CERTAIN IMPROVED MACHINERY TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NAILS, BOLTS, RIVETS, OR PINS, AND SCREW BLANKS
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, Joun
HINKS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, and
EUGENE NICOLLE, of Birmingham aforesaid, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-fourth day
of January, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the fifteenth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto us, the said John Hinks and Eugene Nicolle, our exors, admors, and
assigns, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
we, the said John Hinks and Eugene Nicolle, our exors, adñiors, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said John Hinks and Eugene Nicolle,
our exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVED MACHINERY TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NAILS, BOLTS,
RIVETS, OR PINS, AND SCREW BLANKS;" in which said Letters Patent is con-
tained a proviso that we, the said John Hinks and Eugene Nicolle, or one
of us, shall cause a particular description of the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in
writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us,
to be enrolled in Iler said Majesty's IIigh Court of Chancery within six

page_text: calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto bad, will more
fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
John Ilinks and Eugene Nicolle, do hereby declare that the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon, that is to say :-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevation, Figure 2 a longitudinal section,
Figure 3 a plan, Figure 4 a front view, and Figure 5 a transverse section of
our machine for making nails, the said transverse section, Figure 5, being
taken through the line A, Figure 3. a is the driving shaft to which motion is
communicated by the pulley b. c is an endless chain communicating motion
from the shaft a¹ to the axis d. The other motions of the several parts of the
machine are effected by cams on the axis a', the return motions of the said
e is a roll on the
parts being effected by springs or weights, or camb boxes.
axis d. f is a roll on the axis g. The said axis g works in collars on the
bracket h. The said roll f is not concentric with the axis g but excentric
thereto, as seen in Figure 3, the end of the said axis being slightly
cranked for the purpose of throwing out the centre of the said roll. On
the end of the axis g, opposite to that on which the roll f is situated, is
a crank i, to which the rod j is connected. The cam k, on the axis a¹,
acting on the roller 1, on the end of the rod j, and through the crank i and
axis g, depresses the roller f, so as to cause the rod of metal m, of which
the nail is to be made, to be grasped between the rolls e, f, and the said rod
to be carried into the machine the rotation of the roll e. The rod of
metal m passes through the tube n, and the first process to which it is
subjected has for its object the pointing or flattening of the metal at the
place where it is afterwards to be cut off. The said pointing is effected in
the following manner :-0, 0, are vertical axes on which the segmental pieces
P, P, turn.
In these segmental pieces p, p, the steel tools q, q, are fixed.
The axes o, o, are fixed in slides r, r (see Figure 5), which slide in beds s, s,
The
adjusted and fixed by the screws t, t, on the bed of the machine.
beds s, s, in which the slides r, r, work are not parallel, but inclined towards
one another, as shewn by the dotted lines s, s, indicating their direction in
Figure 3. u, u, are connecting rods, by which motion is communicated from
the cams v, v, to the slides r, r. w, w, are arms on the segmental pieces p, p,
which carry on their ends pins x, x. These pins engage in the curved slots

page_text: y, y, in the plates 2, z, so that when by the action of the cams v, v, and con-
necting rods u, u, the slides r, r, are urged forward, the axes o, o, in their
sliding motion approach each other, and by the action of the curved slots y, y,
the segmental pieces p, p, are at the same time made to turn upon the said
axis, the result of which compound motion is the flattening or pointing of the
rod of metal, as shewn in Figure 3. In order to prevent the metal when
being compressed by the tools q, q, from expanding vertically, a roll 1 working
in a vertical plane presses upon and confines the metal so as to prevent
the said vertical expansion. The said roll 1 is not represented in Figure 3.
By the action of the feeding machinery the partially formed nail is carried
through the tube n, on emerging from which it is cut off at its thinnest part
by the approach of the cutting tools 2, 2. These tools are fixed on slides
3, 3, which work in grooves fixed on the bed of the machine. A double or
treble threaded screw 4, one half of which is right-handed and one half
left-handed, passes through the slides on which the said tools 2, 2, are fixed.
5 is a crank fixed on the end of the screw 4. 6 is a connecting rod attached
to the crank 5, to which rod motion is communicated by the cam 7 acting
on the roller 8 on the end of the said rod. By the motion of the crank 5,
and the partial rotation of the right and left handed screw to which it gives
motion, the cutting tools 2, 2, are made to approach and cut off the partially
formed nail at its thinnest part. The said partially formed nail is supported
in the tube 9 before it is cut off, and after it is so cut off it is pushed
forward through the said tube 9, and on to the table 10, by the advance
of the rod of metal and other partially formed nails. When it has arrived
at the position represented at 11, Figure 3, it is grasped by the dies 12, 12,
by which it is held during the process of heading. These dies are made
to approach each other by means similar to those herein-before described with
reference to the cutting tools, that is to say, they slide in a dovetail fixed on
the bed of the machine, and a double or treble threaded screw, one half of
which is right-handed and one half left-handed, passes through the said
sliding tools, and by means of the cam 13, connecting rod 14, and crank 15,
on the end of the said screw, the said dies or tools are made to approach
and grasp the partially formed nail during the heading process. The heading
of the nail is effected by the die 16, which is actuated by the cam 17.
The said die 16 is fixed and adjusted in the slide 18 by the screws
19, 19. After the nail is completed by the operating of the heading die,
the dies 12, 12, by which it was held during heading, open, and the nail
now rests upon the table 10 (see Figure 2). This table turns upon an
axis 20, and is supported in a horizontal position by the lever 21, the end of

page_text: the said lever bearing against the cam 17.
When by the revolution of the
cam 17 the part 17¹ of the said cam is presented to the end of the said lever,
the said lever turns upon the joint 22 and lets the table 10 fall, by which
motion the nail resting thereon is thrown down the passage 23, and falls into
a receptacle placed for its reception. The metal rods supplied to the machine
may either be cold or heated to redness or other suitable temperature.
In modifying the machine herein-before described and represented in
the accompanying Drawings, so as to apply it to the manufacture of bolts,
rivets, or pins, and screw blanks, it is only necessary to modify the shapes,
sizes, and proportions of the several tools and dies herein-before described, so
as to accommodate them to the shape, sizes, and proportions of the bolts,
rivets, or pins, and screw blanks to be manufactured. Sometimes that
portion of the mechanism used for tapering the metallic rod with which the
machine is supplied is altogether omitted.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we
do not confine ourselves to the exact method of carrying our Invention into
effect herein described and represented in the accompanying Drawings, as the
same may be varied without departing from the nature of our said Invention;
but we claim,-
Firstly, the method of feeding or supplying metallic rods to machines for
making, nails, rivets, bolts, and screw blanks, herein described and represented
in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly, the method herein described, and represented in the accompanying
Drawings, of tapering the metallic rod of which nails are to be formed, that is
to say, by causing it to pass between rolling surfaces, the axes of the said
rolling surfaces at the same time gradually approaching each other.
Thirdly, the method herein described, and represented in the accompanying
Drawing, of cutting or separating the partially-formed nail, rivets, bolts, or
screw blanks, that is to say, by causing the cutting or dividing tools to approach
by the action of a screw, the thread of which is partially right and partially
left handed. Also the application of the same method of giving motion to the
dies by which the partially-formed nail, rivet, bolt, or screw blank is held
during the action of the heading dies.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Hinks, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.
JOHN (L.S.) HINKS.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-first day of July, in the
year of our Lord. 1852, the aforesaid John Hinks came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-second day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.
Enrolled the Twenty-second day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.