Improvements in Sanitary and other Pipes, and an Improved Method. of Constructing Sewers and Drains.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 12th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 1st Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sanitary and other Pipes, and an Improved Method.
of Constructing Sewers and Drains.
WILLIAM STERLING of 29 Mansfield Chambers, St. Ann's Square Manchester
in the County of Lancaster Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this.
invention to be as follows:-
I alter the spigot and socket jointed pipes as follows-I can either make the sockets
the same length as at present used, or preferably longer and partially larger and
partially smaller-I alter the present pipes in this respect. I thicken up the spigot.end
of the pipes to form a raised end or lug at a short distance from the end of the spigot..
Or I make the pipe of such a thickness that it will admit of a recess or groove
being formed round it so as practically to form a raised end with a recess where
the spigot leaves the socket and for a short space before. I make the socket. the
inverse of the spigot and the two together form a smaller socket than usual
for the thickened end of the spigot and an amplified or enlarged recess or socket.
easily accessible for completely sealing the smaller or pipe socket. The alteration
in the present socket may be described as diminishing slightly the pipe socket and
adding to the pipe socket an enlarged sealing socket.
I can seal the pipe socket also by casting or forming an additional flange or lug:
upon the thickened end to fit into the enlarged sealing socket.
I claim an enlarged sealing socket in conjunction with the pipe socket, and a
thickened spigot end. Or recessed or grooved spigot end to the pipe to obtain
an enlarged sealing socket. The pipes and sockets may be made of any size and
of any material. The materials may be of any of the usual materials for scaling
such as cement, clay, bitumen, putty, red lead solder, plaster of paris etc. etc. or
each or any in combination.
To further explain my invention I attach drawing.
Letter A shows the thickened spigot end to the pipe.
altered socket which is the inverse of the spigot. Letter C
Letter B shows the
shows the enlarged
sealing space produced on combination and the letter D the portion of the socket
which can be made as small as possible.
Letter E shows a section of the pipes in position. The joint lettered F. F.
shows the new parts which are added to the old. The joint lettered G showing
the new parts attached to the pipe.
Dated this 29th day of February 1892
WM. STERLING
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sanitary and other Pipes, and an Improved Method
of Constructing Sewers and Drains.
WILLIAM STERLING of 29 Mansfield Chambers St. Ann's Square Manchester
in the County of Lancaster Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
It is now the custom to use single socketted pipes. They are very imperfect in
a number of ways, amongst others, if the sockets are made large, a true line of
invert cannot be obtained. If they are made small, and just to easily fit the spigot
they cannot be properly sealed.
The object of my invention is to make a spigot and socket pipe so that

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part of the spigot in the socket shall fit as closely as possible to ensure a
true invert, and part of it shall form an enlarged space for effectually sealing
the joint.
I achieve these objects in two ways. Firstly by making two sockets to the
pipes with or without a thickened spigot, and secondly by an enlarged single
socket into which is placed a spigot with a thickened portion for part of the length
covered by the socket, and the remainder with a thinner portion of the spigot
forming an enlarged sealing space.
To further explain my invention I attach two sheets of sections, showing some
of the ways in which the pipes can be made.
Figures 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6 show double socketted pipes, the smaller one lettered A,
being less in diameter than now made, with the addition of a larger socket
lettered B.
Figures 1 and 5 show them in conjunction with a thickened spigot lettered C.
Figure 7 shows a thickened spigot lettered C in a single socket, securing a small
.scaling space lettered A and the larger scaling space, B.
i:
Figure 5 shows. a double socket.pipe with a thickened spigot with the addition of
a lug lettered D..
Figure 6 shows a double socketted pipe with the lug D on a spigot which is not
thickened.
:
I recess the spigot of the pipes with a double object-first for indicating whether
the pipe spigots are driven home and properly butt against each other, which is
easily seen by the position of the recess, and with the second object of securing a
recess or groove as a binder for the sealing material. The recess is shown in
Figures 2 and 4 lettered 1. The pipes can be made in any material, and be of
any size, thickness or cross section, and the sockets of any size or dimension to
suit the circumstance.
;
The sealing material may be any material usually used for the purpose.
In Figure 3 the letters : F. indicate the pipe scaled with "Stanford" material.
In Figure 4 the letter G indicates the joint scaled with cement, or clay, or
putty; plaster of paris, lead, or any in combination with the addition of gaskin, or
without it.
For the purpose of sealing with a liquid or molten material, the letter E in
Figure 2 indicates the position for a hole, or holes, through, which the material may
.bc.poured. I claim no special sealing material, nor method of sealing. All the
methods at present in use are. applicable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is
1. A double socketted spigot and socket pipe forming an enlarged sealing socket
in conjunction with a smaller one.
2. A thickened spigot end in conjunction with a double socketted pipe.
3. An enlarged single socket in conjunction with a thickened spigot end, where
it is thickened only for a portion of the length covered by the socket, the
remaining portion of the spigot being thinner and forming an enlarged sealing
space within the socket.
i
4. Any recessed, or grooved thickened spigot, formed with the object of getting
an enlarged sealing space in addition to the small sealing space between the
thickened spigot and the single socket.