IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING FRAUD IN THE RECEIPT OF MONEY
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Britten, of Camberwell, in the County of Surrey,
Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING
FRAUD IN THE RECEIPT OF MONEY."
Sealed the 8th May 1877, and dated the 28th November 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Britten at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th November 1876.
JOHN BRITTEN, of Camberwell, in the County of Surrey, Chemist.
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING FRAUD IN THE RECEIPT OF MONEY."
" IMPROVE-
My Invention consists chiefly of improved or modified means of developing the
Invention for which a Patent was granted to me on the Twenty-second day of
December, in the year Eighteen hundred and seventy-five (1875). This former
Invention comprises two methods of checking cash receipts. One of these methods
exhibits the amount of each individual sum received in large figures in front of a
machine, and the same operation which shows the required figures also registers the
amount so shewn by adding it to the total previously registered. The other method
of checking cash receipts comprised in the aforesaid Invention consists in impounding
each individual sum received behind a plate of glass in a vertical or sloping chamber,
in which the money ceases to be accessible to the receiver, and is yet exposed to the
view of the payer, so that each coin may be seen and the amount of the impounded
money determined by the payer or by any other person having a front view of the
said vertical or sloping chamber.
My present Invention has for its chief object to improve, modify, and further
develope the above two methods of checking cash receipts.
My present Invention comprises also an improved apparatus for checking the
receipt of omnibus fares and other similar payments. This apparatus contains a
number of chambers with hinged covers. Each chamber represents one of the fares
charged on the conveyance on which the apparatus is used. The passenger lifts the
cover of the chamber representing the amount he has to pay, and puts his money.
in the chamber, whence it is taken by the conductor. The act of opening the cover
or of closing it is made to register the amount of the fare by means of suitable
Price 1071

page_text: wheels and dials concealed within the apparatus. The covers to the chambers in
this apparatus serve as keys to work the registry, and any other kind of keys may
be substituted for the said covers if found more convenient,
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Britten in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th May
1877.
JOHN BRITTEN, of Camberwell, in the County of Surrey, Chemist., "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING FRAUD IN THE RECEIPT OF MONEY."
My Invention has for its object to prevent fraud on the part of persons intrusted
with the receiving of money in retail shops, public houses, restaurants, theatres,
omnibuses, and other conveyances, and all other places in which it is desirable to
check the receipt of money by mechanical means, and consists chiefly of improve-
ments, modifications, and developments of an Invention for which Letters Patent,
bearing the No. 4450, were granted to me on the Twenty-second day of December, in
the year One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five; and the Figures or Drawings
herein referred to as bearing the numbers 1 to 16 inclusive are those supplied with the
aforesaid Specification, and the letters of reference herein used with reference to said
Drawing, Numbered 1 to 16, are the same that occur in the aforesaid Specification
and its accompanying Drawings. The other Drawings herein referred to as bearing
the Nos. 17 to 41 inclusive are those hereunto annexed. It will be understood,
therefore that when any Drawing or Figure bearing any number from 1 to 16 is
herein mentioned, such Drawing or Figure will be found in the Sheets of Drawings
accompanying the Specification of my former Invention; and it will also be under-
stood that the term former Specification as herein used means the Specification of
my former Invention, as herein-before explained; and it will also be understood
that this present Specification supposes that in all cases wherein a knowledge of the
former Specification is necessary to the understanding of this, the reader will obtain
such knowledge by direct reference to the aforesaid former Specification.
The Drawings in the present Specification are all drawn to a scale of half an inch
to an inch, except where otherwise indicated in the descriptive matter, and excepting
also that Figures 32 and 37 are by accident rather in excess of this scale; and
similar letters refer to similar parts in all cases in which two or more Drawings
relate to one machine, except where otherwise indicated in the descriptive matter.
The improvements in the machine for registering incoming payments of money,
described with reference to Figures 1 to 6 in the Drawings accompanying the Spe-
cification of the aforesaid former Invention, consists, firstly, in providing that the
act of withdrawing an ordinary money drawer or the act of sliding or rotating any
suitable body in one direction shall bring the figure drum into the position which
shows no other figure than 0 at the several openings for pounds, shillings, and
pence, which position is, in the former Specification and also in the present Specifi-
cation, called zero. When the machine shall have been brought to zero by the
above-mentioned means, the operator will move one or more keys representing the
sum of money last received, and the action of closing the money drawer or of
reversing the motion which has brought the machine to zero will then cause the
machine to indicate and register the sum of money last received.
Fig. 17 is a back elevation of this improved registering machine as seen by the
shopman while working the same. The lower part is broken away to shorten the
Drawing, and part of the case is removed at the upper left-hand corner to show
the works inside. In this machine the figure drums are placed one over the other,
instead of side by side as in Figures 1 to 3, and by preference are placed with their
ends towards the back and front of the machine, instead of towards the sides of the

page_text: machine as in Figures 1 to 3. These drums are about 4 inches wide on the rim,
that is, from end to end, and about 9 inches diameter. Round the rim or periphery
of the shillings drum (which by preference is uppermost) are two sets of figures
running in numerical succession from 0 to 19, and the figures of each set are so
placed that when any given number of one set is visible through a suitable opening
on one side of the machine, the corresponding number of the other set is visible at a
similar opening on the other side of the machine. The pence drum (the lower one)
is similarly marked with two sets of numbers ranging from 0 to 11/2, so as to show
similar numbers simultaneously on both sides of the machine, as above described of
the shillings drum. These side openings are similar to those shown in Fig. 2, which
is a front view of the machine described in my former Specification; but in the
machine now being described there are two openings at cach side, the upper opening
shewing shillings, and seen by looking in the direction of the arrows 8 and s, and
the lower opening shewing pence and halfpence, and seen by looking in the direction
of the arrows and 2. The position of these drums is indicated severally by the
partially dotted circle b and the dotted circle c. The partially dotted circle b¹ and
the dotted circle c¹ show the position of the groves, round which the cords pass
which actuate the drums (as described with reference to Figure 1). The course
which these cords follow is indicated by the dotted lines b and c, in which course
they are conducted by pulleys, two of which are shown by dotted lines. The hooks,
which correspond to g, Figures 1 and 3, are inside the machine, but project outwards
through long narrow groves or slots d, d, which extend from the line 2, 3, to the
bottom of the machine. In the Drawing these slots are partially concealed by a
square tube c, preferably of metal, which is nearly half the length or height of the
machine, and extends from the line 2, 2, down to the bottom of the machine. Part
of the upper end of this tube is broken away to show the projecting part of the
hook g and the slot d; its lower end is also broken off shorter than the case to show
the continuous course of the slots d, d, and the guide rods f. This square tube
serves as a travelling frame for the purpose of carrying two columns of keys p, p²,
upwards and downwards against the back of the machine, and may, if preferred,
consist of solid wood instead of being a tube of metal. This travelling frame is held
in its required course by two guide rods f, f, which pass through the entire length
of the said travelling frame, and are fixed to the machine at top, as shown at f',f¹,
and fixed by similar means at the bottom of the machine.
Fig. 18 is a view of the upper end of the frame e with a section of the back of
the case a, shewing the relative position of the tube and the said case a. This
section is through the line z, z, Fig. 17. The keys p, p, are merely short rods,
preferably of brass, with a stud 2, Fig. 19 (which drawing is of full size), projecting
from the side of each and with one end of the key bevelled, as at p, Fig. 19.
These short rods work loosely or easily backward and forward in small tubular
guides fixed horizontally in the square frame e, each of such tubular guides having
a slot for admission of the stud p; the object of such stud and slot being to keep
the bevelled end of the key in the position shewn at pl, Fig. 19; h, d, d, Figure 19,
is a section of part of the back wall of the case a through the line y, y, Figure 17,
the part being a section through the solid wood, and the parts d and d a view of
the inside of the slot d, Figure 17; g, y, Figure 19, is a side view of the hook
which corresponds to g, Figures 1 and 3. This hook passes through the slot d and
has flanges g, g, on both sides to keep it in the required position. The hook
projects outwards about inch beyond the outer edge of the case a, as shewn at g¹l,
Figures 18 and 19, so that when one of the keys p are projected forwarded in the
position shown at p, Figure 18, and p, Figure 19, such key will overlap the
projecting hook, as shewn at p¹, gl, Figure 19. Immediately over the upper end
of each of the slots d, d, is a bevelled surface m, Figures 17 and 19, which forms
one end of the lever m¹, m. These bevelled ends of the levers are free to move in
the direction of the arrows but not in the opposite direction, and are held in their
present position by the loaded ends m¹ which rest on suitable stops as at i. The
left-band lever of Figure 17 is shewn endwise, in Figure 19 enlarged to full size

page_text: with its bevelled surface m immediately over the bevelled end of the key p, p,
so that if the said key were forced upwards its bevelled end would strike against
the bevelled surface m, and the key would thereby be forced backwards into the
position 2, Fig. 18.
By following the course of the cords and dotted lines b and c it will be seen that
the upper or shillings drum is in connection with the left-hand column of keys p¹,
and the lower or pence drum in connection with the right-hand column of keys p.
The former column contains 19 keys, numbered from 1 to 19, and the latter 23 keys,
numbered from 1/2 to 11/
In using this machine the attendant first raises the frame e sufficiently high to
bring the lowest key contained in it above the position of the levers m¹, m. If
before the frame e is thus raised any key should project forward, as at p
Figure 19, such key will during its upward motion strike against the bevil m, and
be thereby thrown backwards into the position shown at p¹, Figure 18. Therefore
when the frame first reaches its highest position the whole of the keys will be
lying backwards. The attendant will then press his finger against the key or keys
representing the money last taken. If the sum be, he will press the key
marked 2 in the left-hand column and that marked 6 in the right-hand column.
These two keys will then project forward or inward sufficiently to overlap the
projecting part of the hooks g, J. The attendant will then let the frame e descend
to its lowest position in the machine, the position partially shewn in Figure 17.
In going downward the two projecting keys will strike the sloping sides of the
levers at m, and thereby strike the said levers aside and thereby pass them
without the keys being driven backward. The keys will then by overlapping the
projecting parts of the hooks g, g, carry the said hooks downward, and thereby
cause the drums to revolve partially so that the shillings drum will show the
figure 2 at the openings on each side of the machine and the pence drum will shew
the figure 6 at the corresponding openings.
The drum bis mounted loosely on its axial rod or axle like an ordinary wheel
upon its axle, and is propelled in the direction of the arrow B by a weight sus-
pended from a cord represented by the dotted line. This cord passes over a
pulley, and finally round a pulley which is itself fixed concentrically to the end
of the drum opposite to that shown in the Drawing, and the said cord is fixed to
this last-named pulley. The drum c is similarly mounted and is propelled in a
similar manner by a corresponding weight. Hence it follows that when the frame e
is lifted the balance weights last described will propel the drums in the direction
of the arrows B and C, and thereby lift the hooks g, g, up to the line 2, 2.
machine will then be at zero and therefore ready for a new registration.
The
The drums are mounted loosely on their axles, and when revolving in the
direction of the arrows B and C induce a similar rotation in their several axles by
means of ratchet wheels fixed on the said axles and pawls whose pins are fixed to
the drums, as shown at q, q¹. When the drums move in the opposite direction the
axles are prevented from moving with the drums by ratchet wheels fixed to the
said axles and pawls, whose pins arc fixed to some stationary part of the machine.
The drums therefore rotate partially in both directions, but their axles rotate only
in one direction. In order that the rotary motion thus imparted to the axles of the
drums may be made to indicate the total amount of money taken, I fix to each
axle a pound, shilling, and pence index of the same kind as that hitherto used in
what are known as A, B, C, gas meters. One of these indexes shows the total of
shillings registered, the other the total of pence registered. To ascertain the total
amount of money registered the sums recorded by the two indexes must be added
together.
If this machine be required to register amounts of £1 or upwards, a third drum
must be provided for the registry of pounds, together with a third set of keys and a
third index.
As here described it is intended that the lower part of the machine shall hold the
money taken, and if preferred the frame e may be made to extend entirely across

page_text: the back of the machine so as to serve as a door, and thereby shut in the money
when the said frame is down.
This description supposes that the frame e would be lifted by the direct applica-
tion of the hand. But if preferred it may be drawn up by means of a cord working
over one or more pulleys, and allowed to fall by its own weight. And such cord
may if preferred be attached to an ordinary till or money drawer, so that the act of
withdrawing the said drawer shall lift the frame e into its highest position, and the
act of closing the drawer shall cause the frame e to fall into its lowest position. Or
the keys may if preferred be fixed within the money drawer, and the necessary
connection between them and the machine may be formed by cords passing over
pulleys in the lower part of the machine.
Figures 20, 21, 22, and 22a represent an improved registering maching adapted
for checking the receipt of fares on omnibuses or other similar conveyances, and for
discharging similar duties in other situations. Figure 20 is a plan, and Figure 21,
a side elevation looking in the direction of the arrow Z, Fig. 20. a, a, is a square
flat tube of such size as to hold conveniently the wheels, pinion, dials, and pointers
necessary for indicating the progress of registration; b, b, a semicircular flange or
partial disc projecting from or forming a continuation of the upper surface of the
square tube for the purpose of affording a space on which to write in large characters
the figures which represent the various fares to be received on the conveyance on
which the instrument is used. C, C, is a short winch or crank extending only to
the point C¹. The end of this winch is hollow, as shewn at C¹, Figure 21, and
the mouth of this tubular cavity is so situated with relation to the circular rib e that
as the winch moves in the direction of the arrows, the mouth of the winch lies
below the edge of the said circular rib; ff', is a removable key or handle, a side view
of which is shown in Figure 22. The cranked end off of this key is inserted in
the tubular hollow of the winch c, c', so as practically to be an extension of the
said winch, as shown in Figure 20. As the winch, with the key in it revolves in
the direction of the arrow, the cranked part of the key f", Figure 22, becomes
locked in its place by the rib e, e, rising in front of it, so that the said key cannot
be either inserted in the winch or withdrawn from it except when the winch is in
or near the position shown in Figure 20. The key (which is not shewn in the
elevation, Figure 21) is formed of a wire ring f large enough to show the figure
through it when the winch c, c¹, is pointing towards any figure on the semicircular
flange b, b, and of a disc f¹ large enough to be conspicuous.
Figure 22 is a diagram shewing the centre lines of the main axis d, and the
parts working or fixed upon it. d represents the main axis; g, a disc fixed to the
same and therefore moving simultaneously with it; h, a ratchet wheel having 12
teeth, an ordinary toothed wheel having 48 teeth; and k, a second ratchet
wheel having 12 teeth. The teeth of the latter ratchet are set in the direction
opposite to those of the ratchet h. The ratchet h is actuated by a click working
on the disc g, and therefore rotates with the said disc when the latter moves in one
direction. The ratchet is checked in one direction by a click whose pin is fixed
to some part of the frame of the machine. The two ratchets and k, and the
toothed wheel i are all fixed together, but are mounted loosely on the main axis,
so that the latter can move independently of the said ratchets and toothed wheel.
In all this we have but the arrangements in common use for converting a reversing
rotative motion into a rotary motion running in one direction only, just the same
as that described with reference to Figure 17, except that in Figure 17 the axle
moves in one direction only, and the drum upon it has a reversible motion, whereas
in Figure 20 the axle has a reversible motion. 4, Figure 22, is the centre line of a
toothed wheel having 56 teeth working on an axis indicated by the line m, and
gearing with the toothed wheel i. The result of this arrangement is that if the
winch c, c, makes two journies in the direction of the arrow from its position in
Figure 20 to the point 6 and back, the toothed wheel will thereby be caused to
make one complete revolution, and will thereby register the sum of 6d. twice over
or 12d. This initial motion gives motion to other wheels representing respectively

