IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING MACHINES AND IN PIRNS OR YARN HOLDERS AND SHUTTLES, A PART OF WHICH IMPROVE- MENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER MACHINES REQUIRING VARYING MOTION
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Boyd and Thomas Alex-
ander Boyd at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 25th January 1868.
We, JOHN BOYD and THOMAS ALEXANDER BOYD, both of Glasgow,
in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING MACHINES
AND IN PIRNS OR YARN HOLDERS AND SHUTTLES, A PART OF WHICH IMPROVE-
MENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER MACHINES REQUIRING VARYING MOTION," to
be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to winding machines and to pirns or yarn
holders and shuttles, and comprises amongst other things various
improved contrivances for obtaining varying motions in such machines,
which contrivances are applicable for obtaining similar motions in
other machines.
In one arrangement for obtaining varying motions a disc pulley
driven by a belt or otherwise is nipped between the edges of two
pulleys, one or both of which are to be driven. The disc pulley
is carried by a lever or otherwise so that it can be moved by a
cam or otherwise, and it drives the pulleys more quickly or more

page_text: slowly, accordingly as its movement brings the points of contact
further from or nearer to its centre. No separate loose pulley is
required for stopping the machine, as the disc pulley becomes a loose
one when the nipping pressure of the driven pulleys is removed, to
effect which a lever may be provided.
In a modification of this arrangement the frictional driving pulley
drives by its edge, being nipped between two discs on the ends of
two shafts, one or both of which are to be driven, the motion being
varied by the shifting of the driving pulley further from or nearer to
the centres of the driven discs. Both modifications may be used
simply as adjustable motions.
Another arrangement for obtaining varying motion is susceptible
of various modifications, and in some of these a pulley for receiving a
driving belt is applied eccentrically to a toothed wheel, cylinder, or
shaft to be turned. If toothed wheels are employed these may be
circular and with tecth exactly like ordinary uniform gearing, instead
of having to be specially shaped as in eccentric gearing as hitherto
made; elliptical or oval wheels may however also be used. The pulley
may be applied eccentrically to a toothed wheel, the centre of which
is either movable or stationary. In the former case the spindles
will be generally in the centre of the pulley, and must be carried in
levers or in a swinging frame to accommodate the oscillating movement
due to the eccentricity, whilst in the latter case the periodical
slackening of the belt must be taken up by any suitable known
means. The eccentric pulley may be used for receiving the uniform
motion or for giving off the varying motion from the train of gearing.
A circular toothed wheel may be used instead of the belt pulley herein-
before mentioned.
Another improvement in winding machines consists in fitting short
tapered pins or spindles in the apices of the conical cups or formers
to act as a centre on which to wind the yarn to suit pirns made
without stems or spindles, but only with conical bottoms. The arrange-
ment will also suit for winding cops on short paper or other tubes
or without tubes.
The improvement in pirns consists in making each pirn with a
conical or other bottom of wood or other suitable material and with a
tubular spindle of metal. In this way a stronger and more durable
pirn is made which will hold considerably more yarn than the ordinary

page_text: ones made wholly of wood, whilst it can be put on the ordinary
shuttle skewer or on a spindle just like the common ones.
Another improvement relating to pirns relates also to shuttles, and
consists in holding the pirn on the shuttle skewer by a flange or
lip formed on a piece attached to the skewer shank, such flange
entering a groove formed round the pirn bottom. The pirn bottom is
cut away at one part to allow the flange to enter into the groove as
the pirn is being pushed upon the skewer; the pirn is then turned
partly round, when the flange will prevent it from getting off.