IMPROVEMENTS IN WARMING AND VENTILATING ROOMS AND APARTMENTS, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Smith, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Baker, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARMING AND VENTILATING
ROOMS AND APARTMENTS, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Smith at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st December 1880.
JAMES SMITH, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Baker. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WARMING AND VENTILATING ROOMS AND APARTMENTS, AND IN APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN."
This relates to warming and ventilating at the same time rooms and apartments
in dwelling houses and other structures by open fire grates and accessories as here-
after described, the said open fire grates being suitable for coal, peat, and other
heating agents, but especially so for anthracite and coke.
The warming and ventilating above mentioned are effected by two regulated
currents of air admitted from outside the building or compartment by separate
passages or ways. One current serves to supply oxygen to the fuel in the fire
grate, and the other to introduce fresh air for breathing and for chimney draft.
In carrying my Invention into practice I use any ordinary or convenient open
fire grate, and close the ash pit by a tight fitting cover of metal or other material.
In the said closed ash pit the end of a way or passage brought from outside the
building terminates. The said way or passage conveys air to support combustion,
and is provided with a regulating valve or its equivalent, so that the supply can be
controlled. In some cases the end of the way or passage is provided with closers
arranged to increase or diminish the area of the entrance for air, and in that way
serve to fan a fire and cause rapid combustion. At any convenient part of a room
or compartment, but by preference near the ceiling cornice I admit fresh air
from outside the building, diffusing the air so that cold currents are avoided ;
and I regulate the admission of such fresh air by a controlling valve or its
equivalent.
The essential feature of my Invention is the employment in combination of the
separate regulated currents for the purposes described.

page_text: fuel is required anthracite or coke is used alone or together. When anthracite coal
is used combustion is mainly supported by air entering the ashpit through the way
or passage d. When bituminous coal alone is used.combustion is mainly carried on
by currents of air through the perforated front i of the chamber f.
It will be obvious that by regulating the position of the valves at d and e any
desired inflow of fresh air can be obtained, and any suitable speed of combustion
secured.
Having now described and illustrated my said Invention in such manner that
others will be enabled to carry my improvements into effect, I claim,―
The improvements in warming and ventilating rooms and apartments, sub-
stantially as herein set forth.
The apparatus for warming and ventilating rooms and apartments arranged,
constructed, and combined to operate conjointly, substantially as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Smith, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Eighteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty one.
JAMES JOHNSON,
4, Clayton Sqr.,
L'pool.
Witness.
JAMES SMITH. (L.S.)