IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF METAL TUBES
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
FREDERICK MUNTZ, junior, of Birmingham, send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Eighth day
of May, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the fifteenth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said George Frederick Muntz, my exors, admors, and
assigns, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
I, the said George Frederick Muntz, my exors, admors, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said George Frederick Muntz, my exors, admors,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF METAL TUBES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
that I, the said George Frederick Muntz, shall cause a particular description
of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be in-
rolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more
fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the
said George Frederick Muntz, do hereby declare that the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are
fully described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures
and letters marked thereon, that is to say:-
My Invention consists of casting short tubes of a peculiar form or section,
rolling them flat to extend them in length, and then opening them out and
rendering them cylindrical, as herein-after explained. And in order that my
Invention may be most fully understood and readily carried into effect, I will
proceed to describe the means pursued by me.
The metal which I prefer to employ is such a composition of copper and zinc,
with or without other metal, as will roll hot, and that which I find to be the
best consists of sixty parts of the best copper and thirty-eight parts of good zinc.
I do not, however, confine myself thereto, so long as the metal is capable of
bearing the process of manufacture herein described. I first cast a short tube
of a cross section, such as is shewn at Figure 1; and I have found that an
iron mould with a sand core is most suitable for this purpose; and I place
such mould at an inclination as when casting strip metal, and so that the
thicker parts may be uppermost and undermost, the metal being poured in
between the mould and the under side of the core, care being taken that the
core is correctly in the centre. The tube being cast, and the sand core cleaned
entirely out, I wash the inside of the tube with lime and water, containing as
much salt as will be held in solution, first heating the tube with or to the
extent of boiling water. The object of thus washing the interior of the tube.
with such mixture is to prevent the interior surfaces adhering together when
rolled flat. When the lime white has been applied the tube is to be heated to
a red heat, such as is usual when rolling like metal, and the tube is then to be
rolled between grooved rollers, similar to those used in rolling flat bar iron, but
grooved to produce rounded edges, as shewn at Figure 2. The tube is to be
passed through between the rolls with the thicker parts horizontal, by which
the tube will be rendered flat and extended in length, and the thickness of
metal made parallel and uniform at the sides, but somewhat thicker at the two
edges, as indicated at Figure 2.
I would remark that the arrangement shewn by the Drawing is for making.
tubes of one inch and three quarters diameter, and it will be evident that the
sizes indicated by the Drawing must be varied when making other sizes of
tubes, but from the description here given, aided by the Drawings, a workman
will readily vary the sizes of the castings and of the grooves in the rollers, and

page_text: de
also the mandrils used according to the sizes of tubes desired to be produced.
The tube being thus rolled into a flat bar is to have one end opened for about
six inches (which may readily be done when at a red heat by a sharp instru-
ment), as is indicated at Figure 3, and in this form when at a red heat it is to
be passed through between the pair of grooved rollers at A, Figure 4; the
tube being entered on to the end of the mandril by the workman. The rollers
by their revolution cause the tube to be drawn over the head of the mandril
and on to the stem, so that the tube will be thereby opened in its whole length,
and in doing so there will be a web or fin produced on either side, as is indi-
cated at Figure 3. The rollers, which are of the diameter shown at Figure 4,
are caused to revolve about one hundred times a minute, and the wider part of
the bulb of the mandril, Figure 4*, is placed so as to come at the pinch of the
rolls. The end of the stem of this mandril is retained fast at the end of the
trough, see Figure 6, where some of the parts are shewn in section on a
reduced scale. Figure 4* shews the form of mandril used in this part of the
process, it and its stem are of steel, and the two sections will show the form of
the widest and thickest parts. The stem is of a section corresponding wi
hole through between the rolls, but smaller, so that the tube may
freely therein. The stem is bent downwards, as shewn, in order that when
the pressure causes it to bend more, the bending may take place down-
wards with a view to the extent of bending being limited by the stem
coming against the bottom of the trough. The tube is to be supported and
guided as it enters the rolls, and the rolls are to be screwed down as close as
they will come. The webs or fins produced on the tube are to be cut off when
the section of the tube will appear, as shewn at Figure 7. The tube is next
to be opened out into a cylindrical form by means of the grooved rollers,
Figure 4, at B, and the mandril, Figure 8, is to be used, which is to be simi-
larly held to that before described. The tube is to be at a red heat when
passed through between these rollers and over this mandril, and the tube is to
held and guided up to the rolls with its longer axis upwards, so that the second
rolling will be at right angles to the previous one, and such guiding may be
conveniently performed by having a fixed plate before the rolls, with an oval
hole through it large enough for the free passage of the tube, the longer axis
of the oval hole being vertical. The tubes thus made when straightened will
be ready for use, particularly if intended for steam boilers; but they may if
desired be drawn through dies in cases where it is wished to have them
planished and bright on the outside.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to

page_text: the precise details herein given, so long as the peculiar character of my
Invention be retained, but what I claim is, the casting short tubes of the
form or section described, rolling them flat to extend the length, and then
opening them out and rendering them cylindrical by rollers, as herein
explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Frederick Muntz, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.
GEORGE F. (L.S.) MUNIZ, JUN".
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-seventh day of October, in
the
year of our Lord. 1852, the aforesaid George Frederick Muntz, Esqre, came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Speci-
fication aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in
form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to, the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose..
Enrolled the Eighth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.