Improvements in Cash Registering, Indicating, and Recording Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 12th May, 1892-Accepted, 30th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cash Registering, Indicating, and Recording
Machines.
I, REGINALD HADDAN of the firm of Herbert & Co. Patent Agents of
18 Buckingham Street Strand W.C. London Civil Engineer do hereby declare
the nature of this invention, a communication to me from abroad by The Dayton
Autographic Register Company, of Dayton, State of Ohio, United States of
America, to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in cash registers, indicators and recorders,
for the use of shop-keepers and the like, in which a series of operating keys are
employed in connection with indicating, registering and recording mechanisms to
indicate, register and record the various sums of money placed therein.
It has for its object various improvements in the construction of machines of this
character, the novelty of which will be hereinafter more particularly pointed out
and claimed.
My machine in its entirety belongs to that class of cash registers and indicators
in which a series of operating keys are employed in connection with a series of
numbered tablets to indicate the amounts deposited in the register, recording
mechanism, to record the same and registering mechanism to register and add into
a total sum these various amounts; a class of machines that have become well known
in the art as "total adding" machines as distinguished from "detail adding
machines" in which the registering mechanism is not arranged to totalize the
various amounts although in each class a single registering wheel is arranged to
be actuated to different degrees by each of a group of keys through the medium of
an actuator common to the group and thus to register on a single wheel the various
values of the keys of the group. But although our machine is a total adding
machine it will be understood that very many of the improvements hereinafter set
forth are applicable as well to cash registering machines belonging to other
classes.
It has been my aim to cheapen the construction, simplify the mechanism and
increase the effectiveness and reliability of machines of this character. A problem
difficult because of its limitations. Efforts to cheapen the construction and simplify
the mechanism are very apt to decrease the effectiveness of the machine, while in the
endeavour to increase the reliability the mechanism generally becomes so complicated
as to be unfit for practical use.
Cash registers as a rule receive very hard treatment especially in the hands of
those who would use them dishonestly and they must be so constructed that, while
perfectly reliable and accurate in their work, they cannot be tampered with or
caused to register or indicate false amounts by improper usage. The practical
success of a cash register especially of the total adding class, depends in a large
measure on the absolute accuracy of the registering and adding mechanism. and at
the same time its ability to withstand the twists and strains put upon it by the
dishonest employee in his endeavour to "beat" the machine. The problem would
be comparatively simple, were the machine designed for honest, proper use only,
for delicate nicely adjusted mechanism such as is used in the calculating and adding
machines could then be readily employed, but delicate nice adjustment of parts will
not be practicable in a cash register because such mechanism will not stand rough
or improper usage. In cash registers of this class as ordinarily constructed, it is
almost always possible by quick movements or strong pressure on the keys at the
proper moment to cause the registering mechanism to register falsely.

page_text: To overcome these difficulties by an accumulation of dogs and pawls and racks
and the like, is not a proper mechanical solution, because the accumulation of
parts both adds to the complication of the machinery decreases its reliability and
increases the work to be performed by the operating keys to such a degree that
they become very difficult to use-and the machine fails of practical success. It also
fails of practical success in its manufacture, for complication and nice adjustment
of parts increases the cost of construction both in the production of the various
parts and in their fitting and adjustment into a finished machine.
My aim has been while accomplishing all that has been accomplished by machines
hitherto on the market to dispense with many useless and unnecessary parts. By
making the necessary parts perform various functions, to do away with the nice
adjustment thereof and establish the uniformity of the same so that castings may be
used principally throughout the machine and the fitting together of the mechanism
may be readily accomplished with little skill and lastly so to design and construct
the parts that the least amount of power is lost in the operation of the keys and so
that the mechanism can be readily operated with the expenditure of but little
force. It is on these various lines that the novelty and valuable features of my
machine lie.
The nature of my invention will be apparent from the following description of a
machine constructed as for a decimal coinage in which the keys are grouped in
groups of 10 but it will be understood that in adapting the machine for systems
of coinage other than decimal system appropriate differences will be made in the
method of grouping the keys and in the actual construction or shape of the various
parts for the correct registering and summing of the total.
In the drawings
Fig. 1 Sheet 1 is an external perspective view of the completed machine.
Fig. 2 Sheet 2 is a top plan view of the register with the upper money receptacle
the upper casing and a part of the indicating tablets removed.
Fig. 3 Sheet 3 is a back view in elevation of the register as shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 Sheet 4 is a side elevation of the right hand side of the register with a
part of the casing removed showing the registry and adding disks and transfer
mechanism.
Fig. 5 Sheet 5 is a similar side elevation of the left hand side of the register,
with the side panels of the case removed.
Fig. 6 Sheet 6 is a sectional side elevation taken on lines x x of Fig. 2
looking towards the left hand side of the register with recording mechanism
omitted.
Fig. 7 Sheet 7 is a sectional side elevation taken on lines y. y. looking towards
the transfer mechanism.
Fig. 8 Sheet 8 is a front perspective view of the oscillating bar by which the
indicating tablets are supported and the gong sounded.
Figure 9, Sheet 8, are perspective views of a pair of the indicating tablets, and
coiled spring which acts on same.
Figure 10, Sheet 9, is a perspective view of one of the upper bank of operating
keys.
Figure 11, Sheet 9, is a perspective view of one of the lower bank of keys.
Figure 12, Sheet 9, is a detail view in perspective of the graduated arms on the
keys, for actuating the registering mechanism.
gure 13, Sheet 10, is a perspective view of two of the keys showing my key
coupler and key arrester applied thereto.
Figure 14, Sheet 10 is a detail of one of the ratchet arms of each key.
Figure 15, Sheet 11 is a detail view in perspective of a part of the registering
mechanism.
Figure 16, Sheet 11 is a front view of one group of interlocking hubs which
prevent the operation of more than one key of a series at a time..
Figure 17, Sheet 12 is a detail view in perspective of a portion of the transfer:
mechanism,

page_text: Figure 18, Sheet 12 is a detail view in perspective of the mechanism employed. -
for operating the transfer devices.
Figures 19, 20, 21, 22, and 23 Sheet 13, illustrate the pawl carrying transfer
bifurcated arm, and transfer pawls in various positions, Figure 20 being the reverse.
of Figure 19. Figs. 28, 29, 30, 31, 32 are views of these pawls. Fig. 33 a
perspective view of the lower end of the transfer arm.
Figure 24, Sheet 14 is a side elevation of a part of the recording mechanism
showing the type bar, recording paper and ink ribbon.
Figure 25, Sheet 14 is a side view of the clock movement for governing the time
record.
.
Figure 26, Sheet 14 a bottom plan view, looking upward showing the application
of the clock movement to the recording mechanism.
Figure 27, Sheet 15, is a perspective view in detail of the mechanism for moving.
the recording paper and stamping plate.
Like letters of reference indicate identical parts in all the figures.
A, A, is the casing or frame work of the machine, consisting of bottom, side
supports and cross braces, and having various ornamental panels as shown in
Figure 1 to form a complete casing for the working parts. The upper portion of
the case is provided with glass windows through which the indicating tablets may
be seen upon the operation of the keys as is usual in machines of this class.
Two stationary money receptacles B and C are provided securely fastened to the
case in any convenient way. These receptacles are closed by the lids or covers D, E,
which are secured to and supported by arms F, F, and G, G, made to conform on
their upper supporting surfaces with the curvature of the lids. D and E. The
supports F, F, of the upper cover D are secured to the rock shaft H, which extends
from side to side at the rear and bottom of the case and is journalled in the sides.
of the frame, while the arms G, G, of the cover E are likewise secured to a similar
rock shaft I journalled likewise in the sides of the frame; coiled springs 6 of
sufficient strength on each end of the front shaft I, one end of each spring bearing
against the bottom of the case and the other ends secured to the shaft by screws a,
Figure 5 tend to rock the same and raise the arm F and G and thus throw back.
the covers D and E, the cover E swinging on a radius of which the rock shaft I
is the center while the cover D swings on a radius of which the rock shaft H is the
center. It will be noted that the cover E of the lower receptacle in order to
uncover fully the same has to swing back as far or farther than the upper cover,
and also that the uncovering of both receptacles should be accomplished in the same
period of time; therefore the lower cover which has the shorter radius, will have
to move more rapidly than the upper cover, in order to pass over the same or a
greater distance in the same space of time. This could not possibly be accomplished.
by the use of one arm with both covers attached thereto. It is further desirable.
in order not to unnecessarily increase the parts that both receptacles should be
disclosed simultaneously by one movement. In order to accomplish these results
I provide as follows:-The arms F F have forward extensions c, c, carrying pins d,d,
Figure 5 which fit within the slots e, e, in the arms G, G, and in this way any
movement of either of the arms For G carries the other set and its cover with it.
and at the same time a differential rate of speed is obtained in the two covers so
that they will open and close simultaneously. A pin or lugf Figure 7 at the upper
part of one of the arms F extends inwardly within a slot g, in the case and a
latch h, pivotted to the inner side of the case by screw i, and held down by the
spring, bears against this lug and holds the covers of the money receptacles.
shut till the latch is released as will be hereinafter described. A handfel, is
attached to the lower cover E for convenience in closing same. These two separate
money receptacles are preferably arranged, the lower one for coin divided by
partitions k and the upper for currency and the two compartments being separated
by the operating keys a very convenient arrangement is obtained.
In machines of this class as hitherto constructed the money receptacle has

page_text: ordinarily consisted of a single movable money drawer arranged to be released and
thrown out from the case by the operation of the keys or a single stationary com-
partment with sliding lid, has been provided, or in some cases a combination of
the two has been arranged one compartment being stationary and the other a
drawer, but the novelty of my money receptacle consists in providing the two com-
partments, both stationary and separate from each other by the banks of keys or
otherwise so that there is no chance of confusion in placing the money in the wrong
compartment, and further no mechanical device has to be employed for moving
the money so that the means employed for uncovering the receptacles always has
uniform work to do, which is not the case where money drawers are used, in which
the accumulated coin of a day's sales often adds very materially to the weight
to be moved.
The means above described for accomplishing these results form a novel and
valuable feature of my invention which is not to be limited in its use to the machine
I have described but is plainly applicable to other classes of machines in which
money drawers are now employed.
In connection with the arms F, F, I use a novel form of bumper to prevent any
jar or noise when the covers are thrown open which at the same time prevents any
rebounding of the parts. This consists of a spring plate ¹ (Figure 5) securely
fastened to the side of the frame of the machine by screws or otherwise, while its
free end is slightly raised from the surface of the frame work. The back edge of
the arm F is sharpened in order to slide in between this spring plate and the
surface of the frame work, so that the spring plate 2' will press against the outer
surface of the same, and thus form an effectual bumper which will also grasp the
arm and prevent rebounding.
Extending through the central portion of the case from side to side is the shaft K,
upon this shaft are pivotted side to side the series of operating key levers L extending
out through slots in the case in front and with their rear extremities guided in
slots n, Figure 2, at the back of the case. These operating keys are provided
with numbered buttons m, and are arranged for the operator in two banks or rows
as is usual to economize space. These keys are divided into three groups for
actuating the registering mechanism as will be hereinafter fully described, the first
nine keys on the right being numbered from 1 to 9 and representing units or cents,
the next nine keys in the middle representing the tens or dimes and numbered
from 10 to 90, and the remaining ten keys on the left representing the hundreds or
dollars and being numbered from 1 to 10; an odd key is shown in Figure 2
lettered C K, which when operated does not effect any registration and if desired
other keys. could be added to represent amounts charged or paid out, or otherwise.
In the upper part of the case extending longitudinally from side to side is a
shaft M. Upon this shaft are strung and pivotted a series of indicating tablets N, N,
numbered on both sides to correspond with the numbers on the key levers. Two of
these indicating tablets are shown in detail in Figure 9 Sheet 8. They normally
lie in a horizontal position resting on the tops of the keys so as to be out of sight
as shown in Figures 2 and 3 and are arranged in pairs with their indicating faces
alternately to the front and the rear of shaft M. All of the rearward extending
tablets are similar to each other and are made up, see Figure 9 of indicating face o
central hub p, curved connecting arm 9 and curved lug r, and all the frontward
extending tablets are likewise similar to each other and made up of indicating
face o, hub p, straight arm s, curved lug r, and straight connecting arm t; the
indicating faces o, o, being twice as wide as the hubs and other parts. A notch u
preferably bevelled inwards is cut in each of the hubs p, so that for each pair of
tablets the notches will be adjacent to each other but on opposite sides of the
supporting shaft when the pair of tablets are lying in their normal position, and a
small coiled spring is placed around the shaft M so that one end will bear within
the notch in the hub of one tablet of the pair and the other end have a similar
bearing in the notch in the hub of the other tablet, one coiled spring being used for

page_text: each pair of tablets the tendency of which spring is to return the tablet raised to
its normal position and at the same time by bearing against the bevolled notches u
to draw the two tablets of the pair together.
The bearings of the hubs on the shaft are recessed as shown in Figure 9 in order
to make room for the springs. The indicating tablets are arranged thus in pairs
lying alternately on opposite sides of the supporting shaft in order to economize
space, for it will be noticed that the hubs and arms being only half the width of
the indicating face by thus being arranged alternately, two tablets only take the
space that one would take were they arranged to rotate on the shaft in the same
direction.
The ordinary indicating mechanism of machines of this class consist of a series of
indicating tablets supported in a vertical position by tablet rods and adapted to be
raised in a vertical plane. This method however is not as simple and cheap in con-
struction as the rotating tablets shown in my machine. I am aware that indicating
tablets have hitherto been strung or pivotted on a shaft extending longitudinally at
right angles across the case, but that arrangement has hitherto not been found
practical because the tablets were all arranged to rotate on the same side of the
shaft and therefore space could not be economized without the tablets interfering
with each other. I am also aware that the indicating tablets have also been strung
on a shaft or shafts parallel with the plane of the operating keys but in that
case also they are arranged to rotate on the same side of the shaft. I am also
aware that various other forms of rotating tablets have been used, arranged on a
shaft similar to mine, with the indicating numbers disposed on the periphery of
circular or hexagonal bands. These forms of tablets however are expensive in
construction, and in order to economize space the numbers have to be placed in
groups on each band requiring mechanism to control the rotation to display the
proper numeral or the indicating faces of the tablets have to be disposed in different
planes to prevent interference. I believe however I am the first to combine the
advantages of both classes of indicating mechanism. The indicating tablets are flat
disks such as are used in the former class, they can likewise be arranged in the same
lateral space by overlapping each other, while as in the latter class they can be
easily strung on the supporting shaft as described; they require no attachments to
tablet rods; one coiled spring is sufficient for two tablets, both to return them
to place and to keep the pairs of tablets together and prevent them spreading apart
and crowding the rest of the tablets on the shaft, and thus dispensing with the
screws or pins which would be necessary if a separate spring were required for each
tablet; the complete tablet can be cast in one piece; and the entire indicating
mechanism can be adjusted and arranged at a moment's notice. These features form
novel and valuable parts of my invention and are not intended to be limited to the
machine I am describing but are plainly applicable to other class of machines which
employ indicating mechanism. The indicating tablets are rotated into a vertical
position by the operating keys so that upon striking any key, its value is shown by
the proper indicating tablet. The back rows of tablets, having the curved con-
necting arms 9 are raised by the arms on the operating keys whose numbered
buttons m are in the top row, while the front row of tablets is raised into view by
being rotated in the opposite direction by the keys of the lower bank. The upper
bank of keys have projecting upwards the arms v, v, preferably curved to form the
arc of a circle of which the shaft K is the center. The ends of the key levers are
thus curved in order that none of the power applied to the finger buttons min
raising the indicating tablets may be lost or split up into resultant forces as is the
case where the ends of the key levers raise vertically reciprocating tablet rods.
A feature of some novelty and importance for in machines of this character the key
levers have so much mechanism to operate, that every loss in the application of
power, is in the end apt to become a serious matter in the practical operation of the
machine. The depression of any key of the upper bank will therefore bring the
upper end of the arm v, against the under side of the curved arm g of its corre-
sponding tablet, which are arranged directly in the path of motion of the top of

page_text: of
the arms .
This throws the tablet into a vertical position, and in order to prevent
any violent movement of the key from rotating its tablet too far, a series of
positive stops to are arranged on these keys against which the curved arm
the tablet comes in contact and thus stops the rotation thereof. The front series
of tablets are rotated in the opposite direction into a vertical position in a like
manner by the arms y, y, on the lower bank of keys. The back faces of the down-
wardly extending arms s, s, of these tablets rest upon these arms y, y, so that in
the upward rotation of the arms y, y, upon the depression of the keys, the tablets
are thus rotated into a vertical position. This series of tablets is prevented from
rotating too far by the curved arms r, r, coming in contact with pins or stops a³ ou
the cross brace P of the machine. Pivotted in a vertical position to the rear face
of the cross brace P at a', a¹ is an oscillating frame shown in front perspective in
Figure 8, Sheet 8. This oscillating frame is made up of the bars 6 c¹ and the end
bars d' d' all pivotted together so as to allow a lateral oscillation of the bars b¹ c¹
in opposite directions a spring (Fig. 3) secured at its middle point to the cross
brace P bears with its ends equally on the bars 6¹ c¹ so that until vibrated the frame
remains in equilibrium while pins limit the action of the spring j¹ so that the
frame after vibration is quickly brought to rest. On the upper bar b' are arranged
a series of lugs f1 f1 extending upwards and corresponding in number to the
indicating tablets alternately facing to the front and rear and bevelled on opposite
sides. When the oscillating frame is in its normal position this series of lugs ƒ¹ƒ'
stand directly in the pathway of the rotation of the curved arms r, r, of the
indication tablets as shown in Figure 3, and no tablet can be raised, as the armis r, r,
of the tablets will come in contact with these lugs. On the lower bar c¹ is another
series of lugs &¹¹ extending downwards, in number the same as the upper series.
These lugs e e' carry bevelled shoulders g'g' extending out from their front faces.
On each operating key there is a similar lug or shoulder h¹¹ bevelled in the same
direction, and the operating keys and oscillating frame is so arranged that upon the
depression of a key these bevelled lugs or shoulders will be brought in contact and
the further upwards movement of the key will shift the lower bar c' laterally to
the right and the upper bar b' will move to the left a corresponding amount thus
clearing the pathway for the proper tablet to be raised, while the little coiled
spring 6 bearing on the hub of the tablet will return any tablet that may have
been held up, to its horizontal position. Upon the complete depression of a key
however the bevelled lug h¹ on the key will move past the lngs g¹ g', when the
action of the spring on both bars of the frame, will cause the frame to vibrate
violently for a moment. Cast solidly or rigidly secured to one of the end bars d² is
a hammer k¹ extending downwards to the gong R. The vibration of the oscillating
frame causes the hammer to strike the gong and thus npon the depression of any
key the bell will be sounded. In order to allow the key and its bevelled lug ¹
to be returned to place without materially oscillating the frame and sounding the
gong, the lower part of the lugs el el are cut away as shown at in order to
allow an almost uninterrupted passage of the bevelled lugs ¹¹ to place. It
will thus be seen that upon the depression of any operating key and the consequent
raising of its rear end, the oscillating frame will be moved laterally to allow the
proper tablet to rise, and to release any tablet already displayed, the upper bar
will then be thrown back to its normal position to catch and hold up the tablet
that has been raised, and at the same time the vibration of the frame will strike
the gong. I am aware that a laterally oscillating bar with shoulders has been
employed to retain in position vertically reciprocating indicating tablets, as
distinguished from my rotating tablets, but I know of no arrangement wherein the
gong hammer is a rigid part of this oscillating frame so that the lateral displace-
ment of the frame to release a tablet and allow another to take its place, strike the
gong. In such machines as have employed a supporting bar for the tablet rods the
only function of the spring employed has been to return the supporting bar to place
to-retain the operated tablet and while in my construction a vibrating spring is used
which not only returns the... bar. to place, but vibrates it suddenly for a moment-

page_text: subject to the limitations of the pins and therefore I can attach my gong
hammer or cast it rigidly to the end of the bar d', because the sudden vibration
will throw the hammer against the gong, while the spring normally holds the
hammer away from the gong, a result that manifestly cannot be accomplished where
a mere returning spring is used. By this construction, I am able to dispense with
several parts which have hitherto been necessary to trip the striking hammer of the
gong. I do not of course wish to be limited to the particular form of spring shown
as other springs or their equivalents, weights and the like might be equally well
used to accomplish the same result. It is moreover not essential that the oscillating
frame should be vibrated by the action of the keys as I have described, as any
convenient means may be employed nor is this part of my invention to be limited
to the particular machine I have shown, but is obviously applicable to other
machines, in which other tablet systems are used.
In machines of this class in which a single registry wheel is actuated to different
degrees by a group of keys, means must be devised to prevent the operation of two
or more keys of a group simultaneously for otherwise the key of the highest value
will alone be registered. The means devised heretofore and in common use have
been usually a series of stops, arranged in the pathway of the key to allow the
passage of but one key at a time. In my machine instead of using stops I use a
series of interlocking parts each pivotted to a separate key and arranged so that
one of the parts can be operated but when it is sought to move two or more they
interlock and so prevent the simultaneous operation of two or more keys.
Extending across the machine parallel with the key shaft K, and underneath the
front ends of the keys, is a shaft S. Strung and pivotted on this shaft is a series
of hubs m² m² one for each key lever. These hubs are arranged in groups to
correspond with the groups of the keys and between each group is a plate or stop n'
rigidly secured to the shaft itself, so as to separate the group of hubs from each
other. Each hub is provided with lugs or projections of and corresponding
recesses p¹ to receive the lugs on the adjoining hub. The separating plates n' are
also provided with similar recesses and projections. Extending out from each hub
is a slotted arm q' integral therewith, the hubs being arranged on the shaft with
these arms alternately to the front and to the rear of the shaft S and with the
projections or lugs o fitting within the recesses of the adjoining hubs. The
distance between the fixed plates n¹ between each series of hubs is such as to allow
one hub to rotate and push the others aside, but there is not sufficient space to allow
two or more to rotate at the same time in opposite directions. Upon cach key L is
a downward extending arm r¹ Fig. 10 with a pin s¹ extending out at right angles
thereto, to engage, with the slotted arms g' of these hubs. It will be seen that if
one key of a group is depressed, the corresponding hub pivotted thereto will turn
with the key but if it is sought to operate two or more keys at a time the hubs will
interlock with each other, and prevent such operation. It is necessary with this
arrangement of hubs however to arrange them to rotate in opposite directions for
if the slotted arms were all disposed on the same side, and it was sought to operate
two or more at a time, the hubs to be rotated would lock together and would then
form a single hub and there would be space to allow them to move together, but by
alternating them as described, if two or more hubs that rotate in the same direction
are sought to be moved, the intermediate hub or hubs will still lock them, which
would not be the case if they all rotated in the same direction.
In machines of this class where it is desired to indicate and register, amounts
which require the simultaneous operation of three keys of different groups it will
be obvious that it is advantageous and it has been customary to provido means for
coupling together keys that may be operated so that after the proper keys are
started should the fingers of the operator slip from any of the keys, the pressure on
even one of the keys will carry the others with it. The means I employ consists
of a bar T extending horizontally across all the keys and fixed to side, arms t' to
which are pivotted-to-the sides of the case so as to allow the bar T to swing over
the keys. Immediately underneath, this bar the several key-levers are provided

page_text: with slots u¹ u¹ inclined in the direction of an arc of a circle whose center is the
shaft K of the key levers. The operation of any two or more keys of different
groups will bring the bar T within the slots u' u¹ of such keys and inasmuch as
the slots of the keys are inclined away from the path of motion of the bar T, as
soon as the bar T has entered the slots u¹³ the keys operated will become coupled 5
together and the operation of one key will carry the other with it. It will also be
noticed that the operation of any key as the bar T enters its slot will swing the bar
out over all the other keys so that the flat surface w¹ w¹ of the unoperated keys
will be then directly under the bar T, and thus all the unoperated keys will be
locked. A small spring a¹ (Fig. 5) coiled on the pivot of the bar T bears against 1
a pin y' on the end of the bar and keeps the same over the slots in the keys, other-
wise the weight of the bar would swing it out over the surfaces w¹ of the keys and
lock them all. This key coupling bar T also performs another function. Resting
underneath one end of the same is the latch, and upon the operation of any key
of the register and the consequent swinging out of the bar T, common to all the 1
keys, the latch will be depressed, releasing the side arm and allowing the
covers of the money receptacle to be thrown back as heretofore described. In
machines of this and other classes it has also been customary to provide means for
arresting the key after it has been started to prevent its return to place until it has
completed its stroke, otherwise after a key had been struck, and a partial 2
registration made the finger of the operator might slip from the key which would
then return to place without the gong being struck or the indication of the proper
amount on the indicating tablets. One method of accomplishing this result has
been by a system of racks and pawls to prevent the return of a key but with this
arrangement it has always been necessary to provide means for holding or throwing 2
the pawl out of engagement with its rack during the return stroke of the key. In
my machine I likewise employ a tooth or teeth on each key and engage therewith
a pawl bar extending across all the keys of a group but the novelty of this part of
my invention consists of my novel means for the return of the key to place, without
any pawl releasing mechanism. An arm a" extends downwards from each key 3
having formed on the lower end thereof one or more teeth one tooth is sufficient
for the purpose in my machine, but I have shown two teeth in the drawing as two
or even more teeth could be used if desired. Extending horizontally across the
machine from side to side and in front of this series of arms a¹ is a shaft U.
Upon this shaft are pivotted by the side arms 6" 61 three pawl bars V to 3
correspond with the three groups of keys, the pawl bars being provided with
teeth at proper intervals to engage with the tooth on the arms a" of the
keys. These pawl bars are swung loosely on the shaft U and are capable of a
lateral movement on the shaft against the pressure of the coiled spring d" one
end of which is fast to the shaft and the other bears against the under side of 4
one of the arms 6 of the pawl bar so as to keep it both in a horizontal position
and press it to the right. Upon the left side of each of the arms a" is cut a
double bevelled recess f¹¹ deeper and wider at its front end than in the rear as
shown in Figure 14, while each of the teeth cl¹ of the pawl bar is also bevelled
to form a projection to enter this double bevelled recess, as soon as a key lever 4
has been depressed slightly one of the pawl bar teeth will engage with the first
tooth on the arm a" and prevent the key from returning to its normal position
as shown in Figure 13. After the arm of the key has passed the tooth of the
pawl bar and is on its return the bevelled recess fl of the arm engages with
the tooth of the pawl bar and shifts the entire bar laterally on the shaft U 5
against the pressure of the coiled spring and thus the arm after it has passed
the pawl bar can be readily returned to place because of this lateral shifting of
the bar while as soon as the arm a" has passed the bar on its return stroke, the
pawl bar is at once returned to its normal position through the action of the
spring du
The cooperation of my key coupler and key arrester as arranged in this machine
enables me to accomplish a novel and very useful result, not attainable in other
5

page_text: machines of this class, embodying a series of groups of keys and an actuator for
the registering mechanism common to the group. For example suppose it is
desired to register such a sum as one dollar and forty nine cents. The dollar key
is at the extreme left of the key board, while the nine cent key is at the extreme
right with the forty cent key in the middle. For a person with a small hand or a
one-handed man it will be almost if not quite impossible to strike these keys
simultaneously. I have therefore so arranged the parts that the keys may be
started one after the other. It will be noted that before the registering and
indicating mechanism is acted upon the work the keys have to perform is very
slight. The adjustment of the slots in the keys cooperating with the bar T and
the rack teeth on the arms a cooperating with the pawl bar V is such that the
pawl bar will catch and hold the keys from resetting before the bar T has been
swung out far enough to lock the other keys. While the extra power required to
move the indicating and registering mechanism will serve as a guide to the
operator to prevent him from moving the key too far. The user can, therefore,
operate the keys in succession, pressing the dollar and forty cent keys slightly till
the key arrester holds them from resetting and then operating the nine cent key
alone to its full limit, the key coupler carrying the dollar and the forty cent key
with it and thus the machine will register and indicate the proper amount $1.49.
This result cannot be accomplished in other machines of this class with which 1 am
acquainted because, as will appear at more length hereafter, the devices necessary
to compel the complete operation of the keys in such machines in order to effect
proper registration lock the keys from any back movement at such short intervals
and the work to be performed by the keys being either uniform throughout or
greater at the start than afterwards, there is no practical method of gauging the
stroke of the keys to effect the desired operation. In total adding machines as
ordinarily constructed for the purpose of registration it has been customary to
employ a single registry wheel for each group of keys, suitable means being
employed to actuate the registry wheel to different degrees for the various fixed
values of the keys and thus to register the correct values on the wheel. The means
employed hitherto for this purpose have been by providing an actuator common to
the entire group of keys carrying the means for operating the registry wheel and
either fulcruming each key at different points to this common actuator so that the
completed stroke of a key would move the actuator the proper amount or by
grading the distance between the actuator and the series of keys so that the
complete stroke of a key would move the actuator the necessary distance to register
the value of the key, or other means have been devised such as a series of segment
racks actuated by the various keys having teeth corresponding in number to the
value of said keys so as to turn the registry wheel the proper number of teeth.
But in all of these methods and others in use in order to make the proper
registration it is necessary for the operated key to complete or very nearly
complete its stroke before the registration is accomplished, because where such
means are employed the key of the smallest value must act on the actuator only at
the end of its stroke as all the keys have the same length of stroke. For example
take the common arrangement where the actuator is a bar inclined laterally and
transversely to the keys, the one cent key must strike the bar at or nearly at the
end of its stroke, and not before, else a wrong value would be registered by moving
the actuator too far, and the same is true of the other devices in use. As a result
of this supposed necessity for the complete stroke of the key before the registration
is completed great difficulty has been experienced in the construction of a machine
which could not be improperly used by a dishonest employee. For example
suppose it is desired to register such a sum as $9.05 on machines as ordinarily
constructed. The dishonest employee will operate the $9 and the 5 cent keys, but
just before the $9 key has completed its stroke let him pull back strongly on this
key while still pressing the 5 cent key. The 5 cent key will open the money
receptacle, ring the bell and indicate and register its value, while the $9 key will
also indicate its value on the tablets, but the strong backward pressure on the
R

page_text: $9 key will cause it to spring back and fail to move the registry wheel the last
tooth or the last two teeth and thus one or two dollars will be lost. This is a
defect that it is very difficult to overcome in practice, because with the ordinary
rack and pinion mechanism a movement of a thirty-second of an inch will often
move the registry wheel one tooth, and the working parts will almost always
"give" to back pressure to that extent. The fault lies principally in requiring
the complete stroke of the keys to effect the registration. For if the registration
is begun at the beginning of the stroke for all keys alike, so that the key may
have considerable movement after registration to complete its initial stroke, such
manipulation can avail nothing.
One
Another difficulty experienced is that the employee by operating the keys very
rapidly with a quick sharp stroke, can get up such momentum therein as to make
it very difficult to stop the registry wheel actuated thereby at the proper point.
Thirdly in old machines where an actuator is used common to a group of keys
and moved thereby, the arrangement has always been such that the actuator would
rise and fall with the movement of the keys so that without special devices to
prevent it "pumping" could easily take place, i.e. during its forward or backward
stroke the key, could be moved back and forth to register indefinite sums.
chief feature of my invention consists of a novel construction and arrangement of
parts to overcome these defects, a construction simple in itself without any
multiplication of parts to accomplish the result and yet so effective and substantial
that it is impossible by springing the keys, by any quick sudden movement thereof
or by "pumping" or otherwise to cause the machine to register falsely. I
accomplish these results by three fundamental changes in structure, which I believe
to be novel in the art.
In the first place, while I use an actuator common to all the keys of a group and
means connecting the actuator with a single registry wheel, I do not grade the
distance between the actuator and the several keys, so that the keys of small value
act on the actuator only at the completion of their stroke, and thus compel the
complete operation of a key to effect its proper registration, with all the attendant
difficulties above set forth, but I arrange my actuator so that its distance from the
entire series of keys is practically the same for each key but so that the engage-
ment surfaces between the two will be of different lengths, and thus the actuator
be moved different degrees for the different values of the keys, a construction which
allows the registration of the value of the key for all keys alike to commence at
the beginning of the stroke, and the first defect due to springing of the keys is
overcome.
Secondly, I so arrange the actuator and keys that as soon as the value of the
key has thus been registered, the actuator is positively stopped from any further
movement no matter how swift the stroke, no matter what twists and strains the
key may be subjected to.
Thirdly, the registry wheels for the different groups of keys are all moved
by the positive direct action of the keys on their downward and positive stroke,
and although the machine belongs to the total adding class and keys of the
different groups can be operated simultaneously the registry wheels are also all
acted upon simultaneously the actuating means being in direct and positive
connection with the registry wheel during the entire operation of the key from
the commencement of its stroke until it is returned to its normal position, the
actuator thus being held in whatever position it may be placed by the action
of the key, so that "pumping" of the keys cannot effect the registration and
the necessity for spring pawls or the like to compel the complete movement of the
key in both directions are dispensed with.
The registration mechanism for each of the three groups of keys, that is the
units, tens and dollars keys, being the same I will confine my description mainly
to the registration devices for the units or cents series of keys. Extending
longitudinally across the case from side to side in the rear of the machine and
supported in the sides of the same, is the shaft. W, Upon this shaft are pivotted

page_text: the three actuators one for each group of keys as shown in Figure 15 Sheet 11.
These actuators are formed of three horizontal side bars Y, Z and A' secured to
end arms or bars B'B', which are loosely pivotted on shaft W so as to rotate and
also slide laterally thereon. The downwardly extending side bar Z extends across
the key levers as shown in Figure 6 the same being cut away at g" to allow for the
operation of the key levers without disturbing this bar Z, while the bar Y extends
horizontally across the lugs or projections C' on the key levers. These projections C¹
are all of practically the same height so that the bar Y is practically the same
vertical distance from the initial contact point of each key in its upward movement.
But these projections C¹ are graded lengthwise of the keys as shown in Figure 12
the one cent key, marked 1 in Figure 12, having a very slight contact surface "
while the nine cent key marked 9 in Figure 12 has quite a broad contact surface h",
and the keys between having each one ninth less contact surface than the next key
of higher value. The back edge of each of these projections C¹is shaped in the
arc of a circle whose center is the shaft K of the key lever and as the rear end of
a key is raised by the depression of the finger button, the contact surface h" coming
in contact with the operating bar Y will rotate the actuator to an extent
determined by the breadth of this contact surface. As soon however as the
projection has passed the operating bar the bar will then rest against the edge;"
and will be prevented from returning to place, while the further raising of the key
will not move the actuator at all inasmuch as the sliding point of contact between
the two will continue on the arc of the same circle whose center is the shaft K
of the key lêver. Further than this the lower back edges 11 of these
projections C¹ are also cut in the arc of a circle whose center is the key
shaft K and are so arranged that when the upper contact surface " has just
passed the operating bar Y, the lower edge of the stop bar Z will be brought
into contact therewith, so that the upward movement of the actuator is positively
arrested while at the same time the key can continue its upward movement. It
therefore follows that no matter how rapidly you operate the key lever it is
absolutely impossible to move the actuator more than the value of the key
operated calls for. This arrangement of parts in which the actuator is extended
horizontally across the keys at practically equal distances from all the keys of the
series forms a very important and valuable feature of my invention and its use is
not intended to be restricted to the particular form of total adding machine I have
here illustrated for this arrangement of parts can be advantageously applied to
other classes of machines where it is desired to register the value of a key of a
series through the medium of an actuator common to the series. Pivotted in the
frame at one end and in standards D' D' D' at the other are three shafts E' E' E',
one for the cents, one for the dimes and one for the dollar group of keys, carrying
the pinions F1 F1 F1 on one end and the registry wheel or disks G'K' L' on the
other, the pinions having each ten teeth. The registry disks, are numbered on
their external faces from 0 to 9 to correspond with the teeth on the pinions F' F' F',
and all the disks are covered with the shield Z" shown in dotted outline Figure 4
so as to conceal all the numerals on each disk except one. In this way the
movement of a pinion F¹ one or more teeth will turn its corresponding registry.
disk a corresponding number of points, as will be readily understood. These
registry disks and attendant mechanism are closed in the finished machine by
door Y shown in Figure 1, which can be locked with a suitable key kept by the
proprietor so that no operator of the machine can have access to the same to
tamper with the mechanism. The right hand side-arm B₁ of each actuator is
extended to form a segment rack H' having ten teeth, the back edge of this rack
being extended so as to rest against the back of the case and hold the actuator in
the position shown in Figure 6, with the operating bar Y over the lugs C" on the
keys and the stop bar Z in close proximity to the edge g of the keys. In its
normal position this segment rack is out of line with its pinion F' but whenever a
key is operated it is at once thrown into mesh as follows. The third bar A' of the
actuator extends back slightly inclined upwards therefrom and is provided with a

page_text: series of teeth bevelled on the lower edge one for each key, while each key
carries a bevelled projection or shoulder m" to engage with the bevelled teeth ¹ on
this shifting bar A. A coiled spring n" (Fig. 3) one for each actuator is coiled
on the shaft W, one end resting on the frame or standard and the other against the
end of the operating bar Y, so as to hold the actuator with the segment rack H¹
resting against the back of the case and at the same time press the actuator to the
left when the segment rack H' will be out of line with the pinion F' but as soon as
a key is operated the bevelled shoulder m¹ on the key striking the bevelled tooth/"
of the bar A' shifts the actuator so as to bring the segment rack into line with its
pinion and the further operation of the key rotates the actuator sufficient to turn
the pinion F and its registry wheel as many teeth as there are units in the key
operated. This shifting of the actuator bar however must be accomplished without
rotating or tending to rotate the actuator so as to cause registration, which result
I accomplish by my novel construction and arrangement of parts. The actuator is
shifted from the side opposite to the operating bar and in such a direction as to
tend to rotate the actuator in the wrong direction, so that any tendency to rotation
under the stroke of the shifting mechanism will be contrary to the rotation given
it by the operating bar. To accomplish this the shifting bar A' is inclined slightly
upwards and the operated key strikes same from the rear, so that any tendency to
rotate is to throw the segment rack away from its pinion, while the back of the
segment rack rests against the case to prevent any such movement. It will be seen
further that with our actuating mechanism until the key bas nearly completed its
return stroke the segment rack will be held in mesh, and will only be released when
the key has passed from between the teeth and thereupon the actuator under
the pressure of the coiled spring n will be shifted on the shaft W and the segment
rack be thrown out of mesh and drop back to its normal position. In order to
prevent any return or back movement of the registry wheels I provide on the
shafts E' E a small ratchet wheel o" and dog p" for each wheel.
This shifting of an actuator common to a series of keys and carrying means for
the operation of registry mechanism to bring the parts into mesh and holding it in
mesh until the key is returned to its normal position is another valuable feature of
my invention and not necessarily limited to the machine I have illustrated nor is it
essential that the shifting of the actuator should be accomplished by the keys
themselves as many other convenient means could be employed. I am aware that
it has hitherto been sought to shift the pinions into line with their respective racks
upon the operation of the keys to effect the registration, but this construction is
entirely different from mine as will be readily seen.
It will be noticed that the registry disks G' K' L' are moved on the positive
downwards stroke of the operating keys so that if a dollar, tens and cents key are
operated simultaneously the three registry wheels will also move simultaneously,
so that it will not be possible when the units wheel has made a complete revolution
to transfer the ten directly to the tens wheel and move it on one tooth because if a
units and tens keys are being operated at the same time and consequently the units
and tens wheel are moving at the same time, the transfer of the one tens could be
lost, and the same is true of the transfer from the tens to the dollars wheel. It is
therefore necessary "to have the transfer" until the registry wheels have ceased
moving under the direct impulse of the keys, and arrange the parts so that the
completion of a revolution by a tens wheel for example will merely set the transfer
devices so that the transfer may be made after the registry wheel has ceased to
move. But it may happen that two transfers will have to be made at the same
time, which must also be provided for. For example suppose the registry wheels
read, 2 on the dollars, 9 on the tens and 9 on the cents wheel, showing that 82.99
have been deposited in the register and suppose that $1.25 is deposited, so that
the 1, the 20 cent and 5 cent key are operated simultaneously under the direct
action of the keys the dollar key will be moved one tooth and at the same time the
dimes wheel will be moved two teeth and the cents wheel five teeth, so that the
wheels will then show 3 on the dollars 1 on the dimes and 4 on the cent wheel.

page_text: The dimes wheel has however made a complete revolution and the 10 dimes or
1 dollar has to be transferred to the dollars wheel which would make that wheel
show 4, while the cents wheel has also made a complete revolution and the 10 cents
or 1 dime should be transferred to the dimes wheel. This can also be provided for
by permitting each wheel to set its own transfer device, and arranging the parts so
that the closing of the money drawer, the next positive stroke of the keys or the
back stroke of the operated keys will complete the transfer, such mechanism I am
aware has been employed in total adding machines of this class. But another
difficulty now arises which has not hitherto been provided for, suppose the registry
wheels read $2.99 as before and that $1.05 is to be registered. Under the direct
action of the keys the dollar wheel will move one tooth and show 3 and the cent
wheel 5 teeth and show 4. The cent wheel having completed a revolution will set
its transfer device, ready for the completion of the transfer with the next stroke of
a key or on the back stroke of the key being operated or otherwise but the dimes
wheel has not been moved at all as yet so that wheel will still show 9 as before and
upon the completion of the transfer, set by the cents wheel, the three wheels will
then show 3.04, and the dollar which should have been transferred to the dollar
wheel is not shown. It is true this transfer has not been lost under the old methods
for the dimes wheel when it was moved one tooth from 9 to.0 by the completion of
the transfer from the cents wheel, has set its transfer device, but it takes another
operation to complete the transfer and even then the wheels may still show the
wrong amount, for suppose 96 cents should be the next sum deposited the registry
wheels would still fail to show a dollar deposited, for the direct action of the keys
would show on the wheels $3.90 and the completion of the transfers the one that
was hitherto not shown and the additional one caused by the complete revolution of
the cent wheel would cause the wheels to show the total sum of 4.00 instead of $5.00.
The surmounting of this difficulty forms another novel and very valuable feature
of my invention. In order to overcome this difficulty it is expedient that there
should be no transfer directly from the cents wheel to the dimes wheel, because the
difficulty above suggested is then sure to arise, and I therefore provide either a
cents wheel carrying a pinion with a hundred teeth instead of ten numbered
progressively from 0 to 99, or a supplemental tens wheel to take up the direct
transfer of each ten, from the complete revolution of the cents wheel with only ten
teeth. In this way it will be seen that the setting of the devices for the transfer
is always made when 10 dimes or 1 dollar is to be transferred to the dollar wheel
and this transfer from one or both of the wheels can always be made in one
operation as will be hereinafter more clearly described. For the sake of uniformity
in the construction of the machine instead of having the cents wheel with 100 teeth
and the other wheel only 10 teeth each, I prefer to use a supplemental tens wheel
with ten teeth in connection with a cents wheel of ten teeth, and thus not combine
the two, but it will be understood that either form can be employed without
departing from the spirit of my invention.
I will now proceed to describe my transfer and adding mechanism. M' is the
supplemental tens disk above referred to. This supplemental wheel is mounted to
turn readily on the pin q" fixed to the case and in such proximity to the cents
disk G, that when the cents disk has made a complete revolution the pin or lug,"
(see Fig. 16 Sheet 11) on that disk will strike the disk M' and move it one tooth.
The dollar disk L₁ also carries a pin or lugs so that upon its complete
revolution the tens of dollars may be transferred to the tens of dollars disk Nf and
similarly the counting disks O', P' representing the hundreds and thousands of
dollars are arranged to be moved one tooth upon the complete revolution of the
disk of the next lower denominator. These counting disks could be added
indefinitely to register upon into the millions of dollars but I have shown no
counters higher than the units of thousands so that 999999 is the highest total
that this machine will indicate plus 90 cents on the supplemental tens wheel. For
that amount is as large as would practically be required in the ordinary use of such
a machine, before the counting disks were reset to 0. It will be understood that

page_text: -
in reading off the total from the registry disks it will be necessary to add the
uumber of tens shown on the supplemental wheel to the total from the other disks
in order to get the exact amount deposited in the machine, as the supplemental
wheel accumulates the tens from the units wheel.
Loosely pivotted to the pin, not shown having a concealing head, " is a
bifurcated pawl carrying and transfer arm R¹, (shown in detail Figs. 19 and 20,
Sheet 13). This arm R is pivotted loosely to this pin so as to be capable of both
a rotation or vertical swinging movement on the pin as a center and also to be
capable of a limited horizontal movement at its free ends, but it will be obvious
that instead of a loose pivotal point, the pivot could fit more snugly and the arm
be hinged near the pivot to allow for the out and in or horizontal motion at the
free ends thereof. The upper fork of this bifurcated arm carries two rack teeth ull
(shown in Figs. 19 and 20) while the lower fork is provided with two slots for the
reception of two pawls (one behind the other) and separated by a portion of the
arm (shown in dotted lines Fig. 17 Sheet 12). The front pawl (Figs. 19-23
Sheet 13) is pivotted in the front slot by pin y", and swings thereon, limited in its
forward motion by the pin 2 and in its back motion by the inner edge of the slot.
The back pawl 3 is pivotted in the back slot of this lower arm likewise on the
pin y" which extends through both forks of the lower arm and is likewise limited
in its swing by the inner edge of the slot on one side and the pin 2, extending
through both slots, on the other. The back pawl 3 is shaped at its inner end to
conform to the front pawl to having an outwardly projecting shoulder or lug 4,
to correspond to the similar lug on the front pawl wolf. Rigidly secured to the
back of the pawl 3 is a pin 12 (shown in dotted lines Fig. 17) extending back at
right angles to the back face of the pawl and likewise a right angled arm 6 (shown
in full lines Fig. 17 where the balance of the pawl is in dotted lines, also shown in
Fig. 20) which right angled arm when the pawl is swung back against the slot in
which it is pivotted, rests with its outer end against the frame of the machine at 7.
The front and back plates of the lower arm of the bifurcated arm R' are sprung
inwards slightly so as to press with a slight spring pressure against both of these
pawls wll and 3, so that in whichever direction the pawls are thrown they will
remain in that position, until they are again acted upon. Pivotted to the front
side of the back pawl 3 is a third pawl 8 carrying a little lug 9 extending out at
right angles to its face. This pawl is normally held down by the spring 10 on the
back pawl 3 in the position shown in Figs. 19-22, but is capable of being thrown
up against the pressure of this spring into the position shown in Fig. 23. Rigidly
secured to the upper fork of the bifurcated arm R' is an arm S¹ which arm extends
back through an opening in the side plate or frame Y¹ of the machine as shown in
perspective in dotted lines Fig. 17. The entire bifurcated arm R¹ is normally
swung down by the spring 13 so that this arm S¹ rests against the lower edge of
the opening in that frame work of the machine and so that when the arm R' is
raised it will be against the pressure of spring 13, while the free ends of the
bifurcated arm are normally held away from the side plate of the machine by the
springs 14, 14, (see Figs. 4 and 17).
Extending across the entire series of operating keys and resting thereon is a
bar T¹ pivotted on arms U U¹ to the key lever shaft K, on the outer side of the
right hand arm U₁ of this bar T¹ is a lever V¹ (Fig. 18 Sheet 12) pivotted on the
same shaft K and carrying a pin W₁ extending out in front of the arm U¹ so as to
be acted on thereby, the pin W₁ of the lever V1 being held firmly against the
arm U¹ by the spring 15. This lever V₁ extends down along the inner side of
the side plate 1 of the machine and carries on its lower end & lug A"
extending inwards from the side plate and having its lower face 16 bevelled as
shown in Fig. 18. Immediately in front of this lug A¹ and on the inner face
of the lever V₁ is pivotted a dog B" with two arms 17 and 18 while a spring 19
secured to the dog B" and bearing against the shaft K holds the dog normally
with its upper arm 17 in contact with the lug 20 on the lever V₁. Pivotted
to the external face of the side plate Y¹ by the pin 21 is a hammer lever C¹¹,

page_text: the same being guided in its motion by the pin 22, secured to the side plate Y'
and working in the slot 23 of the hammer Ch. Extending inwardly through an
opening in the side plate is an arm D" an extension of the hammer lever C".
This arm D carries on its inner end a pin 24 which bears against the under
surface of the dog B" in the lever V₁. It will now be clear that whenever
any one or more of the key levers L of the machine are operated that the
power bar T will be swung forwards and in turn transmit its motion to the
lever V through the medium of the pin W₁. The dog B₁ will strike the pin 24
of the hammer C" and be thrown upwards allowing the lug 18 thereon to pass
the pin 24, the spring 19 will then return the dog to its normal position and
on the back stroke of the key the lever V' will be returned to its normal
position by the action of the spring 15 and the dog B will catch the pin 24
of the hammer and throw the striking end 25 upwards until the pin 24 slides
from under the dog, when the hammer will by its own weight drop back to its
normal position. Thus with every operation of a key the hammer will be
operated with a uniform stroke as described.
Let us now return to the transfer mechanism. Under the action of the
springs 13 and 14 the bifurcated pawl carrying and transfer arm R¹ will remain
normally in the position shown in Fig. 4 with the arm S¹ resting on the frame Y'
and the pawls 1, 3, 8 swung to the left. In this position with the free ends
of the bifurcated arm R' raised from the side casing Y the rack teeth u" of
the upper fork thereof will be just out of line with the small pinion 27 (Fig. 15)
on the shaft E of the dollars counting disk L'; which is located just without
the case plate Y¹. The lower inner end of the arm S' will in that position be
resting against the bevelled face 16 of the lug A" on the lever V and the
operation of any key will bring this bevelled face 16 against the arm S¹ and
draw the free ends of the bifurcated arm R¹ inwards until the rack teeth ul
are in line with the pinion 27. With the transfer pawls on the lower fork of
the arm R' in their normal position the hammer will be free to operate
without function, but let us assume that the supplemental tens disk M' has just
finished a revolution, that the cents disk has accumulated the amounts registered
thereon on its supplemental wheel until they amount to one dollar. It will
readily be understood that this accumulation on the supplemental tens disk,
could also accumulate on the cents disk if its pinion were provided with a
hundred teeth instead of ten and the disk were numbered to 99 instead of 9
and all description concerning the supplemental tens disk will apply as well to
such modification. A small pin (not shown) on the under surface of the supple-
mental tens wheel then strikes the gravity pawl 29 and brings the lug 30 on
the end thereof against the front pawl won the bifurcated arm (see Fig. 17). This
action throws the pawl w" to the right into the position shown in Fig. 21 with
its right hand edge bearing against the frame of the slot. With the front
pawl win this position it will be struck by the hammer C on its upward
stroke, on the return of the operated key to place, and the bifurcated arm will
be raised bringing the upper cog of teeth on the upper fork thereof into
mesh with the pinion 27 on the dollars wheel shaft and the same will be moved
one tooth, thus transferring the one dollar from the supplemental tens wheels
to the dollar wheel. Upon the return of the key operated to place the lever V1
will withdraw its lug A from contact with the arms S and the rack teeth u¹
will be thrown out of mesh with the pinion 27 under the action of the springs 14
on the bifurcated arm, while at the same time the lug 31 on the upper end of
the pawl to which on the forward movement of the pawl toll has entered the
groove 32 in the pin 33, will be brought in contact with the head of this pin
and return the pawl to its normal position there to remain until another transfer
is to be made from the supplemental tens disk. Let us now assume that the
regular tenis disk K' has completed a revolution and the one dollar is to be
transferred to the dollar disk. On the under surface of that disk is a pin 34,
(Fig. 15) similar to the pin on the disk M', upon the completion of a revolution

page_text: of the disk L this pin 34 is brought into contact with the upper head 35 of
the lever 36 (Fig. 17) which is loosely pivotted on the cents shaft E' and
swings same to the right. The lower end of this lever 36 is in contact with
the pin 12 on the back pawl 3 of the bifurcated arm R' and its motion is
therefore communicated to pawl 3 and said pawl and together with it the middle 5
pawl 8 is thrown to the right so as to rest against the frame of the fork. The
hammer C on its up-stroke will now come into contact with these two pawls,
the middle pawl 8 being pivotted to pawl 3 will be thrown up out of the
way
into the position shown in Figure 23 and the hammer bearing against the back
pawl 3 which it will be noticed is exactly the same distance from the rack 1
teeth of the bifurcated arm, as the front pawl was when it was thrown out,
will raise said bifurcated arm the same distance as in the former transfer and
the dollar wheel will be turned one tooth. Upon the return of the bifurcated
arm R¹ to its normal position, as before described the right angled arm 6 on
the back pawl will come in contact with the edge of the case 7 (Fig. 17) and I
the back pawl will thus be returned to its normal position there to remain
until another transfer is to be made from the regular tens disk.
Now let us assume that a simultaneous transfer from both the tens supplemental
disk M¹ and the tens regular disk K' becomes necessary. In that case the front
pawl and the back and middle pawls 3 and 8 will be thrown out as described 2
above for each singly but now the middle pawl 8 will not be thrown back as before
on the up-stroke of the hammer but the pin 9 on the pawl 8 will catch behind the
lug 5 on the front pawl thus locking them together, and the hammer C" which it
will be understood always has a uniform stroke, will strike pawl 8, and raise the
bifurcated arm R¹ sufficient to move the dollars disk L' two teeth instead of one, 2
both cogs of the part u" meshing with the pinion. In order to guard against a
sudden blow of the hammer possibly giving such momentum to the bifurcated arm
as to rotate the pinion 27 more than desired I provide as a break the spring dog 36
pivotted to the case and arranged so that its lower end will be struck by the
shoulder 37 on the hammer lever so as to throw the upper end of the dog between 3
the teeth of the pinion just as the bifurcated arm has completed the transfer. The
above described transfer mechanism it will be understood is applicable to any total
adding machine and is not to be limited to the particular class of machines I have
described and forms a novel and very important part of my invention.
3
I will now describe the recording and time mechanism of our register.
Hitherto it has been sought to arrange in connection with the key levers of cash
registers a series of puncturing pins or a series of type to record on paper strips or
tickets the exact amount of each sum deposited in the register, but in those cash
registers with which I am familiar, containing registering and indicating mechanism
and operated by keys, the puncturing points or type have been arranged to be +
operated by each key separately, so that with the puncturing points prepared paper
has had to be used, extending entirely across all the keys, or when type has been
used it has only been applicable as a substitute for the puncturing pins or to print
on a ticket or check, the amount of a single key only. For it will be manifest that
if type are employed each acted upon only by its corresponding key it will not be 4
practically useful in machines which employ two or three groups of keys to be
operated simultaneously, for the type would in that case be correspondingly separated
and it would be impossible to have the check or ticket in two or three places at the
same time to be printed. In my machine, however, I have connected the type bar
with the actuator for the registering mechanism, so that through the medium of a 5
bar common to each series of keys I bring my type bar into play by the operation
of the several keys, each key in this way rotating the type bar different degrees to
bring the type denoting the value of the key into a position to be acted upon to
stamp its value on the recording paper and further by this connection of the type
bar to the actuators I am enabled to bring together the type bars of the series of 5
actuators, so that I can print on a ticket or strip of paper in close proximity to
each other, the record of the keys of each group operated simultaneously. This

page_text: forms another novel and valuable feature of my invention applicable as well to all
machines employing actuators for the registry mechanism common to a group of
keys as to the machine I have illustrated.
Affixed to one side arm B¹ of each actuator and extending downwards between
the keys are the arms D" D" D" each of which carries on its lower end a type
bar 38 holding a series of ten type representing the numbers from 0 to 9 inclusive,
as shown in Fig. 26 while the arms are so bent as shown in Fig. 3 as to bring the
type bars in close proximity to each other leaving sufficient space to allow for the
lateral shifting of the actuator as the segment rack is thrown into and out of mesh.
In the normal position of the actuator the lowest type is the cypher, and the type
are so spaced as to bring the other nine type in succession to the lowest point as
the nine keys of the group are successively operated. When three keys, one for
ench group are operated simultaneously the type representing the numbers of the
keys operated will be presented together at the lowest point of the type bars.
Extending across these type from side to side and wound on suitable rolls, 41, 41
supported in standards 42, is an ink ribbon 43, while at right angles thereto and
immediately underneath the same is the paper strip 45. This paper strip in the
form I have shown it is paid out from a dispensing roll E" and wound up on a
receiving roller or drum F". Supported on proper supports at the left of the type
bars is a clock movement G". I need not further describe this movement than to
say that I preferably use an ordinary eight day clock in which the minute hand has
been removed and a cam wheel H" has been substituted for the minute hand, so
that this cam wheel will complete a revolution every hour. This wheel has two
cams at opposite sides in order to give a reciprocating movement at intervals of
half an hour to the pivotted pawl carrier K" the carrier being held by the spring 48
with the pin 49 bearing against the cam wheel. This pawl carrier carries the
spring dog 46 which engages with the ratchet wheel L" and it will be obvious from
the construction shown that every half hour the ratchet wheel L" will be moved
one tooth, a spring pawl 47 acting as a brake against any backward movement of
the ratchet wheel. Upon the ratchet wheel L" in front thereof is secured the type
carrying disk M", having extending from its outer surface a series of twenty-four
type, representing each half hour from six o'clock in the morning till 6 o'clock at
night. This clock movement with type disk is so located with reference to the
type bars of the actuators as to bring an hour type in close proximity to and in a
line with the lowest type of the type bars. Pivotted on a standard Nu secured to
the bottom of the case is a stamping lever P", carrying on one end a stamping
plate O" of a length and width just sufficient to cover the four type that are in
line at the lowest point. A spring 50 limited in its action by pins 59 underneath
this stamping lever presses against same on both sides of its pivotal point. Rigidly
secured to the power bar T' is a bar R", pivotted on the key shaft K and extending
down between the keys. This bar R carries on its lower outer end a spring
dog S which catches under the outer end of the stamping lever P" and upon the
forward movement of the power bar T¹ upon the operation of any key raises and
trips the stamping lever in the well known manner. Upon the tripping of the
stamping lever the stamping plate O" is thrown up under the action of spring 50
against the paper, ink ribbon and type and thus prints upon the paper the time of
the day and the amount deposited. The action of the spring 50 is such as to hold
the stamping lever in equilibrium with the stamping plate held slightly away from the
recording paper in its normal position but when the lever is tripped, the stamping
plate is thrown up as described, the pins 59 acting to limit the vibration of the
spring and bring the lever at once to rest.
Secured to the power bar T¹ in the same manner as bar R", is another bar T"
likewise extending down between the operating keys and carrying on its lower end
a spring pawl 51, which pawl engages with the ratchet wheel U on the drum of
the paper receiving roll F, so that with each operation of a key, the drum F
will be turned a part of a revolution, and thus a fresh portion of the paper will be
exposed each time to the type, the tripping of the stamping plate On not taking

page_text: place until the key has reached the limit of its stroke, and the paper strip has
ceased to move under the action of pawl 51.
1 have here shown the means for recording the half hours of the business day on
the recording strip, but it is obvious that by increasing the number of cams on the
cam wheel and changing the type disk accordingly, the time record may be changed.
every ten minutes or even less, if desired. I have likewise arranged for the record
strip to be stored on a reel, but this method of disposing of the printed record is by
no means necessary as it may be arranged to be delivered out of the register and
torn off, or in other ways disposed of. And furthermore any convenient way of
supporting the ink ribbon may be used and means arranged to change the position
of the ribbon also after each record.
The addition of my time movement to the recording registering mechanism forms
another novel and valuable feature of my invention. It has become the custom in
the use of cash registers of this class to employ detectives to make purchases, in
order to determine whether the cash register is being honestly used and large sums
of money are spent every year for this purpose but with my improvement the
proprietor can be his own detective, as not only the amount but the time of each
sale is recorded, so that if the proprietor knows that a purchase of seventy-five cents
is made at say 9 o'clock in the morning, upon examining the recording strip at the
end of the day's sales, he can ascertain positively whether the proper amount was
deposited in the register.
I am aware that it is old to combine a time printing wheel with a cash recording
wheel in cash indicators and recorders but in such machines if registering mechanism
is employed two or more manual operations are necessary to effect the complete
working of the machine while in our machine the recording and time printing
mechanism is so combined with the registering mechanism that but a single
operation of the numbered key is necessary to indicate record and register its
value.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cash Registering, Indicating, and Recording
Machines.
I REGINALD HADDAN of the firm of Herbert & Co. Patent Agents of
18 Buckingham Street Strand W.C. London, Civil Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention a communication to me from abroad by The Dayton
Autographic Register Co., of Dayton, State of Ohio, United States of America
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in cash registers and indicators for the
use of shop keepers and the like, in which a series of operating keys are employed
in connection with indicating, registering and recording mechanisms, to indicate,
register and record the various sums of money placed therein.
It has for its object various improvements in the construction of machines of
this character, the novelty of which will be hereinafter more particularly pointed
out and claimed.
This machine in its entirety belongs to that class of cash registers and indicators
in which a series of operating keys are employed, in connection with a series of
numbered tablets, to indicate the amounts deposited in the register, recording
mechanism to record the same, and registering mechanism to register and add
into a total sum those various amounts, a class of machines that have become well
known in the art as "total" adding" machines, as distinguished from the "detail

page_text: adding machines" in which the registering mechanism is not arranged to totalize
the various amounts, although in each class a single registering wheel is arranged
to be actuated to different degrees by each of a group of keys through the
medium of an actuator common to the group, and thus to register on a single
wheel the various values of the keys of the group; but although this machine is a
total adding machine, it will be understood that very many of the improvements
hereinafter set forth are applicable as well to cash registering machines belonging
to other classes.
It has been my aim to cheapen the construction, simplify the mechanism, and
increase the effectiveness and reliability of machines of this character a problem
difficult because of its limitations. Efforts to cheapen the construction_and
simplify the mechanism are very apt to decrease the effectiveness of the machine,
while in the endeavour to increase the reliability, the mechanism generally becomes
so complicated as to be unfit for practical use.
Cash registers as a rule receive very hard treatment, especially in the hands of
those who would use them dishonestly, and they must be so constructed that, while
perfectly reliable and accurate in their work, they cannot be tampered with or
caused to register or indicate false amounts by improper usage. The practical
success of a cash register, especially of the total adding class, depends in a large
measure on the absolute accuracy of the registering and adding mechanism, and
at the same time its ability to withstand the twists and strains put upon it by the
dishonest employé in his endeavour to "beat" the machine. The problem would
be comparatively simple were the machine designed for honest proper use only,
for delicate nicely adjusted mechanism, such as is used in the calculating and
adding machines, could then be readily employed; but delicate nice adjustment of
parts would not be practicable in a cash register, because such mechanism will
not stand rough or improper usage.
In cash registers of this class as ordinarily constructed it is almost always
possible by quick movement or strong pressure on the keys at the proper moment
to cause the registering mechanism to register falsely. To overcome these
difficulties by an accumulation of dogs and pawls and racks and the like is not
a proper mechanical solution, because the accumulation of parts adds to the
complication of the machinery, decreases its reliability, and increases the work to
be performed by the operating keys to such a degree that they become very
difficult to use and the machine fails of practical success. It also fails of practical
success in its manufacture, for complication and nice adjustment of parts increase
the cost of construction both in the production of the various parts and in their
fitting and adjustment into a finished machine.
My aim has been while accomplishing all that has been accomplished by machines
hitherto on the market, to dispense with many useless and unnecessary parts
by making the necessary parts perform various functions, to do away with the nice
adjustment thereof and establish the uniformity of the same, so that castings may
be used principally throughout the machine, and the fitting together of the
mechanism may be readily accomplished with little skill, and lastly so to design
and construct the parts that the least amount of power is lost in the operation of
the keys and so that the mechanism can be readily operated with the expenditure
of but little force. It is on these various lines that the novelty and valuable
features of this machine lie.
Referring to the drawings filed with the Provisional Specification which illustrate
the machine as constructed for the registration and indication of sums of money
of a decimal coinage, the additional sheets of drawings hereunto annexed show
such modifications of the machine as may be employed to render it suitable for the
English system of coinage. The following is a description of the body of
drawings in this connection the figures indicated by the. reference letter A in
addition to the numeral being those now added, and to which reference is made in
ascertaining the construction for the English system of coinage.

page_text: Fig. 1 Sheet 1 is an external perspective view of the completed machine.
Fig. 2 Sheet 2 is a top plan view of the register with the upper casing
removed.
Fig. 3 Sheet 3 is a back view in elevation of the register as shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 Sheet 4 is a side elevation of the right hand side of the register, with a
part of the casing removed showing the registry and adding discs and transfer
mechanism.
Fig. 5 Sheet 5 is a similar side elevation of the left hand side of the register
with the side panels of the case removed.
Fig. 6 Sheet 6 is a sectional side elevation taken in lines of Fig. 2 looking
toward the left hand side of the register with recording mechanism omitted.
Fig. 7 Sheet 7 is a sectional side elevation taken on lines y y looking towards
the transfer mechanism.
Fig. 8 Sheet 8 is a front perspective view of the oscillating bar by which the
indicating tablets are supported, and the gong sounded.
Fig. 9 Sheet 8 are perspective views of a pair of the indicating tablets and
coiled spring which acts on same.
Fig. 10 Sheet 9 is a perspective view of one of the upper bank of operating
keys.
Fig. 11 Sheet 9 is a perepective view of one of the lower bank of keys.
Fig. 12 Sheet 9 is a detail view in perspective of the graduated arms on the keys
for actuating the registering mechanism.
Fig. 13 Sheet 10 is a perspective view of two of the keys showing the key
coupler and key arrester applied thereto.
Fig. 14 Sheet 10 is a detail of one of the ratchet arms of each key.
Fig. 15 Sheet 11 is a detail view in perspective of a part of the registering
mechanism.
Fig. 16 Sheet 11 is a front view of one group of interlocking hubs which prevent
the operation of more than one key of a series at a time.
Fig. 17 Sheet 12 is a detail view in perspective of a portion of the transfer
mechanism.
Fig. 18 Sheet 12 is a detail view in perspective of the mechanism employed for
operating the transfer devices.
Figs. 19. 20. 21 22 and 23 Sheet 13 illustrate the pawl carrying transfer
bifurcated arm and transfer pawls in various positions, Fig. 20 being the reverse
of Fig. 19.
.
Fig. 24 Sheet 14 is a side elevation of a part of the recording mechanism,
showing the type bar, recording paper, and inking ribbon.
Fig. 25 Sheet 14 is a side view of the clock movement for governing the time
record.
Fig. 26 Sheet 14 a bottom plan view looking upward, showing the application of
the clock movement to the recording mechanism.
Fig. 27 Sheet 15 is a perspective view in detail of the mechanism for moving
the recording paper and stamping plate.
Figs. 28. 29 and 31 are perspective views in detail of pawls w¹, 3, and 8 of the
transfer mechanism.
Fig. 30 is a side view of pawl 3.
Fig. 32 a front view of pawls 3 and 8.
Fig. 33 is a perspective view of the lower fork of the bifurcated pawl carrying
the transfer arm.
The Figures 2, 4 and 15 of the drawings filed with the Provisional Specification
may be referred to to ascertain the construation for a decimal coinage with the
parts of the Provisional Specification thereto referring.
like letters and numerals of reference indicate identical parts in all the
figures.
AA is the casing or frame work of the machine, consisting of bottom, side

page_text: supports, and cross braces, and having various ornamental panels as shown in
Fig. 1 to form a complete casing for the working parts. The upper portion of the
case is provided with glass windows, through which the indicating tablets may be
seen upon the operation of the keys, as is usual in machines of this class.
Two stationary money receptacles B and C are provided securely fastened to the
case in any convenient way. These receptacles are closed by the lids or covers DE
which are secured to and supported by arms F F and G G made to conform on.
their upper supporting surfaces with the curvature of the lids D and E. The
supports FF of the upper cover D are secured to the rock shaft H, which extends
from side to side at the rear and bottom of the case and is journalled in the sides
of the frame, while the arms G. G of the cover E are likewise secured to a similar
rock shaft I journalled likewise in the sides of the frame. Coiled springs b of
sufficient strength, on each end of the front shaft I, one end of each spring bearing
against the bottom of the case and the other ends secured to the shaft by screws a
Fig. 5 tend to rock the same and raise the arms F and G and thus throw back
the covers D and E, the cover E swinging on a radius of which the rock shaft I
is the centre, while the cover D swings on a radius of which the rock shaft H
is the centre. It will be noted that the cover E of the lower receptacle, in
order to uncover fully the same, has to swing back as far or farther than the upper
cover, and also that the uncovering of both receptacles should be accomplished
in the same period of time. Therefore the lower cover, which has the shorter-
radius, will have to move more rapidly than the upper cover in order to pass over
the same or a greater distance in the same space of time. This could not possibly
be accomplished by the use of one arm with both covers attached thereto. It is
further desirable in order not to unnecessarily increase the parts, that both
receptacles should be disclosed simultaneously by one movement. In order to
accomplish these results, I provide as follows. The arms F F have forward
extensions cc carrying pins d d. Fig. 5 which fit within the slots e e in the
arms G G, and in this way any movement of either of the arms For G carries
the other set and its cover with it, and at the same time a differential rate of
speed is obtained in the two covers, so that they will open and close simultaneously.
A pin or lug f. Fig. 7 at the upper part of one of the arms F extends inwardly
within a slot g in the case, and a latch pivoted to the inner side of the case by.
screw and held down by the spring j, bears against this lugf and holds the covers
of the money receptacles shut till the latch is released as will be hereinafter
described. A handle is attached to the lower cover E for convenience in closing:
same.
These two separate money receptacles are preferably arranged, the lower one.
for coin divided by partitions and the upper one for currency, and the two com-
partments being separated by the operating keys a very convenient. arrangement
is obtained.
In machines of this class as hitherto constructed, the money receptacle has
ordinarily consisted of a single movable money drawer arranged to be released and.
thrown out from the case by the operation of the keys, or a single stationary com-.
partment with sliding lid has been provided, or in some cases a combination of the
two has been arranged, one compartment being stationary and the other a drawer;
but the novelty of this money receptacle consists in providing the two compartments.
both stationary and separate from each other by the banks of keys or otherwise, so
that there is no chance of confusion in placing the money in the wrong compartment,
and, further, no mechanical device has to be employed for moving the money, so-
that the means employed for uncovering the receptacles always has uniform work
to do, which is not the case where money drawers are used, in which the accumulated
coin of a days sales often adds very materially to the weight to be moved. The
means above described for accomplishing these results forms a novel and valuable-
feature of this invention, which is not to be limited in its use to the machine I have
described, but is plainly applicable to other classes of machines in which money.
drawers are now employed.

page_text: : In connection with the arms F F I use a novel form of bumper to prevent any
jar or noise when the covers are thrown open, which at the same time prevents
any rebounding of the parts. This consists of a spring plate Fig. 5 securely
fastened to the side of the frame of the machine by screws or otherwise, while its
free-end is slightly raised from the surface of the frame work. The back edge of
the arm Fis sharpened in order to slide in between this spring plate and the surface
of the framework, so that the spring plate = will press against the outer surface
of the same, and thus form an effectual bumper which will also grasp the arm and
prevent rebounding.
Extending through the central portion of the case from side to side is the
shaft K. Upon this shaft are pivoted from side to side the series of operating key
levers L extending out through slots in the case in front, and with their rear
extremities guided in slots n, Fig. 2 at the back of the case. These operating keys
are provided with numbered buttons m and are arranged for the operator in two banks
or rows, as is usual, to economize space. These keys are divided into three
groups or sections for actuating the registering mechanism, as will be hereinafter
fully described, the first key on the right being numbered pence and composing
the first section, the next eleven keys in the middle representing the pence and
numbered from 1 to 11 and the remaining 20 keys on the left representing the
nineteen shillings and £1 and being numbered 1 to 19 and £1. An odd key is
shewn in Fig. 2 (lettered CK) which, when operated, does not effect any registration,
and, if desired, other keys could be added to represent "amounts charged" or
"paid out" or otherwise.
In the upper part of the case, extending longitudinally from side to side, is a
shaft M. Upon this shaft are strung and pivoted a series of indicating tablets N N
numbered on both sides to correspond with the numbers of the key levers. Two
of these indicating tablets are shown in detail in Fig. 9 Sheet 8. They normally
lie in a horizontal position, resting on the tops of the keys, so as to be out of sight,
as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and are arranged in pairs with their indicating faces
alternately to the front and rear of shaft M. All of the rearward extending
tablets are similar to each other and are made up (see Fig. 9) of indicating face
central hub p, curved connecting arm 9 and curved lug and all the frontward
extending tablets are likewise similar to each other and made up of indicating face o,
hub p straight arms curved lug and straight connecting arm t the indicating
faces o o being twice as wide as the hubs and other parts. A notch u preferably
bevelled inward is cut in each of the hubs p so that for each pair of tablets the
notches will be adjacent to each other, but on opposite sides of the supporting shaft,
when the pair of tablets are lying in their normal position, and a small coiled
spring is placed around the shaft M, so that one end will bear within the notch
in the hub of one tablet of the pair and the other end have a similar bearing
in the notch in the hub of the other tablet, one coiled spring being used for
each pair of tablets, the tendency of which spring is to return the tablet
raised to its normal position and at the same time by bearing against the bevelled
notches u to draw the two tablets of the pair together. The bearings of the hubs
on the shaft are recessed, as shown in Fig. 9, in order to make room for the springs.
The indicating tablets are arranged thus in pairs lying alternately on opposite
sides of the supporting shaft in order to economize space, for it will be noticed
that the hubs and arms being only half the width of the indicating face, by thus
being arranged alternately two tablets only take the space that one would take
were they arranged to rotate on the shaft in the same direction.
The ordinary indicating mechanism of machines of this class consists of a series
of indicating tablets supported in a vertical position by tablet rods and adapted to
be raised in a vertical plane. This method, however, is not as simple and cheap in
construction as the rotating tablets shown in my machine.
I am aware that indicating tablets have hitherto been strung or pivoted on a
shaft extending longitudinally at right angles across the case; but that arrange
ment has hitherto not been found practical, because the tablets were all arranged

page_text: to rotate on the same side of the shaft, and therefore space could not be economized
without the tablets interfering with each other. I am also aware that the indi-
cating tablets have also been strung on a shaft or shafts parallel with the plane of
the operating keys; but in that case also they are arranged to rotate on the same
side of the shaft. I am also aware that various other forms of rotating tablets have
been used, arranged on a shaft similar to mine, with the indicating numbers
disposed on the periphery of circular or hexagonal bands.
These forms of tablets, however, are expensive in construction, and in order to
economize space the numbers have to be placed in groups on each band requiring
mechanism to control the rotation to display the proper numeral, or the indicating
faces of the tablets have to be disposed in different planes to prevent interference.
I believe, however, I am the first to combine the advantages of both classes of
indicating mechanism. The indicating tablets are flat disks, such as are used in
the former class. They can likewise be arranged in the same lateral space by over-
lapping each other, while as in the latter class they can be easily strung on the
supporting shaft as described. They require no attachments to tablet rods. One
coiled spring is sufficient for two tablets both to return them to place and to keep
the pairs of tablets together and prevent them spreading apart and crowding the
rest of the tablets on the shaft, and thus dispensing with the screws or pins which
would be necessary if a separate spring were required for each tablet. The
complete tablet can be cast in one piece and the entire indicating mechanism can be.
adjusted and arranged at a moment's notice. These features form novel and
valuable parts of this invention and are not intended to be limited to the machine I.
am describing, but are plainly applicable to other classes of machines which employ
indicating mechanism. The indicating tablets are rotated into a vertical position
by the operating keys so that upon striking any key its value is shown by the
proper indicating tablets. The back rows of tablets, having the curved connecting
arms 9 are raised by the arms on the operating keys whose numbered buttons m are
in the top row, while the front row of tablets is raised into view by being rotated
in the opposite direction by the keys of the lower bank. The upper bank of keys:
has projecting upward the arms vv preferably curved to form the arc of a circle of
which the shaft K is the centre. The ends of the key levers are thus curved in:
order that none of the power applied to the finger buttons m in raising the indicating
tablets may be lost or split up into resultant forces as is the case where the ends of
the key levers raise vertically reciprocating tablet rods, a feature of some novelty
and importance for in machines of this character the key levers have so much
mechanism to operate that every loss in the application of power is in the end apt
to become a serious matter in the practical operation of the machine.
The depression of any key of the upper bank will therefore bring the upper end
of the arm against the underside of the curved arm 9 of its corresponding
tablet, which is arranged directly in the path of motion of the top of the arms v.
This throws the tablet into a vertical position and in order to prevent any
violent movement of the key from rotating its tablet too far, a series of positive
stops w is arranged on these keys, against which the curved arm r of the tablet
comes in contact and thus stops the rotation thereof.
The front series of tablets are rotated in the opposite direction in a vertical
position in a like manner by the arms y y on the lower bank of keys. The back
faces of the downwardly extending arms ss of these tablets rest upon these arms y y
so that in the upward rotation of the arms y y upon the depression of the keys the
tablets are thus rotated into a vertical position. This series of tablets is prevented
from rotating too far by the curved arms coming in contact with pins or stops.c":
on the cross brace P of the machine.
Pivoted in a vertical position to the rear face of the cross brace P at a' a¹ is an
oscillating frame (shown in front perspective in Fig. 8 Sheet 8). This oscillating!
frame is made up of the bars b¹ and the end bars d' d' all pivoted together so as
to allow a lateral oscillation of the bars b¹ c¹ in opposite directions. A spring J:
Fig. 3 secured at its middle point to the cross brace P, bears with its ends equally

page_text: on the bars b¹¹ so that until vibrated the frame remains in equilibrium, while pins z¹
limit the action of the spring J' so that the frame after vibration is quickly brought
to rest. On the upper bar 6' are arranged a series of lugs f1 f1 extending upward
and corresponding in number to the indicating tablets, alternately facing to the
front and rear and bevelled on opposite sides. When the oscillating frame is in its
normal position this series of lugs f¹f stands directly in the pathway of the rotation
of the curved arms of the indicating tablets as shown in Fig. 3 and no tablet
can be raised as the arms rr of the tablets will come in contact with these lugs.
On the lower bar c is another series of lugs el extending downward in number
the same as the upper series. These lugs e¹ e¹ carry bevelled shoulders g² g'
extending out from their front faces. On each operating key is a similar lug or
shoulder bevelled in the same direction and the operating keys and
Oscillating frame are so arranged that upon the depression of a key these bevelled
lugs or shoulders will be brought in contact, and the further upward move-
ment of the key will shift the lower bar c' laterally to the right and the upper
bar will move to the left a corresponding amount, thus clearing the pathway
for the proper tablet to be raised while the little coiled spring bearing on the
hub of the tablet, will return any tablet that may have been held up to its
horizontal position. Upon the complete depression of a key, however, the bevelled
lug h¹ on the key will move past the lugs g' g' when the action of the spring j'
on both bars of the frame will cause the frame to vibrate violently for a moment.
Cast solidly or rigidly secured to one of the end bars d¹ is a hammer ¹ extending
downward to the gong R.
The vibration of the oscillating frame causes the hammer to strike the gong,
and thus upon the depression of any key the bell will be sounded. In order to
allow the key and its bevelled lug to be returned to place without materially
-oscillating the frame and sounding the gong the lower part of the lugs e¹ e¹ are cut
away as shown at ¹ in order to allow an almost uninterrupted passage of the
bevelled lugs h¹h to place. It will thus be seen that upon the depression of any
operating key and the consequent raising of its rear end the oscillating frame will
be moved laterally to allow the proper tablet to rise and to release any tablet
already displayed. The upper bar will then be thrown back to its normal position
to catch and hold up the tablet that has been raised, and at the same time the
vibration of the frame will strike the gong. I am aware that a laterally oscillating
bar, with shoulders, has been employed to retain in position vertically reciprocating
indicating tablets as distinguished from my rotating tablets; but I know of no
arrangement wherein the gong hammer is a rigid part of this oscillating frame, so
that the lateral displacement of the frame to release a tablet and allow another to
take its place will strike the gong. In such machines as have employed a supporting
bar for the tablet rods, the only function of the spring employed has been to return
the supporting bar to place to retain the operating tablet, while in my construction
a vibrating spring is used, which not only returns the bar to place, but vibrates
it suddenly for a moment subject to the limitations of the pins and therefore I
can attach my gong hammer or cast it rigidly to the end of the bar d' because the
sudden vibration will throw the hammer against the gong, while the spring normally
holds the hammer away from the gong, a result which manifestly cannot be accom-
plished where a mere returning spring is used. By this construction I am able
to dispense with several parts which have hitherto been necessary to trip the striking
hammer of the gong.
I do not, of course, wish to be limited to the particular form of spring shown,
as other springs or their equivalents, weights and the like might be equally well
used to accomplish the same result. It is moreover not essential that the oscillating
frame should be vibrated by the action of the keys, as I have described, as any
convenient means may be employed; nor is this part of this invention to be
limited to the particular machine I have shown but is obviously applicable to other
machines in which other tablet systems are used.
In machines of this class in which a single registry wheel is actuated to different

page_text: degrees by a group of keys means must be devised to prevent the operation of two.
or more keys of a group simultaneously, for otherwise the key of the highest value
will alone be registered. The means devised heretofore and in common use have been
usually a series of stops arranged in the pathway of the key to allow the passage of
but one key at a time. In this machine instead of using stops, I use a series of
interlocking parts, each pivoted to a separate key and arranged so that one of the
parts can be operated; but when it is sought to move two or more they interlock
and so prevent the simultaneous operation of two or more keys.
Extending across the machine, parallel with the key shaft K and underneath
the front ends of the keys, is a shaft S. Strung and pivoted on this shaft is a
series of hubs m² m² one for each key lever. These hubs are arranged in groups
to correspond with the groups of the keys, and between each group is a plate or
stop n¹, rigidly secured to the shaft itself, so as to separate the group of hubs from
each other. Each hub is provided with lugs or projections o' and corresponding
recesses p¹ to receive the lugs on the adjoining hub. The separating plates n' are
also provided with similar recesses and projections. Extending out from each hub
is a slotted arm 9', integral therewith, the hubs being arranged on the shaft with
these arms alternately to the front and to the rear of the shaft S and with the
projections or lugs o' fitting within the recesses of the adjoining hubs. The distance
between the fixed plates n between each series of hubs is such as to allow one hub
to rotate and push the others aside, but there is not sufficient space to allow two
or more to rotate at the same time in opposite directions. Upon each key L is a
downward extending arm r¹ with a pin extending out at right angles thereto
to engage with the slotted arms q' of these hubs. It will be seen that if one key
of a group is depressed the corresponding hub pivoted thereto will turn with the
key, but if it is sought to operate two or more keys at a time, the hubs will
interlock with each other and prevent such operation. It is necessary with this
arrangement of hubs however to arrange them to rotate in opposite directions for
if the slotted arms were all disposed on the same side, and it was sought to operate
two or more at a time the hubs to be rotated would lock together and would then
form a single hub and there would be space to allow them to move together, but
by alternating them as described, if two or more hubs that rotate in the same
direction are sought to be moved the intermediate hub or hubs will still lock them,
which would not be the case if they all rotated in the same direction.
In machines of this class where it is desired to indicate and register amounts
which require the simultaneous operation of three keys of different groups it will
be obvious that it is advantageous, and it has been customary, to provide means
for coupling together keys that may be operated so that after the proper keys are
started should the fingers of the operator slip from any of the keys the pressure on
even one of the keys will carry the others with it. The means I employ consists
of a bar T extending horizontally across all the keys and fixed to side arms t¹ t¹
which are pivoted to the sides of the case so as to allow the bar T to swing over
the keys.
Immediately underneath this bar T the several key levers are provided with
slots u¹u inclined in the direction of an arc of a circle whose centre is the shaft K
of the key levers. The operation of any two or more keys of different groups will
bring the bar T within the slots u u' of such keys and inasmuch as the slots of the
keys are inclined away from the path of motion of the bar T as soon as the bar T
has entered the slots u' u', the keys operated will become coupled together and the
operation of one key will carry the others with it. It will also be noticed that the
operation of any key as the bar T enters its slot will swing the bar out over all
the other keys so that the flat surface w³ w¹ of the unoperated keys will be then
directly under the bar T and thus all the unoperated keys will be locked. A small
springFig. 5, coiled on the pivot of the bar T, bears against a pin yl on the end
of the bar and keeps the same over the slots in the keys; otherwise the weight of
the bar would swing it out over the surfaces w' of the keys and lock them all.
This key coupling bar T also performs another function. Resting underneath one
D

page_text: end of the same is the latch and upon the operation of any key of the register
and the consequent swinging out of the bar T, common to all the keys, the latch h
will be depressed, releasing the side arm F and allowing the covers of the money
receptacle to be thrown back as heretofore described. In machines of this and
other classes it has also been customary to provide means for arresting the key
after it has been started to prevent its return to place until it has completed its
stroke; otherwise after a key had been struck and a partial registration made the
finger of the operator might slip from the key which would then return to place
without the gong being struck or the indication of the proper amount on the
indicating tablets. One method of accomplishing this result has been by a system
of racks and pawls to prevent the return of a key, but with this arrangement it
has always been necessary to provide means for holding or throwing the pawl out
of engagement with its rack during the return stroke of the key. In my machine
I likewise employ a tooth or teeth on each key and engage therewith a pawl bar
extending across all the keys of a group; but the novelty of this part of this
invention consists of my novel means for the return of the key to place without
any pawl releasing mechanism. An arm a" extends downward from each key,
having formed on the lower end thereof one or more teeth (ore tooth is sufficient
for the purpose in this machine) but I have shown two teeth in the drawings as
two or even more teeth could be used if desired. Extending horizontally across
the machine from side to side and in front of this series of arms a¹¹ is a shaft U.
Upon this shaft are pivoted by the side arms 66 three pawl bars V to correspond
with the three groups of keys, the pawl bars being provided with teeth c" at proper
intervals to engage with the tooth on the arms all of the keys. These pawl bars
ure swung loosely on the shaft U and are capable of a lateral movement on the
shaft against the pressure of the coiled spring done end of which is fast to the
shaft and the other bears against the under side of one of the arms 611 of the pawl
bar, so as both to keep it in a horizontal position and press it to the right. Upon
the left side of each of the arms a" is cut a double bevelled recess f" deeper and
wider at its front end than in the rear as shown in Fig. 14, while each of the
teeth c¹ of the pawl bar is also bevelled to form a projection to enter this double
bevelled recess. As soon as a key lever has been depressed slightly, one of the
pawl bar teeth will engage with the first tooth on the arm a" and prevent the key
from returning to its normal position as shown in Fig. 13. After the arm of the
key has passed the tooth of the pawl bar and is on its return, the bevelled recess ₤11
of the arm engages with the tooth of the pawl bar and shifts the entire bar laterally
on the shaft U against the pressure of the coiled spring, and thus the arm after it
has passed the pawl bar can be readily returned to place, because of this lateral
shifting of the bar, while as soon as the arm a" has passed the bar on its return
stroke, the pawl bar is at once returned to its normal position through the action of
the spring d¹.
The co-operation of this key coupler and key arrester as arranged in this machine
enables me to accomplish a novel and very useful result not attainable in other
machines of this class embodying a series of groups of keys and an actuator for
the registering mechanism common to the group. For example, suppose it is
desired to register such a sum as eighteen shillings, eleven pence halfpenny.
The 18 shillings key is at the extreme left of the key board while the halfpenny
key is at the extreme right, with the 11 pence key in the middle. For a person
with a small hand or a one handed man it will be almost if not quite impossible to
strike these keys simultaneously. I have therefore so arranged the parts, that the
keys may be started one after the other. It will be noted that before the registering
and indicating mechanism is acted upon, the work the keys have to perform is very
slight. The adjustment of the slots u' in the keys, co-operating with the bar T,
and the rack teeth on the arins a", co-operating with the pawl bar V, is such that
the pawl bar will catch and hold the key from resetting before the bar T has been
swung out far enough to lock the other keys, while the extra power required to
move the indicating and registering mechanism will serve as a guide to the operator:

page_text: to prevent him from moving the key too far. The user can therefore operate the
keys in succession, pressing the 18 shilling and 11 pence keys slightly till the key
arrester holds them resetting, and then operating the halfpenny key alone to its
full limit the key coupler carrying the 18 shilling and 11 pence keys with it, and
thus the machine will register and indicate the proper amount 18 shillings and
11 pence halfpenny. This result cannot be accomplished in other machines of
this class with which I am acquainted, because, as will appear at more length
hereinafter, the devices necessary to compel the complete of the keys in such
machines in order to effect proper registration lock the keys from any back move-
ment at such short intervals, and the work to be performed by the keys being
either uniform throughout or greater at the start than afterward there is no
practical method of gauging the stroke of the keys to effect the desired operation.
In total adding machines as ordinarily constructed for the purpose of registra-
tion it has been customary to employ a single registry wheel for each group of
keys, suitable means being employed to actuate the registry wheel to different
degrees for the various fixed values of the keys, and thus to register the correct
values on the wheel. The means employed hitherto for this purpose have been by
providing an actuator common to the entire group of keys carrying the means for
operating the registry wheel and either fulcruming each key at different points to
this common actuator, so that the completed stroke of a key would move the
actuator the proper amount, or by grading the distance between the actuator and
the series of keys so that the complete stroke of a key would move the actuator
the necessary distance to register the value of the key; or other means have been
devised, such as a series of segment racks actuated by the various keys, having
teeth corresponding in number to the value of said keys, so as to turn the
registry wheel the proper number of teeth; but in all of these methods and in
others in use, in order to make the proper registration it is necessary for the
operated key to complete or very uearly complete its stroke before the registration
is accomplished, because where such means are employed the key of the smallest
value must act on the actuator only at the end of its stroke, as all the keys have
the same length of stroke. For example, take the common arrangement where
the actuator is a bar inclined laterally and transversely to the keys. The one penny
key must strike the bar at or nearly at the end of its stroke and not before, else a
wrong value would be registered by moving the actuator too far, and the same is
true of the other devices in use. As a result of this supposed necessity for the
complete stroke of the key before the registration is completed great difficulty has
been experienced in the construction of a machine which could not be improperly
used by a dishonest employé. For example, suppose it is desired to register such
a sum as 18 shillings and 5 pence on machines as ordinarily constructed. The
dishonest employé will operate the 18/- key and the 5d. key, but just before the
18/- has completed its stroke let him pull back strongly on this key while still
pressing the 5d. key. The 5d. key will open the money receptacle, ring the bell,
and indicate and register its value, while the 18/- key will also indicate its value
on the tablets, but the strong backward pressure on the 18/- key will cause it to
spring back and fail to move the registry wheel the last tooth or the last two teeth,
and thus one or two shillings will be lost. This is a defect that it is very
to overcome in practice, because with the ordinary rack and pinion mechanism a
movement of a thirty second of an inch will often move the registry wheel one
tooth, and the working parts will almost always "give" to back pressure to that
extent. The fault lies, principally, in requiring the complete stroke of the keys to
effect the registration, for if the registration is begun at the beginning of the
stroke for all keys alike, so that the key may have considerable movement
after registration to complete its initial stroke, such manipulation can avail nothing.
Another difficulty experienced is that the employé by operating the keys very
rapidly with a quick sharp stroke can get up such momentum therein as to make it
very difficult to stop the registry wheel actuated thereby at the proper point.
Thirdly, in old machines where an actuator is used common to a group of keys
•
difficult

page_text: and moved thereby, the arrangement has always been such that the actuator would
rise and fall with the movement of the key, so that without special devices to
prevent it "pumping" could easily take place that is during its forward or
backward stroke, the key could be moved back and forth to register indefinite
sums.
One chief feature of this invention consists of a novel construction and arrange-
ment of parts to overcome these defects, a construction simple in itself, without
any multiplication of parts to accomplish the result, and yet so effective and
substantial that it is impossible by springing the keys by any quick sudden
movement thereof or by pumping or otherwise to cause the machine to register
falsely. I accomplish these results by three fundamental changes in structure
which I believe to be novel in the art.
In the first place, while I use an actuator common to all the keys of a group,
and means connecting the actuator with a single registry wheel, I do not grade the
distance between the actuator and the several keys so that the keys of small value
act on the actuator only at the completion of their stroke, and thus compel the
complete operation of a key to effect it proper registration with all the attendant
difficulties above set forth; but I arrange this actuator so that its distance from the
entire series of keys is practically the same for each key, but so that the engage-
ment surfaces between the two will be of different lengths, and thus the actuator
be moved different degrees for the different values of the keys, a construction
which allows the registration of the value of the key, for all keys alike, to
commence at the beginning of the stroke, and the first defect due to the springing
of the keys is overcome; secondly I so arrange the actuator and keys that as soon
as the value of the key has thus been registered the actuator is positively stopped
from any further movement, no matter how swift the stroke and no matter what
twists and strains the key may be subjected to; thirdly, the registry wheels for
the different groups of keys are all moved by the positive direct action of the
keys on their downward and positive stroke, and although the machine belongs to
the total adding class and keys of the different groups can be operated simul-
taneously, the registry wheels are also acted upon simultaneously, the actuating
means being in direct and positive connection with the registry wheel during the
entire operation of the key from the commencement of its stroke until it is
returned to its normal position, the actuator thus being held in whatever position it
may be placed by the action of the key, so that pumping of the keys cannot effect
the registration and the necessity for spring pawls or the like to compel the
complete movement of the key in both directions are dispensed with.
The registration mechanism for each of the three groups of keys, that is the
half pence, pence and shillings keys being the same I will confine my description
mainly to the registration devices for the pence series of keys. Extending
longitudinally across the case from side to side in the rear of the machine and
supported in the sides of the same is the shaft W. Upou this shaft are pivoted
the three actuators oue for each group of keys as shown in Fig. 15ª Sheet 11.
These actuators are formed of three horizontal side bars Y Z and A' secured to
end arms or bars B¹ B¹ which are loosely pivoted on shaft W, so as to rotate and
also slide laterally thereon. The downwardly extending side bar Z extends across
the key levers as shown in Fig. 6, the same being cut away at g" to allow for the
operation of the key levers without disturbing this bar Z while the bar Y extends
horizontally across the lugs or projections C¹ on the key levers. These projections C¹
are all of practically the same height, so that the bar Y is practically the same
vertical distance from the initial contact point of each key in its upward movement,
but these projections C¹ are graded lengthwise of the keys as shown in Fig. 12 the
one pence key (Fig. 12) having a very slight contact surface 4" while the eleven
pence key (in Fig. 12) has quite a broad contact surface " the keys between
having each one eleventh less contact surface than the next key of higher value.
on the pence series. The back edge of each of these projections Cris shaped
in the arc of a circle whose centre is the shaft K of the key lever, and as the rear

page_text: end of a key is raised by the depression of the finger button, the contact surface h¹¹
coming in contact with the operating bar Y will rotate the actuator to an extent
determined by the breadth of this contact surface. As soon however us the
projection has passed the operating bar the bar will then rest against the edge ¿¹¹
and will be prevented from returning to place, while the further raising of the
key will not move the actuator at all, inasmuch as the sliding point of contact
between the two will continue on the arc of the same circle whose centre is the
shaft K of the key lever. Further than this, the lower back edges " of these
projections C¹ are also cut in the arc of a circle whose centre is the key shaft K,
and are so arranged that when the upper contact surface has just passed the
operating bar Y the lower edge of the stop bar Z will be brought into contact
therewith so that the upward movement of the actuator is positively arrested,
while at the same time the key can continue its upward movement. It therefore
follows that how rapidly that you operate the key lever it is absolutely impossible
to move the actuator more than the value of the key operated calls for. This
arrangement of parts, in which the actuator is extended horizontally across the
keys at practically equal distances from all the keys of the series, forms a very
important and valuable feature of this invention, and its use is not intended to be
restricted to the particular form of total adding machine I have here illustrated,
for this arrangement of parts can be advantageously applied to other classes of
machines where it is desired to register the value of a key of a series through the
medium of an actuator common to the series.
Pivoted in the frame at one end and in standards D' D¹ D' at the other are
three shafts E¹ E¹ E¹ one for the halfpenny, one for the pence and one for the
shilling group of keys, carrying the pinions F1 F1 Fi on one end and the
registry wheels or discs G K L on the other. The pinion for the halfpence key
is provided with twelve teeth in order to provide a large radius although any even
number of teeth would do as this pinion is moved only one tooth at a time, the
pinion for the pence series of keys has twelve teeth and the pinion for the shilling,
twenty teeth. The registry disks are numbered on their external faces to
correspond with the teeth on the pinion F' F' F' except that the half pence disc is
marked 0 one half, 0 one half, six times so that either 0 or half pence will show
each time this disc is moved one tooth, the pence disc being numbered from 0 to 11
and the shilling disc from 0 to 19 as shown in Fig. 4, and all the discs are covered
with the shield Z¹¹ (shown in dotted outline Fig. 4) so as to conceal all the numerals
on each disc except one.
In this way the movement of a pinion Fl one or more teeth will turn its corre-
sponding registry disc a corresponding number of points, as will be readily under-
stood. These registry discs and attendant mechanism are closed in the finished
machine by door Y (shown in Fig. 1) which can be locked with a suitable key
kept by the proprietor, so that no operator of the machine can have access to the
same to tamper with the mechanism.
The right hand side arm B' of each actuator is extended to form a segment rack H³,
having the proper number of teeth to correspond to the numbers on the corre-
sponding discs, two teeth for the half pence wheel, 22 for the pence and 20 for the
shilling. The back edge of this rack being extended so as to rest against the back
of the case and hold the actuator in the position shown in Fig. 6 with the operating
bar Y over the lugs C₁ on the keys and the stop bar Z in close proximity to the
edge g" of the keys. In its normal position this segment rack is out of line with
its pinion F; but whenever a key is operated it is at once thrown into mesh as
follows: The third bar A' of the actuator extends back, slightly inclined upward
therefrom, and is provided with a series of teeth bevelled on the lower edge, one
for each key, while each key carries a bevelled projection or shoulder m" to engage
with the bevelled teeth on this shifting bar A'. A coiled spring n¹ Fig. 3, one
for each actuator, is coiled on the shaft W, one end resting on the frame or standard
and the other against the end of the operating bar Y so as to hold the actuator

page_text: with the segment rack H¹ resting against the back of the case and at the same
time press the actuator to the left, when the segment rack H¹ will be out of line
with the pinion F¹ but as soon as a key is operated the bevelled shoulder m" on
the key, striking the bevelled tooth of the bar A³, shifts the actuator so as to
bring the segment rack into line with its pinion, and the further operation of the
key rotates the actuator sufficiently to turn the pinion and its registry wheel as
many teeth as there are units in the key operated. This shifting of the actuator
bar however, must be accomplished without rotating or tending to rotate the
actuator so as to cause registration, which result I accomplish by my novel
construction and arrangement of parts. The actuator is shifted from the side
opposite to the operating bar and in such a direction as to tend to rotate the
actuator in the wrong direction, so that any tendency to rotation under the stroke
of the shifting mechanism will be contrary to the rotation given it by the
operating bar. To accomplish this, the shifting bar A³ is inclined slightly upward,
and the operated key strikes same from the rear, so that any tendency to rotate is
to throw the segment rack away from its pinion, while the back of the segment rack
rests against the case to prevent any such movement. It will be seen, further, that
with my actuating mechanism, until the key has nearly completed its return stroke,
the segment rack will be held in mesh and will only be released when the key has
passed from between the teeth, and thereupon the actuator, under the pressure
of the coiled spring ", will be shifted on the shaft W and the segment rack be
thrown out of mesh and drop back to its normal position. In order to prevent any
return or back movement of the registry wheels 1 provide on the shafts E' E' E
a small ratchet wheel o" and dog p" for each wheel. This shifting of an actuator
common to a series of keys and carrying means for the operation of registry
mechanism to bring the parts into mesh and holding it in mesh until the key is
returned to its normal position is another valuable feature of this invention, and not
necessarily limited to the machine I have illustrated; nor is it essential that the
shifting of the actuator should be accomplished by the keys themselves as many
other convenient meaus could be employed. I am aware that it has hitherto been
sought to shift the pinions into line with their respective racks upon the operation
of the keys to effect the registration; but this construction is entirely different from
mine, as will be readily seen.
It will be noticed that the registry discs G' K' L' are moved on the positive
downward stroke of the operating keys, so that if shilling, pence and half pence
keys are operated simultaneously the three registry wheels will also move
simultaneously, so that it will not be possible when the half penny wheel has made
a sixth of a revolution to transfer the pence directly to the pence wheel and move
it on one tooth, because if a half pence and pence keys are being operated at the
same time, and consequently the half pence and pence wheels are moving at the
same time, the transfer of the one pence would be lost, and the same is true of
the transfer from the pence to the shilling wheel. It is therefore necessary ❝ to
save the transfer " until the registry wheels have ceased moving under the direct
impulse of the keys and arrange the parts so that the completion of a revolution by
a pence wheel, for example, will merely set the transfer devices, so that the transfer
may be made after the registry wheel has ceased to move; but it may happen that
two transfers will have to be made at the same time which must also be provided
for. For example suppose the registry wheels read "2" on the shillings, "11" on
the pence and "half. penny on the halfpenny wheels, showing that two shillings
and eleven pence halfpenny have been deposited in the registry and suppose that
one shilling and 6 pence half penny is deposited, so that the 1 shilling, the 6 pence
and half penny keys are operated simultaneously. Under the direct action of the
keys the shilling key will be moved one tooth and at the same time the pence wheel
will be moved six teeth and the half penny wheel one tooth so that the wheels will
then show "3" on the shilling, "5 on the pence, and "0" on the half penny
wheels. The pence wheel has, however, made a complete revolution and the
"

page_text: twelve pence or one shilling have to be transferred to the shilling wheel, which
would make that wheel show "4" while the half penny wheel has made a sixth of
a revolution and the one penny should be transferred to the pence wheel.
This can also be provided for by permitting each wheel to set its own transfer
device and arranging the parts so that the closing of the money drawer, the next
positive stroke of the keys or the back stroke of the operated keys will complete
this transfer. Such mechanism I am aware has been employed in total adding
machines of this class; but another difficulty now arises which has not hitherto
been provided for. Suppose the registry wheels read two shillings and eleven
pence halfpenny as before, and that one shilling and a halfpenny is to be registered.
Under the direct action of the keys, the shilling wheel will move one tooth and
show "3" and the halfpenny wheel one tooth and show "0." The halfpenny wheel
having completed a sixth of a revolution will set its transfer device ready for the
completion of the transfer with the next stroke of a key or on the back stroke of
the key being operated, or otherwise, but the pence wheel has not been moved at
all as yet, so that wheel will still show "11" as before, and upon the completion of
the transfer set by the halfpenny wheel, the three wheels will then show "3""O" "0"
and the shilling which should have been transferred to the shilling wheel is not
shown. It is true this transfer has not been lost under the old methods, for the
pence wheel when it was moved one tooth from 11 to 0 by the completion of the
transfer from the half penny wheel has set its transfer device; but it takes another
operation to complete the transfer.
The surmounting of this difficulty forms another novel and very valuable feature
of this invention. In order to overcome this difficulty, it is expedient that there
should be no transfer directly from the halfpenny wheel to the pence wheel, because
the difficulty above suggested is then sure to arise, and I therefore provide a
supplemental pence wheel to take up the direct transfer of each penny_from each
one sixth revolution of the halfpenny wheel, and having twelve teeth. In this way
it will be seen that the setting of the devices for the transfer is always made when
twelve pence or one shilling is to be transferred to the shilling wheel, and this
transfer, from one or both of the wheels can always be made in one operation, as
will be hereinafter more clearly described.
M' is the
I will now proceed to describe my transfer and adding mechanism.
supplemental pence disc above referred to. This supplemental wheel is mounted to
turn readily on the pin ql, fixed to the case and in such proximity to the halfpenny
disc G' that when the halfpenny disc has made a one sixth of a revolution, one of
the pins or lugs ll (see Fig. 17 Sheet 11) on that disc will strike the disc M' and
move it one tooth. Six lugs are provided on this disc so that the transfer will
be made when two halfpence are registered as shown; of course if the pinion to
this disc were provided with only six teeth, three lugs ll would be required and if
only two teeth were on the pinion, only one lug would be required. As I have
before stated, I prefer to provide the halfpenny disc with a pinion of twelve teeth
in order to give a fair sized radius but any even number of teeth can be given this
pinion as will be readily understood, and the number of lugs must be half the.
number of teeth in the pinion.
The shilling disc L also carries a pin or lug s", so that upon its complete
revolution, the 20 shillings may be transferred to the pounds disc N¹, and similarly
the counting discs O¹ P¹, representing the tens and hundreds of pounds, are arranged
to be moved one tooth upon the complete revolution of the disc of the next lower
denomination.
These counting discs could be added indefinitely to register up into the millions
of pounds; but I have shown no counters higher than the hundreds of pounds, so
that nine hundred and ninety nine pounds, nineteen shillings and eleven pence, and
one halfpenny is the highest total that this machine will indicate, plus eleven pence
on the supplemental pence wheel, for that amount is as large as would practically
be required in the ordinary use of such a machine before the counting discs wera..
reset to "0."

page_text: It will be understood that in reading off the total from the registry discs, it will
be necessary to add the number of pence shown on the supplemental wheel to the
total from the other discs in order to get the exact amount deposited in the machine,
as the supplemental wheel accumulates the pence from the halfpenny wheel.
Loosely pivoted to the pin (not shown) having a concealing head is a
bifurcated pawl carrying and transfer arm R. (Shown in detail Figs. 19 and 20
Sheet 13.) This arm R¹ is loosely pivoted to this pin, so as to be capable of a
rotation or vertical swinging movement on the pin as a centre and also capable of
a limited horizontal movement at its free ends, but it will be obvious that instead
of a loose pivotal point, the pivot could fit more snugly and the arm be hinged near
the pivot to allow for the out and in or horizontal motion at the free ends thereof.
The upper fork of this bifurcated arm carries two rack teeth u" (shown in Figs. 19
and 20) while the lower fork is provided with two slots for the reception of two
pawls, one behind the other and separated by a portion of the arm (shown in
dotted lines Fig. 17 Sheet 12). The front pawl Figs. 19 to 23 Sheet 13 is
pivoted in the front slot by pin yll and swings therein, limited in its forward motion
by the pin 2 and in its back motion by the inner edge of the slot. The back pawl 3
is pivoted in the back slot of this lower arm likewise on the pin y", which extends
through both forks of the lower arm, and is likewise limited in its swing by the
inner edge of the slot on one side and the pin 2, extending through both slots, on the
other. The back pawl 3 is shaped at its inner end to conform to the front pawl 10",
having an outwardly projecting shoulder or lug 4 to correspond to the similar lug 5 on
the front pawl ". Rigidly secured to the back of the pawl 3 is a pin 12 (shown
in dotted lines Fig. 17) extending back at right angles to the back face of the
pawl, and likewise a right angled arm 6 (shown in full lines Fig. 17 where the
balance of the pawl is in dotted lines, also shown in Fig. 20). which right angled
arm, when the pawl is swung back against the slot in which it is pivoted, rests with
its outer end against the frame of the machine at 7.
The front and back plates of the lower arm of the bifurcated arm R' are sprung
inward slightly so as to press with a slight spring pressure against both of these
pawls wand 3 so that in whichever direction the pawls are thrown they will remain
in that position until they are again acted upon. Pivoted to the front side of the
back pawl 3 is a third pawl 8, carrying a little lug 9, extending out at right angles
to its face. This pawl is normally held down by the spring 10 on the back pawl 3
in the position shown in Figs. 19 to 22 but is capable of being thrown up against
the pressure of this spring into the position shown in Fig. 23. Rigidly secured to the
upper fork of the bifurcated arm R' is an arm S', which arm extends back through
an opening in the side plate or frame Y' of the machine as shown in perspective in
dotted lines Fig. 17. The entire bifurcated arm R' is normally swung down by the
spring 13, so that this arm S' rests against the lower edge of the opening in the
framework of the machine, so that when the arm R¹ is raised it will be against
the pressure of spring 13, while the free ends of the bifurcated arm are normally
held
away from the side plate of the machine by the springs 14, 14. (See Figs. 4ª
and 17.)
Extending across the entire series of operating keys and resting thereon is a
bar T, pivoted on arms U¹ U¹ to the key lever shaft K. On the outer side of the
right hand arm U₁ of this bar T¹ is a lever V', Fig. 18 Sheet 12, pivoted on the
same shaft K and carrying a pin W', extending out in front of the arm U¹, so as to
be acted on thereby, the pin W₁ of the lever Vi being held firmly against the
arm U' by the spring 15. This lever V1 extends down along the inner side of the
side plate Y' of the machine and carries on its lower end a lug A", extending
inward from the side plate and having its lower face 16 bevelled, as shown in
Fig. 18. Immediately in front of this lug A and on the inner face of the lever V1
is pivoted a dog B₁, with two arms 17 and 18, while a spring 19, secured to the
dog B and bearing against the shaft K, holds the dog normally with its upper
arm 17 in contact with the lug 20 on the lever V¹.
Pivoted to the external face of the side plate Y¹ by the pin 21 is a hammer C",

page_text: the same being guided in its motion by the pin 22, secured to the side plate Y¹-and
working in the slot 23 of the hammer C". Extending inwardly through an opening
in the side plate, is an arm D¹, an extension of the hammer lever C¹. This
arm D carries on its inner end a.pin 24, which bears against the under surface of
the dog B¹ on the lever V. It will now be clear that whenever any one or more
of the key levers L of the machine are operated the power bar T¹ will be swung
forward and in turn transmit its motion to the lever V₁ through the medium of the
pin W. The dog B-will: strike the pin 24 of the hammer C" and be thrown
upward, allowing the lug 18 thereon to pass the pin 24. The spring 19 will then
return the dog to its.normal position and on the back stroke of the key the lever V
will be returned to its normal position by the action of the spring 15, and the dog B"
will catch the pin 24 of the hammer and throw the striking end 25 upward until
the pin 24 slides from under the dog, when the hammer will by its own weight drop
back to its normal position.
Thus with every operation of a key the hammer will be operated with a uniform
stroke, as described.
Let us now return to the transfer mechanism. Under the action of the
springs 13 and 14, the bifurcated pawl carrying and transfer arm R' will remain
normally in the position shown in Fig. 44 with the arm S' resting on the frame Y¹,
and the pawls wo", 3 and 8 swung to the left. In this position, with the free ends
of the bifurcated arm R¹ raised from the side casing Y¹, the rack teeth u¹ of the
upper fork thereof will be just out of line with the small pinion 27, Fig. 154 on
the shaft E¹ of the shilling counting disc L', which is located just without the case
plate Y. The lower inner end of the arm S' will in that position be resting
against the bevelled face 16 of the lug A" on the lever V, and the operation of
any key will bring this bevelled face 16 against the arm S' and draw the free ends
of the bifurcated arm R' inward until the rack teeth 11 are in the line with the
pinion 27. With the transfer pawls on the lower fork of the arm R' in their normal
position, the hammer C" will be free to operate without function; but let us
assume that the supplemental pence disc M¹ has just finished a revolution, that is
that the half pence disc has accumulated the amounts registered thereon on its
supplemental wheel until they amount to one shilling. A small pin (not shown)
on the under surface of the supplemental pence wheel then strikes the gravity
pawl 29 and brings the lug 30 on the end thereof against the front pawl wll on
the bifurcated arm, this gravity pawl being sustained in its normal position
by the pin (not lettered) bearing against the same. (See Fig. 17.) This
action throws the pawl wll to the right into the position shown in Fig. 21,
With the
with its right hand edge bearing against the frame of the slot.
front pawl in this position it will be struck by the hammer C" on its
upward stroke on the return of the operated key to place and the bifurcated
arm will be raised, bringing the upper cog of the teeth a" on the upper fork
thereof into mesh with the pinion 27 on the shillings wheel shaft and the same will
be moved one tooth, thus transferring the one shilling from the supplemental
pence wheel to the shilling wheel. Upon return of the key operated to place the
lever V will withdraw its lug A" from contact with the arms S, and the rack
teeth u will be thrown out of mesh with the pinion 27 under the action of the
springs 14 on the bifurcated arm, while at the same time the lug 31 on the upper
end of the pawl wl, which on the forward movement of the pawl w" has entered
the groove 32 in the pin 33, will be brought in contact with the head of this pin and
return the pawl to its normal position, there to remain until another transfer is to.
be made from the supplemental pence disc. Let us now assume that the regular
pence disc K¹ has completed a revolution and the one shilling is to be transferred.
to the shillings disc. On the under surface of that disc is a pin 34. Fig. 154.
similar to the pins on the disc M. Upon the completion of a revolution of the...
disc K', this pin 34 is brought into contact with the upper head 35 of the lever 36
Fig. 17, which is loosely pivoted on the halfpence shaft E and swings same to the.
right. The lower end of this lever 36. is in contact with the pin 12 on the back

page_text: pawl 3 of the bifurcated arm R', and its motion is therefore communicated to
pawl 3, and said pawl, and together with it the middle pawl 8, is thrown to the
right so as to rest against the frame of the fork. The hammer C₁ on its
upstroke will now come into contact with these two pawls. The middle pawl 8
being pivoted to pawl 3, will be thrown up out of the way into the position shown
in Fig. 23 and the hammer, being against the back pawl 3, which it will be noticed,
is exactly the same distance from the rack teeth of the bifurcated arm as the
front pawl was when it was thrown out, will raise said bifurcated arm the same
distance as in the former transfer and the shilling wheel will be turned one tooth.
Upon the return of the bifurcated arm R' to its normal position, as before described,
the right angled arm 6 on the back pawl will come in contact with the edge of the
case 7, Fig. 17, and the back pawl will thus be returned to its normal position
there to remain until another transfer is to be made from the regular pence disc.
Now let us assume that a simultaneous transfer from both the pence supplemental
disc M' and the pence regular disc K¹ becomes necessary. In that case the front
pawl w and the back and middle pawls 3 and 8 will be thrown out, as described
above, for each singly; but now the middle pawl 8 will not be thrown back, as
before on the upstroke of the hammer; but the pin 9 on the pawl 8 will catch
behind the lug 5 on the front pawl, thus locking them together, and the
hammer C, which, it will be understood, always has a uniform stroke, will
strike pawl 8 and raise the bifurcated arm R' sufficiently to move the shillings
disc L two teeth instead of one, both cogs of the part u meshing with the
pinion. In order to guard against a sudden blow of the hammer possibly giving
such momentum to the bifurcated arm us to rotate the pinion 27 more than
desired, I provide as a break the spring dog 36, pivoted to the case and
arranged so that its lower end will be struck by the shoulder 37 on the hammer
lever, so as to throw the upper end of the dog between the teeth of the pinion
just as the bifurcated arm has completed the transfer.
The above described transfer mechanism, it will be understood, is applicable to
any total adding machine, and is not to be limited to the particular class of
machines I have described, and forms a novel and very important part of this
invention.
I will now describe the recording and time mechanism of this register:
Hitherto it has been sought to arrange in connection with the key levers of
cash registers a series of puncturing pins or a series of type to record on paper
strips or tickets the exact amount of each sum deposited in the register; but in
those cash registers with which I am familiar, containing registering and indi-
cating mechanism and operated by keys, the puncturing points or type have been
arranged to be operated by each key separately, so that with the puncturing
points prepared paper has had to be used, extending entirely across all the keys,
or when type has been used it has only been applicable as a substitute for the
puncturing pins or to point on a ticket or check the amount of a single key only,
for it will be manifest that if type are employed, each acted upon only by its
corresponding key it will not be practically useful in machines which employ two or
three groups of keys to be operated simultaneously, for the type would in that case
be correspondingly separated, and it would be impossible to have the check or
ticket in two or three places at the same time to be printed.
In this machine however I have connected the type bar with the actuator for the
registering mechanism so that through the medium of a bar common to each series
of keys, I bring my type bar into play by the operation of the several keys,
each key in this way rotating the type bar different degrees to bring the type
denoting the value of the key into a position to be acted upon to stamp its value on
the recording paper; and, further, by this connection of the type bar to the
actuators I am enabled to bring together the type bars of the series of actuators,
so that I can print on a ticket or strip of paper in close proximity to each other,
the record of the keys of each group operated simultaneously. This forms another
novel and valuable feature of this invention, applicable as well to all machines
=

page_text: employing actuators for the registry mechanism common to a group of keys as to
the machine I have illustrated.
Affixed to one side arm B¹ of each actuator and extending downward between
the keys are the arms D" D" D", each of which carries on its lower end a type
bar 38 holding a series of 12 type for the pence, 20 for the shillings, and 2 for
the halfpenny and numbered accordingly, while the arms are so bent, as shown
in Fig. 3, as to bring the type bars in close proximity to each other, leaving
sufficient space to allow for the lateral shifting of the actuator as the segment
rack is thrown into and out of mesh. In the normal position of the actuator the
lowest type is the cypher, and the type are so spaced as to bring the other
type in succession to the lowest point as the various keys of the group are
successively operated. When three keys, one for each group, are operated
simultaneously, the type representing the numbers of the keys operated will be
presented together at the lowest point of the type bars. Extending across these
type from side to side and wound on suitable rolls 41 41, supported in
standards 42, is an ink ribbon 43, while at right angles thereto and immediately
underneath the same is the paper strip 45. This paper strip, in the form I have
shown it, is paid out from a dispensing roll E" and wound upon a receiving
roller or drum F. Supported on proper supports at the left of the type bars is
a clock movement G". I need not further describe this movement than to say
that I preferably use an ordinary eight day clock, in which the minute hand has
been removed and a cam wheel H" has been substituted for the minute hand, so
that this cam wheel will complete a revolution every hour. This wheel has two
cams at opposite sides in order to give a reciprocating movement at intervals of
half an hour to the pivoted pawl carrier K", the carrier being held by the
spring 48, with the pin 49 bearing against the cam wheel. This pawl carrier carries
the spring dog 46, which engages with the ratchet wheel L", and it will be
obvious from the construction shown that every half hour the ratchet wheel Lu
will be moved one tooth, a spring pawl 47 acting as a brake against any backward
movement of the ratchet wheel. Upon the ratchet wheel L in front thereof, is
secured the type carrying disc M", having extending from its outer surface a
series of twenty-four type, representing each half hour from 6 o'clock in the
morning till six o'clock at night. This clock movement with type disc is so located
with reference to the type bars of the actuators as to bring an hour type in close
proximity to and in a line with the lowest type of the type bars. Pivoted on a
standard N", secured to the bottom of the case is a stamping lever P", carrying
on one end a stamping plate O" of a length and width just sufficient to cover the
four type that are in line at the lowest point. A spring 50 limited in its action
by pins 59, underneath this stamping lever presses against same on both sides of
its pivotal point.
Rigidly secured to the power bar T₁ is a bar R", pivoted on the key shaft K
and extending down between the keys. This bar R" carries on its lower outer end
a spring dog S", which catches under the outer end of the stamping lever P" and,
upon the forward movement of the power bar T', upon the operation of any key, raises
and trips the stamping lever in the well known manner. Upon the tripping of the
stamping lever, the stamping plate O¹¹ is thrown up under the action of spring 50
against the paper, ink ribbon, and type, and thus prints upon the paper the time of
the day and the amount deposited. The action of the spring 50 is such as to hold
the stamping lever in equilibrium, with the stamping plate held slightly away
from the recording paper in its normal position; but when the lever is tripped the
stamping plate is thrown up, as described, the pins 59 acting to limit the vibration
of the spring and bring the lever at once to rest. Secured to the power bar T¹ in
the same manner as bar R" is another bar T", likewise extending down between
the operating keys and carrying on its lower end a spring pawl 51, which pawl
engages with the ratchet wheel U" on the drum of the paper receiving roll Fil, Bo
that with each operation of a key, the drum F will be turned a part of a revolution,
and thus a fresh portion of the paper will be exposed each time to the type, the

page_text: tripping of the stamping plate " not taking place until the key has reached the
limit of its stroke and the paper strip: has ceased to move under the action of
pawl 51.
I have here shown the means for recording the half hours of the business day on
the recording strip; but it is obvious that by increasing the number of cams on the
cam wheel and changing the type disc accordingly, the time record may be changed
every ten minutes or even less if desired. I have likewise arranged for the record
strip to be stored on a reel; but this method of disposing of the printed record is
by no means necessary, as it may be arranged to be delivered out of the register
and torn off or in other ways disposed of, and, furthermore, any convenient way of
supporting the ink ribbon may be used and means arranged to change the position
of the ribbon also after each record.
The addition of my time movement to the recording registering mechanism forms
another novel and valuable feature of this invention. It has become the custom in
the use of cash registers of this class to employ detectives to make purchases, in
order to determine whether the cash register is being honestly used, and large sums
of money are spent every year for this purpose, but with my improvement the
proprietor can be his own detective, as not only the amount but the time of each
sale are recorded, so that if the proprietor knows that a purchase of eight shillings
and ninepence is made, at say, nine o'clock in the morning, upon examining the
recording strip at the end of the day's sales he can ascertain positively whether the
proper amount was deposited in the register.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is.
1. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of keys of fixed
values and a registering wheel, of a pivoted operating bar extending across said keys
with which the latter engage when operated, the distance between said operating
bar and the different keys being practically the same, but the engagement surfaces
being arranged of different lengths, and mechanism to connect said bar and registering
wheel whereby the operation of any key causes its value to be registered on said
registering wheel substantially as shown and described.
2. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of keys of fixed
values and a registering wheel, of a pivoted operating bar extending horizontally
across said keys, with which the latter engage when operated, the distance between
said operating bar and the different keys being practically the same, but the engage-
ment surfaces being arranged of different lengths, and mechanism to connect said
bar and registering wheel, whereby the operation of any key causes its value to be
registered on said registering wheel, substantially as shown and described.
3. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of keys of fixed
values and a registering wheel, of a series of indicating tablets operated upon by
said keys to indicate the value of the key operated, and a pivoted operating bar
extending across said keys, with which the latter engage when operated, the distance
between said operating bar and the different keys being practically the same, but
the engagement surfaces being arranged of different lengths, and mechanism to
connect said bar and registering wheel, whereby the operation of any key causes
its value to be registered on said registering wheel substantially as shown and
described.
4. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of keys of fixed
values, and a registering wheel, of a series of indicating tablets operated upon by
said keys to indicate the value of the key operated, and a pivoted operating bar
extending horizontally across said keys, with which the latter engage when operated,
the distance between said actuating bar and the different keys being practically the
same, but the engagement surfaces being arranged of different lengths, and con-
necting mechanism between said bar and registering wheel, whereby the operation
of any key causes its value to be registered on the registering wheel substantially
as shown and described.

page_text: 5. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of keys of 'fixed
values and a registering wheel, of a pivoted operating bar extending horizontally
across said keys, a series of arms of substantially equal. heiglit but graded in: length,
one for each of said keys, and mechanism to connect said bar and registering wheel,
whereby the operation of any key causes its value to be registered on.said.registering
wheel, substantially as shown and described.
6. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of keys of fixed
values and a registering wheel, of an operating bar extending across said keys,-with
which the latter engage when operated, and a stop bar common to said keys and in
connection with said operating bar arranged to be brought into contact with the
keys at the end of the desired movement of said operating bar to stop said bar, the
said keys being so cut and formed as to allow further operation of the keys, and
mechanism to connect said operating bar and the registry wheel, whereby the
operation of any key causes its value to be registered on the registry wheel and
thereafter said operating bar to be positively stopped by the stop bar from further
movement during the subsequent operation of the key, substantially as shown and
described.
7. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of keys of fixed
values and a registering wheel, of an operating bar extending across said keys, with
which the latter engage when operated, the distance between said operating bar and
the different keys being practically the same, but the engagement surfaces being
arranged of different lengths, a stop bar common to said keys, and in connection.with
said operating bar, arranged to be brought into contact with the keys at the end of
the desired movement of said operating bar to stop said bar, the said keys being so
cut and formed as to allow further operation of the keys, and mechanism to connect
said operating bar and the registry wheel whereby the operation of any key causes
its value to be registered on the registry wheel and thereafter said operating bar to
be positively stopped by the stop bar from further movement during the subsequent
operation of the key, substantially as shown and described.
8. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of keys of
fixed values and a registering wheel, of an operating bar extending horizontally
across said keys, with which the latter engage when operated, the distance between
said operating bar and the different keys being practically the same, but the
engagement surfaces being arranged of different lengths, a stop bar common to said
keys and in connection with said operating bar, arranged to be brought into contact
with the keys, at the end of the desired movement of said operating bar to stop
said bar, the said keys being so cut and formed as to allow further operation of the
keys, and mechanism to connect said operating bar and the registering wheel,
whereby the operation of any key causes its value to be registered on the registry
wheel and thereafter said operating bar to be positively stopped by the stop bar
from further movement during the subsequent operation of the key, substantially as
shown and described.
9. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of keys of
fixed values and a registering wheel, of a series of indicating tablets operated upon
by said keys to indicate the value of the key operated, an operating bar extending
across said keys, with which the latter engage when operated, the distance between
said operating bar and the different keys being practically the same, the said keys
being so cut and formed as to allow further operation of the keys, but the engage-
ment surfaces being arranged of different lengths, a stop bar common.to said keys
and in connection with said operating bar, arranged to be brought into contact with
the keys at the end of the desired movement of said operating bar to stop said bar,
and mechanism to connect said operating bar and registering wheel, whereby the
operation of any key causes its value to be registered on the registry wheel, and
thereafter said operating bar to be positively. stopped by the stop bar from further
movement during the subsequent operation of the key, substantially as shown and
described.
10. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of keys of

page_text: fixed values and a registering wheel, of a series of indicating tablets operated upon
by said keys to indicate the value of the key operated, an operating bar extending
horizontally across said keys, with which the latter engage when operated, the
distance between said operating bar and the different keys being practically the
same, but the engagement surfaces being arranged of different lengths, a stop bar
common to said keys and, in connection with said operating bar arranged to be
brought into contact with the keys at the end of the desired movement of said
operating bar to stop said bar, the said keys being so cut and formed as to allow
further operation of the keys, and mechanism to connect said operating bar and
registering wheel, whereby the operation of any key causes its value to be registered
ou the registry wheel and thereafter said operating bar to be positively stopped by
the stop bar from further movement during the subsequent operation of the key
substantially as shown and described.
11. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of keys of
fixed values, and a registering wheel, of an operating bar extending horizontally
across the same, a series of arms of substantially equal height, but graded in length,
one for each of said keys, a stop bar common to said keys and, in connection with
said operating bar, arranged to be brought into contact with the keys at the end of
the desired movement of said operating bar to stop said bar, the said keys being so
cut and formed as to allow further operation of the keys, and mechanism to connect
said operating bar and registering wheel, whereby the operation of any key causes
its value to be registered on the registry wheel and thereafter said operating bar
to be positively stopped by the stop bar from further movement during the sub-
sequent operation of the key, substantially as shown and described.
12. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of keys of
fixed values and a registering wheel, of an actuator common to the series, provided
with an operating and a stop side, and mechanism to connect said actuator and the
registry wheel, so that the operation of a key causes its value to be registered on
the registry wheel and thereupon said actuator to be positively stopped from
further movement during the subsequent operation of the key, the said keys being
so cut and formed as to allow said further operation substantially as shown and
described.
13. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of keys of
fixed values and a registering wheel of an actuator common to the series, having a
horizontally disposed operating side and a stop side, and mechanism to connect said
actuator and the registering wheel, so that the operation of a key causes its value to
be registered on the registry wheel and thereupon said actuator to be positively
stopped from further movement during the subsequent operation of the key, the
said keys being so cut and formed as to allow said further operation, substantially as
shown and described.
14. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of keys of
fixed values and a registering wheel, of an actuator common to the series having a
horizontally disposed operating side and a horizontally disposed stop side, and
mechanism to connect said actuator and the registry wheel, so that the operation of
a key causes its value to be registered on the registry wheel and thereupon said
actuator to be positively stopped from further movement during the subsequent
operation of the key, the said keys being so cut and formed as to allow said further
operation substantially as shown and described.
15. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of keys of
fixed values, provided with a series of arms of substantially equal height but graded
in length, and a registering wheel, of an actuator having a horizontally disposed
operating and a horizontally disposed stop side arranged at an angle to each other,
and mechanism to connect said actuator and the registry wheel, so that the operation
of a key causes its value to be registered on the registry wheel, and thereupon said
actuator to be positively stopped from further movement during the subsequent
operation of the key, the said keys being so cut and formed as to allow said further
operation substantially as shown and described.

page_text: 16. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of keys of
fixed values provided with a series of arms of equal height but graded in length, an
series of indicating tablets operated upon by said keys to indicate the value of the.
key operated, and a registering wheel, of an actuator having a horizontally disposed
5 operating and a horizontally disposed stop side arranged at an angle to each other,
and mechanism connecting said actuator and the registering wheel, so that the
operation of a key causes its value to be registered on the registry wheel and there->
upon said actuator to be positively stopped from further movement during the
operation of the key, the said keys being so cut and formed as to allow said further
operation substantially as shown and described.
17. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating.
keys, of an actuator extending across said keys and having an operating bar to be-
engaged by the operated key, and also having a stop bar to be brought against the
key as the actuator is moved thereby, and thus to stop the movement of the.
actuator during the subsequent operation of the key, the said keys being so cut and
formed as to allow said further operation substantially as shown and described.
18. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating
keys and a registering wheel, of an actuator extending across said keys, pivoted to
suitable supports and movable laterally thereon, with mechanism to connect said
actuator with the registering wheel, and means for shifting said actuator laterally
upon the operation of a key, whereby the connecting mechanism is brought into
operation to register the value of the key, substantially as shown and described.
19. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating.
keys and a registering wheel, of an actuator extending across said keys, pivoted to
suitable supports and movable laterally thereon, with mechanism to connect gaid
actuator with the registering wheel, said actuator having an operating bar, and a
shifting bar to be engaged by the operating key, whereby the connecting mechanism
is brought into operation to register the value of the key, substantially as shown
and described.
20. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating.
keys, and a registering wheel, of an actuator extending across said keys, pivoted to
suitable supports and movable laterally thereon, with mechanism connecting said
actuator with the registering wheel said actuator having an operating bar to be.
engaged by the operated key, a stop bar to be brought against the key as the
actuator is moved thereby and thus to stop the movement of the actuator during
the subsequent operation of the key, and a shifting bar to be likewise engaged by
the operated key, whereby the connecting mechanism is brought into operation to
register the value of the key substantially as shown and described.
21. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of operating.
keys and a registering wheel, of an actuator extending across said keys, pivoted to
suitable supports and movable laterally thereon, mechanism to connect said
actuator with the registering wheel, said actuator having an operating bar and a.
shifting bar arranged on opposite sides of the axis thereof, and arms on the keys to
engage said bars, whereby the shifting of the actuator to bring the connecting:
mechanism into action cannot in any way effect a registration substantially as shown
and described.
22. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of keys of
fixed values having steps or graduated contact surfaces and a registering wheel,.
of an operating bar extending across said keys, and mechanism to connect same.
with said registry wheel, the contact surfaces between said operating bar and the
different keys being arranged and graded as described, so that commencing with.
the beginning of the stroke for each key, the operating bar will be rocked the
proper degree and thereafter the operating bar will be held up by the key during.
the subsequent operation thereof substantially as shown and described.
23. In a cash register and indicator the combination, with a series of keys of
fixed values, a registering wheel, an operating bar extending across said keys and.
mechanism to connect the two, of a series of steps on said keys graded longitudinally

page_text: and having their back edges cut in the arc of a circle, whereby the operating bar
may be rocked the proper degree to register the value of the key and thereafter
said bar be held up during the subsequent operation of the key, substantially
as shown and described.
24. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating
keys of two fixed receptacles for money, separated by the bank of operating keys,
sliding covers for said receptacles, and means whereby, upon the operation of a key,
both of said receptacles will be opened simultaneously substantially as shown and
described.
25. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating
keys, of two fixed receptacles for money, separated by the bank of operating
keys, sliding covers therefor, and arms supporting said covers, with spring or
equivalent means acting thereon, whereby said receptacles may be opened
simultaneously substantially as shown and described.
26. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of
operating keys of two fixed receptacles for money; sliding covers therefor, and
arms supporting said covers each attached to a separate rock shaft but in pivotal
connection with each other whereby the movement of one cover operates the other
substantially as shown and described.
27. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating
keys of two fixed receptacles for money, sliding covers therefor, connected arms
supporting said covers, with spring or equivalent means acting thereon, and latch
released by the operation of any key to allow said receptacles to be opened simul-
taneously substantially as shown and described.
28. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating
keys of two fixed receptacles for money, sliding covers therefor, arms supporting
said covers, each attached to a separate rock shaft but in pivotal connection with
each other, spring or equivalent means acting on said arms, and latch for said
covers released by the operation of any key to allow said receptacles to be opened
simultaneously substantially as shown and described.
29. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with two fixed receptacles
for money, one above the other, and sliding covers therefor, of arms supporting said
covers each attached to a separate rock shaft, said pairs of arms being of different
lengths, and means for connecting said arms, whereby a differential rate of speed is
obtained therein to allow said money receptacles to be opened simultaneously sub-
stantially as shown and described.
30. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating
keys, of two fixed receptacles for money, one above the other, sliding covers
therefor, arms supporting said covers, each attached to a separate rock shaft, said
pairs of arms being of different lengths, slot and pin connection between the same,
whereby a differential rate of speed is obtained, spring or equivalent means acting
on said arms, and latch for said covers released by the operation of any key to
allow said receptacles to be opened simultaneously substantially as shown and
described.
31. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of operating
keys, of a series of indicating tablets mounted on a common axis and lying
horizontally in alternate series to the front and rear of said axis and arranged to
be rotated in opposite directions into a vertical position to indicate the value of the
key operated, substantially as shown and described.
32. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating
keys, of a series of indicating tablets mounted on a common axis and lying
horizontally in alternate series to the front and rear of said axis arranged to be
rotated in opposite directions into a vertical position each tablet provided with an
arm, and a supporting bar, with connecting mechanism, whereby upon the operation
of any of the keys, the bar is moved to permit the passage of the tablet arm, and
means for returning the bar to engage the tablet arm and retain the tablet in a
vertical position substantially as shown and described.

page_text: 33. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of indicating
tablets mounted on a common axis to rotate alternately in opposite directions
into a vertical position, arins thereon, and a supporting bar to engage said arms
and retain the tablet in a vertical position, of springs or equivalent means to return
said tablets to their normal position upon the release of said bar substantially as
shown and described.
34. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of indicating
tablets mounted on a common axis to rotate alternately in opposite directions into
a vertical position, of a spring, connecting each pair of tablets to draw them
together on the supporting shaft substantially as shown and described.
35. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of vertically
reciprocating keys, of a shaft extending horizontally across the same, a series of
indicating tablets mounted thereon to lie horizontally in alternate series, to the
front and rear of said shaft, and a series of lifting arms one for each key, arranged
in two sets to co-operate with the two sets of tablets and rotate them in opposite
directions into a vertical position substantially as shown and described.
36. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of vertically
reciprocating keys, of a shaft extending horizontally across the same, a series of
indicating tablets mounted thereon to lie horizontally in alternate series to the
front and rear of said shaft, each tablet provided with an arm or lug, and a series
of lifting arms, one for each key, arranged in two sets to co-operate with the two
sets of tablets, and rotate them in opposite directions, and a supporting bar with
connected mechanism, whereby upon the operation of any of the keys the bar is
moved to permit the passage of the tablet arm and a spring or equivalent means for
returning the bar to engage the tablet arm and retain the tablet in a vertical position
substantially as shown and described.
37. In a cash register and 'indicator, the combination with a series of operating
keys, of a series of indicating tablets, each tablet provided with an arm or lug, a
supporting bar therefor, with a double acting spring or its equivalent to vibrate the
same, and bell hammer rigidly attached thereto, with connecting mechanism between
the bar and keys, whereby upon the operation of any of the keys the bar is moved
to permit the passage of the tablet arm, and tripped under the action of said spring
to simultaneously strike the gong and be returned to place to retain the operated
tablet in a vertical position, substantially as shown and described.
. 38. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of operating
keys, of a series of rotating hubs mounted on a common axis, and tablets rigidly
secured thereto alternately arranged on opposite sides of said axis, opposite bevelled
recesses in each pair of hubs, and a coiled spring encircling said shaft, with its
ends engaging said bevelled recesses to rotate the hubs and tablets in opposite
directions and simultaneously to draw each pair of hubs together substantially as
shown and described.
39. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating
keys of a series of indicating tablets mounted on a common axis and lying
horizontally in alternate series to the front and rear of said axis, arranged to be
rotated in opposite directions into a vertical position, each tablet provided with an
arm, and an oscillating frame consisting of an upper supporting bar and a lower
contact bar, spring bearing against said frame to vibrate the same, and lugs on the
keys to engage with said lower bar and trip the same, whereby upon the operation
of any key, the frame is shifted to permit the passage of the tablet arm and subse-
quently returned to catch and retain in a vertical position the tablet operated
substantially as shown and described.
40. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating
keys and a series of indicating tablets operated thereby, of a supporting bar to
engage the operated tablets and retain same in a vertical position, bell hammer
attached rigidly thereto and a double acting vibrating spring operating on said bar
to vibrate the same with means to limit the action of said spring whereby the signal
F

page_text: bell is struck simultaneously with the movement of said supporting bar substantially
as shown and described.
41. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating
keys, of a series of indicating tablets operated thereby, an oscillating frame
consisting of an upper supporting bar and a lower contact bar, vibrating spring
or equivalent means bearing against both bars of said frame, with pins or
their equivalents to limit the action thereof, bell hammer rigidly secured to
one side of said frame and lugs on the keys to engage with said lower bar
whereby upon the operation of any key the frame is shifted, so as to permit
the passage of a tablet and subsequently returned to catch and retain the tablet
operated and simultaneously strike the signal bell substantially as shown and
described.
42. In a cash register and indicator, the combination of a series of operating
keys, each provided with an arm carrying a rack rigidly secured to the keys, a
pawl bar extending across said keys provided with a series of teeth, each to engage
one of said racks said pawl bar being pivoted on suitable supports and movable
laterally thereon, and means whereby upon the completion of the stroke of the
operated key the pawl bar may be shifted laterally to be disengaged from said
racks and to allow the key to be reset, with spring or its equivalent for returning
said pawl bar to its normal position upon the resetting of the key substantially as
shown and described.
43. In a cash register and indicator, the combination of a series of operating
keys, each provided with an arm carrying a rack, a pawl bar extending across said
keys, provided with a series of teeth, each to engage one of said racks, said pawl
bar being pivoted on suitable supports and movable laterally thereon, bevelled
recesses on the rack arms, and projections on the pawl teeth, whereby upon the
completion of the stroke of the operated key the pawl bar may be shifted laterally
to be disengaged from said racks and to allow the key to be reset, with spring for
returning said pawl bar to its normal position upon the resetting of the key
substantially as shown and described.
44. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of operating
keys arranged in groups with mechanism to prevent the simultaneous operation of
two or more keys of the same group, and a registering wheel for each group, with
means for actuating the same different degrees to register the values of the operated
keys of each group, each key to be constructed so that the registration shall
commence at the beginning of the stroke for all keys alike, of a key coupler and
a key arrester common to the keys of all the groups co-operating with each other,
whereby the force required to operate the keys is the same for each key alike and
therefore the keys of the different groups may be operated initially in succession,
substantially as shown and described.
45. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of operating
keys arranged in groups, with mechanism to prevent the simultaneous operation of
two or more keys of the same group, and a registering wheel for each group, with
means for actuating the same different degrees to register the values of the
operated keys of each group, each key to be constructed so that the registration
shall commence at the beginning of the stroke for all keys alike, of a key coupler
consisting of a bar common to all the keys and slots in the keys to receive same,
and a key arrester co-operating therewith, whereby the force required to operate
the keys is the same for each key alike, and therefore the keys of the
different groups may be operated initially in succession substantially as shown
and described.
46. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of operating
keys arranged in groups and a registering wheel for each group, with means for
actuating the same different degrees to register the different values of the keys of
each group, each key to be constructed so that the registration shall commence at
the beginning of the stroke for all keys alike, of. a key coupler consisting of a

page_text: pivoted bar common to all the keys, and slots in the keys to receive same and a key
arrester consisting of a series of pawl bars common to the keys of each group and
rack teeth on the keys to receive same, said key coupler and key arrester co-operating
with each other whereby the force required to operate the keys is the same for each
key alike and therefore the keys of the different groups may be operated initially in
succession substantially as shown and described.
47. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of operating
keys, of a series of parts mounted in connection with each other, each part pivotally
connected with a corresponding key, said parts arranged so as to permit the operation
of one key at a time and to prevent the operation of two or more keys of the series
simultaneously, substantially as shown and described.
48. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating
keys, of a series of hubs mounted in connection with each other, each hub pivotally
connected with a corresponding key, said hubs being arranged so as to permit the
operation of one hub at a time, and therewith its corresponding key, but to prevent
the operation of two or more nubs and their corresponding keys of the series
simultaneously substantially as shown and described.
49. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of operating
keys, of a series of interlocking hubs, loosely mounted upon a common shaft, each
hub pivotally connected with a corresponding key, said hubs being arranged so as
to permit the operation of one hub at a time and therewith its corresponding key,
but to interlock with each other to prevent the operation of two or more hubs and
their corresponding keys of the series simultaneously, substantially as shown and
described.
50. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of operating
keys, of a series of interlocking hubs loosely mounted upon a common shaft and
movable longitudinally thereon, each hub pivotally connected with its corresponding
key, said hubs having corresponding recesses and projections, so as to interlock
with each other, but arranged to permit the operation of one hub at a time and
therewith its corresponding key, but to interlock with each other to prevent the
operation of two or more hubs and their corresponding keys of the series simul-
taneously substantially as shown and described.
51. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of operating
keys, of a series of hubs loosely mounted upon a common shaft, said hubs being
pivotally connected to their corresponding keys alternately on opposite sides of said
common shaft and arranged so as to permit the operation of one hub at a time and
therewith its corresponding key, but to prevent the operation of two or more hubs
and their corresponding keys of the series simultaneously, substantially as shown and
described.
52. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating
keys, of a series of interlocking hubs loosely mounted upon a common shaft and
movable longitudinally thereon, said hubs being pivotally connected to their
corresponding keys alternately on opposite sides of said common shaft, and having
corresponding recesses and projections, so as to interlock with each other, but
arranged so as to permit the operation of one hub at a time and therewith its
corresponding key but to interlock with each other to prevent the operation of two
or more hubs and their corresponding keys of the series simultaneously substantially
as shown and described.
53. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating
keys, of a series of interlocking hubs loosely mounted upon a common shaft and
movable longitudinally thereon, arms and pins on said keys, and slotted arms on
said hubs, so as to form a pivotal connection between each hub and its corresponding
key, said pivotal points being arranged alternately on opposite sides of said common
shaft, said hubs having corresponding recesses and projections, so as to interlock
with each other, but arranged so as to permit the operation of one hub at a time
and therewith its corresponding key, but to interlock with each other to prevent

page_text: the operation of two or more hubs and their corresponding keys of the series
simultaneously substantially as shown and described.
54. In a cash register and indicator the combination, with a series of operating
keys, of a series of interlocking hubs loosely mounted upon a common shaft and
movable longitudinally thereon, each hub pivotally connected with a corresponding
key, said hubs being arranged to be displaced longitudinally upon the operation of
a single key, to permit its operation and therewith its corresponding key, but
interlocking two or more hubs and their corresponding keys when two or more
keys are attempted to be moved simultaneously, substantially as shown and
described.
55. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a registering wheel
and a series of keys for operating said wheel, of a series of interlocking hubs loosely
mounted on a common shaft, each hub pivotally connected with its corresponding
key, said hubs being arranged so as to permit the operation of one hub at a time
and therewith its corresponding key, but to interlock with each other to prevent
the operation of two or more hubs and their corresponding keys of the series
simultaneously substantially as shown and described.
56. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a registering wheel
and a series of keys for operating said wheel, of a series of interlocking hubs
loosely mounted upon a common shaft and movable longitudinally thereon, each:
hub pivotally connected with its corresponding key, said hubs having corresponding
recesses and projections so as to interlock with each other, but arranged to permit
the operation of one hub at a time and therewith its corresponding key, but to
interlock with each other to prevent the operation of two or more hubs and their
corresponding keys of the series simultaneously, substantially as shown and
described.
57. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a registering wheel
and a series of keys for operating said wheel, of a series of hubs loosely mounted
upon a common shaft, said hubs being pivotally connected to their corresponding
keys alternately on opposite sides of said common shaft and arranged so as to:
permit the operation of one hub at a time and therewith its corresponding key but
to prevent the operation of two or more hubs and their corresponding keys of the
series simultaneously substantially as shown and described.
58. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a registering wheel
and a series of keys for operating said wheel, of a series of interlocking hubs
loosely mounted upon a common shaft and movable longitudinally thereon, said
hubs being pivotally connected to their corresponding keys, alternately on opposite
sides of said common shaft and having corresponding recesses and projections so as
to interlock with each other, but arranged to be displaced upon the operation of a
single key to permit such operation and therewith its corresponding key, but inter-
locking two or more hubs and their corresponding keys of the series when two or
more keys of the series are attempted to be moved simultaneously substantially as
shown and described.
59. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of registering
wheels and a series of groups of keys for operating said wheels, one group of keys
for each wheel, of a series of sets of interlocking hubs loosely mounted upon a
shaft, each hub pivotally connected with a corresponding key, said hubs being
arranged so as to interlock with each other and prevent the operation of two or
more keys of a group simultaneously, but to permit the simultaneous operation of
two or more keys of different groups, substantially as shown and described.
60. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of registering
wheels and a series of groups of keys for operating said wheels, one group of keys
for each wheel, of a series of sets of interlocking hubs loosely mounted upon a
common shaft and movable longitudinally thereon, said hubs being pivotally con-
nected to their corresponding keys alternately on opposite sides of said common t
shaft and having corresponding recesses and projections, so as to interlock with

page_text: each other and prevent the operation of two or more keys of a group simultaneously,
but to permit the simultaneous operation of two or more keys of different groups
substantially as shown and described.
61. In a cash register and recorder, the combination, with a series of keys of
fixed values having steps or graduated contact surfaces and an actuator for the
registering mechanism, actuated to different degrees by the contact surfaces of
the various keys to register the values thereof, of a type bar carrying a series
of type rigidly secured to said actuator, and a recording paper to receive an
imprint therefrom, whereby the movement of the actuator to register the value
of the key automatically presents the proper type to record its value on the
recording paper, substantially as shown and described.
62. In a cash register and recorder, the combination with a series of groups of
keys of fixed values having steps or graduated contact surfaces, and a series of
actuators for the registry mechanism independent of each other, actuated* to
different degrees by the contact surface of the various keys of the several groups
to register the values thereof, and a recording paper, of a series of type bars
in close proximity but independent of each other, one for each actuator, and
carrying a series of type and rigidly secured to said actuators, whereby the
movement of the actuators to register the value of the keys, operates the type
bars to prevent simultaneously the type denoting the value of the keys operated
to the recording paper to be imprinted thereon, substantially as shown and
described.
63. In a cash register and recorder, the combination, with a series of keys of fixed
values, and an actuator for the registering mechanism, actuated to different degrees
by the various keys to register the values thereof, of two independent type carriers
and series of type thereon, a clock automatically moving one of the type carriers to
record the time and the other rigidly secured to said actuator, and a recording
paper to receive an imprint from both sets of type, whereby the movement of the
actuator to register the value of the key and the movement of the clock, auto-
matically present the proper type to record the value of the key and the time of
the operation, substantially as shown and described.
64. In a cash register and recorder, the combination, with a series of groups of
keys of fixed values and a series of actuators for the registry mechanism, independent
of each other, actuated to different degrees by the various keys of the several
groups to register the value thereof, of a series of type bars, in close proximity but
independent of each other one for each actuator, and secured rigidly thereto, a type
carrying wheel and a clock automatically moving the same to record the time, and
a recording paper to receive an imprint from all the sets of type, and thus to
simultaneously record the values of the keys of the different groups when they are
operated simultaneously, and the time of their operation substantially as shown and
described.
65. In a cash register and recorder, the combination, with a series of keys and
an actuator for the registering mechanism, of a type bar carrying a series of type,
operated by said actuator to present upon the operation of a key the type denoting
the value of said key, a pivoted stamping lever and plate, tripping mechanism and
bar common to all the keys for actuating the same, and a recording paper with
inking ribbon extending across said type whereby upon the operation of any key,
said stamping lever and plate are tripped against said type to record the value
thereof on the recording paper substantially as shown and.described.
66. In a cash register and recorder, the combination with a series of groups of
keys of fixed values and a series of actuators for the registry mechanism independent
of each other, of a series of type bars, one for each actuator, in close proximity but
independent of each other and each carrying a series of type operated by said
actuators to present simultaneously the type denoting the values of the keys of each
group operated, a pivoted stamping lever and plate, tripping mechanism and bar
common to all the keys for actuating the same and a recording paper with inking
ribbon extending across all of said type whereby upon the simultaneous operation

page_text: of keys of the different groups said stamping lever and plate are tripped against all
of said type to record the total value of said keys on the recording paper sub-
stantially as shown and described.
67. In a cash register and recorder, the combination, with a series of keys of
fixed values and an actuator for the registering mechanism, actuated to the different 5
degrees by the various keys to register the values thereof, of two independent type
carriers, and series of type thereon, a clock automatically moving one of the type
carriers to record the time, and said actuator operating the other to present the
type denoting the value of the key, a pivoted stamping lever and plate, tripping
mechanism and bar common to all the keys for actuating the same, and a recording
paper with inking ribbon extending across both of said type, whereby upon the
operation of any key said stamping lever and plate are tripped against both said
type to record the value of said key and the time of its operation substantially as
shown and described.
68. In a cash register and recorder, the combination, with a series of groups of 1
keys of fixed values and a series of actuators for the registering mechanism
independent of each other, actuated to different degrees by the various keys of the
several groups to register the values thereof, of a series of type bars, in close
proximity but independent of each other, one for each actuator, and each carrying
a series of type operated by said actuators to present simultaneously the type 2
denoting the value of the keys, a type carrying wheel, and a clock automatically
moving the same to record the time, a pivoted stamping lever and plate, tripping
mechanism and bar common to the keys of all the groups for actuating the same,
and a recording paper with inking ribbon extending across all of said type,
whereby upon the simultaneous operation of keys of the different groups, said
stamping lever and plate are tripped against all of said type to record the total
value of said keys and the time of their operation substantially as shown and
described.
69. In a cash register and recorder, the combination, with two independent type
carriers, a clock automatically moving one, an actuator for the registry mechanism 3
rigidly secured to and moving the other, a recording strip of paper extending across
the type wound on a receiving roll with driving mechanism therefor, and a pivoted
stamping lever and plate for printing the same, and tripping mechanism therefor,
of a pivoted bar extending across all the keys to be actuated thereby and con-
necting arms between said bar, the driving mechanism of the roll of paper and the 3
tripping mechanism of the stamping lever whereby the operation of the key sets
the proper type for the record and in succession presents fresh recording paper and
trips the stamping mechanism to print the same substantially as shown and
described.
70. In a cash register and recorder, the combination, with a series of operating 4
keys, and a series of type actuated thereby to present the proper type for record,
with a recording paper and inking ribbon, of a pivoted stamping lever with stamping
plate, and a spring or equivalent means acting on the opposite sides of the pivotal
pawl of said stamping lever, with pins or their equivalent to limit the action of said
lever and tripping mechanism therefor, whereby said lever is normally held away' 4
from said paper and inking ribbon but upon the tripping thereof throws the paper
and ribbon against said type to receive an imprint therefrom substantially as shown
and described.
71. In a cash register of the class described, the combination with a series of
three groups of keys representing denominations of successively higher grades, arid 5
a series of registry wheels corresponding thereto and operated thereby, of means
for accumulating the amounts registered on the wheel of the lowest denomination,
and transfer mechanism in connection therewith, whereby the transfer may be made
directly from the accumulations of the wheel of the lowest denomination to the wheel
of highest denomination, substantially as shown and described.
2:6
72. In a cash register of the class described, the combination, with a series of
three groups of keys representing dénominations of successively higher grades¯and

page_text: a series of registry wheels corresponding thereto and operated thereby, of a.
supplemental registering wheel similar to the wheel of the second denomination to
receive the accumulations of the wheel of lowest denomination, and transfer
mechanism to transfer amounts from said supplemental wheel directly to the wheel
of highest denomination substantially as shown and described.
73. In a cash register of the class described, the combination with a series of
three groups of keys representing denominations of successively higher grades and
a series of registry wheels corresponding thereto and operated thereby, of separate
transfer pawls for the wheels of lower denomination set for the transfer by said
wheels independently, means to connect same with the registering wheel of highest-
denomination, and mechanism for completing the transfer upon the subsequent
operation of the keys, substantially as shown and described.
74. In a cash register of the class described, the combination with a series of
three groups of keys representing denominations of successively higher grades,.
and a series of registering wheels corresponding. thereto and operated thereby, of
a supplemental registering wheel similar to the wheel of the second denomination,
to receive the accumulation of the wheel of lowest denomination, separate transfer
pawls for the supplemental wheel and the wheel of middle denomination set for the
transfer by said wheels independently, means to connect same with the registering
wheel of the highest denomination, and mechanism for completing the transfer
upon the subsequent operation of the keys substantially as shown and described.
75. The combination, in a total adding machine, with a series of groups of keys
and primary halfpenny, penny and shilling-registering wheels, with a supplemental
pence wheel to receive the transfer of halfpence from the halfpenny wheel, a trans-
ferring lever or bar, and means whereby same is uniformly operated by the action
of the keys, of two transfer pawls set by the pence primary and supplemental
wheels, and mechanism connecting same with the primary shillings wheel, whereby
said transferring lever, acting on said pawls, completes the transfer from either of
said pence wheels, substantially as shown and described.
76. The combination, in a total adding machine, with a series of groups of keys.
and primary halfpenny, pence and shillings registering wheels, with a supplemental
pence wheel, to receive the transfers of halfpence from the halfpenny wheel, a
transferring lever or bar, and means whereby same is uniformly operated by the
action of the keys, of two transfer pawls set by the pence primary and supple-
mental wheels, with additional pawl hinged to one of said pawls, and means for
locking same to the other pawl when both. pawls are set simultaneously, together
with mechanism to connect.said transfer pawls to the shillings wheel, whereby suid!
transferring lever, when both said pawls are set simultaneously, acting thereon,.
completes the transfer from both said registering wheels in one operation substan-
tially as shown and described.
77. The combination in a total adding machine, with a series of primary
registering wheels, representing halfpence, pence and shillings, and a supplemental
pence wheel to receive the halfpence transferred from the halfpence wheel, of a
pivoted bifurcated pawl carrying and transfer arm, two separate transfer pawls
pivoted in the one fork thereof, one acted on by the primary pence wheel, the other
by the supplemental pence wheel to set the same for transfer, means attached to
said other fork for actuating the shilling registering wheel and a transferring lever
to strike said transfer pawls when set and thus to complete the transfer substantially
as shown and described.
78. The combination in a total adding machine, with a series of primary regis-
tering wheels, representing halfpence, pence and shillings, and a supplemental
pence wheel to receive the halfpence transferred from the halfpenny wheel, of a
pivoted bifurcated pawl carrying and transfer arm, means for actuating the shilling
registry wheel attached to one fork of said arm, two independent transfer pawls
pivoted in the other fork, one acted on by the primary pence wheel and the other
by the supplemental pence wheel to set the same for transfer, an intermediary
pawl pivoted to one of said transfer pawls with pin to lock same to the

page_text: other pawl when both are set simultaneously and transferring lever to strike
said pawls thus locked and complete a double transfer substantially as shown and
described.
79. The combination in a total adding machine with a series of primary
registering wheels representing halfpence, pence and shillings and a supplemental
pence wheel to receive the halfpence transferred from the halfpenny wheel of a
loosely pivoted bifurcated pawl carrying and transfer arm, rack attached to one
fork thereof, pinion on the shillings registering wheel to be engaged thereby, with
two transfer pawls pivoted to the other fork, one acted on by the pence primary
wheel, the other by the pence supplemental wheel to set same for transfer, and
means for automatically shifting said bifurcated arm inwardly to bring said rack-
and pinion in line during the operation thereof, with springs or their equivalents,
to return same to place and thus to release the shillings wheel substantially as
shown and described.
80. In a cash register and indicator, the combination, with a series of operating
keys of a pivoted bar extending across said keys and resting thereon, with lever
for the transferring mechanism connected to said pivoted bar, spring bearing against
the same, and transfer hammer acted on by said lever whereby the operation of
any of the keys places said spring under tension to cause said lever to raise said
hammer upon the return stroke of the operated key substantially as shown and
described.
81. The combination in the transfer mechanism of a total adding machine, of, a
loosely pivoted pawl carrier, spring acting thereon, two independent transfer pawls
pivoted thereto, an arm attached to said pawl carrier with transferring lever for
the transfer mechanism in connection therewith and lugs or projections on the
casing, whereby on the operation of said transferring lever, said pawl carrier is
shifted inwardly and upon the release thereof said pawls when set for transfer are
brought into contact with said projections of the case to be returned to place
substantially as shown and described.
82. In a cash register and indicator, the combination with a series of keys of
fixed values, a registering wheel, and actuator having an operating bar and a stop
bar of a series of steps on said keys graded longitudinally and having their back
edges cut in the arc of a circle, whereby the operating bar may be rocked the
proper degree to register the value of the key and thereafter said bar be held up
thereby and simultaneously said stop bar be brought into contact with said key to
prevent farther movement of the actuator in either direction during the subsequent
operation of the key, substantially as shown and described.
Dand thin 104 000
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicant.