AN IMPROVED MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING OR BREAKINGIMI
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Archer, junior, of Dunston Engine Works,
Gateshead-on-Tyne, in the County of Durham, Engineer, for the Inven-
tion of "AN IMPROVED MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING OR BREAKING
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Archer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
December 1864.
I, THOMAS ARCHER, junior, of Dunston Engine Works, Gateshead-on-Tyne,
in the County of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING OR
BREAKING STONE, ORES, OR OTHER SIMILAR HARD SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention is designed for the purpose of crushing or breaking stone,
ores, pyrites, or other hard substances, and consists principally of a strong
frame somewhat in the form of a trough with an open bottom (supported on
suitable feet), each end of the same being provided with vertically grooved or
indented cheeks made of wrought iron faced with steel, the said cheek sloping
downwards so that the opening between them at the bottom is narrower than
that at the top. Between these grooved cheeks are suspended a series of
strong knives or crushers (made also in wrought iron and faced with steel)
somewhat in the form of an inverted V and capable of oscillating to and fro

page_text: between the grooved cheeks, being suspended on a strong rod or shaft which
passes through them near the apex and is supported by the side framing.
Through the fork of these knives or crushers passes a strong shaft supported
by the sides of the trough, and having a series of cams or excentrics working
in the forks of the knives or crushers, so that as the shaft is caused to revolve
by any suitable mechanical means the knives or crushers are successively
forced against and withdrawn from the surface of the grooved or indented
cheeks above named, and any stone, ore, or other hard substance that may
have been placed in the trough will become crushed or broken between the
knives or crushers, and the grooved cheeks and will fall through the opening
on to the ground.
The shaft is placed slightly out of the centre, so that the opening between
the knives and the grooved cheeks shall be larger on one side than on the
other in order that the stone or other material may be first roughly broken
on one side and then further reduced in size by being passed through the
machine again on the other side.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Archer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
6th June 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
ARCHER, junior, of Dunston Engine Works, Gateshead-on-Tyne, in the County
of Durham, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Thomas Archer, junior, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas
Archer, junior, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Thomas Archer, junior, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING OR BREAKING STONE,
ORES, OR OTHER SIMILAR HARD SUBSTANOES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Thomas Archer, junior, my executors or adminis-

page_text: trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Archer, junior,. do hereby.
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and. ascertained in and-
by the following statement in writing, and on reference to the accompanying.
Sheet of Drawings, that is to say:-
This Invention is designed for the purpose of crushing or breaking stone,
ores, pyrites, or other hard substances, and in constructing a double machine.
According to my Invention I employ a strong frame somewhat in the form
of a trough, with an open bottom (supported on suitable feet), each end of the
same being provided with vertically grooved or indented jaws made of wrought
iron faced with steel, the said jaws sloping downwards, so that the opening
between them at the bottom is narrower than that at the top. Between
these grooved jaws are suspended a series of strong knives or crushers (made
also in wrought or cast iron and faced with steel, somewhat in the form of
an inverted V, and capable of oscillating to and fro between the grooved jaws,
being suspended on a strong rod or shaft which passes through them near the
apex, and is supported by the side framing. Through the fork of these knives
or crushers passes a strong shaft supported by the sides of the trough, and
having a series of cams or excentrics working in the forks of the knives or
crushers so that as the shaft is caused to revolve. by any suitable mechanical
means the knives or crushers are successively forced against and withdrawn
from the surface of the grooved or indented jaws above named, and any stone,
ore, or other hard substance that may have been placed in the trough will
become crushed or broken between the knives or crushers and the grooved
jaws and will fall through the opening on to the ground.
The shaft is placed slightly out of the centre, so that the opening between
the knives and the grooved jaws shall be larger on one side than on the other,
in order that the stone or other material may be first roughly broken on
one side and then further reduced in size by being passed through the machine
again on the other side.
If it be desired to construct only a single machine the knives are single,
and only one grooved jaw or cheek is required, which may (if preferred) be
placed vertical if a sufficient inclination is given to the face of the knives.
In both cases I prefer to place a screen beneath the opening and to give an

page_text: intermittent shaking or jerking motion thereto in order to separate the dust
from the broken stone or other substance.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention for "An Improved
Machine or Apparatus for Crushing or Breaking Stone, Ores, or other similar
Hard Substances," I will now proceed to describe more in detail the manner
in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical
effect, and in order that the same may be distinctly understood I have annexed
hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same
with figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof, that is to say :-
'
The Drawings represent a single machine, but it will be evident that all
that is required to convert the same into a double machine is to double the
whole of the working parts, making the knives somewhat in the form of an
inverted V, and hanging them on a centre placed in a vertical line above the
excentric shaft.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, Figure 2 an end elevation, and Figure 3 a
plan view of my improved machine; Figures 4, 5, and 6 are detached views
of the various working parts hereafter more particularly referred to.
a, a, the framing of the machine, in one end of which is fixed the grooved
or indented jaw b, b, of chilled cast iron (see also detached Figure 5). This
jaw is held by means of a plate at top and bottom, and three bolts c, c, so that by
replacing the latter by bolts of a smaller or larger diameter the jaw can be set
back or forwards. The inner side of the frame is also provided at this part with
chilled cast-iron cheeks d, d, (see Figure 3). e, e, are the knives or crushers
(see also detached Figure 6), which are hung from a rod f, f, above, and are
provided with steel faces 9, 9; at the back of each of the knives or crushers is
a fork or clip h, h, each of which embraces one of the excentrics i, i, on the
shaft k, k, (seen detached at Figure 4). This shaft is mounted in suitable
bearings supported in or upon the frame, and is provided at one end with a
wheel 1, 1, and at the other with a pair of fast-and-loose driving pulleys
m, m, for throwing the machine in or out of gear; n, n, is the driving strap;
o, o, is a screen, one end of which is hung on two brackets fixed to the frame
whilst the other end of the same rests on a lever p, p, which receives a jerk at
every revolution of the shaft k, k, by means of a small rise or cam q, q, on the
boss of the fly wheel 1, 1. The carriages or bearings for the shaft k, k, are
made in the usual manner excepting that one of the brasses to each bearing is
fitted with a wedge key r, r, (shown by dotted lines in Figure 1 and detached
at Figure 7) by screwing up which by means of the bolt 8, 8, the brasses can
be tightened as they wear.

page_text: Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention for "An
Improved Machine or Apparatus for Crushing or Breaking Stone, Ores, or
other similar Hard Substances," together with the manner in which the same
is to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, I would remark
in conclusion that I claim as my Invention the improved machine for crushing
or breaking stone, ores, or other similar hard substances as above described
and illustrated by the Drawings annexed, or any mere modification or
imitation thereof, operating in substantially the same or a similar manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Archer, junior, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
THOS. ARCHER, JUN³. (L.S.)