matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN TORPEDO APPARATUS TO BE APPLIED TO WINDOWS, DOORS, OR OTHER OPENINGS OF BUILDINGS AS A PROTECTION AGAINST ROBBERIES, ADAPTABLE ALSO TO RAILROAD CARRIAGES FOR SIGNALLING IN CASES OF ACCIDENT OR OTHER CAUSES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Gardner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th February 1880. A communication from
abroad by Carl Emil Timmermann, of Senftenberg, Prussia.
HENRY GARDNER, of No. 40, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TORPEDO APPARATUS TO BE APPLIED TO WINDOWS, DOORS, OR
OTHER OPENINGS OF BUILDINGS AS A PROTECTION AGAINST ROBBERIES, ADAPTABLE
ALSO TO RAILROAD CARRIAGES FOR SIGNALLING IN CASES OF ACCIDENT OR OTHER
CAUSES." A communication from abroad by Carl Emil Timmermann, of Senftenberg,
Prussia.
The torpedo described in the following Specification, provided with a very small
charge of powder, has the purpose of falling and exploding when an attempt is
made to open the doors or windows of a dwelling from the outside. ln railroad
cars or other vehicles this torpedo can be used for sigualizing accidents.
The torpedo is formed of a cylindrical iron weight with a hook or a similar part
on the top to receive a string by which the torpedo is suspended. The lower end
is bored out, and a plug of nearly the same diameter as the bore is easily slid into
it. Two screws inserted in the sides of the torpedo enter into a broad groove of
the plug, thereby securing it in the body of the torpedo while it has still some play,
as much as the width of the groove admits. The plug receives the charge of
powder in a hole, in the centre of which a steel pin is fixed serving to ignite the
copper cap when the torpedo is released and falls down or is struck. The gases of
the explosivo escape through lateral openings, which are covered by small shields
fixed to the side screws in order to break the stream of the gases, and to prevent
the curtains or hangings from catching fire.
The torpedo is suspended in one of the upper corners of the window, and its
string is led over small pulleys or hooks to a lever or any other arrangement near
the middle-rails of the window sashes, which frees the end of the torpedo string as
soon as the sush is moved. Then the torpedo will fall and cause an alarm by its
explosion.
To reload it is only necessary to unscrew the side screws holding the plug by
its groove, to fill the space round the steel pin, and cover the charge by a percussion
cap, the loaded plug being then secured again to the body of the torpedo.
The application to a door will be quite similar to that above described. In rail-
road trains the torpedo can be suspended in the baggage carriage, and the string
will be led along the train within reach of the travellers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LIQUID METERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th March 1880. A communi-
cation from abroad by Placido Tarda y Puig, of Barcelona, in the Kingdom
of Spain.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LIQUID METERS." A communication from abroad by Placido Tarda y Puig,
of Barcelona, in the Kingdom of Spain.
The Invention consists in measuring the quantity of water flowing through a
pipe by discharging the water into a balanced vessel, and counting the oscillations
of the same in the following manner:-)
:-The supply pipe ends in a water tank at
the top and inside of a cylindrical casing which encloses the principal parts of the
apparatus. Inside the said tank is a conical or cylindrical tube forming an overflow,
through which the water falls into a vessel, preferably rhombic in cross section,
provided in the centre with a vertical partition and capable of turning on a hori-
zontal axis, so placed that the two halves of the vessel balance each other. The
motion of the vessel is limited right and left by two balls of indiarubber or other
fixed buffers, situated at such a height that each half of the vessel is emptied before
or after it touches the respective buffer, the change of motion from one extreme
position to the other being retarded by a balance weight attached to the centre of
the vessel. When the other half is filled with water the vessel moves back, so
that the water flows now into the first half and out of the second.
The oscillating motion of the vessel is transmitted through a connecting rod upon
an anchor or ratchet wheel, which imparts its rotary motion to a system of tooth-
wheels and hands moving over dial plates, so as to indicate the quantity of water
which has flown through the meter.
From the balanced vessel the water falls into a receptacle screwed or bolted to
the bottom of the apparatus, and leaves the same through a three way cock placed
outside the meter, and serving also for cutting off the supply, the outlet pipe being
preferably placed immediately under the supply pipe and the core of the cock
covered by a cap, which may be screwed to or from the body of the cock by means
of a special key.
The two buffers for limiting the motion of the balanced vessel may be made
adjustable in height by providing their standards or spindles with screw threads
or otherwise, and the clockwork is preferably placed inside the cylindrical casing of
the apparatus, and made visible by providing the wall of the casing with a sheet of
glass packed with indiarubber.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MOVEABLE STAGES FOR LOADING AND UNLOADING GOODS IN RAILWAY STATIONS, MARKETS, WORKSHOPS, AND THE LIKE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Denton Abel at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th June 1880. A communication
from abroad by A. Sue and Marie Henri Hubert Comte Delamarre, both of
Paris, France..
CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 28, Southampton Buildings, in the County
of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOVEABLE STAGES FOR LOADING AND
UNLOADING GOODS IN RAILWAY STATIONS, MARKETS, WORKSHOPS, AND THE
LIKE [A communication from abroad by A. Sue and Marie Henri Hubert
Comte Delamarre, both of Paris, France.]
"
This Invention has for its object the construction of stages for loading and
unloading goods which, when not in use, are sunk into the ground or floor so as
to be flush therewith and offer no impediment to traffic, and when required for
use are raised up to any desired height, so that goods can be delivered on to them
horizontally from waggons or other vehicles, or goods can be transferred from them
to vehicles. For this purpose the platform, which may be framed of metal and
covered by planking, paving, or otherwise, and which may have on it rails or a
turn table, is fitted to sink into a hollow in the ground or floor, so that when it is
lowered its surface is level with that of the ground, and under this hollow are
arranged the means of raising and lowering it. These means may be of various
kinds, for example, the platform may have projecting down from it two or more
plungers working in hydraulic cylinders connected together, and with a pump or
reservoir of water under pressure, with suitable valves by which the plungers can
be subjected to pressure for the raising of the platform, or relieved from pressure
for lowering it. One convenient mode of working is to fix in the floor or ground
beside the platform a cistern and pump worked by a hand lever projecting
upwards, so that an attendant can by working the pump force water into the
hydraulic cylinders, thereby causing the platform to rise, and can, by opening a
cock or valve so as to let the water return from the cylinders to the cistern, allow
the platform to descend by gravity. The platform may be guided to move
vertically or obliquely according to the situation and circumstances in which it is
employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING THE BOTTLES AND STOPPERS OF LIQUOR, LUNCHEON, SCENT, AND OTHER SIMILAR FRAMES, AND WHICH ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE LIDS OF BISCUIT BOXES, STEAK AND VEGETABLE DISHES, AND OTHER SIMILAR DISHES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Travis and Thomas Hill at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th February 1880.
GEORGE TRAVIS and THOMAS HILL, both of Sheffield, in the County of York,
Manufacturers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING THE BOTTLES AND STOPPERS OF
LIQUOR, LUNCHEON, SCENT, AND OTHER SIMILAR FRAMES, AND WHICH ARE ALSO
APPLICABLE TO THE LIDS OF BISCUIT BOXES, STEAK AND VEGETABLE DISHES, AND
OTHER SIMILAR DISHES."
Our Invention relates to improvements in securing the bottles and stoppers of
liquor and other similar frames, and is applicable also to the lids or covers of biscuit
boxes, steak and vegetable dishes, and other similar dishes; the object of this
Invention as applied to liquor and other similar frames being to prevent the contents
from being tampered with.
In carrying out our Invention in the manufacture of a liquor frame (for example),
wo make a moveable cap or cover, which which may be plain or ornamental, and
sufficiently large to extend across the tops of the stoppers of the bottles, and on the
top of which may be placed the handle by which to carry the frame. The cap or
cover is attached to the frame or body by a vertical slide or slides, so that it may be
raised sufficiently above the stoppers to enable the bottles to be taken out of the
frame for use; on replacing the bottles the cover is pressed down close or nearly so
to the stoppers, and may be further secured by means of a lock, catch, or other
similar contrivance. The slide or slides may be either tubular, flat, or of any
desirable shape or construction, so that they slide vertically, and are prevented from
coming asunder by a suitable stop or stops.
In applying the Invention to the covers of steak dishes (for example), the
cover is attached to the dish by vertical slides, which will retain the cover in an
elevated position while the steak is being served, and may afterwards be pressed
down on the dish.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CLASPS AS SUSPENDERS FOR STOCKINGS, SOCKS, AND INVOICE AND OTHER PAPERS AND FABRICS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Von Hoven at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th December 1880.
65
LOUIS VON HOVEN, of Castle Street, Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Manufacturer. IMPROVEMENTS IN CLASPS AS SUSPENDERS FOR STOCKINGS,
SOCKS, AND INVOICE AND OTHER PAPERS AND FABRICS."
The object of this Invention is an arrangement of appliances suitable as clasps
for suspending stockings and socks while in wear, and for holding invoice and
other papers or fabrics.
According to this Invention I form a strip of metal or other material with a claw
at one end and a slot at the other; this strip is bent at or about the centre of its
length over a loop piece, by which it can be supported as desired.
The folded strip of metal or other material thus forms two legs, and the fold is
so arranged that the claw may engage loosely in the slot and nip the fabric therein.
One of the legs has two side shoulders or ears which are perforated and bent at
right angles to form supports for a lever plate hinged to the leg. This plate has a
strip piece bent at right angles, and is caused to press upon one of the legs when in
one position and away from the leg when in another position, this being determined
by the push down or pull up of the plate.
In action the fabric is arranged between the two legs of the folded strip of
metal or other material; the plate is then pushed down to cause the right angled
portion to impinge against the fabric for the claw of one leg to force it into the
slot of the other leg to hold it tight.
The two side shoulders or ears may be dispensed with, and also the binged
plate, in which case I purpose fitting a ferrule or flat ring over the two legs, and
in so shaping one portion of the ferrule or ring that it may engage into one
or other of a series of corrugations or indents with which one of the legs is
provided.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING PERPETUAL MOTION, AND USEFUL AS A MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Barrett at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th April 1880.
WILLIAM BARRETT, of Prestbury, in the County of Chester.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING PERPETUAL MOTION, AND
USEFUL AS A MOTIVE POWER."
This Invention, which constitutes a new motivo power affording perpetual motion,
consists of one or more coiled springs geared by toothed wheels and pinion and
suitable ratchet wheels and pawls, with a counterbalanced lever arm carrying a
sliding weight which is so arranged as to give perpetual compensation to or to
rewind the spring or springs in exact ratio to the speed at which they become
uncoiled, and so to afford the requisite continuous motion.
In carrying out my Invention, I mount a drum or cylinder containing one or
more coiled springs upon a suitable shaft (hereinafter called the spring shaft), and
I arrange spur teeth round the exterior of the said drum gearing with a combined
pinion and spur wheel mounted loosley upon a parallel shaft, but caused to revolve
in one direction with such shaft by the application of a ratchet wheel and pawl.
The spring shaft is also provided with a ratchet wheel and pawl to prevent the
same unwinding, and with a pegged wheel which gears intermittently with a
pegged quadrant carried by the parellel shaft. At the outer extremity of this
parellel shaft is also fixed a counterbalanced lever arm which carries a sliding
weight jointed by a suitable connecting rod to a fixed standard situated at about
half the length of the said arm from its axis, so that as such lever arm revolves the
sliding weight is caused to constantly change its position along the lever arin,
affording sufficient momentum during a portion of its revolution to wind up the
spring by the quadrant gearing with the pegged wheel, and retiring close to the
centre whilst such arm is carried round through the remaining portion of the
revolution, and until the quadrant is ready again to engage with the pegged wheel,
when the same operation is repeated. In this manner a surplus of from 60 to 80
per cent. of the energy of the spring or springs can be utilised as a motive power,
and the unwinding of the spring is constantly being compensated for by the action
of the sliding weight.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EXERCISING APPARATUS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hart Weeks at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd September 1880.
JOHN HART WEEKS, of the City and County of Philadelphia, in the State of
Pennsylvania and United States of America, Conveyancer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
EXERCISING APPARATUS."
The object of the Invention is to provide an apparatus for physical exerciso,
which will be simple and cheap in construction conveniently portable, and
adjustable for use, and capable of ready adaptation to the strength of the operator
and the description of exercise which is desired to be taken. To these ends the
improvements consist in the combination of two pulleys, each fitted for attachment
to a stationary support, a main cord passing around each of said pulleys, said cord
being divided into two sections and having snap hooks or catches upon its ends
for attachment respectively to a fixed support and to a pulling cord provided with
handles, and a series of springs or clastic connections interposed, with the capacity
of detachment of one or more between the two sections of the main cord.
IMPROVED VALVE FOR AIR AND CIRCULATING PUMPS AND LIKE PURPOSES."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Vawdrey Ley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th May 1880.
WILLIAM VAWDREY LEY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
IMPROVED VALVE FOR AIR AND CIRCULATING PUMPS AND LIKE PURPOSES."
« AN
My Invention relates to the construction of a valve to be used as a substitute
for india rubber, solid metal, sheet metal, wood, or other material that has hitherto
been used for valves, particularly valves such as air and circulating pump valves.
My Invention consists of a valve composed of an outer lining or sheathing of
metal, such as block tin or white metal, and an inner core of wood, pressed paper,
or fibrous material. For example, in constructing a valve such as an air pump
valve, I take a disc of wood of the requisite diameter, being rather smaller than
the finished valve, and having a central hole for the guard spindle, and I use this
disc of wood as a central core, which I cover by casting round it a covering of
metal, such as block tin or white metal, with a thickness of about one eighth of an
inch, or more or less, according to the size of the valve. The finished disc being the
metal covering with the wood core is then turned up in the latter, or otherwise
finished to the exact size. If desired the surfaces may be slightly convex or
concave to suit the seat and guard of the valve; and to add strength the inner disc
of wood may be perforated so that the outer covering of metal on both sides can be
stayed together by the moulten metal which runs through such perforations.
A modification of my Invention consists in covering a disc of wood, such as the
core before described, with a sheathing of sheet metal such as block tin or white
metal, which may be rivetted, soldered, brazed, or otherwise attached to and cover
the wooden disc.
By my Invention I produce a valve having all the advantages of an india rubber
valve, namely in weight and surface, at a cost less than an india rubber valve, and
of infinitely greater durability.
I would define my Invention as consisting of a valve having a wooden or like
core with a covering of block tin, white metal, or other suitable metal.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE AND ECONOMISING FUEL
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Turnpenney, of Leeds, in the County of York, for
an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR
CONSUMING SMOKE AND ECONOMISING FUEL."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Turnpenney at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th June 1880.
JOHN TURNPENNEY, of Leeds, in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE AND ECONOMISING FUEL."
The object of this Invention is to admit air automatically in such quantities for
igniting the inflammable gas without any operation of the attendant, and is as
hereafter described.
I employ a perforated block or grating, which may be constructed of fireclay;
this is placed between the ends of the firebars and the bridge. The holes or
perforations in the block or grate are of a conical form, by preferenco being of
the smallest area on the upper side. All dampers are dispensed with in this
arrangement, and the apparatus commences to work as soon as the doors of the
furnace are closed.
The Invention is applicablo to steam generating and other boilers.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM, BOILING FIBRES, AND FOR OTHER SUCH LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Hoinrich Rocckner at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd March 1880.
CARL HEINRICH ROECKNER, of +, Royal Arcade, Newcastle upon Tyne. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM, BOILING FIBRES, AND FOR OTHER
SUCH LIKE PURPOSES."
The Invention consists.-
Firstly. In the construction of steam boilers by arranging a series of tubes
connected together, or to a steam receiver or collector and supply reservoir; the
said tubes having fitted therein other smaller tubes in such way that there is a
space left between the inner and outer tubes, forming the receptacle for steam and
water, or other liquids or gases, while the heat from the furnace plays upon the
inner or outer tubes, acting upon both. The tubes may be placed in any suitable
position, horizontally, inclined, or vertically, and may be arranged in series of any
required number.
Secondly. In the application of mechanical agitation for the purpose of circulating
the liquids in boilers used for the boiling of fibrous materials.
Thirdly. In the application to boilers, used for boiling fibrous materials and licated
by direct heat, of a steam condenser, by means of which a circulation of the liquid
in the boiler is offected; and to obtain the same object in boilers heated by steam
I draw the steam from the fibre boiler to work my agitator, or to use it otherwise.
Fourthly. The employment of a vacuum obtained by any suitable means in boilers
employed for boiling fibrous materials and during the process of boiling.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING AND FITTING SPHERICAL ARMOUR FOR PROTECTING GUNS AND THEIR EMBRASURES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Studer at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1880.
HENRY STUDER, of Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineer and Captain of
Artillery. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING AND FITTING SPHERICAL ARMOUR
FOR PROTECTING GUNS AND THEIR EMBRASURES."
This Invention relates to improvements in constructing and fitting spherical
armour for protecting guns and their embrasures.
The distinguishing feature of my improved spherical armour is, that it prolongs
the bore of the gun with a slightly enlarged diameter, thus allowing of the
uninterrupted Bight of the projectile, and effectually protecting both the gun and
its embrasure.
I manufacture my improved spherical armour either of chilled cast iron, or of
cast steel (tempered), and I form each sphere in two halves or hemispheres, thus
affording increased facility both for casting and hardening the metal, as also for
fitting such spherical armour to the collar or enlargement formed round the muzzle
of the gun.
After the armour has been so fitted thereon, the gun is drawn inwards
until the sphere lodges and firmly embeds itself about halfway in a corresponding
recess formed in the face of the embrasure, leaving one half its surface projecting on
the outside thereof, and thus affording complete protection both to the gun and its
embrasure, at the same time that it entirely prevents the recoil of the gun.
When however it is desired that the gun should recoil, the muzzle is made smooth
without any collar or projection thereon, so that it slides easily in a corresponding
cylindrical recess in the sphere, which is also provided with a hollow plug or tail
piece fitting over the muzzle of the gun, such tail piece being made of a sufficient
length to permit of the recoil of the gun.
Such sphere is immovable, being firmly embedded and secured in the armour face
of the turret or other fortification, so as to form a part of such face, and afford
complete protection both to the gun and the embrasure, as already explained.
In order to provide for the sighting of the gun, a groove traverses the sphere
internally in the vertical plane of the line of fire, and at the elevation of the point
of sight, which groove allows of the accurate adjustment of the gun.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE USE OF SAW DUST AND OTHER WASTE MATTER, AGGLOMERATED BY MEANS OF OXYDIZED OIL OR TANNATE OF GELATINE, FOR MAKING RAW MATERIALS AS SUBSTITUTES FOR LEATHER, PASTEBOARD, AND SIMILAR MANUFACTURES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Théophile Lyon Alemand at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th March 1880.
THEOPHILE LYON ALEMAND, in the City of Paris, in the Republic of France,
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE USE OF SAW DUST AND OTHER WASTE
MATTER, AGGLOMERATED BY MEANS OF OXYDIZED OIL OR TANNATE OF GELATINE,
FOR MAKING RAW MATERIALS AS SUBSTITUTES FOR LEATHER, PASTEBOARD, AND
SIMILAR MANUFACTURES.”
This Invention relates to the use of saw dust, oak bark, and so forth, as well as
all kinds of refuse matters in hide tanning, which matters are compressed and
rendered imputrescible and homogeneous by aid of agglomerants, such as tannate
of gelatine and oxydated oils, the object of such manufacture being to replace
leather, pasteboard, and similar products in the several uses to which they are
applied, carpets, hangings, tarred paper, boot heels, boxes of all kinds, and
such like.
1st. Manufacture of the Substance with Oxydated Oils.-Linseed oil, to which I
give the preference, is boiled several hours and acidulated with azotic acid; the
plastic matter resulting therefrom is dissolved in sulphuret of carbon. With this
solution a suitable quantity of saw dust or other residue is mixed. After having
collected the sulphuret of carbon in a zinc still, the matter is submitted to the
hydraulic press or rolling mill; then if desired it is cut in plates, sheets, or bits of
all sizes.
2nd. Manufacture of the Substance with Tannate of Gelatine.-Gelatine or
common glue with a proper quantity of water is intimately mixed with saw dust
in suitable proportions; to this is added a tepid solution of tannin (oak bark) which
forms tannate of gelatine, which thus combined with saw dust is drained, dried
then pressed or rolled, and cut in pieces if necessary.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRO EXTRACTORS OR CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES AND IN THE METHOD OF SUPPORTING THE SAME
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Broadbent at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th October 1880.
THOMAS BROADBENT, of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRO EXTRACTORS OR CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES AND IN
THE METHOD OF SUPPORTING THE SAME."
Firstly. This Invention relates to the method of supporting or upholding the
machine, and my improvements consist in keeping thein clear of any foundation,
and in suspending or hanging them so as to swing. This I accomplish by placing
suitable supports in close proximity to the machine, and in attaching the machine
to the supports by links or other suitable means. By this method of supporting
the machine the shaking of the floor caused by the extreme velocity of the cage is
very materially lessened.
Secondly. The Invention relates to that class of centrifugal machines supported
and driven from below, and my improvements consist in arranging the parts so
that the machines will be direct acting and self balancing, and consequently more
steady. This I accomplish by placing the foundations and main driving shaft
down within the ground. The main driving or crank shaft is placed in a vertical
position, on the top of which is placed or attached a face plate, the upper surface
being convex. Upon this face plate rests another face plate, the bottom surface
also being convex, and screwed or otherwise connected. To the boss of this upper
face plate is a hollow vertical shaft at the top of which the centrifugal cage is
fastened. Within the hollow shaft is inserted a smaller spindle with a nut or
collar thereon resting upon a spiral spring also placed within the hollow shaft, by
which means when the cage is rapidly revolving around the arrangement herein
described becomes self balancing. Instead of employing the above arrangement for
balancing the revolving cage, it may be made self balancing by extending the main
driving or crank shaft, having an enlargement at the top end onto which is placed
a loose plate with the underside convex or flat, and on the top of this loose plate is
placed a bearer for bearing or supporting the parts to which the cage is attached.
To enable the cage to balance itself during the oscillatory movement occasioned by
its rapid velocity, the loose plate previously mentioned fits on to a cross bar or key
on the top of the upright shaft, whilst on its upper surface is a cross bar or key
placed at right angles to the cross bar on the upright shaft, and this latter cross bar
fits loosely into a groove in the top bearer by which means the bearer is enabled to
rock or tilt in any direction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRIVING CHAINS FOR TRICYCLES AND CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hartcliffe at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd March 1880.
WILLIAM HARTCLIFFE, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Chain Maker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DRIVING CHAINS FOR TRICYCLES AND CARDING ENGINES."
In the chains commonly used for driving velocipedes, tricycles, and carding
engines the links wear quickly, and so alter the pitch of the chain and render it
unfit for work. Now my Invention consists in lengthening the pitch of the chain
so as to allow the bowls or studs to take into or gear with every other tooth of the
wheels, instead of into each tooth as is now customary. I am thus enabled to make
the studs or bowls and pins considerably larger and stronger than those commonly
used, thereby increasing the working surface and preventing the links from wearing
loose. These chains are much stronger and more durable than the ordinary chains,
and can be applied to the wheels of velocipedes and carding engines at present in
use. When new wheels are made the alternate spaces between the teeth may be
filled up, or the pitch of the wheels and chains may be varied.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS FOR SECURING AND RELEASING LIQUID IN AND FROM BOTTLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Cornelius William Morley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th March 1880.
CORNELIUS WILLIAM MORLEY, of 32, Fitzroy Road, Regent's Park, London,
in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS FOR SECURING AND
RELEASING LIQUID IN AND FROM BOTTLES."
By this Invention any liquid can be substantially secured in a bottle and removed
or be resecured with the greatest facility and convenience by the application either
in or through its neck of a tap, the handle to which retires therein or withdraws
therefrom as required, the flow of liquid being through the side of the neck of
the bottle.
This is effected in two ways. The first or horizontal method consists of a
transverse opening through the neck of a bottle; in this opening or socket is adjusted
and held by a screw or a spring a hollow tap made of glass or other material,
having in its side an aperture for the passage of liquid from the bottle into the tap,
and so though its end. On the reverse end of the tap can be fixed a common
handle, but I prefer to substitute the handle herein before mentioned, consisting of
a bent rod of a certain shape, which is inserted into the hollow of the tap through
a hole of corresponding shape, so that it cannot rotate therein without moving the
tap, neither can it be removed from the hole; the rod thus inserted being free
from sight and obstruction until required for use, when it may be withdrawn from
the hole angularly, to be turned to the right or the left for the purpose of rotating
the tap, and so to open or close its aperture for securing or releasing liquid,
In the second or vertical method the neck of a bottle is prepared as a socket, and
in it is adjusted an inverted hollow conical plug, having along the lower part of its
side a groove or a segment, in which may flow liquid to an aperture through the
side of the socket or neck. The bottle at the same time receives air through a hole
in another side of the bollow plug, meeting a channel in the socket. A screw or a
spring in the mouth of the neck holds the plug, and a plate attached thereto in the
socket. A hole of a certain shape in the said plate receives a rod of corresponding
shape for insertion into the hollow of the plug, in a similar manner and for the
same purpose as herein before described; so that by the movement of the rod the
plug is rotated, and its groove or segment is turned either to or from the aperture
in the socket, that liquid may flow therefrom, or that the contents of the bottle may
be secured.
In both methods, either the tap or the plug can be easily removed for refilling or
cleansing the bottle as in the ordinary way.
IMPROVEMENT
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by Henry Hughes at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th July 1880.
HENRY HUGHES, of Loicester, in the County of Leicester.
IN TRAMWAYS."
"IMPROVEMENTS
My Invention relates to an improved combination of parts forming a tramway,
whereby simplicity, economy, and durability are ensured.
In carrying out my Invention, I construct the rail of the tramway in two
longitudinal portions which are arranged side by side at a sufficient distance apart
to admit of the flange of the wheel passing between them. One of these longi-
tudinal portions, which constitutes what may be designated the guard rail, is
composed by preference of iron, and is made of the shape of ordinary angle iron.
The other longitudinal portion, which forms the acting rail, and is more subjected
to wear, is composed of steel, and is also made of the shape of angle iron, but with
a plain head to form a bearing surface for the wheel. The two portions of the
compound rail are connected together by rivets passing through tubular distance
pieces which are interposed between the two portions of the rail.
The rail, which is formed with an extended base so to form a support for the
adjacent paving blocks, may, if required, be carried upon transverse or longitudinal
sleepers, or rest directly upon the ballast.
If desired, the anglo bars may be made of like sections, so as to admit of the
two portions of the rail being reversed when one is worn out, or of the use of
wheels adapted to bear upon both portions of the rail.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREWS AND SCREW-DRIVERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Frederick Lackersteen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd December 1880.
JAMES FREDERICK LACKERSTEEN, of Newcross, in the County of Kent, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREWS AND SCREW-DRIVERS."
"
My Invention relates to improvements in screws and screw-drivers, and consists
of two parts.
The first part consists in cutting on the ordinary screw a spiral groove similar
to that on a spiral grooved gimlet, which beginning at the point and cutting
through the threads and column of the screw, ends in one edge of the slot on the
head of the screw.
The second part consists of a screw driver having on its spindle or column a
moveable appliance carrying clips, which are made to grasp the under part of the
head of the screw when the point of the screw driver is inserted in the slot in the
head of the screw.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FULLING STOCKS
Year: 1880

page_text: <
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Kilburn at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th May 1880.
RICHARD KILBURN, of Leeds, in the County of York, Machine Maker.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FULLING STOCKS."
This Invention relates to the dish or vessel of fulling stocks employed in fulling
woollen or other heavy goods or leather, and the object of the Invention is to
arrange the machine in such a manner as to enable the attendant to put in or
remove the material from the machine more readily than can be done in the present
construction of machine. The improvements consist in having one end of such
dish or vessel hinged, or so arranged that the end of the vessel may be let down or
lifted up, so that the material under operation may be more readily placed therein
or removed therefrom than by the laborious method of lifting the material over the
sides of the vessel.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN RAILWAY AND OTHER COUPLINGS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Wilson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th June 1880.
EDMUND WILSON, of Caledonian Street, King's Cross, Middlesex. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN RAILWAY AND OTHER COUPLINGS."
This Invention relates to improvements in the method of coupling and uncoupling
railway carriages and rolling stock generally, which is effected in such manner
as to render it unnecessary for the persons so employed to place themselves between
the carriages to be coupled or uncoupled, thus ensuring freedom from danger
attendant on the method now generally in use.
For this purpose I provide the ends of the carriages or other rolling stock with
hooks or catches somewhat of the form of a harpoon or arrow head, an extension
from which is made to turn freely on a pin in an upward direction. The one hook
or catch consists of a single bar, whilst the other consists of double bars with a
space between them so as to allow of the single bar hook or catch catching or
coupling within the double one when two carriages are pushed against each other.
When both carriages are of the same height the single hook or catch locks above
and within the double catch, or when of different heights below the same. The
hooks at the ends of existing railway carriages may be utilised for the pin joint on
which the catches turn.
At one end of each carriage I fit a lever by which the hooks or catches are
released from each other by raising one of the catches in an upward direction.
]MPROVEMENTS IN HOIST PROTECTORS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Waterhouse Midgley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th June 1880.
JAMES WATERHOUSE MIDGLEY, of Keighley, in the County of York.
"]MPROVEMENTS IN HOIST PROTECTORS."
The object of my Invention is to prevent persons from accidentally falling down
hoists.
My Invention is constructed as follows:-
In ordinary hoists having a number of storeys I fix at the bottom and top
rollers to which are attached belts of canvas, wood, or iron lattice, or other suitable
material the width of the hoist. The cage of the hoist is between the two lengths of
canvas or other belts. Tho rollers are connected by ropes or chains, and so arranged
that in whatever position the cage stops, the entrances from the other rooms are
blocked with the canvas or other belt; stretchers or rods working in grooves may
be attached to canvas to add to its strength. The belts may be numbered
consecutively at the points where they come opposite the entrances into rooms to
indicate the storey or position in which the cage is.
For hoists having only a few storeys I fix at the bottom of the hoist levers
connected, having slots or inclines above, and connected to the levers is a false
sliding floor the size of the hoist; at the sides of the cage are studs or projections,
which on the cage being lifted upwards engage with slots or inclines on one set of
lovers, and move the sliding door (which is above the cage) out of the way, but so
soon as the cage has passed the projections act upon the inclines on the second set
of levers, and draw the false sliding floor across the hoist, so that should any one
step through the hoist door (from a room above or below the hoist) they will simply
step on to the falso sliding floor. When lowering the cago the lovers draw the
sliding door out of the way, and when the cage bas passed the sliding door is again
placed across the hoist. By the above methods it is impossible for anyone
accidentally to fall down hoists.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MAKING CIGARETTES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Gottheil at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th March 1880. A communication from
Hugo Gerike, of Berlin, in the German Empire.
ROBERT GOTTHEIL, of 96, Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,
Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MAKING
CIGARETTES." A communication from Hugo Gerike, of Berlin, in the German
Empire.
The improvements relate to portable apparatus for making cigarettes of various
thicknesses by means of a band or wrapper, and consists in attaching said band at
one end only, while the other end is free, and making the cigarette in a box provided
with a transverse partition and sliding cover in the following manner :-
The cigarette box is of a flat rectangular section open at the top, where it may
be covered by a slide to which one end of the aforesaid flexible band is attached,
preferably by means of a pin. A recess is formed for this purpose in the underside
and near one end of the slide, the solution of continuity being compensated by a
The box is further
strengthening plate soldered to the bottom of the cover.
provided with a partition reaching near the top thereof, and forming the wall of a
chamber in which the paper and tobacco for making the cigarette are placed after
the slide has been withdrawn, and the flexible band spread over the sides and bottom
of the chamber, so as to form a lining reaching a little over the transverse partition.
If the box is now closed by sliding the cover over it, the end to which the band is
attached being in front, the tobacco is wrapped into the band, and the latter with-
drawn by the further motion of the slide, after the aforesaid strengthening plate
has passed over the top of the partition, so that the fixed end of the band has now
arrived at the opposite side of the box or passed beyond it, while the cigaretto lies
free in the open chamber. The box as well as the partition and slide are preferably
made of sheet metal, or the cigarette chamber with the slide and a frame may be
made of sheet metal, and the rest of the box of leather or other flexible material
forming a pocket for receiving tobacco.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO SPINNING MACHINES, FOR THE PURPOSE OF COMBINING THE OPERATIONS OF SPINNING AND ROLLING TOBACCO
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Joseph Kennedy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th May 1880.
EDWARD JOSEPH KENNEDY, of Amien Street, Dublin, Ireland, Tobacco Manu-
facturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO SPINNING MACHINES, FOR THE PURPOSE
OF COMBINING THE OPERATIONS OF SPINNING AND ROLLING TOBACCO."
My said Invention is designed to combine the operations of spinning and rolling
tobacco at the same time, by causing a reel or bobbin of peculiar construction, as
hereinafter described, to act as a rolling machine, on which the spun tobacco may be
wound in a manner which will render unnecessary the removal of the reel or bobbin
from the machine to the rolling room, and the uncoiling of the tobacco therefrom,
for the purpose of making the ordinary rolls at present known in the trade.
To this end I form a sheath or tube corresponding to the width of the cradle of
the machine, which sheath or tube is passed over the ordinary reel or bobbin
spindle.
Around the inside of the ends of this sheath or tube is formed a shoulder or ring,
provided with a spud or key, which catches in a groove formed in the reel spindle,
for the purpose of of causing the sheath or tube to revolve with said reel spindle.
Disks or metal plates or then slipped over the ends of the sheath or tube,
leaving a small portion of said ends projecting on the outside of the disks, on
which projecting portion I place a metal collar, and secure same by means of a
thumb screw. This collar holds the disks fixed in position during the operations of
spinning and rolling.
When the reel or bobbin, constructed as above described, receives its proper
quantity of tobacco, it is removed from the cradle of the spinning machine, the
collars are unfastened, the disks removed, and the sheath or tube extracted, when
the roll is ready for steaming.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COUPLING THE ENDS OF MAIN AND OTHER SHAFTS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE FOR SECURING WHEELS AND PULLEYS PLACED THEREON."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Pollard at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th December 1880.
WILLIAM POLLARD, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COUPLING THE ENDS OF MAIN AND OTHER
SHAFTS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE FOR SECURING WHEELS
AND PULLEYS PLACED THEREON."
The object of the first part of my Invention is to produce a coupling constructed
in such a manner as to unite together and secure firmly and accurately the ends of
main and other shafting. My improved coupling consists in the application of one
or more bush keys, which when placed together upon the shafts they are intended
to unite, will assume a conical form or shape each way from the centre of the said
key, each cone of which is provided with a ring or bush recessed internally to the
form or shape of the cone keys they are intended to be driven upon, so as to cause
the same to firmly embrace the ends of the shafts in a perfect and even manner,
and to retain the rings or bushes in position when driven home; one or more bolts
may be used; these pass between the rings or bushes and the keys; and to further
prevent the ends of the shafts receding from each other, I use another key of
peculiar shape having a swell or projection at or near each end; one of the taper
bush keys above described, or the ends of both shafts may be slotted so as to
receive the key whereby the said shafts are firmly united together. The next part
of my improvements are applicable for securing wheels or pulleys to the aforesaid
shaft, which may be effected by the boss of the said wheels or pulleys being slit ;
the outer surface of the said boss is of a shape or form similar to the cone keys
above mentioned, and similar rings or bushes may be used so as to cause the slit
boss of the wheel or pulley to firmly embrace the shaft, whereby the wheel or
pulley is securely held thereon.
AN IMPROVED MOULD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James David Lampard at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th March 1880.
JAMES DAVID LAMPARD, of No. 27, Weaver Street, Bethnal Green, in the
County of Middlesex, Mould Manufacturer. "AN IMPROVED MOULD FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS."
Hitherto the inner portion of the moulds now in use are made of metal, and the
outer side ears or projections of wood. The said ears or projections by the constant
friction in the process of manufacture of bricks is prematurely worn away, thus
rendering the mould useless. My Invention consists in casing or covering the said
ears or projections of the mould with suitable metal plates, thus preventing wear
and tear, and making them much more durable and lasting than those at present
in use; also smoother for the hands of the moulder, and thus easier for the
moulding.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF MANU- FACTURING MANURE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd December 1880. A communication
from abroad by Eugéne Koch, of Paris, France.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF MANU-
FACTURING MANURE." A communication from abroad by Eugéne Koch, of Paris,
France.
This Invention relates to an improved process of manufacturing manure with a
base of tar and lime.
My Invention consists essentially in the method hereinafter described for
intimately mixing the tar and lime, whereby I obtain immediately a mixture or
product in pulverulent form, whilst by treatment according to the processes
hitherto in use for such purposes the tar maintained its viscous state, which
rendered pulverization of the mass impossible.
According to this Invention I proceed as follows, that is to say:-
In a vessel or boiler of any suitable form, and preferably made of sheet-iron,
tar is poured, and is therein submitted to a temperature of about 70 degrees
centigrade to make it sufficiently clear.
The vessel may be heated by means of a furnace or fire-place, by steam, or by
gas. In all cases the vessel is provided with a double bottom, so as to avoid
direct contact with the fire, or to allow the circulation of the steam.
When the tar is so heated I add to it pulverized white or fat lime in a propor-
tion of 70%. The lime is introduced either by means of a shovel or by any
suitable feeding device arranged above the vessel. The mixture is kneaded or
stirred by means of a shovel or a large paddle, and will at once assume the
appearance of a friable mass. This sudden alteration is explained by the fact that
every particle of lime becomes impregnated with tar, and absorbs it in its pores,
so as to dry it as it were. It follows that when the mass is withdrawn it will
become spontaneously disaggregated, and can at once be passed through the
sieve.
To this tarred lime powder I add the desirable chemical agents or compositions,
such as potassium, sulphate of iron, ammonia, powdered bones, animal charcoal, or
the like. These substances, previously powdered, are added to the tarred lime
powder in a cold state.
My process is also applicable to plaster or gypsum, which may be used either in
place of the lime or be mixed with it.