Improvements in Apparatus for Refrigerating and Ice-making.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Mar:, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 11th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 17th Jan., 1891
.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
.Improvements in Apparatus for Refrigerating and Ice-making.
I, FREDERICK NOEL MACKAY, of 16 Mark Lane, London, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
.
The object is to provide improved apparatus for more readily cooling and drying
air or gas for use in cold stores or chambers, and for maintaining the said air in a cool
dry condition for some considerable time after the refrigerating apparatus bas ceased
to work either owing to accident or necessity of stopping the machinery during the
night or at other times. Such maintenance of temperature is at present effected by
brine stored in vessels or cooling pipes or by cooling the contents of the store or
chamber to a lower temperature than is necessary or desirable. Both systems are
subject to many practical objections overcome by my invention.
First. I combine appliances for circulating refrigerating medium with apparatus
for the production of ice so that both the cooling of air in the store or chamber and
the production of ice are carried on simultaneously. By this means when the
appliances for circulating refrigerating medium are stopped the melting of the ice
will prevent any appreciable rise of temperature in the store or chamber.
Second. I so combine the ice making portion of the apparatus with the store or
chamber that blocks of ice may be obtained if required from the ice making apparatus
without entering the said store or chamber.
Third. I provide a way or ways for the circulation of air or gas through the cold
store and in contact with refrigerating appliances and I provide such way or ways
with a valve or valves operated by preference from outside the chamber so that the
circulation of the air or gas may be readily stopped and controlled.
Fourth. I provide the store or ways or both with wire gauze or like material
through which the air or gas is caused to flow and on which it will deposit moisture.
The said wire gauze or like material are preferably in contact with the refrigerating
appliances so as to be maintained by conduction at a sufficiently low temperature to
condense and freeze moisture in the air or gas. I also provide partitions or plates
for ensuring more uniform circulation of air and gas.
Fifth. cause brine or other non-freezing medium to drip from one cooling surface
to another in such manner that the air or gas to be cooled is brought in immediate
contact with non-freezing liquid cooled by direct contact with cold surfaces. In
combination therewith I provide a chamber where the air is deprived of superfluous
moisture.
Dated this Seventh day of March 1890.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Refrigerating and Ice-making.
I FREDERICK NOEL MACKAY of 16 Mark Lane London in the County of
Middlesex Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement':—
The object is to provide improved apparatus for more readily cooling and drying
air or gas for use in cold stores or chambera and for maintaining the said air in a
cool dry condition for some considerable time after the refrigerating apparatus has
D

page_text: ceased to work either owing to accident or necessity of stopping the machinery
during the night or at other times. Such maintenance of temperature is at present
effected by brine stored in vessels or cooling pipes or by cooling the contents of the
store or chamber to a lower temperature than is necessary or desirable. Both systems
are subject to many practical objections overcome by my invention.
First. I combine appliances for circulating refrigerating medium with apparatus
for the production of ice, so that both the cooling of air in the store or chamber, and
the production of ice are carried on simultaneously. By this means when the
appliances for circulating refrigerating medium is stopped the melting of the ice
will prevent any appreciable rise of temperature in the store or chamber.
Second. I so combine the ice making portion of the apparatus with the store or
chamber that blocks of ice may be obtained if required from the ice making apparatus
without entering the said store or chamber.
Third. I provide a way or ways for the circulation of air or gas through the cold
store and in contact with refrigerating appliances and I provide such way or ways
with a valve or valves operated by preference from outside the chamber so that the
circulation of the air or gas may be readily stopped and controlled.
Fourth. I provide the store or ways or both with wire gauze or like material
through which the air or gas is caused to flow and on which it will deposit moisture.
The said wire gauze or like material are preferably in contact with the refrigerating
appliances so as to be maintained by conduction at a sufficiently low temperature
to condense and freeze moisture in the air or gas. I also provido partitions or plates
for ensuring more uniform circulation of air and gas.
Fifth. I cause brine or other non-freezing medium to drip from one cooling surface
to another in such manner that the air or gas to be cooled is brought in immediate
contact with non-freezing liquid cooled by direct contact with cold surfaces. In
combination therewith I provide a chamber where-the air is deprived of superfluous
moisture.
In all the views the same letters denote like parts.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a cold store fitted with refrigerating and ice making
apparatus under the first, second, and third parts of my invention. 1 is the store
divided into four compartments 2, 3, 4 and 5 and having a chamber 6 at the top.
7 is an ice making vessel provided at the top with apertures for receiving moulds 8,
in which ice is formed. The moulds are inserted and removed through the way 9
leading to the chamber 6. 10 are pipes leading from the bottom of the vessel 7 to
the bottom of a coil, worm, or nest of tubes 11. 12 are pipes leading from the top of
the tubes 11 to the top of the vessel 7. 13 are evaporation or refrigeration tubes
leading through the vessel 7 from an ammonia, or equivalent refrigerating machine.
14 are air ways leading to and from the compartments 2, 3, 4 and 5. 15 are valves
for regulating and shutting off the flow of air through the ways 14.
The action is as follows:-The refrigerating tubes 13, cool the brine in the vessel 7
below freezing point and ice is formed in the moulds 8. The valves 15 being open,
the air in contact with the parts 7 and 11 becomes cooled and falls to the bottom of
the compartments whilst the warmer air in the said compartments flows through the
ways 14 in the direction of the arrows and a constant circulation of air is maintained.
As the air in contact with the tubes 11, warms the brine therein the said brine is
caused to circulate up the pipes 12 and down the pipes 10.
The vessel 7 may advantageously be corrugated on the outside to afford more
cooling surface.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section and Fig. 3 is a plan of apparatus under my invention
illustrating more particularly the fourth part thereof, here the nest of brine
circulation tubes 11, and also the refrigeration tubes 13 are placed horizontally in the
air ways 14. Wire gauze 16 is secured in the said ways in contact with the
tubes 11 and 13 and also in contact with the vessel 7 so that the air in circulation

page_text: will pass through the said gauze and deposit its moisture thereon in the form of
17 are gutters in which any drippings are run off.
snow.
It will be obvious that when the refrigerating machine is out of action the ice in
the moulds and on the wire gauze will prevent for some time the temperature of
the store from rising to an injurious extent.
Fig. 4 is n vertical section of apparatus under the fifth part of my invention.
18 is a chamber divided by a hollow partition 19 into two compartments containing
refrigerating tubes 13. 20 air inlet, 21 directing valve, 22 air outlet, 23 perforated
brine pipes, 24 brine circulating pipe, 24× brine pump, 25 brine directing valves.
The action is as follows:-Brine is pumped from the bottom of the chamber 18, and
caused to flow throngh one of the pipes 23, onto the set of refrigerating tubes 13
down which the brine is dripping. The air becomes cooled by direct contact with
the brine and deposits any moisture taken up on the other set of tubes 13.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
Q
First. The combination of apparatus for circulating refrigerating fluid with
apparatus for the production of ice, substantially in the manner and for the purpose
set forth.
Second. The combination of refrigerating apparatus with ice making apparatus
in a cold store so that blocks of ice may be obtained substantially as set forth.
Third. The combination of refrigerating apparatus, cold stores, air passages and
valves substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Fourth. The combination of a cold store refrigerating apparatus and air ways
with wire gauze or like material substantially in the manner and for the purpose
Bet forth.
Fifth. Apparatus for cooling air by direct contact with refrigerating liquid and
afterwards drying the said air by contact with cold surfaces substantially as
set forth.
Dated the Tonth dow of Doomben 1000