A New or Improved Rotary Motor, applicable also to Pumps, Ventilators, and the like,
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Aug., 1898-Accepted, 12th Nov., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Rotary Motor, applicable also to Pumps,
Ventilators, and the like,
We, PIERRE ARBEL and JEAN PIERRE TIHON, both of 4, Rue du Luxembourg,
Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to an improved motor having an initial rotary movement,
that is to say a motor in which the movement of that part on which the pressure
of the motor fluid is exerted, is transmitted by rotation to a shaft passing through
said part and which serves as a motor shaft, consequently all the external parts for
transmitting and converting alternating rectilinear movement into a continuous
circular movement, such as connecting rods and cranks, are dispensed with.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is an elevation,
Figure 2 a vertical section at right angles to the axis of the shaft D.
Figure 3 a vertical side section showing the ring forming a piston at the com-
mencement of one of its evolutions from left to right.
Figure 4 a horizontal section through the axis of the distributing taps o
valves J J.
Figure 5 a horizontal section of the head piece or capital B, and
Figures 6 and 7 similar sections to that of Figure 3 only showing the ring
forming a piston in its two extreme vertical positions.
The motor is composed essentially of a cylinder A on which is cast in one piece
with it the frame of the machine, and which has along a large part of its length
a recess or chamber, a, serving as steam supply pipe.
At its upper part the cylinder has a port a¹. On the plate u Figure 2, a cap
or head piece B is placed in the wall of which there is a discharge pipe band
which contains the distributing apparatus. Two plates C enclose the head piece B
at the sides and form the two faces of the cylinder constituting the body of the
motor. These plates serve as supports for the bearings of the shaft D. The
bearings may also be arranged directly on said plates.
A cam made of two similar parts E El connected by a rod and nut f is keyed
eccentrically on the shaft D. The joint between the two halves of said cani is
thus placed in the axis of the machine; and forms in its periphery a small groove
serving to hold a series of balls l. According as the balls wear away the two halves
of said cam may be approached more or less by means of said screw or nut f.
The whole of the cam E E¹ is surrounded with a sleeve or ring of cast metal G,
on the interior surface of which is screwed a ring g of tempered steel which forms
a race for said ball . These latter thus serve as means for transmitting the move-
ment between the sleeve G and the cam E E, the dimensions of the sleeve and the
cam being such that the sleeve in moving round the shaft D has constantly one of
its generatrices in contact with the interior surface of the cylinder A, the ring G
being approximately of the same length as the cylinder, the result is that said ring G
bears with it two faces with slight friction on the two plates C. The sleeve has a

page_text: longitudinal partition H of steel, the two lateral faces of which also bear on said
plates C.
The whole of the sleeve G and the partition H forms a piston in the cylinder A.
The height of the partition H is such that the latter remains always engaged by
its upper extremity in a special bend or knee piece I 1' arranged in the head piece B,
and guiding the movements of the part H. Said knee piece I, I' is formed by
two identical portions of a bronze cylinder from which a longitudinal section of a
thickness corresponding to that of the partition H is removed, the remaining seg
ments being also recessed as shown at o o' in section in Figures 2, 6 and 7 and
in elevation in dotted lines in Figure 3. In the head piece B a socket or alveolus
is arranged for receiving said knee piece I I¹ which latter moves therein with slight
friction. The ports oo are arranged in said knee piece in such a way that the
latter serves as distributing organ, that is to say alternately opens and closes the
supply of steam to the rotary piston according to the position which the latter
occupies in the cylinder.
The
Two taps or valves J J¹ are arranged at each side of the knee piece I I¹. Accord-
ing to the direction of the movement, one of these taps or valves serves to establish
communication between the admission pipe L and the chamber or recess a and
the cylinder A, whilst the other places said cylinder in communication with the
escapement M arranged at the summit of the head piece B, or vice versa.
simultaneous movement of opening the tap or valve J and closing the other
Jor vice versa, is obtained by means of a single handle R operating a wheel k
mounted loosely on a shaft K fixed on one of the plates C. This wheel
with two cogwheels jjl keyed respectively on the spindles of the taps or valves J J¹.
Washers N have no further use except to facilitate the construction.
The working of the motor is as follows:-
gears
Under
The fluid under pressure arriving by the supply pipe L reaches the recess or
chamber a and passing successively through the opening r¹ of the tap or valve J¹,
the passage p of the head piece B and the opening or recess o¹ of the knee piece I
flows into the cylinder A where it acts on the partition H and the sleeve G.
the pressure of the steam the whole arrangement G H moves from right to left
communicating by the intermediary of the ring of balls the movement received
to the cam E E, and consequently to the shaft D on which the cam is keyed. When
the arrangement G H has made a half rotation, that is to say when it has reached
the position shown in Figure 7 at the bottom of its course the partition H being
vertical, the opening o¹ ceases to communicate with the tap or valve J', the knee
piece I having closed the passage p¹. Steam is therefore no longer admitted to
the cylinder. The steam admitted then expands and continues to cause the part GH
to travel round the cylinder A, the sleeve G being always in contact with the left hand
part of the surface of the cylinder A. When the partition H again arrives in a vertical
position at the height of its course communication is instantly made between the
interior of the whole of the cylinder and the discharge opening through the
passage of the tap or valve J. Immediately afterwards the recess o again opens
the passage p¹ and a fresh supply of steam is admitted and a reproduction of the
cycle of movement hereinbefore described takes place.
The reversal of the direction of movement is easily obtained by giving the
handle R, a quarter of a revolution and thus placing the two taps or valves J J'
in communication with the inlet and the discharge pipes respectively.
A simple and convenient method of lubricating the various parts of the motor is
as follows. Oil is introduced into the cavity 9 through an opening formed for
this purpose, and the partition H dipping into this oil has two passages m m¹
formed in it which open into the interior of the sleeve G, so that the oil descends
from the chamber q to the cam, the ring of balls, the shaft D and the bearings,
thus suitably lubricating all the friction surfaces.
It is needless to state that the interior surfaces of the cylinder A and also the
exterior surfaces of the ring G may be provided with washers in any suitable
manner for ensuring the more perfect tightness of the joints.

page_text: The mechanical means for regulating the separation or distance apart of the
two half cams E E¹ may also be varied without altering the principle of this
invention.
The motor hereinbefore described is particularly intended to be actuated by
steam but it is evident that it could equally well be connected to a compressed air
supply pipe. It is also applicable as a pump, ventilator, or the like.
Moreover by the addition of an igniting device it could be combined with a
pump and carburetting arrangement to form an explosion motor.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. A rotary motor having a part which receives the pressure of the motor fluid
consisting of a sleeve (G) carrying a partition (H) arranged and guided in a
knee piece (II) forming a distributing apparatus by means of two recesses o ol
brought automatically into and out of communication with the inlet passages (p p²)
alternately, said part (G H) enclosing a cam (EE) formed in two parts and keyed
eccentrically on the main shaft (D) the distance between the two parts of said cam
being capable of being suitably regulated, and the joint between the two parts
of said cam forming on its periphery a groove for carrying a ring of balls (1)
by the intermediary of which the movement of the part (GH) is transmitted to
said cam and to the shaft (D) substantially as herein before described and shown in
the accompanying drawings.
2. In a rotary motor, means for altering the direction of the movement of the
motor consisting of a lever (R) actuating a toothed wheel geared with two cog-
wheels (j) mounted respectively on the spindles of the taps or valves (J J¹) in
such a way that on a quarter of a revolution being imparted to the lever (R) one
of said taps or valves is placed in communication with the admission pipe and the
other with the discharge pipe or vice versa, substantially as hereinbefore described
and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Oth Ja of 1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of G, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicants.