An Improved Process for Preparing Paper Stock.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 21st May, 1895-Accepted, 22nd June, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process for Preparing Paper Stock.
We, THOMAS CADWALLADER CADWGAN, of Anderson, in the County of
Madison, and State of Indiana, United States of America, Machinist, and THE
O. S. KELLY Co. of Springfield, in the County of Clark and State of Ohio,
United States of America, a corporation do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
drawings:-
Our invention relates to improvements in methods employed for preparing paper
stock; and the object of our invention is to provide a new process for preparing
paper stock in which the operation of cleaning and preparing the stock is accom-
plished by means of a series of successive operations to which the stock is
subjected in a subdivided state; the operation being a continuous one; the stock
being by our improved process finished up complete ready for the refining process
within the short period of time necessary for it to undergo the successive operations
which make up the process.
Briefly stated, our improved process consists, first, in partially disintegrating or
separating the stock into small quantities and in a continuous manner by the action
of water; second, subjecting the stock thus separated to a rubbing or churning or
grinding or tearing action in the water, and in separating the stock from the water
so as to discharge the stock in the nature of pulp substantially free from water.
Our process further consists in further disintegrating the stock and rewashing
and reseparating it in the manner as will hereinafter more fully appear.
In carrying out our invention, we take the paper stock, that is, straw, rags,
manilla, etc., from any suitable source of supply after the same has passed through
the bleaching tanks. In the condition in which it is thus found it is massed and
tangled together and filled with lime, sand and other impurities. In this condition
we pass it through a trough or conduit, and at suitable intervals in the passage
through this trough or conduit, which is preferably by gravity, we subject the
stock to the action of water discharged through small discharge openings with
considerable force so as to separate and partially disintegrate the stock; the stock
being retained in the trough or conduit and passing through the same by gravity
for further treatment. The trough or conduit is adapted to discharge into a
suitable washing and separating device, which consists preferably of an outer
casing enclosing a revolving rubber or beater having suitable ribs or wipers, which
operate in connection with a screen to further disintegrate and wash the stock and
separate it from the water in which it is contained. We then preferably subject
the stock thus washed and partially disintegrated to the action of disintegrating
rollers, after again mixing it with water, the operation of washing and separating
being repeated to finish the product ready for the refining engine.
In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the devices and means for
carrying out our improved process,
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a device adapted to carry out our invention. Figs. 2
and 3 are sectional views in detail of portions of the same.
Fig. 4 is a plan view in detail of the supporting screen.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the beater or rubber in detail.
Fig. 6 is an elevation, partly in section, of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.
Like parts are represented by similar letters of reference in the several
views

page_text: In the said drawings, a represents a trough or conduit, through which the stock
is discharged by gravity and in which it is subjected to the action of water
discharged under pressure, through suitable nozzles a'. from a water pipe . Any
suitable number of the discharge nozzles a¹ may be employed, each being provided
with a regulating valve a² to control the quantity of water discharged through the
same, and each being preferably provided with a nozzle a³ to direct the water
against the stock. in the opposite direction from which the stock descends so that it
is broken up and partially disintegrated by the action of the water thereon. Any
number of these nozzles and discharge pipes may be employed to accomplish the
necessary separation of the stock.
The water and stock thus intimately mixed together is carried into an outer
casing c, of a substantially cylindrical shape in cross-section but tapered in its
length, the conduit a being adapted to discharge into the small end thereof. In
this casing is a revolving beater or rubber c', having a series of ribs c² and
wipers The wipers are preferably formed of leather, or other flexible
material; and are adapted to project from the tapered cylindrical. rubber or beater c¹
so as to contact with a screen c', which constitutes the bottom of the casing, and
which, is formed in cross-section on the arc of a circle. from the center, of said
rubber, or beater. The upper part of the casing, however, is formed eccentric to
the rubber or beater so that an enlarged space is provided above the rubber.or
beater to form a reservoir. in which the stock is. churned to thoroughly mix; and
further disintegrate the same before it is carried to the screen and eventually
discharged at the end.
The revolving heater is provided, at the enlarged end with a series of blades or
paddles, by which, the stock is lifted and discharged through an opening e' in
the form of a pulp and separated from the water, which passes through the screen c
and out of the bottom of the casing into a suitable discharge trough provided for
the purpose. The outer casing is provided near, the large end with a partition c³,
which extends from the top. downwardly and formed to fit the revolving.cone, or
beater; this partition being formed in the upper part of the casing only, and serving
to prevent the passage.of the stock direct to the lifting blades or paddles c; the
stock being thus retained in the washing chamber cuntil.it is gradually, carried by
the ribs and wipers downwardly and along the screen, whence it is conveyed to
said lifting blades or paddles; the wipers or ribs on the revolving cylinder: being
formed slightly spiral for this purpose...
The stock thus partly disintegrated and washed and free from the water in which
it has been treated, is discharged through the opening e', and passes into a suitable
trough or conduit el, where it is again subjected to the action of a stream of water
discharged from a suitable pipe or nozzle 6' from the water pipe b. The stock is
carried by the action of the water and with the same into a suitable casing, where
it. is subjected to the action of a series of disintegrating rolls dd'd, which are
preferably, ribbed or corrugated on their outer peripheries and adapted to operate
in connection with opposing, concaves e e¹ e².. An additional quantity of water is
supplied between each disintegrating operation through suitable pipes 6266, the
stock being finally discharged through a suitable discharge opening ³, into a second
washing.device f, formed substantially the same as the one previously described,
except that a screen of smaller mesh is preferably provided to prevent the disin-
tegrated stock from passing through the same. From this final rubbing and
washing process the stock is discharged thoroughly prepared, and washed for the
refining engines:...
If desired, the last process may be dispensed with, though this operation will
generally be found desirable after the stock is thoroughly disintegrated by the
action of the rolls, as described....
It will be seen from the above description that we provide a process for finishing
paper stock which is continuous, the stock being thoroughly prepared in a short
time and in any desired quantity by varying the capacity of the apparatus employed
for carrying out the said process. The stock being subdivided is treated more

page_text: uniformly than by the processes heretofore devised, and as each particle is brought
under the influence of the respective operations, a most perfect system of stock
preparation is provided.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
Lion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :
1. The process of preparing paper stock which consists in, first, breaking and
separating the stock by the action of water under pressure; second, washing the
stock by a rubbing process in the water by which it is first treated, and then
screening the stock from the water and discharging it substantially free from the
water, substantially as specified.
2. The process of preparing paper stock which consists in, first, breaking and
separating the stock by the action of water, rubbing and screening the stock so
as to separate it from the water, then disintegrating the stock by successive
grinding or tearing operations while subjected to the action of water, and finally
separating the stock from the water by rubbing the same in contact with a screen,
substantially as specified.
Dated this 20th day of May 1895.
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Chartered Patent Agents,
For the Applicants.