Improvements in or relating to Furnaces.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application. 15th Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 15th July, 1891-Accepted, 12th Sept., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Furnaces.
I, THOMAS EDWARD CADDY of Caddy and Company Limited of Daybrook, in
the County of Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:
This invention relates to improvements in furnaces which are built up of bricks
or the like such for instance as those used in connection with egg ended boilers
and is partly applicable to furnaces generally.
In carrying out this invention to protect the sides of the furnace I employ metal
cheeks of a suitable height extending preferably from the front to the bridge these
may be formed hollow or built in with an air space between the cheeks and the
brick-work to render them more durable they may be cast with chilled faces and
may also be formed in segments so that parts may be replaced. The air space
formed by the hollow cheeks or the space between the cheeks and the brickwork I
utuize to convey a current of air from the front to the back of or into a hollow
bridge where it assists in consuming the smoke, the air also helps to preserve the
cheeks by keeping them from overheating.
In some cases an air passage or passages may be formed through the cheeks by
casting a tube or tubes in them those in each segment being in direct contact with
or delivering to the corresponding tubes in the segments next to it. Or the cheeks
may be built up of tubular fire bars adapted so as to be built in with their faces
forming the vertical sides of the furnace the air in all cases being taken up and
conveyed by the cheeks from the front of the furnace and delivered at the back of
or near the bridge, suitable arrangement being made at the front to permit of access
of air to the cheeks and at the back for its delivery.
I preferably employ furnace bars in which a tube is cast to form an air passage
through them to the back of or into a hollow bridge for the same purpose as herein-
before described.
The front ends of the tubes in the front set of bars I bend downwards so as to
pass out of the bar below and at a suitable distance from the end instead of passing
straight through as heretofore.
With this arrangement the ends of the bars may be formed so as to engage with
an ordinary dead plate, the necessity for an additional bearer bar is thus done
away with and the underside of the bars may be left clearer so as to afford an
increased draught; the ends of the tubes are also in a better position for taking
up the air. In the process of casting these bars I preferably employ a metal plate
provided with an opening for receiving and supporting the bent end of the tube
in the mould this plate is rammed in and supported or partially supported by the
sand.
The pattern is preferably provided with core print corresponding to the position
of the bent end of the tube and is preferably moulded in an inverted position on a
plate when the pattern has been partially rammed the supporting plate is placed
on the print, the box is then filled and the process of ramming completed after
which the box is turned and the pattern drawn leaving the plate in the mould which
thus affords support to the tube while casting.
The supporting plate may also be secured in position by pins passing through
the box engaging with the plate or in any other well known manner: in some cases
the plate may be secured or hinged to the moulding box,
The straight end of the tube is also carried and supported in the mould by a
plate fitting in the end of the box and adjusted by a suitable stop or stops provided
with an opening to receive the end of the tube.

page_text: When moulding the bars in a machine the pattern may be withdrawn from
the mould through the lower plate thus doing away with the necessity for turning
the moulding box.
Dated this 15th day of Chatober 1901
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Furnaces.
I, THOMAS EDWARD CADDY of Caddy & Company, Limited, Daybrook in the
County of Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to improvements in furnaces which are built up of brick
or the like, such as externally fired boilers, and is also partly applicable to furnaces
generally.
It will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a furnace constructed according to my invention
shown in connection with a brewer's copper, and Fig. 2 is a transverse section
taken on line er.
In carrying out this invention to utilize the heat which is so destructive with
present arrangements to the sides of the furnace I employ metal cheeks A of a
suitable height and extending preferably the whole length of the furnace, these
checks A may be formed hollow or built in as shown with an air space B between
the cheeks and the brickwork C. To render them more durable they may be cast
with chilled faces and may also be formed in segments so that worn or damaged
parts may be removed and new parts substituted therefor.
Through each of the passages formed in the hollow cheeks A or through each
space a current of air may be conveyed from the front to the back or into a
hollow bridge, or as shown in in the drawings the air may be taken up at the
opening at the back of the furnace and below the bars E and delivered at the
opening Fat the front of the furnace above the bars in this case the heated air is
delivered in front of the fire over which it passes. In both cases the air assists in
the consumption of the smoke and also helps to preserve the cheeks by keeping
them from becoming overheated.
The opening D may be provided with a door D' sliding as shown or of any other
convenient form so that the air current may be regulated.
In some cases one or more air passages may be formed through the cheeks by
casting one or more tubes in them, those in each section being in direct connection
with or delivering the air to the corresponding tubes in the section next to it. Or
the checks may be built up of tubular fire bars adapted so as to be built in with
their faces forming the vertical sides of the furnace the air being taken up and
conveyed by the tubular passages from the front of the furnace and delivered at the
back of or near the bridge or from the back to the front discharging the air at a
suitable height above the bars in the same manner as herein before described and
shown, suitable arrangement being made at the front or back to permit of access of
air to the tubular passages and at the front or back for its delivery.
I preferably employ bars E in each of which a tube is cast to form an air
passage through it to the back of or into a hollow bridge for the same purpose as
hereinbefore described.
The receiving end G of the tube is beut downwards at a suitable angle so as to
pass out of the bar below and at a suitable distance from the end instead of passing
straight through as heretofore.
With this arrangement the ends
of the bars E may be formed so as to engage
with an ordinary dead-plate H and the necessity for an additional bearer-bar is

page_text: thus done away and the underside of the bar may be left clear so as to afford an
increased draught. The ends of the tubes may also be cut at an angle as shown
and are in a better posion for. taking up the air and are less likely to get choked
with ashes or dust. The bars may also be arranged to take up the air at the back
as shown in dotted lines at I in which case the air would be delivered at the front
into preferably a hollow dead plate and would pass over the fire, this I find to be
more effective in some cases for consuming the smoke than delivering the air at the
back as heretofore.
In the process of casting the bars I preferably employ a metal plate provided
with an opening for receiving and supporting the bent ends of the tubes in the
mould the plate is rammed in and supported or partially supported by the sand.
The pattern is preferably provided with a core print corresponding to the
position of the bent end of the tube and is preferably moulded in an inverted
position on a plate.
When the pattern has been partially rammed the supporting plate is placed on
the print, the box is then filled and the process of ramming completed, after which
the box is turned and the pattern drawn, leaving the plate in the mould which
receives the end of and thus affords support to the tube.
The supporting plate may be provided with a stop to limit the length of tube
passing through the plate and may also be secured more firmly in position by pins
passing through the moulding box engaging with the plate, or in any other well
known manner for example in some cases the plate may be hinged to the moulding
box. The straight end of the tube may also be carried and supported in the mould
by a plate fitting in the end of the moulding box adjusted by a suitable stop or
stops and provided with an opening to receive the end of the tube.
When moulding the bars in a machine such as described in Letters Patent
granted to me No. 5447 dated 12th April 1888 the pattern may be withdrawn from
the mould through the plate without turning the moulding box.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declaro that what I
claim is
1. In a furnace such as described the employment of a cheek such as A sub-
stantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
2. In a furnace such as described the employment of cheeks formed of a number
of tubes or tubular sections substantially as and for the purpose herein described.
3. A tubular fire bar in which the end of the tube is bent at an angle to the
main part so as to pass out of the bar before it reaches the end substantially as
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. In a furnace the heating of air by passing it through a hollow cheek or through
an air passage B formed between a check such as A and the brickwork C for the
purpose of consuming the smoke substantially as herein described.
5. In a furnace the taking up of air at the back and delivering it at the front by
means of hollow fire bars substantially as and for the purpose herein described.
Dated this 13th day of July 1891
THOMAS EDWARD CADDY.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicant.