IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING THE BEARINGS OF RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER CARRIAGE AXLES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, of the Firm of
J. Brandt and G. W. von Nawrocki, of 124, Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin,
Germany, Patent Agents, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS
AND APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING THE BEARINGS OF RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVE
AND OTHER CARRIAGE AXLES." A communication from abroad by Heinrich
Beissol, of Moscow, in the Empire of Russia.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von
Nawrocki at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th April
1880.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W.
von Nawrocki, of 124, Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, Germany, Patent Agents.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING THE BEARINGS OF
RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER CARRIAGE AXLES." A communication from
abroad by Heinrich Beissel, of Moscow, in the Empire of Russia.
The Invention relates in the first place to improvements in the manner and
means for lubricating railway-carriage axles, and is more particularly applicable to
such axle-boxes that are fed with lubricant from the outside. Into a receiver
lubricant is placed, from whence it is caused to ascend or is sucked up by the
capillary attraction of a wick composed of fibrous material. The said wick is laid
over a support, and one end thereof dips into the lubricant contained in the said
receiver, the other end being placed in the cup of a brass step. The said brass step
fits onto and above the axle and is formed with a suitable groove or channel to
lead the lubricant from the said cup onto the upper part of the axle. When
desired to lubricate the axle from underneath its axis, lubricant is caused to over-
flow from the said receiver into the axle box, from whence it is sucked up to
lubricate the said axle by means of a web of fibrous material suspended by metal
plates. The said plates are formed in a suitable manner and are attached to the
brass step by means of pins. The Invention relates in the second place to improve-
ments in the manner and means for insuring a tight stuffing box in order to
ensure a more durable packing and stuffing of the axle. To this end a suitable
spiral spring is fastened to metal discs or plates by means of screws or otherwise,
and is formed around the axle in the stuffing box. The said spring by its con-
traction and expansion will bring the metal plates nearer to or farther from each
other. When the said spirals forming the spring are brought together by con-
traction, one half thereof will press upon the upper part of the axle and the
other half the lower part, thereby ensuring a tight stuffing without the employment
of fibrous material.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 27th October 1880.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W.
von Nawrocki, of 124, Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, Germany, Patent Agents.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING THE BEARINGS
OF RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER CARRIAGE AXLES." A communication from
abroad by Heinrich Beissel, of Moscow, in the Empire of Russia.
The Invention relates in the first place to improvements in the manner and
means for lubricating railway carriage axles, and is more particularly applicable to
such axle boxes that are supplied with lubricant from the outside into a reservoir
or chamber. The lubricant from the said reservoir or chamber is caused to
ascend, and is sucked up by the capillary attraction of a wick composed of any
suitable fibrous material. The middle of the wick is supported by a pin, and one
end thereof dips into the lubricant in the reservoir and the other end into an
annular chamber formed in a brass stop. The said brass step fits onto and above
the axle. In another arrangement the lubricant is caused to flow from the chamber
or reservoir and over the axle, from whence it falls into a second reservoir in the
axle pillow, from whence it is sucked up to lubricate the axle by means of a web
of fibrous material supported by metal plates formed in a suitable manner, and are
connected with the brass step by means of barbed hooks and with the fibrous
material by means of pins. The Invention relates in the second place to improve-
ments in the manner and means for ensuring a tight stuffing for the axle, in order
to ensure a more durable packing and stuffing of the axle to exclude dirt. To this
end a suitably formed spiral spring is fastened to metal discs or plates by means of
screws or otherwise, and is formed around the axle in the stufling box. The said
spring by its contraction and expansion will bring the metal plates nearer to or
farther from each other. When the said spirals forming the spring are brought
together by contraction, one half thereof will press upon the upper part of the axle
and the other half the lower part, thereby ensuring a tight stuffing without the
employment of fibrous material. The advantage of this arrangement of stuffing
box over ordinary metal discs is that it is more durable in wear ou account of its
improved form, being made in oue part, and having a more independant play of
the spring.
And in order that the Invention may be fully understood, I have caused to be
appended hereunto a Sheet of Drawings marked with letters of referenco, similar
letters indicating corresponding parts in the various Figures. Referring to the said
Drawings Fig. represents a longitudinal section of my improved axle box;
Fig. 2 an end view; Fig. 3 a cross section; Fig. 4 a horizontal section drawn partly
in plan. The remaining Figs. indicate the discs and spiral spring in different
views.
The bearing of the axle consists of the cap A and pillow B to receive the oil, the
brass step D, and the apparatus for sucking up the oil to lubricate the axle. The
cap A is provided with lugs a, which receive the bolts f, secured by the pin c in
order to connect them together. The pin c prevents the falling out of the bolt d.
The pillow B is also provided with corresponding lugs on the opposite sido and
the washers c. In order to prevent the bolt f becoming slack, the bolt b is riveted
at its end b¹. By unscrewing the nut f the bolt is free to turn and the part b can
be removed. When it is required to lubricate the axle from the top a receiver g is
formed to contain the lubricant, from which a wick transmits the lubricant onto
the top of the axle. When it is required to lubricate the axle from the bottom the
wick h can be removed and the receiver g filled to overflow, and runs over the axle

page_text: where it is received by the wick i, and transmitted to the required part of the
axle. The said wick i is suspended by the metal plates m, which may be formed
of brass or other suitable metal, and connected to the brass step D. The wick i is
folded together and held between teeth formed in the plates m, and which act as
barbed hooks, as indicated in Fig. 3. The said wick may be formed of cotton, felt,
wool, or other suitable material, and may be passed through an opening in the
plate m, and secured by a needle in contact with the axle. The stuffing box
consists in the application thereto to exclude dirt of two metal discs connected by
means of a spiral spring of a size sufficient to embrace the axle. The springs are
fixed to the plates by means of screws. When the said spring is released it forms
a conical diagonal screw spring. The plates o may be provided at their outer sides
with corresponding stuffing rings made of hard material, as for example, wood,
leather, or pasteboard, and attached by means of screws, or may be sewn and
riveted to the plates. The opening in the stuffing rings are made to suit the
diameter of the axle, while the openings in the metal discs have to bo of a little
larger diameter so as to effect the wear of the spiral ring only. The two discs are
connected together by means of the spring p, so that when sliding the discs and
connected spring onto the axle the excentrical windings of the spring will become
concentric around the axle, and one half of the ring will press upwards against the
axle, and the other half downwards. If the discs o, o', is pressed together and fitted
within the part F the discs will bear against the sides of the axle box A.
Having now described the Invention and means for carrying the same into effect
I would have it to be understood that I claim,—
First. The manner and means for suspending the wick by means of the metal
plates, aud pin or needle through the plate and wick, substantially as 'herein-
before set forth and illustrated in the Drawings.
Secondly. The manner and means for supplying lubricant to the axle,
substantially as described.
Thirdly. The formation of the lubricating channel in the brass step D.
Fourthly. The employment of an oil receiver to feed the wick when the wagon
or vehicle to which it is applied is in motion.
Fifthly. The form and construction of the discs o, o', and spring p.
And, lastly. The manner in which the bolts of the bearing are attached to the
same to prevent its becoming loose, and also the manner in which the nut is
prevented being lost by riveting the ends of the bolt.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty sixth day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
C
VOY NAWROOKT