Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Dec., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 9th Sept., 1896-Accepted, 28th Nov., 1896
The invention consists of the peculiar features of the binder and of the sheets or
leaves hereinafter set forth.
In the drawings,
Figure 1 is a plan view of a binder in book form embodying the invention, part
of one cover being broken away.
Figure 2 is a rear end elevation of the binder shown in Fig. 1.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of the binder shown in Fig. 1 taken on the
line 3-3 thereof.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the binder shown in Fig. 1, the upper cover being
elevated above the leaves.
Figure 5 is a plan view of a sheet or leaf embodying a part of the invention.
Figure 6 is a plan view of a fragment of a leaf embodying a modification of that
part of the invention relating to the sheet or leaf.
Referring now to the particular embodiment of the invention shown in the
drawings, A and B are the covers or backs of the binder and C are the sheets or
leaves enclosed between the covers, the binder being in the form of a book. The
sheets C may be of paper and ruled as shown in Fig. 5 for keeping accounts, or they
may be of any other material which it may be desired to secure in the binder.
Along the back edge of each leaf or sheet is one or more closed apertures c,
preferably two in number, and one or more open apertures c', preferably two in
number. The apertures c¹ may be made open by a slit extending from an edge of
the sheet to the aperture, as shown in Fig. 5, or by cutting away a narrow strip of
the sheet from an edge of the sheet to the aperture, as shown in Fig. 6. The
apertures e may be open to the side edges as well as to the back edge, and it is
preferable to have these apertures open from their side as shown. The binder is
provided with a post adapted to pass through each open aperture c' and with a post
adapted to pass through each closed aperture c whereby the sheets are secured in
place. In the drawings the posts for the open apertures are shown made in two
sections consisting of the tubes a and b and the studs a and b arranged to slide
within the tubes. The posts a, a¹ and b, b' are secured together at their lower ends
by being fixed to a suitable back, as B. At the other ends the posts are secured
together by being fixed to a bar d as shown in Fig. 3 or they may be fixed directly
to a back or cover such as A. In the best form, however, they are fixed to the
bar d and the bar is hinged to the cover as shown clearly in Fig. 4. It is not
always essential to have these posts extensible, but it is preferred that they be so
made and this is provided for by constructing the posts of tubes and studs as above
described and shown. When made extensible it is best to permanently connect the
members of the posts together and this may be done by forming heads on the lower
ends of the studs free to slide in the tubes but unable to be drawn out of them

page_text: There are
because of the restricted orifice at the upper ends of the tubes. Of course these
posts may be made extensible in other ways as well, but that shown is believed to
be the best. Each post e for the closed apertures of the sheets is so arranged
that when passing through the closed apertures of the sheets it may be withdrawn
therefrom leaving the sheets held in the binder by only the post or posts that pass
through the open aperture or apertures. By this arrangement when the posts e are
withdrawn a sheet may be inserted in place or withdrawn from the binder by
slipping the open apertures of the sheet off their post, the post passing through the
opening of the aperture, but when a post c is in place in the closed aperture of a
sheet the sheet cannot be withdrawn. By having the posts for the open apertures
extensible the withdrawal or insertion of a sheet is greatly facilitated because these
posts may be extended and any number of the sheets may be spread apart on the
posts to give access to the place of withdrawal or insertion of the sheet. In case
the covers or backs are used and where the studs a and b are secured to a back, this
back may be spread apart from the other back and carry with it the studs a
and b and thus extend the posts a a and b as shown clearly in Fig. 4.
various ways of arranging the posts e. As herein shown these posts are separate
and independent from each other and from the other parts of the binder and have
heads eel to rest upon the top of the sheets, the heads fitting a suitable recess in
the under side of the contiguous cover A. The other ends of the posts engage the
back B by entering the tubes f secured to this back. When the cover A is in place
and fastened by the lock D these posts are locked in place. If desired, however,
these posts e may pass through apertures in the back A or may be connected
together at their outer ends so as to be removable together. To this end they may
be permanently connected by a connecting bar similar to the bar d connecting the
posts a, a and b, b¹, or where these latter posts are extensible and have their
members not permanently connected together so that the members can be separated,
the posts e may be permanently connected at their outer ends to the cover or back A
and be removable with the back A. The always essential feature of these posts e
is that they must be capable of being drawn out of the closed apertures c of the
sheets to permit the sheets to be withdrawn or inserted in place by slipping the
openings of their open apertures past their posts. It is best to employ a means of
some kind whereby the sheets may be locked in place. The form of lock D shown
in the drawings is convenient for the purpose. In this lock ratchet posts g secured
to the hinged rear margin of the back A fit in the lock casing secured to the hinged
rear margin of the back B. Any means for locking the posts for the apertures of
the sheets in place, however, may be used and instead of broad backs such as shown
backs which are simply binding strips may be used.
While we have shown our complete invention in what we believe to be the best
form, it is to be understood that various changes which will readily suggest them-
selves to any one skilled in the art could be made without departing from the broad
spirit of the invention. For example, one, two or more open and one, two or more
closed apertures in each sheet may be used with one, two or more posts for the closed
apertures, and one, two or more posts for the open apertures. Again, the invention
contemplates non-extensible as well as extensible posts for the open apertures.
Dated this 29th of November 1895.

page_text: Improvements in binders for Holding sheets of raper or the like.
We, ROBERT JAMES COPELAND, and HARRY EDWARD DADE, both of
No. 54 Franklin Street, City and State of New York, United States of America,
Merchants, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained, in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to binders adapted to securely hold a plurality of sheets
or leaves in place and to the sheets or leaves adapted to be secured in the binder.
The invention consists of the peculiar features of the binder and of the sheets or
leaves hereinafter set forth.
In the drawings left with our Provisional Specification,
Figure 1 is a plan view of a binder in book form embodying the invention, part
of one cover being broken away.
Figure 2 is a rear end elevation of the binder shown in Fig. 1.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of the binder shown in Fig. 1, taken on the
line 3-3 thereof.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the binder shown in Fig. 1, the upper cover being
elevated above the leaves.
Figure 5 is a plan view of a sheet or leaf embodying a part of the invention.
Figure 6 is a plan view of a fragment of a leaf embodying a modification of that
part of the invention relating to the sheet or leaf.
Referring now to the particular embodiment of the invention shown in the
drawings, A and B are the covers or backs of the binder and C are the sheets or
leaves enclosed between the covers, the binders being in the form of a book. The
sheets C may be of paper and ruled as shown in Fig. 5 for keeping accounts, or
they may be of any other material which it may be desired to secure in the binder.
Along the back edge of each leaf or sheet is one or more closed apertures c,
preferably two in number, and one or more open apertures c¹, preferably two in
number. The apertures may be made open by a slit extending from an edge of
the sheet to the aperture, as shown in Fig. 5, or by cutting away a narrow strip of
the sheet from an edge of the sheet to the aperture, as shown in Fig. 6. The
aperture may be open to the side edges as well as to the back edge, and it is
preferable to have these apertures open from their side as shown. The binder is
provided with a post adapted to pass through each open aperture c¹ and with a
post adapted to pass through each closed aperture c whereby the sheets are secured
in place. In the drawings the posts for the open apertures are shown made in
two sections consisting of the tubes a and b and the studs a and b arranged to
slide within the tubes. The posts a a¹ and bare secured together at their lower
ends by being fixed to a suitable back, as B. At the other ends the posts are
secured together by being fixed to a bar d as shown in Fig. 3 or they may be fixed
directly to a back or cover, such as A. In the best form, however, they are fixed
to the bar d and the bar is hinged to the cover as shown clearly in Fig. 4. It is
not always essential to have these posts extensible, but it is preferred that they be
so made and this is provided for by constructing the posts of tubes and studs as
above described and shown. When made extensible it is best to permanently
connect the members of the posts together and this may be done by forming heads
on the lower ends of the studs free to slide in the tubes but unable to be drawn
out of them because of the restricted orifices at the upper ends of the tubes.
Of course these posts may be made extensible in other ways as well, but that
shown is believed to be the best. Each post e for the closed aperture of the sheets
is so arranged that when passing through the closed apertures of the sheets it
may be withdrawn therefrom leaving the sheets held in the binder by only the

page_text: post or posts that pass through the open aperture or apertures. By this arrange-
ment when the posts e are withdrawn a sheet may be inserted in place or
withdrawn from the binder by slipping the open apertures of the sheet off their
post, the post passing through the opening of the aperture, but when a post c is in
place in the closed aperture of a sheet the sheet cannot be withdrawn. By having
the posts for the open apertures extensible the withdrawal or insertion of a sheet
is greatly facilitated because these posts may be extended and any number of the
sheets may be spread apart on the posts to give access to the place of withdrawal
or insertion of the sheet. In case the covers or backs are used and where the
studs a and b are secured to a back, this back may be spread apart from the other
back and carry with it the studs a and b and thus extend the posts a a¹ and 6 b' as
As
shown clearly in Fig. 4. There are various ways of arranging the posts e.
herein shown these posts are separate and independent from each other and from
the other parts of the binder and have heads e¹è¹ to rest upon the top of the sheets,
the heads fitting a suitable recess in the under side of the contiguous cover A.
The other ends of the posts engage the back B by entering the tubes of secured to
this back. When the cover A is in place and fastened by the lock D these posts
are locked in place. If desired however, these posts e may pass through apertures
in the back A or may be connected together at their onter ends so as to be
removable together. To this end they may be permanently connected by a
connecting bar similar to the bar d connecting the posts a a¹ and b b¹, or
where these latter posts are extensible and have their members not permanently
connected together so that the members can be separated, the posts e may be
permanently connected at their outer ends to the cover or back A and be removable
with the back A. The always essential feature of these posts. e is that they must
be capable of being drawn out of the closed apertures of the sheets to permit the
sheets to be withdrawn or inserted in place by slipping the openings of their
open apertures past their posts. It is best to employ a means of some kind whereby
the sheets may be locked in place. The form of lock D shown in the drawings is
convenient for the purpose. In this lock ratchet posts g secured to the hinged rear
margin of the back A fit in the lock casing secured to the hinged rear margin of
the back B. Any means for locking the posts for the apertures of the sheets in
place, however, may be used and instead of broad backs such as shown, backs
which are simply binding strips may be used.
While we have shown our complete invention in what we believe to be the best
form, it is to be understood that various changes which will readily suggest
themselves to anyone skilled in the art could be made without departing from the
broad spirit of the invention. For example, one, two or more open and one, two or
more closed apertures in each sheet may be used with one, two or more posts for
the closed apertures and one, two or more posts for the open apertures. Again, the
invention contemplates non-extensible as well as extensible posts for the open
apertures.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a binder, the combination of one or more extensible posts fixed to a
suitable back and adapted to pass through an aperture or apertures in a sheet of
paper or other fabric, and one or more removable posts adapted to pass through
another aperture or other apertures in the sheet, substantially as set forth.
2. In a binder, the combination of one or more extensible posts whose members
are permanently connected together fixed to a suitable back and adapted to pass
through an aperture or apertures in a sheet of paper or other fabric, and one or
more removable posts adapted to pass through another aperture or other apertures
in the sheet, substantially as set forth.
3. In a binder, the combination of one or more extensible posts fixed to a
suitable back and adapted to pass through an aperture or apertures in a sheet of

page_text: paper or other fabric, and one or more removable posts engaging the back adapted
to pass through another aperture or other apertures in the sheet, substantially as
set forth.
4. In a binder, the combination of one or more extensible posts fixed to a
suitable back and adapted to pass through an aperture or apertures in a sheet of
paper or other fabric, one or more removable posts adapted to pass through
another aperture or other apertures in the sheet, and means for locking the posts
in place, substantially as set forth.
5. In a binder, the combination of one or more extensible posts fixed to a
suitable back, said posts or each of them comprising a tube fixed at one end to the
back and a stud sliding therein, said post or posts adapted to engage an aperture
or apertures in a sheet of paper or other fabric, with one or more removable posts
adapted to pass through another aperture or apertures in the sheet, substantially as
set forth.
6. A sheet of paper or other fabric adapted to be secured in a binder and
provided with one or more open apertures and one or more closed apertures, said
apertures adapted to engage posts in the binder whereby when the post or posts
engaging the closed aperture or apertures are disengaged the sheet may be with-
drawn from the binder or inserted in its proper place in the binder without
removing the post or posts engaging the open aperture or apertures from their
proper places, substantially as set forth.
7. A sheet of paper or other fabric adapted to be secured in a binder and
provided with two closed and two open apertures, each adapted to engage a
separate post of the binder whereby when the posts engaging the closed apertures
are disengaged a sheet may be withdrawn from the binder or inserted in its proper
place in the binder without removing the posts engaging from the open apertures
from their proper places, substantially as set forth.
8. The combination with a binder provided with two posts, of a plurality of
sheets of paper or other fabric, each sheet being provided with an open aperture
and a closed aperture, one of said posts engaging the open apertures of the sheets
and the other post engaging the closed apertures, and. removable therefrom,
whereby when the post engaging the closed apertures is removed from said
apertures a sheet may be disengaged from the other post by slipping its open
aperture off the other post and without displacing the remaining sheets from their
proper position, substantially as set forth.
9. The combination of a binder provided with a suitable back and two posts,
with a plurality of sheets of paper or other fabric, each sheet being provided with
an open aperture and a closed aperture, one of said posts passing through the open
apertures of the sheets and so connected to the back that it cannot be withdrawn
from said apertures, the other part passing through the closed apertures and adapted
to be withdrawn therefrom, whereby when the post passing through the closed
apertures is withdrawn therefrom a sheet may be withdrawn from the binder
without displacing the other sheets by slipping its open aperture off the other
post, substantially as set forth.
10. The combination of a binder provided with a suitable back and two posts,
with a plurality of sheets of paper or other fabric, each sheet being provided with
an open aperture and a closed aperture, one of said posts being extensible and
passing through the open apertures of the sheets and so connected to the back
that it cannot be withdrawn from said apertures, the other post passing through
the closed apertures and adapted to be withdrawn therefrom, whereby when the
post passing through the closed apertures is withdrawn therefrom a sheet may be
withdrawn from the binder without displacing the other sheets by slipping its open
aperture off the other post, substantially as set forth.
11. The combination with a binder provided with two posts, of a plurality of
sheets of paper or other fabric, each sheet being provided with an open aperture
and a closed aperture, one of said posts engaging the open apertures of the sheets
and the other post engaging the closed apertures and removable therefrom, and

page_text: means for locking the posts in said apertures whereby when the post engaging the
closed apertures is removed from said apertures a sheet may be disengaged
from the other post by slipping its open aperture off the other post and
without displacing the remaining sheets from their proper position, substantially
as set forth.
12. The combination of a binder provided with a suitable back and two posts,
with a plurality of sheets of paper or other fabric, each sheet being provided with
an open aperture and a closed aperture, one of said posts passing through the open
apertures of the sheets and so connected to the back that it cannot be withdrawn
from said apertures, the other post passing through the closed apertures and
adapted to be withdrawn therefrom, and means for locking the posts in said
apertures whereby when the post passing through the closed apertures is with-
drawn therefrom a sheet may be withdrawn from the binder without displacing
the other sheets by slipping its open aperture off the other post, substantially as
set forth.
13. In a binder the combination of a back, two extensible posts each comprising
a tube fixed to the back and a stud sliding therein, said studs being connected
together at their outer ends, with two other posts each comprising a tube fixed to
the back and a removable stud entering said tube, and means for locking the posts
in place, substantially as set forth.
14. In a binder the combination of a back, two extensible posts each comprising
a tube fixed to the back and a stud sliding therein, said studs being connected
together at their outer ends, with two other posts each comprising a tube fixed to
the back and a removable stud entering said tube, means for locking the posts in
place, and a plurality of sheets of paper or other fabric each provided with two
open apertures and two closed apertures, said open apertures being engaged by the
extensible posts and said closed apertures being engaged by the removable posts,
whereby when the removable posts are removed a sheet may be disengaged from
. the binder or inserted therein by slipping its open aperture off or on the extensible
post, substantially as set forth.
15. In a binder the combination of two backs, one or more extensible posts
having their opposite ends connected to the backs, and adapted to pass through an
open aperture or apertures of a sheet of paper or other fabric, and one or more
posts adapted to pass through a closed aperture or apertures of said sheet and
removable therefrom, and arranged to be secured in place between the covers,
substantially as set forth.
1
1800
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.