IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Haseltine, of the "International Patent
Office," 100, Fleet Street, in the City of London, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS."-A communication from abroad by Sidney
Sweet, of Dansville, State of New York, United States of America..
Sealed the 4th November 1862, and dated the 16th May 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Haseltine at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
May 1862.
1, GEORGE HASELTINE, of the "International Patent Office," 100, Fleet
Street, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS," a communication to me from abroad
by Sidney Sweet, of Dansville, State of New York, United States of America,
to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to a novel construction of the "dasher" or
plunger, and to a peculiar mode of operating the same.
The body of the churn is made of any desirable material, form, and
size. The "dasher" is constructed of wood of any form suited to the body of
the churn in which it is to be used. It consists of an upright bar or standard,
attached at its lower end to a main horizontal bar, to each end of which a
transverse horizontal bar is fixed at right angles to said main bar. On the
under and inner side of the transverse bars, each side of the main bar, and
extending to the said main bar shoulders are cut. These shoulders receive and

page_text: arrest the upward movement of the wings or "dasher" boards herein-after
described. These wings are perforated to admit the passage of milk or cream,
and are attached to the transverse bars by means of projections formed on
their ends and at the sides next the main bar, which extend into holes bored
in the transverse bars. These projections keep the "dasher" boards in posi-
tion, and perform the office of hinges, allowing the dasher boards or wings to
swing down as the "dasher" is raised up, until they are arrested by a levelled
block at an inclination of about forty-five degrees. This block is fixed to the
main bar, the bevelled ends extending beyond the said bar and over the
"dasher" boards. The "dasher" is operated by means of a lever or handle,
attached to and resting upon the upright bar or standard. The end opposite
to that at which the power is applied is fixed to a post outside the body of the
churn, the lower end of said post resting on a cleat fastened near the bottom of
said body and diverging therefrom, being kept firm in its position by means of
a brace running out from the churn.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Haseltine in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th November 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
HASELTINE, of the "International Patent Office," 100, Fleet Street, in the
City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
George Haseltine, Her special licence, that I, the said George Haseltine, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George
Haseltine, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS,"
a communication from Sidney Sweet, of Dansville, State of New York, United
States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
George Haseltine, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly

page_text: describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Haseltine, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings and letters
marked thereon, forming a part of this Specification:-
These improvements relate to a novel construction of the "dasher " or
plunger," and to a peculiar mode of operating the same.
The body of the churn is made of any desirable material, form, and size.
The "dasher" is constructed of wood, of any form suited to the body of the
churn in which it is to be used. It consists of an upright bar or standard,
attached at its lower end to a main horizontal bar, to each end of which a
transverse horizontal bar is fixed at right angles to said main bar. On the
under and inner sides of the transverse bars each side of the main bar shoulders
are cut. These shoulders receive and arrest the upward movement of the
wings or "dashers" herein-after described. These wings or "dashers" are
perforated to admit the passage of the milk or cream, and are attached by
means of projections formed on the ends and at the sides next the main bar
which extends into holes bored in the transverse bars. These projections keep
the "dasher" boards in position and perform the office of hinges, allowing the
"dasher" boards or wings to swing down as the "dasher" is raised up, until
they are arrested by a bevelled block at an inclination of about forty-five
degrees. This block is fixed to the main bar, the bevelled ends extending
beyond the said bar and over the "dasher" boards. The "dasher" is
operated by means of a lever or handle, attached to and resting upon the
upright bar or standard. The end opposite to that at which the power is
applied is fixed to a post outside the body of the churn, the lower end of said
post resting on a cleat fastened near the bottom of said body and diverging
therefrom, being kept firm in its position by means of a brace running out
from the churn.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a perspective view, showing the side broken out for the purpose
of revealing the interior of the churn; Figure 2 is a bottom plane view,
showing the construction of the "dasher"; A is the body of the churn, to

page_text: by the pin at C. The handle of the "dasber," or upright bar D, is supplied
with a series of holes for the purpose of allowing the adjustment of the lever
B to the desired elevation or depression, which is regulated by the quantity of
cream to be acted upon. The following is the construction of the dasher or
plunger, which is attached to the lower end of the bar D:-The attachment is
made to a main horizontal cross bar E, with a horizontal cross bar F attached
to each end, arranged transversely, and containing rabbits or recesses for the
reception of the wings G and H, for the purpose of arresting them as they are
raised to a horizontal by the cream at the downward stroke of the "dasher."
The stop I is attached to the bottom of the cross bar, with ends projecting
under the wings G and H, serving as a rest for the same, and allowing them
to descend to a suitable angle for effecting the complete washing of the butter
from the same when gathering. The wings G and I are hinged at J by
H
wooden journals, forming part of the wings, and extending into the cross bars
F. Through the wings G and H are the perforations L, through which the
milk or cream is forced as the dasher or plunger is brought down by the lever
B. Arranged between and contiguous to the perforations L are cells or
counter-sinks K for the purpose of containing air, which (as the same is forced
out by the agitation of the cream) is combined with the stream as it passes up
through the perforations L. The "dasher" is designed to fit the area of the
churn, only allowing space to operate freely, the sides of the churn being
perpendicular and parallel. Thus the combined cream and air are forced into
a most complete contact, rendering the mechanical action perfect.
Having fully described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
what I claim is a churn constructed and operated substantially as herein set
forth.
In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth
day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-tive
GEORGE HASELTINE. (L.S.)