Improvements in Centrifugal Machines for Separating Milk.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 1st Aug., 1889-Accepted, 12th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Machines for Separating Milk.
I WILLIAM WORBY BEAUMONT of 229 Norwood Road Herne Hill London S.E.
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates chiefly to the means and apparatus for rotating the centrifugal
separator vessel and more especially to the rotation of the machines intended to be
worked by hand power.
Attached to or connected with the machine 1 provide an air or water pump and an
air vessel or an accumulator. The pump 1 work by hand or other power. To the
spindle of the rotating vessel or to an intermediate spindle 1 attach a wheel or boss
carrying a number of cups or vanes or guides or I attach a form of turbine for air or
for water or a wheel of such a form that air at the velocity of exit from the air vessel
or pump or of water from the accumulator or air vessel may produce in this turbine
or wheel of whatever form the velocity of rotation required. The air required may
be provided by a form of bellows & induced currents of air, water or spray may be
used. The bearings for the centrifugal spindle I make self adjusting so as to avoid
want of balance or its effects by encircling the spindle with an elastic pliable mould-
able or flexible collar or medium outside which is a collar rotating with the spindle in
a bearing. The footstep or toe when the main spindle is vertical I support in a holder
partly or wholly supported by the air or water under pressure.
Dated this First day of November 1888.
W. WORBY BEAUMONT.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Machines for Separating Milk.
I, WILLIAM WORBY BEAUMONT of 229 Norwood Road, Herne Hill, London, S.E.
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to the means and apparatus for rotating the centrifugal
separator vessel or drum for separating fluids of different specific gravity such for
instance as the skim milk from the cream in milk and the invention refers more
especially to those machines which are worked by hand power.
Attached to or connected with the machine I provide a pump for water or other
suitable liquid and an air vessel or an accumulator. The pump I work by hand or
other power. To the spindle of the rotating separating vessel or drum or to an
intermediate spindle I attach a boss carrying a number of cups, vanes or guides or
I attach a suitable form of turbine for water or other suitable liquid or a wheel of
such form that the water at the velocity of exit from the pump air vessel or accumu-
lator may produce in the turbine wheel of whichever form the velocity of rotation
required. The water required may be provided by a pump of any suitable well known
form for discharging water under pressure. The bearing or bearings for the drum
spindle I make self adjusting so as to avoid effects of imperfect balance of the drum
by encircling the spindle with an elastic or flexible collar surrounded by a collar or
sleeve rotating with the spindle and within a suitable support, all as described and
shown in the specification of the Patent granted to me No. 13894 of the year 1888 or
with the form of bearing hereafter to be more fully described which has for its
object the attainment of greater elasticity and flexibility than heretofore I believe
attained with elastic bearings.

page_text: Instead of a liquid pump I may use an air pump working at a high speed and
the delivery nozzle of which by the induced current action draws up water with
the air.
In order that my invention may be more fully understood I shall now describe
it with reference to the drawings hereunto attached which show one mode of carrying
it into effect.
Both
Figure 1 is a general side elevation of one form of machine according to my
invention, the drum and other upper parts being omitted as my invention has no
reference thereto. In this A is a standard cast with or attached to the base B.
standard and base are hollow as shown by the dotted lines.
The standard forms an air vessel and the base provides a receptacle for the water
or other liquid to be used. The water is pumped from the base by the pump P
worked by the handle H by hand or by mechanical power and forced into the vessel A.
From the latter the water under pressure escapes through a nozzle or jet guide J and
impinges at two opposite sides upon a small turbine wheel T and thus gives motion to
the lower spindle L. Or the water may impinge upon one side of the wheel only or
in three or more equidistant places, but I prefer two or more such in order to balance
the strain on the spindle bearings.
The spindle L may be in one piece with the spindle D upon which the drum is
mounted and the bearing E would not in that case be required, but as shewn in the
drawing a short lower spindle L is provided having a recessed top C into which the
end of the drum spindle D is inserted and caused to rotate with the spindle L, the end
of spindle D being squared or otherwise prepared to fit easily in the recess and be
driven by it. The toe of the lower spindle L runs in a step S made either of the
metals commonly used for the purpose or of a piece of lignum vitae or other suitable
wood held in a socket attached to or cast with the base, means being provided for
lubrication with oil water or otherwise. At O Figure 1 is shewn in section a cover
or casing for causing the escaping water to fall back into the basin X seen in section
and then by the hole at Z into the hollow base B. In Fig. 1 the bearings E and F
are intended to be of the form described in the Specification above referred to or they
may be of the construction shewn in Fig. 3.
In Fig. 3 the spindle M is provided with a collar W below which is placed a double
spiral volute spring R. The central coils of this spring fit the spindle but the other
coils do not and the end coils fit the sleeve N.
The sleeve N which forms the journal is kept in place by the collar V a small stud
or other obvious means being provided to cause the sleeve to rotate with the spindle M
but free to move otherwise.
The spindle can thus take a position in the sleeve which will be eccentric to it in
proportion to the want of balance of the whole rotating part, and the actual bearing
will thus be coincident with the centre of rotating mass. Instead of the spring or as
well as the spring R, the sleeve may be filled with a mouldable or semiplastic material
such as pitch mixed with about 15 to 50 per cent. of plaster of Paris or other
suitable material for making it harder at a given temperature so as to reduce its
plasticity. I first run into the sleeve the material named while in a fused or soft
state or fill it with small lead shot or with an easily fusible alloy. When the
material has cooled and set the machine is set running and heat applied to the
bearings so as to fuse the material therein and then allowed to cool while the
machine is still kept running. The spindle will thus run truly in its bearings.
The jet nozzle J and the little turbine wheel T are shewn in horizontal section at
Fig. 2 a cock or valve may be provided in the stem of the piece J to adjust the flow
of water but the nozzle or nozzles should be made accurately so that such readjust-
ment is not required. The form of wheel shewn at T is one simple form, but instead
of this a small turbine of the form known as the Pelton wheel or other of the suitable
and well known forms of turbine impulse or reaction wheels may be substituted for
that shewn. Instead of a simple jet nozzle as shewn at Fig. 2 or as used with a
Pelton wheel, a nozzle of the form used in ejectors and ejector pumps may be used

page_text: so as to pump a smaller quantity of water under high pressure and allow its
escape through the central nozzle to cause an induced current through the concentric
nczzle of water lifted by this means from the tank in the base of the machine and
not under pressure after the manner of Greathead's fire hydrant. Or an air jet or
jets produced by a quickly worked pump may be applied in conjunction with water
raised by the inducing air. B is a pipe on the base tank for producing a small head
or pressure.
When it is desired especially for small hand power milk separators to obtain a
higher velocity than can conveniently be obtained by the turbine alone, I place the
drum spindle D in such a position that a pinion or small wheel or pulley upon it may
be driven by a wheel on the upper part of the lower spindle L. The spindle D) may
for this purpose be mounted in the position shown by the dotted line K and the
driving wheel and pinion may be in the positions shown by the dotted lines G. The
wheels G may be toothed gearing friction wheels, or grooved for gut cord or leather
or made for belt driving.
But I do not confine myself to such arrangements as the turbine spindle might be
arranged in other positions than the vertical and be made to drive the drum spindle by
any suitable gearing.
The handle lever may be arranged upright and used in combination with a treadle
on a lever at right angles to the handle lever, so that both hand and foot power are
applied at the same time.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is
First Driving centrifugal machines for separating fluids of different specific
gravities by means of a pump worked by hand or power and provided with an air
vessel or accumulator for supplying the impelling fluid to a turbine or equivalent
appliance on or connected to the drum spindle of the separating machine.
Second In a centrifugal fluid separating machine the combination of a pump P
an air vessel A in the framing of the machine a water nozzle J and a turbine T
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Third: In a centrifugal fluid separating machine the combination of a pump P
an air-vessel in the framing of the machine a water nozzle and a turbine or equivalent
means impelled thereby and mounted on or connected to the drum spindle and a tank B
in the base plate for receiving the waste water and for supplying the pump substantially
as set forth.
Fourth In a centrifugal fluid separating machine the elastic bearings described
and shown.
Fifth The mode of forming the bearing in centrifugal fluid separating machines
so as to ensure the same to be coincident with the centre of the rotating mass
substantially as set forth.
Sixth The construction of centrifugal hand separator shewn and described.
DEAL:
1004
t day of August 1880.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.