IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS, THE SAME BEING ESPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR LIGHTING FROM THE ROOF
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Harvie, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS, THE SAME
BEING ESPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR LIGHTING FROM THE ROOF."
Sealed the 12th January 1877, and dated the 30th August 1876:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Harvic at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th August 1876.
"IM-
WILLIAM HARVIE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain
PROVEMENTS IN LAMPS, THE SAME BEING ESPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR LIGHTING FROM
THE ROOF."
This Invention, which relates to improvements in lamps which are specially
adapted for lighting from the roof, is applicable more particularly to the lighting of
railway and other carriages, including tramway cars, ships' cabins, and analogous
purposes.
The improved lamp constituting the present Invention consists at the lower part
of an oil vessel, above or around which is an air space communicating with a hollow
passage or cap over the burner or burners. The hollow space aforesaid is connected
by one or more tubes which pass through a covering or dome, and thereby the
hollow space communicates with the air above the dome or covering.
The dome or covering is provided with a chimney at the centre, and its periphery
is surrounded with a conical ring or seating which, when the lamp is placed within
the lanthorn, rests tightly within a corresponding conical ring which forms part of
the lanthorn proper, or an equivalent scating for the lamp within the lanthorn may
be adopted.
The conical seating or its equivalent is situated somewhere about mid-way in the
height of the lanthorn, so that when the lamp is in place therein the dome or
covering divides the lanthorn into an upper and lower chamber, and the draught
through the central chimney draws air down through the tube or tubes into the
hollow air space, in passing through which it becomes more or less heated, and the
cap of the burner causes it to impinge directly on the flame. The arrangement of
lamp herein-before described enables mineral oils to be burnt without the aid of a
'chimney immediately surrounding the flame.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said William Harvie in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th February
1877.
"E
WILLIAM HARVIE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain. IM-
PROVEMENTS IN LAMPS, THE SAME BEING SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR LIGHTING FROM
THE ROOF."
My said Invention relates to improvements in lamps, especially adapted for
lighting from the roof, and it is applicable more particularly to the lighting of
railway and other carriages, tramway cars, ships' cabins, and for analogous purposes,
but it may also be used as a street lamp
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood I now proceed
more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or manner in or under which the
same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, reference being had to the
annexed Sheets of Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say :-
On the Sheet of Drawings hereunto appended Figure 1 is a vertical section;
Figure 2, a plan; and Figure 3, an clevation partly in section, at right angles to
Figure 1, of the improved lamp constructed in accordance with my said Invention,
and which is adapted for burning heavy mineral, animal, or vegetable.oil.
The lamp, as seen at Figures 1 and 2, consists at its lower part of an oil vessel A,
above which an air space B communicating with a hollow cap C over the burner is
made. To the hollow space B one or two tubes D are connected, and these at their
upper ends pass through a covering or dome E, and thereby the hollow space B
communicates with the outer air through openings c made in the lanthorn around
the said dome or covering. The dome is provided with a chimney F, and at its
periphery it is surrounded with a conical ring or seating a which when the lamp is
placed within the lanthorn G fits over and rests upon a similar ring b formed on
the lanthorn, or an equivalent seating for the lamp within the lanthorn may be
adopted.
By means of the arrangement herein-before described the action of the flame,
when the lamp is placed on the ring b, draws in the air necessary to support com-
bustion of the oil, and a current of air is thereby established in the direction of
the arrows from the upper space or chamber X through the vertical tubes D, the air
space B, and perforated disc d, to the burner where the air impinges upon the
flame at the opening in the cap C. The products of combustion pass upwards
through the central chimney F, escaping out of the lanthorn through the annular
opening H, as shown by the arrows. Lamp tops of various shapes may be
used, provided they are constructed so as to prevent the wind blowing down the
chimney F.
A reflector is or may be placed below the dome E, as seen at Figure 1, and a
hole may also be drilled through the glass globe G for inserting a key through for
the purpose of adjusting the wick when the lamp is in position.
Figure 4 is a detailed section of the lower part of the lamp apart from the
lanthorn, the cap C of the lamp in this case being better suited for use when heavy
mineral oils are employed. A small hole is by preference formed in the lower part
of the tubes D for the purpose of creating a slight draught, and thereby drawing in
vapour which may collect on the interior of the globe G.
Figures 5 and 6 are enlarged detailed views of the cap O, also seen at Figure 4.
Perforations are by preference formed in these caps for the same purpose as the
small holes in the bottoms of the tubes D, herein-before described.
Figure 7 is a plan of the metal plate or sheet d. The cap C, shown at Figures 1
and 3, is more suitable for burning animal and vegetable oils.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the same is or
may be used or practically carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that

page_text: I am aware that lamps constructed in part like that shown on the annexed Sheet of
Drawings have been previously used, I do not therefore claim the "separate parts
herein-before described of the said lamp, but what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is, the combination of the several parts by which an enclosed space
or chamber X at the upper parts of the lanthorn is formed and connected by the
vertical tubes D with the space or chamber situated above or around the oil vessel
and communicating with the hollow cap or cover C surrounding the wick, all inside
the lanthorn, substantially as set forth with reference to the appended Sheet of
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Harvie, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of February, One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-seven.
WILLIAM HARVIE. (L.S.)