IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORED AND ORNAMENTED FABRICS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Flect
Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORED AND ORNAMENTED
FABRICS." A communication.
Sealed the 25th March 1854, and dated the 27th October 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 27th October 1858.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROUMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City
of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORED AND
ORNAMENTED FABRICS" to be as follows:-
The fabrics are produced by weaving in the ordinary manner; and
the Invention consists in preparing the threads, before or while being
woven, by passing them through or by applying thereon, wholly or
partially, colors, which colors are only fixed after the threads are
formed into a fabric. Or the threads are passed through or have applied
thereon, while being woven, bituminous or other like substances which

page_text: will become adhesive or viscous on the application of heat or of essential
oils or otherwise, and applying to the threads after they have been
formed into a fabric, and on such parts as may be rendered adhesive,
colours, such as pigments, or metal leaf or powder, flock, &c.
The first part of this Invention consists in coating or impregnating,
either entirely or partially, threads which are subsequently to be formed
into a fabric by weaving in the ordinary manner, with some imastic or
mordant which will not interfere with, the weaving, and which, after
being woven, may be rendered adhesive by heat or otherwise, so as to
retain colors, such as pigments, and metal leaf or powder, flock, &c. &c.
The mordants I prefer to employ are bituminous and resinous substances,
and preparations of caoutchouc, gutta percha, and generally such sub-
stances as will become viscous by heat or by the application of
essential oils. I also employ gummy and gelatinous substances which
may be rendered viscous by steam, water, or other liquid. The metallic
leaf, powder, or flock is applied after the fabric has been formed, and
will adhere to such parts of the fabric as may be rendered adhesive.
The second part of the Invention consists in impregnating threads,
either entirely or partially, with colors ordinarily used in printing and
dyeing of goods before or while being woven, and which colors are only
fixed after the threads have been woven into a cloth or fabric.
Ordinary threads may be used together with threads impregnated with
colors called steamed colors, colors which contain the necessary salts
or mordants necessary for their becoming fixed colors, and which are
only fixed after being woven into a cloth or fabric. Thus, for example,
by fixing or steaming the fabrics at different degrees of moisture the
threads which have been impregnated with steam colors will discharge
or run part of their colour on to the unprepared or uncolored threads,
and will thus produce a shaded effect.
Threads prepared according to the first part of this Invention may
be employed together with threads prepared according to the second
part, whereby a novel effect will be produced.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Sea!
Patent Office on the 27th April 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing late the Twenty-seventh day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her
special licence that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my execu-
tors, administrators, and, assigns, or such others as I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORED AND
ORNAMENTED FABRICS," (communicated to me by a foreigner residing
abroad.) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the, same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:
The fabrics are produced by weaving in the ordinary manner; and
the Invention consists, first, in preparing the threads, wholly or partially,
before or while being woven, with a bituminous or other like substance
which will become adhesive or viscous on the application of heat, or

page_text: of essential oils, or otherwise, and in applying to the threads, after they
have been formed into a fabric, and on such parts as may be rendered
adhesive, colours or ornamenting matters, such as pigments, metal leaf
or powder, flock, &c.; and, second, in preparing threads, before or while
being woven, by passing them through or by applying thereon, wholly
or partially, colors, which colors are only fixed after the threads are
formed into a fabric.
The first part of the Invention consists in coating or impregnating,
either entirely or partially, threads of any textile material, which are
subsequently to be woven into a fabric in the ordinary manner with
some mastic or mordant which will not interfere with the weaving, and
which after being woven may be rendered adhesive by heat, essential
oils, or otherwise, so as to retain colors or ornamenting matters, such
as pigments, metal leaf or powder, flock, &c. &c. The mastics or
mordants which I prefer to employ are bituminous and resinous
substances, and preparations of caoutchouc, gutta percha, and generally
such substances as will become adhesive or viscous by heat or by the
application of essential oils or other solvents. I also employ gummy
and gelatinous substances, which may be rendered adhesive or viscous
by steam, water, or other liquid. The pigment, or metallic leaf, powder,
or flock is applied after the fabric has been formed, and will adhere
only to such parts of the fabric as may be rendered adhesive. The
softening of the mastic or mordant may be effected by passing the
woven fabrics over drums or cylinders heated by steam or otherwise,
and the pigments or ornamenting matters may be applied by means of
rollers dipping into a box containing the same, or by passing the woven
fabrics through the box. When the pigments or matters have been
thus applied the fabrics are immediately submitted to strong pressure
between calendering rollers or otherwise, by which means the adhesion
of the pigments or matters to the prepared surfaces is effected, and the
fabrics are then brushed briskly for the purpose of removing the
superfluous power from those parts of the fabrics which have not
been prepared, the powder adhering only to those parts which have
been rendered adhesive.
The second part of the Invention consists in impregnating threads,
either entirely or partially, with colors ordinarily used in printing and

page_text: dyeing of goods, before or while being woven, and which colors are
only fixed after the threads have been woven into a cloth or fabric.
The colors which I employ in this manner are such as are called steam
colors, that is, colors which contain or have combined with them the
salts or mordants necessary for their becoming fixed by the application
of steam, and which are only fixed after being woven into a cloth or
fabric. Ordinary unprepared threads may be used together with
threads impregnated with steam colors, and by fixing or steaming the
fabrics at different degrees of moisture the threads which have been
impregnated with the steam colors will discharge or run part of their
color on to the unprepared or uncolored threads, and will thus
produce a shaded effect.
Threads prepared according to the first part of this Invention may
be employed together with threads prepared according to the second
part, whereby a novel effect will be produced.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim
as the said Invention is,-
First, the preparation of threads, before or while being woven, with a
mastic or other substance capable of being rendered viscous or adhesive
by heat or essential oils, or otherwise, and the application to such
threads, after they have been formed into a fabric, of pigments or
ornamenting matters, as herein-before described.
Second, the preparation of threads, before or while being woven, by
passing them through or applying thercon colors which are fixed after
the threads have been formed into a fabric, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Broomau, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of
April, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)