Improvements in Hydraulic and other Fluid Pressure Valves.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 17th Apr., 1894-Accepted, 9th June, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic and other Fluid Pressure Valves.
| MARK ELLIS KIRBY of No. 107 Jack Lane Hunslet Leeds in the County
of York Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention consists of a combination of valves for the purpose of controlling,
regulating, and distributing hydraulic or other fluid pressure, and is described as
follows.
I provide an inlet valve closing on a seat provided in what I will call the
distribution chamber in the valve casing enclosing the valve, the said inlet valve is
provided with a spindle which passes through the central part of the said inlet
valve seat, and is connected to a piston working in a cylinder of larger diameter
than the said inlet valve, the space between the end of said cylinder and piston
I will call the exhaust chamber which communicates with the atmosphere or waste
pipe, within the said exhaust chamber I provide what I will call an exhaust valve,
closing on a seat provided on the body of the said piston and which communicates
by means of a hole continuing from the said exhaust valve seat, through the piston
and inlet valve spindle to the distribution chamber, the said exhaust valve is
connected to and actuated by a screw or lever or their equivalents.
In operating my invention, the water or other fluid pressure enters by a passage
provided in the said cylinder, between the face of the inlet valve and the piston,
which tends to keep the inlet valve closed on its seat against the fluid pressure, to
open the inlet valve, the exhaust valve is forced against its seat on the body of the
piston by means of the screw or lever with sufficient force to overcome the
resistance offered by the fluid pressure acting on the piston tending to keep
the valve closed, and the inlet valve is thereby opened and the fluid pressure is
allowed to flow into the distribution chamber and thence by a pipe or otherwise to
where it is required to perform its duty.
To close the inlet valve, the pressure is relieved from the exhaust valve by
means of the said screw or lever and the inlet valve closes accordingly till it comes.
upon its seat and closes against the fluid pressure, the exhaust valve can then be
opened by means of the said screw or lever and the fluid is allowed to pass from
the distribution chamber through the hole provided in the inlet valve spindle and
by the exhaust valve into the exhaust chamber, and thence to the atmosphere or
waste pipe, the extent to which the inlet and exhaust valves open is regulated by
the amount of travel given to the exhaust valve by means of the said screw or
lever.
Doted thin 17th day of 11, 1902
MARK ELLIS KIRBY.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic and other Fluid Pressure Valves.
I MARK ELLIS KIRBY of No. 107* Jack Lane Hunslet Leeds in the County
of York Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
1
My invention consists of a combination of valves for the purpose of controlling,
regulating and distributing hydraulic or other fluid pressure and is described as
follows
I provide an inlet valve closing on a seat provided in what I will call the
distribution chamber in the valve casing enclosing the valve. The said inlet valve is
provided with a spindle which passes through the central part of the said inlet
valve seat and is connected to a piston working in a cylinder of larger diameter
than the said inlet valve. The space between the end of the said cylinder and the
said piston I will call the exhaust chamber which communicates with the
atmosphere or waste pipe. Within the said exhaust chamber I provide what I
will call an exhaust valve, closing on a seat provided on the body of the said
piston, and which communicates by means of a hole continuing from the said
exhaust valve seat through the piston and inlet valve spindle to the distribution
chamber. The said exhaust valve is connected to and actuated by a screw or
lever.
To
In operating my invention, the water or other fluid pressure enters by a passage
provided in the said cylinder between the face of inlet valve and the piston. The
said pressure acting with greater force upon the said piston than upon the said
inlet valve tends to keep the said inlet valve closed against the said pressure.
open the inlet valve, the exhaust valve is forced against its seat on the body of the
said piston by means of a screw or lever with sufficient force to overcome the
resistance offered by the fluid pressure acting on the piston and the inlet valve is
thereby opened and the fluid pressure is allowed to flow by the inlet valve into the
distribution chamber and thence by a pipe or otherwise to where it is required.
To close the inlet valve the pressure is relieved from the exhaust valve by means
of the said screw or lever and the inlet valve closes accordingly till it comes upon
its seat and closes against the fluid pressure. The exhaust valve can then be
opened by means of the said screw or lever and the fluid is allowed to pass back
from the distribution chamber through the hole provided in the inlet valve spindle
and by the exhaust valve into the exhaust chamber and thence to the atmosphere
or waste pipe.
•
The extent to which the inlet and exhaust valves open is regulated by the
amount of travel given to the exhaust valve by means of the said screw or lever.
