Cases for Electrical Conductors and Analogous Purposes.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 13th May, 1887
Complete Accepted, 14th June, 1887
Cases for Electrical Conductors and Analogous Purposes.
We THOMAS OCTAVIUS CALLENDER of 101 Leadenhall Street in the City of London
Manufacturer and CHARLES EDMUND WEBBER of Richmond in the County of Surrey
C.B. Major General in Her Majesty's Army do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention to be as follows:-
-
This Invention relates to improvements in laying down electrical main conductors
underground in sheets and elsewhere in such a way as to allow of the necessary work
of maintenance and renewal being successfully and economically performed.
In carrying out our Invention we employ one of the mastic materials commonly
used for such purposes preferably. that described by William Butler of Blyth House
Humber Road Blackheath in the County of Kent and described in his Provisional
Specification dated 2nd February 1886 No. 1538-1886.
The receptacles or cases are provided with one or more separate ways of suitable
diameter in proportion to that of the insulated electrical conductor one for each such
conductor.
These cases may be constructed as follows:-
The moulds which we prefer to use are simply rectangular or triangular cases
consisting of a strong bed or bottom plate of wood or iron with two sides hinged
thereon to be held in position by clamps or otherwise. These moulds should be
further provided with movable end or face plates made in sections according to the
number of layers or tiers of ways to be made in the case.
We find it expedient to have not less than two such sections of face plates at each
end. In these face plates suitable holes are made for the reception of the dies
required to form the ways in the case.
These moulds are placed on the ground lengthwise and the case is built up
therein.
In making the case it is found expedient to have the lowest section of the end or
face plate hereinbefore referred to of a height equal to the minimum thickness of the
material in the case generally-It consists simply of a strip of suitable iron with an
arrangement for its being properly held in position and on its being fixed, bitumen

page_text: concrete in a molten form is run in and stamped with heated irons to consolidate it.
On the top of the lower section of end or face plate the section perforated to carry
the dies for the ways, is fitted but before it is placed in position the die rods suitably
covered with paper or other material of a nature to facilitate their withdrawal are
placed in the holes provided for their reception so that the form for the production
of the ways is dropped into its place complete. When so placed Bitumen concrete is
run in and likewise consolidated with hot irons. This operation of filling in being
continued until the way dies are covered to the depth of an inch or more as may
be required when stamped and consolidated.
Subsequent tiers of ways may be formed in the same manner a separate end plate
with its die rods placed in position being used for each tier. The upper part of the
case may be finished off by being smoothed with a suitable heated iron.
The case is then allowed to set and harden but before this is completed we
withdraw the die rods for the ways still leaving the end or face plates in position.
The cases are further set and hardened by being placed in water and can be
rendered ready for use by this means in a few hours from their being made.
Curved cases may be made by taking the ordinary straight lengths of cases and
whilst not completely, set or hardened bending them in the form desired and so
allowing them to cool generally.
This operation of bending or curving cases can also be well effected on the work
the cases being slightly heated when necessary.
The material used in all cases should be very thoroughly mixed the different
ingredients in the bitumen concrete being thoroughly incorporated together.
We prefer to make and use cases of square or triangular sections having the angle
rounded off or otherwise and when a large number of conductors are required in a
line we occasionally lay the cases side by side and one above or under the other
according to circumstances.
We lay down the cases on their foundations with invert caps at the joints and
where necessary in cases of defective foundations we strengthen them and we also
where desirable close the joint to prevent access of moisture. The coincidence of the
ways and roughness or ledges at the joints may be prevented by placing mandrils
inside the joints one in each way of a suitable size and attached to rods by which
they can be kept in motion while the joint is in progress of being made and of
hardening Each mandril when drawn out brings with it the end of the wire which
is left in each way or channel and with which the conductor is eventually drawn into
its place.
In carrying out our Invention the insulated conductors may be brought from the
manufactory where insulated to the works without coiling. This system and the
provision for each cable having a separate way will permit of the use of very
inexpensive insulation as it need not be of so elastic a nature as is essential when the
conductor is coiled on a drum.
In furtherance of the same and other objects the necessary joint boxes may be
made so that their form will provide for the cases entering and leaving the joint
boxes at different levels and in different directions if so required to do.
Each box may be provided with an inner cover which is so made and placed that
with some of the mastic material of which the cases are made in a molten state they
can be made watertight from above.
Dated this 13th day of Amienst 1806
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the said T. O. Callender,
and C. E. Webber.

page_text: Improvements in the Methods of Constructing Conduits, ways, or
Cases for Electrical Conductors and Analogous Purposes.
We THOMAS OCTAVIUS CALLENDER of 101 Leadenhall Street in the City of London
Manufacturer and CHARLES EDMUND WEBBER C.B. of Richmond in the County. of
Surrey Major General in Her Majesty's Army do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This Invention relates to improvements in laying down electrical main conductors
underground in Streets and elsewhere in such a way as to allow of the necessary
work of maintenance and renewal being successfully and economically performed.
In carrying out our Invention we employ one of the mastic materials commonly
used for such purposes preferably that described by William Butler of Blyth House
Humber Road, Blackheath in the County of Kent and described in his Provisional
Specification dated 2nd February 1886 No. 1538-1886.
The receptacles or cases are provided with one or more separate ways of suitable
diameter in proportion to that of the insulated electrical conductor one for each such
conductor.
These cases may be constructed as follows:-
:-
The moulds which we prefer to use are simply rectangular or triangular cases
consisting of a strong bed or bottom plate of wood or iron, with two sides hinged
thereon to be held in position by clamps or otherwise. These moulds should be
further provided with moveable end or face plates made in sections according to the
number of layers or tiers of ways to be made in the case.
We find it expedient to have not less than two such sections of face plates at each
end. In these face plates suitable holes are made for the reception of the dies
required to form the ways in the case.
These moulds are placed on the ground lengthwise and the case is built up
therein.
In making the case it is found expedient to have the lowest section of the end or
face plate hereinbefore referred of a height equal to the minimum thickness of the
material in the case generally. It consists simply of a strip of suitable iron with an
arrangement for its being properly held in position and on its being fixed, bitumen
concrete in a molten form is run in, and stamped with heated irons to consolidate it.
On the top of the lower section of end or face plate, the section perforated to carry
the dies for the ways is fitted, but before it is placed in position the die rods, suitably
covered with paper or other material of a nature to facilitate the withdrawal are
placed in the holes provided for their reception, so that the form for the production of
the ways is dropped into its place complete. When so placed Bitumen concrete is run
in and likewise consolidated with hot irons.
This operation of filling in being continued until the way dies are covered to the
depth of half an inch or more as may be required when stamped and consolidated.

page_text: Subsequent tiers of ways may be formed in the same manner a separate end plate
with its die rods placed in position being used for each tier. The upper part of the
case may be finished off by being smoothed with a suitable heated iron.
The case is then allowed to set and harden but before this is completed we
withdraw the dio rods for the ways still leaving the ends or face plates in position.
The cases are further set and hardened by being placed in water and can be
rendered ready for use by this means in a few hours from their being made.
Curved cases may be made by taking the ordinary straight lengths of cases and
whilst not completely set or hardened bending them in the form desired and so
allowing them to cool gradually.
This operation of bending or curving cases can also be well effected on the works
the cases being slightly heated when necessary.
The material used in all cases should be very thoroughly mixed the different
ingredients in the bitumen concrete being thoroughly incorporated together..
We prefer to make and use cases of square or triangular sections having the angles
taken off and when a large number of conductors are required in a line we
occasionally lay the cases side by side and one above or under the other according to
circumstances.
We lay down the cases on their foundations with invert caps at the joints and
where necessary in cases of defective foundations we strengthen them and we also
where desirable close the joint to prevent access of moisture. The coincidence of the
ways and roughness or ledges at the joints may be prevented by placing mandrils
inside the joints one in each way, of a suitable size and attached to rods by which
they can be kept in motion while the joint is in progress of being made and of
hardening. Each mandrill when drawn out brings with it the end of the wire which
is left in each way or channel and with which the conductor is eventually drawn into
its place.
In carrying out our invention the insulated conductors may be brought from the
manufactory where insulated to the works without coiling. This system and the
provision for each cable having a separate way will permit of the use of very
inexpensive insulation as it need not be of so elastic a nature as is essential when the
conductor is coiled on a drum.
In furtherance of the same and other objects the necessary joint boxes may be made
so that their form will provide for the cases entering and leaving the joint boxes at
different levels and in different directions if so required.
Each box may be provided with an inner cover which is so made and placed that
with some of the mastic material of which the cases are made in a molten state they
can be made watertight from above.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is.
First The construction of conduits ways or cases for electrical conductors lines
cables or the like substantially as hereinbefore described with a separate way therein
for each conductor line or cable.
Second-The construction of conduits ways or cases for electrical conductors
lines cables or the like in the manners or according to the methods hereinbefore
described.
T. O. CALLENDER.
C. E. WEBBER.