Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Jan., 1888
Complete Left, 15th Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 29th Mar., 1888
A communication from abroad by GEORGE CASE SETCHELL, of Norwich, New
London, County, State of Connecticut, U.S.A., Manufacturer.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S. M.I.M.E. of the Agency for Foreign Patent
Solicitors 6, Lord Street, Liverpool and 6, Bank Street. Manchester, both in the County
of Lancaster and 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
"
The immediate objects of this Invention are to produce a more perfect Wood Type
than has been commonly used heretofore, and also to so improve the methods by which
such type are made that they may be very cheaply and rapidly produced.
Wood types have been most commonly produced heretofore by means of so called
pantograph machines," having swiftly revolving cutters which shape the type on
end-wood blocks by cutting away the surplus wood to a considerable depth below the
printing surface, said cutters being controlled and guided by corresponding travellers
or pointers which follow enlarged patterns of the desired letters. This action pro-
duces a perfect fac-simile, or an enlarged or reduced counterpart. of said pattern, as
desired.
Such a method, although commonly practised, is objectionable for the reason that
type so produced must be trimmed and finished by hand, in all the acute angular
portions which the revolving cutters cannot reach. Such hand work adds to the
construction a considerable cost which is avoided in this present invention.
In producing type by this new method blocks or strips of prepared end wood are
used, preferably somewhat larger than the finished type. By means of suitable
impression dies, portions of the face of such blocks, conformning to the outlines and
centers of the desired letters are pressed back a sixteenth of an inch, or thereabouts.
The remaining surplus stock on the surface is then removed either by cutting in
a pantograph machine or by sawing; the said method and certain modifications of
the same being fully described hereinafter. The said Invention is illustrated in the
two sheets of drawings hereunto annnexed, in which figure 1 is a perspective view of
a block of end wood ready for the impression die.

page_text: Figure 2 is a similar view of the same after having been impressed by an outlining
die, and
Figure 3 the same with surplus stock removed from the printing face, leaving the
type ready for use.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of an impression die for producing the type illustrated
in figures 2 and 3.
Figure shows face and edge views of a die for producing a letter W, and
Figure 6 a type block impressed by said die.
Figure 7 shows a face view of a strip of type wood after having been repeatedly
impressed by a die for a letter V.
Figure 8 shows said strip after having been trinimed on the two longitudinal face
edges by sawing.
In figure 9 two sections of the said strip have been removed by cross sawing, leaving
the detached sections ready for printing.
Figure 10 is a face view of a strip of wood having its face impressed by a die
representing the first four letters of the alphabet.
Refering now to figure 4 (which illustrates a die for producing a gothic letter A),
b indicatos a block of metal having projecting therefrom, or formed thereon, punches c
shaped to impress the outline of the letter, and center punches c¹. Figures 1, 2 and 3
show respectively (1) a block of type wood, (2) the same impressed by the said dic,
and (3) the said block or type finished by removing the surrounding surplus stock.
This surplus stock may be removed by cutting in a pantograph machine or by any
method common to the Art.
By thus impressing the outlines, centers, and sharp angles at a single stroke of a
die, a clean sharp and finished printing outline is quickly and cheaply provided.
Figure 6 shows a modification of said invention in which not only the outline of the
letters is impressed but also a considerable portion of the surrounding face stock, a
die of the form shown in figure 5 being used, in which the projections
conform to
the depressions d¹ in said figure 6.
After having been thus impressed the block of wood is trimmed all around by
sawing on dotted lines e e¹ and thus removing the surplus stock.
In order to economize time in handling the individual type blocks, strips of wood
may be used, as in figures 7 8 and 9. When so used said strips are fed along
under the die until the desired letter is repeated throughout the entire length of the
strip, as at h in said figures 7, 8 and 9.
The surplus stock is then removed from the top and bottom of the series of letters
by sawing off a strip / h, leaving the impressed strip as in figure 8. Said strip is
then sawed transversely between the letters, as shown in part in figure 9, thus providing
a number of finished type from the single strip of wood.
Thus far the description includes a die whose face is cut to represent a single letter,
but it is perfectly practicable to produce and use dies having a series or multiple of
letters cut thereon. A block impressed by such a complex die is shown in figure 10,
the letter A having been separated from the strip by sawing and trimming around, in
the manner above described. It will be noted that in all the operations described a
considerable margin of surplus stock is left around the letter when the act of
impressing is performed. It has not been found practical to press back from the
surface all the stock surrounding the printing face, for the reason that when the die
extends to the edge of the block the wood is more liable to break out and spalt off,
and so spoil the type, but by allowing a margin of un-disturbed wood on ali sides,
and subsequently removing the same by cutting or sawing, as describǝd, perfect type
may be rapidly and cheaply produced.

page_text: A communication from abroad by GEORGE CASE SETCHELL of Norwich, New
London, County and State of Connecticut, U.S.A., Manufacturer.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S. M.I.M.E. of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street Manchester, both in
the County of Lancaster, and 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:
The immediate objects of this Invention are to produce a more perfect wood type
than has been commonly used heretofore, and also to so improve the methods by
which such type are made that they may be very cheaply and rapidly produced.
Wood types have been most commonly produced heretofore by means of so called
"pantograph machines," having swiftly revolving cutters which shape the type on
end-wood blocks by cutting away the surplus wood to a considerable depth below the
printing surface, said cutters being controlled and guided by corresponding travellers
or pointers which follow enlarged patterns of the desired letters. This action pro-
duces a perfect fac-simile, or an enlarged or reduced counterpart of said pattern, as
desired.
Such a method, although commonly practised, is objectionable for the reason that
type so produced must be trimmed and finished by hand, in all the acute angular
portions which the revolving cutters cannot reach. Such hand work adds to the
construction a considerable cost which is avoided in the present invention.
In producing type by this new method, blocks or strips of prepared end-wood are used,
preferably somewhat larger than the finished type. By means of suitable impression
dies, portions of the face of such blocks, conforming to the outlines and centres of
the desired letters are pressed back a sixteenth of an inch or thereabouts.
The remaining surplus stock on the surface is then removed, either by cutting in
a pantograph machine or by sawing, the said method and certain modifications of the
same being fully described, hereinafter. The said invention is illustrated in the two
sheets of drawings filed with provisional specification, in which Figure 1 is a per-
spective view of a block of end wood, ready for the impression die.
Figure 2 is a similar view of the same after having been impressed by an outlining
die, and
Figure 3 the same with surplus stock removed from the printing face, leaving the
type ready for use.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of an impression die for producing the type illustrated
in Figures 2 and 3.

page_text: Figure shows face and edge views of a die for producing a letter W and
Figure 6, a type block impressed by said die.
Figure 7 shows a face view of a strip of type wood after having been repeatedly
impressed by a die for a letter V.
Figure 8 shows said strip after having been trimmed on the two longitudinal face
edges by sawing.
In Figure 9 two sections of the said strip have been removed by cross sawing, leaving
the detached sections ready for printing.
Figure 10 is a face view of a strip of wood having its face impressed by a die
representing the first four letters of the alphabet.
Referring now to Figure 4 (which illustrates a die for producing a gothic letter A),
b indicates a block of metal having projecting therefrom, or formed thereon, punches c
shaped to impress the outline of the letter, and centre punches c'. Figures 1, 2 and 3
show respectively (1) a block of type wood, (2) the same impressed by the said dic,
and (3) the said block or type finished by removing the surrounding surplus stock.
This surplus stock may be removed by cutting in a pantograph machine or by any
method common to the art.
By thus impressing, the outlines, centres, and sharp angles at a single stroke of a
die, a clean, sharp and finished printing outline is quickly and cheaply provided.
Figure 6 shows a modification of said invention in which not only the outline of the
letters is impressed, but also a considerable portion of the surrounding face stock, a
die of the form shown in Figure 5 being used, in which the projections & conform to
the depressions d in said Figure 6.
After having been thus impressed, the block of wood is trimmed all around by
sawing on dotted lines e e¹ and thus removing the surplus stock.
In order to economize time in handling the individual type blocks, strips of wood
may be used, as in Figures 7, 8 and 9. When so used said strips are fed along under
the die until the desired letter is repeated throughout the entire length of the strip,
as at h in said Figures 7, 8 and 9.
The surplus stock is then removed from the top and bottom of the series of letters
by sawing off a strip leaving the impressed strip as in Figure 8. Said strip is
then sawn transversely between the letters as shown in part in Figure 9, thus pro-
viding a number of finished type from the single strip of wood.
Thus far the description includes a die whose face is cut to represent a single letter,
but it is perfectly practicable to produce and use dies having a series or multiple of
'letters cut thereon. A block impressed by such a complex dio is shown in Figure 10,
the letter A having been separated from the strip by sawing and trimming around,
in the manner above described. It will be noted that in all the operations described,
a considerable margin of surplus stock is left around the letter when the act of
impressing is performed. It has not been found practical to press back from the
surface all the stock surrounding the printing face, for the reason that when the die
extends to the edge of the block, the wood is more liable to break out and spalt off,
and so spoil the type, but by allowing a margin of un-disturbed wood on all sides, and
subsequently removing the same by cutting or sawing, as described, perfect type may
be rapidly and cheaply produced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A wood type having a die-outlined printing face, and a surrounding integral
portion of lesser height as herein set forth.
2. A wood type having the end wood stock immediately surrounding and within
the letter pressed back from the printing face to form the letter outline, and having
a surrounding integral portion of lesser height, substantially as described.
3. The within described method of making wood type, consisting of first pressing
back on end wood the outline and centre portions and, second, of reducing the
height of the surrounding stock by cutting back from the face, as herein described.

page_text: 4. The method of producing wood type consisting of, first, pressing back the centres
and portions of the outline of the desired letter on a block of type wood larger than
the finished type, and subsequently removing the surrounding surplus stock by sawing,
as herein set forth.
5. The method of producing wood type consisting of first, pressing back the centres
and portions of the outline of a multiple of letters on a strip of type wood; second
of removing the surplus stock on a line with the top and bottom of said letters, and,
third of separating the several letters by removing the intervening surplus, stock, as
herein described.
1
1000