IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED OR OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Paget at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
December 1855.
I, ARTHUR PAGET, of Loughborough, in the County of Leicester, Manufac-
turer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED OR OTHER FABRICS"
to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists, firstly, in machinery or apparatus for making
cylindrical web, in which the inclines, cams, or other mechanical equivalents
which actuate the needles, sinkers, and presser are made to revolve.
Secondly, in the employment of a ring-presser, the inner periphery of which
rolls on the outer periphery of the needles.
Thirdly, in machinery or apparatus for winding or rolling up the web or

page_text: other work, in which a lever and weight impart, torsion to the axis of the roll
varying with the varying diameter of the roll of web.
Fourthly, in the employment of a ring to prevent the accidental movement
of the sinkers or their equivalents.
Fifthly, in the application of conical bearings to keep the revolving parts
concentric with the stationary parts of the machine.
Sixthly, driving the machine-by-an-endless belt or band, -the-slackening of
which suspends the motion of the machine.
Seventhly, in the application of a stop motion, whereby an obstruction or
breakage of the thread stops the machine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Arthur Paget in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th June 1856.
TO ALL TO. WHOM THESE PRESENTS. SHALL COME, I, ARTHUR.
PAGET, of Loughborough, in the County of Leicester, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her. most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Arthur Paget, Her special licence that I, the said Arthur Paget,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Arthur Paget, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and, lawfully. might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the 'Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED OR OTHER FABRICS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Arthur Paget, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and 'cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Royal Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arthur Paget, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
This Invention may be clearly understood by aid of the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings, and reference to the letters thereon. Fig. 1 is a front elevation ;:
Fig. 2. is a vertical section, and Figs. 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, are detached views
of my improvements in machinery or apparatus for the manufacture of looped
or other fabrics. A is a stationary basement plate secured in any convenient
manner to the bench, or other support for the frame, and has in its upper
surface the circular vee groove B. The middle of the stationary basement
plate A is bored to receive the cylinder C, and its lower face is recessed to
receive the ring nut D. The lower end of the cylinder C has a screw thread
cut on it, on to which the ring nut D is screwed to adjust it vertically, and
hold it in position. The cylinder C is prevented from revolving by the pin E,
which fits in a slot or opening in the stationary basement plate A. The upper
end of the cylinder C is bell-mouthed to facilitate the passage of the work
downwards. On the outside of the cylinder C is fastened the ring F, (shewp
detached at Fig. 7), in the outer periphery of which are a number of grooves
parallel to the axis of the frame, and equidistant from each other, in each of
which slides a needle, bit G, to which is attached a needle H. The outer
periphery of the upper end of the cylinder C, (shewn detached at Fig. 10.)
has in it a similar number of grooves to that in the ring F, and in these
grooves slide the needles parallel to the axis of the frame, or nearly so. The
conical ring I is, attached to the outer periphery of the cylinder C at its upper
end, and has in its upper surface a number of radial grooves corresponding to
the number of needles, and in each radial groove slides a sinker bit J, each of
which, when slided forward towards their common centre, enters between two
needles. (This is shewn detached at Fig. 6.) The conical ring I is recessed
on its upper surface to receive the. ring-presser K, the recess being large
enough to allow the ring-presser K to move horizontally. The inner peri-
phery of the ring-presser K encircles the cylinder of needles, and is larger
than the cylinder of needles to allow of the horizontal movement of the ring-
presser K, which is above referred to, and herein-after particularly described.
L is a revolving case, having at its lower end the conical bearing M, fitting the
circular vee groove B; in the side of the revolving case L, is a door Z, to
give access to the internal machinery. To the inner surface of the revolving
case L are attached the two needle cams N. and O, (shewn detached at

page_text: Fig. 5). The needle cams N and O at each revolution impart, by means
of the projection P on the needle-bit G, an upward and downward move-
ment successively and in rotation to each needle. The upper part of the
inner surface of the revolving case L is made conical, to receive the conical
ring I, from which the revolving case L takes its bearing. The vertical
adjustment of the conical ring I is effected by means of the ring-nut D, at the
lower end of the cylinder C, to which the conical ring I is secured, and by its
adjustment of the conical bearings the revolving parts of the machine are kept
concentric with the stationary parts. To the upper surface of the revolving
case L, are attached the two sinker cams Q and R, which at each revolution
impart to each sinker bit successively, by means of the projection S, a move-
ment towards and from their common centre. To the upper surface of the
revolving case L is also attached the tubular thread layer T, slightly in advance
of the sinker cams Q and R, so as to lay the thread in the ordinary manner.
There are also fixed to the upper surface of the revolving case L, two presser
guides U and V, shewn detached at Fig. 8, the inner cranked ends of which,
by revolving in contact with the outer periphery of the ring-presser K, impart
to it a horizontal eccentric movement, causing its inner periphery to roll on the
outer periphery of the needles, and thus press the beards at that portion of
the circle where it is required. The ring W, (shewn detached at Fig. 6,) lies
on the upper surface of the conical ring I, having a segment removed to admit
the sinker cam R, which carries the ring W round with it; this ring W
prevents any accidental movement of the sinker bits, but can be easily
removed to give access to them. The revolving case L has outside it the
toothed wheel X, gearing into and driven by the pinion Y, keyed on the shaft
Z, which passes through the bearing a, and at its lower end revolves in
the footstep 6, near to which, on the shaft Z, is keyed the pulley c; the
footstep b, (shewn detached at Fig. 3,) slides in a groove in the shoe d. (shewn
detached at Fig. 3,) which supports another shaft e, on which is keyed the
pulley f, (also shewn detached at Fig. 3,) driven by the endless belt g, (also
shewn detached at Fig. 3). To the footstep 6 is attached the rod h, connected
at its other end to the lever i, which has a fulcrum at j, and a handle at k.
The endless belt g passes between the two pullies c and f, and if the handle k
be pulled from the frame, it will cause the pulley c to approach the pulley f,
and tighten the endless-belt g between the two pullies. The endless belt g
will then cause the pulley c. to revolve. If, on the other hand, the handle k be
pushed towards the frame, it will cause the pulley c to recede from the pulley f,
and thereby slacken the endless belt 7, and suspend the motion of the machine.

page_text: To make cylindrical web, a piece of web is run on the needles in the ordinary
manner, and pushed downwards through the cylinder C, passed by the guide
rod l, and attached to the roller m, on which the web as it is made is to be
wound or rolled up by the apparatus herein-after described. The
yarn is then
5 threaded through the guide n, situated over the central axis of the frame, and
also threaded through the tubular thread layer T, and is then attached to one
of the needles in advance of the sinker cams Q and R, in such a manner that
when the sinker bit next to the needle to which the yarn has been attached is
advanced by the sinker cam Q towards the common centre of the sinker bits,
O the nib of the sinker bit will push the yarn between two adjacent needles, or,
as it is ordinarily termed, "gain the new loop." If rotatory motion be im-
parted to the frame in the manner herein-before described, the loop will first
be gained, and then the needle cam O will draw the needle downwards until
the point of the beard has passed over the new loop. The needle cam O will
continue to draw the needle downwards, and bring the beard to the ring-
presser K, which will be pressed against the beard by the two presser guides
U and V. The sinker cam S will then draw back the sinker bit, leaving the
new loop safe under the beard at the head of the needle. The needle cam O
will still continue to draw downwards the needle, and the point of the beard
being pressed into the eye by the ring-presser K, will enter the old loop of the
web, run on, or, as it is ordinarily termed, "land the work." The needle cam O
will still continue to draw downwards the needle, whose head will enter its
groove in the cylinder C, drawing with it the new loop through the old loop of
the web, run on, or, as it is ordinarily termed, "knock over the work." The
needle cam N will now lift upwards the needle, and the ring-presser K will
have retired from the needle, leaving the beard untouched as it passes upwards.
The needle cam N will continue to lift upwards the needle, the stem of which
will pass through the newly-made loop until the needle has regained its former
position, leaving the newly-made loop lying against the upper ledge of the
cylinder C. During each revolution of the revolving case L, each sinker bit
and each needle will successively and in rotation operate on the yarn in the
manner herein-before described, making a new loop to each needle, or, as it is
ordinarily termed, a new "course" at each revolution.
My improved apparatus for winding or rolling up web or other fabric is
shewn as applied to my improved frame in Figs. 1 and 2, and a detached view
of the same is shewn at Fig. 4; o, o, is the framing, having bearings at p, p,
for the roller m, to which is attached the web or other fabric to be wound or
rolled up; on the end of the roller m is secured the ratchet wheel 9, into the

page_text: teeth, of which takes the retaining catch r, working on a stud s, attached to
the framing o. The retaining, catch r is pressed into the teeth of the ratchet
wheel q, by the balance weight t, so as to. retain the ratchet wheel q. in posi-
tion; u is.an, actuating catch also. taking into. the teeth of the ratchet wheel q;
it is attached by. the stud v to the short arm of the lever w, which has for its
fulcrum, the axis of the roller m, on which it works freely. The long arm of
the lever w has parallel sides, to allow the sliding piece x to move freely along
it; and, to the under side of the.sliding piece is suspended the weight y. To
the sliding piece is also secured the horizontal rod z, which is kept in contact
with the periphery of the roll of. web A¹, by the tendency of the sliding piece x
to slide downwards on the lever w. B' is a shaft deriving motion from the
vertical shaft e, by means of the bevilled wheels C¹ and D', secured to the
shaft B', and revolving with it is the cam or eccentric E', which, as it revolves,
raises the long arm of the lever, which is afterwards depressed by the action
of the weight y; the short arm being lifted up raises the actuating catch u,
which pushes round the ratchet wheel q, thereby imparting torsion to the
axis of the roll of web, A'. As the roll of web A', or other fabric increases in
diameter, it thrusts the weight y-along the lever w, further from the fulcrum,
so that the leverage of the weight y, and consequent torsion of the roll of
web A', or other, fabric, are increased in proportion to the increasing diameter
of the roll. The guide rod is placed across the central axis, and below the
frame, to flatten the cylinder of web, and guide it to the roller m.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention for improvements in machinery or apparatus for the manufacture
of looped or other fabrics, and in what manner the same may be performed,
I do not confine myself to the precise details herein described, as there may be
many modifications and variations of them without departing from the prin-
ciple thereof; but I claim, as herein described, firstly, the arrangement of
machinery or apparatus for making cylindrical web, in which the inclines, cams
or other mechanical equivalents, which actuate the needles, sinkers, or presser
are made to revolve.
Secondly, the employment of a ring-presser, the inner periphery of which
rolls on the outer periphery of the needles.
Thirdly, the application of conical bearings to, keep the revolving parts o
the machine concentric with the stationary parts.
Fourthly, the arrangement of apparatus for driving the machine by an
endless belt or band,, the slackening of which suspends the motion of the
machine.

page_text: Fifthly, the employment, either in connection with or separate from my
other improvements, of apparatus for winding or rolling up web or other
fabric, in which a weight sliding along a lever imparts torsion to the axis of
the roll of web or other fabric, such torsion increasing with the increasing
diameter of the roll.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Paget, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of June, One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-six
ARTHUR PAGET. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered, by the within-named
Arthur Paget, in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.