IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BOILING, WASHING OR CLEANSING, AND DYRING CLOTHES AND FABRICS, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Brewster, of Redditch, in the County of
Worcester, Needle Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR BOILING, WASHING OR CLEANSING, AND DYRING CLOTHES AND
FABRICS, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES."-A communication from abroad
by James Brown, of New York, in the United State of America.
Sealed the 15th May 1867, and dated the 20th November 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Brewster at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th November 1867.
I, WILLIAM BREWSTER, of Redditch, in the County of Worcester, Needle
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS POR BOJLING, WASHING OR CLEANSING, AND DYKING
CLOTHES AND FABRICS, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in the
vessels used for boiling clothes and fabrics for the purpose of washing on
cleansing the same, whereby a uniform circulation of the heated or boiling
Price Bd1

page_text: water in the vessel is effected, and the clothes or fabrics thoroughly washed or
cleansed.
The said Invention is also applicable to vessels used for dyeing clothes or
fabrics, and for other similar purposes.
The said Invention consists of a partition or false bottom of tin or other
metal made to fit closely in the vessel containing the heated water or liquid.
The said partition or false bottom is perforated with holes and is supported a
short distance from the bottom of the said vessel by a rim or edge of the
required depth or by legs fixed on the said partition. On opposite sides of
the partition or false bottom two vertical tubes or pipes are attached, the said
tubes or pipes passing to the under side of the partition, and rising above the
partition nearly to the top of the vessel. The said tubes or pipes are made
taper, that end connected with the partition being of greatest diameter. The
upper ends of the pipes or tubes may be bent towards the interior of the
vessel.
In using the vessel provided with this Invention the clothes or fabrics are
placed on the perforated partition or false botton, and the required quantity
of water is put in the vessel and the water heated or boiled in the usual way.
As the water under the partition is heated or boiled it rises up the tubes in
the said partition, a corresponding quantity of water above the partition
passing downwards through the perforations in the partition to the under side
thereof. A circulation of the heated or boiling water is thus set up, the said
water being made to pass in a continuous stream through the clothes or
fabrics on the perforated partition_or false bottom. The said clothes or
fabrics are thereby thoroughly washed or cleansed, no handling or rubbing
being required.
In dyeing clothes or fabrics the liquid dye is made to circulate through
the clothes or fabrics in the manner described with respect to the heated or
boiling water. Instead of a single partition or false bottom as described, a
double partition may be used if necessary.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Brewster in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th May 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BREWSTER, of Redditch, in the County of Worcester, Needle Manufacturer,
send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Brewster, Her special licence that I, the said William
Brewster, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said William Brewster, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BOILING, WASHING OR CLEANSING, AND DYEING
CLOTHES AND FABRICS, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," a communication to
me from abroad by James Brown, of New York, in the United States
of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Brewster, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Brewster, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in the
vessels used for boiling clothes and fabrics for the purpose of washing or
cleansing the same, whereby a uniform circulation of the heated or boiling
water in the vessel is effected, and the clothes or fabrics are thoroughly
washed or cleansed.
The said Invention is also applicable to vessels used for dyeing clothes or
fabrics, and for other similar purposes.
The said Invention consists of a partition or false bottom of tin or other
metal inade to fit closely in the vessel containing the heated water or liquid.
The said partition or false bottom is perforated with holes and is supported a
short distance from the bottom of the said vessel by a rim or edge of the
required depth or by legs fixed on the said partition. On opposite sides of the
partition or false bottom two vertical tubes or pipes are attached, the said tubes

page_text: or pipes passing to the under side of the partition and rising above the partition
nearly to the top of the vessel. The said tubes or pipes are made taper, that
end connected with the partition being of greatest diameter. The upper
of the pipes or tubes may be bent towards the interior of the vessel.
ends
In using the vessel provided with this Invention the clothes or fabrics are
placed on the perforated partition or false bottom and the required quantity of
water is put in the vessel and the water heated or boiled in the usual way.
As the water under the partition is heated or boiled it rises up the tubes in
the partition, a corresponding quantity of water above the partition passing
downwards through the perforations in the partition to the under side thereof.
A circulation of the heated or boiling water is thus set up, the said water being
made to pass in a continuous stream through the clothes or fabrics on the
perforated partition or false bottom. The said clothes or fabrics are thereby
thoroughly washed or cleansed, no handling or rubbing being required.
In dyeing clothes or fabrics the liquid dye is made to circulate through the
clothes or fabrics in the manner described with respect to the heated or
boiling water. Instead of a single partition or false bottom as described, a
double partition may be used if necessary.
Having explained the nature of the said Invention, I will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner in which
the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in longitudinal section an apparatus for boiling or
washing clothes or fabrics constructed according to this Invention applied to
an ordinary washing kettle or pot; Figure 2 represents in elevation the said
apparatus separately; and Figure 3 represents a plan of the upper side,
and Figure 4 a plan of the under side of the same. The same letters of
reference indicate the same parts in each Figure of the Drawing.
a is the ordinary washing kettle or pot to contain the heated water or liquid,
and 6 is a perforated partition or false bottom fitting the said kettle or pot
closely. The said perforated partition b is supported above the bottom of the
kettle or pot a by a rim or edge 62 fixed to the said partition. Instead of
the rim 62 feet may be used to support the partition. On opposite sides of
the partition or false bottom 6 two vertical tubes or pipes c, c, are attached,
the said pipes opening on the under side of the partition b, and rising nearly
to the top of the kettle or pot in which the partition is fitted. The upper
ends of the pipes c, c, are made taper and are bent towards each other and the
interior of the kettle, as represented in the Drawing.
In using the kettle or pot provided with this Invention the clothes or fabrics

page_text: are placed on the perforated partition or false bottom b, and the water in the
said kettle or pot is heated or boiled in the usual way. As the water under
the perforated partition 6 is heated or boiled it rises up the tubes c, c, to the
top of the pot or kettle, a corresponding quantity of water passing downwards
through the perforated partition to the under side thereof. A circulation of
the heated or boiling water is thus set up, the said water being made to pass
in a continuous stream through the clothes or fabrics on the perforated
partition or false bottom.
t
By the circulation of the heated or boiling water in the manner described
the clothes or fabrics are thoroughly washed or cleansed without rubbing.
A double perforated partition and one circulating pipe or tube or more than
two pipes or tubes may be employed.
Instead of the circulating pipes or tubes c, c, being carried by a partition
or false bottom, a separate perforated false bottom may be employed and the
circulating tubes be fixed to the inner sides of the kettle or vessel; or instead
of placing the circulating tubes inside the kettle or vessel they may be placed
outside if desired. In this arrangement the bottom ends of the outside
circulatingtubes pass through the kettle orvessel and open under the perforated
partition, and the tops of the said tubes pass through the kettle or vessel and
open into the interior of the kettle or vessel at the top thereof. In each of
the said arrangements the action of the apparatus is the same as that first
described.
In using the apparatus for dyeing clothes or fabrics the liquid dye is
made to circulate through the clothes or fabrics in the manner described
with respect to the heated or boiling water used in washing clothes or
fabrics.
The apparatus constructed according to this Invention is applicable to
coppers and vessels generally in which clothes or fabrics are boiled, washed,
or cleaned or dyed.
Having described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself
to the precise details herein described and illustrated, as the same may be
varied without departing from the nature of the said Invention ; but I claim
as the said Invention the improvements in apparatus for boiling, washing or
cleansing, and dyeing clothes and fabrics and for other like purposes herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, that is to say,
the construction and addition to vessels in which clothes or fabrics are boiled,
washed or cleansed, or dyed of a perforated partition or false bottom and

page_text: circulating pipes or tubes, substantially as described and illustrated, whereby
a circulation of the water or liquid in the said vessels is set up, and the clothes
or fabrics thereby thoroughly washed or cleansed or dyed.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Brewster, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.
WILLIAM BREWSTER. (LS.)