Improvements in Kilns.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Aug., 1898-Accepted, 10th Dec., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Kilns.
I, WILHELM ECKARDT, of 2, Lütticherstrasse, Cöln, in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:
My invention relates to a new and improved continuous kiln adapted to be
constructed in numerous modified forms to meet particular demands.
In the present state of the art difficulties and expenses arise which with the
use of a kiln embracing my invention are eliminated.
Amongst these may be cited the inequality in the distribution of heat, resulting
in imperfect products, or the additional expense of a second handling; ground
required for constructing the kiln involving thereby more outlay of capital in
establishing a plant; extra expense in transporting the products from kiln to
carrier etcetera; present great difficulty in operating kilns owing to the inaccessi-
bility of the fires; the difficulties experienced in filling and emptying the kilns
themselves etcetera.
My improved kiln however obviates these difficulties and in its various modified
forms is so susceptible of construction as to readily fill any particular or required
demand as herein before stated. It may also be built so as to act in conjunction
with existing kilns, the advantages are clearly apparent.
Amongst other advantages my improved kiln distributes the heat equally
throughout; requires a minimum ground space; acts as its own transporter (for
instance, from a lime pit with a carrier) is perfectly accessible at all points of
firing, a great advantage in filling and emptying.
Having explained the object of my invention I will now detail the actual
construction thereof. In the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a plan view (part in section) of a kiln embodying my invention.
Fig. 2 shows a side elevation (part in section) of my improved kiln.
Figs. 3 and 4 show details of the construction.
As will be clearly seen from the drawings my kiln is of a general rectangular
form although I do not limit myself thereto. While the cross section contour is
generally similar to that shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The kiln proper is longitu-
dinally divided into two or more chambers, a lower one A and an upper B, by
means of a horizontal partition a which latter serves in a double capacity as a
roof or top to chamber A and floor or bottom to chamber B. This partition a
stops short near each end of the kiln thereby forming a means for communication
between the said chambers and creating a continuous channel.
From Figs. 3 and 4 it will be noticed that chamber A is somewhat smaller
than chamber B. This is purposely constructed so that as the kiln is used and
the walls thereof through any agency decrease in thickness the walls of
chamber A will always remain proportionally of such a strength as to support
the upper chamber walls and its contents.
Arranged in the side of the kiln are a plurality of openings F leading into each
chamber and through which the bricks etcetera which are to be baked are passed.

page_text: Situated in the lower part of chamber A are a predetermined number of grates E
alternately located and easy of access. These grates may be if so desired in close
proximity one to the other, whereby the gas in the fuel is more fully generated
and burning gas supplied as a baking means. The upper chamber fires are fed
from above through a plurality of openings b formed in a roof of the kiln. It
will now be observed that through the fires being so located an even baking is
secured.
I would also call attention to the fact that the kiln being of such a form may
be so placed as to act in itself as a transporting means between the pit and the
carrier.
Formed in the said walls and extending therethrough are passages d which
lead the smoke out and away from the said chambers and connect with smoke
leads R, extending preferably parallel with the kiln and on each side thereof
and which lead to a suitable chimney etcetera S, I also employ means for con-
necting the said passages and smoke leads or closing the same as desired which
will be clearly understood from the accompanying drawings.
At the same time it will be seen that I may have three or more chambers
formed, the one above the other all in proper communication thereby forming a
continuous channel; or I may construct two or more kilns each having a plurality
of chambers all of the said chambers being in proper communication that one
continuous channel is formed; or furthermore I may construct the kiln so as to
co-act with one already established of other form and yet maintain one con-
tinuous channel, etcetera; all of which modifications fall within the spirit of my
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
.
1. In a new and improved continuous kiln the combination of a plurality of
vertically arranged tiers of chambers in proper communication one with the
other and fires in each of said chambers, substantially as described.
2. In a new and improved continuous kiln, the combination of a kiln having
a longitudinally extending partition, chambers formed in said kiln above and
below said partition and adjacent thereto, and each of said chambers having
thicker walls than the one next above, substantially as and for the purpose
described and set forth.
3. In a new and improved continuous kiln, the combination of a kiln having
chambers placed the one above the other forming a continuous channel, and
means for firing the lower of said chambers from below and the upper thereof
from above, substantially as described.
4. In a new and improved kiln, the combination of a kiln having vertical tiers
of chambers placed the one above the other and forming a continuous channel,
the roof of one chamber serving as the floor of the one next above, said chambers
being properly connected, grates in the lower of said chambers and said upper
chamber having its walls provided with suitable openings for firing the said
chambers from above, substantially as described.
5. In a new and improved continuous kiln, the combination of a kiln having
vertical tiers of chambers, alternately placed grates in the lower of said
chambers, freely accessible means for reaching said grates and said upper
chamber having the upper portion of its wall provided with openings suitable
for firing purposes, substantially as described.
6. In a new and improved continuous kiln, the combination of a kiln having
vertically arranged tiers of chambers, alternately placed grates in said lower
chamber at predetermined distance apart, suitable and accessible means for firing
said grates, said upper chamber having the upper portions of its walls provided
with suitable firing openings, substantially as described.
7. In a new and improved continuous kiln, the combination of a kiln having

page_text: vertically arranged. tiers of chambers, substantially constructed, said chambers
being in proper communication and forming a continuous channel and said kiln
being of such general form as to serve as a transporter between a pit and carrier
substantially as, in the manner and for the purpose set forth and described.
8. In a new and improved continuous kiln, the combination of a kiln having
a plurality of chambers vertically arranged the one above the other and forming
a continuous channel, smoke leads, a chimney in connection therewith, and said
kiln being provided with passages connecting said chambers and smoke leads,
substantially as described.
9. In a new and improved continuous kiln, a kiln consisting of a plurality of
vertically arranged tiers of chambers, properly communicating and forming a
continuous channel, accessible firing means in connection with said chambers, a
chimney, in proper communication with said kiln, and said kiln being susceptible
of such conjunction with other kilns adjacent thereto so as to form one continuous
channel therewith, substantially as described.
10. In a new and improved continuous kiln, the combination of a kiln, having
a plurality of vertically arranged tiers of chambers, properly communicating
and forming a continuous channel, the walls of each chamber being supported
by those of the one next below and the walls of each chamber being of such size
that in each thereof such alterations and repairs becoming necessary can be
worked without reducing its function in supporting the walls next above,
substantially as described.
A
T
1000
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.
anxo Con NT O