CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Gerrard Fitton, of the City of Manchester,
Machinist, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE
TO CARDING ENGINES."
Sealed the 2nd December 1864, and dated the 18th June 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Gerrard Fitton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th June 1864.
I, EDWARD GERRARD FITTON, of the City of Manchester, Machinist, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN OR APPLICABLE TO CARDING ENGINES," to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to the bearings or fixings of the working rollers
and clearers used in carding engines for carding cotton and other fibrous
substances.
My Invention consists in so constructing the said bearings or fixings that
the axles and necks of the said rollers and clearers will be covered, thus pre-
venting the accumulation of fibres on the axles of the rollers. By this means

page_text: waste is avoided, and the labour of removing such fibres when they accumulate
is economised. Hitherto it has been usual for a part of the axle of the rollers
between the bend and the end of the roller to remain uncovered, and on this
uncovered part the fibres accumulate, thus causing waste and loss of time.
Means have been adopted to prevent this by placing a bush on the card roller
fixing, which bush covers part of the axle and the neck, but these bushes are
found very objectionable when the rollers have to be removed from the carding
engine for grinding or other purposes. Now, my Invention consists in con-
structing the fixing or bearing with a projection extending from the bend to
the end of the roller, and with a hinged lid which covers the end of the axle
and the neck of the roller, thus preventing the accumulation of fibres as above
described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Gerrard Fitton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 13th December 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
GERRARD FITTON, of the City of Manchester, Machinist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edward Gerrard Fitton, Her special license that I, the said Edward
Gerrard Fitton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Edward Gerrard Fitton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO CARDING ENGINES," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Gerrard Fitton, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Gerrard Fitton do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement (that is to say):-
My improvements relate to the bearings or fixings of the working rollers
and clearers used in carding engines for carding cotton and other fibrous
substances.
My Invention consists in so constructing the said bearings or fixings that
the axles and necks of the said rollers and clearers will be covered, thus pre-
venting the accumulation of fibres on the axles of the rollers. By this means
waste is avoided, and the labor of removing such fibres when they accu-
mulate is economised. Hitherto it has been usual for a part of the axle of
the rollers between the bend and the end of the roller to remain uncovered,
and on this uncovered part the fibres accumulate, thus causing waste and loss
of time. Means have been adopted to prevent this by placing a bush in the
card roller fixing, which bush covers part of the axle and the neck, but these
bushes are found very objectionable when the rollers have to be removed from
the carding engine for grinding or other purposes. Now, my Invention con-
sists in constructing the fixing bearing with a projection extending from
the bend to the end of the roller, and with a hinged lid which covers the end
of the axles and the neck of the roller, thus preventing the accumulation of
fibres as above described.
The accompanying Drawing illustrates the mode of carrying my Invention
into operation.
Figure 1 is an edge view of the bearing with the end of the roller to be
supported; and Figure 2 is a front view of the same.
a is the plate of the fixing or bearing, which is bolted in the usual manner
to the bend of the carding engine; to the top of the plate a is cast the pro-
jection 6, extending from the bend to the end of the roller c; to the top of
the plate a is also cast the projection d forming part of the hinge of the lid e,
which lid when closed covers the axle and neck of the roller. By this means
the loose fibres are excluded from the axle or bearing, consequently the waste is
prevented, and the time heretofore spent in removing the fibres is economized,
the rollers are also capable of being removed from their bearings with as much
facility as when supported in bearings of the ordinary construction, as in
removing the rollers from the carding engine for grinding or other purposes,
the lids are opened as shown by dotted lines in Figure 2.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, I declare that I claim, the improved mode of con-

page_text: structing the bearings of the working rollers and clearers of carding engines
as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Gerrard Fitton, have hereto set
my hand and seal, the Tenth day of December One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-four.
EDWARD GERRARD FITTON. (L.S.)