IMPROVEMENTS IN CHISEL OR TOOL HOLDERS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Nicholas Floyd, of Handsworth, in the County of
Stafford, Machinist, and Charles Green Marston, of Smethwick in the County of
Stafford, Boiler Maker, for the Invention-of-IMPROVEMENTS IN CHISEL OR
TOOL HOLDERS.”
Sealed the 16th November 1877, and dated the 5th June 1877.
PROVISIONAL. SPECIFICATION left by the said John Nicholas Floyd and
Charles Green Marston at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
5th June 1877.
JOHN NICHOLAS FLOYD; of Handsworth, in the County of Stafford, Machinist,
and CHARLES GREEN MARSTON, of Smethwick, in the County of Stafford, Boiler
Maker. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHISEL OR TOOL HOLDERS."
Our said Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in chisel
or tool holders, by which improvements the connection of the chisel or tool with
the holder is rapidly and securely made, and great facility thereby obtained in the
removal and substitution of tools for grinding, repair, or other purpose.
In making a chisel or tool holder according to our Invention, we make a handle
of any convenient size and shape, and at the holding end of the said handle we form än
enlargement, in which enlargement we make a recoss of a shape and size proper to
receive the shank of the chisel or tool. The axis of the said recess is coincident with
the axis of the handle of the holder. Crossing the said recess at right angles is' a
hole extending all across the enlargement in which the recess is situated. This hole
does not pass through or cross the axis of the holder, but is so situated that it opens
into one side of the recess. The said hole tapers slightly from one end to the other.
A taper pin fits in the said hole and may be fixed tightly therein or removed by
percussion; the said pin is flattened along the greater part of its length by filing, or
otherwise removing a portion of the metal.
The shank of the chisel or tool is made to fit the recess in' the holder, and after
the shank has been inserted into the recess, the taper pin is driven into the cross
hole with its flat side bearing on the shank of the tool, and the tool is thereby firmly
secured in the holder.. By a few blows on the small end of the said pin it may be
removed and the chisel or tool released.

page_text: A cross hole may be made at the base of the recess by inserting and driving a
wedge-shaped tool, in which hole the chisel may be forced from its recess should it
be so tightly fitted therein as to require the application of much force for its
removal.
Instead of fixing the chisel or tool in the recess by means of the pin described, a
set screw may be used with like effect:
The recess in which the shank of the chisel or tool is inserted may be opened at
two opposite sides, in which case the two branches of the fork into which it is made
have a slight springing action, and bear upon the shank of the chisel or tool through
its whole length. Or the recess may be divided by two cross divisions, in which
case each of the four sides of the recess has a slight springing action, and the shank
of the tool is held, as it were, between four spring arms.
•
Although the recess is usually made rectangular, yet it may be made of a cylin-
drical or other figure. When made cylindrical for holding cylindrical..tools, it may
be adapted for holding tools with rectangular shanks by fixing suitably formed bushes
in the recess.
The tools to which our Invention is especially applicable are chisels for
working metals, stone, or wood, punches, caulking tools, key drifts, and the like.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Nicholas Floyd and Charles Green Marston in the Great Sea!
Patent Office on the 27th November 1877.
JOHN NICHOLAS FLOYD, of Handsworth, in the County of Stafford, Machinist,
and CHARLES GREEN MARSTON, of Smethwick, in the County of Stafford, Boiler
Maker. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHISEL OR TOOL HOLDERS."
Our said Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in chisel
or tool holders, by which improvements the connection of the chisel or tool with the
holder is rapidly and securely made; and great facility thereby obtained in. the
removal and substitution of tools for grinding, repair, or other purpose.
In making a chisel or tool holder according to our Invention, we make a handle
of any convenient size and shape, and at the holding end of the said handle we form
an enlargement, in which enlargement we make a recess of a shape and size proper
to receive the shank of the chisel or tool. The axis of the said recess is coincident
with the axis of the handle of the holder. Crossing the said recess at right angles is a
hole extending all across the enlargement in which the recess is situated. This hole
does not pass through or cross the axis of the holder, but is so situated that. it opens
into one side of the recess. The said hole tapers slightly from one end to the other.
A taper pin fits in the said hole and may be fixed tightly therein or removed by
percussion. The said pin is flattened along the greater part of its length by filing
or otherwise removing a portion of the metal.
The shank of the chisel or tool is made to fit the recess in the holder, and after the
shank has been inserted into the recess, the taper pin is driven into the cross hole
with its flat side bearing on the shank of the tool, and the tool is thereby firmly
secured in. the holder. By a few blows on the small end of the said pin it may be
removed and the chisel or tool released..
Across hole may be made at the base of the recess by inserting and driving

page_text: a wedge-shaped tool, in which hole the chisel may be forced from its recess should it
be so tightly fitted therein as to require the application of much force for its
removal.
•
Instead of fixing the chisel or tool in the recess by means of the pin described, a
set screw may be used with like effect.
_. The recess in which the shank of the chisel or tool is inserted may be opened at
two opposite sides, in which case the two branches of the fork into which it is made
have a slight springing action, and bear upon the shank of the chisel or tool through
its whole length. Or the recess may be divided by two cross divisions, in whichi
case each of the four sides of the recess has a slight springing action, and the shank
of the tool is held, as it were, between four spring arms.
Although the recess is usually made rectangular, yet it may be made of a cylin-
drical or other figure. When made cylindrical for holding cylindrical tools, it may
be adapted for holding tools with rectangular shanks by fixing suitably formed
bushes in the recess.
:
" ".
"The tools to which our Invention is especially applicable are chisels for working
metals, stone, or wood, punches, caulking tools, key drifts, and the like.
We will now describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner
in which our Invention may be performed.
Figure 1 represents in plan and side elevation, Figure 14 in cross section taken
on the dotted line Figure 1, and Figure 1" in end elevation, a chisel or tool holder
constructed according to one of the arrangements of our Invention.
a is the handle of the chisel or tool holder, and b is the enlargement at the holding
end of the same. In the said enlarged end 6 of the holder a recess c is made of
the shape and size of the shank of the tool d to be held in the holder. Crossing the
said recess at right angles and extending completely across the enlargement b is a
slightly tapering hole c. The position of the said hole e with respect to the recess c
will be seen by an examination of the Drawing. Into this holo e a taper pin f with
a flat face is driven, the flat face of the pin bearing against one of the faces of the
shank of the tool d. In fixing the chisel or tool d to the holder, the shank of the
said tool is placed in the recess c, and the taper pin f is driven with its flat faco
against the tool into the cross taper hole e, as best seen in the cross section Figure 1ª.
By the driving of the taper pin finto the taper hole e, the wedging action of the
said pin against the chisel or tool shank firmly fixes the said chisel or tool in
the holder.
To remove the tool d from the holder for grinding, repair, or otherwise, it is only
necessary to give a few blows with a hammer on the small end of the taper pin f
to remove the said pin and release the chisel or tool.
Figure 2 represents an arrangement of our Invention, in which a set screw' g is
employed in lieu of the pin f, represented in Figures 1, 14, and 1³, for fixing the
chisel or tool in the holder.
a
Figure 3 represents in side elevation, and Figure 34 in cross section, an arrange-
ment of holder for holding tools having cylindrical, square, or other shaped shanks.
In this arrangement the holding end b of the holder & is furnished with semicircular
bushes h, h, the upper one of which is capable of separating a short distance from the
under one. By means of the said bushes either a cylindrical shanked tool or a
squaro or angular shanked tool may be held in the holder. The tool d is gripped
between the two bushes h, h, by the set screw i bearing upon the upper bush. After
the tool & has been passed between the bushes h, h, which open to accommodate the
shank of the tool, the set screw it is driven hoine when the tool is securely fixed
in the holder.
Instead of using a set screw i for bearing upon the upper bush, a taper
pin marked in cross section in Figure 3B, and side elevation in Figure 3º, nay
be employed.
Figures 4 and 6 represent holders of the construction described with respect to
Figures 1, 14, and 1º, but having chisels or tools of different sectional figures; the
holders in the said Figures 4 and 6 also differ in form from those before described,

page_text: Figures 2, 5, 7, and 8 represent holders constructed according to our Invention, in
which the recess or the holding end of the holder is divided either by two longitu-
dinal divisions or slits, or by cross longitudinal divisions, so as to give to the holding
end of the holder a slight springing action.
In the arrangements represented in Figures 2, 5, and 7, the holding end 6 of the
holder has a longitudinal slit or division at opposite sides, so as to divide the said
holding end into two spring blades, between which the shank of the chisel or tool is
gripped, and in the arrangement represented in Figure 8, the holding end 6 is
divided by longitudinal cross slits or openings 1, so as to form at the said end b
four elastic sides, between which the shank of the chisel or tool is gripped.
Instead of two slits kat opposite sides of the recess, as in the arrangements,
Figures 2, 5, and 7, a single slit at one side of the recess may be used.
Having now described the nature of our Invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, we wish it be understood that we claim as our Invention of
improvements in chisel or tool holders,―
First. Constructing the holding end of the holder with a recess for receiving the
shank of the chisel or tool, and fixing the chisel or tool in the said recess, either
by a taper pin driven into a taper hole crossing the said recess or by a. set
screw, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing.
Secondly. Providing, the holding end of the holder with a divided bush for
receiving the cylindrical or other shaped shank of the chisel or tool, the chisel or
tool being fixed in the bush by means of a set screw or taper pin, substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
:
Thirdly. Making the recess in the holder for receiving the shank of the chisel or
tool, or the bush when a bush is used, capable of a slight springing action, the
said springing action being produced by making in the holding end of the holder
one or more longitudinal slits or openings, the spring side or sides of the recess
when the shank of the chisel or tool, or the bush is placed in the said recess
bearing upon or gripping the said shank or bush, substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Nicholas Floyd and John Green
Marston, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-third day of
November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
seven.
Witness,
Jos. T. ANDREWS,
Fairfield,.
Crockett Rd.,
Birmingham.
(L.S.)
JOHN NICHOLAS FLOYD.
CHARLES GREEN MARSTON. (L.S.)