AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PRESERVING THE FORM OF COPS OF YARN BY THE APPLICATION OF ADHESIVE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Enoch Fielding, of Todmorden, in the County of
Lancaster, Factory Operative, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD
OF PRESERVING THE FORM OF COPS OF YARN BY THE APPLICATION OF ADHESIVE
SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 1st March 1859, and dated the 4th November 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Enoch Fielding at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th November 1858.
I, ENOCH FIELDING, of Todmorden, in the County of Lancaster, Factory
Operative, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED METHOD OF PRESERVING THE FORM OF COPS OF YARN BY THE APPLICATION
OF ADHESIVE SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:--
In building cops of yarn it has hitherto been customary either to wind tho
yarn on to the bare spindle or on to tubes of metal or other material. When
the former plan is adopted, without my improvements, the bottoms or first
layers of the cops become deranged, thereby causing much waste; and the
other plan is objectionable, owing to the extra cost and weight of the tubes.
Now my Invention consists in applying an adhesive substance to the bare
spindles on which the yarn is wound, as heretofore, or in winding three or four

page_text: or other convenient number of layers of yarn on the bare spindles in the usual
manner, and then applying the adhesive substance, which may be done by
hand or by suitable self-acting machinery, while the spindles are revolving,
and the machine continues its work uninterruptedly until the cops are built.
By the time the cops are complete, the adhesive substance has set or become
hard, thereby uniting the inner layers of yarn forming the bottoms of the cops,
the forms of which are thus preserved in doffing and putting on to the
skewers of the winding or doubling frames, or of the shuttles from which they
are unwound, with less waste than heretofore.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Enoch Fielding in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd May 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ENOCI
FIELDING, of Todmorden, in the County of Lancaster, Factory Operative,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Enoch Fielding, Her special licence that I, the said Enoch
Fielding, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Enoch Fielding, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IM-
PROVED METHOD OF PRESERVING THE FORM OF COPS OF YARN BY THE APPLICATION OF
ADHESIVE SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Enoch
Fielding, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Enoch Fielding, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say) :-
=
My Invention of "An Improved Method of Preserving the Form of Cops of
Yarn by the Application of Adhesive Substances," is as follows:-In building
cops of yarn, it has hitherto been customary either to wind the yarn on to the
bare spindles or on to tubes of metal or other material; when the former plan
is adopted, without my improvements, the bottoms or first layers of the cop are
liable to become deranged when the cop is taken off the spindle, thereby
creating much waste; and the other plan is objectionable, owing to the extra
cost and weight of the tubes, and the extra time taken up in putting them
on to the spindles and collecting them to be used over again.
Now my Invention consists in applying any suitable adhesive substance to
the bare spindle on which the yarn is wound as heretofore, or in winding three
or four or other convenient number of layers of yarn on the bare spindle in the
usual manner, and then applying the adhesive substance, which may be done by
hand or by suitable self-acting machinery, while the spindles are revolving,
and the machine continues its work uninterruptedly until the cops are built;
by the time the cops are complete, the adhesive substance has set or become
hard, thereby uniting the inner layers of yarn forming the bottoms of the cops,
the forms of which are thus preserved when the cops are doffed and when
putting them on to the skewers of the winding or doubling frame or of the
shuttles, from which they are unwound with less waste than heretofore. The
object of my Invention being to unite the inner layer or layers of yarn forming
a cop, so as to give it a firm tubular form as described, by applying thereto
adhesive substances, any of the well-known adhesive substances ordinarily used
in making common paste or similar compositions may be employed. They
may be mixed with water in the usual way, taking care that the paste or com-
position may have the requisite consistency, and not be mixed with any
materials that may be injurious to the yarn, while it may dry or set with
sufficient quickness. I recommend ordinary flour paste to be used, or the
ordinary size used in preparing warps, these substances will be found to be
cheap, and will answer the purpose.
When the adhesive substance or paste is applied by self-acting machinery,
I prefer to make use of the apparatus shewn in the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a mule carriage; Fig. 2,
a plan; and Fig. 3, a front view of the same. a, a, are the spindles; b, the
drum by which the spindles are driven in the usual manner; to the axle of the
drum bis fixed the grooved pulley c, which by the band d drives the pulley e
fixed to the shaft f; on this shaft are mounted the two bevel pinions g and h,

page_text: which are connected together by a boss; these pinions are connected to the
shaft by a groove and key, in order that they can be moved lengthwise of the
shaft, so as to bring either one or the other into gear with the bevel wheel i, fixed
to the shaft j, to the upper end of which is fixed the small grooved pulley k, a
similar pulley 1, is mounted at the other end of the mule carriage, as shewn in
Fig. 2, and an endless band m passes around the pulleys k and 1; to the band
mis fixed the block n, which is guided by the rib o, and on the block n is
attached or placed the box p, containing the adhesive substance, which is
applied to the yarn on the spindles a, by the bristles passing through one side
of the box.
g
The mode of operation is as follows:-When the mule is started to
commence building a set of cops, the bevel pinions 9 and h are kept out of
gear with the wheel i by the lever q, see Fig. 3, which is held in position by
a spring catch r; as soon as three or other desired number of stretchers have
been performed, the attendant, by moving the lever 7 into the proper notch of
the spring catch r, brings the pinion g into gear with the wheel i, the pulley k
and band m are thus put in motion in the required direction for traversing the
box p, from the position shewn in full lines in Fig. 2, to that indicated by the
dotted lines; by this means the adhesive substance is applied to the yarn
wound on the spindles; the box p may be immediately brought back to the
place from which it started by the attendant changing the position of the lever
7, so as to bring the pinion h into gear with the wheel i, or the box may
remain in the position shewn in dots, by bringing the lever q into the vertical
position so as to disconnect both pinions 9 and h from the wheel i until the
next set of cops has to be operated upon. When the cops are completed they
are doffed or taken off the spindles in the usual manner; and as the adhesive
substance that was applied to the bottoms of the cops has had sufficient timo
to become dry during the completion of the cops, it is evident that the inner
layers of yarn are united together in a tubular form, thereby leaving a cylin-
drical hole through the cop, which is not liable to be injured by packing or be
unwound or entangled when the cops are removed from the spindles. The
cops thus formed are easily put on the skewers of shuttles, or of the winding
and doubling frames, and when unwound from the said skewers, the waste
hitherto produced by the entanglement of the inner layers of the cops is
avoided to a much greater extent than heretofore.
g
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention and described how the same
may be carried into practical operation, I wish it to be distinctly understood
that I do not limit myself to the precise mechanical parts and details set
forth and described for giving motion to the box containing the adhesive

page_text: substance, as the object can be attained in various other ways; but I declare
that I claim as my Invention the use of adhesive substances applied to
spindles or the inner layers of yarn forming the bottoms of cops, for the
purpose of preserving the tubular form thereof and preventing entanglement
and waste.
In witness whereof, I, the said Enoch Fielding, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Second day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
H. B. BARLOW,
Manchester.
ENOCH FIELDING. (L.S.)