page_text: shillings and pounds as in the indexes of the A, B, C, gas meters, which motions
are indicated after the manner of the said A, B, C, indexes on the lower side of the
machine (not shown in the Drawing). If preferred an arrangement similar to that
of a common gas index may be adopted, in which case it is more convenient to
reckon only in pence and shillings. In this latter case the dial connected with the
axis m, Figure 22ª, would have upon it 12 figures, 0, 1, 2, &c., up to 11, cach
figure representing units of pence. The complete revolution of the pointer of this
dial would therefore represent one shilling.. The remaining dials would have ench
10 figures. Those on the first of these remaining dials would represent units of
shillings, those on the next tens of shillings, and those on the next hundreds of
shillings, so that one complete revolution of the pointer of the last named dial
would represent 1000/. or £50 When the registry amounted to this sum the
machine would commence a new cycle just as the index of a gas meter commences a
new cycle when the pointer of its extreme dial has made a complete revolution.
When about to take a fare the conductor will insert one of the keys f,f,f", in
the mouth c¹ of the winch and turn the key round in the direction of the arrow
until the figure representing the amount of the fare is seen through the ring of the
key. Then, but not till then, he will receive the money and at once turn back the
key, withdraw it, and give it to the passenger, which the latter will retain as an
ordinary ticket and give up on leaving the conveyance.
In the above machine the motions of the axis in both directions are intended to
result directly from the finger of the operator. Therefore no internal spring
is necessary for the purpose of carrying the machine back to zero after cach
registration.
In Figure 23 a different mode of fixing the key or metallic ticket is adopted. In
this plan the top of this axis is forked or notched like the lead of a screw but more
deeply. The circular rib e corresponds to c, Figure 20, in every particular except
that it has on its surface six ratchet teeth corresponding to the six figures shewn on
the dial. When about to take a fare the conductor inserts a metallic ticket (pre-
ferably a thin plate of steel about the size and shape of a railway ticket) in the
notched head of the axis d, and turns the ticket round until it lies directly over the
required figure, at the same time applying sufficient pressure to depress the ticket
into the ratchet tooth of the circular rib e. The ticket will then remain standing
up edgewise through the action of an internal spring which propels the axis & in
the direction of the arrow and thereby forces the ticket against the ratchet tooth
of the circular rib, and by so doing holds the ticket in a vertical position, as shown
at 2, Fig. 23. When the ticket is removed the axis will then by the nction of
the internal spring fly back to zero, and so prepare the machine for the next
registration.
Fig. 24 is a plan, and Fig. 24ª an end view of another improved machine for
registering the fares received on omnibuses and tramway cars. a, a, the case; b,
a small runner, preferably of brass, which runs backward and forward in the guide
d,.c; to this runner is attached a cord, indicated by the dotted line e, which passes
round and is fixed to an internal drun working on the axis c, which axis and drum
are propelled in the direction of the arrow by an internal spring. The runner bis
therefore propelled in the direction of the arrow y by the spring which actuates the
axis c.,, and k, k, are studs projecting about inch from the surface of the
case, there being two of such studs at the head of each numeral figure on the said
surface. When about to receive a fare the conductor takes a metallic ticket and
places one end of it against the projecting stud of the runner b so as to enable him
to force the runner backward by means of the metallic ticket. He then forces the
runner backward (that is, in the direction inverse to the arrow 3) until the ticket
comes to the head of the figure which represents the incoming fare. He then
depresses the other end of the ticket between the studs and i and the ticket is
thereby held in a vertical position, as shewn in Figures 24 and 24". In the former
figure the edge of the ticket is seen, in the latter the side of the ticket. When the
ticket is removed the runner will spring down to zero, or the position in which the

page_text: lower end of the runner will be at the point m, which position is what is herein
called the forward position of the runner, and also its lower position.
Figure 24b represents a different kind of runner applicable to the machine last
described, the object of which is to lock the ticket on the machine while registering
a fare so that it cannot be removed until the machine is first restored to zero, as
already described with reference to Figures 20 and 21. a is the runner which
may be guided in a slot as in Figure 24, or by any other means; b is a rib, having
six ratchet teeth on the side which faces the runner. The runner travels by the
side of this rib, and the rib is about inch higher than the main body of the
runner. On the top of the runner is a button a standing up about -inch
above the body of the runner. In the ticket is punched a kind of pear-shaped
hole l¹, the larger end of which passes freely over the head of the button, and the
smaller end of which exactly fits the stem or shank of the button. When the
runner is at zero, that is in the position a, a, it is free from the rib, and therefore
the metallic ticket may while the runner is in that position be easily fixed on the
button a¹ and drawn outward, that is, in the direction of the arrows, so that the
shank of the button shall fill the smaller end of the hole. The ticket and runner
may then be drawn backward, that is, inversely to the arrow y, so that the end of
the ticket shall project towards the rib b, which standing above the level of the
runner will prevent the removal of the ticket until the runner is first restored to
zero. When the runner and ticket are brought side by side with the figure or
numeral representing the amount of the incoming fare a slight twist of the ticket
will cause its edge to catch against the ratchet tooth on the rib b, as shown at 1, 1,
Fig. 24b.
The ticket will thereby be held horizontally side by side with the
intended figure.
If paper tickets consecutively numbered should be preferred a large oval hole
should be punched crosswise in the tickets near the end, and instead of the
studs i,, Figure 24, there should be six small buttons on the surface of the machine,
one for each figure shown on the said surface, and these buttons should be so
situated that if the button on the runner and that upon or near to any figure on the
face of the machine be both encompassed by the oval hole in the paper ticket the
said ticket will then be held horizontally against or side by side with the intended
figure, so as to indicate the amount of the incoming fare, as at 1, 1, Fig. 24b. If the
ticket be then removed by simply pulling it, that is, without first moving the
runners, the oval hole of the ticket will then be torn open, and the ticket will
thereby be cancelled.
The principle of the machines described with reference to Figures 20 to 24b
inclusive may if approved be reversed, that is, instead of the numerals 1 to 6, which
represent the various amounts of the incoming fares being fixed in one position, and
being in action indicated by pointers, runners, or tickets fixed against or pointing
towards the required numeral, the said numerals may be imprinted or written on
movable surfaces so as to admit of the required numeral being brought to some one
point, and there exhibited as in the machines described with reference to Figures 1
to 3 (former Specification), and Figures 17 to 19 (present Specification). For this
purpose the said numerals may be printed or written round the outer edge of a
rotating disc (after the manner of a clock dial), or on the periphery of a drum, or
on travelling tapes. If the machine as thus modified be required to hold a ticket
or counter in such manner that the removal of the ticket shall cause the machine to
spring back to zero, as described with reference to Figures 23 and 24, the teeth or
studs which hold the ticket in that position must be attached to the surface which
carries the numerals, and must of course travel with the said numerals.
The machines described with reference to Figures 23 and 24, and the above
modifications thereof, may also be further modified by providing that the machines
shall be held in the condition necessary for indicating the amount being registered
at any one time by means of ratchet wheels on the axes d, Figures 23, and c,
Figure 24. Into the teeth of the ratchet wheels pawls or clicks constructed some-
what like the triggers of fire-arms may be made to work, so that a moderate pressure

page_text: of the trigger outside of the machine shall release the ratchet from the pawl; and
then allow the machine to spring back to zero; + **
My improvements in machines for checking receipts of money by impounding
incoming payments in chambers where. it shall remain visible to the payers thereof
after it shall have passed beyond the reach of.the receivers, herein called impounding
machines, consists firstly of the machine, of which Figure 25 is a plan, and Figure 26
a vertical section through the line z, z, Figure 25. a, a, a, is the case, preferably of
wood, which forms or encloses the chamber h, into which the incoming money finally
falls; c is a curved plate of glass extending. the entire width of the machine; b, a
cylinder (preferably of wood), or what would be a cylinder, but that a part of its
periphery is plained' away to form a flat surface e, on which money may be distri-
buted prior to being passed under the curved plate of glass c. This partial cylinder
is herein called a plano-cylinder. The dotted curves on the surface e, Figure 25,
represent coins thus distributed. When an incoming payment has been thus dis-
tributed on the flattened surface e the plano-cylinder is turned by means of the
winch g until the flattened surface passes into the position indicated by the dotted
line e. The coin upon it is then underneath the plate of glass c, and therefore beyond
the reach of the receiver, the plano-cylinder being prevented from revolving in the
opposite direction by means of a ratchet wheel and pawl not shown in the Drawing.
When the next incoming payment has to be impounded the plano-cylinder is turned
forwards, whereby the flattened surface becomes inverted over the money chamber h,
so that the money may fall off. The continued revolution of the plano-cylinder
brings the flattened surface again to the opening at e for the reception of the incoming
payment. The plano-cylinder has grooves running completely round it about half
an inch apart, and of the depth indicated by the dotted circle f, Figure 26. Small
steel points & fixed in the side of the case a project into these grooves, and thereby
ensure the detachment of all coins from the plane surface e.
Another improved machine for impounding incoming payments of money is shewn
in Figures 27 and 28, the former being a plan, and the latter a side elevation with
part of the nearmost wall of the case broken away to shew the inner parts. a, a¹,
is the outer case consisting preferably of wood, and forming internally the money
chamber; c is a solid sloping board having at each end a roller d, whose length is
equal to the width of the board c. The axis of the roller corresponding to d is
shewn at d; e, e, is an endless belt of leather, green baize, or any other suitable
material, which works over the two rollers d, d', and moves in the direction of the
'arrows by the action of the winch f, Figure 27. This endless belt is seen in plan at
b, e¹, Figure 27, the part b being covered by a plate of glass, seen in section at b,
Figure 28. a, a, a, Figure 27, is the frame or sash which holds the glass plate b
in its position. This frame is described above as being part of the outer case.
Attached to the endless belt e at equal distances are 4 ribs of wood or some
other material; three of these ribs are seen in end view at o, o, o, Figure 28. Two
of them are also seen partially in plan at o¹, ol, Figure 27, where the frame a¹³, a¹, is
broken away to show them; g is a platform hinged to the lower end of the case a
so as to admit of its rising sufficiently, but not more than sufficiently to allow the
ribs o, o, o, o, to pass under it at the point all, Figure 28. The payer of the money
places it on the platform g, from whence the receiver counts it on to the unglazed
part of the endless belt at e¹. He then turns the winch and thereby draws the
belt and the money upon it up the inclined plane under the glass plate b, where it
remains visible to all within eyeshot of the machine and is yet inaccessible. When
the next payment is impounded, a further motion of the winch carries the previous
payment over the upper roller at d³, where it falls into the money chamber h.
Figure 28 is a peculiarly shaped pawl seen in plan at Figure 28ª. This pawl
works on pins fixed in the sides of the case and is forced upwards by a spring.
The long narrow edge k, Figure 28ª, presses against the under side of the endless
belt and ensures the liberation of the coin if it should adhere through fraud or
otherwise; the parts m, m, serve as the pawl. The ends of the ribs o are bevelled
to correspond with the bevelled surfaces of the pawl, therefore when the ribs strike

page_text: The
the pawl the latter is forced downwards together with the scraper k, and the parts
are so proportioned to each other that the ribs act against the pawl until the said
ribs get partially over the scraper. The edge of the scraper then presses against the
under sides of the ribs, and the ribs are thereby enabled to pass the scraper. When
the ribs get clear of the scraper the latter springs upwards against the endless belt..
The ribs and scraper thus act like a pawl and ratchet, and thereby prevent the
endless belt from moving in the direction opposite to that of the arrows.
machine will be properly closed and the incoming payment, properly secured when
the ribs are in the position shewn in Figure 27, or when there is no rib visible on
the unglazed portion of the endless belt; if desired the proper closing of the machine
may be indicated by sounding a bell. This machine, reduced in size and adapted
for being held in the hand, becomes a very effective instrument for checking the
receipt of fares on omnibuses and tramway cars.
This machine may be modified by using a continuous succession of solid ribs of
wood or other material instead of the endless belt of leather or cloth above described.
These ribs may be glued or otherwise fixed to one broad or two or three narrow
endless belts so as to form an endless belt of ribs; and four of these ribs at equal
distances from each other should rise about 1/4 inch above the others to serve the
purposes of the ribs o, o, o, o, above described.
This machine may be further modified by substituting for the endless belt e a
solid sliding platform rather more than half the length of the inclined part of the
front of the machine, and by mounting the four ribs o on two endless cords one at
each side of the machine, that is at each end of the said ribs.
When money is securely impounded in this latter machine, the sliding platforni
will be under the glass plate with the money upon it.
When about to impound an
incoming payment, the receiver will push the sliding platform downward from under
the glass plate. During the downward motion of the sliding platform the rib in the
position o, Figure 27, will prevent the passage of the money lying on its surface
and causes that money to fall over the upper end of the sliding platform into the
money chamber below. The sliding platform will then be in the space marked e³,
Figure 27, and two clicks or pawls near the upper end of the said sliding platform
will have passed under the rib o' so as to spring up behind the said rib. The
operator will then place the incoming payment on the sliding platform, and slide the
said platform back into its position underneath the glass plate. During this
upward motion the clicks on the sliding platform will propel the lower rib o¹
upwards, and at the same time draw the next rib into the position of the lower
rib o'. The ribs are prevented from moving inversely to the arrows as shewn in
Figure 28 by pawls similar to h, Figure 28.
Fig. 29 is an end view of another improved machine for impounding money, with
part of the outer casing removed; a, a, the case; b, the glazed cover, only an end
view of the frame of which is given. This cover is hinged to the case a at the
side b', and opens to the extent of about 1/4 inch only at the side b¹¹; g is the outer
edge of a slab of wood or other suitable material which projects inward under the
glazed cover b as shewn by the dotted lines g¹, g¹. On this slab the impounded
money is exhibited underneath the glazed cover b. When this cover is properly
closed, as in Figure 29, access to the money lying between the slab g, g, and the
glass cover b is prevented by a rib (shewn by the dotted lines ) which extends
entirely along the side b" of the cover. The cover when down is held securely by the
pawl d, d, which takes into a catch c dependent from the cover b. The dotted
circle at d indicates the position of a small stud which projects inwards from the
pawl d, d, through a slot in the end of the case. Another stud which projects
downward from the slab g, gl, as shewn by the dotted lines g¹¹, is so placed that when
the slab g, gl, is withdrawn in the direction of the arrow, the stud g¹¹ strikes against
the stud d', and thereby forces the pawl d, d, from off the catch c, when the cover b is
at once forced upwards by a spring (not shewn in the Drawing) until the catch c strikes
against the under surface of the stud f which projects from the end of the case
towards the spectator. The cover then remains slightly raised until the slab g, g','

page_text: returns to the position indicated by the dotted lines g, g, and is then closed by
being pressed downward by the operator. The pawl d, d, which is impelled by a
spring in the direction of the arrow y, is then forced over the catch e by the said
spring, and the cover is thereby locked until the slab g, g', is again withdrawn.
The fact of the cover having been properly closed is indicated by the hammer c
striking a bell, the position of which is indicated by the dotted curve m.
The effect of the above arrangement is that when the slab g, g', is being withdrawn
from under the glazed cover the rib is drawn upon the slab, and therefore sweeps
from off the slab any money that may be lying thereon, but when the slab is being
returned underneath the glazed cover the rib is not in contact with the slab, and
therefore money lying on the slab passes freely under the rib h. If preferred, the
fact of the cover being properly closed may be indicated by attaching a small lever
to the case at the side 61 in such manner that when the cover is properly closed
the said lever shall lie down flush with the cover, and shall rise into a vertical
position when the cover is released from the pawl d, d. The movements for
securing and liberating the cover are shewn uncovered in the Drawing, but in the
actual machine are covered by a casing which renders them inaccessible except by
use of the proper key.
Figures 30 to 33 represent another improved machine for impounding money.
Fig. 30, a plan; Fig. 31, a section through the line 2,, omitting the pawl; and
Fig. 33, a view of that part of the inside which faces the arrows, Figures 30 and
31. a, a, a, the foundation or frame, preferably of cast iron; c, Figures 31 and 32,
and c, c, c, c, Figure 30, is a semicircular plate also of cast iron, an inverted
plan of which is shewn at c, c, c, Figure 32. This plate, herein-after called the
plate c, is about 1/4 inch thick, and has a hoop-shaped rim about 1/4 inch deep,
extending round it on its lower side (seen on the upper side of the inverted
Drawing, Figure 32). This hoop-shaped rim, deepened so as to be equal in depth
to both the rim and the plate, is continued like the half of a hoop, as shewn a
d, d, d, Figure 32, so as to complete the circle. d, Figure 31, is a section of this
half hoop; and d', an inside view of it. c, Figure 31, is a section of the semi-
circular plate; c, an inside view of the dependent rim; and c, a section of the rim
taken at a point where its depth is increased about 1/4 inch to receive or give
support to the boss e; f, f',f", fi, Fig. 30, is a fixed semicircular plate, herein
called the plate f, supported by an upright member f1, Figure 31, which is screwed
to the bottom of the frame d. The semicircular plate e revolves partially over the
fixed plate f. The half of the machine c, c¹, c¹¹, c111, is covered with a semicircular
plate of glass, seen in section at g, Figures 31 and 33, and herein-after called the
glass plate g. b, b, b, Figures 30, 31, and 33, is a fixed frame of metal which
crowns the machine and holds the glass plate g in place. This metal frame is
broken away at the points b', 61, 61, to show parts lying beneath it. 0, 0, 0, Figure
30, is a hoop of metal, seen in section at 0, 0, Figure 31; across this hoop and
joined to either side is a rib ol, o¹, through the middle of which the axis p passes.
011, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, are six partitions which divide each half of the space enclosed
by the hoop o into 4 spaces or compartments c, c¹, c¹¹, c¹¹, and f, f¹, f", f, and
the spaces in one half of the hoop correspond to those in the other half. This hoop
0, 0, 0, cross rib o¹', o', and the partitions o¹¹, o¹1, 01, 01, are herein-after referred to
as the rotating frame o. The axis passes through that part of the semicircular
plate c which lies in the centre of its hoop-shaped rim and is fixed to the said
plate c, so that both move together. The axis passes downward into a socket
a¹, a¹, fixed to the frame a and ratates therein.
When money is impounded in this machine it lies on the surface of the plate c,
under the glass plate g. The compartiment c is intended for any coin for which
change is required, and is covered by a hinged flap i so that it may not be
confused with the sum actually impounded. The compartment c¹ is intended for
gold, c for silver, and c¹¹ for copper. The various circles in theso compartments
indicate coins lying therein. When a new payment has to be impounded the
operator turns the winch in the direction of the arrow ¹, and thereby causes

page_text: the semicircular plate c to revolve from under the glass plate while the
rotating frame o remains stationary. The coins on the surface of the plate c
are thereby swept off by the partitions o¹¹ and fall into suitable chambers below.
By this operation the plate c makes half a revolution, and then lies on the
unglazed side of the machine, and there forms a bottom to the compartments
ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ The incoming money is then counted into these compartments,
as already explained of the compartments c, c¹, cl, cl The plate c is then
turned by a reverse motion back under the glass plate g, carrying with it the
rotating frame o so as to exhibit the new payment in the positions there marked
c, c¹, c, c, as already explained. The plate c makes a half revolution and back
during each operation, and therefore never completes a revolution. The frame o
makes during each operation a half revolution in one direction only, and therefore
makes a complete revolution in two operations. These motions are effected as
follows: On the inside of the frame a, in the situation n, Figure 31, or so that if
it were in the Drawing it would be seen in section at the point n, is a pawl n,
Figure 33, omitted in Figure 31, to avoid complicating the Drawing; this pawl is
forced upward by a spring, and takes into a notch n³, Fig. 33, in the lower edge of
the hoop-shaped rim of the frame o. When the pawl n is in this notch, as shewn
in Figure 33, the frame o cannot move in either direction.
Depending from the rim c³ of the plate c is a projection r, Figure 33. When the
plate c has nearly completed its semi-revolution outward, that is, when the said
plate is almost entirely withdrawn from under the glass plate the projection ?*
strikes against the pawl n, and thereby causes it to drop from the notch n in the
rim of the frame o. The frame o is then free to move in the direction of the arrow
in Figure 33, but is prevented from moving in the opposite direction by another
pawl and ratchet tooth of the ordinary kind, which latter are not shewn in the
Drawing. After depressing the pawl n the projection ? moves on to or towards the
end of the pawl at n', still keeping the pawl in a depressed condition. By the
time this motion is completed a pawl m, m, Figure 33, working on a pin e¹ (which
pin is fixed into the boss e which projects from the rim of the plate c) is forced by
the spring o̟ into the notch m', which like the notch n is in the rim of the ratating
frame o.
It thereby follows that when the plate c is turned backward, that is, in
the direction of the arrow, Figure 33, so as to return under the glass plate g, the
ratating frame o moves with it, and is thereby made to perform a half revolution,
by which time another notch in the rim of the frame o situated exactly opposite to
and corresponding with the notch n², Figure 33, arrives in a position to receive the
pawl n, and thereby checks the further revolution of the frame o.
It will be understood from the foregoing description that the parts r, m, e, e¹,
and 7, Figure 33, must occupy that position on the under side of the plate c that
will bring them up to the pawl n when the plate e is almost entirely from under the
glazed half of the machine. In the Drawings these parts are shewn near to the
pawl n, although the plate c is entirely under the glazed half of the machine. This
is incorrect, but it was possible to render the description.more intelligible by
adopting the course here taken. This machine may either be fixed permanently in
a sloping position like that last described, or it may be hinged to the counter at the
points w, w, Fig. 30, so as to fall when required into a horizontal position, and he after-
wards raised into a sloping position for the better exhibition of the impounded money.
Figures 34, 35, and 37 represent another improved machine for impounding
money; 34 is a plan; 35 is a section through the line, z, Figure 34; and 37 is a
plan of part of the machine. a, a, a, a, a, is a horizontal plate of cast iron which
forms the foundation of the machine; Figure 37 is a detached view of this plate.
The part a, Figure 37, is sunk about inch below the level of the part a, a; c is
an opening through which the money finally falls into a drawer or other receptacle
below the machine; b, b, b', b₁, is a frame of brass which crowns the machine and
holds in position a plate of glass which covers the parts marked a¹, a, e, el. This
frame is broken away at b¹, b¹, to show part of the rotating frame & which lies
partially below it, which frame d is somewhat similar in form and purpose to

page_text: the frame o, Figures 30 to 33. The plate of glass is seen in section at c, Figure 35,
and is herein-after referred to as the glass plate c. When the money is impounded
in this machine copper and silver lie on the parts a, a¹, and gold on the part a".
When about to impound an incoming payment the operator turns the winch in the
direction of the arrow. The rotating frame d which is fixed to the axis of the
winch is thereby caused to revolve in the direction of the arrow, and the money
lying on the parts a¹, a¹, all, is thereby swept forward so as to fall through the
openings e, e. The gold falls into the compartment e¹ and the silver and copper
fall together into c. The partial revolution of the rotating frame brings it into the
position shewn by the dotted lines d. The rim of the rotating frame is then flush
with the part a,
of the foundation plate, Figure 37, so that money lying on the
part a may be conveniently drawn with the finger over the rim of the rotating
frame d, and thereby become enclosed within the said frame in such manner that
the coins shall not tie on or overlap each other. When the incoming payment is
tbus lying within the rotating frame the winch and the said frame are again turned
in the direction of the arrow, whereby the money enclosed within the frame is
caused to slide forward so as to come completely under the glass plate c.
The
rotating frame d is prevented from moving in a direction reverse to the arrow by
a pawl (not shown in the Drawing) working in notches on the outer rim of the
said rotating frame.
I am aware that machines known as "Nixey's tills" have long been in use which
are in some respects similar to the machine last described, but there are radical and
most essential differences between Nixey's tills and the said last described machine.
In the first place Nixey's till is specially designed as a check against the payer of
the money, not against the receiver; its one sole object is to prevent the payer of
the money committing a fraud on the shopkeeper by pretending that a coin he has
just paid is of higher denomination than the receiver of the same believes it to be.
But the machine last described is specially a check against the receiver of the
money, a means whereby the eye of the customer may afford security to the shop-
keeper against dishonest employees. In the second place the rotating frame in
Nixey's till makes only a sixth part of a revolution each time it is used; but in the
machine last described the rotating frame makes a complete revolution each time it
is used. In the third place Nixey's till has no provision, whereby numerous coins
may be distributed upon or in it, so that the amount may be determined by the
payer thereof after it shall have passed beyond reach of the receiver; and in the
fourth place Nixey's till is used and constructed solely to be used in a horizontal
position; but the machine last doscribed is like that described with reference to
Figures 30 to 33, intended to be permanently fixed in a sloping position or to be
hinged to the counter, so that it may be sunk into a horizontal position or raised
into a sloping position at the will of the operator.
I wish it to be understood that I do not claim as my Invention every kind of
cash checking machine in which a frame with compartments in it is made to rotate
upon or over a flat plate of iron or other material for the purpose of propelling
money over the surface of such flat plate of iron or other material so that the said
money may eventually fall through an opening in the said flat plate; what I claim
as my Invention in reference to such machine is,-
1st. Connecting the rotating frame with a winch whereby motion may be given
to the frame.
2nd. Constructing such machines in such manner that money may be counted in
the usual manner by drawing or sliding it forward with the tip of the finger on to
the surface on which it is intended to be exhibited under glass or wire gauze, so
that the operation of counting the money shall also place it in a position suitablo
for exhibition.
3rd. The fixing of such machines in a sloping position, or adapting them for
being raised or dropped into a sloping position, for the better exhibition of money
impounded upon them.
4thly. I claim generally the adaptation of such machines for serving as checks

page_text: against receivers of money, or as means of preventing fraud on the part of receivers
of money.
Figures 38 and 39 represent another machine for impounding receipts of money;
Figure 38 a plan, and Figure 39 a section through the line z, z. a, a, Figure 39, is
a section of the case, preferably of wood; and a, Figure 38, a plan of that part of
the case which covers the chamber containing the moving parts, shewn in Figure 39.
b, b, b, Figures 38 and 39, is a glazed frame, preferably of brass, c being the glass
plate contained therein. Immediately under this glass plate is a slab, preferably of
wood, on which the impounded money is exhibited, the position of which slab,
looking endwise, is indicated by the dotted lines g, g, g, Figure 39. This slab of
wood is herein called the slab g, and the glass which forms with the frame b the
cover of the machine is herein called the glass plate c. The brass frame band
glass plate c (herein named collectively the cover b, c,) are mounted on the cranked
axis e, part of which axis is indicated by the dotted lines e, which extend upwards
to the frame b. The outer wall of the case is curved at a¹ to admit of the cover b, o,
working round it on the centre c. The slab g is mounted on the axis d.
these axes at the ends, seen in Figure 39, have their bearings in the inner wall of
the machine, the wall which separates the chamber exposed in Figure 39 from the
larger chamber in which the slab g works. The further ends of these axes have
their bearings in the wall of the farther end of the machine.
Each of
The object attained by the mechanical parts shewn in Figure 30 is that of
rendering it impossible to open the cover b, c, until the slab y has first been
depressed into a vertical position, as indicated by the dotted lines g', and afterwards
brought upwards nearly into its permanent position g. While the slab g is falling
into the position g' any money that may be on its surface will fall and be con-
ducted by sloping plates, indicated by the dotted lines j, j, into any receptacle
placed below the machine in such manner as to be inaccessible in an upward direc-
tion, that is, through the passages of the machine. The slab g has numerous
perforations in it, and when it falls into the position g¹ wire studs projecting
inwards from the back wall of the machine, but not shown in the Drawing, pass
through these perforations, and thereby force away any coins that may adhere by
accident or design. The result of the arrangement is therefore that when the
cover b, c, has once been closed, or nearly closed, it cannot be opened again until all
money lying on the slab c has first been dropped into the receptacle below. This
result is attained as follows:-Fixed to the axis e so as to move only with it is a
short lever f h is a curved ratchet fixed on the end of the lever h, h, which lever
is forced upward against the stop k by the spring i. While this lever stands as
shewn in the Drawing the cover b, c, cannot be opened because the lever facting as
a pawl is obstructed by the ratchet . In order to depress the lever 1, h, at the
proper time there is a provision similar to that described in my former Specification
with reference to Figure 10. 1, 1, are two curved ribs projecting about -inch
from the inner wall of the machine; m is a crank fixed on the axis d, which axis is
fixed to the slab g so that the crank m and the slab g move simultaneously. The
crank m stands out sufficiently from the inner wall to clear the ribs 1, 1. Working
loosely on the crank pin m² is a peculiarly formed lever or tumber n, so arranged
as to clear the ribs L, . Projecting backward from this lever (that is, towards the
inner wall, and therefore away from the spectator of the Drawing) is a small stud,
indicated by the small dotted triangle n¹. This stud rests on the projecting rib
during the downward motion of the lever n, and travels between the ribs I, I,
during the upward motion of the lever. When the lever n has passed through
about two-thirds of its upward journey its wedge-shaped edge presses against
the roller P and thereby depresses the lever h, h¹, so that the ratchet h drops below
the range of the lever f. The cover b, c, can then be opened. When fully opened
the further upward motion of the slab c and crank m bring the lower end of the
lever n above the curved rib 1, by which time the spring p will press upon a pro-
jecting part of the lever and force its lower end n¹ in the direction of the arrow,
and thereby bring the stud n¹ into a position for sliding on the upper surface of the

page_text: rib when the crank m next makes its downward motion. When the downward
motion of the crank m drives the stud n¹ of the lever n beyond the limit of the
rib the lever then falls by its own weight, or, if preferred, by the action of a
spring acting like the spring p, into the groove between the two ribs l, l, and is
thereby prepared for depressing the lever h¹, h, during the upward motion of the
crank m.
It will of course be understood from what is above stated that in speaking of
the motions of the crank m, I speak also of those of the slab c, both of which move
simultaneously; is the handle or lever by which the crank m and slab c are
moved; and, a projecting thumbpicce to facilitate the opening of the cover b, c.
When in its highest position the slab c is held in that position by a sping fixed to
the inside of the case, and pressing against that edge of the slab which is farthest
from its axis with sufficient force to prevent its falling by its own weight, and yet
not with sufficient force to prevent its being made to fall by an upward pressure of
the handle r.
For additional remarks on Figures 38 & 39 see further on.
My present Invention comprises also improvements of the methods of impounding
incoming receipts of money, described with reference to Figures 15 and 16 (former
Specification).
One of these improvements consists in adapting the machines described and
indicated with reference to the above two Drawings for exhibiting money lying
horizontally, or in a sloping position instead of vertically, that is, with the sides of
the coins upwards instead of their edges upwards. This improvement is simply an
alteration of the position of the machine with such modifications as would obviously
be necessary for or applicable to the machine in its altered position. The most
noticable modification is that of placing the incoming coins piled one over the other
in a vertical or nearly vertical tube, instead of placing thein edgewise side by side
with each other in a horizontal trough. With the machine thus modified the coins
fall by their own gravity into the chambers in which they are exhibited; such
chambers being made to revolve or pass under the said vertical tube, or the said
vertical tube being made to pass over the horizontal chambers if this latter
arrangement should be preferred.
Another improvement on this class of impounding machines consists in making
the chambers in which the coins are exhibited to form an endless chain, each link
of such chain forming one chamber. This endless chain revolves under a tube
containing the money requiring to be distributed, so that the chambers of which
the chain consists receive the incoming coins just as if said chambers were arranged
in a revolving circle. Machines constructed on this principle may be adapted for
exhibiting coins horizontally or in a sloping position, the latter being preferable.
Figure 40 is a side elevation; and Figure 41, a plan of a machine for checking
the receipt of fares on omnibuses and other conveyances, which differs somewhat in
principle from the registering machines herein-before described.
a is the case; b,
The
and b, covers to two chambers in which passengers will deposit their money.
machine is entended to have one of such covered chambers for each amount charged
for single fares on the conveyance on which it is used. Supposing the fares
charged to individual passengers to be severally one penny, and twopence, then one
cover should be marked one penny and the other two pence in large characters. At
the back of each chain ber is ratchet wheel d. If the chamber be for admission
of penny fares the ratchet wheel behind it will have 12 teeth, if for twopenny
fares six teeth, if for threepenny fares 4 teeth. Internally these chambers are of
the shape indicated by the dotted lines a, a, Figure 40; each is impelled upwards
by a spring (not shown in the Drawings), and is held down, when closed, by
catches c, c¹, one of which takes on to a protecting part of each cover.
is impelled in the direction of the arrow by a spring (not shown in the Drawings),
so that when the cover is forced downwards by the conductor the catch c¹ springs
over projecting part and holds it down; y is a short lever, one of which is fixed to,
and therefore moves simultaneously with each cover. Working loosely on each
Each catch

page_text: ===
lever is a pawlf and the said lever panel and ratchet wheel dare so proportioned that
when the cover 2 is fully opened the act of closing it will propell the ratchet wheel
one-sixth of a revolution; and therefore if the cover 2 be opened and closed six times
the ratchet wheel will make one complete revolution, and thereby register the receipt
of 2d x 61/. If the cover 1, representing penny fares, be opened and closed
twelve times the corresponding ratchet (which is fixed on the same axis as the ratchet d,
the twopenny ratchet) having twelve teeth with a properly proportioned lever and
pawl will make a complete revolution, and register 1d. x 12 15%. The initial
motion thus given to the ratchet d, and its fellow ratchet is made to offord a continuous
registry in the manner or methods already described with reference to Figures 20
to 24b. When about to receive a fare the conductor will present the machine to ⚫
the passenger with both covers down. The passenger will then depress the trigger c,
and thereby liberate the cover of the compartment corresponding to the amount
of the fare he is about to pay. The chamber being thus opened he will put his
money therein, and the conductor on receiving the money will close the cover, by
which act he will, as already explained, register the fare then taken.
The machines described with reference to Figures 20 to 246 may be advan-
tageously modified by the addition of chambers in which passengers may deposit
their money, because while depositing their money in such chambers their eyes will
of necessity be directed towards the machine at the moment when the machine
should exhibit proof of the incoming fare having been registered or being under the
process of being registered. If the machine described with reference to Figure 23
be supplied with a chamber for receiving incoming payments a finger or pointer
permanently fixed to the axis d may be used for indicating the amount of each
registration without any means of fixing the pointer in the direction pointing to
any numeral.
The conductor will then hold the pointer in the required position
while the passenger is putting his money in the chamber of the machine, and the
machine will spring back to zero immediately the conductor removes his finger
from it.
The machine described with reference to Figure 24 may also be modified, as last
described with reference to Figure 23.
I have already mentioned various modifications of the means herein described for
carrying out my Invention for preventing fraud in the receipt of money, and there
are some other possible modifications which I will now briefly mention.
The machine described with reference to Figures 17 to 19 may be modified in the
following manner:-Instead of moving the figure drums b and c by the cords
&c, and the hooks g and g, the said drums may be moved each by a winch,
or what will be better understood if we call it a finger like the finger of a clock, as
shewn in Figures 19ª and 19b, the former being a front elevation, and the latter a
side view. One of these fingers should be fixed on the axis of each drum outside
the back wall of the case, just as the finger of a clock is fixed outside the face of the
clock, and the axes of the drums should be extended beyond the said fingers suffi-
ciently to receive two smaller drums, each about three inches diameter. In these small
external drums the keys p and 2 should be arranged, so that each set of keys may
form a complete circle, and the keys in each circle should be equi-distant. If these
keys be so arranged with reference to the studs upon the fingers (see b, b, Figures 19
and 19b) that the keys shall strike the said studs when projected forward, and
escape the said studs when not projected forward, we shall then have an arrange-
ment exactly similar to that described with reference to Figures 17 to 19, except
that a rotary motion will be substituted for a rectilinear motion. The wedge-ended
levers m, m¹, will of course be as available in the one case as the other, but the
shape of these levers must be such that the finger of the shillings drum may make
nineteen-twentieths of a revolution, and that of the pence drum twenty-three
twenty-fourths of a revolution without the studs on the said fingers having to pass
the said levers. The above two small drums, intended to serve as frames for
carrying the keys p and p¹, should be so connected by cord, belt, chain, or toothed
wheels that a motion given to either may impell also the other.

page_text: Another modification of this machine, or more properly a modification of that
described with reference to Figures 1 to 3 (former Specification) would consist in
dispensing with the figure drums, herein sometimes called the shillings drum and
the pence drum, and making the columns of figures which in this and the former
Specifications are shown at the backs of the machines to serve the double purpose
of being a guide to the shopman in working the machine, and of being also the
means of indicating to customers the amount registered at each operation. The
machine thus modified would stand not on the counter, but against the wall or wall
fixtures, so as to be behind the shopman, in which position the columns of figures
would face the customer. Under this arrangement the hooks g and g, Figure 3
(former Specification), should be specially adapted for pointing to or otherwise
indicating the numeral against which they were standing. These hooks, as applied
to the above and following modifications of the registering machine, are herein
called pointers. The advantage of this modification will consist chiefly in decreasing
the cost of the machine and in removing it from the counter.
If it should be desired to have very large figures in the columns, and therefore
very tall columns, the machine modified as last described may have a large and a
small column, both for shillings and for pence. If each numeral on the smaller columns
be made to occupy an inch vertically, and each in the larger columns occupy three
inches vertically, a very simple arrangement of cords and pulleys would cause the
pointers of the larger columns to rise or fall three inches for each inch that the cor-
responding pointers in the smaller columns rose or fell. A shopman could therefore.
work at the smaller columns, and at the same time actuate the pointers of the
larger columns. If preferred the pointers of the large columns of figures may be
worked by keys, as described with reference to Figures 17 to 19, and in the modi-
fication thereof above described.
Instead of the figures, which indicate to the payer of the money how much is
registered at each operation being in columns, they may, if preferred, be arranged
like the dial of a clock, either on one dial with two figures or pointers, or on
two dials, each having its own pointer; such rotating pointers could of course be
worked by cords and pulleys just as the drums in Figures in to 3 and those in
Figure 17 are worked, or, if preferred, could be worked by the direct application
of the hands. The machine described with reference to Figures 38 and 39 may
be modified by substituting for the arrangement shown in Figure 39 the more
simple arrangement shown in Figure 20, and providing that when the slab g, g,
Figure 39, falls into a vertical position it shall strike backwards a paul similar to
d, d, Figure 20, and thereby release the cover and allow of its being opened.
It is desirable to explain here what was accidentally overlooked while describing
Figure 39, that that machine, constructed as shown in the Drawing, will afford
within its own chamber a safe receptacle for money, because on the one hand the
cover b, c, cannot be opened until after the slab g, g, has made a downward motion
and freed itself from coin, and afterwards risen so far as to close the chamber
(supposing the said chamber to be adapted in shape for being closed while the
slab g,g, is within two or three inches of its upper position); and, on the other hand,
when the slab g, g, has risen to the point at which it liberates the lever f from the
ratchet it cannot descend again until the cover b, c, is closed. The angular
stud n cannot descend between the two ribs 1, 11, because the inner surfaces of
those ribs are ratchets; nor can the said angular stud descend over the upper
surface of the rib / while the cover b, c, is open, because the tumbler n, n¹, will then
be forced by the spring p so far in the direction of the arrow as to overlap the pro-
jecting stop w. Before the slab g, g, can descend the cover b, c, must be closed.
The hooked rod u will then have drawn the stud n¹ into a position for escaping the
stop w, and will hold it there until it gets clear of the stop w in its downward
motion. When not resting on the stud n¹ the rod u is supported by the stud v.
When this machine is constructed on the simpler plan above described, that is,
on the principle of the machine, Figure 29, it affords no secure receptacle within

page_text: itself for money, and then, but only then, the guide plates j, j, are necessary for
conducting the money into some secure receptacle below the machine.
The machine described with reference to Figure 29, and the modified form of
that described with reference to Figures 27 and 28, may be modified by causing
the glazed covers to slide backward and forward and the slabs on which the money
is exhibited to remain stationary.
The machines described with reference to Figures 20 to 24b may be modified,
so as to adapt them specially for checking the receipt of money in theatres, concert
halls, and other like places. These machines may also be modified by adapting
to them bells to be sounded when the machines spring back or are put back to
zero.
Speaking generally the machines herein described may be modified by using in
their construction materials different from those herein mentioned; where wood is
suggested metal may be used if preferred, and where metal is suggested wood inay
be used; and where glass is suggested wire gauze might be used if preferred.
Having now fully described the nature of my Invention, and the means whereby
it may be carried out, I wish it to be understood that I claim generally as my said
Invention the various contrivances herein described for preventing fraud in the
receipt of money and the various modifications thereof, which are herein described
or indicated.
I also claim specially as my Invention the method of indicating the amount of
money being registered at one operation by means of machines adapted for
receiving and holding metallic counters or tickets in such manner that it shall
be impossible to attach such metallic tickets properly to such machines or remove
then from such machines, except when the said machines are at zero.
And I also claim as my Invention any modification of this method in which
metallic tickets or counters are made to serve purposes substantially the same or
similar to those described with reference to Figures 20 and 24b.
I also claim as my Invention the method of indicating the amount of money
registered at one operation by means of machines adapted for receiving and holding
either metallic tickets or paper tickets in such manner that while a ticket is
exhibited on the machine the machine shall either by the position of the ticket or
by some other means indicate the amount of money then being registered, and
shall yet spring back to zero, or otherwise return to zero directly the ticket is
removed from the machine.
And I also claim as my Invention any modification of this method, in which
tickets or counters are made to serve purposes substantially the same or similar to
those described with reference to Figures 23 and 24.
I also claim as my Invention the method of checking cash receipts by means of
machines in which slabs or platforms are so arranged that when being drawn in
one direction money lying on their surfaces will of necessity be swept thereof by
meeting with a suitable obstruction, and when being impelled in the opposite
direction money will lie on their surfaces without being swept off.
And I also claim as of my Invention any inversion of this method, in which the
glass or gauge which covers the slabs or platforms last described are made to slide
backward and forward while the said platforms remain stationary, substantially as
described with reference to Figures 20, 27, and 28.
I also claim as my Invention the method of checking receipts of money by
means of endless bands and ribs, substantially as described with reference to
Figures 27 and 28.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Britten, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
JOHN BRITTEN. (L.S.)