Improvements in the Construction of Furnaces for Effecting the Consumption of Smoke.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of Furnaces for Effecting
the Consumption of Smoke.
We, RICHARD WAINWRIGHT, and WALTER WAINWRIGHT, of 145 Kirkstall Road,
Leeds, in the County of York, Machine Brokers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
:-
Tho
Our invention relates to the construction of furnaces of steam boilers so as to
effect the consumption of smoke and thereby a saving of fuel, and consists in
providing two bridges therein. The first bridge or that nearest the fire being of
the ordinary height above the grate, the second one, which we place at a suitable
distance behind the firstnamed one is somewhat higher than it, so that smoke which
passes over the first bridge impinges against the second one and is thus baffled in its
passage along the flue to the chimney, during which it undergoes a chemical change
and is being consumed, such change being effected as hereinafter referred to.
space between the said bridges is wider at its lower than at its upper part and
forms a chamber into which air is admitted and heated, whence it passes upward
between the bridges, mixes with the smoke and gases from the fire and causes
ignition thereof and thus consumes the smoke. Beneath the first named bridge we
provide a door by which the admission of air to the said chamber is regulated at
will by the stoker and which is usually required on supplying fresh fuel to, and on
breaking up the fire, the densest smoke being generally emitted at these times.
We are aware that perforated bridges for the admission of air to the rear part of
the furnace have been employed, but these are frequently very troublesome through
becoming choked and by which they are often rendered inoperative, while the two
bridges above referred to will admit particles of fuel or ashes that may be carried
by the draught from the fire, (on coming into contact with the highest bridge,) to
fall between them into the air chamber whence they can be raked out through the
ashpit.

page_text: the Consumption of Smoke.
We, RICHARD WAINWRIGHT and WALTER WAINWRIGHT, of 145 Kirkstall Road,.
Leeds, in the County of York, Machine Brokers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :---
Our invention relates to the construction of furnaces of steam boilers so as to
effect the consumption of smoke, thereby economising fuel, for which purpose we
provide two bridges arranged to form between them a chamber larger at its lower
than at its upper part namely:-one bridge we will call the first bridge (that noxt
to the fire) which extends to an ordinary height above the grate and may either be
flat or arched on the top, and another we will call the second bridge (arched or
not) which is placed at a suitable distance behind the first and is somewhat higher
than it, the arrangement being such that smoke which passes over the first bridge
impinges against the second bridge, being thus baffled in its passage along the flue
to the chimney, during which it undergoes chemical change and combustion caused
as hereinafter described.
The first bridge may be built upon a metallic frame that may support one end of
the grate, and its upper part is made to incline backward from the fire.
When applying the invention to a boiler having an internal fire-box and flue,
the second bridge is built upon the interior of the fire box or flue in such wise that
the upper part inclines towards the first bridge and that a chamber is provided
into which air is admitted and wherein it is heated; the heated air passes upward
between the two bridges, mixed with the smoke and products of combustion from
the fire and causes further combustion and consumption of the smoke. In the
framework upon which the first bridge is erected, or in a separate framework,
a door is provided for the admission of air to the beforenamed chamber between
the two bridges which can be regulated at will by the stoker in charge; such
admission of air is usually required when fresh fuel is supplied and on breaking up
the fire, the densest smoke being generally emitted at these times.
We are aware that perforated bridges have been employed to admit air to the
rear parts of furnaces, but these are frequently very troublesome, being liable to
become choked by small particles of fuel or ashes from the furnace and are thus
rendered inoperative, whereas the above described arrangement of two bridges
will permit particles of fuel or ashes that may be carried by the draught from the
fire, on coming into contact with the second bridge (it being higher) to fall
between the two bridges into the air chamber whence they can be raked out
through the opening in the framework, beneath the first bridge into the ashpit.
The application of our invention to a Cornish boiler is illustrated Fig. 1, by a
longitudinal vertical section, Fig. 2, a transverse section on the lines 1, 1 and 2, 2,
and Fig. 3, a horizontal section; a, is the boiler shell, b, the internal firebox and
flue, c, is the framework upon which the first bridge d, is built. e is the door
and f, the rod for operating the same to admit air to the chamber g, between the

page_text: bridges, h, is the second bridge, the upper part of which inclines forward towards
the first bridge so as to form a chamber wherein air is heated before it meets the
smoke and products of combustion from the fire as and for the purpose above set
forth,
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is-
The hereinabove described arrangement of two bridges forming a chamber into
which air can be admitted in regulated quantities and wherein such air can be
heated previous to admixture with smoke and products of combustion from the fire
as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 4th day of March 1886.
Witness,
T. E. CRAVEN, C.E., Fel. Inst. Patent Agents,
24, Victoria Chambers, Leeds.
RICHARD WAINWRIGHT.
WALTER WAINWRIGHT.