Improved Apparatus for Cleaning and Removing Scale from Tubes.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 1st Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 19th Oct., 1888
2630
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Cleaning and Removing Scale from Tubes.
I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN of the firm of Herbert & Co. Patent Agents of
18 Buckingham Street Strand W.C. London in the County of Middlesex Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention a communication to me from
abroad by August Rast of Ottakring near Vienna in the Empire of Austria,
Manufacturer to be as follows :-
This invention consists in an improved apparatus or implement for removing scale
incrustation from pipes and tubes. The said implement chiefly comprises a shaft or
rod of convenient length adapted to be rotated by a crank handle or the like at one
end. The other end of said rod carries a block sliding thereon, said block having
pivoted in recesses thereof, plates terminating in gudgeons on which rotary cutters
files or the like are adapted to revolve. Upon the end of the aforesaid rod is a plate,
and the rod is adapted to be shifted within the block before mentioned so that said
plate bears upon and presses radially or outwardly the plates of the aforesaid
gudgeons. The latter are preferably inclined so that the cutters thereon revolve in
planes inclined somewhat spirally to the walls of the tube within which the implement
is inserted.
The said implement is operated by turning the crank handle, whereby the cutters
move forward spirally in the tube and cut all scale from the walls thereof.
Dated this 3rd day of December 1887.
HERBERT & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Cleaning and Removing Scale from Tubes.
1 HERBERT JOHN HADDAN of the firm of Herbert & Co., Patent Agents of
18 Buckingham Street Strand W.C. London in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention a communication to me from
abroad by August Rast of Ottakring near Vienna in the Empire of Austria
Manufacturer and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention consists in an improved apparatus or implement for removing scale
or incrustation from the interior of pipes and tubes. The said implement chiefly
comprises a shaft or rod of convenient length adapted to be rotated by a crank handle
or the like at one end. The other end of said rod carries a block sliding thereon, said
block having pivoted in recesses thereof plates or levers terminating in gudgeons on
which rotary cutters files or the like are adapted to revolve. Upon the end of the
aforesaid rod is a plate and the rod is adapted to be shifted within the block before
mentioned so that said plate bears upon and presses radially or outwardly the levers
of the aforesaid gudgeons.
The latter are preferably inclined so that the cutters thereon revolve in planes
inclined somewhat spirally to the walls of the tube within which the implement is
inserted.
As cutters preferably employ a plain revolving cutter in combination with
serrated revolving cutters. Owing to the inclined position of the cutters with relation
to the axis of the rotary head that carries them, the revolution of the head in one
direction will draw the implement into the tubes, and the reverse revolution of the
head will remove it therefrom so that it is unnecessary to press forward the implement
while rotating it and the workman has only to rotate the crank. As there is no great
sliding friction the cutters, rotating on their own axes, the force to be employed is
less and the wear of the cutters is also so small that it is possible to remove the scale
from a great number of tubes without grinding the cutters. In the annexed
drawings Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal section of the implement. Fig. 2 is partly
a cross section on the line of Fig. 1, partly a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a
side view of the head or socket carrying the cutters (the sleeve of the same being
removed). Fig. 4 represents on a larger scale one of the levers with its serrated
revolving cutter to show the inclination of the same towards the axis or general line
of the lever.
The head or body carrying the tools is indicated by the letter a. The same is
provided with several longitudinal slots as shown to receive the levers band with
transverse slots to receive the pins in the ends, of lever b, which serve as pivots for
said levers the levers and pins being retained in place by the sleeve d. The outer
ends of the arms end in gudgeons which carry the cutters. The gudgeons are
inclined towards the centre line of the levers (as shown in Fig. 4) so that the
cutters occupy an oblique position owing to which the revolution of the head in one

page_text: direction will draw the implement into the tubes and the reverse revolution of the
head will cause it to move in the reverse direction. Through the centre of the head a
passes a rod e which is threaded at its outer end and may be adjusted in position by
ineans of a nut c. On its fore end this rod c carries a disc c² provided with grooves or
recesses in which lie the inclined faces 62 of the levers b.
As may be seen the arms & may be diverged or distanced from each other by
adjusting the rod c by means of the nut c¹ so that the cutters act on a larger
circumference.
The head a is put in a sleeve d and both are connected thereto by a pin or
screw d. On the rear end of the sleeve d is a tube f on the outer end of which is
fixed the crank g to rotate the tube f' and the sleeve d and by means of the latter the
head a which bears the tools. In the annexed drawing are shown three tools ¹³ ³
of which are serrated revolving cutters with inclined teeth and ³ is a plain
revolving cutter.
Owing to the inclined position of the cutter teeth the apparatus is prevented from
sliding back as the oblique or inclined teeth engage on the scale. By the combined
arrangement of the plain revolving cutter and the serrated revolving cutters a
removing of the scale in small particles is effected. Notwithstanding a perfect
cleaning of the tube is effected, the tube itself will not be injured.
In order to prevent the teeth of the second serrated revolving cutter from entering
the grooves or tracks made by the first serrated revolving cutter the number of teeth
(or pitch) of both cutters may be unequal or the inclination of the teeth may be
retrograde. is the tube to be cleaned of the scale k. It is to be understood that
the number of cutters may be varied, also the teeth of the serrated revolving cutters
may be straight instead of inclined though the latter arrangement is to be preferred.
In order to centre the tube f of the apparatus the same may be supported by a
disc (of wood or other suitable material) placed in the end of the tube to be
cleaned.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
For removing scale and incrustation from boiler and other tubes.
1. A rotary system of rotary cutters whose several axes are inclined to the axis of
the system for the purpose set forth.
2. The combination of serrated rotary cutters with a plain rotary cutter rotating on
the inner surface of the tube and having inclined axes whereby they move in spiral
paths.
3. The combination with the head a of the levers b carrying revolving
cutters whose axes are inclined or oblique with regard to the axis of the head,
all constructed and arranged as and for the purpose set forth.
4. The combination of the head a the levers having faces 62 and carrying
revolving cutters h³ ³ ³ with the rod c, nut c¹ and disc c² substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
5. The combination of the head and levers pivoted in said head and carrying
revolving cutters h³ ³ with the sleeve d tube f crank g substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
Dah 91
I 1000