IMPROVEMENT IN DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES
Year: 1884

page_text: 23
I WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake & C° Patent Agents
Southampton Buildings London in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare
the nature of said Invention for "IMPROVEMENT IN DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this Invention is to construct a dynamo-electric machine the helices
of the stationary magnets of which shall occupy parts thereon, most conducive to
obtaining the greatest degree of magnetic saturation with the least expenditure of
electrical energy, and, in conjunction with the field-of-force magnets, to so construct
an armature which shall have large magnetic surface and free ventilation for the
dissipation of heat by connection, said armature possessing a suitable device for
the reception of the inducing copper coils usually employed upon anuular
armatures.
In the accompanying Drawing
Figure 1 is an end elevation showing the annular armature in conjunction with
the field-of-force magnets and the position in which the helices are wound upon
the latter.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of Figure 1 showing the manner in which the
field-inngnets, together with the two uprights which sustain the armature, are
bulted to a common base.
Figure 3 is a sectional view of the armature shown in Figure 1 in which are to
be seen the core and radial projections with intervening spaces for the reception
of the induction copper coils used upon annular armatures.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the armature shown in Figure 1,
cut through the centre and representing the manner in which the inducing coils
are wound thereon.
Figure 5 is a side elevation of the commutator and brushes with the frame of
the latter which is so arranged that the position of the brushes can be altered from
the maximum to the minimum points of efficiency upon the commutator.
Figures 6 and 7 are views in detail of the armature.
Figures 8 and 9 are further detail views of the same, Figure 9 showing the
air-spaces left in the core thereof.

page_text: Upon referring to the Drawings, it will be seen that in Figure 1, a, a, represent
the field-of-force magnets which consist of two convexo-concave pieces formed of
two complete castings bolted together at b, b, as shown in Figure 2. These sides
have flanges for fastening them by bolts to a base as at b¹, b¹, Figure 2.
The castings are provided also with inwardly extending blocks or flanges c
which come close up to the consequent points and form cores whereon wire is
wound to form helices as shown in Figures 1 and 2. These helices are connected
together in the usual manner.
The polar extensions d of said blocks or flanges are of curved shape and each
extension is common to two or more of said blocks or flanges.
"
"
It will be observed that the helices cover a large mass of the magnets where
they have most effect, by being placed in such close proximity to the consequent
points, and a much higher induction is thereby obtained than when the coils are
further removed from those points, and half the quantity of wire upon the
stationary magnets, of the construction herein referred to, as compared with that
used upon either the "Gramme or "Siemens type produce the same magnetic
saturation; that is to say, when the machines are of corresponding horse power.
The polar extensions d d can be of any desirable distance apart, and I prefer
one extension of each side to be slightly in advance of the others, the best results
being obtained by this construction. c², c², are slots for the passage of air when
the armature is in motion.
The annular armature to work in conjunction with this construction of field-
magnets is formed of a core k, k, of a suitable number of layers of iron wire wound
one layer upon another round a spider h, h, Figures 1 and 3, at right angles to the
axis of rotation. The spider is shown as cast in two parts, (Figure 7 representing
one part,) which are brought together and secured by soldering or otherwise.
h¹, h, Figure 7 are end extensions or flanges of the spider ribs to keep the iron
wire core in its place. The spaces between the ribs of the spider are-before
winding the core-packed with some suitable material such as wood, which is
given a cylindrical form; the core is then wound thereon, after which the packing
is removed, a large surface being thus exposed to the cooling effect of the air when
the machine is in operation.
The layers of wire forming the core of the armature are separated by pins i¹, i,
Figure. 9, into consecutive series of coils thus leaving air-spaces i i right through
the armature for the complete ventilation of the same.
Upon the periphery of this iron wire core are fixed, by soldering or otherwise, a
suitable number of concentric iron wire rings k', k', as shown in Figures 3 and 8.
These rings have radial projections k³, k², Figure 8, and intervening channels for
the reception of the inducing copper coils which are wound upon the armature
parallel to the axis of rotation as represented in Figure 4, and are connected
seriatim to the commutator segments.
The brushes m m are mounted upon an adjustable insulated frame n n which is
made to nove round the commutator cylinder r from the maximum to the minimum
points of efficiency thereon, and to carry with it the attached indicator o; this
indicator passes over a scale p which is so arranged and constructed as to represent
the proper point upon the commutator r, at which the brushes m, m, should be
set to obtain the necessary current strength to operate the required number of
lamps in the circuit. 8 is a handle having a thread cut thereon which screws into
the frame n, n, as shown in Figure 5. When it is required to set the brushes at
any point upon 1, the handle 8 is screwed into the frame n, n, until the former
presses upon a stationary part underneath when the brushes will be fastened at
that point.
Having now particularly described' and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
Firet. In a dynamo-electric machine, the stationary magnets consisting of two
convexo-concave sides having lateral Hang haned projections which form cores

page_text: upon which are wound exteriorly the magnet helices and the air-ways c³, c², the
whole as shown and described and for the purpose set forth.
Second. In a dynamo-electric machine, the stationary magnets consisting of two
convexo-concave sides having lateral flange shaped projections which formn cores
upon which are wound exteriorly the magnet helices, the air ways c³, c², and the
opposite polar extensions d, d, as described and for the purpose set forth.
Third. In the armature of a dynamo-electric machine, the arrangement of an
iron wire core upon the naked ribs of a spider, said core having pins i, ¹, leaving
the air-spaces i, i, as and for the purpose set forth.
Fourth. In the armnature of a dynamo-electric machine, the consecutive series of
concentric iron wire rings placed upon the periphery of the core, these rings having
radial projections leaving intervening channels for the reception of the inducing
coils as shown and described.
Fifth. In a dynamo-electric machine, the connection of the indicator o with the
movable brush-holding frame, and in conjunction with such indicator the scale p,
as described, and for the purpose set forth.
Sixth. In a dynamo-electric machine, the stationary magnets consisting of two
sides, each in a single piece constructed with slots c³ to admit air, and provided
with flanges c upon which helices are wound, substantially as set forth.
Seventh. In a dynamo-electric machine, the stationary magnets consisting of two
concavo-convex sides provided with inwardly extending flanges c upon which
helices are wound, and polar extensions d, ench of said polar extensions being
attached to two or more of the flanges c substantially as set forth.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.