Improvements in or relating to Jacquard Mechanism.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Jacquard Mechanism.
We, LUDWIG KLEINBERG Banker and JAN SZCZEPANIK Civil Engineer both of
1 Bartensteingasse, 16, Vienna in the Empire of Austria, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The present invention relates to weaving looms, in which the shedding motion is
controlled electrically in such manner, that by means of a pattern card, on which
electrical conductors and non-conductors alternate in accordance with the design to be
produced, electric circuits are closed or interrupted, in which are inserted electro-
imagnets controlling the hooks so that the latter are moved within or beyond the reach
of the griffe-knives.
Looms of this kind are well-known, but they have not hitherto been in general use
owing to the fact that the application of the before-mentioned electric arrangements to
the old jacquards was impossible without substantial alteration of their construction.
The object of the present invention is to avoid that drawback and to make it possible
to use small and therefore cheap electro-magnets, the number of which is in many
cases a considerable one, and to protect the pattern card from undue wear as much as
possible.
According to this invention the electro-magnets, do not directly operate the hooks
or their needles but operate on spring tongues or blades which engage the needles.
These electro-magnets are arranged on movable frames which, when the hook- or
dropper cage descends are operated in such manner, that all the electro-magnets are
brought so near to the corresponding tongues or blades that secure holding of the
latter is obtained, even when comparatively weak electro-magnets are used.
When the tongues or blades are attracted the corresponding needles which are
under spring pressure are released so that corresponding hooks are brought within
reach of the griffe-knives and thus raised.
The raised needles must after each stroke be brought back to their original position.
For this purpose the needles are guided through a movable comb or spring box
which is moved during the descent of the hook cage in such way as to bring the
needles against the tongues or blades which latter then grasp the needles and hold
them fast.
To avoid wear in consequence of the contacts sliding on the pattern card, an
arrangement is provided for lifting the contacts off the pattern card during its
movement and applying them only when said pattern card is at rest.
The arrangement of the hooks or droppers and needles is the same as in Jacquard
looms of old construction; with the exception that the needles are made of hook shape
at their back ends.
In the beginning the needles are held fast by the before-mentioned spring tongues
or blades which engage with their hooked extremities and form the armatures of the
electro-magnets.
These electro-magnets are fixed to movable frames which are guided vertically in
the machine frame.
In the present example we will describe the machine as provided with four rows of
needles; these are arranged one over another and two frames are provided for the

page_text: electro-magnets, one above and the other below the needles, each frame carrying two-
series of electro-magnets.
When the electro-magnets are excited in a manner hereinafter described, they
attract the corresponding spring blades forming the armature whereby the needles are
released and the springs move the needles away from the blades. The corresponding
hooks or droppers are thereby brought within reach of griffe knives of the knife-box
and are raised by these knives.
When the dropper cage is lowered the withdrawn needles must be brought back to
their original position. This is effected by tappets secured to the dropper cage, which
tappets are provided with inclined surfaces and in their descent strike against pawls
jointed to the horizontally movable spring box, whereby said pawls as well as the
spring-box are moved towards the hooked extremities of the needles. The needles are
provided with collars which rest against the spring-box; these needles are pushed
towards the spring-blades so that the latter engage again with the hooked
extremities and the springs remain in compression.
When the dropper cage ascends the tappets turn the pawls upon their pivots without
moving the spring-box.
The distribution of current is effected by a pattern card which is in the form of an
endless conducting belt of which portions alternate in a certain order with non-
conducting strips in accordance with the design to be woven.
The pattern card is guided between two rollers and over a board or table provided
with an electrically-conducting bar, the latter being connected to one pole of the
source of electricity, the other pole of which is connected to the electro-magnets.
The latter are electrically connected to a contact arranged above the pattern card.
The last mentioned contacts are formed by springy conducting wires held fast
between two,insulating boards.
The pattern card is operated by mechanism acting on one of the two rollers between
which the card is guided this switch being actuated by the dropper cage either directly
or through a beam.
To enable small and cheap electro-magnets to be used, they are when excited (during
the descent of the dropper cage) moved nearer to the spring blades. This is effected
by the dropper cage which operates levers by means of cams or tappets, whereby the
electro-magnet carrying-frames and the electro-magnets themselves are moved towards.
the spring blades.
When the dropper cage descends the electro-magnet carrying frames return to their
original position by gravity or by the action of springs.
To prevent undue wear of the pattern card the before-mentioned contacts are lifted
off said pattern card during its movement.
This can be effected by any movable part of the loom, for instance by levers which
are connected for this purpose with the insulating boards in which the contacts are
mounted.
Before each electro-magnet or series of electro-magnets is switched into circuit a
resistance in the form of an incandescent lamp or the like and a strong current are
employed for preventing the current from flowing through only some of the electro-
magnets and not through the others.
The pattern card may be made with flat boards in-tead of in the form of an
endless belt.
Dated this 3rd day of June 1896
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Jacquard Mechanism.
We, LUDWIG KLEINBERG, Banker, and JAN SZCZEPANIK, Civil Engineer, of
1 Bartensteingasse 16 Vienna in the Empire of Austria do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to weaving looms in which the shedding motion is
controlled electrically in such manner that by means of a pattern card, on which
electrical conducting and non-conducting parts alternate in accordance with the design
to be produced electric circuits are closed or interrupted, in which are inserted
electro-magnets controlling the hooks so that the latter are moved within or beyond
the reach of the griffe-knives.
Looms of this kind are well known, but they have not hitherto been in general use
owing to the fact that the application of the before mentioned electric arrangements to
the old jacquards was impossible without substantial alteration of their construction.
The object of the present invention is to avoid that drawback and to make it possible
to use small and therefore cheap electro magnets, the number of which is in many
cases considerable and to protect the pattern card from undue wear as much as
possible.
According to this invention the electro magnets do not directly operate the hooks
or their needles but operate on springs tongues or blades which engage the needles.
These electro magnets are arranged on movable frames which, when the hook or
dropper cage descends are operated in such manner, that all the electro magnets are
brought so near to the corresponding tongues or blades that secure holding of the latter
is obtained even when comparatively weak electro-magnets are used.
When the tongues or blades are attracted the corresponding needles which are under
spring pressure are released so that corresponding hooks are brought within reach of
the griffe knives and thus raised.
The raised needles inust after each stroke be brought back to their original
position.
For this purpose the needles are guided through a movable comb or spring box
which is moved, during the descent of the hook cage in such way as to bring the
needles against the tongues or blades which latter then grasp the needles and hold
them fast.
To avoid wear in consequence of the contacts sliding on the pattern cards, an
arrangement is provided for lifting the contacts off the pattern card during its
movement and applying them only when said pattern card is at rest.
In the accompanying drawing a known form of jacquard is represented arranged
acccording to the present invention.
In this drawing.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the jacquard in the direction of the needles.
Fig. 2 shows the jacquard in end elevation partly in section.
Fig. 3 shows the jacquard in combination with the new additional parts.
Figs. 4 and 5 show the arrangement of sliding contacts above the pattern card
which is in the form of an endless belt.
Fig. 6 illustrates the resistances in front of the electro-magnets for the purpose
hereinafter described.
It will be seen from the drawings that the arrangement of hooks or droppers a
and of the needles is the same as in Jacquard looms of known construction with
the exception that the needles are made of hook shape at their back ends b'.
In the beginning the needles are held fast by tongues or blades e which engage

page_text: nooked extremities and form or are connected to the arinatures of
the electro magnets.
These electromagnets d are attached to movable frames e which are guided
vertically in the grooves f¹ of the standards by means of flanges el (Fig. 2).
In the present case four rows of needles are arranged one over another and
two frames are provided for the electromagnets, one above and the other below
the needles beach frame carrying two series of electromagnets d (Fig. 1).
When the electromagnets are excited in a manner hereinafter described they
attract their corresponding spring blades e forming the armatures. whereby the
hook ends of the needles are released, the springs move the needles from the
blades c. The corresponding hooks or droppers a are brought thereby within
reach of the griffe knives of the dropper cage & and are raised by these knives.
When the dropper cage is lowered the withdrawn needles & must be brought back
to their original position. This is effected by tappets A secured to the dropper cage
which tappets are provided with inclined surfaces and in their descent strike against
pawls jointed to the horizontally movable spring box i whereby said pawls as
well as the spring box i are moved towards the hooked extremities of the needles.
The needles are provided with collars which rest against the spring box these.
needles are pushed towards the spring blades e so that the latter engage again
with the hooked extremities b' and the springs y remain in compression.
When the dropper cage & ascends the tappets 4 turn the pawls upon their pivots ²
without moving the spring box i.
The distribution of current is effected by a pattern card which is in the form of
an endless conducting belt of which the conducting portions alternate in a certain
order with non-conducting portions 2 in accordance with the design to be
woven (Fig. 5).
The pattern card is guided between two rollers k and 1 (Fig. 2) and over a board
or table m (Fig. 5) provided with an electrically conducting bar m' the latter being
connected to one pole of the source of electricity, the other pole of which is connected
to the electro-magnets d. The latter are electrically connected to a contact o arranged
above the pattern card.
The contacts are formed by spring conducting wires secured between two
insulating boards or plates of as shown in Figure 5.
The switching into circuit of the pattern card is effected by a switch mechanism p
acting on the roller k which switch mechanism is actuated by the dropper cage or
by a beam 3 actuated by the dropper cage as can be seen in Fig. 1.
To enable small and cheap electromagnets to be used they are when excited (during
the descent of the dropper cage) moved nearer to the spring blades c. This is
effected by the dropper cage h which operates levers or by means of
cams and y whereby the electromagnet frames e and therefore the electromagnets d
are moved towards the spring blades c.
When the dropper cage descends the electromagnet frames e return to their
original position by gravity or by the action of springs s.
To prevent undue wear of the pattern card ; the contacts o are lifted off said
pattern card during its movement..
This can be effected by any suitable part of the loom for instance by the levers
which are connected for this purpose with the insulating boards o in which the
contacts are mounted (Figs. 2 and 4).
Before each electromagnet or series of electromagnets is inserted a resistance (Fig. 6)
which may be an incandescent lamp or the like, in order that a sufficiently strong
nain current may be employed to enable all the electro magnets to be actuated it
being necessary to interpose a resistance between the main strong current and each
electromagnet for the purpose of directing currents of more or less equal strength
into each of the electro magnets d d d. If no resistance were provided the current
on branching off from the line would of course mainly pass through the first
electro magnet and a feeble current would pass through the second electro magnet
and so on so that the last electro magnets would perhaps receive no current at all.

page_text: The insertion of the resistances t obviates this inconvenience by regulating the
amount of the current fed to the several electro magnets so that each receives a
current of approximately the same strength.
The pattern card may form flat boards instead of an endless belt.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-.
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In looms for weaving in which the shedding motion is produced electrically
the arrangement of movable electromagnets which are moved towards their armatures.
either before or during their excitement whereby the hooked armatures release the
hooked ends of the needles which are then moved under the action of springs and
so cause the corresponding hooks or droppers to come in engagement with the griffe-.
knives substantially as described.
2. In looms for weaving of the kind described the arrangement of a movable spring
box as i which is moved in the direction of the needles by the dropper cage as
during the latter's descent whereby the needles which had previously been moved
forward are returned by the said spring box into engagement with their hooked
armatures and held retracted substantially as described.
3. In looms for weaving of the kind described the arrangement of contacts o which
during the movement of the pattern card are held raised by means of a movable part
of the loom such as by the lever whereby undue wear of the pattern card is avoided
substantially as described.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts for operating the shedding motion of
looms substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Doted this 12th day of March 1896
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants..