CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE METHOD OP VENTILATING HATS OR OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Husband, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Hat Manufacturer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE METHOD OP VENTILATING HATS OR OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE
HEAD."
Sealed the 7th July 1854, and dated the 9th January 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Husband at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
January 1854.
I, RICHARD HUSBAND, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Hat
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF VENTILATING HATS OR OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE
HEAD" to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in placing either between the inner side of the hat
or other covering for the head and the ordinary lining of the same or outside
the said lining, so as to be in contact with the head and at the portion worn to
the front thereof (or at any more suitable part), a secondary or a portion of
a secondary lining either extending a part way round the hat or other covering
for the head, from the rim or lower part towards the crown or upper part of
the same, or the whole thereof; this secondary lining being loose or detached and

page_text: separated from the principal or ordinary one, except being fastened at its
extremities, and having its lower edge stiffened with whalebone or any other
more suitable material to preserve its relative position with and distance from
the principal or ordinary lining, at the same time allowing a current of air to
pass freely through the space between the said principal and secondary linings,
and thence upwards inside the hat or other covering for the head, passing
through or out of apertures or openings or any other convenient arrangement
made or placed at or in the crown or any other suitable part of the said hat or
other covering for the head..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed by
the said Richard Husband in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th
July 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
HUSBAND, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Hat Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year. of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Richard Husband, Her especial license that I, the said Richard Husband, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Richard
Husband, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OF VENTILATING HATS OR OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD," upon the con-
dition, amongst others, that I, the said Richard Husband, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Husband, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,

page_text: to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
(and accompanying Drawings), that is to say:-
My improvements consist in placing either between the inner side of the hat
or other covering for the head and the ordinary leather or other band lining of
the same or inside the said lining, so as to be in contact with the head and at
the portion worn to the front thereof (or at any more suitable part) a secondary
or portion of a secondary lining, either extending a part way round the hat or
other covering for the head, from the rim or lower part towards the crown or
upper part of the same, or round the whole thereof; this secondary lining being
detached and separated from the principal or ordinary one, except being
fastened at its extremities, the inner lining having its lower edge stiffened or
not with whalebone or any other more suitable material to preserve its relative
position at a distance from the outer lining, at the same time allowing a
current of air to pass freely through the space between the principal and
secondary linings, and thence upwards inside the hat or other covering for the
head, passing through or out of apertures or openings or any other convenient
arrangement made or placed at or in the tip or any other suitable part of the
said hat or other covering for the head. But in order that my improvements
may be better understood and explained in detail, I have attached to these
Presents a Sheet of Drawing fully illustrative of the same, and made upon a
scale of about four inches to a foot. In the two Figures shown the same letters
of reference refer to similar parts.
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of a hat with my improvements attached;
Fig. 2, a plan of the same, looking down upon and into the hat. a is the
space between the first or outer band lining b, and the inner band lining c,
which space always allows a current of air to pass through the hat, and is kept
open in consequence of the arc of the circle formed by the inner or second
band lining of the hat being somewhat larger than the are formed by the
outer or first band lining. The air after its passage through the space a,
ascends into the interior of the hat, and passes out by any convenient
arrangement of egress in lieu of or by the hole or perforation d, as shewn in
Fig. 1. Another advantage, as well as the more perfect ventilation obtained
by the use of my improvements, is the reduction of pressure on the forehead, so
that the material composing the front of the hat, as far as regards its pliability,
is rendered of secondary importance.
Having thus particularly described my Invention, I wish it to be distinctly
understood that I claim the employment and use in part or whole of a secondary
round or band lining of leather or other material in the interior of hats or

page_text: other coverings for the head, so secured as to preserve a space between itself
and another round or band lining, as herein particularly described and set forth
and exhibited in the accompanying Drawing, which, in combination with the
usual orifice at the top or sides of the hat or other covering for the head,
constitutes a thorough draught hat.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Husband, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
RICHD HUSBAND. (L.s.)