IMPROVEMENTS IN RAG. ENGINES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER PULP
Year: 1884

page_text: I ROBERT BRODIE of 91 Albany Street, Leith, in the County of Midlothian,
North Britain, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAG. ENGINES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER PULP to be
as follows:
This Invention, which relates to Improvements in the arrangement or construction
of rag engines to be used in the manufacture of paper pulp, consists in arranging
the breaker roll which is fitted with breaking or cutting blades on a horizontal axis
at one end of the casing wherein the breaking action of the rags or other material
takes place. At the same end of the casing and in the necessary proximity to the
edges of the breaking or cutting blades are situated the fixed blades, between which
and the blades of the roll the breaking action takes place. The breaker roll is so
carried in its bearings that, by means of set or draw screws, the edges of its blades
may be adjusted to run with any required degree of closeness to the fixed blades.
At the upper part of the interior of the casing an inclined division is situated, so
that the pulp, as it is thrown upwards by the centrifugal action of the breaker roll;
easily runs down the upper surface of the inclined division to the lower part of the
rag engine casing, and in this manner the material is acted upon repeatedly and
uniformly by the rotating and fixed blades until sufficiently pulped, and when it is'
brought to this state a valve, connected with a discharge orifice at one side of the.
casing, is opened, thus allowing the engine to discharge the pulp, while at the same
time the opening of the said valve also turns up a portion of the inclined division,
so that it touches the upper interior part of the casing, and thus prevents the
further circulation of the pulp therein.
That end of the casing at which the breaker roll is situated as well as the
corresponding. end of the inclined division are made moveable to enable the
breaker roll to be lifted into or out of the casing as required.
The inclined division hereinbefore described may have a washer at the upper
part thereof against which the pulp is deflected by the centrifugal action of the
breaker roll causing it to strike down upon the washer from a portion of the
casing. And the inclined division may be fitted with knotter or strainer plates for
intercepting knots and dirty matter whilst allowing the fine clean pulp to pass,
down through to the underside of the said inclined division in which case the
discharge of the pulp takes place at the underside or below the inclined'division.
Dated this seventeenth day of January 1884.
.

page_text: I, ROBERT BRODIE, of 91 Albany Street, Leith, in the County of Midlothian,
North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
RAG ENGINES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER PULP and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
This Invention which relates to improvements in the arrangements or construction
of Rag Engines to be used in the manufacture of paper pulp, consists in placing the
breaker roll, which is fitted with breaking or cutting blades, on a horizontal axis at
one end of the casing wherein the breaking action of the rags or other material
takes place. At the same end of the casing, and in the necessary proximity to the
edges of the breaking or cutting blades, the fixed blades are situated between which,
and the blades of the roll, the breaking action takes place. The breaker roll is so
carried in its bearings that, by means of set or draw screws or their mechanical
equivalents, the edges of its blades may be adjusted to run with any required
degree of closeness to the fixed blades. At the upper part of the interior of the
casing, an inclined division is situated, so that the pulp, as it is thrown upwards by
the centrifugal action of the breaker roll, easily runs down the upper surface of the
inclined division, to the lower part of the rag engine casing, and in this manner the
material is acted upon repeatedly and uniformly by the rotating and fixed blades
until sufficiently pulped, and when it is brought to this state, a valve, connected
with a discharge orifice at one side of the casing, is opened, thus allowing the
engine to discharge the pulp, while at the same time the opening of the said valve
also turns up a portion of the inclined division so that it touches the upper interior
part of the casing, and thus prevents the further circulation of the pulp therein.
That end of the casing at which the breaker roll is situated is made moveable,
and the corresponding end of the inclined division is or may be made moveable to
enable the breaker roll to be lifted into or out of the casing as required.
The inclined division, herein before described, may have a washer at the upper
part thereof, against which the pulp is deflected, by the centrifugal action of the
breaker roll, causing it to strike down upon the washer from a portion of the
casing. And the inclined division may be fitted with knotter or strainer plates for
intercepting knots and dirty matter, whilst allowing the fine clear pulp to pass
down to the underside, that is to say, at a point below the level of the upper
surface of the said inclined division.
In order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed :-
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1, is a longitudinal section of a Rag Engine constructed according to and
constituting my present Invention.
Figure 2, is a plan of the same with the upper part of the casing removed.
My present improvements consist in arranging the breaker roll a, which is fitted'
with the breaking or cutting blades b, on a horizontal axis c, at one end of the
casing d, wherein the breaking action of the rags or other material takes place.-
At the same end of the casing d; and in the necessary proximity to the edges of
the breaking or cutting blades b, are situated the fixed blades e, between which and
the blades b; of the roll a, as the said-roll rotates, the breaking action takes place.―
In the provision of the fixed blades e, prefer to arrange them in the form

page_text: represented in dotted lines at Figure 2, that is to say, the said blades being bent at
the centre so as the two parts of each blade form an obtuse angle one with the
other. Instead of providing these fixed blades e, immediately below the axis c, of
the roll a, I may place them in front of and on the same horizontal level as the said
axis c, or at any point intermediate between the position shewn on the drawing
and the higher position herein last mentioned.-The breaker roll a, is so carried in'
its bearings f, that, by means of set or draw screws, (not represented upon the
annexed drawings), the edges of its blades b, may be adjusted to run with any
degree of closeness to the fixed blades e.- -Or, when the fixed blades e, are placed on
or about the level of the axis of the breaker roll, in that case the said breaker roll
has set or draw screws or their mechanical equivalents for moving it horizontally
for adjustment.-At the upper part of the interior of the casing d, the inclined
division g, is situated, so that the pulp, as it is thrown upwards by the centrifugal
action of the breaker roll a, rotating in the direction of the arrow h, easily runs
down the upper surface of the inclined division g, to the lower part of the rag
engine casing d, and in this manner, the material under treatment, is acted upon
repeatedly and uniformly by the rotating blades b, and the fixed blades e, until
sufficiently pulped, and when it is brought to this state, a valve connected with the
discharge orifice 2, is opened, thus allowing the engine to discharge the pulp, while,
at the same time, the opening of the said valve also turns up the portion j, of the
inclined division g, so that the said part touches the upper interior part of the
casing d, as represented in dotted lines on the annexed drawings, and thus prevents
the further circulation of the pulp therein.-The moveable portion j, of the inclined
division is preferably hinged obliquely to the said division g, as represented more
particularly in dotted lines at Figure 2, so that the pulp on coming against it is
directed towards the discharge orifice i, or in place of hinging j, to the inclined
division, it may be hinged to the upper part of the casing, in which case it
is turned downwards upon the inclined division when it is required to discharge
the pulp.
The end of the casing at which the breaker roll a, is situated, and if necessary
the corresponding end of the inclined division g, is or are made moveable to enable
the breaker roll a, to be lifted into or out of the casing as required.-One form of
effecting this is by hinging the part k, of the casing to the main or chief part
of the upper half of the said casing, the upper and lower halves being fitted
together at the flanges l, and secured by bolts and nuts, or by other suitable means.―
The upper half of the casing d, is provided with the opening m, fitted with
a suitable lid or cover n, and the materials to be treated are charged into the rag
engine through this opening.
The inclined division g, may have a washer at the upper part thereof, against
which the pulp is deflected by the centrifugal action of the breaker roll a, causing
it to strike down upon the washer from a portion of the casing d, such washer is
shewn on the inclined division g, at o.-It allows the dirty water to pass to the
underside of the same and to discharge itself through the opening a¹.
When a charge of materials has been completely pulped by the reduction of the
fibrous matter to the requisite degree of fineness it is either discharged from the
engine at the opening i, provided for that purpose, or it may be discharged by
the opening b¹, at the underside of the casing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the
improved rag engine, substantially as herein before set forth with reference to
the annexed drawings.
Second. In rag engines for the manufacture of paper pulp, the arranging of the
horizontal breaker roll a, at one end of the casing d, and in relation to the
division g, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth with
reference to the annexed drawings,

page_text: Third. The inclined division g, within the casing d, substantially as and for the
purposes bereinbefore set forth with reference to the annexed drawings.
Fourth. The moveable portion j, brought into operation when the discharge.
takes place through the opening i, at the upper side of the division 9, substantially.
as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth with reference to the annexed;
drawings.
;