Improvements in the Method of Winding Fabrics upon Steaming- rollers.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 5th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 6th Mar., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of Winding Fabrics upon Steaming-
rollers.
1, LUDWIG SCHREINER, of 27 Jaegerstr., of Barmen, in the Province of the Rhine,
German Empire, Doctor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The purpose of steaming fabrics is, as is known, fixing the physical finish that is
given the fabric by pressing, squeezing, smoothing, stretching and other mechanical
operations, and the object proper of said fixing is to prevent the fabric or its surface
from suffering any change on becoming wet or moist, or on being ironed.
If a fabric having a high lustre is to be steamed in such a manner that said
lustre is preserved in the highest attainable degree, the fabric must be pressed, so
as to cause the fibres in a compulsory way to assume a certain position and shape,
and must be steamed whilst thus being pressed. This has formerly been effected
by means of spindle-presses the bottoms of which had perforations for allowing the
steam to act upon the fabric; and is at present effected by winding the fabric upon
hollow perforated rollers into which the steam is led, the latter having a certain
tension so as to be able to penetrate said fabric.
It is of great importance that the fabric be wound as tight as possible, and to
obtain such tight a winding the fabric must be strongly stretched, or exposed to a
strong tension respectively; this is generally performed by applying a brake to the
fabric, letting the latter glide over a frictional surface, or winding cords around it.
The steamed fabric possesses the more lustre the tighter it is wound, and the greater
the tension is which it is subjected to.
There are, however, also some drawbacks caused by said tight winding. The
breadth or width of the fabric is decreased; the fabric is exposed to the risk of
tearing, and by reason of the unequal extensibility of tearing, and by reason of the
unequal extensibility of the warp (which results from the unavoidable inequality of
the warp-threads) the previous smooth and uniform appearance of the bright
surface is deformed or injured. The fabric after being treated in the manner afore
described must often times be subjected to an additional or supplementary finishing
by pressing or another operation, which treatment in its turn is of deleterious effect
upon the high lustre desired.
The object of my present invention is to do away with the drawbacks mentioned
in the foregoing preamble, and I attain that object by winding the fabric upon the
roller by aid of one or more other rollers, that press the fabric upon said first
roller without causing a tension in said fabric.
In carrying my invention into effect, I combine the perforated steaming roller
proper with one or more other rollers that are strongly pressed upon said first
roller by mechanical or hydraulic means, and which are arranged in such a manner,
that they can recede from the said first roller according to the increasing diameter
of the superposed layers of fabric wound thereon, without undergoing an alteration
in their pressure. The driving power may be applied to the steaming-roller, or to
any one of the other rollers, and by letting the combined rollers have different
circumferential speeds they may be caused to exert a frictional influence upon the
fabric, as is the case with the frictional calendering machine. The fabric after being

page_text: secured to the steaming roller need not be strained or stretched at all, but, of
course, care should be taken that no folds arise.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.
Improvements in the Method of Winding Fabrics upon Steaming-
rollers.
I, LUDWIG SCHREINER, of 27, Jaegerstr., of Barmer, in the Province of the Rhine,
German Empire, Doctor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The purpose of steaming fabrics is, as is known, fixing the physical finish that is
given the fabric by pressing, squeezing, smoothing, stretching and other mechanical
operations, and the object proper of said fixing is to prevent the fabric or its surface
from suffering any change on becoming wet or moist, or on being ironed.
If a fabric having a high lustre is to be steamed in such a manner that said lustre
is preserved in the highest attainable degree, the fabric must be pressed, so as to
cause the fibres in a compulsory way to assume a certain position and shape, and
must be steamed whilst thus being pressed. This has formerly been effected by
means of spindle-presses the bottoms of which had perforations for allowing the
steam to act upon the fabric; and is at present effected by winding the fabric upon
hollow perforated rollers into which the steam is led, the latter having a certain
tension so as to be able to penetrate said fabric.
It is of great importance that the fabric be wound as tight as possible, and to
obtain such tight a winding the fabric must be strongly stretched, or exposed to a
strong tension respectively; this is generally performed by applying a brake to
the fabric, or letting the latter glide over a frictional surface, or winding cords
around it. The steamed fabric possesses the more lustre the tighter it is wound,
and the greater the tension is which it is subjected to.
There are, however, also some drawbacks caused by said tight winding. The
breadth or width of the fabric is decreased; the fabric is exposed to the risk of
tearing, and by reason of the unequal extensibility of the warp (which results from
the unavoidable inequality of the warp-threads) the previous smooth and uniform
appearance of the bright surface is deformed or injured. The fabric after being
treated in the manner afore described must often-times be subjected to an
additional or supplementary finishing by pressing or another operation, which
treatment in its turn is of a deleterious effect upon the high lustre desired.
The object of my present invention is to do away with the drawbacks afore
mentioned, and I attain that object by winding the fabric upon the roller by aid of
one or more other rollers, that press the fabric upon said first roller without causing
a tension in said fabric.
In carrying my invention into effect, I combine the perforated steaming-roller
proper with one or more other rollers that are strongly pressed upon said first
roller by mechanical or hydraulic means, and which are arranged in such a manner,
that they can recede from the said first roller according to the increasing diameter
of the superposed layers of fabric wound thereon, without undergoing an alteration
in their pressure. The driving power may be applied to the steaming-roller, or to
any one of the other rollers, and by letting the combined rollers have different
circumferential speeds they may be caused to exert a frictional influence upon the

page_text: fabric, as is the case with the frictional calendering machine. The fabric after
being secured to the steaming roller need not be strained or stretched at all, but, of
course, care should be taken that no folds arise.
A suitably constructed machine for carrying my improved process into practice
is shown as an example in the accompanying drawing. In this case the machine is
provided with three rollers a e i, the upper (a) of which cannot make any other
movement than the ordinary rotary one. The middle roller e which receives the
fabric to be steamed is so arranged that it may move in a vertical direction, the
pivots el of this roller being displaceable in guide-pieces o' fixed to, or forming
parts of, the frame o of the machine. The bearings carrying the lower roller i
are supported by the plunger-pistons u' of hydraulic cylinders u.
When the machine is at work the roller i is lifted by aid of the hydraulic
cylinders u and plunger-pistons u¹, and the fabric would upon the roller e is thus
squeezed in between the rollers a and i.
The driving-power is applied to the machine by means of the shaft r and the
toothed wheels rr2, the larger (¹) of which is keyed to the shaft a¹ of the
roller a.
A tables arranged in front of the machine receives the pack of fabric to be
treated by the machine. If it is, perhaps, preferred to wind the fabric upon a
roller, then the machine should be provided with bearings for the axle or the pivots
of said roller.
The manner of operation of the machine is as follows:
The roller e is first placed upon bearings o 2 that are carried by the covers of the
bearings ', and are thus also lifted by the plunger-pistons u¹ on the latter lifting
the bearings with the roller i. The fabric to be squeezed is first led over a
guide-roller a, and is then introduced between the rollers a and e, when it is wound
upon the steaming roller e in an uninterrupted course. Care should be taken that
on thus winding the fabric the borders or edges of the same lay one exactly above
the other, but it is not necessary to pay any attention to the fabric keeping its
proper breadth, as this takes place automatically in consequence of the absence of
tension in the fabric. It is, further, not necessary to reduce the pressure of the
water acting upon the plunger-pistons because the pressure which the wound fabric
is exposed to acts upon a gradually increasing surface, and exerts thus a gradually
decreasing effect.
When the roller e has received the number of layers desired the plunger-pistons
are caused to sink, when said roller may be removed from the machine, and replaced
by another one.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In the method of steaming fabrics with aid of a perforated steaming-roller which
the fabric is wound around the employment of one or more other rollers that are
strongly pressed upon the fabric wound around said perforated steaming-roller, for
the purpose as described.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.