Improvements in Self-registering Apparatus for Measuring the Tensibility and Breaking Strain of Paper and other Light and Flexible Material.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 15th Aug., 1891-Accepted 14th Nov
1804
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Self-registering Apparatus for Measuring the
Tensibility and Breaking Strain of Paper and other Light and
Flexible Material.
I FREDERICK LEUNIG 68 Upper Thames Street London E.C. Paper Maker do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The apparatus mainly consist of the following parts. A levelling stand upon
which there is a rod or pillar, near the top of the pillar there are two levers
pivoted the shorter and upper portions are curved or bent to facilitate the
attaching other parts thereto and the lower or longer arms are each provided
with an index pointer, so that when the material is being tested they each traverse
graduated arcs; one of these arcs is fixed to the pillar and is graduated to indicate
weight equivalent at the shorter end of the lever; the other arc is attached to
the weight indicating lever and is graduated to show the percentage of stretching
prior to the fracture by the breaking weight. The weight indicating arc is
provided with ratchet teeth and the lever with a series of pawls so arranged that
each tooth of the ratchet under the pawls is practically divided into fractional
parts thus securing strong teeth and avoiding shock by recoil when the material
breaks. The bent or shorter arins of the levers have suitably pivoted connections.
In the case of the tension lever a rod, the other end of which
connected with
a slide. The weight lever has a clamp for the purpose of securing one end of
the material to be tested, the clamp, for the other end is connected with the slide
alluded to above, the slide is actuated with a screw, further connected with bevil
cog-wheels and small hand-driving wheel to facilitate steady and continuous slow
motion to the slide.
To make the test, a definite length (according to the graduation on the tension
arc) of material is fixed between the clamps in its normal straight condition, the
ndex pointers adjusted to zero by means provided, then the wheel turned; the
screw brings the slide down, stretching the material until it breaks, then one of
he series of pawls prevent recoil, then the weight breaking strain and tension can
be read off at leisure.
Dated this 15th day of November 1900.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Self-registering Apparatus for Measuring the
Tensibility and Breaking Strain of Paper and other Light and
Flexible Material.
I FREDERICK LEUNIG of 68 Upper Thames Street in the County of Middlesex,
Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
The object of my invention is to provide a self registering apparatus which serves
to measure not only the tensibility, but also the breaking strain of paper and
other light flexible materials, in such a manner that both are registered at the
same time.
I will now describe my invention with reference to annexed illustratime 1
Lil

page_text: A is the pillar made of brass, iron or other suitable material and provided with
an adjusting stand Z.
On the spindle i-which is worked by the hand wheel B. there is a socket EI.
which moves freely on the spindle, the latter carries the clamp M. The clamps M¹
and M. are provided with an arrangement for self opening, making it considerably
easier to insert the strip N (which is here shown broken) a spring is inserted
between the checks of the clamp, moving these apart. The upper end of the
spindle i is further provided with the movable angular lever R. pivoted at 9. with
shoulder S. This latter fulfils a double purpose, for at the beginning of the test,
this shoulder rests on the projection t. of the connecting rod guide P. consequently
supporting the clamp socket H. and preventing its weight pulling on the material,
to be tested. The connecting rod guide P. is connected rigidly with connecting
rod E. and consequently also with the pointer . and can be adjusted by means of
the screw T. on the rod p. The connecting rod guide P. must move stiffly on the
rod p. for which purpose the checking spring f. is provided.
The purpose of this arrangement is as follows.
The lever R. which is connected with the clamp socket H. rests on the
projection t. of the connecting rod guide P. as long as an elongation of the strip
lasts it pushes up the clamp socket H. which allows the lever to travel down,
as far, or nearly as far as r. whereby the rod E. is pulled down causing tension of
paper strip. As soon however as the strip breaks, the clamp socket II. falls,
(illustrated in the drawings) causing the lever R. to
projection 1. of the connecting rod, the latter remaining on
spring f. exactly in the same position, as at the instant of
consequently also the pointer on the clongation scale.
instantaneous stop of the elongation pointer g. is secured.
The whole proceeding is then as follows.
move away from the
account of the checking
breaking of the strip and
Therefore a certain and
By means of the self opening clamp M' the strip N. is fixed and the elongation
pointer brought to zero through the screw T. when the shoulder s. of the lever R.
will rest on the projection t. of the connecting rod guide P. The stretching of the
strip N. is accomplished by means of the action of the hand wheel B. on spindle i.
the stretching being transmitted through lever R. to P. and to the connecting
rod E. and consequently to the pointer g. Directly the strip breaks, the clamp
socket H. falls and the lever R. comes out of contact with the projection t. thus
allowing the latter to remain in the same position, because the spring f. checks any
further movement.
By these means an extremely exact measurement is possible as well as allowing
of testing very fine threads, on account of the support of clamp M. through the
lever R. at the beginning of the test.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
An apparatus for registering the breaking strain and elongation of materials
under tensile stress substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the
annexed illustrative drawings.
Dated this 15th day of A unust 1901
FREDERICK LEUNIG.