Improvements in Bogies for Railway Vehicles.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bogies for Railway Vehicles.
I, ILLIUS AUGUSTUS TIMMIS of 2 Great George Street, Westminster S.W., Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The objects of this invention are to lessen the rolling motion and to increase the
steadiness of bogie vehicles in travelling.
With these objects in view I construct the bogie frame so that the ends of the
bolster which supports the body of the vehicle may project beyond the side frames of
the bogie. The side frames may be made with gaps in them to allow the bolster ends
to project beyond them or they may be made with a piece cut away or out of them.
The beam which supports the springs (the springs support or carry the bolster)
projects also beyond the side frames but by preference it (the beam) is below the
bogie side frames. The beam is supported by or from the bogie frame. I am thus
enabled to put the springs which carry the bolster farther away from the centre than
heretofore. I put the springs so that a part of them practically carry the light load
and the other part act as relief springs. I may put part outside the bogie frame and
the rest inside or all of them outside.
In the case of a six wheel bogie of course there are two sets of bolsters and beams
and springs, and the bogie side frames are made to conform to this duplicate
arrangement.
The details are capable of variation, as is obvious, but the objects of the invention
are to put springs carrying unequal loads farther out from the centre than has been
done before.
11
I, ILLIUS AUGUSTUS TIMMIS of 2 Great George Street, Westminster S.W. Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in bogie vehicles whereby rolling
and oscillating movements of the latter are lessened and the steadiness in running
greatly increased.
It has been found necessary in order to ensure the easy running of freight and
passenger cars, to place the bolster bearing springs as far from the centre of the
bolster as possible. In addition to this I find it advisable to employ springs of
unequal power to prevent the dangerous synchronisation of vibrations and oscillations
due to the inequalities of a rough road and other causes. The combination of these
two features forms the essentially novel point of my invention.

page_text: With these objects in view I construct the bogie frame so that the ends of the
bolster which support the body of the vehicle project beyond the sole bars of the
frame. To this effect the sole bars, may be made with gaps in them to allow the holster
ends to project beyond them, or they may be made with a piece cut away or out of
the web of the slab forming said sole bars.
The beam which supports the springs on which the aforesaid bolster rests extends
also on each side beyond the frame sole bars and is by preference located below
the latter. I am thus enabled to place the springs as far from the centre as the
structural gauge of the railroad will allow and in accordance with the principle of
my.invention I arrange the springs so that one part of them practically carry the
light load and the other acts as relief springs. One part may be outside the sole
bar and the other inside, or again both kinds or groups of springs may be entirely
outside.
In the case of six-wheel bogies, there are of course two sets of bolsters, beams,
and springs, and the bogie sole bars are made to conform to this duplicate
arrangement. The springs I use are by preference coiled springs as described in
my l'atent 9538 of 1889. I do not however confine myself exclusively to this
kind of coiled springs, for I may use any other kind of coiled springs and even
elliptical laminated springs as will be described hereinafter.
To facilitate the comprehension of my invention I have illustrated on the
accompanying drawings two examples of its application to four-wheel bogies.
In these drawings
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the bogie.
Fig. 2 is a half plan of same.
Fig. 3 is a cross section through the centre of the bogie.
Fig. 4 is part of a side elevation showing extension of the principle of my invention
to elliptical laminated bogie bolster springs.
Fig. 5 is a partial plan of same.
In these figures is the frame slab or sole bar which in the examples shown
is provided with an opening through which the end of boister B can protrude beyond
the outside of F. M is the beam which supports the coiled springs S. S¹ (Figs. 1,
2, & 3) which in turn support the bolster B on which the vehicle body rests.
In Figs. 4 and 5 the coiled springs are replaced by elliptical laminated springs T
and T arranged longitudinally so that the vehicle keeps clear of the structural
gauge. In both arrangements the beam M is connected to the bogie frame by the
oblique links L hinged at their upper end to brackets attached to F and at their
lower end to a horizontal rod R. When coiled springs are used the outer ones S
are longer than the inner one S¹ (Figs. 2 & 3) and carry practically the load,
S' being only slightly in compression with the load on and by preference of greater
power than Š.
Instead of two springs S and one S₁ as shown in Figs. 1, 2, & 3 there may be only
one S and one S' or there may be more than two S and more than one S¹.
The same remarks apply to the arrangement of laminated springs illustrated in
Figs. 4 & 5. Here T carries almost the whole load, T' being only slightly in com-
pression and also of greater power than T. Likewise there can be more than one
spring T to one T' or there may be an equal number of springs T and T.
As shown in the drawings the springs S which carry the greater part of the load are
outside, but in the case of freight cars where the light load is less than that to be
carried the arrangement is preferably reversed. S' for instance being outside and of
lighter power than S which are now inside and of greater power.
The same arrangement can be applied to elliptical springs.
As already mentioned the whole group of the springs at the end of the bolster
can be located entirely outside as in the case of narrow gauge railway vehicles wherein
the body overhangs very much.
I am aware that prior to my invention patents have been granted protecting
arrangements in which the bogie bolster projects beyond the sole bars, with the
bolster springs wholly outside the frame slabs, but I believe that the combination

page_text: of the extended bogie bolster with springs of unequal power, wholly or partly located
on the part projecting beyond the frame is entirely new.
The details are capable of variation, as is obvious, but the objects of the invention
are to put springs carrying unequal loads farther out from the centre than has been
done before.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
The use of springs to support the bolster of a car body on its bogie, which are
of unequal power or, and, unequally loaded, a part or the whole of these springs
being placed on the parts of bolster which project beyond the sole bars of the bogie.
Dated this 2nd day of February 1897
I. A. TIMMIS.