Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Aug., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 24th May, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 24th Aug., 1888
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The improvements consist in a particular construction, and in a new kind of formation,
of plates constituting the electrodes of the secondary elements or electric accumulators,
in order to give to these electrodes a large active surface, and at the same time a
great rigidity, and a high electric conductibility, whilst fixing perfectly the exiles of
lead and preventing these from detaching themselves, and, in fine, preventing the
plates from losing their formation, caused by the alternative increase and diminution
of the masses of oxides of lead, during the charge and discharge of the elements.
In the drawing annexed,
Fig. 1 represents a side elevation and section of a plate with straight grooves.
Fig. 2 is a partial view of the same on a.larger scale.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section showing the grooves with borders dovetailed and
covered with salts of lead to the required quantity.
The electrodes are formed of a body of cast lead, and they carry upon their two
surfaces symmetric parallel ridges, and of a conical section, which can be made nearer
or wider apart and more or less deep. The formation of these ridges naturally entail
the making of grooves equally symmetric, parallel, and conical. These ridges are
strengthened in each of their extremities by buttresses, by means of which the plates
repose upon the slips at the bottom of the vessels in which they are contained.
The grooves can be arranged either horizontally or vertically and are formed either
straight, round, or in any other geometric arrangement.
Fig. 1 is an example of a plate with straight and horizontal grooves.
The plates thus obtained are treated first, according to the method of Mr. Gaston
Planté, in such manner that, upon the surface of the positive electrodes there is
formed a crystalline and adherent bed of peroxide of lead. The grooves of the
positive plates are next filled with a paste of peroxide of lead, of such fashion that
these grooves are only partly filled, in such manner as to leave an empty space.

page_text: Then the edges of the grooves are pressed back by friction, by pressure, or by
any other mechanical method, in such manner, that only a little space is left free
for the access of acidulated water, and permits this to come in contact with the
oxides, which are found in the hollow of the groove.
By means of the concavity of these grooves, the reaction of the pressures exercised
in the mass of peroxide, which expands and contracts during the charge and the
discharge, over the symmetrical surfaces of the ridges, takes place in the direction
of the arrows, Fig. 3.
The mass of peroxide can then dilate in the direction of the arrow f, so long as
a free space has been arranged, and by reason of the projection », obtained in the
manner described above, these oxides of lead cannot detach themselves from the
plate, nor fall to the bottom of the vessels.
Finally, by means of the application of the peroxide of lead upon the recovered
surfaces themselves, even of crystalline and adherent peroxyde, there is an intimate
union of the salts of lead with the body of the conducting material of the plate,
which gives place to a great electric conductibility and prevents the formation of a
layer of sulphate-a bad conductor-between the paste that has been applied, and the
metal, that is to say, the lead of the supporting plate.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electrodes for Electric Accumulators or Secondary
Batteries.
I, HENRY TUDOR of Rosport in the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, Electrician,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The improvements consist in a particular construction and in a new kind of forma-
tion of plates constituting the electrodes of the secondary elements or electric
accumulators, in order to give to these electrodes a large active surface, and at the
same time a great rigidity, and a high electric conductibility, whilst fixing perfectly
the oxides of lead and preventing these from detaching themselves and in fine
preventing the plates from losing their formation, caused by the alternative increase
and diminution of the masses of oxides of lead during the charge and discharge of the
elements.
In the drawing annexed to my provisional specification Fig. 1 represents a side
elevation and section of a plate with straight grooves.
Fig. 2 is a partial view of the same on a larger scale.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section showing the grooves with the ribs folded or bent
and covered with salts of lead to the required quantity.
The electrodes are formed of a body of cast lead, and they carry upon their two
surfaces symmetric parallel ridges, with sloping sides, which can be made nearer or
wider apart and more or less deep. The formation of these ridges naturally entails
the making of grooves equally symmetric, parallel, and with sloping sides. These
ridges are strengthened in each of their extremities by buttresses, by means of which
the plates repose upon the slips at the bottom of the vessels in which they are
contained.
The grooves can be arranged either horizontally or vertically and are formed either
straight, round, or in any other geometric arrangement.
Fig. 1 is an example of a plate with straight and horizontal grooves.
The plates thus obtained are treated first, according to the method of Mr. Gaston
Planté, in such manner that upon the surface of the positive electrodes there is formed
a crystalline and adherent bed of peroxide of lead. The grooves of the positive plates
are next filled with a paste of peroxide of lead, of such fashion that these grooves are
only partly filled, in such manner as to leave an empty space.
Then the edges of the grooves are spread out, or folded by friction, by pressure
or by any other mechanical method, in such manner that only a little space is left
free for the access of acidulated water, and permits this to couie in contact with the
oxides, which are found in the hollow of the groove.
In consequence of the taper of the grooves, the reaction of the pressures exerted in the
mass of the peroxide (which expands and contracts during the charge and the discharge)
on the symmetrical surfaces of the ridges takes place in the direction of the arrow,
Fio. 3.

page_text: The mass of peroxide can then dilate in the direction of the arrow f since a free
space has been arranged, and by reason of the projection ", obtained in the manner
described above these oxides of lead cannot detach themselves from the plate, nor fall
to the bottom of the vessels.
Finally by means of the application of the peroxide of lead upon the covered or
peroxidised surfaces themselves, even of crystalline and adherent peroxide there is an
intimate union of the salts of lead with the conducting material of the plate, forming
the body of the plate, this giving rise to a great electric conductibility and preventing
the formation of a layer of sulphate-a bad conductor-between the paste that has
been applied and the metal, that is to say, the lead of the supporting plate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. A battery plate for electric accumulators or secondary batteries having sym-
metrical ribs or grooves straight or curved and with sloping slides, substantially as
described and shown in the annexed drawings.
2. The application of further oxide of lead on the surfaces of leaden electrodes of any
form previously covered with a layer of crystalline oxide of lead according to the
method of Mr. Gaston Planté.
3. The special form of the grooves set forth which are bent down or spread out as
shown in the drawings for the purpose of reliably holding the lead oxide in place and
preventing it from detaching itself from the plate.
11:54 .... 1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
Filing Agents for the Applicant.