Improved Hot-air and Vapour Bath Apparatus.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 19th Oct., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Hot-air and Vapour Bath Apparatus.
I, SALLI MASCHKE of 171, Alte-Jacobstrasse, Berlin in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide an apparatus by means of which either
a hot air or a vapour bath, or the two combined can be readily obtained.
This apparatus differs from known apparatus of the kind by the simplicity of
its construction and use, and is further distinguished by the fact that the
temperature of the air and the production of vapour can be regulated in a very
simple manner.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 shows an elevation of a bath apparatus constructed in accordance with
the invention,
Figure 2 a section of same taken on the line x-y of Figure 1,
Figure 3 a sectional elevation of the stove as put together for a vapour bath,
Figure 4 a sectional elevation of the stove as put together for a hot air bath
Figure 5 a sectional elevation of the stove as put together for a hot-air and vapour
bath combined, and
Figure 6 a plan of Figure 4.
The outer casing of the stove is made in two parts a and b, and may be of iron or
other suitable material. Around the upper rim or edge of each of these parts are
formed holes or slots a¹ b¹; the lip or rim below the cover or lid c is also provided
with holes or slots c¹ so arranged that when the said cover or lid is placed on either
of the parts a or the holes in the said lip or rim of the cover can be brought to
coincide with the holes in the upper rim or edge of the said part a or b. Both
parts a and b can be placed together over one another as shown in Figure 4, and
the part bis provided at its lower edge with an enlarged or flanged portion 62 which
forms a socket that passes over the upper edge or rim of the part a and covers the
holes or slots a¹ therein or leaves them open according as the holes or slots 6³ made
in the socket 62 correspond or not with those in the part a. In like manner the
holes in the upper or lower part a or b of the stove can be covered or opened by
means of the lip or rim of the cover c by turning the latter in a suitable direction.
By these means one can easily and quickly ascertain whether the holes a', b¹, c',
and are opened or closed. On both parts a and b, on the socket 62 and on the
cover c are cast or secured stops a³, b, and c³ which come in contact with one
another and prevent further turning of the upper part 6 or of the cover c after it
has been turned into position to open or close the holes, as the case may be. The
cover or lid itself consists of two parts c and d which, as in an ordinary stove, can
be placed together as shown in Figures 4 and 6. The part d or lid is provided as
usual with a central hollow and a cross bar as shown, so that it can be easily taken
off the part c or placed thereon by means of a hook inserted between the hollow
part and the cross bar. For the purpose of generating steam the lid d is removed
and a boiler e of any suitable kind filled with water is put in its place in the part c
of the cover (see Figures 2, 3 and 5). This boiler is provided with an opening
through which the water to be evaporated can be introduced, and which can be closed
by a screw plug e¹. The boiler is also provided with an outlet pipe e² to which is
fixed at right angles a horizontal pipe provided with numerous fine holes through
which the steam escapes.

page_text: At the lower edge of the part a are arranged feet a' by means of which the said
part a can be fixed to the floor of the enclosing box or casing A of the apparatus,
so that the casing of the stove is concentric with the opening A¹ in the said floor.
The said opening A' allows of the passage of the flame from the heating apparatus B,
which is to be placed under the box or casing A, into the interior of the stove, whilst
the holes A around the opening A' allow of the passage of the air to be heated. If
desired there can be placed within the opening A' a funnel whereby the flame is
held together or concentrated.
To use the apparatus as a hot-air bath the cover c together with its lid d is either
placed directly on the part a or, preferably, on the part 6 placed upon the part a
as shown in Figure 4, care being taken that the holes in the edge of the
upper part 6 coincide with those in the rim or lip of the cover c. By suitably
turning this cover by means of a key applied to the square the openings which
allow the warm air to escape from the stove may be enlarged or reduced at
pleasure and the temperature in the box or casing A thereby regulated as may be
required.
To use the apparatus as a vapour bath the upper part b is taken off from the
lower part a the cover c is placed on the latter and the boiler e in the said
cover as shown in Figures 2 and 3. In this case the holes for the hot air are
closed.
To use the apparatus as a combined hot air and vapour bath the apparatus is put
together as shown in Figure 2, the cover c being so placed that the holes in its lip
or rim coincide more or less with the holes in the upper edge of the part a according
to the temperature required so that the hot air can escape into the box or casing A,
see also Figure 5.
The construction of the stove casing in two parts enables the lower part a to be
used alone so that, both for the purpose of a vapour bath and of a combined
hot air and vapour bath, the boiler e can be brought as near as possible to the flame
of the heating apparatus B, or the two parts a and b can be used together so that
a very large heating surface can be obtained when a hot-air bath is required,
see Figure 4.
It will be readily understood that the above described apparatus can be easily
and quickly adapted for the purposes of a hot-air, or vapour bath, or for a hot-air
and vapour bath combined. In any case the regulation of the temperature in the
box or casing A is effected in a very simple manner. A thermometer F may be
provided for the purpose of indicating the temperature, it may be fixed in any
suitable manner in the cover of the box or casing A so that it can be easily seen by
the person taking the bath who passes his head through an appropriate opening in
the said box or casing.
The construction of the box or casing A differs from that of the ordinary well known
hot-air and vapour bath apparatuses in that the cross section of the box or case is
not rectangular or square but is rounded or tapered off in front (see Figure 1) so that
the internal space is very much limited and the amount of heat to be generated
reduced thereby to a minimum.
The chair C, as also the foot stool D are made adjustable, so that they can be raised
or lowered, according to the way the stove is put together. Below the seat of the
chair is hung a sheet iron screen which prevents the vapour and hot gases from
acting directly upon the chair.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved hot-air and vapour bath apparatus in which the stove casing
consists of two or more parts a, b, adapted to be placed together one over the other,
the upper edges of the said parts being provided with holes or slots a', b', with
which corresponding holes or slots c¹ in the lower rim or lip of the cover c, or
corresponding holes or slots 63 in the lower edge of the part 6 can be made to

page_text: coincide, or not, at pleasure by turning the said cover c, or the said upper part b, as
the case may be; and in which the cover of the stove is adapted to receive a boiler
for the production of vapour, substantially as described.
Dated this 12th day of August 1895.
S. MASCHKE,
Per W. H. Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.
S. MASCHKE,
Per W. H. Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.