CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF AXLES, AXLETREES, AND THE NAVES OF WHEELS FOR CARRIAGES
Year: 1838

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, STANISLAUS
DARTHEZ, of Austin Friars, in the City of London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the First day of December, in the second year of Her reign,
and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me; the said
Stanislaus Darthez, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege, and
authority that I, the said Stanislaus Darthez, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Stanislaus Darthez, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND
ARRANGEMENT OF AXLES, AXLETREES, AND THE NAVES OF WHEELS FOR CARRIAGES,"
being a communication from a foreigner residing abroad; in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said Stanislaus Darthez, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same iš
to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in Her Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately;

page_text: after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said.
Stanislaus Darthez, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say):-
These improvements in the construction and arrangement of axles, axletrees,
and the naves of wheels for carriages, consist in a novel mode of relieving the
friction caused by the rubbing of the peripheries of the axles against the internal
parts of the boxes or naves of wheels as they revolve. This is effected in the
present improved construction and arrangement of axles, axletrees, and the
naves of wheels for carriages, by introducing into recesses formed in the solid
part of the axle certain cylindrical antifriction rollers, the peripheries of which
rollers are intended to meet the internal surface of the box or nave of the
wheel, and as it revolves to relieve the friction which would otherwise
occur from the rubbing of the surfaces of the axle and box against each
other.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 represents the axle A, and the box
or nave B, B, B, cut through in transverse section; C, C, C, are three
cylindrical rollers, let into corresponding recesses formed in the solid part of
the axle A. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the axle A, and of the box
or nave B, B, shewing one of the cylindrical antifriction rollers C in its place
within the recess formed in the axle. Fig. 3 represents an external view of
the axle A (the box B being removed), in which two of the antifriction
rollers C, C, are partially seen. The ends of the rollers are reduced in their
diameters, for the purpose of turning in brass bearings set in the recesses,
and oil or other anti-attritious material may be introduced into the box of the
wheel through an opening closed by a screw, as shewn at D in Fig. 2.
When the axle so furnished with the antifriction rollers has been inserted into
the box of the wheel, the cap plate E, E, sliding loosely upon the back part
of the axle, may be affixed to the box B by bolts and nuts, which will keep
the wheel securely attached to the axle.
I do not intend to confine myself to any particular dimensions of the
axle and box, as that must depend upon the required strength, nor to any
precise number of antifriction rollers, as that may be a matter of taste or
convenience, but I claim the introduction of antifriction rollers into the axle

page_text: of the wheel for the purpose of relieving the friction caused by the rubbing
of the surfaces of the axle and box as the wheel goes round.
In witness whereof, I, the said Stanislaus Darthez, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this First day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine.

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, STANISLAUS
DARTHEZ, of Austin Friars, in the City of London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the First day of December, in the second year of Her reign,
and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Stanislaus Darthez, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege, and
authority that I, the said Stanislaus Darthez, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Stanislaus Darthez, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND
ARRANGEMENT OF AXLES, AXLETREES, AND THE NAVES OF WHEELS FOR CARRIAGES,"
being a communication from a foreigner residing abroad; in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said Stanislaus Darthez, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same iş
to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in Her. Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next. and immediately
.

page_text: after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Stanislaus Darthez, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say):-
.
These improvements in the construction and arrangement of axles, axletrees,
and the naves of wheels for carriages, consist in a novel mode of relieving the
friction caused by the rubbing of the peripheries of the axles against the internal
parts of the boxes or naves of wheels as they revolve. This is effected in the
present improved construction and arrangement of axles, axletrees, and the
naves of wheels for carriages, by introducing into recesses formed in the solid
part of the axle certain cylindrical antifriction rollers, the peripheries of which
rollers are intended to meet the internal surface of the box or nave of the
wheel, and as it revolves to relieve the friction which would otherwise
occur from the rubbing of the surfaces of the axle and box against each
other.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. I represents the axle A, and the box
or nave B, B, B, cut through in transverse section; C, C, C, are three
cylindrical rollers, let into corresponding recesses formed in the solid part of
the axle A. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the axle A, and of the box
or nave B, B, shewing one of the cylindrical antifriction rollers C in its place
within the recess formed in the axle. Fig. 3 represents an external view of
the axle A (the box B being removed), in which two of the antifriction
rollers C, C, are partially seen. The ends of the rollers are reduced in their
diameters, for the purpose of turning in brass bearings set in the recesses,
and oil or other anti-attritious material may be introduced into the box of the
wheel through an opening closed by a serew, as shewn at D in Fig. 2.
When the axle so furnished with the antifriction rollers has been inserted into
the box of the wheel, the cap plate E, E, sliding loosely upon the back part
of the axle, may be affixed to the box B by bolts and nuts, which will keep
the wheel securely attached to the axle.
I do not intend to confine myself to any particular dimensions of the
axle and box, as that must depend upon the required strength, nor to any
precise number of antifriction rollers, as that may be a matter of taste or
convenience, but I claim the introduction of antifriction rollers into the axle

page_text: of the wheel for the purpose of relieving the friction caused by the rubbing
of the surfaces of the axle and box as the wheel goes round.
In witness whereof, I, the said Stanislaus Darthez, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this First day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine.