AN IMPROVED WAX LIGHT OR CANDLE STAND
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Pierre Bourchani, of Paris, French Empire, Rue
Geoffroy-Marie, 14, Gentleman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED WAX
LIGHT OR CANDLE STAND."
Sealed the 22nd March 1864, and dated the 28th September 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Pierre Bourchani at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
September 1863.
I, PIERRE BOURCHANI, of Paris, French Empire, Rue Geoffroy-Marie, 14,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED WAX LIGHT OF CANDLE STAND," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is an improved stand for candles of all descriptions,
by means of which the light is always maintained at a proper distance from the
shade surmounting the stand till it is burned out.
The mechanism for producing this is of very simple construction, and will be
readily understood by the following description:-The bottom of the candle
rests in a sort of socket, round the bottom of which, and in a groove for that
purpose, is a piece of india-rubber of sufficient length to pass up on each side
of the candle to nearly the top, and then over small rollers fixed at the top
of open tubes, down which the india-rubber passes, and at the bottom of which
it is fastened; the two tubes are fixed to a bottom piece, and the support
or socket for the bottom of the candle is held secure by a conical piece for that
purpose, fixed at the top of the tubes, to which also the support for the
shade is fixed.
To insert a new candle the socket is drawn down far enough to permit of
the candle being placed between it and the conical piece; as the candle burns

page_text: the tension of the india-rubber raises it, the light being thus always maintained
at the same distance from the shade.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Pierre Bourchani in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th March 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PIERRE
BOURCHANI, of Paris, French Empire, Rue Geoffroy-Marie, 14, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Pierre Bourchani, Her special licence that I, the said Pierre
Bourchani, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Pierre Bourchani, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
WAX LIGHT OR CANDLE STAND," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Pierre Bourchani, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Pierre Bourchani, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say:
The object of my Invention is an improved stand or holder for candles of all
descriptions, by means of which the light is maintained at a fixed distance
from the shade with which it is surmounted till burned out; the stand may
be either fitted to a candlestick, or serve as a candlestick itself; in the latter
case it is furnished with a bottom or rest of any approved form.
The mechanism for raising the candle is very simple and inexpensive, and

page_text: will be readily understood by the following description, reference being made
to the accompanying Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section, a, a, being vertical tubes, shown in detail,
Figs. 2 and 3; the tubes a, a, have an opening their entire length for the
purpose of allowing free passage to an india-rubber or other elastic cord c; b'is
a bottom piece, to which the tubes are fixed at a suitable distance apart, s
t, shown
in plan Fig. 4, and a bottom view Fig. 5; the candle h is maintained on the
socket d by a sharp pin g, the upper end being held by the conical piece k,
soldered to the tubes a, a, and surmounted by a shade holder m, the two ends
of which are fitted into the small holders 1, l. To the socket d a ring i is fixed,
this ring is furnished with a groove suitable for receiving the india-rubber
cord c above mentioned, and which after passing to nearly the top of the
candle is led over the small rollers e secured to the upper ends of the tubes a, a,
the two ends being fastened at the bottoms of the tubes; o is a socket for
fitting into a candlestick; n is the rest for the shade; the rest n can be of
sufficient strength to support a small kettle or other suitable contrivance for
heating liquids, as shown, Fig. 6, the bottom piece p may be of glass, and
ornamented in any way taste may suggest. Fig. 7 shows the system as
adapted to a bracket.
To insert a new candle the socket d is drawn down far enough to permit of
the candle being placed between it and the conical piece k; as the candle
burns the tension of the india-rubber raises it, the light being thus always
maintained at the same distance from the shade. In place of the two tubes a, a,
one may be used, which would envelope the candle. The dotted line, Fig. 7,
shows the shade replaced by a globe.
Having thus described my Invention, what I claim and desire to secure by
Letters Patent is, the peculiar arrangement of candle holder or stand, as above
described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pierre Bourchani, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
Witness,
J. CLAES,
18, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris,
Civil Engineer.
PIERRE BOURCHANI. (L.S.)