Improvements in Machines for Crushing Coal.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Mar., 1892-Accepted, 2nd Apr., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Crushing Coal.
I, OTTO SCHÜLER, of 194, Köpnicker Strasse, Berlin, in the Kingdom of
Prussia, Empire of Germany, Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what inanner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :----
My invention relates to a machine for crushing coal in which the pieces are
fractured by a short and energetic shock whereby the formation of coal dust and
consequent loss of material are prevented in the largest measure possible.
It is known that the coal is raised from the mine in pieces of different size, and
that before delivering the article to the trade the coal is broken into fragments of
suitable size. The machines usually employed for this work accomplish the desired
effect by means of jaws or rollers crushing the pieces of coal, but all these machines
present the defect that a large percentage of the coal is reduced to dust, and as the
latter is of a very inferior value, a sensible loss is experienced when using the
mentioned machines.
The principle of my improved machine is therefore, that every single piece of coal
is crushed by a sharp central shock; this is effected by means of the machine
described hereinafter as to its construction and operation, and illustrated by the
accompanying drawing, on which :
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of my improved coal-crushing machine,
on the line -r of Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is an upper view of the same.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation, similar to Fig. 1, of a modification.
Fig. 4 is an upper view of the same.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
Before feeding the machine with coal pieces to be crushed, the said pieces are
first broken to fragments of about 8 inches diameter at the most and hereafter
assorted by means of sieves into pieces having diameters of about 8, 6 and 4 inches
and in such having the size of a nut. Each of these four categories is worked by a
special machine of the kind I am going to describe. This machine is composed
first of a shaking-plate F of sheet-iron or other suitable metal. The plate F is
supported at a' by the bar a suspended at a², and rests with its rear end at bon
the double lever b pivotted at 6. The lower end of the said lever is linked to the
connecting-rod 3, and the latter to the crank. By these means oscillating motion
is imparted to the double lever band the plate F is shaken. Thereby the coal
pieces, which fall on the said plate from the assorting sieve B, are gradually
brought toward the front end of the plate F, the latter being inclined from its rear
to its front end. The surface of the plate F is smooth for about half its length, and
then becomes undulated, so that the pieces of coal sliding down the slope, come to
lie in parallel rows in the undulations c. At the front end of each undulation c I
provide a notch e', and I also bend the front end of the plate F upwards at c² in
order to prevent the coal pieces falling off the said plate. Below the shaking-
plate F the shaft d is supported in suitable bearings; this shaft carries a number
of arms d, one for each notch c', and to each arm d' there is linked at
hammer having a sharpened edge, with which it strikes the coal piece lying
over the notch and breaks the same. The broken pieces are thrown on the
shield E, gliding over the drum G, and are finally brought to a sieve, where the
pieces are separated again, according to their size. After the foremost piece of
coal has been crushed and knocked off by the hammer d³, the next piece glides
forward and takes the place of the first, and is crushed in the same manner when
the hammer d³ has been brought round by the rotation of shaft d.
a

page_text: The modification shewn in Figs. 3 & 4 relates to the manner in which the pieces
of coal are crushed, though the principle is the same, viz. to strike each piece of
coal separately with a pointed hammer. The construction of the shaking-plate F
is the same as described above, except at its front end, where no notches are
provided, nor are the coal pieces held back on the said plate, but the same are
allowed to drop into circular cavities e provided on the circumference of a roller e,
which is slowly rotated in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 3. The coal pieces
are thereby brought under the points on the lower side of the bar f, which is
fixed to the double levers g, fulcrumed at g', and linked at their opposite end to the
connecting-rods h, which are operated by the cranks on the driving-shaft d.
Thus each piece of coal is crushed by the points, there being one of the latter
for each cavity e', and the fragments are brought forward by the rotation of the
roller e and fall upon the inner surface of the drum G, whence they are delivered
to an assorting sieve, not shewn on the drawing..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is..
1. A coal-crushing machine, in which the coal pieces are fed along the shaking-
plate F, the front part whereof is provided with undulations e, with notches e¹ and
with curved-up edge c², and in which each piece of coal is crushed by a separate
hammer d³, substantially as shewn and described with reference to Figs. 1 & 2 of
the accompanying drawing.
2. A coal-crushing machine, in which the coal-pieces are fed along the shaking-
plate.F, the front part whereof is provided with undulations c, and in which each
piece of coal, being placed in one of the cavities e' of the roller e, is struck and
crushed by a separate point 1 fixed to the bar, substantially as shewn and
described with reference to Figs. 3 & 4 of the accompanying drawing.
Dated Berlin – this 97th day of Wahzunny 1005
· OTTO SCHÜLER,
By Robert Deissler,
38, Alexander Strasse, Berlin, C., Germany.
· OTTO SCHÜLER,
By Robert Deissler,
38, Alexander Strasse, Berlin, C., Germany.