Improvements in Gas Making Apparatus.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 12 h Oct., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 12th July, 1894-Accepted, 18th Aug., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Making Apparatus.
JOHN WILLIAM HARTLEY, Kay Park Terrace Kilmarnock in the County of
Ayr Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In my improved gas generator which is of the usual vertical cylindrical form
having a firebrick lining I use a circular firegrate somewhat less in diameter than
the interior diameter of the lower portion of the firebrick lining. I support this
firegrate (which may be in any number of pieces) upon three or more rollers
which work in a suitable groove around its periphery. I carry the centre pins in
which the said rollers revolve in an outer frame the upper surface of which is about
level with the upper surface of the said firegrate. This outer frame forms a
concentric ring around the firegrate and is of sufficient diameter to prevent the
falling of the fuel into the ashpit below & is also sufficiently clear below the brick
lining of the generator to permit the ready removal of clinkers between the said
frame and lining. This outer frame is carried upon three or more rollers the
centre pins upon which these rollers revolve are supported by suitable brackets
from the casing of generator or in other convenient manner. I rotate the outer
frame around the firegrate by means of a rack & pinion. The shaft of the latter
passes thro' the casing to the outside of the generator & has a handle attached
wherewith the attendant can revolve the frame. I sometimes circulate water thro"
the grate or the outer frame or I may pass the steam previous to its being used in
the generator for superheating the steam & to prevent distortion of grate & frame
by excessive heat. In the said outer frame and upon opposite sides I have two
or more slots or spaces which act as guides for two vertical poker or clinker bars.
These bars are made to rise vertically on opposite sides of the generator & just
clear of the brick lining & when forced upwards thro' the incandescent fuel they
cut away the clinker which adheres to the lining at this point & which is now with
great difficulty removed only in a partial manner. The poker bars are now
lowered until clear of the fire in the generator the outer frame is rotated slightly
and the poker bars again driven upwards. The poker bars travel around guided
by the outer frame & thus the whole lower interior of the brick lining can be
cleared of clinker whilst the generator is at work. I carry the poker bars in a
crossbar which is vertically moved & guided by a sliding shaft which passes down
a central tubular guide fixed to bottom of generator and I operate the poker bars
by a lever upon the outside. I arrange eight holes or doors so that the state of
the fire can be seen & the firegrate cleared & loose ashes & clinker removed thro
the same aperture. I construct the ashpit in the form of a cone & with suitable.
hoppers. I protect the poker bar guide from falling ashes by a suitable guard
plate or plates whereby the ashes are deflected outwards into the bottom of the
ashpit. I test the level of the fuel in the generator by a vertical rod with inverted
cone attached at lower end. This rod passes thro' top of generator and is suspended
from a chain which passes over suitable pulleys having counterweight & indicator
at the outer end. The cone when lifted fits against a seating and makes a gas
tight joint against top of generator & when lowered the height of the counterweight
shews the level of the fuel in the generator with the smallest amount of trouble..
I construct a simple & effective gas washer as follows.
I suspend within a suitable casing two or more concentric vertical cylinders, the
lower ends of which are vandyked or grooved vertically around the whole circum-
ference. The water level is above the top of the grooves or slots. The gases
pass preferably downwards thro' the central cylinder & escape outwards thro' the

page_text: slots into the second annulus & thence into the third & so on until the outer casing
is reached when the gas is conveyed away. I fix a scraper wheel below the
cylinders with scrapers or brushes attached an outer chamber & a horizontal slot
in the casing (which slot is sealed by the water) enables the lower edges of the
cylinders to be cleared from deposit the wheel being operated from the outside
thro' the said slot. The deposit can be cleared away thro' the same slot & scrapers
may be attached to the wheel for this purpose. I construct my improved purifier
or filter as follows. In a suitable chamber or casing & passing from side to side
I arrange horizontally or inclined a number of superposed gratings; about half
way between these gratings I fix horizontal partitions which extend from side to
side of the casing and separate the gratings from each other. Each partition rises
vertically at one end to the upper level of the filtering medium placed upon the
gratings and the other ends extends vertically downwards to the bottom of the
grating beneath. The spaces below these gratings & above the said partitions are
connected to a suitable end chamber of pipe with branches and the spaces above
the gratings & below the partitions are connected similarly at the other end of the
casing. In the sides of the casing I have suitable doors thro' which I remove the
gratings & renew the filtering medium when required.
The gas may pass either way in or out.
In the one case the gas passes from the branch pipe or chamber into the spaces
below the gratings it then passes upwards thro' the grating & filtering medium &
thence into the branch pipe or end chamber at the opposite end of casing & so passes
away. The direction of the gas may be reversed so that it passes downwards thro'
the filters.
The filtering medium may be any known substance employed for the filtration or
cleansing of gas.
Dated this 11th day of October 1802
Improvements in Gas Making Apparatus.
JOHN WILLIAM HARTLEY, Kay Park Terrace, Kilmarnock, in the County of
Ayr, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
Figs. 1 to 10 in the accompanying drawings illustrate my improved apparatus.
My improved gas generator A is of the usual vertical cylindrical type having a
firebrick lining B. I use a circular firegrate C somewhat less in diameter than the
interior diameter of the lower portion of the firebrick lining B. 1 support this
firegrate C (which may be in any number of pieces) upon three or more rollers D. D.
which revolve in a suitable groove E around its periphery. I carry the centre pins E³
upon which the rollers D D revolve in an outer frame F the upper surface of which is
about level with the upper surface of the firegrate C. This outer frame F forms an
annulus or concentric ring around the firegrate C and is of sufficiently large diameter
to prevent the falling of the fuel into the ashpit J below. It is also sufficiently clear
below the brick lining B of the generator to permit the removal of clinkers between
frame F and lining B. This outer frame F is carried upon three or more rollers G.
The centre pins G upon which rollers G revolve are carried in brackets G³ from
the casing of the generator A2 or in other convenient manner. I rotate the frame F
around firegrate C by an annular toothed rack H cast upon or otherwise secured to
frame F in which the pinion H2 engages. The shaft F* upon which the pinion H²
is keyed carries upon its inner end a roller G and extends outwardly through
bracket G³ to outside the generator A ratchet wheel with pawl and handle H³

page_text: steam or
and H enables the attendent to revolve the frame F. In the outer frame F Fig. 2
I arrange two slots or spaces F3 which are also shewn on Fig. 1, these slots act
as guides for two vertical poker or clinker bars C2. The bars C³ rise vertically
when operated and pass upwards into the incandescent fuel in the generator as
indicated by dotted lines B2 and cut away the clinker which forms upon the brick
lining at B and which at present is with much trouble and difficulty removed. The-
bars C are now lowered to their normal position below the upper face of the grate C..
The frame F is now rotated slightly and the poker bars C are again driven
upwards to their full extent and the operation is repeated until the frame F has.
completed a half circle and thus the bars have cleared away from clinker the whole.
of the lower interior of the brick lining within reach of the poker bars C. This
can be accomplished whilst the generator is at work making gas. I secure the
poker bars C2 in a crossbar C³ which in turn is vertically moved and guided by a
sliding shaft C' working within a tubular guide C³ which is bolted to the generator
ashpit J. The crossbar C³ revolves upon C when the poker bars C² are travelling
around guided by frame F. The dotted lines B³ shew C³ when raised for clinkering..
I raise C2, C3 and C by a lever H2, the inner end is secured to C* and passes
through a vertical slot in C³. I carry the fulcrum of lever H2 upon swinging-
links H³ suspended from ashpit frame J. I operate lever H2 by hand or I may
connect thereto a steam cylinder, or I may attach directly to C a
hydraulic cylinder to reduce the labor of operating. I arrange sight holes with
mica panes
D² so that the interior of the generator can be seen and these may also.
be used for clearing away elinker and ashes from the firegrate C. I obtain access.
to the ashpit through the door D³. I construct the ashpit in form of a cone as
shewn Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The ashes fall into the hoppers J' and J and are
removed through the doors J³ and J. I protect the guide C from falling ashes by
a shield Ds which deflects the ashes into the ashpit. I may circulate water through
grooves or tubes in the frame F or the grate C for cooling purposes or I may pass.
steam therethrough for the same purpose. I ascertain the level of the fuel in the
generator by a vertical rod K Fig. 4. The rod is suspended from a wire rope or
chain K and passes downwards through the top of generator A. I secure upon the.
lower extremity of K a weight L which is coned to fit a seating M² fixed to top of
generator. The chain or rope K* passes over pulleys L2 and carries a counter-
poise K³ with indicator arm attached. When K3 is raised L falls until in contact
with the fuel in generator, see dotted lines K³. The position of K³ upon the
indicator board M at once shews the level of the fuel without inconvenience to the
attendant. The cone upon L makes a gas tight joint against seating M² when
returned to its normal position. Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate my improved gas washer
or dust box. I suspend within a suitable casing N concentric cylinders O. O the
lower extremities of which O' are vandyked or slotted around the whole circum-
ference. The water level P is above the upper ends of the slots O2 and is regulated
by the length of the overflow pipe No. The gas passes through opening L
downwards through cylinder P' in direction of arrows through the inner water seal
into annulus P2 and thence into annulus P³ to the outer casing N and outwards
N8
pin on
through opening Q. A scraper wheel P* revolves on a central
the upper
side are scrapers P. When the wheel P is rotated the scrapers P remove deposit
from cylinders O. O. and this falls into the bottom and is removed by scraper Pe.
attached to wheel P upon the underside. The deposit is cleared away from the
outer chamber N2, into which it is delivered by scraper P through the opening N³..
The wheel P is operated by the attendant through the opening N³ which extends
from No to N' in Fig. 6. I admit water at N whence it flows away at No.
Figs. 7, 8, 9 and 10 illustrate my improved gas purifier or filter. In a chamber
or casing RI arrange horizontally or inclined a number of superposed gratings S.
These extend from side to side and upon them I place the filtering or purifying
medium U. Between and beneath these gratings S1 arranged partitions T which
extend from side to side of casing R and separate the gratings S from each other..
Partitions T rise vertically at one end above the filtering medium U to R and at

page_text: the opposite end extend downwards to the grating S beneath. I connect the spaces V
above the filtering medium U by means of openings S' with a chamber V. Gas is
led into V through the inlet R2 and thus the incoming gas has access to the
spaces V. The gases pass downwards through filtering medium U in direction of
arrows into spaces W. These spaces are all in communication through openings S³
with chamber W' and the gas passes through W' and is led away by the outlet
pipe R³.
In the casing R I have doors X through which I remove and renew the filtering
medium U or the gratings S. Small auxiliary doors Y permit of the examination
of the filtering medium when desired or permit of the surface of U being levelled
when the doors X have been replaced. The filtering medium U may be any known
substance employed in the filtration or cleansing of gas.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a gas generator or furnace an apparatus for breaking away clinker from the
lining substantially as set forth in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.
2. In a gas generator or furnace the combination of one or more poker bars
operated vertically and guided horizontally beneath so as to follow the inner
contour of the generator whereby the interior surface can be cleared from clinker
substantially as set forth.
3. In a gas generator or furnace a fuel level indicator substantially as described
and illustrated in Fig. 4.
4. In a gas washer or dust box, concentric cylinders in combination with
opening N³ and outer chamber N³ substantially as described and for the purpose set
forth.
5. In a gas washer or dust box concentric cylinders, in combination with scraper
wheel, opening, and outside chamber N° substantially as described and illustrated.
6. A complete gas washer as described and illustrated for the purposes set forth.
7. In a gas cleanser or purifier, superposed horizontal gratings carrying filtering
material and separated horizontally by partitions. The spaces above or below the
gratings communicating with a common inlet and the spaces on reverse sides of
gratings communicating with a common outlet substantially as described.
8. A gas cleanser or purifier substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated the 11th dow of 1.1 1904
J. W. HARTLEY.