such like Works in Deep Water.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 12th June, 1886.
Complete Left, 14th Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 15th Apr., 1887.
and such like Works in Deep Water.
RICHARD JAMES HARRIS SAUNDERS Civil Engineer M.I.C.E. White House
Reculver Herne Bay Kent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention consists in an improved method of constructing the foundations of
Weirs, Dams, and other such like works, by means of which the bottom of the channel
or breach is secured against scouring and deepening during the formation of the Weir,
Dam, and such like works so that piles or other materials may be safely & success-
fully used as required in the construction, without endangering the foundations.
I fix a row of short piles or standards (grooved or otherwise prepared to receive
iron sheeting) so as to bring the top of the piles or standards to a regular level above
the bottom of and along the whole width of the channel or breach, I then fill in
between the piles or standards with corrugated or other sheet iron (with angle iron
fixed for strengthening the top edge, and to facilitate the fastening of each layer of
sheeting together) fitting and fastening the same into grooves, (or other mode of
fastening,) in the piles or standards, the sheeting to be finished to the same level as
the top of the short piles or standards, I then at once deposit from barges or otherwise
any suitable material available for making the embankment until it is raised to the
level of the top edge of the iron sheeting and of sufficient width to form proper
slopes.
I then set up and securely fix a second row or set of short piles or standards on the
top of those first fixed, and fit between them, iron sheeting, with angle iron to both
top and bottom edge, securing the bottom angle iron of the second row of sheeting to
the angle iron at the top of the first row, and as soon as the second row of piles &
sheeting is completed, I fill in as before up to the level of the top of the second layer
of piles & sheeting.
In the same manner I proceed to add any number of rows or layers until the
embankment is brought up to a convenient height for completing the embankment of
the Weir, Dam, or other such like work, in the usual way.
Dated this Tonth day of Inno 1886
R. J. H. SAUNDERS.

page_text: and such like Works in Deep Water.
I, RICHARD JAMES HARRIS SAUNDERS, Civil Engineer M.I.C.E. of White House
Reculver, Herne Bay, in the county of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists in an improved method of constructing the foundations of
weirs, dams, and like works by means of which the bottom of the channel or
breach is secured against scouring and deepening during the formation of the weir,
dam, or the like, so that piles or other materials may be safely and successfully used
as required in the construction without endangering the foundations.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe how the same
can be carried into practical effect by reference to the accompanying drawing in which
figure 1 represents a plan, figure 2 a longitudinal section, and figure 3 a transverse
section of a portion of the bottom of a channel or breach illustrating my method of
constructing the foundations of weirs, dams, banks, or other like works. Similar
letters in all the figures represent similar parts.
In carrying out my invention I first secure the abutments in any known manner
and I then fix a row of short piles or standards a, a, a, grooved longitudinally and
placed at convenient regular distances apart so as to bring the top of the piles or
standards as nearly as possible to one level above the bottom and along the whole
width (between the abutments) of the channel or breach; the top of each pile or
standard a, is provided with a flange or other suitable means whereby it can be fixed
to the pile or standard next above it as hereinafter described. I then fill in between
the piles or standards corrugated or other sheets b, b, b, of iron up to the level of the
top of the piles or standards, the said sheets being placed and fastened into the grooves
in the piles or standards a, a, a; the sheets b, b, b, are provided with angle iron
rivetted on their top edges. I then deposit from barges, or otherwise, concrete, stone,
gravel, chalk, clay, sand, or any suitable material available for making the embank-
ment until it is raised to the level of the top edge of the piles a, a, and plates b, b, (as
illustrated in figure 3) and thoroughly backed up against both sides of the iron
sheeting and having a sufficient slope according to the nature of the material used and
of the work required to be constructed.
I then set up and securely fix a second row or set of short piles or standards a¹, a², a¹,
on the top of those first fixed, by rivetting the flanges on the top of the piles or
standards a, a, a, to those on one of the ends of the piles or standards a¹, a¹, a¹, which
are provided with such flanges at both ends (or other suitable means of fastening
can be provided). I then place between the piles or standards a¹, a¹, a¹, iron
sheeting 6, 6, 6, in a similar manner to that hereinbefore described and provided
with angle iron on both edges; I secure the said angle iron on the bottom edge of the

page_text: sheets 61, 61, 61, to that of the top edge of the sheets b, b, b, by screw-bolts or otherwise,
and as soon as the second row of piles a', a', a', and sheeting 61, 62, 61, is completed
across the whole width of the channel or breach I fill in as before with suitable
materials to form a solid embankment up to the level of the top of the second layer of
piles and sheeting, again taking care that the embankment is made up with proper
slopes and thoroughly consolidated against both sides of the sheeting and piles.
In the same manner I proceed to add any required number of rows or layers of
piles or standards and iron sheeting a², a³, aª, and b³, b³, 6, and so on until the work
is brought up to a convenient height for completing the embankment, weir, dam, or
other such like work in the usual way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
The improved method of constructing the foundations of weirs, dams, and such like
works substantially as hereinbefore described.