Improvements in the Manufacture of Cement.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Sept., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 12th Jan., 1898-Accepted, 12th Mar., 1898
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cement.
We, THOMAS HOLDEN, of Bridgwater, in the County of Somerset, Manufacturing
Director of the Bridgwater Portland Cement Company Limited, and CHARLES
MAJOR, of Bridgwater, aforesaid, Director and Secretary of the said Company, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of Portland or other cement from clay
and chalk or limestone or the like in a more simple and economical way than
hitherto.
The materials are used dry, being reduced to a fine powder without the addition
of water, the said powder, without further manipulation, being transferred to the
kiln and " set" between layers of coke, or other fuel the layers being connected
with each other by forming columns, or portions, of fuel at intervals through the
layers of powder so as to allow the fire to pass through the whole charge with
readiness and to cause the even burning of the clinker. After burning and when
the charge is cool it is removed from the kiln and prepared for use as cement.
Dated this 8th day of September 1897
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cement.
We, THOMAS HOLDEN, of Bridgwater, in the County of Somerset, Manufacturing
Director of the Bridgwater Portland Cement Company Limited, and CHARLES
MAJOR, of Bridgwater, aforesaid, Director and Secretary of the said Company, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of Portland or other cement, from
clay and chalk, or limestone or the like in a more simple and economical way than
hitherto. In the process according to this invention the materials are used dry,
and reduced to a fine powder. The said powder, without the addition of water,
and without further preparation or manipulation, is transferred to the kiln and
"set" between layers of coke, or other fuel, the layers being preferably connected
with each other by forming columns, or portions, of fuel at intervals through the
layers of powder, so as to allow the fire to pass through the whole charge with
readiness, and to cause the even burning of the clinker.

page_text: The accompanying drawing represents, in vertical section in Figure 1, and in
horizontal section, (on the line 1, 2), in Figure 2, a kiln charged in the manner
herein before described, a shewing the cement making materials filled into the
kiln in the form of a dry powder and alternating with layers of fuel b. After each
layer of fuel is put in columns of fuel 6ª are formed thereupon which can be done
by filling the fuel into short pipes, which can be afterwards removed, or, if desired,
allowed to remain in place, in which case they would preferably be perforated
through the sides. The space around these columns is then filled in with the
cement making materials in the form of dry powder, and then another layer of
fuel is introduced, and another series of columns of fuel built up thereon, ag
described, and so on, until the charge is completed when it is burned. After burn-
ing the charge is allowed to cool and is then removed and prepared for use as
cement, which may be done in the usual way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:-
1. The manufacture of cement by grinding the cement making materials and
then without further preparation or manipulation burning the mixture of ground
materials substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The manufacture of cement consisting in grinding the cement making materials
and then burning the ground mixture in the form of dry powder, and in layers
alternating with layers of fuel, between which layers of fuel, columns or portions
of fuel pass through each layer of cement making materials from one layer of fuel
to the next; substantially as herein before described.
Dated this 12th day of January 1898.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.