Apparatus for Heating by Electricity.
Year: 1899

page_text: Apparatus for Heating by Electricity.
PINILIP JOLIN, 2, Camden Terrace, Cotham Road, South Bristol, do hereby de-
clare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A metalic or other suitable receptical or case, is lined inside with an insulating
substance or material, which is fire proof as for instance enamel, or asbestos, or
like substances, that will answer the purpose; a metal strip or wire of suitable
section, is coiled, or wound around, a heat resisting and insulating cord or strip of
section suitable for the purpose; the said metal strip or wire carries the electric
current and becomes heated thereby in the usual way. This coiled metal strip or
wire is inserted in the above mentioned receptical or case, and thoroughly in-
sulated therefrom, and from adjacent coils or turns of the said coiled metal strip
or wire so as to prevent shortcircuiting. The ends of the said strip or wire come
through a suitable insulating and fire resisting disc or other shaped piece according
to the shape of the heating apparatus, the said ends are securely attached mechani
cally and also electrically, to thick suitably insulated conductors, the connection
or points of attachment of the wire or strip to the thick conductor are thoroughly
insulated from one another, and from the receptical or case.
The thick conductors
pass through a strong metal plate the holes of which are bushed with a fire resist
ing insulating bush or the conductors may be attached to suitable terminals,
which terminals, or conductors before mentioned, forme the points of connection
to the source of the electrical supply.
Dated this Twenty-first day of January 1899
PHILIP JOLIN, 2, Camden Terrace, Cotham Road, South Bristol, do hereby de-
clare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in electrical heating apparatus, and con-
sists of a suitable outer case or receptacle preferably of metal, for radiating pur-
poses the inside of the said receptacle or case is thoroughly insulated with enamel,
asbestos, or other suitable material; in this receptacle or case is placed a suitable
metal wire or strip, said wire or strip being first wound around a strip or cord of
heat-resisting substance, the strip or cord with the coiled metal wire is then placed
inside the receptacle or case the turns or folds of said metal wire-encased-strip or
cord being insulated one from another, and from the case to prevent short circuit-
017

page_text: ing, the ends of the metal strip or wire are then passed through an insulating disc
and securely twisted around the ends of a suitable flexible cord or wire and the
end so twisted is bent in the form of a hook or ring and a metal washer placed on
either side of the hook or ring and a rivet or eyelet, as used in boots is passed
through the hole in the centre of the washers and riveted or clinched securely;
the ends of the flexible cords or wires are passed through another insulating
disc, care being taken that the washers and wires between the discs are kept
well apart. The said flexible cords or wires are then taken through a strong
metal disc with suitable holes in it having heat resisting insulating bushes inserted
in the said holes.
The coiled metal strip or wire wound around the insulating strip or cord may
be all in one piece, or may be divided into two or more parts having suitable flexible
cords or wire ends for connecting to the source of supply of electricity; or connec
tion may be made at other points along the said wire besides the ends. The
separate ends may be arranged in series or parallel as may be convenient so as
to vary the heating capacity. This invention is also applicable to the heating
of ovens, saucepans, and other cooking utensils, also brands, tailors and other
irons. The said flexible cords may be long enough to reach direct to the electrical
supply as described or may end in suitable studs or terminals on the piece of
apparatus to be heated and then suitable flexible connections may be used to con-
nect said studs or terminals to the supply of electricity. In the case of irons being
heated it is convenient to have a switch in the handle so that when the handle is
grasped in the hand, the switch closes and puts in more heating wire and so com-
pensates for loss of heat due to being used; or on standing the iron on a suitable
rest or stand, having a stud which rises a projecting lever cutting out part of the
heating wire.
When alternating currents are used the heating may be increased
by inserting an iron wire in the insulating strip or cord on which the heating wire
or strip is wound, or other suitable place, so as to become heated by the eddy
currents in the iron.
a, a, is
That this invention may be better understood I append drawings, Fig. 1 is the
plan of a hot plate constructed on the coiled plan, and Fig. 2 is a section of the
same plate, the same letters refer to the same parts of both Figs. 1 and 2.
a suitable metal case or receptacle preferably of iron insulated inside with
asbestos d, d in this is coiled the heating, wire-encircled-cord c, c, the adjacent
turns of the cord c, c, being separated and insulated from one another by asbestos
strip, the end b shows the coiling of the heating wire around the insulating
cord more clearly by means of the dotted lines, this is also shown in Fig. 8 to
larger scale the ends of the metal wire e, e, are brought through an asbestos
disc f. f, and secured to the ends of the flexible cords k, k, by twisting them
around k, k, and they are then firmly secured in place by means of the washers,
and rivet or eyelet r, shown separately in Figs. 4 and 5; another disc of asbestos / is
then passed over the flexible cords kk, and an iron plate h, having holes bushed
with china bushes p, p, is then placed over the whole; the flexible cords k, k,
coming through the holes in the bushes, and the plate is then secured in its place
by a nut n, screwed on the stud or screws, provided in the centre of the case a,
three or more insulating feety, two of which are shown in Fig. 2 are provided for
the necessary support as a hot plate if desired. Fig. 3 shows the flexible cord
with asbestos covering and wire e, twisted around the bare metal conductor of the
flexible cord.
Fig. 4 shows plan of the same with the washer w, and rivet or eyelet r, in place
and Fig. 5 side view of the same showing the two washers, e, and rivet or eyelet
through them.
Fig. 6 shows the handle of an iron for pressing and ironing clothes fitted with
the switch before mentioned; H being a wood or other heat resisting handle
around the metal handle I, I, which is hollow from preference, inside this metal
handle is placed a contact spring s¹, insulated from the metal I by means of an
insulating piece ¹, another contact spring s", is also provided insulated from I

page_text: by an insulating piece from these two springs sl and gll wires suitably insulated
pass into the hody of the iron, a spring g', is provided on the underside of the-
handle H having its point of attachment at z, and having at its other end a piece
of insulating material o, which passes up through the hole in the handle and
presses on spring when the handle H is grasped in the hand the spring g', is
forced up and presses ", into contact with ', and closes the circuit and allows
the current of electricity to pass through more heating wire and so increase the heat
given off.
Fig shows an arrangement by which when the iron is at rest on a suitable
stand having a projection which will press up or raise the lever m¹, which when the
iron was in use was pressing the spring s and sl together, but which on being
raised as aforesaid allows s to leave breaking the circuit and so reducing the
length of heating wire in circuit, similar parts in Fig. 6 and 7 are lettered alike.
Fig. is a diagram, of the wiring of an iron or other square article on the
straight system c¹, ell, ell, el, are strips or cords encircled by the coiled heating
wire laid in parallel in the box d, d, d, d, insulated the same as Fig. 1 with
asbestos or other suitable material i, i, i, i; the parallel portions of the heating
wire-encircled-cord or strip being insulated one from another by the strips of asbestos
or other suitable insulating material of a heat resisting nature i, i, i, i, as in Fig. 1;
the thick lines u, u, u, u, denote the connections of one portion to another and
also to the supply of electricity M, M', the two outer portions c¹, c¹, being shown
permenently connected by u, u¹, the other ends of c¹, c¹, being permenently connected
to M, M, by u,, one end wll of the inner portion el is connected to M¹ and the
other end of el is connected by u to one end of cl, the other end of, being
connected to u, w, which is one part of the switch shown in Fig. 6 the other
parts, which goes to M representing the other part of the switch Fig. 6.
When, is put in contact with w¹, the heating wire c", e¹¹¹, is put in circuit and
adds to the heat of the whole.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
(1) A wire or strip of metal coiled around a heat resisting insulating substance,
substantially as described and shown.
(2) The use of an eyelet or rivet in combination with a suitable metal washer
for making the connection from heating wire to the flexible connecting cord,
substantially as set forth and shown.
(3) The combination of said heating wire, eyelet, washers, and flexible cord, and
metal case, substantially as set forth.
(4) The combination of the flexible cords with suitable insulating discs and
bushes substantially as set forth and shown.
(5) The use of a suitable switch for increasing or decreasing the heating
power of the wire or strip of metal in combination with the handle of heating
apparatus, substantially as set forth and shown.
(6) The combination of said switch with the wire or strip of metal substantially
as set forth and shown.
(7) The use in conjunction with the wire or strip of metal of an iron centre to
the cord or strip around which the heating strip or wire is coiled, or similar
arrangement, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 17th day of October 1899.
PHILIP JOLIN.