AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR THE COATING AND PRESERVATION OF CANVASS AND OTHER MATERIALS TO MAKE THEM WATER- PROOF AND NON-INFLAMMABLE
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ellis Lever, of the City of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Manufacturer of Colliery Brattice Cloth and Flexible
Tubing, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR THE COATING
AND PRESERVATION OF CANVASS AND OTHER MATERIALS TO MAKE THEM WATER-
PROOF AND NON-INFLAMMABLE."
Sealed the 18th September 1868, and dated the 19th March 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ellis Lever at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th March 1863.
I, ELLIS LEVER, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturer of Colliery Brattice Cloth and Flexible Tubing, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR
THE COATING AND PRESERVATION OF CANVASS AND OTHER MATERIALS TO MAKE THEM
WATERPROOF AND NON-INFLAMMABLE," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a composition or compound of about four parts of
quicklime, one of glue, one of whiting, two of sulphate of ammonia, and two
of alum, dissolved in a sufficient quantity of hot water to make it of a sufficient
consistency for the purpose required, or the material to be operated upon.
The material so coated or preserved will be applicable to the ventilation of
mines where resistance to damp and fire is requisite, to tarpauling. where

page_text: resistance to rain and fire is desirable, and also to many other similar
purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Ellis Lever in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th September 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ELLIS
LEVER, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer
of Colliery Brattice Cloth and Flexible Tubing, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Ellis Lever, Her special license that I, the said Ellis Lever,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Ellis Lever, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED COM-
POSITION POR THE COATING AND PRESERVATION OF CANVASS AND OTHER MATERIALS TO
MAKE THEM WATERPROOF AND NON-INFLAMMABLE," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Ellis Lever, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ellis Lever, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say) :-
This Invention consists of a composition or compound of about four parts
quicklime, three parts glue, three parts whiting, three parts gum arabic, one
part Epsom salts, four parts alum dissolved in a sufficient quantity of water
to make it of a proper consistency for the purpose required, or the material
to be operated upon. The material so coated or preserved (having been pre-

page_text: viously saturated in a solution of sulphate of ammonia) will be applicable to
the ventilation of shafts or mines where resistance to fire and damp is requisite,
to tarpaulins for the roofing of sheds, and coverings in any form where
resistance to rain and fire is desirable, and also to many other similar
purposes.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that I claim, the improved composition for the coating and preser-
vation of canvass and other materials to make them waterproof and non-
inflammable as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ellis Lever, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
Signed, sealed, and delivered, by the
within-named Ellis Lever, in the
presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
ELLIS LEVER. (LS.)

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Wilde, of the City of Manchester, Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM
BOILERS."
Sealed the 18th September 1863, and dated the 19th March 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Wilde at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
19th March 1863.
e
I, HENRY WILDE, of the City of Manchester, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in a method of constructing steam boilers by which
the peculiar kind of corrosion known as "furrowing" is greatly diminished or
entirely prevented.
This furrowing, as is well known, occurs in the immediate vicinity of a
seam of rivets and near the edges of the angle iron which joins the ends to
the shell of the boiler, and also in other parts where one piece of iron in a
state of vibration and tension is in contact with another piece, either in its
normal condition or in an unequal state of vibration and tension.
In the boilers constructed according to my improvements a fillet or band of
thin sheet copper or other suitable metal, with holes punched in it corre-
sponding with those in the boiler plates, is placed between the joints formed
by the plates, or plates and angle iron overlapping each other, and is rivetted
between them by the same rivets which hold the plates together. This
filletting or band extends the whole length of the seams of rivets, and is made

page_text: of such a width as to extend beyond the joints in the interior of the boiler,
and overlaps those parts of the plates where the furrows are usually found.
Instead of placing a fillet of copper between the plates, as above described,
the iron may be coated with copper or its alloys by any of the well-known
methods for the purpose of producing the same result.
The above improvements are also applicable to boilers made of steal natas
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said llenry Wilde in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th September 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
WILDE, of the City of Manchester, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Henry Wilde, Her special license that I, the said Henry
Wilde, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Henry Wilde, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM BOILERS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Henry Wilde, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Wilde, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say) :-
The nature of my Invention consists in a method of constructing steam
boilers by which the peculiar kind of corrosion known as furrowing is greatly
diminished or entirely prevented.

page_text: And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed to describe the means pursued by me, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawing and to the letters marked thereon.
It is well known that this furrowing occurs in the immediate vicinity of
a seam of rivets and near the edges of the angle iron which joins the ends to
the shell of the boiler, and also in other parts where one piece of iron in a
state of vibration and tension is in contact with another piece, either in its
normal condition or in an unequal state of vibration and tension.
In constructing boilers according to my improvements a fillet or band of
thin sheet copper or other suitable metal marked a, having holes punched
through it corresponding with those in the boiler plates b, b, is placed between
the plates 6 and the angle iron c, and between the end plate d and angle iron c,
and also between the plates where they overlap each other to form the trans-
verse and longitudinal seams. The fillets or bands are held by the rivets
securing the joints, and they are of sufficient width to extend beyond the
joints in the interior of the boiler, and to overlap or cover those parts of the
plates where the furrows are usually formed.
Instead of placing a fillet of copper or other suitable metal between the
plates, as above described, the boiler plates may be coated with copper or its
alloys by any of the well-known methods for the purpose of producing the
same result.
The above improvements are also applicable to boilers made of steel plates.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, I claim the placing of a fillet or band of copper or
other suitable metal between the joints formed by the overlapping of the
plates, or between the plates and angle irons, and allowing the said fillet or
band of metal to extend beyond the joints in the interior of the boiler, in the
manner and for the purpose herein described; and I also claim for the same
purpose the coating of boiler plates at or near the seams with copper or other
suitable metal.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Wilde, have hereto set my hand
and seal, this Twelfth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.