· PROVEMENTS IN FLAT PINS USED IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND COMBING... WOOL, JUTE, FLAX, SILK, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James. Rhodes and John James Richardson,
both of Leeds, in the County of York, for the Invention of "IM- ·
PROVEMENTS IN FLAT PINS USED IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND COMBING...
WOOL, JUTE, FLAX, SILK, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Rhodes and
John James Richardson at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 19th October 1870..
We, JAMES RHODES and JOHN JAMES. RICHARDSON, both of Leeds,
in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FLAT PINS USED IN: MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND
COMBING WOOL, JUTE, FLAX, SILK, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to
be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the formation and arrangement of flat
pins whereby a much greater yield in the material operated upon is
obtained and less waste than heretofore. The pins are more durable

page_text: than those of ordinary construction. They are cranked similar to a
bayonet, three sides are tapered and the fourth is parallel with the
shank or cranked part. By this form the pins may be brought close
to the edge of the plate or disc into which the shank is inserted at the
same time leaving sufficient strength at the edge of the plate or disc.
Combs made with pins formed in the manner described may be made to
work in much closer contact than heretofore.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Rhodes and John James Richardson in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th April 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JAMES
RHODES and JOHN JAMES RICHARDSON, both of Leeds, in the County
of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said James Rhodes and John James Richardson,
Her special licence that we, the said James Rhodes and John James
Richardson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said James Rhodes and John James Richardson, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
yend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FLAT PINS USED IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND COMBING WOOL, JUTE, FLAX,
SILK, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said James Rhodes and John James Richardson,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument-in writing under our,
or one of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particu-
larly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
(

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Rhodes and John James
Richardson, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the accompanying Drawings and to the letters of reference marked
thereon, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists in the formation and arrangement of flat
pins whereby a much greater yield in the material operated upon is
obtained with less waste than heretofore. The pins are more durable
than those of ordinary construction. They are cranked similar to a
bayonet, three sides are tapered, and the fourth is parallel with the
shank or cranked part. By this form the pins may be brought close to
the edge of the plate or disc into which the shank is inserted at the
same time leaving sufficient strength at the edge of the plate or disc.
Combs made with pins formed in the manner described may be made to
work in much closer contact than heretofore.
The accompanying Drawings shew the manner in which we carry our
Invention into effect.
Figs. 1, 2, and 3, are side views of the pins and Fig. 4 shews the
formation of the pins edgewise.
"
Our Invention consists in the formation, arrangement, and application
of flat pins as shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, whereby a much greater
yield in material operated upon is obtained with less waste than heretofore.
The pins are. more durable than those of ordinary construction. The
upper portion of each is alike, the shank or lower portion is formed
as shewn at a, b, or c, though at the same time it will be obvious that
a' similar result is obtained in each case. Pins shewn at Fig. 2 may be
used for other combs but are particularly applicable to those known as
"Nobles or "botany combs." It will be readily understood that by
pins working in close contact with each other as shewn the material
operated upon cannot pass without being combed, so that the great'
waste hitherto attending machines of ordinary construction is prevented."
Although the upper portion of the pins are brought in close contact,"
and to the edge of the discs or circles, into which their shanks are
inserted, yet sufficient strength of metal is left at the edge as shewn at
d, e, and f. The pins g, h, and i, may either be round or flat as may.
be preferred.

page_text: Having now described the nature of the said Invention and the
manner in which the same is to be performed we would remark in con-
clusion that we do not. limit ourselves to the exact details and con-
figuration as shewn and described, as the same may of course be
varied or modified without in any way departing from the Invention,
as for instance in the formation of the shank, the angle or configuration
of which may be altered to suit the various kinds of work or machines for
which the pins are used, for the purpose of keeping the upper portion
in close contact, but what we do claim and desire to be secured to us
by Letters Patent is,-
The arrangement, construction, and application of pins substantially
as and for purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John James Richardson, for myself
and on behalf of the said James Rhodes, have hereunto set my
liand and seal, this Eighteenth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
JOHN JAMES RICHARDSON. (L.S.)