Improved Composition Adapted to Electric Insulators and other Articles and Uses in the Arts and Manufactures.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 30th July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 6th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 19th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Composition Adapted to Electric Insulators and other
Articles and Uses in the Arts and Manufactures.
I, FRANK MARQUARD, of No. 10 East 130th Street, in the City of New York,
State of New York, United States of America, Chemist, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows
My improved composition is adapted for various uses in the arts and manufactures,
especially in connection with electric lighting and signalling apparatus, and the same
may be made in the form of sheets of any desired size and thickness, into tubes and
also into any other articles. My improved composition possesses a degree of elasticity
and may be used for articles where this is desirable.
My improved composition consists of Rosewood sawdust, Wood-pulp, extract of
Logwood, Bichromate of Potash, Sulphate of Iron, Animal Glue, an albuminous.
substance such as Bullocks blood, and vegetable fiber. These ingredients are com-
pounded according to the desired articles to be produced. The Rosewood sawdust,
extract of Logwood, Bichromate of Potash, Sulphate of Iron, and an Albuminous
substance such as bullocks blood are employed and compounded for a large number
of articles. The wood pulp, animal glue and vegetable fiber are sometimes employed
with the above named ingredients where elasticity is desired and where the material
is to be made up into tubes and various articles of use in the arts and manufactures.
The before named ingredients are thoroughly mixed together into a homogeneous
uniform plastic mass and moulded under a slight pressure into the general shape and
configuration of the article to be made and the same is then put away to dry. When
sufficiently dried the compound article is subjected to a very heavy pressure (prefer-
ably hydraulic) in dies or moulds of the shape of the finished article and these dies or
moulds should be heated to about 300° Fah., or in other words, into a condition that
might be termed "hissing hot."
This composition after thorough mixing, and after it has been allowed to dry, may
be reduced to a powder and then pressed to the desired form in heated dies or moulds
as hereinbefore mentioned.
ERNEST DE PASS,
68, Fleet Street, London, Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Composition Adapted to Electric Insulators and other
Articles and Uses in the Arts and Manufactures.
I, FRANK MARQUARD, of No. 10 East 130th Street, in the City of New York,
State of New York, United States of America, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature
of this Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
My improved composition is adapted for various uses in the arts and manufactures,
especially in connection with electric lighting and signalling apparatus, and the same
may be made in the form of sheets of any desired size and thickness, into tubes, and
also into any other articles. My improved composition possesses a degree of elasticity
and may be used for articles where this is desirable.
My improved composition consists of Rosewood sawdust, Wood pulp, extract of
Logwood, Bichromate of Potash, Sulphate of Iron, Animal Glue, an Albuminous

page_text: substance such as Bullocks blood, and vegetable fibre. These ingredients are com-
pounded according to the desired articles to be produced. The Rosewood sawdust,
extract of Logwood, Bichromate of Potash, Sulphate of Iron, and an Albuminous
substance, such as bullocks. blood, are employed and compounded for a large number
of articles. The wood pulp, animal glue, and vegetable fiber, are sometimes employed
with the above named ingredients where elasticity is desired and where the material
is to be made up into tubes and various articles of use in the arts and manufactures.
The before named ingredients are thoroughly mixed together into a homogeneous
uniform plastic mass and moulded under a slight pressure into the general shape and
configuration of the article to be made, and the same is then put away to dry. When
sufficiently dried the compound article is subjected to a very heavy pressure (prefer-
ably hydraulic) in dies or moulds of the shape of the finished article, and these dies or
moulds should be heated to about 300° Fah., or in other words, into a condition that
might be termed "hissing hot."
This composition after thorough mixing and after it has been allowed to dry may
be reduced to a powder and then pressed to the desired form in heated dies or moulds
as heretofore mentioned.
The ingredients entering into my improved composition I mix in about the following
proportions:-10 to 20 lbs. of Rosewood sawdust, 20 lbs. of Wood pulp, 1 lb. of
extract of Logwood, lb. of Bichromate of Potash, lb. of Sulphate of Iron, 4 lbs. of
Animal Glue, and 2 to 5 lbs. of an albuminous substance such as Bullocks blood, and
any desired quantity of vegetable fibre, such as flax, hemp, cotton, etc.
The quantity
of vegetable fiber employed in the composition is governed by the character and uses
of the article into which the composition is to be made.
Where all of the ingredients named are employed it is preferable to mix the
wood pulp, extract of Logwood, Bichromate of Potash, Sulphate of Iron, and Animal
glue together, to steam it and then allow it to become cold.
The Rosewood sawdust, the albuminous substance and vegetable fibre are mixed
together and this mixture added to the former, and said ingredients are then all
thoroughly stirred so that the mass is made homogeneous and plastic.
1 remark that I prefer to employ rosewood sawdust in contradistinction to any other
wood because the same possesses a natural resinous oil which assists very materially in
uniting the particles of the composition together, and I prefer to employ bullocks
blood for the albumen in preference to any other albuminous substance because the
same is inexpensive and the color thereof assists in coloring the composition which,
together with the extract of Logwood, makes the composition almost black. The
sulphate of Iron in the composition acts on the Logwood chemically to turn the same
black, its influence permeating the whole mass. The Bichromate of Potash in
connection with the heat acts on the Albumen and animal glue to make the same
insoluble.
From these statements it will be understood that my improved composition is not
only black, but insoluble and consequently waterproof, and having been pressed in
heated moulds, that the same is very compact and hard. My improved composition
is a very good non-conductor of electricity, consequently it is adapted for use in the
arts and manufactures especially in connection with electric lighting, signalling, and
telephone apparatus for such parts as insulators, lamp bases, rings, and various other
appliances through which electric conductors pass, and upon which the electric
apparatus is sustained or constructed. It is also adapted for telephone transmitters and
receivers and other parts where rubber is abjectionable. It is also adapted for picture-
frames, mouldings, rosettes, furniture ornainents, and many other articles. My
improved composition can be formed into sheets of different width and thickness, the
sheets can be cut up into pieces and the pieces turned up or otherwise formed of the
desired shape, and my improved composition is capable of taking a high polish.
I do not confine myself to the exact proportions herein stated for the ingredients of
the composition, as the same may be varied according to the requirements of the
articles to be made.

page_text: Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of my invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim :
1. The compound herein described composed of Rosewood sawdust, extract of
Logwood, Bichromate of Potash, Sulphate of Iron, and an Albuminous substance,
substantially as set forth.
2. The compound herein described composed of Woodpulp, extract of Logwood,
Birchromate of Potash, Sulphate of Iron, Animal Glue, Rosewood sawdust, an
Albuminous subtance, and vegetable fibre, substantially as set forth.
3. The compound herein described composed of Rosewood sawdust, extract of
Lodwood, Bichromate of Potash, Sulphate of Iron, and an Albuminous substance
in about the proportions herein specified, substantially as set forth.
4. The compound berein described composed of Wood pulp, extract of Logwood,
Birchromate of Potash, Sulphate of Iron, Animal Glue, Rosewood sawdust, an
albuminous substance, and vegetable fibre in about the proportions herein specified,
substantially as set forth.
Dated this 6th day of Sentember 1880
ERNEST DE PASS.
68, Fleet Street, London, Agent for the Applicant.