IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO STEAM GENERATORS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Ashton, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester,
Boiler Maker, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO
STEAM GENERATORS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Ashton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th August 1880.
HENRY ASHTON, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester, Boiler Maker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO STEAM GENERATORS."
The object of the said Invention is to so construct steam generators that circu-
lation of the water therein shall be thoroughly efficient, the generation of steam
ample and rapid, the consumption of fuel moderate. The construction further
ensures stability, facilitates erection, and provides spaces for the collection of
mud and sediment away from the action of the heated gases and products of
combustion.
In carrying the said Invention into practice, under the first part, I combine
together the following essential parts:-(a), a horizontal steain generator fitted or
provided with horizontal or nearly horizontal fire or flame tubes; (b), water spaces
opening to the said generator at or near each end thereof, and forming legs or
standards for the support of the said generator; and (c), a horizontal or nearly
horizontal circulation tube or way opening to the said water spaces, and located
above or partly above and partly below the level of the fire bars. The grate
arrangements and the means for directing the course of the heated gases and
products of combustion are of any ordinary or desired kind. The lower ends of the
water spaces aud the lower part of the circulation tube serve as mud or sediment
collectors. Fire doors, feed appliances, and the usual accessories of steam generators
are provided. In some cases more than one circulation tube or way is used to
connect the water spaces, legs, or standards.
Under the second part I combine together (a), a horizontal stean generator
forming the back of the furnace, and having fire or flame tubes; (b), a horizontal
steam generator forming the furnace crown, and connected to the generator above
mentioned at or near the top thereof; (c), a water space, leg, or standard opening
to the furnace crown generator at or near the front end thereof; and (d), a
circulation tube or tubes connecting the water space, leg, or standard and the
horizontal fire or flame tube generator at the back of the furnace.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Ashton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th February
1881.
HENRY ASHTON, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester, Boiler Maker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO STEAM GENERATORS."
The object of the said Invention is to so construct steam generators that circu-
lation of the water therein shall be thoroughly efficient, the generation of steam
ample and rapid, the consumption of fuel moderate. The construction further
ensures stability, facilitates erection, and provides spaces for the collection of
mud and sediment away from the action of the heated gases and products of
combustion.
In carrying the said Invention into practice, under the first part, I combine
together the following essential parts:-(a), a horizontal steam generator fitted or
provided with horizontal or nearly horizontal fire or Hame tubes; (b), water spaces
opening to the said generator at or near each end thereof, and forming legs or
standards for the support of the said generator; and (c), a horizontal or nearly
horizontal circulation tube or way opening to the said water spaces, and located
above or partly above and partly below the level of the fire bars.
The grate
arrangements and the means for directing the course of the heated gases and
products of combustion are of any ordinary or desired kind. The lower ends of the
water spaces and the lower part of the horizontal circulation tube serve as mud or
sediment collectors. Fire doors, feed appliances, and the usual accessories of steam
generators are provided. In some cases more than one circulation tube or way is
used to connect the water spaces, legs, or standards.
Under the second part I combine together (a), a horizontal steam generator
forming the back of the furnace, and having fire or flame tubes; (b), a horizontal
steam generator forming the furnace crown, and connected to the generator above
mentioned at or near the top thereof; (c), a water space, leg, or standard opening
to the furnace crown gonerator at or near the front end thereof; and (d), a circulation
tube or tubes connecting the water space, leg, or standard and the horizontal fire
or flame tube generator at the back of the furnace.
DESCUIDYTHIAN OH
DAWINCH

page_text: Fig. 5 is a front elevation partly in section, and Fig. 6 a side elevation, also partly
in section, of a pair of double ended marine steam generators constructed under the
first part of my Invention. 1, horizontal generators; 2, fire or flame tubes;
3, legs. 4, 11, are horizontal circulation tubes connecting the legs 3; the tube 4 is
partly above and partly below the level of the fire bars 5; the tube 11 is situated
in the flame space. .12 are intermediate legs communicating with the generators
near the combustion or flame chamber 9. The upper circulution tube 11 is con-
nected to the generator at its centre by the tube 13 passing up through the flame
chamber 9.
Fig. 7 is a side elevation, Fig. 8 a sectional elevation, Fig. 9 a transverse section,
and Figs. 10 and 11 back and front views of a steam generator constructed under
the first part of my Invention for use on land.
The same figures of reference denote parts like those in the previously described
views.
Fig. 12 is a side elevation, Fig. 13 a sectional elevation, Fig. 14 a transverse
section, Fig. 15 a horizontal section, and Figs. 16 and 17 back and front elevations
of a further modification of land steam generator constructed under the first part
of my Invention. Here a breeches tube 14, 15, is substituted for the small fire or
flame tubes 2 before mentioned. The heated gases and products of combustion pass
from the grate through 14, then through 15 to the chimney or flue. In other
respects the arrangement of the legs, grate, and circulation tube is similar to that
before described, and like parts have the same figures of reference thereon.
Fig. 18 is a side elevation, Fig. 19 a sectional elevation, Fig. 20 a transverso
section, and Figs. 21 and 22 back and front views of a locomotive steam generator
also constructed under the first part of my Invention. The dotted lines in Fig. 19
indicate a method of placing the circulation tube and fire grato under the barrel.
Like figures denote the same parts as in previous views, and the arrows indicate the
direction of the currents of heated gases and of the circulating water. It will be
obvious that steam generators of many constructions besides those shown, either
round, or elliptical, or oval, may be fitted and combined with water legs and
circulating pipes in accordance with my Invention, and that the general arrange-
ment and construction of the generators may be varied without departing from my
Invention. Brickwork is preferred for enclosing the flame and combustion chambers,
but metal, water tube, or other suitable walls may be used.
Fig. 23 is a longitudinal section, and Figs. 24, 25, and 26 aro end and side views
of a steam generator constructed under the second part of my Invention. 1, hori-
zontal steam generator fitted with fire or flame tubes 2. 16, horizontal steam
generator forming the crown of the furnace 17 connected to the generator 1, and
fitted with a water containing leg 3. 4, circulation tube.
Steam generators constructed under my Invention have an improved circulation
of water over the heating surface, an increased steam generating power, an even
temperature of water at the upper and lower portions, and unequal expansion and
contraction is prevented. Easy access is obtainable to all the working parts, so
that inspection, cleaning, and repairs may be conducted with facility. The firo
chamber is of large capacity, and constructed to allow of the most advantageous
combustion of the fuel, and mud and sediment are collected at a point below the
action of the flames and heated gases, and easily removed.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention in such manner that
others will be enabled to carry my improvements into effect, I claim,―
Under the first part, steam generators constructed substantially as set forth.
Second. In combining with a horizontal steam generator, horizontal fire or flame
tubes, water legs, and a horizontal circulation tube or circulation tubes, substantially
in the manner and for the purposes set forth.
Third. Horizontal tubular steam generators fitted with water legs and a circulation
tube or circulation tubes, substantially in the manner set forth.

page_text: Under the second part, steam generators constructed substantially in the manner
and for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Ashton, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twelfth day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty one.
HENRY ASHTON. (L.S.)