Machinery for Shearing Metal Bars, Blooms, Ingots, and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 29th May, 1897
Machinery for Shearing Metal Bars, Blooms, Ingots, and the like.
1, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Lond, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has been
cominunicated to me from abroad by the Kalker Werkzeugsmaschinenfabrik,
L. W. Breuer, Schumacher & Co., Kalk, near Cologne, Germany, Manufacturers)
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement: -
When shearing heavy bars, blooms, ingots, &c. the disadvantage arises that the
har to be ent has a tendency to cant over whereby an oblique cut is produced.
Furthermore, in cutting from above, expensive whippers are required, while in
cutting fron below special arrangements are required for preventing the rising nu
subsequent falling of the blocks.
The disadvantages are avoided according to the present invention by the use of
two moveable shearing blades and blade carriers, as I will describe with reference
to the accompanying drawings which show by way of example three constructions
of the machine for the purpose.
Figure 1 shews a sectional front view of the shearing machine ;
Figure 2 shews a section on line a-b Figure 1;
Figure 3 a section on line c-d Figure 1;
Figure 4 a sectional plan on line e-f Figures 1 and 3.
Figures 5 and 6 shew a vertical cross section and a sectional front view of an
arrangement with the hydraulic cylinder F situated below.
In the last named arrangement the raising cylinders N N are carried on the
base S to which the pressure cylinder F is secured by the connecting bolts K under
the upper plate R.
By the discharge of steam from the cylinders N the upper blade carrier D is
pressed by its own weight down upon the bar G, whereupon after the entrance of
the pressure fluid into the cylinder F the piston E with the blade carrier C rises
causing the blades L M to shear the bar.
Figures 7, 8 and 9 shew in longitudinal .section, front view, and plan, the
arrangement of the shearing machine in a horizontal position. The base S hero
forms the guide on which the pressure cylinder F slides, whose functions are
otherwise the same as in the arrangement at Figures 1 to 6 only that the cutter
blade carrier does not in this case act by gravity.
Referring to Figures 1 to 4 the two cutter blade carriers C and D are guided
in the framing composed of the uprights A and cross bars B. The uprights A
carry at top the cylinder F formed in a crosshead R and in this cylinder works the
piston E.
The bar G to be cut is pushed on rollers H between the uprights A (which may
have a cheek J Figure 2) and into the opened shearing blades; pressure fluid is
now admitted int the pressure cylinder F, whereupon the upper blade carrier C
first sinks until the edge of its cutter blade L bears upon the bar G so as to press
the same firmly upon the frame A J.
The continued fluid pressure in the cylinder F then raises this, together with the
lower blade carrier upwards; so that the latter effects the shearing of the bar by
means of its cutter blade M, the cut being effected straight and smooth past the
clamped part of the bar G.

page_text: When the shearing has been effected, the pressure fluid is discharged from F.
whereby the cross-head R with the cylinder F and the lower blade carrier D
sink again.
After this has been done, steam is admitted into the cylinders N whereby the
upper blade carrier C with its piston E is again raised until the shearing blades L M
are again sufficiently apart for effecting a fresh cut.
In the arrangement at Figures 1 to 4 the raising cylinders N are fixed on
brackets on the lower blade-carrier D while their piston rods P P are fixel
to lugs QQ on the upper blade carrier C.
It follows from this that, like the pressure cylinder F, the cylinders N N also
operate both upwards and downwards, in raising the one blade carrier and lowering
the other one the weight of both being made to operate favourably for effecting a
rapid working of the machine.
The stroke of the shearing blades is accurately limited by the distance between
the upper cross bars B and the bar G to be cut, or by that between the upper and
lower blade carriers. If for opening the shears downwards it is desired only to
utilize the action of gravity on the lower blade carrier, the two lifting cylinders N,
instead of being fixed to the lower blade carrier, can be fixed to the framing A or
to the ground.
If it be desired to avoid the use of the connecting bolts K, the arrangement
may be such that the lower blade carrier D, the upper crosshead R with the
pressure cylinder and the connection of both parts are made a single closed
frame.
If for working a shearing machine of the above described construction it be
desired to employ a suitable valve gear, the pressure is in the first instance
discharged from the two raising cylinders N; the upper blade carrier C then sinks
by its own weight until it rests on the bar G to be cut, while at the same time the
pressure cylinder F is filled with charging water. When fluid pressure is now
admitted to F, the expenditure will only be an amount exactly corresponding to
the thickness of the bar G, as any farther extent of motion of the cutter blade
beyond the thickness of the bar is prevented by the limitation of the stroke of the
blade carriers as above described.
All fractures of the parts are avoided, as all the pressing forces are taken by the
two connecting bolts K.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
.
1. A shearing machine having two moveable shearing blade carriers of which
the oue, C, clamps the bar G to be cut firmly upon the fixed abutment of the
framing A, while the lower blade carrier shears the bar from below upward,
substantially as described.
2. A shearing machine such as is referred to in the first claim in which the
motion of the two shearing blades or blade carriers is effected by means of a
hydraulic pressing device E F operating simultaneously upwards and downwards,
substantially as described.
3. A shearing machine such as is referred to in the first claim in which raising
cylinders N N are provided on the lower blade carrier for raising the upper and
lowering the lower blade carrier, substantially as described.
4. A shearing machine such as is referred to in the first claim, arranged in a
horizontal position substantially as described with reference to Figures 7 to 9.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.