IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORGING AND SHAPING METALS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Campbell, John William Campbell, and John
Hunter, all of the Dolphin Foundry, Saynor Road, Hunslet, Leeds, in the
County of York, for the Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
FORGING AND SHAPING METALS."
Sealed the 22nd April 1879, and dated the 6th November 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Campbell, John
William Campbell, & John Hunter, at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 6th November 1878.
THOMAS CAMPBELL, JOHN WILLIAM CAMPBELL, and JOHN HUNTER, all of the
Dolphin Foundry, Saynor Road, Hunslet, Leeds, in the County of York. IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORGING AND SHAPING METALS."
$$
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for forging and
shaping metals.
For this purpose the anvil of the forging and shaping machinery is mounted in
such a manner that it can be turned around a vertical axis upon a carriage, which
carriage can be slid to and fro along a slide bed; the slide bed can also swivel on a
foundation block around a vertical axis at its centre. This axis is vertically below
the hammer block of a power hammer. By the arrangement above described lateral,
angular, circular, and swivelling motions can be given to the anvil
The power hammer can be worked by steam, air, water, or otherwise.
The motions described as being given to the anvil can also be applied to the.
hammer.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Campbell, John William Campbell, & John Hunter in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th May 1879.
THOMAS CAMPBELL, JOHN WILLIAM CAMPBELL, and JOHN HUNTER, all of the
Dolphin Foundry, Saynor Road, Hunslet, Leeds, in the County of York. IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORGING AND SHAPING METALS."
This-Invention-has-for-its object-improvements in machinery for forging and
shaping metals. For this purpose the anvil of the forging and shaping machinery
is mounted in such a manner that it can be turned around a vertical axis upon a
carriage, which carriage can be slid to and fro along a slide bed; the slide bed-can-
also swivel on a foundation block around a vertical axis. This axis is vertically
below the hammer block of a power hammer. By the arrangement above described
The
lateral, angular, circular, and swivelling motions can be given to the anvil.
power hammer can be worked by steam, air, water, or otherwise.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, we will proceed to describe
more fully the manner of performing the same.
Figure 1 shows a front elevation, and Figure 2 a side elevation, of a steam
hammer, having its anvil mounted in the manner above described. The arrange-
ments of the parts for controlling the admission of steam to the steam cylinder for
giving an up and down motion to the hammer head may be of any ordinary or
suitable kind, so that it is unnecessary to describe those shown in the Drawing
A is the anvil; B, the carriage on which it is mounted, in most cases in such a
manner that it can be turned in a horizontal plane; C, the slide bed, along which
the carriage can be moved to and fro; D, the axis, around which the slide bed can
be caused to swivel. This axis is vertically in a line with the central line of the
steam cylinder, and in the machine shewn in the Drawing is cast with the fixed
bed, but it might be formed on the slide bed.
Any suitable means may be employed for moving the carriage B along the slide
bed C. In the arrangement shewn in the Drawing an axis E, having a chain wheel
fixed on it at its centre, is mounted on the carriage, and the wheel gears into a
chain which extends from one end of the slide bed to the other, and is kept taut by
a nut screwed on to a screw stem, which is secured to one of its ends. G, G, are
heads on the ends of the axis E, with sockets formed in them to receive hand spikes
for turning the axis whenever the carriage is to be moved along the slid bed. To
turn the slide bed around the axis D band spikes may be inserted into holes forined
in the ends of the slide bed. The anvil itself may be of any desired form. One
form of anvil very suitable for general work is clearly shewn in the Drawing. By
mounting the anvil in the manner above described, it can be moved out from under
the hammer in any direction desired, and then be used for ordinary smith's work,
and the anvil itself can be turned into the position best adapted for the smith and
strikers to work at. Also, when using the power hammer, the anvil by reason of
the way in which it is mounted, can be turned and shifted to and fro horizontally,
and any part of the anvil so brought under the hammer, and the anvil brought into
the best position for effecting the work required to be done.
In Figures 3, 4, and 5 I have shewn another steam power hammer, adapted
especially for shaping the parts of steam boilers. In these Figures B is the carriage
upon which the anvil A is mounted, and C the swivelling slide bed. At Figure 3
is shewn how the hammer may be used for flanging outwards the ends of a cylinder
to form part of the shell of a steam boiler; the form of the hammer head and of
the acting face of the anvil, which are used for effecting this object, are clearly
shewn in the Drawing. The anvil is held from turning in its carriage by a cotter
driven in at Z. H is a roller support for the bottom edge of the plate to rest on.
The roller is carried by a slide I, which can be raised or lowered in a groove in the
carriage B. J is a square T headed bolt, which can also be raised or lowered in the

page_text: groove; its head keeps it from being drawn outwards from the groove. The
stem of the bolt passes through the slide I, and is locked to it by a cotter, as shown.,
Holes are formed through the carriage at intervals, into any of which a supporting
bar can be introduced to come below the stem of the bolt. J and hold it up. It will
be seen that as the anvil can be traversed along the slide bed, the position of the
anvil in respect to the hammer head can be accurately adjusted, and so used for
flanging plates of different thicknesses. Figure 3 also shews how a disc of metal
may similarly be flanged. The disc may have a hole at its centre to allow of its
being mounted on a pin K, carried by a slide received in the groove in the carriage,
and held in the same way by a T headed bolt; the pin K can thus be supported at
any desired height according to the diameter of the disc to be flanged.
In the same way a flange may be formed around the edges of oblong plates; in
this case, if the length of the plate requires it, a gap may be left in the fixed bed
of the machine, as shewn by the dotted lines at X, Figure 3, for the lower part of
the plate to pass through. To allow the plate to pass, the swivelling slide bed
would have to be turned a quarter round, and the anvil also turned in its carriage,
to then bring it to the correct position. To lock the carriage to the swivelling
slide bed, and the swivelling slide bed to the fixed bed pin stops are used, which can
readily be removed.
Figure 4 shows how the hammer may be used for welding together the edges of
a plate which has been bent into the form of a cylinder; the carriage B in this case
is moved towards one end of the slide bed C, and an anvil block placed into it that
carries a stout bar L, the bar being locked to the block by cotters M, as shewn. The
bar L serves to support the cylinder under the hammer. By causing the carriage
to traverse along the slide bed different parts of the joint can be brought in succes-
sion under the hammer.
Figure 5 shows how the hammer may be used for flanging the end of conical, or
it might be parallel tubes, such as are commonly used in steam boilers. The way
of forming the anvil block to allow of this being done is shewn in the Drawing.
The carriage is first moved along the slide bed to bring it from under the hammer;
the tube to be flanged is then dropped into the carriage, and (when the smaller end
of a conical tube is to be flanged) the anvil placed over it. The carriage is then
moved back along the bed to bring the tube in position for one portion of the
circumference of its upper end to be acted on by the hammer. By turning the anvil
in its carriage all parts of the circumference of the end of the tube can be brought
in succession under the hammer. The anvil can be turned by a hand spike inserted
into one of the holes formed around the anvil, or in a filling piece below it, as shown
at Y, Y. For small sizes of tube loose swages of the form to which the end of the
tube is to be brought may be used to act at once on the whole end of the tube
instead of turning the anvil, and acting on a portion only of the end of the tube at
each blow. The tube is supported by a bar passed through one or other of the holes
that are formed in the carriage, as shown.
For effecting several of the operations which, as above stated, I am enabled to
perform by reason of the anvil being mounted on a carriage, which can be moved
to and fro along a swivelling slide bed, it is essential that the hammer head should
be guided truly in its up and down movement. To ensure this we make the guides
of the hammer block adjustable, and so that as they become worn they can be set up
towards the block by screws and nuts, as shewn at Figures 1 and 2. The form of
the guides and hammer block is shewn in cross section at Figure 6. Also for
effecting many of the operations, which can be performed with power hammers
having an anvil mounted in the manner hereinbefore described, it is necessary that
the hammer head should be capable of being turned a half or quarter turn in either
direction in the block which holds it. To effect this we form the hammer head with
a cylindrical stem to enter a corresponding socket in the hammer block, and we form
flats on each side of the stem of the hammer head, to allow of its being held into
the socket by cotters, as shewn.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of performing

page_text: the same, we would have it understood that we claim as our improvements in
machinery for forging and shaping metals,
First. Mounting the anvil or pivotting it upon a carriage, which can be slid to
and fro along a slide_bed_capable.of being-swivelled in-a-horizontal-plane-around-an
axis vertically below the hammer head.
Second. Mounting the anvil upon a carriage (which can be shifted to and fro along
a horizontal slide bed) in such a manner that the anvil can be turned on a pivot or
swivelled-in-a-horizontal-plane-in-the-carriage.
Third. The construction of machinery for forging and shaping metals, substan-
tially as herein before described, and shewn in the Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Hunter, have hereunto set my hand and
-seal, this Fifth day of May, in the year-of-our Lord-One thousand eight
hundred and seventy nine."
