Year: 1887

page_text: I GUILLERMO ANTONIO FARINI of No. 2 Vernon Place, Bloomsbury in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to improvements in the permanent way of railways the
object being to construct a solid and durable way and to dispense with sleepers.
As at present constructed the lines are bolted and laid in receptacles called
"Chairs "which Chairs are bolted on to logs of wood or metal termed "Sleepers"
and the joints of the lines are bolted and clamped together by means of fish plates.
I will now describe my improvements in the permanent way of railways. Instead
of the sleepers and chairs at present in use I provide a way of rolled steel or other
metal in two parts the rail in each part being rolled all of a piece with the said
division of the permanent way.
In order to more particularly illustrate the Invention I will describe a section of
say 36 feet of one line of rails.
The rail and support or permanent way is of one piece of steel or other metal so
that the metal covers the whole of the ground; each piece and the rail touching one
another and being bolted together.
The rail part projects over and is cut away at each end in order to lap on to the
next rail and form a good joint. This joint is strengthened by means of the plates at
present in use if necessary.
The sides of this steel way are turned downwards and are pressed or fixed in any
convenient manner in the ground to prevent any movement. These turned down
parts of each portion of the lines are bolted or fastened together in any convenient
or desired manner.
According to a modification instead of the permanent way as above described it

page_text: may be corrugated or fluted and a socket or chair is formed or rolled therein of
wedge shape for reception of the rail which will be laid and bolted therein. By
these means the rail may be removed in case of necessity for renewal. Or the
permanent way may be made with an arm running its whole length to receive one
side of the rail which is made to fit. The rail will be slid into this arm and on the
opposite side are plates screwed on the steel way and bolted to the rail and the arm
above mentioned or the rail may be simply bolted to the said arm. Or two flanges
running the whole length of the steel bed or way which is divided into two pieces
are provided to fit each side of the rail and be tightly screwed to it. The shoulders
catching in the groove of the rail and a shoulder is provided holding it as solid as
if it was one piece.
The Invention is shown in the accompanying sheet of drawings reference being
had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figs. 1 and 2 are plans of permanent way showing the rail rolled of a piece with
the bed or way and also showing the means of joining the rails and parts together.
Figs. 3, 3, 3b, 3c end views showing turned down ends fixed in the ground and
means of securing same together.
Fig. 4 shows corrugated or fluted way the line being in position.
Figs. 4" and 4" end views of rail in socket and out of socket.
Fig. 5 shows one means of fastening the ordinary rails in position on this improved
permanent way.
Fig. 6 like view of another means of fastening.
Figs. 5 and 6 show a means of joining the ends together.
The whole of the permanent way may be flat or corrugated if desired.
Fig. 5ª is like view to Fig. 5 partly in perspective and showing a narrower
permanent way which are joined to one another by bars stretching from one part to
the other.
Fig. 6 shows the improved joint for the rails.
Fig. 7 the narrower permanent way showing the ground in between for using the
rails now in use. Ears or lugs serving as chains being cut out of the solid way and
turned up the rail being slid therein.
A is the steel or other metal way. B the rail rolled of a piece with the permanent
way A and having a portion cut away or left as at C for forming the joint.
D the turned down sides for fixing the way in the ground. d d' are the bolt holes
and d d in Figs. 3 and 3ª are another means of fastening the sides of each portion
of the permanent way together.
According to a modification shown in Figs. 4, 4* and 4 the permanent way
made corrugated or fluted as at E with a deep groove therein at F for reception of
the rail F as shown.
This rail F¹ is dropped into the groove F and bolted therein for purpose of renewal
if necessary.
In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and 6 the rails are joined together
at C and may be held more firmly in position by means of the plates ordinarily in
use. By use of this joint the unpleasant jolting when the train goes over the joint
is obviated as they are halved together leaving a shoulder of the one part at the
bottom of the rail to support the half of the other part of the rail as at h Fig. 6ª.
In Fig. 5 is shown a construction of this permanent way for using the present
class of rails and consists of an arni G rolled of a piece with the permanent way and
along the whole length thereof to fit one side of the rail. The rail will be slid up
against this arm and bolted in position by means of bolts g. Or as shown in Fig. 6
two of these arms G, G¹ may be used and the permanent way will be divided
at H so that they can be forced apart and the rail placed in position.
The rail will then be bolted in these arms and the permanent way will be drawn
together.
By the use of this improved construction of permanent way a saving in the cost
of maintenance will be obtained as this solid permanent way is almost imperishable.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
Firstly. A permanent way constructed as herein described whereby the use of
sleepers and chairs are obviated.
Secondly. A permanent way rolled in two sections joined in the centre whereby
the present rails can be used without the aid of sleepers.
Thirdly. A permanent steel or iron way rolled in two sections with grooves to
receive a specially constructed rail for purpose of renewal when worn out without
removing the permanent way.
HUGHES & SON,
5, Chancery Lane, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.