IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR CONSUMING SMOKE
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Desnos, of Bedford Street, Strand, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
FOR CONSUMING SMOKE."-A communication from Mr. Coullard Descos, of
Paris.
Sealed the 8th August 1856, and dated the 16th June 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Desnos at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
June 1856.
I, CHARLES DESNOB, of Bedford Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FURNACES FOR CONSUMING SMOKE," a communication, to be as follows:-
This furnace for consuming smoke is composed of a chamber which has
three apertures, one at the side for feeding the furnace with fuel, another at
the end, the whole width of the furnace, to place there the nozzle of a pair
of bellows, &, lastly, a third opening facing the second mentioned opening, &
communicating to the flue for the escape of the products of combustion.
The chamber is divided into two compartments by a grating nearly horizontal.
This grating does not run the whole length of the chamber in such manner
that there is left a passage under which the blast pipe blows, the said blast
pipe being placed under the grate, which, as has been stated, is nearly hori-
zontal, A second grating, sloping vertically, resting on the first grating;

page_text: closes the opening for the escape of the products of combustion. The fuel is
placed on the first grating, & kept in place by the second grating. In
burning, the smoke from it goes in the upper part of the chamber, and then
the smoke is made to pass in the lower part by the current of air that the
blast pipe makes under the grate; it is mixed with the atmospheric air sent
by the blast pipe, & repairs under the grate, where it is entirely burnt at
the contact of the burning coal, it then escapes by the flue.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Desnos in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th December 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
DESNOS, of Bedford Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Charles Desnos,. Her special licence that I, the said Charles Desnos, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles
Desnos, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR
CONSUMING SMOKE," a communication from Mr. Coullard Descos, of Paris,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles Desnos, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Desnos, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-

page_text: My Invention consists in so enclosing the ash-box or pit of furnaces that
the air necessary to combustion is impelled by the chimney draft to enter
the furnace quickly, and in taking advantage of the low air pressure above
the fuel in the furnace to draw the gases resulting from the distillation of the
coals, and causing them to pass, together with the fresh air, through the
carbonized fuel in the furnace.
In the annexed Drawings, which illustrate my Invention, Figure 1 is a
longitudinal vertical section of the furnace, and Figure 2 a transverse vertical
section of the same on the line a, b, Figure 1. Similar letters denote like
parts in the Figures where they recur.
A, A, is the furnace bars or grate on which the fuel is placed, which fuel
rises above the upper level of the flue to the chimney, so that the draft thereto
passes through the bulk of the fuel; D, D, grated opening or panel forming
the entrance to the chimney flue H, against which the fuel rests; B, metallic
plate extending over the whole width of the furnace, which it divides in two
parts, one of which, E, remains free for the passage of smoke; C, C, is the
entrance passage of the air into the ash-pit. The draft produced causes a
current of air to enter rapidly at C, and to pass directly into the ash-pit, and
up through the furnace bars or grate A, A. The current and direction of the
air thus given causes the smoke resulting from the distillation of fresh fuel, fed
at F, to pass from F over partition B down into the ash-pit, where it mixes
with the fresh air, and is with it carried through the mass of incondescent fuel
lying on the grate A, A, of the furnace, and so to the flue II, whereby the
smoke is consumed.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is or may be carried into effect, I claim as new, and therefore
to be secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, the
smoke-consuming furnace above described, in which the chief feature is the
return or conduct of the gases and smoke, or products of combustion arising
from fresh fuel, at once into the ash-pit, and through the incondescent part of
the fire, by the action of the draft, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Desnos, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.