Improvements in Cocks or Valves.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Mar., 1899-Accepted, 29th Apr., 1899
Improvements in Cocks or Valves.
We, DANIEL JOSEPH MCOSKER, Book-keeper, OWEN FRANCIS GARVEY, Manager,
and GEORGE EDWARD PALMER, Merchant, all of Providence, Rhode Island, United
States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement;
This invention relates to cocks or valves used in connection with gas burners
and in certain kinds of apparatus for containing and dispensing liquids.
Referring to the accompanying drawing,
Figure 1 is a view of an improved device embodying our invention, partly in
vertical section, and showing the construction and arrangement of the operating
parts.
Figure 2 is a similar vertical section, showing the valve in its closed position,
with the key detached.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section on line x-x of Figure 1, showing the
position of the key with the valve open.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section on line y-y of Figure 2, showing the
position of the key with the valve closed.
Figure 5, is a view of the spring, the action of which maintains the contact of
the valve with its seat.
Figure 6 is a vertical section showing a modification; the key-expelling devices
being here transferred to the valve.
Figure 7 shows a key designed to be used in connection with the valve as
constructed in Figure 6.
Figures 8 and 9, show a valve detached, and key for the same, constructed
without the employment of a spring..
Figure 10 shows another form of valve, having the top screw covered.
Figure 11 shows a further modification in which the key remains in the cock
actionless when the gas is cut off.
The object of our invention is to produce a cock which shall be so constructed
and arranged that all accidents from the escape of gas or liquid, either by way
of leakage or open valve, shall be entirely precluded, and consists in the devices
for operating and locking such valve, hereinafter described.
It is well understood that accidents result more or less frequently from the
escape of gas, caused by the unintentional change of the valve from a closed to
an open position. This is sometimes brought about by a continued or oft
repeated jar; but more commonly by some blow or pressure upon the key, either
of the hand or some object which is being manipulated in its vicinity. It some-
times occurs when the valve is fitted loosely, from the sudden withdrawal of
the hand after turning off the gas..
In our invention, A, Figure 1, is the rear end of a gas fixture which is attached
to the gas pipe. B is the valve; C the seat and D the key for operating the
valve. The operating parts of the valve and key are both shown in vertical

page_text: section. The valve seat C, is made with a closed top E, thus preventing any
escape of the gas in that direction. There is a passage or aperture through both
the valve and valve seat. These apertures are brought into line with, or at right
angles to, each other by the rotation of the valve in its seat in the same manner
and with the same result, so far as the flow of the gas is concerned, as obtains in
the devices now in use..
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1;
Fis a narrow spring at the bottom of the valve, and Ga key-guide which
is forced in against the spring F, and partially rotated until its lugs or ears
become engaged and hold it in position. The key-guide G has a bell-shaped opening
at the bottom for the easy introduction of the key to the point of operation, and
also a horizontal slot or radial recess to admit the passage of the lugs h h upon
the key D.
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The key D is constructed with the lugs h h upon either side of the hollow
sleeve J. Within the hollow sleeve J is a pin K having a collar L and a spiral
spring M.
1
Commencing with the parts in the position shown in Figure 2, with. the valve
closed, the key D is moved upwards and enters the key-guide G until the end,of
the pin K becomes inserted in the valve B. The continued upward pressure upon
the key overcomes the resistance of the spring M, and carries the lugs h h, upon
its upper end, above the top of the key-guide G, so that said lugs hh enter the
radial recesses g g formed diametrically opposite each other in the lower end
of the valve, when a rotary motion imparted to the key, secures it in the position
shown in Figure 1, and at the same time brings together the aperture of the
valve and the apertures through the seat, and permits the flow of the gas. The
spring F covers but a small part of the upper surface of the key-guide G, and
leaves sufficient space for the rotary movement of the lugs h h upon the key, which
rotary movement is limited by suitable interior stops N N, formed upon the
upper face of the key-guide, as shown in Figures 3 and 4.
When it is desired to shut off the gas; the key D is turned back until the
lugs hh engage the openings in the key-guide G, when the key drops out,
through the action of the springs M, the valve having at the same time become
closed, as shown in Figure 2.
Instead of having the key drop out, the parts may be so constructed that the
key will drop down into a locking position, without becoming entirely detached
from the fixture.
.
In Figures 6 and 7 we have shown the spring for expelling the key, trans-
ferred to the valve. This construction is entirely practicable, although we con-
sider that better results are obtained by the arrangement of the devices' as
shown in Figures 1 and 2. It is also possible to operate the device and secure
to a great extent the benefits of the invention, without employing any spring
whatever, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, although we consider the arrangement, and
operation of the spring a desirable part of our invention.
If it is desired to retain the ordinary construction of the valve seat with its
rotating disc O on top as shown in Figure 10, such disc can be covered with à
metallic shell P, and the escape of gas therefrom thus prevented.
The key D may be attached to the fixture by a flat chain, if desired, or it may
be carried in the pocket, or put in a safe place convenient for use.
It will now be readily seen that so long as the key D remains in place, the
gas will flow, and that with the removal of the key, the gas is shut off and
cannot be turned. on again without the deliberate act of again inserting and
turning the key, thus avoiding all danger of accident from escaping gas. The
use of the key is especially desirable in places where the presence of a light is
dangerous, as it makes it possible to put the care of the light in the hands of a
responsible person, without whose presence it cannot be used.
In Figure 11, is shown a modification, in which the key remains in. the cock
actionless when the gas is shut off. This is accomplished by using a pin ',
instead of the lugs described. This pin passes loosely through a slot, in the

page_text: valve stem and when the key is thrown down by the spring F, it lodges in a
recess, which holds the key in the cock, and at the same time prevents it
from turning.
The devices herein described are also useful, and are designed in part for use
in connection with liquids which are valuable, or which require careful handling.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is;-
1. The combination with a valve casing, and valve provided with a central
opening and diametrically opposite recesses in one end, of a key-guide seated
within the bottom of the casing and provided with a central opening and radial
recesses, a hollow key provided with external lugs and a spring-actuated pin
within the key designed to eject the key from the valve in a given position of the
latter, substantially as set forth.
2. The combination with a valve casing and valve provided with a central
recess in one end and with radial recesses extending from the central recess, of a
key-guide within the bottom of the casing provided with a central opening and
radial recess, a spring between the key-guide and valve, a hollow key provided
with external lugs and a longitudinally movable pin within the key and having
an enlargement, and a spring surrounding the pin and designed to urge it into
operative relation with the valve whereby both springs serve to urge the valve
upon its seat when the key is inserted, substantially as specified.
3. The combination with a valve casing and valve provided with recesses in one
end, of a key-guide provided with a central opening, radial recesses, and with
limiting lugs (upon its upper face) and a key provided with lugs designed to
engage the recesses in the valve and to abut against the lugs upon the key-guide
to limit the rotation of the valve, substantially as specified.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.