IMPROVEMENTS IN RECEPTACLES INTENDED TO BE USED AS A PROTECTION FROM FIRE
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Duffey, of Chelsea, in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN RECEPTACLES
INTENDED TO BE USED AS A PROTECTION FROM FIRE."
Scaled the 30th August 1870, and dated the 9th March 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Duffey at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th March 1870.
I, JAMES DUFFEY, of Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RECEPTACLES
INTENDED TO BE USED AS A PROTECTION FROM FIRE," to be as follows:-
The improvements have for their object the construction and use of
receptacles of any convenient size or shape and of any suitable material
for protecting when exposed to fire any fluid or solid substance put
therein, and consists in so constructing such receptacles that they shall
be composed of an inner and outer case, such inner case being so con-
structed as to leave a space or passageway all round the sides, top, and
bottom, or nearly so, of such inner receptacle, and between it and its

page_text: outer receptacle or case, such space or passageway being for the purpose
of holding water or other suitable fluid to be inserted therein by means.
of an aperture in the outer receptacle, so that when the space above
described is charged with fluid, and the inner receptacle filled with gun-
powder or any other substance that is desired to be protected, the fluid
between the inner and outer receptacle may protect and keep cool from
the action of the fire or heat the substance which has been placed in
the inner receptacle, that is to say, may protect the said substance so
long as sufficient fluid remains to be evaporated in the space between
the outer and inner receptacle. And in carrying out my Invention the
outer and inner case may be made of metal or other suitable material,
and the inner and outer cases may be kept apart and at their proper
distance from one another by means of suitable distance pieces or
supports, the outer receptacle being furnished with holes at any desired
part to admit of the egress of the steam which may be generated by the
action of heat on the fluid contained in the space between the inner and
outer receptacles, such holes being furnished with grease or a com-
position that will melt at or about boiling point with a damper of felt,
linen, or similar substance, which though preventing the ingress of the
outer air allows the generated steam to pass freely out. If desired the
inner receptacle may be furnished with a lining of paper, felt, charcoal,
alum, or similar non-conductor.
Any convenient door or covering formed double and as above described
may be used with any suitable fastening.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 2
filed by the said James Duffey in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 6th September 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
Duffey, of Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting,
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 3
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said James Duffey, Her special licence,
that I, the said James Duffey, my executors, administrators, and 3

page_text: assigns, or such others as I, the said James Duffey, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
RECEPTACLES INTENDED TO BE USED AS A PROTECTION FROM FIRE," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said James Duffey, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Duffey, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :—
The improvements have for their object the construction and use of
receptacles of any convenient size or shape and of any suitable material
for protecting when exposed to fire any fluid or solid substance put
therein, and consist in so constructing such receptacles that they shall
be composed of an inner and outer case, such inner case being so con-
structed as to leave a space or passageway all round the sides, top, and
bottom, or nearly so, of such inner receptacle, and between it and its
outer receptacle or case, such space or passageway being for the purpose
of holding water or other suitable fluid or material to be inserted therein
by means of an aperture in the outer receptacle, so that when the space
above described is charged with material and the inner receptacle filled
with gunpowder or any other substance that is desired to be protected
the material between the inner and outer receptacle may protect and
keep cool from the action of the fire or heat the substance which has
been placed in the inner receptacle, that is to say, may protect the said
substance so long as sufficient material remains to be evaporated in
the space between the outer and inner receptacle. And in carrying
out my Invention the outer and inner case may be made of metal or
other suitable material, and the inner and outer cases may be kept apart
and at their proper distance from one another by means of suitable

page_text: distance pieces or supports, the outer receptacle being furnished with
holes at any desired part to admit of the egress of the steam which may
be generated by the action of the heat on the material contained in the
space between the inner and outer receptacles, such holes being furnished
with grease or a composition that will melt at or about boiling point with
a damper of felt, linen, or similar substance, which though preventing
the ingress of the outer air allows the generated steam to pass freely out.
If desired the inner receptacle may be furnished with a lining of paper
or felt. For the material to be inserted between the inner and outer
receptacle I sometimes use soda previously melted and rendered fluid,
which after its application is allowed to cool and become solid and so fill
up the space or passageway.
Any convenient door or covering formed double and as above described
may be used with any suitable fastening.
In witness whereof, the said James Duffey, has hereunto made
his mark in the presence of the subscriber, this Second day of
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and coronty
Exccuted in the presence of
E. MAYHEW,
67, Strand, London.
his
JAMES × DUFFEY. (L.S.)
mark.