IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC SCRAPER MATS
Year: 1885

page_text: We JOSIAH BROOKES of the Cape Bedstead Works, Smethwick, Manufacturer,
and HENRY GARNER of 164 Montague Road Smethwick, Manager, both of the
County of Stafford do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC SCRAPER MATS to
be as follows:-
The Metallic Scraper Mats to which these improvements relate are made with
wrought iron bars placed at a distance of say half or three quarters of an inch or
any other suitable distance apart. In the ordinary Metallic Scraper Mats these
bars are riveted to angle iron, or other suitable section, cross bars of wrought iron,
but we propose to use a casting in lieu of the angle iron cross bars, a mould being
prepared into which the ends of the bars are to be placed, and the melted cast iron
being then poured round them. This would cause the bars to be tightly held
together, and a scraper mat of superior construction would be the result. The
moulds into which the ends of the wrought iron bars are placed are of that
description known as chills, and they generally consist of two parts-the upper
and the lower part-these parts being secured together by screwed hook pins or
other common method of bolting them together when the iron has to be poured
into the chills. In the lower part of chill a number of narrow slots or grooves are
made in one side of the chill and into each of these, one of the ends of the wrought
iron bars is placed, the end projecting into the chill. The number of the slots
would depend upon the size of the Scraper Mat, and the quantity of bars required.
Another similar chill is also used in such a manner that the other ends of the bars
are introduced into this second chill. The cast iron is then poured first into one
chill and then into the other, and the mat is thus completed.
In other cases where required the chills are so arranged that the mat is
surrounded on all four sides by cast iron, instead of the two sides only, as above
described. This is a convenient arrangement when corrugated bars are employed,

page_text: instead of straight ones, as the two extra cast iron sides could be made to receive
the ends of the round wrought bars which would be placed at right angles with the
corrugated bars, through holes in which they pass, thus securing the mat together.
Of course the wrought iron bars may be bent into any ornamental shape so long
as the ends are secured into the chill castings as described.
These mats are generally galvanized to enable them to resist the damp and we
also galvanize them when required. In other cases we galvanize only the wrought
iron bars before they are cast into the chill castings as owing to the extreme
hardness of the chill castings we find they do not require to be galvanized in order
to resist the damp.

page_text: Scraper Mats.
We, JOSIAH BROOKES of The Cape Bedstead Works, Smethwick, Manufacturer
and HENRY GARNER of 164 Montague Road, Smethwick Manager, both of the
County of Stafford, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC SCRAPER MATS,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The Metallic Scraper Mats to which these improvements relate are made with
wrought iron bars placed at a distance of say half or three quarters of an inch or
any other suitable distance apart.
In the ordinary Metallic Scraper Mats these bars are riveted to angle iron or
other suitable section cross bars of wrought iron, but we propose, to use a casting
in lieu of the angle iron cross bars, a mould being prepared into which the ends of
the bars are to be placed and the melted cast iron being then poured round them.
This would cause the bars to be held tightly together and a Scraper Mat of
superior construction would be the result The moulds into which the ends of the
wrought iron bars are placed are of that description known as chills, and they
generally consist of two parts-the upper and the lower part-these parts being
secured together by screwed hook pins or other common method of bolting them
together when the iron has to be poured into the chills. In the lower part of chill
a number of narrow slots or grooves are made on one side of the chill and into each
of these, one of the ends of the wrought iron bars is placed, the end projecting into
the chill. The number of the slots would depend upon the size of the Scraper Mat,
and the quantity of bars required.
Another similar chill is also used in such a manner that the other ends of the
bars are introduced into this second chill. The cast iron is then poured first into
one chill and then into the other, and the mat is thus completed.
In other cases where required the chills are so arranged that the mat is
surrounded on all four sides by cast iron, instead of the two sides only, as above
described. This is a convenient arrangement when corrugated bars are employed,
instead of straight ones, as the two extra cast iron sides could be made to receive
the ends of the round wrought bars which would be placed at right angles with
the corrugated bars, through holes, in which, they pass, thus securing the mat
together.
Of course the wrought iron bars may be bent into any ornamental shape so long
as the ends are secured into the chill castings as described.
These mats are generally galvanized to enable them to resist the damp and we
also galvanize them when required. In other cases we galvanize only the wrought
iron bars before they are cast into the chill castings as owing to the extreme
hardness of the chill castings we find they do not require to be galvanized in order
to resist the damp.
In the accompanying drawings Figure 1. is the Scraper Mat as usually made by
the above described process. Fig. 2. shows another arrangement of the wrought

page_text: iron bars, Fig. 3. a front view of the chill in which the cross bars are cast. Fig. 4,
a plan of the said chill, the cover "E" being removed to shew the recesses in the
chill provided to admit the wrought iron bars.
In Fig. 1. a" represents the wrought bars, "b" the cast bars at the ends, “c”
the cast bar in the centre, which for small mats is not required. For extra large
mats two or more bars as "o" can be used.
Fig. 2 shows a plan of part of mat with corrugated bars. These bars could be
bent into any required shape and the cast iron could be continued round sides and
ends as shown, thus surrounding the wrought bars with the cast frame. Fig. 3
shows the chill consisting of two parts "d" being the bottom piece and "E" the
cover, the latter being secured to the former, when required by hook bolts "f" as
shewn or any other suitable means.
When the cover "E" is secured into its place, the recess "h" forms the mould
into which the molten cast iron is poured through the opening i. When the mats
are being made, in order to form a mat similar to Fig. 1 three of the chills as Fig.
would be fixed to a level plate or wrought iron frame. The two outer chills would
be similar to Fig. 3 the centre chill would have the slots "G" in both sides to
admit the wrought bars. The wrought bars being placed in position with the ends
projecting through the slots "G" into the recess "h" as shewn at Fig. 4 the
molten iron is poured into the three chills. The mat would thus be completed, and
it would then be removed from the chills, and the process repeated to produce
another mat. Of course the number of chills required, would depend upon the
quantity of cast cross bars, and the chills are made with various numbers of slots
depending upon the width of mat and the quantity of wrought iron bars.
.
When the cast iron is required to extend all round the wrought bars as in Fig. 2
the chills are prepared of suitable form.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The construction of Metallic Scraper Mats the wrought bars of which are
secured to the cast bars in the manner described.in the above specification.
2. The employment of chills to make Metallic Scraper Mats in the manner
described in the above specification.