AN. IMPROVED HORSE SHOE
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Josiah Bradlee Kendall, of Boston, in the State-
of Massachusetts, United States of America, for the Invention of "AN.
IMPROVED HORSE SHOE."
Sealed the 6th May 1862, and dated the 1st March 1862:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Josiah Bradlee Kendall.
at the Office of the Commissioners. of Patents, with his Petition, on the,
1st March 1862.
I, JOSEPH BRADLEE KENDALL, of Boston, in the State of Massachusetts,.
United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for:
"AN IMPROVED HORSE SHOE," to be as follows:-
My present Invention consists of an improved compound or duplicate horse
shoe, one part of which is secured to the hoof by nails in the ordinary manner,
and is intended to be removed only when the growth of the hoof renders it
necessary whilst the outer or supplemental shoe is made removeable, and is.
furnished with calks to prevent the horse from slipping, the two parts being.
secured together in a manner to be hereafter more particularly described. I
am aware that a plain shoe has been attached to a horse's foot, and to this a
plate of steel or iron, entirely covering the sole of the foot, has been secured;
but this plan was objectionable, as the dirt was liable to collect under the
plate, and the smooth plate did not give the horse that hold with his feet
which he obtains from the calks of an ordinary shoe, and which is so requisite
on icy and muddy pavements. I am also aware that the screw calks. which
are used to prevent the horse from slipping have been made removeable,
being screwed into the shoe, but this did not attain all the advantages which I
claim for my improved shoe.
The permanent shoe, as I term it, is by preference made of an uniform

page_text: thickness, but with the web wider at the toe than at the heels; this shoe is
nailed to the hoof in the ordinary manner, the heads of the nails being coun-
tersunk into the face of the shoe, and left flush with its outer surface. Holes
are drilled in this shoe to receive steady pins, and other holes are also cut with
a female screw to receive screws, to be presently described.
The outer or supplementary shoe is furnished with a toe calk welded on in
the usual manner, and with two heel calks formed by bending over and
hammering down the metal; it has holes punched or drilled through it cor-
responding in position with the screw holes in the upper shoe, and has pro-
jecting from its upper surface steady pins which enter the holes formed to
receive them in the permanent shoe. The permanent shoe and the outer
shoe are made to match in general contour and dimensions, and after the
former has been nailed to the hoof, the latter is secured to it in the
following manner:-"Spur calks," made by preference of steel, are formed
with a square shoulder to receive a hand wrench, by which they are turned,
the head tapering from this shoulder in a pyramidal or conical form to a
point, and with a shank furnished with a screw at its end to fit the screw hole
of the inner or permanent shoe (it would not do for this shank to screw into
the outer shoe, as in case of its breaking the two plates could not be easily
detached.) The outer shoe is applied to the upper or permanent shoe, and
the "spur calks" are screwed up tight, thus binding the two parts firmly
together. Sharp calks are used when necessary to prevent the horse from
slipping on ice; at other times a square-headed calk may be employed. It
would not answer to depend on these "spur calks " alone to bear the strain
to which the shoe is subjected; I therefore use the steady pins, above men-
tioned, to take the strain off from the screw shanks of the removeable calks,
and have the permanent toe and heel calks to hold the horse when pulling
forward or holding back, whilst the removeable or additional side calks
prevent him from slipping sidewise, particularly when turning a corner, or
when travelling where the road inclines laterally. The toe and heel calks may
be made dull when not required for icy roads.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Josiah Bradlee Kendall in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 1st September 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSIAH 3
BRADLEE KENDALL, of Boston, in the State of Massachusetts, United States
of America, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of March, in the year of our Lord
1862, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs
and successors, givo and grant unto me, the said Josiah Bradlee Kendall,
Her special licence that I, the said Josiah Bradleo Kendall, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Josiah Bradleo
Kendall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED HORSE SHOE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Josiah Bradlee Kendall, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their bands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calender months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Josiah Bradlee Kendall, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
Fig. 1 is a view of my improved shoe, applied to the foot of a horse.
Fig. 2 a longitudinal vertical section of the same. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, views
of the several parts.
My present Invention consists of an improved compound or duplicate horse
shoe, one part of which is secured to the hoof by nails in the ordinary manner
and is intended to be removed only when the growth of the hoof renders it
necessary, whilst the outer or supplemental shoe is made removable, and is
furnished with calks to prevent the horse from slipping, the two parts being
secured together in a manner to be hereafter more particularly described. I
am aware that a plain shoe has been attached to a horse's foot, and to this
a plate of steel or iron, entirely covering the sole of the foot, has been secured.
But this plan was objectionable as the dirt was liable to collect under
the plate, and the smooth plate did not give the horse that hold with his
feet, which he obtains from the calks of an ordinary shoe, and which is so
requisite on icy and muddy pavements. I am also aware that the screw
calks, which are used to prevent the horse from slipping, have been made

page_text: removable, being screwed into the shoe, but this did not attain all the advan-
tages which I claim for my improved shoe.
That others skilled in the art may understand, and use my Invention, I will
proceed to describe the manner in which I have carried it out..
In the said Drawings A, Fig. 3, is the permanent shoe, as I term it, which
is of preference made of an uniform thickness, but with the web wider at the
toe than at the heels; this shoe-is, nailed to the hoof in the ordinary manner,
the heads of the nails being counter-sunk into the face of the shoe, as.
shown in red in Fig. 2, and left flush with its outer surface. Holes a
are drilled in this shoe to receive pins, and holes- cut with a female screw,
to receive screws, to be presently described. B, Fig. 4 is the outer or supple-.
mentary shoe, which is furnished with a toe calk c, welded on in the usual
manner, and with two heel calks d, formed by bending over and hammering.
down the metal, it has holes e punched or drilled through it, corresponding in
position with the screw holes 6 of the upper shoe, and has projecting from its
upper surface "steady pins "f, which enter the holes a of the shoe A. The
two pieces A and B are made to match in general contour and dimensions, and
after the former has been nailed to the hoof, the latter is secured to it in the
following manner:-" "Spur calks" D, detached in Fig. 5, made by preference
of steel, are formed with a square shoulder at i to receive a hand wrench by
which they are turned, the head tapering from this shoulder in a pyramidal.
or conical form to a point at o, and a shank m furnished with a screw at its
end to fit the screw hole 6 of the inner plate A, (it would not do for this
shank to screw into the outer shoe B also, as in case of its breaking the two
plates could not be easily detached). The shoe B is applied to the plate or
upper shoe A, and the "spur calks" are screwed up tight, thus binding the two
parts firmly together. The sharp calks, Fig. 5, are used when necessary to pre-
vent the horse from slippling on ice, at other times a square-headed calk, Fig. 6,
may be employed. It would not answer to depend on these "spur-calks " alone
to bear the strain to which the shoe is subjected, I therefore use the steady
pins f to take the strain off from the screw shanks m of the removable calks,
and have the permanent toe and heel calks c, d, to hold the horse when
pulling forward or holding back, whilst the removable or additional side calks
D prevent him from slipping sideways, particularly when turning a corner,
or when travelling where the road inclines laterally. The calks c, d, may be
made dull when not required for icy roads. I will here mention some of the
advantages which I consider that my improved shoe possesses over any others
with which I am acquainted:-
The outside or supplemental shoe may be easily removed or replaced by the

page_text: groom, without the necessity of sending the horse to a blacksmith, this permits
the horse to have the advantage of the sharp calks when icy or slippery roads
require it, and these can be quickly removed, and the horse stand at case, and
in a natural position in his stall on a flat plain shoe, avoiding the danger of
his injuring himself with the sharp calks as many horses frequently do, and
when the outer shoe or its calks are to be changed or repaired, this may be
done without injury to the horse's foot, the inner shoo or plate only being
taken off, and replaced when the growth of the hoof requires it. The heads
of the nails which secure the inner shoe to the hoof being protected by the
outer shoe are not liable to be driven up by the horso striking the head of
a nail on a stone, thus loosening the clinch, and permitting the shoe to work
loose. These advantages will be appreciated by all who own or have the care
of horses, particularly by the officers and men of an army, where troops are
frequently removed from or deprived of the proper facilities for shoeing, and
where they may be prevented from moving from place to place by a sudden
change of temperature covering the roads with ice, and in this latter case,
even with the best facilities for shoeing it would require a long time to remove
the ordinary shoes, and replace them with sharpened calks on a considerable
number of horses.
Having now set forth the nature of this Invention, and explained the
manner of carrying the same into effect. I wish it to be understood that
under the above recited Letters Patent, I claim the combination of the inner
shoc A with the outer or supplemental shoe B when the latter is furnished with
permanent toe and heel calks c, d, and secured to the inner shoe substantially
as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Josiah Bradlee Kendall, have hereunto set
JOSIAH BRADLEE KENDALL. (L.S.)
Witness,
Tuo. R. RoACII,
13, Exchange St., Boston, Mass, U. S. A.
P. E. Teschemacher.