IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING COILS OF WIRE FOR USE IN WIRE NETTING MACHINES
Year: 1884

page_text: .
We EDWARD SAMUEL BOND of The Crown Engine and Machine Works Lower
Hurst Street East, Birmingham in the County of Warwick Engineer and Machinist
and SAMUEL WILLIAM JOHNSON of No 151 Clifton Road, Aston near Birmingham
aforesaid Engineer and Machinist do hereby declare the nature of our invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING COILS OF WIRE FOR USE IN WIRE
NETTING MACHINES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
In a Machine constructed according to our Invention several coils of Wire may
be simultaneously coiled, instead of only one or two coils as by all other Machines.
The action of our Machine is entirely automatic from its starting until in the
judgment of the attendant of the Machine the coils of Wire are wound to the
required thickness; and if one of the spindles on which the coils are wound should
require to be disengaged this can be done without stopping the Machine, and the
spindle replaced, also without stopping the Machine. The coils are wound perfectly
and evenly and can be readily withdrawn from the spindles on which they are
wound, this withdrawal being accomplished without reversing the motion of the
main shaft of the Machine as has previously been the case in Machines of this kind.
We construct our Machines with a main shaft extending lengthwise of the
Machine and having fast and loose pulleys or other suitable means of driving.
From this shaft by means of suitable gear wheels denominated change wheels are
driven the spindles on which the wire coils are formed, these spindles fit into
suitable sockets on which are secured spur gear wheels one to each, these wheels
gear into each other being placed between standards approximately in the shape of
a segment of a circle, one of these sockets has a projecting part carrying a spur
wheel which gears into one of the change wheels before described thus all of the
spindles are driven simultaneously. We use four spindles by preference but the
number may be greater or less as required. The rotary motion of the spindles
caused in the manner described causes the wire supplied from suitable large coils or
other source of supply to be wound on them in the usual way, the carrying of the
wires along the spindles as the winding proceeds is caused by the wires passing
through holes and over guide pulleys in a guide carriage which slides on two rods
parallel to the main shaft of the Machine, this carriage contains a nut which works

page_text: on a screw which extends the length of the machine. This guide carriage with the
guide rods and screw does not form part of our present Invention. When the
guide carriage approaches the end of the main screw it is necessary to reverse
the direction of motion of the screw which is done by the following means: Motion
is communicated from the main shaft of the Machine to the main screw through
small spur wheels at the end of the Machine remote from the end at which the
driving pulleys and change wheels before mentioned are situated. One of these
spur wheels is secured to the main shaft and one to the main screw, the other two
can revolve freely on studs fastened to a piece called the reversing plate. This
plate has a limited angular motion about the main shaft as a centre, and it is so
placed that in one position the motion is communicated from the main shaft to the
screw through one intermediate wheel when the main screw will revolve the same
way as the main shaft, and in the other position the motion is communicated
through two intermediate wheels gearing with each other and then the main screw
moves in the opposite direction to the main shaft. This form of motion is used for
a similar purpose in some kind of lathes. The moving of the reversing plate is
effected by its being connected by a link to a short lever secured to a notched
spring plate to be now described. This plate is a bar of flat iron or other material
extending the length of the Machine. On the upper edge are two deep notches one
near each end of the bar or plate. Fastened to the plate are two flat steel springs
these run for most of their length parallel with the plate and one is on one side of
it and the other on the other side. As the guide carriage previously mentioned
travels along in the direction of the length of the Machine a projecting piece on it
enters the space between one of these springs and the plate. As the spring
approaches the notch it gets closer to the plate so when the projecting piece on the
guide carriage approaches the notch it has to force back the spring, and as soon as
it reaches the notch the pressure due to the elasticity of the spring forces the
projecting piece through the notch to the other side of the notched spring plate, or
rather as the projecting piece cannot move in that direction the equivalent effect
is produced by the change of position of the spring plate itself moving on its pivot,
this change of position causes the reversing of the direction of rotation of the main
screw by the means previously described, this causing the guide carriage to travel
back until it reaches the notch in the other end of the spring plate when a similar
action is repeated. This notched spring plate in itself does not form part of our
present Invention as it has been previously described in the specification of a
previous invention of ours.
We will now describe that part of our Invention which relates to the manner of
attaching to and detaching from the Machine the spindles whereon the coils of wire
are wound. These spindles are round and tapered as usually made for this purpose,
and on the large end is a square part which fits into a square hole in the driving
socket. The driving socket has a round hole in the front part, then a square one
to receive the spindle and a round one at the back these all forming one continuous
aperture through the socket. In the middle part of the socket is a plunger or
pressure piece with a square part fitting into the square hole in socket. At the
back of this is a spiral spring exerting a pressure against the plunger tending to
push it out. This spring is mostly contained in a recess bored in the bushing on
which is secured the spur wheel which gives motion to the whole and on the pro-
jecting front part of which bushing the socket now described is attached by means
of a set screw so that it can readily be taken off when required. When the spindle
is in position for winding, the square part on the end of it fits into the square part
of the hole in the socket and partakes of its rotary motion. When from a wire
breaking or other cause it is desired to stop one of the spindles a stop pin at the
far end of it, afterwards to be described, is withdrawn, the pressure of the spiral
spring in the socket then forces the spindle outwards so that the square part of it
is in the larger round part of the hole in the socket and its motion ceases.
will now describe the stop arrangement just mentioned at the far end of the
spindle, that is the small end remote from the square end in the socket. It should
We

page_text: be understood that the small ends of all the spindles take their bearing in a
standard of segmental form somewhat similar to those previously described. Each
spindle has a separate stop arrangement as follows:-The spindle end fits some-
what loosely into a circular hole in the segmental end standard. At the end of
the spindle and detached from it is a pin fitting into the hole made of convenient
length to project at the end and having a large button head at its outer end.
Against this bead presses a spring lever of flat steel (preferably) which when the
parts are in their working position is secured by its edge dropping into a notch on
the small plate affixed to and projecting from the standard. In this position the
spindle is held with its square end being driven by the square in the socket as
previously described. When it is desired to stop the spindle the Bat spring lever
is released from its notch and shifted backward, being free to move at its front end
and fixed to a fulcrum at the back end it is secured in its new position by being
dropped into another notch in the plate which is fixed to the standard.
We will now describe the means by which we are enabled to slacken the
completed coil of wire from the spindle on which it is wound. In previous
Machines for winding these wire coils it has been necessary after the first layer of
the coil has been wound on the spindle to run the Machine back the reverse way
by hand for a few revolutions in order to slacken the coiled wire from the spindle
so as to admit of the coil when finished being withdrawn from the spindle. When
this was done the layer might have been in the process slacked too much, and so
when the second layer was wound some strands of the wire instead of lying evenly
upon the first layer would drop in between them on to the spindle, thus causing
additional delay in slacking off and irregular winding of the coil. By the means
now to be described all this is obviated. Instead of winding the wire directly on
to the spindle we enclose the spindle in a split casing formed of a tube fitting the
spindle and divided into three parts by divisions running in the direction of its
length. In cross section each of these parts is the segment of a circle two of them
are of equal size and the third is smaller. This split casing is taper to fit the taper
of the spindle, and when prepared for winding a collar fitting tightly over the
casing (previously put on the spindle) is placed at the large end and a similar one,
but smaller, at the other. The cased spindle is then put in the Machine and the
entire coil of wire may be wound on it without any stoppage whatever. When
the coil is completed, it, with the spindle, casing and collars is withdrawn from the
Machine. The collars can then be taken off the casing and the spindle withdrawn
from the casing which then collapses and can readily be withdrawn from the
interior of the completed coil of wire. This last named improvement of the
collapsing casing may be adapted to other coil winding Machines than the one
described in this specification.
And in order that this our said Invention may be better understood we have
prepared the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings by the aid of which we will
now proceed more particularly to describe it. Similar letters denote similar parts
in each figure in which they occur. As the words "front" "end" &c are used in
the first figures they are used in a similar sense all through.
Figure 1. is a front view of a wire coiling Machine constructed according to our
Invention.
Figure 2. is a plan of the same.
Figure 3. is an elevation of the end of the machine at which the driving wheels
are situated.
Figure 4. is an elevation of the end of the machine at which the reversing plate
and reversing wheels are situated.
Figure 5. is an elevation of the notched reversing bar with its springs and
connections.
Figure 6. is a plan of same.
.
Figure 7. is a cross-section of same.
Figure 8. is an end elevation of guide carriage complete.
Figure 9. is a back view of same,

page_text: Figure 10. is an end elevation of the reversing plate with its wheels and
onnections shewn with the main screw being driven the reverse way to the main
haft,
Figure 11. is a similar view but with the reversing plate wheels and connections in
s other position and the main screw being driven the same way as the main shaft.
Figure 12. is a back view of the foregoing.
Figure 13. is an elevation of segmental standard for spindles.
is other position and the main screw being driven the same way as the main shaft.
Figure 12. is a back view of the foregoing.
Figure 13. is an elevation of segmental standard for spindles.
Figure 14. is a front view of same.
Figure 15. is a section through the socket for large end of spindle shewing
spindle in position to an enlarged scale.
Figure 16. is a plan of the foregoing without spindle.
Figure 17. is a view of the end of socket.
Figure 18. is an end view of plunger.
Figure 19. is a front view of the same.
Figure 20. is a front elevation of spindle.
Figure 21. is an end elevation of same.
Figure 22. is a sectional plan of stop pin and spring catch &c at small end of
spindle to a smaller scale than figures 15 to 21. but larger scale than other figures.
Figure 23. is a similar view with parts in another position to same scale.
Figure 24. is a front view of same parts.
Figure 25. is a front view of the split casing for spindle with collars complete to
a reduced scale.
Figure 26. is a cross. section through the split casing at the large end to an
enlarged scale. .
Figure 27. is a cross section through the same at the small end,
Figure 28. is the large collar for casing, in section and elevation.
Figure 29. is the small collar for saine in section and elevation.
>>
"
In all the figures where it is shewn "A." is the table of the Machine, it carries all
the parts of it and is itself supported at a suitable height from the floor by legs or
a bench. "b." "b" are the standards supporting the ends of the main shaft" C
and main screw "e" both of which revolve in suitable bearings. These standards
also carry the ends of the guide rods "d. d" which are securely fastened to them.
The Machine derives its motion from fast and loose pulleys "f. f" on the main
shaft or from other suitable means. From the main shaft motion is communicated
to the spindles on which the wire is wound by the change wheels "gg. 9 g." two of 3
which are carried by a moveable stud "g" on the bracket piece "g" By putting
in change spur wheels of the size required the proper velocity of motion is given
to the spindles. Leaving for a time the subject of the spindles and their appur-
tenances we will describe the reversing motion. "p" is a guide carriage having a
back plate p through which the wires to be coiled pass and also guide pulleys p² p² 4
for these wires. As the wires are wound on the spindles this guide carriage is
moved along parallel to the spindles so that the wire may be coiled evenly. This
is effected in the usual way by a nut in the carriage "p" working on the main
screw "e."
When the carriage comes to the end of its motion in one direction it
is automatically reversed by a projecting piece p3" which passes between the
notched spring plate "h" and one of the springs "h" being thrown through one
of the notches " in the bar. As the projecting piece- "p3" cannot move in that
direction the equivalent effect is produced by the partial angular motion of the
plate"
on its end pivots "h" (Figures 4 to 7) in the standards "75" The
motion of this plate "" is communicated by a lever "h" at its end through a
link h" to the reversing plate "j." (Figures 3. 4. 10. 11. 12.) This reversing
plate is centred on the end of the main shaft C." remote from the drawing gear.
It is provided with two studs "32" on each of which run spur wheels "" in
gear with each other and one of which is always in gear with a similar spur
wheel "j" on the shaft "C." On the end of the main screw " e is another similar
spur wheel "j" When. the notched plate "h" and the reversing plate "j" are in
the positions shewn in figures 4 and 10. the four wheels "j" are all in gear
"
"

page_text: forming a continuous train and then the main screw "e." revolves in the contrary
direction to the driving shaft "c' When the parts are in the position shewn in
figure 11 three only of the wheels "j" are in gear continuously and the main
screw e." revolves in the same direction as the main shaft "c." The reversing
action as above described takes place automatically every time the carriage "p'
comes to the end of its travel in either direction.
16
"
"
st
k. k."
on which
We will now return to the spindles "m. m." which receive their motion by each
being temporarily secured to a spur wheel "3" all these spur wheels "3" form
one continuous row of gearing they are each mounted on a bushing "q." which
revolves in holes "k*k" parallel, with end bosses "k¹k" in the standards
Figures 1. 2. 3. 13. 14. These standards "k" are of approximately segmental
shape for convenience, they are shewn carrying four spindles but the number inay
be greater or less. One of the wheel carrying bushings "q." has a projecting
piece "q" carrying one of the spur change wheels "g." previously mentioned
which communicates motion to the wheels "." Each taper spindle on which the
wire is coiled bas a square part "m' near the large end with a round part "m"
at the extreme end. This large end of the spindle fits when in position for winding
into the socket "L" (Figures 1. 2. 15 and 16.) the square part "m¹" fitting loosely
into the square part "/" in the central hole of the socket thereby deriving motion
from the socket which is fastened by a set screw "" to the bushing "g
is the spur wheel "." When, in this position the spindle "m." presses through
a plunger piece "8" having a square part "81" on to a spiral spring "r." contained
mostly in a recess "q" in the bushing ".q." This spring is now in compression.
When it is desired to stop one of the spindles the small end "m³" (Figures 22.
23. 24.) which runs in a hole in the end standard "t" is allowed to be forced
The
further back into the hole by the action of the spring "r." in the socket.
square part "m" on the spindle then is forced out of the square hole "1" in the
socket and is loose in the part ""thereby no motion is given to the spindle and
it stops revolving. The small end" ms" of the spindle (Figures 22. 23. 24.) has a
pin "n" with a large button head n¹ pressing against it, this is kept in one of
three positions as required by a spring lever "n" centred at "n" which is moved
by its handle "3" and fixed in the required position by notches in a plate "no"
fastened to the standard t by screws 'n" This arrangement has been described
as for one spindle, but every spindle in the machine has a similar set as may be
clearly seen in figure 4.
"1
"
We will now describe the split collapsible casing "O." to each spindle "m."
This is formed by preference of a taper brass tube of a size suitable for the spindle
to enclose it neatly. This tube is split into three pieces as shewn by figures 26
and 27 which shews the split casing in cross section, two of the segments are equal
in size and larger than the third. When this split casing is put on the spindle it
is secured by a collar "O" shewn in section and elevation by figures 28. at the
large end and by a similar one 02" figure 29 at the small end. Each of these
collars is bored slightly taper. The casing complete is shewn by figure 25. but
without the spindle. The wire is wound on the casing with the spindle inside it
as shewn by "u" on figures 1 & 2. When the coil is complete the collars of the
casing are taken off and the spindle withdrawn, the casing then collapses and can
be taken out of the wire coil which is then ready for use in the Wire Netting
Machine.
We do not limit ourselves to the exact form or configuration or number of parts
as described in this Specification and shewn on the accompanying Drawings, but
we may vary these to some extent while not departing from the principle of our
herein described Invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
First The combination of a notched bar vibrating on pivots and provided with
springs whereby it is forced from the one side to the other of a projecting piece on

page_text: the guide carriage as it arrives at either end, with lever and link and reversing
plate provided with spur wheels for reversing the motion of the main screw of
Machine as previously described and as shewn on figures 1. 2. 4. to 12.
Second-The application of the combination of notched bar and other parts
just mentioned to a Machine for making Wire Coils for Wire Netting Machines.
Third Standards of approximately segmental shape or other convenient shape
carrying three, four, or more spindles in a wire coiling Machine as shewn in
figures 1. to 4. 13 and 14.
Fourth-The shape, combination, and arrangement of socket with spring and
plunger to receive the large end of each spindle and the stop pin lever spring and
notched catch plate at the small end of each, the whole forming an arrangement for
the easy attachment and detachment of spindles to and from the wire coiling
Machine, and also the means of stopping the motion of any one of the spindles
when required without interference with the others as shewn in figures 15 to 24.
Fifth In wire coiling machines the split collapsible casing to each spindle with
the collars appertaining thereto by means of which casing each coil of Wire may be
wound with perfect regularity and when finished may be easily withdrawn from
the spindle as previously described and shewn on figures 25 to 29.
Sixth The arrangement and combination of the parts previously described to
form an automatic Wire Coiling Machine.
Seventh-In wire coiling machines of a diverse construction to that herein
described, the application of spindle sockets as in claim fourth and the application
of split collapsible casing as in claim fifth.