IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND PRODUCTION OF COLORS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Eugen Lucius, of Frankfort on, the Maine, Germany,
but at present residing at Chatham Place, Blackfriars, in the City of
London, Doctor of Philosophy, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE AND PRODUCTION OF COLORS."
Sealed the 19th July 1864, and dated the 23rd January 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Eugen Lucius at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
January 1864.
I, EUGEN LUCIUS, of Franfort on the Maine, Germany, but at present
residing at Chatham Place, Blackfriars, in the City of London, Doctor of
Philosophy, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND PRODUCTION OF COLORS," to be as follows, that
is to say:
The first part of my Invention has for its object the production of blue and
of green colors from rosaniline or its salts dissolved in an acid solution by the
action on such solutions of aldehyde or its homologues.
The second part of my Invention relates to the separation of the colors

page_text: resulting from such chemical combination or reaction as before mentioned by
the employment of solutions of sulphuretted hydrogen and of sulphurous
acid.
The third part of my Invention relates to the obtaining, in a useful form
suitable for the purpose of dyeing, of the blue color which has been separated
as before mentioned from the soluble green color by subjecting the precipitate
so resulting to the action of alcohol or of any other suitable solvent.
The fourth part of my Invention relates to the obtaining and separating in
a solid form of the green color remaining in solution after the separation of
the blue color has been effected, as before mentioned. This I effect by adding
to the solution a neutral salt, such as chloride of sodium, and then neutralising
the acid in solution by means of an alkaline solution, such as a solution of
caustic or carbonate of soda.
In carrying out my Invention I proceed as follows:-I take one part by
weight of sulphate of rosaniline and dissolve it in a mixture of two parts by
weight of sulphuric acid or oil of vitriol and from two to four parts by weight
of water, and I then add four parts of aldehyde, and heat the mixture to about
50° centigrade, maintaining the mixture at or about that temperature until a
small portion of the mixture dissolved in about fifty times its weight of alcohol
yields a greenish blue solution. I then add the mixture resulting as before
mentioned to about 300 to 500 parts by weight of a saturated solution of
sulphuretted hydrogen in water. I then gradually increase the tempera-
ture of the mixture to from about 90° to 100° centigrade, adding during
the application of heat from 10 to 20 parts of a saturated solution of
sulphurous acid in water; I then filter the liquid so as to separate the blue
color which has been precipitated. And in order to obtain the green color in
a solid form the green solution resulting, I add from 5 to 20 parts of common
salt, or of any other suitable salt, and I also add a solution of caustic soda, or
of carbonate of soda, or of other suitable alkali, so as to neutralize the acid
present in the solution, so as to effect the precipitation of the green color; after
allowing the precipitate to subside I decant or filter off the supernatant
liquid, and wash the color with water, which may then be dried at a tempe-
rature not exceeding 100 per cent. I wish it to be understood that I do not
confine or limit myself either to the temperatures given or to the strengths
of the solutions indicated, nor to the proportion of the same herein-before
mentioned; I have, however, obtained good results by adopting the same.
The salts of rosaniline may be dissolved in sulphuric or other acid, but
I have found sulphuric acid to give good results. Instead of employing
solutions of sulphurous acid and of sulphuretted hydrogen, it is evident

page_text: that these gases may be passed into the solution, or that sulphites
and sulphides may be added to the acid solution. I have, however, found
the employment of a solution of these gases to be advantageous.
In order to render the solid green color obtained as herein-before mentioned
suitable for the purposes of dyeing or printing I proceed as follows:-
I triturate one part by weight of the green powder with about 20 parts by
weight of water, so as to effect through incorporation; I then add about
two parts by weight of sulphuric acid, and from 50 to 70 parts by weight of
alcohol, so as to effect solution. When I employ the solution so obtained for
the purposes of dyeing, I mix the same gradually with water acidulated with
sulphuric acid.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Eugen Lucius in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st July 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EUGEN
LUCIUS, of Frankfort on the Maine, Germany, but at present residing at
Chatham Place, Blackfriars, in the City of London, Doctor of Philosophy,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Eugen Lucius, Her special. license that I, the said Eugen
Lucius, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Eugen Lucius, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND PRODUCTION OF COLORS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Eugen Lucius, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, or under the hand
and seal of one of them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Eugen Lucius, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say :-
The first part of my Invention has for its object the production of blue and
green colors from rosaniline or its salts dissolved in an acid solution by the
action on such solutions of aldehyde or its homologues.
The second part of my Invention relates to the separation of the colors
resulting from such chemical combination or reaction as before mentioned by
the employment of solutions of sulphuretted bydrogen and of sulphurous acid,
whereby the blue color is obtained in an insoluble or nearly insoluble condition
and the green color in a soluble form.
The third part of my Invention relates to the obtaining in a useful form
suitable for the purpose of dyeing of the blue color which has been separated
as before mentioned from the soluble green color by subjecting the
precipitate so resulting to the action of alcohol or of any other suitable
solvent.
The fourth part of my Invention relates to the obtaining and separating in
a solid form of the green color remaining in solution after the separation of
the blue color has been effected as before mentioned. This I effect by adding
to the solution a neutral salt, such as chloride of sodium, and then neutralizing
the acid in solution by means of an alkaline solution, such as a solution of
caustic or carbonate of soda.
In carrying out my Invention I proceed as follows:-I take one part by weight
of sulphate of rosaniline and dissolve it in a mixture of two parts by weight of
sulphuric acid or oil of vitriol and from two to four parts by weight of water,
and I then add four parts of aldehyde and heat the mixture to about 50°
centigrade, maintaining the mixture at or about that temperature until a small
portion of the mixturo dissolved in about fifty times its weight of alcohol
yields a greenish blue solution. I then add the mixture resulting as before
mentioned to about from 300 to 500 parts by weight of a saturated solution
of sulphuretted hydrogen in water. I then gradually increase the tempera-
ture of the mixture to from about 90° to 100° centigrade, adding during
the application of heat from 10 to 20 parts of a saturated solution of
sulphurous acid in water; I then filter the liquid so as to separate the
blue color which has been precipitated. And in order to obtain the green
color in a solid form from the green solution resulting, I add from 5 to 20
parts of common salt, or of any other suitable salt, and I also add a solution
of caustic soda, or of carbonate of soda, or of other suitable alkali, so as to

page_text: neutralize the acid present in the solution and so as to effect the precipitation
of the green color. After allowing the precipitate to subside, I decant or
filter off the supernatant liquid and wash the color with water, which may then
be dried at a temperature not exceeding 100° centigrade. I wish it to be
understood that I do not confine or limit myself either to the temperatures
given or to the strengths of the solutions indicated, nor to the proportion of
the same berein-before mentioned; I have, however, obtained good results by
adopting the same.
The salts of rosaniline may be dissolved in sulphuric or other acid,
but I have found sulphuric acid to give good results. Instead of employing
solutions of sulphurous acid and of sulphuretted hydrogen, it is evident
that these gases may be passed into the solution, or that sulphites and
sulphides may be added to the acid solution. I have, however, found the
employment of a solution of these gases to be advantageous.
In order to render the solid green color obtained as herein-before mentioned
suitable for the purposes of dyeing or printing, I proceed as follows:-I tritu-
rate one part by weight of the green powder with about 20 parts by weight of
water so as to effect thorough incorporation, I then add about two parts by
weight of sulphuric acid and from 50 to 70 parts by weight of alcohol, so as
to effect solution. When I employ the solution so obtained for the purposes
of dyeing, I mix the same gradually with water acidulated with sulphuric
acid
EUGEN LUCIUS. (L.S.)