"AN ENTIRELY NEW MACHINE, WHICH I DENOMINATED AN EQUALINUM, TO BE APPLIED TO AND USED WITH ROLLERS, WHEELS, OR ANY OTHER INSTRUMENTS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF PREPARING AND SPINNING OF FLAX, HEMP, Tow, WOOL, JERSEY HAIR, OR ANY OTHER ANIMAL, VEGETABLE, OR FOSSIL SUBSTANCE, INTO YARN OR THREAD
Year: 1793

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DANIEL
DAKEYNE, of Knabb House, in the Parish of Darley, in the County of Derby,
Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS I, the said Daniel Dakeyne, did, by my Petition, humbly
represent to His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, that
I, after much study, labour, and expence, had invented, contrived, constructed,
and brought to perfection "AN ENTIRELY NEW MACHINE, WHICH I DENOMINATED
AN EQUALINUM, TO BE APPLIED TO AND USED WITH ROLLERS, WHEELS, OR ANY OTHER
INSTRUMENTS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF PREPARING AND SPINNING OF FLAX, HEMP,
Tow, WOOL, JERSEY HAIR, OR ANY OTHER ANIMAL, VEGETABLE, OR FOSSIL
SUBSTANCE, INTO YARN OR THREAD;" which Invention I conceived would be of
great public utility, and that I was the first and true inventor, contriver, and
constructor thereof, and that the same was never made or used by any other
person or persons whomsoever, to the best of my knowledge or belief;: I
therefore most humbly prayed that His said Majesty would be most graciously
pleased to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, His
Majesty's Royal Letters Patent for the sole making, using, vending, and
selling my said Invention within that part of His said Majesty's Kingdom of
Great Britain called England, His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, and also in His Colonies and Plantations abroad, for the term of
fourteen years, according to the Statute in that case made and provided, His
said Majesty being willing to give encouragement to all arts and inventions
which might be for the public good, was graciously pleased to condescend to
my request, and therefor, by His Royal Letters Patent, bearing date at West-
minster, the Sixteenth day of September, in the thirty-third year of His reign,
of His especial grace, certain knowledge, and meer motion, did give and grant

page_text: unto me, the said Daniel Dakeyne, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
His special licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority, that I, tho said
Daniel Dakeyne, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and every of us, by
myself and themselves, or by mine and their deputy or deputies, servants or
agents, or such others as I, the said Daniel Dakeyne,.my executors, adminis-
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter, during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and vend my said Invention within
that part of His said Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in His Colonies
and Plantations abroad, in such manner as to me, the said Daniel Dakeyne, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or any of us, should in our discretions
seem meet; and that I, the said Daniel Dakeyne, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should and lawfully might have and enjoy tho whole profit, benefit,
commodity, and advantage from 'tinic to time coming, growing, accruing, and
arising by reason of the said Invention, for and during the term of years
therein mentioned, to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy 'the said licence, powers,
priviledges, and advantages therein before granted or mentioned to be granted
unto me, the said Daniel Dakeyne, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
for and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the date of
the said Letters Patent next and immediately ensuing, and 'fully to be compleat
and ended according to the Statute in such case made and provided: "in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that if 1, the said Daniel
Dakeyne, should not particulary describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what muuner the same is to be performed, by an instrument
in writing, under my hand and seal, and "cause the same to be inrolled in His
suid Majesty's High Court of Chancery, within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that 'then the said
Letters Patent, and all 'liberties' and advantages whatsoever thereby granteil,
should 'utterly cease, determine, and become void, any thing therein. before
contained to the contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding, as in and by the
said Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had, inay more fully and 'at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Daniel Dakeyne, 'in' compliance with the
said proviso, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of 'iny said 'Invention,
and declare that the Plan thereof, drawn in 'the inargin of these-Presents, 'is
composed of the following particulars (that is to say):-
7.
No. 1 consists of needles, pins, or fine wires, fixed. in a piece of brass,'iron
pewter, leatlier, wood, bone, or any other inctal or material of sufficient

page_text: hardness to retain the needles, pins, or fine wires, guarded on two sides
thereof by the metal or material continuing as high as the needles, pins, or
fine wires, which sides serve to keep it steady in the hollow socket or case,
No. 2, in which No. 1 rises and falls. a is a hole through which a wire chain
or strap of leather, band, or catgut passes, which assists in raising and taking
down No. 1 in the socket or case No. 2.
No. 2 is a hollow case or socket, in which No. 1 rises and falls, with two
flanches at its base, by which it is fastened to two wires, chains, lists, or straps
of leather, which carry it round when applied as described in No. 4. C is a
grove which arches over the bar No. 3, and serves to keep No. 2 steady when
sliding from a to 6 of the said bar.
No. 3 is a bar of iron, brass, pewter, bone, or wood, fastened to a board or
plate of metal, when applied as described in No. 4, made smooth on the top,
and bevelled at a, on which No. 1 slices in its revolutions when applied as
described in No. 4. This bar assists also in raising No. 1 in the socket or
case No: 2.
No. 4 is the equalinum, which is composed of a quantity of No. 1 and
No. 2, assisted by No. 3, and other instruments; in which a is a plain
board or plate of metal, fastened to the frame in which the equalinum
operates, extending from the wheel or roller b to the wheel or roller c;
over this board or plate of metal, the two wires, chains, lists, or straps
of leather (described in No. 2); joined together at their ends so as to form a
circular chain with the sockets or cases No. 2 fastened upon them, pass or
slide from d to e in their revolution. On this board or plate of metal the bar
No. 8 is fastened, its bevelled end a being sunk into a grove cut in the wheel
or roller b, its other end extending to the top of the wheel or roller c, yet not
touching either wheels or rollers. On each side of this bar the two wires,
chains, lists, or straps of leather, with the sockets or cases No. 2 fastened
upon them, as before described, pass from d to e, one chain, wire, list, or
strap of leather on one side of the bar No. 3 and one on the other, the sockets
No. 2 fastened as before described, forming a bridge over the bar which serves
to keep them steady when in motion. On the top of this bar the needle
bits No. 1 slide from f to g, being raised in the sockets or cases No. 2 by the
bevel end of the bar at f, at which place the needles, pins, or fine wires
penetrate the flax, hemp, tow, wool, Jersey hair, &c., and carry it along with
them from to g, where they fall down in the sockets or cases No. 2, being
assisted in their falling down by the wire, chain, band, strap of leather, or
catgut (described in No. 1), which passes through the hole a of No. 1, and
which, being fastened together at both ends, revolves with the equaliuum No. 1,

page_text: thus falling down into the socket or case No. 2 at g; the needles, pins, or fine
wires leave the flax, hemp, tow, wool, Jersey hair, &c., to be drawn forward
by the wheels or rollers No. 6. The two wheels or rollers b and c carry the
cqualinum round by the two wires, chains, lists, or straps of leather No. 1, put
into the sockets No. 2, fastened on the two wires, chains, lists, or straps of
leather as close as conveniently may be, almost form a continued series of
needles, pins, or fine wires, round the equalinum, by which means the flax,
hemp, tow, wool, Jersey hair, &c., is conducted from No. 5 to No. 6 with
regularity. The distance betwixt the axis of the wheel or roller 6 to the axis
of the wheel or roller c should be about sixteen inches, but may be varied
according to the length of the fibres of the material to be prepared or spun.
The size of No. 1 and No. 2 is optional, but should be larger for preparing
than for spinning; various modes and forms of fixing and moving the needleś
or pius of the cqualinum may be adopted, according to convenience or fancy,
without altering the principle of the machine. The principle of which
machine or cqualinum is, that by revolving at a fixt velocity it furnishes the
wheels or rollers No. 6 with a regular supply of flax or other material in a
lincal direction, while the needles or pins provent the short fibres of the flax, &c.,
from being drawn on by the long ones, and both from knotting, by which
means the yarn or thread is rendered level and free from lumps.
No. 8 consists of wheels or rollers, the under moving the top, kept close
together by means of springs or weights, which carry the flax, hemp, tow,
wool, Jersey hair, &c., a, betwixt them to the equalinum No. 4, moving &
little slower than the equalinum. Those wheels or rollers may.be dispensed
with by making the flax, hemp, tow, wool, Jersey, hair, &c., a to pass
through a slit or aperture to the equalinum No. 4. No. 6 consists, of wheels
or rollers, the under moving the top. kept close together by means. of springs
or weights, which wheels or rollers move considerably faster than the
cqualinum No. 4, and by that means draw the flax, hemp, tow, wool, Jersey
hair, &c., through, from, and out of the needles, pins, or fine wires of the
equaliuum No. 4, and consequently render the flax, hemp, tow, wool, Jersey
hair, &c., finer at h than it is at f. No. 7 consists of a spindle, flier, and bobbin,
which twist the flax, hemp, tow, wool, Jersey hair, &c., as delivered by the
wheels or rollers No. 6, and convert it into yarn or thread, which the flier a
winds round the bobbin b. In preparing of flax, hemp, tow, wool, Jersey
hair, &c., for spinning, No. 7 is not used; in that case the wheels or rollers
No. 6 deliver the material into baskets or boxes, which material of flax, hemp,
tow, wool, Jersey hair, &c., is drawn through the equilanum No. 4 by the wheels
or rollers No. 6, and doubled until rendered of a proper size and sufficiently

page_text: even and level to be spun. The machine may be put in motion by various
means, the most convenient, is an upright shaft with a pulley upon it, having
a band or list to communicate with the haft c of No. 7. At the top of this
shaft put a pinion to drive a wheel fixed upon the axis of the wheel or roller
a-of No. 6, from the axis of which wheel or roller a of No. 6, by means of
pinions and wheels with teeth, or pullies with cords, drive the wheel or roller c
of the equalinum No. 4, which wheel or roller c will give motion to the equa-
linum. In like manner drive the wheels or rollers No. 5. A frame of iron or
brass should support the axis of the wheels or rollers.
In witness whereof, I, the said Daniel Dakeyne, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, the Nineteenth day of February, in the thirty-fourth
year of the reign of His said most Excellent Majesty George the
Third, by the grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland
King, Defender of the Faith, and so forth, and in the year of our
Lord, One thousand seven hundred and ninety-four.
Scaled and delivered by the above-named
Daniel Dakeyne, (being first duly
stampt) in the presence of
ANTHONY ALSOP,
GEORGE WASON. GREAVES,
Clk. to Mr. Goodwin.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Nineteenth day of February,
in the thirty-fourth year of the reign of His Majesty King George the Third,
the said Daniel Dakeyne came before our said Lord the King in His Chan-
cery and acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing
therein contained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instru-
ment aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the several Statutes
made in the sixth year of the reign of the late King and Queen William
and Mary of England, and so forth, and in the seventeenth and twenty-third
years
of the reign of His present Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Twenty-sixth day of February, in the year above written.