Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Rivets, Bolts, and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 9th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 11th Nov., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Rivets, Bolts,
and the like.
I, JOHN WILLIAM WAILES, of 8, Marine Avenue, Whitley, in the County of
Northumberland, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide apparatus whereby rivets, bolts and
like articles which are required to have a head of different diameter to the shank
can be rapidly and accurately formed and finely finished without injury to the
strength of the metal.
For these purposes I make use of a roll free to rotate and carried in bearings
excentrically to a concave die or plate. The blank to form the rivets or the like
is fed in between the roll and die and the shanks in passing through are thereby
rolled to the desired size. The roll and die are also formed or provided with
grooves and projections or tools in certain positions whereby the heads of the
rivets are formed and separated as the blank passes between the roll and die.
The projections or tools are preferably. movable so that they may be adjusted or
renewed when worn. The grooves and projections are so shaped and proportioned
that space is always left for the metal of the blank being rolled to flow, thus
preventing jamming of the apparatus. In order to keep the axis of the blank
parallel to that of the roll I make use of a guide or guides free to rotate round
the axis of the roll, and passing between the roll and the die on each side of the
blank. The guide may be formed as a drum surrounding the roll and having
apertures for receiving the blanks, or separate guides may be employed geared
together by toothed wheels and a secondary shaft.
0 T
1000
Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Rivets, Bolts,
and the like.
I, JOHN WILLIAM WAILES, of 8, Marine Avenue, Whitley, in the County of
Northumberland, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompany-
ing drawings:
-
The object of this invention is to provide apparatus whereby rivets, bolts and

page_text: like articles which are required to have a head of different diameter to the shank
can be rapidly and accurately formed and finely finished without injury to the
strength of the metal.
For these purposes I make use of a roll free to rotate and carried in bearings
excentrically to a concave die or plate. The blank to form the rivets or the like
is fed in between the roll and die and the shanks in passing through are thereby
rolled to the desired size. The roll and die are also formed or provided with
grooves and projections or tools in certain positions whereby the heads of the
rivets are formed and separated as the blank passes between the roll and die.
The projections or tools are preferably movable so that they may be adjusted or
renewed when worn. The grooves and projections are so shaped and proportioned
that space is always left for the metal of the blank being rolled to flow, thus
preventing jamming of the apparatus. In order to keep the axis of the blank
parallel to that of the roll I make use of a guide or guides free to rotate round
the axis of the roll, and passing between the roll and the die on each side of the
blank. The guide may be formed as a drum surrounding the roll and having
apertures for receiving the blanks, or separate guides may be employed geared
together by toothed wheels and a secondary shaft.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation and Fig. 2 is a side elevation part of the framing
being removed, of a machine for rolling rivets constructed according to my
invention. Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are cross sectional views showing the form
of the rivet blank at seven different positions (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, on Fig. 2) in its
passage through the machine. a is a roll formed with or mounted on an axle
free to revolve in bearings in the frame c. d is a concave die or plate preferably
formed in two halves rivetted together through distance pieces by rivets e and
attached to the frame c by bolts and nuts for in other convenient way. The con-
cave plate may be made solid if desired. The roll and concave plate are arranged
excentrically to each other as shown, and gare set screws for adjusting the con-
cave plate to the desired position which should be such that the space between
the roll and plate at the top h is just sufficient to receive the blank whilst the
space at the bottom i is equal to the diameter of the shank of the finished rivet.
The set screws g pass through bars g' connected to or supported by the frame c.
The roll a is formed with grooves having, preferably, in cross section the slope
of the finished head of the rivet but provided with secondary grooves to allow
spreading of any excess of metal there may be in the blank and thus prevent
jamming of the machine. 1, 11, 12, 13, are adjustable tools forming, with the inner
edges of the two halves of the concave plate, grooves and projections opposite
the grooves in the roll a. The tools are preferably secured in position in the
concave plate by the set screws m but any convenient means of securing or
adjusting them may be employed. n are guides for the rivet blank. The guides
are secured to two toothed wheels o free to revolve loosely on the axle b of the
roll. p are toothed wheels fixed to a secondary shaft and gearing into the
wheels o so that both wheels o revolve at the same speed and therefore a rivet
blank placed between the guides n is always kept parallel to the axis of the roll.
The shaft is driven from a pulley by a belt passing round a pulley s loose
on the shaft but driving it in one direction by a pawl t taking into a ratchet
wheel u fixed on the shaft. If the roll carries the blank faster through the
machine than the normal speed of the guides the pawl and ratchet allow the
shaft to rotate freely, at the same time the guides always keep the blank parallel
to the roll. If desired the roll may be made hollow and water or other cooling
fluid passed through it in any convenient way to prevent such roll getting too
hot. The roll is caused to rotate by power applied to the axle bin any convenient
manner. The action of the machine is as follows: A rivet blank is placed
between the guides say from a hopper as shown; the roll is set in motion and
the guides carry the blank between the roll and concave plate at h where it is

page_text: gripped and carried forward by the revolution of the roll, the guides continuing
to travel with it and keep it straight. Those parts of the blank between the side
portions of the concave plate and roll are gradually reduced and extended later-
ally so as to form the shanks a¹ of the rivets; and that part of the blank opposite
the grooves j, which is to form the rivet heads is gradually upset and partly
divided by the tools l,, as shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6; then the sides of the rivet
heads are formed by the tool as shown in Figs. 7 and 8; and finally the heads.
of the rivets are separated from each other by the tool as shown in Fig. 9. The
finished rivets then leave the machine at i. It is to be observed that the cross
sectional area of the grooves in the roll and plate is at all points greater than
the corresponding area of that part of the blank from which the rivet heads are
to be formed so that space is always left into which any excess of metal in the
heads can flow thus preventing jamming of the blank between the roll and plate.
The preferred cross sectional form of the faces of the tools 1, 1, 12, 13, is clearly
shown in Figs. 4 to 9 and these tools may easily be removed for sharpening or
renewal by means of the set screws m. Rivets or bolts with other shaped heads
than those shown may be formed in the machine, the faces of the tools
being shaped accordingly. The concave plate is adjusted sideways by the set
nuts and screws v.
I do not confine myself to the particular arrangements above described as it
will be obvious various modifications may be made without departing from the
nature of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
First. In apparatus for rolling rivets and the like, the combination of a roll
and concave plate having grooves therein, and removable tools forming projections
in the groove in the concave plate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Second. In apparatus for rolling rivets and the like the combination with a
roll and concave plate having grooves therein and tools or projections in the con-
cave plate, of a guide or guides for the rivet or other blank substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
Third. In apparatus for rolling rivets and the like the combination of a roll
having grooves therein, a concave plate having grooves therein opposite the
grooves in the roll, and tools or projections in the grooves in the concave plate,
the grooves and projections being so arranged that the space between shall at all
points be of greater area than the heads of the rivets or bolts substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
1000