Improvements in Machines for Manufacturing Bottles, and other Articles of Glass.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 20th June, 1896-Accepted, 1st Aug., 1896
.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Manufacturing Bottles, and other
Articles of Glass.
1, JEAN BAPTISTE VERNAY of 109bs Rue St. Charles Paris in the Republic
of France, Glass Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object a machine for manufacturing bottles and other
articles of glass.
It is particularly applicable to the manufacture by rotation of articles of blown
glass, but it may with a slight modification, which will be explained later, also serve
for the manufacture by rotation of articles of unblown glass.
This invention is characterised by, the fact that the moulds hitherto used in
machines of this class are done away with and that these are replaced by suitably
arranged templets by means of which the required shape is given to the articles of
blown or unblown glass.
As is hereinafter described this machine allows the glass to be worked as a potter
works clay.
This machine constitutes therefor a sort of glass throwing wheel..
The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings in which :-
Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section of the machine.
Figure 2 is a plan certain parts being omitted or shown in section.
Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 are sections on the lines 3-3, 4-4, 5-5, 6-6, of
Figure 1.
i
Figure 7 is an end view of the levers shown in Figure 1.
Figures 8 and 9 show in section to an enlarged scale two arrangements of the
blow pipe shown in Figure 1.
Figures 10 and 11 are horizontal sections of the same.
In these figures:-A is a fixed vertical axis. A is an opening formed in
the axis A to receive a fan. A is an arm in which a passage is formed as shown.
A is an orifice for the entrance of air to the fan.
A is a supporting table fixed to the axis A and having a central hole.
A is a ring fixed upon the axis A and provided with a notch Aº.
a is a horizontal stud fixed upon the vertical axis A.
a is a horizontal axis rotating on the axis A.
ais a fly wheel.
a³, a, a, a, a, a, are gear wheels.
a is the fan.
a10, a, a, are bevil wheels.
B is a horizontal disc traversed centrally by the axis A round which it rotates.
bb are supports fixed upon the side of the disc.
In these supports the levers 163 are mounted.
63 is a spring pin serving as stop for the lever b¹. The disc B is pierced with
four holes for receiving the cups C.
Each of these cups has on its upper face two conical holes c c.
pierced at the bottom to give passage to two concentric rods
respectively to the levers b¹³.
These cups are
attached

page_text: is a ring on the cup, to which one end of a lever is pivotted, the other end
of this lever rests freely upon the ring A³.
The lever e is mounted in a suitable support situated below the disc B, and a
spring tends to lift it.
D is a horizontal arm fixed to the axis A. and above the disc B. The end of this
arm is pierced with a hole under which pass successively the four cups C.
EE are two absolutely similar templets which turn about their axes.
e is the face for balling.
is the face for forming the bottle.
e is the face for releasing the bottle.
These faces are shown in section in Figures 3 to 6.
These templets are mounted upon a sort of journal F rotating in the table A.
This journal F carries the bevil wheel a" and is centrally pierced to give
passage to the blow pipe G (having lateral holes g) upon which is mounted the
bevil wheel a fixed upon the arm A'. Around the pipe G is placed a socket H
surrounded by a ring h; under this socket is fixed a cross head h¹ pierced with two
holes to give passage to the axes of the templets E.
This cross head carries two projections
formed round .the axes of the templets E.
which enter into helicoidal grooves
I is a lever which by means of two arms i attached to the ring hallows a to and
fro motion to be given to the latter.
11 are the two other positions of this lever.
K is a bronze ring movable about the rod G.
WORKING OF THE MACHINE.
The workman after having gathered glass either with a gathering tube or ladle
pours it into the cup C which is beneath the hole in the arm D; he then seizes the
lever of the cup C into which the glass has been poured and causes the disc B
to make a quarter turn in order to place the cup filled with glass underneath the
templets E.
The end of the lever cresting upon the ring A at this moment comes to the
notch Ainto which it falls by the effect of its spring; its other end consequently
lifts the cup C into the left hand position of Figure 1.
As will be seen the conical holes c serve as bearings for the journals of the
templets E.
The fly a to which the wheel a is attached is rotated; this wheel gears" with
the pinion a', which actuates the wheel a', to which it is fixed,
The wheel a rotates the pinion a' and consequently the wheel a' fixed to it.
Lastly the wheel a' drives the pinion a8 fixed upon the axis a¹.
All the wheels and pinions except this latter are loose upon their axes and are
in the ratio of 1 to 5, which gives for every turn of the fly a², one hundred and
twenty five rotations of the axis a', upon which the fan a is mounted.
Upon the axis a' is fixed a bevil wheel a which actuates the two wheels all
and a in different directions.
