IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF PREVENTING LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND CARRIAGES IN PROAL MOTION ON RAILWAYS LEAVING OR RUNNING OFF THE RAILS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Beattie, of Lawn Place, South Lambeth,
in the County of Surrey, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MEANS OF PREVENTING LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND CARRIAGES IN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Beattie at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th April 1859.
I, JOSEPH BEATTIE, of Lawn Place, South Lambeth, in the County of
Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF PREVENTING LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND CARRIAGES IN
MOTION ON RAILWAYS LEAVING OR RUNNING OFF THE RAILS," to be as follows:-
Locomotive engines and carriages in motion on railways are frequently
caused to run off or leave the line of rails from two causes, videlicet, from the
jerking or other irregular action of the wheels of such engines or carriages
occurring after the breaking of the axle of one or more of such wheels, and also
from the jerking or other irregular action of such wheels during or soon after
the descent of an incline on the railway. My Invention therefore is to
prevent such results, and I accomplish the same by having a suitably formed
Price 8d1

page_text: ring of metal cast on or affixed in one or more pieces to the inside of the
boss of each wheel, with a lip or turned-down edge, and I have on the axle
of each wheel a ring of metal with a lip or turned-up edge, so placed or
affixed that such lip or turned-up edge will come between the turned-down
edge and the boss of the wheels, so that if the axle broak between such
turned-up edge and the boss, the lips or edges will preserve it in a hori-
zontal position, or nearly so, and preserve the engine or carriages on the
line of rail, and for the same object I have in some cases an additional or
check rail parallel with the ordinary rails at convenient positions on inclines
or curves and other suitable parts of the line of rails, and I fix such check
rail in a channel or groove in the chairs of the railway, or in a suitably
formed chair for the purpose, or by other suitable means, and I bolt or
otherwise firmly secure such check rail to the ordinary chair, rail, or sleeper,
or as may be found most convenient.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Beattie in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th October 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
BEATTIE, of Lawn Place, South Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Engi-
neer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Joseph Beattie, Her special licence that I, the said
Joseph Beattie, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Joseph Beattie, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully night make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF PREVENTING LOCOMOTIVE
ENGINES AND CARRIAGES IN MOTION ON RAILWAYS LEAVING OR RUNNING OFF THE
RAILS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Beattie,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-

page_text: tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said Joseph Beattie, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement and by reference to the Sheet of Drawings and the figures
and letters marked thereon; the same letters refer to the same parts in each
Figure.
Locomotive engines and carriages in motion on railways are frequently
caused to run off or leave the line of rails from two causes, videlicet, from the
jerking or other irregular action of the wheels of such engines or carriages
occurring after the breaking of the axle of one or more of such wheels, and
also from the jerking or other irregular action of such wheels during or soon
after the descent of an incline on the railway. My Invention, therefore, is to
prevent such results, and I accomplish the same by having a suitably formed
ing of metal cast on or affixed in one or more pieces to the inside of the
boss of each wheel, with a lip or turned-down edge, and I have on the axle
of each wheel a ring of metal with a lip or turned-up edge, so placed or
affixed that such turned-up lip or edge will come between the turned-down
edge and the boss of the wheel, so that if the axle break between such turned-
up edge and the boss, the lips or edges will preserve it in a horizontal position,
or nearly so, and preserve the engine or carriages on the line of rail, and for
the same object I have in some cases an additional or check rail parallel
with the ordinary rails at convenient positions on inclines or curves, and
other suitable parts of the line of rails, and I fix such check rail in a
channel or groove in the chairs of the railway, or' in a suitably formed chair
for the purpose, or by other suitable means, and I bolt or otherwise firmly
secure such check rail to the ordinary chair, rail, or sleeper, or as may be
found most convenient.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a transverse section of a railway carriage, shewing the
wheels and axle, rail, and chair, and the safety or guide rail B, B, attached to
the chair and working rails C, C; one wheel is shewn partly in section, in
which the boss or have of the wheel has a projecting ring formed on it,
extending over the axle and there is a lip formed inside of it, which suits a
corresponding lip formed on the bearing which is inserted into the axle box
O, O. There is an india-ruber spring placed between the axle box and the
raming of the carriage, which is intended to be brought into action in the

page_text: event of the ordinary bearing springs of the carriage breaking, or if the out-
side journal of the axle break off, then the position of the carriage will be
preserved, or nearly so,by the weight being borne on the inside bearing of the
axle, and if the axle break within the boss or nave of the wheel, the axle is
retained and kept in its horizontal position, and the wheel is securedbythelip
on the bearing of the inside axle box dropping down within the lip formed on
the inside of the projecting ring on the nave of the wheel.
There is an
enlarged view, Fig. 1a, of the projection formed on the nave of the wheel N
and the bearing M in the inside axle box O, O. The carriage wheels in
Fig. are shewn standing on the ordinary double headed rails C, C, which
are placed in a large cast-iron chair formed of two pieces A, A, and bolted
together, holding the rail firmly in its place. The inside halves of the chairs
are formed to receive the guide rails B, B, to which they are secured by bolts
or rivets, and the top of the guide rails B, B, is much higher than the working
permanent rail C, C, so that the wheels of a carriage or engine would have to
mount or jump much higher than the depth of the flange of the wheels before
they could get clear away or leave the line. Fig. 2 is a side view of the
chairs A, A, the permanent rail C, C, and the guide rails B, B, and the flange
of the wheel. The guide rail will not only prevent the wheels of the engine
or carriages jumping over and clearing the rail, but will keep such wheels
in a vertical position on the rails, or nearly so, in the event of their axles
breaking. Fig. 2 is a section of Fig. 2, shewing a wooden seat E placed
between the bolts, which hold the chair together, and which will prevent
the seat from moving or working out of its position.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section of a railway wagon, the wheels standing on
rails and chairs, and guide rails, as before described; part of one wheel is
shewn in section together with the inside projection n, n, formed on the
inside of the nave of the wheel; in this instance, the inside bearing and axly
box is dispensed with, and the space between the axle and the projection
on the wheel is filled up by having old tarred or other rope wound round it,
and well caulked; and it is retained in its position by having a lead ring cast
around it, and the internal rib on the inside of the projection n,, will keep
all secure; and in the event of the axle breaking within or near to the boss,
the wheel will be held and kept to the axle, and prevent the latter from
falling to the ground; the projections ", n, formed on wheels may be made of
any required length, and any other suitable material may be used instead of
rope. Fig. 3 is a section of the nave or bess of wheel and axle, shewing how
a projecting ring n³, n¹, of metal may be affixed, and bolted to the inside
of the ordinary wheels, filled with rope or other suitable material, by which

page_text: the axle will be kept from falling to the ground, and the wheel and axle held
together as before described, Fig. 3; 6 is the elevation of the boss of a wheel,
in which the projecting ring is composed of two pieces, which are bolted
together and secured to the nave of the wheel by bolts or rivets, and the space
between the ring and the axle can be filled up as before described.
Fig. 4 is a section of the nave of a wheel and axle, shewing the projection
to the inside of the wheels, differing from Fig. 1 and 1", where the axle box
0, 0, fits all round the projection, and working inside of it. It will be seen
that I have a projection on the outside of the boss of the wheel formed in
a similar manner, and the axle box working around it, so that dust and
sand is kept out from the brass bearing; and in the event of the outside
journal breaking off, the axle box would be supported on it, and the carriage
kept from falling.
Fig. 5 is a section of an iron chair, to which the guide rail B is attached;
in this case a bolt passing through the key and rail, and a suitably formed
iron clip p, keeps all firmly together; this chair has rims round the bolt
holes, which enter into the sleeper, and screwed bolts pass through sleeper
and chair; the chair is held firmly on the sleeper by having the nut well
screwed down; Fig. 5ª is a plan of Fig. 5.
Fig. 6 is a section of a chair having the guide-rail attached to it; the chair,
it will be seen is compound, and bolted together, as before described, to the
sleeper. Fig. 6, is a plan of Fig. 6, shewing the sleeper and chair, and
iron guide rail, and how it is attached to the rail between the sleepers.
Fig. 7 is a section of the common chair, shewing how the guide rail can
be affixed to it; and Fig. 7a is a plan shewing a chair and sleeper, and the
ends of the working rails, with a common fish on one side, and another fish
formed to the inside, to which is affixed the guide rail.
Fig. 8 is a section of a chair in two pieces; the inside portion is formed
for attaching the guide rail B; it will be seen the rail is also formed in
two pieces, to make a good junction.
Having described the nature of my said Invention, and in what mannerthe
same is or may be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not claim
as my Invention the use of guide or check rails generally, as some have been
previously used, but found objectionable; but that what I claim as my
Invention is,
Firstly, the particular guide rails as herein-before described.
And, secondly,projecting rings formed on or attached to the nave of engine
or carriage wheels,having internal lips to correspond with external lips, formed
on or attached to the bearing er axle box, and the modifications thereof as

page_text: amm as my invention any
parts above
mentioned.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Beattie, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
JOSEPH BEATTIE. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
above-named Joseph Beattie, in the
presence of
H. WICKENS, Solicitor,
4, Tokenhouse Yard, Bank, London.