IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS LIGHTING APPARATUS
Year: 1884

page_text: I HENRY DEFTY of No 4 Casella Road, New Cross, in the County of Kent,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN GAS LIGHTING APPARATUS" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of improvements in a former Invention for which Letters
Patent bearing date the twenty-second day of November in the year 1881. and
numbered 5091 have been granted to me. In the Specification of my said former
invention I described certain forms of apparatus for lighting purposes wherein the
illuminating gas was heated in the passage to the burner.
In my present Invention I combine the central heating tube with ordinary nib
burners or with a simple form of argand burner and in some cases with lamp or
globe tops or covers for regulating the flow of air and for warming the same.
I convey the gas through a small tube to the upper end of an outer tube which
extends considerably above the flame or flames as seen at a in Fig. 1 of the
accompanying drawings and is heated thereby. The burners are arranged in a
cluster around the tube or in the case of two burners one is fixed on each side.
I may provide the upper end of the heating tube with a bulb or heating chamber.
In some cases the burners are arranged diagonally so that the flames over-lap as
indicated in Fig. 2. In the case of the argand burner the heating tube carries a
regulator seen at b in Fig. 3. which restricts the area of the passage through the
chimney so as to regulate the flame. This regulator may be made adjustable so
that the area may be varied. The inlet of air at the bottom is also regulated by .
causing the air to pass through gauze or through perforations or openings fitted
with adjustable covers. The lamp or globe covers represented by d Fig. 4. are of
a conical or partly of a conical formation and have double casings, the air to
support combustion bring admitted downward through the space between the two
casings as indicated by the arrows. For out-door lamps I prefer to apply a third
casing indicated by e in Fig. 1. which casing directs the air upward to the inlet
n

page_text: openings of the downward passage. The heated air issues through shielded
openings at f. The heating tube may or may not be extended into the heated
air tube or passage. In overhead lights having many burners I make the heater of
a grid form having annular and radial passages for the gas as indicated by Fig. 5.
The burners are fixed in downward projecting branches. The grid may be made
in two parts brazed or otherwise secured together the passages being formed in
one of the parts. The gas tube may be provided with supplimentary heating
chambers g. g. and the light may have a double or jacketed shield h. for heating a
down current of air or for promoting ventilation according to circumstances.
Dated this 29th day of December 1884.

page_text: Improvements in Gas Lighting Apparatus.
I HENRY DEFTY of 4 Casella Rd. London S.E. in the County of Surrey
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS LIGHTING APPARATUS" and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
:-
My invention consists of improvements in a former invention for which letters
Patent bearing date the twenty second day of November in the year 1881 and'
numbered 5091 have been granted to me in the specification of my said former.
invention I described certain forms of apparatus for lighting purposes wherein the
illuminating gas was heated in the passage to the burner.
In my present invention I combine the central heating tube with ordinary nib
burners or with a.simple form of argand burner and in some cases with lamp or
globes I use, Glass, opal, or metal for the tops or covers for heating and regulating
the flow of air to burners and in heating the same I convey the gas up or down
thro a small inverted tube to the upper end of an outer tube which extends
considerably above the ring or nibs to effect the heating of gas by flame or flames
as seen at A in fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings. The burners are arranged in
order or extended in various forms connected around the superheating tube or in
the case of two burners one is fixed on each side. I may provide the upper end of
the heating tube with a bulb for extra heating chamber. In some cases the
burners are arranged diagonally, circular, square, or, otherwise so that the flames
concentrate and overlap as indicated in fig. 2. In the case of the Argand burner
fig. 3. is fixed a similar surperheating arrangement the heating tube acts as a
regulator which restricts the area of the passage thro the chimney so as to regulate
the flame This regulator may be made adjustable so that the area may be varied.
The inlet of air at the bottom is also regulated by causing the air to pass thro the
gauze C or thro perforations or openings fitted with adjustable covers, The lamp
or Globe covers represented by d. in fig. 4. and are of a conical or partly of a
conical formation and have double casings d. d, the air to support combustion
being admitted downward thro the space between the two casings as indicated by
the arrows, and for outdoor lamps I prefer to apply a third casing indicated by
fig. 1 which casing directs the air upward to the inlet openings of the downward
passage. The heated air issues thro shielded openings. The heated tube may or
may not be extended into the heated air tube or passage. In over head lights
having from one or many rings or bars of burners attached to the heater, of a grid
form having annular and radial passages for the gas as indicated by fig. 5. The
burners are fixed in downward projecting branches, the grid may be made in one
or many parts brazed cast or otherwise secured together, the passages being formed
in one of the parts, the gas tube may be provided with supplementary Globes or
spaces, for heating chambers g. g. the light may have a double or jacketed shield
H. H. for heating a down current of air or for promoting ventilation according to
circumstances, and the fumes conducted by means of tubes as required.
}

page_text: Fig. 1 shews one mode of Lamp which can be modified in form, and is furnished
with three casings the air passing up the C. shell then returning down between the
escape chamber and the second shell into Lamp which is fitted with a superheating
arrangement of Burner shewn by section A. A. the gas ascending up the inverted
tube then returns highly heated to the nibs by this method of graduating and
heating the air and gas, effects a steady equilliberium at the point of collide with
air and gas to give greatest illumination, f is the fume escape.
Fig. 2. shews a stock H of numerous Burners each nib being fixed in angular
order, to form one or more Lines of flame, which can be attached on to the
vertical superheater.
Fig. 3 shews mode of superheating the gas, fixed on ordinary Argand burner B
at the same time regulating the supply of air thro mesh C.
Fig. 4. shews the special application of superheating of gas and air combined on
the ordinary chandlier or other globes. d shews the Duplex Glass, opal or other
casing fitted in the top of the globe whereby all air that has to pass down, being
regulated and heated between the chamber shells, at the same time the gas being
highly heated perfects a steady and high illumination.
Fig. 5 shews a succession of rings in which a numerous quantity of nibs may
be fixed.
Fig. 6. shews the suspended burner with gas super heaters g. g. H shews the
jacket casing where the air passes between to be heated before acting on the grid
of Burners.
Having thus described the nature of my said invention and the manner in which
it may be carried into practical effect, I wish to be understood that I do not confine
myself to the exact details of construction as herein named reserving the right to
modify for the general utility of same for the purposes herein before mentioned and
as shewn in figures 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. of the accompanying drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. The varied forms of adopting ornamental or other shades fixed to form
lamps or ordinary brackets on chandlier globes by means of adjusting the sufficint
quantity of super heated air for combustion, by the protection in a third casing.
Second. This inverted mode of diffusing the heated molecules to any class of
burners so as to effect a general quality and temperature of gas & air for high
illumination.
Dated this 30th day of September 1885