Apparatus for Effecting the Ventilation of Sewer Shafts and Buildings, also applicable for Increasing the Draught in Chimneys.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 14th July, 1891-Accepted, 5th Sept.,
1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Effecting the Ventilation of Sewer Shafts and
Buildings, also applicable for Increasing the Draught in
Chimneys.
I, WILLIAM HENRY MANSBRIDGE of No. 140 High Street Barnet in the
County of Herts, Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has mainly for its object to produce an effective ventilation of sewer
shafts and buildings by the action of the wind. For this purpose I construct a
rotatable cowl, consisting of a cylindrical part adapted to revolve on rollers fitted
to the top of the ventilating shaft, and of a hood forming a continuation of such
cylindrical part, in which hood is mounted the horizontal axis of a vane wheel or
fan, the sides of the vanes of which fit as close as practical to two flat sides of the
hood, while the periphery of the wheel is enclosed by the hood in the following
manner.
On the one side of the periphery a passage extends from the cylindrical base up
to about the level of the axis of the wheel, or somewhat above it, at which point the
passage fits close against the periphery of the fan. Above this point an opening is
formed in the hood for the entrance of the wind, and diametrically opposite is a
second opening for the escape of the wind, the fan being at the other parts closely
surrounded by a cylindrical part of the hood.
On the side where the air outlet is
situated a flat vane projects horizontally to such a distance as to insure that the
cowl will always be kept by the wind in the position with the inlet opening
presented to it.
The action of this apparatus will be that the wind entering the hood will impart
more or less rapid rotation to the fan, the blades of which in passing in an upward
direction through the passage leading from the ventilating shaft, will effectually
draw the gases or foul air out of the same such gases or air being discharged through
the outlet which is presented away from the wind. Should there be little or no
wind, the ascending column of gases or air in the shaft will produce the rotation of
the fan so as to allow of the free discharge. It will be evident that the above
described apparátus may also be employed for increasing the draught in chimney
flues. In order to maintain the cowl in a freely rotatable condition upon the shaft
or chimney, I prefer to fit on the mouth of the latter a socket with an annular
groove in which are fitted antifriction rollers and which is filled with oil. The
cylindrical base of the cowl fits freely within the said socket and has an external
flange with a groove on its underside which fits over the groove of the socket, and
rests upon the antifriction rollers, which are thus entirely enclosed from the
atmosphere.
Dated this 20th day of October 1890.
ABEL & IMKAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Effecting the Ventilation of Sewer Shafts and
Buildings, also applicable for Increasing the Draught in
Chimneys.
I, WILLIAM HENRY MANSBRIDGE, of No. 140, High Street, Barnet, in the
County of Herts, Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has mainly for its object to produce an effective ventilation of
sewer shafts and buildings by the action of the wind.
For this purpose I construct a rotatable cowl consisting of a vertical cylindrical
part adapted to revolve on rollers or on a vertical axis, carried by the top of the
ventilating shaft, and a horizontal cylindrical part or casing in which is mounted
the horizontal axis of a vane wheel or fan, so arranged that while one part or
set of its vanes are rotated by the action of the wind entering through an
orifice on one side of the casing and escaping on the opposite side, another part
or set of the vanes, being carried round by such rotation, have the effect of
drawing the gases from the ventilating shaft, while when no wind occurs, the
natural upward current of the gases in the shaft will effect the rotation of the
vane wheel sufficiently to allow of their escape into the open air.
Figs. 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings shew the construction of my before
described ventilating apparatus which I prefer to employ.
Figs. 1 and 2 shew two opposite end views, Fig. 3 a cross section, and Figs. 4
and 5 two longitudinal sections taken respectively on the lines X X and Y Y of
Fig. 3.
On a vertical pin carried by the ventilating or other shaft or flue A is
rotatably mounted a cowl or casing B, in which is contained a vane wheel C.
This vane wheel is divided by a central disc c into two sets of vanes c¹ c², which
are preferably curved as shewn, but which may also be radial and which fit as
closely as practicable to the flat sides of the casing, which encloses the peripheries
of these two sets of vanes in the following manner. The vanes c', which are
intended to be acted upon by the wind, are surrounded by the casing on the
upper and lower sides, while on the left hand side of Fig. 4 the casing has a
trumpet mouthed opening b facing the lower part of the vanes c¹, the trumpet
mouth being by preference extended right across the casing as at Fig. 1. but
not communicating with the vanes c². On the right hand side of Fig. 4 the
casing has an opening b¹ communicating both with the vanes c¹ and with those c².
The part 2 of the casing surrounds the lower side of the vane wheel so as to
prevent any communication between the vanes c¹ and the lower cylindrical part
of the cowl, which communicates with the shaft A as shewn. The vanes c², on
the other hand, have a free communication with the shaft A, and with the
opening 6', but are cut off from any communication with the air on the opposite
side, the casing being by preference so formed at 3 as to leave an open passage
between it and the vanes c² through which the shaft A can communicate freely
with the opening b¹.
The action of the apparatus is as follows: The cowl B, being provided with
a suitable vane D, is turned by the wind so as to always present the trumpet
mouth to the wind, so that the latter in acting upon the vanes c¹ will rotate
the vane wheel rapidly in the direction of the arrow Figs. 4 and 5, and will
then escape through the orifice b¹. On the other hand, by the rotation thus
imparted to the vanes c², they will draw the gases from the shaft A and cause
them to escape through the aperture 6¹. When there is no wind, the natural
upward current of the gases from A will escape partly in the space between
the vanes and the casing, and partly by rotating the said vanes.

page_text: Fig. 6 shews a vertical section of another arrangement in which the vane
wheel C has only a single set of radial vanes, which are open both to the
shaft A on the underside, and to the trumpet mouth through which the wind
enters near the upper side, so that the wind in rotating the vane wheel and
escaping through the opening at will cause the vanes on the lower side
to carry up the gases from A and discharge them together with the wind
through b'.
The action here will not be so advantageous as in the former case, as the
gases are discharged against the wind pressure.
The cowl is in this case shewn revolving on antifriction rollers E carried in
a circular groove fixed on the ventilating shaft. This arrangement may also be
applied to the first described construction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Apparatus for effecting the ventilation of sewer shafts, buildings, and for
similar purposes, wherein a rotatable cowl contains a vane wheel so arranged in
connection with openings in the cowl communicating respectively with the
ventilating shaft or flue and with the atmosphere, that while one part or set of.
its vanes is or are rotated by the action of the wind, the other part or set, in being
carried round by such rotation, have the effect of drawing the gases from the
shaft or flue, substantially as described.
2. Apparatus for effecting the ventilation of sewer shafts, buildings and for
similar purposes, combined and operating as herein described with reference to
the drawings.
Dated this 12th day of Jul. 1891
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.