IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF CAST-IRON PIPES, COLUMNS, AND OTHER SIMILAR CASTINGS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Oliver Johnston, of the Town and County
of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF CAST-IRON PIPES, COLUMNS, AND OTHER SIMILAR
CASTINGS."
Sealed the 18th November 1870, and dated the 12th August 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Oliver Johnston
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 12th August 1870.
I, WILLIAM OLIVER JOHNSTON, of the Town and County of Newcastle-
upon-Tyne, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF CAST-IRON PIPES, COLUMNS, AND OTHER
SIMILAR CASTINGS," to be as follows:-
.
My Invention relates to the casting of iron pipes, columns, and other
similar articles with flanges or faces to form joints, or for other purposes
in which accuracy of fitting is essential. Hitherto pipes with flanges
have been cast in sand or loam, and afterwards faced as required in a
lathe or other suitable machine. Now under my Invention the flanges

page_text: are formed by the fluid metal being caused to flow into spaces between
accurately turned and faced plates or chills inserted in the mould at the
flange end of the pipe, thereby producing pipes with flanges accurately
faced so as not to require separate facing after casting as heretofore, and
hardened so as to render them less liable to corrosion than when cast in
the ordinary manner. Other similar castings are effected in like manner
by inserting the suitably formed and faced plates or chills in the moulds
in the positions required to produce by casting alone flanges or parts
accurately faced and hardened.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Oliver Johnston in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 11th February 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
OLIVER JOHNSTON, of the Town and County of Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Oliver Johnston, Her special
licence that I, the said William Oliver Johnston, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Oliver
Johnston, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF CAST-IRON PIPES, COLUMNS, AND
OTHER SIMILAR CASTINGS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said William Oliver Johnston, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within

page_text: six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Oliver Johnston, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say) :-
My Invention of "Improvements in the Production of Cast-iron Pipes,
Columns, and other similar Castings," relates to the casting of iron pipes,
columns, and other similar articles with flanges or faces to form joints,
or for other purposes in which accuracy of fitting is essential. Hitherto
pipes with flanges have been cast in sand or loam, and afterwards faced
as required in a lathe or other suitable machine.
Now under my
Invention the flanges are formed by the fluid metal being caused to
flow into spaces between accurately turned and faced plates or chills
inserted in the mould at the flange end of the pipe, thereby producing
pipes with flanges accurately faced, so as not to require separate facing
after casting as heretofore, and hardened so as to render them less liable
to corrosion than when cast in the ordinary manner. Other similar
castings are effected in like manner by inserting the suitably formed
and faced plates or chills in the moulds in the positions required to
produce by casting alone flanges or parts accurately faced and hardened.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention, I will proceed
to describe it more particularly by the aid of the accompanying Drawings,
in which are represented a mould with chill plates adapted for casting.
pipes in the manner referred to.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents a pattern for the outside of a pipe; Fig. 2 represents
the top moulding box shewing the mould; Fig. 3 represents the lower
moulding box shewing the core for the inside of the pipe, with the chill
plates in position; Fig. 4 shews the moulding box ready for the metal;
Fig. 5 shews the core detached with the chill plates in their required
position, and Fig. 6 represents the chill plates removed from the core.
In all these several Figures the same letters of reference indicate
comissnonding narts

page_text: A is the pattern; B is the top moulding box; C is the sand; D is the
mould formed in the sand; E is the core for the inside of the pipe;
F, F, are the chill plates fitted on to the core; G is the mould for the
pipe outside the core; H is the lower moulding box. It will be seen
on reference to Fig. 3 that on the metal being poured into the mould
with the core in it furnished with the chill plates F, F, turned or faced
or possessing the requisite good surface the flange ends of the pipe when
cast coming in contact with the chills will become chilled or hardened,
and faced with the required accuracy without separate facing as here-
tofore. For producing columns and other similar castings the moulds
and chill plates will be suitably adapted in form as will be readily
understood.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that what I claim
as of my Invention is, the mode or process herein-before described of
producing cast-iron pipes, columns, and other similar castings by means
of suitably formed and accurately faced chill plates inserted in the
moulds in the positions required so as to dispense with the need of separate
facing after casting.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Oliver Johnston, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Seventh day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-one.
WILLIAM OLIVER JOHNSTON. (L.S.)
Witness,
JAMES BLACK, J³.
Ironfounder,
South Shields.