AND CONTRIVANCES FOR, VENTILATING BROUGHAMS, AND OTHER CARRIAGES in what manner the same is to be performed, to be as
Year: 1884

page_text: We EDWARD HILLS Junior and WILLIAM HOLTUM HILLS (trading as E. Hills
& Sons) of 54 Castle Street Dover in the County of Kent Coach builders do
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF,
hereby declare the nature of our invention for "
AND CONTRIVANCES FOR, VENTILATING BROUGHAMS, AND OTHER CARRIAGES
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
and
This invention applies to an improved system of ventilating Broughams, Coaches
or other close carriages whereby the impure or vitiated air is effectually expelled
from and fresh air admitted to the interior of such vehicles without causing
draught to the occupants.
Our invention consists principally of a ventilating shaft or tube tapered on plan,
and extending from front to back of the interior of the brougham or other carriage
immediately beneath the roof.
By a forward movement of the carriage a current of fresh air is caused to pass
through this shaft or tube and in so doing draws the impure or vitiated air from
the interior of the carriage through oblique openings or air passages in the sides
of the shaft or tube, into the latter and finally expels, or passes with, it through
the other end of the shaft or tube and through the back of the carriage into the
atmosphere.
In combination with the ventilating shaft or tube we use contrivances for
admitting fresh air to the interior of the carriage to take the place of the
withdrawn vitiated air and in such a manner as not to cause draught to the
occupants.
And in order that our said invention may be well understood we shall proceed
more particularly to describe the same reference being made to the accompanying
sheet of drawings whereon like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in
the respective figures.
Fig. 1 is a side sectional outline of a brougham or carriage showing the
application of our invention thereto.
Figure 2 is a detached sectional plan, Figure 3 a side or edge view, and Figures 4
and 5 front and back end views respectively, to an enlarged scale of the ventilating
shaft or tube A seen in figure 1.
.

page_text: A represents a rectangular shaped ventilating shaft or tube made of metal,
wood, vulcanite or other suitable material placed on the interior of the carriage B
against the roof and extending from front to back of the carriage body B. This
shaft or tube A is tapered on plan (see figure 2) or where it sets against the roof
of the carriage B (figure 1) its widest end being placed in the back and its
narrowest end at the front of the carriage B. Along each side of the shaft or
tube A (Figures 2 and 3) are arranged obliquely a series of apertures or air
passages C which open from the interior of the carriage B into the shaft or tube A
and converge towards the widest or exit end of the latter. Through the front of
the carringe body B are openings communicating with an opening (or openings) C
in the front or narrowest end of the shaft or tube A and through the back of the
carriage body B is an opening communicating with the opening C2 in the widest
or exit end of the shaft or tube A.
By this arrangement, on a forward movement of the carriage B, a current of
fresh air is induced to pass through the shaft or tube A. from end to end, and by
its velocity and action tends to form a vacuum at each aperture or air passage C
whereby the impure or vitiated air is sucked or drawn through the apertures or
air passages C into the shaft or tube A whence it is carried or expelled by the
current of fresh air through the widest or exit end of the shaft or tube A and
through the back of the carriage B into the atmosphere. The apertures or air
passages C. C. C³ are covered at both ends with sheets of fine gauze or perforated
metal as shown, so that each sheet being separated by a vacant space will
intercept and prevent any violent or sudden rush of air or draught entering the
shaft or tube A. and carriage B, but at the same time allow the impure or vitiated
air to be drawn through the apertures or air passages C without hinderance.
The opening through the back of the carriage body B for the exit of the vitiated
air is protected on the inside by a covering of gauze or perforated metal and on.
the outside by a specially constructed metal frame D (shown more particularly in
elevation and end view respectively Figures 6 and 7) which is attached to the
outside of the carriage body B by 'screws, pins, or otherwise.
On the inner face of the frame D is a socket or flange E which extends
through and a little beyond the carriage body frame its bottom portion being
inclined slightly upwards so as to effectually prevent any possibility of water finding
its way under the outer leather covering of the carriage body B. The upper part
of this frame D is formed with a hood or projecting piece F which overhangs the
opening in the body frame and excludes the entrance of wind or rain to the
carriage B.
If desired in lieu of making the ventilating shaft or tube A of a shallow
rectangular form as shewn we may make it square, cylindrical, oval or any other
shape that may be deemed expedient.
For admitting fresh air into the carriage B to take the place of the vitiated air
carried off by the ventilating shaft or tube A we may form apertures or passages G
(Figures 1 and 8) through the carriage body B immediately under the front glass
frames the apertures G being concealed on the inside of the carriage B by curved
cover plates or shields H (figures 8. 9. 10) which may be of any suitable design
composed of metal, vulcanite or other substance and are for the purpose of protecting
or shielding the occupants of the carriage from draught as well as to direct the
incoming current of fresh air directly against and over the surface of the windows
for preventing the accumulation of vapour thereon. We may also make small
openings through the bottom parts of the door glass fraines into which openings
are inserted small metal eyelets or tubes I. (figures 11 and 12) having projecting
rims or flanges for securing them to the frames and protecting the cloth or velvet
with which the latter are usually covered.
In addition to more perfect ventilation another great advantage obtained by the
use of our invention is that when closing the door the air in the carriage which
would otherwise be thereby compressed escapes through the ventilating shaft or

page_text: tube A and thus diminishes the violent concussion hitherto resulting from the
sudden shutting of the door when all the glass frames are in their closed position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is: —
1. The construction and application of a tube or shaft in combination (or not)
with suitable contrivances for the admission and direction of fresh air, to
broughams and other close carriages, substantially as and for the purposes herein-
before described and shown by figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, on the
accompanying drawing.
2. The construction and combination with the ventilating shaft or tube, of a
metal frame substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and shewn
by figures 6 and 7 on the accompanying drawing.
3. The construction and application of cover plates or shields to the inlet
passages for air substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described by
figures 8, 9. and 10 on the accompanying drawing.
EDWARD W. FURRELL, M. Inst. M.E.,
Agent,
Bank Buildings,
124, Chancery Lane, W.C.