Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 7th July, 1887
Complete Left, 5th Apr., 1888
Complete Accepted, 15th June, 1888
I, JAMES EGLINTON ANDERSON GWYNNE of Essex Street, Strand, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to assist and increase by mechanical means, the
draught in Locomotive, Portable Marine and other steam boilers, as well as to improve
the ventilation of houses, halls, public and other buildings, churches, factories and the
like; also to secure by the same arrangements a more efficient ventilation of large
passenger steamers, cattle carrying vessels and other ships, and to apply the same to
the shafts and workings of coal and other mines.
The manner in which I propose to effect this, and to put the same into practical
operation is by constructing rotary fans of suitable proportions and size for each
particular application, the vanes or blades of which any required number may be used,
to be curved and so formed that in revolving, the air is acted upon in an oblique,
curved or inclined direction, as regards the plane of revolution, one edge being in
advance of the other; by this means the arms or vanes of such revolving wheels or
discs have a wedge-like action, and operate more smoothly, noiselessly, effectively, and
not by a succession of flows as is the case with fans of the ordinary construction.
The motive power for working my improved fans I obtain from electric currents,
compressed air, steam, water, or any other fluid or gas, each of which have their own
advantages for special applications; for instance on hoard a steamship or a torpedo-
boat, the most suitable and efficient motive power, steam or electricity would be obtain-
able, whilst for the ventilation of a church or mansion, clectricity, compressed air, or
water might be most suitable.
With steam as the motive power I propose to work my improved fans by having
one or several small fine jets of steam at high pressure issuing from the ends of small
pipes and impinging upon the surface of the fan blades, or on a properly constructed
channel attached thereto, and by the action of the steam in the manner described, the
fans are caused to rotate at high velocities in the chimney or uptake shaft in which
they are placed, the pivots or bearings of my improved faus being provided with
DQ17

page_text: adequate means of lubricating the same, and with those fans designed to run at the
highest velocities I should construct the same with ball bearings and other similar
expedients in order to reduce the friction to a minimum.
By these means the draught and power of the boiler, furnace, &c. would be
increased, or the ventilation of the ship or building improved as the case may be.
By a modification of construction the angles of the vanes or arms may be varied or
changed as desired.
D
ليم
2 T 1
LOOR
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fans for Steam Boilers, Ventilating Purposes, and
the like.
I JAMES EGLINTON ANDERSON GWYNNE of Essex Street Works or Victoria
Embankment, London in the County of Middlesex Civil Engineer do hereby declare
the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statements :-
The object of this Invention is to assist and increase by mechanical means, the
draughts in locomotive, portable, marine, and other steam boilers, and to improve the
ventilation of houses, halls, public and other buildings, churches factories &c. &c.,
also to secure by like arrangements a more efficient ventilation of large passenger
steamers and sailing ships, cattle ships, and to apply the same to the shafts and
workings of coal and other mines.
I construct my rotary Fans of suitable proportions and size for each special
application, the vanes or blades (any required number of which may be used) are
curved or so formed, that in revolving the air is acted upon in an oblique curved or
inclined direction as regards the plan of revolution one edge of the vane or arin being
in advance of the other, by this means the arms or vanes have a wedge or screw-like
action, and work more smoothly noiselessly and effectually avoiding concussion, or the
succession of blows produced by the arms or vanes upon the surrounding medium and
securing economy and stability in working. The Fan blades or arms may be placed
radially from the centre to the circumference or inclined at any intermediate angle as
found most advantageous.
I prefer that the outer end or extremity of the blades should be curved from the
-direction of rotation to prevent concussion.

page_text: In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is an arrangement of a pair of my improved fans, right and left hand driven
by a compound Tandem Engine and applicable for use on board Steam Ships, for
producing forced draught, for ventilation or for other purposes on sea or on land, the
arrows slow how the air enters or is drawn into the fans, the construction of the
blades is shown by the drawing.
Fig. 2. is another arrangement of my improved fans, right and left hand driven by
a pair of high speed engines, the arms or blades or impellers are curved and arranged
in a different manner from those in Fig. 1, any practical mechanic will understand
the difference and how to construct them, without my giving an explanation of the
mode of doing so, the form of the curve as well as the angle of the vanes I vary to
meet the requirements of the work to be done, as also the speed at which the fans
are driven and the pressure of air, or vacuum they may be required to produce.
Fig. 3 is an arrangement of my improved fans or exhausters specially designed for
use in the outlet of a funnel, shaft, or opening, the drawing shews it applied to the
funnel or chimney of a steam ship A. A. is the revolving head wheel or disc, working
upon cast steel or other very hard ball bearings which revolve with the fan or disc,
reduce friction and require little or no oil or other lubricant, motion is given to the
fan or wheel by small jets of steam B. B acting upon the arms, which are prepared
to receive the force of the small steam jets impinging upon them, or I provide where
required a circular rim or channel of the diameter of the fan, with suitable buckets or
recesses upon which the steam acts on the principle of a steam turbine. By this or like
means or by a current of electricity or compressed air, a very high velocity may be
given to the revolving fan A. A. and a vacuum or draught is produced in the funnel
or shaft C which can be increased or diminished by varying the speed at which the
fan is driven such speed being regulated by cocks or other contrivances upon the
pipes B (or wires for electricity which supply the motive power. The fan is kept in
place by the cross stays D. D. (the whole may be easily removed when desired) this
funnel or shaft is shown with an outer tube which I find of much advantage in many
ways.
Fig. 4 is an arrangement of my improved Fans adapted for use in the funnel or
uptake of Steam yachts launches torpedo boats &c. for increasing and improving the
draughts through the boilers it is also applicable for producing a draught or exhaustion
for ventilation or for any other like purpose.
Fig. 5 is another modification of the same showing how the construction may be
varied.
Fig. 6 is another modification of my improved fan or exhauster applied to the end
of a pipe funnel chimney ventilator or exhauster in this arrangement I introduce the
steam at the centre B of the fan C it is permitted to escape or is disebarged through
small openings D at the circumference of some or all of the blades of the fans (their
number may be varied) and by its reaction propels the fan at a high velocity the speed
can be varied by the pressure or velocity of the escaping steam or the quantity
permitted to pass through the openings. The steam used in these applications
Figs. 3. 4. 5, 6 is comparatively suiall and after having performed its work in driving
the fan it also produces a useful effect by its exhausting action, so that the steam is
utilised in both ways. In Figure 3 and 6 I show the fan supported working upon
ball bearings which can be used without oil. In Figs. 4 and 5 I show lubricated
bearings the ornamental tops being used as oil cups or chambers for retaining the
lubricating material.
Fig. 7 shews another arrangement of my improved Fan having the inlet in the
side opposite to that to which I attach the driving engine, the discharge being at the
periphery, the engine here made use of has cylinders placed at right angles to each
other, and coupled to the fan shaft, driving it direct, and very steadily.
The fans or revolving discs or wheels I place in any part of the ventilating shaft,
Where desired the vanes
funnel or uptake found most advantageous or convenient.
or arins can be constructed so as to move on a pivot, or axle, and the angle at which
they work may be varied.

page_text: The fans especially those shown in the figures 3. 4. 5. 6 may easily be driven by
currents of electricity or compressed air, in any of the ways well known to mechanical
and electric engineers.
The arms or blades of the fans may be moulded shaped pressed or struck up in
properly formed moulds or discs, they may be made of refined iron, steel copper, or
any other suitable metal, and if exposed to the action of impure gases may be electro-
typed or coated with such metals or compositions as may resist such corrosive or
injurious action.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
The improved construction of the arms or vanes of revolving fans blowers and
exhausters, and the modes of driving and applying them, arranged and combined,
substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
1
Π
JOHN HAYES,
Agent for Applicant: