Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Aug., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 18th June, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 18th Sept., 1888
I, THOMAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS, of 5 Carlton Road, Hornsey, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has reference to lamps or apparatus constructed with inverted burners
and so arranged that air for supporting combustion has its temperature raised on its
way to the flame by contact with surfaces heated by the escaping hot gases and
products of combustion. This general type of lamp is well known under the name of
regenerative or recuperative lamps, such lamps having been shown and described,
inter alia, in the specification of Letters Patent granted to William Clark No. 3015
dated 1st December, A.D. 1863, in one of which an inverted burner of the Argand
type is employed. Now according to my invention, in lamps of the kind referred to,
an inverted burner of the Argand type is employed in combination with an air heating
chamber and concentric nozzles or conical pipes or divisions in such a manner that not
only is the air heated on its way to the flame or flames in a manner resembling that in
which air is heated on its way to the flames in lamps as described and claimed in the
specification of former Letters Patent granted to me the 21st January 1885, No. 883,
but also some of the air is caused to impinge upon the gas in an angular and downward
direction so that there is a tendency to focus whilst other air descending through the
central part of the burner tends to give an outward direction to the flame, and
the arrangement is such that an efficient light can be produced without the use of a
button such as is used in some regenerative or recuperative lamps, thereby simplifying
the construction of the lamp, and obviating the large dark circle in the centre of the
flame that obtains when a button is used.
The concentric nozzles pipes or annular divisions can with advantage be in the form
of inverted truncated cones depending from a perforated plate or partition, the whole
forming an air heating chamber, or part of an air heating chamber. Such an air
heating chamber may be built up or constructed substantially in the manner described
and shown in the specification accompanying my application for Letters Patent filed

page_text: the 13th day of January 1887 No. 579 in order that it and the burner proper, which
is in such a case also carried by the said plate or partition, may be removable together
from the gas and air supplies without taking apart the constituent pieces. Or the
perforated plate may be in one piece and be provided with annular ribs, projections,
or flanges to which the concentric nozzles, pipes, or annular divisions are secured in
any convenient manner, it may be by beading or compressing them within such ribs,
projections, or flanges, or by screws, or both. To the said perforated plate or partition
are or may be also secured a gas box or chamber to carry the Argand burner and a
nipple or casting for securing the whole to the gas supply pipe. The Argand burner
may be of various forms; for instance, it may be a series of tubes arranged in a circle
and a short distance apart, or it may have the form of an annular chamber perforated
at its lower end and connected to the gas box or supply by tubes.
There is a guard to prevent air entering the central space in the burner at the lower
part thereof, and there is a nozzle-like guide or deflector to direct gas to a focus:
these parts may be in one piece.
It is convenient to make the gas box removable from the plate or partition that
carries it, and to so construct it that it shall serve to separate dust or dirt from the
gas before it enters the burner proper; also to provide a receptacle for collecting such
dust or dirt or scale from the gas pipe. The tubes constituting the Argand burner
(when it is formed of tubes) or those which connect the burner with the gas box, may
be caused to project above the bottom of such box with a like object.
Improved air heating chambers such as hereinabove described can be used in
conjunction with various forms of burners, and although it is advantageous to dispense
with a button as hereinabove mentioned, yet I do not limit my invention to lamps in
which no button is employed. Apparatus according to my invention may be con-
structed for heating purposes, or for both lighting and heating. Two or more burners
may occupy a common combustion chamber, and these burners can be arranged in
connection with a common regenerative or air heating chamber.
Dated this 18th day of August 1887
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant."

page_text: I, THOMAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS, of 5 Carlton Road, Hornsey, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention has reference to lamps or apparatus constructed with inverted burners
and so arranged that air for supporting combustion has its temperature raised on its
way to the flame by contact with surfaces heated by the escaping hot gases and
products of combustion. This general type of lamp is well known under the name of
regenerative or recuperative lamp, such lamps having been shown and described
inter alia in the specification of Letters Patent granted to William Clark No. 3015
dated 1st December A.D. 1863 in one of which lamps an inverted burner of the
Argand typo is employed. Now according to my invention, in lamps of the kind
referred to, an inverted burner of the Argand type is employed in combination with an
air heating chamber having concentric nozzles or conical pipes or divisions in such a
manner that not only is the air heated on its way to the flame or flames in a manner
resembling that in which air is heated on its way to the flames in lamps as described
and claimed in the specification of former Letters Patent granted to me the
21st January 1885 No. 883, but also some of the air is caused to impinge upon the
gas in an angular and downward direction so that there is a tendency to focus whilst
other air descending through the central part of the burner tends to give an outward
direction to the flame, and the arrangement is such that an efficient light can be
produced without the use of a button such as is used in some regenerative or
recuperative lamps, thereby simplifying the construction of the lamp, and obviating
the large dark circle in the centre of the flame that obtains when a button is used.
The concentric nozzles, pipes, or annular divisions can with advantage be in the
form of inverted truncated cones depending from a perforated plate or partition, the
whole forming an air heating chamber or part of an air heating chamber. Such an
air heating chamber may be built up or constructed substantially in the manner
described and shewn in the specification accompanying my application for Letters
Patent filed the 13th day of January 1887 No. 579 in order that it and the burner
proper, which is in such a case also carried by the said plate or partition, may be
removeable together from the gas and air supplies without taking apart the constituent
pieces. Or the perforated plate may be in one piece and be provided with annular
ribs, projections, or flanges to which the concentric nozzles, pipes, or annular divisions
are secured in any convenient manner, it may be by beading or compressing them
within such ribs projections or flanges, or by screws or both. To the said perforated
plate or partition are or may be also secured a gas box or chamber to carry the
Argand burner and a nipple or casting for securing the whole to the gas supply pipe.
The Argand burner may be of various forms, for instance it may be a series of tubes

page_text: arranged in a circle and a short distance apart, or it may have the form of an annular
chamber perforated at its lower end and connected to the gas box or supply by
tubes.
.
There is a guard to prevent air entering the central space in the burner by passing
between the tubes at the lower part thereof, and there is a nozzle-like guide or
deflector to direct gas to a focus; these parts may be in one piece.
It is convenient to make the gas box removable from the plate or partition that
carries it, and to so construct it that it shall serve to separate dust or dirt from the
gas before it enters the burner proper, also to provide a receptacle for collecting such
dust or dirt or scale from the gas pipe. The tubes constituting the Argand burner
(when it is formed of tubes) or those which connect the burner with the
gas box may
be caused to project above the bottom of such box with a like object.
Improved air heating chambers such as hereinabove described can be used in con-
junction with various forms of burners, and although it is advantageous to dispense
with a button as hereinabove mentioned, yet I do not limit my invention to lamps in
which no button is employed. Apparatus according to my invention may be con-
structed for heating purposes or for both lighting and heating. Two or more burners
may occupy a common combustion chamber and these burners can be arranged in
connection with a common regenerator or air heating chamber.
In the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings,
Fig. 1 is a vertical section illustrating an air heating chamber combined with a
burner of Argand type according to this invention.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section illustrating a modified form of Argand burner.
Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate in vertical section and sectional plan respectively a modified
construction.
In Fig. 1, the air heating chamber comprises a series of concentric nozzles, pipes or
annular divisions 1 in the form of inverted truncated cones combined with an Argand
burner composed of a ring of tubes 2. 3 is a perforated plate or partition, which in the
example shown is cast in one piece with downwardly projecting ribs or flanges 4 to
which the nozzles, pipes, or divisions 1 are secured by beading or otherwise as herein-
before mentioned: 5 is a nipple or casting provided with a flange or screwed collar 5ª
that screws into the plate or partition 3. By means of this nipple or casting the air
heating chamber and attached burner may be readily secured to a gas supply pipe and
to an air supply pipe or chamber in the manner described in my former specification
No. 579 of 1887 hereinbefore referred to. 6 is a box screwed into the flange or
collar 5 of the nipple or casting 5 with which it forms a gas box or chamber; it is
formed with a tubular part or pocket 7 for the collection of dust and dirt separated
from the gas supplied to the burner and scale from the gas pipe, and serves to carry
the tubes 2 constituting the Argand burner as shown. To facilitate the separation of
the dust and solid matters from the gas and thereby prevent choking of the Argand
burner, the under side of the nipple or casting 5 is formed with a downwardly pro-
jecting flange or tube 8 that causes gas flowing to the burner to first pass downward
into the pocket 7 and afterwards to rise before entering the tubes 2. These tubes are
arranged to project above the bottom of the gas box or chamber to further facilitate
the separation of the dust or solid matters.
With the form of burner shown, air is admitted both to the centre and to the
exterior of the gas flame or flames. 9 is a guard surrounding the lower ends of the
pipes 2; it serves to prevent air passing to the central space 10 within the Argand
burner at the lower part thereof and 11 is a nozzle like guide or deflector to direct
the issuing gas to a focus. The parts 9 and 11 may be in one piece as shown.
The air admitted to the inner space 1 of the air heating chamber passes between
the tubes 2 to the central space 10 and issuing thence tends to give an outward
direction to the flame; whilst the air admitted to the outer spaces 1b is caused on
issuing thence to impinge upon the gas in an angular and downward direction so that
there is a tendency to focus it.
By making the gas box 6 and attached burner to screw to the casting 5 as shown,
they may be readily removed from the air heating chamber for cleaning purposes.

page_text: In Fig. 2 the Argand burner is in the form of an annular gas chamber of the
ordinary kind, perforated at the bottom and connected to the gas box or chamber 6
by pipes as shewn. Each nozzle, pipe or division 1 instead of being formed as part
of a single truncated cone, may be further bent inward at its lower end so as to form
part of another cone.
In Figs. 3 and 4 the conical nozzles, pipes or annular divisions 1 are each formed
with or carried by a perforated ring like flange or extension 12 that is provided with
an upwardly extending flange 13.
The nozzles, pipes, or divisions are secured in position below the perforated plate 3
by a tube 15, which is formed with a flange 16 to support the lowest ring like flange
or extension 12 (which is not porforated) and is arranged to screw into a rib or
flange 3 on the plate 3. This construction admits of the nozzles pipes or divisions
being readily secured together and taken apart when desired. The pocket 7 in this
arrangement is cast in one piece with the plate 3. The guard 9 is secured within the
ring of tubes 2 and the guide or deflector 11* is arranged to deflect gas issuing from
the burner, in an outward direction. The guide or deflector instead of being made
conical as shown in full lines may be of curved form as indicated in dotted lines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. My improved combinations and arrangements of parts of gas lamps as herein-
above respectively described with reference to Fig. 1, to Fig. 2 and to Figs. 3 and 4
of the drawings annexed, whether with or without the pocket 7.
2. In an inverted Argand burner of the kind illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the guide
or deflector 11 applied as shown, whether with or without the guard 9.
3. In an inverted Argand burner of the kind illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, the guido
or deflector 11 applied as shown and illustrated.
Dated this 19th do of Anvil1 1000