Improvements in Magneto Electric Apparatus for Indicating and Recording Purposes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 18th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 10th Apr., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
PROVISIONAL SIMOITTUATIO
Improvements in Magneto Electric Apparatus for Indicating and
Recording Purposes.
I, REGINALD PAGE WILSON, of 68, Victoria Street, Westminster, in the
County of London, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The objects of my invention are to provide a simple appliance for indicating and
recording variations in the difference of potential across any two points in an electric
circuit, or the amount of current passing through, or that has passed through at any
time, or the total energy absorbed in any such circuit and so forth.
In carrying out my invention I utilise the principle that when a disc or closed
conductor of manganin copper or other suitable metal is rotated in a permanent
and constant magnetic field a reactive effect on that field is produced which is
directly proportional to the speed at which the said disc is rotated, and conversely
when a metallic disc as described is rotated at constant speed in a magnetic field of
varying intensity the reactive effect upon the field varies in direct proportion to
the variations in its intensity.
According to my invention I employ and adapt to the purposes referred to the
above principle in the following way.
I mount the metallic disc upon a shaft carried in suitable bearings and driven at
any required speed. This disc runs in a magnetic field produced by one or more
permanent or electro-magnets preferably of the horse-shoe type and embracing a
part of the disc and mounted upon one end of a rocking lever or oscillating structure
of suitable kind adequately balanced and compensated for temperature variation.
The said moving structure is fitted upon the same spindle as the disc or otherwise
conveniently, and upon the other end of the same lever I mount one or more
differential electro-magnets also preferably of the same type, and connected to and
energised by the dynamo one or other of whose functions the appliance indicates or
records. Thus the disc at diametrically opposite points or parts runs between the
poles or in the fields of both the permanent or electro-magnets and the differential
electro-magnet or magnets carried as described by the oscillating structure which
is consequently capable of change of position in regard to the disc.
In adapting my invention to instruments for recording volts, amperes, or watts,
the metal disc above referred to is driven at a constant speed by some suitable
mechanism such as a clock which also actuates one or more drums carrying the
paper on which the record is to be made. The extent of the movement of the
rocking lever carrying the necessary electro-magnet or magnets is an indication of
the extent of the variation in the volts, amperes, or watts in the circuit supplying
the current for the electro-magnets, and this indication may be recorded graphically
on paper or in any convenient manner by means of a pencil or ink well such as is
commonly used suitably attached to the lever.
In all the above devices it may be necessary to so construct the rocking lever
that the displacement of the mechanism to be actuated shall be equal or propor-
tional to the radial displacement of the controlling magnet and rocking lever, and
not to the sine of the angle through which it moves. This may be effected in any
of the ordinary methods which need not be enumerated here.

page_text: In adapting my invention to a maximum demand meter the metal disc may be
rotated by means of a clock which may if desired be actuated electrically or by an
electro-motor or other suitable device, or it may be attached to any appropriate
form of motor meter, but the arrangement of the moving arm carrying the
permanent maguet must necessarily be modified to suit the circumstances in each
case.
For the present purpose it will be sufficient to state that I propose to substitute
for the rocking lever a balanced arm arranged coaxially in relation to the disc and
provided with a spring or equivalent tending to oppose its movement of rotation.
To obtain the record of the maximum demand, i.e., the maximum current passing
through the meter, I attach to the magnet, and preferably at right angles to the
plane in which it inoves, a pencil or ink well and provide under the same a suitably
graduated paper upon the surface of which the extent of the movement of the
magnet is recorded.
It will be observed that that in the case of a motor meter the position of the
magnet in relation to the disc remains constant, so that the retardation produced
by the magnet is always proportional to the speed at all loads and therefore does
not interfere with the usual regulation and calibration of the meter.
D
.
Improvements in Magneto Electric Apparatus for Indicating and
Recording Purposes.
I, REGINALD PAGE WILSON, of 68, Victoria Street, Westminster, in the
County of London, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The objects of my invention are to provide a simple appliance for indicating and
recording variations in the difference of potential across any two points in an
electric circuit, or the amount of current passing through, or that has passed
through at any time, or the total energy absorbed in any such circuit and so forth..
In carrying out my invention I utilise the principle that when a disc or closed
conductor of manganin copper or other suitable metal is rotated in a permanent
and constant magnetic field or the converse a reactive effect on that field is
produced which is directly proportional to the speed at which the said disc is
rotated, and conversely when a metallic disc as described is rotated at constant
speed in a magnetic field of varying intensity the reactive effect upon the field
varies in direct proportion to the variations in its intensity.
I will refer in fully describing my invention to the annexed drawings and
diagrams illustrative thereof.
According to my invention I employ and adapt to the purposes referred to the
above principle in the following way.
I mount the metallic disc upon a shaft carried in suitable bearings and driven at
any required speed. This disc runs in a magnetic field produced by one or more
permanent or electro-magnets preferably of the horse-shoe type and embracing a
part of the disc and mounted upon one end of a rocking lever or oscillating
structure of suitable kind adequately balanced and regulated by a spring or cam
and weight and compensated for temperature variation. The said moving structure
is fitted upon the same spindle as the disc or otherwise conveniently, and upon
the other end of the same lever or structure I mount one or more differential

page_text: electro-magnets also preferably of the same type, and connected to and energised by
the dynamo one or other of whose functions the appliance indicates or records. Such
an arrangement is shown in Fig. 1, which is a cross sectional view partly in
elevation of a convenient form thereof. D is the metallic disc mounted upon and
rotated by shaft S. M represents one of any number of permanent or electro-
magnets, and M' of differential magnets. F is the oscillating structure on which
they are all mounted, and which is rotatable on ball bearings s upon the fixed
spindle Scarried by the standard A and controlled or regulated by the coiled
spring R. Thus the disc D at diametrically opposite points or parts runs between
the poles or in the fields of both the permanent or electro-magnets M and the
differential electro-magnet or magnets M¹ carried as described by the oscillating
structure F and consequently capable of change of position in regard to the disc D.
The extent of the movement of the rocking structure F carrying the necessary
number of electro-magnet or magnets M M¹ is controlled by the spring R and is an
indication of the extent of the variation in the volts, amperes, or watts in the circuit
supplying the current for the electro-magnets, and this indication may be recorded
graphically on paper as shown or in any convenient manner, by means of an arm
such as T a pencil such as B or ink well such as is commonly used, suitably attached
to the lever or structure.
In adapting my invention to instruments for recording volts, amperes, or watts,
I arrange the apparatus practically as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, which are respectively
an elevation and a transverse section thereof. The metal disc D above referred to
is mounted as shown on the shaft S and driven at a constant speed by some suitable
mechanism such as the clock train shown at P p p¹ p', and such driving mechanism
also actuates one or more drums carrying the paper on which the record is to
be made; these are not shown, being simple and known appliances. F is the
rocking lever or oscillating structure, and M M' its magnets, which are connected
to the dynamo X and the distributing circuit & as diagrammatically shown in
Fig. 3.
In all the above devices it may be necessary to so construct the rocking lever or
structure that the displacement of the mechanism to be actuated shall be equal
or proportional to the radial displacement of the controlling magnet and rocking
lever or structure and not to the sine of the angle through which it moves.
This
may be effected in any of the ordinary methods which need not be enumerated
here, but I find the arrangement illustrated to be efficient and simple. In this the
structure F is of disc form mounted sensitively on the standard A with a knife edge
at a and the extent of its oscillations is controlled by a regulating arrangement
consisting of a cam and weight as in Fig. 2, or by a spring R as in Fig. 3. To
said disc F I fix a quadrant supporting a steel band g; for convenience in fixing
the pencil B at g the band is turned so as to be parallel with the face of the
oscillating disc F, and a block b is interposed therein through which the screw
pencil B works; and the pressure of the pencil is regulated by a weight W Fig. 2
or by the controlling spring R, Fig. 3, or equivalent. The pencil point travels
over a flat sheet of paper or it may be smoked glass E, the horizontal travel of the
paper being effected by the above mentioned clock-driven paper drums.
In adapting my invention to a maximum demand meter, the metal disc may be
rotated by means of a clock which may if desired be actuated electrically or by an
electro-motor or other suitable device, or it may be attached to any appropriate
form of motor meter, but the arrangement of the moving arm carrying the
permanent or electro-magnet or magnets must necessarily be modified to suit the
circumstances in each case.
In
I have illustrated in Fig. 4 an arrangement of maximum demand indicator.
this the rotary metallic disc D is attached to the armature shaft S of a motor
meter, and rotates between the poles of the permanent magnets M which are
mounted on the oscillating structure F. This latter is carried by a hollow shaft S¹
surrounding the said armature shaft S and running in ball bearings at s. The
extent of the movement of the oscillating structure F is regulated by the coiled

page_text: spring C fixed respectively to the hollow shaft S₁ and to an arm c provided with
adjusting screw c. The extent of the movement of the oscillating structure F is
indicated by means of two pointers 'B' B2, both of which are mounted co-axially
with the armature shaft S. The one B₁ serves to indicate the rate at which the
meter is registering at any time, and the other B2 which is moved thereby indicates
by its position the maximum rate which the meter has registered since it was last
set to zero. The movement of the maximum demand pointer B2 is independent of
the movement of the oscillating structure F until the speed attained by disc D
is such that the pointer B' engages with the pointer B2 and then moves it forward.
Within the casing which is provided with a glazed sight aperture, and behind the
two pointers B1 B2, is arranged on standards or bearers p a suitably graduated
scale P whereby the indications referred to may at all times be read off.
To obtain the record of the maximum demand, i.e., the maximum current passing
through the meter, I may attach to one of the magnets and preferably at right angles
to the plane in which it moves a pencil or ink well and provide under the same a
suitably graduated paper upon the surface of which the extent of the movement of
the magnet is recorded as above described in reference to Figs. 2 and 3.
It will be obvious that in place of mounting the oscillating structure on ball
bearings as above stated I may equivalently suspend it by means of a spiral spring,
or I may use' a double pivot or a bifilar suspension or otherwise modify the
disposition above specified without departing from the essence and nature of my
said invention.
It will be observed that in the case of a motor meter the position of. the magnet
or magnets in relation to the rotary disc remains constant in respect of its radial
distance so that the ultimate retardation produced by the magnet is always
proportional to the speed at all loads and therefore does not interfere with the usual
regulation and calibration of the meter.
I would here state that I am aware that the same result could be obtained in an
equivalent way by arranging the series coils of the meter to rotate about the
armature and by fixing the magnets, provided that the brushes carrying current to
the armature rotate with the series coils. I do not however find any advantage in
this method, and since it entails difficulties of construction and consequent expense
I prefer the simpler method above described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1. For use in graphically indicating and recording variations in electric current;
pressure, or energy, a magneto electric apparatus consisting essentially of a rotary
metallic disc or closed conductor suitably driven in combination with one or more
permanent or electro-magnets and with one or more differential electro-magnets
electrically connected to and energised by the dynamo (one or more of whose
functions the appliance indicates or records) said magnets being carried by an
adjacently disposed oscillating structure provided with a pencil or means such as
are above referred to for graphically recording its movements, substantially in the
manner set forth.
2. A magneto electric apparatus adapted to record volts, amperes, or watts,
substantially as described in reference to Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings.
3. The combination with an electricity meter of a maximum demand indicating
attachment thereto comprising essentially a rotary metallic disc or closed conductor
and oscillating magnetic structure and accessories arranged to co-operate with each
other, substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein set forth.
4. In a maximum demand electricity meter and indicator, the use in combination
with a metallic disc or closed conductor rotated by clockwork or by electrical
means of a magnetic field mounted upon an oscillating structure, suitably balanced
as required, and provided with indicating devices, substantially as above set forth
and illustrated in the drawings.

page_text: 5. A magneto electric apparatus adapted to indicate or graphically record
variations in the. rate at which energy has been absorbed in any electric circuit
within certain prearranged periods of time, substantially as herein described and
illustrated in the drawings.
For the Applicant,
J. C. CHAPMAN,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.
J. C. CHAPMAN,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.