A MIXTURE OR COMPOSITION TO BE USED IN THE PROCESS OF BOLLING, PREPARING, OB BLEACHING VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, WHETHER THEY ARE IN THE MANU-- FACTURED OR UNMANUFACTURED STATE, WHICH MIXTURE MAY ALSO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Hodgkinson, of Glenville Bleach Works;
Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland, for the Invention of "A
MIXTURE OR COMPOSITION TO BE USED IN THE PROCESS OF BOLLING, PREPARING,
OB BLEACHING VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, WHETHER THEY ARE IN THE MANU--
FACTURED OR UNMANUFACTURED STATE, WHICH MIXTURE MAY ALSO BE USED IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP."
Sealed the 17th October 1862, and dated the 23rd-April 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Hodgkinson, at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd April 1862.
I, ALFRED HODGKINSON, of Glenville Bleach Works, Belfast, in the County
of Antrim, Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A MIXTURE OR COMPOSITION TO BE USED IN THE PROCESS OF BOILING, PREPARING,.
OR BLEACHING VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, WHETHER THEY ARE IN THE MANUFACTURED
OR UNMANUFACTURED STATE, WHICH MIXTURE MAY ALSO BE USED IN THE MANU-
PACTURE OF SOAP," to be as follows:-
The mixture or composition consists of any oil or distillation of wood or
coal, or stone, or petroleum, or rock oil, or paraffine, in combination with
lime or caustic soda, or common soda ash. I propose to use the oil in the
proportion of one to one and a half or two gallons, in combination with any
of the above alkalis, in a solution of a strength or density to stand from
two to four degrees of Twaddle's hydrometer; varying the strength according
to the quality of the fabric to be operated upon. The mixture may be used
as a soap, if required, or it may be added to the alkaline and fatty matters.
ordinarily used in the manufacture of soap.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Hodgkinson, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd October 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I ALFRED
HODGKINSON, of Glenville Bleach Works, Belfast, in the County of Antrim,
Ireland, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto, me, the said Alfred Hodgkinson, Her special licence. that. I, the said
Alfred Hodgkinson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I; the said Alfred Hodgkinson, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree. with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "A MIXTURE OR COMPOSITION TO BE USED IN THE PROCESS OF
BOILING, PREPARING, OR BLEACHING VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, WHETHER THEY
ARE IN THE MANUFACTURED OR UNMANUFACTURED STATE, WHICH MIXTURE MAY
ALSO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I the said Alfred Hodgkinson, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their bands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the 'said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and causé
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Hodgkinson do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The mixture or composition consists of any oil or distillation of wood or
coal, or stone, or petroleum, or rock oil, or paraffine, in combination with lime
_or caustic soda, or common soda ash. I propose to use the oil in the propor-
tion of one to one and a half or two gallons, in combination with any of the
above alkalis, in a solution of a strength or density. to stand from two to four
degrees of Twaddle's hydrometer, varying the strength according to the quality
of the fabric to be operated upon. The mixture may be used as a soap, if

page_text: required, or it may be added to the alkaline (rosin) and fatty matters ordinarily
used in the manufacture of soap.
In order that my said Invention may be completely understood I now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, as follows:-In lieu of and
as a substitute for rosin, which has for many years been extensively used
along with an alkali in the operation of boiling linen and cotton fabrics and
yarns, I use an empyreumatic oil such as petroleum, or rock oil, paraffine, or
any essential oil of wood, coal, or stone, any or all of which oils I claim the
use of, as being both beneficial and effective, but finding from experiments
that petroleum or rock oil is not only the most effectual, but cheaper to use,
I make use of it in preference to any of the aforesaid oils. The first boil in
which I use the petroleum is in what is termed the lime boil, that is prepared.
with milk of lime in the usual way for 2,500 lbs. to 3,000 lbs. linen fabrics' or
yarns. I use from one to one and a half gallons of the oil (according to the quality.
of the cloth to be boiled), heavy strong fabrics requiring stronger alkali and
more petroleum than the finer and lighter qualities. I boil and otherwise
treat the goods in the usual manner; I. then prepare an alkali boil from
caustic soda or common soda ash of commerce, of a strength or density to
stand from 2° to 4° of Twaddle's hydrometer, varying the strength according
to the quality of the fabric to be operated upon, to which liquor I add two or
more gallons of the oil. I boil for 12 or 14 hours successively, after which I
give more alkali boils, if necessary, either with or without petroleum, and
afterwards proceed to whiten and bleach out the cloth in the usual way. For
cotton fabrics 25 to 30 per cent. less of both alkali and petroleum, I find. to -
be sufficient for a boil of the same weight of cloth as above mentioned.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Hodgkinson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of October, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
JAMES ROBERTSON,
Springfield,
Belfast.
ALFRED HODGKINSON. (L.B.)