Apparatus for Mixing the Explosive Charge of Internal Combustion Engines.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Mixing the Explosive Charge of Internal Combustion
Engines.
I, GUSTAVE VICTOR LEON CHAUVEAU, of 71, Boulevard Voltaire, Paris, France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for mixing the explosive charge of internal
combustion engines the device being adapted either for carburetting air by pulver-
izing and diffusing therein a combustible liquid to form the explosive mixture, or
for effecting the intimate mixture of combustible gas and air.
The device consists essentially of a pulverizing and mixing chamber traversed
axially by a valve-controlled jet tube, the chamber having at one end an air
admission controlled by a spring-closed valve and being in open connection at the
other end with the admission passage leading to the engine cylinder. The wall
of the said chamber is provided with internal circumferential oppositely coned
impact surfaces formed by an oppositely coned inward projection whereof the
V-shaped arris is directly presented to the radial jet orifices of the central tube
and the oppositely coned impact surfaces are stepped or otherwise roughened so
that the liquid jets striking the arris and passing over the oppositely coned stepped
or roughened surfaces will be thereby broken up into spray. The axial jet tube
is in connection through a regulating valve with the liquid or gas supply and the
valve control of the jet orifices is effected by a piston valve acting concurrently
with the air admission valve so that the admission of air and the emission and
pulverization of the combustible liquid or gas to be mixed therewith will be
simultaneous.
The air admission valve being closed by a spring and opened by the inhaling
stroke of the engine piston the opening and closing of the jet controlling valve
will be produced by the motion of the air valve itself. For this purpose the piston
valve may be formed by the closed end of the liquid or gas admission pipe fitting
as a piston in a tubular extension of the air valve spindle provided with radial jet.
orifices which by the opening of the air valve are brought opposite to the arris' of
the impact surfaces and at same time put in communication with the liquid or
gas supply. Or the piston valve may be formed by the air valve stem working in
radially-orificed admission tube.
Besides the air admission valve, the proportions of air and liquid or gas may be
regulated by a separate air admission controlled by the governor or otherwise.
Dated this 20th day of December 1897.
•
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
Chartered Patent Agents, 53, Chancery Lane, London.

page_text: Apparatus for Mixing the Explosive Charge of Internal Combustion
..Engines.
I, GUSTAVE VICTOR LEON CHAUVEAU, of 71, Boulevard Voltaire, Paris, France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to. be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention relates to apparatus for mixing the explosive charge of internal
combustion engines the device being adapted either for carburetting air by pulver-
izing and diffusing therein a combustible liquid to form the explosive mixture, or
for effecting the intimate mixture of combustible gas and air..
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1
represents a vertical section and Fig. 2 a plan of the apparatus. A is the upper
end of the admission pipe leading to the explosion chamber of the engine cylinder
and M is a pulverizing and mixing chamber in open connection therewith at its
lower end, the said chamber being surmounted by an air inlet chamber N and
traversed axially by a valve-controlled jet tube G, the admission of air being con-
trolled by a spring closed valve J opening inward and carrying the valve H con-
trolling the emission of the jets. The wall of the chamber M is provided with an
internal circumferential projection M¹ which presents a V shaped arris and
oppositely coned impact surfaces to the radial jets emitted from the orifices i of
the valve tube I, the oppositely coned impact surfaces being stepped or otherwise
roughened so that the liquid jets striking the arris and passing over the oppositely
coned stepped or roughened surfaces will be thereby broken up into spray. The
axial jet tube G is in connection through channel F and chamber B with the liquid
or gas supply pipe D provided with a cock to control the supply (not shown) and
the valve control of the jet orifices is effected by a piston valve H acting con-
currently with the air admission valve J so that the admission. of air, and the
emission and pulverization of the combustible liquid or gas to be mixed therewith,
will be simultaneous.
The air admission valve J being closed by a spring L regulated by nut K and
being opened by the inhaling stroke of the engine piston, the opening and closing
of the jet controlling valve will be produced by the motion of the air valve itself.
For this purpose the piston valve H may be formed by the closed end of the liquid
or gas admission pipe G fitting as a piston in a sleeve or tubular extension I of
the air valve spindle provided with radial jet orifices i which by the opening of
the air valve J are brought opposite to the arris of the impact surfaces M¹ and at
same time put in communication with the liquid or gas supply. For this purpose
the piston valve H has a circumferential or annular channel in connection through
orifices g with the central tube G so that the jets will be emitted when the orifices i
come opposite the said annular channel. The orifices allow the free entry and
exit of air above the piston valve. Or the piston valve H might be formed by the
air valve stem working in a radially-orificed admission tube.
The action is as follows:-The cock on pipe D being open, the petroleum or
other combustible fluid enters through chamber B and channel F into tube G and
through the orifices g into the annular channel of the piston valve H. The con-
nection of this channel with the jet orifices i is cut off when the valve J is closed
as shown in dotted lines (Fig. 1) and the sleeve I raised.
When the engine piston makes its inhaling stroke the valve J is opened as shown
in full lines in Fig. 1 and the jet orifices are brought opposite the annular
channel of H whereby jets of combustible liquid or gas are caused by the action

page_text: of the vacuum to be projected through orifices i and become atomized by impinging
against the oppositely coned roughened surfaces M¹ of the atomizing chamber M,
at same time that the air admitted through N mixes with the mist thus produced
in chamber M and forms therewith an explosive mixture which passes out at O and
through passage A to the explosion chamber of the engine. At the end of the
inhaling stroke of the engine piston the valve J closes against its seat and cuts
off the connection of the orifices i with the annular channel of piston valve H.
In addition to the admission of air at N which is regulated by the nut K, a
supplementary supply may be introduced at a point in the passage A leading to the
explosion chambers, so as to enable the nature of the explosive mixture to be
varied by the governor or otherwise according to the load on the engine. The
admission of the petroleum is regulated by the cock (not shown) on pipe D.
The air to be carburetted may be introduced directly into the apparatus at the
ambient temperature or a hot air pipe may be branched on pipe N to aid in the
volatilization of the combustible liquid to be atomized by impact with the roughened
surfaces M.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The valve controlling the emission of the fluid jets constructed with the
annular passage adapted to communicate with the said orifices at the moment of
inhalation as described.
2. The combination with the mixing chamber of the circumferential projection
presenting its arris and oppositely inclined roughened impact surfaces to the jets
for effecting the pulverization of the combustible fluid as described.
3. The herein described apparatus whereby air to be carburetted is mixed in
regulated quantity with a combustible liquid in the form of mist so as to produce
a homogeneous mixture and ensure a perfect and methodical carburation and con-
sequent regularity in the working of the engine..
Dated this 19th day of September 1898.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
Chartered Patent Agents, 53, Chancery Lane, London.