Improvements in Brick and Tile Cutting Tables.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Feb., 1899-Accepted, 14th Oct., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brick and Tile Cutting Tables.
1, ELLIS PALMER RAYMOND, of Dayton, in the County of Montgomery, and
State of Ohio, United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
My invention relates to that class of cutting tables which is used in connection
with a clay grinding machine placed adjacent thereto and continuously feeding
from its moulding discharge end or nozzle a slab or column of clay which is
guided and delivered onto the table and is then cut transversely into uniform
lengths; and it has for its object the improved construction of such tables whereby
they are rendered automatic in action and their simplicity and efficiency are
increased.
The novelty of my invention will be hereinafter set forth and specifically
pointed out in the claims.
In the accompanying drawings:-
Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a side elevation of a cutting table and associated parts em-
bodying my invention.
Figure 2, Sheet 2, is a plan view of the same with the cutters and cutter carry-
ing bar broken away.
Figure 3, Sheet 3, is an opposite side elevation in section on the dotted
line y-y of Fig. 2, looking towards the bottom of the sheet, showing the table
locking and actuating mechanism.
Figure 4, Sheet 3, is a detail side elevation of part of the actuating gearing.
Figure 5, Sheet 3, is an end elevation of the same.
Figure 6, Sheet 4, is a transverse section on the dotted line - of Fig. 1
looking to the right.
Figure 7, Sheet 4, is an enlarged front elevation of one of the cutting wire
supports.
Figure 8, Sheet 4, is a side elevation of the same.
Figure 9, Sheet 5, is a plan view of a modified form of machine embodying
my invention, omitting the clay discharging nozzle.
Figure 10, Sheet 6, is a side elevation of Fig. 9, including the clay discharging
nozzle.
Figure 11, Sheet 7, is an enlarged sectional elevation on the dotted line 1-1
of Fig. 9 looking towards the left.
Figure 12, Sheet 7, is an enlarged sectional elevation on the dotted line 2-2
of Fig. 9, looking towards the left.
Figure 13, Sheet 7, is an enlarged detail in clevation of the clutch actuating
mechanism.
The same letters of reference are used to indicate identical parts in all the
figures.
On any suitable base or platform, A, having rails, B, Figs. 1 and 6, is mounted
by means of rolls, a, a car or platform, C, having secured to its upper end pro-

page_text: jections, a horizontal trough, D, in which the column of clay is guided, and in
which, when the trough is filled its entire length the clay is cut.
Journaled directly beneath the center of the trough, D, in the platform, C,
and longitudinally of the same, is a rock shaft, E, upon which is made fast at each
end a bowed arm, F, extending up and around the trough. These are connected
over the trough by a bar, G, and below the trough by a bar, H, secured to seg-
ments, I, extending from the arms, F.
The bars G, and H are in planes substantially radial to the axis of the shaft, E.
The cutting wires, b, have their lower ends secured to the bar, H, by means of
loops slipped over pins on the under side of the bar and they extend up through
slots, c, Fig. 2, in the bottom and side walls of the trough and have their upper
ends secured to the bar, G, by means presently to be described, and by which they
are held taut and can be independently replaced when they are broken.
The arms, F, with the bars, G, H, and cutting wires, b, constitute a swinging
frame operated by the rock shaft, E, and serving to cut the clay when shifted
from one side to the other and in both directions of its movement, by means which
I will now describe.
Adjacent to and in line with the feeding in end of the trough is a horizontal
endless carrier apron, J, on the frame work, K, which apron is guided on rollers, d,
and receives the slab of clay from the nozzle of the discharging machine and
is given its traveling motion by the movement of the clay and its adhesion
thereto.
Secured to the edges of the apron are sprocket chains, e, Fig. 2, which pass
around sprocket wheels, f, fast on a sheft, L, journaled in the frame, K, adja-
cent to the receiving bracket, g, of the trough. Fast on one end of said shaft is
a gear, M, and on the opposite end a pulley, N. On one of the rails on the
base, A, is journaled a horizontal shaft, O, parallel with the apron and trough.
Mounted loosely on said shaft, O, is an elongated pinion, P, having at one end a
clutch member, h. The pinion, P', meshes with a pinion, Q, fast on a counter
shaft, R, journaled in brackets projecting from the platform, C. Fast on the
shaft, R, is a crank or disk, S, whose wrist pin is connected by a pitman, T, to
segment arms, U, fast on and projecting below the shaft, E. Feathered on the
shaft, O, adjacent to the clutch member, h, is a second clutch member, i, whose
hub is provided with a circumferential groove in which are confined rollers pro-
jecting from a fork, j, on a counter shaft, k, which has secured to it a weighted
arm, 1, Figs. 1 and 2, to normally hold the clutch members disengaged.
The shaft, O, is constantly driven by a beveled gear, m, fast on its end mesh-
ing with a beveled pinion, n, fast on the main driving shaft, V, suitably journaled
under the apron and driven by a sprocket wheel, W, from any suitable source
of power. The opposite end of the shaft, V, carries a small pulley, Y, which is
looselv bolted to the pulley, N, with means, such as a hand lock lever, o, carrying
an idle pulley, p, for tightening the belt whenever it is desired to drive the
shaft, L, by the machine. Ordinarily, the passage of the clay from the apron, J,
drives the latter and the shaft, L, though if for any reason it should not do so
satisfactorily, the belt between the pulleys, and N, can be tightened to effect
the positive driving of the shaft, L, and pinion, N. Suitably journaled to the
base, in line with the shaft, 0, and parallel to the shaft, V, is a third shaft, g,
having fast on one end a beveled gear meshing with a similar gear, s, fast ou
shaft, 0. Meshing with a gear, M, but loose on the shaft, is a pinion, t, and on
shaft is a pinion, t. Likewise loose upon the spindle , is a mutilated gear, u,
with teeth extending about half way around its periphery, and projecting from the
hub of said mutilated gear, is a cam arm, 16, which is engaged by a pin al,
jecting from the gear, t, and which at proper intervals engages a roller, 1,
pro-
ried by an arm, c', pivoted as at d, Fig. 4, and connected by a link, el with the
crank arm, f, projecting up from the clutch shaft, k.
9
car-
On the end of the shaft, g, adjacent to the pulley, N, Figs. 2 and 3, is a
crank, g, whose wrist pin is confined in a slot in the end of the arm, h¹, pivoted

page_text: to the car, C, at ¹. A locking arm, j, pivoted as at k¹, to the frame, K, engages
a shoulder, ', on the car to hold the same stationary until the trough is entirely
filled with a slab of clay ready to be cut, whereupon a pin or projection, m', on
the crank, gl, trips the arm, j¹, and releases the car and trough which then par-
take of the movement of the clay, just as the vibrating frame is swung to do
the cutting, so that although the clay is moving, the trough is moving with it
and the two are relatively stationary so that the cutting is effected at perfect
right angles to the clay.
I will now proceed to describe the operation of the machine and the adjust-
ment of the parts.
The means for holding the upper ends of the cutting wires and replacing them,
when broken, is shown in Fig. 7 and 8, where, B₁, is a clip secured upon the
bar, G, and having on its lower front face a projecting ear or lug, 2, which is
pivoted between the two lugs or ears, 2, as at 12, projecting from a plate, C,
which, when the wires are adjusted and taut, bears against the face of the clip B
Upon the upper end of the plate C is a central perforated disk, D', upon which
rests a soft rubber spool or spring, n². Passing through the spring, n² and
disk, D¹, is a screw threaded rod, o², whose lower end is provided with a hook, p²,
engaging the loop of the cutting wire, b. A washer, 92 is placed upon the top
of the spring, n² and a thumb nut 2 is screwed upon the rod, o² down upon the
washer, q, thereby drawing upon the rod, o², making the wire, b taut, and put-
ting the spring, n², under tension. It will be observed that the pivotal point, 12,
is in a plane outside of the plane of the cutting wire, so that there is no ten-
dency to throw the plate forward, but on the contrary, the strain holds it tight
up against the bar, G.
In case of the breaking of a wire, however, the plate, C¹ can be drawn down-
ward and from a bar, G on the pivot and a new wire with its ends previously
looped, of which a stock may be kept on hand, has its lower loop hooked over
the pin on the bar, H, and its upper loop over the hook 22. Then upon swinging
back the plate, C¹, till it rests against the bar, G, the wire g, is drawn taut, as
will be readily understood.
When the trough is at rest and receiving the entering slab of clay, the wrist
of the crank or disk, S, is on a horizontal line, either at one side or the other of
the axis of the disk, as seen in Fig. 6 with the cutting wires, b,
either to the one side or the other of the trough, and with the
clutch, i disengaged from the clutch, h. The parts are so adjusted
that just as
the moment the slab of clay entirely fills the trough,
and the bar, h¹, is tripped as before describe.l, the pin a¹ will have carried the
cam, w, into engagement with the roller, 61, and will have brought the teeth of
the mutilated gear, y, into mesh with a pinion A¹, fast on a shaft q, so that the
cam becomes thereby locked to the shaft, g, and is driven thereby to oscillate the
shaft, k, and lock the two clutch members together. The moment this is effected,
the pinions, P, Q, are started and the crank or disk, S. is given just exactly half
of a revolution, which swings the vibrating frame and effects the cutting. The
cam leaves the roller. 61, at this instant and the counter weight, 7, disengages the
clutch. Just after this has happened the wrist of the crank, g', will have en-
gaged the end wall of the link, h', and further rotation of the crank draws the
trough and car. C, back again until the arm, j¹, becomes relocked there.
The clay in the trough which has been cut, is forced out by the entering column
of uncut clay onto a carrier, not shown, and the operation is a continuous and
automatic one. It will be observed from the foregoing description, that the clay
is cut by swinging the vibrating frame, first in one direction and then in the
opposite direction, and as the wires are inclined a drawing cut is effected which
requires less power and exerts less strain upon the cutting wires.
We will now proceed to describe the modifications illustrated in Figs. 9 to 13,
inclusive, wherein the same differ from the parts of the machine already
described.

page_text: The clay is discharged from the mouth of the moulding nozzle directly upon
a wheel or drum 28, fast on a shaft 29, and from which it is delivered directly to
the cutting trough.
The counter
The passage of the clay over the top surface of the drum 28, rotates the latter,
and in consequence, rotates a friction disk 30, fast on the shaft 29. The friction
disk engages a small friction wheel 31, loose upon a counter shaft 32, journaled
at right angles to the counter shaft 29. Fast upon the end of the counter shaft 32
is a wheel 33 (see Fig. 12) having its periphery cut out for a short distance, as
at 34, or this cutting out in this instance is effected by covering the periphery
of the wheel with the leather or rubber 35, except at the portion 34. The wheel 33
is adjacent to a smaller friction wheel 36, fast on the shaft 16.
shaft 32 has projecting from it a pin 37, Fig. 10, while a similar in, 38, Fig. 9,
projects from the friction wheel 31, so that as the latter revolves it will come
in contact with the pin 27 and give sufficient rotation to the shaft 32 to bring
the enlarged surface of the wheel 33 into frictional contact with the surface of
the wheel 36, which is constantly revolving with the shaft O. The moment this
contact is made revolution is imparted to the wheel 33 and it makes a complete
rotation until the broken out part 34 comes opposite to the wheel 36, when it
stops. The purpose of this construction will be presently described.
Upon the end of the shaft O is made fast beveled pinion 39 meshing with a
similar pinion 40 upon a counter shaft 41, carrying a gear wheel 42 meshing
with a gear wheel 43 on the drum which carries the end of an endless apron 44,
which delivers the cut bricks or tiles from the trough to any convenient point
of delivery.
The drum last mentioned is loose upon a counter shaft 45. Adjacent to the
drum and fast on the shaft 45 on the side next to the shaft O is a wheel 46,
Figs. 9 and 13, provided on one side with a weight 47, and on the opposite side
with a cam groove 48, in which travels a roller 49 on a bell-crank arm 50, one
arm of which is pivoted to a crank-arm 51 extending up from a rock shaft 52
journaled as at 53, Fig. 10. The outer end of this rock shaft carries an upwardly
extending forked arm 54 whose pins or rollers engage a circumferential groove
in the clutch member 22. Adjacent to the cam wheel 46 is a mutilated pinion 55,
and beneath the blank of this mutilated pinion, when the trough is at rest, is
a pinion 56 (dotted lines Fig. 13) fast on a counter shaft 57 whose outer end car-
ries a beveled pinion 58 meshing with a similar pinion 59 fast on the shaft O.
On the opposite side of the apron drum is a cam 60, which, when the car is at
rest, bears against an arm 61, projecting from the car and preferably carrying the
roller in such manner that the greatest diameter of the cam is opposed to the
arm 61 to hold the car forward into feeding contact with the drum 28. Fast
on the shaft 45, next to the cam 60, is a latch-held disk 62, Fig. 11, provided
within its flange with a weight 63, whose under side serves as a bearing for the
latch 64, which is normally held in engagement with said shoulder by a bell-
crank lever 65 connected by a link 66 with a pivoted weighted lever 67. The
bell-crank lever 65 is fast on a shaft GS, Figs. 11 and 9, suitably supported in
journals and extending parallel with the trough to the forward end thereof where
it is provided with a crank-arm 69, Figs. 12 and 9, which is connected by a
pivoted link 70 having at its end a slot through which passes a wrist pin 71, on
the wheel 33.
In this modification of the machine the clay passing from the discharge
nozzle 17 over the friction drum 28 and rotating the same, enters the trough
until it reaches the end of the same. Just at this moment the pins 38 and 37
will have so turned the shaft 32 and wheel 33 as to have brought the latter into
frictional contact with the wheel 36, whereupon the pin 71 will have reached the
end of the slot in the link 70 and then the driving shaft will continue the rota-
tion of the wheel 32, thereby rocking the shaft 68 in such manner as to withdraw
the latch 64 from contact with the wheel 62 and permitting the weights 63 and
47 to partially rotate the shaft 45, so as to bring the mutilated pinion 55, Fig. 13,

page_text: into mesh with the pinion 56, thus locking the cam wheel 46 to the shaft O, and
by which it is given a complete revolution, and the cam groove of said wheel
acting on the roller 49, tilts the bell-crank 50 and throws the clutch member 22
into engagement with the clutch member 21, thus imparting rotation to the
elongated pinion 20, and through it vibrating the cutting frame. The moment
the shaft 45 begins to turn the cam 60 turns with it and releases the arm 61
so that the onward passage of the clay causes the cutting-trough car to travel
with it, and the cutting is effected in precisely the same manner as described
in the machine illustrated in Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive.
When the cutting frame has made its complete stroke the wheel 33 will have
returned to normal position rocking back the shaft 68 and re-engaging the
latch 65 with the wheel 63, the trough cutting car will have been pushed back
by the cam 60, and the clutch 22 will have been disengaged from the clutch 21,
and all the parts will be restored to their normal positions, except that the slab
of clay will be continuously traveling and will force out the severed portions upon
the apron 44, and the wheel 28, which may be called a measuring wheel, is travel-
ing with it, and just as the uncut slab of clay reaches the further end of the trough
all the parts are set in motion again and the operation is repeated as before des-
cribed and as will be readily understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a clay cutting machine, the combination with a slotted cutting trough,
of a vibrating frame turning on a fixed axis and carrying cutters projecting
through the slots of the trough, and means for vibrating said frame, whereby
the clay is given a drawing cut.
2. In a clay cutting machine, the combination of a slotted cutting trough, a
vibrating frame therefor on a fixed axis, and means actuated by the machine
for giving the cutting frame its vibration first in one direction and then in the
opposite direction, substantially as described.
3. In a clay cutting machine, the combination of a slotted cutting trough, a
vibrating cutting frame therefor on a fixed axis, a pitman for rocking the same
actuated by a shaft driven by the machine, and automatic clutch mechanism for
giving said pitman its full stroke in either direction, and then permitting it to
come to rest, substantially as described.
4. In a clay cutting machine, the combination of a slotted cutting trough on
a movable car, a vibrating cutting frame for the trough, automatic means for
actuating the cutting frame, a lock for the car, automatic means for breaking
said lock and automatic means for resetting the car and trough, substantially
as described.
5. In a clay cutting machine, the combination of a slotted cutting trough on
a movable car, a vibrating cutting frame for the trough, a constantly revolving
shaft driven by the machine, a pinion loose on said shaft and carrying one part of
a clutch, a pinion geared thereto and connected by a pitman to the vibrating
cutting frame, a clutch member for the first mentioned clutch splined on the
shaft, a cam driven by said shaft, connecting means between said cam and last
mentioned clutch member for engaging the clutch, and means for disengaging the
same, substantially as described.
6. In a clay cutting machine, the combination of a cutting trough, an in-
feeding apron therefor, a pinion driven by said apron, a loose pinion, meshing
therewith, a mutilated gear concentric with said loose pinion and carrying a cam,
a projection on said loose pinion for engaging the cam, a pinion for the mutilated
gear constantly driven by the machine, and automatic clutch mechanism con-
trolled by said cam for vibrating a cutting frame carried by the trough, sub-
stantially as described.
7. In a clay cutting machine, the combination of the trough Don the movable

page_text: car C the wire carrying bars, G H, on arms F, a rock shaft E for said arms, a
pitman for the rock shaft and means for giving said pitman one complete stroke
in either direction to effect the cutting of the clay in the trough.
8. In a clay cutting machine, a shaft V driven by the machine, a pulley Y on
said shaft, a shaft L normally driven by the feeding apron, a pulley N on said
shaft loosely belted to the pulley Y, an adjustable idler for tightening the belt
between said pulleys, and connecting means actuated from the shaft L for putting
the clutch mechanism into gear with a positively driven power shaft for effecting
the automatic cutting of the clay.
9. In a clay cutting machine, the combination with a movable trough car, of
a slotted arm h¹ pivoted thereto, a locking arm j engaging the car and a crank
driven by the machine and connected to the slotted arm for first breaking the
lock and then drawing back the car, substantially as described.
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Το ΠΑΣ στο
ELLIS P. RAYMOND.
By Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C., London.
1