IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO ROLLERS OF MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER ROLLERS WHICH ARE PRESSED TOWARDS EACH OTHER
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Oxley, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Mill Furnisher, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE
TO ROLLERS OF MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES,
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER ROLLERS WHICH ARE
PRESSED TOWARDS EACH OTHER."
Sealed the 13th October 1865, and dated the 25th April. 1865..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Oxley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
April 1865.
I, WILLIAM OXLEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Mill Furnisher,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
APPLICABLE TO ROLLERS OF MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER ROLLERS WHICH
ARE PRESSED TOWARDS EACH OTHER," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to an arrangement of apparatus whereby the attendant
of a machine is enabled to ascertain the amount of pressure to which the
rollers are submitted. For this purpose I apply an index of weight, a Salter's
balance, for instance, to the spring used to draw the rollers together, or to the
weighted lever used for the same purpose. By these means, therefore, tho
pressure imparted to the rollers is indicated.
Another arrangement for effecting the same object consists in obtaining the
pressure by a weighted lever, which lever I graduate with a scale of weights
so as to shew that a weight applied at a certain place represents a certain
amount of pressure put upon the rollers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Oxley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th
October 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
OXLEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Mill Furnisher, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Queen Victoria, by Her Letters Patent,
bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Oxley, Her special license, that I, the said William Oxley,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Oxley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS APPLICABLE TO ROLLERS OF MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER ROLLERS
WHICH ARE PRESSED TOWARDS EACH OTHER," upon the condition, amongst others,
that I, the said William Oxley, by an instrument in writing under my band
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Oxley, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
:-
My Invention consists in a method of pressing rollers used in preparing and
spinning flax and other fibrous materials towards each other, whereby I am
enabled to ascertain at all times the actual amount of force exerted to effect
the said pressure, the Invention being also applicable to other rollers which
require to be weighted.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 represents a pair of rollers used in
spinning flax and weighted according to my Invention.
The rollers of the usual construction are at a, b. At c is a fixed rail, to
which is attached an arm d, its outward end being jointed to a lever e which

page_text: also carries another armf pressing against the axle of the roller a. The lower
end of the lever e is formed with a hole, within which is a rod 9 provided with
a screw thread and nut h. The end of the rod g has a nut i situate within a
tube in which there is a coil spring and rod and piston m, the whole con-
stituting a "spring balance." The end of the rod m is provided with a book n
by which it is attached to a fixed rail o.
The balance is shewn detached in section at Fig. 2. It will now be seen
that the elastic force of the spring I will draw forward the lover e through the
medium of the nut h, and will thus cause the arm f to press the roller a against
the roller b with a force that may bo regulated at pleasure by adjusting the
nut h. The rod m is formed with a flat side, as seen in the cross section
Fig. 3, and upon that there is a scale which at all times shews the number of
pounds pressure which is exerted upon the rollers.
Another method of accomplishing the object of my Invention is shewn at
Fig. 4. The rollers a, b, and arms d, f, are as abovo described, but in this
instance the lever e, instead of being bent downward, extends horizontally
at e*, and upon it is a weight p which forces forward the arm f, as in the
other instance. The lever c* is graduated in pounds weight, and by shifting
the weight p the precise amount of load upon the rollers is indicated.
lever with a weight capable of being shifted on to different notches so as to
vary the leverage, is I am aware, in common use, but so far as I am aware
such notches have never represented definite amounts of weight put upon the
rollers.
A
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I desire it to be understood
that I do not limit myself to the precise arrangements of apparatus shewn and
described, but claim as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters
Patent, the use of a spring balance or other graduated apparatus which will
indicate the amount of pressure put upon such rollers as aforesaid.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Oxley, bavo bereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
WILLIAM OXLEY. (L.B.)