Improvements in or relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Dec., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 15th Sept., 1897-Accepted, 15th Dec., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
We MORLAND MICHOLI. DESSAU of The Grot, The Green, Ealing in the County
of Middlesex, Manufacturer, and CLAUDE VAUTIN of 28 Basinghall Street, in the
County of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows;-
This invention relates to pneumatic tyres and comprises means by which the
cover or tyre is held on to the rim. We will describe the invention as applied
to a tyre of ordinary construction with a separate air tube or cover.
A rim of some ordinary section, say for example a simple channel of an
approximately semi-circular cross section may be employed and in this I place a
free or floating band which may be constructed in various ways; for example it
may be made of a strip of thin steel or other metal with semi-circular or other
recesses formed alternately in its opposite edges, or it may be made of a wire in
a zig-zag or curved form so as to provide the recesses or spaces alternately at
opposite sides or edges.
The cover which may be made of canvas and rubber, fabric or other suitable
materials is provided at its edges with suitable attaching devices adapted to
engage or hook to the previously mentioned recesses or equivalent of the band.
A suitable form of fastening would be to provide rubber balls, preferably hollow,
with an annular groove in them and cut these in two in a plane perpendicular
to that of the groove so that half the groove would be in cach of the halves of
the divided ball; each half would form one attachment of the cover.
Other devices may be used to connect the cover with the band and if preferred
hooks or equivalent may be formed upon the band adapted to engage with either
equivalent upon the cover.
One or more stops may be provided to prevent the band, which may be other-
wise loose in the rim, from rotating therein. Or the previously mentioned semi-
spherical fastenings may be used for this purpose. Or again the band may hy
the act of inflation he forced against the rim so as to secure the necessary hold.
The hand may be made of a simple zig-zag wire curved or with sharp angles
or returns, or two crossed wires may be used, or the band otherwise arranged so
that the connections with the cover may lie opposite each other instead of alter-
nately. Or the band may be formed of a series of jointed links or toggles, which
would operate substantially in the manner already described and the joints of
the toggles or bends or angles of the wire may be formed with recesses or loops
to receive headed studs or equivalent on the edges of the cover.
If desired the canvas may be shaped to correspond with the attachment device
and a portion of the latter even when the previously described or similar rubber
balls or parts are used may have metal fastenings or parts.
The wires or bands may be covered or protected by canvas rubber or other
suitable material.
Dated this 15th day of December 1896.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
We, MORLAND MICHOLL DESSAU, of The Grot, The Green, Ealing, in the County
of Middlesex, Manufacturer, and CLAUDE VAUTIN, of 28 Basinghall Street, in the
County of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to pneumatic tyres and comprises means by which the
cover or tyre is held on to the rim, we will describe the invention as applied to a
tyre of ordinary construction with a separate air tube or cover.
A rim of some ordinary section, say for example, a simple channel of an
approximately semi-circular cross section may be employed and in this we place
a free or floating band which may be constructed in various ways; for example
it may be made of a strip of thin steel or other metal with semi-circular or other
recesses formed alternately in its opposite edges, or it may be made of a wire in a
zig-zag or curved form so as to provide the recesses or spaces alternately at
opposite sides or edges.
The cover which may be made of canvas and rubber fabric or other suitable
materials is provided at its edges with suitable attaching devices adapted to
engage or hook to the previously mentioned recesses or equivalent of the band.
A suitable form of fastening would be to provide rubber balls, preferably hollow
with an annular groove in them and cut these in two in a plane perpendicular
to that of the groove so that half the groove would be in each of the halves of
the divided ball; each half would form one attachment of the cover.
Other devices may be used to connect the cover with the band and if preferred
hooks or equivalents may be formed upon the band adapted to engage with
either equivalent upon the cover.
One or more stops may be provided to prevent the band, which may be other-
wise loose in the rim, from rotating therein. Or the previously mentioned semi-
spherical fastenings may be used for this purpose. Or again the band may by
the act of inflation be forced against the rim so as to secure the necessary hold.
The band may be made of a simple zig-zag wire curved or with sharp angles
or returns, or two crossed wires may be used, or the band otherwise arranged
so that the connections with the cover may lie opposite each other instead of
alternately. Or the band may be formed of a series of jointed links or toggles,
which would operate substantially in the manner already described and the joints
of the toggles or bends or angles of the wire may be formed with recesses or loops.
16 receive headed studs or equivalent on the edges of the cover.
If desired the canvas may be shaped to correspond with the attachment device
and a portion of the latter even when the previously described or similar rubber
balls or parts are used may have metal fastenings or parts.
The wires or bands may be covered or protected by canvas rubber or other
suitable material.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a transverse section of the improved tyre:
Figure 2 is a section through the tyre on the line 2-2 of Figure 1 the rim being
shown in plan.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a transverse section of a modification.
Figure 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Figure 4 of the rim as in Figure 2,
being shown in plan.

page_text: Figure 6 is a perspective view partly in section of a portion of a further
modification.
Figure 7 is a sectional plan of a part of the same on the line. 7-7 of Figure-6.
Figure 8 is a side elevation of a complete tyre constructed in accordance with
this modification, the rim being shown in section.
Figure 9 is a plan of yet another modification, the rim being removed.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
Upon the edges A of the tyre cover are attached half buttons B, thickened or
pressed pieces or hooks preferably constructed of rubber and hollow with
grooves B at their edges. The buttons are formed with the grooves as complete
dises and each divided on the centre line in a plane at right angles to that of tho
groove. These buttons or pieces are arranged alternately on the edges of the
cover so as to break-joint when the two edges are brought together in the manner
shown in Figure 2. A wire C bent to a zig-zag shape is caused to engage with
the grooves B in the half buttons B attached to one edge of the cover, the opposite
curves of the wires being then sprung into the grooves in the half buttons on the
other edge of the cover. The rim D preferably of channel shape as shown in
Figure 1.
The wire C may be replaced by a metal or other band; the material or materials
employed in the construction of the floating band in either case being varied as
found convenient.
In the modification shown in Figures 4 and 5, the buttons B are not cut in
half, but are attached to the edges of the cover in such manner that half of each
button projects so that when the edges of the cover are brought together, the pro-
jecting parts of the buttons form a support for that portion of the opposite edge
of the cover, which lies between the two adjacent buttons carried by that edge.
Two wires Care here employed, crossing each other and engaging alternately
with the grooves in the buttons on either edge of the cover. The air tube E lies
within the cover and rests on the inner side against the edges og the latter.
It will be clearly understood that in the above described devices when the tyre.
is inflated the tendency of the edges carrying the buttons or other devices with
which the floating band engages is to cause the latter to contract in lengt and
so draw the edges of the cover into the rim.
Where the zig-zag wire or hand is required to be forced against the rim so as
to secure the necessary hold, the tyre may be constructed as shown in Figures 6,
7 and 8. Here the grooved buttons hooks or the like are conveniently made as
grooved rings cut in half, and are much fewer in number, only about two being
required to be attached to each edge of the cover, their relative positions being
as shown in Figure 8. Two retaining wires C are here employed being carried
in pockets A' in the edges of the tyre cover. These pockets are cut away at the
points in one edge of the cover which come opposite to the groove rings B
attached to the other edge, the wires C being drawn out at these points and sprung
into the grooves of the rings.
Within the pockets A' on the edge of the cover and at suitable distances apart
are placed lengths of metal tube F forming shields to protect the pockets through
which the wires C pass. These pieces of metal tube are firmly held against
longitudinal movement by the canvas or other material forming the pocket which
fits tightly around them or they may be fastened by other suitable means. Each
wire C is not formed as a complete ring but is cut at some point between two of
the pieces of tube F, the two ends C of the wire being enlarged or formed with
heads to prevent their drawing through the tubes. The tubes are also arranged
so as to strengthen the pockets A' at the points where they are cut away in order
to allow of the wires C coming out and passing round the grooved rings B. The
action of the arrangement is as follows:
After placing the tyre on the rim the loops of the wires C are sprung into the
grooves B of the rings B when upon inflation the wires C will be drawn slightly
within the pockets in the edge of the cover, as the latter tend to draw away from.

page_text: each other, this shortening of the wires causing a pull of the ends of each wire on
the lenghts of the tube against which the ends C bear, the result being a
reduction in the diameter of the ring formed by the wires C and consequently a
gripping of the wire by the edges of the tyre cover. If desired the tubes F may
extend completely round the edges of the cover except at those points where the
wires emerge from the pockets to pass round the grooved rings is and where the
ends of the wires are located. The shields or protectors F may be in the form of
tubes divided longitudinally or pieces of metal shaped otherwise as found
convenient.
One edge of the cover preferably carries a canvas or other flap A2 which covers
over the edges of the tyre cover and forms a smooth surface against which the
tube may lie.
If desired the grooved rings B B may be dispensed with a loop of one or both
wires being passed over the valve or a suitably constructed valve plate on the
valve or valve plate may serve instead of one of the grooved rings above described.
In the construction illustrated in Figure 9 the retaining wire C which is of
zig-zag form, as in the construction shown in Figures 1 to 5 is constructed with
projecting hooks C which engage with holes or eyelets A3 formed in each edge A
of the cover. The zig-zag wire lies within the edges of the cover between them
and the flap A, the hooks projecting into the rim. In place of the hooks C
which as shown in the drawings are formed from the wire C suitable hooks may
he, brazes or otherwise attached to the wire or floating land, or underent pieces
of the metal or other suitable material may be arranged instead of the hooks,
the edges of the cover in this case being thickened and shaped so as to engage
with these undercut pieces the operation in each case being the same as before
described in connection with Figures 1, 2 and 5 namely the contraction of the
floating band by reason of the lateral pull by the edges of the cover which are
alternately secured to it.
I wish it to be understood that I am aware that it has before now been proposed
to lace together the edges of a tyre cover but the methods previously used do not
produce results which I obtain with my hand as the pull where laces are employed
is liable to be irregular and unbalanced whereas with my band the pulling points
are at fixed places and the tension on each side of the cover is equal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:
1. The employment of a hand such as C substantially as and for the purpose
described.
2. In a pneumatic tyre the combination with a cover of a band of wire or strip
metal alapted to engage with the edges of the cover substantially as described.
3. As a means of securing a pneumatic tyre in the wheel rim the combination
with the cover of a zig-zag or equivalent fand to which the edges of the enver
are alternately secured substantially as described.
4. As a means of securing a pneumatic tyre in the wheel rim the combination
with the cover of a zig-zag or equivalent band to which the edges of the cover are
alternately secured so that as they pull against each other they contract the hand
apon the rim sultantially as described.
5. In a pneumatic tyre the combination with a cover of grooved buttons or
rings such as B 13 attached to the edges of the cover and one or more bent wires
or strips of metal forming a free or floating and adapted to engage with the
grooves in the buttons substantially as described.
6. In a pneumatic tyre the combination with a cover of grooved butions or
rings such as B B arranged alternately on the opposite edges of the cover and a
hent wire such as C engaging with the grooves in the buttons substantially as
described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 or Figures 4 and 5 of the accont-
panying drawings.

page_text: 7. In a pneumatic tyre the combination with a cover having pockets at its edges
and wires such as C therein of shields or protectors such as F substantially as and
for the purpose described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
8. In a pneumatic tyre the combination with a cover of pockets in the edges
of the cover carrying tubes such as F and in these tubes wires C with headed
eads C substantially as and for the purpose described.
9. In a pneumatic tyre the combination with a cover of grooved buttons or
rings such as B B upon and wires C C within and emerging from pockets in the
edges of the cover to engage with the grooves in the buttons substantially as
described.
10. In a pneumatic tyre the combination with a cover of wires such as C in
pockets at its edges and extending therefrom to form loops around the valvo sub-
stantially as and for the purpose described.
11. The complete pneumatic tyre substantially as described and illustrated in
Figures 6, 7 and 8 of the accompanying drawings.
12. In a pneumatic tyre the combination with a cover of a floating band having
hooks to engage with eyelets in the edges of the cover substantially as described
and illustrated in Figure 9 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated thi 1511 1 of Cont 1907
MORLAND M. DESSAU.
Boult & Wade
Agents for the Applicants.
MORLAND M. DESSAU.
Boult & Wade
Agents for the Applicants.