IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BURNING AMERICAN ROCK OIL, PARAFFINE OIL, OIL OF PETROLEUM, AND OTHER INFLAMMABLE OILS, SPIRits, OR ESSENCES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Crisp and Joseph William Elliott, of East
King Street, South Shields, in the County of Durham, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BURNING AMERICAN ROCK OIL,
PARAFFINE OIL, OIL OF PETROLEUM, AND OTHER INFLAMMABLE OILS, SPIRits,
OR ESSENCES."
Sealed the 30th December 1862, and dated the 2nd July 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Crisp and Joseph
William Elliott at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 2nd July 1862.
We, JOSEPH CRISP and JOSEPH WILLIAM ELLIOTT, of East King Street,
South Shields, in the County of Durham, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS POR BURNING AMERICAN ROCK
OIL, PARAFFINE OIL, OIL OF PETROLEUM, AND OTHER INFLAMMABLE OILS, SPIRITS,
OR ESSENCES," to be as follows:-
The object of our improvements, is to obtain security in the burning of
American rock oil, paraffine oil, oil of petroleum, and other imflammable oils,
spirits, or essences.
The material to be burned is placed in a cistern or reservoir through a feed

page_text: hole, which may be closed by a screw or other plug, such plug having a small
air hole in it which, when required, may be protected by wire gauze. From
this reservoir a pipe conveys the fluid to another tube or chamber, which is
closed partially at its lower end by wire gauze, perforated lead, or other suit-
able substance, and is of size sufficient to receive the wick and burner. For
convenience of cleaning the parts of these tubes we connect them together by
screw connections. The passage at the connection of the lower tube with the
wick tube (any part of the lower tube will do) is partially closed by having
only a very fine perforation or perforations through it of some length, or by the
application of a coil, of fine wire gauze or a bundle of wires, or otherwise,
through which the oil is regulated or filtered in its passage to the wick. The
part of the tube occupied by the filtering media may be considerably varied to
the form or construction of the apparatus. That part of the tube which holds
the wick and burner being partially closed at its lower end by some perforated
substance, is made of such a depth as to allow of only a portion of the oil con-
tained in the tubing or apparatus being consumed. By these means the
interposition of a column of oil between the flame of the burning oil and the
explosive vapour of the reservoir is secured.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Crisp and Joseph William Elliott in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 2nd January 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
CRISP and JOSEPH WILLIAM ELLIOTT, of East King Street, South Shields, in
the County of Durham, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her reign,
'did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Joseph Crisp and Joseph William Elliott, Her special licence, that we, the
said Joseph Crisp and Joseph William Elliott, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said Joseph Crisp and Joseph William
Elliott, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
'Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR

page_text: BURNING AMERICAN ROCK OIL, PARAFFINE OIL, OIL OF PETROLEUM, AND OTHER
INFLAMMABLE OILS, SPIRITS, OR ESSENCES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said Joseph Crisp and Joseph William Elliott, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their hands and
seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, or them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph Crisp and Joseph William
Elliott, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
The object of our improvements is to obtain security in the burning of
American rock oil, paraffine oil, oil of petroleum, and other imflammable oils,
spirits, or essences.
The material to be burned is placed in a cistern or reservoir through a feed
hole, which may be closed by a screw or other plug, such plug having an air
hole in it which, when required, may be protected internally or externally by
wire gauze. From this reservoir a pipe conveys the fluid to another tube or
chamber, which is closed partially at its lower end by wire gauze, perforated
lead, or other suitable substance, and is of size sufficient to receive the wick
and burner. For convenience of cleaning the parts of the tubes we connect
them together by screw connections. The passage, at the connection of the
lower tube with the wick tube (any part of the lower tube will do) is, by
preference, partially closed by having only a very fine perforation or perfora--
tions through it of some length, or by the application of a coil of fine wire
gauze or a bundle of wires, or otherwise, through which the oil is regulated
or filtered in its passage to the wick. The part of the tube occupied by the
filtering media may be considerably varied to the form or construction of the
apparatus. That part of the tube which holds the wick and burner, being
partially closed at its lower end by some perforated substance, is made of such
a depth as to allow of only a portion of the oil contained in the tubing or
apparatus being consumed. By these means the interposition of a column
of oil between the flame of the burning oil and the explosive vapour of the
reservoir is secured.
.
But that the nature of our improvements and means which we adopt in
carrying the same into effect may be more fully understood we will proceed to
describe the Drawing annexed.

page_text: Figure 1 shews an external view of a lamp constructed according to our
improvements; Figures 2, 3, and 4, shew parts separately on a larger scale.
In each of these views the same letters indicate corresponding parts wherever
they occur.
a, a, is the cistern or reservoir in which is placed the material to be burned;
b-is the feed hole thereof, which is capable of being closed by a screw plug c,
in which is formed an air hole c', whilst the oil within the cistern-or reservoir is
protected from ignition, and consequent explosion, by a piece of wire gauze d
which, whilst it will admit of the oil passing through to the reservoir or
cistern a, will, in the event of the gas therefrom becoming ignited, prevent the
flame thereof passing downwards through the wire gauze to ignite that in the
cistern or reservoir; e, e, are pipes or tubes which convey the fluid to the tubes
or chambers ff, and which are connected to the tubes c, e, by screw connec-
tions, as shewn at f'. The tubes or chambers ff, are formed at their lower
ends with a disc of wire gauze, perforated lead, or other suitable substance;
'whilst the ends of the pipes e, e, connected therewith are formed with fine
perforations e', e', adapted to regulate or filter the oil in its passage to the
wick. The tubes f,f, contain the wick 9 and burner g'; h, h, are glasses.
Figures 5, 6, and 7, shew plan views of several forms of wick holders.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and means which
we adopt in carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that
'we do not confine ourselves to the precise details shewn and described, as these
may be varied, but what we claim is the adaptation or combination of parts of
apparatus for burning American rock oil, paraffine oil, oil of petroleum, and
other inflammable oils, spirits, or essences, substantially as explained.
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph Crisp and Joseph William Elliott,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirtieth day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
CRISP
JOSEPH WILLIAM ELLIOTT. (L.S.)