IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING THE BLAST FOR FURNACES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON."
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Vaughan, of the Middlesbro' and Cleveland
Iron Works, in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN HEATING THE BLAST FOR FURNACES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Vaughan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
December 1864.
I, JOHN VAUGHAN, of the Middlesbro' and Cleveland Iron Works, in, the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING THE BLAST FOR FURNACES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
IRON," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for heating the
blast used in the manufacture of iron. At present the section across the pipes
generally used in heating the blast is not circular, but has one diameter.
longer than its transverse diameter, so that the pipes shall expose greater
heating surface in proportion to their sectional area. In the heating ovens
hitherto used, the long dimension of the transverse section of the pipes.
stands across the mains in which the pipes are set, thereby causing the
flattened sides of the pipes to face each other, and consequently masking the
greater portion of their heating surface.

page_text: My first improvement consists in placing the greater dimension of the
transverse section of the pipes longitudinally or lengthwise in the main; or if
no mains are used, in a position at right angles to the position in which they
are placed in heating stoves or ovens hitherto erected, thereby securing the
best position for heating, as the flattened surface of the pipes are turned to
the source of heat, and therefore have the power of raising the heat of the
blast to any given temperature with a less number of pipes.
My second improvement in connection with the above, is making all the
flues for the admission of gas in the case of gas stoves, and also the outlets to
the chimney, all accessible from the outside of the heating stove or oven, so
that they can be cleaned from the outside, without allowing the stove to cool
down or stop its work.
My third improvement in connection with the other above-mentioned
improvements, is having openings in the roof, or over the end of each pipe, so
that in case of repairs any pipe can be withdrawn, or any number of them,
and another one put in its place, or any number of them, without removing
any part of the permanent building or brickwork of the heating stove; and
further, the pipes can be cleaned at any time through those apertures,
without stopping the work of the heating stove or oven. These openings
or apertures are closed by suitable doors when the stove is at work.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Vaughan, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th
June 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
VAUGHAN, of the Middlesbro' and Cleveland Iron Works, in the County of
York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Vaughan, Her special licence that I, the said John Vaughan,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Vaughan, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,

page_text: the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HEATING THE BLAST FOR FURNACES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Vaughan, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
:.
;
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Vaughan, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for heating the
blast used in the manufacture of iron. At present the section across the
pipes, generally used in heating the blast, is not circular, but has one dia-
meter longer than its transverse diameter, so that the pipes shall expose
greater heating surface in proportion to their sectional area.
In the heating
ovens hitherto used, the long dimension of the transverse section of the pipes
stands across the mains in which the pipes are set, thereby causing the
flattened sides of the pipes to face each other, and consequently masking the
greater portion of their heating surface.
My first improvement consists in placing the greater dimension of the
transverse section of the pipes longitudinally or lengthwise in the main; or if
no mains are used, in a position at right angles to the position in which they
are placed in heating stoves or ovens hitherto erected, thereby securing the
best position for heating, as the flattened surfaces of the pipes are turned to
the source of heat, and therefore have the power of raising the heat of the
blast to any given temperature with a less number of pipes.
.
My second improvement in connection with the above is making all the
flues for the admission of gas in the case of gas stoves, and also the outlets to
the chimney, all accessible from the outside of the heating stove or oven, so
that they can be cleaned from the outside. without allowing the stove to cool
down or stop its work.
My third improvement in connection with the other above-mentioned
improvements is having openings in the roof, or over the end of each pipe, so
that in case of repairs any pipe can be withdrawn, or any number of them,
and another one put in its place or any number of them, without removing
any part of the permanent building or brickwork of the heating stove; and

page_text: further, the pipes can be cleaned at any time through those apertures without
stopping the work of the heating stove or oven. These openings or apertures
are closed by suitable doors when the stove is at work.
In order that my said Invention may be more completely understood, I
annex the accompanying Drawings, in which Fig. 1 represents an enlarged
.section of pipes and mains according to my plan; Fig. 2 being a plan view
thereof; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of the heating stove taken
through the line C, D, of Fig. 4, which is a horizontal section of Fig. 3,
through the line E, F. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section hrough the
line A, B, of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is an end elevation; and Fig. 7 represents the
holes for gas and doors for cleaning; Fig. 8 is a section shewing box key;
and Figs. 9 and 10 are an elevation and plan of box key.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and the manner in
which the same is to be carried into effect, I would remark in conclusion that
I do not limit myself to the precise details and configuration of parts I.
have expressed and shewn, as the same may possibly be varied or modified
without departing in any way from the principles on which the Invention is
based; but what I claim and desire to be secured to me by the herein in part
recited Letters Patent are, the general arrangements and combination of parts
substantially as herein specified and shewn, constituting "Improvements in
Heating the Blast for Furnaces in the Manufacture of Iron," according to the
title hereof.
In witness whereof, J, the said John Vaughan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventh day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
GEORGE NEWCOMEN,
Captain, Royal Navy.
JOHN VAUGHAN. (L.S.)