Improvements in the Production of Motive Power.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 30th July, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 1st May, 1893-Accepted, 19th Aug., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Production of Motive Power.
1, CHARLES TELLIER, of 20 Rue Felicien David, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to the production of motive power and consists
principally in
1. The utilisation, in a single or compound cylinder of steam produced by a
cylinder holding in solution a body notably increasing its boiling temperature or
by a liquid boiling at a greatly higher temperature than the boiling point of
water.
one to three
2. The condensation of the steam thus produced, after being utilised, so as to
produce a fresh quantity of steam having a pressure of from
atmospheres such condensation and fresh vaporisation being effected in a condenser
generator.
The condensation is effected either by the afflux of two currents one of exhaust
steam and the other a current of the solution employed coming from the generator
and arriving at the condenser in order to absorb the exhaust steam above men-
tioned first having traversed an exchanger in which it gives up a portion of its
heat; or in cases where I employ a liquid which boils at a higher temperature
than water by the condensation of the steam produced by this liquid after such
steam has been utilised.
3. The condensation of the second steam thus produced and the production of a
third kind of steam by means of a condenser-generator and so on by means of a
body boiling at a low temperature such as ethylamine, chloride of ethyl, oxide or
chloride of methyl &c. &c. The condensation of the steam thus produced is
effected after it has been utilised in a cylinder by a current or jet of water.
4. The expansion of the first and second generated steam is prolonged as much
as possible and below atmospheric pressure.
Each kind of steam produced is energetically superheated.
In carrying out the invention I employ an arrangement comprising a vessel
containing the liquid superheater, accompanied by a generator containing the
solution employed so that only a single furnace is required for medium power.
For large engines the two apparatuses can be separated.
Steam thus produced at a high pressure is superheated and then employed in a
first cylinder.
The steam having worked in this cylinder is condensed in a condenser and by
this condensation produces a fresh quantity of water steam at low pressure. This
steam united with that produced by the passage of the smoke through a generator
at low pressure is superheated, then utilised in a second cylinder.
When it has worked in this second cylinder it is caused to arrive in a condenser-
generator containing chloride of ethyl or other volatile body. The condensation
of this second steam leads to the production of the vapour of the volatile body
under pressure of several atinospheres. This vapour is superheated and utilised in
a third cylinder. It is afterwards condensed in a surface condenser and by means
of a pump conveyed to the condenser-generator where its vaporisation again takes
place.
From the preceding it will be seen that my system consists in producing by
means of coal à first cycle of steam at high pressure superheated to from 2 to 300° C.

page_text: In then making, without coal, a second cycle of water steam at low pressure but
also superheated to from 2 to 300° C., and finally, also without coal, making a third
cycle of very volatile vapour also superheated to from 2 to 300° C.
Dated the 30th day of July 1892.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Production of Motive Power.
I, CHARLES TELLIER, of 20, Rue Felicien David. Paris, in the Republic of
France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the production of motive power and consists
principally in,
1. The utilisation, in a single or compound cylinder of steam produced by a liquid
holding in solution a body notably increasing its boiling temperature by a liquid
boiling at a greatly higher temperature than the boiling point of water.
2. The condensation of the steam thus produced, after being utilised, so as to
produce a fresh quantity of steam having a pressure of from one to three
atmospheres such condensation and fresh vaporisation being effected in a condenser
generator.
The condensation is effected either by the afflux of two currents one of exhaust
steam and the other a current of the solution employed coming from the generator
and arriving at the condenser in order to absorb the exhaust steam above mentioned
first having traversed an exchanger in which it gives up a portion of its heat, or in
cases where I employ a liquid which boils at a higher temperature than water by
the condensation of the steam produced by this liquid after such steam has been
utilised.
3. The condensation of the second steam thus produced and the production of a
third kind of steam by means of a condenser-generator and so on by means of a
body boiling at a low temperature such as ethylamine, chloride of ethy), oxide or
chloride of methyl etc., etc. The condensation of the steam thus produced is
effected after it has been utilised in a cylinder by a current or jet of water.
4. The expansion of the first and second generated steam is prolonged as much
as possible and below atmospheric pressure.
5. Each kind of steam produced is energetically superheated.
In carrying out the invention I employ an arrangement comprising a vessel
containing the liquid superheater, accompanied by a generator containing the
solution employed so that only a single furnace is required for medium power.
For large engines the two apparatuses can be separated.
Steam thus produced at a high pressure is superheated and then employed in a
first cylinder.
The steam having worked in this cylinder is condensed in a condenser and by
this condensation produces a fresh quantity of water steam at low pressure.
This
steam united with that produced by the passage of the smoke through a generator
at low pressure is superheated, then utilized in a second cylinder.
When it has worked in this second cylinder it is caused to arrive in a condenser-
generator containing chloride of ethyl or other volatile body. The condensation
of this second steam leads to the production of the vapour of the volatile body
under pressure of several atmospheres. This vapour is superheated and utilised in
a third cylinder. It is afterwards condensed in a surface condenser and by means
of a pump conveyed to the condenser-generator where its vaporisation again takes
place.

page_text: 5. Two superheaters one of which is seen at L.
6. The constituent parts of the fuel feeding mechanism arranged in the outer
part of Figure 3.
The furnace G can be replaced by an ordinary grate.
It consists of a moveable metal trough N N N N which supports the whole
arrangement.
The grate R R R is formed of a series of tubes seen in section in Figure 4.
These tubes are brazed at one end upon a collector S and at the other end upon
the vertical sheet iron tank TT T.
A tube U conducts the water back from the tank TTT into the collector S
and consequently into the grate RRR so that the tubes composing the same are
constantly full of water.
An ordinary float the ring of which is seen at V V always keeps the level of
the water in the tank at the height V V. A gauge allows of frequently verifying
the proper condition of the apparatus.
The steam formed in TTT leaves through a tube T Figure 3 and enters the
generator uuuu Figure 5 at any suitable point.
The coal placed in a hopper W passes through XX onto an endless apron Y
which delivers it into the second hopper Z. The latter allows it to fall into the
distributor provided with vanes e tipped with india rubber and which rotate in the
barrel b. Finally the coal passing through a and d d is delivered by the moveable
inclined plane e onto the tubular grate RRR.
To cause the coal to travel I arrange beneath the tubular grate a suitable
number of smooth or toothed metal strips hh.
These strips separated by tie bars rest by means of grooved rollers ii upon the
wheels jj.
The wheels jj are provided with projections. Each time these wheels turn the
projections raise the strips which engage in the interstices between the tubes, thus
raising the mass of burning coal.
But at this moment through the medium of the eccentric K moving in a frame ll
which is connected by a toggle mm to the support n of the strips hh, the latter
are projected backwards. By reason of this double movement the fuel is first
raised and then brought forward and gradually comes and falls into the free
space and consequently into the water of the trough N N N N.

page_text: and 2.
These pulleys can be replaced by cones or the like.
A butterfly valve placed at t, Figures 1 and 2 in the exhaust pipe for the burnt
gases and operated, if desired by the motor allows of regulating by hand or
automatically the quantity of air passing through the furnace.
In the tubular generator J, Figure 3- is placed a solution of potash or the
like.
The burnt gases egressing from the furnace G pass into the tubes of the
generator J and therein cause the disengagement of heat useful for heating this
generator.
Steam is produced but as it is disengaged from a body which is of a frothy
nature I do not allow it to escape directly, but cause it to pass through very
small apertures made in the side of the boiler J at yyy. These apertures may
consist of closed tubes, saw cuts, or very fine holes which allow the steam to
escape into the dome I.
This dome contains a certain quantity of funnels of very
fine wire gauze, or of perforated sheet metal lined with wire gauze and which are
shewn at 2 2 2 2.
As shewn at the lower part of the dome, the wire gauze may only be applied to
a portion of the cone. In any case a tube placed beneath each cone brings back
the liquid thrown into a box A' which pours it over the bottom formed by the
sloping part of the generator J. At the lowermost part of this sloping portion is
a pipe B which brings back all the liquid into the apparatus.
The steam thus purified could be conducted direct into the motor-cylinder but I
prefer to pass it through the superheater L.
I work the superheater with steam because the latter in condensing seeks the
least active surfaces to carry heat thereto.
Suppose it is wished to superheat to 250° I employ a body boiling at 300° which
I place in the boiler H Figure 3.
It produces steam which escapes through the tube D' D' and fills the
superheater L. The condensed steam is returned into H by the pipe E'.
The superheated steam passes through the outlet Fand thence into the motor
which may be of any suitable kind whether one, two, three or even four cylinders
be employed to give the required motion.
a hollow
The condenser employ is the absorbing condenser shewn in Figure 6, consisting
chiefly of a cylindrical chamber H which contains a certain number of hollow
discs forming a hermetically closed apparatus mounted on
shaft KK which extends at one end into a chamber L' and receives at the other
end by means of a stuffing box at the end of the tube which comes from the
boiler uuuu Figure 5.
A cock M allows of regulating the current which comes through the tube 6.
Stuffing boxes N N N serve to tightly close the apparatus. A movement of
rotation is given to the discs 111 by means of the pulley O' or gearing.
The chamber His half filled with absorbent liquid coming from the boiler J
Figure 3 through the tube G which is shown at the top of the exchanger T¹.
This current traverses the exchanger T from top to bottom and leaves
through the tube and finally by means of the said tube reaches the
chamber H.
In this chamber the discs, covered or not with fabric and provided if required
with decanting buckets, in revolving present half of their surface constantly
covered with a light and fresh layer of absorbent liquid.
The exhaust steam from the motor-cylinder is introduced into the apparatus
through the tube Pl. The steam is then absorbed as fast as it arrives by the
liquid which covers the surface of the discs in a thin layer.
The solution thus reconstituted passes out through the tube Q' which conducts
it to the pump R' which by means of the pipe S' S' conducts it to the generator J,
Figure 3 by causing it to pass through the exchanger T Figures 6 and 1.

page_text: The affinities of combination are facilitated by arranging in H' plates U¹U'U₁
which force the liquid to travel in a methodically serpentine manner in the
apparatus before reaching the tube Q'.
To expel the heat of combination and condensation I cause a current of water
to enter through the tube which leads from the boiler uuuu, Figure 5, the
said current passing through the cock M¹ Figure 6 is delivered into the lower part
of the discs.
The pump restores to the generator un any excess of water which may
supervene.
A float may be used instead of the pump X
The water thus brought into the discs becomes vaporised. The steam formed
passes out through the pipe K K to the tank L' whence through the tube y'
it passes out to the generator uuuu Figure 5, which it reaches through the said
tube y¹.
Instead of the condenser H' that I have just described I can employ tubular or
plate condensers, particularly those described in the Specifications of various former
Patents granted to me for different purposes.
When the solution re-formed in the condenser H' and passing out through the
tube QFigure 6 leaves the generator J it has a temperature of about 200°. Now
it is necessary that it should be about 100° in order to regain its power of
absorption. 100 degrees have therefore to be extracted from this solution and it is
important that this quantity of heat should not be wasted.
To this end I interpose the exchanger T" between the generator J and the
absorber H. This apparatus allows of taking from the current issuing from
the boiler the excess of heat that it possesses and imparting such excess to
the current which is issuing from the condenser H' and is being returned to the
generator J.
For this purpose the hot current which leaves the generator J passes through
the tube Ginto the cap a' at the top of the exchanger T' Figure 6. It enters
the cluster of tubes contained in this exchanger and seen through the broken away
part
It thus reaches the base e' whence it leaves through the tube cell and
passes to the condenser H¹. It leaves then by the tube which conducts it to
the pump R. The latter forces the reconstituted liquid into the generator J,
Figure 3, but causes it previously to pass through the tube S'S', Figure 6, which
conducts it to the base of the jacket of the exchanger T'. Being introduced into
this exchanger it washes round all the tubes rising gradually and consequently
taking the heat from the solution in the tubes. It therefore leaves in a re-heated
condition through the tube d' Figure 6 and finally reaches the generator J,
Figure 3, through the tube d' shown in Figure 3.
The hot gases which leave the tubes of the generator J, Figure 3, and
which are shown opening into the smoke box ee of the said generator J, still
possess a high degree of heat. To utilize this heat I cause the gases to egress
through the fine which conducts them to the second generator u, u, n, u, Figures 1
and 5. There they enter the smoke box ell, el passing to the tubes g', g', g' of the
said generator and there give up a portion of their heat.
Here two calorific actions can be caused ciz. :-
1. The formation of steam at a pressure of 3 to 4 kilometres that will be utilized
in a first cylinder up to 100 degrees.
2. The formation of steam at 100 degrees simply. Having produced steam at
100 degrees there will be in the generator u,,,u three quantities of steam at
10 degrees which I shall call secondary steam.
The first formed by the tubular grate R, R, R, Figure 3, and which passes
from the recipient T, T, T by the tube T leading to the boiler u, u, u, u, Figure 5
as shown.
The second furnished by the heat given up by the gases in their passage through
the tubes ggg'.
The third formed in the condenser H' and conducted through the chamber L'
and tube y', y

page_text: To extract the air from the condensers ordinary condenser pumps may be
employed or a small pneumatic machine.
Instead of the horizontal boiler aunu, I may employ a vertical vaporizing
reheater having the same surfaces.
Instead of losing in an ordinary running-water condenser the steam escaping
from the motor-cylinder of secondary-steam, whether single or compound, I cause
it to enter the condenser A" Figure 7.
This condenser does not work with water. In place thereof I employ a very
volatile substance having only a small amount of latent caloric, such as ethylamine,
methylamine, oxyde or chloride of methyl, chloride of ethyl, or the like.
I can utilize these substances with the exhaust of an ordinary single acting or
compound engine, but I prefer to employ the vapour produced at first by a suitable
solution such as is hereinbefore referred to because then I utilize the latent caloric
three times, viz. first with the water-steam produced by the substance boiling at
a high temperature, secondly, by the water steam formed by the condensation
of the first steam-thirdly, by the utilization of the vapour of the volatile substance
employed.
The condenser A contains Field tubes B B B (shown in dotted lines)
proportionate in number to the power of the apparatus.
These Field tubes can be replaced by a cluster of ordinary tubes, or by hollow
metal plates such as I have referred to in the Specifications of former Patents.
These tubes extend into a vessel C which contains the volatile substance
employed to a sufficient height. The Field tubes B B B are also full of this
substance. The tubes can be joined to the plate D D in the usual manner.
They can extend above it as shown in Figure 7 so that the oil carried along may
rest on the plate D D and be removed as required through a cock E.
Small nozzles F F F can also be arranged at the lower part of the
tubes B B B which nozzles through a cock Gallow of the oil accumulated in
the tubes being withdrawn after a period of inaction.
As already explained I cause the exhaust steam from the last motor cylinder
used by the water steam to enter the generator-condenser A". This exhaust
steam enters the said condenser A through the tube H and becomes condensed
around the tubes B B B". It there gives up its latent caloric which passing
over the walls of the tubes B B B" re-forms in them or in C" vapour of the
vaporizable substance employed, such for example as the vapour of chloride of ethyl.
The condensed steam in A" runs through the tube ". It is reintegrated in
the generator which has produced it by means of a suitable pump, a Giffard
injector or even an air pump if it is considered useful to employ one.
With regard to the special vapour produced it escapes through the tube J to
be superheated in the superheater K".
As shown by the cut away part of the side L" the superheater is filled with
tubes of small diameter. Instead of these tubes however I can employ calorific
plates. The superheater can be operated by ordinary steam, but I prefer to work
with the hydrocarburet vapour boiling at 300° and over, produced in the
generator H Figure 3 or the like.
