IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DIVIDING AND CONDENSING FIBROUS MATERIALS ON CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Bollinger, of St. Peter's Square, No. 5,
Manchester, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR DIVIDING AND CONDENSING FIBROUS MATERIALS ON CARDING
ENGINES."
Sealed the 6th December 1870, and dated the 8th June 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Bollinger at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th June 1870.
I, HENRY BOLLINGER, of St. Peter's Square, No. 5, Manchester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DIVIDING AND CONDENSING FIBROUS MATERIALS ON
CARDING ENGINES," to be as follows :-
The objects of this Invention are improvements in machinery for
dividing and condensing fibrous materials on carding engines.
From the doffer of the condensing carding engine provided with
continuous card coverings the web is stripped in the usual manner and

page_text: conducted to a pair of dividing rollers composed of alternate rings of
metal and of an elastic material.
These rollers are set alternately so that the metallic rings of the one
work against the elastic rings of the other. The elastic rings may
preferably be covered with leather or a similar material. The distance
between the centres of these rollers is adjustable so that the elastic
rings may yield more or less in order to suit the material to be operated
upon. The division of the web into slivers is effected gradually, and
commences as soon as the web passes into the grip formed by the
metallic roller and its corresponding elastic roller. As the rollers revolve
the distance of the two neighbouring nips will increase, & the separation
of the web into slivers will be effected, the slivers themselves adhering
to the elastic rollers. One-half of these slivers pass in the surface
direction of the top roller, and the other half in the surface direction of
the bottom roller.
The slivers are taken off the rollers by revolving strippers, which
conduct each set towards a corresponding set of endless rubbing leathers
in order to condense the slivers into threads. Instead of a to-and-fro
rubbing motion in combination with a revolving motion of these endless
rubbing leathers as usually employed, I only apply the revolving motion,
and I obtain the rubbing or condensing motion by adjusting the longi-
tudinal axes of the two upper and lower rubbing leathers at an angle to
each other. From the condensing rubbing leathers the threads pass on
to a surface drum to be wound on to bobbins.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 25
filed by the said Henry Bollinger in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 8th December 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
BOLLINGER, of No. 5, St. Peter's Square, Manchester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 30
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Henry Bollinger, Her special licence

page_text: that I, the said Henry Bollinger, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry Bollinger, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR DIVIDING AND CONDENSING FIBROUS MATERIALS ON CARDING ENGINES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Bollinger, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Bollinger, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
The objects of this Invention are improvements in machinery for
dividing and condensing fibrous materials on carding engines.
From the doffer of the condensing carding engine, provided with
continuous card coverings, the web is stripped in the usual manner and
conducted to a pair of dividing rollers composed of alternate rings of
metal and of an elastic material.
These rollers are set alternately so that the metallic rings of the one
work against the elastic rings of the other.
The elastic rings may
upon.
preferably be covered with leather or a similar material. The distance
between the centres of these rollers is adjustable so that the elastic
rings may yield more or less in order to suit the material to be operated
The division of the web into slivers is effected gradually and
commences as soon as the web passes into the grip formed by the
metallic roller and its corresponding elastic roller. As the rollers
revolve the distance of the two neighbouring nips will increase the
separation of the web into slivers will be effected, the slivers themselves
adhering to the elastic rollers, one half of these slivers pass in the
surface direction of the top roller, and one half in the surface direction
of the bottom roller.

page_text: The slivers are taken off the rollers by revolving strippers which
conduct each set towards a corresponding set of endless rubbing leathers
in order to condense the slivers into threads. Instead of a to and fro
rubbing motion in combination with a revolving motion of these endless
rubbing leathers I only apply the revolving motion, and I obtain the
rubbing or condensing motion by adjusting the longitudinal axes of
the two upper and lower rubbing leathers at an angle to each other.
From the condensing rubbing leathers the threads pass on to a surface
drum to be wound on to bobbins.
These improvements will be clearly understood by the following
detailed description thereof, reference being had to the figures and
letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings in which Fig. 1 represents
a general vertical section of the dividing and condensing apparatus on
carding engines; Figs. 2 & 3 represent detailed sectional views of the
dividing rollers.
.
,
The doffer a of the condensing carding engine is provided with
continuous card coverings, and the web b is stripped in the usual
manner by a comb c or revolving strippers, and conducted to a pair of
dividing rollers d, d', composed of alternate rings of metal e, e¹, and an
elastic material f, f¹. These rollers are set alternately so that the
metallic rings e, e¹, of the one work against the elastic rings ƒ ƒ³, of the
other. The elastic rings may preferably be covered with leather g, g¹,
or a similar material. The distance between the centres h, h¹, of the
rollers d, d³, is adjustable so that the elastic rings f,f¹, may yield more
or less in order to suit the material to be operated upon. The divisions
of the web b into slivers i, 2, is effected gradually and commences as
soon as the web b passes into the grip formed by the metallic rollers e, e¹,
and the elastic roller f,f¹. As the rollers revolve the distance of the
two neighbouring nips will increase the separation of the web b into
slivers i, i¹, will be effected, and the slivers i, i¹, themselves adhering to
the elastic rollers f, g, and f¹, g¹. One half of the slivers pass in the
surface direction i of the top rollers d and the other half pass in the
surface direction of the bottom roller d¹.
The sliver i, i, are taken off the rollers d, d', by revolving strippers k, k¹,
which conduct each set of slivers towards a corresponding set of endless
rubbing leathers 1, F, and m, m³, in order to condense the slivers into
threads n, n¹. Instead of a to and fro rubbing motion in combination
with a revolving motion of these endless rubbing leathers 7, 1, and m, m³,

page_text: as usually employed, I only apply the revolving motion and obtain the
rubbing or condensing motion by adjusting the longitudinal axes of the
two upper and lower rubbing leathers at an angle to each other as
represented by Fig. 1.
From the condensing rubbing leathers 1, 1, and m, m', the threads
n, n', pass on to a surface drum o, o¹, to be wound on to condensor
bobbins p, p¹.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and the manner in which the same is or may be performed, I desire it
to be understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details of
construction or arrangement of the parts or apparatus herein set forth,
but what I consider new and claim as my Invention is, firstly, the
dividing of the fleece into slivers by means of rollers composed of
alternate metallic and elastic rings; secondly, the condensing of these
slivers into threads by means of endless condensing rubbers disposed at
an angle.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Bollinger, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighth day of December, in the year of
HENRY BOLLINGER. (L.S.)