IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THIN LEAD PIPES FOR USE IN IRRIGATION PURPOSES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Brown, of Elm Croft Grange, Edinburgh,
in the County of Mid Lothian, North Britain, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THIN LEAD PIPES FOR USE IN
IRRIGATION PURPOSES."
Sealed the 14th February 1871, and dated the 25th August 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Brown at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th August 1870.
I, ISAAC BROWN, of Elm Croft Grange, Edinburgh, in the County of
Mid Lothian, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THIN LEAD PIPES FOR
USE IN IRRIGATION PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the manufacture of thin lead pipes for use
in irrigation purposes when very thin pipes but in great lengths are

page_text: required, and is principally applicable to the pipes employed in
irrigating land according to the Invention for which I obtained
Letters Patent on the Seventh day of August 1869, No. 2363. These
pipes are formed by means of hydraulic pressure in a portable form,
whereby the pipes can either be made from old lead or from pig
lead upon the place where such pipes are intended to be used, thus
avoiding the great loss in carriage of thin lead pipes, and also the
risk of damage to the pipes themselves, whilst the pipes can be made.
of any required length, whereby a great saving is effected in the expense
of junctions and fitting.
SPECIFICATION -in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said. Isaac Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 25th February 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ISAAC
BROWN, of Elm Croft Grange, Edinburgh, in the County of Mid
Lothian, North Britain, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Isaac Brown, Her special license, that
I, the said Isaac Brown, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Isaac Brown, my executors, administrators,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OP THIN LEAD PIPES FOR USE IN IRRIGATION PURPOSES," upon the condition.
(amongst others) that I, the said Isaac Brown, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed; and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within

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Letters Patent.
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NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Isaac Brown, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manuer the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
My said Invention relates to the manufacture of thin pipes of lead
or other like ductile metal or alloy for use in irrigation purposes
when very thin pipes but in great lengths are required, and is principally
applicable to the pipes employed in irrigating land according to the
Invention for which I obtained Letters Patent on the Seventh day of
August One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, No. 2363. These
pipes are formed by means of hydraulic pressure in a portable form,
whereby the pipes can either be made from old lead, or from pig lead,
or from other ductile metal or alloy upon the place where such pipes are
intended to be used; thus avoiding the great loss in carriage of thin soft
metal pipes, and also the risk of damage to the pipes themselves, whilst
the pipes can be made of any required length, whereby a great saving
is effected in the expense of junctions and fitting.
In carrying out my said Invention the ordinary and well-known lead
pipe drawing press may be employed, or other press suitable for the
purpose, which should by preference be placed horizontally upon a
travelling carriage or truck mounted upon running wheels. Facility
is thus afforded for moving the apparatus from place to place, and
bringing it into the positions requisite for laying the pipes in any given.
situation, the manufacture of such pipes being effected "in situ," and
the laying or depositing of such pipes upon the ground being accom-
plished as fast as the pipe is produced, thus saving the labor and cost
of making joints and affording, facility for using pipes of large bore
(say from 1% to 2½ inches in circumference) which are the sizes found
requisite for conducting and distributing water at long distances from
the pressure main pipe.
Considerable difficulty has heretofore been encountered in procuring
and laying a thin lead pipe of the necessary circumference required-for
economizing the outlay in this system of irrigation from the fact that it has
been found quite impracticable to manufacture a sufficiently thin lead

page_text: pipe of from two to two and a half inches circumference for the
purpose of irrigation by a fixed or stationary press, and to coil it
in long lengths suitable for being conveyed to the place where it
is required for use, and where it would have to be uncoiled again in
the operation of laying, which would have the effect of injuring if not
of destroying the said pipe. By the use of a portable or travelling.
press, however, all the difficulties and objections herein-before stated
are obviated, as the pipe is both manufactured on the spot and laid
or deposited in its proper place as fast as it issues from the press,
consequently-coiling_and_uncoiling are rendered unnecessary.
.
The pumps and engine employed for working the press will be separate
therefrom and mounted on a portable base or truck of their own and
connected by jointed pipes with the cylinder of the press.
Although I do not confine or restrict myself to any particular form
or arrangement of portable lead pipe press, I have illustrated one, as an
example, which has been found to answer well in practice on the
annexed Sheet of Drawings, wherein Figure 1 represents a side elevation
and Figure 2 a plan of a portable lead pipe press.
A, A, are four bearing wheels which support the main hydraulic
cylinder B, water ram C, lead ram D, and lead container E, all disposed
in the same axial line horizontally. F, F, are strong ties for uniting
the lead container E with the bydraulic cylinder B. The lead pipe G
issues through the usual die at the end of container, and is deposited
upon the ground or surface prepared to receive it by imparting a slow
travelling motion to the press by any convenient or well-known means,
much in the same way that a telegraph cable is laid from the stern of a
slowly moving vessel. Or in lieu of the press being made to travel
whilst expressing the pipe it may remain stationary and the pipe be
drawn along over the ground by hand as fast as it issues from the die.
H is the pipe connected with the force pumps on the separate travelling
base for supplying the hydraulic cylinder.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the manu-
facture "in sitú" by means of a moveable or portable lead pipe press,

page_text: the pipes required for irrigation purposes, and the laying or depositing
of the same as fast as they issue from the press, substantially as and for
the purposes herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Brown, have to this my
Specification set my hand and scal, this Twenty-first day of
February One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
ISAAC BROWN. (L.S.)