CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph John Harrison and Edward Harrison, both of
Broughton, in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 20th November 1866, and dated the 14th June 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph John Harrison and
Edward Harrison at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 14th June 1866.
We, JOSEPH JOHN HARRISON and EDWARD HARRISON, both of Broughton,
in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The first part of our Invention relates to that portion of the loom called the
check motion, and is designed for the purpose of effectually retarding the
shuttle when entering the shuttle box, and finally stopping and retaining
the same until again expelled, which is effected with greater freedom than
hitherto owing to the peculiar formation and action of our improved swell,
thereby considerably reducing the pick required; and, secondly, our Invention
relates to a new and peculiar formation of temple that will more effectually
distend the cloth between the selvages.
The first part of our Invention may be thus described. To the back board
of the shuttle box a bracket is secured, which forms the fulcrum of a flat
horizontal lever at a convenient distance; on this lever, between its fulcrum
and the end, an adjustable vertical rod or finger is secured; the top of this

page_text: finger forms the support for a disc or circular "swell," which is caused to
protrude through an aperture in the back of the shuttle box, so that its peri-
phery in the box will present a surface that shall exert a rotary or revolving
pressure against the side of the shuttle as it enters the box; this pressure is
obtained by the spring of the stop rod through the medium of a lever secured
to such rod, the end of which forcibly bears against the opposite end from the
fulcrum of the aforesaid borizontal lever. The disc swell being bushed so as
to fit loosely on the top of its supporting rod or finger slightly revolves during
the entrance and expulsion of the shuttle, at the same time exerting a pressure
against the sides of the shuttle when entering that effectually checks its
further progress; the entrance of the shuttle also when in contact forces back
the swell outward from the box, which has the effect, through the lever con-
necting the same with the stop rod, of raising the ordinary" frog "lever so as
to prevent the same coming into contact with the frog, which it otherwise would
do in the event of the shuttle not entering the box.
Our improved temple consists in a peculiar formation of the same, that
is to say, the temple roller is made perfectly cylindrical about half its length,
at which point it has a gradually increasing diameter, cone-like, for the
remainder of its length in contradistinction to forming such temple cylin-
drically as hitherto; the temple when in its place is arranged so as to have
its conical portion outward, and placed also at a slight angle to the reed, the
combined effect of which upon the cloth is to give a more perfect and
distended extension across the cloth.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph John Harrison and Edward Harrison in the Great
-Seal Patent Office on the 13th December 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH.
JOHN HARRISON and EDWARD HARRISON, both of Broughton, in the County of
Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Joseph John Harrison and Edward Harrison, Her special license
that we, the said Joseph John Harrison and Edward Harrison, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Joseph John

page_text: Harrison and Edward Harrison, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all.
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully.
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great,
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition.
(amongst others) that we, the said Joseph John Harrison and Edward
Harrison, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under.
our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe,
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same.
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal,
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date.
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph John Harrison and Edward,
Harrison, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what,
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is
to say:-
The first part of our Invention relates to that portion of the loom called
the check motion, and is designed for the purpose of effectually retarding
the shuttle when entering the shuttle box, and finally stopping and retaining
the same until again expelled, which is effected with greater freedom than
hitherto, owing to the peculiar formation and action of our improved swell,
thereby considerably reducing the pick required. And this part of our.
improvement may be thus described:To the back board of the shuttle box
a bracket is secured, which forms the fulcrum of a flat horizontal lever at
a convenient distance; on this lever, between the fulcrum and the end, an
adjustable vertical rod or finger is secured; the top of this finger forms the
support for a disc or circular swell, which is caused to protrude through an
aperture in the back of the shuttle box, so that its periphery in the box will
present a surface that shall exert a rotary or revolving pressure against the
side of the shuttle as it enters the box; this pressure is obtained by the spring
of the stop rod through the medium of a lever secured to such rod, the end of
which forcibly bears against the opposite end from the fulcrum of the afore-
said horizontal lever; the disc swell being bushed so as to fit loosely on the
top of its supporting rod or finger slightly revolves during the entering and
expulsion of the shuttle, at the same time exerting a pressure against the sides
of the shuttle when entering that effectually checks its further progress; the
entering of the shuttle also. when in contact forces back the swell outward !

page_text: from the box, which has the effect, through the lever connecting the same
with the stop rod, of raising the ordinary "frog" lever, so as to prevent the
same coming into contact with the "frog," which it otherwise would do in the
event of the shuttle not entering the box.
Secondly, our improved temple consists in a peculiar formation of the same,
that is to say, the temple roller is made perfectly cylindrical to about half its
length, at which point it has a gradually increasing diameter, cone-like, for the
remainder of its length in contradistinction to forming such a temple cylin-
drically as hitherto; the temple when in its place is arranged so as to have its
conical portion outward, and placed also at a slight angle to the reed, the
combined effect of which upon the cloth is to give a more perfect and distened
extension across the cloth.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail we have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made about six inches
to the foot; and similar letters of reference marked thereupon on all the
Figures alike..
Fig. 1 represents a back elevation of the shuttle box; Fig. 2 and 3
represent respectively a vertical section and plan view of the same; Fig. 4 is
a plan view representing another modification of the improved swell as
and
applied and adapted to the looms for weaving termed shuttle looms;
Fig. 5 represents the peculiar formation of our improved temples for dis-
tending the cloth between the selvages.
In Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, a, a, is the sley; b, the shuttle box; and d, the
stop rod, all being well-known parts of the loom; to the back board of the
shuttle box the bracket e forming the fulcrum of the slotted lever f is
secured; within the slot of this lover a circular dise or swell bowl g is sup-
ported by means of a vertical pin passing through a metal bush in its centre ;
this disc or bowl g forms the swell of the shuttle box, and is caused to
protrude through the aperture h in the back of the box by reason of the
finger i secured on end of the stop rod & pressing against the lever f at the
opposite end from its fulcrum; by this means the periphery of the bowl g in
the box presents a surface that exerts a rotary or revolving pressure against
the side of the shuttle as it enters the box; this pressure being obtained
through the medium of the finger i and spring of the stop rod d. The formation
of swell, shown in Fig. 4, is more particularly adapted to looms having several
boxes known as the shuttle loom; in this instance the swell is supported on the
lever by means of the projecting stud i¹, upon which it oscillates when the
shuttle enters or is leaving the box; the pressure exerted upon the shuttle
by the swell is obtained by means of the stop rod spring in a similar manner

page_text: as herein-before described; the rotary or oscillating swell, as described, by
their connexion with the stop rod and spring are caused to exert a pressure
in their respective boxes against the side of the shuttle when entering such
boxes that effectually checks its further progress; the entering of the shuttle
also when coming into contact with the swell forces back the finger i on the
stop rod, which has the effect of raising the ordinary frog lever m so as to
prevent the same coming into contact with the frog n, which it otherwise
would do and stop the loom if the shuttle did not enter the box so as to press
against the swell.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be distinctly
understood in conclusion that we claim,-
First, the novel and peculiar arrangement, construction, and adaptation to
the shuttle boxes of looms of the improved circular disc, marked 9 in the
Drawing, attached, together with the apparatus by which the same is connected
with the stop rod.
Secondly, we claim the novel construction and formation of the improved
temple, as shown in Fig. 5 of the Drawings.
And, lastly, we claim the general arrangement, construction, and adaptation
of the several parts composing the swell of the loom, as herein-before
described and fully set forth in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph John Harrison and Edward
Harrison, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twelfth day of
December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-six.
JOSEPH JOHN HARRISON. (L.B.)
EDWARD HARRISON.
(L.S.)