IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PROTECTION OF COXORITE AND 18 ViaNRDY PANTAYRI MITHUANIA PROVISIONAL SP
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Edward Carey, of Newhaven, in the County of
Sussex, Civil Engineer, and Ernest Latham, of Birkenhead, in the County of
Chester, Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OR PROTECTION OF COXORITE AND 18 ViaNRDY PANTAYRI MITHUANIA
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Edward Carey at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th April 1881.
ALFRED EDWARD CAREY, of Newhaven, in the County of Sussex, Civil Engineer,
and ERNEST LATHAM, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester, Engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE AND
MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN,"
IN
The object of our Invention is to produce properly mixed concrete (continuously
if necessary) in large quantities in a short space of time, and to do so by machinery
acting automatically, that is to say, after supplying the necessary materials, as
stones, sand, and cement or lime to the machinery, each of the said materials is
measured, and the whole mixed together and delivered as concrete by the said
machinery itself.
The materials are first mixed dry, and afterwards further mixed with the
addition of water, so that there is a double mixing under our Invention.
The importance of being able to produce large quantities of well. mixed soft
concrete can scarcely be overestimated where breakwaters, foundations, and other
large structures are required.
Machinery is constructed under our Invention substantially as follows:-Meters
or measuring boxes are fitted or provided with hinged or sliding doors and are
fitted on or arranged to move with turntables or slides, or have turntables or slides,
or archimedian screws or other appliances are similarly used, and are charged or fed
with the raw materials and deliver or deposit these materials with certainty and
in the required proportions in or onto a mixing pan or table for dry mixing.
The said mixing pan or table is stationary, capable of being rotated or arranged
to move intermittently, and movable or stationary mixing arms or slides are
provided.

page_text: From the said mixing pan or table the materials are delivered in a dry state to
one or more rotating inclined cylinders or other suitable mixers, where they are
agitated, damped with water to the desired extent, and therefrom delivered well
mixed and ready for immediate use.
A useful modification when a portable machine is required, or where inclined
tramroads to supply the raw materials cannot be conveniently constructed, consists
of dredger elevators with buckets and other appliances which measure the quantities
of raw material and deliver them in the required proportions to an intermediate
chamber from whence they pass by gravity into the mixing cylinder or chambers.
Working appliances under our Invention consist of two furntables divided into
compartments for measuring and having hinged bottoms, into one of which turn-
tables stones are shovelled or féd, sand being shovelled or fed to the other. The
dry cement or lime is added by an archimedian screw working in a tube or trough
or by a shoot or otherwise. The materials are well mixed on the pan or table, and
then delivered through shoots or otherwise to rotating cylinders or mixers, where
water is added. Reciprocating slides measuring and moving the materials may be
similarly used.
The turntables or slides project the materials over a mixing pan or table, and
deliver the contents of each compartment onto it by gravity.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Alfred Edward Carey in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th October 1881.*
ALFRED EDWARD CAREY, of Newhaven, in the County of Sussex, Civil Engineer,
and ERNEST LATHAM, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester; Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE AND IN
MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN."
'
The object of our Invention is to produce properly mixed concrete in large
quantities in a short space of time, and to do so by machinery acting automatically,
that is to say, after supplying the usual materials, as stones, sand, and cement, or
lime to the machinery, each of the said materials is measured, and the whole mixed
together and delivered as concrete by the said machinery itself.
The materials are first mixed dry and afterwards further mixed with the addition
of water, so that there is a double mixing under our Invention.
The importance of being able to produce large quantities of well mixed soft
concrete can scarcely be overestimated where breakwaters, foundations, and other
structures, mainly subaqueous structures, are required, also when retaining walls or
heavy walling in concrete has to be done.
Machinery is constructed under our Invention substantially as follows:-Hopper
or measuring boxes for each of the materials to be used in the manufacture are
fitted or provided with hinged or sliding doors, and are fixed on or arranged to
move with turntables or slides, or have turntables or slides, or archimedean screws,
or dredger buckets, or other appliances capable of delivering the materials with
certainty in the required quantities onto a mixing pan or table.
The said mixing pan or table is stationary, capable of being rotated or arranged
to move intermittently, and movable or stationary mixing arms or slides are
provided.
From the said mixing pan or table the materials are delivered in a dry state to
one or more rotating inclined cylinders or other suitable mixers, where they are
agitated, damped with water to the desired extent, and therefrom delivered" well
mixed and ready for immediate use.
Working appliances under our Invention consist of three hoppers or ways, one
for stones, one for sand, and one for cement. Beneath each of the hoppers
containing stones and sand a turntable divided into compartments for measuring
having hinged bottoms is fitted. Reciprocating slides measuring and moving the
material from beneath fixed hoppers or ways may be used.
The turntables or slides project the materials over a mixing pan or table and
deliver the contents of each compartment, onto it by means of cams, catches, or
other suitable mechanism which open the doors forming the bottoms of the said
compartments at the desired times. The dry cement is added by an archimedean
screw or its equivalent.
The materials are well mixed on the pan or table, and delivered through shoots
to rotating cylinders or mixers where the water is added.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Sheet I. Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan view of machinery
for mixing concrete, which we prefer. The materials are here first mixed dry
and afterwards further mixed with the addition of water, so that there is a double
mixing.
1, driving gear receiving motion from a steam engine or other suitable motor;
23 measuring turn tables divided into compartments by the division nieces 4 and

page_text: receiving rotary motion from the gear 1. Sand is deposited in the compartments
of 2, and stones in the compartments of 3, through ways 5; 6 are hinged doors
forming the bottoms of the compartments of the turn tables 2, 3. The said hinged
doors are held closed by rollers 7 (see Fig. 3), which rest on circular lines 8, beneath
the said turn tables; when the filled compartments are over the mixing table 9 the
hinged doors fall, as shown in Fig. 4, Sheet II., and allow the contents to drop on
the said mixing table 9; 10 is an archimedean screw which receives motion
through the gear 1. The said screw conveys cement from the hopper 11 and
deposits it on the said mixing table 9. The mixing table 9 is stationary, and the
materials thereon are dry mixed by means of the arms 12, which receive rotary
motion from the gear 1. "The mixed materials are carried round on the table 9 by
means of the arms 12, and fall down the shoots 13 into the rotary cylindrical
mixers 14. Water enters the cylindrical, mixers 14 at the top ends, and the concrete
issues therefrom at the lower ends ready for use. The turntables and mixing table
are of wood or metal. The wet mixing cylinders 14 are preferably of iron.. The
materials are fed to the measuring boxes by hand, elevating apparatus, wagons, or
otherwise, as desired.
Sheet II. Figure 5 is a sectional elevation, and Fig. 6 a plan view of a
modification of apparatus in which the dry mixing table is dispensed with; 15, 16,
11, are lioppers, through which stones, sand, and cement are respectively fed to the
measuring turn table 2. The said turn table is provided with three rings of com-
partments 17, 18, 19, into which the stones, sand, and cement respectively enter.
The filled compartments discharge themselves into a shoot. 20 by means of hinged
bottoms fi, as explained in connection with Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4. Water is supplied
through the pipe 21, and the materials are finally mixed in the rotating cylinder 14;
1 driving gear. The finished concrete is shown as being delivered to a barge 22.
A series of mixers may be used.
Sheet III. Figs. 7 and 8 are sectional elevations at right angles to each other;
and Fig. 9, a plan view of concrete manufacturing machinery in which reciprocating
plunger measuring boxes 23, 24, 25 deliver the stones, sand, and cement respectively
alternately to two shoots 20 and two cylindrical mixers 14.
.Sheet IV. Fig. 10 is a sectional 'elevation, and Fig. 11 a plan view of concrete
manufacturing machinery in which the measuring of the stones and sand is
performed by two bucket elevators 26, and that of the cement by the archimedean
screw 10. The said bucket and screw elevators deliver the materials direct through
the shoot or hopper 20 into the rotary cylindrical mixer 14.
In all these views like letters denote the same parts.
Having now described and particularized the said Invention in such manner
that others will be enabled to carry the same into effect, we claim,-
First. The manufacture or production of concrete, substantially in the manner
set forth.
Second. The machinery for the manufacture or production of concrete constructed
to receive, mix, and deliver, substantially as set forth.
"
In witness whereof. I. the said Alfred Edward Carey, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty second day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
In the presence of me
FREDERICK G. CAREY,
77, Chancery Lane,
Barrister.
ALFRED EDWARD CAREY. (..s.)