Improvements in Apparatus for Upsetting Metal Bars.
Year: 1889

page_text: Complete Specification Left, 15th Nov., 1889-Accepted. 21st Dec., 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Upsetting Metal Bars.
I, WILLIAM RICHARDSON WEBSTER, of 3310 Hamilton Street in the City and
County of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to the apparatus used in manufacturing eye-bars by upsetting
the ends of bars to form the heads in which the eyes or pin-holes are formed; and the
object of my improvement is, in the first place to provide an apparatus offering
the minimum of frictional resistance to the upsetting of the bars; in the second place,
to provide a novel device for preventing the upsetting-plunger from bending or
breaking thirdly, to provide a device for preventing the end of a bar from deflecting
sidewise during the early stages of the upsetting action, and, fourthly, to simplify
and strengthen the machine.
These novel features of my invention will be best understood after a description
of the drawings, in which they are illustrated, and will be hereinafter pointed out in
the claims.
Reference being now had to the drawings,—
Figure 1, is a plan view of an upsetting apparatus embodying my improvement
and having the upper die and upper part of the housing removed.
Figure 2, is a central longitudinal elevation of the apparatus with the upper parts
restored and the hydraulic cylinder omitted.
Figure 3, is a cross-section on the line y y, Fig. 5, showing the same section with
the upper die and housing removed.
Figure 4, is a section on the line a ; and
Figure 6, a section on the line z z, with the upper parts removed, as in Figure 5.
A is the base-plate supporting the lower die. As shown, it is formed with a longi-
tudinal cavity to receive and guide a sliding lower die H.
A is a base plate for supporting the plunger. Its upper surface is formed to
receive and conform to the lower surface and sides of the plunger L, and the ram M
and plates N N are bolted to it, so as to fit over the sides of the plunger, which
extend beyond the ram M.
B is the cylinder which actuates the ram M. A hydraulic cylinder is generally
used; but steam or air may be employed, if desired.
CC are eye-beams, which extend along the sides of cylinder B and the base-
casting of the die-housing, binding the two together and strengthening the apparatus
by a very simple construction.
D is the upper fixed portion of the housing, secured to the lower fixed portion A
by strong bolts or columns d d, &c.
E is the ram of a device (not shown) for raising, lowering, and holding down the
upper die. It is directly attached to a plate or casting F, in which, as shown, are
formed guides to engage and direct a movable upper die G.
H is the lower die, sliding, as already noted, in the base-plate A.

page_text: II are the adjustable check-pieces, which, in cases where the lower die is
stantionary, are usually secured to it, but which in the present case are supported
on brackets J J, secured to base-plate A and columns d, as shown, and. resting
against the sides of the cavity in plate A.
KK are clamps for holding the bar.
Lis the upsetting-plunger, formed to work between the upper and lower dies. Its
effective surface is given approximately the shape of the outer portion of the head to
be formed, and to prevent the bending sidewise or slipping of the end of the bar to
he upset I form a slight recess (indicated at 1 1) in the centre of the plunger-head,
which will receive and hold the end of the bar, as shown, and which of course will
prevent it from bending or slipping away from the centre. The portion of the plunger
which in the beginning of a stroke extends beyond the dies is by my new construction
supported in the guides formed by base-plate A¹ and its flange-plates N N, and the
plunger is actuated by the ram M, which is made large enough to resist any tendency
to bend under the strains to which it is subjected, and which moves in a cavity
formed in plate A.¹ and between guide-plates N N.
O in the drawings represents the bar under treatment.
The different features of my apparatus are obviously capable of separate as well as
conjoint use. The combination of one or more sliding dies with a plunger arranged to
move between them without actuating either of them results in the movable die or dies
sliding only at such times and to such an extent as the action of the metal in the bar
being treated may influence it, whereas in dies where the plunger forced one or both
die-faces before it the movement of the dies was necessarily independent of the flow
of the metal being upset. It will therefore be obvious that my device will afford
less frictional resistance to upsetting than the older plans.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
First: In an apparatus for upsetting metal-bars, the combination of one or more
sliding dies with an upsetting-plunger arranged to work between the die-faces without
engaging them.
Second: In an apparatus for upsetting metal-bars, the combination of dies for
holding the bar to be upset, an upsetting-plunger arranged to work between said
dies, supporting-guides for said plunger, arranged in front of the dies, and a ram
arranged to actuate the plunger and work between the said guides.
Third: In an apparatus for upsetting metal-bars, the combination of a hydraulic
cylinder or its equivalent and the housing of the dies with beams C C, connecting
and binding them together, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
:
Fourth In an apparatus for upsetting metal-bars, a shaking-plunger having a
shallow recess in its centre adapted to engage the end of a bar and prevent it from
moving sidewise during the early stages of upsetting.
Dated this Fourth day of November 1889.
WILLIAM RICHARDSON WEBSTER.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.