Improvements in Vents or Valves for Churns and other Vessels.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Dec., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 5th Sept., 1900-Accepted, 3rd Nov., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Vents or Valves for Churns and other Vessels.
We, JAMES BOOTII, trading as Samuel Booth & Co., of Cheapside Works, Cheap-
side, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Brassfounder, and WILLIAM JOHN
WARD, of No. 1, Lover's Walk, Aston, near Birmingham, aforesaid, Foreman of
Works, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The said invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in vents
or valves for churns and other vessels whereby the inconveniences attending the
use of vents or valves of the ordinary construction are obviated and the fitting
of the said vents or valves to the churns and other vessels facilitated.
We will describe the said invention as applied to a churn to which it is particu-
larly applicable.
The vents or valves to which the said improvements apply consist of a barrel
or case having a valve with an axial spindle which valve is pressed upwards to
its seat at the bottom of the barrel by a coiled spring. About one half of the
barrel is screwed into the churn the other plain half of the barrel projecting from
the churn and being fitted at its top with a cylindrical push piece into
which the top of the valve spindle is screwed. By downward pressure upon the
push piece the coiled spring is compressed and the valve depressed from its seat
and the vent opened so as to permit gas or air in the churn to escape therefrom.
In order to prevent the accidental detachment of the spindle carrying the
valve from the screwed push piece, which frequently results from the jar and
rough usage to which the churn is subjected, we make the screwed push piece of
less depth than the ordinary push piece and provide it with a screwed milled head
which screws upon the upper end of the valve spindle and fits in a recess in and
seats itself upon the top of the push piece after the latter has been screwed to the
valve spindle. The said milled head constitutes a lock nut to the push piece
and prevents the accidental unfastening of the valve spindle from the push piece
in which it is screwed.
Or a screwed push piece of the ordinary depth may be employed and be
prevented from being accidentally detached from the valve spindle by a set screw
passed through the side of the barrel of the vent taking into an annular groove
in the top of the valve spindle.
For the purpose of providing a large opening for the exit of gas or air from
the churn when the vent is opened, we make, by coring, in the barrel of the
vent, a chamber extending from above the valve seat to about the middle of the
said barrel, the upper expanded part of the chamber opening by lateral passages
at two, three or more points in that part of the barrel external to the churn.
In order to readily screw the screwed lower part of the barrel of the vent into
the churn we make the base of the plain part which is external to the churn, of
a hexagonal or other angular figure on which hexagonal or angular part a spanner
may be fitted for readily screwing the vent into the churn.
We make the underside of the valve proper carried by the screwed spindle with

page_text: a projection or raised part which is nicked or cross cut after the manner of the
head of a screw. By means of the said nicked raised part on the valve a screw driver
may be applied to the underside of the valve and the said valve and its spindle
rotated so as to tighten the latter in its push piece at top.
'
Dated this Twentieth day of December 1899.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.
improvements in vents or valves for Churns and other vessels.
We, JAMES BOOTH, trading as Samuel Booth & Co., of Cheapside Works, Cheap-
side, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Brassfounder, and WILLIAM JOHN
WARD, of No. 1, Lover's Walk, Aston, near Birmingham, aforesaid, Foreman of
Works, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner the
same is to be perfórmed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The said invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in vents
or valves for churns and other vessels whereby the inconveniences attending the
use of vents or valves of the ordinary construction are. obviated and the fitting
of the said vents or valves to the churns and other vessels facilitated.
We will describe the said invention as applied to a churn to which it is particu-
larly applicable.
The vents or valves to which the said improvements apply consist of a barrel
or case having a valve with an axial spindle which valve is pressed upwards to
its seat at the bottom of the barrel by a coiled spring. About one half of the
barrel is screwed into the churn the other plain half of the barrel projecting from
the churn and being fitted at its top with a cylindrical push piece into
which the top of the valve spindle is screwed. By downward pressure upon the
push piece the coiled spring is compressed and the valve depressed from its seat
and the vent opened so as to permit gas or air in the churn to escape therefrom.
In order to prevent the accidental detachment of the spindle carrying the
valve from the screwed push piece, which frequently results from the jar and
rough usage to which the churn is subjected, we make the screwed push piece of
less depth than the ordinary push piece and provide it with a screwed milled head
which screws upon the upper end of the valve spindle and fits in a recess in and
seats itself upon the top of the push piece after the latter has been screwed to the
valve spindle. The said milled head constitutes a lock nut to the push piece
and prevents the accidental unfastening of the valve spindle from the push piece
in which it is screwed.
Or a screwed push piece of the ordinary depth may be employed and be
prevented from being accidentally detached from the valve spindle by a set screw
passed through the side of the barrel of the vent taking into an annular groove
in the top of the valve spindle.
For the purpose of providing a large opening for the exit of gas or air from
the churn when the vent is opened, we make, by coring, in the barrel of the
vent, a chamber extending from above the valve seat to about the middle of the
said barrel, the upper expanded part of the chamber opening by lateral passages
at two, three or more points in that part of the barrel external to the churn.
In order to readily screw the screwed lower part of the barrel of the vent into

page_text: the churn we make the base of the plain part which is external to the churn of
a hexagonal or other angular figure on which hexagonal or angular part a spanner
may be fitted for readily screwing the vent into the churn.
We make the underside of the valve proper carried by the screwed spindle with
a projection or raised part which is nicked or cross cut after the manner of the
head of a screw. By means of the said nicked raised part on the valve a screw driver
may be applied to the underside of the valve and the said valve and its spindle
rotated so as to tighten the latter in its push piece at top.
Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawing represent in front elevation and
vertical section respectively a vent or valve for a churn constructed according to
one arrangement of the said invention.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section of the said vent or valve the said section being
taken on the dotted line at, it Figure 1.
Figures 4 and 5 represent respectively in side elevation and vertical section a
vent or valve constructed according to another or modified arrangement of the
said invention.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of
the drawing.
We will first describe the arrangement Figures 1, 2 and 3.
oll
a, a', a is the tubular barrel or case of the vent or valve the part a² when the
vent or valve is in use being screwed into the churn the angular part a¹ of the
case bearing on the churn. 6 is the axial spindle terminating at bottom in the
valve proper 62. The upper or chambered part of the valve contains the coiled
spring by the action of which on the push piece d, d² which is screwed on the
upper end of the spindle the valve proper 62 is preserved in close contact with
the valve seat in the bottom of the screwed part 2 of the case a, a¹, a². The
push piece d, d² consists of two parts; the part d upon the underside of which
the spring bears, is recessed at top and into the recess the tubular part of the
milled head a² passes when the said milled head is screwed
the spindle. When the milled head d² is screwed home it bears. on
the top of the part d and constitutes a lock nut for the same. The internal
diameter of the screwed part a² of the case or barrel is made much larger than
the diameter of the spindle b so as to obtain a large passage for the escape of gas
or air on the opening of the valve. The part a¹ of the case or barrel is made
angular to facilitate the attachment of the vent or valve to and its detachment
from the churn with which it is to be used, a spanner being applied to the said
angular part a¹. The angular part has preferably at opposite points exit
openings e, e by which gas or air escaping by the tubular part 2 of the case or
barrel passes into the atmosphere. The said openings e are preferably made by
coring in the casting process by which the barrel or case is made but we wish
it to be understood that one, two or more holes may be made in the angular part a¹
of the case or barrel by a drilling operation.
The underside of the valve proper b² has a small projection 71 which is nicked
or grooved to facilitate the turning of the valve spindle 3 when screwing the push
piece d, on and off the upper end of the said spindle 3.
In the arrangement Figures 4 and 5 we make the push piece d in the ordinary
way and secure it to the valve spindle b as follows:-
We make an annular groove or neck f in the valve spindle 6 near its upper
end and we make a screwed hole in one side of the push piece d. The said push
piece is screwed on the spindle b until the screwed hole in the side of the same
is coincident with the neck or groove f when a set screw pin g is passed through
the side screwed hole and made to engage in the neck or annular groove in the
screwed end of the spindle for retaining the push piece d in place. In other
respects the vent or valve Figures 4 and 5 is the same as the vent or valve
Figures 1, 2 and 3 and corresponding parts in the two valves are marked with
the same letters of reference.
The application of the said invention to vents or valves for vessels other than

page_text: churns differs in no essential respects from its application to the vent or valve of
a churn as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we
claim as the said invention of improvements in vents or valves for churns and
other vessels:-
First Securing the push piece to the screwed end of the spindle of the vent
or valve by making the said push piece in two parts one part constituting a lock
nut to the other part, or by using in combination with the ordinary push piece
a set screw pin which is passed through a side hole in the push piece and engaged
in a neck or annular groove made in the screwed end of the spindle substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Secondly Making in the valve proper or in a projection on the valve proper
a cross groove or nick to facilitate the attachment of the spindle of the valve to
the push piece substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawing.
Thirdly Making the base of that part of the case or barrel of the vent or
valve which is external to the churn or vessel to which the vent or valve is applied
angular in cross section so as to permit the screwing of the said vent or valve to
the churn or other vessel by the aid of a spanner substantially as herein before
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Fourthly-Making the lower or screwed part of the case or barrel of the vent
or valve of an internal diameter so much greater than that of the spindle of the
valve as to leave such a space between them that a ready passage for the escape
of gas or air from the churn or other vessel is obtained substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Doted this Third day of September 1900.
JAMES BOOTH,
WILLIAM JOHN WARD.