IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CASTORS
Year: 1850

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BENJAMIN
HINLEY, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Brassfounder, send
-greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifth day of December,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty, in the fourteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Benjamin Hinley, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, Her espécial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Benjamin Hinley, my
exors, adñmors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Benjamin Hinley,
my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CASTORS;" in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso that I, the said Benjamin Hinley, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be
inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.

page_text: shows a section of the same castor; Figure 3 shows a socket castor, and
Figure 4 is a section thereof; Figure 5 shows a castor which is fixed by a
screw and plate; Figure 6 shows a section thereof. And I would here state
that the forms of the parts of castors when made according to my Invention
may be varied, my Invention relating to the formation of the axes of castors
with reference to their being retained in their positions within the cast
portions of the horns of the castors, and yet admit of the parts turning freely.
In making the axes on which the horns of castors (or parts carrying the
rollers or wheels) are to turn, the same are to be made with protuberances or
grooves, or both, so that when closed within the cast metal they will not come
out, yet allow of the parts turning freely. The lower parts of these vertical
axes of castors may be wholly enclosed, as shewn in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4,
or the same may come through, as shown at Figures 5 and 6. The forms of
axes a, a, may be varied, but those shown are such as I generally use. The
axes I prefer to be of wrought iron, but they may be of malleable cast iron or
of other metal which will not unite with the cast metal of the horns or parts
which carry the rollers or wheels of the castors when the same are cast
thereon. These axes a are laid into the moulds used for casting the horns or
parts which receive the wheels, or rollers, as cores, so that when casting the
horns thereon the lower parts of such axes will be wholly or partly covered
with the cast metal, and the axes will be retained securely from coming out
by reason of the grooved or enlarged parts, or by both these means, according
to the judgment of the workman. And in order to prevent the cast brass or
metal used cooling too tightly on the parts of the axes which are enclosed
within the cast metal, the axes a at those parts are to be coated over before
being put into the moulds with any suitable powder, such as black lead, or

page_text: others which will retain its character notwithstanding the heat of the melted
metal. This powder I mix with water, or beer, or other fluid, and apply the
same by a brush to the parts of the axes which are to be enclosed in the cast
metal, and when such matters are dry the axes are ready to be placed in the
moulds. The castors thus made are then to be dressed and finished in the
usual manner.
The casters are then warmed, and a small quantity of oil
applied so as to pass to the axes a, when the parts may be turned and the
casters will be ready for use.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood, that I do not confine
myself to the details shown and described, as the same may be varied, so long
as the peculiar character of the Invention be retained; but what I claim is
the mode herein described of constructing the axes, and casting thereon the
horns or parts of castors which carry the wheels or rollers.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Hinley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-one
Enrolled the Fifth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-one.