IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GIVING A RECIPROCATING MOTION TO PICKS AND CUTTING TOOLS USED IN PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Ridley, of Leeds, in the County of York,
and James Grafton Jones, of Cumming Street, Pentonville, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR GIVING A RECIPROCATING MOTION TO PICKS AND CUTTING TOOLS USED IN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Ridley and James
Grafton Jones at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 21st September 1868.
We, ROBERT RIDLEY, of Leeds, in the County of York, and JAMËS
GRAFTON JONES, of Cumming Street, Pentonville, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR GIVING A RECIPROCATING MOTION TO PICKS AND CUTTING
TOOLS USED IN GETTING COAL, AND OTHER MINERALS AND STONE," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for giving a
reciprocating motion to picks and cutting tools used in getting coal and other
minerals and stone.
For these purposes electro-magnetic apparatus is to be employed, arranged
or combined in the following manner :-When using lever picks in com-
bination with a suitable carriage electro-magnetic apparatus is applied to
such carriage, and is connected and gives direct action to such picks. For

page_text: these purposes any desired number of hollow electro-magnetic coils are fixed
to a suitable bed plate or frame in a curved line struck from the centre
of a central axis. On this central axis arms are keyed, and each arm carries
at its outer end a bent or curved bar concentric with the central axis; this bar
passes through one or more of the fixed electro-magnetic coils. The bent bar is
composed partly of soft iron and partly of non-conducting material, so that
when connection is made with a battery, and an electric circuit is set up in a
coil, one of the soft iron parts of the bent bar will be attracted by the coil, so
as to cause the non-conducting portion of the curved bar to pass out of the
coil whilst the soft iron part previously near the coil will be attracted to and
pass partly into the coil, then on breaking contact in respect to the coil which
has just acted, and making contact with the next coil, a similar effect will
be produced on another soft iron part of the curved bar, then the central
axis will be caused to make a retrograde motion by another arm and curved
bar being similarly acted on in an opposite direction by other electro-mag-
netic coils, and in this manner may a reciprocating motion be communi-
cated to a central axis, and from such central axis by means of a crank
and connecting rod to the lever pick and any desired number of arms,
curved bars, and electro-magnetic coils may be used according to the power
required. When other than lever picks or cutting tools are used on
carriage, then in place of curved bars mounted on arms fixed to an axis,
straight bars and electro-magnetic coils are used, composed alternately of
soft iron and a non-conducting material, and the picks or cutting tools are
either applied directly to the bars, or they are otherwise acted on thereby. It
will be evident that in place of the coils being fixed they may be moveable,
whilst the compound bars may be fixed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed.
by the said Robert Ridley and James Grafton Jones in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 21st March 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ROBERT 3
RIDLEY, of Leeds, in the County of York, and JAMES. GRAFTON JONES,
of Cumming Street, Pentonville, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of September, in the year of our Lord 3
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of

page_text: Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Robert Ridley. and James Grafton Jones, Her special licence
that we, the said Robert Ridley and James Grafton Jones, our exécutors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Robert Ridley
and James Grafton Jones, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and. at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an.Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GIVING A RECIPROCATING MOTION TO PICKS AND CUTTING
TOOLS USED IN GETTING COAL AND OTHER MINERALS AND STONE," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said Robert Ridley and James Grafton
Jones, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our, or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or
them should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Robert Ridley and James Grafton
Jones, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:
.
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for giving a
reciprocating motion to picks and cutting tools used in getting coal and other
minerals and stone.
For these purposes electro-magnetic apparatus is to be employed arranged
or combined in the following manner:-When using lever picks in com-
bination with a suitable carriage, electro-magnetic apparatus is applied to
such carriage, and is connected and gives direct action to such picks. For
these purposes any desired number of hollow electro-magnetic coils are fixed
to a suitable bed plate or frame in a curved line struck from the centre of a
central axis. On this central axis arms are keyed, and each arm carries at
its outer end a bent or curved bar concentric with the central axis; this bar
passes through one or more of the fixed electro-magnetic coils. The bent bar
is composed partly of soft iron and partly of non-conducting material, so that
when connection is made with a battery and an electric circuit is set up in a
coil, one of the soft iron parts of the bent .bar will be attracted by the coil
so as to cause the non-conducting portion of the curved bar to pass out of the
coil, whilst the soft iron part previously near the coil will be attracted to and

page_text: pass partly into the coil, then on breaking contact in respect to the coil
which has just acted, and making contact with the next coil a similar effect
will be produced on another soft iron part of the curved bar, then the central
axis will be caused to make a retrograde motion by another arm and curved
bar being similarly acted on in an opposite direction by other electro-
magnetic coils, and in this manner, may a reciprocating motion be com
municated to a central axis, and from such central axis by means of a crank
and connecting rod to the lever pick, and any desired number of arms, curved
bars, and electro-magnetic coils may be used according to the power required.
When other than lever picks or cutting tools are used on a carriage, then in
place of curved bars mounted on arms fixed to an axis, straight bars and electro-
magnetic coils are used, composed alternately of soft iron and a non-conducting
material, and the picks or cutting tools are either applied directly to the bars
or they are otherwise acted on thereby. It will be evident that in place of
the coils being fixed they may be moveable whilst the compound bars may
be fixed.
Having thus stated the nature of our said Invention we will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a plan of a carriage having applied thereto apparatus
combined according to our Invention. In this arrangement two portions of
circles having a common centre are used with two fixed electric coils to each
curved bar.
The curved bar A is fixed to the axis C by means of arms A¹, A¹, and the
curved bar B is fixed to the axis C by means of the arms B', B', as shown, so
that when the bars A and B are moved as hereafter explained they give
motion to the axis C first in one direction and then in the other. The bars
A and B are made each in parts composed alternately of soft iron and of non-
conducting material. On the axis C there are two arms C', C, fixed or
formed, to the end of one of which the connecting rod D is pin-jointed, the
other end being pin-jointed to the lever E, carrying the lever pick F. The
electric coils G, H, and the electric coils I and J, are fixed to the framing of
the carriage, and the ends of their respective coils are put in communication
with an electric or magnetic battery or batteries in such manner that
magnetic and electric currents may be readily sent through either of the coils
The parts are shown in the positions they will assume when about to mako a
blow by the action of the coils G and H in succession; thus supposing an
electric circuit is formed through the wires of the coil G, the bar A will be

page_text: moved in the direction shown by the arrow, and when the bar A has been
moved a distance so as to bring the next piece of soft iron to the coil B, the
electric current is to be cut off from that coil and contacts made for passing
an electric current through the wire of the coil H. We have not thought it
necessary to show the apparatus for making and breaking contacts, the same
being well understood. The pick having performed its action is now to be
brought back by means of the other two coils I and J, acting in
succession in a similar manner on the curved bar B, to that just described
in respect to the coils G and H, on the curved bar A. When the blow. of
the pick is to be in the opposite direction then the lever pick is to be
connected to the other arm of the axis C. If sliding picks are to be used
then the parts between them and the axis C will be changed as will
readily be understood by a machinist.
Figure 2 shows another arrangement or combination of apparatus
according to our Invention wherein two axes C, C, are used, but in other
respects the working of the machinery is similar to that above described.
The various mechanical parts shown in this Figure are marked with the same
letters as in the previous Figure, and the description above given will apply
thereto. From the above description, aided by the Drawings, it will readily be
understood that although we prefer to used curved bars to give motion to lever
and other picks, by first giving motion to an axis or axes C, and thence to the
picks from such axis or axes by suitable interposed mechanism, yet, if desired,
the picks may be connected more or less directly to curved or straight bars made
to slide or move to and fro by means electric coils as above described.
What we claim is the combining of picks or cutters or like tools mounted
on carriages used for getting coal and other minerals or stone with and
giving motion thereto by electro-magnetic apparatus.
In witness whereof, we, the said Robert Ridley and James Grafton
Jones, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-first day
of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
ROBERT RIDLEY.
(L.S.)
J. GRAFTON JONES. (L.S.)
ROBERT RIDLEY. (L.B.)
J. GRAFTON JONES. (L.S.)