IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WATER OR STENCH TRAPS.
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Carter, Pattern Maker, and James Edward
Carter, Mechanical Draughtsman, both of Halifax, in the County
of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF WATER OR STENCH TRAPS.".
Sealed the 12th December 1873, and dated the 28th June 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Carter and James
Edward Carter at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 28th June 1873.
We, JOHN CARTER, Pattern Maker, and JAMES EDWARD CARTER,
Mechanical Draughtsman, both of Halifax, in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF WATER OR STENCH TRAPS," to be as follows:-
+
-
Our Invention consists in improvements in the construction of water
or stench traps, whereby not only a saving of space but also a con-
siderable economy of material is effected, whilst the trap itself is made
stronger than heretofore, and is much less liable to be injured or affected.)
by accidental strain or pressure on the main pipes connected with it,

page_text: The ordinary bent pipes and S shaped stench traps in general uso
arc formed as it were in one continuous tube, the inner passage of
which is all the same bore or size from end to end and require more
metal than those made according to our Invention, according to which
we bring the inlet and outlet pipes much closer together and form the
trap part by means of two projecting pieces or partitions extending
forward into the trap, one from the inlet and the other from the outlet
pipe, in such manner as to hold between them a sufficient quantity of
water to effectually cut off all air communication between the two sides
of the trap without in any way interfering with the free passage of the
water, and having no greater liability to choke with dirt or other matters
than ordinary traps having pipes of a similar size.
According to one arrangement the trap part is made larger than the
body of the pipe, and the projecting pieces or partitions extend forward
into the trap from the inlet and outlet pipes, or the trap may be made
somewhat similar in its outward form to the ordinary S trap, but instead
of the bent or trap part being in the shape of one continuous bent tube,
the inside passage of which is of the same shape and size in cross section
from end to end thereof, we make the trap much.shorter. and quicker
by means of projecting pieces or partitions as before described.
If desired the outlet pipe may be made at right or any other angle
with the inlet pipe. In each case we cast our improved traps in lead,
and all in one piece, with plug holes, and we use, preferably, cores of
metal made up in parts and capable of being readily put together and
taken apart, and removed from the trap after it is cast, the plug
holes facilitating the insertion and removal of the cores.
We would further remark that the passages through traps made
according to our Invention are at least equal in area to those of the
inlet or outlet nincs
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Carter and James Edward Carter in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th December 1873.
:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN.
CARTER, Pattern Maker, and JAMES EDWARD CARTER, Mechanical
Draughtsman, both of Halifax, in the County of York, send greeting.
33

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said John Carter and James Edward Carter,
Her special license that we, the said John Carter and James Edward
Carter, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said John Carter and James Edward Carter, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WATER OR STENCH TRAPS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said John Carter and James Edward
Carter, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our or their hands and scals, or under the hand and seal of one of
us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Carter and James Edward
Carter, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to
say :-
Our Invention consists in improvements in the construction of water
or stench traps, whereby not only a saving of space but also a con-
siderable economy of material is effected, whilst the trap itself is made
stronger than heretofore and is much less liable to be injured or affected
by accidental strain or pressure on the main pipes connected with it.
The ordinary bent pipes and S shaped stench traps in general use are
formed as it were in one continuous tube, the inner passage of which is
all the same bore or size from end to end, and require more metal than
those made according to our Invention, according to which we bring the
inlet and outlet pipes much closer together, and form the trap part. by
means of two projecting picces or partitions extending forward into the

page_text: trap, one from the inlet and the other from the outlet pipe, in such
manner as to hold between them a sufficient quantity of water to
effectually cut off all air communication between the two sides of the
trap without in any way interfering with the free passage of the water,
and having no greater liability to choke with dirt or other matters than
ordinary traps having pipes of a similar size.
According to one arrangement the trap part is made larger than the
body of the pipe, and the projecting pieces or partitions extend forward
into the trap from the inlet and outlet pipes, or the trap may be made
somewhat similar in its outward form to the ordinary S trap, but instead
of the bent or trap part being in the shape of one continuous bent tube,
the inside passage of which is of the same shape and size in cross section
from end to end thereof, we make the trap much shorter and quicker by
means of projecting pieces or partitions, as before described.
If desired the outlet pipe may be made at right or any other angle
with the inlet pipe. In each case we cast our improved traps in lead,
and all in one piece, and generally with plug holes, and we use, preferably,
cores of metal made up in parts and capable of being readily put
together and taken apart, and removed from the trap after it is cast, the
plug holes facilitating the insertion and removal of the cores.
We would further remark that the passages through taps made
according to our Invention are at least equal in area to those of the inlet
or outlet pipes.
And in order that our said Invention may be more clearly understood
and readily carried into effect, we will proceed, aided by the accom-
panying Drawings, more fully to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents a moulding box for the manufacture of one form
of our improved trap; Figure 2 is another view of the same with one
half of the mould removed, and showing the trap partly in section in
order to shew the form and position of the cores; and Figure 3 is a cross
section of the same taken on the line 1, 1, of Figure 2; and Figures 4,
5, 6, 7, and 8 are detail views of the cores.
The trap shewn in the above Figures is somewhat similar in its
outward form to the ordinary "S"trap, and the body or centre portion
of the trap is of the same thickness only as the inlet and outlet pipes.
1

page_text: The cores are formed in nine pieces as follows:- -B are metal cores
curved and shaped at one end to suit the shape of the pipe or trap, and
at that end they are made flat on each side for the purpose of receiving
side pieces C, C, which are secured and kept in proper position on the
corc B during the casting process, preferably by dovetails, in the form
of taper pins D, D. E is a round shaft or core constructed with a
part E¹ to form the seat c for the plug, and with a square part E³ pro-
vided with a dovetail on each side thereof to carry pieces F, F, to form
the centre part of the trap. G are steady pins for holding the
cores B, B, and E in position; and H, H, are pins for holding the two
halves of the mould X in proper relative position with cach other. The
thickness of metal allowed for the trap is clearly shewn in the Drawings.
In the arrangement shown in Figures 9 and 10 the parts B, B, C, C,
E, E, and E, and the mould box X are somewhat modified in form to
produce a trap, having the centre or trap part of a spherical form; and
in Figures 11 and 12 the corresponding parts are again modified in form
to produce a trap, having the centre or trap part of a cylindrical form.
In the latter arrangement for convenience of manufacture of the mould
we form each half thereof in two parts which are bolted together by
bolts Y.
At Figures 13 and 14 the cores are modified to suit the peculiar con-
figuration of the "P" trap, whilst the core E, E', E³, and parts F,
instead of forming the plug seat at the side of the trap are arranged, as
shown, to form the plug seat at the bottom of the trap.
For larger sizes of this last form of trap it is not necessary to form
plug holes therein as they are principally used for waterclosets, and in
consequence of their size they can be readily cleaned out by hand; we
therefore dispense with the core E and pieces F and arrange the cores in
seven pieces, as shewn at Figures 15 and 16, so that when the trap is
cast the cores marked B, B, can be readily drawn out straight from the
pipes, leaving behind each of them two pieces C, C, which will readily
follow, after which the piece K can be drawn out of the trap without
requiring any plug-hole.
We would here remark that the various details of the moulds and
cores may be varied, and the cores may be made of loam without de-
parting from the nature of our Invention so long as the chief peculiarity
thereof be retained, namely, the bringing the inlet and outlet pipes

page_text: closer together than heretofore, thereby saving space and economising
material or weight of metal without contracting or narrowing the area
of the passages through the trap.
We have not thought it necessary to show further details of the cores
used with the forms of traps shewn at Figures 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13, as
aided by the last-mentioned Drawings, and by the details shewn at
Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 of the cores used with the arrangement shown
at Figures 1, 2, and 3, it will be readily understood by a competent
mechanic how to vary the forms of such parts to suit the peculiar forms
of the traps.
In the form of trap shown at Figures 12 and 13 only one projecting
piece or partition 6 is employed, as by the shape of the trap a second is
not required.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the
mode in which we carry the same into effect, we would have it under-
stood that what we claim is, the manufacture of water or stench traps in
manner substantially as herein shown and described, in which the inlet
and outlet pipes are brought closer together than heretofore, thereby
saving space and economising material or weight of metal without con-
tracting or narrowing the size or area of the passages through the trap.
In witness whercof, we, the said John Carter and James Edward
Carter, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-third
day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand cight
hundred and seventy-three.
JOHN CARTER
G
JOHN CARTER
(L.S.)
JAMES EDWARD CARTER. (L.S.)