IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Smith, of the City of Manchester, Machinist,
and John Holt, of Farnworth, near Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of
Lancaster, Spinner, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 12th April 1861, and dated the 22nd October 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Smith and John
Holt at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 22nd October 1860.
We, JOHN SMITH, of the City of Manchester, Machinist, and JOHN HOLT, of
Farnworth, near Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, Spinner, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MA-
CHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in an improved mode of supporting and giving
motion to the bobbins or spools on to which the rovings or yarn is wound
after having passed between the drawing rollers. Instead of placing the
bobbins or spools on vertical spindles, as now customary, we support them on
horizontal spindles placed within a quadrilateral or other shaped flyer,through
which the roving or yarn is guided. The spindle is made to rotate on its axis
by means of suitable gearing connected to one of the trunnions of the flyer;
[Price 8d.]

page_text: the roving or yarn is guided on to the bobbin or spool by a guide, which varies
the traverse when required, so as to form taper ends. By means of these
improvements any required amount of twist can be put into the roving or yaru
that is wound on the bobbin or spool.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Smith and John Holt in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd April 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
SMITH, of the City of Manchester, Machinist, and JOHN HOLT, of Farnworth,
near Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said John Smith and John Holt, Her special licence that we, the said John
Smith and John Holt, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said John Smith and John Holt, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," 'upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said John Smith and John Holt, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of our or their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Smith and John Holt,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement (that is to say):-
Ou Invention consists in an improved mode of supporting and giving motion
to the bobbins or spools on to which the roving or yarn is wound after having

page_text: passed between the drawing rollers. Instead of placing the bobbins or spools
on vertical spindles, as now customary, we support them on horizontal rollers
or spindles placed within a quadrilateral or other shaped flyer, through which
the roving or yarn is guided. The roller or spindle is made to rotate on its
axis by means of suitable gearing connected to one of the trunnions of the
flyer; the roving or yarn is guided on to the bobbin or spoel by a guide, which
varies the traverse when required, so as to form taper ends. By means of these
improvements any required amount of twist can be put into the roving or yara
that is wound on the bobbin or spool.
And in order that our said Invention may be fully understood, we will pro-
ceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being had to
the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. is an end elevation of a machine for drawing and winding rovings on
to bobbins or spools, to which our improvements are applied; Fig. 2 is a front
elevation; and Fig. 3, a plan of part of the same.
a, a,are the spools or bobbins of slubbings or rovings with which the machine
is supplied, and,ó, are two sets of drawing rollers; these parts are made in the
usual manner. In front of each set of drawing rollers are placed the frames
c, c, which are secured to beams d, d, or in any other convenient manner; in
these frames are the bearings for the trunnions e, el, of the horizontal quadri-
lateral flyers ff, which are placed alternately in two rows, as shewn best in
Fig. 2; by this arrangement the length of roving between the bite of the
rollers baud the orifice in the trunnion e is always the same; consequently a
uniform number of twists is put in both rows of spindles, thereby avoiding the
irregularity which takes place in the present mode of placing the spindles in
slubbing and roving frames; to the trunnions e, e¹, are suspended the fram-
ings gwhich support the plate h; to this plate are fixed the standards for the
friction roller and for the axle o the bobbin or spool k, on to which the
roving or yarn is wound; the roving passes through the presser 1, which is
jointed to a fulcrum stud, mounted in supports, fixed to the rack m; to the
presser I is fixed the lever 1, which is guided by the rail n; the presser is
traversed to and fro along the spool to distribute the roving evenly over its
surface by the rack m; this rack and the roller j are put in motion by the
following gearing:-Theshafts o, whichextend the whole lengthofthe machine,
are supported in bearings attached to the frames c, one shaft being placed near
each row of flyers; to these shafts are fixed the skew wheels o' gearing into
the pinions p, which are fixed to the trunnion e of each flyer f. The skew
wheel o' and pinion p are boxed up by a tin or other cover, leaving the end of
the trunnion to project; to the inner boss of each flyer is fixed the bevil

page_text: pinion q, which gears into a similar pinion on the shaft r, revolving in bearings
attached to the standards i; to one end of the shaft is fixed the pinion,
gearing into the pinion j¹, fixed to the axle of the roller j, and near the
other end of the same shaft r is fixed the pinion 2, gearing into the pinion s,
which with the pinions s¹ and s² are fixed on a short shaft passing through the
swivel bush 3; the pinion 2 is connected to the shaft by a set screw,and it is
brought into gear with either of the pinions s, s¹, or s², as may be required, in
order to be able to change the speed of the traverse of the presser l, according to
the fineness of the roving that is being wound on to the spool k. To the same
shaft as the pinions s, s¹, and s², is also fixed the pinion s4, gearing into the
pinion t, fixed to the shaft t', which revolves in bearings attached to the under
side of the plate h. Upon this shaft are mounted the two bevel pinions and
t3; these pinions are connected to the shaft t¹ by a key and groove, so that
they may be moved to and fro upon it and turn round with it; the pinions t
and 3 gear alternately with the pinion u, fixed on the shaft u, to which is also
fixed the spur pinion u², gearing into the pinions w and w¹, by which the
rack m is traversed to and fro. The pinions t and t³ are thrown in and out of
gear by the tumbler lever a, which is mounted on a stud fixed to a projection
of the plate h; this lever has a slot in which a pin projecting from the guide
rail n enters; the tumbler lever is connected to the pinions t and t3 by the
lever a¹, which is hinged to a stud in the plate h, and one end takes in a groove
in the boss of the said pinions, while the other end is acted upon by the stud
in the rail n. The sliver, after passing through the trunnione, is taken through
the hollow arms forming one half of the flyer, then through the trunnion el,
and from thence under the curved guide y to the presser l; the object of the
curve in the guide y is to compensate at the centre of the spool for the extra
length of the roving when the presser is near the ends thereof.
When the machinery is in operation the flyerf revolves on its trunnions,
while the plate h and all the parts attached to it, remain in the horizontal
position shewn in Figs. 1 and 2; the requisite twist is put in the rovings by
the flyers, each revolution of which gives two twists, and the amount of twist
can be varied by increasing or diminishing the speed of the drawing rollers
the rovings are drawn through the flyers by the revolution of the rollersj, which
can be varied, if requisite, by changing the pinions and j.
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In Fig. 2, the presser lis supposed to be about at the centre of the spool,
and the bevel pinion 3 is in gear with the pinion as soon as the presser
arrives at or near the end of its traverse, the rack m, acting on the tumbler
lever. causes it to fall over in the opposite direction, thereby moving the lever
x, and with it the pinions 2 and 3, until the former comes in gear with the
وثله

page_text: pinion and thus reverses the direction of rotation of the pinions u¹, w, and
wl; the rack m then moves back towards the opposite side of the plateh,and the
presserdistributes another layer of rovings over those previously wound on the
spool. In some cases a spring at the under side of the plate h may be sub-
stituted for the tumbler lever a. In order to make the taper ends of the
bobbin the rail n is made with diagonal ends; these ends come gradually
carlier into contact with the lever, as the layers accumulate on the spool />
and gradually raise the presser 1, thereby reversing the motion of the rack m,
in proportion to the taper of the rail n.
By means of these improvements, the flyers can be made to revolve at any
speed without vibration, as they are completely balanced, and the full bobbins
can be doffed and emptyspools put in their places without removing the flyers,
as now customary. The height of the machine is also greatly reduced, so as
to be easily tented by young persons.
When these improvements are applied to a slubbing frame the bobbins and
flyers at one side of the machine are dispensed with to make room for the cans
containing the slivers, which are then taken through two sets of drawing rollers
and wound on the spools k, as above described, thereby dispensing with one
preparation.
We wish to observe that our Invention is also applicable to spinning
machines for winding the yarn on to bobbins or spindles, the shape of the
bobbin or cop produced depending upon the shape of the guide for thepresser
and the parts acting in combination therewith.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, we declare that we claim the applicationand use of a
quadrilateral or other shapedflyer revolving roundastationary frame support-
ing the winding-on roller and the parts for guiding the sliver or yarn to the
bobbin or spool, as herein-before described and shewn in the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Smith, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twentieth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
JOHN SMITH. (L.S.)