AN IMPROVED MEASURE FOR LIQUIDS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Watson Gilkerson, of Diss, in the County of
66
Norfolk, Chemist, for the Invention of AN IMPROVED MEASURE FOR
LIQUIDS."
Sealed the 16th August 1872, and dated the 19th February 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Watson Gilkerson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th February 1872.
I, the said WATSON GILKERSON, of Diss, in the County of Norfolk,
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MEASURE FOR LIQUIDS," to be as follows :—
I place one cylinder within another, the internal cylinder being the
measure according to the standard measure of liquid to be measured
out. The outer cylinder is of a larger diameter and of greater height
than the inner cylinder or standard measure. The two cylinders are
connected together in any convenient manner at the top. In such
connection between the two cylinders there is at the top of the inner
cylinder an opening so as to admit of the liquid under measurement

page_text: when the measure is full running over into the space between the two
cylinders, which space acts as a receptacle to receive the surplus or
overflow of the measured quantity or measure, and thus prevent waste of
the liquid.
The contents of the receptacle may be returned from time to time to
the liquid or to the store from which it was drawn, or otherwise disposed
of as may be convenient.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Watson Gilkerson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 16th August 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WATSON
GILKERSON, of Diss, in the County of Norfolk, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in
the thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Watson Gilkerson, Her
special licence that I, the said Watson Gilkerson, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Watson
Gilkerson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVED MEASURE FOR LIQUIDS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Watson Gilkerson, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Watson Gilkerson, do hereby declare
.. T

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to an improved vessel for facilitating the
measuring of the required quantity and no more of any liquid from a
cask, tap, reservoir, or other reserve in which liquids are kept, and from
which they are withdrawn for sale or otherwise. I take, say, a measure
capable of holding only the standard quantity, and I fix or fit it into
another vessel of larger diameter and of greater height with an internal
flange in which one or more openings or apertures are made, and
through which the overplus liquid if any will run into the space
between the two vessels, thereby preventing more than the standard
quantity being served out to the purchaser or poured into the receiving
vessel. The apertures are preferably in the flange c at the side of the
outer vessel opposite to that from which the liquid is poured from the
inner vessel so that the overplus is retained in the space.
The Invention will be well understood by reference to the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings, in which Figures 1 and 2 are sectional eleva-
tion and plan views respectively of a measuring vessel with an external
casing as I have before described, a being the internal vessel or measure
proper, whose standard or capacity is represented by the line b, b, where
it is attached to a connection or inclined flange c, in which an opening
or aperture d is made, and through which all overplus liquid drawn into
the vessel a above the line b, b, is free to run. The connection is in
these Figures in a piece with the outer vessel e, a spout being arranged
to the two vessels to permit of the measured quantity of liquid being
poured out, there being a handle g to facilitate that operation; his
another aperture in the connection c, through which the contents of the
space between the two vessels can be poured when the measure is
reversed, as will be well understood.
Figure 3 is a modification, the only difference being that the
connection c is attached to a ring flange i, made to fit the top flange or
edge of the outer vessel e in a temporary manner, so that one vessel
can be removed from the other to enable the space k between them to
be cleaned. By this means the measure can be used for more than
one class of liquid, and can also be thoroughly cleansed as often as
necessary.

page_text: Figures 4 and 5 represent, say, a pewter pot or measure such as is used
by publicans. The inner vessel is as shown capable of holding one
standard pint up to the line b, b; any quantity over and above the pint
would run through the openings or apertures d, d, into the chamber
between the two vessels. I have shown these two vessels as separately
made and to screw one into the other. By this means by simply
unscrewing them they can be detached for cleansing purposes.
There is no special liquid to which such measures are applicable nor
to the shape, size, or holding capacity to which they can be made, nor of
the metal, as they can be of copper, brass, pewter, tin, as well as of
pottery or other body, the main feature in this my Invention which I
claim being, combining with a standard measure an additional vessel
of larger capacity, whereby a chamber is formed into which overplus
liquid can flow, as described and shown in the annexed Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Watson Gilkerson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this 14th day of August, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-two.