Improvements in Machinery for Doubling, Twisting, and Winding Yarn or Thread, and in Part Applicable to Spinning and Rovin Machines.
Year: 1888

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Doubling, Twisting, and Winding
Yarn or Thread, and in Part Applicable to Spinning and Rovin
Machines.
We, JOHN BOYD, and THOMAS ALEXANDER BOYD, of Shettleston Iron Works,
Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineers, do hereby declare the
natur of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to he
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that
is to say :-
Our said Invention comprises further improvements in automatic stop-motion
mechanism of winding doubling and twisting machines, and which whilst they are
designed to be applied to machines of the kinds described or referred to in our Patent
Specification No. 2619 of 1883 and the Patent Specification of one of us No. 15,171
of 1884, are also advantageously adaptable to various other kinds of automatic twisting
frames and also to twisting, spinning and roving frames in which the spindle and feed
roller or rollers are, separately or together, to be stopped by hand when certain parts
have to be thrown out of gear.
Our present improvements are shown on two accompanying sheets of explanatory
drawings and are hereinafter described with references to the said drawings.
Figure, 1, on sheet, 1, of the drawings is a transverse vertical section of a twisting
frame or machine similar to what is described in the earlier Specifications hereinbefore
referred to, the stopping devices being shown as applied on both sides of the frame,
the parts on the left-hand side being shown as in working positions, and the parts on
the right-hand side being shown in the positions assumed when a thread breaks. A
single spring-pressed nipping feed roller arrangement is shown on the left-hand
side, whilst a pair of spring-compressed grooved-frictional feed rollers is shown
on the right-hand side, the two arrangements being provided to suit different yarns
and requirements.
The figures on sheet, 2, of the drawings are equally enlarged views of details, and
will be most conveniently designated on being specially referred to in the following
description. In these drawings the same reference numerals and letters are used to

page_text: mark the same or like parts wherever they are repeated: and, some of them are, for
convenience, made the same as references to corresponding parts in the later of the two
carlier Specifications hereinbefore referred to.
One improvement relates to the socket or bearing piece, 41, for the spindle (used
either with ring and traveller as shown in figure, 1, or with a flyer) and the parts are
partly shown in figures, 2, and 3, (as well as in figure, 1,) figure, 2, being a sectional
side elevation and figure, 3, a sectional front elevation. The improvement consists as
shown in figure, 1, in forming in one piece with the socket, 41, or having rigidly fixed
thereto, a fulcrum, 41 a, for the band-tightening-and-slackening lever, 42, also two
projecting lugs, 41, 41 c, for guiding the top-roller lifting rod, 37, and either being
used when required for gripping the band, 33, in conjunction with the grip, 37b, on
the lifting rod. Or as shown in figure, 2, the bracket-like piece, 41d, made with the
parts mentioned may be separate from the socket, 41, and be gripped and fixed
between a collar on the socket and the rail. The socket, 41, has also fitted to it when
required, a catch, 51, to prevent the spindle from being drawn out of its socket in the
ordinary working of the machine. This holding-down catch, 51, has it centre at a
level above the spindle pulley on a small pin in a fork formed at the top of a stud
projecting up from the socket, 41, or from the bracket, 41d, or from the rail, 18,
and is made with a bevel by acting on which the spindle pushes it aside when
being entered into the socket while a tail formed at the back of the catch acts as
a weight to return it into the catching position, and serves for moving it aside by hand
when required.
When the spindle is to be stopped by hand we employ the modified arrangement
shown (partly) in plan in figure, 6, and in side elevation in figure, 7, figures, 8, and 9,
being a plan and front elevation of parts shown in figure, 7, but not in figure, 6.
This arrangement comprises three main parts,- a socket casting, 41, a lever casting, 42,
and a jointed catch, 42 a. The socket casting, 41, has horns, 41e, projecting up
from the socket and made with fulcrum bearings for the gudgeons of the lever, 42.
The lever, 42, is made with a frame-like part, 426, which extends round without
touching the spindle, and the sides of which are steadied between the horns, 41 e.
The lever, 42, is also made with an opening to pass over the front catch, 42 a, the
inner edge of the opening engaging with the catch, 42 a, which is jointed to the
front of the socket, casting, 41, and is made with a forwardly projecting arm by
manipulating which it is disengaged when required. A bent-down handle, 42 c, is
formed on the front end of the lever, 42, and is of a shape allowing it to be conveniently
moved by the hand or knee of the worker when starting the spindle. The socket, 41,
has also formed on it a rounded inner part, 41f, for gripping the band, 33, in
conjunction with a gripping part on the lever, 42.
The lever casting, 42, has combined in itself, parts carrying the pulley which acts
on the band, 33, to tighten or slacken it, and a band-gripping part, 42 d, together with
parts already referred to.
In figures, 4, and 5, we show an improved adjustable device to be fitted to the lever, 42,
when combined with detector stop-motion mechanism as shown in figure, 1. This device
consists of a screw pin, 42 e, screwed into the front end or short arm of the lever, 42,
and made with a transversely rounded crosshead to fit a gab or notch formed at the
bottom end of the rod, 37. The pin, 42 e, is in figure, 4, shown detached and as at
right angles to the position in which it is shown in figure, 5. It serves to lift and
guide the rod, 37, and the gab at the bottom of the rod prevents the pin from turning
in the end of the lever, 42. It also serves for adjusting accurately the position of the
lever, 42, when its inner end is raised. The pin is adjusted by screwing it in or out
one or more half turns whilst held apart from the rod, 37..
According to our present Invention we use either a single movable top feed roller
as shown at the left-hand side of figure, 1, or a pair of movable top feed rollers as
shown at the right-hand side of that figure. Figures, 10, and 11, are an enlarged
plan and an elevation explanatory of our improved single feed roller arrangement.
The top roller, 24, is held and lifted by a piece, 43, which is made in the same piece
with or is rigidly fixed to the rod, 37, and has jointed to it a spring-controlled

page_text: bearing-piece, 43 a.
The piece, 43, as shown, has only one leg, and it and the
piece, 43 a, as seen in plan (figure 10) are of a U-shape embracing the roller, 24,
both pieces being open and jointed together at their front side. A square-headed
screw pin is passed through a hole in the back cross bar of the bearing piece, 43 a,
and is screwed into the back cross bar of the piece, 43. The bearing piece, 13a,
is made with inverted gabs on each side to fit and bear on the gudgeons, of the
roller, 24, and a helical spring, 43 b, put between the head of the screw pin and
the bearing piece, 43 a, presses that piece on the roller with a pressure which can
be adjusted by turning the screw pin. When the parts are in working position the
piece, 43, is rigidly held down by the engagement of its catch, 39, with the fixed
catch, 40, but the roller, 24, bears on the continuously rotating roller, 25, with only
the pressure due to the spring, 43b, and its own weight whilst it is lifted sufficiently
when the rod, 37, and piece, 43,. rise, its gudgeons then resting on the side bars of
the top of the piece, 43. With this improved arrangement the nipping pressure of
the feed roller can be varied and adjusted with great facility to suit different numbers
of strands or yarns or different degrees of tension behind the feed rollers.
When it is desired to feed the strands or yarns by surface frictional action, without
nipping between rollers, we employ the improved arrangement shown at the right-
hand side of figure, 1, figures, 12, and 13, being an enlarged plan and an elevation
of the same parts. We employ two feed rollers, 24 a, and 24 b, each made with a
part grooved and with a part plainly cylindrical, the latter part being covered with
leather or other suitable frictional material to facilitate the driving of the rollers by
contact of the cylindrical parts with the continuously rotating roller or shaft, 25.
The strands or yarns to he twisted together are passed round the rollers, 24 a, 24 h,
in as many coils embracing both rollers as may be required. The rollers, 24 a, 24 b,
are held on pins fixed in a crosspiece, 43 c, which is retained and guided by a square-
headed pin, 43 d, which passing down through a hole in it is screwed into a curved
head, 43 e, formed at the top of the piece, 43, which is formed on or rigidly fixed to
the lifting rod, 37. A helical spring, 43, is put between the head of the pin, 43d,
and the piece, 43 c, and applies a pressure which can be adjusted by screwing the pin,
to press the rollers, 24 a, 246, in driving contact with the continuously rotating roller
or shaft, 25, when the parts are in working position. When the rod, 37, and piece, 43,
are lifted the rollers, 24 a, 24 b, are raised sufficiently to cease being. driven their
crosspiece, 43 c, then resting on the head, 43.e. The crosspiece, 43 c, is kept in
proper position and steadied by a vertical guide bar, 43f, formed on the head, 43 e,
and fitting a gab or indentation formed in the crosspiece. The pin, 43d, passes
through a lateral projection on the crosspiece and is screwed into a lateral projection
on the head, 43 e.
The operation of the mechanism shown in figure, 1, is much the same as in our
earlier machines. The strands, 19, to be twisted together are led from bobbins, 20,
or it might be from cops, through detectors, 21, thence, as shown on the left-hand side
of the figure, through an eye or curl, 22, at the under side of the roller holder, 43,
through between the spring-compressed driven and driving rollers, 24, 25, over the
driven roller, and behind the hearing piece, 43 a, and holder, 43, and again through
between the rollers, 24, 25, and through an eye, 28, at the front end of the thread-
guide starting and detector lever, 29, through the ring traveller, 30 (or in the case of
flyer twisting through the flyer curl) to the twist bobbin, 31, whose spindle, 32, is
driven by a cord, 33, passing on each side of the vertical rod, 37, over the tension
pulley and round a cylinder or grooved pulley, 34, on a driven shaft. The operation
of the parts shown on the right-hand side of figure, 1, is the same excepting that the
strands are led round the two grooved rollers, 24 a, 24 b, as herein beforedescribed or
in any other suitable way, instead of being nipped between rollers.
When any thread breaks behind the feed rollers, 24, 25, (or even in front of those
rollers as shown at the right-hand side of figure, 1) its detector, 21, falls into the path
of the rotating cam, 35, and the latter pushes the detector holder, 36, fixed to or (as
shown) made in the same piece with the long curved arm, 37 a, and vertical rod, 37,
over against the pull of the spring, 38, until the catch, 39, on the rod, 37, escapes

page_text: from the catch and guiding piece, 40, fixed on the main top rail, 18. Then the inner
weight of the lever, 42, will raise the rod, 37, and with it its detector holder and roller
holder with the driven roller or rollers clear of the driving roller, 25, also raising the
detectors, 21, clear of the cam, 35, and also moving the starting lever, 29, from the
position in which it is shown at the left-hand side to that in which it is shown at
the right-hand side of figure, 1. At the same time the lever, 42, falling slackens the
cord, 33, and its front short end rising lifts the rod, 37, and causes its gripping
piece, 37, to grip the cord between it and the stationary grip, 41, on the spindle
socket, 41. The parts are all afterwards returned to their working positions by means
of the curved lever, 29, which serves the threefold purpose of a thread guide, a starting
lever, and a detector lever.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be perforined, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The bracket-like casting made in one piece with the spindle-holding socket or
secured by the socket and provided with the lever fulcrum, the band grips, the guide
for the vertical rod. and with or without the spindle catch holder, substantially as
hereinbefore described, more particularly with references to figures, 1, 2, and 3, of the
accompanying drawings.
2. The bevilled self acting spindle catch loosely jointed above the spindle pulley to
a stud or projection on the socket piece or rail substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. The spindle-holding socket piece, the lever, and the jointed catch therefor, con-
structed, combined, arranged, and operating substantially in the improved manner and
for the purposes herein before described, more particularly with reference to figures 6,
7, 8, and 9, of the accompanying drawings.
4. The combination of the adjustable screw pin with tranversely rounded head in
the short arm of the lever with the gab-shaped bottom of the vertical lever substantially
as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
5. Fitting an adjustable spring bearing piece to the piece which holds and lifts the
upper feed roller or pair of feed rollers substantially as and for the purposes herein-
before described, more particularly with reference to figures, 10, 11, 12 and 13, of the
accompanying drawings.
D
hf Desamor 1988