Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Aug., 1899-Accepted, 21st Apr., 1900
We, JACOB STOLL DETRICK, of 205, East Preston Street, Alanufacturer, and
FRANCIS HOSKINS EASBY, of 1223, Mount Royal Avenue, Mechanical Engineer,
both in Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, United States of America, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to machines for finishing nuts and is fully described
in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings in
which:-
Figure 1 is a partially sectional side view of the improved machine.
Fig. 2 is a top view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a section of Fig. 1 taken on the dotted linear.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of certain parts of the machine shown in
Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view showing the face and a central section of three
different bushings any one of which may constitute an element of the machine,
as hereinafter described.
Referring now to the drawings, A is the frame of the machine. It is made
hollow, and the lower portion thereof adapted as a receptacle for tools, and such
pieces of the machine as are not in use. It is provided with a door ..
B is a revoluble spindle supported in bearing boxes in the frame A. The
rear end of the spindle bears against a thrust screw in a bracket C, and the front
end is bored to receive a mandrel D which is threaded at its outer end to receive
nuts to be faced.
The mandrel D, together with certain parts of the machine adjacent thereto,
is shown on an enlarged scale in Fig. 4.
The parts of the frame A which contain the bearing boxes b, are extended
upward to provide bearings e for the driving shaft E. On this driving shaft is
secured the cone driving pulley F, and the gear wheels H and I, the former being
the smaller of the two.
J and K are gear wheels adapted to turn loosely on the spindle B, with the
latter, K, in mesh with the gear wheel I, on the driving shaft E. The other gear.
wheel J is driven from the gear wheel H through the medium of the idle gear
wheel L which turns loosely on the stud g. Owing to the interposition of the idle
gear wheel between the wheels H and J, the gear wheels J and K revolved in
contrary directions. The said wheels have friction faces h and i, and on the
spindle B and between them, is a friction clutch M on a feather, which may be
brought in contact with either friction face, and so revolved in either direction,
motion in both cases being communicated to the spindle B.
The means for sliding the clutch on the spindle B to stop, or rotate the spindle
in either direction, consist of a roller j on as eccentric pin k projecting from
an arm l, and a hand lever extending from the hub of the arm.
The roller

page_text: and eccentric pin together with the groove in the clutch in which the roller
rests, are shown in dotted lines, and that in Fig. 1.
The clutch may also be operated by foot power through the medium of the
link m coupled to the arm 7, the bell crank, and the treadle o which is united
to the bell crank by the rod p.
N is a chuck resting loosely on the spindle B, the enlarged ends of which is
adapted to hold a bushing having a central hole of the same shape and size
as the nuts to be faced. The bushing is held in place by screws u
shows two views each of three bushings of different internal sizes.
Fig. 5
The portion of the mandrel D situated, between the thread and a collar b¹ is
made smaller than the diameter of the mandrel at the root of the thread, and
on it is placed an interiorly threaded washer which, after it has passed the
thread of the mandrel, becomes loose and falls of its own weight to the position
shown in Fig. 1.
The inner face of the washer w is made spherical and concave, and the adjoining
face of the collar b¹ has a similar form but it is convex, consequently, the washer
may be moved over the rounded face of the collar a limited distance and made
to assume a position slightly out of alignment with the axis of the spindle. By
this arrangement, a nut screwed against the washer will find a complete seat
whether its contact face is at a right angle with the axis, or deviates from it.
In other words, a nut whose face is not square with the axis will be seated
just as firmly against the washer as one in which the face is true with the thread.
On the cylindrical portion of the chuck N is a circular flange d' which is cut
away at one side so as to form a shoulder e¹, see Fig. 3, and under this flange is
placed a brake shoe having a face f¹ corresponding in curvature with the
flange.
Within the shoe and extending transversely of it, is a tooth g¹ which, as the
shoe is moved toward the flange, and the spindle rotated in the direction neces-
sary to unscrew a nut from the threaded mandrel D, will engage with the said
shoulder e and thereby prevent the turning of the chuck.
When the spindle is rotated in the opposite direction or that required to screw
a nut on to the threaded mandrel. the shoe merely acts as an ordinary brake
and offers but a limited resistance to the turning of the chuck.
The motion of the brake shoe towards and from the chuck is effected by a
brake lever P having a spring which serves to yieldingly retain the shoe
normally away, or detached from the periphery of the flange on the chuck. The
lever P is pivoted to the frame A at and is thereby adapted to be swung
horizontally and used to slide the chuck longitudinally of the spindle B, for a
purpose hereinafter described.
Beneath the chuck N are rails Q which preferably constitute parts of the
frame A, and on these rests a sliding carriage R.
S is a bracket erected on the carriage R. Its upper end is bored and serves
as a bearing for a spindle carrying the cylindrical head T to which are secured
the cutters which finish the ends of the nuts.
For each different sized nut, there are preferably two cutter heads, one for
the top, and the other for the bottom of the nut and the former has three
cutters, the first to square the face of the nut, the second to round the corners,
and the third to slightly chamfer the threaded hole where it adjoins the face.
The other head has only two cutters., one to face the bottom of the nut, and the
other to chamfer the extremity of the threaded hole.
The carriage with its bracket S is moved longitudinally on rails Q by means of
a shaft U having at one end an arm V connected to the bracket by a link W.
The shaft U is turned or partially rotated through the medium of a hand lever A¹.
To admit of adjustment of the carriage relatively to the chuck, the link Wis
connected to the head of the screw B₁ which passes through the bracket S and
has a locking nut at each side of the bracket.
The extreme forward movement of the carriage, effected by the hand lever and

page_text: its attachments as described, is limited by the arm V coming in contact with a
lug k, and the carriage is held yieldingly in its extreme backward position by
a weighted lever C', as shown in Fig. 1.
1 is a tray, see Fig. 1, seated on the carriage R in which the nuts to be faced
are placed; and E' an inclined chute into which the finished nuts fall as they
are discharged from the chuck, as hereinafter described.
A portion of the frame of the machine above the tool receptacle is used as a
reservoir for lubricating oil, from which the oil is drawn by means of a rotary
pump F, and discharged through a pipe G¹ to the nuts while in the chuck. The
surplus oil falls with the finished nuts to the chute E a part of which is perforated,
and returns thence to the reservoir, the nuts sliding down to the box 1.
Supposing the machine to be in operation with the mandrel revolving in the
proper direction to enter a nut brought in contact with it, and the tray D¹ supplied
with unfinished nuts, the operator first moves the brake lever P to the left so as
to throw out the bushing in the chuck beyond the end of the mandrel, and thereby
admit of the insertion of a nut within the said bushing, the chuck at the same
time being held from turning by pressing down the brake lever which applies
the brake shoe. The brake lever is then pushed to the right which brings the
end of the threaded mandrel in contact with the nut, and if the chuck is again
held from turning, or even checked in its rotation, the nut will be entered on
the thread of the mandrel. As soon as the nut is screwed up to the loose washer
which accommodates itself to the nut, as shown in Fig. 4 it will rotate positively
and in common with the mandrel. The nut is now in a condition to have its
outer surface or top faced.
The operator next moves the hand lever A' to the left which brings the cutters ¹
in contact with the nut, and the facing operation begins. The facing is con-
tinued until the arm V comes in contact with the lug when it is stopped, and
the facing operation, as far as the top of the nut is concerned, is complete.
The carriage R is then moved back to its original situation or that shown in
Fig. 1, and the position of the clutch reversed so as to revolve the spindle, and
its mandrel upon which the nut is tightly screwed, in the opposite direction.
The brake is then applied, and the tooth g' engaging with the projection or
shoulder e', further revolution of the chuck is prevented, and, as the mandrel
is still in motion, the nut is unscrewed from it and falls to the chute E¹ and rolls
down to the box I'.
The direction of the revolution of the spindle and its mandrel is then reversed,
and another nut is subjected to the facing operation described.
It will be understood that so far only one end of the nuts has been faced, and
that it is necessary if they are to be completely finished, that they should again
be put through the machine in a reversed position and the other end faced.
It has been stated that the chuck is held from turning while the nut is being
inserted in the bushing of the chuck, and this plan is generally observed, as
the chuck has only a slight tendency to turn and that owing merely to a slight
triction between it and the revolving spindle, but if desired, the clutch may be
temporarily placed in a central position when the spindle and chuck will remain
stationary.
It will be understood that very little pressure applied to the brake lever P will
give sufficient friction to the brake shoe to cause the nut to be screwed up to the
washer c, but, as in the facing operation, the nut is screwed tightly against the
washer, considerable force is required to release it or start it in the unscrewing
direction. It is for this reason that we employ the tooth g' in connection with the
projection or shoulder e which gives a positive hold of the chuck with the
application of little force to the brake lever.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is-
1. In a machine for facing the ends of nuts, the combination of a spindle

page_text: with means to revolve it in either direction, a chuck placed loosely on the said
spindle with devices whereby the same may be held stationary while the spindle
is in revolution, a mandrel in the spindle having a threaded end which projects
beyond the end of the spindle, a bushing situated within the chuck adapted to
hold nuts, and a head carrying facing cutters with mechanism whereby said
cutters may be brought into contact with the face of the nut held within the
chuck, substantially as specified.
2. In a machine for facing the ends of nuts, a spindle with means to revolve
the same in either direction, combined with a chuck situated on the said spindle,
adapted to turn loosely about the same and also to have a sliding movement,
longitudinally thereof, combined with a brake mechanism whereby the revolution
of the chuck may be prevented, and the longitudinal movement of the same
effected, substantially as specified.
3. In a machine for facing the ends of nuts, a spindle with means to revolve
it in either direction, combined with a loose chuck situated on the spindle
adapted to have a circumferential motion independently of the spindle and also
a longitudinal sliding movement along the spindle, and mechanism to retard or
stop the revolution of the chuck effected by friction between it and the revoluble
spindle, substantially as specified.
4. In a machine for facing the ends of nuts, a spindle with means to revolve
it in either direction, combined with a chuck which is loose on the spindle,
having a flange, a shoe adapted to fit over the said flange, and mechanism to
bring the said shoe into contact with the periphery of the said flange, and thereby
retard or stop the revolution of the chuck, substantially as specified.
5. In a machine for facing the ends of nuts, a spindle carrying a threaded
mandrel with means to revolve it in either direction, and a loose nut-holding
chuck adapted to receive nuts to be faced, having a flange which is notched
or provided with a shoulder, combined with a shoe adapted to be brought against
the circumference of the said flange, having a tooth arranged to engage with the
shoulder on the flange when the chuck is turned in one direction and thereby
prevent the revolution of the chuck, substantially as specified.
Dated this 21st day of June 1899.
JACOB STOLL DETRICK.
FRANCIS HOSKINS EASBY.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.