IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN WEAVING
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hofford Ainley, of Kirkheaton, near Huddersfield,
in the County of York, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN WEAVING."
Sealed the 26th January 1877, and dated the 14th August 1877.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hefford Ainley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th August 1876.
HEFFORD AINLEY, of Kirkheaton, near Huddersfield, in the County of York,
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN WEAVING."
The improvements relate in part to means for operating the "griffs" or "grids"
of the jacquard when double "grids" or "griffs" are used in operating hooks for
lifting and lowering the harness in the formation of sheds.
The respective "griffs" or "grids" are connected by connecting rods to separate
levers for their motion, one of these levers or pairs of levers being supported to
turn upon an axis of motion between the connection with the "griff" or "grid"
and the actuating means thereto, and the other or others being connected to the
'griffs" or "grids" between the fulcrum and the outer or moving end. Both
these levers or the pairs thereof are by connecting rods connected for motion to
them to one end of another lever with facility for adjustment of the points of
attachment, so as to afford facility for varying the relative motion of either "griff"
or "grid. This last lever is operated for the desired motions in the usual way, but
for narrow looms this last lever may be omitted and the motion taken direct up to
that or those operating the "grids," whilst the adjustment for varying the relative
distance of motion of the "grids" is retained; or both "grids" may be operated to
move simultaneously towards and from each other by the same leverage.
33
"
The lifting and lowering hook rods are formed double, one hook for one "grid
to be taken down for the lowering motion in the formation of the lower half of the
shed, and the other hook, when so selected, to be lifted in the formation of the
upper part of the shed.
In order, when desired, to aid the lifting motion of the harness for change of
shed I apply to the actuating lever a hooked rod capable of being actuated by the

page_text: jacquard or pattern surface, aided by spring so as to bring it into position for con-
nection with a weighted lever or of missing that lever.
I also connect the rotary motion of the loom with the motion of the jacquard
cylinder by tooth wheels and gear, aided by step-by-step pin wheel motions, so
that in the event of requiring to operate the loom generally, in either direction, the
jacquard cylinder will have simultaneously and corresponding motion given to it.
The respective sets of harness cords in place of being simply tied, or bound, or
woven together, are woven together part of the distance of their connection, and
the cords of each set are then divided, and the weaving continued to each part
. separately.
Another part of the Invention relates to means for effecting the desired selection
in the shifting of shifting shuttle boxes.
The lever for shifting the tappets or the bowls operating therewith, for selection
of shuttle chambers, is connected to a sliding rod with one end or part of it formed
into steps corresponding in number and depth with the distances of motion desired.
Stops to act on these steps as required, and capable of being lifted out of the way of
them by excentric or such like means, are held out of the way when lifted by lever
or other holders acting in notches of lifting rods to the stops. These lever holders
are operated in one direction by spring and in the opposite by jacquard or other
suitable pattern surface. This arrangement of sliding step and stop motion actuated
by jacquard or other suitable pattern surface is also applicable in effecting the
selections of the order of picking.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Hefford Ainley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th February
1877.
HEFFORD AINLEY, of Kirkheaton, near Huddersfield, in the County of York,
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN WEAVING.'
"
"
The improvements relate firstly to means for operating the "griffs" or "grids
of the jacquard apparatus when double "grids" or "griffs" are used in such appa-
ratus in operating the hooks for lifting and lowering the harness in the formation
of sheds.
3>
The respective "griffs" or "grids are connected by connecting rods to separate
levers for their motion, one of these levers or pairs of levers being supported to turn
upon an axis of motion between the connection with the "griff" or "grid" and the
actuating means thereto, and the other or others being connected to the "griffs” or
grids" between the fulcrum and the outer or moving end. Both these levers or
the pairs thereof are by connecting rods connected for motion to them to one end of
another lever with facility for adjustment of the points of attachment, so as to afford
facility for varying the relative motion of either "griff" or "grid." This last lever is
operated for the desired motions in the usual way, but for narrow looms this last
lever may be omitted, and the motion taken direct up to that or those operating
the "grids" whilst the adjustment for varying the relative distance of motion of
the "grids" is retained, or both " grids may be operated to move simulta-
neously towards and from each other by the same lovorage.
In order when desired to aid the lifting motion of the harness for change of shed
I apply to the actuating lever a hooked rod capable of being actuated by the
jacquard or pattern surface, aided by spring so as to bring it into position for con-
nection with a weighted lever or of missing that lever.
According to the second part of my Invention I connect the rotary motion of
the loom with the motion of the jacquard cylinder by tooth wheels and gear, aided
by step-by-step pin wheel motions, so that in the event of requiring to operate the
loom generally, in either direction, the jacquard cylinder will have simultaneous
and corresponding motion given to it.

page_text: In order however that the Invention may be more fully understood .I will by the
aid of the accompanying Drawings proceed to describe means pursued by me in
carrying the same into effect.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows just so much of the parts of a loom framing as will serve to
illustrate the application of apparatus thereto, according to my Invention.
Figure 2 represents an end view of parts shown by Figure 1.
Figures 3 and 4 show parts separately.
In each of the views the same letters are employed to indicate corresponding
parts.
a, a, represents portions of the two end framings of the loom, and 6 the front top
connecting rails; c, c, represents portions of the frame of a jacquard apparatus sup-
ported on the main beams d, d; e and frepresent the two frames of "griffs" or
grids," which are controlled to move correctly in their respective up-and-down
motions by means of the rods g in the usual way or as may be desired.
"
"
According to my improvements the upper of these frames of "griffs" or grids"
e is for the purpose of giving the desired up-and-down motion to it, connected by
means of the link h and pivots h¹, h³, to one end of the rocking lever i, which is
supported so as to be capable of rocking on the axis i, carried by the standard i³,
and at its other end this lever i is by pin joint connected with capability of
adjustment to one end of the connecting rod j, the other end of which is by pin
joint connected to the lever k. The connecting rod j is also formed in two parts
with right and left hand screw connection 12 to it, by which the length of this con-
necting rod may be varied and set at pleasure.
The lower frame of "griffs" or "grids "fis for the purpose of the required up-
and-down motion to it according to my Invention, connected at its opposite sides
by pin joints to separate connecting rods 1, the lower ends of which are connected
at to the lever fraine or pair of levers m, one to one side and the other to the
other side of such frame; separate side and plan views of this frame lever or pair of
levers m are given at Figure 3, and the object of thus forming this frame in two parts,
connected together by cross bars, so that the two sides may be operated simultaneously,
is to ensure that the motion to the framefmay be equal on both sides of it. One end
of this frame lever m is supported to rock on the axis of motion m³, carried by the fixed
standard a', whilst the other end of it is by pin joint m³ connected to one end of the
link m³, the other end of which is by pin joint m³ connected to the lever , in order
that by motion given to the lever k, simultaneous motions in opposite directions
may be given to the respective frames of "griffs" or grids" e and f, and that
thereby increased facility may be afforded for the operations of double shedding.
"
The lever is supported to rock on the axis of motion k², carried by the fixed
standard a², and at its other end it is by pin joint k* connected to the upper end of
the connecting rod ³, the lower end of which is by pin joint connected to a lever
operated by cam or tappet for the desired extent and times of motion to the
"griffs" or "grids "as is well understood.
In order when desired to aid the lifting motion of the harness for change of
shed, I suspend from the outer end of the actuating lever / the rod n, which to-
wards its lower end is formed into a hook n¹ to hook on to one side of the loop o¹
projecting from the side of the lever o, which is supported to rock on the fixed
stud os, carried by the bracket a³, and has attached to it the upper end of the rod o*,
the lower end of which is weighted to the extent desired. This hooked rod n is con-
stantly borne with its hook in position to catch on to the loop o¹ by means of the
spring o, and it is drawn back so that its hooked end may not catch on the loop
o by means of the wire oº, which is operated for that purpose, at the times desired
by the pattern surface employed to operate the change of shuttle or otherwise; a* is
an adjustable stop which may be varied at pleasure to regulate the extent of descent

page_text: of the lever o. By this means ease is given in working the loom at those times
when an excess of the warp is left to form the lower portion of a shed.
