Improvements in Sectional Water-tube Steam Boilers.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Dec., 1895
02
1
1000
4000
Date of Application, 24th Dec., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Sept., 1890 Accepted, 24th Oct., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sectional Water-tube Steam Boilers.
We, WALTER CHAPMAN BURDER, and ALFRED WILLIAM NEWSOM BURDER,
of the Firm of Messenger and Company, Horticultural Builders and Engineers, and
JOHN MORRIS NEWTON, Mechanical Engineer, all of the Midland Horticultural
Works, Loughborough, in the County of Leicester, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in water tube sectional steam boilers or
generators for steam heating and power purposes and is designed to provide a
safety boiler or one non-liable to explosion and more efficient than many at present
in use.
It consists essentially in constructing the boiler with a number or series of water
drums or cylindrical boxes and a corresponding series of steam drums or cylindrical
boxes connected together in pairs by water-tubes through which the water circulates
from one to the other, all the water drums being connected together by other
horizontal, vertical or inclined circulating pipes or tubes and all the steam drums
being similarly connected together and with one or more supplementary horizontal
or approximately horizontal cylindrical water chambers and horizontal or approxi-
mately horizontal cylindrical steam chambers in which the steam can collect such
additional horizontal chambers being also connected independently by vertical
horizontal, or inclined pipes or tubes with the water drums and also being similarly
connected to the horizontal steam chambers.
In carrying out the invention we construct a number of water drums which we
place in a longitudinal line or series near to the bottom of the structure and a
corresponding number of steam drums which we place similarly near the top. The
number of these pairs or sets of drums are dependent upon the size or required
capacity of the boiler. The steam drums are placed above the water drums and
they are connected together through their inner or opposite ends by a group or
considerable number of water tubes through which the water circulates from one
drum to the other as it is heated. Each steam drum and each water drum is
provided with an internal diaphragm plate or the like projecting from its inner end
and extending diametrically across it to direct the flow or current of the circulating
water. The steam and water drums are placed in pairs relatively to each other so
that the groups of connecting water tubes may be in either an inclined curved or
vertical position. The circulation of the water between each pair of steam and
water drums is upwards through the front half of the group of water tubes (those
Dearest the fire) and downwards through the other or back half of the tubes (those
farthest from the fire).
The whole of the steam and water drums and chambers together with the greater
portion of their connecting circulating pipes are built into or enclosed in a suitable
furnace or casing which may be either of brickwork with a fire-brick lining or
constructed of a single or double casing of sheet or cast iron with suitable non-
conducting air spaces between the inner and the outer casing or having a lining of
any suitable fire-proof non-conducting material and the flames or heated gases
arising from the combustion of the fuel are caused to play around and impinge
upon the several groups of water tubes and also upon the under surfaces of the
horizontal steam and water chambers, baffle plates being placed in suitable positions
to direct the flames.

page_text: In addition to the groups of water tubes connecting the water drums with the
steam drums in pairs all the water drums are connected together primarily by
horizontal circulating pipes placed beneath the bottom ends of the water drums
and these pipes also act as mud drums and blow out pipes from or to which also
inclined or vertical circulating pipes connect these horizontal pipes with other
supplementary borizontal, cylindrical water chambers preferably placed at any
convenient level in the longitudinal spaces on each side of the boiler between the
fire and the outer casing walls.
All the steam drums are likewise connected together by horizontal or other
circulating pipes and with one or more additional horizontal cylindrical steam
chambers or boxes in which the dry steam may collect and from which it may be
drawn off.
The circulating pipes which connect the water drums together and the horizontal
steam and water chambers together are also themselves connected together by
other pipes running vertically, longitudinally, transversely or horizontally in such
a manner as to act also as tubular braces so that the entire boiler when built
together forms a rigid self-sustaining structure independently of the furnace
casing in which it is enclosed.
The boiler may be constructed in various types according to the requirements of
situation in which it is to be placed.
The "diagonal type" of boiler which we prefer for ordinary purposes, consists
of one row or series each of water and steam drums with the groups of water tubes
which connect them inclined diagonally with additional horizontal cylindrical water
chambers at one or both sides and a main horizontal cylindrical steam chamber
placed at a suitable altitude preferably on that side of the water tubes furthest
from the fire the fuel chamber or fire box being formed on one side by the inclined
groups of water tubes and drums on the other side by the outer casing or wall and
on the top by the water end or bottom of the steam drums and by the supplementary
horizontal longitudinal water chamber or chambers.
The "marine type" of boiler is constructed similar to the "diagonal type" but
in duplicate with the groups of water tubes either inclined or curved towards each
other at the top the furnace being placed between and the flues or smoke passages
leading off from the back at each side to the front of the boiler.
In the "diagonal" and "marine" types of boiler the flames and heated gases
from the furnace are by suitably placed baffle plates first caused to travel along
and underneath the row or series of inclined water tubes and drums to the last pair
or pairs of drums towards the back end of the furnace thence passing at a right
angle through the spaces between the group of water tubes connecting the last pair
or pairs of drums and returning in a parallel direction under the main horizontal
steam chamber or chambers to the front of the boiler and thence to the chimney.
6
The vertical type" of boiler is constructed with the groups of water tubes and
drums vertical and either with four or more pairs of drums with a space between
for the fuel chamber or fire box and with a main horizontal longitudinal cylindrical
steam chamber in the centre immediately above the fuel chamber and forming the
top thereof.
In this "vertical type" of boiler a horizontal baffle plate is fixed or suspended
over the furnace and between it and the main horizontal steam drum and extending
nearly to the back wall of the furnace or fire box and the flames or heated gases
from the furnace are thereby first caused to impinge upon the groups of vertical
water tubes and water drums and thence pass backwards and upwards behind the
back end of the horizontal baffle plate and return forward again underneath the
main horizontal steam chamber thence escaping upwards again on each side through
the available spaces between the vertical steam drums (which spaces occur from the
normal relative position to each other which the drums occupy on each side) to the
top side of the main horizontal steam-drum and backwards again horizontally along.
the top of the latter and finally passing downwards at the back end thereof at
which point the products of combustion escape into the chimney. 1.

page_text: Another type or modification of boiler may be constructed by arranging the
groups of water tubes and drums in an inclined diagonal or curved position on one
side and in a vertical position at the other the fuel chamber or fire box being
formed in the space between the diagonal and vertical sides.
The boilers may be constructed of any required size or capacity by providing a
greater or less number of steam and water drums and their connecting water tubes
and by proportionately increasing the length of the main horizontal steain chamber
or chambers and also of the supplementary horizontal water chambers.
The front ends of all the horizontal water or steam chambers preferably project
outwards through the front wall of the casing thereby providing suitable and easily
accessible surfaces for the usual and necessary boiler mountings, steam and water
valves and other various steam and water connections and the whole of the steam
and water connecting pipes and tubular braces are so arranged as to be connected
only into the ends of the various steam and water drums and cylindrical steam and
water chambers thereby avoiding any weakening of the cylindrical shells of the
drums or cylinders by side connections and providing a more compact and accessible
structure than could be otherwise obtained.
The whole of the circulating connecting pipes (except the water tubes between
the steam and water drums) are preferably provided with suitable flanges bolted
together so that the various sections of the boiler may easily be coupled together
or taken to pieces for transport or repairs and the circulating pipes which occur in
front of the boiler are preferably placed outside the casing or furnace of the boiler
for convenience of access for connections which arrangement also promotes a
downward circulation of the water as on the other hand the circulating pipes at
the back of the boiler-being placed inside the casing or furnace-promote an
upward circulation of the water owing to their higher temperature this movement
combined with the similar and independent circulation of water through each of
the water tube sections resulting in a rapid general circulation throughout the
boiler in a positive and ascertained direction thereby ensuring a continuously
quick generation of steam.
Dated this 23rd day of December 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
Improvements in Sectional Water-tube Steam Boilers.
We, WALTER CHAPMAN BURDER, and ALFRED WILLIAM NEWSOM
BURDER, of the Firm of Messenger and Company, Horticultural Builders and
Engineers, and JOHN MORRIS NEWTON, Mechanical Engineer, all of the
Midland Horticultural Works, Loughborough, in the County of Leicester, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in water tube sectional steam boilers or
generators for steam heating and power purposes and is designed to provide a
safety boiler or one non-liable to explosion and having a relatively large furnace
or fire box and more efficient than many at present in use.
It consists essentially in constructing the boiler with a number or series of water
drums or cylindrical boxes and a corresponding series of steam drums or cylindrical
boxes connected together in pairs by water tubes through which the water
circulates froin one to the other all the water drums being connected together by
other horizontal, vertical or inclined circulating pipes or tubes and all the steam
drums being similarly connected together and with one or more supplementary

page_text: or approximately horizontal cylindrical steam chambers in which the steam can
collect such additional horizontal chambers being also connected independently by
vertical horizontal, or inclined pipes or tubes with the water drums and also being
similarly connected to the horizontal steam chambers.
It will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
as an example a single sided boiler with three sets of drums is illustrated.
Fig. 1. Side elevation with brick work setting removed.
Fig. 2. Transverse sectional elevation on line -y Fig. 1.
Fig. 3. Front elevation.
Fig. 4. Back elevation.
We construct the apparatus with a number of water drums A which we place in
a row at the bottom of the structure and with a corresponding number or series of
steam drums B placed at or near the top the two sets or series of drums being
connected by tubes C.
The number and size of these sets of drums are dependent upon the size or
required capacity of the boiler. In the example shewn three sets are shewn placed
at one side constituting a single boiler. The boiler nay however be duplicated by
placing a similar set of three or more down the opposite side. The steam drums B
are placed above the water drums A. and they are connected together by a group
or considerable number of water tubes C through which the water circulates from
one drum to the other as it is heated, the tubes C being attached to the adjacent
ends of the respective drums. Each steam drum B and each water drum A is
provided with an internal diaphragm plate D or the like projecting from its inner
end and extending diametrically across it to direct the flow or current of the
circulating water. The steam and water drums are placed in pairs relatively to
each other so that the groups of connecting water tubes C may be in either an
inclined curved or vertical position. The circulation of the water between each
pair of steam and water drums is upwards through the front half of the group of
water tubes (those nearest the fire) and downwards through the other or back half
of the tubes (those farthest from the fire).
At one side of the steam drums B at a level below the top thereof. we place a
supplementary cylindrical water chamber E in the longitudinal space above the
fire bars G and between the steam drums B and the outer casing or wall H.
At the other sides of the steam drums B at a level extending approximately to
the top of the drums B we place one or more additional horizontal cylindrical
steam chambers F in which dry steam may collect and from which the steam is
drawn off. The cylindrical steam chamber is situated between the drums A. and
the other wall or casing K.
In addition to the groups of water tubes C connecting the water drums with the
steam drums in pairs all the water drums A are also connected together by
horizontal circulating pipes L placed beneath the bottom ends of the water drums
and these pipes also act as mud drums and blow out pipes. The water chamber E
is connected to the horizontal circulating pipes L and through them with the water
drums A by the upright water pipes M.
All the steam drums B are connected together by the longitudinal steam pipe N
which also connects by the branch pipe n with the steam chamber F. The water
space in the steam chamber F is also connected to the horizontal circulating pipes L
by the upright water pipes M' and these two pipes are connected below their
respective chambers by the horizontal cross pipe m.
These or other circulating pipes which connect several parts of the apparatus
are so placed or connected in such a manner as to also act as tubular braces so
that the entire boiler when built together forms a rigid self-sustaining structure
independently of the furnace casing in which it is enclosed.
A baffle plate P is, placed along one side of the water tubes C and another R
above between the steam drums B and chambers E and F to direct the course of
the heated gases and products of combustion. Another vertical baffle plate is

page_text: placed longitudinally under the centre of the horizontal steam drum F so as to
cause the heated gases from the furnace to traverse the entire length of the
underside of the steam drum F twice before escaping into the chimney.
The steam and water drums A and 13 and chambers E and F together with the
greater portion of their connecting circulating pipes are built into or enclosed in a.
suitable furnace or casing H K which may be either of brickwork with a fire brick
lining or constructed of a single or double casing of sheet or cast iron with suitable
nonconducting air spaces between the inner and the outer casing or having a lining.
of any suitable fireproof nonconducting material and the flames or heated gases
arising from the combustion of the fuel are caused to play aroun1 and impinge
upon the several groups of water tubes C and also upon the under surfaces of the
horizontal steam and water chambers E and F baffle plates P and R being placed
in suitable positions to direct the flames.
The boiler may be constructed in various types according to the requirements of
situation in which it is to be placed. We at present prefer the type or form of
construction illustrated in the drawings which we designate the "diagonal" type.
The marine type" of boiler is in construction very similar to the "diagonal
type" but in duplicate with the groups of water tubes either inclined or curved
towards each other at the top the furnace being placed between and the flues or
smoke passages leading off from the back at each side to the front of the boiler.
In the diagonal" and "marine" types of boiler the flames and heated gases.
from the furnace are by suitably placed baffle plates first caused to travel along
and underneath the row or series of inclined water tubes and drums to the last pair
or pairs of drums towards the back end of the furnace thence passing at a right
angle through the spaces between the group of water tubes connecting the last
pair or pairs of drums and returning in a parallel direction under the main
horizontal steam chamber or chambers on the inner side thereof to the front of the
boiler and back again on the outer side thereof and thence to the chimney.
The vertical type" of boiler is constructed with the groups of water tubes and
drums vertical and either with four or more pairs of drums with a space between.
for the fuel chamber or fire box and with a main horizontal longitudinal cylindrical
steam chamber in the centre immediately above the fuel chamber and forming the
top thereof.
In this "vertical type" of boiler a horizontal baffle plate is fixed or suspended
over the furnace and between it and the main horizontal steam drum and extending
nearly to the back wall of the furnace or fire box and the flames or heated gases
from the furnace are thereby first deflected horizontally or caused to impinge upon
the groups of vertical water tubes and water drums and thence pass backwards and
upwards behind the back end of the horizontal baffle plate and return forward again
underneath the main horizontal steam chamber thence escaping upwards again on
each side through the permanent spaces between the vertical steam drums (which
spaces occur from the normal relative position to each other which the flanges of the
drums occupy on each side) to the top side of the main horizontal steam drum and
backwards again horizontally along the top of the latter and finally passing down-
wards at the back end thereof at which point the products of combustion escape
into the chimney.
Another type or modification of boiler may be constructed by arranging the
groups of water tubes and drums in an inclined diagonal or curved position ou one
side and in a vertical position at the other the fuel chamber or fire box being
formed in the space between the diagonal and vertical sides.
The boilers may be constructed of any required size or capacity by providing a
greater or less number of steam and water drums and their connecting water tubes
and by proportionately increasing the length of the main horizontal steam chamber
or chambers and also of the supplementary horizontal water chambers.
The front ends of all the horizontal water or steam chambers preferably project
outwards through the front wall of the casing thereby providing suitable and
easily accessible surfaces for the usual and necessary boiler mountings, steam aud

page_text: water valves and other various steam and water connections and the whole of the
steam and water connecting pipes and tubular braces are so arranged as to be
connected only into the ends of the various steam and water drums and cylindrical
steam and water chambers thereby avoiding any weakening of the cylindrical shells
of the drums or cylinders by side connections and providing a more compact and
accessible structure than could be otherwise obtained.
The whole of the circulating connecting pipes (except the water tubes between
the steain and water drums) are preferably provided with suitable flanges bolted
together so that the various sections of the boiler may easily be coupled together
or taken to pieces for transport or repairs and the circulating pipes which occur
in front of the boiler are preferably placed outside the casing or furnace of the
boiler for convenience of access for connections which arrangement also promotes
a downward circulation of the water outside the furnace owing to the surfaces of
the tubes being exposed to the cooling effect of the atmosphere as on the other
hand the circulating pipes at the back of the boiler being placed inside the casing
or furnace promote an upward circulation of the water owing to their higher
temperature this movement combined with the similar and independent circulation
of water through each of the water tube sections resulting in a rapid general
circulation throughout the boiler in a positive and ascertained direction thereby
ensuring a continuously quick generation and free liberation of steam, and avoiding
the formation of steam bubbles or pockets on the inner faces of the water surfaces
exposed to the action of the fire.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is;-
1. A sectional quick generating water tube steam boiler constructed with a
series of water drums such as A. a corresponding number of steam drums such as B
connected together in pairs by water tubes C in combination with horizontal
cylindrical water and steam chambers such as E and F and water circulating pipes
such as N and M whereby the several parts are connected together substantially
as described.
2. In a sectional steam boiler the combination of the water drums A provided
with an internal diaphragm or plate D with the corresponding steam drums B also
provided with diaphragm D and connected together by water tubes C either
straight or curved, inclined, vertical or horizontal substantially as described.
3. A sectional steam boiler constructed and arranged substantially as described
and shewn.
Dated this 11th day of September 1896.