Improvements in and relating to Electro-magnetic Cutouts and other like Apparatus specially applicable to Electric Arc Lamps.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Feb., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 26th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 16th Dec., 1899
DI BUITIONATION.
Improvements in and relating to Electro-magnetic Cutouts and other
like Apparatus specially applicable to Electric Arc Lamps.
HERBERT SMITHSON, of 60, Oscar Terrace, Dorset Street, Hulme, Manchester,
in the County of Lanc. Artisan, & EDGAR RAVENHILL SHARPE, of 2, Drayton
Street, Chorlton Road, Manchester aforesaid, Electrical Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object the making of an electric arc lamp, in, or
in connection with, which is provided a means whereby
First. The coil or coils, or electro-magnet, or magnets, of the said lamp may
be automatically short circuited, or cutout, should the voltage at its terminal
from any cause exceed a predetermined amount, and
Second A separate independent resistance, may be automatically inserted in
the place of the said coil, or coils, or electro magnet, or magnets, of the said
lamp. thus short circuited or cutout, in order that the voltage of the circuit
in which the lamp is fixed, or in connection with, or forms a part of, may be
kept approximately constant And also the making, or constructing, of an.
automatic electro-magnetic cutout, or release so arranged that on its cutting
out, or releasing, a separate resistance is automatically inserted in place of
the article or thing cutout. The said electio-magnetic cutout or release being
used in, or in connection with, any article, or thing, which it is desired to cut.
out should the voltage, or volume of current, of, or in, the circuit to which
it is attached or connected to, or in connection with, exceed a prede-
termined amount, and in place of which it is desued for any purpose, or reason,
to automatically insert a separate resistance, or a duplicate of the article or
thing cut out We construct an electic arc lamp according to any of the usual
methods, and in addition thereto we use an electro magnet arranged on, or in.
or to form part of, a suitable frame work, or support, the said electro magnet
being, when excited, capable of attracting, or moving, an armature, which
may be made of iron, this armature being so arranged, or fixed in, or upon, or
in connection with, the frame work, or support that as soon as it is attracted,
or moved, by the electro magnet. it releases the arm. or lever, of a switch,
formed on, or attached to or used in connection with the said electro-magnet.
armature, frame work, or support, which switch arm, or lever, may be, by
means of a spring, weight, or other like suitable means, caused to move from
the position in which it was held either directly or indectly, by means of the
armature of the electro magnet, prior to the same being attracted, or moved,
to a new position, such movement causing the said arm or lever, to move away
from, or cease to make contact with, a jaw, or number of jaws, or plates, or
levers, and to make contact with another jaw, or number of jaws, or plates, or
levers, such second jaw, jaws, plates, or levers being distinct from and insulated
from, those first mentioned. The above second, or last mentioned jaw, jaws,
plates, or levers, having connected to them a separate resistance, or duplicate
2
1

page_text: of the article, or thing, cut out, which, in the case of a separate resistance,
may be fixed in, or attached to, or used in connection with, the arc lamp, or other
article, or thing. to which the cutout is fixed, or attached, or in connection with
which it is used. The connections between the various parts being such that
on the arm. or lever, of the switch, being moved away from, or ceasing to make
contact with, the first mentioned jaw, jaws plates or levers, the article or thing
in connection with which the cutout is used, and which it is desired to protect, is
cut out, or short circuited, and on the said arm or lever of the switch, being
moved on to, or making contact with, the second mentioned jaw, jaws, plates,
or levers, the duplicate of the article or thing or separate resistance, as may
be arranged, is cut in, or placed in circuit, in place of the article, or thing, pre-
viously cut out
D
1 1.
1
1000
H. SMITHSON
EDGAR R. SHARPE.
Improvements in and relating to Electro-magnetic Cutouts and other
like Apparatus especially applicable to Electric Arc Lamps.
We HERBERT SMITHSON and EDGAR RAVENHILL SHARPE, trading as Smith-
son. Sharpe & Co. of Chase Street. Red Bank. Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster. Mechanical and Electrical Engineers, formerly of 60, Oscar Terrace,
Dorset Street. Hulme. Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. and 2, Drayton
Street, Chorlton Road, Manchester aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention is designed to provide a means or appliance whereby the coil
or electro-magnet of an electric arc lamp may be automatically cut out or short
circuited and a separate independent resistance inserted or brought into the
circuit instead of such coil or electro-magnet should the voltage at the terminals
from any cause exceed a predetermined amount in order that the voltage of the
lamp circuit may be maintained approximately constant.
The invention consists essentially of an automatic cut out or release con-
structed and arranged with two points of contact between which a pivoted lever
or contact maker swings such contact maker being released from the first point
of contact by the action of an electro-magnet when the voltage exceeds the
desired amount and then drawn by a spung into engagement with the second
point of contact thus cutting out the first circuit and making contact with a
second circuit in which is placed a compensating resistance.
The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which the apparatus is shown in front and side elevations with
diagram of connections with electric lamp.
The electric arc lamp A is of any ordinary or suitable construction and upon it
in any convenient position we place a frame or stand B carrying an electro-
magnet Carmature D and a pivoted arm or contact maker E held in normal
position and in contact by the armature D with which it engages
On the frame or stand B 19 fitted a double switch with jaws or contact
pieces and a second set of jaws or contact pieces G between which the contact
maker E is pivoted and with either of which it is capable of making contact
The switch is completely insulated from the switch G
The first switch or contact F is in circuit with the lamp and the second switch
1

page_text: or contact G is in circuit with a compensating resistance H equal to the resist-
ance of the lamp. The second switch G short circuits the lamp A when the
contact maker E is in contact with it'
The cut out coil of the magnet C is in series with the shunt coil K of the
lamp A
L is the series coil.
When the voltage rises above normal or above the predetermined limit
the electro magnet attracts and moves the pivoted armature D and releases the
contact maker which is then pulled by the spring out of contact with the
first switch or contact pieces F thereby cutting the lamp out of circuit and
putting it into contact with the second switch or contact pieces G and short
circuiting the lamp through the compensating resistance H.
If desired the contact piece may be attached to or moved directly by the
armature instead of by a spring but at present we prefer the arrangement
shown.
Instead of a separate compensating resistance coil H in the second circuit
another lamp or other article which will absorb or utilize the electric current
may be placed therein
The invention is primarily intended for use with aic-lamps arranged in series
but it may be employed in connection with other electrical appliances which it
is desirable should be cut out should the voltage rise too high or where it is
desirable to introduce into the circuit a resistance when the voltage lises above
the normal amount.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1 The combination with an electric are lamp of a double switch with an
actuating coil or magnet in series with the shunt coil of the lamp whereby should
the voltage rise too high the lamp is cut out or short circuited and a compen-
Eating resistance brought into the circuit substantially as described.
2 A double switch constructed with two sets of contacts and a contact maker
pivoted to oscillate between them held in one position by the armature of an
electric magnet and when released drawn away from the first contact pieces and
into engagement with the second contact pieces to short circuit or to change
the circuit through which the current flows substantially as described.
3. The construction and arrangement of apparatus substantially as and for
the purpose described and shown."
Dated this 20th day of October 1800