Improvements in the Manufacture of Yarns and in Machinery employed therefor.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 29th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 1st Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Yarns and in Machinery
employed therefor.
We, JOHN CROSSLEY AND SONS, LIMITED AND REDUCED, of Dean Clough
Mills, Halifax, in the County of York, Carpet Manufacturers, and JOHN BROOKS,
of Prospect House, Beacon Hill Road, Halifax aforesaid, Manager, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of
machinery employed therefor.
yarns
and in
In the spinning and twining of some classes of yarn it has been found that when
running at high speed, as the cops increase in size and weight, the spindles
begin to vibrate to such an extent as to cause injury to the yarn and to the
machinery.
In order to avoid this excessive vibration and wear and tear it is customary to
run the machinery at a speed so slow that even when the cops are approaching
completion no injurious, vibration takes place.
According to this invention we adapt to the spinning or twining machinery
mechanism, whereby we are enabled to drive the machinery at a varying speed or
speeds preserving as a minimum speed that speed usually adopted which we employ
as the cops approach completion and running the machinery at a quicker speed or
speeds during the earlier portions of the building of the cops, at which time such
quick speeds can safely be employed without undue vibration or injury to the
yarn. By this means we are able to increase the production of yarn to a
considerable extent without practical increase in the wear and tear of the
machinery.
In carrying out our invention, in order to produce the different speeds of spindles
we require, we mount upon the main driving shaft pulleys of suitable different
diameters and upon the counter-shaft of the machine we mount sets of fast and
loose pulleys of suitable different diameters, each set of fast and loose pulleys
being connected to its corresponding pulley on the main driving shaft by means of
a separate belt, which may be operated singly.
1
The belt or belts, not driving the machine for the time being, is or are arranged
to run upon the loose pulley or pulleys.
+
When the spindles have been run at the higher or highest speed during the
carlier portion of the building of the cops, the belt, for the time being driving the
machine, is shifted from the fast to the loose pulley by suitable mechanism and
another belt is shifted from the loose to the fast pulley, which belt drives the
machine at a slower speed until either the building of the cops is completed or it is
desirable to again reduce the speed of the machine, which reduction is effected in
a similar manner by the change of, belts.
A suitable arrangement of mechanism for carrying out our invention is as
follows: To the headstock of the mule we attach a small shaft carrying towards
.one extremity a ratchet or .catch-wheel and towards the other extremity a worm,
the said. worm gears. into a worm-wheel suitably mounted, the 'said worm-wheel
carrying towards its periphery a stud adapted to come into contact with one arm
of a lever working freely upon a stud suitably,mounted, towards the other extremity
Jof the said lever is a hook. or catch which is arranged to engage with a stud carried
iby a collar attached to an upright rod.
The said rod slides freely in suitable bearings and the stud when engaged by the
.hook or .catch is: held firmly in that position by means of a spring in a state of
compression

page_text: As the worm-wheel revolves it brings the stud mounted upon it into contact with
one arm of the lever and carries it forward until the hook or catch, towards
the other extremity of the lever, releases the stud on the collar secured to the
upright rod and, by this means, the upright rod is forced upwards by the action of
the spring and its motion brings 'an arm mounted upon it towards its upper
extremity into contact with the setting-on rods of the machine, which shift one
belt from the fast to the loose pulley and another belt from the loose to the fast
pulley, thus effecting the required alteration of speed.
Motion is communicated to the above nained rack or catch-wheel by means of
what is termed the long cam-lever, towards the outer extremity of which is attached
a small catch, the said catch comes into contact with the rack or catch-wheel and,
every time the carriage of the mule makes its inward journey, the end of the lever
rises and, by means of the catch attached thereto, causes the rack or catch-wheel
'to revolve one tooth. The rack or catch-wheel can be changed-so as to alter the
speed of the machine at any required time.
Although we have only described the mechanism as employed for changing the
speed once it will be obvious that, by attaching more studs to the worm-wheel and
suitable connections, it is possible to obtain a greater number of speeds.
Dated the 28th day of November 1891.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Yarns and in Machinery
employed therefor.
We, JOHN CROSSLEY AND SONS, LIMITED, of Dean Clough Mills, Halifax,
in the County of York, Carpet Manufacturers, and JOHN BROOKS, of Prospect
House, Beacon Hill Road, Halifax aforesaid, Manager, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following stateinent :-
This invention relaies to improvements in the manufacture of yarns and in
machinery employed therefor.
In the spinning and twining of some classes of yarn it 'has been found that
when running at high speed, as the cops increase in size and weight, the spindles
begin to vibrate to such an extent as to cause injury to the yarn and toi'the
machinery.
.
In order to avoid this excessive vibration and wear and tear it is customary to
run the machinery at a speed so slow that even when the cops are approaching
completion no injurious vibration takes place.
According to this invention we adapt to the spinning or twiningsmachinery,
mechanism whereby we are enabled to drive the machinery at a varying. speed or
'speeds preserving as a minimum speed that speed usually adopted which we employ
as the cops approach completion and running the machinery at a quicker speed or
speeds during the carlier portions of the building of the cops, at which time
such quick speeds can safely be employed without undue vibration or-injury to
the yarn. By this "means we are able to increase the production of yarn to a
considerable extent without practical increase in the wear and tear of the
'machinery.
In carrying out our invention in order to produce the different speeds of spindles
'we' require, we mount upon the main driving shaft pulleys of suitable different
diameters and upon the countershaft of the machine we mount sets of fast and
loose pulleys of suitable different diameters, cach set of fast and loose pulleys
-being connected to its corresponding pulley on the main driving 'shaft by means of a
separate bolt, which may be operated singly.

page_text: The belt or belts, not driving the machine for the time being, is or are arranged
to run upon the loose pulley or pulleys.
When the spindles have been run at the higher or highest speed during the
carlier portion of the building of the cops, the belt, for the time being driving the
machine, is shifted from the fast to the loose pulley by suitable mechanism and
another belt is shifted from the loose to the fast pulley, which belt drives the
machine at a slower-speed until either the building of the cops is completed or it is
desirable to again reduce the speed of the machine, which reduction is effected in
a similar manner by the change of belts.
A suitable arrangement of mechanism for effecting the shifting of the belts is
as follows: On the headstock of the mule we mount a small shaft carrying at one
extremity a ratchet or catch-wheel and towards the other extremity a worm, the
said worin gears into a worm-wheel suitably mounted, the said worm-wheel carrying
towards its periphery a stud adapted to come into contact with one arm of a lever
working freely upon a stud suitably mounted, towards the other extremity of the
said lever is a hook or catch which is arranged to engage with a stud carried by a
collar attached to an upright rod.
The said rod slides freely in suitable bearings and the stud when engaged by the
hook or catch is held firmly in that position by means of a spring in a state of
compression.
As the worm-wheel revolves it brings the stud mounted upon it into contact with
one arm of the lever and carries it forward until the hook or catch, towards the
other extremity of the lever, releases the stud on the collar secured to the upright
rod and, by this means, the upright rod is forced upwards by the action of the
spring and its motion brings an arm mounted upon it towards its upper extremity
into contact with the setting-on rods of the machine, which shift one belt from the
fast to the loose pulley and another belt from the loose to the fast pulley, thus
effecting the required alteration of speed.
Motion is communicated to the above named ratchet or catch-wheel by means of
what is termed the long cam-lever, towards the outer extremity of which is attached
a small catch or pawl, the said catch comes into contact with the ratchet or catch-
wheel and, every time the carriage of the mule makes its inward journey, the end
of the lever rises and, by means of the catch attached thereto, causes the ratchet
or catch-wheel to revolve one tooth. The ratchet or catch-wheel can be changed
so as to alter the speed of the machine at any required time.
In order to enable our invention to be fully understood we will describe, by
reference to the accompanying drawings, a suitable arrangement of mechanism for
carrying it into practical effect, the said mechanism being shewn as applied to a
mule and arranged to drive the cop spindle at two different speeds during the
building of the cops:
Figure 1 is a side clevation of the mechanism :
Figure 2 is an end view of the same:
Figure 3 is a plan of a detail:
Figure 4 is an elevation of a portion of the mechanism drawn to an enlarged
scale; and,
Figure 5 is a view at right angles to Figure 4 with a part omitted for the sake
of clearness.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
a is the main driving shaft of the mule, and b, c are the two driving pulleys of
different diameters which we mount on the said shaft for effecting the two different
speeds of the cop spindles. d, e and f, g are the two sets of fast and loose pulleys
which we mount on the countershaft hand which are respectively driven from the
two pulleys and by the belts b, c, as shewn; i is the usual pulley on the
countershaft for driving the cop spindles through the medium of the belt and
the fast and loose pulleys, jis the mule headstock.
The pulleys c, are proportioned so as to impart to the countershaft h the speed

page_text: which has hitherto been usually adopted during the whole time the cops are being
formed, and the pulleys b, d are proportioned so as to impart a greater speed to the
said shaft during the earlier portion of the building of the cops according to our
invention.
and are two setting-on rods which are respectively connected by the
levers,, shafts m, m³, levers n, n' and sliding rods o, o' to the belt forks p, p',
the said forks operating respectively in connection with the two sets of pulleys d, e
and f, g. 9, are springs for moving the rods o, o as hereinafter described.
The two setting-on rods k, k' are provided with slots 2,2 through which passes a
pin on a bracket A, the said pin engaging with notches in the rods so as to prevent
any movement of the belt forks connected to the said rods under the action of the
springs q, g until the required time.
is the small shaft which we mount in a bearing on the mule headstock j,
and are respectively the ratchet-wheel and worm carried on the ends of
the said shaft. s is the worm-wheel engaging with the worm 22, and s is the
stud on the said wheel which comes into contact with one arm of the lever t
pivotted to a bracket as the said wheel is revolved by the usual long cam
lever in the manner hereinafter described. t is the hook or catch on the lever t
and is the stud with which the said hook engages, the said stud being formed
on a collar attached to the upright rod which slides in a bearing formed
in the bracket t' and is provided with a cross-bar supporting the rods k, k³.
is the spring arranged beneath the rod v.
is the usual long cam-lever provided with the spring-catch or pawl w¹ which
engages with the ratchet wheel, the said cam-lever being provided with cam-
pieces wat each end against which the usual faller shafts w strike at the end of
each reciprocation of the carriage of the mule (not shewn) so as to depress each
end of the said cam-lever alternately and thereby cause the catch w¹ to rotate the
wheel ¹.
The operation is as follows:-The parts of the mechanism being in the position
shewn in Figures 1 and 2, that is to say, in the position they occupy during the
earlier portion of the building of the cops, in which position the belt b' embraces
the fast pulley d and the belt c', the loose pulley g, the belt driving onto the
fast pulley, the cop spindles will as hereinbefore described be rotated at a greater
speed than is at present adopted. This speed will continue until the rotation of
the wheels through the action of the mule carriage on the cam-lever we causes the
studs to come into contact with the lower end of the lever thereby releasing
the stud u and allowing the spring ² to force up the rod and to disengage the
notches in the rods k, from the pin so that the springs 9, 9' will move the belt
forks p, to shift the belts and c¹ onto the loose and fast pulleys e and frespec-
tively, thereby decreasing the speed of the cop spindles during the later portion
of the building of the cops.
Although we have only described the mechanism as employed for changing the
speed once it will be obvious that, by attaching more studs to the worm-wheel
and providing more sets of fast and loose pulleys it is possible to obtain a greater
number of speeds, and it will also be understood that cone pulleys may be employed
instead of pulleys of different diameters, in which case one shifting belt only will
be required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The combination with spinning and twining machinery for the manufacture
of yarns of mechanism substantially as described, whereby the machinery is driven
at a varying speed or speeds in the manner and for the purposes substantially as
hereinbefore described.
3.
2. The combination with spinning and twining machinery for the manufacture

page_text: of yarns of the mechanism hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings for varying the speed or speeds of the spindles in such a manner
that they are driven at a quicker speed or speeds at the earlier portion, of the
building of the cops than at the later portion of the building of the cops for the
purpose described."
Dated the 29th day of August 1892.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicants.