matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IM- PROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES, PART OF SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING FOR PREVENTING HORSES FROM SLIPPING ON ASPHALTE PAVEMENTS, AND PART TO SUPERSEDE THE NECESSITY FOR ROUGHING
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Charles Hill at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th August 1872.
I, HENRY CHARLES HILL, of Stevenage, in the County of Herts,"
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES, PART OF SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING FOR PREVENTING
HORSES FROM SLIPPING ON ASPHALTE PAVEMENTS, AND PART TO SUPERSEDE THE
NECESSITY FOR ROUGHING," to be as follows:-
'
The first part of my Invention consists of constructing horse-shoes of
a cellular or hollow form and indented or perforated with holes through
the thickness or substance of the shoe and in addition to the ordinary
nail holes. Into these cellular divisions and holes are fitted plugs or
studs or calking strips which may be indented, grooved, or corrugated
on their tread surface, and which may be screwed into the hollow spaces
or holes, in which case the corresponding threads must be cut in the
shoe. It consists also of filling in the hollow divisions or holes in horse-
shoes with lead or other like metal and of the use of plugs or calking
strips of vulcanized india-rubber, fult, cork, or other elastic material.

page_text: And these improvements may be applied to what are called "fullered"
or "double fullered" horse-shoes.
The second part of my Invention consists of the use of rings or ferules
made of vulcanized india-rubber or lead or other metal attached by the
nails to the horse-shoe and spreading around the nails so as to give a
firmer foothold to the horse.
"
The third part of my Invention consists of the use of adjustab.c
plates, shoe clips, and calking studs as a substitute for what is called
roughing," with a steel or india-rubber spring inserted between the
clip and the shoe plate. And of the application of shifting studs to the.
back part of my shoe plates or clips, to which studs are attached springs
either of steel or india-rubber. And of the application of metal spring
clamps or claws working on a pinion, pivot, or pin.
AN IMPROVED PRESS FOR PRINTING AND COPYING
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Heinrich Allexander
Heyer at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 22nd April 1872.
I, FRIEDRICH HEINRICH ALLExander Heyer, of 101, Leather Lane,
Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PRESS FOR PRINTING AND COPYING," to
be as follows (that is to say) :—
My Invention has reference to the mode of constructing presses with
the view to enable the same to be employed either for copying letters or
for printing circulars and other documents, by which a simple and
compact apparatus is obtained and rendered suitable for commercial and
other offices, and consists of a portable stand of rectangular form with
vertical sides enclosing a drawer or type carriage in which the tympan
and chase and other printing requisites are contained, immediately above
which a pressing plate-or bed horizontaly arranged is employed in
connection with a double action cam lever moving upon bearings
mounted within the said vertical sides, so that on receiving motion by
the hand or otherwise the said cam lever is caused to press down upon
an intermediate lever working upon an axis in like manner to the cam

page_text: lever, and thereby supply the necessary pressure to the horizontal bed
plate and type, as also the letters or other manuscript to be copied,
reacting springs being employed so as to return the bed plate to its
former position on the pressure from the levers being withdrawn, friction
rollers in connection therewith being also employed for facilitating the 5
sliding action of the type carriage and drawer to and from the body of
the press.
AN IMPROVED LAMP FOR MOULDERS OR OTHER ARTISANS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joshua Calvert at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
June 1872.
I, JOSHUA CALVERT, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, do
3 hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED LAMP
FOR MOULDERS OR OTHER ARTISANS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to lamps used by moulders and others instead
of candles, and consists in several improved arrangements for enabling
the lamps to be used in all the required positions without the lights
being extinguished or the oil escaping.
The oil cistern or chamber is rectangular at its ends and sides; tho
ends being somewhat larger than the wick, and the cistern is intended
to be perfectly air-tight when the surrounding atmosphere is warm, but
when the atmosphere is cold a small supply of air is allowed to enter the
cistern.
The wick is passed through a wick holder at one end of the cistern,
the holder being fixed in an angular position, and to the cistern are

page_text: fixed one or more eyes or sockets for carrying or holding the fork stand.
or suspender to which the lamp is connected, and over the wick holder
there is a plate held in a socket for preventing sand and dirt from getting
on the light.
AN IMPROVED CEMENT FOR THE JOINTS OF PIPES AND OTHER APPARATUS FOR CONTAINING OR CONDUCTING STEAM, WATER, OR OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1872

page_text: .
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Pomeroy Dodgo at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th August 1872.
I, GEORGE POMEROY DODGE, of 79, Upper Thames Street, in the City
of London, India-rubber Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CEMENT FOR THE JOINTS OF PIPES AND
OTHER APPARATUS FOR CONTAINING OR CONDUCTING STEAM, WATER, OR OTHER
FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
My said Invention relates to an improved mastic cement composed of
india-rubber, oil, and other ingredients for the joints of steam, water,
or gas pipes, or other pipes or vessels for containing or conducting
fluids, and where tight joints are required.
It has heretofore been the custom to melt or fuse the india-rubber
with the oil by the direct application of dry heat to a pan or cylinder,
or in some similar manner, such as by heated rolls; but the fibre of the
rubber was deteriorated or spoiled by this treatment, and the mastic or
cement so made became hard and caked and unsuitable for the purpose
of making joints, its use being generally limited to the countries where

page_text: it was manufactured as it could not be profitably exported or kept long
in stock.
According to my Invention I accomplish the mixing of the india-
rubber with oils under steam heat and pressure, whereby the clasticity
and fibre of the india-rubber is better preserved; moreover the compound
may be more thinly spread, and consequently a smaller quantity may be
used to accomplish the same purpose; another advantago is that it may
be used to mix with or adulterate during manufacture the ordinary
vulcanized india-rubber and gutta percha, which would be impossible
with a compound reduced to the necessary consistency by dry heat.
In practising my Invention I take a portion of waste or other more
or less "cured” or vulcanized india-rubber, and pulverize or grind it finely
between two rolls revolving at different speeds. These rolls may be used
either warm or cold as may be thought desirable by the operator, or
according to the nature of the waste or other india-rubber to be operated
upon. When ground sufficiently fine I mix with the india-rubber from
one-fourth to three-fourths of the same quantity of tar oil, according to
the goodness or poverty of the rubber to be treated. Other oils will
answer, but tar oil is preferably used because of its chicapness.
I then submit this mixture to a steam heat varying from .220°
Fahrenheit to a temperature corresponding with 60lbs. or 70lbs. steam
pressure per square inch. The time during which this operation should
be continued will vary because of the greater or less vulcanization of the
rubber under treatment, but from one to three hours will be generally
sufficient.
When these ingredients are properly amalgamated I take out the
compound and mix with it suitable earths or metals. Portland cement
and fire-clay are generally used, with sufficient sulphur to "cure" it
when applied to a hot joint.
IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO TRAMWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVÍSIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hamilton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
September 1872.
I, JOHN HAMILTON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO TRAMWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES," to be as
follows, that is to say :-
This Invention has principally for its object to store and utilise the
power at present absorbed in friction when brakes are applied to the
wheels of tramway or other carriages on their descending an incline or
on their being brought to a stand still.
The Invention consists in furnishing the carriage with a receiver for
compressed air with a pump or pumps, and with gearing arranged in con-
nection with one or more of the wheels or axles%; then when it is
wished to retard the motion of the carriage the necessary resistance is
obtained by putting the pump into action to pump or compress air into
the receiver. In order to utilise the air compressed in this way suitable
valves are provided for admitting it to a small engine connected to one

page_text: of the axles, or the pump' or pumps may be arranged to serve also as the
Thus the
engine for utilising the air in developing motive power.
force stored on descending an incline may be utilised in assisting the
The
horses to move the carriage up the same or another incline.
receiver, pumps, and gearing which may be constructed according to
any of the various known arrangements that is suitable are by preference
to be fixed beneath the bottom of the carriage, and whilst the receiver
may be provided with an ordinary safety valve it is also by preference
formed with an elastic or weak part. arranged to give way harmlessly
at a less pressure than what would burst the receiver in an injurious
manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REFRIGERATING OR KEEPING COOL BUTTER, MILK, FRUIT, AND OTHER ARTICLES LIABLE TO BE INJURED BY HEAT IN SUMMER AND IN HOT CLIMATES, WHICH APPARATUS IS APPLICABLE ALSO FOR MAIN- TAINING THE HEAT OF COOKED FOOD IN LOW TEMPERATURES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Jolliffe at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st July
1872.
I, HENRY JOLLIFFE, of Queen's Square Place, Bath, in thic County of
Somerset, Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REFRIGERATING OR KEEPING COOL
BUTTER, MILK, FRUIT, AND OTHER ARTICLES LIABLE TO BE INJURED BY HEAT IN
SUMMER AND IN HOT CLIMATES, WHICH APPARATUS IS APPLICABLE ALSO FOR MAIN-
TAINING THE HEAT OF COOKED FOOD IN LOW TEMPERATURES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the peculiar construction or arrangement of
parts of apparatus by which such apparatus is rendered applicable for
all such purposes as are set forth in the title.
An earthenware, or china, or enamelled metal chamber or receptacle
for containing the article or substance to be cooled or kept warm is fixed
or placed within a double casing of zinc or other metal in such a manner
that between the chamber and inner metal casing there is an air space,
while between the inner metal casing and the outer metal casing there
is a space into which is poured water, which water when the milk,

page_text: butter, fruit, or other article is to be preserved cool, is cold water, and
when it is an article the heat of which it is desirable to maintain, such
as meat, soup, gravy, and other such things, hot water is used. To the
exact form and size both of the inner chamber and also of the inner and
outer metal casings I do not confine myself, but in all cases maintain
an air space between the inner chamber and the inner metal casing, and
between the two metallic walls forming the inner and outer or double
casing a water space is maintained. For the purpose of pouring water
into or from the water space proper mouths or spouts are provided.
The top part or cover for the apparatus is constructed upon exactly
the same principle with the inner chamber, the air space, and the inner
and outer or double casing with water space, a funnel-shaped mouth
being provided in which to pour the water. For some purposes, such as
cooling butter, the cover may be used independently of the lower part
of the apparatus, and when the upper and lower parts are used together
they may be made to cool or maintain warm two or more articles.
•
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOXES TO HOLD PINS, HOOKS AND EYES, PENS, AND OTHER SMALL ARTICLES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Leonard Turney at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th June 1872.
I, GEORGE LEONARD TURNEY, of Addle Street, in the City of London,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BOXES TO HOLD PINS, HOOKS AND EYES, PENS, AND OTHER
SMALL ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention of "Improvements in Boxes to Hold Pins, Hooks and
Eyes, Pens, and other Small Articles," relates to a novel and economical
mode of constructing such boxes of paper, pasteboard, thin sheet metal,
or other material, the object being to make them of such a form as will
prevent the liability of the boxes coming open by accident and spilling
the contents.
In carrying out the Invention I employ two thicknesses of paper or
other material partially attached together, that is, at each end, leaving
the other or middle part free. This part will form the top of the box,
and an oval, circular, oblong, or other conveniently shaped opening is
cut or punched therein, so that when the paper or other material is

page_text: folded up and nuade into the form of a box or receptacle for holding the
pins, hooks and eyes, or other small articles access may be obtained to
the interior through this opening, which is closed by a sliding lid or
tongue made of thick paper, or cardboard, or other material, which is
slidden in between the two thicknesses of paper or other material. The
description of the contents of the box or any other information, design,
or ornamentation may be marked, printed, or embossed on the outside
of the box.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Prince at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th November 1872.-A communication from abroad by Monsieur
Edouard Schlamp, residing at Nierstein, on the Rhine.
I, ALEXANDER PRINCE, of the Office for Patents, No. 4, Trafalgar
Square, Charing Cross, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
RAISING WATER," (a communication to me from abroad by Monsieur
Edouard Schlamp, resident at Nierstein, on the Rhine), to be as
follows: :-
A closed reservoir is disposed within or fed by an ordinary well or
another reservoir or source of supply from which the water is to be
raised; two pipes enter the closed reservoir, one herein-after called
"air pipe" for supplying air thereto, the other herein-after called
"water pipe" for discharge of water therefrom. The air pipe is in
communication with an air pump in the chamber or place where
water is required, or elsewhere as desired, and the water pipe also

page_text: extends to the said chamber or place, and delivers water when the air
pump
is worked.
From time to time as the closed reservoir requires replenishing with
water the air pressure is to be relieved by opening a valve, when the
supply thereto from the ordinary well or other reservoir will flow in
through a valve opening inwards into or towards the closed reservoir.
Separate chambers or places, as for instance the several floors of a
house, may be separately supplied with water, each being furnished with
an air pipe, a water pipe, an air pump, and a closed reservoir or separate
compartment of a closed reservoir; the intention being sometimes to
provide two or more of such compartments, so that each air pump may
exert its influence and effect a water discharge in the intended particular
chamber or place proper to itself, and not elsewhere.
And annuovad dosemintion of air numn is to be amnlowad
and to L
Any approved description of air pump is to be employed, and to be
worked by hand or steam power.
A NEW OR IMPROVED BOOMERANG, AND MECHANICAL APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING OR PROJECTING THE SAME
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Dutton Templer Sparrow
and Charles Green Spencer at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 9th March 1872.
We, THOMAS DUTTON TEMPLER SPARROW, of Piccadilly, in the
County of Middlesex, Contractor, and CHARLES GREEN SPENCER, of
Piccadilly, in the said County, Contractor, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED BOOMERANG, AND MECHANICAL
APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING OR PROJECTING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
The object of our Invention is the production of a missile or projectile.
having the properties or characteristics of the ordinary boomerang.
with two or more blades, together with a mechanical contrivance or
apparatus for projecting the said missile or projectile in the air.
Our improved boomerang may be made of cardboard, wood, metal,
or other suitable material, and is formed with two or more flat blades,
leaves, or arms equal or varying in length and shape, and meeting in a
common centre.
The apparatus for projecting our improved boomerang consists of a
flat plate of wood, metal, or other suitable material, formed or shaped

page_text: something like a hand mirror or child's battledoor, but may be of any
other suitable or convenient shape; on this, as a basis, we fix the said
apparatus, which consists of a dwarf platform, lever or bar, spring, and
trigger; the upper surface of this platform is about the same in area as
the central portion of the boomerang, and is so situated that when the
boomerang is placed upon it one of the blades of the missile shall come
in contact with the lever near to its free end; this lever is pivotted to
the said plate and is actuated by a spring attached to or acting against
its other end; behind this lever the trigger or catch is fitted, and is so
formed as to hold or grip the said lever.
This apparatus is operated as follows:-When it is desired to project
our improved boomerang, it is placed on the dwarf platform with one of
its blades or arms touching the lever, as herein-before described, the
said lever having been previously connected with or to the trigger; the
said trigger is then pressed down so as to set the lever free, which by
the action of the spring on its other end projects the boomerang into
the air; and the boomerang, instead of falling to the ground when the
projecting force is expended, it returns to or near to the place whence
it was projected.
The smaller or toy sizes of our improved boomerang may be projected
by a fillip from the finger.
The
The apparatus and boomerang may be made of any size, from the
small toy to those suitable for sporting or belligerent purposes.
plate may be shaped and ornamented to suit all tastes; and the arrange-
ment of the lever, spring, and trigger may be varied accordingly.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREPARING WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUB- STANCES FOR FEEDING CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Graham at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
April 1872.
I, BENJAMIN GRAHAM, of Batley, in the County of York, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREPARING WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUB-
STANCES FOR FEEDING CARDING ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a construction and arrangement of apparatus
for receiving the wool or other fibrous substances from the doffer of a
scribbler carder, and preparing or forming it into a bat of any suitable
thickness or series of folds, and either feeding it direct into the condenser
or other carding engine by the ordinary creeper sheet, or winding it upon
a roller to be afterwards transferred to feed such said carding engine.
This apparatus is constructed and arranged as follows:-In front of
the doffer of the scribbler is hinged dependent from the frame, a creeper
or endless travelling sheet which is caused to oscillate by means of a rod
connected thereto, and to a crank pin which receives motion from the
doffer. Also mounted upon a frame is another creeper or endless sheet

page_text: placed under the former, and (by preference) at an inclination. This
creeper receives the wool or fibre in folds from the oscillatory creeper to
form a bat thereof, and may either deliver the said bat direct to the feed
sheet of a condenser, or it may be wound upon a roller forming a roll
thereof to be transferred to such condenser or other carding engine for
feeding the same. When such bat is to be wound upon a roller, rotary
motion is given thereto by means of rollers receiving motion by ratchet
wheel and catch lever actuated by a rod connected to the oscillatory
creeper frame. Also pressers are applied to act upon the edges of the bat
to press it to a uniform width, and another presser is applied to flatten it
upon the surface of the surface of the said creeper, which pressers are
operated by cranks and rods from the said oscillatory frame.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STRAPS, DRIVING BANDS, AND BELTING FOR MACHINERY
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Mudford at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents with his Petition, on the 30th
August 1872.
I, GEORGE MUDFORD, of Retford, in the County of Nottingham,
Rope Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STRAPS, DRIVING BANDS, AND
BELTING FOR MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object the production of increased strength
and durability in straps and driving bands, and consists in the com-
bination in the manner herein-after stated of copper, brass, galvanized
iron, iron or steel wire with fibrous material such as hemp, flax, wool,
or cotton for such purpose.
The mode of manufacture is as follows:-A single strand is first
formed by covering or twining a single wire with a fibrous material
of hemp, flax, wool, or cotton, then two of such strands are twined
into one cord, and cords so formed (in number proportioned to the
width and thickness of the strap or band required) are takon and

page_text: arranged so as to constitute the warp, with which is interwoven a
weft composed of the said fibrous material, either alone or combined
with wire, or of wire only, in an ordinary loom or otherwise, thereby
forming a strap or belt. The strap or belt is afterwards coated with
waterproofing, consisting of tar and resin, or oil and white lead, or
other suitable composition, so as to render it impervious to moisture;
and the strap or belt is or may be also covered with india-rubber,
and afterwards subjected to the process of vulcanizing.
By the mode of manufacture above described a strap or belt. of
any required length, width, or thickness may be made in one piece.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND APPLICATION OF REFLECTING SURFACES FOR THE BETTER REFLECTION AND DIFFUSION OF LIGHT
Year: 1872

page_text: D
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Paul Emile Chappuis at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th June 1872.
I, PAUL EMILE CHAPPUIS, of 69, Fleet Street, in the City of London,
3 Optician, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND APPLICATION OF REFLECTING SURFACES FOR
THE BETTER REFLECTION AND DIFFUSION OF LIGHT," to be as follows:-
Heretofore daylight reflectors and such like reflecting surfaces for
receiving and distributing light have usually consisted of silvered metal
plates of various sections and forms or configurations, having the
reflecting surface either exposed and unprotected, or in some cases.
protected with glass, in other cases they have been formed of sheets of
glass having fine flutes, reeds, ribs, or corrugations, usually varying in
gauge or width from ½ in. to not exceeding ¾ in. and having the back
side of the sheet silvered, and the silvering protected by a coating of
pigment, or pigment and varnish.
My improvements consist in making and employing for these purposes

page_text: "
heretofore been made in glass, or used or employed for such purposes,.
and I silver (by any of the well known means) one side or face of such
broadly corrugated or fluted glass sheets, and by the use or employment
of such broad fluted or corrugated surfaces of glass silvered on one
side a much better reflection or diffusion of, the light is obtained.
The flutes or corrugations may vary from ¾ in. to say 1½ in. in width,
or more.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF FIBRE-BEARING PLANTS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Renny Watson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd October 1872.
I, WILLIAM RENNY WATSON (of the Firm of Mirrlees, Tait, &
Watson), of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF FIBRE-BEARING PLANTS, AND IN THE
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," to be as follows, that is
to say:-
This Invention, which relates to the treatment of the stems, stalks, and
leaves of fibre-bearing plants, has for its object to separate the fibres
from the gummy, pulpous, and woody matter with which such fibres are
associated. The order of plants to the treatment of which this Invention
more especially applies are those known as rhea fibre or China the
grass,
phormium tenax, the plantain, and the aloe, it is however not limited to
be employed in the treatment of these plants alone.
The fibres are separated from the gummy, pulpous, and woody
substances in the fibre-bearing plants by the action of rapidly repeated

page_text: light blows of mechanically actuated beaters, these striking on the
plants as they pass slowly over anvils or blocks for receiving the blows.
The fibre-bearing plants are fed slowly to the place where they are
operated on by the beaters by means of one or more endless travelling
webs, feeding and drawing rollers being situated relatively with the
beaters so as to feed in and draw off the plants at the required rate.
The beating part of the mechanism is arranged generally after the
manner of what is well known as "Ryders forging machine," that is to
say, it consists of a vertical framing in the upper part of which a
revolving shaft carrying a number of small eccentrics is situated, these
eccentrics bear on cradles attached to the upper ends of the beaters, the
beaters being arranged in guides and with springs forcing them upwards,
so that the cradles are always kept in contact with the eccentrics. The
anvils or blocks on which the beaters strike the fibre-bearing plants are
also arranged in guides in which their position is adjusted by wedges or
screws, or by both wedges and screws, and they are also provided with
springs or other elastic medium to cushion the blows of the beaters.
Either one or more of these machines may be arranged in succession, so
as to submit the fibre-bearing plants to one or several beating operations,
and after which the fibres may be separated and cleaned by washing or
otherwise, such after treatment forming no part of this Invention.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE PRESERVATION OF TEXTILE FABRICS FROM THE DESTRUCTIVE EFFECTS OF WET OR MOISTURE
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hector Auguste Dufrené, at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 19th April 1872.-A communication from Monsieur Auguste
Mouzin, residing at Tergnier, Departement de l'Aisne, in the
Republic of France.
•
I, HECTOR AUGUSTE DUFRENÉ, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris,
France, and 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Civil Engineer and
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE PRESERVATION OF TEXTILE FABRICS FROM
THE DESTRUCTIVE EFFECTS OF WET OR MOISTURE," to be as follows, that is to
say:
This Invention consists in imparting to textile fabrics the property of
not mouldering under the effects of wet or moisture by the employment
of a tanning process in the following manner :-
To carry out this Invention I prepare a concentrated solution of
tannin, cachou, oak bark, or other suitable material; for this purpose
I take for example one hundred gallons of water in which I digest as
large a quantity of tannin, cachou, oak bark, or other material rich in

page_text: tannin as will saturate the water therewith.; videlicit, in the proportion
of about fifteen parts by weight of one of the said materials to one
hundred parts by weight of water.. I place and leave the fabric to soak
in this solution during several days; at the end of this time I withdraw
it and submit it to the action of a solution of bi-chromate of potass, in t
which I leave it to soak until it has become of a brown colour. The
fabric is then washed and dried.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLLOWS, AND ROUNDS, AND BEAD, AND MOULDING PLANES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Rose at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
November 1872.
I, WILLIAM ROSE, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Joiner, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HOLLOWS, AND ROUNDS, AND BEAD, AND MOULDING PLANES," to be as follows,
that is to say:-
This Invention consists in constructing hollows, and rounds, and bead,
and moulding planes with removeable seats whereby one plane will serve
to form several different sizes or forms of hollow, round, bead, or
moulding, by simply changing the removeable seat or moulding part, and
the cutting iron of the plane instead of a separate plane being required
for each size and form of moulding as at present.
To carry out my Invention, the top part of the body or stock of the
plane is made of a rectangular bar of wood, to each side of which is
screwed a piece of sheet brass, iron, or steel forming the sides of the
plane; the sides being made of metal will allow of their lower edges
being brought towards or removed from each other as required. The

page_text: seats or moulding parts of the plane are cast in metal, preferably brass,
and are provided with moulding irons to correspond. The top of each
moveable seat is so arranged that it may be easily fitted on to and
removed from the lower parts of the metal sides of the plane. The
wooden top of the plane is slotted to receive the upper end of the plane 5
iron, and the usual wooden wedge for adjusting the same.
By this
arrangement several different sized seats may be used with one plane, the
metal sides of which will allow of their being adjusted to suit the size of
the seat.
This Invention is applicable to the construction of planes for forming 1
any of the usual mouldings and beads; but is chiefly adapted for forming
what are termed hollow and round mouldings.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN HOLSTER AND POCKET PISTOLS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Jennings Morris at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st December 1872.
I, WALTER JENNINGS MORRIS, of New York, in the United States of
America, now residing at the Langham Hotel, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN HOLSTER AND POCKET PISTOLS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in holster and pocket
pistols.
Holster and pocket pistols are now commonly constructed with
hammers working between two side plates of the frame, only the thumb
piece or comb of the hammer projecting externally. It is found
however that when such pistols are for long together carried in the
holster or pocket at half cock that dirt works into the cavity between
the side plates of the frame, in which cavity the action of the pistol is
contained, and so not only is likely permanently to injure the action of
the pistol but also to impede the fall of the hammer and render the arm
unserviceable. These arms as at present constructed may become

page_text: unserviceable from earth entering the cavity or adhering in front of the
hammer if the weapon be dropped. To avoid these objections I form in
the hammer above the striker a deep notch concentric with the axis of
the hammer, and I fix upon one of the side plates of the frame a ward
plate fitting to this notch, by this means the cavity in which the action
of the pistol is contained is always completely enclosed whether the
hammer be down upon the priming of the cartridge or at half or full
cock. In front of the comb of the cock I form a double incline to throw
off on either side any dirt which may adhere to the ward plate.
IMPROVED MEANS OF PRODUCING MIXED, PRINTED, AND DYED PARTY-COLORED OR SHADED THREADS AND FABRICS OF SILK, WOOL, COTTON, FLAX, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1872

page_text: •
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Garrett Tongue at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
September 1872.-A communication from abroad by Auguste
Féron, of Lille, France.
I, JOHN GARRETT. TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue and Birkbeck,
Patent Agents and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OF PRODUCING MIXED, PRINTED, AND
DYED PARTY-COLORED OR SHADED THREADS AND FABRICS OF SILK, WOOL, COTTON,
FLAX, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows :-
=
This Invention has for its object the preparation by means of printing
and dying of textile materials when spun, such as silk, wool, flax, cotton,
or other fibrous materials for the production or manufacture of yarns or
threads, and fabrics in imitation of those known as mélangés.
The term "camaieu" herein-after employed signifies the effect of a
variety of colors produced by lighter and darker shades of one color
imparted to the same thread.
For example, if on a spun thread (say cotton), bleached and printed
with lines and spaces in black or other dark color, if on that thread a

page_text: mordants are capable of producing intensity and solidity under the
action of bichromate of potash.
Some idea may be formed as to the number and variety of colors
which may be obtained by this method of transformation by the variety
which may be produced from cashoo alone when mixed or combined
with salts of iron or copper, sumach, logwood, and fustic.
The previous examples will be sufficient to explain the preparation,
combination, and method of applying and treating certain colors in the
production of printed and dyed threads and fabrics in accordance with
these improvements, like processes being applicable to other coloring
matters and mordants subject to such modifications as will be readily
ascertained in practice.
IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO ROTATORY BRUSHES AND BURNISHERS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Shaw and Thomas Shaw
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 4th June 1872.
We, GEORGE SHAW and THOMAS SHAW, of Dukinfield, in the County
of Chester, Brush Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO ROTATORY BRUSHES AND
BURNISHERS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to those rotatory brushes or burnishers which
are formed in narrow strips, as in the case of thread or fibre polishing,
and which are subsequently fixed upon a revolving surface by screws or
bolts, the object of our Invention being to avoid the necessity of such
screwing or bolting. For this purpose we form the said narrow strips
with projecting parts which pass endwise beneath counterpart projections
formed on the revolving surface. The method we propose to adopt is to
make the strips of a V shape, and to form suitably shaped cavities on the
revolving surface and into which they slide or are driven, but equivalent
shapes to that of the V may be adopted, and, if necessary, we propose to
use end guards to keep them transversely.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF IRon and Manufacture of Steel
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Roper Wright and
Andrew Alexander at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 22nd August 1872.
...
We, JOHN ROPER WRIGHT, of 2, Nelson Place, Glossop Road,
Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer, and ANDREW ALEXANDER,
of 2, Sale Hill, Broomhill, Sheffield aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of our said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
TREATMENT OF IRon and Manufacture of Steel,” to be as follows :—
•
This Invention relates to certain methods of using oxide of manganese,
ferro-manganese, and manganiferous ore for the desulphurization of iron
and steel; also to certain methods of using the above products or
materials in the Siemens or other furnace or in a Bessemer converter,
that is to say, by an intimate mixture of the same with the metal during
the boiling process.
Our improvements consist essentially as follows:

page_text: 2. We use these among other modes in the Siemens furnace and in
the following manner-It is the usual practice to melt pig iron in a
Siemens furnace and decarburet it by means of oxide of iron, iron ore, or
scrap iron. When the iron charged into the furnace for steel making
contains too much sulphur we charge along with the above-mentioned
iron ore or oxide of iron a proportion of oxide of manganese or ferro-
manganese, so that while the metal is decarburetting and while on the
boil the manganese will combine with the sulphur and pass into the
slag. Or with the same pig iron we charge, instead of the usual oxide of
iron or iron ore a manganiferous orc or such manganiferous ore in con-
junction with the usual iron ore or oxide of iron, which will decarburet
the iron, while the manganese combining with the sulphur will pass into
the slag.
3. We also use oxide of manganese, ferro-manganese, manganiferous
ore, or reduced manganiferous ore with reduced iron ores (i.c. orcs
highly calcined or deoxidised) containing too much sulphur for stccl
manufacture in the Siemens or other furnace in order to desulphurize
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DYEING YARNS IN THE HANK
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Henry Sieber and John
Furnevall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 3rd January 1872.
We, CHARLES HENRY SIEBER, of Irwell Springs, Bacup, in the
County of Lancaster, Turkey Red and Fancy Dyer, and JOHN
FURNEVALL, of Haslingden, in the same County, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR DYEING YARNS IN THE HANK," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in applying six or other convenient number of
winces to a vat containing the dye liquor, and on these winces the hanks
of yarn are suspended.
Each wince consists of two or more blades, and they are all caused to
revolve by a side shaft and gearing.
In revolving, the yarn is dipped into and drawn out of the dye
liquor which is agitated by a frame or other equivalent placed near
the bottom of the vat, and is moved to and fro or up and down by
an eccentric or other equivalent to prevent the accumulation of the dye
material.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN CLOG BOTTOMS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Marshall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
March 1872.
I, WILLIAM MARSHALL, of Bootle, in the County of Lancaster,
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN CLOG BOTTOMS," to be as follows:-
Clog bottoms have hitherto had the soles and heels formed of one
continuous piece of wood. This practice entails great waste, and from
the scarcity and consequent high price of suitable kinds of timber
increases the price of the finished article. Now the object of my
Invention is to economize wood and obtain equally serviceable bottoms
at a less price. For this purpose I proceed under my Invention in
manner following :-
First. I form the sole of one piece of wood, and affix a wood, metal,
or other heel thereto, screws or their mechanical equivalents, or glue
or other adhesive substance, being used for affixing the heel. The
curvilinear form of the inner surface of the sole may be formed in any
ordinary manner, but I prefer the method hereafter described.

page_text: Second. I give the curved form on the inner surface of the sole by
attaching by glue or other means a moulded curved piece or pieces.
The said piece or pieces is or are made of sawdust and glue or
other mixture, which while plastic when being moulded subsequently
sets hard.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING CONNECTIONS WITH WATER MAINS UNDER PRESSURE
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Morris at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
August 1872.
I, WILLIAM MORRIS, of Kent Waterworks, Deptford, in the County
of Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING CONNECTIONS WITH WATER MAINS UNDER
PRESSURE," to be as follows:—
This Invention relates to a simple and economical mode or method of
connecting service pipes with water mains under pressure without
incurring loss of water from leakage during the operation, and is more
particularly applicable when using the apparatus for which Letters
Patent were granted to Alfred Upward, No. 145, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, or similar apparatus.
In carrying out my Invention I substitute for the stop cock described
in Upward's Specification a metal ferrule or short tube which is screwed
into the main after it has been tapped, but in order to prevent the
escape through such ferrule whilst inserting it into the main I first plug
it with a composition which shall be sufficiently strong to resist the

page_text: fluid pressure, whilst it is also slowly soluble in water, so that after the
connection has been made between the service pipe and main the plug
will dissolve and leave a free passage into the service pipe.
Various combinations of materials may be employed in preparing the
said composition, but I find in practice that good results may be obtained 5
by the use of a composition consisting of equal parts by weight of sugar
or of treacle and plaster of Paris, boiled together until they form a thick
or semi-fluid mass, which is to be poured into the tube or connecting
ferrule before applying the same, and then allowed to solidify or harden
by cooling.
1
IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPE CONNECTIONS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hack at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th June
1872.
I, THOMAS HACK, of the West Middlesex Waterworks, Hammersmith,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPE CONNECTIONS," to be as
follows:-
These improvements have for their object the regulating the constant
or other supply of water, air, steam, liquids, or gasses, and consist in
furnishing to suitable pipes regulating taps and sometimes ferrules,
either one or both of them so constructed that by means of convenient
cams and pistons the supply of water, etsetera, can be regulated at
pleasure, or when desired stopped off. The improvements may be carried
into effect by constructing the regulating tap of a metal cylinder having
a suitable metal plug or piston working therein, and acting on an india-
rubber collar in lieu of the ordinary stuffing box or packing. The top
of such piston or plug for the purposes of raising it is supplied with a
metal spindle furnished with suitable cams working in a hollowed cavity
made for the purpose, the spindle having a suitable handle whereby it

page_text: can be actuated and when turned partially to right or left the water,
etsetera, supply is regulated; or sometimes a plain piston is used fur-
nished with suitable screwed nut or cap, which when screwed down
presses the end of the piston on the surface of the projecting valve face
of the ferrule, and thus the water, etsetera, supply is stopped off. The
ferrule may be made also of metal having thereon a projecting valve face
intended when applied in combination with the regulating tap to act as
a valve, and so help to regulate the passage or stoppage of the water, air,
etsetera. When it is desired to use my improvements in pipe connec-
tions for the purposes of the more readily cutting off or stopping the
supply of water or gas from the street to houses; I prefer to use the
piston actuated by the screwed nut or cap in conjunction with the ferrule
as above described, and this is conveniently done by attaching to the
ordinary service pipe or main the ferrule screwed into a suitable cylinder
so formed to receive it at one end and the piston at the other, and
furnished with a branch or pipe having a union joint or otherwise, so
that it may be readily connected with the house communication pipe.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROTECTING OUTSIDE PASSENGERS ON OMNIBUSES AND OTHER CARRIAGES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Carter Stafford Percy
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th July 1872.
I, WILLIAM CARTER STAFFORD PERCY, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROTECTING OUTSIDE PASSENGERS
ON OMNIBUSES AND OTHER CARRIAGES," to be as follows:―
My Invention consists in protecting outside passengers by a portable
roof or awning made of waterproof fabric or material supported by
uprights which fit in sockets, and by fixed or movable arms connected
to the uprights; the sides of the awning pass over rails attached to the
arms, and they are held down by cords fixed to the handrails, and a
front sheet is secured to the awning to protect the passengers endwise.
The legs of the passengers are protected by sheets wound on spring
rollers, but the side sheets may be connected to the sides of the awning
to form a complete tent when required. When the awning is not
required it can be entirely removed, or it can be wound on a roller
forming the ridge pole or on side rollers, or by lowering the uprights

page_text: in the sockets the awning forms a cover for the omnibus or other
carriage.
In making an awning for a dog cart or other similar carriage I
support the awning on spring rails fixed to uprights fitting in telescope
sockets; and when the awning is not required the spring rails are bent
over and secured to the splash boards or other convenient part of the
carriage.
The awnings for wagonettes or other similar carriages are supported
by uprights fitting in telescope sockets.
The awnings may also be supported by a ridge pole and uprights and
by spring rails or arms fixed to the ridge pole; the ends of the spring
rails are connected by other rails which are secured by cords to the body
of the carriage.