matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Year: 1885

page_text: We EDWARD CHARLES FREDERICK OTTO of 7 York Grove Peckham in the
County of Surrey Engineer and JOHN FRANCIS PEASGOOD of 17 Stavordale Road
Highbury in the County of Middlesex Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
We reduce the selling price, enhance the value and improve the utility of
ordinary cigarette paper and of the cigarette paper specially to be hereinafter
described by combining therewith advertisements and other useful or interesting
information.
We apply advertisements and other useful or interesting information by pre-
ference to cigarette paper made in bands or rolls at suitable intervals provided
with perforations across for easy detaching and by preference gummed at and over
these places. The tongued edges thus produced when the leaves are torn apart, or
produced in any other suitable manner and made up into cigarettes will ensure
sticking.
On some or all of the leaves we provide advertisements and if desired also other
useful or interesting information. This endless cigarette paper may be rolled up or
if desired be folded up or separated into leaves gummed together in book form and
provided with cover which may also contain advertisements and other useful or
interesting reading matter. When this cigarette paper or other ordinary cigarette
paper provided with advertisements is made up in book form we may in addition
to the advertisements on the cigarette paper provide other advertisements or other
interesting or useful reading matter on ordinary paper bound up therewith.
By reason of the introduction of advertisements such cigarette paper can be sold
at a lower price than ordinary cigarette paper.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
First. The application of advertisements to cigarette paper substantially as
described

page_text: Second. The manufacture of "endless" cigarette paper with perforations across
for parting it and gummed or not at and over the perforated places and provided
with advertisements substantially as described.
Third. The manufacture of cigarette paper books the leaves of which have one or
both edges made with tongues and gummed or not at and over the tongued edges
and provided with advertisements substantially as described.
BREWER & JENSEN,
For the Applicants.
Year: 1885

page_text: inside Hull, and attached to the doors, may open same, while the Ship is running at
any speed, one or both, any width desired for as by slackening the Chains the
Springs will force the doors open a foot and half allowing the water access in the
aperture thus made causing a pressure upon the doors which will open at once, and
require only to be guided by slackening of Chain on Winch.
It is further intended to aid in steering vessels going up winding rivers, as by
opening one door only the vessel can be turned in a very limited space.
The invention is also intended as a safeguard in heavy fogs, vessels may run
at full speed in security having the means at hand to stop short at a few yards if
accident is threatening by collision or otherwise running foul.
The System can also be usefully applied to launching of vessels, head first where
want of space is a consideration.

page_text: pressure upon the Wings or Flaps which will open themselves and require only to
be guided by slackening of Chains on Winch, thus diminishing speed and stopping
the Ship or Vessel.
2nd. It may be used as a safeguard in case of fogs, vessels may run at full speed
in security having the means at hand of stopping short or deviating their course at
a few yards if accident is threatening by collision or otherwise.
3rd. For steering vessels in narrow winding rivers, one Wing or Flap may be
opened, and the vessel will nearly turn on her own bottom.
4th. The system can also be usefully applied to launching of vessels built to be
launched head first where want of space or water is a consideration. .
Dated this 15th day of June 1886. at Marseilles, France.
J. CHAFFAUD.
J. H. KONTER.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN BOOTS AND SHOES to be as follows:-
Year: 1885

page_text: I JOHN STEVENSON of 16 Burnbank Terrace Glasgow Lanarkshire Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN BOOTS AND
SHOES to be as follows:-
I
"
My invention consists in applying to the heels or soles of boots and shoes an
outer layer or thickness of a compound of rubber in admixture with emery
corundum or other hard gritty matter the object being to prevent slipping and
noise in use.

page_text: An Improvement in Boots and Shoes.
I, JOHN STEVENSON, of 16 Burnbank Terrace, Glasgow, in the county of Lanark,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for AN IMPROVEMENT IN
BOOTS AND SHOES, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention consists in applying to the heels or soles, or heels and soles, of
boots and shoes an outer layer or thickness of a compound of Indiarubber, or
Balata, in admixture with emery, corundum, or other hard gritty matter, the object
being to prevent slipping and noise, and to promote ease and comfort in use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The application to boots and shoes of the above stated admixture, or admixtures,
to prevent slipping and noise, and to promote ease and comfort in use.
Dated this Fourth day of Fahnuo 7000
JOHN STEVENSON.
Improvements in the Production of Ornamental Surfaces Applicable for Various Purposes.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in the Production of Ornamental Surfaces
Applicable for Various Purposes.
I, ALBERT OTZ, of 52 Bernard Street, Russell Square, in the county of Middlesex,
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ORNAMENTAL SURFACES APPLICABLE FOR VARIOUS
PURPOSES to be as follows:-
This invention relates to producing surfaces in imitation of wrought metal
applicable for ornamenting the frames of pictures, looking glasses and other articles
also for ornamental printing.
In carrying out my invention the surface to be ornamented or the letters, devices
or ornaments to be printed is or are first prepared by being covered by any suitable
adhesive material for receiving and retaining a coating of sand. The sanded
surface is then prepared with any suitable body color according to the effect
to be produced and over the body color or over parts thereof I apply a layer of
adhesive material and on this adhesive surface I sprinkle what is known as
"metal speckles."
By this means I produce a rusticated metallic surface as the particles of sand
prevent the metal speckles from lying flatwise whereby a spangled and very
effective ornamental surface is produced.
The prepared surfaces may be protected if required by a coating of varnish or
by means of glass.
G. F. REDFERN,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in the Production of Ornamental Surfaces
Applicable for Various Purposes.
I ALBERT OTZ, of 52 Bernard Street, Russell Square in the county of.Middlesex,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to producing surfaces in imitation of wrought metal
applicable for ornamenting the frames of pictures, looking glasses and other articles
also for ornamental printing.
In carrying out my invention the surface to be ornamented or the letters, devices,
or ornaments to be printed is or are first prepared by being covered by any suitable
adhesive material for receiving and retaining a coating of powdered glass. The
glass covered surface is then prepared with any suitable body color according to
the effect to be produced and over the body color or over parts thereof I apply a
layer of adhesive material and on this adhesive surface I sprinkle what is known
as "metal speckles."
By this means I produce a rusticated metallic surface as the particles of powdered
glass prevent the metal speckles from lying flatwise whereby a spangled and very
effective ornamental surface is produced.
The prepared surfaces may be protected if required by a coating of varnish or
by means of glass.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The production of ornamental surfaces in imitation of wrought metal in the
manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Plugs, or BIOCKB.
Year: 1885

page_text: Plugs, or BIOCKB.
We, GEORGE ARTHUR JARVIS of Priors Lee, Shifnal, Salop, Metallurgist and
ALEXANDER EDWIN TUCKER of Priors Lee, Shifnal, Salop Steel Works manager
do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN BESSEMER
AND BASIC CONVERTER BOTTOMS PLUGS & BLOCKS to be as follows:-
We form a Bottom, Plug or Block as is usually understood and used, by casting
molton slag such as Blast Furnace slag or Converter or other Slag in such a manner
round pins or tubes as to produce a perforated bottom, plug, or block which, with
or without annealing or tempering may advantageously be used in the ordinary
way.
GEORGE ARTHUR JARVIS.
ALEX, E. TUCKER.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Steel Converter Bottoms,
Plugs, or Blocks.
We, GEORGE ARTHUR JARVIS of Stafford St. St Georges, Salop, Chemist, and
ALEXANDER EDWIN TUCKER of Holly St. Smethwick, late of Priors Lee, Salop,
Metallurgist, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MANUFACTURE OF CONVERTER BOTTOMS, PLUGS OR BLOCKS and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
We form a bottom, plug or block such as is usually understood and used in
Bessemer or Basic converters for the manufacture of steel, by casting molten slag
round pins tubes or tuyeres in such a manner as to produce a perforated bottom,
plug or block, through which the blast can be driven in the ordinary way.
The slag used may be taken direct from a Blast Furnace or from a Steel
converter when the quantity admits of it, or, where moro convenient, the Blast
furnace or converter slag may be remelted in a cupola and cast from it, or the slag
may be made either by direct fusion of a mixture of various refractory bodies or
the Blast Furnace or converter or other slag may be fused with other bodies which
will produce a material which will not crack on cooling or which will be more
infusible than either the Blast Furnace or other slag when used alone.
We have found that the ordinary casing used in the manufacture of Bottoms by
the usual process of ramming may be advantageously used as a mould for the
inolten slag.
With certain mixtures used for making the slag it will be found desirable to
anneal the plug this may be done by either covering it with earth or ashes or
running it into a stove.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that
what we claim is
Not the use of slag or mixtures of slag and other bodies for ramming bottoms,
plugs or blocks, but the use of these bodies for melting and casting for the purpose
and in the manner substantially as herein described and set forth.
Deted this 11th day of Thalam 1000
GEORGE ARTHUR JARVIS.
ALEX. E. TUCKER.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WIRE FENCES AND IN APPARATUS FOR STRAINING AND FIXING THE WIRES
Year: 1885

page_text: "
I SYDNEY PITT of Sutton in the County of Surrey Gentleman do hereby declare
the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WIRE
FENCES AND IN APPARATUS FOR STRAINING AND FIXING THE WIRES a communi-
cation to me from abroad by William Archibald Murray of Piako, Auckland, New
Zealand and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly,
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object improvements in the construction of wire fences
and in apparatus for straining and fixing the wires.
The apparatus for straining the wires consists of three main parts capable of
sliding the one on the other. On the first part there is a rack and also a hook to'
engage with a chain which can be attached to one of the wires to be strained. The
second part carries a wire clip by which the other wire to be strained can be held
at a short distance from its end. The third part is a lever jointed to the second
part and carrying pawls engaging with the rack teeth of the first part. By
imparting a rocking motion to the lever the pawls operate to slide the other parts'
the one on the other and the wires attached to these parts are strained. The
apparatus for fixing the wires consists of a metal key or bar with notches in the end
and sides. The end notch engages in a loop on one wire and one of the side notches
with a loop on the other wire. The key or bar is then turned so as to bring the
ends of the wires to overlap. The key or bar is then secured in position by a slider
embracing its free end and the adjacent wire.
0
In order that my said invention may be most fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
"
.S
:

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is
1. The process or method herein set forth for the construction of wire fences
consisting in straining the wires by connecting them to parts sliding the one on the
other and operated by a lever and pawls engaging with rack teeth substantially as
described.
2. The process or method berein set forth for the construction of wire fences
consisting in fixing the ends of the wires after straining with metal keys or bars.
having notches engaging with loops at the ends of the wires and which keys or bars
are turned over and then secured substantially as described.
3. The straining apparatus substantially as described and represented at Figure 2.
4. The fixing key or bar substantially as described and represented at Figure 5.
Dated this 11th day of July 1885.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.
Year: 1885

page_text: I RICHARD JAMES DOYLE PARGETER of 10 Cranbourn Street, Leicester Square
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a novel mode of hinging covers or lids to boxes or
frames in order that the cover may be capable of two distinct and separate
movements in opposite directions.
I will describe my invention as applied to an ordinary-rectangular box, reference
being had to the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 being a plan view and Figure 2
a sectional end view of the box, shewing the lid in different positions.
To the opposite ends of the box A, at about the centre of their length, I pivot a
pair of arms C C. The arms C C are of such a length that when folded down
within the box, their ends just reach the back of the box, in which small recesses
are cut for their reception. Upon the ends of the arms C C are hinges, which are
screwed to the lid A¹ of the box A in the manner shewn.
The lid A¹ can then be thrown back to disclose the contents, as shown in Fig. 1,
as if it were hinged in the ordinary way. The lid, however, is also capable of a
tipping movement in the opposite direction, in the manner shewn in Fig. 2, and
may be retained at any required angle in the tipped position by means of a rack a,
upon the under side of the lid A¹ engaging with a pawle or catch a¹ upon the front
of the box.
To return the lid to its flat position, it is only necessary to raise the rack free of
the pawle, and allow the lid to fall of its own weight. It will now be evident
that the mode of mounting covers, as above described with reference to a common
box, may be applied to many articles of furniture, where it is desired to have a
level surface or table, and also an inclined surface or desk.
The same principle is also applicable to garden frames, or even to skylights,
where it is desired sometimes to raise the glass cover slightly, and sometimes to
throw it back entirely.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. Mounting the hinges of lids or covers upon pivotted arms in the manner
shown and described, for the purpose of obtaining movements of the said covers in
opposite directions as set forth.
2. The combination with a cover hinged upon pivotted arms, of a rack and
pawle for retaining the cover in a tipped position substantially as shewn and
described.
Year: 1885

page_text: This soap renders the hardest water soft, and thoroughly clenses linen-without
the destructive agency of the brush cocoa nut oil being free from oleic acid.
The above ingredients are boiled & when cold, are cut up into shavings-put
into a retort and submitted to an atmosphere of strong ammonia gas.-For toilet
5 purposes, the soap is scented as desired.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st I claim the novelty of incorporating ammonia gas into a soap.
2ndly The absence of any oleates, and the cleansing property of ammonia in the
laundry necessitating no scrubbing with brushes.
3rdly The remarkable softness it produces to the skin and the whiteness of the
hands when used. No other soap made having these desiderata.
Door SHIELD OR FINGER PLATE
Year: 1885

page_text: ERNEST EUGENE PITHER 38 Mortimer Street Regent Street London Decorator
& Furniture Maker do hereby declare the nature of my invention for Door SHIELD
OR FINGER PLATE to be as follows:-
A piece of any description of thin metal or other substance cut to an ornamental
shape or plain & bent over to thickness of door connected where protection is
needed from handling & fixed on either side by pins or screws.
ERNEST E. PITHER,
ERNEST EUGENE PITHER 38 Mortimer Street Cavendish Square London Decorator
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for DOOR SHIELD OR FINGER PLATE
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
A thin piece of Iron, Brass or any other metal cut to any size desired & bent to
the thickness of door overlapping each face 3 to 4 inches & affixed by small screws..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
A special way of preserving the extreme edges and thickness of doors where
handled.
Dad thin 10th da
100%
ERNEST EUGENE PITHER.
Year: 1885

page_text: CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Figure 2 is a plan, and
Figure 3 is a transverse section showing a steam boat in which provision is
made for the discharge of smoke into the sea thereby rendering it invisible. The
arrangements here shown are those which I prefer.
The boat is fitted with a boiler A and a fan B. The fan B is driven either by a
small engine for itself or by gearing from the main axle or otherwise. The duty
of the fan B is to suck air through the pipe C and discharge it through the pipe D
into the engine room which is practically air tight. The only escape for the air
thus forced into the engine room is through the ashpit door E whence after passing
the fire bars F and the combustion chamber G and the tubes H it enters the smoke
box K. From the smoke box K there are two directions in which the smoke may
escape. If the valve L be open then the smoke will escape into the atmosphere
through the opening or chimney M but if the valve L be shut then the smoke
must escape through the tubes N into the sea through the openings O which have
shields P. The object of these shields is that their openings being aft when the
boat has a forward motion there is a suction produced in them by the rapidly
passing water and then the fact of their being submerged assists not retards the
draft in the boiler A. It is found also that the gases which are discharged under
the bottom of the boat diminish the resistance to the forward motion of the boat
by skin friction and this is a matter of considerable importance and one of the
main objects I have in view. The smoke which is delivered under water is washed
and so by the time it escapes into the air is invisible.
It is obvious that in place of having the engine room under air pressure the
boiler alone need be connected with the fan and this may be applied to force air

page_text: into the ash pit or to withdraw air from the smoke box and deliver it into the pipe
or pipes N; practically however the arrangements shewn by the drawings are
preferable. The invention is applicable to steam boats of any dimensions.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
(1.) A boat propelled by the combustion of fuel in which the smoke is forced
out below the water line of the vessel and is so rendered invisible.
(2.) A boat propelled by the combustion of fuel having a closed engine room
into which air is forced and from which there is an outlet passing the ignited fuel
and having its mouth below the water line of the vessel so that the smoke in
escaping is washed and so rendered invisible.
(3.) My improvements in torpedo launches and other boats substantially as
herein described.
1007
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.
AN IMPROVED REVOLVING TOOTH-BRUSH
Year: 1885

page_text: I, FREDRIK WILHELM TORNBERG, of Stockholm, in the Kingdom of Sweden,
Watchmaker, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "AN IMPROVED
REVOLVING TOOTH-BRUSH and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
"
This invention relates to an improved tooth brush, by means of which the teeth
may be cleaned as easily on the inner or back side as on the outer side, the brushing
being performed vertically instead of horizontally as heretofore, which latter mode
of brushing has proved injurious to the enamel of the teeth.
In the accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 is an elevation of a brush constructed according to this invention and
adjusted for brushing outsides of the teeth on the left hand side.
Figure 2 is a similar view showing the brush adjusted for brushing the inside of
the teeth.
Figure 3 is a plan and
Figure 4 is an end-view of the said brush.
The brush consists of a handle a in the top of which a shaft b, having at one end
a crank c, is adapted to turn. At the other end of the shaft b is secured a brush d
partly covered by a movable fork-shaped shield e. The latter may be adjusted so
as to cover any particular part of the brush, leaving its remaining surface free.
This adjustment of the shield may be effected in many ways. On the tooth
brush represented in the drawing it is effected by joining one of the two legs f,
pivotted on the shaft b, to one end of a tube g surrounding the said shaft b, which
tube is at the other end provided with some pins h, which may be inserted into any
of the holes i formed in the side of the handle a.
On brushing the outer left side of the teeth, the brush with the casing adjusted
s shown, Figure 1, is brought against the teeth, whereafter the handle a being held
with one hand and the brush pressed against the teeth, the crank o is turned with
he other hand, whereby the brush d is caused to rotate and rub the teeth vertically.
When the inner side of the teeth is to be brushed, the shield is readjusted to the
position indicated in Figure 2, by pressing the finger on its inner leg, whereby the
ube g is pulled back and the pins & pushed out of the holes i. The shield e (while
he pins are still retained in an outward position) is then turned into the position
vanted, after which the leg is released and the pins are allowed to enter the holes

page_text: beneath. The brush is next introduced into the mouth inside the teeth which are
closed on the brush, when the crank is turned as before. The object of the shield ⚫
is to prevent the tongue and the cheeks from coming into contact with the brush
when using the brush.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is
The improved revolving tooth brush consisting of a shaft b turning in a handle a,
and provided at one end with a round brush d partly covered by an adjustable
shield e.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.
ACCESSORY TO SCREW PROPELLER FOR INCREASING SPEED, AND POWERFUL STEERING GEAR AS APPLICABLE TO STEAM SHIPS &c
Year: 1885

page_text: Vessel.
I JOHN WADDINGTON of N° 27 Harrison St Barrow in Furness Lancashire
Pianoforte Dealer and Tuner do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
ACCESSORY TO SCREW PROPELLER FOR INCREASING SPEED, AND POWERFUL STEERING
GEAR AS APPLICABLE TO STEAM SHIPS &c to be as follows:-
Consisting of exterior hinged casing surrounding Screw Propeller capable of
working to sufficient angles for Steering purposes, and torming Rudder to Ship.
The object of the above being to cause the power of water worked from screw
through the casing to be thrown out at angles or in any given direction thus
diverting the power at will in Steering, and forming powerful Rudder.
Dated this 21st day of August. 1885

page_text: their Efficiency and Render them Available for Steering the
Vessel.
I JOHN WADDINGTON late of 27 Harrison Street, now of Waverley Hotel,
Abbey Road, Barrow in Furness, Lancashire, Pianoforte Dealer and Tuner do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for ACCESSORY TO SCREW PROPELLERS
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Consisting of exterior hinged cylinder casing A surrounding Screw Propeller B
capable of working to sufficient angles for steering purposes, and forming rudder to
vessel.
Having now, particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
By virtue of the above invention, being able to cause the power of water
worked from screw through its cylinder casing to be thrown out at angles or in any
given direction, thus diverting the power at will in steering, and forming powerful
rudder, with acceleration of speed to vessel.
therewith for Punching Washers.
Year: 1885

page_text: therewith for Punching Washers.
JOHN WALKER 112 Beeston Road Beeston Hill Leeds Yorkshire Engineer and
JOHN AUSTIN 50 Domestic Street Holbeck Leeds Yorkshire Pork Butcher do
hereby declare the nature of the said invention for PUNCHING WASHERS.
Consists fin an improvement in certain parts of Punching Machines, in the die
being formed so as to form the washer and punch the hole of the washer at one
process.
Further the die has a hole on each side of the Punch made through the bottom
of the die to allowe for a fork to press out the Washer after it has been made.
Further this fork is formed with an head, the size of the Washer and as the ram of
the Punching Machine is drawn back it causes the fork to press against a stud
which is a fixture into the body of the frame and it is necessary oweing to the
aforesaid stud being fixed in the frame to have a long slott hole to allow the ram
to work clear of the stud..
Dated this 2nd day of February 1885
JOHN WALKER
JOHN AUSTIN.

page_text: '
Further the Die has a hole on each side of the punch made through the bottom
of the Die to allowe for a fork to press out the washer, after it has been made,
further this fork is formed with an head the size of the washer and as the ram of
the punching machine is drawn back, it causes the fork to press against a stud
which is a fixture in the body of the frame; and it is neccessary oweing to the
aforesaid stud being a fixture in the frame to have a long slott hole in the ram to
ram to work clear of the stud.
And in order that our invention may be 'fully understood and readily carried
into effect, we will proceed to discribe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings
reference being had to figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure is a side elevation figure 2 is plan figure 3 end section through A B
figure 4 is a detail of the fork (marked f) a is the frame is the eccentric which
gives the pressure for punching the washer and is in position right back full
stroke c is connecting rod attached to the ram d on the end of which is fixed the
Die e the Die having two slott holes through the bottom for the fork f to move
back and punch out the washer when the crank. (b) is right back as shown by
being drawn against the pin g which is a fixture in the bottom of the frame (a)
the ram (d) having a slott hole in the bottom to allowe it to move without coming.
in contact with the pin (g) so when the crank begins the return stroke, there is a
spring which draws the fork inside the Die (e) and makes sure of dropping the
washer after been punched out, the opposite Die i is the shape of the washer and
has a hole in the centre to allow the bits to pass out, which are punched by centre
pink which is part of Die e and thereby punching the washer and hole at one
operation.
Having now particularly discribed and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
1. The Die having holes through the bottom for a fork to pass through to punch
out the washer.
2. A fork having a head on the shape of the article to be punched and
Year: 1885

page_text: I, EDWARD SELDEN TOWNSEND KENNEDY, of the City and State of New York,
United States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to metallic tubes that are closed or headed at one or both
ends; and its object is to provide a headed tube whose head shall offer greater
resistance to pressure from within than do the heads of any headed tubes at present
in market.
The invention consists of a headed tube made by welding a head within the
tube in the usual manner, and then, by crimping. or compressing, tapering or
reducing the extremity of the tube, just beyond the head, to a smaller diameter
than the rest of the tube.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of the speci-
fication, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all
the figures.
Figure 1, is a longitudinal, sectional elevation of a headed tube of my improved
construction.
Figure 2, is a perspective view of the same.
In the drawings A, represents a metallic tube and B, a disc of metal secured in
an end thereof in the usual manner by welding, and forming the head of the tube.
At C, the extremity of the tube, just beyond the head B, is shown reduced both
in exterior and interior diameter by crimping or compression, whereby the outer
diameter is reduced so that the end of the tube can be more readily entered into
the hole designed for it in a boiler tube sheet, and whereby the inner diameter is
reduced so as to offer the greatest desired resistance to the displacement of the
head B, by pressure from within.
The thickness of the walls of the tube is not reduced in the heading, and,
consequently, its strength is not impaired.
The crimping or compression of the extremity of the tube may be effected by
hand tools or by machine power, and the process may be applied to all kinds of
metallic tubes for whatever purposes designed.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
A headed tube substantially as herein shown and described, with its extremity
tapered or reduced in exterior and interior diameter just beyond the head, as and
for the purposes set forth.
RAWINGS
Year: 1885

page_text: We WERNER HEINRICHS and CARL WILDHAGEN both at Blankenburg am Harz
in the Duchy of Brunswick German Empire do bereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
In order to give a greater attaching capacity and a more even surface to the
plastering materials espicially to the mortar of gypsum, lime and cement, we
prepare the boardings in the following, secure and cheap manner.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of our invention. Fig. 2 is a section of Fig. 1. Boards b
of suitable thickness are provided with notches or grooves a, which, as may be seen
by the section of the drawing hereby annexed, form a pointed angle to the level e
of the surface to be plastered, by means of which it is absolutely impossible for the
inaterials forced into the notches to fall down.
By this means it is perfectly superflous to emply hair or other ingredients and
also of wood laths used hitherto for covering surfaces to be plastered.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what, manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
The manufacture and employment of boards provided with notches a, as
boardings for surfaces to be plastered, as shewn and described.
Dated this eighteenth day of August 1885.
JOHN E. WALSH,
Crossley Street, Halifax,
Agent for the Applicants.
Ready Conversion into a Drinkable Beverage.
Year: 1885

page_text: Ready Conversion into a Drinkable Beverage.
I LEOPOLD HAMEL Commission Merchant 42 Basinghall Street E.C. do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for MAKING COFFEE CAPSULES to be as
follows:
I make a pure Coffee Essence (or extract) of a particularly powerful strength,
and a very few drops of same are covered by me by a coating (or covering) of
gelatine, sugar or other similar product simply or combined.
J

page_text: Ready Conversion into a Drinkable Beverage.
I LEOPOLD HAMEL Commission Merchant of 42 Basinghall Street in the City of
London do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My Invention has for its object to provide means whereby extract of Coffee may
be conveniently carried about and used when desired for making a drinkable
beverage. With this object I prepare an extremely strong or concentrated essence
or extract of Coffee by any of the known means of obtaining such an essence or
extract and I take the same in small quantities ordinarily amounting to but a
few drops but not necessarily limited to any precise quantity and I enclose the
said essence or extract in envelopes of, or combine it with, gelatine sugar or other
similar matter simple or combined. These Coffee Capsules containers or holders
can be used for making a beverage by placing them or their contents in hot or
boiling water or other liquid The essence or extract with a proportion of
sweetening material may be simply enclosed in an envelope of gelatine or like
substance to form a capsule which will preserve the essence or extract until it is
required for use or the essence or extract may be compounded with sugar or other
necessary or desired ingredients and be formed into a paste and then into
lozenges or convenient sized pieces for use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is―
Coffee Capsules or means for containing and transporting extract or essence
of Coffee in convenient form for ready conversion into a drinkable beverage sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described.
in Making Iron or Steel Bars. WORKING LIGHT SCRAP IRON OR OTHER MATERIAL
Year: 1885

page_text: ТОГАШ нець Богар поц
in Making Iron or Steel Bars.
ошет Mater
We JAMES WOOLLEY SUMMERS, Iron Master Globe Iron Works Stalybridge, and
TREVELYAN SHARP Manager Bayley St Stalybridge do hereby declare the nature
of our invention for WORKING LIGHT SCRAP IRON OR OTHER MATERIAL to be as
follows:-
In our arrangement we first pass the Light Scrap Iron or other material without
heating it through a pair. of rolls so as to form it into a faggot. We then place the
faggot into a furnace and after getting it to a red heat we pass it through a pair
of rolls connected with the furnace by which means it is rolled into a bar.
JAMES WOOLLEY SUMMERS.
TREVELYAN SHARP.

page_text: Improvements in Working Light Scrap Iron or other Material
in Making Iron or Steel Bars.
We JAMES WOOLLEY SUMMERS, Iron Master and TREVELYAN SHARP, Manager,
Globe Iron Works, Stalybridge in the county of Lancaster, do hereby declare the
nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BARS and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In the working of light scrap it is usual to heat it in a furnace and afterwards
take it to a steam hammer or squeezer and then roll it into a bar. By our
invention we place the iron or steel scrap in the form of a faggot in the furnace
and after being heated it is drawn into one or more pairs of rolls attached to the
furnace By this means the iron or steel faggot does not come into contact with
cold air until it has passed through the rolls and we claim that a superior bar can
be made by our process than by the one commonly in use.
In order that our invention may be thoroughly understood we have attached
hereto a Sheet of Drawings to which reference will be made hereafter.
In the said Drawings Fig. I made to a scale of one inch to a foot represents a
horizontal section of a furnace with rolls attached Fig. II is a vertical section of
the same, and Fig. III shows an elevation of the rolls.
A. A¹ are the rolls.
B is the body of the furnace.
C is the fire grate.
D is a damper to keep the heat from the rolls and exclude air from the furnace
whilst the iron or steel is being heated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
A combination of a furnace and rolls substantially as and for the purpose herein
described.
Year: 1885

page_text: I, CHRISTIAN EMIL BICHEL of 10 Grossbeeren Strasse, Berlin in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention consists in mixing sulphur or sulphuret of carbon and nitrate of
potash with a liquid hydrocarbon, or with a hydrocarbon which can be liquefied,
such as petroleum, brown-coal-tar, vegetable tar, coal-tar and the oils thereof,
benzole, naphtaline, turpentine, rosin oil, and the substances appertaining to these
groups.
In carrying out my invention, I take 10 parts by weight of hydrocarbon and
3 parts of sulphur and mix them together. This mixture is then distilled in a
retort at a moderate temperature, say from 90 to 150° C. As a product of dis-
tillation, a muddy liquid is obtained, which is clarified by washing 8 to 10 times
with water. After the washing, 100 parts of the product are mixed at a moderate
heat, say 40° C, in a water bath with 30 parts of nitrate of potash, and the residue
deposited therein is removed. The explosive oil thus produced may be mixed in
the proportions of rd or th with an absorbent (such as fossil meal, alumina, ashes),
as is done with dynamite, or it may be combined with nitrated, cellulose, or
dextrine, and formed into cartridges, as in the case of gelatinized nitro-glycerine.
The same product may also be obtained by mixing at one time all three
substances, and distilling them together. This process, however, is dangerous,
especially when the sulphur is replaced by sulphuret of carbon, or the first method
described may be carried out cold, by mixing first the nitrate of potash and
sulphuret of carbon, and adding the liquid hydrocarbon as soon as an intimate
union of the nitrate of potash and the sulphuret of carbon has taken place.―This
product must be carefully washed.-In either of these cases, the product may be
mixed with an absorbent,

page_text: Having now particularly. described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. An explosive compound consisting of a liquid hydrocarbon, sulphur (sulphuret
of carbon), and nitrate of potash, in or about the proportions specified.
2. The process herein described for producing an explosive compound from a
liquid hydro-carbon, sulphur (sulphuret of carbon), and nitrate of potash.
Year: 1885

page_text: I ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a Communication from
William Henry Harvey of Meaford, in the County of Grey, Canada, Merchant)
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in that class of lamp using a circular
wick & burner and having a central draft of air passing up through the lamp from
bottom to top, necessitating the use of a font for the oil, with an opening in
the bottom for ventilation; and the object of this invention is to do away with
the opening in the bottom of the oil font, and to isolate the oil in font from the
wick-case by a cylindrical air chamber surrounding the wick-case; said air chamber
conveying a downward draft from top of font and around wick-case and which
descending to the bottom of air chamber is carried up through the centre of wick-
The advantages claimed are:-
case.
1. That the usual solid form of glass fonts, or metal fonts, or combined glass and
metal fonts can be used.
2. The wick-case being isolated from the direct contact of oil in oil font and the
air draft passing downward outside of wick-case inside of air cylinder, thence
upward through centre of wick-case, giving great cooling surface to the wick-case,
and burner, and thereby insuring great safety. A brilliant and steady light is the
result of this arrangement.
A, is the air chainber or cylindrical ventilating conductor.
B, is the cylindrical wick-case.
C, is the central draft or ventilating tube.
D, is a metal collar encircling the wick-case, B.
E, is the oil tube.
F, F, are the ventilating openings in air, chamber A the arrows show the course
of air.
The drawing represents a sectional view of this improved lamp.
The air chamber or ventilating conductor A is in the form of a cylindrical cup,
and is attached at its upper edge to the collar D, leaving suitable openings in the

page_text: side for the air to pass in and downward. The wick-case B, to which the burner
is attached is enclosed around its lower end and is suspended by collar D, inside the
cylindrical air chamber A at a distance from the bottom thereof to admit of a
proper supply of air which passes through the ventilating openings in air chamber
downward and up through the centre of said wick-case. B.
A small tube E passing through the air chamber A at bottom admits the oil to
the wick.
I make no claim to the circular wick-burner or to the central tube draft for
I am aware these are not new.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated
to me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is
1. The combination in Lamps of the cylindrical air chamber A, having openings
F F and collar D, encircling wick-case B, substantially as and for the purpose
herein before set forth.
2. The combination of the suspended isolated wick-case B with the cylindrical
air chamber A substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.
Year: 1885

page_text: I, WILLIAM HOWARD, of N° 98 Lancaster Street, Newington Causeway, in the
County of Surrey, Foot Ball Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
'
My invention relates to an improved method of manufacturing foot-balls, and
consists in making the leather casings of either round or oval foot-balls, out of two
pieces of leather only, instead of three or more, as has hitherto been the practice.
In carrying my invention into effect, each leather is cut of the proper outline,
wetted, stretched, nailed on a board, and left to dry. When dry, it is taken off and
wetted again, stretched on a suitably shaped block, and wetted again; whereupon
it is rubbed over with a bone rubber or suitable equivalent. When it is dry, the
nails used to hold it on the block are drawn, the rough edges trimmed off, and the
leather taken off the block.
I then take a leather lining, or broad strip, which I block into shape sub-
stantially in the way above described, to be used at the junction of the two
leathers where the seam is hammered flat. One or two facing pieces are provided
to cover the inside of the mouth.
The rubber lining made in any convenient way, is, after being inserted in the
leather casing, blown and tied as usual. The mouth piece cover is then stretched
over and sewn, and the casing closed.

page_text: with inflating tubes E. The bladder, of the proper shape, is first placed inside and
inflated. The tube E is then tied, carefully tucked in and the mouth of the ball
closed by lacing or sewing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
Making the leather cases of foot-balls by first shaping the two halves thereof
and sewing them together substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
the accompanying drawings.