IMPROVEMENTS IN DUSTBINS
Year: 1885

page_text: I JAMES CONYERS MORRELL of 112 The Grove Ealing in the County of
Middlesex Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN DUSTBINS to be as follows:-.
The household refuse entrusted to the ordinary dust bin is apt to become very
offensive both whilst on the premises and in removal.
The object of my invention is to provide a dust bin which will prevent this and
at the same time promote economy in the household.
Letters Patent have already been granted to me for an invention for the
separation of the cinders from the ashes which together form the fire refuse of the
dwelling-Portions of such invention are applicable to this invention such as
the screen or sieve and the handle or foot treadle for giving motion to the screener.
My improvements consist in constructing a dust bin portable or fixed for separating
and keeping separate those portions of house refuse which for sanitary and
economic reasons ought to be kept separate.
I hang or fix within the bin a screen or sieve at an angle from the horizon for
separating the cinders from the ashes and over or at the end of this another screen
or sieve of a much larger mesh for separating from the cinders the larger portions
of refuse such as preserved meat tins &. And provide within this bin receptacles
respectively for the sifted cinders the fine ash dust and the larger refuse.
By the aid of drawings attached hereto for reference I can the more briefly
explain how I accomplish the separation It will be seen that I do not in all cases
apply the two screens or sieves though in all cases I provide three compartments
for the refuse I do not shew on the drawings the foot treadle for giving motion
to the screener which I can also apply to the opening of the lid or trough shown
in figure 5 somewhat in the manner described and shewn in the Specification and
drawings of the Letters Patent already granted to me.
Fig. 1 shews in hood which slopes and projects at the top an opening a, for
throwing in all dry house refuse which more or less falls on the sloping front b,
and is conducted by it into a rough screen of a large mesh the larger portions of
the refuse passing over this screen and down the inclined board d, the ashes with
cinders falling through and on to the finer screen or sieve e, the cinders falling
down its incline into receptacle f, and the ash dust through and into receptacle g,
the space between the board d, and the cover h, forms the receptacle i, for the

page_text: rough refuse, an opening k, is made in the cover to this for putting any larger
refuse into it without passing it over the screen c, and in its lower upright end is
a door 7, for the dustman to open that he may draw or drop into his basket the
refuse this compartment contains The cinder and ash receptacles respectively are
by preference drawers made to run in either on the natural floor or on a frame
but so that they can be put in and drawn out on either side. Suitable conducting
pieces are fixed to conduct the different portions of refuse into their respective
compartments the front sloping portion b, of the overhanging hood serving this
purpose as well as the purpose of preventing rain water entering at the little
door k, The sifted cinders will be available for reburning and the ash dust either
for use on the premises or for convenient removal.
Fig. 2 has the opening for throwing in the refuse at a and has the finer screen e
and the rough screen c in one line or thereabouts the compartment for the rough
refuse i but with opening k for throwing in the large pieces at the side instead of
the top the hood may be applied to this as shewn on Fig. 1-The compartment i
and the receptacle ƒ for cinders and g for ashes being the same and emptied as
provided for in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3-Has the large mesh screen o for rough refuse at an opposite angle to the
finer screen e and has a drawer receptacle i for the rough refuse-The opening to
this may be covered by a hood or a lid according to circumstances the cinder
receptacle fand ash receptacle g.
Fig. 4 Is the same as Fig. 1 but has not the rough screen in this case all the
larger refuse will either have to be passed over the screener e and removed by
hand out of the cinder box f and put through opening k into the rough refuse
compartment i or this may be done before the refuse is put through opening a.
Fig. 5 is the same as Fig. 4 only instead of a hood is fitted with a trough
receptacle a a for the refuse so adjusted that when open it will remain or until
the refuse put into it causes it to tip over and discharge its contents over the
screener the upper side of the trough m forms the lid or cover when closed and
the lower side n the conducting board for the refuse The trough may be opened
and kept open by a handle at the side or by a rod connecting with the foot treadle
which may or may not be applied in all the figures for giving motion to the sieves
or screeners for the freeing of the same and the effectual separation desired―
Motion to the screener may also be given by connecting it with the under part of
the trough by a rope chain or rod o-The respective parts shewn in the various
figures may be applied to any of the parts shewn in the other figures.
Provision is made for ventilating i by perforations in lid h and in door l.
In some cases I construct the ash dust receptacle g with its end loose or hung at
the bottom or top and provide the dustman with a suitable case or cover to place
on to the receptacle in such a manner that he may be enabled to discharge its
contents into the dust cart without the dust escaping and flying about or such
case or cover may be attached to the cart and the ash dust receptacle g slipped
into it for emptying into the dust cart The case or cover is also applicable for
the disposal of the ash dust in the premises.
In the manner named I provide a complete fixed or portable dustbin in which
the ordinary dustbin refuse is kept in such separate parts as to delay if not
altogether to remove the tendency to putrefaction until such refuse is entirely
removed from the premises whilst the cinders are saved for reburning and the
dustman's work is rendered convenient and cleanly.

page_text: I JAMES CONYERS MORRELL of 112 The Grove Ealing in the County of Middle-
sex do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
The household refuse entrusted to the ordinary Dust-bin is apt to become very
offensive both whilst on the premises and on removal.
The object of my invention is to provide a Dust-bin which will prevent this and
at the same time promote economy in the household.
Letters Patent have already been granted to me for an Invention for the
separation of the cinders from the ashes which together form the fire refuse of
the dwelling portions of such invention are applicable to this invention such as
the screen or sieve and the handle or foot treadle for giving motion to the screener.
My improvements consist in constructing a dust bin portable or fixed for
separating and keeping separate those portions of house refuse which for sanitary
and economic reasons ought to be kept separate.
I hang or fix within the bin a screen or sieve at an angle from the horizon for
separating the cinders from the ashes and over or at the end of this another screen
or sieve of a much larger mesh for separating from the cinders the larger portions
of refuse such as preserved meat tins & and provide within this bin receptacles
respectively for the sifted cinders the fine ash dust and the larger refuse.
By the aid of drawings attached hereto for reference I can the more briefly
explain how I accomplish the separation-It will be seen that I do not in all cases
apply the two screens or sieves though in all cases I provide three compartments
for the refuse-I do not shew on the drawings the foot treadle for giving motion
to the screener which I can also apply to the opening of the lid or trough shewn in
Fig. 5 somewhat in the manner described and shewn in the Specification and
drawings of the Letters Patent already granted to me.
Fig. 1 shews in hood which slopes and projects at the top an opening a for
throwing in all dry house refuse which more or less falls on the sloping front b
and is conducted by it onto a rough screen of a large mesh the larger portions of:
the refuse passing over this screen and down the inclined board & the ashes with
cinders falling through and on to the finer screen or sieve e the cinders falling down
its incline into receptacle f and the ash dust through and into receptacle g the space
between the board d and the cover h forms the receptacle i for the rough refuse an
opening k is made in the cover to this for putting any larger refuse into it without
passing it over the screen c and in its lower upright end is a door for the dustman
to open that he may draw or drop into his basket the refuse this compartment
contains-The cinders and ash receptacles respectively are by preference drawers
made to run in either on the natural floor or on a frame but so that they can be
put in and drawn out on either side Suitable conducting pieces are fixed to
conduct the different portious of refuse into their respective compartments the
front sloping portion 7 of the overhanging hood serving this purpose as well as
the purpose of preventing rain entering at the little door k The sifted cinders will,

page_text: be available for re-burning and the ash dust either for use on the premises or for
convenient removal.
Fig. 2. Has the opening for throwing in the refuse at a and has the finer screen e
and the rough screen c in one line or thereabouts the compartment for the rough
refuse i but with opening k for throwing in the large pieces at the side instead of
the top the hood may be applied to this as shewn in Fig. 1-The compartment i.
and the receptacle ƒ for cinders and g for ashes being the same and emptied as
provided for in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 Has the large mesh screen c for rough refuse at an opposite angle to the
finer screen e and has a drawer receptacle i for the rough refuse-The opening to
this may be covered by a hood or a lid according to circumstances-the cinder
receptacle and ash receptacle g.
Fig. 4-Is the same as Fig. 1 but has not the rough screen-in this case all the
larger refuse will either have to be passed over the screener e and removed by hand
out of the cinder box f and put through opening k into the rough refuse compart-
ment i or this may be done before the refuse is put through opening a-In this case
the hood may be dispensed with and the cover to i as shewn by dotted lines m
door & being at n or as shewn at Fig. 6.
Fig. 5 Is the same as Fig. 4 only instead of a hood is fitted with a trough
receptacle a a for the refuse so adjusted that when open it will remain so until the
refuse put into it causes it to tip over and discharge its contents over the screener
-the upper side of the trough.m forms the lid or cover when closed, and the lower
side n the conducting board for the refuse-The trough may be opened and kept
open by a handle at the side or by a rod connecting with the foot treadle which
may or may not be applied in all the figures for giving motion to the sieves or
screeners for the freeing of the same and the effectual separation desired. Motion
to the screener may also be given by connecting it with the under part of the
trough by a rope, chain or rod Motion may also be communicated to the screen
or sieve by the rope or rod o from the return motion of trough or receptacle a.
Figure 7: Has opening a for throwing in refuse e being the fine screen or sieve
through which the fine ash-dust passes into receptacle g. o being the rougher
screen through which the cinders pass into receptacle of the rougher refuse passing
into compartment i suitable openings are provided for the removal of the contents
of each compartment-A motion may be given to the sieves by the rope r having
its handle at the top or side. In which case sieve e is hung at the top e¹ and sieve c
at its lower end both being joined at p¹ loosely and resting on the division
between fand g or suspended in the position shewn.
Figure 8: Has opening a for throwing in the refuse-rough screener cover which
the rough refuse passes into compartment i the cinders and ashes falling through
being conducted by plate or board d into screener e over which the cinders pass
into the fine dust passing through into g suitable openings being provided for
removing the contents of the respective compartments f. g. and i.
Figure 9: Is the same as Figure 8 except that the receptacle i for the rough
refuse is only carried partly down and if a fixture has a sliding bottom for dropping
the rough refuse into the dustman's basket-or in place of this receptacle i may be
movable in which latter case it has a bail handle b (shewn in dotted lines) and a
handle or piece below h for slipping into slot at h-the bail handle being hooked
on to knob n fixed on to the sloping top of bin case. This moving piece i may be
used as the dustman's basket for removing the dust from g after its own contents
have been emptied into the dust cart. The form of i making it convenient for
carrying and also cleanly for emptying the dust into the dust-cart.
Figure 10: Is also the same as Figures 8 and 9 excepting that in place of the
receptacle for rough refuse a tube or shoot t is fitted either fixed or movable or
attached by hinges-by which the rough refuse is conducted into a stove s-Bo that
at suitable intervals the rough refuse may be ignited by means of gas jets ; the
damper or door & being closed and the smoke from same passing by flue p into one
of the chimney stacks of the building or other suitable exit-d shews the position

page_text: of damper or door d when open for the refuse to pass by tube't into s suitable
provision is made for removing the cinder and ash refuse after the combustion of
the contents of stove 8 This particular method of treating the rough refuse is
especially applicable to large mansions hotels and such like premises. The stove
receptacles for rough refuse may also be adapted to any of the forms of dust-bin
mentioned in a somewhat similar manner to that shewn by this figure.
Figure 11: Is a smaller portable dust-bin a being the opening for ashes-e the
screen the receptacle for sifted cinders the receptacle for ash dust-i the
receptacle for rough refuse k an opening for putting into g that class of refuse (such
as tea leaves) which is unfitted to be put into i-fis emptied through door f¹—
g through door gli through opening the doors to these openings are by preference
slide doors b is a bail handle for carrying the bin.
Figure 12: Is also a smaller portable bin with opening a for putting in ashes-
c being the sieve or screen-f a moveable receptacle for the sifted cinders-g the
receptacle for the ash dust. The portable cinder box has a handle h which drops
into handle attached to body and has a bail or hoop handle which drops on to
knob n fixed at the top of sloping cover-k is a small opening for putting in such
refuse as tea leaves is a sliding door for emptying g being hooked on to loose
handle & to facilitate this. In order to move the ashes to be sifted the bin is lifted
by handle s to give an increased slope for the moment to screen e. The bin is
carried by bail or hoop handle b. This bin with moveable cinder box may be made
of a larger size and without the hook handle b but with screen or sieve at a sharper
incline.
Figure 13: Is a dustman's box or basket for carrying away the refuse having a
bail or hoop handle b a being the body of the box having a sliding bottom e which
when open for dropping contents into dust cart takes the position of e¹ by this
means the dust arising from the emptying of the ordinary dust basket into the cart
is prevented.
Figure 14-Shews the sliding bottom e the slots being open from end to end
the sliding bottom being kept in its place by drop piece d falling over handle
when closed.
The respective parts shewn in the various figures may be applied to any of the
parts shewn in the other Figures and the angles sizes and proportions may vary
from those shewn in the respective Figures and in all or any case the sieves or
screens may be fixed or hung or suspended somewhat as described by Figure 7.
Provision is made for ventilating i by perforations in lid k and in door l.
In some cases I construct the ash dust receptacle g with its end loose or hung at
the bottom or top and provide the dustman with a suitable case or cover to place
on to the receptacle in such a manner that he may be enabled to discharge its
contents into the dust cart without the dust escaping and flying about or such case
or cover may be attached to the cart and the ash dust receptacle g slipped into it
for emptying into the dust cart. The case or cover is also applicable for the
disposal of the ash dust on the premises.
In the manner named I provide a complete fixed or portable dust-bin in which
the ordinary dust bin refuse is kept in such separate parts as to delay if not
altogether to remove the tendency to putrifaction until such refuse is entirely
removed from the premises or the rough refuse treated as provided by Figure 10
whilst the cinders are saved for reburning and the dustman's work is rendered
convenient and cleanly.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st The construction of a dust-bin with screens or sieves of different sized
meshes for the separation of the refuse into the respective three classes for the
purposes named and substantially as described and more particularly shown by

page_text: Figures 1. 2. 3. 7. 8. 9 and 10 in sheets of drawings attached hereto or any
modification of the same.
2nd The construction of a dust bin with a sieve for sifting the cinders and com-
partments or receptacles for the respective classes of refuse for the purposes named
and substantially as described and more particularly shewn by Figures 4. 5. 6 11.
and 12 on the sheet of drawings attached hereto or any modification of the same.
3rd The dustman's box or basket for the purposes named and substantially
described and more particularly shewn by Figures 13 and 14 on the sheets of
drawings attached hereto or any modification of the same.
4th The delivery into and utilization of a stove or furnace as the receptacle for
the sifted refuse for the purposes named and as described and more particularly
shewn by Figure 10 on the sheet of drawings attached hereto or any modification
of the same.
5th The small portable dust bin with movable cinder box and inlets and outlets
for refuse for the purposes named and as described and more particularly shewn by
Fig. 12 on the Sheet of Drawings attached hereto or any modification of the same.