IMPROVEMENTS IN PAINT BRUSHES.
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PAINT BRUSHES.".
A communication from abroad by James Joseph Lowerre, of
Brooklyn, in the State of New York, United States of America.
-
Sealed the 14th October 1870, and dated the 16th June 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th June 1870.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PAINT BRUSHES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of paint
brushes, and consists in making the end of the handle to which the

page_text: bristles are to be connected about as large as the interior space of the
wire or other ferule used to bind the bristles together, and making
numerous small projections like pins or wedges on the end of the handle.
The handle instead of being wedged into the bristles at the centre from
the ends used in brushing (as in the common way), is cut across
transversely, and is fitted into or against the ferule and against the
bristles by driving the pins or projections into or among the mass of
bristles, so that the bristles are very firmly and uniformly wedged in
the ferule. At the same time the pins or projections and the end of the
handle may be secured to the bristles and to the ferule by any suitable
glue or size applied to both parts. This improved mode of attaching the
bristles and the handle is better than the common way, because the
large number of small wedges or pins used are distributed evenly
throughout the mass of bristles, thereby causing a firmer and more
secure packing, and the large space at the centre of the bristles behind
the large end of the handle when the latter is driven in in the usual
manner is avoided, so that the paint cannot collect and harden in
such space, and make the brushes worthless before they are otherwise
worn out.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 16th December 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Edward Newton, Her special
licence that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Edward
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter

page_text: during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PAINT BRUSHES," being a communication to me from
abroad by James Joseph Lowerre, of Brooklyn, in the State of New
York, United States of America, upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that
is to say):-
This Invention relates to that class of brushes in which the bristles or
hairs are secured to the butt end of a handle by string, wire, or other
ligatures which compress the bristles around the projecting part of the
butt end. These brushes are generally employed for painting, varnishing,
or other analogous purposes, and the object of the Invention is to
effectually and securely hold the hairs or bristles and prevent them from
becoming detached from the handle. The Invention consists in making
the end of the handle to which the bristles are to be connected about as
large as the interior space of the wire or other ferrule used to bind the
bristles together, and also in the use of or the application of numerous.
small projections like pins or wedges or other analogous devices to the
end of the handle, which instead of a single pointed end being wedged
into the bristles at the centre (from the ends used in brushing) as in
the common way. In carrying out the Invention the butt end of the
handle is cut across perpendicular to the long axis, and is fitted into or
against the ferrule and against the bristles by driving the said pins or
projections into the bristles, so that they are very firmly and uniformly.
wedged in the ferrule. At the same time the said projecting pins. and

page_text: the end of the handle may be secured to the bristles and to the ferrule
by any suitable glue or size applied to both parts.
This improved mode of attaching the bristles to the handle is better
than the common way because the large number of small wedges or
pins used are distributed evenly throughout the mass of bristles, and
thereby cause a firmer and more secure packing, and the large space at
the centre of the bristles behind the large end of the handle when
driven in as above described is avoided. In the large space formed at
the centre of the brush in the ordinary construction the paint collects
and hardens and makes the brushes worthless before they are otherwise
worn out. The improvements hereafter more particularly described
may be adapted to all brushes which are constructed upon the principle
above mentioned.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the
bristles confined in the ferrule and the handle previous to those parts:
being connected together; Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the brush
when completed, and Fig. 3 is an end view of the handle.
A represents the bristles, and B the ferrule in which they are bound
in a bunch previous to being attached to the handle C, which is made
with the enlarged end D provided with the pins or wedges E projecting
from the butt end of the handle. These pins E are to be driven into
the ends of the bristles which are packed in the ferrule. The handle
with the enlarged end may be made in any approved way, for instance,
it may be turned up in a lathe from one piece of wood or other
substance, and the pins or wedges may be made of either wood or
metal, and may be driven into holes made in the head D in any approved
way.
In order effectually to secure the parts together the projecting pins E,
as well as the face of the enlarged butt end D of the handle may be
coated with glue or other adhesive composition previous to the pins
being forced in between the bristles.
Having now described the Invention which has been communicated
to me by my foreign correspondent, I claim as the Invention secured to
me by Letters Patent as aforesaid, securing the bristles to the enlarged
end of the handle of brushes by means of a group of small pins, wedges,

page_text: We can end, and driven into
the bristles as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Fifteenth day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)