Year: 1886

page_text: I, GEORGE EPHRAIM JOHNSON of Albion, in the County of Noble, and State of
Indiana, United States of America, Dentist, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved apparatus for the administration of
nitrous oxide, by dentists and others to produce anesthesia.
The bell of the gas holder dips into a water seal contained in a narrow annular
well formed between two cylindrical walls united at bottom the inner wall or
cylinder being surmounted by a double conical top having a rubber packing strip
which bears against the inner side of the bell. The outer wall of the well is
surrounded by a cylindrical shell, open at the top, and between the said wall, and
shell, an outer bell passes, which covers and hides the inner bell.
A cord or chain, secured to the top of the inner bell passes over pulleys on the
The cord or
top of the covering bell, which top consists of a double hinged lid.
chain passes outside the covering bell, and has a weight attached to balance the
inner bell.
The covering bell has a vertical slot at the edges of which racks are provided,
and an arm, secured to the inner bell passes through the slot and carries a pivoted
catch, which can be engaged with the teeth of the racks. This arm is provided
with pointers which move over two scales at the sides of the racks, which scales
have numerals arranged in opposite orders, so that the pointer shows on one scale,
how much gas is in the bell, and on the other how much gas has been withdrawn.
Lugs, or other projections on the inside of the outer bell, slide in vertical guides
whereby to support the bell when raised.
The inlet and outlet pipe for the gas leads through the middle of the conical top
of the inner wall of the well extends downward beneath the well, and upward on
the outside of the shell, and is provided with a cock, at its upper outer end.
Cucks are provided for drawing off the water from the well and from the space
between the outside wall and the shell, should any flow over the top of the outer
wall, on account of too great pressure of gas while filling the bell, the cock being
connected with the well being provided with an upright tube, on the upper end of
A rod
which a gage glass, is fixed for showing the level of the water in the well.
or rail, is secured on a band around the shell, at one or both sides on which is hung
a case, containing a removable tripod frame bung within it for holding the nitrous

page_text: oxide cylinder containing the liquefied gas, which is connected by a hose or tube
with a cock at the lower end of the inlet and outlet pipe, the cover of the case
having an aperture, through which the neck of the nitrous oxide cylinder can pass,
the connection of the nitrous oxide cylinder with the hose being made by means of
a device for mixing and vaporizing the anaesthetics as follows:-The neck of the
cylinder containing the nitrous oxide is clamped by a yoke and screw to the end
of a horizontal tube in such a manner that the gas can pass from the cylinder into
the bore of the tube. The inner end of the bore is curved downward and leads
into a mixing chamber, projecting downward, a coupling piece is screwed in the
lower end of the said chamber, and to the said piece the flexible tube is coupled,
which conducts the gases into the bell or gas holder. A wire gauze cone projects
upward from the bottom of the said chamber, and insures a perfect mixing of the
gases as they must pass through the several apertures of the cone.
On the top of the horizontal tube a neck is provided on which a glass vessel,
provided with a screw cover and the gage is mounted, the communication of said
vessel with the mixing chamber being controlled by a screw valve.
The anesthetic liquid, for example "ether" is contained in the glass vessel. The
liberated nitrous oxide gas passes from the gas cylinder through the horizontal
tube into the mixing chamber. The screw valve is adjusted to allow a small
quantity of the liquid anaesthetic, for example "ether" to flow from the glass
chamber into the inixing chamber where it thoroughly mixes with the gas and
then passes through the flexible tube into the bell of the gas-holder.
The advantages of my improved dental narcotizer are as follows:-
The gas chamber is dry and thus the water forming the seal can not absorb
much gas.
The gasometer is small in relation to its capacity and as very little water is
required, the apparatus and the water in the same, weigh very little.

page_text: Improved Apparatus for the Administration of Anesthetics.
I GEORGE EPHRAIM JOHNSON Dentist of Albion in the County of Noble and
State of Indiana United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This Invention relates to an improved apparatus for the administration of
nitrous oxide by dentists and others to produce anesthesia.
The Invention consists in the construction and combination of parts and details
as will be fully described and set forth hereinafter, and then pointed out in the
Claims.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this
Specification in which figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the improved dental
narcotizer. Figure 2 is a detail sectional view of the lower part of the same,
shewing the device for holding the bell raised. Figure 3 is a side view of the bell.
Figure 4 is a detail perspective view of the tripod for holding the liquid cylinder.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the improved device for mixing and
vaporizing the anaesthetics. Figure 6 is a side view of the gauge glass. Similar
letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
The well A for receiving the water, is formed between the cylindrical casings B
and C united at their bottoms and secured on the base C¹. The casing B is open
at the top and the casing C is provided with the double conical top D D¹ the apex
of which is above the outer wall or casing B so as to avoid any possibility of the
water entering and obstructing the pipe N. Between the parts D D₁ of the
conical top the rubber packing strip E is held at the outer edges, which strip rests
against the inner side of a bell F dipping into the water between the casings B
and C.
The casing B is surrounded by a cylindrical shell G open at the top, and between
the casing B and the shell G the covering section or bell H passes, which covers
and hides the bell F. A cord or chain I secured to the top of the bell F passes
over the pulleys I and Is on the top of the covering bell H, which top consists of a
double hinged lid having hinges at m¹ and m². The cord or chain I passed
through a slot 12 in the bell H and to the lower end of said chain or cord, a
weight J is secured to balance the bell F, which weight slides up and down in the
box J on the outside of the shell G.
The bell H has a vertical slot K at the edges of which racks K' are provided.
An arm L secured on the bell F passes through the slot K and to its end the
catch L is pivoted which can be engaged with the teeth of the racks K¹. The
arm L is provided with the two opposite pointers L' which point to two scales L³
at the sides of the racks which scales have numerals arranged in opposite orders, so
that the pointer shews on one scale how much gas is in the bell, and on the other
how much gas has been withdrawn. Lugs M or other projections are provided on
the inside of the bell H. and slide in vertical guides M2 on the outer surface of the
casing B, as shewn in figure 2, serving to support the bell H when the same is
raised.

page_text: The inlet and outlet pipe N is secured, at its upper inner end, in the middle of
the top D D¹ of the casing C, extends downward, and then outward and upward
on the outside of the shell G and is provided with the cock N' at its upper outer
end. A cock O is provided at the lower end of the vertical outer part of the
pipe N. The casing B and shell G are provided at the bottom with the cocks P P¹
for drawing off the water from the well and from the space between the outside
casing and the shell should any water flow over the top of the casing B on account
of too great pressure of gas while filling the bell F, the cock P being provided with
an upright tube on the upper end of which the gage glass Q is fixed, for
shewing the level of the water in the well between the casing B and C.
A rail R is secured on a band around the shell G at one or both sides, on which
is hung, by its hooks R¹, a case S containing a removable tripod frame W hung
within it for holding the nitrous oxide cylinder T which is connected by a hose or
tube U with the cock O of the pipe N. The case S has a cover S¹ provided with
the aperture through which the neck of the nitrous oxide cylinder T can pass.
When the tripod frame is removed from the case S, a larger nitrous oxide cylinder
can be placed in the case.
The tube a is provided with the yoke b and clamping or binding screw c. The
neck of the cylinder containing the nitrous oxide is clamped by the yoke 6 in such
a manner that the gas can pass from the cylinder into the bore a¹ of the tube a.
The inner end of the bore a¹ is curved downward and leads into a chamber d pro-
jecting downward and from the end of the tube a. A coupling piece e is screwed
in the lower end of the chamber d, and to the said piece e the flexible tube u is
coupled which conducts the gases into the bell or gas-holder. A wire gauze cone f
projects upward from the bottom of the chamber d and ensures a perfect mixing of
the gases, as they must pass through the several apertures of the cone.
On the top of the tube a, a neck is provided on which the glass vessel g
provided with a screw cover and the gage vis mounted. From the vessel g the
bore h extends down to the bore k in the neck o on the end of the tube, and in the
said neck the screw-valve is screwed which is provided with the hand wheel m.
The bore connects the bore with the chamber d.
The anaesthetic liquid, for example "ether" is contained in the chamber g. The
liberated nitrous oxide gas passes from the gas cylinder through the tube a into
the chamber d. The screw is screwed out more or less, and a small quantity of
the liquid anesthetic, for example "ether" is permitted to flow from the chamber g
through the bores h and n into the chamber & where it thoroughly mixès with the
gas and then passes through the tube u into the bell.
The operation is as follows;-The cylinder T is placed in the case S and the
tube U is connected with the cock O, and the cock N¹ is closed. The valve of the
cylinder T containing the liquefied gas is opened and the gas passes through
the tube U and the pipe N into the bell F which is raised and locked in place by
the catch L' engaging with the teeth of the racks K¹.
As the bell Fascends the weight J descends. When the desired quantity of gas
is in the bell F the cylinder T is closed and the tube U may be uncoupled from the
cock O. To administer the gas, a flexible tube provided with a mouth piece is
coupled on the end of the pipe N, and the latch L' is raised to permit the bell F to
descend to exert a pressure on the gas. When the apparatus is empty and not in
use, the bell F is lowered as is also the bell H which is provided for the purpose of
covering the bell F when the same is raised. The space between the casing B and
the shell G serves as an overflow to catch the water that is forced out of the well,
thus preventing the water from flowing on the floor.
The advantages of my improved dental narcotizer are as follows;-The gas
chamber is dry and thus the water forming the seal cannot absorb much gas.-The
gasometer is small in relation to its capacity and as very little water is required,
the apparatus and the water in the same weigh very little.-The cylinder case can
be hung on either side of the apparatus.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is ;-
1. The combination with the casings B, C, of the bell F, a top on the casing C,
and a packing strip held on the bottom edge of the said top and resting against the
inside of the bell F, substantially as herein shewn and described.
2. The combination with the casings B, C, and the shell G, of the bell F between
the casings B, C, the bell H between the casing B, and the shell G, the cord I
secured to the bell F and passed over pulleys on the bell H and the weight J on
the end of the cord, substantially as herein shewn and described.
3. The combination with the casings B C of an imperforate cover on the
casing C the bell F and the pipe N having its inner open end held in the middle of
the said cover, substantially as herein shewn and described.
4. The combination with the shell G of the rail R around said shell, and of the
gas cylinder case S having hooks R¹ hung on the said rail, substantially as herein
shewn and described.
5. The combination with the casings B C of the shell G, the bells F H, the
racks K, the arm L, and the catches L', substantially as herein shewn and
described.
6. The combination with the casings B C and the shell G, of the bells F H, and
the outlet cocks P P₁ substantially as herein shewn and described.
7. The gas cylinder S in combination with the holder within said case having a
supporting hook at its upper end engaging the upper end of the said case, sub-
stantially as herein shewn and described.
8. The nitrous-oxide holder W formed of a wire tripod having the upper ends of
the wires formed with hooks, substantially as herein shown and described.
9. The combination with the casing B having vertical guides M2 and lateral
seats at the upper ends of said guides, of the bell H provided with the lugs M
adapted to slide within the guides and to engage said seats, substantially as herein
shewn and described.
10. The combination with the tube a of the chamber d, the regulating screw 1,
and of the perforated cone f in the chamber d, substantially as herein shewn and
described.
11. The combination with the tube a of the chamberg having the gauge V, the
chamber connected by bores with the chamber g and of the regulating screw or
valve l, substantially as herein shewn and described.
12. The combination with the bell F of the bell H surrounding it and provided
with the slot K, the racks at the sides of the slot, scales at the sides of the racks,
the arm L, the latch L', on the end of the arm L and pointers on the end of the
arm L, substantially as herein shewn and described.
Dated this 27th day of October 1886