IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edmund Shaw, of Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer, and George Hunter, of Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS."
Sealed the 3rd June 1873, and dated the 27th March 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edmund Shaw and
George Hunter at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 27th March 1873.
We, EDMUND SHAW, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer, and
GEORGE HUNTER, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS,”
to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in a simple mode of altering steam boilers
having internal flues, so as to render them more efficient. For this
purpose we convert the flues into steam chambers by closing their ends,
the steam being admitted into these steam chambers by means of a tube
or tubes which reach from the upper part of the steam dome. The
furnace should be under the boiler, and when the flues are carried up
behind the back plate we protect the ends of the steam chambers by

page_text: forming water spaces between the ends of the steam chambers and the
flues.
By the use of these steam chambers in boilers the steam space is
increased not only by the capacity of the steam chamber, but also by
the fact that the level of the water may be much lower than in ordinary 5
boilers, and the bulk of the water being much reduced in this way the
amount of fuel required will also be greatly reduced. We prefer to fix
a small chamber lower than the steam chambers, and connected to them
in such a manner that any water condensing in the steam chambers will
flow into this chamber, from which it may be blown off by means of a 1
blow-off cock.
In order to prevent water from being carried into the steam chambers
along with the steam we fix at the base of the steam dome and in any
other position where the water is likely to be drawn up with the steam
protecting ridges or flanges, so that when the water which creeps up the 1
sides of the boiler or tubes comes in contact with these ridges its further
progress upward is thereby arrested, and the position of the ridges is
such as to cause the water to descend again into the lower part of the
boiler.
In applying our Invention to marine boilers we prefer to arrange the
tubes which admit the steam to the internal steam chambers so as to
draw the steam from the extreme ends of the boiler, and we fix at the
ends of these tubes where the steam is admitted valves so arranged that
when the oscillation of the ship causes the water to flow towards one
end of the boiler the valve at that end will close the orifice of the tube, 2
and thus prevent the water from rushing into the internal steam
chamber, and at the same time the valve at the other end will be
fully open to the steam. Suitable float or ball valves of known con-
struction will effect this object.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 30
filed by the said Edmund Shaw and George Hunter in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 27th September 1873.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edmund Shaw and George Hunter in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 27th September 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDMUND
SHAW, of Leeds, in the County of York, and GEORGE HUNTER, of Leeds,
in the County of York, Engineer, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in
the thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Edmund Shaw and George
Hunter, Her special licence that we, the said Edmund Shaw and George
Hunter, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said Edmund Shaw and George Hunter, our executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Edmund Shaw and George
Hunter, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Edmund Shaw and George Hunter,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
=
Our Invention consists in a simple mode of altering steam boilers
having internal flues, so as to render them more efficient. For this
purpose we convert the flues into steam chambers by closing their ends,
the steam being admitted into these chambers by means of a tube or
tubes which reach from the upper part of the steam dome. The
furnace should be under the boiler, and when the flues are carried up.
behind the back plate we protect the ends of the steam chambers by
forming water spaces between the ends of the steam chambers and the
flues. We prefer to fix a small chamber lower than the steam chambers,
and connected to them in such a manner that any water condensing in
the steam chambers will flow into this chamber, from which it may be
blown off by means of a blow-off cock.
In order to prevent water from being carried into the steam chambera
along with the steam we fix at the base of the steam dome, and in any

page_text: other position where the water is likely to be drawn up with the steam,
projecting ridges or flanges, so that when the water which creeps up the
sides of the boiler or tubes comes in contact with these ridges its further
progress upward is thereby arrested, and the position of the ridges is
such as to cause the water to descend again into the lower part of the
boiler.
In the accompanying Drawing Figure 1 is a sectional view of a boiler,
with two internal steam chambers, shewing one manner of arranging it
according to our Invention; Figure 2 is a cross section of the same
boiler. The same letters refer to the same parts in both these Figures. 1
The flues converted into steam chambers are shewn at a, a¹, one of
which is shewn in section. The steam rises in the steam dome, and
then goes down the outer pipe b, the flanges c and d throwing back any
water which might otherwise be drawn up. The pipe 6 branches into
two, and communicates with the two steam chambers a, a¹.
The steam pipe e is carried up within the pipe b, and draws the steam
from the centre of the steam chambers, and in this way the steam is
obtained in a very dry and superheated condition. Any condensed water
forming in the steam chambers runs into the small chamber f, and may
be thrown off by the cock g. When the flues are carried round the back
of the boiler the water spaces h, h, prevent the end plates of the steam
chambers from being injured.
Figure 3 is a cross section of a smaller boiler having one internal steam
chamber.
Figure 4 is a sectional view of boiler similar to that shown in Figure 1, 1
but showing a different arrangement of pipes for admitting the steam to
and drawing it off from the internal steam chambers. Here, as before,
a, a¹, are the steam chambers. The steam rises in the steam dome, and
then goes down the pipe 6, the flanges c and d throwing back any water.
The pipe 6 branches into two, so as to convey the steam into both steam
chambers. The steam pipe e is arranged to draw the steam off from the
other end of the steam chambers.
Figure 5 shews the application of our Invention to an upright boiler.
a is the old flue converted into a steam chamber, to which the steam is
admitted from the dome by means of the pipe b, and c, c, is the steam :
pipe, whereby the steam is withdrawn from the steam chamber. The

page_text: flues would in this case be constructed round the outside of the boiler,
and would be constructed either of brickwork or iron.
By the use of these steam chambers in boilers the steam space is
increased, not only by the capacity of the steam chamber, but also by
the fact that the level of the water may be much lower than in ordinary
boilers, and the bulk of the water being much reduced in this way the
amount of fuel required will be also greatly reduced.
In applying our Invention to marine boilers, we prefer to arrange the
tubes which admit the steam to the internal steam chambers, so as to
draw the steam from the extreme ends of the boiler, and we fix at the
ends of these tubes where the steam is admitted valves so arranged that
when the oscillation of the ship causes the water to flow towards one end
of the boiler the valve at that end will close the orifice of the tube, and
thus prevent the water from rushing into the internal steam chamber,
and at the same time the valve at the other end will be fully open to the
steam. Suitable float or ball valves of known construction will effect
this object.
Figure 6 is a section of a boiler of this description. The pipes a, a¹,
are arranged to draw out the steam from the extreme ends of the boiler,
and are provided with the ball valves b, b¹, which are closed by the
action of the water.
In conjunction with our Invention we prefer to use the arrangement
of pipes a, a, shewn in Figure 7, through which the water is fed into the
boiler. This pipe passes through the flues of the boiler, so that the feed
water is heated before being admitted to the boiler. The pipe has two
branches, b and c, opening into the boiler, and it is furnished with the
two cocks e and f. The branch g leads to the supply pipe, and is
furnished with a check valve h. When the cock e is open and ƒ is shut
the water must travel the whole length of the pipe before being admitted
into the boiler, and thus gets heated in its course, and if the cocks e and
fare both open and h is shut the water is then caused to circulate.
For blowing off any accumulation of mud or dirt from the bottom of
the boiler we prefer to adopt the arrangement shewn in section in
Figure 8. A number of branches a, a¹, a³, a³, lead from the bottom of
the boiler into the pipe or chamber 6, and to this pipe or chamber the
pipe c is connected. This pipe is carried out to the front end of the
boiler, and is furnished with the blow-off cock d. By this means the

page_text: water may be blown off from a large surface, and deposit on the plates
may thereby be greatly prevented.
In witness whereof, we, the said Edmund Shaw and George Hunter,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-fifth day of
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred 5
and seventy-three.