Year: 1895

page_text: 1, JOHN PHILLIPPS of Westoning Brick Works near Ampthill Bedfordshire
Brickworks and Pottery Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
A continuous chamber kiln containing 14 or more chambers half on each side.
The number of chambers and size of same can be made as required. The opening
or wicket for the introduction of the bricks into the chamber is in the side walls.
The hot air flue is on the top of chamber and connected to all the chambers on kiln.
The hot air is regulated by a fly damper and is taken from the cooling chambers
to the bottom of chamber filled with green bricks. The steam flue, which is
alongside of the hot air flue on top of chambers is connected to all the chambers
and regulated by a fly damper in the flue, is to take the steam away from the green
bricks. The main flue is in the bottom of the chambers and the draught is
regulated by a damper in each chamber.
The material in chambers of kiln would be dried & burned as follows:-
Supposing chambers 1. 2. 3. cooling 4. 5. 6. 7 firing 8. 9. 10 drying 11. 12 filling.
13. 14 emptying. The hot air from chamber 1 would be taken through the bell cap
& branch flue to hot air flue on to opening in chamber 8. & steam would be taken
from the other end of chamber through a bell cap & branch flue to steam flue direct
to chimney. The damper in main flue would be opened the same time to allow the
steain from the bottom bricks of the same chamber to escape to chimney.
When chambers 8. 9. 10 are dried & chamber 12 is filled the position of the
dampers & bell caps would be removed one chamber forward & so on as drying &
burning progressed. The advantages of the hot air & steam flues are to take the
steam from the top instead of allowing it to travel through the bricks to the bottom
flue. The feed holes are on the top of the kiln.
Dated this 28th day of December 1895.
JNO. PHILLIPPS:
Солидиои СпатUCI
I JOHN PHILLIPPS of Westoning Brick. Works near Ampthill in the County of
Bedford, Brick Works and Pottery Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of..
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly.
described. and. ascertained in, and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a continuous chamber kiln and has for object to improve
the construction and increase the efficiency of the same.
In carrying out my invention I provide in addition to the ordinary down draught
flue a flue connected with each chamber of the kiln by an opening in the crown of
the same whereby the fire can be drawn upward when required the said opening.
Price dl

page_text: being controlled by a bell cap the other end of each flue is connected with a steam
or smoke flue.
I also employ inlet flues by which the waste heat from the cooling chambers
instead of being brought into the tops of the chambers as hitherto is brought into
the bottoms of the chambers in which green bricks or other goods have been
placed.
To enable my invention to be fully understood 1 will describe how it can be
carried into practice by reference to the accompanying drawings in which :-
Fig. 1 is a plan partly in section of a continuous chamber kiln provided with my
improvements.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of a 14 (or more) chambered kilu.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section through the central portion of the kiln.
Fig. 4 is a transverse section through the central portion of the kiln shewing
arrangement of flues for small kilns.
Similar letters of reference indicate similar or corresponding parts where they
occur in the several views.
The various parts of the kiln are constructed in the usual mauner, and is provided
with a suitable number of chambers similar to A. with which the passage ways B
communicate. C are the feed holes and D the chimney stack.
Now my improvements consist of→
Firstly constructing the smoke flues E and E beneath the inside foundations
walls in order that their capacity may be increased and a greater draught obtained.
Each chamber A is provided with a smoke outlet flue F which leads to the
respective main flue E communicating with the chimney stack D. G. is a door for
cleaning purposes and H is a regulating damper.
Secondly the arrangement around the upper portion of the kiln of an enclosed
channel or flue I termed the hot air flue which communicates with the chambers A
through the apertures J, openings J' and branch flues J2 are controlled by bell
caps K & fly dampers N¹ branches L are led downwardly from said hot air flue to
the inlet flues M leading into the bottoms of the chambers A: By the use of the
flues the waste heat which is drawn from the cooling chambers through the
apertures J and openings J¹ is conveyed by branch flues L through inlet flues M to
the lower green bricks or other goods so that they may be dried before the upper
ones thus preventing squabbing down. The steam generated by the hot air passes
away to the chimney D through the flues O.
N are iron covers to facilitate the escape of the hot air when the kiln is required
to be cooled.
>
Thirdly my updraught flues which are connected to the crowns of the
chambers A by the branch flues Q and openings O' are controlled by bell caps P
and fly dampers R and are connected to the main flue E by passage S. By the use
of the flues O the fire in the chambers A can be drawn upwards in addition to being
drawn downwards by the flues E thus enabling the bricks or other goods at the top
of the chambers to be burut equally as hard as those at the bottom thereby
preventing the loss occasioned by them being under and over burnt as is frequently
the case by the kilns hitherto in use.
T indicates the division walls between the chambers A.
}
T' are openings at the bottoms of the round or corner chambers to convey the hot
air up through the green bricks. T2 pits for regulating dampers.
For small kilns (Fig. 4) I should do away with bell caps P openings O¹ and fly
dampers N' in branch flues J2 and Q and add fly dampers U in flue L & fly
damper R in branch flues J2 and damper V in flues J2 & Q. The damper V
would be so worked that when the branch hot air flue J' is open the branch steam
flue Qwould be closed & " vice versa."
By this arrangement both the hot air & steam would be taken out through one
opening in the chambers A to flues I & O respectively thus giving the same
results as if it were taken through two separate openings as before described
(Fig. 1. 2. 3).

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A continuous chamber kiln having updraught flues communicating with the-
chambers through the crowns thereof and with the main chimney flue substantially-
as and for the purpose described.
2. A continuous chamber kiln having waste beat flues communicating at one end
with the bottoms of the chambers and at the other end with the usual waste heat
flues substantially as & for the purpose described.
3. Complete drying of all goods by the waste heat (from chambers burnt off).
before coming into contact with the fire thereby saving a large amount of fuel in
comparison with clamp or Scotch kilns.
4. The steam being taken away from the top & bottom of chambers at one-
time the risk of squabbing during the process of drying off or steaming is
obviated.
5. The cheapness of construction considering its capacity as compared with other
kilns.
6. The hot air flue being alongside the steam flue there is no condensation and
consequently no drip.
7. The improved kiln before described and illustrated in the accompanying:
drawings.
Dated this 26th day of August 1896.
JNO. PHILLIPPS,
Applicant.