IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR Manu- FACTURING OIL CAKES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Bolton, of No. 55, Cumberland Street,
Hull, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR Manu-
FACTURING OIL CAKES."
Sealed the 7th September 1871, and dated the 14th March 1871.
t
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Bolton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 14th March 1871.
I, EDWARD BOLTON, of No. 55, Cumberland Street, Hull, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR MANUFACTURING OIL CAKES," to be as follows:-
L
This Invention relates to a novel combination of materials for forming
or constructing "envelopes" to be used in expressing oil or fatty matters
from seeds, or other oil or fat yielding substances in the production of
oil cakes; and it consists in constructing an "envelope" as follows:-
I take a backing or outside fold of stout leather, which may be cut of a
shape somewhat like the central portion of the section of a parabolic

page_text: On the
spindle, and be folded or doubled over at the wide or central part of
its length. To the back of the fold I attach a leather strap or handle
for the purpose of withdrawing the " envelope" from the press box,
and for handling it whilst being charged and discharged.
inner face of the leather backing, and firmly secured thereto by means
of laces, I attach a corrugated mattress consisting of a series of ribs
or corrugations formed of horsehair "cores," covered by interlacing or
interweaving them together with spun wool cords, so that the corrugated
cores or central
pressing surfaces are of corded spun wool, whilst the "
portions thereof are of horsehair. Longitudinally along each edge, on
cach side of the leather backing, I apply a woven horsehair edging or
fillet of suitable width. This horsehair edging does not project beyond
the width of the leather backing, and it is firmly secured to the mattress,
having corrugated pressing surfaces, of which it is thus made to form
a part.
"
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Bolton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 14th September 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
BOLTON, of No. 55, Cumberland Street, Hull, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in
the thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Edward Bolton, Her special
licence that I, the said Edward Bolton, my.executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Bolton, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and nọ
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use; exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain, and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING OIL CAKES," upon the condition (amongst
others), that I, the said Edward Bolton, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the

page_text: said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Bolton, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention relates to a novel combination of materials for forming
or constructing "envelopes" to be used in expressing oil or fatty matters
from seeds or other oil or fat yielding substances in the production of
oil cakes, and it consists in constructing an envelope" as follows:-
I take a backing or outside fold of stout leather, which may be cut of a
shape somewhat like the shape of the central portion of the section of
a parabolic spindle, and be folded or doubled over at the wide or central
part of its length. To the back of the fold I attach a leather strap or
handle for the purpose of withdrawing the envelope from the press
box, and for handling it whilst being charged and discharged. On the
inner face of the leather backing, and firmly secured thereto by means
of laces, I attach a corrugated mattress consisting of a series of ribs
or corrugations formed of horsehair "cores" covered by interlacing or
interweaving them together with spun wool cords, so that the corrugated
pressing surfaces are of corded spun wool whilst the "cores" or central
portions thereof are of horsehair. Longitudinally along each edge on
each side of the leather backing I apply a woven horsehair edging or
fillet of suitable width. This horsehair edging does not project beyond
the width of the leather backing, and it is firmly secured to the
mattress, having corrugated pressing surfaces, of which it is thus made
to form a part.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood I
have hereunto appended a Drawing showing one modification of my
improvements in apparatus for manufacturing oil cakes.
Fig. 1 on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings is a plan of my
improved "envelope" laid open, and showing in part the covering of
hair and wool; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the envelope to show
more clearly the nature of its construction; Fig. 3 is an elevation or
external side view of the envelope as it appears when closed; Fig. 4 is
a plan of the same corresponding to Fig. 3.

page_text: The envelope is formed of an outer case or backing A, which is by
preference of stout leather. This backing is cut in the form of or
resembling the section of the geometrical figure known as a parabolic
spindle, when it is laid open as shown in Fig. 1, and when closed or
folded over it forms the wedge-shaped figure delineated in Fig. 4. At
the central and widest part of the backing is attached a handle B, this is
by preference formed of a leather strap, and is used for the purpose of
withdrawing the envelope from the oil press box as well as for the con-
venience of handling it whilst it is being charged or discharged. This
mattress is formed of a series of ribs or "cores" C arranged parallel to
each other and transversly to the length of the backing A. The cores
are by preference formed of horsehair, and they are covered by an
interlacing or interwoven surface D formed of spun woollen cords, so
that when complete the envelope presents a surface of corrugated spun
wool, the body or central portion of which is formed of cores or ribs of
horsehair.
The advantages of this system or mode of manufacture of envelopes for
expressing oil from seed are:-First, that the wool being softer than
horsehair the smaller particles do not coat or adhere so easily, and thus
the necessity of frequent cleaning is reduced, and the consequent wear
and tear of the horsehair is lessened considerably; secondly, when the
envelopes do require cleaning the operation can be done in a much
shorter time than with envelopes of the ordinary kind and without injury
thereto, as the wool is soft and pliable; thirdly, envelopes manufactured
in this manner are considerably more durable than those of the ordinary
make; fourthly, the nip or pressure on the seed is far more perfect with
this combined make, and thus a larger supply of oil is obtained from
a given quantity of seed than with those ordinarily employed. The
longitudinal edges of the mattress are enclosed by band or fillet of
horsehair, as shown at E in Fig. 2. This edging is worked on and
firmly secured to the body of the envelope, and its surface is ribbed or
corrugated in manner similar to the inner surface of the envelope.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention of "Improve-
ments in Apparatus for Manfacturing Oil Cakes," and in what manner
the same may be carried into practical effect, I wish it to be understood
that what I claim and desire to secure by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is, the combination of materials and the mode
or method of manufacturing envelopes or cases therefrom, suitable for

page_text: containing seed from which the natural oil is to be expressed or
extracted in the manufacture of oil cake, as herein-before described and
shown.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Bolton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
EDWARD BOLTON. (L.S.)
(Witness,)
THOS. TAYLOR.