A Direct Combustion Smoke Consuming Furnace and Fireplace Back.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left. Eth Oct., 1895-Accepted 9th Nov., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Direct Combustion Smoke Consuming Furnace and Fireplace
Back.
I ALEXANDER WATT of 312 Romford Road Forest Gate in the County of
Essex, Patentee, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "A direct
combustion, smoke consuming furnace and fireplace back."
For the purpose of carrying out my said invention, I construct or manufacture
by casting or by such other method as I may ascertain to be most suitable or
economical a series of flat bars, plates, flanges, or bands of iron or such other
material as I may deem appropriate; of such thickness shape and size as I may
find from time to time to be best adapted to the shapes and dimensions of the
various furnaces or other receptacles for the consumption of coal, coke, patent fuel,
or other solid combustible materials.
I construct or manufacture supports which I place under and between each flat
bar, plate, flange, or band, of such shape and dimensions that when the flat bars,
plates, flanges, or bands are placed or fixed one over the other in such manner that
each bar, plate, flange, or band shall partly overlap the one beneath it, and partly
recede towards the bridge or back of the furnace or other receptacle for the fuel,
the completed furnace or fireplace back, shall rise in a gradatory manner towards
the said bridge or back of the fireplace, and leave an open space between each
bar, plate, flange, or band, and also between the bottom bar, plate, flange, or
band and the bars of the furnace or fireplace, in order to allow a free natural
current of air or draught to play without restriction upon the entire back surface
of the coal or other material being cousumed, and produce direct combustion.
I
may either construct the bars, plates flanges or bands, affixed to their supports;
or I may construct the supports in such manner that they may be let into sockets
in the bars plates, flanges, or bands, so as to allow the bars plates, flanges, or bands
to be changed from time to time; or I may by the usual method or by any suitable
means arrange that the bars, plates, flanges, or bands be constructed to rock, or to
be raised or depressed, so as to regulate the current of air or draught, or to divert
the same; but by preference I principally adopt the system of regulating the
current of air or draught more by the number of bars, plates, flanges, or bands, and
the consequent dimensions of the open spaces.
I do not confine myself to any particular material or method of construction, as
the apparatus may be cast, wrought, rolled or otherwise manufactured, either of
iron or other metals or alloys, or pottery ware nor do I confine myself to any
particular width of open spaces, nor to any particular number of bars, plates, flanges,
or bands, nor to any particular dimensions or shapes for the same, as all these
would naturally vary; in many instances according to individual desires, and also
the necessities and requirements of the various furnaces or fireplaces in which the
apparatus is adopted; but by preference I construct the bars, plates, flanges, or
bands for furnaces, straight or nearly so, and from about half an inch to one inch
thick, by about five to eight inches wide, by whatever the width of the furnace,
long; and I construct the apparatus for domestic use by preference with a curved
or oval front of material about three sixteenths of an inch to a quarter of an inch
thick, in sizes proportionate to the width and depth of the fireplace.
I so construet and adapt the completed apparatus to the interior of furnaces by

page_text: means of brackets for the support of the lowest bar, plate, flange, or band, or its
supports, or by other suitable means, that the ordinary back furnace bars may with
great advantage be entirely dispensed with, if so desired.
Dated this 14th day of January 1895
A Direct Combustion Smoke Consuming Furnace and Fireplace
Back.
I, ALEXANDER WATT, of 312 Romford Road Forest Gate, in the County of
Essex, Patentee, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object to economize the use of fuel in firegrates, stoves
and the like by means of apparatus which when placed therein produces a more
perfect combustion of the fuel and consists essentially in placing inside the firegrate,
stove or the like, a skeleton framework or open backing which effects a secondary
supply of heated air to the burning fuel and thereby ensures a more perfect
combustion and consequent economy.
In the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings :-
:-
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of one form of apparatus constructed according to this
invention and suitable for an ordinary register fire grate.
Fig. 2 is a plan,
Fig. 3 is a side elevation, and
Fig. 4 is a perspective elevation of the same.
A series of horizontal plates or bars a, of a suitable shape to conform to the form
of firegrate to which it is applied, are connected together by bars leaving
open spaces between them and being surmounted by a top plate c which may be
plain as shown or perforated as desired. An apparatus so constructed is placed in
the back of the fireplace leaving a space between it and the front firebars for the
fuel and also a space at the back of the bars b, into which space the air enters
through the ordinary grid d and is heated, after which it passes through the spaces
between the bars & to the fuel. It will thus be seen that the fuel is copiously
supplied with heated air and its combustion greatly improved in consequence.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination with a firegrate, stove or the like, of a fixed or detachable
framework apparatus comprising a series of plates connected together by bars and
surmounted by a top plate substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
2. The arrangement and construction of apparatus for improving the combustion
of fuel in firegrates stoves and the like, substantially as described with reference to
the drawings.
Dated this 17th day of July 1895
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.