CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING COTTON, WOOL, SILE, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1855

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Lucas at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th February
1855.
I, GEORGE LUCAS, of Hulme, in the City of Manchester, Mechanic, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING COTTON, WOOL,
SILE, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
It consists in a new or peculiar mode of constructing certain parts of bobbin
and fly frames, throstles, or doublers, and similar machines employed for the
purpose of preparing, spinning, doubling, or twisting cotton, wool, silk, and
other fibrous materials; a part of the improvements being also applicable to
other spinning machines.
At
My first improvement relates to certain alterations or variations in the
construction of the spindle and flyer, by which I am enabled to form cops. I
provide a short tube, which is supported at either end in two bushes or bearings,
and has on it a wharve, by which it receives motion in the usual manner.
the upper end of this tube is fixed the flyer, which stands in an inverted
position, and having at the upper end the loop or twirl, through which the
the thread passes to the spindle on which the thread is wound. The flyer
consists of a single arm only, but may consist of two arms or a counter-
poise in place of the second. The spindle passes through the tube, and

page_text: has its upper part or blade of a similar form to a mule spindle, but the
lower part is cylindrical, or of the same diameter throughout, or nearly
So. The lower extremity or foot, instead of terminating in a conical point,
as usual, is flat or countersunk, and runs in a step or bearing of a corres-
ponding form on the lifting rail. By this means sufficient friction is produced
to wind the roving thread or yarn on the spindle. In case the friction should
become too great the thread is tightened, and consequently presses or draws the
spindle against the interior of the tube, and as the tube necessarily turns quicker
than the spindle, it has a tendency to carry the spindle along with it, and con-
sequently the strain on the yarn or thread is by this means relieved. It is
obvious, that instead of forming a cop, a bobbin of the ordinary construction
may be used by making corresponding alterations in the form of the spindle
and flyer.
By this means it is also made applicable to slubbing and roving
machines.
My second improvement consists in the application of an elastic thread guide
or thread wire, which, yielding to any excess of pressure, all sudden check on the
yarn betwixt the roller and the spindle is prevented.
My third improvement consists in a new or improved copping motion, by the
action of which the cop is formed or built. A pair of differential wheels (one
of which is fixed) a are connected together by a pinion. They are combined with
a lever and cam, which act on a scroll, from which proceeds a chain, strap, or
band to the lifting rail of the throstle.
My fourth improvement consists in the application or in a new or peculiar
mode of applying gutta percha as a substitute for the leather and roller cloth
used for the purpose of covering the top rollers of spinning machines.
My fifth improvement consists in a new mode of driving the spindles of
slubbing frames, bobbin and fly frames, and throstles, and other machines used
for preparing, spinning, doubling, and twisting cotton, wool, silk, and other
fibrous substances. A wharve or pulley is placed on the tube or spindle, and
is acted upon by
a band or list passing along at right angles to the tubes or
spindles. It is kept in contact with the wharves or pulleys by means of other
wharves or pulleys, which are acted upon by springs, so that the band or list is
embraced betwixt the wharve on the tube or spindle and the wharve acted
upon by the spring. To communicate motion more effectually to the tubes
or spindles, I cut teeth in the wharves or pulleys which are on the tubes or
spindles, or serrate the surface on which the band or list acts.