Improvements in and relating to the Printing of Wall Papers, applicable also to the Printing of. Posters and the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Printing of Wall Papers,
applicable also to the Printing of. Posters and the like.
I, HAROLD WILLIAM SANDERSON, of Chiswick, in the County of Surrey,
Manufacturer of Paper Hangings, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to Improvements in and relating to the Printing of Wall
Papers, applicable also to the Printing of Posters and the like and the objects of
my invention are to print wall papers with much less color and with different
quality of color so that a sharp outline of the pattern printed on the paper may be
obtained from a printing roller having the pattern in relief, also that the pattern
printed shall be more artistic and finished in appearance, the colors of a better
quality and the whole effect superior to paper hangings printed by means of raised
rollers in the hitherto usual manner, and also to enable posters to be printed on
one machine instead of printing each color on a separate machine, which objects
I attain in the manner hereinafter described.
"
It has hitherto been customary to print wall papers with "colors" consisting of
suitable pigments mixed with water and size, and in some cases pigments mixed
with oil or varnish, said "colors" being "thin " or fluid; and in printing with such
"colors
means have been used whereby a plentiful supply of such "colors"
reaches the printing roller which has formed or raised on its periphery any desired
pattern or design. The consequence is that the designs hitherto printed on wall
papers by means of a raised roller are comparatively dull and not sharp in outline,
and on account of a comparatively large quantity of thin "color" being supplied to
the printing roller, it has hitherto been practically impossible by means of a raised
roller to print wall paper with a design having in its composition fine lines, stippled
effects and brush marks, nor has it been hitherto possible to get that rich and
delicate effect in solid, heavy work which I am enabled to produce by my
invention, and in printing posters and like pictorial advertisements, it has hitherto
been necessary when using several colored inks, to print each of the colors
separately.
This last named defect I overcome by means of a series of printing rollers all
printing on one drum in the manner hereinafter described, whereby I am enabled
to print several colors on one machine at the same time.
The former defects I overcome by supplying a comparatively small quantity of
printing ink, or lithographic ink sufficiently thinned down, to the printing roller,
said ink being of much thicker consistence and more suitable for fine work than the
"colors" hitherto employed. Said ink is supplied to the printing roller by means
substantially as shown in the accompanying drawing, which represents in side
elevation and partly in section the arrangement of the different parts.
In carrying my invention into practice, I construct a pair of opposite side frames
of any suitable material and having any desired shape or form, which side frames
are adapted, by means of bearings, to carry a shaft A upon which a suitably con-
structed drum B is mounted. At a suitable part of said side frames I provide a
pair of opposite sliding bearings C the arrangement of the slides being such that
the said bearings C may be adjusted in any desired direction relative to the drum B.
Said bearings C serve to support a spindle E upon which a printing roller F is
mounted, which printing roller is formed or provided on its periphery with any
desired design engraved so as to leave the design in relief, or any required design
may be reproduced from the wood engraving by stereotype, electrotype or other

page_text: وو
well known method and mounted on the printing roller, or any suitable design may
be produced by any well known process such as zincograph and photo process and
mounted on the printing roller. In convenient proximity to said printing roller F,
I provide a "duct
or fountain" G which is adjusted with a suitable ink roller H
adapted to be revolved as hereinafter described, and vibrator K. Said "duct" or
"fountain" G is adapted to receive the printing ink, or the lithographic ink
sufficiently thinned down, and for the purpose of regulating the supply of such ink
on to the ink roller H, said "duct" is constructed so that a "knife or the like L
may, by means of set screws M, be set further from or closer to the said ink roller H
so as to allow a greater or less quantity of such ink to be carried on said revolving
ink roller. Said roller H receives its rotating motion from the pitch wheel or other
suitable source, by means of suitable gearing in the usual manner, and for the
purpose of imparting vibratory movement to the vibrator K, I form or provide one
of the gear wheels referred to with an arm N by means of which the rearwardly
extending end 0 of the rocking frame P is depressed and consequently the opposite
end of said rocking frame which carries the vibrator K, is raised until the said
vibrator K comes in contact with the ink transmitting roller Q so that compara-
tively only a small quantity of ink is transferred from the "duct" G to the roller Q.
For the purpose of obtaining an even distribution of the ink on the roller Q,
I provide two or more ink distributing rollers Q', and I prefer also to cause the
roller Q to vibrate in the direction of its length, and for the purpose of inking the
printing roller F, I provide two or more inking rollers R which are in contact both
with the ink transmitting roller Q and the printing roller F as shown, and in order
to further ensure an even distribution of the ink on to the printing roller F, I prefer
to provide one or more additional inking rollers R' which receive their ink from
the inking rollers R by means of one or more intermediate rollers R².
The diameter of the printing roller F depends upon the length of the pattern or
design being printed, and in order that, within reasonable limits, a printing roller
of any desired diameter may be used, I provide the sliding or adjustable bearing C
as hereinbefore described. The rollers Q Q', R, R', K2, are also supported in
adjustable bearings so that they may be adjusted and set to suit a printing roller of
larger or smaller diameter. The drum B serves to support the paper S whilst being
printed, and in order that the pressure of the printing roller F against the paper
shall not injure the latter, and also so that all the fine lines may be more readily
printed, I dispense with the usual comparatively thick blanket or felt which is
wound around the drum, and fix to said drum any suitable thin material so that the
surface thereof will be comparatively hard, in place of the soft surface hitherto
employed in the printing of wall papers by means of raised rollers.
"
For the purpose of printing any required number of different colors, I provide a
relative number of printing rollers around the drum B each of which printing rollers
would have a separate "duct or "fountain" and rollers as described so that a
relative number of differently colored inks may be used, and by causing one or
more colored inks to be printed on portions of the wall paper posters and the like,
which have been already printed with a differently colored ink, it will be evident
that many requisite shades and colors may be obtained. Also any number of
arms N or their equivalents may be provided so that the vibrator K may have
imparted to it a relatively larger number of movements or vibrations, and the
rollers which come in contact with the ink may be made of any well known and
suitable material.
If desired, a suitable ground may be printed on the wall paper or poster, before
the pattern or design is printed thereon, such grounding being printed in the same
manner as the design or pattern, the printing roller being plain or provided with
fine lines or stippled.
By the means hereinbefore described, the patterns or designs printed on the wall
paper, poster or the like, will be well defined, the designs may be made to represent
chromo-lithographic work, or letterpress work; and designs printed on wall papers
may be more delicate and permanent than the designs printed in the hitherto usual

page_text: manner by means of raised rollers, further, on account of the ink being supplied in
comparatively small quantity there is less liability of dust being collected on the
printed wall paper, and I am also by these means enabled to completely print
posters or other like pictorial advertisements on one of my machines thereby
avoiding the necessity of having to print each of the colors separately.
Wall papers printed as aforesaid are also washable and highly sanitary, conse-
quently they are better for use than wall papers printed in the hitherto usual manner
by means of raised rollers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed; I declare that what I
claim is
1. Wall papers having the pattern or design printed thereon by a printing roller
or printing rollers on which the design is raised or in relief, the said wall papers
being printed on a comparatively hard surface with printing ink, or lithographic
ink sufficiently thinned down, said ink being supplied to the printing rollers afore-
said in small quantity as required by a vibrator or vibrators and intermediate rollers
for the purposes and substantially as set forth.
2. In a wall paper printing machine, the combination of a "duct"
G, ink
roller H which is adapted to receive rotary motion from any desired source by
means of suitable gearing, ink carrying roller Q, ink distributing rollers Q1, inking
rollers R, R', intermediate roller R², printing roller F, vibrator K adapted to be
brought into contact with the carrying roller by means of an arm or arms N the
rollers Q, Q, R, R', R2 and F being supported in adjustable bearings, all adapted,
arranged and operating for the purposes and substantially as described and
illustrated.
3. In a wall paper printing machine, the combination of a series of printing
rollers F, each provided with a "duct or "fountain" and the necessary intermediate
rollers all for the purpose and substantially as set forth.
•
4. Posters printed on a machine having a series of printing rollers adapted
to print in conjunction on one drum for the purposes and substantially as set
forth.
5. In a poster printing machine, the combination of "ducts "G, ink rollers H
which are adapted to receive rotary motion from any desired source by means of
suitable gearing, ink carrying rollers Q, ink distributing rollers Q', inking
rollers R, R', intermediate rollers R², printing rollers F, vibrators K, each adapted
to be brought into contact with its relative carrying rollers Q by means of an arm
or arms N, the rollers Q, Q, R, R', R2 and F, being supported in adjustable
bearings, all adapted, arranged and operating for the purposes and substantially as
described and illustrated.
Dated this 29th dar of Nov 1001
HORN & SON,
Applicant's Agents.