In the first case, namely when employing water steam, it is useful to place the
superheater on the pipe which brings steam to a motor-cylinder in order that air
may never remain in the superheater. To this end, the steam enters through the
tube M" and egresses through the tube N to pass to the motor-cylinder which it
is to actuate.
A tube conveys back the water of condensation into the boiler.. The
superheater therefore acts as a drainer.
When hydrocarburet vapour is employed, it always enters through the tube M"
but instead of the tube N" 1 employ an air-ejecting cock, whilst the condensed
steam is conducted back into the hydrocarburet generator, through the tube O".
The special vapour produced being superheated leaves the superheater K
through the tube P" P", and actuates the motor-cylinder Q which may be of any

page_text: suitable kind. This vapour after having worked in the motor-cylinder escapes
through the tube R" RR" which conducts it to the water condenser S".
This condenser may be of any suitable known construction, but I prefer to use the
vertical form so as to place therein several diaphragms inserted in the joints T" Tu
U" U V V and formed of metal discs having holes of a diameter half a
millimeter larger than that required by the tubes.
In these conditions the water arrives through the tube X" rises in the condenser
around the tubes and leaves through the tube Y", which, to prevent the resistance
of the column of water, is provided with a tube Z extending down into a tank a¹¹.
A syphon is thus provided which prevents the resistance referred to.
The vapour employed condenses in the tubes of the condenser and passes in a
liquid condition through the tube to the pump c which forces it through the
tube into the part C" of the vapourizer condenser A". The pump c
is immersed in a tank of cold water, in order to prevent the creation of vapours in
its interior. To ensure the expulsion of these vapours if any should form, the
part of the pump C is placed below the valves which are enclosed in the
boxes ff.
111
To prevent leakage through the piston rods, and slide or other valves I employ
an arrangement illustrated in Figure 8.
111 is a cylinder-cover provided with a stuffing-box 1, containing two
packings separated by a perforated ring It carries, besides, two
tubes and which place the stuffing-box in communication with the space o
which contains oil or other suitable lubricant, which is supplied to the stuffing-box
by the tube ppl whilst the vapours which may have passed through the
packing escape through the tube which conducts them to the upper
part of the vessel oli
They escape therefrom through the tube and pass into the condenser S"
Figure 7, through. It is therefore the reduced pressure of this condenser
which is exerted in all this part of the apparatus.
The balance of pressure between the vessel o and the stuffing box
obtained and the oil consequently reaches the lubricating opening
The lubrication is thus constant.
is thus
with facility.
The vessel o may receive the oil directly from the condenser or from the
generator condenser, it is only necessary, provided the arrangement of the
apparatuses will allow, to connect the tube with the cock u of the condenser S"
or the cock Gor E of the vaporizer condenser A".
To allow the vapours which may have been drawn along by the oil already
utilized and returning to the vessel I arrange a coil of pipe therein receiving
water steam and thereby keeping the lubricating oil warm and allowing the exit of
the chloride vapours through the tube.
It will be understood that all the parts are insulated by any suitable means as all
the apparatuses are provided with safety valves, gauges etc., etc., in fact with all
necessary devices for ensuring safety or for verification.
The motor-cylinders are steam jacketted and can be heated either with steam or
with the vapour at a high temperature egressing from the boiler H Figure 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A motor in which is utilized
(a) The steam produced from a suitable solution.
(b) The steam produced through the condensation of this first steam and the
waste heat recovered from the gases of combustion.
(c) The vapour of a very volatile substance produced by the condensation of
the second steam.
The steam or vapour in each case being employed in a single, double or triple
cylinder

page_text: 2. Superheating the steam or vapour thus utilized by means of a condensable
liquid.
3. The utilization of the caloric of radiation by means of the automatic method
of combustion herein before described.
4. The parts of the apparatus whereby the said results are obtained.
5. The improved apparatus for obtaining motive power hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 1st day of May 1893.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.