IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL Ener ORRTIFICrar.
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Henton Wood, of Blackweir, in the County
of Glamorgan, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL Ener"
APPARATUS EMPLOYED in the ManufACTURE OR ÅRTIFICrar. Huer
"
Sealed the 5th September 1862, and dated the 7th March 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Henton Wood
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th March 1862.
I, THOMAS HENTON WOOD, of Blackweir, in the County of Glamorgan,
Gentleman, do hereby. declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL," to be
as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing and arranging a cylinder or tube,
and parts connected therewith, in which cylinder dry and hot coal and pitch
are finally and intimately mixed or amalgamated during their manufacture
into artificial fuel in such manner that the said cylinder or tube may be main-
tained from top to bottom at a red heat, and that the material may be passed
through the said cylinder, and be thoroughly mixed and amalgamated therein
without choking or clogging.
Within an outer casing lined with fire-clay or other material to prevent
loss of heat by radiation, I place a vertical iron cylinder or tube, and leave
space between the casing and the tube. I make this space into a spiral flue
communicating at bottom with a furnace, and having its outlet near the top,

page_text: and from the side of the apparatus. I prefer that the cylinder should be
12 inches in diameter, but it may be either more or less. Upon a shaft made
to rotate inside the cylinder I fix arms, the ends of each arm being turned or
bent up or down at right angles or nearly so with the arm. These bent ends
approach nearly to, but do not touch the cylinder, and act as scrapers to keep
the cylinder clean, and prevent it being clogged. The cylinder is fed at top,
and the amalgamated material issues from the bottom into a shoot provided
for its reception. In order to regulate the discharge of the material I alter
the inclination of the shoot.
Although I prefer the cylinder or tube, and the whole apparatus to be
vertical, yet it may be more or less inclined.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Henton Wood. in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 6th September 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
HENTON WOOD, of Blackweir, in the County of Glamorgan, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Thomas Henton Wood, Her special licence, that I, the, said
Thomas Henton Wood, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Thomas Henton Wood, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
.Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL
FUEL," upon the condition (amongst others) that. I, the said Thomas Henton
Wood, my executors or adminstrators, by an instrument. in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner. the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next, and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Henton Wood do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:
My Invention consists in constructing and arranging a cylinder or tube,
and parts connected therewith, in which cylinder dry and hot coal and pitch
are finally intimately mixed or amalgamated together during their manufac-
ture into artificial fuel in such manner that the said cylinder or tube may be
maintained from top to bottom at a red heat, and that the material may be
passed through the said cylinder, and be thoroughly mixed and amalgamated
therein without choking or clogging.
:
Within an outer casing lined with fire-clay or other material to prevent loss
of heat by radiation, I place a vertical iron cylinder or tube, and leave space
between the casing and the tube. I make this space into a spiral flue com-
municating at bottom with a furnace, and having its outlet near the top, and
from the side of the apparatus. I prefer that the cylinder should be 14 inches
in diameter, but it may be either more or less. Upon a shaft made to rotato
inside the cylinder I fix arms, the ends of each arm being turned or bent up
or down at right angles or nearly so with the arm. These bent ends approach
nearly to but do not touch the cylinder, and act as scrapers to keep the
cylinder clean, and prevent it being clogged. The cylinder is fed at top, and
the amalgamated material issues from the bottom into a shoot provided for
its reception. In order to regulate the discharge of the material, I alter the
inclination of the shoot.
Although I prefer the cylinder or tube, and the whole apparatus to be
vertical, yet it may be more or less inclined.
The accompanying Drawing is a longitudinal section of an apparatus con-
structed according to my Invention. a is a vertical cylinder or tube; and 6 is
the outer casing, made to form a spiral flue, by which heat is conveyed round
the cylinder a from a furnace A opening into the said flue; c is a shaft passing
through the cylinder, and supported at bottom in a shoe d; e is a socket joint
or coupling to allow of the shaft being removed when not in use, or of its
being replaced by another should circumstances require it; f,f, are arms on
the shaft, with bent-up ends f', f', and turn-down ends f³, f³. The dry and
hot coal and pitch are fed in at the top of the apparatus, and escape from
the lower part thereof through the outlet g; h is a flap or shoot, the outer
end of which is connected by a chain or rod i to a lever k with a balance
weight, so that the opening 9 can be closed when the machine is first put into

page_text: operation, and afterwards either partially or entirely opened as the state of
the material operated upon may require, thus regulating the angle at which
the flap is kept, and thereby the discharge of the amalgamated material;
1, 1, is the driving gear. For the purpose of facilitating the removal of the
shaft and scrapers when required, I fit a pulley, chain, and winch immediately
over the shaft c.
And having now described the naturo of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, the employment
in apparatus for the manufacture of artificial fuel of a cylinder or tube, in
which dry and hot coal and pitch are mixed and amalgamated, which cylinder
or tube is maintained from top to bottom at a red heat, substantially in
manner herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Henton Wood, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of September, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-two.
THOMAS HENTON WOOD (L.S.)