Improvements in Regulating Apparatus for Refrigerating or Freezing Machines Working with Volatile Liquids.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 1st July, 1892-Accepted, 6th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL DEPTUALION
Improvements in Regulating Apparatus for Refrigerating or Freezing
Machines Working with Volatile Liquids.
We, LOUIS STERNE, and THOMAS ROBERTS MURRAY, of The Crown Iron
Works, North Woodside Road, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows,
that is to say :-
Our said invention has for its object the prevention automatically of certain.
objectionable actions which may take place in machines for refrigerating or freezing.
by means of volatile liquids.
In machines of the kind referred to the refrigerating or freezing action is due to
the volatilisation and expansion of liquid ammonia, or liquid carbonic acid, or ether,
or other analogous agent, the volatilised agent after acting being returned to com-
pressing pumps and to a cooling tubular or other receiver to be restored to the
liquid condition. In some cases when the regulation, which is ordinarily effected
by hand, is imperfect it is possible for the agent to return to the pumps in an
imcompletely expanded state, or occasionally even in the liquid form, and for it to
expand when being drawn into the pumps and occasion inconvenience and trouble.
In carrying out our invention we apply automatic regulating mechanism to the
cock, or valve through which the agent, in its liquid condition passes to the expansion
apparatus. For this purpose the return pipe by which the agent passes back to the
pumps is connected to a shallow circular chamber closed by a diaphragm of thin
steel, or other suitable metal carefully secured with lead-packed or other suitable
joints through which the agent cannot leak. The middle of the diaphragm is
connected by a link to a lever fixed on the spindle of the cock or valve in such a
manner as to cause the closing or opening of the cock or valve accordingly as the
pressure of the returning agent rises or falls. The connection of the link with the
lever, is, by preference, made minutely adjustable, not only as regards the effective'
length of the link but also as regards the point of action on the lever.
Dated this Seventh day of November 1891.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Regulating Apparatus for Refrigerating or Freezing
Machines Working with Volatile Liquids.
We, LOUIS STERNE, and THOMAS ROBERTS MURRAY, of The Crown Iron
Works, North Woodside Road, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, that is to say :-
Our said invention has for its object the prevention automatically of certain
objectionable actions which may take place in machines for refrigerating or freezing
by means of volatile liquids.
In machines of the kind referred to the refrigerating or freezing action is due
to the volatilisation and expansion of liquid ammonia, or liquid carbonic acid,
or ether, or other analogous agent, the volatilised agent, after acting, being
returned to compressing pumps, and to a cooling tubular or other receiver to be

page_text: restored to the liquid condition. In some cases when the regulation which is
ordinarily effected by hand, is imperfect, it is possible for the agent to return to the
pumps in an incompletely expanded state, or occasionally even in the liquid form,
and for it to expand when being drawn into the pumps and occasion inconvenience
and trouble.
In carrying out our invention we apply automatic regulating mechanism to the
cock or valve, through which the agent in its liquid condition passes to the expansion
apparatus. For this purpose the return pipe by which the agent passes back to the
pumps is connected to a shallow circular chamber, closed by a diaphragm of thin
steel or other suitable metal, carefully secured with lead-packed or other suitable
joints through which the agent cannot leak. The middle of the diaphragm is
connected by a link to a lever, fixed on the spindle of the cock or valve in such a
manner as to cause the closing or opening of the cock or valve, accordingly as the
pressure of the returning agent rises or falls.
And in order that our said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood, we hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings
to be hereinafter referred to, and showing an example of our improved regulating
apparatus for refrigerating or freezing machines working with volatile liquids.
Figure, 1, of the drawings is a front elevation and Figure, 2, a side elevation
with the shallow circular chamber and diaphragm shown in section.
In these drawings the same reference letters and numerals are used to mark the
same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
The return pipe (not shown) by which the volatile agent passes back to the
pumps is connected to a flanged inlet pipe, A, communicating with a shallow
circular chamber, B, closed by a diaphragm, C, of thin steel or other suitable
material, carefully secured with joints, D, through which the agent cannot leak.
There are two annular joints, D, the inner of which is preferably packed with lead
the outer one being packed with a more compressible material such as rubber. The
diaphragm, C, is held in position by means of a covering ring, B', which is
fixed to the circular chamber, B, by means of the bolts, B². To the middle of the
diaphragm, C, a boss, E, is fixed by screws, F, the joint, G, being made with lead
or other suitable material so as to prevent any leakage of the volatile agent ; and
the boss, E, has jointed to it by a pin, H, a link, J, which is connected to a lever, K,
fixed on the spindle, L, of the regulating cock or valve, M, in such a manner as to
cause the closing or opening of the cock or valve accordingly as the pressure of the
returning volatile agent rises or falls within the circular chamber, B. The cock or
valve, M, is carried by a bracket, M', which is fixed to the ring or cover, B¹, by
some of the bolts, B². The connection of the link, J, with the lever, K, is made
minutely adjustable, as regards the effective length of the link, by means of a
movable grooved block, N, which fits in counterpart grooves in the sides of a
slot, P, formed in the link; and the connection of the link with the lever, K, is also
made minutely adjustable, as regards the point of action on the lever, by means of a
pin, Q, which projects through an eye in the block, N, and which can be adjusted
in a slot or fork, R, formed in the lever, K, the pin, Q, being fixed by a screw
nut, Q. A pointer, S, is attached to the spindle, L, of the cock or valve, M, and
in licates on a graduated plate, T, fixed to the body of the cock, the extent of
opening of the cock or valve at any particular moment. A screwed pin, V, working
in the end of the link, J, is used for pinching the movable block, P, and for
facilitating the operation of adjustment.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
In regulating apparatus for refrigerating or freezing machines working with
volatile liquids the combination of a chamber such as, B, having a diaphragm, C,
movable by the pressure of the volatile agent returning to the pumps and connected

page_text: to the valve controlling the passage of the volatile agent into the expansion
apparatus, such connection being by a link and a lever and the length of the link
and the point of action on the lever being minutely adjustable substantially as
hereinbefore described.
Dated this Thirtieth day of June 1892
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.