A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD OR MANNER OF MANUFACTURING AND MAKING SALT
Year: 1806

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JOHN
MARSHALL, of Northwich, in the County Palatine of Chester, Salt Proprietor,
and JOHN NAYLOR, of Hartford, in the same County, Salt Proprietor, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, on or about the Fourteenth day of February, in the forty-sixth year
of His reign, did give and grant unto us, the said John Marshall and John
Naylor, our executors, administrators, and assigns, His special licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that we, the said John Marshall and John
Naylor, our executors, administrators, and assigns, during the term of four-
teen years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend the Invention therein mentioned, to wit, "A NEW AND IMPROVED
METHOD OR MANNER OF MANUFACTURING AND MAKING SALT," within that part of
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, the Domi-
nion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to us,
the said John Marshall and John Naylor, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or any of them, should seem meet, to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy
the said licence, powers, privileges, and advantages therein granted unto us,
the said John Marshall and John Naylor, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, for and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from
the date of the said Letters Patent next and immediately ensuing, and fully
to be complete and ended, according to the Statute in such case made and
provided; in which said Letters Patent there is (amongst other things) con-
tained a proviso that if we, the said John Marshall and John Naylor, or one
of us, should not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instru.

page_text: ment in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of
one of us, and cause the same to be inrolled in the High Court of Chancery
within one calendar month next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advan-
tages whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and become
void, as in and by the said recited Letters Patent, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
John Marshall and John Naylor, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature
of our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed,
as follows, that is to say :-
First, as to the nature of our said Invention. We have, by many experi-
ments ascertained that a considerable improvement will be effected in the
manufacturing and making of salt, and a great expence saved by adopting
the method by us invented. In the method now in use the salt brine is
placed in pans or boilers, to the whole of which the fire has access, and the
brine in the pans or boilers is in all parts thereof at the same respective
times or periods in an equal state of heat, except that the parts nearest to the
fire will be the most heated; but no means are employed for the special pur-
pose of causing the brine to sustain, in different parts thereof, at the same
time, and at successive moments, in regard to the same parts, various degrees
of heat by the greater or less proximity of such parts respectively to the fire.
Secondly, as to the improved method by us invented. This consists in vary-
ing, at short and successive intervals, the degrees of licat which the brine
receives from the fire, and it is done by adding to the common brine pan or
boiler, or brine pans or boilers, or any other pan or boiler used in lieu thereof,
a condenser or cooler, or condensers or coolers, having open communication
with such pans or boilers, whereby the heated brine may freely flow from the
pans or boilers into and circulate about the cooler or condenser, and from
thence back again, which it will do by means of the impulse and motion con-
municated by the fire, and by the consequent expansion of the brine, the most
heated parts flowing upon the top, and so going on towards the extreme part
of the condenser or cooler, and afterwards, when become more cool and dense,
returning in an under and backward current towards the fire, which progress
forward and backward is continued and renewed, and by means thereof the
salt is formed into crystals chiefly in the cooler or condenser, and not in the
heated pan or boiler in which the salt is wholly formed by the method now in
use; also, for the sake of dispatch and convenience, two or more coolers or
condensers might be applied to one pan or boiler, in order that the brine may
be continued to be worked in one or more of such coolers or condensers

page_text: while the salt is removing from the other or others; and also two or more
pans or boilers may be applied to one or more condenser or cooler or con-
densers or coolers. The cooler or condenser might be another pan not-heated;
but, for saving of expence in the construction, we recommend clay lined with
brick flags or other cheap. and convenient materials for forming a shallow
pond or reservoir communicating with the brine pan-or boiler, and acting as
such cooler or condenser. Any other way of causing an alternate variation of
the degrees of heat in the brine during the process would produce a similar
general effect; but no method can be more simple and easy for this purpose
than that which we have here described, and this in its principle.comprehends
all other methods of graduating and regulating the heat of the, brine by alter-
nate increase and diminution; and therefore we protest against the evasive
employment of any mode different in form and appearance or in particular
circumstances from ours above described, whereby the same or the like effect
may be produced, either entirely or partially, inasmuch as all such different
modes would be in substance and principle the same as that which we have
described above. And we particularly notice that, as the communication above
described is to be open, a pan or pans of considerably enlarged or lengthened
size having the heat applied only to part thereof would operate (more or less
according to the length and dimensions of the pans) to the forming of the
salt as described by us; because in that case the parts of the pan not heated
would be in effect condensers or coolers to the heated parts of the pan; but
the extension of the pans would operate against the saving of expence. By
the addition of the coolers or condensers a much greater quantity of salt will
be made in the same space of time than can be made in the same pans or
boilers without the coolers or condensers.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Marshall and John Naylor, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eleventh day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and six.
Signed, sealed, and delivered, by the
within-named John Marshall and
John Naylor, being first duly
stamped, in the presence of
JOHN (L.s.) MARSHALL.
JOHN (L.S.) NAYLOR.
A. WESTON,

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Eleventh day of March,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid John Marshall and John Naylor
came before our Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the Twelfth day of March, in the year above written.