Improvements in Kilns for Bricks, Lime, and the like.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 17th Dec., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Kilns for Bricks, Lime, and the like.
We, WILLIAM OAKES, Builder and JAMES OAKES, Engineer both of Anchor
Street, Hunslet, Leeds do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in continuous firing kilns for various
purposes, and has for its object to provide a kiln with flues and dampers so
arranged that the consumption of fuel is reduced to a minimum, while the heat
is more evenly distributed than in the ordinary kilns.
A common arrangement of flues for kilns of the description hereinafter referred
to, is to have them surrounding the central partition leading to a chimney at
the centre or the ends of the kiln, a smoke chamber being formed at the centre.
The heat is in these cases very unequally distributed, one part of the kiln being
heated to a much higher temperature than another.
According to my invention the flue is arranged round the sides of the kiln,
just inside and below the outer wall, the partition in the centre commonly used
as a flue being simply a solid wall. A number of passages with dampers are
employed around the sides at suitable distances apart, leading into the flue, the
smoke and hot air thus passing all round the kiln to a chimney at one side.
This arrangement causes the heat to be more uniformly diffused and consequently
less escapes into the flues, the smoke chamber being rendered unnecessary. To
feed the fuel in, a number of apertures provided with a plug to close them are
formed in the roof, through which the fuel can be dropped when required. A
special brick may be employed for each aperture, which is built into the roof,
having the hole formed in it.
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, reference is had to
the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is a sectional plan, Fig. 2 a longitudinal and Fig. 3 a cross section taken
on the lines x, x and y, y of Fig. 1 respectively, of a kiln constructed according to
my invention.
A is the wall of the kiln, constructed in any well known manner with dividing
wall A at the centre. A number of wickets or openings a are employed to supply
the brick or other material to be burnt at the commencement of the operation,
being closed during the firing. The flue B extends as shown around the whole of
the wall A at the inside, the inner edge of the wall resting on it, having the
chimney b at one side.
The flue is shown close against the outer wall but it may of course be placed a
short distance inside.
The smaller flues or passages C leading from the chamber to the main flue, are
provided at the required intervals close to the openings a, and are provided with
the dampers c to regulate the draft. The dampers are adjusted by hand in the
usual manner.
The holes D in the roof are furnished for the purpose of feeding
the fuel and are arranged in rows of five for each division, being plugged when not
in use.
The special bricks d in which these openings are formed are shown in
Fig. 2 for those apertures placed at the sides and ends, but is of course equally
applicable to the other openings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
-
(1) In a kiln of the kind described, a flue B extending around the outer wall

page_text: within and below it, having a number of inlets C with dampers c in the outer wall,
substantially as described and shown.
(2) A continuous firing kiln constructed, arranged and operating, substantially
as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 14th day of November 1892.
GEO.H. RAYNER,
37, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.