Improvements in Crushing-rolls.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 17th Jan., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Crushing-rolls.
I, DANIEL BRENNAN Junior, of Bayonne, in the County of Hudson and State of
New Jersey, United States of America, Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to that class of crushing rolls in which the pressure is
regulated in accordance with the material to be acted upon and in which provision is
made for allowing the rolls to yield and pass any foreign matter or material that they
may be unable to crush thus preventing injury to the machinery.
The object of my invention is to improve crushing rolls of this character in their
several features, with a view of promoting economy, increasing the efficiency of the
rolls and rendering their action more reliable.
With a view of giving a full understanding of the present improvements it is
explained that in machinery of this class, in crushing iron ores, for instance, many
tons pressure is exerted on the rolls to keep them to their work, and it will be readily
understood that in operation the rolls will be given a vibratory or jarring movement
by reason of the high, yielding pressure and the resistance of the material being
treated. Thus when weighted levers are employed, they and their appurtenances
have communicated to them the vibratory movement of the rolls and pillow blocks,
and it is very evident that the vibrations thus imparted to the weighted lever will
A further
affect the constancy of its pressure, and thus impair its efficiency.
objection to the weighted lever is that should any inatter that the rolls are unable
to crush, accidentally enter between the latter, as for instance, a drill point or other
piece of manufactured iron, the rate of speed of the rolls is such as to feed in the
said drill point before the resistance of the same to the rolls can overcome the inertia
of the weighted lever to allow the yielding roll to yield, and damage to the machinery
is therefore liable to result.
When springs are employed alone to effect the pressure, their action is not
sufficiently constant to be reliable, as their tension varies from many causes.
To the end therefore, of overcoming the above and other practical difficulties, uny
invention consists in the novel construction hereinafter described and defined in the
claims.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this
Specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all
the figures.
Figure 1 represents in perspective, a pair of crushing rolls and their appurtenances,
to which my improvements have been applied ;
Figure 2 is a side elevation thereof;
Figure 3 is a front elevation, the handle bar of the adjustable stop being omitted to
give a clear view of the tackle :
Figure 4 is a plan view;
Figure 5 is a side view of one of the improved sheaves forming a feature of my
invention;
Figure 6 is a vertical sectional elevation of such sheave, the view being taken on
the line 6-6 of Figure 5;
Figure 7 is a sectional plan view, the section being taken on the line 7-7 of
Figure 3;
Figure 8 is a longitudinal sectional elevation, on line 8-8 of Figure 4. looking in
the direction of the arrows shown in connection with said Figure
Figure 9 is a detail view of the head of the adjustable stop.
; and

page_text: The crushing rolls A, A', have their trunnions a, a¹, journaled respectively in the
fixed pillow blocks B, and the movable pillow blocks B'.
The pillow blocks are mounted on hollow beis C, and are formed with side
flanges B, B, which straddle said beds C, and by means of which the said pillow
blocks are held to their beds through the medium of bolts D, D, DI, one of which
bolts D and the bolt D', are made to serve as the pins on which the sheaves E. E', of
the tackle are mounted, the said sheaves heing arranged within the hollow beds (),
whereby they are protected from dirt and injury.
Each pair of pillow blocks are united by transverse bolts B³.
A wire rope, or other suitable rope, band, or chain, F, is rove through the two sets
of sheaves E, E', one end of the rope being secured to a suitable fixed support as,
for instance, to the fixed pin D, of the stationary sheaves E. as shown, and the fall or
free end of the rope carries a rod G. On the lower end of the rod G a plate g, is held
and forms a seat for a spring H, the upper end of which abuts against a plate p', that
is free to move vertically on the rod G, in response to the tension of the spring and
the pressure of the removable weights I, by means of which weights I, pressure is
exerted on the movable crushing roll A', through the spring H and rope or like
connection F.
The pin D of each set of movable sheaves E', moves in longitudinal slots c, formed
in the sides of the hollow beds C, (see Figure 8) and the said pin D' being fixedly
held to the pillow block B, the weights I, will tend to maintain the roll A³ of said
movable pillow block up to its work in connection with the relatively fixed roll A.
In order to limit the movement of the roll A¹ toward the stationary roll A,
in accordance with the degree of fineness to which the material being operated
upon is to be reduced, I provide adjustable stops J.
Each stop J extends longitudinally of the fixed pillow blocks, through a passage b,
formed in the inner side of said blocks, through an aperture or opening b¹, in the
front of the blocks, and-through-a-suitable guide opening formed in an intermediate:
vertical “lug or projection- Adjacent to the projection 2; at the inner-side-thereof;
the bottom of the pillow block B, is formed with a recess or opening-b-which-
accommodates and holds in place a nut J, through which the threaded portion j
of the adjustable stop J, passes, whereby when the said stop-is turned by means of
the bandle bar J2, or by a wrench, the inner end of the said stop is projected the
desired extent beyond the inner face of the fixed pillow block, to limit the forward
movement of the movable pillow block.
The handle bar J is fitted. in one of the intersecting apertures, formed in the
outer-end-of the-stop-J, and may-be-moved-in said aperture to enable the har to clear
a suitable stop in turning the stop J. The stop may consist of any suitable
block, belt or other device, fixed in such position as to cause it to engage the handle
bar J to prevent the latter from accidentally turning.
The inner end of the stop J. is provided with a squared head J³, as shown, most
clearly in Figures 1 and 9, the head being fitted on the reduced end, of the stop
and held in place by a bolt or screw j', which is secured axially in the end of the
stop J. The heads J rest on the tops of the beds, whereby the said heads will be
prevented from turning with the stops, while being free to respond to the longi-
tudinal movements of the latter.
The stop is also required 10-be adjustable-to-adapt it-to-the-gradual decrease of
the diameter of the rolls by the abrasion of the material operated upon.
As the
The pillow blocks are all formed, in the main, of corresponding construction, with
a view to promoting economy in their manufacture. The movable pillow blocks have
each therefore, an opening b, corresponding to the openings b, in the stationary blocks,
and in the former, said openings are directly in line with the stops J.
stops are of less diameter than the openings, the thrust of the movable blocks is
received by the heads J³ of the stops, by reason of which the effect of the shock is
more or less spent on the head, and the strain on the stop bar and its_threads
is therefore less than if the thrust were received directly by the bar J.
heads J, it will be observed, are formed of comparatively thin metal.
The

page_text: The bearings of the several pillow blocks are formed alike and each consists of the
semi-circular bearings or half boxes 6, provided with the caps B³. The bearing
surface, consists of any suitable lining of Babbitt or composition metal.
The bottom of each cap B' is seated on the projecting ledge 6, of the pillow block,
and is secured to the latter by screws 66, the shanks whereof pass through oblong
slots 67, formed in the bottom of the cap. The upper end of the cap B is bolted to
the vertically-extending upper end 68, of the blocks by a horizontal bolt 6°, which
passes through a bolt hole 610, in the cap. The boxes are however of ordinary form
in the main.
The caps B are filled with waste, and supplied with oil, through the hinged cover,
the upturned lower ends 6", of the caps serving to hold a supply of oil.
The sheet metal housing or covering B of the pillow blocks excludes dirt and dust
from the interior.
In the bottoms of the movable pillow blocks, a short vertical pipe 612, is fitted which
communicates with an orifice ¹³, which leads to the joint between the cap and journal
box, whereby the contacting surfaces of the movable blocks and their beds will be
lubricated by waste oil from said journal box.
Referring particularly to Figures 5 and 6, the sheaves of the tackle are formed of
the two members e, e, which are bolted or riveted together on a transversely-rounded
hub e, in the eye of which is formed a depression e², for receiving a lubricant; a
similar depression or recess e³. being formed in the body portion. Any other suitable
provision may be made for lubricating the sheave.
The sheaves, by this construction are permitted to cant sidewise on their rounded
hubs, and are therefore enabled to accommodate themselves to the lines of strain of
the rope of the tackle, as will readily be understood, whereby the sheaves will be
relieved of much lateral strain.
Owing to the great strain exerted by the weights, this form of sheave it is evident
is specially adapted for its purpose.
In practice, sufficient clearance is allowed between the flanges of the movable
pillow blocks and the sides of the hollow beds, to allow the yielding roll to swing
sufficiently out of line with the stationary roll in response to uneven feeding of the
material, or uneven wear on the rolls.
The above described machine affords a steady and uniform pressure for the rolls,
owing to the indirect application of the pressure, and in addition, should a drill
point, piece of steel, or other like unyielding article or material enter hetween the
rolls, the tension of the spring cushion of the weights will be overcome to a sufficient
extent to cause the spring to yield, and allow the rolls to separate, and pass the
said drill point or other matter, whereas, without the intervention of the spring
cushion, the separation of the rolls might not occur quickly enough to avoid damage,
as the unyielding matter would overcome the spring when it could not immediately
overcome the inertia of the weights.
The drawings show a drive pulley L, for imparting motion to the stationary
roll A, the movable roll receiving its motion from the niaterial. Any other suitable
driving gear may be employed.
I prefer the construction shown, as a lighter or more flexible chain or rope can
be used and less weight is needed, but the number of sheaves, strength of rope, and
amount of weight may be varied as desired, as will readily be understood by
mechanics.
The housing of the sheaves within the hollow beds of the pillow blocks, I find a
very desirable feature in practice.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
1. Crushing rolls constructed and operating, substantially as shown and described.
2. The combination, in crushing apparatus, of crushing rolls, weighted ropes, and

page_text: pulleys movable with the yielding roll and over which the ropes pass, substantially
as described.
3. The combination, with crushing rolls, and with the pillow blocks of the
yielding roll, of pulleys carried thereby, and ropes passing over said pulleys an
provided with weights, substantially as described.
4. The combination, with crushing rolls, of a tackle, one set of the sheaves of
which are movable with the movable roll, weights arranged in connection with the
tackle, and a spring cushion for said weights, substantially as described.
L
5. In crushing rolls, the combination, with the movable rolls, of
tackle COD-
nected with the yielding roll, comprising sheaves movable obliquely to their hubs,
rope rove through said sheaves, a spring seat arranged for connection with the free
end of said rope, and weights seated on said seat, substantially as described.
6. The combination, in crushing rolls, and with the pillow blocks of the yielding
pressure roll, a hollow supporting bed therefor, and a means for exerting pressure
on said roll, of a rope for transmitting the pressure to the roll, said rope extending
from the pillow block, through the hollow bed to the pressure mechanism, substantially
as described.
7. The combination, in crushing rolls, and with the pillow blocks of the yielding
roll, and the hollow bed therefor, of a rope for transmitting the pressure to the said
roll, and fixed and movable sets of sheaves arranged within the hollow bed, and over
which sheaves said rope passes, substantially as described.
8. The combination, in crushing rolls, and with the pillow blocks of the yielding
roll, of weights for exerting pressure on said roll, a spring forming a seat for
said weight, and a rope transmitting the pressure of the weight, substantially as
-described.
9. The combination, with crushing rolls of the character described, of stops for the
yielding roll, consisting of screw rods fitted in the fixed pillow blocks, both ends of
-the-rods-projecting-beyond-said_blocks, and nuts_on_said rods, the nuts being held
-against-rotary movement, substantially as described.
10. The combination, with crushing rolls of the character described, of stops
consisting of screw rods that pass through the pillow blocks of the stationary roll,
and disposed in the direction of the pillow blocks of the yielding roll, and formed
with heads that rest on the bed of the rolls and support the inner free ends of the
-rods,-substantially_as.described.
11. The combination, with crushing rolls of the character described, of stops for
the yielding roll, consisting of screw rods having at their inner ends loosely fitted
heads against which the pillow blocks of the yielding roll contact, said heads being
held to the rods for longitudinal movement therewith, but held against rotary
movement, substantially as described.
Date this roth day of December 1890.
LBIS LOCH day of December
D. BRENNAN, JE.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.