Year: 1885

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I, EDWARD JACKSON, of 11 Wapping, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Paint Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows -
;
This invention has for its object a paint that shall form a hard firm eoating, off
which the water shall easily run, and one that shall attract seaweed, zoophytes, and
shell fish as little as practicable.
The invention consists largely in adding to the constituents of anti fouling
paints, a finely ground compound silicate, which shall give hardness to the coating
of paint when applied. I prefer for this purpose finely ground pumice stone;
or finely ground artificial slag nearly resembling pumice in constitution. Other
insoluble silicates such as china clay, or even infusorial earth or alumina or other
material of a hard mineral porous nature can be substituted in whole or in part for
the ground pumice.
2nd I use shellac, dissolved in methylated spirits, or other solvent, and stained
with venetian red or other organic color. To this I add ground zinc oxide or other
body pigment.
Shellac and pigment however are too soft to be of much value alone, but with
the addition of the ground silicate, they become a much harder coating. To these
ingredients when required for submerged structures, I may usually add arsenic or
other poison, and sometimes turpentine and other resins or drying oils.
"
"
I

page_text: Ships' Bottoms and other Structures.
I, EDWARD JACKSON of 11, Wapping, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Paint Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object a paint that shall form a hard firm coating, off
which water shall easily run, and one that shall attract seaweed, zoophytes, and
shell fish as little as practicable.
The invention consists largely in adding to the constituents of anti fouling
paints, a finely ground compound silicate, which shall give hardness to the coating
of paint when applied. I prefer for this purpose finely ground pumice stone or
finely ground felspar. This should be added in such quantity as to form about
8 per cent of the whole mixture, though the invention is not limited to that exact
proportion. Other insoluble silicates, such as china clay, or even infusorial earth
or alumina or other material of a hard mineral nature can be substituted in whole
or in part for the ground pumice. The quantity might have to be varied somewhat
according to which substance was used.
In carrying out the invention practically I find that shellac dissolved in methylated
spirits or other similar solvent forms a good foundation or body for an anti-fouling
paint or composition, in which red oxide of iron, oxide of zinc and arsenic form
component parts, and that a good hard drying composition is formed of these with
the addition of an insoluble silicate such as pumice finely ground. Turpentine,
resins and drying oil may be added as desired to produce a paint or composition of
the consistency desired.
The following component parts in the proportions named are the quantities
I prefer but do not limit the invention to the exact proportions, as these may be
varied somewhat as circumstances may require.

page_text: dissolved in the spirit, the ground pumice stone or other silicate is then added and
afterwards the other ingredients named above, and preferably in the order mentioned.
This occupies say about an hour, the mixture being kept hot the while. When all
are thoroughly mixed, the source of heat is withdrawn and the composition allowed
to cool gradually.
Having now particularly described and acertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st. A composition or paint having as an ingredient in addition to the ordinary
constituents of antifouling paint, a considerable quantity of an insoluble silicate,
such as ground pumice stone, substantially as and for the purposes described.
2nd. A composition or paint composed substantially of the herein named
ingredients in approximately the proportions stated.