IMPROVEMENTS IN ASBESTOS PACKING FOR STUFFING GLANDS AND LIKE PARTS OF ENGINES "AND MACHINERY WHERE THE PACKING IS SUBJECTED TO HEAT AND FRICTION
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Fleming, of No. 17 and No. 18, Leadenhall Street, in
the City of London, Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ASBESTOS PACKING FOR STUFFING GLANDS AND LIKE PARTS OF ENGINES "AND
MACHINERY WHERE THE PACKING IS SUBJECTED TO HEAT AND FRICTION." A
communication from abroad by Albert Donald Furse, of Rome, in the Kingdom
of Italy.
Sealed the 26th November 1878, in pursuance of an Order of the Lord Chancellor,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Fleming at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd May 1878.
ahr
JOHN FLEMING, of No. 17 and No. 18, Leadenhall Street, in the City of London,
Merchant. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ASBESTOS PACKING FOR STUFFING GLANDS AND
LIKE PARTS OF ENGINES AND MACHINERY WHERE THE PACKING IS SUBJECTED TO
HEAT AND FRICTION." [A communication from abroad by Albert Donald Furse, of
Rome, in the Kingdom of Italy.]
My Invention relates to asbestos packing for piston and valve rods, pistons, rams,
slide valves, expansion pipe joints, and other parts of engines and machinery with
moving portions subjected to heat and friction.
By asbestos packing is meant such packing as has asbestos or amianthus as an
essential part thereof, both when such asbestos or amianthus is prepared and used
by itself and when mixed or combined with other materials, and also when used in
the pure or combined condition without or with dry, liquid, or other lubricating
agents.
In practice pure asbestos made into millboard by being first pulped and afterwards
compacted is preferred, and packing so made is called "asbestos open millboard
packing."
The main objects of my improvements are to provide a packing which shall be
more durable than those hitherto in use, shall be easily applied and renewed in

page_text: glands and like containers, and conveniently adjustable in such manner that the
working parts may move with minimum friction.
Under one modification of my Invention I combine with a stuffing gland or other
container and the moving part asbestos rings cut conically or obliquely, such rings
being placed in reverse directions the one within the other. Two only of these
rings may be used, but a series is preferred; and it is desirable in all cases that
they should be cut across or have a piece cut out transversely, so as to leave an
opening and thereby provide for closing up when wear has taken place. The two
rings are usually cut obliquely from one washer-like ring, but they may be other-
wise fashioned.
"
Under another modification there is employed in combination with a gland or
container and piston rod or moving part the above-described conical or obliquely
cut rings, and flat rings or washers. The conical or obliquely cut rings are placed
in series alternating with the flat washer-like rings until the required thickness is
made up.
Under a third part there is used in combination with glands or containers and a
moving part the above-described conical or obliquely cut rings, either with or
without the alternating flat rings or washers, the inner rings and therefore those in
contact with the rod or moving part being slightly thicker than the outer ones.
The object of the said increased thickness is to admit of easy screwing up and
beneficial packing after wear.
Under a fourth part there is adapted in combination with glands or containers
and a moving part asbestos, concentric inner conical or obliquely cut rings, and
concentric outer rings or pieces of wood or hard material, the asbestos rings being
thicker than the wood or hard ones.
Under a fifth part the asbestos packing rings, usually called "asbestos millboard
wedge packing rings," both the conical and the plain ones, are opened by being cut
through obliquely and excentrically, that is to say, obliquely from top to bottom,
and excentrically from the outer to the inner circumferences. The said oblique and
excentric cuts apply when the simple cut is made, and also when a piece is cut out
and an opening made. The said cuts are intended to allow the packing rings to be
applied to rods and like parts without disconnecting parts of the machinery, and
without slipping such rings over the end of the rod.
Under a sixth part there is used with any of the above-described combined parts
at one or both ends, or at top and bottom, or either of them, in the glands or
containers, loose fibre or a rope or tress to keep the asbestos rings well in their
place.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Fleming in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th November
1878.
JOHN FLEMING, of 17 and 18, Leadenhall Street, in the City of London, Merchant.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ASBESTOS PACKING FOR STUFFING GLANDS AND LIKE PARTS
OF ENGINES AND MACHINERY WHERE THE PACKING IS SUBJECTED TO HEAT AND
FRICTION." A communication from abroad by Albert Donald Furse, of Rome, in
the Kingdom of Italy.
My Invention relates to asbestos packing for piston and valve rods, pistons, rams,
slide valves, expansion pipe joints, and other parts of engines and machinery with
moving portions subjected to heat and friction.
By asbestos packing is meant such packing as has asbestos or amianthus as an
essential part thereof, both when such asbestos or amianthus is prepared and used
by itself and when mixed or combined with other materials, and also when used in
the pure or combined condition without or with dry, liquid, or other lubricating
agents.
In practice pure asbestos made into millboard by being first pulped and afterwards
compacted is preferred, and packing so made is called "asbestos open millboard
packing."
The main objects of the improvements are to provide a packing which shall be
more durable than those hitherto in use, shall be easily applied and renewed in
glands and like containers, and conveniently adjustable in such manner that the
working parts may move with minimum friction.
Under one modification of my Invention I combine with a stuffing gland or other
container and the moving part asbestos rings cuts conically or obliquely, such rings
being placed in reverse directions the one within the other. Two only of these
rings may be used, but a series is preferred; and it is desirable in all cases that
they should be cut across or have a piece cut out transversely, so as to leave an
opening and thereby provide for closing up when wear has taken place. The two
rings are usually cut obliquely from one washer-like ring, but they may be other-
wise fashioned.
Under another modification there is employed in combination with a gland or
container and piston rod or moving part the above-described conical or obliquely
cut rings and flat rings or washers. The conical or obliquely cut rings are placed
in series alternating with the flat washer-like rings until the required thickness is
made up.
Under a third part there is used in combination with glands or containers and a
moving part the above-described conical or obliquely cut rings, either with or
without the alternating flat rings or washers, the inner rings and therefore those in
contact with the rod or moving part being slightly thicker than the outer ones.
The object of the said increased thickness is to admit of easy screwing up and
beneficial packing after wear.
Under a fourth part there is adapted in combination with glands or containers
and a moving part asbestos concentric inner conical or obliquely cut rings, and
concentric outer rings or pieces of wood or hard material, the asbestos rings being
thicker than the wood or hard ones.
Under a fifth part the asbestos packing rings, usually called "asbestos millboard
wedge packing rings," both the conical and the plain ones, are opened by being cut
through obliquely and excentrically, that is to say, obliquely from top to bottom,
and excentrically from the outer to the inner circumferences. The said oblique and
excentric cuts apply when the simple cut is made, and also when a piece is cut out
and an opening made. The said cuts are intended to allow the packing rings to be
applied to rods and like parts without disconnecting parts of the machinery, and
without slipping such rings over the end of the rod.

page_text: Fig. 1 is a section of a pair of conical rings made under the first part of my
Invention. a, outer ring; b, inner ring; c, opening to allow of closing up when
the ring is worn.
་
.
"
Fig. 2 is a section of a pair of rings similar to the above, but having the sides of
the cone from d to d instead of from e to e, as in Fig. 1, so as to prevent the corners
or edges e from being torn off.
a, outer
Under the second part, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a series of rings under this
part of my Invention placed one above another as in a stuffing box.
conical rings; b, inner conical rings; c, openings or cuts to allow of compression;
d, lines of coning; f, flat rings or washers, some being made thicker than others, as
shown.
J.
-
Under the third part, Fig. 4 is a section of a pair of rings under this part of my
Invention. a, outer conical ring; b, inner conical ring, make thicker than the
outer ring.
21
Under the fourth part, Fig. 5 is a section of two rings under this part of my
Invention. a, outer conical ring, shown made of wood; b, inner conical ring made
of asbestos, and shown thicker than the wooden outer ring.
Under the fifth part, Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a flat ring or washer, and
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a pair of conical rings under this part of my Inven-
tion. c, openings made obliquely from g to h, and excentrically from g to i.
1
Under the sixth part, Fig. 8 is a sectional view illustrating this part of my
Invention. j, loose fibre, rope, or tress, placed at the bottom of the stuffing box k;
a, b, f, a series of conical rings and washers placed on the top of the loose fibre j
7, loose fibre, rope, or tress placed on top of the series of rings a, b, f; the whole
being kept in position by the gland m.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and particularized the
same in such manner that others will be enabled to make and use my said packing,
I claim the several improvements in asbestos packing, substantially as herein set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Fleming, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.