IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Hayward, of Everton, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS
FOR RAISING WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS."
Sealed the 25th April 1862; and dated the 29th October 1861:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Hayward at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
October 1861.
I, JOHN HAYWARD, of Everton, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR
APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in raising water for the pur-
pose of draining marshes or fens, irrigation, lifting sewage from a lower to a
higher level, for draining towns, supplying domestic wants, or other purposes.
In carrying out my improvements, I take a tank or reservoir capable of
being made air-tight by suitable valves or cocks. This tank is placed so as to

page_text: receive the contents of a stream of water, which flows into and fills it by gravi-
tation, and is emptied as hereafter described. Connected with this tank by
an air pipe (which is made of such dimensions as are required to afford a free
passage of the air when the apparatus is in use) is another tank, placed at a
suitable height above the water or other fluid to be lifted, and also made air-
tight by suitable valves (this tank may be either above or below the level of
the first-named tank.) The water being admitted into the first chamber or
reservoir, fills it; the valve then shuts against the admission of water, and at
the same time an exit valve is opened. The water in going out forms a partial
vacuum. This acts upon the second reservoir by means of the communicating
pipe before referred to, and the partial vacuum thus formed in the second
reservoir lifts the water from the fen, marsh, sewer, or other place to be
drained, or from which it is to be raised into the tank or reservoir. When
filled, the inlet valve to this tank or reservoir shats and the egress valve opens,
causing the delivery of the water thus raised at its required level. Should the
water require to be lifted or delivered at a height above that which the head
of water supplying the first reservoir will give, the same process may be
repeated by having two or more of these apparatus fixed at suitable levels.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Hayward in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th April 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HAYWARD, of Everton, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said John Hayward, Her special licence that I, the said
John Hayward, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said John Hayward, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS, FOR RAISING WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS,"

page_text: upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Hayward, my execu-
tors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Hayward, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in raising water for the pur-
pose of draining marshes or fens, irrigation, lifting sewage from a lower to a
higher level, for draining towns, supplying domestic wants, or other purposes..
In carrying out my improvements, I take a tank or reservoir, which may be
made of any suitable shape or size capable of being made air-tight by suitable
valves or cocks. This tank is placed so as to receive the contents of a stream
of water which flows into and fills it by gravitation, and is emptied as hereafter
described. Connected with this tank by an air pipe (which is made of such
dimensions as are required to afford a free passage of the air when the appa-
ratus is in use) is another tank, placed at a suitable height above the water or
other fluid to be lifted, and also made air-tight by suitable valves (this tank
may be either above or below the level of the first-named tank). The water
being admitted into the first chamber or reservoir, fills it; the valve then shuts
against the admission of water, and at the same time an exit valve is opened;
the water in going out forms a partial vacuum. This acts upon the second
reservoir by means of the communicating pipe before referred to, and the
partial vacuum thus formed in the second reservoir lifts the water from the
fen, marsh, sewer, or other place to be drained or from which it is to be raised
into the tank or reservoir. When filled the inlet valve to this tank or reser-
voir shuts and the egress valve opens, causing the delivery of the water thus
raised at its required level. Should the water require to be lifted or delivered
at a height above that which the head of water supplying the first reservoir
will give, the same process may be repeated by having two or more of these
apparatus fixed at suitable levels.
And in order that my Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into practice, I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto
annexed.

page_text: .
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The tanks or reservoir a, which may be of any suitable shape or size, is
capable of being made air-tight by suitable valves or cocks b; this tank is
placed so as to receive the water supplied by a stream c, which flows into and
fills it (the tank) by means of pipes c¹ by gravitation, and it is employed as
hereafter described. Connected with this tank by an air pipe d (constructed of
suitable dimensions to afford a free passage for the air) is another tank e,
placed at a suitable height above the water or other fluid to be lifted, and also
made air-tight by suitable valves e¹, e', and this tank may be either above or
below the first-named tank. The water being admitted by means of the pipe
cinto the first chamber or reservoir a, fills it; the valve then shuts against
the admission of water, and at the same time an exit valve 6 is opened, the
water escaping into the stream. The water in going out forms a partial
vacuum; this acts upon the second reservoir by means of the communicating
pipe d, and the partial vacuum thus formed in the second reservoir lifts the
water by means of the pipe f from the fen or other place to be drained into
the tank or reservoir.
When filled, or when the action of the valves of the upper reservoir changes,
as above described, the inlet valve on the lower reservoir e¹ shuts, the egress
valve e¹ opens, and the water is delivered out of the tank at the height to
which it was proposed to be lifted. When there is a sufficient head of water,
the water drawn into the lower reservoir e may be forced up to a higher level,
as shewn in red lines at es, by causing the water in the pipes e¹ to force or com-
press the air in the reservoir a, and by closing the exit valve e³ on the exit pipe
of the tank e, the water will be forced to rise to such higher level as is in pro-
portion to the height of the supply stream passing through the pipe c¹;
should the water require to be lifted to a greater height than the head of
water supplying the first reservoir will give, two or more of these apparatus
may be used, but lifting at different levels.
Having thus fully described the nature of my Invention, and an arrange
ment of apparatus shewing the principle on which it depends, and the manner
in which the same may be carried into practice, I would have it understood
that I do not confine myself to the exact details nor to the particular arrange-
ment of apparatus herein described, so long as the peculiar character of my
Invention be retained, as the arrangement of the tanks, pipes, reservoirs, and
valves may be greatly varied to suit the various purposes and situations to which
the Invention may be applicable; but what I claim is the means or apparatus

page_text: herein described, or any similar arrangement thereof for raising water or other
fluids.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Hayward, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
J. G. TONGUE,
Patent Agent,
JOHN HAYWARD. (L.S.)
34, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, W.C.