CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PASTE BOXES AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES IN CHINA OR EARTHENWARE, OR OTHER PLASTIC MATERIALS
Year: 1847

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
RIDGWAY, of Cauldon Place, Staffordshire, China Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-first day of October, in the eleventh year of Her
reign, and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Ridgway, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said John Ridgway, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
and such others as I, the said John Ridgway, my executors, administrators,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PASTE BOXES AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES IN CHINA
OR EARTHENWARE, OR OTHER PLASTIC MATERIALS;" in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso that I, the said John Ridgway, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date

page_text: of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Ridgway, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto annexed, and the following
explanation thereof (that is to say):—
My Improvements in the Manufacture of Paste Boxes and other similar
Articles in China, Earthenware, or other Plastic Materials, apply more
particularly to the manufacture of that class of articles commonly known
among potters by the name of "paste" or "patch" boxes, pomatum and
other pots, jars, short pipes, or tubes, and other articles of a circular, upright, or
nearly upright form, and consist in forming or producing such articles with
moulds and profiles or dies (made of clay, plaster, wood, or other suitable
material), by means of the apparatus well known among potters as the
"jigger," the "throwing wheel," or any ordinary suitable pressing apparatus.
The peculiar construction and application of the moulds, profiles, dies, and
also the application of the pressing apparatus to the manufacture of the said
articles will be better explained and more easily understood by referring to the
Drawing accompanying these Presents, in which my improvements are shewn
(by way of illustration) as applied to the manufacture of an ordinary paste or
pomatum box.
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, are drawn full size, and shew three separate and
distinct methods of manufacturing the above-mentioned articles, by the
use of the "jigger" or the "throwing wheel." Figure 1 is a section of a
mould adapted to form the boxes on the outside. The core a, a, which forms
the interior of the box, is made of potters' clay, and fired, having three or
more air holes b, b, at the base. The lower part c, c, of the mould forms a
projection for the convenience of the workman, and is furnished with an
upper rim or ring d, d (for forming the "verge" or shoulder upon which the
lid or cover of the box when finished rests), and a lower one e, e, for fitting on
to the mouth of the "jigger" or the "throwing wheel." The method of
manufacturing the boxes is as follows:-In the first place the "jigger" or
the "throwing wheel" which carries the core a, a, is caused to revolve during
the whole of the operation, being turned by hand or otherwise. A thin "bat"
of clay or other plastic material is prepared and cut to the requisite size;
this is pressed by hand on to the core or inner mould a, a, and forms the
interior of the box. A further supply of clay or other plastic material is next
put on in the shape of a ball. to give the requisite strength, and the profile f,f

page_text: applied by hand, which will thus form the exterior of the box. This done,
the mould is taken to the drying place, and the box carefully removed. The
cover is made in the same manner, and the box and it are fitted, finished, and
dried in the usual manner.
Figure 2 shews a section of an arrangement of mechanism for forming the
boxes inside the mould. The mould a, a, which forms the side or body of
the box, is made in two pieces (see plan view, Figure 3), and the part b, b,
which forms the bottom of the same, is furnished with a projection c, c, for
fitting on to the mouth of the "jigger" or to the "throwing wheel." The
process is as follows:-A "bat" of clay or other plastic material is prepared
and worked inside the mould; this is afterwards strengthened by additional
clay. The profile d is then applied, and forms the interior of the box; the
sides of the mould are then withdrawn, and the lid or cover fitted; it is
then dried and finished in the ordinary manner.
Figure 4 shews another method of forming the said boxes upon the
"jigger" or the "throwing-wheel." The mould a, a, which is fixed upon the
"jigger" by means of the projecting rim b, b, forms the bottom of the box.
The profile c, c, is for forming the exterior of the box, and is attached to the
rod or lever d, d, which turns on a hinge or joint at e, and may be supported in
any convenient manner. The box is made as follows:-A ball of clay is
placed upon the upper part of the mould a, a, which is brought up by the
hand of the workman. The outside of the box is formed by the fixed profile
c, c, being assisted by the pressure of the working profile ff, which also forms
the interior of the box; or the interior and exterior of the box may be
formed by one profile, as drawn in red lines in Figure 4, and the parts & and e
dispensed with. The cover is made by either of the above methods, and fitted
and finished in the usual manner.
Figure 5 shews the method of forming paste boxes or other similar articles
by the use of the ordinary fly press, and drawn to a scale of about 2 inches
to a foot. In this case the mould is made in four separate parts (see Figures
6, 7, and 8), formed of metal or composition; the first part a forms the
interior of the box; the second part 6 forms the "verge" or shoulder for
supporting the cover; the third part c forms the body or upright part in one
piece; and the fourth part d serves as a base for the whole, and also for the
introduction of the screw e, the head e* of which forms the bottom of the box.
The part a of the mould is fixed to the upper screw f of the press; and the
part 6 is attached to it by the springs g.g, but the mould is kept in its place
and prevented from turning with the said screw by the cross bar h, h, working
in the slides i i. The part of the mould, having air holes or apertures in it,

page_text: is fixed to the bed k, k, of the press, and the part c laid upon it. The clay in
a solid circular form is placed therein, and the screws e and f, being turned
simultaneously, will give the required pressure, and thus the box is formed.
The screws are then turned in the reverse direction, and the upper and lower
parts of the mould being thus withdrawn, the part c is left with the box
in it, which must be carefully removed; and the cover, being made by any
of the foregoing methods, is fitted, dried, and finished in the usual
manner.
Having now described the nature and objects of my said improvements,
and the method of carrying the same into practical effect, I would remark in
conclusion, that I claim as my Invention the methods of manufacturing,
forming, or producing paste boxes, and other similar articles in china and
earthenware, or other plastic materials,―
Firstly, by the application of the above described moulds and profiles
employed in connection with the potters' "jigger" or the "throwing wheel,"
whether the said articles are formed inside or outside the mould, or upon the
"jigger," or the "throwing wheel," by means of two profiles or one double
profile, as shewn at Figure 4 in the Drawing; and,
Secondly, by the application of the metal or composition moulds, shewn
at Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8, in the Drawing, in connection with the screw press
or other suitable pressing apparatus.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Ridgway, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of April, One thousand eight
hundred and forty-eight
Extra' in Chancery.
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid John Ridgway came before our
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And
also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the Twentieth day of April, in the year above written.

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
RIDGWAY, of Cauldon Place, Staffordshire, China Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-first day of October, in the eleventh year of Her
reign, and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Ridgway, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said John Ridgway, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
and such others as I, the said John Ridgway, my executors, administrators,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PASTE BOXES AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES IN CHINA
OR EARTHENWARE, OR OTHER PLASTIC MATERIALS;" in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso that I, the said John Ridgway, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date

page_text: of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Ridgway, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto annexed, and the following
explanation thereof (that is to say):-
My Improvements in the Manufacture of Paste Boxes and other similar
Articles in China, Earthenware, or other Plastic Materials, apply more
particularly to the manufacture of that class of articles commonly known
among potters by the name of " paste" or "patch" boxes, pomatum and
other pots, jars, short pipes, or tubes, and other articles of a circular, upright, or
nearly upright form, and consist in forming or producing such articles with
moulds and profiles or dies (made of clay, plaster, wood, or other suitable
material), by means of the apparatus well known among potters as the
"jigger," the "throwing wheel," or any ordinary suitable pressing apparatus.
The peculiar construction and application of the moulds, profiles, dies, and
also the application of the pressing apparatus to the manufacture of the said
articles will be better explained and more easily understood by referring to the
Drawing accompanying these Presents, in which my improvements are shewn
(by way of illustration) as applied to the manufacture of an ordinary paste or
pomatum box.
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, are drawn full size, and shew three separate and
distinct methods of manufacturing the above-mentioned articles, by the
use of the "jigger" or the "throwing wheel." Figure 1 is a section of a
mould adapted to form the boxes on the outside. The core a, a, which forms
the interior of the box, is made of potters' clay, and fired, having three or
more air holes b, b, at the base. The lower part c, c, of the mould forms a
projection for the convenience of the workman, and is furnished with an
upper rim or ring d, d (for forming the "verge" or shoulder upon which the
lid or cover of the box when finished rests), and a lower one e, e, for fitting on
to the mouth of the "jigger" or the "throwing wheel." The method of
manufacturing the boxes is as follows:-In the first place the "jigger" or
the "throwing wheel" which carries the core a, a, is caused to revolve during
the whole of the operation, being turned by hand or otherwise. A thin "bat"
of clay or other plastic material is prepared and cut to the requisite size;
this is pressed by hand on to the core or inner mould a, a, and forms the
interior of the box. A further supply of clay or other plastic material is next
put on in the shape of a ball, to give the requisite strength, and the profile f,f,

page_text: applied by hand, which will thus form the exterior of the box. This done,
the mould is taken to the drying place, and the box carefully removed. The
cover is made in the same manner, and the box and it are fitted, finished, and
dried in the usual manner.
Figure 2 shews a section of an arrangement of mechanism for forming the
boxes inside the mould. The mould a, a, which forms the side or body of
the box, is made in two pieces (see plan view, Figure 3), and the part b, b,
which forms the bottom of the same, is furnished with a projection c, c, for
fitting on to the mouth of the "jigger" or to the "throwing wheel." The
process is as follows:-A "bat" of clay or other plastic material is prepared.
and worked inside the mould; this is afterwards strengthened by additional
clay. The profile d is then applied, and forms the interior of the box; the
sides of the mould are then withdrawn, and the lid or cover fitted; it is
then dried and finished in the ordinary manner.
Figure 4 shews another method of forming the said boxes upon the
"jigger" or the "throwing-wheel." The mould a, a, which is fixed upon the
"jigger" by means of the projecting rim, b, b, forms the bottom of the box.
The profile c, c, is for forming the exterior of the box, and is attached to the
rod or lever d, d, which turns on a hinge or joint at e, and may be supported in
any convenient manner. The box is made as follows:-A ball of clay is
placed upon the upper part of the mould a, a, which is brought up by the
hand of the workman. The outside of the box is formed by the fixed profile
c, c, being assisted by the pressure of the working profile f,f, which also forms
the interior of the box; or the interior and exterior of the box may be
formed by one profile, as drawn in red lines in Figure 4, and the parts & and e
dispensed with. The cover is made by either of the above methods, and fitted
and finished in the usual manner.
Figure 5 shews the method of forming paste boxes or other similar articles
by the use of the ordinary fly press, and drawn to a scale of about 2 inches
to a foot. In this case the mould is made in four separate parts (see Figures
6, 7, and 8), formed of metal or composition; the first part a forms the
interior of the box; the second part 6 forms the "verge" or shoulder for
supporting the cover; the third part c forms the body or upright part in one
piece; and the fourth part d serves as a base for the whole, and also for the
introduction of the screw e, the head e* of which forms the bottom of the box.
The part a of the mould is fixed to the upper screw f of the press; and the
part b is attached to it by the springs g.g, but the mould is kept in its place
and prevented from turning with the said screw by the cross bar h, h, working
in the slides i, i. The part d of the mould, having air holes or apertures in it,

page_text: is fixed to the bed k, k, of the press, and the part c laid upon it. The clay in
a solid circular form is placed therein, and the screws e and f, being turned
simultaneously, will give the required pressure, and thus the box is formed.
The screws are then turned in the reverse direction, and the upper and lower
parts of the mould being thus withdrawn, the part c is left with the box
in it, which must be carefully removed; and the cover, being made by any
of the foregoing methods, is fitted, dried, and finished in the usual
manner.
Having now described the nature and objects of my said improvements,
and the method of carrying the same into practical effect, I would remark in
conclusion, that I claim as my Invention the methods of manufacturing,
forming, or producing paste boxes, and other similar articles in china and
earthenware, or other plastic materials,-
Firstly, by the application of the above described moulds and profiles
employed in connection with the potters "jigger" or the "throwing wheel,"
whether the said articles are formed inside or outside the mould, or upon the
"jigger," or the "throwing wheel," by means of two profiles or one double
profile, as shewn at Figure 4 in the Drawing; and,
Secondly, by the application of the metal or composition moulds, shewn
at Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8, in the Drawing, in connection with the screw press
or other suitable pressing apparatus.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Ridgway, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of April, One thousand eight
hundred and forty-eight.
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid John Ridgway came before our
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And
also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute in that case, made and provided.
Siam lu
Inrolled the Twentieth day of April, in the year above written.