IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES OR HEATING APPARATUSES BURNING A MIXTURE OF GAS AND AIR OR OTHER FUEL
Year: 1879

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PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st February 1879. A communication
from abroad by Benjamin Richard, of Paris, France.
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, London, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES OR HEATING
APPARATUSES BURNING A MIXTURE OF GAS AND AIR OR OTHER FUEL." A com-
munication from abroad by Benjamin Richard, of Paris, France.
This Invention relates to an improved hygienic prismatic stove or heating apparatus
heated by a mixture of air and gas, without escape pipe, with boilerre turn of
concentrated heat, moveable fire-place, and safety cock indicating consumption of
gas.
This stove or heating apparatus has for object to produce the greatest amount of
heating power from a given quantity of gas, of preserving the air in the heated
space wholesome, breathable, without mixture of smoke, unpleasant smell, or vapor;
the pernicious carbonic acid is overcome by the particular arrangement of the
apparatus, and consequently cannot injure metals as do gas stoves unprovided with
escape.pipes,
To fulfil the first of these conditions a cylindrical form is given to the inside of
the apparatus, and a grooved triangular prismatic form to its exterior, to commu-
nicate by conductibility the caloric which radiates from its surfaces.
:
The central part of the stove, properly so called, is provided with three concentric
tubes or cylinders, the central tube forming a reservoir with boiler of particular
shape (containing a certain quantity of water) placed in the upper part of the
apparatus, by which it gives to the apparatus a somewhat considerable degree of
heat (about twelve hours after the fire has been extinguished). The annular part
is an arrangement permitting air to be drawn from the apartment into the appa-
ratus, where it becomes heated by contact with its sides without mixing with the
products of combustion, and at the same time heats the central tube, the lower part
of the boiler, which serves, for the generation of heat; it is provided at its base
with an outlet cock. The upper part is arranged to receive two steam pipes, which
descend into the combustion chamber or air receiver, to inject into it alternately a
Dine G1
:

page_text: and oxygen provides a combustible element and an active burning power, which re-
constitutes the respirability of the air, that is to say, makes it again wholesome to
breathe by a part of the oxygen-not-utilized. The foot or stand of the stove is
provided at its base with a closed bottom, in which slides the drawer or moveable
burner holder. Three tubes fixed at the base of the annular pipe descend into the
interior of the stand, upon the base of which they rest (with slanting or beveled
ends), and where they draw in the outer air by four air holes made for this purpose
in the side of the stand..
The physical effect therefore takes place in the stand or pedestal and the com-
bustion chamber; in fact the burner being introduced (alight) it draws in by
dilatation the ambient air necessary for combustion. The air passing by the air
holes in the sides of the stand above the burner partly heats by contact with it, is
drawn along by the divisionary or separating pipes, which cause an active draught,
passes round the boiler, and escapes at the upper part of the apparatus. The burner
in dividing the air fed through the air holes of the stand forces it by the power of
the caloric to pass into the first compartment, and thence into the combustion
chamber or air receiver. The base of this compartment is so arranged that it is
regularly supplied with the requisite quantity of air (in thin currents or threads) in
order to await in the upper part of the chamber as rapid and close an admixture as
possible of hydrogen and carbon.
In order that the useful effect may be produced the chamber or air receiver is
arranged so that the caloric develops or spreads within it, and exerts its action upon
the bodies submitted to the heat; and to obtain the maximum useful effect from
the caloric this space is very much restricted so that the caloric may be retained
in it as long as possible before, mixing with the steam, which dissolves and liquifies,
so to say, the carbonic acid in the excess of steam which condenses with this
vapour.
The quantity of steam regulates itself according to the degree of heat of the
apparatus.
'
As it issues from the chamber or air receiver the caloric descends by the grooves
or flutings to unite in the space between the flutings or heat receiver, which spreads
or gives it into space.
The boiler may be provided or not with several steam pipes. The number of
divisionary or separating tubes which draw air into the stand may also vary.
The place occupied by the boiler properly so called may be utilized as an oven,
plate warmer, or for any other purpose, the apparatus working equally well without
water.
This improved heating apparatus will be found very useful for hot houses and
conservatories, with air saturated with humidity (so useful to plants). By its special
arrangements it may be applied to the heating of large establishments, and in fact
for all kinds of domestic and manufacturing purposes.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawing forming part of this Provisional Specifi
cation Figure 1 is an elevation of a stove or heating apparatus embodying. this
Invention; and Figure 2, a vertical section of same.
A, indicating the drawer or moveable fire place; B, B, B, the conduits or flues
for admission of cold air; C, C, cylinder or compartment bringing the hot air from
the fireplace into the chamber D, D; D, D, cylindrical chamber forming air receiver;
E, E, grooves or corrugations for circulation of hot air drawn from the cylinder C, C;
F, F, space between the flutings, receiving the caloric, which escapes by the openings
G, G; G, G, escape holes; H, H, dividing or separating pipes passing from the base
of the apparatus along the sides of the stand I, I, and joining to the annular
cylinder K, K, which passes through the entire length of the stove carrying the hot
air; I, I, stand or drum; K, K, annular in-draught cylinder; J, J, boiler; L, L,
pipes of the apparatus; M, funnel for introduction of water; N, hot water cock;

page_text: O, safety socket or tube in lieu of cock; P, moveable cover or top of apparatus ;
P, P, drawer or sliding fireplace of apparatus; P, P, P, door for lighting or firing.
This improved construction of heating apparatus may be used for the circulation
of smoke in smoke consuming stoves; for chimneys and for all heating apparatuses,
whether heated by wood, gas, coal, charcoal, coke, petroleum, spirits of wine, or
other combustible.