Improvements in Word and Character Counters and Registers and their. Attachments for Type Writing Machines and other.
Year: 1888

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Improvements in Word and Character Counters and Registers
and their. Attachments for Type Writing Machines and other.
'Purposes.
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"We ABRAHAM PULLAS of 306' New Cross Road in the County of Surrey Engineer
and WILLIAM SPENCE of Pemba Cottage Adelaide Road Surbiton in the County of
Surrey, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
•
The improvements.forniing our present invention relates to and are partly upon or
connected with the application for Letters Patent. No. 6981 dated the 12th of May;
1887, their object and scope being to combine with a leading screw in a compact form
readily applied for use a series of multiplying counting devices arranged to present
conspicuously the numeration for a high registration, to give notice of any predeter-
mined number of words or characters. or movements counted, to enable the counting
to be commenced or suspended at will and the adjustable devices to enable the counting
and registering to be commenced afresh at any desired point.
In front of the ratchet wheel on the extended end of the leading screw of the
gearless screw automatic word counters and registers described in the aforesaid..
application for letters patent, we fit a dial fixed to the bracket carrying the bearing
of the said leading screw, such dial being spaced into fifty divisions. The extreme
end of the leading screw is tapered or otherwise shaped to receive an indicating hand
or pointer for the dial fitting sufficiently tightly to travel with the leading screw but
not too tightly to be turned back to zero when required with reversing the action of
the mechanism. A scale plate with twenty five divisions to the inch is fixed in front,
of the leading screw upon the brackets carrying the same, and a half-nut is formed to
travel upon the leading screw and carry a pointer to ride over the scale plate. The
ratchet-wheel or the like.together with the leading-screw and pointer may be actuated
by the device described in the aforesaid previous application for Letters Patent or by
the improvement thereupon hereinafter described, and the operation of the counting
mechanism is as follows;-Each movement of the ratchet wheel causes a corresponding
movement of the leading screw which advances the dial pointer one division on the
dial thus counting the word or character written or printed, or the step movement of
the leading screw. This operation repeated fifty times completes the revolution of the
ratchet wheel, leading screw and dial pointer, and will have advanced the half-nut on

page_text: the leading screw the pointer thereupon now registering the first division on the scale
representing the fifty words, characters, or movements counted on the dial. In the
aforesaid previous application for Letters Patent the device described would not show the
numbers counted below thirty nor the intermediate numbers between the divisions
upon the scale, the reckoning of such numbers thus being liable to error. Our present
improvement exhibits every number counted from zero the first fifty and all inter-
mediate numbers between the divisions of fifty cach shown upon the scale being shown
upon the dial, and thus no mistake can be made in the total count and register.
Our automatic compound counter and register as applied to the side of a Caligraph
or Remington Type writing machine has a scale fourteen inches long registering
1,250 words per inch being a total 17,500. When applied to the front of these
machines it is ten inches long registering a total of 12,500. When applied to the
Hammond machine the scale is thirteen inches long registering 16,250 words or
characters. By making the dial and ratchet wheel to count one hundred instead of
fifty the number registered per inch upon the scale would be doubled, or by any similar
modification the mechanism could be made to count and register any number desired.
At the completion of a piece of work or the commencement of new matter the half-nut
may be lifted or turned off the leading screw and scale and placed at zero on the scale,
also the hand in front of the dial may be turned to zero. Instead of the dial being
fixed to the bracket as before described. it may be fixed to the ratchet wheel or the
ratchet wheel itself may be spaced off as a dial and the hand or pointer fixed to the
bracket or otherwise in which case the ratchet wheel and dial is turned to zero when
required before the half-nut is placed at zero on the scale. To retain a high counting
and registering capacity while reducing the length of the scale we place the ratchet
wheel or the like upon a spindle carrying a worm or short screw gearing into a
worm-wheel fixed upon the end of the leading screw, and over the end of the worm
spindle a counting dial is fitted, 'in front of which, carried upon the end of the worm
spindle, a movable pointer is placed. The side of the worm wheel is spaced, off, so
that each single division represents one revolution of the worm spindle, and as each of
these revolutions advances the worm wheel one tooth a slow rotating motion is thereby
given to the leading screw. The leading screw, worm spindle, counting dial and
registering scale' are all fixed to a frame which may be attached to the Type writer or
the like or adapted to any purpose it may required for. The operation of this device
is as follows: Each movement of the ratchet wheel causes a corresponding movement
of the worm spindle which advances the dial pointer one division on the dial thus
counting the word or character or, movement. This operation repeated fifty times
completes the revolution of the ratchet wheel, worm-spindle and dial pointer, and
has advanced the worm wheel one tooth, registering the first division upon its side,
representing the first fifty words or characters. The circumference of the. worm
wheel is divided into one hundred, and the wheel itself has one hundred teeth so that a
hundred revolutions of the worm spindle and ratchet wheel will produce one revolution
of the worin-wheel, and will register thereon 5000 words or characters. The leading
screw having also performed one revolution with the worm-wheel the half-nut
travelling thereon will have advanced to the first division on the scale registering
the 5000 words counted by the worn wheel, and so on for the successive divisions of
5000 words each. The scale is spaced off to twenty divisions per inch, thus registering
100,000 words or the like for each inch of length. By adding a pinion with ten teeth
to the side of the worm wheel and gearing into a wheel with 'one hundred teeth fixed
upon the leading screw a counting capacity of one million per inch upon the scale
would be obtained. The dial and worm-wheel hands and the pointer upon the scale
can be instantly set back to zero as before mentioned. Our improvements upon the
geared counter and register described in the aforesaid previous application for Letters
Patent are as follows:- -Whereas at the completion of a piece of work the counting
inechanism therein described would have to be reversed through the whole series of
numbers counted before commencing fresh matter, or otherwise the total of the first
count would have to be noted and subtracted from the total at the completion of the
second piece of work, and so on; we now make the dial hands or pointers movable
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page_text: upon their spindles and constructed in such a manner or by such device as shall enable
them to be returned to zero when required from any point of the numeration without
reversing the mechanism or making any detachment of the parts thereof.
Instead of the mechanism and word counter being fixed upon. the Type writing
machine direct as shown and described in the aforesaid previous application for Ietters
Patent it may be constructed upon a base or foundation plate entirely separate from
the machine and made either portable or to be fixed to a stand or table, and in such a
case the machine is placed on or over the same and is kept stationary by its own
weight or may be fixed thereto. Any counting or registering device may be
adapted easily and at small cost to the base or foundation plate whether such device is
attached to the machine or not, motion being transmitted to it by the mechanism
constructed upon the base-plate as aforesaid or the like actuated by the use of the
keyboard keys or the spacing bar or keys of Type writing or Caligraph machines, or
the counting and registering apparatus fixed upon the portable base or foundation
plate or the like can be worked independently of the keyboard keys, space bar or keys
by the foot through lovers or the like, or by the hand direct or by electricity.
In order to make the spacing bar of the Remington Type writer operate with equal
facility to the two spacing keys of the Caligraphi when extra space is required as
shown and described in the aforesaid previous application for Letters Patent and
enable such space to be obtained without moving the counting mechanism, we attach
a hinged joint to any suitable part of the spacing bar, so that by striking the same at
the end from which the counter is actuated the counting is performed and the ordinary
space obtained, and if more space is required the opposite end may be struck and by
the yielding of the hinged joint will act upon the carriage without affecting the
counting device.
In order to avoid the possibility of error in the use of our automatic counting
devices as shown and described in the aforesaid previous application for Letters Patent
by-the-operator omitting to strike the spacing bar or key at the end of the line (thus
counting one word short per line) we make an attachment between the top carriage and
the counting mechanism so that the act of pulling back the top carriage to commence
another line presses down a rod or the like and moves the counting device thus
counting the last word or character written without the spacing key being struck.
We find that in the use of our automatic counting devices as shown and described
in the aforesaid previous application for Letters Patent the action of some of the
keyboard keys will not move the mechanism far enough up to enable the spacing device
to operate thereon so as to count the word or character. This is caused by the unequal
throw of the horizontal key levers owing to the difference in distance between each
row of keys and the fulcrum spindle or centre of motion of the said levers, which is
in each case about three, quarters of an inch, producing in the Caligraph with six rows
of keys a difference in leverage of about four inches, and in the Remington Type
writer with four rows of keys, a difference of about two inches. We have invented a
device by which the motion given by the horizontal key levers to the rocking shaft
carrying the levers giving motion to the counting device is in all cases nearly equal
thus ensuring a correct movement of the parts.. Instead of the striking shown in
the previous application for Letters Patent we attach a wide tubular boss to the
rocking shaft having a series of levers or arms upon it like a comb corresponding in
number and position with the horizontal key levers and of various lengths to suit
the varying throw of the same. Or an unequally kerfed or slotted striking bar may
be substituted for the comb lever. Or the underside of the horizontal key levers may
be cut away just over the striking bar to varying depths so that they may travel
corresponding distances before coming in contact with the plain striking bar thus
producing the same, result upon the counting device as the comb-lever.
Dated this 24th of April 188s
A. PULLAN.
WM. SPENCE.

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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
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Improvements in Word and Character, Counters, and Registers
and their Attachments, for Type Writing Machines, and other
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We, ABRAHAM PULLAN of 306 New, Cross Road in the County of Surrey, Engineer
and WILLIAM SPENCE of Pemba Cottage, Adelaide Road: Surbiton,, in, the, County of
Surrey,, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
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The improvements forming our present invention relate to and are partly upon for
connected with Letters Patent No. 6981 dated the 12th day of May 1887 their object
and scope being to combine with a leading screw in a compact form readily applied
for use a series of uiultiplying counting devices arranged to present conspicuously the
numeration for a high registration, to enable the counting to be suspended at will and
commenced afresh at any desired point by means of adjustable devices; and to give
notice of any predetermined number of words, characters or movements counted:
Also to remedy certain defects in the counting and registering devices and in the
actuating mechanisin for the same shown and described in the said Letters Patent.
'
In order to enable our invention to be fully understood we will describe it by
reference to the accompanying drawings. We have not deemed it necessary to show
complete Type writing machines, only so much of the Caligraph and Remington
imachines as will serve to illustrate the application of our invention.Similar letters or
figures in all the drawings represent similar or corresponding parts.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of the Remington Type writer showing our
invention applied thereto..
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Fig. 2 is a part plan view of the same, and
Fig. 3 is a part front elevation of the same.
Fig. 4 is a device for obtaining the reciprocating movement of the rocking spindle
with both its arins or levers on the same side..
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Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a portion of the Caligraph Type writer showing our
gearless automatic counter and register attached along the side and also" across the
front thereof.
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Fig. 6 is a part plan view of the same.
The two counters shown in these two figures are not intended to be both applied
to the machine at once, being so shown merely to illustrate two modes of attach-
ment.
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Fig. 7 is a part front elevation showing a portion of the counter on the front of tho
machine.
Fig. 8 is a view of the counter and register as arranged for use on the front of the
machine shown détached therefrom.
Eig9is a part front elevation showing the dial of the counter on the side of the
machine.

page_text: Fig. 10 is a view of the counter and register as arranged for use on the side of the
machine shown detached therefrom.
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Fig. 11 is a plan view of the outside lever..
Fig. 12 is an elevation showing a geared word counter and the mechanism, for
actuating the same mounted on an independent base or foundation plate, with the
lower part of a Caligraph in position thereon.
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Fig. 13 is a plan view of same with the Type' writer removed. -
Fig. 14 is a plan view of the comb or striking levers on the rocking spindle.
Fig. 15 is an elevation of same with the outside lever.
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Figs. 16 and 17 show the means of securing the striking lovers on the rocking
spindle."
Figs. 18, 19, and 20 show' 'modifications of the comb or striking levers 'with the
means of attachment for same.
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Figs. 21 and 22 show the kerfed or notched striking bar:
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*11 Figs. 23 and 24 show a counter and register with worm-gearing; dials, and scale for
a high registration of reciprocating or oscillating inovements.
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Figs. 25 and 26 show a similar counter and register with multiple gearing and
"dials.
Fig 27 shows a device for duplicating the registering scales.
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Fig: 28 is a plan view of a single geared counter for counting revolutions o
Figs. 29 and 30 show'a revolution counter, with worm and multiple gearing and
'scale for high registration:
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Figs. 31 and 32 show a device for automatically counting the last word of a line
"without the spacing key being struck.
Fig. 33 is a part plan of the spacing bar of a Reunington Type writer showing a
hinged joint therein, and
Fig. 34 shows an eye to be fixed to the spacing bar lever (as shown on Fig. 33) för
the 'attachment of a connection with the counter.
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The first part of our present invention relates to the automatic counter and register
described in the specification of the aforesaid Letters Patent and shown by Figs. 23,
24, 25 and 26 in the drawings attached theroto, and is as follows Whereas the
'device' so slown and described would only register" the words or characters' counted
in divisions or batches of thirty each, there would be no record of the numbers below
thirty nor of the intermediate numbers, between the divisions upon the scale," and
therefore the reckoning of such numbers would be liable to error.
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We now provide à dial and pointer as shown in Figs. 1 to 3 and 5 to 10 inclusive.
This dial (numbered 15) is shown 'spaced into fifty divisions, but may be spaced" into
any number to suit the pitch of the leading screw and the marking of the scale, and
is formed with a flanged projection 48 at its lower side by which it is, attached
bearing block 35 with the screws. 46 The face of the dial fits over the end
of the leading screw 34 which is 'lengthened so as to pass through it and is then
tapered or otherwise shaped at its extremity 34 to receive the dial pointer '16' which
is secured thereon by the nut 48 and held sufficiently tightly to travel with the
leading screw 34 but not too tightly to be turned back to zero when required" without
continuing the action of the mechanism through the whole series
of numbers on the
dial, or detaching or throwing out of gear any parts of the counter or of the machine,
which would otherwise have to be done.png
The counter and register so improved is 'adapted to the Remington Type writer as
shown in Figs. 12, and 3 as follows to off
The mechanism for actuating the counter inay be the same as described in the afore-
said Letters Patent, the levers 7 carried by the rocking spindle 3 being placed 'under
the spacing bar levers 57 inside the machine frame A and an arm or lever 7" fixed on
the end of the rocking spindle 3 by a set screw 22, outside, the said machine frame,
and 'at either side of the machine it may be préferred to operate the counter from.
The said arm or lever 7 has a slot 20 in its end for the adjustment of a connecting
rod or link 8 by means of the pin'8" in its lower end. The upper end of the 'link's
is attached to a lug 24 on the end of the crank 23 by a pin 25 or other suitable'device.

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By these means the movement of the rocking spindle 3 is conveyed to the, crank 23
and ratchet lever or pawl 31.
The application of our improved automatic counter and register to the Caligraph is
the same as described in the aforesaid Letters Patent, and in both cases its operation
will be as follows:-The actuation of the ratchet wheel 33 by the pawl 31 and crank 23
as described in the said Letters Patent advances the pointer 16 one division on the
dial 15 thus counting the word or character written or printed, or the step movement
of the ratchet wheel 33 and leading screw 34. This operation is repeated until the
pointer 16 has completed the circuit of the dial 15 and the leading screw 34 has
described one revolution carrying the half nut 37 with the pointer 40 to the first
division on the scale 38 thus registering the number of words, characters, or move-
ments counted by the dial 15. By the continuance of this.action the half-nut 37 and
pointer 40 travels along the leading screw 34 and scale 38 registering thereon the
successive circuits of the pointer 16 round the dial 15, the intermediate numbers being
exhibited on the said dial, so that at the conclusion of the work or at any point in its
progress the register, may be taken without the possibility of error.
Our automatic counter and register as applied to the side of a Caligraph or
Remington Type writer has a scale fourteen inches long registering. twenty five
divisions or. 1250 words per inch being a total of 17,500. When applied to the front
of these machines it is ten inches long registering a total of 12,500. When applied to
the Hammond machine the scale is thirteen inches long registering 16,250. It could,
however, be of any length suitable to the machine. .At the end of the scale or the
completion of a piece of work the balf nut 37 could be lifted or turned off the leading
screw 34 and placed at zero on the scale; and the dial pointer 16 turned to zero on the
dial 15 as herein-before described. Instead of the dial 15. being fixed to the
bracket 35, it may be fixed to the side of the ratchet wheel 33 or the said
ratchet wheel itself may be spaced out as a dial and the hand or pointer fixed
to the bracket 35 or otherwise, in which case the ratchet wheel and dial is
turned to zero, when required, before the half-nut. is placed at zero on the scale.
In the geared counter and register. shown and described in the aforesaid Letters
Patent the dial hands numbered 16 are fixed upon their spindles, and therefore
at the completion of a piece of work the counting mechanism would have to
be thrown out of gear and reversed through the whole series of numbers counted before
.commencing fresh matter, or otherwise the first register would have to be
deducted from the total register at the completion of the second piece of work, and so
on. This defect we now remove by constructing the dial spindles and hands as
herein-before described, so that they may be returned to zero without reversing the
mechanism or detaching any of the parts thereof.
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By making the ratchet wheel with a hundred teeth. and the dial with a hundred
divisions instead of fifty the registering capacity of the counter would be doubled, or
by any similar modification it could be made to count and register any number
required.
The second part of our. invention consists in adapting the actuating mechanism
shown and described in the aforesaid Letters Patent for use with a counter in such a
manner as to enable it to be operated with the least possible amount of power by
utilizing the greatest leverage that will produce a motion.
For this purpose the oscillating motion of the rocking spindle must be produced in
both directions from the same side, and we effect this by the device, shown in
Figs. 5, 6, 9 and 10 applied to our compound automatic counter and register which is
fixed on the side of the Caligraph by the bearing blocks 35 and screws 46. The
rocking spindle 34, extending beneath the horizontal key levers 1, and carried in the
bearings 4 in the machine frames A, is placed in such a position as to enable
the striking bar 6 to be as near the fulcrum of the said key levers as possible while
receiving from them sufficient throw to operate the counter. Upon the bosses of the
spacing key levers 14 we fix the angle levers 26 which thus work with them upon the
pin 47. (In new machines, these angle levers, would, be made in one piece with
the spacing key levers). They are formed with a returned, end 27 which projects

page_text: under the lever 5 which carries the striking bar 6 and is fixed upon the rocking spindle
by the set screw 22. The lever 7, also fixed upon the said rocking spindle by a set
screw 22 is connected at its end to a slotted lug or link 24 formed on the under side
of the crank 23 at the crank pin end thereof. The operation of this device is as
follows: The depression of the horizontal key levers 1 in commencing writing
depresses the striking bar 6, and the levers 5 are thus lowered to the returned ends of
the angle levers. 26. At the same time the oscillation of the rocking spindle 3 raises
the lever 7 which carries up the slotted lug 24 and the ratchet lever 31. When the
word or character is written the spacing key is struck, raising the angle lovers 26 and
depressing the lever 7, thus drawing down the ratchet lever 31 and actuating the
counter. The striking bar 6 is again raised to the underside of the horizontal levers 1
where it remains ready for the next operation.
Another device which we employ for this purpose is shewn in Fig. 4 in connection
with the Remington type-writer and is as follows:-The rocking spindle 3 and striking
bar 6 as before are placed as near as possible to the fulcrum of the horizontal key
levers, and on the said rocking spindle is fixed a bevel wheel 28 gearing into
another hevel wheel 29 carried by a bracket 32 or otherwise in any convenient position.
The lever 7 extending under the spacing bar lever 5 on the same side of the rocking
spindle as the striking bar, runs loose upon the said recking spindle and is formed
with a bevel-toothed boss 30 which gears into the bevel wheel 29 on the opposite side
to the fixed bevel wheel 28, and is kept in its place by the collar 7.
Thus the motion transmitted to the lever 7 through the bevel gearing by the
depression of the striking bar 6 is opposite in direction to that of the said striking bar,
and the counter, being connected to the lever 7 will be operated in the same manner
as herein before described.
In cases where the counting lever is required to have a greater throw than the
striking bar 6, the counting lever 7 may be added to the mechanism as shown in
Fig. 2, but made to run loose on the rocking spindle 3 and be actuated by inultiplying
bevel gearing either from the fixed bevel wheel 29 or from the bevel toothed boss 30 on-
the lever 7. With these arrangements of the actuating mechanism a counter and
register may be applied to the sile or to the back of the machine or in any position
thereon in which it can be operated with the least possible expenditure of power, but
as other devices may be employed to obtain this reverse motion of the levers on the
rocking spindle 3 we do not confine ourselves to the devices, either of levers or bevel
gearing herein described.
The third part of our invention is shown in Figs. 12 and 13, and is as follows:-Instead
of the counter and register and its actuating mechanism being fixed upon the Type
writing machine direct as shown and described in the aforesaid Letters Patent we
construct and fix them upon a base or foundation plate entirely separate from the
machine and made either portable or to be fixed to a stand or table.
The base-plate B is made of wood or any other suitable material, and is provided
with bosses E to receive the feet F of the machine or with any other means of
supporting the same when placed upon it. The weight of the machine would be
sufficient to keep it down steady upon the base-plate but it could be clamped or
otherwise secured if desired. Two bearings Care fixed upon the base-plate B for the
rocking spindle to work in, and the counter is fixed to a solid block or blocks G formed
upon the side of the base plate or in any convenient position by the screws 10" or
otherwise. The construction and operation of the actuating mechanism is the same
as herein-before described, or as described in the aforesaid Letters Patent, excepting a
modification of the means of contact between the lever end 11 and the spacing key
lever 14 of the Caligraph as follows-Instead of the "slotted link 8" shown therein
attached to the underside of the lever end 11, we fix a vertical striking spindle 13 on
the upper side thereof by means of the holes 21. This striking spindle has a slotted
cross lead 8 in which works the disc-pin 9 of the counter 10, and at its upper end a
radial bearing piece 12, for the spacing key lever 14 to work upon. All the parts are
made adjustable with set screws or the like so as to be easily adapted to any machine®
in use. The base-plate may if desired be made with hinges so as to fold up for

page_text: convenience of transit, and any counting and registering device can be easily and,
cheaply adapted to it, whether such device is attached to the machine or not, motion
being transmitted thereto by the mechanism constructed upon the independent base-
plate, the use of which forms the special feature of this part of our invention. Any,
modification of the actuating mechanism operated by the key, levers of Type writing
niachines may be used, or a counting and registering apparatus fixed upon the portable
base-plate may be actuated independently of such key levers by the hand direct, by,
the foot through levers or the like or by electricity.
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The fourth part of our invention relates to the actuating mechanism for operating,
the counter and is shown in Figs. 14 to 22 inclusive. We find that in the use of the
automatic counting devices shown and described in the aforesaid Letters Patent, the,
action of some of the horizontal key levers 1 will not give the actuating mechanism,
sufficient throw, to enable the spacing device to operate theroon so as to work the
counter. This is caused by the unequal throw of the said horizontal key levers,,
owing to the difference in distance between each row of keys on the keyboard and the,
fulcrum or centre of motion, of the said levers, which in each case is about three.
quarters of an inch, producing in the Caligraph, which has six rows of keys, a
difference in leverage of about four inches, and in the Remington Type writer, with
four rows of keys; a difference of about two inches.
303
Therefore, to compensate for this unequal throw of the horizontal levers 1, we place
upon the rocking spindle 3, instead of the striking bar 6 and levers 5, a series of
striking levers or arms 49 corresponding in number and position to the said horizontal
levers and of various lengths, so arranged that the horizontal levers with the shortest
throw act upon the longest striking, levers and vice versa, thus conveying an equal and
uniform movement through the rocking spindle from them all. They are attached to
the rocking spindle 3 by a key or feather 50 let into the same and projecting into a key-
way-
the bosses of the levers as shown in Fig. 16. Lateral movement of the striking
levers is prevented by the collars 51. In the Caligraph these collars have keyways 52
which enables them to pass over the end of the feather 50 and drop into a notch made
therein to receive them, a slight turn bringing the solid, part of the collar into the
notch thus locking the levers together.
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The collars are then secured by the set screws 53.
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In the Remington Type writer the feather 50 is only long enough to carry the
bosses of the levers 49 between the two levers 7 which are secured by the set,
screws 22.
Instead of the striking levers 49 being made separately they may be made solid
with a wide tubular boss 54, which is secured upon the rocking spindle by the set
screwe 22, as shown in fig. 18. Or they may be separately secured to the said rocking
spindle by means of a set screw or pin 22, which would enable any of the characters
in a piece of work to be omitted from the count by loosening the striking lever 49
corresponding to the horizontal lever 1 representing such character and turning it'
down out of reach of the same.
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"A modification of this device may be made by providing the striking bar 6 carried
on the levers 5, with a series of notches or kerfs in its upper surface, of varying deptlis
to suit the varying throw of. the horizontal key levers 1, as shown in Figs. 21 and 22.
By means of the screws, 22" and slots 20 it could be adjusted on the levers 5 so as
to produce the same result as the striking levers 49, but neither this; nor the two first
described arrangements of this device will permit the omission of any characters from
the count. If the use of a plain striking bar were preferred, the horizontal key levers
themselves could be cut away, over the same, to varying depths so as to travel
corresponding distances before coming into contact therewith.
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The fifth part of our invention relates to the suspension of counting during the
progress of work. This may be easily effected with the Caligraph or any similar
machine with two spacing keys, by removing or turning down the lever 7 at the
opposite side to which the counter is attached, leaving the corresponding spacing key,
entirely unconnected with the counting mechanism and available either for extra
space, or for complete suspension of the count. 'In order to make the spacing bar of
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page_text: the Remington Type writer operate with equal facility for these purposes we make a
hinged joint in the spacing bar, as shown in Fig. 33, at any suitable point therein, so
that when it is struck at the end from which the counter is actuated the counting is
performed and the ordinary space obtained. If additional space is required, or
counting is to be suspended, the opposite end is struck and by the yielding of the
hinged joint the spacing mechanism will act upon the carriage without affecting the
counting device.
We do not limit ourselves to the connection of the counter and register to the
spacing mechanism by the devices herein shown and described, as this may be done
by means of an eye piece 100 fixed to the space bar lever in any suitable position, or
the striking bar 6 may be connected to the first motion spindlo of the counter in com-
bination with a cross bar also connected thereto and to the spacing device of the
machine: Also the rocking spindle may be applied below the horizontal key levers 1
as shown, or above them, with connections, made from levers carried on the said
rocking spindle, down to the striking bar and to. the counter and spacing device of
the machine.
The sixth part of our invention consists in providing a means whereby the possibility
of error in the use of our automatic counting devices by the operator omitting. to strike
the spacing bar or key at the end of the line (thus counting one word short per line)
is avoided, and is shown in Figs. 31 and 32. To the frame of top carriage we attach
a trip 58 by the screw 63. The inclined faces of the said trip are made at such an
angle as to easily pass over the rounded end of the push-rod 59, which is thereby
depressed in the passage of the carriage back to commence the next line, the lower
end of the said push rod descending through the guide-box 60, and striking the counter
crank 23 thus actuating the counter and.registering the last word of the line. The
guide box 60 is furnished with a spring 61 to cause the push-rod to rebound after the
passage of the trip, and also with a lug 62 by which it is secured to the machine
frame A with the screw 63. The upper part of the push-rod 59 is provided with a
knuckle joint 64, to enable the trip to pass over it without resistance as the carriage.
moves onwards to the end of the line.
This device may be adapted to any kind of Type writer in combination with a
counting apparatus of any suitable description.
The seventh part of our invention consists in adapting our automatic compound
counter and register to retain a high counting and registering capicity while reducing
the length of the leading screw and scale, and in rendering the same applicable to
Type writing machines and to other purposes, as shown in Figs. 23 to 30. inclusive.
Instead of applying the ratchet wheel 33 and units dial pointer 16 upon the end of
the leading screw 34 direct, we fix them upon the end of a wormi spindle 65, carried
in bearings transversely to the said leading screw upon the end of which we fix a worm
wheel 67, engaging the worm 66. A units dial (shown in Fig. 23, spaced into fifty
divisions) is fitted over the end of the worm spindle 65 in front of the ratchet wheel 33,"
and a tens and hundreds counting dial 15 is fitted over the end of the leading screw 34.
A dial pointer 16 and 17 is fixed in front of each of these dials 15 in the same manner
as herein-before described. The leading screw 34 is carried by the bearing 35, at the
front of which the registering scale 38, which may be spaced out for two inches or
less in length, is fixed by the screw.46. A half-nut 37 with a pointer 40 travels upon
the said leading screw and scale as herein-before described.
The whole mechanism is carried upon a frame 71, which may be attached to the
Type writer or the like or adapted to any purpose it may be suitable for.
The dial and the cap 68 for the worm spindle bearings are attached by lugs or
flanges 69 with set screws 70 as shown.
.
The operation of this device is as follows:-Each movement of the ratchet wheel 33.
causes a corresponding movement of the worm spindle 65 and advances the pointer 16
one division of the units,dial 15, thus counting the word or movement. This operation
is repeated until the pointer 16 has completed the circuit of the dial 15, when the
worm will have described one revolution advancing the worm wheel 67 one tooth
which in like manner advances the tens and hundreds dial pointer 17 one division on

page_text: ·
the dial 15 thus registering the number of words or movements counted on the units
dial 15. The worm wheel 67 has one hundred teeth as shown in Fig. 22, and the dial
in front thereof is spaced into one hundred divisions, so that one circuit thereof registers
a hundred revolutions of the worm 66 and units dial pointer, or 5000 words or move-
ments. The leading screw 34 will also perform one revolution with the worm wheel 67,
carrying the half nut and pointer 40 one division along the scale 38, registering the
5000 counted on the dial 15 by the said revolution of the worm wheel 67, and so on.
for the successive divisions of 5000 each. The scale 38 is spaced off to twenty
divisions per inch representing a capacity of 100,000 for each inch in length. For
purposes where a capacity of 5000 would be sufficient, this device could be used with-
out the leading screw and scale thus forming a very handy and compact counter. To
increase its capacity we construct' it as shown in Figs. 25 and 26. Instead of the
worm-wheel 67 and dial pointer 17 being carried on the end of the leading screw 34
we mount them on a spindle 74, on which, in front of the worm wheel 67 we place a
pinion with say ten teeth, engaging a wheel 73, with say a hundred teeth, fixed on
the end of the leading screw 34 as before described. The frame 71 is made with
an additional bearing 75 to carry the said spindle 74, and with a base and side
frame if required. An additional dial 15 and pointer 18 are also provided, the
dial spaces out to register ten revolutions of the worm wheel 67 and pointer 17,
or 50,000 words or movements. The scale, spaced, as before, would thus register
1,000,000 per inch. The back-stop 43 to the ratchet wheel 33, instead of being
applied in the box 44, could be attached to the base of frame 71, as shown.
further increase the capacity of this device without more multiplying wheels, we
attach an additional leading screw and scale, operated as shown in Fig. 27. The
said additional leading screw and scale 76 and 77 are fixed upon the frame .71 of
the counter in any convenient position so that a toothed wheel 78 fixed upon one
end of the same may gear witli a similar and equal toothed wheel 79, upon the
rear end of the first leading screw 34. This wheel 79 runs loose and is provided
with a toothed boss 80, which engages. a set of similar teeth on the side of a
sliding collar 81. A feather 82 is let into the end of the leading screw 34 for
the said collar to travel upon, and a spring 83 is placed between the collar and
the boss 80 to keep them out of gear until the half-nit 37 has traversed the
entire length of the said leading screw, when as it works off the thread of same
it will force the, collar 81 along the said feather 82 into gear with the boss 80 of
the wheel 79 which will thus transmit the motion of the leading screw 34 through
the wheel 78 to the leading screw 76, which will continue the register in the
same manner as before. Instead of the leading screws and scales endless tapes
could be arranged to travel between the spindles of the counting dials with a
scale marked upon it and a fixed pointer, constituting an endless counter and
register.
To
The foregoing devices are arranged to be operated by a reciprocating or oscillating
motion, but our invention can be adapted to count and register a revolving motion
as follows: Where a short trial of speed only is required we construct the
counter as shown in Fig. 28. The frame 71 is fixed to the handle 84 by the
screws 85, and has two bearings 35 to carry the leading screw 34, on the front
end of which is fixed a spur wheel 73 engaging a spur pinion 72 carried upon a
spindle 86. This spindle works in a boss. 87 made in a convenient. position on
the frame 71, and its outer end is pointed. so as to be applied to the centre of
the revolving body whose speed is to be tested, or a sleeve may be attached to.
fit upon the ends of spindles or the like. A counting scale is fixed to the
bearings 35, in front of the leading screw 34, by the set screws 46, and a half.
nut 37 with pointer. 40, travels along the said leading screw and scale as before
described. The scale is divided off into spaces to correspond with the pitch of the
leading screw, and these spaces are sub-divided to correspond with the proportion
between the spur wheel 73 and pinion 72, so that each revolution of the said
spindle S6 is registered on the scale 38.
We adapt our invention with a high counting and registering capacity for

page_text: a
application to a revolving motion as shown in Figs. 29 and 30. A driving
spindle S6, with a worm 66 formed upon it, is carried in. bearings 87 fixed or
made upon the frame 88. A worm wheel 67 gearing with the worm 66 is carried
on a spindle 74 working in a bearing 75 also made upon the said frame in any
convenient position. This frame is made in three pieces, viz. the back plate. and
handle SS, with top and bottom cross pieces 89 and 90; the hinged side frame 91:
hung on the top cross piece 89 by the pin joint 92; and the front plate 93, fixed
to the back plate 88 by the screws 94. The spindle 74, carrying the worm
wheel 67, also carries a spur pinion 72, (which may, if desired be made upon the side of
the said worm wheel) gearing into a spur wheel 73, carried on a spindle 95 working
in a bearing in the front plate 93. A leading screw 34, is carried in bearings 35
fixed upon the front plate 93 by screws 36, and upon its upper end is secured a
bevel wheel 96 gearing into a similar bevel wheel 97 upon the spindle 95 in front
of the said front plate. A scale plate 38 is fixed with screws 46 upon the
bearings 35 in front of the leading screw 34, and a half-nut 37 with pointer 40
travels upon the same as before described, and is held up to its place by
pin 37"
in the back part of same, which projects against the lower edge of the scale plate.
The two wheels 67 and 73 are spaced out on their sides as dials to count units
and tens, and hundreds and thousands respectively, the indicating hands or
pointers 16 and 17 being fixed upon the frame. By means of the pinion 72 each
revolution of the wheel 67 is registered by the wheel 73, the revolutions of which
are in turn registered upon the scale plate 38 by means of the leading screw 34
and bevel wheels. Therefore if the worin wheel 67 is arranged to count a hundred
revolutions of the driving spindle 86 and worm 66, and the spur. gearing is in
the ratio of ten to one the, wheel 73 will count ten revolutions of the worm wheel
or, one thousand revolutions. The leading screw, by means of the equal bevel
gearing, makes one revolution for each revolution of the wheel 73, and the scale 38
being spaced off to suit the pitch of the said leading screw (say twenty five divisions
per inch) will thus register one thousand by each division or twenty five thousand per
inch. When it is desired to return the counter to zero, the screwed pin 98 which secures
the side frame 91 to the bottom cross piece 90, is unscrewed by the cross rod 99 and
by moving the side frame on the joint 92 the worm wheel 67 and spur pinion 72 are
lifted out of gear so that both counting wheels may be instantly set to zero. The half
nut 37 may be released by removing the pin 37", and also returned to zero.. The said
leading screw may if desired be enclosed in a tube, in which case the nut travelling
upon it would be made in two halves to fit together and entirely encircle the screw;
each half provided with an arm and joined together by a spring joint so that by
closing the arms the split nut is opened and may be moved along clear of the screw
threads. The tube is made large enough to allow the split nut to open as described,
and is provided with a slot, extending the length of the scale, through which the
jointed arms of the split nut project and which serves as a guide to the same. The
scale is marked off on the side of the tube and the pointer made or fixed upon one of
the arms of the said split nut so as to travel with it. This arrangement of the leading
screw, split-nut and scale could of course be adopted in any of our automatic compound.
counters herein described, either singly or in multiple (as shown in Fig. 27),
and actuated by gearing or by a motion applied direct, or to the first of the
series.
We do not confine ourselves to the form or extent of the mutiplying gearing, or of
the screws and scales, or of the tapes or the like which may be arranged to travel
between the same; and it is evident that by introducing any reversing motion
our invention could be made an endless counting machine in a very small
space.
In order to give notice of any predétermined number of words, characters
or movements having been counted, a bell or gong may be fixed to any convenient
part of the counter so that the bell-hammer may be tripped by the indicating hands or
pointers or by any suitable device for that purpose.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
'
1. The combination, in a counting and registering apparatus for Caligraph or Type
writing Machines, with a leading screw having an adjustable half nut to travel upon
it the said half nut having an indicating hand or pointer, a scale plate fixed in front
of the said leading screw for the said pointer to register upon, and a ratchet wheel
fixed upon the said leading screw, of a counting dial spaced out for units and tens
and a movable hand or pointer fitted upon the end of the said leading screw in front
of the said dial; or of the said ratchet wheel having its side spaced out as a dial; or
of a dial attached to the said ratchet wheel, and fixed registering hands or pointers
for same motion being given to the ratchet wheel by a ratchet lever or the like
connected to the manipulating devices of the said machines, substantially as herein
shown and described.
2. In any counting and registering apparatus for a Type writer the hands or
pointers on the dial thereof being frictionally connected with their spindles so that
they may be set back to zero without turning or detaching the ratchet wheels or
gearing or levers of the counter or of the machine to which it is applied, substantially
as herein shown and described.
3. In the actuating mechanism for a counter for Type writers or the like, the com-
bination with a rocking spindle 3 and levers 7 of a series of arms or levers attached
to the said rocking spindle substantially as 'and for, the purposes shown and
described.
4. In the actuating mechanism for a counter for Type writers. or the like, the
, combination with a rocking spindle 3 levers 7 and levers 5 of a striking bar with
notches or kerfs of various depths substantially as and for the purposes shown and
described.
5. For a counting and registering apparatus the combination with the spacing key
levers of the Caligraph Type writer or the like of the levers fixed to the bosses
thereof, the bent levers, the rocking spindle 3 the striking bar 6 or the like and the
connections from the rocking spindle to the lever fixed on the end of the leading
screw substantially as herein shown and described:
6. In the actuating mechanism for a counter för Type writers or the like, the
combination with a rocking spindle 3, levers and striking bar 5 and 6 or the like and
levers 7, of bevel gearing or its equivalent substantially as and for the purposes
spécified.
'
7. In combination with an automatic word counter and register for Type writers a
suitable trip or the like fitted to the "carriage" of the machine and a push-rod
to act on the said counter substantially as and for the purpose shown and
described.
8. In combination with a word counter and register applied to a Remington Type
writer or the like, the spacing levers 57, by one of which the counter may be
operated, and the spacing board 14 connected thereto and having a hinged joint 56
fitted in any suitable position substantially as and for the purposes shown and
described.
•
;
9. The combination for a counting and registering apparatus for Type writers or
the like of a portable or fixed base or foundation plate with any automatic or non-
automatic counting device, and adjustable actuating mechanism for the same, fitted
upon the said foundation plate separate from the Type writer and operated by the
printing and spacing key levers thereof or otherwise substantially as herein shown
and described.
10. The fixed or portable base or foundation plate with the adjustable actuating
mechanism only fixed upon it and arranged to operate any counting and registering
device whether the same is fixed upon a Type writing machine or otherwise, not being
upon the base plate; the said machine being placed upon the base plate or in any
convenient position, substantially as herein specified.

page_text: 11. In a counting and registering apparatus for Type writers and other purposes,
the combination of a worm spindle carrying a ratchet wheel or the like a primary
counting dial a movable dial pointer fitted on the end of the worm spindle in front of
the said dial, a leading screw carrying a worm wheel gearing with the worm on the
worm spindle, a secondary counting dial fixed in front of the said worm wheel, a
movable dial pointer fitted on the end of the leading screw in front of the said dial, a
registering scale fixed in front of the leading screw and an adjustable half-nut to
travel thereupon having a hand or pointer to indicate upon the registering scale,
substantially as herein shown and described.
12. A counting and registering apparatus comprising a worm spindle with a ratchet
wheel or the like a primary counting dial a movable dial hand a worm wheel gearing
with the worn on the said worm spindle and a secondary counting dial and pointer in
front of the said worm wheel, with or without other multiplying gear, dials, leading
screw or screws, registering scales, and adjustable hands, half-nuts and pointers,
substantially as herein shown and described.
13. A 'counting and registering apparatus comprising multiplying gearing, a
leading screw or screws, a registering scale or scales and adjustable nuts and pointers ;
a rotary motion being applied to the first motion spindle of the multiplying gearing
or direct to the first leading screw so as to count revolutions, substantially as herein
shown and described.
worm
14. An apparatus for counting and registering revolutions comprising a
spindle driving a worm-wheel spaced out as a primary counting dial, multiplying
gearing driven off the worm wheel spindle the large wheel thereof being spaced out as
a secondary counting dial, a leading screw driven by bevel gearing or otherwise off
the said secondary counting wheel or dial spindle, a half or split nut to travel upon
the leading screw and register with a pointer on a scale fitted in front thereof, and
fixed hands or pointers to indicate on the said counting dials; the whole mounted
upon a hinged or jointed frame so as to be instantly thrown out of gear and the dials
returned to zero, substantially as herein shown and described.
Dated this 29th day of October 1888