Improvements in Apparatus for Combing Cotton and other Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 9th Aug., 1889-Accepted, 14th Sept., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Combing Cotton and other Fibrous
Materials.
A communication to me from abroad by HENRY LEVER and ROBERT REDFORD, of
Methuen, Massachusetts, in the United States of America.
CHARLES LEVER of 40 Brazennose Street Manchester in the County of Lancaster
Law Stationer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
--
This invention relates to that class of apparatus for combing cotton and other fibrous
materials for which Letters Patent (dated 20th February 1873 No. 651) were granted
to Michael Henry-And also to an improvement upon the subject matter of other
Letters Patent granted to John Muir Hetherington dated 21st January 1876 No. 254
wherein a current of air was employed to draw the ends of the tufts of cotton or other
fibrous material between rotary clamps, and a table or platform was used for laying
the fibres on.
According to the present invention it is still proposed to use the table or platform
and a kind of rotary clamps or revolving nippers, and to add thereto other parts
whereby the current of air may be dispensed with and increased efficiency is
secured.
The improved machine is made of such a width as to operate upon two laps of cotton
or other fibrous material at a time. It is provided with a main driving shaft fitted
with fast and loose pulleys.
Against a disc fixed upon this shaft a cam is adjustable by means of a bolt and
slot.
This cam works the feed-nipper.
On the same shaft is also a small cam for working the top combs which are actuated
in the usual manner.
Also on the same shaft there is keyed a wheel with ene tooth or peg for working a star
wheel, and cast to the former is a bevil wheel gearing with a similar wheel on a cross
shaft mounted in suitable bearings.
At the other end of this cross shaft is another bevil wheel acinating a bevil wheel to
which is cast or fixed a spur wheel actuating a similar wheel keyed upon the brush
shaft.
Upon the star wheel is a spur pinion gearing into a spur wheel on the feed roller
shaft, and on the other end of this latter is a bevil wheel giving motion to the lap
roilers in the usual way.
At the other end of the brush shaft is a bevil wheel actuating a similar wheel
on a cross shaft on which is a worm gearing with a worm wheel on the doffer
shaft.
In a groove in the cam above named (that on the main shaft) runs a bowl
carried by a lever adjustable on a bracket keyed on a shaft which actuates the feed-
nipper.
On this shaft are keyed two levers, and at the end of each of these levers is a
swivel connected by a link and lever to the feed-nipper.
The feed nipper frame swings loosely on the fulcrum of the levers which carry
the feed nipper and is provided with a cushion plate extending half its length and
covered with flannel and leather in the usual way-On the other half is a similar
adjustable plate covered in the same manner.
This adjustable cushion plate is mounted upon springs, and its height is regulated
by set screws and locknuts, the nipper frame being held in position by strong
springs and adjustable stops.

page_text: The lap rollers are supported on two brackets and the fibres proceed from them
down the back tin in the centre of which is a strip to form a division between the
two laps.
The revolving nipper is carried by rings cast to each end of a long tube or bors
mounted on a shaft which is driven by means of spur gearing from the main
driving shaft, notches being made in the said rings to allow the top jaw of the said
nipper to swing back.
The revolving nipper consists of a long har fitting on the rings and fastened
thereto by screws. Two holes are formed therein (one at each end) into which are
fixed two studs for carrying the nipper lovers. Two snugs aro also formed on this
part which carry the loose upper jaw of the revolving nipper.
On the upper end of the nipper levers which are mounted on the aforesaid studs is
formed a slot in which work studs which are carried by projections from the loose
jaw, whereby the latter may be opened and shut. At the other end of each nipper lever
is an adjustable bowl.
On the fixed part of the revolving nipper is mounted a very fine comb which can
be adjusted by means of excentrics to regulate the depth to which the needles or
teeth enter the fibres as hereinafter explained.
There are three such revolving nippers mounted on the rings aforesaid at equal
distances apart, and between these and at suitable distances therefrom are mounted
(on similar rings east on the same boss) segmental combs having coarse needles or
teeth, there being no very fine needles for the reason hereinafter described.
The points of the needles that are on the segments form an are of a circle 7 inches
and gths in diameter, that of the revolving nippers being only 7 inches and conse-
quently there are nearly ths of an inch of fibre projecting from the said nippers,
which has been combed out by the segmental combs.
By these means the in-and-ont movement of the feed nipper can be dispensed
with.
The revolving nipper shaft is drawn from the main shaft by a pair of spur wheels
mounted excentrically so as to impart an alternate fast and slow motion thereto in
order to give more time for the fibres to enter the nippers and the latter to close
gently and also to give more time to make the delivery.
There are two guards fixed outside the orbit of the revolving nipper bowls to
keep the nippers almost closed as they are passing the centre at the front, after
which they are gradually curved outwards, and the bowls are guided along this
curve by a cam fixed inside their orbit.
Following these two guards are two curved plates which gently rise in a circle
from the lower towards the upper end where they curve with a very quick turn
towards the central shaft-These plates are mounted upon fixed studs at about the
point where they follow the guards and are prolonged below the latter and at or
near the end of each is attached a chain which passes over a pulley and supports
a suitable weight which holds the said prolongation against a regulating screw fixed
in the frame, and thus maintains the curved plates in their working position.
On a convenient bracket fixed to the frame, and at the top thereof is mounted a
shaft upon which is keyed a spur pinion.
This pinion gears with a quadrant mounted at one end of a lever, at the other end
of which is a bowl running in a grooved cam fixed upon a long boss carried by
the aforesaid bracket and driven by a spur wheel loose on the revolving nipper
shaft This spur wheel receives a regular motion from the main driving shaft-On
this long boss is a pinion which actuates the front calender roller.
On the same boss there is also mounted a second cam provided with a groove and
placed back to back with the former one.
In the groove of this cam works a bowl at one end of a lever the other end of
which carries a second quadrant gearing with a pinion fixed or formed on a long
bush or tube mounted on the same shaft as the quadrant pinion before mentioned.
The other end of this bush is provided with a flange to which is bolted another

page_text: flange carrying a somewhat similar bush or tube-Near the centre of this second
bush is a swell extending half way round the same being chambered out and
open beneath-In this swell works a boss keyed or fixed on the shaft and carrying a
peg or pin provided with a bowl.
The latter acts upon a lever the other end of which works against a bowl on a sliding
lifter rod-At the other end of this lifter rod is a second howl abutting against a tail
piece attached to. or formning part of, a hinged plate (hereafter called the "delivery
plate" or detainer the lower edge of which plate works upon the fixed table as
hereinafter mentioned.
"
This hinged plate and the sliding lifter are carried on an arm or bracket keyed
upon the long bush before named close to the "swell "-The tail piece is connected at
its end by a spring to a projection from the bracket which holds it down on the
table.
This projection is so formed or bent that it extends over the said "swell" between
two snugs where it is adjusted between two set screws.
This projection on the bracket is also provided with a set screw abutting against the
end of the lever which works the sliding lifter this last named lever is also carried by
this bracket.
Thus the hinged delivery plate or detainer can be moved forward or backwards by
the long bush and swell" acting on the bracket, and lifted or lowered by the shaft,
howl, sliding lifter, and spring.
Immediately in front of this table are the back and front delivery rollers followed by
the front fin conductor and the calender rollers.
The delivery rollers are actuated by a star wheel which is driven by a pin on a
plate driven by a spur wheel gearing with the same wheel on the revolving nipper
shaft which actuates the two cams above mentioned and the calendering rollers.
The segmental combs are cleaned by a brush stripped by a card roller or doffer
which is cleaned by a doffer comb.
The action of the machine is as follows:-
The material from the laps passes down the back tin and through the feed rollers
into and through the feed nipper from which it projects, the said feed nipper being
then open.
The said nipper now closes so as to hold the fibres and descends still further the
cushion plates being carried down with it-By this time the needles on the first strip
of the segmental comb are in the fibres-The feed nipper then stands still till all the
needles have passed through.
While this is taking place the feed rollers make a slight turn-The combs having
passed through the fibres the feed nipper goes down further, the revolving nipper comes
up behind the combs.
Just before the revolving nipper is shut the top comb comes down nearly to the
fibre the revolving nipper then closes and continuing to rise takes up the slack that is
between the inside of the feed nipper and the feed rollers.
The fibres then engage with the top comb and as the nipper continues to revolve
another segmental comb takes the place of the first.
The fibres having been drawn through the top comb the feed nipper shuts and the
top combs rise-The revolving nipper still goes round with the tuft of combed fibre
in its jaw.
Immediately that the segmental comb preceding this nipper with its tuft of fibre
has passed the table at the front, the delivery plate or detainer rises-It then sweeps
back and presses the fibres back into the fine comb fixed to the back of the nipper-As
this comb still advances it causes the fibres to lean forward over the edge of the
table-Then the nipper opens and the plate or detainer descends on the fibres and
slides them over the face of the table, thus drawing them through the fine comb
leaving (say) about three eighths of an inch banging down the back of the table-
By these means this end of the tuft which had been combed only by the segmental
combs which have no fine teeth is subsequently drawn through this fine comb thus
enabling a heavier lap than usual to be treated—The delivery rollers at the same time

page_text: giving a turn and drawing up the slack-The whole strength of the spring which
holds the plate down now comes into force and detains this combel tuft on the
table in this position until the next nipper comes round with the next tuft when the
operation is repeated as before, this plate acting thus as a detainer as well as a
deliverer.
D
1
OL 1
1000
GEORGE DAVIES,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Combing Cotton and other Fibrous
Materials.
A communication to me from abroad by HENRY LEVER and ROBERT REDFORD, of
Methuen, Massachusetts, in the United States of America.
I CHARLES LEVER of 40 Brazennose Street Manchester in the County of Lancaster
Law Stationer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
"the following statenient :-
This invention relates to that class of apparatus for combing cotton and other fibrous
materials for which Letters Patent (dated 24th February 1873 No. 651.) were granted
to Michael Henry and also to an improvement upon the subject-matter, of other
Letters Patent granted to John Muir Hetherington dated 21st January 1876 No. 254,
wherein a current of air was employed to draw the ends of the tufts of cotton or other
fibrous material between rotary clainps, and a table or platform was used for laying
the fibres on.
According to the present invention, it is still proposed to use the table or platform
and a kind of rotary clamps or revolving nippers, and to add thereto other parts
whereby the current of air may be dispensed with and increased efficiency is
secured.
The nature of the said invention will be readily understood on reference to the
five sheets of drawings hereunto annexei and the following explanation thereof.
On Sheet 1. Fig. 1, is a plan view showing the general arrangement of the improved
machine, parts such as the feed nippers and the revolving nippers being removed to
avoid confusion of lines.
On Sheet 2. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the driving end of the machine (the fast and
loose driving pulleys being omitted).
On Sheet 3. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the other end of the machine.
On Sheet 4. Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of the machine, (part of the revolving
nipper apparatus being omitted as it will be seen on the enlarged plan Fig. 6, and end
view thereof on Sheet 5 Fig. 7).
Fig. 5 is a face view of the feed nipper frame and cushion plates, the form of the
upper nipper plate being shown above in dotted lines.
Fig. 6, is a plan drawn to a larger scale of one end of one of the revolving nippers
showing also the means for adjusting thereon the fine comb hereafter referred to.
On Sheet 5, Fig. 7, is an enlarged end view of the revolving nipper mechanism
detached.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged plan view of the apparatus which works the delivery and
detainer plate hereafter referred to.
A, is the main framing of the machine supporting a beam B, which carries on
suitable standards and brackets the principal working parts of the machine.
The improved machine is made of such a width (see Fig. 1) as to operate upon
two laps (say five and a half inches broad) of cotton or other fibrous material at a
time.
C, is the main driving shaft fitted with fast and loose pulleys D and D¹ Eig. 1.

page_text: Against a disc a (Fig. 1) fixed upon this shaft C a cam b is adjustable by means
of a bolt and slot. This cam works the feed-nipper.
On the same shaft C is also a small cam c for working the top combs c¹ which
are actuated by the bowl c and lever c³, in the usual manner.
Also on the same shaft Cat the other end thereof there is keyed a wheel d (see
Fig. 3) with one tooth or peg for working a star wheel d¹ and cast to the foriner
is a bevil wheel d², gearing with a similar wheel d³, on a cross shaft d, mounted
in suitable bearings. At the other end of this cross shaft d, is another bevil
wheel actuating a bevil wheel d', to which is cast or fixed a spur wheel d'
actuating a similar wheel d, keyed upon the brush shaft (, the brush being indicated
hy the circle d Figs. 4 and 1.
Upon the star wheel d is a spur pinion e gearing into a spur wheel e³, on the
feed roller e. And on the other end of this latter is a bevil wheel e³, giving motion
to the lap rollers e and e in the usual way by means of an inclined shaft (indicated
by dotted lines on Fig. 1) and the bevil wheel e, and spur gearing e.
At the other end of the brush shaft do, is a bevil wheel actuating a similar
wheel (see Fig. 2) on a cross shaft on which is a worm d¹³ gearing with a worm
wheel on the doffer shaft №15.
bowl
f
in a groove in the cam babove named (that on the main shaft c) runs a
carried by a lever 1, adjustable on a bracket 2, keyed on a shaft f³, which actuates
the feed nipper.
On this shaft 3, are keyed two levers and at the end of each of these levers f*
is a swivel f (see Fig. 4) connected by a link f, and lever f, to the feed
nipper.
The feed nipper frame f³, (see Fig. 5) swings loosely on the fulcrum or shaft,
of the levers, which carry the upper feed nipper plate f10, and is provided with
a cushion plate ", supported on a flange f, extending half its length and covered
with flannel and leather in the usual way. On the other half is a similar plate 13
which is adjustable and is covered in the same manner.
This adjustable cushion plate, is provided with slots so that it can slide vertically
upon pins f
It rests upon coiled springs indicated by dotted lines and through each spring passes
a pin f, adjusted and secured by set screws and lock nuts 16, and provided with a
head working in a T-slot formed in the cushion plate f¹³.
The horizontal part of the T-slot is wider than the thickness of the head and thus
the plate 3 although prevented by the heads of the pins from being pushed too high
by the springs upon which it rests, will be met by the upper nipper plate 10, rather
sooner than the fixed cushion plate".
The flame, is slightly recessed to allow of the motion of these springs, the said
frame, being held in position by strong springs attached to a fixed part 1 of
the main frame. The standards 19 which carry the nipper frame f³, are provided with
prejections 20 against which an adjustable stop, on the nipper frame comes (see
also Fig. 4).
Tho lap rollers e*, and e³, are supported on two brackets es being kept asunder by a
blade or arm e, and the fibres proceed from them down the back tin eo, in the contre
of which is a strip e" to form a division between the two laps.
The revolving nipper (see Figs. 6 and 7) is carried by rings g cast to each end of a
long tube or boss g' mounted on a shaft g2 which is driven by means of spur gearing
from the main driving shaft C as hereinafter described notches g³, being made in the
said rings to allow the top jaw of the said nipper to swing back.
The revolving nipper consists of a long bar 9 fitting on the rings y and fastened
thereto by screws.
Two holes are formed therein (one at each end) into which are fixed two studs g
for carrying the nipper levers g. Two snugs 8, are also formed on this part which
carry the loose upper jaw 9, of the revolving nippers.
On the upper end of the nipper levers which are mounted on the aforesaid
studs g, is formed a slot in which work studs g₁ which are carried by projections

page_text: from the loose jaw g whereby the latter may be opened and shut. At the other other
end of each nipper lever g is an adjustable bowl g",
On the fixed part g³ of the revolving nipper is mounted a very fine comb, which
can be adjusted by means of excentrics 13, (see Fig. 6) to regulate the depth to which
the needles or teeth enter the fibres.
The plate to which the teeth of the comb are fixed is formed with slots so that
it can slide freely upon pins or screws g" (one at each end thereof) fixed in the part g
At the required moment as hereafter described the plate of the comb 2 is pushed
forwards against the excentrics by two discoidal brushes. These brushes are shown
at g (Figs. 1 and 2), being mounted on a shaft 10 actuated by the gearing y" from
the shaft 2, (see Fig. 3).
It will be evident that as the nippery rises, the comb g¹² will fall by its own weight
out of the way.
There are three such revolving nippers mounted on the rings y aforesaid at equal
distances apart and between these and at suitable distances therefrom are mounted
(on similar rings g*, see Fig. 1 east on the same boss) segmental combs having coarse
needles or teeth, there being no very fine needles for the reason hereinafter described;
these combs are shown at 718 on Figs. 4 and 7.
The points of the needles that are on the segments g18, form an arc of a circle seven
inches and five eights in diameter that of the revolving nippers being only seven inches,
and consequently there are nearly five sixteenths of an inch of fibre projecting from
the said nippers, which has been combed out by the segmental combs g.
By these means the in-and-out movement of the feed nipper can be dispensed with.
The revolving nipper shaft. g2, is driven from the main shaft (by a pair of spur
wheelsh, Fig. 1, mounted excentrically so as to impart an alternate fast and slow
motion thereto; in order to give more time for the fibres to enter the nippers and the
Jetter to close gently and also to give more time to make the delivery. The wheel /¹
fast on a shaft upon which is keyed the wheel ³, gearing with the wheel, on
the feed nipper shaft g².
11
There are two guards g" fixed outside the orbit of the revolving nipper bowls gl
(Figs. 4 and 7) to keep the nippers almost closed as they are passing the centre at the
front, after which they are gradually curved outwards and the bowls are guided along
this curve by a cam fixed inside their orbit shown by dotted lines at 20, Fig. 7.
Following these two guards are two curved plates g" which gently rise in a circle
from the lower towards the upper end, where they curve with a very quick turn towards
the central shaft g².
These plates are mounted upon fixed studs 922 at about the point where they
follow the guards g1 and are prolonged below the latter, and at or near the end of
each is attached a chain 923 (Fig. 4) which passes over a pulley and supports a
suitable weight 25 which holds the said prolongation against a regulating screw 20
fixed in the beam B and thus maintains the curved plates in their working position.
927 is a small cam fixed diametrically opposite to the cam 20 on the frame of the
machine to cause the revolving nippers to open when they reach the delivery
table.
On a convenient bracket i fixed to the beam B, and at the top thereof is mounted a
shaft ¹ upon which is keyed a spur pinion 2.
This pinion gears with a quadrant formed or fixed at one end of a lever it, at
the other end of which is a bowl running in a grooved cam, mounted upon a long
boss or stud (carried by the aforesaid bracket i) and driven by a spur wheel.
This wheel, is driven by a carrier wheel, wheel 10, (loose on the revolving nipper
shaft g) gearing with a wheel " running loosely on the boss of the wheel and
actuated by the wheel 12 fast on the main driving shaft C. On the long boss, is
also fixed a pinion 3 which actuates the front calender roller k by means of the
gearing
On the long boss 7, there is also mounted a second cam i*, provided with a groove
and placed back to back with the former one i.
In the groove of this cam ix, (see dotted lines Fig. 2) works a bowl m at one end

page_text: of a lever m', at the other end of which is a second quadrant m², gearing with a
pinion m³ fixed or formed on a long bush or tube m¹ mounted on the saine shaft as the
pinion before mentioned.
The other end of this bush m², is provided with a flange m³, (see Fig. 1) to which
is bolted another flange m carrying a somewhat similar bush or tube m².
Near the centre of this second hush m². is a swell m³, (see also Fig. 8) extending
half way round, the same being chambered out and open beneath.
In this swell m³, works a boss m*, keyed or fixed on the shaft and carrying a peg
or pin provided with a bowl m³.
The latter acts upon a lever m³ the other end of which works against a bowl ml,
on a sliding lifter roi m¹².
At the other end of this lifter rod is a second bowl m³ abutting against a tail
piece attached to, or forming part of a hinged plate m (hereafter called the
"delivery plate" ::
or detainer") the lower edge of which plate m works upon the
fixed table n (see Fig. 4) as hereinafter mentioned.
This hinged plate m¹ and the sliding lifter mare carried on an arm or
bracket m keyed upon the long bush m before named close to the "swell."
The tail piece m is connected at its end by a spring m to a projection m¹ from
the bracket which holds it down on the table n.
This projection 19 is so formel or bent that it extends over the said swell m²,
between two snugs m where it is adjusted between two set screws m²0.
19
This projection on the bracket is also provided with a set screw mª abutting
against the end of the lever m which works the sliding lifter m; this last named
lever is also carried by this bracket m and works through a hole or slot therein.
Thus the hinged delivery plate or detainer m can be moved forward or back-
wards by the long bush m and "swell "m³, acting on the bracket and lifted or
lowered by the shaft bowl m, sliding lifter m² and spring m".
0
Immediately in front of this table n are the back and front delivery rollers and o¹
followed by the front tin conductor and the calender rollers k.
The delivery rollers o and o' are actuated by a star wheel o², which is driven by
a pin on a plate o³, driven by a spur wheel o', gearing with the same wheel,
which actnates the two cams, and * above mentioned and the calendering
rollers k, o' being driven from o by the gearing of and o
The segmental combs g18, are cleaned by a brush stripped by a card roller
or doffer d, which is cleaned by a doffer comb d¹².
The action of the machine is as follows.
The material from the laps passes down the back in eo, and through the feed
rollers into and through the feed nipper from which it projects, the said feed nipper
being then open.
The said nipper now closes so as to hold the fibres and descends still further,
the cushion plates " and " being carried down by the plate 10. By this time
the needles on the first strip of the segmental comb 718, are in the fibres. The feed
nipper then stands still till all the needles have passed through.
While this is taking place the feed rollers make a slight turn.
The combs having
passed through the fibres the feed nipper goes down further and the revolving nipper
comes up behind the combs.
Just before the revolving nipper is shut the top comb el comes down nearly to
the fibre the revolving nipper then closes and continuing to rise takes up the slack
that is between the inside of the feed nipper and the feed rollers. The fibres then
engage, with the top comb c and as the nipper continues to revolve another
seginental comb g18 takes the place of the first.
The fibres having been drawn through the top comb c¹ the feed nipper shuts and
the top combe rise. The revolving nipper still goes round with the tuft of combed
fibre in its jaw.
Immediately that the segmental comb 18 preceding this nipper with its tuft
of fibre has passed the table n at the front, the delivery plate or detainer m

page_text: rises, being lifted by the lever m¼ lifter rod m¹² bowl m³ and boss m*, on the
shaft .
It is then caused by the boss m², and projection m18 to sweep back and press
the fibres back into the fine comb carried on the back of the nipper which
comb has been advanced by the discoidal brushes g¹.
As this comb 12 still advances it causes the fibres to lean forward over the edgo
of the table. Then the nipper opens and the plate or detainer m15 descends on
the fibres and slides them over the face of the table, thus drawing them through
the fine comb g¹² leaving (say) about three eighths of an inch hanging down the
back of the table n.
By these means this end of the tuft which had been combed only by the seg-
mental combs 18 which have no fine teeth is subsequently drawn through this fine
comb g, and for this reason there are no fine teeth upon the segmental combs,
enabling a heavier lap than usual to be treated.
The delivery rollers at the same time give a turn and draw up the slack. The
whole strength of the spring mn which holds the plate m down now comes into
force and detains this combed tuft on the table n in this position until the next
nipper comes round with the next tuft when the operation is repeated as before,
this plate macting thus as a detainer as well as a deliverer.
In the foregoing description the arrangements shown and described have been
treated as an entire machine; and this may be the case or it may be considered as
one head only, to be combined with others of the same description, each head combing
two laps of about five inches and a half broad (eleven inches in all) instead of only
one lap of about seven inches and a half wide as in the machines hitherto in use
and thus an increased production of combed fibres is obtained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
In a machine or apparatus of the type above referred to for combing cotton or
other fibrous materials.
First. The combination of parts (substantially as hereinbefore described) forming
an improved "feed nipper" for taking the tuft of fibrous material from the feed
rollers, holding it whilst being combed by the top comb, and presenting it to the
"revolving nippers."
Secondly. The combination of parts forming the "revolving nippers" and their
use substantially as herein before described.
Thirdly. The use of spur wheels working excentrically for the purpose of giving
an alternate fast and slow motion to the revolving nippers.
Fourthly. The construction of the " delivery plate or detainer" and the means
substantially as described and illustrated for operating the same, and
Fifthly. The general combination of parts (substantially as described and illus-
trated) forming an improved machine or apparatus for combing cotton or other fibrous
materials.
Dated this 8th day of Anonst. 1889.
GEORGE DAVIES,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.