IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PLANTING OR SETTING, DRILLING OR DIBBLING CORN, GRAIN, SEED, PULSE, OR MANURE;
Year: 1843

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY
VINGOE and WILLIAM HENRY VINGOE, of the Town of Penzance, in the County
of Cornwall, Builders, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Eighth day of December (One thousand eight hundred and
forty-three), in the seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs
and successors, give and grant unto us, the said Henry Vingoe and William
Henry Vingoc, our exors, adiñors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that we, the said Henry Vingoe and William
Henry Vingoe, our exors, adiñors, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Henry Vingoe and William Henry Vingoe, our exors, aditiors, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of Her said Majesty's United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion of
Wales, and Town of Berwick upon Tweed, our Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR PLANTING OR SETTING, DRILLING OR DIBBLING CORN, GRAIN, SEED,
PULSE, OR MANURE; PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE
CONSTRUCTION OP WHEELS AND CARRIAGES;" in which said Letters Patent there
is contained a proviso, obliging us, or one of us, the said Henry Vingoe and
William Henry Vingoe, to particularly describe and ascertain the nature of

page_text: our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed,
by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of one of us, the said Henry Vingoe and William Henry Vingoe, and to
cause the same to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in
part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Henry Vingoe and William Henry Vingoe, do hereby declare the nature of
our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be fully
specified and described in and by the following statement thereof, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawings (which we declare to be and form
part of this our Specification), by the letters and figures marked thereon, and
herein referred to, that is to say:-
The particular
Our Invention consists in or has reference to the principle of construction,
and also the modes of arrangement of the mechanical parts, and the several
combinations of the same, as herein-after described; that is to say, as regards
our application of the same to the objects set forth in and by the title of the
Letters Patent granted unto us, as herein-before recited.
nature and intention of our said Invention consists in the practical arrangement
and construction of an improved apparatus for planting or setting, drilling or
dibbling of corn, grain, seed, pulse, or manure in the operations of husbandry
and agriculture, and parts of which improved apparatus we also apply to the
constructions of wheels and carriages generally, such aforesaid apparatus being
produced by improved combinations of new and useful character.
The following detailed Specification of our aforesaid Invention has direct
reference to the accompanying Drawings, respectively marked and numbered
No. 1 and No. 2, which Drawings belong to and form part of our said
Specification; and we declare the same to set forth and describe truly the
construction, combinations, and modes which we adopt in order to embody
and carry our aforesaid Invention into practical effect; that is to say, in
the Drawing marked No. 1, the several Figures of which are drawn to a
scale of one inch to one foot, the Figure 1 represents our improved imple-
ment for the operations of planting, setting, drilling, or dibbling, as aforesaid,
in a side view or elevation thereof. The construction, mechanical combina-
tions, and action of this implement is as follows:--A, A, shews the side
or length of a framework of timber, which is supported at about one third
part of its length by a pair of travelling wheels set upon an axle running
through the width of the framework from side to side; one of these wheels

page_text: is shewn in Drawing at B. On the hinder part of the framework A, A, is
placed a seed delivery box C, of construction herein-after described, and near
to the front part of the framework A, A, is placed a manure delivery box D.
The seed delivery box C delivers the seed, its contents, into and through
delivery tubes, some of which are shewn in the Drawing at E, E, E, E. At
the foremost end of the timber framework A, A, and on each side of the frame
is fixed an iron supporting bracket F, carrying an iron roller G by an axle
running through its length. The action or pressure of the roller G, into the
prepared ground over which the advance of the implement causes it to run, is
governed and regulated by the compound lever handle T, T, T, T, reaching
to the place where the man stands who works the implement. This handle is
shewn in the Drawing at W*, and is held and used by the operator to regulate
or to put the machine out of action. These are the leading or principal parts
of the machine; and we shall proceed to describe its minor details of construc-
tion after explaining its general principle of construction and its mode of
action. The manure box D contains manure of any required description in a
sufficiently fine or comminuted state to pass freely into and through a descend-
ing tube H into a delivery spout or channel h, which it passes to the ground
when the machine is driven forward by the operator; the wheel G by its
peculiar formation, as herein-after described, forms small equal parallel and
equidistant continuous drills or trenches, and into these as they are progres-
sively formed the manure is deposited in a constant and unremitting fall and
in uniform quantity by the delivery spout h. The seed delivery box C being
supplied with seed, is, by a peculiar construction and action of its bottom, as
herein-after described, made to deposit seed at intervals and in uniform
quantity through the delivery seed tubes E, E, E, E, which direct its passage
into the drills or trenches (already described as being formed by the roller G,
Figure 1). The delivery of the seed to the centre line of the drill by the
delivery seed tubes E, E, E, E, is obtained by placing small parallel side
plates of metal on each side of each row or range of the delivery seed
tubes E, E, E, E; one of such side plates is shewn in the Drawing at I, I.
The front of the plate I, I, marked J, can be moved forward or backward,
an iron frame, carrying a small series of circular or revolving holes K, moving
on an axle which is suspended across the framework A, A, from side to side of
the machine. The axle is kept stationary by the springs 6 acting against a
stud 7, and when the hoes K become clogged the springs allow them to revolve
and clear themselves. The hoes closely follow the said delivery seed tubes
E, E, E, E, and cover in the rill of seed immediately on its being deposited by
them. At a small distance behind the hoes K a flat-tired castor wheel I.

page_text: follows, and this, by its position and its action, enables the operator to guide the
machine, by his management of the handle N at the extremity of the frame
A, A. The minor details of construction, by means of which this action of the
machine is produced, are as follows:-The framework A, A, with its travelling
wheels B, B, is shewn in an horizontal plan view in Figure 6, Drawing No. 2.
The framework being marked A, A, as in Figure 1, Drawing No. 1, and B, B,
the travelling wheels. E represents a frame of slides having a meter for the
seed. These are drawn in red color, and are respectively marked a, b, c, d, e,
&c. The bars F cover the apertures formed in the bottom of the hopper of
the machine, with small brushes to regulate the delivery of the seed by the
slides, above mentioned. The parts respectively marked 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, &c. repre-
sent the apertures formed in the bottom of the hopper. A moveable bottom is
placed in the hopper resting on the bars, with corresponding holes over
a, b, c, d, e. This bottom is divided into compartments to keep the holes
regularly supplied with the seed. Figures 7 and 8 represent vertical cross
sections of the frame of slides shewn in the Figure 6. In these Figures,
H represents pipes serving to conduct the seed into the rills or trenches in the
ground previously formed by the roller G, as before described. G*, G*, G*, G*,
represent the small brushes that regulate the delivery of the seed from the
pipes H. The Figure 7 is a transverse section of the frame, taken in the line
X, X, of the Figure 6; and the Figure 8 is a longitudinal section of same
taken in the line X, X*, of the same Figure. In the latter one of the slides
of the hopper is shewn at S, S, the small brushes at G, G. The slides are moved
by a notched wheel, shewn in the Figure 8 at W. This is set on the axle of
one of the travelling wheels B of the Figure 6, and is put in action by the
forward motion of those wheels, and thus by its own continued circular motion
produces on the slide S, S, a jerked and forward movement, and the slide is
forced back to its place by the tension of a moderately strong helical spring q,
(shewn in Figures 6 and 8, Drawing No. 2.) The notched wheel is prevented
from running back by the ratched X, having a spring 10, and catch 11. The
Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9 of Drawing No. 2 are drawn to a scale of three inches
to a foot. In the Figure 1 of the Drawing 1 the bottom of the hopper
is shewn at S, S, and the long plate S* at its extremity. The notched
wheel is shewn at P. A spur wheel O is keyed on the axle of the tra-
velling wheel B. The wheel O is in gear with the wheel Q, and the axle
of the wheel Q is continued through the manure box, carrying a series of
notched wheels to receive and deliver the manure regularly into the pipe H.
These notched wheels have a sliding piece to reduce the size of the notches for
any required quantity of delivery of manure. The wheel is fixed on a square

page_text: axle to which the sliding piece is attached. The wheel Q drives another spur
wheel R; this latter is set on the extremity of an axle passing through the
manure box D; on this axle are fixed several ranges of iron prongs X, which
revolve into the progressive movement of the machine, and so continually stir
up and communicate the mass of manure to enable it to pass freely through
the descending tube H. A plate 15 in front of the wheel R regulates the
delivery of the manure by the action of a screw 16, Drawing No. 1. The par-
ticular construction of the roller G is shewn in the Figure 9 of the Drawing
No. 2, where A, A, A, A, A, mark the projecting edges by which it enters the
prepared ground and forms the drills or trenches, and B, B, B, B, its cylin-
drical portions. C, C, are the ends of the axle on which it revolves. The
Figure 2 in the Drawing No. 1 shews this roller drawn to a smaller scale, in
which the projecting and the cylindrical portions are respectively marked with
the same letters of reference as in the Figure 9; and 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, shew a
series of scrapers so placed as to act against the roller G, to scrape the roller
free from adhesion of mould that might impede its action. The back of these
scrapers are formed into shares or slides, which follow in the drills or trenches
made by the roller G, with hollow indentations g*, g*, g*, g*, g*, g*, to receive
the manure. T, T, is a compound series of levers, moving on the fulcrum V,
and worked by the handle W, enabling the operator to lighten the action and
pressure of the roller, or to raise it from the ground altogether, and put the
whole machine out of action. L shews the directing wheel, traversing on a
centre pin at M, and worked by the operation of the handle N; Z is a hook
for fastening the lever W*; I, I, are the plates of metal placed edgewise to
prevent the delivery seed tubes from choking; 4 are adjusting screws, by
which the slides and scrapers 9 may be depressed to deepen their working.
Shafts may be added to the front of the machine, when circumstances require
it, for the purpose of employing horses for the draught. S**is a bar, having a
small roller 2 at its extremity, by which, when the handle W* is depressed,
the roller acting against the plate S*, stops the frame of slides in the hopper.
The Figure 3 in the Drawing No. 1 is a separate view of the arrange-
ment of revolving hoes, in which is shewn the shape of the separate hoes,
and the mode of setting the hoes on the axle. The Figure 4 of the Drawing
No. 1 represents a horizontal plan view of the improved wheel, and the
Figure 5 a side elevation of the same, in which the numeral Figure 1 marks
the outer rim of the wheels; 2 are iron or wood beams; 3 are the shafts;
4, the axles of the wheels; 5, connecting cross bars between the longitudinal
bars 2, 2, and 2, 2. 6, 6, 6, in the Figure 5, are friction rollers enclosed in the
boxes of the beams 2, 2, and 2, 2.

page_text: We now declare that we claim the arrangement, construction, and combi-
nations of the herein described apparatus and machine for planting or setting,
drilling or dibbling, as the same are herein-before described and set forth, on
the principles of construction and of combination of parts so described, and the
compound machine or implement produced by such construction and combi-
nation in the modifications so set down and described.
And we declare that we claim as of our Invention the use and application,
construction, and combination of the improved wheels, as herein-before
described and specified, with their use and application to agricultural imple-
ments and tools requiring travelling wheels, and to wheel carriages generally.
In witness whereof, the said William Henry Vingoe, on behalf of himself
and the aforesaid Henry Vingoe, has hereunto set his hand and seal,
this Sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and forty-four.
(L.B.) WILLIAM HENRY (L.S.) VINGOE.