Improvements in Multitubulous Boilers.
Year: 1891

page_text: The decision of the Comptroller-General, of the 5th day of July 1893, allowed,
under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883, an Amendment of this
Specification.
Date of Application, 20th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 28th Feb., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in Multitubulous Boilers.
We, PIERRE ELIE JULES NICLAUSSE, and GEORGES ALBERT LOUIS
NICLAUSSE, both of 125 Rue de Flandre, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Civil Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
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This invention has for its object a multitubulous steam generator the tubes of
which can be separately removeable and are in equilibrium.
This generator is composed of one or more boiler tubes and circulating tubes.
The boiler tubes are constructed and mounted in such manner that they are in
equilibrium when they are fixed upon their collectors. Besides these tubes, and
also the circulating tubes, can be removed from the front of the generator without
its being necessary to unmount the tube plate or to open out the sides or the back
of the generator.
A boiler tube and a circulating tube put together as is shown on Sheet I form
a steam producer.
The boiler tube B is fixed upon a piece a b c d e f of lantern like form and
slightly conical on the outside. It is closed at af and has a partition h i.
Upon the part af a piece is fixed which at k l carries the circulating tube C."
The tube B is generally threaded at the part e d. It may be brazed set or fixed
in any other manner.
.
The plug mn is generally screwed on the part a f. This plug is prolonged as
far as the partition and at k l it takes the form of a ring upon which in any manner
the tube C is fixed.
The tubes are generally of iron or steel. They may be of other metal.
The piece a b c d e f is in malleable cast iron or steel or other metal. It may
consist of a ring fixed upon the tube B. This piece is pierced as the drawing
shows with a number of holes which are as large as is consistent with preserving in
the other parts sufficient section to support the strain to which they are exposed.
The piece m k l n also has openings formed in it.
The steam producer composed as above described is mounted upon a collector..
This collector as is shown on Sheet II is furnished with a partition y Z between
its two faces O P and Q R. This partition and the two faces have holes in them
and the holes range the one with the other.
The holes in the two faces and if necessary those in the partition are conical,
the surfaces of these cones corresponding with those of the lantern referred to
above.
The lantern fits into the collector with close joints where it passes through the
two faces and the partition.
The parts af¹ and c¹ d' (Sheet 1) are of the same diameter. It follows that
when pressure is generated in the collector the tube is in perfect equilibrium.

page_text: Upon the part a fand outside the collector there" are safety fixing bars which
are made to press upon the lantern.. These are intended to keep the lantern in
place in the collector in case from any external cause (as shocks or vibrations) it
should tend to be displaced.
We refer under the name of collector to a piece carrying one or more complete
tubes or steam producers. This collector, or it may be several connected collectors,
also carrying one or more tubes may be fixed beneath a reservoir as is shown in
Sheets III and IV.
The number, the diameter, and the length of the tubes vary according to the
capacity of the generator.
When the generator comprises several collectors they are collected at the lower
part by one or more boxes, which are connected together to facilitate emptying.
One or more tubes fixed upon one or more collectors are arranged at a slight
inclination either in a sheet iron case for marine and portable boilers or in a brick-
work enclosure for stationary boilers.
Under the bundle of tubes and at a suitable distance from the tubes the bars of
the furnace are arranged.
The upper reservoir or the upper part of the collector which forms the reservoir
when there is no other carries the ordinary boiler fittings :-safety valves, try
cocks, the gauge, the stop valve and other parts.
The feed is supplied usually to the upper reservoir or to the upper part of the
collector or collectors forming the reservoir.
As soon as the water commences to heat, a circulation is established in .con-
sequence of the difference of density which results in the different parts of the
generator, the cold water descends by the inner circulating tube coming from the
.fore part of the collector, and the hot water which is between the two tubes ascends
towards the upper part of the reservoir by the rear part of the collector. The more
the fire is pressed the more active the circulation becomes. Bubbles of steam
formed between the two tubes burst in the upper part of the reservoir after leaving
the rear part of the collector. Water coming from the circulating tubes replaces
that which is evaporated. Thus an exchange of temperature is brought about
between the water and the furnace gases which increases in activity as the
production.
A good and active circulation depends on the separation of the currents as
completely as possible; we obtain this in a perfect manner and without the use of
any mechanical means.
The descent of the water on one side and the disengagement of the steam bubbles
on the other is facilitated by the inclination of the tubes.
The dimensions of the two tubes B and C are calculated so as to have over the
surfaces exposed to the fire a sufficient speed of flow to ensure the best yield. The
more the distances to be travelled by the water and the steam are reduced so as to
facilitate the flow of the water and the disengagement of the steam, the more the
losses also are minimised.
"To remove a complete tube it is taken hold of by means of a special tool by the
part af, after the safety fixing bars have been removed.
If only the tube C is to be removed, for cleaning, it is unscrewed and removed at
the front of the generator.
The arrangements above described afford the advantage of providing a boiler
tube.in perfect equilibrium and entirely free to expand, and which can be removed
at the front of the generator without its being necessary to unmount the collector
or to obtain access to the generator either at the side or at the back and all so that
only one generator or a part thereof need be removed.
In place of mounting the piece a b c d e f as above described it may be screwed
into the collector. The bottom of the boiler tube.may also be hemispherical or flat
and provided with a plug..
The collector may be in several pieces.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manuer the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The new arrangement of steam boiler substantially as described and shown.
2. The combination in a generator of two concentric tubes fitted together and
disposed in the manner explained above, and mounted on one or several collectors
arranged as above mentioned.
3. The arrangement which permits each of these generators placed in a collector
to be in perfect equilibrium and to be capable of being dismounted wholly or in
part entirely at the front of the generator all substantially as described and shown
in the annexed drawings.
Dated this 20th In
1001
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicants.