AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR BREAKING AND STRIpping HEMP, FLAX, INDIAN GRASS, RAMIE, AND OTHER TEXTILES.”
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jacques Théodore Cardon, son, one of the Firm
of J. Cardon, Son, & Co., of Abbeville, in the Department of the
Somme, and in the Republic of France, Manufacturer, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR BREAKING AND STRIpping
HEMP, FLAX, INDIAN GRASS, RAMIE, AND OTHER TEXTILES.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jacques Théodore
Cardon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 21st August 1875.
I, JACQUES THÉODORE CARDON, son, one of the Firm of J. Cardon,
Son, & Co., of Abbeville, in the Department of the Somme, and in the
Republic of France, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR BREAKING AND STRIPPING
HEMP, FLAX, INDIAN GRASS, RAMIE, AND OTHER TEXTILES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved scutching machine for breaking
and stripping or scutching flax, hemp, and other fibrous materials.

page_text: a loose pulley driven by any available motive power; this axle should
makė 250 revolutions a minute. At the other end of this axle is keyed
a cylindrical wheel, communicating motion to the second drum by the
aid of a second cylindrical wheel of equal diameter with- the first. These
two wheels are so keyed on their axles that when the arms of the cross
bars of one of the drums are horizontal and vertical those of the other
occupy the directions of 45 degrees from left to right and from right to
left, and they turn the one upon the other. At the other end of the
axle carrying the second cylindrical wheel is keyed an endless screw,
gearing with an endless screw wheel keyed on the lower part of a
vertical shaft. This shaft is held at its lower part in a socket, its upper
part passing through a support, and having keyed on it a bevil pinion
gearing with another bevil pinion keyed on a horizontal shaft, having
in its centre an endless chain wheel, which transmits motion to a second
horizontal shaft by the aid of an endless chain passing round a second
chain wheel. The endless chain has at certain distances special links,
forming a projection, which serves to draw the nipper along its slideway;
the movement of this nipper is at the rate of about 3 yards a minute.
At the entrance of the sliding way of the nipper is a channel made of
copper, very much hollowed out at the entrance, and with well rounded
edges; it serves to lead the flax to about 4 inches in front of the blades

page_text: or beaters of the drums; this channel is either fixed or moveable,
according to requirement. Finally, at the issue of the slideway is a
channel, termed the outlet channel, of a similar shape to the first, but
movcable horizontally; its object is to permit leaving the flax for a.
longer or a shorter time to the action of the blades or beaters, according
to its nature and quality.
The cylindrical toothed gearing, the endless screw wheel, and endless
screw, and bevil pinion and wheel are covered with sheet iron to
prevent accidents.
The two channels, inlet and outlet, form the basis of this Invention,
together with the fitting of three or more blades or beaters of wood or
other material upon the cross bars as above described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,"
filed by the said Jacques Théodore Cardon in the Great Seal Patent.
Office on the 18th February 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JACQUES
THÉODORE CARDON, son, one of the Firm of J. Cardon, Son, & Co.,
of Abbeville, in the Department of the Somme, and in the Republic of-
France, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Jacques Théodore Cardon, (son,).
Her special licence that I, the said Jacques Théodore Cardon, (son,) my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Jacques Théodore Cardon, (son,) my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King..
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of.
Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR BREAKING AND STRIPPING/
HEMP, FLAX, INDIAN GRASS, RAMIE, AND OTHER TEXTILES," upon the condition.

page_text: One of the axies F carries at one of its ends a fixed pulley 2 and a
loose pulley 3 driven by any available motive power; this axle should
make 250 revolutions a minute. At the other end of the axle F is
keyed a cylindrical wheel L communicating motion to the second drum
by the aid of a second cylindrical wheel L³ of equal diameter with the
first. These two wheels are so keyed on their axles that when the arms
of the cross bars of one of the drums are horizontal and vertical those
of the other occupy the directions of 45 degrees from left to right and
from right to left, as shown in the cross section, Fig. 3; and they
turn the one upon the other in the direction of the arrows. At the
other end of the axle carrying the second cylindrical wheel L' is keyed
an endless screw M'gearing into an endless screw wheel N keyed on to the
lower part of the vertical shaft O. This shaft is held at its lower part
by the socket P, and at its upper part by the support Q. Upon the upper
part of the shaft is keyed a bevil pinion R gearing with bevil
pinion S keyed on the horizontal shaft T, having in its centre a¹ an
endless chain wheel U, which transmits motion to the second horizontal
shaft T by the aid of an endless chain V, which passes round the second
chain wheel U. The two horizontal shafts T and T" are supported by
the three uprights X and support Q. The endless chain has at certain
distances special links, forming projection, which serves to draw the
nipper J along its slide; the movement of this nipper is at the rate of
about 3 yards a minute. At the entrance of the slideway of the
nipper is a channel Y of copper, very much hollowed out at the
entrance, and with well rounded edges; it serves to lead the flax to
about 4 inches in front of the blades or beaters of the drums; this
channel is either fixed or moveable, according to requirement. Finally,
at the issue of the slideway is a channel Z, termed the outlet channel,
of a similar shape to the first, but moveable horizontally, and capable
of giving rather a long travel; its object is to permit leaving the flax
for a longer or a shorter time to the action of the blades or beaters,
according to its nature and quality.
.

page_text: Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is or may be performed, I claim
as secured-to-me-by-the herein-before-in part recited Letters Patent,
the use of the two channels, inlet and outlet, which form the basis of
my Invention, together with the fitting of three or more blades or
beaters of wood or other material upon the cross bars, substantially
as above described and shown on the accompanying Sheet of Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jacques Théodore Cardon (son),
have hercunto set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of
February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-six.
JACQUES THÉODORE CARDON, FILS. (L.S.)