IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR INCREASING UP DRAUGHT, AND INTERCEPTING AND DIVERTING DOWN DRAUGHT IN CHIMNEYS AND SHAFTS, AND FOR VENTILATION PURPOSES GENERALLY
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Beattie, of Number 1, Poet's Corner, in the City of
Westminster, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS
OR APPLIANCES FOR INCREASING UP DRAUGHT, AND INTERCEPTING AND
DIVERTING DOWN DRAUGHT IN CHIMNEYS AND SHAFTS, AND FOR VENTILATION
PURPOSES GENERALLY."
Sealed the 12th November 1878, and dated the 17th May 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Beattie at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th May 1878.
JAMES BEATTIE, of Number 1, Poet's Corner, in the City of Westminster,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR INCREASING UP
DRAUGHT AND INTERCEPTING AND DIVERTING DOWN DRAUGHT IN CHIMNEYS AND
SHAFTS, AND FOR VENTILATION PURPOSES GENERALLY."
A square or oblong tube is formed of sheet iron, zinc, copper, glass, slate, earthen-
ware, or of any other metal or material suitable for the purpose of any required size
and substance. In each of two of the sides opposite to each other one, two, or more
square or oblong openings are made, in pliant materials, by cutting or slitting the
sides and top, and bending inwards and upwards at an angle, louvre-wise, the
portion so separated on three sides, thus forming an aperture for the influx of
exterior fresh air to the interior of the tube, and the efflux of smoke, foul air,
vapour, or noxious gases, should any be driven back from the place of exit at the
top of the ventiduct by sudden gusts or changes of wind. Upon each of of the
portions so bent inwards thin plates of the same kind of metal or other material
are placed extending from side to side, closely fitting, and also across a little distance
beyond the centre of the tube alternately with those on the opposite side, so as to
slightly overlap each other, and yet leave sufficient space between them for the free
passage upwards of the smoke or foul air, and intercepting and diverting it if driven
Die C21

page_text: back from the place of exit at the top, and conducting it through the openings in
the sides.
At the top of the tube, but separate therefrom and fitting on to its exterior, I
place a rim six inches, or more, in depth, with an open space between its upper
edge and that of the angular sides of an inch or more, according to the size of the
ventiduct; and, attached to the said rim at the corners and in the middle of each
side by supporting picces, I fix, at an angle of forty-five degrees, more or less,
downwards, a framework of the same metal or other material, of dimensions also
proportionate to the size of the chimney or shaft, say one-half, more or less, of its
diameter.
The object of this contrivance is, by enclosing, as it were, and leading upwards
the wind beating against the sides of the ventiduct, to increase the upward draught
exteriorily, and so drive the smoke or foul air away from the place of exit at the top.
I do not, however, claim to have originated the main idea or principle of this last-
mentioned contrivance for enclosing and conducting the wind to the top of the tube
exteriorily, the same being apparently already in use in various ways; but I do
claim to be the designer of the pattern of it herein described, and mode of adaptation
of the principle to my Invention for a ventiduct. This addition might not be
needed in every case, and where the ventiduct without it is found to be effectual, it
may be dispensed with. For this reason it is made separate and to scale, and could
be added at any time.
When the tube is fitted to a chimney which is one of a stack the framework
attached to the rim should have two projecting sides only, above the openings in
the sides of the tube, so as not to overlap the chimneys on either side.
In one of the sides, not perforated, of the tube a door is made to adinit of the
interior being brushed out. Being made to scale and of various sizes any number
of additions in height can be made without alteration of the original portions, as
the bottom of each tube is fitted to the tops of the others, and therefore in such as
are square should it be found expedient, owing to peculiarities of the local sur-
roundings, to provide for extraordinary contingencies of changes of wind or other-
wise one tube could be fixed so that the apertures in its sides should face north
and south, and those in another tube beneath or above face cast and west, or any
intermediate points of the compass, as experience may suggest.
For the purposes of ventilation, in addition to the mode of increasing draught
upwards in the manner herein-before described with regard to smoke, as far as
practicable, by another set of the tubes inverted and arranged according to the
nature and depth of the place or vessel to be ventilated, a current of fresh air could
be conducted down to the interior, and thus a constant current be kept up between
the places of ingress and egress, care being taken, however, to cover the top or outer
apertures of ingress so as not to admit rain or other water.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Beattie in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th November
1878.
JAMES BEATTIE, of No. 1, Poet's Corner, in the City of Westminster, Gentleman.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR INCREASING UP DRAUGHT, AND
INTERCEPTING AND DIVERTING DOWN DRAUGHT IN CHIMNEYS AND SHAFTS, AND
FOR VENTILATION PURPOSES GENERALLY."
My improvements have reference to appliances for increasing up draught and
intercepting and diverting down draught in chimneys and shafts, and for ventilation
purposes generally. For this purpose I mount on the chimney shaft a tube with
inside louvres and suitably arranged exterior openings, the said openings being made
in such a position that the air is carried along the upper sides of the louvres in tho
direction of the top of the tube.
Tl
Figure 4, section on me,
The sliding side door is represented partly open by the projecting dotted lines in
Figure 2. The object of this door is to give access to the interior tubes for cleaning
purposes.
Figures 5 and 6 are sido views of the same arrangement with the difference that
the side door opens on hinges, as shown by the projecting dotted lines on Figure 6.
Figure 7 is also a side view with doors on the two opposite narrow sides, which
give access to the tube; this arrangement would in some cases be more convenient.
Figure 8 is the plan of the same.
Figure 9 is a tube without cap with removeable louvres supported on angle pieces
in the inside of the tube; Figure 10 is the plan.
Having thus explained the nature of the Invention and its mode of working, I
claim as the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid,-
Firstly. The construction and arrangement of the parts herein set forth or any
modification thereof, by means of which a current of air is conveyed through
openings in the sides of a tube on the top of inclined louvres directed upwards in
such a position that the current is guided to the outlets of the tube.
Secondly. The positions of the inclined louvres to be such that any down current
from the outside would be intercepted and forced out through the side openings of
the tube.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Beattie, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixteenth day of November, One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-eight