IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO KITCHEN AND COOKING RANGES AND STOVES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Russell of the firm of W. and AC Russell & Co.
of Scotia Foundry, Pendleton near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO KITCHEN AND
COOKING RANGES AND STOVES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Russell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th February 1883.
WILLIAM RUSSELL of the firm of W, and A. C, Russell &. C° of Scotia Foundry,
Pendleton, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
APPLICABLE TO KITCHEN AND COOKING RANGES AND STOVES,"
"
My invention has for its object certain combinations and arrangements of
Kitchen and cooking ranges and stoves, whereby the heat from the combustion
of gas is or may be combined when desired with the heat from the combustion and
products of combustion of coal or other solid fuels in the ordinary fire grate.
Firstly, My invention relates to ovens or closed compartments heated from the
combustion and products and hot air from the combustion of coal or other solid
fuel, burned in an ordinary fire grate, and hereinafter termed "fire," and consists
in arranging so that the heat from the "fire" and its products will act especially
and directly upon the bottom of the oven or compartment and also upon the sides
and top of the oven in the ordinary manner.
For this purpose the draught for Kitchen range ovens, is carried in a box flue
formed under the bottom of the oven, leaving a narrow cavity under the bottom
of the oven, at the front and the back, in which gas is consumed, by suitable burners
supplied by pipes provided with cocks, the heat and hot air from which gas burners
pass from the gas combustion cavities through perforations in a thin moveable
bottom or shelf into the oven, and pass out from it at a suitable vent.
In some arrangements of oven there is only one set of gas burners for a cavity
under the bottom and in front of the oven, and in another arrangement of ovens
there is a gas combustion cavity on each side of the oven, that is, on those sides at
a right angle to the front of the oven,

page_text: The box flue under the oven for the heat from the "fire" is provided with
covers or doors by which it can be readily cleaned out when required.
"
With such arrangement of ovens the heat from the fire' or from the "
may be used separately or in conjunction as desired.
"
">
"
gas"
Secondly, My invention relates to arrangements combined with ovens or com-
partments heated by heat from a "fire or from "gas or both "fire" and "gas,"
and consists in applying gas burners to the tops or hobs of such ovens or cooking
compartments, which gas burners can be used when required by themselves or
when the oven is heated by "fire or gas, or both.
"
The burners are arranged in cavities sunk in the top of the hob of the oven or
compartment which is thus left even on the the surface.
Thirdly, My invention relates to Kitchen ranges heated by "fire" such as those
having high oven ranges, or ranges having an oven on one side higher than the
fire, or to "Leamington" or closed fire ranges with a continuous shelf or shelves,
"Plate rack," "Grid," or "Extended plate," and consists in applying a gas burner
or gas burners in one or more rings or other suitable forms to the underside of the
shelves to act through suitable apertures in the shelf.
These burners are supplied with gas by pipes provided with suitable cocks, so
that the gas heat may be used or not as required.
This arrangement forms a means of heating by gas, and converts the shelf-into
a Hearth, for gas cooking or heating without interfering with its use, as in ordinary
ranges, in which it is used as a "warm shelf," over the fire or hob.
Fourthly, My invention relates to an improved arrangement of turn down grid-
or tray for cooking or heating by gas, and which may be used by itself or combined
with cooking ranges or stoves heated by "fire" or gas, or both.
My invention consists in attaching the burner to the grid, or hinging it separately,
so that it can be turned down when required for use, and in arranging the jet pipe
for the gas, in a fixed position, so that the opening to the burner will come opposite
to the gas jet pipe, when the grid or burner is turned down for use and the gas
will carry along with it into the burner tube, the air required for combustion; all
hinged joints in the gas pipe being thus dispensed with.
"
Fifthly, My invention relates to what are known as a bracket shelf "Trivet,"
Top-bars," Tray
or "Shelf" or "Grid" used in Kitchen ranges heated by
"fire" which shelf is sometimes placed or may be placed in front of the fire
attached to the bars or "draw-fret' or "ash pan" front, and which is sometimes
placed under the oven door against either the Range fronts or hobs of Ranges,
heated by "fire" and consists in applying to these shelves or grids, gas burners for
heating, supplied by gas from pipes provided with suitable cocks, so that such
shelves may be heated by gas when required, as well as by the heat from the fire.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Russell in the Great Seal Patout Office on the 7th August
1883.
WILLIAM RUSSELL, of the firm of W. and A. C. Russell & Co of Scotia Foundry
Pendleton, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
APPLICABLE TO KITCHEN AND COOKING RANGES AND STOVES."
