A New or Improved Ice Making Machine.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Aug., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 31st May, 1898-Accepted, 9th July, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Ice Making Machine.
I, PIETRO SYLVA, of 3, St. George's Avenue, Aldermanbury, in the City of
London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has for object a machine for manufacturing ice.
According to this invention I avail myself of the heat absorbing properties
possessed by chloride of ethyl in a liquid state when passing in the state of a gas.
Chloride of ethyl or hydrochloric ether is the most suitable known substance
for use in the manufacture of ice. It boils at a temperature of 11° C. and the
tension of this vapour at a normal temperature of 15° C. is very low thereby
rendering it very suitable for employment in a lightly constructed machine.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:--
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a machine constructed according to my inven-
tion.
Figure 2 is a plan of the machine;
Figure 3 is a vertical section of a detail; and,
Figure 4 is a view of the water freezing cylinder.
a and b are two cylinders communicating with one another by the tube j and
mounted on a support or plate f.
The cylinder a contains a piston c actuated by the connecting rod d driven from
the crank shaft w³ (Figure 2) rotated by means of the hand wheel w and handle w¹.
The piston c is constructed of a metal body to which is secured a cylinder of
leather so as to form a chamber into which air at a suitable pressure is pumped.
Glycerine is introduced into the cylinder a in such quantity that the tube j is
filled with it and that a certain quantity flows into the cylinder b.
On the top of the cylinder I arrange two valves, one being a suction and the
other a compression valve. The suction valve u communicates with the tube i,
whilst the compression valve communicates with the tube ¹.
Sides k, kare secured to the plate f so as to form a box or chamber in which
is fixed a plate q forming with the bottom of the box k a chamber o.
Tubes m, m
are fixed upon the plate q and through each tube m there passes a small tube n,
the said tubes n, n communicating with a chamber p.
All the tubes m communicate at one end with the chamber o, their other ends
being closed.
The box or chamber is provided with a wood jacket and underneath the said
box I arrange a second box or chamber t containing a spiral wound round a
cylinder s. The box t is arranged so as to receive water and discharge it.
Chloride of ethyl is a very light gas; in the liquid state its density is one third
that of water so that precaution must be taken to make the apparatus sufficiently
hermetic to prevent the loss of any of the chloride. To this end all the parts of
the apparatus are carefully screwed and soldered together.

page_text: Figure 3 is a vertical section through one of the parts h arranged at the upper
part of the apparatus. As shewn it comprises a box formed of the two parts
1 and 2. 5 is the inlet, 4 is the outlet, 7 is a valve actuated by the screw 8, the
hand wheel 6 and the spindle 9.
Between the parts 1 and 2 and forming a diaphram through which passes the
spindle 9 is a strip 3 of corrugated steel so as to make the dévice perfectly air
tight. In the box k I arrange a cylinder communicating with an opening z and
being fixed on a shaft passing through the bottom of the box k. The said shaft
is rotated in a stuffing box by a pulley driven by the pulley on the shaft 2. The
cylinder has wound helically round it a web forming an Archimedean screw.
The box is filled with water saturated with chloride of calcium, and when
the cylinder rotates it efficiently mixes the liquid in the said box k, the coolest
liquid being always driven from the bottom to the top. It is into this cylinder v
that the water to be frozen is introduced.
When a block of ice is formed it is removed from the cylinder by the ordinary
process employed in ice machines.
My apparatus is employed as follows:-Chloride of ethyl is introduced into the
cylinders and the spiral r. The tubes m and the box o are partially exhausted
of air by the pump a the glycerine in the cylinder b, the valve u and the tube i
which is in connection with the chamber p.
By opening a cock between the chamber o and the cylinder s part of the
chloride of ethyl will flow into the vessel o and the tubes m, all the tubes m being
bathed in the chloride of calcium solution which fills the box k.
If the communication between the cylinders and the chamber o be cut off and
the pump a be operated the action of the said pump on the glycerine will force
this liquid to move up and down in the cylinder so that with the aid of the
valve na suction action is created in the tubes m. The chloride of ethyl will
give off vapours. These vapours are forced from the pump back to the cylinder s
through the tube I and the compression valve. The said vapours will have to
pass through the spiral and be cooled by water flowing in the box t. Under
the double action of cooling and compression the vapours will be forced into the
cylinders in the liquid state. The absorption of heat by the vaporisation of
the chloride of ethyl will rapidly bring the temperature of the chloride of cal-
cium below the freezing point and a block of ice will be formed in the cylinder v.
When the operation is to be repeated more chloride of ethyl is introduced
into the box o from the cylinders and so on. In my machine the only expense
is that of the mechanical work involved as the chloride of ethyl successively
goes through the same cycle, viz, it is vaporised in the tubes m and condensed
in the spiral r and the cylinder s.
A New or Improved Ice Making Machine.
I, PIETRO SYLVA, of 3, St. George's Avenue, Aldermanbury, in the City of
London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has for obiect machine for manufacturinin

page_text: According to this invention I avail myself of the heat absorbing properties
possessed by chloride of ethyl in a liquid state when passing into the state of a gas
Chloride of ethyl or hydrochloric ether is the most suitable known substance
for use in the manufacture of ice. It boils at a temperature of 11° C. and the
tension of its vapour at a normal temperature of 15° C. is very low thereby
rendering it very suitable for employment in a lightly constructed machine.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same by
reference to the drawings, filed with my Provisional Specification, and in which ;-
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a machine constructed according to my inven-
tion;
Figure 2 is a plan of the machine:
Figure 3 is a vertical section of a detail; and,
Figure 4 is a view of the water freezing cylinder.
a and b are two cylinders communicating with one another by the tube j and
mounted on a support or plate f.
The cylinder a contains a piston c actuated by the connecting rod d driven from
the crank shaft w² (Figure 2) rotated by means of the hand wheel w and handle w¹.
- The piston c is constructed of a metal body to which is secured a cylinder of
leather so as to form a chamber into which air at a suitable pressure is pumped.
Glycerine is introduced into the cylinder a in such quantity that the tube j is
filled with it and that a certain quantity flows into the cylinder b.
On the top of the cylinder 6 I arrange two valves, one being a suction and the
other a compression valve. The suction valve u communicates with the tube i,
whilst the compression valve communicates with the tube i¹.
Sides k, k are secured to the plate f so as to form a box or chamber in which
is fixed a plate 9 forming with the bottom of the box ka chamber o.
Tubes m, m are fixed upon the plate 9 and through each tube m there passes a
small tube n, the said tubes n, n cominunicating with a chamber p.
All the tubes m communicate at one end with the chamber o, 'their other ends
being closed.
The box or chamber is provided with a wood jacket and underneath the said
box I arrange a second box or chamber t containing a spiral wound round a
cylinder s. The box t is arranged so as to receive water and discharge it.
Chloride of ethyl is a very light gas; in the liquid state its density is one third
that of water so that precaution must be taken to make the apparatus sufficiently
hermetic to prevent the loss of any of the chloride. To this end all the parts of
the apparatus are carefully screwed and soldered together.
Figure 3 is a vertical section through one of the parts h arranged at the upper
part of the apparatus. As shewn it comprises a box formed of the two parts
1 and 2. 5 is the inlet, 4 is the outlet, 7 is a valve actuated by the screw 8, the
hand wheel 6 and the spindle 9.
Between the parts 1 and 2 and forming a diaphragm through which passes the
spindle 9 is a strip 3 of corrugated steel so as to make the device perfectly air
tight. In the box k I arrange a cylinder & communicating with an opening z and
being fixed on a shaft passing through the bottom of the box k. The said shaft
is rotated in a stuffing box by a pulley driven by the pulley on the shaft w². The
cylinder has wound helically round it a web forming an Archimedean screw.
The box is filled with water saturated with chloride of calcium, and when
the cylinder votates it efficiently mixes the liquid in the said box k, the coolest
liquid being always driven from the bottom to the top. It is into this cylinder v
that the water to be frozen is introduced.
When a block of ice is formed it is removed from the cylinder by the ordinary
process employed in ice machines.
My apparatus is employed as follows:-Chloride of ethyl is introduced into the
cylinders and the spiral r. The tubes m and the box o are partially exhausted
of air by the pump a the glycerine in the cylinder b, the valve u and the tube i
which is in connection with the chamber p.

page_text: By opening a cock between the chamber o and the cylinders part of the
chloride of ethyl will flow into the vessel o and the tubes m all the tubes m being
bathed in the chloride of calcium solution which fills the box k.
Under
If the communication between the cylinders and the chamber o be cut off and
the pump a be operated the action of the said pump on the glycerine will force
this liquid to move up and down in the cylinder b so that with the aid of the
valve na suction action is created in the tubes m. The chloride of ethyl will
give off vapours. These vapours are forced from the pump back to the cylinder s
through. the tube I and the compression valve. The said vapours will have to
pass through the spiral r and be cooled by water flowing in the box t.
the double action of cooling and compression the vapours will be forced into the
cylinders in the liquid state. The absorption of heat by the vaporisation of
the chloride of ethyl will rapidly bring the temperature of the chloride of cal-
cium below the freezing point and a block of ice will be formed in the cylinder v.
When the operation is to be repeated more chloride of ethyl is introduced
into the box o from the cylinder s and so on. In my machine the only expense
is that of the mechanical work involved as the chloride of ethyl successively
goes through the same cycle, viz, it is vaporised in the tubes m and condensed
in the spiral and the cylinder s.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A machine for making ice operating with chloride of ethyl comprising a
condenser, a tubular vaporiser and a special double cylinder pump and valve
constructed as described, the whole being combined, arranged and operating
substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The manufacture and use of the improved ice making machine herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
DL1
1000
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.