A Wind Motor and its Application for the Propulsion of Ships.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 9th Jan., 1890-Accepted, 15th Feb.. 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Wind Motor and its Application for the Propulsion of Ships.
I, THOMAS PARENSEN, Professor, of Fürstenberg in the German Empire, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention to be as follows:-
The improved wind motor chiefly comprises a paddle wheel enclosed in a drum
or casing which is provided with an adjustable aperture, and tooth gear or other
suitable mechanism for transmitting the motion of the paddle wheel to a shaft or
propeller.
To render the motor applicable in various directions of wind, the axle of the paddle
wheel together with its casing is adapted to pivot on the centre of its length, so that it
may assume any desired angle to the longitudinal axis of the ship. For this purpose
the paddle shaft is held in bearings which are mounted on rollers running on curved
rails, the rotary motion of the paddle-shaft being transmitted by a pair of bevel wheels
to a vertical shaft situated in the middle of its length. The paddle-shaft and casing
may be turned on the axis of the vertical shaft by means of worm gearing, and a
crank, and maintained in the desired position by ratchet gear or other suitable
mechanism.
For large ships several paddle wheels may be mounted on the deck at a variable
height, and regulated simultaneously, so that all may be placed at the desired angle by
turning a handle or equivalent mechanism.
The casings of the different paddle wheels may be adapted to turn on the axes of
the respective paddle wheels, so as to vary the position of the air inlet according to the
direction of the wind. Deflecting plates may be placed obliquely in front of the
casings in order to guide the air towards the inlet opening.
The shafts of the paddle wheels may be placed vertically and the motors arranged
in pairs (each pair acting on a separate ships' propeller), in which case the air inlet of
the drums is preferably situated between the two shafts. The opening of each casing
may have two deflecting plates the inclination of which may be varied. The motion
of each pair of paddle wheels is preferably transmitted by spur-wheels to the same main
shaft which drives the ships' propeller. The frame carrying the bearings of the two
wheel axles, as well as the casings, may be turned around the vertical main shaft to
suit the direction of the wind. For the easy reversal of the course of the ship, the
vertical main shaft may be connected with the propeller shaft by an ordinary
reversing gear consisting of a bevel wheel fixed on the vertical shaft and a pair of
bevel wheels adapted to slide on the propeller shaft, so that either the one or the
other may be caused to gear with the fixed wheel, or that both may be set out
of gear.
For automatically varying the surface of each arm or vane acted upon by the wind,
each arm may be composed of tvo sheet metal plates hinged together at their outer
end, so as to form a sharp angle to each other and that the entire wheel becomes
star shaped. Each of the inner angles of the star shaped body is formed by a pair of
short links hinged to each other and to the adjoining main plates. The joint of each
pair of links is connected with a ball movable on a radial guide rod and balanced by a
helical spring coiled on the said rod. If the wheel revolves too fast, the centrifugal
force of the ball will overcome the spring, thereby increasing the angle between the
two links and shortening the effective length of each arm.
Or a mechanism may be employed for automatically changing the angle of the
blades or arms at each revolution, so that they are approximately radial when they
pass the inlet opening, but are turned down while passing through the interior of the
casing. For this purpose the blades of each wheel may be pivoted to a pair of naves.
or carriers, fixed on the wheel axle, while the arms are guided by friction rollers'
.

page_text: running in a pair of specially shaped grooves formed on the stationary frame or casing.
Each of the said grooves forms a closed curve of such a shape, that the blades will
be almost perpendicular to the wind while passing the opening of the casing, but·
turned down so as to offer' little resistance while they travel on the ineffective portion
of the circumference.
ديم
1 1000
FAIRFAX & WETTER, -
433, Strand, London, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Wind Motor and its Application for the Propulsion of Ships.
I, THOMAS PARENSEN, Professor, of Furstenberg, in the German Empire, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The improved wind motor is chiefly intended for the propulsion of ships, and will
be described with the aid of the accompanying drawings, Figs. 1 to 7.
A paddle
wheel A is enclosed in a drum or casing B provided with an adjustable aperture; and
tooth gear or other suitable mechanism is employed for transmitting the motion of
the paddle wheel to a shaft or propeller.
To render the motor applicable in various directions of wind, the axle a of the paddle
wheel, together with its casing B is adapted to pivot on the centre of its length, so
that it may assume any desired angle to the longitudinal axis of the ship, as shown in
Figs. 5 to 7. For this purpose the paddle shaft is held in saddle bearings D which
are mounted on rollers running on curved rails, the rotary motion of the paddle-shaft
being transmitted, by a pair of bevel wheels, to a vertical shaft & situated in the middle
of its length (see Fig. 7). The paddle-shaft and casing may be turned on the axis of
the vertical shaft by means of worm gearing and a crank, and maintained in the
desired position by ratchet gear or other suitable mechanism.
For stationary purposes, for instance, pumping water, a single motor, that is, a single
paddle-shaft is usually sufficient.
For large ships, several paddle wheels A (Figs. 5 and 6) may be mounted on the
deck at the same or at different heights, and regulated simultaneously, so that
all may be placed at the desired angle by turning a handle or equivalent mechanism.
Besides the adjustment of the shaft a relatively to the axis of the ship, the casings
of the different paddle wheels may be adapted to turn on the axes of the respective
paddle wheels, so as to vary the position of the air iniet E, Fig. 2, according to the
direction of the wind. Deflecting or guide plates F may be placed obliquely in
front of the casings, in order to guide the air towards the inlet. Figs. 8 to 15 represent
a modified arrangement of the apparatus shown in Figs. 1 to 7.
The shafts of the paddle wheels are here placed vertical and the motors arranged
in pairs (each pair acting on a separate ships' propeller), in which case the air inlet
of the drums is preferably situated between the two shafts. The two paddle-shafts a a¹
are partly surrounded by casings B, B₁, and each casing has two deflecting plates F,
the inclination of which may be varied. The motion of each pair of paddle wheels
is preferably transmitted by spur-wheels to a main-shaft, which drives the ships'
propeller. The frame D, G, carrying the bearings of the two wheel axles, as well
as the casings, may be turned around the vertical main shaft to suit the direction of
the wind. For the easy reversal of the course of the ship, the vertical main, shaft
may be connected with the propeller shaft by an ordinary reversing gear consisting
of a bevel wheel fixed on the vertical shaft and a pair of bevel wheels H, H adapted
to slide on the propeller shaft d, so that either the one or the other may be caused
to gear with the fixed wheel, or that both may be set out of gear. As shown by
Figs. 8 and 9, the shafts a a¹ are geared together by spur wheels e, e.
For automatically varying the surface of each arm or vane acted upon by the wind,,
and thereby the speed of the wheels A A', each arm may be composed of two sheet

page_text: metal plates and g, Fig. 10, hinged at their outer extremity h, so as to form a
sharp angle to each other and that the entire wheel becomes star shaped. Each of
the inner angles of the star shaped body is formed by a pair of short links hinged to
each other at k and to the adjoining main plates at i. The joint k of each pair of
links is connected with a heavy ball K movable on a radial guide rod and balanced
as regards the centrifugal force by a helical spring coiled on the said rod. If
the wheel revolves too fast, the centrifugal force of the ball will overcome the
resistance of the spring, thereby increasing the angle between the two links and
shortening the effective length of each arm.
Or I may employ a mechanism illustrated by Figs. 12 to 15. for automatically
changing the angle of the blades or arms at each revolution, so that they are approxi-
mately radial when they pass the inlet opening, but are turned down, while passing
through the interior of the casing. For this purpose, the blades A, A, A, of each
wheel may be pivoted at m to a pair of naves or carriers L, Fig. 13, which are fixed
on the wheel axle a, while the arms are guided by friction rollers M running in a
pair of specially shaped grooves N formed on the stationary frames or casing G G.
Each of the said grooves forms a closed curve of such a shape, that the blades will be
almost perpendicular to the wind, while passing the opening of the casing (see A' A³,
Figs. 12 and 14, and A, Fig. 15), but turned down so as to offer little resistance,
while they travel on the ineffective portion of the circumference.
Having now particularly described my invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, I declare, that I claim :-
1. A wind motor, comprising in its construction an air wheel A composed of a
shaft a provided with arms or vanes, a casing B enclosing the said air wheel and
provided with air inlets in-such a manner, as to ensure a one sided effect of the
wind, and a forked stand or bearings D adapted to change the position of the shaft a
and casing D in a horizontal plane to suit the direction of the wind, substantially as
described.
2. A duplex apparatus of the type specified, for the propulsion of ships, comprising
in its construction two vertical paddle or fan shafts a a¹ surrounded by casings B BI
provided with deflecting or guide plates F F; said apparatus being adapted to
change its position according to the wind, and to impart motion to the propeller shaft
of the ship, substantially as described.
3. The method or means for regulating the speed of the arms or vanes A of a motor
as specified, which consists in composing the said vanes of blades ƒ and g provided
with hinge-joints i and k with centrifugal regulators K, adapted to vary the effective
surface; substantially as described.
4. The means for increasing the efficiency of the air wheel A specified in claim (1),
which consists in pivoting the vanes A-A' at the points m to cross heads or
carriers L, fixed to the shaft a, and controlling the position of the said vanes by
ollers M guided in curves N, substantially as described.
Dated this 9th day of January 1890.
THOMAS PARENSEN.
By Fairfax & Wetter,
433, Strand, London, Agents.