Ix- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROVING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING COTTON, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Wormald, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Maker-up and Packer, for the Invention of "Ix-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROVING, SPINNING, AND
DOUBLING COTTON, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 24th December 1852, and dated the 28th October 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Wormald at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th October 1852.
I, JOHN WORMALD, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Maker-up and Packer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROVING,
SPINNING, AND DOUBLING COTTON, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES" to
be as follows:-
Instead of fixing the spindles on which the cop is wound in a per-
pendicular position, as heretofore adopted, I fix them in an inclined
position, at an angle of any degree as may be found convenient and
useful in practice. I also cause the carriage to traverse or slide in suit-

page_text: able grooves on this incline, by means of which the thread or yarn is
laid on or wound on the spindles to form the cop.
I use a peculiar shaped fly or flyer, plans of which 1 give in the
accompanying Drawing, but which I wish to be distinctly understood
is merely an outline sketch of my Invention, the details of which I will
fully explain in my complete Specification.
Fig. 1, represents an end view of a spinning machine, showing the
incline at a, but which incline may be varied to any degree, as before
stated. On the surface of this incline grooves are cut for the carriage
b, to slide or travel in or upon; c, the spindles on which the cops are
formed;
d, represents the drum, from which motion is obtained for the
spindles by bands or other similar contrivances being put round the
said drum and conveyed to and round the wharves e, on the end of
the spindles, and which wharves may be fixed on either end of the said
spindles, as experience will suggest. It will also be perceived that this
machine may be made double, or, in other words, two machines of this
kind, placed back to back, may be worked by the one drum and formed
of one frame work, thus economizing space to a very great extent.
Figs. 2, 3, & 4, show my improved flys or flyers, which admit of
many modifications, and which, as before stated, I will more fully
explain in my complete Specification.
These flys or flyers are also applicable to spinning on the horizontal
position, as already patented by me.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Wormald in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th April 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOHN WORMALD, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Maker-up
and Packer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, and in

page_text: the sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Wormald, Her especial license
that I, the said John Wormald, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Wormald, my exécutors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROVING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING COTTON,
WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Wormald, should, by an instrument-in
writing under my hand and seal, particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Wormald, do hereby
declare the nature and particulars of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say):
My Invention consists of an improved arrangement of mechanism
for roving, spinning, or doubling fibrous materials, by which improve-
ments I simplify the process, economise the labour, and decrease the
expense of constructing the machines. The usual method of accomi-
plishing the above processes has been by passing the sliver or yarn from
bobbins on a creel, through or between drawing rollers fixed on frame
'work to spindles placed in a vertical or perpendicular position, as is
well known to all persons acquainted with the process of spinning,
which position of the spindle, with the complicated machinery connected
therewith, I found to be defective in principle, expensive in construc-
tion, and very tedious in the process. To remedy these evils. I con-
structed a machine to effect the said objects of spinning. &c. with the
spindles in a horizontal position, and the necessary machinery so
5 arranged as to expedite the operations and cheapen the processes, for

page_text: which Invention I obtained Her Majesty's Letters Patent, dated a
Westminster, the Eighteenth day of September, One thousand eigh
hundred and fifty-one; but I have since that date ascertained that the
same processes may be accomplished in a more effective manner and a
a cheaper rate, by working the spindles in a diagonal or inclined posi-
tion at an angle of any degree, as may be found convenient and useful
in practice. To effect this object I cause the carriage to traverse or
slide in suitable grooves on the top of the frame, which is the inclined
part. I have also an improved fly or flyer to suit this inclined position,
which consists of two sides or bars, connected at the top and bottom,
into which I place the spindle, so that it revolves on its axes in the
said fly or flyer, but not with it at the same speed, a drag being pro-
vided to regulate its motion. Outside of the said flyer I have a ring
with an eye piece, which slides upon it, and by means of uprights on the
carriage cause the ring to slightly move with it, and thus the sliver or
yarn is wound on the spindles, to form what is technically called the
cop, or it is wound on bobbins revolving loosely on the said spindles.
But I may here observe, that it is not essentially necessary to use the
said improved flyer when the spindles are worked in this inclined
position, as flyers of any construction may be used, two other kinds of
which I show on the Drawings, for which I do not claim the exclusive
use, except when they are used in this inclined position, as already
.explained.
Having thus explained the general principle of my Invention, I will
proceed to describe it more in detail by reference to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, in which the same letters of reference are used to
represent similar parts where different views or diagrams are shewn.
Fig. 1, is an end elevation of my improved machine, shewing the
inclined position of the spindle and flyer. Fig. 2, is a front elevation
of the same. Fig. 3, a view showing the upper part of the frame in
front with the inclined position of the carriage. Fig. 4, a view of my
improved flyer, with the ring and eye piece to guide the sliver or yarn
on the spindle or bobbin; and Figs. 5, 6, and 7, views of other shaped
flyers which may be used with this machine. a, represents the frame; b,
the driving pulley; c, the drum to drive the flyers; d, the shaft; e, the

page_text: creels from which the rovings pass through or between the rollers f, to the
flyer g; h, is the ring encircling the said flyer, and furnished with an
eyelet to guide the thread to be spun. This ring has a vibratory motion
as well as an advancing and receding motion to form the cop; it turns
between guides fixed upon the cross beam i, extending between and
joining together the slides k, which are moved by the levers 7, actuated
upon by the cam m, on the shaft n, on which is the worm o, driving the
worm wheel p, bevil wheels 2, and screw r, working in the nut 8,
attached to the model or form t, which presses against the projecting
piece u, fixed to the beam i; thus by the advance of the screw r, and
model t, the gradual advance of the ring h, is obtained.
Having now fully described the nature and particulars of this my
Invention, I desire it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine
myself to the exact details herein described, as such may be varied or
modified without departing from the principle thereof; but I claim as
new, and which to the best of my knowledge and belief has not hitherto
been used within this realm, firstly, the method of roving, spinning,
and doubling by working the spindles in an inclined position; secondly,
the improved flyer with a ring and eyelet hole for the yarn to pass
through, as herein described; and, thirdly, the use of any other shaped
flyer in combination with the inclined position of the spindles with the
wharves fixed either at the top or bottom, and with the drags made of
either metal, tape band, or other similar material.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Wormald, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
JOHN WORMALD. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the said
John Wormald in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.