IM- PROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING THE TUYERE USED FOR BLOWING IN FORGE AND OTHER FURNACES FROM THE ACTION OF THE FIRE
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jonathan Jopling, of Bishopwearmouth, in the
County of Durham, Smith and Iron Founder, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING THE TUYERE USED FOR BLOWING IN FORGE AND
OTHER FURNACES FROM THE ACTION OF THE FIRE."
Sealed the 15th September 1854, and dated the 7th April 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jonathan Jopling at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
April 1854.
I, JONATHAN JOPLING, of Bishopwearmouth, in the County of Durham, Smith
and Iron Founder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING THE TUYERE USED FOR BLOWING IN FORGE AND
OTHER FURNACES FROM THE ACTION OF THE FIRE" to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists of a mode of constructing a nozzle for the end
of the tuyere or blow pipe of a blowing apparatus, the nozzle being constructed
with an annular chamber or annular chambers, into which or one of which
the end of the tuyere is fitted, and the chamber or inner chamber surrounds a
boss, through the centre of which the air passes to the fire. The nozzle is
composed of two pieces; one being the front or face, which is in contact with
the fire, and through an orifice in which the air passes into the fire, as already
mentioned; the other piece being the back or back plate, in which an orifice is
made to receive the end of the tuyere or blow pipes. If the interior of this
hollow nozzle be intended to have more than one annular chamber, the front
and back plates or pieces are furnished with the requisite number of bosses or

page_text: hoops or flat rings, alternately fixed upon the front and back plates, the boss
through which the air passes to the fire, as already mentioned, forming the inner
boss or ring; the second being exterior to that, and fixed upon the back plate;
and if the number be increased, the third fixed on the front plate, the fourth on
the back plate, and so on, according to the number of rings, the rings being
made of such sizes and so placed, that upon the two plates being put together
there shall be alternately a boss or ring fixed to the front plate and a boss or
ring fixed to the back plate concentric or nearly concentric with each other,
and the one within the other, and with spaces between them, so that they may
form two or more annular chambers, into the outer of which the air may be
blown, and passed through each of them in succession, until it shall finally
reach the orifice in the front plate through which it passes into the fire, as
already mentioned. The front or face of the nozzle being in contact with the
fire, that part of the nozzle and the annular chamber or annular chambers are
heated. The air is blown through the tuyere or blow pipe into the annular
chamber, or into the outer annular chamber (if more than one), from whence
it passes through the inner chamber or chambers (when there is more than
one), and ultimately through the centre of the bosses to the fire, in order to cool
or diminish the heat of the nozzle and parts connected therewith, and prevent
them from being destroyed so rapidly as the end of the ordinary bellows pipe
of a forge. Two or more tuyeres may be used for blowing the air into a
nozzle.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, .filed
by the said Jonathan Jopling in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th October 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JONATHAN
JOPLING, of Bishopwearmouth, in the County of Durham, Smith and Iron
Founder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her reign,
clid, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Jonathan Jopling, Her special licence that I, the said Jonathan Jopling, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jonathan
Jopling, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the

page_text: term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for." IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING THE
TUYERE USED FOR BLOWING IN FORGE AND OTHER FURNACES FROM THE ACTION OF THE
FIRE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jonathan Jopling,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jonathan Jopling, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say
My said Invention consists of a mode of constructing a nozzle for the end of
the tuyere or blow pipe of a blowing apparatus, the nozzle being constructed
with an annular chamber or annular chambers, into which or one of which
the end of the tuyere is fitted, and the chamber or inner chamber surrounds a
boss, through the centre of which the air passes to the fire. The nozzle is
composed of two pieces; one being the front or face, which is in contact with
the fire, and through an orifice in which the air passes into the fire as already
mentioned; the other piece being the back or back plate, in which an orifice is
made to receive the end of the tuyere or blow pipe. If the interior of this
hollow nozzle be intended to have more than one annular chamber, the front
and back plates or pieces are furnished with the requisite number of bosses or
hoops or flat rings, alternately fixed upon the front and back plates, the boss
through which the air passes to the fire, as already mentioned, forming the
inner boss or ring; the second being exterior to that, and fixed upon the back
plate; and if the number be increased, the third fixed on the front plate, the
fourth on the back plate, and so on, according to the number of rings; the
rings being made of such sizes and so placed, that upon the two plates being
put together there shall be alternately a boss or ring fixed to the front plate
and a boss or ring fixed to the back plate, concentric or nearly concentric
with each other, and the one within the other, and with spaces between them,
so that they may form two or more annular chambers, into the outer of which
the air may be blown and pass through each of them in succession, until it
shall finally reach the orifice in the front plate, through which it passes into the
fire, as already mentioned. The front or face of the nozzle being in contact

page_text: with the fire, that part of the nozzle and the annular chamber or annular
chambers are heated. The air is blown through the tuyere or blow pipe into
the annular chamber, or into the outer annular chamber (if more than one),
from whence it passes through the inner chamber or chambers (when there
is more than one), and ultimately through the centre of the boss to the fire, in
order to cool or diminish the heat of the nozzle and parts connected therewith,
and prevent them from being destroyed so rapidly as the end of the ordinary
bellows pipe of a forge. Two or more tuyeres may be used for blowing the
air into a nozzle.
The several Figures of the Drawings hereunto annexed represent different
views of a nozzle for the tuyere of the blowing apparatus of a forge or other
furnace constructed according to my said Invention.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of the nozzle, and Figure 2 a vertical section
of the same; Figure 3 is a back view of the front or face of the nozzle; and
Figure 4 is a front elevation of the back plate, with the front or face removed.
Similar parts are marked with similar letters in all the Figures. A, A, is the
back plate of the nozzle; and B, B, is the front or face of the same, which is
secured to the back plate by bolts and nuts passing through the apertures,
C, C; D is a boss or ring formed on the back plate A, A; and E is a similar
boss or ring of smaller dimensions, formed on the front or face B, B. These
bosses or rings, when the back plate and the front or face of the nozzle are
bolted together, come one within the other, so as to form annular chambers
F, G, within the nozzle, as above mentioned; H is an aperture in the back plate,
communicating with the annular chamber F, into which aperture is introduced
the end of the tuyere or pipe leading from the bellows or blowing machine, by
which air is supplied to the nozzle; and I is an aperture through the boss E,
by which the air passes from the nozzle to the fire of the forge or other
furnace; J is an aperture in the back plate A, A, for cleaning out the air
passage I through the boss E; and K is a similar aperture, for removing any
ashes that may collect in the annular chamber F. Both of these apertures
are closed by screw plugs J¹, K', when not in use, as shewn in Figure 2;
L, L, are bolt holes in the back plate A, A, for enabling it to be secured in
its place in the forge or other furnace.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim as of my
Invention is,
The mode of constructing a nozzle for the end of the tuyere or blow pipe of
a blowing apparatus for a forge or other furnace, in such manner that the air
shall be caused to traverse an annular chamber or annular chambers in the

page_text: said nozzle in its passage from the tuyere or blow pipe to the fire of the forge
or other furnace, whereby the said tuyere or blow pipe will be preserved from
the action of the fire, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jonathan Jopling, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of September, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-four.
JONATHAN JOPLING. (L.S.)