IMPROVEMENTS IN GUN AND PISTOL BARRELS AND IN CANNONS, AND IN FURNACES FOR THE SAME
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Faulkner and David Faulkner, both of
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Gun Barrel Makers, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GUN AND PISTOL BARRELS AND IN CANNONS,
AND IN FURNACES FOR THE SAME."
Sealed the 5th January 1858, and dated the 7th July 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Faulkner and
David Faulkner at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 7th July 1857.
We, CHARLES FAULKNER and DAVID FAULKNER, both of Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Gun Barrel Makers, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GUN AND PISTOL BARRELS AND IN
CANNONS, AND IN FURNACES FOR THE SAME," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to the manufacture of twisted gun and pistol barrels
and cannons; and consists, in the first place, in rolling the coil of twisted iron
through grooved rolls on a mandril, the head or front part of which is enlarge:l
so as to compress or force together the joints of the coil as the coil is forced
over it by the action of the rolls.
Our Invention consists, in the second place, in welding such barrels by means
of a tilt hammer or other hammer, having inserted in it either a flat face
combined with or arranged so as to act upon an anvil with a V die contained
in it, or a A (inverted V) die combined with or arranged so as to act upon the
same.
And our Invention consists, lastly, in adapting and applying to the furnace
used in the manufacture of such barrels a closed chamber or recess opposite to

page_text: the holes through which the iron to be heated is introduced, so as to admit
of that portion of the iron which passes into it remaining cool, or not subject
to the action of the heat of the furnace, by means of which only the required
portion of the iron is heated.
This furnace may also be adapted for the partial heating of twisted or
wrought-iron cannons.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Faulkner and David Faulkner in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 5th January 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHARLES
FAULKNER and DAVID FAULKNER, both of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Gun Barrel Makers, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord Ono
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of our reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Charles Faulkner and David Faulkner, Her special license that we, the said
Charles Faulkner and David Faulkner, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Charles Faulkner and David Faulkner,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GUN AND PISTOL BARRELS
AND IN CANNONS, AND IN FURNACES FOR THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Charles Faulkner and David Faulkner, by an instru-
ment in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one
of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Charles Faulkner and David Faulkner,
do hereby declaro the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement (that is to say):-
Our Invention of "Improvements in Gun and Pistol Barrels and in

page_text: Cannons, and in Furnaces for the same," relates to the manufacture of twisted
gun and pistol barrels and cannons; and consists, in the first place, in rolling
the coil of twisted iron through grooved rolls on a mandril, the head or front
part of which is enlarged so as to compress or force together the joints of the
coil, as the coil is forced over it by the action of the rolls.
Our Invention consists, in the second place, in welding such barrels by means
of a tilt hammer or other hammer, having inserted in it either a flat face
combined with or arranged so as to act upon an anvil with a V die contained
in it, or a A (inverted V) die combined with or arranged so as to act
upon the same.
And our Invention consists, lastly, in adapting and applying to the furnace
used in the manufacture of such barrels a closed chamber or recess opposite to
cach hole through which the iron to be heated is introduced, so as to admit of
that portion of the iron which passes into it remaining cool, or not subject to
the action of the heat of the furnace, by means of which only the required
portion of the iron is heated. This furnace may also be adapted for the partial
heating of twisted or wrought-iron cannons.
In order, however, that our Invention may be fully understood, we will
proceed to describe the mode of carrying it into effect pursued by us.
We form the coil by twisting a band or strip of metal in the usual manner,
which we heat to a welding heat, about nine inches at a heat, and slightly close
the joinings of the twists or spirals on an anvil in the usual manner, until the
whole length of the barrel is partially welded; or we can, if we prefer it, heat
the whole length of the barrel at one heating. We then raise the coil again
to a welding heat, and submit it to a process of cross rolling by means of a
horizontal plate worked to and fro over a stationary plate on which the coil is
placed; by this means the preparatory welding of the barrel is effected. Wo
again raise the barrel to a welding heat, and insert therein the mandril, with
an enlarged head or front part similar to the mandril heretofore used in forming
the "skelp" in the manufacture of boiler tubes. The end of the barrel with
the mandril is then placed between a pair of rolls having grooves of the shape
required, when the continued action of the rolls causes the barrel to be drawn
over the enlarged part of the stationary mandril, and thereby to completo both
the internal and external welding of the barrel by the pressure of the mandril
internally and that of the rolls externally. The barrel is then again submitted
to the process of cross rolling in the manner before described.
In some cases, instead of completing the welding of the barrel by means of
rolls, as above described, it may be desirable to employ hammers of any

page_text: ordinary description with the operating face and the anvil of the forms above
described.
The furnace used for welding these twisted barrels and cannons is one of
well-known construction, but with a cold-air chamber of either brick or metal,
of any required length, placed at right angles to the flue or heating chamber,
opposite to each opening for the introduction of the barrel to be heated. The
barrel intended to be heated is inserted through the ordinary opening, and
when required it may be advanced far enough to carry a portion of it beyond
the heating chamber into the cold-air chamber.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, we would have it understood that we claim,-
First, the welding of twisted gun and pistol barrels by drawing them in a
partially welded state through grooved rolls over the enlarged head or front
part of a stationary mandril, as described.
Secondly, the welding of twisted gun and pistol barrels by means of hammers
with the operating face and the anvil respectively of the forms described.
And, lastly, the use of furnaces for heating twisted gun and pistol barrels or
cannons, constructed with a cold-air chamber or chambers for the purpose of
receiving that portion of the barrel not requiring to be heated, as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Charles Faulkner and David Faulkner,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, the Twenty-eighth day of
December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-seven.
Witness,
CHARLES COCKAYNE,
13, Easy Row, Birmingham,
Accountant.
CHARLES FAULKNER. (L.S.)
DAVID FAULKNER.
(L.S.)