Improvements in Vessels for Containing Volatile Liquids.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 16th Mar., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Vessels for Containing Volatile Liquids.
I, PIERRE PROSPER MONNET, of 8 Quai de Retz, Lyons, France, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention has for its object certain improvements in the means at present
employed for facilitating the carriage of extremely volatile liquids and in particular
of chloride of ethyl, chloride of methyl, mixtures of these two substances, etc.; for
preserving them without alteration; for enabling them to be conveniently handled;
and for projecting them either in the form of vapour or spray or in the form of a
liquid jet; as well as for enabling them to be employed or administered in a safe,
practical, and simple manner in fractional or measured quantities which operations
had prior to the employment of the means above referred to been attended with
difficulty. The means for delivering the substances in question from the holding
vessels is the heat of the hand or the surrounding atmosphere (if the temperature
be sufficient). The vessels heretofore employed were of a suitable form and size
(cylindrical, conical, ovoidal, and the like) usually of glass and provided with a
neck or nozzle having a capillary opening or one of very fine dimensions which
could be closed either by means of heat or a blow pipe, or by means of a stretched
rubber band, a cap or by any other means adapted for hermetically closing the
orifice which includes the opening and closing of it at will to allow of a portion of
the contents being used at a time.
The said vessels, however, had heretofore only one outlet; this rendering
refilling impossible, and the result was that the apparatus was wasted after the
contents had been once used. It is desirable however according to the uses to which it
is desired to put these vessels containing volatile liquids, that the vessel should have
orifices of various sizes and a neck or necks, nozzle or nozzles more or less long
and of varying shape, so as to direct the liquid in the desired direction, it being
evident that with a vessel having one opening only, it is necessary to provide a set
of same comprising as many types of vessels and nozzles as there are purposes
in view.
In order to allow of refilling and of using these vessels over again indefinitely,
and also in order to enable a single vessel to fulfil more readily the various.
requirements and purposes according to the cases to be treated, or the operations
to be made, I provide the vessels with a number of openings arranged at different
points of the vessel, but in such a manner as to render the said vessel adapted for
convenient handling, so that when the vessel is being filled with a volatile liquid,
the air contained in the vessel may escape by one or more of the openings, whilst :
the volatile liquid passes into the vessel through one or more of the openings.
And with the special object that one and the same vessel shall be capable of
being employed for various purposes, these openings may be of varying sizes,
whilst the necks provided with these openings may be adapted to extend from the
vessel in various directions, and to receive if desired variously curved nozzles in
order to facilitate the use thereof for various operations.
Each vessel, according to this improved construction, is preferably put up with a
series of nozzles constructed to fit as tightly as possible on the necks of the vessel,
said nozzles being of the forms and lengths desired for various operations.

page_text: The nature of my invention will be more clearly understood from the descrip-
tion hereinafter given with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 34 show four arrangements of construction of vessels, for
containing volatile liquids according to this invention, whilst Figures 4 to 7
illustrate various forms of nozzles adapted to fit the outlet necks of said vessels.
The vessel for containing volatile liquid shown in Figure 1 is in the form of a
glass tube A terminating at its two ends in tubular necks or points a, a' formed
with capillary passages b, 61. Each of these passages is hermetically closed by a
removable metallic cap B fitting by means of a bayonet joint on a metallic collar C
mounted on the corresponding neck a or a'. The cap B is provided with an elastic
packing such, for instance, as a rubber ring or washer adapted to bear against the
orifice of the passage in the tubular neck.
It will be readily understood that a vessel of this kind may be refilled with
volatile liquid as many times as desired, the arrangement being such that when
it is immersed in the liquid in such a manner as to cause the liquid to enter
through one of the passages 6 or 6', the orifice of the other passage may be held
out of the liquid so as to allow the air contained in the vessel to escape.
The passages b, b' may obviously be of different dimensions, to enable the
vessels to be employed for different purposes.
In the modification shown in Figure 2, the tubular neck a³, instead of being
in line with the neck a as is the case with the neck a¹ in Figure 1, is bent or
curved to one side, the orifices of these necks being, however closed by
metallic caps with an internal elastic packing in the same manner as is the case
in Figure 1.
In the modification shown in Figure 3, the vessel is formed with four different
tubular necks a, a, a, a³, each provided with a different closing device for the
orifice therein. The neck a is closed by a metallic cap B with packing c, the said
cap being held by a bayonet joint on a metal collar C on the tubular neck. The
tubular neck a' is closed by means of a cap B' provided with an internal packing c¹
and with a female thread screwing on to a screw threaded metallic collar C₁ on
the neck. The tubular neck a² has its orifice closed by means of an annular band
or rubber d, whilst the tubular neck a³ is closed at its end by sealing it in a
flame.
In the modification shewn in Figure 34 the vessel is pear shaped, and is also
provided with four tubular necks a, a¹ a³ a³. The tubular necks a and a' are
closed at their free ends by sealing, the tubular neck a being also bent or curved.
The tubular neck a is closed by a metallic cap B with a packing inside, which
cap is held by means of a bayonet joint on a metallic collar. C on the neck, and the
tubular neck a³ is closed by means of a tap B³.
To render these vessels suitable for the various uses to which they may be put,
they may be each combined with a series of extension or spraying nozzles, such as
for example, those shown in Figures 4 to 7.
rose.
Figure 4 shows a nozzle D with an upper curved end, terminating in a spraying.
Its lower end is constructed to fit by means of a bayonet joint upon the
metallic collars C, of the vessels above described, instead and in the place of the
caps B.
The nozzle shown in Figure 5 is the same as that shown in Figure 4 with
the difference that its upper end is not curved while instead of the rose it may have
a plain opening. As shewn in Figure 5 the lower end of these nozzles may be
provided with an elastic annular packing adapted to form a hermetical joint
between the nozzle and the tubular neck of the vessel upon which it fits.
In the nozzle shown in part in Figure 6, the upper end has a branch or fork (or
it may have more than one) and is provided with a large number of outlet
openings, whilst in the nozzle shown in Figure 7, the upper end is simply bent or
curved.
The lower ends of these nozzles are of course suited to the devices employed for
closing the tubular necks thus :-instead of being arranged as in Figures 4 and 5

page_text: the lower end of the nozzles may be provided with a female screw threaded socket
enclosing an elastic annular packing in such a mauner as to enable these nozzles to
be screwed instead and in place of the cap B' shewn in Figure 3. Or the lower
end of the nozzles may be ground or bored in a suitable manner, so as to fit simply,
but in a sufficiently tight manner, upon tubular necks such as those shown at a² a²
Figure 3 or a a³ Figure 3ª.
These nozzles are preferably provided with a tap E as shown by way of example
in Figure 6, or a similar tap may be provided in the tubular necks of the vessel on
which the nozzles are to be fitted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A vessel for containing and administering volatile liquids provided with
apertures adapted to be closed to secure the contents thereof, and to enable the
vessel to be refilled substantially as described.
2. A vessel for containing and administering volatile liquids provided with
apertures of different sizes, and means for closing said apertures all substantially
as and for the purposes described.
3. The employment with a vessel for containing and administering volatile
liquids of extension or spraying nozzles substantially as described.
4. The various constructions of vessels for containing and administering volatile
liquids and extension or spraying nozzles substantially as described and illustrated
and for the purposes set forth.
Dated the 14th day of February 1895.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent,
For the Applicant.