IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR FORGING IRON
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents, 66,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman,
for the Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR FORGING IRON."-A com-
munication.
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman,
for the Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR FORGING IRON."-A com-
munication.
Sealed the 3rd March 1857, and dated the 25th November 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at tho Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th November 1856.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR FORGING IRON," to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a mode of arranging the hammers of forging
machinery so that they shall all be worked by one cam upon the driving shaft,
without the intervention or necessity of other shafting or gearing for the pur-
pose. The hammers are worked in pairs, and they are thrown by the force of
springs and caused to act in pairs on opposite sides of the work. The driving
shaft is made hollow, and it is fitted with a perforated cam, so placed with
reference to the line around which the hammers act, that the iron may be
passed through the shaft as the work proceeds, and thus a bar of indefinite
length may be readily operated upon. The hollow cam is constructed with

page_text: two branches, placed symmetrically upon opposite sides of the centre, and so.
arranged as to release the two opposite bammers at the same instant, and to
operate each pair of hammers alternately in succession. The hammers are
pivoted to the main frame at their extreme ends, and are thrown when
released from the cam by springs, one end of which is secured to the frame,
and the other furnished with rollers to facilitate the motion of the hammers.
When this machine is employed for the manufacture of wrought nails, the
faces of the hammers may be furnished with cavities for the formation of the
heads, and the nail rod may be fed by the hand of the operator or by an auto-
matic feed apparatus. A suitable cut-off apparatus should also be applied to
detach the nails as formed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 23rd May 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the 25th day of November, in the year of our Lord
1856, in the twentieth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her
special licence that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR FORGING IRON,"
being a communication from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calender
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is

page_text: to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
Fig. 1 is a plan; Fig. 2, a front view; Fig. 3, a perspective view. My
machine is of that class in which the hammers are thrown by the force of
springs, and are brought to bear in pairs upon opposite sides of the iron; and
my Invention consists in so arranging the hammers and the machinery which
actuates them, that they shall all be driven by one cam upon the driving shaft,
without the intervention or necessity of other shafting or gearing for the pur-
pose; and my Invention also consists in the employment of a hollow driving
shaft with a perforated cam, so placed with reference to the line around which
the hammers act, that the iron may be passed through the shaft as the work
proceeds, whereby I am enabled to operate upon a bar of indefinite length, as
will be presently more fully described.
To enable others skilled in the art to understand my Invention, I will
proceed to describe the manner in which I have carried it out.
In the said Drawings, A is the framework of the machine; B, a fly wheel
upon the driving shaft C, to one end of which is secured the driving cam D,
which actuates the hammers; this cam is constructed with two branches f and
9, placed symetrically upon opposite sides of the centre, and so arranged as
to release the two opposite hammers at the same instant, and to operate each
pair of hammers alternately in succession. E, F, G, and I are the hammers,
which are pivoted to the frame at their extreme ends i, and are thrown when
released from the cam by the springs K, one end of which is secured to the
frame, the other being furnished with rollers m to facilitate the motion of the
hammers. By causing the springs and cams to bear upon the hammers at a
point intermediate between the pivots i and the face of the hammers I am
enabled greatly to relieve the strain upon the pivots, which inevitably occurs
when the hammer helve is pivoted at a point removed from its extreme end.
That the machine may be capable of operating upon a bar of indefinite length,
or upon any portion of a long bar, the shaft C is made hollow, and the cam D
which is fitted thereto has an opening in its centre, into and through which
the iron is passed. During the operation of forging, the iron is supported by
the rest M, that is suitably secured to the framework. When this machine is
employed for the manufacture of wrought nails, the faces of the hammers may
be furnished with cavities for the formation of the heads, and the nail rod may
be fed by the hand of the operator or by an automatic feed apparatus. A
suitable cut-off apparatus should also be applied to detach the nails as formed.

page_text: OPERATION.
Power being applied to the driving shaft, the cam D is brought to bear
upon the opposite pairs of hammers, which are alternately released and are
brought together by the springs K with a quick and powerful blow, the cam
being so adapted. that one pair of the hammers is out of the way before the
others fall. It will be perceived that the arrangement of this Invention is
exceedingly simple, there being no anvil, no cog wheels, and but a single cam
and driving shaft, while all sides of the iron are similarly acted upon; the blows
are powerful, and succeed each other in rapid succession, and the pivots, which
have heretofore been the weakest part of these machines, are in my machine
subjected to comparatively slight wear or strain.
Having now set forth the nature of this Invention, and explained the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under
the above recited Letters Patent, I claim,-the arrangement of the four
hammers operating in pairs in the manner set forth, and actuated by a single
central cam, as described; 2nd, I also claim the hollow driving shaft and
perforated cam, operating in the manner and for the purpose substantially as
herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-third day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.B.)