A CERTAIN NEW PULPY PRODUCT OR MATERIAL, TO BE USED IN MANUFACTURING PAPER AND PASTEBOARD, PREPARED FROM CERTAIN SUBSTANCES NOT HITHERTO USED FOR SUCH PURPOSES
Year: 1838

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, Ì, JAMES
VINCENT DESGRAND, of Size Lane, in the City of London, Merchant, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fifteenth day of May, in the first year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said James
Vincent Desgrand, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and autho-
rity, that I, the said James Vincent Desgrand, my exors, admors, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said James Vincent Desgrand, my exors, admors, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention of "A CERTAIN NEW PULPY PRODUCT OR
MATERIAL, TO BE USED IN MANUFACTURING PAPER AND PASTEBOARD, PREPARED FROM
CERTAIN SUBSTANCES NOT HITHERTO USED FOR SUCH PURPOSES," communicated to
me by a certain Foreigner residing abroad; in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso that I, the said James Vincent Desgrand, shall cause a
particular description of the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Vincent Desgrand, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The object of the Patent consists in making paper and pasteboard with
wood reduced into a state of paste. Therefore, my right of Patent extends
not only to the process of employing wood, but to the employment of the
material itself. Among the different sorts of wood I find that those which
answer the best are those coming under the classification of white wood, such
as poplars. I confine my Patent to pure wood, exclusive of every possible bark
When the trees are entirely deprived of their bark or epidermis they are
cut in logs of about four to six feet long. These logs are split in pieces of
about two to six inches each way. These pieces of wood, of about four to six
feet long, and about two to six inches thick, are carefully assorted in their
various shades or color, as you can make at less expence white paper out of
the whitest pieces as well as you can make colored paper without any addition
of coloring matter, if these shades were wanted, out of the shaded pieces; and
by the addition of coloring matter you can produce all sorts of shade requisite
with the white and with the colored pieces of wood. The above pieces of
wood, of four to six feet long, and two to six inches thick, are chopped in
small chips of about two to four inches long, and one to three inches in thick-
.ness, taking care to chop them so as to make as many openings or splinters in
the chip as possible. The more open they are the more freely they admit
the liquor, of which hereafter mention will be made, which liquor divide and
separate the different fibres forming the texture of the wood. In doing the
operation of chopping, it is necessary to reject all nots of the wood, all decayed
parts, and all parts the fibres of which are not strait. When you have a
sufficient quantity of chips of one shade they are deposited in a pit, water-
tight, in which there is an outlet for water, these pits being of a sufficient
capacity to contain about half a ton of chips. Then you pour over them, so
that they should be entirely covered, what in France is known under the name
of "lait de chaux," which is,. in fact, water saturated with lime as much as it
will admit. The chips remain in that bath more or less, according to the
temperature, in the South of France, from three to six weeks where neces-
sary, to complete the action of the lime water, which action has for its object
to dissolve the glutinous parts of the wood, which keep the different fibres of

page_text: the wood united together. You may be sure of the efficacy of the bath when
all the chips have sunk to the bottom of the pit, and not any left floating.
When the chips are sufficiently dissolved the saturated water is let out, and
replaced by a sufficient quantity of natural water, so as to wash away all the
lime water, or as much as possible. In that state you may easily separate by
the hand the fibres of the chips, but for employment they are submitted to the
action of the stampers or fulling mallett to pound them. This pounding has
for its object to open, divide, and flatten the fibres of the chips, and facilitate
their further process they have to undergo in the usual paper engine or cylin-
ders, to reduce them in pulp. When the pulp is sufficiently reduced by the
paper engine it is in a fit state to make paper or pasteboard, either by itself,
or mixed with the usual material general employed for manufacturing paper
or pasteboard; and you may employ it or by a paper machine or by frames.
In using the paper engine, as now in operation for preparing rags or other
usual materials, care must be taken to employ the same sort of tackle, but use
it very blunt or dull. If for white paper, the fibres, after they have been
pounded and flattened and divided, are submitted to the action of the several
chemical products which have the property of bleaching vegetable produce.
In witness whereof, I, the 'said James Vincent Desgrand, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of November, One thousand