Improvements in and connected with Ingot Moulds, such as are used in the Manufacture of Steel.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 12th Aug., 1891-Accepted, 12th Sept., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Ingot Moulds, such as are used
in the Manufacture of Steel.
I, JAMES RILEY, General Manager to The Steel Company of Scotland, Limited,
23 Royal Exchange Square, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows, that is to say :-
My said invention has for its object, by means of improved moulds and appliances
connected therewith, to effect the formation and manipulation of ingots of steel in
a better manner and with less labor and expense than heretofore.
It is generally the practice to cast steel ingots in moulds of tapering form and
wider at the bottom, and after an ingot has solidified the mould has to be lifted off
it and to be replaced after the ingot shall have been removed. In carrying out my
invention I dispense with the repeated removals and replacements of the ingot
mould, which mould is now frequently of great size and weight; and I make the
mould with its taper reversed as compared with ordinary ingot moulds so that its
bottom is the narrowest part internally.
According to one modification I provide for the convenient lifting of the ingot
out of the mould, by forming notches or cut-out parts in the top edges of the mould
and extending down sufficiently, filling-pieces being arranged for closing these
notches whilst the molten metal is being poured into the mould. When an ingot
is about to be lifted out, the filling pieces are taken out of the notches, and then a
powerful gripping instrument forming part of the lifting gear is made to close its
jaws on the parts of the ingot thus uncovered at the notches. In this way the ingot
is securely taken hold of and it is then easily lifted out of the mould. The sides of
the notches and the edges of the filling pieces are suitably shaped and adapted to
each other, as for example by angular indentations or by checks or flanges, but with
a general downward taper, allowing the filling pieces to be easily withdrawn in an
upward direction.
According to another modification whilst the main part of the mould is made
with a taper widening upwards a small part at the top is made in a separate piece
and with a narrower upper end so that it can be easily lifted off when the ingot
has become solid; and then the gripping instrument can take hold of the ingot by
its upper part thus uncovered.
The sole or bottom of the mould is made to consist of a separate plate to which
the body of the mould may be bolted. Where a single bottom plate is used I make
it with a raised part entering the body part and fitting the edges of the body part
with an inclined joint surface I however prefer to employ a separate inner plate
to fit the edges of the body of the mould, and I make this inner plate with a central
opening in which I place a piece f firebrick or other suitable refractory material
to receive the impact of the stream of molten steel when poured into the mould.
This impact piece is held down by the plate the aperture in which and the edges
of the piece are bevilled so that the aperture is smaller at the upper side.
Dated this Twelfth day of November 1890.
EDMUND HUNT,
Per pro D. Ferguson,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Ingot Moulds, such as are used
in the Manufacture of Steel.
JAMES RILEY, General Manager to The Steel Company of Scotland Limited,
23 Royal Exchange Square, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
My said invention has for its object, by means of improved moulds and appliances
connected therewith to effect the formation and manipulation of ingots of steel in
a better manner and with less labor and expense than heretofore.
It is generally the practice to cast steel ingots in moulds of tapering form, and
wider at the botton, and after an ingot has solidified the mould has to be lifted off
it and to be replaced after the ingot shall have been removed. In carrying out my
invention dispense with the repeated removals and replacements of the ingot
mould. which mould is now frequently of great size and weight; and I make the
mould with its taper reversed as compared with ordinary ingot moulds so that its
bottom is the narrowest part internally.
According to one modification I provide for the convenient lifting of the ingot
out of the mould by forming notches or cut out parts in the top edges of the mould
and extending down sufficiently to allow the gripping instrument forming part of
lifting gear to take hold of the ingots at the parts thus uncovered. Filling pieces
are arranged for closing these notches whilst the molten metal is being poured into
the mould.
According to another modification a small part at the top of the mould is made
in a separate piece and with a narrower upper end so that it can be easily lifted off
when the ingot has become solid; and then the gripping instrument can take hold
of the ingot by its upper part thus uncovered.
The sole or bottom of the mould is made to consist of a separate plate to which
the body of the mould may be bolted or otherwise fastened. Where a single bottom
plate is used make it with a raised part entering the body part and fitting the
edges of the body part with an inclined joint surface. I however may employ a
separate inner plate to fit the edges of the body of the mould and I may make this
inner plate with a central opening in which to place a piece of firebrick or suitable
refractory material to receive the impact of the stream of molten steel when poured
into the mould. This impact piece is held down by the plate the aperture in which
and the edges of the piece are bevilled so that the aperture is smaller at the
upper side.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto.append a sheet of explanatory drawings to
be hereinafter referred to and showing examples of my improved apparatus.
Figure, 1, of the drawings is a plan and Figures, 2, and 3, are longitudinal and
transverse vertical sections of one modification of my improved ingot mould.
Figures 4, 5, and 6, are similar views of a second modification.
In these drawings the same reference numerals are used to mark the same or
like parts wherever they are repeated.
In the modification shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3 the body, 10, of the mould is made
with its taper reversed as compared with ordinary ingot moulds so that its bottom is
the narrowest part internally and provision is made for lifting the ingot out of the
mould, 10, by forming notches or cut-out parts in the top edges of the mould, 10.
Filling-pieces, 11, are arranged for closing these notches whilst the molten metal is
being poured into the mould; but when an ingot is about to be lifted out, the filling
pieces, 11, are taken out of the notches, being made with staples, 12, to which
any suitable lifting gear may be attached; and then a powerful gripping instrument

page_text: forming part of the lifting gear is made to close its jaws on the parts of the ingot
thus uncovered at the notches. In this way the ingot is securely taken hold of
and is then easily lifted out of the mould, 10. The sides of the notches and the
edges of the filling-pieces, 11, are suitably shaped and adapted to each other by
angular indentations (or it might be by checks or flanges) but with a general
downward taper, allowing the filling-pieces to be easily withdrawn upwards.
In the modification shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6, whilst the main part of the
mould, 10, is made with an internal taper widening upwards a small part, 13, at
the top is made in a separate piece and with an internal taper narrowing upwards
so that it can be easily lifted off when the ingot has become solid. Whilst the
molten metal is being poured into mould, 10, the top part, 13, of the mould is held
in its place by means of bolts and nuts, 14, engaging with snugs, 15, formed on the
main part 10, and top part 13, of the mould. When an ingot is about to be lifted
out the nuts being slackened and the bolts, 14, removed the part, 13, is removed,
and the gripping instrument can take hold of the ingot by its upper part thus
uncovered.
The sole or bottom of the mould in both modifications consists of a separate
plate, 16, formed with a number of retaining snugs, 17, round its upper edge and it
is made with a convex upper surface entering the body part of the mould, 10, and
fitting the edges of the body part with an inclined joint surface. The convex
surface of the sole plate 16, makes the bottom of the ingot concave and of a form
which is found to yield a greatly reduced amount of scrap or waste metal as compared
with what is ordinarily produced in rolling or hammering steel ingots.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. Constructing an ingot mould, or the larger part thereof, with an internal taper
widening upwards to allow of the upward withdrawal of the ingot, and with
appliances facilitating the taking hold of the ingot substantially as hereinbefore
described.
2. Combining the parts of an ingot mould substantially as shown in Figures, 1, 2, 3,
of the accompanying drawings and as herein before described.
3. Combining the parts of an ingot mould substantially as shown in Figures, 4, 5, 6,
of the accompanying drawings and as hereinbefore described.
4. Combining with an ingot mould, a separate bottom plate having an upper
surface of a convex or other form entering more or less into the body part of
the mould and having an inclined joint surface substantially as hereinbefore
described.
Dated this Eleventh day of August 1891.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.