IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SCREENING OR SEPARATING GRAIN, SEED, AND OTHER MATTERS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Waugh, of Whitefriars, in the City
of London, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR SCREENING OR SEPARATING GRAIN, SEED, AND OTHER
MATTERS."
Sealed the 28th October 1868, and dated the 28th April 1868.
83
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Waugh at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th April 1868.
I, HENRY WAUGH, of Whitefriars, in the City of London, Civil
5 Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SCREENING OR SEPARATING GRAIN, SEED, AND
OTHER MATTERS," to be as follows:-

page_text: substances to be separated, and in the arrangement of the wires of the
screening surface, by means of which the different substances are sorted
with greater facility than heretofore, and without the use of separate
screens for each kind of grain or seed.
The comb or cleaner for freeing the wires of the screen from any
matters which may remain between them during the process of screening
consists of a frame corresponding in shape and dimensions to the screen,
below which it is fixed in a parallel position therewith. This frame is
provided with a number of transverse bars placed at equal distances apart
over the whole length of the frame. Each of said bars is furnished
with a series of teeth formed of watch-spring steel or other suitable
material, which project upwards between the wires of the screen, the
number of teeth in each bar corresponding with the number of spaces
between the wires immediately above said bar. In screening or sifting
a to-and-fro motion is imparted to the screen in any suitable manner
either by means of a crank shaft, connecting rod, or otherwise, while
the teeth of the comb being received in the spaces between the wires
of the screen throughout their whole extent will keep them free from
any matters which may lodge between said wires. I prefer to punch
or otherwise round. off the edge of each watch-spring steel tooth at
the upper end in order to present a broad surface to the grain or
substance to be removed from between the wires, and thus avoid
springing or otherwise damaging the latter.
.
The second part of my Invention as before mentioned relates to the
arrangement of the wires of screens used more especially for sorting
grain and seeds, whereby seeds and substances of different sizes may be
readily separated in the same apparatus without requiring the aid of
screens of different degrees of fineness as heretofore. These wires I fix
in an inclined position in the frame of the screen, and considerably
closer at the one end than at the other, by which means the fine sub-
stances only are caused to pass through the upper end of the screen,
and the spaces gradually increasing in size towards the lower end the
products of the screening operation would be separated according to their
degree of fineness. Below the screen and inclined sideways thereto I
place a table provided with movable transverse partitions forming a
number of inclined shoots, in which the proceeds of the screening
operation fall and are conducted to different receptacles according to
their degree of fineness.

page_text: In addition to screening grain or seeds the apparatus, is also applicable
to sifting or sorting shot, bone dust, and other matters.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Waugh in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th October 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
WAUGH, of Whitefriars, in the City of London, Civil Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Henry Waugh, Her special licence
that I, the said Henry Waugh, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry Waugh, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and.
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the.
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR SCREENING OR SEPARATING GRAIN, SEED, AND OTHER
MATTERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry
Waugh, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Waugh, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Draw-
ings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon
(that is to say) :-
:

page_text: My Invention relates, first, to improvenients in the means of cleaning
the screens or sieves employed in the process of screening grain. or
other substances to be separated; and, secondly, in the arrangement of
the wires of the screening surface, by means of which the different sub-
stances are sorted with greater facility than heretofore, and without the
use of separate screens for each kind of grain or seed.
The comb or cleaner for freeing the wires of the screen from any
matters which may remain between them during the process of
screening consists of a frame corresponding in shape and dimensions to
the screen, below which it is fixed in a parallel position thereto. This
frame is provided with a number of transverse bars placed at equal
distances apart over the whole length of the frame. Each of said bars is
furnished with a series of teeth formed of watch-spring steel which
project upwards between the wires of the screen, the number of teeth in
each bar corresponding with the number of spaces between the wires
immediately above said bar. In screening or sifting a to-and-fro motion
is imparted to the screen in any suitable manner, either by means of a
crank shaft and connecting rod or otherwise, while the teeth being
received in the spaces between the wires of the screen throughout their
whole extent will keep them free from any matters which may lodge
between said wires. I prefer to punch or otherwise round off the edge
of each watch-spring tooth at the upper end in order to present a broad
surface to the grain or substance to be removed from between the wires,
and thus avoid springing or otherwise damaging the latter.
The second part of my Invention, as before mentioned, relates to the
arrangement of the wires of the screen used more especially for sorting
grain and seed, whereby seeds and substances of different sizes may be
readily separated in the same apparatus without requiring the aid of
screens of different degrees of fineness as heretofore. These wires I fix
in an inclined position in regard to the frame of the screen, and con-
siderably closer at the one end than at the other, by which means the
fine substances only are caused to pass through the upper end of the
screen, and the spaces gradually increasing in size towards the lower end
the products of the screening operation would be separated according to
their degree of fineness. Below the screen and inclined sideways thereto
I place a table provided with adjustable transverse partitions forming a
number of inclined shoots, in which the proceeds of the screening

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
"My Invention is illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, in which
Figure 1 shows a sectional elevation of my improved screen and comb
taken on line 1, 2, Figure 2, which is a plan of the screen only;
Figure 3 is a transverse section of the screen on line 3, 4, Figure 1,
also showing the comb and table.
A is the screen, the wires a of which are placed in an inclined or
radiating position with regard to one another in the frame A, as seen,
being considerably closer at the one end than at the other, by which
means the fine grain or substances are only allowed to pass through the
upper end of the screen, and as the spaces gradually increase in size
towards the lower end the products of the screening operation will be
separated according to their degree of fineness. B is the frame of the
comb or cleaner for freeing the wires a of the screen from any matters
which may remain between them during the process of screening. The
frame B corresponds in shape and size with the screen A, below which it
is fixed in a parallel position therewith. The frame B is provided with
a number of transverse bars 6 placed at equal distances apart over the
whole length of the frame. Each of said bars bis furnished with a
series of comb teeth C formed of watch-spring steel or other suitably
pliant material, which teeth C project upwards between the wires a of
the screen, as seen in Figure 3, the number of teeth in each bar 6 corre-
sponding with the number of spaces between the wires a immediately
above. In Figure 3 some of the teeth C and washers are removed in
order to show the bar 6 on which they are placed. The teeth Care
slid on the bars b, as shown, and are kept at their proper distance apart
by interposing washers d between them. The screening operation is
effected by imparting a to-and-fro motion to the screen or sieve A in
any suitable manner, while the teeth of the comb being received in the
spaces between the wires a of the screen A throughout their whole
extent will keep said wires a free from any matters which may lodge
between them; the teeth are at same time sufficiently pliant to give on
contact with the radial wires of the screen in its to-and-fro motion and
prevent injuring the same. By arranging the wires a of the screen as
seen in Figure 2 seeds and substances of different sizes may be

page_text: readily separated and sorted in the same apparatus without requiring the
aid of separate screens of different degrees of fineness as hitherto.
Below the screen and comb I place a table D, either inclined sideways
thereto, as seen dotted in Figure 3 of the Drawing, or so as to incline
downwards towards either side, as shown in the same Figure. Above
the table D I place transverse partitions E, the spaces between which
form a number of inclined shoots, in which the proceeds of the screening
operation full, and are conducted to different receptacles according to
their degree of fineness. These partitions E I make adjustable on the
table D, and fix then by means of bolts e, as seen, so that the grain or
other substances to be screened may be sorted into different quantities
or into any number of sizes required.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention
to be protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
1st. I claim constructing sieves or screens with radiating wires for
screening or separating grain, seed, shot, or other substances of different
sizes, substantially in the manner shown and described.
2ndly. I claim the comb or cleaner C operating in combination with
the screen, substantially in the manner shown and described.
3rdly. I claim the single and double inclined tables D and adjustable
partitions E in combination with screen A for separating or classifying
grain, seed, shot, and other substances, all as herein-before shown and
described.
2
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Waugh, have hereunto set 2
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.