IMPROVEMENTS for an STOPPERING BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING AËRATED OR GASEOUS LIQUIDS'
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard John Sankey, of South Hill, near Ashford, in
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
the county of Kent, Farmer for an
STOPPERING BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING AËRATED OR GASEOUS LIQUIDS'
"J
IN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard John Sankey at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th June 1883.
RICHARD JOHN SANKEY of South Hill near Ashford in the county of Kent,
Farmer "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERING BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING AËRATED OR
GASEOUS LIQUIDS
"
The present invention relates to further improvements in stoppering bottles for
containing aërated or gaseous liquids for which Provisional Protection was granted
to me No 2176 dated the 30th April 1883.
According to my present improvements instead of fitting and fixing the india
rubber ring in the neck of the bottle in the manner described in my said
Provisional Specification N° 2176, I now employ a length of suitable flexible
material bent into the form of a ring which is then sprung into the neck of the
bottle.
The bottle neck is formed with a step or shoulder in the interior as described
in my said Provisional Specification and on the said shoulder or step I place
as before an ordinary vulcanized india rubber ring which forms the seating for the
stopper as usual.
In order to fix this india rubber seating in its place I now employ a length of
suitable flexible material, preferably circular in section which is bent into the form
of a ring the diameter of the ring being such that it will tightly fit the interior
of the neck of the bottle just above the seating.
To apply the said ring it is contracted by passing one end over the other and is
then passed into the neck of the bottle so as to rest on the seating when it will
spring out and become tightly fitted in the interior of the bottle neck and will
securely hold the seating in its place.

page_text: In practice I have found vulcanite to answer well for the fixing ring but it
will be evident that other suitable flexible material or metal may be employed for
the fixing ring.
The method of fixing the india rubber seating in the neck of the bottle by
means of a flexible ring as herein before described allows of the seating being
removed and replaced without having to break the fixing ring as the same can be
easily removed when required.
It will be obvious that the fixing ring need not be in one piece but may
be subdivided each part being introduced separately so as to form a complete
ring.
Instead of employing a ring of flexible material as herein before described I
sometimes employ a complete ring of metal of a diameter which will allow it to be
passed into the bottle neck and it is then expanded by a suitable tool until it
tightly fits the neck of the bottle above the seating.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Richard John Sankey in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th November 1883.
RICHARD JOHN SANKEY of South Hill near Ashford in the county of Kent,
Farmer "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERING BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING AËRATED OR
GASEOUS LIQUIDS"
The present invention relates to further improvements in stoppering bottles for
containing aërated or gaseous liquids for which Letters Patent were granted
to me N° 2176 dated the thirtieth of April one thousand eight hundred and
eighty three.
According to my present improvements instead of fitting and fixing the india
rubber ring used as a seating in the neck of the bottle in the manner described
in the Specification of my said former Letters Patent I now employ a length of
suitable flexible material bent into the form of a cut ring which is then sprung
into the neck of the bottle.
As is well known it is usual to form india rubber rings such as I use for seatings
by cutting them in suitable lengths from an india rubber tube so that they are in
fact cylinders of various lengths.
The bottle neck is formed with a step or shoulder in the interior as described in
the Specification of my said former Letters Patent or as an equivalent with an
internal groove and on the said shoulder or step or in the said groove I place as
before an ordinary vulcanized india rubber ring or short cylinder which forms the
seating for the stopper as usual.
In order to fix this india rubber seating in its place I, according to my present
invention, employ a length of suitable flexible material preferably circular in
section which is bent into the form of a ring like a cut ring, the diameter of the
ring being such that it will tightly fit the interior of the neck of the bottle just
above the seating, or fit in the interior of the said groove when it is used and so
act as a fixing ring.
To apply the said fixing ring, it is contracted by passing one of its loose ends
over the other and it is then passed into the neck of the bottle so as to rest on the
seating, when it will spring out and become tightly fitted in the interior of tho
bottle neck and will securely fix or hold the seating in its place.
When an india rubber ring or cylinder is cut of sufficient length and is inserted
as a seating, the fixing ring may be placed inside the india rubber ring and when
sprung outwards as above mentioned it will compress or force the centre part of
the ring into the groove in the bottle neck.
In practice I have found vulcanite to answer well for the fixing ring but it will
be evident that other suitable flexible material or metal may be employed for the
fixing ring.
The method of fixing the india rubber seating in the neck of the bottle by
means of a flexible fixing ring as hereinbefore described allows of the seating being
removed and replaced without having to break the fixing ring (as was the caso
with fixing rings described in my said former specification) as the same can be
easily removed when required.
It will be obvious that the fixing ring need not be in one piece but may be
subdivided each part being introduced separately so as to forin a complete ring.

page_text: Instead of employing a cut ring of flexible material as hereinbefore described I
sometimes employ a complete ring made of metal (in place of vulcanite, as described
in my said specification) the ring being of a diameter which will allow it to be
passed into the bottle neck and to be then expanded by a suitable tool until it
tightly fits the neck of the bottle above the seating, or expands and compresses
the india rubber ring in a groove formed in the neck of the bottle as above
mentioned.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will proceed to
describe the same by reference to the accompanying drawing in which figures 1,
and 2, are sections of bottle necks before the seating is applied thereto; figures 3
and 4 are sections shewing the seatings applied thereto ready to be fixed; figures 5
and 6, are sections shewing the seatings fixed in position and figures 7 and 8, are
plans of the cut fixing ring; figure 9 is a section of a bottle neck having a groove
therein for receiving the seating when the fixing ring is placed inside; figure 10, a
section shewing the seating fixed therein and figures 11, and 12, a plan and
elevation respectively of this seating before being placed in the bottle. Similar
letters in all the figures represent similar or corresponding parts.
In figures 1, 3 and 5, the bottle neck a, is formed with a step or shoulder ỗ, in
the interior as described in the Specification of my said former Letters Patent, and
on the said shoulder or step I place as before an ordinary vulcanized india rubber
ring or cylinder d, (or a ring of other suitable elastic material) which forms the
seating for the stopper as usual.
In order to fix this india rubber seating d, in its place I now employ a length
of suitable flexible material, preferably circular in section which is bent into the
form of a cut ring c, as shewn in figure 7, the diameter of the ring being such that
it will tightly fit the interior of the neck of the bottle just above the seating d.
To apply the said fixing ring c, it is contracted by passing one of its loose ends
over the other as shewn in figure 8, and is then passed into the neck of the bottle
so as to rest on the seating d, when it will spring out and become tightly fitted
in the interior of the bottle neck and will securely fit or hold the seating d, in its
place.
In practice I have found vulcanite to answer well for the fixing ring but it will
be evident that other suitable flexible material or metal may be employed for the
fixing ring.
The arrangement shewn in figures 2, 4 and 6, is substantially the same as that
shewn in figures 1, 3, and 5, except that the bottle neck a, is formed with a groove
for receiving the elastic seating d, and fixing ring c.
In the arrangement shewn in figures 9, and 10, the ring used to form the seating
is cut or formed with a comparatively long axis (as shewn in detached views at
figures 11, and 12) and is placed in the neck of the bottle, and the fixing ring c, is
then sprung in and will compress or force the centre part of the ring into the groove
in the neck of the bottle as shewn in figure 10.
The method of fixing the india rubber seating in the neck of the bottle by means
of a flexible ring as herein before described allows of the seating being removed and
replaced without having to break the fixing ring, as the same can be easily removed
when required.
It will be obvious that the fixing ring need not be in one piece but may be
sub-divided, each part being introduced separately so as to form a complete ring.
Instead of employing a cut fixing ring of flexible material as herein before
described I sometimes employ a complete ring made of metal (instead of vulcanite
as described in my said former Specification) the ring being made of a diameter
which will allow it to be passed into the bottle neck and to be then expanded by
a suitable tool until it tightly fits the neck of the bottle above the seating, or
expands or compresses the rubber ring into a groove formed in the neck of the
bottle as above described.
Having thus described my said invention and the best means I am acquainted

page_text: with for carrying the same into effect I wish it to be understood that what I
claim is :-
Firstly. The combination of an elastic seating consisting of a ring or cylinder of
india rubber or other elastic material and a fixing ring made in the form of a cut
ring employed in the neck of a bottle provided with a groove or shoulder
substantially in the manner and for the purposes as herein described.
Secondly. The use in the neck of a bottle intended for internal stoppers of a
seating fixed against a shoulder or in a groove by means of a cut ring of suitable
flexible material or of an expanded ring of metal substantially in the manner
herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
In witness whereof I the said Richard John Sankey have hereto set my hand
and seal this fifteenth day of November in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three