IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION APPARATUS FOR WARMING AND VENTILATING ROOMS AND BUILDINGS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Livermore Shorland, of the Firm of
Shillito and Shorland, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Ironmongers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Livermore
Shorland at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 29th May 1875.
I, GEORGE LIVERMORE SHORLAND, of the Firm of Shillito and.
Shorland, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Ironmongers,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR WARMING AND VENTILATING ROOMS AND BUILDINGS," to be
as follows:-
My Invention relates to apparatus employed to warm currents of air
flowing into rooms and buildings, as for example, to the grate backs, for
which Her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth
day of April in the year One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two

page_text: and the Twenty-first day of November in the year last ended, have been
granted to me.
In such apparatus air is warmed in chambers which constitute the
backs of the fire-grates, and the air so warmed is conveyed through
pipes or conduits to the rooms or parts of the buildings into which it is t
desired to discharge the said warm air.
My present Invention consists in connecting pipes or conduits con-
veying cold air or air not artificially warmed into the warm air pipes in
order that whenever required the temperature of the currents of issuing
air may be lower so as to prevent over heating of the room or building, 1
and also in order that when a lesser amount of artificial warmth is
required the full supply of air can be maintained.
The said unheated air is by preference derived from the outer
atmosphere, and suitable valves or dampers are fitted to the cold air
pipes, and, if considered or found to be desirable, to the pipes extending 1
from the warming chambers to the junctions with the cold air pipes.
M. Tration in also analisable to other annamtwo for warming in Sa
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Livermore Shorland in the Great Seal 1
Patent Office on the 29th November 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
LIVERMORE SHORLAND, of the Firm of Shillito and Shorland, of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Ironmongers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the fortieth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said George Livermore Shorland, Her special licence
that I, the said George Livermore Shorland, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Livermore
Shorland, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time

page_text: agree with, and' no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
5 tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WARMING AND VENTILATING ROOMS
AND BUILDINGS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
George Livermore Shorland, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of tho said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Livermore Shorland, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (and accompanying Drawings) that
is to say:-
My Invention relates to apparatus employed to warm currents of air
flowing into rooms and buildings, as for example, to the grate backs for
which Her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth
day of April, in the year One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two,
and the Twenty-first day of November, in the year last ended, have been
granted to me.
In such apparatus air is warmed in chambers which constitute the
backs of the fire-grates, and the air so warmed is conveyed through
pipes or conduits to the rooms or parts of the buildings into which it is
desired to discharge the said warm air.
My present Invention consists in connecting pipes or conduits con-
veying cold air or air not artificially warmed into the warm air pipes in
order that whenever required the temperature of the currents of issuing
air may be lowered so as to prevent over heating of the room or building,
and also in order that when a lesser amount of artificial warmth is
required the full supply of air can be maintained.
My Invention is also applicable to other apparatus for warming air
for the purposes indicated than my said Patent apparatus.

page_text: And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood, I have
appended hereunto a Sheet of Drawings made to a scale of about one
inch to the foot, and marked with letters of reference, to which Drawings
I will now refer.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of an ordinary chimney breast. As the mantle-
pieco and fire-grate are not necessary to the illustration of my Invention
they are not represented in the Figure.
In the said Fig. A represents one of my aforesaid grate backs;
a, b, are the warm air pipes, and c, d, are the cool air pipes. The said
grate back is situated immediately behind the fire, and forms a heating
chamber, into which cool air is admitted, and from which the warmed
air is conveyed by the pipes a, b, into the room. The upper ends of the
said pipes are or may be provided with perforated caps e. The pipe a is
represented as being exposed to view, and the pipe b as being built into
the breast in order that both arrangements might be illustrated in onc
Drawing; but it will be understood that both pipes may be exposed or
be enclosed as preferred. In some cases there may be only one warm
air pipe, and in other cases there may be more than two warm air pipes,
or flues formed in the walls may be used in lieu of pipes.
The pipes
c, d, receive cool air from any suitable source. In the example the pipe
d is supposed to derive its supply of cool air through an opening in the
outer wall in a similar manner, as represented in the Figure next to be
described. I prefer to join the cool air pipe to the warm air pipe at a
bend in the warm air pipe, substantially in manner as represented, so as
to have both pipes in line, but this arrangement may be varied. The
cool air pipes are provided with valves or regulators f, by means of
which the supply of cool air may be regulated or be shut off. The warm
air pipe or pipes, or one of them, may be extendod into a bed room or
room above, or into another room on the same floor, or into any other
part of the room in which the fire-place is fixed.
In Fig. 2 the warm air pipe or pipes 6 is or are curved backwards,
nstead of outwards and sideways, as in the previous example, and tho.
cool air pipe d is connected with an inlet grid or opening 7 in the outer
wall. In this example a pocket / is formed by a downward extension of
the pipe d to receive any dust or matters which may fall down the pipes.
Although I have represented my said grate backs in the Drawings I
do not confine myself to their use, as other grates, grate backs, or

page_text: chambers capable of warnung air to supply the pipes may be substitu
therefor.
Having now fully set forth and indicated the nature of my said
Invention, and means for carrying the same into practical effect, I
would remark in conclusion that I claim the arrangements, substantially
as and for the purposes herein-before set forth and indicated.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Livermore Shorland, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of
November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sawantw fixes
Signed and sealed by the said
George Livermore Shorland in
the presence of
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
Agent to the Patentee,
3, Princess Street,
Manchester.
GEORGE L. SHORLAND. (L.S.)