IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO TIP VANS OR WAGGONS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ephraim Burton of White Swan Wharf, Nine Elms,
for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO TIP VANS OR
WAGGONS
"
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ephraim Burton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd February 1883.
EPHRAIM BURTON, of White Swan Wharf, Nine Elms, "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
RELATING TO TIP VANS OR WAGGONS
"
My Invention consists in improvements in and relating to tip vans or waggons
which are chiefly designed for use in the removal of dust, street refure, and the
like or any other material. According to the said invention I so construct such
vans or waggons that their contents may be readily discharged or dumped without
necessitating the use of gearing or complicated mechanism requiring more than
ordinary intelligence on the part of the driver or attendant and I simplify the
means for retaining the tipping body of the said van or waggon in place and
permitting the contents thereof to be tipped or dumped as more fully hereinafter
described.
•
In carrying the said invention into practice I secure upon each of the two longi-
tudinal side pieces of the horizontal under or main frame of the van or waggon a
bracket or bearing of any suitable construction. These bearings are adapted to
support a bar, shaft, or rod which extends transversely from one side of the said
van or waggon to the other. This bar, shaft or rod serves as the pivot for the
tilting body of the van or waggon and the aforesaid bearings are arranged in such
a position upon the under frame that there is no necessity for the axle of the rear
wheels of the vehicle to be cranked or bent in order to permit the proper descent of the
van-body between the rear ends of the longitudinal side bars when it is desired to
discharge its contents. To provide a further support for the pivot of the tilting
body of the van or waggon arrange upon the under frame between the aforesaid
bearings ou the longitudinal side pieces and preferably at the centre of the said
under frame (transversely) an additional bearing which serves to properly support
the said pivot at that point and thus prevent any derangement of the parts.

page_text: In order to secure the tilting body to the under frame of the vehicle in its proper
position for loading I in some cases fix upon each of the aforesaid longitudinal side
bars of the under frame and at the front of the vehicle a hook with which a bar
pivoted at or near its centre to the said tilting body is adapted to engage. This
bar is provided at its ends with suitable handles or so shaped as to permit it to be
readily moved by the van-driver or attendant and is retained in engagement with
the said hooks preferably by means of a flat spring whose force or tension has to
be overcome in order to allow the body of the van to be tilted and the contents
thereof discharged or dumped. I prefer to make the tail-board of the said van or
waggon in two parts each of the said parts being hinged to the side supports of the
body of the vehicle so as to open outwards from the centre of such body. To
retain these two parts of the tail-board in a closed position I prefer to arrange
upon the same two sliding bolts or catches adapted to engage with suitable sockets
or eyes on or in the bottom of the tilting body and in addition to the said bolts or
catches I provide a bar which extends transversely across the rear of the said parts
of the tail-board and engages with hooks on the side frame of the body of the
vehicle-This bar is prevented from accidental displacement by means of a suitably
arranged swinging piece whose lower extremity when the said piece is in its normal
position prevents the said bar from rising.
From
In order to cover up the contents of the body of the van or waggon when either
loaded or partially loaded or filled and thus prevent the scattering of the contents
by the wind or otherwise I in some cases secure upon the front end of the body
of the said vehicle and upon one of the two halves of the tail-board a suitable
bracket or support. These brackets or supports are adapted to sustain a longi-
tudinal bar or piece which extends centrally or nearly so above the tilting body.
To this bar or piece on each side I secure one edge of a piece of canvas or equivalent
material whose other edge is secured to a strip or piece of wood or other suitable
material adapted to be supported and secured upon the upper edge of the side of
the tilting body when it is desired to cover up the contents of the same.
the above description it will be readily understood that by the employment of
these pieces of canvas or equivalent material I am enabled to entirely cover up the
contents of the vehicle when desired. In order however to uncover either one or
both sides of the vehicle to enable dust or other refuse or material to be shot or
thrown therein I provide a series of pulleys upon the central bar and the side
strips so that the canvas or equivalent material may be drawn from the sides of
the vehicle body to the central bar or piece supported by brackets above the said
body as above described. When it is desired to discharge the contents of the
tilting body the aforesaid pieces of canvas or equivalent material are drawn up
into contact with the said central bar and removed with the same from its supports
or brackets. The canvas may if desired be secured to the said central bar by one
or more straps prior to the said bar being removed from its supports.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent and of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor filed by the said Ephraim Burton in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th September 1883.
EPHRAIM BURTON of White Swan Wharf Nine Elms
RELATING TO TIP VANS OR WAGGONS
"
•
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
My invention consists in improvements in and relating to tip vans or waggons
which are chiefly designed for use in the removal of dust, street refuse, and the
like, or any other material. According to the said invention I so construct such
vans or waggons that their contents may be readily discharged or dumped without
necessitating the use of gearing or complicated mechanism requiring more than
ordinary intelligence on the part of the driver or attendant. Moreover I simplify
the means for retaining the tipping body of the said van or waggon in place and
permitting the contents thereof to be tipped or dumped
•
The said invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which
Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved tip van or waggon a portion of
one of the rear wheels being broken away to enable certain parts behind the same
to be clearly seen and
Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the said tip van or waggon on the line xx
Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a transverse vertical section on the line y y Figure 1:
Like letters indicate the same parts throughout the drawing
In carrying the said invention into practice I secure upon each of the two
Jongitudinal side pieces a¹ of the horizontal under or main frame a of the van or
waggon a bracket or bearing b of any suitable construction. These bearings bare
adapted to support a bar, shaft, or rod c which extends transversely from one side
of the said van or waggon to the other as shewn in Figure 3. This bar shaft or
rod c serves as the pivot for the tilting body d of the van or waggon and the
aforesaid bearings bare arranged in such a position upon the under frame a
that there is no necessity for the axle e of the rear wheels f of the vehicle to be
cranked or bent in order to permit the proper descent of the van-body between the
rear ends of the longitudinal side bars a' when it is desired to discharge its contents
as will be understood by reference to Figure 1 wherein the said van-body is shewn
in dotted lines in its tilted position. To provide a further support for the pivot c
of the tilting body d I arrange upon the underframe a between the aforesaid
bearings b on the longitudinal side pieces a¹ and preferably near the centre of the
said underframe (transversely) an additional bearing g as shewn in Figures 2 and 3
which bearing serves to properly support the said pivot c at that point and thus
prevent any derangement of the parts.
In order to secure the tilting body d to the under frame a of the vehicle in its
proper position for loading I in some cases fix upon each of the longitudinal side
bars a¹ of the underframe and at the front of the vehicle a hook h with which a
bar i pivoted at or near its centre to the said tilting body is adapted to engage.
This bar is provided at its ends with suitable handles or is so shaped as to permit
it to be readily moved by the van driver or attendant and is retained in engagement
with the said hooks preferably by means of a flat spring i¹ whose force or tension
has to be overcome in order to allow the body of the van to be tilted and the
contents thereof discharged or dumped
I in some cases make the tail-board of the said van or waggon in two parts each
of the said parts being hinged to the-side supports of the body of the vehicle so
.

page_text: as to open outwards from the centre of such body and in order to retain these
two parts of the tail-board in a closed position I arrange upon the same two
sliding bolts or catches adapted to engage with suitable sockets or eyes on or in
the bottom of the tilting body and in addition to the said bolts or catches I provide a
bar which extends transversely across the rear of the said parts of the tail-board
and engages with hooks on the side frame of the body of the vehicle. This bar is
prevented from accidental displacement by means of a suitably arranged swinging
piece whose lower extremity when the said piece is in its normal position prevents
the said bar from rising. I may however in some cases employ a tail-board formed
in one piece and pivoted at its upper end to the tilting body d as shewn at j. In
this case I employ a pivoted bar or lever k adapted to engage with hooks k¹ on the
tilting body d for retaining the lower end of the said tail-board in a closed position
when the van-body is being filled and I provide upon the under frame of the
vehicle a cam piece which serves to automatically release the said bar k from the
hooks in the act of tilting the body of the vehicle and consequently release
the tail-board at its lower end so as to permit the discharge of the contents of the
van or waggon
In order to cover up the contents of the body of the van or waggon when
either loaded or partially loaded or filled and thus prevent the scattering of the
_contents by the wind or otherwise I in some cases secure upon the front end of
the said body of the vehicle and upon one of the two halves of the tail-board
or upon the tail-board formed in one piece as shewn a bracket or support 1.
These brackets or supports are adapted to sustain a longitudinal bar or piece m
which extends centrally or nearly so above the tilting body d. To this bar or
piece m I secure a piece n of canvas or equivalent material whose outer edges are
secured to strips or pieces n³ of wood or other suitable material adapted to be
supported against the upper part of the side of the tilting body and retained
thereon by straps o or otherwise when it is desired to cover up the contents of
the said body. From the above description it will be readily understood that by
the employment of such canvas or equivalent material I am enabled to entirely
cover up the contents of the vehicle when desired. In order however to uncover
either one or both sides of the vehicle to enable dust or other refuse or material to
be shot or thrown therein I in some cases provide a series of pulleys upon the
central bar and the side strips n' so that the canvas or equivalent material may
be drawn from the sides of the vehicle body to the central bar or piece supported
by brackets above the said body as above described. Or I may dispense with such
pulleys and permit the van or waggon to be filled at the desired side by simply
raising the canvas or equivalent material on that side and employing two or more
rods or supports p adapted to be supported in sockets on the van body and to
engage with suitable eyes on the strip or piece n¹ at the outer edge of the canvas
or other material. When it is desired to discharge the contents of the tilting
body the canvas or equivalent material is drawn up into contact with or folded
against the central bar m and removed with the same from its supports or brackets.
The canvas may if desired be secured to the said central bar by one or more straps
prior to the said bar being removed from its supports
Having thus fully described my said invention and the manner of performing
the same I wish it understood that I am aware that tip vans or waggons have
heretofore been constructed in which the tilting body has been hinged on its
underside between the side pieces of an under frame having its sides bent
outwards or cranked at a certain portion of their length so as to permit the body
of the van to pass between them when being tilted and in which the axle of
the bind wheel is cranked to permit the proper descent of the tilting body
and I therefore make no claim to any such arrangement but what I claim is
First. A tip van or waggon having its tilting body pivoted by a transverse
shaft or bar in bearings upon the side pieces of the under frame and if desired
in an additional bearing at or near the centre longitudinally of the said under frame

page_text: and having the axle of its hind wheels straight in contradistinction to being
cranked or bent substantially as herein set forth and shewn in the accompanying
drawing
Second. The combination with such tip van or waggon of the removable and
adjustable covering arranged and adapted to operate substantially as herein set
forth and for the purposes specified
In witness whereof I the said Ephraim Burton have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Sixth day of September in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty-three
TAHA YE
HRAIM BURTON (L.S.)