DOUBLING, TWISTING, AND WINDING SILK, COTTON, AND OTHER THREADS, AS WELL FROM THE COP AS FROM THE BOBBIN, WITH ▲ STOP MOTION AND WITHOUT SPINDLES. BANDS: OR Flyers
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Loewenstein, of the Town of Nottingham,
Lace Manufacturer, and Samuel Ward, of North Street, in the
Parish of Sneinton, in the County of Nottingham, Machinist, for
the Invention of "DOUBLING, TWISTING, AND WINDING SILK, COTTON,
AND OTHER THREADS, AS WELL FROM THE COP AS FROM THE BOBBIN, WITH ▲
STOP MOTION AND WITHOUT SPINDLES. BANDS: OR Flyers”
Scaled the 18th June 1875, and dated the 8th January 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Lowenstein and
Samuel Ward at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 8th January 1875.
We, DAVID LEWENSTEIN, of the Town of Nottingham, Laco Manu-
facturer, and SAMUEL WARD, of North Street, in the Parish of Sneinton,
in the County of Nottingham, Machinist, do hereby declaro the nature
of the said Invention for "DOUBLING, TWISTING, AND WINDING SILE, COTTON,
AND OTHER THREADS, AS WELL FROM THE COP AS FROM THE BOBBIN, WITH A
STOP MOTION, AND WITHOUT SPINDLES, BANDS, OR FLYERS," to be as follows :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for
doubling, twisting, and winding silk, cotton, and other threads. For

page_text: this purpose the several cops or bobbins of threads which are to be
doubled and twisted together are mounted on a holder carried by a
vertical axis. This axis at its lower end is furnished with a bevilled
pinion, which gears with a corresponding wheel on an horizontal axis
running from end to end of the machine, and driving a large number 5
of cop or bobbin holders, which are similar in all respects the one to tho
other.
The threads pass from the several cops or bobbins on each holder
through guides on the head of the axis of the holder, and over or
through other guides, and so to a receiving bobbin. The receiving 1
bobbin is driven by a worm wheel and worm connected by toothed gear
with the main horizontal axis, and so the receiving bobbin is caused to
wind the threads up it and draw them from the cops or bobbins on the
cop or bobbin holder.
The guide, from which the threads pass on to the receiving bobbin, is 1
caused to traverse to and fro along the bobbin to distribute the threads
upon it. The guide receives this motion by connection with a lever,
which is also coupled by a link with a pin fixed eccentrically in the face
of a worm wheel, which is slowly rotated by a worm on the main
horizontal axis.
2
In order when a thread breaks to stop the winding of this thread and
those which are being doubled with it without interfering with any other
part of the machine the following arrangements are made :-Each
thread as it is drawn from the cop or bobbin, and before it reaches the
guide on the head of the vertical rotating axis of the cop or bobbin 2
holder, passes beneath a finger carried upon a wire or rod, which is able
to slide in guides formed for it in the rotating cop or bobbin holder.
So long as the thread is entire it supports the finger, but when the
thread breaks the finger with the wire or rod to which it is attached
falls by its own weight, and then immediately the rotation of the holder a
carries it into contact with a lever having a fixed fulcrum. The lever
is thus caused to move about its fulcrum, and in so doing it moves two
other levers, one of which lifts up the vertical axis of the cop or bobbin
holder, so that the bevilled pinion upon it is taken out of gear with the
wheel which drives it, and the other lover similarly lifts the worm wheel &
which actuates the receiving bobbin until it no longer gears with the
worm by which it is driven. Thus the winding of the broken thread,

page_text: and the other threads which are being doubled with it, is at once
stopped, and will remain stopped until the breakage is repaired, whilst
the other parts of the machine continue to run.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of tho Letters Patent,
filed by the said David Loewenstein and Samuel Wood in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 8th July 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, DAVID
LOEWENSTEIN, of the Town of Nottingham, Lace Manufacturer, and
SAMUEL WARD, of North Street, in the Parish of Sneinton, in the
County of Nottingham, Machinist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
cighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give.
and grant unto us, the said David Lowenstein and Samuel Ward, Her
special license that we, the said David Lowenstein and Samuel Ward, our
excoutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
David Loewenstein and Samuel Ward, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands;
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "DOUBLING, TWISTING, AND WINDING SILK,
COTTON, AND OTHER THREADS, AS WELL FROM THE COP AS FROM THE BOBBIN, WITH
STOP MOTION, AND WITHOUT SPINDLES, BANDS, OR FLYERS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said David Loewenstein and Samuel Ward,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said David Loewenstein and Samuel
Ward, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say),
reference being had to the accompanying Drawing, and to the letters.
and figures marked thereon:-
•
Our said Invention relates to machinery for doubling, twisting, and
winding silk, cotton, and other threads, and consists in having several
cops or bobbins of threads mounted on a holder carried by a vertical
axis. This axis at its lower end is furnished with a bevilled pinion,
which gears with a corresponding wheel on an horizontal axis running
from end to end of the machine, and driving a large number of cops or 1
bobbins mounted on holders, and which are similar the one to the
other.
The threads pass from the several cops or bobbins on cach holder
through guides or supports on the head of the axis of the holder, and
over or through other guides or supports, and so to a receiving bobbin, 1
which is driven by a worm wheel and worm connected by toothed gear
with the main horizontal axis, and so the receiving bobbin is caused to
wind the threads up it, and draw them from the cops or bobbins on the
cop or bobbin holder.
The guide or support, from which the threads pass on to the receiving :
bobbin, is caused to traverse to and fro along the bobbin to distributo
the threads upon it. The guide or support may receive this motion by
connection with a lever, which is also coupled by a link with a pin fixed.
eccentrically in the face of a worm wheel, which is slowly rotated by a
worm on the main horizontal axis.
In order when a thread breaks to stop the winding of this thread, and
those which are being doubled with it, without interfering with any other
part of the machine the thread as it is drawn from the cop or bobbin,
and before it reaches the guide on the head of the vertical rotating axis
of the cop or bobbin holder, passes beneath a finger carried upon a wire 8
or rod, which is able to slide in guides formed for it in the rotating cop
or bobbin holder. So long as the thread is entire it supports the finger,
but when the thread breaks the finger with the wire or rod to which it
is attached falls by its own weight, and then immediately the rotation of
the holder carries it into contact with a lever having a fixed fulcrum. 3
The lever is thus caused to move about its fulcrum, and in so doing it
moves two other lovers, one of which lifts up the vertical axis of the cop

page_text: "
or bobbin holder, so that the bevilled pinion upon it is taken out of gear
with the wheel which drives it, and the other lever similarly lifts the
worm wheel, which actuates the receiving bobbin until it no longer
gears with the worm by which it is driven. Thus the winding of-the
broken thread, and the other threads which are being doubled with it, is
at once stopped until the breakage is repaired, whilst the other parts of
the machine continue to run.
And in order that our said Invention may be fully understood we
shall now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that
2. purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of
Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts
in all the corresponding Figures.
In our Drawings, side elevation A and B are the front and back views
of our improved machine for the purpose of "Doubling, Twisting, and
5 Winding Silk, Cotton, and other Threads, as well from the Cops as from
the Bobbins with a Stop Motion, and without Spindles, Bands, or Flyers."
The end elevations are shown corresponding to the views A and B.
The parts of the machine are as follows:-Those marked a, a, form
the standard or frame to support the working and moving mechanism;
ob, b, are the holders mounted on vertical axes, which are fixed pins or
pivots for the cops or bobbins to revolve upon. In the Drawings only
bobbins c, c, are shown, but it must be clearly understood that cops may
be used either in conjunction with bobbins or without them. The
holders revolve by having at their lower ends bevilled pinions, which
gear with corresponding wheels g, g, mounted on an horizontal axis i, i,
-running the whole length of the machine.
5
The threads pass from the several cops or bobbins c, c, on each holder
through guides, k, on the head of the axis of the holder, and over or
through guides, or only over a support as a horizontal rod 2, 2, as shown.
The receiving bobbins e, e, are driven by pulleys, on which they rest,
ff, which are placed on a horizontal axis running the whole length of
the machine, and driven by a worm wheel and worm connected by
toothed gear with the driving power, and so the receiving bobbin is
caused to wind the thread and draw it from the cops or bobbins, the
5 twist being given by the thread passing through holes in the guides
placed upon each holder, and shown in detail by C. Thus the individual
_single threads are twisted one upon another, and form a doubled thread,

page_text: that is, a thread composed of several twisted or doubled together; the
twist for a given length of the thread, that is, the number of times tho
individual or single threads are wound together is regulated solely by
the comparative velocity of the receiving bobbins, and the cop or bobbin
holders. The receiving bobbins draw or wind the thread at a constant
velocity for every speed of the machine, for being driven by frictional
contact by the pulleys f,f¹, they revolve slower as they become larger,
because the actual motion of the surfaces of the bobbin and pulley in
contact is the same.
:
In order to obtain the required friction to revolve the receiving
bobbins a weight or pressure is placed upon each by means of the
balance d, d, shown in detail. This balance being connected to the
bobbin holder when moved towards the centre of the machine lifts
the bobbin from being in connection with the driving pulleys, and thus
the working of the thread is stopped.
The guide, from which the threads pass to the receiving bobbin, is
caused to traverse to and fro along the bobbin to distribute the thread
upon it. This motion is obtained by having the guides connected with
a lever, which is also coupled by a link with a pin fixed eccentrically, or
out of the centre in the face of a worm wheel, which is slowly rotated
by a worm on the main horizontal axis; or it may receive the recipro-
cating motion to and fro by any other arrangement or modification of the
crank and connecting rod.
The arrangement for distributing the thread upon the receiving bobbin
is not shown upon the Drawing..
The stop motion is as described before the fulcrum for the lever being
placed in any convenient position. o, o, are the fingers supported by the
thread, and which fall on the thread breaking, thus stopping the winding
of the other threads on the same holder, as described before.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect, we would
observe in conclusion that we do not claim any of the mechanical parts
separately, but what we consider to be novel and original and therefore
claim as our Invention secured to us by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,-

page_text: Firstly. The combination and arrangement of machinery for doubling,
twisting, and winding silk, cotton, and other threads, as well. from the
cop as from the bobbin, substantially as described.
:
Secondly. The arrangement of stop motion, substantially as described..
In witness whereof, we, the said David Loewenstein and Samuel
Ward, have to this our Specification set our hands and seals,
this Third day of July, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.