IMPROVEMENTS IN CAPSULING BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS, AND Annun AR MANA
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Paterson, of Edinburgh, in the County
of Mid Lothian, North Britain, Consulting Engineer, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CAPSULING BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS, AND
Annun
AR
MANA
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Paterson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th November 1871.
'
I, JAMES PATERSON, of Edinburgh, in the County of Mid Lothian,
Consulting Engineer, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CAPSULING BOTTLES OR OTHER VESSELS,
AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS employed THEREFOR," to be as follows:-
--
This Invention relates to an improved arrangement or construction of
mechanism adapted for the fixing of capsules over the mouth or stoppered
portion of bottles or other similar vessels, and the object achieved by the
employment of the mechanism constituting this Invention is the fixing

page_text: the chamber is comparatively thin it is the more easily compressed, and
the ribs facilitate its return to the original form immediately that the
pressure is withdrawn.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Paterson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 27th May 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
PATERSON, of Edinburgh, in the County of Mid Lothian, North Britain,
Consulting Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
35th year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said James Paterson, Her special
license that I, the said James Paterson, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Paterson,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CAPSULING BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS, AND IN THE
APPARATUS OR MEANS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said James Paterson, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Paterson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-

page_text: panying Drawings anu
CHO ԵԿԵ апи
Почта шагаси ՆԵՊԵՍ ՆԱն
is to say) :-
My said Invention relates to an improved arrangement or construction
of mechanism adapted for the fixing of capsules over the mouth or
stoppered portion of bottles or other similar vessels, and the object
achieved by the employment of the mechanism constituting this Inven-
tion is the fixing of such capsules in a more expeditious and effectual
manner than what obtains under the means hitherto employed.
The mechanism consists of a peculiar elastic chamber herein-after
described of sufficient capacity at the interior to receive the neck or
stoppered portion of a bottle or other vessel upon which a capsule is to
be fixed. This chamber is acted upon on the outside by fluid or
mechanical pressure.
The said elastic chamber is confined within a
metallic chamber wherein the pressure is generated by means of a liquid
or fluid, such as water or atmospheric air acted upon in the case of
using a liquid by one or more pistons or plungers, which as the pressure
is generated cause the elastic chamber to collapse or bind tightly around
the neck of the bottle or other vessel on which the capsule is to be
fitted, thus compelling the capsule to be so closely pressed on the neck
of the bottle or other vessel that it fits into all the inequalities of
the surface on to which it is compressed without friction upon the
capsule.
The piston or plunger or more than one such piston or plunger
according as one or more of them are employed are actuated by a treadle
or hand lever, preferably provided with a reaction spring which aids in
withdrawing the piston or pistons, plunger or plungers, after a capsule
has been fixed, thus rendering the machine ready for a subsequent
capsuling operation. Or in lieu of using a piston or plunger a pump or
pumps worked by an engine may be employed for imparting the liquid
or air pressure round the said elastic chamber, the pressure being let on
or shut off as required by a valve or cock in the pipe which connects the
metallic chamber with an intermediate receiver, such receiver being
further provided with an air vessel if liquid be employed as the com-
pressing medium.

page_text: number of dogs or slides which are caused to compress or expand the
chamber by means of a spiral wheel, cranks, eccentrics or screws, these
being operated by a handle or treadle.
The inner end of the elastic chamber may be provided with a metallic
cup which fits upon that portion of a capsule which it is desired not to
compress, such metallic cups being of various forms to accord with the
shape of the protruding portion of the cork, stopper, or neck of a bottle
or other vessel. The said elastic chambers herein-before referred to are
formed of india-rubber vulcanized in moulds whose interior is fluted,
thus producing ribs on the exterior of the elastic chamber, the effect of
which is that whilst a great portion of the chamber is comparatively
thin it is the more easily compressed, and the ribs facilitate its return
to the original form immediately that the pressure is withdrawn.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that
purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheets of
Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts
in all the Figures.
Figure 1 (Sheet 1) represents a sectional elevation of one form or
arrangement of my improved capsuling machine, as constructed to be
worked by fluid pressure obtained by means of a piston or plunger.
Figure 2 is a corresponding front elevation of the same, and Figures 3,
4, and 5 are details on an enlarged scale of the improved elastic
chamber.
A is the elastic chamber, which is formed with strengthening ribs a, a,
on its outside, as shown clearly in Figures 3, 4, and 5. B is the metallic
cup, which is secured in the inner end of the chamber A by the nut and
screw b, such combination of elastic chamber and metallic cup being
employed when capsuling champagne or other bottles over whose corks
or stoppers it is desirable the capsule should not be compressed; for
ordinary work an elastic chamber without the internal metallic cup may
be used. C is the metallic chamber in which the elastic chamber A is
secured by means of the screwed cap or collar c, which grips and holds
fast the flange d, formed round the mouth of the chamber A, as shewn
clearly in Figure 1. E is the piston or plunger for generating the fluid
pressure in the chamber C, such plunger working fluid-tight through

page_text: a stuffing box and gland on the top of the small cylinder e, which
opens directly into the chamber C, the said chamber being always kept
filled with water or other liquid whilst the machine is in use; the
plunger is maintained elevated as shewn by the action of the india-
rubber or other spring F, which is connected to the standard G and to
an arm H on the rocking spindle I working in the long bearing K.
This arm H is connected by the rod ↳ to the lever M, which works
on a fulcrum N, and is loosely connected to the plunger by having
its free end passed through a slot therein, as shewn clearly in Figures
1 and 2. The requisite motion is imparted to the rocking spindle I in
order to depress the plunger by the aid either of a foot lever O or hand
lever P (as shewn in the latter case by dotted lines) secured to the said
spindle. Q is a stop which checks the undue ascent of the lever which
works the plunger.
In
Figures 6, 7, and 8 (Sheet 2) represent respectively a front elevation,
a sectional elevation, and details of my improved capsuling machine
arranged to be worked by mechanical appliances in lieu of by liquid or
air pressure. A represents the elastic chamber composed in this case of
a block of vulcanized india-rubber of the form shewn in detail at
Figure 8, with a central aperture therein. This india-rubber block is
fitted into grooves made to receive it on the projecting face of the
standard G of the machine and is held therein by the metal ring c.
the outer ends of each of the four grooves containing the india-rubber
block there is fitted a dog or slide E, which are all forced inwards
simultaneously so as to contract the central opening in the india-rubber
block, and cause it to grip and compress the capsule round the neck of
the bottle by means of the cam-like inclines f. f, made on the onterior of
the ring R, which turns freely on the periphery of the projecting face of
the standard, motion being imparted thereto by the lever handle S. On
giving a quarter turn to the ring R the dogs or slides E will be forced
inwards by the inclines or eccentric surfaces f, and will produce the
necessary compression of the india-rubber round the capsule.
returning the ring to its original position the inherent spring of the
india-rubber will force outwards the slides again in readiness for the
next bottle.
On
TT
+1
1
2

page_text: carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to
be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The application and use of the peculiar elastic chamber herein
referred to worked by hydraulic pressure or by compressed air, substan-
tially in the manner and for the purpose herein-before described in
reference to Figures 1 and 2 of my Drawings.
Second. The peculiar construction of elastic chamber having strength-
ening ribs on its exterior as and for the purpose herein-before described
in reference to Figures 3, 4, and 5 of my Drawings.
Third. The combination with an elastic chamber of an internal cup
of metal or other unyielding material, substantially as and for the
purpose herein-before described and illustrated by Figures 3, 4, and 5 of
my Drawings.
Fourth. The application and use of an elastic chamber in combination
with slides actuated by cam surfaces or other equivalent mechanical
contrivance for compressing such elastic chamber round a capsule on
the neck of a bottle or other similar vessel, substantially as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Paterson, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, the First day of May,
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.