Improvements in Twin and other Multiple Screw Bolts or Fastenings.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Aug., 1887
Complete Left, 15th May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 6th July, 1888
Improvements in Twin and other Multiple Screw Bolts or
Fastenings.
I, FREDERICK JOHN TALBOT of Ranmoor Park, Sheffield, in the County of York,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
•
Heretofore twin bolts have been made by bending a length of metal into the form
of a staple and cutting a thread on each bolt or shank thereof; this form of bolt
however was found to be defective on account of the absence of sufficient bearing
surface at the head of each bolt or shank, in order to cure this defect twin bolts have
been made by first bending a length of metal into the form of a staple and then
placing it between successive dies or moulds in which the staple was submitted to
pressure so as to form the cross bar with a suitable head or bearing surface at the
head of each shank or bolt; it has also been proposed to manufacture a twin bolt or
fastener by tapping two holes in a plate with left hand screw threads and then
screwing a bolt firmly in each of such tapped holes said bolts being formed with
ordinary right hand threads at their ends and with left hand threads close up to their
heads to screw into the aforesaid plate. This last method of manufacture is difficult
and costly to carry into effect.
According to my present invention I also form the bolts or shanks and the con-
necting or cross bar of separate pieces of metal but instead of screwing such parts
together I adopt the following method of working.
I form the cross bar of any suitable outline and either of the same substance and
width from end to end or with the intermediate or central part thereof of less
substance in either width or thickness or in both width and thickness than the ends;
in some cases this cross bar or plate is formed with a central depression to receive
the depression of a transverse metal sleeper.
While the metal is hot I punch a hole in each end of this cross bar or plate and I
form the punch with a conical or other shaped enlargement so that on the completion
of the traverse of the punch through the metal either an oval hole or a square or
other shaped hole is formed with an enlargement or recess at its upper end. I form
the bolts or shanks with enlargements thereon to fit the aforesaid holes a short

page_text: distance from the ends at which the heads are to be formed so that when placed in
position in the plate or cross bar, the said ends shall project a short distance beyond
the plate; thus when the parts are placed in a press with the enlargements of the
bolts or shanks and the cross bar or plate resting on the bed of the press, the said
ends of the shanks or bolts will stand up above such plate or cross bar, then by the
action of a die such projecting ends will be forced down tightly on to the plate or
cross bar thus forming heads on the bolts or shanks and securely connecting the parts
together.
In some cases I make the shanks or bolts adjustable in the plate or cross bar by
forming elongated holes or slots in the latter to receive the bolts or shanks and by
placing a washer over the projecting end of each bolt or shank so that when tho die
acts to fix the latter in the plate or cross bar the washers shall lie between the shank
or bolt heads and the plate or cross bar.
If desired more than two bolts or shanks may be fixed in a plate or cross bar in
which case the latter may be of circular or other suitable shape and the bolts or
shanks may be arranged in any desired order.
Dated this 15th day of Annot 1007

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Twin and other Multiple Screw Bolts or
Fastenings.
I, FREDERICK JOHN TALBOT of Ranmoor Park, Sheffield, in the County of York,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
Heretofore twin bolts have been made by bending a length of metal into the form
of a staple and cutting a thread on each bolt or shank thereof; this form of bolt how-
ever was found to be defective on account of the absence of sufficient bearing surface
at the head of each bolt or shank; in order to cure this defect, twin bolts have been
made by first bending a length of metal into the form of a staple, and then placing it
between successive dies or moulds, in which the staple was submitted to pressure, so
as to form the cross bar with a suitable head or bearing surface at the head of each
shank or bolt; it has also been proposed to manufacture a twin bolt or fastener by
tapping two holes in a plate with left hand screw threads, and then screwing a bolt
firmly in each of such tapped holes, said bolts being formed with ordinary right hand
threads at their ends, and with left hand threads close up to their heads, to screw into
the aforesaid plate. This last method of manufacture is difficult and costly to carry
into effect.
According to my present invention I also form the bolts or shanks and the
connecting or cross bar of separate pieces of metal, but instead of screwing such parts
together, I adopt the following method of working.
I form the cross bar of any suitable outline and either of the same substance and
width from end to end, or with the intermediate or central part thereof of less
substance, in either width or thickness, or in both width and thickness, than the ends;
in some cases this cross bar or plate is formed with a central depression to receive the
depression of a transverse metal sleeper.
While the metal is hot, I punch a hole in each end of this cross bar or plate, and I
form the punch with a conical or other shaped enlargement, so that on the completion
of the traverse of the punch through the metal, either an oval hole, or a square or
other shaped hole, is formed with an enlargement or recess at its upper end. I form
the bolts or shanks with enlargements thereon to fit the aforesaid holes a short
distance from the ends at which the heads are to be formed, so that, when placed in
position in the plate or cross bar, the said ends shall project a short distance beyond
the plate; thus, when the parts are placed in a press with the enlargements of the
bolts or shanks and the cross bar or plate resting on the bed of the press, the said ends
of the shanks or bolts will stand up above such plate or cross bar, then, by the action
of a die, such projecting ends will be forced down tightly on to the plate or cross bar,
thus forming heads on the bolts or shanks and securely connecting the parts together.
In some cases I make the shanks or bolts adjustable in the plate or cross bar by
forming elongated holes or slots in the latter to receive the bolts or shanks, and by

