IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND CLARIFYING RESINOUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jozé Luis, of the British & Foreign Office for
Patents, No. 1, Welbeck Street, Cavendish Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND CLARIFYING RESINOUS SUBSTANCES."-A com-
munication from abroad by Dromart & Dussillol, Brothers, of Paris, iu
the Empire of France.
Sealed the 20th July 1860, and dated the 30th January 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jozé Luis, at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th January
1860.
I, JozÉ LUIS, of the British & Foreign Office for Patents, No. 18, Welbeck
Street, Cavendish Square, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND CLARIFYING RESINOUS SUBSTANCES," & that it has
been communicated to me from abroad by Dromart & Dussillol, Brothers,
of Paris, in the Empire of France, to be as follows:-
The improved apparatus consists of a boiler furnished with an agitator to
stir up the gums of a receiving box, fnrnished with traps for the introduction

page_text: of the matters in the boiler, of refrigerating covers or lids for condensing
the vapours rising in the boiler, and lastly, of a new arrangement of filter.
The agitator placed in the the boiler is formed of wooden arms placed
between plates of iron having the form of the bottom of the boiler, these arms
are hinged to the centre piece, which may be raised and lowered along the
vertical shaft. The arms just spoken of are made to move along the bottom
of the boiler by means of the vertical shaft, which is held in its position by a
collar placed near the bottom and a copper socket in which it passes, (this
collar rests on an iron support rivetted to the sides of the boiler) and by two
arms placed at the top of the boiler, and furnished with a collar and socket, and
by a bracket bolted on the receiving box, near the bottom of which traps are
fixed to permit the introduction of the gums without any loss of essence from
the boiler having to be opened. A stuffing box placed on the lid of the
boiler prevents the escape of steam, and in this stuffing box the vertical shaft
working the agitator turns. Half of the lid of the boiler is fixed, the
other half can be raised; the edges of the lids are raised to permit of cold
water being held on them to condense the steam which rises in the boiler.
The joint where the moveable half of the lid hinges on the fixed half is filled
with gum to prevent the escape of the vapour. The box above spoken of
having the traps of introduction is lined with sheet iron, and is for the purpose
of allowing the gums to be introduced by degrees, and so prevent loss by
evaporation, as the boiler cannot be filled till the fire is lighted. The two
traps or lids which form the bottom of the box are of cast iron, and are opened
and shut by means of levers. On being removed from the boiler the matters
are distilled; the residue then passes into a receiver which communicates with
the filter, and after passing through the latter it goes into a reservoir, where it
is made into rosin by mixing it with boiling water. The filter is cylindrical in
form and is made to revolve by means of a crank. The filter is formed of two
discs of wood, the inner sides of which are coated with sheet iron through one
of the discs furnished with a plug a tube passes, permitting the introduction of
the matters into the filter, several bars or rods of iron connect the two discs,
and having an iron hoop equidistant from the two discs, over which a very fine
wire gauze passes and acts as filter. The axis of the cylinder is in two parts.
On removing the plug above mentioned (through which the tube for the intro-
duction of the matters to be filtered passes) the filter can be emptied. There
is no necessity for the wire gauze to be cleaned after each operation.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jozé Luis in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th July
1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOZE LUIS,
of the British & Foreign Office for Patents, No. 1, Welbeck Street, Cavendish
Square, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Jozé Luis, Her special licence that I, the said Jozé Luis, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jozé
Luis, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
APPARATUS FOR PREPARING & CLARIFYING RESINOUS SUBSTANCES," a communi-
cation from abroad by Dromart and Dusillol, Brothers, of Paris, in the
Empire of France, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said' Jozé
Luis, my executors, or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jozé Luis, do hereby declare the nature
of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
The object of the present Invention is improvements in the apparatus
hitherto used in preparing and clarifying resinous substances, as in the appa-
ratus formerly used it was found impossible to prevent the matters colouring
from the reaction of the fire of the still on dirty matters, such as earth, bark,
or roots, &c. The resinous substances were obtained with some difficulty,
and although & although as clear and in larger quantities than had before
been obtained by the old way, the lesser value of the resinous products

page_text: nearly counteracted the advantages of this method. A prepatory process
was therefore adapted without any loss of essence taking place in boilers
furnished with, 1st., an agitator to stir up the gum, 2nd., refrigerating covers
or lids for condensing the vapours which rise from the boiler, and 3rd., a
system of traps for the introduction of the gum into the boiler.
A single
filter only is employed, which is emptied by a stop-cock at the end.
With these improvements nearly the whole of the essence is preserved, and
the resinous substances are superior to those hitherto obtained. By aid of
the accompanying Drawings the improvements will be readily understood.
The agitator has wooden arms 9, 9, 91, placed between the iron plates e,
et, el, having the form of the bottom of the boiler. The pieces 9, 9¹¹, have a
hinge movement on the bolts y, y"; the centre piece can ascend & descend
along the vertical shaft D. The part of the shaft which enters the socket 7 of
the arms being flat the arms are solidly attached to the shaft & caused to
move along the bottom of the boiler, cleansing the whole surface. When the
arms g, g¹, g, are worn out, they may be easily removed and replaced by
others. The vertical shaft D is supported at the bottom by a collar R & a
copper socket in which it passes. This collar is carried on an iron support A¹,
riveted to the sides of the boiler, and bent so as not to interfere with the
circulation of the matters. The shaft is also maintained by a second iron
support A at the top, bearing a collar R and a copper socket, which is screwed
to the side of the boiler, and strengthened by two cross-bars C, C', bolted to the
socket on one side and to the boiler on the other. Lastly, the shaft has a
support L bolted on the box S, near the place where the lever Q enters to give
the movement. The iron bar B bolted on one side to the bar A¹, & screwed
on the other to the sides of the boiler serves to prevent vibration. A stuffing
box N in which the shaft D passes is placed on the lid of the boiler, and
prevents the escape of steam. It is maintained on the top and on the
support A by two bolts x, x, the pierced and flat heads of which are fixed on
the bar by the bolts of the collar R.
Description of the Refrigerating Covers closing over the Boiler.-One half
of the cover of the apparatus is fixed, and is bolted on the part v, v, of the
boiler; the other half can rise & enter in a joint J, also bolted on the
part v, v; the straight part of the joint rests on the bar A, which supports it.
The cover bears an iron cross-bar O, O', at the end of which are handles V, V¹.
This cross-bar is flat and strengthens the copper cover, being screwed to it. The
fixed and moveable covers have edges M sufficiently high to contain cold
water for condensing the steam which rises in the inside. The joint J is filled

page_text: with gum up to the edge, the cover sinks in it, and the gum prevents the steam
from escaping. The moveable cover is raised daily to empty & cleanse the
boiler, and is replaced when it is heated.
Traps for introducing the gum.-As the boiler cannot be filled before the
fire is lighted and the matters should be introduced by degrees, it is necessary
that this should be done without loss, and a wooden box S, lined with sheet
iron, is therefore arranged. This box is bolted on the cross bars C, C¹, on
which it rests, and the bottom is closed by two iron traps K, K, of cast iron,
strengthened by the pieces U, U¹, being able to turn round their axis I, I',
resting in sockets made in the thickness of the box. When the traps are shut
they rest on each other. Outside the box each of them has on its axis a
lever Z, Z, which is fixed, and both levers are attached by a piece H,
which renders them mutually dependent on each other. The trap K has in
addition on its axis I a hand lever F, by means of which the traps are opened
and shut. When the box is closed the traps rest on each other; the lever. F
is horizontal, and is maintained in that position by the notched piece G.
The box being filled with gum the piece G is raised, the traps open under the
weight of the gum, and the box is emptied. The lever is then restored to its
horizontal position, and the pin W is replaced in the notch of the piece, G,
when the traps being closed the box can be refilled.
Rotary filter. On coming out of the preparatory boiler above described the
matter is distilled, and the residue is sent into a box r, from whence it passes
by the opening 21 and the tube s into the filter (No. 180 to the inch), passes
through the gauze, and enters a reservoir, where it is made into rosin by
mixing with boiling water. The filter consists of two disks 20, 20¹, of wood
lined with sheet iron. That marked 20¹ is grooved, and receives a plug or
cock 10, which closes it hermetically. This plug is pierced with a hole 4, in
which passes the tube s conveying the matter. On this tube the filtering
cylinder turns; bars of iron 23, 23, attached to the inside of the disks, and
others 8, 8, 8, 8, on the outside bind them together. On the latter are
placed other bars of the same size, which hold the wire gauze by the aid of
bolts. The gauze is also fixed round the wooden disks and the iron circle of
the centre 12; it is maintained on the wood by cast-iron bars screwed on, and
on the circle by another centre plate screwed to the latter. This wire gauze is
held between two bands of cardboard to prevent the iron from cutting it.
The shaft or axis of the filter is in two pieces; the one bearing the handle 2
is fixed and turns in the support 3, 3. A square muffle 18 is hinged to its
end, and receives the second piece of the axis or the square end of the filter,
and renders it dependent on the movement of the handle; the square pieces 14,

page_text: 14, and the piece 22 fix the axis on the cylinder. When it is desired to
commence filtering the hole 21 is opened, and the filter turned by means of the
handle; the matters are filtered, and when the box is empty, the cylinder is
withdrawn from its box by opening the hinge of the muffle 13 by means of the
screw tenon 19; the plug 10 is also removed by withdrawing the bar 18,
which is done by turning the tenon 16 in its notch and unclasping at 17. The
filter is emptied and the plug and bar 18 replaced; it is restored to its box by
passing the tube s through the whole 4 of the plug, and placing the square end
of the shaft in the muffle, the hinge is closed and the filtering can begin anew.
It is unnecessary to cleanse the gauze by beating, and they therefore last a great
length of time in spite of their excessive fineness.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, vertical section of the boiler; Fig. 2, horizontal section of do. open;
Fig. 3, plan of same covered; Fig. 4, section of filter; Fig. 5, plan of the
same; Fig. 6, end view of same; Figs. 1, 2, & 8, boiler.
A, A', iron bars riveted to the sides of the boiler, & supporting the several
parts; B, iron bar maintaining A¹; C, C', iron bars bolted on one side at A,
and at the other riveted to the sides of the boiler, and supporting the trap;
D, vertical axis on which the agitator F rises and descends; E, agitator put in
movement by the shaft D; F, lever for opening & shutting the traps K, K¹;
G, pieces of iron holding the stop of the lever; H bent iron pieces rendering
the traps solid; I, I', iron axis on which the traps K, K', turn; J, joint for the
cover of the boiler; K, K', sheet iron traps on which the gum is placed that is
to be put into the boiler; L, support maintaining the shaft D; M, raised edge
of the boiler covers for receiving the water, serving to condense the vapours
rising in the boiler; N, stuffing box through which the shaft D passes; 0, 0,
iron cross bars strengthening the covers, which are of copper; P, P, parts of
the arm of the agitator moving on the axis y, y; Q, hand lever, by which
movement is given to the agitator; R, R', collars of the shaft D; S, box
bolted at C, C, in which the gum is put; U, U, iron pieces welded to the
axis I, I, on which the traps rest; V, V', handles fixed on the cross bars to
raise the lid; W, pin entering in the grooves of the piece G; x, x, bolts of the
stuffing box; y, y, bolts of the agitator; Z, Z, levers for opening & shutting
the traps.
Figs. 4, 5, & 6, Rotating filter.-2, crank handle; 3, 3, support of the shaft ;
4, entrance of the tube of introduction; 5, 5, hinges of the box; 8, 8, 8, 8, flat
hoop irons bolted together, between which the wire gauze is placed; 10, plug
for emptying the filter after the filtering; 11, 11, handles to remove the filter;

page_text: 20, 20, plates covered with sheet iron to which the gauze is nailed; 21, holes
through which the matters to be filtered pass; 22, support for the axis of the
filter; 14, square holding the filter on the axis; 13, bearing in which one end
of the filter rests; 19, screw tenon, which closes or opens the bearing 13;
1, receptacle where the matters coming from the alembic are held; 1, intro-
duction tube on which the filter turns; q, q', supports of the tube 1; w, sheet
iron receiver holding the matters filtered; a, tube to carry off the matters
filtered; 14, tenons for opening the plug 10; 17, hooks for stopping the
bar 18; 18, bar closing the plug by means of the tenon 16 & hook 17.
Having thus described my Invention what I claim & desire to secure by
Letters Patent are the improvements in the apparatus for preparing &
clarifying resinous substances as above described and shown in the accom-
panying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jozé Luis, have hereunto set my hand &
seal, this Twenty-seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty.