IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SAWING AND TENONING WHEEL SPOKES, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINES FOR SAWING AND TENONING WHEEL SPOKES, APPLICABLE ALSO
FOR OTHER PURPOSES." A communication from abroad by Sylvester Green
Mason and Charles Edwin Bogue, both of Crown Point, in the County of
Essex, State of New York, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville Clark at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th May 1879.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SAWING AND TENONING WHEEL
SPOKES, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR OTHER PURPOSES." [A communication from abroad
by Sylvester Green Mason and Charles Edwin Bogue, both of Crown Point, in the
County of Essex, State of New York, United States of America.]
This Inven.ion relates to the employment of an annular saw in conjunction with
a series of inserted bits, and counter pieces back of and close to said bits, for the
purpose of sawing and tenoning the ends of wheel spokes, for producing curtain
rollers, broom sticks, and other articles, and for constituting preferably a self feed
during the act of tenoning.
The Invention consists in the new arrangement of bits and counter pieces around
a common centre, the counter pieces being close to and slightly back of the bits;
and also in their combination with an annular saw, and in other details of improve-
ment hereinafter more fully described. The saw blade is placed against the face of
and secured by screws or otherwise to an annular block of iron, steel, or other
suitable material, which block is adapted to be screwed upon or otherwise secured
to a shaft, to which rotary motion can be imparted. Behind the saw blade the
annular block has one or more lateral openings or apertures for the discharge of
chips or shavings. The planing or cutting bits are fitted radially through the block
and adjusted so that their inner ends are equidistant from the centre of the saw.
Each of these bits can be secured in position by a suitable set screw or otherwise.
That edge of each bit which is nearest the face of the saw projects to form a radial
cutting edge. The rods or counter pieces are placed radially into the block between
I Drin e21

page_text: the bits in such manner that the end edge of each rod will be close to and some-
what behind each cutting edge, in fact in the same relative positions as the sole of
a plane is to the bit thereof. These counterpieces are also adjustable and held in
place by set screws.
In operation the apparatus mounted upon a shaft is rotated, and the ends of the
spokes of a wheel or other articles are successively exposed to its action. The saw
cuts the spokes off to the required length, and then as the cut end of the spoke is
opposite the centre of the saw the latter is slid towards the spoke to enable the
cutters to act on the circumference of the spoke and to shave or plane the same
down until the desired tenon is obtained. After the bits have once taken hold of
the spoke they feed themselves (owing to the grip which the counter pieces enable
them to take) along on the spoke until a stop is reached, which defines the length
of tenon. The saw is now moved back, another spoke of the partly finished wheel
exposed to its action, and the tenon produced as before stated. The apparatus may
also be used as a polishing machine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th November 1879.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SAWING AND TENONING WHEEL
SPOKES, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR OTHER PURPOSES." A communication from abroad
by Sylvester Green Mason and Charles Edwin Bogue, both of Crown Point, in the
County of Essex, State of New York, United States of America.
This Invention relates to the employment of an annular saw in conjunction with
a series of inserted bits, and countre pieces back of and close to said bits for the
purpose of sawing and tenoning the ends of wheel spokes, for producing curtain
rollers, broom sticks and other articles, and for constituting preferably a self feed
during the act of tenoning. The Invention consists in the new arrangement of
bits and countre pieces around a common centre, the countre pieces being close to
and slightly back of the bits; and also in their combination with an annular saw,
and in other details of improvement hereinafter more fully described.
In the accompanying Drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view of a machine
containing the improvements; Figure 2 is a face view of the sawing and tenoning
apparatus; Figure is a central section thereof; Figure 4 is a detail side view of
one of the cutters used therein. Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding
parts in all the Figures.
A represents an annular saw blade, placed against the face of and secured by
screws a or otherwise to an annular block B of iron, steel, or other suitable material,
which block is adapted to be screwed upon or otherwise secured to a shaft, to which
rotary notion can be imparted. Behind the saw blade the annular block B has one
or more lateral openings & or apertures for the discharge of chips or shavings. C, C, C,
are three, more or less, planing or cutting bits, fitted radially through the block B
and adjusted so that their inner ends are equi-distant from the centre of the saw.
Each of these bits can be secured in position by a suitable set screw d, or otherwise.
That edge e of each bit C which is nearest the face of the saw projects to form a
radial cutting edge. D, D, D, are three, more or less, rods or counterpieces placed
radially into the block B between the bits C, C, in such manner that the end edge
f of each rod D will be close to and somewhat behind each cutting edge, in fact in
the same relative positions as the sole of a plane is to the bit thereof. These
counterpieces D are also adjustable and held in place by set screws g.
In operation the apparatus mounted upon a shaft is rotated, and the ends of the
spokes of a wheel or other articles are successively exposed to its action. The saw
cuts the spokes off to the required length, and then as the cut end of the spoke is
opposite the centre of the saw the latter is slid towards the spoke to enable the
cutters C to act on the circumference of the spoke and to shave or plane the same
down until the desired tenon is obtained. After the bits have once taken hold of
the spoke they feed themselves (owing to the grip which the counterpieces D enable
them to take) along on the spoke until a stop is reached which defines the length
of tenon. The saw is now moved back another spoke of the partly finished wheel
exposed to its action and the tenon produced as before stated.
Figure 1 illustrates a machine containing the improvements and showing also
the partly finished wheel, of which nearly all the spokes have been sawed and
tenoned. The apparatus may also be used as a polishing machine.
Having described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of performing
the same I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,
1st. The annular block B combined with two or more radial inwardly set bits
C, C, and counterpieces D, D, for the purpose of constituting a tenoning apparatus,
substantially as herein shown and described.

page_text: 2nd. The combination of the annular saw A with the two or more radial bits C
and counterpieces D to constitute a combined sawing and tenoning apparatus, sub-
stantially as herein shown and described.
3rd. The annular block B carrying two or more adjustable bits C and counter-
pieces D, and provided with apertures b, b, substantially as herein shown and
described.
4th. The rotary plane, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
A. M. CLARK. (LS.)