Improvements in Hydraulic Punching Bears, Shears, and other like Machines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Apr., 1892-Accepted, 7th May, 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Punching Bears, Shears, and other
like Machines.
We, ROWLAND PRIEST, of Pulley Block Works, Cradley Heath, Staffordshire,
Hydraulic and General Engineer, and WILLIAM MORRALL, of 5, Upper Grove
Street, Smethwick, Staffordshire, Fitter, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and sscertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference to hydraulic punching bears, shears, presses and
other like hydraulic machines in which a punch, cutting tool, die or plate is required
to operate through a small space with immense power.
In a hydraulic punching bear or other said hydraulic machine constructed in
accordance with this invention the fluid such as water oil or glycerine (but pre-
ferably oil) which acts upon the ram is operated upon by a screw instead of by a
pump thereby dispensing with valves which continually wear out and leak.
We will describe this invention as applied to a punching bear and we will refer
to the accompanying sheets of drawings on which
Fig. 1 is a part sectional side elevation of a punching bear constructed in
accordance with this invention;
Fig. 2 is a part sectional front elevation of the same; in these two figures the
ram and moving parts are shewn in their highest position ready to commence to
operate;
Fig. 3 is a part sectional side elevation of the same shewn with the ram and
certain other parts moved down ;
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of the ram ;
Fig. is a sectional elevation and plan of the screw box;
Fig. 6 is a front elevation and Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the screw and its cup
leather and cross pin.
The same letters of reference indicate the same or corresponding parts in all the
figures
In carrying out this invention we provide an outer body or shell A in which is
the usual gap or mouth B wherein the die C is inserted. The punch D is fixed in a
cylindrical ram E which is free to slide within the body A, the latter being bored
to receive the ram. The top part a of the body A is bored and screw cut or other-
wise formed to receive and be fixed to the combined cistern and ram cylinder F
which at is bored to receive the ram E. That part e of the ram E which fits in
the ram cylinder is furnished with a U-leather ring or is otherwise packed so as
to prevent the oil or other liquid passing from the upper to the lower side of the
ram. Through a hole f in the top of the cistern F passes the screw box H
which is of considerably smaller area than the ram E and is packed on the inside
of the cistern F by the hat leather which is kept in position on the cistern
by the nut or gland i screwed in the cistern; or any other convenient method
of packing the screw box may be adopted. On the bottom end of the screw
box H which passes down into the ram (the latter being made hollow as shewn
and bored) is formed an enlarged collar which takes under a neck at the
top of the ran and prevents the screw box being screwed out too far and also
under certain circumstances serves to raise the ram as hereinafter described. In
the ram E we provide a screw J the upper part of which is screw threaded to
take the screw box H and the lower part is enlarged to fit as a piston in the
ram, and is packed with the cup leather to prevent the liquid leaking past
the lower part j.
is a nut which is screwed on the screw j to hold the
leather securely against the enlarged part which is cupped to receive it.

page_text: Instead of the piston part j being packed by the cup leather any other con-
venient form of packing may be used. The screw J is rigidly fixed to the outer
body A by the steel or other cross pin M which (as shewn more clearly by Fig. 2)
passes through the body A and through the lower part jof the screw J and through
the ram E the latter being slotted longitudinally at n² to allow of the ram
working up and down. O is a filling screw by removing which the cistern F the
hollow ram E and the screw box H can be filled with oil or other liquid. Com-
munication for the liquid from the outside to the inside of the ram and vice versa
is made by the passage in the ram; there is also a groove h³ in the screw box to
enable the liquid to flow into and out of the screw box; and from this groove there
is a hole communicating with the outside of the screw box above the collar ³.
The upper part of the screw box A is squared or otherwise formed to take a
lever or hand wheel or other means for turning the screw box.
The punching bear above described is operated as follows:-To force down the
ram E the screw box H is turned and screwed down the screw J thereby forcing
the fluid contained in the screw box A and in the ram E through the small hole p
into the cistern F against the ram packing g thereby forcing downwardly the
rom E and punch D fixed thereto (see Fig. 3). To withdraw the punch and raise
the ram E the screw box H is turned in the opposite direction until its collar
comes into contact with the screwed collar or shoulder in the top of the ram when
the ram and screw box will move together to their original position shewn in Figs. 1
and 2.
The terms "up" and "down" "
"top" and "bottom" herein are only used for
convenience of description and are not to be read as being arbitrary as the machine
will work equally well in any position.
This invention is applied to hydraulic shearing machines presses and other like
machines similarly as above described with reference to a hydraulic punching bear
such alterations being made in the lower part of the ram E and in the outer
body A as will adapt them to the particular kind of machine with which this
invention is used.
It is to be understood that we do not limit ourselves to the precise details herein
described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings as it will be evident that
the same are capable of modifications without departing from the nature of our
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
-
1. In a hydraulic punching bear or other hydraulic machine of the kind herein
referred to and in combination with the ram thereof, the use of a fixed and stationary
screw (such as J) within the ram and a screw box (such as H) adapted to be turned
from the outside so as to move along the said screw and cause the fluid to act upon
and force the ram outwardly or to withdraw the ram from the work operated upon,
substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
2. In a hydraulic punching bear or other hydraulic machine of the kind herein
referred to, the use of the ram E the screw J and the screw box H, these parts
being constructed and combined together for joint operation in the manner
substantially as hereinbefore set forth and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
3. The construction combination and arrangement of parts constituting the
improved hydraulic punching bear substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 4th day of April 1892.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicants.