MENTS IN UMBRELLA FRAMES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, FREDERICK ARTHUR ELLIS, of 21 Hill Street, Peckham, in the County of
IMPROVE-
Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
MENTS IN UMBRELLA FRAMES to be as follows:-
"
My invention relates to improvements in the methods of attachment of the ribs
and stretchers of an umbrella frame, and is designed to enable the said improved
umbrella frame to fold together in closer compass than heretofore.
My improvement consists in a novel method of jointing the stretcher to the
middle of the rib, and the ends of the rib and stretcher respectively to the top
notch and runner, the said joints being so constructed as to co-act to allow the
frame to fold closely together.
For the attachment of the top end of the stretcher to the middle of the rib, I
employ a piece of metal, which is securely attached to the body of the rib and thus
forms a sufficient hold-fast for the pin passing through the head of the stretcher.
form in a
This piece of metal so attached as a "git" to the middle of the rib,
special and novel manner, so that one or more parts of the piece may be folded
over and rivetted into the inside of the trough or channel rib, whilst the lugs of
the said piece or "git," which form the hold fasts or eye for the pin passing
through the eye of the stretcher, are formed above or below or between the said
part or parts of the "git," which are provided for rivetting into the rib, the pin
being thus brought as close as may be desired down into the body of the rib.
To form the top end of the stretcher where it is attached to this "git," I may fit
over it an additional fork piece outside the end of the stretcher, or I may obtain a
similar double fork joint by inserting a solid piece within the hollow of the said
trough or channel stretcher, and securely attaching it thereto as hereinafter
described, whilst the outside parts of the said stretcher are divided, and form the
exterior parts of the said double fork.
To affix the inner piece in the end of the stretcher, I form a notch at the front
end of the piece, so that it beds down on the end of the stretcher, the body of the
middle piece filling up the channel or trough of the stretcher and being turned
round on the top edge, with the exception of the extreme end, to allow the edges
of the trough stretcher to fold over it and be swaged down upon it to hold it
securely in place.

page_text: I further propose to make the channel of the rib rather larger than that of the
stretcher, the round of the stretcher being presented to the channel of this rib, so
that the stretcher can lie within the channel of the rib when folded up, my special
joint at the "git" or middle of the rib enabling the whole of the stretcher to lie
much closer to the rib than heretofore.
To form the top joint of the rib I insert into the top of the rib and securely
attach thereto a piece of flat looped metal forming an eye, which has its greatest
depth parallel to the stick instead of perpendicular to it. I attach this eye by a
pin to another forked piece of metal in which the greatest dimension of the metal
is maintained parallel to the stick, and which may be secured to the "top notch "
by the usual binding wire the aforesaid forked pieces being let into slots provided
in the rim of the said "top notch," and secured therein by the usual binding wire.
Or the said forked pieces may be bound by a binding wire direct to the top of the
stick, the usual "top notch" in such case being dispensed with.
I provide an exactly similar flat joint and hinged forked piece at the bottom end
of the stretcher where attachment is made to the runner.

page_text: Improvements in Umbrella Frames.
I, FREDERICK ARTHUR ELLIS, late of 21 Hill Street, Peckham, but now of
77 Glengarry Road, East Dulwich, both in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in the methods of attachment of the ribs
and stretchers of an umbrella frame, and is designed to enable the said improved
umbrella frame to fold together in a closer compass than heretofore.
My improvement consists in a novel method of jointing the stretcher to the
middle of the rib, and the end of the rib and other end of the stretcher respectively
to the top notch and runner, the said joints being so constructed as to co-act and
the frame to fold closely together.
In order that my invention may be the better understood, I now proceed to
describe the same in relation to the drawings hereunto annexed, reference being
had to the letters and figures marked thereon.
Like letters refer to like parts throughout the drawings.
Figure 1 is a general view of my improved rib and stretcher attached to one
another by a "git" and to the top notch and runner respectively-partly open.
Figure 2 shows the same closed in smallest compass.
Figure 3 shows enlarged details of the "git" or joint on the rib and attaching
joint or stretcher, together and apart, and modification of same.
Figure 4 shows enlarged details of the joint at the end of the rib and stretcher
respectively, together and apart.
For the attachment of the top end of the stretcher A to the middle of the rib B
I employ or insert a piece of metal C, which is securely attached to the body of
the rib B, and thus forms a sufficient holdfast for the pin passing through the head
of the stretcher. This piece of metal C is shown developed in the flat in figure 3,
and to attach the same as a "git" to the middle of the rib, the said piece of metal
is folded round the rib, and the two wings D D are folded into the trough or
channel of the rib and rivetted or swaged therein, whilst the lugs E E of the
said piece or "git" form the holdfasts or eye for the pin passing through the eye
of the stretcher. They may be formed above or below or between the said part
or parts D of the "git," which are provided for rivetting into the channel of the
rib. The pin through the eye of the stretcher is thus brought as close as may be
desired down into the body of the rib.
To form the top end of the stretcher where it is rivetted to this git, I may insert
a solid piece of metal F (figure 3) into the hollow of the trough or channel of the
said stretcher A and securely attached thereto, as hereinafter described, the outside
parts G G of the said stretcher being divided to form the exterior parts of a
double fork.
Or, I may fit over the end of the stretcher A an additional fork piece H,
igure 3, outside, so as similarly to obtain a double fork joint for the end of the
stretcher.

page_text: To affix the inner piece of solid metal F in the end of the stretcher, I form
a notch K in the front end of the piece, so that it beds down on the end of
the stretcher, the body of the metal piece F filling up the channel or trough of the
stretcher, and being turned round on the top edge, to allow the edges of the trough
stretcher to fold over it, and be swaged down upon it, to hold it securely in place.
I further propose to make the channel of tho rib B rather larger than that of
the stretcher A, the round of the stretcher being presented to the channel of this
rib, so that the stretcher, when the umbrella is closed, can lie partly within the
channel of the rib (as in figure 3) my special joint at the "git" or middle of the
rib enabling the whole of the stretcher to lie much closer to the rib than
heretofore.
To form the top joint of the rib, I insert into the top of the rib, and securely
attach thereto, a piece of flat looped metal L, figure 4, forming an eye, which has
its greatest depth parallel to the surface of the stick, instead of perpendicular to it,
as has been usual. I attach this eye by a pin to another forked piece of metal M,
figure 4, in which the greatest dimension of the metal is also maintained parallel
to the stick, and which may be secured to the top notch N by the usual binding
wire, the aforesaid forked piece being let into slots provided in the rim of the said
top notch, and secured therein by the usual binding wire. Or the said. fork
pieces M may be bound by a binding wire direct to the top of the stick, the usual
top notch in such case being dispensed with.
I provide an exactly similar flat joint and hinged fork piece at the bottom end
of the stretcher A where attachment is made to the runner P, figure 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
"
1st. The construction of a 'git" or ribbed joint in an umbrella made from a
specially formed piece of metal rivetted thereon, the rivetting attachment being
made at a point above or below the part through which the joint pin passes,
substantially as and for the purposes specified.
2nd The construction of the stretcher joint in the form of a double fork to be
jointed to the said "git," either with a piece of metal rivetted or swaged within
the trough of the stretcher, or by a fork rivetted outside said stretcher, substan-
tially as and for the purposes described.
3rd The construction of the joint at the end of the rib and stretcher respectively,
by the insertion of a looped piece of metal into the trough of the said rib and
stretcher, the greatest dimensions of the said joint being maintained parallel to
the surface of the stick, substantially as and for the purposes described.
4th The combination with the flat eye at the end of the rib and stretcher as
described in claim 3 of a flat eye piece for attachment by binding wire either to
the top notch, stick, or runner, substantially as and for the purposes described.
Dated this 11th day of Tanuary 1886
FELL & WILDING,
Agents for the Applicant.