JOHN HUNTER. (L.S.)

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Campbell, John William Campbell, and John
Hunter, all of the Dolphin Foundry, Saynor Road, Hunslet, Leeds, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
FORGING AND SHAPING METALS."
Sealed the 22nd April 1879, and dated the 6th November 1878..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Campbell, John
William Campbell, & John Hunter, at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 6th November 1878.
THOMAS CAMPBELL, JOHN WILLIAM CAMPBELL, and JOHN HUNTER, all of the
Dolphin Foundry, Saynor Road, Hunslet, Leeds, in the County of York. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORGING AND SHAPING METALS."
This Invcution has for its object improvements in machinery for forging and
shaping metals.
For this purpose the anvil of the forging and shaping machinery is mounted in
such a manner that it can be turned around a vertical axis upon a carriage, which
carriage can be slid to and fro along a slide bed; the slide bed can also swivel on a
foundation block around a vertical axis at its centre. This axis is vertically below.
the hammer block of a power hammer. By the arrangement above described lateral,
angular, circular, and swivelling motions can be given to the anvil.
The power hammer can be worked by steam, air, water, or otherwise.
The motions described as being given to the anvil can also be applied to the
hammer.

page_text: -SPECIFICATION -in-pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Campbell, John William Campbell, & John Hunter in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th May 1879.
THOMAS CAMPBELL, JOHN WILLIAM CAMPBELL, and JOHN HUNTER, all of the
Dolphin Foundry, Saynor Road, Huñšlét, Leeds, in the County of York.
"IMPROVE-
MENTS. IN MACHINERY FOR FORGING AND SHAPING METALS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for forging and
shaping metals. For this purpose the anvil of the forging and shaping machinery
is mounted in such a manner that it can be turned around a vertical axis_upon_a
carriage, which carriage can be slid to and fro along a slide bed; the slide bed can
also swivel on a foundation block around a vertical axis. This axis is vertically
below the hammer block of a power hammer. By the arrangement above described
lateral, angular, circular, and swivelling motions can be given to the anvil. The
power hammer can be worked by steam, air, water, or otherwise.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, we will proceed to describe
more fully the manner of performing the saine.
Figure 1 shows a front elevation, and Figure 2 a side elevation, of a steam
hammer, having its anvil mounted in the manner above described. The arrange-
ments of the parts for controlling the admission of steam to the steam cylinder for
giving an up and down motion to the hammer bead may be of any ordinary or
suitable kind, so that it is unnecessary to describe those shewn in the Drawing.
: A is the anvil; B, the carriage on which it is mounted, in most cases in such a
manner that it can be turned in a horizontal plane; C, the slide bed, along which
the carriage can be moved to and fro; D, the axis; around which the slide bed can
be caused to swivel. This axis is vertically in a line with the central line of the
steam cylinder, and in the machine shewn in the Drawing is cast with the fixed
bed, but it might be formed on the slide bed.
Any suitable means may be employed for moving-the carriage B along the slide
bed C. In the arrangement shewn in the Drawing an axis E, having a chain wheel
fixed on it at its centre, is mounted on the carriage, and the wheel gears into a
chain which extends from one end of the slide bed to the other, and is kept taut by
anut screwed on to a screw stem, which is secured to one of its ends. G, G, áré
heads on the ends of the axis E, with sockets formed in them to receive hand spikes
for turning the axis whenever the carriage is to be moved along the slid bed. To
turn the slide bed around the axis D hand spikes may be inserted into holes formed
in the ends of the slide bed. The anvil itself may be of any desired form. One
form of anvil very suitable for general work is clearly shewn in the Drawing. By
mounting the anvil in the manner above described, it can be moved out from under
the hammer in any direction desired, and then be used for ordinary smith's work,.
and the anvil itself can be turned into the position. best adapted for the smith and
strikers to work at. Also, when using the power hammer, the anvil by reason of
the way in which it is mounted, can be turned and shifted to and fro.horizontally,,
and any part of the anvil so brought under the hammer, and, the anvil brought into.
the best position for effecting the work required to be done.
In Figures 3, 4, and 5 I have shewn another steam power hammer, adapted.
especially for shaping the parts of steam boilers. In these Figures B is the carriage
upon which the anvil A is mounted, and C. the swivelling slide bed. At. Figure 3
is shewn how the hammer may be used for flanging outwards the ends of a cylinder!
to form part of the shell of a steam boiler; the form of the hammer head and of
the acting face of the anvil, which are used for effecting this object, are clearly
shewn in the Drawing. The anvil is held from turning in its carriage by a cotter
driven in at Z. H is a roller support for the bottom edge of the plate to rest on.
The roller is carried by a slide I, which can be raised or lowered in a groove in the
carriage B. J is a square T headed bolt, which can also be raised or lowered in the

page_text: groove; its Théad keeps it from being drawn outwards from the groove. The
stem of the bolt passes through the slide I, and is locked to it by a cotter, as shewn.
Holes are formed through the carriage at intervals, into any of which a supporting
bar can be introduced to come below the stem of the bolt J and hold it up. It will
be seen that as the anvil can be traversed along the slide bed, the position of the
anvil in respect to the hammer head can be accurately adjusted, and so used for
flanging plates of different thicknesses. Figure 3 also shews how a disc of metal
may similarly be flanged. The disc may have a hole at its centre to allow of its
being mounted on a pin K, carried by a slide received in the groove in the carriage,
and held in the same way by a T headed bolt; the pin K can thus be supported at
any desired height. according to the diameter of the disc to be flanged.
In the same way a flange may be formed around the edges of oblong plates; in
this case, if the length of the plate requires it, a gap.may be left in the fixed bed
of the machine, as shewn by the dotted lines at X, Figure 3, for the lower part of
the plate to pass through. To allow the plate to pass, the swivelling slide bed
would have to be turned a quarter round, and the anvil-also turned in its carriage,
to then bring it to the correct position. To lock the carriage to the swivelling
slide bed, and the swivelling slide bed to the fixed bed pin stops are used, which can
readily be removed.
Figure 4 shows how the hammer may be used for welding together the edges of
a plate which has been bent into the form of a cylinder; the carriage B in this case
is moved towards one end of the slide bed C, and an anvil block placed into it that
carries a stout bar L, the bar being locked to the block by cotters M, as shewn. The
bar L serves to support the cylinder under the hammer. By causing the carriage
to traverse along the slide bed different parts of the joint can be brought in succes-
sion under the hammer.
Figure 5 shows how the hammer may be used for flanging the end of conical, or
it might be parallel tubes, such as are commonly used in steam boilers. The way
of forming the anvil block to allow of this being done is shewn in the Drawing.
The carriage is first moved along the slide bed to bring it from under the hammer;
the tube to be flanged is then dropped into the carriage, and (when the smaller end
of a conical tube is to be flanged) the anvil placed over it. The carriage is then
moved back along the bed to bring the tube in position for one portion of the
circumference of its upper end to be acted on by the hammer. By turning the anvil
in its carriage all parts of the circumference of the end of the tube can be brought
in succession under the hammer. The anvil can be turned by a hand spike inserted
into one of the holes formed around the anvil, or in a filling piece below it, as shown
at Y, Y. For small sizes of tube loose swages of the form to which the end of the
tube is to be brought may be used to act at once on the whole end of the tube
instead of turning the anvil, and acting on a portion only of the end of the tube at
each blow. The tube is supported by a bar passed through one or other of the holes
that are formed in the carriage, as shown.
For effecting several of the operations which, as above stated, I am enabled to
perforin by reason of the anvil being mounted on a carriage, which can be moved
to and fro along a swivelling slide bed, it is essential that the hammer head should
be guided truly in its up and down movement. To ensure this we make the guides
of the haminer block adjustable, and so that as they become worn they can be set up
towards the block by screws and nuts, as shewn at Figures 1 and 2. The form of
the guides and hammer block is shewn in cross section at Figure 6. Also for
effecting many of the operations, which can be performed with power hammers
having an anvil mounted in the manner hereinbefore described, it is necessary that
the hammer head should be capable of being turned a half or quarter turn in either
direction in the block which holds it. To effect this we form the hammer head with
a cylindrical stem to enter a corresponding socket in the hammer block, and we form
flats on each side of the stem of the hammer head, to allow of its being held into
the socket by cotters, as shewn.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of performing

page_text: the same, we would have it understood that we claim as our improvements in
machinery for forging and shaping metals,
First. Mounting the anvil or pivotting it upon a carriage, which can be slid to
and fro-along-a-slide-bed-capable.of being swivelled in a horizontal plane around an
axis vertically below the hammer head.
Second. Mounting the anvil upon a carriage (which can be shifted to and fro along
a horizontal slide bed) in such a manner that the anvil can be turned on a pivot or
swivelled in a horizontal plane in the carriage.
Third. The construction of machinery for forging and shaping metals, substan-
tially as herein before described, and shewn in the Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Hunter, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy nine.
JOHN HUNTER. (L.S.)