IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO REFRIGERATING AND FREEZING APPARA- TUS
Year: 1879

page_text: ¡LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firin of Haseltine, Lake,
"
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO REFRIGERATING AND FREEZING APPARA-
TUS." A communication from abroad by Francis Effingham Pinto, of
Brooklyn, and Samuel Benton Hunt, of the City of New York, both in the
State of New York, United States of America.
COMPLETE. SPECIFICATION filed by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th March 1879.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO REFRI-
GERATING AND FREEZING APPARATUS." A communication from abroad by Francis
Effingham Pinto, of Brooklyn, and Simon Benton Hunt, of the City of New York,
both in the State of New York, United States of America.
The said Invention relates to refrigerating and freezing apparatus for carrying
into effect a novel mode of regulating and applying atmospheric air under pressure
through a cut off and expanding engine, and adjusting a water tank to ice forming
cores in a freezing chamber, by which means ice may be produced from water, and
perishable matter may be preserved in its natural state for use.
The said Invention is illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, in which,
Figure 1 is a vertical section of the refrigerating part of the said apparatus.
A is an air pump provided with suitable valves and a rod and piston to force the
compressed air into the submerged coil of piping in the water tank or cold air
chamber, similar to the worm of a still; the air pump may be also arranged in any
convenient position:
The air is forced through the cooling coil 5 under pressure into the refrigerating
chamber F, where it is discharged broadcast and fills the whole compartment with
cold dry air; after the same has been utilized it may be drawn back by the force
pump through the ingress pipe 411 while in a cold state, to be passed two or more
times through the pump A and coil 5, where it becomes further reduced in tempera-
ture to effect the cooling process; or the said cold compressed air may be forced
into the cooling tank W directly from the refrigerating chamber F and then
employed to cool the coil 5 and pump A in lieu of the water.
In this instance, the air pump draws its supply of fresh air from the outside
atmosphere preparatory to forcing it through the different coils of piping 5, 5¹, 5¹¹,

page_text: to accomplish its double use of cooling the chamber F and afterwards the coil 5 and
pump A.
When water is used, the tank W is fed through the inlet pipe i, and the
same is drawn off through the pipe . Similar pipes are used for admitting and
discharging air when required.
To facilitate the above process or mode of utilizing compressed air for refrigerating
or freezing purposes, I employ an expanding engine E and cut off A¹ arranged so
that the compressed air passes from the freezing coil 5 through the cut off into the
expanding chamber or engine E, whence it is discharged broadcast into the
freezing chamber or refrigerating room F.
Figure 2 represents the several parts of a cut off which may be varied to suit
the exigencies of the situation.
A¹ represents a side elevation of the cut-off device; P, P¹, is the air chest ; 0, 0¹,
are the cut-off valves which open and close the ports 1, 2, 3, 4. B, B¹, are rods, the
former of which is formed with a pronged head in the form of the letter U, having
an upward projecting tooth in the centre of the recess. This tooth is brought
in contact with corresponding teeth r, r, arranged in a groove v on the shaft N
opposite to each other, so that the revolution of the shaft will cause the teeth r, r²,
to press vertically upon the apex or point of the tooth 11, by which means the
head u, u, is forced downwards, and consequently the collar x on the rod B presses
down upon the compensating springs which rests upon the stationary arm F and
surrounds the reciprocating rod B, and this rod B and the cut off O are forced
upward, to be again forced downward by the projecting teeth r,
pl
The rod B¹ is secured to the upper end of the reciprocating cut off O¹ so that
both are raised and lowered by means of a circular loop or band m secured to the
upper end of the reciprocating rod B¹ and passing over the excentric C on the
shaft N, the whole being worked by the crank or other means at WI.
Figure 3 is a front view of the pronged U shaped head secured to the upper
section of the rod B, and showing the teeth, 1, 1, in the act of forcing the rod B
and cut off valve O downward,
This Invention is not restricted to any particular form of cut off, as any suitable
construction or device that may be best adapted to the other parts of the said
Invention may be used.
According to this Invention, the production of artificial ice may be effected by
compressing atmospheric air either directly from the force pump, or from a storing
reservoir, or from both at the same time; the pump is operated by any suitable
motor to charge the reservoir with compressed air to be kept in reserve, and to be
used separately or in combination with the air pump to charge the double walled
ice forming chamber D with said compressed air by means of suitable valves and
pipes arranged, as shown in the Drawings or otherwise, to suit the exigencies of
the situation.
In this arrangement of air compressing devices the force pump and storing
chamber or reservoir are arranged on the outside of the ice chamber D, to which
they are connected by means of any suitable pipe and valves or regulating cut off
(see Figure 4).
The ice forming core A¹¹ in the chamber D is provided with a short journal at
cach end thereof to hold the core on a vertical line with, the axis of the driving
roller B², operated under water in the tank C3 by means of any suitable outside
gearing.
These journals are held on a line (as the revolving core A rises by the increasing
jacket of ice forming around the same) by means of slotted uprights secured to the
sides of the tank C on a line opposite to each other. I cover the submerged driving
roller B with a flexible covering which acts upon the ice forming core All with
better results, and I also employ a circular cutter upon each end of the fixed driving
roller B2, which keeps the ends of the core A¹ free from the ice during the process
of forming the same.
The storing reservoir is charged with twenty or more atmospheres when the valve
is closed, connecting with the air pump, and this compressed air is held ready to be

page_text: thrown broad cast, and utilized in the ice chamber D when an increased volume
of air is required to more rapidly absorb the caloric in the said freezing chamber D
for the purpose of producing ice. Figure 5 is a vertical section drawn to an enlarged
scale of an adjustable water tank C³, operated by means of springs S, S, on
rode Q, Q, and weights V, V, said tank being provided with lugs n, n, n, n, to
reciprocate up and down upon the guiding rods Q, Q, by the action of the springs S, S,
and weights v, v, to hold the surface of the water up in contact with the revolving
surface of the ice forming upon the revolving core A", which may be either hollow
or solid and operated by any suitable mechanism arranged outside of the ice
forming chamber D. Figure 6 is a vertical longitudinal section of the adjustable
water tank C3 having the weights V, V, removed to allow the springs S, S, to carry
up the tank until the lower periphery of the revolving core A" (hung upon
stationary bearings) is submerged in the water in the tank C³ so as to take up
sufficient water to form a thin film of water over the entire surface or outer peri-
phery of the core A", so that the water is frozen upon this revolving surface when
it comes in contact with the cold surrounding air which is thrown broadcast into
the ice forming chamber from the expanding engine E through pipe X, Figure 1,
under pressure; by this means the first film or thin coating of ice is formed on the
revolving core A"; after a suitable thickness of ice is formed on the said revolving
core A, one small section of the weights V, V, are placed upon the rods Q, Q, to
force down the tank C until the ice assumes the thickness shown at Figure 5, when
the ice chamber is opened and the thick jacket J of ice is removed from the core A¹¹
by any suitable means.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it under-
stood that I claim,-
First. The employment, for refrigerating and freezing purposes, of compressed
atmospheric air in a dry state discharged from the compressing engine or pump
through the cooling coil into the air chest of the cut off device, and conducted
thence to the expanding chamber, from which it is thrown broadcast under pressure
into the freezing or refrigerating chamber, where it is utilized and returned to the
coil chamber as above set forth.
Secondly. A cut off device in combination with an air compressing apparatus
and expanding chamber, all constructed, arranged, and operating in the manner
and for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty fourth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
W. ROB. LAKE. (L.S.)