AN IMPROVE- MENT IN GRAIN-SCOURERS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, GEORGE A. DAWSON of Cardington in the county of Morrow, and State of
Ohio, manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for AN IMPROVE-
MENT IN GRAIN-SCOURERS, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to an improvement in grain-scourers, which are adapted
especially to remove the impurities from the ends of the wheat berry, and it
consists.
1st in the combination of the horizontal perforated cylinder, a shaft passing
through it, and two sets of perforated scouring devices which are arranged at right
angles to each other.
2d: in the combination of the perforated cylinder, the shaft which passes through
it, a set of curved perforated scouring devices, and a set of radial perforated scouring
devices which extend at right angles to the curved scouring devices.
3d in the arrangement and combination of parts, which will more fully described
hereinafter.
The object of my invention is to provide a machine which is specially adapted
for removing impurities from the end of the wheat berry; so that the flour produced
from the wheat will be free from all dirt and gritty substances.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section of a machine embodying my
invention.
Fig. 2. is a section through the scouring cylinder taken at right angles to figure 1.
A, represents the frame-work which may be of any suitable construction, and B, a
horizontal cylinder which is secured radially therein. This cylinder consists of
solid heads, and the perforated metallic body, the perforations through the body
being circular, and just large enough to allow the ends of the wheat berry to enter
them, without permitting the berries themselves to pass through. A suitable
opening B¹, is made at one end of the cylinder for the wheat to be fed into, and the
wheat after passing along the interior of the cylinder, is discharged through the
opening B¹, in the bottom, at the opposite end. Passing horizontally through this
cylinder, is the shaft to which are secured a set of radial scourers I, by means of
collars D, and set screws which clamp the collars to the shaft and the arms E. The
scourers are arranged radially and slightly inclined, or at an angle with relation to
the shaft, are perforated and assist in scouring the grain and moving it from the
delivery end of the cylinder towards the discharge end. As the scourers I, are
made to revolve, their friction against the wheat serves to scour, and then lift it

page_text: upward along the sides of the cylinder so that their ends will catch in the
perforations, to be acted upon by the scouring devices H, and by them rubbed, or
shorn off and forced through the perforations of the cylinder into the dust box
below. The scouring devices H, instead of being arranged radially in relation to
the shaft, are curved and placed at right angles to the scouring devices I, and sweep
around close to the inner surface of the cylinder B. From the inner side of each of
these devices H, projects an arm H¹, which enters the recess K, that is formed in
each of the projecting spiders L, which are secured to the shaft by means of the
set screws M. These arms H¹, are provided with the elongated openings, or slots N,
near their inner ends, and through these slots, and through openings formed in the
arms K, pass bolts O, which serve to secure the arms of the scouring devices H,
therein, while allowing them an endwise movement so as to cause the scouring
devices H, to approach or recede from the inner surface of the cylinder. In between
the inner ends of the arms H', and the hubs of the spiders L, in the openings K, are
placed springs K¹, which bear against the arms H¹, and serve to keep the scouring
devices H, normally pressed upward nearly in contact with the inner side of the
perforated cylinder. These scouring devices H, are not arranged upon their arms
concentrically to the cylinder, but are arranged slightly at an angle thereto, as
shown in figure 2, the ends H", of the scouring devices which project in the line of
rotation being farther from the side of the cylinder than the opposite ends H¹¹¹.
Openings R, are made in the arms of the spiders L, near their inner ends, to allow
any dust or dirt which may fall into the openings K, of said arms to pass through,
and thus prevent binding against the arms H₁, 'and prevent the latter from
adjusting themselves. As the berries are caught in between the scourers H, and
the cylinder, the ends will sink into the perforations of the cylinder B, and be
acted upon and shorn off by the scourers H, while in an endwise position. The
friction of the outer ends of the wheat berry between the inner roughened side of
the cylinder, and the scourers H, as they are carried around, serve to scour and
break away the outer ends of the wheat berries, and thus free them from all
impurities which may be attached to them. To the outer end of the shaft which
is attached to the cam wheel S, which is provided with an eccentric groove T,
a riddle V, is supported by arms W, which are pivoted to the riddle at their
upper ends, and have their lower ends pivoted to the top beams of the frame A.
A vibrating lever X, is pivoted to one end of the frame A, as at Y, and has its lower
bifurcated end in the slot T, of the cam wheel S. The upper end of this lever is
connected by the rod Z, which is pivoted to the riddle V, as shown in figure 1.
By this construction it will be readily understood that as the shaft revolves the
cam wheel will cause the lever X, to vibrate, and by means of the rods Z, the
vibration of this lever will be communicated to the riddle V.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination of the horizontal perforated cylinder, a shaft passing through
it,, and the two sets of scouring devices which are arranged at right angles to each
other, substantially as described.
2. The combination of the horizontal perforated cylinder B, the shaft which
passes through it, a set of curved perforated scouring devices, and a set of perforated
radial scouring devices which extend at right angles to the curved devices sub-
stantially as described.
3. The combination of the horizontal perforated cylinder, the shaft which passes
through it, a set of curved perforated scouring devices, and a set of perforated radial
scouring devices which extend at right angles to the devices H, and a means for
adjusting said sets of scouring devices with respect to each other, substantially as
set forth.
4. The combination of the horizontal perforated cylinder, a shaft passing through
it, the two sets of perforated scouring devices which are arranged at right angles to

page_text: each other, and a means for permitting the curved scouring devices to automatically
adjust themselves toward or from the inner side of the cylinder, substantially as
described.
5. The combination of the horizontal perforated cylinder, the shaft which passes
through it, the spiders L, which are secured to said shaft, and which are provided
with hollow arms K, the scouring devices H, which are provided with arms H¹, for
entering the arms of the spiders, said scouring devices being arranged obliquely
upon their arms, so as to have one of their ends farther from the cylinder than the
opposite end; a means for permitting an end wise adjustment to said scouring
devices in the arms of the spiders, substantially as described.
6. The combination of the horizontal perforated cylinder, the shaft which passes
through it, and which is provided with scouring devices for rotating in said
cylinder, cam wheel S, which is secured to one end of the shaft, the vibrating
lever X, which is pivoted to the frame, the rod Z, and the riddle V, which is
secured upon the upper side of the frame, above the cylinder, substantially as
described.