The wheel a carries with it the blow pipe G, and the wheel a" the journal F to
which it is fixed; and consequently it communicates its motion to the two templeta E
which carry with them the cup C.
The balling faces e of these templets face inwards at this moment.
The workman presses upon the lever 6' for about a quarter of a minute and
raises the rod e' which carries with it the rod e' to its highest position shown in
dots in Figure 1; the glass is thus pushed into the upper part of the templets,
the blow pipe G is surrounded by the glass thus lifted and into which it enters;
the circular movement of the templets forms the ring and the neck of the bottle
and determines the shape of the ball.
The workman then seizes the lever I still keeping the lever, 6' down, and brings it
into the position shown in Figure 1.

page_text: The lower I by means of its two arms i lifts the ring h and consequently
the socket H and its cross head h¹ the projections h2 of which lie in the helicoidal
grooves on the axes of the templets E causing them to make a third of a turn turning
inwards the bottle shaping face e' instead of the balling face e.
The socket H on rising carries with it the blow pipe G the lateral opening 9 of
which coincides with the blowing passage in the arm A
The air driven by the fan passes into the hollow rod G and passes out of its lower
portion into the midst of the mass of glass which it blows out causing it to take the
shape of a bottle.
The workman slowly lifts the lever b¹ the two rods c¹ c² are lowered being carried
downwards by their weight but care must be taken to maintain contact between
these rods and the bottom of the bottle, which follows their movement by the effect
of the blowing.
The lever b' is stopped by the pin 6 which brings it to rest in the position shown at
the left of Figure 1.
The blowing of the bottle is then complete.
The lever I is theu brought to its third position I².
Blowing is thereby stopped and the disengaging faces e² of the templets are turned
inwards.
The workman seizes the lever 62 which raises the rod into the intermediate
position shown in dots in Figure 1 in order to form the indentation at the bottom
of the bottle called the kick.
The bottle is then finished. To free it, the stop 63 is withdrawn from the support.b
and the lever lifted to bring the heads of the rods c¹ to the bottom of the
cup C and this latter is brought to its lowest position as shown to the right of
Figure 1.
The fly is no longer rotated and the bottle is lifted out.
The machine is ready to recommence its operation with the following cup.
Of course the details of the arrangements may be varied.
The mechanism which has been shown as an example in order that the principle
of the invention could be understood may be modified in such a manner as to work
automatically.
I have shown two templets but in certain cases it may be advisable to use three,
four or a greater number.
There may also be one templet.
The templets may be made of any suitable material. Their shape varies according
to circumstances. For example the templets might only have a bottle face and be
drawn aside to allow of the movement of the bottle.
One method of carrying these templets is shown but any other suitable arrange-
ment may be adopted especially that which consists in leaving the templets fixed
in the journal.
The disc which carries four cups may be provided with a greater number if
required.
Also it may be useful in certain cases to unite several templets and several cups
in the same machine in order to make several articles at the same time..
In place of the fan shown any other arrangement for blowing may be
adopted.
It will be easily understood that by modifying the shape of the templets I may
obtain by rotation articles of all possible shapes.
In certain cases it might be useful only to employ the templets for a part of the
bottle in order for example to make the ring and to combine them with a suitable
mould to shape the body of the bottle.
To manufacture unblown articles of glass, by rotation it is only necessary to
introduce a suitably shaped mandril between the templets rotating it in the opposite
direction to the latter as is the case in the blow pipe G.
This mandril determines the inside shape of the articles.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is, to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a machine for manufacturing bottles and other articles of blown glass the use
of rotating templets successively giving to the articles the ball shape, and the outer
definitive shape; and the combination of these templets with a rotating rod
penetrating axially into the mass of glass to effect the blowing.
2. The combination with these templets of a rotating disc carrying cups which are
successively placed underneath the templets to bring to them the charge of glass,
these cups rotating or otherwise with the templets.
3. In a machine for manufacturing bottles and other articles of blown glass the
use of templets for making the ring in combination with a mould of any type for
shaping the body of the article.
4. In a machine for manufacturing articles of unblown glass the use of rotating
templets to give the outside shape and the combination of these templets with a
rotating mandril also penetrating axially into the mass of glass to give the inside
shape to the articles.
5. The combination with the cups and templets of two concentric rods for giving
shape to the bottom of the articles to be manufactured.
6. In a machine for manufacturing blown or unblown bottles or other articles of
glass the use of templets fixed in their journal.
7. The machine for manufacturing bottles substantially as described and illustrated
in the annexed drawings.
Dated this 20th day of June 1896.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.