Improvements in Apparatus for Marking or Registering the Scores Made in Playing the Game of Billiards and other like or Equivalent Games.
Year: 1888

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Marking or Registering the
Scores Made in Playing the Game of Billiards and other
like or Equivalent Games.
I, JOHN HOPE of 14 Water Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
:-
This invention relates to that type of marking or registering apparatus in which
the marking is effected through mechanical devices and the number of games played
is registered; and in which two sets or marking devices are employed the scores of
one player or set of players being registered by one of the marking devices and the
score of another player or set of players being registered by the other marking
device.
The chief objects of my invention are to make markers of the kind just specified
more durable, simpler, more effective for the purposes for which they are intended
and to render it possible at the same time to construct the improved apparatus at a
lower cost than heretofore.
In apparatus involving my invention there are employed a case or frame, circular
dials, pointers working about the axes of the dials, a locking device, a counter for
registering the number of games played, and a sounding device for denoting the
termination or commencement of every fresh game.
In the following description I give an example of apparatus embodying all the
above named features and parts the apparatus being a billiard marker and of a type
especially applicable for use in public billiard rooms, or places where they would be
used under similar conditions.
In this example in each marking device I use duplex dials one behind the other,
the front one being provided with apertures and the under one being provided with
two sets of numerals with the ordinary figures arranged thus: 5, 55; 10. 60, 15,
and so on up to 50 and 100 respectively. I so arrange this dial that either one or
65

page_text: other set of the figures are displayed through the windows, the setting of the dial to
either of them being effected by a suitable handle or lever. The pointer is fixed upon
a concentrically arranged spindle which passes through the case of the apparatus and
operates the locking and recording gear hereafter described.
"
In some cases I employ in lieu of a single pointer, two pointers one of which is
used to mark each "break or score and this I call the break marker-whilst the
other is moved by the break marker in such a manner that it—the main pointer-
will be moved forward the exact number of points traversed by the break pointer.
In this case the outer dial is provided with figures say from 1 to 50 or 100 in
numerical order from right to left, that is in the opposite direction to the main dial
figures. When registering a score the break pointer, whose normal position is zero,
is moved back to the number of its dial representing the score made by a player, and
is then moved back to zero, in which movement the main pointer is moved forward
to the correct number. By this means each increment of score is added to the total
without the necessity of the mental operation of arithmetical addition. The dials
I make of ornamental or " decorated" sheet iron instead of paper as formerly. I turn
the edge of the front dial upward like a dish to give it strength and to support the
glass and thus save the inside bazel as formerly used. I also turn up the edge of
the back dial to prevent the figures being scratched or defaced by close contact with
the back of the front dia!.
The spindle on which the large pointer is fixed is hollow or tubular. On the end
within the machine is fixed a toothed wheel having 50 or 100 teeth as may be
required. A solid spindle passes through the tubular spindle carrying on its outer
end the break-pointer and the knob for actuating it. On the end within the machine
is fixed an arm at right angles which carries a pawl which works the wheel fixed on
the tubular spindle.
The mechanism consists of,-besides the wheels and spindles mentioned above-
an iron base plate, carrying a sliding locking plate, which carries two pawls or levers,
one to lock the pointer, the other is for locking the plate itself. The pawl or catch
which locks the pointer, that is, prevents the pointer from passing the top vortical
point. on the dial, I form with two projections or double point which is engaged with
by a stud or projection formed on the toothed wheel in such a manner that the locking
and unlocking at the right point is assured, and so prevents the board being tampered
with. It also carries an arm at the end of which is a pawl for working the unit wheel
of the register for recording the number of games. The base plate carries a bell
hammer for ringing a bell at the completion of each rotation of the large pointer.
The bell hammer is actuated by a spiral cam fixed to the wheel on the tubular spindle.
A spiral spring about four inches long attached one end to the sliding plate the other
to the bell hammer serves to control the return movement of either, by which
contrivance one spring serves to operate the locking plate and the bell. I prefer to
put the locking and bell ringing mechanism to one of the dials only, which arrange-
ment is more favourable to playing large games, namely, from 200 scores and upward
and diminishes its cost of production.
the
I construct the case of the apparatus in such a manner that it cannot be entered
clandestinely. The wooden back is arranged to slide in grooves and a block is then
fixed so that the back cannot be withdrawn, the block being fixed by a screw,
head of which is in front of the machine. The screw head is countersunk, made level
and covered by a seal by gumming or applying a special label over it. It will thus
be seen that the back of the machine cannot be removed without withdrawing the
screw, and in doing this the label or seal will be destroyed and the attempt
discovered.
I prefer to use that kind of game register in which the numbers are placed on flat
discs and in order that it cannot be tampered with from the outside. I place it in the
glass which covers it wholly within the apparatus. On the outside I fix a metal bazel
frame having projections on the back equal in length to the thickness of the front of
the machine and in each of these I make a cone shaped hole of the smallest possible
size through which the indications of the register can be observed.

page_text: In the foregoing specification of the example of apparatus according to my inven-
tion, I have described. special parts and special arrangements of such parts and their
various functions. I wish it to be understood however that I do not confine this
invention to the particular forms, arrangements or combinations of the said parts, as
they may be varied to suit various requirements, or special cases, so long as all or
any of the features and functions in substance herein described are embodied in
such cases.

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Marking or Registering the
Scores Made in Playing the Game of Billiards and other
like or Equivalent Games.
I, JOHN HOPE, of 14, Water Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to that type of marking or registering apparatus in which the
marking is effected through mechanical devices and the number of games played is
registered, and in which two sets of marking devices are employed, the score of one
player or set of players being registered by one of the marking devices, and the score
of another player or set of players being registered by the other marking device.
The chief objects of my invention are to make markers of the kind just specified
more durable, simpler, and more effective for the purposes for which they are intended
and to render it possible at the same time to construct the improved apparatus at a
lower cost than heretofore.
In apparatus involving my invention there are employed a case or frame, circular
dials, pointers working about the axis of the dials, a locking device, a counter for
registering the number of games played, and a sounding device for denoting the
termination or commencement of every fresh game.
In the following description I give an example of apparatus embodying all the
above named features and parts, the apparatus being a billiard marker and of a type
especially applicable for use in public billard rooms, or places where they would be
used under similar conditions.
In this example in each marking device I use duplex dials one behind the other,
the front one being provided with apertures, and the under one being provided
with two sets of numerals with the ordinary figures arranged thus:-5, 55, 10, 60,
15, 65 and so on up to 50 and 100 respectively. I so arrange this dial that either
one or other set of the figures are displayed through the windows, the setting of
the dial to either of them being effected by a suitable handle or lever. The pointer
is fixed upon a concentrically arranged spindle which passes through the case of
the apparatus and operates the locking and recording gear hereafter described.
In some cases I employ in lieu of a single pointer two pointers one of which is
used to mark each "break" or score, and this I call the "break" pointer; whilst
the other is moved by the "break" pointer in such a manner that it-the main
pointer will be moved forward the exact number of points traversed by the break
pointer. In this case the outer dial is provided with figures, say from 1 to 50
or 100, in numerical order from right to left, that is, in the opposite direction to

page_text: the main dial figures. When registering a score the break pointer, whose normal
position is zero, is moved back to the number of its dial representing the score
made by a player, and is then moved back to zero, in which movement the main
pointer is moved forward to the correct number. By this means each increment
of score is added to the total without the necessity of the mental operation of
arithmetical addition. The dials I make of ornamental or "decorated" sheet metal
instead of paper as formerly. I turn the edge of the front dial upward like a dish
to give it strength and to support the glass, and thus save the inside bezel as
formerly used. I also turn up the edge of the back dial to prevent the figures
being scratched or defaced by close contact with the back of the front dial.
The spindle on which the large pointer is fixed is hollow or tubular. On:
the end within the machine is fixed a toothed wheel having 50 or 100 teeth
as may be required. A solid spindle passes through the tubular spindle:
carrying on its outer end the break pointer and the knob for actuating it. . On the
end within the machine is fixed an arm at right angles, which carries a pawl which
works the wheel fixed on the tubular spindle.
The mechanism consists of-besides the wheels and spindles mentioned above-an
iron base plate, carrying a sliding locking plate, which carries two pawls or levers,
one to lock the pointer, the other is for locking the plate itself. The pawl or catch
which locks the pointer, that is, prevents the pointer from passing the top vertical.
point on the dial, I form with projections or a double point which engage with a stud
or projection formed on the toothed wheel in such a manner that the locking and
unlocking at the right point is assured, and so prevents the board being tampered:
with. The locking plate also carries an arm at the end of which is a pawl for:
working the unit wheel of the register for recording the number of games. The base:
plate carries a bell hammer for ringing a bell at the completion of each rotation of
the large pointer. The bell hammer is actuated by a spiral cam fixed to the wheel on:
the tubular spindle. A spiral spring about four inches long attached,-
to the sliding plate, the other to the bell hammer, serves to control the return:
movement of either, by which contrivance one spring serves to operate the locking.
plate and the bell. I prefer to put the locking and bell ringing mechanism to one of
the dials only, which arrangement is more favourable to playing large games, namely,
front 200 scores and upward and diminishes its cost of production.
-one end
>
I construct the case of the apparatus in such a manner that it cannot be entered:
clandestinely. The wooden back is arranged to slide in grooves and a block is then
fixed so that the back cannot be withdrawn, the block being fixed by a screw, the
head of which is in front of the machine. The screw head is counter-sunk, made
level and covered by a seal by gumming or applying a special label over it. It will
thus be seen that the back of the machine cannot be removed without withdrawing
the screw, and in doing this the label or seal will be destroyed and the attempt
discovered.
I prefer to use that kind of game register in which the numbers are placed on flat
discs, and in order that it cannot be tampered with from the outside, I place it and
the glass which covers it wholly within the apparatus.
On the outside I fix a
metal bezel frame having projections on the back equal in length to the thickness
of the front of the machine, and in each of these I make a cone shaped hole of
the smallest possible size, through which the indication of the register can be
observed.
The following is a description of apparatus according to my invention for marking
the scores made in playing the game of billiards and pyramid, reference being had.
to the annexed sheets of drawings, which make a part of this Specification, and to
the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, like letters and figures being
used to denote like parts throughout the drawings.
The drawings together with the description hereinafter given will be sufficient to
enable others skilled in the art to which iny Invention belongs to make and use the
same.
f.

page_text: Figure 1 is a front elevation of an apparatus according to my Invention.
Figure 2 is a back elevation showing the internal arrangement of the mechanism of
the apparatus.
Figure 3 is a plan of the mechanism shown at Figure 2.
Figure 4 is an elevation of the mechanism looking from the front.
Figure 5 is a detail of the pointer spindle arm arranged for the game of Pyramid.
Figure 6 is a front view showing the marking of the back dial, marked for the game
of billiards.
Figure 7 is a front viow showing the combined arrangement of back dials for.
marking the game of billiards or pyramid.
Figure 8 is a sectional end elevation of the dials shown at Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a hack elevation of an alternative internal arragement of the mechanism.
the back of the apparatus being removed..
Figure 10 is a sectional end elevation of the apparatus taken through x, x Figure 9.
In apparatus involving my Invention there are employed a case or frame, circular.
dials, pointers working about the axis of the dials, a locking device, a counter for
registering the number of games played, and a sounding device for denoting the
termination or commencement of every fresh game.
The apparatus shown in Figures. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9 and 10 are examples of a billiard
marker embodying all the above named features and parts, and of a type especially
applicable for use in public billiard rooms, or places where they would be used under
similar conditions.
The apparatus comprises an external arrangement of dials, pointers, and a counter
or register for scoring the games of billiards and pyramid and an internal arrange-
ment of mechanism for operating the parts. a is the case or frame of the apparatus
in which are mounted two circular marking dials one for each player or set of
players. Each of these dials are in duplex and of the same construction, it will
therefore be sufficient to describe one. It consists of a front dial band a back
dial c, the front dial being provided with apertures or windows d, and the edge b
of the dial divided into 50 divisions, which are partly provided with figures say
from 1 to 30 in numerical order, from right to left, for marking the game of
billiards. The centre of the dial is provided with 16 divisions numbered 0, 1, to 15,
for marking the game of pyramid.
"
The under or back dial e is provided with two sets of numerals divided into
20 divisions and arranged thus-5, 60, 10, 65, 15, 70, 20 75, 25, 80, 30, 85, 35, 90,
40, 95, 45, 100, 50, 55. This dial is arranged on its axis so that it can be set by the
shunt piece e to exhibit either one or the other set of the above figures, through the
windows d. In the drawings (Figure 1,) the dials are shown exhibiting like sets of
Figures. I employ two pointers h, i, the pointer i being used to mark each
"break
or score, and which I call the "break" pointer: whilst the other pointer is moved
by the "break"
pointer i in such a manner that it-the game pointer-will be moved
forward the exact number of points traversed by the "break pointer. Thus when
registering a score, the break" pointer i, whose normal position is zero, is moved to
the left to the number on the dial edge b' representing the score or " break made by
a player, and is then returned to zero, in which latter movement the game pointer A
is moved forward to the correct number. By this means each increment of score is
added to the total without the necessity of the mental operation of arithmetical
addition. 1 make the game pointer larger and heavier than the "break" pointer i,
so as to clearly indicate the progress of the game, I also fine the game pointer down
in line with and to serve to point to the "pyramid figures" in the centre to be
used when playing the game of pyramid. The "break" pointer i is made lighter
and less discernible as its purpose is simply to feed the pointer h.
"
The dials b and c are surrounded by a bezel j helding a glass cover perforated in

page_text: the centre to permit of the projection of a spindle and milled head, from the mechanism
hereafter described. I prefer to make the dial b of decorated tinned sheetmetal plates
I turn up the edge of the front dial 6 to form a rim to give it strength and to support
the glass cover; I also turn up the edge of the back dial c about 16 of an inch, to
prevent undue attrition between the two dials, whereby the numerals on the dial c would
be defaced.
21
C
The spindle on which the game pointer his carried is hollow, and on its inner
end there is provided a toothed wheel provided with 50 teeth corresponding with the
divisions at on the edge of the dial b. The "break" pointer i is carried by a solid
spindle which passes through the hollow spindle h¹ of the game pointer h, and this
spindle passes through the glass cover and is provided with a milled head k whereby
it the break pointer is moved. On the inner end of the spindle is fixed an arm m
which is provided with a pawl n, by which the toothed wheel is worked, and thereby,
through the bollow spindle h¹ the game pointer is moved. p is a foundation plate
fixed to the frame a and which carries the principal parts of the mechanism, this
plate p is provided with bosses to support the hollow spindles h', and thereby the solid
spindles of the "break" pointers i, i of the two dials b, o. q is a sliding locking
plate, it is actuated by a key o which is inserted in the front of the apparatus. In the
mechanism shown at Figures 2, 3 and 4 this sliding locking plate q carries two pawls
or levers, namely, one lever, 91, which locks the pointer h, and the other lever, q, for
locking the plate q itself. The pawl, q', which locks the pointer h, that is, it prevents
the pointer from passing the top point on the dial, I form with a double point q³.
The point q3 forms a stop to a stud q* formed on the toothed wheel 1, in such a manner
that the locking and unlocking of the pointer at the right point is assured and only
one unit of the register can be advanced by the unlocking of the plate and this
prevents the board from being tampered with. The pawl also has a projection q*
which engages with the lever 92, which locks the plato q, and lifts the lever g2 so as to
release the plate q and so enable it to be moved by the key o, into such a position that
the point 93 is clear of the stud q' and falls, (the respective positions of the pawl q₁ are
shown in Figure 4) and the pointer is again free to be moved. On releasing the
key o, the plate 9 is brought back to its normal position by the spring 13. At the
commencement of each game the moving of the sliding locking plate q communicates
motion to the counter device w by means of the pawl v. The counter w is of any
known kind.
In the alternative arrangement of internal mechanism shown at Figures 9 and 10
the plate is pivoted on the plate p in its centre, above the key o, and works in
guides, and is held in its normal position (that is-locking the arms m) by a spring s
so that the arms m and the spindles and "break" pointers i cannot be moved until
the apparatus is unlocked by the key o lifting and retaining the plate y out of gear
with the arms m. t is a bell-crank lever, the short arm t' of which is actuated by a
cam u on one of the wheels as shown in the drawing. The long arm t2 of the lever t
This
carries a pawl and this pawl o communicates motion to the counter device w.
counter device w is of any well known kind and does not need a detailed description.
The back action of the lever t is provided by the spring t³. Attached to the lever tis
a hammer which when a gauie is completed and the counter w moved, strikes a
gong y and gives notice that the game is ended.
I construct the frame a in such a manner that it cannot be entered clandestinely.
The back or cover a¹ is arranged to slide in grooves 1, and a block 2 is then fixed so
that it cannot be withdrawn, the block 2 being fixed by a screw 4, the head of which
is in front of the frame a. The screw head is countersunk, made level and then
covered by a seal 3 or by gumming a special label over it. It will thus be seen that
the back of the machine cannot be removed without withdrawing the screw and in
doing this the seal or label will be destroyed and the attempt to enter the machine
discovered. I prefer to use that kind of game counter or register w in which the
5 numbers are impressed on flat discs, and in order that it cannot be tampered with
On
from the outside I place it and the glass that covers it wholly within the frame a.
the outside of the frame a 1 fix a metal plate z having three projections on the back

page_text: •
.
equal in length to the thickness of the front of the frame a, and through each of these
projections I make a conical hole of the smallest possible size through which the
indications of the register can be observed..
The operation of marking the game of billiards by an apparatus according to my
Invention is as follows:
The dials c are set by the shunt pieces e to exhibit 5, 10, 15 and so on to 50. When
a "break" is made the pointer is moved to the left by the milled head k to the
number representing the "break" on the divisions on the edge of the dial b. In
this act of moving the "break" pointer i its spindle moves the arin m, so that the
pawl n engages with a tooth of the wheel corresponding to the number on the
edge of the dial b to which the pointer i has been moved.
The pointer is now returned to its zero position and in the act of returning,
the wheel is moved and thereby, through the hollow spindle ¹, the game pointer
is moved and indicates on the dial the same amount as was indicated by the break
pointer i. This action is repeated for each "break" and the successive "breaks" are
thus mechanically added to the score indicated by the game pointer without the
necessity of mental addition. At the end of each game of 50, or when the pointer h
reaches 50, the counter w is advanced a unit, and the gong y is sounded. When the
game is a 100 up, after the score of 50 has been reached, the dials c are moved by the
shunt pieces e to exhibit the higher order of numbers, namely 55, 60, 65, and so on
to 100, and the marking continued as before.
With reference to the alternative arrangement of dials illustrated at Figures 7 and 8,
in this case two back or moving dials are used, namely, a dial c, similar to the dial
shown at Figure 6, for marking the game of billiards, and a dial c¹ for marking the
game of Pyramid, the front dial 6 being provided with windows for exhibiting the
numbers of the games of billiards or pyramid as required, also the name of the game.
Each dial is provided with a shunt piece e and e¹ and is formed so that when exhibiting
its numbers, the numbers on the other dial are shielded or screened. The Pyramid
dial c' is provided with windows corresponding with the billiard marking windows in
the dial so that when in use the billiard marking dial can exhibit its numbers.
In some cases the "break" pointer i may be dispensed with as an increment device
in the game of billiards, and used simply as a Pyramid marker. In this case the
arm m is formed, as shown in Figure 5, to move back between two stops on the
wheel, this back movement affording a means of marking the balls "owing," in
the game of Pyramid.
Flaving now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In an apparatus for marking the scores made in playing the game of hilliards
and other analagous games, a mechanism operating substantially as described, by
which the increments of score may be added to the total without the necessity of the
mental operation of arithmetical addition.
2. In an apparatus for marking the scores made in playing the game of billiards and
other analagous games, the combination of a "Break" pointer or device and a
"Game" pointer or device, operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. In apparatus for marking the scores made in playing the game of billiards and
other like games, the combination of a dial provided with numerals, a main marking
pointer by which the state of the game is recorded, a ratchet wheel connected with
said pointer, a device by which said wheel is actuated, and a pointer adapted to be
operated by hand and connected with said ratchet wheel actuating device, by which
pointer and actuating device the increments of score made by the player are added
and the said main marking pointer operated.
4. An apparatus for marking the scores made in playing the game of billiards and
other analagous games, comprising a dial provided with numerals, a main marking
pointer, a ratchet wheel connected with the said pointer, a device by which said wheel
is actuated, and a pointer actuated by hand and connected with said actuating device,

page_text: a sliding locking plate Q and a lever t, said sliding plate being operated by a key o
and provided with pawls q' and 22 adapted to lock the pointer h and the plate q
respectively, and said lover t being adapted to operate an integrating counter,
substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 1. 2. 3 and 4 of the Drawings.
5. An apparatus for marking the scores made in playing the game of billiards and
other like games, comprising a dial provided with numerals, a main working pointer,
a ratchet wheel connected with the said pointer, a device by which said wheel is
actuated, and a pointer actuated by hand and connected with said actuating device,
a cam (u) and lever (t), said lever being operated by the cam and adapted to operate
an integrating counter; substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 1.9 and 10
of the drawings.
6. The combination with the pointer spindle (¹) of an apparatus for marking the
scores made in playing the game of billiards and other like games, of a cam u, lever t,
integrating counter w, gong y, and gong striker ; said lever being adapted to be
operated by the said cam and to actuate the said counter and gong as set forth with
reference to Figures 9 and 10 of the drawings.
7. In a billiard or other game marker, the combination of the spindle , the
actuating head k, pointer i, pawl lever m, pawl n, ratchet wheel 1, hollow shaft h¹,
pointer and a numeral dial c, operating substantially as set forth.
8. In a billiard or other game marker, the combination of the spindle ¹, the
actuating head k, pointer i, pawl lever m, pawl n, ratchet wheel 1, hollow shaft /',
pointer h, a numeral dial c, and the cam u, lever t, gong y, striker x, pawl v and
counter to; as set forth with reference to Figures 123 and 4, or 19 and 10, of the
drawings.
9. The combination with the actuating pawl levers m, of a lever q and key o; said
lever being adapted to engage and interlock with said pawl levers m, and operated by
the key o, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
10. In an apparatus for working the scores made in playing the game of billiards
and other like games, the combination of a circular dial c, provided with numerals as
described, and a dial & operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth and as
shown in reference to Figures 1 and 6 of the drawings.
11. In an apparatus for marking the scores made in playing the game of billiards
and other analogous games, the combination of a circular dial c provided with numerals
as described, a circular dial c¹ provided with numerals as described and a dial b,
operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth and as shown in reference to
Figures 7 and 8 of the drawings.
12. A locking device for an apparatus of the kind described, operating in com-
bination with a key, substantially as set forth, and also the construction and arrange-
ment of the locking device set forth with reference to Figures 23 and 4, or 9 and 10,
of the drawings.
13. The combination and arrangement of cam u, lever t, counter w, striker x and
gong y; substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 9 and 10. of the drawings.
14. In an apparatus of the type described the arrangement of dials substantially as
set forth with reference to Figures 1 and 10.
15. In apparatus of the type herein described the combination and arrangement of
dials substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 7 and 8.
16. The arrangement substantially as described by which in apparatus for marking
the game of billiards and analagous games, the pointers or indicating devices are
prevented from being moved at the end of a game until the game played is registered
on a counter and the apparatus is unlocked, and the counter is prevented from being
moved after the game has commenced.
17. A device arranged and operating as described by which the pointer is locked at
the end of a game as set forth with reference to Figures 23 and 4 of the drawings.
18. The combination with the frame a of a back a', adapted to slide in or on the
frame a, a block 2 and a screw 4, said block being fixed and held by the screw 4 above
the back a', whereby said back is locked in position; substantially as and for the
purposes described.

page_text: 19. In a billiard or other game marker the combination of the spindles 1, 2,
actuating heads k, k, pointers i, i, pawl levers m, m, pawls n n, ratchet wheels 1, 1,
hollow shafts, h¹, pointers h, h, cain u, lover t, gong y, striker x, pawl v, connter w
and a locking plate or lever 9 and key o; substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
JOHN HOPE.
By Cheesbrough & Royston,
15, Water Street, Liverpool,
Patent Agents.