IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Stephen Bateson, of 17, Bolton Street,
May Fair, in the County of Middlesex, Barrister-at-Law, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM AND IN THE APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Sealed the 27th May 1859, and dated the 31st March 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Stephen Bateson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
81st March 1859.
I, SAMUEL STEPHEN BATESON, of 17, Bolton Street, May Fair, in the County
of Middlesex, Barrister-at-Law, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM AND IN THE APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improved systems or modes of effecting a
more economic generation of steam, and to certain peculiar constructions and
arrangements of apparatus to be employed for such. purpose.
According to the first part of this Invention, it is proposed to generate or
assist the generation of steam in steam boilers or generators of all kinds,
whether for locomotive, marine, or stationary engines, by forcing the feed
water by any suitable feed or force pump or pumps fitted with suitable valves,
through a pipe, tubular coil, vessel, or water box, (any or all of which appliances

page_text: for the sake of brevity, is or are hereafter included under the term "feed
coil,") placed within the body of the furnace or in any other position where
the "feed coil" may be sufficiently heated.
The feed water during its passage through the "feed coil," after it leaves
the feed or force pump and before entering the boiler, becomes intensely
heated and is discharged through a suitable valve and valve box into the
boiler.
A hand feed or force pump in connection with the "feed coil" may
be employed when the engine is not at work. In place of forcing water
through the "feed coil" steam may be forced through it, such steam being
generated in a separate smaller boiler or boilers, and by passing through the
"feed coil" will be highly superheated before entering the main boiler through
a suitable valve, and may be employed either wholly or partially as fuel for
generating the steam therein; or in lieu of steam, air may be forced through
the "feed coil," and so made to enter the main boiler through a suitable valve
in a highly, heated state, for the purpose of assisting the generation of steam.
The second part of this Invention consists in applying to that part of the
"feed coil" next to the feed or force pump a valve box fitted with a suitable
valve, which in combination with the valve herein-before referred to at the
opposite end of the "feed coil," will admit of the feed pump being stopped,
and of the "feed coil" itself forming part of the boiler, as by opening both
valves a constant circulation of the water in the boiler through the "feed
coil will take place; a similar result may be obtained by using two cocks
instead of the double valve. It is further proposed to add a second valve or
to use a double valve in the valve box next the feed or force pump, so arranged
as to afford facility when requisite for entirely shutting off all communication
between the feed or force pump and the "feed coil," the feed being supplied
to the boiler direct without having to pass through the "feed coil." It is
obvious that this part of my Invention is applicable only to the economic
generation of steam by means of highly heated water.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Stephen Bateson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 26th September 1859.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, Her special license that I, the
said Samuel Stephen Bateson, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, my executors, adminis-
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM AND IN THE
APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same.
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to some extent to an Invention of "Improve-
ments in Generating Steam," for which British Letters Patent were granted
to me on or about the Thirtieth day of December in the year One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-eight, and it consists of certain improved systems or
modes of effecting a more economical generation of steam, and to certain
peculiar constructions and arrangements of apparatus to be employed for such
purpose.
According to the first part of this Invention, it is proposed to generate or
assist the generation of steam in steam boilers or generators of all kinds,
whether for locomotive, marine, or stationary engines, by forcing the feed
water by any suitable feed or force pump or pumps fitted with suitable valves
through a pipe, tubular coil, vessel, or water box (any or all of which appliances
for the sake of brevity is or are herein-after included under the term "feed"
coil"), placed within the body of the furnace, or any other position where the
"feed coil" may be sufficiently heated.
The feed water during its passage through the "feed coil," after it leaves

page_text: the feed or force pump and before entering the boiler, becomes intensely
heated, and is discharged through a suitable valve and valve box into the
boiler.
A hand feed or force pump in connection with the "feed coil" may be
employed when the engine is not at work. In place of forcing water
through the "feed coil," steam may be forced through it, such steam being
generated in a separate smaller boiler or boilers, and by passing through the
"feed coil" will be highly superheated before entering the main boiler through
a suitable valve, and may be employed either wholly or partially as fuel for
generating the steam therein; or, in lieu of steam; air may be forced through
the "feed coil," and so made to enter the main boiler through a suitable valve
in a highly heated state for the purpose of assisting the generation of steam.
The second part of this Invention consists in applying to that part of the
"feed coil" next to the feed or force pump a valve box fitted with a suitable
valve, which in combination with the valve herein-before referred to at the
opposite end of the "feed coil" will admit of the feed pump being stopped,
and of the "feed coil" itself forming part of the boiler, as by opening both
valves a constant circulation of the water in the boiler through the "feed
coil," will take place. It is further proposed to add a second valve, or to use
a double valve in the valve box next the feed or force pump, so arranged as to
afford facility when requisite for entirely shutting off all communication:
between the feed or force pump and the "feed coil," the feed being supplied
to the boiler direct without having to pass through the "feed coil." It is
obvious that this part of my Invention is applicable only to the economical
generation of steam by means of highly heated water.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood, I shall
now proceed to describe certain modifications under which my improvements.
may be judiciously carried out in practice, reference being made to the Sheets
of Drawings attached hereunto.
Figure 1 on Sheet 1 of my Drawings represents an end elevation of a
cylindrical steam boiler and furnace of the ordinary kind, as arranged accord-
ing to one modification of my Invention. Figure 2, on the same Sheet, is a
corresponding vertical longitudinal section of the same, and Figure 3 is an
enlarged perspective detail of the feed coil detached. Figure 1, on Sheet 2 of
the Drawings, is an enlarged sectional detail of the valvular arrangements by
which the feed water is admitted to the heating pipes; and Figure 2 is a
similar view of the valvular details by which the heated water, air, or 'steam,
is admitted into the boiler. The feed pump or other supplier is connected to
the pipo A, which opens into the clack valve box B; a branch C from: this

page_text: valve opens into the valve casing D fitted with upper and lower reversed
conical disc valves E, F. These valves are both attached to one spindle
passing out through a stuffing box at the top, and terminating in a screw G.
This screw is fitted with a nut attached to a winch handle H, which nut
works in a cross bar of a pair of guide pillars, so that on turning the handle
the two valves may be simultaneously raised or lowered as may be desired.
When the valve spindle is screwed down, the upper valve E is closed upon its
seat, whilst the lower one F is opened, as here represented; in this condition
of the parts, the feed water as pumped in, takes the course indicated by the
arrows. It passes by the lower valve F down the pipe I, and thus enters the
coil of pipe or tube J (Sheet 1) in the furnace. This arrangement of heating
pipes or tubes may be variously contrived; it may either be in the form of a
series of arched zig-zags or serpentines, as described in my previous Speci-
fication herein-before referred to, or it may be as shewn in the detailed plan
Figure 3. In the latter case, the feed water enters the pipes at a (Figure 8,
Sheet 1), passing longitudinally along the furnace until it reaches 6, where a
bend is formed to bring it back again to the front; another bend at c takes it
back to the far end of the furnace again; there, there is a bend at d, leading
the water into a short transverse length of tube e, passing across the mouth of
the furnace at or near the bridge. This portion is or may be made of a
somewhat increased bore, for the purpose of holding more water at the part
most likely to be subjected to the intensest heat. From this part, a bend f
continues the tube into another longitudinal portion passing to the front of the
furnace, where there is a bend g, which is continued on into another longi-
tudinal piece h, passing back again to the bridge. This length goes on to a
bend at i near the bridge, and then crosses and re-crosses the furnace, finally,
emerges therefrom by the longitudinal tube j. This terminates at K in the
bottom of the casing of the hot water admission valve to the boiler; this valve
casing has within it a single valve L opening 'upwards, to allow the heated
water to enter the. boiler by the branch M. This valve has attached to it a
spindle N actuated by a screw in the manner herein-before described with
reference to the valve admitting the water to the furnace tubing, a slotted
connection being employed to afford free play to the valve. With this
arrangement the heated water supply to the boiler can be regulated with great
nicety, either by adjusting the rate of the feed pump or the length of its stroke,
or by so setting the valves as to admit the exact quantity necessary for the
due working of the boiler. Provision is made for working a boiler, fitted
up in
this way, without circulating the water through the furnace tubes, by admitting
the water directly from the upper part of the first valve casing D, through the

page_text: branch pipo O to the boiler. In that case the feed water would be pumped
directly into the boiler, and the furnace tubes and connections may be used
simply as a part of the boiler, or they may be put out of use altogether. A
small cock is fitted at P on this valve casing to shew that the water is really
entering the valve, and a similar cock Q is fitted upon the other valve casing
for the purpose of affording an external flow of heated water, as well to provo
the actual transmission of the hot water as to produce a current in the furnace
tubes at the times when these tubes are acting simply as a part of the boiler.
Whatever water is discharged by this cock Q can be conducted back into the
feed water so as to economise whatevor heat it may contain. The view,
Figure 1, Sheet 2, shows the provision which is made for indicating the
position of the duplex valve in its casing D. This contrivance consists of an
index carried by the screw spindle, and pointing out on one of the guido
pillars the actual elevation of the valves. When quite up, the upper disc of
the valves is opened to admit water direct to the boiler, whilst the lower disc
is closed to stop the ingress of water to the furnace tubes. When screwed
down, the upper disc is closed, and the lower one is opened for the circulation
of the water in the furnace tubes, as already described, whilst when adjusted
mid-way, both discs are open. The same plan is or may be also adopted for
the other valve admitting the hot water to the boiler. Stopcocks or other
valves may be adopted instead of this arrangement, but it is preferred to uso
the details herein shewn.
In locomotive engines, I prefer to use a separate water box or chamber,
through which I force the water into the furnace coil. This water box is
disposed so as to be the carliest heated, and when steam is getting up, the
pressure will insure water being forced from it through the coil in the
furnace, and thus prevent any burning of the coil. This arrangement also
answers for other boilers.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel
and original, and thereforo claim as the Invention secured to me by the
hercin-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the general arrangement of apparatus for generating steam, as herein-
before described.
Second, the application and use of the herein-before described valvular
contrivances for the purpose of governing or regulating the admission of feed
water to heating tubes, and thence to the steam boiler.
Third, the system or inode of working steam boilers or generators wherein

page_text: the feed water is pumped or supplied either directly to the boiler or to the
furnace beating tubes, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of September, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-nine.
SAMUEL STEPHEN BATESON. (L.s.)