Improvements in or relating to Water Spraying Apparatus for Damping Air, Ventilation, and like purposes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 18th June, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 10th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 11th Apr., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Water Spraying Apparatus for
Damping Air, Ventilation, and like purposes.
I, HERMANN GUMTOW, Engineer, of IV Weyringergasse 30, Vienna, in the
Empire of Austria, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the so-called water-jet apparatus for air-damping and
ventilation, the action of which consists in spraying water under pressure; the
water thus sprayed drawing in the air (by aspiration or suction) and forcing it
forward, so creating an air-current for ventilation.
A principal element in this invention consists of the water-spraying device because
the useful effect of the apparatus is mainly dependent upon the construction and
arrangement thereof.
For the purpose of creating a powerful draught or ventilating air-current, the
sprayer must be so constructed that the sprayed water must be hurled forward or
continuously injected with the greatest possible velocity and force; further the
water must be delivered from the spraying apparatus in the finest possible state of
comminution, so that a rational working i.e. the utmost possible effect with the least
possible quantity of water may be obtained.
Moreover care must be taken to see that the sprayer is not liable to sudden
choking or stoppage while at work whereby its service would be unreliable.
The spraying device is composed of an upper part which is connected with the
high-pressure water-pipe, or the discharge pipe of a force-pump; and of a lower
part (secured to the former by a hermetically scaled screw-joint) which has a
cylindrical interior containing a movable ring-shaped part pressed upwards by
a coiled spring against a spring-ring. The body of the movable ring is provided
with an orifice for the reception and guidance of a stem and a conical seat after the
manner of a valve-seat to receive a valve-body.
On the lower end of the spindle or stem is fixed a cone (or cone-shaped body)
which upon its convex surface is provided with several slanting slots. As soon as
the water enters into the upper part of the sprayer the body of the movable ring
together with the valve-body is pressed down until the lower cone lodges on the
seat of the lower part the coiled spring being compressed and energised simulta-
neously; a further descent of the valve-body being thereby prevented. But the
water continues further to depress the movable ring and spring so that its seating-
surface forms an opening with the conical surface of the valve-body through which
the water finds its way to the lower part of the spraying apparatus, and an issue
(under pressure) through the slots in the convex surface of the lower cone. By
the slaut direction of these slots or channels on the cone-surface, the water spurts
therefrom with a rotary motion and is consequently finely divided into spray.
The degree of fineness of this comminution is naturally dependent upon
(1) the slope,
(2) the size, and
(3) the number of the slots or channels in the lower cone.
The opening at the upper valve-seating allows exactly as much water to pass
through, as the slots or channels on the surface of the lower cone can discharge, and
by reason of its fineness (dependent of course on the diameter and circumference of
the seat in the movable ring) it prevents the passage of any large masses of
impurities or extraneous matter, which the water might bring with it in mechanical

page_text: suspension, into the lower part of the spraying apparatus, where they might stop
up or choke the slots or channels in the lower cone.
When the spraying apparatus is stopped from working, and thrown out of action
by cutting off the water-supply the coiled spring raises the movable ring closes
the opening against the upper valve-body and finally lifts the lower cone from
its seat.
The water remaining in the lower part of the sprayer runs away, carrying with
it any small impurities or extraneous matter which may have found a lodgment in
the slanting slots of the surface of the lower cone.
In a modification of the above-described spraying apparatus the slanting slots
are not cut in the lower cone but in its seat, the working being exactly the
same.
In a spraying apparatus with a double spray-device or arrangement, the seat of
the lower cone forms a hollow external cone whose outer conical surface is also
provided in its upper part with slanting slots, so that the water passing through the
latter, on issuing from the annular orifice also acquires rotary motion and is similarly
reduced to the same finely divided state.
The hollow external cone is provided with a bow or yoke which is conducted to
the stem or spindle and when the lower cone is raised the hollow external cone is
also lifted off its seat by the upper valve-body and movable ring so that not only
the slanting slots on the conical surface of the lower cone but also those of the
hollow external cone are uncovered and set free, whereby also an automatic cleansing
of the same is operated.
All the sprayers at present in use have this great disadvantage, that, with a small
or limited water-supply, they entirely fail to divide and comminute the water, or at
most only effect the same very coarsely; and they have thus failed to justify their
claims to efficiency in cases where a thoroughly complete, regular, and reliable
spraying of the water, under all conditions and circumstances is a sine quâ non.
This defect is entirely remedied by means of the present invention, inasmuch as
the spraying apparatus, in consequence of the power of resistance of the coiled
spring can only begin to act under a pressure of water sufficing to overcome that
resistance, and thereafter effects continuously an extremely fine distribution of
water-spray.
Another very important advantage of this improved apparatus over all other
sprayers, is the retention or keeping back of all coarse impurities in suspension in
the water, effected by the fineness of the self-created opening or slot and the
automatic cleansing of the slanting slots in the curved surface of the lower or
hollow external cones.
The sprayer above-described may be applied solely for such requirements, or it
may be used in combination with a lateral case and connections as an air-damping,
ventilating and disinfecting apparatus.
An example of its application is as follows:-A circulating and air-damping
apparatus in the upper part whereof is arranged a water-sprayer is in connection
with a high-pressure water-pipe or a force-pump discharge-pipe: in the lower part
of the apparatus is arranged a conical deflector for the purpose of catching the
coarser water-particles and to give the air-current another direction. The upper
spraying canal is widened out into a sort of bell-mouth, approximately parallel
to the upper and outer surface forming an inverted-funnel shaped opening.
When the apparatus is in action, the water from the sprayer forms a conical
bell-shaped mass of finely comminuted particles which are further sub-divided by
the rebound from the curved conical upper surface of the funnel shaped opening
while at the same time sucking in the air from the room or space. The coarser
dust-particles of the water-spray are retained in the enclosed space and are conveyed
away directly. The in-drawn air is thoroughly mixed and saturated with the finer
particles of water-spray while being cooled down to the temperature of the water;
and impinges upon the conical deflector whereby the watery particles still carried
therewith against this deflector, and the said air-current are diverted laterally

page_text: from their downwardly divergent direction and the air, together with the water-
spray (in the form of mist) issues again into the room or space through an annular
opening.
In a modification of the apparatus just described two sprayers are arranged in
its lower part which acting in opposite directions separate the two casings and
intersect the downward current of air saturated with water spray from the upper
sprayer; this combination having the effect of a still more minute subdivision of
the water-spray, which is all carried away by the air-current induced by the upper
sprayer and rebounding from the conical surfaces is discharged into the room or
space through the annular opening.
A further modification consists of an arrangement of a spraying apparatus in
a U-shaped pipe as a ventilating apparatus.
An arrangement of a horizontal air-damping apparatus, is applicable as well to
the supply of fresh air, as to the circulation of the air in a room.
Such an apparatus consists of a spraying canal or conduit which is enlarged
downwards and by means of this slanting prolongation forms a slot. The working
is similar to that described in relation to the last modifications, but with the
difference that the damp-saturated air is not discharged in the form of a ring, but.
escapes in contrary directions through the two opposite wings. To this apparatus:
is fixed a two-way valve which is arranged in such manner that either the outer
atmospheric air or the air from the room or other space can be sucked in.
Dated this 18th day of June 1895.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to Water Spraying Apparatus for
Damping Air, Ventilation, and like purposes.
I, HERMANN GUMTOW of Vienna, in the Empire of Austria, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to water jet apparatus for air damping and ventilation the
action of which consists in spraying water, under pressure; the water thus sprayed
drawing in the air (by aspiration or suction) and forcing it forward, so creating an
air-current for ventilation.
A principal element in this invention is the water-spraying device, since the
useful effect of the apparatus is mainly dependent upon the construction and
arrangement thereof.
For the purpose of creating a powerful draught or ventilating air-current, the
sprayer must be so constructed that the sprayed water is hurled forward or
continuously injected with the greatest possible velocity and force; further the
water must be delivered from the spraying apparatus in the finest possible state of
comminution, so that a rational working, i.e., the utmost possible effect with the
least possible quantity of water, may be obtained.
Moreover, care must be taken to see that the sprayer is not liable to sudden
choking or stoppage, while at work, whereby its service would be unreliable.
Figures 1 and 2 show the improved sprayer in section, the former representing
the separate working parts as they are when in the state of rest or inaction, the
latter, when in action.
The spraying device is composed of an upper part a which is connected with the
high-pressure water-pipe, or the discharge pipe of a force-pump; and a lower part b
(secured to the former a by a hermetically sealed screw-joint) which has a
cylindrical interior containing a movable ring-shaped part e pressed upwards by a

page_text: coiled spring against a spring retaining ring r. The body of the movable ring e
is provided with an orifice for the reception and guidance of a stem i and a conical
seat, after the manner of a valve-seat, to receive a valve-body d.
C
On the lower end of the spindle or stem i is fixed a cone (or cone shaped body) c
which, upon its convex surface is provided with several slanting slots or grooves.
As soon as the water enters into the upper part a of the sprayer the body of the
movable ring e together with the valve-body d is pressed down, until the lower
cone e lodges on the seat of the lower part b (the coiled spring f being compressed
and energised simultaneously); a further descent of the valve-body d being thereby
prevented. But the water continues further to depress the movable ring e and
spring so that its seating-surface forms an openings with the conical surface of
the valve-body d through which the water finds its way to the lower part of the
spraying apparatus, and issues under pressure, through the grooves in the convex
surface of the lower cone c. By the slant direction of these grooves on the cone-
surface the water spurts therefrom with a rotary motion, and is consequently finely
divided into spray.
The degree of fineness of this comminution is naturally dependent upon (1) the
slope, (2) the size, and (3) the number of the grooves in the cone c.
The opening at the upper valve seating c allows just as much water to pass
through, as the slots or channels on the surface of the cone c can discharge, and,
by reason of its fineness (dependent of course on the dimensions of the seat in the
movable ring e) it prevents the passage of any large masses of impurities or
extraneous matter, which the water might bring with it in mechanical suspension,
into the lower part of the spraying apparatus; where they might stop up or choke
the grooves in the cone c.
When the spraying apparatus is stopped from working, and thrown out of action
by cutting off the water supply, the coiled spring fraises the movable ring e, closes
the opening against the upper valve-body d, and finally lifts the lower cone c from
its seat.
The water remaining in the lower part of the sprayer runs away. carrying with
it any small impurities or extraneous matter, which may have lodged in the slanting
grooves of the surface of the cone c.
Figure 3 shows a modification of the above-described spraying apparatus, in
which the slanting slots are not cut in the cone c, but in its seat, the working being
exactly the same.
Figure 4 shows a spraying apparatus with a double spray-device or arrangement;
the seat of the cone c forms a hollow external cone shown in detail in Fig. 4
whose outer conical surface is also provided in its upper part with slanting slots,
so that the water passing through the latter, on issuing from the annular orifice u
also acquires rotary motion and is similarly reduced to the same finely divided
state.
The hollow cone is provided with a bow or yoke v which is conducted to the
stem or spindle i, and when the lower cone c is raised the hollow cone is also lifted
off its seat by the upper valve-body d and movable ring e, so that not only the
slanting grooves on the conical surface of the cone c, but also those of the hollow
cone h are uncovered and set free, whereby also an automatic cleansing of the same
is brought about.
All the sprayers at present in use have this great disadvantage, that, with a small
or limited water-supply, they entirely fail to divide and comminute the water, or at
most only effect the same very coarsely; and they have thus failed to justify their
claims to efficiency in cases where a thoroughly complete, regular, and reliable
spraying of the water, is a sine quú non.
This defect is remedied by means of the present invention, inasmuch as the
spraying apparatus, in consequence of the power of resistance of the coiled spring f
can only begin to act under a pressure of water sufficient to overcome that resistance,
and thereafter effects continuously an extremely fine distribution of water-spray.
Another very important advantage of this improved apparatus over other

page_text: sprayers, is the keeping back of all coarse impurities in suspension in the water,
effected by the fineness of the opening s, and the automatic cleansing of the slanting
grooves in the curved surfaces of the cones c and h.
The sprayer as described above, may be applied solely for such requirements, or
it may be used in combination with a lateral case and connections as an air-damping,
ventilating and disinfecting apparatus.
Figure 5 shows a circulating and air damping apparatus in the upper part of
which is arranged a water-sprayer in connection with a high-pressure water-pipe or
a force-pump discharge-pipe in the lower part of the apparatus is arranged a
conical deflector t for the purpose of catching the coarser water-particles and to
give the air-current another direction. The upper spraying passage k is widened
at the bottom into a sort of bell-mouth and with the adjacent conical part forms an
opening o.
When the apparatus is in action, the water from the sprayer forms a conical
bell-shaped mass of finely comminuted particles which are further subdivided by
the rebound from the curved conical surface of while at the same time sucking in
the air from the room or space. The coarser dust-particles of the water-spray are
retained in the enclosed space formed as shown, between k and land are conveyed
away directly. The in-drawn air is thoroughly mixed with the fine particles of the
water spray and is completely saturated with the water vapour being cooled down
to the temperature of the water; and then impinges upon the conical deflector t
whereby the watery particles, together with the air-current, are diverted laterally,
and the air, together with the water-spray (in the form of mist) issues again into
the room or space through annular opening p.
Figure 6 shows a modification of the apparatus last described in which two
sprayers are arranged in the lower part; these sprayers acting in opposite directions
so that the two conical films of finely comminuted particles intersect and cause a
still more minute subdivision of the water spray, which is all carried away by the
air-current induced by the sprayer Z, and rebounding from the conical surfaces 1
and t, is discharged into the room or space through the annular opening p.
Figure 7 shows a further modification consisting of an arrangement of a spraying
apparatus in a U-shaped pipe as a ventilating apparatus.
Figures 8, 9, 10, and 11, show a horizontal air-damping apparatus applicable as
well to the supply of fresh air, as to the circulation of the air in a room.
The
Such an apparatus comprises a spraying canal or conduit which is enlarged
downwards and by means of this slanting prolongation forms an opening o.
operation is similar to that previously described and illustrated in Figure 5 but with
the difference that the damp-saturated air is not discharged in the form of a ring,
but escapes in contrary directions through the two opposite wings F. To this
apparatus is fixed a two-way valve shown in Figures 10 and 11, which is arranged
in such manner that either the outer atmospheric air, or the air from the room or
other space can be sucked in.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
-
1. In a spraying device for damping air and ventilation purposes, the combination
with a casing of a valve comprising a spindle and two cones such as d and c, the
seating of the latter cone e being in the lower part of the casing and either the
seating or the cone having suitable grooves cut in it, the seating of the former
cone d being a movable ring such as e, a spring tending to raise this ring and a
device to limit the upward movement of the movable ring substantially as and for
the purpose described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In a spraying device such as described, the combination with a valve such
as die, of a hollow cone such as h surrounding the cone c of the valve, and provided
with grooves substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.

page_text: 3. The combination with a spraying device such as described of a conical ring
such as and a casing such as k substantially as and for the purpose described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. The combination with a spraying device such as described of a casing such as k
and a two-way valve substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete spraying
apparatus substantially as described and illustrated with reference to Figure 5 or
Figure 6 or Figure 9 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 10th day of March 1896.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.