Improvements in Magneto-electric Telegraphs.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Aug., 1899-Accepted, 25th Nov., 1899
Improvements in Magneto-electric Telegraphs.
I, LEONIDAS GORHAM WOOLLEY, of Kenton, in the County of Hardin and State
of Ohio, United States of America, Electrician and Inventor, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:--
My invention relates to an improved magneto-electric telegraph apparatus,
and its object is primarily to provide a device that will operate without a battery
or other source of constant electrical energy; to economize the electrical energy
by eliminating all sustained currents during the time required to produce the
dash signs, and when the line is idle; and to provide the device with certain
new and useful features hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed
out in the claims.
The transmitter consists essentially of a device having a key to be manipulated
as in sending the ordinary dot and dash code, and means for generating instan-
taneous alternate electrical impulses only, at each movement of the key, said
impulses being in one direction as the key is depressed and in the opposite direc-
tion when the key rises.
In the accompanying drawings is represented one form of my invention in.
which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the transmitter of a device embodying my
invention with one hanger removed to show the construction.
Fig. 2, a side elevation of the receiver of the same.
Fig. 3, a plan view of the transmitter, and Fig. 4 a plan view of the receiver
with the top of the magnet removed to show the construction.
Like letters refer to like parts in all the figures.
A represents a permanent magnet having attached concave pole pieces B.
between which pole pieces is a rotative armature C mounted on a shaft C', and
wound with insulated wire 1), connected to the shaft C¹, at one end, and to an
insulated sleeve O on said shaft at the other end. The shaft C is rotated by a
spring K, connected at one end to a gear J, and at the other end to a shaft K¹,
provided with suitable winding mechanism L. The gear J meshes with and
actuates a pinion M, loosely mounted on the shaft C, and connected therewith
by a spring N, whereby when the armature is released, said spring will turn
the armature more quickly than if the pinion was attached directly to the shaft.
A greater number of gears may be interposed between the spring and armature
pinion, thus forming a slower train or any other means of rotation, such as
a drum and weight may be used. A brush Pengages the insulated sleeve O, to
which brush is connected a conductor R forming a part of the circuit. The
other end of the circuit is shown at S, and is attached to the frame of the
machine. To control the rotation of the armature C. I provide a lug Con
the armature shaft and a key E having a large opening E within which opening
said lug revolves. At opposite sides of said opening are shoulders F F, to
alternately engage the lug C, and stop the armature, the lower shoulder engaging
the lug when the key is in elevated position, and the upper shoulder engaging
the same when the key is depressed. I, I, are stop screws to limit and adjust
the movement of the key. G is a spring that yieldingly holds the key in elevated
гр.... 077

page_text: position said spring is provided with a nut H to adjust its tension. The receiver
consists of a field magnet U, having concave pole pieces U₁ between which pole
pieces is pivoted an oscillating armature V, having a magnetizing coil W con-
nected to the conductors R, S, through the binding posts T, T. A rigid arm V¹
extends from the armature V. and constitutes the striker. At each side of this
arm are adjustable screws X X, to limit and adjust the movements of the same,
and against which screws it strikes to produce the sound to be read. By turning
these screws inward and reducing the stroke, the sound will be made lighter and
by turning them outward, the stroke will be longer and the sound be heavier.
The operation of my device is as follows:
When the spring K is wound it tends to turn the wheel J in the direction
indicated by the arrow; this wheel turns the pinion M on the shaft C. and
winds the spring N, the key E¹ being normally in raised position and with the
shoulder Fengaging the lug C, thus holding the armature from turning. When
the key is depressed, the armature is released and the upper shoulder F, brought
within the path of the lug C, the spring N, quickly turns the armature one half
revolution when it is stopped by the shoulder F¹, and held as long as the key
remains depressed; when the key is raised the armature makes the other half
revolution and again is stopped by the shoulder F. During the first half revolu-
tion of the armature its poles pass the poles of the permanent magnet, thus
generating an electrical impulse in the insulated wire, and all parts in circuit
which circuit is from one end of the coil D. through the insulated sleeve 0,
brush P, line R, coil W, line S, the frame of the machine, and shaft C¹, to the
other end of the insulated wire D. This impulse magnetizes the armature V.
and it will move according to its polarization relative to the magnet U, and strike
one of the screws X, causing the emission of a sound like that produced in
the ordinary telegraph apparatus when the key is depressed. During the second
half revolution of the armature C, its poles pass the poles of the permanent
magnet in reverse position, thus reversing its polarity relative to the first half
revolution this reverses the electrical impulse sent over the lines, and thus
reverses the magneto polarity of the armature V; it therefore quickly moves in
the opposite direction to its former movement striking the other screw X, and
producing a sound like that made by the ordinary telegraph sounder on raising
the key. The striker V1 thus moves to and fro, actuated at each stroke by the
impulse generated by the half revolution of the armature C. By adjusting the
screws X, X, the relative sound of the strokes may be varied to indicate correctly
the opening and closing sound of the ordinary telegraph sounder, and as the
intervals between these strokes are controlled by the movements of the key and
correspond thereto, the result is the transmission of the usual dot and dash code
by means of a key manipulated as in the usual apparatus and by means of the
same sounds as are emitted thereby and without the use of any battery or other
means of producing a sustained current of electrical energy.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
1 claim is:-
1. In magneto electric telegraph apparatus, a revolving armature, and a
mechanism for causing it to revolve, combined with a pivoted key, and means
attached to the armature shaft for controlling the partial revolutions of the
armature, substantially as shown.
2. In magneto electric telegraph apparatus, a revolving armature, a shaft
connected thereto, and means for causing the shaft to revolve, combined with a
lug or stop secured to the armature shaft and a key provided with shoulders
against which the lug or stop strikes for the purpose of controlling the revolutions
of the armature, substantially as described."
3. In magneto electric telegraph apparatus, a permanent magnet provided with
pole pieces, a revolving armature placed between the pole pieces, a shaft to which

page_text: the armature is secured, and a lug or stop for controlling the revolutions of the
armature combined with a mechanism for causing the shaft and the armature
to revolve, a key provided with shoulders against which the lug or stop alter-
nately strikes, an insulated sleeve placed upon the shaft, a brush and suitable
conducting wires, substantially as set forth.
4. In magneto electric telegraph apparatus, a spring actuated mechanism, a
revolving shaft operated thereby and provided with a spring at one end and
an insulated sleeve, a revolving armature secured to the shaft, and a lug or stop
combined with a brush which operates in connection with the insulated sleeve,
a fixed magnet provided with pole pieces, and a pivoted spring-actuated key pro-
vided with shoulders against which the lug or stop alternately strikes as the
shaft and the armature revolve, substantially as specified.
5. In electro magnetic telegraphic apparatus, a pivoted spring-actuated key
having an opening made therethrough, and suitable shoulders formed upon oppo-
site sides of the opening, combined with a revolving armature, means for causing
the armature to revolve, and fixed magnets provided with pole pieces between
which the arrmature revolves, and a lug or stop secured to one end of the shaft
upon which the armature is placed, and which lug or stop is made to revolve
within the opening formed in the key, and to alternately engage with the
shoulders at the opposite sides of said opening, substantially as shown
Dated this 22nd day of August 1899.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.