Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 21st May, 1886.
Complete Left, 21st Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1887.
I, PHILIP JOHN DAVIES, of 78 Earls Court Road, Kensington, in the County of
Middlesex, Hydraulic Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
My invention relates to stench traps of what are known as the D, S and P forms
and especially to such traps when cast entirely of one piece except the cover of the
out-go or outlet side.
My improvements in D shaped traps consist as follows:-I make the trap with an
inlet similar to that of the well known S trap but preferably tapering towards the
neck where it unites with the outlet, which gradually changes from the circular
section of the inlet to a ▷ shaped section which increases in length and breadth as
the outlet extends upwards. The semi-circular part of this D shaped outlet is at the
back, that is adjacent to the inlet; it is sometimes tied or connected thereto by a
feather or web cast between the two and runs up square to the top of the outlet
which is flat and is preferably soldered or burnt on to the upper edges of the said
outlet. The out-go is by preference of circular shape and sometimes issues from the
flat front surface of the trap formed by the straight part of the D shaped outlet, or
it may be formed on the side of the D shaped body.
My improvements in S or P shaped traps consist as follows:-I make the traps
with inlets similar to that above described in reference to the D shaped trap, but
instead of the outlets being taken off the flat part as in the D shape I form the bottom
and front parts of the outlets curved as in the ordinary S or P traps, and with the
back of the outlets that is the parts adjacent to the inlets semicircular or curved and
generally connected to the inlets by feathers or webs as in the case of the D shaped
trap. In casting traps of this kind I cast the sides of the outlets of an angular shape
and of extra length or height so that they can be easily bent inwards into a curved
form which shall on the one hand complete the upper part of the circular out-goes and
on the other chose in the top parts of the outlets more or less into pear shaped
openings which are finally closed by flat or slightly arched or bent covers of corre-
sponding shape. The back part of the outlets adjacent to the inlets run up, as in the
case of the D trap; square, or nearly so to the fat tops.

page_text: Stench traps constructed in accordance with my invention are less liable than
ordinary Por S traps to syphon themselves empty because of the increasing size of
the outlets towards their tops and cannot like the ordinary P traps "momentum" them-
selves out because the flat or nearly flat tops of my traps break the momentum of the
moving water and direct such water back again towards the bottoms of the outlets
instead of allowing it to escape at the out-goes. Such traps are also especially well
adapted for being cast in one piece except the top part or cover because the tapering
form of both inlet and outlet enable the casting to be drawn off the main cores,
leaving only one or more pieces of loose or jointed core in the curved neck between
the inlet and outlet which can easily be removed after the main core is withdrawn.
It will be understood that these traps are generally cast with the tops of the outlet or
out-go parts open and that the more or less flat tops of such outlet or out-go parts can
be afterwards secured over them by soldering, burning, or other suitable means.
Dated this 20th day of May 1886
P. J. DAVIES.
Per W. H. Beck,
115, Cannon Street, London, E.C.,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stench Traps.
I, PHILIP JOHN DAVIES, of 78 Earl's Court Road, Kensington, in the County of
Middlesex, Hydraulic Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying sheet
of Drawings and to the letters and Figures marked thereon, that is to say
:-
My invention relates to stench traps of what are known as the D, S and P forms,
whether the same are cast, hand made, or pressed, but more especially to such traps
when cast entirely of one piece except the cover of the out-go or outlet side or end.
My improvements in D shaped traps are illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the
Drawings hereto annexed, in which Figure 1 is a side view, Figure 2 an end view
taken from the out-go or outlet end, and Figure 3 a plan of a D shaped trap
constructed in accordance with my invention. I make the trap than inlet A
similar to that of the well known S trap, but preferably tapering towards the neck B
where it unites with the outlet C which latter gradually changes from the circular
section of the inlet A to a D shaped section (as shown in Figure 3) which increases

page_text: in length and breadth as the outlet extends upwards. The semicircular part E of this
D-shaped outlet is at the back, that is adjacent to the inlet A; it is preferably tied or
connected to the inlet part A by a feather or web F cast between the two, and runs up
square, or nearly so, to the top or cover G of the said outlet. The top or cover G
(which is not shown in Figure 3) is flat and is preferably soldered or burnt on to
the upper edges of the outlet part C. The out-go H is by preference of circular shape,
and may issue from the flat front surface of the trap formed by the straight part of
the D-shaped outlet as shown, or it may be formed on the side of the D-shaped body C
if preferred. It will be seen that by constructing D-shaped traps in accordance with
my invention, the objectionable internal dip pipes usual in such traps are avoided.
My improvements in S or P-shaped traps are illustrated in Figures 4, 5 and 6 of the
Drawings, in which Figure 4 is a side view, Figure 5 an end view taken from the
out-go or outlet end, and Figure 6 a plan of such a trap constructed in accordance
with my invention. I make the trap with an inlet A similar to that above described
in reference to the D shaped trap; but instead of the out-go H being taken off the
flat part as in the D-shape I form the bottom and front parts of the outlet curved as
in the ordinary S or P traps, or if preferred it may be of elbow shape as shown in
dotted lines at K in Figure 4, and with the back of the outlet C, that is the part
adjacent to the inlet A, semicircular or curved, and generally connected to the inlet A
by a feather or web F cast between the two as in the case of the D-shaped trap. In
casting traps of this kind I cast the sides of the outlets of an angular shape and of
extra length or height as shown in dotted lines at I in Figures 4 and 5, so that they
can be easily bent inwards into a curved form (as shown at I in Figures 5 and 6)
after the removal of the cores from the casting, whereby on the one hand the upper
parts of the circular out-gos H are completed, and on the other the top parts of the
outlets are more or less closed in so as to form pear-shaped openings (as shown in
Figure 6) which are finally closed by flat or slightly arched or bent covers G (not
shown in Figure 6) of corresponding shape. The back part E of the outlets adjacent
to the inlets A run up, as in the case of the D trap, square, or nearly so, to the tops or
covers G.
"
Stench traps constructed in accordance with my invention are less liable than
ordinary P or S traps to syphon themselves empty because of the increasing size of
the outlets towards their tops, and cannot, like the ordinary P traps momentum
themselves out because the back parts of the outlets rise square, or nearly so, to the
tops of the outlets and guide the water up so as to strike against the flat or nearly
flat tops of my traps which break the momentum of the moving water, and direct
such water back again towards the bottoms of the outlets instead of allowing it to
escape at the out-goes whilst the curved backs E render the traps practically self-
cleansing, because there are no square corners left in which dirt can accumulate out
of the reach of the rush of flushing water. The taper form of the inlets also facilitates
this self-cleansing action. Such traps are also especially well adapted for being cast
in one piece, except as to the top part of cover, because the tapering form of both
inlet and outlet enable the casting to be quickly drawn off the main cores, leaving
only one or more pieces of loose or jointed core in the curved neck B between the
inlet and outlet, which can easily be removed after the main core is withdrawn. It
will be understood that these traps, whether of the D, S or P shape are generally
cast with the tops of the outlet or out-go parts open, and that the more or less flat
tops of such outlet or out-go parts may be afterwards secured over them by soldering,
burning, or other suitable means.
Similar letters of reference relate to like parts in all the Figures of the Drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
First The construction of a D-shaped stench trap with a tapering inlet part A
connected by a neck B with an outlet part which gradually increases in length and
breadth as it extends upwards and the back part of which is of semicircular or
other suitably curved section connected, or not, to the inlet part A by a web or stay F,

page_text: the top of the outlet part having a flat cover soldered or
"burnt" thereon, as
hereinbefore described, and illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the Drawings hereto
annexed, and for the purposes specified.
Second The construction of a D-shaped stench trap with the back part E of the
outlet thereof of semicircular or o er suitably curved form as herein before described,
and illustrated in Figure 3 of the Drawings hereto annexed, and for the purpose
specified.
Third The construction of an S or P shaped stench trap with a
tapering inlet
part A connected by a neck B with an outlet part C, the back part E of which is of
semicircular or other suitably curved form rising square, or nearly so, to the top of
the outlet end, and connected or not to the inlet part A by a web or stay F, the top
of the outlet part C having a flat or slightly arched or bent cover soldered or burnt"
thereon, as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in Figures 4, 5 and 6 of the
Drawings hereto annexed, and for the purposes specified.
Fourth The construction of an S or P shaped stench trap with an outlet part C
the back part E of which is of semicircular or other suitably curved form rising
square, or nearly so, to the top of the outlet part, which part has a flat or slightly
arched or bent cover soldered or "burnt" thereon, and is or is not connected to the
inlet part by a web or stay F, as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in Figures 4, 5
and 6 of the Drawings hereto annexed, and for the purposes specified.
Fifth--The construction of an S or P shaped trap by casting it with angular
pieces at the sides of the outlet end which angular pieces are bent over, after the
cores are removed from the casting so as to form the out-go Has hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figures 4, 5 and 6 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Dated this 19th day of March 1887.
P. J. DAVIES.
Per W. H. Beck,
115, Cannon Street, London,
Agent.