IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER OR PAPIER MACHE AND METAL BUTTONS."
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Skirrow Wright, of Birmingham, Manufacturer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER OR
PAPIER MACHE AND METAL BUTTONS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Skirrow Wright,
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 22nd November 1856.
I, JOHN SKIRROW WRIGHT, of Birmingham, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF PAPER OR PAPIER MACHE AND METAL BUTTONS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of paper
or papier maché and metal buttons. For these purposes, in making paper or
papier maché buttons, the same are produced and completed or nearly com-
pleted in the ordinary manner, and then grooves or recesses are cut therein,
which cutting or forming of recesses or grooves in finished or nearly finished
buttons is not new; but my improvements consist in filling such recesses
or grooves with paints, varnishes, or cements of different colors to the varnish
of the buttons; and it is preferred that the filling of the grooves or recesses
should be in excess, so as to admit of its being rubbed, or ground and polished

page_text: down to the general surfaco of the button, by which means imitations of
marbles and other stones, and of mosaics and other devices, may be produced
by the filling of paints, varnishes, or cements used; and paper or papier maché
buttons made with grooves or recesses, after finishing or nearly finishing, may,
when they have not shanks, have holes formed through them for the passage of
needles to fasten them to garments; and in making metal buttons they have
grooves or recesses cut or formed in them, and such grooves or recesses
are then to be similarly filled up in excess with paints, varnishes, or cements of
different colors to the button, and are to be rubbed or ground down and
finished as above stated in respect to paper or papier maché buttons.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Skirrow Wright in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st May 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Jous
SEIRBOW WRIGHT, of Birmingham, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by ler Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Ierself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Skirrow Wright, Her special licence that 1, the said John Shirrow
Wright, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the
said John Skirrow Wright, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to timo and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and rend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "INPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER OR PAPIER MACHE AND METAL BUTTONS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Skirrow Wright,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to bo
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Skirrow Wright, do hereby declaro
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to bo

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of paper
or papier mache and metal buttons. For these purposes, in making paper or
papier mache buttons, the same are produced and completed or nearly com-
pleted in the ordinary manner, and then grooves or recesses are cut therein,
which cutting or forming of recesses or grooves in finished or nearly finished
buttons is not now; but my improvements consist in filling such recesses
or grooves with paints, varnishes, or cements of different colors to the surface
of the buttons; and it is preferred that the filling of the grooves or recesses
should be in excess, so as to admit of its being rubbed or ground and polished
down to the general surface of the button, by which means imitations of
marbles and other stones, and of mosaics and other devices, may be produced
by the filling of paints, varnishes, or cements used; and paper or papier macho
buttons made with grooves or recesses, after finishing or nearly finishing, may,
when they have not shanks, have holes formed through them. for the passage of
needles to fasten them to garments; and in making metal buttons they have
grooves or recesses cut or formed in them, and such grooves or recesses
are then to be similarly filled up in excess with paints, varnishes, or cements of
different colors to the button, and are to be rubbed or ground down and
finished as abovo stated in respect to paper or papier mache buttons.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
In manufacturing paper or papier mache buttons, they are to be made and
japanned as heretofore, but, previous to the final polish, the parts of the surface
or face of each button, where the varied and ornamental patterns are to be
produced, are to be cut away or removed, so as to obtain recesses of the form
or according to the device or design required; these recesses are then to
be filled in with japanners' varnish, paints, or cements, in excess by preference,
so as to require the protruding quantity to be ground or rubbed off; and such
varnishes, paints, or cements may be different in the same recess, in order to
produce marbling or other appearance; or each recess may be filled with the
same or with different colored varnish, paint, or cement, by which a great
variety of beautiful effects may be produced; the buttons thus treated are to be
subjected to heat, and finished in the ordinary manner of paper and papier
mache buttons.
In making paper and papier mache buttons with holes through for the
passage of needles when sewing them to garments, I make recesses in them
after finishing or nearly finishing, as herein described, and afterwards pierce the

page_text: holes in these recesses, and this is an improvement, whether some of tho
recesses be filled in or not with paints or varnishes, as above described.
In making metal buttons, recesses are to be made in the faces thereof
by cutting or otherwise, and such recesses are then to be filled in in excess, and
so that the varnishes, paints, or cements when dry will protrude beyond the
parts of the remaining metal surfaces, and such paints, varnishes, or cements
aro to be rubbed or ground down and the button finished, as when finishing
paper, papier mache, or other japanned buttons.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Skirrow Wright, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
JOHN SKIRROW WRIGHT. (L.S.)
Witness,
WILLIAM UNDERHILL,
of 40, Great Russell Street,
St. George's, Birmingham.