Improvements in the Manufacture of Sugar and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 8th June, 1889-Accepted, 20th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Sugar and in Apparatus
therefor.
I GUSTAVE ADANT of 17 Rue Manchester, Molenbeck-St. Jean, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for the manufacture of sugar in flat cakes, slabs
or blocks, the apparatus comprising two parts, one removeable and the other fixed.
The removeable part consists of the filtering basket which also serves as the mould
for the flat blocks of sugar without requiring the use of any form whatever. It is
placed on the fixed part and the whole is firmly and tightly fixed together., Refining
is effected by pressure in the apparatus, the pressure being produced only on the
inner edge of the blocks of sugar thereby driving the colored matter outwards
without requiring centrifugal force. The basket can be removed with its contents
after each operation.
The basket is divided into a number of equal compartments by hollow wedge-
shaped blocks. Some of these blocks are fixed to the lower part or base of the
basket and the remainder to the upper part hereinafter described.
The said compartments are divided into a number of parts by plates which parts
form the moulds for the blocks or slabs. The basket is first placed in an annular
filling vessel a small space being left between the periphery and bottom of the said
vessel and of the basket. When the basket has been placed in position the mass is
poured through an annular space communicating with the block forming chambers.
After the required cooling, that is to say, about eight or ten hours after the filling,
the basket is withdrawn from the filling mould and is carried away and lowered
over the drum forming the other part of the refining apparatus. The basket fits
conically over the drum at the lower part and the upper part is closed by a flanged
cover secured by bolts so as to fix the basket, a joint being thus made between a
flange on the drum and the flange on the top of the basket.
A small hermetically closed space is left between the outer side of the drum and
the inner edges of the blocks or slabs of sugar. When the basket is fixed, which it
can be in two or three minutes, the apparatus is put in operation in order to drive
out the green syrup. This operation being ended a cock is opened without stopping
the apparatus the said cock communicating with a vessel of suitable height. The
cock allows the cleare or refining-liquor to pass through a number of tubes or hollow
arms in the drum communicating with the annular space into which it is forced and
traverses the blocks or slabs in a few minutes. A measuring vessel is placed between
the cleare vessel and the apparatus so that only just sufficient cleare shall be taken
to properly refine the sugar. As soon as the vessel is empty the cock is closed and
disconnected by means of a screw union so as to allow air to enter.
Four
The apparatus is allowed to remain in motion during about twenty minutes to
drive off the remaining cleare and is then stopped. The basket is unfastened,
removed from its seat, and replaced by another. It is then carried to the drying
stove or claying house where it is taken to pieces in the following manner.
eye bolts are unscrewed from one set of the wedge-shaped blocks and the raising
tackle is attached to the screws of the other set of wedge-shaped blocks and the
upper plate and the last named blocks are removed. In this manner all the blocks
are unfastened at once and it only remains to strip off the slabs or blocks, to remove
them and place them on the drying apparatus placed at the side. This apparatus is
an ordinary drying stove in which air is caused to quickly pass between the slabs or
blocks which will be found to be dry in about six hours.
By this invention great saving of time will be effected and more than double the

page_text: amount of sugar can be operated on than can be treated by apparatus of similar size
as at present constructed.
No other existing system requires such a small quantity of cleare in order to
refine or whiten the sugar by reason of the refining under a uniform pressure
distributed over the annular space. The product I obtain is superior as no breakages
occur when clearing the moulds as is the case with other systems. The sugars
produced are never yellow and the edges or angles are clean and the slabs or blocks
quite rectangular.
Dated the 10th day of September 1888.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Sugar and in Apparatus
therefor.
I, GUSTAVE ADANT of 17 Rue Manchester, Molenbeck-St. Jean in the Kingdom
of Belgium, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
-
This invention relates to apparatus for the manufacture of sugar in flat cakes,
slabs or blocks, the apparatus comprising two parts, one removable and the other
fixed. The removable part consists of the filtering basket which also serves as the
mould for the flat blocks of sugar without requiring the use of any form whatever.
It is placed on the fixed part or drum and the whole is firmly and tightly fixed
together.
Refining is effected by pressure in the apparatus, the pressure being produced
only on the inner edge of the blocks of sugar thereby driving the colored matter
outwards without requiring contrifugal force. The basket can be removed with its
contents after each operation.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
the same by reference to the accompanying drawings in which.
Figure 1 is a plan of the filtering basket and annular filling vessel.
Figure 2 shews an elevation and cross section of one of the plugs hereinafter
described of the filling vessel.
Figure 3 is a vertical section of figure 1.
Figure 4 is a vertical section of the filtering basket shewing it in position for
being lowered onto the drum.
Figure 5 is a vertical section of the apparatus for manufacturing the slabs or
blocks of sugar, the filtering basket not being shewn.
Figure 6 is a plan of the drum.
Figure 7 is a vertical section of part of the apparatus represented in figure 5
shewing the drum having the basket mounted thereon.
Figure 8 is a sectional plan of figure 7.
The basket is divided into a number of equal compartments by hollow wedge
shaped blocks C. D. The blocks Care fixed to the lower part or base of the basket
and the blocks' D to the upper part hereinafter described.
The said compartments are divided into a number of parts by plates R, which
parts form 'the moulds for the blocks or slabs of sugar. The basket is first placed in
an annular filling vessel (figures 1 and 3), a small space being left between the
periphery and bottom of the said vessel and of the basket. When the basket chas
been placed in position' the mass is poured through funnels A into an annular space
communicating with the block forming chambers B.
•
Plugs Gare provided for closing the spaces B and the filling vessel has at its
lower part a discharge opening 0.
After the required cooling, that is to say, about 8 to 10-hours after the filling, the
basket is withdrawn from the filling vessel and is carried away and lowered over a

page_text: drum L (figuros 5 6 7 and 8) forming the other part of the refining apparatus. The
basket fits conically over the drum L at the lower part E and the upper part is closed
by a flanged cover H secured by bolts so as to fix the basket, a joint being thus
made between a flange on the drum L and a flange N on the top of the basket.
A small space I hermetically closed by the cover H is left between the outer side
of the drum L and the inner edges of the blocks or slabs of sugar.
When the
basket is fixed, which it can be in two or three minutes, the apparatus is put in
operation in order to drive out the green syrup. This operation which occupies
about 15 minutes being ended, a cock P is opened without stopping the apparatus
the said cock communicating with a vessel of suitable height. The cock allows the
cleare or refining liquor to pass through a number of tubes or hollow arms M in the
drum L communicating with the annular space I into which the cleare is forced
and traverses the blocks or slabs in a few minutes. A measuring vessel is placed
between the cleare vessel and the apparatus so that only just sufficient cleare shall
be taken to properly refine the sugar, viz. about litre per kilogramme of sugar. As
soon as the measuring vessel is empty the cock is closed and disconnected by means
of a screw union K so as to allow air to enter.
The apparatus is allowed to remain in motion during about 20 minutes to drive
off the remaining cleare and is then stopped.
The basket is unfastened, removed from its seat and replaced by another. It is
then carried to the drying stove or claying house where it is taken to pieces in the
following manner. Four eye bolts are unscrewed from one set of the wedge shaped
blocks and the raising tackle is attached to the screws of the other set of wedge
shaped blocks D and the upper plate and the last named blocks are removed. In
this manner all the blocks are unfastened at once and it only remains to strip off the
slabs or blocks, to remove them and place them on the drying apparatus placed at
the side. This apparatus is an ordinary drying stove in which air is caused to
quickly pass between the slabs or blocks which will be found to be dry in about
six hours.
By this invention great saving of time will be effected and more than double the
amount of sugar can be operated on than can be treated by apparatus of similar size
as at present constructed.
No other existing system requires such a small quantity of cleare in order to
refine or whiten the sugar by reason of the refining under a uniform pressure
distributed over the annular space I. The product I obtain is superior as no
breakages occur when clearing the moulds as is the case with other systems. The
sugars produced are never yellow and the edges or angles are clean and the slabs
or blocks quite rectangular.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
(1) An improved apparatus for the manufacture of sugar comprising two parts,
one removable and the other fixed, the removable part consisting of the filtering
basket, serving also as the mould for the flat blocks of sugar which is placed on the
fixed part, the whole being then firmly and tightly fixed together substantially as
hereinbefore described.
(2) The removable basket forming the mould for the flat blocks of sugar without
requiring the use of any form whatever substantially as hereinbefore described.
(3) The method of refining by pressure in the apparatus, the pressure being
produced only on the inner edge of the blocks of sugar thereby driving the
colored matter outwards without requiring centrifugal force substantially as herein-
before described.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.