Year: 1888

page_text: I, EDWARD CHRISTOPHER BLACKSTONE of the Firm of Jeffery & Blackstone of
Stamford in the County of Lincoln, Agricultural Implement Makers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to lessen the strain on the flyers and gear wheels of
a haymaking machine when the progress of the machine is suddenly arrested, as for
instance when it stopped at the headland previous to turning round, :.nd also to
prevent back action when turning, whereby the clogging of the gear now so common
will be prevented, and the invention consists in arranging the machine so that the
flyers will be allowed to gradually stop irrespective of the sudden stoppage of the
driving or travelling wheels and that the travelling wheels will be free to back
without acting on the tine mechanism.
In carrying out this invention, which is applicable to either single or double action
haymakers, I mount loosely on the boss of the driving or travelling wheel, the tooth
wheel which drives the tine mechanism or flyers. On the back of this wheel, I form
an annular concentric flange, on the inside of which are ratchet teeth.
On the boss of the travelling wheel 1 secure a disc of such a diameter as will fit
loosely inside the annular flange, and to this disc I pivot a pawl which will take into
the teeth of the ratchet. By this arrangement, the travelling wheels, while travelling,
will drive the tine mechanism, but when the travelling wheels are suddenly stopped,
the flyers will be free to make several rotations before their impetus is expended, as
the pawl will slip over the ratchet teeth. In this way, the strain on the gear and the
flyers, when the machine is stopped, will be reduced to a minimum.
Instead of placing the ratchet gear on the boss of the travelling wheel, I may
adapt it to the barrel of the flyer or tine mechanism. In this case, the barrel will be
divided, instead of continuous as heretofore, and one part will carry the internal
ratchet wheel, while the other will carry the disc and pawl; or the driving pinion
may be connected to the barrel by a ratchet and pawl arrangement. In both these
cases, the mechanism may be enclosed in a box on the revolver or flyer axle. The
action will be the same in this arrangement as in that previously described.

page_text: Or I may apply the ratchet arrangement to the intermediate or idle pinion of
double action machines as well as to the direct driving pinion on the flyer spindle.-
These two together would answer the purpose required on a double action machine as
well as the ratchet arrangement on the driving wheel only.
In fact, the essential feature of the invention is the adaptation of one or more
ra'chet arrangements anywhere between the road wheels and the barrels of the tine
mechanism, so that the latter will be driven only in the direction required at the time,
and when the driving power is taken off, will be free to rotate until the impetus they
have attained is expended.
1000

page_text: Improvements in Haymakers.
I EDWARD CHRISTOPHER BLACKSTONE of the Firm of Jeffery and Blackstone of
Stamford, in the County of Lincoln, Agricultural Implement Makers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to lessen the strain on the flyers and gear wheels of
a haymaking machine, when the progress of the machine is suddenly arrested, as for
instance when it is stopped at the headland previous to turning round, and incidentally
to prevent the back action of the flyers when turning, whereby the clogging of the
gear, now so common, will be prevented.
My improvements relate to both single and double action haymakers, but only to
that class in which the tine barrel 'drum or flyer axle is situated behind the axis of
the travelling wheels. The advantages which I design to secure, I effect by arranging,
the machine so that the flyers will be allowed to rotate by their own momentum,
when from any cause, the travelling wheels are suddenly stopped, and will have no
tendency to reverse their rotation during the turning of the machine at the
headland.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 shews in side view, and
Fig. 2 in partial back view, a single back action haymaker constructed according
to my invention.
In these Figures, the travelling wheels are indicated at A, both sides of the
machine being identical in construction.
B is the framing of the machine, fitted with a pair of stud axles for receiving the
travelling wheels, and carrying also the dead axle C, on which the barrels C¹ of the
tine flyers D are loosely mounted.
Made fast to the inner side of each travelling wheel, is a ring of internal teeth A¹,
into which gears a pinion c sliding on a feather on the barrel C.
The barrel is divided at the dotted line **, and the adjacent ends of the divided
barrel are fitted, the one with a ratchet wheel c¹, and the other with a disc carrying
a pawl ², for taking into the teeth of the ratchet wheel.
When, therefore, the haymaker is drawn forward, the flyers will be caused to
revolve in the direction of the arrow Fig. 1, and as the two barrels carrying the
flyers are similarly provided, and driven from their respective travelling wheels, it
follows that when the machine is turned, the off wheel only will continue to act as a
driver, the pawl which transmits motion from the other, or near wheel, slipping over
its ratchet as that rotates through the momentum stored in the flyers, the near whee
having ceased to advance.
From this description it will be understood that when the draught horse is stopped,
and the travel of both wheels is consequently arrested, the flyers will be free to
revolve and clear themselves from the hay which has been caught into the tines.―
Thus, the tendency of clogging the machine will be entirely avoided,

page_text: I have not thought it necessary to show, in the drawing, the construction of the
casing for closing in the gearing, as there is nothing new in relation thereto.--It
may, however, be well to remark that this casing will carry the lever which is used
for sliding the pinion e into and out of gear with the ring of teeth A'.
Fig. 3 shews in sectional side elevation, my invention as applied to a double action
haymaker, and
Fig. 4 is a transverse section of one half of the same, taken in the line 1, 2 of
Fig. 3, and looking towards the back of the machine.
In this example, the travelling wheels A are mounted, as before, on stud axles, and
on the inner face of their hubs, spring pawls a are fitted.
The stud axles of the tavelling wheels are securely attached to cast iron side
casings B B, which form the framing of the machine, and serve to cover in the
gearing. These casings are braced together at back by a dead axle, which carries the
tine barrels, and in front by a cross bar (not shown in the drawing) attached to
draught irons B', which are socketted to the casings, and bolted thereto.
Mounted loosely on the stud axles of the travelling wheels, or still better, on
elongated bosses of the travelling wheels, are spur wheels C, which are cast with
enlarged bosses carrying ratchet teeth on their inner periphery. The inner diameter
of these bosses is such as will enable them to receive the hubs of their adjacent
travelling wheels, together with the spring pawls which they carry.
Fig. 5 shews in end view, one of these hubs with its spring pawl attached. The
tendency of these pawls a, by reason of their springs a¹, is to lock into the ring of
ratchet teeth carried by the spur wheel C, and thus to connect this wheel with its
adjacent travelling wheel A, when the latter is moving forward.
Fitted to each side casing is a second stud axle, on which is loosely mounted a
pair of spur pinions (", having a sleeve boss in common. One of these pinions is
always in gear with its spur wheel C, its use being to transmit motion to the adjacent
tine barrel, when the action of the machine is required to be reversed.
D) is the tine barrel axle bolted to the rear end of the casings B, and upon this
axle are mounted, as usual, the tine barrels D.-A feather on the outer extension of
each tine barrel carries a pair of spur pinions D², capable of being shifted in and
out of gear by a clutch lever. Of these pinions, one serves to gear with the spur
wheel (for forward action, and the other with the innermost pinion C₁ for back
action.
When the machine is set for back action, as shewn at Fig. 4, the double pinion D²
is in gear with the pinion C'; when, however, the forward action is required, the
double pinion D2 is slidden into gear with the spur wheel C, as shewn at Fig. 4º.
Fig. 6 is a partial back view of a haymaker, shewing the arrangement of gearing
just described somewhat modified, inasmuch as the pawl and ratchet arrangement for
transmitting the motion of the travelling wheel is duplicated, and used to connect
together both he pairs of pinions C and the pairs of pinions D2.
In this case, the hub of the travelling wheel is made in one with the spur wheel C,
which wheel is always in gear with one of the spur pinions C₁, as before, and
occasionally with the spur pinion D2 on the tine barrel.
As the pinions D2 require to have an independent axial motion, and yet be able to
slide together on the tine barrel, it is requisite to mount one pinion on a sleeve of
the other. Thus, when, by the momentum of the tine barrel, its pinion is carried
round, the other pinion mounted on the sleeve, and carrying the driving pawl, will
remain quiescent, the pawl tripping over the ratchet teeth of the rotating pinion.
In Fig. 6, the pinions D2 are represented in an intermediate position, both being
thrown out of gear.-The shifting of the pinions to this drawn position enables the
machine to travel without axial motion being imparted to the tine barrels.
When the pinions C₁ are in gear, a back action will be transmitted to the tine
barrel, but when the motion is transmitted from the spur wheel (, directly through
the gearing D2 on the barrel, the direction of rotation will be reversed, and a forward
action will be the result.
On stopping the machine, as when arriving at the headland the flyers will continue

page_text: to revolve until the momentum is expended, and that irrespective of the direction in
which the flyers are driven.
Thus, in one case, the pawl connecting together the pair of pinions C¹ will overrun
its ratchet teeth, and in the other case, the pawl connecting together the pinions D²
will be caused to overrun the teeth of its ratchet. The result of this will be, as
already explained, the complete discharge from the tines of the hay taken up by
them, and the removal of all strain from the gearing, due to the resistance of the
momentum of the tine barrels.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of Фу said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is : -
The means above described whereby the tine barrels of haymakers which have
their tine barrel axle behind the axis of the travelling wheels, are enabled to expend
their momentum without straining the gearing of the machine, and are prevented
from reversing their direction of rotation during the turning of the machine at the
headland.