IMPROVEMENTS IN DOUBLING AND TWISTING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Sidney Emsley, Agent, of Bradford, and Samuel Smith,
Machine Maker, of Low Bridge Works, Keighley; both in the County of York,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN DOUBLING AND TWISTING, AND IN
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
Sealed the 12th February 1878, and dated the 17th August 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Sidney Ensley and Samuel
Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th August
1877.
SIDNEY EMSLEY, Agent, of Bradford, and SAMUEL SMITH, Machine Maker, of Low
Bridge Works, Keighley, both in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DOUBLING
AND TWISTING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
This Invention relates to further improvements in apparatus for doubling and
twisting for which Letters Patent were granted to us, dated the Eleventh day of
March, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six, No. 1073.
In carrying out the Invention as described in the said Specification of the said
Letters Patent, we have found, that in stopping the delivery and twist simultaneously
on the breakage of one or more threads, that the flyer becomes loose by the sudden
shock produced by the friction of the spindle band on the dead spindle, and also by
the abrupt stoppage of the same causing the rebounding of the bobbin, and the
twist to become slack and entangled between the flyer and bobbin.
The object of our present improvements is to obviate or remedy these defects, for
which purpose we construct the spindle with a shoulder upon which rests a loose
wharle having a flat top surface; the wharle is actuated in the usual manner by a
band from a cylinder; over the wharle and on the spindle is fitted a weighted plate
having a collar and angular flange, the angle being formed on the under side of the
flange; the inside of the weighted plate is cut in its length with a slotted groove in
which works a pin fitted in the spindle; the under side of the weighted plate is made
flat, over which is fixed a leather washer; this leather fits on the top of the loose wharle,
Di 971

page_text: producing friction, actuating the spindle by means of the pin fixed in the spindle,
and working in the slotted groove of the weighted plate; this plate is made to work
down when in contact with the wharle, when doubling and twisting, and to work
up on the cessation or breakage of a thread or threads.
The weighted plate is lifted by means of a brake or wedge, which is fitted to a
rod or lever connected to the bent lever, on which is fitted the bearings of the top
roller or boss; the threads coming from the bobbins pass over the top of an oscillating
plate, then through twizzles formed on guides made angular and of wire, which work
loosely in slot holes formed in the oscillating plate; this plate works on pivots; the
threads after passing through the twizzles pass through rollers or bosses to the
spindle; the tension of the threads holds up the wire guides. Should a thread or
threads break, the hanging end or ends of the guides fall and come in contact with
a revolving wing of a fan, causing the plate to oscillate and lift a catch, foreing
forward the top roller or boss fitted to the bent lever, actuating the lever and pulley
in the brake or wedge on to the angular flange, lifting the weighted plate from the loose
wbarle. By these means on the breakage or stoppage of a thread, the drawing of
the roller, the twisting of the spindle, and the unwinding from the other bobbins, are
gradually stopped.
We twist or unwind upon our apparatus, or other twisting or winding machines,
by employing hollow conical tubes which we pass into the cops from which they are
unwound; the hollow conical tubes are placed on short fixed conical spindles fitted
in the apparatus, enabling the cops and tubes to be easily placed or removed without
disturbing the adjoining ones, preventing the lifting of the cops the same height as
would be required for long fixed spindles, and allowing shorter distances between
the cops and guides, giving greater facility to the worker.
We also employ conical tubes made hollow only part of their length, leaving solid
small points for cotton cops, and still have the hollow parts to fit on the short fixed
conical spindles. The cops being placed on the short conical spindles, the ends of the
threads are passed over suitable guides, fitted above and below the cops, and behind
are fitted tubes or bobbins round which the ends of the threads are passed to get the
necessary drag or tension to hold up the angular wire guides in the oscillating trap
plates.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Sidney Emsley and Samuel Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office.
on the 16th February 1878.
SIDNEY EMSLEY, Agent, of Bradford, and SAMUEL SMITH, Machine Maker, of Low
Bridge Works, Keighley, both in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DOUBLING
AND TWISTING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH.”
The said Invention relates to further improvements in apparatus for doubling and
twisting, for which Letters Patent were granted to us, dated the Eleventh day of
March, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six, No. 1073.
In carrying out the Invention as described in the Specification of the said Letters
Patent, we have found, that in stopping the delivery and twist simultaneously on the
breakage of one or more threads, that the flyer becomes loose from the sudden shock
produced by the friction of the spindle band on the dead spindle, and also by the
abrupt stoppage of the same, causing the bobbin to rebound and the twist to become
slack and entangled between the flyer and bobbin.
The object of our present improvements is to obviate or remedy these defects, for
which purpose we construct the spindle with a shoulder upon which rests a loose
wharle having a flat top surface; the wharle is actuated in the usual manner by a
band froin a cylinder; over the wharle and on the spindle is fitted a weighted plate
having a collar and angular flange, the angle being formed on the under side of the
flange; the inside of the weighted plate is cut in its length with a slotted groove in
which works a pin fitted in the spindle; the under side of the weighted plate is made
flat, over which is fixed a washer, by preference of leather; the washer fits on the top of
the loose wharle, producing friction, actuating the spindle by means of the pin fixed
in the spindle, and working in the slotted groove of the weighted plate; this plate
is made to work down when in contact with the wharle, when doubling and twisting,
and to work up on the cessation or breakage of a thread or threads.
The weighted plate is lifted by means of a brake or wedge which is fitted to a
rod or lever connected to the bent lever on which is fitted the bearings of the top
roller or boss; the threads coming from the bobbins pass over the top of an oscilling
plate, then through twizzles formed on guides made angular and of wire, which work
loosely in slot holes formed in the oscillating plate; this plate works on pivots; the
threads after passing through the twizzles pass through rollers or bosses to the
spindle; the tension of the threads holds up the wire guides. Should a thread or
threads break, the hanging end or ends of the guide or guides fall and come in
contact with the revolving wing of a fan, causing the plate to oscillate and lift a
catch, which causes the top roller or boss to slide forward, actuating the lever and
pulling in the brake or wedge on to the angular flange, lifting the weighted plate
from the loose wharle. By these means. on the breakage or stoppage of a thread,
the drawing of the roller, the twisting of the spindle, and the unwinding from the
other bobbins, are gradually stopped.
We twist or unwind upon our apparatus or other twisting or winding machines,
by employing hollow conical tubes which we pass into the cops from which they are
unwound; the hollow conical tubes are placed on short fixed spindles fitted in the
apparatus, allowing the cops and tubes to be easily placed or removed without
disturbing the adjoining ones, preventing the lifting of the cops the same height as
would be required for long fixed spindles, and allowing shorter distances between
the cops and guides, giving greater facility to the worker.
We also employ tubes made hollow part of their length only, leaving solid small
points for cotton cops, and still have the hollow parts to fit on the short fixed
spindles. The cops being placed on the short spindles the ends of the threads
are passed over suitable guides, fitted above and below the cops, and in front, tubes
or bobbins are fitted, round which the ends of the threads are passed to get the

page_text: necessary drag or tension to hold up the angular wire guides in the oscillating trap
plates.
But in order to enable our improvements to be better understood we will pro
ceed to more particularly describe the same by reference to the accompanying
Drawings, in which,
Figure 1, Sheet 1, represents a side elevation of improved apparatus for doubling
and twisting; and Figure 2, front elevation of the same.
Figure 3 represents a sectional side elevation of friction driving disk, and front
elevation of spindle and driving pulley or wharle; Figure 4, side elevation of the
same.
Figure 5, Sheet 2, represents a side elevation of doubling and twisting apparatus
with friction driving gear, actuating a front and back spindle, with trap apparatus
for stopping both spindles at the same time.
'
Figure 6 represents side elevation of cop tubes, short cop spindles, and guides.
Similar letters of reference are used in all the Figures to represent similar parts.
The
The
A, side frame of the apparatus, to which is fitted the spindle rail B and roller
bearing rail C. In the spindle rail are fitted spindles D, and each spindle is con-
structed with a shoulder E, on which works a loose ring F, preventing wear and
tear. On the ring works a loose wharle G having a flat surface H. The wharle
is actuated in the usual manner by a band from a cylinder, but the spindle may be
driven by friction, as herein-after described. Over the wharle G and on the
spindle D is fitted a weighted plate I, having a collar J and angular flange K.
weighted plate is cut in its length with a groove L, in which works a pin M, fitted
in the spindle D. A washer N is fixed on the under side of the weighted plate I,
which, coming in contact with the revolving loose wharle G, produces friction, and
actuates the spindle D by means of the pin M and the weighted plate I, being in
contact with the loose wharle G, when doubling and twisting, and lifted from
contact on the cessation or breakage of a thread or threads O. The plate I is lifted
by means of a break or wedge P, which is lined with leather or wood Q.
wedge is formed or fitted on the end of a lever R, which is connected by a stud to
the end of a lever S. The lever R works in guides T, cast on a plate U, secured to
the spindle rail B. The lever S is made with projecting pieces V, which work in
recesses formed in guides W, cast on a rail X, secured to the brackets Y, which are
secured to the back of the bottom roller bearers Z. The lever S is made with a
projecting arm A¹, having brackets B', in which work the top roller or boss C'. The
top of the lever S is made with chipping pieces D', which work loosely in openings E',
made in plates F', which are secured on the arms G₁ of the brackets Y. The
threads coming from the bobbins H¹ pass over a guide rod I', and through twizzles J¹
formed on wire guides K', which work loosely in slot holes L', formed in an oscil-
lating plate M¹. This plate works on pivots N', which work in openings formed
in brackets P', which are cast on the plate F¹ The oscillating plate M₁ is made
with a balance weight Q and slide R¹. The slide keeps the twizzle wires Kin
working position. One end of the balance weight is made with a projecting piece. S',
on which rests the end of a catch lever T". This lever is connected to the lever S,
and on the top of the lever S is fitted a small rod U₁, having a guide V', having
openings through which the threads pass to keep the threads separate between the
rollers, producing a more perfect cabled twist than the ordinary twizzle guide.
We also employ a drag plate W' for the bobbin, having a pin X' made with an
angular-shaped head, which enters an opening made in the bottom. of the bobbin.
The angular head prevents the bobbin lifting by the tension on the yarn.
The tension of the threads holds up the wires K'; but should a thread or threads
break, or on the stoppage of a thread or threads, the wires K fall, as shewn. in
dotted lines, and the hanging end or ends come in contact with the revolving wing
of a fan Y, causing the plate M¹ to oscillate, which lifts up the catch lever. T!,
releasing the lever, and causing the top roiler or boss C to slide forward and
actuate the lever S, pulling in the wedge P, which lifts the weighted plate I. from
contact with the loose wharle G, stopping the spindle.

page_text: For driving the spindles by friction, we employ for each spindle a friction pulley.
or disc Z', which is fitted either in front or at the back of the spindle on a shaft A2;
the pulley or disk is made with a ring B2, over which is passed a ring of leather-or
hard wood C², forming the fall plate of the pulley or disc, which is kept in position
by a loose ring D2, and secured by screws E2, which pass through the loose ring and
leather and screw in the back plate F; the pulley is secured to the shaft by a set
screw G2, the bevelled surface of the leather ring acts on the bevelled surface of a
Joose weighted spindle, driving wharle or pulley H2, having a collar J and angular
flange K; the weighted wharle is cut in its length with a groove L, in which works
a pin M fitted in the spindle D; when the bevilled surface of the weighted
wharle H2 is in contact with the bevelled surface of the pulley or disc Zand the
pulley is revolving, the friction actuates the wharle H2, which gives the revolving
motion to the spindle by means of the pin M in the groove L. The trap and trap
gear act in a similar manner to that herein-before described on the breakage or
cessation of a thread or threads, and lift the weighted wharle H2 from contact with
the pulley or disk Z', stopping the spindle. By these means we double and twist
two, three, four, or more fold yarns, and stop the delivery and twist simultaneously
on the breakage or cessation of one or more threads.
For two-fold yarn requiring much twist, we double and give a slight twist of
two or three turns on the trap twister, and give a further twist by placing the
bobbin with the yarn slightly twisted I2 on the spindle J2 of the spindle K², fitted
at the back of the spindle D; this spindle is fitted with a short flyer L³, having no
traverse, which allows the running at double speed to the ordinary fly spindle; the
short spindle K2 is fitted in a collar rail M² and step rail N2, and is driven by a
friction pulley or disk Z', herein-before described, which actuates a weighted wharle
or pulley of spindle 0%, constructed without a collar and angular flange; the
wharle O2 is cut in its length with a groove L, in which works a pin M fitted in
the spindle K. The yarn coming from the bobbin 12 passes through a twizzle
or guide P fitted on a bar Q2, fixed on standards R* fastened to the creel board S2;
when the spindle K2 is employed, the front creel board Y2 is removed, which can
be replaced without removing the spindle K2, rails, or driving gear, and the same
apparatus used as a many fold trap twister; should a thread break, the cessation of
continuity occurs; the oscillating plate M' actuates the lever S of the trap twister,
herein-before described, and actuates a lever T2, secured to the top of the lever S;
this lever T is fitted with a wedge U2 and works in a guide V2, the wedge acts
on the hevil of the wharle 0³, and at the same time that the wedge
stops the
spindle D, the wedge U stops the spindle K2 by lifting the weighted wharle 02
from contact with the friction pulley or disk Z'.
We may here remark that we make no claim to the back spindle except when
used in combination with the driving friction motion and trap gear.
The hollow conical tubes W2 for crops are passed on short fixed spindles X2 fitted
in the back creel board S2; the tubes are made straight in the part fitting on the
short spindles, and for cotton cops we make the part Z entering the cops solid,
by these means allowing of the cops and tubes being easily placed and removed,
preventing the lifting of the cops the same height as would be required for long
fixed spindles, giving greater facility to the worker; the ends of the threads or yarn
are passed in guides A³ and round bobbins B³ covered with cloth or other similar
material to get the necessary drag or tension to hold up the angular wires of the
oscillating trap plates.
Having thus described our improvements and the best means we are acquainted
with for carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that we do not
confine ourselves to the precise details shewn and described, as they may be varied
without departing from the peculiar character of the Invention; but what we
do claim is, the general arrangement, construction, and employment of apparatus
for "doubling" and "twisting" two, three, four, or more fold yarns, and in stopping
the delivery and twist simultaneously on the breakage or cessation of one or more

page_text: threads, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before described, and represented
in the accompanying Drawings.
myself
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Smith, for and on behalf of
and the said Sidney Emsley, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Fifteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-eight.
Witness,
WALTER JAS. TURNER, C.E.,
Patent Agent,
Bradford.
SAMUEL SMITH. (L.S.)