AN IMPROVED FASTENING, ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE AS A SASH FASTENING.
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Solomon Deacon, of Alma Street, Hoxton, in the
County of Middlesex, Builder, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
FASTENING, ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE AS A SASH FASTENING.“
Sealed the 15th January 1869, and dated the 17th July 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Solomon Deacon at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 17th July 1868.
I, SOLOMON DEACON, of Alma Street, Hoxton, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED FASTENING, ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE AS A SASH FASTENING," to be
as follows:-
The object of this Invention is a secure fastening especially applicable
to sashes. The fastening consists mainly of two bars, arms, levers, or
plates, herein-after to avoid repetition called bars only, working on axes,
centres, pins, or pivots. They are toothed at the ends where they.
engage with each other, and they are worked so that their other ends
approach to and recede from each other. One bar is worked by hand

page_text: and its teeth engaging in the other bar work it outward or inward as
required. When the bars approach and lie near together over the
division or opening of the sash or article to be fastened the fastening
is effected, the teeth aided by a spring keeping the bars closed. To
open the fastening the bars are worked in an outward direction so that
they are pushed clear or free of the division or opening, and the sash
or article may then be opened. It is best to form one bar with a lip,
projection, recess, or socket to lie over or embrace the other bar when
closed. The toothed ends of the bars are preferably constructed by
forming the teeth on the square or nearly square ends of the bar on
two sides of such end, i.e., the butt end and part of the side or length
of the bar rounding off the angle.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Solomon Deacon in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 16th January 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SOLOMON
DEACON, of Alma Street, Hoxton, in the County of Middlesex, Builder,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Solomon Deacon, Her special licence
that I, the said Solomon Deacon, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Solomon Deacon, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
FASTENING, ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE AS A SASH FASTENING," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Solomon Deacon, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the

page_text: nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Solomon Deacon, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thercon, that is to
say:-
The object of this Invention is a secure fastening especially applicable
to sashes. The fastening consists mainly of two bars, arms, levers, or
plates (herein-after to avoid repetition called "bars" only) working on
axes, centres, pins, or pivots. They are toothed at the ends where they
engage with each other, and they are worked so that their other ends
approach to and recede from cach other. One bar is worked by hand,
and its teeth engaging in the other bar work it outward or inward as
required. When the bars approach and lie near together over the
division or opening of the sash or article to be fastened the fastening
is effected, the teeth aided by a spring keeping the bars closed. To open
the fastening the bars are worked in an outward direction so that they
are pushed clear or free of the division or opening, and the sash or
article to which the fastening is applied may then be opened. It is
best to form one bar with a lip, projection, recess, or socket to lie over
or embrace the other bar when closed. The toothed ends of the bars
are preferably constructed by forming the teeth on the square or
nearly square ends of the bars on two sides of such end, i.e., the butt
end and part of the side or length of the bar rounding off the angle.
I proceed to describe with reference to the Drawings fastenings
constructed according to this Invention in order that the mode of
performing the same may be well understood.

page_text: Figure 2. C*, 0%, are plates fixed to the meeting bars for receiving
the parts of the fastening; the plate C* has a top piece c*, as shewn.
D*, D³, are the working bars of the fastening.
Figures 3, 4, and 5 shew the bar D*, D', with the top plate
removed, Figure 3 being a plan shewing the bars closed, and Figure 4
a plan, and Figure 5 an edge view shewing the bars opened. The
bar D*, which is longer than the bar D³, is provided at one end with
a knob d for conveniently actuating it; at its opposite end d* it is
toothed. The shorter bar Ds is also toothed at its corresponding end d².
These bars are pivoted or centred at their toothed ends on pins or
axes e, e, firmly fixed to and between the plates C*, cx, the latter
partly concealing their toothed ends d*, d. The bar D* works on
the axis e*, and the bar D³ on the axis d³. The teeth of the bars D*, D³,
engage with each other, so that when the bar D* is moved by the
knob d and thereby caused to work on its axis e* it moves the bar D*
with it, and causes it to work on its axis e³. G is a spring fixed to the
plate C and bearing against a friction roller f mounted in a groove
in the toothed end of the bar D*; H is the catch or staple fixed on
the plate o* to receive and retain the end of the bar D* when brought
-over the junction of the mecting bars to close the sash. When, as in
Figure 1, the meeting bars A, B, are brought together and the bars
D*, D³, lic close together at their free ends as well as at their toothed ends
they lie over the junction of the meeting bars A, B, when the fastening is
in that position. The ends of the bar D* being held in the catch E the
window is firmly fastened, and if a nefarious attempt were made to
open-it by inserting a knife or sharp instrument between the meeting
bars against the edge of the bars D*, D³, in order to force them back the
bar D* would resist or prevent the bar D* from being pushed back, and it
therefore acts as a guard. The fastening is opened by moving the
bar D by its knob d in the direction of the arrow x, Fig. 3. This
bar D* by the engagement of its teeth d* will also move the bar D³,
so that the bars will work in opposite directions of motion, and their
free ends will recede from each other and quite clear the division or
junction between the meeting bars A, B, and leave the window
free to be opened. The bar D* is recossed at * on its under side,
and there is a recessed projection on the bar D³. These recesses k*, k³,
correspond with each other and come together when the fastening is
closed, the recess fitting under the recess *. The arrows, y,

page_text: shew the, direction of motion of the bars D*, D³, when they are
moved in order to open the fastening, & referring to D* and y to D³.
In some cases I employ another mode of combining and arranging
the two working bars, arms, levers, or plates constituting a modification
of the combination and arrangement above described.
Figures 6 and 7 are plans enlarged of this modification. Here the
longer working bar D* and the shorter working bar or guard D'
instead of being toothed are worked thus:-When the bar D* is pushed
back by its knob d to clear the junction between the sashes and open
the window, its other end works against the corresponding end of
the bar D³ and pushes it back, as in Figure 7, so that both bars D*, D³,
clear the opening between the meeting bars A, B. The bar D3, which
by preference is made of rectangular form, is guided by forming in it
a slot i travelling on a pin j fixed to the plate O*, and it is further
guided by a flange or ridge r forming part of the plate Ox. In this
modification the spring G presses against the end of the bar .D' instead
of against the bar D*. There is a friction roller f in the bar D* to
facilitate its working against the bar D³. When the fastening is
closed the spring G keeps both bars firmly in position. O*, C³, are
the plates, and e* axis of bar D*, as in the Figures 1, 2, 3.
Sometimes I arrange and combine the bars as shewn in plan
Figure 8, which constitutes another modification. Here e* is the
centre of the longer bar D* and e* the centre of the shorter bar D³
as before; i, rectangular or bayonet slot in bar D³; j, tooth or pin on
5 bar D* working in slot i. Here the bar D' is recessed, and a portion
5
of the bar D lies in it or is embraced by it, as shewn, the tooth j
keeping the bars engaged so that when the bar D* is moved back by
its knob d to open the sash the tooth travelling in the slot i keeps
the bar D engaged, and causes the bar D' to move back with it (as
shewn in dotted lines) and clear the division between the meeting
bars of the window. But if an attempt were make nefariously to
force back the bars D*, D³, by inserting an instrument against the
latter, the bar D' being engaged with the bar D* would resist the
action and operate as a guard, as before described.
Although the Drawings shew the fastening applied to a window
sash it may be applied in like manner to other articles.

page_text: Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same may be performed, I declare that I claim, the
improved construction of fastening wherein two bars, arms, levers, or
plates are combined and actuated substantially as described and
represented in the accompanying Drawings, the main feature of such
arrangement being the employment in combination with a working
bar, lever, or arm of another or second bar, lever, or arm acting as a
guard, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Solomon Deacon, have hercunto set
my hand and scal, this Fifteenth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
Witness,
M. HENRY,
68, Fleet Strect,
London.
SOLOMON DEACON. (L.S.)