Improvements in or Applicable to the Production of Patterns by Stencilling upon Woven or other Fabrics.
Year: 1890

page_text: wate of Application, 8th Mar.. 1890-Accepted, 19th Apr., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Applicable to the Production of Patterns by
Stencilling upon Woven or other Fabrics.
I, ARTHUR HENRY LEE of 20 Brick Street Warrington in the County of Lancaster
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates principally to a means whereby I am enabled to produce, by
stencilling, perfect and unbroken designs of the most elaborate. nature by dispensing
entirely with the tie pieces hitherto considered absolutely necessary for supporting
isolated parts of the stencil plates, and which necessarily broke up the design into dis-
jointed parts by leaving blank spaces wherever one of these tie-pieces occurred in the
stencil plate..
The nature of my invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed or
carried into practical effect will be readily understood on reference to the annexed
sheet of illustrative drawings and the following explanation thereof.
For the purpose of explaining my invention I consider it sufficient to show by a few
simple figures the principles upon which my improvements are based; and acting
upon this basis any competent designer will be able to work out therefrom the most
elaborate patterns upon the same principle.
It is well known that under the present system of stencilling a perfect colored
figure, having a white or different colored centre, such for instance as the Figs.
marked A and B, on the annexed drawings could not be produced because the central
parts of the design marked a, and being perfectly isolated and unsupported would
fall out, and therefore it has always been the practise to support these parts by means
of tie pieces c and d as shown at Figs. C and D and bence only broken and imperfect
designs could be produced by stencilling.
According to my invention I am enabled to produce perfect designs such as Figs. A
and B by stencilling without any tie-pieces whatever and it will be readily understood
by any person conversant with designing patterns that if I can do this I can by
carrying out the same principle produce designs which would not be practicable under
the usual system.
If I wish to produce pattern A for example I should cut my stencil plate as shown
at E that is to say I cut out only one half of the design or rather more just passing
the centre slightly as shown by the dotted line, and at or near each corner of the plate
I drill a hole e such holes being at equal distances apart.
1 prepare a table or board for working upon by fixing therein needles or points at
precisely the same distances apart, the points of the needles projecting upwards from
the surface so that all the stencil plates necessary for the pattern can be fitted thereon
as required and that consequently the various parts of the pattern will "register"
correctly.
1 first place the fabric carefully onto these pins and then adjust thereon the first
stencil plate E and with a brush and pigment or other suitable color I stencil this half
of the design in the usual manner.
I then lift up the stencil plate E turn it completely over so that the design will
occupy the right half of the plate as shown at Fig. and upon then going over the
plate again with the brush the result will be a complete design as at A without any
breaks or tie pieces whatever.
In geometrical designs of the character shown the turning over of the stencil plate
may be dispensed with as the same effect may be produced by turning the plate half
way round, without turning it over, an advantage being thus gained because if the
plate has not to be turned over the edges of the pattern can be bevilled whereby
greater sharpness of the edges is more easily obtained.

page_text: This can only be done however. in perfectly regular geometrical designs but the
saine effect can be produced in other designs by using two stencil plates one like E and
one like Fin which case the edges of the design can of course be bevilled in both
plates, and one plate being the complement of the other a perfect design is made by
the combination of the two.
I may here remark that it will of course be evident that it is not necessary that the
junction line of the two halves of the design should be perpendicular as it may be
horizontal as shown at G or diagonal as shown at H, or the design may be made in
four parts as shown at I or otherwise according to the exigencies of the design.
It will be obvious that if the design is cnt in quarters as at I the plate will only
require to be turned one quarter round.
Figs. J K and L illustrate the application of my invention to the stencilling of a
floral spray, J being the first stencil plate, K the second stencil plate, and L. the
pattern produced by means of two plates each of which has only one half of the design
cut-upon it.
By this improved method of cutting the stencil plates not only are all isolated
pieces avoided, but the plates generally are much stronger than hitherto.
Any competent pattern designer will see from the above description that by cutting
the stencil plates upon this system of division and printing each color at two
operations either by having two stencil plates for each color or by having only one
and turning it over or partly round as before described the most elaborate and perfect
designs can be produced by stoneilling such as could not possibly be effected by the
system of stencilling hitherto known and used.
The invention is specially applicable to double faced fabrics as both sides can be
printed aliko so as to register perfectly.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said.
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is
1. The improved means of producing patterns upon woven and other fabrics by
stencil plates substantially as above described whereby perfect and unbroken designs
can be produced and the tie-pieces on the stencil plates entirely dispensed with.
2. Woven or other fabrics ornamented by patterns or designs produced by the
means herein before set forth and described.
Dated this 7th day of March 1890
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.