IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF CARBONACEOUS SUBSTANCES IN OVENS OR FURNACES FOR THE CONVERSION THEREOF INTO COMBUSTIBLE AND OTHER PRODUCTS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, HEINRICH STIER of Zwickau in the Empire of Germany, Engineer and
Chemist do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE TREATMENT OF CARBONACEOUS SUBSTANCES IN OVENS OR FURNACES FOR
THE CONVERSION THEREOF INTO COMBUSTIBLE AND OTHER PRODUCTS to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to the construction of ovens or furnaces for the
production of coke and other carbonaceous, products described in the Specification to
F. C. Glaser's Patent N° 1962 of 1883, being a communication from me. According
to the present invention the said construction of furnace is made use of for treating
carbonaceous or bituminous substances in such manner that after the volatile
constituents have been distilled therefrom in the ordinary manner, the carbonaceous
residue is converted into combustible gases by admission into the incandescent
charge of the oven or furnace of a regulated supply of air or steam, or of both
combined, so that both the operations of distillation of the volatile constituents
and the conversion of the carbonaceous residue are effected consecutively in one
and the same chamber of the oven or furnace.
Furthermore, when it is desired to convert hydrocarbons, such as mineral oils
and the like, into aromatic substances, they are introduced either in liquid or
gaseous form, into the coking chambers, filled with incandescent coke, through the
pipe or conduit f, referred to in the said Specification, so as to become decomposed,
the volatile constituents, on being subjected to a condensing process, being made to
furnish partly tarry matter and partly permanent gases, while the solid residues
in combining with the coke render this of a compact and improved quality.
Carbonaceous matter not susceptible of coking, such as lignite, peat, bituminous
shales &c are utilised in the said oven or furnace by first distilling from them the
more volatile constituents, yielding tarry vapour, ammonia, and illuminating gases,
after which the residue is treated with air or steam or both combined, forced in
under pressure for the production of combustible gases, that may be employed
either directly for heating the coking chambers, or for other purposes. By raising
the temperature of the coking chambers to a high degree the introduction of

page_text: superheated steam through the beforementioned pipe f will enable water gas to be
produced which is particularly applicable for the production of ammonia. The
temperature having become more or less reduced by this treatment, the valve of
the pipe may be adjusted so as to admit nir, or air in conjunction with steam, so
as to raise the temperature again, after which steam alone inay again be admitted,
and thus the alternate processes may be continued until the more or less complete
exhaustion of the carbonaceous constituents of the charge has been attained, the
operations being if necessary aided by heating in the external flues b¹ as described
in the said specification.
Thus by the above described improved treatment there may be obtained in
operating upon one and the same body of carbonaceous material, in one and the
same coking chamber:
First. Coko together with the volatile constituents first given off, such as tar,
ammonia, and gas for illuminating or heating purposes.
Second. By the introduction of mineral and other oils and other hydrocarbons,
combustible gases and tar containing aromatic bodies, and
Third. Water gas and carbonic oxide gas by the consecutive or alternate
introduction of steam and air.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant,
28, Southampton Buildings,
London, W.C.

page_text: I, HEINRICH STIER of Zwickau in the Empire of Germany, Engineer and
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE TREATMENT OF CARBONACEOUS SUBSTANCES IN OVENS OR FURNACES FOR THE
CONVERSION THEREOF INTO COMBUSTIBLE AND OTHER PRODUCTS," and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference to the construction of ovens or furnaces for the
production of coke and other carbonaceous products described in the specification
to F. C. Glaser's Patent N° 1962 of 1883, being a communication from me.
According to the present invention the said construction of furnace is made use of
for treating carbonaceous or bituminous substances in such manner that after tho
volatile constituents have been distilled therefrom in the ordinary manner, the
carbonaceous residue is converted into combustible gases by admission into the
incandescent charge of the oven or furnace of a regulated supply of air or steam,
or of both combined, so that both the operations of distillation of the volatile
constituents and the conversion of the carbonaceous residue are effected consecutively
in one and the samo chamber of the oven or furnace.
Furthermore, when it is desired to convert hydrocarbons such as mineral oils
and the like into aromatic substances, they are introduced either in liquid or gaseous
form, into the coking chambers filled with incandescent coke, through the pipe or
conduit f, referred to in the said specification, so as to become decomposed, the volatile
constituents, on being subjected to a condensing process, being made to furnish
partly tarry matter and partly permanent gases, while the solid residue in combining
with the coke render this of a compact and improved quality. Carbonaceous
matter not susceptible of coking, such as lignite, peat, bituminous shales &c, are
utilised in the said oven or furnace by first distilling from them the more volatile
constituents yielding tarry vapor, ammonia and illuminating gases, after which the
residue is treated with air or steam or both combined, forced in under pressure for
the production of combustible gases, that may be employed either directly for
heating the coking chambers or for other purposes. By raising the temperature of
the coking chambers to a high degree the introduction of superheated steam
through the beforementioned pipe will enable water gas to be produced, which is
particularly applicable for the production of ammonia. The temperature having
become more or less reduced by this treatment, the valve of the pipe f may be
adjusted so as to admit air, or air in conjunction with steam so as to raise the
temperature again, after which steam alone inay again be admitted, and thus the
alternate processes may be continued, until the more or less complete exhaustion of
the carbonaceous constituents of the charge has been attained, the operations being,
if necessary, aided by heating in the external flues b' as described in the said
specification.
Thus by the above described improved treatment there may be obtained in
operating upon one and the same body of carbonaceous material in one and the
Bame coking chamber.
First, coke together with the volatile constituents first given off, such as tar,
ammonia and gas for illuminating or heating purposes.
Second, by the introduction of mineral and other oils and other hydrocarbons,
combustible gases and tar containing aromatic bodies, and
Third, water gas and carbonic oxide gas by the consecutive or alternato
introduction of steam and air,

page_text: The accompanying drawing shows the same construction of oven or furnace as
shewn in the specification to the before mentioned Patent N° 1962 of 1883, figs 1
to 4 shewing four different longitudinal sections, fig. 5 shews a part front elevation
fig. 6 a cross section, and fig. 7 a part plan. The drawing shews the two systems
of pipes P and Q already inentioned in the specification to Patent No 1962 of 1883,
of which the former serves for the air supply as there described, while the pipes Q
serve for the production and superheating of steam as also previously described.
The decomposition of the liquid hydrocarbons and the conversion thereof into
aromatic substances is effected by causing the former, such as mineral oils, bye
products, &c, to flow into the chambers charged with incandescent coke through the
pipe, fig. 6, and the resulting gases or vapors being led thence into the condenser,
a portion thereof will be condensed as tar &c, while the remaining permanent gases
are conducted to wherever required. The furnace flues b¹ may during this operation
either be closed or left open. The other parts of the oven being of precisely tho
same construction as described in the said previous Specification, they need not be
further described here.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1, In combination with the construction of ovens or furnaces described in the
Specification to Patent N° 1962 of 1883, the method of introducing hydrocarbons
into the incandescent coke chambers in order to produce, firstly, tar for obtaining
aromatic bodies; secondly, combustible gases for heating and illuminating purposes,
and thirdly, a more deuse coke on account of the deposits of graphite from the
hydrocarbons.
2, In ovens or furnaces constructed as described in the specification to Patent
N° 1962 of 1883, the production in one and the same chamber, firstly, of coke
together with the volatile products such as tar, ammonia and gases; secondly of
fresh tar containing aromatic bodies by the introduction of hydrocarbons through
the pipe f, and thirdly of water gas and carbonic oxide gas by the introduction of
steam or air or alternately steam and air through the pipe either with or without
simultaneous external heating of the said chamber, substantially as herein
described.
Dated this 9th day of October 1884.