A Spraying Machine.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 5th June, 1894-Accepted, 18th Aug., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Spraying Machine.
1, ANDREW BRYCE, of Allegheny, State Pennsylvania, U.S.A., Mechanic do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
In the accompanying drawings which make part of this Specification,
Fig. 1, is a perspective of my invention, when used as a sprayer of paint;
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal central section through the sprayer proper, with the
valves controlling the liquid and vapour in elevation.
Fig. 3 is a rear view of said valves.
Fig. 4, is a detail of one of said valves and
Figs. 5 and 6, are sections respectively on lines x-x, and y-y of Fig. 2, and
Fig. 7 is a perspective of plug.
The purpose of my invention generally is to devise apparatus which will spray
fine dry solids or liquids, or both, by the force of compressed vapour. One of the
most obvious applications thereof, is mechanical painting, where my machine takes
the place of the painter's brush in covering large surfaces. It is frequently
desirable to mingle with the paint, sand or other fine and dry solids, and my
devices make provision for this mixture.
My device can also be used as a sanding tool and a decorator's device for making
fancy surfaces, by projecting various solids, such as kernels of wheat, oats, etc., in
connection with the various hues or colors. Or by first spraying some adhesive
substance on the surface to be covered and afterwards applying the solids by my
machine.
The apparatus can also be employed to inject under air or other vapor pressure,
solid and liquid fuel into a furnace.
My drawings illustrate my construction in connection with a paint reservoir, but
I do not intend to be confined to this specific and limited purpose, but desire to
claim the same broadly for all purposes to which the apparatus is applicable.
In Fig. 1, 1, is a pipe leading to an air or vapor compressor. 2, is a manifold for
the division of the compressed vapor into several lines. 3, is an air connection
leading from said reservoir to the paint reservoir, 4, and controlled by valves 5 and 6.
Extending from said pipe 3, to a point near the bottom of the paint reservoir is
pipe 7, where preferably is a small well 8. The paint reservoir itself is an air
tight vessel of convenient portable size, and filled through screw top opening, 9.
In said reservoir is a float 10. Projecting above the upper surface of said float is
the pipe 11, controlled by valve, 12, and leading to the sprayer. The float is of
such buoyancy that the pull of pipe 11, is just sufficient to sink same slightly
beneath the paint level in the reservoir. 13, is a flexible air pipe leading from
reservoir 2, to air valve of sprayer. 14, is a blank nipple on reservoir 2, to which
another sprayer may be attached, if desired.
The sprayer which may be carried in the hand for many spraying purposes, as
seen clearly in Fig. 2, is composed of the following parts. 15, is the exterior
portion of the delivery tip. It is flared at it's outer end at a-a, and threaded at
its inner end at b-b, to turn in the jam uut or holder 16.
Screwed into said holder, 16, is the reducer, 17, bell mouthed at both ends as
shown.
Said reducer 17, is externally threaded for a considerable portion of its length
and upon its forward half is screwed the inner portions 18 of the delivery tip. 18, is
internally screw threaded as seen clearly in Fig. 7, to be longitudinally adjustable
LD

page_text: upon the forward half of the reducer 17. Commencing at point c on the inner
surface of said part 18, is the swivel 19, which by a curve seen clearly in Fig. 2,
gradually rises until it leaves only a slot like opening between the outer and inner
parts of the delivery tip and for about two thirds the periphery of the discharging
end of said tip.
Concentric with reducer 17, and at the rear of same is the air injector 20 screwed
into sleeve 21 screwed into shell 22, of mixing chamber, 23. Upon the same shell
is screwed sleeve 24, into which is screwed color injector 25. At 26 another color
injector may enter if desired. 27, is the color valve and 28, the air valve, practically
duplicate in construction as seen in Fig. 4. In the enlargement, 29, I drill a cavity
to receive a coiled spring 30, which presses against the inner end of the valve
stem 31, normally closing the passage leading to the sprayer, but by pressing on the
head 32, the passage can be opened to any desired extent, or the valve can be set
at any desired opening by the set screw 33, entering slot 34, on the stem.
35, is the pipe leading to the reservoir for solids and 36 is the injector for
solids.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows: compressed air being supplied to
the reservoir 2, is led from thence to the paint reservoir. The latter may be of
such size as to be swung by a strap from the workman's shoulder, while the air
reservoir may lie upon the floor or in any convenient position. The compressed
air entering the paint reservoir in the small compartment at the corner tends to
create a regular current in the same and keep the paint completely agitated.
Under the pressure of the air, the paint enters the mouth of the pipe in the
float and as the inlet is is only slightly beneath the level of the paint some of
the air also passes into the same pipe with the paint, and is carried along to the
paint valve, which being opened sufficiently wide by the operator admits the
paint mingled to a certain extent with air, to pass into the mixing chamber.
©
Meantime compressed air is being supplied in suitable amount through the air
injector, to the mixing chamber. The partial vacuum created in that chamber by
the blast, acts by suction to draw up sand, solids or desired powdered or pulverized
solids through the injector for solids and the combined matter is propelled through
the reducer and velocity giver 17, and discharged at the forward end thereof into the
inner portion 18, of the delivery tip, where the particles spread and following
the lines of the swell 19, are delivered in an arch shaped thin stream from the
mouth of the delivery tip, the atomized discharge being regulated by screwing in
or out the outer portion 15 of said tip. But I do not confine myself to the above
means of regulating the discharge, as it is evident that may be done by moving
longitudinally either one of the members that control the discharge.
After leaving the tips, the mingled air and liquid, or solid materials, diverge in
a finely atomized state in radiating lines, until they strike the surface where they
are delivered and spread out upon it equally and uniformly.
.
By removing the inner portion, 18, of the delivery tip, and cutting off the paint
supply, the apparatus may be used as a sanding machine only, and I desire to claim
it as such, thus making an interchangeable painting and sanding device.
The stopper 18, may also have, instead of the swell 19, a cone at its mouth with
the vertex toward the injectors. This construction would deliver in a complete
circular slot. It is not necessary to deliver compressed air to the paint reservoir
to force the paint to the sprayer, but the paint may flow down from the reservoir
by gravity or be drawn down by suction by the partial vacuum made in the mixing
chamber by the air blast from the air injector.
In these latter methods my invention is conspicuously and meritoriously distin-
guished from other painting apparatus which force the paint by blast through long
lines of hose.
My apparatus can be very successfully used as a fuel injector to throw commingled
pulverized solid fuel, oil and steam into a furnace, and the operation would be
practically similar with that above described, except that the different pipes would
lead to fuel reservoirs.

page_text: It will be noticed that the delivery tip, reducer, air injector, fluid injector and
solid injector, are all adjustable to give the desired result under different conditions
of pressure and use, and that means are provided whereby the person who directs,
or holds the sprayer proper, has entire and complete control, both of the quantity
of matter to be used, as well the amount of force to project it, they being subject
to his will in a very sensitive manner, through the automatic combined valve and
stop-cock.
Having described my invention, I claim :
1. The combination of a delivery tip; a reducer at the rear of said tip; a
compressed vapor injector discharging into a chamber centrally with the rear end
of the reducer, and a solid injector discharging at right angles to the vapor injector,
substantially as set forth.
2. In a spraying device the combination of a delivery tip exteriorly threaded at
one end; a reducer exteriorly threaded; a jam nut interiorly threaded at two
points to receive said tip and reducer; a mixing chamber at the rear of said
reducer and injectors for liquid, vapor and finely divided solids communicating with
said chamber, substantially as set forth.
3. In a spraying device the combination of a delivery tip exteriorly threaded at
one end; a reducer exteriorly threaded; a jam nut interiorly threaded at two
points to receive said tip and reducer; a mixing chamber at the rear of said
reducer; and injectors for liquid and vapor communicating with said chamber,
substantially as set forth.
4. An improvement in spraying by machine power which consists in conveying
vapor to a sprayer; conveying liquid and mingled vapor by an independent line
to the sprayer and delivering the liquid therefrom in finely divided streams,
substantially as set forth.
5. In a spraying device the combination of a vapor compressor; a line leading
from thence to a sprayer; a line leading from said compressor to well 8 in a liquid
reservoir; said well; said liquid reservoir, a line leading from said liquid reservoir
to the sprayer, and said sprayer, substantially as set forth.
6. In a spraying device, the combination of a delivery tip exteriorly threaded at
one end; a reducer exteriorly threaded; a mixing chamber at the rear of said
reducer; and a jam nut interiorly threaded at two points to receive said tip and
reducer, substantially as set forth.
7. The combination in a spraying machine of an exterior shell for the delivery
tip and a removable inner stopper and an injector for liquids, and an injector for
finely divided solids connected with a common mixing chamber, substantially as set
forth.
8. The combination of a delivery tip; a reducer at the rear of said tip; a vapor
injector discharging into a chamber at the rear end of the reducer, and an injector
for solids discharging also into said chamber, substantially as set forth.
Lan 1004
S. S. BROMHEAD,
97, Newgate Street, E.C., Agent for Applicant.
S. S. BROMHEAD,
97, Newgate Street, E.C., Agent for Applicant.