Improvements relating to the Treatment of Sewage and Town Refuse for Transforming the same into Fuel.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Jan., 1895-Accepted, 24th Apr., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Treatment of Sewage and Town
Refuse for Transforming the same into Fuel.
I, JOSEPH POSNO, of 3 Rue Buffon, Asnières, in the Republic of France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the treatment of sewage and town refuse for converting
the same into fuel. This treatment is based on the following essential conditions:
(1) Mixing the sorted sewage with a definite quantity of rich coal or other
substance capable of producing gas, the said quantity being proportioned to the
heat necessary for carbonizing the mixture of sewage and coal.
(2) Dry distillation of the mixture of sewage and coal.
(3) The sole fuel employed for the carbonization of the sewage and coal will be
the gas which escapes in the dry distillation of the aforesaid mixture.
(4) Utilization of all the by-products which will be collected and condensed.
(5) Recovery of the heat from the furnaces for drying the sewage if necessary.
(6) Utilization of the gas in excess to obtain the mechanical power necessary
for the works and to make blocks of fuel derived from the sewage and coke.
In carrying my said invention into practice I proceed in the following manner:
I place preferably in retorts of refractory earth the sewage and coal mixed in the
proportion of seventy-five parts by weight of sewage for twenty-five parts by weight
of coal. These proportions may of course be varied according to the nature of the
sewage and the quantity of gas it is intended to collect.
The heating of the retorts takes place by the aid of the gas obtained in the
preceding operation and which is conducted to the furnace of the retorts arranged
like a gas furnace.
In from three to four hours the distillation is terminated, that is to say the
mixture enclosed in the retorts is entirely carbonized. I withdraw the residue and
after cooling I pulverize it and convert it into blocks with an addition of tar, which
latter may be obtained in the distillation of the carbonized material mixed with the
sewage.
Condensing apparatus collect all the by-products, such as tar, heavy oils, light
oils and the like, which by their sale amply make up for the general cost of the
working.
The gas proper is conveyed into a gazogene in order to be employed as stated
for heating the retorts. The ammonia is collected in the ordinary manner in order
to be converted into ammonium sulphate, a manure which is an essential product of
my process.
Part of the gas may also serve to supply by means of an appropriate motor
the mechanical power required in the works for the manufacture of the blocks.
For the operation it is natural that if I am in proximity to a gas works I
fill the gazogene with the necessary quantity of gas for operating the first furnace,
unless the required quantity be produced a single time by means of a furnace
solely filled with rich coal, the gases from which are collected in the gas
holder.
My process is applicable to any materials which it may be desired to subject
a carbonizing process, the product of which is to serve for the manufacture

page_text: of blocks of fuel, the by-products being at the same time collected in the dry
distillation to which the mixture is subjected.
Dated this 24th day of April 1894.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements relating to the Treatment of Sewage and Town
-
Refuse for Transforming the same into Fuel.
I, JOSEPH POSNO, of 3 Rue Buffon, Asnières, in the Republic of France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
My invention relates to the treatment of sewage and town refuse for converting
the same into fuel. This treatment is based on the following essential conditions.
(1) Mixing the sorted sewage with a definite quantity of rich coal or other
substance capable of producing.gas the said quantity being proportioned to the
heat necessary for carbonizing the mixture of sewage and coal.
(2) Dry distillation of the mixture of sewage and coal.
(3) The sole fuel employed for the carbonization of the sewage and coal will be
the gas which escapes in the dry distillation of the aforesaid mixture.
(4) Utilization of all the by-products which will be collected and condensed.
(5) Recovery of the heat from the furnaces for drying the sewage if necessary.
(6) Utilization of the gas in excess to obtain the mechanical power necessary
for the works and to make blocks of fuel derived from the sewage and coke.
In carrying my said invention into practice I proceed in the following manner:
I place preferably in retorts of refractory earth the sewage and coal mixed in the
proportion of seventy-five parts by weight of sewage for twenty-five parts by
weight of coal. These proportions may of course be varied according to the nature
of the sewage and the quantity of gas it is intended to collect.
The heating of the retorts takes place by the aid of the gas obtained in the
preceding operation and which is conducted to the furnace of the retorts arranged
like a gas furnace.
In from three to four hours the distillation is terminated, that is to say the
mixture enclosed in the retorts is entirely carbonized. I withdraw the residue and
after cooling I pulverize it and convert it into blocks with an addition of tar, which
latter may be obtained in the distillation of the carbonized material mixed with the
sewage.
The proportion of tar to be added to the last residue for the manufacture of
bricks is 7%. Supposing for instance an output of 250 tons of raw sewage
per day after removing the iuert substances, there remain about 225 tons, to
which add 75 tons of rich coal. By way of distillation a residue is obtained
of 40 to 45% which will bring the whole production to 120 tons of fixed residue.
7 to 8% of this residue produces 9 tons of tar to be added to 120 tons of residue
for making bricks.
Condensing apparatus collect all the by-products, such as tar, heavy oils, light
oils and the like, which by their sale amply make up for the general cost of the
working.
The gas proper is conveyed into a gazogene in order to be employed as stated
for heating.the retorts. The ammonia is collected in the ordinary manner in order
to be converted into ammonium sulphate, a manure which is an essential product of
my process.

page_text: Part of the gas may also serve to supply by means of an appropriate motor the
mechanical power required in the works for the manufacture of the blocks.
For the operation it is natural that if I am in proximity to a gas works I fill the
gazogene with the necessary quantity of gas for operating the first furnace, unless
the required quantity be produced a single time by means of a furnace solely filled
with rich coal, the gases from which are collected in the gas holder.
My process is applicable to any materials which it may be desired to subject to
a carbonizing process the product of which is to serve for the manufacture of
blocks of fuel, the by-products being at the same time collected in the dry
distillation to which the mixture is subjected.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The system of transforming sewage or town refuse into fuel, realized under
the conditions hereinbefore explained and based upon the mixing of rich coal with
the sewage in order to obtain the carbonization and to utilize the gas obtained
in the operation for the heating of furnaces and the ammonia for the manufacture
of ammonium sulphate.
1005
DaLed
Dalen uit 2010 day of January
1005
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.