IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCK WASHERS FOR SCREWED BOLTS AND NUTS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Thomson King, of Oxton, in the County
of Chester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCK WASHERS FOR
SCREWED BOLTS AND NUTS."
Sealed the 9th June 1876, and dated the 20th December 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Thomson King
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 20th December 1875.
I, JOHN THOMSON KING, of Oxton, in the County of Chester, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOCK WASHERS FOR SCREWED BOLTS AND NUTS," to be as follows :-
The object of my Invention is to provide lock washers which shall
allow bolts and nuts to be easily screwed up or tightened to any required
extent, shall automatically lock and keep locked the bolt and nut, or
either of them; and yet shall allow of unscrewing, when necessary,
without injurious effect to the washer, or the bolt and nut, or to the
washers, should two be used, placed respectively one under the nut and
the other under the head of the bolt. For that purpose each washer has

page_text: free-edged locking lips, three or four are preferred, but my Invention
extends to one or more, raised from the body of the metal between the
aperture for the bolt and the outer edges or circumference. The lips
are formed by cutting the metal and forcing or raising the free edges
upwards or outwards. A portion of the metal should be cut out alongside
the raised lips.
Washers made as above described are ordinarily dished so as to give
resilience, and the lips are raised in this case on the convex side, but
they may be made flat and the lips rised either from one or both
sides.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Thomson King in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 20th June 1876. .
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
THOMSON KING, of Oxton, in the County of Chester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Thomson King, Her
special licence that I, the said John Thomson King, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Thomson King, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCK WASHERS FOR SCREWED BOLTS AND NUTS,”
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Thomson King,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
•

page_text: Fig. 5 is a face view, and Fig. 6 a transverse section at the line A, A,
of a round flat washer with free-edged locking lips rising from both
sides. c is the body of the washer; d, lips on the upper surface; e, lips
on the under surface; f, space leaving the lips free edged, and such that
said lips when pressed down quite flat will not bind but will permanently
remain free.
Fig. 7 is a view looking on the upper surface, and Fig. 8 a transverse
section of another washer devised so as to possess resilience and locking
properties, the latter on both sides. The metal g is dished, as shown,
and free-edged lips are raised on the convex surfaces.
Other forms of washers (as, for instance, the circular-dished one with
bearings at the centre and circumference), to all of which my Invention
extends, may have my said free-edged locking lips.
Although in the foregoing description the washers have been described
and delineated as for locking nuts, they are equally well suited as will
be obvious for locking bolts.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and par-
ticularized the same so that others will be enabled to manufacture and
use washers with my said improvements, I claim, constructing lock
washers with a free-edged locking lip or free-edged locking lips raised
or rising from the body of the metal at a point or points between the
aperture for the bolt and the outer edge or circumference, substantially.
as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Thomson King, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Nineteenth day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
six
J. JOHNSON,
Patent Office,
Clayton Square,
Liverpool.
J. T. KING. (L.S.)