Improvements in Tubular Water Bollers.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 17th Aug., 1893-Accepted, 23rd Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tubular Water Bollers.
I, MAX GEHRE, of Rath, near Düsseldorf, in the Empire of Germany, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In tubular boilers hitherto constructed, the drawback apparently was that, in
comparison with the heating surface, the space for steam could not be made
sufficiently large, as it is limited to the upper boiler. It is, therefore, impossible,
without other arrangements, to provide this steam space in the water tubes,
because the portions of the walls of the tubes uncovered by water give rise to
numerous drawbacks, and because also a very considerable amount of heating
surface in contact with the water would be lost.
This invention has for its object to afford steam space in the water chamber into
which the tubes open, and into which the steam rises, or in some other place. The
usual water chamber is, for this purpose, divided by cross partitions into separate
chambers, each of which has a given water level and steam space, by which means
a steam developing space is obtained in front of each row of pipes.
In practice, the usual water chamber is divided by partitions into separate cross
chambers, which receive the separate cross rows of tubes. Each chamber has a
steam space, and a given water level which regulates, itself in the usual manner by
means of a suitable overflow pipe. The steam escapes from each chamber by means
of a steam pipe at the side.
In another variation, the partitions are not attached to the front wall of the
chamber, but are, on the other hand, turned upwards in the form of a gutter, so
that the water may collect to a given height in this box or gutter up to a given
height without flowing away below. The highest edges of the partitions may, at
the same time, form the overflow for the water. In this case, a pipe is arranged at
the top of the water chamber through which the steam escapes.
The separate chambers for fulfilling the same object might be placed one above
the other, to which again side steam escape pipes are attached.
The overflow pipes regulate the water level in the separate chambers in such a
way that, when, for instance, the desired water level is attained in the upper
chamber, the water subsequently fed in overflows through a pipe into the next
chamber lying below it. This overflow device may be arranged in various ways.
Dated this 17th day of November 1892.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tubular Water Boilers.
1, MAX GEHRE of Rath, near Düsseldorf, in the Empire of Germany, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
In tubular boilers hitherto constructed, there has been this drawback that, in
comparison with the heating surface, the evaporating area or surface could not be
made sufficiently large, as it is limited to the upper boiler. It is, therefore,
impossible, without other arrangements, to provide such surface in the water tubes,
because the portions of the walls of the tubes uncovered by water are the cause of
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page_text: numerous evils, and because also a very considerable amount of heating surface in
contact with the water would be lost.
This invention has for its object to afford steam space in the water chamber into
which the tubes open, and into which the steam rises, or in some other place. The
usual water chamber is, for this purpose, divided by cross partitions into separate
chambers, each of which has a given water level and steam space, by which means
a steam developing space is obtained in front of cach row of pipes. By this means,
steam catchers or traps are provided in front of each row of pipes as will be
hereinafter explained.
The accompanying drawings show some forms of construction of such water tube
boilers.
In Figures 1, 1B, 2, 2B, 3, 4 and 5, in cross section through the water chamber,
whilst Figures 1, 2 and 3* are cross sections through the pattern of boiler shown
in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
In the construction shown in Figures 1, 1A and 1B, the usual water chamber B is
divided by partitions D into separate cross chambers, which receive the separate
cross rows of tubes A.
The cross divisions are all closed at the sides but have in the partitions on one or
both sides openings O through which the water may enter from the upper boiler,
the water flowing into the main chamber by means of a pipe n.
The cross
chambers are further inter-connected by means of pipes C in such a way that the
pipes C partially penetrate into a cross chamber situated below them and partially
into one lying above them. In a similar way, the connection from the upper
chamber with the steam space of the upper boiler is formed by means of a steam
escape pipe.
The action is as follows:-
The water from the upper boiler is under full pressure in the whole water
chamber and fills the same and the various cross chambers completely before the
formation of steam commences.
As soon
as the formation of steam com-
mences, the steam flows from the water pipes A into the cross chamber,
Figure 1. In consequence of its specific gravity being lighter, the steam
then remains in the upper part of these separate cross chambers, and presses
the water down until the lower ends of the connecting pipes C are above the
level of the water. The steam then commences to flow through these tubes to
the steam space standing above each of the divisions until it can escape through the
topmost and larger tube to the steam chamber of the boiler. In the uppermost
cross chamber also the steam will press back the water in exactly the same manner
until it can escape from the connecting pipe m to the steam chamber of the upper
boiler. The flow to the water chamber from the upper boiler is always secured by
a water supply pipe n, so that the full pressure of the entire column of water
calculated on the level of the water space of the upper boiler remains in the water
chambers. As much water as is evaporated off will always be flowing in through
the openings arranged in the partitious of the separate cross chambers.
Instead of cross chambers, the gutters shown in Figures 2, 24 and 2B may be
arranged in the water chamber, which gutters are open beneath and are closed at
the sides so far from the top as the steam space is intended to extend, Figure 2ª.
These gutters are further connected by means of connection pipes C in their
interiors, so that, as soon as they are filled with steam, these superimposed steam
spaces become connected with one another by means of the pipes C.
In the modifications shown in Figures 3 to 5, the level of the water is
automatically regulated by means of the overflow pipes r.
In the mode of construction shown in Figures 3 and 34, partitions D are again
employed, which divide the water chamber B into separate chambers. The
partitions of the chambers are open at the top at p so that the steam spaces of the
various chambers become combined.
In another variation, shown in Figure 4, the partitions D are not attached to
the front wall of the chamber B, but are, on the other hand, turned upwards in

page_text: the form of a gutter, so that the water may collect in this box or gutter up to a
given height without flowing away below. The highest edges of the partitions D
may, at the same time, form the overflow for the water. In the modification shown
in Figure 5, independent cross chambers B₁ are arranged one above the other,
which have at the sides separate steam exits, whilst the steam formed in the
separate cross rows is collected in a commou steam pipe attached to each of the steam
exits, from which common steam pipe it passes to its destination.
The overflow pipes r, shown in the three last kinds of boilers, regulate the water
level in the separate chambers in such a way that, when, for instance, the desired
water level is attained in the upper chamber, the water subsequently fed in
overflows through a piper into the next chamber lying below it. This overflow
device may be arranged in various ways.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An arrangement for retaining the steam from the separate rows of tubes in
tubular water boilers, wherein the steam rising from the tubes collects under the
same until it has forced the water so far back that the lower openings of pipes, as
described, or other similarly arranged passages, are exposed, and the steam can
escape through them to the steam chamber situated above, and so on up to the
steam discharge pipe.
2. In tubular water boilers, a water chamber B with separate cross chambers
formed by means of partitions D, each of which chambers has its own water level
and steam space, for the object of obtaining an evaporating surface in front of the
tube walls.
3. In tubular water boilers, the arrangement of cross chambers Blying one above
the other, into which water tubes A open, and each separate one of which has its
own steam chamber and water level with the object of obtaining an evaporating
surface in front of the rows of tubes.
4. The division of a water chamber B by means of cross partitions D into
separate cross chambers each of which has its own water level and steam space,
which are maintained at a given height by means of suitably arranged water
overflow pipes, whilst the tubes are completely filled with water, for the object of
obtaining an evaporating surface in front of the rows of tubes.
5. In tubular water boilers, boxes or gutters arranged in the water chambers,
which boxes or gutters are formed by means of cross partitions D and have for their
object to accumulate water in themselves so that an evaporating surface is formed
in front of each row of tubes.
Dated this 16th dar of August 1892
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.