Improvements in the Manufacture of Flexible Pipes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Dec., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 13th Aug., 1897-Accepted; 18th Sept., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Flexible Pipes.
I, ALEXANDER SPENCER, of 77, Cannon Street,, in the City of Loudon, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the, said invention to be as follows:-
According to my invention flexible pipes are made with an inner layer or
layers of asbestos, woven or otherwise, but preferably woven. Pipes so lined may
be formed by wrapping around the lining indiarubber and canvas, the number of
layers depending upon the strength desired, and externally the pipe so formed
may be armoured by wrapping around it spirally a wire or wires of any suitable
section as well understood. In some cases I apply in conjunction with the asbestos
lining an internal tube of plaited wire adapted to prevent displacement of any
portion of the asbestos by liquid passing through the pipe.
Pipes manufactured according to my invention can be used for conducting hot
fluid, the non-conducting asbestos lining serving to prevent conduction of heat
from the fluid to the indiarubber used in the construction of the pipe.
Dated this 28th day of December 1896.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Flexible Pipes.
I, ALEXANDER SPENCER, of 77 Cannon Street, in the City of London, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and, in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
According to my invention flexible pipes are made with an inner layer or
layers of asbestos, woven or otherwise, but preferably woven. Pipes so lined may
be formed by wrapping around the lining india rubber and canvas, the number
of layers depending upon the strength desired, and externally the pipe so formed
may be armoured by wrapping around it spirally a wire or wires of any suitable
section as well understood.
Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings show respectively in side elevation
and' cross section, one construction of flexible pipe according to this invention.
1 is an inner layer of woven asbestos around which is wrapped the alternate
layers 2 of india rubber and canvas of which flexible pipes are ordinarily made, the
number of such layers depending upon the required strength of the pipe as well

page_text: understood: 3 is wire wound spirally around the layers of india rubber and canvas
for supporting or armouring the same externally. 4 is an outer layer of india-
rubber applied over the spirally wound wire 3 so that such wire shall be embedded
in the material of the pipe in order that the external surface of the same may be
smooth. The pipe thus formed is preferably provided with an outer cover 5 of
woven, plaited or like material, which may be of any suitable color, and serves to
impart a finished appearance to the pipe.
In lieu of a single layer 1 of asbestos, there may obviously be two or more such
layers. Usually I prefer to apply in conjunction with the inner layer (or layers)
of asbestos, an internal tube adapted to prevent displacement of any portion of
the asbestos by liquid or other fluid passing through the pipe. In Figs: 1 and 2
I have for this purpose shown the flexible pipe provided with an internal tube 6
of plaited or woven wire, which' may be similar to wire cloth. In Figs. 3 and 4,
which are similar views to Figa: 1and 2 respectively, I have shown the flexible
pipe provided with an internal tube 6 of india rubber which not only serves to
prevent displacement of the asbestos but also to prevent the same being wetted
or impregnated with the fluid passed through the pipe. If desired; both a plaited
or woven tube of wire and a tube of india-rubber may be used inside the layer
of asbestos: In each case the internal tube 6 may be supported internally, for
any desired part of its length, by, a spirally, wound wire 7 (Figs. 1 and 2).
Pipes manufactured according to my invention can be used for conducting hot
fluids, the non-conducting or badly conducting layer or layers of asbestos serving
to prevent or retard conduction of heat from the fluid to the india-rubber and'
canvas used in the formation of the alternate layers 2 of india rubber and canvas
used in the construction of the pipe. In this way the india rubber and
canvas upon which the soundness and strength of the pipe depend, are prevented,
to a considerable extent, from being damaged by the heat of the said. fluid,
whereby tlie life of the pipe is considerably increased.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same ris to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The manufacture of flexible pipes in the construction of which india-rubber
and canvas are used with an inner layer or layers of asbestos, substantially as
herein described for the purpose specified.
2. A flexible pipe comprising an inner layer or layers of asbestos, and layers
of india rubber and canvas wound round the said layer or layers of canvas, and
an internal tube located with the said layer or layers of asbestos and adapted to
prevent displacement of any portion thereof by fluid passing through the pipe,
substantially as described..
3. My improved flexible pipes constructed substantially as described and shown:
Dated this 13th day of August 1897.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.