IMPROVE- MENTS ON CONTINUOUS UNIVERSAL SELF-ACTING SPINNING MULES FOR ROVING FINE & DOUBLE SPINNING
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Philipp Rudolph Dreyscharff, of Chemnitz,
Kingdom of Saxony, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS ON CONTINUOUS UNIVERSAL SELF-ACTING SPINNING MULES FOR
ROVING FINE & DOUBLE SPINNING."
Sealed the 31st October 1871, and dated the 5th September 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Philipp Rudolph
Dreyscharff at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 5th September 1871.
I, PHILIPP RUDOLPH DREYSCHARFF, of Chemnitz, Kingdom of Saxony,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS ON CONTINUOUS UNIVERSAL SELF-ACTING SPINNING MULES FOR
ROVING FINE & DOUBLE SPINNING," to be as follows :—
The main shaft of this spinning mule rests in bearings and is
provided at one end with a driving pulley, in the middle with a tooth
wheel, and near it with two driving drums, one of which is fixed.
This tooth wheel gears into and drives another tooth wheel, on which
another sits, both running on a bolt which is fixed to the regulating

page_text: standard. This last-mentioned tooth wheel also gears into another tooth
wheel, which is placed on the shaft, and so drives the latter. From this
shaft an endless worm drives the vertical shaft by means of a tooth
wheel. At the bottom of this shaft is an eccentric, which through its
motion and by means of fixed rollers causes a reciprocating forward 5
and backward action of the rack. This rack, which is guided by two
horizontal bolts, gears into a tooth wheel, which is placed on the
vertical shaft with a larger tooth wheel, the said shaft being held from
above by a head bolt and also supported in a socket beneath. The
large tooth wheel drives a horizontal quadrant, which is provided with 1
a spindle without thread and a cut spindle. The smooth spindle stands
at the pivot, where the quadrant by means of a vertical bolt rests in a
socket, and through a bevel wheel in conjunction with another bevel
wheel which is placed on a tube, on which another bevel wheel is
fastened; and these bevel wheels advance towards the bolt which is 1
fastened to the quadrant. This second bevel wheel gears into another
bevel wheel which is fastened to a tube near the large escapement
wheel, which are both held by a head bolt.
There is also an upward and a downward turning shaft, on the latter
of which a lever is fastened. On the small bolt which is screwed
thereon is fixed a connecting rod, which is again connected with an
angle lever in the same manner by a small bolt. Under this bent lover
is fixed a bolt which directs a long horizontal lever at each swinging of
the differential capstan. So soon as this differential capstan at the
commencement of the thread spinning makes an upward motion towards
the cylinder, the long horizontal lever allows the trigger (with which
it is united through a rod which is fastened on both sides by bolts and
roses) to fall in the escapement wheel, and thus stop the whole of the
bevel wheels, so that the bevel wheel on the smooth quadrant spindle
must necessarily turn towards the opposite side while the quadrant
itself moves towards the inside. Through this movement the cut
spindle, which is united with the smooth spindle through tooth wheels,
makes a movement in the opposite direction to the smooth spindle, so
that (the spindle being cut left) it must drive the slide with the screwed-
in bolt forward towards the tooth wheels.
At the commencement of the cop the slide is beneath and near the
pivot, so that in the beginning it pushes two rods which are connected
by two regulating standards, and on which are strap guides, and the

page_text: straps from the cones only a few inches backwards and forwards;
through which movement the perpendicular winding spindles through
the connection of the cylinder with the front cone are reduced to a
slightly slower motion as the constantly increasing cop requires, until
at last the cop is complete, the slide has arrived at the upper end of
the cut spindle, and so pushes the strap towards the thickest end of
the front cone as to bring the speed of the winding spindles to the
minimum.
From a bevel wheel the vertical shaft receives (through a gearing
bovel wheel) its revolving motion, which brings the under horizontal
cone through two bevel wheels into motion, wherefrom the before-
mentioned differential speed of the winding spindles is dependent.
On the other side of the vertical shaft is an endless worm which
drives a toothed wheel which is placed on another shaft. Further
forward on this shaft is placed another endless worm which sets in
motion a double wheel placed on a box, and from this double wheel by.
aid of a tooth wheel the shaft receives its motion. On this shaft is also
placed an endless worm which gently propels in an advancing direction a
moveable rack which is inside the frame. Through this advancing move-
ment the driving eccentric, attached to a block on the rotary shaft by
aid of a double claw brought on the rail, is also pushed forward towards
the side of the spindles, so that the bolt (placed in the appointed angle
and fastened to a lever through a roller) is successively pressed under
that through the opposite lever, which has its pivot on the regulating
standard, the winder-up is brought to its ascending and descending
motions, and in this manner the cop is completed.
The motion of the cylinder is as follows:-Behind the main shaft is
a shaft on which is placed a third wheel which drives the double
wheel on the regulating standard. This double wheel is placed on the
running rod with a bevel wheel which receives its motion from a tooth
wheel. This bevel wheel sets in motion a second bevel wheel on the
horizontal shaft, which further through two other bevel wheels sets in
motion the cylinder. This has at the opposite end a small tooth wheel
which by aid of the small wheel sets in motion a cylinder which is
provided with a small tooth wheel. Both the back cylinders which
(like the others) rest in bosses receive their speed through tooth wheels,
which are brought on the side and placed together. The back cylinder

page_text: and the winding-off drum are brought into a corresponding rotation,
so that the roving spool on the drum held by the bosses is driven off.
Between the two double cylinders lies the so-called "strand
apparatus," which consists of two parallel running rails united by bolts,
and fixed to the frame by angles. These rails are for each spindle i
provided with cavities, in which the tombac reservoirs are pushed, and
in which the pipes rest, which are slightly inclined from the middle,
are provided with a crank, and are obliquely bored, through which the
strands are produced.
The back tombac reservoirs are let in deeper, and have rounded
cheeks beneath, which rest on a kind of double-acting cam, and
are screwed on washered bolts, and thus held in their horizontal
position.
Between each two winding spindles is fastened in front an egg-shaped
bent spring fixed to the above laying wooden rail by screws at equal
distances from the spindles, which are provided with small brake
wheels, and which has on both sides a small fixed pin. As soon as a
thread breaks the "turner-on" presses the spring towards the required
spindle, sets the upper cylinder with the left hand into its proper carrier
in direction for the second given spindle, turns with the right hand {
the washered bolt half round towards the right, so that the back
tombac reservoir on the strand apparatus falls into the cavity in the
double-acting cam, and the pipe will in consequence of the slack thread
which lies on and is driven by the drum immediately stand still. By
drawing the thread through the pipe (the same as in the water machine) :
it is necessary to make by means of the flying bolt a half turn to the
right, through which the pipe will be again brought to its former
horizontal position; turn with the right hand the broken strands on
again, while the left hand brings the cylinder (which has been resting
in its carrier) in its proper place, on which the knee once more allows
the spring (which had previously served as a brake) its full play.
For forming the cop a double-going right-hand endless worm gears
in the tooth wheel. This last is placed with a lever provided with a
pressure peg on the same bolt, which turns in an angle plate on the
inside of the right frame wall. At the commencement of the cop this 8
lever stands perpendicular, so that the peg thercon works its full
pressure on the half-round headed bolt (which has its head beneath

page_text: and is screwed in the rack), and so causes at first a rapid advance,
coming however gradually towards the left side in a constantly
increasing oblique direction, and travelling consequently slower onwards.
as the cop increases. As soon as the cop is completed the endless worm
gears the rack (which stands in the wheel), and pushes the same
regularly forward till the removal can begin.
The bosses in which the back cylinders rest consist of two parts,
which where the first cylinder rests form a joint so that the second
cylinder can by means of a screw under the head in the joint piece be
raised or lowered either towards the long or short shaft.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Philipp Rudolph Dreyscharff in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 5th March 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PHILIPP
RUDOLPH DREYSCHARFF, of Chemnitz, Kingdom of Saxony, Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Philipp Rudolph Dreyscharff, Her special
license that I, the said Philipp Rudolph Dreyscharff, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Philipp
Rudolph Dreyscharff, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS ON CONTINUOUS UNIVERSAL SELF-
ACTING SPINNING MULES FOR ROVING FINE AND DOUBLE SPINNING," upon the
condition (amongs others) that I, the said Philipp Rudolph Dreyscharff,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same was to be performed, and cause the same to bo filed in the Great
Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Philipp Rudolph Dreyscharff, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner t
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawing forming a part of this Specification:-
The main shaft a, Figure 3, which rests in the two bearings b, b, is
provided at one end with the driving pulley c, in the middle with the 1
tooth wheel d, and near it with the two driving drums e, f, the latter of
which is the fixed drum. The toothed wheel d gears into and drives
the tooth wheel 9, on which another tooth wheel sits, and both
running on the bolt k which is fixed to the regulating standard i. The
tooth wheel / also gears into the tooth wheel 7, which is placed on the 1
shaft m, Figure 2, and so drives the latter. From this shaft m tho
endless worm n, Figure 2, drives the vertical shaft o, Figure 1, by means
of the tooth wheel p. At the bottom of this shaft is an excentric q,
which through its motion and by means of the fixed rollers s, t, causes
a reciprocating forward and backward action of the rack r. This rack,
which is guided by the two horizontal bolts u, v, goars into the tooth
wheel w, which is placed on the vertical shaft y with the large tooth
wheel x, the said shaft being held from above by the head bolt z,
Figures 2 and 3, and supported in the socket a¹ bencath. The large
tooth wheel x drives the horizontal quadrant 6', Figure 2, which is 2
provided with a spindle without thread c' and a cut spindle ď,
Figure 2.
The smooth spindle stands at the pivot where the quadrant by means
of the vertical bolt e¹ rests in the socket f, and through the bevel
whocl g' in conjunction with the bevel wheel ', Figure 1. This bevel 3
wheel /' is placed on the tube ¹, on which also the bevel wheel k¹ is
fastened, and with the bevel wheel ¹ advances towards the bolt c',
which is fastened to the quadrant. The bevel wheel k³ gears into
another bevel wheel , Figures 2 and 3, which is fastened to the
tube n¹ near the large escapement wheel m', both being held by the a

page_text: There is further p' the upward and q' the opposite turning shaft,
on the latter of which the lever s' is fastened. On the small bolt
which is screwed thereon is fixed a connecting rod 1, which is again
connected with the angle lever ³ in the same manner by a small bolt.
Under this bent lever is fixed a bolt which directs the long horizontal
lever v' at each swinging of the differential capstan. So soon as this
differential capstan at the commencement of the thread spinning makes
an upward motion towards the cylinder the long lover allows the
trigger w' (with which it is united through the rod x', which is fastened
on both sides by bolts and roses, as shewn in the Drawings,) to fall in
the escapement wheel m³, and thus stop all the bevel wheels so that the
bevel wheel g¹ on the smooth quadrant spindle must necessarily turn
towards the opposite side, while the quadrant itself moves towards the
inside. Through this movement the cut spindle, which is united with
the smooth spindle through the tooth wheels y' and ', makes a movement
in the opposite direction to the smooth spindle, so that (the spindle
being cut left) it must drive the slide a¹ with the screwed-in bolt ¿'
forward therefore towards the tooth wheel.
As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the cop is finished and the slide in its
last place. At the commencement of the cop the slide is beneath not
far from the pivot, so that in the beginning it pushes both the rods c³
and (which are connected by the two regulating standards e³ and ƒ³,
and on which are the strap guides g³, ³, Figure 3, as well as the straps
from the cones ³, 1, and P, m³,) only a few inches backwards and
forwards, through which movement the perpendicular winding spindles
through the connection of the cylinder n³ with the front cone m³ are
reduced to a slightly slower motion as the constantly increasing cop
requires until at last the cop is complete, the slide has arrived at the
upper end of the cut spindle, and so pushes the strap towards the
thickest end of the front conc as to bring the speed of the winding
spindles to the minimum.
Respecting the object of the motion of the winding conc, the shaft m
has (on the side shown on the main shaft of the great pulley wheel)
the tooth wheel o³, Figure 2, which gears with another wheel p³. The
latter is placed with the bevel wheel q³ on the same bolt, which through
a screwed-on box is brought horizontally on the frame wall. From
the last bevel wheel the vertical shaft receives (through a gearing
bevel wheel &²) its revolving motion, which brings the under horizontal

page_text: cone through two bevel wheels ³, v³, into motion, wherefrom the
before-mentioned differential speed of the winding spindles is dependant.
On the other side of the shaft m is an endless worm 10³, which drives
the tooth wheel y3 which is placed on the shaft. Further forward on
this shaft is placed the endless worm 23, which sets in motion the .double
wheel B³, Figure 1, placed on a box, and from this double wheel by
aid of the tooth wheel B¹ the shaft B receives its motion. On this shaft
is also placed an endless worm B³, which gently propels in an advancing
direction the moveable rack S shown inside the frame on the rail E.
Through this advancing movement the driving eccentric n³ on a block
on the rotary shaft J by aid of the double claw n' brought on the rail E
is also pushed forward towards the side of the spindles, so that the
bolt n³ (placed in the appointed angle and fastened to the lever u
through the roller thereon) is successively pressed under that through
the opposite lever u, which has its pivot on the regulating standard o,
the winder-up p' is brought to its ascending and descending motions, as
shown in Figures 1 and 3), and in this manner the cop is completed.
The motion of the cylinder is as follows:-Behind the main shaft is
the shaft m, on which is placed a third wheel S', which drives the double
wheel S' on the regulating standard v, which said double wheel S³ is
placed on the running rod W with the bevel wheel X, which receives
its motion from the tooth wheel W¹. The before-mentioned bevel
wheel X sets in motion the second bevel wheel X' on the horizontal
shaft X', which further through the two bevel wheels X³ and p¹ sets in
motion the cylinder J³. This has at the opposite end a small tooth
wheel E¹, which by aid of the small wheel J' imparts motion to the
cylinder J³, which is provided with a small tooth wheel J. Both the
back cylinders which (like the others) rest in bosses receive their speed
through the tooth wheels 1, 2, 3, 4, Figure 2, which are brought on the
side, and being for simplicity's sake placed together need no further
explanation. From the back cylinder in a similar manner 5, 6, 7, and
the winding-off drum S resting in the bosses T' are brought into a
corresponding rotation, so that the roving spool X' on the drum S' held
by the before-named bosses is driven off.
"strand
Between the two double cylinders lies the so-called
apparatus," which consists of two parallel running rails c' and c³ united
by bolts and fixed to the frame by angles. These rails are provided
with cavitics for cach spindle, in which the tombac reservoirs C are

page_text: pushed, and in which the pipes E', which are slightly inclined from the
middle, rest provided with a crank and are obliquely bored, through
which the strands are produced.
The back tombac reservoirs C are let in deeper and, as clearly shown
in Figure 4, have rounded checks beneath, which rest on a kind of
double-acting cam C³ and are screwed on washered bolts C³, and thus
are held in their horizontal position.
Between each two winding spindles is fastened in front an egg-shaped
bent spring N³, Figure 1, fixed to the above laying wooden rail ♂ª by
screws at equal distances from the spindles (which are provided with
small brake wheels N³), and which has on both sides as small fixed pin.
As soon as a thread breaks the "turner-on" presses the spring towards
the required spindle, sets the upper cylinder with the left hand into the
proper carrier³ (as seen in Figures 2 and 3) in direction for the second
given spindle, turns with the right hand the washered bolt C³, Figure 4,
half round towards the right, so that the back tombac reservoir on the
strand apparatus falls into the cavity in the double-acting cam 0³, and
the pipe will in consequence of the slack thread which lies on and is
driven by the drum J, Figure 2, immediately stand still. By drawing
the thread through the pipe (the same as in the water machine) it is
necessary to make by means of the flying bolt a half turn to the right,
through which the pipe will be again brought to its former horizontal
position; turn with the right hand the broken strands on again, while
the left hand brings the cylinder (which has been resting in its carrier)
in its proper place, on which the knee once more allows the spring
(which had previously served as a break) its full play.
The above-described manipulations take place if not simultaneously
yet so quickly in succession that it is only the work of a moment, a loss
of time which certainly cannot be calculated, and as to serving, it is
equally as casy as that of the water machine.
For the purpose of forming the cop the shaft B, Figures 2 and 3, is
provided with a double-going right-hand endless worm U, which gears
into the tooth wheel, Figures 1 and 3. This last is placed with the
lever o (which is provided with a pressure peg) on the same bolt
which turns in the screwed-on angle plate n³ on the inside of the right
frame wall. At the commencment of the cop this lover stands per-

page_text: pendicular (as shown in Figure 3) so that the peg thereon works its full
pressure on the half-round headed bolt 8, Figures 2 and 3 (which has
its head beneath and is screwed in the rack), and so causes at first a
rapid advance. The same comes however gradually towards the left
side in a constantly increasing oblique direction, and travels conse- 5
quently slower onwards as the cop increases. As soon as the cop is
completed the endless worm (found further to the left side) gears into
the rack, which stands in the wheel, and pushes the same regularly
forward till the removal can begin.
The bosses in which the back cylinders rest are shown in Figure 5, 1
and are formed as follows:-They consist of two parts H', H³, which
where the first cylinder rests form a joint, so that the second cylinder
through the screw o³ under the head in the joint piece II' can be raised
or lowered either towards the long or the short shaft.
In the Drawings the machine is shown with 16 spindles, but the 1
number of spindles may be varied according to choice or requirement.
As the back cylinders and the so-called driving-off materials prove (sce
Drawings) it is very suitable for carded yarn, its application for cotton
and worsted yarn could only be effected by the necessary modifications
being made as for all other conditions (through changing of speed 2
according to the intended alteration, as also the general construction,
i.c., without prolixity) have been taken into account. The screws
and slides arc for convenience mostly marked by circles, and the
side views of the tooth and bevel wheels are only marked by dotted
lincs.
The reason of the cut quadrant spindles (Sheets 2 and 5) not lying
in the angle with the machine itself is because the spindle is thicker
where the cop commences than above, so that it must go more slowly
at the beginning than afterwards when the cop is increasing.
2
The strap guides which are requisite for the fast and loose pulleys 3
are not shewn in the Drawing, as they would hide part of the
machine.
The ballasting of the differential capstan is of no particular
importance when it is not inserted therein by the carrying out of the
before-mentioned machine with a larger number of spindles, and the 3
customary spiral springs come into use.

page_text: The special advantages of this machine over those at present in use
and which prove its superiority are,—
1. Being as its name states “continuous" it spins without the taking
out and replacing of the carriage, and so requires only half as much
space as all self-actors of the old method.
2. It requires (from the before-given grounds) only half as much
power as any other.
:
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3. It delivers (the chucking of the carriage usual in self-acting mules
and of the spool in water machines being avoided) a more equal
texture, and also from the same reasons much less material can be used
than by any other machine.
4. It spins the coarsest numbers as well as the finest cotton, and
combed wool.equally as well as carded yarn.
5. It does not require a weaver to each machine, but on the contrary
one weaver can overlook 3 or 4 machines, as his presence is only
required by the taking-off, and for all other purposes a turner-on is
sufficient.
6. The winding spindles can have the greatest possible speed and any
requisite length, as the ballasting cannot take the least effect on the
turning action, so that the same can take up the largest possible
number of threads, through, which it brings the taking-out to a
minimum.
7. Can entirely prevent the hitherto unavoidable rebound which
occurs in other machines at facing-up.
8. The previously considerable expenses caused by the out and in
screwing of the carriage is entirely avoided, as also the leathered cham-
bered cylinders of the so-called printing tools, which are both replaced
by smooth cylinders.