Improvements in the Manufacture or Production of Butter and Whipped Cream.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Aug., 1889-Accepted, 26th Apr., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture or Production of Butter and
Whipped Cream.
I. WALTER COLE, of 40, Colby Road, Gipsy Hill, in the county of Surrey,
Architect, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to a new process for the manufacture or production of
butter, viz. by forcing air at a suitable temperature through the milk or cream,
from which the butter is to be made; the process also serving for the production of
whipped cream.
Any suitable arrangement may be employed for carrying out my process but for the
purpose of illustration I have annexed a drawing shewing at figure 1 a sectional
elevation of an arrangement of apparatus which have found to answer well in
practice.
In the drawing a represents a bench or table; is a vessel (which I call the con-
verter) of glass or other suitable material for containing the milk or cream to be
treated and preferably formed with a lip or flange ; c is a perforated false bottom
in the vessel b; d is the cover of the vessel having an opening e at the top, partly
enclosed by a cap f and serrated round its lower edge at g; h is a pipe opening into
the bottom of the vessel under the false bottom c, the said pipe coming from a
vessel which I call the filter, j is the cover of the filter fitted air-tight, from which
passes the pipe leading to the converter b; is a wire-gauze or perforated false
bottom in the filter; is a pipe which opens under the false bottom k and which
comes from a blower or other suitable source of compressed air; m is a discharge
cock for emptying the filter, and n is a discharge cock for emptying the vessel, 8;
o is a stop cock in the air pipe h
h
To manufacture butter by my process I proceed as follows; all the connections
having been made between the blower, the filter and the vessel b, and the taps
closed, I charge the filter about one half full with clear cold water preferably
filtered or boiled, the cover is put on and made air-tight, I then charge the
converter about one half full with the milk or cream to be treated and put on
the loose cover d to stop the splashes. The blower is set in motion and the air
cock o turned on at the converter b and the air as it leaves the blower is driven
to and liberated at the bottom of the filter i and rises up through the perforated
bottom and through the water therein in small globules, the false bottom k serving
to break up and allow of more completely washing the said air, the air then passes
on by the pipe h connecting the filter i to the converter b and entering the converter
at the bottom thereof rises up through the perforated false bottom c and through
the material to be treated and causes the change necessary to enable the fatty globules
thereof to unite and form butter.
It is very important to keep the milk or cream at a temperature of from 60°.
to 88° Fahrenheit and to keep it as nearly as possible at a uniform temperature
throughout the operation. I have found that the most successful results are attained
by keeping the milk or cream at a temperature about 70° to 75°. This I accomplish
by heating the air by applying heat to the filter by means of a small lamp, such
as P of any convenient form or by forming an ordinary worm of the pipe / con-
necting the filter to the converter and setting this worm in hot water. In like
manner also may the cream or milk be cooled, if necessary, by the use of cold water
or any other refrigerating medium.
Any splashes of milk or cream which pass out through the opening e in the cover d
of the converter pass back into the converter through the serrations g.

page_text: -
The butter made as hereinbefore described is in a granular form and is most easily
washed in cold water thrown into the converter, the butter-milk having been first
drawn off by the cock n.
In some cases the filter may be dispensed with altogether and the air led from
the blower direct to the converter, which can be without a false bottom, provided
the air be thoroughly divided and distributed through the milk or cream, but I
find it better to use a filter, as it ensures pure air and also affords a more con-
venient means of applying most of the chemical agents used in preserving butter
than is at present in use, as by placing such agents in the water in the filter, the air
as it passes through, takes with it a portion of the preservative which is then
distributed throughout the material being worked.
When the false bottom is dispensed with in the converter I can conveniently use
a perforated pipe of the form shown in plan in figure 2 instead of the straight pipe
shewn in figure 1 under the false bottom. I can also use one filter to several
converters.
For whipping cream the process is substantially the same as that for producing
butter, but the temperature of the air and therefore of the cream must be kept
between 33° and 60° in the same manner as above.
Having now described. and ascertained the nature of my invention and in what
manner it is to be performed I wish it to be understood that I do not confine
myself to the precise construction and arrangement of the apparatus described and
illustrated for carrying out my invention, as it is obvious that the apparatus may
vary according to different requirements but what I claim is-
(1) The new process for the manufacture or production of butter by forcing air
at a suitable temperature through the milk or cream, from which the butter is to be
made.
(2) The new process herein before described of obtaining whipped cream, that is to
say, by forcing air at a suitable temperature through the cream to be treated.
(3) The use in the manufacture or production of butter or whipped cream of
apparatus, such as is hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawing.
(4) Butter or whipped cream manufactured or produced by the process herein
described.
Dated the 21st day of August 1889.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.