Improvements in Air and Gas Carburating Apparatus.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 24th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Mar., 1893-Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Air and Gas Carburating Apparatus.
We, SIEGFRIED MARCUS, Engineer and Inventor, and EUGEN FERDINAND
BOTHE, Mechanic, both of 37 Mariahilfer Strasse, in the City of Vienna, in the
Empire of Austria, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN AIR AND GAS CARBURATING APPARATUS," to be as follows:—
This invention relates to improvements in air and gas carburating apparatus.
It is well known that most of the air carburating apparatus consists of the
following three main parts:-The blower, the regulator and the carburator. The
subject matter of the present invention relates to improvements on the above
named three main parts. The known methods of producing the requisite current
of air consist generally of a water blower, that is, a drum with worm or spiral
wings which rotate in the water and alternately take up air and water or drive out
the same; or, of a rapidly rotating ventilator which of course requires to be
driven by motive power. For this purpose, 1 employ an original steam blower
consisting of the combination of a kind of injector with a steam condenser.
The steam blower forms a water receptacle or a small steam boiler, with gauge
glass, manometer, safety valve and outlet tuyère above which at a short distance a
tube is arranged through which the exhaust steam flows. In escaping, the exhaust
steam carries with it atmospheric air thus forming a compound of water and air,
which passes into the condenser which is preferably arranged in the interior of the
carburator which is provided with a water receptacle for this purpose. The steam
pipe is led through cooling water so that the vapour is condensed, and for this
purpose the pipe is coiled or made in serpentine form in order to attain the
necessary cooling surface.
The water of condensation drops into a vessel from whence it is periodically let
off by means of a cock or valve the air on the other hand being driven further so
that after passing the regulator the same will reach the carburator.
By arranging the condenser in the carburator the reduction of the temperature
produced by the evaporation of the volatile oil in the carburator is compensated
If less
for by warmth being given free during the condensation of the steam.
weight is laid on the uniformity of the carburating the condensation can be effected
outside the carburator.
The steam pipe runs through a special cooling water vessel beneath which a
vessel for receiving the water of condensation is arranged, which can be let off by
means of a cock.
In order to compensate for trifling inequalities in the tension of the current of
air so produced, the same enters the peculiarly constructed regulator which can be
applied to like good effect for air and gas.
There are several modifications of carrying out our said invention possibly all
these modifications depending on the function of a readily movable cock which
according to the decreased or increased degree of tension of the air current will be
automatically mere or less closed or opened.
All apparatus are so arranged that the air current is first let through a cock before
it reaches the closed regulator space. Into the bottom of the fluid receptacle two
tubes are inserted. Above the same is a bell or ball which swims in the fluid in
the receptacle, and is loaded with suitable weights. A rod is connected to and
runs through the bell or ball, and operates with its upper eud against a cock lever
to which it is loosely connected or articulated. If a current of air is led under
|varying pressure through the cock and tube into the interior of the swimming bell

page_text: or ball, the latter with the load will be lifted and the fluid in like degree pressed
downwards, whereby the degree of tension of the gas or air in the bell is shown
by the level of the fluid in the outer and inner vessel. It will be evident that in
the same measure as the pressure in the bell increases, the latter will be lifted and
the outlet area of the cock which is connected to the lever will be decreased and
consequently offer a correspondingly greater resistance to the further influx of the
gas. The weight of the bell and its load gives the pressure to which the gas or
air flowing through the same is subjected. The regulating cock may be arranged
beneath the bell in a space perfectly cut off from the fluid by means of a bottom
or partition, although the same communicates by means of an open pipe or tube
with the interior of the hell which swims in the fluid in the vessel or receptacle.
In this construction of the regulator, a rod is connected to the end of the cock
lever, and is provided at its upper end with a plate. A tube runs through the apex
of the bell, the lower opening of which after introducing the plate, is closed by an
annularly perforated disc through the boring of which the rod can freely move.
