Improvements in Magazine Firearms.
Year: 1892

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Magazine Firearms.
I, ARTHUR WILLIAM SAVAGE, of Utica, Oneida County, New York State,
United States of America do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to an improvement in inagazine firearms.
Some of the more salient points of my improved firearm consist in providing an
arm adapted for sporting and military purposes, and adapted to use modern
ammunition, and which combine the advantages of a hammerless gun with a
magazine capable of being used as a single loader without reference to whether the
magazine is full or empty, and providing a magazine which brings the cartridges
therein into such relative position that they are not liable to explode one another,
besides providing many other features of utility and novelty which will be apparent
to those skilled in the art, as they follow the description.
In the drawings which accompany and form part of this Specification and in
which similar letters and figures of reference refer to corresponding parts in the
several figs.,
Fig. 1 shows a top view of the frame portion of my gun including a small portion
of the barrel and a portion of the stock.
Fig. 2 shows the same parts shown in Fig. 1, from the side.
Fig. 3 shows the same parts shown in Figs. 1 and 2 from the bottom.
Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section taken on a central line of the frame, stock
and barrel, and a portion of the working parts and exhibiting the working parts as
they would appear with the left hand side of the gun removed, the working parts
being in the position which they assume when the breech is open and the magazine
is partially filled with cartridges, and the cartridge is about to be introduced into
the barrel.
Fig. 5 shows a partial longitudinal section of the breech-bolt, exposing to view
the firing-pin and firing pin spring and the L-shaped rear end of the firing-pin in
connection with the seer and trigger in their proper relative positions. It also
shows the extractor.
Fig. 6 shows a rear end view of the breech-bolt and firing-pin.
Fig. 7 shows in detail, a portion of the breech-bolt in section and a portion in
full lines, in connection with the rear L-shaped end of the firing-pin, a portion of
the firing-pin spring, and a section of the sleeve on which the extractor is mounted,
the breech-block being turned on the firing-pin as a pivot to open the parts and
better exhibit the construction.
Fig. 8 is a companion view of Fig. 4, showing the same parts in the position
which they assume immediately after the gun has been fired.
Fig. 9 shows in side and end elevation, the end of the arm of the operating
) lever.
Fig. 10 shows a horizontal section of the frame, 'exposing to view from the top,
the working parts of the gun.
Fig. 11 shows a section taken on line A-B of Fig. 8 with the breech-block in
firing position and the magazine substantially filled with cartridges, the cartridges
being shown in full as from the base or rear end.
Fig. 12 shows a section taken on line C-D of Fig. 4 the breech being open and
the cartridge about to be introduced into the barrel. The cartridges are shown in
full lines.
Fig. 13 shows a section taken similar to Fig. 12 with modified form of magazine
core.

page_text: Fig. 14 shows the same section as Fig. 12, looking from the barrel side of the
section in which the end of the breech-block is seen and the bullet end of the
cartridge, which is shown in full lines.
Fig. 15 shows, in the portion of the figure marked a a section of the frame in
section, in connection with the cartridge retainer and the cartridge held in the
magazine by the retainer, and the cartridge introduced into the breech-opening
and also held by the retainer against the frame. The right hand or portion of
the figure shows the magazine cartridge and the retainer, as seen from the left side
of the other portion of the figure.
b
Fig. 16 shows at a, a front end view of the cartridge retainer, in connection with
the magazine cartridge held by the retainer and the spring for operating the
retainer, and in the right hand or portion of the figure, and also shows the same
cartridge and retainer in the same relative position as seen from the left of the
other portion of Fig. 16.
Fig. 17 shows at a, an end view of the magazine, cartridge and cartridge-retainer
in the next position from that shown in Fig. 16, after the cartridge has been
advanced a little by the advancing breech-block and the portion of Fig. 17 shows
in side elevation, as seen from the left of Fig. 17A, the same cartridge and retainer
in the same relative position. In this position the ball end of the cartridge is about
to enter the barrel. This figure may also show the position of a cartridge introduced
into the breech-opening and not having come from the magazine.
