IMPROVE- MENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR OPENING AND CLOSING SLIDING WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, AND DOORS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Bradly Barnard, of Saint Paul's Road, Canon-
bury, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR OPENING AND CLOSING SLIDING WINDOWS,
SHUTTERS, AND DOORS."
Sealed the 2nd June 1876, and dated the 15th December 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bradly Barnard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th December 1875.
I, BRADLY BARNARD, of Saint Paul's Road, Canonbury, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR OPENING AND CLOSING SLIDING
WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, AND DOORS," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in means or apparatus
for opening and closing sliding windows, shutters, and doors. For this
purpose I attach to each side of each sliding sash, shutter, or door one
or two cords, or their equivalents, which are passed over suitable guide

page_text: pulleys to a double or divided drum or pulley, to which they are firmly
secured in such manner that as the double or divided drum or pulley is
rotated in the one direction it shall wind up one cord, or one end of a
cord and give off the other, and vice versa when rotated in the contrary
direction.
Each double or divided drum or pulley has fixed thereto, or on the
axis thereof, a worn wheel, which receives rotary motion by means of a
worm, the axis of which is formed at its end to receive a suitable key by
which it may be operated.
I prefer to form each sash, shutter, or door with a curved or other
shaped groove at each side extending from end to end thereof to fit a
correspondingly shaped beading fixed to the frame, and I form the
bottom edge of the bottom sash, shutter, or door, and the upper edge of
the top sash, shutter, or door in a similar manner, and I make grooves or
recesses in the side or guiding beads to receive the cords, by which means
I dispense with the inner and outer beads ordinarily employed, and
retain only the parting bead, and at the same time render the sash,
shutter, or door wind and weather tight, and cause it to work
easily.
By the aid of my Invention I am enabled to dispense with the boxings
necessitated by the use of the ordinary counterbalance weights, as also
with every description of fastening, as by simply turning each double or
. divided drum or pulley in the one or the other direction its corresponding
sash, shutter, or door is opened or closed, and is firmly held in any
position in which it may be left.

page_text: of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Bradly Barnard, Her special license,
that I, the said Bradly Barnard, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Bradly Barnard, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR OPENING AND CLOSING SLIDING WINDOWS, SHUTTERS,
AND DOORS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Bradly
Barnard, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Bradly Barnard, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in means or apparatus.
for opening and closing sliding windows, shutters, and doors. For this
purpose I attach to each side of each sliding sash, shutter, or door one,
or two cords, or their equivalents, which are passed over suitable guide
pullies to a double or divided drum or pulley, to which they are firmly
secured in such manner that as the double or divided drum or pulley is
rotated in the one direction, it shall wind up one cord, or one end of a
cord, and give off the other, and vice versa when rotated in the contrary
direction.
Each double or divided drum or pulley has fixed thereto or on the
axis thereof a worm wheel which receives rotary motion by means of a
worm, the axis of which is formed at its end to receive a suitable key by
which it may be operated.
I prefer to form each sash, shutter, or door with a curved or other,
shaped groove at each side extending from end to end thereof to fit a

page_text: correspondingly shaped beading fixed to the frame, and I form the
bottom edge of the bottom sash, shutter, or door and the upper edge of
the top sash, shutter, or door in a similar manner, and I make grooves or
recesses in the side or guiding beads to receive the cords, by which means
I dispense with the inner and outer beads ordinarily employed, and
retain only the parting bead, and at the same time render the sash,
shutter, or door wind and weather tight, and cause it to work

page_text: The cord d is passed through a
and the cord d' through a hole in
the cords i, i, overriding each other.
hole in the flange or division piece
the flange or division piece h2 of the pulley h, whilst the cord i is
passed through a hole in the flange or division piece n! and the cord i
5 through a hole in the flange or division piece n³ of the pulley n. On the
axes of the drums or pulleys h, n, are fixed worm wheels h³, n³, which
are taken into and driven respectively by worms or screws o', p', formed
or fixed on the shafts or axes o, p. The shafts or axes o, p, are squared
or otherwise formed at their outer ends to enable them to be rotated
by means of suitable keys applied thereto. Grooves or recesses are
formed in the beadings c, and in the window frame to receive the
cords.
f
At Figures 6 and 7 I have represented details of the means I prefer to
employ for connecting the cords d, d', i, ³, to the sashes a, b, in which
it will be seen that I fix to the upper bar of the upper sash, or to the
lower bar of the lower sash, a bracket piece q, the part q¹ of which is
formed as a tapered dovetail, in order to enable it to be readily slidden
into a corresponding recess formed in the side of the sash, whilst the
part. q is screwed to the upper or lower sash bar, as the case may be.
The bracket piece q carries a tubular piece q³, which is provided with an
internal screw thread, in which are fitted two tubular or hollow nuts r, r.
The ends of the cords are passed through these nuts, and knotted at the
ends, or otherwise secured.
In case chains are employed in lieu of cords I employ the means repre-
sented at Figure 8, which consists in fixing a screw s¹ to the end of each
chains, and in fixing it in the hollow nut r by means of a smaller nut &*
screwed on the screw 8. By these arrangements facility for fixing and
adjusting the cords or chains is obtained.
At Figures 9 and 10 I have represented the mode in which I employ
separate double or divided drums or pulleyst for each cord or its equivalent
d, ď³, i, i¹. In this arrangement the drums are worked together in pairs,
each drum of each pair being provided with a flange or division piece t¹,
through which the cord is passed, as before described, and with a worm
wheel to, both of which are taken into and driven simultaneously by a
worm or screw u. Thus by simply turning the shafts or axes o, p, in the
one or the other direction I am enabled to raise and lower the sashes to
any required extent.

page_text: It is evident that the position of the drums or pulleys h and n and the
arrangement of the guide wheels for the cords d, d', i, i¹, may be varied
according to circumstances without departing from the peculiar character
Invention.
óf
my
1
My Invention is also applicable to windows, shutters, and doors
working in directions other than vertical, and is applicable to show cases
and various other articles.
By the aid of my Invention I am enabled to dispense with the boxings
necessitated by the use of the ordinary counterbalance weights, as also
with every description of fastening, as by simply turning each double or
divided drum or pulley in the one or the other direction its corresponding
sash, shutter, or door is opened or closed, and is firmly held in any
position in which it may be left.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode
in which I have carried the same into effect, I would have it understood
that what I claim is, the employment for opening and closing sliding
windows, shutters, and doors of cords, or their equivalents, connected
thereto, and conducted by suitable guide pulleys to and from drums or
pulleys, on which they are wound and unwound in manner substantially
as herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Bradly Barnard, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
BRADLY BARNARD. (L.S.)