IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO NAVES OF WHEELS FOR CARRIAGES AND OTHER VEHICLES AND IN THE METHOD OF ATTACHING THEM
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Solomon Andrews of Cardiff, in the County of Glamorgan,
for an Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO NAVES OF
WHEELS FOR CARRIAGES AND OTHER VEHICLES AND IN THE METHOD OF
ATTACHING THEM
"
.
.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Solomon Andrews at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd November 1882.
SOLOMON ANDREWS of Cardiff in the county of Glamorgan
IN OP. APPERTAINING TO NAVES OF WHEELS FOR CARRIAGES AND OTHER VEHICLES.
AND IN THE METHOD OF ATTACHING THEM."
"IMPROVEMENTS
In wheels of tramway and other vehicles secured to the axle by means of bolts,
these bolts usually pass through the nave from front to back. By this means some
of the spokes are weakened as they have to be cut away to allow the bolts to
pass through. Now my invention is designed to avoid this. I make the nave
projecting more on the inner side than the outer so as to form a stout annulus or
ring and place recesses in this projecting ring to take the heads of the bolts so
that they shall be firmly held in a direction parallel to the axle. Round this
projecting ring and the bolt heads therein I place an iron collar to prevent the
bolts falling out and fix the collar to the projecting ring of the nave by means of a
set screw or key preferably the former. The projecting ring is preferably soʻ
formed as to fit over a collar on the shaft. The nave can be oiled by means of an
oilcap at the end of the axle, or if there be no cap of this sort I form in one with
the nave and in the substance of the same preferably at the back a reservoir for
the oil. I also make an extra well or oil channel around the nave near the front
as well as near the back, and also place an annular oil channel in the periphery of
the collar on the shaft inside the projecting ring.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Solomon Andrews in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd May 1883.
SOLOMON ANDREWS of Cardiff in the County of Glamorgan, "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OR APPERTAINING TO NAVES OF WHEELS FOR CARRIAGES AND OTHER VEHICLES,
AND IN THE METHOD OF ATTACHING THEM."
In wheels of tramway and other vehicles secured to the axle by means of bolts,
these bolts usually pass through the nave from front to back. By this means
some of the spokes are weakened, as they have to be cut away to allow the bolts
to pass through. Now my invention is designed to avoid this, and is illustrated in
the accompanying drawings, in which
Fig. 1. is a section, and
Fig. 2. an end view.
the
I make the nave-A-projecting-more on the inner side than the outer, so as to
form a stout annulus or ring B, and place recesses C in this projecting ring to take
the heads of the bolts D, so that they shall be firmly held in a direction parallel to
the axle E. Round this projecting ring B and the bolt heads therein, I place an
iron collar G, to prevent the bolts falling-out, and fix the collar to the projecting
ring of the nave if desired, by means of a set screw or key, not shown
in the drawings, preferably the former. The projecting ring B is preferably
so formed as to fit over a collar F on the shaft E. H is a disc or washer;
fitting on the axle, and enclosing the collar F, and bearing against it, or if
there be no collar F, then bearing against a projecting neck on the shaft;
bolts pass through this disc or washer, and hold and thus lock the nave to the.
axle, as the projections on the axle are enclosed between this disc and the nave.
The nave A can be oiled by means of an oil cap at the end of the axle, or if there
be no cap of this sort, I form in one with the nave and in the substance of the
same, a reservoir or oil hole I for the oil. This may be placed at the front or back
of the nave of the wheel but I prefer it at the back as shewn. I also make an
extra well or oil channel J, around the nave near the front, and also place an
annular oil channel in the periphery of the collar F on the shaft, inside the
projecting ring B, and usually also cut grooves as shown on the shaft or axle, to
still further distribute the oil. The remaining parts of the drawing are old, so it
is needless to describe them.
It will be seen at once that this design may be considerably varied, and yet,
accomplish the same object (namely to avoid piercing holes through the nave), in
substantially the same manner, thus studs fixed into the annulus of the nave
could be substituted for the bolts, but they would not be so good, and a skeleton
frame could be used instead of the disc H; the shape of the axle and nave could
also be widely varied, but all these are merely details not involving any difference
of principle.
Having now described my invention and illustrated it with an example, showing
the best mode known to me of carrying it into effect, I claim as my invention:-
1 The improvements in or appertaining to the naves of wheels for carriages and
other vehicles substantially as described and illustrated, and especially the
combination of the collar B fitting over a projection on the shaft or axle,
and the projecting ring bolted to the nave by means of bolts or their
equivalents holding into a projecting ring on the nave, instead of passing
through the nave itself.

page_text: The herein described method of attaching the naves of wheels to their axles,
which consists in providing the nave with a projecting annulus, and fixing
the bolts, studs, or other fasteners in or to this, instead of through the nave
as heretofore.
In witness whereof I the said Solomon Andrews have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twenty, first day of May in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.
SOLOMON ANDREWS (L.S.)