NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR The ManufactuRE OF TAPS OR STOP-COCKS, AND FITTINGS FOR GAS, STEAM, AND WATER PIPES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Breeden, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "NEW OR IMPROVED
MACHINERY FOR The ManufactuRE OF TAPS OR STOP-COCKS, AND FITTINGS FOR
GAS, STEAM, AND WATER PIPES."
Sealed the 19th April 1859, and dated the 16th February 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Breeden at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th February 1859.
I, JOSEPH BREEDEN, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "NEW OR
IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TAPS OR STOP-COCKS, AND FITTINGS
FOR GAS, STEAM, AND WATER PIPES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the machinery herein-after explained for manu-
facturing taps or stop-cocks and fittings for gas, steam, and water pipes, the
said fittings being made by the same machinery as is employed for manu-
facturing the taps or stop-cocks. The said fittings include the parts known in
commerce as swing joints, universal swivel joints, union joints, bracket backs,
swing pendant tops, and others.
For convenience of description I will describe my Invention with reference

page_text: The machine I employ for making the plugs of stop-cocks consists essentially
of a lathe, in which the slide rest carrying the turning tool is geared to the
lathe axis, and worked therefrom. The drill by which the hole in the end of
the plug is drilled, and the turning tool by which the shoulder on the plug is
turned are brought up to the plug, so as to drill and turn the same by means
of a lever worked by hand. The drill and shouldering tool are situated upon
the plate which carries the slide rest.
The machine which 1 employ for squaring the end of the plug on which the
washer fits, and also for drilling the hole in which the stop-peg is inserted is
constructed as as follows:-The plug situated in a suitable holder is brought by
the action of a lever worked by hand under a rotating steel cutter, by which
the required portion is cut from the end of the plug. After passing from the
cutter the plug is brought against a rotating drill, by which a hole is drilled
in the "fan" or large end of the plug for the reception of the. stop-peg.
The machine for cutting down that part of the barrel or body of the stop-
cock in which the stop-peg works is constructed as follows:-On a slide
worked by a lever a peg is situated on which the barrel of the cock is dropped,
the said barrel being also received in a holder, and held firmly in its place by
the pressure of a lever made to bear against it. While thus fixed the barrel
is brought under a rotating cutter, by which the required portion of the barrel
is cut away.
The machine for making blanks from which screws for the plugs are to be
made is constructed as follows:-The wire to be made into blanks passes
through the hollow axis of a lathe, being urged forward by a propelling
wire and weighted cord. A guide stop determines the point to which the wire
shall advance. The wire is gripped by an apparatus actuated by a weighted
lever, and liberated by pressure of the foot upon a pedal. Or the gripping
may be done by the foot, and the liberation by the weighted lever. The
turning tool is advanced by means of a lever against the end of the rotating
wire, and turning off a portion of the said wire forms the body and head of
the screw.
A second cutter advancing, cuts off the screw blank from
the wire.
The machine for screwing screw blanks and tapping the holes in the plugs
of stop-cocks is constructed as follows: A rod having a rack at its lower
part has an alternating motion given to it by means of a cam operating upon
its top end. The rack engaging in a pinion gives thereto a rotatory motion.
On one side of the pinion is a screw plate by which the screw blanks may be
tapped, and on the other side of the pinion is a screw tap by which the holes
in the plugs are tapped.

page_text: The machine for slitting or slotting the screws or screw blanks is con-
structed as follows:-The screws or screw blanks are fixed in a row in a clamp
or holder, which is moved by a lever along a dovetail slide under a circular
saw, which, by its rotation, cuts the slits or slots in the heads of the screws or
screw blanks.
The machine for turning the washers is constructed and acts as follows:-
The washer to be turned is supported on a vertical rod, which said rod has a
sliding up-and-down motion communicated to it by a cam on the main shaft.
In the same line as the said vertical rod is a vertical rotating shaft, carrying
at its lower end a suitably formed cutter. By the operation of the cam the
rod carrying the washer is rapidly raised, and the washer brought into contact
with the rotating cutter. During the action of the cutter the washer rises
very slowly, and after the turning of the washer has been effected, the rod
carrying it descends rapidly. The motions described are effected by the
peculiar shape of the cam. The return motion of the rod carrying the washer
may be effected by a spring or weight. The washer is removed from the
holder by the action of a tongue, which I do not think it necessary here to
describe. I finish the boring of the barrel of the tap or stop-cock by means
of a borer, which is taper, and which has in cross section the figure of three
sides of a square, the fourth side being a curve, having for its centre the
middle of the square. Or the borer may have in cross section the following
form, namely, two sides of a square and a semicircle, the centre of which is
the middle of the square.
Those of the machines which have a rotatory motion similar to that of an
ordinary lathe, are worked, by preference, by steam power; and I gear and
ungear the said machines with the shafting from which motion is to be
derived by means of friction couplings on the said shafting, the said couplings
being acted upon by means of pedals pressed by the workman's foot. I prefer
so to arrange the said couplings, that by the use of three pedals the workman
can obtain both a fast and slow forward motion, and also a fast backward
motion
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Breeden in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th August 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
BREEDEN, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, send

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Joseph Breeden. Her special licence that I, the said Joseph
Breeden, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Joseph Breeden. my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "NEW
OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TAPS OR STOP-COCKS. AND
FITTINGS FOR GAS, STEAM. AND WATER PIPES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Joseph Breeden, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Paient Office within six calendar months next and
immiediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Breeden, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention consists of the machinery hercin-after explained and illus-
trated in the accompanying Drawings for manufacturing taps or stop-cocks,
and fittings for gas, steam, and water pipes, the said fittings being made by
the same machinery as is employed for manufacturing the taps or stop-cocks.
The said fittings include the parts known in commerce as swing joints,
universal swing joints, union joints, bracket backs, swing pendant tops, and
others. For convenience of description I will describe my Invention with
reference to the manufacture of taps or stop-cocks.
My new or improved machine for making the plugs of taps or stop-cocks is
represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the accompanying Drawings.
Figure represents the said machine in side elevation; Figure 2, a trans-
verse vertical section of the same taken through the line a; Figure 3; Fi-
gure 3, a plan of the same; and Figure 4, a transverse vertical section of the
same taken through the line b, Figure 3. The same letters are- employed to
indicate the same parts in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The said machine
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, consists essentially of an ordinary lathe with the

page_text: following additions and alterations:-c is the roughly formed plug to be turned
and the end thereof shouldered and drilled, which said plug is fixed in the
chuck or holder d on the lathe axis e. Motion is communicated to the axis e
by a band or strap passing over the pulleys as is well understood; g is the
slide rest of the machine carrying the turning tool h. The said rest g slides
on a dovetail on the bed of the machine, and motion in a longitudinal direc-
tion is given to the said slide rest by the screw i, upon which a portion of the
said rest works in the manner herein-after explained. Motion is transmitted
from the axis e of the machine to the screw i in the following manner:-On
the said axis e is a worm k, which gears into a worm wheel situated on the
summit of the upright shaft m. The lower end of the said shaft m carries a
bevilled toothed wheel n, which said wheel n gears into the bevilled toothed
wheel o on the horizontal shaft p, and thereby communicates a rotatory motion
to the said shaft p, and to the screw i with which the said shaft is connected.
The rest is not connected directly with the screw i, for the purpose of
effecting the horizontal sliding motion of the same, but the connection of the
said rest with the said screw is effected by a lever q fixed to the rest by a
joint r, upon which the said lever turns. The lever q is raised by a spring q..
On the under side of the said lever q is a concave rack or half screw box s.
which by pressing upon the free end of the said lever q is made to bear upon
the screw i. The said screw i engages with the said screw box s, and a hori-
zontal sliding motion is imparted to the rest by the rotation of the said screw.
When the rest g has advanced to the required extent, the workman looses
the lever q, which rises by the elasticity of the spring g', and disconnects the
screw box s from the screw i, and the slide y comes to rest. By means of the
said lever q, the slide rest can readily be connected with and disconnected
from the screw i, from which its traversing motion is derived. After the slide
rest has been disconnected from the screw, the said rest is brought into its
original position by the lever 1. The cutting or turning tool h is advanced
against the plug c, by means of the winch or handle u as in the ordinary lathe.
The distance to which the said cutting tool h can advance against the plug c,
is adjusted in the following manner-The slide rest carries a snug or small.
screw box (see Figure 4), in which a screw w works; z is a stop fixed on
the base of the slide rest, against which said stop the end of the screw w
strikes when the slide has been advanced to the required distance against the
plug to be turned, and thereby arrests the further motion of the said slide. By
turning the screw to in one or other direction, the distance to which the cutting
tool may advance can be adjusted with nicety. Although I have represented
the screw i parallel with the axis of the lathe, yet it must be understood that.

page_text: the said screw i, and parts appertaining thereto, are capable of being placed at
an angle with the axis of the lathe. The said screw and the slide rest g, turn
upon a centre situated in the axis of the wheel n, but in order to avoid con-
fusing more essential parts of the machine, I have not represented the details
of the said adjustment. The said adjustment resembles adjustments com-
monly employed for like purposes. The screw i is inclined to the axis of the
lathe at an angle equal to that of the plug to be turned. The drill by which
the hole in the end of the plug c is drilled, and the turning tool by which the
shoulder on the plug is turned, are carried by the holder y fixed to the slide z.
The drill is marked 1, and the turning tool for turning the shoulder is
marked 2. The drill 1 and cutting or turning tool 2 are brought up to the
rolating plug c by means of the lever 3 worked by hand. The drill 1 and
cutting tool 2, and parts immediately connected therewith, are shown on a
larger scale in Figure 5. After the hole in the end of the plug has been
drilled, and the shoulder marked 4 turned on the said end, and the slide z
drawn back into the position represented in the Drawing, the slide rest gis
brought into connection with the screw i; by the lever g the cutting tool h
is advanced against the plug c, and the exterior of the said plug turned to the
required dimensions. The driving band of the pulley is thrown out of gear
with the driving power, and the machine brought to rest. The finished plug
is removed from the holder d, and a fresh one substituted, when the machine
is thrown again into gear and the actions described are repeated.
My new or improved machine for squaring the end of the plug on which
the washer fits, and also for drilling the hole in the "fan end" or large part
of the plug in which the stop peg is inserted, is constructed in the manner
represented in Figures 6, 7, and 8 of the accompanying Drawings; Figure 6,
representing a plan of the said machine; Figure 7, a front elevation of the
same; and Figure 8, an end elevation of the same. The same letters indicate
the same parts in Figures 6, 7, and 8. The plug a to be operated upon is
situated in a holder b, fixed on a slide c, sliding on a dovetail d, on the base of
the machine.
The said plug is further supported during the action of the machine by a
second holder e carried by the lever f, engaging with the handle or thumb
plate of the plug; g is a steel cutter, by which the required portion is cut
from the end of the plug, the said steel cutter being fixed on the end of the
axis h. At right angles to the axis h, carrying the steel cutter g, is another
axis carrying the drill k, by which the hole is drilled in the "fan end" or
large end of the plug. The rotatory motions of the cutter g and drill k are
effected by a strap or band passing first under the pulley on the axis i of

page_text: the drill, next round the pulley m, and afterwards under the pulley on the
axis of the steel cutter g. By the action of a lever o, worked by hand and
connected with the slide c, the plug a is brought under the rotating cutter g,
and the requisite portion cut from the end of the plug. By the continued
advance of the slide c, the plug after being operated upon by the cutter g is
brought against the rotating drill k, and the hole drilled and countersunk for
the stop peg. The adjustment of the cutter is effected by the screw p working
in the screw box q on the slide r, which said slide carries the cutter g and
parts appertaining therein. The adjustment of the drill is effected by the
screws working in a screw box t, on the slide a carrying the said drill, and
parts appertaining thereto. The slides r and w, slide on a dovetail on the bed
of the machine seen at in Figure 8.
My new or improved machine for cutting down that part of the top of
the barrel or body of the tap or stop-cock in which the stop pcg works
for limiting the rotatory motion of the plug in the
structed in the manner represented in side, elevation in
of a portion of the same in Figure 10. A portion of
represented in plan (partly in section) in Figure 11.
indicate the same parts in Figures 9, 10, and 11.
said barrel, is con-
Figure 9, and plan
the said machine is
The same letters
The barrel a of the tap or stop-cock to be operated upon by the machine is
dropped upon a peg b in the centre of the block e, the said block being fixed
on the slide d. The said barrel is held firmly in its place on the peg b, by the
pressure of the lever e. The said barrel a placed upon the peg b is prevented
from rotating during the action of the machine by a forked plate be, between
the branches of which one of the necks b of the barrel engages. The said
forked plate slides in dovetails in the holder b', so as to permit of the
removal of the said plate and the substitution of others of different sizes,
according to the size of the barrel to be operated upon; is the rotatory
cutter fixed to the bottom of the rod g. The rod g carrying the cutter / passes
through and is fixed in the holder h, and by means of the set screw the said
cutter may be adjusted to the required height in the said holder. The
holder is secured to the bottom of the vertical shaft by screwing into the
screw made in the said shaft, and a rotatory motion is communicated to the
said shaft k, and through the said shaft to the cutter by a band m passing
round the pulley n fixed on the said shaft. The driving band m is guided from
the shaft, from whence it derives its motion to the pulley n, by passing round
the pullies o. The pullies n and o are shown separately in plan in Figure 11.
The slide d, which carries the barrel a, is supported on another slide p,
sliding laterally on a dovetail q on the platform 7. The platform 7 supporting

page_text: the two slides d and p is capable of a sliding motion in a vertical direction by
means of the partly screwed rod s, upon which the said platform rests, the
screwed parts of which said rod works in a concave screw in the boss i on
the bed of the machine. By turning the wheel or handle u in one or other
direction, the said screws of the rod s advances in or retires from the said
concave screw 12, and raises or lowers the platform r and slide d, carrying the
barrel a, and thereby moves the said barrel nearer to or further from the
rotating cutter f.
The platformr slides on a dovetail on the upright we of the framing of
the machine. When the barrel has been dropped upon its peg and securely
fixed in its place by the lever e and forked plate 6, the slide d carrying the
said barrel is moved upon its dovetail by means of the lever x, and passing
against the rotating cutter f the required portion is cut from the said barrel.
The lateral adjustment of the barrel is effected by the winch y. By means
of the platform r, raised and lowered by the screws, the slide d can readily
be adjusted at any distance from the cutter, for the purpose of operating
upon different sized barrels. My new or improved machine for making blanks
from which screws for the plugs of taps or stop-cocks are to be made, is
constructed in the manner represented in plan (partly in section) in Figure 12,
and side elevation in Figure 13 of the accompanying Drawings. The same
letters indicate the same parts in Figures 12 and 13. The wire a to be made
into screw blanks passes through and is supported in the hollow axis b of the
machine, to which axis à rotatory motion is communicated by a strap or
band passing over the pulley c. The said wire a is urged forward by a
propelling wire d, which carries at its end a roller e, over which said roller c
a weighted cord passes; g is a guide stop, against which the wire a is
advanced by the propelling wire d and weighted cord, and the said wire a is
held firmly or gripped during the action of the cutters or turning tools herein-
after described, in the following manner:-On the end 6 of the hollow axis b
a sliding collar h works; i is a forked lever, the fork of which works between
flanges on the collar h, the said forked lever à being connected by the link !
with the weighted lever m; n is a bent arm or tongue turning on the centre n²
on the end of the hollow axis b, the bent part 3 of the arm or tongue n is
made, by the sliding of the collar into the position represented in the
Drawing, to bear upon the wire a, and press or grip it firmly against the
rotating hollow axis . After the blank has been cut from the wire, as
herein-after explained, the said wire is released from the pressure of the arm
or tongue n, so as to enable the said wire to advance against the stop guide g,
the said releasing being effected by pressure upon a pedal connected to the lower

page_text: end of the rod o, the upper end of which said rod is connected to the weighted
lever m.
By pressure upon the said pedal the weighted lever m is slightly
raised, and the sliding collar h brought by, the motion of the forked lever i
When the sliding
into the position indicated in dotted lines in Figure 12.
collar is in the position last described, the arm or tongue n being no longer
supported by the said collar his pressed outwards by its spring p, when the
wire a is now at liberty to move and is pressed against the stop guide g by the
rod d and weighted cord f. By removing the foot from the pedal the weighted
lever m falls, and the collar his brought by the forked lever i into the position
represented in Figure 12, when the wire is again gripped by the arm or
tongue n; q is a turning tool, fixed to the slider sliding on a dovetail s on
the bed of the machine. The said turning tool q is advanced against the end
of the wire by the lever t, one branch of which is connected by the link t
to the said slide r; u is a second cutting or turning tool, fixed in the slide v
working on a dovetail won the bed of the machine; the said slide vis
connected by the link to the branch of the level t; by working the lever t,
the turning tool g is advanced against the end of the rotatory wire a, so as to
turn thereon the body and under side of the head of the screw blank. After
the body and under side of the head of the screw blank have been turned by
the tool q the lever is further moved, so as to withdraw the turning tool q
from the wire, at the same time advancing the cutting tool u against the wire.
By the operation of the cutting tool u the end of the wire is cut off at the
dotted line (Figure 12), and a screw blank thus formed. After the screw
blank has been cut off, as described, the wire a is released and urged forward
against the stop guide g, and the said wire gripped by the mechanism herein-
before described and represented in the Drawing. when the turning and cutting
tools and are advanced against the rotatory wire, and another screw blank
formed from the said wire.
My new or improved machine for screwing screw blanks for stop-cocks and
for tapping the holes in the plugs of stop-cocks is represented in side elevation
in Figure 14, in front elevation in Figure 15, and a side elevation of a portion
of the same in Figure 16 of the accompanying Drawings. The same letters,
indicate the same parts in Figures 14, 15, and 16. a is a rod, having at its
lower part a rack b. To the upper end of the said rod a a roller c is fixed, as
represented, against which said roller the cam d on the end of the shaft
carrying the fast and loose pulleys e, f, bears. The said rod a works in guides
at g and h. The rotatory motion of the cam d is effected by a strap or band
passing over the fast pulley e. By the rotation of the said cam d an alternating
sliding motion is given to the said rod a, and through the said rod to the

page_text: rack b. The teeth of the rack b engage in the teeth of a pinion i, and com-
municate to the said pinion rotatory motion in opposite directions, according
as the said rack is ascending or descending. On one side of the axis carrying
is a screw plate k, and to the opposite side of the said axis is a
the pinion
screw tap 1. By the rotatory motion of the said screw plate k the screw blanks
may be screwed, and by the rotatory motion of the screw tap 1, the holes in
the plugs of taps or stop-cocks may be tapped. The screw blanks and plugs
to be screwed and tapped are held during the operation of the screw plate k
and tap respectively in suitable holders, the construction of which constitutes
no part of my Invention, and I therefore do not think it necessary to describe
or represent the same.
My new or improved machine for slitting or slotting the screws or screw
blanks for taps or stop-cocks is represented in side elevation in Figure 17, in
plan in Figure 18. and end elevation in Figure 19, of the accompanying
Drawings. The same letters are employed to indicate the same parts in
Figures 17, 18, and 19. The screws or screw blanks a, the heads of which
are to be slit or slotted, are placed in a row, heads uppermost, in a clamp or
holder b, b. The two parts of the clamp or holder h, b, are held together by
the right and left handed screw c, working in screw boxes made in the said
clamp or holder. By turning the screw c by means of the wheel d in one
direction, the said two parts b. b, of the said clamp or holder may be separated
for the purpose of introducing or withdrawing the screws or blanks, and by
turning the said screw c in the opposite direction; the two parts b, b. may be
made to approach each other, and grip securely the screws or blanks while
being operated upon. The said clamp or holder b, b, works on a dovetail e on
the bed of the machine, and the said clamp or holder is moved along the said
dovetail by the cranked lever 1, which said lever is connected to the upper
end of the said clamp or holder by the link g. is an axis or shaft carrying the
circular saw i, to which axis a rotatory motion is given by a band passing over
the pulley k. By slowly moving the lever the screws or blanks a in the
holder or clamp b, b, are brought under the circular saw i, which, by its
rotation, cuts the slits or slots in the heads of the said screws or blanks a.
When the holder or clamp has been so far moved as to bring the last
screw or blank under the operation of the circular saw i, the further
motion of the said holder is stopped, and the slit or slotted screws or blanks
removed from the said holder. In Figure 18 the position which the lever f
assumes when the holder b, b2, has been moved to its full extent is indicated in
dotted lines. After the removal of the screws or screw blanks from the holder
the said holder is by the moving of the lever brought into the position repre-

page_text: sented in Figure 18, when a fresh series of screws or blanks can be fixed
in the holder, and be brought under the operation of the circular saw i.
My new or improved machine for turning the washers of taps or stop-cocks
is represented in Figures 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25, of the accompanying
Drawings; Figure 20 representing a side elevation of the said machine;
Figure 22 an end elevation of the same; and Figure 23 a horizontal section
of the same; a portion of the said machine is represented in Figure 21.
The same letters indicate the same parts in Figures 20, 21, 22, and 23. The
washer b to be turned is fixed in a holder supported on the top of the vertical
rod c, which said rod has a vertical sliding up-and-down motion communicated
to it in the manner herein-after explained. In the same line as the said rod c
is a vertical shaft d, which said shaft carries at its lower end a suitably formed
cutter e. A rotatory motion is communicated to the said shaft d by a strap
or band passing over a pulley connected to the upper part d' of the said
shaft d, which said upper part d' works on a square shoulder at formed on
the shaft ; the said shaft d works in collars ., fixed to the pillar g. The
sliding up-and-down motion of the rod is effected as follows:-, is a cam
on the shaft i. the shape of which said cam is best seen in Figure 21. By
the rotation of the said cam h, a roller bearing on the said cam is raised, and
with it the rod 1, to which the said roller is fixed. The roller k is preserved
on the cam by means of the link turning on the joint . The motion of
the rod is transmitted to the vertical rod c by the connecting lever mand
links n. The return or downward motion of the rod c is effected by its own
weight combined with the pressure of the spring bearing on the connecting
lever m.
The rotatory motion of the shaft carrying the cam his effected as
follows: The rotating shaft carries a worm p. which gears into a worm
wheel on the shaft r. The motion of the wheel is transmitted by the
toothed wheels s and to the toothed wheel u, situated on the cam shaft i.
By the operation of the cam h, the rod c carrying the washer b is rapidly
raised, and the said washer brought into contact with the rotating cutter c,
and the said washer turned. During the action of the cutter e, the washer
rises very slowly, and after the turning has been effected, the rod c, carrying
the said washer, rapidly descends.
The motions described of the rod c are effected by the peculiar shape of the
cam h. In Figure 22, the rod c is shown in the act of descending after the
washer has been shaped by the operation of the cutter c. The turned
washer is removed from the rode by the action of a tongue carried by the
said rod c. As the rod c descends, the tongue vengages with the tongue w,

page_text: supported by the spring, and depresses the said tongue 10.
When the
tongue has been depressed or turned down so far as to escape from under
the tongue, the said tongue returns by the clasticity of the spring to its
original position, and shoots forward a small bolt fixed to the said tongue 10,
which said bolt y enters a slot z made in the edge of the rod c and pushes or
lifts the washer from off the said rod, which said washer is received in a
suitable receptacle. When the turned washer has been. removed, another one
is placed on the top of the rod c, and by the ascending motion of the said rod,
brought. under the operation of the rotatory cutter e, and turned by the said
cutter. I sometimes effect the removal of the turned washer from the top of
the rod c by the arrangement represented in plan and section in Figure 24.
A fixed stop 2 is capable of adjustment on the bed 4 by means of the screw 3;
the said stop 2 is fixed in such a position that the washer overhangs the said
stop. I give to the cam, by which the motion of the rod c is effected, the
figure represented in Figure 25. When, after the turning of the washer, the
part of the cam comes into operation, the top of the rod c sinks below the
stop 2, the washer b is arrested by the stop 2, and the holder being with-
drawn from the washer, the said washer falls from the machine. Figures 26,
27, and 28 represent the machinery by which I throw into and out of
gear such machines for making taps or stop-cocks and fittings for gas, steam,
and water pipes as are required to be thrown into and out of gear with the
driving power.
The same letters indicate the same parts in Figures 26, 27,
and 28. Figure 26 represents part of the machinery in front. elevation;
Figure 27 represents the same in end elevation; and Figure 28 represents a
plan and elevation of a portion of the same. The shaft a works in bearings
in the frame b at about the same level as the driving shaft. The pulley cis
fixed on the shaft a, and a band on the pulley e passes to the machine to be
actuated. Three other pullies d, e, and f, are loose upon the shaft ", each of the
said pullies d, e, and f, having a hollow cone on its side as indicated in dotted
lines. Three cones d, e, are keyed to the shaft a by sliding keys and the
forked ends of the cranked levers g, h, and i engage with the cones d, e, f
respectively. By raising the horizontal arm of one of the levers g, h, i, the
conc it engages with is made to engage with the hollow cone of the corrc-
sponding pulley. Bands from pullies of uniform size on the driving shaft
pass over the loose, pullies d, e, f. the band passing over one of the small
loose pullies e, f, being crossed so as to communicate a motion contrary to
that given by the other pullies. Three pedals k, l, m, Figure 28, are con-
nected by vertical connecting rods with the horizontal arms of the cranked
levers g, h, i, respectively, and by pressing on the said pedals, the workman

page_text: can throw either of the pullies d, e, /, into gear. By throwing the pulley d
into gear he communicates a slow motion to his lathe or turning machine; by
throwing the pulley e into gear he communicates a quick motion thereto; and
by throwing the pulley into gear he communicates a quick but reverse
motion to the machine to be driven.
I do not think it necessary to particularize the various machines to which
the mechanism represented in Figures 26, 27, and 28 is applicable, as any of
the machines herein described, which have a motion similar to that of a lathe
or other like machines used in the manufacture of taps or stop-cocks, and gas
and similar fittings, may be thrown into and out of gear with the driving power
by the said mechanism.
Although I have described and illustrated my Invention only in its appli-
cation to the manufacture of taps or stop-cocks, yet my said Invention is
equally applicable to the manufacture of fittings for gas, steam, and water
pipe; but as the application of my said Invention to the said fittings differs
in no essential respect from its application to the manufacture of taps or stop-
cocks. I do not think any further details necessary.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the precise details herein described and represented, as the same
may be varied without departing from the nature of my Invention; but I
claim as my Invention,-
Firstly, the general arrangement and combination of parts of the machinery
herein before described and represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the
accompanying Drawings to be employed in the manufacture of the plugs, of
taps, or stop-cocks, and such fittings for gas, steam, and water pipes as tho
same is or may be applicable to.
Secondly, the general arrangement and combination of parts of the
machinery herein-before described and represented in Figures 6, 7, and 8 of
the accompanying Drawings to be employed in the manufacture of the plugs
of taps or stop-cocks, and such fittings for gas, steam, and water pipes as the
same is or may be applicable to.
Thirdly, the general arrangement and combination of parts of the machinery
herein-before described and represented in Figures 9, 10, and 11 of the
accompanying Drawings to be employed in the manufacture of the barrels of
taps or stop-cocks, and such fittings for gas, steam, and water pipes as the
same is or may be applicable to.
Fourthly, the general arrangement and combination of parts of the
machinery herein-before described and represented in Figures 12 and 13 of

page_text: the accompanying Drawings for making blanks from which screws are to be
made for the plugs of taps or stops-cocks and fittings for gas, steam, and water.
pipes.
Fifthly, the general arrangement and combination of parts of the machinery
herein-before described and represented in Figures 14, 15, and 16 of the
accompanying Drawings for screwing screw blanks, and tapping the holes in
the plugs of taps or stop cocks, and such other fittings for gas. steam, and
water pipes as the same is or may be applicable to.
Sixthly, the general arrangement and combination of parts of the machinery
herein-before described and represented in Figures 17, 18, and 19 of the
accompanying Drawings for slitting or slotting the heads of screws or screw
blanks for the plugs of taps or stop-cocks, and such fittings for gas, steam,
and water pipes as require screws or screw blanks.
Seventhly, the general arrangement and combination of parts of the
machinery herein-before described, and represented in Figures 20, 21, 22, 28,
24 and 25 of the accompanying Drawings, for turning the washers of taps or '
stop-cocks and fittings for gas, steam, and water pipes.
Eighthly, the machinery herein-before described and represented in Figures
26, 27, and 28 of the accompanying Drawings, for throwing into and out of
gear by means of the foot such machines used in the manufacture of taps or
stop-cocks and fittings for gas, steam, and water pipes as have a rotatory
motion, and also require to be thrown into and out of gear with the driving
power.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Breeden, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw.'
JOSEPH BREEDEN. (L.s.)