CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WADDINGS
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
WESTHEAD, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Third day of March, in the twelfth year of Her reign, and in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Edward
Westhead, Her special licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
I, the said Edward Westhead, my exors, admors, and assigns, and such others
as T, the said Edward Westhead, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
WADDINGS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the
said Edward Westhead, shall cause a particular description of the nature of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Edward Westhead, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,

page_text: .
and the manner in which the same is to be performed and carried into effect,
are fully described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof;
but before I proceed with such statement I shall describe the nature and con-
struction of an ordinary wadding, for the purpose of making my Invention
better understood.
A wadding is constructed of cotton wool or other fibrous material, and
consists of a certain number of layers of carded wool as it is received from the
carding engine. These successive layers of wood, forming any required thick-
ness, are generally placed on a table in convenient lengths, and then spread
over on one side with size, which, when dry, holds the fibres together and
forms the back or foundation of the wadding. Waddings thus manufactured
are limited in length; but a Patent was granted to Peter Armand le Comte
de Fontainemoreau, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-eighth day of
February, One thousand eight hundred and forty-six, by which waddings are
manufactured by a more self-acting apparatus, and of an unlimited length;
but still with a back or foundation of size, as in the former mode of manu-
facture. This back or foundation of size soon decays and falls to pieces when
the waddings are applied to the various purposes for which they are designed.
Having described the nature and construction of the waddings heretofore in
use, I shall proceed with the statement of the nature of my Invention of
Certain Improvements in the Manufacture of Waddings, and the manner in
which the same are to be performed and carried into effect.
The nature of my Invention consists in the adaptation of certain means for
rendering waddings stronger and more durable, which is performed by the
introduction of either a series of threads of yarn, or (which I prefer) a thin
woven cloth or textile fabric, either into the body or on to the back of the
wadding previous to the sizing process. The threads of yarn or the cloth aro
incorporated with the wadding or with the size, and form part of the wadding
or part of the back or foundation of the wadding, which is thereby strengthened
and made more suitable than heretofore for many purposes. The mode of
introducing the threads, or woven cloth, or textile fabric will depend on the
way in which the waddings are manufactured. If they are sized in the ordi-
nary manner by hand, the threads or woven cloth must be incorporated during
the carding process, or placed on the back prevous to the size being used; but
if the waddings are made in a continuous length by the patent machinery
already alluded to, the cloth or thread may be placed on a roller, and distri-
buted as the wadding proceeds towards that part of the apparatus where the
sizing takes place; but the mode of introduction of the cloth or thread must
be modified according to the mode in which the waddings are manufactured,

page_text: and will be readily effected by any person conversant with work of this
nature.
Another mode of strengthening and perfecting the back or foundation of
waddings is by the substitution of a thin solution of gutta percha in the place
of the ordinary size; but this I do not consider equal to the introduction of
threads or a thin woven fabric.
Having described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I lay no
claim to the manufacture of waddings either by hand or machinery; but I do
claim the improvements in such manufacture by the introduction of a series of
threads, or of a woven cloth, or textile fabric, either on to the back or into
the body of the wadding, as well as the substitution of a solution of gutta percha
in the place of size for the backs of waddings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Westhead, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of Junc, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
WESTПEAD, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Third day of March, in the twelfth year of Her reign, and in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Edward
Westhead, Her special licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
I, the said Edward Westhead, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, and such others
as I, the said Edward Westhead, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any
time. agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
WADDINGS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the
said Edward Westhead, shall cause a particular description of the nature of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Edward Westhead, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,

page_text: and the manner in which the same is to be performed and carried into effect,
are fully described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof;
but before I proceed with such statement I shall describe the nature and con-
struction of an ordinary wadding, for the purpose of making my Invention
better understood.
A wadding is constructed of cotton wool or other fibrous material, and
consists of a certain number of layers of carded wool as is received from the
carding engine. These successive layers of wood, forming any required thick-
ness, are generally placed on a table in convenient lengths, and then spread
over on one side with size, which, when dry, holds the fibres together and
forms the back or foundation of the wadding. Waddings thus manufactured
are limited in length; but a Patent was granted to Peter Armand le Comte
de Fontainemoreau, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-eighth day of
February, One thousand eight hundred and forty-six, by which waddings are
manufactured by a more self-acting apparatus, and of an unlimited length;
but still with a back or foundation of size, as in the former mode of manu-
facture. This back or foundation of size soon decays and falls to pieces when
the waddings are applied to the various purposes for which they are designed.
Having described the nature and construction of the waddings heretofore in
use, I shall proceed with the statement of the nature of my Invention of
Certain Improvements in the Manufacture of Waddings, and the manner in
which the same are to be performed and carried into effect.
The nature of my Invention consists in the adaptation of certain means for
rendering waddings stronger and more durable, which is performed by the
introduction of either a series of threads of yarn, or (which I prefer) a thin
woven cloth or textile fabric, either into the body or on to the back of the
wadding previous to the sizing process. The threads of yarn or the cloth are
incorporated with the wadding or with the size, and form part of the wadding
or part of the back or foundation of the wadding, which is thereby strengthened
and made more suitable than heretofore for many purposes. The mode of
introducing the threads, or woven cloth, or textile fabric will depend on the
way in which the waddings are manufactured. If they are sized in the ordi-
nary manner by hand, the threads or woven cloth must be incorporated during
the carding process, or placed on the back prevous to the size being used; but
if the waddings are made in a continuous length by the patent machinery
already alluded to, the cloth or thread may be placed on a roller, and distri-
buted as the wadding proceeds towards that part of the apparatus where the
sizing takes place; but the mode of introduction of the cloth or thread must
be modified according to the mode in which the waddings are manufactured,

page_text: and will be readily effected by any person conversant with work of this
nature.
Another mode of strengthening and perfecting the back or foundation of
waddings is by the substitution of a thin solution of gutta percha in the place
of the ordinary size; but this I do not consider equal to the introduction of
threads or a thin woven fabric.
Having described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I lay no
claim to the manufacture of waddings either by hand or machinery; but I do
claim the improvements in such manufacture by the introduction of a series of
threads, or of a woven cloth, or textile fabric, either on to the back or into
the body of the wadding, as well as the substitution of a solution of gutta percha
in the place of size for the backs of waddings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Westhead, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.