IMPROVEMENTS IN HAID AND FLOW ROW
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Greenwood, Brush Manufacturer, and
Isaac Underwood, Hair Dresser, both of Bradford, in the County of
Vork for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAID AND FLOW ROW"
Sealed the 10th January 1865, and dated the 12th July 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Greenwood and
Isaac Underwood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 12th July 1864.
We, BENJAMIN GREENWOOD, Brush Manufacturer, and ISAAC UNDERWOOD,
Hair Dresser, both of Bradford, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAIR AND FLESH
BRUSHES," to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to brushes to be employed for brushing the
human hair and skin, and consist in fixing a series of narrow brushes on to a
long endless belt or strap, and crosswise thereof; the aforesaid belt passes over
pullies mounted in a frame, rotatory motion being imparted to said pullies by
wheelwork. By these means the brush is rendered flexible or yielding, id est,
those parts between the centres of the two pullies, being unsupported when
brought into contact with the human head or body adapt themselves readily
to the form or shape thereof, and it is this peculiar mode of making rotating
hair brushes that constitutes the feature of novelty in these improvements.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Benjamin Greenwood and Isaac Underwood in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 12th January 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, BENJAMIN
GREENWOOD, Brush Manufacturer, and ISAAC UNDERWOOD, Hair Dresser, both
of Bradford, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Benjamin Greenwood and Isaac Underwood, Her special licence that
we, the said Benjamin Greenwood and Isaac Underwood, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Benjamin Greenwood
and Isaac Underwood, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN HAIR AND FLESH BRUSHES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said Benjamin Greenwood and Isaac Underwood, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Benjamin Greenwood and Isaac
Underwood, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, that is to say:-
These improvements relate to brushes to be employed for brushing the
human hair and skin, and consist in fixing a series of narrow brushes on to a
long endless belt or strap, and crosswise thereof; the aforesaid belt passes over
pullies mounted in a frame, rotatory motion being imparted to said pullies by
wheelwork or otherwise. By these means the brush is rendered flexible or
yielding, id est, those parts between the centres of the two pullies being
unsupported when brought into contact with the human head or body adapt
themselves readily to the form or shape thereof, and it is this peculiar mode

page_text: improvements.
And in order to explain our said Invention as completely as possible, we
now proceed to describe the best means we are acquainted with for carrying
the same into practical effect, reference being had to the illustrative Drawing
accompanying these Presents, and to the numeral figures and letters of
reference marked thereon respectively, as follows:-—
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of our Invention; Figure 2, an end view of
Figure 1 at A; Figure 3, a sectional plan view of Figure 1, at each of the
foregoing Figures we employ similar letters of reference to denote corre-
sponding parts, in so far as such parts appear or can be seen at each of such
said Figures respectively.
A, A, are plates of brass formed with bosses a, b, c, d, thereon; B is a tie
rod serving by means of the plates C, C, fixed thereon to keep the plates A, A,
the required distance asunder, and also for tightening the endless belt of
brushes, presently described; D, E, are wooden rollers of equal diameters
fixed on metal axis G and H, capable of revolving in holes formed in the
bosses a, b, c, d; I is an endless belt or strap of leather or other suitable
material passed over the rollers D, E; K are pieces of wood with bristles
fixed therein; the pieces K are respectively fixed side by side on to and across
the belt I by means of screws, glue, or other convenient and suitable means,
thus forming an endless pliable belt of brushes; L, L, are rollers for keeping
the aforesaid endless belt on the rollers D and E; and by forcing the plates
C, C, against the edges of the bosses a, b, the leather belt I may be tightened
more or less, so as to produce any desired degree of pliability of the endless
belt of brushes; M, M, are wooden handles, which the operator takes hold
of when using the improved brush; N is a pulley fixed on the axis or spindle G,
over which a strap or band is to be passed for imparting rotatory motion to
the roller D and endless belt of brushes, by placing said strap in communi-
cation with any suitable prime mover. Brushes constructed as above described
by reason of their pliability adapt themselves readily to the form of the head
or other part of the body to which they may be required to be applied.
Having now fully described and set forth the nature and object of our
said Invention for "Improvements in Hair and Flesh Brushes," together
with the best means we are acquainted with for carrying the same into
practical effect, we would remark in conclusion that we do not intend to limit
or confine ourselves to the precise details of construction above described and

page_text: represented, as the same may be varied; and we hereby declare our Invention
to consist in, and we claim, constructing rotatory hair and flesh brushes, as
above stated with reference to the accompanying Drawing, whereby they are
rendered pliable by reason of the brushes or bristles not being fixed upon and
around a solid roller, as heretofore practised.
In witness whereof, we, the said Benjamin Greenwood and Isaac
Underwood, have hereunto set our hands and seals, the Eleventh day
of January, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
BENJN. GREENWOOD. (L.S.)
ISAAC UNDERWOOD.
(L.S.)
BENJN. GREENWOOD. (L.S.)
ISAAC UNDERWOOD.
(L.S.)