IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC HOISTS, CRANES, AND JIGGERS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, ARTHUR TANNETT WALKER of Hunslet near Leeds in the County of York,.
Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN HYDRAULIC HOISTS, CRANES, AND JIGGERS" to be as follows:-
"
This Invention has for its object the economy in use of water in hydraulic hoists,
cranes or jiggers.. -
To make the matter clear I will take an example a jigger.
Now when it is required to lower goods it is obvious that the empty block hook
must first be raised from the lower level to the upper. To raise this block hook as
much pressure water is commonly used or in other words as much coal is consumed
as if the full load for which the crane or jigger was constructed had been raised.
I prevent this waste by applying a small jigger to move the main jigger when the
load is not upon it.
To the hoisting ram head of an existing crane or jigger I apply a light wrought
iron crosshead, in fact the pin which carries the sheaves can be prolonged and serve
for attachment. To this I attach the end of a small chain which in its turn passes
over a small cylinder and ram of similar construction to the main hoisting cylinder
and ram.
This small cylinder and ram forms in fact a complete jigger and by
means of a valve I admit to it accumulator or other pressure and impart motion to
this jigger the end of whose chain is connected with the hoisting ram of the main
crane or jigger. Thereby I raise the said main ram and consequently the block
hook only using water required to raise the empty block hook. The main ram in
ascending is supplied with water. I fit it with a suction or supply valve and put
it in communication with the return water tank if available and if not with a
small special cast iron tank of about twice the capacity of the main hoisting ram in
question. When the hoisting ram stops in its upward course this valve closes.
The next thing to be done is to hang on to the block hook the weight or weights
to be lowered, raising them off the floor by admitting a little water from the
ordinary accumulator or working main. The load is lowered by opening a second
valve and the water in the main cylinder and, in the small auxiliary cylinder is.
discharged into the tank or return pipe or into the special tank above named.
In place of using an auxiliary jigger I sometimes apply small side rams to lift
the inain ram when the load is not upon it.

page_text: The action in the case of the side rams is as before the small side rams raise the
main ram and block hook. The main ram draws water like a pump as before
described either from the return tank and pipe or from a special tank placed near
the said crane hoist or jigger.
It is not necessary to fill the main cylinder with water and when I use side rams
I do not always propose to do so-a valve can be fitted to the cylinder which will
open and admit air when the ram ascends.
It is not necessary to have two separate valves one only with one lever, rope or
chain, will suffice, so constructed as to. raise the block hook only or raise the block
hook and the load.
Or I apply a special lightly loaded accumulator to raise the main ram and empty
block hook and a descending weight will force back the water used in raising the
block hook rendering it available for the next lift of the said block hook. The
waste is supplied by means of a small special stop valve in communication with
the main working or pressure pipe.
The
Shortly then this invention has for its object the conversion of an ordinary
bydraulic crane, hoist or jigger into a lowering apparatus either without con-
sumption of water or with just as much water as is required to raise the ram and
empty block hook. The auxiliary accumulator or recuperator as it might be called
is applicable to the working. of bridges and to any kind of hoist or crane.
auxiliary cylinder with ram and chains can also be constructed and used as a
means of obtaining double power in a crane, hoist or jigger and the auxiliary
accumulator or the recuperator can be used in connection with a hydraulic crane
for lowering heavy weights as for example such a crane as is used in lifting armour
plates and guns for immersion in oil in order to temper them.
Dated this 8th day of July 1885..

page_text: I, ARTHUR TANNETT WALKER of Hunslet, near Leeds in the County of York;
Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This Invention has for its object the economy in use of water in hydraulic hoists
cranes or jiggers.
To make the matter clear I will take an example a jigger.
Now when it is required to lower goods it is obvious that the empty block hook.
must first be raised from the lower level to the upper. To raise this block hook as
much pressure water is commonly used or in other words as much coal is consumed
as if the full load for which the crane or jigger was constructed had been raised..
I prevent this waste by applying a small jigger to move the main jigger when the
load is not upon it.
To the hoisting ram head of an existing crane or jigger I apply a light wrought
iron crosshead in fact the pin which carries the sheaves can be prolonged and serve
for attachment. To this I attach the end of a small chain which in its turn passes
over a small cylinder and ram of similar construction to the main hoisting cylinder
and ram.
This small cylinder and ram forms in fact a complete jigger and by
means of a valve I admit to it accumulator or other pressure and impart motion to
this jigger the end of whose chain is connected with the hoisting ram of the main
crane or jigger. Thereby I raise the said main ram and consequently the block
hook, only using water required to raise the empty block hook. The main ram in
ascending is supplied with water, I fit it with a suction or supply valve and put in
communication with the return water tank if available and if not with a small
special cast iron tank of about twice the capacity of the main hoisting ram in
question. When the hoisting ram stops in its upward course this valve closes.
The next thing to be done is to hang on to the block hook the weight or weights
to be lowered, raising them off the floor by admitting a little water from the
ordinary accumulator or working main. The load is lowered by opening a second
valve and the water in the main cylinder and in the small auxiliary cylinder is
discharged into the tank or return pipe or into the special tank above named.
In place of using an auxiliary jigger I sometimes apply small side rams to lift
the main ram when the load is not upon it.
The action in the case of the side rams is as before the small side rams raise the
main ram and block hook. The main ram draws water like a pump as before
described either from the return tank and pipe or from a special tank placed near
the said crane, hoist or jigger.
It is not necessary to fill the main cylinder with water and when I use side rams
I do not always propose to do so a valve can be fitted to the cylinder which will
open and admit air when the ram ascends.
It is not necessary to have two separate valves, one only with one lever, rope or
chain will suffice, so constructed as to raise the block hook only or raise the block.
hook and the load,
::

page_text: Figure 1 is a side elevation and Figure 2 is a front elevation of an hydraulic
jigger provided with auxiliary apparatus for lifting the empty block hook without
expenditure of water in the main cylinder.
Figure 3 is a portion of a front elevation of an hydraulic jigger with rams along
side the main ram for the like purpose.
Figure 4 is a side elevation and Figure 5 is a front elevation of an hydraulic
jigger provided with an auxiliary accumulator which serves to lift the empty block
hook without expenditure of the high pressure in the main accumulator.
The
In Figures 1 and 2 a is the main cylinder fixed usually at the top of the
building which the jigger serves, but it may be fixed at the lower part, b is the
main ram, cc' are sheaves beneath the main cylinder and above the ram
lifting chain or rope is made fast at one end, passes around the sheaves and (if the
jigger is at the top of the building) descends to the block hook to which the load is
attached. To raise a load attached to the block hook water from an accumulator
is admitted as usual to the cylinder a the ram b is forced up and the load rises.
d is a hand lever which controls the valve by which the water from the accumulator
passes into the cylinder a. To lower a load the valve at e is opened and the water
allowed to pass out of the cylinder a into the cistern f. To raise the empty block
hook after lowering the auxiliary cylinder 9 and the ram h is brought into
operation. A chain or rope i is connected with the main ram b it passes over a
guide pulley k and descends to and passes around the sheave h¹ carried by the
ram h; it is then made fast in a convenient position or it may pass over a sheave
on the top of the cylinder g before it is made fast. On water from the accumulator
being admitted to the cylinder g the ram h descends and the main ram b is hauled
up. The block hook then rises whilst water passes from the cistern finto the
cylinder a. In lowering when the ram a descends the ram h enters its cylinder g
and the water passes out from it into the tank f.
In Figure 3 a and b are the main cylinder and ram as before and I are two side
rams entering corresponding cylinders of small diameter.
The same valve admits water from the accumulator to all the cylinders for
lifting the load but when lifting the empty block hook a stop valve prevents the
water under pressure entering the main cylinder and this as its ram is lifted fills
with water from the cistern. In lowering the load the water is let back into the
cistern past a controlling valve.
·
In Figures 4 and 5 both the auxiliary.cylinder 9 of Figures 1 and 2 and the side
rams of Figure 3 are dispensed with and the cistern is replaced by an auxiliary
accumulator m under light pressure sufficient to raise the empty block hook.

page_text: When raising a load water from the main accumulator is admitted to the cylinder
in the usual manner. When lowering a load the cylinder a may be put into com-
munication with the auxiliary accumulator by opening the control valve n so as
to raise the counterpoise of this accumulator as the load descends. To raise the
empty block hook the water may be allowed to pass back from the accumulator m
into the main cylinder α.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. My improvement in hydraulic hoists cranes and jiggers consisting in com-
bining therewith an auxiliary jigger to lift the empty hook and gear whereby an
economy of power is obtained substantially as described.
2. My improvement in hydraulic hoists cranes and jiggers consisting in com-
bining therewith auxiliary cylinders and rams along side of the main cylinder and
ram to lift it when unloaded and to raise the hook without admitting liquid under
pressure to the main cylinder substantially as described.
3. My improvement in hydraulic hoists cranes and jiggers consisting in com-
bining therewith an auxiliary accumulator or receiver which receives liquid passing
out under pressure from the main cylinder when a load is lowered and which
supplies liquid to the main cylinder to raise the hook to receive another load
substantially as described.
4. My improvements in hydraulic hoists, cranes and jiggers substantially, as
described.