IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING AND CLEANING METALS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Carl Möllmann, of Iserlohn, Prussia, Partner in the Firm
of Kissing and Möllmann, at Iserlohn, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN DRAWING AND CLEANING METALS.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Carl Möllmann at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd July 1878.
"
CARL MOLLMANN, of Iserlohn, Prussia, Partner in the Firm of Kissing and
Möllmann, at Iserlohn. IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING AND CLEANING METALS.".
This Invention has for its object improvements in drawing and cleaning metal.
For this purpose 1 employ an apparatus formed of a hollow cylinder A, of cast steel.
in which are four rollers a, a, b, b', carried in the form of a cross by supports
S1, S2, S3, S4, and capable of turning freely on axes carried by these supports. The
rollers a, a, have around them a groove of greater width than depth, so that there
is an oval opening between these rollers. The rollers b, b, have around them a
semi-circular groove, so that when brought opposite to and against one another
there is a circular opening between them of the exact size of the wire which it is
desired to form by the apparatus.
Set screws C, C, C, C, allow of giving at pleasure to the supports which carry
the rollers a backward or forward movement in order to bring the rollers as near to
one another as desired.
A projection B from the cylindrical casing A has in it two holes m, m, to allow
of the apparatus being screwed to a bench. The cylinder A is pierced at L, that is,
between the four rollers, so that a liquid supplied at the top when the apparatus is
being used descends between the rollers, passes over the metal that is being worked,
and can run off at the bottom.
The metal to be worked, for example, a rolled rod or wire, is brought to the
desired diameter at one of its ends by any ordinary mechanism used for reducing

page_text: the ends of wires; it is then introduced between the oval grooved rollers, and these
conduct it between the circular grooved rollers, so that the end may be seized by
the grippers or holders of the drawing apparatus, and the wire thereby drawn
forward between the rollers. The four rollers then revolve and act as an ordinary
rolling mill. The wire is first compressed so as to give it an oval form and draw it
down, then it is again brought to the circular form. By reason of the alterations
in form of the section of the wire the coating or crust of metallic oxide is. broken
and separated from the metal; it results that the jet of soap and water or other
liquid that will act in an analogous way introduced through the opening between
the two pairs of rollers carries the oxide immediately towards the bottom, and in
this-way a perfect cleaning-of-the-wire is obtained_at_the_same time that its section
is reduced. For the further drawing down of the wire no oxide has to be removed.
but the use of soap and water is still necessary to keep the apparatus and wire
cool. By repeating the operation the section of the wire can be reduced to any
extent desired.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Paient filed by
the said Carl Mällmann in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd January
1879.
CARL MULLMANN, of Iserlohn, Prussia. Partner in the Firm of Kissing and
Möllmann, at Iserlohn. IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING AND CLEANING METALS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in drawing and cleaning metal.
For this purpose we employ an apparatus formed of a hollow cylinder A of cast steel,
in which are four rollers a, a, b, b. carried in the form of a cross by supports
S1, S2, S, S', and capable of turning freely on axes carried by these supports. The
rollers a, a, have around them a groove of greater width than depth, so that there
The rollers b, b, have around them a
is an oval opening between these rollers.
semicircular groove, so that when brought opposite to and against one another
there is a circular opening between them of the exact size of the wire which it is
desired to form by the apparatus.
Set screws C, C. C2, C, allow of giving at pleasure to the supports which carry
the rollers a backward or forward movement in order to bring the rollers as near to
one another as desired.
A projection B, from the cylindrical casing A. has in it two holes m. m, to allow
of the apparatus being screwed to a bench. The cylinder A is pierced at L. that is,
between the four rollers, so that a liquid supplied at the top when the apparatus is
being used descends between the rollers, passes over the metal that is being worked,
and can run off at the bottom.
The metal to be worked, for example, a rolled rod or wire, is brought to the
desired diameter at one of its ends by any ordinary mechanism used for reducing the
ends of wires; it is then introduced between the oval grooved rollers, and these
conduct it between the circular grooved rollers, so that the end may be seized by
the grippers or holders of the drawing apparatus, and the wire thereby drawn
forward between the rollers. The four rollers then revolve and act as an ordinary
rolling mill. The wire is first compressed so as to give it an oval form and draw it
down, then it is again brought to the circular form. By reason of the alterations
in form of the section of the wire the coating or crust of metallic oxide is broken
and separated from the metal; it results that the jet of soap and water or other
liquid that will act in an analogous way introduced through the opening between
the two pairs of rollers carries the oxide immediately towards the bottom, and it
this way a perfect cleaning of the wire is obtained at the same time that its section
is reduced. For the further drawing down of the wire no oxide has to be removed,
but the use of soap and water is still necessary to keep the apparatus and wire
cool. By repeating the operation the section of the wire can be reduced to any
extent desired.
The advantages obtained by the use of this apparatus are as follows:-
1. The entire suppression of the use of corrosive liquids or scouring baths.
2. The entire suppression of ordinary draw plates.
3. The consumption of less power than by the ordinary methods.
4. A more compact product is obtained.
5. Greater softness in the product obtained.
6. Considerable economy of hand labour, as one workman can affend to several
apparatus.
. The wire is no longer forn by the drawing process, but always retains ita
proper form.
S. The waste produced is almost nothing.
9. The cost of the apparatus is very small.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention.and the manner of performing
the same. I would have it understood that I claim.-
First. The combined arrangement of apparatus for drawing or cleaning metal
rods or wire, substantially as herein-before described.

page_text: Second. The use of the four cylinders placed in pairs, one behind the other,
and in the form of a cross, substantially in the manner herein-before described.
Third. The use of soap and water or other liquid acting in an analogous way
to remove the oxide which is mechanically separated from the metal at the
time when the wire passes between the rollers.
In witness whereof. 1, the said Carl Möllmann, have hereunto sei my hand and
seal, this Twenty-third day of December. in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
CARL MOLLMANN. (L.S.)