Improvements in Brakes for Pneumatic or other Flexible Tyres of Bicycles and other Vehicles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 6th July, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Aug., 1896-Accepted, 10th Oct., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brakes for Pneumatic or other Flexible Tyres of
Bicycles and other Vehicles.
I, HERBERT JAMES RALPH of Rochester Street, Kew, in the Colony of Victoria,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has been devised to obviate the heavy wear and tear caused by the
use of existing brakes upon pneumatic or other flexible tyres of bicycles, particularly,
and other vehicles generally. At present pads or plates are employed which by being
pressed by the brake mechanism upon the skin of the tyre produce the friction
necessary to delay or "brake" the bicycle or other vehicle in its progress, but in such
action the rubber or analogous material of the tyre becomes disintegrated or worn
by the combined action of the friction caused by the pad and gritty matter carried
round with the tyre of the wheel in its operation.
My invention consists in the employment of two rollers constructed of wood,
vulcanite or other suitable material conveniently centred or articulate so that they
may be revolved by contact with the tyre.
These rollers are placed one in front of the other both being revolved by being
pressed upon the tyre of the bicycle by the brake mechanism in any convenient
manner. The rollers are constructed of india-rubber or other suitable material and
are of about an inch and a half in diameter by about one inch in width and so placed
that they press against one another when revolving. It will be seen from the fact of
their being placed one in front of the other that a constant engagement in opposite
directions is taking place between each of them with consequent generation of
friction.
The bearings of the back roiler are provided with slotted radial grooves wherein
the spindles may work so that the said back roller when being revolved by the tyre
is thrust forward against the front roller.
Any ordinary pressing mechanism such as a centre lever rod and spring may
be employed for the purpose of superimposing my intermediate mechanism upon
the tyre.
Dated this 26th day of Mo 1906
Improvements in Brakes for Pneumatic or other Flexible Tyres of
Bicycles and other Vehicles.
I, HERBERT JAMES RALPH of Rochester Street, Kew, in the Colony of Victoria,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention has been devised to obviate the heavy wear and tear caused by the
Price 8d

page_text: use of existing brakes upon pneumatic or other flexible tyres of bicycles particularly,
and other vehicles generally. At present pads or plates are employed which by being
pressed by the brake mechanism upon the skin of the tyre produce the friction
necessary to delay or "brake" the bicycle or other vehicle in its progress, but in such
action the rubber or analogous material of the tyre becomes disintegrated or worn
by the combined action of the friction caused by the pad and gritty matter carried
round with the tyre of the wheel in its operation...
My invention consists in the employment of two rollers constructed of wood,
vulcanite or other suitable material conveniently set in bearings or centred or
articulated so that they may be revolved by contact with the tyre.
These rollers are placed one in front of the other both being revolved by being
pressed upon the tyre of the bicycle by the brake mechanism in any convenient
manner. The rollers are preferably of about an inch in diameter by about two inches
in width and are so placed that they press against one another when revolving..
In order to make my invention clear reference may now be made to the
accompanying drawings in which-
Figure 1 shews a perspective view.of the brake.
Figure 2 a cross section.
Figure 3 a sectional plan of same.
Figures 4 and 5 shew side, elevation and plan respectively of an alternative form of
construction.
A, B, are. rollers, placed one behind the other and set in a frame C, the roller A
is mounted on a spindle A¹ which has fixed bearings in the frame C. The roller B
is similarly mounted on a spindle B' which has bearings in a slot E preferably radial,
formed in the frame. C. so that when the brake is pressed against the tyre of a
revolving wheel the roller B can be forced forward in its slotted bearings E so as
to press against roller A with consequent generation of friction.
Any ordinary pressing mechanism such as a centred lever rod and spring may
be employed for, the. purpose.of. superimposing any intermediate mechanism upon
the tyre.
The material I find answers the purpose, for the rollers is, for one, wood with metal
rings "B" and the other of hard wood, but any suitable material or materials may be.
used. The rollers may be,,hollowed out in their centre, see Figs. 2 and 3 and in
some cases have metal or other rings "B2" placed thereon so that the friction when
brought together is then on the surfaces or rings "B².".
•
Referring to Figure 4, as, an alternative, the back roller has bearings on depending
arms F centred at G on the frame C. When the brake, is brought against the tyre
the, arm, F, carrying the back. roller will be, caused to turn on its centre G. so as
to bring its roller into, contact with, the front roller causing..the .rollers to turn and
so producing the required friction to brake the speed of the machine without wearing
away the material of the tyre. If necessary to increase the friction, between the
rollers springs or rubber bands forcing them more into contact may be used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the, same is to. be.. performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In brakes for pneumatic tyre wheels-the combination of two or more rollers
arranged in a frame in such a manner that when brought against the tyre of a
rotating wheel said rollers will come into contact and be caused to rotate substantially
as and for, the purposes set forth.
2. In brakes for pneumatic tyre wheels-the combination of two rollers as
"A" and "B" one of which has fixed bearings in a frame, the other having bearings
in a slot in the frame substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. In brakes for pneumatic tyre, wheels the combination of two.. rollers one. of
which has fixed bearings in a frame, the other having bearings in centred depending
. arms as "F" substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
4. In brakes for pneumatic tyre wheels-the general combination and arrangement

page_text: of the whole of the parts substantially as described and as illustrated respectively in
Figs. 2 and 3, and Fig. 4 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 22nd day of August 1896.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.