IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Williain Pedder, of Savage Gardens, in the City
of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES."
Sealed the 25th February 1868, and dated the 28th August 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Pedder at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
August 1867.
I, WILLIAM PEDDER, of Savage Gardens, in the City of Loudou, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES,"
to be as follows:
My Invention consists in manufacturing what I term's keleton brushes, that
is to say, brushes open at the back; the main object being to prevent the
accumulation of dirt or wet at the bottom of the bristles or bairs.
The manuer in which I prefer to carry my Invention into effect is as
follows:-
I take strips of pewter, india-rubber, or other suitable material, of con."
venient length, and lay across each separate strip-bristles or other material
of which the brush proper is to be formed; Fuext lay along the strip above
the bristles a wire or string; 1 then fold or double the strip lengthwise so that
it holds the bristles which are kept in place by the wire, and for further
[Price 8d.1

page_text: security I apply any suitable cement or composition along the top ofor within
the strips. Strips thus filled with bristles are arranged and connected to each
other into the form of a brush, spaces being left between the strips so as to
make the whole a skeleton or open backed brush, and to this I do not apply
one book
The Invention applies to hair and other brushes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Pedder in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th February 1868..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
PEDDER, of Savage Gardens, in the City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of August, in the year of our Lord
Onethousand eighthundred andsixty-seven, in thethirty-first yearof Herreigu,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said.
William Pedder, Her special licence that I, the said William Pedder, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Pedder, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, au Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Pedder, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and. seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manuer the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Pedder, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereto annexed
(that is to say) :-
My Invention consists in manufacturing what I term skeleton brushes,that
is to say, brushes open at the back, the main object being to prevent the

page_text: accumulation of dirt or wet at the bottom of the bristles or hairs. The
manner in which I prefer to carry my Invention into effect is as follows:-
I take strips of pewter, india-rubber, or other suitable material, of convenient
length, such as represented at a in Figure 1 of the annexed Drawings, and I
lay across each separate strip bristles or other material b of which the brush
proper is to be formed; I next lay along the strip above the bristles a wire
or string c, Figure 2; I then fold or double the strip lengthwise, as
represented in Figure 3, so that it holds the bristles which are kept in place
by the wire, and for further security I apply any suitable cement or com-
position along the top of or within the strips. Strips thus filled with bristles
are arranged and connected to each other into the form of a brush, spaces
being left between the strips so as to make the whole a skeleton or open-
backed brush, and to this I do not apply any back.
Figure 4 represents a complete brush formed of strips filled with bristles and
connected together so as to form a skeleton or open-backed brush; d, d, being
spaces or open parts left between the strips; e, e, is an outer frame connected
to the handle /, and g, g, are wires or pins passed through the strips for the
purpose of holding the strips together and of strengthening the brush.
Ido not limit myself to the particular mode described and shown of making
skeleton or open-backed brushes as other modes of manufacture may be
adopted.
Figure 5 represents the back view of a brush, the strips of which are
arranged in an ornamental form. The Invention applies to hair and other
brushes.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,―
First. The manufacture of brushes with open backs or of skeleton form,
substantially as herein-before described and represented in the accompanying
Drawings.
Second. The particular mode herein-before described and represented in the
accompanying Drawings of making skeleton or open-backed brushes.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Pedder, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of February, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-eight.
WILLIAM PEDDER.
(L.S.)