IMPROVE- D " REVOLVING DRESS FIRE ARMS AND AND MAGASINE, 4444 ATT
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Lindner, of the City and State of New
York, in the United States of America, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
D
"
REVOLVING DRESS FIRE ARMS AND
AND MAGASINE,
4444
ATT OT AT THE
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Lindner at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th October 1854.
I, EDWARD LINDNER, of the City of New York, in the United States of
America, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN REVOLVING-BREECH FIRE-ARMS AND MAGAZINE" to be as follows:-
I construct my fire-arm with one barrel, either rifled or plain, and attach a
chambered breech in an opening behind the barrel, so that the upper chamber
in said breech shall coincide with the bore of the gun. This chambered breech
is fitted so that it can be revolved on a pipe, within which pipe is a sliding rod
receiving its motion from the cock or hammer; so that as the hammer is cocked,
a latch on said rod (moving in a slot. in the pipe on which the chamber revolves)
takes one of a series of spiral grooves around on the inside of the centre hole
of said chambered breech, revolving the same sufficient to bring the next
chamber on the line of the barrel. The centre rod is prolonged through
beneath the barrel, and fitted with guides, that allow the same to slide endwise,
and said rod passes between the barrel and a pipe that contains cartridges;

page_text: and a follower in said pipe, taken by latches on said sliding rod, forces each
cartridge in succession back into the lower chamber of the revolving breech,
whence it is brought around to be fired in turn. In order to explode the
cartridge as it comes on to the line of the barrel (in consequence of cocking
the piece as before described), I use a needle, set and moving in slides, with a
circular spring around it, and the back end of the needle projecting through.
The cock is moved by the main spring, and discharged by the trigger as usual;
but instead of the end striking a cap, as usual, I fit a small latch, to move on a
centre crosswise of the hammer, which as the hammer is discharged, takes the
rear end of the needle, forcing the same into the cartridge, exploding a per-
cussion pill contained in said cartridge, and a fixed cam lifts the end of this
latch as the needle gets fully home, allowing the said needle to be thrown back
by its spring, so as not to get heated by the explosion.
In order to use caps when desired with this fire-arm, I fill an annular groove
with said percussion caps, and have the same so attached to the gun that the
end cap in said ring is on the line of the nipple and barrel," and as the slide
which is attached to the hammer comes up on firing the piece, it carries said
cap out of the ring on to the nipple, and explodes the same, firing the piece.
Two, three, or more tubes containing cartridges may be applied beneath and
around the barrel, each of which has its cartridges emptied successively into
the breech as the same is revolved by firing the piece, and a cartridge box may
be constructed of a series of tubes to be emptied into said pipes to replenish
the same. My claims are, to the means for rotating the chambered breech;
to the means for supplying cartridges to the rotating breech out of a pipe or
pipes; to the means for firing said cartridge when on the line of the barrel by
the needle, actuated as described, or by percussion caps, as specified; also to
a cartridge box of pipes to supply those attached to the barrel; and also to a
knife in the inside of each chamber to pierce and cut the end of the cartridge,
so that it can be exploded; and to a peculiar rammer which may be used to
force home the ball into the chamber.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Lindner in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th April 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
LINDNER, of the City and State of New York, in the United States of 3
America, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Edward Lindner, Her special licence that I, the said Edward
Lindner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Edward Lindner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN REVOLVING-BREECH FIRE-ARMS AND MAGAZINE," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Lindner, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Lindner, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say:-
The nature of my Invention consists in providing below the gun barrel an
extra charge barrel, which according to its length contains from thirty to fifty
cartridges. Between the gun and charge barrel is a rack, in connection with a
piston or slide, which acts upon the cartridges, and which said rack is again in
connection with the gun lock, in such a manner, that each time the gun is fired
off, one of the cartridges is forced into a revolving breech piece, by which means
the whole amount of cartridges contained in the charge barrel can be fired off
in the shortest possible time. The revolving breech piece is turned round each
time the gun is cocked one-sixth part by a mechanism applied to the inside of
the same.
The percussion caps are brought exactly opposite the nipple by
an arrangement of springs, and are put on the same by the hammer itself at
the moment the gun is fired off, while the fired-off caps are thrown off from the
nipple when the gun is cocked. The needle lock is so arranged, that the needle,
after having entered the cartridge sufficiently far to ignite the priming, springs
suddenly back, by which arrangement any heating of the needle is effectually
prevented, and the application of a revolving breech piece is permitted.

page_text: Figure 1 of the Drawings annexed is an outside view of the gun; Figure 2
is a longitudinal section of the gun adapted to the needle lock; Figure 3 is an
outside view of the same; Figure 4 is a longitudinal section of a gun with the
percussion-cap lock; Figure 5 is a top view of the same, shewing the ramming
hammer; Figure 19 is a cross section and part of a side view of a gun or pistol
with five charge barrels; Figure 20 is a view of a round rack for guns or pistols
where several charge barrels are used; Figure 21 is a section and outside view
of a cartridge box particularly adapted to this gun. All other Figures are
views and sections of several parts of this gun, &c., and will be more particularly
mentioned in the following description:-A is the barrel of the gun, which is
screwed to the frame C at its after end in such a manner that its bore cor-
responds exactly with the openings in the revolving breech piece D. B is the
cartridge or charge barrel, which is likewise fastened to the frame C. The
same is made of very thin metal, and is provided with two slots h, h, (Figures
9, 10, 19,) running very nearly the whole length, and in which the slide or
feeder W is guided. On the lower side of this barrel are cut teeth of the same
number and distance apart as the teeth on the rack E. The two barrels A and
B are connected together by the side plates m, m, (Figure 17,) between which
the rack E is situated, provision being made in the plates m, m, for the flat
keys k, k, by which the rack E is guided (Figure 2). C is the frame to which
the barrels are attached, and within which the revolving breech piece, the gun
lock, springs, &c. are situated, (Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.) If made for the
percussion-cap lock, the same is provided with two projections c. This frame
has two prolonged sides, by which the whole is fastened with screws to the
wooden butt end of the gun. One of these side plates is made with a joint b,
for the purpose of facilitating access to the lock. D is the revolving breech
piece, provided with six holes u, u, u, and ground into the frame C perfectly
tight. For the needle lock, (Figures 12, 18,) the holes u are not quite
bored through, and are somewhat countersunk towards the gun barrel, and
smaller holes are at the back bored through to allow a free entrance for the
needle, as sliewn at e, e, è, e, (Figure 18). At the after side are likewise six
tapering recesses c, in which the pin d, provided with a spring, fits, (Figure 2,)
and by which the revolving breech piece D is held fast in one position. On
the knee piece H is firmly attached a stop pin g, which enters the lower hole e
of the breech piece D, holding the same stationary while the needle enters the
upper hole e in the same to discharge the gun. The revolving breech piece D;
adapted for the percussion-cap lock is represented in Figures 4, 7, and 8.
Figure 7 shews a section on the line I. and II. of Figure 4; and Figure 8 is a
back view of the same. 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, are six nipples (Figure 26), screwed into

page_text: the back end of the same (Figure 4). n, n, n, are recesses, into which the stop
pino (Figures 4 and 5) fits, to hold the breech piece in its position. In the
centre of the breech piece a hole is bored out (Figure 13), in which six spiral
grooves p' are cut, for the purpose of turning the breech piece from the inside
by means of the piece p (Figures 2, 4, 13). q (Figure 13) is a recess, sharply
turned in, where the grooves p' terminate, for the purpose of allowing the
piece p to drop after having passed through the spiral grooves p'. F is a hollow
pin screwed in the frame C, and upon which the revolving breech piece is
carried and allowed to turn. The same is bored out sufficiently large to allow
the piece G to pass through it easily, and is provided with two slots r and s
(Figure 14), large enough to allow the piece p to move in the same. E is the
rack (Figure 24), situated between the gun barrel A and the cartridge barrel B.
This rack has the same number of teeth as the number of charges for which
the cartridge barrel is arranged, and these teeth are exactly the same length or
distance apart as the length of one cartridge. Towards the middle and near
the forward end is made a slot K', in which the key K is fitted, and through
which the rack E is guided. v is a square hole, through which the square
bolt w passes, and which through the motion of the rack is carried back and
forward with the same. To the after end of the rack E is attached the round
rod G, which passes through the bolt F, as before described. In this rod G is
let in the piece p, so that the same can move around a pin fast through G, and
the end is bored out from the rack E up to the point where the piece p is
attached. Behind the piece p is a spring, which is let into the rod G in such
a manner that it presses upon the lower projection of the piece p, thereby
forcing the same always upwards. In the bored-out part of the rod G is a
turned rod z, provided with a small spiral spring. The after end of this rod
fits into the recesses of the piece p, and the forward end is provided with a
cross pin, which is held fast during part of the time the rack E with the.
rod G is moving, and thereby compresses the spiral spring around the rod, so
as to give the latter a small motion when released. On the after end of the
rod G is attached the knee piece H, having teeth cut on it, and provided with
a slot h', into which the key c¹ is fitted, and by which it is guided and made
to move parallel when moved by the segment K. W is the feeder, which
slides in the cartridge barrel (Figures 2, 16, 17, and 19), and is made to
press upon the charges by the rack E. The feeder is made round to fit
into the cartridge barrel, with flat projecting pieces 1 and 2, which fit into thic
slots h, h, of the same, and by which the piston is guided. Through these
projecting pieces 1 and 2 the pin s¹ passes, the upper end of which fits the
teeth of the rack E, and the lower end receives a small head ¹. The pin s' is

page_text: provided with a spiral spring, to press the same always against the rack E and
into the teeth. To prevent the piston from moving while the rack E makes
the backward motion, a small spring a¹ is attached to the head, which falls
into the teeth made at the lower side of the cartridge barrel B. Figure 16
represents a section at the lines XIII. and XIV. of the piston W, shewing a
small spring t', which is placed around the groove of the piston, Figure 2; for
the purpose of keeping the same steady in the cartridge barrel B. Figure 17
represents a section at the lines XV. and XVI., shewing the gun barrel A,
the cartridge barrel B, the feeder W, in connection with the rack E, as well
as the connecting side plates m, m, and key K, by which latter the rack E is
guided, as has before been described. K is a segment fast on the pin J,
Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5,) and by which the knee piece H is worked. Upon
the pin J is fastened the cock L. On the segment K is attached the link o',
through which a communication is made with the same, and consequently
with the cock L and the main spring O, as well as with the catch P and the
notch W', when the gun is cocked. Q is the trigger for firing off the gun;
M is the needle box, screwed to the frame C, and in which the needle f with
the needle carrier N moves and is guided; this box has a cover g¹, screwed
on, for the purpose of putting in or taking out the needle and carrier. The
needle carrier has a collar a¹, against which a spiral spring acts; the other
end of which spring presses against the box R in such a manner as to keep
the needle with the carrier always out of the revolving breech piece D except
when forced in by the action of the hammer L. R is an air box, fitted tight
against the back face of the revolving breech piece D, and pressed against
the same through the above-mentioned spring, and by which air box the
opening e is closed up tight. If the gun is made with the needle lock, Figures
2 and 3, then a joint (Fig. 15) is made to the segment K, to which the
cross pin n¹ is jointed, upon which the spring m¹ acts. This cross piece n¹
acts upon the needle carrier N when the gun is fired off, forcing the same
and consequently the needle into the charge. S is an inclined surface, fast on
one of the projecting sides of the frame C, for the purpose of lifting up the
cross piece n¹ after the same has pressed the needle carrier with the needle
sufficiently far into the charge to ignite the priming, by which uplifting of the
cross piece the needle carrier will be at liberty to pass under the same when
forced out by the spiral spring around the same, as before mentioned. If the
gun is adapted for the percussion cap, the segment K is provided with a
joint a', to which the hammer T (Figures 4, 5) is connected. This hammer
is provided with a joint , and is guided in the piece d, fast to the frame C,
to ensure always a straight motion o is the stop bolt, by which the revolving

page_text: breech piece is held stationary (Figures 4, 5).
This stop bolt is provided with
a spiral spring round the same, acting upon it in such a manner as to press
said stop bolt o always against the back face of the breech piece, and in the
recesses n, n, thereon (Figure 8). On the outside of the stop bolt o is attached
the small bell crank e', turning upon the pin f, fast to the side plate of the
frame C. g is a spring bolt, fast to the rod G, and so arranged that by
the cocking of the gun, the spring bolt passes under the bell crank e¹ without
communicating any action to the same; while, when the gun is fired off, the
spring bolt g comes in contact with the lower part of the bell crank e², and
acts through the same on the stop bolt o, pressing the same out of the recesses
n, n, and thereby allowing the revolving breech piece to be turned. Figure 6
represents the percussion-cap chamber, and the manner of feeding the caps in
section at the line V., VI. U is the percussion-cap chamber, which is placed
right behind the breech piece D, between the frames C (Figures 4, 5), and is
formed of two plates u', u', with raised circular ribs, forming a groove wide
enough for the caps. The two plates have a space between their raised ribs
all around to allow the feeding spring a and its handle au to pass through.
At the centre they are held together by a hollow hub, which fits upon a
hollow pivot (Figure 14). The groove for receiving the caps is circular,
pointing towards the centre, and terminating in front of the nipple and the
hammer T, where the two plates u', u', are perforated. a, c, d, is a little
bell lever with its fulcrum at c. The point a" of the same passes into the
feeding groove, and is forced into it by a spring "; its other end d" bears
against the revolving breech picce D, and extends far enough down to come
in contact with the nipples 1, 1, (Figure 6), when the revolving breech piece D
turns. The outer end of the feeding groove is provided with a spring valve d',
to allow it to be opened when the cap chamber is to be filled with caps. Next
to this valve d' there is a recess el provided for the fired-off caps. f is a hole
through which the stop pin o with its spring and case passes; X (Figures 4
and 6) is a spring, which serves to clear the nipples 1, 1, of the remainder of
the caps, and is made of such a shape as to touch the nipples 7, 1, successively
as they come to action, and by its elasticity to push off the fired cap, which
falls then into the recess e"; X¹ is the feeding spring; it is laid spirally around
the hub of the cap chamber, to which it is fastened, and extends to the outside
of the case, where it terminates in a handle a", which presses upon the caps.
Figure 9 is a section on the line XV., XVI, representing the ramming
hammer Y with its spring g" at the lower side of it; it passes through the
It has its
frame C, and corresponds with the holes u in the breech piece D.
fulcrum at h, in front of the frame C, and extends with one arm to G, and

page_text: with the other to the outside of the frame C; and this latter bears against a
spring 9", which is secured to the frame C¹ and forces y out; a pin ", placed
at the side of G, moves y. An oblong hole " in the front part of the frame
C', communicating with the holes in the breech piece D, serves for the
purpose of having access to the holes a when they are to be cleaned. Figure 10
represents a section on the line VII., VIII. Z is a spring case fastened below
the gun barrel. It consists of two tubes, one on each side of it; they
contain two spiral springs (Figure 11), which are compressed by two plates ",
connected by a cross piece w, which passes through the rack. The two
spring cases are provided with slots (Figure 11), in which the cross piece w is
guided. The rack E moves between these spring cases, as shewn in Figure 10;
in order to have access to these springs the cases are made of two halves
hinged together: Figure 4 shews a section of the nipples, and the manner in,
which they are screwed into D. Figure 26 represents a single nipple with
cutters. The nipples are hollowed out, and have grooves filed in crossways,
and a cutter in the shape of a cross, with sharp edges, inserted. The nipple
is turned out or countersunk as much as possible, and provided with a thread
and an incision, so as to admit of their being taken out easily by means of
a screw-driver, and replaced through the cavity at e¹. Figure 19 is a front and
side view of a gun, calculated for fortifications, or whenever its greater weight
is no objection. It contains five charge barrels B', each one being provided
with a piston w¹; they have valves at their ends, and the one that is to be
used first can be removed from its place, as it turns on hinges, in order to
clean the revolving breech piece D. This mode of using more thanone charge
barrel will be especially adapted for a short fire-arm, such as pistols of five
inches in length, which can easily fire from twenty to twenty-five times in
succession. Figure 20 represents a rack E', suitable for guns with more than
one charge barrel. It differs from the one described above, in so far as it
consists of a series of cones, turned on to a round rod, and filed flat at the side
towards the gun barrel. This rack touches all the surrounding charge barrels,
and gears into each of the pistons w. All the rest of the parts are the same
as above. Figure 23 represents another manner of constructing the trigger
for a percussion gun. It has instead of the gearing K a case K', provided
with a slot y¹¹, which moves the piece G backwards and forwards by means of
a screw ; all the rest of the lock is the same as above described. This
trigger may be adopted for pistols where but few charges are to be moved;
(it can be worked above as well as below.) The spring cases (Figure 20) are
entirely done away with, as the spring o of the lock is sufficient to move the
charges. Figures 21 and 22 shew a rotary cartridge box, which contributes

page_text: to make a repeating gun complete and perfect. It consists of six charge
barrels m, fastened to a round bottom plate n", and surrounded by a circular
case: Another circular plate of the same size is connected to the first one by
a pin o, upon which it can turn independently. This. plate o" is provided
with a nipple, which corresponds with all the charge barrels in the case,
and, through which the contents of them can be discharged. Figure 24 is a
cartridge, with a paper or muslin case for round bullets, in which there is a
cavity for the igniting fuse, in case.it: is to be used in needle locks. When
used with percussion caps, the bottom of the cartridge must be covered with
thin skin. The gauze is tied round the bullet with the paper plate in front of
the same, and must be carried away by the bullet when the gun is fired off.
Figure 25 is a pointed bullet cartridge, calculated for the needle lock; the
case is made of thin sheet copper, and pressed around and into the neck of
the bullet, so as to make it tight. The end of the bullet does not terminate
in a perfect. point, but in a cross, with sharp edges. Figure 27 is a copper
case with a perforated bottom, which is, to be covered in the inside with gauze.
Figure 28 is a cartridge with a number of plates made out of felt, and con-
nected by a rivet w"; it can be used either for the needle or percussion gun.
In the Figures the needle gun is represented in a position ready to be fired
off, and the percussion gun in a position after being fired off.
The use of the gun will be readily understood from the above description.
In order to get a gun ready for firing, first take the feeder W out of the charge
barrel (this is done by pressing against the bottom r¹ and loosening s¹ from the
rack E), then put the cartridge box (Figure 21) with its nipple upon. the mouth
of the charge barrel B (Figures 1, 2, 4), and empty as much of its contents
into B as it will hold; then replace the feeder W, so that the pin-s' can work
in the rack E; then cock the trigger L three times to let the charges enter the
holes in the breech piece D until the first one is opposite the gun barrel A;
or else the first cartridge to begin with may be placed by hand into the breech
piece through the opening of the frame C; but this is only needed when all
the charges are fired off, which is seldom the case. It would be advisable to
leave three charges at least in the gun, and refil the charge barrel before
firing again. Filling the barrel must always be done when the lock is in the
position shewn in Figures 4 and 5 after being fired off. In order to fire off,
the trigger L must be pulled till P falls into the recess w', which is so placed
that the rack E is moved a little beyond the pin s¹, to ensure the certain
feeding of the feeder W. When L and K is moved on its fulcrum, the
knee piece. H gears into K, until G and E slide back, so that the pin s¹ drops
into the next tooth of E, and the two spiral springs in their cases are being

page_text: depressed by cross piece wand plates ", and held in that position till P is
pulled out of w¹ (Figures 2, 4, 15). When E begins to move, p stands up-
right in front of the spiral grooves p¹, and enters one of them; and as p itself
is prevented from turning by the slots r and s (Figure 14), it causes the breech
piece D to turn one-sixth of a revolution. After this the motion of the breech
piece is completed; the pin g in the needle gun at H drops into the hole e of
the breech piece D, and holds it in this position (Figures 2 and 18).
In the percussion-cap gun this is done by a pin o, Figure 4. When D
has come to a stop, the rack E has not yet finished its forward motion by
one-eighth, and while E travels through the latter part of its motion, the
lower arm of p. strikes at s (Figure 4), and causes p to turn on its fulcrum
(Figure 13), and presses upon the pin Z and its spring until the recess of p
advances in the direction of Z; when Z drops into it, and holds P in this
depressed position, so as to clear the spiral grooves p' (Figures 2 and 13);
at the same time the lower arm of p depresses the spring y, attached to G.
After the gun is fired off; one charge is passed into the revolving breech piece
by its backward motion; the pin strikes against the frame C, while G
moves one-eighth further, and is removed from the recess in p, which causes
the spring y to throw p back in its upright position, which operation is gone
through every time the gun is cocked and discharged.
The charges are
fed into the revolving breech piece by cocking and discharging, and D carries
them successively in front of the opening of the barrel A. The description
of the operations is the same in the needle lock as in the percussion-cap
lock; the two guns only differ in the mode of igniting the charges. The needle
lock is represented in Figure 2; it operates as follows:-When the lock is
cocked as described above, the piece n' (Figure. 15) of the hinge, attached to
K, drops down in front of N, to which the needle is fastened; at the same
time P drops into the recess of K; when now is touched, the needle ƒ darts
into D, and ignites the charge. When the needle has advanced as far as
possible, the piece n¹ comes in contact with the inclined plane s (Figures 2, 3,
15), which raises it up and frees N, and allows the spiral spring in M to throw
the needle back. This operation is of great importance, as it successfully
prevents the needle becoming heated, and at the same time admits of a
revolving motion in the breech piece D. As the spring in M bears upon a¹¹¹,
it becomes depressed, and forces the air box R in the frame C (Figure 2)
against the breech piece D, and causes a tight fit around the needle hole e, e.
When the trigger L is pulled back, n' slides on N, and drops down again at the
end. When the cartridge shewn in Figure 25 is used, the needle pushes
the bullet first into the bore of the barrel, which is a little smaller than

page_text: the bullet, and where it comes to a stop, and then the needle pierces into the
charge; consequently the motion of the needle requires to be a little longer, or
the air box R may be shorter. A gun with these water-tight cartridges will
never miss, and is consequently of the greatest advantage for sea service, &c.
The gun for percussion caps is represented in Figure 4. The frame of the
gun is a little longer, and provided with two projections c, on the inner side
of which D, and on the outer side the percussion cap chamber U, is placed,
(Figure 6). Between D there is a space for the nipples 1, 1. Figure 4 shews
the gun in a position after the charge has been fired off, where the hammer T
has entered the chamber U and touched the nipples 1, 7. The stop pin o is in
its hole in the breech piece D (Figure 8). When now the trigger is pulled, p
enters one of the spiral grooves p', the spring piece. g attached to G strikes the
bell crank c', which moves it back one-sixth around its fulcrum f, which draws
the stop o from its recess n, and depresses its spiral spring; then p begins to
move D forward, and the spring piece g¹ escapes below e, and leaves the spiral
spring of o at liberty to expand, which causes o to bear against the back side
of D (Figure 8). When now D has finished its motion, and another nipple
stands in front of the feeding hole in the chamber U, the corresponding recess
u has arrived before o, and drops into it, and holds D steadily in its position.
While D performs this one-sixth of a revolution, the hammer T is withdrawn
from U, and the nipple l, which has just left the barrel A, is cleared of the
remainder of the discharged percussion cap by the spring X, which pushes it
off, and throws it into the cavity e¹ (Figure 6). The percussion-cap chamber
U, as described above, is placed between the frame C upon the hollow pin T,
which is provided with two slots for p. This chamber is so arranged that
the spring forces the caps towards the hole through which they are fitted
to the nipple 7, 1, by the hammer T. The lever a", c, d, is intended to hold
all caps back except the last one until the hammer has withdrawn from U,
when the motion of D causes the next nipple to strike against the arm
of the lever a", c, d, at d", which raises the point a" off the caps, and allows
the whole row of caps to slide on. As soon as the nipple 7 has left the ȧrm
at d", the spring 6 forces the point of the lever in between the last cap and the
last but one, and so stops the whole series of caps while it leaves the last one
in front of the nipple. In this manner the spring will feed all caps except the
four last ones, when it strikes against a"; then the spring a must be pulled
back by its handle, the valve & opened, and the chamber refilled with caps,
which can be done best by a separate percussion-cap box, of a similar con-
struction to the chamber U. The action of the hammer T' is easily understood.
When it advances, it pushes the last cap upon the nipple, strikes it there, and

page_text: ignites the charge. In order to give the hammer T a free and still a tight
motion, there is a little hinge arranged at y, which springs and allows the
hammer to go free. As the trigger L and K requires less motion for the
per-
cussion-cap locks than in the needle lock, its fulcrum may be placed a little
above the centre when adapted for the former. Figure 9 represents the
ramming hammer y; it serves to press the charge tight against the bottom of
the nipple without striking it too hard. Its motion begins when D has come
to a stop, and is caused by a pin in the last moment of the motion of G, when
the spring is depressed; when G returns, the spring g" withdraws the
ramming hammer from D. Z" is an opening in the frame, corresponding with
? in D, in order to have access to these holes when they are to be cleaned. The
pistons with the cross cutters serve to open the bottom of the charges (Figures
25, 24), and to allow the powder vartly to enter the cavity in the plug, which
causes the cartridge case to be drawn out with the bullet when the gun is fired
off. The cross cutters may be adapted for every kind of gun or rifle intended
to be used with cartridges, and will enable one to fire quicker, as the cartridges
need not be opened before they are put into the barrel. The cutters are made
of steel and hardened.
Figure 19 is a gun with more than one charge barrel B; it may be used
where it can be rested upon something while firing. By means of the round
rack all the pistons can be moved one after the other. In order to use one
of the charge barrels at the time, the pins s' of all the barrels but one must
be withdrawn from the teeth of the rack E. When all the charges of one
barrel are used up, and the feeder W' has descended.to the frame C, its
pin s must be withdrawn from the rack, and the pins of one of the other
feeders W must be let loose and brought into the teeth of the rack E, and
so on, till all the charge barrels are used. In such a manner a gun may
be made for two hundred charges, by having five barrels and forty charges in
cach of them.
Figure 20 shews the round rack, made of steel. It is to have when used
for pistols a round extension, by which it is guided in a staple fastened to the
end of the barrel.
Figures 21 and 22 shew the rotary cartridge box; a very convenient imple-
ment to fill the charge barrels. In the moveable plate o", a pin " slides
upon the plate n¹¹ till it drops into one of the holes u", where it holds the
plate in such a manner that the nipple p" corresponds with one of the barrels
m, and all charges contained in this barrel can be emptied.
Figure 27 shews an arrangement for using the percussion caps without the
cross cutters of the nipples.. The bore of the nipple is made the reverse of what

page_text: is shewn in Figure 26. It is wider at the point, where the cap is to be put on,
and becomes smaller towards the bottom of the cartridge, so as to concentrate
the flame originating from the igniting of the cap.
Figure 28 shews a felt cartridge. These serve to clean the gun barrel;
they must be placed amongst the other charges, one to every twenty or forty,
according to circumstances; they are made so that the dirt in the barrel finds
a place between the felt plates. As the charges are ignited in the breech
piece D, the gun barrel is not liable to get heated in great measure by the
repeated firing.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim as my
Invention is as follows:-
First, I claim the slanting incisions g¹¹¹, and the springs f attached to B,
near C, for the purpose of holding the last cartridge, and the two slots -h,h;
and the construction of the feeder W worked by the rack E. I do not claim
the cartridge barrel.
Second, I claim the rack È placed between A and B in connection with the
piece G and the piece p, with its up and down motion.
Third, I claim the arrangement for turning the breech piece D, by operating
upon its centre hole, or the equivalent thereof.
Fourth, I claim the needle carrier with the joint at the upper end of the
hammer, and the arrangement for drawing the needle directly after having
ignited the charge, either by the spiral spring or any other means, in order
to make the needle adapted for the revolving breech piece; but I do not
claim the needle.
Fifth, I claim the air box R in connection with the spiral spring of the
needle, to press the air box tight against the revolving breech piece when
the needle strikes the charge.
Sixth, I claim the knee piece H and the piece K, and the manner of moving
the stop pin g, as described above. I claim the spring case Z with its two
spiral springs (Figure 11) operating upon the rack E.
Seventh, I claim the trigger with the curved groove case, as shewn in
Figure 23, for the purpose of moving the rack E back and forward.
Eighth, I claim the round rack, consisting of a series of cones for guns and
pistols with more than one cartridge barrel.
Ninth, I claim the construction of the percussion-cap chamber at the back
of the revolving breech, and the spring extending to the outside of the case
and having a handle, and the manner of feeding the caps on the nipple / by
the hammer before igniting the same.

page_text: Tenth, I claim the spring K, or any equivalent means of removing the
remainder of the discharged caps from the nipples while they are in motion.
Eleventh, I claim the ramming hammer worked by the cocking of the
trigger.
Twelfth, I claim the construction of the nipples to receive the percussion
caps, with the arrangement of cutters or points to open the bottom of the
charges.
And, thirteenth, I claim the construction of the rotary cartridge box.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Lindner, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of April, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-five.
EDWARD LINDNER. (L.s.)