IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CLEANING OR FREEING WOOL AND CERTAIN OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS OF BURRS AND OTHER EXTRANEOUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
WEBSTER HALE, of Fitzroy Square, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Sixteenth day of October, in the ninth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
James Webster Hale, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial licence,
full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said James Webster Hale,
my exors, admors, and assigns, or.such others as I, the said James Webster
Hale, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
CLEANING OR FREEING WOOL AND CERTAIN OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS OF BURRS
AND OTHER EXTRANEOUS SUBSTANCES," communicated to me by a certain
Foreigner residing abroad; in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso that I, the said James Webster Hale, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
Price d

page_text: the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Webster Hale, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:-
The Invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in the
construction, arrangement, and combination of mechanical means for picking,
ginning and carding wool, hemp, or cotton, so as to separate the fibres of those
articles from burrs, seeds, leaves, twigs, or other foreign and useless substances,
by an arrangement of mechanical means, either acting separately or in com-
bination with the common carding machine; and when so combined, also
acting in place of the tumblers usually employed with the carding machine;
or when employed separatey, by acting as a gin with the common whipper-
in, or any other competent means of removing the clean material. And the
said improvements and the mode of constructing, arranging, combining, and
using the same, and the effects produced thereby, are fully and substantially
shown and set forth in the following description, aided by the Drawings
annexed to and making part of this Specification, wherein Figure 1 is a side
elevation; Figure 2, a top plan of an arrangement of apparatus, with the
improvements applied.
The construction is as follows:-The frame a is of a suitable form and size
to support the machinery, and at one end is an endless apron (b) stretched
over two horizontal rollers (c), (c¹). Next to this, and running quite near it, is
a feeding roller (d), the surface of which is composed of a number of rings,
which are formed with teeth on their outer edges, as shewn. This roller
receives the wool or cotton with the dirt, burrs, or seeds on it, and carries it
forward between its periphery and the grating (f), which is curved round just
near enough to the cylinder d to let the seeds pass. The wool or cotton is
then conducted on to the cylinder e, which runs close to the cylinder d, and is
composed of wood, tin, iron, or other material, with a series of alternate steel
and pasteboard rings lipped on to it, which cover its periphery (as is also the
case with the cylinders d). The projection of the steel rings beyond the
pasteboard ones is represented at e¹, Figure 1; and they have notches or teeth
cut out of their periphery at intervals of half an inch or more; the said teeth
are hooked, and have a round enlarged gullet, as shewn in the Drawing.

page_text: This form of tooth, together with the spaces between the steel rings, allows
the wool, &c. to be drawn in below the surface of the teeth (no two of which
in adjoining rings are opposite), while the burrs, dirt, or cotton seed remain on
top. In passing the grate above named, the seed, &c. are rolled over, and
the fibre in a manner separated from them and drawn in between the teeth.
At the top of the cylinder (e¹) there is a tin, iron, or steel stripper (g) This is
formed by a cylinder, around which are placed at equal distances metal ringsyl,
with connecting pieces g2 standing out from the surface radially, and so as
to run close to the surface of the teeth or cylinder (e), and scrape off the burrs,
dirt, or cotton seed into a receptacle (h). On the side of the burring cylinder
opposite the feed rollers, a brush cylinder (i) is situated, which brushes the
fibre from the teeth of the cylinder (e). The machine is driven by a band
passing over a pulley on the shaft of the cylinder e, on which there is another
pulley (), on which a band passes to a pulley (1), which is joined to a pinion
m upon a stud in the frame near the feed roller d. On the shaft of this there
is a spur wheel (n) that works into said pinion by which the feed roller is
driven. Outside the pulley (c), on the same shaft, there is a large drum or
pulley o, over which a band passes to the pulley p on the shaft of the brush
cylinder; or, instead of brushes, wire cards might be used, and the pulleys
are so proportioned as to give the brushes the necessary velocity. On the
brush cylinder shaft there is a pulley (g), from which a cross band (2) com_
municates motion to the stripper (g); this mode of gearing, it will be obvious
however, can be varied. The roller e¹ receives motion from the axis of the
cylinder d by toothed wheels, as shewn by dotted red lines in Fig. 1.
What I claim as the Invention in the above-described machine is arranging
the metallic rings composing the cylindersd ande (so near together that burrs
or seeds, &c. cannot fall in between them), the rings ( ) having hooked
teeth cut in the periphery as described, and so placed around the cylinder as
not to have the teeth on any two adjoining rings to come opposite to each other,
by which the wool or cotton is drawn in below the surface of the rings, and
the seeds or burrs are cleaned off.
Secondly, I claim the combination of the burring cylinder (el), constructed as
above described, with the feeding cylinder (d) and trash cylinder (g), to separate
the fibres of cotton wool from foreign or useless substances.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Webster Hale, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-six.
JA W. (L.s.) HALE.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixteenth day of January, in
the year of our Lord 1846, the aforesaid James Webster Hale came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Sixteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand