Improvements in or connected with Churning Tubs.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 15th June, 1898-Accepted, 7th Jan., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Churning Tubs.
We, FELIX LENGOWSKI, of Pinne, and FRANZ KOMNICK, of Elbing, both in the
Empire of Germany, Machinery Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The watching of churning tubs during the churning process makes great
demands upon the trustworthiness of the dairy staff, owing to the liability of the
product becoming deteriorated by being churned too long, often entailing a
reduction in the price.
Owing to the necessity which exists with regard to economy, in connection
with the keeping of the necessary staff, the latter has to direct its activity and
attention to various places at the same time, so that it appears only human, if,
in spite of great attention, the production of butter suffers now and again, or,
to use the technical expression, "over-churning" takes place.
The object and effect of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which
prevents the so-called over-churning; and one which, without any watching
whatever during the churning process, produces a faultless product as far as the
latter depends upon, and is influenced by, the manipulation of same.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a vertical churn provided with our im-
provements; and Figures 2 and 3 are respectively side and end sectional eleva-
tions of details illustrating our invention.
a is a cylindrical vessel made of brass piping, into which the piston b with a
leather ring c, is inserted. The vessel a is fastened by means of screws, to the
flange d, which is connected with the tube e by means of hard solder.
At the upper end of the tube e there is a thread, on which a nut f is screwed.
g is an arm attached to the churning tub, and to which the whole appliance,
according to our invention, is fastened in the following manner.
The tube e is pushed through the boss g of the arm 9; and the nut f is firmly
screwed on it. First the ring h must, however, be pushed over the tube e, which
rim lies firmly against the arm g and flange d. If the nut f be screwed tight,
the apparatus becomes securely fixed.
The piston bis attached to the tube i by means of a screw; and the pipe i
receives the belt-fork operating rod v for shifting the driving belt of the churn
onto and off the first and loose belt pullies w; thus the connection is formed
between the belt-fork and the piston.
At the lower end of the cylindrical vessel a the bottom k is attached. The
latter carries two cocks and s; the cock s being an ordinary tap, which serves
for removing from the cylinder the water which gets into it when the apparatus
is set going.

page_text: The apparatus is worked either by means of water or by steam. If steam be
used, the cup-leather c of the piston should be replaced by a metal piston. The
cock has a "beak" to which a piece of flexible tubing is attached, and through
which the connection is formed with the steam or water.
The plug of cock carries the lever m; on which the sliding weight nis
adapted to run; this weight being fastened by means of a thumb-screw. On
the other side of the lever m, there is a slit, in which the rod o is hung.
To a bar on the rod o, the funnel shaped metal vessel is attached,
this vessel being open at top and bottom, and in which the wire gauzer is
fixed.
Through a hole in the cover of the churning tub, the rod o passes into the
interior of same, so that the vessel of sheet metal is disposed in the interior of the
churning tub. As soon as the piston reaches its highest position when the
apparatus is started, and the cylinder filled with fluid, the latch t drops (it being
movably attached to arm g) under the collar v¹ on the belt-fork rod, and holds
the fork up, as, if the piston leaked, it would drop, and the belt be moved onto
the fixed belt pulley of the tub.
The apparatus works as follows:-It is presumed that the cylindrical vessel a is
filled with water, the piston is at its highest point, and the churning tub thereby
not in gear. The churning tub now having being filled with cream, it is put
in gear in the following manner; The latch t is pushed back; cocks is opened,
whereby the cylinder is cleared of water; and the piston drops, and with it also
the belt fork which moves the belting from the loose pulley to the fixed pulley.
The "heaters" in the interior of the churning tub beat the cream so energeti-
cally that it is flung up to the funnel shaped vessel. The latter is open at the
bottom, so that the cream, as long as it is still liquid, will continue to run out
again. As soon, however, as the formation of butter commences, the particles of
butter cling to it, and the weight of same weighs down the vessel of sheet metal
to such an extent that it sinks, thereby drawing with it the lever m, and opening
the cock. Through the opened cock water, or steam, as the case may be
enters under the piston 6 and forces it upwards, and, being connected with the
helt forks of the churn by the piston rod, the belting is transferred from the fixed
to the loose pulley. At this moment the latch t drops automatically below the
collar on the piston rod, and thus holds the latter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The employment in connection with a churn of means within the churning
tub on which the particles of butter which are thrown about within the tub
collect when the butter is made, said means being connected with the starting
and stopping gear or mechanism of the churn, and adapted, by the weight of
collected butter, to automatically stop the churn, operating substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
2. In a churn, means for automatically operating the starting and stopping
gear, a vessel as p in the churning tub attached to a movable support and adapted
to collect particles of butter thrown about within the churn, and to move said
support by the weight of such collected butter; and to actuate or to control the
action of a suitable power device, connected with the starting and stopping gear
of the churn; for the purposes described.
3. In automatic starting and stopping mechanism for churns, a vessel ? within
the churn on which butter is adapted to collect, a cylinder a with piston b con-
nected with the starting and stopping gear, and a cock or valve on the cylinder,
said cock being connected with and operated by the vessel p, by which motor
fluid is admitted to the cylinder and the gear actuated; substantially as and for
the purposes set forth,

page_text: 4. The churn controlling means or mechanisms arranged, constructed, and
adapted to operate, particularly as set forth with reference to and shewn in the
drawings.
Dated this 14th day of June 1808
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicants Patent Agents, 15, Water Street, Liverpool.