Improvements in Treating Iron Tablets for Ornamental and Advertising Purposes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 4th June, 1890
Complete Specification Left. 25th Feb.. 1891-Accepted, 25th Apr., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Treating Iron Tablets for Ornamental and
Advertising Purposes.
I, JOSEPH CAVALLI, of 192, Kennington Park Road, in the County of Surrey,
Lithographer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved method of treating iron tablets for
ornamental and advertising purposes generally, and is termed by me "Litho-smalto-
iron," and I am enabled to permanently fix upon said tablets any subject that can
be produced upon, or by a lithographic stone, such as plans, maps, sketches or
drawings, in suitable colors.
In carrying my invention into effect I use tablets of iron that have been
previously enamelled, and print the design or delineation thereon using mineral
colors. After each tablet has received the impression it is placed in a furnace
and heated until the colors and outline have become incorporated with the enamel,
presenting a smooth and translucent surface, without causing the impressed colors
to become blurred or otherwise injured.
Iron tablets prepared according to my invention are perfectly weatherproof and
durable and any design or pattern may be indelibly transferred thereto without
alteration or modification of the original colors, and I am enabled to produce
upon said enamelled surface any subject that is capable of re-production by
lithography.
D
1800
FREDK. WALKER & HYDE,
4, Moorfields, Fore Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Treating Iron Tablets for Ornamental and
Advertising Purposes.
I, JOSEPH CAVALLI, of 192, Kennington Park Road, in the County of Surrey,
Lithographer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved method of treating iron tablets, for
ornamental and advertising purposes generally, and is termed by me "Litho-smalto-
iron, and by the means adopted by me, and hereinafter fully explained, I am
enabled to permanently fix upon said tablets, any subject that can be produced
upon, or by, a lithographic stone, such as plans, maps, sketches, or drawings, in any
color, or colors, the object of my invention being, to re-produce upon enamelled
iron, exact fac-similes of highly, and delicately finished subjects, drawn upon a
stone, which cannot be done by any of the known methods hitherto adopted.
In carrying my invention into effect I draw, or sketch upon a lithographic stone,
or use a lithographic stone upon which is already drawn, or sketched, the subject
desired to be re-produced upon the iron tablet. I then procure two pieces of
cardboard, preferably, of the same size as the iron tablet. Each of said cards I
coat upon one side with a solution made from gum arabac, or any other suitable
gum of a like nature, and place them aside to dry. The iron plate, or tablet
intended to receive the design upon the stone I coat upon one side with a suitable
When said enamel
enamel, which may be of any of the best kinds in general use.
is set and hard, and the gum upon the cards is dry, I pass the latter between

page_text: of
surface,
parts,
or
suitable press rolls, so as to insure a perfectly true and even
upon the
gummed or glazed side thereof. Upon one of said cards I take an impression
of the subject drawn upon the stone previously mentioned, but in substitution of
the usual ink. I make use of a preparation composed of two
thereabouts,
crystal copal varnish, and one part, or thereabouts of a compound commercially
known as copzaline. With this preparation 1 ink the stone in the usual way. The
impression taken upon said card being purely superficial by reason of the gum
thereon, previously described, preventing the inking preparation from soaking
thereinto, every detail of the imprint perfectly sharp and clear. Said card is
then placed upon the iron tablet, with its imprinted side next the enamel, and sub-
jected to pressure which imparts to the enamel of the iron the design, or
delineation, exactly as it appears upon the stone, every line being perfectly clear
and distinet, said tablet is then laid aside for a few minutes in order that the
imprint may partly set, or until it becomes what is known as "tucky." and by
reason of the high volatility of the preparation used as ink, a very few minute
will suffice for this purpose, and in the hands of a skilled operator this is easily
gauged.
Having decided upon the edor or tint intended to be usel, I procure this in fire
powder, which must in all cases he a mineral production) and dust this over the
face of the enamelled plate that has received the imprint, or counter print, from the
card, the coloral powder adhering only where such imprint exists, the superfluous
powder is then carefully dusted off, leaving the inked impression only, perfectly
covered with the color, every detail being still preserved. The tablet is then, or at
any subsequent period, placed in a furnace, and heated until the color, and outline
have become incorporated with the chamel, when it is removed from the firmaer
and put aside to enol, and when cold presents a smooth and translucent surface,
fully and clearly showing every line, and detail of the subject without causing the
imprinted matter or color to become blurred, or otherwise injured.
In order to facilitate the operation and economise time. I find in practice that
the best method of carrying out the operation is as follows.
Givon that the desired subject matter is upon the stone, and the two cards
glazed, dried and rolled, and the number of iron plates or tablets intended to be
treated are enamelled and ready for use. I take an impression from the inkel
stone upon one card and lay it aside. I then re-ink the stone, and place the second
card upon the stone in the same manner as the first, that is to say with the glazed
face of the earl next the inked face of the stone. Upon the lack of the card now
upon the stone. I place the back of one of the iron plates or tablets, so that its
enamelled face is uppermost, and upon this I place the first earl that I printed, so
that the imprinted side of the card, is next the enamelled face of the iron tablet, and
to facilitate the counter print from the card to the tablet, and to prevent rupture of
the euamel. I place upon the top of the latter card a thick flannel, or felt, pre-|
ferably the same size as the card. The whole may then be subjected to pressure
in
the same manner, and preferably by the same means, as lithographic printing
generally. By this means the one pressure from the machine, gives to the bottom
card an imprint of the matter upon the stone, and the iron tablet an imprint of the
matter upon the upper card, so that upon the removal of the whole from the press,
the upper card is removed from the tablet, and the tablet taken away and dusted
with color by a junior operative, and then treated in the furnace in the manner
previously described. The bottom end may now be removed from the stone and
laid aside in the same manner as was the card first printed. The stone may
now be again re-inked and the card that has just been taken off the tablet placed
thereon, in the same position as before, suitable registers being employed to
facilitate this, as in lithographic printing generally, and the operation repeated
until the whole of the iron tablets are finished. By this means, while the press
is printing upon the iron tablet from the one carl, the other card is thereby
receiving an impression from the stone, thus perfecting a saving in both time and
labor.

page_text: It is not necessary that the iron tablets should be put into the furnace
immediately after being dusted with the color in the manner described, but may
be so treated at any subsequent date, even to the extent of months if needed,
care of course being used that the matter thereon does not become scratched,
so that a further saving of time is effected by furnacing a number of tablets
together instead of one at a time.
Tron tablets prepared and treated in the manner described, and according to my
invention are perfectly waterproof, and the design or advertising matter thereon, as
durable, and immovable, as the designs, or patterns in ceramic and similar glazed
or enamelled earthenware, and any design, or pattern may be indelibly imprinted
upon, and incorporated with the enamel upon the iron plates, in the manner
described without alteration, or modification of the original color, or colors, and
where necessary a picture, or design with more than one color therein, may be
reproduced upon the enamelled iron by repeating the described operation for each
color, in the same manner as lithographic printing upon paper, and I am enabled to
reproduce upon enamelled iron in the manner set forth, any subject that is capable
of reproduction by lithography.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st. For improvements in enamelled iron tablets for ornamental and advertising
purposes the method of and means for carrying out the same substantially as
herein described.
2nd. For improvements in enamelled iron tablets for ornamental and advertising
purposes, the use and application of gunmed, or glazed and rolled cards, for taking
an impression from a design upon a lithographic stone, previously inked with a
preparation composed of crystal copal varnish, and copzaline, the manner of
counter printing upon enamelled iron, the imprinted matter upon said card, and
incorporated mineral colors dusted upon said imprint, with the enamel upon the
iron, by the application of heat substantially as and for the purposes herein
described.
3rd. For improvements in enamelled iron tablets for ornamental and advertising
purposes, the employment and use as ink, of a preparation composed of two parts
or thereabouts of crystal copal varnish, and one part or thereabouts of a compound
known as copzaline, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
Dated this 25th day of February 1901.
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
4, Moorfields, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.
on 11AAN QING
T