IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WATER-PROOF GARMENTS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Tulloch Goudie, of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Waterproof Clothing Manufacturer, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WATER-PROOF GARMENTS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Tulloch Goudie at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th February 1881.
JAMES TULLOCH GOUDIE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Waterproof Clothing Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
WATERPROOF GARMENTS."
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of water-
proof garments designed to allow a free ventilation, or the passage through them
of perspiration or heated emanations from the bodies of the wearers, and of cool air
from the outside to the inside, while preventing the admission of external moisture.
The improvements are applicable to water-proof coats, capes, cloaks, jackets, and
other similar garments, made principally of water-proof material. In carrying out
the Invention as applied to a water-proof coat, or similar garment, I form slits or
openings transversely or obliquely across the back part or across the back part and
'fronts," preferably in a line a few inches below the arm pits, for the purpose of
admitting cool air, and I also make at the part of the garment where it is usually
joined to the collar an opening or openings by which the heated emanations may
escape. For the purpose of ensuring a free circulating of air around the shoulders
and upper parts of the body of the wearer, and at the same time of preventing the
ingress of water through these openings, I make the back and front parts or the
back part in two divisions, an upper and lower one. The upper part or division I
overlap over the under division for a space sufficient to prevent the ingress of water
or moisture through the openings. I attach, by sewing or cementing to the upper
ends or edges of the cloth forming the lower division or divisions of the garment,
porous or unproofed cloth, of which I form an inner lining or layer of the same
shape as the outer form of the garment, and which 1 join to the collar in the usual
Price R71

page_text: way. The inner lining or layer is made of a slightly smaller size than the outer or
waterproof portion of the garment so as to prevent the latter pressing closely on the
body of the wearer, and sufficient ventilation is thereby secured, while the water-
proof character or quality of the garment is retained. The opening or openings at
the top of the back or back and front parts of the garment may be covered so as to
prevent the ingress of water or moisture, either by a flap attached to the collar or
by attaching the inner half or side only of the collar to the inner lining or layer
already described, and making the outer half or side of the collar to project over,
or overhang the opening or openings at the top of the back part or back and front
parts of the garment.
The water-proof coat or garment so made in accordance with this Invention,
presents an external appearance not differing materially from the ordinary forms,
but the ventilating openings or flaps overlapping them may be made to give an
ornamental appearance or effect.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Tulloch Goudie in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd August 1881.
JAMES TULLOCH GOUDIE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Waterproof Clothing Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
WATER-PROOF GARMENTS."
My said Invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of
water-proof garments designed to allow a free ventilation, or the passage through
them of perspiration or heated emanations from the bodies of the wearers, and of
cool air from the outside to the inside, while preventing the admission of external
moisture. The improvements are applicable to water-proof coats, capes, cloaks,
jackets, and other similar garments made principally of water-proof material.
And in order that my said Invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood, I have hereunto appended for that purpose a Sheet of
explanatory Drawings to be presently referred to, and representing modification of
my improvements as applied to water-proof coats.
Figure 1 of these Drawings is a back view of a modification of an improved
water-proof coat made in accordance with my Invention, and Figure 2 is a
longitudinal vertical section of the same; Figure 3 is a back view of a modified
form or "make" of the improved coat; Figure 4 shows the improved ventilating
coat illustrated in Figure 3 as fitted to the person, and Figures 5 and 6 show detail
views of slightly modified arrangements for covering the ventilating apertures.
دو
In carrying out the Invention as applied to a water-proof coat or similar
garment, and as indicated in the Drawings, I form slits or openings transversely or
obliquely across the back part or parts at A, or across the back parts and "fronts
at A and A', preferably in a line a few inches below the armpits, for the purpose of
admitting cool air, as indicated by the arrows, and I also make at the part of the
garment where it is usually joined to the collar C, an opening B or openings B, B¹,
by which the heated emanations may escape. For the purpose of securing a free
circulation of air around the shoulders and upper parts of the body of the wearer,
and at the same time of preventing the ingress of water through these openings, I
make the back and front parts, or the back part alone in two sections or divisions,
an upper one A2 and lower one A¹. The upper or outer part or division A² covers
an inner layer or lining A³, and the under division or section A, as shown in
Figure 2, for a space sufficient to prevent the ingress of water or moisture through
the openings A, A¹. I attach by sewing or cementing to the upper ends or edges
of the water-proof cloth, forming the lower division or divisions A of the garment,
porous or unproofed cloth, of which I form an inner lining or layer A³ of the same
shape as the outer form of the garment, and which I join to the collar C in the
usual way, as is indicated in Figure 2. The inner lining or layer A³ is made of a
slightly smaller size than the outer or water-proof portion A2 of the garment, so
as to prevent the latter pressing closely on the body of the wearer, and at the same
time allowing the cool air entering by the openings B, B', to carry off the heated
emanations arising from the body of the wearer, while the water-proof character or
quality of the garment is retained. The opening or openings B, B¹, at the top of
the back parts, as in Figure 1, or back and front parts of the garment, as in
Figure 3, may be covered so as to prevent the ingress of water or moisture, either.
by a flap C attached to the collar C, as in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, or by attaching
the inner half or side C' only of the collar to the inner lining or layer A³ already
described, and making the outer half or side C of the collar to project over or
overhang the opening or openings B, B¹, at the top of the back part or back and
front parts of the garment, as shown in Figures 5 and 6.

page_text: The water-proof coat or garment so made in accordance with this Invention
presents an external appearance, not differing materially from the ordinary forms,
but the ventilating openings or flaps overlapping them may be made to give an
ornamental appearance or effect, as is indicated in Figure 4.
In Figure 1 the collar is shown as turned up to indicate more clearly the
attachment to the collar of the flap C², which is shown in full lines, while the
ventilating outlets underneath the flap are indicated by dotted lines. In Figure 3
the collar is represented as turned down, and the attachment of the flap C2, as well
as the outlet openings B, B1, are indicated by dotted lines. The ventilating passage
between the inner unproofed and outer water-proof layers A³, A2, of the garinent is
well shown in Figure 2.
In some cases I fix a band or strap of an elastic material or texture across the
shoulders of the garment at or near the dotted line D in Figure 4, and preferably
between the outer and inner layers A2, A3, as in Figure 2, for the purpose of con-
tracting the inner lining A³, and causing a greater separation between the outer
layer of water-proof material A² and the body of the wearer of the garment, and
thus increasing the space for the passage of air from the openings A, A, to the
openings B, B.
The improved coat or garment may be made without the inner lining of porous
cloth, by connecting the upper and lower division or divisions by straps or bands
of water-proof or other material, or by using porous cloth underneath the openings
only in such a manner as to preserve the outward form of the garment, and leave
free ventilating space as before described.
Cloaks, jackets, and other similar garments made in accordance with my said
improvements are similarly formed with ventilating passages. In every case there
are inlet openings formed in the back or back and front parts of the garment,
giving a passage up to and through the outlet openings at or near the collar, such
inlet and outlet openings being by preference overlapped or covered to prevent
ingress of water or moisture, in the manner previously described:
Having thus particularly described my said Invention, and the manner in which
the same is performed, I wish it to be understood that what I consider to be novel
and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
The forming of water-proof coats, jackets, cloaks, and other similar garments
with or without an inner layer or lining of unproofed or porous cloth, with
ventilating inlet openings in the lower body, and corresponding outlet openings at
or near the collar of the garment, substantially as and for the purposes herein set
forth in reference to the accompanying Drawings, or any mere modification
thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Tulloch Goudie, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentysixth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
.
Witness,
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER, C.E.,
96, Buchanan Street,
Glasgow.
JAMES T. GOUDIE. (L.S.)