IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE SPINNING OF FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Marsh and James Alvin Marsh, both of Ashton-
under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE SPINNING OF FIBROUS MATERIALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Marsh and James
Alvin Marsh at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th March
1880.
JAMES MARSH and JAMES ALVIN MARSH, both of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the
County of Lancaster. IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE SPINNING
"
OF FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Our Invention relates to the spindles of spinning machines, and to the method of
and means for mounting and lubricating the same. In the first place we supply
lubricant by means of a removable reservoir, which is applied to the lower part of
the bolster which extends below the rail. The said reservoir is bored to fit the
exterior of the bolster, and is held in position by means of a spring catch, or of a
screw, or screw-thread, or of a bayonet joint, or by other suitable means. The
spindle may revolve upon a part projecting above the bottom of the reservoir, or in
a footstep prepared in the bolster, in which latter case the lubricant has access
through a spiral cut or other shaped opening in the bolster. We do not confine
ourselves to the fitting of the reservoir upon the bolster. In some cases one
reservoir may serve to supply lubricant to the bearings of two or more spindles.
In the second place we form or provide the bolster with top and bottom bearings,
one bearing being cut with a right-hand spiral groove, and the other with a left
hand groove, so that the lower groove tends to cause the oil to rise within an
annular space in the bolster, and the upper groove tends to prevent the oil from
overflowing. We prefer to bush the two ends of the bolster with German-silver or
other suitable metal tubes, which are cut through spirally, an annular space to
contain lubricant being left between the two bushes. In the third place we
suspend the bolster by means of a suitably shaped collar; as for example, by means
of a collar which has a globular shaped lower surface, which rests in or upon the
correspondingly shaped margin of a hole formed in the rail, or in a part attached
thereto, and we weight the lower end of the bolster which extends below the rail.
The bolster is free to turn in its seating, and to be moved in any direction from the
vertical, but tends to return to the vertical position when released. The lubricant
reservoir hereinbefore mentioned may serve to weight the lower end of the
bolster..

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Marsh and James Alvin Marsh in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 17th September 1880.
JAMES MARSH and JAMES ALVIN MARSH, both of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the
County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE SPINNING
OF FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Our Invention relates to the spindles of spinning machines, and to the method of
and means for mounting and lubricating the same. In the first place we supply
lubricant by means of a removable reservoir, which is applied to the lower part of
the bolster which extends below the rail. The said reservoir is bored to fit the
exterior of the bolster, and is held in position by means of a spring catch, or of a
screw, or screw-thread, or by a bayonet joint, or by other suitable means. In the
second place we form or provide the bolster with top and bottom bearings, one
bearing being cut with a right-hand spiral groove, and the other with a left-hand
groove, so that the lower groove tends to cause the oil to rise within an annular
space in the bolster, and the upper groove tends to check or prevent the overflowing
of the oil. We prefer to bush the end or ends of the bolster with German-silver or
other suitable metal tube or tubes, which are cut through spirally, an annular space
to contain lubricant being left between the two bushes. In the third place we
suspend the bolster by means of a suitably shaped collar; as, for example, by means
of a collar which has a rounded or globular shaped lower surface, which rests in or
upon the corresponding shaped margin of a hole formed in the rail, or in a part
attached thereto. The lubricant reservoir hereinbefore mentioned may serve to
weight the lower end of the bolster.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood, we have attached
hereunto a Sheet of Drawings to which we will now refer. Fig. 1 represents a
spindle mounted in accordance with our Invention, all the parts, with the exception
of the spindle, being represented in section. In the said Fig. a is the spindle,
b is the bolster, and c the oil reservoir. The lower end of the said bolster projects
downwards through a hole in the rail, represented by d, and is secured thereto by
means of a nut b¹. The reservoir is bored out to fit upon the bolster end, which in
the example is turned to two diameters, the extreme end entering a recess in the
bottom of the reservoir. A. groove is turned in the bolster at e, and into this groove
is sprung a steel or spring ring, which, by its expansion, retains the reservoir in
position upon the bolster. The reservoir is formed with an exterior channel c³,
which is provided with a loose cover having a dished upper surface. Lubricant
poured upon this cover finds its way through the annular space between the cover
and the bolster into the channel c¹, whence it flows through an aperture into the
central cavity, whence it has access to the spindle footstep which is formed in the
bottom of the bolster. The form of the reservoir and the method of attachment
may be varied. In Fig. 2 the reservoir is secured to a bolster carrier f by means of
a set-screw, and the lower end of the spindle rests in a footstep bearing formed in
the bottom of the reservoir, or in a piece let into the bottom thereof. In Fig. 3B the
reservoir fits into a chamber bored in the lower end of a bolster carrier f, which is
secured by means of a set-screw in a hole bored in the rail, and can be adjusted
vertically. In each of the Figs. 4, 5, and 6 the reservoir is held upon the lower
end of a bolster carrier f by means of a spring ring, as in the case of the reservoir
in Fig. 1. In Fig. 7 the reservoir fits upon a boss formed on the underside of a
rail, and is secured thereto by means of a screw. The method of attachment to the
said boss may be varied. In Fig. 8 the reservoir fits in a hole bored in the rail,
and is secured in position by means of a set-screw. Fig. 3a represents a reservoir
having a projecting mouth fitted with a hinged lid to receive the lubricant. Fig. 10
represents the reservoir as fitting to a turned boss formed on the nut which secures

page_text: the bolster or the bolster carrier to the rail. In all the examples the reservoir can
be removed and be cleansed and refilled without removing the spindles or interfering
with the adjustment of the bolsters, and if desirable without stopping the revolution
of the spindles. If it be desirable at any time to supply lubricant to the reservoirs
without removing them, the lubricant can be introduced through the passages g.
The bolsters or bearings for the spindles are formed with right and left-hand spiral
grooves, in accordance with the second part of our Invention. In Fig. 1 a curved
slot is cut or formed in the lower end of the bolster, as indicated by the dotted lines,
and separately in Fig. 1B. This slot is in the form of a portion of a spiral. The
upper end of the bobbin is bushed to form the upper bearing. The bush is
separately represented by Fig. 1a; this bush is or may be formed of German silver
by cutting a length from a tube, or by bending a piece cut or punched from sheet
metal. The edges of the said piece are cut to such a form as that when the piece
of metal is bent into a cylindrical form a space left between the edges forms a spiral
slot. The bottom slot is made either a right or a left-hand spiral, according to the
direction in which the spindle is intended to revolve, and the upper slot is made to
a contrary spiral. Between the two bearings is a space which serves to hold the
lubricant which is lifted from the reservoir c when the spindle is revolving. In
Fig. 2 the bolster is bushed at each end with German silver or other suitable metal
bushes having right and left-hand spiral grooves, and the spindle passes through the
lower bearing and rests upon a footstep in the bottom of the reservoir c.
A groove
is turned in the lower end of the spindle, and a ring his sprung into this groove
in order to prevent the spindle from being lifted out of its bearings by the operation
of doffing. The bolster is driven into a bolster carrier f which is secured to the rail
by means of a nut b¹. The hole in the rail is made larger than the shank of the
said carrier in order that the position of the carrier upon the rail may be adjustable.
A ball is placed in an annular channel formed in the upper part of the bolster
carrier. In the event of the reservoir c being removed during the running of the
spindle, the ball sustains the spindle and attached parts; but this part of the
arrangement is not necessary to the ordinary working of the spindle, and may
therefore be dispensed with. In Figs. 1 and 2 the part of the spindle within the
bolster is of uniform diameter, but we prefer to use a taper spindle, as indicated in
Fig. 4, wherein is represented a spindle provided with a flyer for ordinary throstle
spinning. In this example the bobbin rests in a dish j which is secured to the
lifting rail k. The bolster is fixed in a carrier f which is formed at its upper end
with a projecting boss, which is covered with a ring of a suitable anti-friction
metall. The lower end of the sleeve m is bored to just clear the said ring; but
when the said sleeve yields to the pull of the driving band, it bears upon the said
ring, which is lubricated by any oil which may overflow at the upper end of the
bolster. Lubricant so overflowing is conveyed by the passage g to the reservoir.
A plate n sliding over a flanch on the sleeve prevents the lifting of the spindle, and
may also be used as a brake to stop the spindle. In some cases we form a spiral
groove in the spindle to render more certain the raising of the lubricant to the
upper bearing; such a groove is indicated in Fig. 4. In the arrangement illustrated.
by Fig. 3 any lubricant which may overflow descends into a channel formed around
the bolster, and deposits therein any dirt which it may contain, the clear lubricant
passing into a second channel p, whence it returns through a passage g to the lower
bearing. Fig. 5 illustrates an arrangement suitable for mules. In this example the
bobbin-carrier is formed with a projecting arm, whereby it is secured to the lower
rail o of the mule carriage. A plan of the bolster is seen at Fig. 5ª. The upper end
of the sleeve m projects through the upper rail o¹. In Fig. 8 the bolster carrier is
formed with a flanch, whereby it is secured by means of screws to the rail, this.
arrangement giving facility to the adjustment of the spindle. The upper end of the
bolster extends above the upper bearing bush. Any lubricant which may rise above
the said bush can escape through apertures r, and return outside the bolster to the
reservoir. Figs. 9 and 11 are illustrative of the third part of our Invention. In
Fig. 9 the spindle revolves in bearings in a bolster b, which is formed with a

page_text: globular collar at 8, and this collar rests in a seating in a bolster carrier t, which is
secured in any suitable manner to the rail. The lower end of the carrier t projects
below the rail, and is turned comparatively thin, and is split with saw cuts, as
indicated in the detached Fig. The lower end of this part touches the lower part
of the bolster; but above this point there is a space or clearance which permits a
slight oscillation or lateral movement of the lower end of the bolster in all
directions. The elastic resistance of the lower end of the bolster carrier restricts
the said oscillation or movement of the bolster, and restores the bolster to its
normal position. A reservoir is applied to the lower end of the bolster and supplies
lubricant to the bearings. This reservoir may be made sufficiently heavy to have
a tendency to restore the bolster to its normal position. In Fig. 11 slight modifi-
cations are made in the forms of the parts, the action being the same.
A collar or
enlargement rounded on its lower surface is formed upon the bolster in lieu of the
aforesaid globular collar, and the reservoir is arranged to fit upon the bolster carrier f
or upon the nut b¹, as preferred.
Having now fully set forth and indicated the nature of our said Invention, and
several methods whereby we propose to carry the same into practical effect, we
would have it to be understood in conclusion that we claim,—
+
First. The several combinations of parts, formed and acting substantially as and
for the purposes set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in and by the accom-
panying Drawings.
Secondly. The removable lubricant reservoir, applied substantially as set forth
and indicated.
Thirdly. The removable lubricant reservoirs bored to fit the lower ends of the
bolsters, substantially as set forth and indicated.
Fourthly. The right and left hand grooves in the bearings of the spindles, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated.
Fifthly. The bushes of German silver or other suitable metal, each formed with a
spiral cut, slot, or space, substantially as and for the purpose set forth and
indicated.
Sixthly. The method of mounting the bolsters of spindles, substantially as set
forth and indicated hereinbefore and by Fig. 9 and 11 of the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Marsh, for myself and on behalf
of the said James Alvin Marsh, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Fourteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty.
JAMES MARSH.
(L.S.)