IMPROVE- MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS, FURNACES, AND FLUES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Rydill, of Grove House, Dewsbury, in
the County of York, Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS, FURNACES, AND FLUES."
Sealed the 18th February 1873, and dated the 28th December 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Rydill at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th December 1872.
I, GEORGE RYDILL, of Grove House, Dewsbury, in the County of
York, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS, FURNACES, AND FLUES," to be as
follows:-
This my Invention has for its object to improve the present con-
struction of steam boilers, furnaces, and flues, so as to cause a saving of
about one-third of the fuel now consumed under steam boilers, and
obtaining by this Invention of improvements greater heating surface,
better construction of boiler and furnace, and retaining a greater heat
in the flues, both in and round the boiler, also greater area of flue
room, which improvements are arranged and intended to work in con-
nection with my Invention, dated December 24th 1872, No. 3901.

page_text: In carrying out this my Invention of improvements I remove the
grate bars and bridge from the interior of the fluc or flucs in Cornish
boilers, and place the furnace or furnaces in front of the boiler instead
of in the flues; and in place of the grate bars and bridge being fixed in
the fluc or flucs I fix hollow, conical, or other shaped tubes in any
required form or number up to the end of the boiler.
.
And in order to make my Invention of improvements clear and under-
stood I construct a furnace in front of a tube or tubes of a Cornish
boiler. This furnace is made with a water space all round, which is
attached to the Cornish boiler end, lined and arched with fire-brick,
having grate bars near the bottom, with two doors or openings, one near
the bottom and the other opposite the fluc, so that access to the end of
the flue or tubes can at any time be had. The grate bars are fixed at
any reasonable distance below the boiler, fluc, or tubes; the ash-box is
formed of metal underneath the grate bars, and may or may not form
part of the boiler. At the bottom or sides of ash-box I fix openings
to admit hot or cold air to the furnace, and to remove ashes, which
doors or openings are so constructed as to shut tight up when required,
so as to resist pressure of steam; but I prefer to fix in the fluc or
Cornish boiler ends tubes similar to those fixed in a locomotive
boiler, commencing at the front end of the flue or boiler, and
extending any reasonable distance into the interior of the boiler;
and as many boilers are made much larger than tubes could be obtained,
I prefer to place what I call a chamber, so that the ends of the tubes
rest in a pierced plate, access to this chamber being had through a tube
coming to the top of the boiler or through the side, making up the
man-hole with a lid in the usual way from this chamber, into which the
first set of tubes are brought. Another length of tubes are continued
from this, the lower end of the chamber, to or near the end of the boiler,
which second tubes I prefer to have them of larger diameter than the
first length of tubes, so that in case of replacing any of the tubes at tho
front end of the boiler they can be drawn through the back tubes; and
providing a boiler requires three lengths of tubes or more, I again make
the third length of tubes larger than the second lengths, so that the first
or second lengths will draw through the back lengths of tubes. In this
way I carry any reasonable length of tubes and chambers through any
length of boiler. Each chamber is securely stayed to the boiler plates,
in order to keep a firm position, having suitable tubes and man-holes

page_text: leading into cach chamber. These tubes may reach the end of the
boiler, but I prefer to let them finish about three feet from the back end
of the boiler, coming into a short tube, so that I may form a connection
betwixt the two flues through the water space. The two ends of the
boiler tubes I brick up or fix on a door, and the heated products of com-
bustion from the furnace pass through the tubes and chambers without
going through the end of the boiler, causing the products of combustion
to pass from the right-hand flue through the opening near the back end
of the boiler and down the left-hand flue, retaining the heat in the boiler
for two lengths of flue, and enabling one furnace to heat the two flues.
The second fluc may be similarly constructed as the first flue, or it may
be a tube fitted with hollow, conical, or other shaped tubes; and when
the heated products of combustion reach near the front end of the boiler
they are turned through an opening made on the left-hand side of the
boiler connecting the interior fluo with one constructed of metal, either
cast or wrought iron, which conveys the products of combustion up the
left side of the boiler across the end, then along the metal flue down the
right-hand side of the boiler to near the front end, then it enters a metal
flue or gantery which supports the boiler under its entire length, and
causes the heated products of combustion to again reach the back end
of the boiler; when it is turned down the left-hand side of the boiler
along a flue, one side being formed of the metal plates, so that the
heated products are still retained within the flues, giving out its heat on
the back side of the metal plates, so as to retain the full heat as much
as possible to the sides of the boiler so that the heated products of com-
bustion travel along the left-hand side a second time until it reaches
near the front end, when it passes underneath the centre flue, and then
along the right-hand side of the boiler flue, heating the flue plates until
it reaches the back end of the boiler; it then enters the flue leading to
the chimney. These iron fluc sides may be formed as a water space of
several inches in thickness, and the right and left hand sides of the
second flues may be formed of brick or iron; and in case two boilers are
placed side by side, I construct a flue to take the heated products
of two boilers into one flue on leaving the front end of the boiler or
boilers for the last time.

page_text: millions of cube feet of cold air from passing into the interior flue or
flues of Cornish boilers to support combustion by erecting the furnace at
the front end of boiler or boilers, which furnace may be surrounded by a
water space; or a brick furnace supported by iron plates may be erected
in front of the boiler or boilers, the ash-box being made to close up
tight when required. I connect a steam pipe with valve to the ash-box,
and when the tubes require to be cleaned or cleared of soot or dust I
draw out the fire whilst a steam pressure remains in the boiler; and
after seeing that all is closed and made secure in the ash-box, also
furnace doors, I open the steam valve, and in several seconds the tubes
are cleaned out by the action of the steam passing through the tubes,
chambers, and flues. Access to the flues is obtained through doors fixed
at the front end of the boiler.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Rydill in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 27th June 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
RYDILL, of Grove House, Dewsbury, in the County of York, Merchant,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Hor
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-two, in
the thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said George Rydill, Her
special licence, that I, the said George Rydill, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as Ị, the said George Rydill, my
exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ircland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STEAM BOILERS, FURNACES, AND FLUES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said George Rydill, my exccutors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,

page_text: and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Rydill, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
"
In carrying out this my Invention of improvements I remove the.
grate bars and bridge from the interior of the flue or flues in Cornish
boilers, and place the furnace or furnaces in front of the boiler instead
of in the flues; and in place of the grate bars and bridge being fixed in
the flue or flues I fix hollow conical or other shaped tubes in any
required form or number up to the end of the boiler, and in order to
make my Invention of improvements clear and understood, I construct
a' furnace in front of a tube or tubes of a Cornish boiler; this furnace is
mado with a water space all round which is attached to the Cornish boiler
and lined and arched with fire-brick, having grate bars near the bottom
with two doors or openings, one near the bottom and the other opposite
the flue, so that access to the end of the flue or tubes can at any time be
had; the grate bars are fixed at any reasonable distance below the boiler
flue or tubes, the ash-box is formed of metal underneath the grate bars
and may or may not form part of the boiler. At the bottom or sides of
ash-box, I fix openings to admit hot or cold air to the furnace and
to remove the ashes, which doors or openings are so constructed as to
shut tight up when required so as to resist pressure of steam; but I
prefer to fix in the flue or Cornish boiler ends tubes similar to these
fixed in a locomotive boiler commencing at the front end of the fluc or
boiler, and extending any reasonable distance into the interior of the
boiler; and as many boilers are made much longer than tubes could be
obtained I prefer to place what I call a chamber so that the ends of
the tubes rest in a pierced plate, access to this chamber being had
through a tube coming to the top of the boiler or through the side,
making up the man-hole, with a lid in the usual way from this chamber
into which the first set of tubes are brought. Another length of tubes arc
continued from this, the lower end of the chamber, to or near the end of
the boiler, which second tubes I prefer to have them of larger diameter
than the first length of tubes, so that in case of replacing any of the
tubes at the front end of the boiler, they can be drawn through the back

page_text: tubes; and providing a boiler requires three lengths of tubes or more,
I again make the third length of tubes larger than the second lengths,
so that the first or second lengths will draw through the back lengths of
tubes. In this way I carry any reasonable length of tubes and chambers
through any length of boiler. Each chamber is securely stayed to the
boiler plates in order to keep a firm position, having suitable tubes and
man-holes leading into each chamber; these tubes may reach to the end of
the boiler, but I prefer to let them finish about three feet from the back
end of the boiler, coming into a short tube, so that I may form a
connection betwixt the two flues through the water space. The two ends
of the boiler tubes I brick up or fix on a strong door, and the heated
products of combustion from the furnace pass through the tubes and
chambers without going through the end of the boiler, causing the
products of combustion to pass from the right-hand flue through the
opening near the back end of the boiler and down the left-hand fluc,
retaining the heat in the boiler for two lengths of flue and
enabling one furnace to heat the two flucs; the second flue may be
similarly constructed as the first flue, or it may be a tube fitted with
hollow conical or other shaped tubes, and when the heated products of
combustion reads near the front end of the boiler they are turned
through an opening made on the left-hand side of the boiler connecting
the interior flue with one constructed of metal, either cast or wrought
iron, which conveys the products of combustion up the left side of
the boiler across the end, then along a metal flue down the right-hand
side of the boiler to near the front end; then it enters a metal flue or
gantery which supports the boiler under its entire length, and causes the
heated products of combustion to again reach the back end of the boiler.
These iron flue or gantery sides may be formed as a water space of
several inches in thickness, and the right and left hand sides of the
second flues may be formed of brick or iron; and in case two boilers are
placed side by side, I construct a flue to take the heated products of two
boilers into one fluc on leaving the front end of the boiler or boilers for
the last time.

page_text: at the front end of boiler or boilers, which furnace may be surrounded by
a water space, or a brick furnace supported by iron plates may be erected
in front of the boiler or boilers. The ash-box being made to close up
tight, when required, I connect a steam pipe with valve to the ash-box, and
when the tubes require to be cleaned or cleared of soot or dust, I draw
out the fire whilst a steam pressure remains in the boiler, and after
seeing that all is closed and made secure in the ash-box, also furnace
doors, I open the steam valve and in several seconds the tubes are
cleaned out by the action of the steam passing through the tubes,
chambers, and flues; access to the flues is obtained through doors fixed
at the front end of the boiler.
Having fully described my said Invention, I would have it understood
that I claim the construction of a metal furnace containing a water
space in front of Cornish boilers, also the present constructed Cornish or
Lancashire boilers now in use, either as a distinct furnace and boiler, or
connecting the same to any fixed boiler having a metal jacketed ash-pit
space, or one of the metal unjacketed, capable of resisting pressure either
of air or steam containing suitable doors and openings.
Also the construction of a Cornish or Lancashire or other boiler
having but one fire or furnace to heat the two flues, and retaining the
heat of the products of combustion for two lengths of the boiler flues,
and constructing tubes and chambers, so that the first set of tubes will
draw through the second set of tubes, or the second set of tubes will
draw through the third set of tubes, as described in this Specification.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Rydill, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.