine
running over the hinge flap Q, which presses in towards the apparatus the rod I,
fixed with a block wheel, and running through the block e, on the lever arm U, with
a cranked end with weight d, to turn the rod I, attached to the sliding block D by a
wire or chain.
Figure 4 is an enlarged section of the rail, showing the rod I, passing through the
rail R, with the hinged flap Q, in its ordinary or stationary position.
Like letters refer to like parts in each of the figures.
A, the fixed grooved rail.
B, the moveable grooved rail.
C, the sliding block working in the fixed grooved rail A.
D, the sliding block working in the moveable grooved rail B.
E, a pulley, F, the chain or wire connecting the sliding block with the signal
cabin.
G, a pulley. H, the chain or wire connecting the sliding block with the signal on
the signal post. I, the connecting rod.
J, J, the pillars to support the moveable grooved rail and lever arm U.
K, the columns to support the fixed grooved rail. L, a weight. M, a weight.
O, the chain to connect the sliding block D, with the end of the grooved rail B.
P, sleeper..
Q, the hinged flap. R, the iron or steel rail.
U, the lever arm connected to the rod I with blocks e and f. a, a chain, b. a chain.
c, brackets for support. d, weight to pull over the rod 1. block on the end of the
lever arm. f, fixed block wheel on the rod I.
E,
Having now fully described the nature and object of my Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I claim as new and novel the
following:-
First. The combination of the apparatus, fixed to any rail, and made any size, and
connected by the rod I, pressed inwards by means of the hinged flap Q, thereby

page_text: throwing the apparatus out of gear, to permit the sliding block D, to slide in the
grooved moveable rail B, up to the end of the chain O, to allow the signal arm on the
signal post to rise up, to indicate danger to any approaching engine, substantially
herein described and according to the accompanying drawings.
Secondly. The combination of the apparatus to remain out of gear, by the thick
part of the moveable block D, being in contact with the thick part of the moveable
block C, until such time as the signalman shall replace the lever in the signal
cabin to its ordinary position, upon doing this the moveable block C, slides towards
the end of the grooved rail A, nearest the signal post, which allows the sliding
blocks C, and D, to drop into a close fitting position, by means of the weights M,
attached to end of chains a, fixed on the top or on the underside of grooved rail B,
and passing over pullies E fixed on the grooved rail A, thus holding the grooved
rail B, and sliding block D, closely to sliding block C, and fixed grooved rail A.,
until released by engine in passing over metals, pressing hinge flap Q on end of
rod 1, which throws out the moveable grooved rail B, and sliding block D,
substantially herein described and according to the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly. The combination of the apparatus at joint block f, between rod I, and the
block e on lever arm U, by a bevelled faced plain wheel being attached to rod I, and
the rod passing or running loosely through end of block e, on lever arm U, which is
formed with a similar plain bevelled faced wheel, and at end of rod I, a small crank
with a weight d, attached, and chain or wire b, connecting to moveable block D,
which is when drawn towards the signal cabin, to lower the signal arm, pulls up the
crank at end of rod I, and revolves the wheel blocks, the thick part coming in contact
with the thick part of bevelled end block e, of lever arm U, moves rod I, towards
hinge flap Q on metal rail R, thus pressing out flap Q so that flange of engine wheel
in passing shall depress flap as herein before described and according to the
accompanying drawings.
Fourthly. I claim the apparatus to be worked as herein before contained, breaking
the connection between the signal cabin and the signal arm on the signal post,
without requiring the aid of any signalman to indicate line blocked, substantially
herein before described and according to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 13th day of January 1883.

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 13th Jan., 1888
Complete Accepted, 17th Feb.. 1888
I, THOMAS HENRY RICHARDSON Carpenter of High Street, Brasted, in the County
of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of a contrivance attached to the wires between the signal
cabin and the signal post, to indicate the position of the signal on the signal post, to
any engine driver, passing by the signal post with his engine in a fog. For signalling
during a fog, I prefer to fix on the side of the permanent way of railway, an iron rod
with cranked ends, this rod working in bearings, fixed on piles driven into the ground
at right angles to the metals, both the cranked ends leaning to an angle of 45 degrees,
right and left to the straight portion working in the bearings; one of the cranked
ends are fixed as near as convenient to the signal post attached to the wires between
the signal cabin and the signal post, the other cranked end fixed near the metals
outside the 4 feet way, and the train or engine passing along the metals, this crank
strikes one of the teeth or arms of a cog wheel with four cogs attached to the engine,
the cog wheel is fixed to an upright spindle, which spindle revolves a lamp fixed at
the top of the spindle, the lamp being fitted with green and red lights, or any coloured
lights which may be in use, thus turning the red light on to the engine driver to
indicate danger.
The cranked arm is too low down to allow it to strike the cog wheel on the engine,
when the signal indicates line clear.
The cranked arm at the end attached to the signal wire, has a wire leading on to a
counter balance weight, which is so arranged to be set that it allows the cranked arm
near the 4 feet line of metals to drop on being struck with sufficient force to cause the
lamp on the engine to revolve one quarter turn.
Dated this 25th day of June 1887.
THOMAS HENRY RICHARDSON,
Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Automatic Fog Signalling Apparatus for
Railways.
1, THOMAS HENRY RICHARDSON, Carpenter of High Street, Brasted, in the County
of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :—
My Invention consists of a contrivance attached to the wires between the signal
cabin or any other position, and the signal post, to indicate the position of the signal
on the signal post to any engine driver, passing by the said signal post with his engine
in a fog.
For signalling during a fog, I prefer to fix on the side of the permanent way of
railway, an iron or steel rod with cranked ends, this said rod working in bearings,
fixed on piles driven into the ground or bolted to timbers, at right angles to the
metals of the railway, both the cranked ends leaning to an angle of 45 degrees right
and left to the straight portion working in the bearings; one of the cranked ends are
fixed as near as convenient to the signal post and attached to wires between the signal
cabin and the signal post, the other cranked end is placed near the metals outside the
four feet way, and an engine passing along the metals, the crank strikes one of the
teeth or arms of a cog wheel, this wheel having four cogs attached to the engine,
the cog wheel is fixed to a spindle which spindle revolves a lamp fixed at the top of
the spindle, the lamp being fitted with four faces, with green and red lights alternately
or any coloured lights which may be in use on any particular railway, thus turning
the red light on to the engine driver to indicate danger and green light to indicate
line clear.
The cranked arm at end nearest the signal wire has a wire or chain attached to the
eye of crank a, one end of which connects when necessary to the wire running from
cabin to signal post, the other end passing under a pully wheel b, fixed on ground
line and over a pulley wheel c, fixed on short post and attached to counter balance
weight d, which is so arranged to be set, that it allows the cranked arm near the
4 feet way of metals, to drop on being struck with sufficient force to cause the lamp
on the engine to revolve one quarter turn.
And in order that my invention may be thoroughly understood, I now proceed to
describe the accompanying drawings thereof, reference being had to letters and figures
marked thereon.
Figure 1, represents the plan of the iron or steel rod marked A, with the cranked
ends marked B and F, with the eyelet a, working in bearings marked E, E, fixed on
the side of the permanent way near metals marked G with the wires attached
marked D, to connect to the signal cabin and the wires marked C, connected to the
wire D and the crank marked B and on to weight d.
Figure 2, represent the position of the apparatus in elevation, fixed to the side of
an engine, to strike the cranked end of the rod F, by one of the teeth or cogs of the
wheel marked P, fixed to the spindle N, with a stop marked Q, to prevent the cog
wheel from going only one quarter turn after being struck by the cranked end F, this
spindle revolving in bearings marked 0, 0, 0, 0, bolted to each side of an engine,

page_text: Having now fully described the nature and object of my invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I claim as new and novel the following:-
First. The combination of the apparatus of the cranked rod A, with cranked ends F
and B, working on bearings, at the side and at right angles to the permanent way,
and fixed in a position so that the cranked end F, shall or shall not strike one arm P,
of the four armed or cogs of the cog wheel in Figure 2, and of the counter balance
weight d, attached to chain, which chain passes over and under the pulley wheels c
and b, and attached to crank B, and passing on to end with spring hook, for attaching
to ordinary signal wire D when required, substantially herein described and according
to the accompanying drawings.
Secondly. The combination of the the apparatus N, fixed to revolve in bear-
ings 0, 0, 0, 0), on each side of an engine, with the cogwheel P, fixed to spindle N,
with a stop Q and the lamp L, at the top of the spindle N, to revolve one quarter
turn, on one arm of the cog wheel P, being struck by the cranked end F. of rod A,
substantially herein described and according to the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly. The combination and construction of the lamp L, with four faces, such
faces to be of red and green glass alternately or such other colours as may be desired
and of hood fixed J, at side of engine to obscure from the view of the engine driver,
three of the four glass faces of the lamp L, substantially herein described and according
to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 13th day of January 1888