Year: 1888

page_text: 1 ANDREAS GULBRANDSEN HOVDE of Hönefos in the Kingdom of Norway do
hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This invention has for its object a new and improved lamp-extinguisher, which is
at the same time absolutely safe and effective and also easy to fix to or arrange on any
kind of lamps.
The improved lamp-extinguisher hereinafter to be described belongs to the class of
lamp extinguishers where the flame is extinguished by means of a jet of air, blown
against it.
The invention more particularly refers to a peculiar and simple way of and means
for producing an instantaneous but powerful jet of air close to the flame or the surface
of the wick.
This peculiar means consists in an elastic and flexible diaphragm adapted to be
by pressure in one or the other direction, brought out of its shape so as to diminish or
increase the space behind the same and then immediately resume its original shape,
said space being connected with an outlet in the immediate neighbourhood of
the flame.
The above mentioned diaphragm, which may be made of any suitable material and
be shaped round or square or otherwise, and which forms an essential part of this
invention may be placed anywhere on or in the burner of the lamp, so that it may
conveniently be pressed on by a finger or indirectly by means of a lever attachment
be given the depression necessary to produce the air-jet.
Furthermore it is preferably given such a shape that when it is being pressed on, it
will at first make a great resistance against the depression, but then suddenly yield to
the pressure and with an instantaneous blow change its shape.
Referring to the drawing:
Figure 1 shows a dianbraom such as I prefer to make it in section.

page_text: Figure 2 shows the improved lamp-extinguisher as I prefer to arrange it in a
round burner.
Figure 3 shows the same in an ordinary flat burner.
Figure 4 is a modification.
The diaphragm as shown in the drawing is made of a thin metal plate, which is
hammered or otherwise worked, to assume an approximate part spherical surface.
When a diaphragm of such or similar shape is pressed on in the direction as
indicated by the arrow (figure 1) it will at first make great resistance against
depression but then it will suddenly bulge with great force and with a sound like a
blow assume the shape as indicated by the dotted line. It is this instantaneous move-
ment, which is utilised to produce a blow or shock to the air on the inner side of the
diaphragm, which blow on account of its suddenness is sufficient to throw a jet of
air out through a suitably formed outlet or nozzle with such an intensity, that the same
with never failing accuracy will extinguish the flame.
The lamp extinguisher has three distinguishing features viz.: the diaphragm, the
connecting conduit or pipe, that leads to the flame, and finally the nozzle. As I prefer
to make it, I partly utilize the wick-screws as conduit making the same hollow and
providing the diaphragm D in the head of the screws. The end of the screw enters
into the space from where leads a pipe k to the top of the burner. In figure 2,
representing a round burner, this pipe is arranged inside of the wick-tube or wick-
holder and above the opening of the pipe is mounted a little plate p so as to give the jet
the proper direction and intensity. This plate may also be fastened on the top of a
pin inserted in the pipe, said pin and plate will then ordinarily close the opening but
will be raised a little by the air, thereby giving the same passage out and directing
the same to the flame.
In figure 3, representing a flat burner, the pipo, that leads from the hollow wick-
screws to the flame, is laid on the side of the wick-tube; it may of course also be
mounted on the flat or broad side of the same, but as it is shown in the drawing it
gives very good results.
The nozzle is here only formed of a piece or plate p bent at about right angles to
the pipe.
Instead of utilising the wick-screw for conducting the jet to the flame, the diaphragm
may be mounted separately onto the end of a tube attached to said conduit as indicated
by dotted lines in figure 3, or the side of such conduit may be utilised as a diaphragm,
the diaphragm then having near its centro a knob or button projecting out through
the casing. In the round burner (figure 2) the diaphragm may also be placed in lieu
of the plate and the conduit and pipe k be connected thereto. This necessitates the
arrangement of a lever attachment underneath the same, the lever being pivoted at
one end touching the diaphragm in its centre and projecting out through the casing
with its other end. By pressing on this end of the lever in one or the other direction,
the diaphragm will receive a pull or push respectively. In all these cases the
diaphragm may be placed with its convex or concave side pointing outwards. If the
concave side points outwards, the depression in the same must be performed by a pull
(a knob being secured to the centre) and the shock or blow is given, the air when the
diaphragm resumes its normal position or shape.
A modification of the invention is shown in figure 4. In this instance the flexible
plate d is only fastened at its upper side, thereby forming a kind of spring which
when it is drawn outwardly and then let go will cause a vibration or compression in
the air column sufficient to extinguish the flame.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
First In a lamp extinguisher the employment and application for imparting a
shock or blow to an air column in a chamber so as to cause the exit of an instantaneous
jet of air in the neighbourhood of the flame, of a flexible diaphragm or lid to the
chamber and means for actuating such diaphragm substantially as set forth.

page_text: Second A lamp-extinguisher consisting of a flexible diaphragm or lid of the
forins described in combination with a channel or pipe and a mouthpiece at the other
end of the channel, which mouthpiece conducts the air in the right direction to the
flame substantially as set forth.
Third-In a lamp, the arrangement of a hollow wick-screws in the head of which
is arranged a diaphragm D and which is in connection with the mouthpiece for directing
the air jet onto the flame substantially as set forth.
Fourth-In an extinguisher of the construction described the deflecting plate p
for the purpose set forth.
Fifth The flame extinguisher constructions shown on the drawing.
ANDREAS GULBRANDSEN HOVDE.
By Jensen & Son,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.