MENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th November.1883. Communicated
to him from abroad by Friedrich Hubert Werner, of Lindenthal, and Louis
Ochse, of Ehrenfeld, both in the German Empire
,
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer,
IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS," a communication to me from abroad by Friedrich
Hubert Werner, of Lindenthal, and Louis Ochse, of Ehrenfeld, both in the German
Empire,
This invention relates to an electric lamp adapted to serve at will as an
incandescent lamp, or as an arc lamp, or as both together.
The improved lamp chiefly comprises:
Two vertical brass rods suitably insulated and connected at the upper and lower
end by wooden crossheads and in the centre by a wooden cover or plate. The
upper cross head is provided with a hook for suspending the lamp. At the upper
end of the two brass rods are binding screws for the main conducting wires. On
the wooden cover or plate held in the centre of the two brass rods, are placed two
electro-magnets covered with copper wire well insulated and one of which has a
resistance of 80 Ohms. The free ends of the wire covering this electro-magnet are
suitably connected with the parallel brass rods, while the wire of the other electro-
magnet is much coarser and connected at one end with a solid copper contact plate
situated between the electro-magnets, the other end of the wire being connected
with one of the brass rods. The contact plate carries two vertical eyebolts in
which are pivoted two contact rods made of copper. Above the electro magnets
is mounted on a knife edge a horizontal balance lever made of steel and provided
at each end with an anchor. Also mounted on the wooden cover are two bras9
stands serving to hold a train of tooth wheels provided with a brake. These tooth
wheels gear into each other in such manner as to actuate a rack held vertically
against the tooth wheels by a series of rollers. The lower end of this rack carries
a brass tube serving to hold the negative carbon.
At the lower end of the two contact rods suspended from the cover are mounted
two adjustable contact rollers made of gas coke. Two springs fixed to the wooden
cover or plate serve to press against the contact rods so as to establish constant

page_text: contact between the contact rollers and the negative carbon. The lower cross head
contains a solid piece of copper serving as contact with one of the brass rods and
also to hold one end of the wire wound on an electro-magnet placed on the same
cross head. The wire wound on this electro-magnet is well insulated and about
2.5 millimetres thick. On the top end of each of the two branches of this electro-
magnet is let in vertically a screwthreaded brass wire passing through the bores of
an iron plate serving as an anchor for the electro-magnet and which plate is of
sufficient breadth to admit of a copper casing being screwed through the plate.
The upper end of this casing carries the positive carbon. The copper casing passes
through the base plate of the electro-magnet and is provided at the lower end
with a binding screw.
The lower cross head contains another piece of copper to one side of which is
fixed the other end of the wire of the electro-magnet. The other side of this piece
of copper serves to hold a wire having a thickness of 2.5 millimetres and which is
fixed at the lower end of the copper casing. A spring serves to press the copper
casing and thereby the positive carbon upward as far as the position of the
regulating screws will admit. The intermediate cross head is provided with a
metallic reflector adapted to throw the light downward, and also with a glass
globe.
The lower or positive carbon has a larger sectional area than the upper or
negative carbon, for the purpose of forming a large luminous crater which masks
the variations of light caused by the motion of the upper carbon, also for the
purpose of rendering the negative carbon incandescent and for reducing the
consumption of carbon.
The lamp may be made to act either as an incandescent lamp or as an arc lamp,
or as both together according as the upper electro-magnets are short-circuited, or
weakened or strengthened, and as the contact-rollers and the set screws are placed
higher or lower,