Improvements in Spraying Apparatus for Applying Paint or similar Substances to Walls or other Surfaces.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd May, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Feb., 1895-Accepted, 30th Mar., 1895.
HUYUNAD
Improvements in Spraying Apparatus for Applying Paint or similar
Substances to Walls or other Surfaces.
We, ROUGHSEDGE WALLWORK, Engineer, Roger Street, Manchester, and
ARTHUR COLLINGS WELLS, Engineer, 103 Midland Road, St. Pancras,
London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to apparatus for utilizing fluid pressure for spraying
surfaces with paint, whitewash, tar or other materials which are usually applied
by means of brushes.
We use air under pressure, and one part of our invention comprises the use
of separate removable vessels for containing the paint or other substance suspended
in the compressed air tank. These vessels may be open at the top like ordinary
paint cans. The tank is provided with a lid or cover, preferably on the top.
This lid is attached to the tank by two or more bayonet joints or other suitable
means. When this lid is removed the liquid vessel which is suspended inside the
tank either from the lid or otherwise can be quickly taken out and replaced by
another vessel containing fresh colour or other substance as desired.
Our invention also comprises a special form of mixer or stirrer arranged in
combination with the above apparatus. The cover of the compressed air tank is
provided with a packing gland and through this gland a hollow spindle is inserted
which extends nearly to the bottom of the paint or liquid chamber, and is furnished
with blades. The spindle and blades can be rotated by means of a handle at the
upper end of the spindle and by these means the paint or liquid can be readily
stirred or mixed. The spindle being hollow or tubular serves as a conduit for
the paint or liquid which by the pressure in the tank acting on the surface of the
liquid is forced up through the hollow spindle whence it is conducted by a side pipe
to the valves and spraying nozzle or nozzles.
Another part of our said invention comprises means for coupling the pipes or
hose to the air compressor, air tank, or spraying nozzles. We have found it of
importance to be able to couple and uncouple these parts quickly, and we therefore
use a gland and stuffing-box arranged with indiarubber or other suitable washer
or parking material, so that the different parts can be coupled by simply pushing
the ends of the pipes into the glands of the stuffing-boxes.
Our invention also comprises a removable gauze strainer or perforated cylinder,
such as that described in the Specification of our prior Patent numbered 1721887,
arranged either upon the air tank or near the spraying nozzle. The paint or other
liquid in its passage from the 1.quid vessel and the air respectively in its passage
from the compressed air receptacle or air compressor are made to pass through
gauze or a perforated cylinder. thereby ireeing the paint or liquid of impurities.
This strainer is screwed at its end and made with a handle or wings so that it
can be quickly unscrewed and taken out for cleaning, without uncoupling the
pipes or other parts. We also make this strainer so that without being removed
from its place and without uncoupling the pipes it may be revolved and cleaned,
by the aid of a brush or otherwise."
Our invention also comprises an improved device for distributing and regu-
lating the distribution of the paint or other liquid. This device has a pipe for

page_text: conveying the liquid, which pipe at its extremity has a valve face and a lateral
hole for the exit of the liquid. The said pipe is arranged in combination with
the air jet or nozzle. A sleeve is screwed upon the said pipe and arranged to fit
the valve face so as to regulate the flow of the liquid through the lateral hole. A
disc of gauze, carried by a rotating frame is placed in front of the valve face, the
mesh of this gauze being regulated according to the class of work to be done.
For this purpose it is mounted on a stud projecting from the valve face and can
be readily changed by taking out and replacing a screw. A guard is provided in
combination with the gauze disc which can be rotated so as to bring a clean surface
of the gauze in front of the air jet. This jet is so arranged that it can be changed
according to the class of work, and amount of air pressure required. We arrange
the air supply pipe so that the distance of the jet or nozzle from the gauze may
be regulated as required. The closer we bring our air supply or blast to the
gauze the smaller should be the amount of gauze exposed, and we arrange the
opening in the guard so that the blast of air covers the surface area exposed.
Therefore whatever quantity of paint or liquid may be allowed to flow upon the
gauze it will be carried forward by the air blast in the condition of a fine spray.
We e can thus quickly change from one class of work to another.
We also arrange two small valves, so that they can be operated both together or
separately to shut off the liquid or the air separately or simultaneously.
We
In place of the aforesaid wire gauze we may use a series of reeds placed in a
vertical position edgeways to the air blast or a series of fine wires or bristles.
provide means for sliding them so as to bring a fresh or clean surface to the front
of the air blast as required. We may for the purpose of cleaning the said gauze,
reeds, wires or bristles arrange a small brush so that any skin or other matter may
be quickly removed from the liquid. In some cases we arrange a double surface of
gauze, reeds, wires or the like and allow the liquid to be fed between the two
surfaces; this arrangement is more particularly applicable when the pipes are in a
vertical position. We may arrange a small receptacle suspended below the jet to
catch any liquid that escapes from the air blast and in some cases we provide two
or more jets or nozzles for the air blast combined with liquid feed apparatus
arranged to blow through one large disc of gauze or separate smaller discs.
According to another modification of our improved spraying arrangement we
make the air act as an ejector to lift or draw the paint or colouring material from a
receptacle that may be arranged under or over the jet, or jets. The quantity is
regulated by a small valve or valves and a regular feed is arranged to supply this
receptacle from the store under compression. We in some instances dispense with
the pressure in such case we do away with the second flexible hose pipe from the
air compressing arrangement, and take our paint from an ordinary paint can.
working at low pressure our paint supply must be near to the jet, but with higher
pressure we can connect to the paint by a small length of hose pipe.
If
We sometimes make the delivery pipe for the paint or liquid of smaller diameter
than the air pipe and place it within said air pipe so as only to have one connection
from the liquid chamber.
The aforesaid air tank or holder fitted with the liquid vessel or receptacle can be
used by means of a flexible tube, at any distance from the air pump which supplies
air to the said tank.
Dated this 3rd day of May. 1004

page_text: Improvements in Spraying Apparatus for Applying Paint or similar
Substances to Walls or other Surfaces.
We, ROUGHSEDGE WALLWORK, Engineer, Roger Street, Manchester, and
ARTHUR COLLINGS WELLS, Engineer, 103 Midland Road, St. Paneras,
London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to apparatus for utilizing fluid pressure for spraying
surfaces with paint, whitewash, tar or other materials that are usually applied by
means of brushes.
We use air under pressure and one part of our invention comprises the use of
separate removable vessels for containing the paint or other substance such vessels
being suspended in the compressed air tank. These vessels may be open at the top
like ordinary paint cans. The tank is provided with a lid or cover, preferably on
top thereof. This lid is attached to the tank by two or more hinged or other joints
of suitable construction. When this lid is removed the liquid vessel which is
suspended inside the tank either from the lid or otherwise can be quickly taken
out and replaced by another vessel containing fresh paint or other substance as
desired.
Our invention also comprises a special form of mixer or stirrer arranged in
combination with the above apparatus. The cover of the compressed air tank is
provided with a gland and stuffing box through which a hollow spindle passes and
extends nearly to the bottom of the paint or liquid vessel, and is furnished with
blades. The spindle and its blades can be rotated or oscillated by means of a
handle at the upper end of the spindle and by these means the paint or liquid cau
be readily stirred or mixed. The spindle being hollow or tubular serves as a
conduit for the paint or liquid which by the air pressure in the tank
acting on the surface of the said liquid is forced up through the hollow spindle.
whence it is conducted by a side pipe to the valves and spraying nozzle or nozzles.
Instead of forming the stirrer spindle hollow we may make it solid and employ a
separate tube for conducting the paint or other liquid from the removable vessel
within the compressed air tank.
Another part of our said invention comprises means for coupling the pipes or
hose to the air compressor, compressed air tank, or spraying nozzles. We have
found it of importance to be able to couple and uncouple these parts quickly, and
we therefore use a gland and stuffing box arranged with indiarubber or other
suitable washers or packing material, so that the different parts can be coupled
by simply pushing the ends of the pipes into the glands of the stuffing boxes and
tightening up the said glands.
Our invention also comprises a removable gauze strainer or perforated cylinder,
such as that described in the Specification of our prior Patent numbered 1721887,
arranged upon the compressed air tauk or near the spraying nozzle. The paint or
other liquid, in its passage from the liquid vessel, and the air in its passage from
the compressed air receptacle or air compressor may be respectively made to pass
through gauze or a perforated cylinder, thereby freeing the paint or liquid of
impurities. This strainer is screwed at its end and made with a handle or wings so
that it can be quickly unscrewed and taken out for cleaning, without uncoupling
the pipes or other parts. We may also make this strainer so that without being
removed from its place and without uncoupling the pipes it may be revolved and be
cleaned by the aid of a brush or otherwise.

page_text: According to another modification of our improved spraying arrangement we
make the air act as an ejector to draw the paint or colouring material from a
receptacle that may be arranged under or above the spraying jet, or jets. The
quantity ejected from the said receptacle is regulated by a sinall valve or valves
and a tap is arranged to regulate the supply to this receptacle from the store
under compression. We in some instances dispense with the pressure for forcing
the paint or other liquid through the delivery pipes and in such case we do away
with the air pipe from the air compressing device, and take our paint from an
ordinary paint can. If working at low pressure our paint supply must be near to
the jet, but with higher pressure we can connect to the paint supply by a short
length of suitable piping.
We sometimes make the delivery pipe for the paint or liquid of smaller diameter
than the air pipe and place it within said air pipe.
In order that our said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect we will describe the same more fully with reference to the
accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation and
Figure 2 a sectional plan showing the compressed air tank with its removable
paint vessel and the mixer or stirrer employed therewith.
Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view shewing the construction of the upper
part of the mixer or stirrer when this latter is made hollow.
Figure 4 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line 1. 1. of Figure 2, shewing
the strainer applied to the delivery outlet of the compressed air tank and also
shewing the means we may employ for enabling the delivery pipe to be readily
coupled to the said compressed air tank.
Figure 5 is a vertical longitudinal section of the spraying jet in which the
compressed air is caused to eject the paint or other liquid from a receptacle situated
in contiguity to said jet.
Figure 6 is a similar view shewing a spraying jet in which the compressed air is
caused to eject the paint or other liquid from an ordinary paint can.
Figure 7 is a vertical longitudinal section of a portion of the delivery pipe in
which the paint conduit is arranged within the air pipe.
Like letters of reference indicate similar parts in all the figures.
A is the compressed air tank, B its cover, C the removable paint or other liquid
vessel, D the mixer or stirrer spindle, and E the delivery outlet on the lid of
the tank.
Referring more particularly to Figures 1 and 2 the compressed air tank A is
composed of a cylindrical chamber having a safety valve A¹, air outlet valve A
and pressure gauge A³. This tank is open at the top where it is formed with a
neck A through which the removable paint vessel C can be inserted into or
removed from the tank. The said removable paint vessel is of cylindrical form
and is open at its top where it is provided with a rim or flange C¹ which is adapted
to rest upon a series of projections or webs A³ extending from the inner part of
the said tank and by means of which the paint vessel is supported. It will be
seen that by arranging the paint vessel within the tank in this manner a space is
left completely around above and below said paint vessel so that the compressed
air entering through the orifice Aº can effectually act upon the surface of the paint
or other liquid within the paint vessel without exerting any undue pressure on the
paint vessel itself.
The cover B of the tank is formed with slots B', and on its under surface with
a circular groove or channel B2 which latter when said cover is attached to the
tank fits on to the edge of the rim or flange composing the neck A'. A joint ring
or washer B³ is interposed between the groove or channel B2 and said edge of the
neck A so that when the eye bolts A are turned up to engage with the slots B¹
and their butterfly nuts screwed up a tight joint is produced between the cover and
the tank.
The said cover is provided with a stuffing box and gland B4 through which

page_text: passes the mixer or stirrer spindle D. This spindle extends into the paint
vessel C and is provided with sets of blades D' D' and with a handle D2 at its
outer end for enabling the spindle and its blades to be oscillated when it is desired
to mix or agitate the paint or other liquid within the paint vessel.
The said cover is also provided with a tube E' which extends almost to the
bottom of the paint vessel and at its upper extremity communicates with the
delivery outlet E.
The compressed air within the tank A by acting upon
the surface of the paint or other liquid within the paint vessel C forces said paint
or other liquid through the tube E' and thus through the delivery outlet to the
jets or nozzles by means of suitable delivery pipes. By adjusting the compressed
air inlet valve A8 the force with which the paint or other liquid is expelled from
the paint vessel by the compressed air can be regulated.
Instead of employing a separate pipe for conducting the paint or other liquid
from the paint vessel we can make the mixer or stirrer spindle D hollow as shewn
at Figure 3 and in this case the handle D² can be formed with a tubular portion D³
terminating in an orifice D' to which the delivery pipe can be connected."
Referring now to Figure 4 F is a tap or plug casing which is adapted to be
connected to the outlet E and which is divided into two compartments F F2 by
the partition F³. Within this casing is the strainer which is composed of a
perforated or reticulated cylindrical plug Fx located in the compartment F² and its
inner end which is open enters an orifice formed in the said partition F³ so that
when the paint or other liquid flows into the compartment F' said paint or other
liquid is compelled to pass through the perforated or reticulated plug Fx in order
to reach the compartment F2 and in this manner becomes freed of impurities or
solid matter. The said reticulated plug or stramer is furnished with a butterfly
head F and a threaded portion F whereby it can be readily removed from the
said casing when it is desired to cleanse the plug.
In this figure we have also shewn the casing F provided with a stuffing box and
gland G the said gland being furnished with a handle G¹ for enabling it to be
Conveniently tightened or loosened within the stuffing box which latter is provided
with rubber or other suitable packing material. By loosening the said gland the
pressure exerted by the packing material on the tube or paint delivery pipe I can
be reduced sufficiently to enable the said tube to be easily withdrawn. The said
tube can be readily coupled again to the casing by merely inserting it through the
gland and stuffing box and then tightening up the gland.
Referring to Figure 5 which illustrates a method of employing the compressed
air for jecting the paint or other liquid from the spraying jet, the said jet consists
of two concentric nozzles H and 1x the former of which is in communication
with the passage 11 and the latter with the passage 11. The passage His in
direct communication with the compressed air pipe H and the passage I' is provided
with a tube 12 leading from the receptacle 13. 14 is another passage with which
the jet is formed, this passage communicating with the pipe I that conveys the
paint or other liquid from the source of supply. This passage is furnished with
an outlet at which is controlled by a tap or valve 1 said out let being so situated
as to conduct the paint or other liquid into the receptacle 13 when the tap or
valve 16 is opened. The said receptacle is furnished with a gauze strainer l' and
the tube 12 to which the receptacle is connected is provided with orifices 18 near
its lower end through which the contents of the receptacle enter the said tube and
thus gain access to the passage 1' leading to the nozzle 1*. The lower end of the
said tube is threaded to receive the receptacle 13 so that by turning said
receptacle in one or other direction the orifices 18 cau be more or less uncovered
and the supply of the contents from the receptacle 13 be thus controlled.
When the compressed air is allowed to flow through the passage H¹ it causes
the paint or other liquid within the receptacle 13 to be drawn up the tube 12 into
the assage and to be ejected from the nozzle I* as is well understood. By this
construction of jet the paint or other quid supply thereto is rendered quite
independent of the main supply which is controlled by the tap or valve I°.

page_text: In Figure 6 we have illustrated a modified construction of the above described
jet in which the receptacle I³ is dispensed with as also is the outlet at I, the
passage I being connected directly to the tap or valve 16. Instead of using the
paint supply under pressure as before we in this arrangement connect the paint
supply pipe to an ordinary paint can, from which the paint or other liquid is
drawn and ejected from the jet by the action of the compressed air passing through
the nozzle H*.
In some cases we may advantageously arrange the paint supply pipe I and the
air supply pipe H as illustrated at Figure 7 that is to say one within the other.
In this construction we have also shewn a socket K which is divided into two
compartments K1 K2 by the partition K*. One of these compartments, riz.: K¹,
communicates with the paint supply pipe I through the strainer FX,--which is
similar in construction to that already described and the other compartment K2
communicates with the air supply pipe H. This arrangement will be found
specially useful where the surface to be operated upon is beyond the reach of the
workmen, the concentric pipes I and H then serving as a comparatively long
handle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is :-
:-
1. In apparatus for spraying paint or similar substances the combination with a
compressed air-tank of removable vessels for containing the paint or similar
substance, for the purpose specified.
2. In apparatus for spraying paint or similar substances the combination with
the compressed air tank containing the removable vessels, of a mixer or stirrer for
agitating the contents of said removable vessels, and of a discharge pipe or outlet
through which the contents of said removable vessels can be delivered, for the
purpose specified.
3. The construction of the mixer or stirrer for use with the compressed air tank
and removable vessels substantially as described with reference to Figure 3 of the
accompanying drawings and for the purpose specified.
4. The use of a removable strainer in conjunction with the compressed air tank
or the spraying jet, substantially as described with reference to Figure 4 or
Figure 7 of the accompanying drawings.
5. The construction of the spraying jet whereby compressed air can be employed
for ejecting the paint or other substance from a receiver carried by said jet
substantially as described with reference to Figure 5 of the accompanying
drawings.
6. The construction of the spraying jet whereby compressed air can be employed
for ejecting the paint or other substance from an ordinary paint can substantially
as described with reference to Figure 6 of the accompanying drawings.
7. The combination with a spraying jet or nozzle of a delivery pipe arranged
within a compressed air pipe substantially as described with reference to Figure 7
of the accompanying drawings and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 1st day of February 1895
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.