Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Sept.. 1887
Complete Left, 8th May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 8th June, 1888
A communication from abroad by LEVI WILLIAM FIFIELD and ARTHUR IRVING
JACOBS, both of Worcester, in the State of Massachusetts, United States of
America, Shuttle-maker and Machinist respectively.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S. M.I.M.E. of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors 6, Lord Street, Liverpool and 6 Bank Street, Manchester both in
the County of Lancaster & 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
:-
The object of this invention, is to provide a simple, practical and efficient machine
for sewing books in the process of binding; also, to construct and combine the
mechanisms for performing the various functions in the operation of feeding, sewing
and delivering the books, in such a manner as to afford facility of operation and
adjustment; precision of execution; durability, speed and high efficiency in service;
convenience of attendance, and economy in the manufacture and maintenance of the
machinery.
These objects are attained by mechanism, the nature, construction, and operation of
which is illustrated in the drawings and explained in the following description; the
several features of the invention being hereinafter more fully set forth, and the
particular subject matter claimed being hereinafter definitely specified.
In the drawings,
Figure 1 is a plan view of a machine for sewing books, illustrating the features of
the invention.
Figure 2 is a vertical section at line w w in figure 1.
Figure 3 shows the cam for operating the mechanism that carries the strand of
binding wire.
Figure 4 is a front view of the machine.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section through a signature showing the binding wire as
laid therein.

page_text: Figure 6 is a bottom view of the needle-carrier, drawn to larger scale.
Figure 7 is a part front, part section view at one end of the needle-carrier, showing
the gripping jaws open and closed.
Figure 8 is a vertical section through the needle-carrier and cross head at line an
in figure 7.
Figuro 9 is a similar section through the needle-carrier at line y y in figure 7,
showing the cam and guide, with the needle-carrier at forward position.
Figure 10 is a rear view of one end of the needle-carrier.
Figure 11 is a front view of a part of the strand-carrier and the tension devices.
Figure 12 shows front and side of the wire holding and cutting device, separate
from the strand-carrier plate.
Figure 13 is a cross section of the same.
Figure 14 is a vertical section of the tension devices.
Figure 15 is a plan view of the parts shown in figure 11.
Figure 16 is a rear view of the strand-carrier and its supporting bar.
Figure 17 is a vertical section at the line in figure 16.
Figure 18 is a longitudinal sectional view of the signature feeding device.
Figure 19 is a transverso sectional view of the same.
Figure 20 is a side view of the needle and needle-gripping jaws.
Figure 21 is a top view of the needle and section of the gripping jaws.
Figuro 22 shows a portion of the cross-head and comb.
Figure 23 shows a section of the same at line zz in figure 22.
Figure 24 is a view showing the pusher or comb-bar for transferring the signatures
from the ends of the needles onto the bands.
Figure 25 is a detail view of the feed alarm devices.
Figure 26 is a separate view of the tool, or finger, for raising the severed end of the
binding wire through the back of the signature.
Figure 27 is a separate view of the wire cut-off knife.
Figure 28 shows a cut-off and bending tool, both formed on the single attaching
plate, and
Figure 29 is a sectional view of the yielding link for the strand mechanism, drawn
to a larger scale.
In the improved book-sewing machine, the signatures are fed into the machine
upon a reciprocating feeder, composed of upwardly convergent plates, and from
which the signatures are lifted by the strand-carrier, which delivers the strand of
binding wire, and they are securely held in position against a comb or plate having a
series of curved fingers, while the needles are projected through then. Said needles
are operated in connection with a reciprocating carrier or head provided with a series
of gripping fingers, or jaws, that take hold of and release the needles as necessary
for passing them through the work. The binding wire is cut and its ends drawn
through the back of the signature by devices provided for the purpose; and if
desired, mechanism is provided for bending down the ends of the wire upon the back
of the signature. The signatures as they accumulate, are run out along a supporting
table, and are drawn off onto bands, in sections or books of the desired numbers,
suitable mechanism being provided therefor. The construction, arrangement and
operation of the several mechanisms and devices, will be understood from the following
detailed description.
Referring to parts, A donotes a frame of suitable form to properly support the
working mechanism. B indicates a cam-shaft carrying cams and eccentrics, from
which the several working parts derive motion. O indicates the reciprocating carrier
or head, containing the needle holding jaws. D the strand-carrier for delivering and
laying the binding-wire into the signatures. E the cross-bar or supporting bed,
against which the signatures are sustained during the operation of sewing. F the
guiding stop or signature holder for retaining the signatures in position for receiving
the needles while sewing, and G the supporting table upon which the sewed books are
delivered.

page_text: The carrier head C is mounted in horizontal position at the upper part of the frame,
and supported at its sides by suitable guides a, in such a manner as to reciprocate
horizontally, motion being imparted thereto by levers C¹, fulcrumed on the frame at c,
the upper ends of said levers being linked to the carrier C, and their lower ends con-
nected to the arm b of the eccentric strap, which is actuated by eccentrics B¹ and
shaft B. Levers C¹ are employed at the right and left of the machine, so as to give
parallel action to the needle-carrier.
Connected with the head are series of gripping fingers or jaws I, for holding the
needles N. Said jaws are arranged in a front and rear series which alternately grasp
and release the needles at the front and rear of the cross-bar E, as the head
reciprocates past the signature supported adjacent thereto. The jaws are released and
elevated as they pass the comb, and are depressed and gripped onto the needles after
they have passed the position of the comb, in both their forward and backward action;
one set of the jaws grasping the needle while the other is released, and vice versa ;
the needle being held at all times either by one set of jaws or the other. Said gripping
fingers are operated by transverse bars (arranged in the carrier, with their ends
provided with projections and anti-friction rolls that travel in the grooves of cam-
plates or guides a attached to the side frame.
The gripping-jaw fingers are supported in grooves in the carrier-head C, by means
of a series of pins or back-supportors i, and are lifted, opened, depressed, and closed
by means of pins I' fixed in the operating bars C². The lower ends of the grippers, which
project below the carrier C, are grooved across the face to receive the needle, while
their upper ends are heveled on the exterior and hollowed out on the inner surfaces, in
the manner illustrated, so as to form a wedge-shaped opening or space between the
two fingers of the respective pairs, within which space the follower or pin 1' is located.
This opening is somewhat larger than the follower-pin, and the surfaces are curved
or inclined on such lines that they will act, in conjunction with the pin I', to impart
the desired movement to the gripping jaws as the bars C2 which carry the pins I are
raised and depressed. The lower portion of the jaw-fingers is fitted with suitable
bearing surfaces, which rest against and slide upon the back-supporters i, which latter
are fixed to the carrier head. Shoulders are formed on the outer sides of the fingers
that serve to limit their downward movement by contact with the supporters i. Said
shoulders are located so as to stop the fingers when the jaws are at position for seizing
the needle. When the bar C is raised, the jaw-fingers are opened and lifted by the
pin I, and when said bar C is depressed the jaws are depressed and closed for
gripping the needle, the pin I' wedging between the top ends of the fingers, thus
insuring a firm grip. The jaw fingers I can readily be adjusted to different positions
in the carrier-head, for supporting the needles in proper positions to correspond to the
requirements of different sizes of books.
The cain-plates a' are connected with the top of the frame by screws or bolts 2,
and set screws a³ are arranged in the frame to screw down on the top of the cam-
plates, as indicated, so that by turning the screws 6' and a³, said cam-plates can be
adjusted for properly controlling the action of the grippers.
The needles N are made substantially as illustrated in figures 25 and 26; that
portion of the needle beneath the carrier C being preferably of larger diameter
than the backwardly extending shaft n² of the needle, the needle shaft being tapered,
as at n, at or near the position at which the supporting devices leave the signature
upon the needles, when the latter have been passed through them, so that the incline
or taper will serve to carry the signatures backward with the backward movement
of the needles, but will allow the needles to be easily drawn forward through the
signature, since the latter portion n' of the needle is smaller than the part n' by which
the hole in the signature is formed.
The point of the needle is preferably made straight on the lower side, the whole of
the taper being at the top and side as shown at n³. The purpose of this construc-
tion is to cause the needles to readily pass under the binding wire, and to press the
binding wire upward towards the back of the signature as the needlo is forced
through. The needle is provided with an eye n' at or near its rear end, through

page_text: which to thread the cord or tape of which the cross bands N¹ in the back of the books
are formed.
To avoid the possibility of the needles slipping from, or becoming displaced in the
needle-holding jaws I, small notches or depressions n° are provided in the sides of the
needle, and corresponding projections n are provided in the groove or gripping face
of the jaws I, that enter said notches when the jaws close together, and support the
needle in the manner illustrated in figure 21. The notches are preferably made to
off-set at opposite sides of the needle, and the lug n on the jaws is so disposed that
the jaws can be reversed and used at either side of the needle, or in any position in
the carrier; the series of jaw fingers being all of the same pattern and interchange-
able. The teeth and notches not only give a sure grip of the jaws, but also serve to
prevent the rod or needle from rotating out of place.
a
The cross-bar E is fixed in the frame just below the needle-carrier C, and is
provided with an upwardly and backwardly extending lip E' having along its edge
series of indentations or openings e through which the needles pass. Extending along
the back of the bar and supported thereon, is a vertically movable comb or indented
plate F, having upward projecting points which are bent over, backward and down-
ward, forming a series of hooks to receive the back of the signature, and support
it in position while the needles are forced through it. The indentations in the plate F
correspond with those in the bar E.
At the ends of said plate are lifting blocks, grooved or furnished with hooks f',
that work in conjunction with guides or elastic cam-bars F', attached to the under side
of the needle-carrier (, whereby said comb-plate is raised and depressed as the carrier
moves back and forth. The springing action of the cam-bars F¹ accommodates
variations in thickness of different signatures, so that the binding wire w will not be
delivered and supported at the same position in relation to the needles whether the
signature contains a greater or less number of folios or leaves. The form of the cam-
bar F is indicated in figures 6 and 9. Its shape is such that the comb F is
depressed when the needle-carrier C is at backward position; then held at position
while the needles are passing through the signatures and the carrier is advancing over
the bar, and then elevated when the carrier is at forward position, so that as the
carrier starts on its backward movement, the signature is released to be carried
backward on the needles.
The holes and indents in the bar E are preferably made slightly tapering, the better
to sustain and guide the needles.
The strand of binding wire is laid into the back of the signatures by the carrier-
plato D, which is arranged substantially as shown in figures 4, 11, 15, 16, and 17,
and consists of a thin rectangular sheet of steel about one tenth of an inch, more or
less, in thickness, centrally pivoted at d upon a vertically reciprocating support-bar D',
which works up and down below the cross-bar E in such position that the upward
movement will bring the edge of the strand-carrier plate up under the hooks f of the
comb-plate F. A groove is formed along the edges, into which the binding wire is
laid and supported until sewel into the signatures by the needles N. The edge of the
carrier-plate D is indented to corresponded with the indentations in the comb-plate
and to allow space for the passage of the needles under the binding wire.
Small studs s of vulcanized fibre are inserted in the bar D¹, against the ends of
which the rear side of the strand-carrier plate D runs. Said studs sustain the plate
from vibrating, and cause it to run true and accurate, and also serve as anti-friction
bearers, causing the plate to work easy, and obviating the necessity of using oil in
connection with the plate which would soil the paper of the signature.
Upward and downward movement is imparted to the strand carrying mechanism by
means of a lever D³, actuated by the cam B on the shaft B.
An adjustable stop his fixed to the side of the frame to arrest the upward move-
iment of the strand-carrier when at the proper position for the points of the needles to
just pass under the binding wire. Adjustment of this stop permits of the parts being
set to give accuracy in the relation of the binding wire and needles. The lever D' is
connected by a yielding or compressible link D³ (see figure 27) so that when the

page_text: carrier bar (strikes the stop, which arrests its upper movement when the signature
is brought to position against the comb-plate F, the connection can yield and thus
avoid strain on the mechanism. The yielding link D³ in the present instance, consists
of a bolt d telescoping within a tube d with a spiral spring de arranged within
the tube for forcing the bolt upward. A small stud set into the side of the
bolt and playing in a slot in the side of the tube, retains the parts in connection.
The strand-carrier plate is rotated on its pivotal centre as its supporting bars move
downward, by means of an arm H fulcrumed on the pivoting stud à, and provided at
its outer end with a roll H₁ that enters a stationary curved groove or cam H' on the
front of the frame, which imparts movement to said arm in an arc of about a quarter
of a circle. The arm is provided with a spring latch H, which catches into notches d¹
in the side of the strand-carrier plate D, and moves said plate in accordance with the
rotary movement of the arm. The strand-carrier is retained from backward rotation
by a spring latch J, fixed to the supporting bar D', and engaging notches ; at the
back of said carrier. (See figures 16 and 27).
Wire-holding devices K are arranged at the angles of the plate D which are, in the
present instance, constructed as shown in figures 19 and 20, of steel plates riveted
together, one plate being formed with side tongues K', and the other with a centre
tongue K which tongues are disposed in relation to each other as shown, so that the
wire can be drawn in and wedged between them. The tongues K' and K' serve as
holders for the strand, and also act as shears for cutting off and discharging the
pieces of wire when the tongues are pressed together. The edges of the plates K
are beveled, and they are retained in connection with the strand carrier D by setting
them into under-cut grooves or recesses, in the manner shown. (See figures 11
and 13). The strand of binding wire w (which is about No. 36 wire gauge, more or
less) is led from a spool w' and delivered to the carrier-plate D from a guiding and
tension mechanism connected with the supporting bar D₁, and constructed substantially
as shown in figures 11, 14, and 15. The wire passes upward beneath a spring Land
then over a circular grooved guide L', the discharging point of which is turned
outward into line with the groove in the edge of the strand-carrier plate, so that the
wire will be drawn into said groove, and also into the space between the holder-
fingers K¹ and K' when the strand-carrier plate is turned by the action of the arm H.
A set-screw J is provided for regulating the pressure of the spring L upon the wire,
thus adjusting the mechanism for giving moro or less tension as desired.
A plate L, having an inclined inner surface, is attached to the bar D¹ and projects
in front of the guide L', in such manner that the wire holder K passes between said
plate and the outwardly inclined end L of the guide, as the carrier-plate revolves.
The inclined surfaces act upon the tongues K¹ and K², force them together, for cutting
off and discharging the waste piece of wire w³ held between said tongues. A blade L³,
fixed to the bar D below the plate L³ in a position to enter between the tongues Kí
and K2, serves for separating said tongues so that the wire will be drawn into the
space between them to where it will be securely retained by the springing forward of
the tongues when they pass off from the end of the blade.
The device on which the signatures are fed into the machine, consists of two
upwardly converging plates M, arranged with their upper edges adjacent to each other,
and their lower edges attached to bearings m, which respectively run on guide-rods M¹
extending across the machine parallel with each other, and at such distance apart that
the strand carrying mechanism can pass up and down between them. The two plates
are separable or free to spring apart at their upper edges, to allow the edge of the
strand carrier to pass up between them. The guide-rods M extend outward beyond
the side frame, and the feed-plates have a reciprocating movement along said rods
from a position as shown in figure 4, to a position immediately under the overhanging
hooks of the comb-plate. The motion is imparted to the feed-plates by means of a
series of links and levers m², m³, me, and m², actuated from a cam B* mounted on the
shaft B. The bearings m which run on the guide rods M', are preferably provided
with anti-friction bushings, or linings m³ of suitable material, so that they can be
operated without oiling the rods

page_text: The plates M are preferably made of quite thin sheet metal, so as to be light and to
offer as little inertial resistance as practical, and their upper edges are preferably
arranged to spring together, and to separate by flexure of the plates. Said plates
might, in some instances, be arranged to swing apart, or so as to stand at a slight
distance apart, sufficient for the entrance between them of strand carrier plate D when
raised against the comb F.
Attached to the frame A which supports the outer ends of the rods M', is a thin
bar of metal M² (see figures 18 and 19) introduced between and having its upper edge
parallel with and slightly higher than the upper edges of the plates M, and its inner
end terminating at a position near the end of the comb-plate. Said bar serves as a
guide for the signatures. In some instances the bar M' may be omitted, as it is not
essential to the successful operation of the machine, that said tongue should be used,
although we prefer to use it, as it renders the feed mechanisın more substantial and
less subject to vibrations.
An adjustable gauge P is attached to one of the feed-plates M, against which the
head of the signature is placed, to bring it into proper position for receiving the sewing
mechanism. The end of said gauge is provided with light wire springs or fingers Pl
which curve over and rest upon the paper of the signature, giving a slight pressure
to retain the signature from moving or being blown out of place by the movement of
the feed mechanism.
A guide or pulley O is located above the feed-plates, to serve to keep the fold of the
signature down upon the angle of the plates, as they are fed into the machine. Said
guide or roll O is grooved on its face, and is disposed in such relation to the adjacent
top edges of the plate M, as to embrace the fold of the signature as the feed device
moves forward; thereby causing the fold of the signature to take central position
thereon, and confining it in such manner that it will be delivered accurately under the
hooks of the comb-plate F.
Motion is imparted to the cam-shaft B, from the shaft R upon which the driving
pulleys Rare located, by means of gears r and R2. A suitable troadle mechanism
is provided for shifting the belt or operating the clutch to start the machine into
operation.
The table G extends rearward from the head of the machine to any desired distance
parallel with and at such distance below the needles as may be required for conveniently
holding the signatures. The forward end of said table is supported on a vertically
adjustable screw, or standard G¹, mounted on a movable transom A³ that moves back
and forth in guides on the main frame A, and is connected with side frames A¹, the
top bars of which extend parallel with the needles, and are attached to the needle-
carrier C so that said side frames, sliding transom, and table G will all have recipro-
cating movement corresponding to the movement of the carrier and needles. The
rear end of the table is supported by a standard G³ having a vertically adjustable
cap G³ provided with guide ways in which interlocking guide-strips g attached to the
underside of the table are supported, and slide as the table moves back and forth.
Anti-friction rolls may be used in connection with the guides g if desired. By means
of the adjustable standards, the table can be raised or depressed, so that the distance
from the needles to the table will correspond to the width of the signatures.
A pusher or toothed bar T extends across from one of the side frames to the other,
and is provided with long arms t connected to the upper ends of angle levers Ti
fulcrumed on the side frame in the manner indicated, serves for drawing the books of
signatures off from the ends of the needles onto the bands N¹; the bar being lifted up
and its teeth inserted between the books as required. The lower arm of the angle
lever T¹ is connected by a rod T' with a foot treadle T³, so that the force required for
drawing off the books can be imparted by the foot of the attendant pressing down on
said treadle.
Cutters V, which serve for severing the binding wire in the back of the signatures,
are formed as indicated in Figure 21, and are attached to the needle-carrier (so as to
pass transversely through the back of the signature immediately after the points of
the needle have been inserted under said wire, as the carrier moves forward.

page_text: Bending tools X are connected with the carrier C adjacent to the cutters, the points
of which are forced through the signatures for drawing the severed ends of the binding
wire up through the backs of the signatures S, as indicated at X' in Figure 5. These
cutters and benders are in the present instance secured to the carrier by shanks inserted
in suitable openings x in the front bar of the carrier, where they are clamped by set
screws and inserted from the front, as indicated in Figures 6. 7. and 8.
preferred the cutters and benders may be formed on plates or blocks to be screwed to
the front of the carrier; or they may be attached in any suitable manner; their
working blades or points being of equivalent form, to act upon the binding wire in
the manner set forth.
If
A series of openings are formed at intervals along the carrier bar for the cutters V,
benders X, and their set-screws, so that said parts can be adjusted to different
positions, as required, for different sizes of books.
Clinching devices Y are pivoted to the back of the carrier C, which devices are
actuated when the carrier C is moved back to its rearmost position, by an inclined or
cam surface Y', formed on or attached to the frame A for bending down the projecting
ends of the binding wire, drawn up through the back of the signature by the points X.
The form of said devices is indicated in Figure 10. A suitable spring is provided for
returning the clinching devices Y to normal position, when their upper ends are
relieved from the cam surface. In the present instance the spring disposed within
a cavity formed on the inner side of the clinching devices (see Figure 9 and dotted
lines in Figures 8 and 10).
Automatic mechanism is provided for indicating whether or not a binding wire is
in position on the carrier for laying it into the signature. Said mechanism, in the
present instance, consists of a rocker-rod Z supported in bearings on the frame of the
machine, in horizontal position, and furnished at its outer end with a hammer or striker
for sounding the bell Z, and at its inner end with a finger 2 that passes across the edge
of the strand-carrier D, as indicated in full lines Figure 25. Said finger z is pressed
toward the strand-carrier by a suitable spring or weight. If the wire w is in position
on the edge of the strand-carrier, the finger will be held back by said wire, and the
mechanism is unresponsive; but if the wire is absent, then the finger falls into the
indent in the edge of the strand-carrier, as indicated by dotted lines on Figure 25,
and the consequent movement of the rocker causes the striking of the bell Z' which is
attached to the frame A (see Figures 4 and 25). If desired, said finger devices might
be connected for actuating the shipper mechanism and stopping the machine, instead
of sounding a bell.
The operation of this improved book-sewing machine is as follows:-
The folded signatures are placed upon the feed plates M, by opening their central
fold and hanging them across the top edges of said plates, one half on each side
thereof, and the head of the signature being slipped under the spring P¹against the
gauge P. The machine being then started, the feed-plates with the signature thereon
advance to a position beneath the hooks f of the comb-bar F. The strand carrier D
being at the same time elevated, its edge carrying the wire w passes up between the
plates M lays the strand of wire into the fold and forces the signature upward against
the hooks where it is held securely while the feed-plates recede to their first position.
The needle-carrier C moving forward, projects the needles N through the signature,
below the binding wire; and also forces the cutters V through the signature for
severing the wire; while the points ✗ passing under the severed ends raise them
through the back of the signature at a position intermediate between the point of
severance and the outer needle, or band, as indicated in Figure 5. The strand-
carrier D then descends and the comb-bar F is lifted by the spring cams F', releasing
the signature so that it will be carried back on the needles N.
The strand-carrier D as it descends, is rotated by the action of the arm H, bringing
up a side thereof, having a fresh piece of wire to strained thereon into position for the
next signature, and the short piece of wire left in the right hand upper wire holder is
cut in two and thrown off as the holder passes the plate L³, thus clearing said holder
so it can take a new hold on the wire which is continuously led onto the strand carrier,

page_text: through the tension devices, from the spool or coil to¹. This operation is repeated as
the consecutive signatures are placed in position; the signatures crowding each other
along the needles as they accumulate thereon. The attendant as the books are formed,
raises the bar T and places it in front of a book, then by placing his foot upon and
depressing the treadle T³, actuates the lever T2 and forces back the bar T, pushing the
book from the needles onto the bands N', which are drawn into the back of the book
as required, and are then cut off leaving such portions of the band projecting there-
from as may be necessary to connect the book with its cover. The whole operation
being performed in a very rapid, satisfactory and efficient manner.
Dated this 5th day of September 1887.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: respectively.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S. M.I.M.E. of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, 6 Bank Street, Manchester, both in
the County of Lancaster, and 323, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of this invention, is to provide a simple, practical, and efficient machine
for sewing books in the process of binding: Also, to construct and combine the
mechanisms for performing the various functions in the operation of feeding, sewing
and delivering the books, in such a manner as to afford facility of operation and
adjustment, precision of execution, durability, speed and high efficiency in service,
convenience of attendance, and economy in the manufacture and maintenance of the
machinery.
The objects are attained by mechanism, the nature, construction, and operation of
which is illustrated in the drawings and explained in the following description: the
several features of the invention being hereinafter more fully set forth, and the
particular subject matter claimed being hereinafter definitely specified.
In the drawings; filed with provisional Specification.
Figure 1 is a plan view of a machine for sewing books, illustrating the features of
this invention.
Figure 2 is a vertical section at line wo wo in Figure 1.
Figure 3 shows the cam for operating the mechanism that carries the strand of
binding wire.
Figure 4, is a front view of the machine.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section through a signature, showing the binding wire as
laid therein.
Figure 6 is a bottom view of the needle carrier, drawn to larger scale.
Figure 7 is a part front, part section view at one end of the needle carrier, showing
the griping jaws opened and closed.
Figure 8 is a vertical section through the needle carrier and cross head at line xx
in Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a similar section through the needle carrier at line y y in Figure 7,
showing the cam and guide, with the needle carrier at forward position.
Figure 10, is a rear view of one end of the needle carrier.

page_text: Figure 11 is a front view of a part of the strand carrier and the tension devices.
Figure 12 shows front and side of the wire holding and cutting device, separate from
the strand carrier plate.
Figure 13 is a cross section of the same.
Figure 14 is a vertical section of the tension devices.
Figure 15 is a plan view of the parts shown in Figure 11.
Figure 16 is a rear view of the strand carrier and its supporting bar.
Figure 17 is a vertical section at the line v, v,
in Figure 16.
Figure 18 is a longitudinal sectional view of the signature feeding device.
Figure 19 is a transverse sectional view of the same.
Figure 20 is a side view of the needle and needle gripping jaws.
Figure 21 is a top view of the needle and section of the gripping jaws.
Figure 22 shows a portion of the crosshead and comb.
Figure 23 shows a section of the same at line in Figure 22.
Figure 24 is a view showing the pusher or comb bar for transferring the signatures
from the ends of the needles onto the bands.
Figure 25 is a detail view of the feed alarm devices.
Figure 26 is a separate view of the tool, or finger, for raising the severed end of the
binding wire through the back of the signature.
Figure 27 is a separate view of the wire cut off knife.
Figure 28 shows a cut off and bending tool, both formed on the single attaching
plate, and,
Figure 29 is a sectional view of the yielding link for the strand mechanism, drawn
to larger scale.
In the improved book sewing machine, the signatures are fed into the machine
upon a reciprocating feeder, composed of upwardly convergent plates, and from which
the signatures are lifted by the strand carrier, which delivers the strand of binding
wire, and they are securely held in position against a comb or plate having a series of
curved fingers, while the needles are projected through them. Said needles are
operated in connection with a reciprocating carrier or head provided with a series of
gripping fingers or jaws, that take hold of and release the needles as necessary for
passing them through the work. The binding wire is cut and its ends drawn through
the back of the signature by devices provided for the purpose, and if desired,
mechanism is provided for bending down the ends of the wire upon the back of the
signature. The signatures as they accumulate, are run out along a supporting tablo,
and are drawn off onto bands, in sections or books of the desired numbers, suitablo
mechanism being provided therefor. The construction, arrangement and operation
of the several mechanisms and devices, will be understood from the following detailed
description.
Referring to parts, A denotes a frame of suitable form to properly support the
working mechanism. B indicates a cam shaft carrying cams and eccentrics, from
which the several working parts derive motion. Cindicates the reciprocating carrier
or head, containing the needle holding jaws. D the strand carrier for delivering and
laying the binding wire into the signatures. E the cross bar or supporting bed,
against which the signatures are sustained during the operation of sewing. F the
guiding stop, or signature holder for retaining the signatures in position for receiving
the needles while sewing, and G the supporting table upon which the sewed books are
delivered.
The carrier head C is mounted in horizontal position at the upper part of the frame,
and supported at its sides by suitable guides a in such a manner as to reciprocate
horizontally, motion being imparted thereto by levers fulcrumed on the frame at c,
the upper ends of said levers being linked to the carrier C, and their lower ends
connected to the arm 6 of the eccentric strap, which is actuated by eccentrics B' and
shaft B. Levers C¹ are employed at the right and left of the machine, so as to give
parallel action to the needle carrier.
Connected with the head are series of gripping fingers or jaws I for holding the
needles N. Said jaws are arranged in a front and rear series which alternately grasp

page_text: and release the needles at the front and rear of the cross bar E, as the head reciprocates
past the signature supported adjacent thereto. The jaws are released and elevated as
they pass the comb, and are depressed and gripped onto the needles after they have
passed the position of the comb in both their forward and backward action; one set of
the jaws grasping the needle while the other is released, and vice versa, the needle
being held at all times either by one set of jaws or the other. Said gripping fingers
are operated by transverse bars C³ arranged in the carrier, with their ends provided
with projections and anti-friction rolls c that travel in the grooves of cam-plates or
guides a attached to the sido frame.
The gripping-jaw fingers are supported in grooves in the carrier head C by means
of a series of pins or back supporters i, and are lifted, opened, depressed, and closed
by means of pins I fixed in the operating bars C. The lower ends of the grippers,
which project below the carrier C, are grooved across the face to receive the needle,
while their upper ends are beveled on the exterior and hollowed out on the inner
surfaces, in the manner illustrated, so as to form a wedge-shaped opening or space
between the two fingers of the respective pairs, within which space the follower or
pin I' is located. This opening is somewhat larger than the follower pin, and the
surfaces are curved or inclined on such lines that they will act in conjunction with the
pin I, to impart the desired movement to the gripping jaws as the bar C³ which carry
the pins I¹ are raised and depressed. The lower portion of the jaw fingers is fitted
with suitable bearing surfaces which rest against and slide upon the back supporters i,
which latter are fixed to the carrier head. Shoulders are formed on the outer sides of
the fingers that serve to limit their downward movement by contact with the
supporters i. Said shoulders are located so as to stop the fingers when the jaws are
at position for seizing the needle. When the bar C² is raised, the jaw fingers are
opened and lifted by the pin 1', and when said bar C is depressed the jaws
are depressed and closed for gripping the needle, the pin I¹ wedging between the top
ends of the fingers, thus insuring a firm grip. The jaw fingers I can readily be
adjusted to different positions in the carrier head, for supporting the needles in proper
positions to correspond to the requirements of different sizes of books.
The cam plates a¹ are connected with the top of the frame by screws or bolts 6 and
set screws a are arranged in the frame to screw down on the top of the cam plates, as
indicated, so that by turning the screws 6 and a³ said cam plates can be adjusted fo:
properly controlling the action of the grippers.
The needles N are made substantially as illustrated in Figures 25 and 26, that
portion n' of the needle beneath the carrier C being preferably of larger diameter
than the backwardly extending shaft n of the needle, the needle shaft being tapered,
as at n at or near the position at which the supporting devices leave the signature
upon the needles, when the latter have been passed through them, so that the inclin.:
or taper n will serve to carry the signatures backward with the backward movement
of the needles, but will allow the needles to be casily drawn forward through the
signature, since the latter portion n² of the needle is smaller than the part n' by which:
the hole in the signature is formed.
The point of the needle is preferably made straight on the lower side, the whole of
the taper being at the top and side as shown at n. The purpose of this constructio:
is to cause the needles to readily pass under the binding wire, and to press the binding
wire upward towards the back of the signature as the needle is forced through. The
needle is provided with an eye n', ai or near its rear end, through which to threa.
the cord or tape of which the cross bands N' in the back of the books are formed.
"
'
"
To avoid the possibility of the needles slipping from, or becoming displaced in tl
needle holding jaws 1, small notches or depressions n' are provided in the sides of t
needle, and corresponding projections n are provided in the groove or gripping face
of the jaws I that enter said notches when the jaws close together, and support il
needle in the manner illustrated in Figure 21. The notches are preferably made to
5 off-set at opposite sides of the needle, and the lug n on the jaws is so disposed the
the jaws can be reversed and used at either side of the needle, or in any position i
the carrier, the series of jaw fingers being all of the same pattern and interchangeable.

page_text: The teeth and notches not only give a sure grip of the jaws, but also serve to prevent
the rod or needle from rotating out of place.
The cross-bar E is fixed in the frame just below the needle carrier C, and is provided
with an upwardly and backwardly extending lip E¹ having along its edge a series of
indentations or openings e through which the needles pass. Extending along the back
of the bar and supported thereon, is the vertically movable comb or indented plato F,
having upward projecting points which are bent over, backward and downward,
forming a series of hooks f to receive the back of the signature, and to support it in
position while the needles are forced through it. The indentations in the plate F
correspond with those in the bar E.
At the ends of said plate are lifting blocks, grooved or furnished with hooks A, that
work in conjunction with guides or elastic cam bars F¹ attached to the under side of
the needle carrier C, whereby said comb plate is raised and depressed as the carrier
moves back and forth. The springing action of the cam bars F1 accommodates
variations in thickness of different signatures, so that the binding wire w will not
be delivered and supported at the same position in relation to the needles whether the
signature contains a greater or less number of folios or leaves. The form of the cam
bar F¹ is indicated in Figures 6 and 9. Its shape is such that the comb F is depressed
when the needle carrier C is at backward position, then held at position while the
needles are passing through the signatures and the carrier is advancing over the
bar, and then elevated when the carrier is at forward position, so that as the carrier
starts on its backward movement, the signature is released to be carried backward on
the needles.
The holes and indents in the bar E are preferably made slightly tapering, the better
to sustain and guide the needles.
The strand of binding wire is laid into the back of the signatures by the carrier
plate D, which is arranged substantially as shown in Figures 4, 11, 15, 16, and 17, and
consists of a thin rectangular sheet of steel about one tenth of an inch, more or less,
in thickness, centrally pivoted at d upon a vertically reciprocating support bar D¹,
which works up and down below the cross bar E in such position that the upward
movement will bring the edge of the strand carrier plate up under the hooks f of the
comb plate F. A groove is formed along the edges, into which the binding wire is laid
and supported until sewed into the signatures by the needles N. The edge of the
carrier plate D is indented to correspond with the indentations in the comb plate and
to allow space for the passage of the needles under the binding wire.
8
Small studs s of vulcanized fibre are inserted in the bar D¹ against the ends of which
the rear side of the strand carrier plate D runs. Said studs sustain the plate from
vibrating and cause it to run true, and accurate, and also serve as anti-friction
bearers, causing the plate to work easy, and obviating the necessity of nsing oil in
connection with the plate which would soil the paper of the signature.
Upward and downward movement is imparted to the strand carrying mechanism by
means of a lever D' actuated by the cam B on the shaft B.
An adjustable stop h is fixed to the side of the frame to arrest the upward movement
of the strand carrier when at the proper position for the points of the needles
to just pass under the binding wire. Adjustment of this stop permits of the parts
being set to give accuracy in the relation of the binding wire, and needles. The
lever D' is connected by a yielding or compressible link D' (see Figure 27) so that
when the carrier bar C₁ strikes the stop, which arrests its upward movement when the
signature is brought to position against the comb plate F, the connection can yield,
and thus avoid strain on the mechanism. The yielding link D'in the present instance,
consists of a bolt d telescoping within a tube d with a spiral spring d arranged within
the tube for forcing the bolt upward. A small stud d' set into the side of the bolt and
playing in a slot in the side of the tube, retains the parts in connection.
The strand-carrier plate is rotated on its pivotal centre as its supporting bar moves
downward, by means of an arm H fulcrumed on the pivoting stud d, and provided at
its outer end with a roll H¹ that enters a stationary curved groove or cam H³ on the
front of the frame, which imparts movement to said arm in an are of about a quarter

page_text: of a circle. The arm is provided with a spring latch H³ which catches into notches d¹
in the side of the strand carrier plate D, and moves said plate in accordance with the
rotary movement of the arm. The strand carrier is retained from backward rotation
by a spring latch J, fixed to the supporting bar D', and engaging notches ; at the back
of said carrier. (See Figures 16 and 17.)
Wire holding devices K are arranged at the angles of the plate D which are, in the
present instance, constructed as shown in Figures 19 and 20 of steel plates riveted
together, one plate being formed with side tongues K', and the other with a centre
tongue K³, which tongues are disposed in relation to each other as shown, so that
the wire can be drawn in and wedged between them. The tongues K¹ and K³
serve as holders for the strand, and also act as shears for cutting off and discharging
the pieces of wire when the tongues are pressed together. The edges of the plates K
are bevelled, and they are retained in connection with the strand carrier D by setting
them into under cut grooves or recesses, in the manner shown. (See Figures 11
and 13.) The strand of binding wire w (which is about No. 36 wire gauge, more or
less) is led from a spool w¹ and delivered to the carrier plate D from a guiding
and tension mechanism connected with the supporting bar D¹, and constructed
substantially as shown in Figures 11, 14, and 15. The wire passes upward beneath
a spring L and then over a circular grooved guide L', the discharging point 1 of
which is turned outward into line with the groove in the edge of the strand carrier
plate, so that the wire will be drawn into said groove, and also into the space
between the holder fingers K¹ and K2 when the strand carrier plate is turned by
the action of the arm H. A set screw J' is provided for regulating the pressure of the
spring L upon the wire, thus adjusting the mechanism for giving more or less tension
as desired.
A plate L³, having an inclined inner surface, is attached to the bar D¹ and projects
in front of the guide L', in such manner that the wire holder K passes between
said plate and the outwardly inclined end L of the guide, as the carrier plate revolves.
The inclined surfaces act upon the tongues K₁ and K², and force them together, for
cutting off and discharging the waste piece of wire w³ held between said tongues. A
blade L³, fixed to the bar D¹ below the plate L' in a position to enter between the
tongues K and K2, serves for separating said tongues so that the wire will be drawn
into the space between them to where it will be securely retained by the springing
inward of the tongues when they pass off from the end of the blade.
The device on which the signatures are fed into the machine, consists of two
upwardly converging plates M, arranged with their upper edges adjacent to each
other, and their lower edges attached to bearings m, which respectively run on guide
rods M¹ extending across the machine parallel with each other, and at such distance
apart that the strand carrying mechanism can pass up and down between them.
The two plates are separable or free to spring apart at their upper edges, to allow
the edge of the strand carrier to pass up between them. The guide rods M¹ extend
outward beyond the side frame, and the feed plates have a reciprocating movement
along said rods from a position as shown in Figure 4 to a position immediately under
the overhanging hooks of the comb plate. The motion is imparted to the feed
plates by means of a series of links and levers m², m³, m³, and m², actuated from a
cam B mounted on the shaft B. The bearings m which run on the guide
rods M, are preferably provided with antifriction bushings, or linings m² of suitable
material, so that they can be operated without oiling the rods.
The plates M are preferably made of quite thin sheet metal, so as to be light and to
offer as little inertial resistance as practical, and their upper edges are preferably
arranged to spring together, and to separate by flexure of the plates. Said plates
might in some instances, be arranged to swing apart, or so as to stand at a slight
distance apart, sufficient for the entrance between them of strand carrier plate D when
raised against the comb F.
Attached to the frame A' which supports the outer ends of the rods M³, is a thin
bar. of metal M³ (see Figures 18 and 19) introduced between and having its upper

page_text: edge parallel with and slightly higher than the upper edges of the plates M, and its
inner end terminating at a position near the end of the comb plate. Said bar serves
as a guide for the signatures. In some instances the bar M² may be omitted, as it is
not essential to the successful operation of the machine, that said tongue should be
used, although it is preferable to use it, as it renders the feed mechanism more sub-
stantial and less subject to vibrations.
An adjustable gauge P is attached to one of the feed plates M, against which the
head of the signature is placed, to bring it into proper position for receiving the sewing
mechanism. The end of said gauge is provided with light wire springs or fingers P¹
which curve over and rest upon the paper of the signature, giving a slight pressure to
retain the signature from moving or being blown out of place by the movement of the
feed mechanism.
A guide or pulley O is located above the feed plates, to serve to keep the signature
down upon the angle of the plates, as they are fed into the machine. Said guide or
roll O is grooved on its face, and is disposed in such relation to the adjacent top edges
of the plate M, as to embrace the fold of the signature as the feed device moves forward;
thereby causing the fold of the signature to take a central position thereon, and confining
it in such a manner that it will be delivered accurately under the hooks f, of the comb-
plate F.
Motion is imparted to the cam-shaft B, from the
pulleys R¹ are located, by means of gears », and R2.
provided for shifting the belt, or operating the
operation.
shaft R upon which the driving
A suitable treadle mechanism Q is
clutch to start the machine into
The table G extends rearward from the head of the machine to any desired distance
parallel with and at such distance below the needles as may be required for conveniently
holding the signatures. The forward end of said table is supported on a vertically
adjustable screw, or standard G₁, mounted on a moveable transom A that moves back
and forth in guides on the main frame A, and is connected with side frames A¹ the
top bars of which extend parallel with the needles and are attached to the needle
carrier C so that said side frames, sliding transom, and table G, will all have
reciprocating movement correspond to the movement of the carrier and needles. The
rear end of the table is supported by a standard G³, having a vertically adjustable
cap G2 provided with guide ways in which interlocking guide-strips g, attached to the
under side of the table are supported, and slide as the table moves back and forth.
Anti-friction rolls may be used in connection with the guides g, if desired. By means
of the adjustable standards, the table can be raised or depressed, so that the distance
from the needles to the table will correspond to the width of the signatures.
A pusher or toothed bar T extends across from one of the side frames to the other,
and is provided with long arms t, connected to the upper ends of angle levers T¹,
fulcrumed on the side frame in the manner.indicated, serves for drawing the books of
signatures off from the ends of the needles onto the bands N¹; the bar being lifted
up and its teeth inserted between the books as required. The lower arms of the
angle lever T¹ is connected by a rod T' with a foot treadle T³ so that the force
required for drawing off the books can be imparted by the foot of the attendant
pressing down on said treadle.
Cutters V, which serve for severing the binding wire in the back of the signatures,
are formed as indicated in Fig. 21, and are attached to the needle-carrier C so as to
pass transversely through the back of the signature immediately after the points of
the needle have been inserted under said wire, as the carrier moves forward.
Bending tools ✗, are connected with the carrier C, adjacent to the cutters, the
points of which are forced through the signatures for drawing the severed ends of
the binding wire up through the backs of the signatures S, as indicated at X' in
Figure 5. These cutters and benders are in the present instance secured to the
carrier by shanks inserted in suitable openings x, in the front bar of the carrier,
where they are clamped by set-screws and 2 inserted from the front, as indicated
in Figs. 6, 7, and 8. If preferred the cutters and bender may be formed on plates

page_text: or blocks to be screwed to the front of the carrier; or they may be attached in any
suitable manner; their working blades or points being of equivalent form, to act
upon the binding wire in the manner set forth.
A series of openings are formed at intervals along the carrier bar for the cutters V,
benders X, and their set-screws, so that the said parts can be adjusted to different
positions, as required, for different sizes of books.
Clinching devices Y are pivoted to the back of the carrier C, which devices are
actuated when the carrier C is moved back to its rearmost position, by an incline or
cam surface Y', formed on or attached to the frame A for bending down the projecting
ends of the binding wire, drawn up through the back of the signature by points X.
The form of said devices is indicated in Fig. 10. A suitable spring is provided for
returning the clinching devices Y to normal position, when their upper ends are
relieved from the cam surface. In the present instance the spring is disposed within
a cavity formed on the inner side of the clinching devices (see Fig. 9, and dotted
lines in Figs. 8 and 10).
Automatic mechanisin is provided for indicating whether or not a binding wire is
in position on the carrier for laying it onto the signature. Said mechanism, in the
present instance, consists of a rocker-rod Z supported in bearings on the frame of the
machine, in horizontal position, and furnished at its outer end with a hammer or
striker for sounding the bell Z, and at its inner end with a finger z, that passes
across the edge of the strand carrier D, as indicated in full lines Fig. 25. Said
finger z, is pressed toward the strand-carrier by a suitable spring or weight. If the
wire w, is in position on the edge of the strand-carrier, the finger will be held baok
by said wire, and the mechanism is unresponsive; but if the wire is absent, then the
finger falls into the indent in the edge of the strand-carrier, as indicated by dotted
lines on Fig. 25, and the consequent movement of the rocker causes the striking of
the bell Z which is attached to the frame A. (See Figs. 4 and 25.
If desired, said finger devices might be connected for actuating the shipper
mechanism and stopping the machine, instead of sounding a bell.
The operation of the improved book-sewing machine, is as follows:-The folded
signatures are placed upon the feed-plates M, by opening their central fold and
hanging them across the top edges of said plates, one half on each side thereof, and
the head of the signature being slipped under the spring P₁ against the gauge P.
The machine being then started, the feed plates with the signature thereon advance
to a position beneath the hooks, of the comb-bar F. The strand carrier D being at
the same time elevated, its edge carrying the wire w, passes up between the plates M
lays the strand of wire into the fold and forces the signature upward against the
hooks, where it is held securely while the feed plates recede to their first position.
The needle-carrier (), moving forward projects the needles N through the signature,
below the binding wire; and also forces the cutters V through the signature for
severing the wire; while the points X passing under the severed ends raise them through
the back of the signature at a position intermediate between the point of severance
and the outer needle or band as indicated in Fig. 5. The strand carrier D then
descends and the comb-bar F is lifted by the spring cams F³, releasing the signature
so that it will be carried back on the needles N.
The strand-carrier D, as it descends is rotated by the action of the arm H, bringing
up a side thereof having a fresh piece of wire w, strained thereon into position for
the next signature and the short piece of wire left in the right-hand upper wire
holder is cut in two and thrown off as the holder passes the plate Lo, thus clearing said
holder so that it can take a new hold on the wire which is continuously led onto the
strand-carrier through the tension devices from the spool or coil w¹. This operation
is repeated as the consecutive signatures are placed in position; the signatures
crowding each other along the needles as they accumulate thereon. The attendant
as the books are formed, raises the bar T, and places it in front of a book, then by
placing his foot upon and depressing the treadle T3 actuates the lever T and forces
back the bar T pushing the book from the needles onto the bands N', which are drawn
into the back of the book as required and are then cut off leaving such portions of

page_text: the band projecting therefrom as may be necessary to connect the book with its cover.
The whole operation being performed in a very rapid, satisfactory, and efficient
manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The needle-carrier C, provided with front and rear sets of needle-holding
devices, adapted for alternately gripping and releasing the needles, substantially as
described in combination with the needles; devices for supporting the signatures;
and mechanism for imparting motion to said needle-carrier and needle-holding
devices, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The front and rear sets of needle-holding jaws, the jaw operating bars provided
with end-projections or rolls, and the cam-plates a¹, in combination with the needles,
the needle-carrier, the mechanism for supporting signatures, and means for imparting
reciprocative movement to said carrier.
3. In a book sewing machine, a supporting-bar for sustaining the signatures,
having a series of indentations or tapered openings, as e, through which the needles
pass, combined with the needles, and needle-operating mechanisms, for the purposes
set forth.
4. The supporting bed-bar E having a lip or flange with a series of indentations
along its edge, and a moveable plate, as F, supported thereon, having a corresponding
series of indentations with intermediate overhanging hooks f, substantially as described,
combined with the needles and needle operating mechanisms in a book-sewing machine,
for the purpose set forth.
5. The combination, of the signature supporting plate, the presser-comb having a
series of overhanging hooks, the series of needles, a reciprocating needle-carrier
provided with needle-gripping devices, adapted to alternately seize and hold the
needlo, and to release the needle while passing the position of the signature-supporting
plate and presser, substantially as set forth.
6. The curvod bars or cam-plates F¹, in combination with the presser-comb F
provided with lugs or spokes f¹ engaging said cam plates, the indented support-bar E,
and needle-carrier C, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
7. The needle N, constructed as described, with the forward portion n', of greater
diameter of wire than the extended shaft n or portion towards the eye, the diameter
being reduced at n; in combination, with the mechanisms for supporting signatures,
and a reciprocating needle-carrier provided with needle gripping devices substantially
as shown and for the purpose set forth.
8. The needle N having the depressions n', at respectively off-setting positions on
the opposite sides thereof, in combination with the gripping jaws I having projections n°
disposed thereon substantially as shown and for the purpose set forth.
9. A needle having its point made straight upon one side, and its taper or bevel
wholly at the opposite, and lateral sides, whereby when said needle is inserted through
the signature beneath the binding strand, said strand is pressed into the fold of the
signature, substantially as set forth in combination, with a strand-carrier having
facilities for supporting a binding strand along the fold of the signature, and a bar
or presser by which the signature is retained thereon, as described.
10. The strand-carrier-plate D mounted upon a moveable support having reci-
procative action to and from the sewing-bed and needle carrier, and means for
intermittently rotating said plate on its axial centre, in combination with the needles,
needle-carrying mechanism, and signature-supporting devices, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
11. The combination, of the comb-plate F, provided with overhanging points f, the
vertically moveable strand-carrier or wire-delivering plate D, the indented cross-
head E, the needle-carrier C having front and rear sets of needle gripping jaws, and
the needles N, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
12. In a book-sewing machine, a signature-feeding device composed of separable

page_text: convergent plates disposed with their top edges adjacent to each other, and adapted
to permit the passage between them of a strand-carrier whereby the binding wire is
supported and delivered into the fold of the signatures, parallel therewith, sub-
stantially as set forth; in combination with guides whereon said feeding device is
moved to and from the sewing mechanism, and means for imparting reciprocative
action thereto, for the purposes set forth.
13. The combination, of a movable strand-carrier-plate, having means for
supporting a binding-wire on the edge thereof, a signature-feeding device composed
of upwardly convergent plates separable at their adjacent top edges to allow the
passage of the wire-carrying plate to the fold of the signature, and a guard or comb
bar having overhanging hooks, against which the signature is retained by said strand-
carrier while securing the binding wire by insertion of the needles and bands,
substantially as set forth.
14. The combination, substantially as described, of a rotatable strand-carrier or
wire-supporting plate, supported on a vertically reciprocating carrying bar, the guard
or comb-plate attached to a stationary indented cross-head, a horizontally reci-
procating needle-carrier provided with needles and needle-gripping devices, and a
laterally reciprocating feed device, for conveying the signatures to a position between
said strand-carrier and comb-plate, for the purposes set forth.
15. The combination, of the reciprocating needle-carrier provided with devices for
alternately gripping and releasing the needle, the indented cross-bar E, the presser-
comb F, the rotating strand-carrier plate D mounted on a vertically reciprocating
support, the reciprocating feed-plates M mounted on guides at the front and rear of
said strand carrier, and the band-carrying needles N, and means, as described, for
imparting motion to said mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
16. The combination, with the wire supporting plate or strand-carrier supported
upon a reciprocating support-bar, of tension and guiding devices for the strand of
binding wire, connected with said reciprocating support, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
17. The combination with the sewing devices in a book sewing machine, of a
strand-carrier D having facilities for supporting the binding strand along its edge,
an intermittently actuated arm and connections for rotatively advancing said carrier,
and a catching device for preventing backward rotation, and for retaining said carrier
at position for properly delivering the binding strand into the fold of the signature,
substantially as set forth.
18. The crank or arm H, provided with a spring-latch H³, and projecting roll H',
in combination, with the strand-carrier-plate D, mounted on the reciprocating
support-bar, and provided with notches d', and the stationary curved guiding cam H³,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
19. In a book-sewing machine, the combination, with the strand-carrier-plate, of a
wire holding device comprising means for both holding and cutting off the wire held
thereby.
20. In a book-sewing machine, the combination, of a strand-carrier provided at its
angles with wire-holding devices K having oppositely shearing tongues K' and K³,
means for imparting rotative action to said strand-carrier, and a compressing-device
by which said tongues are engaged and pressed together when rotation of the strand-
carrier-plate is effected, thereby cutting the wire, substantially as set forth.
21. In a book sewing machine, the combination, with the strand-carrier D, provided
with the wire-holding cutters K, at the angles thereof, means for rotating said
strand-carrier, and pressing device adapted for closing together the tongues of said
cutters, of a blade for opening the cutter-tongues, a guide for directing the wire
between said tongues and into the carrier-groove, and a spring for giving tension on
the wire, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
22. The combination, in a book-sewing machine, having a reciprocating signature-
feeding device, composed of convergent surfaces over which the fold of the signaturo
is placed, of a grooved guide, or roller, as O, for confining the signature in position
thereon substantially as set forth.

page_text: 23. The gauge P provided with overhanging spring-fingers F¹, in combination
with the reciprocating signature-feeding-device, composed of upwardly converging
plates M, and the sewing and strand-carrying mechanisms, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.
24. The cutters V, combined with the needle carrier C, comb plate F, and indented
cross-bar E, and means for reciprocating said needle-carrier for the purposes
set forth.
25. The combination, with a wire-supporting plate having means for delivering a
binding wire into the back fold of the signatures, and a series of band-carrying
needles, of a cutter for severing the wire within the back of the signature, and a
bending tool for drawing the severed end of the wire outward through the back of the
signature fold, substantially as set forth.
26. The combination in a book-sewing machine having a wire-cutting blade V, and
a bending-hook for raising the severed end of the binding wire through the back of
the signature, and means substantially as described for operating said bending-hook
and cutting-blade, of a clinching mechanism adapted for turning the raised end of the
wire backward and downward upon the outside of the signature, substantially as
hereinbefore set forth.
27. The clinching finger Y and the incline or cam Y₁, in combination with the
reciprocating needle-carrier C, carrying the needles N, wire cutting blade V, and
bender X, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
28. The adjustable table-supporting standard G', mounted on the sliding transom A*,
and the side frames A¹ connected with said transom and needle carrier, in combination
with the reciprocating needle-carrier C, the needles N, and the table G, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
29. The combination, with the strand-carrier D and its reciprocating supporting
bar D', of the operating cam B2, the lever D' and the yielding connection D³,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
30. The adjustable controlling cams a', and the adjusting screws a³, a³, in com-
bination with the needle-carrier C, needle-grippers I, and gripper-operating bars C³,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
31. In combination, with sewing mechanism and signature-holding devices in a
book-sewing machine of the reciprocating signature-feeding device M and its guide
rods M', provided with the sliding bearings or bushings m² made of vulcanized fibre,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
32. The combination, with the needles in a book-sewing machine of a push bar
transversely disposed in relation to said needles and adapted to be entered between
the books of signatures strung upon said needles for transferring said books of
signatures from the needles to the bands therein, substantially as set forth.
33. The combination in a book-sewing machine of the indented strand-carrier or
supporting plate D, the rocker Z having the finger z, and striker arm and the bell Z¹
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
34. The combination with the needles N, side frames A' and tables G, of the
pusher-bar T, the angle lever T¹ the connecting rod T2, and the treadle T³, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
Agents for the Applicant.