Improvements in the Process of Printing, applicable to the Production of Placards, Programmes, and the like, and to the Ornamentation of Dyed Surfaces.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 12th June, 1896
Complete Specification Left. 12th Apr., 1897-Accepted, 15th May, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Process of Printing, applicable to the
Production of Placards, Programmes, and the like, and to
the Ornamentation of Dyed Surfaces.
I ROBERT ALFRED BOLAM of 46 Northumberland Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne,
Bachelor of Medicine, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of the present invention is to provide for the production, by means
of ordinary printing apparatus, of letter-press designs, &c., in light colors, or white,
against a background of darker shade.
Hitherto this effect has been produced by printing the back-ground with the
required color by means of a specially prepared block or its equivalent, leaving
the letters or design untouched by the printing surface, thus exposing the paper
in that part where the letters or design are intended to appear.
The objection to this method is that it cannot be carried out without a specially
prepared block or stone, the type suitable for ordinary printer's work not being
available.
Acccrding to the present invention, I propose to coat or dye the paper or other
surface to be printed on, with the color desired to form a back-ground, and to
apply, by means of ordinary type, a chemically-prepared printing ink, which will
discharge the color from those portions of the dyed paper or other surface with
which the type comes in contact, thus exposing the said surface, and giving the
printed matter or design in the natural hue of the surface, whether white or colored,
against the surrounding background, colored as previously described.
This method of printing is suitable for printing placards, bill-heads, programmes,
and various other papers of a like nature, as well as for producing other printed
matter of a fancy or ornamental character.
By way of example, I may employ, for dyeing the paper to be printed on,
Prussian blue, or Turnbull's blue, methyl green, or acid fuchsine (red), and, as a
discharging ink for eliminating the color from the parts printed on, I may use a
streng solution of a powerful alkali, such as caustic soda, caustic potash, soda lime,
alkaline carbonates, alkaline bypochlorites, alkaline hypobromites, &c., made to a
suitable consistency with some gummy material, such as gum arabic, gum tragacanth,
or British gum.
Or 1 may employ, as a paper dye, color like methyl blue, and discharge it with
a mineral acid, such as sulphuric or nitric acid.
Again, I may prepare the paper by treating it with iodine, which, with the
starch present in the paper, will form a blue compound that can be discharged
with sodium hyposulphite or with an alkali.
Dated this 12th day of June 1896.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in the Process of Printing, applicable to the
Production of Placards, Programmes, and the like, and to
the Ornamentation of Dyed Surfaces.
I ROBERT ALFRED BOLAM of 46 Northumberland Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne,
Bachelor of Medicine, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of the present invention is to provide for the production, by means
of ordinary printing apparatus, of letter-press designs &c. in light colors, or white,
against a back-ground of darker shade.
Hitherto this effect has been produced by printing the background with the
required color by means of a specially prepared block, or its equivalent, leaving
the letters or design untouched by the printing surface, thus exposing the paper
in that part where the letters or design are intended to appear.
The objection to this method is that it cannot be carried out without a specially
prepared block or stone, the type suitable for ordinary printer's work not being
available.
According to the present invention, I propose to coat or dye the paper, or other
surface to be printed on, with the color desired to form a background, and to
apply, by means of ordinary type, a chemically prepared printing ink, which will
discharge the color from those portions of the dyed paper or other surface with
which the type comes in contact, thus exposing the said surface, and giving the
printed matter or design in the natural hue of the surface, whether white or colored,
against the surrounding background, colored as previously described.
The fur r imposing, with ordinary type, of ordinary printer's ink, black or
colored, upon the light letters produced by my method, will give effects previously
unattainable, except by specially prepared blocks, or equivalent printing surfaces.
Thus, for example, after discharging blue dyed paper with certain type to form
light letters, ordinary red printer's ink may be applied to the type, and a second
impression on the same sheet taken, the letters will then appear red on the blue
ground. If the type, at the second printing with the red ink, be not exactly
registered, but slightly deviated, according to a method used by printers, a solid
effect is given to the letters, the main part of each letter appearing red, one or
more edges being tipped white, the othe purplish, the latter being the effect of
the combination of the red ink with the blue background, while the white edges,
having been missed in the printing, owing, to inexact registration of type, as
indicated, remain uncolored.
This method of printing is suitable for printing placards, bill-heads, programmes,
and various other papers of a like nature, as well as for producing other printed
matter of a fancy or ornamental character.
By way of example, I may employ, for dyeing the paper to be printed on,
malachite green, methyl green, Prussian blue or Turnbull's blue, acid violet, alkali
violet, brilliant green, guinea green, acid fuchsine, Bismarck brown, vesuvine, or
suitable mixtures of two or more of the above, the dyes being applied in watery
solution, with or without the addition of various substances of an inert nature, or
cálculated to combine with the excess of active discharging material in the inks,
such as, for example, alum, sugar of lead, kaolin, fireclay, barium sulphate, glue,
caseine, gypsum, borax, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, acetate of alumina, and asbestos;
and as a discharging ink for eliminating the color from the parts printed on,
I may use solutions of alkalies, such as caustic soda, caustic potash, caustic lime,

page_text: soda lime, alkaline carbonates, alkaline silicates, alkaline bypochlorites, alkaline
hypobromites, or combinations of two or more such agents, a suitable consistency
being attained, where necessary, by addition of some gummy or glutinous material,
such as gum arabic, gum tragacanth, British gum, soap, or glue; and for the sake
of rapid drying, and for convenience in use, I may also add certain inert
substances, or substances calculated to form mixtures of the nature of cements,
such as, for instance, kaolin, fireclay, zinc oxide, magnesia, alum, asbestos,
aluminate of potash, casein, whiting, white lead, Paris white, plaster of Paris,
borax, phosphate of lime, powdered glass, chalk, or sulphate of potash.
Or I may employ as a paper dye, color like methyl blue, and discharge it with
a mineral acid, such as sulphuric or nitric acid.
Again, I may prepare the paper by treating it with iodine, which, with the
starch present in the paper, will form a blue compound that can be discharged
with sodium hyposulphite, or with an alkali.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The herein described process of producing, by means of ordinary printing
apparatus, letterpress or designs in fight colors, or white, against a background
of darker shade, wherein the darker shade is first applied to the surface to be
printed on, and afterwards discharged in the manner set forth.
2. The hereinbefore described method of producing printed work, by discharging
the colors from previously dyed surfaces in the form of letters or figures desired
to be shown, and subsequently printing on said exposed portions with printer's ink
of a distinctive color, in the manner set forth.
11002
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.