APPARATUS
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 20th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 12th Feb., 1889
An iron shoe or bracket is fixed to the sleeper. To the Vertical Web or to the
sides of this shoe, 2 arms facing each other are attached on shafts. On one end of
each of these shafts a small grooved pulley is fixed, and on the other end of the front
shaft is attached a balance weight. A wire from the signal post is led over suitably
arranged pulleys and attached to the back pulley of the shoe, and from the top of
this pulley, a wire runs to the underside of the front pulley.
OPERATION OF THE APPARATUS.
When the line is clear the wire from the signal post is drawn up and this draws
the two arms from their Vertical position to one of slope outwards, so that the
apparatus on the locomotive can pass over them without touching them.
When the line is to be blocked, the wire from the signal post is relieved, the
balance weight falls down and thus throws the arms again into a vertical position.
Should the wire from the signal post break the arms will of course fly upwards and
block the line.
The two arms make the apparatus answer for a train going either way on the
same line but if desired the front pulley and arm can be dispensed with, and the wire
from the signal post attached to the pulley of the weighted arm.
top of the shoe prevents the arms passing the centre of the Shoe.
engine being turned, a shoe &c. is placed on each side of the line
with the same wire from the signal post.
A bar across the
To provide for an
both being worked

page_text: 2ND. APPARATUS ON THE LOCOMOTIVE.
5
An eccentric wheel is fixed on the front axle of the tender. The rod from this
uns to a pulley or wheel suspended from the floor of the locomotive, near the fire
DOX. This pulley has a stud projecting on each side. The end of the eccentric rod
s forked, so that it can enclose the wheel on the sides. On the end of each prong
s a stud looking upwards, and allowed to fold down towards the eccentric. In their
normal position these studs clear the stud on the pulley. Near the top, the pulley
has two fingers or studs projecting towards the fire box. A vertical rod rises up the
face of the fire box and boiler, to a crank from which a link runs to the ordinary
steam regulator handle or to a special regulator handle, which latter by means of the 10
ordinary rods or links &c. works an extra valve placed on the outside of the ordinary
steam valve, and turned the Emergency Valve.
From the crank a cord is led over pulleys to the steam whistle handle. A cross
stud is placed on the vertical rod just below the fingers of the pulley.
OPERATION OF THE APPARATUS.
When the end of the eccentric rod near the pulley strikes the arms of the shoe
described in No. 1., it is thrown upwards and caught by a catch provided for it.
The studs on the forked arms, catch the studs on the pulley and draw the latter
round, thus causing the fingers on the pulley to draw down the vertical rod, and thus
by means of the crank links regulator handles &c. before described shut off the steain
and sound the Whistle.
3RD. ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC APPARATUS.
A suitable electric or Magnetic Battery, is placed in the signal Cabin. From one
pole, a conductor of copper or other suitable material, is led along the line as far as
the signal post. From the other pole the conductor is led to the wire working the
ordinary signal post (or to a return conductor laid along the line or simply to the
earth). A switch is provided at the signal post end & is operated by the wire to
the latter, so that when the signal is at "line clear," the circuit is broken, but when
the signal is at "line blocked," the circuit is complete and the current of course
passing along.
If desired, there may also be a switch at the signal box end, operating in the same
manner, & simultaneously with the first mentioned one..
On the locomotive a wheel or sliding spring or brush, is attached and travels over
the conductor on the line (If there be only one conductor on the line, there will be
two wheels on the locomotive, so as to answer when the latter is turned.) From thi
wheel, or these wheels, a conductor leads to a Magnet. This magnet is placed clos
to the valve of a steam or air cylinder, on the end of the boiler. From this cylinde
a piston rod, crank and links, connect with the ordinary steam regulator handle, o
with a special regulator handle working an extra steam valve outside of the ordinar
steam valve and termed the "Emergency Valve." From the crank, a cord runs ove
pulleys to the steam whistle handle, or better, the conductor is led to another mague
placed near a steam whistle handle, (which latter has a spring), and also if desired
an electric gong or bell.
OPERATION OF THE APPARATUS.
When the signal is set at "line blocked" the circuit is complete, and the curr
passing along the conductor. From it it travels up the wheel or brush and the c
the Loco, to the magnet, magnetizes the latter, which draws & opens
down the piston, and thus

page_text: Further if the cylinder is worked with air in connection with the Westinghouse
Brake, or the Vacuum Brake, the Brake is applied, simultaneously with the shutting
off of the steam, and sounding the whistle.
If the cord to the whistle is dispensed with, and the spring whistle and magnet
adopted, the magnet will draw the handle, and thus sound the whistle, which will
continué sounding till the circuit & current are broken by the signalman, when the
spring will stop the whistle.
Further, by means of this whistle apparatus, a code of sound signals may be
established with the Engine Driver, so that he may have instructions sent how
to act.
Lastly, if desired, the electric gong or bell may be in like manner utilized for
sending signals to the Engine man.
From the magnets or magnet, the current is returned to the line Conductor either
by another wheel or brush in front of the first mentioned one, or simply through the
frame axles & wheels of the Loco., to the rails which serve as a return circuit.
ALTERNATIVE METHODS &c.
1st. If preferred the battery in the signal Cabin may be dispensed with, and a
supply of electricity or magnetism obtained from any suitable source.
2nd. If a powerful current be employed, the cylinder & rods or links cranks &c.
may be dispensed with, the magnet in this case being placed close to the ordinary
regulator handle, or to the regulator handle of the Emergency Valve, or to the
Eccentric rod of the apparatus described in method "2nd Apparatus on the Locomo-
tive." In this case when the current is picked up, the magnet will draw the regulator.
handle & the spring whistle handic, and thus shut off the steam and sound the
whistle.
Brd. If it is desired to give the Signalman notice (when the line is clear) that the
train has passed the signal post, the switch at the signalpost end is provided with a
spring, and the locomotive with projecting studs. These latter catch the switch and
turn it, thus completing the circuit, and ringing a bell in the signal cabin. The
action of the spring then reverses the switch & breaks the circuit and currents.
4th. By fitting the guards van with a brush or brushes, and the necessary electric
apparatus, the conductors on the line may be utilized for sending telegraphic signals
or messages whilst the train is in motion.
5th. The apparatus may, with certain modifications, be used between Stations, as
well as between Station or Signal Cabin, and Signal post.
6th. As the apparatus works in conjunction with the ordinary sight signals, it is
immaterial whether a locomotive (say from another line) is fitted with it or not, as
the sight signals are always available in such a case.
7th. The apparatus on the line can be utilized for working the system of electric
sight signalling on locomotives, and thus by working the ordinary sight signals on the
line, in conjunction with those on the locomotive, obviate the objection to that system,
arising from locomotives not fitted with the necessary apparatus, coming on the line
fitted with the electric apparatus, or locos. fitted with the apparatus coming on a line
without the apparatus.
"
TL 10th loss of October 1888

page_text: OPERATION OF THE APPARATUS.
When the pulley K strikes & rides over the apparatus on the line the rod B is
thrown upwards and caught by the catch H. The studs F catch the stud E and
draw round the pulley C. which by means of the fingers G draws down the rod J.
& thus by means of the crank link & cord shut off the steam & sound the whistle.
To lower the rod B. the chain I is drawn up.
3RD. ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC APPARATUS.
Apparatus on the line to work "between stations as well as between station or
signal cabin & signal post." From one pole of an electric or magnetic battery Z
Fig. 1V Sheet No 3. a conductor y. is led by the switch w. to another conductor y. y.
led along the line to the signal post, or to the next station, or any desired length.
From the other pole of Z. a conductor X is led by the switch W. W. to the
rai XX and works an electric bell T. T. near the switch. From the switches W
& W. W. wires V. and V. V. are led along the telegraph poles to the next Station.
At the signal posts or at distances of one mile or any other required distances along
the line, are placed double conductors U. properly insulated from each other the
outer one being connected with V and the inner one with V. V. The wire V. V.
passes through a case T in the signal cabin and to an electro magnet in the case T.
Fig. V. Sheet No. 5. thence to an electric bell P. & thence to the switch W W
Fig. 1V Sheet No. B. Below the electric bell P. Fig. V. Sheet No. 5. is pivotted a
revolving disc or dial with the number of miles between the Stations, & the signal
post marked thereon, and also with studs, catch spring ratchet wheel & pall, & pendant
all as shown on drawing.
APPARATUS ON THE LOCOMOTIVE.
A wheel N Fig. VII Sheet No. 4 is suspended from the loco. floor by a bracket m.
& kept pressed down by a spring or if preferred by a weight instead of the spring.
This wheel travels over the conductor (on the line) y. y. From the wheel and bracket
a conductor I. runs to an electro magnet L.L. close to a cylinder c. c. thence to an
electric bell P. & thence to the loco axle. A pipe connects the cylinder c. c. with
the air pipe of the Westinghouse Brake (or with the Vacuum chamber of the Vacuum
brake & in this case a second pipe connects the cylinder cc with the cylinder of
the Vacuum Brake).
"
emer-
If the locomotive is not fitted with the Westinghouse or the Vacuum Brake the
cylinder c. c. is placed as shown in Fig. VIII. & has a pipe to connect it with the
boiler to supply it with steam. From the cylinder c. c. Figs. VII & VIII Sheet
No. 4 a link d. runs to a crank d. d. which connects with the regulator handle e. e.
(or with a special regulator handle, which works an extra valve termed the
gency valve,") by means of the link e. The end of this link is slotted so that the
handle e. e. can travel freely in the slot hole when the link e. is in its normal condition
rizt. not drawn back. From the crank d. d. a cord f. runs over pulleys to the
steam whistle handle ff. This cord may be dispensed with and the arrangement shown
in Fig. VIII. adopted instead rizt. the conductor L, is led from the magnet L. L.
to another electro magnet g. and thence to the axle as before. The steam whistle
handle ff. is fitted with a handle & spring as shown in drawing. When the magnet g
is magnetized it will draw the handle down & sound the whistle. When the current
is broken the spring will draw up the handle & shut off the whistle. Fig. IX. shows
a modification of No. VIII. The magnet g is used to draw down the valve of a small
steam cylinder h. the piston of which is connected to the whistle handle by the piston
rod. When the steam is admitted by the action of the magnet opening the valve the
handle is drawn round and the whistle sounded. When the current is broken
the spring draws up the piston rod & piston & the handle ff. & stops the whistle.
Fig. X, shows an alternative plan for a special steam whistle. A small cylinder i is

page_text: .
nole in the facUCT
the whistle. When the current is broken the spring draws the rod up & shuts off
the steam from the whistle. A semaphore can be attached to the bottom of springs
in Figs. VIII. IX. X. From the floor or bottom of the tender a bracket similar to m.
Fig. VII with a wheel similar to N is suspended in such a position that it will travel 1
over the conductors U Fig. 1V Sheet No. 3. There is no conductor from this whee!
which is carefully insulated (or at any rate the bracket must be carefully insulated)
and the wheel is sufficiently broad to cover both the conductors.
OPERATION OF THE APPARATUS.
When it is desired to stop a train the ordinary signal is set at danger. This by
means of the switches W. &W. W. Fig. IV Sheet No. 3 connects the battery Z with
the conductors Y & Y. Y. & with the conductor X and the rail XX. The current
then passes along Y. & Y. Y. & by means of the wheel N & the conductor L. Fig. VII
Sheet No. 4, to the magnet L. L. thence to the bell P. (or to the magnet g.
Figs. VIII. IX. & X.) thence by the axle & wlieel to the rail XX Fig. IV Sheet No. 3.
When the
& thence by the conductor X to the battery Z ringing the bell 'T. T.
magnet. LL is magnetized it draws to it the valve rod of the cylinder c. c.
Figs. VII & VIIL Sheet No. admitting air or steam as the case may be which forces
down the piston, & thus by the link d. the crank d d. the link e & the cord f. shuts
off the steam and sounds the whistle (or if the cord is dispensed with sounds the
whistle by the apparatus described Figs. VIII. IX. X.) simultaneously applying the
When the line is clear the signal is set at
Westinghouse or Vacuum Brake.
clear this switches the battery Z from Y & X into connection with the wires V.
and V. V. and the conductors U.. Fig. IV Sheet No. 3. When the wheel on the
tender passes over the conductors U. the circuit is complete & the bell T will ring.
The magnet will also draw round the dial 0. Fig. V Sheet No. 5. & thus indicato
that the train has passed a mile (or the indicated distance). The signalman will thus
always know what distance the train has travelled since it started, & by means of the
bell T. The will also know when the train has been stopped. The Engine man when
his train is stopped will be unable to proceed till the circuit is broken, when his whistlo
will stop sounding & thus intimate to him that he can proceed.
"
line
The switches W&W W. Fig. IV. Sheet No. 3 are worked by the wire from the
lever stand.to the ordinary signal post but they can be disconnected from it, &
worked independently of the signal if desired. The theory of working the apparatus, is
that the signalman at a Station has the control of trains advancing towards him on
the up and down lines, the lines being worked either with two separate batteries, or
if preferred from one battery. The apparatus on the line may of course be so
arranged & adapted as to suit for any particular method of working it that may
be desired.
CERTAIN ALTERNATIVES.
1st. Instead of the Battery Z a supply of electricity or magnetism from any suitable
source may be used, in which case the conductors which bring it, are led to the
switches W, & W W where the poles of the battery Z were. Fig. IV Sheet No. 3.
2nd. The cylinder c: c. Figs. VII. VIII. and the apparatus d. dd. and e. may be
dispensed with and the magnet L. L placed so that it will act direct on the regulato
· handle ee. Fig. VI. Sheet No. 5. as shown in drawing which shows the stean

page_text: 3rd. Or the magnet L L may be suspended from the floor of the tender near the
pulley K Fig. II. of Sheet No. 2 a little above the rod B. & when magnetized it will
lift the rod & thus apply the apparatus.
4th. If desired the piston, the rod d. the crank dd & the link e. & the "emergency
valve"
may be dispensed with in the case of Fig. VII Sheet No. 4. When the
valve of cc is opened the brakes will be applied & and the train stopped.
5th. The apparatus on the line may be utilized for telegraphic communication
with the guard as follows vizt. In the guards van a suitable "telegraphic apparatus"
is placed. From it a wire runs to a wheel & bracket similar to that on loco.
Fig. VII. Sheet No. 4. & which travels over the conductor YY. The other wire is
led to the axle which with wheel & rail serve as a return circuit. When a message is
to be sent to the guard the "telegraphic apparatus" in the signal cabin is switched
into connection with the conductors Y. and X and messages can then be sent to the
guard or received from him.
I do not however claim any particular make, or kind of switch, or electro magnet,
nor any particular kind of "telegraphic apparatus" for the guard's van. Any suitable
switch or electro magnet, or telegraphic apparatus" will answer the purpose.
Neither do I claim the use of a semaphore on the loco. only apparatus Figs. VIII
IX X to work it.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, & in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
1st. The form & construction of the apparatus on the line described under the
heading "1st Apparatus on the line."
2nd. The utilization of the momentum of the locomotive, for cutting off the steam
& sounding the whistle, & other particular apparatus employed for that purpose, as
described under the heading "2nd Apparatus on the locomotive."
3rd. The utilization of currents of electricity or magnetism, working in connection
with the ordinary system of sight signalling or independently of it, transmitted along
the line between stations, or between stations and signal posts, or other desired
points, to operate apparatus on the locomotive for cutting off the steam sounding the
whistle, working a semaphore, and applying the brake, if air brakes are used, & also
to indicate on the signal cabin or station the progress the train is making, & when
it has been stopped, & to indicate to the Engine driver when he may proceed, after
having been stopped. And the particular apparatus on the line, & locomotive,
employed, for the above purpose, all as described under the heading "3rd Electric or
Magnetic Apparatus" & under the heading "Certain alternatives."
Dated this 18th day of December 1888.
HENRY JAMES PEDDIE.