Improvements in Means for Starting, Explosion Engines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Nov., 1895 Accepted, 14th Dec.,. 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. :
Improvements in Means for Starting, Explosion Engines.,
I WILLIAM HENRY GREEN of 19 Bruce Street, Northampton in the County
of Northamptonshire Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement':-
This invention refers to the construction and working of that class of apparatus
known as self starters for explosive engines referring generally to those class of
engines operated by the explosion of oil vapour and air but more particularly to
engines worked by the explosion of gas and air.
This invention consists substantially in improvements, to the starter, invented by
the present applicant and described in Specification of Patent No. 11493 of 1895.
The improvements applicable to gas, motor engines are viz..
1. An improved means for applying an inflammable spirit or oil into the explosion
chamber of the cylinder the explosive force of which on mixing with a proper
proportion of air is sufficient to impart to the engine an initial velocity and the,
flywheel a momentum to overcome the full compression in the cylinder on the
return or compression stroke and thereby doing away with starting and balf
compression cams.
2. Employing a pump attachment to the starter the combination and arrangement
making the use of additional connections into the cylinder unnecessary...
3. The means which enable, the engine to be started from a state of rest without
giving several turns of the flywheel.
Ou a platform forming a portion of the starter I fix a small cup of sufficient
strength to withstand the explosive force generated in the cylinder; within this
cup I put a small quantity or about a teaspoonful of benzoline or naptha or any
inflammable spirit or oil a suitable valve is then opened which allows this spirit or
oil to run through the starter into the cylinder, a few strokes of the pump then
allows a proper quantity of air to enter the cylinder and to be slightly compressed
not sufficient however to move the engine from a state of rest, a light is then
applied to the nozzle of the hollow spindle of the starter directly after the spring
lover permits it to fall, the normal pressure exerted on this lever..is sufficient to
keep the valve or hollow spindle from lifting with a few pounds compression in the
cylinder; on applying the light as above the charge of spirit and compressed air
in the cylinder ignites and causes an explosion the force of which immediately lifts
the hollow spindle and closes the communication to the cylinder.
When the charge is exhausted the spindle again falls automatically ready for, a
second explosion, but the engine having started the trigger lever is pulled over and
the connection remains closed and out of action.
I can apply my improved system of starting explosive engines as described in
Specification of Patent No. 11493 of 1895 to engines operated by oil vapour or by
weak gas similar to that commonly known as Dowson gas.
By mixing the spirit with the air in the afore mentioned manner I am able to,
get a sufficient explosive charge within the cylinder and so dispense with a hand
pump as generally used for getting up a compression in the, oylinder in order to
obtain an initial velocity; the small pump which I use in the present invention is
merely for getting a slight compression to the explosive charge before igniting.
I will now describe.my invention and how it may be carried into practice with
reference to the following drawings.

page_text: Fig. shows the apparatus on a small scalo as fitted to the 'cylinder of an
engine.
Fig. 2 is the full size elevation of the starting apparatus.
Fig. 3. a sectional elevation of same..
Fig. 4. plan of Fig. 2.
"
Firstly taking the engine as being at rest with the crank on the outward stroke
at an angle of about 45° as shown in Fig. 1. with all connections shut. I fill the
cup with benzoline, naptha or any other inflamable-spirit by unsorewing the cap 2,
this spirit percolates into the cylinder, the cap is screwed on again and the valve
shut down. I.can also use a tap or any suitable valve fitted into a bend which may
be fixed in place of the pipe 4. A coupling nut 5. connects the pipe 4 to the oil
cup 1-which is screwed into the platform 6 the other end of this pipe is screwed
into the flat of the hexagon or bottom portion of chamber. 7. Instead of having
the pipe 4 as shown with the spindle of the valve passing up through the lid I may
use a ball or a flap valve enclosed in any suitable valve box in the form of a bend
one end of which screws. into the starter and the upper end having the oil cup
screwed into it, this arrangement is shown in Fig. 5.
A recess is turned in the chamber 7 and 8 and the bracket fitted on and
screwed either' by a set screw 10 shown in Fig. 2 or the platform may be in the
form of a hinged strap so as to readily disconnect from the chamber7 or a thread
may be chased on the said chamber 7 and the platform screwed on to it. At the
other end of this platform the pump 11 is supported which if necessary I can work
horizontally instead of vertically in which case I make the portion of the bracket
which supports the pump to be over at right angles. The bottom portion of the
body of the pump has a screw thread on to which is screwed the cap 12 this cap.
besides securely holding 'the pump to the platform or bracket also forms a
chamber 13. Into this chamber is screwed the air pipe 14 the other end of which
screws into the hexagon flat. 15 the hole of which is screwed 'right through into the
passage way 16'so as to allow of the pipe being screwed sufficiently far in before
screwing the same into the pump end. At the bottom of the pump body are
delivery holes through which the air passes on the downward movement of the
plunger and past the valve 18 which is kept up to the face by a spring 19.
A similar valve with air suction 'holes is fixed and formed on the plunger 20 as
shown these valves I make of any suitable material. Air inlet holes 21, 22, are
let into the cap 23 of the 'pump. A few strokes of this pump is sufficient to obtain
the requisite compression of the explosive charge. On applying the light as before
stated the ignition then takes place and the engine starts off,
'
.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed; I declare that which I
claim.is:-
1. The combination of the pump, spirit holder, and hollow spindle by which the
charge of air and spirit enters the cylinder substantially as described.
2. The arrangement of the pump connection and valves and the combination
with the platform supporting the same.
3. The starting apparatus consisting of a tube or hollow spindle, the orifice of
which on a light being applied allows the flame to pass into the cylinder.
4. The combination of the aforementioned invention with the lever and trigger.
arrangement which puts the starting apparatus in or out of action, the whole
operating substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth and illustrated by
the accompanying drawings.
1
Dated this 5th day of November 1895.