Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Apr., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 12th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 21st Jan., 1893

page_text: 2 bearings m and to which are also keyed the levers o. These levers carry at their
free ends a spindler with a roller n fixed thereto. The outer parts of the spindle
are provided with screw thread and upon it are placed the boxes or nuts s, which
are shifted lengthways by the turning of the roller n and the spindes r.
The boxess are connected to two crank-levers t and t¹ held in bearings u and u';
the ends of the arms of these levers are joined to connecting rods v & v' carrying
rollers H and H' or shoes on guide pieces w, wo².
From the Figures 1 & 4 it will now be understood, that when the bars D and I
go down, the lever / will be turned and also the spindle 7 and the short levers o,
which press the rollers n against the beams A, in consequence of this the roller is
turned and with it the screw spindles r, thus shifting the boxes or nuts which turn
the levers t and t', so that the rods r, v¹ and the rollers or shoes and are pressed
against the toothed stays B, in the same way as did before the rollers N & N'.
Therefore, when these should happen to fail the rollers and a will come to
action.
The Figure 6 shows a modified construction, it consists in the use of excentric
shoes y y at the ends of the rods v & v¹; these shoes press direct against the
beams A and are then caused to be turned and consequently to press all the firmer
against the beams and retard the fall of the elevator.
It it self evident that the bars D & I may be erected at the side of the elevator
instead of the middle of it.
Dated this 12th day of March 1892.
KARL J. MAYER,
Agent for Wilhelm Lessing.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lifts.
I, WILHELM LESSING of Ringebrauk near Unna, Westfalia Germany Farmer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
This invention has for its object to prevent accidents in lifts, elevators hoists and
the like machines for raising a load from a lower place to one situated higher up or
vice versa, ns in hotels, warehouses, and especially in mines, in case of the breakage
of the hoisting rope or chain to which the elevator is suspendend. I attain this
object by providing a peculiarly arranged brake based upon the principle of the
inclined plane and friction and acting together with a reserve mechanism or a
reserve brake, in which case both are set in action in different manners, but both
influencing the inclined plane.
On the accompanying drawings
Sheet one shows one manner of construction.
Sheet two shows a simplified design.
Figure 1 is a vertical view partly in section of one manner of carrying out my idea;
Figure 2 shows a part of Figure 1 seen at right angle to it ;
Figure 3 is a sectional top view, of Figure 1;
Figure 4 is a view of the reserve gear seen from the top;
Figure 5 shows the lower part of the main brake seen from below
Figure 6 shows a modified construction of the reserve gear;
Figure 7 is a vertical section of a simplified design with the holding gear at the
top of the cage only and the brake in action;
Figure 8 is a view seen at right angle to Figure 7:
Figure 9 shows the cage with the brake supposed to be out of action;
Figure 10 is a top view of Figure 1 partly in section ;
Figure 11 is a plan of Figure 9;
Figures 12 and 13 show details of construction.

page_text: I. ARRANGEMENT WITH RESERVE GEAR AT FOOT OF THE CAGE,
FIGURES 1-6.
Opposite to the two vertical posts A. I arrange the two toothed stays or bars B
and B which can be shifted from each other lengthways. The inner toothed
stays B are fixed firmly to the hoisting chair, the outer ones B₁ being free to move,
when sufficient force is used to separate them, from the inner ones. They are both
of U section, the one may be armed with a lining C of wood or of roughened steel,
the other one B encloses the first one and also the posts A thus guiding the elevator
vertically.
The hoist in this case is suspended by means of the bar D and the eye E at a
rope F. The bar going right through the chair from top to bottom below the
girder G and supports the same on a strong collar H. The bar is free to move
lengthways in the boss of the girder G and in the upper cross piece G¹ in which it
is guided.
Parallel to the bar D I arrange an other one I, which is connected to the first
one at its lower end by means of a key K, so that both bars can be shifted together
in a axial or vertical direction. Both bars are also connected to the forked bell-
crank levers L and L' having their fulcrums at M and M' respectively, and being
provided with rollers N and N' at the other end of the arms.
The bar I reaches up to the top of the elevator, and here it is connected to two
similar levers O & O' having their fulcrums at P and P' respectively and the other
arms of which are also provided with rollers Q and Q¹.
Now upon a pin passing through the bar I rests the weighted lever R, which is
supported in the bracket S, and the manner of working of the apparatus described
so far, is therefore as follows:
When the rope F breaks the bars D and I and the chair fall downwards the
speed of the bar I being accelerated by the weighted lever R, the levers L, L¹
and, O, O' being further pressed down by the springs U and V are turned on their
fulcrums and their rollers N, N' and Q, Q' respectively, press against the toothed
stays B and these therefore then slide along the vertical beams A and are therefore
retarded in consequence of the friction, which is increased by the roughened pieces C.
At the same time the elevator with the stays B fixed thereto, glides along the
stays B' and the teeth or wedge shapes of the same cause the stays B' to be pressed
firmly against the beams A and then the movement of the chair is retarded and
stopped alltogether.
Now in case that the arrangement described should fail, I combine with the
bars I and D the following reserve gear (Figures 1 and 4). The bar I is
prolongated downwards and it acts upon a lever being keyed upon a short
spindle q, which is carried in two bearings m and to which are also keyed two
levers o.
These levers carry at their free ends a spindler with a roller n fixed
thereto. The outer parts of the spindle r are provided with screw thread and upon
it are placed the boxes or nuts s, which are shifted lengthways by the turning of
the rollers n and the spindles r. The boxes & are connected to two crank levers t
and t; held in bearings u and u¹ the ends of the arms of these levers are joined
to connecting rods v and v² carrying blocks or shoes and ¹ on guide pieces w, 101.
From the Figures 1 & 4 it will now be understood, that when the bars D and I
go down, the lever will be turned and also the spindle q and the short levers o,
which press the rollers n against the beams A. In consequence of this the roller is
turned and with it the screw spindles thus shifting the boxes or nuts s, which
turn the levers t and t¹ so that the rods v, v and the rollers or shoes and r¹ are
pressed against the toothed stays B, in the same way as did before the rollers N
and N. Therefore, when these should happen to fail, the rollers and ¹ will
come to action.
The Figure 6 shows a modified construction of the reserve gear. It consists in
the use of excentric shoes y y at the ends of the rods and v; these shoes press

page_text: direct against the beams A and are then caused to be turned and consequently to
press all the firmer against the beams and retard the fall of the elevator.
In the foregoing arrangement the bars D and I may in some cases hinder the
placing of goods on the floor of the cage and I have therefore designed the
arrangement shown on Sheet 2, Figures 7-13 in which the inside of the cage i
quite free.
II. ARRANGEMENT WITH THE WHOLE GEAR AT THE TOP OF THE CAGE
LEAVING THE LOWER SPACE IN THE SAME QUITE FREE
DOUBLE ACTING BRAKES, FIGURES 7-13.
AND WITH
This arrangement acts on the whole like the construction shown, and it is based
upon the same principle of the inclined plane and frictional power.
The reserve gear and the main gear here work simultaneously on four sides and
all the mechanisms are arranged at the top, so that the interior of the cage is quite
free, which for all sorts of lifts is of great advantage, but especially for those used
in mines.
The main standard posts 1 are of the T shape as seen in Figs. 10 and 11; the
cage forms a rectangular box held together by four vertical bars 2, 2, angle
irons 3, 3 at the top and cross pieces 4 and 5 forming the top and the bottom. To
horizontal bars 6, fixed to the vertical bars 2, are attached the fixed toothed brake
bars 7, 7 at both sides of the cage and also the connecting rods 8, 8, to which are
linked the movable toothed brake bars 9, 9 at their upper and lower ends as scen
in Figs. 7 and 9.
Now the cage is suspended on a rope 10 by means of a strap 11, which is fixed to
a bolt 12. Round this bolt is placed a conical spiral spring 13, which at its upper
side bears against the cross piece 4, and by its lower end it stands upon a bush 14,
which is hold upon the bolt by a key 15, so that the spring 13 is firmly secured
between the pieces 4 and 14. To the boss 14 are forged two arms 15, 15 going first
upwards and then branching off right and left into double arms 15" (Fig. 13). To
these arms 15ª are linked connecting pieces 16, and the lower ends of these take
hold of the double armed forked levers 17 (see detail Figure 12); which have their
fulcrum at 18 on bolts fixed to the sides of the cage. On the inside end of the
shorter arms of these levers rests a projection or ear 19 of the movable toothed
bars 9 and to one of the outside branches of the arms 17 is bolted a stay rod 20 on
each side of the cage. These stay rods with their upper ends take hold of the weighted
levers 21, which are supported in bearings 22, at the top of the cage.
From the description given so far and by means of the drawing it will now be
understood, that when the cage is loaded and suspended on the rope 10 or the
eye 11 and bolt 12 respectively, the spring 13 will be compressed, the, picce 14
with the arms 15 and 15 will go upwards and this will cause the turning of the
double armed forked levers 17 on their fulcrums 18, on account of the connecting
bars 16. By this operation the toothed bars 9 will be allowed to go down a little
and they will thus become quite free of the beams 1. so that the cage can glide
freely up or down, the links 8 supporting the withdrawal of the bars 9 from the
beams 1.
If however the rope 10 should happen to break, the spring 13 will press down the
piece 14 and its arms 15 and 15, and by their connection with the lever 17 they
will cause this to be turned in the other way, as described before, and this move-
ment will be supported by the connecting bars 20 and the weighted levers 21, so
that now the toothed bars 9 will be raised rapidly and they will be pressed against
the beams 1 and their downward motion will be stopped or retarded. This will be
independent of the downfall of the cage. The latter however being free to fall,
will for a very short period of time, a few seconds only, accelerate its speed and
the inclined planes of the fixed toothed bars 7 will force themselves upon the
inclined planes of the teeth 9; the connecting bars 8 helping at the same time to
press the bars 9 against the beams and thus the fall of the cage will come to an
allmost sudden and safe stoppage.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1.) In lifts for warhouses, mines and the like where loads are to be raised or
lowered from one place to another the arrangement of a safety apparatus consisting
of vertical toothed bars fixed to the cage, and working together with corresponding
toothed bars held in loose connection with the cage, so that they can move laterally
and vertically to, a certain extent with regard to each other, the loose toothed bars
being so placed between the frame of the cage and the upright guide beams of the
latter, that they can be pressed against the guide beams, by the said fixed toothed
bars gliding along the oblique sides of the said loose toothed bars, so that the latter,
which may have their sides facing the guide beams roughened, act like brakes and
prevent the going down of the lifts.
2.) In a lift as before described the combination of the toothed bars B and B'
with a suspending rod D, levers, L and L' and rollers N and N' respectively, and
with a rod I being connected to the said rod D and working upon levers O and O' and
rollers and Qrespectively at top of the cage, so as to press the bars B' against
the uprights, when the rods D and 1 are free to fall by their own weight; springs U
and V supporting thereby the action of the rods D and I upon the levers L, L'
and O, O¹.*
3.) The arrangement of the reserve gear acting together with the brake described,
and consisting of a lever l, joined to the prolongation of the bar I and causing a
roller n to be pressed against the guide beam A, and turning screw spindles r, in
consequence, which are fitted with nuts s actuating levers t and t', which by means
of connecting rods v and v³ respectively, press blocks and ¹ or shoes y and y¹
either against the toothed bars B₁ or against the upright beams A direct.
4.) In a lift as specified under 1 with fixed toothed bars 7 and loose toothed
bars 9 between the cage and uprights, the combination of a spring 13, and of a
piece 14 supporting the spring and being held itself by the suspension bolt 12, and
having arms 15 and 15, that are connected to double armed levers 17, and by their
means also to weighted levers 21. These levers causing the loose toothed bar to be
raised and pressed against the upright beams when a rope breaks, so that their
downward motion is somewhat retarded in consequence of which the fixed toothed
bars glide along the loose bars and press against them with the full weight and
inertia of the falling cage thus causing also the stoppage of the latter.
Dated this 7th day of December 1892.
KARL J. MAYER,
Agent for W. Lessing.