Improvements in and relating to the Electric Lighting, of Railway Vehicles.
Year: 1895

page_text: .Date of Application, 27th Apr., 1895-Accepted, 29th June, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
1
Improvements in and relating to the Electric Lighting, of
Railway Vehicles.
We, MORRIS MOSKOWITZ, of 353 Bergen Street, Newark, New Jersey,
Inventor and Electrician, LEON DANIEL ADLER, of 86 Park Place, Newark,
New Jersey, Gentleman, ABRAHAM SANFORD ADLER, of 2414 North Broad
Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Gentleman, and THEODORE WALTER
MYERS, of 45 New Street, in the City of New York, Banker and, Broker, all in
the United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of our invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference to improvements in that class .of electrical
apparatus, for generating electricity by means of a dynamo-electric apparatus
mounted on a car-wheel axle, and the invention is designed especially for use with
a dynamo placed and secured on the car-wheel axle in the manner to be hereinafter
more fully set forth.
The invention has for its object to provide a dynamo for this class of work,
having two or more armatures arranged on the car wheel axle and connected in
series, to produce great tension or pressure from a comparatively slowly rotating
car-wheel axle.
It is a well-known fact, that with the variation of speed of a car-wheel axle,
often running at a very low speed, as for instance, in nearing railway stations; in
order to produce sufficient tension, a dynamo of large proportion of parts and hence
great weight is necessary. This renders the use of an ordinary dynamo on.the
car wheel axle for electric lighting purposes impracticable, on account of the small
space available upon the truck underneath the car. To overcome this difficulty,
comparatively small armatures, connected in series, ou a tubing, preferably of
brass; are readily slipped on the car-wheel axle and secured thereon.
A further object of the invention is to provide a dynamo having its armature
wires loosely arranged in rubber or other like insulating material, which forms a
cushion support for each wire, and thoroughly insulates and protects the wires
from rubbing against one another,, as is ordinarily the case in the common, wire
coverings,now used. This prevents the short circuiting of the armature wires and
hence does not render the dynamo useless.
The invention is therefore designed to furnish a simple and effective apparatus,
and consists in the details of construction and combinations of parts to be
hereinafter particularly specified and finally embodied in the clauses, of the claim.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of the dynamo, embodying the principles of this
invention, clearly illustrating the manner of connecting the armatures: in-series
and showing in connection therewith, in the main circuit operating lamps and.a
storage battery.
Figure 2 is a general plan of the truck in part and the dynamo mounted on; the
car wheel axle.
Figure 3 is an end elevation of the truck and dynamo, and Figure 4,is a vertical
section on line in said Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a perspective view, and (Figure 6 a cross section of one of the
cushion-supported armature wires.

page_text: In said drawings, A is the car wheel truck, a, a, the equalizing bars, and a¹ the
cross beam at the end of the truck, connecting the bars a, a.
C is the dynamo which supplies the electrical energy for operating the lamps b
or other devices on the car and also for charging the battery. The dynamo,
which is mounted on the ear wheel' axle a², comprises therein two or more armature
coils c, c, which are preferably arranged on a tube d, slipped over the car wheel
axle, as shown, and provided with suitable commutators c', c. Suitable frame-
sections.e and e¹ provided with portions and bolts e for loosely bolting said
sections on the car-wheel axle, form the fields of any number of armature coils c.
The brushes ff, are suitably secured to said. frame-sections e and e¹, either on the
parte, or in any other well known manner, and are in operative contact with the
commutators, as will be understood from an inspection of the drawings.
3
.
The field magnets g, g are on the outside of the frame-sections e and e¹, and said
sections are supported by means of powerful springs h connected with the timbers
of the truck, substantially as illustrated in Figure 2. This permits a swinging
motion of the framework of the dynamo, but still prevents the turning of the
dynamo on the axle and hence retains the dynamo at all times in its operative
working position.
"
The wiring of the armatures and the field magnets will be clearly seen from
Figure 1, the circuit wires i, i, connecting each brush in each armature in shunt
circuit, while the wires i, connect the several armatures on the car wheel axle in
series, as clearly indicated in Figure 1. Furthermore, each field magnet has a
differential or compound winding, whereby the counter winding will counteract the
excess of energy due to the increase of armature speed, when the train is moving
rapidly, as will be understood.
As has been previously stated, the armature wires are arranged in a cushion of
insulating material, such as rubber tubing or the like, so that when wound, each
wire will be cushioned against its neighbour and no amount of friction caused by
the oscillation of the dynamo on the truck frame, will wear off the insulation to
cause short circuiting, as is invariably the case with the ordinary insulation, when
the dynamos are used in connection with the car wheel axle for lighting railway
trains.
Of course it will be evident, that any number of armatures connected in series
may be used in connection with one field frame, the field magnets of which are
arranged, substantially as illustrated and described. It will also be understood,
that in connection with the invention, any of the well known forms of pole changers
may be used, acting automatically or otherwise, whereby the current can be made
to travel in either direction, according in which direction the railway car is being
propelled.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a system for electrically lighting railway cars, in combination, with the
car-axle, frame sections e and e' having bearing portions and bolts e³ for securing
said sections to the car wheel axle, field magnets g on the outside of said frame
sections, and two or more armatures arranged and wound on said axle and
connected in series or tension, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. In a system for electrically lighting railway cars, in combination, with the car
axle, frame-sections e and el having bearing portions e and bolts ed for securing said
sections to the car wheel axle, field magnets g. on the outside of said frame sections,
springs as h, connecting said frame-sections with the truck frame, and two or more
armatures arranged and wound on said axle and connected in series or tension,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. In a system for electrically lighting railway cars, in combination, with the
car axle, frame sections e and e¹ having bearing portions e² and bolts e³ for securing
said sections to the car wheel axle, a tube d on the car wheel axle between the

page_text: bearing portions of said frame sections, field maguets on the outside of said frame
sections, and two or more armatures arranged and wound on said tube d and
connected in series or tension, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
4. In a system for electrically lighting railway cars, in combination with the
car axle, frame sections e and e¹ having bearing portions e and bolts e for securing
said sections to the car wheel axle, a tube d on the car wheel axle between the
bearing portions of said frame sections, field magnets g on the outside of said frame
sections, springs, as h, connecting said frame sections with the truck frame, and
two or more armatures arranged and wound on said tube d and connected in series
or tension, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
5. In the herein described dynamo adapted to be mounted on a car-wheel axle,
an armature winding, having the wires thereof cushion-supported and insulated, in
the manner, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 19th day of Anril 1895
MORRIS MOSKOWITZ.
LEON DANIEL ADLER.
ABRAHAM SANFORD ADLER.
THEODORE WALTER MYERS.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45. Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.