IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR MOULDING OR PRESSING GLASS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, DAN RYLANDS, of Hope Glass Works Barnsley, Yorkshire, Glass Bottle Manų-
facturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS
FOR MOULDING OR PRESSING GLASS to be as follows:―
My invention refers more particularly to the moulding or pressing pieces of glass
of a special or extra thickness or weight. In carrying out this invention the glass
may either be run direct from the furnace into the mould or it may be laded out
of the furnace; and in either case it may be pressed into the special shape of
article which it is desired to manufacture. Or the glass may be run or laded
into a box somewhat similar to the box used by ironfounders in their trade of
making iron castings. In the latter case I use a specially prepared sand containing
an admixture of several classes of material best adapted to receive the liquid glass
and to cool it off in the most gradual manner possible. Amongst this admixture
I introduce a suitable kind of oil so as to more thoroughly toughen the glass.
The steps necessary for preparing the sand box for receiving the molten glass will
be somewhat analogous to those adopted by ironfounders in preparing for mould-
ing iron castings. These boxes when properly prepared for receiving the molten
glass may be placed on a kind of tramway laid along the front of the furnace,
and so arranged that the box can be brought into such a position that the molten
glass from the furnace can be run direct into the casting boxes. In arranging the
furnace for supplying the molten glass to these boxes or moulds I form at a suitable
height from the bottom of the furnace (in the fire brick blocks which constitute
the sides of the tank) one or more holes through which the molten glass from the
furnace can run out into the moulds or boxes. In order to better ensure the glass
flowing clearly and freely into the moulds or boxes, I form a sort of lip on the
outside of the hole in the fire brick block so that the glass will fall direct into
the mould or box. I also arrange on the outside of any block through which a
hole is formed (for allowing the outflow of molten glass) suitable girders or supports
for carrying an iron or steel screw attachment whereby a suitable plug made of
fire brick or any other refractory material may be screwed up to the hole whenever
it is desired to stop the outflow of the molten glass. I also arrange for the appli-
cation of a suitable blow flame to the hole through which the glass flows so that
whenever the flow of glass is checked and the glass solidifies a requisite heat may

page_text: be applied to again cause it to flow. Another plan which under certain circum-
stances it may be found best to adopt is the employment of a syphon pipe formed
of any kind of suitable refractory material and so arranged that the flow of hot
metal can be started or stopped on the usual principle of working syphon pipes.
It would of course be necessary to keep the portion of the syphon pipe which is
on the outer side of the furnace at a good heat and this I do either by means of
gas or in any other suitable way. After the glass has been run into the mould and
the mould passed clear of the furnace, the hole in the mould through which the
glass is run is covered with a specially prepared material so as to ensure the equable
cooling of the glass. The mould containing the glass is then run to one side to
allow the glass to cool. If it should be necessary to add any more sand on the top
of the mould to ensure the glass cooling more regularly this is then done. In
some classes of articles where special toughness is required I run the mould
containing the glass article straight into an annealing arch and in such cases
I arrange a tramway along which the moulds are run so that the moulds can be
sent forward into the annealing kiln along the tramway. Another plan which
according to my present invention may be adopted is to either run or lade the
molten glass into an iron mould of the requisite shape for forming the glass article
required, and to then run this iron mould under a stand containing a suitable
appliance for compressing the glass thoroughly into the iron mould and this iron
mould is then passed along the tramway into the annealing arch where the glass
article is gradually cooled off. It will be well understood that lading the metal
from the furnace instead of running the metal through the blocks or syphon pipes
may where preferred be adopted and also that ladles may be used in combination
with the said hole or syphon pipe where such plan is preferred to running the glass
direct into the mould or box from the hole or syphon pipe.

