AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Garrett, Henry Newson Garrett, and
Frank Garrett, trading under the Firm of Richard Garrett and Sons,
of Leiston Works, in the County of Suffolk, Agricultural Engineers,
for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE
STEAM ENGINES."-A communication from abroad by Paul Kotzo, of
Posth in the Kingdom of Hungary
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Garrett,
Henry Newson Garrett, and Frank Garrett at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 15th
November 1871.
We, RICHARD GARRETT, HENRY NEWSON GARRETT, and FRANK
GARRETT, trading under the Firm of Richard Garrett and Sons, of
Leiston Works, in the County of Suffolk, Agricultural Engineers, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is so to construct portable steam engines
that the water in the boiler of such engines may not only be heated by
coal or wood as usual, but by less solid materials, such as straw and

page_text: other light combustible matters, which in some places will be the only
fuel available for the purpose. To this end the furnace is deepened to
an extent that will admit of a set of fire-bars being placed below the
ordinary fire-bars and at a distance therefrom sufficient to admit of
charges of straw being introduced to the lower set of fire-bars or grate.
In front of this grate and on a level therewith is a spout through which
the straw is to be introduced to the grate; this spout is closed air-tight
by a hinged door, and forms in fact a kind of hopper extension of the
furnace.
The water jacket of the boiler is carried sufficiently far below the level:
of the lower grate to permit of the calcareous and other deposits from the
water taking place below the efficient heating line of the fire.
The upper grate may be made detachable to allow of its being
removed when straw is intended to be burned.
The furnace, instead of terminating in an ash pan, may be open
at 1
bottom to allow of the ashes discharging into a pit dug in the ground for
the purpose of receiving the ashes. When the engine is brought over
such a pit access of air through the ash-pit to the furnace may be pre-
vented by means of loose covering plates and by throwing up a mound
of earth round the bottom of the furnace.
A regulated supply of air can be admitted through a damper provided
for the purpose below the lower grate and in front of the ash pan
extension of the furnace.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, RICHARD
GARRETT, HENRY NEWSON GARRETT, and FRANK GARRETT, trading
under the Firm of Richard Garrett and Sons, of Leiston Works, in the 30
County of Suffolk, Agricultural Engineers, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Richard Garrett, Henry Newson Garrett, and
Frank Garrett, Her special licence that we, the said Richard Garrett,
Henry Newson Garrett, and Frank Garrett, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said Richard Garrett, Henry
Newson Garrett, and Frank Garrett, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE
STEAM ENGINES," being a communication to us from abroad by Paul Kotzo,
of Pesth, in the Kingdom of Hungary, upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Richard Garrett, Henry Newson Garrett, and
.Frank Garrett, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Richard Garrett, Henry Newson
Garrett, and Frank Garrett, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed and to the letters
and figures marked thereon (that is to say):
:-
The object of this Invention is so to construct portable steam engines
that the water in the boiler of such engines may not only be heated by
coal or wood as usual, but by less dense materials, such as straw and
other light combustible matters, which in some places will be the only
fuel available for the purpose. To this end the furnace is deepened to
an extent that will admit of a set of fire-bars being placed below the
level of the ordinary fire-bars and in such a position as to allow of
charges of straw being introduced thereto with facility, and to protect
the metal the water jacket is extended downwards proportionately.

page_text: In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 represents in longitudinal
sectional elevation so much of a portable steam engine as will serve to
explain the nature of this Invention, and Fig. 2 is a transverse section
of the same, taken in the line 1, 2, of Fig. 1.
A is the furnace, capable of being fitted with the ordinary grate for
burning coal, as shewn by dots at B, B; this grate is made removeable
in order that the furnace may receive a grate, as at C, for burning straw
and other light combustible matters. In front of this grate C and on a
level therewith is a spout D through which the straw is introduced to
the grate; this spout is closed air-tight by a hinged door D¹, and forms
in fact a kind of hopper extension of the furnace, the capacity of which
is greatly enlarged to enable it to contain a proportionate quantity of
the light fuel.
The water jacket of the boiler is carried sufficiently far below the level
of the grate C, as shewn at E, E, to permit of the calcareous and other
deposit from the water taking place below the efficient heating line of
the fire and to protect the walls of the furnace.
The furnace when arranged to burn straw, instead of terminating in
an ash pan, as shewn by dots in Fig. 1, is made open at bottom to allow
of the ashes discharging into a pit F dug in the ground for the purpose
of receiving the ashes, the ash pan being for this purpose removed.
When the engine is brought over such a pit access of air through the
ash-pit to the furnace may be prevented by means of loose covering
plates F and by throwing up a mound of earth round the bottom of the
furnace, as at F³.
A regulated supply of air can be admitted through a damper provided
for the purpose below the grate C and in front of the ash pan extension
of the furnace, as shewn at G, which extension is slidden into and out of
place and is supported by flanges, as shewn.
When using the furnace as a straw burning furnace the door by which
fuel is admitted to the fire-bars B is kept closed to prevent the in-draught
of cold air above the fuel.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "An Improve-
ment in the Construction of Portable Steam Engines," as communicated
to us by our foreign correspondent, and explained the manner of carrying
the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that under the above in

page_text: part recited Letters Patent we claim, modifying the construction of the
furnaces of portable steam engines in the manner and for the purpose
above described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Richard Garrett, Henry Newson
Garrett, and Frank Garrett, have hereunto set our hands and
seals, the Thirteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.