IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF KINDS OF PENHOLDERS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS MAY ALSO BE APPLIED TO PENCIL CASES AND HOLDERS FOR CRAYONS AND OTHER SOLID WRITING OR MARKING MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Wiley, of Graham Street, Birming-
ham, in the County of Warwick, Gold Pen and Pencil Case Manufacturer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
KINDS OF PENHOLDERS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS MAY ALSO BE APPLIED TO PENCIL
CASES AND HOLDERS FOR CRAYONS AND OTHER SOLID WRITING OR MARKING
MATERIALS."
Sealed the 14th November 1862, and dated the 23rd May 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Wiley
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd May 1862.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD WILEY, of Graham Street, Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Gold Pen and Pencil Case Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN
KINDS OF PENHOLDERS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS MAY ALSO BE APPLIED TO PENCIL CASES
AND HOLDERS FOR CRAYONS AND OTHER SOLID WRITING OR MARKING MATERIALS,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to those kinds of penholders. called "orthodactylic
penholders," that is, penholders having a series of finger and thumb plates
disposed on their surfaces, by which plates the correct position of the fingers.

page_text: and thumb on the said holders is obtained. Each of the said finger and thumb
plates is ordinarily made of a separate piece of metal, and is fixed to the
penholder by soldering, or by means of a sliding ring.
My Invention consists, firstly, in making a set or series of the said finger
and thumb plates from one piece of sheet metal, by which method of manu-
facture great economy in their production is effected.
In carrying the first part of my Invention into effect, I cut out, by means
of dies worked in a press, blanks consisting of three elliptical-shaped pieces of
metal joined together by short strips or connections. By means of shaping
tools the edges of the said elliptical pieces are turned over, so as to round
them, and a hollow concave finger given to the said pieces, so that the
fingers and thumb can rest firmly thereon. The middle finger plate is after-
wards bent into a plane at right angles to the other two plates, and the set of
finger and thumb plates is then ready to be fixed to the penholder. The
fastening of the set of plates to the penholder may either be effected by small
tongues or projecting pieces on the said plates engaging in piercings on the
penholder, and fixed with or without the addition of solder, or by soldering the
said set of plates without tongues or projecting pieces to the penholder.
My Invention consists, secondly, in fastening the finger and thumb plates
of orthodactylic penholders, when each of the said plates is made of a separate
piece of metal, to the penholder by means of small tongues or projecting pieces
on the said plates engaging in piercings in the penholder, the said tongues or
projecting pieces being fixed with or without the addition of solder.
My Invention also consists in applying the finger and thumb plates made
in either of the ways before described to pencil cases and holders for crayons
or other solid writing or marking material.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Wiley in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 17th November 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM. 3
EDWARD WILEY, of Graham Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Gold Pen and Pencil Case Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign, 3

page_text: did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Edward Wiley, Her special licence that I, the said William Edward
Wiley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Edward Wiley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF PENHOLDERS, WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS MAY ALSO BE APPLIED TO PENCIL CASES AND HOLDERS POR CRAYONS AND
OTHER SOLID WRITING OR MARKING MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Edward Wiley, my executors or administra-
tors, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Wiley, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention; and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention relates to those kinds of penholders called "orthodactylio
penholders," that is, penholders having a series of finger and thumb plates
disposed on their surfaces, by which plates the correct position of the fingers
and thumb on the said holders is obtained. Each of the said finger and
thumb plates is ordinarily made of a separate piece of metal, and is fixed to
the penholder by soldering or by means of a sliding ring.
My Invention consists, firstly, in making a set or series of the said finger
and thumb plates of one piece of sheet metal, by which method of manu-
facture great economy in their production is effected.
:
In carrying the first part of my Invention into effect, I cut out by means of
dies, worked in a press, blanks consisting of three elliptical pieces or plates of
metal, joined together by short strips or connections.. Figure l' of the Drawing
represents, in plan and edge view, a blank of this kind. a, b, c, are the
elliptical plates, and d are the strips or connections. By means of shaping
tools the edges of the elliptical plates of the blank, Figure 1, are turned over,
so as to round them, and a hollow or concave figure given to the said plates,
so that the fingers and thumb can rest firmly thereon. Figure 2 represents

page_text: in plan and section the finger and thumb plates a, b, c, in this stage of their
manufacture. The thumb plate a and finger plate care then bent into a
plane nearly at right angles to the middle finger plate b, and the set of plates
is then ready to be fixed to the penholder. The fastening of the set of plates
to the penholder may either be effected by small tongues or projecting pieces
on the said 'plates engaging in piercings in the penholder, and fixed with or
without the addition of solder, or by soldering the said set of plates without
tongues or projecting pieces to the penbolder.
Figure 3 represents front and back elevations of the metal part of an
orthodactylic penholder, the finger and thumb plates of which are made
according to this part of my Invention, the said plates being fastened to the
holder by soldering. When the set of plates is fastened to the holder by
tongues on the said plates, the necessary projections are left on the blank and
piercings are made in the metal part of the holder, in which the said projections
or tongues are inserted and fixed by clinching them on the inner surface of
the holder.
My Invention consists, secondly, in fastening the finger and thumb plates of
orthodactylic penholders, when each of the said plates is made of a separate
piece of metal, to the penholder, by means of small tongues or projecting pieces
on the said plates engaging in piercings in the penholder, the said tongues or
projecting pieces being fixed with or without the addition of solder. Or the
top and bottom plates may be fixed by a tongue on one end of the plate,
engaging in a piercing in the holder and a pierced projection on the other end
of the plate engaging with an ear on the end of the holder.
t
Figure 4 represents in plan and edge view the blank from which the top
and bottom plates of the holder are made, the said blank having tongues or
projections e, f, at opposite ends. By means of shaping tools the edges of the
blank, Figure 4, are turned over, and the middle part made, slightly concave.
The projecting tongue or ear e is afterwards pierced; Figure 5 represents in
plan and edge view a finished plate made as described; Figure 6 represents
in plan and edge view the blank from which the finished middle finger plate,
Figure 7, is made, the said plate being made from the blank in the way.
described with reference to Figure 5; Figure 8 represents the blank from
which I make the metal part of the holder to which the plates Figures 5 and 7.
are to be fastened; Figure 9 represents the blank after it has been pierced;
and Figure 10 represents in elevation the metal part of a holder made from
the blank, Figure 9, in the ordinary way; Figure 11 represents in section the
holder, Figure 10, having a set of plates fastened thereto; and Figure 12

page_text: represents a side elevation of a finished orthodactylic penholder provided with
plates made according to this part of my Invention. In fastening the finger
plate g and thumb plate h to the holder, the tongue f of each of the said plates
is passed into the piercing in the holder, and the pierced ear or tongue e made
to engage with the ear i on the penholder. The tongue f is afterwards
clinched or flattened upon the inside of the holder, and the tongue e flattened
upon the ear i. The middle plate k is fastened by the engagement of the
tongues 1, 1, in the piercings in the holder, and clinching them on the inner
surface of the holder. Instead of making a tongue on one end only of the
top and bottom plates g, h, and making a pierced ear on the other end of each
of the said plates, a tongue may be made on each end of the plates, in which
case the said plates are made to engage with the barrel of the holder in the
manner described, and represented with reference to the middle plate k. In
this case the barrel of the holder is made somewhat longer than usual, and
has piercings in place of the projecting cars i, i. The tongues or projecting
pieces e, f, and 1, 1, of the plates may, after the closing or flattening, be
soldered in order more securely to fasten the plates to the holder; or the said
tongues or projecting pieces may be left unsoldered.
My Invention also consists in applying the finger and thunib plates made in
either of the ways before described and illustrated, to pencil cases, and bolders
for crayons and other solid writing and marking material.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not
limit myself to the precise details herein described and represented, as the same
may be varied without departing from the nature of my Invention; but
I claim as my Invention,―
Firstly, the improvement in the manufacture of orthodactylic penholders
herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the accom-
panying Drawing, and the application of the said improvement to pencil cases
and holders for crayons or other solid writing or marking material, that is to
say, making the finger and thumb plates of the said penholders and other
holders and cases of one piece of sheet metal.
Secondly, the improvement in the manufacture of orthodactylic penholders
herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 4 to 12, both inclusive, of
the accompanying Drawing, and the application of the said improvement to
pencil cases and holders for crayons and other solid writing or marking
material, that is to say, fastening the finger and thumb plates of the said
penholders and other holders and cases by means of tongues or projecting

page_text: pieces on the said plates, engaging with piercings, or with piercings and ears,
on the tubular part of the holder, with or without the addition of solder.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Wiley, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
JOHN WESTWOOD HILL,
WILLIAM EDWARD WILEY. (L.s.)