IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AXLES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Moses Hale, of Dudley, in the County o
Worcester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AXLES."
Scaled the 7th July 1871, and dated the 12th January 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Moses Hale at the
Office of the Commissioners of. Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th January 1871.
I, MOSES HALE, of Dudley, in the County of Worcester, do hereby,
declare the nature of the said Invention. for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE
AXLES," to be as follows:-
The first part of my Invention relates to the shape of the axle, which
is. not equal in diameter throughout as is now usual, but according to
my Invention it has its greatest diameter in the centre, tapering from
thenco to each end. By this improved construction I'am enabled to
prevent occillation, and the leathers now generally employed to prevent
such occillation are rendered unnecessary.
་
ד.

page_text: box. An aperture is made in the centre of the said cap, which is so
shaped as to prevent the oil from running out after being once placed
within it. This is effected by raising or turning over the inner rim of
the said cap so that the oil may remain within the outer and inner
rim.
The third part of my Invention consists in forming a thread on the
outside of the box, by which means the said box is securely screwed in
the hub. In this manner the hub is strengthened and the box is fixed
into its required position with much greater facility than at present.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Moses Hale in the Great Scal Patent Office on the
12th July 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MOSES
HALE, of Dudley, in the County of Worcester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-one in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Moses Hale, Her special licence that I, the
said Moses Hale, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Moses Hale, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term tlierein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ircland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AXLES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Moses Hale, my executors.
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Moses Hale, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the same is to
_

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
The first part of my Invention relates to the shape of the axle, which
is not equal in diameter throughout, as is usual, but according to my
Invention it has its greatest diameter in the centre, tapering from thence
to each end. By this improved construction I am enabled to prevent
oscillation, and the leathers now generally employed to prevent such
oscillation are rendered unnecessary.
The second part of my Invention relates to the oil cup provided in
my improved axle, and which consists substantially of a cap affixed to
the box. An aperture is made in the centre of the said cap, which is so
shaped as to prevent the oil from running out after being once placed
within it. This is effected by raising or turning over the inner rim of
the said cap so that the oil may remain within the outer and inner rim.
The third part of my Invention consists in forming a thread on the
outside of the box, by which means the said box is securely screwed in
the hub. In this manner the hub is strengthened, and the box is fixed
in its required position with much greater facility than at present.
That my Invention may be better understood I have provided the
Drawings hereunto annexed, which I now proceed to describe.
•
a is
Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 illustrate the first part of my Invention.
the axle, shewn within the axle box in Fig. 1 and separately in Fig 3.
Instead of being parallel, as is usually the case, its form is that of two
concs united at their bases, the two ends b and c being of less diameter
than the middle d. The front end e of the axle box f has a conical
interior, within which the front end of the axle revolves. The part c
of the axle revolves within a separate bush g, which is shewn separately
in Figs. 4. and 5. The bush g is made in two picces halved longi-
tudinally, as seen in Fig. 5. Externally it is parallel and fits within the
parallel part of the axle box f, being held there by three set screws,
one of which is shown at i, tapped through the side of the axle box.
Internally the bush g is tapered to fit the part c of the axle. A groove k
is formed around the bush for the insertion of india-rubber or other
suitable packing.
The second part of my Invention is shewn in Figs. 1, 6, 7, and 8,
where is a cap fitted upon the outer end of the axle box f. Projecting
internally from the cap is a tube or mouthpiece m having its larger
diameter placed inwards, as seen in Fig. 6. Through this mouthpiece

page_text: oil can be introduced when required, the plug n being first pulled out-
wards to allow the spout of the oil can. to be inserted. The spiral
spring o acting upon the cross plate p.and screw. 7. effectually closes the
mouthpiece by drawing back the plug.n when the oil can has been
withdrawn. But apart from the action of the plug n the aforesaid bell-
mouthed tube m prevents the escape of the oil through the orifice of the
cap 1.
The third part of my Invention is shewn in Figs. 1, 2, and 9, where
s is the screw thread formed upon the exterior of the axle box f, the
leading thread being cut and sharpened as at t, t. in Fig. 9, so as to cut
its way into the hub of the wheel into which it is to be inserted.. Two
flat surfaces u, u, afford the means of applying a wrench or spanner in.
order to screw the axle box firmly into the hub..
Having now described the nature of my said. Invention, and the
manner in which the same is or may be performed, I desire it to be
understood that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. Constructing carriage axles in such manner that their greatest
diameter may be at their middle, tapering from thence to each end.
Second. Providing the cap affixed to the box of the kind and de-
scription shewn, which may serve as an oil cup.
Third. Forming a screw thread on the exterior of the axle box, the
leading thread being cut and sharpened so as to cut its way into the hub.
of the wheel into which it is to be inserted, substantially as before
described and illustrated in the Drawings hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Moses Hale, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this 10th day of July, 1871.
Witness,
G. R. HOLLAND,
Patent Office,':
Birmingham.
MOSES HALE.. (L.S.)