IMPROVE MENTS IN SPEEDERS AND FLY FRAMES FOR SPINNING MACHINERY
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Mayor, of the City of Providence, State of Rhode
Island, one of the United States of America, for the Invention of "IMPROVE
MENTS IN SPEEDERS AND FLY FRAMES FOR SPINNING MACHINERY."
the 10th November 1876, and dated the 15th July 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Mayor at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th July 1876.
THOMAS MAYOR, of the City of Providence, State of Rhode Island, one of the
United States of America. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPEEDERS AND FLY FRAMES FOR
SPINNING MACHINERY."
My Invention relates to improvements in the construction and arrangement of
machinery, known as speeders and fly frames for spinning and twisting roving.
The said Invention consists, first in the construction of the frame by which
either one or two rows of spindles and flyers, and also the shafting and gearing for
driving the same are supported by brackets secured to one central rail, so that all
the moving parts are firmly and permanently held by this central rail, and no
settling of the machine or vibration of the building can affect the true and uniform
motion of the parts.
By this arrangement the bolsters in which the spindles revolve, the gear wheels for
driving the spindles and the bobbins, and also the shafts with their gear wheels are
all permanently secured to the sides of the central rail, thus producing a roving
machine that may run at a higher speed and produce better roving than has been
heretofore practicable.
The said Invention consists, secondly, in the arrangement of the gear wheels by
which motion is imparted to the spindles, bobbins, flyers, and top rolls, so that the
shafts for driving the bow flyers shall be driven by direct fixed gearing from the
main driving shaft; that the spindle shall be driven by fixed gearing from the
sleeve of the compound gear wheel, and the top rolls or delivery rolls shall be
driven directly from the upper cone shaft.
By this Invention a roving machine is constructed with fewer parts than here-
tofore, and the changes in the speed are more readily adjusted; all parts of the
machine can be more readily reached, oiled, and adjusted, and the machine may be
built at less cost than similar machines heretofore constructed.
Price G21

page_text: The said Invention consists, thirdly, in constructing the spindle for bow flyer
speeders or fly frames with flattened sides instead of longitudinal grooves, and
arranging the gear wheels to fit and freely slide on such spindles. By this arrange-
ment the gear wheels do not cut and bind on the spindles, and no waste material
is liable to adhere to the spindle. Such spindles can be constructed cheaper and
better than when a groove has to be planed in the sides of the same, whilst the
spindle reciprocates with very slight friction. The flattened sides can be milled on
a number of spindles by a milling machine, so that all spindles are exactly alike.
The said Invention consists, fourthly, in supporting the steps of the spindles on
brackets directly from the central rail, so that they will reciprocate in a direct line,
and also in imparting reciprocation to the spindle by a continuous shaft, provided
with gear wheels which engage with the racks, thus simplifying the construction,
and securing uniform reciprocation of the spindle.
The said Invention consists, fifthly, in providing the upper end of the bow flyer
with a friction device, by which the roving at a point near the junction of the bows
of the flyer at the lower extremity of the. neck is passed through a hole in a
projecting tube, and around the tube before it enters the orifice in the bow, so that
the length of roving between the delivery roll and the flyer will receive a certain
fixed twist, and also insure a uniform draught on the roving.
The said Invention consists, sixthly, in providing a speeder or fly frame with a
stop gear wheel, so arranged that when the machine is stopped the attendant may
at once wind the same back without having to pass to the front of the machine,
and for this purpose a weighted lever is connected with the stop rod which dis-
engages the shifting rod, and thus allows the winding back of the same.
The said Invention consists, seventhly, in the arrangement of a change motion
directly in connection with the shaft of the space gear wheel of a speeder or fly frame
by means of a segment, so that the varied speed is at once communicated to the
rack gear of the shipper rod, and so the desired speed is at once communicated to
the shipper rod.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Thomas Mayor in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th January
1877.
THOMAS MAYOR, of the City of Providence, State of Rhode Island, one of the
United States of America. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPEEDERS OR FLY FRAMES FOR
SPINNING MACHINERY."
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction and arrangement of
roving machinery known as speeders and fly frames for spinning and twisting roving,
whereby I am enabled to produce a better quality of roving than has heretofore
been possible, a larger quantity from the same number of spindles; reduce the
cost of construction of such machinery, and increase the facility for operating and
managing the same.
The said Invention comprises a construction and arrangement of parts by which
either one row or two rows of spindles and flyers and also the shafting and gearing
for driving the same are supported by brackets secured to one central rail, so that
all the moving parts are firmly and permanently held by this central rail, and no
settling of the machine or vibration of the building can affect the true and uniform
motion of the parts. By this arrangement the bolsters in which the spindles
revolve, the gear wheels for driving the spindles and the bobbins, and also the
shafts with their gear wheels are all permanently secured to the central rail, thus
producing a roving machine that may run at a higher speed and produce better
roving than has been heretoforo practicable.
The said Invention also comprises an arrangement of the gear wheels by which

page_text: motion is imparted to the spindles, bobbins, flyers, and top rolls, so that the shafts
for driving the bow flyers will be driven by direct fixed gearing from the main
driving shaft, the spindle will be driven by fixed gearing from the sleeve of the
compound gear wheel, and the top rolls or delivery rolls will be driven directly
from the upper cone shaft. By this arrangement a roving machine is constructed
with fewer parts than heretofore, and the changes in speed are more readily adjusted;
all parts of the machine can be more readily reached, oiled, and adjusted, and the
machine may be built at less cost than similar machines heretofore constructed.
The said Invention also comprises the construction of the spindle for bow flyer
speeders or fly frames with flattened sides instead of longitudinal grooves, and
arranging the gear wheels to fit and freely slide on such spindles. By this arrange-
ment the gear wheels do not cut and bind on the spindles, and no waste material
is liable to adhere to the spindle. Such spindles can be constructed cheaper and
better than when a groove has to be planed in the sides of the same, whilst the
spindle reciprocates with very slight friction. The flattened sides "can be milled
on a number of spindles by a milling machine, so that all spindles are exactly alike.
The said Invention also comprises the supporting of the steps of the spindles
on brackets directly from the central rail, so that they will reciprocate in a direct
line and also the reciprocation of the spindle by a continuous shaft provided with
gear wheels which engage with the racks, thus simplifying the construction and
securing uniform reciprocation of the spindle.
It also comprises the provision of the upper end of the bow flyer with a friction
device by which the roving at a point near the junction of the bows of the flier
at the lower extremity of the neck is passed through a hole in a projecting tube
and around the tube before it enters the orifice in the bow, so that the length of
roving between the delivery roll and the flyer will receive a certain fixed twist
and also ensure a uniform draught on the roving.
It also comprises a speeder or fly frame, provided with a stop gear wheel so
arranged that when the machine is stopped the attendant may at once wind the
same back without having to pass to the front of the machine, and for this purpose
a weighted lover is connected with the stop rod which disengages the shifting rod,
and thus allows the winding back of the same.
Also an arrangement of a change motion directly in connection with the shaft
of the space gear wheel of a speeder or fly frame by means of a segment, so that
the varied speed is at once communicated to the rack gear of the shipper rod, and
so the desired speed is at once communicated to the shipper rod.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a rear view of the driving end of a roving frame showing these
improvements arranged in their relative positions.
Figure 2 is a front view of the driving end of a roving frame.
Figure 3 is a cross section of the roving frame showing the central rail and the
arrangement by which the four lines of shafting, the bearings for the spindles and
the flyers and the gear wheels for driving the same are all secured to and supported
by the central rail.
Figure 4 shows the brackets for supporting the shafting and the bolster for the
spindles.
Figure 5 is a view of the bow flyer provided with the central twisting tube at
its upper end.
Figure 6 is an enlarged view of the twisting tube made with a bell-shaped lower
O opening provided with a hole connected by a slit, through which hole the roving
passes before it enters the tubular arm of the bow flyer.
Figure 7 is a view of the same tube made of uniform diameter.
Figure 8 is a cross section of the roving frame showing the novel construction of
the change motion gear.
Figure 9 is a horizontal section of the change motion gear, showing the quadrant

page_text: to which the change gear is secured, and the manner of adjusting various sized gear
wheels to the same and thus changing the speed.
Figure 10 is a top view of the space gear wheel, showing the slide in which
the bearing of the contact gear wheel is secured, and by which the shipper rake is
operated.
Figure 11 is a cross section showing the arrangement by which the step rail is
supported, counterbalanced, and reciprocated, also the trip arrangement by which
the machine can be stopped, to allow of its being wound backward when required.
Figure 12 shews a section of one of the spindles, and the flattened sides on the
same, also a top view of the gear by which the spindle is driven and in which the
same reciprocates. Similar letters indicate corresponding parts throughout these
Drawings.
a, represents the main central rail to which one or two lines of spindles and all
the parts directly, connected with the same are secured to form one firm structure.
This central rail is secured to the frames or spring pieces by the brackets a¹; b, b,
are the brackets supporting the two lines of shafting for driving the spindles and
the flyers; c, c, are the bolsters for supporting the spindles, the gear wheels for
driving the spindles and the bow flyers; d, is the shaft for driving the said bow
flyers by means of the bevel gear wheels shown; c, is a gear wheel placed on the
end of the shaft which gears into the gear wheelf on the main driving shaft; g, is
a sleeve to which the gear wheel is secured, and which through the intermediate
gear wheels h¹ and he drives the gear wheel i secured to the shaft by which all
the spindles are driven. is the upper cone shaft, to the end of which is secured
the gear wheel m, which engages with the gear wheel n on the end of the delivery
roll, and so imparts motion to the same. Figure 12 illustrates the improvement in
the spindles and gear wheels so fully that a further description becomes unneces-
sary; o, is the step rail supported by the chain p, which passes over a sleevo
secured to the central rail a, and is continued to the rear of the machine where
the weight of the step rail is counterbalanced by the weight q secured to the end
of the chain p to impart reciprocating motion to the step rail and so to the spindles,
the said step rail is secured to the rack by the brackets, and the rack is
operated by the pinion s revolving alternately in opposite directions; t¹ is the
nose of the flyer and is the tube placed in the same extending below the bow
of the flyer, the roving is passed through the tube and through a hole provided
near its lower end, and then partly around the tube before it passes down the
tubular part of the flyer, so that a fixed frictional surface is provided at the upper
end of the flyer, and a uniform twist is insured between the delivery roll and the
nose of the flyer.
When in a speeder the bobbins are completed and ready to be doffed the
machine is stopped automatically. When, however, the machine is to be stopped
at any other time the operative must pass around to the rear of the machine, and
before he can wind it backward disengage the pawl by the arrangement shown,
by pulling the lever y the pawl is raised, and the weight operates the shifting
rod u by means of the bell-crank lever, and thus stops the machine and allows of
winding the same backward.
The change motion consists of the space gear wheel 1 driven from the upper
cone pulley on the shaft 2, of which at its lower end is the gear wheel 3, which
gears into the intermediate wheel 4, secured to an adjustable quadrant; the shaft
of the wheel 4 extends upward and the change wheel 5, of larger or smaller
diameter, is placed on the shaft and adjusted by the quadrant to engage with the
gear wheel 6 on the shaft, which operates the shipper rack 7, whereby the belt is
adjusted on the cone pulleys.
By the application of these improvements to speeders or fly frames a machine is
produced which combines the best qualities of the speeder with the low cost and
simple construction of the fly frame, and its firm construction and positive gearing
enable me to run this machine at a much higher speed, producing more work than
could heretofore be produced on any speeder.
4

page_text: Having thus fully described my said Invention and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that I claim-
First. The central rail arranged to receive two lines of spindles and to support
the two lines of shafting, as above described and for the purpose set forth.
Second. The arrangement of the gearing for driving the flyers and the spindles
upon two parallel lines of shafting, one of which is directly geared with the flyers
and the other with the spindles, the whole being secured to and supported by the
central rail as described.
Third. The arrangement of the main driving gearing by which motion is imparted
to the spindles and bobbins directly from the sleeve of the compound gear wheel
to the bow flyers by fixed gear wheels directly from the main driving shaft and
to the top rolls from the upper cone shaft as above described and for the purpose
specified.
Fourth. The combination with a bow flyer of the friction tube arranged to give
a fixed frictional surface within, at, or near the neck or nose of the flyer as above
described and for the purpose specified.
Fifth. The combination with the gear wheel for driving the spindle of a speeder
of the spindle provided with flattened sides instead of the usual longitudinal groove
and arranged as above described and for the purpose set forth.
Sixth. The arrangement by which the step rail is supported from the central
rail by means of counterweighted chains and operated by the rack and pinion,
as above described and for the purpose specified.
Seventh. The arrangement for stopping the speeder, consisting of the lever
connected with the latch and the ball-crank lever provided with the counterweight,
as above set forth.
Eighth. The combination with the space gear shaft and contact shaft provided
with the gear wheel of the quadrant arranged to support the change gear wheel
and adjust the same, as above set forth.
Ninth. The arrangement by which by the exchange of the gear wheel 5 the
relative speed of the space gear shaft and contact shaft is changed, and the recipro-
cation of the belt shipper is altered as above described and for the purpose set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Mayor, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirtieth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand sight hundrad and cavanty six
THOMAS MAYOR. (L.S.)