Improved Stanchions for Ships' Handrails and the like.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Feb., 1890-Accepted, 8th Mar., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Stanchions for Ships' Handrails and the like.
I, JOHN HENRY BELL, Iron and Rivet Manufacturer of Monkwearmouth Iron
Works, Sunderland in the county of Durham do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to improved stanchions for ships handrails and the like.
My improvements consist in the production of a novel form or section of metal
stanchion having for its object a new article of manufacture possessing qualifications
superior to those hitherto in use in respect of relative cost of manufacture and general
utility.
I will now describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in
which Figures 1, 2 and 3 are respectively a side and end elevation and a cross section
of a novel form or shape of iron or steel stanchion bar, Fig. 3ª being a full size
view of Fig. 3. Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively side and end elevations showing the
use and application of the novel form of bar referred to in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 3ª as a rail
stanchion or post, Fig. 6 being a sectional plan on line A A in Figs. 4 and 5.
Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are respectively an end and side elevation and a plan showing certain
constructive modifications again hereinafter referred to while Figs. 10 and 11 show
respectively an end and side elevation of another mode or modification of design,
Fig. 12 being a sectional plan of the same on line B B in Figs. 10, 11.
Figs. 13 and 14 are sectional views illustrating modifications of form or shape of
stanchion bar as compared with the form or shape shown in Figs. 3, 3ª hereinabove
referred to.
Throughout this description like numbers of reference indicate like parts in the
specification and in the drawings. In Figs. 4, 5 and 6 the stanchion bar 1 has a fore
and aft flange 2 welded onto its upper end to take the rail 3 which may very con-
veniently be of the type or section shown in these figures; the rail is shown connected
to the stanchion flange by countersunk rivets; the base of the stanchion is shown
fitted into a special metal shoe 4 where it can be secured by a cotter 5 and I form the
shoe with a channel 6 at either side thereof so that any water getting thereinto may
at once find an escape. The rails 7 pass through the web 8 of the stanchion and may
be clunk over at a terminal stanchion as shown in the Figures.
In Figs. 7, 8, and 9 is shown a different type or section of handrail 9 rivetted to
fore and aft flanges as hereinabove described and instead of the metal shoe at the base
of the stanchion, a foot flange 10 is shown welded to the stanchion base. In other
respects Figs. 7, 8 and 9 resemble Figs. 4, 5 and 6 already described.
In Figs. 10 and 11 is shown another mode of forming the tops of the stanchions to
take the top handrail. I obtain this form by cutting out a portion of the web at the
stanchion top and using the convex sides of the stanchion to form the head 11 by
bringing them together and then welding and swaging them to the form shown in
these Figures.
At the points where the rails pass through the stanchions I form a bead 12 on
the convex sides of the stanchion thus giving a neat finish to the work. In
these Figures foot flanges are shown welded to the stanchions as in Figs. 7, 8
and 9.
In Figs. 13 and 14 are shown certain modifications of type or design of section for
stanchions. The application of these forms being similar to that of the forms already
described further explanation in respect thereto is unnecessary.
As compared with the stanchions hitherto in use my improved stanchions possess
several important advantages. Hitherto it has been customary to form bulbs or
enlargements on the stanchions through which bulbs or enlargements the rails have

page_text: been passed by this system the labour in holing the bulbs for the rails is very great
as the holing is performed through the thickest portions of the stanchions whereas
according to my system the holing is done through the web of the stanchion which as
shown in the drawings annexed hereto is comparatively thin and at the same time I
produce a stanchion which by its convex surfaces and design of section possesses a
circular and symmetrical appearance combined with lightness and strength. More-
over I form the stanchion bars by preference in rolling mills and from the long
lengths of bars thus readily obtained I saw the stanchions to the requisite lengths and
then hole them thus producing a superior article at a relatively reduced cost. Where
desirable the bars may be passed through planishing rolls after being sawn and holed
in order to give a better finish to the stanchions.
The sections hereinabove described are specially useful in shipbuilding and they
may with advantage be used in for example ladder stanchions the rungs being passed
through the web of the stanchion and clunk over in the usual way.
Where desirable the stanchions hereinabove described may be formed with a slight
taper on them but as this more or less complicates their manufacture in rolling mills
and as the result obtained by this process hardly warrants the increased cost I prefer
to manufacture rolled stanchions with parallel sides and to cast the stanchions where
they are required to be tapered.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is-
1. The improved articles of manufacture, namely, stanchions manufactured sub-
stantially in the manner and in accordance with the directions hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of February 1890.
A. CRAWHALL CHAPMAN,
3, St. Nicholas' Buildings, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Patent Agent for Applicant.