Improvements in Driving Clocks, applicable especially for Driving Astronomical Telescopes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application,
0th Eh 4804
Complete Specification Left 8th Nov. 1894-Accepted, 12th Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left 8th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 12th Jan., 1895
PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Driving Clocks, applicable especially for Driving
Astronomical Telescopes.
I, EDWARD RICHARD HOLLANDS, of 42 Newington Green, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows -
With clocks constructed in the ordinary manner for driving astronomical telescopes
much difficulty is experienced in keeping them properly adjusted to drive the
telescope at the proper rate-and even with the best adjustment a star cannot
be kept centrally in the field except for comparatively short lengths of time without
constant supervision and watching through the telescope to see that it follows
correctly the object on which it is set.
.
The object of my invention is to remedy this defect.
I use a pendulum and escapement wheel driven by a train of wheels from
a barrel having a weighted cord wound around it as in ordinary non-driving
clocks.
I also use a second train of wheels for conveying motion to the polar axis of the
telescope mounting.
This second train of wheels I arrange to be driven through a spring from one of
the spindles of the first train of wheels preferably from the second spindle, that is,
the one driven from the toothed wheel on the driving barrel.
In this way whenever the movement of the escapement wheel at the end of each
swing of the pendulum is arrested the second train of wheels used for driving the
polar axis of the telescope mounting still continues to be driven by the spring above
mentioned.
In order also that the train of wheels driving the polar axis of the telescope
mounting may not be revolved too quickly at the times when during the swing of
the pendulum the escapement wheel can turn freely I employ a centrifugal governor
driven from the second train of wheels to act on friction surfaces to check the speed
of rotation when it exceeds the proper limit.
The centrifugal governor may be a sleeve on the governor spindle carrying bent
springs to be brought against a fixed flat surface when the sleeve is moved endwise
along the governor spindle by the flying outwards of the arms which carry the
governor balls.
The spring connection used for driving the second train of wheels may be a flat
spring carried by a disc fast on the second spindle of the clockwork train bearing
against a pin standing out from the first wheel of the second train of wheels either
directly or through a link which is free to turn upon the pin.
Dated this 9th day of February 1894.

page_text: Improvements in Driving Clocks, applicable especially for Driving
Astronomical Telescopes.
I, EDWARD RICHARD HOLLANDS, of 42 Newington Green, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
With clocks constructed in the ordinary manner for driving astronomical telescopes
much difficulty is experienced in keeping them properly adjusted to drive the tele-
scope at the proper rate-and even with the best adjustment a star cannot be kept
centrally in the field except for comparatively short lengths of time without constant
supervision and watching through the telescope to see that it follows correctly the
object on which it is set.
The object of my invention is to remedy this defect.
I use a pendulum and escapement wheel driven by a train of wheels from a
barrel having a weighted cord wound around it as in ordinary non-driving
clocks.
I also use a second train of wheels for conveying motion to the polar axis of the
telescope mounting.
This second train of wheels I arrange to be driven through a spring from one of
the spindles of the first train of wheels preferably from the second spindle, that is,
the one driven from the toothed wheel on the driving barrel.
In this way whenever the movement of the escapement wheel at the end of each
swing of the pendulum is arrested the second train of wheels used for driving the
polar axis of the telescope mounting still continues to be driven by the spring above
mentioned.
In order also that the train of wheels driving the polar axis of the telescope
mounting may not be revolved too quickly at the times when during the swing of
the pendulum the escapement wheel can turn freely I employ a centrifugal governor
driven from the second train of wheels to act on friction surfaces to check the speed
of rotation when it exceeds the proper limit.
The centrifugal governor may be a sleeve on the governor spindle carrying bent
springs to be brought against a fixed flat surface when the sleeve is moved end wise
along the governor spindle by the flying outwards of the arms which carry the
governor balls.
The spring connection used for driving the second train of wheels may be a flat
spring carried by a disc fast on the second spindle of the clock work train bearing
against a pin standing out from the first wheel of the second train of wheels either
directly or through a link which is free to turn upon the pin.
The drawings annexed shew various views of a clock constructed as above
described.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, Figure 2 a vertical section on the line A B
Figure 1 and Figure 3 a vertical section on the line C D. Figure 4 is a back
view.
A is a barrel with weighted cord wound around it, B, B1 B2 B3 B4 B³ a train
of wheels driving an escapement wheel C. D is a disc fast on the end of a
spindle E which also has fast upon it the wheels B1 B2. F is a toothed wheel
mounted loosely on the hub of the disc D. A vertical section of the disc spindle
and toothed wheel is shewn at Figure 5. G is a flat spring blade fixed rigidly
at one end to the disc D-the other end bears against an arm H jointed by a
pin H to the toothed wheel F, this toothed wheel drives a pinion F¹ on the
axis F and a wheel F2 on this axis drives a pinion F³ fast on an axis I. On

page_text: the axis is also a wheel F4 gearing into a pinion F' on an axis K which
carries a worin F-this gears into a worm wheel F' on an axis L and a worm L'
on this axis is made to gear into and drive a worm wheel say on the polar axis
of a telescope mounting. K' is a toothed wheel fast on the axis K, it drives
a pinion M on the governor spindle M. A longitudinal section of the governor
is shown at Figure 6. N is a tubular sleeve capable of being slidden end wise
to and fro along the governor spindle. M* M* are short arms projecting from
opposite sides of the spindle M through slots in the sleeve N and having jointed
to them links O. N¹ N¹ are short arms projecting from opposite sides of the
sleeve N, they carry the axes of governor levers N2 the longer arms of these
levers carry the governor balls the shorter arms are jointed to the links O. P is
a coiled spring surrounding the governor spindle near its end-one end of the
spring bears against a collar on the spindle and the other against the end of
the sleeve N. When the sleeve is moved along the spindle by the action of the
spring the governor balls are drawn inwards towards the spindle. When the
governor spindle is revolved the balls fly outwards and the sleeve is moved in
the opposite direction and compresses the spring.
RR are two bent springs held in a clamp S which also clasps the exterior of the
sleeve N, separate views of the clamp and springs are shown at Figures 7 and 8.
T is a fixed flat surface, see Figure 1, against which the springs R are pressed
when the balls fly outwards-the rotation of the governor being thereby retarded.
The flat surface T can be set nearer to or further from the springs R to give the
friction required.
Other forms of centrifugal governor than the one above described might be
employed for effecting the same object.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A driving clock in which a driven train of wheels is controlled by a pendulum
escapement and in which motion is transmitted from one of the axes of this train of
wheels through a spring to a second train of wheels which by a centrifugal
governor acting against a friction surface is impeded from revolving quickly.
2. A driving clock in which a driven train of wheels is controlled by a pendulum
escapement and in which motion is transmitted from one of the axes of this
train of wheels through a spring to a second train of wheels substantially as
described.
3. A driving clock constructed substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the drawings annexed.
Dated this 2nd day of November 1894.
E. R. HOLLANDS.