Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Oct., 1887
Complete Left, 30th Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 3rd Feb., 1888
I FRANK EDGAR ALDRICH of Newton, County of Middlesex in the State of Massa-
chusetts one of the United States of America and of 56 Chancery Lane in the County
of Middlesex, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
-
This invention has for its object to simplify and improve the construction of vertical
looms, or those in which the warp is held in substantially vertical position, that class
of loom requiring less floor space than a loom of like capacity wherein the warp is
held horizontally.
In this, my invention, I have planned to enable the operative parts to occupy the
least possible floor space.
My invention includes improvements in the mechanism for moving the harnesses to
form the sheds, picking mechanism, and means for stopping the loom when for any
reason the shuttle fails to properly enter its box, as will be described.
Under the first head of my invention 1 have provided rollers to which are attached
both ends of usual thread harnesses, the said harnesses being moved in the formation
of sheds by winding them from one to another roller, these rollers being partially
rotated in one and then in an opposite direction as will be described.
Under the second head of my invention the shuttle-boxes rise and fall with the reed
which beats the filling into the shed, the picking-stick rising and falling in unison
with the lay, the picking-stick being actuated at the proper time by parallel motion
mechanism to be described.
Under the third head of my invention the vertically moving lay-beam has a dagger
which is free to enter a hole in the breast-beam when the shuttle reaches and properly
enters the box, but in case the shuttle fails to enter its box the binder of the box not

page_text: entered correctly by the shuttle operates a trigger which engages the shipper-rod, the
latter operating through an elbow or other suitable lever a stop plate which closes the
opening referred to in the breast-beam, and forms a positive stop for the lay thus
effectually obviating the liability which might otherwise exist of breaking out the
warps by the presence of the shuttle in the shed.
My invention consists in the combination in a loom of the following instrumentalities,
viz. :- a warp-beam, a breast-beam, a crank-shaft, connecting-rods, a vertically
reciprocating lay, guides to control its movements in a straight line, the reed and
shuttle-boxes, a bracket depending from the lay, a picker-stick, and means for
actuating the same, the stick and its actuating means rising and falling with the lay.
Also in a loom a breast-beam provided with a dagger receiving opening, a stop-rod
having a stop-plate, a crank-shaft, connecting rods, and lay actuated thereby and
provided with shuttle-boxes, a dagger attached to the lay, binders in the shuttle-boxes,
means to connect them, a trigger, and a shipper-lever, and its holder, combined with
means intermediate the stop-rod and the shipper-lever to effect the release of the
shipper-lever and place the stop-plate in position to arrest the dagger when a shuttle
fails to properly enter a shuttle-box.
Also in a loom a warp-beam, breast-beam, crank-shaft, connecting-rods and lay,
combined with two sets or pairs of rollers to which the ends of the heddles composing
the harnesses are directly connected, and with means to operate the said rolls to wind
and unwind the heddles of the said harnesses from one to the other roll of the rolls to
which they are attached, to effect the formation of the sheds.
Also in a loom two sets of harnesses, the two sets of rolls to which they are
attached, and means to connect the said rolls whereby they are rotated at the same
time in the formation of a shed in the warp, combined with a toothed plate or jack,
and with means to reciprocate the said plate or jack.
Also in a loom the combination with a roll forming one of the rolls effective in the
movement of the harnesses, an attached gear or pinion, a toothed plate and an attached
link and gear of a gear and crank and lay to move it.
Also in a loom a lay having attached shuttle-boxes, depending brackets, means to
move the lay vertically, guides to direct the lay in a straight line, and picker-sticks
connected to the brackets by a slot and pin connection, combined with a radius-bar to
connect the picker-sticks to the lay and with pulling-rods and means co-operating
therewith whereby the picker-stick is actuated to throw the shuttle while the lay is
descending.
Also in a loom a lay its attached shuttle-boxes, means to move the lay, a dagger
attached to the lay, a shipper-lever, its holder, a knocking-off plate, a shipper-rod having
a notch, means to connect it to the said knocking-off plate, a breast-beam provided
with a hole, a stop-rod having a stop-plate to cover the said hole, and an elbow lever
to connect the said stop-rod and shipper-rod, combined with a trigger made movable
with the lay, shuttle-binders, and means actuated by them to move the said trigger
whereby the failure of the shuttle to properly enter the shuttle-box toward which it is
approaching will move the trigger and place it in position to release the shipper-lever
and stop the loom.
Also in a loom two crank-shafts and friction pulleys attached to them, and a shaft
having a pinion and gear carried thereby to co-operate with the two friction pulleys
secured to the said crank shafts, combined with two shipper-levers to operate the said
discs or plates and effect the driving of one or both the said crank-shafts.
The loom has an upwardly extended frame-work, for illustration say I describe a
double loom, it has two breast-beams and suitable bearings for the working parts
including the crank shafts, the warp-beam and take-up roll which is a sanded or other
rough coated roll.
The working parts of the two looms are alike, so I need describe specifically but
one of them.
The power to operate the loom is applied to the belt pulley, mounted on a stud,
the said pulley driving with it a pinion which may directly engage two toothed gears
each fast upon a sleeve, each sleeve surrounding loosely one of the crank-shafts."

page_text: Each crank-shaft may be arranged so that it has its outer end beyond the toothed
gear, steadied by an upright forming part of a bracket bolted to the loom side.
Each crank-shaft has fast upon it a conical faced friction pulley, and co-operating
with it is a somewhat cone-shaped disc or plate forming part of a hub provided with an
annular groove, and splined to the sleeve so as to be rotated with it yet slide thereon
under the action of a shipper-lever, pivoted, the crank-shafts being rotated only when
the two parts, of the friction clutches are forced together, the upper end of the shipper-
lever at such time resting in a notch of the handle holding plate.
Each friction clutch part on each crank shaft is under the control of a like shipper-
lever, and by the said lever the clutch part operated by it may be made to engage
or not the co-operating part of the clutch fast on the crank-shaft, so either crank
shaft may if desired be stopped or rendered inoperative while the other operates.
The handle holding plate, one for each half of the double loom has pivoted upon
it at one side of the said lever, a knocking-off plate which by a link is attached to
an elbow lever, the short arm of which is pivoted to the lower end of the shipper
rod provided with a catch, the upper end of the said shipper-rod being pivoted to an
elbow lever having its pivot on a stand bolted to the frame-work.
This lever has jointed to its long arm one end of the stop-rod having a broad
end, the said stop-rod being free to be moved in a suitable guide.
When the loom is in regular operation, the broad end of the stop rod does not
cover the open space or hole in the breast beam, and the dagger attached to the lay
is free to enter the said hole as the lay is raised by the usual connecting rods.
The lay has at its inner side at bottom and top projecting ears, which embrace
and slide upon a rod fixed in suitable ears or lugs.
Whenever a shuttle properly enters its shuttle-box it pushes the binder in either
box and moves the trigger outward, far enough to permit the trigger as the lay
rises, to pass the catch on the shipper-rod, but should the shuttle not enter its box
properly the trigger will remain in a certain position and as the lay rises the said
trigger will strike the catch and lift the shipper-rod to operate the lever or shipper
rod and turn the lever to knock the shipper-lever out of its holding notch, also to
turn the elbow lever to pull the stop-rod far enough to close the opening in the
breast-beam so that the dagger may strike it and form a positive stop for the loom,
the dagger striking the stop-plate just after the friction between the two parts of the
clutch has been released.
The binder in the shuttle box, acted upon at its rear side by a suitable spring and
having a stop for its free end, has a slot in which enters a pin of a lever pivoted on
the lay the said lever being connected by a link to a lever pivoted to the lay near or
at the opposite side of the loom, the said lever having connected to it the trigger.
The said lever has a pin which extends down through a suitable slot in the top of
the shuttle-box, and enters a slot in the binder under it."
Instead of driving both the toothed gears by one and the same pinion I may use
one intermediate gear of the same character between it and the one of the said
toothed wheels, in order that the two crank shafts may be rotated in opposite directions
rather than both in the same direction, as provided for.
The means for operating the trigger or the stop-rod may be effected by equivalent
means.
The one harness is attached at its opposite edges by a wire or in other suitable
manner to the two cylinders or rollers the other harness being attached to other
cylinders or rolls, each heddle employed in the harnesses having an eye for the
reception of one of the warp threads taken from the warp-beam, the said warp
threads after passing under the whip-roll having between them usual lease-rods before
being passed through the eyes of the heddles, the warp threads being led between the
dents of the reed to the take-up roll, and the receiving roll, the warp prior to its
arrival at the roll receiving between it the filling and being made into cloth.
One pair of rolls are connected together by a strap or cord another pair of rolls
by another strap or cord, and another pair of rolls by another strap or cord, the said
straps or cords so connecting the said rolls that when one of them is rotated once or

page_text: nearly so in one direction, it will cause all the other rolls to be rotated for a like
distance, the reversal of the rotation of the said rolls reversing all the others with it,
the straps being so connected to the rolls that when the one harness is being moved
by the appropriate rolls to which it is attached the other harness attached to the
outer rolls will be moved in the opposite direction to enable the shed to be formed for
the passage of the shuttle.
The heddles employed to make up certain of the harnesses are connected at their
ends directly to the roils upon which they are wound alternately in the act of
separating the warps to form sheds for the passage of the shuttle, the direct connec
tion of the heddles to the rolls, instead of by means of straps and bars, as usual,
enabling the heddles to be moved more steadily and uniformly and without side strain
or vibration, and so also, attaching the heddles directly to the rolls, as stated, enables
me to materially lessen the space required from front to back of the loom.
The journals of the shafts carrying the rolls are mounted in brackets connected
with the loom side.
Herein the shaft of the roller the second member of the first named pair, is
provided with a pinion which is engaged by a toothed plate either a wheel or a
segment thereof, on a suitable stud and of such radius that it, by a motion of
reciprocation about its pivot, may rotate the said pinion once or substantially once in
one direction and then reverse its movement for a like distance.
The said toothed plate may derive its motion from a link pivoted to it and to a
progressively but intermittingly toothed gear having a radius less than the said
plate, and mounted to be rotated on a stud fast to the frame-work, the said gear being
engaged and rotated by a pinion always rotated in one direction but intermittingly
and mounted on a stud also secured to the frame-work, the said pinion having an
attached slotted crank receiving a pin or stud attached to one connecting rod of the lay,
said connecting rods in their movement effecting by the said pin the intermitting
rotation of the crank and one gear, the other gear and the devices actuated by it to
move the harnesses to form the shed being so proportioned and actuated that the shed
remains open and at rest long enough for the passage of the shuttle, the shed being
formed on the first quarter of the movement of the crank-shaft the lay then descending
and with it the shuttle-boxes, the picking being commenced during the downward
motion of the lay and being finished, or substantially so, while the latter is in about its
lowest position.
The toothed plate is provided with a slot to enable the position of the link to be
changed to obtain more or less motion for the said plate and consequently make the
shed wider or narrower.
Each shuttle-box, connected rigidly to the lay, has depending from it a bracket
provided at its lower end with a pin or stud which constitutes a variable fulcrum for the
lower end of the picker-stick.
To give to the picker appropriate movement I have attached to the picker-stick, at
its rear edge, a holder, and between it and the said picker-stick one end of the
pulling-rod having a hook, the said holder also serving to loosely connect to the
picker-stick the radius-bar made as a loop or bail, adjustably pivoted to the block
attached to the lay, the upper ends of the said radius-bar being bent or hooked, to enter
holes in the said block, the attachment of the said radius-bar to the picker-stick
being between the lay and the point of attachment of the said pulling rod to the said
stick.
The frame-work of the loom has attached to it, at each side, one of a pair of brackets
to each being attached a part provided with a roller stud.
The pulling-rod is composed of a loop-like piece which embraces the picker-stick
and has its free ends attached to a block in which is secured by screw to the shank of
the portion baving the hook.
The pulling-rod is normally held toward the loom frame by a suitable spring, so
that as the lay is descending this hook catches upon the roll and stopping the
pulling-rod causes the picker-stick to be moved from the outer end of the shuttle-box
toward its inner end the picker at such time throwing the shuttle, the radius-bar

page_text: swinging on the block the resultant motion given to the picker carried by a picker-stick
supported as described, and actuated by the pulling-rod being substantially what is
called a parallel motion, in other words the picker-stick does not swing about a single
point as for instance the pivot, but by means of the devices described and the slot at
its lower end the picker travels in substantially a straight line, the adjustment of the
upper end of the radius-bar in the holes of the block enabling the blow of the picker
to be delivered with the precision desired, to give to the shuttle its proper course
across the loom.
As the picker-stick completes its stroke during the downward movement of the lay,
the pulling-rod, at a point just below the hook meets an inclined surface or projection
of the bracket, and prying over it causes the hook to slip from the said roll releasing
the picker-stick so that it is free to drop in its backward position meeting the picker-
check.
The take-up roller has upon its shaft at one end a toothed gear which is engaged by
a pinion fast at one side of a larger pinion which in turn is engaged by a small pinion
fast to one side of a ratchet wheel mounted on a stud in a bracket erected upon the
frame-work, the said ratchet wheel being actuated intermittingly by a pawl carried by
a lever suitably pivoted the long arm of the said pawl carrying a lever being acted
upon by ears connected to and imoving with the lay.
Dated the 18th day of October 1887.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: -
Improvements in Looms for Weaving.
A communication from abroad by MILLARD F. FIELD, of Chelsea, in the State of
Massachusetts, one of the United States of America.
I FRANK EDGAR ALDRICH of Newton, County of Middlesex in the State of
Massachusetts one of the United States of America and of 56 Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object to simplify and improve the construction of vertical
looms, or those in which the warp is held in substantially vertical position, that class
of loom requiring less floor space than a loom of like capacity wherein the warp is
held horizontally.
In this, my invention, I have planned to enable the operative parts to occupy the
least possible floor space.
My invention includes improvements in the mechanism for moving the harnesses to
form the sheds, picking mechanism, and means for stopping the loom when for any
reason the shuttle fails to properly enter its box, as will be described.
Under the first head of my invention I have provided rollers to which are attached
both ends of usual thread harnesses, the said harnesses being moved in the formation
of sheds by winding them from one to another roller, these rollers being partially
rotated in one and then in an opposite direction as will be described.
Under the second head of my invention the shuttle-boxes rise and fall with the reed
which beats the filling into the shed, the picking stick rising and falling in unison
with the lay, the picking-stick being actuated at the proper time by parallel motion
mechanism to be described.
Under the third head of my invention the vertically moving lay-beam has a dagger
which is free to enter a hole in the breast-beam when the shuttle reaches and properly
enters the box, but in case the shuttle fails to enter its box the binder of the box not
entered correctly by the shuttle operates a trigger which engages the shipper-rod, the
latter operating through an elbow or other suitable lever a stop plate which closes
the opening referred to in the breast-beam, and forms a positive stop for the lay thus
effectually obviating the liability which might otherwise exist of breaking out the
warps by the presence of the shuttle in the shed.
My invention consists in the combination in a loom of the following instru-
mentalities, viz. :-a warp-beam, a breast-beam, a crank-shaft, connecting-rods, a
vertically reciprocating lay, guides to control its movements in a straight line, the
reed and shuttle boxes, a bracket depending from the lay, a picker-stick, and means
for actuating the same, the stick and its actuating means rising and falling with the
lay, substantially as will be described.

page_text: Also in a loom a breast-beam provided with a dagger receiving opening, a stop-rod
having a stop-plate, a crank-shaft, connecting rods, and lay actuated thereby and
provided with shuttle-boxes, a dagger attached to the lay, binders in the shuttle-boxes,
means to connect them, a trigger, and a shipper-lever, and its holder, combined with
means intermediate the stop-rod and the shipper-lever to effect the release of the
shipper-lever and place the stop-plate in position to arrest the dagger when a shuttle
fails to properly enter a shuttle-box.
Also in a loom a warp-beam, breast-beam, crank-shaft, connecting-rods and lay,
combined with two sets or pairs of rollers to which the ends of the heddles composing
the harnesses are directly connected, and with means to operate the said rolls to wind
and unwind the heddles of the said harnesses from one to the other roll of the rolls to
which they are attached, to effect the formation of the sheds.
Also in a loom two sets of harnesses, the two sets of rolls to which they are attached,
and means to connect the said rolls whereby they are rotated at the same time in the
formation of a shed in the warp, combined with a toothed plate or jack, and with
means to reciprocate the said plate or jack.
Also in a loom the combination with a roll forming one of the rolls effective in the
movement of the harnesses, an attached gear c¹³, a plate d and an attached link and
gear of a gear and crank and lay to move it, substantially as will be described.
Also in a loom a lay having attached shuttle-boxes, depending brackets, means to
move the lay vertically, guides to direct the lay in a straight line, and picker-sticks
connected to the brackets by a slot and pin connection, combined with a radius-bar
to connect the picker-sticks to the lay and with pulling-rods and means co-operating
therewith whereby the picker-stick is actuated to throw the shuttle while the lay is
descending.
Also in a loom a lay, its attached shuttle-boxes, means to move the lay, a dagger
attached to the lay, a shipper-lever, its holder, a knocking-off plate, a shipper-rod
having a notch, means to connect it to the said knocking-off plate, a breast-beam
provided with a hole a", a stop-rod having a stop-plate to cover the said hole, and an
elbow lever to connect the said stop-rod and shipper-rod, combined with a trigger
made movable with the lay, shuttle-binders, and means actuated by them to move the
said trigger whereby the failure of the shuttle to properly enter the shuttle-box
toward which it is approaching will move the trigger and place it in position to release
the shipper-lever and stop the loom.
Also in a loom two crank-shafts and friction pulleys attached to them, and a shaft A³
having a pinion and gear carried thereby to co-operate with the two friction pulleys
secured to the said crank shafts, combined with two shipper-levers to operate the
said disks or plates and effect the driving of one or both the said crank-shafts.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a loom embodying my improvements, the central
part of the loom being broken out to save space on the drawings.
Figure 2 a right hand elevation of Figure 1, parts at the opposite end of the loom
and duplicates of those shown in Figure 1 being omitted to avoid confusion of the
drawings.
Figure 3 a vertical section of Figure 1 in the line 2-.
Figure 4 is a top view of the lay, the shuttle boxes and the reed all attached and to
be moved together, the shuttle-box at the right of the Figure being broken out to
expose the binder.
Figure 5 is a partial elevation of the front of the loom, the Figure showing part
of the breast-beam and the lay, and intermediate devices to actuate the stop attached
to the breast-beam.
Figure 6 is a detail of the under side of the breast-beam and the stop.
Figures 7 and 8 are details of the harnesses and the rolls to which they are
attached.
The upwardly extended framework A, herein shown as adapted for a double loom,
has two breast-beams A' and suitable bearings for the working parts including the
crank shafts A2, A3, the warp-beam B and take-up roll C which is a sanded or other
rough coated roll.

page_text: The working parts of the two looms are alike, so I need describe specifically but
one of them, using like letters for all the parts except the crank-shafts.
The power to operate the loom is applied to the belt pulley A*, mounted on a
stud A, the said pulley driving with it a pinion A, which as herein shown directly
engages two toothed gears A each fast upon a sleeve As, each sleeve surrounding
loosely one of the crank-shafts A³, A³.
Each crank-shaft as herein shown, has its outer end beyond the toothed gear A',
steadied by an upright A forming part of a bracket bolted to the loom side.
Each crank-shaft has fast upon it a conical faced friction pulley D, and co-operating
with it is a somewhat cone-shaped disc or plate D¹ forming part of a hub D² provided
with an annular groove 22, see Figure 1 and splined to the sleeve A so as to be
rotated with it yet slide thereon under the action of a shipper-lever D³, pivoted at D',
the crank-shafts being rotated only when the two parts D, D', of the friction clutches
are forced together, the upper end of the shipper-lever at suci. time resting in a notch
of the handle holding plate D. of usual construction.
Herein, see Figure 2, it will be noticed that each friction clutch part D' on each
crank shaft is under the control of a like shipper-lever D³, and by the said lever the
clutch part D operated by it may be made to engage or not the co-operating part D
of the clutch fast on the crank shaft, so either crank shaft may if desired be stopped
or rendered inoperative while the other operates.
The plate D, one for each half of the double loom has pivoted upon it at one side
of the said lever D³, a knocking-off plate a which by a link a', see Figure 2, is
attached to an elbow lever a², the short arm of which is pivoted to the lower end of
the shipper-rod a³ provided with a catch a', the upper end of the said shipper-rod
being pivoted to an elbow lever a³ having its pivot a on a stand a', bolted to the
framework.
This lever a has jointed to its long arm one end of the stop-rod as having a broad
end a³, see Figures and 6, the said stop-rod being free to be moved in a guide a¹º,
attached to the underside of the breast-beam A¹.
When the loom is in regular operation, the broad end a of the stop-rod does not
cover the open space or hole a¹³ in the breast-beam, and the dagger b attached to the
lay E is free to enter the said hole as the lay is raised by the usual connecting
rods b¹, b¹
The lay has at its inner side at bottom and top projecting ears 6 and 7, which
embrace and slide upon a rod 8 fixed in ears or lugs 9 attached to the loom side, see
Figure 3.
Whenever a shuttle properly enters its shuttle-box e or e¹, it pushes the binder e³,
there being a like binder in each box and moves the trigger es, as will be described,
outward in the direction of the arrow Figure 4, far enough to permit the trigger as
the lay rises to pass the catch a* on the shipper-rod a³, but should the shuttle not
enter its box properly the trigger will remain in the position Figure 4, and as the
lay rises the said trigger will strike the catch a and lift the shipper-rod causing
it not only to operate the lever a³ and turn the lever a, to knock the shipper-lever D³
out of its holding notch, but also to turn the lever as to pull the stop-rod as in the
direction of the arrow near it in Figure 5, far enough to close the opening a in
the breast-beam so that the dagger b may strike it and form a positive stop for the loom,
the dagger striking the stop-plate a³ just after the friction between the two parts D, D¹,
of the clutch has been released.
The binder e, in the box e¹, acted upon at its rear side by a suitable spring and
having a stop for its free end, has a slot in which enters a pin 6 of a lever b
pivoted at on the lay E, the said lever being connected by a link b' to a lever 68
pivoted at 6 to the lay near or at the opposite side of the loom, the said lever bª having
connected to it the trigger e³.
The lever 68 has a pin 610 which extends down through a suitable slot in the top of
the shuttle-box, and enters a slot in the binder under it, but not shewn, the said
binder and its slot being however like the binder shown at the right of Figure 4.
Instead of driving both the toothed gears A' by one and the same pinion I may

page_text: use one intermediate gear of the same character between it and the one of the said
toothed wheels, in order that the two crank-shafts may be rotated in opposite directions
rather than both in the same direction as provided for in Figure 2, such modification
being readily perceptible to any mechanic."
I do not desire to limit my invention to the exact means shown for operating the
trigger or the stop-rod a but may use instead any equivalent means.
The harness c see Figures 7 and 8, composed preferably of thread or twine made
in usual manner and having usual head bands, is attached at its opposite edges by a
wire or in other suitable manner to the two cylinders or rollers c', c² the harness c³ of
like construction being attached in like manner to the cylinders or rolls c', c', each
heddle employed in the harnesses having an eye for the reception of one of the warp
threads c taken from the warp-beam, the said warp threads after passing under the
whip-roll F¹, see Figure 3, having between them usual lease-rods e² before being
passed through the eyes of the heddles, the warp threads being thereafter led through
between the dents of the reed F and thence to the take-up roll C, and upon the
receiving roll C¹, the warp prior to its arrival at the roll C receiving between it the
filling and being made into cloth.
The rolls c¹ and c³, are connected together by a strap or cord c³, see Figure 8, the
rolls c¹ and c by a strap or cord c³, and the rolls c³ and by a strap or cord c¹º,
the said straps or cords so connecting the said rolls that when one of them, as for
instance roll c³, is rotated once or nearly so in one direction, it will cause all the other
rolls to be rotated for a like distance, the reversal of the rotation of the said roll
reversing all the others with it, the straps being so connected to the rolls that when
the harness c is being moved by the rolls c¹ and c³ to which it is attached the harness c³
attached to the outer rolls c', c, will be moved in the opposite direction as it is obvious
must be the case to enable the shed to be formed for the passage of the shuttle F,
shown by dotted lines, see Fig. 1.
It will be noticed that the heddles employed to make up the harnesses c, c³, are
connected at their ends directly to the rolls upon which they are wound alternately
in the act of separating the warps to form sheds for the passage of the shuttle, the
direct connection of the heddles to the rolls, instead of by means of straps and bars,
as usual, enabling the heddles to be moved more steadily and uniformly and without
side strain or vibration, and so also, attaching the heddles directly to the rolls, as
stated, enables me to materially lessen the space required from front to back of the
loom.
Prior to my invention wherever straps have been employed to connect the heddles
or bars of harnesses to rolls, the straps for both sets of heddles instrumental in
opening the shed in the warp, have been attached to but two rolls, and the eyes of the
heddles of the two sets of harnesses thus connected with the rolls have been separated
a distance equal to the diameter of the rolls, but by employing four rolls, as will be
herein described, and attaching the ends of the heddles to the said rolls, one half to
two of them, and the other half to two other of the rolls, the heddles are brought
close together, the closer the heddles together when the harnesses are moving in
opposite directions, the greater the slope of the shed under all conditions of
movement.
So also by connecting the heddles with four rolls, as shown, instead of two, as
heretofore, it is possible to bring the reed, which constitutes the race of the lay, closer
to the heddles or harnesses.
The journals of the shafts carrying the rolls c¹, c², c³, c³, are mounted in brackets c¹6
connected with the loom side.
Herein the shaft of the roller c² is provided with a pinion c¹³ which is engaged
by a toothed plate d which may be either a wheel or a segment thereof, the said plate
being pivoted at d¹ on a suitable stud and being of such radius that it, by a motion
of reciprocation about its pivot, may rotate the pinion c¹³ once or substantially once
in one direction and then reverse its movement for a like distance.
Herein the said toothed plate d derives its motion from a link d pivoted to it and
to a progressively but intermittingly toothed gear d³ having a radius less than the said
R

page_text: 23
plate, and mounted to be rotated on a stud d' fast to the frame-work, the said gear
being engaged and rotated by a pinion d' always rotated in one direction but inter-
mittingly and mounted on a stud also secured to the frame-work, the said pinion d³
having an attached crank ds, slotted as best shown by the detail Figure 3 a, the slot
of the said crank receiving a pin or stud d' attached to the connecting rod 61 of the
lay, the said connecting-rods in their movement effecting by the said pin the inter-
mitting rotation of the crank and gear ds, the gear d³ and the devices actuated by it
to move the harnesses to form the shed being so proportioned and actuated that the
shed remains open and at rest long enough to afford ample time for the passage
of the shuttle, the shed being formed on the first quarter of the movement of the
crank-shaft the lay then descending and with it the shuttle-boxes, the picking being
commenced during the downward motion of the lay and being finished or substantially
so while the latter is in about its lowest position.
The plate d is provided with a slot d to enable the position of the link to be
changed to obtain more or less motion for the said plate and consequently make the
shed wider or narrower.
Each shuttle-box, connected rigidly to the lay, has depending from it a bracket f,
provided at its lower end with a pin or stud f which constitutes a variable fulcrum
for the lower end of the picker-stick f, provided at its upper end as herein shown,
with a picker f of usual construction.
the
To give the picker a substantially right line movement I have attached to the
picker-stick, at its rear edge, a holder f*, and between it and the said picker-stick I
have attached one end of the pulling-rod f having at its upper end a hook f³,
said holder also serving to loosely connect to the picker-stick the radius-bar fe made
as a loop or bail, see Figure 2, adjustably pivoted to the block fattached to the lay,
the upper ends of the said radius-bar being bent or hooked, see right of Figure 2, to
enter holes in the said block, the attachment of the said radius-bar to the picker-stick
being between the lay and the point of attachment of the said pulling rod to the
said stick.
The frame-work of the loon has attached to it, at each side a small bracket g bolted
to the loom side, the said bracket practically forming a part of the loom frame.
To the inner side of these brackets g are attached stañas g¹ provided with a roller
stud 2.
The pulling-rod f is composed of a loop-like piece which embraces the picker-
stick, and has its free ends attached to a block 12 which is secured by screw 3 to the
shank of the portion having the hook f³.
The pulling-rod is normally held toward the loom frame by a suitable spring 10,
see Figure 1, so that as the lay is descending the hook. f catches upon the roll 2 and
stopping the pulling-rod causes the picker-stick to be moved from the outer end of
the shuttle-box toward its inner end the picker at such time throwing the shuttle, the
radius-bar swinging on the block f the resultant motion given to the picker carried
by a picker-stick supported as described, and actuated by the pulling-rod being
substantially what is called a parallel motion, in other words the picker-stick does not
swing about a single point as for instance the pivot f¹, but by means of the devices
described and the slot at its lower end the picker travels in substantially a straight
line, the adjustment of the upper end of the radius-bar in the holes of the block f'
enabling the blow of the picker to be delivered with the precision desired, to give to
the shuttle its proper course across the loom.
As the picker-stick completes its stroke during the downward movement of the lay,
the pulling-rod, at a point just below the hook f³, meets an inclined surface or
projection of the bracket g and prying over it causes the hook to slip from the said
roll 2 releasing the picker-stick so that it is free to drop from its position shown at the
left of Figure 1, into the position shown at the right of the said Figure, it in its
backward position meeting the picker-check g' which may be a spring of any usual
construction.
The take-up roller C has upon its shaft at one end a toothed gear h which is
engaged by a pinion h¹ fast at one side of a larger pinion ³, which in turn is engaged

page_text: by a small.pinion h³ fast to one side of a ratchet-wheel mounted on a stud ³ in a
bracket erected upon the frame-work, the said ratchet-wheel being actuated
intermittingly by a pawl 6 carried by a lever h', pivoted at 8, the long arm of the
said pawl carrying lever ' being acted upon by the ears 6, 7, connected to and
moving with the lay.
The woven cloth, has its end applied to the cloth receiving roll C³, the journals of
which are placed as usual in guideways C10, so as to rise as the cloth accumulates
thereon.
The backward rotation of the ratchet-wheel h* is prevented by the detent h¹.
The tension devices for the yarn-beam composed of a strap m, lever m¹, and
weight m³, are and may be of usual construction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The warp-beam, the breast-beam, the crank-shaft, the connecting-rods, the
vertically reciprocating lay, guides to control its movements in a straight line, and its
attached reed and shuttle-boxes, combined with a bracket depending from the lay, the
picker-stick, and means for actuating the stick, the stick and its actuating means rising
and falling with the lay, substantially as described.
2. The breast-beam provided with a dagger receiving opening, the stop-rod having
a stop-plate, the crank-shaft, the connecting rods, and the lay actuated thereby and
provided with shuttle-boxes, the dagger attached to the lay, the binders in the shuttle-
boxes, means to connect them, a trigger, and the shipper-lever, and its holder, combined
with means substantially as described intermediate the stop-rod and the shipper-lever to
effect the release of the shipper-lever and place the stop-plate in position to arrest the
dagger when a shuttle fails to properly enter a shuttle-box, as and for the purpose
set forth.
3. The warp-beam, the breast-beam, the crank-shaft, connecting-rods and lay
combined with two sets or pairs of rollers c¹, e², and c, c to which the ends of the,
heddles composing the harnesses c, c³, are directly connected, and with means
substantially as described to operate the said rolls to wind and unwind the heddles of
the said harnesses from one to the other roll of the rolls to which they are attached,
to effect the formation of the sheds, substantially as described.
4. The harnesses c, c³, the two sets of rolls c¹, c², and c³, c³, to which they are
attached as described, and means to connect the said rolls whereby they are rotated at
the same time in the formation of a shed in the warp, combined with a toothed plate
or jack, as d, and with means to reciprocate the said plate or jack, substantially as
described.
5. The roll forming one of the rolls effective in the movement of the harnesses,
the attached gear c¹³, and the plate d, and its attached link and gear d³, combined with
the gear d and the crank and lay to move it, substantially as described.
6. The lay having the attached shuttle-boxes, the depending brackets, means to
move the lay vertically, guides to direct the lay in a straight line, and the picker-
sticks connected to the brackets by a slot and pin connection, combined with the
radius-bar to connect the picker-sticks to the lay and with the pulling-rods and means
co-operating therewith whereby the picker-stick is actuated to throw the shuttle while
the lay is descending, substantially as described.
7. The lay, its attached shuttle-boxes, means to move the lay, the dagger attached
to the lay, the shipper, lever, its holder, the knocking-off plate a, the shipper-rod
having a notch, means to connect it to the said knocking-off plate, the breast-beam
provided with a hole a¹ the stop-rod having the stop-plate to cover the said hole,
and the elbow lever to connect the said stop-rod and shipper-rod, combined with a
trigger made movable with the lay, the shuttle-binders and means actuated by them
to move the said trigger whereby the failure of the shuttle to properly enter the

page_text: shuttle-box toward which it is approaching will move the trigger and place it in
position to release the shipper-lever and stop the loom, substantially as described.
8. The two crank-shafts and friction pulleys attached to them, and the shaft A', its
pinion, the gear A', and sleeves and discs or plates D' carried thereby to co-operate
with the two friction pulleys secured to the said crank shafts, combined with two 5
shipper-levers to operate the said discs or plates and effect the driving of one or both
the said crank-shafts, substantially as described.
Dated the 24th day of December 1887
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the Applicant.