IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MEANS EMPLOYED FOR FREEZING OR COOLING FLUIDS OR OTHER MATTERS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Macarthy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th June
1864. A communication from abroad by Edward Preble Torrey,
residing at New York, in the United States of America.
I, JOHN MACARTHY, of Alderney Road, Mile End, in the County of Middle-
sex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS OR MEANS EMPLOYED FOR FREEZING OR COOLING FLUIDS OR OTHER
MATTERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in that description of freezing and
cooling apparatus wherein mixtures of ice and salt or other freezing or cooling
mixtures or compounds are employed, such mixtures being placed in contact
with or surrounding the vessel containing the cream, water, or other matters.
to be frozen or cooled, and in which a rotating beater revolves. Usually in
apparatus of this character the freezing or cooling mixtures employed
have been allowed to remain in a state of rest when placed in the vessel
surrounding the fluids or matters to be frozen or cooled, and one part of these
improvements consists in the arrangement and application of an arm (or arms)
to the axis of the rotating beater which agitates the mixture of ice and salt, or
other freezing mixture, and thus causes the freezing mixture to circulate in
contact with the external surface of the vessel containing the fluid or matters
to be frozen or cooled. Instruments of various kinds and forms have been
employed for the purpose of agitating or stirring the fluids or matters to be
frozen or cooled, but hitherto such instruments have not been suitably arranged

page_text: for effectually removing or displacing (in their movement or rotation) the
cooled or frozen particles upon or in close contact with the inner surface of
the vessel containing the fluids or matters to be frozen, and part of these
improvements consists in causing one part of the beater to act against the
inner surface of the vessel containing the fluids or matters to be frozen or
cooled so as to thoroughly remove or scrape off the cooled or frozen particles
as fast as produced, by which means the freezing mixture will act more effec-
tively in lowering the temperature of the fluids or matters to be frozen or
cooled, and much time and labor will be economized. The arrangement
of apparatus preferred in carrying out these improvements consists of a
circular vessel or pail, within which another and much smaller circular
vessel (containing the fluid or matter to be frozen or cooled) is supported,
as is well understood in other arrangements of freezing apparatus.
The
inner vessel is formed with a central pivot which rests in a central socket
formed in a bar across the bottom of the outer vessel. Within the central
vessel an axis is mounted which carries a beater combined with a scraper (by
preference of wood to prevent metallic contact) to act upon the contents and
against the inner circumference of the central vessel as previously described.
The central axis also carries an arm (or arms) which rotate in the chamber
or space between the inner and outer vessels in which the ice and salt or
other freezing mixture is placed so as to thoroughly agitate the same whilst
the process of cooling or freezing is going on. The inner vessel when placed
in the outer one is secured in its position by turning it partly round so as to
cause its feet or other projections to engage with the bar at the bottom of
the outer vessel or to connect it by other means thereto to prevent it from
rising or floating when the freezing mixture is placed in the outer vessel.
Motion is communicated to the central axis and to the beater, scraper, and
agitator fixed thereon by means of a crank handle fixed on the upper end, or
by any other suitable mechanism. Apparatus arranged and combined as
above described will be found to act with much greater rapidity and with less
labor for cooling and freezing fluid or other matters than other arrangements
of apparatus of similiar character hitherto employed for this purpose.