Improvements in Aerial Routes, and connected with the Distillation, Storage, and Supply of Water.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 22nd June,, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 22nd June, 1896-Accepted, 29th May. 1397
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Aerial Routes, and connected with the
Distillation, Storage, and Supply of Water.
I, Miss CLARA LOUISA WELLS, residing at Toulon (Le Var), France, to be addressed
aux soins du Vice-Consul Anglais, M. Jouve, Toulon, (Le Var), France, of no calling
or profession, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention consists of localities, where will be established, routes of aerial or
other locomotion, by means of steam, or electricity, produced by the motive power of
water, distilled, either from the sea, or from lakes, or rivers, or marshes, or wells.
Besides this use for the water, it can be otherwise employed, by means of reservoirs,
in size and number, proportioned to the demand.
This distribution may be partial; that is, effected directly to carts, or vehicles of
suitable construction, or for general use; for cities, towns and villages, by means of
tubes and fountains, by the same system with which spring-water is usually introduced
to such places.
When the position of the reservoirs is sufficiently elevated, the water can be used
as motive power, sent down through canals, or large tubes, and the force may be
great, when a series of machines, placed on successive heights, may carry the water
to a considerable elevation, where, reservoired, it may serve whatever .nse, and
especially, to produce electricity and steam for aerial routes, railways, general and
partial illumination, as well as for the industries employing steam and electricity, or
condensed air, produced by the same bydraulic force.
One of the industries to be connected with these centers, may be that of baths,
and drying rooms, and of heating to certain grades, for health and comfort in winter.
And as, to cool distilled water, and to condense it more quickly, ice-houses may
be added to the centers, there may be also adjoined, rooms in which the temperature
will be diminished to certain degrees, for health and comfort in the summer.
The water for drinking, may pass over filters giving the same flavor as have the
best springs, as granite, clay etc. and the materials used in the construction of the
machines and reservoirs, will be so chosen, that the water will be kept pure, the more,
that distilled water, when well-preserved, does not spoil, or putrify, as ordinary
water.
Also, the water of marshes, purified by distillation, will demonstrate another system
of drainage, and our centers of aerial locomotion, of distilled water, with the various
industries combined, will be also centers of drainage.
.Since, establishing the said center, near a marsh, reservoir after reservoir, may be

page_text: filled with water, drawn from the marshes, and distilled, performing thus, two good
works, namely, drying the ground, and supplying water to the locality.
In appropriate sites, may be added to such centers, other establishments, for the
inhalation of ozone, oxygen, compressed air, and perfumes, adapted to reinforce the
health and strength, as the eculyptus, pine, etc., distilling and evaporizing them, as
done with the water, and then, concentrating these odors in separate rooms, so
constructed, that, on entering, will be inhaled, the air of the perfume chosen, for
health or for pleasure.
Industrial drying rooms may be added, since, the heat, produced by the
condensation of the water, may heat, also, the air, transportable to other places, to
dry clothes, grains. etc., and may furnish means of heating other buildings.
The electricity, furnished by the steam-force, may serve for illumination, as motive
power for the aerial routes, etc., and to produce the ozone and oxygen in the inhaling
rooms, or for kitchens, if desired, for ironing and the like. It may aid, also, in the
formation of ice, and the distillation of water, separating it into its elements, and
reconstructing it, without the deleterial substances.
Details. Supposing that the water to be distilled, is from the sea, (by means of
steam).
A pump is planted on the coast, or near a sea-marsh, and the water is raised by
means of tubes, furnished with filters at the extremities; or, from the sea, the purest
possible water is drawn, by means of long tubes, passing beneath the water, which,
on its arrival at the boiler, is at once vaporized, and sent to the reservoirs, (and
repeated boilers, if necessary to maintain the vaporisation), on the successive heights,
serving, thence, the various uses, for locomotion, aerial and terrestrial, for agriculture,
the various industries, and for the production of electricity, air, condensed, heated
and cooled, and the different gases, while, for household uses, it will enter reservoirs,
constructed with filters and air-pumps, as heretofore described.
Then, the tubes containing this water, distilled, filtered and aerated, but possibly
not yet sufficiently cool, may pass through a deposit of ice, (manufactured in the
same center, or merely collected there), and will then enter the reservoirs, constructed
similarly to those used on the railways, but well enameiled inside, and protected, since
distilled water, covered, does not spoil.
From these reservoirs, (in sufficient number to meet the needs of the locality), the
distribution, partial, or general, will be made.
For the general distribution, there are three modes of operation. Firstly, the
steam may be sent, by means of tubes, (covered with material adapted to keep in the
heat), as far as the town, desiring the general distribution, where, the steam may
condense, in a position sufficiently elevated, to furnish the city with water, by means
of tubes, exactly as if it were spring-water.
Secondly, the steam may, if desired, pass directly to the houses, first heating
them, and then, entering into small, local condensors and reservoirs.
Or, reservoirs may be placed on a hill, in a high position, with the necessary
condensors, and the vapor sent there, through covered tubes, after the heating of the
buildings, returning to them, again, as water.
:
Thirdly, by means of pneumatic or other pumps, successive centers will be made,
all connecting together, to furnish sites, at whatever distance, or height, with
distilled water, for drinking, or for industrial, or agricultural purposes, in connection
with the aerial routes, and other modes of locomotion.
Also, the water, merely condensed, without aeration or filtering, may descend from
these centers, in canals or cascades, for industrial or agricultural uses, with a power;
corresponding to the height attained.
Instead of using sea-water, may be distilled, in the same way, well-water;
(combining the wells by means of tunneis), river, or lake-water, or even marsh-water,
using, in this case, tubes with filters at the extremities, and condensors, with
compartments expressly constructed for the separation of the material deposited in
the water, and by increasing the number of the reservoirs, both at the level of the
marsh, and at the centers above, when the drying of the ground is also desired..

page_text: In some of the condensors, water will be used, to produce the immediate
condensation of the steam, and then, this water, first cold, and afterwards heated, in
the process of condensing the steam, may serve for bathing and washing houses,
and, also, descending. from the elevated centers, for, heating buildings and other-
industries.
If, however, the condensation is effected in other condensors, by air,-this, also,.
receiving the vapor's heat, may serve for heating buildings, for thermometrical heating,
of rooms, for invalids; and for drying purposes, as, also, the same air, before
entering the condensors, made still colder, by passing through the ice-deposit, may
cool edifices, or enter rooms, expressly constructed, carried, also, through tubes to
hospitals, or other buildings, to produce a grateful refreshment to the ill, or, in
summer, to cool dwellings and public buildings.
With this cooling and heating of the air, it is easy to add hygienic and agreable
perfumes, to the air passing through the tubes, generally, or to special rooms of
inhalation, where, by the aid of the electricity, furnished in these centers, inhalations.
of ozone, oxygen, and compressed air, may be added.
Also, may be used, the motive-power, producible by the expansion of heated air,.
and, on the reverse principle, by the contraction of cooled air, both systems.
being extremely adapted to producing the movement on the aerial trains, as well as
for balloons and the like.
To reduce, the expenses, when these centers are near other steam-manufactories, the-
smoke of these may be acquired, to be used as combustible, conveying it to the
centers, by means of tubes, either subterranean, or curved, of iron; since, after-
decomposing the smoke, in the adapted receptacle, the combustible material, still
unconsumed, may be used in our centres.
And, also, the steam of other manufactories, may be introduced into our condensors,..
by means of covered tubes.
Vice-versa, these centers may furnish smoke and steam, to other industries, when
desired.
These centers of distilled water will furnish, appropriately, the motive power, either-
by steam, produced and employed directly; or by the steam, employed indirectly, in
the production of electricity, compressed, heated, or cooled air, or the different gases,.
eliminated by a process of condensation, also effected by steam.
These different motors can be applied, at will, to the aerial routes, or suspended.
funiculars, or other modes of aerial locomotion, in which, the carriages move on
metallic cords, drawn forwards and backwards, and up and down, by means of
stationary locomotives, or moved directly, by electricity, air, compressed, heated, or
cooled, or by different gases.
I propose to extend these cords on supports, of iron, (of form and strength.
proportional to the weight they are to maintain), along the coasts, and over the
mountains, valleys, and rivers, by the most direct and shortest routes possible, in-
conjunction with the above-described centers.
In this way, every coast and locality can be furnished with pure water, both to
drink, and to use in agriculture and industry, and, also, with a rapid and convenient
means of transportation, of inerchandise and of passengers, in the shortest lines
possible, between maritime, and inland, or other sites.
I also propose to establish these centers, on artificial islands, when necessary for the
establishment of the suspended aerial routes, to shorten the distances to traverse..
These islands will be constructed on the system of, the Tower of Eiffel, and
surmounted by constructions, adapted to the use of the aerial routes, in conjunction
with the centers, above described.
These artificial islands were invented by the subscriber, and included in the
Complete Specification No. 15,850, A.D. 1890, entitled "Wells' Improvements in
Aerial Locomotion," printed by the London Patent Office, and copyrighted, as well as
introduced as Patent in Italy, and still in force, with all taxes paid.
When the centres of distilled water are remote from the coast, the aerial routes.

page_text: will unite these centers, passing the rivers and mountains, easily, by the shortest
possible lines.
The invention consists of two systems, one for merchandise and the other for
passengers.
The carriages for the merchandise, may he suspended higher than those of the
passengers, which should be as low as possible, and of form similar to those used
on the funiculars, so that the level will be always maintained.
The motive power may remain at the centers, principally, except for the possible
use of traction-machines, running with the carriages; and, in these centres will be
developed, the steam; air, conipressed, heated, or cooled electricity; or gases;
necessary for the movement of the aerial train, or other railways.
Towers, Eiffel, or other shape, will support the metallic cords; of height, and
frequence, expressly calculated for maintaining all, without danger; the beams and
platforms being of, iron and strong materials. The cords will be more than double
the strength necessary to maintain the weight, and like the submarine cables.
Numerous balloons may be added, to lighten the weight of the vehicles, underneath
which, may be introduced, if desired, compartments, so constructed, as to lessen, also,
the weight.
Every group of four metallic cords, two above, and two below, at the four
corners of the carriages, and passing them within strong rings,-will form the
aerial routes, upon which, will run the vehicles, for merchandise, and for passengers,
(the latter as low as possible), and another system of traction-cords, will draw them
up and down, forward and back, as on the funicular railways.
Having now particularly described and ascertained, the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim as novelty in this Complete Specification, is;
1. The establishment of centers of aerial locomotion.
2. The establishment of centers for distilled, or simple water, hot and cold, for
general, or partial, distribution.
3. The establishment of centers, for hot, cold, or compressed air.
4. The establishment of centers of steam, and of electricity, and of the different
gases, producible by the use of steam, and their application to any means of
Locomotion.
5. The transportation of these productions to cities, or towns, or lands, for industries,
agriculture, and hygienic uses.
6. The establishment of appropriate industries, using these productions, in, or
near these centers, see above.
7. The use, as motive power, of these productions, in, or near these centers, or
transported to the localities, desiring them an especial novelty being that of cooled
air, producing motion by contraction, in contrast with that of heated air, by
expansion.
8. The purchase and sale of smoke and steam, by and from these centers, as well
as of electric, aerial, and volatile products.
9. The drying of marshes, by the vicinity of such centers, and their establishment
on artificial islands.
10. The descent through tubes, or canals, of even sea, or other water, distilled,
(or condensed, merely,) and useful, for irrigation, or motive power..
Dated thin th day of June AD
180
MISS CLARA LOUISA WELLS.
To be addressed-
Aux soins du Vice-Consul M. Jouve, à Toulon, (Le Var), France.