Improvements in or relating to Venetian Blinds.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Oct., 1995
Complete Specification Left, 30th June, 1896-Accepted, 22nd Aug., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Venetian Blinds.
SAMUEL FLOOD, 44 High Street, Crediton, Devon, Gasfitter &c. do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
1
My invention consists naanging the Venetian blind into portions, fixing
metallic split cotter pins or the like through the tapes of the Venetian blind, with
the necessary fittings, pulleys, cords, or the like so that the Venetian blind may be
raised or lowered in lifts, oi sections
I arrange the Venetian blind to different portions, the portion or portions to bo
made where it is desuable. At the bottom of each portion-which should be at
equal distances from the top of the tape of the blind, and parallel with the width
of the lath of the blind-I fix a metallic split cotter pin oi the like though each
tapo of the Venetian blind.
It may be necessary or desirable to strengthen the tape where the metallic split
cotter pin or the like passes through, which can be done by fixing a metallic eyelet,
Oi rium, or some other suitable material of sufficient size for the metallic split cotter
pin to pass through, then the end of the cotter pin should be spread open, being
thus secuned to the tape of the Venetian blind.
In deciding the length of the metallic split cotter pin, or the like, regard must
be given to the width of the lath and the length :equed for the cotter pin to pass
through the tape, also that the end of the same may be spread open.
The weight of the portion of the blind to be raised or lowered should be taken
in consideration in deciding the stiength of cotter pin or the like that is requied
to be fixed through the tapes of the Venetian blind.
The holes must be so made in the tapes that when the metallic split cotter pins
or the like are fixed that the lines o coids in working the blind shall not be
impeded
I hx at the head-piece of the Venetian blind-for each metallic split cotter pin
or the like fixed at the bottom of the portion of the blind to be raised or lowered-
a pulley or pulley wheel, so that the wheel of the same shall be perpendicular or
thereabouts to corespond with the metallic split cotter pin, or the like fixed
though the tape at the bottom of the portion of the blind to be raised or
lowered.
1
Also there should be a double pulley or pulley with two wheels fixed at the
head-piece of the Venetian blind, to correspond horizontally to work in conjunction
with the other pulleys so that the cords or lines may be caused to hang down
where it is desirable to use the cords or lines in lower mg and raising the Venetian
blind.
A set of pulleys or pulley wheels should be provided and fixed at the head-piece
of the Venetian blind, also cords or lines with the rings and other requisite fittings
should be provided and fixed for each portion of the Venetian blind to be raised or
lowered.
When the pulleys, or wheels are required to be fixed over each other, a piece of
wood of suitable size, and thickness, properly eased for the coids or lines and for
the wheels in a workmanship like manner, should be placed between them, so that
the pulleys on wheels may be properly fixed and secuied.

page_text: When it is necessary or desirable the pulley or pulleys may be so constructed
that the wheels in the same shall be of different sizes, and above each other so that
the cords or lines shall not be impeded in passing to the respective portions of the
Veuctian blind
The pulley or pulleys must be fixed in such a manner that the cords or lines
shall not cross each other or diag or be impeded in then actions.
The holes in the woodwork and in the laths of the Venetian blind must be laige
enough for the cords on lines to have freedom in action.
There may be a set or sets of pulleys, or pulley wheels, (if desuable) fixed under
the head-piece of the Venetian blind. If it should be desirable the pulleys or
pulley wheels of the Venetian blind may be cased with wood or othei suitable
material.
I lay on the pulleys on wheels, the cords of lines passing through the woodwork
and the laths to each metallic split cotter pin, or the like fixed at the bottom of the
poition of the blind to be raised or lowered
The line or cord must be tied of fastened to the metallic split cotter pin of the
like and such fastening should be close against the inside of the tape, to cause
when the blind is being drawn up, the remaining laths of the Venetian blind to be
closed.
There may be a cord attached to the top lath of the blind, so that when the
Venetian blind is at its full length the laths may be closed.
Care must be taken that the cords, or lines, do not cross each other, or other wise
be impeded in their actions.
The coids or lines should be of suitable strength and length, regaid having being
given to the weight of the portion of the blind, also the length required to
conveniently use the coids, or lines, in raising or lowering the respective portions
of the Venetian blind.
The coids or lines that do not travel the pulleys on wheels, or do not pass the
woodwork, and winch are outside the Venetian blind, should have 1ngs fixed in
them, also the cords or Ime of the portion or portions of the blind should be
ananged in the following manner, so that by using the cords or lines in diawing
up the blind commencing with the top portion of the blind-the other cords or
lines of the blind are brought forward namely at the top of the Venetian blind
(near the headpiece) when the Venetian blind is at its full length take the curds
or lines that belong to the first portion of the blind-that is the nearest portion to
the top of the blind-tie them together with a knot and in this knot fix a metallic,
o wood ring, or the like of suitable size-having regard to the size of the cords or
lines of the blind-through this ring pass the remaining cords or lines of the
Venetian blind.
Just under the ring that is fixed in the cords or lines which belong to the first
portion of the blind, take the cords o lines that belong to the next or second
portion of the blind, tie them together with a knot and in this knot fix a metallic,
or wood mng, on the like, through the ing pass the remaining cords or lines of the
Venetian blind
Just under the ring that is fixed in the cords or lines which belong to the second
portion of the blind, take the cords or lines which belong to the next or third
portion of the blind, tie them together with a knot and in this hot fix a metallic
or wood ng on the like, through the ring pass the remaining cords or lines of the
Venetian blind.
The knots should be tied in the cords or lines so that in raising or lowering the
respective portions of the blind, the laths shall be parallel with the top of the
blind. The above method should be adopted to the cords or lines, for cach portion
of the Venetian blind that is to be raised or lowered. Red lines, or cords, may be
used for the first portion White for the second portion. Blue for the third
portion of the Venetian blind to be raised or lowered and when preferable other or
any colour hues or coids may be used.
The number of the hits or sections that may be made in raising and lowering

page_text: the Venetian blind may be less or more than herein described. A tassel with cord,
fastened to the bottom lath of the blind may be useful and ornamental.
The user in drawing up the Venetian blind, should use in the first instance, the
cords or lines which belong to the first portion of the blind (that is nearest the
top of the blind), and fasten the same to the cleat hook or holdfast, which is
generally fixed near the window, then the cords or lines of the respective portions
should be used in rotation Care should be taken in fastening the cords or lines to
the cleat hook, or hold fast that the ing in the cords or lines of the respective
portion, or portions of the blind shall have freedom so that the cords or lines of the
next portion or portions of the blind shall not be impedel. It may be desirable to
fix a cleat hook, or holdfast, where convenient to fasten, and unfasten the cords or
lines, for each portion of the Venetian blind to be raised, or lowered.
-
Dated this 23rd day of October 1895.
Improvements in or relating
I, SAMUEL FLOOD, of 44 High Street, Crediton, in the County of Devonshire,
England, Gasfitter &c., do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
My invention relates to Venetian blinds and is intended to provide means by
which the blind may be arranged in separately operative sections, with the
necessary fittings, pulleys, cords, or the like, so that the Venetian blind may be
raised or lowered in any prearranged lifts or sections that is to say that any one
or more of said sections may be separately contracted or expanded.
The invention is illustrated in the annexed drawing in which
Fig 1 is a front view partly in section of a Venetian blind and parts relating
thereto divided into three sections as hereinafter described.
Fig 2 illustrates a modification applicable to the upper part of Fig. 1.
I aange the Venetian blind in an indefinite number of different portions, for
ustance three A B C the division or apportionment to be made wherever it is
desirable. The blind should be so divided into sections that the top and bottom
of each section are parallel to the laths d. At the bottom of each portion or
section fix or pass a metallic split cotter pin e or the like of sufficient strength
through each tape f of the Venetian blind. The tape where the metallic split
cotter pin or the like passes through must be strengthened by fixing a piece of
leather or other suitable material to the tape or a metallic im with or without
metallic washer or washers may be used for the purpose to form an eyelet g.
The metallic split cotter pine or the like must pass through easily and in such a
manner that the laths d of the blind may fall in their places without hindrance,
also so that the tape f may hang and the blind work in a proper manner.
metallic split cotter pin or the like should be spread open or turned back or
otherwise be secured to or in the tape of the Venetian blind.
The
Care should be taken that in fixing the metallic split cotter pin or the like it
does not draw the front and the back part of the tape too tightly together in an
improper manner to cause the laths to be impeded or the tape of the blind to be
obstructed.
The metallic split cotter pins or the like must be so fixed that due regard shall
be given to the cord a as heretofore passed through the laths of the Venetian blind
in order not to impede the sanie. Also due regard must be given to the cords or
lines be that shall be fixed and used in working the respective portions or sections
of the blind as heicinafter described. The following in my opinion is the best

page_text: position for the metallic split cotter pine or the like namely:-about half an inch
from the outside edge of the tape and three quarters of an inch or thereabouts
above the lath which belongs to the next portion or section of the Venetian
blind.
I fix at the head piece of the Venetian blind-for each metallic split cotter
pin or the like fixed through each tape of the blind at the bottom of the portion
or section of the blind to be raised or lowered-a pulley a¹ etc. so that the
edge of the wheel of the same on one side shall be vertically or thereabout above
the metallic split cotter pin on the like. Also for each cold a pulley such
as ab is fixed at the head piece of the Venetian blind to correspond hori
zontally to work in conjunction with the other aforesaid pulleys so that the cords
or lines a be may be caused to haug down where it is desirable to use the cords
or lines in lowering and raising the Venetian blind. Thus a set of pulleys will be
fixed at the head piece of the Venetian blind with the cords or lines for each
portion or section of the Venetian blind to be raised or lowered.
The pulley or pulleys may be constructed and fitted in the following manner :-
I take a block of wood which must be thicker than the height of the wheel
and the cord combined, also it must be of such thickness that when the wheel
or wheels are fixed in the block of wood the same shall not interfere when
fixed with the under pulley or pulleys nor with the cord or cords which travel
thereon.
I groove the bottom of the wood block having regard to the cord or cords
which travel on the under pulley or pulleys so that the cord or cords shall travel
without hindiance. Also the top of the block must be properly grooved and the
wheel or wheels fixed so that the cold or coids which tiavel on the pulley or
pulleys shall not be impeded.
In fixing the pulley or pulleys at the head piece of the Venetian blind the
position of the wheel or wheels of the same should overhang the wheel or wheels
fixed in the under pulley or pulleys so that the cords of the respective portions or
sections of the blind shall not be impeded.
If preferable the pulley or pulley's may be constructed with wheels of different
sizes the under pulley or pulleys having wheel or wheels of small size, the top
pulley or pulleys constructed with larger wheel or wheels of such size when the
pulley or pulleys are fixed that the cord or cords shall pass over and not interfere
with the cord or cords of the under pulley or pulleys.
If preferable the pulley or pulleys may be made in brass or other suitable
material. There may be a set or sets of pulleys fixed under the head piece of the
Venetian blind.
Fig. 2 shows the construction when the pulleys are fixed under the head piece
of the blind In all cases there is pieferably one set of pulley wheels in the head
piece itself in the usual manner as shown and the additional pulleys are either
above it as in Fig. 1 or below it as in Fig. 2 or some above and some below as will
be easily understood by comparing the two figures.
The holes in the laths and other paits of the blind must be large enough for
the cords or lines of the respective portions or sections of the blind to have
freedom whilst in action, and for the laths to fall in the places in a proper
manner.
The size of the hole in the lath for two or three cords of number three size
cord must be about three eighths of an inch wide by one inch long or thereabouts,
when preferable or necessary the size of the hole in the lath may be made largei
When more cords or larger size coids are used the size hole in the laths and other
parts of the blind must be proportionately increased
I attach the ordinary draw up a a to the bottom lath of the Venetian blind in
the usual manner and I connect to each metallic split cotter pin or the like fixed
at the bottom of the portion on section of the blind to be raised or lowered one
of the other cords or lines be which must be tied or fastened to the metallic split
cotter pin or the like and such fastening should be close against the inside of the

page_text: tape to cause when the blind is being drawn up the remaining laths of the Venetian
blind to be closed. When necessary or preferable the knot cord or fastening to
the metallic split cotter pin or the like may be sewn or otherwise fastened to
present the knot slipping. Also if desirable or preferable such fastening may
be secured to the tape of the blind to prevent the cold going over to the other
side of the tape of the blind.
Care must be taken that the cords or lines abc do not cross each other or
otherwise be impeded in their play or action. The cords or lines should be of
proper strength and suitable length, regard having been given to the weight of
the blind, also the length requned to conveniently use the cord or lines in raising
o1 lowering the respective portions of sections of the Venetian blind.
The head piece and the pulleys fixed thereto may be partly or wholly encased
with wood or other suitable material.
The parts of the cords oi lines a b c that do not pass through the head piece and
which nie outside the Venetian blind if preferable may have rings a³ ³ ³ fixed in
them and be arranged so that by using the cords or lines in drawing up the blind
commencing with the topmost portion of the blind the other cords or lines of the
blind are brought forward, namely at the top of the Venetian blind (near the
head piece) when the Venetian blind is at its full length take the colds or lines c
that belong to the topmost portion C of the blind, tie them together with a knot
and m this knot fix a metallic or wood ng c³ or the like of suitable size having
iegaid to the size of the coids or lines and the number of the same which belong
to the Venetian blind, though this ing pass the remaining or other cords or
lines ba of the Venetian blind. Just under the ring that is fixed in the cords
oi lincs which belong to the topmost portion or section C of the blind take the
cords of lines that belong to the next or second portion or section B of the blind,
tie them together with a knot and in this knot fix a metallic or wood ring or the
like, through the ring 3 pass the remaining or other cords or lines a of the
Venetian blind. Just under the ring that is fixed in the cords o lines which
helong to the second portion or section B of the blind take the cords or lines a
which belong to the next or thd portion or section A of the blind, tie them
together with a kuot and in this knot fix a metallic or wood ring on the like a³
through the ing pass the (if any) remaining or other cords or lines of the Venetiau
blind and treat them in the same manner. The size of the ring a³ ³ ca
as above mentioned for the cords of number three size for two or three
portions or sections of the blind must be about three quarters of an inch in the
clear. When preferable the size of the ring may be larger. When more cords or
coids of larger size are used the size of the 1ing must be proportionately
increased. The knot or knots must be tied in the cords or hues of each portion
or section of the Venetian blind so that in using the cords or lines in raising or
lowering the respective portions or sections of the blind, the laths shall be
and remain parallel with the top lath 01 head piece of the blind. When
the above method is adopted the user in diawing up the Venetian blind
should use in the first instance the cords or lines which belong to the first or
topmost portion or section C of the blind and fasten the same in any way to the
cleat hook or holdfast which is generally fixed near the window, then the colds or
lines of the next portion or section B should be diawn further and similarly
secured, then the next section A is diawn up by use of cords a which may be also
similaily secured. Care must be taken in fastening the cords or lines to the cleat
hook on hold fast that the ring in the cords or lines of the respective portions or
sections of the blind shall have freedom so that the cords or lines of the next
portion or portions or section or sections shall not be impeded.
To distinguish between the different cords or lines of the respective portions or
sections of the Venetian blind I adopt the following method, namely:-Red Lines
or coids to be used for the fist or topmost portion or section C. White for the
second portion of section B. Blue for the third portion or section A of the Venetian
blind to be raised or lon ci ed.

page_text: When preferable or desuable lines or cords of other or any colour may be used.
The number of the portions lifts or sections that may be made in raising or
lowering the Venetian blind may be less or more than herein described.
The cords or lines of the respective portions or sections of the blind should be
used with care so that all the coids or lines are brought forward together and
fastened when desuable or necessary to the clent hook or hold fast generally fixed
near the window or it may be desirable to fix a separate cleat, hook, stud or
holdfast where convenient to fasten and unfasten the cords or hues for each
portion or section of the Venetian blind to be raised or lowered.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim 15:
1. A Venetian blind divided into separately operative sections and having cross
pins inserted in the tapes at the base of each section with separate cords or pulleys
for each section substantially as described.
2. In a Venetian blind the constinction and arrangement of the pulleys for the
cords of the various sections as described.
3. In a Venetian blind the arrangement and connection of the cords of the
different sections by means of iings ab³ c cte., as described.
4. The construction of a Venetian blind with connections cords and pulleys
whereby it may be operated in sections in the manner herein described.
Dated this 30th day of June 1896.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Agents for Applicant.