Improvements in Anchors.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Apr., 1896-Accepted, 24th Apr., 1897
Improvements in Anchors.
We, HENRY ALONZO HOUSE, Senior, of East Cowes, Isle of Wight, Mechanical
Engineer, and ROBERT RINTOUL SYMON, of 20 Ahchurch Lane, London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements the object of which is to cheapen and
simplify the construction of anchors, and to provide for their quicker and more
effective operation.
In the accompanying drawings Figure is a perspective view of an anchor
constructed in accordance with the invention, Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of
aume, and Figure 3 a sectional elevation showing a modification.
Similar figures of reference relato to like parts in all the figures of the drawings.
1 represents the shank, which may be of any ordinary construction, preferably
provided on its upper and lower faces with longitudinal strengthening ribs 1, 1,
extending to the crown of the shank 1.
The flukes 2 are made of any desirable shape and size and are, as usual, connected
together by an arm 3, which passes through, and is adapted to rock within an eye 4
in the crown of the shank 1.
The shank and flukes 2 are preferably cast in connection with each other in
such manuer that the flukes have a swivel connection with the shank 1.
In con-
necting the shank and flukes it is preferable to cast the shank first, and to cast the
arm 3 within the eye 4 of the shank, in the manner described in the specification
of a patent granted to us and to Henry Alonzo House (Junior) dated 9th Sep-
tember 1893 No. 17010 the said eye being utilized as part of the mould for forming
the fluke arm. In this method of connecting the parts, the use of a refractory
couting between the parts may be dispensed with, as the shrinkage of the metal
forming the arm 3 will be great enough to permit the said arm to rock freely within
the eye of the shank. It will be understood, however, that if desired the usual
thin coating of refractory material may be employed to obtain a smoothly finished
product. It will also be understocd that in lieu of casting, the parts may be
forged.
Integral with the arm 3, at diametrically opposite points thereon, are fins or
blades 5, each formed in the shape of a yoke. These blades or fins radiate from
the arin at substantially right angles to the flukes 2, and their parallel portions 6
bear against opposite sides of the crown of the shank 1, to prevent the lateral
movement of the flukes.
The blades or fins 5 are curved towards the flukes 2 and are formed with sharp
outer ends 7, which extend transversely across the shank 1; and their inner faces
are adapted to come in contact with enlargements 8 on the shank, which enlarge-
ments conform to the curvature of the inner faces of the blades 5 and provide
broad bearing surfaces for the latter.
A bearing 9 is connected by a universal joint to the end of the shank 1, and has
the securing chain or cable attached to it. This bearing 9 is formed with an eye 10
having a spherical bead 12 adapted to take into a spherical recess 13 in the end of
the shank 1. The bearing and shank are preferably connected together by coating
the spherical head 12 with refractory material, and then casting the shank round

page_text: it, the spherical bead being inserted in the mould for the shank so as to form a part
of such mould. By forming a universal joint between the shank 1 and the bearing 9,
the formation of kinks in the securing chain or cable is avoided when the boat,
secured by the anchor, swings with the tide.
Arranged on the shank 1, near the end in which the flukes are supported, is a
ring 14 provided with an eye 15. This ring is adapted to turn in an annular
groove 16 in the shank 1, it being secured in such groove by coating its inner
surface with a suitable refractory material, and inserting it in the mould of the
abank previous to the casting of the said shank. By the employment of this ring
the anchor may be lifted by hooking a chain from a davit into the eyo 15. After
the anchor is thus lifted its ends may be elevated or lowered, or it may be turned
on its side, thereby enabling it to be cast over the side of the vessel without
injuring the same or catching in any part thereof.
It will be noted that the shauk and flukes are forined of two pieces only, which
are connected together without the use of bolts, rivets, and so forth, and it is
preferable to construct it in this manner; but we do not desire to limit ourselves
in this respect as it will be understood that the parts may be secured together as
illustrated in Figure 3 for example, or in any other desired way.
In operation the anchor is lowered until it comes in contact with the ground,
when it is dragged forward, causing the edge 7 of the lowermost blade or fin 5 to
take into the ground, which it does with great ease on account of its curvature,
in much the same manner as a plough. The resistance which the ground offers to
the blades or fius 5 depresses the flukes 2 until their points enter and are buried in
the ground. The downward movement of the flukes is limited, however, by the
uppermost blade or fin 5 coming in contact with the enlargement or bearing 8 on
the shank 1, which it does when the flukes are standing at an angle of forty-five
degrees, more or less, to the shank of the anchor.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declaro that what we
claim is :-
First. An anchor comprising a shank 1, flukes 2 pivotally connected to the said
shank, and curved blades or fins 5 on the said flukes, substantially as described.
Second. An anchor comprising a shank 1, flukes 2 pivotally connected to the said
shank, curved blades or fius on the said flukes, and bearings 8 on the shank shaped
so as to conform to the inner faces of the said blades or fins, substantially as described.
Third. An anchor comprising a shank 1, flukes 2 pivotally connected to the said
sbank, and blades or fins 5 on the flukes adapted to bear against both sides and on
the face of the shank, substantially as described.
Fourth. In an anchor comprising a shank, and flukes pivotally connected to one
end thereof, the use of a beating 9 connected by a universal joint with the other
end of the said shank, substantially as described.
Fifth. In an anchor comprising a shank and flukes pivotally connected thereto,
the use of a ring 14 adapted to rotate in an annular groove on the said shank,
substantially as described.
Sixth. An anchor comprising a shank 1, flukes 2 pivotally connected to oue
end thereof, a bearing 9, connected by a universal joint with the other end of
the shank, and a ring 14 adapted to rotate in an annular groove on the shank,
substantially as described.
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H. A. HOUSE, SENR.,
R. R. SYMON,
Per W. H. Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.