A New or Improved Heat Non-conducting Composition.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 1st June, 1893-Accepted, 12th Aug., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Heat Non-conducting Composition.
I, HENRY BIRKBECK of the Firm of Tongue & Birkbeck Patent Agents,
34 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C. Fellow of the
Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention (a communication to me from abroad by Henry Colbeck Michell of
68 Shuter Street, in the City of Toronto, in the County of York, in the Province
of Ontario, Canada, Journalist,) and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention has relation to a composition of matter intended for use as a
covering for steam boilers and all other structures intended for the production
distribution and application of heat the object being to prevent radiation and loss
of heat. Among the ends in view are the production of a non-conducting substance
which shall be cheap, comparatively light, porous, that is, interiorly disposed into
numerous cells which will constitute within the composition multitudinous dead air
spaces or vacuums more or less perfect. These. cells are non-communicating and
tend to reduce the weight of the composition as a whole so that radiation and loss
of heat are prevented without the addition and undue weight of material to the
structure to be covered.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear in the following
description and the novel features will be particularly set forth in the claims.
For the body of my composition I use mica and soap stone each in a more or
less finely powdered condition and I thereby secure the well known advantage
common to each in that each is not materially affected by ordinarily high
temperature especially by such degrees of temperature as will naturally exist in
steam producing and heating apparatus. I employ as a binder molasses or other
equivalent saccharine binding medium. As it requires approximately four hundred
degrees Fah. to burn sugar or the saccharine principle of molasses it will serve as
an efficient binder for all structures intended for the production or application of
heat below that temperature. I employ bi-carbonate of soda for the production of
the cellular structure which serves at the same time to lighten the mass.
addition of soda to the composition as already described, acts upon the composition
exactly like yeast on dough in making bread, rendering the said composition
cellular while the molasses act as a binding medium for the said composition.
The
I do not limit my invention to any particular proportion of each of the
ingredients as the same may be modified to produce variable effects for different or
specific purposes but as a standard formula for producing a covering for ordinary
structures used under ordinary circumstances and conditions I find the following
proportions to be eminently satisfactory. Mica, two parts, soap stone, two parts,
molasses or equivalent, one part, bi-carbonate of soda one one-hundredth part. As
above stated however these proportions may be varied as desired for special
purposes conditions of use and the degree of temperature to which the substance is
to be subjected.
The composition is prepared in the following manner :-
I boil water sufficient in quantity to give the composition a mortar like con-
sistency for one half hour or thereabouts the molasses or equivalent and soda being
mixed therewith and while hot I add the mica and soap stone.
The composition when properly fixed having the consistency of mortar can be
applied to a structure by means of a jacket arranged at such a distance from the
structure to be covered as to form a surrounding space into which the composition
may be poured. A covering of wire cloth may if desired be first placed within the
LD07

page_text: jacket and will serve to hold the composition in place until it is hardened by the
application of heat and the said jacket may remain as a permanent protector to
the composition. An outer covering of any waterproof material may be applied for
example a suitable composition of mica soap stone and coal tar which would give a
waterproof and enamelled or finished exterior. A coat of ordinary paint may be
used as an exterior finish but the composition itself will not require an exterior
coating except where it is exposed to excessive moisture.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A heat non-conducting composition consisting of mica or other non-conducting
material mixed with molasses or other binding medium in the proportion of two
parts of non-conducting material to one part of binding material substantially as
and for the purposes specified.
2. A heat non-conducting composition consisting of mica soap stone molasses and
bi-carbonate of soda substantially as set forth.
3. A heat non-conducting composition of matter consisting of mica soap stone a
saccharine binding medium and bi-carbonate of soda substantially as specified.
4. In a heat non-conducting composition the means herein described for rendering
the same cellular and a binding medium consisting of molasses or saccharine
equivalent substantially as specified.
Dated this 1st day of June 1893.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.