Improvements in and relating to Latrines or Water Closets.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 17th July, 1890
Complete Specification Left. 17th Apr. 1891-Accepted, 23rd May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Latrines or Water Closets.
I, JOHN MERRILL Albany Road, Sheffield, in the County of York, Manu-
facturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention refers more particularly to latrines, or trough closets, in con-
tradistinction to the ordinary water closets, and I therefore premise that the
troughs now used for such purposes rapidly foul at points where the flush does not
adequately cleanse them; and where waste waters are utilized by underground
flushing of the trough or pipe connected with the seat by down pipes, the said
down pipes become foul, and can only be cleansed by manual labour, generally by
a paid employec.
I propose in carrying out my invention to make such down pipes with flushing
rims and to flush them by means of a small cistern charged from the ordinary
water supply or other convenient source, and placed higher than the top of such
down pipe, and which shall have sufficient force to effectually cleanse the said
down pipes. The waste waters will be used in the ordinary manner for flushing
and carrying away the refuse in the underground trough or pipe.
By the means thus described I avoid the difficulty which has hitherto stood in
the way of utilizing waste waters for latrine purposes namely the fouling of the
down pipes or other forms of passage or communication between the seat and
the trough or pipe.
In order to effectually cleanse the trough flushed by apparatus placed above-
ground I also use a flushing rim, and divide the water from the cistern or other
Hushing apparatus into such proportions that sufficient water is carried to the
flushing rim to effectually cleanse the trough in such parts as are not reached by
the flush the larger quantity of water being used to carry out the refuse from
the trough.
1
ليمد
1
T1 1000
ROBT. F. DRURY, Fel. Inst. P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Latrines or Water Closets.
I, JOHN MERRILL Albany Road, Sheffield, in the County of York Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention refers more particularly to latrines, or trough closets for workmens
dwellings and the like, in contradistinction to the ordinary water closets, and I
may therefore premise that the troughs now used for such purposes become
rapidly foul in places or positions where the flush of water does not reach, or where
the quantity of water is insufficient; and where waste waters are utilized to flush
a trough connected with the seat by down pipes, the said down pipes become foul,
and can only be cleaned by manual labour, such labour having to be paid for.
My invention is fully illustrated in the annexed sheets of drawings, in which
similar letters of reference indicate similar parts in any of the figures.
Fig. 1, is an elevation of a latrine, with the parts underground exposed.

page_text: Fig. 3, sectional elevation of a trough.
Fig. 4, cross section of same.
Fig. 5, sectional elevation of trough with separate or detached flushing pipes.
Figs. 6 & 7, cross sections of same.
Fig. 8, plan of same.
In carrying out my invention as applied to latrines in which the seat is con-
nected with the trough by means of down pipes, and in which waste water is used
for flushing the trough and which is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, I make the top
of each down pipe A, with a flushing rim B, either made solid with or attached to
the pipe. I connect each flushing rim to a water pipe C, in communication with
and supplied by a flushing cistern D placed at a convenient height to give a sufficient
force of water to effectually cleanse the said down pipes. This cistern would be
fed from the.ordinary water supply or any other convenient source.
The waste waters are to be used in the usual way by being conducted to an
underground flushing cistern such as E, connected with the end of the trough F,
which may be of any desired cross sectional configuration.
By the means hereinbefore described, that is, the addition of flushing rims to
the down pipes, in connection with a flushing cistern, I overcome the difficulty and
serious drawback which has hitherto stood in the way of utilizing waste waters
efficiently for latrine purposes, namely the fouling of the down pipes A, or other
equivalent down passages of communication between the seat G, and the trough or
pipe F.
The second part of my invention, illustrated by Figures 3 to 8 inclusive, refers
particularly to latrine troughs flushed by apparatus placed above ground.
In order to effectually cleanse the trough which cannot be done satisfactorily by
the usual method of end flushing, I construct the trough either in one length or
in sections, with a flushing rim H, turned over as shown in Fig. 4, when made
of plastic material, and so constructed that when the sections are put together as
shown there will be a continuous water way I, with an outlet J, or a series of
outlets where required.
I withdraw from the main body of water in the pipe L, supplied by the flushing
cistern, such a proportion of water, by means of the pipes K, or other equivalent
means, as to fill the flushing rim H, and effectually cleanse the trough in such parts
as are not reached by the chief flush, which is simply to carry off the refuse from
the trough.
In Figs. 5, 6, 7, 1 illustrate the use of metal tubing M having a continuous slit,
or a series of slits where necessary, for the escape of the water, such as opposite
each seat for example.
Metal tubes offer facilities in making the joints, and in the case of renewal; if
desired the flushing pipe may be carried down one side only, of the trough.
Having now particularly described and ascertained, the nature of my invention
and the manner in which it may be carried into practice, I declare that what :I
claim, is.
1-In latrines or trough closets, constructing the down pipes or passages from
the seats to the trough with flushing rims for the purpose of cleansing same, sub-
stantially as herein before described and illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.
2-In latrines or trough closets the combination with a waste water flushing
cistern washing out the trough; of a overhead flushing cistern in connection with
the flushing rims of the down pipes-substantially as hereinbefore described and
shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
3-Constructing the troughs of latrines or trough closets with a turnover top
edge or flushing rim, and connecting such flushing rims with the flushing pipe for
the purpose and substantially as herein before described and shown in Figs. 3 and 4.
4 The combination with the troughs of latrines or trough closets of a detachable

page_text: flushing pipe running round or partially round the upper part of the inside of
trough for the purpose of cleansing same, and substantially as hereinbefore
described and shown in Figs. 5. 6. 7 and 8 of the drawings.
Dated the 16th day of April 1891.
ROBT. F. DRURY, Fel. Inst. P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicant.