matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL CORDS, FRINGES, WEARING APPAREL, FURNITURE COVERINGS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Ford at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd August 1879.
ALFRED FORD, of 67, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL CORDS, FRINGES, WEARING APPAREL,
FURNITURE COVERINGS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
This Invention relates to the manufacture of decorative or ornamental cords of
all kinds, gimps, braids, tassels, buttons, fringes, furniture coverings and hangings,
book coverings, wearing apparel, and other similar articles, the same being made of
manilla hemp, fibre, or a combination of the same with silk, worsted, cotton, or
jute. The great affinity possessed by the said fibrous substance for all kinds of dye
stuffs, but particularly aniline dyes, is utilized for the purpose of imparting thereto
any desired color whereby articles of the nature above mentioned are manufactured
of a highly ornamental and durable nature at a small cost, whilst at the same time
owing to the fact of the fibrous substance having been dyed previously to being
manufactured, the articles possess the same degree of color and brilliancy through
their entire body, thereby preventing any injury caused by wear or otherwise,
from being readily apparent.
For the purposes of this Invention it is desirable that the best and longest fibres
be selected, and the same having been carefully combed to free them from any
foreign matters, they are subjected to the action of the dye liquor for a sufficient
length of time to have imparted thereto the desired color. The fibrous substance is
then dried and is again combed in order to straighten and face the fibres; it is then
converted into yarn, when it is in a condition to be manufactured into the desired
articles by any suitable and known means. When the said fibrous substance is.
employed for the manufacture of cords in combination with silk, worsted, or cotton,
the latter is arranged over a core of fibrous substance, such as herein before
mentioned, of the same color. Or silk, worsted, cotton, or jute is mixed and
manufactured with manilla hemp fibre treated as above described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MOUSE AND OTHER TRAPS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Edward Warren at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th August 1879. A communication
from abroad by Charles Thornton Warren, of Victoria, British Columbia
"
HENRY EDWARD WARREN, of Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, in the County of
Middlesex. IMPROVEMENTS IN MOUSE AND OTHER TRAPS." A communication
from abroad by Charles Thornton Warren, of Victoria, British Columbia.
This Invention relates to improvements in mouse and other traps. The trap
consists of a round block of wood, or other suitable material, tapering from top to
bottom, the bottom being more or less steep, cut horizontally in halves, the two
halves being connected by a hinge and when closed secured by a pin and hook.
The upper half is perforated with a hole of about half an inch in diameter
extending to the inside, and covered with perforated metal or wire netting, called
by the inventor the skylight, as it throws down light on to the bait in the interior
of the trap. Over this hole is a handle of wire which, besides other purposes, is
useful on board ships for lowering and raising the trap into and from the hold.
The lower half of the trap has a wire inserted from its outside centre so shaped
as to secure the bait inside the trap, whilst the other end of the wire is shaped into
an eyelet so that it may be secured with a chain or twine.
The two portions of the trap when held together are pierced by holes placed
externally, nearer the upper surface than the lower, converging to the centre and
sloping downwards towards the bait about one inch in diameter for mouse traps,
but of smaller diameter two thirds of the way in, or of conical tapering shape
generally from outside to inside; the holes being smaller at the inner extremity the
animal cannot reach or disturb the bait, which will therefore serve for an indefinite
period. These holes terminate in a circular hollow space or ball of one inch in
diameter, or thereabouts. The internal channels or sides of each of the holes are
guarded with three or more steel points or pins securely fixed pointing inwards, to
secure the animal after entry.
In the larger traps the holes may slope downwards to the bait causing the
animal to go down hill, so to speak, and then in endeavoring to back out the
animal is caught. The trap can be so made to kill the animal instantly, as the
weight of the body will rest upon the back of the neck, and the upper spikes may
be replaced by a small sharp knife so as to divide the vertebra and cause instant
death.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS FOR WATER AND STEAM AND IN JOINTS OF WATER AND STEAM PIPES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Alfred Daniel at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th October 1879.
JAMES. ALFRED DANIEL, of Halifax, in the County of York, Plumber and Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS FOR WATER AND STEAM AND IN JOINTS OF WATER AND
STEAM PIPES."
This Invention relates, firstly, to the construction of taps for water and steam and
other uses in such manner as to be renewable at slight cost, and the improved joint
to be used in combination with such improved tap is made in lead or soft metal
pipes without the use of soldering.
Taps made according to this my Invention are provided with a hollow bottom
plug screwed in from the lower part of the tap; such plug is hollow, that is, an
entrance and exit way for steam or water is made in the said screw plug; the exit
or outlet is by passage way formed in the top of the plug, and the entrance is at
the side of the plug; the valve seat is formed by the upper part of the plug and in
which the valve and valve spindle rest, being screwed down upon the seat by
spindle as ordinary when the supply is to be shut off.
Taps so made are renewable (by replacement of a worn plug and valve seat
therein) by a new plug without disconnecting the tap from its pipe.
The joint to be used in combination with the tap as aforesaid comprises a convex
part of a tap screwed into the end of a lead or other soft metal pipe, having brass
ferrule and leather or other washer, the convex end expands the lead, forming a
concave recess, in which the convex end of pipe beds and prevents escape of water
steam, &c.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RINGS, HOOKS, AND OTHER ARTICLES FROM BARS, WIRES, HOOPS, OR OTHER KINDRED SHAPES OF MALLEABLE METALS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Vernon Hope at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th January 1879.
JOHN VERNON HOPE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RINGS, HOOKS, AND OTHER ARTICLES FROM
BARS, WIRES, HOOPS, OR OTHER KINDRED SHAPES OF MALLEABLE METALS, AND
IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
The object of my Invention is the bending of rod bar, or other metals into
various shapes, such as rings, triangles, et cetera, by means of one interchangeable
or other die having a reciprocating motion, and which preferably gives motion to
such other dies as may be required of whatever shape they may be.
In this improved machine I place a sliding bar of cast or wrought iron, or other
suitable material, to which is imparted a reciprocating motion, preferably vertical,
though I do not bind myself to a vertical motion and may employ a horizontal or
diagonal one instead, if found desirable.
Fixed to the bottom or end of this sliding bar is a die of the shape and size of
the inside of the article to be bent. Upon each side of the machine are placed two
or more dies pivoted at one end, the other being in shape and size adapted to a
portion of the outside of the article to be formed and at a suitable distance apart.
If this article be of round or other metal then the outer dies are grooved suitably.
In the formation of sail thimbles and other articles made from grooved metal
that would not allow the removal of the centre die if grooved after the formation of
the article I make the centro die in halves, each half attached to a separate lover or
slide, the levers opening preferably at right angles to the axis of the other dies.
When the article is formed the two halves of the central die in rising separate and
release the article.
The mode of operation is as follows:-The piece of metal to be bent is placed
upon the lower dies which are inclined upwards, the vertical die then descends
upon the metal and presses it down between the two or more pivoted dies which
are also forced downwards, closing round the metal and compressing it tightly
round the central die. Upon the ascent or the return stroke this central die is
lifted, the other dies rising with it, the circular motion imparted to them by the
pivots causing them to withdraw as they rise; the ring or other shaped article is
thus lifted quite clear and detached from the central die. In some shapes it is
necessary to have a fixed lower die as well as the reciprocal side dies, and in others
an upper die to cover the article instead of or as well as the centre die.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND APPLICATION THEREOF FOR PRODUCING AND SUBDIVIDING THE ELECTRIC LIGHT
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Harrop at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th September 1879.
JOHN HARROP, of Sheffield, in the County of York. " IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS AND APPLICATION THEREOF FOR PRODUCING AND SUBDIVIDING THE
ELECTRIC LIGHT."
This Invention relates to Improvements in the method of conducting the electric
currents to and from the carbon points or other materials commonly used as media
for producing the electric light, so that the same current may produce more
economically than heretofore more than one electric light in the same circuit and
also in improved methods of regulating and distributing the said current so as to
produce lights of variable, equal, or unequal size or intensity in any portion of the
aforesaid circuit.
In order to obtain the foregoing results I place the carbon points or other sub-
stitute therefor in metallic holders in juxtaposition on the same electrode, which
said electrode is divided between the said carbon points or substitutes therefor
acting as light carriers or candles, and for the purpose of regulating the intensity
of the aforesaid light I place near the part of the electrode where separated as
aforesaid a drum or barrel constructed partly of vulcanite or other good non-conductor
and partly of copper or other good conductor in such a manner that the copper or
other good conductor is in metallic contact with one part of the aforesaid separated
electrode or circuit, and I attach to the other and adjoining part of the aforesaid
separated electrode or circuit a comb formed of copper or other good conducting
material, in such a manner that when the aforesaid barrel or drum is revolved the
teeth of the aforesaid comb or a portion of them shall be in contact with the
copper or metallic portion of it, and thereby partially or wholly subdue the
aforesaid electric light without breaking the continuity of the aforesaid electrode
or circuit.
For the purpose of creating or producing more than one electric light I separate
or divide another or more portions of the aforesaid electrode or circuit, and insert
or repeat at such separate portion the aforesaid arrangement used for the purpose
of producing the first mentioned electric light. Instead of regarding the circuit as

page_text: being composed of two electrodes the one negative and the other positive, I regard the
whole circuit when closed as being one electrode from the positive pole of the
generator or source of electricity, to the negative pole of the same, and insert or
attach to any two adjacent but divided portions of it the apparatus described as
aforesaid, and thus preclude the necessity for branch electrodes, effecting thereby a
considerable saving in the quantity of the current employed for the purpose of
producing the electric light.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPADES AND DUST AND OTHER SHOVELS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Young at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th October 1879.
WILLIAM YOUNG, of No. 4, Summerville Road, Peckham, in the County of
Surrey, Lamp Maker. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPADES AND
DUST AND OTHER SHOVELS."
This Invention consists of further improvements in my Invention of which I
received Provisional protection, dated the 25th day of Jany, 1879, No. 322, and
in addition to making my spades, shovels, dust pans, and the like in one solid piece
I now fix cutting points or teeth made of steel or other material. The mode
claimed is as follows:-The bottom part of blade, or spade, or shovel is constructed
to have a dovetail cut at the bottom to allow the cutting points or teeth to pass
through at one end and then fixed by rivets or screws. The cutting points can be
rolled out and ready for the workman to apply.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GETTING COAL OR OTHER MINERALS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Cochran Carr at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th May 1879.
WILLIAM COCHRAN CARR, of the Town and County of Newcastle upon Tyne,
Colliery Proprietor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GETTING COAL OR OTHER
MINERALS."
My Invention relates to machinery for getting coal or other minerals, and the
improvements consist in arranging or setting in succession in a suitable frame or
bolder a series of drills, chisels, or boring tools for the purpose of producing a cut
more or less continuous or clean in the coal or mineral attacked. The drills or tools
may be driven by hand or other available power, and with either a continuous or
an intermittent rotary or reciprocating motion, and they are at the same time
moved gradually forward. The various drills may be worked either singly, alter-
nately, or in sets of any number as the conditions of the coal or mineral operated
upon may require, and either horizontally, vertically, or at any angle. The
continuous intermittent rotary or reciprocating and forward motions may be
obtained in various ways; one convenient way is by the use of mechanism similar
to that in a ratchet brace, the forward motion being supplied by the same power
as that used for working the drills.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF INSULATING MARINERS' COMPASSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur William Lovell Reddie at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th December 1879. A
communication from abroad by Jean Baptiste Siccardi, of Varazze, near
Genoa, in the Kingdom of Italy.
ARTHUR WILLIAM LOVELL REDDIE, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent.
"AN IMPROVED MODE OF INSULATING
MARINERS' COMPASSES." [A communication from abroad by Jean Baptiste Siccardi,
of Varazze, near Genoa, in the Kingdom of Italy.]
Hitherto great difficulty has been experienced in ascertaining the true direction
of the North Pole when on board ship owing to the deviation produced in the
compasses by the iron employed in the construction of the vessel, and this difficulty
is particularly felt in vessels which are constructed entirely of iron or steel.
To remedy this inconvenience, which is a fruitful source of danger and serious
accident, it is proposed by the present Invention to so completely insulate the box
containing the compass that the direction of its needle will remain uninfluenced by
the iron or steel which may be near it, so that whether a compass insulated
according to this Invention be placed on a block of iron, or whether it be situate on
board a wooden vessel and entirely separated from any pieces of iron, the needle
will correctly indicate the magnetic pole, and enable the vessel to be accurately
steered.
To effect this insulation a box is provided, say, about 28 inches square by 20
inches high, made of wood or other nonconducting material; this box is con-
structed at the top with a well in the centre of sufficient depth to contain the
compass which is to be insulated, the top of which, when fitted in the well, will be
about flush with the top of the box.
The interior of this box is filled with sea sand of moderate coarsness which
closely surrounds the shallow well containing the compass on all its sides and
bottom. As the well in a box of the size above given will have a width of about
11 inches it follows that there will be about 8½ inches of sand between the sides
of the compass and the sides of the box, and a still greater depth of sand
immediately below the compass.
These dimensions are subject of course to variation, but it should be remarked
that if a less thickness of sand than 8 inches intervenes between the compass and
the outside of the box the risk of not obtaining perfect insulation is incurred.
The compass may also if desired, be sunk lower in the well, so that its surface
will be below the level of the top of the box, or it may be raised slightly above the
top of the box.
The box containing the sand and also the well to receive the compass may be
made of a circular or other convenient form if desired.
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HOLDING AND ILLUMINATING ICE, GLASS, OR OTHER ARTICLES CAPABLE OF REFLECTING LIGHT FOR DECORATIVE OR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Maunsel Caswell Bannister at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th November 1879.
" IM-
MAUNSEL CASWELL BANNISTER, of Portslade, in the County of Sussex.
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HOLDING AND ILLUMINATING ICE, GLASS, OR
OTHER ARTICLES CAPABLE OF REFLECTING LIGHT FOR DECORATIVE OR OTHER
PURPOSES."
The improvements relate primarily to ice stands intended for the table or
decorative purposes, and the Invention consists in illuminating pyramids or prisms
of ice by means of lights concealed from view placed in or about the stand, supplied
with reflectors and coloured glass screens bearing devices or plain, and so casting
various hues and devices on the said pyramids or prisms. Sometimes the pyramid
or prism may be of glass or other suitable material capable of receiving or reflecting
the devices or hues. The stand may be made of any convenient material, and may
be surrounded with glass prisms like chandelier drops, or otherwise decorated.
Although a prism or pyramid is preferred other shapes may be used, such as a globe,
or a polygonal solid.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEEL AND OTHER PENS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Denton Abel at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th November 1879. A com-
munication from abroad by Ernst Hammesfahr, of Foche in Graefrath, near
Solingen, in the German Empire.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 28, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEEL AND OTHER PENS." [A
in the County of Middlesex.
communication from abroad by Ernst Hammesfahr, of Foche in Graefrath, near
Solingen, in the German Empire.]
The present Invention relates to an improved construction of steel and other
pens whereby these are provided with reservoirs or chambers at their points for
containing a considerable supply of ink, while at the same time such ink is
prevented from dropping from the pen.
For this purpose, according to one arrangement, a pen of ordinary construction
has its under or concave face covered with a plate or shield, the edges of which are
bent over so as to enibrace the sides of the pen, while the front end is tapered off
to a point of similar configuration to that of the point of the pen, and is also bent
up so as to fit more or less closely against the sloping sides of such point.
According to another construction a pen is formed of a flat metal plate which fits
into a tubular holder, the front end of which is tapered off so as to fit against
and enclose the one side of the pen up to its point. Either the entire holder may
form a reservoir of ink or only the front end thereof, the flat pen having an opening
through which the ink enters when the pen is dipped in.
According to another modification the said flat pen may fit into a slit formed in
the tapered end of the tubular holder, so that this encloses the pen on both sides.
Or the tapered tubular end may be formed without a slit and the flat pen be
inserted within it so as to have an ink chamber on each side thereof and only to
project with its point through a small opening in the end of such chamber. Or
again the tapering end of the holder may be formed flat and either the pen be
formed with edges bent over and embracing those of the tapering end or the edges
of the latter may be bent over the pen.
According to another construction the plate forming the pen is bent round so
that its edges meet, producing a pen of a tapering tubular form, both sides being
rounded or the one side being flat.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Illingworth and James Helliwell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th February 1879.
JOHN ILLINGWORTH, of Shipley, in the County of York, Spinner, and JAMES
HELLIWELL, also of Shipley aforesaid, Manager. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING."
The obiect of our Invention is to arrange the spindles in machinos used for
spinning worsted, silk, flax, mnohair, or other fibrous substances in such a manner
that the speed of the spindles can be increased and have a steadier motion than
when mounted in the ordinary manner.
We accomplish our object in the following manner:-We fix a series of stationary
spindles to the top rails of the ordinary spinning frame; these spindles are hollow,
having a hole bored longitudinally through the axes of the same. On each of these
spindles we place a metal tube, to the top end of which is secured the flyer, and
near to the bottom of the same we secure a pulley which is in connection with the
frame cylinder and receives rotary motion therefrom.
In any convenient position at or near the level of the tops of the hollow spindles
we place a vessel which is filled with oil and is fitted with a piston in such a
manner that when actuated the same will cause the oil contained in the vessel to
pass through pipes that are connected to the bottom of the said vessel and to the
bottom of each of the hollow spindles, and thus lubricate the metal tubes and
spindles from the top of the hollow spindles.
We arrange the top of the tubes in such a manner that when the flyers are
placed thereon the same will not be thrown from off the tubes when the frame is
suddenly put in motion.
MENTS IN GAS STOVES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry John Davis at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th October 1879.
HENRY JOHN DAVIS, of Camberwell, in the County of Surrey.
MENTS IN GAS STOVES."
" IMPROVE-
This Invention has for its object the improvement of what are commonly known
as public-house bar stoves in which gas is employed for the purpose of heating
water and other liquids, and in this case the surrounding atmosphere, the said
Invention being an improvement in appearance, economy in the consumption of
gas, and the removal of any unpleasant effluvia from the products of combustion.
The Invention consists in providing a grate or basket, into or underneath the
bottom of which there is placed one or more burners for the consumption of gas
or a mixture of gas and air. The grate or basket is charged with lumps of
fire clay, asbestos, or other suitable refractory substance or composition. At a
convenient distance above the grate there is an annular chamber, the space between
the inner and outer sides of the ring forming the boiler. This is provided at the
top with one or more vessels or covered dishes for the reception of food or other
matter required to be warmed, and one or more smaller vessels of a similar
description, but fitted at their bottoms with pipes, which are led through the water
and are attached to the sides where they each terminate externally in a tap, Bo as
to admit of cold beer or other liquid being poured in at the top and drawn out
almost immediately after warmed and ready for consumption. The annular
chamber or boiler is supported by a pipe of sufficient capacity to serve as a flue,
but considerably less than the central space of the annulus. This pipe ascends to
near the bottom of the upper part of the boiler and descends through the grate or
basket, and after traversing a convenient distance either ascends again or is led
into an ascending conduit or chimney.
When the gas is lighted the fire clay, asbestos, or other matter in the grate soon
becomes red hot and forms a remarkably cheerful looking fire, while a portion of
the heat and the whole of the products of combustion rise, heat the water in the
boiler, and then escape by the descending flue into the conduit or chimney before
mentioned.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE MANU- FACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL
Year: 1879

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection only.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Clay Bull at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th September 1879.
HENRY CLAY BULL, of Brooklyn, New York, United States of America, now of
8, Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE MANU-
FACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL."
My Invention relates to an improved process for the manufacture of iron and
steel, by puddling or boiling at a high temperature, whereby such manufacture
may be conducted with great advantage on a large scale without manual
labour.
In practising my said Invention, I use any suitable furnace "fetted" and lined in
the usual manner, and which may be of any convenient size. I prefer one of the
well known "Siemens" furnaces. In the said furnace I subject the molten metal
to oxydizing flames, which are caused to impinge on the surface thereof and keep
it liquid, and a jet or jets of steam are blown or forced into the molten mass by any
suitable means, preferably through the tapping-out hole of the furnace. This steam
will be decomposed into hydrogen and carbonic oxide, which on coming into
contact with the free oxygen of the flames, will combine therewith and cause
great heat.
I thus maintain the heat in the furnace with great economy of fuel, and part of
the hydrogen serves to take up the sulphur and phosphorus which are thus
eliminated from the metal.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PALLIASSES, MATTRESSES, BOLSTERS, AND CUSHIONS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Sawtell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th December 1879.
BENJAMIN SAWTELL, of Melksham, in the County of Wilts, Bedding Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PALLIASSES, MATTRESSES, BOLSTERS, AND
CUSHIONS."
The object of the Invention is to obtain an improved elastic mattress, palliasso,
bolster, or cushion capable of being used in reversed positions.
For this purpose I form the two opposite surfaces of straw, fibre, or hair, with
an outer layer of wool if desired, or these surfaces may be formed of other suitable
material, with springs between them. These springs I form of the best coppered
steel wire or of other suitable material. The three parts are then at their edges or
side surfaces enclosed, and upholstered with wool, fibre, or hair, or other suitable
material, and stitched similarly to a palliasse or mattress, or as may be desired;
and the two surfaces with the springs are tied down with tufts or buttons, as in
the case of other mattresses or palliasses to the thickness desired.
Mattresses, palliasses, bolsters, or cushions thus formed may be reversed variously,
by either surface being for the time uppermost, the other for the time being the
lower; or in the like manner the reversal inay be effected end wise.
Palliasses, mattresses, bolsters, or cushions, as thus described, will be found of
especial advantage in affording increased facilities for ventilation, whilst they are
not liable to propagate moth, and are equally elastic on every part of their
surfaces.
If desired a frame of wood or cane or other suitable material may be employed.
They may also, especially when of large sizes, be formed in two or more parts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LANTERNS AND LAMPS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Patrick Harford at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th February 1879.
PATRICK HARFORD, of 204, Saint George Street East, in the County of Mid-
dlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LANTERNS AND LAMPS."
My Invention has reference more especially to lanterns and lamps for use on
ships, railways, and in other situations exposed to wind or draughts, and consists
of improvements whereby liability to smoke, extinction of the light, and breakage
of the lamp glasses or lenses is obviated or greatly lessened, the wick adjusting
apparatus is simplified and strengthened, and fresh wicks can be inserted without
removing the burner cap.
One part of my Invention has reference to the admission of the fresh air to and
the escape of the burnt air from a lantern constructed with inner and outer chambers,
the inner one containing the light. I admit the fresh air into the upper part of the
outer chamber freely by holes protected by an internal guard (or guards), brake, or
deflector, and I discharge the air from the flame freely into the same upper chamber,
leaving nothing to separate the two currents but their differences of temperature
and direction. The upper part of the outer chamber is connected with the lower
part by wide and free passages. The flame is fed with air from the lower part of
the outer chamber. The exhaustion of the air in the lower part of the outer chamber
by the flame draws down to it a sufficient supply for combustion, but as the fresh air
is free to flow in and out of the upper part of the outer chamber variation of current
has not a tendency to alter the supply to the flame, which is thus automatically
supplied.
Any suitable burner may be employed to consume either animal, vegetable, or
mineral oils, so long as the air supply is regulated as above described.
My Invention consists also in combining a burner cap with a " winder" tube in
such manner that by turning the cap the wick holder may be raised or lowered.
The cap is formed with a central hole large enough to allow a wick to pass.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ME- TALLIC ROOFS OR COVERINGS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND WAGONS, AND OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Harris Lake at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May 1879. A communication from
abroad by A. Dufour, of Lyons, France, Engineer.
HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Office of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ME-
TALLIC ROOFS OR COVERINGS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND WAGONS, AND OTHER
VEHICLES." [A communication from abroad by A. Dufour, of Lyons, France,
Engineer].
Various attempts have been heretofore made to provide railway and other
wagons and carriages with a metallic roof or covering. The methods of manufac-
ture employed do not permit the metal plates to be rolled or laminated of such a
length as to entirely cover a carriage or wagon, so that it has been necessary to
employ several plates nailed or soldered to each other. Metallic roofs or coverings
thus obtained present the great disadvantages that the nails and solder become
disconnected by reason of expansion and vibration.
This Invention has for its object to obviate these disadvantages, and is carried
into practice as follows, that is to say :-
The metal plates of the ordinary dimensions are bent or turned over at their
edges into a hook shape, and the several plates are then hooked together and
rivetted by means of rivets passing through the booked or bent over portions of
the said plates. The roofing thus obtained is then galvanized or leaded.
This improved construction enables me to obtain a single or complete galvanized
roof without the necessity of rolling single sheets sufficiently large to cover the
whole surface, and which does not require to be pierced in order to attach it to the
carriage or wagon, and at the same time free expansion is permitted.
The plate employed in constructing the said roofing may be of iron or steel, and
of any suitable dimensions, and may be used for the covering of railway or other
carriages and wagons, and for omnibuses, tram cars, and other vehicles.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ARGAND BURNERS FOR OIL LAMPS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Rudolph Max Seeck at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th October 1879. A communication
from abroad, by Carl Kneusel, of Zeulenroda, the Empire of Germany.
RUDOLPH MAX SEECK, of Basinghall Street, in the City of London. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ARGAND BURNERS FOR OIL LAMPS." [A
communication from abroad by Carl Kneusel, of Zeulenroda, in the Empire of
Germany.]
This Invention relates to improvements on that class of argand burners in which
a flat wick is used, the same being passed up between two concentric tubes which
give a tubular form to the wick.
In order to raise and lower the wick in an even manner two pairs of feed wheels
are provided, the same being so situated as to act upon the outer periphery of the
open tubular wick. These feed wheels are mounted on transverse horizontal
spindles which lie on opposite sides of the outer tube, and turn in bearings made
to receive them. The outer tube is slotted vertically to permit of the teeth of the
feed wheels reaching the wick and biting into the same. The two spindles are
connected together by a pair of spur pinions, and on one of the spindles is fitted a
button through which rotary motion is imparted to the pinions, and consequently
to the two pairs of feed wheels.
By this arrangement not only is an even motion given to the wick, but the feed
wheels are rendered readily accessible for repairs.
To cut off as far as possible all unnecessary connection between the burner and
the oil reservoir, a matter of considerable importance when petroleum oils are
burned, the inner tube is closed at the bottom, and the only connection with the
reservoir is therefore through the annular space which is occupied by the cotton
wick..
A DOUBLE LIQUID EXTRACTOR WHICH CAN BE WORKED DOUBLE OR SINGLE, OR BOTH AT SAME TIME."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Rice at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 29th August 1879.
JOHN RICE, of 57, Silchester Road, Notting Hill, in the County of Middlesex,
Gas Engineer. "A DOUBLE LIQUID EXTRACTOR WHICH CAN BE WORKED DOUBLE
OR SINGLE, OR BOTH AT SAME TIME."
The pipe of the extractor is composed of metal with division in the centre of
same material with a 5/8 bore. At the bottom is a cap that screws and unscrews
with a perforated copper trivet inlet with wood plug fluted for vent and a band
of india-rubber to regulate same to depth of barrell. The top of the extractor is
composed of two half unions for connecting to engine with hand spanner to shoot
off and on to either draughts. One draught or both draughts can be used at the
same time.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Alfred Barlow at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd October 1879. A communication
from abroad by Charles Leyherr, of Paris, France, Manufacturer.
"
CHARLES ALFRED BARLOW, of the Firm of H: B. Barlow, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Patent Agent. CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES." A
communication from abroad by Charles Leyherr, of Paris, France, Manufacturer.
This Invention relates to the drawing rollers of drawing frames, roving frames,
and other preparing machines, and to throstles, mules, and other spinning machines
in which drawing rollers are employed, and it consists in certain improved modes
of constructing and weighting the same, whereby the coupled up lengths of the
rollers and the power for driving them is reduced, and the fibres are drawn more
uniformly than heretofore.
In ordinary spinning machines three rows of drawing rollers are employed with
separate top rollers to each row, and the middle row is generally driven from the
back row, thus causing a great length of rollers to be coupled up; the front row of
top rollers is usually weighted by a separate saddle or hook, and the top rollers of
the middle and back rollers are weighted by another saddle. Now this Invention
consists in making one large top roller to press upon the middle and back fluted
rollers, thereby dispensing with the saddles and weights, and allowing the top roller
of the front roller to be made rather more in diameter than heretofore:
THE MANUFACTURE OF A NEW OR IMPROVED SUBSTANCE WHICH CAN BE USED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR GUTTA-PERCHA.
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest Mourlot at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th November 1879.
ERNEST MOURLOT, fils, of Boulevard Saint Denis, 1, at Paris, Manufacturer.
"THE MANUFACTURE OF A NEW OR IMPROVED SUBSTANCE WHICH CAN BE USED AS
A SUBSTITUTE FOR GUTTA-PERCHA.'
My Invention consists in distilling in any apparatus over an open or naked fire
the bark of the birch, and preferably the outer bark; it leaves behind in the retort
a black liquid substance which rapidly solidifies in coming into contact with the
air and becomes very compact.
This substance has all the advantages of gutta-percha, but it possesses over this
latter a marked superiority; for instance, it does not crack on coming into contact
with the air, it is more economical and more solid, and further more when mixed
with gutta-percha communicates to it all its properties.
This substance, as I have before stated, after leaving the retort rapidly solidifies
in contact with the air, it is then that it is ready to undergo the working up, the
cylindric motion, the moulding, and in general all the ordinary preparations of
gutta-percha.
It is besides a perfect electric insulator.
IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA FASTENINGS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Wadmore at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th July 1879.
WALTER WADMORE, of New Basinghall Street, in the City of London, Umbrella
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA FASTENINGS."
The object of this Invention is an improved umbrella fastening which shall be
more convenient to handle, more efficient, and more sightly than the caps that are
at present in use.
In carrying out my Invention I insert into the upper part of the stick of the
umbrella a small cylindrical box which should not be of a greater diameter than
the handle of the stick to which it is applied. Inside this box and exactly in its
centre I place a short spindle, to one end of which I attach a coiled spring. To this
spindle I also secure a metal or other tape; the opposite end of this tape to that
which is secured to the spindle I furnish with a loop or cross bar or other suitable
fastening, the object of which will be hereafter explained. A longitudinal slit is
made in the side of the box to enable the tape to be passed through, and in close
proximity to this slit are one or more studs, pins, hooks, or other equivalent. In
securing the umbrella I first close it in the usual manner, I then seize the loop or
cross bar that is at the free end of the tape and pull it out of the box in which it
had hitherto laid coiled through the action of the spring on the spindle; I then
pass the tape round the extreme ends of the ribs of the umbrella, but just below
their tips, and finally secure its free end to the pin, stud or other equivalent device.
which is upon the box, and the ribs of the umbrella will be secured and held firmly
against the stick.
In order to release the ribs it is merely necessary to push the free end of the tape
from off the pin or other device to which it is secured when by the action of the
spring in the box the tape will be pulled into the box and the umbrella will be free
to be opened.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSES FOR PRINTING OR BLOCKING LEATHER OR OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Wilkinson and James Lea
Wilkinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th April
1879.
CHARLES WILKINSON and JAMES LEA WILKINSON, both of the City of Bath and
County of Somerset, Engravers and Printers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSES FOR
PRINTING OR BLOCKING LEATHER OR OTHER SURFACES."
The object of our Invention is simplicity with increased efficiency in use.
In carrying our improvements into effect the block or type to produce the desired
impression is supported with capability of adjustment in a moveable frame, which
is separable from but capable of ready application to the plunger or ram by dovetail,
groove, or other suitable correspondingly formed parts.
Heat is applied by means of jets of gas or otherwise to facilitate the operation,
as is well understood, and this moveable frame is applied to a traversing cross-bar
or beam, the ends of which are capable of traversing on upright rods connecting
the base plate with a top cross bar. This top cross bar is provided with a screw
nut to receive the thread of a screw-stem, the lower end of which is held to turn
freely in the traversing cross bar or beam above referred to, so as to raise or lower
that cross bar or beam in its rotary motion in one direction or the other. Motion
is given to this screw stem by a handle wheel at its upper end, or by a fly wheel
formed with a neck to revolve in the top cross bar, such neck being formed with a
female screw corresponding with that to the screw stem.
The base plate supports, with capability of sliding therein, the moveable plate on
which the leather or other surface to be stamped is supported.
Springs are applied to hold the work to prevent it from slipping.
By these means facility is afforded for stamping goods of different thicknesses.
IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Eugen Schultz at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th June 1879. A communication from
Alexander Fach and Rufus Fach, of Wiesbaden, in the Empire of Germany.
EUGEN SCHULTZ, of 16, Franzosische Strasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,
Engineer and Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS." A communication from
Alexander Fach and Rufus Fach, of Wiesbaden, in the Empire of Germany.
The Invention relates to a kiln for burning bricks, pottery, cement, limestone, or
other materials, and which may be partially charged or discharged without setting
the kiln out of action. It consists in constructing a shaft or burning chamber
inclined at such an angle that its contents may chiefly by gravity slide from the
top to the bottom of the chamber and at a speed which can be regulated, the
bottom of the inclined sole of the kiln ending in an arch which leads into a hori-
zontal plane. The goods to be burnt are inserted at the top, and when burnt taken
out at the bottom of the kiln. As soon as thero is sufficient room at the top for a
new parcel or charge of bricks, the inclined plane is strewed over with fine quartz-
sand, and then lined with a layer of unburnt bricks, which form the bed of a frame
which is subsequently built up of bricks or other goods to be burnt in such a
manner as to form shafts and grates for the reception of fuel, and also chambers
which are then filled with the finer goods to be burnt. The vault or cover of the
kiln is provided with several shafts or openings placed about the middle of the
kiln, perpendicular to the inclined plane, and serving as stoke holes. These
openings may be closed or opened separately, the whole number being only open
when the kiln is in forced operation. The atmospheric air enters at the bottom of
the kiln, while the products of combustion escape through a chimney at the top of
it. When a parcel or charge is to bo taken out at the bottom of the kiln, the
whole contents of the kiln are made to slide forward by applying a little pressure
at the top. The kiln may be built of bricks, those at the inside being fire proof,
and armed with iron hoops at suitable distances. In order to insulate the kiln
from wet ground, an air channel may be constructed under the sole of it, running
for the whole length of the kiln, and covered by brick vaults or in any suitable way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FITTINGS FOR TOWEL ROLLERS, BLIND ROLLERS, STAIR RODS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Watts at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th November 1879.
JOSEPH WATTS, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FITTINGS FOR TOWEL ROLLERS, BLIND ROLLERS, STAIR
RODS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
This Invention relates chiefly to a ready method of supporting towel rollers and
blind rollers, so that they will be quite firm and resist a pull, and at the same time
they will be noiseless in revolving, and can at any time be easily removed and
replaced. The Invention is also equally applicable to stair rods and other similar
articles which are not required to revolve.
The roller or other article is provided with a pointed axis at each end, somewhat
similar in form to a shuttle-tip (the angle of the sides of the point being by
preference less than forty-five degrees), one of which is fixed and the other movable,
and capable of sliding into the end of the roller or other article, being provided
with a spring which has a constant tendency to force it outwards.
The supports are two fixed brackets, each fitted on the inner side with a small
socket or step, in which the pointed axis of the roller runs; the angle of the sides of
the socket being by preference more than forty-five degrees, so that the points of
the roller axis will run freely in the same, touching only at the extreme point.
It will thus be evident that the roller being supported only by the extreme points
will run or revolve freely and noiselessly, and at the same time cannot be withdrawn
by any force acting at right angles to its axis. It may, however, be readily with-
drawn upon pressing it in the direction of its axis, so as to press the movable point
inwards until the fixed point is relieved from the socket, and it can be easily
replaced by the reverse movement, that is, placing the movable point in its socket,
then pressing end wise till it recedes into the roller far enough to allow the opposite
axis to be placed in its respective socket or bearing.
I propose to make the sockets or bearings of glass, ivory, bone, earthenware, or
other suitable material.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING AND SPINNING VARIEGATED YARNS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Cheetham Hill at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th August 1879.
"
HENRY CHEETHAM HILL, of Stalybridge, in the County of Chester, Cotton
Spinner.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING AND SPINNING VARIEGATED
YARNS."
In performing my Invention I apply at the back of the ordinary drawing
rollers of any ordinary machine for preparing or spinning one or more pairs of
extra rollers, to which I impart an intermittent motion by means of a crank
and ratchet wheel, or other mechanism, driven from the middle roller or other
convenient part of the machine, to which extra rollers rovings or other slivers are
supplied of any colour which it may be desired to add to the rovings or slivers
which are passing through the ordinary drawing rollers; these extra rovings or
slivers by the action of the intermittent rollers are worked into the rovings or
slivers under operation at any desired interval, to form a piebald or variegated
yarn.