Improvements in Ovens.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Feb., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 13th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 14th Dec., 1895
Improvements in Ovens.
We JOHN VICARS the elder, THOMAS VICARS and JOHN VICARS the younger,
all of 56 Seel Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates more especially to ovens for baking biscuits and fine
articles, and tbe main objects are to enable such ovens to be made of greater
width than heretofore whilst ensuring even heating at the bottom and greater
durability.
Ovens under our invention have the bottom made of two or more longitudinal
arches forming ways or flues into which the fireplace opens, and along which the
flames and products travel simultaneously in the same direction, dampers being
provided at one or both ends of each arched flue to regulate the admission of the
products of combustion through each arched way or flue into the oven or into an
uptake.
In combination with the above oven we construct two or more uptakes from the
same or a separate fireplace to the top of the oven, and provide each uptake with a
damper.
..
R 1
3008
J.. JOHNSON,
Agent.
Improvements in ovens.
We JOHN VICARS the elder THOMAS VICARS, and JOHN VICARS the younger
all of 56 Seel Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The invention relates more especially to ovens for baking biscuits and fine
articles, and the maiu objects are to enable such ovens to be made of greater
width than heretofore whilst ensuring even-heating at the bottom and greater
durability.
Ovens under our invention have the bottom made of two or more longitudinal
arches forming ways or flues into which the fireplace opens, and along which the
flames and products travel simultaneously in the same direction, dampers being
provided at one or both ends of each arched flue to regulate the admission of the
products of combustion through each arched way or flue into the oven or into an
uptake.
In combination with the above oven we construct two or more uptakes from the
same or a separate fireplace to the top of the oven, and provide each uptake with a
damper.

page_text: a are the main walls of the oven a which is preferably fitted with endless
travelling conveyors a² in any usual way. 6 fireplace. c longitudinal arched flues
running from end to end of the oven and forming the bottom of the oven. The
fire place b
into all the flues c.
opens
Each flue c is provided at each end with a
damper d having its own operating rod or handle as shown by the dotted lines d¹ in
Fig. 4. The flues c open past the dampers d into chambers e at each end of the
oven. doors to the chambers e. Through the said doors f access is obtained to
the flues c.
are cross flues communicating at each end with the chambers e.
h are uptakes leading from the cross flues g to the chimney flue i. It will be
observed that by manipulating the dampers d, the passage of the heated gases and
products of combustion from the fireplace b cau be readily regulated and adjusted
beneath each portion of the oven bottom so as to obtain the desired heat under
each portion thereof. j is a second fireplace provided with uptakes k at each side
of the oven, leading into the space above the top m of the oven.
dampers for adjusting the low of the heated gases and products of combustion
from the fireplace into the space l. The rods or handles of the dampers arc
shown by dotted lines n'. o are dampers at each end of the space l for con-
trolling the passage of the heated gases and products of combustion from the said
space into uptakes pleading to the chimney-flue i. The dotted lines o' indicate
the rods or handles of the dampers. By manipulating the dampers n and o the
flow of heated gases and products of combustion through the space 1 can be
readily adjusted so that each part is properly heated.
9. are dampers for
regulating the passage of vapour from the oven into the uptakes p and chimney
flue i.
Instead of two fireplaces one only may be used.
22 are
Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 6 a horizontal section at two different
levels of an oven under our invention in which the heated gases and products of
combustion are admitted into the interior of the oven. The same letters refer to
equivalent parts in Figs. 1. 2. 3 and 4. The fire place b opens into the longitudinal
flues c beneath the oven as previously described but the flues ciustead of communi-
cating directly with the chimney flue i opeu past dampers d into the interior of the
oven. kare uptakes from the fireplace 6 leading past dampers » into the interior
of the oven through the nozzles instead of into a space above the oven.
dampers for regulating the flow of heated gases products of combustion and vapour
from the oven into the way and uptake and thence into the chimney flue i. It
will be obvious that by manipulating the dampers d, n, and 9, the flow of heated
gases and products into and along the bottom and top of the oven and from the
oven at each end to the chimney flue may be readily controlled.
9 are
It will be evident that ovens under our invention may be made so as to have
heat under the bottom and heated gases and products of combustion admitted
into the oven at the top or heat may be applied in a space over the top and
heated gases and products of combustion be admitted into the oven at the
bottom.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
First. Ovens with two or more longitudinal flues directly beneath the bottom
thereof all opening from a fire place or fire places and provided with dampers at
each end for admitting the products of combustion and heated gases into a
chimney flue.
Second. Ovens with two or more longitudinal flues directly beneath the bottom
thereof all opening from a fire place or fireplaces and provided with dampers
for admitting the heated gases and products of combustion into the oven.
Third. Ovens with two or more longitudinal flues directly beneath the bottom
thereof all opening from a fireplace or fireplaces and provided with dampers for
admitting the heated gases and products of combustion into a chimney flue or into

page_text: the oven in combination with uptakes leading at each side of the oven from the
said fireplace or fireplaces into a space above the oven, dampers being provided for
controlling the flow of heated gases and products of combustion through the
uptakes and from the space above the oven to a chimney flue.
Fourth. Ovens with two or more longitudinal flues directly beneath the bottom
thereof all opening from a fire place or fireplaces and provided with dampers for
admitting the heated gases and products of combustion into a chimney flue or into
the oven in combination with uptakes leading at each side of the oven from the
said fireplace or fireplaces into the oven near the top, dampers being provided for
controlling the flow of heated gases and products of combustion through the said
uptakes into the oven.
Fifth. Ovens constructed substantially as herein set forth, in reference to
Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Sixth. Ovens constructed substantially as set forth in reference to Figures 5
and 6.
Dated the 12th day of November 1895.
J. JOHNSON,
Patent Office, 4 Clayton Square, Liverpool, Agent.