Improvements in the Method of Fixing Shades to Candles, also in Receptacles for the Grease Dropping of Candles.
Year: 1890

page_text: Dte of Application, 7th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 6th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 21st Feb., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of Fixing Shades to Candles, also in
Receptacles for the Grease Dropping of Candles.
CHARLES SHOWELL Brassfounder of Lower Loveday Street Birmingham
& FRANCIS ROBERT BAKER Inventor 167 Pershore Road Birmingham do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention consists of an improved method of holding up the shade, or grease
receptacle, when attached to a candle, the shade, or grease receptacle or both fall
or sink with the diminished height of candle.
In doing this, we carry out our invention as follows. We make a clip spring out
of a piece of metal which will contract on to the various size candles, and to this we
attach a wire, or rod, which runs upright and parallel with the candle itself. We
then form a shade holder of brass, or brass frame with shade of other material, which
has a short piece of tube attached, which tube runs on the aforesaid wire or rod, to
this tube we attach a piece of hard metal or wire, preferably steel, having a hole or.
ring formed in it, to go over the candle wick, and so bent that when fixed to the
shade tube, its arm does not come in contact with the candle, it is also so constructed
in the bending that the heat of the candle does not reach it, so as to either draw the
flame or cause to get hot.
Its action is thus, as the candle burns away the loop of wire or metal around base
of the wick, keep falling with it, and being bent or cranked it never interferes with
the periphery of the candle and causes no swelling or running of the wax, (this wire
being fixed to the shade) all therefore naturally fall together automatically.
The same application we apply to a small metal or other material cup held to
catch the grease when candle is carried or tilted.
Dated this 4th day of March 1890.
CHARLES SHOWELL.
FRANCIS ROBERT BAKER.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of Fixing Shades to Candles, also in
Receptacles for the Grease Dropping of Candles.
We, CHARLES SHOWELL, Brassfounder, of Lower Loveday Street, Birmingham,
and FRANCIS ROBERT BAKER, Inventor, 167, Pershore Road, Birmingham, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention consists of an improved method of holding up the shade, which
arrangement forms an improved grease receptacle, that is for preventing the over-
flow of grease.
When attached to a candle, the shade, the grease receptacle, (or
preventative,) fall or sink together with the diminished height of candle.
In doing this we carry out our invention as follows. We make a clip spring out
of a piece of metal which will contract on to the various size candles, and to this
we attach a wire, or rod, which runs upright and parallel with the candle itself.
We then form a shade of metal, or metal frame shade holder, with shade of other
material, which has a short piece of tube attached thereto, which tube runs on the
aforesaid wire or rod. To this tube we attach a piece of hard metal or wire, having
a hole or ring formed in it, to go over the candle wick, and so bent that when fixed
to the shade tube its arm does not come in contact with the candle, it is also so

page_text: constructed in the bending that the heat of the candle does not reach it, so as to
either draw the flame or cause it to get hot.
Its action is thus, as the candle burns away the loop of wire or metal around the
base of the wick, keeps falling with it, and being so bent or cranked, it never
interferes with the periphery of the candle and causes no swelling or running of the
wax. This wire being fixed to the shade the whole therefore fall together auto-
matically as the candle is consumed.
The same application we apply to a small metal, or other material, cup held to
catch the grease when candle is carried or tilted.
In order to more particularly explain this our invention, we have appended
hereunto an illustrative sheet of drawings upon which are figures and letters of
reference, similar letters, referring throughout the several views to the same thing
or part.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the invention showing the shade holder in position.
Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view on line A. B.
Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view on line C D.
Fig. 4 is a side elevation showing a modification of this our invention.
Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view on line E. F.
a is the spring metal clip formed from a strip of metal (see Fig. 3) and secured by
soldering etc. to the vertical rod b. c is the shade holder (shade not shown).
Attached to the shade holder c is the short tube d, formed in this instance (Fig. 1)
by means of the wire e. This tube is made so as to slide easily upon the rod b. At
the lower part of the tube the wire is bent and cranked downwards at f so as to pass
between the flame and the periphery g of the consuming candle, without interfering
with either. At the extreme end of this wire is formed a loop h which is passed
over the wick of the candle.
Thus the weight of the shade, shade holder c, and tube d is carried upon the
candle, close at its centre, where the wax is in its most melted condition, which
causes a deep embedment into the wax, and thereby makes a deeper hollow or
dishlike shape of the candle-than is at present-which furnishes a natural cavity
for the melted wax and thus prevents guttering or overflowing. Further by reason
of the wire at f escaping the periphery of the candle, such periphery is left unbroken,
which is not the case in those of
present make.
Again. In Figs. 4 and 5, we have shown a modification of this our invention in
which the shade i is formed of metal, the rod j and tube k being square in
sectional form. The bent and cranked piece f in this case is formed of metal into
a cup shape h¹ so that it lies in the melted grease, the said grease may flow thereinto,
and as the candle may be carried about, it would more effectually prevent overflow,
while for stationary purposes its effects would be as before stated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
'
1. The combination with the rod b, tube d, shade holder c, of the bent and
cranked arm f, and loop h, constructed and operating substantially as shown and
described.
2. The combination with the rod j, tube k, shade i, of the bent arm f¹ having at
its outer end the metal cup h¹, substantially as set forth and shown.'
3. The combination with any of the several parts described and illustrated upon
the drawings, of the bent and cranked parts for 1 having the loop / or cup h¹
substantially as set forth and illustrated.
Dated this 5th day of January 1891
CHARLES T. POWELL,
Applicants' Agent.