A slight modification of this part of the Invention for giving the desired motions
to the frame of "griffs" or "grids" e and f, particularly when this part of the im-
provments is applied to narrow looms, is shown by Figure 5. In this case the use
of the lever is dispensed with, the outer end of the lever is connected to the
outer end of the lever m directly by means of the adjustable connecting rod j, and
both levers i and m are simultaneously operated as required by the connecting rod
³, being connected at its upper end to a prolongation of the upper lever i. The
rod ³ is kept correctly in position by being affixed to the collar o, which is sup-
ported to rock on one end of the guide lever o. This levor o is supported to rock
on the stationary pin o, and it is weighted to the extent required at the other end
by a weight applied to the rod of attached thereto. Figure 6 shows the frame or
pair of levers m, m, used in this arrangement.
The lifting and lowering hook rods used by me with the "griffs" or "grids" e, f,
are formed double as shown by Figure 7, each end having a hook z to it, one
hook being for one grid to be taken down for the lowering motion in the formation
of the lower half of the shed, and the other hook, when so selected, to be lifted in
the formation of the upper part of the shed.
The respective sets of harness cords, in place of being simply tied or bound or
woven together are woven together [part of the distance of their connection, as
shown at A, Figure 8, and the cords of each set are then divided, as indicated by
B, B, and the weaving is then continued to each part B separately.
I will now describe the second part of the Invention, which is shown applied in
Figures 1 and 2; p, p, aro two bevilled wheels applied so as to be capable of run-
ning loosely on the shaft or axis p¹, and yet of being connected, either of them,
to the shaft p¹ for motion thereto in either direction as desired, by means of the
clutch connection q, which is operated by the rod q¹ from the lever q², which lever
is supported to turn on the stud q³, and is capable of being held in the central
position, so that the clutch q may not be connected to either of the wheels p, p, or
this lever q may be shifted and held in either of the stops q, q, on the arc q,
depending on which of the wheels p it is desired, for the time, to lock to the shaft
or axis p. The teeth of both the wheels p, p, take into the same tooth wheel on
an axis driven by the rotary motion of the loom. The shaft p¹ is supported in
stationary bearings as, and at its inner end it has applied to it the bevilled pinion
p, the teeth of which are taken into by the teeth of a similar bevilled pinion p³,
affixed on the axis or shaft pt, upon which is also affixed the pinion p³, the teeth of
which are taken into by the teeth of the pinion p. This pinion p is affixed on
the shaft p', the lower end of which is supported in a step to admit of its upper
end having a slight rocking motion given to it with the to-and-fro movement of the
frame of the jacguard cylinder, and the upper end of this axis p' rests in a step
carried by the axis of the holding pin wheel 7 for operating the star wheel r¹,
affixed on the axis of the jacguard cylinder. This rotary motion to the holding pin
wheel r is obtained from the axis p' by the teeth of the bevilled pinion 28, affixed on
the upper end of the shaft or axis p', taking into the teeth of the bevilled pinion
23, affixed on the axis carrying the pin wheel r. On the lower end of the shaft p¹
is applied the handle wheel p, by which that shaft p, and consequently the shaft
2, and parts actuated thereby, may have motion given to them by hand when the
clutch is disconnected from both the wheels p, p.
The other parts mentioned in the Provisional Specification have not been found
of sufficient practical value to be included in this Final Specification.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I adopt in carrying the
same into effect, I would have it understood that what I do claim is,-
First. The adaptation or combination of levers and connecting parts or apparatus
for effecting the simultaneous operations of the "griffs" or "grids," as described in
respect of Figures 1 and 5. Also I claim the method of aiding the lifting motion

page_text: 5
to the harness, for change of shed, by the use of the hooked rod m, operated by
pattern surface, together with the weighted lever o, substantially as described.
Secondly. I claim the means for connecting the rotary motion of the loom with
the rotary motion to the jacguard cylinder, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Hefford Ainley, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
HEFFORD AINLEY. (LS.)