matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING BEER AND OTHER LIQUIDS."
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Kissack Joshua Foster at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd July 1881.
86
JOHN KISSACK JOSHUA FOSTER, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING BEER AND OTHER LIQUIDS."
This Invention relates to the construction of apparatus intended to raise beer
and other liquids from barrels or other vessels in a cellar to the bar, or other place
where it is required to be drawn, and at the same time to aërate the same.
In adapting my Invention for the above purpose, I would in the first place
have supply pipes of the proper dimensions and material attached to the full
barrels or vessels in the cellar or vault at one end, and leading up to the taps in
the bar or other place where the beer or other liquid is to be drawn, and beneath
the counter in the bar (or in any other convenient place near to the outlet), I have
a compressing air pump to be worked by a treadle or other suitable contrivance
to compress air into a reservoir, from whence I have a pipe leading to the upper
part of the barrel or vessel from which the beer or other liquid is to be drawn,
so that the compressed air acting on the surface of the beer or other liquid will
force it up the pipe whenever the tap is opened, and thus the beer or other liquid
may be drawn off from the barrels or vessels in the cellar or vault by means of
simple taps, and beer pumps may be dispensed with.
The supply pipes pass into the barrels or other vessels through air tight glands
screwed into the bung hole, and so arranged that the pipe can be raised or lowered
to any required position in the barrel or vessel.
Into the tap hole a junction pipe is screwed, and this is connected direct to the
compressed air reservoir, so as to admit the compressed air to the space above the
beer or other liquid.
The lower end of this junction pipe is provided with a valve opening downwards,
and a second pipe leads therefrom to a second vessel or reservoir containing carbonic
acid gas, a constant supply of which is kept up by means of suitable generating
apparatus, such, for instance,. as that usually employed in the manufacture of
aërated waters, and the carbonic acid gas, thus mixing with the compressed air
above the valve will be forced into the space above the beer or other liquid in the
barrel, and will aërate the same as it is drawn off.

page_text: The compressed air pipe and the carbonic acid gas pipe are each furnished
with stop taps, by means of which the amount of aëration can be regulated as
required.
The compressed air reservoir will be fitted with a safety valve weighted to any
suitable pressure.
In some cases I propose also to pass the pipes through a refrigerator both to cool
the air and gas on its way to the barrel, and to cool the beer or other liquid on its
way from the barrel or vessel to the taps.
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PLAIN OR ORNAMENTAL LACE EDGING OR BORDER WITH FRINGE OR TRIMMINGS IN COMBINATION THEREWITH
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard James Secundus Joyce at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th December 1881.
RICHARD JAMES SECUNDUS JOYCE, of the Firm Weintraud Joyce and Company,
of No. 18, Aldermanbury, in the City of London, Manufacturers and Warehousemen.
"IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PLAIN OR ORNAMENTAL LACE EDGING OR BORDER
WITH FRINGE OR TRIMMINGS IN COMBINATION THEREWITH."
The object of this Invention is to construct lace edging or border with a fringe
or trimming, plain or fancy, and with or without beads or other ornamentation
from its band or top in such a manner that it projects at intervals, and hangs down
between the flutings and produces the effect now only obtained by sewing those
parts together. By my Invention the edging or border, and the band or top, and
also the fringe, are constructed at one and the same time in the lace frame, but the
band or top and the fringe may be made together, and the lace edging or border be
sewn on to the band.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER PRESSES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edmund Alfred Pontifex and Richard Gunning, both of
the Farringdon Works, Shoe Lane, in the City of London, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER PRESSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edmund Alfred Pontifex
and Richard Gunning at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
21st October 1881.
EDMUND ALFRED PONTIFEX and RICHARD GUNNING, both of the Farringdon
Works, Shoe Lane, in the City of London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER
PRESSES."
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in filter presses.
Our Invention is applicable especially to such filter presses as those known as
Johnson's" and like presses, in which a number of press plates are arranged to
slide along horizontal guide bars, and in which, when the filtering cloths have
been placed between the plates, the plates are forced together by a lock screw at
the end of the series.
In such presses as at present constructed the labour in moving the press plates
is heavy; when the press is large, several men are required to work it. The lock
screw also is long, and time is lost in screwing it up, and when high pressure is
required there is difficulty in locking the plates up sufficiently firmly. There is
also some trouble and loss of time in hanging the cloths, and sometimes the liquid
is not able to escape between the cloths and the plates so freely as is
desirable.
These defects by our Invention we remove. We provide a worm wheel upon
the locking screw, and a worm to gear with it, and the axis of the worm receives
a handle or hand levers. We make the locking screw much shorter than usual,

page_text: and we provide a moveable block to drop in between the end plate of the press
and the extremity of the locking screw. We provide rollers to lessen the friction
where the plates bear upon the guide bars. We also provide spring hooks in
connection with the press plates to support the cloths; these hooks being drawn
down receive the corners of the cloths, and on the hooks being released they draw
the cloths tight. We facilitate when necessary the free escape of the liquid after
filtering through the cloths by placing wire gauze between the press plates and the
filter cloths.
We also form the plates with radial drainage grooves communicating with a
circumferential duct, so that free outlet is provided for the fluid all around.
AN IMPROVED MEDICINAL COM- POUND FOR BURNS AND OTHER WOUNDS."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Elihu Harris, of Holloway Road, in the County of
Middlesex, London, for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED MEDICINAL COM-
POUND FOR BURNS AND OTHER WOUNDS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Elihu Harris at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th April 1881.
ELIHU HARRIS, of Holloway Road, in the County of Middlesex, London.
"AN IMPROVED. MEDICINAL COMPOUND FOR BURNS AND OTHER WOUNDS."
This Invention relates to the production of a medicinal compound, having for
object the curing of scalds, burns, and other wounds and sores.
For this purpose I take the following ingredients in the state in which they are
readily met with in commerce, that is to say, camphor, tincture of opium, spirits of
wine, and linseed oil, which I intimately mix together in the following proportions
or thereabouts. namely:—

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed-
by the said Elihu Harris in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th October
1881.
ELIHU HARRIS, of Holloway Road, in the County of Middlesex, London.
IMPROVED MEDICINAL COMPOUND FOR BURNS AND OTHER WOUNDS."
"AN
This Invention relates to the production of a medicinal compound, having for
object the curing of scalds, burns, and other wounds and sores.
For this purpose I take the following ingredients in the state in which they are
readily met with in commerce, that is to say, camphor, tincture of opium, spirits of
wine, and linseed oil, which I intimately mix together in the following proportions
or thereabouts, namely :-
:―
or I can substitute methylated spirits for spirits of wine, or vary the quantities of
the component parts.
The aforesaid ingredients having been intimately mixed together, the resultant
medicinal compound may be applied outwardly to scalds, burns, wounds, or other
sores, by means of a feather, sponge, rag, or other suitable medium.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, or medicinal compound, I
wish it to be understood, that I do not limit myself to the precise proportions or
ingredients, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my
Invention.
But I claim as new, and my Invention, the compound for curing scalds, burns,
and other wounds and sores, as substantially herein described, or any mere
variation or modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Elihu Harris, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
TTTTTTT TLADDIC
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TRANSMISSION OF MOTIVE POWER APPLICABLE GENERALLY FOR TRANSMITTING REVOLVING MOTION FROM ONE SHAFT TO ANOTHER
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William George Sharp Mockford at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th December 1881.
WILLIAM GEORGE SHARP MOCKFORD of Victoria Warehouses Mansell Street in
the City of London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TRANSMISSION OF MOTIVE POWER
APPLICABLE GENERALLY FOR TRANSMITTING REVOLVING MOTION FROM ONE SHAFT
TO ANOTHER."
"
For this purpose in place of using an endless cord or rope working over V grooved
pulleys on the two shafts or a band working over band pulleys as heretofore usual,
I employ an endless cord or wire or rope or chain twisted with one or more twists
or turns around a pulley or wheel on each of the shafts.
In this way the cord wire chain or rope will have a great hold upon the pulleys
so that even when extremely slack there will be no slip of the cord wire chain or
rope over them.
In many cases it is sufficient to use, a plain piece of wire but in other cases wire
rone would be preferable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW-PROPELLERS."
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Carr at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th October 1881.
JAMES CARR, of Heaton, near Newcastle on Tyne, in the County of Northumber-
land. IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW-PROPELLERS."
My improvements consist in forming a screw-propeller of blades made separately
and so arranged as to be fitted together to form a screw-propeller of two, three,
four, or more blades, as desired. The centre hole through the boss of each blade
may be cylindrical with a key bed slotted out to fit the sunk key inserted in the
propellor shaft; or the said hole may be square, hexagonal, or octagonal. In the
latter case the end of the shaft which receives the said blades is made of similar
form to the holes in the bosses of the blades, and is provided with a sunk collar so
that the whole of the parts of the propellor, when slipped on the shaft, are secured
and held firmly in position against the neck by means of a screw nut on the end
of the said shaft, thus entirely dispensing with the use of keys. The angle of the
blades can be made to suit any pitch of screw so as to suit speed or power. The
blades are so constructed to suit the three-blade or four-blade propellor, and so
that each blade stands at direct angles to the base of the figure of the eye or centre
hole of the boss. My improved propellor being made of separate parts can, in the
event of loss, be readily replaced, even at sea.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH LAMPS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jasper Wetter at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th September 1881. A communication
from abroad by Hermann Naumann, of Leipzig, in the Kingdom of Saxony.
