IMPROVEMENTS IN. COMMODES OR WATERCLOSETS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street, in
the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN. COMMODES OR WATERCLOSETS."-A communication from abroad by Jean.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th November 1862.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMMODES OR WATERCLOSETS," (communicated to me from
abroad by Jean Louis de Waroquier, of Paris, France,) to be as follows:-
This Invention applies to portable as well as fixed closets, and consists in
the arrangements of parts hereafter described. At the back or side of the
basin is a water cistern, at the bottom of this cistern there is a cylinder
forming a pump barrel, and in this barrel a piston with valves opening only
when the piston is raised is fitted; the outlet from this barrel is into a pipe
opening into the basin. A rod is connected to this piston and carries a handle.
which passes through the cover of the cistern. Two studs are fixed on the
piston rod, between which the forked ends of a bent lever are placed; the

page_text: other end of this bent lever is connected through a link and connecting rod to
a shaft, on which the valve at the bottom of the basin is fixed. On raising
the piston rod this valve is opened, and at the same time water passes through
the valves in the piston and below it. On releasing the piston and allowing
it to descend by its own weight, or assisting its descent by pressure, the valve
in the bottom of the basin is closed, and the water under the piston is sent by
it into the basin.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 5th May 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMMODES OR WATERCLOSETS," (communicated to me
from abroad by Jean Louis de Waroquier, of Paris, France,) upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my.
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of, the said Invention, and in what manner, the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being, had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-
This Invention applies to portable as well as fixed closets, and consists in
the arrangement of parts hereafter: described. At the back or side of the
basin. is a water cistern; at the bottom of this cistern there is a cylinder
forming a pump barrel, and in this barrel a piston with valves opening only
when the piston is raised is fitted; the outlet from this barrel is into a pipe
opening into the basin.. A rod is connected to this piston and carries a handle
which passes through the cover of the cistern.. Two studs are. fixed on the
piston rod, between which the forked ends of a bent lever are placed; the
other end of this bent lever is connected through a link and connecting rod to
a shaft on which the valve at the bottom of the basin is fixed. On raising the
piston rod this valve is opened, and at the same time water passes through the
valves in the piston and below it. On releasing the piston and allowing it to
descend by its own weight, or assisting its descent by pressure, the valve in
the bottom of the basin is closed, and the water under the piston is sent by it
into the basin.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a sectional elevation, and
Figure 2 a plan with the seat removed, of a closet or commode constructed
according to this Invention.
Under the seat a and at the back of the basin is a water cistern b, this
cistern is shewn rectangular in the Drawing, but it may be of any other
convenient shape. At the bottom of the cistern 6 there is a cylinder c forming
a pump barrel, from the bottom of which a pipe d leads to another pipe f
which opens into the basin g, and is connected to the side thereof by a flanged
joint g¹. In the barrel ca piston h is fitted, which has several circular
openings & formed therein, in which valves held by cross bars m work. The
piston h carries a rod n which passes through a socket o held by two arms or
bars p, p. Two studs r, r, are fixed on the piston rod n above the socket o,
between which studs the forked ends q of the levers are placed. The lever s
moves upon the point t, and is connected at its other end by a connecting rod u
and arm v to the shaft on which the valve x at the bottom of the basin is fixed.
On raising the piston rod n and piston h by pulling the handle or button y
the valve x is opened, and at the same time water passes through the valves
into the pipe d; on releasing the piston h and allowing it to descend which
it does by its own weight, the valve x and the valves are closed, and the
water in the pipe d is forced into the basin g by the orifice z, there remains a

page_text: certain quantity of water which seals the valve x. and prevents any foul
emanations from the sewer or otherwise; e.is a stopper for closing the opening
through which water is supplied to the cistern b.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner tlie same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the arrangements
of parts of commodes or waterclosets, substantially as herein-before described
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of May, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-three.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)