AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBES OF COPPER AND ALLOYS OF COPPER
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Gibbins, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBES OF COPPER AND ALLOYS OF COPPER."
Sealed the 4th November 1879, and dated the 15th May 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Gibbins at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th May 1879.
JOHN GIBBINS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer.
"AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBES OF COPPER AND
ALLOYS OF COPPER."
My Invention relates to the manufacture of tubes of copper, brass, and other
alloys of copper from hollow cylinders of the metal or alloy cast in moulds on a
central metallic core; and my said Invention consists in the production of the said
castings by means of a vertical cylindrical mould having in its axis a metallic core
made preferably of iron or steel, the said core being taper or conical and fixed in
the axis of the mould with its smaller end downwards. As the casting made in
the said mould cools and contracts it sinks, the several parts passing to parts of the
core of slightly less diameter than those on which they were cast, thus leaving the
casting free from the core and preventing the longitudinal cracks which occur in
hollow cylinders of copper and alloys of copper cast upon solid metallic cores in
other ways.
The cylinder of copper or alloy of copper thus made is rolled at a red heat in
grooved rolls to the required size and thickness, either on a mandril or on a plug
fixed between the rolls, and is made into a finished tube by drawing on an ordinary
draw bench in the usual way, either on a plug or on a mandril, through a draw
plate or tube hole.
Tubes of copper and alloys of copper made according to my Invention are
produced in a simpler and more economical way than tubes made by the ordinary
method.
Instead of making the casting of a cylindrical figure externally it may be made
slightly conical. Or the casting may be oval in cross section inside and outside, or
either inside or outside.
"
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Gibbins in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th
November 1879.
"AN
JOHN GIBBINS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer.
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBES OF COPPER AND
ALLOYS OF COPPER."

page_text: alloys of copper from hollow cylinders of the metal or alloy cast in moulds on a
central metallic core; and my said Invention consists in the production of the said
castings by means of a vertical cylindrical mould having in its axis a metallic core
made preferably of iron or steel, the said core being taper or conical and fixed in
the axis of the mould with its smaller end downwards. As the casting made in a
mould of the kind described cools and contracts it sinks in the mould, the several
parts of the casting passing to parts of the core of slightly less diameter than
those on which they were cast, thus leaving the casting free from the core and
preventing the longitudinal cracks which occur in hollow cylinders of copper and
alloys of copper cast upon solid metallic cores in other ways.
I do not limit myself to the use of metallic cores having any particular amount
. tapering, but I have found that a metallic core having a taper of half an inch to
the foot answers well in practice.
The cylinder of copper or alloy of copper thus made is rolled at a red heat in
grooved rolls to the required size and thickness, either on a mandril or on a plug
fixed between the rolls, and is made into a finished tube by drawing on an ordinary
draw bench in the usual way, either on a plug or on a mandril, through a draw
plate or tube hole.
Instead of making the casting of a cylindrical figure externally it may be made
slightly conical. Or the casting may be oval in cross section inside and outside, or
either inside or outside.
Tubes of copper and alloys of copper made according to my Invention are
produced in a simpler and more economical way than tubes made by the ordinary
method.
The moulds and cores and appliances used in the manufacture of tubes of copper
and alloys of copper according to my Invention differ only in the respect or respects
herein before described from the moulds, cores, and appliances ordinarily employed
in the manufacture of tubes of copper and alloys of copper, and are made in a
similar manner, and I therefore do not consider it necessary further to describe the
same.
The casting process in making tubes of copper and alloys of copper according to
my Invention is conducted in the same way as in the ordinary manufacture of
tubes of copper and alloys of copper.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my Invention
of "An Improvement or Improvements in the Manufacture of Tubes of Copper and
Alloys of Copper,"
Making the cast hollow cylinders of copper and alloys of copper, which, by
drawing or rolling, or by drawing and rolling, are made into tubes by the use of
moulds having metallic cores of a slightly tapering or conical figure, the said cores
being supported in the axes of the moulds with the ends of smaller diameter
downwards, substantially as and for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Gibbins, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Thirty first day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
JOHN GIBBINS. (L.S.)