IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING MACHINES AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Wren and John Hopkinson, trading under the
style or Firm of Wren and Hopkinson, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING MACHINES
AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH." Partly a communication from
abroad by George Sebold and Friedrich Neff, of Durlach, in the Empire of
Germany.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Wren and John
Hopkinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th
December 1880.
HENRY WREN and JOHN HOPKINSON, trading under the style or Firm of Wren
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
and Hopkinson, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
MOULDING MACHINES AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH." [Partly a
communication from abroad by George Sebold and Friedrich Neff, of Durlach,
in the Empire of Germany.]
This Invention, relating to moulding machines and apparatus connected therewith,
consists of improvements in or applicable to the machines in respect of which
Letters Patent were granted to Frank Wirth, dated the 11th August 1879, No.
3327.
In carrying out the present Invention the moulding box or flask is made in
two halves, which are moulded separately on the machine, and their proper
position is secured by means of pins fixed to the pattern plate passing through
holes in the half box or flask, the latter being held firmly up to the pattern plate
by cotters passing through the pins. The half boxes or flasks thus prepared (and
forming the top and bottom moulding boxes) are then removed to a table having a
true surface and provided with setting pins corresponding in size and position to
those of the pattern plate; the top and bottom moulding boxes are placed one
over the other, and the setting pins are raised so as to enter the holes in the boxes,
[P71

page_text: and are secured by cotters. The top and bottom boxes are thus caused to
accurately make register with each other, and whilst in this position are tightened
up by independent cotter pins passing through other holes in the boxes. The
setting pins are then lowered clear of the combined box, which may then be
removed ready for the casting to be proceeded with.
The gits and runners are formed with the mould by the pattern plate. The git
is formed by means of a conical pattern made in two pieces so as to draw off from
the pattern plate. The upper surface of the runners is made of a jagged or
irregular form. The raised portions so produced retard the flow of the metal, and
provide a reservoir of molten metal which will supply any deficiency caused by
contraction, whilst at the same time they intercept any dirt or extraneous matter
floating upon the surface of the current of molten metal.
The gearing for imparting motion to the table of the machine is arranged in the
following manner, so as to reduce the working parts:-In bearings at each side of
the frame of the machine is supported a shaft, having fast thereon at the end at the
front of the machine a hand wheel, which is arranged at a convenient height to be
operated by the moulder so as to impart motion to the shaft; on the end of the
said shaft, at the back of the machine, is secured a spur wheel or pinion engaging
with a spur wheel fast on another shaft, which has keyed upon it inside the
framing a spur pinion gearing into a spur wheel secured at the centre of the machine
upon a third shaft, the two last mentioned shafts, like the shaft first mentioned,
being supported in bearings in the frame of the machine. Upon the arms of the
wheel last mentioned are cast two bosses forming cranks, one of which is fitted
with a crank pin coupled by connecting rods with the table or ram. The table
works in suitable slides or guides at the back and front of the machine, and which
are provided with means of compensation for wear. Between the arms of the
crank wheel is fixed a balance weight of suitable size and shape to balance the
table or ram and the wagon upon it.
The portion of the frame in contact with which the moveable portion of the
machine slides consists of two cheeks cast from one pattern and planed to the
same guage. The opposite sides and ends of the framing can thus be planed up
parallel and put together without further adjustment.
The sand box or hopper is placed at the back of the machine, and is supported
at the upper end of the rocking pillars or levers which are hinged or pivotted at
their lower ends to the framing of the machine; upon the upper end of the sand
box is mounted a loose roller which is arranged in relation to an inclined plane
formed in the pressure plate in such a manner that as the pressure plate is raised
from a horizontal position a self acting tilting motion is imparted to the sand box,
and that when the former arrives at an angle of, say, about 60° it is interlocked by
means of the sand box, the tilting of the sand box being balanced by levers and
weights or equivalent devices. By means of this arrangement a less number of
parts is required and greater simplicity generally is obtained.
When the mould box or flask is filled with sand ready for being pressed, the
pressure plate is brought into a horizontal position, and being stopped in that
position by a projection on the framing, is securely locked in the following
manner:-
According to one modification of this part of the Invention, the locking is effected
by the movement of a handle which works two bolts in opposite directions through
the intervention of a crank or cranks or eccentrics and connecting rods, the bolts
being caused to engage in corresponding holes in the framing. According to
another modification of this part of the Invention the locking is effected by means
of two hooked levers engaging with projections on the pressure plate. These levers,
which are pivotted near the base of the machine, are connected together by a link
jointed to the two levers at opposite sides of their respective fulcra so that the
two levers shall work in unison, and when out of action the levers fall clear of the
working space required by the moulder.

page_text: The turn over table is mounted upon trunnions supported in bearings which are
capable of sliding vertically, and the table is rotated by means of a wheel and
pinion operated by a handle. The sliding bearing at one end of the shaft
is arranged so as to be readily detachable in order to admit of the turn-over table
being removed with facility. The bearings are also so arranged that if it is required
to mould any article deeper than the machine is ordinarily adapted for, this may
be effected by packing up the trunnions with suitable pieces prepared therefor.
The table is locked in the two horizontal positions by means of a lever falling into
a slot in the side of the wheel, the lever being held in position by means of a
spring.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Henry Wren and John Hopkinson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 20th June 1881.
"
HENRY WREN and JOHN HOPKINSON, trading under the style or Firm of Wren
& Hopkinson, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. IMPROVEMENTS IN
MOULDING MACHINES AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
The said Invention, relating to moulding machines and apparatus connected
therewith, consists of improvements in or applicable to the machines in respect of
which Letters Patent were granted to Frank Wirth, dated the Eleventh August,
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine, No 3227.
In carrying out the present Invention, the moulding box or flask is made in two
halves, which are moulded separately, and their proper position is secured by means
of pins fixed to the pattern plate passing through holes in the half box or flask, the
latter being held firmly up to the pattern plate by cotters passing through the pins.
The top and bottom half boxes or flasks thus prepared are then removed to a
table having a true surface, and provided with setting pins corresponding in size
and position to those of the pattern plate, and the half boxes or flasks are placed
one over the other, and the setting pins are raised so as to enter the holes therein.
The top and bottom half boxes are thus caused to accurately make register with
each other, and whilst in this position are fastened and tightened up by independent
cotter pins passing through other holes in the boxes. The setting pins are then
lowered clear of the combined box, which may then be removed ready for the casting
to be proceeded with.
The gits and runners are formed with the mould by the pattern plate. The git
is formed by means of a conical pattern, which is a separate piece from the runner
pattern, and is arranged to draw off from the pattern plate. The upper surface of
the runners is made of a jagged or irregular form. The raised portions so produced
retard the flow of the metal, and provide a reservoir of molten metal which will
supply any deficiency caused by contraction, whilst at the same time they intercept
any dirt or extraneous matter floating upon the surface of the current of molten
metal.
The gearing for imparting motion to the table of the machine is arranged in the
following manner so as to reduce the working parts:-In bearings at each side of
the frame of the machine is supported a shaft, having fast thereon at the end at
the front of the machine a hand wheel, which is arranged at a convenient height to
be operated by the moulder, so as to impart motion to the shaft. On the end of the
said shaft, at the back of the machine, is secured a spur wheel or pinion engaging
with a spur wheel fast on another shaft, which has keyed upon it inside the
framing a spur pinion gearing into a spur wheel secured at the centre of the
machine upon a third shaft, the two last mentioned shafts, like the shaft first
mentioned, being supported in bearings in the frame of the machine. Upon the
arms of the wheel last mentioned are cast two bosses forming cranks, one of which
is fitted with a crank pin coupled by connecting rods with the table or ram.
table works in suitable slides or guides at the back and front of the machine, and
which are provided with means of compensation for wear. Between the arms of
the crank wheel is fixed a balance weight of suitable size and shape to balance the
table or ram and the wagon upon it.
The
The portion of the frame in contact with which the movable portion of the
machine slides, consists of two cheeks cast from one pattern and planed to the
The opposite sides and ends of the framing can thus be planed up
parallel and put together without further adjustment.
same guage.

page_text: The sand box or hopper is placed at the back of the machine and is supported
at the upper end of rocking pillars or levers, which are hinged or pivotted at their
lower ends to the framing of the machine. Upon the upper end of the sand box is
mounted a loose roller, which is arranged in relation to an inclined plane formed on
the platten or pressure plate in such a manner that as the platten or pressure plate
is raised from a horizontal position a self acting tilting motion is imparted to the sand
box, and that when the platten or pressure plate arrives at an angle of, say, about 60°,
it is interlocked by means of the sand box, the tilting of the sand box being balanced
by levers and weights or equivalent devices. By means of this arrangement, a less
number of parts is required and greater simplicity generally is obtained.
When the mould box or flask is filled with sand ready for being pressed, the
platten or pressure plate is brought into a horizontal position, and being stopped in
that position by a projection on the framing is securely locked in the following
inanner: According to one modification of this part of the Invention, the locking
is effected by the movement of a handle, which works two bolts in opposite
directions through the intervention of a crank or cranks or eccentrics and
connecting rods, the bolts being caused to engage in corresponding holes in the
framing. According to another modification of this part of the Invention, the
locking is effected by means of two hooked levers engaging with projections on
the platten or pressure plate. These levers, which are pivotted near the base of the
machine, are connected together by a link jointed to the two levers at opposite
sides of their respective fulcra, so that the two levers shall work in unison, and
when out of action the levers fall clear of the working space required by the
moulder.
The turn over table is mounted upon trunnions supported in bearings which
are capable of sliding vertically, and the table is rotated by means of a wheel and
pinion operated by a bandle. The sliding bearing at one end of the shaft is
arranged so as to be readily detachable in order to admit of the turn-over table
being removed with facility. The bearings are also so arranged that if it is
required to mould any article deeper than the machine is ordinarily adapted for,
this may be effected by packing up the trunnions with suitable pieces prepared
therefor. The table is locked in the two horizontal positions by means of a lever.
falling into a slot in the side of the wheel, the lever being held in position by
means of a spring.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, we shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to
the several Figures on the annexed Sheets of Drawings, the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figures 1 and 2 on Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings represent respectively
a front elevation and plan of a moulding box setting table constructed and arranged
according to one part of the said Invention.
Figure 3 represents a longitudinal section of conical git patterns and jagged or
serrated runners constructed according to the said Invention; Figure 4 is a similar
view to Figure 3 illustrating a modification; and Figure 5 is a plan corresponding
to either Figure.
Figure 6 is a plan, Figure 7 a longitudinal section, Figure 8, on Sheet 2, a
transverse section, and Figure 9 a sectional plan of a moulding machine con-
structed and arranged according to the said Invention. Figures 10 and 11, and
Figures 12 and 13 (on Sheet 1), represent respectively details of the pressure plate,
locking gear, and turning table reversing gear hereinafter referred to.
One part of the present Invention relates to the adjustment of the moulding
box or flask. In carrying out this part of the Invention the moulding box or
flask is made in two halves, which are moulded separately, and for this purpose it
is convenient to employ two moulding inacbines similar to the machine hereinafter
described, one for moulding each half box or flask, although it is obvious that the
two halves of the moulding box or flask may be moulded successively in one and
the same machine. Assuming that two moulding machines are employed, each

page_text: machine is provided with a pattern plate having pins arranged in as nearly as
possible the same position on the two plates for entering template holes in the
respective half boxes or flasks while the operation of moulding is being performed,
and one feature of the present Invention consists in the means whereby the two
half boxes or flasks after the moulding has been effected are adjusted with
mathematical precision, and caused to coincide or accurately make register. a is
the moulding box or flask which is made in two separate halves a' and a² formed
with narrow flanges e, and provided with two template holes at b, b, and b², b'.
These holes are intended for the reception of pins g' formed on the pattern plate g
of the turn over table L, as shown in Figure 7, in which Figure a half box or flask
is represented by dotted lines as placed in the moulding machine for the operation
of moulding to be proceeded with. When the moulding has been effected, the two
half boxes or flasks are removed from their respective plates, and it is then
necessary that they should be brought together and accurately adjusted so as to
coincide or make register, and be rigidly secured together when so adjusted. For
this purpose the top and bottom half boxes or flasks are placed with their flanges
together upon the horizontal table d having a true and smooth surface, and
provided with the vertical reciprocating setting pins f, f¹, exactly corresponding in
diameter and position to those formed on the pattern plate. The two half boxes
are caused to accurately coincide or make register by raising the setting pins so
that the latter enter the template holes b, b, and 61, 61, formed in the flanges e, and
in this state the two half boxes or flasks are rigidly secured together by independent
cotter pins passing through lugs c, c', after which the setting pins are lowered
clear of the flanges of the united box, which may then be removed from the table d
for the casting to be proceeded with. The vertical and parallel reciprocating
motion of the setting pins is effected by means of the hand wheel h working a
cranked spindle h¹ connected to arms or levers i, i¹, which actuate the connecting
rods j, j, of the setting pins or eccentrics or other equivalent and well known
means may be adopted for obtaining such reciprocating rectilinear motion.
Another part of the present Invention relates to the formation of the gits and
runners of the mould. In carrying out this part of the said Invention the gits
and runners of the moulds are formed by appendages to the pattern plates.
For this purpose the git is formed by means of a conical pattern k arranged in a
separate piece so as to draw off or be detached from the runner pattern l, which is
fixed to and forms part of the ordinary pattern plate g. The upper surface of the
runner pattern is formed of a jagged, serrated, or irregular form, as shown at
Figures 3 and 4, thereby producing corresponding irregularities in the mould,
which serve to retard the flow of metal, and provide a reservoir of molten metal to
compensate for any deficiencies caused by contraction, whilst at the same time they
arrest any dirt or extraneous matter floating upon its surface.
The git pattern (which is only used in the upper half of the moulding box or
flask) has formed upon it the projection or pin k³, which fits into a corresponding
aperture provided at the end of the runner pattern 7, as shewn in Figure 3, or the
aperture may be formed in the bottom of the git pattern, and the pin be attached
to the runner, as represented in Figure 4, the two portions in either case being
rendered easy of separation and removal. In the operation of moulding the sand m
is duly rammed or pressed into the mould box, the hollow conical pattern k is then
removed by the aid of the transverse rib or handle k', leaving a conical recess or
aperture in the sand of corresponding configuration, and by which the molten metal
is introduced into the mould.
In order to simplify. and reduce the number of moveable parts in the moulding
machine it is constructed and arranged in the following manner, reference being
had to Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10 of the Drawings:-
A hand wheel or handle A is fixed on the shaft A', which is arranged at a con-
venient height and is supported by suitable bearings provided at each side of the
framing of the machine as shewn.
On the back end of this shaft is keyed a spur pinion B engaging with a spur

page_text: wheel C which is secured at the one end of another shaft C¹ carried in similar
bearings; this shaft has likewise fixed upon it about midway a spur pinion D
gearing into a large spur wheel E which is secured to a third independent
shaft E' similarly supported in bearings formed in the frames of the machine at E
and E5.
Upon the usual radial arms of this last mentioned spur wheel are cast two
similar circular bosses F and G forming crank centres, and to one of which are
attached by means of a pin F¹ the lower extremities of connecting rods H and I,
the upper extremities of which are connected with the underside of the table or
ram J by the pins H¹ and I¹.
The table J works in suitable vertical guides J¹ provided in the framing of the
machine and fitted with adjustable metallic packing strips J2 capable of being
regulated by the set screws J³ so as to compensate for wear, and the table J and
the wagon K upon it are balanced by means of a balance weight E2 of suitable
size and shape fixed between the arms of the crank spur wheel E.
The portions of the machine framing J' which serve as guides for the table or
ram J to vertically slide in consist of two cast iron cheeks forined from one pattern
and planned or faced up to exactly the same guage, so that the respective sides and
ends of the framing with their parallel faces can be fitted together without further
adjustment.
On the upper surface of the table are arranged or formed the rails K' which
when the table is in its lowered position meets the corresponding lateral
extensions K2, K³, supported by angular brackets, and along which the truck or
waggon may be run out clear of the machine. In order to prevent the liability of
any sand falling on the rails and table, and thus penetrating into the guides or
between other moveable parts, a rectangular tray or trough K4 is attached to the
truck K by means of the downward projecting rod or bar K5 in such a manner
that in rising with the table the coupling or connection disengages itself from the
tray K, and that on its descent it again engages therewith.
In order to conveniently fill the mould boxes while on the reversable or turn-
over table L there is provided at the back of the machine a sand box or hopper N
which is supported at the upper ends of rocking pillars or levers N', N³, pivotted
at their lower extremities to the sides of the framing at N3 and N. Upon the
upper end of these rocking pillars are mounted the loose rollers N5 and No, which
are so situate relatively to the inclined planes or angular projections M², M2, formed
at the back of the platten or pressure plate M, that as the latter is raised from its
horizontal position an automatic inward tilting or tipping motion is imparted to
the sand box or hopper about the fulera N³, N%, by the action of the projections
M, M, against the rollers N³, No, until the pressure plate M has arrived at an
angle of about 60°, when it becomes interlocked with the sand box, as indicated by
the dotted lines in Figure 8, the tilting of the latter being balanced in this position
by the counterweighted or balanced arms M³ and M.
Thus when a mould box is required to be filled by the act of raising the pressure
plate the spout of the sand box is brought immediately over it, as represented by
the dotted outline M³, Figure 8, so that the sand may be raked into the same.
When such box or flask has been filled and ready to be pressed or rammed into
the mould the pressure plate is pulled down so as to resume its horizontal position,
likewise simultaneously allowing the sand box to return to its normal position,
after which the pressure plate is locked or secured in such horizontal position. We
have shewn in our Drawings two modes of locking or securing the platten or
pressure plate, represented respectively in the general views and the detail,
Figure 10, and in the detail, Figure 11.
Referring to the general views and the detail, Figure 10, the platten or pressure
plate M is locked or secured in its horizontal position by sliding bolts or pins O¹, 0%,
which fit into corresponding recesses formed in the framing 03, 0.
These pins or bolts receive their opposite lateral reciprocating motion by means
of the crank plate, disc, or eccentric O, to the face of which the free ends of their
"

page_text: connecting rods 0°, 0º, are attached, the operation of locking and unlocking being
effected by the act of turning the handle or lever O' fixed on the axis of the
plate O.
In the modification illustrated in the detail, Figure 11, the locking of the platten
or pressure plate is effected by means of two hooked levers o, o¹, which are arranged
to engage with the studs or projections o², o³, provided on the face or front of the
platten or pressure plate M. These levers are pivotted near the base of the
inachine, and are so connected together by means of the link o' to the opposite
sides of their respective fulcra P, p¹, that they shall work in unison in opposite
directions, so as to simultaneously engage or release the locking studs o², o³.
The turn-over or reversing table L is mounted on trunnions L1, L2, supported in
bearings P, P', which are so constructed and arranged as to admit of the table
sliding vertically, and one of the bearings, videlicet, that of P, is so constructed as
to be readily detachable and for the facility of adjusting or removing the table.
The table is capable of being partially rotated or inverted by means of spur
gearing operated by a handle, and which will be more readily understood by
reference to the detached views, Figures 12 and 13. Q is the handle connected
with the spur pinion R gearing into the spur wheel S, which has formed upon its
inner side an annular locking plate S¹, having two notches or recesses S² and S³
formed in its diameter for the reception at such fixed intervals of the locking
Jever T. The pinion suitably carried by the arm or bracket R¹, terminating in
a tubular shaft or sleeve supported by the trunnion bearings, and through which
the trunnion L² of the table passes. By the act of turning the handle Q the gearing
is set in motion, and the table L is thereby reversed, and so soon as it arrives in
either of two horizontal positions the lever Tis forced into the corresponding notch
S² or S3 by means of the spring t provided for this purpose, when the table is
immediately locked in the required horizontal plane. When the table is again
required to be moved the lever T is pressed out of the notch by simply pulling or
pushing the handle of the same.
The operation of moulding by the aid of the machinery or apparatus hereinbefore
described is carried out in the following manner:-
The pattern plate g (formed and fitted with the "runner and git " patterns)
being fixed to the turn over table L, one of the half moulding boxes or flasks is
then placed upon the said table, as indicated by the dotted outline at Figures 7
and 8, and suitably secured thereto by cotter pins passed through the setting pins
of the pattern plate. The box is then partially filled with sand, gently sprinkled
or riddled over the pattern, when the additional filling frame V is put on the top
of the box so as to increase its depth. The pattern or pressure plate M is then
raised to its highest position, whereby the sand box or hopper N is brought forward
so as to project its spout over the mould box, as shown by dotted lines in
Figure 8. The half mould box then has its filling completed by sand gently
raked from the sand box or hopper, and when any superfluous sand is removed
a wooden packing plate (if such is required to be employed) is introduced into
the top of the mould box, or if desired the packing plate may be attached to
the underside of the platten or pressure plate, or it may be entirely dispensed
with.
These preliminary operations having been effected the platten or pressure plate
is again lowered and locked in its horizontal position, and the truck K is placed or
'allowed to remain under the turn over table. The table or ram J is then raised
by the act of turning the hand wheel and gearing so as to bring the truck K
against the turn table L carrying the half mould box, which is then forced up in
its vertical trunnion guides at P, P', thereby pressing the half mould box against
the platten or pressure plate M, so as to compress the sand contained in such mould
box.
The requisite uniform pressure having been effected, the table or ram and truck
thereon are lowered by reversing the motion of the gearing, when the turn table
likewise returns to its normal position within the parallel guides at P, P¹. The

page_text: platten or pressure plate is then unlocked and raised, when the sand tray K' having
been brought under the turn table, the filling frame V may be removed, and, if
present, also the loose packing or pressing plate. The superfluous sand is streaked
off level with the top of the mould box, and is received by a hopper or box at the
back of the machine, and the conical git pattern is subsequently drawn out from
the runner pattern, when the turn over table L is inverted by the reversing gearing
before described with reference to Figures 12 and 13. The truck is again pushed
under the table L and then gently lifted by raising the table or ram J until the
inverted half mould box is supported by it, when the cotters passing through the
setting pins are removed, and the truck is then gently lowered again on the table
or ram J, leaving the turn over table with its pattern plate suspended in its
trunnions, and is run out clear of the machine.
The turn over table is then inverted to its original position in readiness for the
next operation.
The bottom half of the mould box having been moulded in a similar manner on
the other machine, but without the loose conical git pattern, is removed and placed
upon the setting table, when the top half is again inverted by hand and placed on
the top of the former, and the two are caused to coincide or accurately make
register, and are secured together in the manner herein before described, the
complete box being then ready for removal for the casting to be proceeded
with.
It will be readily understood that in lieu of using a handle or hand wheel for
the purposes of raising and lowering the table or ram by manual power, as herein-
before described, a set of pullies may be employed (one fast and two loose), driven
by open and crossed belts from a countershaft worked by steam or other convenient
motive power, suitable forked guiding levers being provided so as to quickly shift
the belts from one pulley to another in order to reverse the motion of the machine
in the ordinary and well known manner.
Or a handle or hand wheel and pullies and belts may be employed in combina-
tion so as to admit of the machine being worked by hand or mechanical power at
pleasure.
It is obvious also that in lieu of the arrangement of gearing hereinbefore
described for raising the table J, we may employ a direct acting hydraulic ram,
or a direct acting steam or compressed air engine arranged immediately beneath
the table and suitably connected thereto, in which cases the fluid pressure may be
conveniently controlled by automatic mechanical devices actuating valves, taps, or
a three way cock arranged to regulate the pressure by being suitably coupled with
the cylinder supply and exhaust, and in all these arrangements for working the
machine by mechanical motive power, self acting stopping motions or automatic
cut offs may be provided for arresting the motion of the table at either end of its
stroke.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the hereinbefore in
part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The employment of a setting table having pins for causing the two halves
or portions of the moulding box or flask (separately moulded) to coincide or make
register whilst such two halves or portions of the said moulding box or flask are
firmly secured together, the apparatus being constructed and arranged so as to
operate substantially in the manner hereinbefore described.
Second. The combination with a pattern plate of a conical pattern for the git
and a pattern for the runner so arranged and combined together that the git and
runner are formed with the mould by the pattern plate, whilst the git pattern may
be drawn off from the pattern plate after the moulding operation has been performed,
substantially as herein before described.

page_text: Third. Forming the upper surface of the runners of a jagged or irregular form,
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Fourth. The peculiar arrangement of gearing and appurtenances for imparting
motion to the rising table or ram of the moulding machine, and of devices for
balancing the same, substantially as herein before described.
Fifth. The peculiar arrangement of the sand box or hopper, and of the platten
or pressure plate, whereby the rising motion of the platten or pressure plate is
caused to impart a tilting motion to the sand box or hopper, and the sand box or
hopper is caused to lock the platten or pressure plate in its inclined position,
substantially as hereinbefore described.
Sixth. The peculiar modes of locking the platten or pressure plate in its horizontal
position, substantially as herein before described.
Seventh. The peculiar arrangement of the turn over table with its locking
device, substantially as herein before described.
Eighth. The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting a
moulding machine, substantially as herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 6 to 13 of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Wren, on behalf of John Hopkinson
and myself, have to this our Specification set my hand and seal, this
Fifteenth day of June, One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
Signed & sealed by the said
Henry Wren in the presence of
CHA. HOPKINSON,
Engineer, of Manchester.
HENRY WREN. (L.S.)