Improvements in the Electrolysis of Iodides, Bromides, Nitrates, and other Salts.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 21st July, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Apr., 1894-Accepted, 21st July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Electrolysis of Iodides, Bromides, Nitrates,
and other Salts.
We, JAMES HARGREAVES, of Farnworth-in-Widnes, in the County of
Lancaster, Chemical Engineer, and THOMAS BIRD, of Cressington, near
Liverpool, in the same county, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the decomposition of iodides, bromides, nitrates and
other salts by the electrolytic method, and consists in the employment of apparatus
of the kind described in our Specification No. 18,871 of 1892 for use in the
manufacture of alkali.
An
In the aforesaid Specification is described an electrolytic cell comprising a
porous diaphragm having on one side an anode immersed in the electrolyte, and on
the other side a cathode formed of wire gauze or other suitable permeable material,
the cathode thus forming the boundary of the electrolytic cell, and the alkali being
yielded upon, and readily collected from, the external surface thereof.
electrolytic cell of this kind, in which the surface of the cathode whereon the
cation is yielded is not immersed in liquid, is specially appropriate for use where it
is desired to subject the cation as it is formed to the action of carbonic acid gas
or other gas, according to the chemical change desired to be effected or the product
to be obtained.
We have found that an electrolytic apparatus of the kind above referred to, or
of an analogous kind in which the anode may be similarly exposed, is applicable
for use in the decomposition of various substances besides sodium chloride,
potassium chloride, etc. For example, iodides, bromides and nitrates may be
decomposed in a similar manner, and iodine, bromine and nitric acid obtained.
Many other substances may be similarly treated. For such purposes, the arrange-
ment of the apparatus may be modified in such a manner as to expose the anode,
the iodine or corresponding product being yielded from that electrode. Or both
electrodes may be exposed, the electrolyte being arranged in the intermediate space
between diaphragms.
Dated the 21st day of July 1893.
G. G. M. HARDINGHAM,
191, Fleet Street, London, E.C., Chartered Patent Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Electrolysis of Iodides, Bromides, Nitrates,
and other Salts.
We, JAMES HARGREAVES, of Farnworth-in-Widnes, in the County of
Lancaster, Chemical Engineer, and THOMAS BIRD, of Cressington, near
Liverpool, in the same county, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the decomposition of iodides, bromides, nitrates and
other salts by the electrolytic method, and consists in the employment of apparatus
Price 8d.1

page_text: of the kind described in the Specification to our Letters Patent No. 18,871 of 1892
for use in the manufacture of alkali.
An
In the aforesaid Specification is described an electrolytic cell comprising a
porous diaphragm having on one side an anode immersed in the electrolyte, and on
the other side a cathode formed of wire gauze or other suitable permeable material,
the cathode thus forming the boundary of the electrolytic cell, and the alkali being
yielded upon, and readily collected from, the external surface thereof.
electrolytic cell of this kind, in which the surface of the cathode whereon the
cation is yielded is not immersed in liquid, is specially appropriate for use where it
is desired to subject the cation as it is formed to the action of carbonic acid gas or
other gas, according to the chemical change desired to be effected or the product to
be obtained.
We have found that an electrolytic apparatus of the kind above referred to, or
of an analogous kind in which the anode may be similarly exposed, is applicable
for use in the decomposition of various substances besides sodium chloride,
potassium chloride, etc. For example, iodides, bromides and nitrates may be
decomposed in a similar manner, and iodine, bromine and nitric acid obtained.
Many other substances may be similarly treated. For such purposes, the arrange-
ment of the apparatus may be modified in such a manner as to expose the anode,
the iodine or corresponding product being yielded from that electrode. Or both
electrodes may be exposed, the electrolyte being arranged in the intermediate space
between diaphragms.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we claim :-
1. In the production of substances other than alkalies by the electrolytic method,
the employment of a cell having an uusubmerged permeable or perforated cathode
as a boundary for the electrolyte.
2. In the production of substances other than alkalies by the electrolytic method,
the employment of a ceil having a combined porous diaphragm and permeable or
perforated cathode as a boundary for the electrolyte, the surface whereon the cation
or derivative product is yielded being unsubmerged.
3. In the production of substances other than alkalies by the electrolytic method,
the employment of a cell having a combined porous diaphragm and permeable or
perforated cathode as a boundary for the electrolyte, the cation or derivative
product being yielded on the exposed surface of the cathode and removed therefrom
by means of steam or vapour or a spray or jet of liquid.
Dated the 17th day of Anil 1804
Dated the 17th
7th day of April 1804
For the Applicants,
G. G. M. HARDINGHAM,
191, Fleet Street, London, E.C., Chartered Patent Agent.