Improvements in Wood-planing and Milling Machines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 12th Oct., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wood-planing and Milling Machines.
I, ASMUS DIEDERICHSEN, of Ålen, County of Småland, in the Kingdom of
Sweden, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
The object of my invention is to so arrange ordinary wood-planers, in which the
faces of the board are planed by means of cutters, that the edges of the same board
can be milled off in full conformity to the shape of a template or former attached to
the machine.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section of a machine constructed in accordance
with my invention and
Figure 2 is a cross-section taken on the line a-b of Figure 1.
The machine is so arranged that the two cutter shafts 1, 2, which are journalled as
usual in arms 3 oscillating on shafts 4; parallel to those of the cutters, will be drawn
towards each other in a yielding manner by means of springs or devices acting in a
similar manner (for instance the spiral spring 41), so that the said shafts will always
bear against the template or former 5 which keeps them separated more or less
according to its variations in shape, thus varying the distance between the cutters
and causing them to so mill off the edges of the board passing between them as to
make their shape conform to that of the template or former.
It is evident that the
cutter-shafts need not necessarily be journalled in oscillating arms, but that they :
may be made movable in slots arranged in the frame of the machine.
The template or former 5 is secured by means of bolts 6 to the top of a carriage 7
which is movable longitudinally with reference to the machine between guide rolls 50
fitted loosely on the cutter-shafts, the velocity of said carriage being equal to that
with which the board 8 is fed between the cutters 9. This is accomplished by the
use of a well-known mechanical movement constituted by two toothed racks, arranged
facing each other at the top and bottom of a slotted aperture 10 in the side of the
carriage, and between these racks is arranged a gear 11 of less diameter than the
height of the aperture and which can be made to engage either with the teeth of
the upper rack or with those of the lower one. On the shaft of the gear 11 there
is mounted another gear 12 that meshes with a third gear 13 on a shaft that has
secured to it a gear 14 which in turn engages with a toothed wheel 15 located between
the cutters. .
When the machine is at work, the board operated upon will pass between the
latter, toothed wheel 15 and a roller 16 arranged above it. 17 and 18 are two cutters
for planing the top and bottom sides of the board; 19 and 20 are feed-rollers
receiving their motion from the driving-shaft 34 while carrying the board to and
between the cutters.
When the gear 11 is in engagement with the rack at one (the upper) side of the
aperture 10, the carriage together with the template or former 5 will more forward
between the cutter-shafts 1, 2; in order to effect the return of the carriage, the
gear 11 must be brought to engage with the rack at the opposite (lower) side of said
aperture. This is accomplished by journalling the shaft 21 of the gear 11 in such
a manner that it can oscillate slightly in the vertical plane and occupy the position
indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 2.
At the outside of the carriage there is a bar 22 provided with a longitudinal
|slɔt 23 and with two lugs 24, said bar being at its forward end connected by means

page_text: of an arm to a rocking-shaft 26 from which projects upward a radial arın 27 provided
with a weight at its outer end. A stud or projection 28 is located on the carriage
in the path of the lugs 24, and the slot 23 embraces a stud 30 projecting from a
sliding-block 31 movable longitudinally with reference to the machine and provided
with an oblique slot 32, into which enters the forward end of the shaft of the
gear 11.
7. "
When in the course of the forward motion of the carriage 7 the gear 11 approaches
the end of the slotted aperture 10, the stud 28 will strike against the forward lug 24
on the bar 22 and force this bar to participate in its motion, thereby causing the
rocking-shaft 26 to revolve together with the weighted arm 27. When the latter
arm has reached its vertical position, the weight will cause it to fall over suddenly
to the other side and to pull the bar 22 quickly forward, so that the end of the
slot 23 will strike the stud 30 aud move it a short distance. As mentioned above,
this stud is secured to a sliding-block 31 provided with an oblique slot 32 into which
the end of the shaft 21 enters; consequently, when the stud 30 moves forward the
oblique slot will be shifted longitudinally with reference to the machine at the same
time depressing the end of the shaft 21 of the gear 11, which will likewise be
depressed so as to engage with the lower rack of the slotted aperture 10, thus
reversing the motion of the carriage. During the return stroke of the latter a new
board is introduced between the cutters and is milled off in conformity to the
template or former:
'When the carriage has reached the end of its return stroke, the stud 28 will strike
the rear lug 24 of the bar 22 and shift the position of the block 31 in the manner
previously described, so that the shaft 21 will be lifted by the oblique slot 32, and
the gear 11 will engage with the upper rack of the aperture 10 and again impart a
forward motion to the carriage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In wood-planing and milling machines provided with adjacent cutters between
which the boards to be operated on are fed and which cutters are mounted on shafts
movable transversely with reference to their own axes, an arrangement for milling
off the edges of said boards in conformity to a template or former attached to the
machine, characterized by cutter-shafts, (1, 2) which are pressed or drawn towards
each other in a yielding manner, with the object of varying the distance between
said shaft by the aid of the template or former inserted between them and thus
causing the cutters to be correspondingly separated.
2. In wood-planing and milling machines as claimed in the preceding claim the
special arrangement of a carriage (7) serving as support for the template or former
and which carriage can be moved between the cutter-shafts by means of a known
mechanism constituted by two parallel, toothed racks fixed to the carriage and
facing each other, between which racks there is a gear (11) of less diameter than
the distance between the racks, said gear, however, being mounted on a shaft that
can be made to oscillate in the vertical plane and which at one end enters an oblique
slot (32) in a sliding-block (31) movable in the same directions as the carriage,
which imparts motion to this block shortly before reaching its extreme positions, all
with the object of lifting or depressing the gear (11) by the carriage when the
latter reaches its extreme positions and to cause the aforesaid gear (11) to reverse
the motion of the carriage by alternately engaging with the two racks.
Dated this 16th day of August 1895
1
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.