and other Woven or Felted Fabrics.
Year: 1886

page_text: and other Woven or Felted Fabrics.
We, GEORGE HENRY NUSSEY of Boar Lane Woollen Manufacturer and WILLIAM
BRADSHAW LEACHMAN of Great Wilson Street Mechanical Engineer, both of Leeds
in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
"
"
Our invention has reference to what is known as the "Lewis machine or
Perpectual" used for shearing the nap off woollen or other woven or felted
fabrics.
In that machine the operation of shearing is effected by means of rotary helical
cutters acting in combination with a straight knife or blade and bed.
.
We find in practice when using the machine as hitherto constructed that the
material is frequently cut through into holes consequent upon the unevenness of
the material and ragidity of the bed on which it rests during the cutting operation,
also when india rubber beds are employed, such beds are effected considerably by
the temperature, thus rendering the surface in accordance with the degrees of
temperature more or less hard or pliant, so that the elasticity cannot always be
relied upon.
Now in order to prevent the damage abovementioned we form a bed of bristles
hairs or fibres, secured to a plate or bar in a similar manner to those of an ordinary
brush.
The plate or bar is mounted on or inserted into a beam which is carried across
the machine and parallel with the circular cutter.
The bristles, hairs or fibres are made of such a length as to bear the pressure of
the material as it passes over them, at the same time forming a bed of sufficient
elasticity.
As some classes of material have more extensive irregularities of surface than
others it is necessary that the hardness or elasticity of the bed should be increased
or reduced at pleasure, this is effected and arranged for by using bristles, hairs or
fibres of greater or less stiffness or length.
And in order that our invention may be completely understood reference is given
to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and marks thereon.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS,
Fig. 1 is a transverse section and Fig. 2 a side elevation.
Now in order. to prevent the damage herein before mentioned we construct the
bed of bristles, hairs or fibres a secured to a plate or bar b in a similar manner to
those of an ordinary_brush.
The plate or bar b is mounted on or inserted in the beam o which is carried
across the machine parallel with the circular cutter d and attached to the
framework e.
The bristles, hairs or fibres a are made of such a length as to bear the pressure
of the material f as it passes over them, at the same time to form. a. bed of sufficient
elasticity.
The plate or bar 6 containing the bristles, hairs or fibres a is secured to the beam o
within the longitudinal groove g by means of screws h as shewn or attached thereto
by bolts or other means.
As some classes of material have more extensive irregularities of surface than
others it is necessary that the elasticity of the bed should be increased or reduced
at pleasure, this is effected or arranged for by using bristles, hairs or fibres of
greater or less stiffness or length.
The ordinary rotary helical cutters are shewn at d, these cutters are of the usual
description and are operated in the ordinary manner.
The piece operated upon passes over the elastic bed as shewn at f, the cutters d
when revolving are brought down and shear the nap off the fabric as it is moved
over the surface of the bristles, hairs or fibres a and against the knife i.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
The arrangement, construction and application of flexible bed formed of bristles,
hairs or fibres a applied substantially as herein set forth, over which the fabric is
caused to pass for the purpose of shearing the nap off by means of helical rotary
cutters d and knife i.