Improvements in the Method of and Tools for Forging Elongated Conical Projectiles.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Oct., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 17th July, 1890-Accepted, 6th Sept., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Tools for Forging Elongated
Conical Projectiles.
1, HENRY CLOSE of Rock Street, Sheffield in the County of York Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention is for improvements in the method of forging elongated conical shot
and shell from the bar, and for the construction of the tools used therefor, by which
such elongated projectiles can be forged with greater accuracy and rapidity, and with
less waste than by the methods usually employed.
In carrying out my invention in forging the said projectiles under a steam hammer,
or other like power hammer or stamp, I propose to use a pair of top and bottom tools,
the one being a counterpart of the other so far as regards the faces, there being
formed in each top and bottom face corresponding semi-matrices of the form of the
required projectile in its different stages.
The annexed sheet of drawings will illustrate both the method, and the construction
of the tools.
The figure shown represents the face of one of the top and bottom tools with the
semi-matrices in which the projectile is formed marked A, B, C, D.
The recess A is half round, but is not pointed like B, C, and D); it however
becomes shallower towards the end next to B, from which it is divided by a ridge of
metal R, having a central depression.
Recess B, is of a more finished form, but open at the end as shown; recess D, liko
recess A, is not of the full length, being more particularly for operating upon the
point end of the projectile; it differs from A in being pointed.
Recess C, is of the exact size and shape or configuration of the required projectile,
and is provided at the point with a small opening or port for the escape of any slight
excess of metal.
I take a round bar of steel heated to the required degree, and pass it over
recess A, and slightly past the ridge R, and turn it round while the hammer is
at work; this points the bar and leaves it with an extensien or solid nose bit
without which the pointing would be difficult to accomplish. The pointed end of
the bar after the nose bit is cut off is now put forward to recess B, up to the
guage G, and the action of the hammer and the ridges R, sets down the base of
the projectile in recess B, and forms another point in recess A, after being finished
in recess (, the completed projectile is cut off the bar and the next partly made
projectile is proceeded with and completed in the same manner, the whole process
being of the most simple and expeditious character, the forgings being finished with
the greatest regularity and exactness in measurement and with the least possible waste
of material.
Datel the 24th da..
1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Tools for Forging Elongated
Conical Projectiles.
1, HENRY CLOSE of Rock Street, Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to bo
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention is for improvements in the method of forging elongated conical shot
Price 1

page_text: and shell from the bar of material, and in the construction of the tools therefor, the
object haing to enable such clongated projectiles to be forged with greater rapidity
and accuracy and also with much less waste material than by the methods usually
employed.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and defined, 1 annex a sheet
of drawings of the said tools, and forgings produced by them, to which referance will
be made, similar letters refer to similar parts in any of the figures in which they may
occur.
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and accuracy and also with much less waste material than by the methods usually
employed.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and defined, 1 annex a sheet
of drawings of the said tools, and forgings produced by them, to which referance will
be made, similar letters refer to similar parts in any of the figures in which they may
occur.
part of the
he face of a bottom tool, the face of the top tool is a counter
Fig. 2, is a longitudinal section of same through the dotted line.
Fig. 3, front elevation of the top and bottom tools.
Fig. 4, bar of steel after first operation.
Fig. 5, finished forging, and next point.
Fig. 6, plan of hottom tool for second system, top face being a counterpart.
Fig. 7, bar of steel after first operation.
Fig. 8, finished forging of projectile.
In carrying out my invention in forging the projectiles before mentioned under a
steam hammer, hydraulic press, or other power hammer or stamp, I use top and
bottom tools, the face of the bottom tool being represented in Fig 1, and the front of
both tools in position being represented in Fig. 3.
The face of the top tool is a counter art of the face of the bottom tool, and in each
face form corresponding recesses or semi-matrices, which when the faces are brought
together or nearly so, form complete matrices of the required projectile in its different.
stages of production.
These matrices or recesses are marked A, B, C, D, the recess A is half round and
slopes up to the ridge R, being cone shaped on its centre line as seen in Fig. 2, the
recess B, is also half round, and is cylindrical at the end next the ridge R, and
conical at its open end; recess D, like recess A, is short, and is for giving a more
finished form to the partly finished point as left by the recess A.
Recess C is of the
exact size and shape of the required forging, and terminates in a small opening or
port E to permit the escape of any slight surplus of steel. The ridge R, is slightly
hollowed as shown in Fig. 3, and the recess C, and D, are connected by a small
channel.
An adjustable stop or gauge S, is fixed by a bolt H, at any desired distance from
the point of the opening in recess B, to determine the length of steel required for
the projectile, and a guide G, is fixed at the front. of the bottom tool at the side of the
recess A, to retain the bar in position while Leing turned round.
To forge a projectile with these tools, I proceed as follows:-I take a bar of steel,
heated to the required degree, and pass the end of it over recess A, and the ridge R,
of the bottom tool Fig. 1, letting it bear against the guide G, and turning it round
while the hammer is at work; this operation roughly points the bar, and produces the
waste lump W, attached to the point l', as shown in Fig. 4, this waste lump is only
produced once in each bar.
The point P, is then placed in recess D, with the lump in recess C, and is more
completely formed, after which the lump is cut off, and the pointed bar is passed over
the recess A and B, up to the stop S, put against the guide G, and turned round
while the hammer is at work, this operation sets down the base of the projectile by
the action of the ridges R; the recesses A, roughly form the point of the next pro-
jectile, the small connecting neck N, being formed by the hollow form of the ridges R,
see Fig. 3.
The projectile being still attached to the bar, is next placed in recess C, and the
following point P, in recess D, these being the finishing recesses, and any slight excess
of steel in the forging will be forced by the action of the hammer, through the
opening E, and is afterwards cut off. The projectile is then separated from the
pointed bar, and the next forging proceeded with by placing the point at once up to
the stop S, and setting down the base as before described.

page_text: A second process, being a modification of the first, is carried out by constructing
the tools as shown in Fig. 6. The recess A³, slopes up to the ridge R, in the manner
of recess A, in Fig. 1, the recess B2, forms the base of the projectile, and C, and D²,
are the finishing recesses.
The bar of steel being first squared at the end, is properly heated and put at once
up to the spot S2, and turned as before described, this forms the point P³, and
neck N2, and also sets down the bar for the base of the next projectile, as seen in
Fig. 7.
The partly finished projectile attached to the bar is then placed in recess 0², with
the end of the bar in recess D2, and finished; when the finished forging is cut off, the
next is proceeded with in the same manner. The cutting off may be done in recesses
such as A and B, divided by a straight ridge R, one side of recess B being removed
to permit the shot to roll out.
Although I have shown the
forging, in one pair of tools,
tools, and C and D, in another
if desired.
recesses necessary to complete the whole process of
may divide them, having A, and B, in one pair of
pair, to be used in seperate hammers or like machines
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I would state that I make
no general claim to forging the elongated conical noses of projectiles in dies, as I
am aware that this has before been proposed. Heretofore however this has involved
afterwards cutting through the whole thickness of the bar in order to sever the
projectile from it; I therefore declare that what I claim is :-
1-Simultaneously forging from the same har the elongated conical nose of one
projectile and the base of another projectile by dies having in them a pair or pairs of
recesses substantially as described.
2-Dies for forging elongated conical ended projectiles in which there are conical
and cylindrical ended recesses co-axial with each other and separated by ridges sub-
stantially as described.
3-In forging elongated conical projectiles, a pair of top and bottom tools, having
in each face, an open end recess or semi-matrix A, sloping up to a concaved ridge R,
a recess B, with open conical end, fitted with or without an adjustable stop or gauge S,
and a pair of finishing recesses C, and D, substantially as bereinbefore described and
shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3.
4-In forging elongated conical projectiles, a pair of top and bottom tools, having
in each face a half round or concave recess A2, open at one end and sloping up to a
concaved ridge R³, at the other, a simple concave recess 132, with open end, and a
finishing recess or matrix (, connected with recess D², with or without an adjustable
stop S², substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in Fig. 6.
Dated the 16th day of July 1890.
ROBT. F. DRURY, Fel. Inst. P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicant.