Kinds, such as Torpedo Boats, Fish Torpedoes, and others.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 21st Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 24th Feb., 1888
433333
Kinds, such as Torpedo Boats, Fish Torpedoes, and others.
We, GRAYDON POORE, of 49, Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London,.Civil
Engineer, and WILLIAM CAMPER STOREY, of 13, Regent Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Naval Architect, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows :-
This invention has for objects to enable a submarino vessel, torpedo, mine or the
like, hereinafter called a submarine vessel, to automatically maintain a horizontal
position or state of equilibrium when desired whether it be at rest or in motion
notwithstanding displacement of weights within the vessel such as would otherwise
interfere with the stability of the vessel; to enable a submarine vessel to be raised or
lowered to any required depth on an even keel; and to enable the vessel to auto-
matically rise in the event of her reaching a greater depth than she can safely bear.
According to this invention we employ the pressure of the water in which the
submarine vessel is submerged and which varies with the depth of submersion, to act
through suitable apparatus for attaining the objects herein-before mentioned.
For maintaining a submarine vessel in a horizontal position or state of equilibrium,
we arrange at or near each end of the vessel, a chamber containing a piston, plunger,
or diaphragm, one side of which is in free communication with the water in which
the vessel is submerged. The pistons, plungers, or diaphragms are connected with
each other and with a valve by any suitable means, mechanical, electrical, or other.
The arrangement is such that when one end of the vessel is submerged lower than the
other owing to displacement of internal weights or other cause, the difference of
water pressure on the said pistons, plungers, or diaphragms, due to the difference in
depth of their submersion, will automatically operate one or other of the said pistons,
plungers, or diaphragms and the connected valve, and cause fluid under pressure to
pass towards one or other end of the vessel and restore it to a horizontal position or
State of equilibrium.
The fluid under pressure may act as movable ballast and by its weight alter the
trim of the vessel; or it may operate pistons or other suitable means arranged at

page_text: opposite sides of the vessel's midship section, for varying the displacement of one or
other end of the vessel as desired, or for altering the position of the centre of gravity
of the vessel.
To enable a submarine vessel to be raised or lowered on an even keel and to be
caused to assume a given depth, we employ a piston, plunger, or diaphragm that is in
free communication at one side with the external water. The other side of this
piston is connected, by suitable means such as a rod, to a graduated lever with
adjustable balance weight or spring, and also by other means such as a bar or lever
pivotted to the said rod, to a valve or valves that controls or control the passage of
motive fluid to apparatus for altering the specific weight or the total displacement of
the vessel as well as the relative displacement of its two end portions or the locality of
its centre of gravity. One arm of the bar or lever in the arrangement described is
connected to a weighted pendulum rod or equivalent employed for determining the
horizontality of the vessel; the other arm or arms of the bar or lever is or are
connected with the valve or valves just mentioned. By adjusting the weight on the
graduated lever, or by altering the tension of the spring, the vessel may be set to fall
or rise to any desired depths. The bar or lever will be caused at all times to remain
in the same position with reference to a horizontal or vertical plane, notwithstanding
change in the horizontality or in the position of the vessel by reason of its connection
with the weighted pendulum rod, and will in consequence suitably distribute the
motive fluid to the apparatus hereinbefore referred to for the purposes mentioned.
For the purpose of preventing a submarine vessel descending beyond a safe depth
we employ a piston or equivalent means in free communication at one side with the
external water, and connected at its other side with an adjustable counterbalanced
lever or equivalent and with means such that when the vessel has reached the lowest
depth to which it may safely descend, a volume of water or other weight or ballast is
suddenly released, or the displacement of the vessel increased, and the vessel thus
caused to rapidly rise to the surface, or to a safe depth.
Tinted this 21st day of March 1887
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: Kinds, such as Torpedo Boats, Fish Torpedoes, and others.
We, GRAYDON POORE, of 49, Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London, Civil
Engineer, and WILLIAM CAMPER STOREY, of 13, Regent Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Naval Architect, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for objects to enable a submarine vessel, torpedo, mine or the
like, hereinafter called a submarine vessel to automatically maintain a horizontal
position or state of equilibrium when desired whether it be at rest or in motion
notwithstanding displacement of weights within the vessel such as would otherwise
interfere with the stability of the vessel; to enable a submarine vessel to be raised or
lowered to any required depth on an even keel; and to enable the vessel to
automatically rise in the event of her reaching a greater depth than she can safely
bear.
According to this invention we employ the pressure of the water in which the
submarine vessel is submerged, and which varies with the depth of submersion, to
act through suitable apparatus for attaining the objects hereinbefore mentioned.
And in order that the nature of this invention and the manner of performing it
may be clearly understood we proceed to explain the same by aid of the annexed
sheet of illustrative drawings in which-
Fig. 1 shows in central longitudinal vertical section parts of a submarine vessel
embodying features of this invention.
Fig. 2 is a detailed view showing apparatus for discharging water from the vessel
as hereinafter described.
For maintaining a submarine vessel 1 in a horizontal position or state of equilibrium,
we arrange at or near each end of the vessel a chamber 2 containing a piston 3 or a
plunger or diaphragm one side of which is in free communication with the water in
which the vessel is submerged. The pistons, plungers or diaphragms are connected
with each other and with valves 4 by any suitable means mechanical electrical
or other.
In the example illustrated each piston 3 is connected by a rod 5 to one arm 6 of a
lever pivoted at 7 and whose other arm 8 is connected by a chain 9 with the corre
sponding arm 8 of the other lever, as also with one arm 10 of a double bell crank
lever pivoted at 11. The two arms 12 of this lever are connected each to the lever of
one of the valves 4 as shown.
The arrangement as will be seen is such that when one end of the vessel is
submerged lower than the other owing to displacement of internal weights or other
cause the difference of water pressure on the said pistons 3 or plungers or diaphragms
due to the difference in depth of their submersion will automatically operate one or

page_text: other of the said pistons, plungers or diaphragms and the connected valves, and will
cause fluid under pressure (from a pump 13) to pass towards one or other end of the
vessel and restore it to a horizontal position or state of equilibrium. The fluid under
pressure may act as moveable ballast, and by its weight alter the trim of the vessel;
or it may operate pistons or other suitable means arranged at opposite sides of the
vessels midship section, for varying the displacement of one or other end of the
vessel as desired, or for altering the position of the centre of gravity of the vessel.
According to the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings, the water under
pressure that flows past each valve is conveyed by a pipe 14 to apparatus as follows,
of which there is one near each end of the vessel.
A cylinder of two diameters has its part of smaller diameter 15 in communication
with the pipe 14 and its part of larger diameter 16 in communication by pipe 17 with
the exterior of the vessel. The cylinder contains a smaller piston 18 and a larger
piston 19 these being connected by a rod 20. The valves 4 are three-way cocks, each
having a connection by a pipe 21 with a tank 22 in the vessel 1.
When water under pressure flows past one of the valves 4 by one of the pipes 14
to one of the cylinders the pistons of that cylinder move outward and force out of the
vessel water from the larger part 16 of such cylinder. At the same time the pressure
behind the smaller piston 18 of the other cylinder being reduced the pressure of
water external to the vessel overcomes the resistance of the pistons in that cylinder
which accordingly recede and admit water from without the vessel into the larger
part of such cylinder, and vice versa.
To enable a submarine vessel to be raised or lowered on an even keel and to be
caused to assume a given depth we employ a piston, plunger or diaphragm that is in
free communication at one side with the external water. In Fig. 1 a piston 23 is
shown. The other side of this piston is connected, by suitable means such as a rod 24
to a graduated lever 25 with adjustable balance weight 26 or spring and also by other
means such as a bar or lever 27 pivoted to the said lever 25 to a valve or valves that
controls or control the passage of motive fluid to apparatus for altering the specific
weight or the total displacement of the vessel as well as the relative displacement of
its two end portions or the locality of its centre of gravity.
In the arrangement illustrated the piston 23 is connected to the valves 4 through
the double bell crank lever 10-12 hereinbefore mentioned. As a modification one
arm of the bell crank lever 10-12 might be connected to a weighted pendulum rod
or equivalent employed for determining the horizontality of the vessel instead of being
connected to and operated by the pistons 3; the other arm or arms of the said lever
being connected with the valves just mentioned. By adjusting the weight on the
graduated lever or by altering the tension of the spring where a spring is used the
vessel may be set to fall or rise to any desired depth. The bar or lever may be caused
at all times to remain in the same position with reference to a horizontal or vertical
plane, notwithstanding changes in the position of the vessel or departure from
horizontality by reason of its connection with the weighted pendulum rod and will in
consequence suitably distribute the motive fluid to the apparatus herein before
mentioned to actuate the pistons thereof for the purposes mentioned. For the
purpose of preventing a submarine vessel descending beyond a safe depth we employ
a piston or equivalent means in free communication at one side with the external
water and connected at its other side with an adjustable counterbalanced lever or
equivalent and with means such that when the vessel has reached the lowest depth
to which it may safely be allowed to descend, a volume of water or other weight or
ballast is suddenly released or the displacement of the vessel increased, and the vessel
thus caused to rapidly rise to the surface, or to a safe depth. This part of the
invention is illustrated by Fig. 2 of the annexed drawings.
28 is a cylinder in which is a piston 29 whose rod 30 is connected to one arm 31 of
the weighted lever of a valve 32 which controls a pipe 33 through which when the
valve opens water under pressure may pass from a steam boiler to the exterior of the
vessel. The inner end of cylinder 28 is open to the atmosphere. Thus it will be
understood that the position of the piston 29 in its cylinder 28 will vary with the

page_text: pressure of water behind the piston, which will depend upon the depth of submersion
of the vessel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
1. For the purpose of keeping a submarine vessel horizontal apparatus substantially
as described and comprising cylinders furnished with pistons plungers or diaphragms
connected with a valve or valves whereby passage of fluid under pressure is controlled
so as to alter the relative weights of liquid carried in different portions of the vessel
as above set forth, whether by discharging water from the vessel at one part and
admitting water at another part or otherwise.
2. Apparatus substantially as described for enabling a submarine vessel to be
raised or lowered on an even keel (or with its axis horizontal) and to be caused to
assume a desired depth in the water.
3. For the purpose of preventing a submarine vessel descending beyond a safe
depth apparatus substantially as described whereby when the vessel has reached a
given depth for which the apparatus has been set a volume of water or other weight
or ballast is suddenly released or the displacement of the vessel increased.
4. In a submarine vessel apparatus applied and arranged substantially as shewn in
the drawings and described with reference thereto for the purposes specified.
hay of December 1001.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicants.