Improvements in and relating to Pulverizing Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Nov. 1889-Accepted, 21st Dec., 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by The Honourable ERASTUS WIMAN, of the City and
State of New York, United States of America.]
Improvements in and relating to Pulverizing Machines.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co. Patent Agents
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to pulverizing machinery in which the reduction takes place
within a pulverizing chamber, and the effective agents for imparting motion to the
material undergoing reduction and for the pulverization thereof are beater arms, set
radially upon a rotating shaft, assisted by projections or attrition surfaces disposed
about the peripheral wall of the pulverizing chamber. The improvements further
relate to a pulverizing machine so constructed that the feeding, discharging and
sifting of the material is automatic, and the material is caused to enter and leave
the pulverizing chamber on the periphery thereof and to travel substantially round
the chamber in zigzag lines.
In the accompanying drawings;
Figure 1 is a rear elevation showing the form of pulverizer which I prefer and
particularly the feed and discharge openings thereof.
Figure 2 is a side elevation, a part of the conveyor trough being in section, of a
pulverizer having a bolting chamber through which the material is fed and in which
the ground product is separated.
Figure 3 is a plan view partly in section, of the pulverizer the upper portion of the
casing being removed to show the interior construction.
Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view in elevation of the pulverizer and bolting
chamber, a part of the latter being broken away.
Figure 5 is a face representation of an annular lining plate for the end of the
pulverizing chamber.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of a section of lining plate for the peripheral wall
of the chamber and
Figure 7 is a side elevation of a pulverizing machine intended to be used in con-
nection with a suction fan to remove the pulverized material.
In the drawings 8 represents a semi-cylindrical casing forming the lower portion
of the pulverizing chamber, upon extensions of which are formed journal bearings
for a rotatable shaft, 9, carried centrally across the pulverizing chamber and having
suitable belt pulleys. The upper portion of the casing will preferably be formed in
four parts comprising a top portion, 10, two end portions, 11, and a rear wall 12. The
various portions of the casing will be secured together preferably by headed bolts and
nuts as shown in the drawings. The casing 10 is projected in a straight line from a
point on the periphery between the vertical and the longitudinal axes of the
machine and the end walls are projected correspondingly to provide feed and
discharge passages 13, 14 respectively. These two passages are separated by a
divisional wall or partition which may be triangular in form as shown in Figure 4
one of its sides, 15, extending parallel to the casing 10, another, 16 forms a deflecting
surface for the incoming feed, and a curved portion, 17, forms a part of the
periphery of the pulverizing chamber. The peripherical wall of the pulverizing
chamber will be lined with sectional plates, 18, which will preferably be made of
equal length with the chamber and of any convenient width, three of equal width
being shown in the drawings covering the casing 8, while the upper portion of the
chamber having its continuity broken by the passages 13, 14, the lining plates will
be made to correspond in their width and curvature. Each of these lining plates

page_text: will be provided with a number of projections, 19, which are so disposed as to cause
the material undergoing reduction to pass around the chamber in a zigzag course.
We prefer to construct the plates 18 and the projections 19 of chilled iron. The
projections may be cast integral with the plates and of any form desired but we prefer
to make them substantially pyramidal in cross section, one side being slightly concave
and one corner, as 20, being sharp. These projections are disposed in rows circum-
ferentially of the chamber and at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the chamber,
or in zigzag lines, as clearly shown in figure 4, the sharp edges or corners projecting
opposite to the direction of motion of the material so that the material will not find
lodgment thereon but will be deflected with slight friction. The annular lining
ring, 21, shown in Figure 5 has a corrugated surface and its substance is of a width
equal to the height of the projections 19, this ring is preferably cast in a number of
sections for convenience in placing them and all of these lining plates will be provided
with holes to adapt them to be rivetted or bolted to the casing. The shaft 9 has
hubs formed, each in two parts, 22, 23 between which are placed two steel or iron
disks, 24, of the required diameter. A washer, 25, placed between these disks and
bolted thereto, provides a space between them to receive the beater shanks. The
beaters, 26, have straight shanks of the same thickness as the washer 25, which are
adapted to be clamped between the outer edges of the disks 24 by bolts or rivets.
The beaters are turned at an angle to the direction of motion so as to sweep the
material towards the ends of the chamber, and the several beaters having a common
support, i.e., carried by the same hub, are alternately disposed as shown in figure 3.
These beaters are arranged to operate close to the periphery of the chamber and
between the rows of projections and from their arrangement with reference to the
direction of their notion as well as with reference to the said projections, it is
apparant that the material will have imparted to it, a sinuous or zigzag motion and
that it will thus be subjected to a succession of blows from the beaters and rapidly
reduced, whereas if the beaters simply swept the material around the chamber in
straight lines, the reduction if effected at all, would be much slower.
I prefer to connect the pulverizer to a bolting chamber 27, which will have an
opening registering with the feed and discharge openings of the pulverizer. This
chamber may have its sides and one end inclined or hopper shaped toward the
bottom and it is provided with the usual conveyor, 28. The feed hopper, 29, as
shown is secured upon the side of the separator opposite the pulverizer and the
material will be fed to the pulverizing chamber by a feed trough 30 having a
perforated bottom 30 a (shown in the detail view on the same sheet with Figure 4)
which serves as a screen to separate the fine from the course material. The recipro-
cation of this trough is effected by means of a pitman, 31, having a crank connection
with a driving wheel, 32 driven by suitable gearing.
Constructed as above described, the operation is as follows. The material is fed into
the hopper and dropping down on the trough, is fed forward by the reciprocation of
the latter until it discharges into the pulverizing chamber through the feed passage 14,
entering the chamber so as to be caught at once by the rotating beaters. These
beaters are rapidly revolved within the chamber and generate therein, strong currents
of air which takes up the material and cause it to move rapidly about the chamber.
The material, being heavier than the air, will be thrown to the periphery of the
chamber and as before explained will have its direction of motion constantly changed
by the projections 19 acting in conjunction with the beaters. A constant stream of
material, pulverized and unpulverized, will be thrown out of the chamber by the
action of the beaters and in obedience to the law of centrifugal force, into the bolting
chamber and will there drop down upon the screen conveyor. The fine material will
pass through the mesh of the screen and reach the conveyor, while the coarser
particles will be carried down with the ingoing feed and discharged again into the
pulverizing chamber.
It may be found expedient to use the pulverizer herein described in connection
with a suction fan to take the material out of the pulverizer. In such case, I prefer
to employ a separating chamber, such as, 33, Figure 7, having a discharge, 34, to

page_text: which the suction fan will be connected. In this instance, the feed hopper 29 will
have a partition, such as shewn by dotted lines 40, Figure 7, and a partition, 41, is
also preferably placed within the separating chamber. The material will pass outside
the partition 40, and the air inside and a strong current of air will be drawn upwardly
from the end of partition 41, as indicated by the bent arrow and this current joining
that issuing with the material from the pulverizer will draw off the finer particles
while the heavier will fall by gravity as before and again reach the pulveriser.
It will be seen that from the feeding of the material into the machine until its
discharge therefrom in a pulverized condition, the entire action of the apparatus is
automatic. I find this machine superior to any other known to me for the reduction
of some materials, such as saw-dust and the like. While I prefer to use the sectional
lining plates, it is evident that they may be dispensed with and that the projections
may be upon the inner face of the casing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
me by my foreign Correspondent I declare that what I claim is
First. A pulverizer having a cylindrical pulverizing chamber provided with a
feed opening on its periphery, a discharge opening in the periphery close to and
above the feed opening and a rotatable shaft provided with beater arms secured to
rotate within said chamber, whereby the material undergoing reduction is caused to
travel substantially around the chamber.
Second. In a pulverizer, the combination with a cylindrical separating chamber
having projections on its peripheral wall, of a rotatable shaft provided with beaters
secured to rotate within said chamber of such length as to operate close to the
peripheral wall of the chamber and between the projections thereof, substantially as
described.
Third. In a pulverizer, the combination with a cylindrical separating chamber
having projections on its peripheral wall, so disposed as to deflect the material
undergoing reduction, of a rotatable shaft within said chamber, provided with beaters
adapted to operate close to the peripheral wall of the chamber and between the
projections thereof. substantially as described.
Fourth. In a pulverizer, the combination with a pulverizing chamber, of a sectional
lining therefor provided with projections having forwardly projecting thin edges and
arranged in rows circumferentially of the chamber and an operating space between
said rows, substantially as described.
Fifth. In a pulverizer, the combination with a cylindrical separating chamber
having projections in its peripheral wall so disposed as to deflect the material under-
going reduction, of a rotatable shaft within said chamber provided with beaters set
at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the machine and adapted to operate close to
the peripheral wall of the chamber and between the projections thereof, substantially
as described.
Sixth. In a pulverizer, the combination with a cylindrical separating chamber, a
rotatable shaft extended through said chamber and carrying beaters, and projections
or corrugations upon the peripheral wall of the chamber, of an annular corrugated
lining for the ends of said chamber, substantially as described.
Seventh. The combination with a pulverizer, of a bolting chamber into which the
material is discharged from the pulverizer and a reciprocating conveyor within said
bolting chamber, having a perforated bottom and discharging into the pulverizing
chamber, whereby the material to be operated upon is fed to the machine and the
material discharged from the pulverizer is sifted, substantially as described.
Dated this 19th day of November 1889
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.