IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS."
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Galloway and John Galloway, both of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS."'
Sealed the 28th May 1861, and dated the 3rd December 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Galloway.and
John Galloway at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents .with
their Petition, on the 3rd December 1860.
We, WILLIAM GALLOWAY and JOHN GALLOWAY, both of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:—
Our Invention relates to improvements in steam boilers of a form originally
described, we believe, in the Specification of a Patent granted to David
Napier on the Ninth day of August, One thousand eight hundred and
forty-two, No. 9489. In these boilers an outer shell, generally of cylindrical
form, with dome top, contains a cylindrical fire-box, at or near the bottom of
which are the fire-bars. From the centre of the top of the fire-box the
chimney is conducted upwards through the outer shell. Inside the fire-box,
and a little distance above the fire, is a shallow eircular box, connected by a
number of small vertical tubes with the top of the fire-box, and also connected
at one or more points with some part of the water casing, so as to promote
circulation through the tubes. The flame strikes first against the bottom of

page_text: the shallow box, and passes round its edge and among the small tubes, and
then ascends the chimney. The flame has thus too short and uninterrupted
a course to the chimney, and the heat is not fully extracted from it. By
our improvements we bring the foot of the chimney down to the shallow
box or chamber, and surround it with a water casing, through the lower
part of which four apertures or passages, more or less, are made for the
flame to enter the chimney, the flame is thus better retained, and distributed
amongst the tubes. In the centre of the chimney we introduce a conical
or parallel water tube or pipe, which is connected to the shallow box at
bottom, and to the sides of the chimney by branch pipes at top. We make
the fire-box of rather smaller diameter at top than at bottom, so that the
sides present an inclined surface to the flame. We connect the shallow
box with the sides of the fire-box at one or more places, and arrange for
the free circulation of the water from the upper part of the boiler to the
box. The connections between the shallow box and the sides of the fire-
box may be extended under the shallow box and down through the fire-bars,
and the fire may thus be divided into two, three, or more separate fires
with separate fire-doors. This form of boiler may be used in combination
with our conical water tubes or water tube boilers, if desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Galloway and John Galloway in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 1st June 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
GALLOWAY and JOHN GALLOWAY, both of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give aud grant unto us, the
said William Galloway and John Galloway, Her special licence that we, the
said William Galloway and John Galloway, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as wo, the said William Galloway and Johu
Galloway, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,

page_text: the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM BOILERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William
Galloway and John Galloway, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand .and
seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Galloway, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement thereof, that is to say :-
Our Invention relates to improvements in steam.boilers of a form originally
described, we believe, in the Specification of a Patent granted to David
Napier on the Ninth day of August, One thousand eight. hundred and
forty-two, No. 9439. In these boilers an outer shell, generally of cylindrical
form, with dome top, contains a cylindrical fire-box, at or near the bottom of
which are the fire-bars. From the centre of the top of the fire-box the
chimney is conducted upwards through the outer shell. Inside the fire-box,
and a little distance above the fire, is a shallow circular box connected by a
number of small vertical tubes with the top of the fire-box, and also connected
at one or more points with some part of the water casing, so as to promote
circulation through the tubes. The flame strikes first against the bottom of
the shallow box, and passes round its edge and among the.small tubes, and
then ascends the chimney; the flame has thus too short and uninterrupted.a
course to the chimney, and the heat is not fully extracted from it. By our
improvements we bring the foot of the chimney down to the shallow box.or
chamber, and surround if with a water casing, through the lower part of
which four apertures or passages, inore or less, are made for the flame to
enter the chimney, the flame is thus better retained, and distributed amongst
the tubes. In the centre of the chimney we introduce a conical or parallel
water tube or pipe, which is connected to the shallow box at bottom, and to
the sides of the chimney by branch pipes at top. We make the fire-box.of
rather smaller diameter at top than at bottom, so that the sides present an
inclined surface to the flame. We connect the shallow box with the sides of
the fire-box at one or more places, and arrange for the free circulation of the-
water from the upper part of the boiler to the box. The connections between
the shallow box and the sides of the fire-box may be extended under the

page_text: shallow box aud down through the fire-bars, and the fire may thus be divided
into two, three, or more separate fires with separate fire-doors. We also
employ this form of boiler in combination with our conical water tubes or
water-tube boiler.
But in order that our Invention may be more easily understood and
readily carried into effect, we will now describe the best means we are
acquainted with of performing the same, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings.
Figures 1 and 2, on Sheet I., represent one arrangement of our improved
boiler. Figure 1 is a transverse section, and Figure 2 is a sectional plan.
The same letters represent the same parts in both Figures.
A, A, are the fire-grates; B is the shallow box or chamber communicating,
by means of the water passages b, b, b, b, with the sides C, C, of the boiler,
while the small tubes c, c, c, being fixed to the upper side of the chamber B
and to the top of the fire-box, establish a communication between the interior
of the aforesaid chamber B and the upper part of the boiler; D is the
chimney, which is continued downwards to the top of the shallow box B,
and which is provided with the water casing d, in which are formed the
apertures ff, for the passage of the draft from the fire grates A, A. In the
centre of the chimney D is fixed the conical tube E, communicating at
the bottom with the chamber B, and at the top by means of the branch
pipes e, e, with the upper part C¹ of the boiler. A cover is provided at the
top, which may be removed for the purpose of cleaning the chamber B. By
means of this pipe E, as also by means of the small pipes c, c, c, and the water
passages b, b, b, b, a continuous circulation is effected between the water in
the body of the boiler and that in the chamber B, and by bringing the
chimney D down to the top of this chamber, as indicated, the heat is better
retained among the tubes c, c, and thus operates more effectually in raising
steam in the boiler. By incliuing the sides g of the fire-box, os shown, the
heat from the furnace is also absorbed more effectually by the same, and the
evaporative power of the boiler is increased. The tire-grate A is divided into
four separate furnaces by the passages b, b, b, b, connecting the sides of the
boiler with the shallow chamber, and each furnace is provided with a separate
fire-door a, a, a, a. The other details are precisely similar to Napier's boiler,
herein-before mentioned, and require no further description.
Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, on Sheet I. of the accompanying Drawings, repre-
sent a combination of the before-described boiler with our patent boiler with
conical water tubes, for which Letters Patent were granted to us, bearing
date 11th March 1851, No. 13,552. Figure 3 shews a longitudinal section

page_text: through the boiler; Figure 4 shews a sectional plan; and Figures 5 and 6
are transverse sections.
.
A, A, are two fire-grates separated by the water passage b, connecting the
shallow chamber B with the sides C, C, of the front portion of the boiler;
c, c, c, are small tubes, by which a communication is established between the
water in the upper part C' of the boiler and that in the shallow chambor B;
c', c, are larger conical tubes for the same purpose. The flue D is brought
down to the top of the shallow chamber B, and is provided with a water
casing d, in which are formed the openings f. f. for the passage of the flame.
The flue D, instead of passing up vertically through the top of the boiler,as
in the before-described arrangement, is formed so as to pass through the
horizontal cylindrical portion C of the boiler, where it is of a flat elliptical
shape, as shewn in the transverse section at Figure 6. In this flue are fixed
a number of conical water tubes F,for the particular construction and arrange-
ment ofwhich Letters Patent have already been granted to us,as herein-before
inentioned. A similar conical water tube E connects the centre of the shallow
chamber B with the upper part of the boiler C', and this tube, together with
the passages b, b, and small tubes c, c, c, effect the perfect circulation of the
water in the boiler Cand chamber B. The flame from the fire grates A, A,
after passing round the shallow chamber B and in between the small
tubes c, c, and conical tubes c', escapes through the openings f, f, into the
flue D, where it imparts heat to the conical tubes E and F, F. The heat
from the furnace is thus very effectually absorbed by the large amount of
heating surface exposed to the action of the flame.
On Sheet II., Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, is represented another arrangement of our
improved boiler,differing slightly from the arrangement as shewn in Sheet I.,
Figures 3, 4, 5, 6. Figure 1 is a longitudinal section; Figure 2 is a
sectional plan; and Figures 3 and 4 are transverse sections.
A, A, are the fire-grates; a, a, the fire-doors; B is the shallow chamber
connected with the sides C,C, and the upper part C' of the boiler by the water
passages b, b, and small tubes c, c, as also by the conical tubes F¹; F', F¹,
placed inside the flue D. The flue D is enclosed inside the fire-box by the
water casing d. provided with the openings f.f, for the entrance of the flaine
into the flue. This flue is of a flat elliptical section, as shewn in Figure 4,
and passes through the horizontal cylindrical portion of the boiler C³, where
it is provided with a number of conical water tubes F, F,.for absorbing the
heat from the furnace more effectually.
Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, on Sheet II., shew a. further modification of this
description of boiler. Figure 5 shews a longitudinal section; Figure 6, a

page_text: sectional plan; Figures 7 and 8 are transverse sections. Here tho flue Dis
not enclosed in the fire-box, and the flame, after passing round the shallow
chamber B, and amongst the tubes c, c, c, and c³, enters directly into the flue
D, where its heat is further absorbed by the water contained in the conical
tubes F, F.
A, A, are the fire-grates; a, a, the fire-doors; b, b, the water passages for
the circulation of the water in the chamber B and sides C, C, of the boiler.
Another arrangement of our improved boiler is shewn on Sheet III. of the
accompanying Drawings. Figure 1 is a longitudinal section; Figure 2 is a
sectional plan; and Figures 3 and 4 are transverse sections. In this arrange-
mont the shallow chamber B and firo-box G are rectangular on plan, instead
of circular, as shewn in the before-described arrangements, and the whole
of one side of the chamber B is open, and communicates with the body of
the boiler C.
A, A, are the fire-grates, and a, a, the fire-doors. The fire grates are
separated by the water passages b,b, connecting the chamber B with the sides
of the boiler. The top of the chamber B is connected to the upper part C¹ of
the boiler by a number of small water tubes c, c, c, as also by the conical
tubes F, F, by which means a perfect circulation of the water in the
chamber B is effected. The flat elliptical flue D, in which are fixed the
conical water tubes F, F, is contracted where it joins the space over
the chamber B, in order that the heat may be more effectually retained
among the small tubes c, c, c, and conical tubes F. The flames from the
furnaces pass round three sides of the chamber B, and after giving off
the greater portion of their heat to the tubes c, c, c, and F, F, pass
into the flue D, where their heat is still further absorbed by the conical
tubes F, F.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we do not
limit ourselves to the exact details as shewn on the accompanying Drawings,
as these may be variously modified according to circumstances; nor do we
claim generally the construction of boiler wherein a shallow box or chamber
is placed inside the fire-box,and connected to the body of the boiler by means
of small tubes, in so far as it is similar to the description of boiler for which
Letters Patent were granted to David Napier on the 9th day of August 1842,
No. 9439; nor do we claim generally the construction of boilers with conical
water tubes, as Lotters Patent have already been granted to us for these,
bearing date the 11th March 1851; but what we claim is,-
Firstly, the construction of boilers, as herein-hefore described with reference

page_text: to Figures 1 and 2 on Sheet I. of the accompanying Drawings, wherein the
flue or chimney is continued downwards to the top of the shallow box or
chamber, and is provided with a water casing, through openings in which the
draft from the furnace passes, and wherein further a conical water tube, placed
inside the aforesaid flue, is fixed on the top of and communicates with the
interior of the aforesaid shallow box or chamber in or near the centre of
the same, communicating also by means of branch pipes with the upper
part of the boiler, or wherein either of the above-mentioned parts are
employed separately.
Secondly, the construction of boilers, consisting of a combination of the
before-described boiler with shallow chamber, as shewn in Figures 1 and 2 on
Sheet I. of the accompanying Drawings, or modifications thereof, with our
Patent boiler with conical water tubes, specifically as herein-before described
with reference to Sheet I., Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, and Sheets II, and III.
of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Galloway, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
0 Witness,
WILLIAM NEWTON.
JOHN GALLOWAY. (L.S.)