Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 25th May, 1888
RES
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 30th Mar., 1889
I FREDERIC SMITH of Caledonia Works Halifax in the County of York Wire
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to that class of wire drawing machines in which a single
wire is reduced in diameter by drawing it through a series of dies by means of a
series of drawing through pulleys driven at gradually increasing surface speeds froin
the swift to the winding on drum or wire drawers block and the object of my
improvements is to increase the production and simplify the cost and construction of
such machines.
In carrying my Invention into effect I propose to pass several wires through the
machine simultaneously instead of passing a single wire only as at present. Each
wire is run off from a separate swift and the first set of dies, there being one die for
each wire, is placed between the swifts and the first drawing through pulley. All the
wires pass round the drawing through pulley which is made sufficiently wide to
accommodate them and thence to the second set of dies and the next drawing through
pulley and so on through the machine alternately through a set of dies and round a
drawing through pulley. From the last drawing through pulley the wires are guided
to separate winding on drums. The drawing through pulleys are driven at gradually
increasing surface speeds by any suitable means.
A convenient arrangement of gearing for driving the drawing through pulleys
and winding on drums consists of a driving shaft supported in bearings on the
machine frame and on this shaft are a number of bevel wheels one to drive each
drawing through pulley shaft at varying speeds increasing in speed from the first to
the last drawing through pulley; there are also pulleys on this driving shaft from
each of which pulleys a belt is taken round a pulley on one of the winding on drums
31

page_text: the speed of which is adjusted to suit that of the last drawing through pulley. In
place of driving the drawing through pulleys by bevel wheels as before described I
wish it to be understood that the shafts of these pulleys may be driven by belts by
friction gearing or other suitable means and instead of driving the drawing through
pulleys at varying speeds they might all be driven at one speed and be made of
varying diameters increasing progressively toward the finishing end of the machine.
I prefer to use a trough containing lubricating material below the dies and drawing
through pulleys and to put flanges on the latter which run in the lubricant and carry
some of it up which is guided in any convenient manner on to the wire or the dies;
or any other suitable lubricating device may be employed.
1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of Wire Drawing and in the Machinery
therefor.
I FREDERIO SMITH of Caledonia Works, Halifax in the County of York, Wire
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My improvements relate to that class of wire drawing machines in which a single
wire is reduced in diameter by drawing it through a series of dies by means of a
series of drawing through pulleys driven at gradually increasing surface speeds from the
swift to the winding on drum or wire drawers' block and the object of my improve-
ments is to increase the production and simplify the cost and construction of such
machines.
In carry my invention into effect I propose to pass several wires through the
macliine simultaneously instead of passing a single wire only as at present. Each
wire is run off from a separate swift and the first set of dies, there being one die for
each wire, is placed between the swifts and the first drawing through pulley. All the
wires pass round the drawing through pulley which is made sufficiently wide to
accommodate them and thence to the second set of dies and the next drawing through
pulley and so on through the machine alternately through a set of dies and round a
drawing through pulley. From the last drawing through pulley the wires are guided
to separate winding on drums.
The drawing through pulleys are driven at gradually increasing surface speeds by
any suitable means.
A convenient arrangement of gearing for driving the drawing through pulleys
and winding on drums consists of a driving shaft supported in bearings on the machine
frame and on this shaft are a number of bevel wheels one to drive each drawing
through pulley shaft at varying speeds increasing in speed from the first to the
last drawing through pulley; there are also pulleys on this driving shaft from each
of which pulleys a belt is taken round a pulley on one of the winding on drums the
speed of which is adjusted to suit that of the last drawing through pulley.
In place of driving the drawing through pulleys by hevel wheels as before
described I wish it to be understood that the shafts of these pulleys may be driven
by belts, by friction gearing, or other suitable means and instead of driving the
drawing through pulleys at varying speeds they might all be driven at one speed but
be made of varying diameters increasing progressively towards the finishing end of
the machine.
I prefer to use a trough containing lubricating material below the dies and drawing
through pulleys and to put flanges on the latter which run in the lubricant and carry
some of it up which is guided in any convenient manner on to the wire or the dies;
or any other suitable lubricating device may be employed.

page_text: And in order that my invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect I will describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings reference being had to
the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a side elevation and Figure 2 is a plan of a machine enibodying my
improvements and constructed to draw four wires simultaneously through a series of
six dies or holes.
In these views, a designates the draw bench or frame of the machine, bare
two of the swifts on which the coils of wire to be drawn are placed; in the machine
shown as there are four wires to be drawn each wire would be run off from a separate
swift but to avoid reducing the Drawing to a very small scale only two swifts have
been shown; cccccc are the flanged drawing through pulleys which are
mounted respectively on the shafts & d' d' and are driven by means of the
bevel wheels eeeees geared respectively with the bevel wheels fqz f³ ja jo
fixed on the shaft g which receives motion by means of a gear from a gear i
fixed on the main shaft ; which is driven by means of a belt not shown and a pair of
fast and loose pulleys
.
It will be seen on referring to Fig. 2 that the sizes of the two series of bevel gears e
to and to fare so proportioned that the drawing through pulleys are driven at
gradually increasing surface speeds that of the pulley being the slowest and that of
the pulley the quickest.
Each wire is taken from its swift through a guide eye m secured at the feed end of
the draw-bench thence through an eye or slot in the front side of the first lubricating
trough n thence across the trough and through one of the first series of four dies or
draw-holes o which are carried on the back side of the trough n then between a guide
or fork p one of which is secured to the side of the trough behind each die o
thence once or twice around the first drawing through pulley c
The drawing through pulley and each succeeding drawing through pulley is made
broad enough to accommodate all the four wires but instead of having a single broad
pulley it is obvious that four separate pulleys one for each wire might be. secured
upon each shaft d. From the first drawing through pulley e each wire reduced in
sectional area and correspondingly elongated by the first die o passes through-one of
the slots in the side of the second lubricating trough thence through one of the
second series of four dies or draw-holes o' between one of the second scries of guide
forks p and around the second drawing through pulley c¹ the wires having been
further reduced in size and elongated by the second series of dies o¹. In like manner
the wires pass forward alternately through the series of dies 02 03 04 05 and around the
remaining drawing through pulleys ccc between the guide forks p² p³ pt p
the wires being further reduced in size, and elongated by each succeeding series of
dies and this increase in length being compensated for by the correspondingly
increased surface speed of each succeeding drawing through pulley. The wires pass
from the final series of dies over guide pulleys to the four winding-on
drums or wires drawers' blocks 7 each of which is driven by means of a pulleys and
straps from a pulley s² fixed on the shaft g the pulleys s and s² being so proportioned
that the surface speed of the winding-on drums r exceeds that of the last drawing-
through pulley to the extent required to compensate for the elongation of the wires
caused by the final series of dies oº.
To ensure the thorough lubrication of the several wires during the drawing process
I arrange a tank or reservoir t which is full of lubricating liquor and in which the
series of drawing-through pulleys c cl ccc care partially iminersed.
The grooved flanges of these pulleys as they revolve carry up a certain quantity of
the lubricant which is collected from them by a series of tubes or channels u and
conducted into the respective troughs n' to nº.
The first trough is similarly supplied with lubricant by means of two revolving
grooved pulleys and a pair of tubes or channels u¹ the said pulleys v being mounted
on a shaft which is driven by a pulley and a band from a pulley fixed on
the shaft d. The function of the series of forks p to p is to prevent the end of any
wire becoming entangled with the others as a piece runs off.

page_text: The several series of dies o to o' are placed about or below the level of the lubricant
in the troughs so that the dies are kept cool and the wires are thoroughly lubricated
during their passage through the machine and any surplus liquid escapes from the
troughs n back to the reservoir t either through the slots in the front sides of the
troughs n or through the dies or draw holes o.
As an alternate arrangement for raising the lubricant from the reservoir t into the
troughs I might employ instead of flanges on the drawing-through pulloy a series
of chains carrying cups or buckets and arranged to revolve over guides or pulleys
and to raise the lubricant from the reservoir by means of the cups or buckets and
discharge it into open channels leading into the troughs n.
.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a machine for drawing two or more wires and reducing them simultaneously
any required number of sizes the combination, of the swifts b, the series of revolving
drawing-through pulleys c, each pulley being broad enough to accommodate on its
periphery all the wires to be drawn, all the pulleys being driven at gradually
increasing surface speeds from the swifts to the winding on drums -r which are
driven at a still quicker speed by pulleys and belts, the several series of dies or draw
holes o each series of holos being sinaller than the preceding one, the lubrication of
tho wires being preferably effected by immersing the revolving drawing-through
pulleys in lubricant contained in a reservoir and also by immersing the several series
of dies o in lubricant supplied to a series of troughs n, all substantially as herein set
forth, for the purposes specified.
2. The combination with the series of flanged drawing-through pulleyse driven
at varying surface speeds by bevel or other gearing as described and immersed in a
reservoir containing lubricant, of the tubes or channels u and the series of troughs n
substantially as and for the purpose herein described and as shown.
k
3. The combination with the series of lubricating troughs n and the series of dies o,
of the series of guides or forks p and the drawing-through pulleys c substantially as
herein set forth, for the purposes specified.
A
1
1000
.
H. B. BARLOW,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester,
Agent for Applicant.