Improvements in Adjustable Spanners and Wrenches.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Oct., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 13th June, 1890-Accepted, 19th July, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Adjustable Spanners and Wrenches.
We CHARLES ALBERT MILLER and FREDERICK JOHN MILLER both of Miller Street
in the City of Birmingham Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates, to a double-headed adjustable spanner, consisting essentially
of a movable jaw at one end, and a fixed frame spanner, with an adjustable slide at
the other end, so that by rotating or turning a centrally and inwardly disposed wheel
or milled turn working within a transverse hole, in the body part, the adjustable ends,
are opened or closed.
In carrying out our invention as applied to a spanner we make the upper half of
the body part, solid, and with a rectangular shaped hole directed axially down its
middle, whilst the lower part, which constitutes the handle or grip of the spanner is
made in the form of a flat frame, with a sliding jaw working within it.
The top and movable jaw, is carried by a rectangular shaped stem, which passes
throngh, and works within, the like shaped hole in upper part of the body, and with
its end, which is screwed for some distance from its bottom, comes within the gap of
the frame, and when rivetted or otherwise affixed to the slide jaw, the said slide top
jaw, and stem with screw at its lower end, move together; so that, the distance between
the top jaw and the slide jaw, always remains constant.
Situated within a cross gap, of the lower portion of the upper part as aforesaid,
and crossing the hole wherein the stem works, is a cross gap, wherein a screw-nut,
wheel, or milled turn works, and through the screwed eye or middle of which the
screw of the stem passes.
The fixed jaw, of the upper head, is formed, by extending outwardly the upper
part of the body which is made alike in shape to the movable jaw above it.
The lower inside part of the gap of the frame is made V shaped, and with the
underside of the slide jaw, also made with a small V shaped rear, so that the sliding
to and fro of the said jaw within the frame a hexagonal nut admits embraced.
As the upper jaw, and slide jaw move together, the rotation of the nut or milled
wheel, adjusts both top and bottom jaws at once.
The slide jaw is made of two parts and the opposite inside boundary edges of the
frame are made V shaped upon which the like opposite V shaped edge of the slide
jaw works.
The adjustment, and moving of the two jaws together, may be adapted to take
different sized nuts.
The frame part of the spanner, is made flat, alike unto a middle pierced plate with
an adjustable slide jaw working within it.
Our invention is applicable to wrenches, as well as spanners, or a combined wrench,
and spanners.
Dated this 1st day of October 1889.
CHARLES ALBERT MILLER.
FREDERICK JOHN MILLER.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Adjustable Spanners and, Wrenches.
We, CHARLES ALBERT MILLER and FREDERICK JOHN MILLER both of Miller
Street in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to adjustable double-headed or double-ended spanners, and
consists in combining with an open-mouthed, or open entrance spanner, a closed
mouthed, or closed-ended one.
"
Thus, the open end, which is alike unto that of an ordinary spanner, can be used
for general purposes, whilst the closed end, which is made in the form of an open
frame, with a slide-jaw working within it, may be employed for both general purposes,
and in getting at nuts in confined positions.
The closed and frame end, is made plate-like, in order to admit of the same being
introduced between parts lying close or adjacent to each other.
In this said arrangement, both jaws travel at the same rate of motion, consequent
upon them being coupled together by an intervening stem.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing represents in side elevation, a double headed,
or double ended adjustable spanner, constructed and arranged according to our said
invention. It will be seen, that the mouth or entrance at one end is open, and the
other closed. The former is provided with a moveable jaw, moving relatively with
respect to a fixed one, whilst the other is a slide-jaw, moving within a frame.
Figure 2 represents a side elevation of the said spanner.
Figure 3 the spanner partly in longitudinal vertical section, and partly in elevation,
showing how the stem, which connects the open end with the closed
one, slides
within a hole, made up the middle of the solid of the metal of the handle part of the
spanner.
Figure 4 represents a transverse longitudinal section, upon the dotted lines A B
figure 3.
Figure 5 is a transverse section on the dotted lines CD figure 1.
Figure 6 is a like section on the dotted lines E F of the said figure, whilst figure 7
is also a like section, upon the doited lines G H of the said figure 1.
Figure 8 shows a side and edge view of the stem and jaw of the open end of the
spanner.
.
Figure 9 represents the segments of the slide-jaw, disposed on the opposite sides
of the cross section of the frame.
Figure 10 represents the moveable parts of the spanner, and with the stem made
uniform in diameter, from end to end, and with the screw threads, for the working of
the same, cut upon the angles or opposite sides of the slide-jaw end of it.
is the jaw of the open end, carried at the summit, or end of a flat or rectangular
shaped stem a, whose lower end a³, is formed into a wormed, stalk, to the end, of
which, a slide-jaw b, is connected, so that the sliding or change of position of the
'stem within a flat or rectangular shaped hole c², of the solid part of the body of
the spanner, creates a corresponding or like opening or closing of both the jaws at the
open end, and the slide-jaw at the closed end; and which said closed end, consists of
a rectangular shaped frame c³, at the end of the body part, opposite to that carrying
the fixed jaw c..
The slide jaw b, is made in segments, (see figure 9) and has its opposite ends made
V shape, which take upon like V.shaped opposite inside boundary edges c³, of the
space c, of the frame e, as aforesaid.
Surrounding the wormed stalk a³, and disposed within the opening or gap c7, of the
body c, of the spanner, is a screw box, wheel, or nut d, which on being rotated,
traverses or reciprocates the combined stem and stalk, and with them the jaws, which
are opened and closed in like proportions, or remain at a constant distance with respect
to each other.

page_text: Thus, the turning of the nut, wheel, or screw-box d, in one or other directions,
opens or closes both jaws, through the intervention of the stem and stalk connecting
them together.
In figure 10, the stem a, is made of uniform diameter, from end to end, and with
the end a³, adjacent to the slide-jaw, wormed upon its opposite edges or angles.
Both ends of the spanner, are adapted to take hexagonal shaped nuts, whilst the
open end is adapted to take also square shaped nuts.
The frame end c³, may be made to take any shaped nuts, as desired, by changing
its inside boundary edge, with or without changing the sharpe of the acting end of the
slide-jaw.
Both ends of the spanner, as represented, are adapted to take a like sized nut,
but we wish it to be understood, that the jaws of the said ends, may be arranged to
take different sized nuts. In this case, the one jaw or slide, would be made to open
to a greater extent than that of the other:
We do not particularly confine ourselves to the employment of a screw-box, wheel,
or nut d, for the opening and closing of the jaws, as the same may be performed by
other means.
The application of our invention to wrenches, differs in no essential respect to that
of a spanner as herein described and set forth.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
First: A double-headed, or double-ended adjustable spanner, in which one head,
or one end is open, or made jaw-like, whilst the other end is closed, or made frame-
like, with a slide-jaw, working within the said frame, which is preferably
narrower than that of the other part of the spanner, substantially as described and set
forth.
Secondly-A double-ended, or a double-headed adjustable spanner, having an
open mouth or end, and a closed mouth or end, with the movable jaws, or adjustable
parts, united together by an intervening stem, which slides within a hole made in the
solid part of the spanner, substantially as described and set forth.
Thirdly-The improvements in adjustable double-headed, or double-ended spanners,
or wrenches, substantially as described and set forth.
CHARLES ALBERT MILLER.
FREDERICK JOHN MILLER.
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.