IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING AND BLOCK, TIP WAGGONS, CARTS AND VANS"
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Watling and Edgar Chaston both of Lambeth in
the County of Surrey for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING AND
BLOCK, TIP WAGGONS, CARTS AND VANS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Watling and Edgar
Chaston at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th February
1882.
JOHN WATLING, and EDGAR CHASTON both of Lambeth in the County of
Surrey, "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING AND BLOCK, TIP WAGGONS, CARTS AND
VANS"
This Invention has for, its object improvements in spring and block tip waggons
carts and vans. In a four wheeled spring waggon or van constructed in accordance
with this Invention the upper body that is to say the part which tips, is provided
and fixed underneath the body of the waggon horizontally about the centre, with
a series of steps or friction rollers set in a frame somewhat similar to the steps of
a ladder, to this part of the body is also hinged a similar set of steps so as to
become folded or extended according as the upper body is in its normal position
or in its tipped position as the case may be: this binged series of steps is guided
in its travel by means of two friction rollers set in a frame pivotted on to the
under frame of the waggon. In the under frame is fitted vertically a disc or frame
from which projects spokes, these engaging firstly in the fixed horizontal series of
steps by turning a handle provided at the side of the waggon, causing the upper
body (when the tipping operation is to be performed) to travel back (lengthwise)
over the under frame; when a certain length of travel has been effected the spokes
in the vertical disc leave the fixed series of steps meet and engage with the hinged
series of steps or friction rollers causing the hinged frame to ascend and the front
of the waggon body rises until the desired tipping height is attained, when it may
be locked in position by means of a catch.
On turning the handle the reverse way, the waggon is lowered and slides formed
on the under frame to its normal position. That the body of the waggon may

page_text: travel with ease on the frame we use friction rollers or balls so as to revolve freely
within suitable bearings of any required number and position. To prevent the
body of the waggon sliding off the end of its under frame we bolt or otherwise two
or more metal guard slots or grooves of any suitable length, such slots or groove
guard is attached to the sides of the waggon and projects downward over the sides
(towards the end) of the under frame. On each side of the under frame we fix a
pivot or pin to project through and to slide into the said metal slot or groove
guard. On the van or waggon sliding back for the purpose of tilting the same, the
pivots or pins, acts for the body of the waggon to turn thereon, (as on a pivot)
within the said slot or groove guard. We also use a rack and pinion arrangement
to steady the motion of the body of the van and waggon whilst travelling backward
or forwards on its frame or carriage.
In the case of block tip waggons vans and carts the upper body has attached to
it, a bracket or brackets which is or are pivotted upon a pin or pins firmly fixed
to the rear transverse block. For regulating the height of tip we may employ the
previously hinged series of steps, but we prefer in this case to employ cross bars
pivotted in the centre, or an arrangement of lazy tongs the extremities of which are
connected respectively to the underside of the body and by means of nuts to a
right and left handed screw or worm fitted transversely to the under frame. The
right and left handed screw or worm is operated by means of a lever or handle
when the crossed bars, or the lazy tongs are closed or extended and this raises or
lowers the body of the waggon the said handle may be locked in any desired
position by means of a catch. In case of block tip waggons vans or carts the
opening in the rear part of the under frame or carriage is made sufficiently wide
to allow of the upper body passing downwards, or the body may overhang.
In order to make the tail board or back board which is fixed on hinges on the
top in the ordinary manner and is held closed by means of a jointed cross bar and
catches to open automatically we fix metal bars one end of which on each side of
the under frame-the-other-end-close-to-the-catch,_on_the_waggon_tipping the catch
or catches strike the bar and so releases the before mentioned jointed cross bar,
the tail board is then released.
This Invention may be applied to two wheeled carts in a manner substantially
similar to that above described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Watling and Edgar Chaston in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 15th June 1882.
JOHN WATLING and EDGAR CHASTON both of Lambeth in the County of
Surrey "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING AND BLOCK TIP WAGGONS CARTS AND
VANS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in spring and block tip waggons
carts and vans consists of two parts one being the underframe a, the other being
the body frame b of the cart. In a four wheeled spring waggon or van constructed
in accordance with this Invention the upper body, that is to say the part which
tips is provided and fixed underneath the body of the waggon horizontally about
the centre with a series of steps or friction rollers Figure 1 c set in a frame some-
what similar to the steps of a ladder to this part of the body is also hinged a
similar set of steps & so as to become folded or extended according as the upper
body is in its normal position or in its tipped position. Figure 2 as the case may be
This hinged series of steps is guided in its travel by means of two friction rollers e
set in a frame pivotted on to the under frame of the waggon. In the under
frame a is fitted vertically a disc or frame from which projects spokes f these
engaging firstly in the fixed horizontal series of steps by turning a handle f*
provided at the side of the waggon causing the upper body (when the tipping
operation is to be performed) to travel back (lengthwise) over the under frame
when a certain length of travel has been effected the spokes f in the vertical disc
leave the fixed series of steps c meet and engage with hinged series of steps d or
friction rollers causing the hinged frame to ascend and the front of the waggon
body rises until the desired tipping height is attained when it may be locked in
position by means of a catch."
On turning the handle the reverse way the waggon is lowered and slides
forward on the under frame to its normal position. That the body of the waggon
may travel with case on the frame we use friction rollers g or balls so as to revolve
freely within suitable bearings of any required number and position. To prevent
the body of the waggon sliding off the end of its under frame we bolt or other wise
two or more metal guard slots h or grooves of any suitable length such as slots or
groove guard is attached to the sides of the waggon and projects downward over
the sides (towards the ends) of the under frame. On each side of the under
frame we fix a pivot or pin i to project through and to slide into the said metal
slot or groove guard h.
On the van or waggon sliding back for the purpose of tilting the same the pivots
or pins act for the body of the waggon to turn thereon (as on a pivot within the
said slot or groove guard. We also use a rack and pinion jj arrangement to steady
the motion of the body of the van and waggon whilst travelling backward or
forwards on its frame or carriage.
In the case of block tip waggons vans and carts for exceedingly heavy loads we
employ the before mentioned horizontal friction rollers in a frame somewhat like
steps or ladders to work in groove or guide down the centre of the under frame,
at the end of the waggon or van we attach a lever (Figure 3) No. 1 leading down
towards the axle or block from which is attached a smaller lever No. 2 from the
end of the before mentioned ladder friction rollers we fix another lever No. 3 the
end of which is pivotted or fixed to the ends of levers Nos. 1 and 2 on turning the
cam f by means of its handle or handles the levers draw the end of the body of the

page_text: waggon downwards (instead of tipping the front of waggons or vans up as in the
two former Figures 1 and 2. To discharge the load clear of back axle and wheels,
also to work independently of and dispensing with all strains upon the back axle
or block we attach to the sides of the body frame by means of bolts or otherwise,
a bracket or brackets somewhat like the shape of the letter V Figures 3 and 6, 1
and to the horizontal under frame we attach a second one 1x, these brackets are
pivotted, by means of a long pin or bar passing through the lower ends of all four
brackets, or by pins or bolts. For regulating the height of tip in some cases we
may prefer to employ cross bars pivotted in or about the centre, or even at the
ends, somewhat like tongs Figure 8, or an arrangement of lazy tongs the extremities
of which are connected in any convenient manner about the front of body of the
waggon van or cart either fixed or to work onto a bar. Across the under frame we fix
by means of bearings a suitable worm or screw working right and left handed n, n,
having handles at each end, the said right and left handed screw or worm passes
through nuts o, o, attached to the ends of the cross bars or tongs, the said ends can
be forked o* to the nuts. As a modification for regulating the height of tip and
for instant discharge of load (Figure 4) to the body underneath we suspend or to
the underframe a we fix friction-roller or rollers g* working in suitable slotted
groove, and across horizontally upon the underframe a we fix a spindle p from the
centre of which we fix a bent lever or levers 9, passing between the before
mentioned rollers g* at the ends of the spindle we attach handles on turning the
handle down the lever or levers presses up the rollers g* attached to the said body
whereby causing the van to rise up in front. Figure 5 is another plan of our
brackets * for when it is more desirable to fix them on to the block instead of
from the under frame Figure 7 the same which can be attached to the side of
the block or bed.
In order to make the tail board or back board, which is fixed on hinges on the
-top-in-the-ordinary manner, to open automatically we fix a joined bar, across the
tail board the ends of which project beyond the tail board into suitable catches
toward the ends of the under frame to attach on each side a bar one end extends
beyond the tail board and a little under the ends of the said cross bar on the
waggon tipping the ends of the jointed cross bar strikes the bar and so releases the
ends of the said cross bar from their catches and the tail board is then released.
This Invention may be applied to two wheel carts in a manner substantially thmilar
to that above described.
Having now described the nature of our said Inventions and the manner in
which the forgoing may be performed we would in conclusion observe that we do
not limit ourselves to the precise details or number of the soveral parts herein
given and shown in the accompanying Drawings as various modifications may be
made therein while retaining the essential features of our Inventions but what we
claim as new and improved and desire to be secured to us by the hereinbefore in
part recited Letters Patent are the following.
First. The application of a two or four wheeled van waggon or cart to act as a
tip van waggon or cart upon springs or blocks with the ladders and cam and
friction rollers with parts hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figures 1
and 2 and 3 letters a b c d e f g h i and j or any modification thereof.
Second. The application of a tip van waggon or cart by means of the brackets
with the parts herein before described and illustrated by Figures 3, 4 and 6 and
letters Land L*, and Nos. 1 2 an 3 or any modification thereof.
Thirdly. The application of a tip van waggon or cart by means of the said
brackets for delivering its load from its given centre and discharging it fully or
partially by means of lever or levers and cam or cams and friction rollers placed
as to be conveniently operated upon by the man in charge substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by Figure 4 and letters g, g*, p and q, or
any modification thereof.
Fourthly. We claim the means of tipping 2 or 4 wheeled vehicles by means of
the hereinbefore said brackets, and combined levers, and ladder and cam or cams

page_text: united to tail board by means of the said lever or levers so as to act simultaneously
with the instant tipping or otherwise of the body of the van with the said parts as
herein before described or any modification thereof.
In witness whereof we the said John Watling and Edgar Chaston have
hereunto set our hands and seals this Tenth day of June in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
JOHN WATLING.
(L.S.)
EDGAR CHASTON. (L.S.)