Improvements in Apparatus for Drawing Metals, Alloys, Wires.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Drawing Metals, Alloys, Wires.
I VICTOR JOSEPH GRANDPERRIN, Industrial of Ozano di Bologna, in the Kingdom
of Italy, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR DRAWING METALS, ALLOYS, WIRES, to be as follows:—
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My invention relates to a machine for drawing metals, alloys, wires etc.
It consists principally of a combination of rollers revolving at progressive speeds
and over which the metal, alloy or wire etc: to be drawn is carried by friction in
such a manner as to allow of the simultaneous use of a large number of draw:
plates thereby effecting an important saving of time and labour as compared with
the ordinary processes and considerably reducing the cost of drawing the said
metals, alloys or wires etc.
In the ordinary process of drawing metals the operation is tedious and the cost
very great owing to the great number of times which a bar has to be passed
through various draw-plates before being reduced to a wire-size.
Some attempts have been made at drawing metals simultaneously through a few
draw-plates but they have failed for this reason that the carrying motion of the
wires did not coincide with their diameter and even when they did so correspond
this was not for a long time as the eye of the draw-plate, be the latter made of
steel or of precious stones, increases in dimension through wear and the necessary
co-relation between the speed and the diameter ceased to exist.
In order to obtain the desired result I cause the wire to be drawn to pass
through a succession of draw-plates, between each of which is intercalated a flanged
roller round which the wire is wound once or more; the said rollers being actuated
by an endless chain, band, or rope, or by cogwheels and pignons, and arranged to.
revolve at increasing progressive speeds corresponding to the reduced diameter of
the wire.
The wire is thus carried by friction over all the said rollers, and drawn finer at
each stage being successively reduced in diameter until it reaches the last draw-
plate from which it is wound into coils on a reel made in two parts and provided
with proper slots so that the coil can be tied up before being taken off the reel and
then taken off the said reel without having to be unwound.
The receiving reel I also arrange to open in two parts so as to receive ready
made coils of wire.

page_text: I provide an arrangement of troughs mounted on oscillating supports so as to
regulate their height, and such that the wire to be drawn passes through them in &
continuous manner and is constantly lubricated by the soaped water which they
contain.
The receiving reel receives a lateral motion from a cam so as to wind the drawn
wire in a perfect bobbin.
Improvements in Apparatus for Drawing mo
I VICTOR JOSEPH GRANDPERRIN, manufacturer of Ozano di Bologna in the
Kingdom of Italy do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
The operation of wire drawing, as actually performed, is very tedious and costly.
For example, the drawing of a metal bar of 10 millimeters diameter requires, in
order to reduce it to a diameter of 5 millimeters, not less than 130 operations each
of which takes ten minutes for the large size wires and up to three hours for the
small size (5 millimeters) one.
The result is a bundle of wire weighing 140 ounces.
The cost of working under such conditions must necessarily be considerable as it
entails the employment of a larger staff, more labour, the use of much larger
premises and a more elaborate plant than the system which I am about to
describe.
The drawing of a wire simultaneously through a number of draw-plates has
already been attempted but without success. The cause of failure has been the
difficulty of maintaining the suitable relations between the diameters of the wire
being so drawn and the speed at which it had to be carried through the draw-plates.
. Indeed should these relations exist at the beginning, the wear of the eye of the
draw-plate, be that eye made of tempered steel or precious stone, would in time act
as a disturbing element.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of the machine.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section.
Fig. 3 is the same section but illustrating the drawing of the pulleys by means
of cogwheels instead of an endless chain.

page_text: "The success of drawing wire simultaneously through a number of draw-plates is
due to the mode of propelling the wire by at the same time pulling it and allowing
it to slip and propelling at an increasing rate of speed.
'
The drum illustrated figs. 7. 8. & 9 is made in two parts fitting tightly into each
other and maintained together on the pullies, by means of a key or otherwise.
The two flanges or cheeks of the said drum are provided with notches into which
pieces of wire or of tape can be introduced. When the bundles of wire are of the
required weight, the tapes are tightened round the wire, the drum is taken off the
machine, then parted in two and a regular and ready made bundle of wire is
obtained:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the said is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1° The mode of propelling the wire so that it should travel at a speed
proportionate to the diameter of the eye of the draw-płate through, which it is
passing as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
.
2° The mode of lubricating the wire in a continuous manner whilst it is being
drawn substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
3° The mode of construction of the drums for coiling the wire into bundles and
which allows of the drum with its coil of wire being taken off one machine in
order to be placed upon another and also of the said bundles being freely taken off
their drums and placed on again at will substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated:
4° The mode of coiling the wire into bundles, in a perfectly regular manner and
without any entanglement substantially as herein before described and illustrated.