IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Edward Asquith, of Leeds, and Frederic
Alexander Greenwood, of Bradford, both in the County of York,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING WOOL
AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 22nd September 1871, and dated the 10th April 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Edward
Asquith and Frederic Alexander Greenwood at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 10th April
1871.
We, SAMUEL EDWARD ASQUITH, of Leeds, and FREDERIC ALEXANDER
GREENWOOD, of Bradford, both in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR SPINNING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention relates to improvements in apparatus (such as that
for which we obtained Letters Patent bearing date October 10th, 1870,
No. 2681) to be applied in connection with holding and drawing

page_text: rollers to the condenser carding engine, or otherwise, for the purpose of
imparting to rovings or preparings of wool or other fibrous substances
a certain amount of twist or twine to enable them to be drawn to the
required extent previous to their being spun into yarn by the ordinary
spinning spindles.
One arrangement consists of a short spindle mounted in a suitable
bearing fixed to the framework of the machine, and situated between
a pair of holding and drawing rollers. The spindle is bored throughout
its length for the passage of the roving, which is led from the holding
rollers through the spindle to the eye of a pin or equivalent device
attached to a pulley running loose on the end of the spindle nearest to
the drawing rollers to which the roving passes from said pin. The
spindle (which carries a pulley by which it is rotated) is disposed in linc
with the roving as it passes from the holding to the drawing rollers,
there being a similar apparatus for each roving. The pin or wire above
mentioned has oue or more loops or eyes through which the roving is
led for the purpose of receiving (by the rotation of said pin with the
pulley to which it is fixed) the amount of twist required, at the same
time that the roving passes freely on and is subjected to the action of
the drawing rollers.
According to another arrangement two pulleys are mounted to rotato
in the same axial line in bearings fixed to the framework as before in
line with the roving. Each pulley is bored for the passage of the
roving, which is led first through one pulley and then through the
other to the eye of a pin or other device carried on the pulley nearest to
the drawing rollers, by the rotation of which pulley the required twist
is put in the roving to enable it to be drawn. The hole in the latter
pulley for the passage of the roving is made through its axis, whilst
that in the other pulley through which the roving first passes is made
more or less eccentric to prevent (by the friction of the roving in passing
through it) the twist put into the roving passing up to the holding
rollers.
In the first described arrangement the corresponding and of the

page_text: filed by the said Samuel Edward Asquith and Frederic Alexander
Greenwood in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th October
1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, SAMUEL
EDWARD ASQUITи, of Leeds, and Frederic ALEXANDER GREENWOOD,
of Bradford, both in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Samuel Edward Asquith and Frederic
Alexander Greenwood, Her special licence that we, the said Samuel
Edward Asquith and Frederic Alexander Greenwood, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Samuel
Edward Asquith and Frederic Alexander Greenwood, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR SPINNING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Samuel Edward Asquith
and Frederic Alexander Greenwood, our executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Samuel Edward Asquith and
Frederic Alexander Greenwood, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto

page_text: annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say) :-
Our Invention relates to improvements in apparatus (such as that for
which we obtained Letters Patent bearing date October 10th, 1870,
No. 2681) to be employed in combination with holding and drawing
rollers for the purpose of imparting to rovings or preparings of wool or
other fibrous substances a certain amount of twist or twine to enablo
them to be drawn to the required extent ar length previous to their
being continuously spun into yarn or thread by ordinary spinning
spindles.
By simultaneously drawing and twisting or spinning the fibres on
their passage from the holding to the drawing rollers a more even and
a finer yarn is produced, our Invention being designed to aid in spiuning
very short fibres.
One arrangement consists of a short spindle provided with the twist-
ing device hereafter described mounted in a suitable bearing to be
fixed to the framework of the spinning frame between the holding and
drawing rollers. The spindle is bored throughout its length for the
passage of the roving, which is led from the holding rollers through
the spindle to the eye of a pin or equivalent device attached to a pulley
running loose on the end of the spindle nearest to the drawing rollers
to which the roving passes from said pin. The spindle carries a pulley,
by which it is rotated, and is disposed in line with the roving as it
passes from the holding to the drawing rollers, there being a similar
apparatus for each roving. The pin or wire above mentioned has one
or more loops or eyes, through which the roving is led for the purpose
of receiving (by the rotation of said pin with the pulley to which it
is attached) the amount of twist required, at the same time that the
roving passes freely on and is subjected to the action of the drawing
rollers.
According to a modified arrangement two pulleys are mounted in the
same axial line in bearings fixed to the framework, as before, in line
with the roving. Each pulley is bored for the passage of the roving,
which is led first through one pulley and then through the other, to the
eye of a pin or other device carried on the pulley nearest to the drawing
roller, by the rotation of which pulley the required twist is put in the
roving to enable it to be drawn. The hole in the latter pulley for

page_text: eccentric to prevent (by the friction of the roving in passing through it)
the twist put into the roving passing up to the holding rollers.
In the first described arrangement the corresponding end of the
spindle may be bored eccentrically for the same purpose.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section of our improved device;
Figure 2 is a similar section of a slightly modified arrangement; and
Figure 3 is an end view of so much of a spinning machine as is required
to show the manner in which our device is applied and operated.
same letters of reference indicate similar parts in the several Figures.
The
a is a spindle mounted in a bearing or cross bar 6 placed across the
spinning frame and carrying a number of tubular spindles each disposed
in line with a roving or sliver as it passes from the holding to the
drawing rollers, and all arranged and operated as hereafter described.
Each spindle carries two pulleys c, c', one at either end, the one pulley c
being fast, and the other c¹ running loose on the spindle a, which
is rotated by a cord or band applied to pulley c and operated as hereafter
described in reference to Figure 3. d is the wire or twister attached to
the face of pulley c¹, to which rotary motion is also imparted by a
cord or band for the purpose of putting the desired twist in the roving.
The pulley c' and twister d are situate at that end of the spindle which
is nearest to the drawing rollers, and the said twister consists of a wire
formed with one or more eyes or loops, through which the roving is
led, the loops being partly open to admit the roving without threading.
We prefer to employ two or three loops, one of which is eccentric to
the axis of rotation of the spindle a, while the loop at the extremity
is in line therewith, as shown, so as to twist the roving or sliver
without greatly impeding its passage. The spindle a has a hole e bored
longitudinally for the passage of the roving f, the said hole being
slightly eccentric at the rear end of the spindle (but concentric at the
end to which the twister d is applied), so that the roving in passing
through will always be in contact with the side of the hole e to
prevent the twist put into the roving by the twister d or its equivalent
travelling upwards along the roving to the holding rollers, the spindle a
being rotated in the contrary direction to the pulley c¹ carrying the

page_text: twister d, and at about half the speed of the latter. f is the condenser
roving or sliver of fibrous material coming from the holding rollers. It
passes through the spindle a and is led through the eyes or loops of the
twister d, which imparts the desired amount of twist to the roving or
sliver and permits of its being simultaneously drawn or extended by the
drawing rollers.
In the device shown in Figure 2 the pulley carrying the twister d
does not run on spindle a, as in the previous arrangement, but is carried
on a short spindle a mounted in a separate bearing and disposed in the
same axial line with spindle a, the action of the device being, however,
substantially the same as that above described. Cords or bands are
applied to the pullies to rotate them in contrary directions. The
twister d is affixed to the face of pulley c¹ as before, its extremity
being brought as close between the drawing rollers as possible, and the
roving is led to the twister & through holes e, e¹, bored in pulleys c, c',
for its passage. The hole c is bored eccentrically through its spindle
with the object before mentioned (the hole e' being concentric), and
pulley c runs at about half the speed of pulley c¹.
Figure 3 represents in outline the end of a spinning frame to show
the manner of applying our device thereto.
A is our device supported on bars extending along the machine from
end to end, a similar device being applied for each roving to be spun.
The various parts are driven by spur gearing, shown in outline by red
lines, and operated as hereafter described, but the arrangement forms no
part of our Invention and may be varied as circumstances require. Bis
the bobbin or coil of condenser roving or sliver as received from the
condenser or carding machines or preparing machines used for various
fibrous substances. The roving is unwound by tho rotation of the
surface or hobbin drum B', or the roving may be drawn from bobbins
otherwise arranged. The roving is led between the pressing and
holding or feed rollers C, C', and through our device as previously
described, thence between the pressing roller D and drawing or delivery
roller D' to the flyer E of an ordinary spinning spindle, by which the
roving is finally spun into yarn (weft or warp); F, F, are cords or
bands for operating our device as before mentioned, being carried round
cylinders or rollers G, G', having on their axes spur wheels G³ gearing
together, the cylinder G' being driven from the main drum H of the
machine; I, I, are guide rollers for cords or bands F, F. A pinion K

page_text: on the driving shaft gears with a wheel L whose axis carries a pinion M,
which gears with another wheel N on the axis of the holding rollers C¹.
The latter also carries a wheel O which drives the wheel P on the axis
of the bobbin drum through the intervention of wheel Q and a larger
wheel R which drives the wheel S on the drawing roller D¹ through
the intermediate wheel T.
Having described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we declare that what we claim as our Invention
to be protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,
the combination with a hollow spindle a and pulley c of a twisting
device d or its equivalent attached to a pulley c', the whole constituting
the improved apparatus of our Invention operated, arranged, and applied
between the holding and drawing rollers of a spinning frame, all sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein-before set forth and shown in
the Drawings.
In witness whercof, I, the said Samuel Edward Asquith, for myself
and on behalf of the said Frederic Alexander Greenwood, have
hereunto set my hand and scal, this Ninth day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
onc.