SQUIBS, FUSES, AND MATCHES FOR MINING AND BLASTING PURPOSES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Harries Daddow, of St. Clair, Schuyl-
kill County, State of Pennsylvania, United States of America,
for the Invention of "SQUIBS, FUSES, AND MATCHES FOR MINING AND
BLASTING PURPOSES."
Sealed the 26th June 1874, and dated the 2nd May 1874.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Samuel Harries Daddow
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition
and Declaration, on the 2nd May 1874, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
HARRIES DADDOW, of St. Clair, Schuylkill County, State of Penn-
sylvania, United States of America, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "SQUIBS, FUSES,
AND MATCHES, FOR MINING AND BLASTING PURPOSES," and have petitioned
Her Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn
Declaration that I am the first and true Inventor thereof.

page_text: the ribbon, of which the tube is made in any convenient manner; F¹ is
a covering of one or more ribbons folded spirally around the centre
tube; is a string or thread of cotton, or other suitable material,
used for the purpose of increasing the strength of the tube and securing
the powder more firmly. Passing through the core C¹ is the string H,
coated with mealed powder, or any other suitable combustible, and
inserted in the tube C in connection with the powder C₁ for the purpose
of quick and certain ignition, and to communicate fire with greater
certainty to the cartridge. The interior diameter of the tube C is
greater and contains more powder than the ordinary blasting fuses, and
unlike the latter is not designed to burn. To secure this end the tube
or fuse C is coated with a composition of soluble glass or other suitable
non-combustible waterproof adhesive material, which prevents the tube
from burning or smouldering, either before or after the discharge of
the blast. The soluble glass here used has a triple purpose, to wit, it
is the adhesive agent, the water-proofing, and the fire-proofing.
In Figures 5, 6, and 7, a is the match; 6 is the choke; c, the tube;
and d, the bursting or igniting charge and the stropper to keep the
charge in the tube.
The tube c is made of any suitable material, and in practise I make
the stronger and better class of my squibs of any ductile sheet metal,
and those less strong and cheaper of paper, which is varnished with
soluble glass or painted with any other fire-proof material. One end
of the tube c is contracted, so as to form a comparatively small vent to
act as a choke and add force to the movements of the squib on the
principle of the rocket.
The match a is made of paper or any other suitable material, and
coated with sulphur, paraffine, wax, or any other inflammable water-
proof combustible.
The cavity in the match is of increasing diameter, so as to provide
for its attachment to squibs of different sizes and render its attach-
ment by reason of friction secure. It may be put in separate packages
as an article of manufacture, and sold, to be used with any squib or
fuse.
The match is rigid, and will not drop or melt rapidly before the flame.

page_text: position in which it is set. If bent down it will burn rapidly, if bent
up, very slowly; and if straight it will burn a medium length of time.
In operation, when the powder is ignited by the match burning down
to it it burns with great force through the choke and forces the tube,
like a rocket, into the cartridge, in which it delivers its fire through d,
or explodes in the heart of the cartridge; whether charged with gun-
powder, dualin, dynamite, or other blasting compound.
In Figure 8 I have shown the match permanently attached to the
squib, a being the match and c the tube.
The tube is preferably an imitation of straw, drawn from sheet brass
or other ductile metal, or made of paper, or other suitable material.
One end 6 of the squib tube is fitted with a match a, or may be
saturated with a solution of nitre, liquid sulphur, or other inflammable
material, to form a match.
The tube may be made incombustible, as above described.
In Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12, A is the squib tube, made of paper, or
metal, or other suitable material, in the form and imitation of a straw; bis
the choke; and o the stopper or igniting composition; a is the match;
d, the powder or charge; and i, i, shells or balls of explosive com-
position. This squib may be used as a "primer" squib, to shoot the
fire like a gun or cannon primers; or like a straw" or rocket squib,
to carry the fire by simply reversing the ends.
"
When used as a "primer" the match a is put on the end b, and the
choke contracted; and it may be charged with a
"shell " or ball i of
explosive matter, to explode deep charges in blasting, or dualin, or
other blasting compounds.
The tube may be made flat, and keyed in the needle hole or blasting
barrel. The key or wedge then answers for the choke, to keep them
from shooting the fire outward or in the wrong direction. When used
as a "straw" or rocket these squibs are reversed, the end 6 is inward,
and sealed; and the match a is fixed on at c. In this case the stopper c
is made of inflammable matter for ignition instead of wax or soap, as in
the primer squib. The end 6 when made of paper is broken or cut off;
when made of metal the vent is simply enlarged.
:
When used as "primer" squibs the match may be inserted in as well
as attached on the end of the squib. They may be charged partially

page_text: with powder of different composition, so as to throw fire with greater
force; or small pellets of combustible composition, which carry fire a
greater, distance and burn longer than powder, or charged with a small
shell, which bursts in the cartridge when dualin, nitro-glycerine, or
other blasting compound is used that requires concussion for proper
ignition.
In Figures 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18, I have shown the match
composed of a paper tube A. This may have several strands a of slow
match inserted in it, or be dipped in a solution of nitre, sulphur,
paraffine, or other combustible material; or one end may be coated with
a friction compound, or it may have a piece of wire d inserted in it,
together with prepared cotton or other inflammable material.
In each case a portion of the hollow tube is left open for the
insertion of the squib or fuse, and it may be flattened to receive a flat
squib.
When a slow match a is used that portion of the tube containing the
same is twisted, and to obtain a variation in the time of burning this
portion is either untwisted or twisted tighter at the time of use at pleasure.
When the wire d is used the match may be fastened to the squib
thereby, and the flame elevated or depressed as required.
Having thus fully described my Invention, what I claim as new, and
desire to secure by Letters Patent is,―
1st. A fuse tube, constructed of paper or other suitable material
and immersed or coated with soluble glass, rendering it fire and water-
proof, substantially as herein set forth.
2nd. An adjustable match, adapted to be combined with or attached
to a mining squib, as set forth.
3rd. A mining squib, having one end contracted to form a vent and
act as a choke, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
4th. A squib with a match permanently attached thereto, sub-
stantially as herein set forth.
5th. An artificial straw squib, capable of being reversed and used
either as a rocket or primer squib, substantially as herein set forth.
6th. A miners squib charged with explosive shells, pellets, or balls,
for the purposes herein set forth.

page_text: 7th. A hollow match, having one end open for the insertion of the
squib or fuse, and provided with a slow match and wire, or their
equivalents, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of February, in the year of our 5
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, at New
York, in the State of New York, United States of America.
Witnesses,
CLARENCE A. BLAKE.
FRANCIS S. HOYT.
SAMUEL HARRIES DADDOW. (L.S.)