AN IMPROVED MAN
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Wilson, of the York Glass Company,
in the City of York, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED MANU-
Sealed the 14th January 1853, and dated the 20th November 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Wilson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 20th November 1852.
I. GEORGE WILSON, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES AND JARS" to
be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to manufacture glass bottles and jars
having a screw or threaded neck (to receive a cover or capsule) with
greater facility than heretofore.
According to a plan now in operation for producing these articles in
glass the body and neck of the vessel required is blown in a mould,
after which the neck is reheated, and a piece of melted glass spread
round it; upon this it is put into a powerful lever machine, and the
screw produced.

page_text: In carrying out my Invention I provide a pair of dies furnished with
a counterpart of the screw required to be produced upon the bottle or
jar neck, and apply such dies to the mould in which the bottle or jar
is to be formed; I then gather the glass on the end of the blowpipe in
the ordinary way, and blow the vessel to the form of the mould, and
thus produce the vessel complete, with a screw on the outside of the
neck, at one operation.
The same or similar dies may be applied to moulds of various sizes
and shapes, or in place of using removeable dies the mould itself may
be formed with a screw or threaded neck.
In either case the object of the Invention, viz., the production at
one operation of the bottle or jar with the screw or threaded neck
will be attained.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Wilson in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 20th May 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
GEORGE WILSON, of the York Glass Company, in the City of York, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Wilson, Her special license
that I, the said George Wilson, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said George Wilson, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN Iы-
PROVED MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES AND JARS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said George Wilson, by an instrument in

page_text: writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Wilson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon
(that is to say):
The object of this Invention is to simplify the operation of manu-
facturing glass bottles and jars with a screw or thread on or around
their neck, such screw being intended to receive a capsule or cover for
closing the bottle or jar.
The methods hitherto employed to obtain this result have been to
cut the screw after the bottle or jar was formed, or to reheat the neck,
to apply molten glass thereto, and subject the glass while in a soft
state to pressure between a pair of jaws having a thread cut on them.
The first-named plan, from the cost of manipulation, is only applicable
to high priced articles, such as cut glass smelling bottles, &c., and that
secondly referred to, although not very costly, necessitates a considerable
additional outlay over the ordinary price paid to the workman for
manufacturing common bottles and jars, and does not produce a clean
thread. By the present Invention, however, I am enabled to produce a
clean thread on the neck of bottles and jars, without the manufacture
requiring any additional exertion on the part of the workman, and
consequently without any increase of cost in the glass-blower's wages.
This I effect by adapting to the ordinary metal moulds in which bottles
and jars are cast or moulded a pair of dies furnished with a counter-
part of the screw or thread required to be produced upon the bottle or
jar neck, and by this means I am enabled to manufacture a screw or
threaded necked bottle or jar at one and the same operation.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1, shews in plan view one
arrangement of mould for carrying out this Invention; Fig. 2, is a

page_text: longitudinal vertical section of the same; Fig. 3, is an end view; and
Fig 4, a cross section, taken in the line 1... 2 of Fig. 1. To the
ground plate a, a cylinder or box b, is bolted, its use being to hold the
mould c, which is formed to suit the shape of the vessel required to be
cast. Immediately over this mould a pair of dies d, d, is made to close
when the operation of casting is proceeding, and thereby form a con-
tinuation of the mould. These dies (one of which is shown detached
at Fig. 5,) are carried by a pair of horizontal levers e, e, which are
hinged together and work on a fulcrum pin attached to a standard f.
The forward ends of these levers are connected by cross rods g, g, to a
rocking frame h, the fulcrum pins of which work in bearings i, i,
attached to the bed plate a. To the forward end of the rocking frame
a tread plate k, is bolted to admit of the ready depression of the for-
ward end of the rocking frame by the foot of the workman, which
movement of the rocking frame will cause the levers e, e, through the
instrumentality of the cross rods g, g, to approach each other, and bring
the dies d, together over the mould. An adjustable stop pin 1, is
attached to the hinder or heavier end of the rocking frame to limit
the motion of that frame.
In manufacturing glass bottles and jars according to this Invention
the workman first gathers a ball of glass upon the end of a hollow rod
or blow-pipe in the ordinary way; he then places the glass, while still
red hot, in the mould, the dies d, d, which are to form the neck of the
bottle being apart, as shewn at Fig. 4, to admit of the insertion of the
glass, and by depressing the plate k, with his foot causes the dies to
close. He then blows into the ball of glass, and causes it to take the
form of the mould. He next, by removing his foot from the plate k,
allows the dies to open, and removes the now formed bottle or jar from
the mould. The bottle or jar is then cut off or broken away from the
surplus glass remaining on the rod, and the lip or brim finished in the
usual manner by the workman. It will be thus understood that by onc
operation of moulding or casting bottles or jars may be formed with a
screw or threaded neck, or that, instead of a complete screw, segments
of screws may be in like manner produced on the necks of bottles
and jars.

page_text: In place of using the construction of mould just described for the
carrying out of my improved manufacture. I sometimes employ the
kind of mould shewn in side elevation at Fig. 6, and in sectional eleva-
tion at Fig. 7. This mould is composed essentially of two parts a, and
6, which are hinged together at bottom, and admit of the mould opening
from end to end to release the moulded vessel. To the upper end of
these half moulds a, b, the dies c, c. for moulding the threaded neck of
the vessel are bolted. When the gathered ball of heated glass is placed
in the mould the workman closes the mould in the usual way, and
produces the glass vessel, as already explained. By using removeable
dies the thread or serew of the mould may be readily renewed when
A further advantage consequent on their use is, that dies of
different proportions may be applied to the same mould, and consequently
that bottles or jars of any given capacity may be manufactured with
necks of varied proportions to suit the different purposes for which
they are required.
Having thus set forth the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into use, I wish it to be understood that under the
above in part recited Letters Patent I claim the manufacturing of a
screw thread or its equivalent on the neck of glass bottles and jars
simultaneously with the casting or moulding of the body of such
articles; and I further claim the use in such manufacture of remove-
able dies, as above explained.
In witness whereof, 1, the said George Wilson, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this Sixteenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
Witness,
JOSEPH SPENCE,
of Holgate Hill,
York.
GEORGE WILSON. (L.S.)