Improvements in and appertaining to Cyoles or Velocipedes.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 15th July, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 16th Apr., 1892—1ccepted, 21st May, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and appertaining to Cyoles or Velocipedes.
HENRY MELTON MARSDEN 106 Vincent Road Sharrow Sheffield in County
of York Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to safety and other cycles or velocipedes in which ball
bearing and metal driving chains are used and consists first in making the ball
bearing cups and the driving chains of combined mild and hard material such as
iron and steel or mild and hard steels so arranged that when made up for use the
steel for the inside or wearing surfaces shall be capable of being very thoroughly
hardened and tempered if necessary without materially altering. the temper or
toughness of the other or outside or sides covering and supporting layer or layers
of milder or softer metal.
It also further consists in making the chain links with strengthening ribs webs or
feathers bent up or down in or out so as to strengthen the chain and increase its
resistance to torsional or tensile strains.
These strengthening ribs webs or feathers are applicable to all chains made from
punchings or shapings from sheet steel or metal simple or compound.
Dated this Fifteenth day of July 1891.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and appertaining to Cycles or Velocipedes.
HENRY MELTON MARSDEN Manufacturer 106 Vincent Road, Sharrow Sheffield
in County of York do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to safety and other cycles or velocipedes in which ball
bearings and metal driving chains are used and consists in making the ball bearing
cups and the metallic driving chains out of combined hard and mild material
such as combined iron and steel or mild and hard steels so arranged that when
made up for use the steel for the wearing surfaces shall be capable of being
thoroughly hardened and hardened and tempered if necessary without materially
altering the temper or toughness of the covering and supporting layer or layers of
milder or tougher metal.
In carrying out this invention I cut or punch a disc or blank of a size and
thickness according to the size and depth of the cup it is intended to form out of it
and hot or cold but preferably whilst cold press it into shape by the aid of any
adequate machinery.
The thickness of the material out of which the ball bearing cup is to be formed
may somewhat vary but in making a ball bearing cup for an ordinary safety cycle
it requires to be about 12 gauge and the thickness of material out of which the chain
sides are to be formed will require to be about 17 gange more or less. The pins or
revits I make with a soft central core.
In the accompanying drawings
A represents a section of iron and steel or of two steels united together as two
veneers.
The shaded line A shewing the steel veneer or face of hard steel as distinct from
the backing of iron or milder and tougher steel,

page_text: B is a finished hall bearing cup made according to this invention shewing the
hardened steel lining with its backing of iron or of milder and tougher steel as
the case may be.
C shews a section of B.
D represents a section of material suitable for the central links having the steel
intended to form the wearing surfaces in the centre and also forming the two outside
layers the steel or harder metal forming the central and two outside layers with a
layer of iron or milder metal between them as shewn by the unshaded parts. In
making the outside liuks for these driving chains I use the same composite material
as I use for the ball bearing cups illustrated by diagram A or same as that illustrated
by diagram D or I arrange the iron or tougher metal as a central layer between
two outside layers of steel. They are rolled to the thickness required or to the
section required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is
1. A cycle or velocipede fitted with ball bearing cups that have a solid lining
of steel for their inside face or faces only, and a tough layer of iron or mild steel
forming the backing or body of the cup instead of being all solid steel throughout
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
2. A cycle or velocipede fitted with a driving chain formed out of composite
material substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
3. A ball bearing cup made from composite material substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the drawings annexed.
4. A driving chain made out of composite material substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated.
Dated this 14th day April 1892.