IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Marshall Henry Pearson, of Leeds, in the County of York,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Marshall HCry Pearson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th February 1876.
MARSHALL HENRY PEARSON, of Leeds, in the County of York.
IN SEWING MACHINES."
"IMPROVEMENTS
Firstly. My improvements have reference to the feed motion. In order to get a
positive feed I obtain the required reciprocating motion from a cam, which i, by
preference, fix on the motion shaft of the machine, motion being transmitted by
ineans of suitable levers and rod. In order to regulate the length of the stitch I
provide slot holes in the ends of the levers, which come together in a similar
manner to the feed motion levers on a shaping machine, the bolt or stud which
connects them being so arranged that it can be readily fixed in any required
position in the slots by the attendant, thereby reducing or increasing the length of
stitch, as the case may be. In order to take up any back lash or play in the
movement of the feed plate I provide a taper pin, by which it is attached to a short
lever on the feed motion shaft, so that when any back lash or play takes place it
can be readily stopped by knocking the pin further in. I give the required lifting
motion to the feed plate by means of the same cam that gives motion to the shuttle,
being transmitted thereto through suitable levers and rods.
Secondly. In connection with the thread take-up arrangement I employ a short
lever which I call a "controller," this is operated upon by means of the "
foot," and varies in its action with it to suit the different thicknesses of material.
presser
This arrangement regulates automatically the supply of thread, increasing or
diminishing its stroke in accordance with the thickness of the material, drawing
thereby more or less thread off the reel, consequently increasing or diminishing
the amount of slack thread which is required for the different thicknesses of
material.
Thirdly. On machines for very heavy work, and particularly for hand machines,
instead of the gearing that is generally used to reduce the speed and gain power I
provide a pitch chain, through which motion is transmitted from a pulley on the
Prins C1
"

page_text: driving shaft of suitable size to a pulley on the needle motion shaft of the machine.
This arrangement has the effect of making the machine much more silent. On some
machines in order to reduce or increase the speed I use cone pulleys of suitable
varying diameters.
Fourthly. I provide a positive lock motion to the "presser foot" which is very
necessary in the withdrawing of thick coarse needles from the material.
$5
15
The
presser foot" when held down by a spring in the ordinary way is always liable to
yield and be lifted up when strong or coarse needles are withdrawn from the
material, thus causing irregularity of stitch. The lifting is prevented by an inter-
mittent locking of the foot," which is effected by means of a ratchet arrange-
ment, the required motion being imparted from any convenient moving part of
the machine. The other parts of the machine may be of ordinary construction.
The above-described machine is particularly applicable for sewing leather with
wax thread, but may also be used for ordinary sewing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Marshall Henry Pearson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th
August 1876.
MARSHALL HENRY PEARSON, of Leeds, in the County of York.
IN SEWING MACHINES."
"
IMPROVEMENTS
Firstly. My improvements have reference to the feed motion. In order to get a
positive feed I obtain the required reciprocating motion from a cam which I, by
preference, fix on the motion shaft of the machine, motion being transmitted by
means of suitable levers and rods. In order to regulate the length of the stitch I
provide slot holes in the ends of the levers, which come together in a similar
manner to the feed motion levers on a shaping machine, the bolt or stud which
connects them being so arranged that it can be readily fixed in any required
position in the slots by the attendant, thereby reducing or increasing the length of
the stitch, as the case may be. In order to take up any back lash or play in the
movement of the feed plate I provide a taper pin, by which it is attached to a short
lever on the feed motion shaft, so that when any back lash or play takes place it
can be readily stopped by knocking the pin further in. I give the required lifting
motion to the feed plate by means of the same cam that gives motion to the shuttle,
being transmitted thereto through suitable levers and rods.
Secondly. In connection with the thread take-up arrangement I employ a short
lever which I call a "controller," this is operated upon by means of the " presser
foot," and varies in its action with it to suit the different thicknesses of material.
This arrangement regulates automatically the supply of thread, increasing or
diminishing its stroke in accordance with the thickness of the material, drawing
thereby more or less thread off the reel, consequently increasing or diminishing
the amount of slack thread which is required for the different thicknesses of
material.
I
Thirdly. On machines for very heavy work, and particularly for band machines,
instead of the gearing that is generally used to reduce the speed and gain power
provide a pitch chain, through which motion is transmitted from a pulley on the
driving shaft of suitable size to a pulley on the needle motion shaft of the machine.
This arrangement has the effect of making the machine much more silent. On some
machines in order to reduce or increase the speed I use cone pulleys of suitable
varying diameters.
f
Fourthly. I provide a positive lock motion to the "presser foot," which is very
necessary in the withdrawal of thick coarse needles from the material. The
'presser foot" when held down by a spring in the ordinary way is always liable to
yield and be lifted up when strong or coarse needles are withdrawn from the
material, thus causing irregularity of stitch. The lifting is prevented by an

page_text: construction.
The above-described machine is particularly applicable for sewing leather with
wax thread, but may also be used for ordinary sewing.
And in order that my Invention may be more completely understood reference
is given to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters and marks
thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents a side clevation; Figure 2 is an end elevation; Figure 3, &
plan looking at the top; and Figure 4, a detail of part of my Invention. In order
to get a positive feed I obtain reciprocating motion from a cam a, which I by
preference fix on the motion shaft b. The feed motion is transmitted through
levers c and c¹ and rod or rocking bar d to the feed plate e. In order to regulate
the length of the stitch I provide slot holes f in the levers c, which come together
in a similar manner to the feed motion levers of a shaping machine. The bolt or
stud g which connects the levers c is so arranged that it can be readily fixed in any
required position in the slots f by means of the nut h, thereby reducing or
increasing the length of the stitch as required. In order to take up any back lash
or play in the movement of the feed plate e I provide a taper pin i, by which it is
attached to the short lever c¹ on the feed motion shaft d, so that when any back
lash or play takes place it can be readily stopped by knocking the pin further in.
J is the cam from which I obtain the motion of the shuttle, which motion is
transmitted thereto through lever K and rod ; from this same cam J, I transmit the
required lifting motion to the feed plate e through lever m and rod n; the lever mis
attached to the lever K at o, as shewn.
爱季
In connection with the thread take-up arrangement I employ a short lever p
which I call a "controller;" this short lever is operated upon by the movement
of the "presser foot" q, motion being transmitted thereto through the rod and
pin 8, and varies in its action in accordance with the variable movement of the
presser foot" g to suit the different thicknesses of the material operated upon.
The thread is passed through a hole or loop in the short lever p, thence to the
needle in 'the ordinary manner. This arrangement regulates automatically the
supply of thread, increasing or diminishing its stroke in accordance with the
thickness of the material, drawing thereby more or less thread off the reel,
consequently increasing or diminishing the amount of slack thread which is
required for the different thicknesses of material.
Further, I provide a positive lock motion, which may be applied to ordinary
machines; this is particularly necessary in the withdrawing of thick coarse needles
from the material. When held down by a spring in the ordinary way it is always
liable to yield and be lifted up when strong or coarse needles are withdrawn from
the material, thus causing irregularity of stitch. The lifting is prevented by an
intermittent locking of the "presser foot" q by means of a ratchet arrangement t,
the required motion being imparted to the locking pawl u which works within the
teeth of the ratchet t from any convenient moving part of the machine. The other
parts of the machine may be of ordinary construction..
The above-described machine is particularly applicable for sewing leather with
waxed thread, but may also be used for ordinary sewing.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and shewn by Drawings how
the same may be carried into practice, I would have it understood that I do not
limit myself to the exact limits, details, or configuration of the parts I have
explained and shewn, as the same may of course be varied or modified without in
any way departing from the nature or principle of my Invention, but what I do
claim and desire to be secured to me by Letters Patent is,-

page_text: First. The arrangement, construction, and application of the means employed for
imparting the required motion to the feed plate, substantially as and for purposes
herein set forth.
Second. The arrangement, construction, and application of thread "controller,"
substantially as and for purposes herein set forth.
Third. The arrangement, construction, and application of a positive lock motion
for the "presser foot," substantially as and for purposes herein set forth.
Fourth. The arrangement and combination of the various parts forming the
machine, substantially as and for purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Marshall Henry Pearson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
MARSHALL HENRY PEARSON. (L.S.)