matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IM- PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR INCREASING THE SECURITY OF RAILWAY POINTS OR SWITCHES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Joseph Curtis at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th August 1875.
I, WILLIAM JOSEPH CURTIS, of Hornsey, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " IM-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR INCREASING THE SECURITY OF RAILWAY POINTS OR
SWITCHES," to be as follows:-
:-
This Invention relates to improved arrangements of apparatus whereby
a locomotive engine or carriage in running against a facing point or
switch acts automatically to close the point in the event of the point
being partially open. The points are also held immovably until the
train has passed.
The apparatus is specially applicable to switches made in accordance
with the principle described and shown in the Specification and
Drawings of Letters Patent granted to me, dated 7th February 1874,
No. 502, but the apparatus may be applied to switches of the ordinary
construction by means of suitable mechanism. For this purpose bars or
plates are arranged within and against the rail, which being connected

page_text: with the apparatus working the points, if the points should be partially
open the plate by the side of the rail will be partially raised above the
line of the track of the flange of the passing wheels which then depress
the bar and close the points which are held immovably until the train
has passed. Connection is made with a bolt or plate which is by this
means pressed against the apparatus of the switch which closes it if open,
and keeps the switch thus closed and immovable until the train has
passed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLUCOSE OR GRAPE SUGAR FROM RICE OR OTHER GRAIN
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Egerton Pearse, of No. 7, Oberstein Road,
New Wandsworth, in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLUCOSE OR GRAPE SUGAR FROM
RICE OR OTHER GRAIN."
Sealed the 16th October 1875, and dated the 23rd April 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Egerton Pearse
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 23rd April 1875.
I, EDWIN EGERTON PEARSE, of No. 7, Oberstein Road, New Wands-
worth, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLUCOSE OR GRAPE
SUGAR FROM RICE OR OTHER GRAIN," to be as follows :—

page_text: grain is converted into a saccharine liquid or glucose, or grape sugar
solution by one operation; and the rice or other grain is fed into the
saccharifier or digester by revolving feeders from hoppers; but although
this arrangement is of itself efficient it is liable at intervals to become
choked by the smaller particles and dust of the grain forming with the
heat a gluten to clog the motion of the revolving feed chambers, by
which a certain amount of time is lost, but I have found that by allowing
a small jet of water to flow into the feed troughs with the grain this evil
is entirely avoided.
The object of this Invention is to introduce a stream of water or other
suitable liquid into the feed troughs with the grain. The quantity
of water or liquid thus introduced may be varied, but to a saccharifier
capable of holding 8,000 gallons a stream that will flow through a tap
of one-half inch diameter with ordinary pressure is sufficient.
By the employment of these improvements I am enabled also
efficiently to operate on broken and refuse grain as well as on grain that
has been previously reduced to small particles or powder.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPA
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Schofield, Henry Gledhill, and Henry
Watson, in the Employ of the Firm of Wm. Edleston & Co., of
Sowerby Bridge, in the County of York, Dyers, Stovers, and
Finishers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPA-
Sealed the 12th April 1876, and dated the 14th October 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Schofield, Henry
Gledhill and Henry Watson at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 14th October 1875.
WC, JOHN SCHOFIELD, HENRY GLEDHILL, and HENRY WATSON, in the
Employ of the Firm of W. Edleston & Co., of Sowerby Bridge, in the
County of York, Dyers, Stovers, and Finishers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS
FOR FINISHING WOVEN FABRICS," to be as follows :-

page_text: apparatus. The said steam cylinder or cylinders is or are placed between
the washing and drying apparatus abovo refered to, and are capable of
rotating. The fabric after leaving the washing apparatus is conducted
by guide rollers around the said perforated cylinders, the guide rollers
being arranged so that the fabric may embrace as much of the cir-
cumference of the cylinder as possible.
If more than one steam cylinder be employed the fabric is passed
around each of them in succession, in the same or similar manner as in
the first referred to, and passes thence to and around the cylinders of the
drying apparatus.
During the passage of the fabric from the washing to the drying
apparatus it is subjected to as many successive steamings as there are
perforated cylinders employed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Schofield, Henry Gledhill, and Henry Watson
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th April 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
SCHOFIELD, HENRY GLEDHILL, and HENRY WATSON, in the Employ of
the Firm of W. Edleston & Co., of Sowerby Bridge, in the County of
York, Dyers, Stovers, and Finishers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said John Schofield, Henry Gledhill, and
Henry Watson, Her special licence that we, the said John Schofield,
Henry Gledhill, and Henry Watson, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said John Schofield, Henry Gledhill,
and Henry Watson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully

page_text: and drying apparatus, in manner substantially as herein shewn and
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Schofield, for and on behalf
of myself and the said Henry Gledhill and Henry Watson, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of April, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
six.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO COLLAPSIBLE TUBES FOR HOLDING MOIST OR LIQUID COLOURS, AND OTHER MOIST OR LIQUID SUBSTANCES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Rowland Holyoake at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 25th June 1875.
I, WALTER BOWLAND HOLYOAKE, of Marylebone Road, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO COLLAPSIBLE TUBES FOR HOLDING MOIST
OR LIQUID COLOURS, AND OTHER MOIST OR LIQUID SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
The Invention has reference to tubes of the character or description
ordinarily used by artists for oil and moist water colours, and to other
tubes or holders serving a similar purpose, whether of india-rubber, skin,
oiled silk, leather, or any other convenient material, and comprises the
combination or adaptation of a roller or winder, with or applicable to
the tube at one end thereof, for the purpose of gradually expelling the
3 contents at the other.
In practice a stout or bent wire or a wooden roller or winder will be
convenient and may be soldered or otherwise affixed, or not being
affixed may be applied to the back or bottom end, and it will be

page_text: convenient that such roller or winder should have a finger piece or
handle for turning it; the intention being that when turned the tube
will become flattened or collapsed and wound upon it. An ordinary
_screw or any other convenient nozzle or stopper is intended.
Among other uses the Invention is applicable to temporarily holding &
mustard, and also salad dressing, jellies, and other like articles.
Ar IMPROVED Caster for FURNITURE AND OTHER Purposes
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jeyes at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
September 1875.
I, JOHN JEYES, of Plaistow, in the County of Essex, Chemist, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Ar IMPROVED
Caster for FURNITURE AND OTHER Purposes,” to be as follows:—
My said Invention relates to ball-and-socket casters and consists in a
novel and simple device, whereby the easy working or rolling of the ball
within the socket in any direction is obtained without the use of
antifriction rollers or balls or similar expedients.
My improved caster has a socket of brass or other suitable material
properly constructed to fit and be secured upon the leg of a table or
other furniture, or upon a truck or hand barrow or other article or
structure to which it may be applied. When used for furniture the
said socket may be ornamented or finished in any desired style to suit
the character of the furniture.
The part which receives the ball is cup shaped, and is preferably so
formed as to allow the ball to be inserted and then be closed over the

page_text: said ball to prevent its dropping out of the socket when the table or
other article to which it is applied is lifted.
The peculiar feature of this Invention is the employment of a bearing
surface for the ball with a number of points or projections, which rest
upon the ball in such a position as to allow the same while bearing the
full weight of whatever it has to support to turn or roll with very little
friction in any direction. This peculiarly shaped bearing surface may
be formed solidily in the socket, or may be a plate of hardened steel or
other metal secured within the said socket. The space between the
bearing points or projections may be about a fourth of the diameter of
the ball; I prefer to have three of these bearing points or projections,
but any other convenient number may be adopted if desired according
to the size of the caster.
The ball may be of metal, glass, porcelain, or other suitable material,
and of any desired diameter. And one advantage of my Invention is
that absolute accuracy or truth in the formation of the balls is not so
essential as in other ball casters.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEAKS OR APPARATUS FOR INDICATING, RECORDING, OR REGISTERING THE NUMBER of Articles on Garments Sent to Laundries, and fOR OTHER SIMILAR Purfoses
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by Henry Russell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
January 1875.
I, HENRY RUSSELL, of Ramsgate, in the County of Kent, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MEAKS OR APPARATUS FOR INDICATING, RECORDING, OR REGISTERING THE NUMBER
of Articles on Garments Sent to Laundries, and fOR OTHER SIMILAR Purfoses,”
to be as follows :-
-
The main object of this Invention is to afford an casy, satisfactory,
readily checked, and accurate indication, record, or register of the
number of garments and other articles sent to laundries.
A very
important matter in households of all classes, in schools, and in public
institutions.
The means or apparatus which I employ consist of a plate, tablet,
surface, or sheet made of cardboard, thin metal, or other sufficiently
rigid material which is marked with or which carries any number of
dials marked respectively with the names of the various garments or
articles. Each dial being graduated or divided off and numbered, and I

page_text: provide each dial with a pointer, needle, or index which can be moved
to any required number, position, or graduation on the dial, and held in
such position by a spring or other means, at pleasure. Or a single dial
may be divided into a number of sections, each section corresponding
with or being appropriated to the numbering of any desired garment or t
article, and being graduated, marked, or divided accordingly. Each such
section is provided with a pointer, index, curser (or cursor), runner, or
sliding stud working in a slide groove or slot. Or the sections or
divisions graduated as described, may, instead of being arranged in a
circular or dial form, be disposed in an oval form, or in a right line, or in 1
any other convenient form or disposition; the indexes, pointers, cursers,
or sliding studs are fitted, disposed, actuated, and guided accordingly;
springs or other stops are provided to retain the indexes or pointers at
the required position..
The pointers, runners, or cursers may be moved by hand or otherwise. :
There may be any number of dials or graduated surfaces on the samo
tablet. The dials or graduated surfaces may be moved instead of the
pointers. The tablet may be portable or a fixture.
AN IMPROVED DEVICE FOR LIFTING AND HOLDING UP THE SKIRTS OF LADIES' DRESSES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Emily Stewart Kerr at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with her Petition, on the
13th October 1875.
I, EMILY STEWART KERR, of Ladbroke Grove Road, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED DEVICE FOR LIFTING AND HOLDING UP THE SKIRTS OF LADIES'
DRESSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to devices for lifting and holding up the skirts
of ladies' dresses in walking. The said Invention comprises the employ-
ment of a belt provided with cords connected with the skirt of the dress,
and so arranged at the front of the same that by drawing the free ends
of the said cords the skirt will be raised. The said belt or band has
attached to it a flap or short skirt, said flap and belt being provided
with a tube or tubes of india-rubber or other flexible material. These
tubes are so arranged that their lower ends extend downward toward
the bottom of the skirt; through these tubes I pass a cord of suitable
material, the upper ends of which I extend to the front of the belt.
Upon the inner side of the dress skirt I attach rings or loops in suitable
positions, through which I pass the cords, the ends of the latter being

page_text: provided with small metal tags or pieces which facilitate the introduction
of the cords and prevent their being drawn out of the rings or loops.
I fasten the said belt around the waist beneath the dress, or it may be
attached to the inside of the dress and fastened at the front as the dress
is fastened. The front ends of the cords are then carried through a
small aperture at the front or some other convenient part of the dress,
and provided with buttons or other devices to prevent the withdrawal
of the cords. These buttons or other articles are used for pulling the
cord when the dress skirt is to be raised, and they are released when it
is desired to allow the skirt to fall, the weight of the material of the
dress is usually sufficient to cause the skirt immediately to drop to
its full extent, but if the dress is composed of light material the skirts
may be weighted.
I usually provide the front end of the cord with a piece of elastic
AN IMPROVED COMBINed Pipe CASE, TOBACCO STOPPER, AND PIPE BRUSH
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Wade at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd April
1875.
I, BENJAMIN WADE, of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED COMBINed Pipe
CASE, TOBACCO STOPPER, AND PIPE BRUSH," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to and consists in the construction and com-
bination of a pipe case with a combined tobacco stopper and pipe brush,
the object of the Invention being to enable smokers to carry about with
them in a simple and convenient form a case for the pipe also containing
the instruments or appliances for stoppering or pressing the tobacco into
the pipe, and for freeing or cleaning the pipe tube from any accumulated
juice or other obstruction.
The pipe case is so constructed that in one of its parts between the
lining and the outside of the case there is formed a longitudinal recess,
groove, or hole.
The tobacco stopper is made of a flattened, circular, or other suitable
piece of metal, and is combined with the pipe brush by being affixed to

page_text: one end of a wire or rod, to the other end of which a small brush
attachment is suitably fastened or connected. The brush end of this
combined stopper and brush when not required for use is passed through
the hole or opening into the longitudinal recess or groove in the pipe
case, and is pushed in the whole length of the rod, the stopper then
abutting against the end of the pipe case, and affording a ready means of
instant removal when wanted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING TEMPLES FOR Looms
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Hall and David Hall at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 4th February 1875.
We, JAMES HALL and DAVID HALL, both of Glossop, in the County
of Derby, Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING TEMPLES FOR Looms," to be as follows:-
The object of our Invention is to take hold of the selvages and to keep
the cloth distended to the full width of the reed when it is delivered to
the emery or other taking-up roller.
Our improved temples consist of two endless straps or chains which
are provided with pins for taking hold of the selvages. These straps or
chains pass around three rollers or guides, one near the fell of the cloth,
one in front of the breast beam, and the other near the emery or taking-
up roller; the pins on these straps or chains hold the selvages until the
cloth is wound up. Between the reed and the straps or chains is a small
spiked roller, and a guide pin or another small spiked roller to convey

page_text: the cloth from the reed to the straps or chains, and between the straps
or chains and the emery or taking up roller are two small guide rollers,
one of which holds the selvage on to the pins, and the other prevents
the selvage rising off the pins until the pins are drawn out by the strap
or chain as it passes back towards the reed.
AN IMPROVED WEFT STOP MOTION FOR LOOMs
Year: 1875

page_text: .
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 18th March 1875.—A communication from abroad by Thomas
Isherwood, of Westerby, County of Washington, State of Rhode
Island, United States of America.
-
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED WEFT STOP MOTION FOR LOOMs," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is to contrive a simple and efficient weft
stop motion, whereby the tension of the weft against the feelers when
the shuttle flies from box to box, and during the time the lathe is going
back will actuate them, or in the absence of the weft will cause the
shipper to be thrown off a half a revolution sooner than when the action
is caused by the weft being carried against the feelers by the reed,
thereby stopping the loom in the same pick in which the weft breaks,
and saving loss of time and waste of yarn, as all the picks made in fancy
looms using two or more shuttles after the break have to be taken out

page_text: by the weaver. It is also so designed that it will not be in the way of
the weaver in taking out and putting in the shuttles.
According to this Invention a couple of feelers are arranged on a
rock shaft along the inside of the front beam, so that they can slide in
blocks lengthwise, and they are each provided with a light spring for
pushing them out towards the end. The power of the springs is intended
to be less than the tension of the weft, by which it is designed that the
feelers shall be pressed back when the weft is delivered all right, so
that the end next to the beam will catch under an elbow lever pivoted
on the beam and connected with a rod having a V shaped bend, in which
a tripping hook rests, and pull the rod so that it will raise the hook up
in a slotted plate on the lathe sword and hold it so that it will not be
pulled back, and thus will not throw off the shipper lever by pulling the
lever to which it is attached; but when the weft breaks and fails to
push the feeler back, the rod on which the hooked tripping rod rests
will remain at rest, holding the latter down so that the slotted plate will
catch it when the lathe goes back, and thus pull off the shipper. The
rock shaft is turned to throw up the feelers in the warp, just before the
shuttle comes out of the box, by a tilting roller cam mounted in a
swinging block on the lathe, which presses down a cam lever when the
lathe runs back, the lever being connected to a rock shaft by a rod and
a short arm
The lever is thrown un and the foalana ammung down again.
A NEW OR IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF CHECK REIN AND KICKING STRAP
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Day at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
June 1875.
I, GEORGE DAY, of 16, Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW OR IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF CHECK REIN AND KICKING STRAP,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a new or improved arrangement of check
rein and kicking strap.
According to this Invention I employ a loop passing round the neck
of the horse, and so arranged that it may be readily contracted and so
compress the throat of the horse. The arrangement consists of an eyelet
or loop with or without rollers buckled to the head piece of the bridle,
through which eyelet the two opposite ends of a round or flat strap are
passed. The loop thus formed is passed round the neck of the horse,
and may be contracted or decreased in size by drawing the ends of the
strap further through the eyelet. To get a purchase for pulling when
required these ends are passed through the cheeks or rings of the bit

page_text: and are then disposed according to whether the Invention is to be used.
for a check rein or kicking strap. If for a check rein the ends of the
said strap are provided with rings to be buckled in the usual way to the
ordinary spare reins and handled and used accordingly. If for a kicking
strap the ends of the strap are continued and passed through the
hames and terrets, and a loop on the crouper strap and buckled to the
bar.
The action is as follows:-If the horse attempts to kick he will
thereby raise his hind quarters and so draw the ends of the loop, thus
tightening it on his throat and causing him to desist.
G
When the Invention is used as a combined check rein and kicking
strap the check reins are connected with the above arrangement at any
convenient point, so that they may be used separately to tighten the
loop when required.
Modo
That part of the loop directly under the throat of the horse is provided
with a blade spring a few inches in length to spread the loop and
release the pressure on the throat directly the pull on the loop is
slackened! oortools folumul Ty
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED IN MIXING OR PREPARING THE BEVERAGES CALLED TODDIES AND NEGUSES, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Herbert Williams at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 3rd June 1875.
I, WILLIAM HERBERT WILLIAMS, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED IN MIXING OR PREPARING THE
BEVERAGES CALLED TODDIES AND NEGUSES, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," to be
as follows:-
My Invention consists of a new or improved apparatus, constructed as
herein-after described, to be used in mixing or preparing the beverages
called toddies and neguses, and for other like purposes.
The said apparatus serves to mix and measure the liquid ingredients
of the beverages, and to crush the sugar of the beverages.
The upper part or head of the apparatus consists of a cup or measure
connected by means of rods to a hollow and perforated foot or base.
Passing from the centre and lowest part of the cup or measure is a taper
or cylindrical tube, its lower end opening into the hollow and perforated
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FIRE-ARMS & PROJECTILES FOR THE SAME
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Evans Lidiard Dawson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 22nd November 1875.
I, GEORGE EVANS LIDIARD DAWSON, at present residing at Devon
House, South Penge Park, Anerley, Surrey, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
FIRE-ARMS & PROJECTILES FOR THE SAME," to consist of a heavy breech
of steel or other metal, or combination of metals in the form of a
mortar, but which can be either cylindrical or square, or of such
weight and size as may be required, the front end of the breech being
concave, either conical or cylindrical. From the centre of the interior,
at the concave end of the breech, a shaft of metal is securely fixed
parallel to the sides and top of the said breech on which breech the
sights are fitted. The breech is mounted by trunions on a turntable or
gun carriage, allowing it to be elevated or depressed as required, the
carriage to be of sufficient weight and strength to resist recoil as much
as possible. A section of the shaft above alluded to can be either round,
oval, or polygon in form, and the shaft is of such length and diametre

page_text: as is necessary for the discharge of the projectile. The surface of the
shaft is either plain or spirally grooved or twisted.
The charge of powder or other explosive material is to be fixed at the
end of the shaft furthest from the breech, or at the base of the bore in
the projectile, herein-after described, and is to be ignited by electricity,
or a fulminate placed at the end of the charge.
Where great velocity or range is required a second charge of powder
or other explosive material is to be added round the base of the shaft
in the interior of the breech, the charge being arranged to ignite simul-
.taneously with the charge in the projectile and in a similar manner.
The projectile used is to be round, oval, conical, or cylindrical, or
partly one and partly the other, to be made of one or more metals fitted
with or without spiral flanges on the outer surface, or a part thereof, to
give it a circular motion when discharged. The projectile at one end is
bored out from one-half to nine-tenths of its length, fitting on the shaft
in the breech before described. The bore of the projectile may also be
rifled to fit a corresponding grooving on the shaft, the projectile to be of
such strength as to resist the charge of powder or other explosive
material used for propelling it, which is placed either at the end of the
shaft or at the base of the bore of the projectile, as described above.
AN IMPROVED 'TILL' OR RECEPTACLE FOR MONEY
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Griffin at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
April 1875.
I, WILLIAM GRIFFIN, of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED 'TILL' OR
RECEPTACLE FOR MONEY," to be as follows.
-
The object of this Invention is to facilitate the operations of receiving
and changing money, and also to provide a check upon the person in
charge.
An open tray or receptacle is divided into compartments, each com-
partment being allotted specially for the reception of one species of
current coin, as many compartments being provided as there are different
kinds of coin in circulation. In connexion with this tray is a box or
closed receptacle divided into compartments similarly to the tray. Coin
is admitted into each of the compartments through a shit sufficiently
large to admit the coin to be dropped into it. A bell is placed within
each compartment of the box, upon which the coin falls, causing it_to
vibrate or sound,

page_text: Before commencing to take money a quantity of the different kinds
of coin is placed in the compartments of the tray, the total amount being
known to the proprietor or owner of the money.
When any com is presented to the person in charge in payment of
goods or other consideration, if the amount is sufficient for such payment 5
and no more, the person in charge at once drops the money into its
proper compartment, which will be testified by the bell within. If
change is to be given the coin given by the purchaser is placed on the
open tray, and a similar amount taken therefrom, part of which is given
back to the purchaser as change," and the remainder placed in 1
the compartment of the closed box devoted to the particular kind of
coin.
I purpose to have the bells in the compartments tuned or of different
sounds, so that any one accustomed thereto within hearing may tell what
kind of now has hoon dronned into the till or closed hov
1
AN IMPROVED ROTATORY ENGINE
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pierre Samain at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th April
1875.
I, PIERRE SAMAIN, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris, in the
Republic of France, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED ROTATORY ENGINE," to be as follows, that
is to say:
My Invention consists in the construction of an improved rotary
engine or machine which may be employed as a motor, a pump, or as a
meter, and for other purposes.
The machine is constructed of a circular drum mounted on a rotating
axis. The drum is provided with flat paddles which can slide in
mortices, and arranged in pairs following the diameters. Each two
paddles are united together by spring rods in such a manner that the
sum of their lengths is always the same. The drum turns in a cylindrical
cavity, the upper part of which exactly fits or presses on a certain length
of the arc of the circle described by the surface of the drum, whilst the
lower part widens and is represented by an arc of a circle having the

page_text: same centre and same angle as the bottom. These two arcs of circles
are joined by two suitable curves so as to form a continuous surface.
On each of these curved surfaces at the places where they touch the
extremities of the upper large arc are two openings or orifices, serving as
the inlet and outlet for the liquid passing through the apparatus.
'
If the machine be employed as a hydraulic motor the action would be
as follows:-The water entering through the herein-before described
inlet will act on the paddles as on a piston, and will cause the drum to
turn. The upper ends of these paddles will remain level with tho
surface of the drum whilst passing over the whole length of the small
upper arc, and their lower extremities will slide on the surface of the
large upper are of the cavity without the paddles changing their place
lengthwise in their diametrical mortices. Directly one of the paddles
has reached the extremity of the lower are it meets the joining curve
which forces it gradually to enter its mortice, whilst the end of the
corresponding paddle projects from the drum an equal distance.
When the first paddle in continuing its movement reaches the com-
mencement of the small upper arc it is level with the surface of the
drum whilst the opposite end of the corresponding paddle reaches the
maximum of its projection and arrives at the commencement of the
lower large arc. The movement is thus continued. in such a manner
that the pressure of the water only acts on the paddles during the time
that they do not move in their mortices, their sliding movement in their
mortices only taking place at those points in their course where they
have no strain to bear.
IMPROVED MEANS FOR PREVENTING THE OVERHEATING OF THE BEARINGS OF RAILWAY AND OTHER AXLES AND SHAFTS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Ohapman at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
September 1875.-A communication from abroad by B. M.
Livermore, of New York, United States of America.
I, GEORGE CHAPMAN, of Queen's Buildings, Queen Victoria Street,
in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention of "IMPROVED MEANS FOR PREVENTING THE OVERHEATING OF THE
BEARINGS OF RAILWAY AND OTHER AXLES AND SHAFTS," communicated to me
from abroad by B. M. Livermore, of New York, United States of
America, to be as follows:-
According to this Invention a chamber is formed within the journals
of railway carriage and other axles and shafts, the chamber or passage
extending from the ends through the entire length of the axle or shaft,
such chamber or passage being supplied with water or other liquid and
tightly closed. The contained water will prevent any injurious heating
of the journals by absorbing and radiating the heat as fast as it may be
generated.

page_text: The body of the axle and the journals may be of the customary form,
a central longitudinal chamber being formed by boring or otherwise,
which is tightly closed at the ends by plugs or other means, which are
perfectly constructed in the form of screws of copper or other metal.
By making them of copper or brass, which expands more than iron
under the influence of heat, all danger is avoided of their becoming
loose by the expansion of the annular journals. The hollow axle is
filled or partially filled with water, which absorbs the heat that may
be generated on the journals by use, and prevents the possibility of
overheating.
The chamber should be three parts filled with fresh water, so as to
contain air as well.
The utility of the Invention consists in providing a hollow axle, which
may be precisely similar to a common axle in all its external features,
and employing a permanently inclosed body of water to conduct heat
from the journals and distribute it over a sufficiently large surface of
the axle to cause its escape by ordinary radiation, thus preventing the
overheating of the journals.
Hollow axles are being introduced in this country as cheaper and
stronger than solid axles, and to utilize this Invention it is only
necessary to partly fill them with fresh water and seal them her-
metically.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO UMBRELLAS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Wrench at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
September 1875.
I, THOMAS WRENCH, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND APPLICABLE TO UMBRELLAS," to be as follows:-
:-
My Invention relates,-
Firstly. To providing a waterproof cap at the top of umbrellas to
protect the silk from wear, and to preserve the joint where the ribs are
attached to the ferrule at the top of the umbrella.
Secondly. To a method of attaching the silk to the cap or ferrule of
the umbrella, and to the ribs or frame of the umbrella.
Thirdly. To making the covers of umbrellas detacheable and of
different sizes, so that the umbrella cover may be an article of manu-
facture independent of the frame and may be sold independently thereof,
so that when the covering of an umbrella is worn out a new silk or
other covering may be purchased of a given size and attached to the
umbrella frame by an unskilled person.

page_text: In carrying out my Invention I form the conical cap or ferrule which
covers the top joints of the umbrella frame with a groove or ridge, and
round this groove or ridge I attach a circular sheet of india-rubber or
other waterproof material, of say, four or six inches diameter. This
-india-rubber-comes over the top joint of the umbrella frame and under
the covering of the umbrella and protects the joint from damp, and¯
thereby preserves the same. The cover is also protected by the inter-
vening sheet of rubber from wearing by rubbing against the joint.
In constructing covers of umbrellas I form such covers in sections of
suitable fabric in the usual way; the top of the cover I stitch or
otherwise attach to a metal ring, the ring being of size and form to suit
and spring into the groove of the conical cap or ferrule at the top of the
umbrella; the bottom of the cover I attach to the ends of the frame
with metal studs or fasteners, or the cover may be stitched to the ends
of the frame in the usual way.
In manufacturing umbrellas according to my Invention I designate
umbrellas by sizes, and I also designate the umbrella covers by sizes, so
that when a cover is worn out a new cover can be purchased of size to
suit the umbrella frame, and by my Invention can be easily applied or
attached to the umbrella frame in lieu of the old cover.
I perforate the bottom of the conical cap or ferrule with holes, so
that any moisture running down the umbrella on to the joint will drain
away and not collect in the joint.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING SIDE TEMPLES USED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Lupton, Henry Edward
Lupton, and John Clegg Lupton at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 5th March 1875.
We, WILLIAM LUPTON, HENRY EDWARD LUPTON, and JOHN OLEGG
LUPTON, of Grange Lane Ironworks, Accrington, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING SIDE TEMPLES USED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
TEXTILE FABRICS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to self-acting temples used for holding out or
maintaining the width of the fabric during the process of weaving, and
consists in improved arrangements for enabling the temples to be adapted
for holding out at the required tension any kind of fabric, from very
light to very strong, thereby greatly assisting the process of weaving,
securing better selvages, and effecting a considerable economy in the
reeds and healds.
The temple heads, each consisting of a bottom box and top cap, are
arranged to receive any number of rollers, there being a temple head at
each side of the cloth or fabric attached to a tension bar or bars, supported

page_text: by springs or other ordinary means to the loom framing. Hitherto the
rollers in the temple heads have either worked parallel with cach other
or at an angle which could not be altered on account of the axes or pivots
of the rollers working in stationary bearings.
We arrange each temple head so that either the bottom box or top t
cap can receive one, two, or more toothed rollers, the pivots of which are
supported in bearings in a frame or carrier, one end of which is placed
on a pivot, so that the bearings and rollers can be moved to any required
position or angle in relation to the reed, or when desired wo attain the
same object by swivelling from the centre of the bottom box or top cap, 1
and in both cases by means of an adjusting screw, wheel rack, or wedge
and screw,
or by any other well-known means. And by this arrangement
they may be kept stationary at any required position or angle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN NAILS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES, AND AN IMPROVED INSTRUMENT TO BE EMPLOYED TO PIERCE THE HOLES FOR SUCH NAILS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Eugène Derigny and Edouard
Tallon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 26th February 1875.
We, EUGÈNE DERIGNY, of Mortimer Street, Cavendish Square, and
EDOUARD TALLON, of Oxford Street, both in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
NAILS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES, AND AN
IMPROVED INSTRUMENT TO BE EMPLOYED TO PIERCE THE HOLES FOR SUCH NAILS,"
to be as follows:-
The heads of the nails are made much stronger than the stem or
shank and extend considerably beyond it. They have in the length of
the stem or shank one or more retaining notches formed by projecting
angles or cut in the sides of the stem or shank in order to retain them
firmly in the leather when once placed in position. The stems or shanks
may be without notches. The head of the nail being stronger than the
shank or stem should be embedded in the leather, and is applicable to
the soles as well as the heels in such manner that the metal and the
leather form a plane surface without appreciable projections or
roughness.

page_text: The heads of the nails may be made of different forms, that is to say,
square, oblong, round, oval, star, lozenge, or other desired form. The
shank or stem has the length sufficient and necessary in order that the
nail may be solidly and sufficiently embedded in the leather. The nail
may be made of iron, steel, cast iron, brass, or copper.
The instrument to be employed for the purpose of piercing the holes
for the nails is a tool formed of iron or steel of a suitable length and
form, but having at its acting head the diameter of the length of the
nail heads, and has the form of the head of the nail.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO POUCHES AND OTHER LIKE RECEPTACLES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Macintosh Macintosh at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 12th November 1875.
I, JOHN MACINTOSH MACINTOSH, of Wilson Street, Finsbury, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO POUCHES AND OTHER LIKE RECEPTACLES," to be
as follows:-
One part of my Invention consists in the application of almanacks,
calendars, or other useful tables of reference, to india-rubber or other
tobacco pouches or other receptacles of like nature; this I accomplish
by lithography, but the tables of reference may be applied to the said
articles by other suitable means.
Another part of my Invention consists in embossing sheets of india.
rubber or its compounds by means of plates or rollers so as to imitate
leather or morocco, and making the said sheets so embossed up into
tobacco receptacles as is well understood.

page_text: The last part of my Invention consists in the application of cloth or
other suitable fabric coated with india-rubber or its compounds, which
is embossed by means of rollers or plates so as to resemble morocco or
leather, and making the same up into receptacles for tobacco or for
other substances requiring to be kept moist.
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OR ARRANGEMENT OF MOULDS OR CORES FOR CASTING PIPES, TUBES, AND ANALOGOUS ARTICLES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Toussaint at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
August 1875.
I, JOSEPH TOUSSAINT, of Alexandra Villa, Sparkbrook, Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OR ARRANGEMENT OF MOULDS OR CORES
FOR CASTING PIPES, TUBES, AND ANALOGOUS ARTICLES," to be as follows :-
This Invention relates to improved construction or arrangement of
moulds or cores for casting pipes, tubes, and analogous articles, and
consists of an inner tube or it may be a solid plug with radial projections
upon the outside, each projection having a base of less width than the
outer face. Upon this tube or plug I arrange grooved bars the shape in
cross section corresponding to the shape of the radial projections but
slightly larger, a space being left between the projections and the
grooved bars to permit of the shrinkage or contraction of the metal pipe
when cast thereon. The grooved bars have flanges on their inner faces
which meet or almost meet at the edges which rest upon the central pipe
or plug, and the grooved bars have springs fitted within them to bear
upon the radial ribs, which springs also permit of the grooved bars.

page_text: approaching the central tube or plug on the contraction of the metal
taking place.
The core or mould made up of the central tube and the grooved bars
are coated with loam or other usual refractory material to the desired
thickness, and arranged in a box or exterior frame, between which and 5
the core the fluid metal to form the pipe is poured.
The exterior portion of the mould or box can be arranged with radial
ribs on the interior, and these may have grooved bars to fit them as for
the cores, the inner face being coated with loam in the usual manner.
The coating of loam according to the foregoing plan is so to speak
divided into segments, and when the casting is complete the central
tube or plug can be withdrawn "end on," the grooved bars with the
separate coatings of loam being then free to be removed by hand.
1
AN IMPROVEMENT IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, WALKING STICKS, RIDING WHIPS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Francis Kain at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th March 1875.
I, JOHN FRANCIS KAIN, of Fleur-de-Lis Street, Norton Folgate, in the
County of Middlesex, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, WALKING
STICKS, RIDING WHIPS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in forming a recess, hollow, socket, or receptacle
in the handle or upper part of the umbrella, parasol, stick, whip, or like
article capable of being opened and closed by a screw top or otherwise,
and in fitting therein a powder puff, ivory puff, or rouge puff, so that it
may be taken in and out without difficulty. I sometimes fit in such
socket, receptacle, or recess, with or without the puff a set of fittings
and implements such as are used in what is known as a "ladies'
companion" (housewifery implements such as needles, cotton, thimble,

page_text: and scissors), a tablet or memorandum book and pencil, or sketching and
drawing pencils, may also be fitted therein. The recess, receptacle, or
socket may be shaped or disposed to receive a railway ticket, and other
articles or objects can be placed in such receptacle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF THE SOLUTIONS OF ANILINE COLOURS FOR PRODUCING PIGMENTS THEREFROM
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Field at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
August 1875.
I, FREDERICK FIELD, of Hithergreen Lodge, Lewisham, in the County
of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF THE SOLUTIONS OF ANILINE COLOURS FOR
PRODUCING PIGMENTS THEREFROM," to be as follows :—
My Invention has for its object to obtain the various aniline colours
in the form of powder or pigments from solutions thereof, in order to
render them applicable for painting. For this purpose I precipitate the
colouring matter from the solutions by the addition thereto of one of
the artificially prepared silicates, of which I prefer to employ the
silicates of magnesia, lime, strontia, or baryta. The precipitated com-
pound of colouring matter and silicate is filtered and dried by any
ordinary process, and the resulting powder may then be manufactured
into pigments in the same way as other colouring matters.