IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH CABLES, WHEREBY THEIR GUTTA PERCHA OR OTHER INSULATED CORES ARE PROTECTED FROM THE RAVAGES OF INSECTS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Clifford, of the Telegraph Construction and
Maintenance Company, 38, Old Broad Street, in the City of London, Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUBMARINE
TELEGRAPH CABLES, WHEREBY THEIR GUTTA PERCHA OR OTHER INSULATED
CORES ARE PROTECTED FROM THE RAVAGES OF INSECTS."
Sealed the 18th April 1878, and dated the 23rd January 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Clifford at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd January 1878.
HENRY CLIFFORD, of the Telegraph Construction and Maintenance Company,
38, Old Broad Street, in the City of London, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH CABLES, WHEREBY THEIR GUTTA PERCHA
OR OTHER INSULATED CORES ARE PROTECTED FROM THE RAVAGES OF INSECTS."
My Invention relates to the manufacture of submarine telegraph cables, the object
being to protect the gutta percha or insulated core from the ravages of various
insects to which in different places they are exposed.
In carrying my Invention into effect I first prepare a tape or ribband in the
following manner-Felt, calico, or other fibrous material is coated with a mixture
of rezin and rezin oil or marine glue, and whilst the mixture or compound is in a
warm soft state the felt, calico, or other fibrous material is pressed upon one or both
sides of thin wire gauze, sheet brass, Muntz metal, lead, or other metal, and to
insure its perfect adhesion to the metal it is pressed between a pair of rollers; or
the metal may be coated with the rezin oil and rezin or marine glue in the same
way. It is then cut into tapes or ribbands of such a width as may be required; or
single tapes or ribbands of felt, calico, or other fibrous material may be coated with.
the rezin oil and rezin or marine glue, and made to adhere to the metal tapes of the
same width; or the fibrous tape may be twice the width of the metal tape, and
folded over longitudinally, so as to cover both sides of the metal tape or ribband.
This prepared tape or ribband is then laid round the gutta percha or insulated.core
Prics A 1

page_text: or cores in a spiral form, each overlap as it passes through the closing rollers of the
machine being pressed against the neighbouring underlap, thus forming a compact
covering and protection to the gutta percha or other insulated core. The usual
covering of jute is then served over the prepared tape. The core thus has a covering
or sheathing of metal coated with the rezin oil and rezin or marine glue, or is
covered with the metal sheathing combined with the coated calico, tape, or other
fibrous material. These may be either served on the core separately, or the calico
tape and mixture immediately next the core may be covered with the metal tape,
and this again covered with the tape of calico coated with the mixture, but I prefer
the tape being prepared before going on the core, as the heat required for making it
adhere would be dangerous to the gutta percha or other insulated core.
I wish it to be distinctly understood that neither the employment of marine glue,
nor rezin and rezin oil, nor any other part of this Invention, is intended to improve
insulation or protect the core from corrosion or moisture, the object of the Invention
being, simply to protect the gutta percha or other insulated cores of submarine
telegraph cables from the ravages of various insects to which in certain parts of the
world they are exposed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Clifford in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th July
1878.
HENRY CLIFFORD, of the Telegraph Construction and Maintenance Company,
38, Old Broad Street, in the City of London, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH CABLES, WHEREBY THEIR GUTTA PERCHA
OR OTHER INSULATED CORES ARE PROTECTED FROM THE RAVAGES OF INSECTS."
My Invention relates to the manufacture of submarine telegraph cables, the object
being to protect the gutta percha or insulated core from the ravages of various
insects to which in different places they are exposed.
In carrying my Invention into effect I first prepare a tape or ribband in the
following manner-Felt, calico, or other fibrous material is coated with a mixture
of resin and resin oil, or marine glue, or pitch and resin oil, or any other adhesive
compound, and whilst the mixture or compound is in a warm soft state the felt,
calico, or other fibrous material is pressed upon one or on both sides of thin wire
gauze, sheet brass, Muntz metal, lead, or other metal, and to insure its perfect
adhesion to the metal it may be pressed between a pair of rollers; or the metal
may be coated with the resin oil and resin, or marine glue, or pitch and resin oil, or
other adhesive compound in the same way. It is then cut into tapes or ribbands of
such a width as may be required; or single tapes or ribbands of felt, calico, or other
fibrous material may be coated with the resin oil and resin and marine glue, or
pitch and resin oil, or any other adhesive compound, and made to adhere to the
metal tapes of the same width; or the fibrous tape may be twice the width of the
metal tape, and folded over longitudinally, so as to cover both sides of the metal

page_text: tape or ribband. This prepared tape or ribband is then laid round the gutta percha
or insulated core or cores in a spiral form, each overlap as it passes through
the closing rollers of the machine being pressed against the neighbouring underlap,
thus forming a compact covering, and affording protection to the gutta percha or
other insulated core. The usual covering of jute is then served over this protecting
tape. The core thus has a covering or sheathing of metal coated with resin oil and
resin, or marine glue, or pitch and resin oil, or any other adhesive compound, or is
covered with the metal sheathing combined with the coated calico tape or other
fibrous material. These are by preference served on the core separately, the metal
tape being wound spirally round it, and this again covered with the tape of calico
coated with the mixture and wound round in opposite spirals to the metal tape;
the usual covering of jute is then served on.
I wish it to be distinctly understood that neither the employment of marine
glue, nor resin, nor resin oil, or compound, nor any other part of this Invention, is
intended to improve insulation or protect the core from corrosion or moisture, the
object of the Invention being simply to protect the gutta percha or other insulated
cores of submarine telegraph cables from the ravages of various insects to which in
certain parts of the world they are exposed.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the improvements in the manu-
facture of submarine telegraph cables, whereby their gutta percha or other insulated
cores are protected from the ravages of insects, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Clifford, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eleventh day of July, One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-eight.
HENRY CLIFFORD. (L.S.)