fronts and scaris.
Year: 1897

page_text: mрrоvешения ш гарег от пке fronts and scaris.
I, WILLIAM OLIVER CHISHOLM, of 76, Wilson Street, Glasgow, Warehouseman, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to paper fronts or dickies for shirts and to paper scarfs and
it has for its object to make such articles with a series of layers, folds, or thicknesses
each having a finished surface so that whenever the top layer becomes soiled or
destroyed it can be removed and a fresh layer exposed to view.
:
The invention can be carried out in various ways but the mode I prefer is to take the
requisite number of thicknesses or layers of paper cut to the desired shape and gum,
glue, or otherwise secure or attach them together at their edges and either wholly or
partially round the edges. A piece of cloth, canvas, cardboard, thick paper, or the
equivalent of these can be secured to the bottom layer so as to serve as a backing
piece.
Ornamental or other designs or patterns may be printed, (either plain or in colours),.
impressed or embossed on each layer.
Each layer may have a different design upon it if so desired.
Lines representing sewing, pleating, or the like may be formed on each layer.
To facilitate the removal of the layers their edges may be perforated or indented.
In the case of scarfs which are folded over or shaped the folded parts may be made
to open out so that the layers on them can be torn off. A catch, ring, or other well
known device can be used for holding the ends of the scarf when folded down..
Instead of using paper an equivalent material may be employed.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.
I, WILLIAM OLIVER CHISHOLM, of 76, Wilson Street, Glasgow, Warehouseman, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to paper fronts or dickies for shirts and to paper scarfs and
it has for its object to make such articles with a series of layers, folds, or thicknesses
each having a finished surface so that whenever the top layer becomes soiled or
destroyed it can be removed and a fresh layer exposed to view.
The invention can be carried out in various ways but the mode I prefer is to take
the requisite number of thicknesses or layers of paper cut to the desired shape and
Price 8d.1

page_text: gum, glue, or otherwise secure or attach them together at their edges and either
wholly or partially round the edges. A piece of cloth, canvas, cardboard, thick
paper, or the equivalent of these can be secured to the bottom layer so as to serve as
a backing or stiffening piece.
Ornamental or other designs or patterns may be printed (either plain or in colours),
impressed, or embossed on each layer.
Each layer may have a different design upon it if so desired.
Lines representing sewing, pleating, or the like may be formed on each layer.
To facilitate the removal of the layers their edges may be perforated or indented.
In the case of scarfs which are folded over or shaped the folded parts may be made
to open out so that the layers in them can be torn off. A catch, eyelet, ring, or
other well known device can be used for holding the ends of the scarf when folded
down.
Instead of using paper, cloth, cloth and paper, or an equivalent material may be
employed.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended, by way of example, two explanatory sheets of drawings, whereon,
Fig. 1 is a front view and Fig. 2 a section, on the line x-x Fig. 1, of a front.
Fig. 3 is a view of a scarf.
Fig. 4 is a back view of the scarf Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 shows in front view and Fig. 6 in section a wire backing-piece for a scarf
such as shown at Fig. 3.
Fig. 7 shows in section a papier maché or like backing-piece for a scarf such as
at Fig. 3.
Fig. 8 is a front view and Fig. 9 a back view of a bow or necktie.
Fig. 10 is a front view of the bow with the band m removed.
Fig. 11 is a front view of a scarf.
Fig. 12 is a view of the same with the pieces of the top fold or layer bent back.
Fig. 13 is a view of the same with the top layers j and j¹ removed.
Fig. 14 is a back view of the scarf with the pieces p¹, p², of the layers opened out.
Fig. 15 is a back view with the layers folded in place.
Referring to the drawings whereon the same reference letters wherever repeated
indicate the same or similar parts.
In the front shown by way of example at Figs. 1 and 2 a is the backing piece
which may be made of thick paper, cardboard or other suitable material and b, c, are
two layers of thin paper or cloth. Two layers are only shown for the purpose of
illustration but more may be used if so desired. As will be seen the top layer c is
printed with a different design from the bottom layer b. Each layer is, by preference,
cut.to the exact shape of the backing piece and is secured thereto by means of strips
of tape or cloth d, d', d². The strips d and d' are secured firmly to the backing
piece preferably by two lines of sewing e and e¹. The line of sewing e passes right
through the tapes and the layers of paper. The neck tape d² can be sewn by two
lines of sewing or by a single line as indicated at e³. The sewing at e³ passes right
through the cloth, the paper layers, and the backing piece. f, f, are stud holes. The
paper layers it will be noticed are folded down the centre at g so as to give the
appearance of an ordinary linen front. When the top layer c is soiled it can be torn
off in the manner indicated at h along the lines e, e, e³, so as to expose the layer b
immediately below.
i is an eyelet which is passed through the layers of paper and the backing piece
in order to prevent the layers of paper curling up at the bottom.
Instead of tearing off the layers at the lines of sewing e, e, e³, the layers may be
perforated along the edges just inside the sewing so that they may be torn off along
the perforations without interfering with the sewing in any way.
The tapes serve to stiffen and strengthen the front.
Instead of using layers of paper or cloth layers of paper backed with cloth or
strengthened with threads incorporated with it may be used.
Instead of attaching the layers to the backing piece in the manner described they

page_text: may be attached by bending them round the edges and securing them at the back
by sewing or by means of an adhesive. The layers may be secured according to any
other suitable and well known mode of attachment.
In the scarf shown at Figs. 3 and 4 the layers of paper, cloth, or other material,
j,j, 2, 3, are secured to the backing piece a, which is cut or made to the proper
shape, by bending them over the edges of the backing piece and attaching them
by means of sewing or an adhesive. The dotted lines at jo Fig. 3 indicate the top
layer as it appears when being torn off. To facilitate the tearing off the layers may
be perforated near the edges at the back. Of course the actual edge outside of the
perforations is only attached to the backing piece.
The layers are cut to the shape of the backing piece.
Fig. 4 indicates the neck band which may be attached
sewing to the backing-piece. k¹ is a strip which is attached to
eyelets ³, or sewing, for the reception of the end of the band.
catching the band."
by an eyelet k² or by
the backing piece by
is the usual pin for
In order to give the scarf a rounded shape the backing-piece may be made or
moulded to the shape shown in section at Fig. 7. When it is moulded it is preferably
made of papier maché. If desired the backing piece may be made of wire
gauze a or wire netting with a framework a² as shown in front view and section
at Figs. 5 and 6.
Ties and bows can be made as shown at Figs. 8, 9, and 10. In these figures a is
the backing piece and j, j¹, j, the layers of cloth, paper, or equivalent. The layers
can be secured to the back of the backing piece in the same manner as with the
scarf Figs. 3 and 4. m is a band which is also made in layers corresponding to the
layers. Each layer of the band m is secured at the back of the backing piece
by means of sewing or an adhesive. The layers are only secured at their ends and they
are perforated at a short distance from the ends for the purpose of being readily torn
off. The layers j, j,, are not made in one piece but in two sections one section
terminating at the dotted line marked o and the other at the dotted line marked o¹
(see Fig. 8) just below the side edges of the band m. Fig. 10 which shows the band
removed clearly illustrates the method of making the layers j in sections which
terminate at the lines o, o¹.
Of course with this arrangement when tearing off the soiled layers a layer must
first be torn off the band m then a corresponding layer off the left hand section and
then a corresponding layer off the right hand section.
In the form of scarf shown at Figs. 11 to 15 each layer is constituted by three
pieces p, p, p². The piece p is of the shape shown at Figs. 12, 14, and 15. It
extends from the back of the scarf, where it is secured by eyelets q, q', to the backing
piece a, and is then bent over to the front of the backing piece as shown at Fig. 14.
The piece p¹ is secured to the back of the backing piece by means of sewing or an
adhesive in the manner shown at Fig. 15 and folds down over the front of the backing-
piece and on top of the piece p as indicated in Figs. 12 & 14. The piece p² is secured
to the backing piece a in the same manner as the piece p¹ and it is folded over at the
front on top of the piece p¹ as indicated in dotted lines at Fig. 14 and as shown in
full lines in the other figures. r, 1, 72, (Fig. 15) are lines of perforations made on
the pieces p, p,p², for the purpose of tearing them off when soiled.
As shown at Fig. 15 the backing piece a is of a special shape. The pieces p¹, p²,
are secured at their lower ends to the backing piece by means of an eyelet 8.
Fig. 11 shows a tie complete with the exception of the neck band. The dotted
lines show the top layer j constituted by the pieces p, p¹, p², folded back ready to be
torn off so as to expose a second layer j¹ as shown at Fig. 12. Fig. 13 shows the tie
as it appears when the two top layers j and 11 are torn off so as to expose the third
layer 2. Fig. 14 shows the different layers very clearly. The pieces p are folded
down in place at the front of the backing piece whilst the pieces p¹, p², are folded
back.
When tearing off a layer the top strip p² is first torn off then the strip p¹ and lastly
the strinn

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
consider novel and desire to claim is:-
1
1. A scarf or necktie made with a number of removable layers which can readily
be torn off when soiled so as to expose the next unsoiled layer substantially as herein-
before set forth..
2. A front made with a number of removable layers which can readily be torn off
when soiled so as to expose the next unsoiled layer substantially as herein before
described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings annexed.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.