IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COCKS OR VALVES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, JOHN JOYCE, of 4, Laurence Villas, Lower Edmonton, in the County of
Middlesex, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COCKS OR VALVES," to
be as follows :→
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of cocks or valves for
water, steam, gas and other fluids whereby the same are rendered more durable, less
liable to leakage and easier of actuation than cocks or valves constructed in the
ordinary manner, whilst at the same time, the action thereof is unaffected by any
expansion or contraction arising from the variation in the temperature to which
they are subjected.
The nature of the said invention is hereinafter described with reference to the
accompanying drawings. The same letters indicate like parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1. is an elevation, and Figure 2. is a longitudinal section of a cock or
valve constructed in accordance with this invention. In the body A. of the cock
or valve is formed a chamber B. which is provided with inlet and outlet orifices b.
and b'. Within the said chamber is a tubular plug D. provided with an opening at
each side corresponding with the said orifices b. 6. The said plug D. is formed of
a circular section and is made of a conical or cylindrical shape, by preference, the
latter, and the chamber B. is constructed to correspond therewith. The plug D.,
which is open at its lower and upper ends, is slightly larger in diameter than the
interior of the chamber B. and it is slit down one side as shown in Figure 7.
whereby on being compressed it can be readily inserted within the said chamber,
and owing to such compression it will always exert a slight outward pressure upon
the interior of the chamber thereby ensuring a close contact therewith.
At one end of the plug D., by preference, the upper end I cut two or more
grooves or recesses e. e. and the actuating or turning spindle E. is provided with
two or more projections e¹ e² arranged to fit into the said grooves or recesses e. c.
When the said grooves or recesses are formed at the upper end of the plug the
spindle E. may, if desired, terminate immediately below the projections, but, it is
preferred to continue the spindle as shown in the drawings and arrange the lower
end to work within a hoss at the bottom of the chamber.
In order to open the cock or valve the spindle E. is turned until the openings
in the plug D. are in juxta position with the orifices b. b. and when it is desired
to close the same the openings in the said plug are brought, by turning the said
.

page_text: spindle, opposite the sides of the chamber clear of the orifices b. b¹. and, when in
this position, the pressure of the fluid acting against one side of the plug will tend
to force the latter inwards thus allowing the fluid to enter the interior of tho plug
and to force the opposite side of the same firmly against the outlet orifice.
In order to maintain the spindles E. in position, and, at the same time, to close
the joint in a steam tight manner, a collar or projection c. is formed thereon above
the chamber B. and the said collar or projection is made to fit into, or against, the
under side of a gland or cover F. which is screwed or otherwise connected to the
body of the cock or valve and a spring is suitably arranged to retain the said collar
or projection in the desired position. In Figure 2. a bow spring G. is shown
arranged for this purpose between the upper end of the plug D. and the undersido
of the projections e. e. Figure 11 is an enlarged view of this arrangement of the
spring. Figures 8. and 9. being respectively plan and cross section of the said
soring, the projections at the side of the spring fitting into the recesses at the upper
enu or the plug so that on the latter being turned the said spring will revolve
together with the plug and the spindle thus avoiding any unnecessary friction.
In some cases instead of arranging the spring as lastly described it is placed within
the boss at the bottom of the chamber B. below the end of the spindle E, as shown
in Figuro 10. Figures 6. and 7. are respectively top view and side elevation of
the plug D.
Figures 3. and 4. are respectively an elevation and sectional view of a cock or
valve constructed substantially as hereinbefore described in which the position of
the spindle E. and the plug D. is ensured in the ordinary manner, that is to say,
by means of packing. The collar or washer H. is placed above the plug D. and
projections e. e. and on the same is arranged the packing which is compressed as
required by the gland F. thus ensuring the working of the spindle E in a steam
tight manner. Figure 5 is a cross section of the upper portion of the cock or valve
taken through the line A-B. Figure 4.
In Figure 2. the valve is shown closed, and in Figure 4. it is represented open.
Dated this twenty sixth day of May One thousand eight hundred and eighty

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, JOHN JOYCE, of 4, Laurence Villas, Lower Edmonton, in the County of
Middlesex, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my] Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COCKS OR VALVES," and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
My said Invention relates to improvements in the construction of cocks or
valves for water, steam, gas and other fluids, whereby the same are rendered more
durable, less liable to leakage and easier of actuation than cocks or valves
constructed in the ordinary manner, whilst, at the same time, the action thereof is
unaffected by any expansion or contraction arising from the variation in the
temperature to which they are subjected.
The nature of the said invention is hereinafter described with reference to the
drawings lodged with the Provisional Specification of this application.
Figure 1. is an elevation, and Figure 2. is a longitudinal section of a cock or
valve constructed in accordance with this invention. In the body A. of the cock
or valve is formed a chamber B. which is provided with inlet and outlet orifices b.
and b. Within the said chamber is a tubular plug D. provided with an opening
at each side corresponding with the said orifices b. b. The said plug D. is formed
of a circular section and is made of a conical or cylindrical shape, by preference,
the latter, and the chamber B. is constructed to correspond therewith.
The
plug D., which is open at its lower and upper ends, is slightly larger in diameter
than the interior of the chamber B., and it is slit down one side, as shown in
Figure 7., whereby on being compressed it can be readily inserted within the said
chamber, and owing to such compression it will always exert a slight outward
pressure upon the interior of the chamber thereby ensuring a close contact
therewith.
•
At one end of the plug D., by proference, the upper end, I cut two or more
grooves or recesses e. c. of suitable shape, and the actuating or turning spindle E.
is provided with two or more projections e¹. e. arranged to fit into the said grooves
or recesses 6. e. When the said grooves or recesses are formed at the upper end of
the plug the spindle E. may, if desired, terminate immediately below the
projections, but it is preferred to continue the spindle, as shown in the drawings,
and arrange the lower end to work within a box at the bottom of the chamber.
In order to open the cock or valve the spindle E. is turned until the openings
in the plug D. are in juxta position with the orifices b. b¹, and when it is desired
to close the same the openings in the said plug are brought, by turning the said
spindle, opposite the sides of the chamber clear of the orifices b. b¹., and, when in
this position, the pressure of the fluid, acting against one side of the plug, will
tend to force the latter inwards thus allowing the fluid to enter the interior of the
plug and to force the opposite side of the same firmly against the outlet orifice.
In order to maintain the spindle E. in position, and, at the same time, to close
the joint in a steam-tight manner, a collar or projection c. is formed thereon above
the chamber B. and the said collar or projection is made to fit into, or against, the
underside of a gland or cover F. which is screwed or otherwise connected to the

page_text: body of the cock or valve and a spring is suitably arranged to retain the said
collar or projection in the desired position. In Figure 2. a bow spring G. is shown
arranged for this purpose between the upper end of the plug D. and the underside
of the projections e'. e. Figure 11. is an enlarged view of this arrangement of tho
spring. Figures 8. and 9. are respectively plan and cross section of the said
spring, the projections at the side of the spring fitting into the recesses at the
upper end of the plug, so that, on the latter being turned, the said spring will
revolve together with the plug and the spindle, thus avoiding any unnecessary
friction. In some cases, instead of arranging the spring, as lastly described, it is
placed within the boss at the bottom of the chamber B. below the end of the
spindle E. as shown in Figure 10. Figures 6. and 7. are respectively top view and
side elevation of the plug D.
Figures 3. and 4. are respectively an elevation and sectional view of a cock or
valve constructed substantially as herein before described in which the position of
the spindle E. and the plug D. is ensured in the ordinary manner, that is to say, 1
by means of packing. The collar or washer H. is placed above the plug D. and
projections e¹. e. and on the same is arranged the packing which is compressed as
required by the gland F. thus ensuring the working of the spindle E. in a steam
tight manner. Figure 5. is a cross-section of the upper portion of the cock or
valve taken through the line A. B. Figure 4.
In Figure 2. the valve is shown closed, and in Figure 4. it is represented open.
Although the cylindrical plug and the turning spindle constructed separately as
herein before described will be found most suitable for gencial purposes, I do not
wish to confine this Invention to the use of -the said plug when constructed
separately from the spindle as, in some cases, I find it convenient to attach the
spindle to the plug.
Having now articularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. The construction of the tubular plug D., slit down one side, and the
arrangement thereof within à chamber in the body of the cock or valve, sub-
stantially as herein before described and set forth.
Secondly. The arrangement of the collar or washer H. above the plug D. in
connection with the packing and gland F., substantially as, and for the purposes,
hereinbefore set forth and described.
Thirdly. The formation of projections on the spindle E. and the arrangement
thereof within grooves or recesses in the upper part of the plug D., substantially
as, and for the purposes, hereinbefore set forth and described.
And Fourthly. The combinations and arrangements of parts constituting the
cock or valve shown in Figures 1. and 2. and modifications thereof, substantially:
as herein before set forth and described.
Dated this twenty sixth day of February One thousand eight hundred and