Year: 1886

page_text: I, JAMES NAYSMITH, of 4 Rosebery Place, Clydebank Dumbartonshire, Boiler
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
My invention bas reference to a new or improved construction of furnace bars,
suitable for steam boiler furnaces, and most other ordinary fuel burning furnaces;
which improvements will give the advantages of great lasting strength with
lightness, and keep the bars cool by a free circulation of the air through and
between them and over the whole furnace grate.
The nature and novelty of my improvements consist in rolling, bending or
creasing the furnace bars of deep inverted U (n) or narrow channel shape, in
transverse section, out of rolled thin sheet or band steel or malleable iron,
When these bars are to be made out of sheet steel or wrought iron, the sheets
would require to be cut up into widths equal to that of the two sides and the arch
of the bar so formed; and when made out of bars, the bars would also be rolled of
this width before rolling, bending or creasing them into the said -n-shape. And
they might either be cut into the proper lengths of the furnace bars before or after
being so shaped; and they might either have small round or longitudinal elliptical
holes punched through them in the upper or arched part, preferably before being
bent; and for forming the end bearing parts of the bars they would be square cut
(at a distance from each end equal to the bearing part) half way up or so from the
lower edges of the channel iron, and these cut parts would be bent or doubled up
to a height considerably lower than the top of the arch and form separating bearing
slips or ears for keeping these bars at their proper distance apart, and to allow the
air to pass up all along between the bars as also form the ends for resting on the
cross bearing bars of the furnace. While the ends of the bars behind these turned
up bearing parts might also be cut away angularly to rest on the bearing bars, or
form a check to prevent the bars from shifting on end. When these furnace bars
are intended for strong or heavy bars, they would preferably be made out of bars
rolled to the proper width for the purpose as stated, and might have the arched
part where the holes are punched made thicker than the sides; and when these
furnace bars are to be formed for light bars and rolled out of thin sheet metal or
bars, (as from one sixteenth to one eighth of an inch in thickness) they would have
a small part at the lower edges of the sides kneed up at right angles throughout
the length of the bars to strengthen these laterally.

page_text: Improvements in Furnace Bars.
I, JAMES NAYSMITH, of 4 Rosebery Place, Clydebank, Dumbartonshire, Boiler
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of my invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described, and ascertained in and by
the following statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, and to the reference letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say:-
My said invention has reference to a new or improved construction of furnace
bars, suitable for steam boiler furnaces, and most other ordinary fuel-burning
furnaces; which improvements will give the advantages of great lasting strength
with lightness; and keep the bars cool by a free circulation of the air through and
between them and over the whole furnace grate.
The nature and novelty of my improvements consist in rolling, bending or
creasing the furnace bars of deep inverted U (n) or narrow channel shape, out of
rolled thin sheet or band steel or malleable iron; of such a width as to form the
two sides and upper side of the bar, leaving the lower side open, and having the
upper side pierced through with very numerous round or it may be narrow slit-
holes for the free admission of air, right up through these bars from below; ears
being cut out of the side ends of the bar and bent or set up so as to form rests for
the bars to rest on their end carrying bearers.
In order that the full nature and novelty of my invention and improvements
may be properly understood, as also the mode and means of putting the same into
effect or practice, I shall now proceed to described the several Figures on the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings which I have hereunto appended for that
purpose, the same reference letters indicating like parts in all the Figures where
shown.
Figure 1 shows a side elevation partially in section of one modification or form
of my improved construction of and mode of constructing furnace bars; and
Figure 2 shows an end view of four bars A. two of which are in transverse section,
while Figure 3 shows a plan of part of two bars, both Figures corresponding to
Figure 1; and Figure 4 is an end view of one bar A, to a large or full size scale
corresponding to Figures 1 to 3, all as designed for being made with thin malle-
able iron or steel plate, in which case the lower edges and bearing ends would be
kneed or bent for strength, as at a¹¹ and a².
Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 are corresponding sectional side and end elevations, and
plan, with large end view detached, to those shown in Figures 1 to 4, of my
improved furnace bar A¹, as modified to be made of thicker plates, in which case
neither the lower edges a" nor the bearing ends a need be doubled out for strength,
as shown in the former Figures 1 to 4.
Figures 9, 10 and 11, are a sectional side, and end elevation, and a large or full
size end view of a wider modification of my improved channel construction of
furnace bar A¹¹, as designed for being made of thicker rolled malleable iron or steel
plates, than those shown in the former figures 1 to 8. Figures 12 and 13, are plans

page_text: of parts of the modification of my improved furnace bars A, as shown in Figures 9,
10, and 11, illustrative of different forms of the air admission holes c, or slits c',
which I punch or form through the upper side a¹ of these channel shaped plate
furnace bars.
Referring first to the Figures generally and especially to Figures 4, 8 and 11:-
When these furnace bars A, A, A", are to be made out of rolled sheet steel or
wrought iron, the sheets would require to be cut up into widths equal to that of
the two sides a and the top or arch a', of the bar so formed; and when made out
of bars or bands, these would be rolled to this width, before rolling, bending or
creasing them into the said -shape, as shown in Figures 4, 8, and 11.
And they
might either be cut into the proper lengths of the furnace bars before or after being
so shaped. Small round holes, or narrow longitudinal or angled elliptical slots c or
c, would be punched through the central parts of the plates, which would form
the arched or upper part a', of the finished bar, preferably while in the plate or
bar form and before being rolled or bent into the channel form, shown in Figures 4,
8 and 11. In forming the end bearing parts a², of the bars A. Figures 1 to 4, they
would be square cut, (at a short distance a², from each end, equal to the length of
the bearing part), half way up or so from the lower edges of the sides a, a, of the
channel iron, and these cut parts a³ would be bent or doubled up to a height con-
siderably lower than the top or arch a', and form separating bearing slips or ears
at a³, for keeping the sides a, of these channel bars A, at their proper distance
apart, as shown in Figure 2, to allow the air to pass up at b, all along between the
sides a of the bars to keep these cool, and also form the supporting ends for resting
on the cross bearing bars or bearers of the furnace, as indicated in dotted lines at Č
in several of the Figures. When these furnace bars are to be formed for light bars
and rolled out of thin sheet metal or bars, (as from one sixteenth to one eighth of
an inch in thickness), they would preferably have a small part all at the lower
edges of the sides a, a, kneed up at right angles throughout the length of the
bars A, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, to strengthen these light bars laterally. The
end parts of the bars A, behind these turned up bearing and separating parts a²,
might be cut away at an angle either to rest on the bearers C, or form a check at b¹,
behind these to prevent the bars A from shifting on end. When these furnace bars
are intended for strong or heavy, or broad bars, as shown in Figures 5 to 8 and
9 to 13, they would preferably be made out of bars rolled to the proper width for
the purpose to form the three sides a, a, and a¹, as stated, and might have the
arched part a¹, where the holes c and c¹ are punched, made thicker than the
sides a, a or than the plates of the lighter bar shown in Figures 1 to 4, and wider
and flatter on the top as shown in Figures 10 and 11. In this case the sides a
being strong, the ear parts a³, which were doubled up would be cut away and have
the side parts as above, forced.and creased out sufficiently to form the separating
projections at the ends of the bars to keep them separate to form the air division b
between the bars.
When the top side a¹ of these improved channel shaped plate bars A¹ are made
wide, as for larger sized bars and furnaces, the round holes c would be made more
numerous and close together, as shown in Figure 12; or they might be punched
in the form of longitudinal or angular round-ended slots c¹, as shown in Figure 13,
to admit more air up through the interior of the bar and these holes, which would
heat the air and give a better combustion of the fuel and keep the bars colder than
has been obtained with the ordinary construction of furnace bars heretofore used.
The bars or plates of malleable iron or steel for making these new or improved
furnace bars, might be first rolled into the approximate channel shape required, and
while yet hot from the roll mill, might be cut off into the proper lengths and shape
at the ends, and then put into the punching and shaping or creasing dies and
presses to finish them all at the same heat. With some sizes and shapes of furnace
bars, to be made with good sheet or bar iron, or mild steel, the punching of the
holes and cutting, shaping, and finishing the ends might be done with the metal
cold, or by reheating, as found most suitable.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. The new or improved construction and mode and means of making or
manufacturing furnace bars, substantially as and for the advantages herein
described in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The making of furnace bars of an open channel construction of malle-
able iron or steel perforated so numerously on the upper side as to heat and admit
the air and keep the bars cool, substantially as herein described in reference to
and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Third. The perforating of hollow furnace bars so numerously that the air in
passing up through them is heated and thus keeps the upper part of the bars
colder for the better resistance of the action of the fire on them, substantially as
herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings.