IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOTS, SHOES, CLOGS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Mosкs
POOLE, of the Patent Office, London, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifteenth day of July,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the sixteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Moses Poole, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Moses Poole, my exors, admors,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Moses Poole, my exors, admors,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney,.
Sark, and Man, and also in all Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations
abroad, the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOTS, SHOES, CLOGS, AND OTHER SIMILAR
ARTICLES," communicated to me from abroad; in which said Letters Patent.
is contained a proviso that I, the said Moses Poole, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to
be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Moses Poole, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:-
The Invention consists of the improvements hereafter described in the
manufacture of boots, shoes, clogs, and other articles.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING,
Which shows a plan of the under side of an insole constructed according to
the Invention, which I prefer to be of india rubber, or it may be of india
rubber mixed with other materials, or of other materials alone, provided the
material will not be injured by the heat to which it will be subjected in the
process of converting india rubber by what is now commonly called "vulcaniz-
ing." This insole has numerous small holes formed through it, for the purpose
of ventilating the foot when walking; and in order that there shall be a space
between the insole and the outsole, and yet that the tread may be solid and
sufficiently firm, I cause the outsole to be supported at intervals with vulcanized
india rubber, which will give way to the tread, and recover itself when released
from pressure, by which means air from the external atmosphere will be alter-
nately received into and driven from the space between the two soles. The
upper surface of the insole is to be covered with flannel or other cloth; the
under surface of the foot will thus continually receive ventilation. The out-
sole is fastened to the insole by any convenient manner, and may be made of
any suitable material; but it is preferred that it should be made of india
rubber suitably prepared for making a hard substance resembling whalebone,
that is, one part of sulphur is to be used for each two parts of india rubber,
The "upper" to be used in combination with such an insole and outsole of a
boot, shoe, clog, or such-like article may be of any suitable material; but if
connected with the india rubber before the same is subjected to heat for the
purpose of vulcanizing the india rubber, the fabrics or materials employed are,
as is well understood, to be capable of bearing the heat necessary for this
process without injury. It is preferred that the upper should be of woven
fabric, either wholly or partly rendered waterproof and elastic or not
use of india rubber, and fixed to the insole by cementing, which is not new,
as such means of connecting these parts have been before resorted to; but it
is preferred that for some height above the sole the upper should be composed
of or covered with india rubber prepared for vulcanizing, so as to render the
the

page_text: boot, shoe, or other article waterproof to that extent.
When letting in gores
at the ancles of high shoes or boots, and the tops and sides of low shoes, to
make them elastic at those parts, knit or looped fabrics coated with india
rubber suitably prepared for being vulcanized are employed, the elasticity of
the knit or looped fabric being retained in the horizontal direction of each
gore, such gores of knit or looped fabric or of india rubber being introduced
and cemented in the opening of "the upper." All these parts may be put
together before the process of "vulcanizing;" the parts composed of india
rubber may be cemented together by india-rubber cement, the india rubber
used for such parts being previously mixed with sulphur, or matters containing
sulphur, or capable of giving off sulphur vapours. When subjected to the
heat necessary to produce, the change called "vulcanization," in place of
applying the outsole, before vulcanizing the other, parts, the under surface of
the insole may be prepared to have the outsole applied after the process of
vulcanizing has been performed, in which case strong fabric (if the sole is to
be cemented or sewed) may be applied and, cemented to the india rubber
round the outer edge of the insole before the same is vulcanized, which fabric,
after the india rubber has been vulcanized, will admit of the outsole of suit-
able material being subsequently sewed or cemented; or in place of fabric
being used, hard material, such as wood, may be imbedded in the india rubber
of the insole before vulcanization, and the outsole, whether of leather or of
the hard material produced from india rubber combined with sulphur, may be
fixed by screws or other means.
Another mode of fixing an outsole or heel where vulcanized india rubber is
employed for the insole is, by cementing a sole composed of the hard horny
or whalebone-like substance produced by combining india rubber with sulphur
(with or without other matters), and subjecting the same to heat. The india
rubber of the insole and the cement is to be prepared for the process of
vulcanization. The hard surfaces for the outsole and heel are then to be
cemented with india-rubber cement containing sulphur, and when the process
of vulcanizing has been performed, the vulcanized edges of india rubber will
hold the hard substance securely. In these cases the hard material so to be
used is first made and hardened by heat before being applied. An air passage
is to be provided, and this can most conveniently be done at the heel, as
shewn, and which should be provided with a plug to close it when in use in
very wet weather, or the entrance of the air passage may be carried higher up
the heel by a small flexible tube. The boot, shoe, clog, or other such-like
article is then to be subjected to heat, in order to convert the india rubber, as
is well understood.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to the several details as herein described; but what I claim is, the
combining materials, as herein described, when manufacturing boots, shoes,
clogs, and other similar articles.
In witness whereof, I, the said Moses Poole, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
MOSES (L.B.) POOLE.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourteenth day of January, in
the year of our Lord 1853, the aforesaid Moses Poole came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Fifteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.