IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY POINTS OR SWITCHES, AND IN MECHANISM FOR ACTUATING AND LOCKING THE SAME
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Kelly, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of." IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO
RAILWAY POINTS OR SWITCHES, AND IN MECHANISM FOR ACTUATING AND
LOCKING THE SAME."
Sealed the 10th March 1876, and dated the 22nd December 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said. James Kelly at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd December 1875.
I, JAMES KELLY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND'
APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY POINTS OR SWITCHES, AND IN MECHANISM FOR ACTUATING'
AND LOCKING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates,-
Firstly. To improvements in and applicable to actuating and locking)
railway points or switches, known as tongue rail points or tapered points,
the actuating being performed by a rod onerated by a lover from

page_text: pointsman's hut, or otherwise. The same mechanism that actuates the
points or moving rails also actuates a portion of the main rails in such
a manner as to lock the points or moving rails which, as facing points,
are firmly locked by the weight of the coming train, and as trailing
points or during shunting work, automatically.
Secondly. To a further locking of the points by the addition of a tail
piece or projection on the tongue rails."
Thirdly. To an arrangement. of switches known as square points in
combination with the main and stock rails, so that such switches or
moving rails come between the stock rails, shut up against, and are
lineable in their several positions with such stock rails; also to a novel
form and combination of parts, being a locking mechanism to be used
in connection with railway points or moving rails, and which mechanism
is particularly applicable to be used in combination with a certain
double slotted sliding plate, such as described in the Specification of
Letters Patent, No. 2421, granted to me on the 10th day of July 1874.
Fourthly. To a further novel construction and arrangement of parts
in connection with square points or moving rails, so that such points are
not only applicable as facing points, but also will act as shunting or
trailing points, without throwing the train off the line should such
points be set against the train.
'
In carrying out the first part of my Invention, and as a means for
actuating and locking tongue rails of railway points or switches, I use a
transverse bar connecting the tongue or moving rails. This transverse
bar is operated by a lever of the second.order. The end of this lever is
connected by a link to a transverse sliding bar operated by a rod leading
to the pointsman's hut, or otherwise. This transverse sliding bar during
its side travel has an upward and downward movement imparted to it
by its being attached to two rocking levers fixed on brackets between
the stock rails. The locking mechanism consists of a bridge rail on
cach side and in front of the points. Such bridge rails are placed over
the webs of the stock rails, the upper head or bulb of the stock rail
being cut away for the entire length of the bridge rails. The respective
bridge or locking rails are connected to the transverse sliding bar in
such a manner as to receive and have imparted to them the upward and
downward movement of the transverse sliding bar during its travel.
The effect of this is that when the transverse sliding bar has been moved

page_text: right over and the points or moving rails brought into position, the
coming train treading on the bridge or locking rails keeps the sliding
bar down, and thus effectually locks the points, so that it is impossible
for the same to move or be actuated until the train has all passed over.
The action of the locking mechanism is automatic when once the
rocking levers are over the centre, as the weight of the bridge rail
ensures the locking; as trailing points, or during, shunting, the train will
automatically throw over the tongue rails and take the main rails
without breaking any of the mechanism.
In carrying out the second part of my Invention I ensure a further
locking of the tongue or moving rails by forming on the extremity and
sides of such tongue rails a projection or lug, of form to come between
the bridge or locking rail and the stock rail, a portion of the locking
rail being cut away for this purpose. This projection must be formed
on the outside of the point of the tongue rail, and be of shape to
correspond with the upward and downward lift of the bridge or locking
rail and the side travel of the points or moving rails.
In carrying out the third part of my Invention the moving rails are
arranged inside the guage, and so as to shut up against the stock rails
respectively on either side; and as a means for actuating such moving
rails and locking same, when such moving rails are of form or description
known as square points, I use for actuating the moving rails and for
actuating the locking mechanism a sliding plate with double slots, such
as described in the Specification of Letters Patent, No. 2421, granted to
me on the 10th day of July 1874, namely, the first slot; or the locking
slot, is formed diagonal, longitudinal, and return diagonal; the second,
or point-actuating slot, is formed longitudinal, diagonal, and longi-
tudinal. The first, or locking slot of the sliding plate in this my present
Invention actuates a rod, which works a bell-crank lever operating the
herein-after described locking rail on one side, and connected with a
second lever operating the duplicate locking rail on the other side. The
levers have their fulcrums on brackets between the rails, and have
suspended from their ends, which are connected, a weight of sufficient
size to counterbalance the weight of the locking rails. The locking
rails consist of a bridge rail on either side, of span equal to cover the
webs of the point or moving rail and the stock rail. The upper head or
bulb of the stock rails are cut away the entire length of the bridge rails,
and the upper head or bulb of the point or moving rails are cut away

page_text: for that portion which it is required that the bridge rails should slip
over and lock. The bridge rails are also attached to inside or guard
rails, by preference flange rails, of height superior to the bridge rails by
the thickness of the head or bulb. The bridge rails are firmly attached
to the guard rails by suitable fastenings, and have an upward and down-
ward movement imparted to them by inverted saddle pieces or brackets;
which are provided with horizontal slots, into which take antifriction
rollers on the ends of links, which links connect the bridge rails, guard
rails, and saddle pieces to the actuating levers, before mentioned, as
being under the control of the locking slot in the sliding plate.
The operation is upon the first movement of the sliding plate. The
diagonal direction of the locking slot imparts motion to the actuating
levers, which raise the bridge rails and unlocks the moving rails or
points. The further movement of the sliding plate throws the moving
rails or points over by the diagonal direction of the point slot. By the
same action the bridge rails are also moved over, so that the further
stroke of the sliding plate relocks the moving rails or points by the
return diagonal direction of the locking slot, which causes, by moving
the actuating levers, the bridge rails to regain their position, spanning
the webs of the stock rails and point rails. The upper portion of the
web of the projecting or locking piece of the moving rails is cut away
to allow of the passage of the ends of such moving rails under the bridge
rail during the process of moving from one side to the other. It will be
seen that the bridge or locking rails, by moving over from side to side,
are lineable with and cover the moving rails. A further or additional
lock is secured by cutting away a portion of the flanges of the bridge
rails, and providing lugs or provisions on the carrying chairs that will
correspond with the left and side travel of the rail, so that such lug may
come between the stock rail and the web of the bridge rail and further
lock the moving rails, on whichever side they may be.
The fourth part of my Invention consists in the application of the
guard rails mentioned in the preceding paragraph for shunting purposes.
These guard rails are so placed that the tread or head comes above the
level of the tread or head of the main or stock rail and moving rail by
the thickness of such head. The ends of these guard rails. are turned
inwards, and made to project or lap over the moving rails, the web of
the guard rails being cut away for the entire length of such projection.
Upon a train being shunted, and the flange of the wheel coming into

page_text: contact with the raised head of the guard rail, such guard rail prevents
the train from leaving the rails by guiding it on to the main or stock
rails. The outside of the head of the moving rails is slightly cut away
and inclined, so as to leave a flange track, and allow the flange of the
wheel to mount the bridge rail on one side, and thus send the train on
to the line instead of off the line, as is the case with the present systems
of square points when such points are set against the train during
shunting.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Kelly in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 8th June 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
KELLY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five,
in the thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said James Kelly, Her special
licence that I, the said James Kelly, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Kelly, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY POINTS OR SWITCHES, AND IN MECHANISM FOR-
ACTUATING AND LOCKING THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst others).
that I, the said James Kelly, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said

page_text: Firstly. To improvements in and applicable to actuating and locking
that class of railway points or switches known as feather points, tongue
rail points, or tapered points, such points being actuated by a rod acting
in connection with a lever in the pointsman's hut or otherwise. In my
Invention the same mschanism that actuates the points or moving rails
also actuates a portion of the main or stock rails, and in such a manner
that as facing points the moving rails are firmly locked by the weight of
the coming train, and as trailing points or during shunting work
automatically.
Secondly. To a further locking of the tongue rail points by the
addition of a tail piece, or projection on the extremity and sides
thereof.
Thirdly. To an arrangement of switches or points known as square
points in such combination with the main and stock rails that the
moving rails lie between the stock rails shut up against and in their
several positions are lineable with such stock rails; also to a novel form
and combination of parts constituting a locking mechanism in con-
nection with railway points or moving rails, and which mechanism
is particularly applicable for use in combination with a certain double
slotted sliding plate, such as described in the Specification of Letters
Patent, No. 2421, granted to me on the 10th day of July 1874.
Fourthly. To a further novel construction and arrangement of parts
in connection with square points or moving rails, so that such points are
not only applicable as facing points, but will also act as shunting or
trailing points without throwing the train off the line should such points
be set against the train.
In carrying out the first part of my Invention and as a means to.

page_text: actuate and lock tongue rails of railway points or switches, I connect
the tongue or moving rails by a transverse bar which is operated by a
lever of the second order. The end of this lever I connect by a link
with a transverse sliding bar which is itself operated by a rod in con-
nection with a lever in the pointsman's hut or otherwise. This
transverse sliding bar has during its side traverse an upward and
downward movement imparted to it by two rocking levers attached to
it, and moving on brackets which lie between the stock rails. The
locking mechanism consists of two bridge rails one in front of each
point. Such bridge rails are placed over the webs of the stock rails,
the upper heads or
bulbs of the stock rails being cut away for the entire
length of such bridge rails. Both bridge or locking rails are connected
with the transverse sliding bar in such a manner as to receive and have
imparted to them its upward and downward movements during its
traverse, and the effect of this is that when the transverse sliding bar
has been moved to either limit of its traverse, and the points or moving
rails have been brought into position, the coming train treading on the
bridge or locking rails keeps the sliding bar down and locked, and thus
effectually locks the points, so making it impossible to move them until
all the train has passed the facing point. The action of the locking
mechanism is automatic when once the rocking levers have passed to
either side of their centres, as the weight of the bridge rail then
completes the locking. As trailing points or during shunting' the
tongue rails will be automatically thrown over by the train which
will so take the main rails without breaking any of the mechanism.
In carrying out the second part of my Invention I obtain a further
locking of the tongue rails by forming on the extremities and sides
thereof projections or lugs to lie between the bridge or locking rail
and the stock rail, a portion of the bridge or locking rail being cut
away for the reception of such, projections. These projections must be
formed on the outsides of the points of the tongue rails, and be of shape
to correspond with the lines described by the upward and downward
motion of the bridge or locking rail, and the horizontal motion or
traverse of the tongue rails.
In carrying out the third part of my Invention the moving rails are
so arranged inside the guage as to shut on either side against the stock
rails, and as a means to actuate such moving rails and to lock the same
when they are of the description known as square points, I use both to

page_text: actuate the moving rails, and also to actuate the locking mechanism a
sliding plate with double slots therein, such as is described in the
Specification of Letters Patent, No. 2421, granted to me on the 10th
day of July 1874, namely, the first slot or the locking slot is formed
diagonal, longitudinal, and return diagonal; the second or point
actuating slot is formed longitudinal, diagonal, and longitudinal. When
the sliding plate in this my present Invention is caused to slide, the
first or locking slot actuates a rod which works a bell-crank lever, which
lever operates the herein-after described locking rail on one side, and
because connected with a second lever operates the duplicate locking
rail on the other side. The fulcrum of both levers lie between the rails
and suspended from the connected ends of both levers is a weight which
counterbalances both locking rails. Each locking rail consists of a
bridge rail of span sufficient to cover the webs, both of the point or
moving rail and of the stock rail. The upper heads or bulbs of the
stock rails are cut away the entire length of both bridge rails, and the
upper heads or bulbs of the point or moving rails are cut away for that
portion which is required to lie within the span of the bridge or locking
rails. Each bridge rail is firmly attached to an inside or guard rail (by
preference a flange rail) of height superior to the bridge rails by the
thickness of the head or bulb of the guard rail, and both bridge and
guard rails have an upward and downward movement imparted to them
by inverted saddle pieces or brackets, provided with horizontal slots
into which slots take antifriction rollers on the ends of links, which
links connect the bridge rails, guard rails; and saddle pieces to the 1
levers before mentioned as under control of the locking slot in the
sliding plate.
The action is as follows:-Upon the first movement of the sliding
plate the diagonal direction of the locking slot imparts motion to the
actuating levers, which then raise the bridge rails, and unlock the a
moving rails or points. The second movement of the sliding plate
throws the moving rails or points over by the diagonal direction of the
point slot, the bridge rails being at the same time caused so to move
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page_text: and it will be seen that the bridge or locking rails by so moving from
side to side become lineable with and lock the moving rails. A further
or additional lock is obtained by cutting away a portion of the flanges
of the bridge rails, and providing lugs or projections on the carrying
chairs to correspond with the lift and side traverse of the bridge rails, so
that such lug may come between the stock rail and the web of the
bridge rail on whichever side they may be.
The fourth part of my Invention consists in the application of the
guard rails mentioned in the preceding paragraph for shunting purposes.
These guard rails are so placed that the tread or head comes above the
level of the tread or head of the main or stock rail and moving rail by
the thickness of the head of such guard rails. The ends of these guard
rails are turned inwards and made to project or lap over the moving
rails, the web of the guard rails being cut away for the entire length of
such projection. Upon a train being shunted and the flange of the
wheel coming into contact with the raised head of the guard rail, such
guard rail prevents the train from leaving the rails, and guides it on to
the main or stock rails. The outside of the head of the moving rails is
slightly cut away and inclined so as to leave a flange track, and allow
the flange of the wheel to mount the bridge rail on one side, and thus
send the train on to instead of off the line, as is the case with the present
systems of square points when such points are set against the train
during shunting.
My present Invention can be used in conjunction with the signalling
mechanism and interlocking mechanism described in the Specification
of Letters Patent granted to me, Numbered 2421, dated 10th July,
1874.
The foregoing being the nature, objects, and purposes of my Invention
I will now proceed to describe more in detail how the same may be
carried into practical effect, and for that purpose I have hereunto
attached two Sheets of Drawings marked with letters and figures of
reference corresponding with those in the following explanation, and
throughout the various views. Like letters and figures denote similar
parts.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a plan showing my Invention applied to railway
points or switches known as feather points, tongue rail points, or tapered
points. Scale, inch'= 1 foot.

page_text: "
Figure 10, Sheet 2, is a plan of arrangement of switches known as
square points. Scale, inch = 1 foot.
Figure 11, Sheet 2, is a section through E, F, Figure 10. Scale,
11" = 1 foot.
Figure 12, Sheet 2, is a section showing attachment of bridge rail to
guard rail.
Upon reference to Figures 1 and 2, Sheet 1, it will be seen that as a
means to actuate and lock the tongue rails a of railway points or
switches, I use a transverse bar a¹ connecting the tongue, or moving
rails; this transverse bar is operated by a lever of the second order 6
with an adjustable stroke, and having its fulcrum at 6'. The end of the
lever is connected by a link c to a transverse sliding bar d, which is
operated by a rod d³ connected with a lever in the pointsman's hut, or
otherwise. The sliding bar d has during its side traverse an upward
and downward movement imparted to it by two rocking levers e
attached to, and moving on brackets f, f¹. The locking mechanism
consists of two bridge rails h, h; the bridge rails h, h, are placed over
the webs of the stock rails k, the upper heads or bulbs of the stock
rails & being cut away for the entire length of the bridge rails h, h. Both
bridge or locking rails are connected with the transverse sliding bar d
in such a manner by the brackets i as to receive and have imparted to
them the upward and downward. movements during its traverse of the
bar d, and the effect of this is that when the transverse sliding bar d has.
been moved to either limit of its traverse, and the points a have been
brought into position, the coming train treading on the bridge or locking

page_text: rails h, h, keeps the bar d down and locked, and thus effectually locks
the points a, so making it impossible to move them until all the train
has passed the facing points. As trailing points or during back shunting
the tongue rails a will be automatically thrown over by the train,
which will so take the main rails without breaking any of the
mechanism.
A, Figure 1, is the signalling and interlocking apparatus described in
the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me, numbered 2421, dated
10th July 1874; B is the interlocking bȧr which is attached to and
worked by the end of the sliding bar d; C is the bar connecting the
points a with the quadrant ended levers, which connect the particular
signal for which the line is set with the wire which leads to the signal
box.
The manner in which I carry out the second part of my Invention
will be seen upon reference to Figure 3, Sheet 1. I obtain a further
locking of the tongue rails a by forming on the extremities and sides
thereof triangular projections or lugs as of such form as to lie between
the bridge or locking rail h (the end of which is formed to receive it
at a³,) and the stock rail k. These projections a² must be formed on the
outsides of the points of the tongue rails a, and be of shape to correspond
with the lines described by the upward and downward motion of the
bridge or locking rail h, and the horizontal motion or traverse of the
tongue rails a.
Upon reference to Figures 6 and 7, Sheet 1, it will be seen that the
method of fishing and jointing the bridge rail h to the stock rail / is
shown at E. The sliding bar d may be modified by substituting for the
rocking levers e slots m. These slots work on antifriction rollers held
by the brackets n. The resulting action is similar to that due to the
rocking levers e shown at Figure 2, as will be understood.
In Figure 8, Sheet 1, O is a chair to secure the stock rail k; these
chairs can be passed on to the rail over its end, and then brought into
required position, and may be there secured by metal run in to steady.
them, or may be otherwise secured as will be well understood.
Figure 9, Sheet 1, shows an arrangement to secure the stock rail k,
when such stock rail is of the flange form.
The manner in which I carry out the third part of my Invention will
The manner in which I carry out the third part of my Invention will

page_text: be seen upon reference to Figures 10 and 11, Sheet 2; this consists in
an arrangement of switches or points known as square points. In this
arrangement the moving rails a (corresponding with the tongue rail
points in Figure 1, Sheet 1) are so arranged inside the gauge and stock
rails kas to shut on either side against the stock rails k. As a means
to actuate the moving rails a and the locking mechanism I use a
sliding plate P with double slots R, S, similar to that described in the
Specification of Letters Patent, numbered 2421, granted to me on the
10th day of July 1874, namely, the locking slot S is formed diagonal,
longitudinal, and return diagonal; the point actuating slot R is formed
longitudinal, diagonal, and longitudinal. When the plate P is caused
to slide the slot S actuates the rod p which works the bell-crank lever 1,
and thereby operates the herein-after described locking rail h. The
bell-crank lever is connected with a second lever ¹ operating the
duplicate locking rail on the other side. Thé levers 7, 7, move on
their fulcrums on brackets 72, and have suspended from their ends a
balance weight t common to both. Each locking rail consists of a
bridge rail of span sufficient to cover the webs both of the point or
moving rail a, and of the stock rail k. The upper heads or bulbs of the
stock rails k are cut away the entire length of both bridge rails h and
the upper heads, or bulbs of the point, or moving rails a are cut away
for that portion which is required to lie within the span of the bridge or
locking rails k. Each bridge rail is firmly attached by suitable
fastenings, as shown at Figure 12, Sheet 2, to the inside, or guard rail u
(by preference a flange rail) of height superior to the bridge rails h by
the thickness of the head or bulb of the guard rail. Both bridge and
guard rails h and u have an upward and downward movement imparted
to them by the brackets v, which are provided with horizontal slots,
into which slots take antifriction rollers on the ends of the links W
which links connect the bridge rails h, the guard rails u, and brackets v,
to the actuating levers 7, 71, before mentioned as under the control of
the locking slot S in the sliding plate P. A side traverse is given to
the bridge rails h, and guard rails u by the lever y, which obtains its
motion from the movement of the point moving slot R. The bridge or
locking rails by moving over from side to side become lineable with
and lock the moving rails a. This side traverse also enables the bridge
rail to further lock itself by shipping over the bracket Z. The side
traverse of the locking rails h is always in a direction directly opposite
to the side traverse of the points a.
-

page_text: The upper portion of the web of the projecting or locking piece at
a of the moving rails a is cut away, so as to allow the passage of the
ends of such moving rails under the bridge rails during the movement,
or traverse from one side to the other.
The fourth part of my Invention consists in the application of the
guard rails u for back shunting purposes. These rails are so placed that
their tread comes above the level of the tread of the stock rails.k,
bridge rails h, and moving rails a, by the thickness of the head of such
guard rails. The ends of the guard rails u are turned inwards, as shown.
at Figure 10, and made to project or lap over the moving rails a, the
web of the guard rail u being cut away the entire length of the
overlap.
"
Upon a train shunting or backing out of the siding when the points
are set for the main line, as shown at Figure 10, Sheet 2, the train will
force the rail a over to the position indicated by dotted lines by
carrying away the pin or connexion of the rail as with the point moving
mechanism. This will be caused by the narrowing of the gauge.. The
outside of the head of the moving rails a is slightly cut away at a³,
and inclined so as to leave a flange track and allow the flanges of the
wheels of the backing train to mount the bridge rail h on one side, at
the same time the wheels of the train on the other side also come into
contact with the raised head of the guard rail u, and thus send the train
on to the line instead of off the line, as is the case with the present
systems of square points when such points are set against the train
during back shunting.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature, object, and
purposes of this my Invention for improvements in and applicable to
railway points or switches and in mechanism for actuating and locking
the same, and shown how the same may be carried out into practical
effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to
dimensions or to the precise arrangements and details shown in the
Drawings, as the same are capable of various modifications; but what
I claim as my Invention, and secured to me by Letters Patent as
aforesaid.is,
Firstly. The improved method of and mechanism for actuating and
locking tongue rail points, shown in Figures 1 and 2, Sheet 1, of the
accompanying Drawings, and herein-before described in connection

page_text: therewith, the same consisting of bridge or locking rails such as h
working over the webs of continuous stock rails, such as k, with the upper
bulbs or treads thereof cut away, such bridge or locking rails having
their upward and downward movement imparted to them by a transverse
bar, such as d, whether such bar be carried on rocking levers, such as e,
or on antifriction rolls and slots as shown at Figure 7, and such trans-
verse bar being connected with and working the points a by means of
a lever or levers attached thereto, the whole arranged and operating in
manner shown and set forth.
Secondly. The improved method of locking the tongue or moving 1
rails a by forming on the extremity and sides thereof a projection or
lug, such as a², Figure 3, so formed as to come between the bridge or
locking rail such as h and the stock rail such as k, such projection or
lug a being of shape to correspond with the line described by the
combined vertical motion of the bridge or locking rail h and the ]
horizontal motion or traverse of the tongue rails a, substantially as set
forth...
Thirdly. The improved method of and mechanism for actuating
square points, shown in Figures 10 and 11, consisting of bridge or
locking rails such as h working over continuous stock rails such as k, 2
with the upper bulb or tread thereof cut away, such bridge or locking
rails being worked and operated by levers such as ", r¹, which obtain
their motion from a sliding slotted plate such as P, which plate also
operates the points a and side traverse of the bridge or locking rails h,
the whole operating and arranged in relation part to part in manner a
herein-before set forth.
Fourthly. The improved method of arranging square points for
back shunting, consisting of flange grooves in the moving points a,
arranged in combination with guard rails such as u, and both in con-
nection with the bridge rails such as h, the whole operating and a
arranged in relation part to part in manner as herein-before shown and
set forth.
Fifthly. The use of all or any of the herein-before described improve-
ments in the construction and arrangement of railway points and
switches in connection with my Invention of improvements in and a
applicable to railway points and locking apparatus for same, also in the
means of actuating signals connected therewith, and interlocking same

page_text: with the points and compensating for contraction and expansion of rods
or wires working such siguals, as set forth in the Specification of the
Patent No. 2421, granted to me on the 10th day of July, 1874.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Kelly, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
JAMES (L.S.) KELLY.
Witness,
FREDERICK JOHN CHEESBROUGH,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
15, Water Street,
Liverpool.