IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINES FOR COOKING AND FIRE-PLACES
Year: 1801

page_text: STRATTON'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
STRATTON,, of Blackfriars Road, in the Parish of St George's, Southwark,
in the County of Surry, Ironmonger, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain and Ireland,
bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-sixth day of June, in the forty-first
year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said George Stratton, His
especial license, that I, the said George Stratton, during the term of years therein
mentioned, should and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick upon Tweed, my Invention in "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINES FOR COOKING AND FIRE-PLACES;" in which said Letters
Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said George Stratton, by
an instrument in writing under my hand & seal, to cause a particular descrip-
tion of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within one calendar month after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as
in and by the same, relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Stratton, in compliance with
and performance of the said proviso, in the said in part recited Letters Patent
contained, do by this instrument under my hand and seal, particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of my said Inventions, and how the same are to be
performed, by the explanations, Drawings, and references herein contained and
set forth (that is to say) :-

page_text: Whereas in the most general method of constructing the fire-places of coppers
or boilers, there is a very considerable quantity of heat which escapes under the
bottom of the copper by causing the heat to expand round its sides, by which
means the most considerable portion of heat is lost, and the sides of the copper
presently become injured by the action of the fire, while the bottom which is
the better able to bear it remains totally unimpaired. In order to remedy this
inconvenience, I construct and erect the fire-places of coppers in the following
manner Figure 1, A, is the construction of a dish to contain the fire, of the
most convenient shape, to which is annexed the feeding pipe B, the front of
which is made. to project sufficiently to be about even with the front of the
brickwork. The dish and feeding pipe may be cast or made in one piece or
wrought together in a workmanlike method. Figure 2 is a perspective view
of the bed and stops; C, C, the bed; D, D, D, D, the stops, the two front stops
being shewn broken off for the more perfect inspection; in the centre of the bed
is seen the dish A, sunk within it, but resting on the bed by its rim. The bed
and stops may be made in one or more pieces, as occasion or size of boiler may
require. Figure 3, E shews the section of a copper resting on the bed and
stops, with its bottom directly over its portion of the dish, and also exhibits the
erection of the brickwork for its support, the space being left for chimney as
usual; F, the door of the feeding pipe; G, the door of the ash hole; H, H,
are regulaters in the doors of both, which admit air to the fire in proportion as
they are more or less open. The dish, feeding pipe, bed, and stops may be
made of iron, brick, stone, or any eligible composition. Figure 4 shews the
copper completely erected.
The advantages of this method of constructing the fire-places for boilers, &c.
are at once obvious, the heat arising immediately out of the dish under the
copper, &c., and spreading itself in every direction of the bed betwixt the stops
on all parts of the boiler or copper, consequently gives it the liberty of acting
with its greatest force. By this method any quantity of liquor according to the
size of the boiler or copper may be heated in a very small portion of time to
those in general use; and, consequently, with only a proportion of fuel to the
time of heating, which would have but little effective heat on the copper by
the general method of construction of other fire-places.
The second part of my Inventions consists in very material improvements in
the construction of the smoke-jack, by which improvements all filth and soot
intirely excluded from the interior parts, and a constant supply of oil is kept
within it without any trouble or inconvenience whatsoever. See Figure 5.
A is the fly of the smoke jack. B is a worm which rests on a step a, and turns
in a pivot or top carriage b, which gives motion to the main wheel C and

page_text: spindle and pulleys D, which turn on two rollers or small friction wheels E, E,
inclosed in a friction box in the oil supplyer. F is the oil supplyer, being a
cast iron or metal box, with a square portion of it in front left vacant to fill up
with a plate of glass C, to shew the height or quantity and quality of the oil
within it. G is a strong tube of iron or other metal, each end being made firm'
to each box, consequently, as the oil supplyer is more or less supplied with
oil it will furnish the main wheel box with an equal height of oil as is seen
in the oil supplyer thro' the glass. His a small spring fixed upon the top of
which is supplied
the standard I, the other end resting on the top carriage
with oil by the main wheel when turned, leaving a portion on the spring which
immediately runs down the spring to the worm in the top carriage. K is a
latch for the convenience of shifting the pulleys and spindle when not in use
for roasting. The whole of the main wheel box is then completely closed,
leaving a small collar for the spindle to work in, by which method every possible
filth or soot is entirely excluded from the interior work of the jack; and con-
sequently a constant supply of pure oil is kept at once in every part. Figure 6
shews the construction of a double jack upon the same principle: A, the spindle
as coming directly thro' the centre of the chimney into the friction box, on
which is fixed a toothed or pinion wheel B, which works in a horizontal tooth
wheel C, as seen in Figure 8, which horizontal wheel turns two perpendicular
tooth or pinion wheels, the one opposite the other, which are fixed upon and
turn the spindle and pullies, which turn on rollers in a friction box fixed in the
oil supplyer, as before described. D, D, the tubes connected from the centre
box to the two side boxes. Figure 7 is to shew a method of connection of the
cross tubes one within each other for the regular supply of oil in each box at the
same time, or any other method of the like nature which I adopt as most
convenient. Figure 8 is merely to shew the method of roasting by the
horizontal wheel at the same time the spindle wheels are going round or
not, as occasion may require. The third part of my Invention applies to the
heating of upper and other rooms in houses from the kitchen range or other
fire-place or chimnies by means of pure air conveying itself thro' a tube or
aperture, and receiving heat while passing the back or sides of the chimney.
Figure 9 is the section of a chimney with part of a house to shew its operation;
A, A, A, the tube or aperture commencing on the outside of the house and,
continuing its course underneath the floor or other convenient part till it arrives
to the back or side of the chimnies or fire-places, or the air may be conveyed
above the fire from the back wall, &c. as at
B is a section of a
kitchen grate or range, the tube A running directly in close connexion to the
back of the range or grate, and rising perpendicular up the back wall of the
C
.