IMPROVE- MENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th November 1864.-A communication from abroad by Jules Mathieu,
of Wasigny, Ardennes, France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of the Firm of John Gedge and Son, of
No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PUMPS," (a communication to me from abroad by Jules Mathieu, of
Wasigny, Ardennes, France), to be as follows:-
On the annexed Sheet of Drawing, forming part of this Provisional Specifi-
cation, Figure 1 shews the exterior of the pump barrel, and Figure 2 a
vertical, section.
The improvements on the ordinary pump consist in a receiver a, a,
(Figure 2), into which penetrates a tube t, t, fixed at t and terminating at t¹.
It is isolated in the receiver, and presents a solution of continuity with the
suction pipe t". This very simple arrangement permits the use of a suction
pipe (t) of a section one half less than that of the tube t, t¹, yet, nevertheless,
giving a quantity of water equal to that which would be given by an ordinary
pump having a suction pipe of equal section with the tube t, t¹. For example,
suppose that after a certain number of piston strokes the water has been
raised to h, which we will suppose at its maximum height in the receiver

page_text: where the vacuum will be all the more perfect however the more the ascending
column of water is elevated above the level of the reservoir, or in other words,
will be nearer forming equilibrium with an atmospheric column of the same
base. If, therefore, the water having reached h, another stroke of the piston
be given, half of the volume of water which will have penetrated into the
pump barrel above the valves will be furnished by the receiver, and the
other half by the suction pipe t". There has therefore left the receiver during
the ascent of the piston p, to rise in the pump barrel, a volume of water double
that which the suction pipe (" has been able to produce. The result is,
therefore, that during this ascension the water level in the receiver has
lowered, and that, consequently, the air which it enclosed must have dilated so
that the atmospheric pressure during the time of the descent of the piston has
caused the water to rise again nearly to h, because it takes an equal time to
execute its ascent or descent. I have said nearly to h, because, from experi-
ment made with a glass receiver in order to study the course of the liquid, it
has been ascertained that with tubes the one double the section of the other,
there is still an ascensional movement. It is therefore a saving of power
applied to the lever of the piston, inasmuch as it is no longer necessary to
overcome at each stroke the total setting in motion of the liquid in the section
pipe.
The piston used in this Invention in shewn Figure 2*, and in section at
Figure 5.
This piston is composed of four principal parts, namely, firstly, of a circular
cast-iron plate (Figure 4) pierced besides the central hole c, intended to
receive the piston rod with four openings n, n, n, n, intended to allow the
water to penetrate above the piston; this plate is shown in section at a, a,
Figure 5.
. Secondly, of a cylindrical leather (Figure 1*) its base acting as piston, and
also pierced with five, openings c³, n³, n³, n³, n³, intended for the same purpose
as those Figure 4, with which they correspond exactly; the section of this
cylindrical leather is shewn at b, b, Figure 5, and it is seen in front view at
Figure 2*.
Thirdly, of a second circular cast-iron plate (Figure 6) also pierced with
five openings c, n¹, n¹¹, n¹, n¹, equal to the preceding, and corresponding
with those Figures. 1 and 4, the section is also shewn at d, d, (Figure 5).
These three pieces are arranged as shewn, Figure 5; they are further placed
so that their four other openings correspond exactly. A nut e, e, at the end
of the rod t, t, (Figures 2* and 5) serve to maintain them in a fixed and
invariable position.

page_text: Fourthly, and lastly, of a circular valve r, r, also of cast iron (Figure 3)
traversed, easily following its axis by the piston rod, as shewn in section
at r', r', Figure 5. When the piston p (Figures 2 and 2*) lowers in the
pump barrel the water (we suppose it to have arrived) penetrates above the
piston by the four openings made in it by lifting the valve which slides along
the rod from v to v'. When, on the contrary, it rises, the valve lowers, stops
the four openings, and produces the same effect as a hinge valve.