Аррнацио Bottles.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 13th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 27th Sept., 1887.
RESERVE
Аррнацио
Bottles.
5536
0134
I, SERAPHICUS FRANCIS PICHLER, of 162 Great Portland Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is to effect improvements in stoppering bottles by
means of metallic caps or capsules: also in the means and appliances for manufacturing
such capsules: also in attaching the same to bottles, and in effecting the opening of
such stoppered bottles.
My invention supersedes the use of the ordinary corks, and wire or string for
securing the same; the capsule itself being made of sufficient strength to sustain the
full pressure of the internal fluid, whether gaseous or otherwise.
The capsules are formed of any suitable metal or combination of metals, and
are manufactured by spinning, casting, pressing or otherwise; but preferably as
herein after described.
When the bottle is ready to receive the stopper or capsule, it is placed in a
bottling press, consisting of a suitable frame, with a lever, screw, or equivalent device
for pressing the capsule "home" previously to its cylindrical portion being shrunk on
to the neck of the bottle. A small pad of cork, rubber, or other suitable material, is
placed inside the capsule, next to the crown. I prefer to use a disc of cork for this
purpose, and to have the cork well steamed, soaked in hot or cold water, or wine, or
otherwise rendered soft and pliable. When the capsule has been placed in position,
with the pad or packing, it is pressed down upon the mouth of the bottle with
sufficient force to render it air and water-tight; the sides of the capsule then surround
the neck of the bottle.
The bottling apparatus is also fitted with a pair of bevel wheels geared together.
One bevel wheel has a handle for turning the same, and the other is fitted with
(preferably three) tools which are pivotted to the wheel, in combination with cams or
eccentrics, in such a manner that, when the wheel is driven in one direction, the
lower ends of the tools are pressed inwards, and vice versa.

page_text: When the capsule has been pressed down, the bevel gear is rotated by hand, and
the tools then spin or press inwards the lower edge of the capsule under the enlarged
portion of the neck. This effectually seals the contents of the bottle, which is then
ready for removal, packing or transport.
Although the capsules may be formed in any convenient manner, I find it advan-
tageous to use the following process. I take a quantity of molten metal, and dip a
small ladle thereinto, the shape of which ladle corresponds with the form of the
capsule, and has also a moveable core reaching nearly to the bottom of the ladle. By
these means the capsule is withdrawn in a molten state from the mass: it is then
allowed to solidify: the core is lifted out, and the capsule is removed ready
for use.
I make use of various mixtures of metals, in forming the capsules, the melting
points of which may vary from 200 degrees Fahr. upwards.
The operation of opening the bottles is effected by cutting away the upper portion
a short distance below the level of the mouth. The apparatus or tool consists of a
handle and fork or cylinder, having (preferably three) cutting tools which are pivotted
to the same, the tool being so formed with cams or eccentrics, that, on turning the
handle in one direction, the upper ends of the tools are forced outwards, and the
cutting edges inwards against the metal; a portion of a revolution will then cut
the metal through and release the upper portion of the capsule, which may be
carried away with the tool; upon reversing the motion of the handle the capsule
is free.
No leakage can arise from the foregoing method of stoppering, and bottles so fitted
may be kept for any length of time without any danger of the contents being
spoiled.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoppering Bottles
Appliances for Effecting the same
Bottles.
and in the Means and
and for Opening such
I, SERAPHICUS FRANCIS PICHLER, of 162 Great Portland Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to effect improvements in stoppering bottles by means
of metallic caps or capsules: also in the means and appliances for manufacturing such
capsules: also in attaching the same to bottles, and in effecting the opening of such
stoppered bottles.
My invention supersedes the use of the ordinary corks, and wire or string for
securing the same, the capsule itself being made of sufficient strength to sustain the
full pressure of the internal fluid, whether gaseous or otherwise.
The capsules are formed of any suitable metal or combination of metals, and are
manufactured by spinning, casting, pressing or otherwise; but preferably as herein-
after described.
When the bottle is ready to receive the stopper or capsule, it is placed in a bottling
press, consisting of a suitable frame, with a lever, screw, or equivalent device for
pressing the capsule "home" previously to its cylindrical portion being shrunk on to
the neck of the bottle. A small pad of cork, rubber, or other suitable material, is
placed inside the capsule, next to the crown, I prefer to use a disc of cork for this
purpose, and to have the cork well steamed soaked in hot or cold water, or wine, or
otherwise rendered soft and pliable. When the capsule has been placed in position,
with the pad or packing, it is pressed down upon the mouth of the bottle with
sufficient force to render it air and water tight; the sides of the capsule then surrounds
the neck of the bottle.
The bottling apparatus is also fitted with a pair of bevel wheels geared together.
One bevel wheel has a handle for turning the same, and the other is fitted with
(preferable three) tools which are pivotted to the wheel, in combination with the cams
or eccentrics in such a manner that, when the wheel is driven in one direction, the
lower ends of the tools are pressed inwards and vice versa.
When the capsule has been pressed down, the bevel gear is rotated by hand, and
the tools then spin or press inwards the lower edge of the capsule under the enlarged
portion of the neck. This effectually seals the contents of the bottle, which is then
ready for removal, packing or transport.
3
Although the capsules may be formed in any convenient manner, I find it advan-
tageous to use the following process. I take a quantity of molten metal, and dip
small ladle thereinto, the shape of which ladle corresponds with the form of the
capsule, and has also a movable core reaching nearly to the bottom of the ladle. By

page_text: these means the capsule is withdrawn in a molten state from the mass, it is then
allowed to solidify: the core is lifted out, and the capsule is removed ready for use.
I make use of various mixtures of metals in forming the capsules, the melting
points of which may vary from 200 degrees Fahr. upwards.
No leakage can arise from the foregoing method of stoppering, and bottles so
fitted may be kept for any length of time without any danger of the contents being
spilled.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascertained,
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts; and which drawings are merely intended to
illustrate one method of carrying out the invention and not to limit the same to the
particular apparatus therein shewn.
Fig. 1 is a front view, Fig. 2 is a side view (the wheel c¹ being removed), and
Fig. 3 is a separate view of those parts directly engaged in securing the capsule on
the neck of the bottle.
The apparatus consists of the following parts viz. :-
First. Those parts employed in fixing the bottle in position: pressing the capsule
with the disc of cork or other material inside, and stamping its upper surface.
These parts consist of the round vertical shaft a, fixed in the frame b, in the bottom
of which shaft a is secured the die c, for stamping the top of the capsule.
The movable stand d receives the lower end of the bottle, and is capable of being
raised or lowered vertically in the guide e. The adjustment of the stand d, and the
necessary upward pressure, is effected by the eccentric f, which may be actuated by
a handle on the outer extremity 9, of the shaft h, which is made square for that
purpose.
Secondly. Those parts employed in compressing or spinning, and smoothing down
the capsule round the neck of the bottle, and underneath any suitable ring or shoulder,
formed on and surrounding the same.
These parts consist of the rollers i i, revolving on the studs kk, the studs being
fast on the spindles 11. These spindles are fitted to turn freely in bearings projecting
from the sides of the cylinder o. This cylinder o is free to slide up and down on the
shaft a.
Two pairs of levers p and q are fitted to the outer extremities of the spindles ll,
one pair being inside the other pair. These levers carry at their outer extremities,
cross frames in the centres of which the rollers ss are mounted. These rollers
run freely on the ring t, which is supported and made free to turn on the studs u u,
projecting from the interior of the arms of the double ended lever v, mounted in
bearings w. This lever is fitted with a balance weight a, which has a tendency to
raise the ring t. The sliding cylinder o, is hollowed out below to enable it to pass
freely over the capsule.
Teeth y y are also formed thereon, so that it forms a toothed pinion into which the
wheel or pinion z gears. The pinion z is fast on the lower end of the vertical shaft a¹
revolving in the tubular bearing b¹ projecting from the side of the frame b. The
upper end of the shaft a' is fitted with the bevel wheel c¹ which is driven by the bevel
wheel d¹ carried by the shaft e', free to turn in the bearings f¹ and g¹. The shaft e¹
is fitted with a handle h¹, by which the sliding frame o, and parts connected therewith
are caused to rotate on the shaft a. A spiral spring is fitted, as shewn, and above
this is the flanged cylinder k, capable of sliding upon the shaft a. This cylinder is
fitted with rollers 1, carried on studs m m. The studs m m project inwards from the
arms of the double ended lever n; the handle o' being placed between the outer ends
of the arms n, while the other end of the lever passes through the frame band is
furnished with the balance weight p².
The operation of stoppering is as follows:-The capsule, with the disc of cork
or other elastic material therein, having been fitted over the mouth of the bottle, the
latter is placed on the stand d, and the eccentric f¹ being turned, the hottle is raised
so as to press the top of the capsule against the die c and stamp the same; this also
forces the disc upon the mouth of the bottle, as shewn in Fig. 1. The handle of the

page_text: lever n is now depressed, which causes the flanged cylinder k¹ to press down the
spring the spring in turn presses on the cylinder o, the descent of which is resisted
by the ring t, on which the rollers ss bear. To overcome the resistance caused by
the balance weight x, the spring is compressed until the outer extremities of the
levers
q rise; this causes the studs kk to move inwards and press the rollers į į
forcibly against the sides of the capsule.
p and
On applying one hand to the lever n, and the other to the handle h', in order to
cause the cylinder o to rotate, together with the rollers ii and 8 s, the rollers ii
revolve round the capsule, and at the same time press forcibly upon it; and, as they
are caused to move down at the same time, the rollers compress and smooth the
surface of the capsule, and press it against and underneath a shoulder g', formed on
the neck of the bottle, and thus cause the capsule to firmly adhere thereto; and, with
the aid of the disc r, to secure the contents of the bottle against leakage.
The instrument for opening or unstoppering the bottle consists of three or more
cutting tools mounted in a cylinder, as shewn in Figs. 4 and 5; Fig. 4 being a
sectional elevation, and Fig. 5 a plan. 2222 are four knives, having sharp edges at
their inner ends; the knives being firmly attached to a ring or collar 3 and cylinder 4,
the cylinder acting as a guide to the ring and cutters.
The cylinder is pressed down over the capsule, until the knives enter the capsule
and disc; the cylinder is then turned partially round, by hand, and a circular
piece of the capsule and disc is thus cut away, which may at once be removed with
the cutter.
Various modifications of the above described cutting apparatus are used, to suit the
forms of the necks of different kinds of bottles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :—
1. The improved method of stoppering bottles by means of discs and capsules, or
capsules only, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated on the drawings.
2. The improved method of forming capsules by casting and coring the same,
substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. The general combination of discs and capsules or capsules only as applied to
bottles, thereby rendering the same independent of ordinary corks substantially as
hereinbefore described.
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicant.