IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DEODORIZING FOUL AIR
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Forsyth Johnstone of Belvedere in the County of
Kent Chemical and Manure Manufacturer for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DEODORIZING FOUL AIR"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Forsyth Johnstone
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th November 1883.
JOHN FORSYTH JOHNSTONE of Belvedere in the County of Kent Chemical
and Manure Manufacturer "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DEODORIZING
FOUL AIR
"
This invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for deodorizing foul
air or gas and is especially applicable for deodorizing foul air or gas drawn off from
drying apparatus used for drying refuse fish or other refuse animal matter such as
is described in the specification of a former Patent granted to me N° 4203 in the
year 1882.
When apparatus of this kind is used for drying refuse animal matter, the gases
and vapours produced are drawn off from the apparatus by means of a fan and the
vapours so drawn off can be cooled and condensed by a spray of water or otherwise
and so prevented from escaping into the outer air. In this way the passing off of
offensive smells arising from the drying of refuse matter is to a large extent
obviated but as the gases admixed with the air accompanying these vapours are
not capable of being condensed a certain amount of offensive smell still remains and
the main object of this invention is to purify the outgoing stream of air from these
smells.
For this purpose I cause the foul-air and gas to be driven by the fan into a small
chamber in which is a wheel similar to a paddle wheel. The stream of air and gas
as it enters the chamber is caused to impinge against the blades of the wheel and
thereby cause the wheel to revolve rapidly.
Deodorizing liquid is admitted gradually to the chamber at the top from a cistern
placed above it; the liquid so dropped into the chamber is reduced to spray by the
action of the paddle so that the whole interior of the casing becomes permeated
with spray; the foul air is therefore brought into intimate contact with the

page_text: deodorizing liquid and completely deodorized. It is allowed to pass from an opening
near the bottom of the chamber into a vertical chimney or passage so that any
liquid carried by the stream of air into the chimney and deposited against its sides
can flow back into the chamber.
The liquid is allowed to collect at the bottom of the chamber and is kept at a
uniform level by means of a siphon overflow trap by which excess of liquid can
pass away.
As the wheel revolves its paddle blades dip into the liquid collected at the bottom
of the chamber and as they strike rapidly against it drive it into spray.
The outer edges of the paddle blades are made serrated so that the blades as they
strike the liquid at the bottom of the chamber may enter the liquid gradually.
The wheel is made approximately of the same diameter as the chamber in which
it is placed, preferably however a small space is left between the periphery of the
wheel and the side of the chamber from which the outlet passage is led away.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Forsyth Johnstone in the Patent Office on the 14th May
1884.
JOHN FORSYTH JOHNSTONE of Belvedere in the County of Kent Chemical
and Manure Manufacturer "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DEODORIZING
FOUL AIR
"
This invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for deodorizing foul
air or gas and is especially applicable for deodorizing foul air or gas drawn off from
drying apparatus used for drying refuse fish or other refuse animal matter such as
is described in the specification of a former Patent granted to me N° 4203 in the.
year 1882,
When apparatus of this kind is used for drying refuse animal matter the gases
and vapours produced are drawn off from the apparatus by means of a fan and the
vapours so drawn off can be cooled and condensed by a spray of water or otherwise
and so prevented from escaping into the outer air. In this way the passing off of
offensive smells arising from the drying of refuse matter is to a large extent
obviated but as the gases admixed with the air accompanying these vapours are
not capable of being condensed a certain amount of offensive smell still remains
and the main object of this invention is to purify the outgoing stream of air from
these smells.
°
For this purpose I cause the foul air and gas to be driven by the fan into a small
chamber in which is a wheel similar to a paddle wheel. The stream of air and gas
as it enters the chamber is caused to impinge against the blades of the wheel and
thereby cause the wheel to revolve rapidly.
Deodorizing liquid is admitted gradually to the chamber at the top from a cistern
placed above it; the liquid so dropped into the chamber is reduced to spray by the
action of the paddle so that the whole interior of the casing becomes permeated
with spray the foul air is therefore brought into intimate contact with the
deodorizing liquid and completely deodorized. It is allowed to pass off from an
opening near the bottom of the chamber into a vertical chimney or passage so that
any liquid carried by the stream of air into the chimney and deposited against its
sides can flow back into the chamber.
The liquid is allowed to collect at the bottom of the chamber and is kept at a
uniform level by means of a siphon overflow trap by which excess of liquid can
pass away.
As the wheel revolves its paddle blades dip into the liquid collected at the bottom
of the chamber and as they strike rapidly against it drive it into spray.
The outer edges of the paddle blades are made serrated so that the blades as they
strike the liquid at the bottom of the chamber may enter the liquid gradually.
The wheel is made approximately of the same diameter as the chamber in which
it is placed-preferably however a small space is left between the periphery of the
wheel and the side of the chamber from which the outlet passage is led away.
In the Drawings hereunto annexed I have shewn a closed chamber containing a
small quantity of deodorizing liquid and having mounted within it a paddle wheel
which dips into the liquid and which when revolved fills the chamber with a
spray of the liquid through which the air to be deodorized has to pass as above
described.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the apparatus and Figure 2 a cross section.
A is the closed chamber and B the spindle carrying a number of paddle
blades B× which are preferably serrated on their outer edge as shown. C' is the

page_text: inlet for foul air situated at one side of the chamber and D the outlet formed in the
opposite side of the chamber the upward bend of the outlet pipe is not shewn in
the drawing but as above stated it is preferred to lead away this pipe in an upward
direction so that any liquid settling in it may run back into the chamber. E is a
small pipe fitted with a tap by which deodorizing liquid can be admitted to the
chamber.
A small pipe not shown in the drawing is as above stated also led off from near
the bottom of the chamber to a syphon trap or bend to maintain a uniform level of
liquid at the bottom of the chamber.
F is an opening in the top of the chamber covered over with a cover preferably
of glass or glazed. In some cases where it may be desired to drive the wheel at a
high speed or in which the incoming current of foul air is not strong enough to
drive the wheel at the speed required I fix upon the spindle B of the paddle wheel
a small driving pulley G by which the wheel may be driven-the spindle need not
however in all cases be fitted with such a driving pulley.
The foul air admixed with vapours and gases which is drawn off by means of a
fan from the drying apparatus is as above stated first to be cooled by a spray of
water or otherwise to, for the most part, condense the vapours which are admixed
with the air.
The stream of air and gas forced forward by the fan is then made to enter the
chamber A and to impinge against the paddle blades so as to cause them to revolve
rapidly and by striking against the liquid at the bottom of the chamber fill the
chamber with spray through which the air has to permeate before it can escape by
the outlet D
Having thus described the nature of my invention and the manner of
performing the same I would have it understood that I claim the combination of
apparatus for deodorizing foul air substantially as hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof I the said John Forsyth Johnstone have hereunto set my
hand and seal this thirteenth day of May in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty four.
TATT
TATTOOIN