Improvements in Joints or Couplings for Earthenware, Metal, and other Goods and Articles.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 19th July, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 18th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 20th May, 1893
Improvements in Joints or Couplings for Earthenware, Metal, and
other Goods and Articles.
1, THOMAS WILLIAM TWYFORD, of Hanley in the County of Stafford, Sanitary
Potter and Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements as hereinafter described in joints, con-
nections or unions for connecting or securing together earthenware, metal and other
goods or articles and in connecting or securing to earthenware, metal and other
goods or articles, their fittings or attachments or parts.
Thus for example, means for making the connections or joints of water closets,
(composed of earthenware), or their basins, pans, traps and cognate parts of them,
also the same with respect to lavatories, baths cisterns, tubes and other articles.
By my invention the coupling or joint, is a two part and loosely fitting one, and
is retained, in its assigned position, or makes a perfectly sound joint, without the
parts to be connected together, having flanges, collars, or their equivalents.
Thus the coupling is fitted upon plain tail ends or plain after or fore parts, of
the articles or parts of the articles or goods to be connected together.
In applying my invention in connection with the outlet pipe of a water-closet or
water-closet basin, to a trap or soil-pipe I proceed as follows:--
I take a two part coupling with one part permanently connected to the trap, or
soil pipe, and the upper part loosely fitting over the after end of a water-closet
outlet pipe.
The first named or stationary member part consists of a ring, having upon its
front outside periphery, two, three or more lugs, tapering or inclining upon their
insides, and with the entrance or mouth of the trap or soil pipe, extending flange
wise, over the front edge of the said ring member.
The inside diameter of the mouth to the trap or soil-pipe, is of the outside
diameter of the closet outlet pipe, so that when a connection is made, the said fore
part of the fixed member, and the entrance to the trap, are passed over and upon
the tail end of the outlet pipe, from the closet.
The other and loose member, consists of a box shaped ring, of greater diameter
than the fixed member, and enclosed or located within the interior of the said box
member, which has a flange at its abutment end, is a thick ring of india rubber,
which takes its back bearing against the inside of the ring flange aforesaid, whilst
the front edge or flange of the trap or soil-pipe entrance, abuts or impinges against
the front face of the said rubber.
The box member, is fitted or provided on its inside front edge, or that part
opposite the flange, with inside inclined lngs, ribs or the like, which come opposite
the spaces between the inclined lugs on the other member, so that on the said
members being brought together, the lugs of the one part, pass through the gaps
or spaces in the other, thereby rotating the said members in opposite directions, by
hooked ended levers or other means, the said parts and the inclined planes on the
respective parts, slide over each other, which brings the two parts together.
The action for coupling or securing the parts together is as follows:-
On rotating in reverse directions, the said stationary and loose members, the
inclined planes of the one member, work up or upon the inclined planes of the
other member, and the said parts and members are drawn together, which

page_text: compresses the ring of india-rubber as aforesaid, and causes the same to grip onto
the outlet pipe of water closet basin, hence a sound and water tight joint or
connection.
Dated this 4th day of July 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Joints or Couplings for Earthenware, Metal, and
other Goods and Articles.
1, THOMAS WILLIAM TWYFORD of Hanley, in the County of Stafford,
Sanitary Potter and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the connection fittings of the joints or
unions employed in connecting or securing to earthenware or other goods, attach-
ments such as pipes, conduits, outlets or the like.
My invention is particularly applicable to the connecting of the soil pipes of
water closets to the outlets of them.
Figure of the accompanying drawings represents in complete vertical section,
a pedestal water-closet connection fitting constructed,. arranged and provided
according to one form of my invention.
The said fitting is shown making the coupling in connection between the outlet
pipe and soil pipe of the P trap of a water closet as aforesaid.
It also shows how the connection of the fitting to the flangeless outer circum-
ference of the said outlet pipe is made, and whereby a sound joint is produced.
Figure 2 represents a transverse vertical section upon the dotted lines A B
Figure 1, looking towards the inside of the box fitting having a rubber ring at its
one end.
Figure 3 shows the box portion of the said fitting with the bearing washer and
also the rubber ring located at the contracted or flanged end of the same. It also
shows, in elevation, one of the inclined lugs for the drawing-to of the parts, and for
rotating in opposite directions, the two-part fittings.
Figure 4 represents in section the outlet pipe of the closet separately.
Figure 5 represents the soil pipe, with its end attachment for the making of its
connection with the other part of the fitting.
Figure 6 represents a pedestal closet with a soil pipe connected to its outlet by
my new or improved connection fittings.
Figure 7 is an end view of the soil pipe fitting Figure 5, whilst Figure 8
is an end view of the box fitting looking towards its mouth entrance, and showing
the gaps or recesses formed within its front wall wherethrough the inclined
snugs carried by the other part fitting pass, in making the connection.
Figure 9 represents a modification of my invention in which both the tail end of
the outlet of the closet, and the connection end of the soil pipe are made
flangeless.
Figure 10 represents a vertical section of the same.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures
of the drawings.
a is a two-part coupling, consisting of an inner or she ring part b, connected to
the tail or terminal end of a soil pipe, having a turned-up flange ², at its said
outer end, and with the same coming in front of the fore part of the inner or she
ring c, which is thus attachedly connected to the end of the said soil pipe.
The front boundary edge of the periphery of the said ring is provided with

page_text: outstanding lugs or projections 63, having taper or inclined inner sides 6, which come
upon like inclines d³, of lugs d', located upon and standing out from the mouth
entrance to the inner periphery d', of a box connection d, whose rear is throttled
or contracted with ring flanges d³, of an inside diameter equal to the outside
diameter of the outlet or outlet pipe e, leading from the P trap of a closet or
pedestal.
Located within the back of the interior of the said box is a rubber ring, with
the inner face seating itself upon a loose washer g, which admits of the said rubber
rotating on the parts being drawn together by the passage through the holes &³, d',.
of levers or turning means.
The gaps at the mouth entrance d', to the said part connection, are about
equal in length to the lengths of the lugs 3, so as to admit of the passage of the
said lugs with inclined planes upon their inner sides, to the inside of the box
connection d, so as to bring the same to the backs d³, of the lugs (see the dotted
lines Figure 1).
By now passing the soil pipe c, and its fitting b, into position as represented in
Figure 1, and then rotating the said fittings and d in opposite directions, the
inclined planes of the one will be made to slide and work forward upon the inclined
planes of the other, and as the rotation of the said connection is maile, so the said
parts are drawn together, and the rubber ring compressed forcibly between the
ring flange d', of the back d' of the connection d and the flange e, of the soil pipe c,.
and which flange comes in front of the connection b, which pushes forward the said
soil pipe by the action of its opposed inclined planes acting upon the inclined
planes of the snugs of the other connection d, hence the squeezing of the rubber
into the joints or seams coming between the parts, whereby a sound joint is
produced.
The confined rubber ring, by being forcibly squeezed between the approaching
parts located upon its two opposite sides, is made to spread itself in directions not
confined, and also to forcibly impress itself inwardly against the outside periphery
of the outlet pipe e, so as not only to make a sound joint, but to bind the parts.
together by frictional contact and the drag of the opposed surfaces.
The washer, prevents the twisting of the rubber ring, when the connection parts
are rotated in opposite directions, so as to make the inclined faces of the snugs of
the one part, work up the inclines of the other part.
In Figures 9 and 10 both the tail ends of the articles to be connected together
are flangeless, that is to say, the soil pipe is flangeless, or has no turned-up front as
in preceding figures.
a is the connection, 6 is one part connection, c is the soil pipe with a flangeless
tail end e; d is the other part connection, with inclined planed lugs d², d³, which
take upon the inclined planed lugs 1, . e is the outlet, is the rubber block-ring,.
and is a pierced disc or washer.
On passing the lugs of the one part through the clearances at the mouth
entrance to the other, and rotating in opposite directions the said connections, the
inclined planes of the lugs, as before described, work up each other, and draw the
said connection parts together, hence the forcing of the said rubber upon the opposed
faces of the parts presented to it, and into the interstices or joints, whereby the
parts are connected together by the friction and drag of the rubber, and a sound
joint effected.
The application of my connection fitting to other articles, differs in no essential
respect from its application to a water closet and its soil pipe as hereinbefore
described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed; I declare that what
I claim is:-
First In connection fittings, joints or couplings, consisting of a two part
connection and having loantal batmans the

page_text: 9,
of them, or between the outer end of the one and the inner face of the other, a
rubber ring or rings f, or a rubber ring or rings f; and carrying washer
connection parts are drawn together on being rotated in opposite directions and a
and which
sound joint made thereby, through the medium of inclined planed lugs working
upon each other, and carried by the said connection parts respectively, substantially
as described and set forth.
Secondly-The general construction, arrangement, and combination of the
parts of connection fittings, joints or couplings, substantially as herein described
and set forth.
Dated this 17th day of Annil 100
THOMAS WILLIAM TWYFORD,
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.