IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MODE OF HANGING WINDOW
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard May Marygold, of Boston Place, Dorset
Square, in the County of Middlesex, Carpenter, and Samuel Fitzjohn, of
Lisson Grove, in the same County, Licensed Victualler, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MODE OF HANGING WINDOW
Sealed the 29th May 1866, and dated the 23rd December 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard May Marygold
and Samuel Fitzjohn at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 23rd December 1865.
We, RICHARD MAY MARYGOLD, of Boston Place, Dorset Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Carpenter, and SAMUEL FITZJOHN, of Lisson Grove,
in the same County, Licensed Victualler, do hereby declare the nature of.
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MODE OF
HANGING WINDOW SASHES," to be as follows :-
Our Invention of "Improvements in the Construction and Mode of Hanging
Window Sashes" has for its object, in the first place; to dispense with the use

page_text: of the cords, pullies, and weights usually employed in hanging or suspending
window sashes, and thereby saving a considerable amount of labour in the
preparation of the sashes and window frames; and, secondly, to obviate the
necessity of getting outside the window in order to clean the outside of the
glass or to glaze or paint the sashes.
In carrying out our Invention the sashes are secured by clamping screws
to vertical sliding pieces or slats, which fit in the grooves in the frame in
which the sashes are usually hung. These vertical sliding pieces or slats are
provided inside with toothed racks, which are firmly secured to them by
screws or otherwise. The sashes, slats, and racks are thus firmly bound
together, and are moved together except when the clamping screws are
loosened. About midway up the window frame on each side of the window
and mounted on fixed pins is a toothed pinion, which gears into the vertical
racks on the sliding pieces of the window sashes. The bottom part of the
rack of the upper sash takes into one side of the toothed pinions (on each
side of the window), and the top part of the rack of the lower sash takes into
the opposite side of the same pinions, so that the two sashes are suspended by
their racks on the same pinions, and therefore counterbalance each other.
When therefore the lower sash is pushed up, and the pinions are thus, caused
to rotate, the upper sash will by the same motion be pulled down, or vice
versa. If it be required to turn the sashes outside in so as to get at the
external part for cleaning the panes of glass or putting in new panes, it
will only be necessary to loosen the clamping screws on which the sashes
are hung as on centres, and then the sashes may be turned thereon, and.
access will be obtained to the outside without taking down any beads, or
otherwise removing any part of the sashes or frame; or if it be required
to take out the sashes for any purpose, it will only be necessary to remove the
clamping screws, and the sashes can then be taken out and replaced when
required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard May Marygold and Samuel Fitzjohn in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 23rd June 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, RICHARD

page_text: Carpenter, and SAMUEL FITZJOHN, of Lisson Grove, in the same County
Licensed Victualler, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Richard May Marygold and Samuel Fitzjohn, Her special licence
that we, the said Richard May Marygold and Samuel Fitzjohn, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Richard May
Marygold and Samuel Fitzjohn, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MODE OF HANGING WINDOW SASHES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Richard May Marygold
and Samuel Fitzjohn, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Richard May Marygold and Samuel
Fitzjohn, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say):
Our Invention of "Improvements in the Construction and Mode of
Hanging Window Sashes has for its object, in the first place, to dispense
with the use of the cords, pullies, and weights usually employed in hanging or
suspending window sashes, and thereby saving a considerable amount of
labor in the preparation of the sashes and window frames; and, secondly,
to obviate the necessity of getting outside the window in order to clean the
outside of the glass or to glaze or paint the sashes.
The mode of carrying out our Invention is shewn in the accompanying
Drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a front view of a window and frame constructed
according to our Invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same. The

page_text: sashes a, a, are secured by clamping screws b, b, to vertical sliding pieces or
slats c, c, which fit in the grooves d in the frame in which the sashes are
usually hung. These vertical sliding pieces or slats are shewn detached at
Fig. 8, which represents the inner side of the slats. It will be seen that they
are provided inside with toothed racks e, e, which are firmly secured to them
by screws or otherwise. The sashes a, slats c, and racks e are firmly bound
together by means of the clamping screws b, b, and are moved together except
when the clamping screws are loosened in order to allow the sashes to revolve
on their centre of motion, as is the case with the upper sash in Fig. 2. About
midway up the window frame on each side of the window and mounted on
fixed pins is a toothed pinion f, Fig. 8, which gears into the vertical racks 6, 6,
on the sliding pieces c of the window sashes. The bottom part of the rack e
of the upper sash takes into one side of the toothed pinions f (on each side of
the window), and the top part of the rack e of the lower sash takes into the
opposite side of the same pinions, so that the two sashes a, a, are suspended
by their racks on the same pinions, but on opposite sides thereof, and they
therefore counterbalance each other. It will now be understood that when
the lower sash is pushed up, and the pinions fare thus caused to rotate, the
upper sash will by the same motion be pulled down, or vice versa. If it be
required to turn the sashes outside in so as to get at the external part for cleaning
the panes of glass or putting in new panes, it will only be necessary to loosen.
the clamping screws b, b, on which the sashes are hung as on centres, and
then the sashes may be turned thereon as shewn in the Drawing, and access
will be obtained to the outside without taking down any beads or otherwise
removing any part of the sashes or frame; or if it be required to take out
the sashes for any purpose, it will only be necessary to remove the clamping
screws b, and the sashes can then be taken out and replaced when required.
If desired the sashes may be secured in a perfectly vertical position, and pre-
vented from turning accidentally on their centres by means of small flush
bolts let into each side of the sash, and made to project into the vertical
sliding slips c, c; or the same effect may be produced by the use of tight-
"ening screws similar to the clamping screws b, which will be screwed through
the sash at any convenient part into the vertical sliding slips.
Having now described our Invention of "Improvements in the Con-
struction and Mode of Hanging Window Sashes, and having explained the
manner of carrying the same into effect, we claim as the Invention secured to
us by Letters Patent as aforesaid, constructing window sashes with vertical
sliding slips, to which they are secured by clamping or centre screws, on which

page_text: they may be turned as on centres when required, and combining therewith
side racks, whereby the sashes may be hung on pinions fixed in the side
frames as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said Richard May Marygold and Samuel
Fitzjohn, have hereunto set our hands and seals, the Twenty-third day
of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-six.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
RICHARD MAY MARYGOLD. (LS.)
SAMUEL FITZJOHN.
(L.S.)
66, Chancery Lane..