Improvements in Fastenings and Holders for 'Window Sashes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Aug., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 27th May, 1896-Accepted; 20th Nov., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fastenings and Holders for 'Window Sashes.
I, LOUIS W. BALDWIN, of 33 Astor Place in the City of Jersey, County of
Hudson, and State of New York, United States of America, do. hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows
This invention relates to automatic window sash locks and supports and the
object thereof is to produce a simple and effective device adapted to be secured
to a window sash or screen and to operate in connection with the frame of the
window, so as to support the sash in any desired position or to lock it in a
closed position, both of which results are secured by frictional contact exerted
by the lock or fastener upon the frame of the window.
In the practice of my invention I provide a hollow cylindrical casing or shell,
one end of which is open and the other end of which is provided with an annular
inwardly directed rim or flange, forming a central end opening. Within the
casing or shell is placed a tubular box or housing provided with a tubular shank
which extends outward through the central opening, in the end of the casing as
is described and within the box or housing, is a movable head or plunger,
provided with a which extends through the central bore of the shank, in
ich is reduced in size, to which is rigidly secured a nut
the outer end
or head.
The central
an annular shou
...
f the shaft, is enlarged for a portion of its length forming
ind within said central bore is placed a spiral, mounted on
the shaft, one enà. hich abuts against the plunger, and the other end of which
abuts against the shoulders.
The annular shoulder, is provided on its opposite sides with longitudinal slots,
and adjacent to one of said slots, said annular shoulder is cut away forming a
notch or recess, at one end of which is formed a shoulder, and one end of the
spring, enters one of the longitudinal slots and the other slot or that adjacent
to the cut away portion is designed to receive the lug or projection.
Within the outer end of the head or plunger is formed a substantially semi-
cylindrical cavity, within which is placed or supported in any desired manner,
a friction roller, of rubber or similar material, and in the outer end of the casing
is formed a notch or recess, adapted to receive a lug or projection, formed in
the outer surface of the outer end of the box or housing, the object of which
is to prevent said box or housing from turning in the casing, and said casing
is also preferably cut away on one side thereof as described.
In the application of my improved lock and support for window sashes, the
casing, with its attached parts as described, is inserted or set into the side of
the window sash in such manner that the shank extends through the inner side
thereof, as is also clearly described, and the casing is secured within the sash in
any desired manner.
When the casing is thus secured to the sash the friction roller, will press
against the frame of the window, and the amount of pressure or friction produced
by the friction roller, upon the window frame will be regulated by the spring
which may be made of any desired strength.
It is evident that a lock or support of this kind may be applied to both of
the sashes of a window, and by this means said sashes may be locked in the
closed position, or either of them supported in any desired position, as will be

page_text: readily understood, it being only necessary when it is desired to change the
position of either sash to pull inward on the head or thumb nut, thus releasing
the pressure on the friction roller, when the sash may be adjusted to any desired
position and after which by releasing the head or thumb nut, the lock will operate
to hold the sash therein.
The shell or casing, may be omitted entirely in applying my improved lock or
support to ordinary window sashes, and the box or housing, set into the sash in
the same manner as hereinbefore described when the casing is employed and in
this form of construction the lug or projection will prevent the box or housing
from turning as will be readily understood.
The shell or casing, is particularly adapted for use when the window sash is
thin as in the case of the window of steam cars, horse cars and steam vessels
of various descriptions, and when applied in this manner, the casing, may be
secured to the sash by any desired means, when, as will be understood the lock
will operate in the manner hereinbefore described.
The friction roller, is always held in contact with the frame by the spring,
and when it is desired to adjust the position of the window sash it is only necessary
to pull outwardly on the thumb nut, when the sash may be raised or lowered as
desired, and by releasing the thumb nut, the spring will again operate to hold the
sash in any desired position.
The shaft is revoluble in the plunger, and riveted thereto, and the outer end
of the spring, is secured to the shaft, near the plunger, and the other end rests
within one of the longitudinal slots or cavities, in the shoulder, and is therefore
immovable with reference to the shaft, and instead of pulling out on the thumb
nut or head, as hereinbefore stated, the lock may be released by simply turning
the shaft by means of the thumb nut or head, when the lugs or projection, which
normally rests against the cut away portion, will be turned until it enters the
adjacent slot, and the weight of the sash will force the said lug or projection
far enough into said slot to allow the friction roller, to become flush with the
front of the box or housing, thereby reducing the friction and allowing the sash
to be raised or lowered. When the nut, is released the spring, will draw the
lug or projection out of the slot and turn the shaft, that said lug or projection
will rest in the cut away portion, or against the shoulder thereof, when the
window frame will again be locked in position by the spring.
The spring has. two actions. The first forces the roller out of the box at the
same time drawing the lug out of the slot, as far as the cut away portion of
the shoulder, in which position it will then turn the shaft with the lug, so that
the lug will rest in the recess, in the shoulder, thereby locking the support, and
it will thus be seen that the device is a self-locker, in that the operation of
securing the window in place is automatic, the sash being secured in position by
the operation of the spring.
It will thus be observed that my improved window lock may be operated either
by pulling outward on the shaft, or by turning said shaft as hereiubefore described,
and it will also be seen that I accomplish the object of my invention by means
of a device which, is simple in construction and operation, and which may be
readily applied and which is comparatively inexpensive.
It is evident that changes in, and modifications of, the form, construction,
combination and arrangement of the various parts of my improved window lock
and support may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention,
and I therefore reserve the right to make such changes in the form, construction,
combination and arrangement of the various elements, as fairly come within the
scope thereof.
Dated this 7th day of August 1895.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents..

page_text: Improvements in Fastenings and Holders for Window Sashes.
I LOUIS W. BALDWIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at 33 Astor
Place in the City of Jersey in the County of Hudson and State of New
York U.S.A. Clerk do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to automatic window sash locks and supports and the
object thereof is to produce a simple and effective device adapted to be secured to
a window sash or screen and to operate in connection with the frame of the window,
so as to support the sash in any desired position or to lock it in a closed position,
both of which results are secured by frictional contact exerted by the lock or
fastener upon the frame of the window.
The invention is fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the
accompanying drawing forms a part, in which :-
Fig. 1, represents the method of applying my improved lock or support to the
sash of a window;
Fig. 2, a bottom plan view of the lock or support;
Fig. 3, a side view thereof;
Fig. 4, a longitudinal sectional view thereof; and,
Fig. 5, is a section on the line 4, 4, of Fig. 4, on a larger scale.
In the practice of my invention, I provide a hollow cylindrical casing or shell A,
one end of which is open and the other end of which is provided with an annular
inwardly directed rim or flange B, forming a central end opening C. Within the
casing or shell A, is placed a tubular box or casing D, provided with a tubular
shank E, which extends outward through the central opening C in the end of the
cusing A, as is clearly shown in Fig. 4, and within the box or housing D, is a
movable head or plunger F, provided with a shaft G, which extends through the
central bore of the shank E, and the outer end of which is reduced in size, as shown
at H, to which is rigidly secured a nut or head K.
The central bore of the shaft E, is enlarged for a portion of its length forming
an annular shoulder L, and within said central bore is placed a spiral spring M,
mounted on the shaft G, one end of which abuts against the plunger F, and the
other end of which abuts against the shoulder L.
The annular shoulder L, is provided on its opposite sides with transverse slots L',
shown in Fig. 5, and adjacent to one of said slots L', said annular shoulder is cut
away forming a notch or recess l, at one end of which is formed a shoulder, and
one end of the spring M, enters one of the transverse slots L', and the other
slot or that adjacent to the cut away portion 1, is designed to receive the lug or
projection m.
Within the outer end of the head or plunger F, is formed a substantially semi-
cylindrical cavity N, within which is placed or supported in any desired manner, a
friction roller O, of rubber or similar material, and in the outer end of the casing A,
is formed a notch or recess P, adapted to receive a lug or projection R, formed in
the outer surface of the outer end of the box or housing D, the object of which is
to prevent said box or housing from turning in the casing A, the said casing A, is
also preferably cut away on one side thereof, as shown at S in Figs. 3, and 4,
the object of which is to save metal and to show that the casing A, may consist of
a frame.
In the application of my improved lock and support for window sashes, the
casing A, with its attached parts as shown and described, is set into the side of the
window sash as shown at T, Fig. 1, in such manner that the shank E, extends

page_text: through the inner side thereof, as is also shown in said Fig. 1, and the casing A, is
secured within the sash in any desired manner.
When the casing A, is thus secured to the sash the friction roller O, will press
against the frame U, of the window as shown in Figs. 1, and 3, and the amount of
pressure or friction produced by the friction roller O, upon the window frame
will be regulated by the spring M, which may be made of any desired strength.
It is evident that a lock or support of this kind may be applied to both of the
sashes of a window, and by this means said sashes may be held in the closed
position, or either of them supported in any desired position, as will be readily
understood, it being only necessary when it is desired to change the position of
either sash to take hold of the nut K, turn the shaft G, so that the lug m, will
enter the adjacent slot L' and pull outwardly on said nut thus releasing the pressure
on the friction roller O, when the sash may be adjusted to any desired position, and
after which on releasing the thumb nut, the roller O is forced outwardly by the
spring M, and on turning the shaft G, so as to force the lug m, over the cut away
portion, as herein before described, the sash will be locked.
The shell or casing A, may be omitted entirely in applying my improved lock or
support to ordinary window sashes, and the box or housing D, set into the sash in
the same manner as herein before described when the casing A, is employed, and in
this form of construction the plug or projection R, will prevent the box or housing
from turning as will be readily understood. The shell or casing A, is particularly
adapted for use when the window sash is thin as in the case of the window of steam
cars, horse cars and steam vessels of various descriptions, aud when applied in
this manner, the casing A, may be secured to the sash by any desired means,
when, as will be understood the lock will operate in the manner herein before
described.
The projection m and slots L' and notch may be dispensed with. In this case
the friction roller O, is always held in contact with the frame by the spring M, and
the shaft G need not be revoluble in the shank E. When it is desired to adjust the
position of the window sash it is only necessary to pull on the thumb but K,
when the sash may be raised or lowered as desired, and by releasing the thumb
nut K, the spring will again operate to hold the sash in any desired position.
In a further modification the shaft G, is revoluble in the shank E, and the outer
end of the spring M is secured to the shaft G, near the plunger, and the other end
rests within one of the longitudinal slets or cavities L in the shoulder L, and is
therefore immovable with reference to the shaft G, and instead of turning and then
pulling the thumb nut or head K, as herein before stated, the lock may be released
by simply turning the shaft G, by means of the thumb nut or head, when the lug
or projection m, which normally rests against the shoulder will come opposite
the slot L' when the sash can be opened forcing the said lug or projection far
enough into said slot L', to allow the friction roller O, to become flush with the
front of the box or housing D, thereby reducing the friction and allowing the sash
to be raised or lowered. When the nut K, is released the spring M, will draw or
force the lug or projection m, out of the slot L' in which it rests and turn the
shaft G, so that said lug or projection will rest on the cut away portion 1, .or
against the shoulder 1,. thereof, when the window will again be locked in position
by the spring M.
The spring M has two actions. The first forces the roller O, out of the box B,
at the same time drawing the lug m, out of the slot L', as far as the cut away
portion of the shoulder, in which position it will then turn the shaft G, with the
-lug m, so that the lug will rest on the cut away part 1, or against the shoulder P,
thereby locking the support, and it will thus be seen that the device is a self-
locker, and that the operation of securing the window in place is automatic, the
sash being secured in position by the operation of the spring.
'It will thus be observed that in its simplest form my improved window lock may
be operated by pulling outward on the shaft G, as herein before described, and it

page_text: will also be seen that I accomplish the object of my invention by means of a device
which is simple in construction and operation, and which may be readily applied.
and which is comparatively inexpensive.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-.
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The combination with a window sash, of a box or housing provided with a
tubular shank, a spring operated head or plunger located in said box or housing
and provided with a shaft which extends through said tubular shank, and a friction
device adapted to be held by said plunger in contact with the window frame,.
substantially as shown and described.
2. The combination with a window sash, of a box or housing set therein, and
provided with a tubular shank which extends inwardly therethrough, a spring
operated head or plunger located in said casing and provided with a shaft which
extends through said tubular shank, and a friction device adapted to be held
by said plunger or in contact with the window frame, substantially as shown and
described.
3. The combination with a window sash, of a box or housing set therein and
provided with a tubular shank, which extends inwardly therethrough, a spring.
operated head or plunger located in said casing and provided with a shaft which
extends through said tubular shank, and a friction device adapted to be held..
by said plunger in contact with the window frame, said shaft being provided
with an extension on which is mounted a head or thumb nut, substantially as shown
and described.
4. The combination with a window sash, of a casing or housing set therein, or
secured thereto, one end of which is open and directed outwardly, and the other of
which is provided with a central opening, a tubular box or housing within said
casing the outer end of which is open, and the other end of which is provided with
a tubular shank which extends through the opening at the end of the casing, a
spring operated head or plunger within said box or housing, provided with a shaft.
which extends through said shank, the outer end of the head or plunger being
provided with a transverse semi-cylindrical friction device which is adapted to be
held in contact with the frame of the window by said spring operated plunger,.
substantially as shown and described.
5. The combination with a window sash, of a casing set therein, one end of which
is open and directed outward, and the other end of which is provided with a central
opening, a tubular box or casing within said housing, the outer end of which is open
and the inner end of which is provided with a tubular shank which extends through
the opening in the inner end of the casing, a spring operated head or plunger
within said box or housing, provided with a shaft which extends through said shank,
the outer end of the head or plunger being provided with a transverse semi-
cylindrical cavity adapted to be held in contact with the frame of the window by
said shaft which extends through said shank, and is provided with a head or
thumb nut mounted thereon, substantially as shown and described.
6. The combination with a window sash, of a box or housing set therein, and
provided with a tubular shank, which extends inwardly therethrough, a spring
operated head or plunger located in said box or housing, and provided with a
revoluble shaft which extends through said tubular shank, the central bore of the
shank being enlarged forming a shoulder at the inner end thereof, a spring mounted
on said shaft, one end of which is secured thereto adjacent to the plunger, and the
other end of which is adapted to enter a slot formed in the said shoulder, a lug or
projection on said shaft, and a slot or recess on said shoulder opposite that which
the end of the spring enters, said shoulder being also cut away adjacent to said last
named slot or recess, forming a segmental recess in which said lug or projection
rests, said shaft being adapted to be turned so that said lug or projection will

page_text: enter the slot in the shoulder adjacent thereto, substantially as shown and
described.
Dated this 26th day of May 1896.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.