IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF BUFFERS AND BREAKS TO VEHICLES TRAVELLINO ON ORDINARY ROADS
Year: 1884

page_text: We GEORGE BAILYE RICHARDS of 68 Sandbrook Road, Stoke Newington
Journalist and ALFRED SPENCER of 158 Queen's Road, Dalston Engineer both
in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF BUFFERS AND BREAKS TO VEHICLES
TRAVELLINO ON ORDINARY ROADS, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the saving of life and property through collisions and
other accidental causes by the application of buffers and break power to the poles
or other parts of road vehicles. At the present time a fruitful source of injury to
persons and property lies in the fact that when the existing pole of a vehicle
strikes an object such object receives the whole weight of such vehicle together
with the additional impact of the rate at which the vehicle is moving.
To prevent or mitigate this source of accident is the object of this Invention,
which consists in providing the protruding end or ends of the carriage pole shafts
or other convenient part or parts of the vehicle with a yielding buffer which is
supported by and capable of collapsing or sliding in or on such pole or other
exposed part of the vehicle.
The said buffer may be applied simply to the end of the pole or other exposed
protruding part of the vehicle and may be composed of a simple pad of india rubber
or of a disc and shaft sliding in a hollow or tubular space formed in the pole itself
acted on by a coiled or other form of spring which in the event of the disc or
buffer coming into collision with any object such disc will compress the said spring
and yield so as to break the force of the impact and prevent what otherwise might
result in a loss of life or destruction of property.
A further improvement consists in adapting to the carriage pole whether solid or
tubular a means whereby the yielding of the buffer or pole when coming into
contact with any object will through the interposition of a spring and levers
instantly apply a break to the periphery of the carriage wheels for example when
the pole is solid it is so mounted that when its buffer receives a thrust inwards the
pole compresses a spring and forces back an arrangement of levers which apply a
break to the wheels or such levers may be actuated for applying the break by their
connection with a rod terminating in a buffer such rod being supported by and
sliding in or alongside the hollow pole of the carriage. When the poles of carriages

page_text: are solid and inade to slide a pin or sliding bolt under the control of the driver is
so arranged that it can be shot into a recess formed in the fixed supports of the
pole and so lock or prevent the shaft sliding at those times when it is necessary to
"back" the vehicle this application of the bolt is only necessary when the carriage
pole itself is made to slide back. By the application to road vehicles of the buffer
and break herein described it will be seen that in the event of a collision or when a
sudden "pull up" becomes necessary any disastrous consequences to life or property
will be considerably mitigated if not altogether prevented as immediately the
impact or "pull up" takes place the sliding of the pole or buffer spindle gives the
yield necessary for breaking the force of the impact and when the horses are
suddenly pulled up the breaks are at once automatically applied. The arrangement
being such that the break-blocks may be applied to one or more wheels of the
vehicle.
THOMAS WRIGLEY,
36, High Holborn, W.C.,
Agent to the Applicant.

page_text: We GEORGE BAILYE RICHARDS of 68 Sandbrook Road Stoke Newington and
ALFRED SPENCER of 158 Queens Road Dalston both in the County of Middlesex
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
APPLICATION OF BUFFERS AND BRAKES TO VEHICLES TRAVELLING ON ORDINARY
ROADS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to the saving of life and property through collisions or
other accidental causes by the application of buffers and brake power to the
poles or other parts of road vehicles. At the present time a fruitful source of
injury to persons and property lies in the fact that when the existing pole of a
vehicle strikes an object such object receives the whole weight of such vehicle
together with the additional impact of the rate at which the vehicle is moving.
To prevent or mitigate this source of accident is the object of this Invention
which consists in providing the protruding end or ends of the carriage pole shafts
or other convenient part or parts of the vehicle with a yielding buffer which is
supported by and capable of collapsing or sliding in or on such pole or other
exposed part of the vehicle.
The said buffer may be applied simply to the end of the pole or other exposed
protruding part of the vehicle and may be composed of a simple pad of india
rubber or of a disc and shaft sliding in a hollow or tubular space formed in the pole
itself acted on by a coiled or other form of spring which in the event of the disc or
buffer coming into collision with any object such disc will compress the said spring
and yield so as to break the force of the impact and prevent what might otherwise
result in loss of life or destruction of property.
A further improvement consists in adapting to the carriage pole whether solid or
tubular a means whereby the yielding of the buffer or pole when coming into
contact with any object it will through the interposition of a spring and levers
instantly apply a break to the periphery of the carriage wheels, for example when
the pole is solid it is so mounted that when its buffer receives a thrust inwards the
pole compresses a spring and forces back an arrangement of levers which apply a
break to the wheels or such levers may be actuated for applying the brake by their
connection with a rod terminating in a buffer which rod is supported by and slides
in or alongside the hollow pole of the carriage.
In order that the Invention may be well understood and explained in detail we
have hereunto annexed a Sheet of Drawings upon which letters of reference are
marked on corresponding parts on all the Figures alike.
:
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents a detached view of the extreme end of a carriage pole
shewing the simplest form of buffer adapted thereto.
Figure 2 represents in elevation that portion of a carriage sufficient for the
purpose of illustrating as an example how our improvements may be applied to
vehicles travelling on ordinary roads.
Figure 3 represents a plan view of the same.
These views show more
particularly the application of our improvements to the solid poles of vehicles or
road carriages.
Figure 4 represents in elevation the application of the improved buffer and brake
of carriages which bave hollow or tubular poles.

page_text: In these Figures A is a buffer the supporting shaft or spindle of which may fit
into a recess or hollow provided with a coiled spring a formed in the end of the
pole 6 as at Figure 2 or such buffer a may form a portion of the pole as shewn at
Figure 1. The pole b is supported in its box or socket c in a manner which will
allow it to slide therein in which case its rear end abuts against a spring d which
is connected by the rods and levers ee with the brake blocks ff or if the pole of
the vehicle be hollow (in which case the pole itself will not slide) the buffer
spindle g acts against the spring d when forced in and so transmits through the
rods and levers e e action to the brakes h. It will thus be seen that in the event of
the carriage pole coming into contact with any abutment or into collision with any
obstacle its buffer will yield and cause either the pole itself to slide inwards (in the
case of movable solid poles) or the buffer spindle (in the case of fixed hollow poles)
the action and thrust of which against the interposing spring d will transmit
motion through the levers e e and so instantly apply the brake blocks h to the
peripheries of the wheels. When the poles of carriages are solid and made to
slide as described and shewn at Figures 2 and 3 a pin or sliding bolt under the
control of the driver is so arranged that it can be shot into a recess formed in the
fixed supports of the pole and so lock or prevent the shaft sliding at those times
when it is necessary to back the vehicle, this application of the bolt is only
necessary when the carriage pole itself is made to slide back as herein described or
the apparatus may be so arranged that when the vehicle is left with the horse any
attempt to go back or move forward on the part of the horse will be immediately
checked as the movement thus given will apply the brakes and so prevent any
removal of the vehicle. By the application to road vehicles of the buffer and brake
herein described it will be seen that in the event of a collision or when a sudden
'pull up" becomes necessary or the driver has occasion to leave the horse any
disastrous consequences to life or property will be considerably mitigated if not
altogether prevented as immediately the impact or independent action of the horse
pull up" takes place the sliding of the pole or buffer spindle gives the yield
necessary for breaking the force of the impact and when the horses are suddenly
pulled up the brakes are at once automatically applied. The arrangement being
such that the brake blocks may be applied to two or more wheels of the vebicle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
"
"
The novel arrangement combination and adaptation to the poles of road vehicles
or to other protruding exposed parts of such vehicles of buffers to be employed
for preventing accidents to such vehicles and their occupants in the event of
collision in the manner as berein substantially described and set forth, and
Secondly. The combination with such yielding buffer or buffers of brakes to be
employed in the manner and for the purpose as herein substantially described set
forth and fully illustrated in the Drawings annexed.
THOMAS WRIGLEY,
36, High Holborn, W.C.,
Agent to the Applicant. 4