An Improved Gas Burner.
Year: 1894

page_text: (The Amendments are shown in erased and italic type.)
Date of Application, 30th May, 1894-Accepted, 7th July, 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
An Improved Gas Burner.
I, FRÉDÉRICÉDE MARE, of 90, Rue des Moines, Paris, Engineer, do hereby declare
he nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention refers ehiefly to what are known as incandescent gas burners, where-
in the light is obtained by means of a radiant tissue, and the principle of which is
to obtain a complete combustion of the carbon of the gas, by raising the tempera-
ture of the flame as much as possible..
In order to achieve this result it is necessary to provide a supply of air under
pressure. This requisite is but partially supplied in the Bunsen burners, in which
the air and gas is not intimately mixed while the pressure is so weak that it is not
possible to burn the mixture effectively through the small holes or fine slits of the
usual gas nib.
I obtain a thorough mixture under pressure by means of a device which I call an
ejector and which I will proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
This ejector produces a minute division of the gaseous mixture both in thin sheets
or in small jets so as to adapt it for consumption in the ordinary fish-tail or batswing
jets, or in Argand burners, or in Wenham or other incandescent lamps, without any
tendency to fire back, or become lit in the mixing chamber.
In the drawings attached hereto,
Fig. 1 shows an elevation in section of my burner with the ejector D arranged to
receive a conical radiant mantle K as in the "Bengel" burner.
Fig. 2 shows a sectional elevation of a burner with the ejector capped by a conical
air chamber H and surmounted by an erection K' composed of radiating tissue.
Fig. 3, shows a section of the ejector D with an internal and external thread D2
at the upper end to receive an ordinary gas-nib, such as by preference those shown
in Fig. 5.
Fig. 4, shows a section of the ejector D with an adjustable outer tube n by which
the supply of air can be admitted or excluded, thus giving at will a white or blue
flame.
Fig. 5, shows a series of burner-nibs or tips adapted to my ejector.
Fig. 6 shows a sectional elevation of a burner with a gallery and ring supporting a
filament.
Fig. 7 shows a tap partly in section, with a circular groove m, around the plug for
a night-light or watch-light.
Fig. 8-shows-a-burner with 4-horizontal-nibs for use with my ejector,-and-de-
signed-for-heating-purposes.
Fig-0,-shows a-ring or-erown-burner-with-many-nibs--or-jets;-also--adapted--for
warming

page_text: A union or connecting piece A is screwed with the female screw a, for receiving
the end of the gas tube and is similarly screwed at 6 to receive the steatite tube B.
It is also tapped with a male thread at c'to connect with the spherical air-chamber C
which is interposed between the tubes B and D.
Directly above the tube B is the conical conductor D, which is screwed into the
air chamber C, and which may have a cone shaped mouth as shown at D¹ in Fig. 2.
At the upper end of D the mixed gas and air impinges on the steatite distributor E,
which is pierced with a series of holes of about 2 m/m, arranged quincuncially or in
line. The base E is furnished with a cross bar which serves to support the
illuminating cone, The burner is also furnished with a gallery G for supporting the
glass chimney L and with a perforated cap H¹.
The burner shown in Fig. 2, has a different form of distributor. The conducting
tube D is closed at the top by a small steatite cap H, and is pierced laterally by six
apertures d of trapezoidal section, so that the gaseous mixture escapes by the sides
and enters the annular chamber I, pierced on top by a large circular opening J, and
below by the small air inlets e, e¹.
The radiating tissue K is supported by the standard K¹, attached to the steatite
cap H. The flame of this burner is guided across the horizontal rays of the tissue by
a glass chimney L, resting on the gallery G. The air with which the burner is fed
is admitted by the perforated cap I, in which filtering material can be placed.
I would draw especial notice to the extremely simple construction of my burner,
which is shewn detached in Fig. 4 and which is merely a Bunsen burner in which I
provide a special passage D formed by two cones connected at their summits. In these
burners there are several special points namely 1, The conical form of the tube
designed to hasten the speed of the gaseous mixture when leaving the air chamber
and to increase its pressure. This improvement has the important advantage of
preventing the flame from lighting back to the air chamber. 2. Another advantage
is the formation of the distributor in steatite and the tube B can also be formed of the
same material; the chief advantage of employing this material in forming the dis-
tributor consists in its small conductibility. For the conducting tube B the advantage
is the hardness of the material which ensures the gas outlet remaining the same.
To avoid loss of time and trouble in lighting I always keep a small flame burning
which is rendered possible by the special construction of my burner. This obtention
of a minute permanent flame is secured by the carefully adjusted circular groove m
(see Fig. 7) provided in the distributing tap M which is placed near the orifice for
the passage of the gas. The employment of ordinary burners such as those known
as "batswing" and "fishtail" allows me in the case of the breaking or the deteriorating
of the radiating tissue to give a light even in the absence of the tissue. In that case
I have only to turn the small tube n, which excludes the air and the blue flame
becomes an illuminating flame. As-my-burner-gives-perfect-results-when-employed
for-heating-purposes-it-is-applicable-to-al!--kinds-of-apparatus-used-for-cooking-or
heating. When-employed-for-heating purposes-I-form-the--conducting--tube-D-as
shown-in-Fig. 3-with-an-external-or-internal-thread-on-to-which-or-into-which-ean
be-serewed-any-size-burner-required or by--the-addition-of-a--suitable--cap-or-eross
piece-P-as-shewn-in-Fig.-8.-or-by-a-ring burner-as-shewn-in--Fig-9,--any--desired
number-of-nibs-or--jets--can--be--employed. In-a-word,-burners--of-any-required
strength or-kind, whether-for-heating,-cooking-or-for-gas-furnaces,-ean--be--supplied
on-my-system.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I make no
claim to the ejector except as arranged and operating in an incandescent gas burner
in the manner set forth, but what I claim is
1. An In incandescent gas burners wherein the light is obtained by means of a
radiant tissue an ejector having the form of two cones united at their summits and
placed beneath the air chamber and immediately over the cone from which the gas

page_text: issues. This ejector-is-applicable-for-lighting-and-heating-purposes, substantially
as herein described. and-set-forth.
2.--The-distributing-nib-in-steatite-as-herein described-and-set-forth.
3. In-the-plug-of-the-tap-the-cireular groove-permitting a-small-supply--of-gas
to-be-always-burning, as herein-described-and-set-forth.
4: The application-of-a-tube-or-valve for regulating-the-supply-of-air;--as- herein
described-and-set-forth.
5. The application-of-special-burners-with-a-round head-and-flat-bottom;-as-shewn
at-x-Fig-o-as-herein-described-and-set-forth.
2. 6. I claim the right to employ any form of incandescent burner I may deem
suitable, while retaining the two cones, and-to-make-any-alterations-such-as-use-and
experience-may-suggest: substantially as described.
Dated this 30th day of May 1894.
S. S. BROMHEAD,
Agent for Applicant, 97, Newgate Street, E.C.