p
Year: 1895

page_text: An Improvou p
I, GEORGE GATTON MELHUISH HARDINGHAM, of 191, Fleet Street, in tho
City of London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved construction of pump, specially adapted for
use as a bilge-pump in sailing boats, particularly those of the smaller classes.
In centre-board sailing boats, especially those constructed with considerablo
rocker of keel, the centre-board casing practically divides the bottom, where the
bilge water collects, into two compartments; the water being unable to drain from
one side to the other (unless it has accumulated to such an extent as to flow round
the end of the centre-board casing). In fixed keel boats, in which there is no
impediment to the flow of the bilge water from one side to the other, as the boat
heels, the bilge water does not remain in the centre of the bottom; and a suction
inlet placed there may be quite useless when the boat is "on" or "by" the wind.
In either of these cases, the employment of two suction pipes is desirable; the same
being placed one on either side of the centre-board casing, or at such points that
one of the suctions is, under all circumstances, capable of drawing. The arrange-
ment must, however, be of such a character that, when the water leaves one of the
suction inlets exposed, tho fact of air being drawn through that suction pipe does
not interfere with the pump drawing water through the other suction pipe for the
time being immersed.
A pump constructed according to this invention, and adapted for accomplishing
the objects above set forth, comprises a cylindor, arranged by preference
horizontally and capable of being. reciprocated by means of a pivoted lever. The
cylinder encloses a fixed piston which is mounted on two tubular piston-rods
extending in opposite directions through the cylinder-covers and each communicating
with a valve-box furnished with suction and delivery valves. An independent
suction pipe leads to each of the suction valve chambers, and a delivery pipe from
each of the delivery valve chambers. The two delivery pipes may connect with a
discharge pipe common to both.
The action of the apparatus is as follows. As the cylinder is moved in one
direction, water is drawn in past one of the suction valves, through the tubular
piston-rod on that side, and gains access to the interior of the cylinder through holes
formed in the hollow piston-rod close to its junction with the piston. Upon the
cylinder being moved in the opposite direction, the water is expelled through
the hollow piston-rod aud past the delivery valve at the same end. Meanwhile,
the reverse operations are being performed at the other end of the apparatus ;
Bo that, whilst water is being drawn into the cylinder on one side of the piston,
it is being expelled from the cylinder on the other sido of the piston.
It will thus be seen that the apparatus may be regarded as a combination of two
single-acting pumps, each provided with its own suction, and each independent of
the other; so that, although air may gain access to one of the suction pipes, the
capability of the pump to draw water by way of the other suction pipe is in no
way interfered with.
Dated the 1st day of March 1895.

page_text: An Improved Pump.
I, GEORGE GATTON MELHUISH HARDINGHAM, of 191, Fleet Street, in the
City of London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described art
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
.
This invention relates to an improved construction, of pump specially adapted
for use as a bilge-pump in sailing boats, particularly those of the smaller classes.
In centre-board sailing boats, especially those constructed with considerable
rocker of keel, the centre-board casing practically divides the bottom, where the
bilge water collects, into two compartments, the water being unable to drain from
one side to the other (unless it has accumulated to such an extent as to flow round
the end of the centre-board casing). In fixed keel boats, in which there is no
impediment to the flow of the bilge water from one side to the other, as the boat
heels, the bilge water does not remain in the centre of the bottom and a suction
inlet placed there may be quite useless when the boat is " on or "by "the wind.
In either of these cases, the employment of two suction pipes is desirable, the same
being placed one on either side of the centre-board casing, or at such points that
one of the suctions is, under all circumstances, capable of drawing. The arrange-
ment must, however, be of such a character that when the water leaves one of the
suction inlets exposed, the fact of air being drawn through that suction pipe does
not interfere with the pump drawing water through the other suction pipe, for the
time being immersed.
"
The accompanying drawings illustrate a pump adapted for accomplishing the
objects above set forth; Fig. 1 being a view partly in front elevation and partly
in longitudinal section, Fig. 2 an end elevation, Fig. 3 a plan with one valve
box shewn in horizontal section, and Fig. 4 a vertical cross section through the
valve-box.
The apparatus comprises a cylinder A arranged by preference horizontally and
capable of being reciprocated by means of a lever B pivoted on a pin C mounted
in the back plate D. The cylinder encloses a fixed piston E which is mounted on
two tubular piston-rods F F extending in opposite directions through the cylinder-
covers a a and each communicating with a valve-box G. In each valve-box is
arranged a suction valve H and a delivery valve I. An independent suction
pipe h, leads to each of the suction valve chambers and a delivery pipe i from each
of the delivery valve chambers. The two delivery pipes i i may connect with a
discharge pipe common to both.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-As the cylinder A, by means of the
hand-lever B, is moved in one direction, water is drawn in past one of the suction
valves H through the tubular piston-rod F on that side, and gains access to the
interior of the cylinder through holes formed in the hollow piston-rod close to
its junction with the piston E. Upon the cylinder being moved in the opposite
direction, the water is expelled through the hollow piston-rod and past the delivory
valve at the same eud. Meanwhile, the reverse operations are being performed
at the other end of the apparatus; so that, whilst water is being drawn into the
cylinder on one side of the piston, it is being expelled from the cylinder on the
other side of the piston.
It will thus be seen that the apparatus may be regarded as a combination of
two single-acting pumps, each provided with its own suction, and each independent
of the other; so that, although air may gain access to one of the auction pipes, the
capability of the pump to draw water by way of the other suction pipe is in no
way interfered with..

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim :-
1. The improved double-suction pump, constructed and operating substantially as
herein described.
2. The combination, with a reciprocating pump-cylinder, of a stationary piston,
two tubular piston-rods, attached to the said piston, extending in opposite directions
and communicating with the interior of the cylinder, and two valve-boxes, furnished
with suction and delivery valvos and respectively communicating with the interiors
of the piston-rods, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 6th day of December 1895.