A NEW MA- CHINE FOR DIVIDING INTO FILAMENTS VARIOUS MATERIALS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, SUCH AS RAGS, WOODS, BARKS, AND FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Ledger, of 241, Albany Road, Camberwell,
in the County of Surrey, Merchant, for the Invention of "A NEW MA-
CHINE FOR DIVIDING INTO FILAMENTS VARIOUS MATERIALS USED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, SUCH AS RAGS, WOODS, BARKS, AND FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 2nd December 1864, and dated the 4th June 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Ledger at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th June 1864.
I, EDWARD LEDGER, of 241, Albany Road, Camberwell, in the County of
Surrey, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW MACHINE FOR DIVIDING INTO FILAMENTS VARIOUS MATERIALS USED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, SUCH AS RAGS, WOODS, BARKS, AND FIBROUS SUBSTANCES,"
to be as follows:-
I use a rotatory machine driven by power with cutters grooved, fluted, or
toothed, followed by a plain cutter or by one of a different pattern, or by one of
the same pattern following the other, so that the raised part of one should
correspond with the sunk part of the other. The substance to be operated
upon should be placed either above or below the cutters so as to present the
materials in a horizontal position.

page_text: What I claim as new is the use of mixed cutters and the application of them
to a material in a horizontal position; the material to be operated upon may be
either wet or dry, the cutters I prefer to use are grooved ones followed by
plain ones.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Ledger, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd December 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
LEDGER, of 241, Albany Road, Camberwell, in the County of Surrey,
Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Edward Ledger, Her special licence that the said
Edward Ledger, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Edward Ledger, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"A NEW MACHINE FOR DIVIDING INTO FILAMENTS VARIOUS MATERIALS USED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, SUCH AS RAGS, WOODS, BARKS, AND FIBROUS SUBSTANCES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Ledger, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describo and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after tho date of the said
Letters Patent.
:
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Ledger, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
I use a rotatory engine, either driven by steam or water power, and of any
size to suit the number and size of the cutters employed. I use cutters in the

page_text: rotatory engine, either toothed, fluted, grooved, or plain, in such a manner
that a cutter of a different pattern follows a previous one, so as to divide the
substance to be operated on into filaments of uniform breadth and thickness;
and I claim as my Invention the combination of different cutters in succession
to each other in a rotatory engine to produce filaments of rags, woods, barks,
and other fibrous substances used in the manufacture of paper, and of pulp
used for other manufacturing purposes. I prefer using a series of grooved
cutters followed by plain ones.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Ledger, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Second day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
EDWARD LEDGER. (L.S.)