IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPA-.-. RATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE. OF LACE BY LACE MACHINERY, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OTHER IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE BY LACE MACHINERY, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OTHER WEAVINGS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Pulsford, of Saint Pierre les Calais, in the
Empire of France, and George Walkland, of the same Place, Lace
Manufacturers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPA-.
LETTERS PATENT to George Pulsford, of Saint Pierre les Calais, in the
Empire of France, and George Walkland, of the same Place, Lace
Manufacturers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPA-.
RATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE. OF LACE BY LACE MACHINERY, WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OTHER
Sealed the 4th November 1864, and dated the 9th May 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Pulsford and
George Walkland at the
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 9th May 1864.
1
We, GEORGE PULSFORD, of Saint Pierre les Calais, in the Empire of
France, and GEORGE WALKLAND, of the sanie Place, Lace Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS
OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE BY LACE MACHINERY,
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OTHER
WEAVINGS," to be as follows:-
The object of the Invention is to admit of variations in the guage or width
of the fabric during manufacture in lace machinery. For this purpose in
place of the short and comparatively stiff taking up points now used, we

page_text: employ for the purpose thin blades or points, of length and flexibility which
will admit of their being readily set and held at a different guage at their
outer or operating ends from where they are set in their leads or other
holding means. Each of these points is passed between blades or divisions
of combs, which at the parts where variation in the guage of the fabric is
required are inclined, so that at such parts these blades or combs are at one
of their ends set closer together than at the opposite ends thereof, in order
that any movement of them in relation to the points will at such parts effect
variation of the guaging of the points at their outer or operating ends. The
variation of the guaging of the points is effected during the working by
means of jacquard or other pattern surface, aided by springs or weights acting
on the bar or bars carrying these combs to cause them to slide upwards or
downwards, or it may be endwise on the points, or to control these combs
whilst the points move within them. Supposing the effects desired to be
obtained on the fabric are to be by contraction, then in the working of the
parts the points will take in between the threads near the tops of the bobbin
carriages at their full or widest guage, and in the ascending motion of the
points to take up, the combs will be moved on them with a tendency at the
parts desired to contract and reduce the guage of the points at their outer ends
to the extent desired, and this variation of guage may be varied at each action
of the points according to the figure desired to be obtained to the fabric.
When even at these parts there is no necessity for variation in the guage of
the points, the combs acting on or with them will simply move with,
but without moving on them. In like manner the guage of the fabric may
be extended provided space is left at the parts for such extension of the points.
This method of effecting variations in the guage of the points of lace
machinery is also in like manner applicable to effecting variations in the
guage of the sley or reed carried by the batten of looms used in weaving other
fabrics.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Pulsford and George Walkland in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 5th November 1864.
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
PULSFORD, of Saint Pierre les Calais, in the Empire of France, and GEORGE
WALKLAND, of the same Place, Lace Manufacturers, send greeting..

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent. Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date. the Ninth, day. of May, in the year, of our Lord One;
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
George Pulsford and George Walkland, Her special licence that we, the said,
George Pulsford and George Walkland, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said George Pulsford and George Walkland,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel,
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR
APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE BY LACE MACHINERY, WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OTHER WEAVINGS,'
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said George Pulsford
and George Walkland, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our, or their hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date or the said
Letters Patent.
"
manner
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Pulsford and George Walkland,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is, to say
The object of the Invention is to admit of variations in the gauge or width
of the fabric during manufacture in lace machinery. For this purpose in
place of the short and comparatively stiff taking up points now used, we
employ for the purpose thin blades or points, of length and flexibility which
will admit of their being readily set and held at a different gauge at
their outer or operating ends from where they are set in their leads or
other holding means. Each of these points is passed between blades or
divisions of combs, which at the parts where variation in the gauge of the
fabric is required are inclined so that at such parts these blades or combs are
at one of their ends set closer together than at the opposite ends thereof, in
order that any movement of them in relation to the points, will, at such parts
effect variation of the gauging of the points at their outer or operating ends.

page_text: The variation of the gauging of the points is effected during the working by
means of jacquard or other pattern surface, aided by springs or weights acting
on the bar or bars carrying these combs, to cause them to slide upwards or
downwards, or it may be endwise on the points, or to control these combs
whilst the points move within them.
But that the Invention may be better understood we will by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings proceed more fully to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a section to a scale of one-half the real size of parts of an
ordinary lace machine with adaptations thereto according to our Invention;
Figures 2, 3, and 4 show some of the parts separately full size.
a shows a bobbin and carriage; b, b, the catch bars for operating the series
of bobbins and carriages in the ordinary manner for the work to be produced;
c is the work bar; c', the work roller; d, d, are the taking up points, which
according to our improvements are formed by thin blades so as to possess the
desired amount of flexibility in the direction towards each other of the points
of each lead, and they are set in the ordinary manner in leads d', d', carried
by the bars d, which are suspended by the arms d³, d³, from shafts d', and
the shafts dare by arms d³, d³, supported from the shafts do, do, which are
by other arms affixed thereto operated from suitable cam or pattern surfaces
for the entering and taking up motions as is well understood. Each of the
blades or points d, d, passes through a division formed between the blades or
livisions of combs e, and the blades or divisions of each of these combs e,
where variation in the gauge of the fabric is required, are inclined, as shown
by a separate view of one of them at Figure 4, so that at such parts these
blades or combs are at one of their ends e¹ set closer together than at their
opposite ends thereof, in order that a movement of them on the points d
may effect variation in the gauge of the points at their operating ends. The
blades or combs e are set in leads e³, e', and the leads e³ are by screws affixed
to bars e, which are affixed to the arms e. And these arms are suspended
from arms from the bars or shafts es, which are each acted upon by springs
or by other suitable means with a tendency to keep the combs e raised, and
they are operated for the descending motion by means of pattern segments e
(one of which is shown separately at Figure 5), acting on the arms e. There
are several of such segments across the width of the machine, each of which
turns upon an axis e¹o, and they are connected together and to jacquard or
other pattern. surface by means of links e", so as to bring them into the

page_text: desired relative position. These pattern' surfaces e act on one set of arms e
through the intervention of the sliding pieces f,f, which are capable of sliding
freely in the guides f, f¹: Other of the pattern surfaces e act on projections
applied to their arms e'. The lower ends of the arms e áre. guided to
move to and fro with the bars d² by their passing through the guides ġ affixed
to the bars d².
.
F
Figures 6 and 7 show modifications of the leads of instruments e, but these
may be varied. Supposing the effects desired to be obtained on the fabric are
to be by contraction, then in the working of the parts the points of the blades
dwill take in between the threads near the tops of the bobbin carriages at
their full or widest gauge, and in the ascending motion of the points to take
up, the combs e will be moved on them at the parts desired with a tendency
to contract and reduce the gauge of the points at their outer ends, and con-
sequently of the threads acted upon to the extent desired, and this variation
of gauge may be varied at each action of the points according to the figure
desired to be obtained to the fabric. When even at these parts, there is no
necessity for variation in the gauge of the points, the combs acting on
or with them will simply move with but without moving on them. In like
manner the gauge of the fabric may be extended, provided space is left at the
parts for such extension of the points. This method of effecting variations in
the gauge of the points of lace machinery is also in like manner applicable
to effecting variations in the gauge of the sley or reed carried by the batten
of looms used in weaving other fabrics.
In carrying out this application of the improvements the bars or plates of
the reed are at the parts of it desired capable of moving sideways at one or
both of their ends, and at such end or ends they are held in position by a
comb similar to the combs e already referred to, and moveable in the reed
frame to admit of variations in the gauge of the reed, and such movement to
the comb is effected by suitable pattern surface.
Having thus described our improvements and means which we adopt in
carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that we do not
confine ourselves to the precise arrangement shown and described, as the same
may be varied without departing from the peculiar character of our Invention,
but what we do claim is, the application in machinery for the manufacture of
lace of taking up points capable of being actuated, and the application of
actuating means to taking up points in order to admit of variation being
obtained in the gauge or width of fabric being produced, substantially as
explained.

page_text: And, secondly, we claim the application of means to effect variations in the
gauge. of the reed of looms used in weaving other fabrics.
In witness whereof, we the said George Pulsford and George Walkland,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Third day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
G. PULSFORD.
(L.S.)
GEOB: WALKLAND. (L.S.)