Improvements in Nut and Bolt Locks.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 18th June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 8th Mar., 1895-Accepted, 15th June, 1895
COLECAL
સામ
California, United States of America.]
Improvements in Nut and Bolt Locks.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine,. Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention, which relates to an improvement in nut and bolt locks, is a
further development of a washer which has been hitherto used more especially in
connection with the fish joints employed for uniting the ends of rails on lines of
railway.
Washers of the kind referred to are cut through one side thereof at an angle
leaving two more or less sharp points.
The washer when so cut is spread out into the form of a helix so that when the
nut is tightened against the fish plate one of the sharp points of the washer cuts
into the fish plate itself and the other sharp point cuts into the nut, thereby
preventing the nut from turning backwards by reason of the jar, shaking, tremor
or working of the joint caused by passing trains.
The object of the present improvement is to lock the bolt in addition to locking
the nut, thereby preventing the turning of the bolt whilst also preventing the
turning of the nut. This object is effected by forming the washer with an over-
lapping tail-piece that presses inwardly against the side of the bolt and which as
the nut is tightened up cuts into the surface of the bolt and holds it from being
turned round or becoming unscrewed or turned out of the nut by virtue of wear
and tear, jar, tremor or other causes operating to loosen the bolt.
Although I have described my improvement as being especially applicable to
bolts and nuts used for uniting fish joints of rails used on railways, I wish it to be
further understood that it is applicable to bolts used in girders, bridges or other
structure of iron, steel or timber which are used on railways, ordinary way-bridges
or other iron, steel or timber structures.
Dated this 18th day of June 1894.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Nut and Bolt LocKS.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained, in and by the following
statement:
This invention which relates to a lock for locking bolts as well as the nuts which
are screwed ontó such bolts as are used in making the fish joints or rails used on.

page_text: railways, and other structures, such as bridges, girders and other structures of iron,
steel or timber consists as follows:
The improvement constituting this invention is a further development of a
washer commonly known as Grovers washer which has hitherto been used more
especially in connection with the fish joints employed for uniting the ends of rails
on lines of railway.
Washers of the kind referred to are cut through one side thereof at an angle
leaving two, more or less, sharp points, one of which sharp points cuts into the nut
and prevents it, after being tightened, from being turned back whilst the other end
cuts into the fish plate and the rail joint or other plate against which the washer
may be tightened by screwing up the mut.
The object of my present improvement is to lock the bolt in addition to locking
the nut thereby preventing the turning of the bolt whilst also preventing the
turning of the nut.
The foregoing abject is effected by constructing a washer with an over-lapping
tail-piece or rather with two over-lapping tail-pieces, having inclined surfaces, that
is to say, inclined from the inner side of the washer to its outer side. When the
nut is tightened and presses the open faces of this improved washer constituting
the lock together the inclined face of one of these tail-pieces is pressed down upon
the inclined face of the other tail-piece thereby causing one of these tail-pieces to
be pressed inwards and to cut into the surface of the bolt so as to lock it, thus by
means of my improvement the washer not only performs the function hitherto
performed by Grovers washer but in addition thereto simultaneously locks the bolt.
In order that my invention may be fully understood I have hereunto appended
an explanatory sheet of drawings in which
Figure is a horizontal section through the web of a railway bar and showing
the fish plates on either side thereof with a bolt and nut and my improved washer
or lock applied thereto.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the said washer or lock.
Figure 3 is a plan of the same after being compressed by the nut.
Figure 4 is a transverse section on the line a-a Figure 2 showing the form of
the over-lapping tail-pieces.
Figure 5 is a transverse section through the body of the washer on the line b—b
Figure 3.
In these drawings the web of the rail is marked A, and the two dish plates B—B,
respectively. The bolt uniting the fish plates to the rail is marked C, the nut D,
and the improved washer constituting the nut and the bolt lock E.
As will be seen on reference to Figures 2 and 4 more especially the washer or
lock E, is in its normal state spread out into a helical form so that the over-lapping
terminals thereof stand some distance apart. When the nut D, is tightened down
upon the washer E, constituting my improved lock it presses the upper overlapping
terminale, down upon the lower terminal d, and as the adjacent faces of these
terminals are inclined one towards the other it follows that as the upper terminal e,
is pressed vertically downwards by the tightening action of the nut D, upon the
bolt C, it forces the lower terminal d, inwards into the position shown in plan at
Figure 3 where the vertical edge of the lower inclined terminal of the washer r
lock is shown pressed inwards towards the centre. In this position it will he
obvious that the point or edge d, can be pressed to cut into the side of the bolt to
any desired extent and thereby effectually locking or preventing it being turned
round until the nut D is loosened or screwed off from said bolt. The upper edge
of the terminal e enters the under side of the nut as in the aforesaid Grover
washer.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, 1 declare that what I claim is:
The combined nut and bolt lock consisting of a washer cut through at one side

page_text: spread out helically and having its terminals formed with inclined faces which by
the tightening action of the nut upon the bolt are forced together and by such
forcing action one of these terminals is caused to enter the metal of the bolt while
the other terminal enters the metal of the nut thereby preventing the turning of the
bolt as well as of the turning of the nut in the manner and for the purposes
substantially as set forth.
Dated this 8th day of March 1895
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.