Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Dec., 1886.
Complete Left, 19th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 18th Oct., 1887
declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows :—
My invention relates to augers or gouges for cutting quadrangular grooves or
channels, or forming perforations in wooden cylinders, and particularly to that class of
auger, or gouge, used in the manufacture of paper.
It is well known that the wooden cylinders, or rollers, used in the manufacture of
paper, and provided axially with a quadrangular channel, or perforation are on account
of simplicity of manufacture made up of several parts, or portions, which are after-
wards glued together. This mode of manufacture has this defect, that the rollers often
come apart.
Now this invention has for its object, to manufacture wooden rollers of one single
piece, and to this end, two kinds of tools may be used. The roller is first drilled with
a circular perforation, the diameter of which, is equal to the length of the side of the
quadrangle required. The quadrangular channel is next cut out in four operations by
means of the auger or gouge, which has a pentagonal cross section, and carries in
front a cross-bar upon which is screwed a spring. The latter has for its object to
properly guide the tool within the circular perforation, when it is being driven to and
fro, by means of a rod or handle which is made of a suitable length for that purpose.
When two sides of the quadrangle have been formed, the tool is then subjected to a
different guidance or feeding. For this purpose another spring is substituted for the
rounded spring and operates alternately with it. This spring is formed so as to
correspond with the angle formed by two sides of the quadrangle. The quadrangular
channel is thus formed in a simple manner.
When it is required that quadrangular channels should be formed at one stroke,
then I use a tool mounted upon a handle or tube of suitable length, its head being
formed by a guiding cylinder, the front end of which rounded, while the said
cylinder has a diameter equal to that of the circular perforation of the wooden
cylinder or roller. The tool carries diagonally a row of knives which when driven

page_text: to and fro cut out the angles of the hollow which has to be formed. This arrange-
ment may however be dispensed with. The gouge or auger proper, which follows,
is placed at a certain distance from the guiding cylinder, but it is turned relatively
to the said guiding cylinder, at an angle of 450. Upon the tube are screwed ledges
which have in front a pointed form. Upon these ledges are fixed the knives or
striking irons. The said ledges carry the knives at their front side, and where the
latter end, the ledges commence. The cutting operation of the knives delineate the
cross section of the perforation which has to be formed. The shavings pass through
the pointed ledges into a hollow space and fall out at the back thereof. The last
arrangement of tool can be driven by power.
Dated 15th Decembar 1886

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Gouge or Tool for Forming Angles in Cylindrical
Holes.
I, LUDWIG HERZ, of Gmund, in the Empire of Germany, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Whereas the wooden cylinders or rollers, used in paper making and other manu-
factures, are usually formed of several pieces glued together, in such a manner as to
leave a central longitudinal hole of square section; and such cylinders frequently fall
to pieces while in use. Now the object of my invention is to manufacture such
cylinders from solid wood, and to bore the same longitudinally by means of the
improved tools herein after described.
In carrying out my invention I first bore the cylinder with a circular hole by
means of an ordinary tool; the diameter of the hole being equal to one side of the
square hole required to be made therein.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascertained,
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 2 a transverse section, shewing one method
of operation. is the body of the tool, the sectional form of which is shewn in Fig. 2.
k is an adjustable plane iron having two cutting edges at right angles to each other.
a is a cross bar joining the two sides of the tool h, to which the spring b is secured.
This spring presses the tool downwards, as it is worked to and fro in the. bore of the
cylinder, and assists in guiding the same. When one of the angles has been cut, the
tool is shifted round to cut another angle, and so on until the four angles have been
formed. When an angle has been formed above the tool, the guide 6¹, shewn in
dotted lines in Fig. 2 is substituted for the guide b, so as to utilise the angle above it
as a guide. c is a rod screwed into the tool h, to which any suitable handle may be
affixed.
Instead of the tool shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, I sometimes use, for the same purpose,
the four-sided tool shewn in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. Fig. 3 being a longitudinal view,
partly in section: Fig. 4 a cross section on the line 1, 1, of Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 a cross
section on the line 2, 2, of Fig. 3. This tool h is mounted upon a tube d, of suitable
length, fitted with a cylindrical head e, to act as a guide. Knives ff are fitted to the
cylinder e to cut into the angles, at the required depth, to facilitate the operation of
the tool h. The knives ff may, however, be dispensed with. 9 g are ledges fixed to
the tube d, to which the tool h is screwed, as shewn. When using this tool the
shavings pass through the spaces g¹.
Figs. 6 and 7 shew another form of tool; Fig. 6 being a longitudinal view, partly
in section, and Fig. 7 a cross-section. This form of tool may be driven by any

page_text: suitable motive power. e is the cylindrical guide, d the tube, and 9 g the projections
to which the tool is fixed.
The tools h h (Figs. 3 to 7) have bevelled edges, as shewn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The manufacture and use of cylinders or rollers for the purposes aforesaid, and
the means and appliances for boring rectangular holes therein, substantially as herein
before described and shewn on the drawings.
2. In the manufacture of cylinders or rollers for the purposes aforesaid, the
application and use of the several forms of boring or cutting tools, constructed and
applied substantially as herein before described and shewn on the drawings.
DJ 10th A 1007
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicant.