Improvements in Motors for Portable Tools and the like.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Motors for Portable Tools and the like.
I, JAMES WHITELAW, of the City of St. Louis, State of Missouri, in the United
States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has for its object the production of a small and compact high
speed engine of maximum power in proportion to its size and weight, and adapted
more particularly for use as the engine or motor part of light, portable, manually
handled rotary tools of various characters, such as drills, flue cutters and rollers.
and the like. Its novelty consists in the various features of construction, arrange-
ment and combination of parts by which this object is attained, also in novel and
simple means for reversing the engine at will, and for changing the speed of the
tool without changing the speed of the engine; all as hereinafter more fully
explained.
In the accompanying drawings my invention has been illustrated as embodied
in a rotary drill, and in said drawings Fig. 1 represents what may be termed a
front elevation of the machine, with the lower part of the casing removed to
expose the gearing through which the tool shaft is driven from the engine shaft;
Fig. 1a longitudinal section through one of the two handles shown in Fig. 1,
illustrating the throttle valve for controlling the inlet of the motive fluid, and
the reversing gear; Fig. 1b a sectional detail on the line 1b-1b of Figs. 1 and 1ª.
showing the reversing slide and the rack and gear for operating it in elevation;
Fig. 2 a vertical section, partly in the plane indicated by the dotted line 2-2
on Fig. I and partly in the plane indicated by the dotted line - on Fig. 1, the
former being a middle vertical section through the tool shaft and three members
of the train of gearing, and the latter a section through the axis of oscillation of
the cylinders; Fig. 2 a horizontal section approximately on the line 2-2 of
Fig. 1, with the rear portion of the gear casing removed and the front portion in
place; Fig. 3 an enlarged detail view corresponding to Fig. 1, with the forward
side of the casing and the parts carried by it removed, to expose the cylinders and
crank shaft within the casing; Fig. 4 a vertical section approximately on the
line 44 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 a corresponding view on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3.
The same letters of reference are used to indicate corresponding parts in all
the views.
The cylinders and the engine shaft or crank shaft are inclosed within a casing A
of suitable shape, while a supplemental casing A' incloses the train of gearing
at the bottom of the casing A. Journalled at its opposite ends in bearings in
the casing A, Fig. 3, is a double crank shaft B to whose cranks are connected
the piston rods CC of a pair of oscillating engines 1) D whose trunnions are
journalled at their outer ends in bearings in the casing A and at their inner
ends in bearings in a support E projecting outward or forward from the casing A
between the two engines, Figs. 2, 4 and 5.
.
The crank shaft is and the outer trunnions of the engines are journalled in

page_text: ball bearings, the balls being confined in cups or housings F screwed into the
casing A as shown in Fig. 2.
Steam is admitted to the engines through a tubular handle G, Fig 1 which
handle has connected to its outer end a flexible hose H leading to the motive
fluid supply. At its inner end the tubular handle G is screwed into a slide I con-
fined in guideways upon the side of the casing in Figs. 1 and 3 and adapted to be
slid backwardly and forwardly therein. The handle G and its connection with
the slide I are shown in section in Fig. 1 and 5. Formed integral with the
slide I is an inwardly extending curved yoke J, which is hollow and whose
internal passage forms continuation of the passage in the handle G, Fig. 5. This
hollow yoke J extends over and around the middle support E between the two
engines, and down between said engines at its opposite ends in position for
ports K K' formed in its opposite sides at its opposite ends to co-operate with
ports L L formed in the side walls of the engine cylinders at the opposite ends
of the latter. The adjacent surfaces of the engine cylinders and yoke J at the
ports mentioned are properly shaped and finished to fit snugly together and form
co-operating valve faces.
Under this construction and arrangement of the parts the admission of motive
fluid through the handle G and hollow yoke will serve to drive the engines in
the usual manner. In Fig. 4 the engine D is taking motive fluid at its right
hand end, while its left hand end is open to the exhaust, so that the engine shaft
is being driven in the direction of the arrow, or will be so driven if motive
fluid is turned on. It will be observed, however, that if the yoke J should be
moved upward (in Fig. 4) until the ports K L were carried out of register and
the ports K L brought into register and motive fluid thereby admitted to the
port L' the piston will be driven toward the right, instead of toward the left, and
the direction of motion of the engine be reversed. This very simple method of
reversing the engine is provided for by adjustment of the slide I in its guideways
upon the casing A. As shown in the various views of the drawings the slide I
is in what may be termed its rearward position, having reference to Figs. 1 and 3;
but if it be slid forward (upward in Figs. 4 and 5) the yoke J will be carried
forward or upward, with the result of reversing the direction of motion of the
engine, as will be readily understood. Any suitable means for shifting the
slide I for this purpose may be employed without departing from this feature of
my invention. I have illustrated one convenient form of means, which may he
described as follows, reference being had to Figs. 1, 1 and 1. As there shown
the slide I is confined in place in its guideway in the casing A by two narrow
metal strips or plates M. N whose edges overlap the opposite edges of the slide I
and confine it in place. The plate M has gear teeth a formed upon its inner
edge, while the plate N has two notches b b formed in its inner edge, Fig. 1.
Mounted upon the tubular handle G is a sleeve O which at its inner end abuts
against the slide I and has formed upon its one side gear teeth a' meshing with
the rack a, and on its opposite side two projecting teeth c at some distance apart
adapted to co-operate with the notches in the plate N. A coiled spring d
surrounding the tubular handle G within the sleeve O and bearing at one end
against an internal shoulder on said sleeve and at its opposite end against a
collar e fast upon the handle, Fig. 1ª presses the sleeve toward the left, but
permits it to be slid to the right against the resistance of such spring, a flange
upon the collar limiting its movement in the latter direction. When the gear
teeth a¹ on the sleeve 0 are engaged with the rack on the plate M and one of the
teeth c, on the opposite side of the sleeve engaged with one of the notches b in
the plate N, the sleeve O will be locked from rotation, and the slide I likewise
locked in fixed position in its guideway. By sliding the sleeve O to the left to
its limit of movement, however, its tooth c will be disengaged from the notch
in the plate N, without disengaging its gear teeth a' from the rack of the
plate M (owing to the fact that the plate M and rack are considerably thicker
than the plate N, as shown), and when so disengaged the sleeve O may be turned

page_text: upon the tubular handle G. When so turned its gear a¹ will roll along the
rack a of the plate M and move the slide I along its guideway in the correspond-
ing direction. Thus, in Fig. 1b the turning of the sleeve O in the direction of
the arrow will raise the slide I and when it has reached its limit of movement the
lower tooth on the sleeve O will be brought opposite the upper notch bin the
plate M, and upon then releasing the sleeve O the coiled spring will force it to
the left against the slide I and engage said tooth and notch, and thereby lock the
parts in such position. This shifting of the slide I will reverse the engine in the
manner before explained.
The throttle valve P for controlling the supply of motive fluid is located in and
upon the tubular handle G a short distance to the right of the sleeve O; so that
the operator may at any time readily slip his hand from one to the other, turning
the throttle valve to cut off the motive fluid supply, then turning the sleeve O to
reverse the engine, and then turning the throttle valve back to admit the motive
fluid. The throttle valve P illustrated in the drawings is, in its general construc-
tion, of old and well known form, and need not be described further than to say
that by turning the outer sleeve of the valve to one position communication
between the passages entering the opposite ends of the valve is cut off, and by
turning the sleeve to its opposite position such communication is reestablished.
Secured to the opposite side of the casing A is another handle G¹, which in the
present instance is also hollow or tubular and constitutes one of the exhaust
openings from the casing A.
Having now described the engine or motor proper of the machine, it remains
to explain the train of gearing by which its power is transmitted to the tool
shaft. As shown in Fig. 3 the engine shaft B has secured upon its lower end,
beneath the main casing A, a pinion Q, which pinion, as shown in Fig. 2ª meshes
with a gear wheel R mounted on a stub shaft or spindle S secured in and depend-
ing from one end of a lever T fulcrumed upon the bottom of the casing A at U.
The gear R has fast upon its upper side a pinion V which meshes with a gear
fast upon the tool shaft X, which shaft has its bearing and support in a long
sleeve Y secured at its lower end to the outer or forward end of the lever T and
secured at its upper end to the forward end of an arm Z pivoted to the top of
the casing A at 71, Fig. 4.
W
It results from the foregoing train of speed reducing gearing between the
engine shaft B and the tool shaft X that the latter will be driven at a correspond-
ingly reduced rate of speed and proportionately greater power, as compared with
the engine shaft. If however, it be desired to drive the tool shaft at a higher
speed relatively to the speed of the engine shaft the lever T, arm Z, and con-
necting sleeve Y may be swung from the position shown in Fig. 2ª and the
gear R disengaged from the pinion Q and the gear W engaged directly with said
pinion thereby correspondingly increasing the rate of speed of the tool shaft.
For the purpose of holding the parts in these opposite positions of adjustment,
with the pinion Q of the engine shaft meshing either with the gear R or directly
with the gear W on the tool shaft, there is provided upon the top of the supple-
mental casing A' which incloses the gearing a spring pressed latch pin B¹ adapted
to cooperate at its inner end with two holes in the forward end of the lever T or
sleeve Y. When the parts are in one position, Fig. 2, this latch pin will be
engaged with the one of the two holes to maintain the parts in such position.
while if the parts are swung to their other position and the gear W engaged
directly with the pinion Q on the engine shaft the latch pin will be engaged with
the other of the two holes, to maintain the parts in this latter position. A pin
or finger piece B" projecting vertically from the latch pin B1 through a slot in its
housing furnishes a means for withdrawing the latch pin from engagement with
the holes when it is desired to shift the parts.
The tool shaft X in the present instance has secured upon its lower end an
internally threaded socket piece C adapted to receive the chucks or holders for
the different kinds of tools to be used with the machine. In Figs. 1 and 2 there

page_text: is shown at the top of the machine the usual force feeding device D¹¹ whose
screw engages an internally threaded nut E screwed into the upper end of the
sleeve Y is secured to the forward end of the arm Z.
As will be understood from the foregoing description I have produced an
exceedingly simple and compact engine of the character described, which is
capable at the same time of developing a high speed and great power relatively to
its size and weight, and have provided novel and simple means for reversing its
direction of motion at will, and for quickly changing the relative speed of the
tool shaft driven by it.
Dated this 2nd day of Febru 1899
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant,
Improvements in Motors for Portable Tools and the like.
I, JAMES WHITELAW, of the City of St. Louis, State of Missouri, in the United
States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention has for its object the production of a small and compact high
speed engine of maximum power in proportion to its size and weight, and adapted
more particularly for use as the engine or motor art of light, portable, manually-
handled rotary tools of various characters, such as drills, flue cutters and rollers.
and the like. Its novelty consists in the various features of construction, arrange-
ment and combination of parts by which this object is attained, also in novel and
simple means for reversing the engine at will, and for changing the speed of the
tool without changing the speed of the engine; all as hereinafter more fully
explained.
In the drawings left with my Provisional Specification my invention has been
illustrated as embodied in a rotary drill, and in said drawings Fig. 1 represents
what may be termed a front elevation of the machine, with the lower part of the
casing removed to expose the gearing through which the tool shaft is driven
from the engine shaft: Fig. 1 a longitudinal section through one of the two
handles shown in Fig. 1 illustrating the throttle valve for controlling the inlet of
the motive fluid, and the reversing gear; Fig. 1b a sectional detail on the
line 1 1 of Figs. 1 and 1ª, showing the reversing slide and the rack and gear
for operating it in elevation; Fig. 2 a vertical section, partly in the plane in-
dicated by the dotted line 2-2 on Fig. 1 and partly in the plane indicated by the
dotted line on Fig. 1, the former being a middle vertical section through
the tool shaft and three members of the train of gearing, and the latter a section
through the axis of oscillation of the cylinders: Fig. 2ª a horizontal section
approximately on the line 2-2ª of Fig. 1, with the rear portion of the gear
casing removed and the front portion in place; Fig. 3 an enlarged detail view
corresponding to Fig. 1, with the forward side of the casing and the parts carried
by it removed, to expose the cylinders and crank shaft within the casing; Fig. 4
a vertical section approximately on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 a corresponding
view on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3.
The same letters of reference are used to indicate corresponding parts in all
the views.
The cylinders and the engine shaft or crank shaft are inclosed within a casing A

page_text: of suitable shape, while a supplemental casing A¹ incloses the train of gearing at
the bottom of the casing A. Journalled at its opposite ends in bearings in the
casing A, Fig. 3 is a double crank shaft B to whose cranks are connected the
piston rods C C₁ of a pair of oscillating engines D 1 whose trunnions are
journalled at their outer ends in bearings in the casing A and at their inner ends
in bearings in a support E projecting outward or forward from the casing A
between the two engines Figs. 2, 4 and 5.
The crank-shaft B and the outer trunnions of the engines are journalled in ball
bearings, the balls being confined in cups or housings F screwed into the casing A
as shown in Fig. 2.
Steam is admitted to the engines through a tubular handle G, Fig. 1 which
handle has connected to its outer end a flexible hose H leading to the motive
fluid supply. At its inner end the tubular handle G is screwed into a slide I
confined in guideways upon the side of the casing in Figs. 1 and 3 and adapted
to he slid backwardly and forwardly therein. The handle G and its connection
with the slide I are shown in section in Figs 1 and 5. Formed integral with
the slide I is an inwardly extending curved yoke J, which is hollow and whose
internal passage forms continuation of the passage in the handle G Fig. 5. This
hollow yoke J extends partly around the middle support E between the two
cylinders D D and at each of its ends it has two ports K and K opposite to one
another in each of its two side walls. Each cylinder D D has two ports L L'
in its side surface near the yoke J, one port L being near one end of the cylinder
to cooperate with the corresponding port K on that side of the yoke J, and the
other port L being near the other end of the cylinder to co-operate with the
corresponding port K' on the same side of the yoke J. The adjacent surfaces of
the engine cylinders and yoke J at the ports mentioned are properly shaped and
finished to fit snugly together and form co-operating valve faces.
Under this construction and arrangement of the parts the admission of motive
fluid through the handle G and hollow voke J will serve to drive the engines in
the usual manner. In Fig. 4 the engine D is taking motive fluid at its right
hand end by coincidence of ports L and K while the nort L' at its left hand end
is open to exhaust into the casing A whence it may escape by any convenient
means so that the engine shaft is being driven in the direction of the arrow or
will be so driven if motive fluid is turned on. The rocking of the cylinder Das
the shaft B revolves a half stroke brings the port L' into coincidence with port Kl.
and the port L exhausts into the casing. The ports in the other cylinder ])'
are similar and the latter operates in the same way but its phases are not syn-
chronous with those of cylinder D.
It will be observed however, that should the yoke J be moved upwards from
the position shown in Fig. 4 until the line of the ports K K¹ is as far above the
centre of oscillation of the evlinders D D¹ as it is shown below such centre in
Figs. 4 and 5, then in the position of the cylinder in Fig. 4 the ports L' K¹ would
be in co-incidence and instead of the piston rod moving in the direction of the
arrow, it would move in the contrary direction and the motion of the engine
would be reversed. This very simple method of reversing the engine is provided
for by adjustment of the slide I in its guideways upon the casing A. As shown
in the various views of the drawings the slide I is in what may be termed its
rearward position, having reference to Figs. 1 and 3: but if it be slid forward
(upward in Figs. 4 and 5) the yoke J will be carried forward or upward, with
the result of reversing the direction of motion of the engine, as will be readily
understood. Any suitable means for shifting the slide I for this purpose may be
emploved without departing from this feature of my invention. I have illus-
trated one convenient form of means, which may be described as follows, reference
being had to Figs. 1, 1ª and 1. As there shown the slide I is confined in place in
its guideway in the casing A by two narrow metal strips or plates M N whose
edges overlap the opposite edges of the slide I and confine it in place. The
plate M has gear teeth a formed upon its inner edge, while the plate N has two

page_text: notches 6 formed in its inner edge, Fig. 1b. Mounted upon the tubular handle G
is a sleeve which at its inner end abuts against the slide I and has formed upon
its one side gear teeth a¹ mashing with a rack a, and on its opposite side
two projecting teeth cat some distance apart adapted to co-operate with the
notches in the plate N. A coiled spring d surrounding the tubular handle G
within the sleeve and bearing at one end against an internal shoulder on said
sleeve and at its opposite end against a collar e fast upon the handle, Fig. 1
presses the sleeve O toward the left, but permits it to be slid to the right against
the resistance of such spring, a flange upon the collar limiting its movement in
the latter direction. When the gear teeth a on the sleeve O are engaged with
the rack on the plate of and one of the teeth e, on the opposite side of the sleeve
engaged with one of the notches b in the plate N, the sleeve will be locked
from rotation, and the slide I likewise locked in fixed position in its guideway.
By sliding the sleeve O away from the engine to its limit of movement, however,
its tooth c will be disengaged from the notch in the plate N, without disengaging
its gear teeth a' from the rack of the plate M. (owing to the fact that the plate M
and rack are considerably thicker than the plate N, as shown, and when so dis-
engaged the sleeve O may be turned upon the tubular handle G. When so
turned its gear a will roll along the rack a of the plate M and move the slide I
along its guideway in the corresponding direction. Thus in Fig. 1b the turning
of the sleeve O in the direction of the arrow will raise the slide I and when it has
reached its limit of movement the lower tooth e on the sleeve will be brought
opposite the upper notch 6 in the plate M, and upon then releasing the sleeve O
the coiled spring will force it to the left against the slide I and engage said tooth
and notch, and thereby lock the parts in such position. This shifting of the
slide I will reverse the engine in the manner before explained.
The throttle valve P for controlling the supply of motive fluid is located in and
upon the tubular handle G a short distance to the right of the sleeve O, so that
the operator may at any time readily slip his hand from one to the other, turning
the throttle valve to cut off the motive fluid supply, then turning the sleeve O to
reverse the engine, and then turning the throttle valve back to admit the motive
fluid. The throttle valve P illustrated in the drawing is, in its general con-
struction, of old and well known form, and need not be described further than to
say that by turning the outer sleeve of the valve to one position communication
between the passages entering the opposite ends of the valve is cut off, and by
turning the sleeve to its opposite position such communication is re-established.
Secured to the opposite side of the casing A is another handle G¹, which in
the present instance is also hollow or tubular and constitutes one of the exhaust
openings from the casing A.
Having now described the engine or motor proper of the machine, it remains
to explain the train of gearing by which its power is transmitted to the tool
shaft. As shown in Fig. 3 the engine shaft B has secured upon its lower end,
beneath the main casing A, a pinion Q, which pinion, as shown in Fig. 2 meshes
with a gear wheel R mounted on a stub shaft or spindle S secured in and depend-
ing from one end of a lever T fulcrumed upon the bottom of the casing A at U.
The gear R has fast upon its upper side a pinion V which meshes with a gear W
fast upon the tool shaft X, which shaft has its bearing and support in a long
sleeve secured at its lower end to the outer or forward end of the lever T and
secured at its upper end to the forward end of an arm % pivoted to the top of
the casing A at Z, Fig. 4. The shaft X may bear upon ball bearings between an
enlarged shoulder on the shaft and the end of sleeve Y.
It results from the foregoing train of speed reducing gearing between the
engine shaft B and the tool shaft X that the latter will be driven at a corre-
spondingly reduced rate of speed and proportionately greater power, as compared
with the engine shaft. If however, it be desired to drive the tool shaft at a
higher sped relatively to the speed of the engine shaft the lever T, arm Z. and
connecting sleeve Y may be swung from the position shown in Fig. 2 and the

page_text: gear R disengaged from the pinion Q and the gear W engaged directly with
said pinion thereby correspondingly increasing the rate of speed of the tool
shaft.
For the purpose of holding the paris in these opposite positions of adjustment,
with the pinion Q of the engine shaft meshing either with the gear R or directly
with the gear W on the tool shaft, there is provided upon the top of the supple-
mental casing A which incloses the gearing a spring pressed latch pin 13 adapted
to co-operate at its inner end with two holes in the forward end of the lever T or
sleeve Σ. When the parts are in one position, Fig. 2, this latch pin will be
engaged with the one of the two holes to maintain the parts in such position,
while if the parts are swung to their other position and the gear W engaged
directly with the pinion Q on the engine shaft the latch pin will be engaged
with the other of the two holes, to maintain the parts in this latter position. A
pin or finger piece B projecting vertically from the latch pin B through a slot
in its housing furnishes a means for withdrawing the latch pin from engagement
with the holes when it is desired to shift the parts.
The tool shaft. in the present instance has secured upon its lower end an
internally threaded socket piece C adapted to receive the chucks or holders for
the different kinds of tools to be used with the machine. In Figs. 1 and 2 there
is shown at the top of the machine the usual force feeding device Dи whose
screw engages an internally threaded nut E screwed into the upper end of the
sleeve Y
As will be understood from the foregoing description I have produced an
exceedingly simple and compact engine of the character described, which is
capable at the same time of developing a high rate speed and great power rela-
tively to its size and weight, and have provided novel and simple means for
reversing its direction of motion at will, and for quickly changing the relative
speed of the tool shaft driven by it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is: --
1. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a casing, a
double crank-shaft journalled therein, a pair of oscillating engines also mounted
therein and having their piston rods connected to the cranks of said shaft and
a tool-shaft mounted parallel with the crank-shaft and geared to the latter,
substantially as described.
2. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a casing, a
double crank-shaft journalled therein a pair of oscillating engines also mounted
therein and having their piston-rods connected to the cranks of said shaft, a tool-
shaft parallel with the crank-shaft, and a train of speed-reducing gear inter-
mediate the two shafts, substantially as described.
3. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a casing, a
double crank-shaft journalled therein a pair of oscillating engines also mounted
therein and having their piston-rods connected to the cranks of said shaft, a
pinion fast upon the outer end of the crank-shaft, a gear mounted upon a stub-
shaft at the side of said pinion and meshing therewith a second pinion secured to
said gear and a tool shaft mounted parallel with the crank-shaft and having
secured to it a gear meshing with said last-mentioned pinion, substantially as
described.
4. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a casing, a
double-crank shaft journalled therein, a pair of oscillating engines also mounted
therein and having their piston rods connected to the cranks of said shaft, a tool
shaft mounted parallel with the crank-shaft, a train of gears intermediate the two
shafts, and means for shifting the relative positions of the gears for the purpose
of gearing the tool-shaft more or less directly to the crank-shaft, and thereby
increasing or decreasing its speed relatively to that of the crank-shaft, sub-
stantially as described.

page_text: 5. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a casing, a
double crank-shaft journalled therein a pair of oscillating engines also mounted
therein and having their piston-rods connected to the cranks of said shaft, a tool-
shaft mounted in movable supports parallel to the crank-shaft, and a train of
gears intermediate the two shafts, whereby the tool-shaft may be shifted from one
position to another and thereby geared more or less directly to the crank-shaft,
and its speed relatively to that of the crank-shaft correspondingly increased or
decreased, substantially as described.
6. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a casing, a
double crank-shaft journalled therein, a pair of oscillating engines also mounted
therein and having their piston-rods connected to the cranks of said shaft, a
pinion secured upon the outer end of the crank-shaft, a tool-shaft mounted
parallel to the crank-shaft in a movable support, a second gear mounted upon
the movable support of the tool-shaft, and a pinion turning with said last-
mentioned gear and meshing with that upon the tool-shaft, the
ment of the tool-shaft from one position to another serving to engage one or
the other of the gears with the pinion upon the crank-shaft and thereby gear
the tool-shaft either directly or indirectly to the crank-shaft substantially as
described.
move-
7. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a casing, a
double crank-shaft journalled therein, a pair of oscillating engines also mounted
therein and having their piston-rods connected to the cranks of said shaft, a
pinion fast upon the outer end of the crank-shaft, a lever fulcrumed upon the
end of the casing adjacent said pinion, a tool-shaft mounted parallel with the
crank-shaft in a bearing carried by the forward end of said lever, a gear fast
upon the tool-shaft, and a gear and pinion mounted upon a stub-shaft carried by
the rear end of said lever, said pinion meshing with the gear upon the tool-shaft,
whereby upon rocking said lever to one position the gear upon the tool-shaft may
be engaged directly with the pinion upon the crank-shaft, and upon rocking it to
its opposite position the gear upon the tool-shaft be disengaged from the pinion
on the crank-shaft and the gear upon the stub-shaft engaged therewith, substan-
tially as described.
8. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a casing, a
double crank-shaft journalled therein, a pair of oscillating engines also mounted
therein and having their piston-rods connected to the cranks of said shaft, a
pinion secured upon the outer end of the crank-shaft, a lever fulcrumed upon
the bottom of the casing, an arm pivoted to the top of the casing, a long sleeve or
tubular bearing rigidly connecting the forward ends of said lever and arm, a
tool-shaft mounted in said sleeve or bearing, a gear secured to said tool-shaft, and
a gear and pinion mounted upon a stub-shaft carried by the rear end of the
lever, said pinion turning with the gear and meshing with the gear upon the
tool-shaft, whereby upon rocking the lever and arm in one direction the gear
upon the tool-shaft will be engaged directly with the pinion upon the crank-
shaft, and upon rocking them in the opposite direction it will be disengaged
therefrom and the gear upon the stub-shaft engaged with the pinion upon the
crank-shaft, substantially as described.
9. in a machine of the character described, a rotary engine-shaft driven by the
engine or motor of the machine, a tool-shaft mounted parallel with the engine
shaft in a movable support, and a train of speed-reducing gears intermediate the
two shafts, whereby the movable support of the tool-shaft permits it to be shifted
relatively to the engine-shaft and geared directly or indirectly thereto, for the
purpose of varying its speed relatively to that of the engine-shaft, substantially
as described.
10. In a machine of the character described, a rotary engine-shaft driven by
the engine or motor of the machine, a tool-shaft mounted parallel with the
engine-shaft in a movable support, a train of speed-reducing gears intermediate

page_text: the two shafts, the movable support of the tool-shaft permitting it to be shifted
so as to gear it directly or indirectly with the engine-shaft, and a latch or locking
device co-operating with the movable support of the tool-shaft for holding it in
its opposite shifted positions, substantially as described.
11. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a rotary engine
shaft driven by the engine or motor of the machine, a pinion fast upon said shaft,
a tool-shaft mounted in a bearing carried by one end of a rocking lever, and a
gear and pinion mounted upon a stub-shaft carried by the opposite end of said
lever, said pinion turning with said gear and meshing with the gear upon the
tool-shaft, whereby upon rocking said lever in one direction the gear upon the
tool-shaft may be engaged directly with the pinion on the engine-shaft, and upon
rocking it in the opposite direction it may be disengaged therefrom and the gear
upon the stub-shaft engaged with said pinion, substantially as described.
12. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a rotary engine-
shaft driven by the engine or motor of the machine, a pinion fast upon said
shaft, a tool-shaft mounted in a bearing carried by one end of a rocking lever,
and a gear and pinion mounted upon a stub-shaft carried by the opposite end
of said lever, said pinion turning with said gear and meshing with the gear
upon the tool-shaft, whereby upon rocking said lever in one direction the gear
upon the tool-shaft may be engaged directly with the pinion on the engine-
shaft, and upon rocking it in the opposite direction it may be disengaged there-
from and the gear upon the stub-shaft engaged with said pinion, and a latch or
locking device co-operating with said lever and tool-shaft to hold them in their
opposite positions, substantially as described.
13. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a casing, a
double crank-shaft journailed therein, a pair of oscillating engines also journalled
therein and having their piston-rods connected to the cranks of said shaft, a
pinion fast upon the outer end of said shaft, a lever fulcrumed upon the end of
the casing adjacent said pinion, a tool-shaft mounted parallel with the crank-
shaft in a support or bearing carried by the forward end of said lever, a gear
fast upon said tool-shaft a second gear and pinion mounted upon a stub-shaft
carried by the rear end of said lever, said pinion turning with said gear and
meshing with the gear upon the tool-shaft, whereby upon rocking said lever in
one direction the gear upon the tool-shaft may be engaged directly with the
pinion on the crank-shaft, and upon rocking it in the opposite direction said gear
may be disengaged from said pinion and the gear upon the stub-shaft engaged
with said pinion, and a latch or locking device mounted upon the casing co-
operating with the support for the tool-shaft to hold the latter in its opposite
positions.
14. In a machine of the character described, the combination of the casing A,
the crank-shaft B journalled therein, the oscillating engines D and I also
journalled therein and having their piston-rods C C connected to the cranks of
the shaft B, the pinion Q fast upon the outer end of the shaft B, the lever T
fulcrumed upon the bottom of the casing A and the arm Z pivoted to the top of
said casing, the sleeve or tubular bearing Y rigidly secured at its lower end to
the forward end of the lever T and at its upper end to the forward
-end of the arm %, the tool-shaft X journalled in said sleeve 01'
bearing Y, the gear W fast upon said tool-shaft X, the gear R and pinion V
turning together upon the stub-shaft S carried by the rear end of the lever T,
the pinion meshing with the gear W upon the tool-shaft, and the rocking of
the lever T and arm Z in one direction serving to engage the gear W directly
with the pinion Q upon the crank-shaft, and the rocking of them in the opposite
direction serving to disengage said gear from said pinion and engage the gear R
with said pinion, substantially as described.
15. In a machine of the character described, the combination of the casing A,
the crank-shaft B journalled therein, the oscillating engines D and D₁ also
journalled therein and having their piston rods C₁ connected to the cranks of

page_text: the shaft B, the pinion Q fast upon the outer end of the shaft B, the lever T
fulcrumed upon the bottom of the casing A and the arm Z pivoted to the top
of said casing, the sleeve or tubular bearing Y rigidly secured at its lower end
to the forward end of the lever T and at its upper end to the forward end of
the arm Z, the tool-shaft X journalled in said sleeve or bearing Y, the gear W
fast upon said tool-shaft X, the gear R and pinion V turning together upon the
stub-shaft S carried by the rear end of the lever T, the pinion V meshing
with the gear W upon the tool shaft, and the rocking of the lever T and arm Z
in one direction serving to engage the gear W directly with the pinion Q upon
the crank-shaft, and the rocking of them in the opposite direction serving to
disengage said gear from said pinion, and engage the gear R with said pinion,
and the spring latch-pin B' mounted upon the casing and co-operating with the
lever T to hold the latter and the parts carried by it in their opposite positions,
substantially as described.
16. The combination of the crank-shaft B, the oscillating engine D having the
ports L L near its opposite ends, and the adjustable yoke J containing the inlet
passage for the motive fluid and provided with the ports K K¹ adapted to co-
operate with the ports L L¹, whereby upon adjusting said yoke from one position
to another the engine may be reversed as described.
17. The combination of the casing A, the crank-shaft B, the oscillating
engine having the ports L L' near its opposite ends, the slide I, the yoke J
carried by the slide I and having the inlet passage for the niotive fluid and the
ports KK co-operating with the ports L L', and means for adjusting the slide I
for the purpose of reversing the engine, substantially as described.
18. The combination of the casing A, crank-shaft B, oscillating engine D
having ports L L' near its opposite ends, slide I, tubular handle G secured thereto,
the hollow yoke J carried by the slide I and provided with the ports K K¹,
and means carried by the handle G for adjusting the slide I to reverse the engine,
substantially as described.
19. The combination of the casing A, crank-shaft B, oscillating engine D
having the ports L LI, slide I mounted in a guide-way upon the casing A, the
hollow yoke J carried by the slide I and having the ports KK¹ co-operating
with the ports L L', the tubular handle G secured in the slide I, the sleeve U
mounted upon the handle G and provided with the teeth a', and the fixed rack a
co-operating with said teeth on the sleeve O, substantially as described.
20. The combination of the casing A, crank-shaft B, oscillating engine D
having the ports L L', slide I mounted in a guide-way upon the casing A, the
fixed rack and the enlarged plate N on opposite sides of said guide-way, and
the sleeve mounted upon the handle G and having upon the one side the
teeth a¹, co-operating with the rack a, and upon its opposite side the teeth c co-
operating with notches in the plate N, substantially as described.
21. The combination of the casing A, crank-shaft B, oscillating engine I)
having the ports L L', slide I mounted in a guide-way upon the casing A, the
fixed rack and the enlarged plate N at opposite sides of said guide-way, the
sleeve O mounted upon the handle G and having upon the one side the teeth a',
co-operating with the rack a, and upon its opposite side the teeth c co-operating
with notches in the plate N, the collar e fast upon the handle G, and the coiled
spring & surrounding the handle G within the sleeve 0, substantially as described.
22. The combination of the pair of oscillating engines D D provided with the
ports L L upon their adjacent sides and near their opposite ends, and the ad-
justable yoke J intermediate said engines, containing the inlet passage for the
motive fluid and provided with the ports K K' co-operating with the ports L LI
of both engines, whereby the direction of motion of the engines may be reversed
by adjusting the yoke J, substantially as described.
23. The combination of the casing A, double crank-shaft B, pair of oscillating
engines D D having the parts L L upon their adjacent sides near their opposite
ends, the slide I mounted in a guide-way upon the casing A, the hollow yoke J

page_text: carried by the slide I and having the ports K K' adapted to co-operate with the
ports L L of both engines, and means for adjusting the slide I in its guide-way
for the purpose of reversing the direction of motion of the engines, substantially
as described.
24. In a machine such as described, the combination of the casing A, the
rotary engine-shaft B, the vertical sleeve or extended bearing Y mounted upon
the forward side of the casing A parallel with the shaft B, the tool shaft X
having its bearing in said sleeve and geared to the -shaft B, the force-feeding
device at the upper end of the sleeve Y, and the ball-bearings intermediate
the lower end of said sleeve and annular shoulder formed upon the tool-shaft X,
substantially as described.
1000
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London.