IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Adams, of Downs Park Road, Hackney, in the
County of Middlesex, and James Cleminson, of Westminster Chambers,
Victoria Street, Westminster, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Adams and James
Cleminson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd July
1879.
WILLIAM ADAMS, of Downs Park Road, Hackney, in the County of Middlesex, and
JAMES CLEMINSON, of Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street, Westminster, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES."
Our Invention has reference to the constructing and arranging locomotive engines
so as to improve their powers of adhesion and hauling, and render them better able
to ascend inclines and travel round curves than when constructed and arranged as
heretofore usual. For these purposes we impart to such engines flexibility, laterally
and vertically, as bereinafter described. One arrangement is as follows:-The
engine is provided with a four wheeled bogie truck at one end, a two wheeled bogie
or pony truck at the other end, and four or other convenient number of coupled or
The
traction wheels arranged intermediately between the said bogie trucks.
central pair or pairs of coupled or traction wheels where more than four are
In
employed and their axles are made capable of movement in a lateral sense.
combination with the engine frame two wheeled bogie coupled or traction wheels
and their springs, we employ equalizing levers which we so construct and arrange as
that their leverage may be automatically adjusted as their positions are effected or
varied by inequalities of the road, and that the effects of such inequalities may be
distributed and equalized more efficaciously throughout the engine than has
hitherto been the practice. The transverse springs of the two wheeled bogie are fitted
with hoops or buckles having trunnions seated in a frame capable of vertical and
swivelling motions. This frame supportsa transverse equalizing lever, whose ends
are connected by links to adjacent longitudinal equalizing levers. The ends of the
transverse bearing springs are attached to T shaped links, the upper ends of which
rest upon a bar or beam which extends from one axle box to another, and rests in

page_text: a suitable recess in such wise that the weight transmitted through the said T shaped
links shall be cast upon the central portions of the axle boxes, notwithstanding
variations in the angles of the said links. Equalizing levers are applied between
all the pairs or series of bearing springs so as to distribute strains resulting from
inequalities in the road, as aforesaid.
In a modification of the foregoing arrangement we substitute a two wheeled bogie
with balancing levers for the four wheeled bogie above referred to.
It is to be remarked that our improvements may be used in combination or
otherwise, and the mode of carrying them out in practice may be varied to suit
circumstances. Various constructions of bogie trucks may be employed, and in
some cases radiating axles may be substituted for the two wheeled bogie truck.
The central pair or pairs of coupled or traction wheels and their axles may be
rendered capable of lateral movement as described in various ways, as by providing
play transversely between the axle boxes and engine frame, or arranging the
journals of the axles to slide laterally within the axle boxes or by a combination of
these arrangements. This part of our Invention is applicable to engines constructed
with pony trucks, as also to engines having no bogie trucks, or which have all their
wheels coupled.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Adams and James Cleminson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 2nd January 1880.
WILLIAM ADAMS, of Downs Park Road, Hackney, in the County of Middlesex,
and JAMES CLEMINSON, of Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street, Westminster, in
the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES."
Our Invention has reference to the constructing and arranging locomotive engines
so as to improve their powers of adhesion and hauling, and render them better able
to ascend inclines and travel round curves than when constructed and arranged as
heretofore usual. For these purposes we impart to such engines flexibility, laterally
and vertically, as hereinafter described. One arrangement is as follows:-
The engine is provided with a four wheeled bogie truck at one end, a two
wheeled bogie or pony truck at the other end, and four or other convenient number
of coupled or traction wheel arranged intermediately between the said bogie trucks.
In combination with the engine frame, two-wheeled bogie, coupled or traction
wheels, and their springs we employ oqualizing levers, which we so construct and
arrange as that their leverage may be automatically adjusted as their positions are
affected or varied by inequalities of the road, and that the effects of such inequali-
ties may be distributed and equalized more efficiently throughout the engine than
has bitherto been the practice. The transverse springs of the two wheeled bogie
are fitted with hoops or buckles having trunnions seated in a frame or guide
bracket capable of vertical and swivelling motions. This frame supports a trans-
verse equalizing lever, whose ends are connected by links to adjacent longitudinal
equalizing levers.
The ends of the transverse bearing springs are in some cases attached to T-shaped
links, the upper ends of which rest upon a bar or beam, which extends from one

page_text: axle box to another, and rests in a suitable recess in suchwise that the weight
transmitted through the said T-shaped links shall be cast upon the central por-
tions of the axle boxes, notwithstanding variations in the angles of the said links.
Equalizing levers are applied between all the pairs or series of bearing springs, so
as to distribute strains resulting from inequalities in the road as aforesaid. Refer-
ring to Sheet 1 of the Drawings, Fig. 1 shows in outline side elevation an engine on
the plan above referred to, but with the ends of the transverse bearing springs of
the two-wheeled bogie or pony truck attached to ordinary jointed links; Fig. 2 is
an outline plan of the frame with wheels and axles; Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view
of the two-wheeled bogie or pony truck; Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively a side view
and plan of one of the equalizing levers to a larger scale, and shewing our method
of construction and arrangement, whereby we dispense with the pins ordinarily
employed as fulcra for such levers; Fig. 6 shews the modification of two-wheeled
bogie or pony truck wherein the ends of the transverse springs are attached to
T-shaped links arranged and applied as above mentioned.
1 is the engine frame; 2, the four-wheeled bogie truck: 3, the two wheeled
bogie or pony truck; 4, 4, are the coupled or traction wheels arranged inter-
mediately between the bogie trucks; 5, 5*, are the springs of the coupled or
traction wheels; 5ª, 5b, equalizing levers; and 6, 6, the springs of the two-wheeled
bogie or pony truck; these springs 6 are fitted with hoops or buckles 7, having
trunnions 8 sented in a frame or guide bracket 9, capable of vertical and swivelling
motions in the frame 1, and the frame or guide bracket 9 supports the transverse
equalizing lever 10, whose ends are connected by links 11 to the adjacent equalizing
levers 5b. The transverse equalizing lever 10 and its seat are constructed and
arranged as hereinafter described with reference to the longitudinal equalizing
lever illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5. In order that the leverage of the equalizing
levers 5, 5b, may be automatically adjusted we construct and arrange them as
illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, where it will be seen the bearing surface of the lever
is of a rounded shape at 12, and the bracket or seat 13 therefore is straight, or a
like result may be attained by making the part 12 of the lever straight, and
rounding the bracket or seat 13, or the juxtaposed parts of the lever and seat may
be made convex in directions opposed to each other.
In some cases we interpose equalizing levers between the springs 14 of the
four-wheeled bogie truck 2, and the springs 5 of the adjacent pair of coupled
wheels, as indicated by dotted lines 15, in Fig. 1.
Referring to Fig. 6 the ends of the transverse bearing springs 6 are attachod
to T-shaped links 16, the upper ends of which rest upon a bar or beam 17,
which extends from the one axle box 18 to the other, and rests in a recess 19,
as shewn, so that the weight transmitted through the said T-shaped links shall,
as already stated, be cast upon the central portions of the axle boxes, notwith-
standing variations in the angles of the said links.
In some cases we substitute a two-wheeled bogie with balancing levers for
the four wheeled bogie above referred to, and such a modification is illustrated
on Sheet 2 of the Drawings, where Fig. 7 is an outline side elevation of an engine.
Fig. 8 is an outline plan of the frame with wheels and axles; and Fig. 9 is a
cross sectional view of one of the two wheeled bogie or pony trucks.
The bogie or pony trucks in this arrangement differ somewhat in construction
froin those shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 6. In the present case the spring 0 of each
two-wheeled bogie, or pony truck rests upon the tops of the two axle boxes 18, 18,
and is fitted with a hoop or buckle 7, whose upper surface is concaved to a spherical
form, and receives a correspondingly formed part 20* of an inverted U-shaped
suspended link 20, so as to allow for radiation of the axle when travelling round
curves, the lower extremities or arms of the link 20 being connected by a pin to
the guide bracket 0, on the upper end of which is the transverse equalizing lever
or beam 10, which, with its seat, is constructed and arranged as described with
reference to the longitudinal equalizing lever 12, illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5.

page_text: By the foregoing arrangement greater range of lateral movement is allowed to
the pony truck than is afforded by the ordinary arrangement.
In constructing, according to our Invention, engines having (like that illu-
strated in Figs. 7 and 8) more than four coupled or traction wheels interposed
between the bogie trucks, wo make the central pair or pairs of such wheels
capable of movement in a lateral sense. This may be effected in various ways, as
by providing play transversely between the axle boxes and engine frame, or
arranging the journals of the axles to slide laterally within the axle boxes, or by
combination of these arrangements as illustrated in Fig. 10, where 21 is the journal;
22, the axle box; 23 are the horn blocks; and 1 is the engine frame. This is
applicable also to engines having no bogie trucks or which have all their wheels
coupled.
It is to be remarked that our improvements may be used in combination or
otherwise, and the mode of carrying them out in practice may be varied to suit
circumstances.
Various constructions of bogie truck may be employed, and in some cases radiating
axles may be substituted for the two-wheeled bogie trucks in connection with our
system of balancing levers.
Having described the nature of our said Invention, and explained the manner of
carrying it into practical effect, we would have it understood that we make no
general claim to the use of equalizing levers in locomotive engines, but what we
consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as secured to us under the
Letters Patent hereinbefore in part recited is,—
1. The method of compensating the springs of the bogie truck or trucks, as well
as those of the coupled or traction wheels, by connecting them through equalizing
levers, substantially as described.
2. The arrangement in combination of the frame or guide bracket 9, transverse
equalizing lever 10, and springs 6, mounted with trunnions in the said frame or
guide bracket, all substantially as shewn in and described with reference to Figs 1, 2,
and 3, and Fig. 6 of the Drawings.
3. Constructing and arranging the equalizing levers and their seats, substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 4 and 5 of the Drawings.
4. Arranging a locomotive engine with a four wheeled bogie truck at one end, a
two-wheeled bogie truck at the other end, intermediate coupled or traction wheels,
and equalizing levers connecting the springs of the bogic, and coupled or traction
wheels, all substantially as shewn in and described with reference to Figs. 1, 2,
and 3 of the Drawings.
5. The method of transmitting the weight of the central portions of the axle
boxes in a two-wheeled bogie or pony trucks by a cross bar interposed between the
axle boxes and T-shaped links supporting the spring or springs, substantially as
described.
.
6. In a locomotive engine wherein the springs of the pony trucks are connected
through equalizing levers with the springs of the coupled or traction wheels,
arranging such pony trucks, equalizing levers, and springs, substantially as described
with reference to Figs. 7, 8, and 9 of the Drawings, whether the engine be con-
structed with six or other number of coupled or traction wheels.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Adams and James Cleminson, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Second day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.