A NEW METHOD OF MANUFACTURING POWDER SUGAR FROM RAW SUGAR ALONE, AND FROM SYRUP OF SUGAR ALONE, AND FROM THE MIXTURE OF RAW SUGAR AND SYRUP OF SUGAR TOGETHER
Year: 1805

page_text: INGRAM'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
INGRAM, of Castle Street, in the City of Bristol, Grocer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, did,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-sixth day
of November, in the forty-sixth year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the
said James Ingram, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, His especial licence, that
I, the said James Ingram, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, should and lawfully
might, during the term of years therein mentioned, make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
my Invention of "A NEW METHOD OF MANUFACTURING POWDER SUGAR FROM RAW
SUGAR ALONE, AND FROM SYRUP OF SUGAR ALONE, AND FROM THE MIXTURE OF RAW
SUGAR AND SYRUP OF SUGAR TOGETHER;" in which said Letters Patent there is
contained a proviso, obliging me, the said James Ingram, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one calendar
month after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Ingram, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described in
manner following (that is to say):-
First: my process for making powder sugar from raw sugar alone.-Mix

page_text: seven pounds, or thereabouts, of raw sugar with one pint of water, or there-
about, or with one pint of lime water, or thereabout, of the same strength
usual in refining lump sugar, boil the sugar thus mixed in a metal kettle, or
any other fit vessel; after it has boiled some time dip the stem of a tobacco
pipe or any other thing that will answer the purpose into the sugar whilst
boiling, and then put it in cold water, and when the sugar can be taken off
from the pipe, &c., with the fingers with ease, and breaks brittle, it is a proof
that it is sufficiently boiled; pour the sugar out on a marblo slab, polished
stone, or any other thing that will answer the intended purpose, greased
slightly with butter, lard, or any liquid of an oily and wholesome quality, let
it remain in this state about three minutes, and until it begins to harden, then
roll it together in two rolls, or more, if deemed necessary, and pull and draw
each of the rolls with your hands repeatedly over an erect iron spike or other
proper thing, throwing it back over the spike every time, and pulling it forward
until the sugar whitens and becomes stiff, then take the rolls off the spike
and leave them for six hours, or more, if necessary; and when they are quite
hard and firm put them into a stove to dry in the same manner as is usually
adapted for drying lump sugars; keep the rolls in the stove for two days, or
more, if necessary, and when they are quite dry take them out and grind them
in a sugar mill, with a large stone or other proper thing, into a powder, then
sift the powder through a fine wire or other proper sieve, then return it to the
mill and mix it with bastard sugar or raw sugar, in the proportion of fourteen
pounds or thereabout to each hundredweight of powder sugar or thereabout,
to condition it in the usual way bastard sugar is conditioned, the powder sugar
will then be fit for sale. To make any greater quantity than seven pounds of
powder sugar at a time, every seven pounds of raw sugar or thereabout will
require a pint of water, or a pint of lime water or thereabout, mixed with it,
for instance, fourteen pounds or thereabout of raw sugar will require two
ints or thereabout, twenty-one pound of raw sugar three pints or thereabout,
and so in proportion for any greater quantity.
Second my process for making powder sugar from syrup of sugar alone.-
Boil ten pounds of syrup of sugar, little more or less, in a metal kettle, or
other proper vessel, and after it has boiled some time prove its strength or
firmness in the way mentioned above, and pursue the same directions as are
before given in all respects, except as to the mixture of water, which is
unnecessary.
Third: my process for making powder sugar from the mixture of raw sugar
and syrup of sugar together.-Mix three pounds and an half or thereabout of
raw sugar with three pounds and an half or thereabout of.
syrup of
sugar, boil

page_text: the sugar and syrup thus mixed in a metal kettle, or other proper vessel, the
remainder of the process is the same as that first above specified, except as
to the mixture of water or lime water, which is unnecessary.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Ingram, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and five.