appar
Year: 1889

page_text: I, SAMUEL CLELAND DAVIDSON of Sirocco Works, Belfast, Ireland, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The invention has reference to the stoves or air heating apparatus described in the
Specifications of previous Letters Patent dated 15th December 1877, No. 4773, and
5th March 1880, No. 968, and which specifications are hereinafter referred to as the
previous Specifications of 1877 or 1880, as the case may be, and the improvements
relate in particular to the construction of the plates forming as therein described the
partition walls of the flat vertical air and smoke flue chambers, which are arranged in
alternate order as a series of parallel flues extending to right and left of the stove
fire-place.
In the stoves described in the previous Specifications of 1877 and 1880, the plates
above referred to are held apart by flanges or ribs around the edge of the plates, and
the parts of these flanges which form the sides of the fire-place are constructed to
abut against one another the whole length of the fire from front to back, and when
those parts of them which are quite close to the fire become red hot they expand
considerably, while the other parts remaining at a black heat expand comparatively
little, the result of which is that the ends and centre of the stove bulge so much out
of shape opposite the red hot parts, that sometimes this expansion causes breakage of
the furnace door frame and back plate of the fire-place, and the plates themselves
twist and suffer an undue wear and tear in consequence.
Now the object of the improvements is to obviate the defects caused by this unequal
expansion of the plates and flanges as above described, and the improvements consist
of a certain novel construction of said plates and their separating flanges or ribs, so
that those parts which get red hot have free room for lateral expansion individually,
and without affecting the adjoining plates or bulging one another out of shape, and
of a further novelty in the construction of the plates which gives them greater
strength and durability combined with a greater air heating surface, whereby a saving
of fuel is effected in heating the air as compared with the stoves of the previous
Specifications.
The improved plates are made of cast metal with the flanges cast on them in
077

page_text: accordance with one or other of the methods of constructing them described in the
previous Specifications of 1877 and 1880, but instead of the flanges being entirely
on one side of the plate as therein described, they are now on both sides. The
improved plates aro of two patterns to suit the right and left sides, the flanges on
which are so arranged that when these two patterns are put together as a pair they
enclose an air flue or chamber between them, and when rivetted or otherwise fastened
together, they form a flat shaped tubular air heating flue or pipe with inlet and outlet
openings for the air. Rihs or gills are cast on the sides of the plates next the air
flue to increase the surface area of the air chamber and give it a greater air heating
capacity as well as greater strength and durability. A flat or corrugated thin metal
plate may also be inserted as an intermediate diaphragm between the plates so as to
divide the space between them lengthwise and increase the heating surface, and these
diaphragms are preferably put in loose, with suitable pins or studs secured to them and
projecting on both sides, so as to keep them midway between the plates which form
the air flue itself.
When a pair of the tubular air flues formed as above described are placed side by
side, their projecting or outside flanges so meet that a chamber is formed between
them which acts as a smoke flue, and where the flanges are liable to get red hot from
their close proximity to the fire they are more or less cut away, so as not to touch,
and the openings which are thus made act as inlets for the smoke from the fire to the
smoke flue, and at the same time allow for the free literal expansion of the red hot
parts of the plates, and flanges and exit openings are formed in like manner for the
smoke to pass out from the smoke flue on its way to the chimney. When the requisite
number of the above described tubular air heating flues are placed side by side so as
to make up the required length of stove from front to back, they are held up against
one another by bolts passing through them in the same way as described in the
previous Specifications of 1877 or 1880, a set of these flues thus formed being set on
each side of the fire place, and in order that the furnace front and back plates may
be conveniently bolted to the body of the stove, special ribs are attached to the outer
plates of the row of air and smoke flues, and the front and back plates bolted to
these ribs.
The stove thus formed may be set on a wrought iron or metal base plate with
suitable stoppers to hold the bases of the air and smoke flues in correct position, and
also to facilitate building them together.
Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the annexed drawings represent a stove of the type
described in the previous Specification of 1880, but with the main smoke flue to the
chimney formed between the bases of the sections and below the ash-plate as in the
previous Specification of 1877, and constructed with the herein described improved
plates for the smoke and air flues and with the furnace lined with cast iron side-tiles.
The smoke box and chimney are shown in this arrangement of the stove as connected
to the front of the main smoke flue, whereas in the arrangement shown in Figures 5,
6, 7 and 8 it is connected to the back, but it is evident that either arrangement may
be employed in both forms of stoves. Also in Figures 1 and a top casing is shown,
but of course any other suitable form of air duct may be applied to suit special
circumstances.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of the apparatus.
Figure 2 is a vertical section through the centre from front to back on the line a b
Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a vertical section across the fire-place through a smoke flue on one side
on the line c d Figures 2 and 4; and through an air flue on the other side on the line ef
Figures 2 and 4.
C
Figure 4 is a plan half in section on the line g h.
Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 represent a stove of the type and shape described in the
previous Specification of 1877, in which the air and smoke flues extend over the top
of the fire-place as well as down each side of it. The set of plates forming each side
of the air heater are preferably jointed directly above the fire, but for stoves of small
size they may be cast in one piece as described in the previous Specification of 1877.

page_text: Figure 5 is a vertical section through the smoke flues on the line kl Figures 6
nd 8.
Figure 6 is a vertical section through the centre of the fire-place from front to
ack, similar to that shown in Figure 2.
Figure 7 is a vertical section through the air flues on the line m n.
Figure 8 is a plan half in section on the line o p Figures 5, 6 and 7.
Figure 9 is a cross section on a larger scale through one of the air flues in Figures 2,
and 4, showing the intermediate diaphragm in position as bereinbefore described.
Figure 10 is a cross section on a larger scale through one of the air flues in
Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8, similarly fitted with an intermediate diaphragm plate.
The letters which indicate the several parts are the same in each Figure and are as
ollows:-
7A-

page_text: Y2 Angle irons rivetted to base plate Y to hold the sections in correct position.
Z. Intermediate diaphragm plate in section Figures 9 and 10.
Z2 Stops on same for keeping it in an intermediate position.
The arrows on the smoke flues indicate the flow of hot gases from the fire to the
main smoke flue, and thence to the chimney, and those on the air flues show the flow
of the air through them..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In stoves or air heating apparatus of the kind herein referred to, the construction
of the cast metal plates which form the partition walls of the flat vertical alternating
air and smoke flues with flanges on both sides around the edges so arranged that when
these plates are fastened together in pairs each pair encloses between them an air
heating flue with inlet and outlet openings for the passage of the air current between
them, and that when a number of the flues so formed are placed side by side and held
together flues are formed between them; which act as smoke flues with inlet and
outlet openings in the flanges for the passage of the smoke from the fire to the
chimney, the inlet openings in the flanges in the immediate proximity of the fire
where the plates are liable to get red hot being continuous so as to provide spaces
hetween each pair of plates forming the air flues for the expansion of the metal, the
red hot parts of the plates of one air flue not touching or pressing the red hot parts
of the flues adjoining, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
"
2. In stoves' or air heating apparatus of the kind herein referred to, the combination
with the plates which form the air flues as described, of ribs or gills on the faces of
the plates which form the series of the air flues to increase the strength and durability
of the plates and enlarge the air heating surface as set forth.
3. In stoves or air heating apparatus of the kind herein referred to, the combination
with the plates which form the air flues as described, of flat or corrugated thin metal
plates which divide the air flues vertically and increase the air heating surface in
same, substantially as set forth.
*
4. The general arrangement of stove or air heating apparatus shown in the
drawings and herein before described.
Dated this 14th day of February 1889