Improvements in the Method of Manufacturing Headed Nails or Rivets or other Nails used for Coverings for the Feet and Leather Work in general, and in Machines for Forming and Driving the same, as well as for Driving Pegs.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 16th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 22nd Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of Manufacturing Headed Nails or
Rivets or other Nails used for Coverings for the Feet and Leather
Work in general, and in Machines for Forming and Driving the
same, as well as for Driving Pegs.
1, THOMAS GARE, of the Gare Machine Co. Ltd., of Hopes Carr, Stockport, in
the County of Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention has for its object to provide a method of and means whereby
headed nails or sprigs, used as a wearing surface or rivets for fastenings for
coverings for the feet and for leather work in general, can be produced-in sprigging,
nailing or rivetting machines in a simpler manner, more uniform and at a cheaper
and quicker rate than heretofore has been the case, and which method and means,
as far as the manufacture of nails, sprigs and rivets is concerned, may be used
separately from the respective driving machine and adapted to form an independent
apparatus.
To this end my improved method of manufacturing headed nails, such as hob
nails, fitters, billed heads, sparable and the like nails or rivets, consists in forming a
bar or strip of suitable metal, in section equal to the side or longitudinal section, of
the shape of the headed nail or rivet to be produced, the lower edge thereof being
of V and the upper edge of T or other suitable section, such bar or strip being
transversly cut, and if deemed necessary formed with serrations or notches to
facilitate the cutting and feeding of the same, each cut producing a finished nail or
rivet.
The improved means by which the cutting of the said metal bar or strip is
effected and which are specially applicable to nailing, sprigging and rivetting
machines, such as described in Letters Pateut, No. 13,751, dated September 24th 1888,
and in Provisional Protection, No. 16303, dated September 25th 1891, granted to
me, consist of a shear, formed with a slot into which the said metal bar or strip is
fed from a coil or otherwise, the part of the shear into which the end of the metal
bar is projected being rendered movable, whilst the other part remains stationary,
when the cutting operation takes place. The said shear may also be arranged in
such a manner, as to cut nails with heads projecting on all four sides, in lieu of only
on two sides, by forming the movable part of the shear without a slot and in
section to correspond with that of the said metal bar or strip and forcing the
respective shear part against the side of the said metal bar or strip. Taper sprigs
or nails may be formed from a metal bar or strip of flat section by means of a
taper sectioned knife, by imparting to the metal bar or strip a rotary reciprocating
motion amounting to half a turn so as to alternately vary the position of the edges
of the bar or strip. The said movable shear part I preferably attach to the
sliding part of the nailing, rivetting or sprigging, machine, by means of which it
is actuated, whilst the stationary part thereof is fixed to the stationary head part
of the respective machine,
The described nail, rivet or sprig cutting mechanism or shear may be applied to
a nailing, rivetting or sprigging machine either to permit of feeding the said metal
bar or strip from the back or the side thereof and in lieu of cutting sprigs from a
wire of square section, in this case they are cut transversely from a bar or strip of
metal of flat section.
A further improvement, forming part of my invention, consists in providing
a loose connection between the horn lever and respective cam lever, for the
purpose of automatically regulating the drop of the horn or support in pegging,

page_text: nailing, rivetting or sprigging machines, according to the varying thickness of the
sole to be operated upon, which loose connection is more durable and certain in
action than heretofore has been the case. Such loose connection I form by sus-
pending from the cam lever, from which the horn lever is operated, a strap guided
vertically in a bracket, fixed to the frame of the machine, the lower end of which
strap is formed semi-circular, lined with leather and adapted to grip and take with
it, a disc or segment eccentrically attached to a rod jointed to the horn lever, each
time the horn or support requires depressing. The said disc or segment. which in
-diameter, is slightly larger than the semi-circular part of the said leather. lining, is
arranged to partially rotate on the end of a rod guided vertically in the aforesaid
bracket between the ends of the said strap. The rod connecting the latter and the
said cam lever together, is rendered adjustable in length, so as to permit of
regulating the relative position of the said strap and disc or segment and thus the
time of contact between the same.
Dated this 14th day of November 1891.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
.Improvements in the Method of Manufacturing Headed Nails or
Rivets or other Nails used for Coverings for the Feet and Leather
'Work in general, and in Machines for Forming and Driving "the
same, as well as for Driving 'Pegs.
I, THOMAS GARE, of the Gare Machine Co. Ltd., of Hopes Carr, Stockport,
in the County of Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has in the first place for its object to provide a method of and means
whereby headed nails or sprigs, used as a' wearing surface or rivets for fastenings
for coverings for the feet and for leather work in general, can be produced in
sprigging, nailing or rivetting machines in a simpler manner, more uniform and at
"a cheaper and quicker rate than heretofore has been the case, and which method
and means, as far as the manufacture of nails, sprigs and rivets is concerned, may
be used separately from the respective driving machine and adapted to form an
independent apparatus.
My improved method of manufacturing headed nails, such as hob nails, fitters,
billed heads, sparable and the like nails or rivets, consist in forming a bar or strip
of suitable metal, in section' equal to the side or longitudinal section, of the shape
of the headed nail or rivet to be produced, the lower edge thereof being of V-and-the
upper edge of T or other suitable section, such metal bar or strip being transversely
cut, and if deemed necessary formed with serrations or notches to facilitate the
cutting and feeding of the same, each cut producing a finished nail or rivet with a
.head.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood. I have caused
to be appended hereunto three sheets of drawings marked with letters of reference
indicating like parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1, Sheet. I, shows various sections of nail or rivet bars or strips used for
the production of headed nails. or rivets in a nailing or rivetting machine, or
separate apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a back view, Figs. 3 & 4, respectively, a front and a side view; Figs. 5 & 6
plans of the head portion of a nailing or rivetting machine in which nails or rivets
are formed with heads, projecting on two sides, from a correspondingly sectioned
metal bar or strip.
Fig. 7. is a sectional back view and Fig. 8 a sectional side view of therhead

page_text: portion of the nailing or rivetting machine showing a modification in the method
of presenting the metal bar or strip to the respective shear.
Fig. 9 is a sectional front view, Fig. 10 a sectional side view and Fig. 11 a plan
of the head portion of a nailing machine furnished with means for producing nails
with a head projecting on four sides.
Figs. 12 & 13 are front views of a portion of the throat of the shear.
Fig. 14 is an elevation of a serrated or notched nail or rivet bar or strip.
Fig. 15, Sheet II, is an elevation and Fig. 16 a plan of an apparatus for
producing headed nails, sprigs or rivets separately from the respective driving
machine.
Fig. 17, Sheet III, is a front view, Fig. 18 a side view and Fig. 19 a back view
of a nailing, rivetting, sprigging or pegging machine provided with my improved
loose connection between the horn and respective cam lever.
The means, by which the cutting of metal bars or strips a sectioned, as shown in
Fig. 1 and similarly, is effected for the production of hob nails, fitters, billed heads,
sparable, and the like nails or rivets are specially applicable to nailing, sprigging,
and rivetting machines, such as described in Letters Patent No. 13751, dated
September 24th 1888, and in Provisional Protection, No. 16303, dated September 25th
1891, granted to me, as regards the means employed therein for feeding the object
to be operated upon.
C
In carrying out my invention and referring to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6, the means
employed for producing nails or rivets with heads projecting on two sides, consist
of a shear b, b, the part 6 of which is formed with a vertical slot 62 into which
the metal bar or strip a is fed, see Fig. 6, from a coil or otherwise, the shear
part being rendered laterally movable with the head part c¹ on the head part
of the machine, whilst the shear part is fitted to or formed on the stationary
head part c.
In order to retain the nail or rivet in a vertical position on being
driven into the material under operation I form, below the slot 62 a throat con-
sisting of two springs 63, 64, fixed to the stationary shear part b, the free ends of
which when together form a V, as shown in Fig. 12, so as to receive the point of
the nail or rivet and to gradually open and permit the nail or rivet 6³ to pass
through it in a vertical position, see Fig. 13, a recess 6 being formed in the under-
side of the shear part into which the free ends of the throat 63, 64, project.
