IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-PLACES OR STOVES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS. PATENT to James Pigott Pritchett, of Darlington, in the
County of Durham, Architect, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN FIRE-PLACES OR STOVES."
Sealed the 29th July 1870, and dated the 2nd February 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Pigott Pritchett
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 2nd February 1870.
I, JAMES PIGOTT PRITCHETT, of Darlington, in the County of
Durham, Architect, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-PLACES OR STOVES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in fire-places or stoves for the
purpose of warming and ventilating. For this purpose at the back-of-an
ordinary registered grate, kitchen fire-place, stove, or other form of fire-
place a closed air chamber made of sheet iron or other suitable material
is formed being protected from the direct action of the fire by thin slabs
or tiles of fire-clay secured by screws, cement, or otherwise. This

page_text: chamber extends in height from the level of the hearth to the level of
the mantel, and is of such extent sideways as to embrace or partially
embrace the back and sides of the fire-place. This air chamber is fitted
with "gills," plates, or shelves that cause the air to traverse from side
to side in its ascent and thus remain longer in contact with the heated
surfaces. The cold air may be taken into this chamber from the ex-
ternal air by a flue or passage underneath the floor or from a passage or
room behind the fire-place or from the room in which the fire-place is
situated, and after having been heated by traversing the divisions in the
chamber it is passed either into the passage or room behind such fire-
place or delivered into the same or any other passage or room by suitable
openings in the wall, chimney piece, or fire-grate. This heated air if found
too dry may be caused to take up vapour by allowing it to pass over water.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Pigott Pritchett in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 30th July 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
PIGOTT PRITCHETT, of Darlington, in the County of Durham, Architect,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-third
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said James Pigott Pritchett, Her special licence,
that I, the said James Pigott Pritchett, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Pigott Pritchett, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN FIRE-PLACES OR STOVES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said James Pigott Pritchett, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the

page_text: said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Pigott Pritchett, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say":—
This Invention relates to improvements in fire-places or stoves for the
purpose of warming and ventilating. For this purpose at the. back of an
ordinary registered grate, kitchen fire-place, stove, or other form of c-
place a closed air chamber made of sheet iron or other suitable material
is formed, being protected from the direct action of the fire by thin slabs
or tiles of fire-clay secured by screws, cement, or otherwise. This
chamber extends in height from the level of the hearth to the level of
the mantel, and is of such extent sideways as to embrace or partially
embrace the back and sides of the fire-place. This air chamber is fitted
with "gills," plates, or shelves that cause the air to traverse from side
to side in its ascent and thus remain longer in contact with the heated
surfaces. The cold air may be taken into this chamber from the ex-
ternal air by a flue or passage underneath the floor, or from a passage
or room behind the fire-place, or from the room in which the fire-place
is situated, and after having been heated by traversing the divisions
in the chamber it is passed either into the passage or room behind such
fire-place or delivered into the same or any other passage or room by
suitable openings in the wall, chimney piece, or fire-grate. This heated
air if found too dry may be caused to take up vapour by allowing it to.
pass over water.
•
And in order that my Invention may be fuly understood and readily
carried into practice, I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto
annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.

page_text: The
the chamber F which cause the air to remain longer in contact with
the heated sides of the chamber. The gills A, A, are inclined and
made to fit the back and sides of the hot-air chamber, as shewn.
chamber F communicates at each side with the box or chamber H made
of metal or other suitable material and provided with a damper H³ for
regulating the escape of the heated air. E is the fire-place lined with
fire-bricks; D is a plate for closing the space below the bars so that the
air for supporting combustion may be obtained from more distant sources,
being conducted through the passages B, B, whence it passes round the
ash pan D³ and upwards through the fire at E; J is a passage outside
the room for supplying the warm air chamber F with fresh and un-
vitiated cold air which is afterwards distributed into the apartment to
be heated through the box or chamber H. Tho passages B, B, may be
made to communicate with any particular portion of the room to
be heated, or with any other room or passage from whence it may be
desirable to convey away impure air; Ċ is a metal hearth plate to cover
the vitiated air well; G is the stove front. The cold-air flue is covered
by a metal grating; K is the bottom of the grate, the dotted lines
shewing the form of the ash pan D³; L, L, is the top bar of fire-grate;
N, N, N, shew perforations or slots for admitting air to the hot-air
chamber; and O, O, O, shew similar openings for allowing the air when
heated to pass into the box or chamber H.
It will be readily understood that although the Drawing shews the air
for combustion to be supplied through the passages B, B, and the air
passing through the hot-air chamber F to come from another chamber by
the passage J leading into the cold air well yet this arrangement may be
varied to suit particular cases, and the air for the purpose of combustion
may be taken direct through the fire-grate at D, and the air for circulation
taken from the interior of the room. The heated air may if desired be
conducted from the chamber H by suitable flues or passages into any
other room or part of a building.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
in which the same is carried into practice, what I claim is,—
First. The general arrangement and adaptation to a fire-place or stove
of a hot-air chamber F furnished with gills or shelves A, A, such hot-air
chamber communicating with a hot-air chamber H, together with suit-
able flues or passages for conducting and distributing the air in the
manner herein described and shewn in the Drawing hereunto annexed.

page_text: And, secondly. I claim the peculiar arrangement and adaptation of the
gills or shelves A, A, in the hot-air chamber F substantially for the
purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Pigott Pritchett, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of
July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy.