IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL PAINT
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Francis Jay, of 192, South Lambeth Road,
London, Paint Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENT
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL PAINT."
Sealed the 16th July 1869, and dated the 29th January 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Francis Jay at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th January 1869.
FRANCIS JAY, of 192, South Lambeth Road, London, Paint Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL PAINT," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of an improved paint to
be used in all cases where oil paint is now used.
I propose to use any or all the ingredients now used in the manufac-
ture of paints, but the merit of my Invention is in utilising the common
resin of commerce by combining it with oxide of zinc, and I prefer the
following method of doing it:-The resin is first broken up into dust.

page_text: or small pieces, and then dissolved in benzoline or turpentine until the
solution acquires the consistency of syrup or treacle, or I prefer equal
parts of each of the above spirits or hydrocarbons, and any other hydro-
carbon that will dry and combine with drying oils can be used instead of
turpentine or benzoline. When the solution is complete I gradually
add it to the ozide of zinc, which has previously been made into a paste
with boiled linseed oil, until the whole mixture acquires the consistency
of paint suitable for use. A white paint is thus produced of a most
durable and glossy character capable of resisting heat, moisture,
cold, and friction better than any other known paint. Other pigments,
such as sulphate of barytes, oxide of iron, Brunswick green, red lead,
or any other known ingredient can be added to make any desired color
of paint. I also utilise resin by melting together one part of it with 7
parts of cotton pitch and 2 parts of ozide of zinc for making dark
colored paints. Cotton pitch requires to be combined with some resinous
gum when used as a varnish or paint to give it cohesiveness, durability,
and brightness.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Francis Jay in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st July 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FRANCIS
JAY, of 192, South Lambeth Road, London, Paint Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Francis Jay, Her special licence that
I, the said Francis Jay, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Francis Jay, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL PAINT,"

page_text: upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Francis Jay, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Francis Jay, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of an improved paint to
be used in all cases where oil paint is now used.
I propose to use any or all the ingredients now used in the manufac-
ture of paints, but the merit of my Invention is in utilizing or using
together with such ingredients the common resin of commerce in com-
bination with oxide of zinc. This combination has not heretofore been
practicably employed in the manufacture of paint applicable to the
various purposes for which ordinary paint is used, but as I find that it
has been proposed to employ it in making certain paint-like.compositions
to be applied to ships' bottoms and used for other similar purposes I do
not make any general claim to its use, but only to its use substantially
as herein-after described. The resin is first broken up into dust or small
pieces and melted, by preference in a vessel heated by steam or boiling
water, boiled linseed oil or other drying oil is then added, which cools
the resin to about 180 degrees Fahrenheit; benzoline or turpentine is
then stirred in and well mixed with the other ingredients. I prefer to
use equal parts of each of the above spirits, or any spirit capable of
being employed as a substitute for turpentine and that will dry and
combine with drying oils can be used instead of turpentine or benzoline.
This solution is allowed to get cold and may be kept for any convenient
time. To complete the manufacture of the paint I gradually add to it
oxide. of zinc and sulphate of barytes which have previously bean sifted
together, the powder is well mixed into the solution, and the whole is
then ground in a paint mill until.a smooth paint is obtained suitable
for use.
A white paint is thus produced at a comparatively small
cost and of a most durable and glossy character capable of resisting
heat and moisture, cold and friction better than ordinary paint.

page_text: The proportions in which I employ the materials are,―
American amber resin
Drying oil
-
Turpentine or other spirit
Sulphate of barytes
Oxide of zinc
2 parts or thereabouts.
"
39
1 part
3 parts,
3 parts,,
1 part
"
"
"
"
All these materials are essential to the production of the improved
paint.
To produce a colored paint I use in addition to the above-stated ingre-
dients a sufficient quantity of any pigment to give the tint required; 1
oxide of iron, Brunswick, green, red lead, or other pigment may be
used. The pigment is added at the same time as the oxide of zinc and
sulphate of barytes, and the ingredients are all ground together. Should
a very bright color be required the proportion of oxide of zinc may be
somewhat diminished, but this is not advisable when it can be avoided.
Another way in which according to my Invention I utilize resin in
the manufacture of dark colored paints is by melting together one part
of it with seven parts of cotton pitch (that is to say, the pitch of cotton
seed oil); I then add as before one part of boiled oil and three parts of
turpentine or spirit.
If a chocolate colored paint is required I mix and grind in with a thin
solution or mixture red hoematite oxide of iron, together with oxide of
zinc, or usually for the oxide of zinc I substitute paint bottoms or waste.
containing this material.
The following proportions are those which I employ
Resin
-
Cotton pitch
Drying oil
1 part or thereabouts.
وو
"
"
1
2
2
7 parts
1 part
Turpentine or spirit
3 parts
"
"
Hæmatite oxide of iron
-
3 parts
"
"
8
Paint bottoms containing oxide of zinc - 5 parts
"
"
I prepare a black paint with,—
Resin
-
Cotton pitch
Drying oil
Turpentine or spirit
-
Lamp black
-
دو
Sulphate of barytes
1 part or thereabouts.
- 7 parts
- 2 parts,,
8 parts,,
4 parts,
12 parts..
"
"
8
33

page_text: In these latter compounds the resin, cotton pitch, drying oil, and
turpentine or spirit are essential, but the pigments may be varied.
In witness whereof, I, the said Francis Jay, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.