IMPROVEMENTS IN THE LINING OF STEAM ENGINE CYLINDERS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward. Richmond Allfrey, of Deptford, in the County
of Kent, Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE LINING OF
STEAM ENGINE CYLINDERS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Richmond Allfrey
•
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th February 1881.
EDWARD RICHMOND ALLFREY, of Deptford, in the County of Kent, Engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE LINING OF STEAM ENGINE CYLINDERS."
This Invention has reference to steam engine cylinders in which the cylinder is
fitted with a lining, commonly termed a liner, in which the piston works, the space
between the cylinder and liner being filled with steam, and the object of this
Invention is to make a connection between the cylinder and liner which shall be
absolutely steam tight, but sufficiently elastic to allow for the end way movement
in the cylinder of the liner consequent on its expansion or contraction.
For connecting the lining with the cylinder I employ a ring coupling piece
which I form of such a section as will allow of its yielding to the strain or pressure
of the lining, and this coupling piece I secure at its outer edge to the cylinder, and
at its inner edge to the lining. The coupling piece may be U shaped in section.or
take a serpentine form, or its sectional shape may vary between these extremes.
The coupling piece may be of steel, iron, or any other suitable material, but I
prefer to employ steel; and this coupling piece I may apply either to one or both
ends of the cylinder lining or liner, as thought desirable.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edward Richmond Allfrey in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 17th August 1881.
EDWARD RICHMOND ALLFREY, of Deptford, in the County of Kent, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE LINING OF STEAM ENGINE CYLINDERS."
This Invention has reference to steam engine cylinders in which the cylinder is
fitted with a lining, commonly termed a liner, in which the piston works, the space
between the cylinder and liner being filled with steam; and the object of this
Invention is to make a connection between the cylinder and liner which shall be
absolutely steam tight, but sufficiently elastic to allow for the endway movement
in the cylinder of the liner consequent on its expansion or contraction.
For connecting the lining with the cylinder I employ a ring coupling piece,
which I form. of such a section as will allow of its yielding to the strain or pressure
of the lining, and this coupling piece I secure at its outer edge to the cylinder, and
at its inner edge to the lining. The coupling piece may be U-shaped in section, or
take a serpentine form, or its sectional shape may vary between these extremes.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 shews in longitudinal section a steam
engine cylinder fitted according to this Invention, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the
same, the cover of the cylinder being removed.
In these Figures, A is the liner consisting of a truly turned cylinder of cast iron
or steel with an internal flange a at foot for securing it to the bottom of the
cylinder B by screw bolts, and an external flange a¹ at its upper edge for securing
it to the annular coupling piece C. The form of coupling piece here shewn is of
the U shaped type, a section of which on an enlarged scale or full size is shewn at
Fig. 3.
The coupling piece may be of steel, iron, or any other suitable material, but I
prefer to employ steel.
A ring of bolt holes is drilled in the coupling piece near each of its edges to
receive screw studs and bolts for connecting it to the liner and the cylinder
respectively.
A ring of tapped holes is made in the flange a¹ of the liner, corresponding to the
ring of holes made in the lower part of the coupling ring C, and in these screwed
holes screw studs D are inserted, which pass through the lower part of the ring C
and receive on their upper end screw nuts E. When the liner has had the elastic
ring securely attached to it by the screw studs and nuts D, E, it is inserted in place
in the cylinder, as shewn at Fig. 1; the upper part of the coupling ring is then
made fast to the flange of the cylinder B by screw bolts F, and the lower flange a
of the liner is made fast to the bottom of the cylinder by screw bolts G. In this
way an elastic connection with the cylinder is provided which will leave the liner
free to expand and contract without injury to its attachments, and therefore
without risk of steam escaping from the steam space H into the cylinder.
Fig. 4 shews in full size a modified form of the elastic coupling ring; this ring is
serpentine in cross section, and as it affords greater elasticity than the section shewn
at Fig. 3, it will be better suited for engines of the largest class. The mode of
attaching it to the cylinder and lining is precisely similar to that described with
reference to the U-shaped section.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "Improvements in the
Lining of Steam Engine Cylinders" and explained the manner of carrying the

page_text: same into effect, I wish it to be understood, that under the above in part recited
Letters Patent I claim,―
Connecting the liner with the cylinder by means of a ring made elastic in the
direction of the length of the cylinder, in the manner and for the purpose above set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Richmond Allfrey, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Fifteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
D ATT DEV
(SQUEE)
THAT TOTITY AT TATYALTY
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