IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GREEN COLOURING MATTERS TO BE USED IN DYEING AND PRINTING
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Carter, of the Camberwell New Road, in the
County of Surrey, in the Employ of William Matber, of 14, Bath Street,
Newgate Street, in the City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GREEN COLOURING MATTERS TO BE USED IN
DYEING AND PRINTING."
Sealed the 4th November 1864, and dated the 1st August 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Carter at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st August 1864.
I, HENRY CARTER, of the Camberwell New Road, in the County of Surrey,
in the Employ of William Mather, of 14, Bath Street, Newgate Street, in the
City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GREEN COLOURING MATTERS TO BE USED IN DYEING
AND PRINTING," to be as follows:-
I produce green colouring matters or dyes by taking the blue or purple
colors or dyes obtained from aniline, toluidine, and their analogues, or any
mixtures of these, (the only condition being that the color or mixture of colors
shall be soluble in water, alcohol, or acids,) and adding thereto aniline,
toluidine, or their analogues, or any mixtures of these, and either sulphate of
copper, or sulphate of iron, or other salt of these metals, or a mixture of their

page_text: salts. To this mixture I then add oxalic acid or other mineral or organic
acid, and apply heat, say, from 180° to 210 Fahrenheit, and the coloring
matters thus produced I then purify by processes already well known.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Carter in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
31st January 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
CARTER, of the Camberwell New Road, in the County of Surrey, in the
Employ of William Mather, of 14, Bath Street, Newgate Street, in the City
of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Henry Carter, Her special licence that I, the said Henry
Carter, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Henry Carter, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GREEN COLOURING
MATTERS TO BE USED IN DYEING AND PRINTING," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Henry Carter, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Carter, do hereby declare the
nature, of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
fürmed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of green
colouring matters to be used in dyeing and printing, and consists in treating
aniline, toluidine, or- their analogues, with salts of copper or iron (or with a

page_text: mixture of these salts), and with an acid, and mixing therewith soluble blue
or purple colours, or dyes obtained from aniline, toluidine, or their analogues.
The following is the manner in which I prefer to conduct the process :-I
take three parts aniline, toluidine, or their analogues, and apply heat in a
covered vessel at from 180° to 210° Fahrenheit. I then add finely-powdered
sulphate of copper (other salts of copper or iron will answer, but I prefer sul-
phate of copper,) until the mixture assumes a yellow or orange colour; or it
would answer the same purpose to pour in a solution of sulphate of copper,
re-action would resolve it into a yellow paste. To this I then add from one
to one and one half parts oxalic or other mineral or organic acid. The use
of the acid is to keep up the color of the blue or purple dye, and to keep the
mixture in solution. The quantity I have given is what I consider to answer
best, but more or less might be used. I then mix in soluble crystals of blue
or purple colours, or dyes obtained from aniline, toluidine, or their analogues,
until the desired shade of green required is obtained; it is then in a thick
paste. To bring it to a more solid state I maintain the compound at or about
the degrees of heat before mentioned, which oxidizes the aniline, and the
color is then made. I then precipitate it with soda or other alkali, which
frees it from its metallic body. It then purified by repeated washings in
alkaline and acidulated solutions, as is well understood, and is then dried and
dissolved out in methylated spirit. The color so obtained is applicable to
dyeing and printing generally.
In place of adding the blue or purple colours to the aniline, toluidine, or
their analogues, after the aniline, toluidine, or their analogues have been acted
on by the salt of copper or iron, and have also been treated with an acid as
above described, the blue or purple colours may be mixed with the aniline,
toluidine, or their analogues, before having the salt of copper or iron and acid
added to them. I prefer, however, to conduct the process in the manner
above described, as much more even results may thereby be obtained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Carter, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
HENRY CARTER. (L.S.)