IMPROVEMENTS IN FARE REGISTERS
Year: 1879

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN FARE REGISTERS."
A communication from abroad by Archibald Hance, of New York, United
States of America, Gentleman.
Sealed the 1st July 1879, and dated the 24th April 1879.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th April 1879.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FARE REGISTERS." A communication from abroad by Archibald Hance,
of New York, United States of America, Gentleman.
This Invention consists in the combination in a fare register of a registering
device, an alarm composed of a bell and hammer, a prime mover common to both,
and a hammer guard, which whenever the prime mover is partially drawn out
occupies a position in the path of the hammer and is not removed from this
position before the prime mover has completed its outward stroke, so that the
alarm cannot be sounded without imparting motion to the registering device; also
in the combination of a camslot with the prime mover, the anchor, and the escape-
ment wheel which transmits the motion of the prime mover to the registering
device, so that by the action of said camslot a positive motion is imparted to the
anchor in either direction; further, in the combination in a fare register with a full
fare or main registering device an alarm and a prime mover common to both of a
secondary or half fare registering device and mechanism for throwing this secondary
registering device in or out of gear with the prime mover of the full fare regis-
tering device, so that when the registering device is thrown in gear with the
prime mover and the prime mover is drawn out, both the full fare and the
secondary registering devices are simultaneously propelled one step and the number
of half fares collected during a certain period of time, as indicated by the secondary
register, can be readily ascertained; also in the combination of a secondary alarm
(giving a different sound from the main alarm) with the coupling mechanism for
throwing secondary registering device in gear with the prime mover, so that
whenever this coupling mechanism is operated the secondary alarm is sounded and
the fact that a half fare is about to be registered is made manifest; also in the
combination of a locking mechanism with the coupling mechanism which serves to
throw the secondary registering device in gear with the prime mover, said locking
mechanism being released automatically after one half fare has been registered, so
[Price fd23

page_text: that no more than one half fare can be registered without again sounding the
secondary alarm; further, in the combination with the alarm bell and with the
prime mover of a damper, which when the prime mover is in a state of rest bears
against the surface of bell and prevents the same from being sounded by external
blows, and which is withdrawn from the bell by the action of the prime mover at
the time when the hammer strikes; also in the combination in a fare register of a
registering mechanism adapted to be set to zero at will, and an indicator which is
adapted to be moved step by step entirely independent of the registering
mechanism, and which is so constructed that the said registering mechanism
cannot be changed independent of its actuating mechanism or prime mover
without first moving the indicator a full step; further in the combination in a
fare register of a registering disk or index adapted to be set to zero at will by
hand, knob, or key, a slide or prime mover for moving said registering disk, a zero
guard for arresting the registering disk or index at zero when the same is turned
by hand, knob, or key, an indicator adapted to be moved step by step entirely
independent of the registering device and mechanism for locking the prime mover
whenever said indicator is moved one step, and for releasing the prime mover when
the registering disk or index is turned to zero by band, knob, or key, so that
whenever the indicator is moved one or more steps any motion of the registering
disk or index by means of the prime mover is rendered impossible until said
registering disk or index has been turned to zero by hand, knob, or key; further,
in the combination with a registering mechanism an aların, and with a prime
mover common to both, of a trip dial for indicating the number of times the register
has been turned to zero; also in the combination with the independent indicator,
the registering disk or index, and the mechanism for locking and unlocking the
prime mover of a trip dial, which is caused to move one step every time the prime
mover is locked by moving the indicator, and then unlocked by turning the
registering disk to zero by band, knob, or key; further, in the combination with
the independent indicator of a stop connected to and operated by the mechanism
for locking the prime mover for preventing said indicator from being moved more
than one step at a time. This Invention is illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing in which Figure 1 represents a face view; Figure 2 is a section in the
plane x, x, Figure 6; Figure 3 is a similar section in the plane y, y, Figure 6 ;
Figure 3* is a similar section showing the working parts in a different position;
Figure 4 is a similar section in the plane z, z, Figure 6; Figure 5 is a rear view ;.
Figure 6 is a transverse vertical section; Figure 7 is a detached view of the
hammer guard, showing its position when the hammers has been partially raised;
Figure 8 is a horizontal section in the plane ¹, x¹, Figure 5. Similar letters
indicate corresponding parts. In these Drawings the letter A designates a case
made of sheet metal or any other suitable material in the form best adapted for
the purpose for which it is to be used. In this case is situated a slide or prime
mover B, which serves to actuate the single trip register, the alarm, and the general
or concealed register if such is used. Said prime mover rests upon a plate G, being
guided by suitable slots and pins, and it is provided with a suitable finger piece b
which serves to operate the same. The plate G is secured in the case A and forms
a partition between the single trip register on one side and the alarm and general
register on the opposite side, and it supports the principal working parts of my
apparatus. In the underside of the prime mover is secured a pin g which extends
through a slot in the partition plate G (Figure 4), and is exposed to the action of
a spring h, that has a tendency to throw the prime mover up to the position shown
in the Drawing. To the prime mover is pivoted a link c, from the underside of
which projects a pin d through a slot e in a disk f and into an oval guide groove i
in the partition plate G (Figure 4). To the under surface of this partition plate
is firmly secured a plate jo, with an oval projection j, which extends into an oval
guide groove and occupies a slightly oblique position, as shown in Figure 4.
When the prime mover is drawn out the pin d of the link c passes down over the
inner edge of the projection j, and if the prime mover after having been drawn out

page_text: to its full extent is released, so as to be free to follow the action of its spring h, the
pin d passes upon the outer edge of the projection j, and at the same time the
disk f is caused to make a complete revolution. On the circumference of the disk f
are two or more ratchet teeth which engage with a pawl l, and prevent said disk
from turning in the wrong direction. On the prime mover is firmly secured a
plate a with a cam slot a°, which engages with a pin m, projecting from an
anchor H, that is pivoted to the partition plate G (Figure 3) and subjected to the
action of a spring n, which keeps the pallet o of said anchor in gear with an escape-
ment wheel I and the pin m in the position shown in Figure 3.
When the prime
mover is drawn out the cam slot a° acts upon the pin m, so as to throw the
pallet o out of gear with the escapement wheel, and to throw the pallet o° in gear
with said escapement wheel by a positive motion at the moment the prime mover has
reached the outer end of its stroke, thereby propelling the registering mechanism one
half a step; and when the prime mover is released the pallet o is thrown back in gear
with the escapement wheel I by the direct action of the cam slot a° on the pin m and
the registering mechanism is propelled the second half step. In order to allow the
registering mechanism to be turned backward by hand the cam slot a° is provided
with a branch a* which allows the anchor to yield when the escapement wheel is
turned in the direction of the arrow marked thereon in Figure 3. By this arrange-
ment a positive motion is imparted to the anchor in either direction and its correct
action on the escapement wheel is insured. The escapement wheel I turns on a
gudgeon which projects through a hole in the partition plate G, and to the lower
square end of this gudgeon is firmly secured a ratchet wheel K (see Figure 4). On
the upper surface of this escapement wheel I is firmly secured a pinion g (Figures
2 and 3), provided with a corrugated hub to fit into a correspondingly corrugated
socket in the centre of the unit disk L, so that by the action of the prime mover
the unit disk, together with the pinion 9, the escapement wheel I, and the ratchet
wheel K, are turned step by step in the direction of arrow 1 (Figure 2). The
pinion q gears into cogs on the periphery of the ten disk M, and is so proportioned
that for each complete revolution of the unit disk said ten disk is caused to make
one tenth of a revolution. In the example shown in the Drawing the unit disk is
provided with ten apertures, which are moved over the successive figures on the
ten disk. To the under surface of the partition plate G is pivoted a spring pawl 8,
which engages with the ratchet wheel K, and the corrugated hub of the escapement
wheel extends through a hole in the cover of the case A and serves to support a
knob N (Figures 1 and 6). If the pawl 8 is thrown out of gear with the ratchet wheel K
the unit disk L can be turned by means of this knob in the direction opposite to
arrow 1 (Figure 2), but it cannot be turned by said knob in the direction of arrow 1,
being retained by the pallet o and escapement wheel I. In some cases a key may
be used in place of the knob, or the unit disk may be turned by the direct applica-
tion of the hand, and in the subsequent part of this description the term "turning
the unit disk by hand" will be used in contradistinction to the term "turning the
unit disk by the prime mover," and in the term " turning by hand " I desire to
include a knob or key, or any means which allow of turning said unit disk by the
direct application of the hand, or of any instrument held in the hand to the disk
itself or to any part connected to said disk. The arbor of the disk f (Figure 3),
extends through the partition plate jo (Figure 4), and carries a pinion t (Figure 6),
which transmits the motion of the disk f to the general or concealed register O,
which can be inspected by raising a lid P° secured to the back plate of the case A
On the under surface of the prime mover Bis pivoted a spring dog u which projects
through a slot in the partition plate G (Figure 4), and when the prime mover is
drawn out this spring dog acts on a shoulder w formed on the butt of the shank of
the hammer P so as to raise said hammer against the action of its spring a. Between
the hammer P and the bell Q is situated a hammer guard b¹ which is secured to a
lever R that is pivoted to the upper side of the partition plate G (see Figures 3 and 4),
and subjected to the action of a spring d¹ which has a tendency to retain the
hammer guard in the path of the hammer. On the prime mover is formed a nose e¹

page_text: (Figure 3), and as the prime mover is drawn out and approaches the lower ond of
its stroke this nose strikes the edge of the lever R and the hammer guard is thrown
back out of the path of the hammer. At the same time the hammer is released by
the spring dog u, and it strikes the bell. When the prime mover is released the
hammer guard is thrown back between the hammer and the bell by the action of
the spring d'. When the prime mover is only partially drawn out, so as to raise
the hammer to the position shown in Figure 7, the hammer guard retains its position
in the path of the hammer and it is therefore rendered impossible to cause the
hammer to strike the bell without drawing the primo mover out to its full extent,
so that the registering device will be moved one step whenever the alarm is sounded.
In the example shown in the Drawing the hammer guard b¹ is placed in the path
of the bead of the hammer, but its position may be changed and it may be placed
opposite to some portion of the shank of the hammer and moved in a suitable
direction without departing from my Invention. The back of my haminer guard b'
is covered with felt or other suitable material, and when the same is permitted to
follow the action of its spring d¹ its felt covered back bears close against the circum-
ference of the belt so that it acts as a damper and prevents the bell from sounding
before said damper is withdrawn. If the bell is used without the damper a sharp
blow against the case A causes the bell to sound, and the erroneous impression can
be produced that a fare has been registered. It is obvious that the damper and the
hammer guard may be applied separate, that is to say, a damper may be used which
does not at the same time act as a hammer guard, or a hammer guard may be usod
which does not also act as a damper, and if the damper is used the hammer guard
may be dispensed with, the damper being withdrawn from the bell by the action of
the prime mover only when the latter has been drawn out a sufficient distance to
impart motion to the registering device so that the bell cannot give a clear sound
without registering a fare. With the main registering device, as above described, I
have combined a secondary registering device S, the object of which is to keep a
record of half fares or fares of a different amount from those registered by the main
registering device. In the example shown in the Drawing this secondary registering
device is enclosed in a separate case A° which is firmly connected to the case A, as
shown in Figures 5 and 6, but if desired both the registering devices may be placed
into one and the same case. In the interior of the case A° is secured a partition
blade T, from the under surface of which extends a screw g' through a slot h¹ in
the prime mover B (Figure 4), which extends through the case A° 80 that both tho
main and the secondary registering devices are operated by the action of the same
prime mover. From the prime mover extends a stud ¹ through a slot j¹ in the par-
tition plate T, and this stud carries a link k' (Figure 2), from which projects a pin 21
through an oblique slot in a disk m³ which turns on an arbor n¹. This arbor has
its bearing in a plate o¹ (Figure 4), which is fastened to the under surface of the
partition plate T, and from which projects a cam p¹ (Figure 3), into an aperture q¹
in the partition plate. This cam is placed in an oblique position, and it serves as a
guide for the pin l' of the disk k', which also extends into the aperture q'. Through
the face plate of the case A° projects a slider which is guided in a slot in the
partition plate T and in another slot formed in shaped standards a¹ secured to
said partition plate, as shown in Figures 6 and 8. The outer end of said slide
engages with a spring V (Figures 1, 6, and 8), which is secured to the face plate of
the case A° and has a tendency to keep the slide in its raised position (Figures 6
and 8). From the spring U extends a tappet t¹, which whenever said spring is
depressed serves to sound an alarm V. In the example shown in the Drawing I have
represented an elastic steel blade which whenever the spring U is depressed produces &
clicking noise, but any other suitable alarm may be substituted for this clicking blade,
it being desirable however to select an alarm the sound of which can be readily
distinguished from the sound of the alarm in the main register. The slide is
provided with a cam slot w', and in one of its edges is a notch v¹ (Figure 8), which
when the slide is depressed engages with a latch y¹ (Figures 2 and 4) that is pivoted
to the partition plate T and subjected to the action of a spring ¹. The link k¹

page_text: (Figures 2 and 6) has a spur a², which projects into the cam slot u¹ of the slide r',
On the lower end of the arbor n¹ of the disc m¹ is secured a pinion be (Figure 4),
which serves to transmit motion to the secondary register W, which is secured to
the rear or under surface of the partition plate T. If the slide 7² is raised its cam
slot acts on the spur of the link k', so as to retain the pin l' in the position shown
in full lines in Figure 3; and if the prime mover is drawn out said pin moves
down on the right hand edge (Figure 3) of the cam p¹, turning the disc m' forward
one half a revolution, but if the primo mover is permitted to move back, the pin l'
returns on the same edge of the cam p', and the disc m' is turned back to its
original position, so that the secondary register remains unchanged, while the
alarm of the main register has been sounded and a fare has been registered on the
main register. If a half fare is to be registered the slide is depressed, the
secondary alarm is sounded, and the latch y engages with the notch v1 of the slider,
so as to prevent it from rising up again. By depressing the slide the pin of
the link is forced over to the position shown in dotted lines in Figure 3; and if
the prime mover is drawn out and allowed to recede said pin noves down on the
left hand edge of the cam p' and upon its right edge, so as to impart to the disc m¹
and to the pinion 6 one complete revolution, and to register one fare on the
secondary register S. The revolution of the disc m¹ however cannot be completed
if the slide remains in its depressed position, because unless said slide is raised
while the disc m³ turns the spur of the link ¹ strikes the solid portion of the slide,
and thereby the prime mover is prevented from completing its back stroke, and
the disc m¹ is arrested before it has completed a full revolution. For the purpose
of releasing the slide the disk m¹ is provided with two projections c³, which
when said disc turns round act on the latch y, throwing the same out of gear with
the notch v¹ and leaving the slide free to follow the action of its spring U. At the
same time when the secondary register is turned one step the main register is also
propelled one step, so that the whole number of passengers is recorded by the main
register, while the secondary register records only the number of passengers paying
half fare (or a fare different from the regular fare). At the same time whenever a
half fare is to be registered the slide has to be depressed, and the secondary
alarm is sounded, so that the attention of the passenger is called to the fact that a
half fare is about to be registered. It will be noticed from this description that
the slider, link ', and disc m², for the coupling mechanism, whereby the secondary
register is thrown in gear with the prime mover; but I do not wish to be confined
to these precise devices, since other devices might be readily suggested, by which
the same result could be accomplished. I would further remark that the latch y¹,
which forms the locking mechanism, could be replaced by any other device suitable
for this purpose.
For the purpose of throwing the pawls (Figure 4) out of gear
with the ratchet wheel K (which is necessary before the registering disc can be
turned "by hand "), I use the following mechanism:-The tail end of said paw]
bears against a cam b³, which is secured on a pivot c³ (Figure 3) that turns in a
socket in the partition plate G. On this pivot is secured a lever d³, which is
situated on the upper side of the plate G (Figures 2, 3, and 3*), and which is
subjected to the action of a spring es that has a tendency to throw the same into
the position shewn in Figures 2 and 3, and to retain the cam 63 in the position
shewn in Figure 4. By turning the lever to the position shown in Figure 3* the
cam 63 is turned in the direction of the arrow marked on it in Figure 4, and the
pawl is thrown out of gear with the ratchet wheel K. For the purpose of
throwing the lever d³ into this position I use an indicator Q³, which is moved
entirely independent of the registering and alarm mechanism. In the example
shown in the Drawing this indicator consists of a disk, which is situated on the
outer service of the cover of the case A, and which is covered by a secondary case R²
(Figures 1 and 6), the top of which is partly cut away, so as to expose one section
of the indicator. This indicator is mounted on an arbor f³, the inner end of which
has its bearing in a hole in the partition plate G, while on its outer end, which
extends through the top plate of the secondary case R³, is firmly secured a knob g³,

page_text: which serves to turn the indicator.
"
"
On the arbor f³ close to the inner surface of
the cover of the case A is mounted a cam disc h³, which acts on a spring dog is
(Figures 2 and 3*) that turns on a pivot ³ secured in the cover of the case A. When
the cam disk h³ is turned the tail of the dog is bears against the lever d³ and throws
the same into the position shewn in Figure 3*, thereby turning the cam 63 and throw-
ing the pawls out of gear with the ratchet wheel K. As soon as one of the high
portions of the cam disk h³ has passed the head of the dog is however, this dog
returns to its original position, but the lever d³ is retained in the position shown in
Figure 3 by a pawl 3 (best seen in Figure 3), which engages with teeth formed in
the outer edge of said lever, otherwise said lever on being released by the dog i³ would
iminediately be thrown back to its original position by its spring e³. On the lever d³
is formed a toe do, and if said lever is thrown into the position shewn in Figure 3*
this too catches behind a hook 8 of the prime mover B, and thereby said prime
mover is locked, and consequently the alarm can not be sounded, and the registering
disc L cannot be turned in the direction of arrow 1 (Figure 2), but it can be turned
in the direction opposite to this arrow “by hand," the pawls being held out of
gear with the ratchet wheel K, as previously stated. When the registering disk is
turned by hand" it is arrested at zero by the zero guard m³ (Figures 2 and 3*),
which in the example shown in the Drawing is secured to the under surface of the
ten disk M, and strikes a dog n³ which is pivoted to the pawl K³, and subjected to
the action of a spring o³, so that if the zero guard strikes said dog in the direction
of arrow 1 (Figure 3*) said dog can yield, and the registering mechanism can be
turned in the direction of arrow 1 (Figure 2) without obstruction, but if the zero
guard strikes said dog in the direction opposite to arrow 1 (Figure 3*), or if the
registering mechanism is turned "by hand" in the direction opposite to arrow 1
(Figure 2), the dog becomes rigid, and the registering mechanism is arrested at zero.
At the moment the zero guard strikes the dog n³ the pawl K³ is turned on its
pivot p³, and it is moved from the position shown in Figure 3* to that shown in
Figures 2 and 3, the lever d³ returns to its original position by the action of spring es,
the pawl 8 drops back in gear with the ratchet wheel K, the prime mover is
released, and the registering mechanism is ready to be operated by said prime
mover, but it can not be turned any longer "by hand." The sections of the inde-
pendent indicator Q are marked with Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and they may also be
distinguished by different colors, so that it can be readily observed whenever the
person handling the fare register has returned the registering mechanism to zero.
The pawl K³ is connected to an anchor S° (best seen in Figure 3), the pallets 73, 703,
of which are adapted to engage with an escapement wheel 8³, to which is firmly
secured the trip dial T2. The figures on this dial pass successively beneath an
aperture t³ in the cover of the case A, when the lever d³ is thrown in its locking
position (Figure 3*) the pallet 3 is thrown in gear with the escapement wheel 8"
by the action of the spring e³, and said escapement is turned half a tooth, and when
the anchor S is thrown back to the position shewn in Figure 3 by the action of the
zero guard m³ on the dog n³, the lever d³ is returned to its original position by the
spring, and the pallet q³ acts on the escapement wheel, and propels the same half
a tooth, so that every time the locking lever d³ is moved inward by the action of
the independent indicator Q2, and then released by the action of the zero guard m³,
the escapement wheel 83 is turned one tooth, and a new figure of the trip dial T2 is
brought in view through the opening t³. The trip dial therefore keeps a permanent
record of the number of times the registering mechanism has been turned to zero
by hand," while the independent indicator enables every person in the car to
observe at once, and without a close inspection of the fare register, whenever the
registering mechanism has been returned to zero. On the locking lever d³ is secured
a stop us, which is thrown in the path of the cam disk h³ whenever the lever d³ is
thrown in its locking position, so that the independent indicator Q³ can be turned
only one step at a time. Claim 1. The combination in a fare register of a regis-
tering device, an alarm composed of a bell and hammer, a prime mover common to
both, and a hammer guard constructed and operating substantially as and for the
<<

page_text: purpose shown and described. 2. The combination of a cam slot a° with the prime
mover, the anchor, and escapement wheel which transmits the motion of the prime
mover to the registering device, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. The combination in a fare register with a full fare or main registering device, an
alarm, and a prime mover common to both, of ja secondary or half fare registering
device and mechanism for throwing this secondary registering device in or out of
gear with the prime mover of the main registering device, said prime mover serving
to actuate simultaneously both registering devices whenever it is coupled to the
secondary register, substantially as shown and described. 4. The combination of a
secondary alarm with the coupling mechanism for throwing the secondary register
in gear with the prime mover, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. 5. The
combination of a locking mechanism with the coupling mechanism which serves to
throw the secondary registering device in gear with the prime mover and mechanism
for automatically releasing said coupling device after one half fare has been regis-
tered, substantially as and for the purpose described. 6. The combination with the
alarm bell and with the prime mover of a damper which, when the prime mover is
in a state of rest, bears against the surface of the bell, and prevents the same from
being sounded by external blows, and which is withdrawn by the action of the
prime mover at the time the hammer strikes, substantially as set forth. 7. The
combination in a fare register of a registering mechanism adapted to be set to zero
at will, another indicator adapted to be moved step by step (entirely independent
of the registering mechanism), and so constructed that the said registering mechanism
can not be changed independent of its actuating mechanism or prime mover without
first moving the indicator one full step, substantially as set forth. 8. The combina-
tion in a fare register of a registering disk or index adapted to be set to zero at will
"by hand," a slide or prime mover for imparting motion to said registering disk or
index, a zero guard for arresting the registering disc or index at zero when the same
it turned "by hand," an indicator adapted to be moved step by step entirely
independent of the registering device, and mechanism for locking the prime mover
whenever said indicator is moved one step, and for releasing the prime mover when
the registering disk or index is turned to zero "by hand," all constructed and
adapted to operate substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.
9. The combination with a registering mechanism, an alarm, and with a prime
mover common to both, of a trip dial for indicating the number of times the register
has been turned to zero, substantially as set forth. 10. The combination with the
independent indicator Q2, with the registering disk or index, and with the
mechanism for locking and unlocking the prime mover of a trip dial T2 constructed
and adapted to operate substantially as and for the purpose shown and described.
11. The combination with the independent indicator Q of a stop connected to and
operated by the mechanism for locking the prime mover, for preventing said
indicator from being moved more than one step at a time, substantially as set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my