Regulating the Motion of Prime Movers.
Year: 1885

page_text: Regulating the Motion of Prime Movers.
I, HEINRICH WILhelm Schlotfeldt of Kiel in the Kingdom of Prussia, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATus for
INDICATING THE VELOCITY OF MACHINERY, SHIPS, WATER, AND OTHER OBJECTS,
THE PRESSURE OF AIR, AND FOR REGULATING THE MOTION OF PRIME MOVERS
to be as follows:-
:
"
The apparatus of this invention when it is intended to be employed for indicating
the the velocity of machinery consists of a casing within which a float is caused to
rise and fall according to the difference of height of two columns of water or other
suitable liquid the motion of the float being transferred through rods, and toothed.
wheel work so as to indicate the same on a dial. The difference of height or
pressure in the two columns of liquid is effected by means of a centrifugal pump
like apparatus which is driven from the machinery of which it is desired to indicate
the velocity its action being to draw from one of the liquid columns and force the
liquid thus drawn off into the other column. By means of the pressure produced
by the action of the pump a float may be immersed in quicksilver or a spring
pressed, or a large difference of pressure produced between two intercommunicating
columns of quicksilver or a weight may be raised.
When the apparatus is intended to be employed for indicating the velocity of
ships or water the liquid is operated by the impulse of the flowing water, instead
of by a pump.
When the apparatus is intended to be employed for indicating air pressure air
is used for working the apparatus instead of a liquid.
When the apparatus is intended to be employed for regulating the motion of
prime movers, a fixed load is applied instead of a varying resistance.
CAPITAINE & VON HERTLING,
Agents for the Applicant,
89, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.

page_text: An Improved Apparatus for Indicating the Velocity of Machinery,
Ships, Water, and other Objects, the Pressure of Air, and for
Regulating the Motion of Prime Movers.
I, HEINRICH WILHELM SCHLOTFELDT of Kiel, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of said invention. for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR INDICATING THE VELOCITY OF MACHINERY, SHIPS, WATER AND OTHER OBJECTS,
THE PRESSURE OF AIR, AND FOR REGULATING THE MOTION OF PRIME MOVERS
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described,
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
The object of this invention is attained by measuring and indicating the velocity
of a body which is caused to revolve between two columns of liquid whereupon
the surface of the one liquid column falls and that of the other rises, the variations
of level acting upon a float the rising and falling movement of which is carried
over to and indicated by a pointer.
Referring to the accompanying drawing:-
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of an apparatus of this invention; Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
are modified forms of the same; Figs. 7 and 8 are alternative arrangements of the
indicating mechanism.
A is a revolving shaft, the speed of which is to be indicated. It is connected to
the vessel B which is thereby caused to revolve with the said shaft. Within B is
a second vessel C. A liquid water for instance-is supplied to both of these
vessels, which upon the rotation of the horizontal radial arms D, fixed to the
bottom of the vessel B, is pumped through the pipe r out of the vessel C into the
vessel B, and flows back again through the orifices into the vessel C. k is a
piston dipping into the water or other suitable liquid, the movement of which is
carried over to the pointer v, through rod o, slotted bar p serving as a horizontal
guide for a roller mounted on the upper end of the lever q, toothed quadrant u
and pinion w.
Fig. 7 shews another way of transmitting the movement of the rod o to the
lever q, which is also described in the "Theoretischen Kinematic" by Professor
Reuleaux, pages 556 and 557. 8 is a fork connected to the rod o. 8¹ a sleeve or
socket fitted to the fork 8 so as to be able to move round therein. t, a pivot
formed by a continuation of the rod q, and may turn within the sleeve or socket 8¹.
When the rod o is moved the lever q is thereby cause to turn, the rod o at the
same time making a slight diverging movement.
The length of the lever q and rod o is adjustable so that the length of the travel
of the pointer may be regulated. The motion of the rod o may also be indicated
by means of any ordinary registering apparatus.
By the pressure of the liquid against the organ or part it is designed to move
such as a float or piston, a float (Fig. 1) or k (Fig. 3) may be dipped into quick-
silver, or a weight (Figs. 2 and 8) may be raised, or as shewn in Figs. 4, 5 and 6,
the quicksilver with the float k may be moved up or down.
In the modification shewn in Fig. 2, the vessel C takes the place of the piston k
of Fig. 1. In this case the radial pumping arms D are mounted vertically within

page_text: a casing E, upon the shaft A, the speed of which is to be indicated. The liquid
Bet in motion by the arms D streams through the pipe r to the casing E through
the hollow axle and orifices between the arms D and back through to B. The
float vessel C is in connection through the rod o with the toothed rack f; a is a
quadrant or curve which may oscillate on its centre; a band or chain suspended
at c is fixed to the quadrant a at d; a weight P is carried at the end of the band
or chain. When the rod o moves upwards, the band or chain becomes rolled on
the quadrant, at the same time raising the weight P, also bringing the point of
attachment & nearer to the rod o thus placing a load on the rod o, which increases
nearly according to the square of the length of the vertical movement of o. The
motion is carried over to the pointer v through rack fand pinion e. The length of
travel of the pointer v may be regulated by adding to, or diminishing the weight
of P. In Figs. 11, 12, and 13 different positions are shewn of the quadrant a, the
first corresponds to a state of rest, the weight P being carried solely by the band or
chain suspended at c. The position of the quadrant shewn in Fig. 12 corresponds
to a certain velocity to be indicated. The position shewn in Fig. 13 to an increased
velocity.
Fig. 8 shews diagrammatically on an enlarged scale, the action of an indicating
mechanism of the kind or principle shewn in Fig. 2. When the rod o moves
upward the band or chain to which the weight P is hung will lie against the
curved part g. In order to construct this curve, the involute of a is first described
resulting in the curve b, then the involute of this latter is described resulting in
the said curve g. By the upward movement of the rod o the weight P is caused to
approach the same according to the square of the length of this movement and
therefore also the load on o similarly increases according to the square of the length
of its upward movement. In this figure the quadrant a is shown in a state of rest.
The position of the same shewn in Fig. 9 corresponds to a certain velocity to be
indicated. The position shewn in Fig. 10 to an increased velocity.
In the modification shewn in Fig. 3 the indicating mechanism is left out. C is
a pipe fixed in the vessel B; k, a cap shaped float; D horizontal radial arms fixed
to the hollow shaft A the speed of which is to be indicated; z is a column of
mercury. The liquid (water) is drawn by the action of the arms D from under-
neath the float k through r and orifices in the hollow shaft into the vessel B. This
action will cause the float k and with it the rod o to descend.
In the modification shewn in Fig. 4, the indicating and pumping mechanism is
left out. Beneath the two liquid columns is placed mercury which is in communi-
cation through the orifices t. The pipes r and rare in communication with a
centrifugal apparatus and the pressure which is exercised by the liquid upon the
mercury causes this latter to rise or fall according as the liquid may be drawn
through the pipe r into the vessel B or out of the same. This motion of the
mercury is communicated to indicating mechanism through the float k.
The modification shewn in Fig. 5 is somewhat analagous to that shewn in Fig. 4.
Here the orifice for the passage of the rod o is closed by means of a pipe of The
rodsb connect the float k with the rod o.
In the modification shewn in Fig. 6, an annular float k is arranged in the
vessel B being connected to the rod o by the rods b. The liquid is drawn through
the pipe r from the inner vessel C which communicates with the outer vessel B
through the orifices t. When this action takes place the mercury z rises and the
float with rod o falls.
Instead of the apparatus of this invention being worked by liquid pressure it
may be worked by air pressure in the manner indicated in Schlotfeldt's Patent
Specification No 12608 of 1884.
By giving the apparatus shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3, a constant load instead of a varying
resistance the same may be used as governors for prime movers.
This apparatus may also be employed for measuring and indicating the speed of
ships. For this purpose the piper is placed in communication with the water
outside the ship by means of a pipe the mouth of which is at a right angle to

page_text: the flow of water whilst the pipe r communicates with the water so that its mouth
lies at an angle of about 41 degrees to and opposed to the flow of water. The
apparatus is applied to ships beneath the water level.
The velocity of other objects may be indicated in a similar way.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. A speed indicator in which the difference of pressure between two liquid
columns in a vertical vessel produced by a revolving body moves a piston or float
situated between the two liquid columns in a manner that at the same time a
resistance is hereby overcome which is in equilibrium with the difference of pressure
of the two liquid columns substantially as described and illustrated.
2. In speed indicators an indicating mechanism in which the vertical motion of
an actuating rod is so carried over to a lever that the extent of the angular motion
of such lever may be so regulated that at varying lengths of travel of the
actuating rod at an equal velocity of the revolving body the extent of the angular
motion of the lever remains always in a fixed proportion to the velocity of the
revolving body, as also the transference of this motion of the lever to an indicating
pointer and registering apparatus by means of gearing so that the same scale may
be used for varying lengths of travel of the actuating rod at a fixed velocity of the
revolving body, substantially as described and illustrated.
1000
CAPITAINE & VON HERTLING,
89, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Inventor.