Sulphite Cellulose in Beton Bollers.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 7th June, 1886.
Complete Left, 3rd Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 6th May, 1887.
Sulphite Cellulose in Beton Bollers.
I LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH K.G.V. Civil Engineer and Proprietor of the Patent
Industrial and Financial Agency 30 Finsbury Pavement London E.C. do hereby
declare the nature of said invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS AND APPARATUS
FOR MANUFACTURING SULPHITE CELLULOSE IN BETON BOILERS " to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to manufacture Sulfite Cellulose in a quicker cheaper
and more effectual manner in beton boilers by the indirect application of steam for
heating in a specially arranged heater.
The beton boiler is a fixed vertical cylinder composed of masonry and cement, (of
acid resisting quality) enclosed in a leaden mantle, enclosed in a thick coating of beton
the whole being bound together by iron bands, and screws connecting a crown, and
base plate, of sheet iron; each being provided with a cast iron man hole.
The heater consists of 3 double copper cylinders with cast iron lead lined covers,
placed horizontally one above the other. Connecting pipes. permit the circulation of
the boiling liquid upwards into the boilers containing the material to be operated upon.
Steam from a separate boiler circulates round these cylinders by means of the outer
jackets which communicate by short tubes; or instead of double cylinders the steam
may pass by a series of copper tubes through the heater.
Dated this 5th day of June 1886

page_text: Sulphite Cellulose in Beton Bollers.
I, LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH, Crosby Hall Chambers, London E.C. Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING SULFITE CELLULOSE IN BETON
"
BOILERS a communication to me from abroad by Heinrich Schnurmann Director
and Gotthold Closs, Engineer in Unterkochen, Würtemberg and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The boiler, shewn in figure 1 of the accompanying drawi..gs, for the manufacture
of sulphite cellulose, is a vertical and fixed cylinder, the diameter of which is
about 3,2 meters and 8 meters height in the clear to allow the reception of great
quantities of wood that the process of boiling may be undertaken so as to influence
the bleaching of the substance without having any bad influence on the solidity of
the fibre. On the contrary the substance will be entirely disintegrated, the matter
becoming soft and tender offering greater facility to felt.
The outer-mantle of the boiler consists of a sufficiently strong wall of beton, a,
framed round by iron-bands. On the inner side of this beton-mantle is fixed a leaden-
case 6 of about 6 millimeters thickness, lining the whole interior of the boiler and
ending at the two man-holes, the upper one of which is used as charging-hole, the
lower as discharging-hole.
The inner lining, c, of the hoiler, inside the leaden-case, consists of masonry, the
stones of mortar or cement of which being capable of resisting the action of acids.
To receive the inner vertical pressure, caps, h, are applied at the top and bottom of
the boiler and provided with man-holes, 2, the caps h being fixed upon annular
plates, p, enclosing the front of the boiler. These latter are, on their circumference
joined by strong anchor-screws, S, which are to be passed through immured gas-pipes
from top to bottom and screwed by a key in the usual manner. The inner masonry, c,
while strengthening the boiler, forms an insulating bed, so that the leaden-mantle, b,
behind, will not be subjected to any perceptible dilation of temperature, whereby
fissures are totally avoided in the leaden-case. The same is the case with the
beton-mantle.
This kind of boiler has the advantage that losses of heat would be reduced to a
minimum and the sulphurous acid cannot touch the ironparts in any way.
The boiling of the wood will be done by means of indirect steam heating (that is to

page_text: say, the steam from the steam-boiler used to the heating is not allowed to mix itself
with the solution in the boiler) by means of special constructed apparatus for heating
and circulation on the outside of the boiler, as shewn in figures 2 and 3, consisting of
a system of tubes, figure 2, or a system of 3 double-cylinders, one above the other,
and that the application of one or the other depends upon the space available.
Besides the heating, this apparatus will effect rapid circulation of the boiling liquid,
by which alone it will be possible to produce throughout the whole of the boiler a
homogeneous product.
The apparatus illustrated in figure 2 consists of 3 cylinders, D, made from steel or
copper, and provided with covers, D', of cast-iron, which are screwed on, and which
have a lead-lining. These 3 cylinders are joined to each other by two arch-pipes, B, to
allow the boiling liquid to circulate, each surrounded by an iron-mantle, M, which is
fastened to the copper-cylinder at its cover by flanged rings, . The iron-inantles, M,
which surround the copper-cylinders, are also in connexion with each other by
upright tubes, y, so that the fresh-steam, used for heating, and admitted at m,
surrounds all the 3 copper-cylinders, whilst the condensing water escapes by an
outlet-channel at n.
Instead of this apparatus, the one illustrated in figure 3 and consisting of tubes
supplied from a boiler can be used. The boiler K of iron-plate is protected against
the action of acid by an inner leaden-mantle K', 3 millimeter thick, and within it a
case of masonry L. On one side the boiler has a round man-hole, upon which a
double cover, d, divided into two chambers, can be screwed steam tight. In this
cover are set copper-tubes e, figure 4, curved so, that the chambers R and R', which
are separated by a shelf, are joined by the copper-tubes. Steam entering one
chamber R will pass the copper-tubes and reach the other R. Both the covers, d,
are joined to each other by means of one and the same inlet tube, O, and also by one
and the same outlet tube O'. The condensed water is drawn off by a delivery tube.
Both the boilers are in junction by an upright tube g. The boiling liquid enters at f,
and escapes at . The bottom of the double-cover, as shewn in figure 5 and in which
the tubes are inserted, consists of bronze, whilst all other parts being made of iron
and leaded only at such parts, which may come in contact with the acid. The cover
together with the system of tubes can be taken out and is provided with carrying
rollers g to allow the cleansing of the tubes after each boiling.
copper-
The heater is placed under the boiler, as shown in figures 6 and 7 and the boiling
liquid enters into the boiler from below through the valve V and pipe 1, and heated
there by the fresh steam, surrounding the 3 copper cylinders, or passing the
tubes, and rises from thence by pipes 3 and 4, through the valve V2 and the pipe 5
upwards. This circulation will continue as long as the boiling liquid possesses the
required temperature. Only one boiler being at the time at work, the other one can
be shut off at F.
"
This heater can also be applied to horizontal boilers, as shewn in figures 8 and 9,
representing a Mitscherlich" boiler, in which the direction of the circulation can be
reversed. The boiling liquid enters into the apparatus through the open valve V₁,
the valve V being shut, and pipe 1 and heated there, and rises from thence by pipe 2,
the valve V, the valve V being shut, pipes 3 and 4, valve V and pipe 5 upwards
into the boiler; or, if valves V and V are shut, but the valve Ve open, the solution
can enter in opposite direction by the pipe 2 into the apparatus and rise, when
valve V be shut, by valve V, pipes 6 and 7, valve V³ and the pipe 8 upwards into
the boiler. The cutting off of the one or the other boiler, can be arranged as before
mentioned.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is
1°) The boiler made from beton, a, leaden-case, b, and masonry lining c, framed
round by iron bands a' and provided with cans -with man-holes h² fastoned

page_text: 2°) The heating and circulating apparatus, consisting of cylinders D with caps D¹,
mantles M and connecting pipes B, inlet and outlet channels m and n and upright
tubes y.
3°) The heating and circulating apparatus, consisting of the mantle K in combi-
nation with the leaden-case K¹ and masonry L, and covers d provided with copper
tubes inlet and outlet channel i, and upright tubes g.
4°) The application of the above described heating and circulating apparatus to
horizontal boilers, as well as to Mitscherlich's boilers, substantially as herein before
described and illustrated in the drawings.