The operation of the regulator differs only in so far from the aforedescribed as it
relates to the operation of the regulating cock.
If a current of air is introduced through the supply pipe, the same passes the
cock, flows into the bell, lifts the same and also the load and tube until the guide
ring of the tube strikes the disc carrying the same with the red, and in this manner
as above described changes the position of the cock, and the area of the opening
in the same.
In this construction the pressure of the enclosed gas is adjusted by the weight
of the bell and its load. Another arrangement differs from the aforedescribed
construction by the fluid receptacle and the bell being replaced by a bellows
through the bottom of which both the feed pipe and outlet tube pass.
The current of air passing through the cock lifts, in flowing through the
bellows, the upper cover with its load, and decreases by means of a lever and cock
the opening in the same ratio as the pressure increases, whereas the bellows will
sink as soon as the pressure decreases, and operates consequently in precisely the
same manner as the regulators with fluid, is however much simpler without the
operation being in the least degree less accurate. The regulated current of air
now passes into the carburator consisting of a number of shallow, annular hollow
spaces, arranged one above the other and intercommunicating by means of tubes.
In the interior of the carburator is a further hollow space which extends beneath
the basis of the annular system, and serves to receive water for the purpose as
aforesaid.
All the annular hollow spaces are filled with capillary material preferably wood
wool.
The tubes reach somewhat beyond the centre of each annular body, in order that
when the carburator is charged with fluid hydrocarbon (benzine, gasoline,
ligroine etc.) each of the annular vessels will be charged to somewhat above the
half with the said hydrocarbon.
The hydrocarbon is filled into the upper vessel through an opening which is
closed by a screw, until it reaches the tube from whence the hydrocarbon flows
into the next vessel, and so on until the lower vessel is charged.
As soon as the apparatus is fully charged, fluid will drop from a vessel whereupon
the screw and the cock are closed.
Between the communicating tubes is a partition, which perfectly closes the
annular spaces on the one side. If air is now admitted through a tube into the
upper annular body the same must pass through the entire ring, and flows through
the first communicating tube into the vessel. The same now passes the second
tube, flows into the annular space, and so on through all the annular vessels.
From the foregoing it will be seen that the air has to travel a long distance
before it reaches the surface pipe.
The capillary material being fully saturated with petroleum, benzine etc., the air
passing through the same will become more and more saturated with the vapors

page_text: of these volatile hydrocarbons, until it is at last so thoroughly saturated that the
same can be used as light gas. If bellows or another blower is used for producing
the air current, the space in the interior of the carburator is preferably filled with
water in order to prevent any essential lowering of the temperature by the water
giving a part of its warmth to the carburator, thus preventing all considerable
reduction of the light.
Dated this 04th dow of Lum 1900
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Air and Gas Carburating Apparatus.
We, SIEGFRIED MARCUS, Engineer and Inventor, 37 Mariahilfer Strasse,
Vienna, Austria, and EUGEN FERDINAND BOTHE, Mechanic, 37 Mariahilfer
Strasse, Vienna, Austria, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in carbonizing (carburetting) apparatus
for air and gas.
It is well known, that most of the air carburating apparatus consist of the
following three main parts-the blower, the regulator and the carburator.
The subject matter of the present invention relates to improvements on the
above named three main parts.
The known methods of producing the requisite current of air generally consist
of a water blower, that is a drum with worm or spiral wings which rotate in water
and alternately take up air and water, or drive out the same; or, of a rapidly
rotating ventilator, which, of course, requires to be driven by motive power.
this purpose, we employ a peculiar steam blower consisting of the combination of a
kind of injector with a steam condenser.
For
Fig. 1 is a sectional front view of such steam blower and Fig. 1 is a modified
arrangement of same; a is a water receptacle or a small steam boiler with gauge
glass, manometer, safety valve and outlet tuyere ẞ, above which, at short distance,
a tube is arranged, through which the steam flows. In escaping, the steam
carries with it atmospheric air, thus forming a compound of steam and air, which
passes into the condenser, which is preferably arranged in the interior of the car-
burator, which is provided with a water receptacle 7 for this purpose.
represented in Fig. 1, the steam pipe is led through the cooling water so that the
steam is condensed, and, for this purpose, the pipe c is coiled or made in serpentine
form, in order to attain the necessary cooling surface.
