Improvements in Driving Mechanism and Mechanism for Raising and Lowering Weights.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Feb., 1887
Complete Left, 22nd Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 23rd Dec., 1887.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Driving Mechanism and Mechanism for Raising
and Lowering Weights.
I, JOHN STANDFIELD of 6 Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street in the County
of Westminster, Engineer, do hereby declare this nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Figure 1, F is a crab winch frame, A is a power wheel, E and E' are thrust bars,
His a crank handle III are cranks on a crank shaft D, and P is a pawl.
The upper end of E is secured to the framing F by the pin G, the lower end of E¹
engaging in the cogs of the power wheel A.
The thrust bars E and E¹ are alternately caused to form two sides of an angle and
then a straight line, so by turning the crank handle H half a revolution the crank I
and the connecting rod C force the thrust bars E and E¹ from the angle to the
straight line and the power wheel A is thus forced forward one cog.
The power wheel is now held in position by a pawl P. When the crank handle H
is turned another half of a revolution the crank I and connecting rod ( withdraw
the thrust bars E and E' until they form the two sides of an angle, when they are
in position for another stroke.
It will be seen that by having a number of cranks and pairs of thrust bars, the
operation of the wheel would be continuous and no pawl would be required. It is
not essential that the thrust bars should go up to the straight line, in some cases
there may be advantage in stopping them short of this.
Figure 2 shews a similar crab winch frame F, crank handle H, power wheel A
and thrust bars E and E¹. III are cranks on a crank shaft D%; in some cases
eccentric sheaves may be substituted. In this case the thrust bars E and E' when in
motion form an angle on each side of a straight line drawn between the pin G and
the pitch line of the cogs so that each revolution of the crank shaft D operates upon
two cogs in the power wheel A instead of on only one cog. and by this means a more
uniform rotation of the power wheel is obtained.
Figure 3 shews a power wheel A placed in between the two check plates F of a
pulley block, which may be suspended by the shackle S in the ordinary way. G is

page_text: the fixed pin, E and E' are the thrust bars, C is the connecting rod, D is the crank
shaft and III are the cranks which may be driven in this case by a pitch wheel J
and endless chain K or by other suitable means. It will be noticed that by hauling
on either part of the endless chain K the thrust bars E and E¹ will be put in motion
and will form an angle on either side of a straight line drawn from the pin G to the
pitch line of the cogs and thus every revolution of the pitch wheel J will cause the
power wheel A to revolve two cogs.
The power wheel A may be attached to a drum on which a chain, rope, or wire
rope may run, or to a pitch wheel and chain.
Figure 4 shews another arrangement of a pulley block.
In this case the thrust bars E and E¹ form an angle on only one side of a straight
line drawn from the pin G to the pitch line of the cogs and the power wheel A
revolves only one cog to each revolution of the crank shaft D.
The pawl P holds the power wheel in position while the thrust bars are returning
to their original position in readiness for another stroke.
But by having two or more series of thrust bars and cranks the pawl becomes
unnecessary and the power wheel A revolves continuously.
Figure 5 shews another arrangement of a pulley block. F F are the cheek plates,
A is the power wheel E and E₁ are the thrust bars which form an angle on
one side
of a straight line drawn from the pin G to the pitch line of the cogs. C is the con-
necting rod I is the crank, L is a lever which operates the crank W is a weight
secured to the lever L and R is a rope, chain or wire which enables the lever L to
be operated from below.
It will be seen that on pulling the rope R the crank I and connecting rod C pull
the thrust bars E and E¹ from the angle to the straight line and the power wheel
is forced round one cog. On releasing the rope R the weight W causes the thrust
bars to immediately return to their original position in readiness for another stroke.
It may be preferable sometimes to have two or more levers and series of thrust
bars so as to cause the power wheel A to revolve continuously.
Sometimes I prefer a spring instead of a weight W to cause the thrust bars to
return to their original position.
Figure 6. Sometimes in preference to having the periphery of the power wheel
provided with cogs, it may be provided with a rim and the end of the thrust bar E'
may carry a knuckle jointed or sliding friction block V which grips the rim of the
wheel while the thrust bars are forced into a straight line and releases it when
the bars are withdrawn as shewn in the lower portion of Figure 6 and thus force
the wheel round in the direction of the arrow.
In some cases I reverse this operation as shewn in the upper part of Figure 6.
In this case the bars E and E' are not thrust bars for they are in tension while
turning the wheel in the direction of the arrow. The knuckle jointed or sliding
friction block V grips the wheel while the tension bars E and E are being hauled
from the straight line to the angle and releases it when being forced into a straight
line ready for another stroke.
In all these figures the power wheel may be rigidly fixed to the drum, or it may
be provided with a friction clutch or brake in order that the weight may be lowered
without operating the thrust bars.
Figure 7. AA is the power wheel, D is the driving shaft to which in this case
four eccentric sheaves are fixed. These eccentric sheaves operate four thrust bars
which engage in the power wheel A as shewn. To simplify the periphery of the
power wheel I make the thrust bars E¹ all of different lengths; this enables me to
have one series of broad cogs in place of four series of narrow cogs on the periphery
of the power wheel. In this case one complete revolution of the driving shaft D
thrusts forward all four of the thrust bars in succession and the power wheel is
forced forward one cog. It will be noticed that although each of the four thrust
bars is a different length they all engage in the same cog.
When it is desirable to reverse the action of the power wheel as each thrust bar
becomes disengaged it may be thrown over the driving shaft when it would engage

page_text: in the top of the power wheel in place of the side and would so drive it in a
contrary direction whichever way the driving shaft is rotated. The pawl P would
also be thrown over in the direction of the arrow.
In some cases it may be preferable to thrust the power wheel round by means
of a series of oscillating hydraulic pawl rams N and presses R as shewn at
Figure 8.
It might be sometimes preferable to pull on the periphery of the power wheel
in place of thrusting on it, in which case I use a hooked eccentric rod in place
of a thrust bar as shewn in figure 9.
In most cases I prefer to use a crank shaft and cranks in place of eccentrics
to operate the thrust bars.
Figure 10 is an end elevation of Figure 7.
drum.
A is the power wheel M is the
Sometimes I prefer to have the cogs on the power wheel on the inside of the
rim of the wheel in place of on the outside. In this case the thrust bars &c. are also
on the inside of the wheel.
Dated this 22nd day of February 1887
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Driving Mechanism and Mechanism for Raising
and Lowering Weights.
I, JOHN STANDFIELD of 6 Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street, in the City of
Westminster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
In the drawings left with the Provisional Specification Figure 1, F is a crab winch
frame, A is a power wheel, E and E' are thrust bars, H is a crank handle, III are
cranks on a crank shaft D, and P is a pawl.
The upper end of E is secured to the framing F by the pin G, the lower end of E¹
engaging in the cogs of the power wheel A.
The thrust bars E and E are alternately caused to form two sides of an angle
and then a straight line, so by turning the crank handle H half a revolution
the crank I and the connecting rod C force the thrust bars E and E¹ from
the angle to the straight line and the power wheel A is thus forced forward
one cog.
The power wheel is now held in position by a pawl P. When the crank handle H
is turned another half of a revolution the crank I and connecting rod C withdraw the
thrust bars E and E¹ until they form the two sides of an angle, when they are in
position for another stroke.
It will be seen that by having a number of cranks and pairs of thrust bars, the
operation of the wheel would be continuous and no pawl would be required. It is not
essential that the thrust bars should go up to the straight line, in some cases there.may
be advantage in stopping them short of this.
Figure 2 shows a similar crab winch frame F, crank handle H, power wheel A and
thrust bars E and E¹. Ill are cranks on a crank shaft D; in some cases eccentric
sheaves may be substituted. In this case the thrust bars E and E' when in motion
form an angle on each side of a straight line drawn between the pin G and the pitch
line of the cogs so that each revolution of the crank shaft D operates upon two cogs
in the power wheel A instead of on only one cog, and by this means a more uniform
rotation of the power wheel is obtained.
Figure 3 shews a power wheel A placed in between the two check plates F of a
pulley block which may be suspended by the shackle S in the ordinary way, G is the
fixed pin, E and E' are the thrust bars, C is the connecting rod, D is the crank shaft
and III are the cranks which may be driven in this case by a pitch wheel J and
endless chain K or by other suitable means. It will be noticed that by hauling on
either part of the endless chain K the thrust bars E and E' will be put in motion and
will form an angle on either side of a straight line drawn from the pin G to the pitch
line of the cogs and thus every revolution of the pitch wheel J will cause the power
wheel A to revolve two cogs.

page_text: The power wheel A may be attached to a drum on which a chain, rope, or wire rope
may run, or to a pitch wheel and chain.
Figure 4 shews another arrangement of a pulley block.
In this case the thrust bars E and E¹ form an angle on only one side of a straight
line drawn from the pin G to the pitch line of the cogs and the power wheel A revolves
only one cog to each revolution of the crank shaft D.
The pawl P holds the power wheel in position while the thrust bars are returning to
their original position in readiness for another stroke.
But by having two or more series of thrust bars and cranks the pawl becomes
unnecessary and the power wheel A revolves continuously.
Figure 5 shews another arrangement of a pulley block. FF are the cheek plates,
A is the power wheel, E and E' are the thrust bars which form an angle on one side
of a straight line drawn from the pin G to the pitch line of the cogs, C is the connect-
ing rod, I is the crank, L is a lever which operates the crank. W is a weight secured
to the lever L and R is a rope, chain or wire which enables the lever L to be operated
from below.
It will be seen that on pulling the rope R the crank I and connecting rod C
pull the thrust bars E and E' from the angle to the straight line and the power
wheel is forced round one cog. On releasing the rope R the weight W causes
the thrust bars to immediately return to their original position in readiness for
another stroke.
It may be preferable sometimes to have two or more levers and series of thruts bars
so as to cause the power wheel A to revolve continuously.
Sometimes I prefer a spring instead of a weight W to cause the thrust bars to return
to their original position.
Figure 6. Sometimes in preference to having the periphery of the power wheel
provided with cogs, it may be provided with a rim and the end of the thrust bar E¹
may carry a knuckle jointed or sliding friction block V which grips the rim of the
wheel while the thrust bars are forced into a straight line and releases it when thebars
are withdrawn as shown in the lower portion of Figure 6 and thus force the wheel
round in the direction of the arrow.
In some cases I reverse this operation as shewn in the upper part of Figure 6. In
this case the bars E and E' are not thrust bars for they are in tension while turning
the wheel in the direction of the arrow. The knuckle jointed or sliding friction
block V grips the wheel while the tension bars E and E¹ are being hauled from
the straight line to the angle and releases it when being forced into a straight line
ready for another stroke.
In all these figures the power wheel may be rigidly fixed to the drum, or it may be
provided with a friction clutch or brake in order that the weight may be lowered
without operating the thrust bars.
Figure 7. A A is the power wheel, D is the driving shaft to which in this case four
eccentric sheaves are fixed. These eccentric sheaves operate four thrust bars which
engage in the power wheel A as shewn. To simplify the periphery of the power
wheel I make the thrust bars E' all of different lengths; this enables me to have one
series of broad cogs in place of four series of narrow cogs on the periphery of the
power wheel. In this case one complete revolution of the driving shaft D thrusts
forward all four of the thrust bars in succession and the power wheel is forced forward
one cog. It will be noticed that although each of the four thrust bars is a different
length they all engage in the same cog.
When it is desirable to reverse the action of the power wheel as each thrust bar
becomes disengaged it may be thrown over the driving shaft when it would engage
in the top of the power wheel in place of the side and would so drive it in a contrary
direction whichever way the driving shaft is rotated. The pawl P would also be
thrown over in the direction of the arrow.
In some
cases it may be preferable to thrust the power wheel round by
means of a series of oscillating hydraulic pawl rams N and pressers R as shewn
at Figure 8.

page_text: It might be sometimes preferable to pull on the periphery of the power wheel in
place of thrusting on it, in which case I use a hooked eccentric rod in place of a thrust
bar as shewn in figure 9.
In most cases I prefer to use a crank shaft and cranks in place of eccentrics to
operate the thrust bars.
Figure 10 is an end elevation of Figure 7 A is the power wheel, M is the drum.
Sometimes I prefer to have the cogs on the power wheel on the inside of the rim of
the wheel in place of on the outside. In this case the thrust bars &c. are also on the
inside of the wheel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:―
1. Driving mechanism and mechanism for raising and lowering weights in which
rotary motion is communicated from one axis to another by jointed thrust bars which
are alternately caused to form two sides of an angle and then a straight line substantially
as described.
2. The various arrangements of apparatus substantially as described in connection
with figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 10, 8 and 9 of the drawings.
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