Year: 1888

page_text: I, ALFRED SAMUEL KIRK, of Greenwood Leghe, Ingleton, in the County of York
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, to be as follows:
This invention relates to, and has for object the construction of an improved metallic
fence, which shall be cheap, strong and without sharp projections which are a source
of danger to animals on coming into contact with them.
In the manufacture of my improved metallic fence, I use plate or bar metal of
suitable thickness, say of iron or steel, the posts and rails of which I form with one or
more corrugations or creases in the direction of their length. The posts I make with
perforations crosswise of such corrugation or corrugations for the introduction of the
corrugated rails. Suitable prongs or feet are provided on the posts for taking a hold
in the ground or for being lewissed into stone or otherwise fixed.
The corrugating of the said parts render them more rigid with less material than
such as are made of bar metal in the flat state only.
Dated this 26th day of April 1888.
THOMAS EDWIN CRAVEN,
Agent to the Applicant.

page_text: I, ALFRED SAMUEL KIRK, of Greenwood Leghe, Ingleton, in the County of York,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described' and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to and has for object the construction of an improved
metallic fence which shall be cheap, strong, and without sharp projections which are
a source of danger to animals on coming into contact with them.
In the manufacture of my improved metallic fencing I use plate or bar metal, say
of iron or steel of suitable thickness.
The posts and rails I form with one or more corrugations or creases in the direction
of their length, I prefer a single corrugation or crease, which may be of a semicircular,
vee or other form.-The posts I make with perforations crosswise of such corrugation
or corrugations, or crease or creases as the case may be.
These perforations are for the introduction or reception of lengthwise corrugated or
creased rails when the fence is required to be of the ordinary "Post and Rail" type;
suitable prongs being provided at the feet of the posts for taking a hold of or anchoring
in the ground, or for being lewissed into stone or otherwise fixed, which in some cases
may be (for the sake of additional rigidity) to wooden posts.
Another form in the arrangement of the component parts of my improved fence.
comprises metallic posts having crosswise perforations for two horizontal corrugated
or creased rails, one near the bottom of the said post, and the other near the top.
These rails being perforated for the reception of a number of vertical rails or palings
of a somewhat smaller but similar cross-section to the post and horizontal portions of
the fence. This form of fence is unclimbable.
The corrugating or creasing of the said parts render the fence more rigid with a
loss amount of material than such fences as are made of ordinary bar metal.
Gates to correspond with and to form part of the above described fences are also
constructed, but as such structures require a diagonal brace in order to maintain them
in a rectangular form, cannot be said to be "unclimbable.
In some cases wooden posts, may if desired, be used for hanging a gate to, or for
latching or locking the same, but I prefer in all cases to use metal both for the hanging
and latching or locking posts.
In the annexed six sheets of drawings, similar letters refer to similar parts wherever
they occur.
Fig. 1. Sheet 1. is a plan, and Fig. 2. an elevation of "Post and Rail" fencing
according to my invention. Fig. 3. shews in plan, and Fig. 4. in elevation, a double
or corner post d, with the rails c. c, inserted therein, such post may either be of
semicircular form as shown at 1, or rectangular as shewn at 2, in dotted lines, or of
other suitable corrugated form, e, e, are cleats or pieces of metal or other material at
the foot of the post to impart a superior anchorage in the ground for such post-
a, a, are single posts (in the running line of a fence) with perforations corresponding

page_text: with those in the above-mentioned double or corner post d, for the reception of the
rails c, c,b, are wooden posts placed at intervals to which the said metallic posts a, may
be attached for imparting greater rigidity to the fence when necessary, but I wish it to
he understood that wooden parts herein referred to, form no part of my invention.-
f, is a part or splice for joining the ends of the rails, and hereinafter referred to.
Fig. 5. Sheet 2. is a plan and Fig. 6, an elevation of a fence of the unclimbable type,
constructed of corrugated or creased metallic plates similar in section to the posts and
rails in the previously described Figures, d, being a corner post of either of the forms
above described and similarly provided with cleats e, e, as shewn, g. g, are parts at the
feet of the single posts a. a, for anchoring them to the ground. c. c, are horizontal
rails passing through perforations in the posts a, and d,-, represents wooden posts
placed at intervals to which the rails c. c, are attached, that is, when wooden posts are
preferred to metallic ones,-, are vertical metallic rails or palings that pass through
perforations in the rails c. c.
Fig. 7. Sheet 3. is an enlarged section of the corner post d, of the unclimbable fence,
which may either be of the form shewn at 1, or in dotted lines at 2.-or of other
suitable corrugated form, and as previously referred to with respect to Figs. 3. and 5,
Sheets 1, and 2: respectively.
Fig. 8, Sheet 3, shews in cross section to an enlarged scale the post a, sheet 2, and
which may be of a semicircular form as at 3, or vee form as at 4, in dotted lines, or of
other suitable corrugated form.
Fig. 9, Sheet 3, is a cross-section to an enlarged scale, of the posts a, a, Figs. 1.
and 2. Sheet 1, either of semicircular form as at 5, or of vee form as in dotted lines
at 6. or of other suitable corrugated form. This figuro is also a section of the
rails c, c, of the unclimbable fence, Figs. 5. and 6. Shoet 2.
Fig. 10. Sheet 4, is a sectional plan to an enlarged scale, of the double or corner
post d, of the "Post and Rail" type of fence, which may be bent to the form as at 7,
or to the rectangular form as at 8.-and Fig. 11. to half size of Fig. 10, is a
development of the same shewing the perforations 9, 9. for the reception of the
rails c. c.
Fig. 12. Sheet 4, shews to half size, the development of Fig. 7. Sheet 3, with the
form and position of the perforations 10,-10, for the reception of the rails c. c, of the
unclimbable type of fence shewn in Figs. 5. and 6, Sheet 2.
Fig. 13. Sheet 4. shews to half size, the development of Fig. 9. Sheet 3. with the
form and position of the perforations 11.-11. in the post a, for the reception of
the rails C, in the Post and Rail" type of fence Figs. 1, and 2. Sheet 1, and for
the reception of the vertical palings h, in the rails c. c. in the "Unclimbable" type of
fence shewn in Figs. 5. and 6. Sheet 2.
type of
Fig. 14. Sheet 4, is a cross-section of the rails c, in the "Post and Rail"
fence; these may be either semicircular in form as shewn in full lines, or vee form as
shewn in dotted lines, or of other suitable corrugated form.
Fig. 15. Sheet 4, is a development (half size) of Fig. 9. Sheet 3. shewing the form
and positions of the perforations 12.-12. for receiving the rails c. in the Post and
Rail" type of fence, and for the palings h, in the "Unclimbable" type of fence.
Fig. 16. Sheet 4 shews in elevation, and Fig. 17. in end view or cross section, to an
enlarged scale, a "clasp" or "splice", shewn in Fig. 2, Sheet 1. for joining the ends
of the rails c. c, i. i, are wedges or nails for fixing the said "clasp" or splice" in
position.
Fig. 18. Sheet 5. is a plan, and Fig. 19. an elevation of a gate corresponding in
style with the "Post and Rail" type of fence above referred to, d. d, are metallic
hanging and locking posts respectively. The hanging stile comprises two corrugated
plates a. a. placed with their flanges facing each other, and each carrying rails c, also
with their flanges facing each other, and between which is placed the diagonal brace j.
-k. k. are the bands and crooks by which the gate is hung. The locking stile may
comprise either one or two corrugated plates same as the hanging stile, (I have only
shewn one,) to which the faller l, is hinged at m, and taking on the double inclined
catch n, the gate can be opened in either direction.

page_text: Fig. 20. Sheet 6, is a plan, and Fig. 21, an elevation of a Gate, corresponding with
the Unclimbable" type of fence, d. is the metallic banging post, a, a, are the hanging
and locking stiles respectively,. c, c, are the top and bottom rails and h, the vertical
palings,, the diagonal brace for maintaining the structure in a rectangular form,
k., are the bands and crooks by which the gate is hung. o. o, are catches by which
it is held in the closed position, p, .a wooden or metallic post for carrying the fixed
parts q. 7, of the locking catches.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed; I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved metallic fence hereinabove referred to, and the arrangement and
construction thereof of corrugated plate, bar, or sheet metal with transverse openings
therein by means of which the component parts comprising such fence are threaded
or meshed together, substantially as described and shewn in the drawings annexed.
Dated this 21st dow of July 1000
Witness,
THOS. E. CRAVEN, C.E.,
Fel. Inst. Patent Agents,
24, Victoria Chambers, Leeds.
ALFRED SAMUEL KIRK.