IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PIPES FOR SANITARY OR OTHER PURPOSES "
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hosea Tugby of Woodville in the County of Leicester
Manufacturer of Pottery Ware and Sanitary Pipes for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
PIPES FOR SANITARY OR OTHER PURPOSES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hosea Tugby at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th February 1883.
HOSEA TUGBY of Woodville in the County of Leicester Manufacturer of
Pottery Ware and Sanitary pipes
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PIPES FOR SANITARY OR OTHER PURPOSES
"
My Invention has for its principal object to provide means whereby the
manufacture of pipes for Sanitary or other purposes such for example as for
chimney pots or the like by a continuous process which whilst expediting the
manufacture renders unnecessary manual labor at intermediate parts of the process
which has hitherto resulted in many accidents.
In arranging the machinery or apparatus according to my Invention I so
combine the various portions of the whole system that the raw clay is conducted
throughout the system and issues from the mould or moulds as perfected pipes
without the necessity for hand labor as aforesaid
The system of machinery consists Firstly of the means by which the clay is
ground or reduced Secondly of the pug mill and thirdly of the pipe machines
To the revolving pan or the rollers the raw clay is hauled up in trolleys by a rope
and roller or other equivalent means and is tipped into the said grinding or
reducing mechanism From this it falls or is conducted to the pug mill first
passing if necessary through a sieve the coarser portions returning to the grinding
or reducing mechanism-Where the pug mill is arranged at a greater elevation
than the grinding or reducing mechanism the clay may fall into the buckets of an
elevator which will carry it up and discharge it into the pug mill or into
the screen

page_text: The pug mill is arranged above the pipe making machine or machines with its
discharge openings in such proximity to the inlets to the pipe machine or machines
that the clay when pugged is conducted or allowed to pass directly into the said
machine or machines. The pug mill openings are or may be provided with doors
for regulating the amount of clay passed into the machines in accordance with the
size of pipes being made. The shafts and pulleys by which the various moving
parts are actuated may be arranged in such relation that they may be all driven
at the requisite relative speeds from a first motion shaft-The pipe machines are
improved as follows:-
The outer loose ring part of the die to form the flange is made in separate loose
rings or parts and the top die plate fixed to the bottom part of the machine has
formed on or fixed to it studs or guides with shoulders or projecting portions at
such distances that when the flange of the pipe is moulded and the sliding part
released the first or upper loose ring and the second or lower loose ring descend
together until the first ring rests on the first shoulders on the guides when the
second ring descends further until it rests upon the lower shoulders of the said
_guides. The outer part of the flange die is thereby thoroughly and gradually
opened out. The one loose ring may correspond to the inclined outer part of the
flange and the other to the straight or parallel part In order to ease the action of
the crank which holds up the sliding part of the machine whilst the flange is being
formed I provide it with a loose running roller upon which the supporting rod
rests when the flange is being formed.
-
In order to cut off the pipe when moulded to the requisite length I provide
grooves holes or recesses in the die plato fixed to the under part of the machine
and on both sides of the orifice for the pipe therein-In these holes slide rods or
bars from which project pieces carrying a wire or cutter so that by drawing forward
these rods when the requisite length of pipe is made the said wire or cutter passes
through the clay close up to the exit or bottom side of the plate and outs off the
pipe cleanly and truly.
The outside of the machine body may be strengthened with ribs and vertical
ribs may be made in the interior to prevent the clogging of the Clay round the
screw or rising of the Clay in the machine-The propelling screw has an extending
diameter towards its lower part to increase the power at that part with the object
of making the sockets more perfectly
There may be one pipe machine or several such machines in connection with one
or more than one pug mill either in vertical horizontal or other position and each
pipe machine may be constructed to mould one pipe or several pipes at the same
time

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Hosca Tugby in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th August
1883.
HOSEA TUGBY of Woodville in the County of Leicester Manufacturer of Pottery
ware and Sanitary pipes. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF PIPES FOR SANITARY AND OTHER PURPOSES
"
My said Invention has for its object to provide means whereby the manufacture
of pipes for sanitary and other purposes such for example as chimney pots or
the like may be carried on by a continuous process which whilst expediting the
manufacture renders unnecessary manual labour at intermediate parts of the
process which has hitherto resulted in many accidents.
In carrying out my Invention I so combine and arrange the various machinery
or apparatus forming the whole system that the raw clay is conducted throughout
the system and issues from the mould or moulds as perfected pipes without the
necessity for hand labour as aforesaid
The system of machinery consists first of the means by which the clay is ground
or reduced; secondly of the pug mill or pugmills and thirdly of the moulding
machine or machines
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures on the annexed sheet of drawings the same letters of Reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 of my drawings represents in elevation and partial section a combina-
tion of apparatus constructed and arranged according to my Invention for preparing
the clay and moulding pipes therefrom and figure 2 is a vertical section of my
improved pipe moulding machine with the parts in position for commencing the
moulding of a pipe and figure 3 is a sectional elevation of the moulding machine
with the parts in the position they occupy when the pipe is moulded. Fig. 4 is a
detail of the cutting mechanism
The raw clay from which the pipes are to be moulded is first pulverized or
ground in any suitable grinding apparatus such for example as that shewn at A
consisting of a pair of rollers or edge runners B B working in a shallow pan or
saucer Cinto which pan or saucer the raw clay may be fed by any suitable means-
When however (as shewn in my drawing) the grinding machine is situated above
the level of the ground and it is necessary to raise the clay up to it the said clay
may be hauled up an incline plane in trolleys D attached to a rope E which is
supported upon guide wheels F and wound upon the barrel of a crab or windlass G
actuated from the shaft H by a strap and pulleys I or by other equivalent means-
The clay is discharged from the Trolley by tipping or otherwise down the shute K
into the pan or saucer C of the grinding or reducing machine where it is subjected
to the action of the rollers or edge runners B which are driven from the shaft H
by the strap L and bevel gearing M The clay having been sufficiently ground or
reduced is discharged from the pan or saucer C down the shute N into the
buckets P of an elevator by which it is raised and deposited onto or into a sieve
or riddle through the meshes of which it passes thence down a shute R into the
pugmill S-Any of the clay which is in pieces too large to pass through the
meshes of the sieve or riddle fall therefrom onto a shute T which conducts it back
to the grinding machine to be further reduced-or the Elevator may discharge the
raw clay into the pugmill direct without subjecting it to the grinding process or
onto or into a sieve or riddle placed immediately over the pugmill

page_text: When the pugmill is arranged at a lower elevation than the grinding machine A
the elevator herein before described may be dispensed with and the clay may then
pass from the pan C direct into the pugmill or onto an intervening sieve or screen
if desired S¹ is a water tank for supplying water through the pipe S' to the clay
in the pug mill
The clay when sufficiently pugged is forced from the pugmill through one or more
adjustable openings U into one or more pipe moulding machines V (two being
shewn in my drawings) the discharge openings being fitted with sliding doors W
actuated by racks and pinions X or otherwise for regulating the size of the openings
according to the size of the pipes to be moulded-The construction of the moulding
machines is clearly shewn in figure 2.
The mouth Y where the clay from the pug mill enters may be provided with
one or more knives Z for the purpose of dividing the clay as it enters to render it
easier to be worked and forced through the mould.
a is a spiral blade or archimedian screw fitted to rotate in bearings a¹ in the
interior of the mould and actuated by the bevel gearing b driven from a counter-
shaft c by a band and pulleys & This screw or spiral blade is of a gradually
increasing diameter towards the lower end so as to increase its power at that part
in order to more effectually compress the clay and thereby form a more perfect
socket to the pipe-In the lower part of the mould is fixed a block e forming a
core to the Cylindrical portion of the pipe being moulded an opening or passago f
in the die plate fi being provided round the core through which the clay is forced
into the portion of the mould which forms the socket of the pipe-This portion of
the mould consists of a core g for forming the interior of the socket and is mounted
upon a platform or table fitted to slide vertically on guides t. The exterior-of-
the socket is formed by two rings fitted to slide on the upper part of the
guides i but supported in position to form the socket by the core g when the said
core is in its elevated position as shewn in Figure 2.
The platform h and the portions of the mould g kl for forming the pipe socket
may be maintained in their elevated position by a lever m engaging with the
platform or by any other suitable mechanism capable of supporting the said
platform during the moulding of the socket and of readily releasing it to allow it
to descend as the cylindrical portion of the pipe is being formed.
With the parts in the position shewn in Figure the clay is forced under the
action of the screw a into the space o between the core g and the two rings 7 to
form the socket of the pipe after which the lever m is moved from beneath the
platform which being then unsupported will together with the core g and the
rings commence to descend by the pressure of the clay forced through the
annular passage f until the upper ring & comes into contact with shoulders ¹ on
the guides which will prevent its further descent.
The platform h continuing to descend carries with it the core g and the lower
ring until the latter rests upon collars or shoulders on the guides . The
rings forming the die or mould for the exterior of the socket are thus removed
leaving the moulded socket supported on the platform h and the core g which
still continues to descend to the requisite distance corresponding to the length of
the Cylindrical portion of pipe to be produced-The Cylindrical portion of the
pipe is formed by the clay forced through the annular passage following the
motion of the descending platform into the position shewn in Figure 3-When the
pipe is moulded to the required length it is severed from the clay in the mould box
by a wire q arranged immediately below the die plate f¹ and the core e above the
rings The wire is connected to the inner ends of two rods q' fitted to slide
in holes in the die plate f¹ and connected together at their opposite ends by a
rod q by which the rods carrying the wire may be operated. After the moulded
pipe is severed the platform is lowered sufficiently to admit of the moulded pipe
being removed from the platform and conducted to the kiln or drying chainber to
be baked or dryed-Although I have described and illustrated in my drawings
only one pug mill and two woulding apparatus connected therewith it is obvious

page_text: that two or more pug mills may be simultaneously supplied with clay and each
pug mill may also be made to feed one or more than two moulding machines.
The motions of the various machines employed in my system are suitably timed
and regulated to cause the proper amount of Clay to be fed to and discharged from
cach machine in proper sequence to produce the desired results without the
intervention of manual labour.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is :-
First Machinery or apparatus for the manufacture of pipes for sanitary or
other purposes by a process continuous from the raw clay to the finished pipes
consisting of the combination of the grinding pugging and moulding machine or
machines arranged to operate conjointly substantially in the manner herein before
described and illustrated by my drawings.
Second. In moulds for moulding socketted pipes for sanitary and other purposes
the combination of the passage f core g loose rings l and with the platform / for
moulding socketted pipes the said moulds Leing arranged to operate substantially
in the manner herein before described with reference to Figures 2 and 3 of my
drawings
Third In combination with moulds for moulding pipes for sanitary or other
purposes the employment of a forcing screw having a thread or spiral blade of
gradually increasing diameter substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described with reference to Figure 2 of my drawing.
Fourth. In combination with moulds for moulding socketted pipes for sanitary
or other purposes and having loose rings k and l for releasing the moulded socket
the employment of a cutter situated so as to cut the pipe above both the loose
rings and close to the underside of the die plate substantially as described with
reference to Figures 23 and 4 of my drawings.
In witness whereof I the said Hosea Tugby have to this my Specification set my
hand and seal this thirteenth day of August One thousand eight hundred and
eighty three.