IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR DRILLING THE STOCKS OR HANDLES OF BRUSHES OR BROOMS
Year: 1884

page_text: We FRANÇOIS ROQUET of Rouen (Seine Inférieure) and STANISLAS FELIX COHIN,
of Villaines-la-Gonais, (Sarthe) both in the republic of France, trading under the
style of Roquet and Cohin, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR DRILLING THE STOCKS OR HANDLES
OF BRUSHES OR BROOMS" to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improved machinery for drilling holes in the stocks or
handles of brooms or brushes, wherein the drills are fixed, a single drill being
provided for each stock to be drilled, these being successively raised and lowered,
so as to be brought under the action of the drills, and having at the same time the
necessary inclination given to them for causing the drills to produce holes in any
desired oblique position. The machine about to be described contains twelve drills,
corresponding to an equal number of wooden stocks, arranged in two groups of six,
one group being situated on each side of the machine; in the middle of each group
is arranged a metal pattern having holes corresponding in their position and
inclination to those required to be formed in the wood. These patterns have also
grooves and other devices necessary for guiding the mechanisms that determine
the inclination of the wood blanks to be acted upon during their ascent and
descent.
Each pattern is held and released at the required moment by means of a fixed
guide, which, after each perforation, is displaced by a flexible rod, so as to allow
the pattern to be shifted; also, on the completion of a row of holes, a bolt or catch
automatically arrests the vertical movement of the wood stocks, in order to allow
of their moving laterally. The stocks are automatically brought under the drills,
by an arrangement of articulated parallelograms, having the effect of inclining them
so that their holes may be pierced according to progressive inclinations directed
towards a common centre, which is of considerable radius for the hole situated in
the longitudinal axis of the stock, and towards another centre of a less radius for the
holes perforated in the transverse direction of the stock. The positions of these
centres, which vary according to the form of brush to be produced, can be regulated
at will, thereby permitting the inclination of the holes to be increased or decreased.
These parallellograms rest upon a moveable slide acted upon by a cam which lifts
the whole system to the required height for advancing the stocks against the drills
as the work proceeds.

page_text: .
The drills at the upper part of the machine receive continuous rotary motion from
driving gear also at the upper part of the machine, acting in combination with the
slide mechanism, so that the speed of the drills is always proportionate to that of
the said mechanism.
The whole of the moving parts of the machine are governed by the action of a
suspension device, consisting of an axis with flat surfaces round which is wound a
cord carrying a counterweight so that the latter acts on varying radii of the axis in
unwinding, thereby not only holding the system in equilibrio, but also regulating
the pull of the parallelograms and maintaining them in all the positions which the
wood stocks have to assume while being acted upon.
It will be seen that the machine consists of a series of fixed parts and a series of
moveable parts; the fixed parts are:-first; the entire framing with the drills, their
guides and driving pullies; second-the articulated regulators operating with the
drills and serving to determine the depth of the holes; third, the fixed and spring
guides operating in the patterns of the moveable part in combination with the
flexible rods that ensure the correct shifting and holding of the patterns at the
required. moment, either during the drilling, or for shifting all the wood stocks
simultaneously in a transverse direction at the end of every row, so as to bring
them into position for drilling the next row; fourth, the suspension device actuating
the parallelograms so as to ensure the continuous shifting of the wood stocks in a
longitudinal direction during the drilling; this device also effects the disengagement
at the required moment of the driving gear for the vertical to and fro motion of the
slide; fifth, the guides of the moveable slide and all the driving gear. The
moveable parts of the apparatus comprise: first, the moveable slide with its table
and the supports for the parallelograms; Second, the parallelograms with their
connecting rods and driving axes; third, the boxes or fraines that support the wood
stocks, and the patterns.with their frames or boxes.
The construction of the above described machine will be readily understood on
reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig 1 shews a side elevation of the
machine on the side where the driving gear is situated; fig. 2 is a front view shewing
the respective positions of the wood stocks to be drilled and the drills at the
commencement of the upward movement of the slide under the action of the cam;
fig. 3 is a transverse section through the vertical axis of the slide, shewing a section
of the pattern frame and an elevation of one of the frames supporting the wood
stocks to be drilled; fig 4 shews a longitudinal section of the slide and an elevation
of the cam and actuating levers; fig 5 shews a side elevation of the parallelograms
when arrived at the extreme point of their inclination, for presenting the end of
the stocks to the drills; fig. 6 is a front elevation of the same parts inclined in
the opposite direction for presenting to the drills the side edges of the stocks for
forming the first row of holes; fig. 7 is a horizontal section of the apparatus
through the vertical axis of the slide, shewing the actuating gear thereof; fig. 8
shews a front elevation of a frame carrying one of the wood stocks, fig. 9 is an end
view thereof; fig. 10 is a vertical longitudinal section of the frame, shewing the
arms with catches that hold the stocks; fig. 11 shews the postion of the guide and
flexible rod in the metal pattern during the drilling; fig 12 shews the position of
the same parts at the end of the drilling; fig. 13 shews the position of the fixed
guide and the the flexible rod after the drilling, at the moment when the pattern
is released by the fixed guide, and can be shifted; fig. 14 is a plan of part of the
metal pattern shewing the inclined grooves that connect two successive rows;
fig. 15 is a longitudinal section of the same part of the pattern, shewing the interior
of a groove and the inclines of the spaces between two successive holes; fig. 16 is a
plan of the entire pattern; fig. 17 is an end view of the frame carrying the
pattern; fig 18 shews one of the fixed guides; fig 19 shews an enlarged front
view of a drill; fig 20 is an elevation of a drill and its regulator and springs;
fig 21 shews the detail of the lower end of a perforator shewing an elevation of
the drill and the two stems that regulate the depth of the holes to be drilled;
fig. 22 is an elevation of the articulated spring claws, that serve to bring the upper

page_text: end of the flexible rod to its central position, fig 23 is a plan of the same; fig 24 is.
a vertical section of the flat axis of the suspension device; fig 25 is a front view of
the same.
The framing of the machine is shewn as constructed entirely of wood, with
uprights a and transverse bearers supporting the various mechanisms. At the
upper part of the framing are arranged intermediate bearers b carrying the bearings.
of the perforating mechanisms of which there are six on each side of the machine;
each perforator consists, as shewn in detail at figs 19, 20, and 21 of a drill c,
mounted in the socket of an axis d, carrying a pulley e; the axis has a collar, against
which bears a spring lever f which causes the upper end of the axis d to be kept
always in contact with the lower end of its regulator, consisting of the rod g,
situated in line with the axis of the perforator c, and of the lever h pivotted
thereto; the rod g determines the depth to which the holes are drilled, according as
its position is adjusted by means of the regulating nuts; it is provided with a
strong helical spring i, the pressure of which is, such as to resist the ordinary
pressure of the drill when drilling, but to yield slightly when the drill arrives at
the bottom of the hole, it being compressed by the regulator acted upon by by the
wood stocks when these are drilled to the required depth; the drill is then also
raised by the action of the spring lever f, while continuing its rotary motion,
without doing work. The spring i bears against the abutment j; the rod h, which
is pivotted to an adjustable screw-nut on the rod g, carries at its lower end two
small fingers (fig. 21) mounted on the articulated piece so as to bear upon the
wood stock on each side of the drill as shewn in plan at fig. 21; The rod his
articulated in order to give easy access to the drill when it requires to be removed.
The twelve perforating instruments (figs. 2 and 3) are driven by a single strap l,
driven by the pulley m, and passing round guide pulleys and a stretching pulley
suitably arranged; the six perforators on each side are divided into two groups of
three by means of the fixed guide shewn in detail at fig 18. This guide which
enters the holes of the pattern, as will be described hereafter,
formed of a rod n,
having an adjustable collar o, whereby the exact position of its lower end is regu- -
lated and upon which presses a spring i, causing it to bear against the beam b,
while it allows the rod n to yield slightly when necessary. The perforators are
situated in the upper part of the machine and are independent of each other, so as
to be capable of rising separately more or less, according to the thickness of the
wood stocks to be drilled; they are, otherwise, stationary, it being the wood blocks
that are raised and lowered by their slide, so as to be brought under their action.
The slide is for this purpose constructed of a strong axis o bolted at its upper end
to the central part of the interior bearer p, which is provided at each end with a
metal cap q, fig. 7, which slide in T-iron guides fixed on the inside of the uprights a;
the beam p carries arms r, connected together by end pieces 8 having plates 8³
which serve to facilitate the working or changing of the wood stocks. Each arm
carries two vertical metal supports t, provided with rows of holes in which are
fitted the appendices, also provided with holes for receiving the bolts v, which are
passed through one or other of these holes according to the dimensions of the wood
blocks to be acted upon, and in particular according to the inclination to be
imparted to the holes, as it will be readily understood that according to the
position of the articulated parts, the inclination of the holes is greater or less;
these articulations however only determine the inclination for the holes situated in
the longitudinal direction of the stocks.
Each appendice u (figs 5, 6 and 7) carries at top a frame x, the sides of which
have holes for receiving the pivot bolts o' that determine the inclination of the
wood stocks in the transverse direction (figs. 2 and 6); the frames of each group.
of six stocks corresponding with the stocks situated on one and the same side of
the machine, are united by links, and carry an upper frame z and two lower bars y
to which are hinge-jointed the ends of the metal limbs w of the frames that carry
the stocks. As shewn at figs 5 and 6, this arrangement of articulated frame forms
'

page_text: a sort of parallelogram connected to the two frames of the opposite group by
articulated cross bars a¹, so that the two parallelograms always act together, that
is to say, they are always inclined in the same direction; their to and fro motion
in the transverse direction of the apparatus, corresponding with the longitudinal
direction of the stocks, is imparted to them by the rods b, hinge-jointed at one end
to the crossbars a¹, and at the other end to the arms c¹ mounted on the horizontal
axis d, which, in its turn, receives its motion from a windlass to be presently
described, to which it is connected by the rod'e' figs. 1, 2 and 7. Each frame f1,
figs, 2, 3, 8, 9 and 10, has two limbs w only two of which in each group of three
frames are pierced with holes for the reception of the pivot bolt v¹, fig. 10, but all
the limbs have at their upper and lower ends a hole for enabling them to be pivotted
to the upper frames z and lower bars y..
Each stock frame has two arms h¹, pivotted at 2, serving to hold the stocks g¹,
and enabling these to be rapidly placed in position and removed; one of these arms
has its position regulated by a screw j¹, according to the length of the stock, while
the other is free to move on its pivot, but is kept against the other end of the
stock g by a helical spring k¹; at their upper ends the arms are provided with
hinged catches, by pressing on the tails of which the stock is at once liberated.
The catches, also serve to retain the stock against any upward pull that may
be exerted by the drills in rising.
Lastly, each stock frame is provided with four stops m¹, that determine the
lateral position of the stocks gl; às before stated, there are twelve similar frames,
six on each side, separated into groups of three by the frame n³, figs. 2, 3, and 17,
that carry the metal patterns o'; this frame has at each end limbs w, like the
other frames, for connecting it to the parallelogram of its group. There are two
of these frames in the machine, carrying the two patterns o¹, each of which, as
shewn at fig. 14, 15 and 16, consists of a metal plate provided with parallel grooves
arranged according to the holes to be drilled in the wood; the grooves have holes
passing right through the plate, with an inclination corresponding to that which
the holes in the wood require to have. Above each hole is formed a projection
with inclined plane p³, fig. 15, lying in the direction in which the pattern moves,
in order to ensure the regular action of the fixed guide, to be presently described.
The holes in the pattern determine the formation of the holes in the wood stocks.
The level of the pattern is raised considerably higher than that of the wood stocks,
the object being that as it is thus situated at a greater radius from its centre of
motion, the distance between the holes and the grooves, fig. 16, can be increased;
this arrangement is, however, not of any particular importance. It will be seen
from the foregoing description that the entire system of frame x, parallelogram,
and stock frame f1 can oscillate on the pivots and that the lateral move-
ment of the patterns and consequently the shifting of the stocks as the holes
are drilled therein is effected by the action of the inclined ends of the grooves of
the former, figs 14, 15 and 16, while the forward or backward motion of the
patterns is effected by the above mentioned rod e¹ actuated by the windlass.
The longitudinal to and fro motion is not continuous, being subject to the action
of the windlass which maintains the entire system in equlibrio, while the fixed
guides n, when engaged in their patterns, hold the system stationary during the
perforation. Helical springs q' fixed at one end to each parallelogram and at the
other end to the uprights a of the apparatus assist the windlass in keeping the
system in equilibrio. Lastly, the parallelograms are placed in position by hand at
the commencement of the drilling operation by means of a lever v3, actuating the
arm in contact with the upper frames z.
. The fixed guides n, fig 18, of which, as before stated, there is one to each pattern,
are held between the cross bars b of the upper part of the apparatus, that support
the perforators; during the working, and when the slide is raised by the cam, they
are always engaged in the grooves or the holes of the pattern, and are only dis-
engaged therefrom at each descent of the system, during the shifting of the pattern,

page_text: for enabling the guide to pass from one hole to another. During the shifting of
the pattern, the two guides n are sufficiently raised, as at fig. 13, by means of a
flexible rod for freeing the pattern therefrom..
The flexible rod 1, which is shewn in detail at figs. 2, 3, 11, 12 and 13, is
independent of the moveable system; the exact position of its upper end is
regulated by screws and a strong spring s¹, fig 2, keeps it always in the raised
position by means of the lever ; these parts are mounted in the lower uprights
and cross bars u¹; a rigid rod a formed in one with the slide, serves to neutralize
the action of the flexible rod when the wood stocks are being changed. The
flexible rod is held in a stronger rod guided by supports which direct it always
vertically in the axis of the guide of the pattern; this guide is caused to enter the
consecutive holes of the pattern by the shifting of the latter, which can however
only be effected when the fixed guide n does not enter one of the holes; for this
purpose, the flexible rod r¹, the axis of which is situated in line with the fixed
guide, enters one of the holes of the model during the descent of the system, and
keeps the guide n in the raised position shewn at fig. 13, the spring o of the guide
being weaker than the spring s¹ of the flexible rod: On the shifting of the pattern,
the flexible rod ¹ remains in the hole froni which it raised the guide n, and con-
sequently it is bent out of the straight line by the motion of the pattern, and in
moving from under the guide n, it allows this to be forced down by its spring
into the next hole of the pattern presented to it for holding the pattern during
the next drilling operation, as shewn at fig. 11. When the pattern is raised to its
highest position, the flexible rod r (which does not rise) passes out of its hole,
and it is then brought in line with the guide n again as at fig. 12, by the action
of the spring claws ql, figs. 22 and 23, so that on the next descent of the pattern,
the rod again thrusts the guide n out of its hole, and so on.
During the shifting from one row of holes of the pattern to the next, the guide
is situated in the sloping end of one of the grooves, fig. 14 and 15, and the flexible
rod remains in the last hole of the just completed row, being curved in the direction
of the motion.
The windlass shewn at figs. 24 and 25 to a certain extent regulates the movement
of the entire system of parallelograms; it consists of a horizontal flat axis A on
which is wound a cord B from which a weight C fig 2 is suspended. At one end
of the axis is fixed a bar D one end of which has a slot E in which is situated the
end of the rod e¹ above mentioned which effects the transverse to and fro motion
of the parallelogram; at each end of the bar are fixed pins F that effect the
disengaging of the driving gear at each change of row of holes, by means of the
tappet G pivotted at H and connected by a rod I to a bell crank lever J, which
effects the throwing forward of a bolt K towards the spur wheel L, whereby this is
disengaged from the catch M and thereby rendered loose on the driving shaft; on
the completion of a revolution, the wheel is again geared with its shaft, as an
inclined surface N thereon, during such rotation, pushes the bolt K back into its
original position, allowing the catch M to lock into the wheel again. 'The axis of
the windlass is flat on that part on which the cord B is wound, as shewn at figs 24
and 25. A complete revolution thereof corresponds to the formation of two-rows
of holes, during a forward and a backward motion of the wood stock, and it
produces as many pulsatious as there are holes; the cord in unwinding from the
Hat axis acts with a gradually increasing and gradually diminishing leverage
thereon, according to the position of the system of parallelograms, which is thus
held in equlibrio in all its positions. The cord is wound up on the axis A again by
means of the crank handle Q.
The up and down motion is imparted to the slide by the cam R fixed on the
intermediate shaft S, figs 4 and 7; this cam has a groove in which takes a roller T
fixed on the actuating gear of the slide. This gear consists of a combination of
levers U U and V, of which V is pivotted to U at X; the latter, which carries the
roller T, is moveable on a fixed axis Y carried by the uprights Z and serving also
as pivot for the upper lever U¹; this lever is connected at one end to two links W,

page_text: pivotted to the rod O of the slide, and at the other end to the regulating screw
bolt V¹, pivotted at X¹ to the lever V, which is provided with a handle at its free
end and has a pin W on to which takes a spring catch T¹ pivotted to the end of
the lever U, and whose motion is limited by a pin on U acting on a tail thereof.
This catch serves to connect the levers that act together, when they are dis-
connected, the cam does not act upon the slide. The throwing out of gear of the
catch is effected by the disengaging lever S¹ which has a projection that presses
upon the catch when the lever is moved downwards. The lever S is pivotted to a
similar lever R¹ which serves to bring the levers U and V together again, so as to
be connected by the catch.
The shaft S of the cam R has at its end the toothed wheel L above mentioned,
which is driven by the pinion R¹, fixed on the driving shaft Q¹ having at its other
end the driving pulley N¹.
Although the machine is shewn constructed partly of wood, yet it may be made
entirely of metal, and it may be arranged to operate simultaneously on a greater or
less number of wood stocks than that indicated.

page_text: We, FRANÇOIS ROQUET of Rouen (Seine Inférieure) and STANISLA FELIX COHIN
of Villaines-la-Gonais (Sarthe) both in the Republic of France trading under the
style of Roquet and Cobin, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR DRILLING THE STOCKS OR HANDLES
OF BRUSHES OR BROOMS " and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improved machinery for drilling holes in the stocks or
handles of Brooms or brushes, wherein the drills are fixed a single drill being
provided for each stock to be drilled, these being successively raised and lowered so
as to be brought under the action of the drills, and having at the same time the
necessary inclination given to them for causing the drills to produce holes in any
desired oblique position. The machine about to be described contains twelve drills,
corresponding to an equal number of wooden stocks arranged in two groups of six,
one group being situated on each side of the machine; in the middle of each group
is arranged a metal pattern having holes corresponding in their position and
inclination to those required to be formed in the wood.
·
These patterns have also grooves and other devices necessary for guiding the
mechanism that determine the inclination of the wood blanks to be acted upon.
during their ascent and descent.
Each pattern is held and released at the required moment by means of a fixed
guide, which, after each perforation, is displaced by a flexible rod, so as to allow the
pattern to be shifted; also, on the completion of a row of holes, a bolt or catch
automatically arrests the vertical movement of the wood stocks, in order to allow
of their moving laterally. The stocks are automatically brought under the drills
by an arrangement of articulated parallelograms, having the effect of inclining them
so that their holes may be pierced according to progressive inclinations directed on
towards a common centre, which is of considerable radius for the hole situated in
the 'longitudinal axis of the stock, and towards another centre of less radius for
the holes perforated in the transverse direction of the stock. The positions of
these centres which vary according to the form of brush to be produced, can be
regulated at will thereby permitting the inclination of the holes to be increased or
decreased.
These parallellograms rest upon a moveable slide acted upon by a cam which lifts
the whole systein to the required height for advancing the stocks against the drills
as the work proceeds.
The drills at the upper part of the machine receive continuous rotary motion from
driving gear also at the upper part of the machine, acting in combination with the
slide mechanism, so that the speed of the drills is always proportionate to that of
the said mechanism.
The whole of the moving parts of the machine are governed by the action of a
suspension device, consisting of an axis with flat surfaces round which is wound
a cord carrying a counterweight so that the latter acts on varying radii of the axis

page_text: in unwinding, thereby not only holding the system in equilibrio, but also regulating
the pull of the parallellograms, and maintaining them in all the positions which
the wood stocks have to assume while being acted upon.
I will be seen that the machine consists of a series of fixed parts and a series of
moveable parts; the fixed parts are,-first, the entire framing with the drills,
their guides and driving pulleys; second, the articulated regulators operating
with the drills and serving to determine the depth of the holes; third, tho
fixed and spring guides operating in the patterns of the moveable part in combina-
tion with the flexible rods that ensure the correct shifting and holding of the
patterns at the required moment, either during the drilling, or for shifting all the
wood stocks simultaneously in a transverse direction, at the end of every row so
as to bring them into position for drilling the next row; fourth, the suspension
device actuating the parallellograms so as to ensure the continuous shifting of the
wood stocks in a longitudinal direction during the drilling; this device also effects
the disengagement at the required moment of the driving gear for the vertical
to and fro' motion of the slide; fifth, the guides of the moveable slide and all the
_ driving gear. The moveable parts of the apparatus comprise-first, the move.
able slide with its table and the supports for. the parallellograms; second,-the
parallellograms with their connecting rods and driving axes; third,-the boxes
or frames that support the wood stocks, and the patterns with their frames
or boxes.
The construction of the above described machine will be readily understood on
reference to the accompanying drawings; Fig. 1 shews a side elevation of the
machine on the side where the driving gear is situated; fig. 2 is a front view.
shewing the respective positions of the wood stocks to be drilled and the drills at
the commencement of the upward movement of the slide under the action of the
cam; fig 3 is a transverse section through the vertical axis of the slide shewing
a section of the pattern frame and an elevation of one of the frames supporting
the wood stocks to be drilled; fig 4 shews a longitudinal section of the slide and
an elevation of the cam and actuating levers; fig 5 shews a side elevation of the
parallelograms when arrived at the extreme point of their inclination, by presenting
the end of the stocks to the drill; fig. 6 is a front elevation of the same parts
inclined in the opposite direction for presenting to the drills the side edges of the
stocks for forming the 'first row of holes; fig 7 is a horizontal section of the
apparatus through the vertical axis of the slide, shewing the actuating gear thereof;
fig S shews a front elevation of a frame carrying one of the wood stocks, fig 9 is
an end view thereof; fig 10 is a vertical longitudinal section of the frame, shewing
the arms with catches that hold the stocks; fig 11 shews the position of the
guide and flexible rod in the metal pattern during the drilling; fig 12 shews the
position of the same parts at the end of the drilling; fig 13 shews the position of
the fixed guide and the flexible rod after the drilling, at the moment when the
påttern is released by the fixed guide and can be shifted; fig 14 is a plan of part
of the metal pattern shewing the inclined grooves that connect two successive
rows; fig. 15 is a longitudinal section of the same part of the pattern, shewing
the interior of a groove and the inclines of the spaces between two successive holes;
fig. 16 is a plan of the entire pattern; fig 17 is an end view of the, frame carrying
the pattern; fig 18 shews one of the fixed guides; fig 19 shews an enlarged front
view of a drill; fig. 20 is an elevation of a drill, and its regulator and springs;
fig. 21 shews the detail of the lower end of a perforator shewing an elevation of
the drill and the two stems that regulate the depth of the holes to be drilled;
fig. 22 is an elevation of the articulated spring claws, that serve to bring the upper
end of the flexible rod to its central position, fig. 23 is a plan of the same; fig. 24
is a vertical section of the flat axis of the suspension device; fig 25 is a front view
of the same.
The framing of the machine is shewn as constructed entirely of wood, with
uprights a and transverse bearers supporting the various mechanisms. At the
upper part of the framing are arranged intermediate bearers 6 carrying the bearings

page_text: of the perforating mechanisms of which there are six on each side of the machine;
each perforator consists, as shewn, in detail at figs 19, 20 and 21 of a drill c,
mounted in the socket of an axis d carrying a pulley e; the axis has a collar,
against which bears a spring leverf which causes the upper end of the axis d to
be kept always in contact with the lower end of its regulator, consisting of the
rod 9, situated in line with the axis of the perforator c and of the lever h pivotted
thereto; the rod g determines the depth to which the holes are drilled according as
its position is adjusted by means of the regulating nuts; it is provided with a
strong helical spring i, the pressure of which is such as to resist the the ordinary
pressure of the drill when drilling, but to yield slightly when the drill arrives at
the bottom of the hole, it being compressed by the regulator acted upon by the
wood stocks when these are drilled to the required depth; the drill is then also
raised by the action of the spring leverf while continuing its rotary motion,
without doing work. The spring i bears against the abutment j; the rod h, which
is pivotted to an adjustable screw-nut on the rod g carries at its lower end two
snall fingers k (fig. 21) mounted on the articulated piece 7 so as to bear upon the.
wood stock on each side of the drill as shewn in plan at fig. 21.
The rod h is articulated in order to give easy access to the drill when it requires
to be removed.
The twelve perforating instruments (figs. 2 and 3) are driven by a single strap
driven by the pulley m and passing round guide pulleys and a stretching pulley
suitably arranged; the six perforators on each side are divided into two groups of
three by means of the fixed guide shewn in detail at fig 18. This guide which
enters the hole of the pattern, as will be described hereafter is formed of a rod n,
having an adjustable collar.o, whereby the exact position of its lower end is
regulated and upon which presses a spring i, causing it to bear against the beam b,
while it allows the rod n to yield slightly when necessary. The perforators are
situated in the upper part of the machine and are independent of each other, so as
to be capable of rising separately more or less, according to the thickness of the
wood stocks to be drilled, they are otherwise stationary, it being the wood blocks
that are raised and lowered by their slide, so as to be brought under their action.
The slide is for this purpose constructed of a strong axis o bolted at its upper end
to the central part of the interior bearer p, which is provided at each end with
a metal cap q, fig. 7, which slide in T-iron guides fixed on the inside of the
uprights a; the beam p carries arms connected together by end pieces 8 having
plates which serve to facilitate the working or changing of the wood stocks.
Each arm carries two vertical metal supports t provided with rows of holes in
which are fitted the appendices u, also provided with holes for receiving the bolts v,
which are passed through one or other of these holes according to the dimensions
of the wood blocks to be acted upon, and in particular according to the inclination
to be imparted to the holes, as it will be readily understood that according to the
position of the articulated parts, the inclination of the holes is greater or less; these
articulations however only determine the inclination for the holes situated in the
longitudinal direction of the stocks.
Each appendix u (figs 5, 6 and 7) carries at top a frame x, the sides of which
have holes for reciving the pivot bolts o' that determine the inclination of the wood
stocks in the transverse direction (figs. 2 and 6), the frames x of each group of six
stocks corresponding with the stocks situated on one and the same side of the
machine, are united by links, and carry an upper frame and two lower bars y, to
which are hinge-jointed the ends of the metal limbs w of the frames that carry the
stocks. As shewn at figs. 5 and 6, this arrangement of articulated frame forms
a sort of parallelogram connected to the two frames of the opposite group by
articulated cross-bars a¹, so that the two parallelograms always act together, that
is to say, they are always inclined in the same direction; their to and fro motion
in the transverse direction of the apparatus corresponding with the longitudinal
direction of the stocks, is imparted to them by the rods b', hinge-jointed at one end.
to the crossbars a¹ and at the other end to the arms cl mounted on the horizontal.

page_text: axis d, which in its turn, receives its motion from a windlass to be presently
described, to which it is connected by the rod e! figs 1, 2 and 7.
Each frame f¹ figs. 2, 3, 8, 9 and 10 has two limbs w only two of which in each
group of three frames are pierced with holes for the reception of the pivot bolt vt,
fig 10, but all the limbs have at their upper and lower ends a hole for enabling.
them to be pivotted to the upper frames z and lower bars y.
Each stock frame has two arms h¹ pivotted at i' serving to hold the stocks gland
enabling these to be rapidly placed in position and removed; one of these arms has
its position regulated by a screw j, according to the length of the stock, while the
other is free to move on its pivot, but is kept against the other end of the stock ġ¹
by a helical spring '; at their upper ends the arms are provided with hinged
catches by pressing on the tails of which the stock is at once liberated.
The catches also serve to retain the stock against any upward pull that may
be exerted by the drills in rising. Lastly, each stock frame is provided with four
stops m¹, that determine the lateral position of the stocks g; as before stated,
there are twelve similar frames, six on each side separated into groups of three by
the frame n¹ figs 2, 3 and 17, that carry the metal patterns o¹; this frame has at
each end limbs w, like the other frames for connecting it to the parallellogram of its
group. There are two of these frames in the machine carrying the two patterns o¹
each of which, as shewn at figs 14, 15 and 16, consists of a metal plate provided.
with parallel grooves arranged according to the holes to be drilled in the wood;"
the grooves have holes passing right through the plate, with an inclination corre-
sponding to that which the holes in the wood require to have. Above each hole is
formed a projection with inclined plane p' fig 15, lying in the direction in which
the pattern moves in order to ensure the regular action of the fixed guide to be
presently described.
The holes in the pattern determine the formation of the holes in the wood stocks.
The level of the pattern is raised considerably higher than that of the wood
stocks, the object being that as it is thus situated at a greater radius from its
centre of motion, the distance between the holes and the grooves fig. 16, can be
increased, this arrangement is however not of any particular importance.
It will be seen from the foregoing description that the entire system of frame x,
parallelogram, and stock frame f1 can oscillate on the pivots v v¹ and that the
lateral movement of the patterns and consequently the shifting of the stocks as the
holes are drilled 'therein is effected by the action of the inclined ends of the grooves
of the former. figs. 14, 15 and 16, while the forward or backward motion of the.
patterns is effected by the above mentioned rod el actuated by the windlass.
The longitudinal to and fro motion is not continuous, being subject to the action
of the windlass which maintains the entire system in equilibrio, while the fixed
guides n, when engaged in their patterns, hold the system stationary during the
perforation. Helical springs q', fixed at one end to each parallellogram and at the
other end to the uprights a of the apparatus assist the windlass in keeping the
system in equilibrio. Lastly, the parallelograms are placed in position by hand at
the commencement of the drilling operation by means of a lever v2 actuating the
arm ³ in contact with the upper frames z.
The fixed guides n, fig. 18 of which, as before stated, there is one to each pattern,
are held between the cross-bars b of the upper part of the apparatus that support
the perforators; during the working and when the slide is raised by the cam they
are always engaged in the grooves or the holes of the pattern, and are only
disengaged therefrom at each descent of the system, during the shifting of the
pattern, for enabling the guide to pass from one hole to another. During the
shifting of the pattern, the two guides n are sufficiently raised, as at fig. 13, by
means of a flexible.rod r for freeing the pattern therefrom.
The flexible rod 1, which is shewn in detail at figs. 2, 3, 11, 12 and 13, is
independent of the inoveable system; the exact position of its upper end is
regulated by screws, and a strong spring s¹ fig. 2, keeps it always in the raised
position by means of the lever t'; these parts are mounted in the lower uprights

page_text: and cross bars u¹; a rigid rod x¹, formed in one with the slide, serves to
neutralise the action of the flexible rod when the wood stocks are being changed.
The flexible rod is held in a stronger rod guided by supports which direct it always
vertically in the axis of the guide of the pattern; this guide is caused to enter the
consecutive holes of the pattern by the shifting of the latter, which can however
only be effected when the fixed guide n, does not enter one of the holes; for this
purpose, the flexible rod 1, the axis of which is situated in line with the fixed guide,
enters one of the holes of the model during the descent of the system and keeps.
the guide n in the raised position shewn at fig. 13 the spring o of the guide being
weaker than the spring 81 of the flexible rod. On the shifting of the pattern, the
flexible rod remains in the hole from which it raised the guide n, and conse-
quently it is bent out of the straight line by the motion of the pattern, and in
moving from under the guide n, it allows this to be forced down by its spring into
the next hole of the pattern presented to it for holding the pattern during the next
drilling operation, as shewn at fig. 11. When the pattern is raised to its highest
position, the flexible rod r¹ (which does not rise) passes out of its hole, and it is
then brought in line with the guide n again as at fig. 12, by the action of the
spring claws y, figs. 22 and 23, so that on the next. descent of the pattern the rod
again thrusts the guide n out of its hole and so on. During the shifting from one
row of holes of the pattern to the next, the guide is situated in the sloping ends
of one of the grooves, fig. 14 and 15, and the flexible rod remains in the last hole
of the just completed row, being curved in the direction of the motion.
The windlass shewn at figs 24 and 25 to a certain extent regulates the move-
ments of the entire system of parallellograms; it consists of a horizontal flat axis A
on which is wound a cord B, from which a weight C fig 2 is suspended. At one
end of the axis is fixed a bar D one end of which has a slot E in which is situated
the end of the rod e¹ above mentioned, which effects the transverse to and fro
motion of the parallellogram; at each end of the bar are fixed pins F that effect
the disengaging of the driving gear at each change of row of holes, by means of the
tappet G pivotted at H and connected by a rod I to a bell crank lever J, which
effects the throwing forward of a bolt K towards the spur wheel L whereby this
is disengaged from the catch M and thereby rendered loose on the driving
shaft; on the completion of a revolution, the wheel is again geared with its
shaft as an inclined surface N thereon during such rotation pushes the bolt K
back into its original position, allowing the catch M to lock into the wheel
again. The axis of the windlass is flat on that part on which the cord B is
wound, as shewn at figs. 24 and 25. A complete revolution thereof corresponds
to the formation of two rows of holes, during a forward and a backward motion of
the wood stock, and it produces as many pulsations as there are holes; the cord in
unwinding from the flat axis acts with a gradually increasing and gradually
diminishing leverage thereon, according to the position of the system of parallelo-
grams which is thus held in equilibrio in all its positions. The cord is wound up
on the axis A. by means of the crank handle Q.
The up and down motion is imparted to the slide by the cam R fixed on the
intermediate shaft S, figs. 4 and 7; this cam has a groove in which takes a roller T
fixed on the actuating gear of the slide. This gear consists of a combination of
levers U U and V of which V is pivotted to U at X; the latter which carries the
roller T, is moveable on a fixed axis Y carried by the uprights Z and serving also
as pivot for the upper lever U'; this lever is connected at one end to two links W,
pivotted to the rod O of the slide, and at the other end to the regulating screw
bolt V pivotted at X¹ to the lever V, which is provided with a handle at its free
end and has a pin W¹ on to which takes a spring catch T¹ pivotted to the end of
the lever U, and whose motion is limited by a pin on U acting on a tail thereof. This
catch serves to connect the levers that act together when they are disconnected the
cam does not act upon the slide. The throwing out of gear of the catch is effected.
by the disengaging lever S¹ which has a projection that presses upon the catch
when the lever is moved downwards. The lever S is pivotted to a similar lever R¹¹

page_text: which serves to bring the levers U and V together again so as to be connected by
the catch. The shaft S of the camn R has at its end the toothed wheel L above
mentioned which is driven by the pinion R¹ fixed on the driving shaft Q¹ having
at its other end the driving pulley N¹.
Although the machine is shewn constructed partly of wood, yet it may be made
entirely of metal, and it may be arranged to operate simultaneously on a greater or
less number of wood stocks than that indicated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention
and in what manner the same is to be perfornied, We declare that what we
claim is
1, The construction of machinery for drilling the stocks or handles of brushes or
brooms combined and operating substantially as herein described with reference to
the accompanying drawings.
2, The use of rotary perforators with moveable drill, having a driving pulley
and spring action arranged and operating substantially as herein described with
reference to fig. 19, 20 and 21 of the drawings.
3, The use in combination with the drills of regulators consisting of a rod
provided with a helical spring and regulating screw nuts and carrying a lever
having two articulated fingers pivotted thereto, whereby the depth of the holes
drilled is regulated, substantially as described with reference to figs 19, 20 and 21
of the drawings.
4, The use of stationary guides with spring action constructed substantially as
described with reference to fig 18 of the drawings.
5, The use, in machinery for drilling the stocks or handles of brushes or brooms
of metal patterns having the holes which require to be reproduced in the wood and
which have grooves permitting of their motion while remaining in contact with the
guides, substantially as herein described.
6, The arrangement of the oblique projections between the holes of the pattern
and of inclined planes at the ends of the grooves, whereby the guides may be made
to enter the grooves successively.
7, The use of the flexible rods with their springs, the tension of which neutralises
the effect of the springs of the guides, and with articulated claws which bring the
rod back to its central position, such flexible rods having for their object to
disengage the guides from the pattern after each perforation substantially as herein
described with reference to figs 22 and 23 of the drawings.
8, The combination of the metal patterns, the fixed guides and the flexible rods,
whereby the wood blanks are guided and maintained in their various positions,
substantially as described.
9, The construction of the supports for the wood blanks, having spring catches
for maintaining the blanks in the desired position for being presented to the
perforators, substantially as described with reference to figs 8, 9 and 10.
10, The construction of the parallellograms described with reference to figs. 5
and 6, and the node of connecting thereto, the patterns and the supports of the
wood blanks, whereby these are enabled to assume all the required inclined and
oblique positions for effecting the perforations at the requisite angle.
11, The mode of articulating the parallellograms, whereby the centres of oscilla-
tion can be. varied according to the nature of the blanks to be operated upon.
12, The mode of supporting the parallellograms by means of jointed connecting
rods so arranged as to leave them always free in order that they may be directed
in their to an fro movement solely by the guides.
13, The construction of mechanism herein described with reference to figs. 24
and 25 of the drawings wherein a weighted cord coiled round a flat bar serves to
maintain the systems of parallelograms in equilibrio.
14, The construction of moveable slide carrying the parallellograms and the
wood blanks, and serving to raise all the blanks simultaneously for presenting them
to. the drills.

page_text: 15, The combination of the three levers U U' V, fig. 6, actuating the slide
referred to in the preceding claim, and so arranged as to be disengaged from each
other automatically when required for allowing the lateral displacement of the
parallelograms.
16, The combination with the device referred to in claim 13 of locking
mechanism whereby. the motion of the slide is arrested on the completion of one
row of holes in the blanks, substantially as herein described.