IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE, OF WASHER CLOTHS' USED IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Worth, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE, OF WASHER CLOTHS'
USED IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES
"
Sealed the 6th October 1877, and dated the 19th April 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Worth at the Office
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th April 1877.
JOHN WORTH, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster.
THE MANUFACTURE OF WASHER CLOTHS' USED IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND
DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
This Invention relates to the manufacture of the "washer cloths" used for giving
the drag or friction to the bobbins of machines called "throstles," used for spinning,
and in doubling frames for doubling cotton and other fibrous substances, and
consists partly of improvements upon an Invention for which Letters Patent were
granted to me bearing date the 1st day of March 1873, No. 753.
According to the first part of my Invention, I weave the said washer cloths in
an ordinary smallware loom, and I arrange the warps in the loom in such a way as to
leave a space without warp in the centre of each washer cloth where the line of spindles
is to pass through as before, and I proceed to weave plain or twilled cloth to the end
of the piece. This method produces lengths or strips of plain or twilled cloth, with
an open stripe down the centre, composed of weft threads only, and so far I do not
claim any novelty, but according to my Invention, I then proceed to form square
holes for the spindles to pass through by cutting or punching out a certain number
of these weft threads at suitable intervals, equal to the distances between the
spindles from one end of the piece to the other.
According to another part of my Invention, I weave the said cloths in a small-
ware loom fitted with a jacquard machine, and working either with cords and
lingoes or with shafts. I arrange the warps in the reed with a central space as
before, but I usea smallware loom fitted with a jacquard machine, and I draw in
the warps through the mails, and perforate the cards in such a manner as to produce
...
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page_text: plain or twilled cloth all across the piece for a certain distance (equal to the space
between the spindles), and then weave alternately, first with one-half of the warp
and then with the other half, for a short distance without crossing the central
space, thus leaving a square central hole without either warp or weft, and with a
selvage at both edges, and a narrow piece of cloth at each side; then weave across
the full width of the piece again for the same distance as at first, and so on
alternately to the end of the piece.
The shed may be worked either by cords and lingoes, or by healds or shafts
attached to and operated by the jacquard machine, so as to produce the desired
effect. This method of weaving leaves a single weft thread passing diagonally
across from one corner to the other of each square open space, which diagonal threads
are to be cut out with scissors, or otherwise removed before using the cloth.
By using two shuttles instead of one, it is possible to leave the square hole
without any diagonal thread crossing it, but the previously described method is
more simple.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
tho said John Worth in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th October
1877.
JOHN WORTH, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF WASHER CLOTHS' USED IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND
DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
This Invention relates to the manufacture of the "washer cloths" used for giving
the drag or friction to the bobbins of machines called "throstles," used for spinning,
and in doubling frames for doubling cotton and other fibrous substances, and
consists of improvements upon an Invention for which Letters Patent were granted
to me bearing date the 1st day of March 1873, No. 753.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention, I will now proceed to
describe in detail the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or
carried into practical effect, and in order that the same may be clearly understood
I have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked
the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the
following explanation thereof:-
According to the first part of my Invention, I weave the said washer cloths in an
ordinary smallware loom, and I arrange the warps in the loom in such a way as to leave
a space without warp in the centre of each washer cloth where the line of spindles is
to pass through as before, and I proceed to weave plain or twilled cloth to the end
of the piece. This method (see Fig. 1 on the annexed Drawing) produces lengths
or strips of plain or twilled cloth a, a, with an open stripe b, b, down the centre
composed of weft threads only, and so far I do not claim any novelty, but according
to my Invention, I then proceed to form square holes for the spindles to pass
through by cutting or punching out a certain number of these weft threads, as at
c, c, at suitable intervals, equal to the distances between the spindles from one end
of the piece to the other.
According to another part of my Invention, I weave the said cloths in a small-
ware loom fitted with a jacquard machine, and working either with cords or
lingoes, or with shafts. I arrange the warps in the reed with a central space as
before, but I use a small ware-loom fitted with a jacquard machine, and I draw in
the warps through the mails, and perforate the cards in such a manner as to
produce plain or twilled cloth all across the piece for a certain distance (equal to
the space between the spindles), and then weave alternately, first with one half of
the warp and then with the other half, for a short distance without crossing the
central space, thus leaving a squaro central hole without either warp or weft,

page_text: and with a selvage at both edges, and a narrow piece of cloth at each side; then
weave across the full width of the piece again for the same distance as at first,
and so on alternately to the end of the piece.
The shed may be worked either by cords and lingoes, or by healds or shafts
attached to and operated by the jacquard machine, so as to produce the desired effect.
This method of weaving leaves a single weft thread passing diagonally across from
one corner to the other of each square open space, which diagonal threads are to be
cut out with scissors, or otherwise removed before using the cloth.
By using two shuttles instead of one, it is possible to leave the square hole
without any diagonal thread crossing it.
The arrangement of the loom employed for this purpose is illustrated at Fig. 2
in the annexed Drawing; a, a, being the framework of the loom; b, b, the "dobbie"
working the eight shafts c, c; d, d', are the two shuttles.
The shuttle rails e, e, are so arranged that they can be raised or lowered, so as to
bring either shuttle opposite to the shed of the warps, as required, and the
"drawing-in" of the warps through the healds and the indicating apparatus of the
dobbie are so arranged that the following effect is produced:-No. 1. The whole
width of the warp is shed, and the two shuttles d, d₁, alternately make two picks
each (that is, one pick across and back again), thus weaving plain or twilled cloth
across the whole width of the warp. This is repeated till the length of cloth ff.
between two spindles is woven (see Fig. 3). No. 2. Only the left hand set of
warps is shed, and the shuttle d makes one pick to and fro. No. 3. Only the right
hand set of warps is shed, and the shuttle d¹ makes one pick to and fro. Nos. 2 and
3 are repeated alternately until the two narrow strips g, g, have been woven, leaving
the space h for the passage of the spindle. No. 1 is then again repeated, and so on.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention, together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical
effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my Invention,-
First. Punching or cutting out a certain number of the weft threads at intervals,
as above described and for the purposes named.
Secondly. I claim the method of weaving the washer cloths by means of a
jacquard machine and single shuttle, as above secondly described.
And, Thirdly. I claim the method, above lastly described, of weaving the said
washer cloths by means of a dobbie or jacquard machine and two shuttles.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Worth, have hereunto set my hand and
scal, this Sixteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
TATT
JOHN WORTH. (L.S.)