AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING COLOURS FOR DYEING AND PRINTING
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jules Albert Schlumberger, of Bàle, in the Republic
of Switzerland, Manufacturing Chemist, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING COLOURS FOR DYEING AND PRINTING."
-A communication from abroad by Jean Jaques Muller, of Bale,
Switzerland,
Sealed the 16th June 1868, and dated the 14th January 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jules Albert Schlum-
berger at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 14th January 1863.
I, JULES ALBERT SCHLUMBERGER, of Bàle, in the Republic of Switzerland,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING COLOURS FOR DYEING AND PRINTING,'
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention of an improved process for manufacturing
colours for dyeing and printing is to produce a fine blue colour from aniline.
Various colours, such as red, violet, purple, green, and drab, have been here-
tofore produced from this substance; but so far as I am aware, a really true
blue has not been obtained, as all the blue tints hitherto produced from aniline
have, by artificial light, a reddish, purplish, or violet tinge.

page_text: In order to produce a true light blue which will appear blue at night as
well as by day I take aniline red in a purified or not purified state and mix it
with a suitable proportion, according to the shade required, of acetate of
aniline, or an acetate of toluidine, or an acetate of any aniline homologues,
I then add to the mixture an equivalent proportion of carbonate of soda, or
soda, or any alkaline base which is able to decompose the acetate of aniline
and produce a combined salt with the acetic acid used. The mixture is
allowed to be heated to a temperature between 180° and 210° centigrades as
long as is requisite in order to obtain the desired shade of blue. The product
thus obtained is precipitated with strong muriatic acid and is boiled up. I
then purify it from the purple shade by boiling it over several times with
water or acidulated water. The colouring matter obtained is dried and ready
for use, if dissolved in alcohol or methylated spirit, and the shade produced is
a blue which has no purplish tint by artificial light, but is a pure blue.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jules Albert Schlumberger in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 14th July 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JULES
ALBERT SCHLUMBERGER, of Bâle, in the Republic of Switzerland, Manufac
turing Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight bundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Jules Albert Schlumberger, Her special license, that I, the said Jules
Albert Schlumberger, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Jules Albert Schlumberger, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING COLOURS FOR DYEING AND PRINTING,"
being a communication from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others)
that T, the said Jules Albert Schlumberger, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause

page_text: the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Albert Jules Schlumberger, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say:-
The object of this Invention of "An Improved Process for Manufacturing
Colours for Dyeing and Printing" is to produce a fine blue colour from
aniline. Various colours, such as red, violet, purple, green, and drab have
been heretofore produced from this substance; but so far as I am aware, a
really true blue has not been obtained, as all the blue tints hitherto produced
from aniline have by artificial light a reddish purplish, or violet tinge.
In order to produce a true light blue which will appear blue at night as
well as by day I take a salt of ros-aniline, such as hydrochlorate of ros-aniline,
and I mix it with a suitable proportion, according to the shade required, of
acetate of aniline, or an acetate of toluidine, or an acetate of any aniline
homologues. In practice I mix the ros-aniline with three parts of aniline and
one and a half part of acetic acid, I then neutralize the mixture by adding
thereto an equivalent proportion, say, one part of carbonate of soda, or soda,
or any alkiline base which is able to decompose the acetate of aniline and
produce a combined salt with the acetic acid used. The mixture is then
heated to a temperature between one hundred and eighty degrees and two
hundred and ten degrees centigrade as long as is requisite in order to obtain
the desired shade of blue, and until the mixture, when looked at through a
glass, appears without any purplish tint. The product thus obtained is pre-
cipitated with strong muriatic acid and is boiled up therein, when the blue
colour will separate from the liquid and will solidify it, so that it may be
removed from the liquid by a skimmer. The colouring matter obtained may
then be purified from the acid by boiling it several times in water, after which
it may be pressed and dried. The colouring matter dissolved by the strong
acid is precipitated with water and will produce a blue of second quality, but
no purplish or violet tint will appear. The colouring matters may then be
dried and will be ready for use if dissolved in alcohol or methylated spirit, and
the shade produced is a blue which has no purplish tint by artificial light, but
is a pure blue.
Having now described my Invention of "An Improved Process for manu-
facturing Colours for Dyeing and Printing," and having explained the manner
of carrying the same into effect, I claim as the Invention secured to me by
Letters Patent as aforesaid, the process herein-before set forth for treating

page_text: aniline, ros-aniline, or analogous products for the purpose of obtaining there-
from a perfect blue colour without any red, purple, or violet tint.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jules Albert Schlumberger, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Eleventh day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
JULES ALBERT SCHLUMBERGER. (L.S.)