A NEW OR IMPROVED APPLIANCE FOR READILY CONFINING OR SHUTTING OFF THE HEAT AT CERTAIN PERIODS OF THE INCUBATING PROCESS IN ARTIFICIAL HATCHING APPARATUS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to May Arnold of Whitethorns Acton in the County of
Middlesex, for an invention of " A NEW OR IMPROVED APPLIANCE FOR
READILY CONFINING OR SHUTTING OFF THE HEAT AT CERTAIN PERIODS OF
THE INCUBATING PROCESS IN ARTIFICIAL HATCHING APPARATUS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said May Arnold at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th March 1882.
MAY ARNOLD of Whitethorns Acton in the County of Middlesex A NEW
OR IMPROVED APPLIANCE FOR READILY CONFINING OR SHUTTING OFF THE HEAT
AT CERTAIN PERIODS OF THE INCUBATING PROCESS IN ARTIFICIAL HATCHING
APPARATUS
Whereas there exists a necessity in all artificial incubation for cooling the eggs
that are undergoing the process of such incubation at least twice in the day And
whereas the said necessity is met in all incubators at present existing either by
using a drawer as the egg receptacle and so pulling it out with its contents when
the eggs are required to be cooled or by throwing open the space containing the
eggs to the air thus exposing the heating tank which overhangs or surrounds such
space receiving eggs to be cooled by admission of air also by the above invention I
adapt a non-conducting slide to be used during the periods of cooling the eggs
only to the exact form of the tank in each case and insert it into the incubator so
as to press against the surface of the heated tank and so shut off or mask that
beat preventing it from escaping by contact with the outer air or otherwise I so
insert it during the periods of cooling or during periods when it may be required
to open the machines to examine the eggs that are hatching or at all times when
opening the machines would otherwise be exposing the surface of the heating tank
cause an objectionable loss of heat.
This slide or non-conducting mask may be formed of any non-conducting
material capable of being thinly woven or spread in a layer or sheet and all of
assuming any required Form. Thus Corticine wrapped in silk or asbestos packing

page_text: or in woollen or any woolly or cottony or fluffy material as asbestos, silicate cotton
or wool slag that can be cased between two casings of metal board or otherwise or
any material not sufficiently nonconducting in itself that can be spread with
nonconducting cement. This slide may even be more cheaply formed of wood or
cork only or of wood or cork wrapped in or lined with some other nonconducting
material providing that such slide or sliding lining be caused by running on a shelf
or otherwise to adhere closely to the heated surface of the tank belonging to the
incubator so that no air can find its way between the two surfaces.
This nonconducting slide will assume the form of a cylinder in some incubators
of an arch in others and of a plain oblong or square in others as it must confine
itself in all cases to the shape of the heating tank employed in the incubators to
which it is applied and be inserted between the tank and the eggs.
The said non-conducting slide or mask will also serve the reverse purpose of
keeping the eggs from feeling the heat of the tank so that they may be the better
cooled without removal from the space within under or over the heating tank
which they occupy as well as that of keeping the heated tank from cooling as
above described.
The nonremoval of the eggs from their receptacle during artificial incubation
and the non-removal of the said receptacle itself are points in the process of
artificial incubation which have great advantages tending to the perfection of the
Chickens hatched and these points are promoted by the above invention.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said May Arnold in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th
September 1882.
MAY ARNOLD of Whitethorns Acton in the County of Middlesex
" A NEW
OR IMPROVED APPLIANCE FOR READILY CONFINING OR SHUTTING OFF THE HEAT
AT CERTAIN PERIODS OF THE INCUBATING PROCESS IN ARTIFICIAL HATCHING
APPARATUS
"
Whereas there exists a necessity in all artificial incubation, for cooling the eggs
that are undergoing the process of such incubation at least twice in the day. And
whereas the said necessity is met in all incubators at present existing, either by
using a drawer as the egg receptacle and so pulling it out with its contents when
the eggs are required to be cooled or by throwing open the space containing the
eggs to the air thus exposing the heating tank which overhangs or surrounds such
space enclosing eggs to be cooled by admission of air also, by the above invention
I adapt a nonconducting slide to be used during the periods of cooling the eggs
only, to the exact form of the tank in each case and insert it into the incubator so
as to press against the surface of the heated tank and to shut off or mask that
heat, preventing it from escaping by contact with the outer air or otherwise I so
insert it during the period of cooling or during periods when it may be required to
open the machines to examine the eggs that are hatching, or at all times when
opening the machines, would otherwise by exposing the surface of the heated tank
cause an objectionable loss of heat.
This slide or non conducting mask may be formed of any nonconducting material
capable of being thinly woven or spread in a layer or sheet, and also of assuming
any required form. Thus corticine wrapped in silk or asbestos packing or in
woollen or any woolly or cottony or fluffy material as asbestos, silicate, cotton, or
wool slag that can be cased between two casings of metal, board or otherwise, or
any material not sufficiently non-conducting in itself that can be spread with
non-conducting cement or composition--This slide may even be more cheaply
formed of wood or cork only or plaited vegetable substance, or of wood or cork,
wrapped in or lined with some other nonconducting material, providing that such
slide or sliding lining, be caused by running on a duly placed shelf, or otherwise,
to adhere closely to the heated surface of the tank, belonging to the incubator so
that no air can find its way between the two surfaces.
This nonconducting slide will assume the form of a Cylinder in some incubators,
of an arch in others, and of a plain oblong, or square in others, as it must conform
itself in all cases to the shape of the heating tank employed in the incubator to
which it is applied, and be inserted between the tank and the eggs,
The said non conducting slide or mask will also serve the reverse purpose of
keeping the eggs from feeling the heat of the tank, so that they may be the
better cooled without removal from the space within, under, or over the heating
tank which they occupy, as well as that of keeping the heated tank from cooling
as above described.
The non-removal of the eggs from their receptacle during artificial incubation,
and the non-removal of the said receptacle itself, are points in the process of
artificial incubation which have great advantages tending to the perfection of the
chickens hatched, and these points are protected by the above invention.
In incubators not acting by a hot water tank or vessel, but by a fire, or lamp or
other burner, as their source of heat, I place my non-conductor as a screen
merely, at the periods stated, not conforming it necessarily to the shape of the
heater.

page_text: Having now fully described the nature of my Invention and the means by
which it is to be carried into effect, I wish it to be understood that what I
consider new and therefore secured to me by the above in part recited Letters
Patent is:-
:-
In an incubator the introduction and use of a moveable and adaptable non-
conductor, be the same slid, turned, folded, spread, or worked on a hinge,
intermediately between the eggs collected for incubation, and the source of heat
by which they are incubated, be the same hot water tank fire, lamp or other burner,
as and for the purposes herein before described.
In witness whereof I the said May Arnold have hereunto set my hand and
seal this sixteenth day of September in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.
MAY ARNOLD. (L.S.)