An Improved Steam Boiler.
Year: 1888

page_text: An Improved Steam Boiler.
I, JOSEPH ADDISON ENO, of 261 Broad Street, Newark, in the county of Essex,
and State of New Jersey United States of America, Mechanical Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to that class of vertical or locomotive boilers in which the
water chamber extends downward around the sides of the fire-box, forming a pocket
the bottom of which lies on or about a level with the grate c³, the downward extension
being technically termed the "water leg." The said water leg has no continuous
extension beneath the fire-box, such as would be formed where the fire-box consists of
a large flue extending through the water chamber, as in the Cornish type of boilers or
certain marine boilers. In this class of boilers to which my improvements relate the
sediment formed by the continued evaporation in generating the steam has heretofore
settled in the water-leg, the water in that part being comparatively quiet.
From the above it will be seen that the object of this invention is to more effectually
prevent the accumulation of sediment within the water-leg of a vertical or locomotive
boiler, so that the iron at the sides of the fire-box will be preserved and the lifetime
or term of service of the boiler extended; to secure economy in the consumption of
fuel; to gain a more lively circulation of water in the boiler; and more specifically to
prevent the iron sides of the fire-box from being raised to a very high temperature
and being burnt out because of the sediment on the opposite side of the said iron,
which sediment, settling in the contracted pocket, soon extends to the fire-line and
forms a non-conducting and impervious layer, which prevents access of water to the
said iron or the transmission of heat from said iron to the said water.

page_text: Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters of reference indicate
corresponding parts in each of the two sheets,
Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a central vertical section of a vertical boiler, showing my
improvements in operative relation thereto. Fig. 2. is a horizontal section through
the boiler, taken on line x. Fig. 3. Sheet 2, is a vertical section of a locomotive-
boiler; and Fig. 4, is a section thereof, taken on line 7.
In said drawings, a indicates a boiler having a water-leg b, formed between two
vertical sheets of iron around the fire-box c, and connected with the upper part, a¹, of
the boiler-chamber, having therein the heat flues a², leading from the fire-chamber.
The bottom of the water-leg, where the two said sheets of iron are joined together, lies
at about the level of the grate c³. The construction of the boiler thus described is old
and provides a convenient and low-priced device, efficient in securing steam at a low
initial cost. To prevent the sediment from settling in the said water-leg, when the
said boiler is in use, I connect a mud-drum g or receptacle to the same, as shown in
the drawings, so as to allow the sediment to gravitate from the bottom of said water-
leg to said drum and quietly settle in said drum. At the upper part of the fire box,
within the chamber formed above the bed of coals, is arranged a coil or collection of
pipes to present a considerable surface to the flame or heat from the coals, the said coil
being marked & in the drawings. The heat, coming in contact with the coil, raises the
same to a high temperature and turns the water lying therein partly into steam. This
causes the water to rise and pass through the pipe e with considerable force, the coil
being fed through the pipe f.
A circulation is thus instituted.
In connection with the pipe or section f is arranged the mud drum 9. This
is arranged on the outside of the boiler and furnace at the side thereof, as shown, to 2
keep the same cool, so that the sediment will not bake or harden, and to prevent the
mud-drum from taking up room in the fire box and interfering with the draft.
To secure a circulation at the bottom of the water leg and to cause the sediment to
pass from the said leg and be deposited in said drum, I arrange the mud-drum at the
side of the boiler below the bottom of the water-leg, and connect said mad-drum with 3
the before-mentioned coil within the fire-chamber, and with the said water-leg by
means of the pipes and f¹, the latter of said pipes connecting with the former at a
point just above the said mud-drum. The pipes f and e connecting the coil and
drum, pass through the upper part of the water leg, and to allow for expansion and
to prevent leakage at this point eyes or sleeves k, flanged at k¹³, connect the inner 3
and outer iron plates and provide an opening for the said pipes to pass from the
interior to the exterior sides of the leg.
The flanges are so united to the said plates of the water-leg as to make an impervious
joint therewith.
e to
By the devices thus described I secure the following circulation and deposit: The 4
water in the coil being heated, the water passes rapidly upward through the pipe
the upper part of the boiler, from whence it flows downward and enters the water-leg.
At the bottom of the water-leg it passes from the body of the boiler, carrying with it
such matter as has settled into the leg, and, as the settlings pass over the opening in
the part of the pipe f, they drop into the mud-drum g, the water continuing its
progress through the pipe f, until it reaches the heating-coil again. The sediment
being thus deposited in the mud-drum may be removed therefrom without disturbing
the operations of the boiler or disconnecting the parts thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I 5
claim is;
1. The improved steam generator herein described, combining therein a boiler
having the water-leg b, forming a pocket at the sides of the fire-box, a mud-drum
arranged at the side of said boiler, as shown, heating-pipes arranged within the said
fire-box, pipes connecting said drum with the water-leg and with the said heating- 5

page_text: pipes, and a pipe connecting said heating-pipes with the upper part of the boiler,
substantially as set forth.
2. In combination with a vertical boiler having a water-leg, a mud-drum arranged
on the outside thereof, a collection of heating or circulating pipes disposed within the
fire-box at the upper part thereof, and pipes leading from the heating pipes through
the water-leg to the outside of said boiler and connecting with the mud-drum and
pipes leading from the said heating pipes to the upper part of the boiler, substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 18th August 1888.
HORNE & SON,
Agents on behalf of Applicant.