OR IMPROVED TYPE WRITER
Year: 1884

page_text: I, MARSHALL ARTHUR WIER 3 Palace Grove Upper Norwood_Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for NEW OR IMPROVED TYPE WRITER
to be as follows:-
:-
Two end pieces of suitable shape are connected together by two parallel rods
placed at convenient distances apart one above the other. Upon these rods a
sliding frame is placed free to slide to & fro from end to end. This frame carries
on one of its sides a rocking piece of suitable shape having wheels or friction
pulleys on its face so placed, that a flat bar or rod shall be free to slide to & fro
when placed between them. The rocking piece is kept in its place. Firstly, by a
stud at its back fitting into a corresponding hole in the side of the sliding frame.
Secondly, by a bridge standing out from the face of the rocking piece leaving
sufficient space for the flat bar to move to & fro freely Thirdly, by a screw
passing through the other side of the sliding frame, The stud & screw forming the
pivots upon which the rocking piece works.
The flat bar carries upon its side the Types, which may be cast in one piece or
they may be arranged in a row of separate & changeable type, or a riband of
métal having the letters embossed upon its face may be suitably attached.
I also employ a rod of suitable size & shape having several rows of letters or
Type upon its sides at convenient distances apart. This rod is placed upon the
side of the flat bar in such manner that by means of pivots and handle the rod
may be turned so as to bring the rows of type into place with which it is desired
to print.
For the purpose of spacing the letters and words motion is given to the sliding
frame by means of a pulley around which a catgut, chain, or other suitable cord or
band is passed, the two ends of the cord being fastened to two studs at the top of
the end-pieces. The cord may be tightened by twisting it. A ratchet wheel,
click, and arm are suitably employed to give motion to the pulley. A stud or
short arm projects from the rocking piece in such a manner as to press against the
arm carrying the ratchet click gearing into the ratchet wheel of the pulley, or a
ratchet rack may be employed instead of the cord together with ratchet click and
arm. The flat bar having the Type attached on one side has fixed to the other and
opposite side a rack made with the teeth pointed & triangular, a tooth corre-
sponding to each letter of Type. The rack is designed for the purpose of guiding

page_text: the Type to its right place when the flat bar is pressed downward to print.
A stud of a corresponding triangular form is conveniently placed or fixed to the
sliding frame for the rack to take into when the Type bar is depressed. For the
purpose of holding the paper to be printed upon I employ rollers of suitable size,
touching each other at their sides. On the top of one roller a flat rod is made to
rest, the ends of the rod being attached to suitably shaped pieces which are hinged
or pivoted to the back part of the end pieces. The other roller is pivoted to the
end pieces, a rod is also suitably placed in front of the rollers to keep the paper in
its place. The paper to be printed on, when in its place, forms a ridge in passing
over the roller & the flat rod on its top, similar to my Type Writer No 21 dated
January 1st 1884. The rod is covered with leather or other soft material to
prevent the Type being injured when printing.
One of the rollers has a ratchet wheel, click & lever so placed at one end that
motion can be given to it to cause the paper to be moved forward for the purpose
of spacing the lines. This movement may be made adjustable by means of a screw
-which-will-only-permit-the-lever_to_be_moved_a_certain_distance. The Inker
consists of a pad attached to an arm, swinging from a stud projecting from the
rocking piece. Another stud projects from the sliding frame and passes into a slot
in the arm.
The normal position of the pad, is, when it presses against the face of
the Type. On pressing the flat or Type bar down the inker is caused to move
sideways by means of the stud that projects from the sliding piece. The pad may
be hinged or pivoted to the arm. A small counterweight being attached to the pad
piece causes the pad, when returning to its normal position to press against and
ink the Type; or instead of the counterweight a spring and cam may be used.
In working the Type Writer the action is as follows: To place the paper in its
place, the machine is slightly tipped backwards, this lifts one of the. rollers & the
front rod upwards away from the other roller, which remains in its normal position.
The paper is then laid down where desired upon the roller and the machine
brought down again. This action causes one roller to press against the other and
nips or clasps the paper between them. The rod in front presses the paper down so
as to be out of the way. The sliding frame is then moved to its starting place by
taking hold of & pinching the ratchet arm and projecting stud of the rocking piece
and sliding tlie frame sideways to an adjustable stop placed on the guide rods. The
Type bar is moved along through the sliding frame until a pointer which is placed
on the top of the Type bar points to the required letter or figure upon a scale
beside it. The Type bar is then dépressed and a corresponding letter will be
printed. The words are spaced by depressing the Type bar slightly.
1

page_text: :
2
Two end pieces A. Fig. 1, 2 & 3. of suitable shape are connected together by two
parallel rods B B placed at convenient distances apart one above the other. Upon
these rods a sliding frame or carriage C is placed free to slide to and fro from end
to end. This frame carries on one of its sides a rocking piece D of suitable shape
having wheels or friction pulleys E on its face, so placed that a flat bar or rod F
shall be free to slide to and fro when placed between them. The rocking piece is
kept in its place, first, by a stud G at its back fitting into a corresponding hole in
the side of the sliding frame or carriage C, second, by a bridge H standing out from
the rocking piece D leaving sufficient space for the flat bar to move to and fro
freely third, by a screw I passing through the other side of the sliding frame or
carriage C. The stud and screw forming the pivots upon which the rocking piece
works. Fig 4, the flat bar, carries upon its sides the types, which may be cast in.
one piece or may be arranged in a row of separate and changable type or a ribbon
of metal having the letters embossed upon its face may be suitably attached.
I also employ a rod of suitable size and shape having several rows of letters or
types upon its sides at convenient distances apart. This rod is placed upon the
side of the flat bar in such manner that by means of pivots and handle the rod may
be turned so as to bring the row of types into place with which it is desired to.
print.
Fig 4 illustrates the above Type bar. The knob or handle a, which is held
between the thumb and finger.when writing with the machine, is geared with the
Type roller b, by means of a pair of bevelled wheels c, so that by turning the knob
or handle round the Type roller b is also turned. A small scale d, conveniently
placed round the knob together with a pointer or index mark upon the knob are.
used for the purpose of guiding the operator to the kind of type to be used
A spring e, is made to press against the flat sides of the roller where the different
rows of type are placed for the purpose of bringing the row of type into position
and holding it while writing.
For the purpose of spacing the letters or words, motion is given to the sliding
frame or carriage C, by means of a pulley K, around which a catgut, chain or other
suitable cord or band L, is passed; the two ends of the cord being fastened to the

page_text: two studs M at the top of the end pieces. This cord may be tightened by twisting
it. A ratchet wheel N click and arm O P are suitably employed to give motion to
the pulley. A stud Q or short arm, projects from the rocking piece and passes
into a slot in the arm 0, so that when the rocking piece is oscillated by depressing
the type bar, motion is given to the ratchet wheel K by the ratched click P taking
into and moving it on lifting the type bar again. Or a ratchet rack may be
employed instead of the cord together with the ratchet click and arm.
The flat bar F having the type attached on one side, has fixed to the other side a
rack R, made with the teeth pointed and triangular a tooth corresponding to each
letter or type.
This rack is designed for the purpose of guiding the type to its place when the
bar is depressed to print. A stud S, of a corresponding triangular shape is con-
veniently placed or fixed to the sliding frame for the rack to take into when the
type bar is depressed. *:
For the purpose of holding the paper to be printed upon, I employ two rollers
TT of suitable size touching each other at their sides.
On the top of one roller a flat rod U is made to rest, the ends of the rod being
attached to suitably shaped pieces N¹ which are hinged or pivoted to the back part
of the end pieces. A rod W is also suitably placed in front of the roller to keep
the paper in its place.
The paper to be printed upon when in its place, forms a ridge in passing over
the roller having the flat rod on its top-this rod is covered with leather or other
soft material to prevent the type being injured when writing-One of the rollers
has a ratchet wheel, click and lever X, so placed at one end, that motion may be
given to it to cause the paper to be moved forward for the purpose of spacing the
lines. This movement may be made adjustable by means of a screw X' which will
only permit the lever to be moved a certain distance..
The inker Y Fig 5, consists of a pad f, attached to an arm g. swinging from a
stud h, projecting from the rocking piece another stud i, projects from the sliding
frame or carriage and passes into a slot in the arm g. The normal position of the
pad f is when it presses against the face of the type. On pressing the type bar
downwards the inker is caused to move sideways by means of the stud i, that
projects from the sliding frame or carriage. The pad f may be hinged or pivoted
to the arm g. and a small counterweight j. being attached to the pad piece causes
the pad when returning to its normal position to press against and ink, the type;
or instead of the counterweight a spring or cam may be used.
.
In working the type writer the action is as follows: To place the paper in its
place, the machine is slightly tipped backward-this lifts one of the rollers T and
the front rod W upward away from the other roller, which remains in its normal
position. The paper is then laid down where desired upon the other roller and the
machine brought down again and locked by spring catches or by its own weight.
This action causes one roller to press against the other and nips or clasps the paper
between them, or an additional pressure may be obtained by two bent springs
resting alternately against one of the guide rods B and the roller T. The rod W
in front presses the paper down so as to be out of the way. The sliding frame or
carriage C, is then moved to its starting place, by taking 'hold' of and pinching the
ratchet arm O and projecting stud Q of the rocking piece and sliding the frame or
carriage sideways to an adjustable stop placed upon the guide rods. The Type bar
is then passed through the space between the rollers on the rocking piece and
moved or slid along until a pointer 1, Fig 4, which is placed on top of the type bar,
points to the required letter or figure upon the scale or index m, beside it'; the
type bar is then depressed and a corresponding letter will be printed. The words
are spaced by depressing the type bar slightly, but not sufficient to print: two
quick depressions, similar to a shake, are sufficient.
The index m, is hinged to the sliding frame or carriage, so as to fold back, or it
may be made attachable by a suitable device. The inking pad is removed or
changed by sliding off the holder, as with the pen nib.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
1 claim is
1. In a Type Writer the employment of a Type bar having several rows of
different types to be used as required while writing.
2. The combination in a Type Writer of the said Type bar with the rocking
piece D, and sliding frame or carriage C.
3. The combination in a Type Writer of the cord L pulley K, ratchet wheel N
click & arm O for the purpose of giving motion to the said carriage.
4. In a Type Writer the combination and arrangement of parts substantially as
described and illustrated in the drawings.
Dated this thirty first day of January 1885