IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn
Fields, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention.
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES."-A communication from abroad by
Henderson Ross, of Pittsburgh, in the County of Allegheny, State
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 21st January 1868.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES," a communication to me
from abroad by Henderson Ross, of Pittsburg, in the County of Alle-
gheny, State of Pennsylvania, in the United States of America, to be
as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in providing puddling and other furnaces.
with a detached metallic "clamp" furnished with a water chamber, also
in providing the furnace with a metallic fire chamber, neck, or throat and
stack or chimney, such fire chamber, neck, and stack also forming water

page_text: chambers. The water chambers of the back part of the furnace bridge,
wall clamp, neck, and stack must be provided with pipes for supplying
them with water and also pipes for carrying off the heated or "waste
water." The back end and that portion of the crown of the furnace
directly over the fire chamber and bridge wall are made of iron and
furnished with united water chambers. The upper part of the stack of
the furnace may be constructed of brick or iron with the bottom course
of fire-brick lining resting on the off-set, or the whole stack may be con-
structed with the chamber extending from the bottom to the top of it.
If desired the sides and clamp may be so constructed as to form one
part with a single water chamber in lieu of being composed of
several parts.
The operation of this Invention is as follows:-Water is conveyed
into the different chambers at the lowest point and carried off at the
highest point, by thus supplying and carrying off the water the chamber
will always be kept full of cool water. The stack with its water
chamber may be used for generating steam which may be utilized for
any desired purpose.
By this Invention a saving in bricks, time, and cost of repairing the
neck and fire chamber of the furnace is effected. The fire chamber and
throat moreover are not liable to become enlarged and changed in form,
hence the action of the furnace will always be uniform, which is a great
desideratum especially in furnaces used for the manufacture of iron
and steel.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 21st July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middle-
sex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of January in the
year of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Henry Johnson, Her special

page_text: license that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Henry Johnson,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercisc,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN FURNACES," a communication from abroad by Henderson Ross, of
Pittsburgh, in the County of Allegheny, State of Pensylvania, in the
United States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said John Henry Johnson, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and scal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say :-
The said Invention consists in providing puddling and other furnaces
with a detached metallic " clamp "furnished with a water chamber,
also in providing the furnace with a metallic fire chamber, neck, or
throat and stack or chimney, such fire chamber, neck, and stack also
forming water chambers.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I
shall now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that
purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of
Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts
in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of the Drawings is a longitudinal vertical section of the
said improvement in the fire chamber, neck, and stack of an ordinary
puddling furnace; Figure 2 represents a transverse section of the
stack taken along the line 1-2, in Figure 1; and Figure 3 represents a
transverse section of the neck of the furnace taken through at line 3-4,
in Figure 1.

page_text: In the Drawings A represents the detached metallic clamp which is
provided with a water chamber m. B is the lower part of the stack
or chimney furnished with a water chamber n, and a door D, the width
of the door being equal to the breadth of the neck of the furnace.
C, C, are the sides of the neck provided with water chambers o, which
are in communication with the water chambers n of the stack. The
water chambers of the back part of the furnace bridge, wall clamp,
neck, and stack must be provided with suitable pipes for supplying
them with water and also with pipes for carrying off the heated or
"waste water."
The dotted lines in Figure 1 indicate the relation of the present
improvements to the rest of the furnace, 1 represents the crown of the
furnace, 3 represents the grate bars, 4 the bottom plate of the hearth,
5 the bosh, and 6 the form of the bottom of the neck, all of which are
constructed in the usual manner and with the ordinary materials.
The back end and that portion of the crown of the furnace directly over
the fire chamber and bridge wall 2 are made of iron and furnished
with united water chambers ¹ and as. The upper part of the stack
of the furnace may be constructed of brick or iron with the bottom
course of fire-brick lining resting on the off-set e (Figure 1) or the
whole stack may be constructed with the chamber n extending from the
bottom to the top of it. The door D is provided with a flange i for
supporting and holding the brick lining, this door is used for the purpose
of affording a ready opening for cleaning out the neck or throat of the
furnace. It will readily be observed that the side C and clamp A may
be so constructed as to form one part with a single water chamber,
therefore I do not confine this Invention to making the neck or throat
of the furnace in second parts.
The operation of the said Invention is as follows:-Water is conveyed
into the different chambers at the lowest point and carried off at the
highest point, by thus supplying and carrying off the water the chambers.
will always be kept full of cool water. The stack B with its water
chamber n may be used for generating steam which may be utilized for
any desired purpose.
By this Invention a saving in bricks, time, and cost of repairing the
neck and fire chamber of the furnace is effected; the fire chamber and
throat moreover are not liable to become enlarged and changed in form,
hence the action of the furnace will always be uniform, which is a great

page_text: desideratum especially in furnaces used for the manufacture of iron
and steel.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The application and use to and in furnaces of a "water clamp"
constructed, arranged, and operating substantially as and for the purpose
herein-before described.
Second. Surrounding the neck or throat and fire chamber of a furnace
with water clamps or jackets substantially as and for the purpose
herein-before described.
Third. In combination with the above surrounding the stack or
chimney of a furnace with a water clamp or jacket, substantially as and
for the purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this
my Specification set my hand and scal, this Twenty-first day of
July One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.8.)