IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND IMPLEMENTS FOR PLOUGHING
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Augustus Dacre Lacy, of Hall House, Knayton, in
the County of York, Genetleman, and William Collett Homersham, of
Adelphi Terrace in the County of Middlesex. Civil Engineer. for the
LETTERS PATENT to Augustus Dacre Lacy, of Hall House, Knayton, in
the County of York, Genetleman, and William Collett Homersham, of
Adelphi Terrace in the County of Middlesex. Civil Engineer. for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND IMPLEMENTS FOR PLOUGHING
Sealed the 1st November 1860, and dated the 7th September 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Augustus Dacre Lacy
and William Collett Homersham at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 7th September 1860.
We, AUGUSTUS DACRE LACY, of Hall House, Knayton, in the County of
York, Gentleman, and WILLIAM COLLETT HOMERSHAM, of Adelphi Terrace, in
the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND IMPLEMENTS FOR
PLOUGHING AND CULTIVATING LAND," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists, in the first place, in the combination of the delivering
and guiding apparatus for the rope or chain herein-after described and referred
to with the capstan, and a rope or chain, the slack or tail of which is drawn
after the implement. The delivering apparatus is similar to that described in
the Specification of the Patent granted to Augustus Dacre Lacy and myself,

page_text: No. 1989, 1857, except that it is intended to be applied either to the upper
or the lower coil of the rope, according to the direction in which the capstan is
caused to revolve. The apparatus may be either placed in duplicate on the
spindle, or singly, and so as to admit of being moved as required by an
attendant. The delivering pulley is also, by preference, made with curved
spring arms, of such form as to render the pulley capable of exerting greater
pressure when delivering the tail rope than when guiding the hauling rope.
Also in combination with the delivering apparatus (when using the capstan
with a smooth periphery) we sometimes use guides for the rope, consisting
either of pieces of metal fixed so as to act on one or more coils of the rope,
and thereby move it upwards or downwards out of the line in which it enters on
the capstan, or of revolving discs, with their periphery acting against the rope
for the same purpose.
Our Invention consists, in the second place, in adapting and applying stays
to prevent the screw pile from being drawn forward when inserted in the ground
vertically. These stays are of such form, and are fixed in the ground in such
a manner in relation to the screw pile, that a considerable extent and depth of
earth must be displaced before the pile can be drawn forward. These stays
are used in combination with the vertical screw piles for fixing the capstan or
other portions of the machinery exposed to strains in a lateral direction.
Our Invention consists, in the third place, in tapering the shank of the
screw pile at the lower part, in order to facilitate the entrance of the same into
the ground, and I prefer to make the screw thereof of wrought iron, for the
same purpose.
1
Our Invention consists, in the fourth place, in combining two or more screw
piles, when required, by arranging them so that the strain coming in whatever
direction will be distributed on at least two of such piles.
Our Invention consists, in the fifth place, in making the frame of the rope
porters of wrought iron and timber, and so constructed as to admit of being
fixed together by four bolts. I prefer to make the pulleys of wrought iron and
timber.
And our Invention consists, in the last place, in causing a revolving coulter
on ploughs or other implements to revolve in the direction opposite to that in
which the implement is drawn.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Augustus Dacre Lacy and William Collett Homersham in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th March 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, AUGUSTUS
DACRE LACY, of Hall House, Knayton, in the County of York, Gentleman, and
WILLIAM COLLETT HOMERSHAM, of Adelphi Terrace, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Augustus Dacre Lacy and William Collett Homersham, Her special license
that we, the said Augustus Dacre Lacy and William Collett Homersham, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Augustus
Dacre Lacy and William Collett Homersham, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND IMPLEMENTS FOR PLOUGHING
AND CULTIVATING LAND," upon the condition (amongst others that we, the
said Augustus Dacre Lacy and William Collett Homersham, by an instrument
in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE. that I, the said William Collett Homersham, on behalf
of myself and of the said Augustus Dacre Lacy, do hereby declare the nature
of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, refer-
ence being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures
marked thereon (that is to say):-
Our Invention of "Improvements in Machinery and Implements for
Ploughing and Cultivating Land" consists, in the first place, in the com-
bination of the delivering and guiding apparatus for the rope or chain herein-
after described and referred to with the capstan, and a rope or chain, the slack

page_text: or tail of which is drawn after the implement. The delivering apparatus is
similar to that described in the Specification of the Patent granted to us, No.
1989, 1857, except that it is intended to be applied either to the upper or the
lower coil of the rope, according to the direction in which the capstan is caused
to revolve. The apparatus may be placed on the spindle either in duplicate or
singly, and so as to admit of being moved as required by an attendant. The
delivering pulley is also, by preference, made with curved spring arms, of such
form as to render the pulley capable of exerting greater pressure when deliver-
ing the tail rope than when guiding the hauling rope. Also in combination
with the delivering apparatus (when using the capstan with a smooth periphery)
we sometimes use guides for the rope, consisting either of pieces of metal fixed
so as to act on one or more coils of the rope, and thereby move it upwards
or downwards out of the line in which it enters on the capstan, or of
revolving discs, with their periphery acting against the rope for the same
purpose.
Our Invention consists, in the second place, in adapting and applying stays
to prevent the screw pile from being drawn forward when inserted in the
ground vertically. These stays are of such form, and are fixed in the ground
in such a manner in relation to the screw pile, that a considerable extent and
depth of earth must be displaced before the pile can be drawn forward. These
stays are used in combination with the vertical screw piles for fixing the
capstan or other portions of the machinery exposed to strains in a lateral
direction.
Our Invention consists, in the third place, in tapering the shank of the screw
pile at the lower part, in order to facilitate the entrance of the same into
the ground, and we prefer to make the screw thereof of wrought iron for the
same purpose.
;
Our Invention consists, in the fourth place, in combining two or more screw
piles, when required, by arranging them so that the strain coming in whatever
direction will be distributed on at least two of such piles.
Our Invention consists, in the fifth place, in making the frame of the rope
porters of wrought iron and timber, and so constructed as to admit of being
fixed together by four bolts. We prefer to make the pulleys of wrought iron
and timber.
And our Invention consists, in the last place, in causing a revolving coulter
on ploughs or other implements to revolve in the direction opposite to that in
which the implement is drawn.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention, we will proceed to

page_text: describe more particularly in what manner the same is to be performed, by
the aid of the accompanying Drawings, in which are represented the parts
above referred to.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is an elevation; and Fig. 2, a plan or horizontal view of a capstan
and its appurtenances with some of our improvements applied thereto.
.
A is the capstan, mounted as shewn, or it may be otherwise mounted, and
the gearing may be otherwise arranged; B is the delivering apparatus, (similar
to that described in the Specification of the Patent granted to us, No. 1989,
1857,) shewn in Fig. 1, as applied in duplicate, that is to say, both to the upper
and the lower coil of the rope; C is the delivering pulley with spring arms, so
formed as to be capable of exerting greater pressure when delivering the tail
rope D than when guiding the hauling rope E. This delivering pulley is shewn
detached on an enlarged scale at Fig. 3. In Fig. 1 are also shewn the guides
F, F, for the rope (when a capstan with a smooth periphery is used), consisting
of revolving discs with their periphery acting against the rope, for the purpose
of moving it upwards or downwards out of the line in which it enters on the
capstan. But these guides need not always be used in combination with the
delivering apparatus.
In
This delivering apparatus may also be used in combination with a grooved
double capstan, as illustrated by Figs. 6, 7, and 8, in the Drawings of the
Specification above referred to. G, G, are the stays for preventing the screw
pile from being drawn forward when inserted in the ground vertically.
Figs. 1 and 2 these stays are shewn applied to the screw piles for fixing the
capstan, but they are also shewn in other Figures herein-after referred to
applied to other parts of the machinery. These stays are variously formed, but
in all cases so as to present a considerable surface to the ground below the
surface in a horizontal direction, and so as to render it necessary that a con-
siderable extent and depth of earth should be displaced before the pile can be
drawn forward. In Figs. 4 and 5 these stays are shewn applied to the guide
pulleys for the rope, Fig. 4 being a plan or horizontal view, and Fig. 5 an
elevation. The pulley H is secured by an endless chain I to the screw pile K,
to which the stay is applied below the surface of the ground, and the stability
of the pile is further increased by the stay L. Fig. 6 is an elevation of the
stay G. It will be seen on reference to the several Figures in which the screw
pile K is represented, that its shank is tapered at the lower part, by which its
entrance into the ground is facilitated, and it is preferred that it should be made
of wrought iron for the same purpose. By this formation of the shank of the

page_text: pile when applied in this manner, strength is given to the upper part to resist
the strains brought upon it as well as the lower part, where considerable less
strength is required, being tapered, is more easily made to enter the ground.
For the sake of economy we have found it convenient to make the piles of
malleable cast iron.
Fig. 7 is a plan or horizontal view, and Fig. 8, a vertical section of another
form of stay G. This stay is in the form of a ring of suitable depth, to give
it sufficient hold on the ground. This form of stay may be applied to the
capstan or other parts of the machinery, and likewise to piles used for other
purposes wherein lateral stability is required.
Fig. 9 represents a rail or girder fixed at each end by means of a screw
pile K and stay G. Along this girder may be shifted and fixed at any required
part thereof a ring M for securing the guide pulley H, shewing the applicability
of the screw piles as a support for the rails, referred to in the Specification of
Lacy's Patent, No. 2641, 1855.
Fig. 10 represents three screw piles K combined, so as to form a triangle,
by means of the struts or ties N. By this means the strain on the guide
pulley H will be distributed over two or more piles and stays.
Fig. 11 is a transverse vertical section; Fig. 12 an elevation; and Fig. 13
a plan or horizontal view of a rope porter, shewing its construction of timber,
with two flanges of wrought iron rivetted together through the timber, also
shewing how its frame is united by four bolts.
Under the last head of our Invention instead of using coulters which are
caused to revolve by the progressive motion of the plough or other implement,
we make the coulter or coulters to revolve in the opposite direction thereto,
by means of gearing from the wheel of the implement, or other mechanism
adapted for the purpose.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we hereby declare that what we claim
as of our Invention, is,-
First, the combination of the delivering and guiding apparatus herein-before
described with the capstan, and a rope or chain, the slack or tail of which is
drawn after the implement.
Secondly, the adaptation and application of stays to the holding screw pile,
of such form as to be capable of resisting the drawing forward of the pile, in
the manner described.
Thirdly, the tapering of the shank of the screw pile, in the manner
represented and for the purpose described.

page_text: Fourthly, the combination of two or more screw piles so as to distribute the
strain on them, in the manner described.
Fifthly, the construction of the frame of the rope porters of wrought iron
and timber, and so as to be fixed together by four bolts.
And, lastly, the adaptation and application to ploughs and other implements
of a revolving coulter or coulters, caused to revolve in the direction opposite to
that in which the implement is drawn.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Collett Homersham, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
WILLIAM SPENCE,
50, Chancery Lane, W.C.,
Patent Agent.
W. COLLETT HOMERSHAM. (L.S.)