My invention has for its object certain combinations and arrangements of
Kitchen and cooking ranges and stoves whereby the heat from the combustion of
gas may be used separately, or is or may be combined, when desired, with the heat
from the combustion and products of combustion of coal or other solid fuel in a
fire place or in the ordinary fire grate.
Firstly, My invention relates to ovens or closed compartments, heated from the
combustion and products and hot air from the combustion of coal or other solid fuel,
burned in a fire place or an ordinary fire grate, and hereinafter termed "fire" and
consists in arranging so that the heat from the "fire" and its products will act
especially and directly upon the bottom of the oven or compartment and also upon
the sides and top of the oven in the ordinary manner.
For this purpose the draught for Kitchen range ovens is carried in a box or other
flue formed under the bottom of the oven leaving a narrow cavity under the bottom
of the oven at the front and the back, in which gas is consumed by suitable
burners supplied by pipes provided with cocks, the heat and hot air from which
gas burners pass from the gas combustion cavities through perforations in a thin
movable bottom, or shelf (if preferred) into the oven and pass out from it at a
suitable vent. In some arrangements of oven there is only one set of gas burners
for a cavity or opening under the bottom and in front of the oven, and in another
arrangement of ovens there is a gas combustion cavity on each side of the oven,
that is, on those sides at a right angle to the front of the oven and in some cases
the cavity is or may be formed under the centre of the oven bottom.
The box or other flue or flues under the oven for the heat from the fire is
provided with a cover or door or covers or doors arranged in any convenient
manner by which it or they can be readily cleaned out when required.
With such arrangement of ovens, the heat from the "fire" or from the "gas"
may be used separately or in conjunction for heating or cooking as desired.
Secondly, My invention relates to arrangements combined with ovens or
compartments heated by heat from a fire" or fire and gas, and consists in applying
gas burners to the tops or hobs of such ovens or cooking compartments, which gas
burners can be used when required by themselves, or when the oven is heated by
"fire" or both fire and gas.
The burners are arranged in a cavity or cavities sunk in or formed on the top of
the hob of the oven or compartment and covered by a grid, or the grid or projections
are formed upon or attached to the burners.
Thirdly, My invention relates to an improved arrangement of turn down grid or
tray for cooking or heating by gas and which may be used by itself fixed in any
desired position or combined with cooking ranges or stoves heated by fire or gas
or both,
My invention consists in attaching the burner to the grid or in hinging or
jointing it separately, so that the burner and grid can be turned down when
required for use, and in arranging the jet pipe for the gas in a fixed position in
such manner that the opening to the burner will come opposite to the gas jet pipe

page_text: Fig 8 is a plan section on the line D-D fig 1.
The figures above referred to illustrate the mode of carrying out the first and
some other part of my invention hereinafter referred to.
Fig 9 is a detached enlarged section of an oven or cooking and heating
compartment according to the first part of my invention the section being taken in
a line from the front to-the back of the oven and fig 10 is a front elevation of the
same with the oven door supposed away.
In carrying out the first part of my invention, the heat whether from the solid
fuel, herein before called "fire," or from the "gas" is most effective when it is applied
to and acts from the bottom of the oven and I arrange the oven so that the fire
heat can act upon the bottom of the oven as well as upon other parts of the oven
as in ordinary ranges. In the ovens of the range illustrated by figs 1 to 8 inclusive
only one cavity for the gas burners is shown in front of each oven, and below the
bracket shelf which is sometimes used in front of the oven below its door.
One gas burner is used it may by preference be of any known arrangement of
burners for consuming a mixture of gas and air and in some cases two or more gas
burners are or may be used one over the other, and these burners are or may be
attached to and connected with the bracket shelf, when such is used, in such
manner that it or they can be readily removed and replaced without interfering
with the gas jet pipes which are made fixtures by preference.
I prefer to form the cavity in front of the oven for the gas burner by a curved
plate having flanges by which it can be secured, as shown best in figs 9 and 10,
where a is the curved plate, 6 the bottom plate of the oven acted upon by the fire
heat; c the front of the oven.
dare brackets from, the "shelf to which the gas burners e are or may be
secured so that when placed in position the open end of the mixing tube e¹ of the
burner will come opposite the gas jet pipe e as shown in fig 10, in which figure the
shelf d is omitted (though its brackets d' are represented) to show the gas burner e
more clearly.
The front of the cavity is open to freely admit air to the burners.
Fig 9 also illustrates a cavity a* for one or more gas burners (one only is shown)
at the back of the oven, the arrangement of which will be readily understood from
the drawing without further explanation.
In figs 9 and 10 only the upper and lower parts of the oven are shown the parts
between are supposed broken away.
61 is the opening in the fire cheek for the fire to pass into the flue under the
oven bottom b, b³ is a damper forming part of the bottom of the flue which can be

page_text: withdrawn to allow soot to pass out from the flue, 63 is an opening in the front of
the range closed by a door 6x through which the flue can be cleaned.
When a cavity ax is used at the back of the oven for one or more gas burners (e)
a passage is made for air to pass to it from the front of the oven under the bottom
plate b for the flue and through the opening at 6³.
The opening from the burner cavity to the oven is or may be covered by a
perforated or grid plate a² by preference there is also a perforated plate or false
bottom a³ a little above the bottom of the oven to distribute the heat from the gas
burner or burners.
There is a ventilating outlet in any convenient part of the oven; but in fig 9 an
opening f for ventilation is shown at the top of the oven, which has a sliding
damper f¹ connected to a rod få passing through a hole in the front of the oven by
which the outlet may be wholly or partly closed by the damper f' as desired-A
passage is formed from the damper opening f, to the fire grate side of the oven by
the parts f³ and f' as shown.
In some cases, to further heat the oven, and for "grilling" or "browning"
purposes, a gas burner is arranged at the upper part of the oven as shown in
figs 4, 7, 9 and 10 in which case a gas burner ex is attached to the plate or shelf e³
which is slided in and carried upon ribs upon the interior sides of the oven (see
figs 9 and 10) until the open end of the mixing tube of the gas burner comes
opposite a gas jet pipe e passing through the side of the oven as shown.
The main gas supply pipes e are arranged as shown, or in any other convenient
manner with branch pipes provided with cocks for the supply of each burner.
The mode of carrying out the second part of my invention is illustrated by
figs 1, 3, 4 and 8 more particularly by figs 4 and 8.
g is a cavity or sunk part in the hob of the oven, and in this cavity one or more
gas burners are arranged.
The front part of the cavity is or may be left open for air to pass to the burners.
Three gas burners e are shown in the drawings they rest on the hob and have a
grid above them resting on the margins round the cavity of the hob or the grid
is or may be formed on the burners.
The open end of the mixing tube of each burner e6 comes opposite a gas jet
pipe branching from a main supply pipe as shown, the jet pipe for each burner
having a separate cock.
The mode of carrying out the third part of my invention is illustrated as applied
to Kitchen ranges by figs 1 and 6 and on an enlarged scale by fig 11.
In figs 1 and 6 three gas burners h are shown all connected to the same grid h¹
and there is a separate branch gas pipe each provided with a cock or tap for each
burner.
Fig 11 shows the details of the arrangement most clearly.
i represents the top of a hob or oven (though the arrangement may be used in
any convenient position separate and apart from either), a plate shelf-above the
oven or hob, h³ the main gas pipe, h* a cock or tap between it and a branch pipe h³
passing to the gas jet pipe h.
j is one of two stands secured to the hob to carry the pivots j¹ of the grid h¹ to
which the gas burner or burners h are attached, is a part projecting from the
front of the grid which rests upon the hob and supports the front part of the grid
when it is down in its position for use, when the open end of each mixing tube of
the burner or burners will be in its proper position opposite the gas jet pipe.
When not required the grid and burner or burners.is turned into the position
shown in dotted line in fig 11, and when desired the grid and burner or burners
can be readily lifted and removed away from the open bearings j.
When used apart from a hob, the burner and grid is or may be supported in its
turned down or horizontal position by projections from the grid near its pivots
resting against the bearings for the pivots, or the part to which the bearings are
attached.
The fourth part of my invention is illustrated by figs 12 to 22.
3

page_text: Fig 12 is a plan view of a "top bar" arranged to hook upon the grate bars of the
fire; fig 13 is a front elevation fig 14 an end elevation with the grid over the burner
removed and fig 15 a section of the same taken on the line K-K fig 12,
k the grate bars of the fire, and the "top bar" Z is hooked by the hooks l' upon
one of tho grate bars k, and 2 are brackets from the top bar to rest against the front
of the grate bars k.
The "top bar "
shown,
tap.
"
is a grid arranged to receive and carry a
being the gas supply pipe, the gas jet pipe
"
gas" burner" 18 as
and the cock or
The burner in the case illustrated is arranged to make a semi-rotation on its
axis when required, so that the flame may be turned down for ". grilling". or
browning "The mixing tube is in a bearing in the top bar at one end and a
pivot on the burner is in a bearing in the top bar l at the other end; The grid 17
is or may be hinged to the top bar by pivots at 1* or the grid is or may be formed
by projections on the burner.
Fig 16, is a plan view of a bracket shelf having two burners, one of which is
shown by a top plan view, the other by a section through the burner.
Fig 17 is an end elevation and fig 18 a vertical section through the shelf and
-burner.
* is a carrier secured to the front of the range or grate, in this the gas supply
pipo and jet pipe is arranged. The shelf has a projection that enters and
hooks in the carrier * and when down in its correct position the gas jet pipe
is correctly opposite the mixing tube of the burner which is bent as shown parallel
to the burner P.-
are projections above the burner upon which at a proper distance above the
flame the article rests which is to be heated.
Fig 19 is a plan fig 20 an end elevation and fig 21 a section in the line L-L
figs 19 and 20 of a rotary "Trivet."
The bracket * in which the Trivet turns is secured to the front of the range or
grate by a hook or other means in which bracket a gas supply pipe, gas jet pipe 1,
and cock 8, is arranged.
The axis of the Trivet is hollow and forms the mixing tube which conveys
the mixed gas and air to the gas burner l³.
are projections above the gas burner to sustain the articles to be heated at
the proper distance above the flame.
Fig 22 is a sectional elevation of a "Trivet "similar to that represented by figs 19,
20 and 21 but shown applied to a top bar or shelf hooked on the grate bars; k the
grate bars, the top bar or shelf.
I have now particularly described the nature of my said invention and the
manner in which the same is to be carried into effect and claim as my
invention.
Firstly. The combination with ovens or cooking compartments having their
bottoms heated by fire of a cavity or cavities opening or openings at or connected
with the bottoms of the ovens in which one or more gas burners are arranged
60 that the ovens may be heated either by the gas or fire independently or by
both combined when required substantially as herein before described and illustrated
by the drawings.
Secondly. In ovens or cooking compartments arranged to be heated either by
fire or gas independently or both combined, the combination and arrangement of
a cavity or opening in front of the oven having one or more gas burners in it
substantially as herein before described and illustrated by figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9
and 10 of the drawings
Thirdly. In ovens or cooking compartments arranged to be heated either by
fire or gas indepenently, [sic] or both combined, the combination and arrangement of
a cavity or opening at the front and at the back of the oven each cavity having
one or more gas burners substantially as bereinbefore described and illustrated by
figs 9 and 10 of the drawings.

page_text: Fourthly. The combinations and arrangements of ovens or cooking compartments
arranged to be heated by fire or gas independently or both combined substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated by figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 and 10 of
the drawings.
Fifthly. In ovens or cooking compartments arranged to be heated by fire or gas
independently or both combined, the combination with the top or hob of such ovens or
cooking compartments of one or more gas burners in a cavity on the "hob"
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by figs 1, 3, 4 and 8 of the
drawings.
Sixthly. The combination and arrangement of one or more gas burners and a
grid or its equivalent, hinged or jointed so as to be turned up when out of use and
turned down when in use, so that the burner, or each burner if more than one,
will be opposite a fixed gas jet pipe substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by figs 1, 6, 8 and 11 of the drawings.
Seventhly. The combination with the hobs of Kitchen ranges or fire grates of
gas burners and grids or their equivalents hinged or jointed so as to turn down
when in use so that each burner will be opposite a fixod gas jet pipe substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated by figs 1, 6, 8 and 11 of the drawings
Eighthly. The combination and arrangement of gas burners, with detachable,
Bracket-Shelfs," "Trivets" and "Top-bars" used with Kitchen ranges, or other
grates arranged to be heated by fire or fire or gas independently or both combined
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by figs 12 to 22 inclusive of
the drawings.
$6
"
Ninthly. The several combinations and arrangements of detachable "Top-bars,"
Bracket-Shelfs," and "Trivets," heated by gas burners substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by figs 12 to 22 inclusive of the drawings.
Tenthly. The arrangement of gas burners with Top-bars, Trivets or Bracket-
Shelves so as to be reversible for grilling browning or other purposes substantially
as bereinbefore described and illustrated by figs 12, 13, 14 and 15 of the drawings.
In Witness whereof I the said William Russell have hereunto set my hand and
seal this fourth day of August in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.
WILLIAM RUSSELL (LS)