Improvements in Syringes for Surgical and Medical Purposes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 15th May, 1896-Accepted, 27th June, 1996
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Syringes for Surgical and Medical Purposes.
I, EMIL KRÖNING, of 28 Olvenstedterstrasse Magdeburg, in the Empire of
Germany, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
In the instrument which forms the subject of this invention and which is
principally designed for gynecian medical purposes, that is to say, for the intro-
duction of medicaments into the vagina, the extremity, which has been hitherto
constructed to form a continuous rigid body, is made to spread out substantially
laterally, in order to obtain an enlargement of the organ to be treated and to
thus secure a more efficient introduction and distribution of the medicaments
employed.
This invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawing, in which
Figures 1 and 2 represent one form of the apparatus in longitudinal central
section, Figure 1 showing the extremity of the instrument closed in the position it
occupies while being inserted into the vagina, and Figure 2 showing the said
extremity in its open or expanded position.
Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line a x of Figure 1 and
Figure 4 a longitudinal section on the line z-z of Figure 3.
Figures 5 and 6, 7 and 8 and 9 and 10 represent respectively three modifications
of the instrument, one view of each modification showing the instrument in its open
position and the other view in its closed position.
The construction and operation of the instrument will be first explained with
reference to Figures 1 to 4.
The
The instrument substantially comprises a tube a, the rear extremity of which is
provided with an atomizing bulb 6 for introducing medicine in a powdered state,
and the forward extremity of which is provided with a uniformly perforated
spherical mouth, nozzle or rose c for the distribution of the medicine used. Around
this nozzle or rose-the shape of which is not material and may be modified
according to the special application or to the character of the medicine to be
introduced a number of radially separating levers d are grouped, each lever
engaging by means of a semi-cylindrical pivot or journal d' with a corresponding
recess or bearing arranged at the rear part of the mouth or nozzle piece c.
engagement of these pivots or journals d¹ in the recesses or bearings is maintained
by the aid of an india-rubber or other elastic ring e, sunk in a groove surrounding
the said levers where they bear on the rear end of the aforesaid nozzle piece. For the
sake of clearness only two of the levers d have been illustrated. The said levers,
are provided at their rear ends with tail pieces controlled by the yielding pressure of
an indiarubber or other elastic ring f clasped around them. They are thus caused
to bear against the conical shoulder g¹ of a sleeve g which is capable of sliding
along the tube a. This sleeve is pressed forward by an appropriate springh to
such an extent, that the levers d are normally held in their closed position by
means of the conical shoulder g', that is to say in that position, in which they are
contracted and bear against the mouth or nozzle c, Figure 1. On introducing the
instrument into the organ to be treated, the constituent parts of the said instrument
occupy the closed position, and when the instrument has been introduced, and the
injection of medicaments or other matter is to be commenced, the conically
shouldered sleeve g is moved rearwardly upon the tube a against the pressure of
the spring h, the effect of which is to cause the levers d to occupy the open or

page_text: expanded position shown in Figure 2, because their tail pieces are drawn inwardly
by the india rubber ring, in proportion as the cone gl is moved back. In order
that after the medicament has been introduced and the instrument is to be with-
drawn, the sleeve g is again released, whereupon the moving parts of the instrument
will return to their initial position under the action of the spring à as shown in
Figure 1.
The india rubber or other elastic rings e fare embedded in suitable grooves in
the respective parts, so as to present a smooth surface that will offer no obstruction
to the introduction of the instrument.
The parts aed, g are formed of vulcanite or similar material, so that the
extremity of the instrument has no metal parts. The parts may be disconnected
in a most simple manner for the purpose of cleaning.
In the modification illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 each of the levers d has its
interior edge formed in the shape of a wedge. When the sleeve g is moved
forward upon the tube a, the inclined interior faces of the levers slide along the
nozzle or rose c, and in so doing, force the levers d outward owing to their
inclination as shown in Figure 6. The forward motion of the sleeve g may be
effected by means of a spring h, which is contained in nu appropriate recess formed
in the sleeve g and surrounding the tube a. In this modification a single india
rubber ring serves to maintain the journalled ends of the levers d in engagement
with the recesses or bearings on the sleeve g as well as to compress the said levers
against the nozzle or rose c. For this purpose the groove for containing the india
rubber or other elastic ring is slightly forward of the centres of rotation of the
said journalled ends of the levers." A similar arrangement of the elastic rings may
of course be employed for other modified constructions of this instrument, whenever
practicable or suitable.
In the modification represented in Figures 7 and 8, the tube a is shewn provided
with rack teeth which engage small toothed sectors fixed to the pivoted ends of
the levers d. The latter are in this case provided with a hinge-joint.
In this
modification when the sleeve g is withdrawn, or the tube a is moved forward, the
rack teeth, acting upon the toothed sectors cause the levers d to open or spread
radially. A spring / returns the parts a and g into the position they occupy when
the levers are closed, as shown in Figure 7. In this case consequently a special
elastic spring as used in the above described modifications for closing the levers d
is not required.
The modification shown in Figures 9 and 10, in so far as the separating action
of the levers d is concerned, corresponds to that illustrated in Figures 5 and 6;
but the movement of the sleeve ġ upon the tube a is effected by means of an
internally screwed socket o, which is revolubly mounted upon the sleeve g and can
be screwed forward and backward upon a corresponding screwed enlargement pof
the tube a. The socket o, when rotated carries the sleeve g along with it. A similar
actuating device may of course be used in any of the modifications herein described
where a longitudinal movement of the levers d relatively to the tube a is required,
for instance in that shown in Figures 7 and 8. In the device illustrated in
Figures 9 and 10 an india rubber or other elastic ring e', having the tendency to
always force the separating levers into the closed position, is arranged in a suitable
groove provided near the inner edges in the levers, instead of at the outer edges
as in the foregoing examples, consequently the said ring e' has a well protected
position. A similar arrangement of the indiarubber rings may of course be
employed in any of the previously described modifications where practicable.
As hereinbefore indicated, the instrument is principally intended to serve for
the introduction of medicaments into the vagina to prevent pregnancy. The
apparatus is not however restricted to this special use, but may Be employed in all
instances, where natural channels of the human body are required to be subjected
to medical treatment. In this latter respect, dimensional modifications might be
required. Moreover the invention would not be materially altered if instead of
the atomizing bulb, an analogous means for example a syringe were connected to

page_text: the apparatus; in this case the apparatus may also serve for the injection of
liquids. The number and shape of the separating levers may of course be variable
being dependent upon the requirements of the special purpose for which the
instrument is to be used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. An instrument for introducing medicaments into natural channels of the
human body, the essential feature of which is the capability of expansion of its
extremity in order that the orifice in the organ treated may be widened or enlarged
for the purpose of obtaining a better distribution of the medicaments employed,
substantially as described.
2. An instrument, of the kind referred to in the preceding claim, comprising a
mouth or nozzle piece c, a group of levers d with pivoting projections d' which, by
means of an elastic ring e surrounding the levers, are held in engagement with
corresponding recesses or bearings on the instrument, a conical sleeve g movable
longitudinally upon the instrument and adapted to bear against the rear extremities
or tail pieces of the levers the said tail pieces being pressed into contact with the
conical part by the action of an elastic ring f, so that the degree of opening of the
levers depends upon the position of the conical sleeve y upon the instrument
substantially as described with reference to Figures 1 to 4.
3. An instrument of the kind referred to in the first claim, in which the inner
profile surfaces of the levers d are made inclined relatively to the axis of the
instrument, and by acting against the mouth or nozzle piece c cause the said levers
to spread or open radially, when these levers are moved longitudinally along the
instrument substantially as described with reference to Figures 5 and 6.
4. An instrument of the kind referred to in the first claim, in which the levers d
are provided with toothed sectors 7 adapted to gear with a rack tube a to which
the mouth or nozzle piece c is connected, so that the levers d are caused to turn
into their open position, whenever a longitudinal forward movement of the mouth
or nozzle piece c relatively to the levers d is effected substantially as described
with reference to Figures 7 and 8.
5. A modification of the instruments referred to in Claims 3 or 4, in which the
longitudinal movement of the levers d relatively to the mouth or nozzle piece c is
effected by turning a female screw o, which is rotatably connected to a sleeve g
provided with bearings for the levers d and which can be screwed forward and
backward upon the tube a carrying the mouth piece or nozzle c substantially as
described with reference to Figures 9 and 10.
6. In instruments of the kind referred to in Claims 1 to 5 an india rubber or
other elastic ring, which is arranged to clasp the levers d a little in advance of the
centres of the pivots or journals of the said levers so that the said elastic ring
maintains the engagement of the pivots or journals with their bearings and at the
same time tends to retain the levers in a working position substantially as described
with reference to Figures 5 and 6.
7. In instruments of the kind referred to in Claims 1 to 5, indiarubber or other
elastic rings e for retaining the levers d in position, the said rings being located in
suitably shaped recesses cut in the inner profile edges of the levers, by which
arrangement the indiarubber rings occupy a protected position substantially as
described with reference to Figures 9 and 10.
Dated this 14th day of May 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.