IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis Michel François Doyere, of Paris, in the
Empire of France, and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Professor
of Natural History, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis Michel François
Doyere at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 25th May 1854.
I, LOUIS MICHEL FRANÇOIS DOYERE, of Paris, in the Empire of France, and
of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Professor of Natural History, do hereby
declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING GRAIN"
to be as follows :-
The Invention consists in the construction of an apparatus for the separation
of insects and heterogenous matters from grain.
The machine is composed of two concentric cylinders a, b, on the annexed
Drawing, the external one a being fixed, and the internal one 6 moveable on
its axis, which passes through their centre. The two extremities of the cylin
der a are well closed, so as to intercept completely the ingress of air. Between
the two cylinders an annular space is formed, in which the grain is introduced
by means of a hopper E, Figure 2, placed above.
The moveable cylinder is provided with sticking blades c, c, c, Figure 2, set
in a parallel or oblique direction to its axis, and the face of the fixed cylinder
is provided with straps D, D, same Figure. F shews the point where the
grain is projected when the cylinder 6 is set in motion.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Louis Michel François Doyere in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd September 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LOUIS
MICHEL FRANÇOIS DOYERE, of Paris, in the Empire of France, and of 4, South
Street, Finsbury, London, Professor of Natural History, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Louis Michel François Doyere, Her special license that I, the said Louis
Michel François Doyerc, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Louis Michel François Doyere, my executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING GRAIN," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Louis Michel François Doyere, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the. said Louis Michel François Doyere, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto
annexed and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :--
My Invention consists in certain mechanical arrangements of machinery
by which the destruction of insects in grain and its purification are effected.
The annexed, Drawing represents the apparatus with modifications thereof
that may be made in its construction. Figure 1 is a side elevation; Figure 2,
end elevation; Figure 3, longitudinal section of the machine, shewing the
application of a double sieve; Figures 4, 5, and 6, sections of the same with
modifications. The machine is set up on a wooden or cast-iron frame, and is
provided with the necessary organs for working either by manual or steam
power. A, B, Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, are concentric metal or wooden drums,

page_text: of which the outer one A is fixed, and the internal one B moveable on its axis,
which passes through the centre of the frame of the apparatus. The ends of
the drum A are exactly closed, so as to prevent the ingress of air into tho
annular space left between it and the drum B.
The moveable drum is provided externally with iron or wooden striking
blades C, C, C, Figures 3, 4, and 5, which are fixed either parallel or obliquely
to its axis, and the fixed drum a furnished internally with ridges D, D, D.
The grain to be purified is introduced from the hopper T above the cylin-
der A through an opening provided with a register into the annular space.
The blades C project the grain in a tangential direction to the circle described
in their revolution, and the ridges D receive and throw it back on to the
blades C, thus keeping up a constant succession of shocks, which have tho
effect of killing the insects contained in the grain. The drums, the blades, and
ridges may be made of metal or wood. The hopper T is provided with two
wire gratings E, E, set at a sufficient distance apart to stop the passage of
certain impurities. The grain, after having travelled through a little more than
half the annular space between the drums A and B, is projected through an
aperturo F, F, at the lower and back part of the drum into a suitably disposed
receptacle. By this contrivance the grain and heterogeneous matters are
separated, by falling at various distances according to their specific gravity;
thus the best quality of grain is thrown the farthest, and small grain and grain
injured by insects falls out with the chaff and other similar light bodies before
the mouth of the apparatus.
G, II, Figure 3, are two sieves, inclined in opposite directions, serving to
remove the remainder of the insects or other impurities not separated by the
revolution of the drum. The sieve II also serves to give a double shock to
the heavy grain, and to correct a wrong direction of the motion. The
sieves G, II, may either be fixed or receive a vertical or oscillating motion;
they are enclosed in a case, which may be fixed to or independent of the
apparatus I, I, I, parallel ridges adapted to the drum A before the outer orifice
serving to regulate the projection of the grain. The speed to be given to the
revolving drum is about two thou-and four hundred feet per minute.
Figures 4 and 5 shew two contrivances for ventilation, which at option can
be applied to the said apparatus, but other suitable arrangements might be
substituted. The fixed drum A, Figure 4, should be made of sheet iron and
provided with openings k, k, k, behind the ridges D, for the passage of dust,
chaft, or other light bodies driven off by the shocks. The revolving drum B
may also be perforated with holes or slits for the egress of air. The air is
supplied from the exterior of the machine by apertures L, L, L, in the ends of

page_text: the drum B, which are, opened and shut by registers. This apparatus may be
set in a case or dust chamber M, M, in which the heavier bodies will be
thrown down, and the lighter ones will be carried away by the draught of air
through the aperture N, and thence out of the chamber in which the apparatus
is set by means of a pipe adapted to the said aperture N. The ridges I, I,
may be made of perforated sheet iron for allowing egress of the dust.
Figure 5 shews an arrangement for ventilating, which consists in obtaining
a draught of air in a contrary direction to that of the projection of the grain
(shown by the arrow), by means of a centrifugal ventilator set under the puri-
fying apparatus. To obtain this effect, in the sides of the back part 0, 0, are
made two wide apertures, one of them being seen at P, which communicate
by means of a box shewn by dotted lines with the draught aperture Q.
A valve R, set inside the egress aperture of the ventilator, serves to regulate
the egress of air. The grain may be collected in a bag or basket after it has
been subjected to the purifying process, or the throw may be partially or
wholly preserved.
Figure 6 shows the arrangement of Figures 1, 2, and 3, without the
framing and ventilating apparatus.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details herein laid down, so long as the peculiar
character of my Invention be retained; but what I claim is, the peculiar
construction and arrangement of a machine for destroying insects in grain and
purifying the same from heterogeneous matters, as herein-before described and
referred to in Figures 1, 2, 3, and the modifications thereof in Figures 4, 5,
and 6 of the Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis Michel François Doyere, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of August, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
L. DE FONTAINE MOREAU.
F. DOYERE. (L.S.)