Improvements in Oil and like Engines.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Feb., 1899-Accepted, 6th May, 1899
Improvements in Oil and like Engines.
I, CHARLES MAXIMILIEN KOCH, of 41, Rue Taitbout, Paris, France, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of this invention is improvements in petroleum motors and it is
especially applicable to a four-stroke cycle motor working with heavy petroleumn
of a density about .780 to .830, with petroleum spirit, alcohol or other liquid
capable of producing an explosive vapour. This motor is characterized by the
absence of a carburator, the liquid being injected into a special explosion chamber;
it is a balanced motor and may be either vertical or horizontal.
The drawings annexed show this motor.
Figure 1 is a general view showing a horizontal motor with two cylinders.
Figure 2 shows the explosion chamber of peculiar shape, and Figure 3 is a
general view of the pump serving to inject the liquid and Figures 4 and 5 are
sections to a larger scale showing in detail the interior arrangement of the valves
of the said pump.
The motor is composed of two vertical or horizontal cylinders A A¹ between
which is a wide space. Two pistons B B¹ move in opposite directions and
symmetrically in these two cylinders. The connecting rods C C₁ actuate a crank D
on a shaft E.
The admission and exhaust by the valves F and G respectively are in the space
between the two cylinders. There is only one admission and one exhaust for the
two cylinders. The whole system is thus balanced; as the shaft is placed between
the two cylinders, all strains are counteracted and in consequence no vibration
is produced.
His a tube, (provided or not with ribs), by which air enters the explosion
chamber I; the liquid also enters the tube H and passes into the chamber I mixed
with air. J is a lamp heating the tube H and the ignition tube K. For this
method of ignition may be substituted if preferred any other method of ignition.
L is a pipe by which the petroleum coming from the pump M enters the tube H,
N is the point of admission of oil into the pump. This pump is operated by the
motor by means of a system of levers which can be adjusted by springs. It works
as a force pump owing to the arrangement of the springs O P of its valves and of
its piston which may be either vertical or horizontal as may be the valves; if
the piston is vertical the springs are horizontal and vice versa.
The vaporising chamber is in one with the explosion chamber. To vaporise
heavy petroleum, a vaporising chamber of very high temperature is needed; with
this object it is of an ellipsoidal or spherical form so as to have only a small surface
for radiation with a large capacity. To prevent the air to be mixed with the
sprayed petroleum entering the vaporising chamber when cold, the whole of the
air and the petroleum injected by the tube L is heated by the flame of the lamp J
which also heats the ignition tube.
The admission valve F is operated by the motor-it is a lift valve and has only

page_text: a small movement. By this arrangement the gaseous mixture is forced to
circulate along the walls of the chamber which are thus further heated. It is
obvious therefore that all the conditions for avoiding loss of heat from the vapor-
ising chamber are fulfilled.
This motor operates in the ordinary manner; it may be used as a stationary
engine and by its balanced system it causes no vibration on motor vehicles and
.vessels.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The improvements described above which consist in doing away with the
carburator and replacing it by a single vaporising and explosion chamber combined
with two cylinders in which work two reciprocating pistons connected to a crank
shaft constituting a balanced system and with a pump serving to inject the liquid
into the motor and a lamp serving to heat the tube H and the ignition tube for
the purpose specified.
2. A vaporising and explosion chamber of the shape described and shown.
3. A pump acting under pressure as described and shown.
4. A balanced motor consisting of the parts described and shown for the purpose
specified.
Dated this 20th day of February 1800
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.