IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Nuttall, of Walmersley, near Bury, in the
County of Lancaster, Pattern Designer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 28th May 1867, and dated the 3rd December 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Nuttall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
December 1866.
I, JAMES NUTTALL, of Walmersley, near Bury, in the County of Lancaster,
Pattern Designer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in a jacquard treading motion with one or more
rows of needles, each needle having two eyes to admit of two hooks. The
hooks are connected to the jacks one on each side and at an equal distance
from the centre or pin of the jacks. The needles are acted on by springs at
one end and at the other end by lags and pegs revolving round a cylinder, to
one end of which is fixed a bevel star wheel and turned by a bevel inter-
mittent wheel on an upright shaft driven by bevel wheels, to which motion is
given from the crank shaft. The hooks are lifted by a grife, one end of
which draws the shafts up and the other end draws the shafts down. The
grife being lifted by an eccentric on the crank shaft or with the crank also in.

page_text: a tappet treading motion with one, two, or more picks to the round, the risers
on the tappet plates are used as both risers and fallers. The treadles being
acted on by lags and pegs revolving round a cylinder with a star wheel at one
end, and turned by the tappet wheel which is made intermittent, and to which
motion is given from the pinion wheel on the crank shaft; and for those
shafts that have to fall there are pegs in the lag to hold the treadle bowls
above the points of the risers, and for the other shafts that have to rise there
are no pegs in the lag, consequently the treadle bowls go under the points of
the risers; also in doubling the first-mentioned "jacquard treading motion,"
whereby I am enabled to run the loom at a greater velocity.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Nuttall in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st
June 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
NUTTALL, of Walmersley, near Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Pattern
Designer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
James Nuttall, Her special license that I, the said James Nuttall, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Nuttall, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Nuttall,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Nuttall, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):--
My Invention consists, first, of an improved jacquard treading motion
which may be used either single or double; and, secondly, of an improved
tappet treading motion.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying two Sheets
of Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
On Sheet 1, Figure 1 is a front view, partly in section, of my improved
jacquard treading motion, and of part of the loom to which it is applied;
Figure 2 is an end view of the same.
a represents the crank shaft of the loom, 6 the tappet shaft, and c a part of
the framing; to the crank shaft a is fixed the spur wheel a' gearing into the
wheel d, to the face of which is fixed or cast the eccentric or cam d for
working the grife e of the jacquard apparatus. To the back of the wheel d
is also cast or fixed the mitre pinion d gearing into a similar pinion at the
lower end of the upright shaft f, to the upper end of which is fixed the bevel
intermittent wheel f¹ gearing into the bevel star wheel g' fixed on the axle of
the jacquard cylinder g; the chain of lags with pegs h passes around the
cylinder g and over the cylinder i, the axle of which is supported in the guide
rails. The pegs on the chain h act on the bent ends of the needles j,
through each of which pass two of the hooks k, the lower ends of which are
connected to the jacks which oscillate on the fulcrum shaft ; to the inner
ends of the jacks are suspended the heddles 1, and the outer ends of the
jacks are connected by cords to the bottom jacks in the usual manner.
l
grife e is worked up and down by the cam d acting on the bowl m mounted
on a stud projecting from the rod m', the upper end of which is jointed to
the lever m² fixed to the shaft m³, to which is also fixed the lever m' which is
connected by the rods m³ to the grife. The needles ; after having been
pushed forward by the pegs of the chain h are brought back by springs in the
spring box, as in ordinary jacquard engines.
The
The mode of operation is as follows:-When the selected needles have
been acted upon by the pegs in the chain h the corresponding hooks kare
pushed over the right-hand rail of the grife e and beyond the reach of the
left-hand rail, but the needles that are not actuated by the chain h and remain
in position leave the corresponding hooks over the left-hand rail of the grife,
and beyond the reach of the right-hand rail, consequently when the grife
rises part of the hooks are raised by the left-hand rail and the remainder by
he right-hand rail, thereby lifting some of the jacks and heddles and depressing

page_text: the others to form the shed. After every shed has been made the jacks
resume their horizontal position, and the hooks and .needles are ready to be
again acted upon when the cylinder ġ has been moved partly round to bring
another lag of the chain into operation.
On Sheet 2, Figure 3 is an end elevation, and Figure 4 a front view of a
loom to which my improved double jacquard treading motion is applied
In
whereby the loom may be worked at a greater velocity than heretofore.
these views the parts are marked with letters of reference corresponding to
those used in Figures 1 and 2, and the top jacks and bottom jacks n are
In this arrangement
connected by toothed segments, as shewn in Figure 4.
the mitre pinion de drives the shaft f, and this shaft gives motion simul-
taneously to the jacquard cylinders g at each end of the loom by the cross
shaft and the mitre pinions shewn in Figure 4.
The grifes e of the jacquards are moved alternately up and down by means
of the eccentric d, the rod m', levers m² and m, which are fixed on the centre
shaft m³. In this arrangement the up or down motion of the jacks at one
side of-the-loom is communicated to the corresponding jacks at the other
side, and the heddles are thus raised and lowered according to the sheds
required.
are
a is the
Figure 5 is an elevation of my improved tappet treading motion.
crank shaft, and a¹ a pinion fixed to it; this pinion gears into the wheel x
fixed to the same shaft as the series of tappet plates a¹, each half of which
can act as a riser or faller; in the face of the front plate of the tappets
two pins for giving an intermittent motion to the star wheel y, to which is
cast or fixed the drum y' for the chain of lags and pegs y² passing around it;
the pegs in this chain act on the treadles z, the bowls from which enter into
the grooves of the tappet plates a¹; the treadles z are connected to the usual
shafts or beddles. When the loom is at work every half revolution of the
crank shaft moves the chain y² one link, and the pegs on the link so brought
forward hold those treadles up while the tappet plate passes under the bowls
and until the point of the riser comes under the bowl; these treadles are
connected to the shafts that have to fall, but the bowls of those treadles tha
are not held up by pegs on the chain drop into the groove of the tappet, and
these treadles are connected to the rising shafts. The length of the chain y
and the number of tappet plates a must depend upon the pattern to b
I wish to observe that the same principle may be applied to tappe
plates having only one riser or more than two risers.
woven.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manne
of performing the same, I declare that I claim,-

page_text: First, the improved jacquard treading motion shewn and described in
reference to Figures 1 and 2, in which the hooks are connected to the jacks
at each side of the fulcrum, so that one end of the grife can draw the selected
hooks at the same time that the other end of the grife draws the remainder
of the books.
Secondly, the duplex jacquard treading motion as shewn and described in
reference to Figures 3 and 4.
And, lastly, the improved tappet treading motion shewn and described in
reference to Figure 5, with one or more picks to the round, and the mode
described, or any equivalent arrangement, for making each riser act either as
a riser or faller.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Nuttall, have hereto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of May, One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-seven.
JAMES NUTTALL. (L.S.)