C OF METALS FROM CARBON OR SUBSTANCES KNOWN AS SUCH, NAMELY GRAPHITE; COAL COKE CINDERS AND ASHES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
'I ANNIE ELIZA SCOTT of Lauriston House Trebovir Road South Kensington.
London do hereby declare the nature of my invention for THE EXTRACTION OF
METALS FROM CARBON OR SUBSTANCES KNOWN AS SUCH, NAMELY GRAPHITE;
COAL COKE CINDERS AND ASHES, to be as follows:-
4
This invention relates to the extraction of Metals found by me to be contained
in substances known as Carbon, namely Graphite Coal Coke Cinders and Ashes.,
All these substances I find to contain certain Metals varying according to the
locality from whence they are obtained, namely Aluminium Manganese Cobalt,
Bismuth, Cerium, Iron and other Metals not yet decidedly recognised. The
Extraction of the Metals I effect in the following manner. The substance is finely
pulverized and mixed with a small quantity of salt to serve as a flux, a crucible or
Furnace is then filled with alternate layers of the pulverized material and the
Metal which is to form the staple of the Alloy. In this description we will take.
Lead. As soon as the Lead boils it is to be raked or stirred about to amalgamate it
with the powder with which it forms a granulated mass the boiling is continued about
one hour when the liquid portion is drawn off into moulds, the refuse again crushed
to powder; and the Metal from the moulds having been again melted the crushed.
refuse is gradually added to the molten liquid and kept stirred until the Metal used
has taken up all the metallic particles contained in the substance acted upon, that
it can retain, it will then be an impure alloy of Aluminium and other Metals with
the Lead or other Metal used and can be refined according to known methods, and
used for various purposes From the refuse a soluble Silicate can be extracted by
the addition of water, and by adding acids the Metals still left can be extracted as
salts and precipitated by the usual re-agents or by evaporation.

page_text: I ANNIE ELIZA SCOTT, Gentlewoman Lauriston House Trebovir Road South
Kensington London do hereby declare the nature of my invention for THE
EXTRACTION OF METALS FROM CARBON, OR SUBSTANCES KNOWN AS SUCH NAMELY,
· GRAPHITE, COAL, COKE, CINDERS, AND ASHES, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention relates to the extraction of Metals found by me to be contained
in Substances known as Carbon, namely Graphite, Coal, Coke, Cinders, and Ashes,
all these substances I find to contain certain Metals varying according to the
locality from whence they are obtained, namely, Aluminium, Manganese, Cobalt,
Bismuth, Cerium, Iron, Yttrium, and other metals not yet decidedly recognised.
The extraction of these metals I effect in the following manner. The substance
used, 'say Coke' is finely pulverized and mixed with a small quantity of salt to serve
as a flux, a Crucible, or furnace, is then filled with alternate layers of the pulverized
Coke, and small pieces of any metal, which will constitute the staple or base of
the Alloy, formed during the process, We will hereafter allude to any such metal as
the basic metal,' Or, the metal can be first reduced to the molten state and the
Carbon substance added to it in portions, so long as the basic metal seems to
receive or incorporate the foreign body, "In this description we will take Copper
as the basic metal, After reducing the Copper to the molten state in a crucible, or
furnace, or after the Copper has been extracted from the ore, and is still in a
molten state, the pulverized Carbon substance 'say Coke' mixed with salt, is to be
added to the molten metal, and boiled for one hour or less, keeping it well stirred,
to cause the intimate admixture of the particles, the liquid portion is then to be
poured off into moulds, and will be found to have changed considerably in its
nature forming a brilliant, sonorous, yellow metal, which has great hardness, and
the elasticity of fine steel, is capable of taking a sharp and well defined impression
without flaw, is difficultly oxydizable, resists the action of acids, can be drawn
into a very fine wire, and I believe will prove valuable in Telephony, and for other
Electrical purposes.
Zinc forms a hard brilliant white metal difficultly oxydizable and is capable of
being formed into articles for use, and ornament.
Lead is rendered brittle by the admixture, and evidently absorbs a large quantity
of the foreign substance. This alloy will I believe prove valuable in the formation
of other alloys, and for extracting the pure metals Aluminium, Yttrium &c by
solution.
Alloys of all metals can be formed in the same way as above described,
substituting any other metal for Copper.
From the refuse a soluble Silicate can be extracted by the addition of water, and
by the addition of acids the metals still left, and any of the basic metal that has
become oxydized can be extracted as salts, precipitated by the usual reagents, or
by evaporation, and reduced by known means to the metallic state.
No definite quantities can be given as the substances vary so considerably, but
as a rule no more than will chemically combine with the basic metal will be
absorbed, if care is used in keeping the molten liquid well stirred, if however upon
cooling the alloy is found too brittle the addition of more basic metal and
remelting will remedy the defect.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st The extraction of metals from Carbon or substances known as such, by the
methods above described.
2nd I claim the admixture of the extracted metals from such Carbon substances
with all known metals forming alloys, during the extraction, This admixture
varying in quantity.