Year: 1896

page_text: 1, EMILE LAROCHE, of 119, Rue du Ranelagh, Paris, France, Doctor of
Medicine, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a construction of stove designed chiefly for heating bed-
chambers and small flats and possessing numerous advantages over stoves as usually
made, amongst which are the following:-
(1.) It is impossible for the noxious gases to be driven back into the room in
which the stove is situated;
(2.) There is no risk that the carbonic oxide may pass through the walls of the
stove or be formed in the atmosphere in contact with the said walls;
(3.) Saving in fuel, because with the same quantity of fuel there is produced
a greater amount of heat.
Finally, the stove aids greatly in ventilating the room and may be placed in a
room that has no fire-place.
A stove according to my invention is illustrated in the accompanying
drawings,
Fig. 1 being a front elevation, Fig. 2 a side elevation, Fig. 3 a vertical section,
Fig. 4 a section on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1, Fig. 5 a section on the line 5 5 of
Fig. 1 Fig. 6 a section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 1, and
Fig. 7 a view illustrating the general arrangement of the stove.
The stove comprises two main parts, viz. :-an inner body A in which
combustion takes place, and an outer casing E, which is intended for heating the
fresh air supplied to the room in which the stove is situated. The inner body is
of semi-circular shape in cross section at its rear part, and flat in front. It is
closed hermetically at the top and the bottom. The front face is provided with
two doors a and B which should shut as hermetically as possible; the former serves
to afford access to the ash-pit, and the latter serves to allow the firing to be effected
by means of the shell C as hereinafter explained.
The door B is formed with a number of rebates b (Fig. 4) one of which serves
for the reception of a sheet of mica b' which enables the fuel to be observed during
combustion. The other rebates serve for the fixing of gratings 6, which protect
the mica internally and externally.
As the doors a and B are arranged to shut quite hermetically, the result is that
the inner hody of the stove in which the combustion takes place, constitutes an
entirely closed-in chamber into which, but for the arrangements now to be described,
the external air could not penetrate for the purpose of feeding the fire.
The external air enters the stove through a special pipe F, which is hereinafter
referred to as the "draught-pipe." This pipe, which commences outside the room
or flat, joins the stove at its rear and opens into a small square box G which
contains a register that serves for regulating the draught. This box has an inuer
opening which is situated below the fire-place and through which passes to the
latter the air necessary to support combustion. By moving the plate g further
from or nearer to the opening, which is effected by means of the screw g', a

page_text: greater or less amount of air is allowed to enter and the draught is thereby
regulated (see Fig. 3).
After having passed through the fire, the air that has entered through the pipe F
becomes mixed with the products of combustion and the mixture passes off through
the outlet-pipef of the stove and escapes through the flue-pipe f (Fig. 7).
It will therefore be seen that this stove possesses a circulation which is entirely
independent of the room in which it is situated, and that therefore noxious gases
cannot possibly be forced back into the room.
For the purpose of supplying heated fresh air to the room I arrange around the
inner body of the stove the second casing E between which and the body A fresh
air enters and afterwards escapes into the room through suitable outlet-orifices.
At that
The casing E is in contact with the rear part of the inner body A of the stove
(see Figs. 4 and 5) and from there passes further and further away therefrom,
finally, however, meeting with, and ending at, each side of the flat front of the
inner body. Air drawn in from the outside circulates in the space between the
casing E and the body A of the stove and is heated before passing out through
two orifices H. The air is delivered into the space just mentioned by a pipe D,
which takes in the air from the outside, or from an adjacent room, and is situated
under the draught-pipe F at the place where it comes under the stove.
place it is divided into two branches d and d' so as to connect with two openings
in the base-plate, which allow the air to enter the space aforesaid. The air-supply
pipe D is provided with a damper d³ (operated externally by means of a handle d³)
for closing and opening the pipe as desired. By means of this arrangement the
stove aids to a considerable extent in ventilating the room. Combustion takes
place in a shell C constructed with rather high back and side walls. The front
portion is open, and the bottom is composed of an iron grating upon which the
fuel rests. This shell is adapted to be inserted into the stove through the door B,
and slides along therein on two iron rails. The main object of this shell is to
maintain the fire at a suitable distance from the walls or sides of the stove, with
which it is itself out of contact, as shown, and thus to prevent the said walls from
becoming red hot. With this arrangement there is no longer risk of any formation
or leakage of carbonic oxide.
On the top of the stove is a cast-metal gallery designed to mask a copper tray
for holding water to obviate the drying of the atmosphere. It will be obvious that
my stove does not receive any particle of air from the room in which it is situated.
Consequently it is absolutely impossible for noxious gases to enter the room, and
the stove may be left without danger in a bed-room.
The fire-place or chimney of a room should not be utilized for the passage of
the outlet-pipe for the gases from the stove, because, unless the same were
hermetically closed, the noxious gases might be forced back by the wind. The
outlet-pipe leading from the outlet-socket will therefore not be longer than is
necessary for conveying the products of combustion into the atmosphere. It should
rise from the outlet-socket to a height of from 2 metres to 2.50 metres in the
room, and then be led through the wall, and open outside without extra length.
It is preferable to use in this stove coal that does not make much smoke, and to
use the stove as a slow combustion apparatus. The stove can, however, burn all
kinds of fuel, and be made to produce energetic combustion.

page_text: I, EMILE LAROCHE, of 119 Rue du Ranelagh, Paris, France, Doctor of
Medicine, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to a construction of stove designed chiefly for heating
bed-chambers and small flats and possessing numerous advantages over stoves as
usually made, amongst which are the following:
(1.) It is impossible for the noxious gases to be driven back into the room in
which the stove is situated;
(2.) There is no risk that the carbonic oxide may pass through the walls of the
stove or be formed in the atmosphere in contact with the said walls;
(3.) Saving in fuel, because with the same quantity of fuel there is produced a
greater amount of heat; and
Finally, the stove aids greatly in ventilating the room and may be placed in a
room that has no fireplace.
A stove according to my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 being a front elevation Fig. 2 a side elevation Fig. 3 a vertical section,
Fig. 4 a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1,
Fig. 5 a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1 and
Fig. 6 a view illustrating the general arrangement of the stove.
The stove comprises two main parts viz. an inner body A in which combustion
takes place, and an outer casing E, which is intended for heating the fresh air
supplied to the room in which the stove is situated. The inner body is of semi-
circular shape in cross section at its rear part, and flat in front. It is closed
hermetically at the top and the bottom. At the front it is provided with two
doors a and B which should shut as hermetically as possible; the former serves to
afford access to the ash-pit, and the latter serves to allow the firing to be effected
as hereinafter explained.
The inner body of the stove may be advantageously formed of a single plate
of sheet metal bent at its two ends to form the top and bottom of the stove.
The door B is formed with a number of rebates 6 (Fig. 4) one of which serves
for the reception of a sheet of mica b' which enables the fuel to be observed
during combustion. The other rebates serve for the fixing of gratings 6, which
protect the mica internally and externally.
As the doors a and B are arranged to shut quite hermetically, the result is that
the inner body of the stove, in which the combustion takes place, constitutes an
entirely closed-in chamber into which but for the arrangements now to be described,
the external air could not penetrate for the purpose of feeding the fire. In order
that the doors may close thus hermetically there may be fixed on the internal face
of each door a frame u (Figs. 3 and 4) of copper or any other suitable material
which will fit tightly into a frame v fixed to the inner body A of the stove. These
two frames should be slightly bevelled, as shown.
The external air enters the stove through a special pipe F, which is hereinafter
referred to as the draught-pipe. This pipe, which as shewn commences outside
the room or flat, joints the stove at its rear and opens into a small square box G
(Fig. 3) which contains a register that serves for regulating the draught. This
box has an inner opening which is situated below the fire-place and through
which passes to the latter the air necessary to support combustion. By moving

page_text: the plate g further from or nearer to the opening, which is effected by means of a
screw 9, a greater or less amount of air is allowed to enter and the draught is
thereby regulated.
After having passed through the fire, the air that has entered
through the pipe F becomes mixed with the products of combustion and the
mixture passes off through the outlet-pipe f of the stove and escapes through a
flue pipe (Fig. 6).
It will be seen that this stove possesses a circulation which is eutirely independent
of the room in which it is situated, and that therefore noxious gases cannot possibly
be forced back into the room.
For the purpose of supplying heated fresh air to the room I arrange around
the inner body of the stove the second casing E between which and the body A
fresh air enters and afterwards escapes into the room through suitable outlet-
orifices.
The casing E is in contact with the rear part of the inner body A of the stove
(see Fig. 4) and from there passes further and further away therefrom, finally,
however, meeting with, and ending at, each side of the flat front of the inner body.
Air drawn in from the outside circulates in the space between the casing E and the
body A of the stove and is heated before passing out through the two orifices H.
The air is delivered into the space just mentioned by a pipe D, which takes in the
air from the outside, or from an adjacent room, and is situated under the draught-
pipe F at the place where it comes under the stove. At that place it is divided
into two branches d and d' so as to connect with two openings in the base-plate,
which allow the air to enter the space aforesaid. The air-supply pipe D is
provided with a damper d (operated externally by means of a handle d³) for
closing and opening the pipe as desired. By means of this arrangement the stove
aids to a considerable extent in ventilating the room. Combustion takes place in
a shell C constructed with rather high back and side walls. The front portion
is open, and the bottom is composed of an iron grating upon which the fuel
rests. This shell is adapted to be inserted into the stove through the door B, and
slide along therein on two iron rails. The main object of this shell is to
maintain the fire at a suitable distance from the walls or sides of the stove, with
which it is itself out of contact, as shown, and thus to prevent the said walls from
becoming red-hot. With this arrangement there is no longer risk of any formation
or leakage of carbonic oxide.
On the top of the stove is a cast-inetal gallery designed to mask a copper tray
for holding water to obviate the drying of the atmosphere.
It will be obvious that my stove does not receive any air from the room in
which it is situated. Consequently it is absolutely impossible for noxious gases
to enter the room, and the stove may be left without danger in a bedroom.
It is preferable not to utilize the fireplace or chimney of a room for the
passage of the outlet-pipe for the gases. Therefore the outlet-pipe leading from
the outlet-socket will not be longer than is necessary for conveying the products
of combustion into the atmosphere. It should rise from the outlet-socket to a
height of from 2 metres to 2-50 metres in the room, and then be led through the
wall, and open outside without extra length (see Fig. 6).
When necessary, however, the stove may be arranged in such a manner as to
utilize a fireplace or chimney for the passage of the pipe for the escape of the
gases. Figs. 7 and 8 represent this particular arrangement in vertical and
horizontal section respectively. In this case instead of resting on feet, the stove
rests on a base-piate. The outlet-pipe is arranged at a suitable height for its
convenient introduction into the fire-place or chimney. Moreover, the air supply
pipe D, instead of being arranged below the base, opens into the stove by means
of two branches behind the base (see Fig. 8).
It is preferable to use in this stove coal that does not make much smoke,
and to use the stove as a slow combustion apparatus. The stove can, however,
burn all kinds of fuel, and be made to produce energetic combustion.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A safety stove comprising a hermetically closed inner body A in which
combustion takes place and which is provided with two hermetically closing doors a
and B, and an outer jacket E which partly surrounds the said inner body and
between which and the said inner body air entering from the outside of the room
containing the stove is heated before passing into the said room through
openings H.
2. A stove of the kind referred to in the preceding claim provided with a
removable and portable shell C designed to hold the fuel, the said shell being so
arranged as to be entirely or almost entirely out of contact with the walls of
the inner body A in order to prevent the said walls from becoming red-hot and
the consequent formation of carbonic oxide.
3. A stove of the kind referred to in Claim 1 provided with a draught pipe F
which draws-in air from the outside of the room containing the stove and delivers
the same into a box G that is fitted with a register for regulating the draught,
whilst another opening in the said box, when it is not closed allows the air for
supporting combustion to enter the stove below the fireplace.
4. A stove of the kind referred to in Claim 1, provided with an air-supply pipe D
which draws-in from the outside of the room containing the stove the air necessary
for ventilating the room and causes the said air to circulate between the jacket Ĕ
and the inner body A so as to become heated before escaping into the room through
the apertures H.
5. A stove of the kind referred to in the preceding claims provided at its upper
part with a receptacle filled with water and delivering the products of combustion
outside the room containing it without requiring a smoke-flue for producing the
draught.
6. My improved stove constructed, arranged, and operating substantially as
hereinbefore described with reference to and shown in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive, and
as modified according to Figs. 7 and 8, of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this and day of Eshon100
Dated this 2nd day of February 1907
For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.