Improvements in Band Sawing Machinery, and the Feeding of Timber to Sawing, Planing, and Moulding Machines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 2nd June, 1890-Accepted; 28th Feb., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Band Sawing Machinery, and the Feeding of
Timber to Sawing, Planing, and Moulding Machines.
I, EDWIN JACKSON, Saw Mill Foreman, of Knowsley Park, Prescot, Lanca-
shire, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN BAND
SAWING MACHINERY, AND THE FEEDING OF TIMBER, TO SAWING, PLANING
AND MOULDING MACHINES, to be as follows:-
My invention consists in the use of excentric pawls, for driving band saws, to
avoid the slipping which occurs by present methods, whereby, I am enabled to use
one, or more, band saws, on one machine.
Also the method of adjusting the saws, to cut any thickness of boards, or planks
without changing the saws:
For feeding timber, to sawing, planing, or moulding machines, I also use excentric
pawls, whereby 1 am enabled to feed to cutters or saws, one or more picces at the
same time.
For band sawing machine, carrying four saws, I provide main casting, in which,
runs driving shaft, on which I mount driving pulley and maimed gear wheels, gearing
into internal rack slides, carrying pawl boxes and excentric pawls, sliding on bed of
main casting, I then mount drums, on each side of main casting, which revolve on
studs, the studs being fixed to slides, the slides being actuated by hand wheel
mounted on shaft, on each end of which are fixed, bevel gear wheels, working screws
in slides, which move the slides, to any distance required, from drums, which have
a fixed centre. On the collar of studs, carrying drums, I mount arms to swivel,.
carrying tension pullies, revolving on stud, fixed at the end of arms. On the other
end of arms I form skew gear teeth, into which is geared, worm wheel, fixed on
shaft, and moved by hand wheel. At the top on the collar of studs, carrying
drums, I mount weighted tension lever, one end of which is notched to fit pawl,
connected to arm, carrying tension pullies, thereby keeping the saws on pullies, at
full tension.
1
The saws on drums, being tightened by hand wheel, connected to slide, I mount
two of the band saws, of suitable length, on to drums, on each side of main casting,
the other two, going over drums and pullies, mounted on arms, the whole of the
four saws, being on the same plane, at the bed of machine, pass through the pawl
boxes, in which are packing pieces, to prevent damage to saws, by pawls.
The mode of operation is as follows,
The driving shaft, which is geared into internal rack slides, moves slides, pawl
boxes, and pawls, backwards, and forwards, alternately, the excentric pawls,
locking the saws, in their forward motion, carrying the saws along with them.
practically converting the same into a continuous feed motion.
To adjust the saws, to cut any thickness of boards that may be required, I move
drums to the relative distance required to the fixed centre, by hand wheel, which
moves the slides on which the studs are fixed, and the drums revolve, to the
distance required, I then turn the shaft on which worm wheel is fixed, gearing into
skew gear teeth on end of arm, by hand wheel, moving the arms carrying pullies,
to the angle required, the weighted tension levers, keeping the saws at full tension,
and parallel with each other. The same method with modifications, applying to
machines with any number of saws.
For feeding timber, to sawing, planing, or moulding machines, in frame of
machine I mount a driving shaft, with speed pullies, on one end of which I fix gear
wheel, gearing into another gear wheel fixed on end of shaft carrying maimed gear
wheels, which work in internal rack slides, on the end of which are cast sockets

page_text: with brackets to take shafts, on one end of which are fixed, cross braces, bracing
two slides together in pairs. The cross braces carrying excentric pawls, swivelling
on pins, and the sockets carrying roller on plate.
The bottom ends of shafts are bored to receive screws, on one end of which I fix
bevel gear wheels, gearing into bevel gear wheels fixed on cross shafts which couple
the slides together, on one end of each of these cross shafts, I fix skew gear wheels
into which work worm wheels, which are mounted on shaft at right angles to cross
shafts, the worm wheels sliding on shaft freely, and are held in position, by feather
or slip working in groove formed in shaft the worm wheels being held in position
by lugs, cast on brackets, and the shaft being turned, by hand wheel fixed on end.
The mode of operation is as follows
The driving shaft on the end of which is fixed gear wheel, gearing into another
wheel, moves the shaft on which are mounted inaimed gear wheels on each end,
working in internal rack slides, moves the slides, backwards and forwards alternately,
carrying shafts, cross braces, pawls, and roller or plate, with cross shafts, worm
wheels, and skew gear wheels with them. The excentric pawls locking or wedging
the timber and carrying the same along with it in its forward motion, each slide
alternately, practically converting the same into a continuous feed motion, the same
as described in band sawing machines, by having a number of pawls, I am enabled
to feed one, or more, pieces through-at the same time each pawl being independent
and complete in itself."
To raise the pawls to receive any thickness of timber required to be fed to
cutters, or saws, I turn hand wheel, fixed on shaft on which is mounted wormi
wheels, gearing into skew gear wheels which moves the cross shafts on which are
fixed bevel gear wheels which gear into bevel gear wheels fixed on end of screws,
these in turn moving the screws, which raises the shafts, to which are connected
cross braces, and pawls, thereby raising or lowering the same as desired,
simultaneously.
The same inethods apply, with modifications to suit the various machines.
EDWIN JACKSON.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Band Sawing Machinery, and the Feeding of
Timber to Sawing, Planing, and Moulding Machines.
I, EDWIN JACKSON, Saw Mill Foreman, of Knowsley Park, Prescot, Lanca-
shire, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN BAND
SAWING MACHINERY, AND THE FEEDING OF TIMBER, TO SAWING, PLANING,
AND MOULDING MACHINES, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists, in the use of eccentric pawls, for driving band saws, to
avoid the slipping, which occurs by present methods, of driving by pullies, and the
combination by which, I am enabled to use one, or more, band saws, on one
machine at the same time.
I also use eccentric pawls for feeding timber, to sawing, planing, and moulding
machines.
As an example of the application of my invention, I give herewith, drawings,
illustrating a band sawing machine, carrying four saws (Sheet 1) feed motion
for planing or moulding machine (Sheet 2).
Feed motion for circular saw bench Sheet No. 3.
The same letters, apply to the different views of the same parts.
For band sawing machine, carrying four saws, Sheet No. 1.
Fig. 1 is a side view

page_text: Fig. 4 side view of enlarged detail of portion of internal rack slide, maimed gear
wheels and pawl boxes.
Fig. 5 end view of same.
Fig. 6 plan of one half of enlarged detail, omitting pullies to avoid confusion.
Fig. 7 end view of pawl box and slides, shewing packing pieces underneath and
on the top of saws, to prevent damage to saws by eccentric pawls.
Fig. 8 plan of two slides in pairs working on each side of machine shewn apart
to avoid confusion, with double pawl box, on one end of each slide, through which
pass the two saws, on each side of machine.
On Sheet No. 1 are shewn main casting A in which runs, driving shaft B on
which I mount, driving pulley B' and maimed gear wheels 12 gearing into internal
rack slides C on which are fixed pawl boxes carrying eccentric pawls C³ and
packing picces C sliding on bed of main casting A.
I then mount drums D and D³ on each side of main casting A, on studs D'
the studs D of the drums D being fixed to slides D². The slides D2 being
actuated, by hand wheel E on shaft Et, on each end of which are fixed bevel
gear wheels, working screws E2 in slides D' moving the same to any distance
required from drums D' which have fixed centres.
On the collars of studs D' of the drums in the front of the machine, I mount
arms F, F which swivel on D'.
The arms carrying pullies G revolving on studs G. The arms F having skew
gear teeth formed on one end, into which are geared worm wheels H. moved by
hand wheel H'.
On collars of studs D' 1 mount tension levers with weights in the notched
ends of which fit pawls or catches connected with arms by studs or bolts, to keep
the saws on pullies or at full tension.
The saws on drums D being tightened by the hand wheel J connected to the
slides D (of the drums at the back of the machine) with bevil gear wheels J.
I now mount two of the band saws of suitable length, on to drums D and D' on
each side of main casting A. The other two saws going over druns D and pullies G :
as shewn on side view Fig. 1.
The whole of the four band saws being on the same plane at K pass through the
pawl boxes C¹ in which are packed pieces C to prevent damage to saws by pawls C².
The packing pieces C+ being grooved to clear the sett of the saw teeth.
When the saws are of such width, that the sett of teeth would come in contact
with the gripping portion of packing pieces C I reverse the position of packing
pieces and bring the grooved part to clear the sett of saw teeth thereby requiring
only one packing piece to suit any width of saw.
The mode of operation is as follows
The driving shaft B on which are mounted maimed gear wheels B in pairs on
each side of machine as shewn at Fig. 3 and 8 the teeth of one being in gear in the
top part of internal rack slides at C Fig. 1 while the teeth of adjoining maimed
gear wheels are in gear in the bottom part of adjoining internal rack slides, so that
the alternate slides, are moving forward in the direction of arrow at C Fig. 4 on
each side of machine while the adjoining slides are moving backwards, each slide
alternately.
Each slide having double pawl boxes on one end as shewn at Fig. 8 in which
are two packing pieces in each box, one being placed underneath the saws and the
other on top side of saws as shewn at Fig. 7, to prevent damage to saws when being
nipped or wedged by eccentric pawls C on Figs. 1 and 4.
That the packing pieces C may be kept in position, when slides are moving
backwards and forwards I form projecting lugs on each end of packing pieces as
shewn at Fig. 7, fitting against each end of pawl boxes C¹.
The eccentric pawls C Figs. 4 and 5 are mounted in each box, fitting easily
on pin, and by their own weight remain always in contact with packing pieces C.
The saws passing between packing pieces Cat K Fig. 4 when slides are moving
forward in the direction of arrow.

page_text: The pawls C by frictional contact with packing pieces are drawn under and act
on the principle of a wedge nipping or wedging the saws and carrying the
saws along with them, the pawls being released when travelling in the
opposite direction. By having two slides on each side of machine I have one
slide on each side of machine travelling in direction of arrow, while the adjoining
slide on each side of machine is travelling in the opposite direction thereby keeping
the saws in continuous motion in one direction.
To adjust the saws to cut any thickness of boards, I movė drums D at the front
of machine to the relative distance required by hand wheel E on the shaft E¹
moving the slides on which drums D are mounted to the required distance.
:
To adjust the saws going over pullies G and drums DÌ turn hand wheel H¹
which moves worm wheel H. and arm F' to the angle required.
The tension levers 1 with weights I' keeping the saws, at full tension, and parallel
with each other.
On Sheet No. 2 is illustrated feed motion suitable for planing, or moulding
machine.
Fig. 1 is a side view of a portion of frame.
Fig. 2 end view of same.
Fig. 3 plan.
Fig. 4 portion of slides, and maimed gear wheels, on larger scale.
Fig. 5 plan of same.
In frame AI mount driving shaft B, on which are fixed speed pullies B', and
gear wheel B, gearing into wheel C, on shaft C', carrying, maimed gear
wheels, C, gearing into, rack slides D, on one end of which, are cast sockets,
with brackets or arms D¹, to take shafts D2. On one end of D I fix cross
braces E, bracing two slides together, as shewn in Fig. 2 and 3. The cross
braces E carrying eccentric pawls F, and the sockets D', carrying roller or
plate F. The bottom end, of shafts D³, are bored, to receive screws G. On
the end of screws G, I fix bevel gear wheels G gearing into G, which are
mounted on shafts H. On the ends of shafts H, I fix skew gear wheels H', into
which, are geared worm wheels H, which slide freely, on shaft I, and are kept
in position, by lugs on arms D' and feather or key, to slide in groove on shaft I,
on the end of which is fixed hand-wheel J.
The mode of operation, is as follows.
The driver B with B' and B2 driving, shaft C' and C. Maimed gear wheels,
give alternate, backward, and forward, motion, to slides D carrying shafts D³,
cross braces E, and eccentric pawls F, with roller or plate F", locking, or wedging,
the timber, in its forward motion, in the direction of arrow, each slide alternately,
practically, converting the same, into a continuous feed motion, the same as
described, in band saw machine.
By having a number of pawls, as shewn on Fig. 2, and Fig. 3, I am enabled, to
feed one, or more, pieces to the cutters at the same time, each pawl being entirely
independent, and complete in itself.
In order, to raise the pawls F to receive, the thickness of timber required to be
fed to cutters, I turn hand wheel J on shaft I, which moves worm wheel H, bevel
gear wheels G and G³, raising, or lowering, shafts D2 with cross-braces E and
pawls F, to any height desired, simultaneously.
On Sheet No. 3 is illustrated, feed motion suitable for circular saw bench.
Fig. 1 is a front view of portion of frame.
Fig. 2 end view.
Fig. 3 back view.
Fig. 4 enlarged view of eccentric pawls, maimed gear wheels, and rack.
Fig. 5 portion of side view of same.
In frame A runs shaft A' with speed pullies A' and worm wheel A' working
into skew gear wheel Bon shaft 13 and kept in position, by feather, in slot of
shaft B and lugs on slide frame. On the end of shaft B I fix bevel gear
wheels B³ gearing into, bevel gear wheel C on shaft C¹.. On the other end of

page_text: shaft CI fix maimed gear wheels C and C³, which gear, into internal rack
slides D carrying eccentric pawls D₁ the slides D with pawls D' working in slide
arm D.
On the top of slide arm D I mount shaft E, on one end of which, is fixed
hand wheel E' and on the other end, bevel gear wheel E', gearing, into bevel
gear wheel F, fixed on the end of vertical screw F¹, which is mounted, in
slide D' working through nut, cast on slide frame, and collar, on bottom end of slide.
The mode of operation, is as follows,
The driving shaft A' with speed pullies A' and worm wheel A', drives skew
gear wheel B on shaft B' which in turn actuates shaft C by bevel gear wheels B'
and C giving circular motion, to maimed gear wheels C and C³ moving, internal
rack slides D which carry eccentric pawls D' backwards and forwards, alternately,
locking or wedging, the timber G and carrying the same over rollers G¹ in saw bench
top.
To raise the slide arm D to the height required, to receive the timber G, for
feeding to saw, I move hand-wheel E which turns shaft E, bevel gear wheels E
and with screw F' working in nut, cast on slide frame, which raises slide and
arm D' to the height desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that I do not confine myself to the exact combinations as herein
described but declare that what I claim is :-
1st. The use of eccentric pawls, or their equivalent, acting as a wedge, for
locking or wedging band saws, substantially as herein described.
2nd. The use of eccentric pawls or their equivalent, in combination with pawl
boxes, grooved packing pieces, tension pullies, and the feeding the same forward
by slide motion for driving band saws.
3rd. The use of eccentric pawls, or their equivalent, for locking or wedging the
timber to be fed to sawing, planing or moulding machines, substantially as herein
described.
4th. The use of eccentric pawls, or their equivalent in combination, with plate
or rollers, and feeding the same forward by slide motion, substantially as herein
described, and set forth.
Dated this 30th day of May 1890.
EDWIN JACKSON.