Improvements in Lamps, and Devices in connection therewith.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 21st July, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 20th Apr., 1895-Accepted, 20th July, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps, and Devices in connection therewith.
I GEORGE WOOLLISCROFT of Grange West Kirby in the County of Chester
Ironmonger and HERBERT GARLAND of South Road West Kirby in the County
of Chester Mechanician do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has for its object certain improvements in lamps both for lighting
heating and cooking purposes, and cousists in certain novel means for increasing the
supply of air to the burner, by means of two fans and an Archimedian worm of
very light construction, the upper fan is placed directly over the flame, the other
below the reservoir of the lamp, rotating within a circular case or air chamber; the
worm being placed between the two fans revolves at the same time within the
central air tube passing through the lamp fount. The said fans and worm are all
connected by a vertical spindle passing through the centre of each-the lower end
of the said spindle working through a guide upon an agate bearing. The whole of
which are set in motion by the heat arising from the flame acting directly upon the
upper fan, which is made to expand or contract to increase or diminish the speed.
The said fan is encircled by a metal collar or ring, and when at rest may be renioved
if necessary for trimming the wick etc. By the aid of the said fans and worm a
much greater supply of air is forced to the burner through the diffuser, the worm
drawing the air from the lower chamber in which the lower fan revolves, by this
means sufficient air is forced to the burner to cause perfect combustion and to
dispense with the usual chimney or funnel. The upper part of the oil fount is
fitted with a circular cap being fluted at various distances, the larger apertures
being outwards tapering towards the lamp burner, which are used for air passages
for increased draught and keeping the oil fount cool. For safety the fount is
fitted with a loose inner tube surrounding the wick and reaching almost to the
bottom of the fount to prevent outflow of oil if upset. The said tube is provided
with a collar or flange at the upper end, resting when in position on a collar or
flange formed for the purpose at the bottom of the female thread of the burner
screw, and securely fixed when the burner is screwed down on the said collars, the
safety tube being moveable to facilitate cleaning trimming etc. The above
particulars apply to central draught lamps but may be used for duplex or single
wick burners the air being collected and discharged at a given point to effect the
same object. The lamp is so constructed that it may be used for illuminating
purposes or a stove for cooking or heating rooms, when used for the latter purpose
the light is encircled by a globe which is made to hinge back, the globe falling
upon one of the handles attached to the oil fount where it rests.
The gallery upon
which the globe is placed when in a perpendicular position is made without any
perforations to exclude all air from passing under the globe, the flame receiving
a supply of air from the fluted cap surrounding the upper part of the oil fount to
the open space below the lamp burner.
Dated this 20th day of July 1894
GEORGE WOOLLISCROFT.
HERBERT GARLAND.

page_text: Improvements in Lamps, and Devices in connection therewith.
I, GEORGE WOOLLISCROFT of Grange West Kirby in the County of Chester
Ironmonger and HERBERT GARLAND of 4 South Road West Kirby in the
County of Chester Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object certain improvements in lamps both for lighting
heating and cooking purposes, and consists in certain novel means for increasing the
supply of air to the burner, by means of two fans and an Archimedian worm.
The upper fan is placed directly over the flame of the lamp which causes it to
rotate, which imparts-motion to the worm & lower fan. In lamps for illuminating
purposes the lower fan is carried into the central tube which may be connected to
the flame spreader or difuser, for the purpose of removal when necessary. The
upper fan is protected by a metal ring supported from the upper part of the flame
spreader. Connected to the metal ring is a guide with an adjusting screw which
receives the spindle upon which the fan works; the lower part of the said spindle
working in a similar guide connected to the lower perforated part of the flame
spreader. The air which passes up the central tube is driven out through the
perforated part of the flame spreader, outside the said central tube there is an
outer case for the purpose of admiting air which is discharged on the outside of
the lamp flame. The air passing up the said outer tube receives a check by means
of a circular disc encircled by a flange inclining downwards: The said disc
is carried above the upper part of the said outer case: The position of the
said disc is to drive the air with greater' force towards the lamp flame, the
combined current of air' causing a perfect combustion and dispensing with
the ordinary lamp chimney. This arrangement enables the flame of a lamp to
be lowered without giving off any disagreeable smell, on the upper part of the oil
fount is placed: a cap which is fluted at various distances tapering towards the
lamp burner. This is also intended for conveying the air to the outer edge of the
burner and also keeping the oil fount cool. The tube for admitting air which passes
up through the fount is connected at the lower end to the said fount by means
of small pipes for the purpose of supplying oil to the wick from the fount; thus
preventing an outflow should the lamp become upset. The same arrangement applies
to lamps both for heating & cooking purposes, with the exception of the lower fan
being placed underneath the oil fount and working within an air chamber, the air
being driven up the central & outer tube coming into contact with the circular disc.
The said disc being fitted with clips so as a globe or metal cylinder may rest when
in position. The said disc is made to hinge back carrying the globe or cylinder
with it, which rests upon one of the two handles attached to the fount for the
convenience of lifting the said fount!. The disc is made without any perforations
through it excepting the centre to exclude all air from passing underneath the
globe or metal cylinder. It is also intended the disc by a screw arrangement
shall higher or lower the lamp wick, by partly turning the said disc to the right or
left. On the upper part of the globe an additional fan may be placed for the
purpose of distributing the hot air. The said fan may be a fixture or detachable,
if the latter a metal case is provided and fitted with a fan. The heat arrising from
the lamp & globe causes the fan to revolve and distribute the heated.air in various
directions. It is also intended a metal cylinder or other suitable material, may be
substituted in place of a globe if desirable. The upper part of the said cylinder
carrying a fan, the hot air being driven through the upper sides or top, if the latter a
plate is fitted with portions of the metal cnt away, there is also a corresponding plate
which is connected in the centre by a pin, when the upper plate is moved it opens

page_text: or closes the lower one, when closed the hot air is driven through the perforations
on the upper sides of the cylinder, or the hot air may be forced through horizontal
tubes. The disc upon which the globe or metal cylinder rests is mounted on pillars.
instead of the ordinary perforated metal now in use for admitting the air to the
burner. The said perforated metal becomes choked with charred wick which
prevents the air from passing inwards. For flat wick burners two fans are used,
one over the burner & the other working below the oil fount. The said fount
being placed within a cup or basket being mounted on a stand, or may be suspended
from the ceiling or held by a bracket. The arrangement for conveying the air to
the burner from the lower fan is by means of an air space being left between the cup
upon which the fount rests, the air passing under & over the fount towards the
burner. The upper part of the fount is capped so as to conduct the air to a given
point preferably to the slot in the dome which covers the wick. The upper &
lower fan are connected by a vertical spindle, the said spindle passing between the
wicks encased in a small metal tube, & when the upper fan is in motion
imparts the
same to the lower one, the air from which passes upwards as before described.
This invention may be understood by reference to the accompanying drawings
in which
Fig. 1 is a section of the flame spreader or difuser, B a netal ring supported by
two bent arms B 1 from the upper part of the difuser in which works the upper
fan A. The lower fan is also held in position by a bent arm A 1 which extends
cross the mouth of the perforated air tube, the spindle of the said fan working
upon an agate bearing C. The said fan when in motion drives the air with greater
force through the perforations towards the flame when the said difuser is placed in
position see Fig. 5.
Fig. 2 is a section through the oil fount shewing its various attachments. D the
fluted cap which rests upon the surface of the oil fount, being fluted at various
distances air is admitted at various points E E, discharging itself below the disc F
G the vertical
and passing upwards towards the outside of the lamp flame at F 1.
spindle carrying the Archimedian worm and the upper & lower fan. G 1 is the
lower fan which works within an air chamber G 2, the air from the revolving fan
passing up the central tube G 3 and the outer case HH meeting the air which
passes through the fluted cap D, the whole being checked by the circular disc F
forces the air to the flame at a given point F1 causing perfect combustion and
dispensing with the ordinary lamp chimney, J J are two metal tubes for conveying
the oil to the wick encased in the tube G 3, by this means the oil cannot escape
should the lamp become upset, when the lamp is used for heating purposes a
large globe is placed over the lamp and rests on the disc F Fig. 3. K shows the
globe in position, the upper part of which is fitted with a metal coronet K 1, the
globe being made to hinge back see Fig. 4. The said coronet is intended to receive
a heat radiator which consists of a metal cylinder see Fig. 3 K2 containing a
fau K 3 working on a vertical spindle which rests upon suitable bearings the
heat arrising from the flame within the globe K Fig. 3 imparts motion to the fan
contained in the cylinder & drives the heat in various directions with advantage.
Fig. 5 is a lamp shewn mounted upon a stand L, the upper part of the said stand
being left open L 1, for the purpose of admitting air to the central tube G 3, &
the outer case H H. The flame spreader is intended to be removed when necessary
for trimming purposes as shewn in Fig. The fluted cap DD and the disc F are
similar to Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shews the globe hinged back-the globe resting upon
the handles as before described. Fig. 6 is the cylinder containing the fan, the said
cylinder resting upon the coronet shewing the disconnection from the upper part of
the globe, see Fig. 3 K1 & K 2. Fig. 7 is a section of a perforated cylinder,
which may take the place of the globe K Fig. 3, the upper part of which carries
a fan M for the purpose of distributing the heat through the top or sides, if the
latter the top is closed by means of two metal plates joined together in the centre,
portions of the metal being cut away, when the upper plate is moved it opens or
closes the lower one. If closed the heat is forced through the perforations in the

page_text: sides of the upper portion. Fig. 8 shews the exterior view of the cylinder.
Fig. 9 shews a lamp with a flat wick burner mounted upon a stand N the upper
part of the said stand carrying a cup or basket, the air being admitted to the said
cup from the bottom of the stand N 1, which passes upwards to the fount N 2.
The air is then driven upwards by the fan O, the air passing around the fount
from that point, discharges itself through the slot in the dome 01. The fan 02
is connected by a spindle N 3, which passes through a metal tube to the lower one.
The heat arrising from the flame, drives the upper one which imparts motion to
the lower one. The fan O2 may be lifted from its position for trimming purposes,
as shewn at Fig. 10. The metal ring 04 contains the fan held in position by an
adjusting screw passing through a guide across the ring supported by the bent
arms 05.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion & in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1
First. The combination of parts substantially as and for the purpose set forth
& indicated herein before and in and by the accompanying drawings.
Secondly. The means employed in providing sufficient air by means of revolving
fans driven by heat & an Archimedian worm to enable the flame of a lamp to burn
brilliantly without the aid of an ordinary lamp chimney, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth & indicated.
Thirdly. The mode of conducting the air through various passages to meet the
flame at a given point, to cause perfect combustion, substantially as & for the
purpose set forth & indicated.
Fourthly. In providing additional means for distributing the heat when
generated, in various directions & controlling the same substantially as & for the
purpose set forth & indicated. And
Lastly. The employment of various devices connected with the whole, to
prevent an explosion from being overheated or upset, substantially as set forth &
indicated.
Dated this 19th day of April 1895
GEORGE WOOLLISCROFT.
HERBERT GARLAND.