Improvements in Machines for Kneading Dough or analogous Substances.
Year: 1894

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Kneading Dough or analogous
Substances.
I, THEODOR KADE, of Bergeborbeck, Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
-
Usually machines for kneading dough, or similar substances, consist principally
of a semi-cylindrical trough open at the top and a shaft provided with arms to stir
or mix the dough.
There are various systems which are used but nearly all have disadvantages for
practical use. For instance, in one system, the dough is worked round more or less
in the trough, and therefore the mixing process is very slow. It has been proposed
to avoid this disadvantage by various means.
Other systems are successful as the dough is more thoroughly kneaded, but they
require constant attention. Another disadvantage is that it is necessary to use
open and crossed belts to reverse the motion of the mixers which make the
machines more complicated and costly.
By my invention
dispense with the reversing mechanism and my machine
requires less power to work it than the ordinary machines. It consists of a
reservoir with two screws which revolve round the same axis but the threads or
blades of which are in opposite directions. The threads or blades of the two
screws are of different diameters and so arranged as to clear each other. For
example the outer or right hand screw is supported only on bosses at the ends of
the trough, and hollowed out beneath clear of the shaft sufficiently to admit within
it the inner or left hand screw. The speed of one of the screws is preferably
greater than the other, and this is provided for by suitable gearing attached
respectively to the shaft and to a sleeve, but they may revolve at the same speed.
By this means the dough is worked along to one end of the trough by one screw
and then back by the other screw. A reversing mechanism is therefore unnecessary
as the dough is moved along by one of the screws and is continually being cut up
and kneaded.
Dated this 26th day of September 1894.
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
433 Strand, London, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Machines for Kneading Dough or analogous
Substances.
1, THEODOR KADE, Manufacturer, of Bergeborbeck, Germany, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manuer the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Most of the machines for kneading dough or similar substances, hitherto known,
consist principally of a semi-cylindrical trough open at the top and a shaft
provided with arms to stir or mix the dough.

page_text: Various systems are used, but nearly all have disadvantages; some require open
and crossed belts to reverse the motion of the mixers which renders the machines
more complicated and costly.
My invention has for its object to dispense with the reversing mechanism and to
reduce the power required to work kneading machines. It is illustrated by the
accompanying drawings of which Fig. 1 is an end elevation and Fig. 2 a vertical
section of a machine embodying my invention; Fig. 4 is a back elevation and
Fig. 3 a detail view.
The machine chiefly comprises a trough a containing two screws or helically
curved blades c, d, which revolve on the same axis, but are wound or inclined in
opposite directions, one being right handed and the other left handed. The two
screws or blades have different diameters and are so arranged, as to clear each
other. For example the outer or right hand screw c is supported only on bosses
at the ends of the trough, and hollowed out beneath clear of the shaft sufficiently
to admit within it the inner or left hand screw d. The speed of one of the
screws is preferably greater than the other, and this is provided for by suitable
gearing attached respectively to the shaft and to a sleeve, as shown by the
drawings, but they may revolve at the same speed.
The blade or helix c receives the dough which has been pressed outward by the
blade d and guides it to the casing a, subsequently forcing it along the wall b again
towards the blade d, which then repeats its operation. The dough is therefore
constantly shifted by the helically curved blades crossing each other, and is
repeatedly cut up by the same, and a reversing mechanism is consequently
unnecessary.
Instead of forming a continuous blade, one or each of the mixing arms may be
composed of a helically arranged series of arms, like the arms d' shown in Fig. 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A kneading and mixing machine, comprising in its construction a pair of
coaxial screws, helically curved blades, or helically arranged series of mixing arms
wound in opposite directions and adapted to revolve together in the interior of a
trough, the said blades or mixing arms having unequal diameters and one being
placed inside the other, substantially as described.
2. In a kneading and mixing machine, a pair of coaxial screws helically curved
blades or helically arranged series of mixing arms, arranged coaxially one within the
other in the interior of a trough and adapted to revolve on their axis in the same
direction, but at different speeds, substantially as described.
Dated this 17th day of June 1895.
FAIRFAX & WETTER.
433, Strand, London, Agents.