IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR VENTILATION OF BUILDINGS, MINES, SHIPS, AND OTHER SIMILAR PLACES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Baptiste Papier, of Tram Yard, Gillet Street,
Kingsland Road, in the County of Middlesex, Ventilating Engineer, for an
Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR VENTILATION OF BUILDINGS, MINES,
SHIPS, AND OTHER SIMILAR PLACES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Baptiste Papier at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th April 1880.
JOHN BAPTISTE PAPIER, of Tram Yard, Gillet Street, Kingsland Road, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR VENTILATION OF BUILDINGS,
MINES, SHIPS, AND OTHER SIMILAR PLACES."
This Invention, which consists of an apparatus made in zinc, terra-cotta, or any
other suitable material, I describe as follows:-
A cylinder or truncated pipe, to which on the outside and upper base are attached
all round funnel mouths, trumpet or any other suitable shape, which are connected
by pipes to the inner main cylinder or body. These pipes are parallel to the main
shaft, and are all rounded at the ends on the outer surface in one direction, and parallel
to the outer surface on the same side by a curve of 90 degrees, and these pipes are
continued obliquely upwards into the main shaft along the inner surface to admit
the atmospheric pressure from the funnel mouths into the main shaft at a suitable
angle along the inner surface, so as to obtain the ejection of air in a spiral form on
the principle of physical kinetic force, and the vitiated air is drawn out on the
principle by which Archimedes expelled water with his screw.
The funnel shaped mouths could also be placed around the lower base of the
main cylinder to admit the atmospheric pressure into the main shaft direct and
upwards and inclined at an angle to obtain the suitable spiral.
Every alternate funnel mouth when applied at the upper base of the main
chamber could be either terminated as first described or turned simply upwards
into the main cylinder.
In cases where steam is at hand a jet or jets could be utilized to make the
required spiral by giving the necessary inclination along the inner surface of the
apparatus.

page_text: The main body can be surmounted by a hollow ball in which the air ejected ns
before described will give a rotary movement.
To exclude rain I apply a conical or spherical scull cap with a flat base above
the main apparatus if required.
In the case where fresh heated air is required I bring a pipe.over the chimney of
the gas or lanp, which pipe before leading it outside or into the chimney I have
bent into a coil, and from the outside I bring fresh air into the cylinder formed by
the coil of pipe, and to get the air heated agreeably I employ alternate shelves in
the cylinder to lengthen its travel before it is let free in the room.
The supply can
be stopped at pleasure by a common valve.
.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Jean Baptiste Papier in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th
October 1880.
JEAN BAPTISTE PAPIER, of Gillet Street, Kingsland, in the County of Middlesex,
Ventilating Engineer. "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE VENTILATION OF
BUILDINGS, MINES, SHIPS, AND OTHER SIMILAR PLACES.".
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus to be applied for the
ventilation of buildings, mines, ships, and other similar places.
The apparatus might be manufactured in zinc, terra cotta, or other suitablo
materials or metals.
Fig. 1. A cylinder or truncated cone A, B, C, D; to the outside, and around the
upper base A, B, are attached funnel, trumpet, or other suitably shaped mouths a
which are terminated with pipes 6 parallel to the axis x, y, of the apparatus, and
are all rounded off at the end in one direction on the outer surface in a curve
of 90° C, and these pipes are continued from the end d in an oblique upward curved
passage e and along the inner surface of the apparatus. The air received by 'the
mouths a is carried down the outer tubes 6, is compressed by the narrowing
passage e, enters the apparatus along the inner surface with increased force, where
it ejects itself in the form of a screw in the same manner as water in an ordinary
closet pan, or like the ball in a rifle.
Fig. 2. The funnel shaped mouths a¹ could also be placed around the lower base
of the main apparatus to admit the atmospheric pressure direct and obliquely by
passage e' into the apparatus so as to obtain the required spiral. Every alternate
funnel mouth when applied at the upper base of the main chamber could be either
terminated as first described, or the pipes attached to them could be turned into the
apparatus by means of a semi circular opening f upwards and parallel to the axis
of the apparatus, by which the compressed air is ejected with increased force, and
the other funnel mouths turned direct and upward into the apparatus.
The whole is surmounted by a truncated cone E of which the larger base might
be attached to the mouths a, or placed a little higher than tho mouths to permit of
another means of exit than the upper base F, G, which is equal in diameter to the
main body in A B, Fig. 1.
Fig. 2. Where steam is at hand I bring a jet k or jets either from the supply or
exhaust and inject it at the lower base obliquely upwards along the inner surface
of the main body, and thus obtain a steam screw, or along a curved surface placed
and fixed to the interior of the apparatus.
To obtain a propeller like action a jet of steam is injected horizontally along the
inner surface of the main shaft, or the apparatus might in this case be a ball or
hollow spherical ring, and the injection inade in a similar manner. By the two
last named modes of injection I do away with the nuisance of black smoke which
the steam will wash.
In cases where gas or other explosive substance is used as the motive power I
apply the exhaust and inject the same into the shaft at an angle to obtain the
desired screw.
A small gutter H, J, is fixed at the lower interior base of the apparatus with an
exit for condensed steam or water.
Fig. 2. When an injection jet K' of air or steam is applied at the upper base A, B,
and turned downwards at an angle, I screw fresh air into any building or other
place, and in like manner the vapours, gases, or other atmosphere in one apartment
could be screwed into any other.
To exclude rain I apply a conical or spherical skull cap with a flat base above the
main apparatus if required.

page_text: In cases where the ventilator as described above would be objectionable as
disfiguring the architectural outline of a building, I effect the ventilation of such
buildings in the following way:-
Fig. 3. On both sides of the roof near the ridge I make rectangular openings for
the exit of foul air, and provide against the downdraught and the admittance of
rain by parallel inward and upward turned deflecting plates pq, p¹ q', p¹¹ q", and
having the lower base pq, p¹ q', p" 9", &c., flush with the roof line.
At or near
the base of the roof, and in a line with the exits on both sides, I bring fresh air in
by means of rectangular openings in the sides of the roof. To the lower base o, r,
is attached a plate having an inward and upward curve of 90° along the inner
surface of the roof, the spaces m, o, 8, and n, r, t, being closed by a flat plate, Fig. 4.
In cases where fresh heated air is required I bring a pipe over the chimney of
the gas or lamp, which pipe before lending it outside or into the chimney I have
bent into a coil, and from the outside I bring fresh air into the cylinder formed by
the coil of pipes, and to get the air heated agreeably I employ alternate shelves in
the cylinder to lengthen the distance it has to travel before it is freed into the room.
The supply can be stopped at pleasure by a cominon valve.
Fig. 5. Cold fresh air can be admitted through an inlet through the wall and
turned into the room by means of a curve of 90°. This air can be freed from all
impurities by intercepting the same by two inclined frames w, w', covered with
woollen or other netting, the one attached at the lower base and the other at the
upper base, both at an angle of 45°, and inclined inwards towards the room, each
frame reaching about the mid height of the air passage; this air passage can be
closed at will by a common cover.
I claim an injection of air, steam, gas or gases at an angle upwards into a
cylinder or truncated cone to eject itself in the form of a screw or spiral to obtain
an ascending current.
I claim also the injection horizontal into a cylinder, hollow open ball, or hollow
ring to obtain the propeller action and wash smoke or other noxious vapour.
I claim also an injection of air, steam, gas or gases obliquely and downwards to
obtain a descending current.
11
1 claim also the exit flush with the roof pq, p¹g', p" 9", and the admittance of
fresh air into roof by a rectangular or other suitably shaped opening flush with
roof m, n, o, r, t, 8.
I claim also the mode of heating and purifying the air by the means above
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jean Baptiste Papier, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.