A NEW AND USEFUL PAPER BAG MACHINE
Year: 1886

page_text: We, FELIX W. LEINBACH, CLARENCE A. WOLLE, and EDWARD H. BRUNNER,
all of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, one of the United States of America, said Leinbach
and said Wolle being business men, and said Brunner being a machinist, do hereby.
declare the nature of our invention for A NEW AND USEFUL PAPER BAG MACHINE,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This machine automatically manufactures a roll of paper into square bottom
paper bags, like that shown in Figure 1, or like that shown in Figure 2; and, with
some changes, it can be used to thus manufacture satchel bottom paper bags, like
that shown in Figure 3, of the accompanying drawings. Figs. 4 to 27 are diagrams
illustrating the operations resorted to in forming the bag, only such parts of the
machine being shown as are necessary for such illustration. Figs. 28 and 29 show
a longitudinal section of the machine; Figs. 30 and 31 a plan view of the same
with some of the parts removed; and Figs. 32, 33 and 34, detached views of
various parts of the machine, illustrating features of our invention.
The devices for forming the tube with tucked-in sides from a sheet of paper will
be first described; a being the plate over which the tube is formed, and a¹ the
upper plate, having flanges a², which serve to form the V-shaped tuck in the paper,
as shown in Fig. 4, this tuck being guided by a bent plate a³, and finally flattened'
and bent beneath the plate a, by the action of a plate a', Fig. 6, said plate also
causing the lapping of the edges of the under layer of paper to complete the tube,
one of said edges having been previously pasted, so that when pressure is applied
to the overlapping fold the edges will be secured together.
A thumb-notch is cut in the upper ply of the tube by means of a cutter b, of the
proper shape, carried in the present instance by a rotating segment b². To prevent
the clogging of this cutter, which is likely to take place, we use an ejector, which
consists of a lever 62, adapted to a slot in the segment b and pivoted to said
segment. One arm of the lever is connected to a plunger bs, adapted to fit snugly,
but slide freely, within the cutter b, this plunger being pressed inward by the
action of a spring b, on the lever b², Fig. 32, so as to cause the opposite end of the
lever b² to project from the slot in the segment, whereby as the latter revolves the
projecting end of the lever by contact with the tube is pressed inward, thus causing
an outward movement of the plate 6³ and the éjection of the paper from the cutter.
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page_text: (See Fig. 6.) As the tube is drawn forward, it leaves the former and passes over
a plate d, the latter occupying a position between the lower folds of the tucks and
the bottom ply of the tube, as shown in Fig. 7. This enables us to impart pressure
to the tucks before the tube reaches the feed-rolls, such pressure being imparted by
means of a bar d', extending transversely across the tube and having recesses d²,
as shown in Fig. 7, so that while each tuck is subjected to pressure, the upper fold
and the inner or central fold of said tuck are not flattened, the object of this being
to permit the proper action, at a subsequent stage of the operation, of a presser-
plate for distending the mouth of the tube. For the same reason the feed-rolls e,
Fig. 8, are grooved at points in line with the upper and inner folds of the tucks. It
is advisable, however, to press the lower fold of the tuck so that the bottom lap of
the tube will lie flat on the table or bed, and not interfere with the action of the
side tuck-folders; hence we arrange adjacent to the feed-rolls e, a bar f, which
carries spring-presser blades f¹, which press upon and flatten the lower fold of the
tuck as the tube is drawn forward. (See Fig. 8.) From the feed-rolls the tube
passes to the severing-rolls g, Fig. 9, the upper of said rolls carrying a severing-
knife g', and the lower roll having a yielding block g², serving as a cutting-bed for
the knife, so that as the tube passes between the rollers it is cut into blanks of the
proper length for the bags to be produced. The severing-rolls also serve to feed
the tube, and are grooved for the same reason as the feed-rolls e.
From the severing-rolls, the blank passes between the table i and the presser-
plate ; the latter being elevated until sufficient of the blank has passed beyond
the forward edge of the plate, to furnish material for the bottom of the bag. Then
the plate h, is depressed upon the blank, and thus causes the mouth of the latter to
gap open, as shown in Fig. 10, and also holds the blank firmly down upon the
table, during the folding of the diamond, as shown in Figs. 11, 12 and 13. The
plate h, is worked by a pair of bars, one end of each of which is slotted and
adapted to a guiding pin on the adjacont side of the frame, and the other end of
which is alternately raised and lowered by a cam on a shaft.
The arms m, are pivoted to the plate h, and the outer end of each of those.arms
carries a side tuck-folder, consisting of a rigid plate m¹, and a hinged plate m², the
lattor being, in the present instance, a skeleton plate of wire. The construction of
one of these side tuck-folders is shown in Figs. 10ª, and 10%, and the other one is a
counterpart thereof. When the plate h descends upon the blank, the arms m are
in the retracted positions, shown in Fig. 10; but when the tucks have been opened,
by the gaping of the mouth of the blank, the arms m move inward, so as to carry
the side tuck-folders into the tucks, as shown in Fig. 11. The plate h, after
descending upon the blank, moves forward with the same, and the plates m², arc
thus carried into collision with the fixed fingers m³, respectively, and are thus
caused to turn backward upon their hinges, from the position shown in Fig. 10ª,
through that shown in Fig. 10b, to that indicated in Fig. 13. This folding backward
of both plates m², opens out the mouth of the blank, while the lower ply thereof is
held down upon the table i, by the presser n, and while the presser plate h, holds
down the body of the blank, and thus defines the line upon which the plates m²,
fold the upper ply of the blank backward upon itself, as shown in Fig. 12. When
the folding backward of the plates m², is completed, the opened-out mouth of the
blank of Fig. 12, is folded down nearly into the diamond form of Fig. 13; and that
diamond form is completed, by joint operation of the rod p, the point of which is
carried rearward, over the center of the diamond, so as to press down upon the rear
part thereof, and the presser-plates p¹, the lower surfaces of which press down upon
the two sides of the diamond, respectively. The rod p, is shown in Figs. 14 and 15;
and in Fig. 10, the two presser-plates p¹, are shown, but with the rod omitted from
its place, between them, in order to avoid confusion of drawing. The plates p¹ are
worked by a cam, or by a pair of cams on a shaft under the arms which sustain
the plates.
During these operations, it should be understood, the blank has been moving
continually forward, and before the side-folders had commenced to act, the front

page_text: end of the blank had been caught and held by a nipper 8, on a drum S, Fig. 17, and
as the latter rotates the blank is carried round by it, and the edges of the blank are
acted upon in succession by nippers t and w, also carried by and moving with the
drum, Fig. 18. These nippers t and ware so far apart, and the distance between
them is such in relation to the dimensions of the diamond fold on the bag-blank,
that the nippers t will define the limits of the first of the finishing flaps x of the
bag-bottom, while the nippers w will define the limits of the last flap x³, of the
same.
As the blank is carried around the drum S, paste is deposited along the center of
the diamond fold by means of a paste-roll t, Fig. 18. As soon as the point of the
diamond fold has passed beneath the paste-roll, it is released from the control of the
nipper s, and is thrown out from the roll S by the action of a creasing-blade T¹,
carried by the shaft of the paste-roll and acting in conjunction with a recess in the
roll S, this recess being immediately in advance of the nippers t, as shown in
Fig. 19. The point of the diamond fold is thus thrown out over a roller V,
Fig. 20, and as the drum S continues to rotate the flap is folded by the joint
action of said roller and the drum S and its nippers t as shown in Fig. 21. As
soon as the nippers t have passed the roller V, they are retracted, so as to free from
the control of the drum S all that portion of the partially-folded bottom in advance
of the nippers w. As the drum S rotates this free projecting portion of the blank
strikes a pivoted deflecting-plate W, Figs. 22 and 23, and is thus thrown outward,
as shown in Fig. 24, so that as the nippers w advance they will form.the finishing
fold a¹, Fig. 25, the plate W yielding to permit this folding of the blank, as shown
in Figs. 26 and 27. As the plate W swings upward that portion of the partially-
formed bottom of the bag resting on said plate is brought into contact with.
a guard-plate W₁, and the flap x is thereby pressed down and the secure fastening
of the same insured. This guard-plate W₁, may, if desired, forn part of the
plate W, as shown in Fig. 27. The previously folded portion of the bottom, with
the final flap, are then drawn by the nippers w between the drum S and a roller X,
whereby the final pressure is imparted and the formation of the bottom completed,
the nippers being then retracted, so as to release the finished bag, which falls into
a suitable receptacle, or on to an endless belt which conveys it to a drying-room.
On reference to Figs. 28, 29, 30 and 31 it will be observed that the various
rollers and drums of the machine are driven from the main shaft A by means of
spur and bevel gearing, the spindles of the various rollers and drums being adapted
to suitable bearings on the frame B of the machine. The arms m, vibrate with
pivots that pass through the plate ; and they are caused thus to vibrate by arms
fixed to those pivots under those plates, and worked by cams, along the inclined
planes of which they are drawn by the forward and the backward movements of
the plate h.
The pressers p¹ are carried by a pivoted frame p², to a stud p³, on which is hung
the rod p, the latter being curved, and the outer end of the same being free to slide
in an eye p, on a fixed bracket p³. When the frame p2 is elevated as shown
in Fig. 14, the rod p is retracted, as shown; but as the said frame p² descends the
relation of the stud p³ to the eye p' is changed, and as the upper end of the rod p
is controlled by said eye the rod is caused to turn on its pivot, so as to project the
lower end of the rod, as shown in Fig. 15, and thus flatten out the rear point of
the diamond fold.
The nippers is constructed as shown in Fig. 33, being secured to a shaft s¹,
which turns in bearings in plates 82 on the ends of the drum S, the end of the
shaft having an arm 83, which is acted upon by suitable cams on the frame of the
machine, these cams serving to commence the opening or closing of the nipper, and
the completion of the movement being effected by the action of springs 8* on an
angular plate 8, carried by the shaft.
The operation of the nippers wand t is effected by the means shown in Fig. 34.
Each nipper is hung to the slotted end of a tube w¹, let into an opening in the end
of the drum, the nippers working in slots in the drum. Each nipper has a V-shaped

page_text: projection, which is acted upon by a spring-bolt w2, in the tube w¹, and on each,
nipper is a pin w³, adapted to a cam-slot in a collar 20', secured to a shaft or
spindle w, which is adapted to bearings in end plates on the drum, and has
a projecting end with an arm wo, for the action of cams on the frame, these cams,
as in the case of the nipper s, serving to start the movement of the nippers in either
direction, and the movement being completed by the action of the spring-bolts w³
on the V-shaped projections of the nippers.
While these devices for operating the nippers are preferred, they are not essential
to our invention, as various devices for causing the opening and closing of the
nippers may be devised.
Other modifications of the finishing end of the machine may also be made within
the scope of our invention. For instance, it is not essential that the deflecting-
plate W should be used in every case or that rollers V and X should be used for
pressing down the folds x and x¹ of the bag-bottom, as rods or bars may be used in
place of the rollers in some cases, and, instead of employing a drum S, for carrying
the nippers, the latter may be combined with an endless belt.
.
This machine is particularly intended for the manufacture of a square-bottomed
bag from a tube with tucked sides, such as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The bag shown
in Fig. 1 has the primary fold for the bottom of the usual diamond shape, but in
making the bag Fig. 2, the tube has longitudinal incisions formed in it on each side
of the center, so as to form quadrangular tongues, as shown at each point of the
diamond fold.
In making an ordinary satchel-bottomed bag from a plain tube, the tube-forming
devices shown will be replaced by a plain former, and the side tuck-folders will be
removed or thrown out of action, the other parts remaining the same,
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we jointly claim is :
1. The combination of a rotating drum or segment having a cutter b, and slotted
as described, with the pivoted ejector-lever 62, as set forth.
2. The combination of the plate d, with presser bar d¹, having recesses d²,
whereby pressure of the upper and inner folds of the tuck of the tube is prevented,
as set forth.
3. The combination of mechanism, substantially as described, for forming a tube
with tucked sides, with feed-rolls, recessed as described, whereby the upper and
inner folds of the tucks are relieved from pressure, as set forth.
4. The combination of feed-rolls, recessed as described, so as to feed the tucked
tube without pressing the edges of the folds, with presser-plates f¹, whereby the
lower folds of the said tucks are flattened at the edges without affecting the upper
folds, as set forth..
5. The two counterpart side tuck-folders, each consisting of the fixed plate m¹,
and the hinged plate m³, substantially as described in the foregoing, specification,
and shown in Figs. 10° and 10° of the accompanying drawings.
6. The combination of the presser-plate, and the side tuck-folders, with the
guide n, for the forward end of the diamond fold, as specified.
7. The combination of the presser p' with the rod p, actuated by and in advance
of the said presser p', as set forth.
8. The combination of a bag-blank carrier with laterally-operating edge-nippers t
for determining the line of fold of the flap x, and with a creasing-blade, as set
forth.
9. The combination, in a paper bag machine, of mechanism for forming the
primary or diamond fold of the bag-bottom, with fold-completing mechanism
comprising the following elements: a drum S, edge-nippers t and w thereon,
mechanism for operating said nippers, a deflector V, located as described, so as to
press the advance point of the diamond over the mippers t and on to the body, and
a deflector W, located as described, whereby it folds the portion of the bottom in

page_text: advance of the nippers w back over the latter and on to the rear point of the
diamond, as set forth.
10. The combination of the bag-blank carrier, edge nippers for determining the
line of fold of the final flap c¹, a deflector W, and a presser ✗, as set forth..
11. The combination of the bag-blank carrier and its nippers with the deflector W
and guard-plate W₁, as set forth.
12. The combination of the drum, edge-nippers W, and presser ✗, with pivoted
deflecting-plate W, as set forth.
13. The combination of the drum S, with the nippers and w, pivoted in slots
in said drum the cam-collars w₁, adapted to act upon pins on said nippers, and
spring-plates w² acting on the nippers to complete the closing of the same.
14. The combination of the presser-plate h, and the two side tuck-folders,
substantially as described.