Improvements in or relating to Vessels for Containing and Transporting Liquids under Pressure.
Year: 1897

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Vessels for Containing and
Transporting Liquids under Pressure.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM GOLBY, of 36, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by Paul Lochmann, of
Langestrasse 27, Leipzig-Gohlis, Saxony, Germany, Director, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a vessel for containing and transporting liquids under
pressure and the object of the same is to surround the liquid containing chainber
with the body of gas acting upon the liquid within the chamber, in such a way that
the pressure of the gas both inside and outside the liquid containing chamber will be
the same, while the liquid itself is discharged by the pressure of the gas.
This invention consists of a liquid containing chamber or receptacle, and an
enclosing casing for said chamber said casing having communication with the interior
of the liquid containing chamber, so that the pressure on the gas contained in the
casing will be uniform, both outside the liquid chamber and upon the liquid con-
tained in the chamber, said chamber being provided with a discharging siphon, as
will be hereinafter described in detail, and then particularly claimed.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a vessel
for containing and transporting liquids under pressure constructed according to this
invention; Fig. 2 is a part vertical section of a modification thereof; Fig. 3 is an
enlarged detached elevation of the packing ring ƒ shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is an
inside elevation and Fig. 5 a plan of same.
Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, a indicates the exterior casing of the device,
and b the bottom of the casing. Fitted upon the mouth of the casing a is a ring d,
which is provided with a reduced portion d¹, that is inserted within the mouth of
the casing and which is further provided with a rabbet-groove d² extending around
the inner upper corner or part of the ring d. The ring à serves both for fixing the
lid or cover g of the casing to the same, through the medium of a connecting screw
To make the
or screws 10, and for supporting the liquid containing chamber c.
connections perfectly air-tight, an annular packing e is seated in the rabbet-groove d²
of the ring & the lid or cover g resting and being firmly pressed upon said packing e,
while the inner periphery of the ring d engages with the upper part of the liquid
containing chamber c, and thereby supports said chamber and forms a perfectly
gas and air-tight connection with the same. The supporting ring d may be
inade of any suitable material, such as glass, porcelain, or earthenware. Extending
through one side of the supporting ring d and through the packing e is a vertical
duct or channel f which establishes communication between the interior of the
casing a and the interior of the liquid containing chamber c, so that the gas which is
contained in the casing, in a more or less compressed condition, can pass through the
said duct into the chamber c and thereby equalize the pressure of the gas both inside
and outside of said chamber. The liquid which is contained in chamber c is discharged
through a siphon, which consists of a leg h, cock i and discharge nozzle k, the
discharge being accomplished, when the cock is opened, through the medium of the
gas pressure upon the surface of the liquid.

page_text: In as much as the canal or duct f is rather constricted, the pressure of the gas
from the casing a in the chamber c will only be gradually lowered when discharging
from the chamber c, by opening the cock i. The liquid in the chamber c can thus
be discharged therefrom at a low pressure through the siphon, and this pressure is
gradually reduced as the liquid is forced out, but the pressure of the gas both inside
and outside of the chamber will always be uniform, so that an excessive foaming of
the liquid is prevented.
To facilitate the introduction of the gas into the casing a, a screw threaded opening
is formed in the lid or cover g, which receives the exteriorly screw-threaded end y
of a plug 8 which is provided with a flange and a bore or passage r. A valve w is
applied to the lower end of the plug so as to close the passage r therein and prevent
the gas escaping through the same. A screw cap o is screwed on to the screw
threaded upper end of the plug 8, and a packing is interposed between the cap and
the upper end of the plug so that when the cap is tightly screwed home, no gas
can possibly pass out.
m is a handle which is hinged at n to the casing a and which at its upper end is
perforated so as to receive a screw threaded stud t extending upwardly from the
screw cap o, said upper end of the handle being secured to the cap by means of a
nut p screwed on to the stud t.
For the purpose of cooling or warming the liquid contained in the chamber C, a
deep pocket u is arranged in the lid and extends into the chamber for the purpose
of receiving a tubular receptacle q which may receive cold or hot water. The
receptacle q can be readily removed and replaced in the pocket u through the medium
of a handle at its upper end.
As the chamber c is suspended or arranged within the casing «, said chamber is
subjected to no pressure or strain, excepting that which is exerted by the weight of
the liquid contained therein, inasmuch as the gas presses equally on both the inside
and the outside of the chamber. Inasmuch as the gas enters the chamber c through
the duct f when the liquid is being discharged, the full pressure of the gas does not
permanently act on the liquid excepting at the commencement of the discharge,
while a gradual equilibrium of the pressure of the gas in the chamber c and in the
casing a is maintained. By enclosing or enveloping the liquid containing chamber c
in the casing a, it is prevented from being damaged from the exterior as it hangs
completely isolated in the casing a. The firm connection and hermetic joining of
the chamber c and the vessel a is effected through the medium of the packing e,
before referred to, which can be renewed from time to time, if desired, while by
disconnecting the supporting ring d, packing e, lid g and the connecting screw or
screws 10, the chamber and casing may be separated for the purpose of cleaning
them.
During prolonged transportation the liquid may flow over from c through the ducts
or channels and drop into the casing a. This entry of the liquid into the casing is
obviated by covering the ducts or channels fat or near the middle of the ring d with
a gauze or sieve like plate as shown in Figs. 2 to 5; and, by breaking away the
interior walls of said ducts or channels fat the top and bottom as shown at f¹ and f
in Figs. 3 and 4, provision is made for the passage of gas through the duct f when
the lower edge of d comes nearly close to the chamber c, and the under edge of the
cover overlaps or partially overlaps the top of the duct f, as shown for example
in Figure 2.
This gauze or sieve plate ¹ while preventing the passage of the liquid from the
chamber c through the ducts f into the casing a, allows free passage to the
gas.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is :—
1. An apparatus or vessel combined for containing and transporting liquids under
pressure, characterized by an exterior casing and a lionid containing shoul

page_text: provided with a discharging siphon and arranged in and communicating with the
interior of the casing, substantially as described.
2. The combination with an exterior casing, a supporting ring applied to the
casing, and a lid or cover applied to said supporting ring and closing the upper end
of the casing, of a liquid containing chamber suspended within said casing from
said supporting ring and having communication with the interior of the casing,
substantially as described.
3. The combination with an exterior casing, a supporting ring fixed to the upper
end of the casing, a lid or cover, and a liquid containing chamber provided with a
siphon, of a packing ring, interposed between the lid or cover and said supporting
ring and projecting into and supporting said liquid containing chamber within the
casing, substantially as set forth.
4. In a vessel for containing and transporting liquids under pressure, an exterior
casing, a handle moveably connected therewith, a lid or cover, and means for
detachably connecting the lid or cover with the casing, substantially as described.
5. In a vessel for containing and transporting liquids under pressure, an enclosing
casing, a lid or cover fixed to the casing, a plug fixed to the lid and provided with au
inlet opening or passage, a cap secured to said perforated plug, a handle moveably
connected with the exterior casing, and means for detachably connecting the upper
end of the handle with the said cap, substantially as described.
6. In a vessel for containing and transporting liquids under pressure, an exterior
casing, a lid or cover fixed to the casing and provided with a plug having a bore or
passage, a valve at the lower end of the latter, and a cap for closing the passage in
the plug, substantially as described.
7. In a vessel for containing and transporting liquids under pressure in which a
liquid containing chamber is tightly fixed in a casing and a lid tightly held on said
casing by means of an elastic packing ring, ducts or channels arranged in the said
ring for the passage of the gas and covered by gauze or sieve-like insertions preventing
the overflowing of the liquid, but allowing free passage to the gas, substantially as
described.
Doted this 10th d
L
1005