Year: 1884

page_text: The method by which the above result is attained is as followes.
The apparatus as applied to a tramway car, consists of two shafts, verticaly
placed one on each side of the entrance, the shafts are connected at the lower
extremity and under the floor of the car, by two wheels or pinions, so that they
shall both revolve together.
On these shafts, and at a distance of three feet, or three feet six inches, above
the floor, is fixed four protruding arms, at right angles to the shaft, and at right
angles to one another, two of these arms one from each side, protrude into the
doorway, so that when a passenger entres the car the arms are caused to turn
inward, and the following two arms, one from either side of the door, take their
place, and protrude into the doorway there not being room within these arms to
admit more than one person at a time, and in consequence the shafts on which the
arms are fixed have to turn one fourth of a revulution inward or outward as
every indivudal passenger enters or leaves the car.
On one of these shafts and above the level of the doorway, a screw is cut of
half inch pitch, on this screw is fitted a nut adapted to carry a pencil, so that when
019

page_text: the shafts turn inward or outward, the pencil is caused by the screw to rise or fall
one eighth part of an inch, with every fourth of a revulution of the shafts:
The pencil marks on the diagram paper, which is divided into as many parts as
the number of passengers that can be carred on the car, these. parts or divisions
are one eigth of an inch apart, so that every time a passenger enters or leaves the
car, the pencil moves up or down one of these divisions.
The diagram paper is fixed to a drum or cylinder eight inches in diamater or
any other suitable size, which is made to revolve either by clockwork or by being
in connection with the shafts in the doorway, at the end of the day the diagram
paper
is taken off with the days work on it, and another diagram paper attached
for next day's work or as the arrangement may be..

page_text: I, JAMES BISSET Junior, of 10 North Broadford, Aberdeen, in the County of
Aberdeen, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR INDICATING THE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS AND
THE TIME OR DISTANCE TRAVELLED ON TRAMWAY CARS AND OTHER CONVEYANCES
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
By the ingress and egress of passengers, a screw is made to revolve, whereby a
pencil is raised or lowered upon a suitable diagram paper, which is fixed to a
revolving drum or cylinder. The result being an accurate diagram, from which
the number of passengers, and the time or distance travelled, can be readily
ascertained.
The method by which the above result is attained is as follows:-
The apparatus as applied to a tramway car, consists of two shafts vertically
placed one on each side of the entrance, these shafts are connected at the lower
extremity and under the floor of the car, by two wheels or pinions so that they
shall both revolve together.
On these shafts and at a distance of three feet, or three feet six inches above
the floor, is fixed four protruding arms, at right angles to the shaft and at right
angles to one another. Two of these arms, one from either side protrude into the
doorway, so that when a passenger enters the car, the arms are caused to turn
inwards and the following two arms, one from either side of the door, protrude
into the doorway, there not being room within these arms to admit more than one
person at a time, and in consequence, the shafts on which the arms are fixed, have
to turn one fourth of a revolution, inward or outward, as every individual
passenger enters or leaves the Car. On one of these shafts, and above the doorway
a screw is cut of half-inch pitch, on this screw is fitted a nut adapted to carry a
pencil, so that when the shafts turn inward or outward, the pencil is caused by:
the screw to rise or fall one eighth of an inch with every fourth of a revolution of
the shafts. The pencil marks on a diagram paper divided into as many parts as
the number of passengers that can be carried on the car, these parts or divisions:
are one eighth of an inch apart, so that every time a passenger enters or leaves the
car, the pencil moves up or down one of these divisions. The diagram paper is
fixed to a drum or cylinder 8 inches diameter or any suitable size, which is made'
to revolve by clock-work, or by being in connection with the shaft on one of the
sides of the doorway. At the end of the day, the diagram paper is taken off with
the day's work on it and a clean diagram put on for next day, or as the
arrangement may be.
-
In order that my said Invention may be properly understood and readily carried:
into effect, I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed,
i

page_text: Figure 1 Sheet 1, is an elevation of my improved apparatus as constructed for a
conveyance carrying a number of passengers going different distances, such
conveyances for example, as Tramway Street Cars and Omnibuses and in which
the said passengers are charged according to the distance so travelled.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
Figures 3 and 4 are respectively an enlarged view partly in plan and partly in
horizontal section, and an enlarged vertical section of the indicator constituting a
detached portion of the mechanism represented at Figures 1 and 2.
Figures 5 to 8 (inclusive) are detached portions of the same all hereinafter more
particularly described.
In applying my present improvements to Tramway Cars, Omnibuses and like
vehicles, I arrange the two vertical shafts a, (Figure 1) one on each side of the
entrance thereof, and provide each such shaft with four protruding arms b, which
may be of any convenient length, and extending in such direction that upon any
person entering or leaving the said vehicle, the two shafts a, by their then-inwardly
projecting arms b, are caused to make one-fourth of a revolution.
The two shafts a, rotate in unison by reason of their lower ends being connected
by the gear wheels o, which are necessarily of equal diameters.
The shafts a, revolve in, and are supported upon, the metal plate d, which is
recessed or sunk into and is level with the surface of the floor of the conveyance,
and the said shafts a, are maintained in their vertical position by the cast iron
brackets e, which are secured to the wood-work of the conveyance, and in which
the upper ends of the shafts a, are free to rotate. The gear wheels c, are arranged
beneath the floor, and one of these wheels is in gear with the small toothed
pinion f, as shewn more particularly at Figure 2 of the annexed drawings. This
pinion wheel, which is preferably one-fourth the size of the wheels c, is secured
to the lower end of the shaft upon which the screw g, of the Indicator (Figure 4)"
is formed, the said screw g, having preferably eight threads per inch, so that when
the arms b, are moved through one-fourth of a revolution, the pinion f, is caused
to make one complete revolution and thereby a pencil holder which is hereinafter
more particularly described and which works on the said screw g, is moved
vertically upwards or downwards to the extent of one eighth of an inch.
In place of operating the pencil holder of the indicator mechanism in the manner
hereinlast described, I may operate it by a screw formed preferably upon the upper
part of one of the shafts a, and of half-inch pitch so that the said pencil holder is
moved through a vertical distance of one-eighth of an inch at each quarter
revolution of the shafts a, but I prefer to operate the said indicator through the
pinion f, as hereinbefore described and arrange the indicator beneath the seat of,
or other convenient position within, the conveyance.
The Bosses h, of the two toothed wheels c, are made square, and the spring i,
which is secured to the projection j, formed on the metal plate d, and which bears
on the sides of these squared bosses h, checks the shafts a, at every fourth part of
their revolution.
The indicator which, as herein before described, is preferably arranged beneath
one of the seats of the conveyance and is there locked or otherwise secured against
any outside interference. The vertical shafts a, and the arms b, are enclosed in
the wood-work of the conveyance, in such manner that the only parts exposed,
are the two then-inwardly projecting arms b, protruding from each side of the
entrance.
With reference more particularly to Figures 3 and 4 of the annexed drawings, it
is seen that upon the short shaft on which the screw g, is formed, there is a second
screw k, cut, preferably of five-eighths of an inch pitch. Between the threads of
this short screwed portion k, the pin l, (see more particularly Figure 7) is held, the
said pin l, being formed in part with the block m, which is guided between, and
free to move vertically between, the guides n, and which is provided at its front
side with the inclined slot o. In this slot a pin is caused to work, the said pin

page_text: being formed in part with the plate p, which is pivoted at a², to any convenient
fixed part of the Indicator. Upon pins mounted in this plate p, the pawls q, and r
are pivoted, and the radial motion imparted to the plate p, through the slot ō,
causes one of the said pawls to engage with the ratchet teeth 8, and to move the
drum t, with which they are preferably formed in part, through a distance corre-
sponding to the length of one of the said teeth. This motion is imparted to the
drum t, through one of the pawls, say the pawl marked q, when the shafts a, are
turned inwardly, that is to say, when a passenger enters the conveyance, no further
motion being imparted thereto by any passengers other than the first entering at
the same time, but upon any one leaving the conveyance, the pawl r, moves the
drum t, forward to a similar distance. The pencil u, which may be of metal or
other suitable substance, is carried in the pencil holder v, (Figure 5) hereinbefore
referred to, and, by a spiral or equivalent spring which is contained in the said
holder v, is pressed upon the diagram paper w.-This diagram paper. is carried by
the drum t, and is divided vertically, preferably into as many eighth-of-an-inch
parts as there can be passengers carried in the conveyance. The pencil holder v,
engages with the screw g, and is otherwise guided by the vertical rods x, upon
which the eyes y, slide.
Suppose one passenger to enter the conveyance after it has been emptied of all
or any of its former passengers, this first-entering passenger causes the drum {, to
be moved forward and at the same time to raise the pencil u, one-eighth of an
inch so that a short oblique pencil line extending upwards is formed upon the
diagram paper w. Should any more passengers follow this first, without the
intervention of any out-going passengers, the pencil line is only extended vertically
upwards to a length corresponding in eighths-of-an-inch to the number of
passengers so entering.
Upon the first of the passengers leaving the conveyance, the drum t, is moved
forwards and the pencil u, downwards so that a short oblique pencil line extending
downwards, is the result. Should any more passengers leave the conveyance at
the same time, the pencil line is extended vertically downwards to a length
corresponding in eighths-of-an-inch to the number of passengers so leaving. It will
thus be seen that should the passengers entering and leaving the conveyance do so
alternately, that is to say, should one enter, a second leave, a third enter, a fourth
leave and so on, the result upon the diagram paper w, would be a horizontal
zigzag line.
The lever, is in connection with the Bell pull by which the Tramway Car
conductor, guard or other attendant communicates with the driver at the stopping
stations or stages, to inform him to proceed on the next stage of the journey. This
lever z, is pivoted at a¹, and at or near the end thereof, the pawl b¹ is pivoted in
such manner that when the lever s, is pulled in the required direction, it moves the
drum t, forward a distance equivalent to the length of one tooth 8. This move-
ment of the drum produces a short horizontal pencil line upon the diagram
paper w, as shewn at c³, (Figure 4) and should any passonger enter or leave the
conveyance at such a stage this is shewn by vertical or oblique lines as herein-
before described, the said vertical or oblique lines being before or after the .
horizontal line according as the passengers entered or left the conveyance before or.
after the lever 2, was pulled.
The mechanism of the indicator is contained within the casing d¹, the interior
of which is accessible by reason of the upper part of the said casing d³, being
detachable therefrom, the said part being otherwise secured in position by means
of pins or catches engaging with the upper ends of the rods e¹.
It is to be understood, in place of using two vertical shafts a, and sets of arms b,
as hereinbefore described that I may use one such shaft with the arms b, of
sufficient length to extend across the whole width of the entrance to the
conveyance, this construction of mechanism being preferable when space is of
small importance,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
,L
First The combination of parts constituting the mechanism which registers the
number of persons entering and leaving Tramway Cars, Omnibuses or like vehicles
and whereby a drum carrying a band of diagram paper is periodically rotated and
a pencil correspondingly moved in order to indicate such diagram on the said
paper substantially as hereinbefore described with reference. to the annexed
Drawings.
Second-The combination in the apparatus aforesaid with the vehicles aforesaid 1
of an indicating apparatus giving a diagram such that on its being read the number
of persons entering or leaving the car and the distance travelled is indicated by the
different lines of the diagram.