Improvements in Apparatus for Burning Gas for Illuminating, Heating, and Cooking Purposes.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Burning Gas for Illuminating,
Heating, and Cooking Purposes.
I, JOSHUA HORTON of 12 Waterloo Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
Gas Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus to be used in burning gas
for illuminating and heating, and which may also in some cases be employed for
cooking and it consists principally in the adaptation to an ordinary Argand or like
burner of a tube and blower whereby a current of highly heated air is caused to
impinge on the inside of the flame at or near the point where it issues from the
burner. The tube, which is open at its lower and closed at its upper end, passes up
through the interior of the burner the part of the tube above the burner being
perforated with a series of holes around its circumference for the passage of air
outwards from the interior of the tube into the blower which may consist of a cylin-
drical vessel but has preferably three several diameters in its length. At its upper
end the blower is screwed or otherwise secured on the upper part of the air tube,
or it may be otherwise retained in position, and immediately below the said screwed
part the blower is widened out in diameter so as to leave a concentric or annular
space between it and the exterior of the air tube. This widened out part is
preferably, but not necessarily parallel to the length of the tube and from its lower
end the blower is still further widened out this portion having preferably a bulbous
formation imparted to it, the lower extremity of the bulb being a short distance
above the holes or passages in the burner through which the gas issues.
The gas,
in being consumed, heats the blower, which is made of cast or malleable iron or
other refractory material to a white heat, the effect of which is to impart a high
heat to the air passing into the blower from the perforated tube and the air when
so heated, flowing down and out through the lower end of the blower, which is
concentric with the tube, and acting on the root of the flame imparts a high degree
of luminosity to it. Air, to act on the outer side of the flame, is as with an
ordinary Argand burner supplied through a wire gauze or other perforated disc at
the lower part of the burner and from which a tube may extend upwards to near
the flame if desired, the products of combustion passing up to the funnel through
a conducting tube which is concentric with the blower and between which and the
latter an annular channel is made.

page_text: In adapting the improvements hereinbefore described to lamps for illuminating
purposes a gallery also surrounds the lower part of the burner to receive a glass
globe, the said globe in some cases constituting the conductor above referred to in
which instance the upper part of the globe is funnel shaped but under other
arrangements a separate funnel of any desired height extends from the upper part
of the globe and conductor through which the products of combustion pass off.
In adapting the improvements to stoves for heating purposes the body of the
stove may be composed of corrugated sheet iron or other refractory material and
the products of combustion allowed to circulate freely through its interior and out
through an opening at the top, or the stove may be composed of a base wherein the
burner and its accessories are situated and a hollow upper part or capital connected
to the base by a series of tubes through which the products pass up from the base
into the capital being thence discharged through slits or openings in the circum-
ference of the capital, or the stove body, (in the adaptation of the improvements to
this as also to cooking purposes,) may be arranged in any other convenient manner.
Dated i: Tlith day of May, 1002

page_text: Heating, and Cooking Purposes.
I, JOSHUA HORTON of 12 Waterloo Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
Gas Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus to be used in burning gas for illuminating
and heating and which may also be employed in cooking and it principally consists
in the improved adaptation to an ordinary Argand or like burner of a tube and
blower whereby a current of highly heated air is caused to impinge on the inside
of the flame at or near the point where it issues from the burner and whereby
especially in regenerative lamps some of the common disadvantages, such for
instance as throwing the ceiling of the apartment in shadow, sooting up of the air
channels when a slight excess of gas is allowed to pass, the necessity for special
and different arrangements to suit individual applications, are overcome.
On the accompanying drawings figure 1 is in part an elevation and in part a
vertical section of a regenerative gas lamp constructed in accordance with my said
Invention and as shewn by the said figure the lamp is provided with a vertical
tube a, passing up through the interior of the burner b the tube being open to the
atmosphere at its lower and close ended at its upper extremity, the air to support
combustion instead of coming from above being thus drawn up from below the
lamp. The tube a passes up through a collar or flange c made centrally in the base
plate or disc d, and it is supported by a shoulder or ruff e which rests upon the
upper end of the burner b. Between the said shoulder or ruff and the upper end
of the tube a a series of holes or openings g are made circumferentially around the
tube these holes permitting the air to pass out from the tube into a cap h, which
constitutes the blower or regenerative chamber the said cap resting upon a seat i
formed on the tube a above the holes g to receive it, or the blower may be screwed
on to the air tube or otherwise retained in position. Between the lower end of the
blower, which is terminated above the part of the burner through which the gas
issues and the circumference of the tube a, an annular space j is left through which
the air passes out from the blower and impinges on the inside of the flame.
The gas issues from the burner b through a series of circumferential holes or
passages and in being consumed it highly heats the blower h which may bo
composed of cast iron or other refractory material the effect of which is that as the
air is drawn up through the tube a, and down through the blower h by the draught
of the chimney 7, the air in passing through the blower is also highly heated and
inpinging on the inside of the gas flame it imparts an increased luminosity to it.
Air to act on the outside of the flame is introduced through holes or passages
at m as is well known and practiced with Argand burners and from which passages
a directing tube n extends upwards as shewn. The flame on being ignited at once
extends to the base o of the chimney and by the arrangement adopted the blower
or air heating chamber h is got of small dimensions and as there are in the lamp no

page_text: small air tubes or tortuous passages for the products of combustion to pass through
or indeed obstructions of any kind the flame lights up the ceiling immediately over
the top of the lamp instead of throwing it in shadow as usual with other con-
structions. The free passage,up the chimney also admits of a very large excess of
gas being allowed to pass without any tendency whatever to soot up any part of
the lamp.
In order to keep the chimney as low as possible its base o is suspended from the
top of the globe p and passes down into it to a point nearly level with the flame, so
shortening the height of the lamp and by reason of the arrangement for the supply
of air and the comparative smallness and lightness of the lamp it can be used on
ordinary gasaliers, brackets or other usual gas fittings.
Figure 2 of the drawings illustrates in vertical section an adaptation of the
Invention to stoves for heating purposes.
The body of the stove may be composed of corrugated or plain sheet iron or
other refractory material and the products of combustion allowed to circulate
freely through its interior between the plate or disc a¹ and the top, through which
they pass off through an opening or flue, or instead of so freely circulating the
products may pass up through a series of tubes extending from a base plate above
the burner to a hollow space made in the upper part or capital of the stove being
thence discharged. through a pipe or flue or through slits or openings in the
circumference.
Any desired number of burners both in this and in the adaptation for cooking
purposes may be provided in the stoves according to the amount of heat it is
required the stove should be capable of producing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
In regenerative gas lamps and in stoves for heating and cooking purposes the
arrangement and combination of the air tube a and blower or regenerator h
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described with reference to the
drawings annexed.