AN IMPROVED PEG OR HOLDFAST FOR SECURING TENTS, STRENGTHENING TELEGRAPH POLES, TETHERING HORSES, AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Goodjer Garrard, of Bridge Road, Battersca,
London, S.W., for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED PEG OR HOLDFAST
FOR SECURING TENTS, STRENGTHENING TELEGRAPH POLES, TETHERING HORSES,
AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Goodjer Garrard
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 13th June 1873.
I, JOHN GOODJER GARRARD, of Bridge Road, Battersea, London, S.W.,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
PEG OR HOLDFAST FOR SECURING TENTS, STRENGTHENING TELEGRAPH POLES,
TETHERING HORSES, AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of an improved form of peg or holdfast which
I construct in the following manner :-I use a piece of iron or other
metal of straight or T iron section about 15 inches long or other con-
venient length. At the top of this peg is a hole to receive a link of
chain or hook for tethering. A short distance below this hole is a cross
piece to facilitate the forcing into and withdrawing of the peg from the

page_text: ground, and also to act as a stop or guard. That part of the peg which
enters the ground is curved inwards towards the point, so that in extract-
ing it must be made to describe a curve and cannot be moved by a
straight pull. It is also drawn out to a fine point and tapered from
back to front like a sword to enable it casily to cut its way into the
ground.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Goodjer Garrard in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 10th December 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GOODJER GARRARD, of Bridge Road, Battersea, London, S.W., send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-sixth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said John Goodjer Garrard, Her special license
that I, the said John Goodjer Garrard, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Goodjer Garrard, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agroc with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED PEG OR HOLDFAST FOR SECURING TENTS, STRENGTHENING TELEGRAPH
POLES, TETHERING HORSES, AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Goodjer Garrard, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Goodjer Garrard, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of an improved form of peg or holdfast for
securing tents, strengthening telegraph posts, tethering horses, and other
similar purposes; also for shoes to be attached to piles, telegraph posts,
hurdle standards, and fences, to enable them to be more easily driven
into the ground; or it may be made with one or more blades or fangs,
and used for agricultural purposes, as holdfasts for steam ploughs, or for
mooring or otherwise securing barges, buoys, &c. When used as a peg,
I construct it of short pieces of merchant iron or other suitable metal of
angle, Tee, H, channel, cross, straight, or other section, as may be con-
venient. At the top of the peg is a hole to receive a link of chain or
hook for tethering; a short distance below this hole is a cross piece to
facilitate the forcing into and withdrawing of the peg from the ground,
also to act as a stop or guard. That part of the peg which enters the
ground is curved inwards towards the point, so that in extracting it must
be made to describe a curve, and cannot be removed by a straight pull,
thereby ensuring great rigidity and strength. It is also drawn to a fine
point and tapered from back to front like a sword or scimitar to enable
it easily to cut its way into the ground. It may nevertheless be made
in a straight piece if desired.
When used as a shoe I construct it of any required length to suit the
purpose for which it is intended, and use either angle, Tee, H, channel,
cross, straight, or other section of merchant iron, or any other suitable
material as may be convenient; these shoes are fixed to the ends of piles,
posts, hurdle standards, &c., in any ordinary way for joining, either by
bolts or otherwise. By the use of these shoes much less labor is
required for driving, and more stability acquired, as the earth is not so
much disturbed.
I also use the above description of iron, especially the cross section
for sheet piling, by driving into the ground at convenient distances apart
piles of iron, and fill in between them planks or boards.
And in order that my said Invention may be better understood and
more easily carried into effect I will proceed to describe the Drawings
hereunto annexed.
Figure 1 shews my improved peg made from straight iron.
1

page_text: for
Figures 3 and 4 shew the ordinary piles with my improved iron shoes
ease in driving into the ground..
Figure 5 shews cross section of iron used for sheet piling.
Figure 6 shews cross section of iron as used for shoes or pegs for
hurdle or fence standards.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and how the same is to be carried into effect, I would have it understood
that what I desire to claim by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent is,-
5
Firstly. The use of the above described peg or holdfast as illustrated 1
by the Drawings hereunto annexed for uses as above set forth.
Secondly. The use of a similar article as shoes for piles, posts, hurdle
standards, and other similar objects made and used in the manner as
above described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
And Thirdly. The use of the above described sections of iron in con- 1
junction with planks, boards, &c., for sheet piling, as described and
illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Goodjer Garrard, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
2
JOHN G. GARRARD. (L.S.)
Witness,
H. ELLIS HILL,
of the Firm of Barlow & Co.,
Patent Agents,
23, Southampton Buildings,
W.C.