IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TWISTING OR DOUBLING YARNS OR THREADS OF WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Josiah Berry and Joseph Brooke Turner, of Hud-
dersfield, in the County of York, Manufacturers, and Charles Vickerman,
of the same Place, Manager, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TWISTING OR DOUBLING YARNS OR THREADS OF
WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 17th May 1867, and dated the 22nd November 1866.
.PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Josiah Berry, Joseph
Brooke Turner, and Charles Vickerman at the Office of the Commis-
sioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 22nd November 1866.
We, JOSIAH BERRY- and JOSEPH BROOKE TURNER, of Huddersfield, in the
County: of York, Manufacturers, and CHARLES VICKERMAN, of the same Place,
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TWISTING OR DOUBLING YARNS OR
THREADS OF WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
.This Invention relates to means of producing that class of twisted or doubled
yarn known as "French twist," which is produced by twisting or winding
one thread of any desired colour around another thread or threads of a
different colour, and not in a regular manner or at equal distances apart of

page_text: the spinal coils, but varying or variable in the spaces betwixt the said coils
for certain lengths of the yarn and then repeated. In some instances two or
more coils of the thread are laid one upon another, and in other cases the
coils are caused to cross each other at intervals. By this peculiar mode or
method of combining or twisting together two or more different colours of
threads or yarns various effects may be produced in textile fabrics composed
thereof.
Our means or apparatus for producing this kind of yarn consists of a tappet
or cam plate applied to the driving shaft of the front drawing rollers in any
ordinary spinning or twisting machinery, whether employed for spinning or
twisting woollen, worsted, or other fibrous substances; also of a rail or
bar suitably supported in front of the said drawing rollers, and having a guide
eye at or near to each spindle of the said spinning or twisting machine; this
rail is capable of lateral, reciprocatory, or oscillatory motion, or of being
moved to and fro in front of the said rollers by the action of the tappet or
cam upon a lever attached to or in connection with the said guide rail, and
this movement may be either continuous or intermittent, according to the
peculiar form of tappet or cam employed for giving motion thereto. The cam
plate is constructed so that various forms of cams may be employed, any of
which may be readily secured or fixed thereon and exchanged for others as
required. The yarn or threads to be twisted or wound upon the other or
ordinary yarn as it is being spun or twisted is supplied from bobbins placed on
an additional creel board provided for the purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Josiah Berry, Joseph Brooke Turner, and Charles Vickerman
in the Great. Seal Patent Office on the 21st May 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSIAH
BERRY and JOSEPH BROOKE TURNER, of Huddersfield, in the County of York,
Manufacturers, and CHARLES VICKERMAN, of the same Place, Manager, send
greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Josiah Berry, Joseph Brooke Turner, and Charles Vickerman, Her
special licence that we, the said Josiah Berry, Joseph Brooke Turner, and

page_text: Charles Vickerman, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Josiah Berry, Joseph Brooke Turner, and Charles Vickerman,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make; use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR TWISTING OR DOUBLING YARNS OR THREADS OF WOOL OR OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
Josiah Berry, Joseph Brooke Turner, and Charles Vickerman, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of
our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Josiah Berry, Joseph Brooke Turner,
and Charles Vickerman, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying Sheets
of Drawings (that is to say) :-
of
This Invention relates to means of producing that class of twisted or
doubled yarn known as " French twist" or." Bontonne twist," or dotted and
spotted or speckled yarn, which is produced by twisting or winding one thread
any desired colour around another thread or threads of a different colour;
and not in a regular manuer or at equal distances apart of, the spiral coils, but
varying or variable in the spaces betwixt the said coils for certain lengths of
the yarn and then repeated. In some instances two or more coils of the
thread are laid one upon the other, and in other cases the coils are caused to
cross each other at intervals. By this peculiar.mode or method of combining
or twisting together two or more different colours of threads or yarns various
effects may be produced in textile fabrics composed thereof.
Our means or apparatus for producing this kind of yarn consists of a tappet
or cam plate applied to the drawing shaft of the front drawing rollers in any
ordinary spinning or twisting machinery, whether employed for spinning or
twisting woollen, worsted, cotton, or other fibrous substances; also of a rail or
bar suitably supported in front of or beneath the said drawing-rollers, and
having a guide eye at or near to each spindle of the said spinning or twisting
machine. The rail is capable of lateral reciprocatory or oscillatory motion, or

page_text: of being moved to and fro in front of or beneath the said rollers by the action
of the, tappet or cam upon a lever or levers attached to the shaft and in
,connection with the said guide eye rail, and this movement may be either
continuous or intermittent according to the peculiar form of tappet or cam
employed for giving motion thereto, and which continuous or intermittent
motion, of the guide eye is always working upon or in connection with the
.continuously moving thread in any ordinary spinning or twisting machine, such
.guide eye carrying the thread or yarn to be twisted or wound round or upon
the ordinary yarn as it is being spun or twisted. The yarn or thread to be
twisted or wound upon the other or ordinary yarn as it is being spun or twisted
is supplied, from bobbins or cops placed on any additional creel board provided
for the nurnose
of being moved to and fro in front of or beneath the said rollers by the action
of the, tappet or cam upon a lever or levers attached to the shaft and in
connection with the said guide eye rail, and this movement may be either
continuous or intermittent according to the peculiar form of tappet or cam
employed for giving motion thereto, and which continuous or intermittent
motion, of the guide eye is always working upon or in connection with the
.continuously moving thread in any ordinary spinning or twisting machine, such
.guide eye carrying the thread or yarn to be twisted or wound round or upon
the ordinary yarn as it is being spun or twisted. The yarn or thread to be
twisted or wound upon the other or ordinary yarn as it is being spun or twisted
is supplied from bobbins or cops placed on any additional creel board provided
for the purpose
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is an end elevation of an ordinary spinning mule with our Invention
applied thereto.
A is the stationary framework; B, the.drawing rollers, and C the slubbing
creel; D is the travelling carriage, and E are the spinning spindle all of
which parts are as usual. On each end of the shaft of the bottom ashug
roller we fix a cam plate G, to which we attach any number and form of
cams H, according to the effect or style of yarn we wish to produce, and a
rocking shaft I extending the whole length of the mule is supported in the
frame carrying a series of arms J, to which are jointed slide bars K; these
slide bars carry a rail or a series of rails L, also extending the whole length of
the mule, in which rails are guide eyes corresponding to the number of
spindles in the mule,, one eye being placed at or near to each spindle or to the
yarn M. in its passage from the slubbing cops M¹ through the drawing
rollers B to the spindles E. An additional bobbin creel N is, fixed upon the
ordinary creel, the yarn O passing therefrom over and under the rods P, and
then, through the tweezles Q, to and then through the guide eyes in the
rails L. A lever R is fixed on the end of the shaft I, which as the cam plate
rotates the cams thereon in succession act against or push the lever forward,,
causing the rails to move forward or further from the rollers, and when the
said cams have ceased to act the rails are brought back by the action of a
cord and weight S, T. It will be readily understood that as the yarn M
twines or is twisted by or under the process of spinning, and the yarn O being
attached thereto, it will be wound upon or around the yarn M; and it will be
evident that whilst the drawing rollers continue to rotate the rails will reci-
procate or move to and from the rollers at such times and variations of speed

page_text: as required according to the number and forms.of.the..cams which inay be
employed to actuate them. Thus, suppose one cam only is applied to the
plate; the reciprocation of the rails would be equal to the, revolution of the
bottom drawing roller, and if two cams were applied then there would be two
reciprocations of the rails for one revolution of the roller, and so on for any
desirable number of reciprocations by the application of additional cams.
Also, it will be observed that if forward motion of the rails be at or near the
same speed as the travel of the yarn M then the yarn O will be wound
thereon close, forming a spot or knot, and as the rails recede it will be wound
on openly, shewing spirals betwixt each spot. If also it be desired to have
variation in the distances apart of the spots, we have two or more cams on
one plate, one of larger throw than the other, or fixed on the plate at unequal
distances apart.
When great variety of pattern is required an additional or counter cam
plate is employed, as shewn at V, in Fig. 2, which is driven by gearing from
the cam plate G fixed on the drawing rollers; in this case an additional
lever U is required, and the teeth in these cam plates are so proportioned in
numbers as to produce a change in relative position through a great number
of revolutions. The action of these cams is that they operate the guide rails
alternately, and by constantly varying in the time of action produce great
variations in the distances apart of the spots on the yarns.
Figs. 3 and 4 are elevation and plan of a cam plate and the guide rails
drawn half full size, similar letters being used to indicate the same parts as in
the preceeding Figures; Fig. 5 is part of an end elevation of an ordinary
twisting or doubling frame with our improvements applied thereto.
A is the cam plate fixed on the bottom drawing roller, as in the former
Figures; B is the lever fixed on a rocking shaft C, to which is also fixed a
series of oscillatory arms D, carrying the guide rails E, which are caused to
reciprocate betwixt the rollers and the guide board G in near contact with
the
yarn F as it passes from the rollers to the spindles H. The yarn I to be
wound upon the ordinary twist or doubled yarn F is on bobbins placed on an
additional creel J, from which it passes through tweezles or guides K to the
guide eyes of the rails E.
.
Fig. 6 is part of an end elevation of an ordinary throstle spinning frame,
shewing the application of our Invention thereto.
'
A is the cam plate fixed on the bottom drawing roller, and operating a
lever B fixed on a rocking shaft C, on which are also fixed a series of arms D,
carrying the guide eye rails E, which reciprocate between the drawing roller's
and guide board F, thus guiding and conducting the yarn G-to be wound

page_text: upon the ordinary yarn H as it passes to the spindles I in a similar manner
to the machine previously described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Vickerman, for and on behalf
of myself and the said Josiah Berry and Joseph Brooke Turner, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of May, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
CHARLES VICKERMAN.. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Charles Vickerman,
in the presence of
W*. TASKER,
Patent Agent,
Halifax.