Improvements in or relating to Steam Boilers...
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Steam Boilers...
*
514
L 71 5.
I, WILLIAM WAGSTAFF, of 16, Witta Terrace, Witta, Road, Manor,Park,..in
the County of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
:
il
My invention relates to an improved construction of steam boilers especially
adapted to compound marine boilers.
The proper admixture of air with the heated gases from the combustion of the
fuel in the furnaces of these boilers is a matter of primary importance in order
to attain complete combustion of the fuel, and the proper utilization of the
heat generated.
By my invention I produce a boiler which possesses the following special
advantages:
1. Economy of fuel.
2. Complete combustion of the gases generated.
3. Improved circulation of the water in the boiler.
4. Absence of the usual tube boxes and air casings, and
Finally, in consequence of the special construction a cooler temperature in
the stoke hole.
In order to clearly set forth my invention I will describe it in one modification
as applied to a compound marine boiler of ordinary dimensions having two
furnaces.
.
The furnaces are placed sufficiently far apart to admit of the construction
between them of a central combustion chamber for the heated gases. The pro-
ducts of the combustion of the fuel in the furnaces pass sideways through a series
of short wide tubes into this central chamber. The tubes connecting the one
furnace to the said central chamber are to a certain extent directly opposite
the corresponding tubes connecting the other furnace to the same chamber, and
the gases passing rapidly into the said central chamber under the action of the
draft (induced or otherwise) more or less oppose and check one another thus, in-
creasing the mixing of the various gases in the chamber..
A third current is introduced into the said chamber by means of a perforated
tube, preferably bent at a right angle, and formed of cast iron or other suitable
material. This I may describe as the aeration tube, and through it a current of
air passes into the said central chamber. This air may be obtained from any
outside source, and is suitably drawn from above the boiler, or other position
from which air heated to a certain temperature is obtainable.
Means may be provided for forcing the said air into the tube, and it is
obviously necessary to have a damper, valve, or the like for regulating the
quantity of air passing into the chamber. The heated gases passing through the
short wide tubes connecting the chamber to the furnaces are not refrigerated,
and consequently vigorous combustion ensues in the central chamber on the
admission of the warmed air through the aeration tube. There is thus produced
1. D

page_text: a body of flame in the centre of the boiler of intense calorific effect. The burning
gases then pass downwards and travel to the up-take, past several Galloway tubes
or the like, which somewhat check their velocity, and add to the heating sur-
face of the boiler, and further, cause a better circulation of the water from the
coolest to the hotter parts of the boiler.
Means are provided for ready and convenient access to the parts of the boiler
subject to wear, and so that the renewal of any portions of the apparatus can
be easily and quickly effected.
Owing to the absence in my boiler of long narrow tubes or other complications,
the work of repair and cleaning is greatly facilitated. The short wide tubes
which I use offer very little resistance to the passage of the gases, and do not
extinguish the flame by unduly cooling the combustion gases. Consequently
there is very little deposit in them, and they are easily kept clean and efficient.
The gases arrive in the middle of the boiler in the most suitable state for
efficiently heating the same, and the regulated air supply causes intense com-
bustion at the point where it will most effectively heat the water in the boiler
The heat of the escaping gases is efficiently utilized, and the waste of fuel in-
dicated by the production of quantities of smoke is obviated.
It will be obvious from the foregoing that my improved apparatus is capable
of considerable modification to adapt it to the various requirements of marine
and many patterns of land boilers, and in the foregoing description I have set
forth by way of example one constructional modification without limiting the
scope of my invention thereto.
My invention may moreover be combined with other devices having the
object of economy of fuel, preliminary heating of the water, or other purposes
in view.
I, WILLIAM WAGSTAFF, of 16, Witta Terrace, Witta Road, Manor Park, in
the County of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to an improved construction of steam boilers especially
adapted to marine boilers.
By my invention the admixture of air with the heated gases resulting from the
combustion of the fuel in the furnaces of these boilers is effected in such a manner
as to obtain complete combustion of the fuel, and the proper utilization of the
heat generated.
In order to clearly set forth my invention I will describe it with reference to
the accompanying drawings, which show one modification as applied to a marine
boiler of ordinary dimensions having four furnaces..
Figure 1. is a front end view of my compound marine boiler.
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation on the line 22 of Figure 3.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation on the line 3 3 of Figure 2.
A Figure 1 is the front plate of the boiler and B B are the front ends of the
four furnace flues, arranged two on each side of the front plate. On each side..

page_text: the two flues run towards the back of the boiler and open into a chamber C. where
the gases of the two flues intermix to a certain extent before passing through
the wide flues or passages D D leading from the two side chambers C C to the
central combustion chamber E. The one set of passages D D are conveniently
arranged to enter the sides of the central chamber opposite the other set, so that
the gases passing rapidly into the said central chamber under the action of the
draft (induced or otherwise) more or less oppose and check one another, thus
increasing the intermingling of the various gases in the chamber.
I introduce into the central chamber a current of air, which may be drawn
from any convenient source and is suitably drawn from above the boiler, or
other position from which air heated to a certain temperature can be obtained.
As shewn in Figure 2, the pipe F provided with the damper G leads the hot air to
the central chamber E, the air entering said chamber through the perforated
aeration tubes H H leading from the pipe F, said aeration tubes being made of
cast iron or other suitable material.
Means may be provided for forcing the air into the tubes, and it is obviously
necessary to have a damper valve or the like for regulating the quantity of air
passing into the chamber. The heated gases passing through the short wide
flues D connecting the chamber to the side flues are not refrigerated, and con-
sequently vigorous combustion ensues in the central chamber on the admission
of the warmed air through the aeration tubes. There is thus produced a body
of flame in the centre of the boiler of intense calorific effect. The burning gases
then pass downwards, see Figure 2, and then travel forwards to the up-take K,
past several Galloway tubes I I, or the like, which somewhat check their
velocity, and add to the heating surface of the boiler, and further, cause a better
circulation of the water from the cooler to the hotter parts of the boiler.
Owing to the absence in my boiler of long narrow tubes or other complications,
the work of repair and cleaning is greatly facilitated. The short wide flues which
I use offer very little resistance to the passage of the gases, and do not extinguish
the flame by unduly cooling the combustion gases. Consequently there is very
little deposit in them, and they are easily kept clean and efficient.
The gases arrive in the middle of the boiler in the most suitable state for
efficiently heating the same, and the regulated air supply causes intense com-
bustion at the point where it will most effectively heat the water in the boiler.
The heat of the escaping gases is efficiently utilized, and the waste of fuel
indicated by the production of quantities of smoke is obviated.
It will be obvious from the foregoing that my improved apparatus is capable
of considerable modification to adapt it to the various requirements of marine.
and many patterns of land boilers, and in the foregoing description I have set
forth by way of example one constructional modification without limiting the
Scope of my invention thereto.
My invention may morcover be combined with other devices having the object
of economy of fuel, preliminary heating of the water, or other purposes in view.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In combination in a steam boiler one or more collecting chambers for the
partially burned furnace gases, an internal combustion chamber, flues conveying
the partially burned gases from the collecting chambers to said combustion
chamber, and tubes conveying a fresh supply of heated or unheated air into said
combustion chamber substantially as described.
2. In an internally fired boiler the internal combustion chamber E, flues D D
leading thereto from the chambers CC the heated gases resulting from the com-
bustion of the fuel in the flues B B and tubes H H supplying to said chamber
air heated or otherwise, substantially as described.
3. In an internally fired boiler, the arrangement of the furnaces, the collecting

page_text: chambers; the passages leading therefrom to the central chamber, and the
aeration tubes supplying air to said chamber, substantially as described and -illus-
trated in the accompanying drawings.
.1.
Dated the 19th day of January 1900.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of London, Liverpool, Manchester, and Birmingham.