IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY And Apparatus FOR PUNCHING AND SHEARING
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Shaw, of the Neptune Iron Works, Newcastle-
upon-Tyne, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY And Apparatus FOR PUNCHING AND SHEARING”
Sealed the 15th April 1873, and dated the 18th February 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Shaw at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th February 1873.
I, JOHN SHAW, of the Neptune Iron Works, Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR PUNCHING AND SHEARING," to be
as follows:-
My Invention consists in actuating the punch of a punching machine,
or the cutting tool of a shearing machine, by means of hydraulic power,
the water under pressure from an accumulator or from the force pump
being admitted to a cylinder in which is a piston; the rod of this piston
is connected to the centre joint of two or four links, forming a toggle

page_text: joint, or by steam pressure in a cylinder in which is a piston; the rod of
this piston is also connected to the centre joint of two or four links, two
of the links vibrate from a fixed centre, and the others are jointed to a
slide in which the punching or shearing instrument is fixed; the slide
works in vertical or horizontal guides. By means of these improve- 5
ments the requisite power can be obtained for punching or shearing
plates of metal of great thickness.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Shaw in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 9th July 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
SHAW, of the Neptune Iron Works, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-three, in
the thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said John Shaw, Her special
licence that I, the said John Shaw, my exccutors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Shaw, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND
APPARATUS FOR PUNCHING AND SHEARING," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Shaw, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Shaw, do hereby declare

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say) :—
The nature of my Invention consists in actuating the punch of a
punching machine, or the cutting tool of a shearing machine, by means
of hydraulic power or steam acting directly on the centre joint of a
toggle joint, two of the links of which vibrate from a fixed centre and
the others are jointed to a slide in which the punching or shearing
instrument is fixed.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood, and
readily carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings, reference being had to the figures and
letters marked thercon.
Fig. 1 is an elevation, partly in section, of a punching machine
constructed according to my improvements. a is the foundation plate,
supporting the die ; this plate is made with six or other convenient
number of webs to increase the strength; to the foundation plate are
fixed the diagonal columns c, c, which are united at the top by the bolt d,
forming the fixed centre for the toggle joint, which consists of the two
upper links e and the lower links f; the lower ends of the links ƒ are
jointed to the slide in which the punch is fixed. To the columns c, c,
is fixed the cylinder i, in which is a piston or ram; and the piston rod
or the ram is connected by the links to the centro joint of the links e
and forming the toggle joint. The water under pressure, or the steam,
is admitted by suitable valves to the cylinder i, and the action thereof
on the piston or ram draws the links of the toggle joint into a vertical
position, thereby forcing the punch / through the plate which is
supposed to have been previously laid on the die b. As soon as the hole
has been punched the water or steam is admitted to the other end of the
cylinder to draw the punching tool out of the plate and to put the parts
into the proper positions for the next operation.
Fig. 2 represents a modification of my Invention. In this case the
foundation plate a is made to support the two dies b, b, and the stays c, c,
are united below to a crosshead forming a guide for the sliding bar g, to
the upper part of which the two punches h, h, aro secured. The upper
ends of the links e are jointed to the foundation plate a, and the lower
ends of the links are jointed to the sliding bar g. The cylinder i is
cast or fixed to the foundation plate a, and the piston rod or ram is
.

page_text: connected by the elbow lever and link j to the centre joint of the
toggle joint. This machine is particularly adapted for punching holes
in the flanges of plates, one of which is shewn at 1, but it may be used
for other purposes.
Fig. 3 represents another modification of my Invention. In this 5
arrangement the frame a supports the punch 6, and to the upper part of
the frame is fixed the cylinder i, the piston rod or ram of which is
connected by the links ; to the contre joint of the links e, f, of the toggle
joint. The punch h is fixed to the under side of the slide g, and it is
moved up and down in the manner described in reference to Fig. 1.
The Drawings represent my improvements applied to machinery for
punching only; but it is evident that by substituting shears for the
punches and dies shewn the same machinery may be applied for
shearing.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described three 1
modes of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not
intend to limit myself to the details given, as they may be considerably
varied or modified; and I claim the application of the links marked e
and forming a toggle joint, actuated by hydraulic power or steam, to
machinery for punching and shearing, as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Shaw, have hereto set my
hand and seal, this Seventh day of July One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-three.
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