IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS FOR PROTECTING OR PRESERVING SHIPS'. BOTTOMS AND OTHER SUBMERGED SURFACES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of, 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS FOR PROTECTING OR PRESERVING SHIPS'.
BOTTOMS AND OTHER SUBMERGED SURFACES."-A communication from
abroad by Georg F. Heyl, of Charlottenburg, in the Empire of
Commen
Sealed the 20th December 1875, and dated the 24th August 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 24th August 1875.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS FOR PROTECTING OR PRESERVING
SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER SUBMERGED SURFACES," a communication to me
from abroad by Georg F. Heyl, of Charlottenburg, in the Empire of
Germany, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved composition to be applied to

page_text: ships' bottoms and other submerged surfaces for the purpose of preserving
them from fouling or corrosion, and protecting them against barnacles
and marine growth.
The composition consists of the following ingredients employed in
about the under-mentioned proportions :-

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 9th February 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 'I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Henry Johnson, Her special
license that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Henry
Johnson, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain.
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS FOR PROTECTING OR PRESERVING SHIPS'
BOTTOMS AND OTHER SUBMERGED SURFACES," a communication to me from
abroad by George F. Heyl, of Charlottenburg, in the Empire of
Germany, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Henry Johnson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement, that is to say :-
The said Invention relates to an improved composition to be applied
to ships' bottoms and other submerged submerged surfaces for the
purpose of preserving them from fouling or corrosion, and protecting
them against barnacles and marine growth. .

page_text: The above ingredients are combined together in the following
manner: No. 4 and No. 6 are first dissolved in No. 5. No. 1 and No. 3
are then mixed with each other, and after being heated they are worked up
with Nos. 4, 6, and 5, after an interval of say about 36 hours. Nos. 2, 7,
and 8, are mixed together, and (while working up or agitating the
mixture for say about 12 hours) the emulsion formed by Nos. 4, 6, 5, 1,
and 3 is added, after which the composition is ready for use.
The composition may be applied to the surface to be protected or
preserved with a brush or by other suitable means.
The proportions in which the several ingredients are employed may be
varied according to the temperature or other circumstances, as found
desirable in practice.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to
be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
1st. The application and use of the before-mentioned composition sub-
stantially as and for the purposes herein-before described.

page_text: 2nd. The employment of gum euphorbia in the production of com-
positions capable of being employed for the protection of ships' bottoms
or of other submerged surfaces.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to
this my Specification set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of
February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-six.
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.S.)