A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING SCREW NUTS AND OTHER HOLLOW ARTICLES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of Chancery Lane, London, for
the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR
FORMING SCREW NUTS AND OTHER HOLLOW ARTICLES."-A communication
from abroad by Carl Gustaf Gustafson, of Jönköping, Sweden.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th July 1875.
I, PETER JENSEN, of Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS OF AND
Apparatus For Forming Screw NUTS AND OTHER HOLLOW ARTICLES,” (a com-
munication to me from abroad by Carl Gustaf Gustafson, of Jönköping,
Sweden,) to be as follows:-
Reciprocating movement is imparted to a slide or sliding block
working in guides by connecting rod and crank shaft or other well
known means. A pair of shears are arranged in connection with the
slide, for which purpose the slide may be fitted with two rollers working

page_text: in slots formed in a pair of shear levers, and imparting shearing motion
to them and to a pair of chisel formed shears. A disc is fitted on a bolt
on the standard of the machine, and is actuated by a crank pin taking
into notches in the disc; the crank pin is actuated from the crank shaft
by spur and bevel wheel gear, so as to cause the disc to revolve at
double the speed of the crank shaft.
The slide has stops for detaining the disc when it is released from the
crank pin. On a fly wheel on the crank shaft or on any other part
connected therewith is formed a cam or cam groove, from which by
levers, weigh shaft, and connecting rod, or equivalent means, a recipro-
cating movement is imparted to a flat ended punch working in and out
in a tube or socket fastened to the sliding block. The sliding block has
also a pointed punch and a blunt punch or mandril. A third likewise
blunt punch or mandril is attached to the slide by an arc piece or
bracket.
The standard of the machine also contains a punch, which by means
of a small cam is made to move to a slight extent towards the slide.
The mode of operation is as follows:-The highly heated end of an
iron bar of about the width and height of the nuts to be produced is
pushed in so far that it pushes back a spring against the shears, which
then shear off a piece of iron of suitable size for the nut to be formed
thereof. The mandril on the aforesaid bracket pushes it into one of the
nut dies in the disc, when the slide now changes its direction of motion.
The crank pin gives the disc an eighth of a turn before the aforesaid
pointed punch reaches the disc, which is then first stopped; the punch
is pointed partly in order to make the hole in the nut with as little loss
of material as possible, and partly in order to expand the picce of iron
under treatment, so as to fill the dio as much as possible; but before
the pointed punch reaches the piece of iron the punch in the standard of
the machine enters the die slightly from the opposite side, and forms
there an abutting bottom. When the disc, after the slide has changed
direction of motion, has made another eighth of a turn, and has been
stopped by one of the aforesaid stops, then the socket in the slide enters
from the other side in order to press it from that end, and in the same
moment the corresponding flat ended punch advances and completes the
hole in the nut. When the disc has had another eighth of a turn the
nut is pressed out of the disc by means of the mandril or pitman on

page_text: the bracket, being in all respects perfectly shaped and while still red
hot.
The mechanism of the machine may of course be varied in many
ways, and square, hexagon, or any other form of nut or similar hollow
articles may be so produced so long as the main features of this Invention
are maintained. The appliance for determining the distance of entry of
the bar moves out of the way of the piece cut off.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 8th January 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
JENSEN, of Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Peter Jensen, Her special licence that
I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS
OF AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING SCREW NUTS AND OTHER HOLLOW ARTICLES," (a
communication to me from abroad by Carl Gustaf Gustafson, of
Jonkoping, Sweden,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Peter Jensen, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing, under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent. .
4

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Jensen, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings
and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to say :-
T
६

page_text: to the slide B. The pointed punch B' and the blunt punch or mandril B³
(see Figs. 1 and 3) are screwed into the slide B; the mandril B® is
also by means of the arc piece or bracket B' attached to the slide (see
Fig. 3). The punch A³ (see Fig. 2) moves to a small extent in the
standard towards the slide; for this purpose the gudgeon A³, which is
formed with a shoulder or cam, is placed across its upper end, and
receives a quarter turn from the gudgeon A* on the slide by means of
a joint piece at its outer end (see Fig. 1). A' is a spring on the
standard, formed as shewn, and the two shears L' are formed as also
shewn at Fig. 6.
To form the nuts rolled iron bars of about the same width and weight
as the nuts are employed. After highly heating the end of such a bar X
it is pushed in so far that it meets the spring A*. The chisel formed
steel shears L' (see Fig. 6) while the spring A5 is pushed back will
shear off a piece of iron of suitable size for the nut to be formed thereof,
which piece is then by the mandril B³ pushed into one of the nut dies of
the disc L³, when now the slide changes its direction of motion, then the
pin of the crank Y³ gives the disc an eighth of a turn before the pointed
punch B' reaches the disc, which is first stopped by the piece B³. The
punch B is pointed partly in order to make the hole in the nut with as
little loss of material as possible, and partly in order to expand the piece
of iron under treatment, so as to fill the die as much as possible; but
before the pointed punch B' reaches the piece of iron the punch A
enters the die slightly from the opposite side, and forms there an
abutting bottom. When the disc, after the slide has changed direction
of motion, has made another eighth of a turn, and has been adjusted or
stopped by the piece B', then the socket H³ in the slide enters from the
other side in order to press it from that end, and in the same moment
the punch H¹ advances and completes the hole in the nut. When the
disc has had another eighth of a turn the nut is forced out of the die by
means of the mandril or pitman B°, being in all respects perfectly shaped,
and while still red hot. The appliance for determining the distance of
entry of bar moves out of the way of the piece cut off.
The mechanism of the machine may of course be varied in many ways,
and square, hexagon, or other form of nut or similar hollow articles may
be so produced; I do not therefore lay particular stress on the details of
moving parts as herein set forth, although I also claim the arrangements
as set forth; but I claim in addition thereto,-