Improvements in Apparatus for Raising, Lowering, Balancing, and Holding in Position Carriage, Railway Carriage, and all other Windows, Shutters, and similar Contrivances without the Aid of Cords or Chains and Pulleys.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 9th July, 1889-Accepted, 17th Aug., 18º9
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Raising, Lowering, Balancing, and
Holding in Position Carriage, Railway Carriage, and all other
Windows, Shutters, and similar Contrivances without the Aid of
Cords or Chains and Pulleys.
ARNOLD WILLIAM JAMES SWINDELLS of 6 Slade Grove, Slade Lane Longsight
Manchester, Warehouseman, and WILLIAM SYDNEY PEEL 47 Nelson Street Oxford
Road Manchester, traveller, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Our improvements relate to the raising, lowering, balancing and holding in position,
carriage, railway carriage and all other windows, shutters and similar contrivances
without the aid of cords or chains and pulleys. We attach a straight cog or toothed
rack down each end of both sashes and fix four cog wheels in the frame so as to
work in the straight cogs, we then convert the weights into straight cogs or toothed-
racks which can be made either solid or hollow (these we term straight cog--
weights) each of these cog-weights corresponds in length with the straight cog fixed.
in the sash. We then place the straight cog-weights, belonging to the bottom sash,
at the top resting on the cog-wheels fixed in the frame, so that as the sash is raised
the cog-weights descend and as the sash is lowered, the cog-weights ascend. The
cog-weights are made sufficiently heavy to counter balance the weight of the sash.
For the top sash the cog-weights are placed at the bottom, resting on the cog-wheels
fixed in the frame, and act in the same manner. The cog-weights are cogged or
toothed at right angles so that one row of cogs on the cog-weights faces the cog-
wheel, while the other row faces inwards, and between each of these we place a cased
cog-wheel, that by means of a spring or weight attached to a lever can be forced
between the cogs, which face inwards, or withdrawn at pleasure. The object of this
being to raise or lower one sash by the other; for as the bottom sash is raised the
cog-weights attached to it, by the cog-wheels in the frame will descend, and by
forcing the cased cog-wheels between the teeth of the cog-weights facing inwards,
will cause the cog-weights of the upper sash to ascend and thereby take off the weight
from the top sash which is thereby caused to descend. The cased cog-wheel which
forms the connector is placed upon a pinion of sufficient length to admit of its sliding
between the teeth of the cog-weights, facing inwards, and is forced into its position by
means of a spring or weight and is controlled by a lever which is kept in place by a
slot or catch emerging from the frame, so that the cased cog-wheel can be put in
action from the outside of the frame; the levers may be joined by means of a rod
running from one side of the frame to the other, so that by moving either lever the
other will be acted upon. The cog-weights may be made with or without rollers
attached round the top and bottom to facilitate their working.
By means of this Improved Apparatus the sashes may be worked separately or
simultaneously and the same may be applied to existing windows etc.
Dated this Twenty first day of November 1888.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Raising, Lowering, Balancing, and
Holding in Position Carriage, Railway Carriage, and all other
Windows, Shutters, and similar Contrivances without the Aid of
Cords or Chains and Pulleys.
We, ARNOLD WILLIAM JAMES SWINDELLS, of 6 Slade Grove, Slade Lane, Long-
sight, Manchester, Warehouseman, and WILLIAM SYDNEY PEEL, 47 Nelson Street,
Oxford Road, Manchester, Traveller, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that class of vertically sliding windows, shutters, and the
like, which are balanced by means of a weight connected with the sash or frame by
means of racks and pinions gearing together without the aid of cords or chains.
The invention is chiefly intended to be applied to ordinary house windows or
railway carriage windows and as applied to such it will be fully described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1, is a sectional elevation of ordinary house window. (one sash removed)
constructed with our improvements.
Fig. 2, end elevation of same with part of the style removed.
Fig. 3, sectional plan.
Fig. 4, perspective view showing form of rack preferred.
Fig. 5, front elevation of railway carriage door partly in section.
Fig. 6, end elevation of same in section.
Fig. 7, plan of same in section.
Referring to figs. 1 to 4 the window sash A, is constructed in the ordinary way
with a toothed rack B, inserted in each edge, each rack gearing with a pinion C, fixed
into the styles D, of the window frame. The pinions C, of which there are four, two
at each side, are carried on spindle c, preferably supported by a metal bracket d, fixed
into the style of the frame. The window sashes are balanced by rack weights E,
placed at the other side of the pinions C, into which they also gear. The racks E
are formed with teeth on two sides, the teeth being set at right angles to each other
(preferably of the shape shown in detail fig. 4). When in position the two racks in
the same style of the window frame, with one set of teeth, gear with the pinions C,
while the other set of teeth face each other, so as to be capable of gearing with a
pinion F, on a spindle at right angles to the spindle c of pinions C. The pinion F,
which gears with the two racks is mounted loosely on a spindle f, so as to be easily
thrown into or out of gear with the racks. The spring plate G, bears against the
boss of the pinion F, and is moved in one direction by the eccentric g or its equivalent,
on one end of the rod h which has a knob or handle H at its outer end. When the
handle H, is turned in one direction, the pinion F, is pushed out of gear and when in
the opposite direction the plate G springs back and the pinion is pushed into gear
with the two racks by the spring f, on the spindle f. The object of the double
toothed racks and the pinion to gear with them is to connect the weighted racks E, of
the two sashes, so that the two sashes may be opened or closed simultaneously or one
sash opened or closed by the movement of the other. The levers which throw the
pinions F, into and out of gear with the racks may be connected so that the pinions
at the, two sides may be thrown into gear together at one movement. The rack
weights may, if desired, be made with rollers attached at the sides opposite to the
teeth to facilitate their working. By means of this arrangement the two sashes may be
moved either separately or simultaneously.
To lock the sashes when closed or in any position a pin or catch may be introduced
into the teeth of the racks or pinions which will prevent them moving.
Referring to figs. 5 to 7 in which a railway carriage window is shown, similar
letters will refer to parts similar to those hereinbefore described. The window sash A,
is fitted with the toothed racks B, down both edges, which engage with the pinions C,

page_text: into which gear the rack weights E. A space D, is provided in the door at each side
of the window in which the rack weights E slide. One or both of these racks may
be made with teeth on two sides, and with the second set of teeth a weighted catch or
lever H engages so as to allow the window to be raised, but not pushed down without
removing the catch.
The racks and pinions may be made of brass, iron, or other suitable material, and if
found desirable may be provided with wooden teeth to diminish friction and noise.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The combination with the vertically sliding sashes or frames, of windows,
shutters, and the like, of weighted racks placed two at each side of the sash, each
having two sets of teeth at right angles to each other, whereby the rack weights may
through suitable pinions at one side be geared with the sliding frames and at the other
side be geared together, substantially as and for the purposes described.
2. The combination with the vertically sliding sashes or frames, of window sashes,
and the like, of the racks B, fitted to each edge, the pinions C, the double toothed rack
weights E, and the pinion F, substantially as described and shown with reference to
figs. 1-2-3.
3. In a railway carriage window the combination with racks B, carried one at
each edge of the sash, of one or more rack weights having teeth on two sides, and
the catch H, which engages with one set of teeth, substantially as described and
shown with reference to figs. 5 to 7.
Do
1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.