Improvements in Shut-off Valves.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 19th July, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 19th May, 1893-Accepted, 8th July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shut-off Valves.
1, WILLIAM ANTON GOTTLIEB SCHONHEYDER, of No. 4, Roseberry Road,
Clapham Park, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in shut-off valves whereby their wear is
diminished and a long continued fluid tight fit is insured. According to one
improvement for this purpose, I provide the valve with an enlargement on the
stem, or with a projection extending through the orifice of the valve seat which
projection is made of such a curved form that when the valve is nearly seated, the
projection practically closes the seat opening, while when the valve is being closed,
the projection gradually narrows the seat opening, so that as by this means the flow of
liquid through the seat opening becomes gradually more and more restricted and is
practically shut off before the valve closes on its seat, the body of liquid in motion
acting on the back of the valve will have been brought gradually to a state of rest
before the valve closes and thus all violent and consequently detrimental impact of
the valve upon its seat will be prevented.
This arrangement is applicable with all kinds of shut-off valves for liquids, and
it may advantageously be combined with the dash pot or cataract arrangement of
known construction wherein the valve is connected to a piston working in a cylinder
having a restricted passage for the entrance of the liquid when the piston is being
drawn outward on the closing of the valve, whereby the valve is made to close
slowly.
According to another improvement, I cause the valve to be moved with an
excentric motion upon its seat every time it is opened or closed, thus insuring
accurate fit of the meeting surfaces by a grinding action, and at the same time
preventing the grooving thereof which frequently occurs when the valve is merely
rotated with a concentric motion, as has been heretofore practised. For the above
purpose, according to one arrangement applicable to sinaller valves, the stem of the
valve is provided with an enlargement that fits the opening of the seat, which thus
forms a guide to the stem and beyond such enlargement it has an excentric pin
passing loose through the valve and having a screw nut beyond the latter so as to
hold it in position on such pin. The valve stem passes loose through a threaded.
sleeve screwing through a threaded hole in the casing, and the stem and sleeve have
each a projection or stud, so arranged that when the stem has been turned partly
round in one direction or the other its stud bears against that of the sleeve and in:
thus causing this to rotate with the stem, imparts longitudinal motion thereto for
opening or closing the valve. Thus, assuming the valve to be closed, then on.
turning the stem for the purpose of opening the valve, the consequent rotation of
the eccentric pin thereof will impart an eccentric rotation of the valve upon its.
seat, as before described, until the stud of the stem bears against that of the
screwed sleeve, whereupon the rotation of this will cause the stem and valve to be.
moved longitudinally so as to open the latter. If the bearing afforded by the
screwed sleeve is sufficiently long, the second bearing afforded the stem by the
culargement fitting the seat opening may be dispensed with.
The stem is arranged to open the valve against the pressure of the liquid, so
that this presses the valve against its seat when it receives its eccentric rotation.
According to another arrangement, suitable for larger valves, the valve stem is
formed with a screw thread on which is screwed a nut that is free to move
longitudinally to a slight extent between two stops on the casing, but which is
guided so as to be prevented from rotating. The stem has, beyond the eccentric

page_text: portion thereof that fits the valve, (which may be single or double) an extension
that takes a bearing in the end of the casing. According to another modification
of the above arrangement, the nut may be prevented from moving longitudinally
but be free to rotate to a certain extent, being provided with a lateral projection
that comes in contact with a stop on the casing when turned through a certain angle
in either direction by the spindle.
In either of the above arrangements, the stem turns the valve upon its seat or
seats with an excentric motion until the screw nut comes against its stop, whereupon
the stem, in screwing through the nut, forces open the valve.
It will be evident that other known devices may be employed for effecting a
certain amount of rotary motion of the valve stem, before the valve is moved
longitudinally thereby.
I
Dated this 19th day of July 1892.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
'
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shut-off Valves.
I
I, WILLIAM ANTON GOTTLIER SCHONHEYDER, of No. 4 Roseberry Road,
Clapham Park, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in shut-off valves whereby their wear is
diminished and a long continued fluid tight fit is insured. According to one
improvement for this purpose. I provide the valve with an enlargement on the stem,
or with a projection extending through the orifice of the valve seat which
projection is made of such a curved form that when the valve is nearly seated, the
projection practically closes the seat opening, while when the valve is being closed,
the projection gradually narrows the seat opening, so that as by this means the flow
of liquid through the seat opening becomes gradually more and more restricted and
is practically shut off before the valve closes on its seat, the body of liquid in
motion acting on the back of the valve will have been brought gradually to a state
of rest before the valve closes and thus all violent and consequently detrimental
impact of the valve upon its seat will be prevented.
This arrangement is applicable with all kinds of shut-off valves for liquids, and
it may advantageously be combined with the dash pot or cataract arrangement of
known construction wherein the valve is connected to a piston working in a
cylinder having a restricted passage for the entrance of the liquid when the pistou is
being drawn outward on the closing of the valve, whereby the valve is made to
close slowly.
According to another improvement, I cause the valve to be moved with an
excentric motion upon its scat every time it is opened or closed, thus insuring
accurate fit of the meeting surfaces by a grinding action, and at the same time
preventing the grooving thereof which frequently occurs when the valve is merely
rotated with a concentric motion, as has been heretofore practised. For the above
purpose, according to one arrangement applicable to smaller valves, the stem of
the valve is provided with an enlargement that. fits the opening of the seat, which
thus forms a guide to the stem and beyond such enlargement it has an excentric pin
passing loose through the valve and having a screw nut beyond the latter so as to
hold it in position on such pin. The valve stem passes loose through a threaded
sleeve screwing through a threaded hole in the casing, and the stem and sleeve
have each a projection or stud, so arranged that when the stem has been turned
partly round in one direction or the other its stud bears against that of the sleeve
and in thus causing this to rotate with the stem, imparts longitudinal motion
thereto for opening or closing the valve. Thus, assuming the valve to be closed,

page_text: then on turning the stem for the purpose of opening the valve, the consequent
rotation of the excentric pin thereof will impart an excentric rotation of the valve
upon its seat, as before described, until the stud of the stem bears against that of
the screwed sleeve, whereupon the rotation of this will cause the stem and valve to
be moved longitudinally so as to open the latter. If the bearing afforded by the
screwed sleeve is sufficiently long, the second bearing afforded the stem by the
enlargement fitting the seat opening may be dispensed with.
The stem is arranged to open the valve against the pressure of the liquid, so
that this presses the valve against its seat when it receives its excentric rotation.
According to another arrangement, suitable for larger valves, the valve stem is
formed with a screw thread on which is screwed a nut that is free to move
longitudinally to a slight extent between two stops on the casing, but which is
guided so as to be prevented from rotating. The stem has, beyond the eccentric
portion thereof that fits the valve, (which may be single or double) an extension
that takes a bearing in the end of the casing. According to another modification
of the above arrangement, the nut may be prevented from moving longitudinally
but be free to rotate to a certain extent, being provided with a lateral projection
that comes in contact with a stop on the casing when turned through a certain
angle in either direction by the spindle.
In either of the above arrangements, the stem turns the valve upon its seat or
seats with an excentric motion until the screw nut comes against its stop, where-
upon the stem, in screwing through the nut forces open the valve.
It will be evident that other known devices may be employed for effecting a
certain amount of rotary motion of the valve stein, before the valve is moved
longitudinally thereby.
The accompanying drawings shew by way of example various forms of shut off
valves constructed according to my invention.
Fig. 1 shews a longitudinal section of a shut off valve having the first above
described improvement applied thereto. The stem a of the valve b has a dome
shaped enlargement a¹ which when the valve is closed upon its seat c more or less
completely fills out the opening of the latter, so that assuming the valve to have
been pushed open by the button d against the pressure of the liquid, passing in the
direction of the arrows, then on releasing the button the opening of the valve seat
will be gradually closed by the forward motion of the enlargement a' consequent
on the valve being pushed forward by the liquid pressure so that as the flow of the
liquid through the valve seat will be gradually diminished and more or less com-
pletely stopped before the valve actually closes, the body of liquid behind the
valve will have been brought gradually to a state of rest, and consequently the
In order still further to
valve will close without violent concussion upon its seat.
render the closing gradual the valve is formed as a piston fitting a cylindrical
chamber e having one or more small orifices, through which the liquid in the
chamber is forced out when the valve is opened, and through which it re-enters
slowly on the closing of the valve. Or the liquid can leak past the piston for this
purpose. In the modification shewn at Fig. 2 the valve bis formed separate from
the piston and fits with a stem through a central hole thereof, the nut being
formed as a valve seating against the inner face of the piston, thus when the
valve is pushed inwards away from its seat, the valve b is also pushed away from
its seat, so that on the further backward motion of the valve pushing the piston f
inwards in the cylinder, the liquid can escape freely from the latter past the
valve and through the grooves formed round the valve stem, thus allowing
the valve to be opened quickly. On releasing the valve b on the other hand, the
valve will close against its seat so as to prevent the entrance of liquid into
the cylinder, so that the outward movement of the piston is retarded by the
restricted entrance of liquid through a small hole in the cylinder.
Fig. 3 shews a vertical section and Fig. 4 cross section on line X X of a shut
off valve having the second above described improvement applied thereto.
In this construction the valve stem g has an enlargement y fitting the hole in

page_text: the valve seath and serving as a guide and beyond this enlargement it has
an excentric pin g' fitting loose through the valve i, which is held on the pin
by a Dut
which
The spindle g passes loose through a sleeve which screws with a thread in a
female thread on the valve casing . The spindle y has a projecting lug
on the partial rotation of the spindle butts against a lug 2 on the sleeve j.
Thus assuming the parts to be in the position shewn, the valve i being closed,
then on turning the spindle g for opening the valve, the former will first turn freely
in the sleeve, and will thereby cause the pin g² to impart to the valve i an excentric
sliding motion on its scat until the lug comes in contact with the lug 2, where-
upon the sleevej will be rotated and will consequently force the spindle and with
it the valve i downwards so as to open the latter for the passage of liquid in the
direction of the arrows. On turning the valve spindle in the contrary direction, it
will again first turn loose in the sleeve j until the lugs g³ and j come in contact,
whereupon the sleeve will be screwed upward so as to close the valve.
In the modification of this arrangement shewn respectively in vertical section and
in cross section at Y Y at Figs. 5 and 6, the valve is fixed to the spindle g and
this is formed with a screw thread screwing through the sleeve j, which is confined
in a chamber in the casing so that it cannot shift longitudinally, being however
free to revolve partially therein, until the lug thereon comes in contact with the
lug on the side of the chamber, so that on first turning the spindle g for opening
the valve it will carry the sleevej partially round with it and will thus turn the
valve round upon its seat, until the rotation of the sleeve is stopped, whereupon
the spindle will screw downward through the sleeve so as to open the valve.
In the arrangement shewn in vertical section at Fig. 7 the valve spindle g is
again provided with an excentric stud engaging with a central recess in the
valve, the excentricity of the stud g being made such that on partially revolving
the spindle the valve will be slid with an excentric motion upon its seat h so as to
uncover the opening thereof to allow of the flow of the liquid.
The valve is kept up against its seat by a spring 1.
The
Fig. 8 shews a vertical section of an arrangement, suitable for larger valves in
which the valve spindle g is formed with a screw thread y outside the casing
screwing through a nut that is prevented from shifting longitudinally by being
confined between two plates m m secured to the valve casing by pillars n.
nut has a projecting lug, which, as it is carried round by the rotation of the
spindle g, comes in contact with a pin o, introduced into one or other of the holes m'
formed in the plates m, as shewn more clearly in the plan view of these plates at
Fig. 9. The spindle g has an excentric part g2 engaging with the valve i, so that
on rotating the spindle the valve is first slid round upon its seat until the stud j
of the nut comes in contact with the pin o, when the spindle in screwing through
the nut will lift the valve off' its seat. The upper concentric end g of the spindle
fits through a plate p that serves both as a guide in the valve casing and as a
supplemental valve serving to close or open a by-pass passage in the valve i for
equalizing the pressure on both sides of the main valve before this is opened. For
this
purpose the excentric part 2 of the valve spindle is made slightly longer than
the depth of the valve i, and is provided with a collar, so that when the spindle
is first raised by screwing through the nut it will not affect the raising of the
valve i, but will raise the supplemental valve and in uncovering the passage i
will cause the fluid pressure to be equalised on both sides of the valve i, before this
begins to be raised by the collar g of the spindle bearing against it. It will be
seen that by shifting the pin o occasionally from one hole m to another one, the
position in which the valve i will come to rest-relatively to the seat 4,-after it is
closed, will be correspondingly varied, and thus the wearing of the seat at any
particular position of the valve will be avoided.
Fig. 10 shews the same construction with a valve without by-pass, the upper
guide for the valve spindle being dispensed with and a guide sleeve being formed
in one with the valve seat.

page_text: Fig. 11 shews a valve of the same general construction as at Fig. 8 but with a
double beat valve i instead of a single one, both valve faces being turned
excentrically upon their seats by the excentric part g² of the spindle the
upper end g of which is guided in the cover of the casing.
gr
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a shut off valve, the combination of a dome shaped or tapering enlargement
on the valve stem projecting through the valve seat with a piston working in a
cylinder with cataract action, substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1
and 2 of the drawings.
2. A shut off valve wherein the valve is so connected to its spindle that on
rotating the latter the valve is first turned with an excentric movement upon its
seat before it is made to uncover the opening, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
3. In a shut off valve operating as set forth in the preceding claim constructing
the valve spindle with an excentric part engaging with the valve, while the other
part of the valve spindle passes freely through a sleeve screwing through part of
the valve casing, such sleeve being carried round by the spindle after this has been
turned through a certain angle by means of a lug on the one part coming in
contact with a lug on the other part, whereby the sleeve is made to shift the
valve spindle longitudinally so as to open or close the valve, substantially as
described.
4. In a shut off valve operating as set forth in the second claim, constructing the
valve spindle with an excentric part engaging with the valve while the other part
of the spindle is provided with a screw thread screwing through a sleeve or nut
that is prevented from shifting longitudinally, but is free to turn through a certain
angle, so that on the rotation of the sleeve or nut being stopped, the further
rotation of the valve spindle will cause it to screw the same so as to open or close
the valve, substantially as described.
5. A shut off valve spindle adapted to perform a partial rotation before opening
the valve, by causing it to pass freely through a sleeve that screws through a
threaded part of the valve casing and is turned by a stud on the spindle after the
partial rotation of the latter, substantially as described.
6. A shut off valve spindle adapted to perform a partial rotation before opening
the valve by providing it with a screw thread screwing through a nut or sleeve
confined in the valve casing in such manner that it is prevented from shifting
longitudinally but is free to perform a partial rotation, after which it is arrested
by a stop on the casing, substantially as described.
ليمي
1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.