or Generators and for other Purposes.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 20th Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 6th Apr., 1888
or Generators and for other Purposes.
We, JAMES METCALFE, of 47 North Parade, Aberystwith, in the County of
Cardigan, Engineer, and EDWARD DAVIES of Plûs Dinam, Llandinam, in the
County of Montgomery, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention
to be as follows:-
In the specification of Letters Patent No. 316 A.D. 1880, granted to Edward
Davies (one of the present applicants) improvements are described in Injectors or
apparatus to be worked entirely by what is commonly understood as Exhaust steam
from a steam Engine or Engines (or by steam which has performed a previous use)
these improvements in Exhaust steam Injectors being made upon others for which
Letters Patent were granted to Edward Hamer, James Metcalfe and Edward Davies
Numbered 591 A.D. 1876 and 4014 A.D. 1877,-and in the said specification No. 316
of 1880, of the said Edward Davies, improvements are also described in what are
therein termed "supplementary" Injectors, namely, Injectors operated by "live
steam direct from a boiler, or steam at high pressure compared with what is commonly
understood as exhaust steam from a steam Engine or Engines (or steam that has
performed a previous use) such supplementary Injectors so operated being combined
with Injectors capable of being worked entirely by exhaust steam from a steam
Engine or Engines.
وو
The object of such supplementary Injector was to make an Injector worked by
exhaust steam capable of feeding steam boilers working at greater pressure than the
exhaust steam Injector was alone capable of supplying with feed water.
The Exhaust steam Injector described in the said specification of Edward Davies
No. 316 A.D. 1880, was automatic, that is, if the jet discharged was interrupted from
any cause, manipulation was not required to restart it to work, but it restarted
automatically as long as there was a supply of Exhaust steam and water.
But when the Exhaust steam Injector was combined with the supplementary
Injector the latter required to be manipulated, that is, the cocks or valves connected
with the overflow or outlet from the supplementary Injector and the supply of
"live" steam had to be opened and closed as required to restart the combined
Exhaust and supplementary injector after its jet had been interrupted.

page_text: The object of our present invention is to make combined exhaust steam and
supplementary "live" steam Injectors both automatically restarting in case the
discharged jet is interrupted as long as there is a proper supply of steam and water.
Our invention consists in forming an overflow opening by a gap, flap, nozzle,
sliding nozzle, hole or holes or slits or other equivalents, by preference between the
combining and discharging cones or nozzles of the supplementary injector, and in
closing such overflow outlet by any suitable valve or other suitable arrangement
which can open to allow the overflow to pass out, but which will close against the
passage in the contrary direction.
Such valves 'to close the overflow outlet to prevent ingress and to open freely to
allow egress are common in Injectors, but by our invention we load this valve by
a spring or weight or other means, our object being to prevent egress from the
overflow until the fluid has attained a given pressure and to keep the overflow
outlet closed even when there is no overflow of liquid from the jet when passing to
the boiler.
In some cases the overflow outlet is or may be closed by a valve connected with the
valve used for preventing the return of water fed to the boiler, so that when the latter
valve is closed the overflow outlet valve is opened and vice versa when the return
stop valve is open the overflow outlet valve is closed.
When our improvements are applied as above explained the discharged jet from the
Exhaust steam injector may pass directly to the supplementary Injector, but we
prefer to use a stop valve opening in the direction in which the jet from the exhaust
steam Injector passes, between the exhaust and supplementary Injectors to prevent the
passage of steam or fluid backwards to the exhaust steam Injector.
In some cases we also prefer to use a spring to assist in closing the said stop
valve.
Our improvement as above explained are applicable whether the steam supply to
the supplementary Injector is arranged to operate upon the exterior of the liquid jet
from the Exhaust steam Injector, or at its centre, and when surrounded by the
liquid jet.
Our improvements herein before explained are also applicable where two or more
supplementary injectors each having a separate supply of steam are combined with an
Exhaust steam Injector.
The jet from the first supplementary Injector is taken to the second and so on, if
more than two, and there is or may be a stop valve between the supplementary
injectors as hereinbefore explained, or the jet passes or may pass from one supple-
mentary injector to the other directly and without a stop valve between.
The steam is or may also in such case be central, or the water central as desired.
When one, or more than one supplementary Injector is used as above explained the
supply of steam is or may be taken for one or more of them from the steam passing
from one cylinder to another, in the case of compound steam Engines, where the
steam before it is finally exhausted passes through two or more cylinders.
Our invention further consists in making supplementary injectors with two or more
overflow outlets, and in taking both overflows to the same outlet which is closed by a
valve loaded to prevent escape except at a given pressure as herein before explained.
Or the overflows are kept separate and are closed by a separate valve loaded as
herein before described and as required.
We have hitherto only referred to Injectors capable of being worked by Exhaust
steam combined with supplementary steam Injectors, but our improvements in the
¡arrangement of the supplementary Injectors are useful for some purposes when
ordinary live steam injectors are used in place of Injectors designed to be worked
by exhaust steam alone, as in such cases, by our said improvements hotter water may
be fed to them than by ordinary arrangements of Injectors.

page_text: Improvements in injectors or Apparatus for Feeding Steam Boilers
or Generators and for other Purposes.
We JAMES METCALFE late of 47 now of 28 North Parade, Aberystwith, in the
County of Cardigan, Engineer, and EDWARD DAVIES of Plâs Dinam, Llandinam, in
the County of Montgomery, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
•
In the specification of Letters Patent No. 316 A.D. 1880 granted to Edward
Davies (one of the present applicants) improvements are described in Injectors
or apparatus to be worked entirely by what is commonly understood as Exhaust
steam from a steam Engine or Engines (or by steam which has performed a previous
use) these improvements in Exhaust steam Injectors being made upon others for which
Letters Patent were granted to Edward Hamer, James Metcalfe and Edward Davies
Numbered 591 A.D. 1876 and 4014 A.D. 1877 and in the said specification No. 316
of 1880 of the said Edward Davies improvements are also described in what are
therein termed supplementary Injectors, namely, Injectors operated by "live" steam
direct from a boiler, or steam at high pressure compared with what is commonly
understood as exhaust steam from a steam Engine or Engines (or steam that has
performed a previous use) such supplementary Injectors so operated being combined
with Injectors capable of being worked entirely by exhaust steam from a steam Engine
or Engines.
The object of such supplementary Injector was to make an Injector worked by
'Exhaust steam capable of feeding steam boilers working at greater pressure than the
exhaust steam Injector was alone capable of supplying with feed water.
The Exhaust steam Injector described in the said specification of Edward Davies
No. 316 A.D. 1880 was automatic, that is, if the jet discharged was interrupted from
any cause, manipulation was not required to restart it to work, but it restarted
automatically as long as there was a supply of Exhaust steam and water.
But when the Exhaust steam Injector was combined with the supplementary
Injector the latter required to be manipulated, that is, the cocks or valves connected.
with the overflow or outlet from the supplementary Injector and the supply of "live".
steam, had to be opened and closed, as required, to restart the combined Exhaust and
supplementary injector after its jet had been interrupted.
The object of our present invention is to make combined exhaust steam and
supplementary "live" steam Injectors both automatically restarting in case the dis-
charged jet is interrupted as long as there is a proper supply of steam and water.
The manner in which we carry out the object of our invention will be most readily
understood by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following explanation
thereof.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a combined exhaust steam Injector and double
supplementary live steam injector.
The exhaust Injector is of the ordinary and well known construction, and will be
2

page_text: understood by the following references.-a the casing of the Injector; a² junction for
exhaust steam; as branch for water; a branch for overflow; a branch for the
discharge of combined exhaust steam and water; d exhaust steam cone, d' solid cone
spindle, e combining cone, e¹ hinged flap, e² its joint or hinge, e³ projection to form a
stop to limit the movement of the flap, the receiving cone, f¹ screw to prevent the
part from unscrewing from the projection from the cone e, f2 slots in the lower
enlarged part from through which the fluid passes to the annular chamber between
the part and interior of the casing which chamber communicates with the discharge
or delivery branch a"; f³ screw plug, and g is a stop valve, inserted in the discharge
branch as, to which branch the casing b for the first supplementary live steam injector
is joined. is the receiving nozzle for fluid from the exhaust Injector, i the steam
and combining cone for the live steam, which is surrounded by the live steam
chamber.
is the overflow space between the live steam or combining cone and the dis-
charging cone ¹, 6 the overflow chamber, the outlet from which is closed by a
valve m weighted by a spring m¹ acting upon a piston plate m² connected with the
stem m³ the spring m abutting against a screw plug m³.
The valve m is weighted to keep it closed except when the pressure exceeds the
load fixed upon, when the fluid can escape through the valve and passage b³.
The load upon the valve m³ need not be more than sufficient to prevent the escape
of fluid when the jet is fully established and this load will depend upon the heat of
the jet.
Joined to the casing 6 of the first supplementary live steam injector there is a
casing 6x for another similar injector, and there is or may be a stop valve g¹ between
the first and second supplementary live steam injectors.
The live steam for both supplementary Injectors is supplied from one branch 62 on
the casing the passages and chambers in the injectors for live steam being also
marked 2. In some cases both steam nozzles for the supplementary injectors, are or
may be in the same casing.
In some cases one of the supplementary injectors is supplied with live steam direct
from the boiler, the other taking a part of the steam which has exhausted from the
cylinder or cylinders of a compound steam engine and is passing to the next cylinder.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of another modification of our invention applied to a
combined exhaust steam and supplementary Injector where the live steam is passed
into the centre of the exhaust steam cone d.
The exhaust steam part of the injector is the same as that shown in fig. 1 with the
following exceptions.
There is a short receiving nozzle f* formed in a part f* that screws into the
projection from the exhaust combining cone e.
Within a chamber in the part f' a receiving nozzle f is screwed.
Between the short nozzle fx and the end of the combining cone e there is the
ordinary overflow space, and between the short nozzle fx and the nozzle f there is
also an overflow space and each overflow space is surrounded by a chamber, and one
overflow chamber is separate from the other, except through the short nozzle fx which
is practically closed by the passing jet when it is established, leaving both overflow
chambers separate from each other.
The overflow chamber for the nozzle fhas slots f³ through which the fluid passes
into an annular chamber f which communicates by a passage with a casing on the
left side of fig. 2 having a loaded valve, as explained in reference to fig. 1.
The overflow chamber connected with the flap nozzle e¹, has a larger overflow
valve m (on the right of fig. 2) opened by a spring m* acting between the disc or
piston m² connected with the valve m³ and a midfeather in the casing for the valve, and
the valve m (on the right of fig. 2) is loaded when the jet is established and the
injector is properly at work, by a diaphragm m the margin of which is held between
a cover plate m* and the casing to which the cover plate is secured by screws.
The combined water and; steam from the nozzle fpasses out through slots f to an
annular chamber and then out at the discharge branch a³.

page_text: A pipe or passage m¹ is arranged to communicate between the annular chamber
connected with the slots and the cavity at the back of the diaphragm m so that the
pressure of the fluid delivered acts upon the diaphragm m to shut and keep the overflow
valve m³, on the right of fig. 2, closed when the injector is properly working, the
pressure of fluid acting to open the valve m³ being then the least, but when the jet fails
the pressure acting to open the valve m³ increases and that acting on the diaphragın m
to close it diminishes, or sinks to its lowest pressure, and the valve m³ (on the right
of fig. 2) thus opens freely.
The supplementary live steam is brought to the centre of the Exhaust steam nozzle
by a nozzle screwed into a branch for live steam in a casing a through which
exhaust steam passes to the nozzle d which exhaust steam can be regulated by an
ordinary throttle valve d².
The live steam supply through the passage 62 is constant when the injector is to be
worked.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a compound exhaust and double live steam
supplementary injector.
The exhaust steam part of the Injector is the same as that shown in fig. 1 with the
following exceptions. It has a live steam nozzle in the centre of the exhaust steam
cone d arranged as shown in fig. 2.
There is a passage 62 formed in the exhaust injector casing a which communicates
with the live steam nozzle in the centre of the Exhaust steam cone d, and with a
branch in the casing b for the second live steam injector having a contral live steam
nozzle also marked is screwed to it which delivers into a combining cone i, the two
nozzles and i being in a chamber, formed as shown, within the casing 6 for the
liquid from the injectors in the casing a.
is the discharging cone having the ordinary overflow
receiving and discharging cone i¹.
between it and the
The nozzle i has also other supplementary overflows i¹ and both overflows from i¹2
and enter the chamber 64 closed by a weighted valve m³, as explained in reference
to fig. 1.
gis a stop valve, ³ is the overflow outlet from the supplementary and 62 are the
live steam supply passages.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of a compound Exhaust steam and supplementary.
live steam injector with the live steam nozzle in the centre of the Exhaust steam
cone d.
This modification is like that shown in fig. 2, with the following exceptions-The
central nozzle is least in bore some distance from its discharging end and then
enlarges to its discharging end, this makes it very much more effective.
The overflows from the hinged flap nozzle e and that from the chamber fo are
separated as explained in reference to fig. 2 and the overflow passages communicate
with corresponding passages in a casing c, secured fluid tight to the casing a.
In the casing c there are two overflow valves one j for that from the hinged flap
cone e. and another for the fluid passing the valve j and also that passing from the
chamber f.
The valve can pass freely into the hole in the casing which it is to open and close
but need not fit perfectly fluid tight.
The other valve 2 is slightly coned so as to gradually close the opening in the
casing to which it is applied.
The valve j has wings to guide it in its movements but so as to allow the fluid to
pass when it is open.
When the spindle j³ is moved to shut the valves the valve j* shuts first, and lastly
the valve.
The valves will open by the pressure of the fluid, acting upon them outwardly, but
when the jet is fully established, the pressure of fluid from the chamber connected
with the slots f2 enters through the passage a³ to the back of the diaphragm n and
exceeds the. pressure tending to open the overflow valves when the injectors are
working properly When the jet fails; the pressure acting to open the valves j* and-jª
i

page_text: increases and that on the diaphragm n decreases or sinks to nothing and the valves
thus open and allow the fluid to pass from the two overflows.
In place of the bell mouthed live nozzle i³, fig. 4, in the centre of the Exhaust steam
cone & the nozzle is or may be arranged, as shown in fig. 5, a longitudinal section
with a central solid cone spindle a³ suspended in the nozzle i³, as shown, in fig. 5 and
by the cross section fig. 5ª at A-B fig. 5.-This solid cone spindle reduces the area
of the bore some distance back from the discharging end of the nozzle 2³ and then the
annular area enlarges to the discharging end of the nozzle i³.
Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section of another arrangement of nozzles which is or
may be substituted for that 3 shown in fig. 4, and that shown in fig. 5 and fig. 5ª—
Fig. 6 is similar to fig. 5, except that the central spindle is tubular; the annular area
is arranged to increase at the discharging end as in fig. 5, and the discharging end of
the tubular spindle d' is also made trumpet mouthed, as shown, and it is arranged to
extend into the exhaust combining cone e as illustrated by fig. 6.
The modification of nozzles illustrated by fig. 7, is also very effective, and this
arrangement of nozzles is or may be substituted for the nozzle 3 fig. 4, or used in
other combinations of Exhaust and supplementary live steam injectors where the
live steam is brought into the centre of the exhaust steam cone d with or without
a weighted overflow.
3 is a small trumpet mouthed live steam nozzle and it is arranged in the centre
of another nozzle screwed on to the same branch for live steam.
This second nozzle has slits in its sides so that some of the exhaust steam can
enter and mix with the live steam.
The bore of the nozzle it is parallel for a distance from its discharging end.
The action of the small central live steam jet is to draw in a part of the exhaust
steam, and the result is a more effective automatic Exhaust and live steam injector,
which will deliver its jet against a greater boiler pressure than a simple nozzle
in the exhaust steam cone d similar to that shown in fig. 3.
62
Instead of the nozzle fig. 7 there may be a nozzle 3 as in fig. 6 but shorter, and
with a central nozzle same as din fig. 6 but shorter but the nozzle d when so used is
screwed in steam tight and made to pass through the part for the live steam passage
so that a portion of the exhaust steam will pass from the casing a through the tube
and the jet of live steam will thus be annular, passing between the exterior of the
central tube and the interior of the nozzle 2³.
Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section of nozzles, which are or may be used in the
modification fig. 4 instead of the nozzle 3 there shown or in the centre of the Exhaust
steam cone of any other Exhaust steam and supplementary live steam injector with or
without a loaded overflow.
The modification shown by fig. 8 is similar to that shown by fig. 7 with the following
exceptions.
There is a long trumpet mouthed nozzle in place of the short nozzle fig. 7.
There is also the shell nozzle it as in fig. 7 having the slits in its sides; but in the
upper part of the nozzle there are a series of small holes & through its sides, to allow
live steam to pass through to a small annular space round the exterior of the nozzle i³,
which is formed between its exterior and the interior of a short nozzle 68 screwed to
the upper part of the exterior of the nozzle i³.
The annular jet of live steam thus escaping passes between the exterior of the
nozzle and the interior of the nozzle it and mixes with and assists to draw in the
exhaust steam passing through the slits 2³.
The nozzles extend into the exhaust combining cone as shown in fig. 8.
The combination of central live steam nozzles illustrated by fig. 8 is also very
effective in making an Exhaust steam and supplementary live steam injector with
loaded or closed overflow automatic, against high boiler pressures.
Fig. 9 is a longitudinal triple live steam injector for feeding very hot water, all the
live steam nozzles are central and have a constant supply of steam, as long as the
compound injector is to work.
The injector in casing a, is similar to the Exhaust injector shown in fig. 1 except

page_text: that the cone e has no hinged flap, and the injector in cases 6 and 6* are similar to
that shown in fig. 3 and have each a valve m³ to close the overflow outlet which is
loaded by a spring as in figs. 1 and 3.
The live steam first comes to the nozzle d and then by a passage marked b² in the side
of the casings a and b and 6×, passes to the steam nozzles of the other two injectors.
The terms "Exhaust steam" and "Exhaust steam Injector" and "live steam" and
Supplementary Injector have been used hereinbefore, and are used hereinafter in the
sense first herein defined.
We wish it to be understood that by the term "Exhaust steam Injector," we not
only include such injectors where the cone for combining the exhaust steam and
water is made with an hinged flap to allow a free outlet for fluid, in starting the
jet to work, but any self acting arrangements equivalent to the said hinge flap and
having the same object and function.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is,..
1. The combination of an Exhaust steam injector with two or more supplementary
live steam injectors each of the latter having a loaded valve on the overflow outlets,
the combined injectors being automatic, substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by fig. 1 of the drawings.
2. The combination of an Exhaust steam injector with two or more supplementary
live steam Injectors in the same casing the overflow outlets for the live steam injectors
being controlled by one loaded valve substantially as hereinbefore explained in
reference to fig. 1 of the drawings.
3. In Exhaust steam and supplementary live steam Injectors, the combination of
a central live steam nozzle 3 either plain, as shown in fig. 2 or with its delivery
end bell-mouthed, as shown in fig. 4, placed in the centre of the exhaust steam
nozzle, with the hinged flap combining nozzle or its automatic equivalent and with
two overflow outlets one closed and opened by a valve operated by a diaphragm and
the other controlled by a weighted valve, substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by fig. 2 of the drawings.
4. In Exhaust steam and supplementary live steam injectors, the controlling of the
overflow or starting valve m³ by a diaphragm, substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated by fig. 2, and also when two overflows are used the controlling of the
second overflow by a loaded valve substantially as hereinbefore described in reference
to fig. 2 of the drawings.
5. The combination and arrangement of automatic Exhaust steam and supple-
mentary live steam injectors, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated
by fig. 2 of the drawings.
6. The combination of Exhaust steam and double supplementary live steam Injectors,
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by fig. 3 of the drawings.
7. The combination of automatic Exhaust steam and supplementary live steam
injectors with a live steam central nozzle in the centre of the exhaust steam cone
the bore of the live steam nozzle being bell-mouthed as shown in fig. 4 and with
the hinged flap combining cone or its automatic equivalent, substantially as herein-
before described in reference to fig. 4 of the drawings.
8. The combination of Exhaust steam and supplementary live steam injectors with
a live steam central nozzle in the centre of the exhaust steam cone, the bore of
the live steam nozzle being either as shown in fig. 2, or bell-mouthed, as shown in
fig. 4, with the hinge flap combining cone, or its automatic equivalent, and with
two overflows the outlets from which, are each controlled by a separate valve both
operated by one diaphragm substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated
by fig. 4.
9. The combination and arrangement of automatic Exhaust steam and supple-
mentary Injectors substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by fig. 4 of
the drawings.

page_text: 10. In automatic exhaust steam and supplementary live steam injectors, the com-
binations and arrangements of live steam nozzles in the centre of the exhaust steam
cone substantially as hereinbefore described in reference to figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8 when
combined with the hinged flap combining cone or its automatic equivalent sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described in reference to fig. 4 of the drawings.
11. In automatic exhaust steam and supplementary live steam injectors, the com-
binations and arrangements of live steam nozzles in the centre of the exhaust steam
nozzle and combined with a hinged flap combining cone, or its automatic equivalent,
and with one or more overflows the outlets from which are controlled by loaded valves
or by valves operated by a diaphragm, substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8, and also as described in reference to fig. 4 of the
drawings.
12. The combination of two or more live steam injectors substantially as herein
before described and illustrated by fig. 9 of the drawings.