IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PILE SHOES
Year: 1884

page_text: We, ANTHONY HARRIS, Engineer, and ISAIAH COPLEY, Boiler Maker, both of
Vulcan Street Engine and Boiler Works, Middlesbro on Tees, in the County of
York, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF PILE SHOES" to be as follows:-
Pile shoes are commonly used for protecting the ends of wooden piles while they
are being driven, and are usually made of wrought iron with arms welded on, or of
cast iron with the arms rivetted on, and in sheeting pile shoes, entirely of cast
iron. It is well-known that pile shoes of the ordinary kind frequently break
during the process of driving, thereby occasioning great loss of time and money to
contractors and engineers. Our invention has for its purpose the prevention of
these breakages.
The shoe is of cast iron or steel, with two double wrought iron arms or straps
cast in it, and is cast in a chill or other suitable mould. In the said chill or mould,
are placed at right angles to each other the two double arms or straps, cach bent in
one piece, to the required form, one being a certain distance shorter at the lower
part, vertically, than the other, and each has a hole in the centre of its lower part.
The shoe is thus cast. The purpose of having one double arm or strap shorter,
vertically, at its lower part, to leave a space between it, and the other double
arm or strap, so that the molten metal may freely flow between them, and also
through the aforesaid holes, thus thoroughly uniting the metal, above, between,
and below the double arms or straps.
The holes in the centre of the lower part of the double arms or straps, have.
another purpose, namely, to allow the air to pass up through them freely, and thus
prevent honeycomb, which otherwise occurs.
To assist in binding the whole mass still more pieces of wrought iron may be
inserted in 'the said holes, smaller in size than the said holes, so as to permit the
passage of air.
This arrangement ensures perfect soundness, and consequently freedom from
fracture while being driven.
Instead of the two double arms or straps, as above described, four single arms
may be used, their lower ends being bent similarly, to the double arms or straps,
but so, that a space is left between each opposite pair to allow the molten metal to

page_text: flow freely between, and also allow the air to escape upwards, the lower ends may
be jagged or left smooth, and also, they may have holes in them for the same
purpose as those in the double arms or straps as above explained. In this arrange-
ment suitable apparatus is provided to hold the four loose arms or, straps in
position while casting is going on.
In sheeting pile shoes, we cast a lip on top of each parallel side, for the purpose
of preventing the timber from shifting while being driven. To do this we insert a
metal cap in the top of the chill or mould before, or immediately after casting, this
cap is of such a form as to displace the molten metal, so that the two lips result
thereby. A suitable air hole is provided in this cap.
1001

page_text: DECOD
D
We ANTHONY HARRIS Engineer and ISAIAH COPLEY Boilermaker, of Vulcan
Street Engine and Boiler Works, Middlesbro' on Tees in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF PILE SHOES, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
Pile Shoes are commonly used for protecting the ends of wood piles while they
are being driven, and are usually made of wrot-iron with arms welded on, or of
cast iron with the arms rivetted on, and in sheeting pile shoes, entirely of cast iron.
It is well-known that pile shoes of the ordinary kind frequently break during the
process of driving, thereby occasioning great loss of time & money to contractors
& engineers. Our invention has for its purpose the prevention of these breakages.
The shoe is of cast iron or steel with two double wrought iron arms or straps
cast in it and is cast in a chill or other suitable mould. In the said chill or mould,
are placed at right angles to each other the two double arms or straps, each bent in
one piece, to the required form, one being a certain distance shorter at the lower
part vertically, than the other, and each has a hole in the centre of its lower part.
The shoe is thus cast. The purpose of having one double arm or strap shorter
vertically at its lower part, is to leave a space between it and the other double arm
or strap so that the molten metal may freely flow between them, and also through
the aforesaid holes thus thoroughly uniting the metal above, between and below
the double arms or straps.
The holes in the centre of the lower part of the double arms or straps have
another purpose, namely, to allow the air to pass up through them freely, and thus
prevent honeycomb which otherwise occurs. To assist in binding the whole mass
still more pieces of wrought iron may be inserted in the said holes smaller in size
than the said holes, so as to permit the passage of air. We use a timber or plate
iron templet suitably notched, to hold the arms in proper position while the shoe
point is being cast. This arrangement ensures perfect soundness, and consequent
freedom from fracture while being driven. After casting a cap is used for making
the top of shoe point level.& smooth for the timber to butt evenly on.
Instead of the two double arms or straps as above described four single arms
may be used their lower ends being bent similarly to the double arms or straps but
so that a space is left between each opposite pair to allow the molten metal to flow
freely between and also allow the air to escape upwards, the lower ends may be
jagged or left smooth and also they may have holes in them for the same purpose
as those in the double arms or straps as above explained. In this arrangement
suitable apparatus is provided to hold the four loose arms or straps in position
while casting is going on.
In sheeting pile shocs we cast a lip on top of each parallel side for the
of preventing the timber from shifting while being driven. To do this we insert a
purpose
metal cap in the top of the chill or mould before or immediately after casting.
This cap is of such a form as to displace the molten metal so that the two lips
result thereby. A suitable air hole is provided in this cap, if required.

page_text: Along with this specification we furnish a Drawing marked Sheet No. 1 and
Final, the following is a description of it and the method of working our
invention ;-
A is the chill or mould in which the pile shoe points are cast, B is the metal
cap, used in the case of square pile shoes, placed on the top of the chill or mould. A
immediately after the metal has been cast to make the shoe smooth and level for
the timber to butt evenly on it. B¹ is a loop of wrought iron inserted in the
metal cap B for lifting the cap B. B' is the metal cap used in the case of sheet
pile shoes. C is a timber or plate iron templet suitably notched to fit on loose
arms E and hold them in proper position while casting takes place. D is the shoe
point after being cast. E. E are the wrought iron or steel double arms or straps.
El. El. are the wrought iron or steel single arms or straps. F. F. are wrought iron
supports for single arms or straps, while the shoe point D is being cast, secured to
the chill or mould A. G is a piece of loose wrought iron inserted in the holos H. H.
to assist in binding the whole mass when cast. H. H. are the holes in the centre
of the lower part of the single and double loose arms E. E and E¹. E¹, for the
purpose of allowing the molten metal to flow through and also the air and gases to
escape, so as to prevent honeycomb or unsoundness. In figures 1. and 3. the
double arms E. E. are placed in the chill or mould A. and the notched templet C is
placed over the top of them, the metal is then cast into the chill or mould A until
it reaches the top, when the cap B is placed on the top of the chill or mould A and
the shoe is left to cool. In figures 2. and 4. the loose single arms E'. El. are
placed in the chill or mould A, being at the same time suspended upon supports F. F.
by the holes in the arms E¹. E¹. The notched templet Ċ is then placed on the top
of the arms E'. El, the shoe point D cast, and the cap B placed on the top of the
chill or mould A. In figures 5.-6.-and 7. the loose double arms are placed in
the chill or mould A, the notched templet C is placed over the top of them, the
shoe point is cast, and the metal cap B is immediately placed on the top of the
chill or mould A displacing the molten metal so as to form the lips D¹. D¹. upon
the shoe point.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
First. In the manufacture of square pile shoes, the use of a loose cap for making
the top side of the pile shoe smooth and even to recieve the timber fitting into it.
Second. In the manufacture of sheeting pile shoes, the use of a loose cap for
making the top side of the pile shoe smooth and even and also for producing the
two lips upon the pile shoe as shewn and described.
Third. The introduction of holes in the lower parts of the loose arms for the
purposes explained.
Fourth. The insertion of loose pieces of wrought iron into the holes at the lower
part of the arms for the purpose of assisting in binding the whole mass.
Deted this 10th day of August 1885.
ANTHONY HARRIS.
ISAIAH COPLEY.
By their Agent, W. Lloyd Wise,
Per F. J. Brougham.