IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING LIQUIDS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Langford, of Orzen Street, in the Town and
County of the Town of Nottingham, Machine Builder and Publican,
and Charles Chester, of Bloomsgrove, in the Parish of Radford, in the
County of Nottingham, Steam Engine Boiler Manufacturer, for the In-
vention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING LIQUIDS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Langford and Charles.
Chester at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 8th February 1860.
We, JOHN LANGFORD, of Orzen Street, in the Town and County of the
Town of Nottingham, Machine Builder and Publican, and CHARLES CHESTER,
of Bloomsgrove, in the Parish of Radford, in the County of Nottingham,
Steam Engine Boiler Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in cooling all kinds of liquids by a process of cold water,
either with or without the same being exposed to the influence of atmospheric
air or to the action of the sun or of frost, and is as follows:-In drawing off
liquids we allow them to run into a vessel composed of wrought iron or other
suitable material, and entirely surrounded by a cistern of cold water, which can be
constantly supplied by a flexible tube attached to a tap or equivalent contrivance.
This cistern has a hole or outlet in its upper part which allows the water to
escape when it is full, and by its constantly running into the cistern the heat
of the liquid rapidly decreases. By these means the strength of the liquid will
be retained, and also even its quality improved. In drawing off liquids into
very large vessels we propose, if necessary, to divide and subdivide the same

page_text: in the employment of our cistern, so that the liquids in large vessels may be
cooled as rapidly, or nearly so, as those in small ones; many advantages would
thus be obtained.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Langford and Charles Chester in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 8th August 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
LANGFORD, of Orzen Street, in the Town and County of the Town of Not-
tingham, Machine Builder and Publican, and CHARLES CHESTER, of Blooms-
grove, in the Parish of Radford, in the County of Nottingham, Steam Engine
Boiler Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said John Langford and Charles Chester Her special licence that we, the
said John Langford and Charles Chester, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said John Langford and Charles Chester,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING LIQUIDS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Langford and
Charles Chester, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of
us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Langford and Charles Chester,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say: —
Our Invention relates to the cooling of liquids by a cold water process,

page_text: whether the liquids be exposed or not to the sun, frost, or atmospheric air.
According to our Invention in drawing off the liquids to be cooled we cause
them to run into a vessel entirely surrounded by a cistern of cold water kept
constantly supplied by a flexible tube attached to a tap, or by other equivalent
contrivance. This cistern has an orifice or outlet in its upper part, which
allows the water to escape when the cistern becomes full, and the water being
kept constantly or continuously running into the cistern, the heat of the liquid
which is run into the vessel in order to be cooled will be rapidly decreased.
In this process the strength of the liquid to be cooled will be retained, and
even its quality improved. In drawing off liquids into very large vessels we
divide, and, when necessary, subdivide such vessels, our said constant or con-
tinuous supply cistern being employed in manner hereafter described, so that
liquids in large vessels may be cooled as rapidly, or nearly so, as those in
small vessels; by these means many advantages would be obtained.
We now proceed to explain our Invention more particularly, and the mode.
of carrying the same into effect with reference to the accompanying Draw-
ings.
Figure 1 is a plan, and Figure 2, a vertical section of our improved coolers.
A, A, are vessels or cisterns of any required capacity, constructed of wrought
or cast iron, sheet metal, slate, or stone, into which the liquid to be cooled is
run; B is a cistern intended to be kept continuously supplied with cold water.
We take one or more of the vessels A, and fix them in the cistern B, in such
manner that each vessel A, may be surrounded by the water in the cistern,
that is to say, the cistern B forms outer water casings or water spaces sur-
rounding each vessel A. We support the vessels A, in the outer cistern B,
a short distance from the bottom of such outer cistern, (so as to leave a space
between the bottoms of A and B,) by bolting together the angle irons where-
with the tops of the vessels A and B are strengthened by means of plates I,
as shewn, and we connect the vessels A to each other by pipes H, close to the
bottom, so that when the liquid to be cooled is run into one vessel A, it will
run into all the others attaining the same height in each; C, C, are tubes
which may be fitted in the vessels A, (extending the length thereof) when
wide or deep vessels A are used. In order to assist the refrigerating operation
of the cistern B, with which these tubes C communicate at each end, so
that when cold water is admitted into B, it will also flow into the tubes C.
The hot liquid that has to be cooled is run into the vessel A, we then fill the
cistern or spaces B, surrounding the vessels A with cold water through the
pipe D, at the bottom of the cistern, the water also filling the tubes C, as
stated, allowing the water to run slowly in; the water as it gets warm from the

page_text: beat imparted to it by the hot liquid runs away through the overflow pipe E,
leading from the upper part of B, cold water being kept flowing into B con-
tinuously. The pipes C have one end raised a little higher than the other, so
that the water which they contain as it becomes heated may more readily rise
out of them. G is an outlet pipe leading from the bottom of one or more of
the vessels A, by which pipe G the liquid, when sufficiently cool, is conveyed
away from the vessels A to the pipes leading to the barming vats or other
pipes or vessels intended to carry off and receive the cooled liquid; the pipe G
is closed by a plug or stop-cock, while the cooling operation is going on.
When we desire to run out the water in the casing we do so by means of a
stop-cock F. When the cooled liquor has been run out of the vessels they are
well washed out with clear water, the tubes C, when used, being of a form
and in a position suitable for a thorough cleaning of the same. The cleaning
water running off through the pipe G, to the ground or elsewhere. We do
not use the pipes C, in small cooling vessels, but in large ones, where the
liquid has to be speedily cooled they may be employed in any desired
number.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is, the
arrangement and combination of vessels for the purpose of cooling liquids con-
structed in the manner herein before described
herein before described and exemplified in the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Langford and Charles Chester
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Seventh day of August,
One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
GEO. JON. ROBINSON,
Patent Agent,
Nottingham.
CHARLES CHESTER. (L.S.)