IMPROVEMENTS IN. STOVE GRATES
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry, Elliott Hoole,,of Green, Lane Works, Sheffield,
in the County of York, ;Stove: Grate and Fender. Manufacturer,,for, the
Invention, of" IMPROVEMENTS IN. STOVE GRATES.
PROVISIONAL. SPECIFICATION, left, by the said Henry, Elliott Hoole, at
the Office, of the Commissioners. of. Patents,, with his Petition, on the
22nd. January 1856...
I, HENRY ELLIOTT HOOLE, of Green Lane Works, Sheffield, in the County
of York, Stove Grate and Fender Manufacturer; 'do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVE GRATES, to be as follows:-
The object of my improvements in stove grates is to economize the heat
given off from the incandescent fuel of a stove grate, by causing it to radiate
into the room and warm the atmosphere thereof; instead of going up the
chimney, as a considerable portion of the heat given off in ordinary stove
grates now does. By means of my improvements, not only is the above very
desirable object effectually attained, but a considerable economy of fuel is the
natural result, and the more regular supply of fuel to the fire-place is also
effected:
In my improved stove grates, the fuel is supported upon a moveable iron or
other horizontal plate, which is capable of being raised and lowered by means
of chains or other gearing as the fuel burns away. This 'plate forms the
bottom of the fuel chamber, the back of which is formed by a circular fire

page_text: brick, provided on its surface with vertical grooves, which extend down below
the horizontal supporting plate of the fuel, and as air is admitted under this
plate to the back of the grate, it passes up the grooves in the fire brick at
back, and enters among the incandescent fuel. Air to assist in supporting
combustion may also, if thonght desirable, be supplied from the front under
the fire bars. The lower part of the front of the fuel chamber is enclosed, so
as to keep in the fuel; but the upper part is provided with fire bars, like an
ordinary stove grate; and from the lowermost of these grate bars extends
diagonally downwards to the hearth a series of ash bars, through which any
cinders or ashes from the fire will fall into an ash pan below. This pan may
be removed without removing the bars, which may, and in fact for a sitting
room grate, should be made ornamental. The smoke and gases from the
fuel, instead of being allowed-to pass away, as in ordinary stove grates,
through a large opening above, are made to pass between two iron frames,
provided with narrow vertical openings or slots, and arranged one behind the
other in such a manner, that one of the frames being moveable may be made
to close the said openings by being drawn forward. By this means the
amount of draught up the chimney may, be regulated with facility.
It will now be understood, that if the fuel chamber of the grate is supplied
in the morning with the proper quantity of fuel-(the supporting plate being
lowered down for that purpose), such supply will suffice for the whole day.
The fire is lighted at the top of the fuel, and as the latter burns away, the
plate may from time to time be raised, so as to keep the upper surface of
the fuel at a proper height. The heat of the fire will heat the fire brick back,
and also the iron frames through. which the smoke and gases pass to the
.chimney, and the greater portion, of this heat will be thrown or radiated into
the room.
"
In carrying out my improvements, I have found by, experience that a dome-
shaped front is the best, and most suitable for throwing the heat into the
I do not, however, propose to confine myself thereto, as other shapes
or designs will, no doubt, answer the purpose..
.room.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Elliott Hoole in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd July 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
ELLIOTT HOOLE, of Green Lane Works, Sheffield, in the County of. York,
Stove Grate and Fender Manufacturer, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did,. for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
5. the said Henry Elliott Hoole, Her special license that I, the said Henry
Elliott Hoole, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Henry, Elliott Hoole, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree. with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
o make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVE GRATES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Henry Elliott Hoole, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar mouths
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said Henry Elliott Hoole, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being. had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in stove grates, whereby the
fuel is capable of being retained at a uniform level until the charge, sufficient
for several hours' consumption, is consumed. The draft is capable of nice
adjustment to suit the varied requirements of the consumer, and the heat
generated in the stove is effectually applied to the warming of the apartment
in which the stove is situated. !
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 shews my improved stove in front
elevation; Fig. 2 is a vertical section, taken through the middle of the same;
Fig. 3 is a horizontal section, taken at the two levels indicated by the.
dotted line 1, 2, of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a vertical section, taken at the line
3, 4, of Fig. 2.
The first part of. my Invention consists in the application to self-feeding
stove grates (or grates having a fuel box fitted with a moveable plate or false
bottom for supporting the fuel) of certain novel mechanism for raising and
lowering the moveable plate. The plans hitherto adopted have more or less
possessed the disadvantage of lifting the plate unequally at its opposite ends,
thereby causing it to catch against the sides of the box, and offer an obstruc

page_text: tion to its further movement, the consequence of which has been 'the's straining
and derangement of the apparatus. To avoid these disadvantages, and thereby
to facilitate the raising of the fuel-to the requiredaleights as the upper part of
the mass is consumed, I attach to the 'moveable plate.ör false bottoni'a of the
-fuel box b guide bars c, c,-which move in recesses provided for them in the
ends of the box. b. To these bars c; chains or metal ropes d, d are attached
(as shewn at Fig. 4), and the ends of these chains or ropes are carried over
guide pullies e, e, to the barrel f. and secured thereto. The barrel fois provided
with a division plate, for separating the chains which wind on the barrel-at
opposite sides of this partition. The chains are so connected to the barrel-
that they will both. wind up or unwind simultaneously when the barrel is
"rotated. Suitable bearings are provided in the upper part of the stove for the
axle of this barrel; and to the axle is keyed a cog wheel.g, into which gears a
pinion on an axle h. The outer end of this, axle is squared to receive a winch
handle or key (an opening. being made in the front of the stove for its inser-
tion), by which means rotary..motion is communicated to the barrel for the
purpose of winding up the chains and lifting the plate withithe fuel upon it.
An obvious modification of-this model of winding up will be the substitution of
two barrels for the central barrel and guide pullies. This arrangement.is
shewn in front and end elevation. at Figures 4 a worm and worm wheel being
used to give, rotary emotion to the barrels. In some cases, instead of.the
chains and barrel I proposé. to. use a screw and bevil gearing, as shewn
in side and front elevationi atrFigures 5.and 6. The guide bars:c;.c; I con-
nect together by a cross bar c,the middle of which is tapped to receive
a vertical screw i. This screw is mounted in .fixed bearings, and is capable
of turning.freely. therein; on its upper end it carriest at bevilled wheel! k,
which is keyed thereto, and gears into a bevilled pinion mounted on a
squared shaft m. This shaft being rotated by a key; as explained' with
reference to the first arrangement,[will cause the screw to rotate and lift or
lower the plate of the fuel box, as required. It will thus be seen; that the
plate will be raised evenly, and the difficulties.above referred to will be entirely
avoided.
The second part of my Invention consists in a novel construction of com-
pound register for regulating the chimney draft.. This: register; is shewn in
section. at Fig. 2as attached to.then stove;., and in back and side views at
Figures 7 and 8.. For the sake of appearance and to suit the particular
pattern of stove; the register is here shewn of a segment form; it consists of a
curved platen hinged (to the back, of the stove, and provided with a series of
openings to permit of the passage upwards of the smoke and heated gases

page_text: from the fire. Behind this plate n is a plate o, which is hinged thereto, and
also cast with openings; through which the gases of combustion pass. The
plates n and o, forming together the compound register, are so set with respect
to each other: thatsthe spaces in one are opposite the solid parts of the other
plate, and thus, when the plates. lie close together, the passage to the chimney
will be closed...Jointed to the plate o is a rack bar p, which projects through
a slot made to admit it in the platen, and, on to the edge of this slot the teeth
of the rack bar take, for the purpose of holding, the two, plates apart and keep-
ing open a free passage for the gaseous products evolved from the burning fuel.
When it is required to close the passage (the under plate n being its
forward position, or in the position shewn in the Drawing), it is only necessary
to tip up the end of the rack bar p, and the plate o will fall forward and close
the openings in the plate n. On the other hand, when the draft is required to
be increased to the capacity-of-the-register, the rack-bar is-pushed back, and
the last tooth of the series is hooked on to the edge of the slot in the plate n.
For the purpose of sweeping the chimney; the compound register is made to
fall back to the dotted position of Fig. 2. Instead of using a rack bar, the
compound register may be opened and closed by means of a screw, as shewn
at Fig. 5.
The third part of my Invention consists in forming vertical grooves (of
various sectional forms) at the back of the fire-place, for the purpose of con-
ducting air to the fire and heating it in its passage upwards. Figures 2 and 3
shew in section these air passages formed in the fire-brick lining 7 at the back
of the stove. They may, however, when thought desirable, be cast into the
metal back of the stove. These passages are open throughout their length, as
shewn at Fig. 4, to allow the air to pass out at various levels. The open metal
work or fender r, in front of and forming a screen to the fuel box and ash pau,
serves to admit air to these passages. The air passing down under the box b,
travels up at the back thereof, and finds its way into the air channels 2, where
it is heated. In this state it passes into the fire to keep up combustion, and
serves also to throw the heat generated into the apartment. It will be under-
stood that any ashes or dust that may fall over the back edge of the fuel box
will not clog up or interfere with the action of these air passages, there being
no ledge or angle to receive and accumulate such matters.
Having now set forth the nature and object of my Invention of "Improve-
ments in Stove Grates," and explained the manner of carrying the same into
effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim,-
First, the arrangement of mechanism, above described, for ensuring an even
lift to the plate or false bottom of the fuel box.

page_text: Secondly, the peculiar, construction of compound register, above described,
operated by means of a rack bar, or its equivalent, for the purpose of regulating
the draft of stove grates.
And, thirdly, providing stove grates with vertical air passages at the back of
the fire, in the manner and for the purpose above set forth.
In witness whereof, I; the said Henry Elliott Hoole have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-second day of July, in the
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
year of
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
HENRY E. HOOLE. (L.S.).