Improvements in or relating to Circular Flame Gas Burners.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
Improvements in or relating to Circular Flame Gas Burners.
We, HENRY DARBY, WALTER DARBY, ION DARBY, and JOHN HENRY PUNCHARD,
all of 249, Pentonville Road, King's Cross, London, N.W., Manufacturers, and WILLIAM
CHARLES PUNCHARD, of 151, Cannon Street, London, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to circular flame gas burners, novel and striking effects being
produced according to the present invention; the flame having very much the
appearance of the present well-known incandescent gas burner with mantle, although
no mantle is used or intended to be used according to the present invention; an
incandescent mantleless gas burner being thus produced.
The present invention is as follows:-
A circular flame gas burner of any suitable type is employed for instance a
circular flame gas burner of the well-known "Argand" type and the lower part
of said burner is surrounded with or enclosed in any suitable basket or restrictor for
instance said basket may be of a somewhat conoidal form extending from a horizontal
plane say about inch below the ring of gas outlets from said Argand burner down to
a point say 2 to 3 inches below same so as to thus afford ample air space and air
supply below said burner.
Over this basket is arranged a hood, part of same as a double bood which double
hood forins an annular chamber surrounding the upper part of the Argand burner but
at a little distance therefrom say inch clearance between the outside of said Argand
burner and the inside of said hood, thus forming an annular space between the hood
and burner and said hood may have a narrow horizontal flange round the bottom edge
thereof and has a row of holes or openings (just above said flange) forming air inlets
leading into said annular chamber and then above said row of holes the hood is set
inward a little and then slightly tapers inwards until same arrives at a point slightly
above the top of the Argand burner and then said single hood extends upwardly and
above this narrowest point is tapered outwards again and terminates at a point a
considerable distance (i.e. about or of an inch) above the top of the Argand (or
equivalent) burner, the hood thus having a narrowed or contracted portion between
the top and bottom ends thereof which latter are flared or tapered in the manner and
for the purposes herein described.
It will thus be seen that an annular air heating chamber is formed in the lower
part of the hood in close proximity to the burner and consequently such chamber
becomes highly heated and has a ring or series of holes in the upper part of
same on the exterior of the hood (which latter is set in over said annular chamber)
in suchwise and in such position that said outlet holes from said annular chamber
lead between the outside of the hood and the inside of the bottom edge of the
chimney which latter is held in the ordinary or any suitable gallery or. holder
Inounted on the exterior of the hood.
Thus á supply of heated air is delivered through said annular chamber into the
annular space between the chimney and the exterior of the hood and such heated
air impinges or meets the exterior of the flame just above the top of the hood which

page_text: flame is advantageously slightly deflected or spread just as same emerges above the
hood by means of any suitable spreader or deflector such as a circular spreader or
deflecting plate supported (just below or about the level of the top edge of the hood)
on a central mount i.e. concentric with the circular burner and if desired said
support may be a tube through which a central air supply can be led from below
the burner to the centre of the gas flame above said deflector or said central
support may be solid so that no air supply passes therethrough.
It will thus be seen that a full air supply is admitted on both sides of the circular
flame from said Argand or circular gas burner the air supply on the exterior being
slightly deflected or thrown inwards upon said flame by reason of the flared or
inwardly tapering form of the hood where it surrounds said burner at or just below
the top of the latter, while above this point the flame is spread just at the top of the
hood by means of the aforesaid deflector and just at this point said flame meets the
heated air supply which is heated and led externally of the hood to the top edge
thereof in the aforesaid manner with the result that an intense or very bright light
is produced having the appearance in many respects of the well-known Welsbach
incandescent gas burners at present in use.
An outer gallery or support for any ornamental or other globe may be provided if
desired.
The various parts as hereinbefore described may be arranged to be detachably or
otherwise connected to one another or mounted upon one another
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upon the
burner or supports provided on said burner in any suitable and desired manner.
improvements in or relating to Circular Flame Gas Burners.
We, HENRY DARBY, WALTER DARBY, ION DARBY, and JOHN HENRY PUNCHARD, all
of 249, Pentonville Road, King's Cross, London, N.W., Manuafacturers, and WILLIAM
CHARLES PUNCHARD, of 151, Cannon Street, London, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
'statement: -
This invention relates to circular flame gas burners; novel and striking effects
being produced according to the present invention the flame having very much the
appearance of the present well-known incandescent gas burner with mantle,
although no Bunsen burner is employed and no mantle is used or intended to be used
according to the present invention; an incandescent-like mantle-less gas burner being
thus produced.
Referring to the accompanying drawings in which the present invention is
illustrated :-
Fig. 1 is an exterior view in side elevation of the gas burner of circular form
constructed according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken through the middle of this circular burner,
i.e. on line 2-2 Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a horizontal cross sectional view on line 3-3 Fig. 2; and Fig. 4 is a
similar view on line 4-4 Fig. 2; looking downwards in both cases.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout.

page_text: A is gas inlet pipe to which the supply of gas is led in any suitable manner-
instance the lower end of said pipe A may be screwed or otherwise attached to any
_ for
ordinary gas bracket or chandelier, etc.
A¹ are branch pipes (as in ordinary and well-known Argand burner) by which the
5 gas is supplied to an ordinary Argand circular gas burner B.
C is an ordinary "basket" or restrictor of any suitable character which extends
from a horizontal plane about three-quarters of an inch below the top of the Argand
burner B downwards and inwards in a conoidal or tapering form as shown (or other
suitable form) and terminates at a point about 2 to 3 inches below the top edge of
said burner B-see Fig. 2.
Dis horizontal flat rim or ring with downwardly extending flange D¹ within which
latter the basket C fits and is there held in position by any suitable means such as the
nut C¹and washer C² (see Fig. 2) and EE are 3 (or other suitable number of) inwardly
extending arms which carry the central collar or burner mount F which latter is thus
5 supported concentrically within the restrictor etc. and this collar F is internally screw-
threaded and adapted to have screwed thereinto the metal part B¹ of the Argand
burner B(which latter is exteriorly screw-threaded for this purpose) whereby said flanged
ring or rim D and restrictor Cand burner B are thus firmly and concentrically secured
altogether.
His a cone or hood which is mounted concentrically with the Argand burner Band
secured to the upper side of the said rim or mount D-at a point a little outside of the
projecting inner edge D2 (the object of which latter is hereinafter described) of said
mount Dand as said hood extends upwardly it contracts until above the top edge of the
burner B and then said hood is flared or widened out and terminates at a point
about three quarters or seven-eighths of an inch above the top of the burner B
see Fig. 2.
At the lower part of said hood H there is a clear annular space between the exterior
of the burner B and the inside of said hood H which latter at or near the bottom edge
thereof provided with a series of apertures H¹ leading into an annular enclosed air
heating chamber X formed between the outer side of the lower part of the hood H and
the jacket I which latter is provided with a series of outlet apertures 11 located
within the interior diameter of the chimney Y so that when the latter (which is
to be a straight chimney) is mounted in position in the chimney gallery K a
supply of heated air will thus be led through the outlets I from the annular
chamber X in between the inside wall of the glass or other chimney Y and the
exterior of the upper part of the hood H and such supply of heated air is caused
to impinge on the exterior of the flame just as same rises above the top edge
of the hood H.
M is a vertical central post fixed in or to the Argand burner and mounted on said
support M is the button or flame "spreader" N which latter is located and
supported exactly level or thereabouts with the top edge of the hood H-as shown in
Fig. 2.
In Fig. 2 the approximate shape the flame assumes in burning is shown in dotted
lines marked z.
The inwardly projecting edge D² (Fig. 2) limits the amount of air which can thus
pass upwards through the space between said inner edge D2 and the exterior of the
burner B whereby the air supply at this point is limited and regulated and thereby
greatly assists in producing steadiness in the flame.