Fig. 18 shows at a top view of the breech-bolt and cartridge-extractor mounted
thereon, in connection with a cartridge which has been advanced by the breech-
bolt partially into the barrel and also in connection with a top view of the cartridge
retainer. Fig. 18 also shows at a, a side view of a portion of the breech-block,
cartridge and cartridge extractor, shown in the other portion of the figure.
Fig. 19 shows a top view of a portion of the breech-bolt and cartridge-extractor
in connection with a cartridge shell just withdrawn from the barrel and engaged
with the cartridge-ejector, provided on the cartridge retainer, a top view of which
is shown.
Fig. 20 shows in side elevation at a and in cross-section at b, the cartridge-
advancing core shown in Fig. 13, in connection with the cartridge-advancing leaf,
figured or numbered projections or flanges, and a portion of the frame on which the
parts are mounted.
Fig. 21 shows at a and b respectively, the same parts shown in Fig. 20, in a
changed position.
Fig. 22 shows at a and respectively a longitudinal vertical section of the
device shown in Fig. 20, and an end view of the same.
Fig. 23 shows a partial longitudinal section of the firing pin, and a partial
longitudinal section of the breech-bolt in connection with the rear portion of the
firing-pin, the cartridge extractor and section of the sleeve on which the extractor
is mounted.
Referring more particularly to the reference numerals marked on the drawings
in a more specific description of the device, 1 indicates the barrel which is screw-
threaded into the frame 2 in the usual manner, and which frame is provided with a
stock 3, also in the usual manner. Under the barrel is provided a tip-stock 4. In
the frame at the end of the barrel 5 is provided an opening 6 into the magazine in
which slides breech-bolt 8 which when in firing position is adapted to close the
opening 6 in the frame. Beneath the breech-opening 6 is provided the magazine
within the frame which consists essentially of a cylindrical opening in the frame
provided with a wall 7, curved in cross-section, the wall constituting a portion of
the frame. Within the magazine is provided a partially revolving cartridge
advancing core x, which is provided with a following flange or cartridge advancer 13
preferably with an inclined face inclining upwards toward the muzzle of the gun
(Fig. 20) adapted to engage the cartridges within the magazine and force them
up to the point where they are acted upon by the bolt to introduce them into the
barrel. The cartridge advancing core may also be provided with a series of

page_text: projections as 13ª which will separate the several cartridges contained within the
nagazine. The cartridge-advancing core is mounted upon the shaft or spindle 15
(see Fig. 22) which is provided with enlarged plate head 16 adapted to be received
n the end of the magazine chamber and held in position by a screw 17 introduced
through the frame and into one of a series of holes provided in the periphery of the
head 16, whereby the tension is obtained on the spring as hereinafter pointed out.
The opposite end of shaft 15 is supported in an opening in diaphragma plate 21 of
the frame, and to this end of the shaft or spindle 15 is secured one end of the
spring 18. The opposite end of the spring is secured to the cartridge-advancing
core. The cartridge-advancing core is provided at its rear end with a circular
Hange 19 engaging within a circular recess 20 in the diaphragm plate 21 of the
frame. The opposite end of the cartridge-advancing core is provided with a
circular figured disc 11 which is provided with numbers or characters on its
periphery, which are successively presented at opening 12 in the frame (see
Fig. 2). The numbers or characters are so arranged on the disc 11 that it will
indicate, by means of the figure or character presented at the opening 12, the
number of cartridges contained in the magazine. The tension of the spring 18
which advances the cartridges out of the curved, elongated magazine, is adjusted
by removing tip-stock 4, and the screw 17 and inserting a screw-driver in the
slotted opening in the head shown in Fig. 22, and then turning this screw-driver
and winding the spring to the desired tension, after which a screw is inserted in
any one of the series of openings provided in the head 16, some openings being
shown in dotted lines in Fig. 22. Keys instead of screws may be employed. The
cartridges are placed in the magazine through the opening 6, and as they are placed
into the magazine sidewise one after the other, the cartridge advancing core with
leaf 13 and the cartridge advancing core and flange are backed up against the
tension of the spring until the leaf engages projecting flange 42 (Fig. 11),
extending into the curved chamber. The cartridges are retained within the
magazine by cartridge-retainer 27 which consists of a vertical swinging arm having
a pivotal projection 28 at its lower end adapted to engage in an opening 28",
provided in the diaphragm plate 21 of the frame. At the upper end the retainer
is provided with a substantially horizontal projecting arm 28, which projecting
arm lies substantially parallel with the frame or wall of the opening 6 and is
adapted either to partially close the breech opening or to be retracted into a
recess 28 provided in the curved wall of the magazine for its reception. The
cartridge retainer is also provided with a cartridge holder detent 31, which consists
of a flange projecting in the line of the barrel and being lower than horizontal
portions of the arm for engaging the rim of the cartridge. This flange is also
provided with a slight depression in its under surface and right hand edge as
shown in Fig. 15, adapted to receive the rim of a cartridge. It will also be
noticed that the horizontal projecting holder 31 has an upper shoulder or shelf y.
The breech bolt slides or reciprocates in its ways directly over the shoulder y of
the retainer and is adapted to act against the cam face 29 of the cartridge retainer
(shown in Fig. 18B) as it advances from its most retracted position, which causes the
cartridge retainer arm 28" to be moved aside into the recess 28 out of the line of
movement of the breech block, the breech block moving in line with the barrel.
The cartridge retainer is projected into its forward position in the line of travel of
the breech block, when said block is retraced by spring 30 (Fig. 16) acting
against the wall of the magazine or frame. On the cartridge retainer arm 28",
provide the ejector stop 41 which consists of a projection from the inner surface
of the retainer and adapted to engage the rim of the cartridge shell. As the
cartridge is withdrawn from the barrel into the breech opening by the extractor 25,
mounted on the breech block, the shell is retracted, to which retractor is provided
a hook 26 adapted to engage the flange of the cartridge.
To permit the breech block to play freely to and fro through the breech opening
and also to allow the ejector stop 41 to be in position to engage the rear of
the cartridge, the breech-block is provided with a longitudinal groove 41ª along its

page_text: side, the ejector stop traversing the groove as the breech-block is advanced or
retracted. The breech-block is provided with a cup-shaped end adapted to
engage the end of the cartridge, the rim forming the cup being cut out in several
places to permit the introduction of the cartridge extractor and the use of other
parts hereinafter pointed out. It is also provided with a central perforation in
the end through which the firing pin point is adapted to play, to explode the
cartridge. The remaining portion of the body of the breech-block is provided
with a chamber 23 to receive the firing-pin 43 and firing-pin spring 46. The
rear end of the chamber 23 is closed by sleeve 25ª surrounding the firing-pin, and
on which is secured the extractor 25. The sleeve is held rigidly in the breech-
block by pin or key not shown. The firing-pin is provided with a removable
point 45 which is screwed onto the point end of the pin. The firing-pin spring is
confined between the shoulder of the removable point and shoulder 46 of the
sleeve 25 (see Figs. 5 and 23). The inner rear portion of the sleeve block
consists of an L-shaped projection 8 which projects somewhat to the side of the
rear end of the breech-block to utilize the room within the frame. In the L-shaped
portion 8 of the breech-block, I provide an angular cam groove 32 adapted to
receive projection 33 on the end of curved lever arm 34, of operating lever 36,
which lever 36 is pivoted at 35 to a projection on the under side of the frame.
