Improvements in Apparatus for Increasing the Humidity of the Air in Buildings.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd May, 1887
Complete Left, 2nd Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 2nd Mar., 1888
Improvements in Apparatus for Increasing the Humidity of the Air
in Buildings.
I JAMES RAWLINSON of Shaw, near Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Foreman,
do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
escapes
My Invention relates to the apparatus principally employed to increase the humidity
of the air in cotton mills. Previously to my invention the air admitted into the rooms
in which it is desirable to have a humid atmosphere has been passed into a chamber in
which water has been kept at or about at the point of ebullition but I have not found
this method to be free from defects. According to my invention I obtain the necessary
humidity by discharging steam through casings the steam passing from one casing
into another and expanding and becoming more diffused so that when it finally
into the chamber wherein it meets the current of air it is in a condition to be
taken up by the air so as to increase the humidity of the air without being carried
forward in the condition of apparent steam. In the form of apparatus I prefer the
steam is conveyed by means of a perforated pipe which discharges into a surrounding
casing which is itself surrounded by a second casing and if considered to be advisable
by a third or by any suitable number of casings. The perforations in the casings
increase in number as the casings become more remote from the steam pipe and by
preference the perforations are alternately formed in the upper and lower portions of
the pipe and casings so that the steam is caused to take a circuitous course in its
passage to the exterior of the casings. Openings are provided to effect the drainage
of the casings so that the water of condensation may be permitted to flow away through
a suitable discharge pipe. When the air is to be warmed I pass it through a chamber
containing steam pipes. The air from this chamber is deflected downward into the
chamber containing the vapour discharger. After mingling with the vapour the air
is delivered in an upward direction through a grating or is suitably discharged into
the room.
1007
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester,
Agents.

page_text: • COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Increasing the Humidity of the Air
in Buildings.
I JAMES RAWLINSON of Shaw near Oldhain in the County of Lancaster Foreman,
do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying drawings :-
:-
My Invention relates to the apparatus principally employed to increase the humidity
of the air in Cotton Mills and other buildings. Previously to my invention the air
admitted into the rooms in which it is desirable to have a humid atmosphere has been
passed into a chamber in which water has been kept at or about at the point of
ebullition but I have not found this method to be free from defects. According to my
invention I obtain the necessary humidity by discharging steain through casings the
steam passing from one casing into another and expanding and becoming more diffused
so that when it finally escapes into the chamber wherein it meets the current of air it
is in a condition to be taken up by the air so as to increase the humidity of the air
without being carried forward in the condition of apparent steam.
To render my invention more clear I will proceed to describe the same with
reference to the annexed sheet of illustrative drawings in which the construction and
arrangement of the steam diffusing tubes or chambers is readily apparent. Fig. 1 is
a longitudinal section of a humidifying apparatus made in accordance with my inven-
tion the full length not being shown for want of space. Fig. 2 is a view in which
the several tubes are broken off to show the tubes within. The apparatus as
illustrated consists of three concentric tubes a. b and c. The inner tube a into
which the steam is admitted is screwed through the ends d and e and may either
be fitted with a steam tight cap f as shown or may extend throughout a series of
similar humidifiers. Between the ends d and e and supported concentrically with
relation to the inner steam tube, is the second tube b; while outside of and sup-
ported concentrically with relation to the said second tube is the outer tube c. In
order that the steam may be admitted to the various concentric chambers thus formed,
I perforate the inner steam tube at say g. h and i very few holes being made in this
tube and their number being regulated by the pressure of steam. For example with
steam of very high pressure the holes in the inner tube might be twelve inches apart.
With steam of lower pressure they might be pitched more closely together. The steam
is thus admitted into the concentric chamber between the tubes a and b. I perforate
the second tube b with holes k which are set more closely together than is the case
with the inner tube a. Care should be taken to have these holes in that part of the
tube b which is furthest from the holes in the tube a so as to cause the steam to travel
at least half round the chamber and thus become as much diffused as possible before
issuing through the holes k. The steam has now entered the last concentric chamber
formed by the outer tube c. This tube is also perforated with holes 1 (for the final

page_text: exit of the steam) which are also placed as far as possible from the holes k. These
holes are more numerous and more closely set together than in the tube 6 because
the steam having become diffused and broken up by its passage through the concentric
chambers is not now under appreciable pressure and has been reduced to the condition
best suited for imparting humidity to the air. Drainage holes m are formed in the
outer tube c to allow the water of condensation to escape. If thought requisite I
might provide means to close these holes except at the times when drainage becomes
necessary. The air to be humidified is caused to pass over the holes in the tube c,
becoming saturated with the issuing steam or moisture as it passes. A greater or less
number of concentric tubes than three may be used and the shape and construction of
the said tubes or chambers might be varied. When the air is to be warmed it may be
passed over hot pipes or through a heating chamber previous to being subjected to the
action of the humidifier. As however the modes of heating the air and discharging
it in its humid condition into the room, shed or building can be greatly modified and
depends largely on existing conditions I make no claim in respect of such arrangements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
In apparatus for increasing the humidity of hot or cold air supplied to mills and
other rooms and buildings, the employment of two three or more perforated tubes or
jackets or casings arranged concentrically or around each other so as to diffuse and
reduce the steam supplied from the central tube or conduit to a condition suitable for
imparting humidity to the air, the whole constructed, arranged and acting substantially
as described and shown.
1
1
c T1
1000
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester,
Agents.