A MEANS; OF CLEANSING OR PURIFYING THE 'THAMES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Constantine Nicolaus Kottula, of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Soap Manufacturer, for the Invention of "A MEANS;
OF CLEANSING OR PURIFYING THE 'THAMES."
"
Sealed the 13th December 1859, and dated the 13th June 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Constantine Nicolaus
Kottula at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 13th June 1859.
I, CONSTANTINE NICOLAUS KOTTULA, of Liverpool, in the County of Lan-
caster, Soap Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A MEANS OF CLEANSING OR PURIFYING THE THAMES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in increasing the specific gravity of the water of the
river beyond that of sea water, by dosing it with common salt, applied in such
manner as to ensure the melting of the salt, and to prevent its being deposited
on the bed of the river in the form of crystals. The river water will be to
some extent purified, and will become heavier than that of the sea, whereby
the former instead of being driven back by the incoming tide will give way to
the flow of the sea water, and will allow it to flow up while the river water
will run out or remain under the sea water.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Constantine Nicolaus Kottula in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 13th December 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CONSTANTINE
NICOLAUS KOTTULA, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Soap Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Constantine Nicolaus Kottolua, Her special licence that I, the said Con-
stantine Nicolaus Kottula, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Constantine Nicolaus Kottula, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "A MEANS OF CLEANSING OR PURIFYING THE THAMES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Constantine Nicolatis
Kottula, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Constantine Nicolaus Kottula, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists in increasing the specific gravity of the water of the
river beyond that of sea water, by dosing it with common salt applied in such
manner as to ensure the melting of the salt, and to prevent its being deposited
on the bed of the river in the form of crystals. The river water will be to
some extent purified, and will become heavier than that of the sea, whereby
the former instead of being driven back by the incoming tide will give way to
the flow of the sea water, and will allow it to flow up while the river water
will run out or remain under the sea water.
In order to insure the salt melting and combining with the river water, I

page_text: use the salt in a state of powder, and mix with it alum in the proportion of
about half a ton of alum to one hundred tons of salt. I recommend that the
salt be applied when the tide is running down, and it will be found that after
a few tides the river will be clearer and more pure than before the application;
the dosing with salt, however, will require to be continued some time, and then
renewed from time to time, according to the state of the river.
In witness whereof, I, the said Constantine Nicolaus Kottula, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of December, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
CONST. N. KOTTULA. (L.S.)