IMPROVEMENTS IN FLUES, AND IN HEATING AIR, AND IN EVAPORATING CERTAIN LIQUIDS BY HEATED AIR
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
SYMINGTON, of Trafalgar Place, West Hackney Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, CHARLES FINLAYSON, of Manchester, Engineer, and
JOHN REID, of the same place, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-second day of
March, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the fifteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said William Symington, Charles Finlayson, and John Reid, our exors,
admors, and assigns, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that we, the said William Symington, Charles Finlayson, and John
Reid, our exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Symington, Charles Finlayson, and John Reid, our exors, adiñors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in the Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark,
and Man, and also in all Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad,
our Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FLUES, AND IN HEATING AIR, AND IN
EVAPORATING CERTAIN LIQUIDS BY HEATED AIR;" in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso that we, the said William Symington, Charles Finlayson,
and John Reid, some or one of us, shall cause a particular description of

page_text: the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the
hands and seals of some or one of us, to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
William Symington, Charles Finlayson, and John Reid, do hereby declare
that the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in which the same
is to be performed, are fully described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and
to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists,-
First, of improvements in the construction of flues.
Secondly, our Invention consists of improvements in apparatus used for
beating air and in evaporating certain liquids by heated air.
And in order that our Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the means pursued by us.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a flue; Figure 2, a transverse
section through the line E, F, Figure 1; Figure 3 is a transverse section
through the line A, B, Figure 4; and Figure 4 is a plan consisting of an
external casing of metal and an internal coating of clay or earthenware tubes
of short length, the object in thus combining metal with the use of short
lengths of clay or earthenware tube is to obtain the strength of the metal and
the advantage of the clay and earthenware tubes in such form that, being in
numerous parts, an injured clay or earthenware tube may be readily removed
and replaced by another. The earthenware tubes may be made to come
simply in contact end to end, or they may be so made as to enter cach other
at the ends, as is well understood in making clay or earthenware tubes for
other purposes. The metal tube may be made of one length or it may be of
several lengths, for the convenience of separating the parts to get out a
defective clay or earthenware tube which requires to be replaced; this will
be understood by reference to the Drawing at a, a, where the exterior metal
tube is of two parts, which are connected by another metal tube of rather
larger diameter, as is shown; such combined tubular flues will be found very
advantageous for heating air for the warming of apartments and other places
where it is desired that the metal tube against which the air comes should not

page_text: be so heated by the fire as to injure or decompose the air which comes in
contact with the metal. We would remark that we are aware that metal
flues have before been lined with clay or earthenware tubes, but in such
cases the clay or earthenware tubes have been in one length agreeing
in length with the metal flue, and, therefore, in the case of one part
becoming injured or defective, the whole clay or earthenware tube has
required to be removed. It should therefore be understood that this
part of our Invention consists of using several comparatively short lengths of
tubes of clay or earthenware to line a metal flue in order to admit of those
parts quickly injured being removed and replaced without the necessity of
removing other parts less liable to become injured, and such combined flues
may be used under a great variety of circumstances, and whenever metal
flues are required to be protected from being so greatly heated as they other:
wise would be if the metal were unprotected by clay or earthenware tubes.
The apparatus shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 is for heating air on a level
with or below the floor of a room or other place, a being the fireplace; b, the
compound flue; f, the junction of the two parts of the metal flue, as above
mentioned; C, air flue made of earthenware or brick or stone, the flue f being
supported over it upon the cross bars C*. Through these flues C the air
passes and becomes heated, and then passes in any direction according as
suitable pipes or passages conduct it, and a supply of air is obtained to the
flue C by valves d, d, by which the quantity allowed to pass can be regulated,
and, by having gratings or openings in the floor above, the air from the space
below, and which is heated by the passage of the flue b, may pass freely to
the room above and heat it.
Figures 5 and 6 show two sections of a steam boiler with tubular metal
flues through it, in which are placed a series of short tubes of clay or earthen-
ware of different diameters, by the use of which linings a great advantage
will be obtained.
Figure 7 shows a longitudinal section of an apparatus for heating air and
evaporating saccharine liquids. A, pipes which the air while passing through
becomes heated; B, discs, which we prefer to be about forty in number, and
attached to a spindle through their centre, and kept three quarters of an inch
apart by means of collars. The spindle rests in bearings on either side of the
pan. The spindle is made to revolve from ten to fifteen times per minute by
means of a pulley and band, causing the discs to continually change the point
of immersion, which insures the whole of their surface being covered with the
fluid, at the same time the heated air is made to pass between the discs as
they emerge from the fluid in the pan, which causes a rapid evaporation of the

page_text: watery particles. C, flue passing from the heating apparatus under the pans
1 and 2, under also the clarifier; D, damper to shut off the heat of the fire
from the pan No. 1 when required; E, cold air inlet; F, passage for con-
ducting the heated air to the discs; G, covering to pan, which is to be
arranged so as to admit of the liquid being introduced and removed from the
pan; H, pipe for the escape of vapour. We would remark that we are
aware that discs have before been employed in pans for evaporating saccharine
. liquids, and heated air has been employed in conjunction therewith to aid the
evaporation, we do not, therefore, claim the same when separately considered,
this part of our Invention being peculiar in having the same means or furnace
to heat the air-heating apparatus and also the pans, as shown.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, we would have it
understood that we do not confine ourselves to the details herein described so
long as the peculiar character of either part of our Invention be retained.
But what we claim is,-
First, the improvements herein described of combining the use of external
metal flues with internal linings composed of short lengths of clay or earthen-
ware tubes.
And,
Secondly, we claim the means of heating air and evaporating certain liquids
by heated air.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Symington, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of September, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-two.
W. (L.S.) SYMINGTON.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourteenth day of September,