Improvements in Apparatus for Straining Paper Pulp.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Nov., 1898-Accepted, 23rd Dec., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Straining Paper Pulp.
I, WILLIAM WORLY BEAUMONT, of Outer Temple, 222, Strand, London, W.C.,
Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to pulp-straining apparatus in which flat or slightly
curved straining plates held in a horizontal or inclined position in a rocking or
tilting vat or dish are employed and it consists in imparting a vibratory or
pulsating motion to the paper pulp by means of a vibromotor as described in the
Patents granted to me and numbered 9953 of 1892 and 20148 of 1893, suitably
attached to a diaphragm or a moving plate or other moving parts such as
commonly used in single or double pulp strainers or by cranks cams or excentrics
and in the constructive arrangements connected therewith for driving the said
vibromotor or vibromotors, cams cranks or excentrics.
When either a single or a double spindle vibromotor is used, it may be rotated
by an articulated or a flexible connection, between the spindle in a fixed bearing
and the vibrating spindle, or when the vibratory range of the diaphragms is small
the vibromotor spindle or spindles may be driven direct by a belt or belts more or
less nearly at right angles to the line of motion of the diaphragm. When two
diaphragms are used, then a single spindle vibromotor may be employed running
in bearings carried by brackets connecting the two diaphragms, so that their
vertical vibrations are alternating, the push and pull by the vibromotor spindle
in more or less nearly horizontal directions being converted into up and down
motion of the diaphragms equally & oppositely by tilting effort. When cranks
or excentrics are used the same effect is obtained by constructive arrangements
which permit the crankshaft or the spindle carrying the excentrics to be run in
bearings on the vat supports & by horizontal connecting rods to push & pull the
lower part of the said connecting brackets. When a cam is used to effect the
required vibration of the diaphragms, the cam is carried by a spindle in bearings
on the vat or its supports, the said cam or cams actuating a lever of the first order
supporting the diaphragm, or of the second order when used to operate the double
diaphragm strainer, the downward motion being effected by springs.
Hitherto it has been usual to operate the pulsating diaphragms by means of
connecting rods on cranks, the axis of which must be in line with the pivots upon
which the vat rocks.
It was necessary that the centre of oscillation of the vat should coincide
with the centre of the rotating shaft which gave motion to the pulsating
diaphragm. To avoid any difficulties introduced by this method of construction
I give motion to the diaphragms by means of vibromotors or cranks or cams which
move with the rocking vat and hence preserve the relative positions of the con-
nected moving parts whatever the range of rocking motion imparted to the vat.
My invention is illustrated by the drawings hereto:
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a tilting vat strainer with a single vibromotor. The
upper part of the machine is shewn in section along a line joining a-b of Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a plan of Fig. 1.
T

page_text: Fig. 4 is a transverse section through a rocking vat single strainer with a
double diaphragm operated by a single vibromotor the rocking motion being
imparted by worm
wheel gear
and crank similar to that employed in
Figs. 1, 2 & 3.
Fig. 5 is a transverse section of a rocking vat with double strainer with a double
diaphragm operated by a single vibromotor.
Fig. 6 is a transverse section
Fig. 7 a part sectional elevation, and
Fig. 8 part of a plan of a rocking or of a tilting vat machine with single
strainer & single diaphragm operated by a double spindle vibromotor.
Fig. 9 is a transverse section of a rocking vat single strainer and single
diaphragm machine operated by connecting rods on a crankshaft which runs in
bearings not in line or coincident with the pivot axis of the vat but in bearings
which rock with the vat.
Fig. 10 is a transverse section of part of a machine similar to that shewn by
Figs. 1, 2 & 3, but with the diaphragm operated by connecting rods on a crank-
shaft running in bearings not co-axial with the pivots on which the vat rocks,
but carried by the tilting vat and receiving angular motion with it.
Figs. 11 to 15 are modifications of double and single screen rocking vats with
diaphragms operated by cams and excentrics.
In Figs. 1, 2 & 3, the pulp vat 1 is supported on pivotting pieces 2, 2. resting
in bearings 3, 3, carried in the upper parts of the standards 4, 4, said bearings
being kept in place by the side cheeks 5, 5, and carrying the shaft 6 on which
are the three pulleys 7, 8, 9.
The shaft 6 is driven by the pulley 7 which receives motion from some con-
venient source. The pulley 8 by means of a belt drives the pulley 10 of the
vibromotor driving spindle 11. The pulley 9 drives hy belt the pulley 12 on the
worm spindle 13 the worm in the centre of which rotates the wheel 14 at a slow
speed and with it the crank pin 15, Fig. 1, which carries the pivot bearing 16 in
the lower end of the rod 17 the upper end of the rod 17 fitting loosely upon a
projecting stud 18 and thus supporting & giving motion to the pulp vat 1.
The pulp to be strained is delivered to the vat at one side or end, in the usual
way and that which passes through the screens 19 passes away through a suitable
outlet as at 20 which may be connected to a flexible delivery tube or to a metal
tube having a gland or stuffing box with axis coincident with the pivot axis on
which the vat tilts.
"
The diaphragm 21 is connected in the usual way to the bottom of the vat, by a
flexible surrounding and is supported by four springs 22, fastened to the
diaphragm and to the brackets 23 which pass under the bearings 24 for the
vibromotor spindle 25, upon which are mounted the vibromotor arms & weights 26.
The diaphragm 21 may be a cast iron plate with suitable ribs or it may be of
wrought iron or steel, brass or aluminium or other suitable metal corrugated for
stiffening purposes and with one large corrugation at the centre as indicated by
dotted lines in Fig. 3.
'
When the machine is set in motion by a belt on the pulley 7 a high speed of
rotation is imparted to the vibromotor, which sets up the required vibratory
pulsation in the paper pulp above it. The range of this motion may be varied
by varying the position of the weights 26 on the arms which carry them or by
varying the size of the weights.
At the same time a slow up & down tilting motion is imparted to the vat by
the rod 17 operated by the gearing already described by a belt on the
pulleys 9 & 12. The worm on the spindle 13 runs in an oil bath between its two
bearings 27, 27:
The bottom of the vat may be formed with a channel along either side as shewn
and from such channel or channels an outlet is provided for the pulp rejected by
the screen as at 28: The bottom of the vat may be without these channels except
so far as channels are formed by the fillets holding the screens as indicated by

page_text: dotted lines in Fig. 3, and the outlet for the coarse pulp will then be made at a
higher level.
In the modified form of machine shewn at Figs. 4 & 5, the figures employed
denote parts performing the same functions as those similarly marked in
Figs. 1, 2 & 3. The vat is mounted so as to rock on pivots at the bottom of the
standards 4, 4. These pivots 3 are hollow bushes & form the bearings for the
spindle 6, which carries the pulleys 7, 8 & 9, which receive motion from a
convenient source, and drive the vibromotor spindle, and the rocking gear respec-
tively. In both Figs. 4 & 5 two diaphragms are employed and the brackets 24
carrying bearings of the vibromotor spindle 25 are spread & have one foot attached
to each diaphragm; the springs 22 giving support to these diaphragms are
carried on the brackets 23 and bear against the bottom of the vibromotor spindle
bearing brackets 24. The diaphragms may however be supported by springs as
shewn in Figs. 2 & 3.
When the machine is in operation the vibromotor spindle exercises an alter-
nating pushing effort in all directions radially, the pushes which may be resolved
in the more or less horizontal directions giving alternately an up & down move-
ment of small range to the diaphragms while those pushes which are in the
vertical directions exercise a similar effort on the diaphragms but impart a lesser
range of motion. The proportions of the parts given in the drawings hereto are
approximately those which would be used in practice.
In Fig. 4, the vat carries one wide screen while the preferable form shewn in
Fig. 5, carries two narrower screens with a central channel for the rejected pulp,
and the screens may be inclined to the channel as shewn or away from it as.
indicated by the dotted lines.
The machine illustrated by Figs. 6, 7, & 8, has a rocking. vat 1, with single
strainer 19, and single diaphragm 21, operated by a double vibromotor having
spindles 25 & 25", motion to which communicated by the flexible or jointed
rod 11 from the spindle 11, driven by a belt on the pulley 10. The spindle 25"
is driven by a cog wheel 44, gearing into a similar one 45, so that the vibromotor
arms rotate in opposite directions and neutralise each otliers 'efforts in the
direction of an horizontal line connecting their bearings, only a vertical motion
resulting.
In the modifications shewn by Figs. 9. & 10 all the parts, such as the vat,
strainers, diaphragms, standards, rocking or tilting gear are the same as those
described with reference to Figs. 1 to 5, but in each case a crank-shaft 25 takes.
the place of the vibromotor shaft in those Figs. In Fig. 9, the crank-shaft 25 is
carried in bearings 24 fixed to the inverted. A rocking standards of the vat and
rock with them.
+
It is driven by belt on pulley 10, which receives motion. from pulley 8 on
spindle 6. The rod 26 .connects the diaphragm 21 with the crank shaft. 25.
When the motion is of very, small range, the rod 26. may be rigidly connected to
the diaphragm as shewn, or it may be preferably pivoted thereto as shewn at.
Fig. 10, by pivot and adjustable piece for taking up wear and keeping.this. pivot
always tight.
Figs. 1 to 15. shew modifications of the machines, in which the pulsating
diaphragm or diaphragms are worked by means of excentrics or cams.
Fig. 11 shews a double diaphragm with bracket supports 24, and springs 22,
the horizontal to & fro movement of the lower part of the bracket 24 being given
by an excentric 27, on a spindle 25, and through the medium of a slightly flexible
excentric, rod 26, adjustable as to position in the lower end of the bracket 24 by
a set screw 30.
The up and down movement of the diaphragms is of very small range, say
from inch to 36 inch and the alternating horizontal push of the lower end
of the bracket alternately pushes one diaphragm up and pulls the other down as
described with reference to Figs. 4 & 5. The lower end of the spring is carried
in a cup adjustable as to height, and if a spring is not used the lower end of

page_text: bracket 24 may be made to rest on the bracket 23, and have a sliding motion
thereon. Instead of springs at the bottom of the brackets as here shewn the
diaphragms may be supported by springs as in Figs. 2 & 3.
In Fig. 12, the bracket 24 is also worked by an excentric 27, and rod 26, but
instead of being supported by a spring and bracket or bracket below, the bracket
is centrally pivoted on a pin 31 in a bracket 32 and it becomes a vibrating three-
armed lever. The pin 31 is fixed in 24 and rotates in the bracket 32 and slack
or wear is taken up by the set screws 34 acting on the adjustable bearing pieces 33.
Instead of fixing the ends of the bracket or lever 24 in Figs. 4, 5, 11 & 12 rigidly
to the diaphragms they may be pivoted thereto as shewn in Fig. 13. Both
Figs. 11 & 12 may be fitted with the central channel as shewn in Fig. 12.
In Fig. 13 the bracket or arm 24 becomes a straight lever or arm extended to
26 where it carries an adjustable rubbing piece 38, upon which a cam 27 bears,
the cam being on the spindle 25, and driven by belt on the pulley 10 as in the
preceding arrangements. The arm 24 rocks upon a pin 31 in a bracket 32, and
wear upon the pin & hole in the arm are taken up by the adjusting piece 33, and
set screw 34. The diaphragms are pivoted to the rocking arm 24 at 35, 35. Fly
wheels may be preferably fixed at the ends of the spindle 25 of Figs. 9 to 15.
In Fig. 14, the arrangements are generally the same as in Fig. 13, but
springs 22, 22 are introduced to keep the diaphragm from chattering upon the
projecting pivot edges on the lever which rest in cups on the under side of the
diaphragms. The springs pull upon double links or shackles 40, 40, the lower
ends being adjustable as to tension by the screws & nuts 41, 41, but these springs
may he replaced by shorter springs in compression in which case the shackles 40
would be extended in length to embrace the springs and support them at their
lower ends.
The diaphragm in Fig. 15 is worked by an arm pivoted at 31. and to the
diaphragm at 43, the arm being extended to 26 where it is acted upon by a
cam 27, and maintained in contact therewith by the tension spring 22.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that, I do
not claim either rocking or tilting vats nor pulsating diaphragms nor side
channels in the pulp vats, but what I do claim is;-
1. In pulp straining apparatus with tilting or rocking vat or pulp vessel and
pulsating diaphragm or diaphragms, imparting pulsating motion to diaphragms
by means of mechanism which is attached to and rocks or tilts with the rat,
substantially as herein described with reference to Figs. 1 to 10.
2. In pulp straining apparatus imparting the pulsating motion to the
diaphragm by means of vibromotors substantially as herein described and shewn.
3. In pulp straining apparatus imparting the pulsating motion to the
diaphragms in approximately vertical directions by rocking arms attached thereto
& receiving motion in approximately horizontal directions substantially as herein
described with reference to Figs. 4, 5, 11 & 12.
4. Forming the strainer vat with a central channel between two lines of
strainers and diaphragms substantially as herein described & shewn.
5. In paper pulp straining apparatus imparting pulsating motion to diaphragms
by excentrics & cams and the combination of parts as described with reference to
Figs. 11 to 15.