IMPROVE-- MENTS IN SIZEING OR PREPARING WARPS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Twaddell, of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE--
MENTS IN SIZEING OR PREPARING WARPS."
Sealed the 17th December 1863, and dated the 22nd June 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Twaddell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd June 1868.
I, ALEXANDER TWADDELL, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SIZEING OR PREPARING WARPS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention of improvements in sizeing or preparing warps is more par-
ticularly applicable to warps, such as linen warps, which are apt to be
rendered too brittle or tender by the ordinary treatment of passing them
through hot size and upon the large drying cylinder of warp sizeing
apparatus.
And the Invention consists in applying to the warps two separate size
mixtures one being cold and the other hot, or instead of one of the size
mixtures being used, hot or cold water, or steam, may be employed as a moist-

page_text: ening agent. The warps in some cases may, in addition, be passed between
rollers supplied with a lubricating matter, such as a mixture of tallow and
starch.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alexander Twaddell in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 21st December 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
TWADDELL, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Alexander Twaddell, Her special licence that I, the said Alexander Twaddell,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alex-
ander Twaddell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SIZEING OR PREPARING WARPS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Alexander Twaddell, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Twaddell, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement in writing, that is to say :-
My said Invention of improvements in sizeing or preparing warps is more
particularly applicable to those warps, such as linen warps, which are apt
to be rendered too brittle or tender by the ordinary treatment of passing
them through hot size and thence upon the large drying cylinder of warp
sizeing apparatus.

page_text: And my said Invention consists in applying to the warps two separate size
mixtures one being cold and the other hot, or instead of one of the size
mixtures being used, hot or cold water, or steam, may be employed as a moist-
ening agent. The warps in some cases may, in addition, be passed between
rollers supplied with a lubricating matter, such as a mixture of tallow and
starch.
In practising my said Invention, warp sizeing apparatus of any convenient
or suitable kind, and such as is at present in use, may be employed, provided
that it is fitted with two separate boxes or troughs, or with a box or trough
divided into two compartments for the two size mixtures, or for the moistening
agent and for the one size mixture. Each box, trough, or compartment may
be provided with squeezing rollers, and either or both size mixtures may be
applied to the warps by the rollers, or the warps may be made to descend into
either or both mixtures by being passed under a guide roller immersed
therein. After receiving the size and when passing onwards to the drying
cylinder the warps are subjected to the usual rotating brush, but I prefer to
drive such rotating brush by means of a friction disc and shifting pulley or by
other equivalent means permitting of the speed of the brush being varied and
adjusted with facility. When two size mixtures are used, a cold and a hot
one, I prefer to pass the warp first through the cold mixture and then through
the hot one; when a simple moistening agent is used, it is applied to the
warps first and they are then passed through the size mixture. When the
warps are in addition treated with a lubricating mixture they are passed through
such lubricating mixture after passing through the hot size mixture, and
before passing upon the drying cylinder, and when such lubricating mixture is.
used, the primary treatment with the cold size mixture may in some cases be
dispensed with, but the result although improved will not be so good as if the
said cold size mixture had been used. When a portion of the warps is of a
kind for which a separate treatment is desirable such portion may be sized by
means of a separate box or pair of boxes arranged above the main boxes and
warps, as described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me and
dated 13th November 1862, (No. 3053,) and I may observe that the arrange-
ments delineated in the Drawing appended to the said Specification as far as
regards the lower size boxes (marked G, G,) are very suitable for carrying out.
my present Invention.
Having thus particularly described my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is or may be performed, I have to state that what I believe to
be novel and original, and claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, is, the applying of two separate size.

page_text: 'mixtures, one being cold-and the other hot, or of a moistening agent and one
size mixture, or of one or two size mixtures and a lubricating mixture to
those warps, such as linen warps, which are apt to be rendered too brittle or
tender by the ordinary treatment, substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Twaddell, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three..
ALEXANDER TWADDELL. (L.S.)..
'Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
28, St. Enoch Square,
Glasgow.