It will thus be seen that the air supply entering through the basket or restrictor C
is led to the flame by 3 separate annular passages nainely; (1) a supply of air is
led to the interior of the flame through the central annular passage a formed inside
the burner B between the post M and the inside wall of said burner B; (2) a supply
of air passes up through the annular passage formed between the outside of the
burner B and the inside of the lower part of the hood H; and (3) a supply of air
(coming from the annular heating chamber X) is led through the annular space c
formed between the outside of the upper part of the hood H and the inside of the
ower part of the chimney Y, and impinges on the outside of the flame as the latter

page_text: 2
emerges above the top of the hood H. Upon lighting the gas coming from the
Argand burner B these several air currents acting in conjunction with the special
arrangement and construction of the burner cause the flame to produce a brilliant
light while the spreader N acting in conjunction with the hood and arrangement of
air currents causes the flame to assume a somewhat conoidal or conical form as
indicated by the dotted lines at in Fig. 2 and the flame thus has very much the
appearance of the well-known incandescent gas burner with mantle, and this effect
may be further heightened by having the lower part of the chimney Y perfectly
transparent from the bottom up to about the line y-y and above this line y-y the
glass or chimney may be made semi-transparent or translucent or even opaque so
that the topmost part of the flame Z is hidden by said non-transparent part of the
chimney Yabove the line y-Y.
Instead of the arrangement illustrated for admitting air to the annular passage c
between the interior of the chimney Y and the exterior of the hood H-the air
heating chamber X may be dispensed with and the air otherwise admitted to said
annular passage c-for instance the chimney Y may be supported on a horizontal
gallery or support of gauze or sheet metal provided with numerous perforations or
small slots or openings; the arrangement illustrated in the drawings for supplying
heated air to the annular passage c has many advantages and has been found to give
very good results in practice.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The combination with an Argand burner of a hood or cone concentrically
arranged around the upper part of said burner and extending above the top edge
thereof, a button or flame spreader-supported centrally within said hood-on a level
with the top edge of said hood, a basket or restrictor C arranged concentrically below
said hood, an annular inwardly projecting edge D2 arranged below the top edge of
the burner to limit and regulate the air supply at this point and means to admit a
supply of air to the passage c between the exterior of the hood and the interior of the
chimney Y which latter air supply impinges on the exterior of the flame as it
rises above the top edge of the hood, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. The combination with an Argand burner, of a hood or cone concentrically
arranged around the upper part of said burner and extending above the top edge
thereof and an annular air heating chamber X formed around the exterior of the hood
to heat the air supply to the passage c exterior of the hood which latter air supply
impinges on the exterior of the flame as it rises above the top edge of the hood,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. The combination with an Argand burner of a nood or cone concentrically
arranged around the upper part of said burner and extending above the top edge
thereof, an inwardly projecting edge-D2 arranged below the top edge of the burner
to limit and regulate the air supply on its way to the exterior of the flame and an
annular air heating chamber X formed around the exterior of the hood to heat the
air supply to the annular passage c exterior of the hood which latter air supply
impinges on the exterior of the flame as it rises above the top edge of the hood,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
4. The combination with an Argand burner of a hood or cone concentrically
arranged around the upper part of said burner and extending above the top edge
thereof, a basket or restrictor C arranged concentrically below said hood, an inwardly
projecting edge D2 arranged below the top edge of the burner to limit and regulate
the air supply on its way to the exterior of the flame, and an annular air heating
chamber X formed around the exterior of the hood to heat the air supply to the
passage c exterior of the hood which latter air supply impinges on the exterior of
the flame as it rises above the top edge of the hood, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.

page_text: 5. The combination with an Argand burner of a hood or cone concentrically
arranged around the upper part of said burner and extending above the top edge
thereof, a button or flame spreader N supported centrally within said hood on a
level with the top edge of said hood, a basket or restrictor C arranged concentrically
below said hood, an inwardly projecting edge D arranged below the top edge of
the burner to limit and regulate the air supply on its way to the exterior of the
flame, and an annular air heating chamber X formed around the exterior of the hood
to heat the air supply to the passage c exterior of the hood which latter air supply
impinges on the exterior of the flame as it rises above the top edge of the hood,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
6. The combination with an Argand burner of a central collar F adapted to have
said burner screwed therein; arms E on ring D supporting said collar, a restrictor C
butting with said ring D and held in position by a nut on the gas inlet pipe leading
to said burner, an inwardly projecting edge D² on said ring D, a hood H mounted on
the upper side of said ring and extending above the top of the burner, a button or
flame spreader N supported centrally within said hood on a level with the top edge
of said hood, an annular jacket I mounted exteriorly of said hood H and forming
an annular air heating chamber X, air admission openings H leading through the
lower part of said hood H into said chamber X, and a series of outlet openings I'
leading from said chamber X into the space c between the interior of the chimney Y
and the exterior of the upper part of the hood H, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Birkbeck Bank Chambers, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.