Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing Yarns and Slubbings or Rovings, or otherwise Treating the same with Liquids.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Sept., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 8th June, 1895-Accepted, 13th July, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing Yarns and Slubbings or
Rovings, or otherwise Treating the same with Liquids.
'We, JOHN PRITCHARD, and "FRANK ALEXANDER BLAIR, of the Firm of
Kemp, Blair, and Company; Dyers; of Gala Dye Works, Galashiels, in the County
of Selkirk, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of this. invention to be as
follows, that is to say :-
Our said invention relates to apparatus for dyeing yarns and slubbings or
rovings or otherwise treating the same with liquids, and of a kind in which a
semicylindrical trough or vat has.in.its axis a rotating shaft carrying two or more
main frames or sets of radial. arms, which at their outer parts carry smaller frames
provided with rods or tubes for olding hanks of yarus, slubbings, or rovings, and
arranged to be turned half round at intervals to reverse the positions of 'the hanks
and equalize the action. And the object of 'the present invention is to improve the
construction of parts of the apparatus.
In carrying out the invention each smaller frame is made to consist of middle
pieces provided with trunnions to turn in bearings in the ends of the radial arms or
outer parts of the main frames, and each middle piece has T-pieces fitted to it and
extending-out from its opposite ends, and arranged to be adjusted more or less
outwards for distending the hanks by means of a spindle made with right-and-left
screw threads. For holding the banks rods or tubes, after having been passed
through the hanks, are entered into sockets in the T-pieces of the small frames.
the sockets at one side being blind, whilst those at the other side extend through
the T-piece to allow of the rods or tubes..being placed, the rods or tubes being
secured after being entered by means of small external covering bars or other
convenient appliance.
For the purpose of turning each small frame in order to reverse the positions of
the hanks, one trunnion of each frame has formed or fixed on it a pinion having
rounded teeth, and on the outer face of each pinion there is a flange.made with
concave sides. On the outer side of one main fraine or set of radial arms there
is placed a concentric ring which is held by internal guide brackets fixed to the
radial arms the ring being capable of turning relatively to the main frame, or of
being held stationary whilst the main frame rotates. "The outer surface of the
ring is cylindrical, except at one part, and when a small frame is not being turned
the flange of its pinion bears on the cylindrical part of the ring, the pinion being
thereby prevented from turning. At one part of the ring there is a depression in
it, and at the inner side at that part there are. on the ring two or more teeth which
can gear with the teeth of the pinion of each small frame. On the ring being
held stationary, by a stop provided for the purpose, whilst the shaft and main
frames continue to rotate, each small-frame pinion as it comes round encounters the
teeth on the ring and is thereby turned half round, the flange of the pinion turning
over in the depression of the ring, and after the half turn proceeding in contact
with the cylindrical part of the ring again.
A further improvement consists in equalising the temperature of the liquid at
various parts of the vat. For this purpose two perforated steam pipes are placed
along the bottom of the vat at equal distances on opposite sides of the middle; and

page_text: the steam is supplied to the two pipes from opposite ends of the vat. Or the
liquid is made to circulate by supplying the steam in one or more jets through
conoidal current-inducing nozzles.
Dated this Eighth day of September 1894.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.
Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing Yarns and Slubbings or
Rovings, or otherwise Treating the same with Liquids.
We, JOHN PRITCHARD, and FRANK ALEXANDER BLAIR, of the Firm of
Kemp Blair and Company, Dyers, of Gala Dye Works, Galashiels, in the County
of Selkirk, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement, that is to say :-
Our said invention relates to apparatus for dyeing yarns and slubbings or
rovings, or otherwise treating the same with liquids, and of a kind in which a semi-
cylindrical trough or vat has in its axis a rotating shaft carrying a main frame
having at its outer parts smaller frames for holding hanks of the materials to be
dyed; and the object of the present invention is to improve the construction of
various parts of the apparatus.
A dyeing machine as made with our improvements is shown on an accompanying
sheet of explanatory drawings, Figures, 1, and 2, being vertical sections as at
right angles to each other, and Figure, 3, being an enlarged view of a detail. In
these drawings the same reference letters are used to mark the same or like parts
wherever they are repeated.
The vat or vessel, A, employed in carrying out our invention is of a semi-
cylindrical form, and has in its axis a horizontal shaft, B, carried in bearings, C,
upon the vertical ends of the vat. The shaft, B, is driven by means of a worm
wheel, D, acted on by a worm on a shaft driven in any convenient way. On the
shaft, B, there are fixed near the ends of the vat two four-armed main frames, E,
which at their outer ends are formed with bearing eyes to support four smaller frames.
Each smaller frame consists of two middle pieces, F, provided with trunnions to
turn in the bearing eyes in the ends of the main frame arms, E; and each middle
piece, F, has T-pieces, G, fitted to it and extending out from its opposite ends,
and arranged to be adjusted more or less outwards for distending the hanks, by
means of a spindle, H, made with right and left screw threads. For holding the
hanks, rods, J, or it might be tubes, after having been passed through the hauks
are entered into sockets in the T-pieces, G, of the small frames, the sockets at one
side being blind, whilst those at the other side extend through the T-piece to allow
of the rods or tubes being placed. After being placed the rods or tubes may be
secured by means of small external covering bars or other convenient appliance.
The opposite T-pieces, G, are connected by tie rods, T ; and have fixed to them
brass guard rods, U, which prevent the hanks from getting too near the middle
pieces, F, and T-pieces, G.
Provision is made for turning over each small frame at suitable intervals, in
order that the hanks which are outermost in one position of the small frame may be
changed to innermost and the innermost to outermost, for the purpose of equalising
the action of the dyeing or other liquid on all the hanks. For this purpose one
trunnion of each small frame has fixed on it a pinion, K, having rounded teeth and
on the outer face of each pinion there are two pius, L, or it might be a flange with

page_text: are,
concave sides extending between the pins and having them for its ends. On the
outer side of the main frame, E, at the side of the machine at which the pinions, K,
there is placed a concentric ring, M, which is held by internal guide brackets, N,
fixed to the radial arms of the main frame, E, the ring, M, being capable of
turning with or relatively to the main frame, E, or of being held stationary
whilst the main frame rotates. The outer surface of the ring, M, is cylindrical
except at one part, and when a small frame is not being turned the pins, L, or the
flange of its pinion, K, bears on the cylindrical part of the ring, the pinion being
thereby prevented from turning. In the enlarged view Figure, 3, a part of the
ring, M, is shown where its outside deviates from the cylindrical form, and a pinion
is shown in dotted lines as approaching that part, whilst a pinion, K, is shown in
full lines as at the middle of the part and as turned a quarter round.
At the part
of the ring, M, where the turning takes place there is a depression, P, which allows
one of the pins, L, or one end of the flange to enter it as the pinion, K, turns, and
at the inner side of the ring there are teeth, Q, with which the teeth of the pinion
gear or engage and which cause the turning of the pinion and of the small frame
to which the pinion is fixed. To insure the fixed and pinion teeth engaging
properly the first of the fixed teeth, Q, is truncated as shown in Figure, 3.
On the ring, M, being held stationary, by means of a handled stop pin, R, provided
for the purpose, whilst the shaft, B, continues to rotate each small frame becomes
turned half round as its pinion passes over the part, P, of the ring and engages
with the stationary teeth, Q.
If found desirable with yarns of any kind, one or both rods of each pair of
rods, J, holding hanks may be arranged to turn at intervals to insure change of
position of the hanks on the rods, pinions gearing with each other being fixed on
the ends of a row of the rods and the outer one encountering and being turned
by one or more teeth on a plate fixed to the side of the vat. And in order to
further prevent unequal action of the dyeing or other liquid on the surfaces of the
yarns at the outer and inner sides and ends of the small frames, shielding plates
of thin metal or other suitable material may be fixed to the frames. Or the small
frames may have fixed to them at the corners and across the ends bars more or
less obstructing the escape or too free passage of the liquid between the frames and
the sides and ends of the vat.
A further improvement consists in equalising the temperature of the liquid at
various parts of the vat, A. For this purpose two perforated steam pipes, S, are
placed along the bottom of the vat, A, at equal distances on opposite sides of the
middle; and the steam is supplied to the two pipes from opposite ends of the vat.
Or the liquid may be made to circulate by supplying the steam in one or more jets
through conoidal current-inducing nozzles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In apparatus for dyeing yarns and slubbings or rovings or otherwise treating
the same with liquids, and of the kind to which the invention relates,-the improved.
construction of the smaller frames with T-pieces which are adjustable more or less
apart on middle pieces by means of screw spindles, the said T-pieces being formed
with sockets for rods or tubes upon which are distended hanks of the materials to
be operated on, substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The improved mechanism for turning over the small frames and comprising a
ring carried by the main frame and movable therewith or capable of being held
stationary by a stop, a pinion fixed to each small frame and having a diametrical
flange or a pair of diametrically opposite pins, to bear on the ring which is
cylindrical except at one depressed part, and teeth on the ring to gear with the
pinion when passing the depressed part of the ring, substantially as and for the
purposes herein before described.

page_text: 3. The improved arrangement of two perforated steam pipes receiving the steam
at opposite ends substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore.described.
. Dated this Seventh day of June 1895.
EDMUND HUNT,
.Applicants' Agent.