IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDLASSES AND MACHINERY FOR MOVING WEIGHTS
Year: 1842

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
BETTELEY, of the Brunswick Anchor Works, Liverpool, Chain Cable Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Eleventh day of August, in the sixth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Joseph Betteley, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Joseph Betteley, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Joseph Betteley, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, and in the Isles of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, and Man,
and in all Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention
of IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDLASSES AND MACHINERY FOR MOVING WEIGHTS;" in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Joseph
Betteley, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her
said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and
by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: that is to say:-
My Invention relates-
First, to a mode of applying windlass bars to work the barrels of windlasses
and other machinery for raising weights where a similar barrel is used and
requires to be turned round.
Secondly, my Invention relates to a mode of applying a chock or stop to a
windlass in aid of or in substitution for the palls.
Thirdly, my Invention relates to a mode of regulating or varying the length
of lever handles for working windlass barrels.
Fourthly, my Invention relates to the application of cranks to give motion
to bars or levers which work windlass barrels.
Fifthly, my Invention relates to a mode of constructing iron-bodied windlass
barrels, as hereafter described.
And sixthly, my Invention relates to the mode of applying friction bands for
the purpose of working windlass barrels.
And in order that my Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to explain the Drawings hereunto annexed,
first remarking that the same letters and figures of reference are used to
indicate similar parts.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents a plan of a windlass constructed according to my Inven-
tion. Figure 2 is a transverse section thereof. a, a, is the ordinary barrel of
the windlass; b, b, are the standards or frames in which it turns, as heretofore;
c, c, are the palls; and d the pall wheel; all which are of the ordinary con-
struction, and form no part of my Invention. e, e, are what I call the windlass
bars, which are so constructed and arranged that they will attach themselves
(when being lifted) to the windlass barrel, and for the time being act as if they
were affixed to the barrel and projected out therefrom, and thus, when being
lifted, will carry round the windlass barrel; and the windlass bars e, e, are so
formed and arranged in respect to the surface of the barrel of the windlass
that they will descend from the point at which they held when being raised,
and become secure and hold fast at a position further round the barrel, as will
be hereafter described. ff. are two sockets for receiving the working handles

page_text: .
g, g, the axis of the sockets f. f, turning in bearings at f¹, as is shown.
h, h, are two chains attached to the sockets f, f, and to the windlass bars e, e;
hence, as the handles g, g, are worked up and down, each of the windlass bars
e will alternately be raised and lowered by the chains h, h. And I would
remark, that although I prefer chains for this purpose, I do not confine myself
thereto, as conecting rods might be used in place thereof. Each of the wind-
lass bars is composed of two parts, which are hooped together by the hoop e¹,
as is shewn, or they may be connected by other convenient means. The lower
shackle of the chain hembraces the ends of the two parts of the windlass bars e,
and a pin passes through the shackle and through the two parts of each
windlass bar e, as is clearly shown, and these bars e should be formed very
strong, and I prefer the best wrought iron for the purpose. On the barrel of
the windlass two windlass bar wheels or hoops i, i, are affixed. The section
of these wheels or hoops being shewn in Figure 1, and the side view in
Figure 2, their shape and character will readily be traced; and the manner in
which the windlass bars e, e, embrace these wheels, is also very clearly shown
in the Drawing; and the shape of the parts of the windlass bars e being clearly
shown separately at Figure 3, as well as in their places at Figures 1 and 2,
their construction will readily be understood. It will be seen that the parts
,, of the windlass bars, are formed to move in the grooves ¹,, formed
in the wheels or hoops i, so that when the windlass bars are lowered their
ends e² will slide freely within the grooves ; but immediately the outer ends
of the bars e are raised, the parts and e³ will securely hold the projecting
ring of the wheels or hoops i, and thus prevent the bar e sliding within the
grooves, and the windlass bars will act as if they were fixed to and projected
from the surface of the barrel of the windlass, the windlass bars securely
holding the hoops or wheels i between the parts 2 and e. I would remark,
that I do not confine myself to the form herein described for the windlass bars
e and wheels or hoops i with which they act, so long as the peculiar mode of
their action remains the same; and I have shown variations of the same in
order to indicate that these parts may be somewhat differently shaped and
arranged and yet act similarly to the parts before described.
Figure 4 shows so much of a transverse section of a windlass as will enable me
to explain one variation of the apparatus. Figure 5 shows part of a plan of the
same parts as are shown in Figure 4, and Figure 6 shows the windlass bars e
separately. In this case the wheels or hoops i, i, are made with several sides,
having, however, similar grooves a, i, for the parts e, e, to move in. The differ-
ence in this case being, that when the end of the bar e is raised, the parts e, by
inclining across the groove ' in the wheels or hoops i, are prevented sliding

page_text: within the grooves, and the mode of action is the same as in Fig. 1, 2, & 3.
Figure 4 also shows the mode of applying chocks when riding a ship by the
windlass, in order to save the palls, which may be used in conjunction with the
chocks, or thrown out of action during the time of riding, so that the whole
strain brought on the barrel of the windlass may be resisted by the chocks.
jis a chock, the shape of which is clearly shown, it being capable of being
slided away when not riding the ship. k is a chain affixed to the chock, and
attached by a hook to one of the holes formed in the wheel or hoop i; hence,
when there is any strain which would tend to draw the windlass barrel back,
the chain would draw the chock close under the wheel or hoop i, and more
securely hold the windlass barrel. In some cases, particularly where very
powerful windlasses are used, I cause the outer surfaces of the wheels or
hoops to be grooved, in order to obtain a better holding; and as the surfaces
e are liable to wear, I apply wedge-shaped pieces, also grooved on the face;
which come against the grooved surfaces of the hoops or wheels i; these parts
being, however, only so slightly grooved as not to injure the parts in descending
when the windlass bars are no longer lifted by their chains or other means of
lifting them. Figure 7 shows a section of this variation of the apparatus;
Figure 8, part of a plan thereof; and Figure 9 shows the separate parts and
different views of the windlass bars, and also of the wedge-shaped pieces used
therewith. In this case the windlass bars are slightly differently shaped to
those above described, in order to receive the wedge-shaped pieces between the
surfaces e and the wheels or hoops i; in other respects the parts will work
together as above described. I would here remark, that I am aware that what
are called lever grips have been before used, working in some cases with wheels
or hoops somewhat similar to those shewn and described at i, i. In such
cases the levers have been carried by boxes, and the wheels have been gripped
between the levers and parts of the boxes which carry them. In such cases
there are great strains brought on the pins or axes of the levers, in addition to
the weight and complexity of the parts. I do not therefore claim the use of
the wheels or hoops i, when separately considered. Figures 10, 11, and 12
show parts of a windlass barrel and parts connected therewith, whereby the
bars e are made secure to a windlass barrel by means of wedges. The surface
of the wheel or hoop i is grooved, as before explained, but the inner surfaces of
each arm, which works against the interior of the groove in the wheel or hoop i,
is much longer, and there is a wedge e', which is capable of sliding up and
down by the slots in the cheeks or side plates of the arms e, by pins or pro-
jections from the wedge coming into and being guided by the slots; hence;
when the arms e are raised, they will be securely held to the hoop or wheel;

page_text: but when descending they will readily move to a more distant part of the cir-
cumference of the hoop or wheel i, and again hold fast by means of the moveable
wedges.
I will now describe the third part of my Invention. Figure 13 represents
a plan of a windlass with this part of my Invention applied thereto; Figure
14, an end view; and Figure 15, some of the parts separately. 1, 1, are
sockets, which are affixed to the shafts m. In these sockets the lever handles
n, n, are affixed by pins l', passing through tubes in the sockets, and through
the lever handles n. It will thus be evident that the length of these lever
handles may be regulated according to the power required to be exerted.
Figures 13 and 14 also shew the fourth part of my Invention. On the
axis m are formed the cranks m', m', which are connected by suitable means
to the lever arms e or other apparatus for working the barrel of a windlass
where the lifting and lowering arms or levers are used.
I will now describe the fifth part of my Invention. Figure 16 represents a
plan partly in section, and Figure 17 a transverse section of a windlass
barrel, constructed according to this part of my Invention, the peculiarity of
which consists in forming iron bodied windlasses, with flutings in the direction
of the length of the barrel. a, a, represents the iron barrel, and b, b, pieces
of wood secured in recesses of the barrel; but I would remark I do not
consider it necessary that wood should be introduced so long as suitable
flutings are preserved, the object being to obtain a better holding for the cable.
Figure 18 represents a section of a fluted windlass barrel without wood filling
pieces.
I will now describe the sixth part of my Invention, which is also shewn
applied in Figure 16 & 17. 0, 0, are wheels formed on the windlass barrel.
p, p, are friction bands; to these bands are affixed, by rivetting or otherwise,
pieces of wood p¹, p', which embrace the wheels o, o. The ends of the friction
bands are connected to levers 9, as shewn in the Drawing, the ends of q' of
such levers q being connected by suitable means to the apparatus for working
the windlass.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention as applied to windlass
barrels, I would remark, that a workman will readily apply the improvements
to other similar barrels of machinery used for raising weights. It will not
therefore be necessary to describe the same. And I would have it understood
that what I claim is,-
First, the mode of applying windlass bars in combination with suitable hoops
or wheels on windlasses and such like barrels for raising weights, as described
This 1 to 10

page_text: Second, I claim the mode of applying chocks for holding the windlass barrel
when riding a ship or vessel, as described in respect to Figure 4.
Thirdly, I claim the mode of regulating or varying the length of lever
handles for working windlass barrels, as herein described.
Fourthly, I claim the mode of giving motion to windlass barrels when arms
or levers are used, by applying cranks, as herein described.
Fifthly, I claim the mode of constructing windlass barrels of cast iron with
flutes, as herein described..
And sixthly, I claim the mode of applying friction bands lined with wood;
for giving motion to windlass barrels, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Betteley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-three.
JOSEPH (L.S.) BETTELEY.