Improvements in and Connected with the Purification of Sewage and other Foul Liquids.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 19th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 26th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Connected with the Purification of Sewage
and other Foul Liquids.
I, CHARLES HENRY BELOE, of Victoria Mansions, Victoria Street, Westminster, in
the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention to be as follows:
For the purposes of precipitation, deodorization or purification, of foul liquids,
suitable precipitating, deodorizing, purifying or other materials, either in a liquid,
or granulated state, or in the form of powder, are mixed with the liquid to be acted
upon (for example-sewage) in proportions to suit the volume of liquid under
treatment.
According to my invention I provide means whereby the feed or supply of the
material to the liquid under treatment is automatically proportioned to the volume
of that liquid by the flow of such liquid through a chamber or passage and is
thoroughly mixed with the liquid.
For example, in the carrying out of my invention I suspend in the sewer,
channel, or duct, through which the liquid to be treated passes, a lever or arm with
a paddle fitted to the lower extremity thereof shaped to correspond with the bottom
of the channel, sewer, or duct, and free to swing therein. To the upper extremity
of this arm I attach a cut-off valve which controls the mouth of a hopper containing
the material to be supplied to the liquid.
Above the cut-off valve I place a second valve, by means of which the maximum
quantity of material which can flow from the hopper is regulated. Below the cut-off
valve I place a spout to lead the material into the channel, sewer, or duct through
which the liquid flows. When no liquid is flowing along the channel, sewer, or duct
the suspended arm or lever will be in a vertical position and the mouth of the
hopper closed. When the flow of liquid commences, the arm will be deflected and
the cut-off valve opened and the material allowed to pass from the hopper into the
liquid in the channel, sewer or duct. As the flow of the liquid increases, the
deflection of the lever becomes greater and the cut-off valve is opened wider and a
greater quantity of material is supplied to the liquid. As the flow decreases the arm
becomes more vertical and the supply is reduced by the cut-off valve; and when
the flow ceases, the cut-off valve closes the mouth of the hopper. Immediately
adjoining the spout which conveys the material into the sewer, I construct a chamber,
in which the course of the liquid is diverted several times from its original course
by means of baffle plates or divisions or weirs built across the chamber, so as to
cause a thorough mixture of the materials and the liquid to be treated. Or instead
of the lever and arm I place in the sewer, channel, or duct, an undershot water
wheel, the periphery of the wheel being shaped to correspond with the bottom of the
channel or sewer. Above the wheel I place a shaft having on it provisions connected
with the water wheel so as to revolve simultaneously with the wheel.
The cut-off valve which
provisions are provided with one or more projections.
closes the mouth of the hopper containing the materials to be supplied to the liquid
is furnished on its lower side with a projecting rib or equivalent device. As the
wheel revolves by the action of the liquid, the provisions are brought in contact with
the rib on the underside of the cut-off valve and open the valve allowing a portion
of the contents of the hopper to pass into the spout and thence into the liquid to be
treated; as the revolution of the wheel continues, the provisions cease to be in contact
with the cut-off valve, which is immediately closed by means of a spring or weight.
Thus an intermittent supply is given.
These
One or more provisions may be used to regulate the intervals between the openings
l

page_text: The material will be supplied in proportion to the volume of liquid to be treated
as the revolutions of the wheel will increase in direct proportion to the current of the
liquid in the sewer, channel, or duct.
In machines of considerable size an agitator may be placed in the hopper, driven
by means of gearing, for the purpose of agitating and mixing the materials placed in
the hopper.
Dated this 10th day of Decahan 1000
CHARLES HENRY BELOE.
By Cheesbrough & Royston,
Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Connected with the Purification of Sewage
and other Foul Liquids.
I, CHARLES HENRY BELOE, of Victoria mansions, Victoria Street, Westminster, in
the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described in and by the following statement :-
For the purposes of precipitation, deodorization, or purification of foul liquids,
suitable precipitating, deodorizing, purifying, or other materials, either in a liquid, or
granulated state, or in the form of powder, are mixed with the liquid to be acted
upon (for example, sewage) in proportions to suit the volume of liquid under
treatment.
According to my Invention, the feed or supply of the material to the liquid under
treatment is automatically proportioned to the volume of that liquid by the flow of
such liquid through or into a chamber or passage, and such material is thoroughly
mixed with the liquid.
An example of means for carrying out my Invention consists in suspending in a
sewer, channel, or duct through which the liquid to be treated passes, a lever or arm,
with a paddle fitted to the lower extremity thereof, shaped to correspond with the
bottom of the channel, sewer, or duct, and free to swing therein. To the upper
extremity of this arm I attach a cut off valve, which controls the mouth of a hopper
containing the material to be supplied to the liquid.
Above the cut off valve I place a second valve, by means of which the maximum
quantity of material which can flow from the hopper is regulated. Below the cut
off valve I place a spout, to lead the material into the channel, sewer, or duct
through which the liquid flows. When no liquid is flowing along the channel,
sewer, or duct the suspended arm or lever will be in a vertical position and the
mouth of the hopper closed. When the flow of the liquid commences, the arm will
bé deflected and the cut off valve opened, and the material allowed to pass from the
hopper into the liquid in the channel, sewer, or duct. As the flow of the liquid
increases, the deflection of the lever becomes greater, and the cut off valve is opened
wider, and a greater quantity of material is supplied to the liquid. As the flow
decreases the arm becomes more vertical and the supply is reduced by the cut off
valve; and when the flow ceases the cut off valve closes the mouth of the hopper.
Immediately adjoining the spout which conveys the material into the sewer, I
construct a chamber, in which the course of the liquid is diverted several times from
its original course, by means of baffle plates or divisions or weirs built across the
chamber, so as to cause a thorough mixture of the materials and the liquid to be
treated. Or, instead of the lever and arm, I place in the sewer, channel, or duct,
an under shot water wheel, the periphery of the wheel being adapted to correspond
with the bottom of the channel or sewer. Above the wheel I place a shaft having
on it discs or their equivalent, connected with the water wheel so as to revolve
simultaneously with the wheel. These discs are provided with one or more projections.
The cut off valve which closes the mouth of the hopper containing the materials to
be supplied to the liquid, is furnished on its lower side with a projecting rib or

page_text: equivalent device. As the wheel revolves by the action of the liquid, the discs are
brought in contact with the rib on the underside of the cut off valve, and open the
valve, allowing a portion of the contents of the hopper to pass into the spout, and
thence into the liquid to be treated; as the revolution of the wheel continues, the
discs cease to be in contact with the cut off valve, which is immediately closed by
means of a spring or weight. Thus an intermittent supply is given.
One or more discs may be used to regulate the intervals between the openings of
the valve.
The material will be supplied in proportion to the volume of liquid to be treated
as the revolutions of the wheel will increase, in direct proportion to the current of
the liquid in the sewer, channel or duct.
An agitator is placed in the hopper and driven by means of gearing, for the
purpose of agitating and mixing the materials placed in the hopper and causing them
to flow freely through the hopper mouth.
Having thus specified generally the nature, object, and purposes of my Invention,
its description will now be proceeded with in reference to the annexed sheets of
diagrams (which make a part of this Specification) by way of explaining more fully
the nature, objects and effects of my Invention.
The diagrams and the description of them set forth together examples of apparatus
and appliances and modes of application designed on the lines already generally
defined for use in carrying out my Invention.
The diagrams are marked with letters and figures of reference corresponding with
those used in the following explanation, and like letters and figures are used to
denote the same or corresponding parts throughout the various Figures.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DIAGRAMS.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation, illustrating an arrangement of apparatus and
appliances for automatically supplying precipitating, deodorizing, purifying, or other
materials, to liquids, according to my Invention.
Figure 2 is an end view; and
Figure 3 is a plan, of the apparatus shown in Figure 1.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 illustrate in sectional elevation, sectional end view, and plan,
respectively, a modification of apparatus for carrying out my Invention.
Figures 7, 8 and 9 illustrate in sectional elevation, end view, and plan, respectively,
another modification of my Invention.
Figures 10, 11 and 12 illustrate, in sectional elevation, end view, and plan,
respectively, a further modification of my Invention.
As before stated, according to my Invention, I provide means whereby the feed
or supply of the precipitating, deodorizing, purifying, or other material or liquid,
is automatic, and proportioned to the volume of the liquid under treatment.
The means comprise a duct, through which the liquid to be treated flows, a chamber
provided with baffle plates or equivalent devices for diverting the liquid from its
course and to cause a mixing thereof, a hopper containing the material to be supplied
to the liquid, a device for discharging the material from the hopper, and a device
worked by the flow of liquid in the duct, which device works the hopper discharging
device.
With reference to the Diagrams (Figures 1, 2 and 3) a designates the doct
through which the liquid (for example town sewage) passes; b, the mixing chamber
in connection with the duct a, provided with a series of baffle plates or divisions c
placed across the chamber b so as to cause diversion of the flow of the liquid and a
mixing thereof with the material; d is the hopper which contains the precipitating,
deodorizing, purifying, or other material; is a lever or arm provided with a
paddle e¹ and suspended and free to work on a pivot . This arm is suspended in
the duct a with its paddle e¹ just in front of the mouth a¹ of the duct a, the lower
part of the paddle e¹ being shaped to correspond with the shape of the bottom of
the duct a. The upper end of the arm e is provided with a cut off valve f which

page_text: comes over the mouth d of the hopper d. Above the valve f there is a second valve g,
by means of which the maximum flow of material is regulated. h is a feed spout
which leads from the hopper mouth d to the mixing chamber h. Inside the hopper
mouth I provide a worm feeding device i, and agitator arms which are carried on
a vertical shaft worked by toothed pinions, which are driven by the shaft k²,
pulley 3, belt k, pulley ³, shaft ko, and water wheel l, the wheel being mounted
in the duct a in such a position that the current of liquid flowing through the duct, a
causes the wheel to revolve, and thereby through the belt k and pinions.k,
worm feeding device i is caused to feed the material through the mouth d¹ of
the hopper d and through the spout h to the mixing chamber b. The arm e which
is also acted upon by the current of liquid in the duct a being at such an angle
that the cut off valve ƒ has opened the mouth d of the hopper d to allow a feed of
material proportionate to the flow of liquid through the duct a.
the
Instead of the lever arme and cut off valve f as shown in Figure 1, the water
wheel 7 may be set in the duct a under the hopper d, as shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6,
and above the wheel I provide a shaft m having a disc crank, or its equivalent m¹
connected to the wheel by rods n so that the shaft m revolves with the wheel l.
The disc m² is provided with a projecting arm p which strikes against a projection fl
on the valve and opens the valve fas the shaft m revolves, the valve fin this case
works in a slide on the hopper mouth d¹ and is kept closed by a weight g¹ or by a
spring, the arm p opening the valve f more or less often as the speed of the wheel/
is increased or reduced by the flow of the liquid in the duct a.
feeding device i and agitators j are the same as those above described in reference to
Figure 1.
The screw
Figures 7, 8 and 9 show mainly the same arrangement of parts as described with
reference to Figures 4, 5 and 6, but instead of the hopper being provided with a
screw feeding device i, a vertical reciprocating device is employed to cause the
material to flow down the hopper d and discharge through the valve f and spout
into the liquid in the mixing chamber b. In like manner to the apparatus shown
at Figures 4, 5 and 6 the valve f is opened more or less often as the speed of the
wheel is increased or reduced by the flow of the liquid in the duct a, and the feed
of the material is thereby proportional to the then flow of liquid.
Figures 10, 11 and 12 illustrate a further modification of my invention. In this
case dispense with the cut off valve f and its attendant operating parts; the
apparatus then consisting only of the hopper d, the worm feeding device i, and its
operating wheel ; the feed of the material being regulated by and dependent upon
the speed of the wheel 1, due to the flow of liquid in the duct a. Although it is not
essential to the working of my Invention, I prefer to place the wheel 7 in the duct a
below the mixing chamber b, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 and 10, 11 and 12,
because when so placed, the wheel, by its turning, serves to assist the mixing of the
material with the liquid.
In cases where the precipitating, deodorizing, purifying, or other agent is used
in a liquid instead of a granulated form, the apparatus may be used in the forms
shown at Figures 1, 2 and 3 or 4, 5 and 6, but I substitute a cock or its equivalent
for the cut off valve f, said cock or its equivalent being operated, that is, opened and
closed, by the action of the lever arm e or the wheel l, so that the supply of liquid
from the hopper or vessel d will be proportional to the then flow of liquid through
the duct a.
In the foregoing Specification 1 have described the nature of certain modes of
feeding and mixing precipitating, deodorizing, purifying, or other agents, to and
with flowing liquid, and kinds of apparatus therefor, according to my Invention, but
I wish it to be understood that those precise modes and apparatus may be
amplified or modified, and their equivalents employed, without departing from this
Invention.
For example, where there is a sufficient fall or incline in the duct I may use an
overshot wheel instead of the undershot wheel shown in the diagrams.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. Effecting the regular or constant treatment of varying volumes of sewage and
other foul liquids, for or in connection with the purification thereof, by supplying a
precipitating, deodorizing, purifying, or other agent to said liquid by means of
suitable apparatus, in quantities proportional to the volume requiring treatment, by
the velocity of the liquid acting on or in connection with the apparatus, or by the
varying head of liquid of, or caused by the flow or supply of said liquid under treatment.
2. The new or improved system or method of supplying precipitating, deodorizing,
purifying, or other agent to varying volumes of sewage and other foul liquids herein
described, which system or method consists in utilizing the flow of the liquid under
treatment to automatically work a device adapted to feed the agent or material in
proper proportions to the quantity of liquid under treatment.
3. Apparatus for feeding precipitating, deodorizing, or purifying material to
sewage and other foul liquids, provided with a hopper or receptacle adapted to hold
said material in bulk, and from which it is delivered by a mechanically operated
device; also said feeding apparatus constructed and operating substantially as set
forth with reference to the drawings.
4. In apparatus for feeding precipitating, deodorizing and purifying material to
sewage or other foul liquids, the combination of a hopper or vessel adapted to hold
said material in bulk, a mechanically operated device for delivering said material
from the hopper, and a valve or shutter operated by the flow of fluid past the
apparatus also said combination arranged and constructed to operate substantially
as set forth with reference to Figures 1 to 9 inclusive.
. In apparatus for feeding precipitating, deodorizing, or purifying material to
sewage or other foul liquids, the combination of a paddle wheel and a hopper feeding
device, the paddle wheel being adapted to be operated by the flow of fluid past the
apparatus, and the feeding mechanism being operated by the paddle wheel; also
said combination arranged and constructed to operate substantially as set forth with
reference to the diagrams.
6. Apparatus and appliances for supplying proportional quantities of precipitating,
deodorizing, purifying, or other agent, to sewage and other foul liquids, adapted to
operate substantially as in the manner herein set forth with reference to Figures 1,
2 and 3 of the diagrams; and also constructed and arranged as herein set forth
with reference to said Figures.
7. Apparatus and appliances for supplying proportional quantities of precipitating,
deodorizing, purifying, or other agent, to sewage and other foul liquids, adapted to
operate substantially as in the manner herein set forth with reference to Figures 4,
5 and 6 of the diagrams; and also constructed and arranged as herein set forth
with reference to said Figures.
8. Apparatus and appliances for supplying proportional quantities or precipitating,
deodorizing, purifying, or other agent, to sewage and other foul liquids, adapted to
operate substantially as in the manner herein set forth with reference to figures 7,
8 and 9 of the Diagrams; and also constructed and arranged as herein set forth with
reference to said figures.
9. Apparatus and appliances for supplying proportional quantities of precipitating,
deodorizing, purifying, or other agent, to sewage and other foul liquids, adapted to
operate substantially as in the manner set forth with reference to Figures 10, 11
and 12 of the diagrams; and also constructed and arranged as herein set forth with
reference to said Figures.
11 1011
1000
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.