CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA- RATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GAS FOR ILLUMINATION, AND IN THE MODE OR MEANS OF SUPPLYING GAS TO THE CONSUMER, AND ALSO IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF GAS BURNERS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1833

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, STEPHEN
IIUTCHISON, of 12, Pall Mall East, in the Parish of Saint Martin-in-the-
Fields, in the County of Middlesex, Gas Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twelfth day of October, in the fourth year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, my exors,
admors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, my exors, admors, and assigns, and every of us, by myself
and ourselves, or by my and our deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or
such others as I or we should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term of fourteen years, should and
lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to me or us, or any of us, should'
seem meet, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA-
RATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GAS FOR ILLUMINATION, AND IN THE MODE OR MEANS
OF SUPPLYING GAS TO THE CONSUMER, AND ALSO IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF GAS
BURNERS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER USEFUL
PURPOSES," and that I, my executors, adñiors, and assigns, should and might
have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, and advantage to accrue and arise
by reason of my said Invention during the said term; in which said Letters
Patent there is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said Stephen Hutchison,
by au instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe

page_text: and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, and to cause the same to be enrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said recited Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Stephen Hutchison, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be carried into effect, is described and
ascertained as follows, that is to say:-
First, an improvement in the internal arrangement of the furnace in the
setting of the retorts and arrangement of flues, of which one is a reverberating
flue. This improvement is, shewn by the annexed Diagram Number 1, in
which the letter A denotes the fireplace of the furnace, over which, in arches
of brickwork denoted by the letter B, are set the nine retorts, denoted by the
letters C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, under and above which pass the flues
denoted by the letter L, with arrows shewing the courses of the flame and
hot air through these flues. The flue denoted by the letters L, a, is a rever-
berating flue, which the flame enters at M, through a perpendicular flue,
denoted by the letters M, N, seated behind the pipe of the retort J, and
sweeping down flue L, a, right and left, enters at the bottom on both
sides of the flue ranging immediately over it, and escapes at O into the main
chimney; by this arrangement the smoke is consumed, a uniform burning
heat is preserved, and the retorts are kept free from any influence of the cold
air. The Diagram No. 1 a denotes the ground plan of the furnace, the blue
squares denoting the masses of brickwork, and the intervening spaces the flues.
Secondly, an improvement in the condenser by introducing into the water
tank, instead of the pipes now generally used, an inner cistern for the passage
of the gas, peculiarly constructed. This cistern, which constitutes my Inven-
tion, and its position in the water tank, is explained by the annexed Diagrams,
Numbered 2 and 3. Number 2 exhibits a platform of the internal structure
of such cistern, in which the letter A denotes the main by which the gas
enters it, and the letter F the main by which the gas quits it; the letters B
denote iron plates perforated with holes denoted by small circles, these plates
laid horizontally in the partitions denoted by the letters C and D, and by the
letters E are shewn the spaces through which the gas passes into the collateral
chambers. No. 3 exhibits a longitudinal section of this cistern and its several
chambers, of which there are three collateral sets. The dotted line in this
Diagram denotes the level to which the deposit of tar is allowed to sustain
itself; the letter A denotes the entrance main, and the letter G denotes the
exit main; the letters B denote the iron perforated plates lying horizontally

page_text: the letters C denotes the partitions rising from the level of these plates to the
roof of the cistern; the letters D and E denote other upright partitions so
placed that by dipping about 4 inches below the surface of the tar, and
leaving a vent between their upper edges (F) and the roof of the cistern, the
gas is compelled to rise and take its course above the partition into the
adjoining chamber; the letter H denotes an hydraulic pipe. By these means.
the volume of gas entering the cistern by the main A expands over the first
chamber, and descends through the first perforated plate into the chamber
below, whence, freeing itself from a portion of the heavier matter, is forced to
ascend through the second plate, and proceed through the several collateral,
ranges of chambers, alternately ascending and descending, and divided in
passing through the holes of each plate, and again immediately expanding.
itself until it enters the exit pipe G. The hyrdraulic pipe H is applied to this
cistern to afford vent for the superabundant tar and other matter, and 'an
escape for the gas in the event of extraordinary pressure from stoppaage or
other accident. This cistern is either to be sunk to or to be supported near
the bottom of the condenser, according to the quantity of water which may be
required; the interval filled with water is denoted by the letters I.
Thirdly, by an improvement in the internal structure of the purifyer by
dividing it into compartments, with perforated plates for the purpose of
dividing the volume of gas; this alteration is explained by the annexed
Diagram No. 4, in which the letter A denotes the main pipe, which forms
the volume of gas into the first chamber of the purifyer, and H denotes the
main pipe by which it is carried off. The dotted line denotes the level of
the waters; the letters B, C, and D, denote perforated iron plates under.
water, through which the gas descends; the letters E, F, G, denote similar
plates above the water, through which the gas ascends. The latter are
covered with lime laid on dry, a substance commonly used in the purification
of gas. This is supplied through an aperture in each of such chambers,
which is kept closed by a cap (such as denoted by the letter L) firmly
screwed on. By this arrangement the gas entering the purifyer from the
main at A, forces its way first through the perforated plate B, under water,
whence it ascends into the next compartment through the plate E, and.
continues its course alternately through the plates under water, and ascending
through the plates above water, until it quits the purifier and enters the main
at H. The water is during this process kept in agitation as usual by fans
or agitators denoted by the letters I, J. The hydraulic pipe K is for the
admission and withdrawal of the water, and affords an escape for the gas in
case of an unusual pressure from stoppage or other accident.

page_text: Fourthly, by an improvement in the construction of the gasometer or
reservoir by the addition of an internal cylinder open at the bottom, and:
sustaining the roof or covering, rising and sinking with the aid of an hydraulic
cup; by the use of such additional cylinder or reservoir or gasometer of nearly
double the dimensions of those in present use may be constructed on an
equal area of tank. The lower cylinder sinking first into the water tank on.
the withdrawing of gas, and the inner cylinder rising first out of the tank
upon the introduction of gas. These cylinders asc rendered air-tight by
means of an hydraulic cup traversing the whole circumference of the inner
cylinder. This cup is formed by a trough on the outside of the lower rim of
the inner cylinder, and a corresponding dip on the upper rim of the outer.
cylinder, and constantly supplied with water taken up from the tank as the
gasometer rises. The improvemant claimed consists of the application of this
bydraulic cup, although similar cylinders are not known to me to have been
ever used. This gasometer is explained by Diagrams Nos. 5, 6, and 6 a;
No. 5 shewing the area of a common gas tank. In the Diagram, No. 6, the
letter A. denotes a side of the common tank; B denotes the lower or outer.
cylinder, being the only cylinder in general use, and on which the roof is.
commonly erected; C denotes the upper or inner or additional cylinder, to
which the roof is transferred; D denotes the point of connection of the
cylinders and the seat of the hydraulic cup. No. 6 a is a section of the
hydraulic cup.
Fifthly, by the application of an instrument affixed to one of the supports
of the gasometer, for the purpose of shewing at all times, by means of an index
and dial, the entire quantity of gas in the gasometer. This is explained by
reference to the Diagram No. 7, in which the spindle (denoted by A) of the
wheel on which the balance weights run bears a cog wheel B, which is in
communication with the vertical spiral cogs (C), near the top of a perpen-
dicular fixed shaft (D), having corresponding vertical spiral cogs E near the
lower extremity, which act upon another cog wheel (F), behind a dial plate
(G); as the gas comes in, the index (H) denotes the quantity of gas intro-
duced on the ring (K) of the dial, and as gas is withdrawn, the index (J).
affords the means of ascertaining the quantity which has passed off by
reference to the ring (I) on the dial.
Sixthly, by the addition of a dial and index, in the manner exhibited by
Diagrams Numbers 8 and 8 a, to the valve regulators of the mains, by which
the extent of the aperture at the valve may be ascertained with greater
precision than by the index in general use; this I believe to be new, but do
not claim as part of my Invention. In Diagram Number 8, the letter (A).

page_text: denotes the dial, the index to which (B) is fixed on the spindle of the wheel
(C) in Number 8 a, which in describing a complete circle lifts the rack D
sufficiently to quite open the valve.
Seventhly, by an addition of a dial to the pin of the valve attached to the
branch pipes by which the gas is distributed, and by shaping the spindle of
such pin so that the key can be fixed upon it in one direction only, and by
ataching a hand or index to the key so that on fitting the key to the pin, the
index of the key pointing to a particular numeral on the dial, will shew the
extent of the aperture of the valve, and enable a person to contract or expand
such aperture with precision to any requred extent. This improvement is
explained by reference to Diagrams Numbers 9 and 9 a. In number 9, the
letter A denotes the added dial, the letter B denotes the spindle of the pin of
the form adopted, although it may be of various other forms. In Number 9 a,
the letter A denotes the hand or index fixed to the key of the valve.
Eighthly, by an improvement in the construction of the burner, by the
introduction of a funnel into the centre of the burner, instead of the cylinder
of uniform diameter in general use. This is shewn in the Diagrams in
Number 10, in which, in Figure A, the narrowest diameter of the aperture is
denoted by the letter (a), the greatest diameter by the letters (b, b,) the air
entering at (c), where the aperture is rather wider than at (a), drives up
that channel to (a), and thence drives on all sides upon the flame; this is the
extent of the improvement which I claim in the burner. By the funnel form
of the orifice a stronger current of air is driven upon the flame, which causes
it to burn with greater intensity, whereby destroying in a greater degree the
impurity of the gas, the brilliancy of the light is increased, and the incon-
veniences arising from the escape of the impure vapour are to a great extent
diminished.
In witness whereof, I, the said Stephen Hutchison, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-four.
STEPHEN (L.S.) HUTCHISON.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named Stephen Hutchison, (being first
duly stamped) in the presence of

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twelfth day of April, in the
year of our Lord 1834, the aforesaid Stephen Hutchison came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
'aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and thirty-four.

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, STEPHEN
HUTCHISON, of Vauxhall Row, in the Parish of Saint Mary, Lambeth, in the
County of Surrey, Gas Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His late most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twelfth day of October,
in the fourth year of His reign, did, for Himself; His heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, His especial licence,
full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, my exors, admors, and assigns,
and every of us, by myself and ourselves, and by my or our deputy or deputies,
servants, or agents, or such others as I or we should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of
fourteen years, should and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within
England and Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner
as to me or us, or any of us, should seem meet, my Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GAS, AND IN
THE MODE OR MEANS OF SUPPLYING GAS TO THE CONSUMER, AND ALSO IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF GAS BURNERS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE
TO OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," and that I, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, should
and might have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, and advantage to accrue
by reason of my said Invention during the said term; in which said Letters
Patent there is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said Stephen Hutchison,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe
and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His said late
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent.
And whereas I, the said Stephen Hutchinson, in pursuance of the said proviso
so contained in the said Letters Patent, did, by a certain instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, bearing date the Twelfth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-four, which said instrument
was afterwards, and on the said Twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord

page_text: One thousand eight hundred and thirty-four, and within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, duly enrolled
in His said late Majesty's High Court of Chancery, particularly describe,
specify, and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed.
And whereas I, the said Stephen Hutchison, are desirous, for good and
sufficient reasons herein-after mentioned, to enter a Disclaimer of that part of
the title of my said Invention, and of the several parts of the Specification of
my said Invention herein-after respectively mentioned, and also to enter a
Memorandum of an Amendment of the title of my said Invention, and of the
Specification thereof herein-after lastly mentioned, and have obtained for these
said several purposes the leave of Her Majesty's Attorney-General, certified by
his fiat and signature, according to the form of the Statute in such case made
and provided.
KNOW YE, THEREFORE, that I, the said Stephen Hutchison, do
hereby disclaim the following part of the title of my said Invention, that is to
say "And also in the Construction of Gas Burners, Parts of which Improve-
ments are Applicable to other Useful Purposes." And I do hereby declare that
my reasons for making the above Disclaimer of the said part of the title of my
said Invention are, that by reason of the Disclaimer of the several parts of the
said Specification, as herein-after made, the said part of the title of my said
Invention is no longer applicable to or descriptive of the true nature of my
said Invention, and that the said part of the title of my said Invention is too
large, inasmuch as I thereby claimed to be the Inventor of certain improve-
ments which I have herein-after disclaimed.
And I do further disclaim the following part of the Specification of my said
Invention, that is to say:-" An improvement in the internal arrangement of
the furnace in the setting of the retorts and arrangement of flues, of which one
is a reverberating flue. This improvement is shewn by the Diagram Number 1,
annexed to the said Specification,. in which the letter A denotes the fireplace 3
of the furnace, over which, in arches of brickwork, denoted by the letter B,
are set the nine retorts denoted by the letters C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K,
under and above which past the flues denoted by the latter L, with arrows
shewing the courses of the flame, and hot air through these flues. The flue
denoted by the letters L is a reverberating flue, which the flame enters at M, 3
through a perpendicular flue, denoted by the letters M, N, seated behind the
pipe of the retort J, and sweeping down flue L, a, right and left, enters at the
bottom on both sides of the flue, ranging immediately over it, and escapes at O

page_text: into the main chimney; this arrangement the smoke is consumed, a uniform
burning heat is preserved, and the retorts are kept free from any influence of
the cold air. The Diagram No. 1* denotes the ground plan of the furnace, the
blue squares denoting the masses of brickwork, and the intervening spaces the
flues. And I hereby state that my reason for making the above Disclaimer is
that the said improvement, claimed in and by the above recited part of the said
Specification as part of my Invention, has been superseded since the grant of
the said Letters Patent, and the inrolment of the said Specification, by other
more modern and new improvements, whereby the said improvement has
become and is of no general benefit or advantage, nor of any value or use.
And I do hereby further disclaim the following part of the Specification of my
said Invention, that is to say:-" Secondly, an improvement in the condensor,
by introducing into the water tank, instead of the pipes now generally used, an
inner cistern for the passage of the gas, peculiarly constructed. The cistern
which constitutes my Invention, and its position in the water tank, is explained
by the Diagrams annexed to the said Specification, and Numbered 2 and 3.
Number 2 exhibits a platform of the internal structure of such cistern, in
which the letter A denotes the main by which the gas enters it, and the letter F
main by which the gas quits it. The letters B denote iron plates, perforated
with holes denoted by small circles. These plates laid horizontally in the
partitions denoted by the letters C and D, and by the letters E are shown the
spaces through which the gas passes into the collateral chambers. No. 3
exhibits a longitudinal section of this cistern and its several chambers, of
which there are three collateral sets. The dotted line in this Diagram denotes
the level to which the deposit of tar is allowed to sustain itself; the letter A
denotes the entrance main, and the letter G denotes the exit main; the
letters B denote the iron perforated plates lying horizontally; the letters C
denotes the partitions rising from the level of these plates to the roof of the
cistern; the letters D and E denote other upright partitions, so placed that
by dipping about four inches below the surface of the tar, and leaving a vent
between their upper edges F and the roof of the cistern, the gas is compelled
to rise, and takes its course above the partition into the adjoining chamber;
the letter H denotes an hydraulic pipe. By these means the volume of gas,
entering the cistern by the main A, expands over the first chamber, and
5 descends through the first perforated plate into the chamber below, whence,
freeing itself from a portion of the heavier matter, is forced to ascend through
'the second plate, and proceed through the several collateral ranges of chambers,
alternately ascending and descending, and divided in passing through the holes

page_text: of each plate, and again immediately expanding itself until it enters the exit
pipe G. The hydraulic pipe H is applied to this cistern to afford vent for the
superabundant tar and other matter, and an escape for the gas, in the event of
extraordinary pressure from stoppage or other accident. This cistern is either
to be sunk to or to be supported near the bottom of the condensor, according
to the quantity of water which may be required. The interval, filled with
water, is denoted by the letters I." And I do hereby declare that my reason
for making the above Disclaimer of this last-mentioned part of the Specifica-
tion of my said Invention is, that I have since the grant of the said Letters
Patent, and the inrolment of the said Specification, made trial of the said
improvement, and having in the course of such trials found, and discovered that
the said improvement is of no particular utility or advantage whatever, and
that the additional advantage to be derived from constructing the condensor in
the manner specified, does not compensate for the increased expence incurred
in making the same.
And I do hereby further disclaim the following part of the Specification of
my said Invention (that is to say):-"Thirdly, by an improvement in the
internal structure of the purifier, by dividing it into compartments with per-
forated plates; for the purpose of dividing the volume of gas. This alteration
is explained by the Diogram Number 4 annexed to the said Specification, in
which the letter A denotes the main pipe which forms the volume of gas into
the first chamber of the purifier, and H denotes the main pipe by which it is
carried off. The dotted line denotes the level of the water; the letters B, C,
and D, denote perforated iron plates under water, through which the gas
descends; the letters E, F, G, denote similar plates above the water, through
which the gas ascends. The latter are covered with lime laid on dry, a
substance commonly used in the purification of gas. This is supplied through
an aperture in each of such chambers, which is kept closed by a tap (such as
denoted by the letter L), firmly screwed on. By this arrangement the gas
entering the purifier from the main at A, forces its way through the perforated
plate B, under water, whence it ascends into the next compartment through
the plate E, and continues its course alternately through the plates under
water, and ascending through the plates above water, until it quits the purifier
and enters the main at H. The water. is during this process kept in agitation
as usual by fans or agitators, denoted by the letters I, J.
The hydraulic
pipe K is for the admission and withdrawal of the water, and affords an escape
for the gas in case of an unusual pressure from stoppage or other accident."
And I do hereby state that my reason for making the above Disclaimer of the

page_text: said part of the Specification of my said Invention. lastly above recited is, that
I have since the grant of the said Letters Patent, and the inrolment of the
said Specification, discovered and have reason to believe that the said supposed
improvement so claimed as a part of my said Invention is not new, and that
some person or persons had unknown to me, the said Stephen Hutchison,
invented or used the said supposed improvement so claimed by me as part of
my said Invention before the date of the said Letters Patent.
And I do hereby further disclaim the following part of the Specification of my
said Invention, that is to say:-"Fifthly, by the application of an instrument
affixed to one of the supports of the gasometer, for the purpose of shewing at
all times, by means of an index and dial, the entire quantity of gas in the gaso-
meter. This is explained by reference to the Diagram Number 7, in which the
spindle (denoted by A) of the wheel on which the balance weights run bears a
cog wheel B, which is in communication with the vertical spiral cogs (C),
near to the top of a perpendicular fixed shaft (D), having corresponding
vertical spiral cogs E near the lower extremity, which act upon another cog
wheel (F), behind a dial plate (G). As the gas comes in, the index (II)
denotes the quantity of gas introduced on the ring (K) of the dial; and as gas
is withdrawn, the index (J) affords the means of. ascertaining the quantity
which has passed off by reference to the ring (I) on the dial. And I do
hereby state that my reason for making the above Disclaimer of the said part
of the Specification of my said Invention lastly above recited is, that the said
improvement claimed in and by the said last-recited part of the said Specifica-
tion as part of my said Invention has been superseded since the grant of the
said Letters Patent, and the inrolment of the said Specification, by other
more modern and new improvements, whereby the said improvement so
claimed by me as aforesaid has become and is of no general benefit or advan-
tage, nor for any value or use.
And I do hereby further disclaim the following part of the said Specification
of my said Invention (that is to say):-" Sixthly, by the addition of a dial and
index, in the manner exhibited by Diagrams Numbers 8 and 8 a, to the valve
regulators of the mains, by which the extent of the aperture at the valve may
be ascertained with greater precision than by the index in general use. This
I believe to be new, but do not claim as part of my Invention. In Diagram
Number 8, the letter (A) denotes the dial, the index to which (B) is fixed on
the spindle of the wheel (C), in Number 8 a, which in describing a complete
circle lifts the rack (D) sufficiently to quite open the valve." And I do
hereby state that my reason for making the above Disclaimer of the said

page_text: part of the Specification of my said Invention lastly above recited is, that the
'said improvement claimed in and by the said part of the said Specification
lastly above recited as part of my said Invention has been superseded since the
grant of the said Letters Patent, and the inrolment of the said Specification, but
other more modern and new improvements, whereby the said improvement so
claimed by me as aforesaid has become and is of no general advantage or
benefit, nor of any value or use.
And I do hereby further disclaim the following part of the said Specification
of my said Invention (that is to say):-" Seventhly, by an addition of a dial to
the pin of the valve attached to the branch pipes, by which the gas is dis-
tributed, and by shaping the spindle of such pin so that the key can be fixed
upon it in one direction only, and by attaching a handle or index to the key,
so that on fitting the key to the pin, the index of the key pointing to a par-
ticular numeral on the dial, will shew the extent of the aperture of the valve,
and enable a person to contract or expand such aperture with precision to any
required extent. This improvement is explained by reference to Diagrams
Numbers 9 and 9 a. In Number 9, the letter A denotes the added dial; the
letter B denotes the spindle of the pin of the form adopted, although it may
be of various other forms. In Number 9 a, the letter A denotes the hand or
index, fixed to the key of the valve." And I do hereby state that mý réason
for making the above Disclaimer of the said part of the Specification of my
said Invention lastly above recited is, that the said improvement claimed in
and by the part of the said Specification lastly above recited as part of my
said Invention has been superseded since the grant of the said Letters Patent,
and the inrolment of the said Specification, by other more modern and new
improvements, whereby the said improvement so claimed by me as aforesaid
has become and is of no general benefit or advantage, nor of any value or use.
And I do hereby further disclaim the following part of the said Specification
of my said Invention (that is to say): "Eighthly, by an improvement in the
construction of the burner by the introduction of a funnel into the centre of the
burner, instead of the cylinder of uniform diameter in general use. This is
shewn in the Diagrams in Number 10, in which, in Figure A, the narrowest
diameter of the aperture is denoted by the letter (a), the greatest diameters by
the letters (b, b), the air entering at (c), where the aperture is rather wider
than (a), drives up that channel to (a), and thence drives on all sides upon the
flame. This is the extent of the improvement which I claim in the burner.
By the funnel form of the orifice a stronger current of air is driven upon the
flame, which causes it to burn with greater intensity, whereby, destroying in a

page_text: greater degree the impurity of the gas, the brilliancy of the light is increased,
and the inconveniences arising from the escape of the impure vapour, are to a
great extent diminished." And I do hereby state that my reason for making
the above Disclaimer of the part of the Specification of my said Invention
lastly above recited is, that I have since the grant of the said Letters Patent,:
and the inrolment of the said Specification, discovered and have reason to
believe that the said supposed improvements so claimed as part of my said
supposed Invention was not new, but that some person or persons had
unknown to me, the said Stephen Hutchison, invented or used the said sup-
posed improvement so claimed by me as part of my said Invention as aforesaid
before the date of the said Letters Patent.
:
And I, the said Stephen Hutchison, do hereby enter the following amend-
ment in the title of my Invention, that is to say, a Patent for the Invention.
of certain improvements in machinery or apparatus for manufacturing gas, and
supplying the same to the consumer. And I do hereby state that my reason
for making the above amendment of the title of my said Invention is in order
to make the title of my said Invention consistent with what the said Specifica-
tion will describe as my said Invention when the Disclaimers herein-before set
forth shall have been entered, and because the true and real nature of my,
said Invention is set forth and expressed with greater accuracy and precision
by such amendment of the title.
And I do hereby further enter the following amendment in the Specification
of my said Invention:-Fourthly, by an improvement in the construction of
the gasometer or reservoir by the addition of an internal cylinder, open at the
5 bottom, and sustaining the roof or covering, rising and sinking with the aid of
an hydraulic cup; the lower cylinder sinking first into the water tank. on the
withdrawing of the gas, and the inner cylinder rising first out of the tank
upon the introduction of gas. These cylinders are rendered air-tight by
means of an hydraulic cup traversing the whole circumference of the inner
cylinder. This cup is formed by
a trough on the outside of the lower rim of
the inner cylinder, and a corresponding dip on the upper rim of the outer
cylinder, and constantly supplied with water taken up from the tank as the
gasometer rises. The improvement claimed consists in the application of this
hydraulic cup, although similar cylinders are not known to me to have been
ever used. This gasometer is explained by Diagrams Nos. 5, 6, and 6 a, No. 5.
showing the area of a common gas tank. In the Diagram No. 6, the letter A
denotes the side of a common tank; B denotes the lower or outer cylinder,
being the only cylinder in general use, and on which the roof is commonly
erected; C denotes the upper or inner or additional cylinder, to which the
3.

page_text: roof is transferred; D denotes the point of connection of the cylinders and the
seat of the hydraulic cup. No. 6 a is a section of the hydraulic cup. And I do
hereby state that the amendment in the Specification of my said Invention
consists in the omission of the words, "By the use of such additional cylinder
a reservoir or gasometer of nearly double the dimensions of those in present
use may be constructed on an equal area of tank;" and that my sole reasons
for making the aforesaid amendment is because the said words omitted do not
express my meaning clearly, and do not describe my said improvement with
precision and accuracy.
And I, the said Stephen Hutchinson, do further declare and protest that the
above Disclaimer and amendments, any or either of them, or any part thereof,
do in anywise extend or purpose to extend the exclusive right granted to me
by the said Letters Patent.
In witness whereof, I, the said Stephen Hutchison, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Fifteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord 1
One thousand eight hundred and forty-one.
Clerk to H. M. Clark, Sol',
36, Essex Street, Strand.
To the Clerk of the Patents of England.
This is to certify, that Stephen Hutchison, of Vauxhall Row, in the Parish
of Saint Mary, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Gas Engineer, has applied
to me for leave to enter with you the above-written Disclaimer of part of the
title and part of the Specification of a certain Invention, for which Letters
Patent were duly granted to him under the Great Seal, dated the 12th day of
October, in the fourth year of the reign of His late Majesty, and the Specifica-
tion was duly enrolled on the 12th day of April 1840; and that I have, there-
fore, granted leave to the said Stephen Hutchison to file his said Disclaimer,
pursuant to the Statute passed in the sixth year of the reign of His said late
Majesty entituled An Act to Amend the Law touching Letters Patent for
Inventions. Dated the Nineteenth day of March, One thousand eight hundred
and forty-one.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Tenth day of May, in the
year of our Lord 1841, the aforesaid Stephen Hutchison came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Disclaimer
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Disclaimer aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Tenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand