Improvements in Locking Devices for Doors and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1898-Accepted, 1st Oct., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locking Devices for Doors and the like.
I, CARL KUNZELMANN, of No. 3, Schulhausstrasse, Säckingen on the Rhine,
Germany, Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to locking devices for doors and the like, constructed so
that such locks cannot be opened by unauthorised persons. For this purpose the
lock is provided with a key having a movable pin passing obliquely through the bit,
and it is constructed with a safety device, subjected to spring pressure, and adapted
to be fixed in position, so as to secure the locking means arranged between the bolt
and the key in their positions when the device is locked. This safety device can be
moved from its locking position by means of the oblique pin which passes through
the bit of the key, in order to open the lock.
In order that this invention may be the better understood, I now proceed to
describe the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to
the letters and figures marked thereon. Like letters refer to like parts in the
various figures.
Figure 1 shows the lock with all its parts opened, i.e. with the bolt drawn back.
Figure 2 shows the lock with all its parts locked, i.e. with the bolt pushed
forwards.
Figure 3 shows the key, when its pin does not protrude.
Figures 4, 5, and 6 show a safety device for the bolt of the lock; Figure 4 being
a front view of the bolt and safety device, Figure 5 a rear-view there of and Figure 6
a sectional view on the line x x of Figure 4.
Figures 7 to 11 show the arrangement of the device for securing the levers or
plates Figure 7 being a front view of the parts when locked, Figure 8 a rear
view thereof; Figure 9 a view of the parts with the securing device disengaged,
Figure 10 a rear view of the same; and Figure 11 a side view thereof.
Figures 12 to 16 show an arrangement for closing and locking the key-hole;
Figure 12 being a view of the parts when the key-hole is closed, Figure 13 of the
parts when the key-hole is open, i.e. when the hole in the covering plate of the key-
hole corresponds with the latter, so that the key can be inserted. Figure 14 is a
vertical sectional view on the line y-y of Figure 13; Figure 15 is a detail view of
the key-hole covering plate; and Figure 16 a view of the key for this arrangement.
Figures 17 and 18 are enlarged sectional views of the key of my improved lock,
Figure 17 showing the pin in normal position, and Figure 18 when protruding over
the bit, Fig. 19 is a detail view of the catch locking device.
This locking device consists mainly of a lock having a bolt R and a catch F, a
key M for operating the bolt and catch and a key (i.e. for opening and closing the
lock L) by means of which the plate covering the key-hole when the bolt R is in its
forward position, can be moved so that the key-hole is uncovered for the insertion
of the key M.
The key M, Figures 3, 17 and 18 consists of two parts, a perforated handle M¹
and the hollow part M. It has an elastic pin m¹ bent obliquely at its lower
part, passing through the hollow part M² and guided in the bit m³. The upper

page_text: end of the pin m² engages in a central recess of a piston m sliding in the bore
of the handle M¹, its movement being limited by a pin mo screwed into the
handle M¹ and protruding into a slot of the piston m. A spiral spring m¹,
situated on the upper part of the pin m³, presses on one side against a collar m³
fixed to the upper end of the pin and guided in the recess of the piston m, and 5
on the other side against a small disc me resting on the rim of the upper end of
the piece M². The spring m has the tendency to maintain the pin m¹ and the
piston m in the raised positions, the lower end of the pin m¹ being entirely
within the bit, as shown in Figure 17. If the piston m, which is enlarged at the
upper end for convenient handling, is pressed downwards, the spring m is 1
compressed and the pin m³ moved downwards, so that the lower end of the
latter protrudes sideways from the bit, as shown in Figure 18.
pressure on the piston m ceases, the latter and the pin m¹ are moved into
the raised position by the expanding spring m4, Figure 18.
When the
A second, central pin n¹ is situated in the bore of the piece M², the upper end 1
of which engages in a piston n³ moving in the upper part of the bore of the
piece M². The piston n³ is connected by means of a pin n² with a ring n movable
on the outside of the part M2, a slot no being arranged for the pin n in the wall of
the piece M² The piston 3 has a bore through which passes the pin m¹. The
sides of the pins n¹ and m¹ which are toward each other are flattened for a certain
distance in order to pass each other with ease. The flat part of the ring n
protrudes into a corresponding annular recess m* on the lower end of the handle M¹,
so that when the ring n is in its raised position its collar butts against the lower
edge of the handle M¹. Near the lower end of the pin n¹ is provided a collar nº
surrounding the former and the pin m³, and serving as a bearing for a spiral
spring n, the upper end of which bears against the piston n³, and has the
tendency to keep the latter, the pin n¹ and the ring n in raised position, see
Figure 17.
When the ring n is moved downwards on the piece M², the spring n
is placed under compression and the pin n¹ is pushed forwards, Figure 18.
When the ring n is afterwards released, the spring n réturns the piston n³ the
pin n and the ring n into their normal positions.
The first of these pins m¹ provided in the key, which protrudes obliquely from
the bit, serves for the disengagement and engagement of a safety device, by means
of which the locking parts may be arrested in position and protected against
movement.
In the present construction this safety device is an angular lever a¹² which is
pivotted at the back of a plate p, and is arranged so that when the key is inserted,
the bit of the latter bears against the front of the former. The upper end a¹ of
this lever has a book a which, when the safety device is in the locking position,
engages in recesses 2 of the lever plates 2¹ &c., as shown in Figures 7 and 8. In the
present instance; the lock has four of these plates 21, 22, 23, which however are
only indicated in Figure 11, in the other figures only the upperinost plate 2¹ is shown,
for the sake of simplicity. The lever a¹, a² is under the pressure of a torsion
spring a³ resting against the upper end a¹ and against the hooked plate a and has
the tendency to hold the safety device in the locking position. A spring plate pl
fixed to the back of the plate, bears against the part a² of the lever; the part a²
has a projection at which rests against the edge p² of the plate p¹ when the safety
device is moved out, and thus keep the latter in this position, the spring a³ being in
tension (Figures 9 and 10). The plate has a slot p³ concentric to a pin b² which
latter serves in the usual manner for the guidance of the key. The slot p³ is
situated in the path of the key-bit and is within reach of the pin m' and ends
towards the ends of the part a² and the spring plate p¹. The edges of the slot make
the same angle with the plane of the plate, as the oblique pin m¹ makes with the
front surface of the key-bit, so that when the key is inserted, the pin m² can be
passed through the slot p³..
The disengagement of the safety device, or angular lever a¹, a² is effected in
such a manner that the part a² of the lever is moved upwards by the pin m¹ pressed

page_text: out from the key-bit and passed through the slot and the rotation of the key around
the pin 62; the hooked plate a leaving the recesses z of the plates 21, 22, 23, 24. This
rotation of the part a² is continued until the projection at is moved out from under
the plate p¹; the edge p² of the plate p¹ then catches under the projection at and
thus arrests the safety device in its disengaged position against the pressure of the
spring a³, Figure 9.
The engagement of the safety device or angular lever a¹, a² is effected by pressing
back the plate p¹ by means of the pin m¹ pressed out of the key-bit and through
the slot p³, the edge p² being moved away from the projection at, so that the hooked
plate a catches in the recesses z of the lever plates, and the angular lever engages
under the pressure of the spring a³ which is put in tension.
The pin m¹ serves also for the operation of a safety device for the bolt of the
lock, so as to render the movement of the bolt out of the locked position impossible,
(Figures 4 and 5). This device has a piece r¹ adapted to swing in a recess r of the
bolt, its rear side resting against a supporting plate q screwed to the back of the
bolt, and its eye hole rotating in a circular part of the recess 7. The piece has
a horn shaped projection 3 near its eye-hole 2 and a nearly vertical surface 75
below its front end or projection r. When the piece is in the position which
allows of the operation of the bolt by the key-bit, Figure 4, the surface 5 forms a
bearing for the key bit or step 5, (Figure 3,) thereof, which serves for the operation
of the bolt, the steps 1, 2, 3, and 4 Figure 3, of the key bit corresponding to the
plates 23. In this position the piece is held against improper rotation by
a torsion spring which is fixed to the plate q at the back of the bolt, its front
end engaging over a bevel 6 of the upper edge of the piece ¹. To the back of
the bolt is fixed a spring plate q², the lower end q³ of which rests on the supporting
plate q. The plate q2 is bent at the front to form a projection q which enters into
the recess r of the bolt and is in the path of the projection .
The projection q
serves as a rest for the bolt in its moved out locking position, because in this
position the nose 14 of the piece 71 enters behind the projection 94 of the plate q²,
which position is illustrated in Figure 2, and shown by dotted lines in Figure 4, the
piece is brought into this locking position, after the bolt has been moved by
further turning the key after locking so that the key bit strikes the projection +3
of the piece ri, which, if the key is suitably rotated enters into the desired locking
position, the spring 7 being put into tension and the projection catching behind
the projection q¹ of plate q2 which bends backwards. In this position the surface 75
is out of the reach of the key, therefore the pushing back of the bolt by the key is
impossible because the key bit turns in the recess of the bolt without effect. The
movement of the piece into the unlocking position rendering the operation of
the bolt possible is effected by the disengagement or pressing back of the spring
plate q², so that the projection q* is moved away from the projection; the piece l
moves afterwards under the pressure of the spring 7 into the position allowing of
the operation of the bolt. The plate q is pressed back by means of the pin 'm',
which acts on the lower end q3 of the spring plate through a hole q¹ in the supporting
plate g.
The key is turned so that the exit orifice of the pin m¹ in the key-bit is
placed over the hole q¹; the pin m¹ is then pressed out of the key-bit by the
depression of the piston m, and passing through the hole q¹ presses back the
plate q².
A further safety device is provided in connection with the bolt R, by which the
latter is secured against movement in either direction, i.e. against being pushed
Oback when locked or pushed forwards when unlocked. For the operation of this
safety device the pin n¹ is designed which is arranged centrally in the key. The
essential part of this safety device is a spring plate 6 fixed to the back plate B of
the lock. The forward part of the plate b is bent upwards and is situated in the
direction of movement of the bolt. The plate 6 has two holes 63 64 in which can
5 engage a pin shaped projection. The holes are arranged at such dstance apart
from one another, that when the bolt is pushed back and the lock is unlocked the
projection 7º enters into the hole 68 as shown in Figure 1, and when the lock is

page_text: locked and the bolt is in its forward position, the projection 70 is engaged by the
hole 64. In order to allow of the forward movement of the bolt, the plate 6 must
be pushed back so that the hole b3 or 6 in engagement with projection is set free.
For this purpose a movable pin is guided in the hollow pin 62 of the plate p,
the head of the pin 6' resting on the plate b. The plate bis pressed back by pressing
down the ring n and pushing forwards the pin n' which entering the bore of the
pin or guide 6² presses back the pin which presses back the front part of
the plate b, so that the projection on the bolt is set free and the movement of the
latter can take place.
The lock has also a device for covering and locking the keyhole, for which is
designed the key illustrated in Figure 16. This device consists mainly in a covering
plate c suspended from the rear side of the front plate C of the lock, which has
a hole c¹ corresponding with the key-hole. The plate c is subject to the pressure
of a spring c² fixed to the plate C with a normal tendency to place the plate c so that
it covers the key-hole. The plate c has a recess c* in which engages a pin 4 situated
on a disc pivotted in a hollow collar i¹ of the key pipe i and having a recess 22
corresponding to the key-hole C¹ in the plate C, into which fits the bit of the key L
Figure 16. On the plate c is also situated a projection c³, flattened at one side, and
designed, in connection with a pin 13 situated on the plate to arrest the plate e in
that position in which the opening cl of the plate cand the recess 2 in the disc 3
correspond with the key hole C₁ of the plate C. The plate c is brought into this
position by inserting the bit of the key L into the recess of the disc i³ and
turning it in the direction of the arrow, Figure 12, i.e. from the left to the right
when seen from the front, the pin it passing through a slot cº in the plate C, working
against an edge of the recess c¹ and swinging the plate c in the direction indicated
also by an arrow in Figure 12, until the pin has arrived at the lower end of
the recess c in which position the orifice c¹ is situated over the key-hole C¹ of the
plate C and the projection c³ has passed behind a projection of the pin ³. This
position of the parts is shown in Figures 12, 13, 14, the pin 13 being indicated by
dotted lines. The key is now turned back, i.e., the disc i3-is returned into its
original position, so that the recess 72 corresponds with the key hole C¹ and the
orifice c¹, the auxiliary key L can then be withdrawn and the main key M inserted.
When the projection 20 is disengaged from either 63 or 64, on locking or unlocking,
by depressing the plate bas herein before described, the catch c³ is simultaneously
disengaged from the pin 13 and the spring c² presses the plate c against the inserted
key M, the key being smaller than the key hole, causing the catches to move on to
the top end of the pin 3 until the key is withdrawn when the spring c² will cause
the catch c to move away from the pin 13 and the plate c' to swing round. Thus
by the movement of the bolt the plate c is always disengaged, so that the latter
when the key M has been withdrawn returns under the pressure of the spring into
the position Figure 12, in which the key hole C¹ is covered and locked. The catch F
is connected to the bolt by a suitably bent catch lever 3 pivotted to the back of the
bolt by means of a pin f, its upper end engaging in a recess f of the catch bar f
its lower end being provided with a small plate f serving as a rest for the key-bit.
The arrangement is so that when the bolt has been moved forwards, the lever f³
cannot move on account of the plate coming in contact with the lower edge of
the bolt R; by the return of the bolt it is placed in such a position that it can be
operated by the key so that the catch F is pushed back. In order, to be able to
arrest the catch F when the lock is unlocked, a safety device is provided which
consists of a lever e adapted to swing around a pin e² on the inner side of the lock,
its upper end e¹ being adapted to engage into a corresponding recess f¹ Figure 19
of the catch bar. The lever e is provided with an adjusting knob e³ outside the
lock.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st A locking device for doors and the like consisting of a bor having a movable

page_text: pin guided obliquely in the bit of the key and a safety device subjected to spring
pressure and adapted to be arrested when in position, which prevents the movement
of the intermediate securing devices between the bolt and the key when locked,
and which can be moved out of the locking position for the purpose of unlocking
the lock by means of the pin in the bit of the key.
2nd. In a locking device as claimed in Claim 1 a safety device for the bolt of the
lock by means of which its movement from the locking position is prevented;
consisting of a device, adapted to be arrested when in position, subjected to spring
pressure, and swinging in a recess of the bolt, which can be placed, for the purpose
of operating the bolt, so that the key bit when rotated to open the lock strikes the
device and thus effects a movement of the bolt; and which for preventing the
opening of the lock can be arranged so that the key does not strike it, and rotates
without operating the bolt; the arresting mechanism having a plate provided with
a projection, protruding into the path of the safety device, and behind which the
safety device can engage; the plate being fixed elastically to the back of the bolt
so that it can be pressed back by means of the pin in the bit of the key and its
projection can be moved away from the safety device, which is then brought by
spring pressure into position for opening the lock.
3rd. In a locking device as claimed in Claim 1 an arresting device for the bolt of
the lock, by means of which the latter is secured against movement in either
direction i.e. in the locked position against being pushed backwards, and in the
unlocked position against being pushed forwards; having a projection on the back
of the bolt and a spring plate behind the bolt with two holes, one of which can
catch the projection of the bolt in the locked position and the other in the unlocked
position; and a pin resting against the plate and moveable in the guide pin of the
lock, adapted to be pressed back, by a pin moving centrally in the bore of the key,
so that the holes of the plate set free the projection of the bolt.
4th. In a locking device as claimed in Claim 1 a device for closing and locking
the key hole having an oscillating plate suspended from the front plate of the lock
and subjected to spring pressure which has a hole corresponding to the keyhole and
connected with a mechanism by means of which the plate can be moved from the
position in which it covers the key hole into the position in which its opening
corresponds with the key hole.
5th. In a locking device as claimed in Claim 1 a safety device by means of which
the catch can be arrested in the locking position, having a device adjustable in the
lock which can engage in a corresponding recess of the catch bar and is adjustable
from outside.
101 1
T1
1000