page_text: Improvements in Means for Moulding or Pressing Glass.
I, DAN RYLANDS, of Hope Glass Works, Barnsley, Yorkshire, Glass Bottle
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MEANS FOR MOULDING OR PRESSING GLASS and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
manner,
My invention refers more particularly to the moulding or pressing pieces of glass
of a special or extra thickness or weight. In carrying out this invention, the
molten glass is either run direct from the furnace into the mould or may be laded
out of the furnace; and in either case it may be pressed into the special shape of
the article it is desired to manufacture. Or the molten glass may be run or laded
into loam moulds similar to those used for iron and steel castings. In the latter
case specially prepared loam is used containing several kinds of material best
adapted to retain the liquid glass and to conduct the heat therefrom in a gradual
but such specially prepared loam forms no part of my present invention.
The sand moulds are prepared in ordinary iron casting boxes which may be
placed on trucks and moved along a tramway which runs by the side or front of
the furnace; by this means the moulds can be placed in a suitable position so
that the molten glass from the furnace can run direct into them. One or more
holes are formed in the fire-brick blocks (which constitute the sides of the furnace)
through which the molten glass runs from the furnace and into the moulds placed
as before-described beneath the said holes. The holes so formed have lips formed
on the outside thereof which extend from the side of the furnace and so conduct
the molten glass direct into the mould placed beneath.
On the outside of the furnace and immediately opposite the holes formed through
the fire-brick blocks I arrange by means of supports a screw attachment whereby
suitable plugs, made of fire-brick or other refractory material, may be screwed up
to the holes when it is desired to stop the flow of molten glass. A blow flame
may be applied to the holes through which the molten glass passes so that when-
ever the glass is checked or solidifies, a requisite heat may be applied to again
cause it to flow.
.
In some cases I prefer to employ a syphon, which is formed of any kind of
suitable refractory material and so arranged that the flow of molten glass can be
started or stopped at any suitable time. The portion of the syphon which is
on the outerside of the furnace is kept at a necessary degree of temperature by
means of a suitably arranged gas jet or in any other way. After the glass has
been run into the mould and the mould taken away from the furnace, the hole in
the mould through which the molten glass has been poured is covered with a
specially prepared material so as to cause the equable cooling of the molten glass
but as already stated this specially prepared material forms no part of my present
invention. After the molten glass has been thus placed in the mould, the mould
with the article therein is run to one side and there left to cool. If the mould cools

page_text: Referring to Fig. 1, A is a sectional elevation of portion of furnace, b is the hole
for the molten glass to flow through, c is the lip formed on the fire-brick block d.
The support e carries the screw attachment f and refractory plug g. The mould h
is in position for receiving molten glass from the furnace A.
Referring to Fig. 2, A is a section of part of furnace, is the syphon made of
suitable refractory material, is a lever by means of which the flow of hot metal
can be started or stopped at any desired time. The portion of the syphon i is
kept at the necessary degree of temperature by means of the flame from the
furnace playing through the hole j and about the spaces kk. The mould h is
shown under the syphon i; when in this position the lever l is moved and the
mould receives the necessary quantity of molten glass. The mould is then
run under the pressing machine M where the molten glass is thoroughly compressed
into the mould h by the pressing plate or plunger n. After this the mould h with
the compressed article therein is run onto the truck O, where it has the hot cover
plate p placed on it; or the mould may be turned over and the compressed glass
article placed on the truck O, in which case the truck O has a layer of sand or
specially prepared material placed on the top thereof for the articles to rest on.
After the truck O has been filled with the moulds h having compressed glass
articles therein, or when the truck has been filled with the moulded pieces of glass
emptied out of the moulds, the door q of the annealing arch Q is opened and the
truck O is placed or run into said annealing arch. This annealing arch is preferrably
worked on the same principle as that described in Rylands & Potter's Patent
Specification No. 4018 of 1883.
The mould h in Fig. 2 (with the upper side open for the application of the presser
or plunger) may also be similar to the mould h in Fig. 1 (with a hole only left for
the reception of the molten glass from the syphon pipe); and after the mould has
received the molten glass through the syphon i, the mould can either be run under
the pressing machine M or run direct into the annealing arch Qor the mould and
metal may be cooled without the aid of the annealing arch Q and without being
pressed by the pressing machine M.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The arrangement in combination with a hole or holes in the fire-brick blocks
in the side of furnaces, of a lip or lips extending outward from the furnace side
for, the purpose of conveying the molten glass into moulds prepared for making
moulded or pressed pieces of glass.
2. Conveying molten glass for making moulded or pressed pieces of glass from
the furnace into prepared moulds by means of a syphon of suitable refractory
material.
3. The arrangement in combination with the above-named syphon and tapping
hole and lip, of a tramway and trucks for conveying the moulds for the reception
of the molten glass to and from such syphon or tapping hole, and for conveying
the moulds when filled with molten glass to and from the pressing machine and
annealing arch.
4. In combination with the tapping hole in the furnace side, the use of a plug
with the supports and screw attachment or any suitable mechanical equivalent for
stopping the flow of molten glass by forcing the plug into the tapping hole.
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