IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR WARMING WAWARA PROAL
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Deards of Harlow in the County of Essex for
an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR WARMING
WAWARA
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Deards at the Office
+
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th February 1883.
"
SAMUEL DEARDS of Harlow in the County of Essex, IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR WARMING HOUSES
"
My invention consists of improvements in the means or apparatus for warming
houses and has reference to arrangements in which the bars or other part of a fire
grate form part of a coil or system of hot water pipes for warming portions of the
house other than the apartment in which the fire grate is situated, or for warming"
an adjoining greenhouse or conservatory-One drawback of such arrangements as
hitherto carried out is that it is hardly possible to keep the fire alight throughout
the night without attention.
Now my invention consists in constructing behind the grate a supplementary.
flue or fire box which may communicate at its upper part with the ordinary flue
and in forming at the back of the grate or fire place a number of openings leading
into the said supplementary flue. The coil or system of pipes of which those in
the grate form part is led into and through the supplementary flue and this flue as
well as the ordinary flue is fitted with a damper or regulator which can be worked
by a handle at the front of the grate or otherwise.
During the daytime or when an ordinary open fire and flame are required the
damper in the ordinary flue is open and the damper in the other Blue closed. On
the other hand at night or at any other desired time the damper in the ordinary flue
is closed and the other one opened so that the draught is downwards through the
fire into the lower part of the supplementary flue. I extend the grate upwards by
a removable set of bars which I construct for the purpose so that by filling the
grate including this extension with fuel the fire will burn without attention for
some hours. For the purpose of allowing the heat in the supplementary flue to be
regulated I form an opening fitted with a valve in the bottom of this flue so that
in case the heat becomes too great air can be admitted directly thereto; the draught
through the fire will thus be proportionately diminished.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, and of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor, filed by the said Samuel Deards in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th August 1883...
SAMUEL DEARDS of Harlow in the County of Essex
MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR WARMING HOUSES
"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
My invention consists of improvements in the means or apparatus for warming
houses and has reference to arrangements in which the bars or other part of a fire
grate form part of a coil or system of hot water pipes for warming portions of the
house other than the apartment in which the fire grate is situated, or for warming
an adjoining greenhouse or conservatory. One drawback of such arrangements as
hitherto carried out is that it is hardly possible to keep the fire alight throughout
the night without attention.
Now my invention consists in constracting behind the grate a supplementary
Bue or fire box which may communicate at its upper part with the ordinary-flue,
and in forming at the back of the grate or fire place a number of openings leading
into the said supplementary flue. The coil or system of pipes of which those in
the grate form part is led into and through the supplementary flue and this flue as
well as the ordinary flue is fitted with a damper or regulator which can be worked
by a handle at the front of the grate or otherwise.
During the daytime or when an ordinary open fire and flame are required the
damper in the ordinary flue is open and the damper in the other flue closed. On
the other hand at night or any other desired time the damper in the ordinary flue
is closed and the other one opened so that the draught is downwards through the
fire into the lower part of the supplementary flue. For the purpose of enabling a
sufficient supply of fuel to maintain the fire for some hours to be contained in the
apparatus I may either extend the grate upwards by a removable set of bars which
is made to fit above the fixed grate, or I may fit to the upper part of the fire place
a plate which can be drawn down so as to enclose the space above the grate; this
plate should have an opening or door through which the fuel can be introduced.
For the purpose of allowing the heat in the supplementary flue to be regulated
I form an opening fitted with a valve in the bottom of this flue so that in case the
heat becomes too great air can be admitted directly thereto; the draught through
the fire will thus be proportionately diminished.
Figure 1 of the annexed drawings is a front elevation. Figure 2 a side elevation,
and Figure 3 a transverse section of an apparatus constructed according to my
invention. a is the fire grate the bars of which are hollow and form part of a coil
or system of hot water pipes for warming other parts of the house or a greenhouse
or conservatory. b is the ordinary flue from the fire place and c is a damper or
regulator to the same worked by a handle d. Behind the grate is a supplementary
flue or fire box e which may either communicate with the flue b as shown or with
other suitable outlet, the communication being regulated by a damper ƒ worked by
a handle g. In the back of the fire place are a number of openings & leading
into the supplementary fiue e. The coil of pipes a which forms the grate extends
into the supplementary flue e as shown.
When the damper c is open and the damper f closed (as seen in the figures) the
smoke and products of combustion pass into the ordinary flue 6 in the usual way.
When on the other hand the damper o is closed and the damper f opened the
draught is downwards through the fire the products of combustion passing through
the openings i into the supplementary flue or fire box e and thence to the ordinary
flue b.
There is an opening in the bottom of the flue e fitted with a valve k which is

page_text: worked by a handle so that in case the heat in the supplementary flue e becomes
too great air can be admitted directly thereto and the draught through the fire be
proportionately diminished.
I have shown in dotted lines a sliding plate which can be drawn down so as to
enclose the space above the grate and thus allow of a supply of fuel sufficient for
some hours to be contained in the apparatus; or a removable set of bars as herein-
before described can be used instead of this plate as will be readily understood.
Having now described the nature of my said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that I claim :-
First In means or apparatus for warming houses by a coil or system of hot
water pipes of which the bars or part of a fire grate form part,-constructing
behind the grate a supplementary flue or fire box and forming in the back of the
grate a number of openings leading into the said supplementary flue and com-
bining therewith means whereby the products of combustion may be caused to pass
as required either direct into the ordinary flue or into the supplementary flue or
fire box substantially as herein before described and represented in the annexed
drawings.
Second-In combination with the apparatus or arrangement claimed in the
first claim, the opening fitted with a valve at the bottom of the supplementary flue
or fire box substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
Third-Constructing apparatus for warming houses as hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof I the said Samuel Deards have hereunto set my hand and
seal this tenth day of August, One thousand eight hundred and eighty three
QUUTTE