Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Shells, Vessels, and Tubes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Jan., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 27th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1893
PROVISIONAL OF FUIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Shells, Vessels,
and Tubes.
I BENJAMIN HEWITT of 72 Wiggin Street Icknield Port Road Birmingham in
the County of Warwick, Pattern Maker, do hereby declare the nature of my
said invention to be as follows:-
My invention has for its object improvements in machinery for the manufacture
of shells vessels and tubes by which such articles can be made much more
expeditiously than hithertofore while the machinery is exceedingly simple in
operation and special facilities are rendered for the easy insertion of blanks and
removal of the finished articles.
In carrying my invention into effect I mount two three or preferably four
horizontal mandrils so as to have a reciprocating motion say two at each end so that
as two are advancing two are retreating. At each end of the bed a vertical head
is fixed through which the ends of the mandrils thus rendering the mandril ends
perfectly steady and rigid. On the outside of the head I mount the die box so
as to also form a pressure plate and between this die box and the heads the blanks
are placed the two being tightly clamped together so that as the blank is forced
through the die by the mandril it is made to form a sleeve on the mandril. The
four mandrils may be made to effect four stages in the manufacture as for example
the blank would first be forced through a trefoil or quatrefoil or other shaped die
to bring it into the vessel shape after which it would be forced through each of
the other dies until the longest required tube was obtained while four separate
articles would be in course of manipulation at the same time. By pivotting or
hinging the combined die holder & pressure plate the articles can readily be
bumped out of the die while the said die and pressure plate retains the tubes or
vessels in position while the mandrils are being withdrawn which is of great
importance as the metal cannot be drawn back with the mandril. Instead of
shaping the die for the first process I may find it preferable to shape the mandril
as by either means I control and distribute the crumping of the metal so that the
articles when finished will be perfectly regular in guage.
'I may use any power or means to obtain the reciprocation of the mandrils and
for securing the die box & pressure plate to the head while the mandrils are in
operation. A recess is formed in the back of the pressure plate to receive the
blank so that the blank can be inserted in a perfectly true position with rapidity
& ease.
Dated this 19th day of January 1892
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Shells, Vessels,
and Tubes.
1, BENJAMIN HEWITT, of 72 Wiggin Street, Icknield Port Road, Birmingham
in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object improvements in machinery for the manufacture.
of shells, vessels, & tubes by which such articles can be made much more

page_text: expeditiously than hithertofore while the machinery is exceedingly simple in
operation and special facilities are rendered for the easy insertion of blanks and the
removal of the finished articles.
In carrying my invention into effect I may mount two three or any number of
horizontal mandrels or rams so as to have a reciprocating motion say two at each
end so that as two are advancing two are retreating. At each end of the bed a
vertical head is fixed through which the heads of the mandrels pass thus rendering
the mandrel ends perfectly steady and rigid. I mount the die boxes so as to also
form pressure plates and between the die boxes and the head the blanks are placed
the two being tightly clamped together so that as the blank is formed through the
die by the mandrel it is made to form a sleeve on the mandrel or ram. The four
mandrels may be made to effect four stages in the manufacture as for example
the blank may first be forced through a trefoil, quatrefoil or other shaped die
to bring it into the vessel shape after which it would be forced through each of
the other dies until the longest required shell was obtained while four separate
articles would be in course of manufacture at the same time. By pivoting or
hinging the combined die holder and pressure plate the articles can readily be
bumped out of the die while the said die & pressure plate retains the shells or
vessels in position while the mandrels are being withdrawn which is of great
importance as the metal cannot be drawn back with the mandrel. Instead of
shaping the die for the first process I may find it preferable to shape the mandrel.
as by either means I control and distribute the crumping of the metal so that the
articles when finished will be perfectly regular in guage.
I may use any power or means to obtain the reciprocation of the inandrels and
for securing the die box and pressure plate to the head while the mandrels are in
operation. A recess is formed in the back of the pressure plate to receive the
blank so that the blank can be inserted in a perfectly true position with rapidity
and case.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried
into practice I have appended hereunto two double sized sheets of drawings upon
which I have fully illustrated the nature of my said improvements.
On Sheet 1.,-
Figure 1., is a vertical section showing the arrangements of die and pressure
plate for effecting the first process.
Figure 2., is a similar section giving an example of the arrangement for effecting
a later process.
Figure 3., is also a similar section showing the arrangement for another still later
process.
On Sheet 2.,—
Figure 4., is a plan showing an example of the mode of mounting the mandrels
and dies.
Figure 5., is a cross section on the line 1-2.
Figure 6., is a cross section on the line 3-4.
Figure 7., is a cross section on the line 5-6.
Figure 8., is an elevation of the form of die I may use in the earlier processes.
Figure 9., is a similar elevation to Figure 8 showing a modification in the form
of die.
Figure 10., is a section through the mandrel or ram F when shaped.
In carrying my invention into effect I mount the die holder d' containing the
die D in the head H to which die holder the pressure plate E is hinged at e¹ and
is provided with the hinged clamp e' by which the blank B is clamped between the
die holder and pressure plate by means of the hand screw e a dummy blank b₁
slightly thicker than the blank B being placed between the hand screw e³ and the
head H for the purpose of regulating the pressure upon the blank B the mandrel
or ram travels forward and forces the blank B through the die D, thus causing
the blank B to form a shell or sleeve upon the force F to the extent of its travel
the pressure plate E being so arranged as to turn down upon the hinge e' for the

page_text: insertion of the blank B and the removal of the shell or sleeve. The die holder d'
and pressure plate E are self contained by which means the whole may be readily
removed from the head H for the purpose of inserting varied sizes of dies in the
same machine. In the later process or processes the arrangement is similar except
in the case of the die holder d' which is so shaped as to receive the shell or sleeve B
for the operation of the ram F which forces it through the die D until it forms a
sleeve upon the ram or mandrels F. In the case of the later process or processes
the die D' is mounted in the die holder E' which is hinged to the outside of the
head H at and secured by the clamp e which is also attached to the head and
secure the die holder E' thereto by the hand screw e by which means the die
holder E' may be turned down upon the hinge for the insertion of the sleeve B2
which is inserted from the outside thus preventing any necessity for the ram F to
be drawn back sufficiently far for the insertion of the shell from the outside thus
saving much time and rendering great facilities for the manipulation of the shell
as the plate when released readily drops clear of the die. In mounting the dies
and mandrels upon the machine I may arrange them in any suitable manner as for
example as shown upon Sheet 2 where six rams or mandrels F & F have a
reciprocating action and operate in conjunction with a corresponding number of
dies the central or first rams F1 being adjustably mounted so that they can be
adjusted to come into operation when the stroke is nearly complete. I do not
however confine myself to the use of any number of mandrels or to their
reciprocating action or to the mode of operating the same as I may arrange them
in any convenient position or positions but in the case under illustration I may start
to operate the blanks by the central rams F¹ finishing them by the side rams F at
each end.
In the first actions I may use a die of trefoil, quatrefoil, or other similar shape
as shown by Figures 8 & 9 which would assist in the equal distributions of the
metal when the shells were being forced or the ram F may be so shaped while the
die is round. I may use any suitable power or means for operating the mandrels
Figure 4 only showing an example in which the cog K operates the screw rod J
the reversing being effected by any of the well known reversing arrangements.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The improvements in machinery for the manufacture of shells vessels &
tubes substantially as herein set forth & shown upon the accompanying drawings.
2nd. Machinery for the manufacture of shells, vessels, & tubes the self contained
die D & pressure plate E substantially such as herein set forth and shown by
Figures 1 & 2 & 4 & 6.
3rd. In machinery for the manufacture of shells vessels and tubes the
combination die holder & plate E' with joint & fastening substantially such as and
for the purpose herein set forth and shown by Figures 3, 4, & 6.
4th. In improvements in machinery for the manufacture of shells vessels and
tubes the shaped dies or shaped rams substantially such as and for the purpose
herein described and shown with regard to Figures 8 & 9, & 10.
Dated this 25th day of February 1893.
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent.