IMPROVEMENTS IN PISTONS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederic Whaley, of Leeds, in the County of
York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PISTONS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederic Whaley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th August 1874.
I, FREDERIO Whaley, of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PISTONS,"
3 declare the nature of the said Invention for
to be as follows:-
My improvements have reference more particularly to pistons employed
in steam cylinders, but are also applicable to pistons employed for other
purposes, as in hydraulic or air cylinders.
I provide two flanges or circular plates on the piston rod, between
which is placed an expanding ring cut into any desired number of seg-
ments. These segments are caused to move outward by means of
suitable coiled or other springs, which are placed within the expanding

page_text: ring and between the flanges, compensating thereby for the wear of
both the cylinder and the piston.
In order to cause the segments of the expanding ring to work parallel
and also to provide a tight joint between the rings I connect the
segments by means of keys, which are fitted so as to slide freely within 5
them. These keys are forced out simultaneously with the movement of
the segments, filling up the space between the segments as they expand
or move outwards, and preserving perfectly steam-tight joints.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederic Whaley in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 19th February 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERIC
WHALEY, of Leeds, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of August, in the year
of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Frederic Whaley, Her special licence
that I, the said Frederic Whaley, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Frederic Whaley, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PISTONS," upon the condition (amongst others) that. I, the
said Frederic Whaley, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent,

page_text: NOW KNOW ỲE, that I, the said Frederic Whaley, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to

page_text: In order to cause the segments 1, 2, and 3, of the expanding ring d to
work parallel, and also to provide a tight joint between the segments 1, 2,
and 3, I connect them by means of the keys f, which are fitted so as to
slide freely within them. Between the springs e the keys fand segments 1,
2, and 3, are provided the wedges g, which by means of the pressure of the
springs e act upon the segments 1, 2, and 3, and simultaneously on the
keys, causing when required the expansion of the segments 1, 2, and 3,
at the same time moving the keys to the required position. The keys f
by this arrangement fill up the space between the segments 1, 2, and 3,
as they expand or move outwards and preserve the piston steam
tight.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I would remark in con-
clusion, that I do not limit myself to the exact limits, details, and
configuration of parts I have explained and shewn, as the same may of
course be varied or modified without in any way departing from the
nature and principle of my Invention; but what I do claim and desire
to be secured to me by Letters Patent is, the arrangement, construction,
and combination of the various parts forming the piston, substantially as
and for purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederic Whaley, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of February, in the
коли of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-