IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR POLISHING YARNS OR THREADS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Spence, of 8, Quality Court, Chancery
"
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR POLISHING YARNS OR THREADS.”
A communication from abroad by Sixte Pierre Villain, of Paris, in the
T
& Thongs Mechanical Engineer.
Sealed the 9th August 1870, and dated the 12th February 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Spence at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th February 1870.
I, WILLIAM SPENCE, of 8, Quality Court, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR POLISHING YARNS OR
THREADS," (being a communication to me from abroad by Sixte Pierre
Villain, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Mechanical Engineer,) to be
as follows:-
-
This Invention relates to a machine for polishing yarns or threads of
flax, cotton, or other fibrous substances of whatever colour, and whether

page_text: coarse or fine, and consists in the employment of rubbers or polishers
arranged in such a manner as to support the yarns or threads and give
them the required friction, thereby increasing the work produced by the
machine with less expenditure of driving power. The yarns or threads
when polished are delivered on to a frame with steps and a vertical drum
which completes the polishing machine. The yarns or threads are fed
into the machine by a pair of feed rollers, whence they pass into a
trough containing the preparation, and under a fixed guide, and over a
kind of doctor roller in another trough. The yarns or threads, to which
is imparted an oscillating movement in a transverse direction, are thence
passed through a series of revolving cylindrical brushes, whereof the
upper brushes are mounted in adjustable bearings. The travel of the
yarns or threads is regulated by means of a cone, which regulates the
speed at the beginning and the end of the bobbin, and this is a
peculiarity in the present machine. The drum and mechanism for
taking up the yarns or threads when polished are set in motion by a
pulley on the axle of the cone. The rubbing or polishing is given to the
yarns or threads in such a manner as to cause them to be always in a
state of tension in passing from the feed rollers, and this admits of fine
numbers being treated. The taking up mechanism is placed at the end
of that for polishing, and consists of a frame formed in steps in order to
carry a series of vertical spindles resting on sockets and guided by collars.
These spindles (say, to the number of one hundred) are driven by a
vertical drum, on the axle of which is fixed a pulley, which is set in
motion by a band from the pulley of the cone above referred to. The
brackets or supports for the thread guides are fixed on vertical columns
(one on each side of the apparatus), which are raised and lowered as
required by means of excentrics for the purpose of laying the yarns or
threads evenly on the bobbins.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of February; in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Spence, Her special licence
that I, the said William Spence, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William. Spence, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times, thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for “Improvements in MACHINES FOR
POLISHING, YARNS OR THREADS," being a communication to me from abroad.
by Sixte Pierre Villain, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Mechanical
Engineer, upon the condition: (amongst others) that I, the said William.
Spence, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly.
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Spence, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawings. hereunto.
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to.
say):-
This Invention of "Improvements in Machines for Polishing Yarns
or Threads," relates to a machine for polishing yarns or threads of flax,
cotton, or other fibrous substances of whatever colour, and whether
coarse or fine, and consists in the employment of rubbers or polishers.
arranged in such a manner as to support the yarns or threads, and give
them the required friction, thereby increasing the work produced by the.
machine with less expenditure of driving power. The yarns or threads.
when polished are delivered on to a frame with steps and a vertical drum,
which completes the polishing machine.. The arrangement of the
mechanism for the purpose will be readily understood by reference to the
accompanying Drawings, and to the following description thereof,

page_text: Fig. 1 is a longitudinal elevation partly in section of the polishing
machine working a hundred threads at a time; Fig. 2 represents an end
view of the frame or mechanism adapted to take up the polished threads,
and which is a complement to the preceding machine.
In Fig. 1 A is the frame of the machine, at the upper part of which
are arranged the feed rollers B and B', behind these rollers there is a
trough C containing the preparation; another trough C¹ has in it a sort
of doctor roller. The yarns or threads x, which receive an oscillating
movement by means of the traverse G, pass between a series of cylin-
drical rubbers or brushes D, the axes of which are mounted on sliding
pieces E; F are the cushions for the lower cylinders. The cylindrical
rubbers or brushes D are set in motion by straps passing over the
pulleys H.
I is the main shaft which carries the pulley J; the cone K
serves to regulate the travel of the yarns or threads by regulating the
speed at the commencement as well as at the end of the bobbin, which
is a novel feature in the present machine; the feed rollers are driven by
the inclined shaft L; M is a guide strap for the cone K, and N is the
mechanism for driving the toothed rack. The pulley O fixed on the
shaft of the cone K serves to put in motion the drum of the taking-up
frame, herein-after described. It is to be observed that the seventh
roller D serves to soften and finish the polishing of the yarns or threads.
The arrangement of the machine admits of the employment of an eighth
roller when required. The rubbings are given to the yarns or threads in
such a manner that as these pass out from the feed rollers they may be
always stretched, and it is this arrangement which admits of fine
numbers being treated. The direction of the yarns or threads in passing
from the feed rollers, even to the feeding of the spindles of the taking-up
frame, allows the attendant readily to watch all the yarns or threads.
The taking-up frame or mechanism represented in Fig. 2, which is
placed immediately at the end of the polishing machine, is composed of
a frame P forming steps to receive the series of spindles Y which rest on
sockets Z', and which are guided by collars Z. These spindles to the
number of one hundred are driven by the vertical drum Q mounted on
the axle R which carries the pulley S driven by the strap coming from
the pulley O of the polishing machine. The column W, to which is
connected the supports of the thread guides, is put in motion to raise

page_text: and lower and place the yarns or threads on the bobbins by the
excentric V, and in order to preserve the required parallelism there is
an excentric and a column on each side of the apparatus. These
excentrics receive their motion from the shaft R by means of the bevil
wheels T, T
In the Drawing and foregoing description there has been shewn as
illustration a polishing machine and delivering frame capable of
working one hundred yarns or threads at a time, but the Invention is not
limited to such number nor to the precise forms of the parts of the
machines.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention communicated
to me from abroad as aforesaid, and the manner in which the same is to
be carried into effect, I hereby declare that what I claim as of the
Invention is, the arrangement of the cylindrical rubbers or brushes,
whereby they are enabled to be driven at a suitable speed, and the
combination of the said rubbers or brushes and the mechanism for
driving them with the spindles for taking up and winding the yarns or
threads, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Spence, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Sixth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
W. A. JACKSON,
8, Quality Court,
Chancery Lane, W.C.
WILLIAM SPENCE. (L.s.)