improvements in Oil Lamps and Stoves.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 1st June, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 26th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 28th Dec., 1895
improvements in Oil Lamps and Stoves.
I, EDMUND FORD HULSE of 203 Padgate Lane, Warrington in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to oil lamps and stoves its objects being to reduce risks of
explosion, to ensure greater convenience in use, and to increase their efficiency.
To
In the reservoir of the lamp or stove, there is generally a hole left for the
admission of air through the plug or stopper or elsewhere, through which it is
possible for the oil to be spilt or splashed when the lamp or stove is moved.
obviate this, I cover the hole with one or more layers of fine metallic gauze, or
other equivalent material.
In lamps and stoves in which there is or are either or both a wick carrier and a
wick casing, I form in the bottom of the reservoir a caisson or still-well, the walls
of which surround the entrance to the wick carrier or wick casing and so prevent
the conveyance to the wick of waves or eddies in the oil, caused by the motion of
the lamp or stove when carried, and also prevents access of dirt to the wick.
To diminish the convection of heat from the flame to the oil in the reservoir,
I form the upper part of the wick carrier or wick casing of brass and the lower
part of zinc.
When the wick carrier is divided longitudinally into two parts, one sliding
within the other, for the convenience of inserting the wick, one of the parts is
provided with a rack or its equivalent to enable the wick carrier to be raised and
lowered. In this case, I prefer to form the rack along one edge of the wick carrier,
and to prevent the part on which the rack is formed from being raised or lowered
independently of the other, I provide one or both the parts with stops catches or
the like.
If the lifting and lowering racks be formed upon the edges of the wick carriers,
I prefer, in the case of duplex burners, to bring out the pinion spindles on opposite
sides of the burner, so that there can be no mistake in regulating the wicks, the
wick on either.side being regulated by the spindle and knob on that side of the
buruer.
In the case of hanging lamps, to facilitate the turning up and down of the wicks,
I may gear the wick spindle or wick spindles by means of mitre wheels or other-
wise, with a vertical spindle or spindles which may pass downwards through the
oil reservoir inside a tube provided for the purpose. The lower end of the vertical
spindle or of each spindle below the reservoir, is provided with a knob or handle
by means of which it may be rotated for regulating the height of the wick.
Dated this 21st d...
M
A D 1005

page_text: Improvements in Oil Lamps and Stoves.
1, EDMUND FORD HULSE of 203 Padgate Lane Warrington in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to oil lamps and stoves, its objects being to reduce risks
of explosions to ensure greater safety in use, and to increase their efficiency.
In the reservoir of the lamp or stove, there is generally a hole for the admission
of air through the filling cap stopper or plug, or elsewhere, through which it is
possible for the oil to be spilt or splashed when the lamp or stove is moved. To
obviate this, I cover the hole with one or more layers of fine metallic gauze or
other equivalent material.
In lamps and stoves in which there is or are either or both a wick carrier and a
wick casing, I form in the bottom of the reservoir a caisson or still-well, the walls
of which surround the entrance to the wick carrier or wick casing, and so prevent
the conveyance to the wick of waves or eddies in the oil, caused by the motion of
the lamp or stove when carried, and the access thereto of dirt and foreign matters.
To diminish the convection of heat from the flame to the oil in the reservoir,
I form the upper part of the wick carrier or of the wick casing or both, of brass,
and the lower part of zinc.
When the wick carrier is divided longitudinally into two parts, one fitting within
the other, for the convenience of inserting the wick, one of the parts is provided
with a rack or its equivalent, to enable the wick carrier to be raised and lowered.
In this case, I prefer to form the rack along one edge of the wick carrier, and to
prevent the part on which the rack is formed from being raised or lowered
independently of the other part, I cause them to fit tightly together or provide one
or both the parts with stops catches or the like.
If the lifting and lowering racks be formed upon the edges of the wick carriers,
as I prefer, especially in the case of duplex lamps, I may bring out the pinion
spindles on opposite sides of the burner so that there can be no mistake in regulating
the wicks, the wick on either side being regulated by the spindle and knob on that
side of the burner.
In the case of hanging lamps, and to facilitate the turning up and down of the
wicks, I may gear the pinion spindles by means of mitre wheels worm gear or
otherwise with a vertical spindle or spindles which may pass downwards through
the oil reservoir inside a tube provided for the purpose. The lower end of the
vertical spindle or of each spindle below the reservoir, provided with a knob or
handle by means of which it may be rotated for regulating the height of the wick.
The accompanying drawings illustrate a lamp constructed to embody my
improvements and will be hereinafter described.
Figure 1 represents a vertical section.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section along the line -y Figure 1.
Figure 3 shews a horizontal section across one of the wick carriers.
A is the oil reservoir, B is the caissou or well, C is the cap of the filling hole,
D is the wick casing fixed in the burner plate E and provided at the bottom with
an orifice d' through which the oil can enter. F indicates teeth formed upon one
edge of each wick carrier G, these teeth being engaged with the teeth of the
pinions F¹.
G' is a block or stop at the bottom of the wick carrier, constructed to
close the orifice d¹ when the wick is turned down, and thus to cut off the further
supply of oil.
The lamp illustrated by Figures 1 and 2 is of the duplex type, but my

page_text: improvements may equally and similarly be applied to a single wick lamp or to an
oil stove.
The filling hole in the reservoir is closed by a cap C in which there is a small
air hole e such as is commonly used for the admission of air to replace the
consumed oil and to prevent accumulation of pressure. Within the cap I arrange
a layer or more than one layer c² of metallic gauze or like porous material. Across
the centre of the cap below the gauze there may be fixed the cross strip c¹¹ shewn
in inverted plau in Figure 4. It is found convenient in practice to secure the
gauze in place by means of a metallic disc d through the centre of which a hole,
larger than the hole c may be formed. The inetallic strip prevents direct
splashing of the oil upon the gauze, which being of very fine texture, prevents any
possibility of the escape of oil, whilst it freely admits the air to replace the
consumed oil.
The well or caisson B is more particularly useful for lamps and stoves which
have to be moved whilst in use, but is also useful in lamps and stoves of all kinds.
Its objects are to prevent access to the wick of dirt, water or other foreign matters,
and of the waves or eddies set up when the lamp or stove is moved. It is best
constructed with an open top and surrounding the whole of the lower part of the
wick casing or wick carrier." When more than one wick is employed the same well
may surround the lower ends of all the wicks, or there may be a separate well for
each wick. The height of the upper edge of the well may be about half an inch
above the lower edge of the wick casing or carrier. The well may be constructed
through and below the bottom of the reservoir instead of above it.
The prevention to a large extent, of the conduction of heat from the flame to the
interior of the reservoir by the wick casing or wick carrier may be effected by
constructing the upper part of the wick carrier and of the wick casing respectively
of brass and the lower part of zinc. The joint of junction between the two metals,
may conveniently be at or just below or above the burner plate E, preferably just
below.
It is preferred to provide for the raising and lowering of the wicks by means of
a rack formed or fixed along one edge of each wick carrier and a pinion gearing
with each rack. When two wicks are employed as in duplex lamps, one pinion
may be mounted upon a solid spindle and the other upon a hollow spindle through
which the solid spindle passed, but I prefer to employ the construction and
arrangement illustrated by Figure 2. Two independent pinions F¹ are mounted on
independent spindles in line with each other, heads being fitted to the outer ends of
the spindles in the usual manner, the two heads being thus on opposite sides of the
burner. With this arrangement the wicks are respectively regulated by the
rotation of the spindle head nearer to it and no doubt can arise as to which spindle
should be turned. The pinions engage with the racks through openings formed in
the wick casing D when the casing is used. In the longitudinally divided wick.
carriers, the rack is cut or formed upon the edge of the larger or outer part, as
indicated by Figure 3.
For regulating the wicks of hanging lamps, I may fix upon each spindle F" a
mitre or worm wheel W with which gears another mitre wheel w or a screw, as the
case may be, fixed on the upper end of a vertical spindles which passes down
through a tube S formed or secured through the reservoir as near to the centre of
the lamp as possible. In Figure 2 two methods of and means for regulating the
wicks are illustrated but it will be understood that they are intended generally to
be used separately.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In an oil lamp or stove, a layer or layers of metallic gauze or equivalent
porous material arranged to cover the air hole, substantially as and for the purpose

page_text: 2. In an oil lamp or stove a still-well or sumph constructed to surround the lower
part of the wick casing substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described
and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
3. In duplex oil lamps or stoves the combination and arrangement with wick
carriers having racks on their edges of pinions gearing with the racks and arranged
upon co-axial spindles, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described
and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
4. In suspended oil lamps or stoves, a vertical spindle arranged within a vertical
tube through the reservoir and geared at its upper end with the wick pinion spindle
and having at its lower end below the reservoir a head or means whereby the spindle
may be rotated, substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and as
illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 25th day of November A.D. 1895.
W. E. HEYS & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.