JASPER WETTER, of New Wandsworth, Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
CONNECTED WITH LAMPS." A communication from abroad by Hermann Naumann,
of Leipzig, in the Kingdom of Saxony.
This Invention consists in replacing the globe or reflector commonly used with
lamps by a transparent vessel, containing water or other suitable transparent
liquid.
*The said vessel is preferably made of glass and in the shape of a hollow ring
surrounding the burner and chimney of the lamp. It may however have any
other suitable shape for transmitting and diffusing the light in the required
direction. The colour of the liquid contained in the vessel or hollow diffuser, and
the degree of transparency, may be varied according to the purpose for which the
lamp is intended. The diffuser may be attached to the lamp by means of a
metallic ring provided with radial arms, or in any other suitable way.
AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF RATS, MICE, AND OTHER RODENT ANIMALS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hagelsieb at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th June 1881.
WILLIAM HAGELSIEB, of No. 54, Hunter Street, Brunswick Square, in the
County of Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF
RATS, MICE, AND OTHER RODENT ANIMALS."
The object of the Invention is the production of a composition which, whilst
destructive of the life of rats, mice, and other rodent animals, is harmless to cats,
dogs, and other animals or birds not of the rodent class.
For this purpose I take of the scilla maritima, and I mix therewith animal fat
or other animal matter, or flour, cheese, or other matter palatable or attractive to
the rodent animals to be destroyed, and in proportions, say, of 1 part scilla
maritima, 1 of cheese, 1 of flour, and 1 of fat, or otherwise, as may be desired or
found convenient.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HULLING AND CLEANING RICE AND OTHER GRAIN
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Douglas and Lewis Grant
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th June 1881.
ROBERT DOUGLAS and LEWIS GRANT, both of Kirkcaldy, in the County of Fife,
North Britain, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HULLING AND
CLEANING RICE AND OTHER GRAIN."
The said Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for hulling and
cleaning rice and other grain, and has for its objects to cause the apparatus to
occupy much less room than is occupied by the machinery at present in use, thus
reducing the first cost and effecting economy in the working expense of the mill,
and also to simplify and cheapen the driving gearing.
The said Invention consists in using within the same saucer and casing three
or more millstones or discs of wood or metal, covered with a suitable cement
composition, the stones or discs being placed one above the other, and so arranged
with reference to the upright driving spindle that when three are used, either the
middle stone or disc will revolve and the top and bottom ones remain stationary,
or alternatively the top and bottom stones or discs may revolve, and the middle
one remain stationary. In this way one set of three stones or discs only occupies
the room of one ordinary pair of stones while doing the work of two pairs of
stones, and the motive power applied to one or two of these three stones or discs is
much less than would be required for two pairs of stones of the ordinary kind.
When the middle stone or disc of three is revolving, the bottom one is fixed, and
the middle stone or disc is adjustable vertically by raising or lowering the stone
spindle. The top stone or disc is also fixed, and is adjustable vertically by screws
and snugs.
When the middle stone or disc is stationary, the top stone is carried and driven
by the upper end of the spindle and is thus adjustable vertically; and the bottom
stone or disc is driven by a sleeve on the spindle, which is also adjustable vertically
independently of the spindle.
In both arrangements the delivery of the hulled rice or grain takes place all
round the periphery of the running stone or stones, and by preference the saucer
is made wide and roomy in section to give every freedom for delivery.
Separate hoppers and separate arrangements for feeding can be made and used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th July 1881. A communication
from abroad by Jules Felix Lebreton, of Besançon, in the Republic of
France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HEATING APPARATUS." A communication from abroad by Jules Felix Lebreton, of
Besançon, in the Republic of France.
The Invention relates to apparatus for burning hydrogen-gas, and its purpose is
to utilize as much as possible the caloric resulting from the combustion of this gas
and its compound gases by condensing the principal products of combustion. The
condensing apparatus consists of a series of small tubes made of thin copper or any
other metal having small diameters and mounted upon one common smoke-box or
outlet; it serves as a multiple chimney for the product of combustion of the
hydrogen-gas and its compound gases.
The multiplicity of the tubes of sinall diameters is intended for making a large
radiant surface, reducing at the same time as much as possible the volume of gas
to be condensed in each chimney; and by this method of rapid cooling a ready
condensation of the products of combustion of the hydrogen-gas and its compounds
is obtained. The smoke box is provided at the bottom with a tap for the removal
of the condensed products.
The apparatus inay be applied to any common faiënce-stove for the combustion
of gas instead of wood. For burning gas in a common stove I use long burners
of any construction, but in conjunction with a current of air in order to give a blue
flame.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY AND ALARM APPARATUS FOR KITCHEN BOILERS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Roderick McDonald at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd April 1881.
RODERICK MCDONALD, of Wishaw, in the County of Lanark, North Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY AND ALARM APPARATUS FOR KITCHEN BOILERS."
This Invention relates to improved safety apparatus to be used in connection
with pressure kitchen boilers for the purpose of preventing or diminishing the risk
of explosions and for giving an alarm when there is a shortness of water from any
cause.
.
The improved apparatus comprises a small close iron or other vessel or valve box
fitted within a tank or receptacle having an outlet to the outside of the house, and
which vessel is coupled or fitted as a branch, open to the hot water ascension pipe
leading from the boiler, preferably within the kitchen. This vessel is fitted with a
ball float having a vertical spindle working in a guide, and the upper end of this
spindle is made conical to act as a valve, the valve closing against a seat in a tube
forming part of or leading to an alarm whistle. When the hot water is circulating
freely through the ascension pipe to the usual circulating hot water tank or
reservoir, the ball float is pressed up and keeps the valve closed; but whenever
from any cause there is a shortness of water in the boiler and the water ceases to
ascend, the upward pressure on the ball float is relieved, and steam escaping through
the valve the whistle blows an alarm and continues to do so until the boiler is
refilled or the fire withdrawn.
The lower part of the whistle has formed on or screwed to it a conical tripod or
feather valve closing downwards, the lower central part of which also forms the
valve seat for the float valve. This downward closing valve is held down by a
lever and weight bearing on the top of the whistle, and the lever is so weighted
that when the water rises freely in the hot water ascension pipe the valve remains
closed. But when the ascension pipe is choked by freezing of the water in it or
otherwise, the pressure of the water in the pipes and within the valve box or vessel
lifts this valve up against the power of the weighted lever and the water over-
flows into the containing tank or receptacle to relieve the pressure on the boiler and
pipes.

page_text: The improved apparatus may be fitted directly to the boiler or at any part of
the ascension pipe for the hot water. The parts of the apparatus may also be
fitted in different ways to effect the same purpose. The valve for the steam whistle
may be entirely separate and distinct from that for the escape of the water for
relieving the boiler pressure, piston valves or other forms of valves may also be 5
used instead of the conical valves described, that for alarm whistle being operated
by a ball float or other form of float either directly or through a lever.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING AND PRINTING TEXTILE FABRICS AND FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Justus Wolff at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st August 1881.
JUSTUS WOLFF, of 181, Chapel Street, Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
Consulting Chemist. " IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING AND PRINTING TEXTILE
FABRICS AND FIBROUS MATERIALS."
This Invention has for its objects the dyeing of wool in the hot state, or of cotton
in the cold, in all shades of indigo, and to produce a vat in which the sediment
shall deposit quickly, and leave a clear solution capable of being employed for
dyeing or printing in the ordinary manner.
In carrying out my Invention I prepare an alkaline bath or vat, consisting of an
alkali dissolved in water. To this solution I add a metallic acid or a peroxide, or a
compound of a metallic acid and a peroxide, such as antimonic acid, turigstic acid,
arsenious acid, arsenic acid, or their equivalents, or I dissolve the alkali or
ammonia salts of such metallic acids in water, with or without the addition of a
free alkali.
I also add to the solution indigo previously reduced to a fine powder, and
subsequently I introduce any suitable reducing agent, as, for example, finely
divided iron or zinc. The mixture so prepared may either be heated or it may
remain at the ordinary temperature.
In a bath or vat prepared according to my Invention, the metallic acid,
peroxide, or salt in the solution made as before described is reduced by the action
of the iron or other reducing agent. The product of the reduction acts in its
nascent state upon the indigo powder and produces indigo white, which dissolves
in the alkaline solution. By this reduction of the indigo a higher product of
oxydation of the metal is obtained, which in the nascent state is in turn again
reduced by the iron or other reducing agent. This cycle of action and reaction is
continued in the vat without the addition of fresh portions of metallic acid or
peroxide, or their equivalents.
The proportions of the various materials used in the vat may be varied
considerably without detriment. The quickness or slowness of the reduction is in
fact governed at pleasure by a variation in the quantity of the metallic acid or

page_text: peroxide or their equivalents; thus if the reduction is required to take place rapidly
a larger quantity of the metallic acid or peroxide is employed; if it is required to
take place more slowly a smaller quantity is used.
As the vat prepared according to the method hercin described can be employed
only slightly alkaline, wool may be dyed with it, even in the darkest shades of
indigo without risk of injury.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE of PICKERS FOR LOOMS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Frederick Burslem and
Edward Burslem at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on tho
19th July 1881.
"
CHARLES FREDERICK BURSLEM and EDWARD BURSLEM, both of Cheadle, in the
County of Chester, Pick Makers. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE of
PICKERS FOR LOOMS."
Our improvements relate to pickers for looms for weaving, whereby we are
enabled to increase their durability.
That portion of the picker which slides upon the spindle or guide of the shuttlo
box we furnish with a metal tube or bush capable of sliding upon the spindle or
guide aforesaid. The buffalo-hide leather or other material forming the picker is
folded around the above named tube and extends downward to form the body and
foot of the picker. We also extend the material forming the picker beyond the
ends of the aforesaid tube and thereby prevent the said tube from injuring the
leather or other stops placed upon the before named guide or spindle to arrest the
motion of the picker. Within the above named tube we form a cavity for
containing oil or other lubricant. Through the upper portion of the buffalo-hide
leather or other material forming the body of the picker we form a slot or loop
through which passes the picking strap by which the picker is actuated, the
above named tube preventing the picking strap coming in contact with the
aforesaid spindle or guide and removing the oil or grease therefrom.
Within the body of the picker we place a separate piece of buffalo-hide leather
or other suitable material for striking the shuttle; or instead of using a separate
piece we fold inwards a portion of the body of the picker to form a part for
striking the shuttle. The buffalo-hide leather or other material forming the body
of the picker we secure to the above named tube and part for acting upon or
striking the shuttle by rivetting or similar means.
IMPROVED PORTABLE OR POCKET PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Warwick Brookes at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th October 1881.
WARWICK BROOKES, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
IMPROVED PORTABLE OR POCKET PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA."
"A NEW OR
My Invention relates to a portable or pocket camera for obtaining so called
"instantaneous" photographs, and the Invention consists, first, in the employ-
ment of a second or focussing lens of the same focal length as, and in the same
plane with, the photographic lens, and connected thereto so that the two lenses are
focussed simultaneously, the one upon the sensitized plate and the other upon a
ground glass in the same plane with the sensitized plate; second, in the employ-
ment in combination with the foregoing of a rotary disc shutter similar to that
described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to John Chadwick and
William Isaac Chadwick, dated March 11th 1880, No. 1054. The said disc covers
the photographic lens, and the exposure is effected momentarily by the passage
over it of an aperture in the disc, which, until this exposure takes place, coincides
with the focussing lens to enable the picture to be properly focussed in the camera.
The disc is actuated by a spring and retained by a catch within reach of the
operator's finger, so that the camera being held in the hand the exposure may
instantaneously follow the act of focussing, which is essential in photographing
moving objects.
Third. In the combination with the camera of a changing box closely fitted to
the camera and capable of holding a number of sensitised dry plates in such
manner and so arranged with respect to a slit in the camera that the plates may be
successively brought opposite to said slit, dropped out of the box into place in the
camera, and after exposure returned to their former places in the box, the transfer
of the plates from the box to the camera, and vice versa, being effected by merely
inverting the camera.
A convenient arrangement is a rectangular box having grooves to receive the
plates, the box being fitted to slide along the bottom of the camera, to which it is
connected by a rebated guide, which may be extended in rear of the camera and
hinged so as to fold out of the way when not in use.
The camera is provided with a screw clip to hold the plate firmly in position
during exposure.
A NEW OR IMPROVED TRAVELLING CABINET
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Marshall Cochrane at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th May 1881.
WILLIAM MARSHALL COCHRANE, of Sun Court, Cornhill, in the City of London,
Colonel Commanding 3rd Battalion Highland Light Infantry. "A NEW OR
IMPROVED TRAVELLING CABINET."
The object of this Invention is arranging various drawers or receptacles for
wearing apparel and other articles, shelves and partitions for books, a sliding tray
for holding paper and other writing appliances, an outside upper lid to serve as a
writing desk, and an outside lower lid (removeable) to form a table by fitting legs
thereto, the whole forming a compact travelling cabinet with distinct compartments
for the reception of articles, in such a manner as to admit of easy removal of any
of them without disturbing those not then required.
For the purposes of my Invention I make the cabinet of rectangular or other
convenient shape, and I divide the upper from the lower, and fix a transverse bar,
to the top edge of which I hinge a lid, that it may be folded down and be held by
straps in a horizontal or nearly horizontal position to serve as a slope or writing
desk. At the upper part on one side I arrange a couple of sliding drawers or
receptacles, with or without partitions to form a cellaret, or for the coarser kind of
wearing apparel, such as boots and shoes; and at the upper part of the other side I
arrange a drawer for the reception of light articles of clothing, such as collars, cuffs,
ties, and the like. Below this drawer at the back I arrange a series of partitions or
shelves as for pigeon holes for books, the front portion being occupied by a tray to
contain writing materials, said tray being arranged to slide forward, to be within
reach of the person wishing to use them.
The lower portion of the cabinet is provided with drawers for holding other
articles of wearing apparel, such as coats, etc., the outside lid of the lower part
being removeable and provided with sockets for the reception of legs by which it
can be made available as a table. The legs may be hinged to fold close to the back
of the lid or table top if desired.
The upper and the lower parts are constructed separately; and for convenience of
transit, they are arranged to fit in outer or other cases, which can be utilized when
empty and placed one above the other as a banging wardrobe.
NEW OR IMPROVED HARROW
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James McKinley, of Coleman Street, in the City of
London, for an Invention of "NEW OR IMPROVED HARROW." A communi-
cation by Robert Cockerell, of Melbourne, Australia.
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James McKinley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May 1881.
"NEW OR
JAMES MCKINLEY, of Coleman Street, in the City of London.
IMPROVED HARROW." (A communication by Robert Cockerell, of Melbourne,
Australia.)
My Invention consists of a rotary harrow. In carrying out my Invention I
adopt mainly the following arrangements :-
-
Fixed on jointed rods are arranged tines or teeth formed in the way of serrated
bobbins or flange wheels, the jointed rods allowing of the rollers yielding to the
inequalities of the ground, these being placed at an angle to their draught, giving a
tearing motion, its rotating movement allowing it to pass over roots, stones, and
other obstructions.
This improved harrow can be made in various shapes, and in its operation it can
scarify, harrow, roll, and clod crush the land as required.
IMPROVED MEANS OF INSULATING AND PROTECTING UNDERGROUND ELECTRIC LIGHTING WIRES AND CABLES, AND IN WATer Tight BoxES FOR THE ENDS OF SUCH WIRES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Claude Johnson and Samuel
Edmund Phillips at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
8th November 1881.
WALTER CLAUDE JOHNSON and SAMUEL EDMUND PHILLIPS, both of Victoria
Works, Victoria Road, Charlton, in the County of Kent, Engineers and Electricians.
"IMPROVED MEANS OF INSULATING AND PROTECTING UNDERGROUND ELECTRIC
LIGHTING WIRES AND CABLES, AND IN WATer Tight BoxES FOR THE ENDS OF
SUCH WIRES."
The object of this Invention is an improved method of insulating and protecting
the underground wires and cables for electric lighting purposes as required for
streets and roads, and the method of connecting lamp posts and taking leading wires
therefrom into houses and other buildings.
For the purposes of our Invention we insulate the copper wires or strands singly,
or in the form of a cable by layers of fibrous tapes or yarns, preferably several layers
laid in opposite directions.
These tapes or yarns are prepared in a special manner by drying them by means
of heat, and whilst thoroughly dessicated passing them into a bath of rosin, pine, or
other oil, or similar body having well known insulating properties.
The leading or branch wires which pass from the main circuit through the boxes
which are to be described are first prepared and insulated in a similar manner, and
whilst the fibrous coating is saturated with the oil it is completely enveloped in a
leaden pipe which is closed upon it by rollers.
The main cable circuits are placed in continuous iron pipes preferably of
wrought iron, and screwed together at a suitable depth under the street or road,
but where it is desired to take leading wires therefrom into lamp posts or
houses an iron box is introduced, into which the ends of the line of pipes is
screwed.
These boxes form suitable stations for renewing, testing, or drawing other wires
into the line of pipes.
The lids of these boxes (preferably of wrought iron plate) are provided with a
stuffing box gland for each wire which it is desired to take from the main circuit
|to a lamp post, etc.

page_text: The lead covered wires being most suitable for passing through theso glands, as
they are hard, preferably cylindrical, and not liable to injury.
Before the pipes and boxes are screwed together they are well dried over a fire
and then plunged into a bath of warm oil of the kind already mentioned, so that
the inside surfaces are well coated.
We also make provision for occasionally flushing the pipes and boxes with oil
after they are put together, the free oil which accumulates in the boxes being
readily removed afterwards.
AN IMPROVED TOOL FOR HOOPING BALES OR BOXES
Year: 1881

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John McClure at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th November 1881.
JOHN MCCLURE, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland (Warehouse
Manager). "AN IMPROVED TOOL FOR HOOPING BALES OR BOXES."
This Invention consists of a novel arrangement of apparatus for drawing
together the ends of metal or other bands on bales or boxes and holding them
firmly, ready to be secured by rivets or otherwise. The tool consists essentially of
three parts, viz., a stem with two forks set at right angles to each other and
forming bearings to receive respectively the axle of a gripping excentric and
a rotating clip, which constitutes the axlo of a ratchet wheel. The stem is formed
with a handle for facilitating the application of the tool to and its removal from
the bale. Underlying the gripping excentric is a projecting plate which is
intended to be inserted below the end of the band to be gripped by the excentric.
The rotating clip which carries the axle of the ratchet wheel above mentioned is
formed by slitting one end of the ratchet wheel axle longitudinally, so that it may
receive the loose end of the band intended to be drawn to tension. In the fork
carrying this axle is also mounted a rocking hand lever which is fitted with a pawl
for working the ratchet wheel and thereby causing the clip to draw the loose end
of the band to tension. The gripping excentric is actuated by a handle which
forms one piece therewith.
The object or use of this tool is to save time and supersede the "tongs" or
dogs" and "wedges" that are in cominon use for binding the hoops or bands, and
holding their ends together whilst being fastened, the present systein being tedious
and defective, as a sufficient strain cannot be obtained to take up all the slack that
is often in the metal band, whereas by the use of this improved tool the bands on
bales or boxes can be drawn tight either whilst the bale is subject to a press or
otherwise. This improved tool will be very useful in case of bands on bales
breaking during transit, for by the use of this tool the bands can be drawn tight
and repaired without putting the bale into a press again.
To accomplish this, one end of the band is brought under the excentric, which is
then turned so as to grip it, the surfaces of the underlying plate and of the
excentric being "inilled or cut like a file. The other end of the band is then laid

page_text: over the first and passed through the rotating clip, which is then turned round
upon its axis by means of a lever with a pawl or catch acting upon a ratchet
wheel, and thus the band is drawn as tight as is desirable and the two ends of the
band being in contact can be punched and a rivet or key inserted to secure them
together. The withdrawal of the apparatus is effected by simply releasing the
band from the grip of the excentric, which thus relieves the strain upon the
rotating "clip" and the apparatus can be removed, the band end slipping out of
the rotating clip.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAIL JOINTS FOR RAILWAYS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Story at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th June 1881.
WILLIAM STORY, of Linslade, in the County of Bucks, F.R.C.S. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN RAIL JOINTS FOR RAILWAYS."
The object of this Invention is to form the joints of the rails in the permanent
way of railways in such a manner as to render the use of fish plates unnecessary,
thereby materially reducing the cost of laying the permanent way.
In carrying out my Invention I so construct one end of a rail as to leave a couple
of projections thereon. The upper edges of these projections I prefer should be in
the same line with the faces of the rail. In the other end of the rail I form recesses
to receive the projections on the abutting edge of an adjoining rail, so that the
ends of the rails are interlocked. The projections may be of any desired form, and
the recesses will be made to correspond thereto.
By forming the ends of the rails in this manner, I not only prevent any lateral
movement of the rails when in place, but also any vertical movement, and I obtain
a secure joint without the use of fish plates.
In laying the permanent way with the rail joints formed as above described, I
may use a single chair at the joint, or two chairs one on either side of the joint in
the ordinary manner.
The projections and recesses on the ends of the rails I propose to form in a slotting
machine after the rail has been rolled.
The arrangement of joint above described is the one I prefer to use, but it will
be evident that it will admit of various modifications; thus pins may be inserted
in or formed on the end of one rail to take into corresponding holes in the other,
or the web of one rail may be extended to take into a corresponding groove in
another.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF WAGON AXLES."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Bradley, of Blakedown Works, near Kidder-
minster, in the County of Worcester, Manufacturer, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF WAGON AXLES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Bradley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st July 1881.
.
SAMUEL BRADLEY, of Blakedown Works, near Kidderminster, in the County of
Worcester, Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF WAGON
AXLES."
This Invention refers to certain improvements upon axles for wagons in colonial
use, and lies in the formation of the cap. It consists in applying to the cap a
stump or projecting arm of a cranked form attached to or welded upon the flange
of the cap, and this stump acts for or carries a step plate.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Samuel Bradley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th December 1881.
SAMUEL BRADLEY, of Blakedown Works, near Kidderminster, in the County of
Worcester, Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF WAGON
AXLES."
This Invention refers to certain improvements upon axles for wagons in colonial
use, and lies in the formation of the cap. It consists in applying to the cap a
stump or projecting arın of a cranked form attached to or welded upon the flange
of the cap, and this stump acts for or carries a step plate.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a plan of an axle cap, and Figure 2 a side view of the same.
a is the flange of the cap, and b the cranked stump or projecting arm, which may
bo forged or welded upon or attached to the flange b, and which is to act as a step,
or to have a step plate of any preferable form secured upon it.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed,
I claim the improvements in wagon axles of the abovenamed description by
forming upon or attaching to the cap of such axles a cranked stump or projecting
arm, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Bradley, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty third day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
SAMITT
זזז זנית
זזז זנית
SAMITAT
THEYATA
TEATOXYA
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF KITCHEN RANGES AND OTHER COOKING OR HEATING STOVES, AND IN THE MACHINERY CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Watson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd March 1881.
JOHN WATSON, of Rotherham, in the County of York.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF KITCHEN RANGES AND OTHER COOKING OR HEATING
STOVES, AND IN THE MACHINERY CONNECTED THEREWITH."
My Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of kitchen ranges and
other cooking or heating stoves, and more particularly to the method of constructing
the same with improvements in the machinery connected therewith, and in securing
the various parts together in a simple and economical manner.
In carrying out my Invention in order to effect these objects, I proceed in the
following manner :-
In securing back and side plates (technically called the skirtings or coveings)
together I dispense with the usual screws by casting near the edges of the plates
hooks or catch plates, so that when the plates are placed in position the catch
plates engage or hook together and hold the plates firmly in position. In some
instances, such as in the case of the frame of a hot air stove, I attain the samo
result by a peculiar arrangement of lugs which lock the parts together when in the
intended position, other portions of the frame securing them permanently; or in
the case of attaching a hob to a front, I use a lug with a stud hole formed on the
underside of the hob and a tapered pin in the front plate, which allows the hob to
be turned or swivelled onto the pin under the curved moulding and prevents it being
lifted vertically.
In the construction of an oven for a kitchen or other similar range, I make the
body consisting of the two sides and top and bottom of one piece of sheet iron or steel,
which I first bend into a tubular form and secure the ends with one row of rivets,
I then place it in a shaping press consisting of a suitable framework and guides
carrying a pair of removeable dies or pressing blocks of the desired shape or curve,
and so arranged that they may be brought together or forced apart by means of
screws or other mechanical equivalents or by hydraulic, steam, or other pressure,
and which thus press the tubular shaped material to the required form.
I secure the loose back of the oven and attach the oven itself to the range front
by means of the shelf slides which are provided with lugs and screws for that
purpose in place of the usual tie bolts or rivets.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO THE HANDLES OF SCISSORS
Year: 1881

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to Alfred Julius Boult, of the Firm of W. P. Thompson
and Company, Agents for Foreign Patent Solicitors, of 323, High Holborn,
in the County of Middlesex, and of G, Lord Street, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer and Patent Agent, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OR APPERTAINING TO THE HANDLES OF SCISSORS." A communication
from abroad by Theodor Fischer, of Solingen, Kingdom of Prussia, in the
Empire of Germany.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Alfred Julius Boult at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th February 1881.
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of the Firm of W. P. Thompson and Company, Agents
for Foreign Patent Solicitors, of 323, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
and of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer and Patent
Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO THE HANDLES OF SCISSORS."
A communication from abroad by Theodor Fischer, of Solugen, Kingdom of
Prussia, in the Empire of Germany.
My improvements represented in the annexed Drawings are applicable to nearly
all kinds of scissors. I provide upon one handle of the scissors a fixed or movable
thumbring which replaces the loop on this handle (which loop is omitted) for
pulling asunder the arms of the scissors, as the thumb can be put through this
ring, and the scissors can thus be opened. That part of the arm a which is behind
the thumbring has a form suitable for pressing thereupon with the thick part of the
thumb.
With this construction the whole muscular power of the hand and arm can be
brought to bear, and thus great power exerted without easily tiring by the use of
the scissors, and the thumb joint is also rendered less liable to be frequently
dislocated. The rings may also be cushioned so as not to strain the thumb.
Fig. 1 shows a thumbring b capable of turning upon a screw pin s; however
this ring may be immovably connected with the handle a, as hereinbefore men-
tioned; Fig. 2 shows a thumbring b capable of moving up and down round a

page_text: let into a slot vertically made in the handle, or two hinge extensions may take
round the handle (as shown in Fig. 3), and be connected therewith by a bolt s' or
any suitable connection of the ring with the handle may be used.
•
CLAIMS.
Having now described this Invention, and the method of performing the same,
I wish it to be understood that what I claim and desire to protect under the
hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,
The arrangement of thumbrings b on one of the handles a of scissors, which
thumb rings may either be firmly connected with the handle or may be movable
thereon in different or in determined directions to allow of easy opening of the
scissors and their being closed powerfully, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth and shown.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Julius Boult, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
ALFRED J. BOULT. (L.S.)