Improvements in Mains and Conduits for Electric Cables, and in Collars and Connections for same.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 12th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 13th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 18th Mar.,
1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Mains and Conduits for Electric Cables, and in
Collars and Connections for same.
I, DAN RYLANDS of Shepcote Stairfoot near Barnsley in the County of
York, Glass Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
:-
My present invention has for its object such improved construction of mains and
conduits for electric cables and in collars and connections for same as shall secure
the advantage of the use of a very high voltage and at the same time protect against
the loss occasioned by heavy leakage of electricity.
According to my present invention I so construct the mains for electric wires
that there is glass only or some equally good or better nonconducting material for
the electric cable to pass through. These mains are made in any convenient
lengths and at the junctions of these lengths I fit in or secure in any suitable
manner a collar or collars having central annular groove or grooves for containing
oil or other suitable liquid non conductor, and this annular groove or grooves is or
are connected by means of a hole at the top or in any suitable position with a
lubricator or oil feeder of any suitable kind so that the supply of oil is kept so
constant that the said annular groove is kept full of oil. The aforesaid collar is of
a smaller size or diameter than the main pipe and it may be either square or round
or any other suitable shape. The collars being of a smaller size than the main
support the cable clear of the remaining portions of the main and thus for all the
length of the main except where the collars are the cable has a surrounding of air.
Where so required I make small holes or slots where the collars are fixed in so as
to drain off any condensed vapour or water which may accumulate in the mains.
In some of the mains I form a continuous slot the whole length thereof but so that
there is a watercourse having a glass bottom or bottom of other similar material.
In case of glass this continuous slot is easily formed during the casting process by
having the plunger or mandril which forms the hole made of such a shape that this
continuous slot is formed during the process of casting the glass. In some cases
I also cast the collars in such a shape externally that they form the connection for
connecting the pipes or mains together and so that a suitable grease or oil or
composition can be used in screwing up such collars. In applying my present
invention to smaller conduits such as connections from mains into houses I cover the
glass or other conduits with light tin or zinc or other cheap covering and I form
such covering in such a shape that 2 or more conduits or pipes of glass or other
It will be well under-
suitable material can be fixed in the same covering or tube.
stood that in all the mains or conduits made according to my present invention
there may be any number of passages or holes or tubes of any desired shape for the
laying in of the cables without departing from the main principles hereinbefore
described.
Dated 10th day of May 1892.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Mains and Conduits for Electric Cables, and in
Collars and Connections for same.
I, DAN RYLANDS of Shepcote, Stairfoot near Barnsley in the County of York,
Glass Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :--
My present invention has for its object such improved construction of mains and
conduits for electric cables and in collars and counections for same as shall secure
the advantage of the use of a very high voltage and at the same time protect against
the loss occasioned by heavy leakage of electricity.
According to my present invention I so construct the mains for electric wires
that there is glass only or some equally good or better nonconducting material for
the electric cable to pass through. These mains are made in any convenient
lengths and at the junctions of these lengths I fit in or secure in any suitable
manner a collar or collars having central annular groove or grooves for containing
oil or other suitable liquid nonconductor and this annular groove or grooves is or
are connected by means of a hole at the top or in any suitable position with a
lubricator or oil feeder of any suitable kind so that the supply of oil is kept so
constant that the said annular groove is kept full of oil. The aforesaid collar is of
a smaller size or diameter than the main pipe and it may be either square or round
or any other suitable shape. The collars being of a smaller size than the main
support the cable clear of the remaining portions of the main and thus for all the
length of the main except where the collars are, the cable has a surrounding of
air. Where so required I make small holes or slots where the collars are fixed in
so as to drain off any condensed vapour or water which may accumulate in the
mains. In some of the mains I form a continuous slot the whole length thereof
but so that there is a watercourse having a glass bottom or bottom of other similar
material. In case of glass this continuous slot is easily formed during the casting
process by having the plunger or mandrill which forms the hole made of such a
shape that this continuous slot is formed during the process of casting the glass.
In some cases I also cast the collars in such a shape externally that they form the
connection for connecting the pipe or mains together and so that a suitable grease
or oil or composition can be used in screwing up such collars. In applying my
present invention to smaller conduits such as connections from mains into houses
cover the glass or other conduits with light tin or zinc or other cheap covering
and I form such covering in such a shape that 2 or more conduits or pipes of glass
or other suitable material can be fixed in the same covering or tube. It will be
well understood that in all the mains or conduits made according to my present
invention there may be any number of passages or holes or tubes of any desired
shape for the laying in of the cables without departing from the main principles
hereinbefore described.
In the accompanying drawing,
Fig. 1 is a view in sectional elevation showing one of my improved methods of
coupling up or connecting the glass tubes constituting an insulating main or
conduit.
Fig. 2 is an elevation in detail of one of the coupling collars shown sectionally
by Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional end view of a glass tube and coupling collar taken on the
dotted line A. A. Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is an end sectional view of a tube and coupling collar-the lower
portion of the tube being formed as shown for water collecting and drainage
purposes.
Fig. 5 is an elevation in section in which the internally threaded ends of two

page_text: portions of a main are coupled and connected together by an externally threaded
coupling collar.
Fig. 6 is an end view of the coupling collar shown by Fig. 5 in sectional
elevation.
In Figs. 1, 2, and 3, a a are two portions of a glass insulating main that it is
desired to connect and couple together; the coupling collar or connector the
external diameter c of which is truly ground by emery in the usual manner to fit
accurately into the end portions d d of the glass main which are also truly ground
internally; ee are annular grooves formed in the exterior portion of the coupling
collar; ff are longitudinal perforations formed through the body of the collar for
the support and passage of the insulated wires or cables 9 9. The outer ends of
the sectional lengths constituting a main are formed at hh into lubricators or oil
containers as shown by Figs. 1 and 3.
In connecting together the tubes of a main it is only necessary to place the
coupling collars in position in the interior of the end portions of the sectional
lengths as shown by Fig. 1, care being taken to have the annular grooves e e imme-
diately under and in communication with the oil containers h h. This having been
accomplished and the wires or cables placed in position as shown, oil or other
suitable fluid is now poured into the oil cups h filling the annular grooves e e
which it will now be seen are for the purpose of providing a liquid luting between
the external diameter of the coupling collars and the internal diameter of the glass
tubes, thus very effectually preventing the entrance of water or moisture into the
interior of the main and in so doing adding greatly to its efficiency. The wires or
cables being threaded through the perforations ff are localised in position in the
interior of the insulating main, are prevented from coming into contact with each
other, and are surrounded and enveloped with air only excepting the small portion
of wire or cable that is in contact with the coupling collars.
In some cases I prefer to employ a main having the sectional formation shown by
Fig. 4, the channel portion being provided for the purpose of collecting and
draining away through the perforations any water that may collect in the
interior of the main. It is difficult in a main of this formation to form the joint
between the outer diameter of the coupling collar and the internal diameter of the
tubes to be connected with sufficient accuracy to employ oil as a luting, but a
luting of tallow or a mixture of tallow and oil or of wax and oil forced into the
container (Fig. 4) will find its way into the luting groove m formed in the outer
diameter of the coupling collar and will make a good and sufficient joint against
the admission of water or moisture into the interior of the main.
In a further modification of my invention shown by Fig. 5 and 6, I provide a
coupling collar n screw-threaded externally at both ends as shown, the outer ends
of the glass tubes being also screw-threaded. The threaded portions of the
coupling collar and the internally threaded portions of the glass tubes having been
well coated with any suitable grease, oil or composition, are screwed together till
the ends of the tubes are in contact with the enlarged middle portion of the
coupling collar. The oil or grease contained in the space between the external
and internal threads provides a trustworthy joint against the admission into the
interior of the main of water or moisture.
The screw threads carried by the coupling collar and the end portions of the
glass tubes as shown by Fig. 5 are right-handed threads, but it will be necessary
in order to avoid the twisting together of the wires or cables during the screwing
up operation that the opposite ends of the glass tubes and their corresponding
threaded portion of coupling collars shall be formed with left-handed threads, and
that the collars shall be held stationary and the tubes revolved during the screwing
up and the making of the joint.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. For electrical purposes the improved method of coupling up glass tubes and

page_text: excluding water or moisture from the interior thereof as described and illustrated
by Figs. 1 2 and 3.
2. For electrical purposes the improved method of coupling up glass tubes and
draining moisture or water therefrom as described and illustrated by Fig. 4.
3. Coupling glass tubes for electrical purposes in the manner described and
illustrated by Figs. 5 and 6.
1000
DAN RYLANDS.