Improvements in and relating to Crushing Mills.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Feb., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 14th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 16th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Crushing Mills.
I CHARLES WILLIAMS GUY of Laurel Bank, Anerley in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The objects of my invention are to obtain with the same mature power a better
extraction of juice from sugar canes or the like while preserving the fibre and
cellulose from ruptural disintegration thereby rendering it more valuable as fuel :-
To substitute rolls for slide plates or shoots or travelling carriers hitherto employed
for transferring the partly crushed cane from one mill or group of rolls to another :-
To utilize any existing sugar cane crushing plant in carrying out the above objects:-
To strengthen or modify the construction of mill frames either to prevent damage
during transport or to facilitate the transport of the same-To facilitate the
adjustment of the rolls and to more fully equalize the pressures between them-
To render the manipulation of such crushing mills more easy and to facilitate the
removal of any of the rolls when necessary:-To prevent damage to the teeth of
the mill pinions and spur wheels from "backlash"-and to better regulate the
speed of the rolls in multiple crushing mills:-and the following general description
sets forth the nature of my invention.
My invention relates to improvements in the general arrangement of the rolls in
cane crushing mills in which two rolls are in contact with and driven by a central
roll by the addition of one or more rolls or I may place two or more groups of
such rolls in conjunction to which others may be added for the purpose of grinding
or crushing and the method of driving the extended group may be altered to suit
such extension.
My invention also comprises a method of and means for compounding any two
or more crushing mills or groups of rolls forming a crushing mill by interposing
or otherwise in suitable housings or attachments one or more rolls or groups of
rolls of any known configuration.
My invention further comprises a method of and means for forming a compound
set of rolls or multiple mill to and with a single mill without disturbing the
foundations thereof or otherwise by the addition of other rolls either of the same
configuration of the primals or otherwise in suitable housings or frames which may
be placed on each or either side of said mill. The added framing or housings may
either be permanent fixtures or so arranged that they are removeable or they
may be made to slide backwards on suitable ways to enable any of the intermediate
rolls to be removed with greater facility. To any of the above mills I may add
other rolls above the two tiers already formed by the previously mentioned
additional rolls.
My invention comprises a method of and means for forming a compound or
multiple mill by interposing or otherwise other rolls either of the same or of other
configuration between two or more other mills of the class known as double treble
or more crushing plant to which suitable framing and housings are attached thereby
dispensing with the usual cane carriers or equivalents for conveying the partly
crushed cane from one mill to another existing mills forming such plant may remain
undisturbed on their foundations but when the mills are driven by separate engines
and gearing and the distance between such mills is too great for the practical
application of the aforesaid method one mill with its engine and gearing may be
placed nearer to the other or another separate engine mill and gearing may be
placed between any other two mills when the requisite number of rolls with framing
and accessories may be interposed between any two or more of said mills.
My invention also relates to the formation of gaps and apertures in the framing

page_text: of crushing mills for the purpose of facilitating the removal of the lower or other
rolls and the suspension or support therein of said rolls also for greater security
against damage during the transport of said framing the gaps and apertures may
be formed respectively by pedestal columns or otherwise and form an integral part
of such framing or part of such framing.
My invention further relates to a method of equalizing the pressure between the
rolls of the drivers of the compounded groups or mills, or between the primal and
final pair of rolls, or all the rolls may bear an equal strain or pressure during the
passage of the cane between them; or said strains or pressures may be rendered
variable by confining the range of each or any of the driving groups and inter-
mediate roll or rolls independently or otherwise by allowing either lateral, vertical,
or radial freedom of movement to any or all such rolls.
My invention relates to a method of adjusting the distance between any two or
more rolls, and to take up the wear of the rolls and journals whereby the usual
wedges set screws and the like used for the purpose are dispensed with, either by
allowing lateral or vertical movement of the bearings, or both in the usual housings;
or by dispensing with the usual housings when a lower roll or rolls is or are
suspended in bearings on caps by the bolts of the upper cap or caps passing
through the cap or caps of the lower roll or rolls. Said cap or caps and bearings
may have radial freedom or otherwise when the required adjustment is obtained, by
tightening or otherwise, one or more of the nuts of said suspending bolt or bolts,
said radial movement is also applicable to caps of the upper rolls. When the lower
rolls are not suspended I may obtain the same effect by placing a compensating or
other lever below and between any of the said lower rolls and I may also place
such levers above and between the upper caps, and in all cases where the levers
are used they are attached to the bolts passing through the upper and lower caps
or equivalents.
My invention also relates to a method or arrangement of the roll pinions and
driving gear of multiple or continuous crushing mills, whereby any adverse strains
on the teeth of the roll pinions are obviated when two or more driving shafts or
coupling shafts connect the mill to the main gearing arising from "backlash," by
breaking the continuous contact of the teeth of the roll pinions, either by not
fixing a pinion on one or more of the rolls between any of the drivers, or by placing
the pinions of each group or part of each group alternately on the opposite side of
the mill, or by fixing claw clutches to one or each end of the coupling shaft or
shafts, or one such shaft may not be provided with said couplings or, when only one
driving or connecting shaft connects the mill to the main gearing, the roll pinions
are arranged on the opposite side of the mill or groups of rolls, to the spur wheels
one of which is placed or fixed upon an upper roll shaft gearing with a second spur
wheel upon one of the lower roll shafts, which in turn gears with and drives a
third spur wheel upon one of the upper roll shafts, and said arrangement may be
continued on either or each side of the coupling shaft aforesaid or I may reverse
the order of driving, although using the same gearing, by attaching the coupling
shaft in the first place to one of the lower rolls, or I may drive the mill by the
upper or lower rolls only by placing between the first and second spur wheel or
between others an intermediate or idle wheel which may revolve loosely on one of
the roll shafts, or be fixed to, or revolve loosely on another shaft or I may dispense
with the usual coupling shaft and in lieu thereof prolong or extend the intermediate
shaft, or shafts of the gearing and drive therefrom the intermediate or idle wheel
or wheels.
In order to facilitate the removal of the spur wheels I may pass a shaft on
bearings to the other side of the mill connecting this to the intermediate shaft of
the gearing and the driving pinion may be fixed to the other end thereof; and to
prevent as far as possible adverse strains upon the teeth or cogs of the roll pinions,
when the rotary motion is checked or its direction reversed I may key the first
spur wheel on the roll shaft and the second or other spur wheel may be attached
to its shaft, by means of a friction clutch or other device to relieve excessive strain,

page_text: by allowing an independent movement and I may otherwise adopt friction clutches
or facings or similar arrangements to facilitate the removal of the wheels or pinions
instead of employing keys, feathers or other rigid fittings.
My invention also relates to a method of or means for ensuring the rolls of the
compound or multiple mill when driven by more than one independent engine and
gearing revolving synchronously, either by connecting the engines with coupling
rods on to the driving cranks of two or more engines, or supplementary cranks, or
by suitable cog wheels, friction wheels chain gearing or other devices for effecting
the same purpose either upon the crank shafts of the engines or on any other
suitable shafts connected to or with the main gearings.
My invention relates to a method of and means for suspending all the inter-
mediate rolls between any two drivers, whereby they may be removed with greater
facility, by placing a girder or framing between the housings or otherwise of said
drivers, to which they are suspended by suitable appliances or means.
My invention also relates to a method and means for fixing supporting and
adjusting the dumb returners either by pockets forming an integral part of the
framing or by fixing said pockets on to them by suitable means or by carrying them
on the lower roll caps or by securing them to and with the bolts passing between
and through the upper and lower roll caps or said dumb returners may be
suspended or otherwise radially to and with their respective rolls.
Dated this 10th of February 1891
FREDK.
WALKER,
11, Furnival Street, Holborn, London, E.C.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Crushing Mills.
I, CHARLES WILLIAMS GUY of Laurel Bank, Anerley in the County of
Surrey, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The objects of my invention are as follows, that is to say ;-
Firstly. To obtain with the same motive power a better extraction of juice
from sugar canes or the like, while preserving the fibre and cellulose from ruptural
disintegration, thereby rendering it more valuable as fuel.
Secondly. To substitute rolls for the travelling carriers hitherto employed for
transferring the partly crushed cane from one mill to another.
Thirdly. To utilise as far as possible any existing sugar cane crushing plant in
combination with my improvements herein after described, in carrying out the
above objects.
Fourthly. To strengthen or modify the construction of mill frames either to
prevent damage during transport, or to facilitate the transport of the same.
Fifthly. To facilitate the adjustment of the rolls and to more fully equalize the
pressures between them.
Sixthly. To arrange the driving gear so as to prevent damage to the teeth of
the mill pinions and spur wheels.
In order that my invention may be the better understood, I have appended the
accompanying five sheets of drawings in which Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8
Sheet 1 are diagrammatic views shewing the methods of and means for forming
multiple roll mills by placing or combining two or more groups of rolls, or com-
pounding groups by interposing one or more rolls between each group.
Figure 1 Sheet 2 is an elevation of a multiple roll mill in which the rolls are
in consecutive contact or approximate contact with each other, as hereinafter
described.
Figure 2, Sheet 2, is a plan view of the arrangement of the coupling jaws on
the driving pinions, for preventing adverse strains, as hereinafter described.

page_text: Figure 3, Sheet 2, is an elevational view of a framing for a multiple roll mill
according to my invention, and Figure 4 upon the same sheet is an elevational
view of another form of such framing.
Figure 5, Sheet 3, shews in elevation the formation of the framing of a multiple
roll mill and also a method of arranging the spur wheels and pinions for the driving
gear, and Figure 6 upon the same sheet is a plan view illustrative of said arrange-
ment of gearing.
Figure 7, Sheet 3, is an elevational view of a formation of framing according
to my invention, and also a method of arranging the roll pinions when the mill is
driven by two or more coupling shafts from the main gearing, and Figure 8 upon
the same sheet is a plan view of such an arrangement of gearing.
Figure 9, Sheet 4, is an elevation of a framing for multiple roll mills in which
free lateral movement is provided for the intermediate rolls, and also the further
securing of the upper framing to the pedestal.
Figure 10 upon the same sheet is a plan view shewing the arrangement of the
roll pinions in a multiple roll mill having two or more drivers.
Figure 11, Sheet 4, is an elevation of a framing for a multiple roll mill, the
upper part being fixed to and on a pedestal, and Figure 12 upon the same sheet is
a modification thereof, in which two pedestals are shewn.
Figure 13, Sheet 5, is an elevational view shewing the construction of the
framing for a multiple roll mill in which the upper part is secured to the pedestals,
and Figure 14 upon the same sheet is an elevation of a different arrangement of
the framing of a multiple roll mill, having fixed and removeable pockets for
securing dumb returners to the framing.
Figure 15, Sheet 5, shews in elevation the construction of a framing for multiple
roll mills, the upper part of which is attached to pedestals, and Figure 16 upon
the same sheet is an elevational view of another modification of the framing
according to my invention which is fully set forth in the description hereto
appended.
The multiple roll mills to which my invention refers are those in which the con-
formation of the rolls are so that these are in contact or approximately so one
with the other, and consisting of more rolls than those in contact or approximate
contact with a driving roll, some of which are shewn by Figure 8, Sheet 1,
Figure 11, Sheet 4 and Figures 13 and 14 Sheet 5, and also when the conforma-
tion of the rolls in contact or approximate contact one with the other and having
two or more driving rolls, shewn by Figure 1, Sheet 1, where J and K are the
driving rolls, and Figure 2, Sheet 1, where D D are the driving rolls, Figure 2,
Sheet 2, where 1 and 4 are the driving rolls, Figure 3, Sheet 2 where D and E
are the driving rolls, or when F, G, H are the driving rolls, and on Figure 12
Sheet 4 when DD' are the driving rolls, in contra-distinction to multiple roll mills
which are formed by two or more separate mills or groups of rolls which are not in
contact or approximate contact one with the other.
In carrying the first object of my invention into effect, which relates to improve-
ments in the general arrangement of the rolls in sugar cane crushing mills in which
two rolls are in contact with and are driven by a central roll, by the addition of an
upper roll, shewn by Figure 8, Sheet 1, where the two outer rolls b and c are around
the central roll a, the axial lines of a, c, and a. b being at or within the arc of a
circle of 90°, to which combination is added the upper roll 9. Further, in arranging
or placing two or more groups of rolls in conjunction with each other as shewn by
Figure 1 Sheet 1 in which the two upper rolls a c and d f of each group are placed
in the same plane, and the lower rolls b, e, at any suitable angle therewith. Another
roll g is placed above the roll c, and to facilitate the passage of the canes through
the mill, I may decrease the arc of contact of the rolls by lowering the axes of
the rolls c. g and the roll f. This form of mill may be driven by the rolls J and K
and Figure 12, Sheet 4, shews another arrangement in which two or more of the
before mentioned groups of rolls are placed in conjunction with each other, the
driving rolls being D and D¹ in this case. Figure 2, Sheet 1 shews the conjunc-

page_text: tion of the groups of rolls a. b. c. d. e. ƒ in which the axes of the lower rolls b. c
of the one group may be in the same plane as the axes of the two upper rolls d. f.
of the other group, and to facilitate the passage of the canes through the mill, I
may raise the axes of the rolls d and e, D and D' being the driving rolls.
To any of the mills hereinbefore described I may add other rolls to extend the
number of pressures or to facilitate the feed or delivery of the canes to or from
said mills, and may place such rolls in any suitable position to secure the desired
effect.
I may compound any two or more crushing mills, or groups of rolls forming &
crushing mill by the addition or interposition of one or more rolls, or groups of
rolls of known configuration, in suitable housings or attachments as shewn by
Figure 3, Sheet 1, in which a group of two rolls z z¹ the axes of which are in the
same vertical plane, are interposed between other groups of rolls, and the axis of
the roll 2 may be in the same plane as the axes of the rolls in contact therewith
or otherwise, as further shewn by Figure 4, Sheet 1, in which is interposed a group
of rolls . unequally pitched around a central roll Z D, and the axes of the
rolls z, z D, and may be in the same plane. In Figure 5, Sheet 1 a group of
two rolls z and are interposed, and arranged at any suitable angle, the upper
roll z being in contact or approximate contact with one of the compounded groups,
and the lower roll being in contact with the other compounded group, and this is
further shewn by Figure 6 Sheet 1 in which the roll 2 is interposed or placed
between and above the axes of the compounded groups. Figure 7 Sheet 1 shews
the interposition of a group of two rolls and 2 in which the axis of the roll z
may be in the same plane as the axes of the compounded groups. And according
to the same method I may compound two or more groups of rolls of known con-
figuration by interposing a roll or a group of rolls of the ordinary three roll type,
or other known type or formation.
In carrying out that part of my invention which relates to the method of and
means for forming a compound set of rolls or a multiple roll mill to and with a
single existing mill without disturbing the foundations thereof, I may add other
rolls thereto, either of the same configuration as the primals or otherwise, in
suitable housings or frames which may be placed on each or either side of said
mill. Such added framing or housings may either be permanent fixtures, or
be so arranged that they are removeable, or they may be made to slide back-
wards on suitable ways or slides to enable any of the intermediate rolls to be
removed.
The second object of my invention relates to a method of and means for forming
a compound or multiple roll mill by the interposition of other rolls either of the
same or of other configuration between two or more other existing mills of the
class known as double, treble, or more, crushing plant, to which suitable framings
and housings are attached, thereby dispensing with the usual cane carriers or
equivalents for conveying partly crushed canes from one mill or group of rolls to
another; the mills forming such plant remaining undisturbed. When the mills
are driven by separate engines and gearing, and the distance between such mills is
too great for the practical application of the aforesaid method, one mill with its
engine and gearing may be placed nearer to the other, or another separate engine,
mill, and gearing, may be placed between any other two mills, and the requisite
number of rolls with framing and accessories may be interposed between any two
or more of said mills.
In carrying the third object of my invention into effect, which relates to the
strengthening or modifying the construction of mill frames either to prevent
damage during transport, or to facilitate the transport of the same, I construct
the framing by securing the upper parts thereof to pedestals, columns or equivalents,
as shewn by Figures 1 and 4 Sheet 2, Figures 5 and 7 Sheet 3, Figures 9, 11, 12,
Sheet 4, and Figures 13, 14, 15 Sheet 5. In Figure 1 Sheet 2, A is the upper
part of the framing, and is secured as at for 1 to the pedestals B. C by the flanges

page_text: as at e. e or otherwise by bolts, and by the side caps being toggled to and with
said pedestals, and the upper part of the frame as at p q, and further by the
through bolts as at j by the nut g and key k, and the pedestals may be secured to
the usual sole plate E as at r by bolts, or attached together by toggling the closing
cap of the lower roll as at S, or by one or more horizontal bolts therewith, shewn
at S¹. The bearings of the lower rolls may be suspended as shewn, or I may use
any form of closing blocks to support them, in which the housing is formed for the
bearings t of the roll shaft, or may use an ordinary block closing up to the lower
part of the upper framing upon which the bearing t may rest, and I may provide
suitable means for the adjustment thereof. I may also employ and adapt the
blocks as above mentioned to other suitable places between the upper parts of the
pedestals of the mill framing herein described without departing from the essential
features of my invention. In Figure 4, Sheet 2, A, B, &, are the upper parts of
the framing which may be fixed by bolts to the pedestal Cat w, y, z, or k, may form
part of the pedestal C, or the part in some cases may be dispensed with. The
upper parts of the framing S S' may be further secured to the jaw o or the closing
capt by the bolt r, the distance piece p and the key 9 or otherwise. On Figure 5,
Sheet 3 the upper parts of the framing A B being fixed and secured to the
pedestal D at op by bolts or otherwise, are further secured thereto by the bolts e e¹
passing through the upper jaws of the housings of the rolls 1 and 5 and secured to
the pedestal D, or otherwise, as by the keys and i', and in Figure 7, Sheet 3, the
upper parts of the framing A, C, D, may be keyed on to the pedestal B as at l, w,
and the part as at F may form a portion of the pedestal B, or otherwise as at C,
or said pedestal may be grooved as at t or tongued as at n, or the pedestal B
may be either tongued or grooved for its entire length, and the upper parts A, C, D,
may be fixed thereto by bolts or pins as at m and the bearings of the lower rolls
will either be made to conform to the tongue or groove or otherwise. In bracing
the upper parts of the framing together they may be secured as by the block E,
keyed and toggled as to and with AF at k, and further, by the vertical bolts
passing through and held in place by a nut under the closing caps of the upper
rolls, or by the distance piece and the through bolto or the bolt o may be secured
by a nut, key, or pin let in the framing as C at p. On Figure 9, Sheet 4, the
upper framing A. is secured as at d to the pedestals B or as at d to C by bolts
and flanges or otherwise, and may be further secured as by the bolts e to the lugs
or flanges or the bolts e may be recessed in the pedestal and upper framing.
The closing cap may be toggled. In Figure 11, Sheet 4, the upper part of the
framing A is secured to the pedestal B as at f, and may be further supported by
the short pedestals c and d, and the removeable housing e or d and e may form one
pedestal by being braced to the pedestal B by the lower closing caps being toggled
thereto. In Figure 12, Sheet 4, the upper framing A is shewn as secured to the
pedestals B. C by bolts at the transverse flanges e. f. g. and at d by bolts or pins h,
and further by the vertical holding down bolts, instead of suspending the lower
roll, by the cap i. I may use any existing form or type of closing block in which
the housing is formed for the bearings of the roll shafts and adjusted by means of
wedges or equivalent means therefor.
By Figure 13, Sheet 5, the upper framing A is secured to the pedestals B by
stud bolts, as at a or and as at the transverse flanges d. e. and further by the
through bolts 7. 2'. By keys s, t, pedestals as shown by C may be secured to an
ordinary sole plate F, or I may dispense with this latter, and make the pedestals
in one piece as at B, D being the juice tray attached thereto by bolts P shewn
by the dotted outline, and E a cross girder, these being formed in one piece, or
the girders separate, to facilitate transport, and this method of construction may
be adopted in the case of the use of any of the pedestals herein described.
In Figure 14, Sheet 5, the upper framing A is secured to a straight pedestal B,
and to a curved pedestal C, as shewn by hand e respectively.
In Figure 15, Sheet 5, the upper part of the framing A is shewn as secured to

page_text: the pedestals B, C at j k and further by a removeable pedestal D, secured to the.
sole plate or its equivalent at e, and a key land to the upper framing A. by the
bolts i.
To any of the hereinbefore described framings in which the lower rolls are
suspended in gaps, I may instead of suspending these, support them by a
removeable closing block or blocks between the pedestals; the holding down or
suspending bolts are then either secured in said removeable closing block or
blocks, or may pass through the sole plate, and be secured in the ordinary
manner, the lower rolls being adjusted by means of wedges, set screws or equivalent.
appliances.
Figures 3, Sheet 2, and 16 Sheet 5 shew the other mode of constructing the
framing, by placing and fixing a girder between the housings of any two driving
rolls.
Referring to Figure 3, Sheet 2, the girder or frame A may be secured to the.
housing C as of the driving roll D at m, which may be vertical, or placed at any
other suitable angle by bolts, or bolts and toggles, or the frame or girder A may
be fixed to the housing as at B, of the driving roll E and form part of the said
housing and is toggled at n and further secured by the bolt p, and a column may be
placed at o to further support the frame or girder A, or instead of suspending the
lower rolls, I may support them on a moveable block or blocks, the holding
down bolts being secured to and passing through the sole plate.
By Figure 16, Sheet 5, I shew a similar framing comprising the housings of the
drivers A C, to which the girders or frame B, as the case may be, are fixed in any
suitable manner thereto, and is a pedestal for further supporting the central upper
framing or ginter and may be a fixture or may be removeable.
In carrying into effect the fourth object of my invention, which relates to more
fully equalising the pressures between the rolls of the drivers of the compounded
groups of rolls or mills, or multiple roll mills, between the primal and final pair of
rolls, or to arrange that all the rolls may bear an approximately equal strain or
pressure during the passage of the cane between them; or that said strains or pres-
sures may be rendered variable by confining the range of each or any of the driving
groups and intermediate roll or rolls independently or otherwise by allowing either
lateral vertical or radial freedom of movement to any such rolls, as shewn by
Figures 1, 3 and 4 Sheet 2; Figures 5 and 7 Sheet 3, Figure 9 Sheet 4 and
Figures 15 and 16 Sheet 5.
Taking the first example shewn by Figure 1 Sheet 2, in which n is a space
between the bearings of the roll 2 and its housing, allowing lateral freedom of
movement thereto, and i being adjusting packings or wedges, which serve also
to limit or confine the lateral movements of the rolls 2 and 3, the bearing of
the latter may abut against its housing as at o, thereby fixing the distance
between the rolls 3 and 4, at h, o. and i and spaces as at n may be provided for
equalizing the pressures between the rolls 1, 2, 3 and 4, the rolls 4 and 1 being in.
this case the driving rolls.
In Figure 3, Sheet 1, spaces ƒ and g are shewn between the bearings h, i ofhe
upper intermediate roll F thus allowing of a free lateral movement thereto.
In Figure 4, Sheet 2, I shew that the upper roll F may have lateral or radial
freedom of movement between the rolls mn, the bearings g h of which may either
be fixed in their housings as shewn by g or have lateral freedom of movement as
at h. the upper roll F being either supported in the head i. l. as shewn, which is
secured by the bolts jj to the pedestal O; by the pins a, or by a double ended
lever 6 fixed at any suitable place below w, and the nuts which secure the parts of
said head i. 7. must have spherical washers as shewn by k to permit of its movement
without an adverse strain on any of the bolts. The journal of the roll F must not.
be gripped in its bearings when supported by the pins a, since a clearance may be
allowed between the bearing and the journal of F as at 1; but in some cases of
application the part I may be dispensed with.
In Figure 5, Sheet 3, % and 1 are spaces between the bearings f of the lower

page_text: roll 3, and its housing in the framing, allowing lateral freedom of movement thereto,
the bearings of the upper roll 4 fitting in their housings and the bearings of the
upper roll 2 are fixed in their housings by the packings or wedges j. l.
In Figure 7, the bearings of the upper rolls 2, 4 and 6 fit in their housings, the
bearings of the lower rolls 3 and 5 are allowed free lateral movement by providing
spaces gg and g g' between them and the upper framings or housings, thereby
equalizing the pressures between the rolls 2, 3 and 4 and 4, 5 and 6 respectively.
In Figure 9, Sheet 4, the bearings ƒ of the rolls 3, 4 and 5 are allowed freedom
of movement in their respective housings by the spaces as at g g¹ thus equalizing
the pressures between the rolls 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.
Referring to Figure 15, Sheet 5, the bearings of the intermediate roll 1 may
have lateral freedom of movement in its housings at each side by being provided
with spaces g, h, and in Figure 16 upon the same sheet, the bearings 7 and 8 and the
caps g. h. of the lower rolls d. e. may be suspended from the upper caps 1. 2 and i,
either by outer bolts as at j. j, m. m and the central bolts v. w, or by the central
bolts 1, v. w. k, and when they are suspended by the outer bolts, the central bolts kl,
must be fixed to the framing as shewn on the drawing Figure 18 Sheet 5 by the
bolt and the key t and when they are suspended by the inner bolts, the outer
bolts j. j, m. m, must be fixed to the framing as shewn by the bolts m. m keyed at p,
also referring to Figure 17 the upper cap 2 having radial movement above the
upper bearing f, thus allowing free vertical movement of the roll in the housings
as at e, and to the bearings, below which the cap h has radial movement, and both
vertical and lateral movement of the roll is given as at the roll d by being freely
suspended by the cap g to and with the bolts of the upper caps, as at 1 and 2 but
when free lateral movement of the lower rolls is desired the upper cap 2 has no
radial freedom of motion. Spaces n and o are provided between the bearings
of the upper rolls a band the outer side of the housings thereof, which, whilst
allowing lateral movement decreases the spaces between the rolls a, y, and b z
otherwise said spaces between the rolls are limited by reason of the bearings of
the upper rolls abutting against the inner sides of their housings, and the closing
caps of the outer lower rolls y z.
When the bearings of any driving roll has lateral or vertical movement, it is
advisable to limit such, and keep the axes as nearly as possible in alignment with
the gearing shaft and roll shaft, so as not to cause undue strains on the couplings.
The pinion teeth of the rolls which have free movement should be of the involute
type, so as to prevent or minimise abrasion thereof, and the dumb returners or knives
must also be moveable by suspending them or arranging them in suitable guides and
connected either to the bearings or shafts of such rolls.
In carrying the fifth object of my invention into effect which relates to the
adjustment of the distance between any two or more rolls whereby the usual
wedges or rigid packing used for the purpose are dispensed with, either by allowing
lateral or vertical movement of the bearings of the lower rolls in housings, or
by dispensing with the usual housings when a lower roll or rolls is or are sus-
pended in bearings or caps by the bolts of the upper cap or caps passing through
the cap or caps of the lower roll or rolls, and said cap or caps and bearing may
have radial freedom or otherwise when the required adjustment is obtained by
und said radial movement is also applicable to caps of the Sheet 4, and Figure 16
tightening or otherwise, one or more of the nuts of said suspending bolt or bolts,
rolls, and is shewn
by Figure 4 Sheet 2, Figures 5 and 7 Sheet 3, Figure 9
Sheet 5.
Referring to Figure 4 Sheet 2 the distance between the rolls F m and F n E is
adjusted by tightening or otherwise the nuts under and above the head i. 1 of the
bolts j. j, said head i. l. being secured to the pedestal C by the bolts j. j. as at a or to the
double ended lever shewn by a dotted outline at b. In Figure 9 Sheet 4 the bolts j. j.
are secured to the framing by the collar o and nut ? or by a key as at k, the bolts of
the central roll 4, which pass through the caps n, do not require to be fixed in the
framing when the distance between the rolls 2,3,4 is adjusted by the tightening or other-

page_text: wise of the nuts under the cap n of the roll 3, and in a like manner the distances
between the rolls 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 can be adjusted simultaneously, by tightening or
otherwise one of the nuts of the bolts under the caps n or above the cap m, when
radial movement is given thereto or when a double ended lever is substituted for
said cap.
In Figure 16, Sheet 5, the caps gm of the lower rolls d. e. are freely
suspended from the upper caps, 1. 2, i, by the bolts l. v. w. k or m, v. w.j, the lower
bearings as at r may be fixed in the lower caps or may be concentric as at s, and
allowing the cap h to have free radial movement. The bearing as at & may be
fixed in the housing, and the upper cap 2 is allowed radial motion above the
bearing the distances between the rolls a. d. c. e and 6 can be adjusted simul-
taneously by tightening or otherwise one or more of the nuts of the said suspending
bolts. Referring to Figure 1, Sheet 2, it will be seen that under the bearing of
the upper roll 2, is placed a spring or an elastic packing m and the distances
between the rolls 1, 2, 3 can be adjusted by tightening or otherwise one or both
nuts above the cap k and spaces as at n are provided for allowing vertical move-
ment of said cap k, and spaces may also be provided at oi when the distances
between the rolls 2, 3, 4 or 1, 2, 3, 4 can be thus adjusted by tightening or other-
wise, one or both meets above the cap k. Referring to Figure 7, Sheet 3 under
the bearing
e of the upper roll 4 is placed a spring or an elastic packing i and
spaces g g and 99 are provided to allow lateral freedom of movement to the
bearings of the lower rolls and spaces are provided below the upper caps to
allow of adjustment, and the distances between the rolls 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, may thus
be adjusted by tightening or otherwise the nuts on the bolts of the caps.
Figure 5, Sheet 3, under the bearing of the upper roll 2, is placed a spring, or
an elastic packing k and spaces h and hi are provided for allowing the bearing f
of the roll 3 to have lateral movement, and spaces 9 below the cap r are for
vertical adjustment thereof. The distances between the rolls 2, 3, 4, are adjusted
by tightening or otherwise the nut of the holding down bolts above the upper cap r.
In carrying into effect the sixth object of my invention, which relates to the pre-
vention of damage to the teeth of the mill pinions and spur wheels thereof, which
is obviated by an arrangement of said pinions and the driving gear of multiple or
continuous crushing mills when two or more driving shafts connect the mill to the
main gearing, the continuous contact of the teeth of the roll pinions is broken
either by not fixing a pinion on one of the rolls between any of the drivers, or
by placing the pinions of each group alternately on the opposite side of the mill,
or by using coupling shafts with claw clutches, in contra-distinction to the ordinary
square coupling shafts with loose sleeves, or when only one driving or connecting
shaft connects the mill to the main gearing, the roll pinions may be arranged on
the opposite side of the mill or groups of rolls, to that of the spur wheels, one of
which is placed or fixed upon an upper roll shaft, gearing with a second spur wheel
upon one of the lower roll shafts, and said arrangement may be continued on either
or each side of the coupling shaft aforesaid, and is shewn by Figure 2, Sheet 2,
Figures 6 and 8 Sheet 3 and Figure 10 Sheet 4.
In
Referring to Figure 2, Sheet 2, the jaws 6 and 7 for the coupling shafts are cast
upon their respective coupling boss 8 and pinions p 7, the boss having no cogs.
The plan view Figure 6, Sheet 3, shews the driving arrangement in combination
with the roll pinions and C is the jaw or equivalent for fixing the coupling shaft to
the rolls. The rolls 2, 3, 4, 5 are provided with pinions p. p. p. p on the one side
of the mill, and to the rolls 4 and 1 are keyed the driving spur wheels s and s'
respectively. This mill may also be driven from the opposite side as shewn by the
jaws at a or a and b upon the same figure. The plan view, Figure. 8, Sheet 3,
shews the arrangement of the roll pinions; and 9 are the jaws on the driving
rolls 2 and 6 for coupling the mill to the gearing. The rolls 1, 2, 3, 4 are provided
with pinions p at one side of the mill, in gear with the driving roll' 2 and the rolls 6
and 7 with the driving roll 6 and on the opposite side of the mill, pinions are
fixed to the shafts of the rolls 5 and 6, and rotary' motion is thereby imparted
to said roll 5 by the pinion p on the shaft of the roll 6, forming two groups,

page_text: 1
the pinions of both groups not being in continuous contact; or I may arrange
that an upper roll, as 4 may have no roll pinion fixed to its shaft; and rotary
motion may be imparted thereto by allowing it to be in self adjusting frictional
contact with the lower rolls 3 and 5 by providing vertical and lateral free move-
ment to its bearings, or by an independent driving shaft, as on roll 1 Figure 2,
Sheet 2, or by independent spur wheels S S₁ Figure 6, Sheet 3.
The plan view Figure 10 Sheet 4 shews the driving arrangement in combination
with the roll pinions p p p p of the rolls 4, 5, 6 and 7 which are driven at the
jaws 8. 8 on the one side of the mill, and the roll pinions p. p. of the rolls 1, 2, 3
on the other side of the mill and are driven by the coupling shaft and jaws 9. 9 of
the coupling boss fixed on the shaft of the roll 2.
I wish it to be understood that I do not claim multiple rolls in the construction
of sugar cane mills, when their configurations are repetitions of the ordinary three
roll mills, nor the compounding two or more groups of rolls when their united con-
figurations are repetitions of said ordinary three roll mills, nor do I claim gaps in
the framing for the removal of the rolls, nor for the suspension or support of the
rolls therein.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. In a sugar cane crushing mill the combination formed by the
rolls a. b. c. d. e. f. substantially as herein described and shewn by the diagram-
matic Figures 1 and 2 Sheet 1 of the appended drawings.
Second. In a sugar cane crushing mill the formation of a multiple roll mill by
compounding two or more groups of rolls by interposing one or more rolls or groups
of rolls, substantially as herein described and partly shewn by the diagrammatic
Figures 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Sheet 1 of the appended drawings.
Third.--In a sugar cane crushing mill the substitution of rolls for the ordinary
cane carriers, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth and described.
Fourth. In a sugar cane crushing mill the construction of framing therefor with
pedestals or columns substantially as and for the purposes herein described and
shewn by Figures 1 and 4 Sheet 2,5 and 7 Sheet 3, 9. 11 12, Sheet 4, 13. 14 and 15
Sheet 5 of the appended drawings.
Fifth. In a sugar cane crushing mill the combination with multiple roll systems
of the methods of and means for equalizing the pressure between the intermediate
and driving rolls, substantially as herein described with reference to Figures 1. 3.
and 4 Sheet 2, 5 and 7 Sheet 3, 9 Sheet 4, and 15 and 16 Sheet 5 of the appended
drawings.
Sixth. In a sugar cane crushing mill, the combination with multiple roll systems
of the methods of and means for adjusting the distances between the rolls thereof,
substantially as herein described and shewn by Figures 4 Sheet 2, 5 and 7 Sheet 3,
9, Sheet 4, and 16 Sheet 5 of the drawings hereto appended.
Seventh. In a sugar cane crushing mill the combination with a multiple roll
system of the method of and means for preventing damage to the teeth of the
spur wheels or roll pinions substantially as herein described with reference to
Figures 2 Sheet 2, 6 and 8 Sheet 3, and Figure 10 Sheet 4 of the appended
drawings.
Eighth. In a sugar cane crushing mill the construction of a multiple roll mill
by combining any of the configurations herein described and shewn with any or
all of the devices for increasing the efficiency of the apparatus, as herein specifically
described and referred to in the preceding claims.
Doted this 7th day of December 1901
FREDK. WALKER,
11, Furnival Street, Holborn, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.