As
The water of condensation drops into a vessel, from whence it is periodically
let off by means of a cock or valve 8, the air on the other hand free from water,
being carried on, so that, after passing the regulator, the same will reach the
carburator.
By arranging the condenser in the carburator, the reduction of the temperature
produced by the evaporation of the volatile oil in the carburator, is compensated
for by warmth being given free during the condensation of the steam.
In place of the above described water blower, bellows driven by clock work
(Fig. 2) can be used, and, in which in order to obtain a regular current of air, a
number of bellows (preferably four b, b, are used, being mounted underneath the
clockwork, and, by means of several small cranks (four) journaled on to the ends
of the pinions a, a', which are adjusted opposite to each other at the same angle.
The escape air from these bellows, which work alternately, finds its outlet in a
common canal e. If less weight is laid on the uniformity of the carburating, the
condensation can be effected outside the carburator as shewn in Fig. 1^.
The steam pipe e runs through a special cooling water vessel 7, beneath which a

page_text: vessel for receiving the water of condensation is arranged, which can be let off
by means of a cock.
In order to compensate for trifling inequalities in the tension of the current of
air, so produced, the same enters the peculiarly constructed regulator which can be
applied to like good effect for air and gas.
Three modifications of the improved device are represented in the Figures 3, 4
& 5. All three constructions depend on the function of a readily movable cock,
which, according to the decreased or increased degree of tension of the air current,
will be automatically more or less closed or opened. Figures 3 and 4 represent
All
regulators in which fluid is employed, Figure 5, à regulator without such fluid.
three apparatus are so arranged, that the air current is first led through a cock f
before it reaches the closed regulator space.
In Figure 3 the vessel h forms a fluid receptacle through the bottom of which
two tubes or pipes, ', run.
Above the same is a bell k, which swims in the fluid in the vessel and is loaded
with suitable weights l.
A. rod m is connected to the bell k and engages with its upper end the cock lever n
to which the same is loosely connected or articulated. If a current of air is led
under varying pressure through the cock fand tube i into the interior y of the
swimming bell k, the latter, with the load 1, will be lifted and the fluid in like
degree pressed downwards, whereby the degree of tension of the gas or air in the
It will be
bell is shown by the level of the fluid in the outer and inner vessel.
evident that in the same measure as the pressure in the bell k increases, the latter
will be lifted, and the outlet area of the cock f, which is connected to the lever n,
will be decreased, and consequently offer a correspondingly greater resistance to the
further influx of the gas.
The weight of the bell
and its load gives the pressure to which the gas or air
flowing through the same is subjected.
According to the modified construction shown in Figure 4, the regulating cock f
is arranged beneath the bell in a space perfectly cut off from the fluid by means
of a bottom or partition, although communicating by means of the open pipe or
tube with the interior g, of the bell k, which, as represented in Figure 3, swims in
the fluid in the vessel h.
In this construction of the regulator a rod m is connected to the end of the cock
lever n,
and is provided at its upper end with a plate m². A tube o is connected
with the bell k, the lower opening of which tube, after introducing the plate m² is
closed by an annular or perforated disc o, through which the rod m' can freely
move. The operation of the regulator differs only from the aforedescribed in the
operation of the regulating cock f.
r
If a current of air is introduced through the supply pipe the same passes the
cock blows through the space y and tube 2 into the bell h, lifts the same and also
the tube o until the guide ring of the tube o strikes the disc m², carrying the same
with the rod m', and thus changes the position of the cock and the area of the
opening in the same.
In this construction the pressure of the enclosed gas is adjusted by the weight of
the bell and its load.
The arrangement represented in Figure 5 differs from the aforedescribed
construction by the fluid receptacle and the bell being replaced by a bellows A,
through the bottom of which both the fluid pipe i and outlet tube pass.
The current of air passing through the cock lifts, in flowing through the
bellows, the upper cover 2 with its load and decreases by means of a lever n and
cock the opening in the same ratio as the pressure increases, whereas the bellows
will sink as soon as the pressure decreases. The operation of this modification is
therefore precisely the same, as of the regulators with fluid, but it is much simpler
without the operation being in the least degree less accurate.
The regulator just described is used with the carburating apparatus as represented
in Fig. 1. The regulated current of air now passes into the carburator consisting,

page_text: as shown by Figs. 6, 7, 8, of a number of shallow, annular hollow spaces, p², p², p³
etc., arranged one above the other, & intercommunicating by means of the
tubes,,, etc. Within the carburator is a further hollow space 7 extending
at beneath the basis of the aunular system, and serving to receive water for the
purpose as aforenamed.
All the annular hollow spaces are filled with capillary material, preferably wood
wool.
As will be evident from the drawings, the tubes 1, 2, 3, etc. reach somewhat
beyond the centre of each annular body, in order that when the carburator is
charged with fluid hydrocarbon (benzine, gasoline, ligroine, etc.) each of the annular
vessels will be charged to somewhat above the half with the said hydrocarbon.
The hydrocarbon, is filled into the upper vessel p' through the openings, which
is closed by a screw plug until it reaches the tube, from whence the hydrocarbon
flows through the tube into the second vessel, until it reaches the tube when
it will overflow into the next vessel and so on until the lower vessel p, n, is
charged.
As soon as the apparatus is fully charged, fluid will drop from the drop cock t
into the vessel t', whereupon the screws is closed and also the cock t.
Between the communicating tubes, is a partition (Figs. 7, 8) which
perfectly closes the annular spaces on the one side. If air is now admitted through
a tube, into the upper annular body p, the same must pass through the entire ring
and flows through the communicating tube into the vessel p². The same now.
passes the second tube, flows into the annular space p³, and so on through all the
annular vessels.
From the foregoing it will be seen, that the air has to travel a long distance
before it reaches the service pipe i
The capillary material being fully saturated with petroleum, benzine, etc., the
air passing through the same will become more and more saturated with the
vapors of these volatile hydrocarbons, until it is at last so thoroughly saturated,
that the same can be used as light gas. If bellows or another blower is used
for producing the air current, the space in the interior of the carburator is
preferably filled with water in order to prevent any essential lowering of the
temperature by the water giving a part of its warmth to the carburator, thus
preventing all considerable reduction of the light.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
:―
1. An improved carburating apparatus for carburating atmospheric air or other
gases, with vapours of hydrocarbon consisting of the combination of a number
of annular vessels filled with capillary substances the central free space of such
vessels being filled with water for partially substituting the warmth withdrawn
from the carburating fluid by evaporation, substantially as described & shown in
the drawings.
2. In an improved carburating apparatus, the arrangement of a steam blower
consisting of an injector in combination with a condenser arranged within the
carburating apparatus, for the purpose of freeing the air current from water, as
far as possible, and utilizing the warmth set free when the steam is condensing
in the apparatus, substantially as described and shown in the drawings.
3. In an improved carburating apparatus, the arrangement of a regulating
device consisting of a cock operated by a bellows and easily moved, and mounted
in the service tube for air or gas, for the purpose of automatically increasing
or decreasing the free passage for such fluids according to the movement of the
bellows caused by the varying differences of pressure, substantially as described
and shown in the drawing.
4. In an improved carburating apparatus the further arrangement of a bellows,
blower consisting of a number of bellows alternately and within regular intervals

page_text: delivering the current of air to a common channel by which the air is led to the
regulating device and, carburating apparatus, substantially as described and shown
in the drawing.
Dated this 22nd day of March 1893.
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicants.