Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Screw Nuts, Screw Blanks, and Screws.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd July, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Mar., 1392-Accepted, 23rd Apr., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Screw Nuts,
Screw Blanks, and Screws.
We JOSEPH HAMPTON of King's Hill Wednesbury in the County of Stafford
Tool Manufacturer and SAMUEL "PARTRIDGE of Croft House Darlaston in the
County of Stafford Surgeon do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The said invention has reference in part to an invention for which Letters
Patent were granted to us dated May 3rd 1889 No. 7401 and consists of improve-
nents in and additions to the machinery by which the said patented invention is
carried into effect. By the said present improvements the said machinery is so
nodified that the manufacture of screw nuts thereby is much expedited and the
said machinery fitted for the manufacture of screw blanks and screws as well as
screw nuts.
In order that the said invention may be the more readily understood we remark
that in the manufacture of screw nuts by the method already patented the said
screw nuts are made from a rod hexagonal or of other figure in cross section
which rod is fed through a hollow lathe spindle and has rotary motion communicated
to it thereby. A drill in the same line as the rod is advanced against the end of
the rod and a hole thereby drilled in it. The axially drilled end of the rod is cut
off by a cutting tool carried by the slide rest of the lathe.
In the present invention the drilling and cutting off are effected simultaneously
and automatically. The rod is fed up to a forked stop parallel to the cutter carried
by the slide rest. The motions of the slide rest and the drill are effected by a band
from the driving shaft giving motion to a shaft which when in gear is parallel to
the axis of the lathe spindle. The said shaft is thrown out of gear with the slide
rest and drill by being depressed at one end. By this depression the worm which
it carries is thrown out of gear with the worm wheel of the slide rest and the cutter
is brought to rest. The end of the shaft in descending lowers one end of a lever
the other end of which raises a vertical rod carrying a tooth or pawl which gives
motion to a ratchet wheel by which motion the said wheel retires on the screw
which carries it and thereby liberates the pulley by the rotary motion of which the
drill is advanced. The rotary motion of the said pulley no longer communicates
motion to the drill.
When the shaft has been raised it is temporarily supported in its raised position
When the slide rest is
by a catch on the long arm of a lever near the slide rest.
near the end of its advance motion a tooth carried by it depresses the short arm of
the said lever thereby raising the long arm and liberating the shaft by the falling
of which the slide rest and drill are thrown out of gear. The end of the rod
having been drilled and cut off the drill is withdrawn and the nut falls from the
machine. The slide rest is withdrawn by hand.
In order to throw the cutter and drill into gear for making another nut the
attendant raises the shaft by an arm connected with it when the catch described
retains it in position until by the advance of the slide rest another nut has been
drilled and cut off.
By removing the drill and appliances connected therewith and fixing in line
with the rod operated upon a cutting tool of the kind hereinafter described the
The said tool
machine is fitted to make screw blanks having circular heads.
consists of a holder in which three cutters are fixed. By the first cutter the rod is
reduced to the diameter of the circular head of the screw blank. By the second
cutter the body or shank of the blank is made and the third cutter forms the point.

page_text: By the adoption of a worming tool or screw cutter a screw thread may be formed
on the screw blank. The screw blanks may however be threaded or wormed in a
separate machine.
Where it is wished to make screw blanks having hexagonal heads rods of a
hexagonal figure in cross section are employed and the cutters only operate on
the part of the rod to be made into the shank or body and the point.
Dated the 2nd day of July 1891.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Screw Nuts,
Screw Blanks, and Screws.
We JOSEPH HAMPTON, of King's Hill Wednesbury in the County of Stafford,
Tool Manufacturer, and SAMUEL PARTRIDGE, of Croft House Darlaston, in the
County of Stafford, Surgeon do hereby declare the nature of the said invention
nd in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
scertained in and by the following statement:-
The said invention has reference in part to an invention for which Letters Patent
were granted to us dated May 3rd 1889 No. 7401 and consists of improvements in
and additions to the machinery by which the said patented invention is carried into
effect. By the said present improvements the said machinery is so modified that
the manufacture of screw nuts thereby, is much expedited and the said machinery
fitted for the manufacture of screw blanks and screws as well as screw nuts.
In order that the said invention may be the more readily understood we remark
that in the manufacture of screw nuts by the method already patented the said
screw nuts are made from a rod hexagonal or of other figure in cross section which
rod is fed through a hollow lathe spindle and has rotary motion communicated to
it thereby. A drill in the same line as the rod is advanced against the end of
the rod and a hole thereby drilled in it. The axially drilled end of the rod is cut
off by a cutting tool carried by the slide rest of the lathe.
In the present invention the drilling and cutting off are effected simultaneously
and automatically. The rod is fed up to a forked stop parallel to the cutter
carried by the slide rest. The motions of the slide rest and the drill are effected
by a band from the driving shaft giving motion to a shaft which when in gear is
parallel to the axis of the lathe spindle. The said shaft is thrown out of gear
with the slide rest and drill by being depressed at one end. By this depression
the worm which it carries is thrown out of gear with the worm wheel of the slide
rest and the cutter is brought to rest. The end of the shaft in descending raises
a vertical rod which operating on a cranked lever, and sliding rod, the latter with-
draws the belt shifting fork and the rotary motion of the driving shaft is arrested
and the drill brought to rest. When the shaft has been raised it is temporarily
supported in its raised position by a catch on the long arm of a lever near the
slide rest. When the slide rest is near the end of its advance motion a tooth
carried by it depresses the short arm of the said lever thereby raising the long
arm and liberating the shaft by the falling of which the slide rest and drill are
thrown out of gear. The end of the rod having been drilled and cut off the drill
is withdrawn and the nut falls from the machine. The slide rest is withdrawn by
hand or automatically.
In order to throw the cutter and drill into gear for making another nut the
attendant raises the shaft by an arm connected with it when the catch described
retains it in position until by the advance of the slide rest another nut has been
drilled and cut off.
By removing the drill and appliances connected therewith and fixing in line with
the rod operated upon a cutting tool of the kind hereinafter described the machine

page_text: is fitted to make screw blanks having circular heads. The said tool consists of a
holder in which three cutters are fixed. By the first cutter the rod is reduced to
the diameter of the circular head of the screw blank. By the second cutter the
body or shank of the blank is made and the third cutter forms the point. By the
adaptation of a worming tool or screw cutter a screw thread may be formed on
the screw blank. The screw blanks may however be threaded or wormed in a
separate machine.
Where it is wished to make screw blanks having hexagonal heads, rods of a
hexagonal figure in cross section are employed and the cutters only operate on the
part of the rod to be made into the shank or body and the point.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings
the manner in which the said invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation and Figure 2 in end elevation (taken at
the left hand end) nachinery for the manufacture of screw nuts constructed
according to this invention;
Figure 3 represents in front elevation partly in section, and Figure 4 in plan,
drawn to a larger scale, the slide rest carrying the cutting off tool and stop, and
the sliding drill and the mechanism for giving motion to the said drill and to the
worm shaft of the slide rest and parts connected therewith;
Figure 5 represents a side elevation of the slide rest and parts connected with
it and
Figure 6 represents a cross section of the same showing the main screw of he
slide rest worked from the worm shaft.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of
the drawings.
a, a is the compound slide rest the top slide a of which carries the cutting off
tool and forked stop e; d is the drill having only a sliding motion; e is the
hollow lathe spindle through which the hexagonal or other nut rod to be made
into nut blanks is fed to the forked stop e on the slide rest, and by which spindle a
rotatory motion is communicated to the nut rod. As the drill is advanced against
the end of the rotating nut rod a hole is axially drilled in the said end, the end of
the axially drilled rod being cut off by the advance of the cutting tool carried
by the slide rest as particularly described in the Specification of the Patent herein-
before referred 'to.
We will now describe in detail the machinery constituting the present invention
by which the drilling and cutting off of the nut blanks are simultaneously and
automatically effected.
g is an overhead driving shaft carrying the fast and loose pulleys g² and g³ and
the speed pulleys at g' as well as the smaller pulley 2. By means of the band g
on one of the speed pulleys at passing over one of the speed pulleys at 9, the
lathe spindle e and the nut rod carried by it are rotated. By means of the band h
passing over the small pulley 2 on the driving shaft g and over the pulley 43 on
the parallel shaft, motion is communicated through the toothed gearing at h³,
chain wheel, chain and chain wheel to the drill spindle and an advancing
motion given to the drill d against the end of the rotating nut rod. The driving
shaft y carries at the left hand end a pulley which transmits motion through the
bam to the pulley on the worm shaft i. The worm shaft carries on its
inner end the worm which gears with the worm wheel on the screw of the
lower dovetail slide a of the slide rest (see Figure 6) and thereby gives the cross
motion to the said slide rest necessary to advance the cutting off tool & for cutting
off the axially drilled end of the mit rod for forming a nut blank. The worm
shaft i works at its front end in the guide and near its other end in the bearing
the said bearing being made capable of a slight swivelling motion on the descent
of the worm shaft for the throwing out of gear of the lathe rest and drill as
hereinafter described. The extreme end of the worm shaft turns in a bearing 2
at the bottom of the vertical rod 13 which is jointed at top to the cranked lever l.
The long vertical arm of the cranked lever is jointed to a sliding horizontal

page_text: 9
rod working in bearings carried by projecting parts of the brackets in which the
driving shaft
works. The sliding rod carries the belt shifting fork for
throwing the driving band from the fast pulley 2 onto the loose pulley and
the reverse and thereby throwing the driving shaft into and out of gear with the
driving power.
When the worm shaft i falls into the inclined position indicated in
dotted lines in Figure 1 the worm is ungeared from the worm wheel ³ and the
cutter is brought to rest. By the descent of the worm end of the shaft i its
onter end is raised and the rod also raised. The raising of the rod 13 causes the
cranked lever to take the position indicated in dotted lines in Figure 1, thereby
so sliding the rod as to cause the belt fork to shift the band from the fast
pulley to the loose pulley ³. The driving shaft is thereby brought to rest and
hence no rotary motion is communicated to the chain wheel working the drill d,
or to the hollow lathe spindle e carrying the nut rod for to the worm shaft i. The
lifting of the rod on the descent of the worm shaft i is assisted by the coiled
spring This spring is elongated when the worm shaft is in its normal
horizontal position and on the falling of the worm shaft, the contraction of the
said spring assists in lifting the rod
rest a,
The worm shaft i is locked in its raised position and released when the cutter >>
in the slide rest has advanced and cut off the axially drilled end of the nut
ród by the arrangement of parts best seen in the enlarged views Figures 3, 4
and 5. The worm shaft i passes through the bearing which works in the
guide and is connected to the hand lever provided on its upper edge with
a tooth m². Above the lever m is a second lever n hooked at its end and having
a shoulder or tooth at ² for the tooth m² on the lower lever m to engage with;
is a sliding rod on the fixed frame of the slide rest having a hooked end for
engaging with and depressing the hooked end of the lever n. On the sliding
rod p is a vertical peg against which a peg you the part a of the slide
a² can bear for giving motion to the sliding rod p for disengaging the
lever from the lever m and permitting of the descent of the worm shaft i.
When the slide rest a, a² has advanced the cutter sufficiently far to separate
the axially drilled end or nut blank from the nut rod, its peg 7 bears against
the peg on the hooked sliding rod p and causes the said sliding rod to
depress the hooked end of the lever n and lift the opposite end from the tooth m²
on the lower lever m. The worm shaft i being thus released falls into the
position indicated in dotted lines in Figure 1, thereby ungearing itself from the
worm wheel on the slide rest and bringing the cutter and drill to rest as herein-
before described. In order to regear the worm shaft with the worm ³ and
hold the said shaft in. its geared position the lever is first depressed
and the lever m afterwards raised so as to engage its tooth with the
notch of the lever nas best seen in Figure 5. The lifting of the worm
shaft i causes the rod to shift the driving band from the loose to the
fast pulley and set the machine in motion. After the nut blank has been
cut off the rod f, the cutter is withdrawn by the back motion of the slide
rest a, a². This is automatically effected by the unwinding of the weighted
cord (see Figure 1) from off the pulley at the end of the screw of the
slide rest, which cord during the advance of the slide rest has been wound
upon the said pulley. The top slide a of the slide rest carrying the
cutter and stop e is connected to a rod and weighted cord . By means of
the weighted cord and rod a longitudinal or traversing motion is given to the
top slide a² and the cutter and stop are thus automatically made to follow or
advance to the end of the nut rod as it is shortened by the cutting off of the nut
blanks. The proper position of the cutter is thereby obtained for cutting off
the nut blanks. To the weighted rod a hand lever is connected. By
pulling down the said lever the cutter can be removed out of the way of the
rod being fed to the stop. On loosing the lever the cutter is returned to its
proper position for cutting off the next nut blank.
The manner in which the drill d is worked will be best understood by referring

page_text: to the enlarged views Figures 3 and 4.
The drill is carried in the sliding
holder having a screw box in its end which screw box holder on the rotation
of the screw (which has no advancing motion) is made to work upon the said
screw and either advance the drill to the rotating nut rod or withdraw the said
drill from the said rod. Qn the plain end of the screw d³ the chain wheel 4*
is fitted loosely. At the front of the chain wheel 48 is a hand wheel which
is fixed on the end of the screw d³. It is by the clamping of the hand
wheel to or the unclamping of it from the chain wheel that the motion
of the latter is transmitted to or cut off from the screw of the drill.
This is effected by the clamping rod y having at its inner end a wedge
plate which works in the wedge shaped annular groove y³ in the chain
wheel h³. By drawing outwards the clamping plate 2 by means of the screw
nut 2 the said plate y is wedged in the annular groove y³ and the chain wheel /*
and hand wheel are bound together. By unclamping the two wheels hi and
the hand wheel a can be rotated for withdrawing the drill without giving motion
to the loose chain wheel h³.
We will now briefly recapitulate the action of the machine. The length of
nut rod projecting from the rotating hollow spindle e having been made into
nut blanks and the machine being brought to rest, the top slide a² is drawn back
by the lever and the nut rod in the hollow spindle is pushed forward and
its end made to bear against the stop c The lever being pulled down into
the position represented in Figure 5 the other lever m carrying the worm
spindle is lifted so as to gear the said spindle with the worm wheel 3 on the
screw of the slide rest and at the same time lock the said worm spindle in its:
raised position by the engagement of the tooth m² with the notch of the
lever n. The lifting of the worm spindle into gear with the worm wheel
causes its outer end to descend and with it the rod 3 by the motion of which rod
acting through the lever and rod and the belt fork 1, the driving band is shifted
from the loose pulley to the fast pulley and the machine set in motion in the.
manner hereinbefore described. That is, the hollow spindle e for rotating the nut.
rod is put in motion; the worm spindle i is put in motion thereby giving a cross
motion to the slide rest for advancing the cutter b. The chain wheel 4 is also
rotated and the drill d advanced against the rotating nut rod for axially drilling
the end of the said rod. After a nut blank has been cut from the axially drilled
end of the nut rod, the machine is brought to rest by the descent of the worm
spindle the bottom slide a and the cutter are drawn back by the action of the
weighted cord simultaneously with the forward longitudinal motion of the top
slide a to keep the stop e in contact with the end of the nut rod. The worm
spindle being again lifted into gear with the worm wheel 3, the movements
described are repeated.
i
:
Figure 7 represents in side elevation the compound cutter or turning tool which
we use in the making of screw blanks and
Figure 8 represents cross sections of the three cutters held in the tool holder;
Figure 9 represents a partly made screw blank having a cylindrical head before
it is cut off the cylindrical rod; and
Figure 10 represents the screw blank cut off the rod ;
Figure 11 represents a partly made screw blank having a hexagonal head before
it is cut off the hexagonal rod.
The compound tool Figures 7 and 8 is fixed in the slide d² in place of the drill d.
The said tool consists of three tubular cutters y, y³, y fixed in the holder. In
making a screw blank from a cylindrical rod the rod y Figure 9 is placed in the
hollow rotating spindle of the machine and the compound tool y', yo, y is advanced
over the projecting end of the rotating rod y. By the action of the first cutter yʻ
the rod is reduced to the diameter of the circular head y10 of the screw blank. By
the action of the second cutter y the body or shank y" of the blank is made
and by the action of the third cutter, the point or end y12 of the screw blank
is formed. The slide carrying the turning or compound tool y', y y having

page_text: been withdrawn sufficiently far the cutting off tool in the slide rest is advanced and.
the screw blank separated at the dotted line in Figure 9 from the rod as
represented in Figure 10.
In making screw blauks having hexagonal or other polygonal heads, the first
cutter is removed and the second cutter y is put in its place at the front of the
compound tool holder . The compound cutter in its advance motion over the
end of the rotating hexagonal rod Figure 11 only operates on the part of
the said rod to be made into the shank y" and point or end y¹ of the screw
blank as represented in Figure 11, and after the compound cutter has fashioned
the said shank and point or end the cutting off tool in the slide rest advances
and cuts off from the unoperated part of the hexagonal rod y13 a piece sufficient
to form a head as indicated at 16 Figure 11. The machine in making screw
blanks having hexagonal and like heads operates in the same manner as when
making nut blanks; that is, the withdrawal of the slide before the screw
blank is cut off the rod, which we have described as necessary in the making of
screw blanks having cylindrical heads, is not necessary in making screw blanks
having hexagonal or other heads.
The shanks of the screw blanks before they are cut off the rod may be con-
verted into screws by the advance of a worming tool or screw cutter carried in
the holder or the cut off screw blanks may be threaded or wormed in a separate
machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we
claim as the said invention of "Improvements in machinery for the manufacture
of screw nuts, screw blanks and screws":-
First; The arrangements or combinations of parts hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings for simultaneously and automatically
operating the cutting off tool and drill of the screw nut making machinery, the
said cutting off tool and drill being thrown out of gear after the nut blank has been
cut off the end of the nut rod by the releasing and descent of a worm shaft. in
connection with the slide rest, the descent of the worm end of the said shaft so
operating upon reversing mechanism that the moving parts of the machinery are
brought to rest substantially as described and illustrated.
SecondlyThe arrangements or combinations of parts hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings for causing the gearing or ungearing
of the worm shaft with or from the slide rest to operate the driving band shifting
fork and either put the machinery in motion or bring it to rest substantially as
described and illustrated.
Thirdly The arrangements or combinations of parts herein before described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings for automatically releasing the worm
shaft after the nut blank has been cut off the nat rod and for fastening the said
worm shaft in its raised position substantially as described and illustrated.
Fourthly The arrangements or combinations of parts hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings for causing the automatic withdrawal
of the cutting off tool after the nut blank has been cut from the nut rod, and for
automatically causing the cutting off tool and stop to follow the shortened nut rod
as the nut blanks are cut from its end substantially as described and illustrated.
Fifthly The arrangement or combination of the parts of the drill holder and
the arrangement for gearing the drill driving chain wheel with and ungearing it
from the operating screw of the drill holder substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
;
Lastly; The adaptation to the screw nut making machinery claimed in the
prior claims, of the compound cutting or turning tool hereinbefore described and
illustrated for making the head, body and point or end of screw blanks from
cylindrical rods, or the body and point or end of screw blanks from rods having a
hexagonal or other polygonal figure in cross section and worming the blanks so as

page_text: to convert them into screws by a worming tool or screw cutter replacing the drill
or turning tool in the sliding holder of the machinery substantially as described
and illustrated.
Dated the Fourteenth day of March 1892
JOSEPH HAMPTON.
SAMUEL PARTRIDGE.