IMPROVEMENTS IN JOURNAL BEARINGS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN ALLISON, of the firm of Allison Brothers, Patent Agents, of
52 Chancery Lane, London, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JOURNAL BEARINGS" to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to that class of Journal Bearings which have alternate
circumferential grooves and ridges to take up longitudinal thrust strains, and
prevent longitudinal movement of the parts, and the especial object of the said
invention is to provide means for lubricating the journal bearing so constructed.
The axle or shaft has its journal provided with alternate circumferential grooves
and ridges, which take up the longitudinal thrust or strain, and prevent a longi-
tudinal displacement of the journal in its bushing or bearing boxes.
The bushing or bearing boxes are each semi-cylindrical in form, each constituting
one half of the bearing box or bushing. These bushings or bearings have transverse
grooves and ridges made to conform to the grooves and ridges of the journal.
These bushings or bearing boxes may be made slightly tapering or conical on the
outside, and have an annular flange at the larger end and an assembling nut threaded
on the smaller end. The bushings or bearings constructed as above described are
especially designed for application to railway car wheels, though they may well be
adapted to other uses. The bushings constructed in this form are first placed upon
the journal and then pushed into the hub of the wheel which is turned out to fit
the exterior of the bushing pieces, the said bushing pieces being pushed into the
wheel until the flange stops against the inner face of the wheel hub, and then the
assembling nut is screwed on to the outer or smaller end of the bushing, and the
parts are thus held firmly assembled together. The interior of the nut is chambered
out so as to form an oil or lubricant chamber or reservoir, from which the oil or
lubricant is fed into the bearings of the journal. This oil reservoir is filled through
an inlet aperture which is closed exteriorly by a screw plug. For convenience of
lubricating there may be two or more of these lubricating inlets, so as to use the
one which happens to be nearest to the top at the time of lubrication,

page_text: The parts of the invention above described are not very much unlike similar or
corresponding parts now in use, and are well adapted to independent railway car
wheels and other uses, but the difficulty heretofore experienced in such bearings
has been to lubricate them. This difficulty is obviated by the following described
construction.
Each of the bushings or bearing boxes has a longitudinal channel or duct, of say
one quarter inch in diameter, more or less, bored from the front and nearly through
the entire length of the said bearing or bushing. These channels are bored in, so
as to have about one half of them cut through the section occupied by the apex of
the circumferential grooves, and the other half bored in the solid metal of the
bearing box. There may be one or more of these lubricating channels bored into
each of the balves of the bearing box, and the outer end of each of the said
lubricating channels is in free and open communication with the oil or lubricating
chamber above mentioned, so that through the said lubricating channels a free flow
of the lubricant is always maintained to each and all of the retaining grooves and
ridges of the bearing and journal.
A similar lubricating channel is also bored into the journal from the end of the
axle; the said channel like those above described for the bearing boxes or bushings,
is bored one half through the apex of the grooves and the other half in the solid
metal of the journal. By these means the journals are fully and thoroughly
lubricated throughout their entire length, and these bearings are thus fully and
completely adapted to the use of independent car wheels and similar purposes.
For independent car wheels and similar purposes, the axle or shaft is held
stationary and the wheel revolves around it, and for these and similar uses I extend
the lubricating duct last mentioned, a short distance beyond the inside of the
bearing, and by a lateral duct and tube connect it with a large oil or lubricating
reservoir, from which a large amount of lubricant can be fed on to the bearing.
The grooves and ridges of this bearing are made sloping on their sides..
1004

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, HERBERT JOHN ALLISON, of the firm of Allison Brothers, Patent Agents, of
52 Chancery Lane, London, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JOURNAL BEARINGS
" and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to that class of journal bearings which have alternate
circumferential grooves and ridges to take up longitudinal thrust strains, and
prevent longitudinal movement of the parts, and the especial object of the said
invention is to provide means for lubricating the journal bearing so constructed.
The invention and the details of the mechanism relating thereto will be readily
understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, of which,
Fig. 1, is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the improved bearing.
Fig. 2 is a front elevation of it.
Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional elevation taken on the line xx of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 shows a front end elevation of the journal and its two bearings or bushing
pieces, each of the said three parts in this figure being slightly separated from the
others, so as to fully illustrate the construction of each.
Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of each of the three parts shown in
Fig. 4, and as in that figure, the parts are each separated from the others, for
perspicuity of illustration.
The axle or shaft A has its journal A¹ provided with alternate circumferential
grooves a and ridges a¹, which take up the longitudinal thrust or strain, and
prevent a longitudinal displacement of the journal in its bushing or bearing boxes.
The bushing or bearing boxes B B', are each semi-cylindrical in form, each
constituting one half of the bearing box or bushing. These bushings or bearings
have transverse grooves b, and ridges b' made to conform to the grooves a and
ridges a' of the journal.-In the examples shown in the drawings, these bushings
or bearing boxes are made slightly tapering or conical on the outside, and have an
annular flange b at the larger end and an assembling nut c threaded on the smaller
end, as clearly shown in the drawings.-The bushings or bearings constructed as
above described are especially designed for application to railway car wheels,
though they may well be adapted to other uses.-The bushings constructed in this
form are first placed upon the journal and then pushed into the hub of the wheel
which is turned out to fit the exterior of the bushing pieces, the said bushing pieces
being pushed into the wheel until the flange 63 stops against the inner face of the
wheel hub, and then the assembling nut c is screwed on to the outer or smaller end
of the bushing, and the parts are thus held firmly assembled together.-The interior
of the nut c is chambered out so as to form an oil or lubricant chamber or reservoir, e,
from which the oil or lubricant is fed into the bearings of the journal.―This oil
reservoir is filled through an inlet aperture e¹ which is closed exteriorly by the
screw plug e-For convenience of lubricating there may be two or more of these
lubricating inlets, so as to use the one which happens to be nearest to the top at
the time of lubrication.
The parts of the invention above described are not very much unlike similar or
corresponding parts now in use, and are well adanted to independent railway car

page_text: wheels and other uses, but the difficulty heretofore experienced in such bearings
has been to lubricate them. This difficulty is obviated by the following described
construction.
Each of the bushings or bearing boxes B—B¹ has a longitudinal channel or duct, D,
of say one quarter inch in diameter, more or less, bored from the front and nearly
through the entire length of the said bearing or bushing, as shown in the drawings.—
These channels are bored in, so as to have about one half of them cut through the
section occupied by the apex of the circumferential grooves b, and the other half
bored in the solid metal of the piece B or B¹, as the case may be.-There may be
one or more of these lubricating channels bored into each of the pieces B or B¹, and
the outer end of each of the said lubricating channels is in free and open communi-
cation with the oil or lubricating chamber,. e, so that through the said lubricating
channels a free flow of the lubricant is always maintained to each and all of the
retaining grooves and ridges of the bearing and journal.
A similar lubricating channel, E, is also bored into the journal from the end of
the axle; the said channel E, like those above described for the bearing boxes or
bushings, is bored one half through the apex of the grooves a, and the other half in
the solid metal of A¹. By these means the journals are fully and thoroughly
lubricated throughout their entire length, and those bearings are thus fully and
completely adapted to the use of independent car wheels and similar purposes.
For independent car wheels and similar purposes, the axle or shaft A is held
stationary and the wheel revolves around it, and for these and similar uses I extend
the lubricating duct E a short distance beyond the inside of the bearing, and by a
lateral duct e, and tubo o², connect it with a large oil or lubricating reservoir E¹,
from which a large amount of lubricant can be fed on to the bearing.―The grooves
and ridges of this bearing are made sloping on their sides, as shown in the
drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declaro that what
I claim is
L
1st A journal bearing formed of a two part bushing, cach section of which has
transverse angular grooves and ridges alternating throughout the entire length of
the bearing surface and fitted to conform to similar grooves and ridges formed
circumferentially on the axle journal and each of the said parts of the bushing
provided with one or more longitudinal lubricating tubular conduits bored one half
in the solid metal of the bushing pieces and the other half through the transverse
thrust grooves.
2d A journal bearing formed with circumferential thrust grooves and ridges and
provided with longitudinal lubricating channel or duct bored one half in the solid
metal of the journal and the other half cutting the apex of the circumferential
grooves.
3d The Journal A provided with sloping sided circumferential grooves and
ridges alternating and covering nearly or quite its entire bearing surface, and a
longitudinal lubricating duct E, bored through the bodies of the ridges so as to cut
through the apex of each peripheral groove-and have a free channel beyond said
apex, so as to cause a flow of lubricant of each groove, the said duct to extend
inwardly beyond the bearing part, and there be connected by a lateral duct c and
tube e³, with an oil reservoir.
Dated this 93rd dow of Momb 1985