Im- PROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR GENERATORS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Stead Crosland, of the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of “Im-
PROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR GENERATORS."
Sealed the 3rd April 1872, and dated the 17th October 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Stead Crosland
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 17th October 1871.
I, JAMES STEAD CROSLAND, of the City of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR GENERATORS," to be as
follows:-
My improvements relate to the boiler described in the Specification of
the Patent granted to me dated October 27th, A.D. 1870, and numbered,
2818, which boiler consists of two cylinders, one over the other, and
connected by conical tubes.

page_text: The object of my Invention is to add more heating surface to the said
boiler, and my improvements consist in combining four small cylinders
with the said boiler, two on cach side, and extending the entire length of
the main cylinders. The two cylinders at each side are placed nearly
vertically one over the other, and are connected together by short tubes, 5
and the upper cylinder of each pair is connected by two rows of tubes
with the upper cylinder of the two main cylinders of the boiler. In
some cases the two additional cylinders on each side of the main
cylinders of the boiler are connected directly by tubes with the lower
main cylinder as well as with the upper cylinder, or the lower cylinder 1
only of each pair of added cylinders is connected with the lower main
cylinder.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Stead Crosland in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 15th April 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
STEAD CROSLAND, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said James Stead Crosland, Her
special license that I, the said James Stead Crosland, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Stead
Crosland, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR GENERATORS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said James Stead Crosland, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe

page_text: and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Stead Crosland, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is
to say) :—
My improvements relate to the boiler described in the Specification
of the Patent granted to me dated October Twenty-seventh, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, and numbered
2818, which boiler consists of two cylinders, one over the other, connected
by peculiarly arranged conical tubes.
The object of my present Invention is to add more heating surface to
the said boiler, and my improvements consist in combining two or more
but by preference four small cylinders with the said boiler, two on each
side, and extending the entire length of the main cylinders, though
the object of my Invention will be in great part attained if the small
cylinders extend only part of the entire length of the main cylinders of
the boiler from the furnace end. The two small cylinders at each side
(when two only are used) are placed nearly vertically one over the
other and are connected together by short tubes, and the upper cylinder
of cach pair is connected by two rows of tubes with the upper cylinder
of the two main cylinders of the boiler. In some cases the two addi-
tional cylinders on each side of the main cylinders of the boiler are
connected directly by tubes with the lower main cylinder as well as
with the upper cylinder, or the lower cylinder only of each pair of added
cylinders is connected with the lower main cylinder.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal elevation in section; Fig. 2 is a plan section
taken at A, B, Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a cross sectional elevation taken at C,
D, Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a cross sectional elevation taken at E, F, Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is a longitudinal elevation in section taken at G, H, Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is a plan view with short added cylinders, and Fig. 7, a plan
section taken at the level I, J, Fig. 3, with the cylinders or boilers
omitted. In Figs. 2 and 5 the lower main boiler is shewn to extend
under the furnace bars, but in Fig. 1 it is made to terminate under the-

page_text: fire-bridge. In Fig. 6 the small additional cylinders are shown com-
bined with the two main cylinders, the small cylinders being only of
such length as to form the sides of the furnace though they may be of a
greater or less extent as required.
;
a is the upper main cylinder of the boiler; b, the lower main cylinder
connected by the conical tubes (c) secured to the sides of the boiler as
shewn, both flanges of the tubes being at the exterior of the cylinders
(a and b), but when the connecting tubes are placed in the centre
between the two main cylinders (a and b) same as the tubes c³ (sec Figs.
2 and 5) then they are fixed with their axis in an oblique position in
relation to the axes of the main cylinders so as to be removed and
replaced by being "canted" slightly to one side; d is the upper, e, the
lower small cylinders added on each side of the main cylinders a and b
the upper small cylinders (d) are connected by two rows of tubes d'
with the upper main cylinder (a), and the lower cylinders (e) arc con-
nected by similar tubes (e) with the cylinders d, and the lower cylinders
(e) are also connected by tubes e³ with the lower main cylinder b; f,
the fire-bars; g, the fire-bridge; h, a crown arch forming a separation
between the cylinders a and b to form the flues. The gases and products
of combustion from the fire may pass directly above the crown arch (h)
to the end of the cylinders (a, d, and c,) then descend and return towards
the fire-place below the crown arch, and in contact with the upper
surface of the cylinder b and those parts of the connecting tubes within
the flue, and the gaseous products may then pass to the under side of
the lower cylinder 6 and then to the chimney. But I prefer to divide
the flue to form two flues both above and below the crown arch h by a
brick partition (j), so that the products of combustion will pass from the
fire above the crown arch along one side and return along the other side
and then descend below the crown arch and pass along the flue on one
side of it, then return along the other side under the crown arch towards
the fire-place, there descend into the flue below the main cylinder ↳ and
pass to the chimney. The feed water for the boiler is fed to the lower
cylinder h

page_text: with the fire-place and flues arranged substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Stead Crosland, have hereunto
set
my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.