Improved Apparatus for Raising or Forcing Liquids and Exhausting Spaces, Chiefly Applicable for Raising Corrosive, Thick, or Hot Liquids, and in Conjunction with Filter Presses.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 29th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 30th Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Raising or Forcing Liquids and Exhausting
Spaces, Chiefly Applicable for Raising Corrosive, Thick, or Hot
Liquids, and in Conjunction with Filter Presses.
We, LUDWIG KERN and LEO KERN, Manufacturers, of Edenkoben in the Palatinate,
Kingdom of Bavaria and Empire of Germany, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention to be as follows :—
Our invention relates to apparatus for raising (by suction and pressure) fluids and
semi-fluids, such as water, acids, lyes, syrup, distillers' wash, the principal object being
to provide a simple, cheap, efficient and durable appliance for raising hot, strongly
acid or alkaline, or muddy liquids and for forcing them into filter prosses.
The new elevator chiefly comprises an oblong body of wood and is adapted to act on
the principle of an injector or ejector. The length is preferably about 36 centi-
metres, the external diameter about 20 contimetres, and a part of the outside is armed
with iron. The body has a longitudinal bore and an outlet of about 55 millimetres
clear diameter.
•
The bore contains a lead cone, about 12 centimetres long, through which passes only
steam. The elevator has also a suction hole of about 55 millimetres clear width into
which is fitted from outside a ribbed heating tube having about 20 centimetres length
and 40 millimetres internal diameter. To this tube is joined a suction pipe or hose of
about 40 millimetres inner diameter.
To the outlet on the wooden cone of the elevator is fitted a discharge-pipe or
hose of about 50 millimetres inner diameter, and to the lead cone the steam inlet pipe
or steam valve of about 26 millimetres clear width.
m
An apparatus having a steam valve of 26 / clear width is sufficient for all
ordinary purposes. The maximum efficiency (at least 2,000 litres of water per
minute) is reached at a steam pressure of about 4 atmospheres, but good results
are already obtained at one atmosphere.
The apparatus is placed outside the liquid, but the nearer the liquid to be sucked, the
higher is the efficiency of the apparatus.
The apparatus is connected with the steam conduit by means of a steam valve.
It may be set in action by gradually opening the valve, thereby allowing steam to
flow into the apparatus. Before opening the valve, the suction pipe must, of course,
be placed into the vessel from which the liquid is to be drawn, and the discharge
pipe at the place which is to receive the liquid.
Besides the applications already stated, the apparatus may be employed also
for drawing gases and dust from rooms and for producing a vacuum, for
instance for filtration in a closed vessel, the apparatus serving not only to produce
the vacuum, but also for directly drawing off the liquid and forcing it to its place
of destination.
The apparatus is suitable also for simultaneously supplying and heating water
for steam boilers, for bathing establishments, factories and other places. In com-
bination with a small boiler mounted on wheels it may be used as a portable pump
or fire engine.
As indicated above, the principal advantages of the apparatus are its utility for
raising hot or corrosive liquids, simplicity and cheapness of construction, facility of
maintenance, efficiency, and special utility in conjunction with filter presses. In the
latter caso the oil-cakes may be easily edulcorated with steam by lifting the suction
hose out of the liquid, while the steam valve is left open. Or the press cakes may be
rinsed. by dipping the suction hose into water.

page_text: Elevators made of porcelain have the drawback, that they cease to act, when they
nave become hot, and must therefore be cooled, besides their liability to crack. In
metallic pumps lined with lead, the lining frequently comes off after prolonged use.
Ordinary elevators of porcelain or metal, become easily clogged when they are used
for muddy liquids. In the new apparatus this drawback is prevented by the width
of the liquid passage, (at least 40 millimetres).
Dated this 28th day of January 1889.
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
433, Strand, London, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Raising or Forcing Liquids and Exhausting
Spaces, Chiefly Applicable for Raising Corrosive, Thick, or Hot
Liquids, and in Conjunction with Filter Presses.
We, LUDWIG KERN, and LEO KERN, Manufacturers, of Edenkoben, in the German
Empire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
:―
Our invention has for its object, to provide a simple, cheap, efficient and durable
appliance for raising hot, strongly acid or alkaline, or muddy liquids, and for forcing
them into filter presses.
Suction pumps made of porcelain have the drawback, that they cease to act, when
they have become hot, and must therefore be cooled ; besides their liability to crack.
In metallic pumps lined with lead, the lining frequently comes off, after prolonged
use, and ordinary pumps of porcelain or metal become easily clogged, when they are
used for thick or muddy liquids.
The improved apparatus is chiefly made of wood, and adapted to act on the
principle of an injector or ejector, as illustrated by the annexed drawings, of which
Fig. 1 is an axial section, and Fig. 2 an end view, of an injector embodying our
invention.
The dimensions, given in the following description, are those that have been found
most suitable in general practice, but they may of course, be modified to suit special
requirements.
The body A of the apparatus is an oblong block of wood, about 36 centimetres long
and 20 centimetres in diameter, and may be armed on the outside with iron, as shown.
This body has a longitudinal bore, a, of conoidal shape, and about 55 millimetres in
diameter at the outlet a². Into the inlet side of the body A, is fitted a steam
nozzle B, of lead or other suitable incorrodible material, about 12 centimetres long.
The apparatus has also a radial suction hole, into which is fitted a metallic tube Č.
To this tube a flexible suction pipe is joined in the usual manner.
The steam pipe D is provided with a regulating valve (not shown in the drawing)
of about 26 millimetres clear width, while the conical outlet of the wooden body leads
to a discharge pipe or hose E of about 50 millimetres inner diameter. The flanges d
and e of the pipes D and E are packed with india-rubber rings F, F, and pressed
against the ends of the block A by means of discs G and screw-bolts H. The tube C
is secured to the block A by a divided hoop J, as shown.
As far as we have been able to ascertain, the maximum efficiency of an apparatus
such as has been just described, (at least 2,000 litres of water per minute) is reached
at a steam pressure of about 4 atmospheres; but good results are already obtained
at one atmosphere. The apparatus is placed outside the liquid to be raised, and as
near to it as convenient, in order to obtain the maximum effect. Before opening
the steam valve, the suction pipe must, of course, be placed in the vessel from which
the liquid is to be drawn, and the discharge pipe must be led to the place that is
to receive the liquid.

page_text: Besides the applications already stated, the apparatus may be employed also for
drawing gases and dust from rooms, and for filtration in a closed vessel, in which
case it would serve not only for producing the vacuum, and drawing off the liquid,
but also for forcing it to its place of destination. The apparatus is suitable also
as an ordinary injector for supplying water to steam boilers, bathing establishments,
factories and other places. In combination with a small boiler mounted on wheels,
it may be used as a portable pump or fire engine.
The apparatus may be employed in conjunction with filter-presses, either for
edulcorating oil-cakes with steam, in which case the suction hose is lifted out of
the liquid, while the steam valve is left open; or for rinsing the press cases, in
which case the suction hose is dipped into water.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. An ejector or injector, chiefly consisting of a hollow block of wood, into which
is fitted a steam nozzle of lead or other suitable material, substantially as described and
for the purposes specified.
2. The combination of an injector body A, with steam nozzle B, suction pipe C,
steam pipe D, discharge pipe E, and means for securing the said pipes to the body A,
substantially as described.
3. The combination of a filter press with an injector, constructed and adapted to
operate substantially as described.
DL: 00 ... of Ontaha- 1900