Improvements in Looms.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd May, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Jan., 1890-Accepted, 1st Mar., 1890
TRUVIDIONAL DI MUITUATION.
Improvements in Looms.
I, JOSEPH JAGGER, of Rifton Glen Esopus, in the County of Ulster, and State of
New York, United States of America, Carpet-Mill Superintendent, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provido a new and improved loom for weaving
velvet pile and Brussels loop intermingled in one cloth.
The Invention consists of a Maltese cross or star wheel operated and locked from
the main shatt and connected with cams and levers operating the healds, the jacquard,
and the picking device, and of a device for ensuring regular measurement of each
pattern woven.
The Invention also consists of various parts and details and combinations of the
same, as will be hereinafter fully described."
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specifica-
tion in which Figure 1 is a broken side elevation of a loom, shewing my improvement;
Figure 2 is a plan view of the same, partly broken away; Figure 3 is a face view of
a star wheel; Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of the same; Figure 5 is a face view
of a star wheel having twelve divisions; Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of the same;
Figure 7 is a face view of two fine chain cams; Figure 8 is a face view of one of the
working cams; Figure 9 is a face view of one of the con:ber board cams; Figure 10
is a face view of the driving and locking wheel for the star wheel; Figure 11 is an
edge view of the same; and Figure 12 is a side view of the healds and their operating
mechanism; similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the
figures.
A is the frame of the loom, B the crank shaft which operates the lay and other parts
of the loom in the usual manner, and C a driving and locking wheel keyed to the end
of the shaft B and provided with the projecting pin (and baving an annular raised
projection C², as seen more clearly in Figures 10 and 11. On the shaft D having its
bearings in a frame A¹ secured at one side of the main frame A is mounted the star
wheel E having eight, twelve, or more slots or recesses E' in its rim and having the
curved parts E between the recesses E', as shewn in figures 3 and 5. The star
wheel E has an elongated hub E³ on which are mounted the fine chain cams F and F¹
(see figure 7) which are fastened to the star wheel E by the bolts E' projecting from
the star wheel E and passing through suitable apertures in the fine chain cams F
and F. Each of the fine chain cams F and F has a cam groove F in which is
placed a friction roller G³ mounted on a stud attached to the lever G or G¹, said levers
being fulcrumed at one end on a shaft H (see Figure 2) mounted in suitable bearings
attached to the main frame A and to the frame A¹. The other ends of the levers G
and G are connected to the healds I and I¹ by means of the levers and 91 (see
figure 12) connecting rods ³, links g³ and hooks g* g³. On the hub ³ of the star
wheel E are also placed the working cams J J' also fastened to the star wheel E by the
bolts E which are passed through the working cams. Each of the working cams J J¹
is provided with a cam groove J² (see figure 8) in which is placed a friction roller K'
mounted on a stud attached to the levers K and K' respectively one end of each of
said levers being fulcrumed on the shaft H. The other end of the lever K' is con-
nected by the link L (see figure 1) with an arm L' secured to the shaft L' mounted
in suitable bearings on the frames A and A' and the other end of the lever K is con-
nected by the link M with an arm M' attached to a sleeve M³ fitted on the shaft L'.
N is a cam on the shaft D, the periphery of which cam is in contact with a friction
wheel N mounted on a stud attached to a lever N' one end of which is fulcrumed on

page_text: the shaft H' while the other end is connected with, and operates, the jacquard which
produces the pattern or design in the usual manner. Lisshaft provided with an
upright arm which operates the horizontal oscillating picking shaft O on the one
side of the frame A while the horizontal oscillating picking shaft P on the other side
of the frame A is operated by a similar arm M³ on the sleeve M. The picking
shafts and P are operated by the action of the revolving comber board cams
secured to the shaft D and provided with one, two, three, or more picking cams Q
(see figure 9) and the cams Qoperate the lovers R in the usual manner for
working the jacquard harness comber board. The spike or breast roller S which
draws forward the carpet as it is woven, is operated by a
the shaft D by the inclined shaft S¹ provided with the clutch $2 and the clutch
lever S³ for stopping the rotation of the shaft. S₁ for letting back the cloth. The
shaft S at its upper end has a worm S which is in gear with the worm wheel S
attached to the shaft S' on which the breast roller S is mounted. To the shaft S
is attached, by means of a set screw, the roller T having on its periphery small
projecting pegs T¹. To the cross-bar A³ of the main frame A is attached a guide
plate U and over it and the roller T passes an endless belt V which also passes under
a tension roller W mounted in a bearing secured to the floor. The belt V is provided
with a number of apertures corresponding to the pegs T¹ on the roller T.
worm and wheel from
The operation is as follows:-Each revolution of the crank shaft B rotates the
wheel C once so that the pin projecting into the top recess E¹ of the star wheel E
turns the latter in the direction of the arrow a' (figure 1) the distance of the division
of the star wheel used, that is an eighth or a twelfth part of the periphery of
the said wheel E. As soon as the pin leaves the recess E', the star wheel remains
stationary until the pin C comes in contact with the next recess E¹ of said star
wheel and the latter is held in a locked position during the stationary period by the
annular projection C being in close contact with its curved part E³. This partial
rotation of wheel E is imparted to the fine chain cams F and F and to the working
cams J and J. As the two fine chain cams F and F1 are placed in opposite positions
to each other, as shewn in figure 7, they operate the healds I and I and as the two
working canis J and J are also placed in opposite positions to each other, they
alternately operate the picking shafts O and P. As the main crank shaft B rotates
eight or twelve times before imparting a full revolution to the star wheel and the cams
attached to it, it will be seen that the healds and the picking shafts are operated
correspondingly through the respective levers G G and K K' provided with the
friction rollers K² and G which engage with the respective cam grooves and the
several connections with the healds and the picking shafts above described.
The picking shafts O and P are alternately placed in position for picking, by the
arm L attached to the shaft L and the arm M³ attached to the sleeve M².
When a star wheel E having twelve divisions or slots E' in its rim, as shewn in
figures 1 and 5, is employed then the picking is accomplished by first left, right, left,
then miss or stand for three revolutions of the crank shaft, making six revolutions of
the crank shaft, and then repeat picking right, left, right, and miss or stand again
during three revolutions of the crank shaft, making again six revolutions of the crank
shaft, thus making twelve revolutions of the crank shaft to one revolution of the said
star wheel.
The shuttle ceases to operate whenever the rollers K² of the working cams J J¹ are
on a level as the said rollers K' then travel on the depressed circular part of the
groove of the cams J J and the levers K K' oporated by the said rollers K² remain
inactive. The levers K K' are again raised and lowered alternately when the said
rollers K travel over the in regular parts of the groove of the cams J J¹. As shown in
figures 7 and 8, the rollers are one above the other and the shuttle is operating. At
the stopping of the shuttle, the pile wire for the loop is drawn out of the cloth and
placed under the warp raised by the jacquard.
Now, when a star wheel E having eight divisions or slots E¹ in its rim, as shewn
in Figure 3, is employed then the picking is accomplished by first left, right, left,

page_text: and miss or stand for one revolution of the crank shaft, making four revolutions of
the crank shaft and one half revolution of the star wheel. Thus the crank shaft makes
eight revolutions to one full revolution of the star wheel having eight slots E¹.
The revolving of the shaft D imparts a rotary motion to the spike or breast roller S
by means of the shaft S¹ worin S and worm wheel S attached to shaft S* and as the
roller T is attached to the latter, the belt V travels with the same speed as the woven
fabric which passes over the roller S. The object of the belt V is to ensure regular
measurement of each pattern woven and if the latter is, for instance, sixty inches long,
the belt is to be made of the same length. The belt V does not change its relative
length by travelling around the roller T and the roller W, being propelled by the
pegs T engaging with the corresponding apertures in the belt, but the worsted or
woolen printed warp does vary its length as the fabric is woven, and has to be
regulated by the dead weight in the tension device usually employed on the warp.
The dead weight on the tension device is increased or diminished according to the
variation in the length of the patterns in the warp as the weaving progresses. If
this variation in the length of the pattern in the warp were not regulated, then the
weft would not be united with the warp at the proper point and the pattern of the
finished carpet would be distorted. By increasing or diminishing the dead weight on
the tension device while the weaving is progressing, the warp is stretched or relaxed
so that the weft enters at the proper point, thus forming the correct and uniform
pattern on the finished carpet. Now, it is evident, that as the fabric and the belt V
travel together, the variation in the length of the pattern of the fabric can be at once
discovered by referring to a starting mark on the belt, and the weaver can increase
or diminish the dead weight on the tension device so as to correct the difference of
travel of the belt and the fabric.
Dated this and dar of M 1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms.
I, JOSEPH JAGGER of Rifton Glen Esopus in the County of Ulster and State of
New York United States of America Carpet-Mill Superintendent do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of my invention is to provide a new and improved loom for weaving
velvet pile and Brussels loop intermingled in one cloth.
The Invention consists of a Maltese Cross or Star Wheel operated and locked from
the main shaft and connected with cams and levers operating the healds, the Jacquard,
and the picking device, and of a device for ensuring regular measurement of each
pattern woven.
The Invention also consists of various parts and details and combinations of the
same, as will be hereinafter fully described.
Reference is to be had to the drawings left with the Provisional Specification, in
which Figure 1 is a broken side elevation of a loom, shewing my improvement;
Figure 2 is a plan view of the same, partly broken away; Figure 3 is a face view of
a star wheel; Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of the same; Figure 5 is a face
view of a star wheel having twelve divisions; Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of
the same; Figure 7 is a face view of two fine chain cams; Figure 8 is a face view
of one of the working cams; Figure 9 is a face view of one of the comber board
cams; Figure 10 is a face view of the driving and locking wheel for the star wheel;
Figure 11 is an edge view of the same; and Figure 12 is a side view of the healds
and their operating mechanism; similar letters of references indicate corresponding
parts in all the figures.
:

page_text: Each
A is the frame of the loom, B the crank shaft which operates the lay and other
parts of the loom in the usual manner, and C a driving and locking wheel koyed
to the end of the shaft B and provided with the projecting pin and having an
annular raised projection (3, as seen more clearly in Figures 10 and 11. On the
shaft D having its bearings in a frame A' secured at one side of the main frame A
is mounted the star wheel E having eight, twelve, or more slots or recesses E¹ in its
rim and having the curved parts E between the recesses E', as shewn in figures 3
and 5. The star wheel E has an elongated hub E³ on which are mounted the fine
chain cams F and F¹ (see figure 7) which are fastened to the star wheel E by the
bolts E projecting from the star wheel E and passing through suitable apertures in
the fine chain cams F and F. Each of the fine chain cams F and F has a cam
groove F in which is placed a friction roller G mounted on a stud attached to the
lever G or G¹, said levers being fulcrumed at one end on a shaft H (see Figure 2)
mounted in suitable bearings attached to the main frame A and to the frame A. The
other ends of the levers G and G¹ are connected to the healds I and I¹ by means of
the levers g and g¹ (see figure 12) connecting rods g³, links g³ and hooks 9* 9°. On
the hub Es of the star wheel E are also placed the working cams J J also fastened to
the star wheel E by the bolts E' which are passed through the working cams.
of the working cams JJ is provided with a cam groove J2 (see figure 8) in which is
placed a friction roller K2 mounted on a stud attached to the levers K and K'
respectively one end of each of said lovers being fulcrumed on the shaft H. The
other end of the lever K' is connected by the link L (see figure 1) with an arm L¹
secured to the shaft L' mounted in suitable bearings on the frames A and A¹ and the
other end of the lever K is connected by the link M with an arm M¹ attached to a
sleeve M² fitted on the shaft I. N is a cam on the shaft D, the periphery of which
cam is in contact with a friction wheel N¹ mounted on a stud attached to a lever N2
one end of which is fulcrumed on the shaft H while the other end is connected' with,
and operates, the jacquard which produces the pattern or design in the usual manner.
L' is a shaft provided with an upright arm 1 which operates the horizontal oscillating
picking shaft: O on the one side of the frame A while the horizontal oscillating
picking shaft P on the other side of the frame A is operated by a similar arm M³ on
the sleeve M². The picking shafts O and P are operated by the action of the
revolving comber board cams Q secured to the shaft D and provided with one, two,
three, or more picking cams Q₁ (see figure 9) and the cams Q operate the levers K
in the usual manner for working the jacquard harness comber board. The spike or
breast roller S which draws forward the carpet as it is woven, is operated by a worm
and worm wheel from the shaft. D by the inclined shaft S¹ provided with the clutch S*
and the clutch lever S³ for stopping the rotation of the shaft S¹ for letting back the
cloth. The shaft S¹ at its upper end has a worm S* which is in gear with the worm
wheel S attached to the shaft S on which the breast roller S is nounted. To the
shaft. S is attached, by means of a set screw, the roller T having on its periphery
small projecting pegs T¹. To the cross-bar A of the main frame A is attached a
guide plate U and over it and the roller T passes an endless belt V which also passes
under a tension roller W mounted in a bearing secured to the floor. The belt V is
provided with a number of apertures corresponding to the pegs T' on the roller T.
The operation is as follows:-Each revolution of the crank shaft B rotates the
wheel Conce so that the pin C¹ projecting into the top recess E' of the star wheel E
turns the latter in the direction of the arrow a¹ (figure 1) the distance of the division
of the star wheel used, that is an eighth or a twelfth part of the periphery of the
said wheel E. As soon as the pin leaves the recess E¹, the star. wheel remains
stationary until the pin C' comes in contact with the next recess E¹ of said star wheel
and the latter is held in a locked position during the stationary period by the annular
projection C being in close contact with its curved part E. This partial rotation
of wheel E is imparted to the fine chain cams F and F and to the working cams J
and J¹. As the two fine chain cams F and F are placed in opposite positions to each
other, as shewn in figure 7, they operate the healds I and I and as the two working
cams J'and J are also placed in opposite positions to each other, they alternately

page_text: operate the picking shafts O and P. As the main crank shaft B rotates eight or
twelve times before imparting a full revolution to the star wheel and the cams
attached to it, it will be seen that the healds and the picking shafts are operated
correspondingly through the respective levers G G¹ and K K provided with the
friction rollers K and G2 which engage with the respective cam grooves and the
several connections with the healds and the picking shafts above described. The
picking shafts O and P are alternatoly placed in position for picking, by the arm L³
attached to the shaft L' and the arm Ms attached to the sleeve M².
When a star wheel E having twelve divisions or slots E¹ in its rim, as shewn in
figures 1 and 5, is employed then the picking is accomplished by first left, right, left,
then miss or stand for three revolutions of the crank shaft, making six revolutions of
the crank shaft, and then repeat picking right, left, right, and miss or stand again
during three revolutions of the crank shaft, making again six revolutions of the crank
shaft, thus making twelve revolutions of the crank shaft to one revolution of the said
star wheel.
The shuttle ceases to operate whenever the rollers K' of the working canis J J are
on a level as the said rollers K then travel on the depressed circular part of the
groove of the cams J J' and the levers K K¹ operated by the said rollers K' remain
inactive. The levers K K' are again raised and lowered alternately when the said
rollers K² travel over the irregular parts of the groove of the cams JJ. As shewn
in figures 7 and 8, the rollers are one above the other and the shuttle is operating.
At the stopping of the shuttle, the pie wire for the loop is drawn out of the cloth and
placed under the warp raised by the jacquard.
Now, when a star wheel E having ei ht divisions or slots E' in its rim, as shewn in
Figure 3, is employed then the picking is accomplished by first left, right, left, and
miss or stand for one revolution of the crank shaft, making four revolutions of the
crank shaft and one half revolution of the star wheel. Thus the crank shaft
makes eight revolutions to one full revolution of the star wheel having eight
slots E¹.
The revolving of the shaft D imparts a rotary motion to the spike or breast roller S
by means of the shaft S' worm S and worm wheel S attached to shaft S and as the
roller T is attached to the latter, the belt V travels with the same speed as the woven
fabric which passes over the roller S. The object of the belt V is to ensure regular
measurement of each pattern woven and if the latter is, for instance, sixty inches long,
the belt is to be made of the same length. The belt V does not change its relative
length by travelling around the roller T and the roller W, being propelled by the
pegs T engaging with the corresponding apertures in the belt, but the worsted or
woolen printed warp does vary its length as the fabric is woven, and has to be regu-
lated by the dead weight in the tension device usually employed on the warp. The
dead weight on the tension device is increased or diminished according to the variation
in the length of the patterns in the warp as the weaving progresses. If this variation
in the length of the pattern in the warp were not regnlated, then the weft would not
be united with the warp at the proper point and the pattern of the finished carpet
would be distorted. By increasing or diminishing the dead weight on the tension
device while the weaving is progressing, the warp is stretched or relaxed so that the
weft enters at the proper point, thus forming the correct and uniform pattern on the
finished carpet. Now, it is evident, that as the fabric and the belt V travel together,
the variation in the length of the pattern of the fabric can be at once discovered by
referring to a starting mark on the belt, and the weaver can increase or diminish the
dead weight on the tension device so as to correct the difference of travel of the belt
and the fabric.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is;
1. The combination of the crank shaft B, the driving and locking wheel C and the
star wheel E. with the fine chain cams F F¹ the levers G G¹ provided with the

page_text: friction rollers G2, the healds and intermediate devices between the healds and levers,
substantially as shewn and described.
2. The combination of the crank shaft B the driving and locking wheel C and the
star wheel E with the working cams J J, the levers K K provided with the friction
rollers K, the picking shafts OP and intermediate mechanism between the said
shaft and levers, substantially as shown and described.
3. The combination of the star wheel E, the driving and locking wheel C, the
crank shaft B and the working cams J J having cam grooves J³, with the
shafts OP, the levers K K' having the friction rollers K³, the connecting links L
and M, the arms L' and M¹, the shaft L' having the arm I and the sleeve M²
having the arm M³, substantially as herein shewn and described.
4. The combination of the working cams JJ having cam grooves J³, the
levers K and K₁ provided with the friction rollers K, the links L and M and the
arms Land M', with the shaft L provided with the arm L³, the picking shaft O,
the sleeve M³ provided with the arm M³ and the picking shaft P, substantially as
shewn and described.
5. In a loom, the combination of the breast roller S and the shaft S* operated
by suitable connections from the shaft D, with the roller T provided with pegs T¹
and the endless belt V, substantially as shown and described.
6. In a loom, the combination, with the shaft D, the shaft S, the breast roller S
and means for operating the shaft S from the said shaft D, of the roller T provided
with the pegs T¹ and the endless helt V, substantially as shewn and described.
7. In a loom, the star wheel E provided with the recesses E¹, the curved parts E
between the said recesses, the elongated hub E³ and the laterally-projecting bolts E*,
substantially as shewn and described.
Dated this 23rd day of January 1890.
J. JAGGER.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.