Year: 1885

page_text: Boats, and
I, ERNEST DE PASS, of 68 Fleet Street, in the City of London, Fellow of the
Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, to be
as follows:
This invention relates to apparatus for the propulsion of torpedo boats, sub-
marine boats, and all kinds of vessels.
.
This apparatus enables torpedo boats, to which it is applied, to be maintained
under water, to rise or descend when required, and to be propelled forwards or
backwards at a very high speed. It can be easily operated and is kept in
equilibrium in such a manner as to render a boat capable of approaching a ship,
even in daylight, without being seen by the latter's crew.
This arrangement of apparatus enables a boat to move upon and under water in
the same manner as a fish.
The apparatus, designed to have a double grip upon the water, and to be
completely submerged therein, is composed of a number of moveable blades or
paddles mounted between two independent sides, one of which is moveable, while
the other is keyed upon the main shaft.
The blades are each formed with two faces capable of gripping the water in
succession, they are articulated upon the above mentioned fixed side and move in
a curved groove or slot formed therein, they being held in the said groove or. slot
by means of a rod which carries a roller travelling over a cam on the moveable
side. This moveable side carries a strengthening hoop, divided into four parts,
spaces being left between these parts in one of which engages the extremity of a
lever, worked from within the boat and serving to reverse the motion or to stop
the boat. The fixed side is keyed upon the main shaft and rotates therewith,
while the moveable side only follows the shaft in its motion, when the lever is
released from the space into which it was placed. Thus, in the forward motion of
the vessel, the blades grip the water in the manner of oars, and when the lever
is released from the upper space, the moveable side moves with the shaft until the
second space of its strengthening hoop has arrived in front of the said lever, which

page_text: •
is then allowed to engage in this second space. The moveable side then ceases to
rotate and the position of its cam being altered this cam now rests upon rollers or
the blades, so that these blades which had just before struck the water horizontally
now force it away in a vertical direction, the result being that the boat will
descend below the water.
The lever having been released a second time, the moveable side is caused to
turn a distance of a quarter of a revolution, and as the cam again alters the position
of the blades, the boat rises to the surface.
The last quarter of a revolution of the moveable side will allow the cam to so
place the blade that the boat shall move backwards, that is to say, the blades which
at the outset had forced the water away from fore to aft will now force it from
aft to fore and the boat will move backwards, until such time as it is desired to
reverse the motion of the same.
Thus, by pressing the above mentioned lever the helmsman disengages the
moveable side which is then rotated by the shaft and causes the cams to alter, at
each stoppage of this moveable side, the position of the blades, so as to produce,
when required, either of the four motions above described, the shaft rotating
always in the same direction and without it being required to reverse steam.
When therefore the apparatus is arranged below the boat, the lever, or levers, are
to be found within the said boat and above each apparatus.
The levers of two apparatus may be operated simultaneously or separately,
according to requirements. In order to obtain a simultaneous motion, it is sufficient
to connect them by means of a slotted tube or cross stay which may be withdrawn
when it is required that the said levers should act separately. The blades may be
curved, whether pivoted or fixed, instead of being flat, so as to be able to open
and close under the pressure of the water which will allow the to have a better
grip on the latter when descending.

page_text: APPLAUD
потоц
Boats, and all Kinds of Vessels.
I, ERNEST DE PASS, of 68 Fleet Street, in the City of London, Fellow of the
Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say :-
This Invention relates to apparatus for the propulsion of torpedo boats,
submarine boats, and all kinds of vessels.
This apparatus enables torpedo boats, to which it is applied, to be maintained
under water, to rise or descend when required, and to be propelled forwards or
backwards at a very great speed. It can be easily operated, and is kept in
equilibrium in such a manner as to render a boat capable of approaching a ship,
even in daylight, without being seen by the latter's crew.
This arrangement of apparatus enables a boat to move upon and under water in
the same manner as a fish.
This apparatus, which is designed to have a double grip upon the water, and to
be completely submerged therein, is composed of any suitable number of moveable
blades.or paddles a mounted between two independent sides, one of which c is
moveable, while the other 6 is keyed upon the main shaft.
The blades a, have a double grip upon the water, one grip being for each blade
by its face 1, 2 and the other grip by its face 2, 3. The blades are articulated
upon the fixed side and each moves in a curved groove or slot formed therein.
They are held in the said grooves or slots by means of rods, each of which carries
a roller k, travelling over a cam f, on the moveable side c. This moveable side c
receives the cam fand carries a strengthening hoop divided into four parts, spaces
being left between these parts, in one of which engages the extremity of a
lever g, worked from within the boat and serving to reverse the motion or to stop
the boat.
The fixed side b, is keyed upon the main shaft and rotates therewith, while
the moveable side c, only follows the shaft in its motion, when the lever 9, is
released from the space into which it was placed.
Thus, the position shewn in figs. 1, 2, and 5 of the drawings, is that of the
forward motion of the vessel, the blades a, gripping the water in the manner of
small oars or sculls, and when the lever g, is released from the upper space, the
side c, becomes moveable, and rotates with the shaft d, until the second space of ita
strengthening hoop has arrived in front of the said lever, which is then allowed to
engage in this second space. The side c, then ceases to rotate, and its cam f, having
altered its position, this cam now rests upon the rollers of the blades a, so that
these blades which had just before struck the water horizontally now force it away
vertically, the result being that the boat will descend below the water.
The lever g, being released a second time, the side c, is caused to turn a distance
of a quarter of a revolution and as the cam again alters the position of the blades a,
the boat will rise.

page_text: The last quarter of a revolution of the moveable side c, will allow the cam f, to
so place the blade that the boat shall move backwards, that is to say, the blades,
which, at the outset, had forced the water away from fore to aft, will now force it
from aft to fore, and the boat will move backwards, until such time as it is desired
to reverse the motion of the same.
Thus, by pressing the above mentioned lever g, the helmsman disengages the
moveable side c, which is then rotated by the shaft and causes the cams to alter,
at each stoppage of this moveable side, the position of the blades a, so as to
produce, when required, either of the four motions above described, the shaft
rotating always in the same direction, and without having to reverse steam.
If thus, as indicated in figs. 3 and 4, the apparatus be arranged below the boat,
the lever or levers will be within the said boat and above each apparatus.
The levers of two apparatus may be operated simultaneously, or separately,
according to requirements. In order to obtain a simultaneous motion, it is
sufficient to connect them by means of a sliding tube, or cross stay, which may be
withdrawn when it is required that the said levers should act separately. The
blades a, may also be curved, pivotted, or fixed, instead of being flat and double
gripping, so as to be able to open and close under the pressure of the water, which
will allow them to have a better on the latter for descending.
By means of the shield A, figs. 6, 7 and 8, revolving upon the axis and around
the propelling wheel, the direction of motion can be instantly changed and a result
identical with that above indicated, obtained.
This shield A, forming a hood, protects the wheel from the swell which is
ordinarily produced, and simplifies its construction. The grip on the water is
three fold or four fold at will with 8 or 12 paddles or blades, or more, and these
latter are hollow or curved in such a way as to produce a considerable displace-
ment of the water, in order to allow of the descent, the going forwards or
backwards, to the right or to the left, and the rising upon the water, by taking up
a position and manoeuvring like any other vessel upon the surface.
A roller (not shewn in the drawings), fixed within the shield, allows of the
blades escaping without shock and without friction. On each side there are
openings into which the blade is stopped by means of a tenon; this tenon is fixed
to the blades, and these blades are cast in one piece.
The blades may communicate by a lever, formed with openings, through which
the axis passes, so that when one blade is closing, the other is reopening, and so on
consecutively.
This propelling apparatus has 12 fixed blades with four gripping actions on the
water; the hood is revolved around the wheel for effecting the change of direction
of the vessel; moreover, it prevents the resistance and the swell of the water
during the motion of the vessel. This wheel which is extremely simple and very
strong, possesses the same advantages as do the previously described propelling
wheels.
Having now described the Invention and in what manner the same may be
performed, I claim, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondents:
The paddle-wheel apparatus applicable to the propulsion of torpedo boats,
submarine boats, and all kinds of vessels, having its parts arranged and combined
to operate substantially as herein described and as illustrated in the drawings.