IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS APPLICABLE TO STEAM AND OTHER MOTIVE-POWER ENGINES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Lewis Jones, of Garston, near Liverpool,
in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GOVERNORS APPLICABLE TO STEAM AND OTHER MOTIVE-POWER ENGINES."
Sealed the 14th August 1874, and dated the 13th March 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Lewis Jones at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 13th March 1874.
I, ROBERT LEWIS JONES, of Garston, near Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS APPLICABLE TO STEAM AND OTHER MOTIVE-POWER
ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in governors applicable
to steam and other motive-power engines.
The engine which the governor is intended to control is caused by
means of a pair of bevelled wheels, or in other convenient way to give
rotary motion to a frame in which a slide is able to move up and down.

page_text: This slide works as a nut, upon a screw which the frame also carries
in such manner that it is free to turn in the frame. The screw is
connected with a pendulum having a circular motion in such manner
that the speed of rotation of the screw and pendulum must always
be the same.
This connection is made in the following manner :-Upon the neck of
the screw at its lower end are two horns which receive between them
the upper end of the stem of the pedulum; it is let into a small block
which is able to traverse between the horns towards and from the centre
of the screw. The nut being as above described driven by the engine
tends to carry the screw and pendulum round with it and the pendulum
bob will describe a circle.
When the pendulum bob rises to a certain height the block at the
upper end of the pendulum stem comes into contact with a brake lever
carried by the screw and presses it against the interior of a fixed cup.
The friction so produced immediately retards the pendulum and screw
and causes the slide nut to mount up the screw. This motion of the
nut being communicated by a lever or otherwise to the steam valve
reduces the supply of steam to the engine.
It will be seen that independently of the brake lever and before the 2
maximum velocity is attained the governor will check any tendency to
sudden change of velocity.
In this governor the power applied to the pendulum is small, being
only that resulting from the friction resisting the movement of the nut
on the screw,
hence the pendulum bob may be light, and nevertheless 2
the arrangement will act efficiently as a differential speed governor.
Also the brake lever actuated by the pendulum ensures that the
maximum speed to which the governor is adjusted shall not be exceeded
and that the arc described by the pendulum on which its speed depends
shall be kept within the limit intended.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Lewis Jones in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th September 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
LEWIS JONES, of Garston, near Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and soventy-four, in the thirty-seventh
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Robert Lewis Jones, Her special license that I,
the said Robert Lewis Jones, my exccutors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Robert Lewis Jones, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein,
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,.
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS
APPLICABLE TO STEAM AND OTHER MOTIVE-POWER ENGINES," upon the, con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Lewis Jones, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner tho
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Lewis Jones, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say:
-
This Invention has for its object improvements in governors applicable
to steam and other motive-power engines.
The engine which the governor is intended to control is caused by
means of a pair of bevelled wheels, or in other convenient way to give
rotary motion to a frame in which a slide is able to move up and down.
This slide works as a nut upon a screw which the frame also carries

page_text: in such manner that it is free to turn in the frame. The screw is con-
nected with a pendulum having a circular motion in such manner that
the speed of rotation of the screw and pendulum must always be the
same.
This connection is made in the following manner :-
:-Upon the neck of
the screw at its lower end are two horns which receive between them
the upper end of the stem of the pendulum; it is let into a small block
which is able to traverse between the horns towards and from the centre
of the screw. The nut being as above described driven by the engine
tends to carry the screw and pendulum round with it, and the pendulum
bob will describe a circle.
When the pendulum bob rises to a certain height the block at the
upper end of the pendulum stem comes into contact with a brake lever
carried by the screw, and presses it against the interior of a fixed cup.
The friction so produced immediately retards the pendulum and screw
and causes the slide nut to mount up the screw. This motion of the
nut being communicated by a lever or otherwise to the steam valve
reduces the supply of steam to the engine.
It will be seen that independently of the brake lever and before the
maximum velocity is attained the governor will check any tendency to
sudden change of velocity.
In this governor the power applied to the pendulum is small, being
only that resulting from the friction resisting the movement of the nut.
on the screw,
hence the pendulum bob may be light, and nevertheless
the arrangement will act efficiently as a differential speed governor.
Also the brake lever actuated by the pendulum ensures that the
maximum speed to which the governor is adjusted shall not be exceeded,
and that the arc described by the pendulum on which its speed depends
shall be kept within the limit intended.
In order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings here.
unto annexed.

page_text: a, a, is a fixed bracket frame carrying in a bearing the axis of a bevilled
wheel 6 driven by the engine, and gearing with another similar wheel c
also having a bearing in the bracket frame a; d is an axis with a screw
upon it; it passes through the centre of the wheel c and is also sup-
ported at its upper end by a cap c¹ screwed onto the slotted tube c³ which
in turn is similarly fixed to the wheel c.
A stud on the cap c' is received into the top bearing e fixed to the
bracket frame a. The slotted tube c³ serves as a guide frame for the
double nut which is made in three parts bolted together. The central
portion f¹ has a groove around it to receive the horns g', g¹, of the lever g,
which in any convenient way gives motion to the throttle or cut-off
valve.
The lower end of the axis d receives a socket d¹ having two horns
d³, d³, and to the socket also the brake lever & is jointed.
h is a fixed ring surrounding the brake lever; is the pendulum; it
is hung from a ball , and this ball is received into a cup j fixed at the
lower part of the bracket frame a. The end of the pendulum rod
projects above the ball and is received into a block k which is capable
of sliding between the horns d², d². 7 is a spring which prevents the
pendulum rod taking a vertical position.
The weight of the nut f and lever g, and parts connected therewith,
is so adjusted that the nut will of itself when the apparatus is stationary
run down the screw d by gravity, the throttle or cut-off opening at the
same time.
The parts should be arranged to work with as little friction as possible
and the preponderance of the nut should be small.
Such being the construction of the apparatus its action is as follows:-
So long as the engine is running regularly and not too rapidly the nut
will remain stationary in the guide frame c³, but if the speed of the
engine suddenly increases the inertia of the pendulum will cause it
to retain approximately its former pace; it will lag behind the engine
and the nut in consequence will rise up, the screw d moving the lever g
so as to close more or less the throttle or cut-off valve. Thus the
engine is checked or the engine may run steadily until the maximum
speed is attained, in which case the angular position assumed by the
pendulum rod will carry the block k against the break lever d' and

page_text: cause this to press against the fixed ring h. The pendulum will then be
retarded and the same results will follow as when the engine suddenly
increases its speed. The nut f will rise on the screw and cause the
throttle or cut-off valve to close more or less, according to the extent of
the motion. Thus the governor effectually controls all tendency to rapid 5
change of speed and prevents a given maximum speed from being
exceeded.
Figures 4 shew a modification. The pendulum i as here shewn is hung
from a double pin joint in lieu of by a cup and ball suspension, and the
screw axis d is connected with the wheel c (which carries the nut ƒ 1
round with it) by a spring m which operates in the same way as the
weight of the nut and parts connected therewith but with a varying
tension. The spring m is attached at one end to the arm d* projecting
from the axis d, and at the other to the hollow boss of the wheel c. The
break lever d³ is dispensed with, but nevertheless the governor will keep 1
the speed of the engine below a certain maximum.
Figure 5 shews an arrangement in which the screw runs with the
engine and the nut with the pendulum.
I claim the construction of governors applicable to steam and other
motive-power engines with a pendulum having a circular motion, also 2
with a worm and nut, the one moving with the pendulum and the other
with the engine and operating the valve by their differential motion,
and also with a light weight or frictional contact, or a spring tending
to equalise the speed of the engine and pendulum, substantially as-
described.
I also claim the construction of governors applicable to steam or
other motive-power engines, substantially as described and shewn in the.
annexed Drawings.
2