Year: 1888

page_text: I STRETHILL HARRY WRIGHT, of St. Aidans Terrace, Claughton, in the County of
Chester, Doctor of Medicine do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to that method of raising liquids in which the liquid is raised
In connection
to a closed chamber by exhausting such chamber by an exhaust motor.
with the chamber there is employed, one or more supply pipes and one or more
delivery pipes.
The object of the present Invention is to operate apparatus involving the above
method automatically and without moving parts and this I effect in the manner I
will now describe.
To set forth the nature of this Invention I will first describe an apparatus
employing the above named parts but in which the operation is non-automatic and
moving parts are used. And then I will afterwards describe how according to this
Invention that apparatus is caused to operate automatically and without moving
parts.
Suppose it be desired to raise water from a certain level into a closed chamber say
20 ft. above it by means of an exhaust pump. If a pipe be carried from the
supply level of the water and continued upwards say through the floor of the
chamber to the upper part of its interior the end of the tube being left open in
the chamber and suppose this chamber be connected, by means of a pipe entered
to its roof, with an exhaust pump, water will rise from the lower level towards
the chamber according to the degree of exhaustion effected in the chamber and
its supply pipe by means of the exhaust pump. If the exhaustion be sufficiently
perfect and sufficiently long continued water will flow over the upper end of the

page_text: pipe and fill the chamber. If now two taps be entered one on the roof and one
to the floor of the chamber and opened the contents of the chamber will discharge
from the lower tap. If now these taps be closed so that air cannot enter the
chamber and air be again exhausted from the chamber, water will again rise into
the chamber and its contents will again be discharged by manipulating the taps
as described. This describes the non automatic apparatus having moving parts.
According to my Invention. I' effect this alternate opening and shutting of an
air supply and a discharge pipe in the chamber by an automatic action which
shall work as I have said without moving parts, and be regulated by the exhaust
motor which fills the chamber. For convenience of description I distinguish this
chamber as the pump-chamber. From the roof of the pump-chamber I produce a
pipe in lieu of the tap above specified the upper extremity of which is open to
the pump chamber the lower extremity of which is placed in a small vessel filled
with the fluid to be pumped into the pump-chamber. This pipe I call the air
pipe of my apparatus, and the receptacle in which it is placed I call the regulating
vessel, the opening of the air pipe into the pump-chamber is so restricted that it
will not pass sufficient fluid to cloke the air-pump connection. I attach the pipe
connection from the exhaust motor not to the roof of the pump-chamber but to
the air-pipe above it. The perpendicular measurement from the highest point of
this air-pipe to the fluid level in the regulating well must exceed the perpendicular
measurement from the top of the supply-pipe or roof of the pump-chamber to the
supply level. If now the exhaust-pump be brought into action, equal fluid
columns will rise in the supply pipe and in the air-pipe. These columns will rise
equally until the level of the upper orifice of the supply-pipe is reached. The
column in the air-pipe will then cease to rise while the pump-chamber fills with
fluid.
When this is effected the fluid will rise towards the connection with the
exhaust-pump with the pump-chamber and also in the air-pipe, but as the orifice from
the pump-chamber is restricted sufficient fluid cannot pass to choke the exhaust-pump
connection. The exhaust pipe therefore continues to suck fluid up the air-pipe from
the regulating well until that vessel is emptied, air then rushes up the air pipe into
the pump-chamber, the exhaust action is stopped and the water column falls back in the
supply pipe. If the dischargo tap above specified be replaced by a U shaped tube
the U of which is deeper in perpendicular measurement than either the supply-pipe or
the air-pipe and if this U be filled with the fluid to be pumped it is evident that when
the pump-chamber is exhausted the atmospheric pressure while causing a rise in the
supply pipe and the air-pipe will by forcing part of the contents of the U into the
closed pump chamber cause a depression of the fluid in the open leg of the U, but as
the depth of that U is greater than the height of the supply-pipe or the air-pipe the
pump-chamber will be filled and the contents of the regulating chamber be sucked
through the air-pipe before the contents of the U will be sucked round its bend.
Therefore so soon as air is admitted to the pump-chamber through the air-pipe as
just described the atmospheric pressure will first refill the open leg of the from the
pump-chamber and then discharge the contents of the pump-chamber through the U.
Hence in a pump-chamber fitted as described with a supply-pipe and an air-pipe with
its regulating vessel a U shaped discharge pipe fitted and charged as described is
provided a reliable automatic means or mode and without working parts of sealing
that pump-chamber during exhaustion and discharging it as described. This U I call
the discharge pipe of the apparatus.
To complete the automatic action of this apparatus it is only necessary that a portion
of the fluid discharged from the open end of the U should be introduced to the
regulating vessel in such a manner that the pump chamber should have nearly
discharged its contents before the end of the air-pipe in the regulating vessel is sealed.
This I effect by making the regulating vessel double, the two compartments being
connected by a syphon pipe. The first of these is filled from the U discharge pipe
at a regulated speed so that the bend of the connecting syphon is reached whilst the
discharge of the pump-chamber is completed, its contents are then syphoned into the

page_text: second compartment of the regulating vessel and the end of the air pipe is sealed
at once preparatory to a resumption of the exhaustion and discharge of the
pump-chamber.
Instead of using water to control the air supply and water delivery pipes I may use
other fluids. For instance mercury may be used and in such a case of course the
depth of the mercury in the pipe controlling the water delivery and the air pipe will
be less than when water is employed for that purpose but in all cases it will be
proportional to the differences of the specific gravities of the two liquids.
The form of exhaust motors I may use for effecting the exhaustion of the
pump chamber are various, any of the well known exhaust pumps being suitable,
including that type of motor in which exhaustion of air, or gases is effected, by causing
fluid (water) to flow down pipes part bore, that is by charging such pipes with fluid
less than their full bore capacity.
This form of exhaust pump when combined and operating with the above described
mode of and apparatus for pumping fluids constitutes a complete automatic mode of
pumping fluids and apparatus and appliances therefor having no moving parts.
The water to actuate this form of pump may be taken from a well placed in the
upper part of the pump chamber and into which the water supplied to the chamber
first falls or it may be placed outside such chamber and fed by water in any
convenient way. Into this well I place a cap and within this сар I place the feed
pipe to the motor pipes. The cap communicates by a pipe with the air supply pipe
and is so arranged that when the pump chamber is emptied and the air supply pipe
sealed in the regulating chamber and such chamber is exhausted by allowing the
water in it to fall down a tube part bore, air will be drawn through the air pipe and
exhaustion will take place in the cap, the water will therefore rise in the cap and
supply water to the motor feed pipes and when the chamber is full and the air supply
is open the water will fall in the cap and the motor feed will cease. Hence the mode
of operation of the pump is as follows:-Assuming the pump-chamber is being filled
by the exhaust motor the supply of feed to the exhaust motor is maintained by the
rise of the fluid in the feed pipe cap. Then as soon as the chamber is full and air is
admitted to the pump chamber as above described the fall of the fluid in the cap below
the orifice of the feed pipe causes the action of the exhaust pump to cease, and it
remains inoperative until the pump-chamber is emptied to the required degree, that is
until the regulating vessel.before described is supplied with water and the air supply
cut off, when the extraction of air from the cap causes the water in the cap of the feed
pipe to rise and charge such feed pipe. The action of the pump is thereby started
and the filling of the pump chamber is again commenced. This completes the cycle
of effects or operations of the pump such cycle consisting of (1) the action of the pump
during the period of filling. (2) a stopping of such action. (3) a period of inaction,
and (4) the restarting of the pump, all of which operations are automatically
effected.
My Invention further consists in effecting the proper action or working of the fluid
used in the pipes of exhaust motors of the above described type, in respect of the
action of the exhaust effect on one pipe upon another or others. To this end I seal
the ends of the motor pipes by the liquid flowing down them and in this seal but
above the level of the ends of the motor pipes I introduce an air pipe or pipes the
other end of which is or connected to the upper portion of the exhaust pipe or pipes.
The operation of this is :-That when the supply of liquid is given to the exhaust tubes
it will without hinderance flow down all such tubes because air rushes up the air tube
above specified and no exhaustion in the draw pipes take place. The action continues
until the lower end of the air tube becomes sealed when the supply of air to the
exhaust tubes is shut off. So soon as this is done the exhaust action. commences, but
meanwhile all the exhaust tubes have been equally charged will exert an equal degree
of exhaust power. To empty the seal when the action of the exhaust is over and
make it ready for the next commencement of the exhaust motor pipes I provide a
syphon of the required capacity; this capacity will be less than that required to take
the whole of the fluid discharged from the exhaust pipes.

page_text: The above description of parts constructed arranged and operating according to
my Invention sets forth one example only of apparatus involving in its operation
my Invention I therefore wish it to be understood that I do not intend to limit my
rights under this application for Patent to that precise construction or exact mode
of operation, as although apparatus constructed and operating as above described
is efficient yet the parts necessary to carry out my Invention may be arranged
combined and constructed in various ways. I would further state that I also do
not confine my rights under this Invention to the use of the whole of the parts
in combination and the whole of the mode of operation as it may be applied either as
a whole or in part to existing modes of and apparatus for raising fluids.
Dated this 23rd day of February 1888.

page_text: Improvements in and Connected with Exhaust Pumps for
Raising Fluids.
I, STRETHILL HARRY WRIGHT, of 8 Saint Aidan's Terrace, Claughton, in the
County of Chester, Doctor of Medicine, do hereby declare the nature of iny said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In
This Invention relates to that method of raising liquids in which the liquid is
raised to a closed chamber by exhausting such chainber by an exhaust motor.
connection with the chamber there is employed, one or more supply pipes and one
or more delivery pipes.
The object of the present Invention is to operate apparatus involving the above
method automatically and without moving parts and this I effect in the manner I
will now describe.
To set forth the nature of this Invention I will first describe an apparatus
employing the above named parts but in which the operation is non-automatic and
moving parts are used. And then I will afterwards describe how according to
this Invention that apparatus is caused to operate automatically and without
moving parts.
Suppose it be desired to raise water from a certain level into a closed chamber
say 20 feet above it by means of an exhaust pump. If a pipe bo carried from the
supply level of the water and continued upwards say through the floor of the chamber
to the upper part of its interior the upper end of the tube being left open in the
chainber, and suppose this chamber be connected by means of a pipe entored to its
roof, with an exhaust pump, water will rise from the lower level towards the chamber
according to the degree of exhaustion effected in the chamber and its supply pipe
by means of the exhaust pump. If the exhaustion be sufficiently perfect, and
sufficiently long continued, water will flow over the upper end of the pipe and fill
the chamber. If two taps entered one on the roof and one to the floor of the
chamber now be opened, the contents of the chamber will discharge from the lower
tap. If now these taps be closed so that air cannot enter the chamber and air be
again exhausted from the chamber, water will again rise into the chamber and its
contents will again be discharged by manipulating the taps as described. This
describes the non-automatic apparatus having moving parts.
According to my Invention I effect this alternate opening and shutting of an air
supply and a discharge pipe in the chamber by an automatic action which shall work
as I have said without moving parts and be regulated by the exhaust motor which
fills the chamber. For convenience of description I distinguish this chamber as the
pump-chamber. From the roof of the pump-chamber I produce a pipe in lieu of the
tap above specified the upper extremity of which is open to the pump-chamber
the lower extremity of which is placed in a small vessel filled with tbe fluid to be
pumped into the pump-chamber. This pipe I call the air-pipe of my apparatus, and
the receptacle in which it is placed I call the regulating vessel, the opening of the
air pipe into the pump chamber being so arranged that fluid does not pass into

page_text: the air-pump connection. I attach the pipe connection from the exhaust motor not
to the roof of the pump chamber but to the air-pipe above it. The perpendicular
measurement from the highest point of this air-pipe to the fluid level in the regulating
well must exceed the perpendicular measurement from the top of the supply pipe or
roof of the pump-chamber to the supply level. If now the exhaust pump be brought
into action equal fluid columns will rise in the supply pipe and in the air pipe. These
columns will rise equally until the level of the upper orifice of the supply pipe is
reached. The column in the air-pipe will then cease to rise while the punip-chamber
fills with fluid. When this is effected the fluid will rise towards the connection with
the exhaust pump with the pump-chamber and also in the air-pipe, but as the orifice
from the pump-chamber is restricted sufficient fluid cannot pass to choke the exhaust-
pump connection. The exhaust pipe therefore continues to suck fluid up the air pipe
from the regulating well until that vessel is emptied, air then rushes up the air-pipe
into the pump-chamber, the exhaust action is stopped and the water column falls back
in the supply pipe. If the discharge tap above specified be replaced by a U shaped
tube the U of which is deeper in perpendicular measurement either the supply pipe or
the air-pipe and if this Ụ be filled with the fluid to be pumped it is evident that when
the pump-chamber is exhausted the atmospheric pressure while causing a rise in the
supply pipe and the air-pipe will be forcing part of the contents of the U into the
closed pump-chamber cause a depression of the fluid in the open leg of the U but as
the depth of that U is greater than the height of the supply pipe or the air-pipe the
pump-chamber will be filled and the contents of the regulating chamber be sucked
through the air-pipe before the contents of the U will be sucked round its bend.
Therefore as soon as air is admitted to the pump-chamber through the air-pipe as
just described the atmospheric pressure will first refill the open leg of the U from the
pump-chamber and then discharge the contents of the pump-chamber through the U.
Hence in a pump-chamber, fitted as described, with a supply-pipe, and an air pipe
with its regulating vessel, a U shaped discharge pipe fitted and charged as described,
is provided a reliable automatic means or mode of sealing that pump-chamber during
exhaustion and discharging it as described. This UI call the discharge pipe of the
apparatus.
To complete the automatic action of this apparatus it is only necessary that a
portion of the fluid discharged from the open end of the U should be introduced to
the regulating vessel in such a manner that the pump-chamber should have nearly
discharged its contents before the end of the air-pipe in the regulating vessel is sealed.
This I effect by making the regulating vessel double, the two compartments being
connected by a syphon pipe. The first of these is filled from the U discharge pipe
at a regulated speed so that the bend of the connecting syphon is reached whilst the
discharge of the pump-chamber is completed, its contents are then syphoned into
the second compartment of the regulating vessel and the end of the air pipe is sealed
at once preparatory to a resumption of the exhaustion and discharge of the pump-
chamber.
Instead of using water to control the air supply and water delivery .pipes I may
use other fluids. For instance mercury may be used and in such a case of course
the depth of the mercury in the pipe controlling the water delivery and air pipe will
be less than when water is employed for that purpose but in all cases it will be
proportional to the difference of the specific gravities of the two liquids.
The form of exhaust motors I may use for effecting the exhaustion of the pump
chamber are various any of the well known exhaust pumps being suitable including
that type of motor in which exhaustion of air or gases is effected by causing fluid
(water) to flow down pipes part bore that is by charging such pipes with fluid less
than their full capicity.
This form of exhaust pump when combined and operating with the above described
mode of and apparatus for pumping fluids constitutes a complete automatic mode of
pumping fluids and apparatus therefor having no moving parts. The water taken to
actuate this form of pump may be taken from a well placed in the upper part of the
pump-chamber and into which the water supplied to the chamber first falls or it may

page_text: be placed outside such chamber and fed by water in any convenient way. Into this
well I place a cap and within the cap I place feed pipes to the motor pipes. The cap
communicates by a pipe with the air supply pipe and is so arranged that when the
pump-chamber is emptied and the air supply pipe is sealed in the regulating chamber
and such chamber is exhausted by allowing the water in it to fall down a tube part
bore, air will be drawn through the air pipe and exhaustion will take place in the cap
the water will rise in the cup and supply water to the motor feed pipes, and when
the chamber is full and the air supply is open the water will fall in the cup
and the motor feed will cease. Hence the mode of operation of the pump is as
follows:-
:-
Assuming the pump chamber is being filled by the exhaust motor the supply of
feed to the exhaust motor is maintained by the rise of the fluid in the feed pipe cup.
Then as soon as the chamber is full and air is admitted to the pump-chamber as above
described the fall of the fluid in the cup below the orifice of the feed pipe causes the
action of the exhaust-pump to cease; and it remains in operation till the pump chamber
is emptied to the required degree, that is, until the regulating vessel before described
is supplied with water and the air supply cut off, when a sufficient rarefaction of air
within the pump chamber causes the water in the cup of the feed pipe to raise and
charge such feed pipe. The action of the pump is thereby started and the filling of
the pump-chamber again commenced. This completes the cycle of effects or
operations of the pump such cycle consisting of (1) the action of the pump during the
period of filling, (2) a stopping of such action. (3) the period of inaction and
discharge, and (4) the restarting of the pump all of which operations are automatically
effected.
My Invention further consists in effecting the proper action or working of the fluid
used in the pipes of exhaust motors of the above described type in respect of the
action of the exhaust effect of one pipe upon another or others. To this end I seal
the ends of the motor pipes by the liquid flowing down them and in this seal but
above the level of the ends of the motor pipes I introduce an air pipe or pipes the
other end of which is or are connected to the upper portion of the exhaust pipe or
pipes. The operation of this is that when the supply of liquid is given to the
exhaust tubes it will without hinderance flow down all such tubes because air rushes
up the air tube above specified and no exhaustion in the draw pipes takes place. The
action continues until the lower end of the air tube becomes sealed when the supply of
air to the exhaust tubes is shut off. So soon as this is done the exhaust action
commences: but meanwhile all the exhaust tubes have been equally charged and will
exert an equal degree of exhaust power. To empty the seal when the action of the
exhaust is over and make it ready for the next commencement of the exhaust motor
pipes I provide an outlet of regulated capacity; the capacity will be less than that
required to take the whole of the fluid discharged from the exhaust pipes.
The above description sets forth generally the nature of my Invention, but to make
the same more clear so as to enable others skilled in the art or arts to which it belongs,
or is most nearly connected, I will now proceed to describe it with the aid of the
accompanying drawings.
For the sake of simplicity the drawings have been made in diagram, and illustrate
apparatus adapted to operate according to my Invention.
Figure 1 is a view showing a known form of water raising apparatus to which my
Invention is not applied, but in connection with which it may be and has reference
to the following views-most conveniently set forth and illustrated. In the figure w. s.
represents a fixed level from which it is proposed to pump water or other liquid;
A is the chamber into which the liquid is to be pumped; B is the supply pipe through
which the liquid at w. s. is to be raised into the chamber A; C is a pipe connecting
the chamber A with an exhaust motor of any suitable known kind; D is the air
supply pipe or passage controlled by a tap or valve v. a is a cap or dome in the
roof of the chamber A covering the end of the supply pipe B. In operation the
communication between the chamber A and the exhaust motor being established
through the pipe C, air will be exhausted from the chamber, and fluid will rise from

page_text: the level w. s. through the pipe B. If the top of the pipe B be below the barometric
height of the fluid to be raised, and if the exhaustion of A be sufficiently perfect,
the fluid raised will overflow from the delivery orifice of the pipe B, into the
chamber A, and fill the latter. If now the valves v, v be opened, the column in the
pipe B will fall back to w. s., and the fluid contents of the chamber A will discharge
through E. If the valves and ¹ be now closed fluid will again rise from the
level w. s. as before, and the operation may be repeated.
This apparatus as herein after set forth I cause to be operated, and the opening
and closing of the passages D and E to be performed, automatically, and at the precise
juncture when the chamber A is full and has to be discharged, and when the chamber
is empty to refill. The apparatus illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 is designed to operate
according to my Invention and to provide an arrangement which will control the
filling and discharge of the chamber A without the use of moving parts.
In Figure 2 is shown an apparatus in which the moving part controlling the
pipe E in Figure 1., that is the valve v', is dispensed with, the other parts being the
same. In the Figure, E is a bent or U tube and is employed in substitution for
the valve v¹, the depth of which tube is greater than the height of the pipe B. In
action, in this apparatus the U tube E is first filled with the fluid to be pumped, and
the exhaust connection being opened, fluid rises from the level w. s. into the
chamber A as before. But as the fluid column rises in the pipe B, so in equal
proportions the fluid, in the attached leg of the pipe E, rises into the chamber, and
the column in the unattached leg will sink until the extreme height in the pipe B is
reached, and the chamber A begins to fill: the column in the pipe E will then cease
to sink until the chamber is full. If when the chamber A is full the valve v be opened
and air admitted, the fluid in the supply pipe B will fall as previously described with
reference to Figure 1, and the contents of the chamber will discharge through the
pipe E. But this pipe will remain full when the chamber A has discharged. Then
if the valve v be closed, the above action will be repeated.
In Figure 3 there is illustrated an arrangement in which both the moving parts,
that is, the valve v and the valve v specified with reference to Figure 1, are dispensed
with, namely the valve v is substituted by the U pipe E, and the valve v by the
arrangement as follows:-
and
The valve in the pipe D is replaced by the parts consisting of the pipe D as
illustrated, a chest D', a pipe F, a seal vessel F1, a pipe F3, a charging vessel F,
a regulated opening or pipe E' on the bend of the unattached leg of the pipe E.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:-The U discharge pipe is first filled
as before, but part of its contents, when it is full, are caused to overflow through the
tap E' and fill the vessel F, until the small syphon in it, discharges the contents of
vessel F, into the vessel F¹. If now the connection with the exhaust motor be
opened, liquid will rise into the chamber A, and the action in the pipe E will be as
set forth with reference to Figure 2. But also a liquid column will rise in the pipe F,
from the seal vessel F1, and will rise equally with the column in the supply pipe B.
When the fluid is rising in the pipe B reaches its delivery orifice, the liquid in the
pipe F will cease to rise, while the chamber A fills. When the chamber A is full to
the top, fluid will further rise from it up into the pipe D, and the liquid will again
commence to rise in the pipe F, keeping pace with the column in the pipe D. The
liquid in the pipe F will, when the entry of the contents thereof into the chamber D¹
is reached, overflow into the vessel D¹, and the column in the pipe D from the
chamber A will cease to rise. So soon as the contents of the vessel F are drawn by
the exhaust through the pipe F into the vessel D', air will follow up the pipe F, the
contents of the vessel D will be forced by atmospheric pressure over the bend of
the pipe D into the chamber and the same pressure will discharge the contents of the
chamber A through the pipe E. While the pipe E is discharging the contents of
the chamber A, a regulated portion of its discharge passes into the small vessel F',
and fills it, as the chamber A empties. When the liquid in the vessel F' has risen
above the bend of the syphon in said vessel, it discharges itself by such syphon
through the pipe F³ into the vessel F¹, and seals the lower end of the pipe F. So

page_text: soon as the pipe F is sealed, the exhaust through the pipe C again begins to
withdraw the air from the chamber A, and the cycle of the action of the apparatus
recommences.
The converse arrangement to the one just described by which the air. may be
supplied to the chamber A, consists in regulating the size or capacity of the
vessel w. s. in which the supply pipe B is placed. For instance if this vessel be
smaller than the chamber A and no liquid be supplied to it during the filling action
of the chamber A, then this vessel would be emptied before A is full, and air will
be admitted to the chamber A and it will discharge. Any known suitable
intermittent liquid supply apparatus may be used to deliver the fluid to w. s. as
required. In this case the parts designated F, F1, F2, F3, are dispensed with.
arrangement illustrating this mode of operation is shown in Figure 4.
An
In this arrangement of pump the liquid supply pipe also serves as the air supply
pipe, and the exhaust motor is a tube down which water is caused to flow part-bore
as above specified and as set forth in the specification of my former Patent No. 546965.
It may be assumed that in this example is desired to raise water from the level W. S.-
this supply of which is intermittent to the level W S', and the motor fluid is
obtained from the vessel or tank K, which may be supplied with fluid from any
suitable source. In this instance J is the supply vessel, which is of smaller capacity
than the chamber A; F is a syphon pipe having a sealing device acting in connection
with the discharge orifice of it, which constitutes the means by which the starting of
the apparatus is effected; B is the supply pipe and air pipe combined provided with
an auxilliary air pipe n, and seal vessel n¹; C is a syphon pipe to feed the exhaust
motor pipe c, and to which the fluid is admitted to charge it part-bore, and A¹ is a
non-emptying trap..
The sealing device of the pipe F consists of a bar m, having its fulcrum at m³,
and provided with a floater m² at one end, and a cup m³ in which mercury is placed.
The mercury scals or closes the end of the pipe F when the vessel J is full, as the
lever 'm is so balanced that the floater end keeps the seal m³ up to the end of the
pipe; when, however, the vessel J becomes filled the fluid lifts the floater m², and
unseals the end of the pipe 1.
In operation, assuming the vessel A is being filled, and the vessel J nearly
empty; then, as soon as the water in the vessel J falls below the cup vessel n³,
the water remaining in the vessel will be forced up the pipe n before any more
is taken out of the vessel J, and therefore it will be quickly emptied; whereupon,
air flows up it (the pipe n), and the pipe J above the junction therewith of the
pipe, and the water in the supply pipe below the point of junction of the two
pipes B, n, falls into the vessel J. The admission of air to the chamber A causes
it at once to discharge its contents through the pipe E, the air being also supplied
through the pipe C to the bend of the syphon C; after the discharge has taken
place, the pump chamber A will remain empty, until the vessel J has become
filled, and when this latter vessel is full, pipes B, n are sealed, and the end of
the syphon pipe F4 will be unsealed, by the raising of the water m³ as described;
the long leg of the syphon F then causes it to act, and draw liquid from both
legs of the pipe E to the level of the point of junction of these pipes. By this
action, namely, by the lowering of the liquid in the legs of the pipe E, a partial
vacuum will be caused in the chamber A, and this will exhaust a portion of the
air out of the syphon C, and will thereby cause it to come into action, and by
the continuation of action, namely, by the effect of the part-bore charge of fluid
down the air from the chamber A will be exhausted through the pipe C,
and it will refill. When it has become full, the chamber J will be emptied, and
air will be again supplied to the chamber A and syphon C, and the above
described action will be repeated.
In Figure 5 is illustrated an apparatus in which the syphon pump set forth in
the specification of Letters Patent No. 546985 is combined with the apparatus set
forth with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3, in such a
manner that the whole
constitutes a self contained, automatic, valveless pump; 1 refer to Figure 2 sheet 1
延

page_text: of the Specification of the Letters Patent above named. The contents of the
apparatus shown in this Figure are discharged by the opening of the two taps,
and there are certain other moving parts described in the Specification by which
the action of the apparatus is controlled.
Figure 5 of the present Specification shows how the same syphonic action is
retained, but is combined with the discharging apparatus, as set forth with reference
to Figures 1, 2 and 3.
In Figure 5, ws is the fluid supply, A the chamber, A' a cupped shape
receptacle in the chamber A, open at the top, and B the supply pipe, which
connects the fluid supply with the chamber A. This pipe passes through the
bottom of the chamber A and the receptacle A¹, and is made tight at the points
of passage therethrough, supports the receptacle A¹ in the chamber A, and ends
at B₁ as shown. C is the motor exhaust whose action is fully described as D in
the Specification of Letters Patent No. 546985, but in this apparatus it is slightly
modified. is a cap passing through the roof of the chamber A and made tight at
the point of passage through said roof. C² is a pipe passing through the floors
of the receptacle A¹ and chamber A, and made tight at the points of passage
through said floors; it is continued upwards into the cap C, and is pierced with
a hole at p, which admits a part bore charge to the pipe at the level of the
roof of the chamber A: it is continued downwards into a vessel C³, where
it ends near the floor thereof. The vessel (³ is attached to the floor of the
chamber A.
C is a tube passing from the upper part of the vessel (3³
vessel with the pipe as shown: it is furnished with a tap c.
the pipe of the cap c' and C is a tap fitted to the vessel C³.
connecting that
C³ is a tap on
D is a small vessel placed on the roof of the chamber A, and D is a small
tube which connects the vessel D with the upper end of the exhaust motor (.
D is a tube which connects the vessel D with the pipe F, and D³ is a tube
which connects the vessel D with the interior of the chamber A. The pipes D²
and D³ trap each other within the vessel D. I) is a tap fitted to the vessel D.
F is the air supply pipe, it is jointed to the continuation of the cap (above
the trap C, and communicates with the vessel D by the pipe D². The pipe Fis
bent round and is carried down to end in the two chambered vessel F1, F2, it is
made light at the point of passage through the roof of the vessel F2, and its end
is close to the floor of that chamber.
The vessel F, F, consists of two superimposed chambers, in the upper one of
which a syphon discharge pipe F³ is provided, which empties the contents of the
vessel F, into the vessel F2, when the former is full, and the level of the liquid
therein rises above the level of the bend of the syphon F. F is an exhaust
motor which brings the apparatus into action after the chamber A has been
discharged.
E is the shaped discharge pipe of the chamber A. E is a pipe connecting
the pipe E and the vessel F, by which a proportional quantity of the discharge
of the pipe E is passed into the vessel F¹; the volume so delivered being regulated
by the trap F³.
In operation fluid is passed into the chamber D, through the tap D', until it
overflows through the pipe D³ and fills the receptacle A¹. The vessel C³ is filled
through the tap C, and both the tap D and C are shut. The tap D₁ is set so
as to give the part bore charge to the pipe C as described in Specification of
Patent No. 546985. Fluid is poured into the vessel F1 until it discharges into
the vessel F2 and flows down the starting exhaust pipo F, and as the syphon F³
is of such a size as only to supply the pipe F part bore, that pipe acts as a part
bore exhaust, and withdraws air from the pipe F, from the pipe D2 and from the
pipe. at C. The fluid in the vessel 1) then rises up the pipe D², and the fluid
in the receptacle A' rises in the cap C till it overflows through the hole p, and
falls down the pipe C into the vessel C³, filling the pipe (part bore, and
causing the fluid in the pipe C still further to rise over the top of C and fill

page_text: But while
that pipe full bore. The fluid which passes down the pipe C2 fills the vessel C³,
and air flows into the pipe C through the pipe C. But the tap c on C is so
regulated that it only permits a part bore charge to the pipe C, which consequently
exhausts air from the upper part of the pipes C, D¹ and the chamber. A through
the vessel D and pipe D³. Vacuity is thereby caused in the chamber A, and the
fluid in w. s. rises into the chamber A through the supply pipe B. This fluid
first falls into the receptacle A¹, overflows it and fills the chamber A.
fluid has been rising from the pipe B it has also been rising from the vessel F2.
in the pipe F, with a column equal in height to that in the pipe B. When the
fluid overflows at B₁, the column stops rising in the pipe F till the chamber A
is full. When the chamber A is full its contents still further rise through the
pipe D and the pipe at C. But the orifices of the pipes D³ and at C are not
together of size sufficient to give a full bore charge to the pipe C: the exhaust
action of the pipe C therefore still continues through the pipes D₁ and D², and
the contents of the vessel F2 are consequently drawn up through the pipe F.
Air follows the water and the atmospheric pressure is so admitted to, and allowed
to act on the contents of the chamber A, and causes the chamber A to discharge
through its discharge pipe E. At the same time the atmospheric pressure causes
the fluid to sink in the pipe at C³, and the discharge of the motor pipe C³ to
cease.
While the discharge pipe E is discharging a specified portion of its discharge falls
through the pipe E into the upper chamber of the double vessel F1, F2, and when the
vessel F¹ is full, it discharges through the syphon pipe F³ into the vessel F2, and
seals the lower end of the air pipe F, thus stopping the discharge of the chamber A.
Again as at starting the motor F* acts as described, and by its exhaust action on the
pipe at C, causes the pipe C to supply the motor C from the receptacle A' which
has remained full when the chamber A discharged the falling of the fluid in the
pipe Cexhausts the receiver A, and fluid again rises into A replenishes the loss from
the receptacle and refils the chamber A. The vessel A' must be of sufficient capacity
to supply the pipe C, until fluid is raised from w. 8. and overflows the delivery orifice
of the pipe B'.
°
In exhaust apparatus of this description it is evident, that the motor power is the
weight of the air and water column falling.down the part-bore exhaust pipe, which
raises a solid column in the supply, air, and discharge pipes, towards the vacuum
produced in the pump chamber by the further action of the water falling part bore
down the motor pipe which conveys air with it in its fall: but if the motor consists of
several pipes having, as is necessary, a common connection with the pump chamber,
a difficulty arises from the intrinsic action of the machine, because one or more
of these pipes become charged before the others, the air and water columns in them will
act as exhausts on the others, and by drawing air up them destroy the exhaust
action of the water as concerns the pump chamber. In Figure 5 suppose C done
away with, and the pipes (2 removed from the chamber C, and suppose D¹ attached to
a pump chamber. If the pipes C2 in Figures 6 first take the water charge instead
of drawing air through D, they will draw air through C, and no exhaust of the
closed chamber with which D' is connected will occur.
A means by which I cause the motor fluid used in the pipes of exhaust motors of
the type herein described, and referred to, to exhaust equally, is illustrated in Figure 6.
In this Figure C is the exhaust pipe to which the chamber or space to be exhausted
is attached. c¹ is a cross pipe and e² are a series of exhaust pipes down which the
motor liquid is caused to flow charging them part-bore; c is a vessel used to seal and
unseal the ends of the pipes c²; c is a pipe used to admit air to the pipe Cat certain
times, and dipping into the vessel C³; and C is a regulated discharge pipe to the
vessel c'..
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-When the motor liquid is admitted in
regulated quantities so as to charge the pipes part-bore (in the manner described in
the Specification of my former Letters Patent No. 546985) the lower ends of the
pipes C being entirely out of the water in the vessel c³, water will flow equally

page_text: all through the four pipes by reason of the free admission of air to the pipe C by e
(the lower end of which is above F.W.L.) and the consequent absence of a diminished
pressure within the pipe C. As soon as the liquid in the vessel C³ rises and seals the
end of the pipe e the exhaust action of the pipes c² will commence, and pressure in
the pipe will be diminished, but by the time the scaling of the pipe is made, the
pipes will all have become properly charged with liquid, and they will then continue
to act together as exhausts of the closed chamber to which they are attached.
Assuming this apparatus be applied to the pump illustrated in Figure 5 the
discharge from the vessel C³ must be so regulated that after the liquid to the pipe C
is stopped, as described, and before the recommencement of the action of the pipe F
the liquid in the vessel C³ shall have fallen from F. W. L to E. W. L. The F: W. L
is maintained by a pipe c6.
,
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I would state that although I have
particularly described certain special examples of apparatus for raising liquids, and
the manner of raising liquids by them, nevertheless I do not bind or confine myself
to the special forms of construction of the apparatus or parts thereof above described,
for it will be evident to those skilled in the art of making pumping machinery, that
the several details or parts of the apparatus herein specified, and the exact arrange-
ment or deposition of them, as well as their forms, may be varied indefinitely without
departing from the nature, spirit or scope of my said invention. Different forms of
pumping apparatus of the kind herein specified can be devised to meet the require-
ments of special cases, but in all, the essential feature, is the use of an apparatus so
constructed and adapted to operate that its filling and discharge are accomplished
without the use of valves or other moving parts, and i declare that what 1 claim in
respect to the herein described Invention is:-
1. Actuating exhaust pumps in the manner herein described, which consists in
exhausting a chamber and thereby causing the liquid to rise into and fill said chamber,
then by continuing the exhaust action after the chamber has become substantially
filled, causing the liquid seal to be broken, whereby air is admitted to the said
chamber and the contents of the chamber are discharged.
2. The employment in connection with.exhaust pumps of the kind herein described,
of a discharge device consisting of a pipe or passage constituting a liquid trap
adapted to prevent the admission of air to the pump chamber during its filling, and
when the chamber is full and air admitted thereto, to allow the contents of the
chamber to discharge therethrough; substantially in the manner set forth.
3. In a fluid pump in which a chamber is employed, and into which the fluid is
raised by exhausting same, arranging the fluid supply, air and discharge pipes or
conduits, in such a manner, that the columns of fluid of the discharge pipe is, for all
degrees of exhaustion in the pump chamber and parts connected therewith, of greater
vertical length than that of the supply and air pipes or conduits; whereby the said
discharge pipe remains sealed until and when the column and seal of the said air or
supply pipes becomes removed or broken.
4. In an exhaust pump the herein described method of sealing the air supply pipe
thereof, which consists in causing a volume of fluid to be supplied to the seal of the
air supply pipe when the contents of the pump chamber shall have become discharged,
the supply being of sufficient quantity to fill the air supply pipe whilst the chamber is
under exhaustion, and the supply to the said vessel being so given that the air pipe
does not become sealed during the discharge of the said pump chamber.
5. The herein described means for breaking or making a liquid seal specified
in claim 1, which consists in the use of a tube or tubes, such as F, and a vessel,
such as F¹, said vessel F¹ being supplied with fluid from the discharge pipe of the
apparatus, and the pipe F being in communication with the exhaust pipe of
the apparatus; substantially as set forth.
.
6. A pumping apparatus operating substantially in the manner set forth with
reference to Figure 3 of the Drawings.

page_text: 7. The pumping apparatus consisting of the chamber A, supply pipe B, air supply
device comprising the parts D, D, F, F¹, F³, and the U shaped discharge pipe E;
arranged and operating substantially as set forth with reference to Figure 3 of the
Drawings.
8. In exhaust pumps for raising fluids the combination of a chamber adapted to
receive and discharge fluid, a fluid supply pipe, an air supply device operated automa-
tically and without moving parts in the manner described, and a discharge device or
pipe operated automatically and without moving parts in the manner described, the
said chamber being exhausted by any suitable exhausting device or apparatus.
9. In exhaust pumps for raising fluids, the combination of a chamber adapted to
receive and discharge fluid, a fluid supply pipe, and air supply device operated
automatically and without moving parts, in the manner described, a discharge device
or pipe operated automatically and without moving parts in the manner described,
and an air exhausting device operated by fluid Howing part-bore down tubes as
described, and adapted to exhaust said chamber.
10. The herein described method of raising fluids by causing a portion of the fluid
raised into a chamber to run part bore down a tube or tubes connected with said
chamber, thereby exhausting air from the chamber, and when substantially filled
causing the exhaust action to continue and to break a liquid seal and admit air to the
chamber, and conducting the contents of this chamber through a discharge pipe
constituting a deep trap operating substantially in the manner set forth.
11. A pumping apparatus consisting of a chamber A, a fluid supply pipe B, an air
exhaust device comprising the parts C, C₁, C³, 0, 0³ and receptacle A¹-an
air supply device comprising the parts D, D, F, F2,-restarting device comprising
the parts F, F, F, E, F, and the discharge pipe E; arranged and operating
substantially as set forth with reference to Figure 5.
12. An exhaust pump for rising fluids of the type herein described, adapted to
operate without mechanical valves or moving parts; substantially as set forth.
13. The method herein described of charging a plurality of tubes or pipes with a
part boro charge of fluid for attaining an exhaust action in all the tubes coinbined in
the apparatus a practically equal distribution of fluid thereto, and an exhaust action
thereby, which consists in admitting air to the liquid supply pipes at the commence-
ment of the supply of liquid to said pipes or tubes, and then causing such supply
to be cut off; substantially as set forth.
14. In a part bore charge exhaust apparatus of the type herein described, the
combination of a plurality of exhaust pipes or tubes, a vessel for containing liquid to
seal the ends of the said tubes, and an air supply pipe controlled by the level of liquid
in said vessel; operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
15. A pumping apparatus operating as set forth with reference to Figure 4 wherein
the supply to the reservoir is so restricted and the contents of the reservoir is such
that the action of the exhaust motor in filling the pump chamber empties the reservoir
below the point at which the supply pump dips into it, whereby air is supplied to the
chamber and its contents are discharged.
16. In pumping apparatus the combination of a chamber, such as A, a reservoir or
vessel J, a part bore motor of the kind described, and a liquid supply tank to feed
such motor, these said parts being arranged to operate substantially in the manner
set forth with reference to Figure 4.
Dated th: 02-12 of Neomban tUOQ
STRETHILL HARRY WRIGHT.
By Cheesbrough & Royston,
15, Water Street, Liverpool,
Patent Agents.