AN IMPROVED SAFETY AND INEXPLOSIVE LAMP WITHOUT WICK
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Conradi, of 8, Lower James Street, Golden Square,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED SAFETY AND
INEXPLOSIVE LAMP WITHOUT WICK." A communication from abroad by Paul
Haedicke, Medical Student, of Berlin, in Prussia, Germany.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Conradi at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th February 1878.
"
HENRY CONRADI, of 8, Lower James Street, Golden Square, in the County of
Middlesex. AN IMPROVED SAFETY AND INEXPLOSIVE LAMP WITHOUT WICK."
[A communication from abroad by Paul Hacdicke, Medical Student, of Berlin, in
Prussia, Germany.]
To design and to manufacture as intended a safety lamp which shall be free from
all danger of explosion it is necessary to keep the reservoir containing the liquid to
be burnt in such a distance from the burner that neither a heating, much less a
lighting of the gases which may escape from it, can take place. To obtain this
object the reservoir has been made the bottom part of the lamp, serving by standing
lamps as foot, keeping therefore between it and the burner such a distance that at
beating and of course much less a lighting of the gases is impossible, even when the
escape is produced by filling the lamp while burning. The liquid to be burnt, may
it be petroleum, solar oil, camphin, or others, is carried to the burner by means of a
tube filled with asbestos or other powerful aspirating material. The tube becomes
at the top smaller, where it carries a short interchangeable gallerie or support of
asbestos, plaster caste, or similar material.
Fig. 1 represents a sectional clevation.
Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal side view.
Fig. 3 represents a sectional plan of the lamp, which consists, 1, of the receptacle
or reservoir a containing petroleum, solar oil, or others; 2, of the column b filled
with asbestos, plaster cast, &c.; and 3, the burner c carrying the wick holder d
arranged as a support or the gallerie to receive the glass and the globe.

page_text: The receptacle a contains by e a small hole which can be shut up, and which
Berves to fill the lamp. The column b, as well as the receptacle a, can be of
ornamental designs, also of any shape, representing figures or columns, &c. It is
not required that the lamp stands vertical; it can, as in the case of wall lamps,
candeliers, or lusters, &c., project like arms, forming hereby the connection between
the principal body containing the liquid and the burner, but the wick holder and
burner are always carried by it. The wick holder is cut straight at the bottom,
rounded at the top, and is gently pressed on the packing. Made from asbestos, it
wears, according to experiments already made, over one hundred hours, and does
not require to be replaced oftener than the ordinary wick burner requires cleaning.
While burning it does not require any special attention.
The claims upon which the improvements are principally based consist in the use
of the bottom part or foot, or respectively the main body of the lamp as receptacle
for the liquid to be used, and also in conducting the liquid to the burner by means
of a tube filled with asbestos or other powerful aspirating material, instead of using
the common wick.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Conradi in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th August
1878.
HENRY CONRADI, of 8, Lower James Street, Golden Square, in the County of
Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED SAFETY AND INEXPLOSIVE LAMP WITHOUT WICK."
A communication from abroad by Paul Haedicke, Medical Student, of Berlin, in
Prussia, Germany.
The design, as herein represented, is intended to serve to manufacture lamps
which by their use for lighting and heating purposes shall be free from all danger
of explosion, and shall be provided with an incombustible guide collar (the working
point of the flame). To effect this it is therefore necessary to keep the reservoir
containing the liquid to be burnt in such a distance from the burner that neither a
heating, much less a lighting of the gases which may escape from it, can take place.
To obtain this object the reservoir has been made the bottom part of the lamp,
serving by standing as foot, keeping therefore between it and the burner such a
distance that a heating and of course much less a lighting of the gases is impossible,
even when the escape is increased by filling the lamp while burning. Such a hight
cannot be reached with the wick used till now. The liquid to be burnt is therefore
carried to the burner by means of a tube filled with asbestos (or plaster, clay, magnesia,
silicious earth, sand, coal, powdered glass, glass woll, sponge, which all possess a
greater aspirating power than the wick), which becomes at the top smaller, and
carries a small interchangeable support or guide collar (formerly called wick holder)
of the same material. When round burner are used this tube is hollow (in section
of annular shape) enlarged at its bottom. The inner tube passes through the bottom

page_text: of the reservoir containing the liquid, and conveys the air from the bottom directly
to the annular guide collar or support.
Fig. I. to III., as represented in the adjoined Drawing, will assist to explain the
main principle.
Fig. 1. represents a longitudinal section of a flat burner as used for house and
kitchen lamps.
Fig. II. represents the application of a round burner for a lamp of larger size (as
used for saloons).
Both are provided with a vertical aspirating tube, which draws the liquid to be
burnt to the top.
Fig. III. represents a wall lamp, with round burner respectively, part of a
lustre.
In all Figures represents, a the receptacle or reservoir for the liquid, with the
opening e; b, the conduit or tube; c, the burner; d, the guide collar or support,
The hight of the latter is by ordinary lamps invariable, while by other lamps it can
be made variable by means of a socket, whereby the hight of the flame can be
regulated, as well as the shape of the column b, Fig. I. & II., through which the
liquid is drawn to the burner, can be manifold, and the hight and the corresponding
diameters can be varied; also the tube b of Fig. III. can be varied, firstly, by
keeping the same main body, several can be combined together in such a manner
that from one central reservoir several flames can be supplied (lustre or hanging
chandelier, lighting of large rooms and waggons (Fig. N)). When all the flames are
at the same level the filling of the tube b is not required, and can be reduced to the
filling of the small pipe which carries the burner. The flames can also be kept at-
different levels in keeping the central basin, by making the tubes carrying the
burners of the different length, according to requirements.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, it will be understood that the improvements upon which the claims are
principally based consists,-
In the use of a tube filled with abestos, plaster, clay, magnesia, silicious earth,
(silica), sponge, sand, coal, glass wool, glass powder, or other powerfull aspirating
material, instead of a common wick.
In the use of a guide collar of the same material, being incombustible and inter-
changeable.
In its application for lamps for lighting and heating purposes.
In the application of the aforesaid arrangements to feed several flames from a
central reservoir or receptacle containing the liquid to be burnt, as in the case of
lustre or hanging chandeliers or central lighting apparatus for large rooms and
waggons.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Conradi, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
aight hundred and cotanto night
H. CONRADI. (L.S.)