Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 30th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 30th Sept., 1887.
WILLIAM HENRY PASLEY Lamp Manufacturer 140 Great Charles Street Birmingham
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to produce an Oil Lamp that will be perfectly safe in
use and for this purpose I construct a Container or Reservoir with a single or double
caseing, tube or inverted cone, extending from the top downwards, so that the oil in
Container cannot be spilled if overturned.
As a further safeguard I attach one or more extinguishers, applied by one or more
of the methods herein described, so that the Lamp may be extinguished at option, or
automatically in the event of accident.
To insure that the Lamp be properly trimmed I provide a wick trimmer which fits
upon the wick tube or tubes, and when drawn over them removes the charred portion
of the wick or wicks projecting through the Slot provided for the purpose, leaving the
wick the proper shape to produce a perfect flame.
In carrying out my Invention I construct the Lamp so that it may be upset or
overturned or subjected to such accidents as occur in ordinary use, and be free from
the danger usually accompanying such accidents.
The Invention consists of the introduction into the Reservoir or Oil Container of a
tube or Single or double caseing or it may be an inverted Cone, attached to the top
or upper part of Container or burner, and open at the lower end, extending nearly to
the bottom of said Container, so that when the Reservoir is overturned or even
inverted only the small quantity of oil that may be in said tube or caseing can escape,
and produce an extended conflagration.
The Second tube is always preferably attached to the burner, and affords a perfect
preventative to the spilling of the oil.
This tube or tubes may be fixed permanently to the Lamp or Burner Structure, or
may be attached by means of suitable catches or Screws. My Invention can be
applied to any existing oil Lamp, whether for lighting or heating purposes, which is of
great advantage.
For the purpose of filling in case the Safety tube or casing is fixed to the burner
collar or Container, a small air hole is provided in that part of the neck or collar

page_text: into which the burner fits, so that when the burner is fixed this air hole is hermetically
closed.
If preferred, a small screw cap, or vent plug acting by Spring or otherwise
may be used to admit air for the purpose of filling, instead of method above
described.
As a further protection I attach one or both of the easily actuated Extinguishers
hereinafter described which may be arranged to act automatically or otherwise,
so that in the event of the Lamp being upset the flames may be immediately
extinguished.
I place an Extinguisher upon each tube, mounted upon or connected by the
necessary portion of the burner by a very flexible Spring. Attached to or forming
part of the Extinguisher is a small projection, fitting into and working in a small
slot or hole in wick tube and pressing upon the wick therein, so that when the
wicks are lowered in the usual manner by the winders and go below the projecting
piece of extinguisher described the Spring is immediately liberated and carries the
Extinguisher over top of wick tube & the light is thereby extinguished.
To extinguish the Lamp in case of accident, I attach an Extinguisher which is
automatic.
It consists of one or more plates of metal, which may be flat, or bent so as to form
a section of a circle, or hollowed, placed at one or both sides of the wick tube or
tubes, and so hung on pivots or centres that when the Lamp is in an upright position,
these plates or hollowed pieces of metal may be fixed at such a distance or position
from the flame as to act as draft regulators & produce more perfect combustion―
but in the event of the Lamp being thrown on one side or overturned-in consequence
of the lower portion attached to or forming part of these plates-being heavier than
the upper portion, they retain their original perpendicular position as hung, so that
as the wick tubes fall out of perpendicular the flames come under and against these
plates or hollowed pieces of metal and are immediately extinguished.
I preferably use the simple form of automatic Extinguisher above described, but
where the form of burner renders it more convenient, the lower or heavier portion
may be separate and be connected to the extinguisher plates by means of connecting
rods or pieces.
Where the shape of burner or other cause renders the method of extinguishing
flames herein before described inapplicable, I use a small metal plate, hung freely
upon or fixed to an arm or carrier, which on being drawn or scraped over the ignited
wick immediately extinguishes the flame. The arm or carrier to which the
extinguishing plate is fixed is pivoted or hung to a suitable portion of the burner,
so that when this arm or carrier falls or is drawn one way or the other, the
extinguishing plate is carried over the flame and the light put out.
Either of these methods of extinguishing the flames may be applied to existing
Lamps. As a further element of safety & to insure that the Lamp be properly
trimmed I provide a single or double wick trimmer, which is placed over or upon
the wick or wicks, which on being drawn backwards & forwards over the wick or
wicks, scrapes off the charred edges which fall into grooves provided for the purpose.
By this means the charred portions of wick are prevented from falling into the
burner choking the air passages, and causing the burner to heat & become
dangerous.
Dated this 29th day of November 1886.

page_text: I, WILLIAM HENRY PASLEY of 140 Great Charles Street Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention consists of improvements in, or connected with lamps, and burners
of lamps first, an improved means of preventing the spilling of oil, in an oil
container, should a lamp get upset, or inverted when in use. Secondly, in isolating
the wicks from the oil container, by means of a wick casing or wick receptacle,
provided with a small hole through its bottom, and through which hole, oil from
the container flows to the wicks. Thirdly, in an improved automatic extinguisher,
in which the displacement of a bar acting in conjunction with extinguisher mechanism,
puts out the light, on a lamp being overturned, inverted, or displaced from an erect
position.
Figure 1 represents partly in vertical section, and partly in elevation, a paraffin,
or a volatile hydro-carbon lamp, provided with improvements made according to my
invention; and which improvements, consists essentially in safety means, for
preventing the accidental spilling of the oil, and an automatic extinguisher for putting
out the light, should the lamp get upset, by inadvertence or design.
Figure 2 represents a vertical section of the burner part of the said lamp, taken at
right angles to that of figure 1. Figure 3 exhibits a plan of the said burner part,
showing the position of the extinguisher bar, with respect to the wick tubes and
extinguishers. Figure 4 shows the burner part of the lamp in a semi-inverted
position, which thus exhibits the working of the extinguishers, by the displacement
of the said bar, on a lamp being overturned.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4
of the drawing.
3
a is the oil container of the lamp, and 6 is a wick casing or wick receptacle,
fixedly connected to, and suspended from the mouth or upper part a², of the said
container, and which said wick casing or receptacle, extends to near the bottom of
the container and when a wick or the wicks c are in position, their lower ends c³,
preferably rest upon, and cover over a small hole or piercing 63, made within the
bottom of the said wick casing; so that only a limited amount of oil, is allowed to
pass into the bottom of the casing; so that should the lamp be accidentally overturned,
or even inverted, only a small quantity of oil can possibly be spilled.
This means of isolating the oil in the container from the wicks, gets rid of that
danger which is common where the wicks are directly immersed in the oil of a
container, provided with an open mouth.

page_text: Access to the container is obtained, through a supplementary stoppered opening,
through which oil is poured, but not shown in the drawing.
I will now describe the burner of the lamp, provided with extinguisher mechanism
constructed according to my invention.
d is the body of the burner part, whose lower end d², fits upon the mount a² of the
container, and with the collar d³ fitting within the mouth of the wick casing or
container b. e is the slitted burner cone, and ff, are the wick tubes, whose upper
parts are surrounded by extinguishers g, connected together, by a cross bar ; and
which said extinguishers, consist essentially of an open ended casing, with flaps g³,
hinged upon joint centres q, and with return or cranked extended ends g, as best
seen in the elevation and plan, figures 1 and 3; and which said extended and
cranked joint pins, when in their normal positions, incline slightly upwards; and
when extinguishing, they come in direct contact with the top undersides of erect
wires or stops h, disposed and running parallel to the outer ends of the wick tubes.
i is an extinguisher bar, disposed on the underside of the extinguisher connection g¹;
so that on the upsetting or invertion of a lamp, the displacement by gravity, of
the said bar, forces the extinguishers g to the upper ends of the wick tubes; and on
the cranked ends of the joints g, coming in contact with the undersides of the
stops, the flaps g³ are turned inwards upon their joint contres, and automatically
extinguish the lamp, by their covering over the ends of the wicks."
Thus, the gravitating effect of the weight in the form of a bar, automatically
extinguishes the lamp when overturned or inverted, by the bar falling towards
the extinguishers, which thereby raises them, and by means hereinbefore described,
encloses the burning ends of the wicks, by the moving inwards of their jointed
flaps.'
Figure 5 represents another form of my invention, in which the wick chamber
or receptacle, is made to depend vertically from the underside of the burner body,
and thus made perfectly independent of the oil container; and when the wick or
wicks are placed in position, their lower end or ends preferably rest upon, or cover
over a small hole or piercing made in the bottom of the said receptacle or chamber.
d is the body of the burner of the lamp, is the wick chamber or receptacle,
fixedly connected to, and depending from the lower part d², of the said burner body
part. The lower end of the said receptacle, is enclosed by a lid or cap 63,
having through its bottom, a piercing or hole 62, over which the bottoms of the wicks,
preferably lie.
The object of the removable or false bottom, is for the purpose of gaining access to
the interior of the casing or tubing, should a wick or wicks inadvertently fall or slip
down through the wick tubes in the burner.
Instead of the wick casing or wick chamber, as in figure 1, being made permanent
with the oil container, it may be made to fit socket-like, upon a depending annular
flange, hanging from the mouth or entrance to the said container.
Or the wick chamber or receptacle as in figure 5, may be made to fit or screw upon
a collar, on the underside of the burner body.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim
First. The means herein described, of isolating, or partially isolating the wicks,
or the wick of a lamp, from the oil in the oil container, by a supplementary, and
centrally disposed wick casing, with a hole or piercing at its bottom, and hanging
from the mouth or upper part of the said container, and by which means, only
the oil contained within the wick casing, or wick receptacle, is spilled, on the
lamp becoming accidentally or otherwise overturned, substantially as described and
set forth in figure 1.
Secondly. Enclosing the entrance or mouth of an oil container, by the upper
enclosed end of a wick chamber or wick receptacle, substantially as described and
set forth.

page_text: Thirdly. The combination with a lamp burner, of a wick casing b, having a
piercing 6, at its bottom, which is preferably covered by the lower end, or ends, of a
wick or wicks, substantially as described and set forth in figure 1.
Fourthly Providing the burner, or the underside of a burner body, with a wick
chamber, whose bottom is pierced with a small hole, substantially as and for the
purpose as herein described and set forth in figure 5.
Fifthly The means herein-described, of automatically extinguishing a lamp, on
the same being upset, by the gravitating effect of a bar, substantially as described and
set forth in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Sixthly. The means herein described, of operating an extinguisher, or extinguishers
of a lamp, by mounting the extinguisher flaps, upon joints with upwardly directed
return ends, which on the forward displacement of a bar or a weight, the extinguisher
flaps or shutters are closed, substantially as described and set forth.
Seventhly. The general construction and arrangement of the parts of automatie
extinguishers, as herein described and set forth in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the
drawing.