IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn
Fields, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SEWING MACHINES."-A com-
munication from abroad by the Grover and Baker Sewing Machine
Company, of New York, in the United States of America.
Sealed the 29th March 1870, and dated the 31st January 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 31st January 1870.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SEWING MACHINES,”
a communication from abroad by the Grover and Baker Sowing
Machine Co., of New York, in the United States of America, to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to the construction of sewing machines, and
consists of certain improvements, which may be divided into three
Leads.

page_text: The first head of the Invention has reference more particularly to the
construction of that class of sewing machines in which the stitch is
formed by the joint operation of an eye pointed needle and a recipro-
cating eye pointed looper, the former perforating the material and
passing loops of thread through it, and the latter interlooping a second
thread with the loops of needle thread so as to form what is known as
the Grover and Baker stitch. The object of this head of the Invention
is to enable the driving power to be applied to a sewing machine of the
said class at the side thereof which is behind the axis of the needle arm,
while the needle arm and the looper are constructed so as to operate
substantially as in the Grover and Baker family sewing machines now in
common use. To this end the first head of this Invention consists of the
combination of the following parts, viz. :—
1st. A. vibrating double-headed arm which actuates the needle from
above the table of the sewing machine and also extends beneath the
said table, and is connected with a vibrating looper so as to actuate the
same.
2nd. A driving shaft arranged with its axis parallel or thereabouts
with the plane of vibration of the said vibrating arm.
3rd. A vibrating eye pointed. looper to interchain a second thread
with the thread carried by the needle.
This head of the Invention consists further of the combining together
of the aforesaid three parts by means of a cam arranged upon the
said driving shaft so as to operate the said double-headed needle
arm.
Also of the combination of the aforesaid three parts with a recipro-
cating toothed advancing instrument for moving the cloth or material to
be sewed past the needle.
The essential features therefor of the first head of this Invention
consist of the combination and arrangement of the double-headed
vibrating arm, the driving shaft having its axis arranged parallel to the
plane of vibration of such arm, and the vibrating eye pointed looper, the
whole constructed to operate substantially as described.
Also the combination and arrangement of the double-headed vibrating
arm, the cam for operating the same, the driving shaft arranged as a
described, and the vibrating eye pointed looper, the whole constructed to
operate substantially as described.

page_text: Also the combination and arrangement of the double-headed vibrating
arm, the driving shaft having its axis arranged parallel to the plane of
vibration of such arm, the vibrating eye pointed looper, and the recipro-
cating toothed advancing instrument, the whole constructed to operate
substantially as described.
The 2nd head of this Invention relates to improvements in the
construction of the following parts of sewing machines, viz., the feed
mechanism, the take-up mechanism for the needle thread, the shuttle
and its appurtenances, and the construction of the needle arm and of
the bearing of the shaft that passes through it and operates the needle.
The improvements under this head consist, firstly, of a rocking feeding
mechanism which advances the cloth by means of a rocking feeding
instrument, having its toothed feeding surface in the form of a segment
of a cylinder and concentric with the pivot upon which such instru-
ment rocks. This feeding instrument is combined with a rising
and descending bar for raising and lowering it, also with an adjustable
tappit for causing the feeding surface to advance and for varying
the extent of its movements. A reverse tappit is employed to effect
the return movement of the feeding instrument, and a stop is pro-
vided to limit the extent of this return movement. The reverse
tappit forms a spring, or a spring may be applied between it and the
feeding instrument to compensate any change in the relative positions
of the parts due to a variation in the extent of feed. A friction spring
is employed in order to prevent the feeding instrument from moving
accidently. The reverse tappit and stop may be used if desired in a
machine provided with a reciprocating feeder. which does not rock upon
an axis.
According to another mode of arranging some of the parts of this
improved feeding mechanism an adjustable screw is connected with
the arm of the feeder instead of with the tappit, and the acting surface
of the arm is made adjustable instead of the surface of the tappit.
The adjustment of the feed is effected by turning the adjustable picco
so as to screw it towards or from the tappit. The screw is fitted with
a milled head to which the hand of the operator may be applied; this
head also is slit to receive a screwdriver, and a hole may be made in the
bed plate above the head to permit the screwdriver to be passed down
to the slit head.

page_text: 2ndly. Of a vibrating take up arm for the needle thread operated
by a cam independently of the needle carrier in lieu of from the needle
bar itself.
Thirdly. Of a shuttle having a grove in the inner side of one of its ends
to receive one of the journals of the spool, a catch being provided to hold
such journal in the groove. A tension spring is employed for making
tension upon the shuttle thread, such spring being controlled by an
adjusting screw whose head bears in a hole in the side of the shuttle,
and can be operated by a screwdriver from the outer side of the shuttle.
It is also proposed to employ a tension spring constructed with notches
opposite the tension holes of the shuttle, so as to permit the shuttle
thread to be readily threaded through such holes. The shuttle race is
provided with a recess in its vertical side in the vecinity of the needle
track for the free passage of the needle thread.
Fourthly. In constructing the hollow needle arm of the machine with
an opening in one of its sides sufficiently large to admit of the insertion
of the crank and crank shaft, also in .constructing one of the bearings
of such shaft in such a manner that it forms a cap to close the said
opening after the insertion of the shaft.
The third head of this Invention relates to the construction of the
treddle motions for operating sewing machines, and consists essentially
of the combination of the crank shaft of the treddle motion with both
a treddle to be operated by the foot, and with a handle to be operated
by the hand so that the operator may operate the machine by either his
hand or his foot, or by both hand and foot as found expedient.
According to one mode of carrying out this part of the Invention
the crank shaft is fitted with a fly wheel pulley, which is grooved to
receive the belt by which motion is transmitted to the sewing machine
above. The fly wheel has a crank pin applied to it to receive one end
of the connecting rod, which connects the crank pin with the treddle
beneath, and as the treddle is arranged to vibrate crosswise to the plane
of revolution of the crank pin the lower end of the connecting rod is
constructed with a joint to permit of such vibration. The handle is
connected with the crank shaft by means of a crank. Hence the crank
shaft may be turned either by the application of the foot to the
treddle, or by the application of the hand to the handle, or by both
simultaneously. Or if preferred the handle may be formed upon a

page_text: Iever which is connected by a connecting rod with the same crank pin
as the treddle is connected with, the crank pin being made long enough
to receive both connecting rods. As the lever is arranged to vibrate
crosswise to the plane of revolution of the crank pin the second con-
necting rod is jointed in the same manner as the other. The form of
traddle motion last described may be modified by applying the second
connecting rod to the crank pin of a crank, which is secured to the
front end of the fly wheel shaft at the front side of the cross bar, by
which the bearing of the fly wheel shaft is supported. In this case the
fulcrum pivot of the lever handle would be at its rear end, and the con-
necting rod would be pivotted to the lever between its fulcrum pivot and
the handle.
Under another modification the handle is also connected with a lever,
which is arranged above the crank shaft and is connected with it by
means of a connecting rod which operates upon the crank pin. This
crank pin projects from one of the arms of the pulley fly wheel secured
to the crank shaft, and the treddle is connected with the same crank
shaft by means of a connecting rod.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 30th July 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors; give.
and grant unto me, the said John Henry Johnson, Her special license
that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my exccutors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Henry. Johnson,.
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,

page_text: First. A vibrating double-headed arm, which actuates the needle from
above the table of the sewing machine, and also extends beneath
the said table and is connected with a vibrating looper so as to actuato
the same.
Second. A driving shaft arranged with its axis parallel or thereabouts
with the plane of vibration of the vibrating arm.
Third. A vibrating eye pointed looper to interchain a second thread
with the thread carried by the needle.
This head of the Invention consists further of the combination of
the aforesaid three parts or instrumentalities with or by means of a
cam arranged upon the said driving shaft so as to operate the said
double-headed needle arm. Also of the combination of the aforesaid
three instrumentalities with a reciprocating toothed advancing instru-
ment for moving the cloth or material to be sewed past the needle.
The said new combinations are embodied in the sewing machine repre-
scnted on Sheets 1, 2, and 3 of the accompanying Drawings.
Figure 1 (Sheet 1) represents a plan of the machine with the bed
plates and the parts above it removed; Figure 2 (Sheet 2) represents a
vertical longitudinal section of the machine; and Figure 3 (Sheet 3)
represents a vertical transverse section of the box stand at the line
X, X, of Figure 2, shewing parts of the machine beneath the bed plate.
In the said machine the needle is carried by a double-headed vibrating
arm A, which is constructed with a rock shaft e that is arranged to
vibrate upon centres secured to the bed plate B. One branch d of this
arm extends beneath the bed plate and carries at its front end the
driver, by means of which motion is imparted to a vibrating cyo
pointed looper m which is secured to the upper end of the spirally
grooved arbor upon which the driver operates. The construction of
the looper and of the mechanism for imparting motion to it from the
double-headed vibrating arm A. are the same as in the ordinary Grover
and Baker family sewing machines in general use and therefore need
not be more particularly described. The driving shaft F' extends under
the bed plate, and its axis is parallel with the plane of vibration of the
arm A. The cam G for operating said arm is secured to this driving
shaft, and the pin H by which motion is transmitted from the cam to
the vibrating an projects laterally from the said arm into the groove 11

page_text: of the cam.
The stem of the pin is fitted with a friction wheel or
bowl in the usual manner. The cam groove n in this instance is so
formed as to cause the vibrating arm A to make two complete double
vibrations for cach revolution of the cam, but this construction of thic
cam groove forms no part of the present Invention. The front end of
the driving shaft F has two cams k, l, secured to it for the purpose of
imparting motion to the advancing instrument or feeding surface I of
the sewing machine, one of such cams () serving to raise the said
instrument and to permit it to descend, and the other cam (1) serving
to move the said instrument I horizontally in one direction, a spring /
being applied to move it horizontally in the opposite direction, so that
the said instrument has a reciprocating motion imparted to it. The
operating surface of the advancing instrument is roughened by having
small teeth formed thereon in the usual manner, and the construction
of the stock J of the said instrument and the appurtenances are in this
instance the same as the corresponding parts of the well-known Grover
and Baker family sewing machine. The driving shaft I extends beyond
the side of the machine which is behind the rock shaft c, whose axis
is the axis of vibration of the needle arm A, and the projecting
extremity of the driving shaft is fitted with a fly wheel E, to one of
the arms of which a crank handle g is secured for the purpose of
enabling the machine to be operated by hand. If the machine is to
be operated by power the crank handle is removed and a pulley is
secured to the outer side of the fly wheel, or to the extremity of the
driving shaft to receive the driving belt. The bed plate B forms the
top of a box C which contains all the parts of the machine that require
protection, and form a convenient case by which they are protected
from injury, and it also sustains the fly wheel E at such a height above
the feet of the box stand that the machine may be set upon any ordinary
table and operated by hand.
The second head of this Invention relates to improvements in the
construction of the following parts of sewing machines, viz., the feed
mechanism, the take up mechanism for the needle thread, the shuttle
and its appurtenances, and the construction of the needle arm and of the
bearing of the shaft that passes through it and operates the needle.
A machine embodying all these improvements comprised under the
second head of this Invention is represented in the accompanying
Drawings on Sheets 4, 5, and 6.

page_text: Figure 1 (Sheet 4) represents a side elevation of the machine drawn
to a scale of half the working dimensions.
Figure 2 (Sheet 5) represents a full sized elevation of the end of the
machine with a portion of the bed plate removed to exhibit parts beneath
it.
Figure 3 represents a plan of a portion of the machine with the covers
of the shuttle race removed.
Figure 4 (Sheet 6) represents a side elevation of certain parts of the
machine.
Figure 5 (Sheet 4) represents a vertical longitudinal section of a part
of the fixed bracket arm and the adjacent parts.
Figures 6 to 15 (Sheet 6) represent views of detached parts of the
machine.
Figures 11 to 14 represent views of the shuttle detached from the
machine.
The machine is constructed with a strong bed plate A whose upper
surface forms the sewing table upon which the article to be sewed is sup-
ported. This bed plate is surmounted by the fixed bracket arm B, which
is hollow and is traversed by the revolving driving shaft C that operates
the needle bar D. This shaft is supported on bearings, one of which E is
at the rear side of the bracket arm, and it is fitted at its front end with a
crank pin a (Figure 10) (projecting from the Lub F) which enters into
and actuates a hollow oblong slotted piece or cam G secured to the
needle bar. The driving shaft C. is fitted with a pulley wheel H to
which the driving belt is applied. The needle bar slides vertically in
guides formed in the head J (Figure 4) of the bracket arm, and is fitted
at its lower end with a screw clamp 6 for holding the needle. The.
shuttle K of the machine is fitted to reciprocate in a shuttle track or
race L formed in the bed plate and covered by two removable slides m.
This shuttle is caused to reciprocate by means of the shuttle driver M
(Figure 3), which is connected by a connecting rod with an arm that
projects from the rock shaft O beneath the bed plate. This rock shaft
is supported in suitable bearings and is caused to rock by the revolution
of the driving shaft C by the following means:-The driving shaft is
bent to form a crank d (Figure 5) the pin of which is connected with
an arm projecting from the rock shaft by the connecting rod g. The
fecding of the material is effected by the rocking feeder P (Figure 2)

page_text: h
having a toothed feeding surface and operating in combination with the
presser foot which is affixed to the lower end of a sliding stem R and
is depressed by the action of a spring S (Figure 15) coiled upon that
stem. The rocking feeder P is pivotted to a bar T, one end of which is
connected by a pivot with a hanger U depending from the bed plate,
which bar T is caused to rise and is permitted to drop by means of a
cam V (Fig. 4 and Figure 4) secured to the rock shaft O. The
lowest position of the feeder is determined by a stop (Figure 2) whose
stem is traversed by a perforated lug c projecting from the vibrating
bar T, so that the head of the stop limits the descent of the bar. The
descent of the feeder is ensured by the action of a spring j, which is
coiled upon the stem of the stop and operates upon the upper side of
the lug c.
The form of the cam V is such that the bar with the feeder
remains at rest in its lowest position beneath the surface of the table
while the feeding surface is moved backward. The toothed feeding
surface is curved concentrically with the pivot e (upon which the
feeder rocks) so that it has the form of a segment of a cylinder, and
when this surface is rocked forward in contact with the material it las
the same action upon the material as a feed wheel. The feeding
surface is caused to advance or move forward in the direction for
feeding by the rocking action of an adjustable tappet X (Figure 2)
secured to the rock shaft O, the said tappet operating upon an arm i
which extends over it from the shank of the feeder P. Tho acting
surface of the tappet is made adjustable so as to vary the extent of
movement imparted to the feeder, and thus vary the distance to which
the material is moved at every stitch. To this end it is connected with
the body of the tappet by being constructed with a screw shank S
which is screwed through the said body and is fitted with a jam nut
by which it is secured in the desired position. When the feed is to be
adjusted the jam nut is slacked, the adjustable picce is turned to a
screw it towards or from the body of the tappet, and the jam nut is
screwed
up to secure the parts in their positions. In order to rock the
feeder P backwards preparatory to its advance a reverse tappet Z is
connected with the rock shaft O in the proper position to operate upon
the upper side of the arm i of the feeder, when the rock shaft O
rocks backwards and moves the adjustable tappet X from the under
side of the said arm i. The distance to which the feeder is moved
backwards is regulated by a stop which projects from the bar T in
position to limit the movement of an arm q that projects from the

page_text: shank of the feeder, and the reverse tappet Z is a spring plate, so that
any change in the positions of the parts due to a variation in the extent
of the feed is compensated by the yielding of the spring plate. Instead
of making the reverse tappet a spring plate, such tappet (or other
instrument for imparting the positive backward movement) may bo
made rigid, and a spring may be applied to the part of the shank of the
feeder upon which it acts, or may be arranged to intervene between the
reverse tappet (or other instrument) and the feeder, either of which
constructions would be the equivalent of the spring tappet in the com-
bination. This combination of the reverse tappet and stop ensures the
positive returns of the feeder always to the same starting point, which is
a great advantage in sewing machines having a reciprocating feeder, and
this part of the Invention may be used in a machine having a
reciprocating feeder which does not rock upon an axis. Both tappets X
and Z are not continuously in contact with the feeder, and consequently
the latter might be moved too far during its advance by the rapid action
of the advancing tappet, it might also move backward before the proper
time; to prevent such improper movements a frictional spring A' is
applied to the side of the feeder so as to produce sufficient friction
between it and the side of the bar T to prevent improper movements of
the feeder. This spring is by preference constructed of helical form, and
is placed upon the shank of the pivot e of the feeder, the head of such
pivot forming the bearing for the spring. The needle thread for the
machine is drawn in the usual manner from a spool placed upon a spool
|standard B¹ and is passed through a thread tension C'. This thread also
on its way to the needle is passed through the cyc c¹ (Figure 2) of a
take-up D', which is constructed to vibrate upon a pivot secured to the
head J of the bracket arm, and has two arms b², 6ª, the former being
fitted at its end with the eye e¹ through which the thread is passed, and
the other arm (6) projecting over a cam E¹ (Figure 9) secured to the
driving shaft C. The cam effects the upward movement of the take-up
and controls its downward movement, which is ensured by the action of
a spring F¹. This spring for economy is made of helical form and is
arranged upon the pivot of the take-up, the moveable end of the
spring acting upon the body ¹ of the take-up. The cam E¹ is secured
to the hub F of the driving shaft by means of a screw a passing through
a curved slot in the cam so that the cam may be adjusted to vary the
operation of the take-up according to the peculiarities of the sewing to
be done. This mode of operating the take-up by means of a cam instead

page_text: of as usual by the needle bar renders the take-up independent of the
necille bar, and permits the motion of the take-up to be given and
controlled in the manner best suited to produce good work, the form of
the cam being by preference made as represented in the Drawings so
as to permit the take-up to commence its descent slowly and then to
descend rapidly to its lowest point. The take-up mechanism also
operates with little friction and with no material jar, and as it is
independent of the needle carrier the movement of the latter need not
be stopped at any time for the purpose of permitting the take-up to rest
during the passage of the shuttle through the loop of needle thread,
consequently the needle carrier may have an almost continuous
movement imparted to it, and the cam G by which that movement is
imparted may have easier grades than has heretofore been customary in
machines having the needle bar driven in like manner. The shuttle K
has at the inner side of its but a socket to receive one of the journals of ]
the spool G¹. The inner side of the head of the shuttle is constructed
with a groove s¹ to receive the other journal of the spool, the distance
inward to which this groovo is cut being such that the spool is in its
right position when its journal rests against the bottom of the groove.
The spool is held in the groove by means of a spring catch
hook formed end overlaps the journal and prevents its movement
outward from the shuttle cavity. The spring catch also operates as a
friction brake upon the journal of the spool and produces tension upon
the thread. The spring by which the catch is operated is secured to
it and bears against the side of the shuttle cavity.
whose 2
2
In order that the tension of the shuttle thread may be controlled the
side of the shuttle is perforated with holes m², m³, (Figure 3) for the
passage of the shuttle thread, and a spring thread tension H', Figures 12
and 14, is arranged in the cavity of the shuttle to bear against the thread
passed through the said holes. The amount of pressure which this 3
spring tension can exert is adjusted by means of a screw x' (Figures 3, 11,
12, and 14), whose head is made conical and is fitted to turn in a conical
hole formed in the side of the shuttle, the shank of the screw being
screwed into a boss formed upon the free end of the spring thread
tension. Hence the screw can be readily turned by the application of 3
a screwdriver from the outside of the shuttle, which is a great cou-
venience; morcover, the pressure of the spring tension holds the screw
head in its bearing sufficiently firm to prevent it from turning by the

page_text: jar of the machine, and consequently the tension of the shuttle thread
is not liable to variation during sewing. Instead of constructing the
spring thread tension to press outwards in the cavity of the shuttle, it
may be constructed to press inwards therein. In this case the head
of the screw is of conical form, as previously described, but the taper
is reversed, and the hole for the screw head is countersunk at the outside
of the shuttle instead of at the inside thereof. In order to facilitate
the passage of the thread through the tension holes m², m³, of the
shuttle, the spring tension instead of being constructed in the form of
a straight edged bar is constructed with notches (see Figure 12)
opposite the tension holes, so that the thread can be readily threaded
through them without first moving the spring from before them. In
this construction the sides of the toothed projections 2 between tho
notches of the spring tension afford the requisite surface for pressing
upon the thread. In order that the needle thread may have free play
between the side of the shuttle race and the shuttle the upright side 1'
(Figures 7 and 8) of the race is cut away in the vicinity of the needle
track to form a recess q³, through which the needle thread can pass
freely, and the bottom of the race is cut away to form a recess f
(Figure 8). The driving shaft C is constructed by preference in one
piece with the crank & that operates the rock shaft O. In order that the
cranked driving shaft may be inserted in its place the opening in the
rear side of the bracket arm must be sufficiently large to admit it, and
on the other hand the opening should be closed when the driving shaft
is in place. In order to effect these two objects economically the
opening is made by preference of circular form and of the necessary
size, and the exterior of the bearing E of the rear journal of the driving
shaft is constructed in the form of a disc to fit and close that opening.
This construction permits all the parts to be constructed at a low cost
and of a neat appearance; and the bearing operates not only as a
bearing for the shaft, but also as a cap to close the opening in the
bracket arm. This combined bearing and cap may be held in its place
by means of a screw inserted transversely through the rim of the opening
in the bracket arm; or it may be constructed with a flange to overlap
the rim of the opening, and may be fastened by screws extending
through the flange into that rim.
Another mode of arranging some of the parts of the improved feeding

page_text: In this case the screw shank S is connected with the arm i of the
feeder P instead of with the tappet X, and the acting surface of the
arm i is made adjustable instead of the surface of the tappet. The
adjustment of the feed is effected by turning the adjustable piece 7 so
as to screw it towards or from the tappet. The screw shank S is fitted
with a milled head, to which the hand of the operator may be applied;
this head also is slit to receive a screwdriver, and a hole may be made
in the bed plate A above the head, to permit the screwdriver to be
passed down to the slit head.
The third head of this Invention relates to the construction of the
driving or actuating mechanism of sewing machines, and consists of
the combination of the crank shaft of the treadle motion with both a
treadle to be operated by the foot and with a handle to be operated by
the hand, so that the operator may operate the machine by either his
hand or his foot, or by both hand and foot as found expedient.
I
This part of the Invention may be embodied in various forms, three of
which are shown in the Drawings on Sheets 7 and 8. In the arrange-
ment represented at Figures 1 and 2, Sheet 7, the crank shaft a is
fitted with a fly wheel pulley b, which is grooved to receive the belt
by which motion is transmitted to the sewing machine above. The 3
fly wheel has a crank pin c applied to it to receive one end of the
connecting rod d which connects the crank pin with the treadle e
beneath, and as the treadle is arranged to vibrate crosswise to the
plane of revolution of the crank pin the lower end of the connecting
rod d is constructed with a joint f to permit of such vibration. The 2
handle is connected with the crank shaft a by means of a crank h.
Hence the crank shaft a may be turned cither by the application of the
foot to the treadle e, or by the application of the hand to the handle g,
or by both simultaneously. In the arrangement of treadle motion repre-
sented at Figures 3 and 4, Sheet 8, the handle g is formed upon a lever ja
which is connected by a connecting rod d' with the same crank pin c as
the treadlee is connected with, the crank pin being made long enough
to receive both connecting rods d and d'. As the lever is arranged to
vibrate crosswise to the plane of revolution of the crank pin the second
connecting rod d is jointed at f¹ in the same manner as the other d is 3
at f. The form of treadle motion represented at Figures 3 and 4 may be
modified by applying the second connecting rod to the crank pin of a

page_text: AS TO THE 2ND HEAD OF INVENTION.
Fourth. The peculiar rocking feeding mechanism constructed and
operating substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by the
Drawings.
Fifth. The peculiar independent take-up mechanism constructed and 5
operating substantially as and for the purpose licrcin-before described
and illustrated by the Drawings.
Sixth. The peculiar construction of shuttle as hercin-before described
and illustrated by the Drawings.
Seventh. The construction of the bracket arm and the bearing of the 1
driving shaft so that the latter shall form a cap to close the opening in
the former, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before described
and illustrated by the Drawings.
AS TO THIRD HEAD OF INVENTION.
Eighth. The peculiar arrangement of treddle or driving mechanism
so constructed as to be capable of being operated with a treadle and
with a handle either alone or conjointly, substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated by the Drawings.
T the said Talın Han Tahnoon have to this
and illustrated by the Drawings.
AS TO THIRD HEAD OF INVENTION.
Eighth. The peculiar arrangement of treddle or driving mechanism
so constructed as to be capable of being operated with a treadle and
with a handle either alone or conjointly, substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated by the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this
my Specification set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day
of July One thousand cight hundred and seventy.