AN IMPROVED GOVERNOR OR REGULATOR FOR STEAM ENGINES."
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hugh Dunbar McMaster and Abraham Dale,
of Gilford, in the County of Down, Ireland, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED GOVERNOR OR REGULATOR FOR STEAM ENGINES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hugh Dunbar M*Master
and Abraham Dale at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 26th May 1869.
We, HUGH DUNBAR MCMASTER and ABRAHAM DALE, of Gilford, in
the County of Down, Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED GOVERNOR OR REGULATOR FOR STEAM ENGINES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the use of a force pump of any suitable
construction in connection with a cylinder and ram for regulating the
motion of steam engines.
We prefer to use a rotary pump with one, two, or more pairs of
toothed wheels working in an enclosed casing, the said pump being

page_text: capable of lifting oil, water, or any other liquid. The pump is fixed
in a box or cistern containing the liquid to be lifted, and in communica-
tion with the discharge part of the pump is a cylinder in which a ram is
accurately fitted, so that it will rise and fall therein freely when acted
upon by the pressure of the liquid forced by the pump into the cylinder,
the ram being connected by rods, levers, or other suitable means to the
valve regulating the admission of steam to the engine. In connection
with the above-named cylinder is an outlet valve or cock of any suitable
kind which can be opened to let the liquid from the cylinder into the
cistern, and by opening or shutting this valve or cock the speed of the
engine can also be regulated as required. We use a balance lever, weight,
or spring connected to the said governor, by which means the variation
in the weight of the ram as it rises and falls in the liquid is compensated
for. Thus in the event of any change in the speed of the engine the
pump will force more or less liquid into the cylinder, thereby raising
or lowering the ram which acts through the rods or levers on the steam
valve of the engine and thus either reduces or increases the speed.
Tho advantage resulting from this Invention is, that no matter how
variable the load may be on the engine this governor will regulate the
speed with the greatest precision without the necessity of altering any
of the connections.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Hugh Dunbar MeMaster and Abraham Dale in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th November 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, HUGH 2
DUNBAR MCMASTER and ABRAHAM DALE, of Gilford, in the County of
Down, Ireland, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, hearing date the Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty- &
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Hugh Dunbar M Master and Abraham
Dale, Her special licence that we, the said Hugh Dunbar McMaster

page_text: and Abraham Dale, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Hugh Dunbar McMaster and Abraham Dale, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
GOVERNOR OR REGULATOR FOR STEAM ENGINES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, tho said Hugh Dunbar McMaster and Abraham Dale,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Hugh Dunbar M Master and
Abraham Dale, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, and accompanying
Sheet of Drawings (that is to say) :-
This Invention consists in the use of a force pump of any suitable
construction in connection with a cylinder and ram for regulating the
motion of steam engines.
We prefer to use a species of rotary pump for this purpose composed
of one, two, or more pairs of toothed wheels working and accurately
fitting in an enclosed casing, the said pump being capable of lifting oil,
water, or any other liquid. The said wheels revolve in the direction of
the arrows shewn in the Drawing, and as they revolve the liquid fills
the spaces between each tooth, and the casing is carried upwards and
cannot return, for at the point where the wheels meet the space is
filled up by the teeth thereof, thus compelling the liquid to act upon
the face of the ram. The pump is fixed in a box or cistern containing
the liquid to be lifted, and in communication with the discharge part
of the pump is a cylinder in which a ram is accurately fitted, so that it
will rise and fall therein freely when acted upon by the pressure of the
liquid forced by the pump into the cylinder, the said ram being con-
nected by rods, levers, or other suitable means to the valve regulating

page_text: the admission of steam to the engine. In communication with the
above-named cylinder is an outlet valve or cock of any suitable con-
struction, which can be opened to let the liquid from the cylinder into
the cistern, and by opening or shutting this valve or cock the speed of
the engine can also be regulated as required, for if the cock bo opened
wide the pump and therefore the engine must work at a great speed to
keep the ram balanced by the liquid, but if the cock be nearly closed
the pump must work slower, thus by varying the opening of the cock
the speed of the engine will also vary. We use a balance lever, weight,
or spring connected to the said governor, by which means the variation
in the weight of the ram as it rises and falls in the liquid is compensated
for. Thus in the event of any change in the speed of the engine the
pump will force more or less liquid into the cylinder, thereby raising or
lowering the ram which acts through the rods or levers on the steam
or stop valve of the engine, and thus either reduces or increases its
speed.
The advantage resulting from our Invention is, that no matter how
variable the load may be on the engine this governor will regulate the
speed with the greatest precision without the necessity of altering any
of the connections.
In order that our Invention may be clearly understood we have
annexed the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 represents
a plan of our improved governor; Fig. 2 a longitudinal section, and
Fig. 3 a transverse section of the same.
a is the chest for containing the oil or other liquid to be raised by the
gear wheels forming the rotary pump b, b', in the manner described.
The said liquid presses against the lower face of the ram c, thereby
raising it, and its motion is communicated by the eye d to the stop
valve of the engine in the ordinary manner. e is the seat of the pulley
geared to or driven from the driving shaft of the engine. is a passage
for waste oil to flow back to its chamber a; and g is a cock for allowing
the oil to pass from the cylinder h to the chamber a, and for regulating
the speed of the engine as before described.
Having now described the nature and particulars of our Invention,
we claim, the employment of a rotary or other pump for raising oil or
other liquid and thereby causing it to act against the face of a ram
or piston from which motion is communicated to the stop or steam

page_text: valve of an engine, as herein described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Hugh Dunbar M.Master and
Abraham Dale, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twentieth day of November, in the year of our Lord 1869.
Signed in presence of
GEORGE M. ROGERS.
HUGH DUNBAR MCMASTER. (L.s.)
ABRAHAM DALE.
(L.S.)