A Machine for Making and Filling Hermetically Closed Packets.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Feb., 1899- Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Machine for Making and Filling Hermetically Closed Packets.
I, MATHIAS BERNHARD KUCKHOFF, of 34, Grindel Allee, Hamburg, Germany,
temporarily of Samsoun, Asiatic Turkey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to making and filling hermetically closed packets, and
consists of a machine which takes the paper, required to make the packet, auto-
matically from a roll of paper, cuts off the correct size, folds it, fills the material
to be packed (tobacco in the machine illustrated), which is fed by suitable trans-
porting mechanism into the packet, closes the packet, fastens a band around it,
and passes it on. The machine requires only one attendant, who watches that the
material to be packed is fed in right quantities.
The tobacco or other suitable material to be packed is fed to the machine by
suitable feeding mechanism, empties the contents of the feeding device into the
pressing chamber g, Figures 1 and 2, and takes the paper, required to form a
packet, from the paper drum u, cuts it to the required shape by means of a
knife z, pushes it forwards beneath a sleeves which goes up and down and serves
as a shaping and filling funnel. The sleeves presses the paper through a
matrix A, Figures 4 and 5, provided with shaping lappets B and lugs C and folds
the sides of the packet which, still open at the top, passes into the recess D of the
feeding disc E where it receives the tobacco or other material.
The sleeves and die r are then successively withdrawn from the filled packet
which is only open at the top. This action causes simultaneously fresh tobacco
to be fed into the chamber g, the pressing forward thereof and the placing of
new paper for a packet. The open packet is then closed by the slide N, the
narrow sides being bent down first and the broad sides over them.
The feeding disc E, Figures 2 and 11, is then rotated so that the next of the
empty chambers D provided in it is pushed under the shaping and filling device
for the reception of another packet to be made, while the packet already packed
and closed, passes below the disc W, and, after a certain period, below the dis-
charging device where a gummed band or strip is fastened around it. This
strip or band of paper is taken from paper rolls 14 in the same machine during
the folding of the packet paper, Figure 11, is pushed forwards between rollers 15,
cut by a knife 10 to the required width, placed by levers 17 on a roller 27 which
dips into adhesive material, gripped by a gripping device 32 at the right moment,
corresponding to the rotation of the feeding disc E, and placed over an opening
provided in the disc W of the feeding plate E at the place where the packet is
to be pushed out. The operation of the machine is continuous. A folded, filled
and closed packet is brought under the expelling die 46 after each 1 th revolu-
tion of the feeding disc E and pushes out, during the attachment of the band or
strip and the ascent of the die 46, the packet around which previously a band or

page_text: strip has been fastened and which has been pressed into a closely fitting sleeve 47.
The packet when leaving the sleeve 47 is pushed on to a free path 48, on which
it is transported by a transporting device."
The accompanying drawings show how a machine may be constructed accord-
ing to my invention.
Figure 1 shows a section through the machine.
Figure 2 is a plan with the feeding mechanism removed.
Figure 3 shows a detail of the filling device.
Figure 4 shows a section through the folding device. Figure 5 a longitudinal
section therethrough and Figure 6 a plan thereof.
Figures 6 to 6 show the folding operations.
Figure 7 is a plan of the device for closing the packet. Figure 8 shows a
section through the same.
Figure 9 shows a longitudinal section of the device for pushing in the tobacco,
of the device for feeding forwards the paper, and of the device for folding the
closing parts.
Figure 10 shows the device for folding the closing parts in a different position
from that shown in Figure 9.
Figure 11 shows the packet transporting device, the band cutting, gumming
and fastening devices.
Figure 12 shows a detail of the packet transporting device.
Figure 13 shows the device for cutting off the paper strips.
Figure 14 is a side view of the gumming device for the bands or strips.
Figure 15 shows, details of the device for attaching and feeding the band or
strips.
Figures 16 and 17 show the band attaching and expelling devices. Figs. 18,
19 and 20 show-the-same-device in different positions.
The machine may be divided into the following parts according to its-functions..
1. The mechanism for feeding the material.
2. The mechanism for pressing and inserting the material.
3. The mechanism for feeding, cutting and folding the paper for the packet.
4. The mechanism for closing the packet.
5. The mechanism for transporting the packets.
6. The mechanism for feeding, cutting and gumming the strips to form bands
outside the packet.
7. The mechanism for taking up the bands and attaching them to the packet.
8. The mechanism for expelling and delivery of the packets.
As shown in Figure 2 a main axle a is driven by the axle of a belt pulley
through intermediate gearing, and operates by bevil wheels an axle . Cam
discs fixed to these axles guide the levers belonging thereto. These cam discs
are generally provided with guides in which case each serves to guide two levers
which are either of different construction or arranged in pairs.
The material which is to be packed, tobacco in the machine illustrated, is fed
either automatically, or by hands into the buckets of the bucket arrangement,
Figure 1, the lower drum of which is arranged at the bottom, and the upper
drum is supported on the frame d by means of an axle e. The framed of the
machine carries on two standards did two transverse pieces ik, Figure 1,
adjustable vertically, to the side ends of which are connected in pairs connecting
rods m. With the latter engage levers no, Figure 2 pivotted on an axle P
balanced by counter weights no and operated by cani dises 1 and 2, fixed on
the main axle a in duplicate. As shown on the left in Figure 1 the alternating
and operating mechanism of the bucket transporting drum is connected to the
transverse piece i, by a lever 1, in such a manner that at each ascent the drum is
rotated 90° and discharges the contents of a fresh bucket.
To the transverse piece is further attached a pressing piece r, Figure 1,
which moves in a funnel shaped sleeve s fixed to the transverse piece k, and has a
transverse section a little smaller than the packet to be made. To the transvers

page_text: piece k, Figure 1, on the right is connected a lever t, which operates by means of
the levers t, and a stamping piece which presses the tobacco or other
material fed into the chamber y, Figures 1, 2, 3, and 9. The paper required
to make the packet is taken from a roll of paper u, as shown in Figures 1 and 2,
is carried over the table of the frame of the machine and fed forwards between
two feeding rollers . The latter are provided with suitable pawls and receive
a rotary movement by rods, which are connected to a lever having an
eccentric 12. The lever is compelled to make the movements, indicated in the
drawings by dotted lines through a guide. When the paper has been advanced
sufficiently, Figure 6, so that it protrudes a suitable distance, beyond the sleeves,
levers y come into operation Figures 1 and 2. These levers y operated by cam
discs 11 fixed to the axle depress the knife and cut off the paper according to
the required size. When the paper has been cut off levers 54, 55 (connected to
levers LM, operated by the cam disc 5 of the axle a) see Figure 9 pushes the
paper by a pusher 56 under the sleeve a fixed to the transverse piece k. The
latter and the sleeves then commence to descend whereby the paper therein is
pressed into the matrix A situated below it. The latter has a rectangular orifice,
Figures 4, 5, 6 and 6 to 6%, and is provided at the narrower sides with flat
springs B, which are marrow near the edge of the matrix and become broader
towards the other end. These springs cause the paper pressed down by the
sleeves to be bent in on the protruding narrow sides, besides being bent up on
the broad sides.
#
h
During the further passage of the descending sleeves it comes into contact
with two conical protruding lugs C arranged in the narrow sides of the matrix
so as to alternate vertically. These lugs press the paper protruding over the
brond side of the sleeves first against one of the narrow sides, Figure 6", and
then against the other narrow side, Figure 6, of the sleeve s. The latter descends
further and presses the packet, fully folded at the sides and only open at the top;
Figure 6 into one of a number of orifices D provided in a packet transporting
dise E, Figure 2. A leyer F, Figures 2 and 9, pivotted on the axle G and operated
by cam disc 4 pushes forward a piece J, Figures 3 and 9, by means of rods H.
The piece takes the tobacco or other material fed by a piston working per-
pendicularly to it Figure 3 and presses the same into an orifice K of the sleeve s.
The set of cam discs 1 moves the transverse piece downwards, Figures 1, 2
and 9, and the stamp fixed to it, sliding downwards presses the tobacco or other
material fed into the sleeve by the piece into the packet. The stamp re-
mains a little time in this position and holds the tobacco or other material while
the sleeve s. is moved upwards by the double set of rods k, m, o, and the pair of
cam discs 2. The piece Figures 1, 2 and 3 is taken back by levers t
hinged to the transverse piece k, in order to make room for the tobacco to be
introduced. The transverse piece and the stamp are then also moved upwards
by the pair of cam discs and the rods, Figures 2 and 9; whereby a
drum e, Figure 1, is rotated through'a lever 7 and ratchet pawl, so as to discharge
the tobacco or other material from another bucket. The packet which has thus
been filled and is still open at the top is now closed; by a lever L, pivotted to the
axle G, Figures 7, 8, 9 and 10, and operated from a cam disc, which lever
operates by a rod M a sliding piece N which folds the paper down.
As shown in Figure 7 two sliding pieces 0 are provided for folding the sides
which are folded first. These sliding pieces are operated by levers which are
pivotted to the rigid frame d of the machine, and are guided by rollers fixed to
the free ends of the levers in slots 2 of the slide N. By recesses in the slots 0
the sliding pieces receive a momentary side movement. On the slide N is
further provided a slot guide P. Figure 9, in which slide rollers P, Figures 9
and 10, which are pivotted to pairs of levers Q and R. The levers and R are
pivotted in the rigid frame of the machine and engage by means of rods Q'R'
with small levers QR which operate the axles T and U to which are attached
Hlaps T and of which is somewhat shorter than U¹, and when both are.

page_text: turned over the orifice the latter is somewhat further away from the stamp orifice
than the former so that the flap U₁ in part lies over the flap T¹.
As shown in Figure 10 when the slide N advances the levers Q Q¹ turn over
the flap T whereby the protruding packet paper is folded over, Figure 6'. The
slide then advances further and turns over the flap U by means of levers R R¹
so that the second protruding piece of paper is also folded over, Figure 6. When
now. the packet has been closed by folding, the lever V pivotted also on the
axle G, Figure 11, is operated by the cam disc 3, and rotates the packet trans-
porting disc E which is connected by intermediate universal joints and rods V₁
and secured by suitable ratchet pawls. In this manner an empty orifice D is
placed under the filling device, while a filled and folded packet passes under the
disc W which prevents the fold from being opened again by the elasticity of the
filling material.
In the construction shown in the drawings the transporting disc E has eight
filling orifices D in order to give a certain time of rest to the freshly filled and
folded packet, before it is brought under the device by which it is hermetically
sealed and a gummed band is attached around it. The paper which is to be used
for the closing band is taken from a roller 14, Figures 11 and 14, the width of
which is equal to the length of the required band. From the roller 14 it is
passed through two rollers 15 which are rotated by suitable ratchet
pawls and levers from the cam disc S. When the paper has been
pushed sufficiently forwards by the rotation of the rollers, a pair
of shears 16, shown in Figure 13 and operated from the cam disc 9 cuts off a
piece from the strip. This piece of paper falls then on a double lever 17,
Figures 2, 11 and 14, which is arranged in duplicate on an axle, Figure 2, and
one arm of each of which is provided with a cushion lath 19 while the other is
pivotted to a rod-20,-which is pivotted to a lever 21. The latter is situated on an
axle 22, which is rotated by a lever 23 which receives its movement-from-
levers 25 and 26, Figure 11. The latter is pivotted on an axle G and is actuated
by the cam disc 7. Before the lever 17 is situated a roller 27 the lower side of
which dips into a basin 60 filled with adhesive material. The roller 27 is rotated
through a ratchet connection by a draw bar 28, which is connected to a lever 24
situated on the axle 22 and is operated by the levers 23, 25, 26 from the cam
disc 7.
A piece 29 prevents the adhesion of excessive adhesive material to the surface
of the roller, which for the purpose of even gumming and to facilitate the
removal of the paper has small grooves in the direction of rotation. The band
paper cut off by the shears 16 falls on to the cushion 19, Figure 11, of the double
lever 17 and is pressed by the latter during its ascent on to the roller 27 provided
with adhesive material. Curved shields 30, Figures 2 and 11 are provided to
prevent the paper from falling off vertically. The lever 17 then moves back and
the roller 27 is rotated forwards through the ratched pawl. The paper now re-
mains on the roller in order to collect adhesive material. The ratchet wheel is
arranged so that a certain period of rest is allowed for the gummed band before it
is removed. Thus four folded and filled packets circulate simultaneously in the
disc E, and similarly four band strips are always on the gumming roller 27
ready for use.
When the moment has come at which the band strip is to be taken off the
gumming roller and to be fed to the attaching device, two clutches 32, pivotted
to the pair of levers 21 and guided tangentially by levers 31, (Figures 2, 11
and 15) take the free ends of the band strip which has been cut somewhat longer
than the length of the gumming roller 27. The closing of the taking off devices
and the taking off of the strip is effected automatically by means of discs 33
arranged on the axle 61 of the roller 27, Figure 15.
'
As shown in Figure 15 the clutches 32 have a moveble member 34 which is
acted on by a spiral spring 35 in such a manner that it is arrested either in a coin-
pletely closed position, or in a position turned through 90° in which it is com-

page_text: pletely open. The opening takes place through a short projecting lever 36,
provided on the movable clutch, which lever runs on to a lug 37 on a frame 38,
Figure 16, described hereinafter; the discs 33 effect the closing. The clutch 32
described above, which is arranged in duplicate corresponding to the two ends of
the band strip, is swung out by means of the lever 21 and brings the band strip
on to the sheet metal plate W, under which rotates the packet transporting
disc E, Figures 11 and 16.
When the band strip has arrived on the disc W which has a recess correspond-
ing to the cross section of the packet the frame 38, Figures 11 and 16, is some-
what lifted and guided by the rod 39, which receives its motion from the crank
disc 6 situated on the axle a through a lever 40 pivotted to the axle 41,
Figure 20. To the rod 39 is also connected the stamp 46 for pushing out the
packet. The frame 38, Figure 17, allows the double levers 43 and 44 to yield to
the force of a spiral spring 45, contracting them, and to lower their lower arms
provided with rollers; these levers have been previously lieing with projections
against the transverse rod of the frame, and are pivotted on a rod 42. In the
meantime the beforementioned projections 37 of the frame have struck against
the levers 36 of the clutches 34 so that they have set free the band strip which
now rests on the sheet metal plate W pressed only by the levers 43 and 44.
The expelling stamp 46 has been lifted simultaneously with the frame 38,
so that its stamp face is situated appi ximately at the level of the bottom of the
packet transporting disc E, which i now turned so that one of its orifices D
holding a folded and filled packet placed over the stamp 46 and under the
band strip which is held stretched by the levers 43 and 44. The band strip pre-
vents the packet from becoming undone. The stamp 46 is lifted further and
presses the packet, Figure 18, upwards, the band strip being also lifted and
pressed by the rollers of the levers 43 and 44 against the sides.
The packet is ultimately pushed into a funnel shaped orifice of the machine
frame which holds it with considerable friction, Figure 19.
_...
The stamp 46d frame 38 then descend again, the cross rod 38, Figure 20 of
the latter spread the levers 43 and 44 resting on the frame, so that the lever
arms provided with allers are directed upwards and are situated at the level of
the lower edge of the cket held in the funnel 47. A lever 48, operated by the
cam disc 10, Figure 20, shes the rod 42, to which are pivotted levers 43 and 44,
sideways a distance corponding to about the length of the packet; the roller
of the lever 43 taking the hanging left hand end of the band strip and presses it
against the bottom of the packet. The rod 42 is then moved back the double
length of the packet in consequence of the formation of the cam disc 10, so that
the roller 44 attaches the hanging right hand end of the band strip. The rod 42
then returns into its position of rest in consequence of the shape of the cani disc.
The packet thus pasted over on all sides now remains in the funnel 47 until a
newly folded packet to be provided with a band strip comes over the stamp 46,
which pushes the previously folded packet upwards by means of the newly folded
packet, and delivers it into a free path 48. In the latter it is moved or trans-
ported by a transporting device 50, which receives its motion through a lug 52,
Figure 2, which is arranged on the rod 42, such motion being transmitted by a
suitable lever mechanism.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1st. A machine for making and filling of hermetically closed packets in which
the paper to form the packet is taken from a paper roll, cut to the right shape
and folded so that only a feeding orifice is left, the material, preliminarily
pressed in the machine if desired being then automatically fed into such orifice
and the latter closed, and carried to another device where a strip cut in the

page_text: machine from a roll and gummed is pasted round the packet which is then expelled
substantially as described.
2nd. A machine as claimed in Claim 1 in which the paper for the packet is
folded by a sleeves, of smaller cross section than the paper. to be folded, and a
matrix A, which latter effects, at its narrow sides, by flat narrow springs B
broadening towards the end, the folding of the side bottom edges and by conical
projections C on the same narrow side the folding of the side edges of the packet,
substantially as described.
3rd. Apparatus as claimed in Claims 1 and 2 in which the device for closing
the upper orifice of the open packet is guided by a slide N and consists of two
slides which simultaneously fold the narrow sides, the folding of the broad
sides being effected through Haps T U₁ situated on axles T and U, such flaps
being turned over one after the other by means of two levers Q and R, rods Q
and R, and levers Q2 and R2 the flap Tbeing a smaller distance from the matrix
orifice than the flap U in order to fold one over the other, substantially as
described.
4th. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 in which during the folding of the
packet a narrow strip of paper to form a band is taken from a paper roll and
placed by a pair of levers 7 on a roller 27 rotating in adhesive material, which
roller operated by ratchet mechanism moves the gummed strip.
5th. Apparatus as claimed in Claims 1 and 4 in which the lever 17 laying the
band strip is connected with a lever 21 in such a manner that when one un-
gummed band strip is placed on a gummed strip is taken off the roller.
hich taking off clutches 32
by the guiding lever 31,
clutch 34 and a lever 36
6th. Apparatus as claimed in Claims 1, 4 and 5
are provided on the lever 21, and guided tangent
which clutches are provided with a movable grip
so that a spiral spring 35, acting on 32 and 34, cases through a striking on the
levers 36 the complete opening of the clutches turned through 90°, which
when brought out of their opened position by a disc 33 spring back automatically
into the closed gripping position.
7th. Apparatus as claimed in Claims 1, 4, 5 and 6 in which a frame 38 is lifted
with a stamp 46 effecting the expulsion of the completed packet, lugs 37 arranged
on the sides of the frame simultaneously opening clutches 34 which hold the
band strip and allowing a free movement to levers 43 and 44 attached to à rod 42,
adapted to be moved sideways which levers strike with their upper lever arms
against the transverse rod 38 of the frame 38, so that they press down the band
strip situated below, by the tension given them by a spiral spring 45 connecting
them, in order to prevent that the packet passing under the band strip becomes
undone.
Sth. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 in which the rod 42 provided with
levers 43 and 44 has a nose 52 in order to operate a lever mechanism 49, 50 at
the movement of the rod, in order to carry away the expelled packet."
1300