Valves constructed on this plan are capable of being made water tight by means
of leather or other suitable packing.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood, reference may be made
to the accompanying one sheet of drawings,
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section and Figure 2 is a cross section through the
inlet valve spindle at that part where it passes through the hole in the inlet valve
seat.
A is the cylinder. B the piston. C the inlet valve spindle. D the inlet valve.
E the exhaust valve. F the exhaust valve spindle that actuates the exhaust valve.
Ga hand wheel on end of exhaust valve spindle. H the distribution chamber.
I the exhaust chamber. J the fluid pressure supply passage to cylinder. K the
pressure passage from distribution chamber. L the exhaust passage through inlet
valve spindle and piston. N the exhaust passage communicating with the
atmosphere or waste pipe.
Figures 1 and 2 show an arrangement of my invention of what I will call a

page_text: single acting hydraulic valve which may be used with advantage where alternate
pressure and exhaust is required to actuate the pistons or rams of various kinds of
hydraulic machinery requiring the fluid pressure to act on one side of the pistons
or rams only and its action is described as follows,
The fluid pressure enters the cylinder A through the passage J, the exhaust
valve E being open as shown the inlet valve D will be closed on its seat by the
force of the fluid pressure itself acting on the piston B which is of larger area than
the inlet valve D.
To open the inlet valve D the threaded spindle F is actuated by the hand
wheel G so as to move the exhaust valve E towards its seat on the body of the
piston B and the exhaust valve E is thereby closed on its seat on the body of the
piston B, the exhaust valve E is then pressed against the body of the piston B by
means of the threaded spindle F with sufficient force to overcome the resistance
offered by the fluid pressure in the cylinder A acting on the piston B and the
piston B then partakes of the motion given to the exhaust valve E and moves in
the cylinder A and opens the inlet valve D and allows the fluid pressure to flow
into the distribution chamber H and thence by the passage K to where it is
required to perform its duty. When the inlet valve D is open the exhaust valve E
is kept closed on its seat on the body of the piston B by the force of the fluid
pressure in the cylinder A acting on the piston B which presses against the exhaust
valve E and keeps it closed against the fluid pressure in the distribution
chamber H.
To close the inlet valve D the threaded spindle F is actuated so as to allow the
exhaust valve E to move in a receding direction from the body of the piston B
the piston B moves with and presses against the exhaust valve E with the force of
the fluid pressure in the cylinder A acting on the piston B till the inlet valve D
closes on its seat, the piston B then remains stationary in the cylinder A so long
as the inlet valve D remains closed. The exhaust valve E can then be opened by
means of the threaded spindle F and a communication is thereby made between the
distribution chamber H and the exhaust chamber I and the fluid is allowed to pass
from the distribution chamber H by the passage L and by the exhaust valve E
into the exhaust chamber I and thence by the passage N to the atmosphere or
waste pipe.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section and Figure 4 is a cross view through exhaust
chamber showing one modification or arrangement of my valves for what I will
call a double acting or duplex valve which may be used to actuate the pistons or
rams of various kinds of hydraulic machinery requiring alternate fluid pressure and
exhaust to act alternately on both sides of the pistons or rams. It may also be
used as a reversing valve."
In this arrangement I employ one cylinder in two parts jointed together as shown,
I also employ two inlet valves and pistons, two distribution chambers, two exhaust
valves and one exhaust chamber. I dispense with the threaded exhaust valve
spindle hereinbefore described in place of which I provide a block that works in
the cylinder between the two pistons as shown for the purpose of carrying and
actuating the two exhaust valves which also actuates the pistons to open the inlet
valves in such a manner that one inlet valve is closed before the other inlet valve
can open and when the block is in its central position of travel both exhaust valves
remain partially open and both the inlet valves remain closed. Either of the inlet
valves can then be opened as determined by the direction of travel of the block.
The fluid pressure supply to the cylinder between each of the two inlet valves and
pistons is communicated by the port or passage J. The two exhaust valves I
place between the ends of the two pistons which space forms the exhaust chamber
and communicates with the atmosphere or waste pipe by the passage O.
The two
exhaust valves are fixed on the ends of the guide block P and are actuated by the
levers Q and R.
I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise details

page_text: hereinbefore described and illustrated on the accompanying sheet of drawings as
the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
Firstly. The combination of an inlet valve and a piston of larger area than the
inlet valve, and an exhaust port or passage passing through the inlet valve spindle
and piston, and an exhaust valve, arranged substantially as herein before described
for the purpose of controlling, regulating, and distributing fluid pressure to various
kinds of machinery..
Secondly. The arrangement of two or more of the herein before described valves
for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 16th day of April 1894.
MARK ELLIS KIRBY.