AN IMPROVED CUTTING AND SAWING MACHINE
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Green, of Leeds, in the County of York,
Machine Maker, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED CUTTING AND SAWING
MACHINE."
Sealed the 23rd October 1860, and dated the 28th April 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Green at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
April 1860.
J, JOSEPH GREEN, of Leeds, in the County of York, Machine Maker, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CUTTING.
AND SAWING MACHINE," to be as follows:-
I attach a saw blade or cutter to the respective ends of two beams working
parallel to each other, and connect the opposite ends of the beams by means of
a connecting rod. The required advance and return motion of the saw or
cutter is obtained by a crank motion imparted to the beams. I attach the saw
blade or cutter to the beams in such a manner as to allow a longitudinal pull
or strain upon it from a spiral spring, or otherwise, whereby it is kept in a
state of tension when the blade is expanded by heat acquired by friction when
working. The ends of the beams at which the saw or cutter is attached are
segmented or crescent-shaped, so that when the machine is in action the saw or
cutter is constantly kept in a true vertical position by the blade acting upon
the face of the segments.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Green in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th October 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
GREEN, of Leeds, in the County of York, Machine Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
snid Joseph Green, Her special license that I, the said Joseph Green, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph
Green, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, 'exercise
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED CUTTING
AND SAWING MACHINE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Joseph Green, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imnic-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Green, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, referenco being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention of "An Improved Cutting and Sawing Machine" consists in
attaching or connecting the ends of a saw blade or cutter to the extremities of
two beams which work parallel to each other. These beams work in unison,
their opposite ends being connected by a rod, and the required motion of the
blade is obtained by means of a crank, which is connected with and actuates
one of the beams. The blade is attached to the beams in such a manner as to
allow a longitudinal drag or strain to bo put upon it from a spiral spring or
other efficient contrivance, whereby the blade is kept in a state of tension when
expanded by the heat acquired by friction whilst working. The ends of the
beams upon which the saw or cutter is attached are segmented or crescent-
shaped, so that when the machine is in motion the saw or cutter will be main-

page_text: tained in a true vertical position by the blade bending over and being supported
upon the face of the segmental end of the beam.
The Figure in the accompanying Drawing represents an elevation of a
machine made according to my Invention.
A, A, is the framing of the machine; B is a spur wheel, which is mounted
in bearings fixed on the framing of the machine, and gears into and drives the
wheel C, mounted on the crank shaft, and which turns in bearings in a bracket
also fixed on the framing; D is a crank keyed upon the shaft of the wheel C;
and E is a rod which communicates motion from the crank to the beam F;
G is a rod connecting the end of the beam F with the end of a similar beam
F. These beams have their fulcra or centres of motion at H and H', at or
near the ends of the arms K and K', and are kept in their relative positions
by these arms, which are firmly bolted to a cross bar of the framing. The
front ends of the beams terminate in a segment or arc, whose centre is taken
from the centre of motion of the beams. On the top part of the upper segment
the flexible ribbon blade or saw X is attached to a screwed spindle L, enclosed
within the spiral spring M, and held at the top by a screw nut m. This spiral
spring is held between the nut m and the collar n on the projection of the
lever N, through which also the spindle L passes. The blade X passes through
an opening in the table O to the segment of the other beam, and is bent over
its face and is attached to the lower end of the segment, and is there fastened
either by pins or screws, or in any other convenient manner.
It will now be seen that on the application of rotary motion to the shaft of
the wheel B, whether by means of a winch handle or by means of a strap from
a driving shaft, and passed round a pulley on the said shaft, the motion of the
crank D will be communicated to the beams by the rod E and the connecting
rod G, and will produce a corresponding reciprocating or vibrating motion at
the segmental ends of the beams, and consequently the required sawing or ver-
tical cutting motion of the blade will be obtained. The blade X is also main-
tained in a true vertical position by being supported upon or against the face
of the segments of the beams, and any longitudinal expansion of the blade
occasioned by heat generated by the friction of the blades, is compensated by
the elasticity of the spiral spring M, which will operate as a strain upon the
blade by its force being exerted also in a longitudinal direction.
In order to ensure steadiness in working, a small fly wheel is keyed upon
the crank shaft and revolves on the outside of the framing, as shown in the
Drawing.
Having now described my Invention of "An Improved Cutting and Sawing
Machine," and having explained the manner of carrying the same into effect,

page_text: I claim as the Invention secured to me under the above in part recited Letters
Patent, the mode herein set forth of mounting and working the reciprocating
cutting blade or saw.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Green, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-third day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
J. B. WILKINSON,
17, Albion Street,
Leeds.
JOSEPH GREEN. (L.S.)