IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE PRODUCTION AND MANIPU- LATION OF AËRATED WATERS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Briggs and James Bailey, both of White-
cross Street, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of
** IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE PRODUCTION AND MANIPU-
LATION OF AËRATED WATERS."
Sealed the 25th August 1871, and dated the 3rd March 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Briggs and
James Bailey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 3rd March 1871.
We, JOHN BRIGGS and JAMES BAILEY, both of Whitecross Street,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE PRODUCTION AND
MANIPULATION OF AËRATED WATERS," to be as follows:-
The first part of our Invention consists in novel apparatus for
supplying the sulphuric or other acid to the generator in which the
carbonic acid gas is produced. For this purpose we place a cistern
consisting of or lined with lead or other material calculated to resist
the action of the acid above the generator. Over the cistern we place

page_text: a spindle horizontally or nearly so, which spindle is made to revolve
and has fixed to it a disc, scoop, or other contrivanco suitable for drawing
or lifting at cach revolution a certain quantity of acid out of the cistern
in which it dips. The acid is then caused to run off to the acid box or
funnel on the supply pipe leading to the generator. When the spindle
is fitted with a dise we provide a wiper and a spout, the former causing
the acid adhering to the disc to be wiped off into the said spout. When
the spindle is fitted with a scoop wo prefer to make the same in the
shape of a curved leaden pipe in communication with the interior of
the spindle, which for that purpose is made hollow and lined with lead ]
and through which the neid flows, having its exit at one end, from
whenco it runs into the acid box or funnel on the supply pipe leading to
the generator.
The next part of our Invention consists in novel apparatus for
supplying the acid cistern which is placed above the generator with
sulphuric or other acid. For this purpose we place a closed air-tight
vessel consisting of lead or other material suitable for resisting the
action of the acid in a position convenient for charging the same with
acid from the carboy, through an opening which can be closed with
a screw or other stopper. A pipo is made to enter it at the top, which
pipe forms the delivery pipe of a pneumatic pump placed in any con-
venient position for being worked by hand or power. Another pipe is
made to enter the vessel at the top, reaching nearly to the bottom and
with its upper part ascending to and bent over the top of the acid
cistern. By forcing air by means of the pump into the aforesaid closed
vessel the pressure of the air on the surface of the acid forces it up the
pipe and into the acid cistern placed over the generator or in some
instances into the generator itself.
Our Invention further consists in apparatus or appliances for the mani-
pulation of the aërated water, the object of it being to a great extent to
prevent the latter from parting with the carbonic acid gas in the process
of discharging the same into a tumbler or other receptacle. In the
ordinary way when the aërated water is discharged in a straight or
direct stream it is found that the great force with which it issues causes
it to be deprived of a great portion of its carbonic acid gas. Now wo
obviate this by the following construction of discharge nozzle. We
apply means for deflecting the straight or direct stream as it passes from
the vessel containing the aërated water, and we thereby cause it to be

page_text: broken up, and then let it escape or pass off through an enlarged
aperture.
A plate, diaphragm, disc, or cup placed opposite the stream answers
the purpose of deflecting it, but we prefer to use the following arrange-
ment as cheap and efficient, viz. we close the bottom outlet of the exit
pipe and perforate the said pipe at or near the said bottom with two or
more small holes or slits. The end of the exit pipe is surrounded by an
envelope or casing, by preference bulb or pear shaped, with its upper
part fixed tightly on the pipe, and the lower part of it being open and
having its bottom edge a short distance below the perforated exit pipe.
The aërated water issues through the perforations, fills and collects in
the space between the pipe and its envelope, and descends through the
bottom outlet of the latter in a larger and more quiescent stream whereby
we find that less gas is lost than by the ordinary construction of
nozzle.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Briggs and James Bailey in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 1st September 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
BRIGGS and JAMES BAILEY, both of Whitecross Strect, in the County
of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said John Briggs and James Bailey, Her
special licence that we, the said John Briggs and James Bailey, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
John Briggs and James Bailey, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE
PRODUCTION AND MANIPULATION OF AËRATED WATERS," upon the condition

page_text: (amongst others) that we, the said John Briggs and James Bailey,
our exccutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our
or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Briggs and James Bailey, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that
is to say:-
The first part of our Invention consists in novel apparatus for
supplying the sulphuric or other acid to the generator in which the
carbonic acid gas is generated. This part of our improvements is
illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, of which Fig. 1 is a side elevation
and Fig. 2 an end elevation of an acid apparatus according to our
Invention and applied to a carbonic acid generator of ordinary con-
struction. A wooden cistern A which is lined with lead or other
material calculated to resist the action of the acid is placed over the
generator B and contains tho acid which is to be supplied to the
generator. Over the acid cistern A we place a spindle C horizontally
or nearly so, which spindle here is made with a scoop D formed by a
curved pipe of lead or other suitable material joined on to or in one
with the interior lining of the hollow spindle, which lining is also of
lead or other suitable material. The acid flows through this scoop
and spindle when the same are made to revolve, the scoop D at each
revolution drawing or lifting a certain quantity of acid out of the
cistern in which it dips. The acid has its exit at one end, as shown, and
runs from there into the acid box or funnel E and thence by means
of the syphon pipe F into the generator B. Instead of the scoop
pipe D shown and described already and in the sequel, other revolving
contrivances may be used for lifting or drawing the acid, such as a disc,
and when thus fitted we provide a wiper and a spout, the former causing
the acid adhering to the disc to be wiped off into the said spout, whenco
it runs off to the acid funnel. The feed may be regulated if desired by
means of cone pulleys.

page_text: A modification of our improved apparatus for supplying generators
with acid is shown at Figs. 3, 4, and 5, Fig. 3 being a sectional
clevation; Fig. 4, a plan; and Fig. 5, an end elevation of the same.
The connections of the apparatus with the generator are not shown
but
may be of the same character as described or of any other suitable
and well-known description. The acid cistern A with its spindle C and
scoop D are similar to those already described, but the modification
referred to relates to the acid box or funnel E which contains an interior
acid dish G which receives the acid first from the end of the hollow
spindle C. This dish is hung on pivots H, H, and may be put in a more
or less tilted position by setting a lever I in a quadrant or staple J by
means of a set screw. The dish G has a spout K leading the superfluous
acid back into the cistern A while the spout L at the other end delivers
into the funnel E. It will be evident that the higher the end of the
dish which has the spout K is clevated the more acid will run off through
the spout L at the other end, and vice versa. The feed of acid to
the funnel and thence to the generator may thus be regulated to
any required extent without stopping or altering the speed of the acid
apparatus.
The next part of our Invention consists in novel apparatus for
supplying the acid cistern, which is placed above the generator and
which in the previously described Drawings is designated by the letter A,
with sulphuric or other acid. For this purpose we place a closed air-tight
vessel consisting of lead or other material suitable for resisting the
action of the acid in a position convenient for charging the same
with acid from the carboy through an opening which can be closed
with a screw or other stopper. A pipe is made to enter it at the top, which
pipe forms the delivery pipe of a pneumatic pump placed in any
convenient position for being worked by hand or power. Another pipo
is made to enter the vessel at the top reaching nearly to the bottom and
with its upper part ascending to and bent over the top of the acid
By forcing air by means of the pump into the aforesaid closed
vessel the pressure of the air on the surface of the acid forces it up the
pipe and into the acid cistern placed over the generator, or in some
instances into the generator itself.
cistern.
Our Invention further consists in apparatus or appliances for the
manipulation of the aërated water, the object of it being to a great
extent to prevent the latter from parting with the carbonic acid gas in

page_text: the process of discharging the same into a tumbler or other receptacle.
In the ordinary way when the aërated water is discharged in a straight
or direct stream it is found that the great force with which it issues
causes it to be deprived of a great portion of its carbonic acid gas.
We would here remark that we are aware that this evil has been
attempted to be overcome by means of a nozzle with a moveable plate
or diaphragm which may be made to obstruct the direct flow of the
stream of the acrated water by moving a lever attached to said
diaphragm, but we apply other and cheaper means for accomplishing
this purpose.
We fix a plate, diaphragm, disc, or cup, opposite the stream for
deflecting the straight or direct direction of the same as it passes from the
vessel containing the acrated water, and we thereby cause it to be broken
up and then to escape or pass off through an enlarged aperture. We
prefer the arrangement shown in cross section by Fig. 6 as both cheap
and efficient.
It will be observed that the bottom outlet of the exit pipe A is closed
and has perforations at or near the bottom in the shape of two or
more small holes or slits. The end of the exit pipe A is surrounded
by an envelope or casing B, by preference bulb or pear-shaped, as shown,
and with its upper part fixed tightly on the pipo and the lower part
open and having its bottom edge a short distance below the perforated
exit pipe A. The aörated water issues through the perforations, fills
and collects in the space between the pipe A and its envelope B and
descends through the bottom outlet of the latter in a larger and morc
quiescent stream, whereby we find that less gas is lost than by the
ordinary construction of nozzle.
Fig. 7 illustrates another mode of carrying out this part of our
Invention. The end of the pipe A is not closed but a plate or
diaphragm C is fixed directly opposite it and having openings or slits
round the edge only where it joins the envelope B. The action is similar
to the one just described.
And having now fully described the nature of this Invention we
declare that we claim,―
Firstly. The employment of apparatus for supplying acid to carbonic;
acid generators, substantially as described, severally and in combination.

page_text: Secondly. The employment of a scoop, disc, or other contrivance
mounted on a revolving spindle and suitable for drawing or lifting acid
out of the acid cistern intermittently or continuously.
Thirdly. The acid feed regulating apparatus, substantially as
described.
Fourthly. The pneumatic acid charging apparatus, substantially as
described.
Fifthly. The employment of means for deflecting the straight or
direct stream of acrated wafer when drawn off, substantially as and for
the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Briggs, for myself, and
on behalf of the said James Bailey, have hereunto set my hand
and scal, this Twenty-ninth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.