Method of Producing Knitted Fabrics with Crossed Meshes.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Method of Producing Knitted Fabrics with Crossed Meshes.
I, CARL AUGUST ROSCHER, residing at Mittweida, in the Kingdom of Saxony,
German Empire, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
The two-needle twist-ware, or fabric with twisted meshes respectively, has
become very popular on account of its great porosity, but it cannot be used for every
purpose desired because of its insufficient durability.
The object of my present invention is to overcome this drawback without
impairing the porosity of the fabric, and I attain that object in general by carrying
the thread over and around two needles or needle-points in such a manner that on
backing-off the loop there result two meshes which are connected by an open mesh,
and form a pair; two of such pairs are connected in such a way by the thread
that the latter runs from the lefthand mesh of the lefthand pair to the righthand
mesh of the righthand pair. Therefore, from the righthand mesh of the lefthand
pair the thread runs to the lefthand mesh of the pair next following in the direction
to the left, and from the lefthand mesh of the righthand pair the thread runs to
the righthand mesh of the pair next following in the direction to the right.
The connection of the meshes proper and pairs of meshes afore described is that
existing in a series of meshes; the connection of two series is effected by letting
the lefthand meshes of the pairs of one series take over or through the righthand
meshes of the pairs of the other series, and the righthand meshes of the first series
over or through the lefthand meshes of the second, and so on.
The difference between the older fabric and my improved one becomes best
obvious by comparing Figures 1 and 2, in which the latter represents portions of
three interlocked series of meshes. a a¹ are the pairs of meshes; a are the lefthand
meshes of the pairs, a¹ the righthand ones. a are the open meshes connecting
the two meshes of a pair, and a³ are the pieces of thread connecting the pairs of
a series.
Lifting the threads between the needles, and forming thus the loops, is effected
in the same manner as done when manufacturing an ordinary ware
with twisted meshes, but particular features of my method reside in the thread
being lifted between two and two needles instead of between one and one, and in
laying the loops, or, more precisely, the moiety of each of the same, not over and
below the point of one needle only, but of two.
To operate the lifters in the manner afore mentioned I make use of an ordinary
circular knitting-frame, for instance such as shown in part in Figure 8. Knitting-
frames of this kind are known to every one versed in the art in question and I
think therefore I may abstain from giving a complete description of the same.
thus restrict myself to explaining that in the form of construction shown the bed r
is fixed to the vertical shaft s, and is rotated by the same, and rotates in its turn

page_text: tne inclined shaft by the mediation of the cog-wheel a¹ which is secured to the
shaft, and by the circular rack r¹ which is secured to said bed. The lifters z¹ z³,
(Figures 67), or, more precisely, the pairs of lifters z¹ 23, are movably held by a
circular disk m fixed to the shaft ; and guided by a circular disk m¹ also fixed to
said shaft; and operated by a stationary eccentric m², as well as by a stationary
arm m³. w (Figures 4, 5, 8) are the needles which extend radially from the bed r
in horizontal direction.
The several stages occurring in the co-operation of the lifters with the needles
are represented in Figures 3-5. Carrying, or lifting, the thread between the
needles, .e. between two and two needles, commences at I, and is finished at II;
that is to say, the lifters when arrived at II have reached their highest position,
and the loop is then completely drawn out. Owing to the peripheral speed of the
disks m m being greater than the peripheral speed of the bed r the lifters move
laterally over the adjacent two needles until they arrive over the space between
this pair of needles and the next following one. III and IV (Figure 3) are
two of the intermediate positions which the loop assumes before arriving in its
end-position V. The lifters z 22 whilst moving from the position IV to the
position V separate, and the lifter 22 then holds the lower moiety of the loop down
upon the two needles, whereas the lifter ¹ carries the upper moiety of the loop away
over the points or hooks of said needles, and drops it; there results a twisted mesh,
as shown lefthand from the position V in Figure 3. The final position of the
lifters is the position VI, from whence they move back, whilst the tongues of the
needle-hooks are closed, and the fresh mesh gets interlocked with the respective
mesh of the preceding series in known manner.
Dated this 27th day of November 1896.
CARL AUGUST ROSCHER,
By Geo. H. Rayner,
Agent for the Applicant.
HON.
Method of Producing Knitted Fabrics with Crossed Meshes.
I, CARL AUGUST ROSCHER, residing at Mittweida, in the Kingdom of Saxony,
German Empire, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The two-needle twist-ware or fabric with twisted meshes respectively, has
become very popular on account of its great porosity, but it cannot be used for every
purpose desired because of its insufficient durability.
The object of my present invention is to overcome this drawback without
impairing the porosity of the fabric, and I attain that object in general by carrying
the thread over and around two needles or needle-points in such manner that on
backing-off or knocking-off the loop two meshes result which are connected by an
open mesh and form a pair; two of such pairs are so connected by the thread that
the latter runs from the lefthand mesh of the lefthand pair to the righthand mesh
of the righthand pair. Therefore, from the righthand mesh of the lefthand
pair the thread runs to the lefthand mesh of the pair next following in the direction
to the left, and from the lefthand mesh of the righthand pair the thread runs to
the righthand mesh of the pair next following in the direction to the right.

page_text: The connection of the meshes proper and pairs of meshes afore described is that
existing in a series of meshes; the connection of two series is effected by letting
the lefthand meshes of the pairs of one series take over or through the righthand
meshes of the pairs of the other series, and the righthand meshes of the first series
over or through the lefthand meshes of the second, and so on.
The difference between the older fabric and my improved one becomes best
obvious by comparing Figures 1 and 2 of the drawing filed with
Provisional Application, in which Figure 2 represents portions of three
interlocked series of meshes. a a are the pairs of meshes; a are the lefthand
meshes of the pairs, a' the righthand ones. a² are the open meshes connecting
the two meshes of a pair, and a are the pieces of thread connecting the pairs of
a series.
Lifting the threads between the needles, and forming thus the loops, is effected
in the same manner as in the manufacturing of ordinary ware
with twisted meshes, but particular features of my method consist in the thread
being lifted between two and two needles instead of between one and one, and in
laying the loops, or, more precisely, the portion of each of the same, not over and
below the point of one needle only, but of two.
To operate the lifters in the manner afore mentioned I make use of an ordinary
circular knitting-frame, for instance such as shown in part in Figure 8. Knitting-
frames of this kind are known to every one versed in the art in question and I
think therefore I may abstain from giving a complete description of the same. I
thus restrict myself to explaining that in the form of construction shown the bedr
is fixed to the vertical shaft s, and is rotated by the same, and rotates in its turn
the inclined shaft a by the mediation of the cog-wheel a which is secured to the
shaft, and by the circular rack which is secured to said bed. The lifters z¹³,
(Figures 6 & 7), or, more precisely, the pairs of lifters 222, are movably held by a
circular disk m fixed to the shaft r; and guided by a circular disk m' also fixed to
said shaft; and operated by a stationary excentric m2, as well as by a stationary
arm m³. w (Figures 4, 5, 8) are the needles which extend radially from the bed r
in horizontal direction.
The several stages occurring in the co-operation of the lifters with the needles
are represented in Figures 3-5. Carrying, or lifting, the thread between the
needles, i.e. between two and two needles, commences at I, and is finished at II;
that is to say, the lifters when reaching II have attained their highest position,
and the loop is then completely drawn out. Owing to the peripheral speed of the
discs m m being greater than the peripheral speed of the bed r the lifters move
laterally over the adjacent two needles until they reach the space between
this pair of needles and the next following one. III and IV (Figure 3) are
two of the intermediate positions which the loop assumes before reaching its
end-position V. The lifters whilst moving from the position IV to tho
position V separate, and the lifter 2 then holds the lower portion of the loop down
upon the two needles, whereas the lifter carries the upper portion of the loop away
over the points or hooks of said needles, and drops it: then a twisted mesh results
as shown to the left of position in Figure 3. The final position of the
lifters is the position VI, from whence they move back, whilst the tongues of the
needle-hooks are closed, and the fresh mesh becomes interlocked with the respective
mesh of the preceding series in known manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
:-
A process for the production, or manufacture, of twist ware or knitted fabrics
with twisted meshes, characterised by the thread loops being laid over and below
two needle points in such manner that on the backing or knocking off of the
portion of the loops below the needle points two meshes are formed, which meshes
are connected together by an open mesh, whilst the upper portion of the loops

page_text: above the needle points form a cross mesh with the neighbouring mesh pairs,
substantially as described.
Dated this 26th day of August 1897.
CARL AUGUST ROSCHER.
By Geo. H. Rayner,
Agent for the Applicant.