In lieu of attaching the throat 63, 64, to the stationary shear part 6 the same
may be similarly applied to the movable shear part 1, as will be readily
understood.
Fig. 6 shows the relative position of the shear parts b, 61, on the point of
cutting a nail or rivet 6 off the metal bar or strip a and Fig. 5 after the
nail or rivet has been cut and driven into the material under operation by the
driver 7.
In order to retain the movable shear part
shear part b, an abutment 18, shown partly in
in Fig. 4, is fitted against the shear part
part c.
in close contact with the stationary.
section and partly in dotted lines
and fixed to the stationary head
Near the stationary shear part 6 a guide pulley a', see Figs. 3, 4 & 5. is
employed, carried by a bracket a², and rendered adjustable against the side of
the metal bar or strip a on the stationary bead part c, by means of set screws a,³ a*.
The shear b, b, may also be arranged in such a manner as to cut nails with
heads projecting on all four sides, in lieu of only on two sides, by forming the
movable shear part b¹, see Figs. 9, 10 & 11, without a vertical slot and in section
to correspond with or similar to that of the metal bar or strip a so as to form a
punch which, through the lateral movement of the head part c¹ is forced against
the side of the metal bar or strip a and cuts a correspondingly shaped nail 6
out of the latter, the nail 6 and shear part or punch 6' entering a die or counter
part b, fixed or formed on the stationary head portion c of the machine. The
relative position of the shear parts b, b', shown in Figs. 9, 10 & 11, is that on the
point of cutting-the metal bar or strip a, a throat 63, 64, being also formed below.

page_text: the shear part 6 which receives the nail and on being driven guides it into the
material under operation similarly as previously described.
The sides of the metal bar or strip a may be formed plain, or as shown in
Fig. 14, or with serrations or notches as in rolling the same to the required
section, or by punching the serrations or notches a out afterwards for the
purpose of facilitating the feeding and transverse cutting of the metal bar
or strip a.
The feeding mechanism for the metal bar or strip a may be of any suitable
construction, for instance such as shown in the drawings and consist of a pair of
feeding rollers d, d', the roller d being under the influence of a strong spring or
otherwise rendered ajustable against the side of the metal bar or strip a, whilst the
roller dis laterally stationary and operated by a pawl e, engaging a ratchet
wheel e', fixed on the shaft f, carrying the roller d'. The pawle is carried by a
lever 9 oscillated by means of a cam h fixed on the driving shaft i of the machine.
The return movement of the lever may be altered at will by means of a contact
screw k rendered adjustable on the bearing i¹ of the driving shaft i for the purpose
of varying the amount of feed.
Taper sprigs or nails may be produced from a metal bar or strip a of flat
section, by means of a taper sectioned shear b, b¹, see Figs. 7 & 8, by imparting to
the metal bar or strip a, a rotary reciprocating or intermittent motion amounting to
half a revolution so as to alternately vary the position of the edges of the bar
or strip a in relation to the shear b, . This I effect by passing the metal bar or
strip, a suitable distance behind the shears b, b', through a bush k', mounted in
the stationary head portion c, which bush k¹ is intermittently rotated, for
instance, by means of a pinion having a pawl engaging the bush k¹ and by
11
rack m in gear with the pinion and depressed by a cam h' fixed on the driving
shaft i.
a
It is obvious that the described nail or rivet cutting mechanism or shear b, b¹, may
be applied to nailing or rivetting machines either to permit of feeding the said
metal bar or strip a from the side instead of from the back thereof as described
and that the nails or rivets 65 may be driven into the object under operation so as
to position the sides of the heads parallel with the edge of the sole or diagonally
thereto. The shear b, b, shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 may also be used for
cutting sprigs from a metal bar or strip of flat section in lieu of from a continuous
length of wire.
Headed nails or rivets may also be produced from specially sectioned metal bars
or strips a, apart from the respective driving machine, in a similar manner as
described and shown, for instance, in Figs. 15 & 16, Sheet II, the metal bar or
strip a, being fed into a vertical slot & formed in the movable shear part b', by
means of the feeding rollers d & d', ratchet wheel e¹, pawl e, carried by the lever
reciprocated by the shear part through link g'. The movable shear part b' is
suitably guided in the frame 2 of the apparatus and actuated in contact with the
stationary shear part b either direct, or through a connecting rod n, by
means of an eccentric cam or crank disc n' fixed on the driving shaft n³ of
the apparatus.
g
A further improvement consists, see Sheet III, in providing sprigging, nailing,
rivetting or pegging machines with a loose connection between the horn lever o
and respective cam lever o' for the purpose of automatically regulating the drop
of and accommodating the horn or support p according to the varying thickness of
the object under operation, which loose connection is more durable and certain in
action than heretofore has been the case.
Such loose connection I form by suspending from the cam lever o¹, from which
the horn lever o is operated, a strap o² guided vertically in a bracket or arm o³
formed on the frame 2 of the machine, the lower end of which strap o², is semi-
circular and lined with leather of or other adhesive material and adapted to grip
and take with it, each time the horn or support p requires depressing, a disc or
segment o³ eccentrically attached to a rod of jointed to the horn lever o. The disc

page_text: or segment o, which in diameter is slightly larger than the semi-circular part of
the leather lining o', is arranged to partially rotate on the end of the rod of guided
vertically in the bracket or arm o³, between the sides of the strap o². The rod o³,
which connects the strap o² with the cam lever o', is rendered adjustable in length,
so as to permit of regulating the relative position of the strap o² and disc or
segment o' and thus the time of contact between the same. The horn or support p
is permitted to fall or rise, on the object under operation being fed, according
to the varying thickness thereof, by reason of the eccentric connection between
the rod and disc or segment of which effects a shortening or lengthening of the
connection between the cam lever o' and the horn lever o.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is―
1st. The method of manufacturing tapered or headed nails as a level or raised
wearing surface for boots or shoes, consisting in forming metal bars or strips, in
section equal to the longitudinal section or side of the nails to be produced and
mechanically cutting the said bars or strips transversely, each cut producing a
taper or headed nail, substantially as set forth and with reference to Fig. 1.
b
2nd. In a nailing or rivetting machine, or separate apparatus, the manufacture of
taper or headed nails from metal bars or strips as specified in the preceding claim,
by means of a shear b, b', the part 6 of which is stationary and the part 6' laterally
movable in contact therewith and having a vertical slot 62 into which the end of
the metal bar or strip a is fed, substantially as and for the purpose set forth and
with reference to Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, & 8.
3rd. In a sprigging machine, the use of a shear bb, as specified in the preceding
claim for the purpose of cutting sprigs from metal bars or strips of flat section,
substantially as set forth.
4th. In a nailing or rivetting machine having a shear b, b, with taper cutting
faces, the use of flat sectioned bars or strips of metal rotary reciprocated or inter-
mittently rotated so as to alternately change the position of the top and bottom
edge thereof, relative to the cutting faces of the shear b, b, operating substantially
as and for the purpose set forth and with reference to Figs. 7 & 8.
5th. In a nailing or rivetting machine, the use of a shear part or punch 61 in
section corresponding with, or similar to, that of the metal bar or strip a on which
it operates transversely, which shear part or punch 6' is attached to and moved
laterally by the movable head part c', against the side of the metal bar or strip a,
supported by a die b, which receives the nail cut and the shear part or punch 61,
substantially as set forth and with reference to Figs. 9, 10 & 11.
6th. In a sprigging nailing, rivetting and pegging machine, the employment of
a loose connection between the horn lever o and respective cam lever o¹, consisting
of a disc or segment of guided vertically and eccentrically connected with a semi-
circular strap o² vertically guided and connected to the cam lever o¹, which strap o
is adapted to engage the disc or segment of and the latter to shorten or lengthen
the connection between the horn or support lever o and the respective cam lever o
and thus permit the horn or support p to rise or fall according to the varying
thickness of the object under operation on being fed, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth and with reference to Figs. 17, 18 & 19.
Dated this 15th J
La 1000
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant.