Bottles and other like Receptacles.
Year: 1887

page_text: Bottles and other like Receptacles.
I WILLIAM PURVIS WILSON of 18 Great George Street in the City of Westminster,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof :-
In my Complete Specification No. 6506 A.D. 1886 filed this 14th day of February
1887 I have described and claimed a peculiar form of bottle neck specially adapted
to receive the combined closing and draw off arrangement set forth in the said
specification but which could not be readily or conveniently produced by the Bottle-
mmaker's tongs or tool in ordinary use, and therefore to instruct the workman in
carrying out the said invention I described therein a tool specially adapted for the
purpose.
My present invention relates to the said tool and also to certain modifications thereof
and further improvements thereon and has for its object a Bottle-makers Tongs or
Tool adapted for simultaneously producing an internal annular groove and a female
serew inside the neck of a bottle or other receptacle, leaving by preference a plain
space between the inner end of the screw and the outer side of the groove. Also a
tool adapted to form the neck by rotating inside the same whilst the bottle or
receptacle is held stationary in a mould. Also a tool adapted for admitting air under
pressure into the bottle or other receptacle in the mould whilst it is shaping
the neck.
A bottle-makers tongs or tool according to my invention consists of a plug or
mandrel carrying a loose externally screwed collar for forming the female screw in the
neck of a bottle and moveable dogs for forming at the same time an internal annular
groove or recess therein the said collar and dogs being so connected with the legs of
the tool that the opening of the same shall cause the collar to be fixed on the plug and
the dogs to be withdrawn and the closing of the legs shall release the screwed collar
and cause the dogs to be protruded.
This tool may be used by revolving the bottle upon it in the usual way or it may be
supported in bearings and caused to revolve inside the bottle neck whilst the bottle is
held stationary in a mould.

page_text: is forming the neck.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 of my drawings is an elevation and partial longitudinal section of a
portion of one form of my improved tool showing it in operation on a bottle neck.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the operating end of the Tool viewed at right
angles to Figure 1 and
Figure 3 is a transverse section through the plug taken along the line 1-2 in
figure 2 and looking towards the bottle.
C
a is a hollow plug or mandrel fixed to the plate band carrying an additional separate
loose collar chaving a male screw thread corresponding to the female screw to be
produced inside the neck. This collar turns freely round the plug a and has a flange
which connects it to the plate or swiller in which it also turns when not locked or
fixed by the action of the tongs as hereinafter explained. dd are two arms carrying
dogs ee and hinged at // to the end of the hollow plug. These dogs play in and out
through openings in the sides of the plug near its inner end. Along one side of the
plug works a slide y provided with a feather which locks the collar a to the plug by
entering between pins or stops in a circular recess in the end of the collar.
Wedge
pieces, are formed on the two ends respectively of the slide y. mm are the dies for
shaping the outside of the neck carried as usual on the free ends of the legs n or if
desired made in the form of roller dies so as to roll round the outside of the neck. o is
the central rod, Ų shaped at the end and fixed to the plate b. p is a slotted bent lever
connecting the slide with one of the legs in such manner that when the dies m are
opened the slide will be forced inwards thereby locking the screwed collar on the
plug by the entrance of the feather hetween any two of the pins or stops in the
circular recess in the collar. The same movement causes the dogs e to withdraw inside
the plug by the entrance of the wedge piece between the tail ends of the arms d. In
this condition the tool is ready for application.
A ring of molten glass is placed round the neck of the bottle and the plug and
screwed collar introduced therein. The dies are then closed upon the glass which
movement causes the dogs e to be forced outwards as shown in the drawing by the
action of the wedge piece 7 the same movement releasing the collare and allowing it
to revolve freely round the plug along with the bottle the protruding dogs e remaining
stationary during the revolution of the bottle and consequently producing an annular
groove inside the neck. When the dies m are opened preparatory to releasing the
bottle the tool resumes its original condition that is to say the screwed collar is locked
and the dogs withdrawn inwards to allow the bottle neck to be unscrewed by its rotary
motion.
C
Thus
In the application of the essential features of my invention to existing tongs provided
with one or more moveable or fixed dogs for forming the annular groove in globe
stoppered bottles various modifications in the minor details may be introduced.
in the existing class of Tongs provided with two dogs as shown in Figure 4, the loose
screwed collar c which I combine therewith may have an internal annular groove c
(see detail fig. 5) in which engages a stud pin fixed in the plug a to keep the
collar in position against the swiller or disc band allow it to rotate freely on the
plug. Or the groove may be formed in the plug and the pin fixed in the loose collar.
A second or clutch groove i clear of the first is provided for alternately fixing and
releasing the collar on the plug said groove having one or more stops therein with
intermediate spaces into which engages any convenient form of stop arranged to come
into action upon the opening of the tongs and thereby prevent the rotary movement of
the collar. In fig. 4 such a stop h is shown attached to one of the arms d of the dogs e
so that when the dogs are moved inwards the stop h will pass through an opening in
the side of the plug and enter hetween any two of the stops in the clutch groove i.
In lieu of the clutch groove a ring may be fixed into a recess in the bottle end of the
screwed collar as shown in the detail fig. 6 one or more notches i being made in the

page_text: said ring to receive the stop on the dog arm. The dog arms d may be acted on by
the opening and closing of the legs in the manner already described or they may have
an inherent spring action which tends to keep the dogs protruded or withdrawn as
the case may be the action of the legs being arranged to overcome the spring of
the arms.
k
P
In Figure 4 I have shown spring arms crossing each other and looped at the spring
part over a fixed pin d' said arms being provided with projections between which the
wedge piece enfers. This wedge piece is formed on the end of a slotted lever
actuated by one of the legs as previously described. The arms are represented in the
position they occupy when the legs of the tool are closed. On opening the legs the
wedge piece is withdrawn and the arms by their inherent spring draw the dogs
inwards and force the stop into the clutch groove thereby preventing the rotation
of the screwed collar.
Figure 7 is a longitudinal section of the operating end of another arrangement of
tool embodying my invention.
Figure 8 is a transverse section on the line 1-2 and figure 9 is a section on the
line 3-4 and looking towards the outer end of the fool.
The plug a is solid but is bored eccentrically from its outer end through a portion
of its length to receive a partially rotating spindle d which carries a fixed or a rolling
dog e mounted on an eccentric pin in the inner end of the spindle a recess being made
in the plug to receive the roller dog. The loose screwed collar e turns freely round
the plug and is kept in position by a ring which bears against a flange on the collar
and is fixed to the inner face of the swiller which may be formed in one with the
plug. This screwed collar is fixed and released as required by a horizontal pin / in
the spindle & describing an arc in a recess in the plug and engaging with stops or
projections formed in a circular recess in the face of the collar e when the spindle d
is partially rotated or a longitudinally sliding locking pin may be used working
through the swiller and actuated by the legs or by a projecting incline on the spindle
so as to enter between the stops from the outer and of the plug. The turning of the
spindle is effected, by the opening and closing of the legs, through a link connecting
the leg or legs with a crank arm on the outer end of the spindle. In order to
prevent the entrance of the molten glass into the recess which receives the roller dog e
I close the sides thereof by introducing therein a U shaped slide within which the
roller dog works. This slide is free to move slightly to-and-fro across the mandrell in
a dove tail
groove in the inner end of the recess. When the roller dog is in its full
outward or inward position the outer contour of the slide coincides with the sides
of the plug. When the legs of this tool are closed the spindle will be in the position
shown in the drawings the roller dog being protruded beyond the side of the plug and
the locking pin withdrawn leaving the screwed collar free. On opening the legs the
spindle d will be partially rotated thereby withdrawing the roller dog inside the plug
and engaging the locking pin with one or other of the stops in the screwed collar
as shown by the dotted lines in fig. 8..
Figure 10 is an elevation partly in section of a modified form of tool adapted for
being rotated inside the neck whilst the bottle or other receptacle is held stationary
within a mould the same tool being also adapted for allowing air under presure to
enter the bottle whilst it is forming the neck. The operating part of the tool may be
of similar construction to fig. 1 an opening y being left in the end of the hollow plug
for the entrance of the air. The central rod o consists of a tubular rotary spindle
supported near its outer end in suitable bearings (not shown in Fig. 10 but shown on
a smaller scale in Fig. 10") and driven in any well known manner. nu are the spring
legs of the tool securely fixed at n¹ to the rotary spindle, is a loose collar sliding on
a feather on the spindle and moved longitudinally by the forked ends of a lever worked
by hand or by foot. A cross head t on this collar is connected by side rods u with a
cross arm also sliding along the spindle and carrying rollers w which act against
inclined portions of the legs so that on shifting the collar the legs will be caused
to open or close. The spindle o is connected with the swiller which carries the hollow
plug or mandrel a by a hollow boss slotted at each side for the passage of the pin y
י,

page_text: ."
carrying the slide y with its wedge pieces and . is a cylindrical slide for closing
the slots in the hollow boss and preventing the escape of the air. p is the slotted
lever for actuating the slide g said lever being forked to pass round the boss and
engage with the ends of the pin y. In order to allow of the plug being introduced
into and withdrawn from the neck of the bottle the entire tool is free to be moved
longitudinally in its supporting bearings by a hand or foot lever 1, engaging
with a collar 2 fast on the spindle which is driven by a band and pulley 3, as will be
readily understood on referring to figure 10. The direction of rotation of the tool
should be such as to ensure the unscrewing of the collare (Figure 10) from the neck
of the bottle when completed. The air may be supplied from any convenient source
by a flexible tube 4 (Fig. 10) connected by a swivel union joint with the outer end of
the spindle and its pressure regulated in any well known manner. The object of
introducing air under pressure into the hottle whilst in the mould is to support
internally the body of the bottle after it has been formed by the blower and to enable
the neck to be forined at once before the temperature is further reduced.
U
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:—
1. In a Tool or Tongs for shaping the necks of bottles the combination with the
plug or mandrel, of a loose screwed collar and one or more laterally projecting
moveable dogs so connected with either or both the legs of the tool that the closing
and opening of the legs shall alternately release and fix the screwed collar and at the
same time cause the dog or dogs to be protruded and withdrawn as hereinbefore
described.
2. The application to the plugs or mandrels of existing Bottle-makers Tongs or
Tools provided with laterally projecting moveable dogs of a loose screwed collar
arranged so as to be alternately fixed and released by the opening and closing of the
legs substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. The combination with the plug of a Bottle-maker's Tongs or Tool of a roller dog
mounted eccentrically on a spindle in the plug and caused to protrude and withdraw
by a partial rotary motion of the spindle derived from the legs of the tool substantially
as herein before described.
4. A Bottle makers tongs or tool having the legs which carry the outer shaping dies
secured to a central spindle supported by and rotating in bearings substantially as and
for the purpose herein before described and illustrated by Figure 10" of the drawings
annexed.
5. Making the aforesaid rotary spindle tubular and connecting it at its outer end
with a compressed air reservoir or with any suitable air forcing apparatus, and at its
inner end with a hollow perforated plug or mandrel so as to admit air under pressure
into the bottle or other receptacle during the operation of the tool substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by figures 10 and 10% of the drawings
annexed.