page_text: placing a washer over the projecting end of each bolt or shank, so that when the die
acts to fix the latter in the plate or cross bar, the washers shall lie between the shank
or bolt heads and the plate or cross bar.
If desired more than two bolts or shanks may be fixed in a plate or cross bar, in
which case the latter may be of circular or other suitable shape, and the bolts or
shanks may be arranged in any desired order.
My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in all the figures of
which like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
One form of my improved twin bolt is shown in longitudinal section at Figure 1.
Figure 2 is a plan of the connecting plate or cross bar a thereof separately, and
Figures 3 and 4 are respectively an elevation, and a plan or end view of one of the
bolts 6 before its application to the connecting plate or cross bar a.
In this form of twin bolt, the bolts or shanks b are formed with curved enlarge
ments b¹ at a short distance from the ends at which the heads-are-to-be formed, such
enlargements being formed to extend on two opposite sides of the bolt or shank, and
to taper down to a circular form at the point to which the head, when formed, will
reach. The connecting plate or cross bar a is formed with holes a¹, as before
described, to fit the enlargements b¹ on the bolts or shanks b.
Figures 5, 6 and 7 represent respectively a side view, a cross section, and a hori-
zontal section through a rail joint, showing the fish plates c secured to the rails d by
means of twin bolts such as that shown at Figures 1 to 4.
Figures 8 and 9 represent respectively a longitudinal section of another form of
twin bolt, and a plan of the connecting plate or cross bar thereof. In this case I form
the bolts or shanks with a circular flange or enlargement 6', and with a square neck a
on the head side of such enlargement 61, the connecting plate or cross bar a being
formed with circular recesses a¹ and square holes a² to receive the corresponding
parts 1, 3, of the bolts or shanks b; the connecting plate or cross bar is also shown
with the central or intermediate part a³ narrower and thinner than the ends.
Figures 10 and 11 represent respectively a longitudinal section of another form of
twin bolt, and a plan of the connecting plate or cross bar thereof. In this case the
shanks or bolts bare formed with an angular enlargement 61 extending only on one
side thereof and the connecting plate or cross bar a is formed with holes a¹ of corre-
sponding shape, whilst it is also formed with its central or intermediate part a³
narrower and thinner than the ends and depressed to receive the depression of a
transverse metal sleeper.
Figures 12 and 13 are respectively a cross section and a plan showing a rail d
secured in position in the depression e¹ of a metal sleeper e by a twin bolt such as that
shown at Figures 10 and 11.
Figure 14 represents a longitudinal section of a plate a provided with four bolts >>
of a similar character to those shown at Figures 10 and 11, and which will serve the
purpose of a fish plate as shown at Figure 15.
Figures 16, 17 and 18 represent respectively a plan partly in section, a cross
section, and a side or edge view partly in section of a twin bolt in which the shanks
or bolts are adjustablo in the connecting plate or cross bar a; the bolts or shanks b
are formed in a similar manner to those shown in Figure 8, except that the enlarge-
ment is made square instead of round; the connecting plate or cross bar a is formed
with recesses a¹ and elongated holes or slots a² to receive the enlargements 6 and the
square necks 6 of the bolts or shanks b and a washer f is placed over the projecting
end of each bolt or shank so that when the die acts to form the heads 6 to the bolts
or shanks b and thereby fix the latter in the plate or cross bar a, the washers shall lie
between the shank or bolt b and the connecting plate or cross bar a as shown.
Figures 19 and 20 represent respectively a section and a plan of a multiple bolt
consisting of four bolts or shanks 6 connected to a circular connecting plate a in a
similar manner to that described with respect to Figures 10, 11 and 12. One méthod
of using the multiple bolt shown at Figures 19 and 20 is represented at Figures 21
and 22, which are respectively a plan and a cross section of a rail d connected to a
longitudinal sleeper e by means of such multiple bolt.

page_text: Figure 23 represents a multiple bolt in which three bolts or shanks b are connected
to a plate a in a similar manner to that represented at Figures 10, 11, 12, 19 and 20,
and Figure 24 represents a plan of a rail d connected to a longitudinal sleeper e by
means of such multiple bolt and Figure 25 represents a cross soction of a rail & con-
nected to a longitudinal sleeper e by means of a multiple bolt such as that shown at
Figures 16, 17 and 18.
It is evident that any desired number of bolts or shanks may be connected to a
connecting plate or cross bar in the manner herein shown and described and that the
shape of the connecting plate or cross bar may be varied as may be required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention'
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The manufacture of twin and other multiple bolts, substantially in the manner
herein shown and described.
2. The manufacture of twin and other multiple bolts by forming enlargements on
the shanks of the bolts and correspondingly shaped holes in the connecting plates or
cross bars and then connecting them together simultaneously with, and by the process
of forming, the heads of the bolts substantially as herein shown and described.
3. The manufacture of twin or multiple bolts with adjustable shanks or bolts sub-
stantially as herein shown and described.
FREDERICK JOHN TALBOT.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings,
Agents.