Year: 1898

page_text: I, PHILIPPE PICHARD, of No. 175, Quai Valmy, Paris, France, Mechanical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a lathe which permits the operator to cause the tools
to operate on several rods at the same time, the result of which is a considerable
augmentation of the number of articles manufactured in a given time and con-
sequently a diminution in the net cost of the articles.
The lathe has a fixed head stock in the two cheeks of which are mounted say
three tubes capable of turning on their axes and intended to contain and to
cause to revolve three rods to be operated. Revolving motion is given to the
three hollow tubes or mandrels (and consequently to the three rods contained
and fixed therein) by means of three spur wheels each of which is keyed on to a
hollow mandrel. These spur wheels all gear with a spur wheel keyed on a sleeve
mounted in the headstock. The sleeve has mounted thereon, four pulleys, two
of which, are fixed, and the other two of which are loose. A straight belt passes
over a drum, and either one or the other of two of the pulleys and a cross belt
passes over a drum and either one or the other of the other two pulleys. The
drums are of different diameters and are keyed on a driving shaft which is
mounted in the lower part of the pedestal which latter carries the headstock and
constitutes the frame or standard of the lathe. The driving shaft receives motion
from a source of power by means of a stepped or coned pulley. The belts pass
through two forks carried by a sliding switch bar.
The operator by taking hold of a handle on the switch bar can therefore, as
desired, either stop the lathe by causing both belts to pass on to the idle pulleys
or can cause the hollow mandrels to revolve either in one direction by causing
one to pass over the one fixed pulley or in the other direction by causing the.
crossed belt to pass over the other fixed pulley.
The bed of the lathe is formed by a strong round rod which is fixedly fastened
in the two cheeks of the headstock and which projects from one of the sides of
the headstock for a considerable distance. On this rod is mounted the saddle
which consists of a sleeve which can be moved in either direction along the rod
or bar by means of a hand wheel mounted on a shaft carrying a pinion which
gears with a rack formed on, say, underside of the aforesaid rod or bar.
clamping nut having a hand lever mounted round the shaft of the pinion and
screwing on a hollow boss on the saddle engages with a collar on and made in
one with the shaft of the pinion permits of clamping the saddle in any desired
position or the saddle may be clamped in any other convenient manner.
A.
The sleeve or saddle is prevented from revolving on the rod or bar by a feather
carried by the said saddle and engaging in a longitudinal featherway in the rod
or bar.
The saddle carries at its end nearest to the headstock a horseshoe-shaped disc
in which there are three holes and the three rods to be operated are fixed in the
hollow mandrel and pass through these three holes.
Behind the disc is mounted a special tool holder. This tool holder is in the

page_text: form of a sector which is provided with a boss or nave mounted on the saddle in
such manner as to permit of turning on the latter. It is held against the disc
by its rim which extends over the circular periphery of the said disc to which is
screwed a band in the form of the arc of a circle which constitutes a ring or
flange which is in contact with the front face of the disc.
The tool holder has three elongated holes therein into which pass freely the
three rods to be operated on at their exit from the holes in the disc.
A special tool is fixed to the tool holder on each side of the elongated holes.
Each of these tools is preferably made of a disc with a hole therein attached to
the tool holder by means of a bolt carried by the latter and by a nut which clamps
the disc shaped tool. This latter has an approximately three cornered piece
from its circumference cut out in such manner as to present a radiating side of
which the exterior edge constitutes the cutting edge of the tool. It is evident that
the thickness of the disc and the profile of the cutting edge
special work to be effected by the tool.
depend upon the
These new tools present the advantage of lasting a long time, because when
they do not cut any longer or cease to cut properly they may easily be sharpened
until the whole of the radial edge has been worn or ground away, in such manner
that the whole of the circumference is gradually utilized by successive grindings
to form the cutting edge. Another advantage is that the sharpening of the tool
does not require any particular amount of precaution it being understood that
the cutting edge or side always remains absolutely identical to the same how-
ever small the amount of care taken during the sharpening and finally the work
effected is always very precise. The replacement of the tool after sharpening is
moreover always made correctly without difficulty because it is sufficient to thread
the disc shaped tool on the bolt and to screw up the nut taking care that the
cutting side is directed towards the side of the bar or tube to be operated on.
The two tools of each pair are mounted at such a distance from each other
that neither can touch the bars to be operated on in the normal position of the
tool holder, this position being that in which the latter is retained by a small
spring bolt which takes into a recess made in the periphery of the horseshoe
shaped disc.
When it is desired to make one or the other of the series of tools operate on
the three rods which pass through the disc and which revolve with the hollow
mandrels it is only necessary to make the tool holder revolve in one direction
or the other round the saddle.
The tool holder may be operated either by a handle which is fixed directly to
the same or by means of a lever which is mounted on the saddle and provided
with a crank or a cam which engages with a fork on the tool holder.
This latter arrangement may however be modified by replacing it by any other
fulfilling the same object and for instance by an endless screw gearing with teeth
formed on the tool holder.
Although the tool holder before described can be used for tools of different.
kinds, it is more particularly intended for tools such as cutters, parting tools and
the like which operate at the side of the rods whilst the saddle does not move,
whereas if tools such as screw taps, drills, finishing bits, screw plates, hollow
cutting bits and the like are intended to be used, which tools operate on the rods
in a longitudinal direction owing to the displacement of the saddle on the stout
rod or bar forming the bed, they, the said tools are preferably carried by a turret
capable of turning on the saddle and of being maintained in each of several
positions by means of a spring bolt. The turret is made with a number of round
holes arranged in a circle to receive the different tools which are kept in place by
set screws. The turret may also serve as a steadying plate for supporting the
three rods during the time they are operated on by the tools of the first described
tool holder. The disc may also be provided with regulatable abutments or
stops which limit the advance of the saddle during or after the cutting off of one
piece.

page_text: The turret is kept in position on the saddle by two split rings which are
clamped together by set screws and when the latter are slackened the longitudinal
displacement of the turret on the saddle is rendered possible for the purpose of
altering the distance between the turret and the first described tool holder.
It will be seen that this system of lathe permits not only of operating on
several rods at the same time but also of operating on each of the rods for a
length equal to the length of movement of the saddle without having to alter
the position of the rods in the hollow mandrels. Concerning the rods which have
already been operated on, that is to say when the saddle has come nearly into
contact with the headstock the said saddle is brought back again to the other end
of the bed or stout bar, the rods in the hollow mandrel are slackened and caused
to advance a distance equal to the travel of the saddle or thereabouts, the rods
are again clamped in position and the lathe is ready for operating for a distance
equal to the length of the travel of the saddle.
The pieces cut off the three rods fall into a tank or receptacle carried by the
frame.
Dated this 25th day of October 1898.
I, PHILIPPE PICHARD, of No. 175, Quai Valmy, Paris, France, Mechanical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My invention relates to a lathe which permits the operator to cause the tools
to operate on several rods at the same time, the result of which is a considerable
augmentation of the number of articles manufactured in a given time and con-
sequently a diminution in the net cost of the articles.
The accompanying drawings represent as an example a lathe constructed accord-
ing to my invention for the purpose of operating on three rods at the same time.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the lathe.
Figure 2 is an end view.
Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line 3-3 Figure 1 on a larger scale and
Figure 4 is a transverse section on the line 44 of Figure 1 to a larger
scale than Figure 3.
The lathe has a fixed headstock A in the two cheeks of which are mounted
say three tubes B capable of turning on their axes and intended to contain and
to cause to revolve three rods to be operated. Revolving motion is given to the
three hollow tubes or mandrells (and consequently to the three rods contained and
fixed therein) by means of three spur wheels each of which is keyed on to a
hollow mandrel B. These spur wheels b all gear with a spur wheel c keyed on a
sleeve C mounted in the headstock. The sleeve has mounted thereon four pulleys,
two of which, D and E are fixed, and the other two of which D¹ and E¹ are loose.
A straight belt D2 passes over a drum D³ and either one or the other of two of the
pulleys D or D¹ and a crossed belt E2 passes over a drum E3 and either one or the
other of the other two pulleys E¹ or E. The drums D3 and E3 are of different
diameters and are keyed on a driving shaft F which is mounted in the lower part
of the pedestal G which latter carries the headstock and constitutes the frame or

page_text: standard of the lathe. The driving shaft F receives motion from a source of
power by means of a stepped or coned pulley F¹. The belts D2 and E2 pass
through two forks carried by the sliding switch bar H.
The operator by taking hold of the handle on the switch bar can therefore as
desired either stop the lathe by causing both belts to pass on to the idle pulleys D
and E or can cause the hollow mandrels B to revolve either in one direction by
.causing the right hand belt D2 to pass over the fixed pulley D or in the other
direction by causing the crossed belt E² to pass over the other fixed pulley E.,..
The bed of the lathe is formed by a strong round rod I which is fixedly fastened
in the two cheeks of the headstock and which projects from one of the sides of
the headstock for a considerable distance. On this rod is mounted the saddle
which consists of a sleeve J which can be moved in either direction along the rod
or bar I by means of a handwheel K mounted on a shaft carrying a pinion K
which gears with a rack I formed on, say, the under side of the aforesaid rod.or
bar I. A clamping nut K2 having a hand lever mounted round the shaft of
the pinion and screwing on a hollow boss on the saddle engages with a collar on
and made in one with the shaft of the pinion and permits of clamping the saddle
in any desired position or the saddle may be clamped in any other convenient
manner.
The sleeve or saddle J is prevented from revolving on the rod or bar I by a
feather j carried by the said saddle and engaging in a longitudinål featherway i
in the rod or bar I.
The saddle J carries at its end nearest to the headstock a horseshoe shaped
disc L in which there are three holes and the three rods to be operated are fixed
in the hollow mandrels B and pass through these three holes.
Behind the disc is mounted a special tool holder M. This tool holder is in the
form of a sector which is provided with a boss or nave mounted on the saddle J in
such manner as to permit of turning on the latter It is held against the disc by
its rim m which extends over the circular periphery of the said disc to which is
screwed a band m¹ in the form of the arc of a circle which constitutes a ring or
flange which is in contact with the front face of the disc.
The toolholder M has three elongated holes m² therein into which pass freely
the three rods to be operated on at their exit from the holes in the disc.
A special tool N or N' is fixed to the tool holder on each side of the elongated
holes m².
Each of these tools is preferably made of a disc with a hole therein attached to
the tool holder by means of a bolt a carried by the latter and by a nut n¹ which
clamps the disc shaped tool. This latter has an approximately three cornered
piece from its circumference cut out in such manner as to present a radiating side
of which the exterior edge m³ constitutes the cutting edge of the tool. It is evident
that the thickness of the disc and the profile of the cutting edge n³ depend upon
the special work to be effected by the tool.
These new tools present the advantage of lasting a long time, because when
they do not cut any longer or cease to cut properly they may easily be sharpened
until the whole of the radial edge has been worn or ground away, in such
manner that the whole of the circumference is gradually utilised by successive
grindings to form the cutting edge n³. Another advantage is that the sharpening
of the tool does not require any particular amount of precaution it being under-
stood that the cutting edge or side n³ always remains absolutely identical to the
same however small the amount of care taken during the sharpening and finally
the work effected is always very precise. The replacement of the tool after
sharpening is moreover always made correctly without difficulty because it is
sufficient to thread the disc shaped tool on the bolt and to screw up the nut taking
care that the cutting side is directed towards the side of the bar or tube to be
operated on.
The two tools N and N¹ of each pair are mounted at such a distance from each
other that neither can touch the bars to be operated on in the normal position of

page_text: the tool holder, this position being that in which the latter is retained by a small
spring bolt m³ which takes into a recess made in the periphery of the horseshoe
shaped disc L.
When it is desired to make one or the other of the series of tools N or N
operate on the three rods which pass through the disc and which revolve with
the hollow mandrels B it is only necessary to make the toolholder revolve in one.
direction or the other round the saddle J.
The toolholder may be operated either by a handle M which is fixed directly
to the same or by means of a lever M2 which is mounted on the saddle and pro-
vided with a crank M³ or a cam which engages with a fork M on the toolholder.
This latter arrangement may however be modified by replacing it by any other
fulfilling the same object and for instance by means of an endless screw gearing
with teeth formed on the tool holder.
Although the tool holder M before described can be used for tools of different
kinds, it is more particularly intended for tools such as cutters parting tools and
the like which operate at the side of the rods whilst the saddle does not move,
whereas if tools such as screw taps, drills, finishing bits, screw plates, hollow
cutting bits and the like are intended to be used which tools operate on the rods
in a longitudinal direction owing to the displacement of the saddle on the stout
rod or bar I forming the bed, they, the said tools are preferably carried by a
turret capable of turning on the saddle and of being maintained in each of
several positions by means of a spring bolt 01. The turret is made with a number
of round holes 02 arranged in a circle to receive the different tools which are kept
in place by set screws 03. The turret may also serve as a steadying plate for
supporting the three rods during the time they are operated on by the tools of the
first described tool holder. The turret may also be provided with adjustable abut-
ments or stops which limit the advance of the saddle during or after the cutting
off of one piece.
The turret is kept in position on the saddle by two split rings P P¹ which are
clamped together by set screws p p and when the latter are slackened the longi-
tudinal displacement of the turret 0 on the saddle J is rendered possible for the
purpose of altering the distance between the turret and the first described tool
holder M.
It will be seen that this system of lathe permits not only of operating on
several rods at the same time but also of operating on each of the rods for a
length equal to the length of movement of the saddle without having to alter the
position of the rods in the hollow mandrels B. Concerning the rods which have
already been operated upon, that is to say when the saddle has come nearly into
contact with the headstock the said saddle is brought back again to the other end
of the bed or stout bar I, the rods in the hollow mandrels are slackened and caused
to advance a distance equal to the travel of the saddle or thereabouts, the rods are
again clamped in position and the lathe is ready for operating for a distance
equal to the length of the travel of the saddle.
The pieces cut off the three rods fall into a tank or receptacle R carried by
the frame G.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A lathe having a fixed headstock A with several parallel hollow mandrels B
into each of which is secured a rod to be operated on, such mandrels being revolved
by a spur wheel c capable of being revolved in one direction or in the other direc-
lion by means of driving gear with straight and cross belts, in combination with a
sliding saddle provided with a tool holder having as many tools or series of tools
as there are hollow mandrels for permitting of operating simultaneously on all
the rods."
2. In a lathe as firstly claimed the construction which consists in making the

page_text: bed for the saddle of a simple stout rod or bar I fixed to the headstock A and the
saddle of a sleeve J capable of sliding along the said rod by operating a pinion
engaging a rack formed on the said rod I.
3. In a lathe as firstly and secondly claimed, the toolholder M capable of turn-
ing on the sleeve J having elongated holes m² for the passage of the rods to be
operated on and carrying as many tools or series of tools as there are rods to be
operated on.
4. In a lathe as firstly and secondly claimed, the turret O capable of turning on
the sleeve J and having a circular series of holes 02 for receiving tools, adjustable
stops, or guides for the rods to be operated on, as desired.
5. In a lathe as firstly secondly and thirdly claimed the application and use of
tools consisting of circular discs N and N each of which presents a notch which
forms a cutting edge 3 of suitable form, said tools being fixed to the toolholder M
on each side of the rods to be operated on by means of bolts and nuts n¹.
6. The general arrangement and construction of lathe substantially as described
and shown on the accompanying drawings.
C T 1 1000
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.