An Improved Plastic Composition for Preventing or Obstructing the Passage of Heat and Sound, applicable also for use in the Manufacture of Picture Frames, Cornices, Mouldings, and Ornaments for Ceilings, Walls, and the like, and for other purposes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Oct., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 14th Aug., 1893-Accepted, 16th Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Plastic Composition for Preventing or Obstructing
the Passage of Heat and Sound, applicable also for use in
the Manufacture of Picture Frames, Cornices, Mouldings, and
Ornaments for Ceilings, Walls, and the like, and for other
purposes.
I ALICE MAUDE VIGGERS Wife of Henry Richard Viggers of Brook House
Millbrook Road Southampton in the County of Hants. Accountant do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of the composition hereinafter described which is especially
designed for use in coating steam boilers steam pipes water pipes and other
structures articles and things for the purpose of preventing or obstructing the
passage or transmission or conduction of heat therefrom or thereto and for use in
preventing or obstructing the passage or transmission of sound the said composition
being also applicable for use in the building up of sculptor's models and in the
manufacture of picture frames and cornices mouldings and ornaments for ceilings
walls and the like and in other manufactures where a tenaceous coherent and
somewhat elastic composition is serviceable.
The ingredients or constituents of the said composition are clay and torn woollen
ends or other matters of nearly allied character which ingredients or constituents I
mix together with water preferably in the proportions and in the manner
hereinafter described. My invention is however not limited to any particular
proportions of the said ingredients or to any particular method of mixing them.
In preparing the said composition I take equal parts by bulk of any kind of clay
and water and thoroughly intermix them. I then take a quantity of torn woollen
ends equal in bulk to one half that of the mixture of clay and water and add the
torn woollen ends to the said mixture and manipulate the whole so as to produce
thorough interspersion of the said matters. The composition is then ready
for use.
In all cases where the ingredients hereinbefore named (clay and torn woollen
ends) are obtainable I prefer to use them but where it is difficult or impossible to
obtain them I substitute for them other matters of nearly allied character.
In applying the said composition to the surface of a boiler or pipe or other
surface I prefer to proceed as hereinafter described.
I clean the said surface or remove any matter loosely or slightly adhering
thereto and then apply to it a thin coating or layer of the composition and cause it
to adhere by pressure.
When this coating or layer has "set" I apply a further
coating or layer in a similar way and so on until the required thickness is obtained
each coating being allowed to set "before the next is applied. Where desirable
the last coating may be ornamented by beading or moulding the surface thereof or
by applying to it a suitable paint or enamel.
<<
Where the article to which the composition is applied is exposed to the action of
wet or a moist atmosphere I apply a coating of liquid cement over the last coating
of my composition. In this case if desirable the cement coating may be ornamented
by any suitable means.
Where I use my composition in the manufacture of picture frames models and
other articles I in some cases apply to the surface thereof a coating of plaster of
paris or other suitable matter.
Dated the 12th day of October 1892.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Plastic Composition for Preventing or Obstructing
the Passage of Heat and Sound, applicable also for use in
the Manufacture of Picture Frames, Cornices, Mouldings, and
Ornaments for Ceilings, Walls, and the like, and for other
purposes.
I ALICE MAUDE VIGGERS, Wife of Henry Richard Viggers of Brook House
Millbrook Road Southampton in the County of Hants. Accountant do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention consists of the composition hereinafter described which is especially
designed for use in coating steam boilers steam pipes water pipes and other
structures articles and things for the purpose of preventing or obstructing the
passage or transmission or conduction of heat therefrom or thereto and for use in
preventing or obstructing the passage or transmission of sound the said composition
being also applicable for use in the building up of sculptor's models and in the
manufacture of picture frames and cornices mouldings and ornaments for ceilings
walls and the like and in other manufactures where a tenaceous coherent and
somewhat elastic composition is serviceable.
The ingredients or constituents of the said composition are clay and torn woollen
ends or other matters of nearly allied character which ingredients or constituents I
mix together with water preferably in the proportions and in the manner hereinafter
described.
In preparing the said composition I take equal parts by bulk of clay and water
and thoroughly intermix them. I then take a quantity of torn woollen ends equal
in bulk to one half that of the mixture of clay and water and add the torn woollen
ends to the said mixture and manipulate the whole so as to produce thorough
interspersion of the said matters. The composition is then ready for use.
The kind of clay which I prefer is a blue plastic clay. Where this is not readily
obtainable I substitute for it a green or lighter clay but in all cases I select such
clay as is most free from sand or grit or foreign matter of any kind.
The "torn woollen ends" which I use are waste produced in the manufacture of
carpets woollen cloth and other woollen fabrics and are obtainable at cloth mills.
Where torn woollen ends are not readily obtainable I substitute for them either
silk waste or cotton waste or mill puff or any mixture of the said matters I
however in all cases use the torn woollen ends where it is practicable to obtain
them.
The proportions of the ingredients herein before stated are suitable in all cases
where the clay contains the average amount of moisture and the torn woollen ends
are fresh. Where the clay selected for use contains an appreciably less percentage
of water than is contained in average samples of freshly dug clay the quantity of
water to be added thereto must be proportionally increased and where the clay
contains an abnormally large percentage of water a proportionally less quantity of
water should be added to it I prefer to use the torn woollen ends in as fresh a state
as it is possible to obtain them. Where they are not fresh and have consequently
lost a portion of their moisture and the soft oily elasticity which they possess when
fresh a larger proportion of them should be used and a greater quantity of water
should be added to the clay but it is not necessary in any case to increase the
proportion of the ends beyond one third more than the proportion hereinbefore
stated. Where it is necessary to substitute silk waste or cotton or mill puff for the
torn woollen ends the said matters should be used in the proportions hereinbefore
stated for torn woollen ends. My invention is however not limited to any
particular proportions of the ingredients hereinbefore stated or to any particular
method of mixing them.

page_text: In applying the said composition to the surface of a boiler or pipe or other
surface I prefer to proceed as hereinafter described.
pressure.
I clean the said surface or remove any matter loosely or slightly adhering thereto
and then apply to it a coating or layer of the composition and cause it to adhere by
When this coating or layer has become dry I apply a further coating or
layer in a similar way and so on until the required thickness is obtained each
coating being allowed to dry before the next is applied. Where desirable the last
coating may be ornamented by beading or moulding the surface thereof or by
applying to it any ordinary kind of paint or enamel.
A thickness of from half an inch to one inch is suitable for each of the coatings
or layers of composition. Where the composition is to be used for the
of
purpose
preventing radiation of heat the required total thickness of the several coatings or
layers of the composition is dependent on the temperature within the structure
to which the composition is applied. For instance in the case of a steam boiler a
suitable thickness is two inches or slightly more according to the working pressure
of steam. For the purpose of deadening sound the thickness of the composition
necessary in any particular case must be ascertained by experiment.
In coating the surfaces of structures and articles which are exposed to rough
usage or much vibration I prefer to secure bands of wood or metal or other suitable
material or wire netting over the surface of the final coating or I place the
said bands or netting over the surface of one of the other coatings and then apply
the further coating or coatings over the said bands or netting.
Where the article to which the composition is applied is exposed to the action of
wet or a moist atmosphere I apply by means of a float or brush a coating of either
Portland cement or Roman cement in a liquid state over the last coating of my
composition. In this case if desirable the cement coating may be ornamented by
any suitable means.
In using the said composition in the manufacture of models, picture frames,
cornices, mouldings and ornaments for ceilings walls and the like and in other like
manufactures I mould the said composition to the required form either by hand or
by means of a pattern frame as usual in working with clay and the compositions
ordinarily used for the said manufactures. Where a very fine surface is required
I apply a coating of plaster of paris or other fine cement or of liquid animal glue
to articles manufactured from the said composition after the fashioning of them has
been completed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I claim
as my said invention of "An improved plastic composition for preventing or
obstructing the passage of heat and sound applicable also for use in the manufacture
of picture frames, cornices mouldings and ornaments for ceilings, walls and the like
and for other purposes."
First. A composition consisting of clay and torn woollen ends.
Secondly. A composition consisting of clay and any of the matters herein before
described as capable of use in substitution for torn woollen ends namely-silk-
waste, cotton-waste, mill-puff.
Thirdly. A composition consisting in part of torn woollen ends.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.