IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING CARPETS AND SIMILAR FABRICS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Youngjohns, of Kidderminster, in the County of
Worcester, Mechanic, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING CARPETS AND SIMILAR FABRICS "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Youngjohns at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th October 1882.
WILLIAM YOUNGJOHNS, of Kidderminster, in the County of Worcester, Mechanic,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING CARPETS AND SIMILAR FABRICS
"
My invention relates chiefly to looms of that class known as "Moxon" looms,
and has for its object to simplify and improve the construction of the wire motion,
and thereby reduce the wear of the parts and enable the loom to be driven at
a higher rate of speed than has hitherto been practicable.
"
In Moxon looms as heretofore constructed, the heads of the wires are arranged to
slide to and fro in grooves in a table or "hopper slide," that is to say, the head of
the wire slides in a groove parallel with the raceway of the loom while the wire is
being withdrawn from the carpet or other fabric by the " hopper or sliding block,
and the said head slides in a groove at an angle to the first one when the said wire
is being re-inserted in the fabric. To move the free end of the wire from its
position when withdrawn to that necessary for its re-insertion in the fabric, a
horizontal lever is pivotted at one end and rests upon a support at the other end,
near which is fixed to it an arm or "beak" to engage with the wire, and the said
lever is adapted to be moved in one direction by means of a pin or arm projecting
from the said sliding block or "hopper" and to be held by a catch until the wire is
withdrawn from the fabric, when the said lever is moved to its original position by
the force of a weight after the said arm or projection has acted upon the said catch
and released the lever. This arrangement involves a considerable amount of labour
in the manufacture of the loom and moreover it renders the parts liable to a great
amount of wear when the loom is worked at a high speed.
According to my invention I dispense with a number of the parts heretofore
employed and I construct the loom in the following manner, that is to say, I employ
the sliding block or hopper" for withdrawing and re-inserting the wire, and the
Pains 71
แ

page_text: "
hopper-slide having the two grooves in which the wire-head is adapted to slide, as
in the ordinary Moxon loom, but in place of the lever and other parts for moving
the free end of the wire from one position to the other, I employ an arm operated
by suitable mechanism in such a manner that it will move to and fro at right
angles to the raceway or lathe bottom of the loom. This arm is fixed at one end
to a horizontal bar or rod carried in one or more suitable bearings attached to the
frame of the loom and at the other end the said arm has a fork or beak to engage
with the wire. The underside of the said beak is in contact with the upper surface
of the table or "hopper slide' so that, as the said beak is moved to and fro,
the wire cannot slip under the same. The said bar or rod is, according to one
arrangement, connected to one end of a lever pivotted on a pin or stud fixed to the
frame of the loom; the other end of the said lever is provided with a stud carrying
a friction roller which runs upon a cam fixed upon the lower or treadle shaft, and
which is held against the said cam by the force of a spring attached at one end to
the said lever and at the other end to the frame of the loom. The said cam is so
constructed that the said arm will move once to and fro for every two beats of the
lathe. By means of this improved construction the number of working parts of
the wire motion is considerably diminished as compared with that heretofore
employed and the wear and tear are consequently reduced. Moreover, a loom
provided with wire motion constructed according to this invention can be worked
at a much higher rate of speed than the looms as heretofore constructed, and does
not require such frequent repairs.
It is obvious that I may employ other means than those above described for
imparting to-and-fro motion to the said arm and sliding bar or rod, for the purpose
of moving the free end of the wire as above set forth.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Youngjohns in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th April 1883.
WILLIAM YOUNGJOHNS, of Kidderminster, in the County of Worcester, Mechanic,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING CARPETS AND SIMILAR FABRICS"
My invention relates chiefly to looms of that class known as "Moxon" looms
and has for its object to simplify and improve the construction of the wire motion
and thereby reduce the wear and tear of the same and enable the loom to be driven
at a higher rate of speed than has hitherto been practicable. For this purpose I
provide improved means or devices whereby the free ends of the wires, after they
have been withdrawn from the fabric, are moved into position to be inserted in the
shed, as hereinafter set forth.
"
"
to
In Moxon looms as heretofore constructed, the wire motion is made in such a
manner that the head of each wire slides to and fro in grooves in a table or
hopper-slide," that is to say, the said head slides in a groove parallel with the
raceway of the loom while the wire is being withdrawn from the carpet or other
fabric by the "hopper" or sliding block, and the said head slides in a groove at
an angle to the first groove when the said wire is being inserted in the shed. To
move the free end of the wire from its position when withdrawn, to that necessary
for its insertion in the shed, a horizontal lever is pivotted at one end and resta
upon a support at the other end, near which is fixed to it an arm or "beak
engage with the wire, and the said lever is arranged to be moved in one direction
by means of a pin or arm projecting from the said sliding block or "hopper," and to
be then held by a catch until the wire is withdrawn from the fabric, when the said
lever is moved to its original position by the force of a weight, the said arm or
projection having acted upon the said catch and released the lever. This mode of
construction involves a considerable amount of labour in the manufacture of the
loom and renders the parts of the wire motion liable to a great amount of wear
when the loom is worked at a high rate of speed.
According to my invention I employ the sliding block or bopper" for with-
drawing and re-inserting the wire, and also the hopper-slide having the two grooves
in which the wire-head is adapted to slide, as in the ordinary Moxon loom, but in
place of the aforesaid lever and other parts for moving the free end of the wire
from one position to the other, I employ the improved means or devices hereinafter
described.
In the accompanying drawing I have illustrated how my said invention may be
conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a side elevation showing the improved means or devices for moving
the wire from one position to the other
Figure 2 is a plan thereof, and
Figure 3 is a rear elevation of the same.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts in these Figures
a represents a vertical arm which is fixed at its upper end to a horizontal bar or
rod b carried in the bearing c attached to the frame d of the loom. The other end
of the arm a is made with a fork or beak a' to engage with the wire.
The arm a and bar or rod b are arranged to be moved to and fro at right angles
to the lathe-bottom or raceway of the loom.
The underside of the fork or beak a' is in contact with the upper surface of the
table or "hopper-slide" (which is not shown in the drawing) so that, as the said
beak is moved to and fro, the wire cannot slip under the same. The bar or rod b

page_text: is, according to the arrangement shown in the drawing, connected to one end of the
levere which is pivotted on the pin or stud f fixed to the frame d of the loom.
The other end of the lever e is provided with a pin or stud 9 carrying a friction
roller g which runs upon the periphery of the cam h fixed upon the lower or treadle
shaft i
The roller g¹ is held in contact with the cam h by the force of the spring k
attached at one end to the said lever and at the other end to the frame of the loom.
The cam his constructed in the manner shown in the drawing so that the arm a
will be moved once to and fro for every two beats of the lathe and will not interfere
with the movements of other parts of the loom.
When a wire has been withdrawn from the fabric in the ordinary manner, the
free end of the wire is engaged by the fork or beak a', the cam h permitting the
spring k to move the rod b and arm a towards the rear of the loom until the free
end of the wire is in position to be inserted in the shed. The insertion thereof is
effected in the ordinary manner and the cam h then acts upon the lever e in such a
manner as to move the arm a forward and thus permit the withdrawal of another
wire from the fabric.
It will thus be seen that by my invention the number of working parts of the
wire motion is considerably diminished as compared with looms heretofore
constructed, and the wear and tear are consequently reduced. Moreover, a loom to
which my improvements have been applied can be worked at a much higher rate of
speed than the looms as heretofore constructed and will not require such frequent
repairs.
It is obvious that I may employ other means than those above described for
imparting to-and-fro motion to the arm a for the purpose of moving the free end
of the wire as above setforth.
Having thus fully described my said invention and the manner of performing
the same, I wish it understood that I claim :-
In a loom for weaving carpets or similar fabrics, the employment of a vertical
arm having a fork or beak at its lower end and arranged to be reciprocated by the
mechanism above described, or by other suitable mechanism, for the purpose of
moving the free ends of the wires, after they have been withdrawn from the fabric,
into position to be inserted in the shed.
In witness whereof I the said William Youngjohns have hereunto set my
hand and seal this twelfth day of April in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty-three.
Witness
THOMAS W HUGHES.
119 Lorne Street,
Kidderminster.
WILLIAM. YOUNGJOHNS
(L.S.)