A COMBINED CORN CRUSHER AND CHAFF-CUTTER, WHICH MAY ALSO BE FITTED WITH OLL CAKE CRUSHING MECHANISM
Year: 1884

page_text: WO JAMES RUTHERFORD, and WILLIAM LAMBERT, both of Langholm, in the
County of Dumfries, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention
for "A COMBINED CORN CRUSHER AND CHAFF-CUTTER, WHICH MAY ALSO BE
FITTED WITH OLL CAKE CRUSHING MECHANISM," to be as follows:-
The main framing of-this machine is similar to that of an ordinary chaff-cutting
machine, and consists of an open rectangular horizontal frame supported on angled
or vertical corner posts, or end or side frames, at the ordinary convenient height for
feeding in the hay or other material to be cut or chopped by the knives, which are
secured as usual to the curved arms of the large wheel revolving within the open
frame, and keyed on the first motion main transverse shaft carried in bushed
bearing blocks on top of horizontal framing, and driven by belt pulleys on its one
end. The longitudinal shafts or spindles of the roller, for feeding in the hay or
material to be cut, are driven at a slow speed, through a double set of spec 1
reducing spur wheels and two intermediate shafts carried in bearings, one above
and the other below the open horizontal frame, actuated by a bevel wheel, genring
into one of two shifting bevel pinions on the shaft of the cutting wheel, for the
forward feed motion; the other bevel pinion being used for backing and clearing
the feed rollers when choked, all so far substantially as in the ordinary chuff-cutting
machines. But by these improvements the periphery of the large wheel carrying
the chaff cutters, is in ide broad and either plain or fluted and chille.] or otherwise
formed with a hard surface, to act as the main crushing or grinding roller of a corn,
oats, bean, or other grain reducing mill, by carrying and crushing the grain fed on
to it from a hopper and feed roller on the fluted cutting surface of a segmental
hinged breast cutting plate. This plate is set and adjusted between its side cheeks
or frame (carried at one side of the said large wheel or roller on the top of the open
main frame) by a jointed rod at its lower end, coupled to a short pressing lever on
the centre of a short transverse spindle oscillating in the lower part of the cheeks
netuted by a weighted lever and hand regulating pinching screw which fixes the
lowest position of lever and least distance of breast plate off grin ling wheel required
to suit the fineness of the meal to be ground, the weight on lever regulating the
maximum pressure possible on the grain while being ground.
The ground meal as it escapes from lower end of the breast plate falls out and is
conducted away by an inclined spout or shoot to any desired receptacle for receiving
г
.

page_text: it at one side of the machine. The feed roller at the lower end of the grain hopper
may be driven by a spindle and bevel wheel from one of the feed rollers of the
chaff-cutter immediately below, or otherwise as desired, and the whole constitutes
a new or improved combined corn or grain grinding and chaff-cutting machine.
This machine may also when desired be made to carry and drive from the same
first motion shaft an ordinary construction of oil-cake, breaking, crushing or
pulverizing machine.
The two ordinary rough star pointed crushing rolls working into each others
recesses at the lower contracted mouth of the cake hopper, would be mounted on
suitable brackets or frames at the back of the main open frame, so that a bevel
wheel on the back end of the main shaft of the chat-cutter, would gear into a
corresponding wheel on a longitudinal counter shaft, which by a spur pinion on it
would gear into a large spur wheel on one of the said rolls, and also by an
intermediate pinion carried on a stud centre, gear into a large wheel on the other
roller, thus driving both crushing rolls in opposite directions towards each other at
a reduced speed, and consequently increased force, which would crush or reduce the
cake in passing through between them into a broken up or granulated state, and
deliver it into an angular conducting spout to one side of the machine suitable and
ready for use as cattle food.

page_text: We JAMES RUTHERFORD and WILLIAM LAMBERT, both of Langholm, in the
County of Dumfries, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention
for "A COMBINED CORN CRUSHER AND CHAFF CUTTER, WHICH MAY ALSO BE FITTED
WITH OIL-CAKE CRUSHING MECHANISM," and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
Our Invention which consists of a combined corn crusher and chaff cutter is
illustrated in elevation and in plan in figures 1 and 2 respectively of the
accompanying drawings.
The main framing of the machine is similar to that of an ordinary chaff cutting
machine, and consists of an open rectangular horizontal framo A supported on
angled or vertical corner posts or end or side frames, at the ordinary height for
feeding in one way or other, material to be cut or chopped by the knives B, which
are secured as usual to the curved arms of the large wheel C revolving within the
open frame and keyed on the first motion main transverse shaft C¹ which is carried
in bushed bearing blocks on the top of the horizontal framing A, and is driven by
a belt pulley on its one end C. The longitudinal shafts or spindles D, D' of the
rollers E for feeding in the hay or material to be cut, and which is supplied through
a shoot E¹, are driven at a slow speed through a double set of speed reducing spur
wheels F, F, and two intermediate shafts f, f¹ carried in bearings one above and
the other below the open horizontal frame A. These shafts f. f are actuated by
a bevel wheel G geared into one G₁ of two bevel pinions G, G¹, (provided with a
clutch) on the shaft C of the cutting wheel for the forward feed motion; the other
bevel pinion G² being used for backing and clearing the feed rollers E when choked,
the arrangement so far being similar to that of an ordinary chaff cutting machine.
But by the present improvements the periphery of the large wheel C carrying the
chaff cutters is made broad and either plain or fluted and chilled or otherwiso
formed with a hard surface, to act as the main crushing or grinding roller of a
corn, onts, bean, or other grain reducing mill, carrying and crushing the grain fed
from a hopper H and feed roller H¹ or to and between the wheel C, and the fluted
cutting surface of a segmental breast plate I hinged or jointed to the framing A.
This plate I is set and adjusted between its side cheeks or frame A' carried at one
side of the said large wheel or roller on the top of the open main frame A by a
jointed rod J at its lower end, coupled to a short pressing. lever J' on the centro
of a short transverse spindle ; oscillating in the lower part of the cheeks and
actuated by a weighted lever j and regulating pinching screw or hand wheel j
which fixes the lowest position of the lever and least distance of breast plate off
the grinding wheel as may be required to suit the fineness of the meal to be
ground, the weight on the lever j regulating the maximum pressure possible on the
grain while being ground.
The ground meal as it escapes from lower end of the breast plate I falls out and
is conducted away by an inclined spout or shoot K to any desired receptacle for
receiving it at one side of the machine. The feed roller H at the lower end of the
grain hopper may be driven by a spindle and bevel wheel from one of the feed
rollers of the chaff cutter immediately below, or as shown by a pulley ¹ and belt
from the wheel shaft C. The whole constitutes a new or improved combined corn
or grain grinding and chaff cutting machine. This machine may also when desired,
be made to carry and drive from the same first motion shaft an ordinary construction

page_text: of oil-cake breaking, crushing, or pulverising machine. The two ordinary rough
star printed crushing rolls L working into each other at the lower contracted mouth
of a cake hopper M are mounted on suitable brackets or frames at the back of the
main open frame A, so that a bevel wheel N on the back end of the main shaft C¹
of the chaff cutter gears into a corresponding wheel N on a longitudinal counter
shaft which by a spur pinion O¹ on it gears into a large spur wheel O2 on one
of the said rolls L, and also by an intermediate pinion 03, carried on a stud centre,
gears into a large wheel O' on the other roller L, thus driving both crushing rolls
in opposite directions towards each other at a reduced speed, and consequently with
increased force, which crushes or reduces the cake in passing through between them
into a broken or granulated state, and deliver it into an angular conducting spout P
to one side of the machine ready for use as cattle food. The front roller may be
adjusted by means of a lever or eccentric operated by a handle Q to regulate the
size to which the cake may be broken.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to bo performed, we declare that what
wo claim is,―
First The combination on a single framing of chaff cutting apparatus and corn
crushing apparatus operated by the same driving gear, and with or without the
addition of oil cake crushing mechanism, substantially as herein described and
illustrated.
Second. The combination in the wheel C of the chaff cutting knives and the
corn crushing peripheral surface acting against a serrated breast plate, substantially
as herein described and illustrated: