A THRASHING, STRAW-SHAKING, RIDDLING, AND WINNOWING MACHINE COMBINED
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Hart, of the Vale of White Horse
Iron Works, Wantage, in the County of Berkshire, Agricultural
Implement Manufacturer, for the Invention of "A THRASHING,
32
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Hart
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st December 1852.
I, CHARLES HART, of the Vale of Whitehorse Iron Works,
Wantage, in the County of Berkshire, Agricultural Implement Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A THRASHING, STRAW-SHAKING, RIDDLING, AND WINNOWING MACHINE
COMBINED," to be as follows: -
Nearly in the centre of the machine, which is portable, and may
be driven by horses, steam or water power, is placed the thrashing
apparatus, from whence the straw passes off at one end to riddle or
make up, while the caving (i. e. short straws) is separated and
deposited at the opposite end of the machine.

page_text: The corn and chaff passes over two riddles, working at right
angles to each other, in connection with the hay trough, and being
then acted upon by the blowing apparatus, the chaff is deposited at
one side of the machine and the corn at the other.
By this new modification and arrangement of the apparatus, the
straw, caving, chaff, and corn each travel in a different direction, so
that subsequent admixture is prevented.
Space is also obtained for the addition of a barley hummeller,
extra blower and cross riddles, if required, so as to finish dressing
the grain for market as well in the field as in the barn.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said Charles Hart in the Great Seal
. Patent Office on the 1st June 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM. THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
CHARLES HART, of the Vale of White Horse Iron Works, Wantage,
in the County of Berkshire, Agricultural Implement Manufacturer,
send greeting..
גי. .:
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, bý Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand: eight hundred and fifty-two, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said Charles Hart, Her special
licence that I, the said Charles Hart, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles Hart, my exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"A THRASHING, STRAW-SHAKING, RIDDLING, AND WINNOWING MACHINE
COMBINED," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Charles Hart, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said

page_text: Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
Which Invention was described in the Provisional Specification
recorded in the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the First
day of December herein-before mentioned, to be as follows: "Nearly
in the centre of the machine, which is portable, and may be driven
by horses, steain or water power, is placed the thrashing apparatus,
from whence the straw passes off at one end to riddle or make up,
while the caving (that is, short straws) is separated and deposited
at the opposite end of the machine. The corn and chaff passes
over two riddles, working at right angles to each other, in con-
nection with the long trough, and being then acted upon by the
blowing apparatus, the chaff is deposited at one side of the machine
and the corn at the other. By this new modification and arrange-
ment of the apparatus, the straw, caving, chaff, and corn cach
travel in a different direction, so that subsequent admixture is
prevented. Space is also obtained for the addition of a barley
hummeller, extra blower and cross riddles, if required, so as to finish
dressing the grain for market as well in the field as in the barn.".
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Hart, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say):
Figure 1, is a perspective clevation of a Thrashing, Straw-shaking,
Riddling, and Winnowing Machine, constructed agreeably to my
Invention; and Figure 2, is a plan view thereof. The same letters
refer to similar parts in each of these Drawings. A, is the pulley
and axle, and B, the drum or beater, of the thrashing apparatus,
which may be of the usual description. C, C, are the straw shakers
(worked by the cranks d, d, in the ordinary manner), by the
motion of which the straw is carried forward and delivered out at

page_text: the front of the machine at E;f, f, is the long trough by which the
corn, chaff, and caving (that is, short-straw), iš carried backward
to the riddle G, G, to which a jogging or rocking motion is
communicated by cranks, g, g, shewn by the red lines in. Figure 2;
h, h, are the suspending rods. I, I, is a second, or cross riddle,
suspended from the riddle G, G, at right angles thereto, and
moving with it. The form and position of the second or cross
riddle is shewn by the red lines in the plan view, Figure 2. K, is
the fan blower or winnowing apparatus, worked by bevil gearing,
-K, K, as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 2. L, L, are sloping
boards for catching the corn, and directing it to the near side of
-the machine, where it is received in a chest or trough, M.. This
machinery being set in motion by horses, steam, or other convenient
prime mover, the corn is fed in at the upper part of the machine,
and passing through the thrashing apparatus the grain is beaten
out. The straw is carried forward by, the action of the shakers C, C;
and delivered at-E; while the corn; chaff, and caving travel back-
ward down the long 'trough f, f, to the riddle G, G, from whence
the caving passes off at N. The corn and chaff pass through-the
first riddle G, G, to the second or cross riddle I, I, from whence the
chaff is blown out at the off side of the machine, and deposited at
O; while the corn, perfectly dressed and clean, is deposited on the
opposite side of the machine at P. R, R, is an endless band witli
cups or buckets for raising the corn, and filling into sacks for
market. S, S, shew the position of two screws at the back part of
the machine, by means of which the chaff, caving, and corn are
effectually prevented from admixture after leaving the machine...
Note, that I do not-claim as of my Invention any part of the
thrashing, straw shaking, or winnowing apparatus taken separately,
as they are of the description heretofore employed for these
purposes...
:
יךָ --
What I claim as new. and of my Invention is, firstly, the use of
two riddles fixed at right angles to each other, as herein-before
described and shewn in the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly, I claim the peculiar position, combination, and arrange-

page_text: ment of the thrashing, straw shaking, riddling, and winnowing
apparatus in a portable machine so as to effectually dress the corn,
and deliver the products at the opposite sides and ends of the
machine, as herein-before described and shewn.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Hart, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this First day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
CHARLES HART. (L.S.)
Witness,
WILLIAM BADDELEY,
31, Essex Street, Strand.