Improvement in Electric Aro Lamps.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Oct., 1894-Accented, 11th May, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Electric Aro Lamps.
I, JOHN EDWARD WOOLVERTON, of 1671 Third Avenue, City County and
State of New York, U.S.A. Jeweller, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and. ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The present improvements are made with reference to feeding the carbon with
uniformity towards each other by gravity, such carbons coming together in the
form of an inverted pyramid, there being two pairs of carbons, or one pair of
carbons connected together and a single carbon; and one pair of carbons'or one
carbon receives a motion 'from' an electro-magnet 'so as to draw the are. By this
arrangement there is no shadow cast below the lamp as usual in arc lamps, because
the light is at the apex of the inverted pyramid.
In the drawing,
Fig. 1 is a plan of a four carbon lamp.
Fig. 2 is a similar view of a three carbon' lamp.
Fig. 3 is an elevation showing two carbons.
"
Fig. 4 is a cross section through the frame and dash-pot.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the circuit connections.
Fig. 6 is an elevation of a modification!
"
Fig. 7 is an elevation at right angles to Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a plan view.
Fig. 9 is a diagram of the circuits with the four carbons in the circuit.
The carbon holders KK aud EE are usually tubular and slotted longitudinally
and receive within them the sockets e which are connected by links F to the
T-head G, which is provided with a tube G'sliding on a fixed rod H, by which
means the carbons are made to feed with uniformity, and the carbon holders EE
are held at their upper ends by the arch frame D that is insulated from the arms A"
that extend out from the base or plate A which is suspended by a frame or yoke B,
and the actuating parts are advantageously enclosed in a box.illustrated by dotted
lines in Fig. 4.
Where four carbons are used the carbon holders K K' and their arch frame D
are supported by a frame L with pivots 4' upon the base plate 'A', so that such
carbon holders and carbons can be swung towards and from the carbon holders E E!
to regulate the arc.
'1
!
Where a three carbon holder is used; as shown at 'k' Fig 2the same is upon an
area L' pivotted at 5 to the frame A-and preferably fitted with a stop 3 (Fig. 4)
at the lower end' so as to prevent the carbons sliding out by gravity.
T
The main magnet M is in the circuit between the binding post 6 and the carbons,
and the helix N is in a shunt, 6 being the + binding post and 7 the
'binding
post, and in Figs. 2 and 5, I have represented a cut out S, the helix of which is in
the main circuit, and the armature 12 is adapted to make and break the 'shout
circuit containing the magnet N, such cut out acting to close the circuit to the
shunt magnet N whenever the electro maguet of such cut out S is sufficiently
energized.
1
i
:
The cores O and O! of the shunt and main line helices are connected' with a
lever P upon a fulcrum 8 and the dash pot Q has a rod 9 connecting one end of
the lever P to the piston of the dash pot, so as to prevent the parts moving too
rapidly under changes in the electromotive force, and there is a lever R pivotted

page_text: at 10 and receiving its motion at one end from the core and giving motion at the
other end by the link 11 to the frame L or L' to draw the electric arc.
With this arrangement according to the variation of the electromotive force the
cores or solenoids 001 rise and fall thereby imparting motion toithe lever R and
causing the frame L, or arm L' carrying the movable carbuns or carbon to swing
on the pivots 4 or 5 as the case may be and move nearer to or farther away from
the fixed carbons thereby drawing the electric are.
The carbons are caused to feed uniformly under the action of gravity by means
of the link motion.e, F, G.
The modifications of this lamp represented in Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9 are in the
arrangement of the main and shunt magnets and their levers. In these figures the
base plate A is provided with two side plates L and L' hinged to the same at 4,
and the cores of the main and shunt magnets are made-double, the cores of the
main magnet M, acting through the bent levers Pl upon the bars T that are held
by the supports 13 upon the respective plates L, L' and at the other ends of these
bars T the divided cores O! of the shunt magnet N act through the agency of the
links S' and the bent levers S pivotted at 14, so that by the joint action of the
main and shunt magnets the plates L and L' are swung upon their hinges to move.
the carbons and carbon holders and draw the electric arc.
In Fig. 7, cross bars or lazy tongs are represented at G³ with links to the
respective carbon bolders, these serving the same purpose as the T-head Gand
tube G¹ sliding on the rod H, Figs. 1, 2 and 3 namely to feed the two carbons in
each pair of carbons uniformly by gravity as they are consumed at their lower
euds, and the arc is drawn in proportion to the current passing through the
respective main and shunt magnets, so as to obtain uniformity in the light, and
under all circumstances the carbons feed together at an apex similar to an inverted
pyramid, and the carbon holders do not cast a shadow downwardly, and for this
reason this lamp is better adapted to use, especially in buildings, because there are
no carbon holders or carbons below the light; and the feed being by gravity, there
are no gears or similar devices for regulating the feed of the carbous downwardly
or towards one another, as have heretofore been made use of in lamps where the
supports for the carbons extend upwardly.
In Fig. 7, a glass Fis represented as hung by its upper edge from the under
side of the supporting plate or base, the glass being continuous from side to side,
and this glass may be made to exclude the atmosphere to a greater or less extent
as desired, and where made substantially air-tight the consumption of the carbons
will be less rapid, in consequence of excluding the oxygen of the atmosphere.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
consider novel and desire to claim is :-
First. In an electric arc lamp, the electro-magnet helix M in the main circuit,
and the electro-magnet helix N in the shunt circuit, in combination with the
respective cores O and 0; the lever P with which such cores are connected, the
dash-pot and the connection from its piston to the lever P, the carbon holders
converging to the apex of an inverted pyramid, the hinge connection for the moving
carbon holder, a lever receiving its motion from the core of the main electro-magnet,
and an adjustable connection therefrom to the hinged support for the movable
carbon holder, substantially as set forth.
Second. The combination in an electric arc lamp, of two fixed converging tubula
carbon holders slotted longitudinally throughout their length, carbon receiving
sockets movable longitudinally in the holders, an arch frame and guide-bar rigidly
supported and connected with the carbon holders, a tube sliding on the guide-bar
and having a T-head and hinged links extending from the T-head to the sockets,
substantially as set forth..
Third. The combination in an electric arc lamp, of two fixed converging tubular
carbon holders slotted longitudinally throughout their length, carbon receiving

page_text: sockets movable longitudinally in the holders; an arch frame and guide-bar rigidly
supported and connected with the carbon holders, a tube sliding on the guide-bar
and having a T-head, hinged links extending from the T-head to the sockets, a
hinged plate and. carbon holding tube therewith connected, a stop finger at the
lower end of the tube, and an electro-magnet acting upon the hinged plate to draw
the arc substantially as set forth..
Fourth: The combination in an electric arc lamp, of a base plate having arms
projecting on one side thereof and a suspending frame above the base plate, an-arch
frame permanently connected to the arms but insulated therefrom, tubular carbon
holders slotted longitudinally and converging at their lower ends, a guide-bar
connected with the arch frame and with the carbon holders, a tube sliding upon the
guide-bar and having a T-head, sliding sockets for the carbons within the carbon
holders, hinged links connecting the T-head of the tube and the sockets for
ensuring unilormity in the feed of the carbons, a frame hinged to the base plate,
and a carbon holder carried thereby, an electro-magnet in the main circuit, a
sliding core and a lever engaging therewith and a connection therefrom to the
hinged frame for drawing the arc, a shunt magnet and its core, a lever connection
between the said core and the core of the main line magnet for regulating the
length of the electric arc, and a dash-pot and a connection. from the piston thereof
to the lever for regulating the rapidity of movement of the parts, substantially as
set forth.
Fifth. The combination in an electric arc lamp, of a base plate having arms
projecting at one side thereof and a suspending frame above the base plate, an arch
frame permanently connected to the arms but insulated therefrom, tubular carbon
holders slotted longitudinally and converging at their lower ends, a guide-bar
connected with the arch frame and with the carbon holders, a tube sliding upon the
guide-bar and having a T-head, sliding sockets for the carbons within the carbon
holders, hinged. links connecting the T-head of the tube and the sockets for
ensuring uniformity in the feed of the carbons, a frame hinged to the base plate,
and a carbon holder carried thereby, an electro-magnet in the main circuit a sliding
core and a lever engaging therewith and a connection therefrom to the hinged
frame for drawing the arc, a shunt magnet and its core, a lever connection between
the said core and the core of the main line magnet for regulating the length of the
electric arc, a dash-pot and a connection from the piston thereof to the lever for
regulating the rapidity of movement of the parts, a cut-out magnet, the helix of
which is in the main circuit, and the shunt magnet circuit passing through the
armature and contact of said cut-out magnet, substantially as set forth.
Sixth. Rigid tubular carbon holders converging, in combination with sliding
sockets within the tubular carbon holders for the reception of carbons or electrodes,
lazy tongs connections substantially as specified for causing a uniform feed of the
two carbons as consumed, a second pair of carbon holders, sockets and lazy tongs
mechanism, and means for moving one pair of carbon holders in relation to the
other pair of carbon holders for forming the electric arc, substantially as
forth:
set
Seventh. The combination with a supporting plate, of a central plate and two
Bide plates and hinges for connecting the side plates to the central plate, carbon
holders in pairs permanently connected to the respective side plates, means for
feeding the carbons uniformly into contact with each other in each pair, an electro-
magnet and connections therefrom for swinging one or both of the plates on their
hinges to move one pair of electrodes away from the other pair of electrodes in
forming the arc, substantially as set forth.
Eighth. The combination with a pair of converging carbon holders and means
for feeding the carbons uniformly into contact with each other, of a second pair of
carbon holders, means for feeding the carbons uniformly into contact with each
other, a plate to which one pair of carbon holders is connected, hinges upon which
the plate can be moved, an electro-magnet in the main circuit, a connection there-
from for moving the plate and drawing the electric arc, a second electro-magnet in

page_text: a shunt between the supply wires, and lever connections therefrom acting in the
opposite direction to the connections from the magnet in the main circuit for
regulating the electric, arc, substantially as set forth...
Ninth. The combination with a pair of converging, carbon holders and means for
feeding the carbons uniformly into contact with each other, of a second pair of
carbon holders, means for feeding the carbons uniformly into contact with each
other, a plate to which one pair of carbon holders is connected, hinges upon which
the plate can be moved, an electro-magnet in the main circuit, a connection there-
from for moving the plate and drawing the electric arc, an adjustable stop for
regulating the extent of motion of the plate, a second electro-magnet in a shunt
between the supply wires, and lever connections therefrom acting in the opposite
direction to the connections from the magnet in the main circuit for regulating the
electric are, substantially as set forth.
Tenth. The combination in an electric lamp, of one pair of carbon holders and
means for feeding the carbons with uniformity, and into contact with each other,
the second set of converging carbon holders and means for feeding the carbons
into contact with each other and uniformly, supports to which the respective pairs:
of carbon holders are permanently connected, and hinges upon which one of the
carbon holders can be swung, a main electro-magnet and a shunt electro-magnet,
and lever connections to the respective electro-magnets and acting in the opposite:
direction for moving the electrodes and regulating the electric arc, substantially as
set forth.
Eleventh. The combination in an electric lamp, of one pair of carbon holders
and means for feeding the carbons with uniformity, and into contact with each
other, the second set of converging carbon holders and means for feeding the
carbons into contact with each other and uniformly, plates to which the 'respective
pairs of carbon holders are permanently connected, a supporting plate and hinges
upon which the carbon holders and their plates can be swung, a main electro-magnet
and a shunt electro-magnet, and lever connections to the respective electro-magnets
and acting in the opposite direction for moving the respective pairs of electrodes and
regulating the electric arc, substantially as set fortli.
Dated this 8th day of October 1894.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.