CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY APPLICABLE TO THE DRESSING OF WOOLLEN CLOTH
Year: 1829

page_text: DANIELL'S SPECI GATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
CLISILD DANIELL, of Limpley Stoke, in the Parish of Bradford, in the County
of Wilts, Clothier, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Eighth day of July, in the tenth year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Joseph Clisild Daniell, His special licence that I, the said Joseph Clisild
Daniell, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph
Clisild Daniell, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
a "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY APPLICABLE TO THE DRESSING OF WOOLLEN
CLOTH;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging me, the
said Joseph Clisild Daniell, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be
enrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph Clisild Daniell, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention

page_text: of a certain Improvement in Machinery applicable to the Dressing of Woollen
Cloth" is described and ascertained in manner following (that is to say):-
The machinery to which my improvement relates. is known by the name of
gig mills for dressing woollen cloth. My improvement is applicable to those
gig mills which dress or raise a pile upon the surface of woollen cloth by
means of teasles fastened on boards which are affixed to the circumference
of the revolving barrel or cylinder of the gig mill, and my improvement
consists in a mode, herein-after particularly described, of applying and attaching
the teasle boards, on which the teasles are fastened) to the cylinder boards
which form the circumference of the revolving barrel of the gig, mill, with
springs so interposed between the teasles boards and the cylinder boards as to
permit the said teasle boards to yield or recede a little towards the axis or
centre of the barrel whenever the points or hooks of the teasles take too strong
hold of the cloth, in order that by such yielding and retreating of the teasles
from the cloth the same may escape being injured by the teasles. But with
this improvement it is necessary to make use of small rollers, according to a'
certain improvement for which His Majesty's Letters. Patent were granted
to me; bearing date the Eighteenth of September, One thousand eight hundred
and twenty-eight, and- which improvement I did fully describe in my
Specification, dated the Sixth of March, One thousand eight hundred and
twenty-nine, and which was enrolled in the Court of Chancery the
Eighteenth of the same month, the said rollers being applied to the circumfer-
ence of the revolving barrel of the gig mill, parallel to the axis thereof; and
the rollers being situated in the intervals between the several cylinder boards to
which the teasle boards are fastened, or, in place of such rollers, perches
or bearing rails may be used with my present improvement, such rails being
fastened on the circumference of the revolving barrel to bear up the cloth in.
the manner of fenders.
The following mode of applying, and attaching the teasle boards to the
cylinder boards constitutes my present improvement,, that is to say, viz!,—
Figure 1 of the Drawing hereunto annexed is a transverse section of a
portion of the barrel of a gig mill, shewing part of one of the circular rims D,
with one of the cylinders boards E fastened to the rim, also one of the teasle
boards F attached to the cylinder board E by the mode which constitutes my..
present improvement, and which is applicable to such gig mills as operate to
dress or raise a pile upon the surface of woollen cloth by means, of teasles with
fenders, or with rollers applied in the intervals between the cylinder boards:.
L,L, represents two of. the small-rollers which bear up the cloth, and which
constituted my former improvement, as herein-before recited.

page_text: Figure 2 is a plan of a portion of the cylinder board E, shewing one teasle
board F; and Figure 3 is a longitudinal elevation of the cylinder board and
teasle board, corresponding to Figure 2. a, a, are two screws, which are
screwed into the cylinder board E. They have holes formed across through
their heads to receive two pins or hooks b, b, which are fastened to that edge
of the teasle board F which goes first when the barrel revolves. The hooks b, b,
are formed at the ends of two slips of metal c, c, which are let into.the.under
side of the teasle board F, across the breadth thereof, and fastened by screws
with the heads countersunk. The hooks b, b, being thus lodged in the holes
through the heads of the screws a, a, form a pair of hinges, by which the teasle
board F is attached to the cylinder board E. 2, 2, are steady pins, which are
driven tight into the cylinder board E, and project outwards therefrom. The
upper ends of the pins 2, 2, are received into holes formed through the slips
of metal c, c, and the pins 2 retain the teasle board from moving endways,
whereby they prevent the hooks b, b, withdrawing from the holes through the
heads of the screws a, a. e, e, are spiral springs, formed of brass wire, coiled
up into short curbs; they are placed round the steady pins 2, 2, and rest upon
the cylinder board. E, and the upper ends of the spring e, e, bear: upwards
beneath the under sides of the slips of metal c, c, which extend all across under-
neath the teasle board, as before mentioned. See the dotted lines in the Plan,
Figure 2. Hence the elasticity of the springs e, e, tends to elevate the teasle
board F, or to move it about its hinges a, a, so as to press it outwards from
the axis or centre of the barrel; or, in. other words, the springs e, e, resist the
approach of the teasle board towards the axis of the cylinder. The springs e, e,
may be regulated so as to act with more force to press the teasle board F out-
ward from the axis of the barrel, by applying. one or more washers (or small
round. flat pieces of metal, having holes through their centre (see Figure 4)
between the springs e, e, and the cylinder.board E, the said washers being
dropped over the pins 2, 2, before the springs e, e, are applied upon those pins.
h, Figure 1 and 2, is a stop screw, which is formed like the letter T, and serves
to catch into the edge of the teasle board in order to prevent its rising beyond
the required distance from the cylinder board E, and thus limit the action
wherewith the springs e, e, force the teasel board off from the cylinder board;
but the said stop screw h does not prevent the yielding of the teasel board
towards the cylinder board whenever the points of the teasels take too much
hold of the cloth. By screwing the top screw h deeper into the cylinder board,
or by screwing it out further therefrom, the position in which its tee head will
stop.the teasel board can be regulated;. and in like manner, when the tensel
board is removed, either one or both of the screws a, a, can be screwed in or

page_text: out of the cylinder board in order to adjust the position of the teasel board, so
that the hooks of the teasles will stand at such a distance from the axis of the
cylinder in respect to the rollers L, L, (or the bearing rails or perches which may
.be used in place thereof) as may be found necessary to allow. the points of-the
teasels to act sufficiently on the cloth, and no more; and yet if, by any acci-
,dent, the points of the teasels should incline to operate too powerfully, the
teasel boards will retreat by the yielding of the springs e, e, so as to avoid
doing injury to the cloth. The stop screw h is retained from turning round
of itself by a small wire spring l, which catches into a notch cut in either end
of the tee head h. When it.is' necessary to remove the teasel board from the
cylinder board the tee head h, must be turned round a quarter of a turn, and
will then release that edge of the teasel board to which it applied. The
teasel board may then be turned on its hinges a, a, till it rides clear of. the
steady.pins 2, 2, after which the teasel. board may be moved endways, so, as to
withdraw its hooks b, b, out of the holes through the heads of the screws a,-a,
'whereby the teasel board becomes quite detached from the barrel. The teasels
or handles are fastened to the teasel board in the manner usually practised in
gig mills which operate with teasels. to dress woollen cloths, that is to say, a
number of teasels are tied up in a handle, composed of a spear 4, which has
.two slender sticks or cheeks 5 inserted through it near.one of its ends. Those
cheeks are sufficiently near together to hold the stems of the teasels fast
between them, the ends of the cheeks 5 being tied fast together by strings,
which also pass through a hole near the end of the spear, whereby they
.encompass the outsides of the teasels. The strings catch in between the
-hooks of the teasels, and, being tied very tight, they bind the teasels fast
in their handle or frame 4, 5. The handle 4, 5, is fastened to the teasel
'board in the usual manner, by inserting one end of the spear 4 under a
stable m, and the opposite end of the spear 4 is held by a small clasp hook
fastened to the end of a spring, which is fastened to the under side of the teasel
board F, as is usually practised. The elasticity of that spring tends to draw the
clasp hook downwards, and keeps the spear 4 firmly in contact with the teasel
rboard when the clasp hook is turned so as to catch the end of the spear, as is
usually practised.
Having now described my said Invention, and, the mode of applying it to
*use, I hereby declare that I confine my claim of Invention to the particular
mode, herein-before described, of "attaching and applying the teasel boards F
upon the cylinder boards E with springs, which will permit the teasel boards
to yield when the points of the teasels take too much hold of the cloth, the
said mode affording the means of adjusting the positions of the teazle boards,

page_text: so as to allow the points of the teasles to take as much hold of the cloth as
may be required, and no more.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Clisild Daniell, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty.