IMPROVEMENTS IN STONE-WORKING MACHINERY AND TOOLS THEREFOR
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Hamilton, of Arboretum Square, Derby, in the
County of Derby, and Frederick Frasi, of Brewer Street, Woolwich, in the
County of Kent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STONE-WORKING
MACHINERY AND TOOLS THEREFOR."
Scaled the 23rd September 1876, and dated the 7th June 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Hamilton and
Frederick Frasi at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th
June 1876.
Joseph Hamilton, of Arboretum Square, Derby, in the County of Derby, and
FREDERICK FRASI, of Brewer Street, Woolwich, in the County of Kent. "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN STONE-WORKING MACHINERY AND TOOLS THEREFOR."
Our Invention relates to machinery for planing stone to a flat or moulded face
and to the tools employed for that purpose.
We mount on a framing a table on which the stone is fixed, and we give this
table a to-and-fro moveincut, as in a planing machine. We also make the table
capable of adjustament laterally to various degrees of inclination, so that the stone
can have its edge or face inclined, according to the pattern of the moulding to be
cut on it. At one side of the table we mount a rest carrying a set of tool holders,
which rest can be slid to and fro transversely to the movement of the table, or
there may be several of such tool holders which can be so moved independently of
one another.
The tools which we employ consist of pieces of bar steel of a trapezoidal section,
that is to say, the one edge of the bar is somewhat wider than the other edge. We
cut such bar to the desired length, and grind one end somewhat obliquely, so that
the bar at its wider edge stands somewhat farther forward than at its back edge,
the front wide edge forming the cutting edge.
For some kinds of stone we make the end of the cutter square, and set it a little
obliquely in its rest. We fix a number of such cutters one above the other in each
tool holder, placing between them pieces of iron or steel bar of corresponding section,
but in an inverted position, to act as intermediate packing, and we secure the
whole pile of tools and packing in the rest by means of a punching screw which
presses them firmly one upon the other. In fixing the tools we set them so that
some project more or less than the others, according to the profile of the moulding
[Price 6d1

page_text: which they are intended to cut. And having several such tool holders side by
side we set the tools in the second somewhat farther forward than those in the
first, those in the third somewhat farther forward than those in the second, and
Behind the last rest we
so on if there be a greater number of rests than three.
mount a scraping tool for finishing the moulding after it has been roughed and
almost finished by the successive cutting tools.
The machine operates in the following manner :-The cutters having been fixed
in their holders, and the stone having been fixed on the table, adjusted if necessary
at an inclination to suit the moulding, the stone is made to travel slowly past the
cutters which remove its surface, the first set roughing, the next set cutting a
little (leeper, and so on; and as the cutter holders are set gradually forward during
the alternate travel to and fro of the stone the surface is gradually worked to the
desired profile, whereupon the scraper is brought to bear upon it for the purpose of
finishing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Joseph Hamilton and Frederick Frasi in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 6th December 1876.
JOSEPH HAMILTON, of Arboretum Square, Derby, in the County of Derby, and
FREDERICK FRASI, of Brewer Street, Woolwich, in the County of Kent. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STONE-WORKING MACHINERY AND TOOLS THEREFOR."
Our Invention relates to machinery for planing stone to a flat or moulded face
and to the tools employed for that purpose.
We mount on a framing a table on which the stone is fixed, and we give the
We also make the table
table a to-and-fro novement, as in a planing machine.
capable of adjustment laterally to various degrees of inclination, so that the stone
can have its edge or face inclined, according to the pattern of the moulding to be
cut on it. At one side of the table we mount a rest carrying a set of tool holders,
which rest can be slid to and fro transversely to the movement of the table, or
there may be several of such tool holders which can be so moved independently
of one another.
The tools which we employ consist of pieces of bar steel of a trapezoidal section,
that is to say, the one edge of the bar is somewhat wider than the other edge. We
cut such bar to the desired length, and grind one end somewhat obliquely so that the
bar at its wider edge stands somewhat farther forward than at its back edge.
For some kinds of stone we make the end of the cutter square, and set it a little
obliquely in its rest. We fix a number of such cutters one above the other in each
tool holder, placing between them pieces of corresponding section, but in an inverted
position, to act as intermediate packing, and we secure the whole pile of tools
and packing in the rest by means of a pinching screw which presses them firmly
one upon another. In fixing the tools we set them so that some project more
or less than the others, according to the profile of the moulding which they
are intended to cut. And having several such tool holders side by side we set the
tools in the second somewhat farther forward than those in the first, those in the
third somewhat farther forward than those in the second, and so on if there be a
greater number of rests than three. Behind the last rest we mount a scraping tool
for finishing the moulding after it has been roughed and almost finished by the
successive cutting tools.
The machine operates in the following manner:-The cutters having been fixed
in their holders, and the stone having been fixed on the table, adjusted if necessary
at an inclination to suit the moulding, the stone is made to travel past the cutters
which remove its surface, the first set roughing, the next set cutting a little
deeper, and so on; and as the cutter holders are set gradually forward during the
alternate travel to and fro of the stone the surface is gradually worked to the
desired profile, whereupon the scraper is brought to bear upon it for the purpose of
finishing.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 shows a front elevation, Fig. 2 an end elevation, and Fig. 3 a plan of our
before described improved machine.
On the framing A is a sliding table B carrying the stone block C to be moulded,
and inade to travel backwards and forwards by means of a screw spindle D rotated
by gearing E and driving pullics F, Fl. The stone C is clamped by a screw bolt G
and plate G¹ on to a slab B', which is hinged to the table at B², and is supported at
its back by raising and lowering screws B³, by which the slab and stone can be
adjusted to any required angle to enable the face C' of the stone to be presented
in the most convenient position to the several sets of cutting tools H, H, H².
For some classes of work the hinging of the table may be dispensed with. These
tools are mounted in front of the stone in tool holders I, I, I, a number of the
tools corresponding to the height of the face of the stone, being arranged one above
the other in each tool holder with packing pieces between them, as herein-before
described, so that a small space intervenes between each two cutters. They are
secured by the pinching screws K.
The tools H are shewn to an enlarged scale in back view, plan, and section
respectively, at Figs. 4, 5, and 6. They are made of bar tapering in thickness from
the front face furnishing the cutting edge to the back face ¹.
For some kinds of work these tools may be made with a beak h³. Each tool
holder I contains two sets or piles of such tools, the second set being arranged with
their cutting edges in line with the spaces between the tools of the first set so as
to operate upon the portions of the stone that are not acted on by these. The cut-
ting edges of the two sets H¹ are somewhat in advance of those of the two sets HT,
and the sets H are in advance of H', so that on the stone being made to travel in
the direction of the arrow each two sets will be made to cut the face of the stone
already acted on by the preceding two sets. The tool holders are mounted on a
table L which can be set forward on the framing A by means of screw spindles M
and gearing N so as to bring the cutting edges of the tools forward to make a fresh
cut on the face of the stone. After this has been passed in the direction of the
arrow under the action of all the cutters, and is brought back by the reversed
motion of the screw D in order to be again submitted to their action.
In cominencing operations with the machine the cutting edges of each pile of
tools are set to a template so as to correspond to the configuration of the moulding
to be cut, as indicated at Fig. 2, after which they are clamped securely in position
by the screws K. In a slot O' of the rest O carried by the table L is fixed a
scraper having the configuration of the moulding, and serving to finish the surface
of the stone after it has been operated upon by the cutters H. The rest O can be
turned in its socket 0%, and adjusted by the screw Os so as to cause the scraper to
act at any desired angle on the stone. The forward motion of the table A is
effected at a slow speed by the pulley F, while the back motion is effected at a
quicker speed by the pulley F' having a crossed strap.
Although we have shewn in the Drawings and described a construction of
machine wherein the table has a to-and-fro motion past the tools which are rela-
tively stationary it is obvious that the relative movement might be inverted by
keeping stationary the table carrying the stone, and moving past it a table or
framing carrying the cutting tools.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, we claim→
First. The construction of machinery for working stone wherein a sliding table
carrying the stone to be operated upon is made to travel past one or more piles
of cutting tools carried in tool holders that can be adjusted in position to and
from the face of the stone, the tools being capable of adjustment in their holders so
as to conform with their cutting edges to the configuration of the surface to be
produced, substantially as herein described.

page_text: Second. In stone-working machinery, such as is above referred to, arranging two
or more sets of cutters so that the cutting edges of one set project somewhat
beyond those of the preceding set, substantially as and for the purpose herein
described.
Third. In stone-working machinery, such as is above referred to, arranging the
slab or table carrying the stone so that it can be adjusted to various degrees of
inclination relative to the cutters, substantially as and for the purpose herein
described.
Fourth. The use for stone-working machinery, such as is above referred to, of
cutting tools made of bar steel, substantially as herein described.
Fifth. Arranging for the purpose of cutting stone a series of cutting tools, such
as are above referred to, one above the other in a tool holder with intermediate
packing pieces, the said tools being separately capable of adjustment so as to
conform to the configuration of the surface to be produced, substantially as herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Hamilton, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
JOSEPH HAMILTON. (L.S.)