Year: 1887

page_text: I, ADOLPH LINDNER of No. 8 Jäger Strasse in the City of Berlin, Prussia,
Germany, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following specification:
My invention relates to an improved breech loading fire arm on the block system,
that is, not the ordinary falling breech piece but a rotary block, said block being so
arranged that the cartridge is forced into the cartridge chamber when the block is
closed without it being necessary, as in all other known forms of block guns, to press
the cartridge with the thumb into the cartridge chamber.
The greatest disadvantage hitherto experienced in all block systems is, that the
cartridge must be driven home into the cartridge chamber before the block can be
closed and in order to overcome this disadvantage I arrange my block on a fulcrum
so that the block will force the cartridge into the cartridge chamber. Another defect
is, that in case the cartridge should have become deformed and the soldier presses it
hard into the chamber he can only remove the same by means of the ramrod and
this is in active warfare, as a rule, impossible, so that the man is left without a
weapon.
There are many other minor disadvantages which it would take too much time to
enumerate, but in any case the block system must in spite of these disadvantages
be considered as offering much more security to the shooter than it is possible to
attain when sliding breech pieces (so-called bolt guns) are employed.
Now the object of my said invention is to overcome all these difficulties by
modifying the construction of the block in the manner that the cartridge is forced
into the cartridge chamber by the movement of the block.
Figure 1 is a vertical section through the breech action showing the breech block
closed and the parts in the position they occupy when ready for firing, the dotted
lines representing the position of the said parts after firing.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the breech action with the block partly withdrawn
from the breech receiver the fired cartridge extracted and the fresh cartridge on the
flap ready to be driven into the cartridge chamber as soon as the block is closed.
Figure 3 to 10 are details of the construction.

page_text: A is the breech receiver B the breech block working in a mortice of the breech
receiver and made of one piece with the trigger guard and hand lever b said breech
block being hollowed out so as to receive the main spring a, hammer c, arm d, and
trigger e, the fulcrum g around which the entire breech block moves and on which
the hammer c is mounted, the trigger e being provided with a spring f
C
That part of the block B which closes hard onto the cartridge in the cartridge
chamber, that is, the face, is bored out to receive the firing pin i and its helical
spring said firing pin being operated by a blow from the hammer c when the
spring a is released. The arm d is at the one end attached to the hammer c, glides
in a groove in the curved surface of the block B and is guided in a cavity in the
breech receiver A whilst its extremo rear ond moves in a cavity of the butt of the
gun and is provided with a small flat spring hand a hook h for holding the parts in
cocked position for which purpose the flat spring presses the said hook into gear
with the edge k of the cavity in the breech receiver. In order to prevent the block
being opened by the force of the discharge a rotary bolt with suitable recesses
and, is arranged in the breech receiver or case A and is kept continuously under
the influence of a helical spring 1. To the one end of this bolt I affix a small thumb
lever so that when the said thumb piece is free and the block B is closed that part
of the bolt which is immediately to the rear of the recess 2 will be caused to move
forward by the power of the helical spring so that this portion of the said bolt will
enter into the recess m in the breech block.
nis a flap which is operated on by a small helical spring n' so that the loaded
cartridge can be readily fed into the cartridge chamber and so that the extracted
fired cartridge shell will be prevented from falling onto the face of the block. The
curved surface of the block is open to permit the free movement of the arm d in the
samo. The extractor is of original construction and consists of a rod o of appropriato
form for extracting the fired off shell from the cartridge chamber the same is formed
of a square rod bent up at an angle and so recessed at its upper rear end o² that it
will securely grip the flange of the cartridge whilst the forward end is provided with
a transverse groove o' onto which the one prong or arm pl of a fork p gears, so as to
hold the said extractor in its position of rest until the fork p which is held in gear
with the groove o² by means of the small flat spring p is released by a pin q¹ of the
auxiliary rod y forcing the rod p to one side and releasing the prong p² from its gear
in the groove or recess of in the extractor rod o. This auxiliary rod is pivotted to
the breech block B passes under the barrel and through the breech receiver A into
a cavity in the stock D said rod being provided at its forward end with a cylindrical
casing containing a helical spring y² and slotted to receive a knob q³ for putting
the spring q under tension when the breech block B is opened and the knob q³ comes
in contact with the end of the extractor rod o. When the block has receded far
enough a small pin on the auxiliary rod q presses the fork p to one side and releases
its one arni or prong from its gear with the extractor rod o whereupon the spring q
is freed so that the knob g³ will force the extractor rod o to the rear or towards the
butt end of the gun with a vehemence corresponding with the power of the helical
spring and extract the cartridge from the cartridge chamber.
The operation is as follows:-
Supposing the weapon to have been fired off, first depress the thumb piece l' and
push the hand lever b downwards so that the block B is compelled to turn on the
axis g. During this inovement the arm d attached to the haminer c is pushed to the
rear into the cavity in the butt, the flap n is depressed by the spring n' so that it
remains in contact with the block B, the auxiliary rod or arm q is drawn to the rear
so that the knob q³ comes in contact with the forward end of the extractor rod p and
remains in contact with the same the auxiliary arm then moves further forwards and
the knob being in contact with extractor rod o the helical spring q' is compressed
until the pin or small projection q* comes in contact with the fork p, prosses the same
to the one side and thus allows the helical spring q' to act with its full force on the
extractor rod o so that the cartridge is not only extracted but also ejected over the
shoulder of the shooter.

page_text: A loaded cartridge can now be introduced into the cartridge chamber and the
block closed ready for firing by means of the hand lever b whereby the following
movement of the parts ensues. The arm d being depressed by the small spring
attached to the same is caught by the edge k of the breech receiver thus hindering
the hammer c from moving with the block B and thus compressing the rear or main
spring a. As soon as the breech block has been fully closed the helical spring 1³ will
force the bolt to the thumb piece forward, so that the part / Figure 1, enters the
recess m.
с
The parts are now at full cock and the extreme rear end of the cocking arm d
immediately above the trigger nose e² so that as soon as the said trigger e is pressed
to the rear the arm d will be freed from gear with the edge k of the breech receiver,
the spring a will propel the hammer c forward against the firing pin i, drive the same
forwards against the cap sitting over the anvil of the cartridge shell and cause the
explosion of the said cap and consequently of the powder charge.
C
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and the
manner of carrying the same into effect I wish it to be understood that the minor
parts of my invention can be modified in various ways without departing from
the tenor of my said invention, but what I do claim and desire to protect by Letters
Patent is :-
1. The hollow or recessed rotary breech block B made of one piece or rigidly
connected to the hand lover b and containing the hammer spring a, firing pin i
cocking arm d, and trigger e, substantially as described in the foregoing specification
and shown in the accompanying drawings.
2. The recessed thumb piece or lover and its helical or other spring for preventing
the opening of the breech before the bolt of the said thumb piece is freed from its
gear with the cavity or recess m in the breech block B, substantially as described in
the foregoing specification and shown in the accompanying drawings.
3. The construction and employment of a rotary recessed block formed of one
piece with the trigger guard and hand lever b in combination with the extractor o
and auxiliary arm 9 and its attachments, substantially as described in the foregoing
specification and shown in the accompanying drawings.
4. The extractor rod o, auxiliary rod or arm q fork p³, releasing pin q*, helical
spring g and knob, button or stud 93, substantially as and for the purpose set forth
in the foregoing specification and shown in the accompanying drawings.
5. My improved rotary breech block which is open on the curved side, substantially
ns described in the foregoing specification and shown in the accompanying drawings;
or any mere modification of the same.
6. The construction and employment of my improved breech block and action or
mechanisin substantially as described in the foregoing specification and shown in the
accompanying drawings or any mere modification of the same.
Dated this 4th day of November 1887.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Associate Agent.