IMPROVE- MENTS IN ROUND BANDS FOR DRIVING THE GROOVED PULLEYS OR SPINDLES OF SPINNING MACHINERY AND OTHER MACHINERY WHERE GROOVED PULLEYS ARE USED.
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert Halliwell, of Long Hope, Gloucestershire,
Wool Stapler and Leather Dresser, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ROUND BANDS FOR DRIVING THE GROOVED PULLEYS OR SPINDLES
OF SPINNING MACHINERY AND OTHER MACHINERY WHERE GROOVED PULLEYS
ARE USED.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert Halliwell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 18th September 1871.
I, HERBERT HALLIWELL, of Long Hope, Gloucestershire, Wool
5 Stapler and Leather Dresser, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROUND BANDS FOR DRIVING THE GROOVED
:

page_text: PULLEYS OR SPINDLES OF SPINNING MACHINERY AND OTHER MACHINERY WHERE
GROOVED PULLEYS ARE USED," to be as follows:—
This Invention relates to the round bands for driving the grooved
pulleys or spindles of spinning machinery and other machinery where
grooved pulleys are used, and which bands are generally made of cotton 5
by the usual process of spinning and twisting several strands together.
Now my improvements consist :-
Firstly. In making round driving bands of strands or strips of sheep-
skin twisted together by ordinary means.
Secondly. In making such bands of cow or other animal skins or 1
hides when prepared as follows, that is, after being dressed in the usual
manner, I soak the said skins in a solution of china clay, and when
about half dry I apply a dressing of palm oil.
Thirdly. In means or manner of producing these strands or strips, I
first cut the skin or hide to a circular or oval form, and I then with a 1
modification of the saddlers' "strap cutter" or guide knife commence
cutting all round the edge, and continue to do so until the hide is cut
into one strand or strip, a series of which are then twisted together.
SPECIFICATION. in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Herbert Halliwell in the Great Seal Patent Office 2
on the 18th March 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Herbert
HALLIWELL, of Long Hope, Gloucestershire, Wool Stapler and Leather
Dresser, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 2
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Herbert Halliwell, Her special licence,
that I, the said Herbert Halliwell, my executors, administrators, and 3
assigns, or such others as I, the said Herbert Halliwell, my executors,

page_text: administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROUND
BANDS FOR DRIVING THE GROOVED PULLEYS OR SPINDLES OF SPINNING MACHINERY
AND OTHER MACHINERY WHERE GROOVED PULLEYS ARE USED," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Herbert Halliwell; my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Herbert Halliwell, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say: —
This Invention relates to the round bands for driving the grooved
pulleys or spindles of spinning machinery and other machinery where
grooved pulleys are used, and which bands are generally made of cotton
by the usual process of spinning and twisting several strands together.
Now my improvements consist:-
Firstly. In making round driving bands of strands or strips of sheep-
skin twisted together by ordinary means.
Secondly. In making such bands of cow or other animal skins or
hides when prepared as follows, that is, after being dressed in the usual
manner for white leather, I soak the said skins in a solution of china
clay, and when about half dry I apply a dressing of palm oil, which
renders the same soft or pliable.
Thirdly. In the means or manner of producing these strands or strips,
I first cut the skins or hide to a circular or oval form, and I then with a
modification of the saddlers' "strap cutter" or guide knife commence
cutting all around the edge, and continue to do so until the hide is cut
into one strand or strip; a series of which are then twisted together.

page_text: Such being the nature of the said Invention, the manner in which the
same is performed or carried into practice will be readily understood as
follows:-
In carrying out the first part of this Invention, the sheep-skins may
be either tanned or dressed in white leather, and when the said skins are
cut into strips of suitable widths, and in as long lengths as can be
obtained, the said strips in any desirable number are twisted together by
ordinary band, rope, or twine-making machinery, forming the round.
driving bands as herein set forth, to which band I may or may not apply
oil to produce softness thereto.
In carrying out the second part of the said Invention, the cow or
other animal (than sheep) skins or hides, after being dressed in the
usual manner with alum and salt for white leather, are soaked in a
solution of china clay, and when about half dry a dressing of palm oil
is applied to them to render them soft or pliable. They are then cut
into strips and twisted together, as before explained in the use of sheep-
skins for bands.
In carrying the third part of this Invention into practice, the skin or
hide is first cut by hand knife around the outer edge to bring it to some-
what of a circular, oval, or other regular form, so that by the use of a
guide knife or knife with a guide or fence to it similar to the saddlers'
strap cutter, a strip may be cut off the edge commencing at any point
and continuing to cut around the skin or hide until the whole (or nearly
so) of the same is cut into one continuous strip or strand. When a
series or number of such are thus cut they are then twisted together, as
heretofore fully explained.
Having thus fully described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into
practical effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself
to any particular detail in the manner or means of working out the
same, but what I claim as my Invention and believe to be new is,—
Firstly. The manufacture and use of round bands of or from sheep-
skins or white leather cut into strips or strands and twisted together as
explained.
Secondly. The manufacture and use of such bands of or from cow or

page_text: Thirdly. The method or means of producing the strips or strands
from the skins or hides for the purposes set forth, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert Halliwell have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert Halliwell have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
HERBERT HALLIWELL. (L.S.)