Year: 1896

page_text: .
We, JOHN MACRAE, of 10 Richmond Street, Glasgow, Watchmaker, and
WILLIAM CLARK, 45 Parson Street, Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to punches for use by tramway and other officials for
punching tickets and for other purposes.
The object of the invention is generally to improve the construction and action
of such punches.
The punch consists, by preference, of a somewhat rectangular shaped casing
provided with a handle, at one end, and a jaw for the insertion of the ticket to be
punched with a receptacle below or at one side of it for the reception of the punched
out parts of the tickets, at the other end. An intermediate compartment is
provided for the punch, bell, and registering or counting mechanism.
The receptacle for the punched pieces of ticket is provided with a hinged door
and lock.
The punching mechanism which is much simpler and better than ordinary punch
mechanism, consists of a, preferably, short thumb lever, normally pressed upward
by a spring and having a downwardly projecting tail piece. To the tail piece
is pinned one end of a link whose other end is pivotted to a punch bar which
latter is at its upper end pivotted to the casing. Pivotted to the punch bar is a
short punch which works in a hole in the jaw of the casing. The jaw is slotted
or cut away at its lower end and in it is. pivotted a tongue which is acted on by a
spring and has, preferably, a forked back part in which a slot preferably of
Lshape is cut. A pin or equivalent on the punch bar works in the slot. The
lower side of the slot is preferably slightly inclined at one part. The point of the
tongue enters and works in a groove cut in the punch.
Before the official can operate the punch the tongue requires to be depressed by
inserting a ticket.
The bell mechanism is very simple and is only acted on by a single spring.
The bell is fitted to one side of the casing and the clapper lever is pivotted
preferably to the casing at one side of the bell. The clapper lever which is
limited in its movement by a pin is acted on by a spring whose one end fits in a
nick or such like in the end of the lever. In connection with the lever is a small
tumbler provided with a projecting tooth at one end and a rearward extension at
on the clapper
the other. The extension catches against or is caught by a pin
lever. A pin projects from the tumbler and works against the other end of the
spring aforesaid. The bell is rung by the action of the thumb lever whose tail
piece catches on the tooth of the tumbler. The side of the casing is perforated to
allow the sound to escape.
The counting nechanism may consist of a series of wheels counting units, tens,
hundreds, and thousands and these wheels are all operated by a simple escapement
jointed to the tail piece of the thumb lever. The escapement consists of a
fulcrumed lever having two bent and inclined arms which catch in pins or teeth on
one of the wheels.
The cover of the punch may have a window in it through which the registering
mechanism indicates the number of tickets punched. If desired this window. may

page_text: be arranged to be covered by a shutter moved by means of a small pin or rod or
otherwise. The cover may be provided with catches and be locked by a rod.
The aforesaid punch mechanism has the special advantage that at the same time
as the punch makes a hole in the ticket the tongue tears or cuts away the ticket at
the lower part of the hole so that when the punching operation is completed the
tongue is released and under the action of its spring is caused to move so as to
relock the punch mechanism. In this manner an official is prevented from causing
the bell to sound moře than once while punching a single ticket or moving the
counting mechanism more than one point.
The mechanism is also such that before an official can ring the bell or move the
counting mechanism be must punch the ticket.
In order to prevent persons tampering with the punch after it is finished with
for the day, the punch mechanism can be locked by means of a sliding locking bar
operated by a pin from the outside. . .
The punching mechanism can be used apart from the bell or the registering
mechanism.
Dated this 16th day of April 1896.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Punches for Tickets and such like.
We, JOHN MACRAE of .10 Richmond Street, Glasgow, Watchmaker, and
WILLIAM CLARK, 45 Parson Street, Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to punches for use by tramway and other officials for
punching tickets and for other purposes.
The object of the invention is generally to improve the construction and action
of such punches.
And in order that our said invention may be properly understood we have
hereunto appended an explanatory sheet of drawings whereon,
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the improved punch.
Fig. 2 is a view of the interior of the punch the face plate being removed.
Fig. 3 is a vertical cross section of the punch on the line A, B, Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal cross section on the line C.-D, Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line E.-F Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a vertical section on the line G.-H, Fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is a section on the line I-J Fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section through the jaw 3 of the punch.
Figs. 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19 are detail views.
Referring to the drawings whereon the same reference numerals wherever
repeated indicate the same parts.
The punch consists, by preference, of a somewhat rectangular shaped casing 1
provided with a handle 2, at one end, and a jaw 3 for the insertion of the ticket
to be punched with a receptacle, 4, below for the reception of the punched out
parts of the tickets, at the other end. An intermediate compartment 5 is provided
for the punch, bell, and registering or counting mechanism. 4 is a dividing partition
between the compartments 4, 5.
The receptacle for the punched pieces of ticket is provided at the front with a
hinged door 6 and lock 7 (see also Figs. 9 and 10) the construction of which is
hereinafter described.

page_text: The punching mechanism, which is much simpler and better than ordinary punch
mechanism, consists of a, preferably, short thumb lever 8 normally pressed upward
by a spring 9 and having a downwardly projecting tail piece 10 fulcrumed on
the pin 11. To the tail piece is pinned. one end of a link 12 whose other end is
pivotted to a punch bar 13' which latter is, at its upper end, pivotted at 14 to the
casing (see also Fig. 8). Pivotted to the punch bar at 15 is a short punch 16
which works in a hole 17 (see also Figs. 6 and 7) in the side 18 of the jaw of the
casing. This punch, as shown clearly in end view and section at Fig. 18, is made
with a longitudinal groove. 16" extending its whole length. The punch-is preferably
cupped at its end as shown at 16. The side 18 of the jaw 3' is slotted or cut away
at its lower end, as shown at 20,. and in this slotted part is pivotted at 21" a
tongue 21, which is shown in side and' plan views to an enlarged' scale at Figs. 14
and 15. This tongue, which is acted on by a wire or other spring 22, has,
preferably, a forked back part 23 in each prong of which a slot 24, preferably of
L shape and stepped, is cut. A pin or equivalent 25 on the punch bar 13 works.
in the slots. The point of the tongue, when elevated, enters and works in the
slot 16 of the punch whilst the tongue itself works in the slots 26 and 20° cut in
the sides 18 and 19 of the. jaw of the punch as shown at Figs. 7 and 8.
. Before the official can operate the punch the point of the tongue requires to be
depressed by inserting a ticket in the jaw 3 in order to free the pin 25 from the
locking recesses 24 (Fig. 14) at the upper side of the slots 24. The ticket must
also be inserted sufficiently far to free the pin 25 from the steps 24 (Fig. 14).
The rear end of the pivotted tongue is normally pressed downwards, so as to lock
the punch bar 13 (by catching the pin 25 in the recesses 24 as shown at Fig. 1) by
means of the spring 22. When a ticket is inserted' in the jaw sufficiently far
however the rear end of the tongue is forced upwards against the action of the
spring 22 so as to free the pin 25 and' allow the punch 16 to be operated by the
thumb lever 8.
The bell mechanism is very simple and is only acted' on by a single spring. The
bell 27 is fitted to one side of the casing and the clapper lever 28 is pivotted on the
stud 29' secured' to the back of the casing and at one side of the bell. The clapper
lever (see also enlarged view Fig. 12), which is limited' in its movement by a
projection 32; is acted on by a wire spring 30 whose one end fits in an eye 31 or
such like in the end of the lever and' whose other end, after being wound round the
stud 29 as shown at Fig. 3, is brought down so as to bear against the bottom wall
of the casing along which it is led' for some distance and is then bent back so as to
bear against the tumbler 33 hereinafter described. Fitted on the stud 29 and in
connection with the lever is the small tumbler 33 (see also enlarged view Fig. 13)
provided with a projecting tooth 34 at one end and a lateral extension 35 at the
other. The extension 35 catches against the projection 32 and' the inner end of the
clapper lever (see more particularly the dotted lines Fig. 12). A point 36 projects
from the tumbler. and bears against the bent back end of the spring 30 aforesaid.
The bell is rung by the action of the thumb lever whose tail piece 10 catches on the
tooth 34 of the tumbler and moves it to such an extent as to cause the extension 35'
to raise up the clapper lever 28 against the action of the spring 30. Whenever the
lower end of the tail piece 10 over-rides, the tooth 34, which is only accomplished
when the ticket is fully punched, the action-of the spring 30 causes the clapper lever
to descend quickly and strike the bell. The sides of the casing are perforated as
shown at 37 to allow the sound made by the bell to escape.
The counting mechanism may consist of the usual series of wheels 38 counting
units, tens, hundreds and thousands and these wheels are all operated by a simple
escapement jointed to the tail piece of the thumb lever: The escapement consists
of a lever 39 (shown to an enlarged scale in side and front view at Fig. 16)
fulcrumed at 43 in the jaw 44 of the frame of the counting mechanism and having
two arms 40, 41, one of which 41, is bent and inclined whilst the other 40 is slightly
bevelled or bent. These arms catch in pins or teeth 42 on the unit wheel of the
series. The lever is connected by a link 45 with the tail piece 10. Owing to the

page_text: peculiar shape of the escapement lever and to its arrangement, as shown, the counting
mechanism cannot be actuated until the lever 8 is fully depressed and the ticket
properly punched.
The cover plate 46 of the punch may have windows 47 in it through which the
counting mechanism indicates the number of tickets punched.
The door 6, which is hinged to the casing at 6, is capable of being locked by the
device 7 shown at Figs. 9 and 10. It consists of two bolts 48, 49 acted on by
springs 50 and capable of being simultaneously drawn together so as to unlock the
door by means of a key 51 shown in front and side view at Fig. 17. This key has
two projections 52 which catch in the recesses 53 of the bolts 48, 49. When the
door is shut the bolts, under the action of the springs 50, automatically lock
it. 54 is the keyhole and 55 the stud for the reception of the key. 56 are
guide pins.
The cover 46 is provided with catches 46" (Fig. 5) at its upper edge which catch
on to the casing and with a locking bar 57 at its lower edge. This bar 57, as shown
at Fig. 11 which is a part inside view of the casing looking towards the inside face
of the cover plate, is carried, by means of slots 58, upon screws 59 inserted in the
cover plate 46 and is capable of being slid backwards and forwards thereon by
means of the catch 60. When the bar is pulled towards the right (Fig. 11) the
pins 61 on the casing 1, which lie exactly opposite the recesses 62 of the bar 57
when the cover plate is unlocked, are forced to pass through the openings 62 into
the spaces, indicated in dotted lines at 63, left between the bar and the cover plate
so as to lock the cover plate to the casing as shown; but, when the bar is pushed
towards the left hand (Fig. 11) it is moved so that the recesses 62 come opposite the
pins 61 and enable the cover plate to be removed.
As an additional security, or in lieu of the locking device hereinbefore described,
the cover plate can be secured by screws 64, 65, the latter of which enters a hollow
stud 66 secured to the back of the casing.
The aforesaid punch mechanism has the special advantage, that, at the same time
as the punch makes a hole in the ticket, the tongue tears or cuts away the ticket at
the lower part of the hole, so, that, when the punching operation is completed, the
tongue is released, and, under the action of its spring, is caused to move so as to
relock the punch mechanism. In this manner an official is prevented from causing
the bell to sound more than once while punching a single ticket or of moving the
counting mechanism more than one point.
The mechanisin is also such that, as before described, before an official can ring
the bell or move the counting mechanism he must punch the ticket.
In order to prevent persons tampering with the punch after it is finished with for
the day, the punch mechanism can be locked by means of a sliding bar 68 (see Fig. 19)
secured movably to the inside of the cover plate by screws 70 and slots 71. The
upper end of this bar is provided with a pin 72 projecting out through a hole in the
cover plate 46 and with a pin 73 capable of resting on and locking the tongue 21.
The lower end of the bar is flexible and provided with a catch 74 capable of
gripping on the projection 75 secured to the cover plate. The bar 68 extends down
into the compartment 4 of the punch. When the mechanism is once locked by
merely pushing down the bar, by means of the pin 72, until its catch grips on the
projection 75, it cannot be unlocked again without first opening the door 6, then
releasing the catch 74 from the projection 75 (by pulling it back by means of the
eye 76) and then pushing back the bar to its original or unlocked position.
The punching mechanism can be used apart from the bell or the registering
mechanism.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
consider novel and desire to claim is:-
1. The combination, in punch mechanism, of a grooved puuch and a movable
tongue the point of which is capable of entering the groove of the punch so as to

page_text: tear away the ticket at the lower part of the hole, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
2. The punch mechanism consisting of the lever 8, the tail piece 10, the link 12,
the punch bar 13, the pin 25 or its equivalent, the punch 16, and the pivotted and
slotted tongue 21, all arranged and operating substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to the drawings annexed; or any mere modification of
this mechanism.
3. The combination of the punch mechanism as claimed in Claim 1 with
registering mechanism operated by an escapement lever actuated by the thumb
lever, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the drawings
annexed..
4. The bell mechanism consisting of the bell 27, the clapper lever 28, the stud 29
on which the lever is pivotted, the spring 30 and the tumbler 33 actuated by the
tail piece of the thumb lever all substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to the drawings annexed.
5. The general arrangement and combination of parts of the improved punch
substantially as herein before described and shown on the drawings annexed.
Dated thie 15th day of January 1907
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.