Improvements in Stop Valves.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 28th June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 28th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 25th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stop Valves.
I, COLIN MACLAREN, of 18, Lurgan Street, Hammersmith, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
As the
My invention relates to improvements in that class of stop valves in which the
way is stopped or opened by sliding the valve proper into it or out of it with a
linear motion and in a direction at right angles with the axis of the way.
valves and their spindle mechanism have hitherto been made, the faces begin to
move over their respective seats as soon as the spindle mechanism is set in motion,
wearing them and itself accordingly, and scoring both, if any grit has been lodged
on either valve face or seat.
The object of the present invention is to provide for the valve faces to approach
and leave their seats in a line with the axis of the way. In carrying it into effect,
the two valve faces are provided by a pair of plates. These are connected to each
other by toggle joints. There are two joints, or preferably two sets of joints, one
above and one below the axis of the way. The outer ends of the links of both sets
are pivotted on the inner faces of the plates. The inner ends of those of the lower
set are pivotted to a butting plate which stands over an abutment formed upon the
bottom of the valve body, and those of the upper set to the end of a block in which
the spindle end is held in such a way that it can turn freely therein about its own
axis.
The inner and opposite faces of the plates carry stops adapted to meet each
other. Each face also carries a horizontal pin or stud adapted to engage with a
vertical guide. This latter is an edge bevelled or inclined from a point between
the valve spindle and the respective valve seat in the direction of the bottom of the
way. There is a stud and a guide on each side of a valve face. Their effect is to
compel the plates to commence or close the process of opening or shutting the
valve with a motion of approximation, so that it is impossible for the valve faces to
wear or score either themselves or their seats. When the spindle is screwed down,
the toggles are brought into action by the contact of the butting piece with the
abutment. The former may be and preferably is provided with a central downward
extension which engages in a vertical guide-way formed in the abutment, for the
purpose of preventing the spindle being bent by the pressure on one face of the
valve.
The toggle links may be connected with the spindle by pivotting their ends
respectively to two nuts which are engaged by opposite handed threads on the
spindle.
The spindle as well as the cap and stuffing box of the valve above described,
may be of any convenient construction, but when the spindle end carries the
opposite handed threads, I prefer that the top of the valve spindle and the means
for working it should be of the following construction.
The boss of the hand
wheel is held to the bridge piece on which it can turn freely. There is
provided a device by which the spindle top can be held to the wheel. This device
is used just before the commencement of the opening or the close of the motion of
shutting the valve for the purpose of imparting the required rotary motion to the
spindle. This device may consist of an angular recess in the top of the boss

page_text: around the spindle hole in combination with a square on the spindle top and a nut
to fit both and thereby hold them to each other.
Dated this 28th day of June 1893
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Stop Valves.
I, COLIN MACLAREN of No. 18 Lurgan Street, Hammersmith, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in that class of double faced stop valves
in which the way is stopped or opened by sliding the valve proper into it or out
of it with a linear motion and in a direction more or less at right angles with the
axis of the way.
As the valves and their spindle mechanism have hitherto generally been made,
the valve faces begin to move over their respective seats as soon as the spindle
mechanism is set in motion, wearing both valves and seats, and scoring them, if
any grit had lodged on either. According to the present invention, the valve
faces both leave and approach their respective seats in directions more or less
parallel with the axis of the valve way, so that the said wear and scoring become
impossible; the said motions of leaving and approaching the seats being effected
by improved toggle mechanism in such a way that both valve faces move at the
same rate, together, and in rectilinear directions either aligned or parallel with
each other.
In order that the invention and the best means for carrying it into practical
effect may be thoroughly understood, I will now describe it and them in detail,
referring in doing so to the accompanying drawings which are to be taken as part
of this Specification and read therewith.
Figure 1 is a part sectional side elevation of a stop valve constructed according
to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is an elevation of the internal face of a valve.
Figure 4 is a part sectional side elevation of a modification of the invention.
Figure 5 is a sectional elevation of a further modification of the same invention.
Figure 6 is a sectional front elevation taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 5.
Figure 7 is a part sectional side elevation of a further modification of the same
invention.
Figure 8 is a sectional front elevation taken on the line 8-8 of Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a sectional plan taken on the line 9-9 of Figure 7.
Figure 10 is a plan corresponding with Figures 7, 8, and 9.
All the above figures (excepting Figure 3) shew the valve stopped or closed.
a is the body of the valve; a' the way; a' the valve seats; b the detachable
cover; the stuffing box therein; c the spindle, and d the handwheel for working
the spindle. All the foregoing parts are of the usual construction with the
exception of the spindle and handwheel, which are, or may be, different to the
extent specified further on.
e, e are a pair of plates constituting the valves proper or the double-faced valve.
f is a toggle. Its outer ends are connected to the inner faces of the valves e, e,
respectively, by pivots f¹, f', which are set at a given distance above the axis of
the way a. The inner ends of the links of the toggle, constituting its knee, are
connected to a block 9 by pivots f, . The latter are shewn as set at equal

page_text: distances right and left of the axis of the follower, instead of the axis of the knee
intersecting a continuation of the axis of the follower. The block g receives the
bottom end c¹ of the follower which in a valve made according to my invention is
the spindle c. The said end c may be connected to the block 9 in any convenient
way so long as the former enjoys a rotary motion about its axis, as well as a linear
motion at right angles with the axis of the way a'; and the latter, the said linear
motion only. h is a second toggle. The outer ends of it are connected by pivots h¹
to the inner faces of the valves e symmetrically with reference to the axis of the
way a' and to the pivots f¹. The inner ends of the links of the toggle h, and which
ends constitute its knee, are connected to a butting piece by pivots h³ which stand
symmetrically with the pivots f' relatively to the respective axes of the way a¹
and the follower c. My invention does not limit me to the number of toggles on
each side of the axis of the way a¹. I have shewn the use of only one, and this I
consider sufficient for ordinary sizes of valves, but this detail may be varied. The
pivots f,, have their bearings on the pair of parallel ridges e on the backs of
the respective valves e; the pivots f, having theirs in the cheeks g', ¹ of the
block and butting plate i respectively. j is an abutment upon the bottom of the
valve body immediately under the said butting piece i.
e, e are a pair of stops upon the backs of the respective valves e. They stand
opposite each other and are long enough to prevent the valve faces being moved in
a line with the axis of the way a¹ away from their respective seats more than is
necessary to prevent them rubbing the said seats during their vertical motion in
either direction. The said motion of the valves away from their seats is caused by
the engagement of studs e which project from each side of a valve e, with the fixed
inclines k. The four studs et are all in the same plane and those on one valve e at
the same distance from the axis of the follower c as those on the other.
said inclines are the counterparts of each other in respect of position, length and
angle. They are formed upon bars k' which are held inside the body of the valve
in the respective positions illustrated, with the inclines k and the vertical edges k³
within the reach of the respective studs e*.
The
is a tripod standing upon the cover b, both being held to the valve body by
bolts and nuts which pass through the feet of the tripod, the cover and the top
flange a³ of the valve body. The boss of the tripod is bored to receive a nut (³.
The latter is turned down to enter the boss and is screwed internally to engage
with the screw thread c' of the valve spindle c. Further, it is made integral with
the hand wheel d. 13 is a holding ring which is held to the underside of the nut l
by a set screw, so that the only motion of which the handwheel is capable is one
of rotation about its axis.
The action of a valve constructed as above described with reference to Figures 1,
2, and 3, is as follows.
When the handwheel is turned in the direction of screwing the nut ² down, the
screw thread, the block g, and the knee of the top toggle fare raised. As soon
as the upward motion of the latter, as a whole, commences, the engagements of the
studs with the respective inclines k pull the valves e, e away from their seats
and towards each other, until the stops touch each other. The continued
rotation of the handwheel d lifts both valves e, e and toggles f and h up into the
trunk or upper portion of the valve body, the studs e riding up over the edges k³,
where they hang in the position indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 1.
When the hand wheel & is turned in the opposite direction, the valves e, toggles f
and h, and butting piece are lowered vertically into the valve way until the
butting piece rests upon the abutment j, at which moment the valves e will be
opposite their respective seats a' as much as is illustrated by the dotted lines in
Figure 4, after which the continued motion of the follower or spindle c compels the
pair of toggles fand to move the valves outwards towards their respective seats,
on to which they are forced.
Referring to Figure 4, the modification illustrated therein relates to the block 9,

page_text: the toggles and h, the butting piece i, and the abutment j. The block g_is
replaced by a bar g' having a central eye or socket which is passed over the
spindle c and to which it is held fast by a pin g. The butting piece i is replaced
by an eyed or socketed bar 3, the counterpart of the one just described, only there
is no fast pin connection between it and the spindle c, for it is necessary that the
bar should be able to move to some extent independently of the spindle. is a
button on the bottom end of the spindle c. Its object is to prevent the said bar i
dropping past the end of the spindle c when the valve is being opened. The
abutment is saddle-shaped and has a central opening ³ to allow the button c³ to
pass down through it as far as may be necessary to allow of the due extension of
the toggles. The ends of the bars y², are forked to receive the toggle links.
Further the stops e³, studs et, and inclines k are dispensed with, so that when the
e,
the
bar is raised in opening the valve, it is the combined weight of the valves
toggles f, h, and the bars 2 and 3, that pulls the valves e, e away from their
seats a³, a towards each other.
The
Referring to Figures 5 and 6; according to the modification illustrated therein,
a spindle or follower c is provided with a fork ct at its lower end. This fork is
long enough to receive the knees of the top and bottom toggles f and h, the axes
of the said knees thus intersecting the axis of the follower c. The special butting
piece or is dispensed with, the knee of the bottom toggle acting as one.
outer ends of the pivot 2 of the last-mentioned knee, are square and slide in
slots cut in the prongs of the fork e. The abutment of the construction
illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 is retained In this modification, too, the combined
weight of the valves and toggles is relied on as the agent for pulling the valves e
away from their seats a² towards each other.
With any of the modifications illustrated, I may use springs between the two
valves e, adapted to pull the latter off their seats preparatory to unstopping or
opening the valve.
с
The
The motion
Referring to Figures 7, 8, and 10; according to the modification illustrated
therein, the toggles and h are of the type illustrated in Figure 4 and described
therewith. The follower c has two screw-threads c, c' cut on it. These threads
are of opposite bands, one engaging in the corresponding threaded eye or socket of
the bar g, and the other with the corresponding threaded eye or socket of the
bar. The butting piece is an enlargement 23 near the end of the follower c.
abutment has a central hole formed in it to receive the said end.
of the valves e to or from their respective seats a² is, therefore, effected by the
engagement of the screw threads e, c' with their respective sockets. Hence, it
becomes necessary that the hand-wheel d and follower c should be locked together
during the time that the valves e are being moved to or from their respective
seats a or, in other words, so long as the screw threads c, c' are moving the
bars g, either towards each other or away from each other. To provide for this,
there is a cavity d¹ concentric with the axis of the spindle c, cut in the boss of the
hand-wheel d, and a square e formed upon the top end of the said spindle. is a
loose cap which fits exactly over the square c8 and in the cavity d'. As the latter
is any shape but round, the presence of the cap holds the spindle to the wheel, and
thereby prevents the rotation of the latter raising or lowering the said spindle.
Any other suitable means may be employed for making the cap lock the wheel and
spindle together. The engagement of the butting piece with the abutment j
indicates to the user of the valve that the hand wheel and spindle are to be locked
together to make the screw threads e, engage with their respective bars g², 2 to
move the valves e, e up to their respective seats a'; and that of the said bars with
the butting piece 3 and with the stop g' on the spindle c, that the valves e have
been pulled off their seats and that it is safe to lift them up into the upper portion
of the valve body.
Any other device which may be equivalent, for the purpose, to the combination
of cavity d, square and cap c³, may be substituted for the one described.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is:
1. The combination of two valves proper, their seats, a pair of toggles, and a
valve spindle and toggle follower, as set forth.
2. The combination of two valves, their seats, toggle mechanism for moving the
said valves up to and away from their seats and screw mechanism for lifting the
said valves out of or putting them into the valve way, as set forth.
3. The combination of valves, toggle mechanism for moving them up to and away
from their seats, screw mechanisms for actuating the toggle mechanism and for
lifting the said valves out of or for putting them into the valve way, and a device
for locking the said screw mechanisms together, as set forth.
Dated this 28th day of March 1894.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.