Improvements relating to Elastic Tyres for Wheels of Velocipedes other Vehicles, and to Methods of and Means for Manufacturing such Tyres.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Aug., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 15th May, 1895-Accepted, 13th July, 1895
and
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Elastic Tyres for Wheels of Velocipedes
other Vehicles, and to Methods of and Means for
Manufacturing such Tyres.
We, EMILE GÉRARD and ADRIEN PICON, both of 91 Rue, Paulin, Bordeaux,
in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
Our invention relates to elastic tyres for wheels of velocipedes and other vehicles,
and to methods of and means for manufacturing such tyres.
A tyre manufactured according to our said invention consists of a tube.of india-
rubber of small thickness, provided interiorly with transverse discs likewise of
indiarubber, which are arranged very near to each other and made by moulding in
one piece with the said tube.
The object of the transverse discs, which divide the tyre into a very great
number of independent air chambers that do not require to be inflated, is to give
to this tyre great strength against flattening while it preserves an elasticity which
is much greater than that of solid indiarubber.
In carrying our invention into practice we provide an indiarubber tube in its
interior with transverse discs made by moulding in one piece with this tube. The
discs are eccentric, for the purpose of distributing the strengthening material in a
suitable manner without uselessly augmenting the weight of the tyre; the discs
are also thicker at the circumference than at the centre, for preventing the collapse
of the tube in the intervals between its transverse supports. But these special
arrangements are of secondary importance, for the form of the spaces in the
interior of the tyre may be varied according to circumstances.
For manufacturing this tyre by moulding we use a mould consisting of cast metal
and made in two parts. In the interior of this mould we place a sheet metal ring
of about 3 millimetres in thickness, which is provided with a series of iron. discs.
The core thus formed is provided with gum in excess and placed in the lower part
of the mould. When the upper part of the mould is put in its place the excess of
material passes into circular grooves provided in the casting.
We then effect the vulcanization of the gum, remove the core with the tyre
round it from the mould, and can then easily take off the tyre owing to the elasticity
of the material.
In the tyre remains a longitudinal slit which is closed up with a piece of the
same thickness and the same width as the slit.
No slit such as that before referred to will be produced if we proceed in the
following manner. The core is formed with a series of half discs fixed concentrically
one beside the other upon a plate of sheet metal. We put gum in the lower part
of the mould, and by the aid of the core placed upon the mould we give to this
gum a cellular form. Then we withdraw the core and proceed in the same manner
with the upper part of the mould. On the two parts of the mould being brought
together the soft gum unites at the edges of the two pieces.
After this it is only needful to vulcanize in order to obtain an absolutely
faultless tyre.
A modification of this method consists in fixing a body formed of discs in a tube,
which discs are connected in the middle so as to constitute a central core.. This
method is h

page_text: Our tyres may be made of any forms and dimensions and applied to wheels of
vehicles of any kind.
Dated this 15th day of August 1894.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Elastic Tyres for Wheels of Velocipedes
and other Vehicles, and to Methods of and Means for
Manufacturing such Tyres.
We, EMILE GÉRARD and ADRIEN PICON, both of 91 Rue Paulin, Bordeaux,
in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained, in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to elastic tyres for wheels of velocipedes and other vehicles,
and to methods of and means for manufacturing such tyres.
A tyre manufactured according to our said invention consists of a tube of india-
rubber of small thickness, provided interiorly with transverse discs likewise of
indiarubber, which are arranged very near to each other and made by moulding in
one piece with the said tube.
The object of the transverse discs, which divide the tyre into a very great
number of independent air chambers that do not require to be inflated, is to give
to this tyre great strength against flattening while it preserves an elasticity which
is much greater than that of solid indiarubber.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a portion of the tyre.
Figure 2 is a transverse section thereof.
Figure 3 is a plan of a mould used in the manufacture of the tyre.
Figure 4 is a portion of the said mould to an enlarged scale.
Figure 5 is a transverse section of Figure 4.
Figure 6 is a section of the partly finished tyre.
Figures 7 and 8 show a modified form of the improved mould and
Figures 9 and 10 show a modified form of the improved tyre.
In carrying our invention into practice we provide an indiarubber tube A in its
interior with transverse discs B made by moulding in one piece with this tube.
The discs B are eccentric as shown in the drawing, for the purpose of distributing
the strengthening material in a suitable manner without uselessly augmenting the
weight of the tyre; the discs are also thicker at the circumference than at the
centre, for preventing the collapse of the tube in the intervals between its
transverse supports. But these special arrangements are of secondary importance;
for the form of the spaces in the interior of the tyre may be varied according to
circumstances.
For manufacturing this tyre by moulding we use a mould consisting of cast metal
as shown in Figures 3 4 and 5 and made in two parts C C. In the interior of this
mould we place a sheet metal ring D of about 3 millimetres in thickness, which is
provided with a series of iron discs E. The core thus formed is provided with gum
in excess and placed in the lower part of the mould. When the upper part of the
mould is put in its place the excess of material passes into circular grooves provided
in the casting.
We then effect the vulcanization of the gum, remove the core with the tyre
round it from the mould, and can then easily take off the tyre owing to the
elasticity of the material.

page_text: In the tyre remains a longitudinal slit m n Figure 6 which is closed up with રી
piece of the same thickness and the same width as the slit.
No slit such as that before referred to will be produced if we proceed in the
following manner. The core is formed with a series of half discs F Figure 7 fixed
concentrically one beside the other upon a plate G of sheet metal.
We put gum
in the lower part of the mould H, Figure 8, and by the aid of the core placed
upon the mould we give to this gum a cellular form. Then we withdraw the core
and proceed in the same manner with the upper part of the mould. On the two
parts of the mould being brought together the soft gum unites at the edges of the
two pieces a and b.
After this it is only necessary to vulcanize in order to obtain an absolutely
faultless tyre.
A modification of this method consists as shown in Figures 9 and 10 in fixing a
body formed of discs L in a tube K which discs are connected in the middle so as
to constitute a central core. This method is however not so advantageous as that
previously described.
Our tyres may be made of any forms and dimensions and applied to wheels of
vehicles of any kind.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
:―
1. A tyre for velocipedes and other vehicles made of an indiarubber tube
provided with numerous solid transverse partition walls cast in one piece with the
said tube.
2. The manufacture of the abovementioned tyres by moulding substantially in
the manner herein before described and with regard to the accompanying drawing.
3. The constructional form consisting in arranging in the interior of the india-
rubber tyre a body consisting of discs joined centrally as herein described.
Dated this 15th day of May 1895.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.