IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FOLDING PRINTED SHEETS OF PAPER, AND FOR CUTTING AND FOLDING PRINTED SHEETS OF PAPER AS THEY ISSUE FROM THE PRINTING MACHINE
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office of
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane. in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FOLDING
PRINTED SHEETS OF PAPER, AND FOR CUTTING AND FOLDING PRINTED SHEETS
OF PAPER AS THEY ISSUE FROM THE PRINTING MACHINE."-A communication
from abroad by Richard March Hoe, of the City of New York, in
the United States of America.
Sealed the 3rd May 1870, and dated the 11th December 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 11th December 1869.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FOLDING PRINTED
SHEETS OF PAPER AND FOR CUTTING AND FOLDING PRINTED SHEETS OF PAPER AS
THEY ISSUE FROM THE PRINTING MACHINE," to be as follows:-
The improved apparatus for folding printed sheets of paper and for
cutting and folding printed sheets is intended to be attached to a
[Price 8d.1

page_text: therefrom.
The first improvement consists of an arrangement of apparatus for
cutting in two halves and folding a double sheet. The sheets on issuing
from the machine printed on both sides are received by a self-acting
sheet flyer, which deposits them on the fly board as usual. The sheet
flyer is then raised sufficiently high to be out of the way, and a folding
knife or thin edged blade of steel (mounted on a rocking frame at the
opposite side of the fly board) descends and pushes the centre of the
double sheet between a pair of folding or nipping rollers. The fly board
is divided into two equal parts, which are separated so as to leave an
opening for the passage of the folded sheet to rollers mounted in
bearings beneath. One of the pair of rollers is driven from the main
shaft by a band, and the other receives an endway elastic motion to keep
the peripheries of the rollers tightly pressed together. This latter roller
at about the centre of its length has a narrow groove, in which the
periphery of a circular cutter runs. In its passage through and out of
this apparatus the double sheet will be separated by the circular cutter
and each half folded once, it may then be again folded. While the first
side of the sheets is being printed in a single cylinder printing machine
the folding apparatus is to be thrown out of action, the folding knife
remaining stationary, and the fly board lowered at one end by means of
cam shaped levers on which it is supported, so that a pile of sheets may
be deposited thereon. When the second side of the sheets is to be
printed the fly board may be raised and the folding machine brought
into operation. The folding knife in place of being mounted on a frame
separately operated, as above described, may be fixed horizontally in
sections (so as to allow of the passage of the vertical carrying tapes)
across the face of the sheet flyer. These sections of the folding knife
may be hinged to the flyer so as to be capable of folding flat to the face
of the flyer whilst the first sides of the sheets are being printed and the
flyer is being used in the ordinary manner. For folding a whole sheet
the folding knife may be attached to the flyer in a vertical position, the
slot in the fly board, and the folding apparatus being suitably arranged
the sheet will then be folded at right angles to the former fold.
In perfecting machines the sheets are brought in succession in front
of the folding rollers by means of guide tapes, and when one end of the
perfected sheet has arrived at a suitable distance beyond the folding

page_text: to advance from behind the guide tapes (notches being cut out of its
edge to clear the tapes) which strikes the sheet at its centre line and
pushes or inserts it between the first pair of folding rollers. A blast
of air may be substituted for the folding knife. A blast pipe carrying a
suitably shaped nozzle capable of being opened and closed at the proper
time is placed exactly opposite to the folding rollers. The guide tapes
bring the sheets between the nozzle and the folding rollers, and the blast
carries the sheets between the rollers. It will be obvious that the means
first described of cutting the sheets in halves may be readily adapted to
any of the above modifications.
The second part of the Invention relates to apparatus for cutting
and folding sheets that have been printed on both sides in a perfecting
machine from a continuous roll, but which may be also used for
folding sheets that have been printed separately. The printed roll of
paper is led to and passed between a pair of cutting and measuring
cylinders, one of which is furnished throughout its length with a cutter
projecting beyond its periphery (except where the guide tapes intervene).
The other cylinder is provided with a recess to receive the edge of the
knife; after the passage of a length of paper between the cylinder equal
to its circumferential length the paper will have been partially severed
from the roll. The sheet is then passed between guide tapes a suitable
distance between a pair of rollers; one of these rollers suspended from
a rocking lever is then moved into contact with the other roller, so that
it may nip or hold tightly the sheet, and their peripheries being driven
at a greater speed than the cutting cylinders the sheet will be separated
from the roll; the sheet is then carried by the guide tapes to a duplicate
folding apparatus. This apparatus consists of two pairs of folding
rollers, between which a folding knife is vibrated, the knife being
mounted on one end of a bell crank lever, and operated by a connecting
rod from a grooved cam carried by a shaft, which is driven by spur
gear from the axle of the cutting rollers. A moveable guard point or
switch is thrown against either of the upper rollers of each set of folding
rollers. By this means the sheets will be deflected alternately to one.
or other of the folding apparatus, and having passed down a sufficient
distance will be struck by the vibrating folding knife and carried in
between the first pair of folding rollers, and will be afterwards again
folded in a similar manner.

page_text: As a modification a hollow pendulous guide formed of sheet iron may
be substituted for the guard or switch above described. The sheet in
passing through this guide is held close to either set of folding rollers
alternately in a convenient position for the vibrating folding knife to act
upon it. The same object may be attained by the employment of fixed
sheet iron guides in combination with the above described guard point
or switch. For alternately folding a sheet and delivering a sheet
unfolded the guard point or switch and the folding knife may be some-
what modified, the guard point being brought to a thin edge on one
side and curved towards the folding rollers, and the knife instead of
being double edged has a thick back, which is also curved, so that the
edge of every alternate sheet will be deflected towards the rollers and
pass out unfolded.
In place of partial severance of the continuous roll of paper the sheet
may be entirely cut from the roll, the edge stripped from the cutting
cylinder, and directed into the folding apparatus by means of revolving
circular brushes; or revolving fans may be employed for the same
purpose. The hollow sheet iron guide may be mounted on a central
line between the duplicate folding apparatus and in close proximity with
the peripheries of the cutting rollers, and used in substitution or in aid
of the guide tapes above described; and in place of the vibrating folding
knife a blast of air may be employed to insert the sheet between the
folding rollers, as in the former instance.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 11th June 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Edward Newton, Her special licence
that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators,

page_text: and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Edward Newton, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR FOLDING PRINTED SHEETS OF PAPER AND FOR CUTTING AND FOLDING
PRINTED SHEETS OF PAPER AS THEY ISSUE FROM THE PRINTING MACHINE," being.
a communication to me from Richard March Hoe, of the City of New
York, in the United States of America, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is
to say)
This Invention of improved apparatus for folding printed sheets of
paper and for cutting and folding printed sheets is intended to be
attached to a printing machine, so that the sheets may be folded as they
issue therefrom, and consists of various improvements upon an Invention
for which I obtained Letters Patent bearing date Seventh June One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, No. 1762.
The first improvement consists of an arrangement of apparatus for
cutting in two halves and folding a double sheet. The sheets on issuing
from the machine printed on both sides are received by a self-acting
sheet flyer, which deposits them on the fly board us usual. The sheet '
flyer is then raised sufficiently high to be out of the way, and a folding
knife or thin edged blade of steel (mounted on a rocking frame at the
opposite side of the fly board) descends and pushes the centre of the
double sheet between a pair of folding or nipping rollers. The fly board
is divide.l into two equal parts, which are separated so as leave an

page_text: opening for the passage of the folded sheet to rollers mounted in bearings
beneath. One of the pair of rollers is driven from the main shaft by a.
band, and the other receives an endway elastic motion to keep the.
periphery of the rollers tightly pressed together. This latter roller at
about the centre of its length. has a narrow groove, in which the
periphery of a circular cutter runs In its passage through and out of
this apparatus the double sheet will be separated by the circular cutter
and each half folded once, it may then be again folded. While the
first side of the sheets is being printed in a single cylinder printing
machine the folding apparatus is to be thrown out of action, the folding
knife remaining stationary, and the fly board lowered at one end by
means of cam shaped levers, on which it is supported, so that a pile of
sheets may be deposited thereon. When the second side of the sheets
is to be printed the fly board may be raised, and the folding machine
brought into operation, so that as the sheets are perfected they may be
properly folded. The folding knife in place of being mounted on a
frame (separately operated, as above described,) may be fixed horizontally
in sections, so as to allow of the passage of the vertical carrying tapes
across the face of the sheet flyer tapes. These sections of the folding
knife may be hinged to the flyer, so as to be capable of folding flat to
the face of the flyer whilst the first sides of the sheets are being printed
and the flyer is being used in the ordinary manner. For folding a
whole sheet the folding knife may be attached to the flyer in a vertical
position, the slot in the fly board, and (the folding apparatus being
suitably arranged) the sheet will then be folded at right angles to the
former fold.
In perfecting machines the sheets are brought in succession in front
of the folding rollers by means of guide tapes, and when one end of
the perfected sheet has arrived at a suitable distance beyond the folding
rollers, so as to bring its centre line opposite to them, a knife is caused
to advance from behind the guide tapes (notches being cut out of its
edge to clear the tapes). This knife strikes the sheet at its centre line
and pushes or inserts it between the first pair of folding rollers. A blast
of air may be substituted for the folding knife to force the sheet between
the folding rollers. To this end a blast pipe carrying a suitable shaped
nozzle capable of being opened and closed at the proper time is placed
exactly opposite to the folding rollers. The guide tapes bring the sheets
between the nozzle and the folding rollers, and the blast carries the

page_text: centre part of the sheets between the rollers. It will be obvious that
the means first described of cutting the sheets in halves may be readily
adapted to any of the above modifications.
The second part of the Invention relates to apparatus for cutting and
folding sheets that have been printed on both sides in a perfecting
machine from a continuous roll. This apparatus may be also used for
folding sheets that have been printed separately. The printed roll of
paper is led to and is passed between a pair of cutting and measuring
cylinders, one of which is furnished throughout its length with a cutter
projecting beyond its periphery (except where the guide tapes intervene).
The other cylinder is provided with a recess to receive the edge of the
knife. After the passage of a length of paper between the cylinder
equal to its circumferential length, the paper will have been partially
severed from the roll by this projecting cutter. The sheet is then
passed between guide tapes between a pair of rollers to a suitable
distance. One of these rollers (suspended from a rocking lever) is then
moved into contact with the other roller, so that it may nip or hold
tightly the sheet, and as the peripheries of these rollers are driven at a
greater speed than the cutting cylinders the sheet will be separated from
the roll. The sheet is then carried by the guide tapes to a duplicate
folding apparatus, which consists of two pairs of folding rollers, between
which a folding knife is vibrated, the knife being mounted on one end
of a bell crank lever and operated by a counccting rod from a grooved
cam carried by a shaft which is driven by spur gear from the axle of
the cutting rollers. A moveable guard point or switch is thrown
against either of the upper rollers of each set of folding rollers. By this
means the sheets will be deflected alternately to one or other of the
folding apparatus, and having passed down a sufficient distance will be
struck by the vibrating folding knife and carried in between the first
pair of folding rollers, and will be afterwards again folded in a similar
manner. For the next sheet the folding knife will vibrate in the
opposite direction and will push the sheet. between the second pair of
folding rollers.
As a modification a hollow pendulous guide formed of sheet iron may
be substituted for the guard or switch above described. The sheet in
passing this guide is held close to either set of folding rollers alternately
in a convenient position for the vibrating folding knife to act upon it.
The same object may be attained by the employment of fixed sheet iron

page_text: guides in combination with the above described guard point or switch.
For alternately folding a sheet and delivering a sheet unfolded the guard
point or switch and the folding knife may be somewhat modified, the
guard point being brought to a thin edge on one side and curved towards
the folding rollers, and the knife instead of being double edged hus a
thick back which is also curved, so that the edge of every alternate
sheet will be deflected towards the rollers and pass out unfolded.
In place of partial severance of the continuous roll of paper the sheet
may be entirely cut from the roll, the edge stripped from the cutting
cylinder and directed into the folding apparatus by means of revolving
circular brushes; or revolving fans may be employed for the same
purpose. The hollow sheet iron guide may be mounted on a central
line between the duplicate folding apparatus and in close proximity
with the peripheries of the cutting rollers, and used in substitution
or in aid of the guide tapes above described and in place of the vibrating
folding knife. A blast of air may be employed to insert the sheet
between the folding rollers, as in the former instance.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1, Sheet 1., is a side elevation of
part of printing and folding machine arranged for cutting in two halves
and folding a double sheet; Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same; and
Figures 3 and 4 show details of the cutting apparatus. The self-acting
sheet flyer E of the printing machine is operated as usual by the cam M
through the connecting rod R and arm or lever O. The sheets are carried
by the guide tapes t, t, and are delivered from between the pullies U and
roller. V on to the sheet flyer, which deposits them on to the fly board C in
the usual manner. While the first sides of the sheets are being printed
the folding machine is out of action, and the folding knife K on the
arms L is held stationary in the position shewn by dotted lines, so as to
permit the sheet flyer to vibrate up and down and deposit the sheets on
the table in the ordinary manner. The curved levers or excentrics D
upon which one end of the fly board Crests, are turned on their centres,
so as to allow that end of the board to drop sufficiently low to receive a
pile of sheets from the fly frame E. When the second sides of the
sheets are to be printed the folding machine is put in operation, and the
fly board C is raised to a level position. As soon as a sheet is deposited
on the fly board C and the sheet flyer E has been raised sufficiently high
the cam N through the connecting rod Q, crank arm P, shaft G, and
arms L causes the folding knife K to descend and inserts the centre of

page_text: the sheet between the first pair of folding rollers A and B. The roller B
has a narrow groove cut into it in the centre of its length, and into this
groove the circular saw or cutter F runs, as seen in the detached views,
Figures 3 and 4. This saw F is fixed on the shaft S and is driven by a
toothed wheel on the axle of the roller A through the intermediate
wheel H, so that its periphery runs in the same direction as the sheet,
but at a greater speed, and thus cuts the sheets in two. Each half
sheet is then farther folded in the usual manner.
Figures 5 and 6, Sheet II., are front and side elevations of a
modification of the apparatus just described, and is intended for cutting
in two halves and folding a double sheet. In this arrangement the
folding knife K is fixed in parts or sections on the sheet flyer E, instead
of being supported and worked by arms and crank as in the former
instance. The folding knife K may be hinged to fold flat upon sheet
flyer E while the first sides of sheets are being printed, or a sheet flyer
without the knife K may be substituted for the one shewn.
Fig. 7, Sheet II., is a side elevation, and Fig. 8 a front elevation of
another modification, and is intended for holding a whole sheet, the first
fold being made at a right angle to that made by the apparatus shewn
in the former Figures. The folding knife K is here also fixed to the
sheet flyer E, but at a right angle to that shewn in the former Figures
and may be hinged to fold flat upon the sheet flyer E while the first
sides of the sheets are being printed, or a sheet flyer without knife may
be substituted.
Fig. 9, Sheet III., is a side elevation, and Fig. 10 a front elevation of
an arrangement of apparatus for folding sheets that have been printed
on both sides before leaving the printing machine to which no sheet
flyer is attached.
Fig. 11 represents the folding knife K detached and cut away to admit
the guide tapes. A and B are the first pair of rollers of the folding
machine; K is the folding knife supported by the levers L, and operated
by the cam C and lever D. As this knife is cut away in several places
to clear tapes, as shewn in Fig. 11, it may be moved forward so as to
project beyond the guide tapes s, s, and t, t, whereby the printed sheet
s carried down from the printing machine, and is guided between the
apes s, s, t, t, to the proper distance beyond the folding rollers A and B,
when the knife K moves suddenly forward and inserts the sheet between
he folding rollers A, B, and returns to its former position, leaving the

page_text: rollers A and B to double up the sheet and discharge it in a horizontal
position.
Fig. 12 is a modification of the arrangement just described. In this
instance a blast of air is used instead of a folding knife. A and B are
the first pair of rollers of the folding machine; C is the blast pipe pro-
vided with a nozzle capable of being opened or closed at the proper time
for blowing the sheet between the folding rollers A, B. The blast pipe
or nozzle C is adapted to an air cylinder D, in which a piston at the end
of the rod D¹ is made to reciprocate by the gearing shewn in, the
Drawing, so as to create puffs of air at the proper time to blow, the
centre part of the sheet in between the folding rollers.
The various Figures in Sheet IV. represent different arrangements of
apparatus for cutting and folding sheets that have been printed on both
sides in a perfecting machine from a continuous roll. Similar arrange-
ments may however also be used for folding sheets that have been
printed separately.
In Fig. 13 A, A, are the first pair of folding rollers belonging to
machine No. 1; B, B, are the first pair of folding rollers belonging to
machine No. 2. The paper printed on both sides is led to the cutting and
measuring cylinders C and D of the printing machine by means of guide
tapes, one cylinder C being provided with a cutting blade E projecting
beyond its periphery (except where the guide tapes s intervene) in the
direction of the length of the cylinder, and the other cylinder D having
a straight narrow groove made therein to receive the edge of the knife E.
F, G, H, I, are rollers round which guide tapes s, s, pass, and which are
driven by these tapes. The rollers F, G, are suspended one on each end
of rocking levers L, and serve a double purpose, that of carrying the
guide tapes and separating the sheet from the roll in those parts in the
width of the sheet where the tapes on the cutting cylinders prevented
the cutter from taking effect. J, J, J, J, are directing rollers for the
guide tapes. K is the folding knife supported at each end in pendent
levers M, which are operated by the lever N and large cam O through
the intervention of the rod N¹; P is a vibrating guard or director to
direct the sheet to the pair of rollers by which it is to be folded. This
vibrating guard is operated by the lever Q and small cam R, which
communicates motion to the lever Q through the long rod Q¹. 8, s, and¸t, t,
are guide tapes for conveying the printed sheets. The printed paper is
drawn from the roll, and passes in the direction of the arrow between

page_text: the cutting cylinders C and D. The cutter or knife E divides the printed
sheet from the long roll across the width of the latter except in those
parts where the guide tapes s pass. The printed sheet passes between
the guide tapes 3, s, to a proper distance beyond the rollers G and I,
when as the roller G moves into contact with roller I, and their peri-
pheries being driven at a greater speed than the printed sheet is
travelling from the cutting cylinders C, D, above, the sheet will be
separated from the roll at a point S in its passage between the guide
tapes. The sheet is then carried by the guide tapes t, t, to the proper
distance beyond the folding rollers A, A, B, B, when the folding knife K
upon the levers M moves suddenly forward and creases the sheet, and
inserts it between the folding rollers A, A, No. 1, and returns backward
from rollers A, A, a short distance, and then remains stationary till the
proper time for folding the next sheet, which has to be done by the
opposite rollers B, B, No. 2. During the passage of the sheet between
the rollers A, A, the guard P is moved towards A, A, and the point of
the guard passes beyond the guide tapes t, t, as soon as the passage of
the sheet will permit. The proper interval between each sheet when it
arrives at the guard P is secured by the guide tapes t, t, being driven
faster than the sheet comes from the cutting cylinders. The next sheet
having passed to the proper distance between the guard P and the
rollers B, B, the folding proceeds in a similar manner in No. 2.
Fig. 14 represents a modification of Fig. 13, and has the advantage of
occupying less room. A, A, are the first pair of folding pullies of
machine No. 1; B, B, are the first pair of folding pullies of machine
No. 2; C, D, are the cutting cylinders provided with a knife or cutter
as in Fig. 13; E, F, are pullies for carrying the guide tapes t,t; G is a
pendulous vibrating guide made of sheet iron or other thin material, and
is operated by the lever H and small cam I with which it is connected
by the rod H; K is the vibrating folding knife supported at each end in
pendent levers J, and operated by the lever L. and large cam M; t, t, are
the guide tapes. The printed sheet having passed between the cutting
cylinders C, D, as in Fig. 13, is guided by the tapes into the pendulous
guide G, which is then in a position to conduct the printed matter clear
of the folding knife K, and to the proper position and distance for being
taken hold of and folded between the pullies A, A, No. 1. The knife K
then moves suddenly forward and creases the printed sheet, and inserts
it between the folding pullies A, A. The sheet is separated from the

page_text: roll at those parts which are not divided by the cutting cylinders by the
periphery of the folding pullies A, A, B, B, being driven faster than the
printed paper comes from the cutting cylinders. The knife K having
inserted the sheet between the pullies or rollers returns backward
from A, A, a short distance, and is stationary till the proper time for
the next sheet, which will be folded in No. 2. The sheet having passed
the guide G while the first fold was made in A, A, the guide G will
oscillate to a corresponding position for the opposite pair of rollers, and
at the proper time the knife K will crease and insert the next sheet
between the pullies B, B, No. 2.
Fig. 15 represents another modification of Fig. 13, and has also the
advantage of occupying less room. A, A, are the first pair of folding
rollers of machine No. 1; B, B, are the first pair of folding rollers of
machine No. 2; C, D, are the cutting cylinders provided with the knife
or cutter E, as in Fig. 13; E, F, are pullies for carrying guide tapes;
G, I, are guides of sheet iron or other thin material to guide the printed
paper after it has passed the guide tapes to the guard or director H, which
is made to occupy an alternate position immediately under either G or I,
and is operated by the lever N and small cam O, with which it is con-
nected by the rod N'; K is the folding knife supported by the vibrating
levers J, and operated by the lever L and large cam M; t, t, are the
guide tapes. The printed paper having passed between the cutting
cylinders C, D, is guided by the tapes t and the sheet iron guides G, I,
on to the guard H, which directs it to the pair of rollers A, A, No. 1.
When the paper is at the proper position and distance the knife K moves
suddenly forward and creases and inserts the printed sheet between the
rollers A, A, No. 1. The sheet is separated from the roll in those parts
which have not been divided by the cutting cylinders by the periphery
of the folding rollers A, A, B, B, being driven faster than the printed
paper comes from the cutting cylinders. The knife K having inserted
the sheet between the folding rollers returns backward from A, A, a
short distance, and remains stationary till the proper time for the next
sheet, which will be folded by B, B, No. 2. As soon as the passage of
the sheet between the rollers A, A, will permit the guard H is moved
towards A, A, till it is immediately under the guide I. The proper
interval between each sheet as it arrives at the guard H is secured by
the rate at which the folding rollers A, A, B, B, are driven. The printed
paper for the next sheet having passed to the proper distance between

page_text: the guard H and the rollers B, B, the folding proceeds in a similar
manner in No. 2.
Fig. 16 represents another modification made for the purpose of
alternately folding a sheet and delivering a sheet unfolded on the fly
board of the machine. In this arrangement only one folding machine
is used. A, A, are the first pair of rollers of the folding machine;
B, B, are the fly rollers for directing the sheet to the sheet flyer;
C, D), are cutting cylinders provided with a cutter, as in Fig. 18;
F, F, are pullies for carrying guide tapes; G, G, are guides of sheet
iron or other thin material; H is the guard or director, and is made so
that its upper end may pass through and be protected by guides G, G,
and is operated by the lever N and small cam 0; K is the vibrating
folding knife supported by the levers J, and operated by the lever L and
large cam M, as in the former instances; P is the sheet flyer; and t, t,
are the guide tapes. The printed paper having passed between the
cutting cylinders C, D, is guided by the tapes t, t, and guides G, G, on
to the guard H, which directs it between the fly rollers B, B, to the
sheet flyer F, by which it is carried or thrown on to the fly board. The
sheets are separated from the roll in those parts not divided by the
cutting cylinders C, D, by increasing the rate of speed at which both fly
and folding rollers are driven. The instant the passage of the sheet
through the fly rollers B, B, will permit the guard H changes its position
to a corresponding one on the opposite guide, the next sheet being
directed on the reverse side of the guard H, clear of the knife K, and to
the proper distance, when the knife K moves suddenly forward and
creases and inserts the sheet between the folding rollers A, A, and returns
to its former position. The guard H then returns to its first position,
and the next sheet is directed between the fly rollers B, B.
Fig. 17 represents another modification. In this arrangement the
sheet is entirely cut from the roll by the cutting cylinders C, D, as the
guide tapes do not pass round them. The sheet is directed into the
folding machine by the action of two revolving circular brushes A and B.
The guide tapes t, t, are placed at intervals in the length of the
brushes A, B. F, F, are also pullies for. guide tapes. As the sheet is
released from cutting cylinders C, D, it is brushed by the brushes A, B,
between the guide tapes t, t, the guide G conveying it alternately to the
folding rollers A, A, B, B, as before. The action of the folding knife K
is the same as in Fig. 14.

page_text: Fig. 18 is a modification of Fig. 17, two fans A and B being used
instead of the brushes to carry down the printed sheets to the tapes.
In Fig. 19 a blast of air is used to blow the sheet between the folding
rollers A, A, B, B. C, D, are the cutting cylinders; E is the blast pipe,
which is provided with a nozzle or slot (running the width of the sheet)
on each side of the blast pipe. Each nozzle is made to open or shut
alternately at the proper time by valves F, F, worked by the rods G, G,
from any convenient part of the mechanism of the machine.
Having now described the Invention of "Improved Apparatus for
Folding Printed Sheets of Paper and for Cutting and Folding Printed
Sheets of Paper as they Issue from the Printing Machine," and having
explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, as communicated
to me by my foreign correspondent, I claim,-
First. The arrangement and construction of apparatus herein shewn
and described for folding printed sheets, and the adaptation thereof to
printing machinery, as herein set forth.
Second. I claim the use of a folding knife acting alternately with a
sheet flyer, as shewn and described, and also forming the edge of the
folding knife, in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.
Third. I claim the adaptation of a folding knife to the sheet flyer, as
shewn and described. I also claim hinging the folding knife to a sheet
flyer, so that it may be turned back flat out of the way when not required
to enter the sheets into a folding machine.
Fourth. I further claim the use of a folding knife acting without the
intervention of a sheet flyer, as shown and described, and also forming
the edge of the folding knife, in the manner and for the purpose herein
set forth.
Fifth. I claim the application to a printing machine of two folding
machines, which act alternately in folding the sheets, as herein set forth.
Sixth. I claim forming the edge of the knife of the cutting cylinders
with notches or openings therein, so as to allow the passage around the
cutting cylinders of guide tapes to conduct the sheets to the folding
rollers, the slight connections thus left between the sheets being after-
ward torn apart by the increased speed of the folding rollers.
Seventh. I claim the use of the double acting folding knife, and also g
the use of the oscillating directing piece or guide for directing the sheet
towards either set of folding rollers, as shewn and described.

page_text: Eighth. I claim the use of a blast of air instead of a folding knife for
forcing the printed sheet between the folding rollers, as herein set forth.
Ninth. I claim the use of revolving brushes and also of a blast of air,
as herein set forth, for detaching or relieving the front edge of the sheets
from the cutting cylinders when they are entirely separated from each
other, and directing them into the guide tapes that lead to the folding
machine, as shewn and described.
Lastly. I claim the use of the revolving cutter for cutting the sheet
in two as it passes between the folding rollers, as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Tenth day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)