IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHI- NEDY POD Donn AND DO
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Kay, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of
Lancaster, Cashier, and Isaac Kay, of Lever Bridge, near Bolton-le-
Moors, aforesaid, Doubler, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHI-
NEDY POD Donn
AND DO "
Sealed the 2nd July 1861, and dated the 4th March 1861..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Kay and Isaac
Kay at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 4th March 1861.
We, WILLIAM KAY, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, Cashier,
and ISAAC KAY, of Lever Bridge, near Bolton-le-Moors, aforesaid, Doubler,.
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN'
MACHINERY FOR DOUBLING AND DOUBLE-TWISTING YARN," to be as follows:-
Our Invention for doubling yarn consists in doubling it at two or more
operations instead of at one operation as heretofore customary. The
machinery we employ for this purpose.consists of an ordinary doubling frame,
and a second machine with intermediate spindles, by the former the yarns are:
doubled and wound on bobbins with a small amount of twist, and by the
latter the remainder of the twist is imparted.
The bobbins from the first or preliminary doubling frame are placed in an
inverted position upon the intermediate spindles of the second machine, and

page_text: the doubled yarn is drawn off these spindles by the ordinary rollers, and again
wound on to bobbins by means of a flyer of the usual construction.
The spindles on which the bobbins from the preliminary doubling frame are
placed, are made to revolve by a drum and bands or other equivalent means,
and as the partially doubled yarn is drawn off such bobbins a second twist is
given to it, while a third twist is imparted by the flyer in winding the doubled
yarn on to the last bobbins. In double twisting single yarn the preliminary
doubling frame is unnecessary. The bobbins of yarn from the ordinary winding
frame may in such case be placed on the intermediate spindles of the second
machine, and the second and further twist may be given to the yarn by the two
distinct motions or operations before mentioned.
If it be desired in some cases of doubling yarn to dispense with the inter-
mediate spindles, a creel and skewers may be substituted for them and the
partially doubled yarn will be drawn from the bobbins by the rollers in the
ordinary way, but in such case the doubling will be effected with two twists only
instead of three.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Kay and Isaac Kay in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 31st August 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
KAY, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, Cashier, and ISAAC KAY,
of Lever Bridge, near Bolton-le-Moors, aforesaid, Doubler, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said William Kay and Isaac Kay, Her special licence, that we, the said
William, Kay and Isaac Kay, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said William Kay and Isaac Kay, our executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times. thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DOUBLING AND DOUBLE-TWISTING
YARN," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William Kay
and Isaac Kay, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing

page_text: under our or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Kay and Isaac Kay, do hereby
declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):—
The nature of our Invention consists in doubling yarn at two or more opera-
tions instead of at one operation, as heretofore customary, and we wish to
remark here that by the term " doubling" we must be understood to include the
process of combining and twisting together of two or more yarns. The
machinery we employ for this purpose consists of an ordinary doubling frame
and a second machine with intermediate spindles, by the former the yarns are
doubled and wound on bobbins with a small amount of twist, and by the latter
the remainder of the twist is imparted. The bobbins from the first or prelimi-
nary doubling frame are taken to a winding frame, that the produce of several
bobbins may be wound upon one larger bobbin before placing them on the
intermediate spindles, or they are at once placed upon the intermediate spindles
of the second machine, but in either case the bobbins must be placed on these
spindles in an inverted position, and the doubled yarn is drawn off the bobbins
on these spindles by the ordinary rollers and again wound on to bobbins by
means of a flyer of the usual construction.
The intermediate spindles on which the bobbins from the preliminary doubling
frame are placed are made to revolve by a drum and bands, or other equivalent
means, and as the partially doubled yarn is drawn off such bobbins a second
twist is given to it, while a third twist is imparted by the flyer in winding the
doubled yarn on to the last bobbins.
In some cases the doubling may be effected with two twists only, instead
of three. In double twisting single yarn the bobbins of yarn from the throstle
or from the ordinary winding frame are placed on the intermediate spindles
of the second machine.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect; we will proceed to describe the means pursued by us, reférence
being had to the accompanying Drawing and to the figures and letters
marked thereon.
:.
. The cops or bobbins of yarn from the ordinary spinning machines are first
taken to a doubling frame of the usual construction, by which the single yarns

page_text: are doubled, and a small portion of the whole amount of twist is given; this first
operation is not illustrated by Drawings as we use the ordinary doubling frame,
but as only a small amount of twist is given, the rollers are made to revolve
much faster than usual. The bobbins from the first or preliminary doubling
frame above referred to, are either taken to a winding frame of the usual
construction in order to wind the produce of several small bobbins on to a
larger bobbin, or they are placed at once upon the intermediate spindles of the
second machine, which is shewn in section in Fig. 1 of the accompanying
Drawing, and partly in plan in Fig. 2, but in either case the bobbins must be
placed in an inverted position on the intermediate spindles to that which they
held when the yarn was wound upon them, so that they may revolve in the same
direction when the yarn is drawn off them, as that which they followed when
the yarn was wound' upon them..
On referring to these Figures it will be seen that the intermediate spindles
marked a, a, are represented as placed alternately in two rows on each side of
the frame the upper ends of these spindles project above the bearing rails b, b,
and the bobbins c, c, containing the partially doubled yarn are placed on the
spindles, the partially doubled yarn from each bobbin c is taken through a
guide d, then over the guide rail e, and through an eye projecting from
the side of the trough f, containing water or other fluid, the yarn is moistened
and the fibres laid in the usual manner by passing over the rubber g, and
then it passes between the bottom roller h, and top roller i, which rollers
draw the yarn from the bobbins c, and from them the yarn is taken as in
ordinary doubling frames, to the flyers j, and wound in a finished state on to
.the bobbins k. The flyers j are fixed as usual on the spindles l. Fig. 3,
shews the trough fin another position, which in some cases is preferable. The
partially doubled yarns are taken from the bobbins c, over the guide rail d',
then over the rubber g¹ in the trough f¹, the water or other liquid in which
gives the requisite moisture to the yarns, which then pass over the rail e';
and thence after passing over the dry rubber g, to the rollers h and i,
as before described. One mode of driving the spindles a and 7 may be
as follows, in the centre of the frame is the tin drum m, around which pass the
bands n, each band is taken from the drum m, first to the upper groove in
the double wharve , then to the wharve a¹, then to the lower groove in the
wharve, and then back to the drum m, the wharves a', are made by pre-
ference of half the diameter of the wharves, consequently the spindles a, are
driven about twice the velocity of the spindles 7; when it is desirable to
impart thirty-two twists in an inch to the finished double yarn, we prefer to
give eight twists in an inch by the preliminary doubling frame of the

page_text: usual construction, there will then remain twenty-four twists to be given by
the second machine, and as the intermediate spindles a, in the illustration now
given are made to revolve at double the speed of the spindles l, sixteen twists
in the inch will be given by the intermediate spindles, and eight by the
spindles 7, thus making the total number of thirty-two. Although we have
given the above details in order to render our Invention perfectly intelligible
it is evident that the quantity of twist imparted at the various stages of the
operation, and the relative velocities of the spindles can be varied without de-
parting from the peculiar character of our Invention. The object of these
improvements is to economise time in doubling yarn and to produce a more
even and uniform twist than can be obtained by the method hitherto adopted.
If it be desired in some cases of doubling yarn to dispense with the intermediate
spindles, a creel and skewers may be substituted for them, and the partially
doubled yarn will be drawn from the bobbins by the rollers in the ordinary
way, but in such case the doubling will be effected with two twists only instead
of three, or two or more yarns may be wound on bobbins or spools without
having been twisted together partially doubled, which bobbins or spools may
be then placed on the spindles a, and the doubling or twisting effected at two
operations on the same machine.
or
In double twisting single yarn the preliminary doubling frame is unnecessary.
The bobbins of yarn from the throstle or from the ordinary winding frame may
in such case be placed on the spindles a of the second machine, and the second
and further twist may be given to the yarn by the two distinct motions or
operations before mentioned.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention and described one mode of
performing the same, we declare that we claim the doubling of yarn as herein-
before mentioned at two or more operations, and the machinery shewn and
described and any modification thereof for effecting the same result, and we
also claim the improvements in double-twisting single yarn as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Kay and Isaac Kay, have
hereto set our hands and seals, the Twenty-fourth day of August, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
WILLIAM KAY. (L.8.)
ISAAC KAY.
(L.B.)
WILLIAM KAY. (L.S.)
ISAAC KAY.
(L.S.)