Improvements in Electro Mechanical Governors, and in the Means of Operating the same.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Sept., 1894--Accepted, 20th Oct., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electro Mechanical Governors, and in the Means of
Operating the same.
We, WALTER THOMAS GOOLDEN, Electrical Engineer, and JOSEPH SLATER
LEWIS, Engineer, both of Woodfield Works, Woodfield Road, Harrow Road,
London, W. do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in electro mechanical governors and in
the means of operating the same, and relates more particularly to that class of
governors in which a pair of oppositely situated wheels are brought alternatively
in gear with an intermediate wheel, one or the other of these being constantly in
motion, producing a motion of the regulating mechanism in one direction or another
as for example in Patent No. 5338 dated 16th day of April 1886 granted to
Walter Thomas Goolden Alexander Pelham Trotter, and Henry Willock
Ravenshaw and has for its object the rendering of the governor more positive and
sensitive in action and of reducing the cost.
In most regulators of the class the necessary motion of either of the pair of
wheels or of the contained wheel is effected by sliding one or the other of them on
a shaft, entailing considerable friction. and loss of sensitiveness. In the present
invention this friction is indefinitely diminished by carrying the shaft of the
contained wheel in a pivotted bearing so that the motion of the wheel is in an arc
of a circle of considerable radius thus reducing the friction in proportion as we
increase the radius of the moving circle.
This shaft may be kept constantly rotating in which case the containing pair of
wheels drive the governing mechanism, or the containing pair of wheels constantly
revolving when this shaft operates the governing mechanism. The former arrange-
ment is preferable when the governing mechanism requires considerable power to
move, as in the case of a steam engine or turbine governor, the latter where the
governing mechanism moves easily as in the case of electrical governing by
resistances &c.
To operate the intermediate or rocking shaft we use either electro mechanical or
direct magnetic device. In the former case we surround the shaft with a collar
pivotted in an arm of short radius, and operated by magnetic or electrical device
at the end of a lever of large radius, thus giving the greatest sensitiveness.
In the case of direct magnetic control we make the wheels all of magnetic
material and by surrounding some or all of them with suitable magnetic coils we
cause attraction, contact and magnetic friction between them.
The electrical control may be derived either from a single coil or coils carrying
the current or excited by the electric pressure which it is desired to control, or 'if
great sensitiveness is required we use a relay which excites, one or more coils
alternatively or reverses the current in one coil by any of the usual methods.
Dated this 2nd day of December 1893.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in Electro Mechanical Governors, and in the Means of
Operating the same.
We WALTER THOMAS GOOLDEN, Electrical Engineer, and JOSEPH SLATER
LEWIS, Engineer, both of Woodfield Works, Woodfield Road, Harrow Road,
London, W., do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in electro mechanical governors and in
the means of operating the same, and relates more particularly to that class of
governors in which a pair of oppositely situated wheels are brought alternatively
into gear with an intermediate wheel, one or the other of these said wheels being
constantly in motion, producing a motion of the regulating mechanism in one
direction or another, as for example in Patent No. 5338 dated 16th day of
April 1886, granted to Walter Thomas Goolden, Alexander Pelham Trotter and
Henry Willcock Ravenshaw, and has for its object the rendering of the governor
more positive and sensitive in action and of reducing the cost of manufacture.
In most regulators of this class the necessary motion of either of the pair of
wheels or of the contained wheel is effected by sliding one or the other of them
upon a shaft, entailing considerable friction and loss of sensitiveness.
In the present invention this friction is indefinitely diminished by carrying the
shaft of the contained wheel, in a pivotted bearing so that the motion of the wheel
is in an arc of a circle of considerable radius, thus reducing the friction in
proportion as we increase the radius of the circle of movement of the contained
wheel.
This shaft may be kept constantly rotating, in which case the containing pair of
wheels operate the governing mechanism or the containing pair of wheels can be
made to constantly revolve and the shaft of the contained wheel can operate the
governing mechanism. The former arrangement is preferable, when the governing
mechanism requires considerable power to move it, as in the case of a steam engine
or turbine governor; the latter arrangement being preferable in the cases where
the governing mechanism moves easily such as in electrical governing by
resistances etc.
The operation of this intermediate or rocking shaft to put the contained wheel
into contact with either of the containing wheels is effected by either an electro-
mechanical or direct magnetic device.
In the former case we surround the shaft of the contained wheel with a collar,
which is pivotted in an arm of short radius, the said arm being carried by a lever
of large radius, operated by the magnetic or electrical device, thus giving the
greatest sensitiveness.
In the case of direct magnetic control we make the three wheels all of magnetic
material and by surrounding some or all of them with suitable magnetic coils, we
cause attractive contact and maguetic friction between them in such a manner as to
produce the desired result.
The electrical control may be derived either from a single coil or coils
carrying the currents or be excited by the electric pressure which it is desired
to control; or if great sensitiveness is required we use a relay which excites one
or more coils alternatively or reverses the current in one coil by any of the usual
methods.
In order that our invention may be the better understood we will now proceed to
describe the same in relation to the drawings hereunto annexed reference being
had to the letters and figures marked thereon.
Like letters refer to like parts in

page_text: the various figures. The electro mechanical method of governing is the type we
have selected for illustrating our invention but it must be understood that the other
methods are equally applicable.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of one form of carrying our invention into effect.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same.
.
Figures 3 and 4 are enlarged detail views of the contained wheel and its
connection with the operating lever.
Figure 5 shows diagrammatically the regulator, relay, and generating device
with their connections and circuits for such cases where great sensitiveness is
required.
In Figures 1 and 2 it will be seen that the containing wheels A and B are
mounted on a shaft C supported in bearings DD, the shaft C carrying a pulley E,
through which the wheels A and B are driven from any suitable source of power.
Upon a bracket F mounted on the base board G of the regulator, a lever H
consisting of two members placed side by side with a space between, is pivotted..
This lever. H has two long arms I and J which carry arinatures K and L
respectively upon which the electro magnets M and N act, the latter being fixed
to the base board G.
This lever H has a short arm O arranged at its central portion, to which a
collar P is pivotted. This collar P is adapted to embrace the shaft Q, so as to
allow the said shaft to turn loosely therein.
The shaft Q carries the contained wheel R and is mounted at its extreme upper
end in a pivotted bearing S, so as to allow of its movement sidewards, to engage
with either of the wheels A and B.
The shaft Q is screwed with a thread for the greater portion of its length, upon
which screwed portion a bridge piece T is threaded and engaged. This bridge
piece T forms the connection between the contact bars U and V, the bar V being
formed of a series of separate contacts connected to circuits of varying resistance.
When now the electromagnet N attracts the armature L the end J of the
lever H is raised and the contained wheel R is brought into contact with the
containing wheel B, which, by constantly rotating consequently transmits motion
to the contained wheel R, when the screwed shaft Q is revolved and the resistance
contacts are altered by the alteration of the position of the piece T. If the
electro magnet M attracts the lever H the reverse effect is produced.
In reference to Figure 5, the dynamo W is coupled up to a relay X which in
turn is connected to the regulator Y in which are shown the electro magnets M N
diagrammatically. The leads Z Z go to the main cables. The regulator Y being
situated in the shunt circuit from the mains across the dynamo, varies the resistance
of the shunt magnet coil circuit by inserting more or less of the varying resistances
according to the current or pressure in the mains.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1st. The combination in an electro-mechanical governor, of a contained wheel
mounted upon one end of a shaft, the said shaft being pivotably supported at the
end away from the contained wheel, a pair of containing wheels mounted upon a
shaft adapted to engage with the said contained wheel by contact therewith, an
electrical control device adapted to operate the rocking of the shaft of the contained
wheel, and means for operating the governor gear, substantially as described.
2nd. In an electro-mechanical governor, a screwed shaft, pivotably mounted at
one end, and having at its other end the contained wheel, a nut engaging on the
said shaft adapted to operate the control device of the electrical current, a double
ended long armed lever pivotted on a bearing, and having armatures at each end,
two electro-magnets adapted to operate upon the said two armatures, a short arm
upon the said lever pivotably carrying a collar embracing the said screwed shaft,

page_text: tand a pair of containing wheels fixed upon a shaft provided with means for driving
the shaft, substantially as described.
3rd. The construction and arrangement of an electro-mechanical governor,
substantially as described and illustrated in and by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of September 1894.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicants.