AN IMPROVED MODE OF PREPARING OXIDE OF ZINC AS A PIGMENT
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,.
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts-
man, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED MODE OF PREPARING OXIDE OF
ZINC AS A PIGMENT."-A communication from abroad by George Lewis, of
Philadelphia, United States of America.
Sealed the 6th April 1863, and dated the 26th November 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th November 1862.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF PREPARING
OXIDE OP ZINC AS A PIGMENT," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to increase the "body" or covering quality
of oxide of zinc when, manufactured into paint. To this end it is subjected in
its dry state to the combined action of friction and pressure, by which means
its bulk is greatly reduced, and it is enabled to be ground with a reduced
quantity of oil. The machinery preferred to be employed for this purpose is
revolving chasers or edge runners, such as are commonly used for tempering
flax seed for the manufacture of linseed oil.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 26th May 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of -November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special license that I, the said Alfred
Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MODE OF PREPARING OXIDE OF ZINC AS A PIGMENT," being a com-
munication to me from abroad by George Lewis, of Philadephia, United States
of America, upon the condition. (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred
Vincent Newton, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
The object of this Invention, as communicated to me by my foreign
correspondent, is to give "body" or improve the covering quality of paint
manufactured from oxide of zinc.
The ordinary mode of manufacturing zinc white paint is to grind the
white oxide of.zinc in oil without any previous preparation beyond that of
levigation, and its want of what is termed by painters "body" has, 'not-
withstanding its innoccuous qualities and unchangeable character,. greatly
limited its use. The object of the present Invention is to enable the white
oxide of zinc to be manufactured into paint having a desirable degree of

page_text: "body," and to this end the Invention consists in subjecting it in its dry state
to the combined action of friction and pressure, by which means its bulk is
greatly reduced, and it is enabled to be ground with a reduced quantity of oil.
The machinery which has been successfully employed for the purpose of
effecting the compression or condensation of the oxide consists of revolving
chasers or edge runners, such as are commonly used for tempering flax seed
for the manufacture of linseed oil. With a pair of chasers of fifty-one inches
in diameter and fourteen inches wide, making fourteen revolutions per minute,
the Inventor has operated successfully upon two hundred pounds of the oxide
at once, continuing the operation for thirty minutes, in which time it was
reduced to nearly one-half its original bulk, a barrel which held only one
hundred and seventy-five pounds in the original uncondensed state being
capable of receiving about three hundred and forty-five pounds of the
condensed oxide. The oxide in its original uncondensed state requiring
for grinding two and a half gallons of oil for every one hundred pounds
will be found to require, when condensed, only some one and three-quarter
gallons for grinding. By subjecting the oxide to the operation of the chasers
for a longer time than that above mentioned a more highly condensed product
may be obtained, which will take a less quantity of oil and will increase the
opacity of the paint.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of an improved
mode of preparing oxide of zinc as a pigment, and explained the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the
above in part recited Letters Patent I claim, the preparation of white oxide of
zinc for the manufacture of paint by subjecting it to the combined actions of
friction and pressure, substantially as herein described, whereby its density is
increased, and paint with a good "body" is obtainable therefrom.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-third day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane...
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)