Tricycles or Wheeled Vehicles on Common Roads.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Aug., 1887
Complete Left, 30th Apr., 1888
Complete Accepted, 6th July, 1888
Tricycles or Wheeled Vehicles on Common Roads.
We, WILLIAM OLIVER of 51 Harrogate Street Sunderland in the county of Durham
Engineer and RALPH HARRISON of 2 Borough Road East Sunderland Drysalter
in the aforesaid County do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows-
This invention relates, to Improvements in the construction, propulsion, and guiding
of Tricycles, and wheeled vehicles on common roads, propelled by the use of gas
generated on the tricycle, or wheeled vehicle in accordance with patent granted to us
dated 22nd of April eighteen hundred and eighty seven, and numbered 5863.
In carrying out our invention, we construct the frame of the tricycle, or wheeled
vehicle of a double tube with a space between the inner, and outer tube, for the passage
of the exhaust gas from the motor to the condensers or tanks. The inner tube being
for the passage of air from a blast fan to the mixing chamber of the furnace. The
outer tube is suspended by springs and supports the guiding gear, seats for passengers,
and gas pressure motor, which consist of a gas generator, or boiler, with a suitable
double chambered gas and air furnace, also a starting chamber at the bottom of the
furnace.
The aforesaid furnace is connected to the bottom of the gas generator, or boiler,
which is fitted with an internal pipe and perforated cap. The pipe being coiled round
the flue in the interior of the generator, or boiler, the flue is then carried to the rear
end of the tricycle. The aforesaid internal pipe is connected by a suitable valve, and
pipe, to a cylinder, the cylinder containing a piston connected to a crank shaft with
suitable driving gear connected by varying speed wheels, and tighting chain gear, to
the tricycle, or vehicle. The exhaust gas from the cylinder is passed by suitable pipes,
and valves, to the double tubeler frame, and partly to the mixing chamber of the
furnace, when passed to the double tubeler frame, the outer tube serves to convey the
gas to the condensers or tanks. The inner tube of the frame is connected to a blast
fan, driven by the fly wheel of the motor, the air forced through the inner tube, of the
frame is taken by a suitable pipe into the interior of the furnace, and there heated,

page_text: then conducted through a pipe and cock, to the mixing chamber of the furnace, and
mixed with part of the exhaust gas taken from the pipe connecting the cylinder with
the outer frame of the tricycle, or vehicle passing through a pipe, and suitable valve
and pipe with regulating nosle to the mixing chamber of the furnace. The gas can
also when required be taken direct from the generator or boiler, through a suitable
valve and pipe, to the mixing chamber, without passing through the cylinder. A
small pipe with a suitable regulating valve being taken from the direct pipe into the
top of the furnace to burn a small jet of gas to serve as a light to start the furnace.
The aforesaid outer tubeler frame of the tricycle, or vehicle, is connected by a suit-
able pipe, with the first condenser, or tank. Also the aforesaid condenser, or tank is
connected by a suitable pipe, with run off cock to a second condenser or tank.
The aforesaid condenser or tank being of a tubeler form, with an inner tube passing
from end, to end, allowing a free passage for a current of air. On the top of the
first condenser is placed a screw cap, to enable the condenser or tank to be filled. Also
on the top of the second condenser, is placed a small cock to admit air into the con-
densers, or tanks, and at the bottom a pipe connecting a pump with relief valve
connected to the boiler, and condenser.
On the aforesaid outer tubeler frame is fixed a steering, or guiding gear, which
consists of a tube with perforated disk, on the top, and a shaft passing through the
disk and tube.
The aforesaid shaft having at the top a split cranked handle, with a spring pin to
lock into the holes, in the perforated disk.
And the aforesaid shaft carrying at the bottom a small cog wheel gearing into a
rack contained in a tube, and connected by a rod to the arms of the front guiding
or stearing wheel. The aforesaid tube containing the rack is fastened to the bottom
of the disk tube, and also to the suspender bar, of the motor.
The tubeler frame of the tricycle, or vehicle, is suspended at the front end, to a
spring pressing on a shoe, and working in a slide acting on a step formed on the top of
the supporting bar, which is fastened to the bottom of the generator, or boiler, by an
eye, and pin. The aforesaid spring is so arranged as to take up the vibration.
Dated this 30th day of July 1887.
WILLIAM OLIVER.
RALPH HARRISON.

page_text: Tricycles or Wheeled Vehicles on Common Roads.
We WILLIAM OLIVER of 51 Harrogate Street Sunderland, in the county of Durham
Engineer, and RALPH HARRISON of 2 Borough Road East Sunderland Drysalter, in
the aforesaid County do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to improvements in the construction, propulsion, and guiding,
of tricycles, and wheeled vehicles, on common roads, propelled by the use of gas
generated on the tricycle, or wheeled vehicle, and relates generally to the construction,
and propulsion of tricyles, and other vehicles, propelled by a motor of that class, in
which a liquifable gas is used expansively. Then condensed, and returned again to
generator, and by heating again converted into gas, and thus used over again in-
definitely. Such liquids, as for instance, Bisulphide. of Carbon, Naptha, or Petroleum
Spirit, or any light Hydro Carbon being suitable for the purpose. The invention
relates more especially to the propulsion, of tricycles, or vehicles, by an engine, or
motor, in which the heat necessary for converting the liquid into gas is obtained by
the combustion of a portion of the gas itself. The object of our present invention is
to provide certain improvements in the construction of the frame of the tricycle, or
wheeled vehicle, whereby it becomes available for the passage of the exhaust gas to
the double tubular condensers, and in gas generator, and pressure engine, or motor,
with suitable double chambered gas, and air furnace, with regulating nozzle, and
starting furnace, together with the improved arrangement of pipes, and valves.
Whereby the exhaust gas can be used as a means of heating the gas generator. The
improved guiding, or steering gear, facilitating a control of tricycle, or wheeled
vehicle, together with the improved arrangement of spring supporting the fore-end of
vehicle, which is so arranged as to take up the vibration.
The invention will be hereinafter fully described, and specifically, pointed out in the
claims reference being had to the accompanying five sheets of drawings, in which
Figure 1 represents a side elevation of this improved motor tricycle, and Figure 2
shows a plan of the same. Figure 3. is an end elevation of generator, and gas motor
shown partly in section. Figure 4. is a sectional plan of the same taken through the
line W. W. of Figure 3: Figure 5 is a vertical cross section through double chambered
gas, and air furnace, showing vertical section of starting furnace at bottom taken on
the line Z. Z. of figure 6. Figure 6. is a plan of the top of combustion chamber show-
ing cap, and perforated plate, and external view of regulating nozzle. Figure 7. is a
plan of starting furnace detached, showing end of feed pipe. Figure 8. is a section of
combustion chamber taken on the line K. K. of Figure 5. and shows plan of regulating
air slide. Figure 9. is a section through mixing chamber, and regulating nozzle taken
at the line J. J. of figures 5 and 10. Figure 10. is a side view of furnace showing
arrangement of slide, and rack, in section for the admission of air. Figure 11 is a

page_text: vertical section of steering, or guiding gear, perforated disk, and tube, with shaft
passing through disk, and tube carrying at the bottom a cog wheel gearing into a
rack, which is shown partly in section. Figure 12. shows a vertical cross section of
tube, and rack. Figure 13. is a plan of steering, or guiding gear, showing perforated
disk, and split cranked handle. Figure 14. is a vertical section on line X. X. of
Figures 11. and 13. Figure 15. is an enlarged sectional view of split cranked handle;
the dotted lines showing split handle closed, and pin lifted out of hole. Figures 16.
and 17. are a vertical cross section, and back view of front end spring, showing action
of spring on shoe, and step. Figure 18. is a plan of the same. In Figures 3. and 4.
are shown a vertical, and sectional plan, of double tubular frame, in which A. is the
outer tube, and B. the inner tube. The aforesaid tube B. is designed to convey the
air from a blast fan to mixing chamber of furnace. The space between the tubes A.
and B. is intended to convey the exhaust gas to double tubular condensers. In order
to enable our invention to be fully understood we will describe the same by reference
to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 3. is an end elevation of generator, or
boiler, and Figure 4. a sectional plan of same in which C. represents the outer shell
and C. 1. the inner shell, of generator, or boiler, in which the volatile liquid, or liquids,
are heated, and converted into gas, by means of a furnace U. at the lower part of
generator. This generator is fitted with a pressure gauge, safety valve, and blow off
cock C. 2. The furnace chamber of generator is provided with a series of tubes D.
passing through the inner shell C. 1. into the annular spaces D. 1. which are closed at
the bottom, and open at the top, the gases of combustion passing through the tubes D.
enter the annular spaces D. 1. passing up into the smoke chamber E. at top of
generator, then return down spaces E. 1. which are all open at the bottom to smoke
Huc F, which is carried to the rear of tricycle, or wheeled vehicle. The aforesaid
smoke chamber E. is fitted with a small flue, and cap F. 1. at the top. The generator
contains a pipe G. with perforated cap on the top. The aforesaid pipe G. is coiled
round in one, or more coils, on the top of furnace chamber, the end is connected to the
top of double valve G. 1, which is connected by pipe H. to the slide valve chest of the
cylinder H. 1, containing a piston. The said cylinder is of a similar construction to
a steam cylinder. The exhaust pipe I, is connected to a valve I. 1 having four open-
ings, one opening being to pipe J. 1, which conveys part of the gas exhausted from
the cylinder to regulating nozzle of furnace, another opening by pipe K. 1. to lower
part of double valve G. 1. When the upper part of double valve G. 1 is closed, and
the lower part open the gas can be admitted by means of pipe K. 1. to valve I. 1. and
through pipe J. 1 to regulating nozzle of furnace without passing through the cylinder
H. 1. the remaining opening from valve I. 1 is connected to a three way cock L.
One opening of cock L. is to blow off pipe L. 1, another opening is connected by pipe M.
to the annular space between the tubes A. and B. of double tubular frame which is
connected by pipes to double tubular condensers to be hereinafter described.
The aforesaid pipe J. 1. is connected at M. 1. see Figures 6, 8, and 9 to regulating
nozzle, the aforesaid nozzle is fitted with a taper plug N, and gland N. 1. to regulato
the size of opening O. for the admission of gas to lower mixing chamber 0.1. of
furnace which is fitted with the lugs P. for the purpose of connecting the furnace to
the bottom of the combustion chamber of generator, or boiler, and with a slide rack P. 1.
figures 8. and 10. which slide is so designed as to regulate the admission of outer
air into the mixing chamber of furnace through the opening Q. The mixing
chamber of the furnace has at the top an opening Q. 1. figuro 8. to admit the
mixture of gas, and air to the combustion chamber R. which is fitted with a
perforated plate R. 1. which is held in place by a moveable cap S. figures 5. 6
and 10. At the bottom of the mixing chamber is attached a starting furnace, or
lamp S. 1. Figures 5, and 7. which is filled with any absorbent material, and
provided with a perforated plate T. Figures 5. and 7. show section, and plan of
starting furnace, and end of feed pipe T. 1. The feed pipe T. 1. is also shown
in figure 3. The annular space between pipes A. and B. of double tubular frame
is connected by a pipe V. Figures 1. and 2. to the first condenser V. 1. the
first condenser is connected by pipe Y. to the second condenser Y. 1. This

page_text: second condenser is connected by pipe A. 2. to regulating valve H. 2. and by
pipe G. 2. to pump B. 2. fitted with relief valve which is connected to the
condenser V. 1. by pipe D. 2. and by pipe E. 2. to the check valve F. 2 which
communicates with gas generator. The direction taken by the exhaust gas is
shown by the arrows. The inner tube B. figures 3 and 4 is connected at one
end to a blast fan not shown on the drawing driven by means of a belt from a
pully on the crank shaft I. 2, which serves to drive a blast of air through the
inner tube B. of double tubular frame. The direction of air current is shown by
small arrows.
The other end J. 2. of inner tube after it leaves the outer tube, A.
is coiled round the furnace chamber of generator, thence conducted by pipe, and
cock to mixing chamber of furnace, this arrangement is not shown on the drawing.
The outer tube A. of double tubular frame is shown stopped at F. 3. The
aforesaid double tubular condensers V. 1. and Y. 1. are suspended at the lower
part of tricycle, or wheeled vehicle, and are formed of double tubes with an
annular space between. The inner tube is formed at the front end with a bell
mouth, and open at the rear end to allow a free passage to a current of air..
K. 2. figures 1. and 2. show inner, and outer tubes of double tubular condensers
broken through showing the arrangement of inner, and outer tubes. On the
aforesaid outer tubular frame is fixed a steering, or guiding gear, which consists
of a tube L. 2.. figures 11. and 14 with perforated disk M. 2. figures 11. 13 and 14.
on the top and a shaft N. 2. passing through the disk M. 2. and tube L. 2.
carrying at the bottom a cog wheel O. 2. geared into the rack P. 2. which is
connected by the tube, or rod Q. 2. figures 1. and 2 to the arms of the front
guiding, or steering wheel. The aforesaid rack P. 2. is fitted into the tube R. 2.
figures 11 and 13. Figure 12 shows cross section of tube and rack. Figure 14
shows cross section of tube and rack, through the line X. X. figures 11 and 13.
Figure 15. shows a sectional view of split cranked handle in which S. 2. represents
the fixed part of handle and T. 2. the moveable part actuated by the spring U. 2;
and carrying at the bottom a moveable pin V. 2. to lock into the holes in perforated
disk. The aforesaid tube L. 2 is fixed at the bottom to tube A. of double tubular
frame. The tube R. 2. containing rack is fixed at the bottom of the tube L. 2. and
also to suspender bar of motor. The aforesaid double tubular frame is suspended at
the front end to a spring of which figure 16. is a vertical sectional view in which W. 2.
is the spring X. 2. is a centre sleeve on spring Y. 2. a bolt connected to the sleeve,
and spring, having at the bottom end a shoe Z. 2. acting on step A. 3. formed on the
top of supporting bar B. 3. which is fastened to the bottom of generator, or boiler,
by an eye, and pin. The aforesaid inner, and outer tubes A. and B. of double
tubular frame may be of any size, or shape, suitable to the aforesaid tricycle, or
vehicle. The above described tricycle may have one, or more cylinders, to the
generator, in case the generator is fitted with more than one cylinder, the exhaust gas
may be carried direct to double tubular frame, or to condensers. The above described
tricycle, or vehicle, may either serve as a conveyance for passengers, or it may be
used on tramways as a locomotive, in this case the steering wheel will be replaced by
two fixed whicels, and the seat may be omitted. The invention is also appliable to all
kinds of road vehicles, private, and public carriages, waggons, and the like. In this
case the tricycle would form the front part of the vehicle, a second part in the rear
serving to carry the load.
:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in which manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is,
1st. In a tricycle, or vehicle, the combination of a tube within a tube forming a
double tubular frame whereby the annular space between the outside of inner tube,
and inside of outer tube is available for the passage of the gas exhausted from the
cylinder, or cylinders of motor to condensers substantially as, and for the purpose
herein before described, and set forth.
2nd. In a tricycle, or vehicle propelled by the pressure of an expansive gas the
'

page_text: combination of generator, or boiler, having tubes D. from furnace chamber to
annular spaces D. 1. between C. and C. 1. substantially as, and for the purpose
herein before set forth.
3rd. In a tricycle, or vehicle propelled by the pressure of an expansive gas the
combination of perforated cap, and internal coiled pipe G. the aforesaid pipe
being coiled on crown of furnace chamber as, and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.
4th. In a tricycle, or vehicle propelled by the pressure of an expansive gas the
combination, or arrangement, of pipes, and valves, to regulate the inlet, and
outlet of gas to the cylinder, or cylinders, substantially as, and for the purpose
hereinbefore described.
5th. In a tricycle, or vehicle, propelled by a motor worked by the pressure of
an expansive gas the combination of a cylinder, or cylinders, containing a piston,
or pistons connected to a crank or cranks, radiating at angles from the driving
shaft substantially as specified.
6th. In a tricycle, or vehicle for utilizing as a motive power a liquid convertable
into combustible vapour at a comparatively low temperature, the combination
with a vapour generator, or boiler communicating with the valve chest, and
working cylinder of the motor a combustion chamber R. with perforated plate R. 1.
at top and moveable cap S. and connected by opening Q. 1. with mixing
chamber O. 1. fitted with regulating nozzle, and regulating air slide, all constructed,
and arranged substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
7th. In a tricycle, or vehicle, propelled by the pressure of an expansive gas
the combination of a perforated disk with a shaft contained in a tube, and
connected to a split cranked handle operated by a spring, and having a pin
locking into aforesaid disk, and carrying a cog wheel gearing into a rack
contained in a tube substantially as, and for the purpose herein before described,
and set forth.
8th. In a tricycle, or vehicle, propelled by a motor utilizing as a motive power
a liquid converted into a vapour at a comparatively low temperature the combination
of the double tubular condensers having an annular space between inner, and
outer tubes, the aforesaid inner tube being open at both ends substantially as, and
for the purpose herein before set forth.
9th. In a tricycle, or vehicle, propelled by a motor worked by the pressure of
an expansive gas the combination of a spring pressing on a shoe working in a
slide, acting on a step formed on the top of supporting bar, which is fastened to
the bottom of generator by an eye, and pin, substantially as and for the purpose,
hereinbefore described, and set forth.
10th. The improved tricycle hereinbefore described, and represented in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 98th at Anvil 1000
WILLIAM OLIVER.
RALPH HARRISON.