Year: 1886

page_text: We LOUIS GEOFROY of 59 Frith Street Sobo, Sculptor, and WILLIAM FREDERICK
BARTON MASSEY-MAINWARING of 30 Grosvenor Place, Gentleman, both in the
County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
The improvements consist in arranging a Binocular Camera in such a manner
as to produce one image on the sensitized plate, instead of two, as heretofore
employed for stereoscopic pictures, and by the simultaneous impression of two
dissimilar pictures in the same place to obtain a more natural and increased relief
in a single picture or view, than in one taken by a single lens.
In carrying the invention into effect the back lenses of stereoscopic cameras are
so formed that their last surfaces are prismatic in such a degree as to converge the
centres of their images to one point on the receiving sensitive surface; or the
same result may be produced by means of separate prisms placed near the back of
the lenses.
According to another arrangement we may employ such portions of a lens of
greater diameter than the width of the eyes, as correspond to the positions of the
lenses in a stereoscopic camera, and thus obtain the desired result by the refraction
of two images to one point on the sensitive surface.
Or we may obtain a similar direction of the rays of light to this end, by the use
of suitably inclined mirrors; or by any other optical arrangement by which the
same result may be obtained.

page_text: We, LOUIS GEOFROY of 59 Frith Street, Soho, Sculptor and WILLIAM FREDERICK
BARTON MASSEY-MAINWARING of 30 Grosvenor Place, Gentleman, both in the
County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of our said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
The improvements consist in arranging a binocular camera in such a manner
as to produce one image on the sensitized plate, instead of two (as heretofore
employed for stereoscopic pictures) and by the simultaneous impression of two
slightly dissimilar pictures in the same place to obtain a more natural and increased
relief in a single picture or view than in one taken by a single lens in the ordinary
manner.
We will describe the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings.
In carrying the invention into effect the back lenses of stereoscopic cameras are
so formed that their last surfaces are prismatic in such a degree as to converge the
centres of their images to one point on the receiving sensitive surface, for this
purpose we make the back surface of each lens of a lenticular prism a, as shown
at diagram Figure 1, such lenticular prisms being formed of sections of a meniscus
lens taken at equal distances from the axis of such lens. We have not shown the
ordinary lenses of a stereoscopic camera placed at the front of or in combination
with such lenticular prisins a as such are well understood.
The rays of light passing through the ordinary lenses in front of the lenticular
prisms a will on reaching the latter be so deflected as to cause the centres of the
images to converge to one point b on the sensitive surface.
The same result may be produced by means of separate lenticular prisms placed
at a short distance away from the backs of the lenses of a stereoscopic camera as
illustrated at diagram Figure 2 which is a sectional plan.
According to another arrangement we may employ such portions of a lens of
greater diameter than the width between the axes of the eyes of a human being
as correspond to the positions of the lenses in a stereoscopic camera and thus obtain
the desired result by the refraction of two images to one point on the sensitive
surface. This arrangement is illustrated at diagram Figure 3 in which c represents
a meniscus lens whose centre or axis is coincident with the centre between the lenses
of a stereoscopic camera and whose diameter is greater than the extreme width
between the eyes. A stop d formed with two apertures d' is employed to cover the
lenses, such apertures d¹ corresponding with the positions of the lenses ordinarily
used in a stereoscopic camera the acting portions of such lens being used in lieu
thereof. The rays passing through those portions of the lens c which are left
exposed by the apertures d¹ in the diaphragm d, will converge to the centre of the
sensitive surface as indicated by the dotted lines.
Or we may obtain a similar direction of the rays of light to this end by the use,
as illustrated at diagrams-Figures 4 and 5 which are respectively a sectional plan
and side view of suitably inclined mirrors f, f which receive the rays of light passing
through the lenses e e of a stereoscopic camera and reflect their combined images to
a central point on the sensitive surface which in such arrangement will be placed
at the upper part of the camera.

page_text: Or instead of employing a single meniscus lens c in the manner illustrated at
Figure 3 we may obtain the desired result by the aid of an ordinary portrait lens e
as shown at diagram Figure 6. In this case a diaphragm d provided with two
apertures is interposed between the front and back "combinations" of the lens
the rays of light passing through the sides of the back "combination" whence they
converge to the centre of the sensitive surface as indicated by the dotted lines.
Although I have shown several modes in which my invention may be carried
into effect I would have it understood that I do not confine myself thereto as other
optical arrangements may be devised by which the same result may be obtained
for example flat prisms may be employed in lieu of lenticular prisms but in practice
I have not found the former to give such satisfactory results as the latter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The employment in connection with photographic lenses of an arrangement of
lenses, prisms, diaphragms, mirrors or other optical devices in manner substantially
as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
1886.
LOUIS GEOFROY.
W. F. B. MASSEY-MAIN WARING,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, Agents.
Dated this 12th day of November 1886.
LOUIS GEOFROY.
W. F. B. MASSEY-MAINWARING.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, Agents.