Year: 1898

page_text: I, RICHARD RUSSELL GUBBINS, of 95, Pelton Road, East Greenwich, London,
S.E., Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
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My invention relates to making wood pulleys of segments with broken joints
glued together and turned. I glue boards together lengthwise & saw from the end
thereof a cross grain" board. The edges of this are sized and it is then
sawn in a cutting box with shifting centres by a band saw into segments bounded
at the ends by the sized edges of the cross grain" board, and at the sides by the
two circles to which it was sawn. These segments being laid together form a
circle, the corners being filled up by pieces of wood forced into them with a
cruciform press. The ring thus made is pierced with a ring of holes at equal
distances apart, it is next sawn into two or more thin rings which are put together
again with joints broken and hardwood pegs in the holes, glue is applied, the
whole pressed together and dried and turned. Two of these rings on opposite sides
of a spider form a pulley. If the rings and spider are parted. diametrically &
again united with joints broken. they make a split pulley.
1. 1000
Improvements inyo,
I, RICHARD RUSSELL GUBBINS, of 95, Pelton Road, East Greenwich, London,
S.E., Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
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My invention relates to making wood pulleys and other circular wooden
structures of segments with broken joints glued together and turned. I glue
boards together lengthwise and saw from the end thereof a cross grain" board.
The edges of this are sized and it is then sawn in a cutting box with shifting
centres, by a band saw into segments bounded at the ends by the sized edges
of the "
cross grain" board and at the sides by the two circles to which it was
sawn. These segments being laid together form a circle, the corners being filled
up by pieces of wood forced into them with a cruciform press. The ring thus
made is pierced with a ring of holes at equal distances apart. It is next sawn
into two or more thin rings, which are put together again with joints broken,

page_text: and hardwood pegs in the holes, glue is applied, the whole pressed together and
dried. Two of these rings on opposite sides of a spider, form a pulley.
If the rings and spider are parted diametrically and again united so as to break
joints they make a split pulley.
I attain my objects by the means illustrated in the accompanying drawings in
which Figure 1 is a plan of the timber prepared for sawing. Figure 2 is a
plan of the same after sawing. Figure 3 is a piece of timber sawn into corner
pieces. Figs. 4 and 6 show a thick ring as it leaves the cruciform press and
after it has been pierced with the circle of small holes. Figures 5 and 7 shew the
same ring laminated into three thin rings. Figures 8, 9 and 10 shew these three
rings put together again with the joints broken. Figure 9 shows the hardwood
pegs in place, ready to receive the glue. Figure 10, the three rings forced
together by a powerful press. Figure 8 the same in plan, marked for cutting in
two equal portions, as shown in Figure 15. Figures 11 and 13 show the central
portion or web of a pulley in its different stages of manufacture. Figure 17 is
a cast iron central portion or spider of a similar pulley. Figures 12, 14 and 16
show the complete pulley respectively in plan, section and side elevation.
Figure 18 shows the removeable hardwood bosses employed to suit various dimen-
sions of shafting:
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
A, Figure represents planks of timber jointed and glued together at a, a.
A piece of suitable length, as shown by the dotted line c, d, is sawn off and the
edges thereof are planed-square if necessary, and sized for jointing, up, and it is
then sawn by suitable means in pieces as shown at B, B, Figure 2.bounded respec-
tively by the inside and outside circumferences of the proposed pulley rim and on
the ends by the parallel sides of the cross grain" piece froin which they were
sawn and which it will be noted are squared and sized ready for jointing. !.
Figure 3 shows a piece of timber of the same thickness as A or B, which has
been cut up into right angular pieces, D), D.
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Figure 4 shows four of the segments B, and four of the corner pieces D; pressed
together by means of a cruciform press: The press has four screws one of which
bears on each of the corner pieces D. Glue is freely applied, and as the four
pieces. D, are together equal to four right angles they exactly fit the four re-
entering angles at the points of contact of the four segments B, since these are also
equal to four right angles. Absolutely perfect joints are the result of pressing the
corner pieces 1 home. The ring thus formed see Figure 4 is then pierced very
accurately with a circle of small holes p. It is important that these holes must
be in a true circle, and be also exactly the same distance apart. The piercing
therefore is done on a good drilling machine provided with a dividing plate and
by preference self-acting. The holes must be a snug driving fit for the hardwood
pegs to be described later on.
As soon as the joints 1), are dry the ring is set on the face plate of a lathe, in
which are pegs corresponding to the ring of holes by which it is at once accurately
chucked and laminated or sawn by a thin circular saw into three thinner rings as
shown in Figure 7. These are put together again as shown in Figure 9 with the
joints D, broken or alternated, and are kept apart by hardwood pegs inserted in
the holes p.
Glue is freely applied on the surfaces of the rings and on the pegs and whilst
it is hot the whole is pressed together by a powerful press so as to force the rings
down on the pegs and into close contact with each other, as shown in Figures 10
and 8... ***
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I have described a ring made of three thin rings such as could be sawn from
three or four inch plank, but it is obvious any number of such thin rings may be
used, and that they may be made out of timber much thicker than four inches.
The methods adopted by mé are specially designed for the application of power and 5
machinery, and the larger the timber the more economical will be the product.
To make a pulley I take a central disc, web or spider as shown in Figures 11,

page_text: 13 and 17. This is pierced round its circumference with holes, p, éxactly corre-
sponding to the holes p, in the rings, already described. When a wooden web or
disc is used I make the central portion of it of strong hardwood F, F, Figures 11
and 13 and the remainder of it E, E, of the same material as the pulley rim B,
Figure 12. When a split pulley is required, I divide F, F, by a paper joint, so
that though they are practically one piece for turning, sawing &c. they may be
easily separated.
Having divided two rings diametrically as shown in Figure 15, I place them on
opposite sides of the central web E, with their joints on opposite sides of its joint,
as shown in Figure 12, by the full and broken lines,j, and in elevation in
Figure 16. The holes ',, correspond no matter how the rings are turned
round, and the whole mass is then securely fastened together by glue and pegs,
going completely through it as already described, shown in section in Figure 14.
When the pulley is required for out door work or for working in damp places
such as laundries the glue may be omitted & wooden pegs used exclusively for
uniting the rings together.
The bosses of the pulley are made of hardwood as shown in Figure 18. A
slight projecting seat is formed on their insides as shown at H, Figure 18 and
these fit in the corresponding recess H, Figures 11, 13 and 14.
The bosses are
securely fastened in place by through and through bolts and nuts, the holes for
receiving which are shown in Figures 12, 14 and 18.
Other bolts and nuts, Figure 12 secure the grip of the bosses on the shafting as
will be clearly understood.
The solid pulley for which the iron spider shown in Figure 17 is intended
requires no description beyond mentioning that a ring of wooden segments pierced
as described is secured to another similar ring on the other side of the spider by
pegs going through and through the whole.
It must be borne in mind that to derive the most satisfactory economical results
from my improved system of making wood pulleys, operations must be carried on
on a fairly large scale. The timber A, for the segments should be planks as long as
possible and the same remarks apply to the timber for the pulley centres shown in
Fig. 11 and the pulley bosses shown in Fig. 18.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare what I
claim is:-
(1) The improvement in the art of making wooden pulleys rims or similar rings
which consists in uniting the longitudinal edges of pieces of boards to constitute
a composite cross grained board, planing parallel the cross grained edges of the
said board and sizing the same and dividing the said board into segments, each
segment bounded longitudinally by concentric arcs and at the ends by the
planed edges of the board, and gluing the segments with interposed pieces together
to form said rims.
(2) The ring composed of circular segments, B, having parallel ends, planed
and sized set so that the adjacent ends of each pair of segments are at right angles
to one another combined with the corner pieces glued in filling the spaces D,
between the said ends of the said segments B, for the purpose set forth.
3. The improvements in the art of making wooden pulleys rims or similar
rings which consist in making them of thin rings produced by laminating thick
rings of the same diameter, re-uniting the said thin rings with their joints broken.
or alternated by means of glue and pressure.
4. The rings composed of circular segments A, pierced with a true circle of
holes P, whereby it is set in a lathe to be laminated into thinner rings, uniting
these rings with their joints broken or alternated into one solid pulley rim by rods
or pegs p¹, inserted in the holes p, with or without glue or pressure, substantially
as set forth.
5. The ring composed of circular segments A, pierced with a true circle of

page_text: holes p, p, whereby it is set in a lathe to be laminated into thinner rings.
Uniting these rings with their joints broken or alternated into solid pulley rims
by rods or pegs 2¹, set in alternate holes p, and applying glue and pressure.
Again uniting said pulley rims with their central webs, discs or spiders into com-
plete pulleys by rods or pegs p¹, in the said unoccupied holes p, and a further
application of glue and pressure, as set forth and described.
6. The pulley shown in Figures 12, 14 and 16 consisting of the two pairs of
half rims and central disc, web or spider, united together with their joints broken
and secured by a bolt.
7. In a pulley formed as described the removable bosses G, recessed into the
sides of the pulley centre as shown at H, and secured by bolts and nuts for the
purpose set forth..