IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EXHAUSTING, LIFTING, FORCING, OR MEASURING FLUIDS.
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Houston Stewart Stewart, of Palace Chambers, St. Stephen's,
in the City of Westminster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR EXHAUSTING, LIFTING, FORCING, OR MEASURING FLUIDS.".
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Houston Stewart Stewart at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th June 1880.
HOUSTON STEWART STEWART, of Palace Chambers, St. Stephen's, in the City
of Westminster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EXHAUSTING, LIFTING
FORCING, OR MEASURING FLUIDS.
This Invention has for its object the construction of apparatus for exhausting,
lifting, forcing, or measuring fluids in a more simple and consequently more
economical manner than has hitherto generally been the case.
The Invention consists of a cylindrical metal chamber, shell, or case fitted with
metallic ends or covers. Within this chamber, and passing through its centre or
axis, is a shaft capable of revolving in bearings through the said ends or covers,
with or without stuffing boxes fitted thereto, the axis of the shaft being concentric
with that of the cylinder, chamber, or case. The portion of the shaft within the
chamber passes through two revolving vanes, one of which is fastened thereto and
revolves with it, whereas the other revolves round it. These vanes, which have a
radius corresponding to that of the cylinder, less the clearance necessary to admit of
motion, are made somewhat of the form of a single hinge, each having a barrel
extending along half its length, and bored out to receive the shaft or spindle. One
of the vanes is secured to the spindle and revolves with it, while the other is free
to revolve on the spindle. The barrel of this latter is extended beyond the flap of
the vane and carried through the closed end of the cylinder or chamber. On to the
end of this barrel so extended a cog wheel is attached, and a similar cog wheel is
also attached to the spindle at such a point that the two wheels work side by side.
Motion given to one of these wheels. causes_one of the vanes to revolve, and the
motion of the other wheel revolves the remaining vane. Gearing into these two
[Prins Gdı

page_text: wheels is a larger spur wheel of sufficient width across the face to correspond with
the width of the two smaller wheels together. This spur wheel has on one half of
its periphery teeth extending half way across its face, and on the other half of its
periphery teeth across the other half of its face. Thus when notion is given to the
spur wheel during half a revolution it drives one, and during the remaining half
the other of the two smaller wheels. In this way the two vanes within the
cylinder are alternately caused to revolve. A suitable arrangement is also provided
in connection with the gearing outside, by which each vane alternately, when not
being caused to revolve, is locked or fixed in a position between the usual outlet
and inlet orifices of the chamber,. while the rotary motion of the other vane thus
draws in at one orifice and expels at the other the fluid acted upon.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Houston Stewart Stewart in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 23rd December 1880.
HOUSTON STEWART STEWART, of Palace Chambers, St. Stephen's, in the City
of Westminster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EXHAUSTING, LIFTING,
FORCING, OR MEASURING FLUIDS."
This Invention has for its object the construction of apparatus in a more simple
and consequently more economical manner than has hitherto generally been the
case, for exhausting, lifting, forcing, or measuring fluids.
The Invention consists of a cylindrical metal chamber, shell, or case fitted with
metallic ends or covers. Within this chamber, and passing through its centre or
axis, is a shaft capable of revolving in bearings through the said ends or covers,
with or without stuffing boxes fitted thereto, the axis of the shaft being concentric
with that of the cylinder, chamber, or case. The portion of the shaft within the
chamber passes through two revolving vanes, one of which is fastened thereto and
revolves with it, whereas the other revolves round it. These vanes, which have a
radius corresponding to that of the cylinder, less the clearance necessary to admit
of motion, are made somewhat of the form of a single hinge, each having a barrel
extending along half its length bored out to receive the shaft or spindle. One of
the vanes is secured to the spindle and revolves with it, while the other is free to
revolve on the spindle. The barrel of this latter is extended beyond the flap of
the vane, and carried through the closed end of the cylinder or chamber.
On the end of this barrel so extended a cog wheel or pinion is attached, and a
similar cog wheel or pinion is also attached to the spindle at such a point that the
two wheels work side by side.
Motion given to one of these wheels causes one of the vanes to revolve, and the
motion of the other wheel revolves the remaining vane. Gearing into these two
wheels is a larger spur wheel of sufficient width across the face to correspond with
the width of the two smaller wheels together. This spur wheel has on one half of
its periphery teeth extending half way across its face, and on the other half of its
periphery teeth across the other half of its face. Thus when motion is given to the
spur wheel during half a revolution it drives one, and during the remaining half
the other of the two sinaller wheels or pinions. In this way the two vanes within
the cylinder are alternately caused to revolve.
A suitable arrangement is also provided in connection with the gearing, by which
each vane alternately, when not being caused to revolve, is locked or fixed in a
position between the usual inlet and outlet orifices of tho chamber, while tho
rotary motion of the other vane thus draws in at one orifice and expels at the other
the fluid acted upon.
In order that the foregoing may be more easily understood, Drawing are
attached hereto, of which the following is a description -Fig. 1 is a side elevation
of the apparatus; Fig. 2, a plan; Fig. 3, a sectional elevation through A, B, Fig. 1,
with part of the cover removed; Fig. 4, an elevation of one of the vanes and part
of the other; and Fig. 5, a transverse section of one of the vanes and a part of the
other, but drawn to a larger scale. In Fig. 1, C is the shell or case; D is the hollow
spindle or barrel attached to one of the vanes, and E is a smaller solid spindle which
passes through D, and is fastened to the other vane, as shown in Fig. 4. F and G
are two toothed pinions, F being keyed to the hollow spindle D, and G to the
maller solid spindle E; H is the larger toothed wheel, having teeth on one half of
te periphery extending half way across its face, and on the other half of its
periphery teeth across the other half of its face. In practise this wheel may be
cast as two distinct and separate wheels, each of them with teeth on half of its

page_text: circumference, and then be bolted together so as to make one complete and compact
wheel of the form just described. I and J are two locking plates, one attached to
cach side of the wheel H in tho position and manner shown, and of the shape
exhibited in the Drawing. K and L are two small wheels or rollers, one being
attached to the pinion F and the other to the pinion G. M is the shaft to which
the wheel H is fixed, and N is a driving pulley, O being a standard for supporting
the shaft M and spindle E; P, P, are stufling boxes; Q is the inlet for the fluid,
and R the outlet, while S is the inlet port to the cylindrical case in which the
vanes T and U rovolve, and V the outlet port leading to R; W, W, are shoes
attached to the extremity of each vane, the space X, seen in Fig. 5, being fitted with
either india rubber or springs. The number of teeth on each of the pinions shown
in the Drawing is twenty, and the number of teeth upon each half of the wheel H
is eighteen, but the wheels need not necessarily have this exact number of teeth. In
each of the Figs. similar letters refer to the same parts.
It will be seen that when motion is imparted to the wheel II by any suitable
power, through the intervention of the pulley N, it will cause the pinion G to
revolve and carry the vane with it till it attains the position of T in Fig. 3, when
the plate J will be brought into contact with the roller L, and stop the further
revolution of that vane, until the other half of tho wheel H has completed its
revolution and caused the pinion F to carry the vane U round to the point Y,
when T will be released and caused to revolve by the continued movement of the
wheel H.
When the apparatus is engaged in exhausting, lifting, forcing, or measuring, the
water or other fluid will be drawn from the inlet Q, will flow in the direction of
the arrows, and be ejected at the outlet R.
It will be readily understood that if an index be attached to the spindle E,
the apparatus will form a very effecient measurer of the liquid. or fluid passed
through it.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of this Invention,
and the manner in which the samne is or may be used or carried into effect, I would
observe, in conclusion, that I do not confine or restrict myself to the precise details
or arrangements which I have described or referred to, as variations may be made
therefrom without deviating from the principles or main features of this Invention,
but what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to me by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,—
Firstly. The vanes T and U, with the hollow barrel D, and spindle E, as herein
described and shown on the Drawings.
Secondly. The wheel H, with the locking plates I and J, as herein described and
shown on the Drawings.
Thirdly. The combination of the wheel H with the pinions F and G, together
with the rollers K and L, as herein described and shown on the Drawings.
Fourthly. The general arrangement of the apparatus as herein described and
shown on the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Houston Stewart Stewart, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty second day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
HOUSTON STEWART STEWART. (LS.)