Improvements in Projectiles.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 9th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 9th Feb., 1895
Improvements in Projectiles.
I, CHARLES JOURDEAN STUART, of No. 186 Mountain Street, in the City of
Montreal, in the District of Montreal and Province of Quebec, Canada, Student,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to projectiles of the composite type, i.e. composed of
metals of different densities and has for its object to so construct the projectile
that it will fulfill the several requirements as to the maintenance of correct position
in the line of flight and the retention of its original form to secure the better
penetration of the object fired at, by very simple and inexpensive structural
features.
These features may be briefly described as consisting of first the combination of
a hard metal ribbed core with a dense metal filling between the ribs, secondly, the
projection of the ribs of the core beyond the filling at the forward end only of the
projectile, thirdly, the special construction of the core in several pieces; fourthly,
the curving or bending of the projecting parts of the core to a shape calculated to
ensure the rotation of the projectile when travelling through the air, and fifthly,
in the extension of the core rearwardly beyond the filling and the enclosure of
such extended part by a cylindrical sleeve whereby the lightening, through
absence of dense metal filling, of the forward end of the solid portion of the
projectile shall not cause the centre of gravity to be located in rear of the centre
of the length of the projectile but forward thereof.
Dated this 9th day of February 1894.
.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
I, CHARLES JOURDEAN STUART, of No. 186 Mountain Street, in the City of
Montreal, in the District of Montreal and Province of Quebec, Canada, Student,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to projectiles of the composite type, that is to say,
composed of metals of different densities, and has for its object to so construct the
projectile that it will fulfil the several requirements as to the maintenance of
correct position in the line of flight and the retention of its original form, to secure
the better penetration of the object fired at, by very simple and inexpensive
structural features.
These features may be briefly described as consisting of, first, the combination of
a hard metal ribbed core with a dense metal filling between the ribs, secondly,
the projection of the ribs of the core beyond the filling at the forward end only of
the projectile, -thirdly, the special construction of the core in several pieces ;--
fourthly, the curving or bending of the projecting parts of the core to a shape
Price Bl

page_text: calculated to ensure the rotation of the projectile when travelling through the
air, and fifthly, in the extension of the core rearwardly beyond the filling, and
the enclosure of such extended part by a cylindrical sleeve, whereby the lightening,
through absence of dense metal filling, of the forward end of the solid portion of
the projectile shall not cause the centre of gravity to be located in rear of the
centre of the length of the projectile, but forward thereof.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings shews separately three blanks used in
constructing the hard metal core of the projectile ;
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a completed core,
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the complete projectile; Fig. 4 a face view.;
Figs. 5, 6 and 7 transverse sections of the projectile respectively on lines xa,
yy and of Fig. 3, and
Fig. 8 a perspective view of the completed projectile.
The first feature of my invention consists in the combination of the hard metal
ribbed core and the soft metal filling, and I prefer to construct such core of three
strips a b c of sheet metal (preferably steel) of the form shewn in Fig. 1, the one
end being pointed, and each strip slitted centrally of its width, the one a having a
slit a extending from the flat end for about three-quarters of the length and
leaving an intact portion a' at the pointed end; the strip b baving a slit b
extending from the pointed end for about half the length and leaving an intact
portion at the flat end, and the strip c having slits c¹ and c³ extending the one
from the pointed and the other from the flat end for such distances as will leave
an intermediate intact portion ea that will come to be between the inner ends of the
slits a and b of the strips a and b when the three are interlocked with each other
to form the complete core as shewn in Fig. 2.
Each of these strips a b c has perforations e through it to allow the dense
metal filling, as hereinafter described, to pass through and bind core and filler
firmly together.
The strips are also cut away or narrowed as at f along each side so that the
enclosing sleeve g for the rear portion of the core is flush with the forward edges
of the core, and this sleeve g also has perforations g' to receive the dense metal
filling, hereafter described, in order to lock it in place.
The sleeve g fitted over the rear portion of the core and, in order that the
forward ends of the plates forming the core may be curved or bent to the shape
shewn in Fig. 3, the forward end is held at the point and the body portion
is turned or twisted slightly this being carried out in any suitable twisting
machine.
The core and sleeve having been set together and the forward end of the core
twisted, the structure thus formed is set on its pointed end in a suitable mould
with inward projections or cores to fit into and partially fill the spaces between the
forward curved parts of the core abc and a quantity of dense metal / preferably
lead, in a molten condition is introduced and the structure is filled up to about
half its length as shewn in Fig. 3, the molten metal passing through the apertures
in the core plates abc and the sleeve g thus binding the hard metal core and
sleeve g solidly together, and leaving the extreme forward portions of the core plates
projecting beyond the surface of the filling for the purpose before mentioned of
securing the rotation of the projectile as it travels through the air.
If desired, a cast metal core could be used instead of the core formed of several
pieces as described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A projectile having a body composed of a ribbed core of hard metal and a
filling of denser metal, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In a projectile such as is above referred to, constructing the core by slitting
and interlocking several metal plates, substantially as described.

page_text: 3. In a projectile such as is above referred to, twisting the front portions of the
plates, composing the core, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 9th day of November 1894.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.