IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Jackson, of Lancaster, in the County
.
of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, and William Winders, of the same
Place, Mill Manager, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN THE PREPARATION OF
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 9th December 1875, and dated the 8th October 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Jackson and
William Winders at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 8th October 1875.
We, RICHARD JACKSON, of Lancaster, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinner, and WILLIAM WINDERS, of the same Place, Mill
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN
THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention relates to the construction of the apparatus employed
for producing the differential motion of the tube or bobbin in slubbing,

page_text: intermediate, and roving frames, and other frames used in the prepara-
tion of cotton and other fibrous materials for spinning, and is intended
to be applied to such frames as a substitute for the concave and convex
drums (commonly called "cone drums "), ordinarily employed for that
purpose. We obtain this result by means of a circular revolving plate
or disc, in contact with each side of which works a friction pulley, the
said friction pulleys being so mounted and arranged that they can be
moved nearer to or further from the centre of the circular plate or disc,
and by these means we obtain a differential motion whereby the speed
or velocity of the tube or bobbin is so regulated that the taking up or
winding on of the sliver shall be always equal notwithstanding the
gradually increasing diameter of the tube or bobbin.
The gradual moving of the friction pulleys towards the centre or
towards the circumference of the circular plate or disc may be effected
by similar means to those ordinarily employed for moving the driving
strap on the cone drums, or by means of any other suitable mechanism
actuated by the movements of the machine or frame. By this method
of dispensing with the taper drums and straps we not only effect a
considerable economy in the first cost but the apparatus is much more
efficient and regular in its work, there is less wear and tear, and it
requires much less labor and attention on the part of the overlookers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Richard Jackson and William Winders in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th April 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, RICHARD
JACKSON, of Lancaster, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, and
WILLIAM WINDERS, of the same Place, Mill Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in
the thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Richard Jackson and
William Winders, Her special license, that we, the said Richard
Jackson and William Winders, our executors, administrators, and

page_text: assigns, or such others as we, the said Richard Jackson and William
Winders, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with and no others, from time to time, and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OB
APPARATUS USED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS,”
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Richard
Jackson and William Winders, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Jackson (on behalf
of myself and the said William Winders), do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings:--
Our Invention relates to the construction of the apparatus employed
for producing the differential motion of the tube or bobbin in slubbing,
intermediate, and roving frames, and other frames used in the prepara-
tion of cotton and other fibrous materials for spinning; and is intended
to be applied to such frames as a substitute for the concave and convex
drums (commonly called "cone drums"), ordinarily employed for that
purpose. We obtain this result by means of a circular revolving plate
or disc, in contact with each side of which works a friction pulley, the
said friction pulleys being so mounted and arranged that they can be
moved nearer to or further from the centre of the circular plate or disc,
and by these means we obtain a differential motion whereby the speed
or velocity of the tube or bobbin is so regulated that the taking up or
winding on of the sliver shall be always equal, notwithstanding the
; gradually increasing diameter of the tube or bobbin.
The gradual moving of the friction pulleys towards the centre or
towards the circumference of the circular plate or disc_may be effected

page_text: by similar means to those ordinarily employed for moving the driving
strap on the cone drums, or by means of any other suitable mechanism
actuated by the movements of the machine or frame. By this method
of dispensing with the taper drums and straps we not only effect a
considerable economy in the first cost but the apparatus is much more
efficient and regular in its work, there is less wear and tear, and it
requires much less labor and attention on the part of the overlookers.
Such being the nature and object of our said Invention we will now
proceed to describe in detail the manner in which the same is to be
or may be performed or carried into practical effect, and in order that the
same may be clearly understood we have annexed hereunto a Sheet of
Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with letters
of reference corresponding with those in the following explanation
thereof:
The annexed Drawing represents in elevation that part of a slubbing,
intermediate, roving, or other machine to which our Invention is
applied, a, a, being part of the frame; b, b, the main shaft; c, c, a shaft
leading to the internal motion; and d, d, the shaft on which the top
cone drum is usually keyed; e, e, is the shaft known as the “star
wheel shaft." Upon the end of the shaft c, c, we key a mitre wheelf,f,
gearing with a similar wheel at the lower end of a short vertical shaft,
to the upper end of which is fixed the circular revolving plate or disc
g, g, in contact with which are placed two friction pulleys h, h, ono
above and the other below; these pulleys h, h, are keyed on the ends of
two shafts i, i, supported in suitable bearings, and having long keys or
feathers k, k, sliding through the bosses of spur wheels 1, 2, which are
driven by a wheel m keyed on the upper shaft d, d, which receives its
motion from the main shaft by means of the spur gearing m³, m²; the
upper bearing of the shaft i is regulated by a set screw n, and the lower
bearing rests upon a cam or excentric o, o, on the axis of which is fixed
a weighted lever p, p, by which means the necessary pressure of the
two friction pulleys h, h, against the upper and lower surfaces of the
disc 9, 9, is obtained and regulated.
The outer ends of the shafts i, i, are provided with necks, round which
passes a strap or clip q, q, to which is attached a toothed rack r, r, in
gear with a rack wheel s; this wheel is driven by means of two spur
wheels t, t, one of which is keyed upon the ordinary star wheel
shaft e, e.

page_text: It will be evident that a constant motion at one regular speed is
imparted to the friction pulleys h, h, direct from the main shaft b, b, by
means of the spur gearing 1, l, m, m, m³, m²; and it will be seen that at
the same time (by means of the ordinary slow intermittent revolving
motion of the star wheel shaft e, e, caused by the lifting rail) the
friction pulleys h, h, will be gradually moved further and further from
the centre of the revolving plate or disc g, g, and will hence impart a
gradually decreasing speed thereto, and thus a corresponding differential
speed will be imparted through the internal motion shaft c, c, to the
bobbins or tubes as their diameter increases by the winding on of the
slubbings, or rovings, or other thread, as the case may be.
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be per-
formed, we wish it to be understood that we do not confine ourselves
to the particular arrangement of mechanism shown on the Drawing and
herein-before described, as the same effect may be produced in a variety
of ways; but what we claim as our Invention is, the substitution of a
revolving plate or disc and movable friction pulleys in place of the cone
drums usually employed for imparting a differential motion to the bobbins
or tubes in slubbing, intermediate, and roving frames, substantially in
the manner and for the purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Jackson (on behalf of
myself and the said William Winders), have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.