IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAINS FOR GIVING MOTION WHEELS, AND IN GIVING MOTION TO MACHINERY
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Green and Willoughby Green, both of
Smithfield Iron Works, in Leeds, in the County of York, and Robert
Mathers, of Trafalgar Street, in Leeds, aforesaid, Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAINS FOR GIVING MOTION
WHEELS, AND IN GIVING MOTION TO MACHINERY."
Scaled the 3rd June 1862, and dated the 31st December 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Green, Willoughby
Green, and Robert Mathers, at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, and their Petition, on the 31st December 1861.
We, THOMAS GREEN and WILLOUGHBY GREEN, both of Smithfield Iron
Works, in Leeds, in the County of York, and ROBERT MATHERS, of Trafalgar
Street, in Leeds, aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAINS FOR GIVING MOTION TO CHAIN WHEELS
AND IN GIVING MOTION TO MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in chains for giving motion
to chain wheels, and in giving motion to machinery.
The first part of the Invention consists in constructing chains used for giving
motion to chain wheels with extra links, or what may be called guard links
on each side of the driving links; these extra lengths are to overlap the edges
of the teeth of the chain wheels, and they serve to keep the chain in its place
on the wheels; when using a chain constructed in this manner, no flanges are
required on the chain wheels.

page_text: The second part of the Invention consists in giving motion to machinery by
the combined use of a chain and chain wheels, and friction surfaces, such as
a pulley and band or friction wheels, which wheels may either be plain or
grooved. By thus using a chain in combination with friction, the chain
works more easily and yet with the same certainty as before.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Green, Willoughby Green, and Robert Mathers in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th June 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
GREEN and WILLOUGHBY GREEN, both of Smithfield Iron Works, in Leeds, in
the County of York, ROBERT MATHERS, of Trafalgar Street, in Leeds,
aforesaid, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Thomas Green, Willoughby Green, and Robert Mathers, Her
special licence that we, the said Thomas Green, Willoughby Green, and
Robert Mathers, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Thomas Green, Willoughby Green, and Robert Mathers, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAINS FOR
GIVING MOTION TO CHAIN WHEELS, AND IN GIVING MOTION TO MACHINERY," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Thomas Green, Willoughby
Green, and Robert Mathers, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal
of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Mathers, on behalf of myself
and the said Thomas Green and Willoughby Green, do hereby declare the

page_text: nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in chains for giving motion
to chain wheels, and in giving motion to machinery. The first part of the
Invention consists in constructing chains used for giving motion to chain
wheels with extra links, or what may be called guard links, on each side of
the driving links, these extra links are to overlap the edges of the teeth of the
chain wheels, and they serve to keep the chain in its place on the wheels.
When using a chain constructed in this manner, no flanges are required on
the chain wheels.
The second part of the Invention consists in giving motion to machinery by
the combined use of a chain and chain wheels and friction surfaces, such as a
pulley and band or friction wheels, which wheels may either be plain or
grooved. By thus using a chain in combination with friction, the chain works
more easily, and yet with the same certainty as before.
A
And in order that our Invention may be most fully understood, we will pro-
ceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
In Figures 1 and 2 is shewn in plan and side view of a chain for giving
motion to chain wheels constructed according to our Invention. In these
Figures a, a, are the driving links of the chain which are formed to fit the
teeth of the wheels, with which the chain is to work, and are similar to the
links of chains used for giving motion to chain wheels heretofore constructed,
and b, b are what we call the guard links, placed on each side of the chain.
The guard links are kept in their places by the pins c, e which connect together
the driving links a, these guard links come on each side of the chain wheel
with which the chain is to work, and keep the chain in its place on the wheel.
By using a chain, composed as above described, of driving links formed to fit
the teeth of the chain wheels, and of guard links on each side of the driving
links, the chain wheels will not require to have flanges formed upon them to
keep the chain in its place.
Figures and 2 also show a mode of communicating motion from one shaft
or axis to another by the combined use of friction surfaces and of a chain and
chain wheels. In this Figure the friction surfaces are composed of grooved
friction wheels, there being a grooved friction wheel c' on each of the axes a¹
and b, and an intermediate grooved wheel d, which works with both the
wheels c; on each of the axes a' and b' is also a chain wheel e around which

page_text: an endless chain f, by preference constructed in the manner above described,
passes. The grooved friction wheels and the chain wheels on the axes a and
b¹, are made of suitable diameters in order that the friction wheels and the
endless chain shall cause the two axes a and b to revolve at the same relative
speeds. In place of friction wheels, other friction surfaces may be employed,
as before stated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Mathers, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
ROBERT MATHERS. (L.S.)