The free end swings below the frame and forms the trigger guard. The firing
pin 43 is also provided with an L-shaped projection 43 at its rear end, which
projection is provided with a cam-face 57", adapted to be engaged by projection 60
on the end of operating lever arm 34 (see Fig. 9.) The cam face 57 is
preferably arranged to be about a sixteenth of an inch in advance of the rear face
of groove 32 of the breech-block, so that as the operating lever is moved to draw
back the breech-block, the firing pin will be acted on first and held back thereby
while the breech-block and firing-pin are being drawn back or projected forward
by the operation of the lever arm 34, thus withdrawing the firing pin from the
face of the breech-block so as not to allow it to become engaged with, and explode
the cartridge. On the outside of the L-shaped projection 43" of the firing pin, is
provided a catch projection 47 adapted to be engaged by catch 49 on the sear 50,
and thus cocking the gun. The scar is pivoted at 40 to a pin secured in the frame.
On the opposite end of the sear 50, I provide a pin 51, which is engaged by the
forked end 52 of the trigger arm 57; trigger 53 is pivoted at 54, on a pin secured
in the frame. The trigger is actuated by a spring 55 engaging the trigger at 58
and secured at 56 to the frame. In the frame is provided a support 32" upon which
rests the end of lever arm 34 when the working parts of the gun are in firing
position, forming a locking support to the rear of the breech-block when the gun
is used. The curved lever 34 is concentric with the pivotal points 35 of the
operating lever and is substantially of uniform size in portion of its length and
enters the chamber of the frame containing the working parts of the gun through
an opening 37 fitted to receive it therein and being of uniform size keeps the
opening also closed, thus excluding dirt and foreign matter from the chamber of
the frame containing the working parts of the gun. By the use of the curved
arm 34, clearness is had between the operating end of the lever and the pivotal
point, which space is utilized for working parts of the gun. The L-shaped
wing on arm of the breech block is provided with a cam face 39 adapted to engage
against a pin or fixed portion 40 of the gun, whereby a powerful leverage is
obtained in starting the cartridge in withdrawing them from the barrel, and is
accomplished by the rising and falling of the rear of the breech block when
operated by the mechanism before referred to. There is also provided a safety
catch shown in dotted lines at m which slides in a suitable recess in the frame and
is adapted to be projected to engage the rear end of the trigger so that the
trigger cannot be operated to fire the gun while the catch is in its forward position
and the gun cocked.
Projecting from the inner curved wall of the magazine at the side of the breech
opening I provide a projection 42 the upper face of which extends down and in

page_text: close proximity to the cartridge advancing core of the magazine chamber and is
adapted to raise the cartridges into the breech opening as they are forced out of
the magazine by the cartridge advancing core, and the lower face forms a stop
against which the leaf strikes when the magazine is being filled. In case the
cartridge advancing core is provided with projections as 13, these projections are
made in sections with spaces between the sections, being shown at 9, 10 and 14 in
Fig. 4 and the projection or lip 42 in that case is provided with notches or cutaway
portions which permit the projections 13" to pass between them. In the case where
the projections 13" are not used the lip 42 may be a continuous lip. On the breech
block is provided a shoulder 38" which is preferably slightly inclined and is adapted
to engage against fixed shoulder 38 in the frame when the gun is breech up. At
the rear end of the barrel and in the magazine opening is provided an inclined
face 22 up which the forward end of the cartridge slides, by which they are raised
on their passage from the magazine into the barrel. The breeching up and locking
mechanism is arranged to raise and lower the rear of the breech-block as already
described, and form powerful breeching up qualities in my gun.
The operation of the device is substantially as follows. Supposing the breech to
be fully opened by the withdrawal of the breech-bolt to its extreme rear or open
position, the cartridges are introduced into the magazine chamber through the
opening 6 one by one by hand or by using a filler, and as they are so introduced
they pass around and are held by the curved wall 7 of the frame and against the
tension of spring 18 with their ends in substantially the same vertical plane. When
the magazine is full the last cartridge will be held in the magazine by arm 28" of
the retainer, engaging the last cartridge introduced, or better, by the holding
projection 31 engaging the rim of the cartridge in the magazine. With the
magazine thus filled with cartridges the gun can be used as a single loader by
introducing the cartridges into the breech opening and between the arm 28" of the
retainer and the fixed side of the opening. When a cartridge is thus introduced,
it bears against the arm 28" of the retainer and thus swings the retainer to one side,
the arm 28 entering partially into the recess in the frame. This swinging of the
upper end of the retainer causes the arm 31 to press against the upper cartridge in
the magazine, and force the entire column of cartridges back a little way,
against the resistance of the spring follower, so that the upper cartridge in the
magazine is removed from the path of travel of the breech block in closing. As
the breech block is advanced by operating the lever 36 and its connecting parts,
the front end of the breech-bolt strikes the cartridge so introduced and forces it
into the barrel of the gun, the front end of the cartridge riding up the incline 22.
As the breech block is advanced, the projection 47 of the firing pin is caught and
held by the projection 49 on the sear and its forward movement is arrested, and as
the breech block completes its movement the firing pin is held back into the
position shown in Fig. 5, in firing position. As the breech-block completes, or
nearly completes, its movement in introducing the cartridge the rear end is raised
while advancing, by the action of the projection 33 on curved arm 34 of the lever,
in the slot 32 of the arm of the bolt. This raising of the rear end of the bolt
brings the shoulder 38 of the bolt in front of the shoulder or abuttment 38 of the
frame, locking the bolt securely against rearward movement. At the same time
the lower front corner of the L-shaped arm of the bolt is carried over the abutt-
ment 32* in the frame, locking the bolt against downward movement, in which case
the gun is completely breeched and ready for firing, which is simply done by pulling
the trigger 53 which releases the catch on the seer from the catch of the firing pin
which is advanced by the spring 46" and explodes the cartridge. Heel a³ of the
trigger in the loading operation, is in contact with the inner curve of the concentric
arm, thus preventing the gun from being prematurely discharged during loading
and is thus held until the bolt is driven home, and heel a³ of the trigger is then
free to move in recess or cutaway surface 3 on the inner curve of the lower arm,
when the gun can be discharged, as before stated. As the breech-block is placed
in its final position before starting firing, the swinging end of the arm 34 is brought

page_text: to rest on support 32" of the frame, and the lower end of the cam groove in the
breech block resting upon projection 33 of the arm makes, in connection with
the shoulders 38 and 38", a rigid backing for the breech-bolt; the shoulder 32" of
the breech bolt is brought into engagement with shoulder 38 of the frame by the
action of the cam slot 32 and the lever 34. After the discharge of the gun the
cartridge, shell is withdrawn from the barrel by the extractor 25 as the bolt is
withdrawn, and as the bolt reaches the rear end of the breech-opening or nearly so,
the cartridge is engaged on the side by ejector 41, and as the extractor further
retreats a short leverage is obtained on the rear end of the cartridge between the
extractor hook and the ejector which throws the cartridge out of the breech
opening. As the lever 36 is operated to open the breech of the gun, the first
operation of the breech bolt is a downward one at its rear end, which movement
causes the cam face 39 thereon to engage against fixed pin 40 in the frame, by
means of which a powerful leverage is obtained to start the cartridge. The down-
ward movement of the rear end of the breech bolt also disengages shoulders 38
and 38ª. As the lever 36 is operated to draw the breech bolt, its first operation on
the firing pin is to draw it slightly back with reference to the breech bolt which is
effected by the projection 60 thereof becoming engaged on the cam face 57 of the
firing pin, which cam face is slightly in advance of the rear cam face of groove 32,
as before explained. When the firing pin has been drawn back so that the cam
groove of the breech bolt and the cam face of the firing pin coincide with the pin
and travels with the breech bolt until the breech boit is again advanced, when it is
caught by the projection on the seer as before stated, and the gun is left cocked.
In case no cartridge is introduced into the breech opening before the breech bolt is
advanced, the first cartridge in the magazine next to the breech opening will be in
the position shown in Fig. 16, in which case the edge of the head of the cartridge
projects slightly into the path of the breech bolt in closing and it is caught by the
end of the advancing breech bolt as it passes over shoulder of the retainer, the
cartridge is advanced to the position shown in Fig. 17 when it becomes disengaged
from the holder projection 31 and is raised by the next succeeding cartridge in the
magazine or the cartridge advancer, into a position in front of the breech bolt, and
as the breech bolt advances, the cartridge is forced up the incline 22 and into the
barrel of the gun. If it is desired to close the breech leaving cartridges in the
magazine, without loading the gun, it is only necessary to press the retainer
slightly to one side by hand, when the retainer presses back all the cartridges in
the magazine slightly, and the bolt will pass by the upper cartridge without forcing
it from the magazine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I do declare that what I
claim is :-
1: In a gun, the frame, the longitudinally moving bolt, the abuttment in the
frame in front of which the bolt swings in a sectoral plane in locking and unlocking,
and a cam surface on the bolt acting against a fixed abuttment in the frame to retire
the bolt slightly during its sectoral movement in unlocking, all combined substantially
as described.
2: The frame, the bolt having a longitudinal movement therein and swinging to
locked position from a center of movement at its front, a cam surface on said bolt,
and an abuttment in the frame against which the cam surface acts, and a lever con-
nected to the frame and operating on the bolt to swing and retire the same, in com-
bination, substantially as described.
3: The bolt having an inclined surface, the frame having an abuttment against
which the rear of the bolt swings in an arc struck from the front of the bolt in
locking, and a second abuttment against which the inclined surface bears in
unlocking, and means for swinging and reciprocating the bolt, all combined sub-
stantially as described.
4: The reciprocating bolt, the frame having an abuttment against which the rear

page_text: of the bolt swings in locking, and a second abuttment against which the side of the
bolt rests at the completion of its swinging movement and means for operating said
bolt, all in combination.
5: The reciprocating bolt, having a bottom extension at its rear, the frame
having an abuttment at its top against which the rear of the bolt swings in locking
and an abuttment below the bolt against which the bottom of the bolt extension
rests when locked, and the operating lever hung in the frame and connected to the
extension of the bolt, all in combination, substantially as described.
6: The reciprocating bolt having a rear extension and a cam face in said
extension, the firing pin carried by said bolt and also having a rear extension with a
cam face of a different inclination, and the operating lever having projections
engaging the cams on the firing pin and bolt, to retire the firing, pin slightly in
advance of the bolt movement, all combined substantially as described.
7: The frame and the reciprocating bolt therein, the lever pivoted to the frame
and having a curved arm thereon projecting upward and forward concentric with
the lever pivot, the said breech block having a cam surface operatively engaged by
said curved arm of the lever, and an abuttment in the frame against which said
arm rests when the lever is in closed position, all combined substantially as
described.
8: The frame and reciprocating bolt therein, the lever pivoted to the frame and
having an arm with operative engagement with the reciprocating bolt, and a solid
abuttment against which the forward portion of the lever arm comes to rest when
the bolt is in closed position, in combination, substantially as described.
9: The frame and reciprocating bolt therein, the lever pivoted to the frame and
having a curved arm concentric with its pivot and extending forward into operative
engagement with the bolt, and an abuttment in the frame against which the front
end of the curved arm bears when the bolt is closed, all combined substantially as
described.
10: In a gun, the magazine having a curved wall as described, a cartridge follower
hung to a central core in the magazine, and projections from said core extending
between the cartridges, in combination.
11 In a gun, the magazine having a curved wall and a cartridge advancing core,
the follower connected to said core, a coiled spring connected to said follower and
means for adjusting the tension of the spring, in combination.
12: In a gun, the magazine having a curved wall, the cartridge advancing core
having projections extending between the cartridges and a spring operating on the
core to rotate the same, in combination, substantially as described.
:
13 In a gun, the magazine having curved wall, the central shaft in said magazine
and the core rotating thereon, and the coiled spring interposed between said shaft
and core, all in combination.
14: In a gun, the magazine having curved walls substantially as described, the
cartridge advancing core greater in diameter towards the front than towards the
rear, and means for rotating said core, all combined substantially as described.
15 In a gun, the magazine having curved walls, the cartridge advancing core
and a shaft on which said core rotates, a coiled spring having its opposite ends con-
nected to the shaft and core, and means for securing said shaft in adjusted position,
all in combination.
16: In a gun, the magazine having curved walls, the cartridge advancing core
and the cartridge retainer pivoted in the frame below the center thereof and having
a detent for the cartridges, in combination, substantially as described.
17: In a gun, the magazine having curved walls, the cartrige advancing core,
having a wing or follower inclined with reference to the axis thereof, and means for
rotating said core, all in combination.
18: The magazine having curved wall and a follower the retainer pivoted below
the bolt and having a holder or detent extending over the upper cartridge, and an
arın on said retainer above said detent, and in the path of movement of the breech
piece, all in combination substantially as described,

page_text: 19: The magazine having curved wall and spring-actuated follower, the retainer
pivoted in the frame and having a detent extending over the rear end only of the
cartridge, and a cam surface on the retainer in position to be engaged by the breech
piece in closing, all substantially as described.
20: In a gun, the magazine with circular wall, the retainer pivoted low in the
frame and having a detent extending over the rear of the cartridges below the bolt,
and an arm projecting alongside of and nearly parallel with the bolt, the parts in
combination, substantially as described.
21 The magazine having a follower, the movable retainer near the mouth
thereof having a detent for the cartridges in the magazine, and an arm in position
to be pressed back by a cartridge in the receiver in loading position, whereby the
cartridges in the magazine are slightly retired, all combined, substantially as
described.
22: The method of pressing back the cartridges in the magazine so that the gun
may be used as a single loader which consists in forcing the retainer back by the
insertion of a cartridge in the receiver, and by the retainer slightly retiring the
cartridges in the magazine.
23: The combination with the magazine having a follower therein, of the movable
retainer having a detent projecting over the rear end of the cartridges, an arm
extending about parallel with the bolt, and means for bearing said retainer toward
the bolt, all substantially as described.
24 The frame having curved magazine walls substantially as described, the
cartridge advancing core within said walls, the projection of the frame overhanging
.one side of the magazine and serving as a loading floor and as a stop for the cartridge-
advancing core when fully retracted, all substantially as stated.
25 The frame having the magazine with curved walls and the projecting floor
overhanging one side thereof and having recesses therein, and the cartridge-advancing
core having projections to extend between the cartridges and to move through said
recesses, all combined, substantially as described.
26: The combination with the magazine and reciprocating bolt, of the movable
retainer at the mouth of the magazine and the shell ejector thereon, substantially
as described.
27 The combination with the bolt, of the extractor extending lengthwise
thereof and having a sleeve at its rear, and the firing pin passing through said sleeve,
substantially as described.
28 In a gun, a magazine holding cartridges sidewise in substantially the arc of
a circle, in combination with a follower hung to a pivot which pivot is the axis of
said circle, said follower having projections to extend between the cartridges,
substantially as described.
29 In a gun having a reciprocating breech bolt operated by a lever, of a
magazine holding cartridges sidewise in substantially the arc of a circle, and a
follower pivoted in substantially the axis of the circle, as set forth.
30: In a gun having a reciprocating breech bolt operated by a lever, of a
magazine holding cartridges side by side and means for retreating the cartridges in
the magazine whereby the gun may be used as a single loader when cartridges are
in the magazine, combined for the purposes stated.
31 In a gun, the concentric lever arm having a recess or cut away surface, and
the trigger heel in close proximity to the inner curve of the arm during a portion
of its movement, as set forth.
32 In a lever gun having a concentric arm with a recess or cut away portion,
and a trigger heel moving on the concentric arm and adapted to move in the recess
or cut away portion of the lever, combined as set forth.
33 The combination with the frame and reciprocating breech piece, of a lever
having its fulcrum connected to the frame, and an arm projecting from said lever,
from a point at the rear of the fulcrum, and extending upward and forward into
engagement with the breech piece substantially as described.
34: In combination with the frame and breech piece the lever pivoted to the

page_text: frame and having an arm concentric with the pivot projecting through a slot in the
frame and, connected to the breech piece to operate the same, substantially as
described.
35 The combination with the sliding breech bolt of a lever mounted to swing
beneath the frame and formed to constitute a portion of the trigger guard, and with
a segmental arm that extends forward from a point to the rear of the trigger guard
portion of the lever to a point in advance of the pivoted support of the lever, such
support constituting a portion of the trigger guard and connections between the
arm and the bolt, substantially as described.
36 The frame, the reciprocating bolt having a plate extending to the rear
thereof and provided with a cam bearing, and the lever hung in the frame and
having a projection engaging said cam bearing to actuate the bolt, in combination
substantially as described.
37 The combination with a sliding breech bolt provided with plates which
extend to the rear and downward from the bolt and are formed with segmental slots
of a lever, an arm, which is rigidly connected to the lever and extends between the
bolt plates, the arm being segmental and substantially concentric with the axis of
the lever support, and a pin carried by the arm and riding in the plate slots,
substantially as described.
38: The frame and reciprocating bolt therein, the magazine opening at its side
toward the bolt, and having a follower therein, and a cartridge retainer at the
mouth of said magazine having a cam face with which the bolt engages in its
forward movement to press back the retainer, all combined, substantially as
described.
39: In a magazine fire arm, the combination with the frame formed with a
magazine chamber of a spring-actuated cartridge-advancing leaf or flange located
therein, a spring pressed retaining leaf and a tongue connected to said retaining
leaf, substantially as described.
40: In a gun, the frame, having a magazine chamber consisting of curved walls
around a central axis, a cartridge follower, a spring pressed retaining leaf at the
mouth of the magazine having a cam face with which the bolt engages, and the
reciprocating breech bolt, all in combination, substantially as described.
41: In a breech loading fire arm, the combination with the breech block or bolt
of an extractor carried thereby, and a fixed flange or rib constituting a combined
guide and ejector, mounted beneath the bolt and riding in a slot formed therein,
substantially as described.
42 In a magazine fire arm, the combination with a frame formed with a
magazine chamber of a spring actuated cartridge follower mounted to move about
the axis of the magazine chamber and a number carrying flange mounted to move
with the cartridge follower, substantially as described.
43: The frame, the breech bolt reciprocating therein and having a side projection
with a cam face, the firing pin, having also a projection with a cam face of different
contour, and the operating lever having projections engaging said cam face so as to
retire the pin in advance of the retiring of the bolt, all combined substantially as
described.
44: In a fire arm, a magazine having a curved wall and a spring actuated
cartridge advancing core, having a leaf with an inclined face inclining in the
direction of the muzzle, substantially as set forth.
45: In a fire arm, a magazine having a curved wall in cross section and a partially
rotated, spring actuated cartridge advancing core having a flange with numerals on
the edge or face of the flange, substantially as set forth.
46: In a fire arm, a magazine within the frame, a partially rotated cartridge
advancing core having a portion provided with numerals on the periphery, an
opening in the wall of the magazine to expose the numerals, substantially as
described.
47 In a gun, a magazine holding cartridges sidewise in substantially the arc of
R

page_text: a circle, in combination with a follower hung to a pivot which pivot is the axis of
said circle, said follower having a leaf at an angle to the axis of the follower,
substantially as described.
Dated this 12th day of December 1892.
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent.