IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FILTERING AND PURIFYING WATER to bo as follows
Year: 1884

page_text: I, DONALD NICOLL of Buckingham Street Strand in the city of Westminster,
Parliamentary Agent, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FILTERING AND PURIFYING WATER to bo
as follows:
دو
According to my present invention, I construct apparatus for filtering and
purifying water as follows:
A tank having a discharge pipe at or near the bottom of one of its sides is
provided inside, in front of the discharge opening, (which is covered by a perforated
metal shield) with two vertical partitions of finely perforated metal or fine wire
gauze so as to form two compartments. In the one compartment I place sand, grit,
sharp gravel or other suitable filtering substance and in the other compartment
animal or vegetable charcoal, or a mixture thereof, so that the water contained in
the other part of the tank has to pass through both layers of filtering and purifying
materials before escaping through the discharge pipe. The said partitions are
arranged to slide in and out of grooves formed in sides of the tank, so that when
the layers of filtering material have become charged with impurities, they can be
removed and replaced by layers of fresh material.
By preference I arrange two such filtering tanks side by side and I connect their
water spaces by a pipe provided with a stop-cock, which is left open when both
tanks are in use, so that the water can flow from the one into the other, but which
is closed when the one or the other tank requires to be cleansed. The tanks are
provided with overflow pipes, at such a height as to prevent the inflowing water
from rising above the level of the tops of the filtering compartments.
By preference I construct such tanks with a double bottom, the space beneath
which communicates with the compartiments containing the filtering materials by
means of a perforated plate, so that the water passing through the said compart-
ments finds its way into the said space which thus forms a reservoir of filtered
water from which the supply is drawn by a tap or conduit pipe, when required.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant,
28, Southampton Buildings
London, W.C.

page_text: I, DONALD NICOLL of Buckingham Street Strand in the City of Westminster,
Parliamentary Agent, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FILTERING AND PURIFYING WATER" and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
According to my present invention, I construct apparatus for filtering and
purifying water as follows:-
:-
A tank having a discharge pipe at or near the bottom of one of its sides, is
provided inside in front of the discharge opening (which is covered by a perforated
metal shield with two or more vertical partitions of finely perforated metal or fine
wire gauze so as to form two or more compartments. In one or more compart-
ments I place sand, grip, sharp gravel or other suitable filtering substance and in
the other compartment or compartments, animal or vegetable charcoal or a mixture
thereof or other suitable filtering substance so that the water contained in the
other part of the tank has to pass through these layers of filtering and purifying
materials before escaping through the discharge pipe. The said partitions are
arranged to slide in and out of grooves formed in sides of the tank, so that when
the layers of filtering material have become charged with impurities, they can be
removed and replaced by layers of fresh material.
By preference, I arrange two such filtering tanks side by side and I connect
their water spaces by a pipe provided with a stop-cock, which is left open when
both tanks are in use, so that the water can flow from the one into the other, but
which is closed when the one or the other tank requires to be cleansed. The tanks
are provided with overflow pipes, at such a height as to prevent the inflowing
water from rising above the level of the tops of the filtering compartments.
By preference I construct such tanks with a double bottom, the space beneath
which communicates with the compartment containing the filtering materials by
means of a perforated plate, so that the water passing through the said compart-
ments finds its way into the said space, which thus forms a reservoir of filtered
water from which the supply is drawn by a tap or conduit pipe when required.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings shews a perspective view of a filtering
cistern constructed according to my above described invention; fig 2 shews a plan
of the same to a larger scale. On the sides of the front part of the cistern are
formed two sets of grooves A A, into which are slid partitions BB of finely
perforated metal or fine wire gauze, thus forming two compartments C and D, the
first of which is filled by preference with sharp grit, while the second is filled with
granulated animal charcoal. The cock E communicates either directly with the
compartment D, so that any water drawn off from the cistern will first have to
pass through the filling of the two compartments and thus be effectually filtered;
pr, as before stated, there may be a double bottom to the cistern, the space below
which communicates with the compartments C and D, so as to form a store of
filtered water, which is drawn off by the cock E. The overflow pipe K has its
orifice at such a height as to prevent the water level from rising above the tops of
the compartments CD.

page_text: If desired, a receptacle F may be provided round the bottom of the filter for
containing ice or other cooling medium in summer, but this arrangement forms no
part of my present invention.
Fig. 3 shews the before described arrangement of twin cisterns, G and H, both
connected to the same service pipe I and to the same supply pipe J, cocks I¹ and J'
being provided so that either cistern can be cut off when it requires to be cleansed
and replenished with filtering materials.
Having now particulary described and ascertained the nature of my
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1, Constructing water cisterns or tanks with two or more vertical partitions so
arranged as to form two or more compartments that are filled with filtering or
purifying media, through which the water has to pass before issuing through the
supply pipe or cock, substantially as herein described.
2, In combination with a water-cistern or tank, the use of two or more remove-
able screens or perforated or wire gauze partitions B B forming compartments
such as C and D that are filled with filtering or purifying media, substantially as
herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
3, The arrangement of twin cisterns, herein described with reference to fig. 3 of
the drawings.