Improvements in Filtering Apparatus.
Year: 1895

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Filtering Apparatus.
I FELIX GARROS, of 15 Rue des Halles, Paris, in the Republic of France,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention for improvements in filtering apparatus has for its object to provide
a more efficient means of attaching the filter tubes or porous plates to the other
parts of the apparatus and to provide improved arrangements for ensuring the
operation and cleaning of the filtering apparatus, and consists essentially in
surrounding the filter tubes or plates with a ring or plate of elastic material such
as india rubber. The filter plates are inserted in a movable frame and are on one
side held against pressure by a thin perforated metallic plate and which from the
other side may be cleaned by means of a brush.
A filter tube is secured in place in the casing by means of a ring of india rubber
or other elastic material placed between an inwardly projecting ridge on the casing
and a metallic disc. The said metallic disc is pressed against the elastic ring by
means of a nut compressing the elastic ring and causing it to extend into a groove
formed around the filter tube at the commencement of the nozzle through which
the filtered liquid flows out.
The connection of several filter tubes arranged in a casing may be similarly
effected by means of india rubber rings or plates bearing with one side against
ridges on the interior of the casing and held by means of metal plates pressed
against each other by the cover and forcing the material of the elastic rings or
plates into grooves formed in the neck of each filter tube.
The liquid to be filtered enters the casing through a valve forcing the air through
a cock provided for the purpose and passes through the filter tubes leaving through
another valve.
In the case of filters for large quantities the filter tubes are replaced by porous
plates one of whose faces that is to say the one through which the filtered liquid
leaves is supported against the pressure by a metallic plate. For securing the
plates in place india rubber rings are used and held between interior projections on
the casing in such a manner that the elastic material of which the ring is formed
will be forced out against the rounded edge of the filter plate and make a tight
joint.
The projections between which the said rubber rings are held are also provided
with elastic blocks serving to further secure the porous plates when the portions
are forced up together. To effect this one of the end plates is movable the other
end plate being fixed to the press frame.
The apparatus is provided with exterior projections adapted to slide upon the
upper part of upright supports arranged on the supporting frame the whole being
mounted upon wheels.
One of these projections is provided with a stuffing box through which passes a
rod serving to operate a brush in each of the compartments wherein the liquid to
be filtered arrives.
The liquid to be filtered passes into a glass box provided with a pressure guage
and with an air and test cock, and where its degree of impurity is ascertained and
then through a pipe into the filtering compartments expelling the air through relief
cocks which are closed as soon as the liquid begins to issue from them. The liquid

page_text: then passes through the filtering plates into compartments arranged alternately
with those first mentioned. The liquid then flows through a pipe to another glass
box similar to that beforementioned where the degree of purity of the liquid is
ascertained. By the difference in the pressures between the two guages the
operation of the apparatus is watched. The filtered liquid finally flows out through
a pipe from which it can be taken for use.
All the various operations are regulated by cocks and valves suitably arranged
upon the various pipes.
Dated this 25th day of September 1895.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.
I FELIX GARROS of 15 Rue des Halles Paris in the Republic of France do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention for improvements in filtering apparatus has for its object to
provide a more efficient means of attaching the filter tubes or porous plates to the
other parts of the apparatus and to provide improved arrangements for ensuring
the operation and cleaning of the filtering apparatus and consists essentially in
surrounding the filter tubes or plates with a ring or plate of elastic material such
as indiarubber.
The filter plates are inserted in a movable frame and are on one side held against
pressure by a thin perforated metallic plate and which from the other side may be
cleaned by means of a brush.
In the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings
Figs. 1 & 2 show respectively a vertical section of a filter having a porous
tube with a groove at the base of the nozzle, and a filter with several of these
tubes, and
Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the axis of a filter having several porous
plates, and with two end plates inserted and connected in frames placed side by
side in a press frame.
Fig. 4 is a detail view on a larger scale showing the method of attaching the
india rubber rings to the frame and each of the end plates,
Fig. 5 is a view showing secured in the frame one of the porous plates and. a
brush for cleaning the same and
Fig. 6 is a view from the opposite side showing one of the perforated metallic
plates.
A filter tube a is secured in place in the casing b by means of a ring of india-
rubber or other elastic material e placed between an inwardly projecting ridge d
on the casing b and a metallic disc e. The said metallic disc e is pressed against
the elastic ring c by means of a but compressing the elastic ring band causing it
to extend into a groove h formed around the filter tube a at the commencement of
the nozzle through which the filtered liquid flows out.
The connection of several filter tubes a. a. arranged in a casing may be
similarly effected by means of indiarubber rings or plates c bearing with one
side against ridges on the interior of the casing and held by means of metal
plates & d¹ pressed against each other by the cover f¹ and forcing the material
of the clastic rings or plates c¹ into grooves h formed in the neck or nozzle i of
each filter tube.

page_text: The liquid to be filtered enters the casing through a 'valve forcing the air
through a cock provided for the purpose, and passes through the filter tubes;'a'a,
leaving through another valve, k¹.
In the case of filters for large. quantities: the filter tubes a are replaced by porous
plates A one of whose faces, that is to say the one through which the filtered liquid
leaves is supported against the pressure by a metallic plate, B. For securing the
plates in place india rubber rings c are used and held between interior projections D'
on the casing D in such a manner that the elastic material of which the ring is
formed will be forced out against the rounded edge of the filter plate A and make
a tight joint.
The projections between which the said rubber rings are held are also provided
with elastic blocks H H' serving to further secure the porous plates A when the
portions are forced up together. To effect this one of the end plates G¹ is movable,
the other end plate G being fixed to the press frame.
The apparatus is provided with exterior projections E E' adapted to slide upon
the upper part of upright supports F F¹ arranged on the supporting frame the
whole being mounted upon wheels.
One of these projections E is provided with a stuffing box through which passes
a rod L serving to operate a brush K in each of the compartments J wherein the
liquid to be filtered arrives.
The liquid to be filtered passes into a glass box N provided with a pressure
gauge and with an air and test cock, and where its degree of impurity is ascertained,
and then through a pipe T¹ into the filtering compartments J J, expelling the air
through relief cocks r. . which are closed as soon as the liquid begins to issue
from them. The liquid then passes through the filtering plates A A' into
compartments J J₁ arranged alternately with those first mentioned.
The liquid then flows through a pipe T to another glass box N¹ similar to that
beforementioned where the degree of purity of the liquid is ascertained. By the
difference in the pressures between the two guages the operation of the apparatus
is watched. The filtered liquid finally flows out through a pipe T3 from which it
can be taken for use. All the various operations are regulated by cocks and valves
suitably arranged upon the various pipes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is,
1. In filters wherein the filtration is effected by means of porous pieces of porcelain
or earthenware; the connection of filter tubes provided at the base of their nozzle
with a groove with rings or plates of elastic material bearing on one side against
an interior lateral wall, whilst by the other two sides they are forced between two
metallic parts in such a manner that the elastic material passes out on one side and
is pressed into the groove provided at the neck of each filter tube substancially as
described.
2. The connection above specified and applied to porous plates the rounded edges
of which are surrounded by india rubber rings, and one of whose faces is held by
perforated bottoms, each of the said plates being inserted into a frame whose
projections, pierced at their upper part with an air passage, are furnished at their
four interior corners with elastic tappets in such a manner that when pressing, by
means of the end plates, all the frames inserted one against the other in the press
frame, the porous plates will be pressed in an elastic manner and form tight and
distinct compartments provided respectively with air cocks, the former compartments,
which may be cleaned by a brush operated by a rod, recieving the liquid to be
filtered, and the second compartments the filtered liquid, while the glass boxes
furnished with pressure gauges and air and test cocks enable the loss of pressure
and the degree of impurity and limpidity of the liquid traversing between them to
be watched.

page_text: 3. The arrangement and construction of filtering apparatus substantially as
described.
Dated this 25th day of June 1896.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.