A NEW COMPOSITION FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BREAD
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Courtenay Kingsford, of Fenchurch Street, in the
City of London, Merchant, for the Invention of "A NEW COMPOSITION FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF BREAD."
Sealed the 22nd August 1862, and dated the 25th February 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Courtenay Kingsford at
the Office of the. Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th February 1862.
I, COURTENAY KINGSFORD, of Fenchurch Street, in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " A NEW
COMPOSITION FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BREAD," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in a new composition for baking, whereby yeast or
other fermenting agent may be dispensed with. I form. my composition of
flour, tartaric acid, ground rice, bicarbonate of soda, and common salt. Or I
substitute for any of the ingredients, except the flour; any other substances
that will, on the addition of moisture, slowly, yield carbonic acid, and thereby
render the bread porous; or such other substance as on being itself entirely
volatilized during the process of baking will, in its escape, produce a similar
effect.

page_text: I use of the first mixture about the following proportions to each sack of
flour of 196 lbs. weight:-
Tartaric acid
16 ounces.
Bicarbonate of soda
- 25
""
- 33
"
Ground rice
Common salt
- 13 "
But I reserve the power to alter these proportions. Or in case I employ a
wholly volatile salt (such as carbonate of ammonia), I add it in the proportion
of about 1 part to every 100 parts by weight of wheat flour.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Courtenay Kingsford in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th August 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, COURTENAY
KINGSFORD, of Fenchurch Street, in the City of London, Merchant, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Courtenay Kingsford, Her special licence that I, the said Courtenay
Kingsford, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Courtenay Kingsford, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"A NEW COMPOSITION FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BREAD," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Courtenay Kingsford, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Courtenay Kingsford, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement thereof, that is to say :-
The object of this Invention is to form such a composition with flour as
will, when submitted to the usual mixture with water or milk for the purpose
of making dough, give rise to the escape of carbonic acid gas in sufficient
quantity to "lighten" or "make porous" the dough, and so render yeast or
other fermenting agent unnecessary.
Having stated the nature of my Invention, I proceed to describe the
mixture I prefer to use.
I grind into fine powder, separately, tartaric acid, bicarbonate of soda, and
common salt, and I mix them thoroughly together in the following proportions,
that is to say-
251 ounces.
Tartaric acid
Bicarbonate of soda
-
-
27
"
Common salt
14
دو
Making together
66 ounces, which I mix
with 196 pounds of flour, taking care that the whole mass is completely
incorporated. In some cases I add a small quantity of ground rice. The
composition, prepared as aforesaid, is then ready for the making of dough.
Although I prefer to use tartaric acid, bicarbonate of soda, and common
salt in the proportions described, I reserve to myself the right to vary thoso
proportions, and the right to substitute for the bicarbonate of soda, carbonate
of soda, carbonate of potash, or carbonate of ammonia; and for the tartaric
acid, either citric acid or bitartrate of potash.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is be performed, I declare that I claim the new composition,
herein-before described, for the manufacture of bread.
In witness. whereof, I, the said Courtenay Kingsford, have hereunto set
my hand and seal this Twenty-fifth day of August One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-two.
COURTENAY KINGSFORD.
L.S.)