IMPROVEMENTS IN
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Chubb, of St. Paul's Churchyard, Patent
Lock Manufacturer, and John Goater, Lock Maker, in the employ
of the said John Chubb, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
"
Sealed the 16th March 1858, and dated the 21st January 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Chubb and
John Goater at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 21st January 1853.
We, JOHN CHUDD, of St. Paul's Churchyard, Patent Lock Manu-
facturer, and JOHN GOATER, Lock Maker, in the employ of the said
John Chubb, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS AND LATCHES " to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of forming the sliding bolt of a lock of two
parts, the one hinged to or moving on the other. A spring is applied
between the parts of the bolt, with a tendency to keep them correctly
together. The key only acts on the moveable part of the bolt, and any
pressure put on the bolt with a view to act on the tumblers separately

page_text: will be interfered with by the movement of the moveable part of the
bolt, which rises so as to press against the stump. The tumblers are
provided with inclined projections, which, acting against a stud on a
moveable part of the bolt, causes it to rise when the bolt is shot, and
any pressure applied tending to force the bolt back is resisted by the
stump till all the tumblers are lifted to their correct positions by a true
key. The lock is provided with a screen to the keyhole and detectors
to the tuniblers.
Another improvement.is, that on the screen is affixed a false bit,
which, on turning the screen, acts on the tumblers, but not correctly,
and they will only assume their correct position for opening when the
true key has been the cause of turning the screen. This part of the
Invention is more particularly applicable to latches or locks with
lifting bolts.
.:
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Chubb and John Goater in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 21st July 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME,.'we,
JOHN CHUBB, of St. Paul's Churchyard, Patent Lock Manufacturer,
and JOHN GOATER, Lock Maker, in the employ of the said John Chubb,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and graut unto us, the said John Chubb and John Goater, Her
special licence that we, the said John Chubb and John Goater,. our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
John Chubb and John Goater, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,

page_text: and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS AND
LATCHES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
John Chubb and John Goater, by an instrument in writing under our
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said. Letters Patent:
NOW.KNOW YE, that 1, the said John Chubb, on behalf of myself
and the said John Goater, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed; to.be.
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof (that is to say):
.
....
This Invention consists of forming the sliding bolt of a lock of two
parts, the one hinged to or moving on the other. A spring is applied.
between the parts of the bolt, with a tendency to keep them correctly
together. The key only acts on the moveable part of the bolt; and
any pressure put on the bolt with a view to act on the tumblers sepa-.
rately will be interfered with by the moveable part of the bolt, which
rises so as to press against the stump. The tumblers are provided
with inclined projections, which, acting against a stud on the moveable:
part of the bolt, causes it to rise when the bolt is shot, and any pressure
applied tending to force the bolt back is resisted by the stump till all the
tumblers are lifted to their correct positions by a true key. The lock is
provided with a screen to the keyhole, and detectors to the tumblers.
Another improvement is, that on the screen is affixed a false bit.
which, on turning the screen, acts on the tumblers, but not correctly.
and they will only assume their correct position for opening when the
true key has been the cause of turning the screen. This part of the
Invention is more particularly applicable to latches or locks with
lifting.bolts.
.
And in order that my Invention may be more fully understood
and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings
hereunto annexed, in the various Figures of which the same letters
are used to indicate similar parts wherever they occur.

page_text: .
THE DRAWINGS MEI 1, and 2.
Figure 1, shews a front view of a lock constructed according to our
Invention, having some of the parts removed in order to shew more
clearly the working parts of the lock; this Figure shows the bolt
thrown back. Figure 2, shows a similar view, having the bolt shut
out; and Figure 3, shows a front view of the lock complete. The
other views shew details of the various parts composing the lock. The
nature of each view being written thereon, it will not be necessary
further to describe the same. The bolt is composed of two parts,
and b; the part a, of the bolt has a stump a', and slot a², for the
passage through of the main stump, on which the tumblers work as
usual. a³, is a pin or projection, on which the moveable portion b, of
the bolt a, b, works. a', is a spring on the part of the bolt a, which
acts at all times to press on the part 6', of the moveable part b, of the
bolt, the tendency of which is to keep them correctly together. By
applying the key to the lock while in the position shown at Figure 1,
where the part of the bolt a is back, and turning it in the direction to
shoot out the bolt, the tumblers c, c, will be acted on as usual, and the
stump a will pass through the openings e, c¹, of the tumblers c, and
move into the position shewn in Figure 2; such movement of the bolt a, b,
causing the pin 62, on the part b, to come against the inclines c, c, of
the tumblers c, by which the end of the moveable portion b, on which
is the pin 6, will be caused to rise, and the squared portion of the
main stump of the lock, on which the tumblers c work, will enter the
part of the slot formed in the moveable portion of the bolt, by
which any attempt to pick the lock by pressure back of the bolt a, b,
during the raising of the tumblers, will be rendered impossible. Should
the tumblers be raised by a false key or other picklock, or any instru-
ment but a proper key, then the pin on the moveable part 6 of the
bolt will be acted upon by the rising too high of the tumblers c, and it
also will be the means of raising the recess, in such a manner as to
embrace the squared portion of the main stump of the lock. By one
or more of the tumblers being formed with a projection c³, as the one
marked No. 2, the spring catch & will slide over such projection and

page_text: enter the recesses formed in the bolt a, b, shewn in Figure 2, Sheet 1,
and so prevent the falling down again of such of the tumblers by the
action of the spring e, the spring catch d acting as a detector in addi-
tion to those shown at f, which, in the event of the tumblers being
raised too high, would enter beneath the parts c', c, of the tumblers,
and retain them so. The key in unlocking acts only on the part 6 of
the bolt a, b, but in locking the key acts on the part a, of the
bolt a, b.
Figures 1, 2, 3, Sheet 2, show various views of a change or permu-
tation lock, the bolt being formed in two parts a, and b, in a like
manner to that above described.
The Drawing shows the nature of the several other parts of the lock,
but as they are not new, and form no part of our Invention, it will not
be necessary to describe the same further.
DESCRIPTION OF SHEET 3.
Figure 1, shows a front view of a lock commonly known as the
combination latch, which has the second part of our Invention ap-
plied thereto in a locked position; Figure 2, shows a similar view,
in which the combination latch is raised by the false bit in the manner
hereafter explained; and Figure 8, shows another similar view, in
which the combination latch is in an unlocked position. a, a, is the
latch, which, in the latch shewn, consists of five parts, which are shewn
separately, and numbered to indicate their respective positions in the
details of this Sheet. b, is a revolving cap, having fixed thereon a
false bit c, at or nearly at a right angle to the proper keyhole, so that
by the placing in of the proper key at the keyhole, the key so placed
enters the part c', of the false bit c, in such a manner that, by turning
the correct key d, the false bit c, will be caused to travel also, and by
being so placed and fixed upon the revolving plate b, will first act upon
the parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, of the latch, and raise them above the proper
height for opening, so that by continuing to turn the key d in the
same direction, the parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, will descend on the removal past
a vertical position of the false bit c, and be caught up and rest upon the
steps or nose of the correct key d.

page_text: The object of this arrangement is, that should an attempt be made
to pick a lock of this description by pressing the latch against its catch
(fixed to the door post), when attempting, to raise the parts composing
the latch by means of a pick or instrument, the false bit will prevent
the parts of the latch being got at, and the pressure prevents the bit
rotating.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, we would have it understood that we
make no claim to the separate parts; nor do we confine ourselves to the
forms and arrangement of the parts, so long as our improvements be
retained. But what we claim is, first, the mode .herein described of
forming the bolts of locks, each of two parts, and combining them with
the tumblers and apparatus as herein described; and, secondly, we
claim the mode of constructing locks and latches with false bits, as
herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Chubb, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
Witness,
FRED HARRIS.
.
JOHN CHUB.B. (L.S.)