Improvements in the Method or Process of Making Printing Inks.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Aug., 1897-Accepted, 23rd Oct.,
1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method or Process of Making Printing Inks.
I. DAVID JOHN OGILVY, a citizen of the United States and a resident in Gest
Street, in the City of Cincinnati, in the County of Hamilton, and State of Ohio,
and by occupation a Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
The several features of my invention, and the various advantages resulting
from their use, conjointly or otherwise, will be apparent from the following
description and claims.
The material to be treated firstly consists essentially of the color or pigment,
Secondly
which may be lamp or carbon black or any other suitable black.
the menstruum or substance with which this black is to be mixed, and may be
any of the oils, fats, waxes, resins or pitches which are most suitable for the
purpose, cost of the material being an important factor.
The process is as follows:-For an ordinary black ink the following proportions
are very suitable. 2000 pounds of ordinary rosin, 8000 pounds of. rosin oil and
1500 pounds black pigment. When petroleum or shale oils are used the pro-
portions are altered as less of those oils are required, than when more, viscous oils
are used such as rosin oils, seed or animal oils, etc. These proportions are approxi-
mate as considerable depends on the requirements of the trade, the season, and
the consistency of the oils or of the resinous material used, as also the nature of
the black pigment used.
The ingredients, black pigment, oil, and resinous material, are placed within an
appropriate vessel, this vessel being connected with a suitable condenser. Into
the mixture I inject or introduce high pressure or superheated steam, so that the
mixture will be violently and thoroughly agitated, until the result is satisfactory,
which may be known by drawing a sample or upon inspection by one having
become proficient in this process.
When sufficiently treated, the product is passed if desired, through a straining
or grinding apparatus into vessels for storage or for further treatment.
The addition of toning or shading material or material for decreasing or
increasing the viscosity or consistency, may be made by adding the same, either
before or after the application of steam, as aforementioned, but the time of making
such addition will depend on the stability and properties of the material to be
added. The distillate from the process is collected and utilized.
When desired the black pigment and the oil may be mixed and exposed to the
action of the steam as aforementioned, and the resinous matter added thereafter,
or again the resinous material and the black pigment may be mixed and exposed
to the action of the steam as aforementioned, and the oily matter added thereafter,
or the rosin or other resinous substances may be omitted entirely and the mixture
of black pigment and oil exposed to the action of the steam as aforementioned,
until upon examination the product is found to be satisfactory.
In carrying out my invention in one of its forms I proportion the pigment to

page_text: the amount of the distillate. For example, if there is introduced into the still
ninety-five per cent. of a suitable oil, as shale petroleum or rosin oils, also five
per cent. of a suitable pigment, as lamp or carbon black, and steam is injected,
the residue in the still will contain when fifty per cent. of distillate has passed
over, ten per cent. of lamp or carbon black, or if I distill seventy-five per cent.
over, the residue of twenty-five per cent. will contain twenty per cent. of lamp or
carbon black; consequently the amount of distillate removed or passed over
determines the amount of pigment to be added. When thin and spiritous oils
are used, the distillate will usually amount to seventy-five per cent., and when
thick or heavy oils are used the distillates will not amount to more than five or
ten per cent.
Among the many advantages arising from my invention is the great
saving of time and labor as the varnish is produced and deodorized, and the
pigment intermixed and levigated all in one operation.
The necessary apparatus is simpler and cheaper than that ordinarily required
for such purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
First. The process of producing printers ink, which consists in placing in a
suitable vessel black pigment together with suitable oil or oils and resinous
material, in the proportions substantially as described, subjecting the mixture
to the action of injected high pressure, or superheated steam, and conducting off
and condensing the more volatile products therefrom.
Second. The process of making printing ink which consists in placing in a
suitable vessel a mixture of black pigment and suitable oil or oils, and injecting
or introducing high pressure or superheated steam into the mixture, until the
product is brought to the proper consistency and to a suitable state of division,
condensing the more volatile products in the usual manner.
pigment depending on the amount of distillate.
The proportion of
Dated this 21st day of June 1807