Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Feb., 1887
Complete Left, 9th Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 9th Dec., 1887
WILLIAM GENTLES of Cwm Avon Copper Works Port Talbot in the County of
Glamorgan Manufacturing Chemist and Works Manager do hereby declare the
nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
The said Invention relates to the very efficient elutriation of arsenic from copper
and consists in the conjoint use of oxide of manganese (preferably bin-oxide of
manganese) and carbonate of alkalis or alkaline earths or caustic alkalis or alkaline
earthis (preferably soda carbonate or soda ash).
The following is a manner in which my Invention may be effected, which I give
not as necessarily binding me to the precise details but as a further explanation of my
Invention.
Powdered bin-oxide of manganese and soda carbonate are thoroughly mixed-This
mixture I will call the "Eluter "-The "Eluter" is gradually added to the copper in
the roaster during the final stage and with the damper or dampers almost closed until
sufficient is supplied to effect the oxidation and combination of the arsenic present,
which is ensured by thoroughly mixing the "Eluter" with the molten copper.
The arsenic acid formed by the combination of the arsenic in the copper with the
oxygen liberated from the bin-oxide of manganese combines with the soda carbonate
forming arseniate of soda which can be skimmed off with the slag.
33
The "Eluter can similarly be used in the refining furnace or in any other
suitable part of the process of manufacture.
The slags formed are rich in arsenic and poor in copper and may be treated in a
cupola or otherwise.
I may use any carbonates of the alkalis or alkaline earths or caustic alkalis or
alkaline earths and I may use any of the oxides of manganese but on the scoro of
economy I prefer to use the bin-oxide of manganese and carbonate of soda.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agents for the said Wm. Gentles.

page_text: I WILLIAM GENTLES of Cwm-Avon Copper Works Port Talbot in the County of
Glamorgan Manufacturing Chemist & Works Manager do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The said Invention has for its main object to effect very efficiently the removal or
elutriation of Arsenic from Copper and consists in the conjoint use of oxide of
Manganese (preferably bin-oxide of Manganese) and Carbonate of alkalies or alkaline
earths or caustic alkalies or alkaline earths (preferably Soda Carbonato or Soda Ash).
The following is a manner in which my Invention may be carried into effect which
I give not as binding myself to the precise details but as a further explanation of my
Invention.
Powdered or roughly ground bin-oxide of Manganese and Soda Carbonate are
taken and they are thoroughly mixed together. A suitable proportion, is equal parts
of each by weight, but I do not limit myself to such proportion. This mixture I call
the "Eluter." The said "Eluter" is gradually added to the copper in the roaster
during the final stage of the roasting and with the damper or dampers almost closed
until sufficient of the "Eluter" is supplied to effect the oxidation and combination of
the arsenic present which oxidation and combination is ensured by thoroughly mixing
the "Eluter" with the molten copper.
The arsenic acid formed by the combination of the arsenic in the copper with the
oxygen liberated from the bin-oxide of Manganese combines with the Soda Carbonate
forming arseniate of Soda which is skimmed off the molten copper with the slags.
The slags formed are rich in arsenic and poor in copper and may be treated in a
cupola or otherwise for the obtainment of the copper therefrom.
The "Eluter " can be used in a like manner in the refining furnace or in any other
suitable part of the process of the manufacture of copper where the copper is in a
molten condition.
I do not limit myself to the use of bin-oxide of Manganese and Soda Carbonate as
I may use any Carbonates of the alkalies or alkaline earths or caustic alkalies or
alkaline earths and I may also use any of the oxides of Manganese but I prefer to use
bin-oxide of Manganese and Soda Carbonate as they are usually the most readily
available and the cheapest.
The treatment according to my Invention has the advantage that it will also remove
traces of Antimony that may be in the copper.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my Invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In the manufacture of copper the employment conjointly of Oxide of Manganese
and a Carbonate of an alkali or alkaline earth or a caustic alkali or alkaline earth
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
2. In the manufacture of copper the employment conjointly of bin-oxide of
Manganese and Soda Carbonate substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described.
Dated this 9th day of November 1887.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agents for the said William Gentles.