Improved Still and Apparatus for the Distillation of Ammoniacal Liquor and other Fluids.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Feb., 1894-Accepted, 23rd May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Still and Apparatus for the Distillation of Ammoniacal
Liquor and other Fluids.
GEORGE PETTIGREW 58 St. Paul's Road Middlesbrough Gas Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The still is made columnar or vertical and is divided into two compartments,
about two thirds of its height. Both compartments are connected by a syphon or
syphons. The still may be heated by steam let into the bottom in the usual
manner, or it may be heated by gas or by direct firing, and when it is heated by
direct firing the fire bars may be made hollow, and the ammoniacal liquor or other
fluid to be distilled may be passed through them to ensure its being sufficiently
heated before entering the still.
In the upper part of the still is placed any number of shallow trays, helical in
form. The fluid to be distilled enters into the center circumvolution of the first
tray (and there being any number of circumvolutions in each tray) flows round
each successive circumvolution from the center to the circumference, then flows
from the first tray to the outer circumvolution of the second tray, and round each
successive circumvolution from the circumference to the center, then to the third
tray and so on to any number. When the fluid leaves the last tray it passes into
a pipe which conveys it nearly to the bottom of the first compartment of the still,
then by a syphon it is conveyed to the second compartment, where it comes into
contact with "milk of lime," which is caused to flow by a syphon arrangement into
the second compartment of the still, at stated intervals, and in specified quantity.
Small spaces are left between the circumvolutions of the trays, to allow the
steam and heated gases to pass up between them.
"
The ammoniacal liquor or other fluid to be distilled runs in at the top of the still
continuously, but, owing to the arrangement of the syphons, the "spent liquor
only runs from the still intermittently.
Dated this 20th day of May 1802
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Still and Apparatus for the Distillation of Ammoniacal
Liquor and other Fluids.
GEORGE PETTIGREW 58 St. Paul's Road Middlesbrough Gas Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
In the
This invention has more particular reference to the distillation of ainmoniacal
liquor for the manufacture of sulphate of ammonia. The still is made round in
form and vertical, and is made of cast iron or other suitable material.
upper part of the still Fig. 1 is placed a number of shallow trays helical in form
shewn in Fig. 2.
The liquor to be distilled flows in at the top of the still by the pipe C. to the
centre of the first tray A. It then flows round each circumvolution into which the
tray may be divided, in the direction shewn by the arrow head Fig. 2 from
the centre to the overflow pipe D. at the circumference. The liquor flows down
077

page_text: this overflow pipe to the circumference of the second tray E. Fig. 1 its direction of
flow is here reversed, the liquor now flows round each circumvolution from the
circumference to the overflow pipe F. in the centre of the tray flowing down this
overflow to the centre of the third tray A2. The liquor now flows from the centre
round each circumvolution to the circumference, as in the first tray, and so on to
any number of trays. The liquor having passed through all the trays composing
the still, flows down the overflow pipe D, the end of which is sealed in liquor
contained in the sealing box S. The bottom part of the still is divided into two
compartments, the liquor overflows from the box S. down the pipe L. to nearly the
bottom of the first compartment where it is mixed with "milk of lime."
The liquor rises in this compartment to nearly the top of the division plate, it
then flows through a pipe which conveys it to nearly the bottom of the second
compartment, it then rises to the height of the overflow from the still. The steam
to heat the liquor is let into the still at the bottom in the usual manner, and with
the heated gases passes up through the holes O. (made in the trays for the purpose
in the positions shewn) in the direction of the arrow heads Fig. 1 into "hoods" H.
made to cover each circumvolution of the trays, the bottom edges of the hoods
resting on the inside bottom of the trays as shewn. The bottom edges of the
hoods are serrated to a depth less than the height of the top of the overflow pipes
from the inside bottom of the trays, thus ensuring that the serrations in the
bottom edges of the hoods, are always covered with liquor when the still is in
action. The steam and heated gases depress the liquor under the hoods, passing
out through the serrations in the bottom edges of the hoods, and up through the
liquor flowing between each circumvolution of the trays, and out at the top of the
still through suitable outlet pipe to the saturator. The trays may be made so as
to fit into the body of the still Fig. 1 and be lifted in and out for cleaning purposes,
or they may be made with flanges and be bolted together.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is;
1. The helical form of tray composing the still, as substantially described in my
Specification and shewn on the drawings herewith.
Dated this 21st day of February 1894.
GEO. PETTIGREW.