Improvements in Percussion Tools or Engines Operated by Fluid Pressure.
Year: 1890

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Percussion Tools or Engines Operated by Fluid
Pressure.
1, REGINALD HADDAN, of the firm of Herbert & Co., Patent Agents, of
18 Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C., London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention, a communication to me from abroad by National
Pneumatic Tool Company (a Corporation organized under the laws of the State of
Maine), of New York City, N.Y., United States of America, and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in percussion tools or engines operated by
pneumatic, steam or gaseous pressure and the invention consists in the details of con-
struction set forth in the following Specification and claim and illustrated in the
accompanying drawing in which :
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section along w w Figure 5 of a pneumatic engine
containing my invention.
Figure 2 is a section similar to Figure with parts in a different position than
in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a section along a Figure 5.
Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 with parts in a different position than in
Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a section along y y Figure 1.
Figure 6 is a section alongz Figure 1.
Figure 7 is a detail view of one side of the cylinder.
Figure 8 is a detail view of the other side of the cylinder.
In the drawing the letter A indicates a casing having a supply channel B and an
exhaust channel C. The supply channel is shown located at the centre or along the
median line of the casing and the exhaust channel at one side of the casing. Within
the casing is located a cylinder D having a valve chamber which is provided with a
valve E. The cylinder is provided with ports leading from the valve chamber.
The port F communicates with the supply channel B (Figure 3), the port G
(Figure 4) with the exhaust C, the port H (Figure 3) with the rear end of the cylinder
and the port I with the front end of the cylinder. That end of the cylinder lying
toward the supply channel B is herein considered the rear end of the cylinder.
When the parts are in the position shown in Figure 3 in full lines, the cylinder is
in its extreme rear position. Air, gas or steam injected through the supply channel B
then passes into the valve chamber through port F and out through port H so as to
press against the roar of the cylinder and drive the cylinder forward. The air, gas or
steam in front of the cylinder enters the valve chamber through port I and passes out
through port G to the exhaust C. When the cylinder has reached the end of its
forward stroke, the valve is shifted to the position shown in Figure 3 in dotted lines
and in Figure 4 in full lines.
Air or steam from the supply B then passes through port F into valve chamber and
out through port I so as to press against the forward end of the cylinder and drive the
cylinder backward to the position shown in Figure 3. The air or steam in the rear of
the piston entering through port H into the valve chamber can pass through port G
to the exhaust C. The cylinder is thus moved back and forth.
The oscillations of the valve are caused by suitable stnds K L projecting from the
cusing A. The stud K extends into the depression or groove M in the side of the
cylinder and the stud L projects into a similar groove N. These studs and grooves
prevent turning of the cylinder while leaving the cylinder free to oscillate back and
forth. As the cylinder approaches the end of its forward stroke, the shoulder () on
valve E is brought into contact with stud K extending into the groove M. This

page_text: contact shifts the valve from the position shown in Tull lines in Figures 3 and 7 to the
position there shown in broken lines, said latter position being shown in Figures 4
and 8 in full lines.
As the cylinder approaches the end of its return or rear stroke, the shoulder P on
valve E is brought into contact with stud Lextending into groove N. This contact
shifts the valve from the position shown in full lines in Figures 4 and 8 back to the
position shown in broken lines in said Figures 4 and 8 and in full lines in Figures 3
and 7. The cylinder has a stop Q located at the rear of the shoulder O (Figure 7) so as to
prevent excessive shifting of the valve E.
The studs KL are readily formed by screws inserted a suitable distance into holes
tapped into the casing. The casing is shown as composed of two parts or sections
screwed together and the stud K by being passed through both sections will form a
lock for preventing said sections from unscrewing or separating from one another.
The forward stroke of the cylinder can be imparted to a reciprocating rod R and
when the cylinder moves back a spring S moves the rod R back into position to be
actuated by the next forward stroke of the piston. A stop or stud T extending into a
slot in the rod R prevents excessive movement of the rod.
The valve chamber as seen in the drawing extends transversely through the
cylinder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination of a casing A having a supply channel and exhaust channel, a
cylinder D located within the casing and having a valvo chamber extending through
said cylinder, said valve chamber being provided with a rocking or oscillating valve
aud being made to communicate with ports communicating respectively with the ends
of the cylinder the supply channel and the exhaust, substantially as described.
2. The combination of a casing A having a supply channel located at the centre of
the casing and an exhaust channel located at one side of said casing, a cylinder I
located within the casing and having a valve chamber, said valve chamber being
provided with a rocking or oscillating valve and being made to communicate with
ports communicating respectively with the ends of the cylinder, the supply channel
and the exhaust, substantially as described.
3. The combination of a casing A having a supply channel and exhaust channel, a
cylinder D located within the casing and having a valve chamber, a valve located in
said valve chamber, a stop Q on the cylinder for limiting the motion of the valve
and actuating studs K L on the casing for actuating the valve, said valve chamber
being made to communicate with ports communicating respectively with the ends of
the cylinder, the supply channel and the exhaust, substantially as described.
4. The combination of a casing A having a supply channel and exhaust channel,
a cylinder D located within the casing and having a valve chamber, a valve
located in said valve chamber, a stop Q on the cylinder for limiting the motion of
the valve and actuating studs KL on the casing for actuating the valve, said
studs being made to enter suitable grooves M N on the cylinder and said valve
chamber being made to communicate with ports communicating respectively with
the ends of the cylinder, the supply channel and the exhaust, substantially as
described.
5. The combination with a casing provided with a cylinder, a valve chamber
extending through said cylinder, a rocking or oscillating valve located in said
chamber, the cylinder, the casing and the valve chamber having suitable ports
for supply and exhaust, substantially as described.
Dated this 18th slow of November 1800.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.