IMPROVEMENTS IN COMMODES, WATER-CLOSETS, AND OTHER SANITARY APPLIANCES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Carrick, Hotel Proprietor, Glasgow, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMMODES, WATER-CLOSETS, AND OTHER
SANITARY APPLIANCES."
Sealed the 11th April 1860, and dated the 12th October 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Carrick at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th October 1859.
I, JAMES CARRICK, Hotel Proprietor, Glasgow, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMMODES, WATER-CLOSETS,,
AND OTHER SANITARY APPLIANCES," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to the application of deodorizing materials by suitable
mechanism to the contents of commodes, water-closets, or other conveniences.
The deodorising materials may be of a fluid or other form, the mechanism
being constructed to suit the form of the material used, so that when the
commode, closet, or other convenience is used a proper quantity of deodorising
material may be supplied.
In connection with commodes, water-closets, or other conveniences, I
form a box or cistern to contain the deodorising material, and interpose
between the box or cistern and the basin or seat of the commode or water-
closet or other convenience valves or cocks worked by cranks or levers or

page_text: other suitable means, by which a quantity of the deodorising material is passed
from the box or cistern into the commode, closet, or convenience, and mixed
with the contents thereof. When dry deodorising material is employed I
cause it to assume the form of an inclined plane within the commode, so that
the droppings, falling upon the material, are covered with it, and pass into a
receptacle below.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Carrick in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th
April 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
CARRICK, Hotel Proprietor, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Carrick, Her special licence that I, the said James
Carrick, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said James Carrick, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COMMODES, WATER-CLOSETS, AND OTHER SANITARY APPLIANCES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Carrick, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Carrick, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
I construct commodes, water-closets, and other sanitary appliances of two

page_text: main parts, viz., a chair or stool, and a magazine or cistern, to contain
deodorizing material, which magazine or cistern is connected with the chair or
stool by a passage, in which I place valves. The material contained in the
magazine or cistern is passed through the valves to the chair or stool when
required. The valves are opened and closed by mechanism, which I now
proceed to describe with reference to the Drawings, in which the same letters
on the several Figures refer to the same parts.
Figure 1 is a section shewing the cover of the chair in a horisontal position
or closed; Figure 2, a section shewing the cover open; Figure 3 is a section
of a water-closet, shewing the manner in which liquid deodorizing material
may be applied; Figure 4 is an enlarged Drawing of mechanism shown in
Figures 1 and 2; Figure 5 is an enlarged Drawing of levers shown in
Figures and 2; Figure 6 is an enlarged Drawing of valve I; Figure 7 is a
sectional plan, shewing the general arrangements of interior of chair; Figure 8
is a sectional plan on line T, U, of Figure 2; Figure 9 is a sectional plan of
closet, as shewn in Figure 3; Figure 10 is a plan of valve I, with agitators
attached; Figure 11 is an enlarged Drawing of valve J.
!
crank rod E
In Figures 1, 2, and 3, A is the magazine or cistern; B is the passage from
the magazine or cistern to the chair or stool C. The letters D, E, F, G, H, I, J,
O denote the cover of the chair or stool, and the cranks, rods, and levers, con-
necting the cover with the valves, by which motion is conveyed from the
former to the latter. In using the commode the cover D is raised, and the
crank rod E moves the lever F. The lower lever is firmly attached to the
rod G, by which the valve I is raised, as shewn in Figure 2.
The same
6 motion actuates the lever F, by which the rod H, supporting the valve J falls
and and the valve J falling closes the passage B, and prevents the material from
the magazine passing into the chair or stool. The commode having been used
the cover D should be lowered when the motions previously described are
reversed, the valve J being raised allows the material to pass downwards,
and to form an inclined plane in the vessel K, and from thence to fall into
the vessel L, while the valve I being lowered stops the material from passing
from the magazine in greater quantity than is desired. The material is
assisted in its passage from the magazine by the agitator M attached to the
valve I, and the rake N attached to the cover of the seat D. The rake N
5 passes along the inclined plane when the cover of the seat is raised or lowered,
and the agitator M breaks up the material in the bottom of the magazine A.
In connecting this mechanism with water closets, the cistern containing the
deodorizing fluid may be placed in any convenient position above the seat
of the closet. From the cistern I carry a pipe or passage B into the bowl

page_text: or basin of the closet, upon which pipe are fixed two cocks O and O'. These
cocks are opened and closed alternately by the levers, cross head, and crank P,
Q, R, S, which are moved by the raising and lowering of the cover D in
the same manner as are the valves in the dry commode previously described.
The fluid mixes with the contents of the closet pan, and passes away in com-
bination therewith.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which I carry out the same, I would have it clearly understood that I do not
restrict myself to the identical means I have described, as several modes may
be devised by which the mechanism of the valves and cocks may be actuated;
but what I claim as my Invention, and which, so far as known to me,
is not in use anywhere is, the interposition in the passage to convey the
material from the magazine or cistern to the chair, stool, or closet, of valves or
cocks working reciprocally, so that when one is open the other is shut, and in.
the case of dry commodes or chairs causing the deodorizing material to form
an inclined plane under the seat, and within the commode, also employing an
agitator or rake to cause the material to pass more freely on the plane and
from thence to the vessel below.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Carrick, have hereunto set
my hand and seal at Glasgow, this Ninth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty. One word, "levers,"
written on an erasure on page one; two words deleted on page two,
both before signing.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named James Carrick, in the presence of
(L.S.) JAMES CARRICK.
W. KIRKPATRICK, Clerk,
Glasgow.