IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF LIGHT AND HEAT, AND IN APPARATUS FOR SAME
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF
LIGHT AND HEAT, AND IN APPARATUS FOR SAME." A communication from
abroad by Quentin Leou Brin and Arthur Brin, both of Paris, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th April 1880.
"IMPROVE-
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
MENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF LIGHT AND HEAT, AND IN APPARATUS FOR SAME."
(A communication from abroad by Quentin Leon Brin and Arthur Brin, both of
Paris, France.)
In the Specification of a Patent, dated 11th October 1879, No. 4127, granted to
Quentin Leon Brin, is described a mode of producing light and heat by a jet or jets
of oxygen gas projected against a carbonaceous body, such as a stick of carbon or a
wick containing liquid hydrocarbon.
Now according to this Invention a jet or jets of oxygen are used with a wick
containing liquid hydrocarbon such as petroleum, paraffin, benzoline, pitchy oil, and
other light or heavy hydrocarbon or other oils or spirits, in an improved manner,
and such jet or jets are also used with ordinary lighting gas or air gas, or other gas
which is capable of giving a useful light or heat when combined therewith.
When burning liquid hydrocarbon drawn on by capillary attraction or otherwise
by means of a wick the jet or jets are so projected against it as to prevent as much
as possible the dispersion of the oxygen into the surrounding air, and so as to cause
a perfect intermingling of the particles entering into chemical combination. For
this purpose whon using an annular wick the jet or jets are arranged on the inside,
and in some cases also on the outside, of the wick, and the outer jets at a lower
angle than the inner jets. Above the flame a flat or conical or curved deflector
may be employed in order to promote the more perfect combustion and to prevent
the dispersion of the oxygen gas. The jets may be arranged in the form of one or
more annular narrow slits, or one or more rows of fine round or oval holes. For
flat wicks one or more narrow slits or rows of fine holes for the oxygen jets are
arranged parallel to the wick, and two or more wicks may be combined with
intermediate and outer slits or rows of holes. The combustion may take place in
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page_text: the open air, or a chimney may be employed of a sufficient diameter at and above
the burner to prevent cracking and fusing at the high heat generated by this mode of
combustion. Sometimes a globe, closed at the top but open below for the escape of
the products of combustion, may be used, or a globe open at the top and closed below,
or the oil may be conveyed to the burner in jets or drops so as to meet the oxygen
jet or jets.
For burning a gas by means of jets of oxygen the burner is provided with one
or more annular or other slits from which the gas to be burnt issues, and the oxygen
gas jet or jets are arranged parallel thereto, and on one or both sides thereof with
such inclinations as to project the oxygen into the flame. When using chimney or
globe as aforesaid-the-inclination is in some cases but slight.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th October
1880.
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF LIGHT AND HEAT, AND IN APPARATUS FOR SAME."
A communication from Quentin Leon Brin and Arthur Brin, both of Paris,
France.
In the Specification of a Patent, dated 11th October 1879, No. 4127, granted to
Quentin Leon Brin, is described a mode of producing light and heat by a jet or jets
of oxygen gas projected against a carbonaceous body, such as a stick of carbon or a
wick containing liquid hydrocarbon.
Now according to this Invention a jet or jets of oxygen are used with a wick
containing liquid hydrocarbon such as petroleum, paraffine, benzoline, pitchy oil,
and other light or heavy hydrocarbon or other oils or spirits, in an improved
imanner, and such jet or jets are also used with ordinary lighting gas or air gas,
or other gas which is capable of giving a useful light or heat when combined
therewith.
When burning liquid hydrocarbon drawn on by capillary attraction or otherwise
by means of a wick, the jet or jets are so projected against it as to prevent a
much as possible the dispersion of the oxygen into the surrounding air, and so as
to cause a perfect intermingling of the particles entering into chemical combination.
For this purpose when using an annular wick the jet or jets are arranged on the
inside, and in some cases also on the outside, of the wick, and the outer jets at
a lower angle than tho inner jets. Above the flame a flat or conical or curved
deflector may be employed in order to promote the more perfect combustions and
to prevent the dispersions of the oxygen gas. The jets may be arranged in the
form of one or more annular narrow slits, or one or more rows of fine round
or oval holes. For flat wicks one or more narrow slits or rows of fine holes for

page_text: the oxygen jots are arranged parallel to the wick, and two or more wicks may
be combined with intermediate and outer slits or rows of holes. The combustion
may take place in the open air, or a chimney may be employed of a sufficient
diameter at and above the burner to prevent cracking and fusing at the high heat
generated by this mode of combustion. Sometimes a globe, closed at the top but
open below for the escape of the products of combustion, may be used, or a globo
open at the top and closed below, or the oil may be conveyed to the burner in jets
or drops so as to meet the oxygen jet or jets. For burning a gas by means of jets
of oxygen the burner is provided with one or more annular or other slits from
which the gas to bo burnt issues, and the oxygen gas jet or jets are arranged
parallel thereto, and on one or both sides thereof, with such inclination as to
project the oxygen into the flame. When using chimney or globe as aforesaid the
inclination is in some cases but slight.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a plan, and Figure 2 a side elevation
of a burner for burning paraffin, petroleum, or other oil in and with oxygen. In
the outer annular tubo A is contained a wick for bringing the oil up; B is a circular
interior row of very small pipes, all proceeding from one common oxygen supply
pipe. In order that the oxygen gas may be projected_more directly outwards
against the burning wick or flame each of the small tubes B may be cut off slanting
at the top, as shewn in Figure 3, which is a vertical section through such a tube B;
C is a deflector plate arranged over tho burner for the purpose of keeping the air
away and of causing the more perfect intermixture of the oxygen gas and the oil
fumes or gases. The deflector may he of the cup shape shown, and be of metal or
of steatite or similar material. No air is admitted to the interior of the burner.
This Figure and all the following Figures are shown to an enlarged scale.
Figure 4 is a plan, and Figure 5 a side elevation of an oil and oxygen gas
burner in which the oxygen is admitted by the annular pipe B; the top of this pipe
is by preference cut off slanting so that the inner edge is higher than the outer edge
with the view of making the issuing annular oxygen jet impinge more directly on
the flame or top of the wick.
Figure 6 is a plan, and Figure 7 a vertical section of burner with two wick
tubes A, A, and three narrow Bat oxygen tubes B, B.
Figure 8 is a plan, and Figure 9 a vortical section of a wick tube A with a flat
narrow oxygen tube B on each side.
Figure 10 is a plan, and Figure 11 a vertical section through a burner for
burning ordinary lighting gas or any other suitable hydrocarbon or other gas in and
with oxygen gas. The lighting gas passes up through the annular pipe Å, and the
oxygen passing up by the annular interior pipe or passage B and exterior pipe or
passage B' is made to commingle with the lighting gas. In order the better to
impinge against and intermingle with each other the top edges of the annular
passages are cut off slanting or at different levels, as shown; C is a deflector.
Instead of the annular tubes B or B a row or rows of fine jet tubes may be employed
as in Figures 1 and 2.
In Figure 12 is shown an arrangement of burner in which the oxygen is supplied
by the outer annular passage B, and the other or lighting gas by the annular
passage A.
Figure 13 is a vertical section, and Figure 14 a plan of an arrangement in which
the interior oxygen supply tube B, having small exit holes at top, is by one or more
small branch tubes connected with the outer annular oxygen passage or pipe B',
which has also fine exit holes at top, the lighting or other gas passing up by the
intermediate annular passage A through small holes in the top.
A similar arrangement of fine gas exit holes may be applied in all the preceding
burners instead of separate small jet tubes or narrow annular jet tubes.
In the above three last described burners it is obvious that the proportion of
oxygen gas to the lighting or other gas must be capable of being regulated or
adjusted so as to produce the greatest light or the greatest heat, as the case may be,
for although the production of light is the principal object, there may be cases in

page_text: which it is convenient to utilize the burners for heating purposes; it is also clear
that means must be provided for turning the gases on or off partly or wholly
simultaneously. Where, as is preferred, the two gas supply pipes go side by side or
one within the other a cock common to both may be used for the turning on or off
of both simultaneously, otherwise a separate cock or valve for each must be provided;
just before or just beyond such stop cock or cocks or valves another cock or valve
or screw plug may be applied to each pipe for regulating the relative proportion of
the two gases. No claim is however laid to any such means, which indeed must or
may be varied according to circumstances, neither is general claim laid to burners
in which an oxygen tube passes up through a lighting gas tube;
But I claim as the Invention communicated to me,-
The improved forms of burners for the employment of oxygen with a combustion
supporting oil or liquid, or with-another-combustion--supporting gas, whereby the
jet or jets of oxygen are efficiently subdivided and commingled with the oil fumes
or flame, or with the lighting or other combustion supporting gas or flame, substan-
tially as described with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.