IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRE BY MEANS OF WATER, PART OF WHICH IS, ALSO APPLICABLE TO. GOVERNING THE. DISCHARGE OF FLUIDS FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Taylor, of the Patent Saw Mills, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRE BY MEANS OF WATER, PART OF WHICH
IS, ALSO APPLICABLE TO. GOVERNING THE. DISCHARGE OF FLUIDS FOR OTHER
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 15th April 1856, and dated the 17th October 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Taylor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th.
October 1855.
I, the said THOMAS TAYLOR, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRE BY MEANS OF
WATER, PART OF WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO GOVERNING THE DISCHARGE OF FLUIDS
FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates, firstly, to the apparatus through which water is dis-
charged for the purpose of extinguishing fires, and consists in the adaptation
of fixed,blades, vanes, or similar parts in front of the orifice thereof, by which
means the fluid becomes divided, and is caused to cover a greater area of the
ignited surface; and in order to protect such projecting vanes or blades, I
surround them with a trumpet-shaped part.
Secondly, my Invention relates to the same apparatus, and also to orna→
mental fountains,. and other apparatus by which it may be desired to cause a

page_text: spreading of the fluid, and consists in the adaptation thereto of blades or vanes
caused to revolve, and such revolution I effect by means of the pressure of
fluid as it passes onward to be discharged. To illustrate this part of my
Invention, I will allude to an arrangement I have found to answer :-Within
the pipe constituting the end of the hose I mount a spindle, the lower end of
which is situate within an enlarged part, and carries a wheel with angular
blades, similar to a screw propeller; the upper end projects beyond the orifice
of the pipe, and is there provided with vanes, occupying a position through
which the fluid must pass; and as rotatory motion is communicated to the
spindle by the wheel below, the said vanes are caused to revolve and effect a
distribution of the fluid. In this instance I also use the trumpet-shaped
part for protection.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th April 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
TAYLOR, of the Patent Saw Mills, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Thomas Taylor, Her especial license that I, the said Thomas Taylor,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas
Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, . exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
EXTINGUISHING FIRE BY MEANS OF WATER, PART OF WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO
GOVERNING THE DISCHARGE OF FLUIDS FOR OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I; the said Thomas Taylor, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said Thomas Taylor, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawing (that is to say):-
My Invention relates, firstly, to the apparatus through which water is dis-
charged for the purpose of extinguishing fires, and consists in the adaptation
of fixed blades, vanes, or similar parts in front of the orifice thereof, by which
means the fluid becomes divided, and is caused to cover a greater area of the
ignited surface; and in order to protect such vanes or blades, I surround them
with a trumpet-shaped part.
Secondly, my Invention also relates to apparatus for extinguishing fires, and
also to ornamental fountains, and other apparatus by which it may be desired
to cause a spreading of the fluid, and consists in the adaptation thereto of
blades or vanes caused to revolve, and such revolution I effect by means of the
pressure of the fluid as it passes onward to be discharged.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood, I will proceed to
describe the Drawing accompanying this my Specification.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the apparatus constructed for application
to a fireman's hose, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of a portion thereof. Upon the
pipe a is a socket b, provided with a cross piece c, carrying a projecting rod d
which I will, for describing the first part of my Invention, suppose to be fixed.
This rod is split at its upper ends, so as to be capable of expansion and con-
traction, and is formed at top with an enlarged part e; over this a boss fis
passed, having a slot g at its lower end, which fits into a pin attached to the
rod d. The boss f has arm's' h carrying angular vanes i, and the whole is
surrounded, and thereby protected by a trumpet-shaped part k. The boss and
its vanes are by these means confined to the rod d at the upper end by the
enlarged part e, having expanded subsequently to the adaptation, and at the
lower end by the passing of the slot g on to the pin of the rod d. If water be
now forced through the pipe a, it will necessarily be caused to infringe upon
the vanes i, and will thereby become distributed, so as to cover an enlarged
area. If it be desired to alter the distribution of the fluid, the vanes may be
removed and others applied, set at a different angle, or otherwise variously
constructed. This is readily accomplished by compressing the split part of the
rod d, when the boss f will pass the enlarged part e.
Thus far I have described the vanes as stationary, according to the first part
of my Invention. I will now proceed to shew how they may be caused to
rotate according to the second part thereof. The said vanes and their socket
are for this purpose applied as already described; but in this instance the rod a

page_text: is mounted so as to be capable of turning in the cross piece c, and is below
that part united to a rod l, also mounted so as to revolve in a cross piece m..
To this rod is attached a wheel n, with angular vanes, after the manner of a
screw propeller, and shewn detached at Fig. 3; the water passing onward, and
acting against this, will necessarily cause the rods d, l, to revolve, and rotatory
motion will therefore be communicated to the vanes i, which will act upon the
fluid as it issues from the pipe, and effect the required distribution; and this
may be altered as desired by changing the arrangement of vanes, as before
mentioned.
I above alluded to this second part of my Invention as applied to extin-
guishing fires, but it may also be adapted to other purposes in which a dis-
tribution of fluids passed from an orifice is required; as, for instance, to.
ornamental fountains or to garden or agricultural apparatus used for spreading
water or other fluids.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be under-
stood that I claim as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters
Patent,
Firstly, as applied to the extinguishing of fires, the use of fixed' vanes
or blades for distributing water as it issues from pipes or other such
apparatus.
Secondly, the use of rotatory vanes or blades for the like-purpose, and also
for fountains, garden or agricultural apparatus for distributing fluids, and other
purposes of similar requirements.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Taylor, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
THOMAS TAYLOR. (L.S.)