AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OR BUILDING OF COPS, WHETHER OF COTTON, FLAX, SILK, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND ALSO FOR CERTAIN UTENSILS THEREUNTO CONDUCING OR BELONGING
Year: 1858

page_text: In the Matter of Letters Patent granted to JOHN FIELDEN, of Wood-
shade, near Todmorden, in the County of Lancaster, Medicine
Manufacturer.
DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
ADDY, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters Patent under
the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing
date the Sixth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-eight, did grant unto John Fielden, bis executors,
administrators, and assigns, the sole privilege to make, use, exercise, and vend
an Invention therein entitled "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OR BUILDING OF COPS, WHETHER OF COTTON, FLAX, SILK, WOOL, OR OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND ALSO FOR CERTAIN UTENSILS THEREUNTO CONDUCING OR
BELONGING," within the said United Kingdom, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, during the term of fourteen years thence next ensuing: And whereas
the said John Fielden did, in pursuance of a proviso in the said Letters
Patent contained, duly file in the Great Seal Patent Office a Specification in
writing under his hand and seal, bearing date the Fourth day of March One

page_text: thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, purporting to particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
and is to be performed: And whereas by an indenture bearing date the Nine-
teenth day of April One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, made between
the said John Fielden of the one part, and Michael Potter of the other part,
and duly registered according to the provisions of the Patent Law Amendment
Act, 1852, one undivided moiety or equal half part of and in the said Letters
Patent, and the privileges thereby granted, were assigned unto the said Michael
Potter, his executors, administrators, and assigns, for his and their own abso-
Jute use and benefit: And whereas by an indenture dated the Seventeenth day
of December One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine made between the
said John Fielden of the one part, and the said Michael Potter of the other
part, and duly registered according to the provisions of the said Statute, the
remaining undivided moiety or half part of and in the said Letters Patent and
privileges, and all other the interest of the said John Fielden of and in the
said Letters Patent and privileges were assigned unto the said Michael Potter,
bis executors, administrators, and assigns, for his and their own absolute use
and benefit: And whereas by an indenture bearing date the Twenty-third
day of January One thousand eight hundred and sixty, made between the said
Michael Potter of the one part, and me, the said Thomas Addy of the other
part, and duly registered according to the provisions of the said Statute, the
said Letters Patent and the privileges thereby granted were assigned unto me,
the said Thomas Addy, my executors, administrators, and assigns, for my and
their own absolute use and benefit: And whereas the validity of the said
Letters Patent in a Court of Law, so far as the same relates to the utensils
described in the said Specification, and to the use of the composition, cement,-
or adhesive substance described as " No. 1 Flour paste" in the said Specifi-
cation may be questioned on the ground that the said parts, as claimed, were
not a new and useful Invention, and that the mode of securing the tops or
noses of cops described in the said Specification is not of sufficient practical
utility for these reasons I am desirous of entering the Disclaimer and
Memorandum of Alteration herein-after contained.
;
NOW KNOW YE, THEREFORE, that I, the said Thomas Addy, do hereby
disclaim so much of the title of the said Invention comprised in the said
Letters Patent as consist of the words "and also for certain utensils thereunto
conducing or belonging," so that the title of the Invention to be henceforth
comprised in the said Letters Patent may and shall be in these words :—" An
Improvement or Improvements in the Construction or Building of Cops,
whether of Cotton, Flax, Silk, Wool, or other. Fibrous Materials." And I do

page_text: further disclaim all so much and such parts of the said Specification, so filed
as aforesaid, as claims the use of the paste, composition, or cement therein
mentioned as "No. 1 flour paste," and also so much and such, parts of the
said Specification, as describes and claims the utensils therein mentioned as
being parts of the Invention comprised in the said Letters Patent. And I
also disclaim all parts of the descriptions and claims contained in the said
Specification so filed as aforesaid which are.not contained in the description of
the Invention to be henceforth, comprised in the said Letters Patent, as the
same is herein-after altered and set forth. And by and with the leave afore-
said, and for the purpose of shewing more clearly the effect of the Disclaimer
and Alteration intended to be hereby made, I alter the description and claims
of Invention contained in the said Specification, so that the same shall hence-
forth be in the words, letters, and figures following (that is to say):
"
-
"My Invention consists in a new mode of securing the bottoms or founda
tions of cops during the operation of winding the yarn on the spindle, in
"order to reduce or obviate the quantity of waste beretofore made in the
process of winding, weaving, or reeling. The ordinary mode of accomplishing
"this purpose is by using tubes of tin-plate and paper, as also steel tubes and
"tubes of gutta percha.. The mode of using these tubes is to place them on
"the bare spindles previous to commencing a set of cops in the mule, and on
"them the cop bottoms are commenced or formed. These appliances, how-
<< ever, only obviate the waste in an imperfect manner, besides which they
"are at the same time troublesome and expensive in the application. My
"mode of securing the bottoms of cops is at once simple, effectual, and
"economical. When a fresh set of cops is to be commenced after one, two,
or three or more layers of the yarn or thread have been wound on the bare
"spindles in the ordinary way, I apply to the yarn thus wound on to the
"
spindles a small quantity of one of the compositions, cements, or adhesive
"substances herein-after described, sufficient to cement the yarn together.so.
" as to form tubes. On theso tubes the cop bottoms are built, after which
"the formation of the cops is continued and completed in the usual manner.
"I now proceed to give the necessary instructions for making or com
pounding the various pastes, compositions, or cements.
66
"No. 1 composition.-Take of good wheaten flour ten or eleven ounces;-
"and of water four quarts; mix together, and apply heat till it is about
boiling hot, stirring all the while.
"
"To one gallon of this paste add from a quarter to half an ounce of hard
"or soft soap, or the same weight of oil or grease. This composition, whilst
it secures the cop bottoms in an efficient matiner, does not. prevent its

page_text: "unwinding when required, as in that case it flies off the yarn in a fine
powder or dust, and at the same time the tube formed does not adhere to
the spindle.
44
"
"No. 2. Take four pounds of potatoes, work them to a pulp by means of
a grater, add two quarts of water, and boil gently. Note.-As potatoes
vary in quality in the same manner as grain, the quantity of water to be
"used must be varied accordingly.
48
"No. 3.-Take of starch, gum, British gum, or dextrine, six or eight ounces,
"and of water four quarts, apply a gentle heat, to this may be added a small
quantity of whiting or china clay to give the necessary consistence to the
*
" yarn."
"
"
"No. 4. Take of glue four or six ounces, and of water four quarts, apply
gentle heat until the glue is dissolved, then add as much whiting or china
clay as will give the necessary consistence for applying to the yarn; the
quantity of water to be used will depend upon the strength of the glue,
"which is very variable.
"
"No. 5.-Dissolve silicate of potash or silicate of soda in water at a boiling
"heat, and regulate the compound until the silicate forms about ten to fifteen
per cent of the whole, then add as much whiting or china clay as will give
"it the proper consistence for applying to the yarn.
16
"The utensils herein-after described may be conveniently used in applying
"the composition or cement to the yarn, the construction and use of which
"will be understood from the accompanying Drawings, in which the same
"letters of reference indicate the same parts.
46
46
Figure 1 a view of the box.or receptacle for holding the composition or
"cement as seen from above; Figure 2 another view with the lid raised
"to shew the interior; Figure 3 a section of the box through the line x, y;
Figure 1 shewing also a section of the brush to be hereafter described.
When in use this box is usually attached to the front of the mule carriage by
means of two tangs which enter two loops formed of strips of metal, by means
of which contrivance it can be removed to be filled and replaced with greater
"facility. A, A, a quantity of the composition or cement at the bottom of
"the box; B, B, a scraper which is formed of a strip of metal extending
"lengthwise of the box; C, C, another scraper formed by the upper edge of
"
"
the front of the box. The use of these scrapers is to adjust the quantity
"of cement taken up by the brush, which is done by applying one side of.
"the brush to one of the scrapers, and the other side to the other; D; D, a
"strip of metal attached to the lower side of the lid for retaining the brush.
when not in use; Figure 6 a front view of the brush; Figure 7 a view of:

page_text: the under side of the brush, it being shewn as inverted; and Figure 8 an end
view of the same. A back view shewing the brush in actual use is shewn in
Figure 4. a, a, the bristles which are surrounded by the guard b, b, which
restrains the bristles from diverging too much, this guard is made of any
metal which will not rust or corrode, or wood which will bear exposure to
moisture; C, C, a guide fixed under the brush, the use of which is two-fold,
first to regulate the position of the brush to a proper height, and second to
regulate the pressure of the bristles on the yarn wound on the spindles; for
this purpose the lower side of the guide slides along the upper surface of the
bolster plate, and the front edge of the guide slides just so as to touch the
spindles. d, d, the handle fixed to the back of the brush. Figure 4 shows
the mode of using the brush in order to apply the composition or cement;
e, e, a portion of the bolster plate; f,f,f,f, &c., the upper parts or blades of
a number of the spindles on which are wound the layers of yarn or thread;
9, 9, 9, 9, &c., (see also Figure 7, in which the layers of yarn and spindles
are shewn in section.) The operative having dipped the brush into the com-
position or cement adjusts the quantity by striking it alternately against the
two scrapers B and C, he then applies the brush to the layers of yarn as shewn
in the Figure, and passes it along as the carriage is drawing out the spindles,
being consequently in motion when the composition or cement in the brush
is exhausted, the operative supplies it again with a fresh quantity from the
box, and at the next draws out of the carriage cements the remainder of the
layers of yarn for a further portion of the remainder, as the case may require,
and so on till the whole are cemented,) after which the operation of spinning
proceeds in the ordinary way; instead of a brush composed of bristles, as
shewn in the Figures, a sponge (or piece or pieces of sponge) may be used, as
also stout woollen cloth in folds, the edges being presented to the layers of
yarn, or a hollow box containing the composition or cement may be used,
from which it is forced by pressure through a tissue, and so applied to the
layers of yarn. In Figure 8 under the guide c, c, (as there shown will be seen
a small projection, the use of which is to slide along the front side of the
bolster plate e, e, and so obviate the necessity of the front edge of the guide
touching the spindles as they are revolving, which may in some cases be
objectionable.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed; I hereby declare that I do not claim any
of the utensils or apparatus herein described or mentioned as capable of
being used in applying the said compositions or cements, and that what I claim
as new, and my Invention is, the application or adaptation of the several com-

page_text: positions or cements herein-before particularly mentioned to the purpose of
securing the bottoms of cops as herein set forth and described, and I, the said
Thomas Addy, do further declare that the above written Disclaimer and
Memorandum of Alteration are not, nor is either of them, nor is any part
thereof, respectively intended to extend the exclusive right granted by the
said Letters Patent, and that these Presents shall not extend the said exclusive
right in any way whatsoever.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Addy, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of July, One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-five.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
above-named Thomas Addy in the
presence of.
THOMAS ADDY. (L.S.)..
To the Commissioners of Patents for Inventions.
I hereby grant my fiat, giving leave to the above-named Thomas Addy,
Assignee of the said Letters Patent, to file in the Great Seal Patent Office,
with the Specification to which the same relates, the above-written Disclaimer
and Memorandum of Alteration.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Fielden, of Woodshade, near Todmorden, in the
County of Lancaster, Medicine Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OR BUILDING OF COPS,
WHETHER OF COTTON, FLAX, SILK, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND
39
Sealed the 1st March 1859, and dated the 6th September 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Fielden at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th September 1858.
I, JOHN FIELDEN, of Woodshade, near Todmorden, in the County of Lan-
caster, Medicine Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OR
BUILDING OF COPS, WHETHER OF COTTON, FLAX, SILK, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS; AND ALSO FOR CERTAIN UTENSILS THEREUNTO CONDUCING OR BELONGING,"
to be as follows:-
It consists in a new mode of securing the bottoms of cops, so as to obviate
or reduce the waste heretofore inevitably made in the process of reeling or
winding cops, or in the process of weaving the same in the loom. I first of
all, in the process of spinning in the mule (or other machine of a similar con-
struction), run or wind on to the spindles one, two, three, or more layers of the
yarn or thread. This being done, I apply to it a certain composition or cement
by which the threads or yarn so laid on the spindles are sufficiently cemented
together, so as not to fall off or rove or make waste during the subsequent
processes of reeling, winding, or weaving.
Another part of my Invention consists in the application of a brush mounted
or arranged so as to be moved accurately along the spindles for the purpose of

page_text: applying the composition or cement, and also in the application of a box or
receptacle in the which the composition or cement is to be kept or retained
during the process of application. The upper edges of the sides of this box
(or the cover of it) form scrapers, to which the operative applies the brush
after he has dipped it in the composition or cement, so as to remove the surplus
quantity thereof, in order that the brush may only retain the proper quantity
to be applied to the threads or yarn.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Fielden in the Great Scal Patent Office on the
5th March 1859.
:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
FIELDEN, of Woodshade, near Todmorden, in the County of Lancaster,
Medicine Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Fielden, Her special license that I, the said John Fielden;
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Fielden, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OR BUILDING OF COPS WHETHER OF COTTON,
FLAX, SILK, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND ALSO FOR CERTAIN UTENSILS
THEREUNTO CONDUCING OR BELONGING," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said John Fielden, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Fielden, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
and the accompanying Drawing (that is to say) :-

page_text: My Invention consists, first, in a new mode of securing the bottoms or
foundations of cops during the operation of winding the yarn on the spindle in
order to reduce or obviate the quantity of waste heretofore made in the process
of winding, weaving, or reeling. The ordinary mode of accomplishing this
purpose is by using tubes of tin plate and paper, as also steel tubes and tubes
of gutta percha. The mode of using these tubes is to place them on the bare
spindles previous to commencing a set of cops in the mule, and on them the
cop bottoms are commenced or formed. These appliances, however, only
obviate the waste in an imperfect manner, besides which they are at the same
time troublesom and expensive in the application. My mode of securing the
bottoms of cops is at once simple, effectual, and economical. When a fresh
set of cops is to be commenced after one, two, or three, or more layers of the
yarn or thread have been wound on to the bare spindles in the ordinary way,
I apply to the yarn thus wound on to the spindles a small quantity of a com-
position, cement, or adhesive substance, sufficient to cement the yarn together,
so as to form tubes; on these tubes the cop bottoms are built, after which the
formation of the cops is continued and completed in the usual manner. For
the composition or cement a variety of adhesive substances may be used, but
are not all equally eligible as far as regards efficiency and economy. I
enumerate flour made from wheat, barley, or other grains capable of affording.
starch; also starch made from grain, potatoes, or other roots; also British gum
or dextrine, also weak glue, size thickened with some insoluble substance, such
as whiting, China clay, &c.; also silicate of potash and silicate of soda; but
whichever of these substances are used, water is always an essential ingredient
in the composition. I now proceed to give, as far as practicable, the necessary
instructions for making or compounding the various pastes, compositions, or
cements.
No. 1. Flour Paste.-Take of good wheaten flour ten or eleven ounces, and
of water four quarts, mix together and apply heat till it is about boiling hot,
stirring all the while. It is then poured into suitable vessels for use, and may
be used warm or cold. I would here remark that it is impossible to give
accurately the proper quantity of water to be used to a given quantity of flour
which will be proper in all cases, as that will depend upon the quality of the
grain from which the flour is made. If flour from other grain is used, the
quantity of water must be varied according to the amount of adhesiveness:
contained in it.
;
No. 2. To one gallon of the above paste or composition, add ounce to
ounce of hard or soft soap, or the same weight of oil or grease. I prefer this
composition to the former, as whilst it secures the cop. bottom in an efficient

page_text: manner, it does not prevent its unwinding when required, as in that case it
flies off the yarn in a fine powder or dust, and at the same time the tube
formed does not adhere to the spindle as is sometimes the case when the
composition No. 1 is used.
No. 3. Take four pounds of potatoes, work them to a pulp by means of a
grater, add two quarts of water, and boil gently. Note.-As potatoes vary in
quality in the same manner as grain the quantity of water to be used must
must be varied accordingly.
No. 4. Take of starch, gum, British gum, or dextrine, six or eight ounces,
and of water four quarts, apply a gentle heat; to this may be added a small
quantity of whiting or China clay to give the necessary consistence for applying
to the yarn.
No. 5. Take of glue four to six ounces, and of water four quarts, apply
gentle heat until the glue is dissolved, then add as much whiting or China clay
as will give the necessary consistence for applying to the yarn. The quantity
of water to be used will depend upon the strength of the glue, which is very
variable.
No. 6. Dissolve silicate of potash or silicate of soda in water at a boiling
heat, and regulate the compound until the silicate forms about ten to fifteen.
per cent. of the whole, then add as much whiting or China clay as will give it
the proper consistence for applying to the yarn. Receipts for making other
compositions might be added to the above list, but these here given will be
sufficient to enable any person acquainted with the subject, and of ordinary
intelligence, to practise this part of my Invention.
The second part of my Invention relates to the utensils to be used in
applying the composition or cement to the yarn, the construction and use of
which will be understood from the accompanying Drawing, in which the same.
letters of reference indicate the same parts. Fig. 1, a view of the box or
receptacle for holding the composition or cement, as seen from above; Fig. 2,1
another view, with the lid raised to shew the interior; Fig. 3, a section of the
box through the line x-y, Fig. 1, shewing also a section of the brush to
be hereafter described. When in use, this box is usually attached to the
front of the mule carriage by means of two tangs, which enter into two loops
formed of strips of metal, by means of which contrivance it can be removed,
to be filled and replaced with great facility. A, A, a quantity of the com-
position or cement at the bottom of the box; B, B, a scraper, which is formed
of a strip of metal extending lengthwise of the box; C, C, another scraper,
formed by the upper edge of the front of the box. The use of these scrapers
is to adjust the quantity of cement taken up by the brush, which is done by.

page_text: e, e, a'
applying one side of the brush to one of the scrapers, and the other side to the
other. D, D, a strip of metal attached to the lower side of the lid for retaining
the brush when not in use.. Fig. 6, a front view of the brush; Fig. 7, a view:
of the under side of the brush, it being shewn as inverted; and Fig. 8, an end
view of the same. A back view, shewing the brush in actual use, is shewn
in Fig. 4. a, a, the bristles, which are surrounded by the guard b, b, which
restrains the bristles from diverging too much; this guard is made of any;
metal which will not rust or corrode, or wood which will bear exposure to
moisture. c, c, a guide fixed under the brush, the use of which is twofold;
first, to regulate the position of the brush to a proper height, and, second, to
regulate the pressure of the bristles on the yarn wound on to the spindles."
For this purpose the lower side of the guide slides along the upper surface of
the bolster plate, and the front edge of the guide slides just so as to touch the
spindles. d, d, the handle fixed to the back of the brush. Fig. 4 shews the
mode of using the brush in order to apply the composition or cement.
portion of the bolster plate; ffff, &c., the upper parts or blades of a number:
of the spindles, on which are wound the layers of yarn or thread 9, 9, 9, 9, &c.
(See also Fig. 7, in which the layers of yarn and spindles are shewn in section.)
The operative having dipped the brush into the composition or cement adjusts'
the quantity by striking it alternately against the two scrapers B and C; he
then applies the brush to the layers of yarn, as shewn in the Figure, and
passes it along as the carriage is drawing out, the spindles being consequently
in motion. When the composition or cement in the brush is exhausted, the
operative supplies it again with a fresh quantity from the box, and at the next
draw out of the carriage cements the remainder of the layers of yarn (or a
further portion of the remainder, as the case may require, and so on till the
whole are cemented,) after which the operation of spinning proceeds in the
ordinary way. Instead of a brush composed of bristles, as shown in the
Figures, a sponge (or piece or pieces of sponge) may be used, as also stout
woollen cloth in folds, the edges being presented to the layers of yarn, or a
hollow box containing the composition or cement may be used, from which it
is forced by pressure through a tissue, and so applied to the layers of yarn.
It must be remarked that the distinctive feature or essential peculiarity of this
part of my Invention consists in the combination of the bristles a, a, or sub-
stitute or substitutes for the same, with the guide c, c. In Fig. 8, under the:
guide c, c, (as there shewn,) will be seen a small projection, the use of which is
to slide along the front side of the bolster plate e, e; and so obviate the necessity
of the front edge of the guide touching the spindles as they are revolving,
which may in some cases be objectionable.

page_text: Another part of my "Improvements in the Construction or Building of Cops'
is shewn in Fig. 5. This consists in securing the noses of cops in a similar
manner to that already described for the bottoms.. When a set of cops is
nearly completed, as shewn in the Figure, I apply the composition or
cement to the noses, as betwixt the dotted lines h, h, and i, i, in the same
manner, as already described for the bottoms; after which a few more layers of
yarn are wound on the noses, and the operation is complete. This improve-
ment is peculiarly applicable to cops which are intended for packing.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that what I claim as new
and of my Invention is as follows:
First. I claim the aplication and adaptation of a composition or cement to
the purpose of securing the bottoms of cops, as herein set forth, and described.
Second. I claim severally the applications and adaptations of the various
compositions or cements marked Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, to securing the tops
and bottoms of cops, and herein described..
Third. I claim the application and adaptation of the box or receptacle for
holding the composition or cement shewn in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, and herein
described.
Fourth. I claim the application and adaptation of the brush shewn in Figs.
3, 4, 6, 7, and 8, (with the substitute or substitutes for the bristles,) in com-
bination with the guides c, c, as herein described.
Fifth. I claim the application and adaptation of a composition or cement to
the purpose of securing the noses of cops, as shewn in Fig. 5, and herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Fielden, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the this Fourth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Signed by the within-named John Fielden,
in the presence of
JOHN POTTER, C.E.,
9, Corporation Street,
Manchester.
JOHN FIELDEN.
(L.S.)