Improvements in and relating to Auger Bits.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application. 14th Aug., 1893-Accepted, 7th Apr., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Auger Bits.
I, ABE. LINCOLN ADAMS, a citizen of the United States of America, residing
at Golden Hill Hotel, in the City of Bridgeport, County of Fairfield and State of
Connecticut, one of the United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in auger bits, but
especially refers to that class of such devices in which the end of the bit is
encompassed by a circular cutting edge.
The object of my invention is to so construct such bit that the grinding thereof
may be greatly facilitated, while at the same time the breaking of the cutter or the
encompassing cutting edge does not necessarily render the device useless and beyond
repair.
Prior to my invention, devices of this description have always been made with
the cutting edges of the bit and the encompassing circular cutting part integral, and
it has been impossible to grind the bit properly, the only method of sharpening
such bit being to scrape the cutting edges of the same. Also, should the
encompassing cutting part become nicked or otherwise broken, the bit is thereby
ruined, because it is beyond repair, owing to the fact that such part and the cutting
edges of the bit proper are one forging.
In my improvement, the cutter, the circular scoring ring and the bit head are
detachably secured together, and the advantages of the construction will be obvious
from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,
forming part of this Specification, in which-
Figure 1 is a perspective of my improved auger; Figure 2, a longitudinal section
thereof;
Figure 3, perspectives showing several styles of cutting blades ;
Figure 4, elevations of several kinds of shanks;
Figure 5, a section at line of Figure 2;
Figure 6, a perspective showing my improved auxiliary cutter secured outside
the head of the auger,
Figure 7, an elevation of the construction shown in Figure 6, and
Figure 8 a detail elevation of the auxiliary cutter.
Similar letters denote like parts in the several figures of the drawing.
Prior to my invention, in auger bits of this description, it has been impossible to
grind the cutter knives, and the latter could only be sharpened, and imperfectly at
that, by means of a thin flat stone introduced within the chip opening, and moreover,
when such cutters were nicked or broken or worn down to a certain point, the entire
head of the bit became useless and had to be discarded. Since the head proper of
the bit is indestructible, the provision of removable cutter knives affords not only a
great saving of expense, in that they can be removed and ground, and can be
adjusted from time to time to compensate for wear, but also a great advantage,
owing to the fact that knives of different contours may be substituted in the same
head for the purpose of cutting out ornamental designs, or for forming any desired
shape to the bottom of a mortise.
It very frequently becomes desirable to use the bit on a turning lathe, or to

page_text: provide means for leading or drawing the chips from the cutting knives, and for
these reasons I make the shank detachable from the head of the bit, so that in such
instances but a single head is necessary.
Bearing the above-recited advantages in mind, the following description of my
invention will be readily understood.
I is the head of the bit, recessed at 2 to accommodate the cutter knife and for
the purpose of leading out the chips.
The rear of the head has a screw-threaded socket, 3, within which the threaded
end 4 of the shank 5 is driven, whereby such head and shank are secured
together.
Referring to Figure 4, the shank 5 is the same as that shown in Figure 2, and is
for use in a lathe, the shank 6 has a squared end 7, and is for use in an ordinary bit
stock, while the shank 8 has also the squared end 7, but is spirally twisted in order
to afford means for more readily drawing the chips from the head to prevent
clogging. 9 is the scoring ring having a chisel edge 10 and secured around the
head by screws 11, 12, or otherwise, in such manner that said edge extends beyond
the plane of the head. 13 is the cutter knife which is inserted in the head through
the recess 2, and is held securely in position by a pin 14, which slides and is guided
within the head in front of the screw 11, and is driven by the latter firmly against
said knife.
In Figure 2 I have shown the back of the knife confined by the head of a
screw 15, which latter is driven within the head, and while this would prevent any
back-thrust of the knife, I consider that the use of this screw is precautionary
rather than essential, since constant use of my improvement has demonstrated that
the screw 11 and pin 14 will hold the knife securely.
To remove the knife, the screw 11 is backed, thereby relaxing the pin 14.
Referring to Figure 3, the knife 1 is like the knife shown in Figure 1, while the
knives 16, 17, have different contours to their cutting edges in order to form
corresponding contours in cutting out ornamental roses or mortises.
Referring to Figures 6 and 7, 18 is a cutter box secured to the outside of the
ring 9 by screws 19, 20, and 21 is a cutter knife fastened to said box by a
screw 22, the latter passing through an elongated slot 23 in the knife for the
purpose of affording adjustment of the same. This cutter 21 extends close to the
ring, and is an auxiliary device, whereby the cutting area of the bit is increased.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what
claim is :-
1. The combination with the recessed head and the scoring ring around the same,
of the cutter knife detachably secured to said head within said recessed part,
substantially as set forth.
2. The combination of the head having a recess for the leading away of the chips,
the scoring ring secured around said head, the removable cutter knife within.said
recess, the pin adapted to slide and to be guided within the head, and the screw
driven into Faid head against the pin whereby the latter is forced firmly against the
knife, substantially as shown and described.
3. In an auger bit comprising a head and a scoring ring there-around, which head
is recessed for the purpose of leading away the chips, a cutter knife detachably
secured within such recessed part of the head and capable of adjustment therein,
substantially as shown and set forth.
4. In an auger bit of the character described, the combination of the head
having a threaded socket at its rear, in combination with the bit shank haring its
inner end adapted to said socket and correspondingly threaded, substantially as set
forth.
5. The combination of the head, the scoring ring secured around said head, the
cutter knife within the head, and the auxiliary cutter knife secured to the outside
of said ring in close proximity to the edge thereof, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 6. The combination of the head, the cutter carried thereby, and the scoring ring
detachably secured around said head, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 14th day of August 1893.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.