CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSUMING SMOKE AND ECONOMISING FUEL
Year: 1846

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
GARNETT TAYLOR, of Halliwell, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner,
and WILLIAM TAYLOR, of Halliwell aforesaid, Labourer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Iler
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Third day of February, in the Ninth year of Her reign, and
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-six, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said William
Garnett Taylor and William Taylor, Her especial license, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that we, the said William Garnett Taylor and
William Taylor, our executors, administrators, and assigns, and such others
as we, the said William Garnett Taylor and William Taylor, our executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,.
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England and Wales, and the Town of Berwick upon Tweed, our Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSUMING SMOKE AND ECONOMISING FUEL;" in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that we, the said William Garnett
Taylor and William Taylor, shall cause a particular description of the nature
of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and
large annear

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
William Garnett Taylor and William Taylor, do hereby declare that the nature
of our Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is
particularly described and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto annexed,
and the following explanation thereof, that is to say:-
Our Invention of improvements in consuming smoke and economising fuel
may be applied, to all furnaces constructed in the ordinary manner with open
ash pits, and whether employed in connection with steam engine or other
boilers, or used in any other situation wherein the consumption of smoke and
consequent.economy of fuel is desirable, and where steam or other power can
be obtained for moving the exhausting and blowing apparatus herein-after
described. This Invention has for its object a more perfect combustion of the
inflammable gases and unconsumed particles of carbon, which, in theordinary
construction of furnaces pass up the chimney as smoke, and consists, firstly, in
the application to the furnaces of an exhausting and blowing apparatus; and,
secondly, in a peculiar distribution or arrangement of the smoke flues, so as to
be adapted to the operation of such apparatus, the whole of which may be
carried into practical effect as follows:-We employ as the exhausting and
blowing apparatus a revolving fan or blower, so applied to or in the smoke flue
that the smoke and other gaseous products evolved from the combustion of the
fuel in the furnace shall be arrested or regained during its passage from the
furnace to the chimney, and brought back through another flue leading from
the fan or exhausting and blowing apparatus, and opening on to the "dead
plate" or thereabouts, at or near the front of the fire bars or furnace, and
causing the smoke to be passed over the fire, and between that and the boiler
bottom; the sooty exhalation will thereby be consumed and prevented passing
up the chimney to the atmosphere. And in order that the mode that we have
found most practically useful of carrying our Invention into effect may be more
readily explained and perfectly understood, we have attached to these Presents
a Sheet of Drawings, representing it as applied to the furnaces of two common
steam engine boilers, which we consider will be quite sufficient to enable any
competent person to adapt it to other furnaces.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section taken vertically through one of the boilers
and furnaces Figure 2 is a sectional plan or horizontal view of the furnaces
and flues (the boilers being removed); and Figure 3 is a transverse section of
the same. Similar letters of reference are marked upon corresponding parts in
all the Figures; this arrangement being drawn on a scale of half an inch to
the foot. a, a, is the foundation brickwork supporting the boilers b, b; c, c,
are the "dead plates" of the furnace; and d, d, the fire bars; e and ex are

page_text: two bridges, the first e about six inches, and the second ex about four inches,
from the bottom of the boiler (we would recommend two bridges, although
they are not absolutely necessary in the application of our Invention); ff, are
the ordinary flues, joining ultimately in the flue g, which leads to the chimney;
h is a fan (inclosed in a box i,) which being caused to revolve by a band or
strap passing around the pulley k, or by any other convenient means at a high
velocity,, say, seven hundred revolutions per minute, will have the effect of
arresting the smoke and other vapours and gases in their progress to the
chimney, and after drawing them through the flues 1, l, to the centre of the fan,
drives them along the flue m to the vertical flue n. This flue n has at its
lower end two thoroughfares p, p, one leading on to or near the "dead plate"
of each furnace. Thus it will be seen the smoke and other gaseous vapours,
instead of passing off directly to the chimney, are arrested and brought back
by the action of the fan h, and by it kept in a state of constant circulation over
the fires until consumed. The engineer should keep the thoroughfares p, p,
clear with a rake, and also upon introducing fresh fuel into the furnace should
expose the live coal as much as possible, in order to facilitate the combustion
of the smoke and gaseous vapours.
Having now described the nature and object of our Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be distinctly
understood that we are aware that the idea of withdrawing the gases from the
flues of furnaces, &c. by mechanical means, for the purpose of mixing then
with atmospheric air, and of causing the mixture to be returned again through
the furnace is not new, this having been proposed as an improvement in com-
bustion by various persons before the date of our said Letters Patent; and we
wish it be understood that we do not claim as of our Invention the with-
drawing gases from the flues of furnaces or returning them mixed with
atmospheric air to the furnaces; nor do we claim as of our Invention the
exclusive use of the mechanical apparatus and arrangements herein described
and referred to, except when the same are used for the purposes of our
Invention; and we wish it further to be understood that such apparatus may
be varied in different ways, which will be at once obvious to any competent
mechanic, so as to be applicable for the purposes of our Invention; but we
claim as our Invention the improvements in consuming smoke and econo-
mising fuel resulting from arresting the smoke in the flue prior to its
ascending the chimney by means of a revolving fan or blower, or other
convenient apparatus, and returning the smoke so arrested, by means of a
suitable flue on to the "dead plate" or thereabouts, at or near the front of the
fire bars or furnace, to be repassed over the fire, as above particularly set forth

page_text: and described, without the introduction or admixture of fresh atmospheric air
otherwise than by the common open ash pit in the usual manner.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Garnett Taylor and William
Taylor, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirty-first day
of July, One thousand eight hundred and forty-six.