Improvements in Pumps.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Aug., 1898-Accepted, 10th Sept., 1898
Engineer, of Irvington, in the County of Westchester and State of New York,
United States of America.]
Improvements in Pumps.
I, PHILIP ARTHUR NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved pump, which is preferably a vertical pump,
and adapted especially for use as a sinking pump in mining operations, where it is
often necessary to sink a deep small shaft, the especial objects of the invention being
to provide a pump of this class which shall be of great strength and high power, and
large valve area, while at the same time very small in cross section, and, to secure
these results with all the working parts and especially the valves, readily and
conveniently accessible for repair or replacement. The quick and convenient repair
of any one of the valves is of very great importance in such constructions, as the
constant and efficient working of such pumps is frequently essential, to prevent
flooding of the mine, and the stoppage of the pump for more than a small period of
time is likely to result in throwing out of work the entire mine apparatus and force of
operatives, on account of such flooding.
A further object is to reduce to a minimum the number of loose parts, and avoid
the use of small loose parts, such as bolts, nuts, &c., liable to be dropped in opening
the valve chambers for access to the valves, which is particularly objectionable in such
sinking pumps, as the part is likely to fall down the shaft and be lost, resulting in
stoppage of the pump until the part can be replaced.
While the broader features of the invention may be embodied in a single cylinder
pump, it is aimed especially to provide a duplex pump of such form and
construction that the high power and capacity required in such sinking pumps
shall be secured without substantially increasing the space occupied in the mine
shaft by a single cylinder pump of equal power and capacity, and the invention
consists, in part, of features of construction in duplex pumps.
As a full understanding of the invention can best be given by a detailed
description of a construction embodying the same, such a description will now be
given in connection with the accompanying drawings, showing all the features of
the invention as applied in their preferred form, and the features forming the
invention will then be specifically pointed out in the claims :-
In the drawings:-
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a construction showing all the features of the inven-
tion as applied in their preferred form to a simplex sinking pump.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the pump end on the line 3 of Figure 1.
Figs. 4 and 5 are cross sections on respectively the broken lines 4 and 5 of Figures 1

page_text: Fig. 6 is a detail central section of one of the force valves and valve caps therefor.
Referring to said drawings, the upper or steam end of the pump is similar in con-
struction to pumps now well known, and has the steam cylinders A, A¹ on opposite
sides with the steam induction pipe B and exhaust pipe C, which are arranged so as
to lie within the cross sectional area of the cylinders and valve chests, and with the
usual cross-over valve movement D for actuating the steam valves of the cylinders
from the piston rods a, a¹, the steam valves on each side being operated from the
piston rod of the opposite side, as usual in such duplex engines. The pump is
shown as provided with the supports 10 at the top of the steam cylinders, for suspend-
ing the pump by cables, and as provided on its rear side with the bar E secured to
the steam and water ends, and provided with hooks 11 for supporting the pump from
the cross timbers of the mine shaft.
Referring now to the water end of the pump, in which the features forming the
present invention are embodied, upon opposite sides of the pump corresponding to
the steam cylinders A, A¹ are water cylinders, which, as shown, are made separately
for opposite ends of the pumps, there being upper and lower cylinders F, G, and
F, G, on opposite sides of the pump, in which cylinders work the double-acting
plungers b, b, secured to the respective piston rods a, a¹. The upper and lower
cylinders F, G, and F¹, G¹, on opposite sides, carry, and are preferably formed integral
with the respective suction and force chambers of the pump, so that the pulsation,
suction, and force chambers for the opposite ends of the pump, form separate integral
constructions, and preferably the two sides of the pump at each end are formed
integral, as shown. The cylinders for the opposite ends of the pump, with their
suction and force chambers, are shown as secured together by flanges 12 and bolts 13
formed on the respective parts, and the upper pump ends F, F1, are secured by
flanges to the cradles of the steam ends, as usual. The plungers b, b¹, are shown as
packed outside and between the pump ends, in a common manner, with the packing
glands 14.
The
The suction main H extends vertically from the foot of the pump upward on the
rear side of the pump opposite the space between the pump cylinders, and is prefer-
ably formed, as shown, in two parts, connected by flanges 15, its opposite ends
being preferably formed integral with the upper and lower pump ends.
force main K is arranged between the lower pump cylinders G, G¹, and runs
upward between the pump plungers from the lower force chambers to the upper
pump cylinders F, F1, connecting with the upper force chamber, and from the upper
force chamber the force main K passes out ward from between the cylinders on the
rear side by a bend 16, and then upward in line with and above the suction main H,
so that the suction and force main are in the same plane on the rear side of the pump,
and within the area of a circle of such diameter as is required for the pump cylinders
and valve chambers, as shown in Fig. 4 and 5. The portion of the force main K
that extends between the pump plungers on opposite sides of the pump, preferably
formed integral with one of the pump ends, and detachably secured to the other
pump end, being shown as integral with the upper pump end, or it may be made in
two parts, as in the case of the suction main H, so that the pump ends may readily
be separated.
Referring now to the valve chambers and valve construction, L, L¹ and M M are
the suction chambers for the opposite sides and ends of the pump, and N, O, the
force chambers for opposite ends of the pump, the suction chambers L, L' and M, M¹
being arranged on the outer sides of the cylinders, and in planes below the force
chambers N, O, and the force chambers N, O, extending across the front side of the
pump, opposite the suction and force mains H, K. Each of the suction chambers L, L¹
and M, M is provided with a series of suction valves c, shown as of a common form,
these valves being arranged about the plunger, and connecting the suction chambers
with the pulsation chainbers 17, which extend outward from the pump cylinders
proper, so as to occupy the lower part of the projection formed by the suction chambers
I, L and M, M¹. Four suction valves are shewn in each chamber, but it will be
understood that this number may be varied.

page_text: Each of the force chambers N, O, is provided with a series of force valves (, shewn
as of the same common construction as the suction valves c, these valves & being
arranged about the plungers, and across the space between the plungers, and opening
from the pulsation chambers 17 to the force chambers N, O, from which the water is
delivered through the force main K, the pulsation chambers occupying the lower part
of the projections formed by the force chambers N, O, being divided by partitions, 18,
for the opposite sides of the pump, so that three of these force valves at each end of
the pump belong to, and operate for, each side of the pump.
By this construction, it will be seen that the force and suction valves are arranged
circularly, or substantially so, about the cylinders, so as to reduce the cross section of
the pump, and both the force and suction valves are readily accessible from the upper
end of the pump, and without interference with one set of valves, in examining or
removing the other set of valves, as they are arranged, in different planes longitu-
dinally of the cylinders. In Figures 4 and 5 is well illustrated the small compact
form of the pump end, all the parts being grouped so as to bring them into a substan-
tially circular form in cross area, and within very small dimentions. While the
preferred arrangement is that shown, it is to be understood that the relative position
of the suction and force valves may be reversed, while retaining many of the important
features of the construction.
Referring now to the parts by which the valves are held in position, and each of
the valves made accessible for repair or replacement, without removing large or heavy
parts of the construction, the construction used in connection with all of the valves is
the same, so that a single description of the valve shown in detail in Figure 6 will
apply to all, and the same references may be used for corresponding parts in connection
with the different valves. The force valve d, shown in Figure 6, is held in place by
a valve cap e, which provides not only an abutment for the valve, but also a guide
and seat for the spring x, and these caps e are held in place by covers f, which are
pivotally mounted, so as to swing into position to uncover any one of the valves, and
permit the valve cap to be removed for access to and removal of the valve. These
covers fare pivoted on bolts 19 on the outer edge of the valve chamber, outside the
valves, being shown as held thereon by nuts 1, and the inner edges of the valve
covers f work under flanges, or a continuous flange, 20, on the valve chamber, inside
the valves, so that they may be swung on their pivot bolts 19 to uncover the valve
caps e.
Each of the covers f is shown as covering two valve caps e, although it will be
understood that a separate cover may be used for each valve cap, and the covers are
provided with set screws 21, which bear upon the tops of the valve caps e, so that by
setting down these screws, the caps are held firmly in position, and the valve covers
locked by the upward pressure of their ends upon the flange 20. By loosening the
bolts 21, therefore, the valve covers f may be swung to the right or left, for access
to either one of the valve caps e, held by the set screws 21, and, in replacing the
parts, it is necessary only to swing the valve cover into position, with its edge under
the flange 20, and turn down the set screws 21, to secure the desired pressure on the
valve caps, and lock the covers f in position.
The construction of a valve cover with two valves will be found convenient and
compact, but a separate valve cover may be used for each valve, or a single valve
cover may be used for more than two valves, if preferred, altho' the latter con-
struction will be objectionable, where compactness is desired, on account of increas-
ing the size of the valve chamber, or the necessity for giving the cover a considerable
movement outside of the valve chamber, for access to the middle valves covered
thereby. With a valve cover for two valves, as shown, the number of parts is re-
duced, and the construction simplified and cheapened over a separate valve cover fo
each valve, while, at the same time, the valve cover need not be swung substantially
outside of the area of the valve chamber, for the purpose of access to either of the
two valves covered thereby, which is important in mine pumps and elsewhere, as
reducing the cross sectional space in the shaft required for access to the pump valves,

page_text: so that the size of the pump relatively to the mine shaft may be increased, over
what would otherwise be permissible.
While the general construction of the pump shown, with the opposite ends of the
pump formed separately, and an integral end forming the cylinders for both sides of
the pump, is preferred, and forms a specific feature of the invention, it will be under-
stood that the broader features of the invention may be embodied in other construc-
tions. It is to be understood, also, that modifications may be made by those skilled
in the art in the form and arrangement of parts in the constructions shown, without
departing from the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
from abroad, I declare that what I claim is :-
-:
1. A pump having one or more valve chambers extending about the pump cylinder,
and one or more series of suction or force valves in said chamber or chambers,
arranged circularly about the cylinder.
2. A pump having one or more suction valve chambers and one or more force
valve chambers extending about the pump cylinder, and series of suction and force
valves in said chambers arranged circularly about the cylinder.
3. A pump having one or more suction valve chainbers and one or more force valve
chambers extending about the pump cylinder, and series of suction & force valves in
said chambers arranged circularly about the cylinder, said suction and force valve
chambers being arranged in different planes longitudinally of the cylinder.
4. A pump having one or more suction valve chambers, and one or more force
valve chambers, extending about the pump cylinder, and series of suction and force
valves in said chambers, arranged circularly about the cylinder, said suction and
force valve chainbers being arranged in different planes longitudinally of, and
transversely to, the cylinder.
5. A pump having one or more suction valve chambers and one or more force valve
chambers extending about the pump cylinder, and series of suction and force valves
in said chambers, arranged circularly about the cylinder, said suction and force
valve chambers being arranged in different planes longitudinally of the cylinder, and
suction and force pipes extending along the cylinder in planes between the force and
suction valve chambers.
6. A pump having one or more series of suction valves, and one or more series of
force valves, arranged circularly about the pump cylinder, with the force and suction
valves in different planes longitudinally of the cylinder, and suction and force pipes
extending along the cylinder in planes between the series of force and suction
valves.
7. A double-acting pump having one or more series of valves at each end of the
pump cylinder, arranged circularly about the cylinder, and suction and force pipes
extending along a portion of the cylinder not surrounded by the valves.
8. A double acting pump having suction and force valve chambers at each end of
the pump cylinder extending about the cylinder, and series of suction and force
valves in said chambers arranged circularly about said cylinder, said suction and
force valve chambers being arranged in different planes longitudinally of the cylinder,
and suction and force pipes extending along the cylinder in planes between the
suction and force valve chambers.
9. A pump having two pump cylinders arranged side by side, and having one or
more series of suction valves, and one or more series of force valves, arranged cir-
cularly about each cylinder, with the suction and force valves in different planes
longitudinally of the cylinders.
10. A pump having two pump cylinders arranged side by side, and having series
of force and suction valves arranged circularly about each cylinder, and single force
and suction pipes extending longitudinally of said cylinders in planes between the
force and suction valves.
11. A pump having two pump cylinders arranged side by side, one or more suction

page_text: valve chambers extending about the cylinders, and circularly arranged series of
valves in said chamber or chambers, one or more force valve chambers extending
about the cylinders in different planes longitudinally of the cylinders from the
suction valve chambers and force valves in said chamber or chambers, and suction
and force pipes extending longitudinally of the cylinders, in planes between the
suction and force valve chambers.
12. A double-acting pump having two pump cylinders arranged side by side, a
force pipe extending longitudinally of and between the cylinders, force valve cham-
bers arranged on one side of said pipe at opposite ends of the cylinders, a suction
pipe extending longitudinally of the cylinders on the opposite side of the force pipe
from the force chambers, and suction valve chambers at opposite ends of the cylinders
arranged in planes between the suction pipe and force valve chambers.
13. A pump cylinder having integral therewith a suction chamber, as L, extending
about the cylinder, a force chamber, as N, extending about the cylinder in different
planes longitudinally of the cylinder from the suction chamber, and pulsation
chamber 17 between the suction and force chambers, substantially as shown and
described.
14. Two pump cylinders arranged side by side, and formed integral, and having
integral therewith, suction chambers, as L, L', extending about the cylinders, an
integral force chamber, as N extending about the cylinders between the suction
chambers, and across the space between the cylinders, and pulsation chamber 17
between the suction and force chambers, substantially as shown and described.
15. Two pump cylinders arranged side by side, and formed integral, and having
integral therewith, suction chambers, as L, L, extending about the cylinders, an
integral force chamber, as N, extending about the cylinders between the suction
chambers, and across the space between the cylinders, pulsation chamber 17 between
the suction and force chambers, force pipe K between the cylinders, having an extension
out of line with the portion between the cylinders, and suction pipe H in line with
said extension, substantially as shown and described.
16. The combination with one or more valve caps, of a cover mounted to swing
across the valve cap or caps, a member or members mounted in said cover, and
adjustable to press upon or release the valve cap or caps, and an abutment for the
swinging edge of the cover on the opposite side of the cover from the valve caps, sub-
stantially as described.
17. The combination with a valve cap, of swinging cover f pivoted at its outer
edge, fixed abutment 20 for the inner edge on the opposite side of the cover from
the cap, and one or more cap screws 21, substantially as described.
18. The combination with a valve chamber and circular series of valves and valve
caps therefor, of swing covers, each arranged to cover two or more valve caps,
and pivoted at their outer edges to swing in either direction, flange 20 under
which the inner edges of the covers move, and cap screws 21 in said covers, substan-
tially as described.
19. A sinking pump substantially as shown and described in connection with the
accompanying drawings.