re Frames.
Year: 1896

page_text: re Frames.
I, ERNEST HOLLINGS, of 57 High Lane, Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide, for use in casting frames for cycles,
moulds and cores which will allow of the contraction of the frames after being
cast, thus obviating any liability to fracture which might be caused by strains
set up by the tendency of the metal to contract; and which will also allow of
expansion.
For this purpose First. I form the walls of the mould, at one or more points,
of paper rendered uninflammable such paper being secured to the other parts of the
mould by rigid or movable joints as found convenient. By this means the mould is
free to contract or expand thus preventing any strains being set up in the frame
being cast by contraction of the metal.
Second. I form cores, for casting cycle frames, of paper rendered uninflammable,
and provided with telescopic or sliding joints so arranged that such cores can
contract or expand either longitudinally or circumferentially or both. I temporarily
secure the said joints and also joints at angles of such cores, before casting, by
strips of paper affixed by adhesive matter. By the above means the cores are free
to contract or expand with the metal cast around them and no injurious strains are
set up in such metal by the said cores.
Dated this Fourth do of T.1 1900
W. B. JOHNSON,
Agent.
I, ERNEST HOLLINGS of 57 High Lane Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide, for use in casting frames for cycles,
moulds and cores which will allow of the contraction of the frames after being
cast, thus obviating any liability to fracture which might be caused by strains
set up by the tendency of the metal to contract; and which will also allow of
expansion.
For this purpose First I form the walls of the mould, at one or more points,
of paper rendered uninflammable such paper being secured to the other parts of the
mould by rigid or movable joints as found convenient. By this means the mould is
free to contract or expand thus preventing any strains being set up in the frame
being cast by contraction of the metal.

page_text: Second, I form cores for casting cycle frames, of paper rendered uninflammable
and provided with telescopic or sliding joints so arranged that such cores can
contract or expand either longitudinally or circumferentially or both. I temporarily
secure the said joints and also joints at angles of such cores, before casting, by strips
of paper affixed by adhesive matter. By the above means the cores are free to
contract or expand with the metal cast around them, and no injurious strains are set
up in such metal by the said cores.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a plan of a mould constructed according to my invention and Fig. 2 is
a section to an enlarged scale of part of the walls of the mould.
The mould is formed in several pieces a connected together by tubes of paper a¹
rendered uninflammable, and which form a continuation of the mould from one
piece a to the next piece. The tubes a' fit into recesses in the ends of the
pieces a and are free to slide therein so that when the casting has set and begins
to contract the pieces a are free to approach each other the tubes a' preventing
any of the molten metal escaping at the junctions. The pieces a of the mould are
of any usual or convenient construction. c is a plate for carrying the mould, and
provided with a guide or support d for keeping the various pieces of the mould in
proper position before the metal is poured into such mould.
Fig. 3 is a section of part of a mould showing a modification of joint between the
pieces a. In this case the tubes a¹ do not slide in the pieces a but are formed of
paper that will offer little or no resistance to the contraction of the casting which
tends to pull the pieces a together.
e are
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a core constructed under my invention.
tubular forms of paper rendered uninflammable and provided with circumferential
joints f. Telescopic joints are provided as at g. The cores are thus, by means of
the joints and g, free to contract, both circumferentially and longitudinally,
with the metal cast around them and in this manner strains in the casting which
are set up by resistance to contraction are avoided. hare strips of paper affixed
by adhesive matter for temporarily securing the joints before casting. When the
metal is poured round the cores the strips of paper h give way and the core is then
free to contract. The tubular forms e are made sufficiently stiff to prevent collapse
by pressure of the molten metal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
First. Moulds formed of several pieces movably connected together by tubes of
paper to allow of contraction substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Second. Moulds formed of several pieces connected together by tubes of paper
capable of giving way to allow of contraction, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
Third. Cores formed of paper and provided with circumferential and longitudinal
joints to allow of contraction substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this Fifth day of April 1897.
W. B. JOHNSON,
4 Clayton Square, Liverpool, Agent.