matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF INDIA-RUBBER VALVES, VALVE SEATS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Pomeroy Dodge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th February 1868.
I, GEORGE POMEROY DODGE, of No. 79, Upper Thames Street, in
the City of London, India-rubber Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF INDIA-RUBBER VALVES, VALVE SEATS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," to be
as follows:-
The said improvements relate more especially to valves for steam
engines and pumps, and consist in manufacturing such valves or sheets
from which the same are to be cut of india-rubber with an interior
web of elastic woven fabric. I am aware that india-rubber in thin
sheets combined with woven fabric has been already used to some
extent, but not for the purposes of my Invention. I use vulcanized,
mineralized or similarly prepared rubber, and insert the elastic woven
fabric between the outer surfaces of the same in any convenient manner.
The fabric may be inserted into any description of india-rubber valves,

page_text: valve seats, discs, or other articles for similar purposes. Sheets of
vulcanized or other prepared india-rubber with an interior web of elastic
woven fabric may be manufactured of any desired thickness, and the
valves or other articles may be conveniently cut from the same.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATCHES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Bristow Hunt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
November 1868.-A communication from abroad by Louis Auguste
Etienne-Guyot, of Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, BRISTOW HUNT, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATCHES," (a communication to me from
abroad by Louis Auguste Etienne-Guyot, of Paris, in the Empire of
France,) to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a system of winding-up mechanism applicable
is
to watches of all kinds, and by the aid of which the winding up pcr-
formed in far less time and more easily than with any other system
hitherto proposed or employed. The winder is formed by the back of
the case itself, which is made movable and acts on the ratchet of the
barrel, which in this case is brought to the centre of the watch. The
movement, which is of a simplicity hitherto unknown, may have any
kind of escapement, and may be fitted in any kind of case; its con-
struction is very solid and presents no difficulty in repairs. The
mechanism for setting the hands also is very simple, as hereafter

page_text: explained; and, lastly, no dust or other foreign matter can penetrate
into the works. The barrel is placed perfectly in the centre of the
watch, and its arbor carries at the back of the pillar plate a ratchet
wheel, into the teeth of which the holding ratchet gears, being acted on
by a spring. The ratchet wheel is fixed by means of a washer and two
screws to the inside of the back of the case, which thus forms the
winder. The back, although movable, is fitted to the rim of the case in
such a manner that no dust or other foreign body can enter the works,
the mechanism of which is further protected by the pillar plate.
The setting of the hands is effected by the following combination :-
The pendant has a small arbor passing through it terminated by a milled
edged button; its inner end is squared and carries a pinion which gears
(when the hands are to be set) with a wheel in connection with the
minute wheel, on the socket of which latter the hour wheel turns. The
socket of the first-named pinion has a groove in which the end of a spring
takes in such a manner as to hold the pinion always raised out of gear
with the wheel, excepting when the hands are required to be set, when
the spring is depressed by a small pin or pusher which projects through
the rim of the case. The arbor of the pinion is held in its place by means
of a small screw, the end of which takes into a groove on the former.
IMPROVED MEANS FOR THE PURPOSE OF PREVENTING HORSES SLIPPING IN SNOWEY, FROSTY, OR OTHER SLIPPERY WEATHER, AND FOR RENDERING IT UNNECESSARY TO REMOVE THEIR SHOES FOR ROUGHING
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Chiswell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
December 1868.
I, WILLIAM CHISWELL, of No. 2, Halton Road, Cross Street, Islington,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS FOR THE PURPOSE OF PREVENTING HORSES
SLIPPING IN SNOWEY, FROSTY, OR OTHER SLIPPERY WEATHER, AND FOR RENDERING
IT UNNECESSARY TO REMOVE THEIR SHOES FOR ROUGHING," to be as follows:-
The rough or roughs consist of a three-cross iron bar or bar plate
in two separate pieces with shoulders to fit inside the shoe and flat
at the ends, and so arranged by means of a screw and nut as to take
a lever bearing on the shoe itself and not in any way press upon the
sole of the foot or feet; cach bar or cross plate is drilled to receive
one or more sharpened steel pegs or roughs threaded to screw into the
bar at given distances, so that each three-cross bar or bar plate is
furnished with three or more of the steel pegs, removeable as may be
needed from wear or otherwise, and replaced by others or newly
sharpened. The whole or complete set of four in a perfect state for
use are attached to a horse's feet by means of the screw and nut beford

page_text: mentioned, and the aid of a small wrench made for the purpose in
five minutes or removed in the same short space of time, are economical
and will greatly add to the preservation of the horse's feet and
prevention of corns, removal of the shoe for roughing purposes being
rendered quite unnecessary. The horse-shoe rough to be made in sises
to fit all horses feet, and numbered the same, No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4,
No. 5, and the facilities for removal of the steel roughs or pegs the
Inventor claims as a great advantage as a means of securing an evenness
of wear.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MATCHES OR OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jex Long at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
January 1868.
I, JOHN JEX LONG, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
MATCHES OR OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to an improved appliance to be used for the
purpose of adjusting the position of the splits or splinters of wood used
in the manufacture of matches or other similar articles as they pass
from the hopper for the purpose of being fixed in the frames in which
they are held for having the igniting compound attached to them, and
it consists as follows:-The front part of the machine is provided with
racks or a series of guide bars which serve to retain the splits or splinters
in their position between the laths of the frame containing them as
the frame descends whilst being filled. Some difficulty is however
experienced in enabling the splits or splinters to enter the spaces between
the guide bars as they are forced forward from the hopper, and to ensure
their correct position being effected is the main object of this Invention,

page_text: and for that purpose a moveable bar is situated at the front of the
machine above the lath in the frame upon which the supply of splits
or splinters is about to be discharged from the hopper. The moveable
bar is grooved, or has ribs or teeth on its under side, which are arranged
parallel and corresponding with the spaces between the guide bars, the
ribs or teeth being pointed or tapered to narrow points or edges so that
as the bar containing them is brought into contact with the splits or
splinters they are at once guided so that when forced forward by
the machine they enter the spaces between the guide bars.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM ENGINE GOVERNOR
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 8th August 1868.-A communication from abroad by Edwin
Louis Bomeisler, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
of America.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION
OF STEAM ENGINE GOVERNOR," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved governor which is adapted for
use upon marine engines as well as portable and stationary land engines,
and which is so constructed that while greater regularity, delicacy, and
steadiness of action are secured than are attainable by the old forms of
governors, any desired range or amount of movement necessary for
regulating purposes can be obtained.
The apparatus consists of a receiver fitted with a movable cover or
elastic diaphragm, to which is connected a crutch that is jointed to a
throttle valve lever. The receiver is also provided with an outlet having

page_text: an adjustable valve applied to it for regulating the escape of fluid that is
forced into the receiver by a supply pump worked by the engine that
is to be regulated. The supply pump is double action, and its object
is to supply fluid (through branch pipes fitted with floating valves) to
the reservoir in such quantity as to keep the cover or diaphragm and
thereby the throttle valve of the engine at a position for controlling
the speed of the engine, a regulated escape for the fluid from the receiver
being at the same time kept open. By this arrangement should the
speed of the engine exceed or fall short of the prescribed limit, the
fluid will be forced into the receiver faster in the one case and slower
in the other than it escapes, by which means the cover of the receiver
is caused to operate upon the throttle valve and open or close this valve
more or less according to the regulation required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY, APPARATUS, AND PROCESS IN THE TREATMENT OF CARBONIFEROUS PLANTS AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, CARDBOARD, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Broad at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
August 1868.
I, JOSEPH BROAD, of Arthur Street West, in the City of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY, APPARATUS, AND PROCESS IN THE TREATMENT
OF CARBONIFEROUS PLANTS AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF PAPER, CARDBOARD, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the use and construction of machinery for
separating fibrous materials, and in the apparatus for softening and
converting it into pulp, and in the process of removing all impurities,
rendering it perfectly clean and white for the manufacture of paper of
various descriptions, cardboard, and other similar articles.
The machine stands on a framework of wood or cast iron with cast-iron
cylinders made hollow to admit steam therein. On the external part are
steel pins fixed that when the cylinders are put in motion the fibrous
material is acted on by the revolving of the cylinders. The steel pins
on the external part of the cylinders are made with a cutting edge, or

page_text: they may be pointed so as to have the effect of dividing or separating
the fibrous material.
The apparatus I make for softening and converting the fibrous
material, either animal, vegetable, or mineral into a pulp is by the
use of a wrought-iron vessel made sufficiently strong to admit of steam
being introduced therein for the purpose of acting on the fibrous
material deposited in the wrought-iron vessel, which may be made
square or sphereical ended, or what is termed an egg-ended boiler.
The process of purifying is by submitting the fibrous material to the
action of caustic soda, wood ash, and blue lias lime concentrated with
spirits of salts. The fibrous material being placed in an air-tight vessel
steam is applied to it for one hour. When it has undergone the pressure
of steam the required hour remove it to an open cooler for to allow the
bleaching to be fully carried out. The fibrous material is then passed
through solution of alkila, steam being admitted to the fibrous material
while in solution; boil for thirty minutes, and after boiling the required
time wash the pulp clean; it is then fit for making paper of a superior
quality.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MATCHES AND FUSEES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Timothy Joseph Clanchy at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th February 1868.
I, TIMOTHY JOSEPH CLANCHY, of Cheetham, near Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MATCHES AND FUSEES," to be as follows:-
The ordinary fusce or cigar and pipe light is only useful as a means
of igniting a cigar or pipe in the open air, or where there is a breeze
which would extinguish an ordinary lucifer match. Most people,
however, prefer to light their tobacco with the flame from a wood splint,
a wax taper, or a paper spill, and thus to avoid the contact and
disagreeable flavour of the chemicals used in the fusee head. The fusee
not producing a steady flame cannot be used for such purposes as
sealing a letter, lighting gas, or a fire, or most of the purposes for which
an ordinary match or lucifer producing a steady flame is required; on
the other hand the ordinary match or lucifer is useless where a wind
or rapid motion would extinguish a small flame, and in this case the
fusce is indispensable, I therefore form on one shaft or stem a combined
match and fusce, the fusee head being at one end of the stem, and the

page_text: match head which would set flame to the stem at the other end;
so that a person who occasionally requires both descriptions of light
would be supplied with them without carrying two sets or boxes of lights,
one for use in exposed situations, and the other for indoor use or
wherever a steady flame would be required. By this arrangement also
the shaft or stem of the fusee is utilized and instead of being thrown away
uselessly is consumed in flame. The igniting composition of the match
or fusee may be made after any manner most approved, and the shaft or
stem may be made of wood, greased or waxed wick, or any other suitable
inflammable material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTING THE ENDS OF METAL BANDS FOR SECURING BALES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Briggs at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
May 1868.
I, THOMAS BRIGGS, of the City of Manchester, Tarpauling Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTING THE ENDS OF METAL BANDS FOR SECURING
BALES," to be as follows:-
In performing this Invention I make two or more longitudinal slits
at each end of the band, these slits are made by a punch and die
which not only cut the slits required but bend the two outer portions
of the band into a convex form while the centre portion or portions
is or are bent concave or vice versa. When the band has been put
round a bale the convex and concave portions fit each other, leaving a
transverse slot open through which a key or cotter is driven. When
the pressure on the bale is removed, the expansion of the bale tightens
the bands against the key, and the friction of the connecting ends
gives additional strength to the coupling. On driving out the cotters
the bands can be removed from the bale and used over again. By
this means the trouble and expense of rivetting and the weakening of

page_text: the band by punching out holes are avoided. The slits and bends in
the ends of the bands may be made in a stationary punch and die
actuated by steam or other power, or by a portable screw or lever
apparatus actuated by hand in case the slits and bends have to be
made when the bands are on the bale.
AN IMPROVED PEARL ORNAMENT FOR LADIES' WEAR SUITABLE FOR NECKLETS, BRACELETS, AND THE LIKE
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Stokes, Edward Bradney
Stokes, Joseph Stokes, and Harry Stokes at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 7th September
1868.
We, EDWARD STOKES, EDWARD BRADNEY STOKES, JOSEPH STOKES,
and HARRY STOKES, Co-partners, and trading under the Firm or Style
of "Edward Stokes and Sons," at Villa Street, in the Parish of Aston,
and County of Warwick, Pearl Button Makers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PEARL ORNAMENT FOR LADIES'
WEAR SUITABLE FOR NECKLETS, BRACELETS, AND THE LIKE," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to manufacture the kinds of ornaments
specified in the title of pearl; hitherto such ornaments have been made in
stone, ivory, jet, vulcanité, composition, and other similar substances,
but they have not been made in pearl.
Now our Invention is to utilize pearl for the same purpose in the
manner herein-after described, and we thus produce at a moderate cost
a more tasteful and useful article than can be produced in any other
The pearl is first cut from the shell in blanks in the usual

page_text: manner, and, as is well understood, the centres are then cut out and the
blanks are then turned to the required strength and afterwards polished.
Each alternate link is then either split by means of a blow from a chisel
or cut by a fine saw, and a sufficient number of links are afterwards put
together to form the length of chain required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND IN THE APPLICATION THEREOF TO CERTAIN USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Thomas Emmerson and
Joshua Murgatroyd at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 4th January 1808.
Wе, JOHN THOMAS EMMERSON and JosпUA MURGATROYD, both of
Heaton Norris, in the County of Lancaster, Millwrights and Engineers,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND IN THE APPLICATION THEREOF TO CERTAIN USEFUL
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in combining the iron manufactured from
titaniferous ores with iron manufactured from other ores, in order to
produce iron of a particularly hard, strong, solid, and tough description,
which may be used in the manufacture of armour plates, ordnance,
projectiles, hydraulic rams and cylinders, and other articles, or for
converting into steel.
In manufacturing armour plates and projectiles, and other articles
requiring to be very hard, we combine sixty parts of titanic iron with
thirty parts of Blenavon iron and ten parts of Pontypool iron.
In manufacturing ordnance and hydraulic cylinders and other articles
in which the fibre of metal must be very fine, and great toughness or

page_text: resistance is required, we combine fifty parts of titanic iron with thirty
parts of Pontypool and Blenavon irons, and twenty parts of hoematite,
Scotch, or Cleveland iron, or combinations thereof.
We wish to observe that we do not limit ourselves to the proportions
nor to the particular descriptions of iron above stated, as by further
experiments we may discover other porportions and other varieties of
iron to be combined with the titanic iron that may give similar or better
results.
Our Invention also consists in the application of titanic iron alone
to the manufacture of the articles above referred to.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SCREWING AND TAPPING
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Laurie and James
Whittaker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 30th December 1868.
We, JOHN LAURIE, of Seacombe Forge Rivet and Bolt Works, in the
County of Chester, and JAMES WHITTAKER, of the same Place, Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR SCREWING AND TAPPING," to be as follows:-
The object of our Invention is to prevent the frequent breaking of
bolts when cutting the screw thereon, and the like breaking of taps in
cutting the thread in nuts, particularly applicable where it is required
to cut the screw up to a shoulder.
Our Invention consists in applying to any practicable part of ordinary
bolt and nut tapping and screwing machines, but preferably to a disc
holding or attached to the chuck, a band or other mechanical con-
trivance acting as a brake, which by an adjusting screw or other means
causes the part to which it is applied to remain a rigid portion of the
machine while the thread is cut on the bolt or in the nut, but should
any foreign substance or any other cause intervene to prevent the thread
being cut, the resistance of the brake is overcome, and the part which

page_text: had before been rigid revolves with the other moving parts of the
machine, and the action of cutting a thread ceases, or the machine
continues in action with the exception of those parts to which our
Invention is applied, and the same effect is produced.
It is obvious that our Invention may be used for any purpose where
screwing and tapping is necessary.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REVERBERATORY FURNACES FOR ROASTING AND SMELTING PURPOSES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Dixon Nuttall at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 20th May 1868.
I, FRANCIS DIXON NUTTALL, of St. Helen's, in the County of
Lancaster, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REVERBERATORY FURNACES FOR ROASTING AND
SMELTING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
To enable the owners of metallurgical, alkali, and other chemical
works, where reverberatory furnaces are used for roasting and smelting
purposes, to avail themselves of the now generally acknowledged
advantages to be derived in furnaces of that kind from the employ-
ment of hot air as an agent to induce or promote combustion of coal,
coke, or other fuel, is the object of my Invention.
In carrying my improvements into effect I construct the fuel or fire
chamber and bars of any desired form and fit sliding or moveable doors
to the mouth thereof, and also to the mouth of the ash-pit; or I use
equivalent means so that the quantity of cold air allowed to enter
can be regulated to any desired extent. In contact with the gases
rising from the burning fuel, and preferably near the crown of the fire

page_text: chamber I lead from the front backwards to about the bridge a pipe or
several pipes of metal, fire-clay, or other refractory material. The said
pipe or pipes is or are open at both ends, and it or they receive cold
air at the front; this air as it travels backwards becomes heated, and
escaping near the bridge and mixing with the gases of the fuel induces
the required combustion. The quantity of air allowed to enter the
said pipe or pipes can be regulated by dampers or other means, and
should the supply passing be deficient a jet of steam can be used to
accelerate the speed and consequently the quantity.
In some cases, and preferably in all new furnaces built according to
my Invention, I make or build the bridge with an air shaft therein with
the object of supplying air and making the bridge more durable.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRESSING MILLSTONES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Rawsthorn at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents,, with his Petition, on the 2nd
March 1868..
I, JOHN RAWSTHORN, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Corn
Miller, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRESSING MILLSTONES," to be as follows:-
My improvements. relate to machinery for dressing millstones where
the pick or cutting tool is actuated by power, and consists in so
arranging the pick or tool, or the mechanism connected with the pick
or tool, that an elastic blow (which can be modified as required) will
be imparted.
In other words my improvements consist in suspending or sustaining:
the pick or tool in connection with its actuating mechanism by
springs of india-rubber, steel, or other elastic material, or, by means.
of air or other elastic medium, the tension or force of the springs being
adjustable.
My Invention also consists in the use of several picks or tools,
arranged as above described. and operating at the same time. The.

page_text: picks or tools so arranged as above described are connected with and
carried upon suitable slides, so that they may be traversed in the line
of the cut and advanced forward after each line of cut, the movement.
or movements being imparted to the pick or picks, tool or tools,. by
cams, cranks, excentrics, or other suitable means..
IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING TALLOW CUPS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Bailey and
Joseph Wilson Lowther at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 8th January 1868.
We, WILLIAM HENRY BAILEY, of the Township of Salford, in the
County of Lancaster, Steam Guage Manufacturer, and Brass Founder,
and JOSEPH WILSON LOWTHER, of the City of Manchester, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
* IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING TALLOW CUPS," to be as follows:-
Firstly. This Invention has for its object improvements in those
descriptions of tallow cups into which steam is allowed to enter and
condense; the water thereby produced falling by its own gravity to the
bottom of the cup, and the tallow being of a lighter specific gravity
floating upon the water and trickling down a passage into the cylinder
or other vessel to be lubricated. Now this Invention consists in forming
tallow cups with a valve seated in the passage, which leads from the
tallow cup to the cylinder or other vessel to be lubricated, which valve
is closed by the pressure of the steam, and if need be assisted with a
spiral or other suitable spring, and is formed with a spindle projecting
into the body of the cup. The tallow is introduced into such cup at the

page_text: top in the ordinary manner by means of a funnel-shaped hopper having
a hole communicating with the interior of the tallow cup, into which
hole is fitted a screw provided with a suitable handle for the purpose
of securely tightening a valve formed on the upper end of the screw
against its seating formed in the feeding hopper. The end of such
screw is caused when screwed "home" to impinge against the end
of the spindle of the valve seated in the passage herein-before described,
and thus to open a communication between the interior of the tallow
cup and the cylinder or other vessel to be lubricated. It is found
advantageous to have a small passage formed through the screw, one end
of which terminates at the valve seating, and the other communicating
with the interior of the tallow cup, for the purpose of allowing any steam
to escape gradually when it becomes necessary to open the tallow cup to
supply more tallow, and the water may be removed from the tallow cup
by means of a valve at the bottom, or a small cock may be used for the
purpose.
Secondly. This Invention relates to improvements in tallow cups for
lubricating the cylinders of condensing engines, which consist in the
use and application of a double valve seated in a passage leading from an
open-topped tallow cup to a condensing cylinder, and so arranged that
when the steam pressure is in the cylinder the top valve is closed and
the bottom one communicating with the interior of the tallow cup is
open; but when a vacuum is formed in such cylinder the top valve
is caused to open and the bottom one to close, and thus the tallow which
has gathered between the valves is sucked into the cylinder; the throw
of the valves being regulated by a screw, the head of which is situated
within the body of the tallow cup.
IMPROVEMENTS IN. METERS FOR WATER, AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lemuel Wellman Wright at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 3rd June 1868..
I, LEMUEL WELLMAN WRIGHT;. of Brooklyn, in the State of New
York, United States of America, do licrcby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN. METERS FOR WATER, AND OTHER
LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
I make use of a shaft around which is an inclined or screw-formed.
blade making one or more turns around said shaft, and the exterior
edge of this blade is made to set closely to but not touch a cylindrical
case, within which said shaft and blade are contained and mounted.
so as to revolve freely by the motion of the water or other liquid as:
it passes through, said case being led in near one end of said case and.
taken away near the other end by pipes. The size of the case is sucli
as to contain a given number of gallons or other standard of capacity,
and this amount of liquid passing through the case will give the shaft
and screw blade as many revolutions as there are complete turns of:
the blade around the shaft. The record of the number of revolutions
is made by dials or index hands. The shaft aforesaid projects through

page_text: the casing into a box containing the wheels, and a tooth on said shaft
moves the first wheel one tooth every revolution of the shaft and
blade, and on the axis of this first wheel is a tooth acting upon the
teeth of the second wheel to move that one tooth every revolution of
the first wheel, and so on. By this simple means an accurate measure-
ment is made of the water or other liquid passing through the meter.
It is preferable to have the shaft standing vertically.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Dickins at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
January 1868.
I, WILLIAM DICKINS, of Daventry, in the County of Northampton,
Boot and Shoe Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES,"
to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is chiefly to dispense with the necessity
of what is termed "bottom fillings" used to fill up the space between
the inner and outer soles of boots and shoes caused by the manner in
which the welt is sewn in.
My Invention consists in securing the edge of the upper between the
inner sole and a middle sole by stitching the whole together, that is
to say, the inner sole, the middle sole, and the edge of the upper, by
means of any suitable machine. I thus obtain the even surface of
the whole middle sole against which to secure the outer sole, no

page_text: bottom filling being therefore required as when the ordinary mode of
manufacture is adopted. The outer sole is secured to the middle sole
by stitching, or by nails, or by pegs. By means of my Invention I
obtain a more durable boot or shoe.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR DRILLING AND BORING
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Westray and John Forster
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 5th March 1868.
We, JOHN WESTRAY and JOHN FORSTER, both of Barrow-in-Furness,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR DRILLING AND
BORING," to be as follows:-
Our improvements in machines for drilling and boring are especially
applicable to portable machines.
The Invention is as follows:-Upon an upright pillar (which for the
sake of stability and to afford a means of fixing the machine is fixed to
a base plate) we have a bracket which is free to move when required
from end to end of the pillar; to this bracket we joint a flanged bearing,
which receives a long cross bar or arm, and through. which a spindle
passes, carrying at one end a bevilled wheel for driving the boring or
other tool, as hereafter described, and at the other a wheel pulley or
other gearing for communicating motion thereto. The flanged bearing
has quadrant-shaped or circular slots cut in it at top and bottom, through
which screws or pins are passed for fixing the bearing when the position

page_text: or the angle at which the boring or other tool is required to work is
determined. The cross bar or arm is provided with a forked end,
through which the tool stock and a hollow spindle pass. The tool
stock is provided with a long keyway, and the hollow spindle with a
fixed key; a toothed wheel is keyed to the hollow spindle in gear with
the wheel on the spindle passing through the cross bar or arm, and to
which motion is communicated by a wheel, pulley, or other gearing at
the other end, and transmitted by the hollow spindle to the tool stock.
It will be thus understood that the bracket being free to slide from
end to end of the pillar, the cross bar bearing or fixing capable of
being set at any required angle, and the cross bar or arm being free
to move within the bearing the whole of its length, that the position
of the boring tool can be regulated as desired, and when once fixed it
will work at any point within the range of the machine. The feed
motion is of the ordinary kind.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HECKLING AND CARDING MACHINES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Lowry at the Office-
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
September 1868.
I, GEORGE LOWRY, of Bury Street Foundry, Salford, County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HECKLING AND CARDING MACHINES,"
to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to that part of heckling and carding-
machines where the fibrous material is doffed off the doffing roller, and
consist in the application of a cam pulley for increasing the number of
strokes of the doffing knife.
The cam is formed by cutting a suitably-shaped groove upon the face.
of the pulley. The pulley rotates upon a stud or spindle fixed to the
side of the machine, and is driven by a strap from a pulley in the.
machine. A stud or pin that is fixed to the doffing knife is inserted in
this groove. When the pulley rotates the cam raises and lowers the..

page_text: knife two or more times for each revolution of the pulley, according to
the shape of the said cam. By the application of the said cam the
doffing roller may be arranged to rotate at a quicker speed as the fibrous
material is doffed off more rapidly and with less injury to the material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHIMNEY TOPS OR POTS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Christopher Penrhyn Aston at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 4th May 1868.
I, CHRISTOPHER PENRHYN ASTON, of Chelsea, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CHIMNEY TOPS OR POTS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to those chimney tops or pots in which the
opening or openings for the egress of the smoke is or are not at the
top of the pot. A great defect in these pots is that when the chimney
is being swept the sweep cannot get his brush out at the top.
My Invention consists in continuing the vertical opening of the pot
through the top; and in fitting in the upper part of the pot a hinged
cover or lid, weighted or not, which in its normal position closes the
top opening of the pot; but when the brush is passed up the cover
is pushed open to allow it to pass, and when the brush is withdrawn.
the cover falls of its own weight.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF CONNECTING BEER ENGINE PIPES WITH THEIR TAPS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Hayne at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
January 1868.
I, BENJAMIN HAYNE, of the Mitre Tavern, Broadwall, Blackfriars
Road, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF CONNECTING BEER ENGINE
PIPES WITH THEIR TAPS," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in the mode of
connecting beer engine pipes with their taps.
For this purpose instead of employing screw couplings, as is now
generally the case, I connect to the lower end of the beer engine pipe
a short length of hard metal tube (brass by preference), the outer
end of which is of a slightly tapered form to fit a similarly tapered
recess formed for it in the tap which is inserted in the barrel in the
usual manner. The before-mentioned short length of tube is provided
with a lump or projection cast or fixed thereon in order to enable it to

page_text: receive a blow from a hammer when it is desired to connect the parts
together. In some cases I provide the taps with two tapered sockets
in order to permit the connection of two beer engine pipes with one
barrel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Brown Wilson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th June 1868.
I, EDWARD BROWN WILSON, of Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of
Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in carrying off the gases from furnaces after
they have effected their work into a flue or flues, which flue or flues I
prefer to make in plate iron and line with fire-brick; these flues may be
constructed at the sides, along the top, or beneath the furnaces. I
propose to connect one end of such flue with the ordinary waste gas
outlet and the other end with the generator or gas producer. Into the
end of the flue or flues communicating with the gas outlet I inject a
current of air by any well-known plan, but I prefer to use a jet or jets
of steam which carries therewith a current of air. This is forced forward
into the flue, combining with the waste products of combustion, and is
caused to enter the generator or fuel chamber at any convenient point;
but I prefer to construct such entrance above the hearth on which the

page_text: fuel rests. The slag or refuse is run off at the lowest point or taken out
by suitable doors, or the air may be injected at the front of the furnace.
The generator may be on any well known plan, and the heat may be
regulated by the admission of air. By the employment of this Invention
the use of chimneys may be dispensed with.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRILL BRACES, APPLICABLE ALSO TO SPANNERS AND OTHER LIKE IMPLEMENTS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Cyrus Cole at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th February 1868.
I, JOHN CYRUS COLE, of Smethwick, in the County of Stafford,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DRILL BRACES, APPLICABLE ALSO TO SPANNERS AND OTHER
LIKE IMPLEMENTS," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
This Invention consists in combining a metal strap and a cylinder
with the handle portion of a drill brace, and either with or without
springs, in such manner as to obtain a flexible and a rigid action to the
parts in alternation, as also a rotary movement to the tool by the
upward or downward movement of the handle. The end of the handle
portion nearest the brace is formed to receive two arms or connecting
collar pieces which are attached to the handle by means of a screw and
nut; these collar pieces are made to fit and move upon the cylinder,
and between them is a collar solid with the cylinder, a metal strap is
looped upon a pin or pins formed upon one of the collar pieces or arms,
and thence it passes in its two thicknesses around this collar, both its
ends being secured to one side of the handle nearest the collar pieces,

page_text: at which part may also be secured a frictional spring, the free end of
which bears upon the metallic strap. When the handle is moved
upwards it will cause the metal strap to become slightly slackened
and to move upon the solid collar of the cylinder a certain distance
according to the stroke of the handle, the downward movement of the
same tightening the metal strap rigidly upon the collar of the cylinder,
causing the cylinder with the drill secured in the end of the same to
move or partially revolve the distance caused by the downward stroke,
the repetition of these movements giving to the drill the continuous
action requisite. The handle at the part where gripped by the hand 1
I prefer to make of wood as a further improvement upon those at
present in use.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS POR WEAVING
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hamer at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
August 1868.
I, JOHN HAMER, of Turton, near Bolton, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS POR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of weaving or manu-
facturing two separate and distinct fabrics or pieces of cloth in one
loom at one and the same time in one width of reed; and the Invention
consists in providing an extra shuttle box, picking motion, and stick
and weft stop motions, the arrangement and adaptation of which may
be thus described.
I subdivide the lathe and the reed of the loom into two parts by the
construction and adaptation of an extra or intermediate shuttle box,
centrally situated on the "fly board" between the two ordinary shuttle
boxes, which is open at both ends, and provided with check straps to
prevent the concussion and rebound of the shuttle; the said extra box
is also provided with a "picking stick" and "picker" that is actuated
by an arrangement of double tappet bowls and cams to give a positive

page_text: driving or "picking motion
picking motion" to the shuttle in both directions; an extra
stop motion of the ordinary description is also provided, which is placed
and secured to the breast beam in a manner similar to the ordinary stop
and weft motion now employed. The swell of the intermediate shuttle
box is connected by means of a spring lever and rod with the ordinary
"frog" of the loom, the said spring lever and rod being provided for the
purpose of causing the "frog" to stop the loom in the ordinary manner
when the shuttle does not enter the intermediate shuttle box so as to
depress the "swell."
In order to understand the working of the loom from the foregoing
description I will suppose there are two separate and distinct warps
passing through the reed representing a given number of ends, one set
of warps passing through the reed between the intermediate shuttle box
and the ordinary shuttle box on the right-hand side of the loom, and the
other length of warp on the opposite or left-hand side of the intermediate
shuttle box. The intermediate and right-hand shuttle boxes are each
provided with a shuttle, and their respective picking sticks and pickers
are in a position to strike the shuttles contained in their boxes simul-
taneously across and through the "sheds" of their respective warps,
the shuttle in the right-hand box being received by the picker and
check strap of the central box, and the shuttle from the central box
being received by the picker and "check strap" of the left-hand box;
the picking stick and pickers being now in a position to the left strike
or cause the shuttle to pick in a reverse direction, and so on alternately
from box to box, the effect of which is to complete or manufacture two
distinct and separate fabrics at one and the same time.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE HEALDS' OR 'HARNESS' EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Holding at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
August 1868.
I, JOSEPH HOLDING, of Wheelton, in the County of Lancaster,
Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE HEALDS' OR 'HARNESS' EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of making or constructing
the "heald" employed for "shedding" in looms for weaving more
durable and economical than hitherto, and the improvements conist.
The heald of two distinct substances or materials, such as metal for the
top portion, that is, from the eye upwards, so as to embrace the top
heald stave and fibrous material downwards, so as to embrace the bottom
heald stave or vice versa, the construction and formation of the heald
being as follows:-The bottom portion is first knitted in the ordinary
manner, the whole length of the bottom stave of yarn composed of any
suitable strong fibrous material, after which the top of the heald in

page_text: which the eye is formed is knit and attached to the top heald stave in
the ordinary manner, such top portion being composed of fine metal
wire, or the wire and yarn may be reversed so as to form a yarn top
and metal bottom. The heald thus composed is stretched and covered
or coated with stout varnish, such as is usually employed for covering
the present fibrous heald, the said varnish being placed thereupon for
this purpose of acting first as a preservative to the upper metal and
lower fibrous material, the said surfaces thereby are also rendered more
even and uniform and the knots or other uneven surfaces are filled in
or smoothed down, preventing thereby any extra friction being exerted
when shedding between the warp threads and the combined materials
composing the healds.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN DRESSING FABRICS AND YARNS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Tucker at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th January
1868.
I, JOHN TUCKER, of Old Lenton, near Nottingham, Starch Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN DRESSING FABRICS AND YARNS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in dressing fabrics
and yarns. In dressing fabrics and yarns starch is commonly used, but
it is expensive; flour paste has also been used but is objectionable.
According to my Invention I employ rice prepared by soaking it in
caustic soda and so extracting the gluten; the rice is then washed, it
is grounded in a wet state, and the prepared rice paste so obtained is
boiled, and so it is applied to the fabrics or yarns.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANING, BORING, AND SLOTTING MACHINERY
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Scriven and William
Holdsworth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 25th September 1868.
We, CHARLES SORIVEN and WILLIAM HOLDSWORTH, both of Leeds,
in the County of York, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANING, BORING, AND SLOTTING
MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the arrangement and
construction of machinery for cross planing in combination with appa-
ratus for boring and slotting, such apparatus being adapted for being
employed in mechanical operations required for the construction of
marine engine beds, and other parts of steam or other engines or
machinery, or where the parts to be operated upon are of considerable
magnitude, the object being to keep large bodies of metal fixed and
stationary whilst being operated upon by a travelling cutting tool. This
is effected by the tool holder traversing the cross slide by means of
screws or other appliances, being self-acting and adjustable to any length
of stroke within the range of the machine. The body to be operated
upon is fixed on the table or bed plate of the machine, which is self-

page_text: acting longitudinally as an ordinary planing machine and can be so
used; by this means all parts to be operated upon are brought within
range of the several tools required for each operation. The cross slide
has a self-acting feed downwards on the face of uprights so as to be able
to plane or slot across the ends of the piece of machinery to be operated
upon. The object of this combination of machinery is to afford facility
for completing large pieces of machinery by means of one fixing, thus
insuring all parts which are planed, bored, and slotted being perfectly
true with each other, such combined operations being accomplished at
considerably less cost than by machinery such as at present employed
for these purposes.