Improvements in Aerating and Impregnating Liquids.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 15th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 15th Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Aerating and Impregnating Liquids.
I, EMIL STERN, of II, Praterstrasse 25, Vienna, in the Austrian Empire, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:--
My invention relates to improvements in aerating or impregnating with carbonic
acid or any other gas bottled water or other liquid.
In carrying it into effect, I prepare the proper charge of gas in a compressed or
fluid form inside suitable bulbs. A bulb is attached to or incorporated with either
the inside or the outside of bottle or equivalent or it may be adapted to serve as the
closing device. Proper meaus for breaking or opening a bulb at the moment of
opening the bottle are provided, so that the liquid shall be duly impregnated.
The bulbs may be charged in any suitable or well known way. Each bulb is
provided with a tube closed by a suitable plug or piston, and a lateral port is also
provided to allow of the passage of air.
A suitable port may be provided for the escape of air from the bottle.
1009
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Aerating and Impregnating Liquids.
1, EMIL STERN, of II Praterstrasse 25, Vienna, in the Austrian Empire, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in aërating or impregnating bottled water,
or other liquid, with carbonic acid or any other gas, and is applicable to any kind of
bottle, pitcher, or syphon, either commercially or in the home.
In carrying it into effect, the proper charge of gas, in a compressed or liquid
condition, is introduced into a suitable bulb or holder. This holder is attached to, or
incorporated with, either the inside, or the outside, of the bottle, or equivalent vessel,
containing the liquid to be aërated, and it may be, and preferably is, adapted to serve,
with its necessary addenda, as the closing or stoppering device.
Proper means for opening the holder are provided, so that the liquid in the bottle
shall be duly aërated. I prefer to use a tube controlled by a suitable plug or piston.
A suitable port is provided for the escape of the atmospheric air from the bottle.
In order that my invention, and the means by which the same is to be carried into
practical effect, may be thoroughly understood, I will now describe them in detail,
referring in so doing to the accompanying drawings which are to be taken as part of
this Specification and read therewith, and in which corresponding parts are marked
throughout the figures in which they occur with the same reference letters.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of my invention including the top of the neck of
the bottle to which it is applied.
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of a modification including the neck and shoulder of
the bottle to which it is applied.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a further modification.
Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of a third modification.
Fig. 2 is drawn about its natural size: The three other figures are drawn to an
enlarged scale.

page_text: bis
A is the neck of the bottle and a is the gas holder. This is drawn as a sphere but
I do not confine myself to any particular contour for this part of my invention.
the neck of the holder fast to it, and c is an axial port through the neck in the
direction of the interior of the holder. is a piston, preferably of ebonite or
analogous material, loose on a flat disc e which in turn rests upon a second disc e¹,
the latter convex on its under side.
f is an inverted cup through the end of which the piston works. This cup is
screwed by its open end onto the hollow spindle f, the port cl of which is virtually
a continuation of the port c, the connection being by means of a transverse port c+,
a small port in the side of the cup f', and the space between the cup and the
extension a¹ of the neck b.
y is a screwed ring upon the bottle neck, and s is a handle projecting there-
from. This handle may be used as a tightening lever. is a cap adapted to be
screwed down on to and to hold an annulus & fast upon the top of the bottle
neck. is an elastic packing. is a socket made preferably in one piece with
the annulus k. The hollow spindle f is passed through this socket in which it fits
exactly, and as the bore of the socket is, in plan, other than circular, the spindle f
cannot turn in it. I is a lock-nut to hold the said spindle to the annulus k. A
retaining nut may also be used if necessary. It is to be noted that the end of
the spindle projects beyond the face of the nut.
The cavity II is closed by a screwed washer i, an elastic washer h, and a loose
washer y, which latter abuts against the internal shoulder a².
The mouth of the port a is closed by a cap o of elastic material, the edge of which
is stretched over and detained by a collar attached to, or being on extension of, the
lock-nut I. One or more holes are formed in this cap in the relative position
shewn. This cap acts as a valve, its seat being the projecting end of the hollow
spindle f.
u is a port in the annulus k, and u is its automatic valve. The play of this valve
is controlled by a screwed ring & adapted to be moved in either direction upon the
socket which is screwed accordingly.
My invention constructed as illustrated in Fig. 1 and described above is used and
works as follows:-The holder a is charged, and the cap fixed. The bottle is then
filled about three quarters full, and the holder fixed on the top of the bottle-neck
by the screwed cap p. It is to be understood that Fig. 1 shews the invention as
closed and stoppering the bottle. The bottle is held firmly, say by grasping the
said cap with one hand, and the holder is unscrewed for about a quarter of a
cirele and screwed back again at once to its original position. Unscrewing the
holder of course raises it so that the port is freed from the control of the
piston . A portion of the gas in the holder rushes past the piston via c, e, e, c², c¹
and o into the bottle. It is the sudden screwing back again of all the holder that
prevents the passage of the gas in the holder into the bottle. The small quantity
that enters the bottle at first is enough to dislodge the air contained in the liquid
to be aërated. Shaking or striking the bottle will accelerate this part of the
operation. The ring tis next raised a little, whereupon the air will be rapidly
expelled from the bottle through the port u, whereupon the ring must be promptly
screwed back. Judgment must be used as to the time the port u is kept open so
as to prevent the avoidable escape of gas, but, as is well known, perfect aëration cannot
be effected unless all the air is previously expelled.
The holder is again raised and the remainder of its contents allowed to enter the
bottle. This may be advantageously shaken a second time, and the aëration of its
contents will be completed.
Of course the gas may be allowed to enter the bottle all at once, or as may be
preferred.
Before the bottle is opened, the excess gas is allowed to escape through the port u,
after which the cap p is unscrewed from the ring g, and the holder a and its addenda
taken off the bottle.
Referring to Fig. 2, the modification illustrated herein consists in providing for the

page_text: escape of the air through the port 2 formed through the side of the spindle f.
Further, the port u, the valve u¹, the ring t, the socket and the cap o are dispensed
with, and the cap p is provided with a socket-like extension in which the extension a¹
enters. The only drawback to the modification now under description is this:-the
air can escape only after the completion of the process of aëration.
Referring to Fig. 2, the modification illustrated herein consists in making the
handle s fast to the cap p.
Referring to Fig. 3, the modification illustrated herein consists in inverting the
construction illustrated in Fig. 1, (thereby placing the gas holder inside the bottle),
substituting a solid spindle for a hollow one, and providing for the rotation thereof
by a handle (of any suitable kind) f upon its exposed end. is a port through
which the holder can be charged as well as emptied. It is the equivalent of the
port el of Fig. 1. is an elastic ring placed around the spindle and over the port
which it controls. It is the equivalent of the cap o of Fig. 1. The construction
of the remaining parts is substantially the same as illustrated in Fig. 1 and described
therewith.
The gas holders are made to withstand a pressure of 250 atmospheres, but are
used under a pressure of from 55 to 60 atmospheres. The bottles are tested to
80 atmospheres, and used at a pressure only of G, so that there is a sufficient margin
of safety.
It possible with my invention to aërate liquids which up to the present time
could not be successfully aërated because of their tendency to decompose after a
short time.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inveu-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
Aerating or impregnating beverages contained in bottles, jars, or syphons, with
gas by means of a stopper-like apparatus, the distinguishing features of which
are:-
(1). A holder a,
gas
the port c adapted to be closed by a piston which rests on
moveable discs e, el and may be made to close the said port by a spindle f fast to the
said holder; the spindle being prevented from turning by its engagement in the
socket ', as set forth.
(2). A port in the annulus & communicating with the interior of the bottle and
controlled by a valve and a ring for the purpose of allowing the atmospheric air
and superfluous gas to escape, as set forth.
(3). A device for securing the gas holder to the neck of the bottle consisting of a
screwed cap adapted to hold the annulus k close to the neck of a second screwed
ring adapted to engage with the said cap, and a tightening levers, as set forth.
Dated this 15th day of August 1890.
1
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, Agents for the Applicant.