Combustion Stoves or Fireplaces
Year: 1896

page_text: Combustion Stoves or Fireplaces,
We GEORGE JOBSON, Photographer of Adin Villas, Boston Road, Horncastle, in
the County of Lincoln and JAMES BARNS STONE, Dealer in Special Tools &
Machinery, of 135 Finsbury Pavement, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention consists of an open fire grate (similar to those used in sitting rooms)
convertible at pleasure by means of sliding or swinging transparent shutters or doors
into a slow combustion stove. The shutters or doors to slide or swing from the inside
or back of fire jamba from right and left respectively joining together in front of
fire grate thus forming the slow combustion stove.
The aforesaid shutters or doors to be made of suitable open-work metal and to be
glazed with mica or other suitable transparent material so that the fire is still visible
when the shutters or doors are drawn in front of the fire. When used as a slow
combustion stove the draughts may be regulated by means of suitable openings in
the said shutters or doors.
Didth 19th dow of Aument 1900

page_text: Middlesex, do hereby declare the unture of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention comprises the application to an open, domestic, fire-grate of
revolving doors, which enclose the whole fire-place when drawn together; and when
moved apart, recede within or behind the front of the grate. By the employment of
these doors, a closed stove is obtained, susceptible of regulation with reference to its
rapidity of fuel combustion. By reason also of the doors swinging to the side of the
grale, when not in use, instead of folding flatly against the front; the length,
occupied in the latter case, by the open doors, between the pillars of the fire-place, is
more usefully applied to the widening of the fire-grate, and thus a greater effective
heat-radiating width of the latter presented to the room. In addition to this, the
smart appearance of the stove is still maintained, even when the doors are not
brought together; for they nently disappear, as described above, instead of folding
back on hiuges in a manner, which would expose their rear faces.
A canopy is provided, which may be domed, and of ornamental design, for containing
the guide of the revolving doors, aud for the purpose of preventing access of
air to the stove, at auy point above the level of the top of the doors, so as to utilize
the draught power of the chimney to the greatest advantage.
In an alternative construction, each of the two folding doors is in one, with half of
the canopy; and each door, with its half canopy, is pivotted, to turn about an axis
of rotation, which is central in the grate.
"Gridiron " or other valves may be provided in the said doors, and in the canopy
of the grate frame, for the purpose of regulating the rapidity of combustion. By
employing such valves, instead of, as hitherto, making the folding doors in several
sections, sparks and cinders are arrested.
Preferably a damper is provided in the throat of the flue.
The doors are so disposed, that, when they are closed, for the obtainment of a
free circulation of air to the various parts of the fire in the grate, ample space exists
between them and the fire-bars.
Windows, which may result from a lattice-work construction of the folding doors,
are provided in the same, and are filled with sheets of mica or other transparent
material.
The invention comprises also improvements in detail, which are hereinafter
exemplified.
In the accompanying drawings;-
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a domestic fire-grate, to which, improvements, according
to this invention are applied, with the shutters, hereinafter described, open;
Fig. 2 is a similar view, except that the said shutters are closed;
Fig. 3 is a sectional plan on the line 3-3 of Fig. 4, the shutters being closed; and
Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2, of an alternative construction.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
A is a domestic, open, fire-grate. Swinging doors B are applied thereto, so that
the grate may be couverted, when desired, to a closed stove. Valves B' and B³, in
the doors, and A', in the fixed portion of the grate, are provided; to enable the
adinission of air to the grate, when the doors are brought together, to be controlled.
The doors B are preferably semi-circular in plan, but may be flat or of any other
suitable form. They are provided near their upper edges with rollers C, which ride
on a curved rail A, which forms part of the grate frame.
By these means, when the grate is to be used as an ordinary open hearth (as in
Figure 1), the adjustable doors B, dependent from the rail A, are guided by the
same, through vertical slots A³, to the rear or side of the latter; and thus leave the
entire fore part of the grate unencumbered, and freely open to the room.
To procure slower combustion of the fuel in the grate, the two doors B, B aro slid
from their retreats A' aituated on each side of hearth A, so that they meet together

page_text: in, the centre (as in Fig. 2). The supply of air, and the draught, are now further
adjustable, by means of the valves, A, B, B, which are of "gridiron" type. Several
inches of space intervene, between the closed shutters B and the fire-bars A; so that
the admitted air may have free access to all parts of the fuel. The shutters B may
be made in ornamental design, in open lattice-work, or other framed form; the
resultant windows B, which afford means of observing the screened fire, without
opening the shutters B, being filled with mica sheets or other suitable substance.
The valve A', in the frame, is preferably placed in a canopy A, over the crown
of the hearth.
A draught-damping arrangement, of approved design is provided in the throat of
the flue E, operated by lovers D', or equivalent, concealed in the dome canopy A', at
the crown of the hearth, and which are in turn actuated by a handle D', passing
through a slot to the exterior of the dome.
The rail support A of the rollers C, is shielded from deposits of soot, cinders, and
the like, by reason of its position relatively to the grate A and by a protective circular
casing A A'. It is concealed from view by the doine or canopy A'; but is accessible
for repair or other purpose, by the removal of a face-plate A', affixed to the fore edge
of the canopy A. The lower edges of the shutters B are protected from cinders,
soot and the like,-which would cause them to jam, when endeavouring to slide them
out or home, by the sill A of a curved fixed base, which sill, whilst having a
vertical fore-face, to make close contact with the sliding shutters B, is so steeply
inclined at the rear as to act as an interual fender; consequently none of the
obstructions, indicated above, can settle in the path of the doors, but are directed
rearward under the grate.
This sill may be of the form illustrated, each door being bent up at its lower
edge B, so as to engage with the overhanging flange, A, of the sill A, and be
thereby constrained, to travel in a circular path, its upper edge being similarly
guided by the rail A². Or a flange may be affixed to the doors, just above the
Icwer sill A8, and be given the same inclination as the sill, so as to be suited to ride
on it. An alternative mode of mounting the doors is exemplified in an arrangement,
illustrated in Fig. 6, where radial arms B', attached to the said doors at top and
bottom, are mounted on vertical pivots A10 or the like, constraining the covers to
rotate circularly around these pivots. The upper mdial arm in the example illus-
trated is formed as a semi-dome, in one with each door, nud movable through the
front of the grate. By this device, the stationary dome, with its onclosed guide rail,
and the rollers, are all dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare, that what
we claim is;-
1. The combination with a fire-place A of revolving doors such as B, which
enclose the whole fire-place, when drawn together; and when moved apart, recede
within or behind the front of the grate, for the purpose described.
2. In a grate a canopy such as A', containing guides such as A' for revolving
doors.
3. In a grate the combination of the door and canopy, both moving together,
substantially as described or illustrated.
4. In a grate the combination of doors B arranged and operating as described, a
canopy, and valves in the doors or canopy, or in both.
5. In grate-doors B, arranged and operating as described, windows 1 filled with
transparent material.
6. In a grate the combination with doors B arranged and operating as described,
of a rail A, and rollers C, with or without a casing such as A A' for the purposo
specified.
7. In a grate the combination with the doors B, arranged and operating ns
described, of a curved base such as A', and means for keeping the doors B against
the base for the purpose specified.

page_text: 8. The combination and arrangement of parts, constituting the complete grate-
enclosing device, substantially as described, and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4,
or Figure 5, of the accompanying drawings.