IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PRODUCTION OF BRUSSELS AND VELVET PILE CARPET FABRICS AND HEARTH- RUGS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Thomson, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar,
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OR PRODUCTION OF BRUSSELS AND VELVET PILE CARPET FABRICS AND HEARTH-
RUGS."
Sealed tho 11th January 1860, and dated the 8th November 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Thomson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th November 1859.
I, JOHN THOMSON, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OR PRODUCTION OF BRUSSELS AND VELVET PILE CARPET FABRICS AND
HEARTH-RUGS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture or production of what are
generally and technically known as Brussels and velvet pile carpet fabrics, or
carpeting and hearth-rugs entirely or chiefly of jute or jute hemp, in or by
the agency of power looms. In manufacturing Brussels and velvet pile fabrics
according to this Invention, the jute or jute hemp is woven or manufactured
in power looms similar to what are at present used in the manufacture of
Brussels and velvet pile carpet fabrics from wool, or wool and other materials
combined, or in power looms of a generally similar arrangement and con

page_text: struction. The back of the manufactured goods may be composed of any
suitable fibrous material or combination of materials. The Brussels and
velvet pile fabrics manufactured according to this Invention, from or out of
jute or jute hemp, in or by the agency of power looms, are produced at a
cheaper rate than has hitherto been the case, whilst their external appearance
and general effect are very much. superior to those of ordinary fabrics of the
same class, and they are much more durable:
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Thomson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th May 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
THOMSON, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Thomson, Her special license that I, the said John Thomson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
John Thomson, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Island's, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OR PRODUCTION OF BRUSSELS AND VELVET PILE CARPET FABRICS
AND HEARTH-RUGS," upon. the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Thomson, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Thomson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in. and by the following
statement, that is to say:-
My said Invention relates to the manufacture or production of what are
generally and technically, known as Brussels and velvet pile carpet fabrics or

page_text: carpeting and hearth-rugs entirely or chiefly of jute or jute hemp, in or by the
agency of power looms. In manufacturing Brussels and velvet pile fabrics
according to this Invention the jute or jute hemp is woven or manufactured
in power looms similar to what are at present used in the manufacture of
Brussels and velvet pile carpet fabrics from wool, or wool and other materials
combined, or in power looms of a generally similar arrangement and con-
struction. The back of the manufactured goods may be composed of any
suitable fibrous material or combination of materials. The Brussels and velvet
pile fabrics manufactured according to this Invention from or out of jute
or jute hemp, in or by the agency of power looms, are produced at a cheaper
rate than has hitherto been the case; whilst their external appearance and
general effect are very much superior to those of ordinary fabrics of the same
class, and they are much more durable. In the preparation of jute or jute
hemp for manufacturing Brussels and velvet pile fabrics according to this
Invention the jute is spun into yarn, dyed, and otherwise prepared for the
manufacture in the same manner as wool or other fibrous material is
prepared for weaving. The prepared jute yarn is used in the loom in the
same way as the woollen yarn is ordinarily used to form the surface of the
fabric. If the fabric to be woven is of the looped class, as in Brussels carpeting,
the jute yarn is woven in over wires or other loop-forming mechanism, the
binding in of these loops, as well as the formation of the cloth at the back,
being composed of linen or cotton yarn, or a combination of other suitable
fibrous materials. In the manufacture of fabrics having a velvet pile surface
or face similar to what are known as Wilton carpets, the loops of the jute
yarn may be made somewhat deeper than those of the Brussels carpeting, and
these loops as they are formed are cut through by means of suitable mechanism.
The fabric when completed as far as the weaving operation is concerned is then
passed through a cropping machine, so as to cut off the uneven ends of the
cut loops, and reduce the surface to a uniform level or velvet-like pile. In
this
way looped or cut pile fabrics may, by the use of jute yarn, be manu-
factured at a cost far below woollen goods, and but little inferior in richness
of appearance, provided due care and attention has been given to the pre-
paration and dyeing of the jute yarn.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that what I consider novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, is,―
First, the application to and use in the manufacture or production of Brussels

page_text: or looped and velvet pile fabrics of jute or jute hemp, as berein-before
described.
Second, the system or mode of manufacturing or producing fabrics in which
the looped or velvet pile surface or face of the fabric is formed wholly or
chiefly of jute or jute hemp, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Thomson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of May One thousand eight hundred
and sixty.
JOHN THOMSON. (L.S.)