CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES, AND IN THE MACHINERY AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julian Bernard, of the Albany, Piccadilly, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES, AND IN THE MACHINERY AND APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Sealed the 18th January 1860, and dated the 16th July 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Julian Bernard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th July 1859.
I, JULIAN BERNARD, of the Albany, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex,
5 Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS & SHOES, AND IN THE MACHINERY AND
APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object, firstly, an improved method of attaching
the heel to a boot or shoe, and comprises a machine or apparatus employed
for that purpose. This machine consists of a table or bed plate, on which
are placed or fixed the several other parts. When a heel is to be attached to
the boot or shoe, it is placed over a sliding table with the heel and other
parts suitably adjusted in relation to each other. A perforated stem which
forms a guide for piercing, is suitably shaped to fit inside the shoe or boot at
the tread, and between which perforated guide and the moveable table the
parts are pressed. In this perforated guide one or more spindles or piercers

page_text: are placed and forced into the boot from the inside, by percussion or pressure,
either in detail or simultaneously until a required number of holes are perforated
in the sole, heel, and other parts, after which the piercers are withdrawn by
means of a lever and slide holder in which they are placed, enlarged ends being
formed upon the piercers to prevent them passing thro' the slide holder when
withdrawn. Tacks or other fastenings are placed in the holes of the perforated
guide, after which the slide with the perforators is replaced by a similar one,
but which contains hammers or drivers, these drivers being hammered or
pressed have the effect of forcing the fastenings into the shoe. For giving or
imparting motion to the piercers or drivers I employ a cam or template
suitably formed, and I also employ cams or templates for the purpose of
travelling the hammer for striking the instrument. I also form shoulders
upon the piercers or hammers, so as to countersink either the hole or the tack
or other fastening in the boot or shoe and cause the instruments to project
beyond the surface of the perforation. I likewise so form the cam or cams as
to throw the machine out of gear when each operation is performed; and make
the piercer and driver slide forced to move, so that the perforated guide need
not be displaced until the operation is completed.
The second head of the Invention consists of forming countersunk holes or
indentations, taper or otherwise, in soles and heels of boots and shoes, in course
of manufacturing such parts, or previous to their being united to the boot or
shoe when such parts are made of plastic materials, such as gutta percha, india-
rubber, or compounds of those substances. I accomplish this by placing in
the moulds or dies which are made use of for the formation of those parts, a
suitable number of prints or pegs of a shape corresponding with that of the
fastenings proposed to be made use of; these cause the sole or heel to be
perforated with indentations or countersunk holes, whilst the material is in
such a state as to take and retain the given impressions.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Julian Bernard in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30
16th January 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JULIAN
BERNAND, of the Albany, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters 35
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One

page_text: thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Julian Bernard, Her special licence that I, the said Julian Bernard, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Julian
Bernard, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF BOOTS AND SHOES, AND IN THE MACHINERY AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Julian Bernard, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their bands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Julian Bernard, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to
the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object, firstly, an improved method of attaching
the heel to a boot or shoe, and comprises a machine employed for that pur-
pose. This machine consists of a table or bed plate, on which are placed or
fixed the several other parts. When a heel is to be attached to a boot or
shoe, it is placed over a sliding table with the heel and other parts suitably
adjusted in relation to each other. A perforated stem which forms a guide
for piercing is suitable shaped to fit inside the boot or shoe at the tread, and
between which perforated guide and the moveable table the parts are pressed.
In this perforated guide, one or more spindles or piercers are placed, and
forced into the boot from the inside by percussion or pressure either in detail
or simultaneously until a required number of holes are perforated in the sole,
heel, and other parts, after which the piercers are withdrawn by means of a
lever and slide holder in which they are placed, enlarged ends being formed
upon the piercers to prevent them passing through the slide holder. When
withdrawn, tacks or other fast'nings are placed in the holes of the perforated
guide, after which the slide with the perforators is replaced by a similar one,
but which contains hammers or drivers, these drivers being hammered or

page_text: For
pressed, have the effect of forcing the fast'nings into the shoe or boot.
giving or imparting motion to the piercers or drivers, I employ a cam or tem-
plates suitably formed, and I also employ canis or templates for the purpose
of travelling the hammer for striking the instruments. I also form shoulders
upon the piercers or hammers, so as to countersink either the hole or the tack,
or other fast'ning in the boot or shoe, and cause the instruments to project
beyond the service of the perforation. I likewise so form the cam or cams
as to throw the machine out of gear when each operation is performed, and
make the piercers and driver slide forced to move so that the perforated
guide need not be displaced until the operation is completed.
The second head of the Invention consists, of forming countersunk holes or
indentations, taper, or otherwise, in soles and heals of boots and shoes, in
course of manufacturing such parts, or previous to their being united to the
boot or shoe when such parts are made of plastic materials, such as gutta
percha, india-rubber, or compounds of those substances. I accomplish this by
placing in the moulds or dies which are made use of for the formation of
those parts, a suitable number of prints or pegs of a shape corresponding
with that of the fastenings proposed to be made use of, these cause the sole or
heel to be perforated with indentations or countersunk holes, whilst the
material is in such a state as to take and retain the given impressions.
And in order that my Invention may be more clearly understood, I will
refer to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the figures and letters
contained thereon.
Figure 1, on the Sheet of Drawings, is a side elevation of a machine for
attaching the heels to boots and shoes from the inside; and Figure 2 is a plan
of part of the same machine shewing a double-armed bracket and other parts
connected with it, and which is free to move laterally and vertically upon
the fixed upright X; and Figure 3 is a view of the double-armed bracket
partly in section, and exhibiting the compound piercer slide C in its proper place
at D, a similar compound driver slide being placed in the corresponding arm E
of the bracket; Figures 4, 5, 6, are enlarged views of piercers, and a driver
similar to that employed and shown fixed in the compound slide C; Figure 7
is an enlarged section of the fixed arm at G, and which forms a guide, forms
a guide for the piercers, fastenings, and drivers. The part G of the fixed
bracket also serves in connection with the moveable bracket H, and the screw
J, and adjustable piece K, to press and retain firmly in proper position the
several parts of the boot and shoe in relation to each other while undergoing
the several processes of piercing, countersinking, and uniting; and this holding
and pressing, with an internal pressing, perforated guides, as well as the com-

page_text: bined perforators and drivers form an essential feature of this part of the Inven-
tion. The bed plate L, and upright ✗, carry all the parts of the machine as
shewn.
When the operator proceeds to attach a heel to a boot or shoe, he first
adjusts the heel properly upon it, and then places it upon the moveable part K,
as shown. He then raises the bracket II by means of the treaddle N, until
the end of the guide presser G comes in contract with the internal part of the
shoe; a bolt O serves to retain the bracket in this position. He then further
presses the parts to be attached together by means of the screw J; this opera-
tion done, he then inserts the combined piercers into the internal part of the
shoe by means of the lever P, and which is centred upon a fixed stud Q in
the movable double-armed bracket C; this operation performed, he draws
back the piercers by means of the same lever. He then releases the double-
arm bracket by withdrawing the rod R, shown in Figure 1, which enables
bim to raise the bracket, so that the piercers come entirely out of their guides,
the counterpoise T making that an operation of ease. The fastenings are now
inserted into the boles in guide G, shown clearly in section at Figure 8, after
which the double-armed bracket is moved in the direction of the arrow's flight,
until the driver slide F contained in the portion E is exactly over the guide G,
when the bracket with the drivers are brought down and over the fastenings,
and the rod R inserted into another bole in the upright X, which holds the
whole firmly down; the fastenings are now forced down into the holes pre-
viously made by pressing the drivers hard down by means of the lever P¹, which
completes the operation. Any suitable fastening may be employed, but I
employ, from preference, nails with flat thin heads upon them, and the piercers
may be formed shouldered, as shown at Figures 4, 5, & 6, to countersink the
holes; but this is not absolutely necessary, as they may be made plain or taper,
and the head of the nail sunk by means of the blow or pressure from the drivers,
the drivers being regulated in length for that purpose.
Figure 8, 9, & 10 shews a different mechanical arrangement for effecting
the same object, but which is made partially self-acting, so as to be driven by
any convenient prime mover. In this arrangement, A, Figure is a frame, to
which is connected the treadle B and C, the moveable compound slide D and D',
and the several other parts connected immediately therewith. On the frame
A is also placed and secured the bracket E, and which bracket carries the
slide F; and on the slide are fixed the treddles, cams 1, 2, and 3, and also the
driving parts for conveying motion to the machine. To the bracket E is also
fixed the hollow flanged spindle, to which is secured the fixed bracket I, which
latter bracket is free to move on the vertical hollow stem G.

page_text: The operation of this arr is as follows:-Assuming the shoe to be placed in
position, as shewn, & pressed against & between H & E by means of the
treadle C, & further tightned by means of the handle J, the clutch K is
connected, by which motion is imparted to the cam 1, 2, & 8, thro' the tooth'd
wheels L&M, and other parts connect with them, the can 2 serving to
impart a lateral motion, the cam 3 longitudinal motion, while the cam 1 thro'
the pinion M & spur wheel O serves to impart the blow to the drivers or piercers
thro' the hammer; when the req number of strokes is given, the machine
is so-arrd as-to-stop itself, as shewn, after which, the operator can travel
the compound movable bracket I by means of the treadle B & handle P;
the piercing operation being completed, the fastnngs are inserted into the
perforated stem H', & the drivers inserted in the perforated guide & the
operation of strikg again resumed until the fastnings are driven, when the shoe
can be removed. In either of the arr" shewn, the fastnings can be inserted
in the perforated stem by hand, or previously placed in the holder shown,
Fig. 15 & 16, which can be placed over the perforations, & the slide A of the
holder drawn out of the other parts, which will have the effect of letting the
fastnings drop in the holes in the material; at the fastnings can be driven in
solely by the driver placed over the perforater; & Figs. 17 & 18 shews the
second head of my Inven", & the manner in which the same can be carried
out. Fig. represent part of a plastic sole, shewing 3 forms of countersinks,
and Fig. 18 shews a method by which it can be carried into effect, whilst Fig.
represents a form of mould, in which the material is pressed in a warm
elastic state. Soles or heels made accords to this process can be readily
secured by suitable fastings.
What I claim under this head of my In" is the manufue of plastic soles, as
described & illustrated, & under the other heads of my Inven", as described
& illustrated.