A NEW APPA- RATUS FOR PRODUCING PERPETUAL MOTION
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Borzecki, of Arundell Street, Coventry Street, in
the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "A NEW APPA-
RATUS FOR PRODUCING PERPETUAL MOTION."
Sealed the 4th July 1876, and dated the 6th January 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Borzecki at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th January 1876
CHARLES BORZECKI, of Arundell Street, Coventry Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "A NEW APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING PERPETUAL
MOTION."
The Invention for which I make an application for the grant of Letters Patent
consists in a mechanical combination for increasing power without diminishing
speed.
I will now describe my Invention and the combination of my apparatus, as
follows:-
A water wheel A with buckets or a turbine or atmospheric cylinder is connected
on a cranked shaft with one or several throws. On this shaft at its extremity,
separated from the crank by the bearing, is fitted a grooved or toothed wheel B.
On the same plan as this wheel, before or behind, is placed one or several other
wheels of the same diameter and shape, either grooved or toothed; they are fitted
cach on a separate shaft. They are coupled together by means of a connecting
rod C, which drives them at the same speed as the water wheel from which the
impulse is given to the machinery. The grooved or toothed wheels above men-
tioned are each fitted with an endless chain D kept in its pitch line by a duplicate
wheel E or wheels. The endless chains are fitted with several moveable rollers R
for transmitting motion to the levers (or beams) alternately, and during a certain
length of action, determined in proportion, according to the combination of the
apparatus.
By means of transforming the continuous rotary motion of the grooved or
toothed wheels B into a continuous or alternative rectilinear one of the endless
chains or racks, which in its action produces an alternative circular motion ou

page_text: the end F of the longer arm of the lever L (or on the end of beam), I gain more
than one-third of power heretofore lost through the single crank motion. Instead
of endless chains I can use wheels shown on Drawings in dotted lines, having
moveable rollers fitted on their rims, and drive by the same wheels upon which
the endless chains were fitted, which wheels (the laters) to be fixed on the shaft of
the driving wheel. The other ends. T of the levers (or beams) are utilized to
elevate the water either with pumps or buckets from the lower to the upper tank,
then to the water wheels.
The principal part of my Invention is the arrangement and combination of the
grooved or toothed wheels, which have a developed periphery equal to the double
stroke of the levers (or beams) taken in a straight line, and by which acting with
the aid of endless chains or, racks on their peripheries there is transmitted alter-
nately to the levers a certain power and motion which they (the wheels) have
received from the water wheel or atmospheric cylinder as driving motion. It is
consequently by this mechanical combination that I obtain a new element of power
necessary to the realisation of perpetual motion.
The following calculation shows the results of these mechanical combination and
demonstrates theoritically the amount of power gained-A weight of 100 lbs. is
attached to a drum M of 2 ft. diameter; this drum is connected through crank N
and connecting rod P to a beam L; 100 lbs. attached to the end T of beam will
balance, 100 lbs. on the drum M. The other end F of beam is worked by an endless
chain D or rack fixed on a wheel B, having a periphery equal to the double stroke
of the end F of beam, viz., 4 ft. of, developed periphery. The diameter of this
wheel B will be 1' 3" 28. The endless chain must produce a power of 100 lbs. on
the end F of beam. On the 2 ft. drum S'fixed on the shaft of this wheel B, having
a diameter of 1' 3" 28, a weight of 63 lbs. 66 will balance 100 lbs. on the first
Juum M a shows the fallaming
"
1.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Borzecki in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th July
1876.
CHARLES BORZECKI, of Arundell Street, Coventry Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "A NEW APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING PERPETUAL
MOTION."
"My Invention consists of a combined mechanism of crank shaft or shafts pro-
ducing rotary or semicircular motion, with beam or lever working in conjunction
with a toothed wheel or pulley of a determined diameter, so as to convert alter-
nately a part of the periphery of the said wheel or pulley into a rectilinear recipro-
cating motion, then if required this rectilinear reciprocating motion may be
converted into a rotary motion. Thus, an increased power is effected through
leverage without diminishing the speed resulting from the first impulsion.
In order to make my Invention clearly understood and how it is to be performed
I describe it as follows:-
1
In the first instance I will say that the mechanism above mentioned forms part
of a self-acting engine working by compressed air or other gases. I refer this
description to the accompanying Drawings. Figure 1' is a longitudinal elevation
partly in section of the said engine.

page_text: I use at first compressed air or gas in a reservoir. This compressed air is put in
communication alternately with the cylinder A by an ordinary system of slide
valves and piping communications. This cylinder exhausts alternately the expanded,
compressed air, or gas into another cylinder C by means of two valves opening
inside the said cylinder, and placed at each end of it. This exhaust enters the
cylinder C alternately and always behind the action of this piston. There are
other valves similar to the former fitted also at the end of cylinder C, but opening
in a reverse way, namely, outside the cylinder and against the pressure in the
reservoir, so as to rise alternately (when the compressed air or gas in this cylinder C
reaches the same degree of pressure) through the action of the piston of cylinder C,
which pumps the exhaust of cylinder A and forces it back again alternately into
the reservoir by the action of the aforesaid mechanism through an increasing
leverage, and so on alternately at every stroke. The respective proportions of these
two pistons are two to one, viz., two to one in speed and two to one in area, viz.,
piston of cylinder B, 50 square inches, and piston of cylinder C, 100 square
inches, both. pistons having the same stroke of 18 inches. The first crank shaft D
upon which the piston of cylinder A is acting is 9 inches throw, and it is connected
by the connecting rod E to the beam F, then through the connecting rod G to the
18 inches crank shaft H. This latter crank shaft produces a semicircular recipro-
cating motion similar to a pendulum action. On this crank shaft is fitted a toothed
wheel I of 10th inches diameter or thereabouts, and connected or geared to a
rack J of the same pitch as the wheel. On the rod of this shaft is fitted the piston
of cylinder C. Between this cylinder and the wheel I is placed a crank shaft K of
9 inch throw, upon which is fixed a fly wheel, then by the rectangular opening K¹
between the rack J and the rod of piston of cylinder C, produces a rotary motion
through the action of the said rack acting alternately on the aforesaid 9 inch crank
shaft for the purpose of overcoming the dead centre of the crank H during its
semicircular pendulum action.
The letter L shows a small air pump for the purpose of introducing a small
quantity of air or gas which may be necessary from losses through joints.
In this engine the piston of cylinder A may be considered as acting on the
longer arm of a lever from which the smaller arm works the piston of cylinder C.
The difference between the first impulsion produced on the longer arm of a lever,
and the power multiplied at the end of smaller arm of the said lever is proportioned
to the difference in the length of the two arms of this lever, whether it is a single
lever or a series of levers working by each other on a separated fulcrum, conse-
quently the following equations showing that result obtained by the combination of
this mechanism are 68.50 per cent. power gained without diminishing speed, as both
pistons are of equal stroke of 18 inches.
Ibs.
Equation 100 x 9
or x=
= x x 5.34;
==
168.50 lbs.
5'34
100 × 9
5-34
900
From this amount of power gained beyond the point of equilibrium a certain
per centage will be absorbed by the friction and other losses of the engine. The
remainder of this power gained will be utilized as driving power taken from either
shaft of the two rotary motions of this engine.
The mechanism or engine is applicable to all present engines and water wheels
for increasing their power.
;
In this case, as shown in Figure 2, the crank shaft D is connected to the driving
shaft of present engines or water wheels, and the power is to be taken out from the
herein-before described mechanism, namely, from the action of the rack or rod and
from their rectilinear alternative motion, or by way of a rotary motion produced by
the said rack, as herein-before mentioned.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the combination of crank shaft or
shaft beam, or lever working in conjunction with a toothed wheel or pulley, the
said wheel or pulley producing an alternative semicircular motion so as to develop

page_text: part of its periphery into a rectilinear alternative motion through a rack or rod for
the purposes herein-before mentioned, and as shown in the annexed Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Borzecki, have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Fifth day of July, One thousand eight hundred and
camente i