Improvements in Lamps for Optical Lanterns and other purposes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 26th June, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 10th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 14th Mar., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps for Optical Lanterns and other purposes.
I, WALTER STOCKS, of 96, High Street, Rye, in the County of Sussex,
Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to improve the construction of lamps for optical
lanterns and other purposes, so as to obtain a high-power light under all
circumstances.
In carrying out my invention, I extend the slit of the dome at both ends, so that
I practically obtain two side deflectors or hoods. By this means,
expose the
whole height of the flame, and I am enabled thereby to make use of the brightest
portion.
I also arrange the air inlets between the wick tubes so that more air is supplied
to the middle portion where it requires it, than to the edges of the flame.
The reflector I mount in such a manner that it may be advanced or withdrawn
as required, in order to focus the light on to the condenser. This may be effected
by a worm and pin, or in any other convenient manner.
In some cases it is necessary to diminish or increase the draught to the flame, and
this I accomplish by making the chimney telescopic, and providing means, such as a
rack and pinion, by which the upper portion may be raised or lowered as desired.
At the back of the lamp, I place a perforated screen, so that when placed in the
lantern, the currents of air which enter will be broken up.
The lower portion of the chimney which surrounds the flame I make rectangular,
and of comparatively small dimensions, open at front and back, the said openings
being closed by a glass or other transparent plate, which I am enabled to place
close to the flame. This permits of the reflector being brought close to the flame,
and I thus obtain a concentrated light of great intensity.
The glass is held in position by suitable guides, which will allow it to expand or
contract, & in order to prevent entrance of air over the top of the glass, I employ
a hinged cover, which is held by a hinged catch or other fastening.
Dated this 26th day of June 1890.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps for Optical Lanterns and other purposes.
I, WALTER STOCKS, of 96, High Street, Rye, in the County of Sussex,
Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The present invention relates to oil-burning lamps for optical lanterns, in which
a glass chimney is dispensed with, and which have their wicks projecting into a
chamber placed within the lantern at the base of the chimney which forms part of
the lamp.
The chamber may be of sheet metal, and is ventilated from below, the front and
back being of transparent material, to permit the light to be thrown forward to the
lens by the reflector placed behind.
A defect in such lamp is to be found in the great heat generated within the
chamber, which necessitates the distance of the glass, front and back, from the flame
of the lamp, being greater than is desirable for the best optical results.

page_text: thereby permitting the reflector and condenser to be placed more advantageously
than heretofore. The means adopted for carrying out such arrangement which
relates to the supplying of air to the flame and the regulation of the draught, are
illustrated in the accompanying drawing, of which-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an optical lantern lamp.
Fig. 2 is a front view; and
Fig. 2 is a detail in edge view.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the body of the lamp with the chimney removed; and
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the interior of the combustion chamber, on the
line of Fig. 1, looking towards the reflector.
A is the lamp reservoir, containing oil. a a a a are wick tubes provided in the
ordinary way with rollers for advancing the wicks. bare frames mounted on the
reservoir, and supporting the chamber B, into which the wick tubes a project. C is
the chimney detachable from the chamber B, to permit of the lamp being taken in
or out of the lantern. The chimney, as illustrated, is in two parts, cand c',
telescoping together, and furnished with a rack and pinion for regulating the
height. The chamber B is hinged to one of its supporting frames b, to permit of its
being tipped to light the lamp. The bottom of the chamber is closed by perforated
metal or wire gauze around and between the wick tubes, as
seen best in
Figures 3 and 4. Transparent material or glass is fitted to the front and back
of the chamber B, preferably by dropping sheets of suitable dimensions into
guides *61* formed in the metal casing (see Figure 3). 622 are closing pieces (sec
Figs. 2 and 24) hinged to the casing, and foldingd own on the top of the glass, to
make the chamber B as nearly as possible air-tight at its upper part. e. e are baffle
plates extending horizontally along the sides of the casing of the chamber B, and
acting in lieu of the dome of the ordinary lamp, with attendant advantages not to
be found in the latter. F is a reflector adjustably mounted behind the lamp, and
capable of being advanced or retired according to requirement.
When the lamp is lighted, the air for supporting combustion enters the chamber B
through the perforated metal or wire gauze, and passes upward between the baffle
plates e. e.
A reference to the plan view Figure 3 will shew that the position of the baffle
plates leaves an unobstructed space between the flame and the transparent ends of
the lamp. Through this space, a considerable volume of air continues to pass while
the lamp is alight, and consequently, the temperature of the glass is not allowed to
increase unduly; the distance between the flame and the glass may therefore be
materially less with this arrangement of side baffles, than is possible with the
ordinary dome, which completely embraces the flame, and compels an equal
distribution of air on all sides. The advantage of the arrangement is manifest, as
the wick chamber fitted with side baffles, as explained, may be much smaller than
heretofore, and consequently both the reflector, and the condensing lens of the
lantern, may be more advantageously placed with regard to making the most of
their capacity, and economising the light.
The supply of air to the lamp may be readily and accurately regulated by
increasing or diminishing the length of the chimney, and thereby causing greater or
less draught, according to requirement.
The rack and pinion for regulating the chimney length is best seen in Fig. 1.
g is a rack bar rivetted to the part c¹ of the chimney, and passing upward through
the guide grivetted to the upper portion c of the chimney. 92 is the pinion mounted
in the guide in gear with the rack of the rack bar. is the spindle of the
pinion 2, having a squared head for receiving a key, by which the length of the
chimney can be adjusted without opening the lantern.
It is found that the draught of the chimney requires occasional adjustment to
produce the best results from the lamp, as the supply of air to the flame is likely to
vary according to the state of atmosphere of the apartment in which it is situated ;

page_text: the telescopic chimney is admirably adapted for effecting adjustment from time to
time while the lantern is in use. h is a perforated screen for breaking up the
current of air admitted at the back of the lantern to supply the lamp.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. The employment, in the wick chamber of lamps for optical and other lanterns,
of side baffle plates arranged substantially as shewn and described for the purpose
set forth.
2. The employment of a telescopic chimney for lamps of optical and other
lanterns, which can be adjusted, as described and illustrated, by means of a rack
and pinion, or equivalent device, while the lamp is in use, for the purpose set
forth.
3. The arrangement of lamp for optical and other lanterns herein described with
reference to the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 10th day of Fohm 1901
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.