IMPROVEMENTS IN EDGE RUNNERS OR CRUSHING AND MIXING APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MORTAR AND OTHER LIKE MATERIALS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER CRUSHING OR GRINDING APPARATUS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Dalton, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN EDGE RUNNERS OR CRUSHING AND
MIXING APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MORTAR AND OTHER LIKE
MATERIALS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER
CRUSHING OR GRINDING APPARATUS.”
Sealed the 11th July 1879, and dated the 7th May 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Dalton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th May 1879.
GEORGE DALTON, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN EDGE RUNNERS OR CRUSHING AND MIXING APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF MORTAR AND OTHER LIKE MATERIALS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE
ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER CRUSHING OR GRINDING APPARATUS.”
My Invention relates chiefly to apparatus known as "edge runners
" for crushing
and mixing materials for the manufacture of mortar and other like substances.
These apparatus ordinarily consist of crushing rollers carried on horizontal axes
and having their peripheries in contact with the bottom of a mixing bed or trough,
the crushing of the material supplied into the bed or trough being effected by the
revolution of the edge runners either by the system of edge runners being caused to
turn round a vertical pivot or axis, or by the bed or trough itself being caused to
rotate, or by both the system of edge runners and the bed or trough being caused
to rotate upon vertical pivots or axes in opposite directions or otherwise.
My Invention, which is adapted to apparatus arranged according to either of the
modifications herein before referred to, has for its object equalizing the wear,
increasing the durability, and facilitating the renewal at a small expense of the
crushing surface, and also the provision of ready means for the transport of the
apparatus from place to place.
În carrying out my Învention, in order to effect these objects I mount the
crushing rollers in a frame so as to be capable of end adjustment by the aid of
screws, racks, or otherwise in such a manner that the position of the rollers relatively
to the centre of the apparatus may be varied in order to cause their peripheries to
act upon different portions of the bed and describe different circular paths according

page_text: to the degree of adjustment imparted. By thus varying the path of motion of the
rollers the contact or rubbing surfaces are changed, and greater uniformity in the
wear of the parts is obtained.
I also provide the rollers with a renewable tyre of steel or other suitable material,
the said tyre being either weldless, that is to say, rolled in one piece of an endless
form after the manner of locomotive tyres, or composed of segments which may be
made of a bevelled or angular shape at each end and secured in position by end
rings or discs having suitable grooves or recesses, and bolted or otherwise connected
together. Great durability is thus obtained, whilst at the same time facility is
afforded for the renewal of the acting surface by removing the tyre or one or more
of its segments and replacing the same by a fresh tyre or segment or segments as
the case may be. This part of my Invention is also applicable to other crushing or
grinding apparatus, as for example to ordinary mills for grinding or reducing hard
materials to powder in which two rollers are employed revolving with their.
peripheries in close proximity the one to the other.
I further provide means for facilitating the transport from place to place of the
said crushing and mixing apparatus by mounting the apparatus on wheels and
carrying the engine which drives the working parts, with its boiler, upon the frame
of the apparatus, and by means of spur gearing, chains and chain wheels, or otherwise
imparting motion to the running wheels of the said apparatus, so as to render the
apparatus self propelling.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Dalton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th November
1879.
GEORGE DALTON, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN EDGE RUNNERS, OR CRUSHING AND MIXING APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF MORTAR AND OTHER LIKE MATERIALS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE
ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER CRUSHING OR GRINDING APPARATUS."
"
My said Invention relates chiefly to apparatus known as "edge runners
for
crushing and mixing materials for the manufacture of mortar and other like
substances.
These apparatus ordinarily consist of crushing rollers carried on horizontal axes
and having their peripheries in contact with the bottom of a mixing bed or trough,
the crushing of the material supplied into the bed or trough being effected by the
revolution of the edge runner either by the system of edge runners being caused to
turn round a vertical pivot or axis, or by the bed or trough itself being caused to
rotate, or by both system of edge runners and the bed or trough being caused
to rotate upon vertical pivots or axes in opposite directions or otherwise.
My said Invention, which is adapted to apparatus arranged according to either of
the modifications hereinbefore referred.to, has for its objects equalizing the wear,
increasing the durability, and facilitating the renewal at a small expense of the
crushing surface, and also the provision of ready means for the transport of the
apparatus from place to place.
In carrying out my said Invention in order to effect these objects I mount the
crushing rollers in a frame so as to be capable of end adjustment by the aid of screws,
racks, or otherwise in such a manner that the position of the rollers relatively to
the centre of the apparatus may be varied in order to cause their peripheries to act
upon different portions of the bed and described different circular paths, according
to the degree of adjustment imparted. By thus varying the path of motion of the
rollers the contact or rubbing surfaces are changed and greater uniformity in the
wear of the contact surface of the bed or trough is obtained.
I also provide the rollers with a renewable tyre of steel or other suitable hard
material, the said tyre being either weldless, that is to say, rolled in one piece of an
endless form after the manner of locomotive tyres, or composed of segments which
are made of bevelled or angular shape, at each end secured in position by end
rings or discs having suitable grooves or recesses, and bolted or otherwise connected
together. Great durability is thus obtained, whilst at the same time facility is
afforded for the renewal of the acting surface by removing the tyre or one or more
of its segments and replacing the same by a fresh tyre or segment or segments as
the case may be. This part of my said Invention is also applicable to other crushing
or grinding apparatus, as for example to ordinary mills for grinding or reducing
hard materials to powder in which two rollers are employed revolving with
peripheries in close proximity the one to the other.
I further provide means for facilitating the transport from place to place of the
said crushing and mixing apparatus by mounting the apparatus on wheels and
carrying the engine which drives the working parts, with its boiler, upon the frame
of the apparatus, and by means of spur gearing, chains and chain wheels, or otherwise
imparting motion to the running wheels of the said apparatus so as to render the
apparatus self propelling.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now pro-
ceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the
several Figures on the annexed two Sheets of Drawings, the same letters of
reference indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1. (on Sheet 1) of the accompanying Drawings represents a side elevation
(partly in section) of a crushing and mixing apparatus having applied thereto the™

page_text: several improvements which form the subject of my said Invention; and Figure 2
(on Sheet 2) is a plan of the same corresponding to Figure 1.
These Figures illustrate the application of the Invention to that type of apparatus
in which the bed or trough rotates, and the rollers bave simply an axial motion
without any orbital motion. From the example here given any competent person
will be enabled to apply my Invention to apparatus of either of the other types
herein before referred to.
Figures 3 and 4 (on Sheet 2) represent respectively a transverse vertical 'section
and side elevation of one of the crushing rollers detached, and illustrate a modifica-
tion of the construction of the said rollers.
A, A, are the crushing rollers of an edge runner mounted on horizontal shafts or
axes a, a, in bearings b, b, carried by a frame B in such a manner that the rollers
A, A, are free to revolve axially, but are not capable of any orbital motion round a
vertical axis. C is the mixing bed or trough mounted so as to be capable of rotation
upon a vertical shaft or axis c which is supported at its lower end in a foot step
bearing & in the main frame D, and at its upper end in a bearing e in the upper
frame B, the latter being carried by means of standards E, E¹, on the main frame D.
The mixing bed or trough C is provided with a bevel wheel F with which engages
a bevel pinion F¹ fast on a shaft f to which motion is imparted from an engine as
hereinafter explained, rotary motion being thus transmitted to the bed or trough
(which is supported by small rollers f¹) and an axial motion thence communicated
to the rollers A, A, as is well understood.
According to one part of my said Invention I make the rollers A, A, adjustable
so as to admit of their peripheries being caused to act upon different portions of the
bottom of the bed or trough C in order to equalize the wear of the same.. This
adjustment may be effected in different ways, but in the example illustrated it is
obtained in the following manner, videlicet:-
The frame B is slotted at. g, g, and fitted with studs or pins g², gl, so as to be
capable of sliding in a rectelineal direction along the tops of the standards E, E¹;
it is further provided with a lug or projection h tapped for the reception of the
screwed end of a rod i which is mounted in the standard E so as to be capable of
turning without moving longitudinally, and carries on its extremity a hand wheel k.
By the act of turning this hand wheel the frame B is moved endwise, carrying the
rollers A, A, with it, and thus bringing them into such a position relatively to the
centre of the bed or trough C, that as the latter revolves the peripheries of the
rollers will be caused to act upon a different portion of the bottom of the bed or
trough to that with which they were in contact before they were adjusted.
The portion e of the frame B which forms the upper bearing of the vertical shaft
or axis c is slotted so as to admit of the frame sliding over the said shaft or axis,
and wedges are provided, such for example as is shown at l, for tightening the parts
when the frame has been adjusted.
According to another part of my said Invention I provide the rollers with a
renewable tyre G of steel or other suitable hard material. This tyre may either be
weldless, that is to say, rolled in one piece of an endless form, after the manner of
locomotive tyres, and attached to the body of the roller by bolts m or similar
connections, as shewn for example in Figure 1, or the tyre may be composed of
segments n (see Figures 3 and 4) made of a bevelled or angular shape at each erido,
and secured in position on the body A of the roller by end rings or discs p, p, made
of a shape at a corresponding to the shape of the ends of the segments at o and
connected together by bolts m or otherwise by means of this part of my said
Invention. Great durability is obtained, whilst when the acting surface requires:
renewal the tyre or one or more of its segments may be readily removed and
replaced by a fresh tyre or segment or segments as the case may be.
This part of my said Invention is also applicable to other crushing or grinding
apparatus, as for example to ordinary mills for grinding or reducing hard materials
to powder, in which two rollers are employed revolving with their peripheries in
close proximity the one to the other.

page_text: Another part of my said Invention relates to the provision of means for facilitating
the transport of the edge runners from place to place, and it consist in rendering
the apparatus portable and self propelling. An example of the mode of carrying
out this part of my said Invention is also illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the
Drawings.
The main frame D is mounted on travelling wheels H, H³, and on it is carried
the engine I and boiler I with their appurtenances, the standard E¹ for supporting
one end of the frame B forming part of the framing of the engine. The shaft f
upon which the pinion F¹ is mounted, and which is supported in bearings r, 1, in the
main frame D, constitutes the crank shaft, being driven from the engine I in the
usual manner, the motion of the bed or trough C is thence obtained as herein before
described, and a clutch and lever K. are provided for throwing the pinion F' into
and out of gear as required.
On the shaft is also secured a spur pinion Ļ which imparts motion to a spur
wheel L' fast on a shaft f supported in bearings underneath the frame D. This
shaft carries a bevel pinion M which is in gear with a bevel wheel M₁ fast on the
axles of the travelling wheels H¹, and motion is thence transmitted to the said
wheels when it is required to move the apparatus from place to place, a clutch and
lever N being provided for throwing the spur pinion L into and out of gear with
the spur wheel L¹, according as it is desired that the apparatus should be propelled
or remain at rest.
Provision is also to be made for steering the apparatus in any well known
manner.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said In-
vention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect,
I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part recited
Letters Patent is,--
First. In edge runners, mounting the crushing rollers so as to be capable of
adjustment in order that their peripheries may be caused to act upon different
portions of the bed or trough and describe different paths for the purpose of
equalizing the wear of the contact surface of the bed or trough, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
Secondly. In edge runners and other crushing or grinding apparatus constructing
the crushing or reducing rollers with renewable tyres of steel or other suitable hard
material, either weldless (rolled in one piece of an endless form) or composed of
segments secured together by end plates or disc, substantially as and for the
purposes hereinbefore described.
Thirdly. An edge runner mounted on wheels in combination with an actuating
engine with its appurtenances, carried on the frame of the apparatus and transmitting
motion to the travelling wheels thereof for the purpose of facilitating the transport
of the apparatus from place to place, substantially as herein before described.
Fourthly. The combination in an edge runner of rollers having renewable tyres,
as herein set forth, with means for effecting an end adjustment of the said rollers,
bstantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
In witness. whereof, I, the said George Dalton, have to this my Specification
got my hand and seal this First day of November One thousand eight
GEORGE DALTON. (L.S.)