Improvements in and connected with Pneumatic Tyres for Wheels.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 30th May, 1892-Accepted 2nd July, 1892.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Pneumatic Tyres for
Wheels.
We, RICHARD MORRISS WOODHEAD and PAUL ANGOIS of Russell Street,
Nottingham, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Our invention consists of an improved method of fixing the outer covering of a
pneumatic tyre to the rim of a wheel and our device is to turn over the edges of
such outer covering, and solution, vulcanize, sew, or otherwise fasten the same so
as to form hems or loops through which wire, cord, or other suitable material may
be threaded on both sides of the rim of the wheel, and the ends having been joined,
books or loops are attached to the wire through small holes in the outer covering
at convenient distances so arranged as to fasten into holes in the rim or flauges or
to studs thereon or into the spokes in such a way that when the tyre is inflnted
the cover becomes taut and is thereby held securely in position upon the rim.
Another improvement is to make the inner or air tube of a graduated
thickness in section with the thickest side outwards thereby offering a greater
resistance to puncture and by its greater strength and elasticity on that side
rendering it less liable to burst when compressed by inequalities in the road..
Dated this 29th day of August 1891.
RICHARD MORRISS WOODHEAD.
RICHARD MORRISS WOODHEAD.
T. ANGOIS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. .
Improvements in and connected with Pneumatic Tyres for
Wheels.
We, RICHARD MORRISS WOODHEAD, and PAUL ANGOIS Engineers, of Russell
Street Nottingham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and 'ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
Our invention consists of an improved method of fixing the outer covering of a
pneumatic tyre to the rim of a wheel, and our device is to turn over the edges of
such outer covering, and solution, vulcanize, sew, or otherwise fasten the same, so
as to form loops, through which wire, cord or other suitable material may be
threaded on both sides of the wheel, and the ends having been joined, hooks or
loops are attached to the wire through small holes in the outer covering at con-
venient distances, so arranged as to fasten into holes in the rim or flanges, or to
studs thereon, or into the spokes in such a way that when the tyre is inflated the
cover becomes taut and is thereby held securely in position upon the rim, and in
order that our invention may be clearly understood reference is hereafter made to
the accompanying drawings in which similar letters of reference indicate corre-
sponding parts in the several figures.
Fig. is a perspective view partially in section illustrating our method, of

page_text: constructing the outer cover of the pneumatic tyre. a is the strip of rubber; b the
strip of canvas or other suitable material, which is solutioned, vulcanized, or
otherwise fastened to or upon its edges and formed into loops at c, through
which wire is threaded. At intervals round the edge we make holes, d, or
gaps, e.
g
6
Fig. II is a perspective view partially in section, shewing the cover fixed
upon the rim, and illustrating our device for securing it thereto. is the rim ;
the air-tube supported by a 'canvas cover; h the studs which are fixed upon or
into the sides of the rim at intervals corresponding with the holes before described
in the cover. i is one end of a length of wire, which by being joined in any 1
suitable way to the other end, is formed into a hoop of a diameter exactly.
corresponding to the diameter of the rim just inside the studs.
Fig. IV illustrates the modification of our device by which the spokes j.of the
wheel are used as substitutes for the studs. Loops or hooks, & of any suitable
shape or material being used to secure the outer cover to the spokes or their 1
equivalents. The outer cover, air tube, and rim, with studs or hooks having been
arranged in positions shewn and the wires running through the edges of the cover
joined into hoops as described the wheol is completed by inflating the air tube, the
pressure within which expands the outer cover and causes the hoops to tighten
against the studs and firmly grip the side of the rim, any tendency of the cover?
to slip from its position being effectually prevented by the studs passing through it.
The principal motive of this invention is that the inner tubo may be expeditiously
removed for repairs and as it is not necessary for that purpose to apply our method
of securing the outer cover to both sides of the wheel,, we may as an alternative
secure one side of the cover to the side of the rim by solution or by canvas or other
suitable material solutioned or vulcanized to the cover and then fastened in like
manner to the rim, the other or removable side of the cover being secured by any
of the several devices already described substantially in the manner illustrated in
Fig. III of the accompanying drawings.
It is obvious that various forms of rims or studs or hooks or the equivalents for
studs or hooks may be used in combination with any kind of inner tube, binding
hoops or section of outer cover, the essential points of our device being that the said
cover and the means for securing it are arranged entirely outsido and upon the side
of the rim.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention
and in what manner the same is to bo performed, we declare that we are aware
that it has previously been proposed to strengthen the edges of the outer coverings
of pneumatic tyres by means of wires or cords inserted therein as a means of
attachment to the rim of the wheel or to enable them to withstand the strain of
fastenings by which they are attached to the wheel, and we make no claim to such
strengthening per se but what we claim is
1. The general combinations and arrangements of parts constituting a pneumatic
tyre and rim for a cycle wheel, substantially as herein illustrated and described.
2. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the pneumatio tyre
and rim for a cycle wheel substantially as shewn by Figs. I & II of the drawings
⚫herewith.
3. The combination and arrangement of parts, and the modifications thereof,
constituting. the pneumatic tyre and rim for a cycle wheel, substantially as described
herein and illustrated in Fig. III of the drawings herewith.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the pneumatio tyre
and rim for a cycle wheel substantially as shewn in Fig. IV of the drawings
-herewith.
5. A pneumatic tyre and rim for a cycle wheel consisting of antair tube inflated
by the usual means and partially enclosed in the outer cover, which cover is secured
to or upon the rim by hoops running through loops formed on the edges thereof,
which hoops are drawn taut against the sides of the rim and are held thereto by the

page_text: air pressure within the tube acting against the inside of the said cover and the face
or periphery of the rim, in combination with studs or their equivalents fixed to or
upon the sides of the rim, which studs pass through corresponding holes or gaps in
the cover, substantially as described.
6. A pneumatic tyre and rim for a cycle wheel consisting of an air tube provided
with the usual means for inflation, and an outer cover, which cover is secured to or
upon the rim by hoops running through loops formed upon the edges thereof, which
hoops are drawn taut against the sides of the rim and held thereto by the air
pressure in the tube acting against the inside of the cover and the face or
periphery of the rim in combination with hooks or their equivalents, which connect
and hold the outer cover to the spokes of the wheel or their equivalents, sub-
stantially as described.
7. A pneumatic tyre and rim for a cycle wheel, consisting of an air tube
provided with the usual means of inflation, and an outer cover which is secured to
or upon one side of the rim by adhesive solution, or by strips of suitable material
fastened to the cover and solutioned to the rim. The other side of the said cover
secured to the rim by a hoop running through a loop or loops formed on the edge
thereof, which hoop is drawn taut against that side of the rim and held thereto by
the pressure within the air tube acting against the inside of the cover and the face
or periphery of the rim, in combination with studs fixed upon the side of the said
rim passing through corresponding holes in the cover, or in combination with hooks
(or their equivalents) that connect and hold the edge of the cover to the wheel
spokes (or their equivalents), such combinations acting in the manner and for the
purpose substantially as described herein.
Dated May 27th 1892.