CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF METALLIC BOLTS, RIVETS, AND SPIKES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Eric Hugo Waldenstrom, of Manchester, in the.
County of Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of " CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF METALLIC BOLTS, RIVETS, AND SPIKES."
Sealed the 2nd January 1866, and dated the 7th July 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Eric Hugo Waldenstrom.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
: 7th July 1865.
I, ERIC HUGO WALDENSTROM, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC BOLTS, RIVETS, AND SPIKES," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to the formation of blanks for bolts, rivets, spikes, or
other similar articles employed as fastenings. The improvements consist in a
novel arrangement and construction of mechanism for manufacturing the said
blanks for bolts, by compression out of separate pieces or short bars of metal
which have been previously cut to the required length, which apparatus.
consists of a table or disc receiving an intermittent rotatory motion by means.
of a ratchet and pawl or equivalent, and which is supported and revolves.

page_text: upon a base plate or foundation, from which projects an upright frame
supporting the tool for forming the head and the slides herein-after described.
The rotating table or disc is supplied with a number of projections, which are
recessed and contain the under dies in which the pieces or short bars of metal
are inserted previous to their formation into bolts. These under dies (con-
taining the short bars of metal), as the table rotates are successively brought
under the action of the compressing tools, as follows:--At the first stoppage
of the revolving table the heated bar of metal contained in the under die is
acted upon by a vibrating lever supplied with a concaved. auxiliary compresser
actuated by an eccentric or other equivalent, the action of which slightly
compresses the bar of heated metal, and also firmly beds it in the recess of the
under die; immediately this is done the table receives another portion of a
turn, which brings the bar already slightly acted upon under the action of the
finishing or heading tool; this tool is composed of two slides, one inside the
other, the outer slide is supplied with the upper die, the under surface of
which is recessed so as to correspond with and firmly clip the bevilled edges
of the upper surface of the under die; the upper die has a hole or tube
passing through it corresponding (if bolts are being manufactured) to. the
sides of the bolt head required to be given to the bar of metal projecting from
the under die. In this tube the punch or heading tool is caused to slide by
being coupled or connected to the second or inner slide, the outer slide con-
taining the upper die is actuated by cams, and the inner slide retaining the
punch by an eccentric secured on the driving shaft; these slides come into
operation immediately the under die containing the partially compressed bar
of metal is placed under them, in the following manner;-The outer slide is
caused to descend into close contact and to firmly hold the upper bevilled
surface of the lower die. At this time the projecting end of the bar of metal
is embraced and contained in the tube of the upper die, the inner slide
carrying the punch now descends, forcing the punch as it slides down the tube
of the upper die into contact with the bar of metal projecting from the under
die, causing such projecting piece to be compressed when the punch has
finished its throw, and to fill the cavity or space left in the upper die between
the punch and the upper surface of the under die; if there should be any
impediment or surplus metal preventing the complete throw of the punch, the
deficiency is compensated for by means of elastic bearings suitably arranged
in connection with the inner slide. The bolt head now being complete the
puter slide recedes until it has slightly passed the end of the punch, at which
time the inner slide is withdrawn, and both slides return together and assume
their former position; the table now receives another portion of a turu,
-
1.1.
"
=

page_text: becoming again stationary, at which time the recess containing the finished
bolt arrives over a pusher actuated by a lever and crank, which forces such
bolt from the recess, thus leaving the under die ready to receive a fresh heated
bar of metal. It will readily be understood that during the stoppages caused
by the intermittent action of the table or disc the before-mentioned three
operations, namely, first, the auxiliary compresser; second, the action of the
finishing head tool; and, finally, the action of the pusher or expeller, arc
simultaneous processes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Eric Hugo Waldenström in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 6th January 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ERIC HUGO
WALDENSTROM, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five; in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Eric Hugo Waldenström, Her special license that I, the said Eric
Hugo Waldenstrom, iny executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as 1, the said Eric Hugo Waldenstrom, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED
IN THE MANUFACTUBE OF METALLIC BOLTS, RIVITS, AND SPIKES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Eric Hugo Waldenstrom; my
executor's or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE; that I, the said Eric Hugo Waldenstrom, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
The Invention relates to the formation of blanks for bolts, rivits, spikes, or
other similar articles employed. as fastenings. The improvements consist in a
novel arrangement and construction of mechanism for manufacturing the said
blanks for bolts, by compression out of separate pieces or short bars of metal
which have previously been cut to the required length.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, I have hereunto attached three Sheets of Drawings made upon a scale
of about three inches to the foot, similar letters of reference being marked
upon corresponding parts on all the Figures.
In Sheet 1, Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of the machine employed to
manufacture metallic bolts; this sectional view shews more particularly the
internal construction and arrangement of the "heading tool," also the peculiar
construction of the revolving table supporting the under dies, and the method
or mechanical action by which the finished bolts are expelled from the lower
dies. Sheet 2. Fig. 1, represents a general front elevation of the machine;
and Sheet 3, Fig. 1, represents a transverse sectional plan view taken through
the line A, B, Fig. 1, Sheet 1.
In the Figures contained in the Sheets 1, 2, and 3, a is a table or disc,
which receives an intermittent rotatory motion from the shaft 6 through the
medium of the crank c and the connecting and radial rods & and e, the forward
action of which, as the crank c revolves, brings the pawlf on the radial rod or
lever e into contact with a projection or tooth g, formed upon the periphery
of the table a. These projections or teeth correspond in number with the
dies on such table, thereby giving the table the required and necessary portion.
of a turn that shall with each forward stroke bring the dies successively under
the action of the "heading tool," at which time the table remains stationary
and the radial arm and pawl receive their backward stroke preparatory for
another action upon the tablo. This table is supported and revolves upon a
base plate or foundation h, from which projects an upright frame i, supporting.
the tool for forming the head and the slides herein-after described; the
rotating table or disc a is supplied with a number of projections k, which are
recessed and contain the under dies 1, in which the pieces or short bars of
metal are inserted previous to their formation into bolts. These under dies /
(containing, the short bars of metal), as the table rotates, are successively
brought under the action of the compressing tools as follows:-At the . first
stoppage of the revolving table a, the heated bar of metal, contained in the
under die is acted upon by the vibratory lever m, supplied with a concaved

page_text: die
preliminary compresser actuated by the eccentric n, or other equivalent, the
action of which slightly compresses the bar of heated metal, and also firmly
beds it in the hole of the under die 7; immediately this is done the preparatory
compresser is raised so as to clear the top of the hot bar, at which time the
table receives another portion of a turn by the forward action of the radial
arm and pawl, which brings the bar already slightly; acted upon under the
action of the finishing or "heading tool;" this tool is composed of two slides,
one inside the other, the outer slide o is supplied with the upper P, the
under surface of which is recessed so as to correspond with and firmly clip the
bevilled edges of the under die l, the inner surface of the perforation of the
upper die p partakes or corresponds (if bolts are being manufactured) with the
sides of the bolt head required to be given to the bar of metal. In this
perforation of the upper die p a ram or heading tool is caused to slide, and
is actuated by the inner or second slides, to which it is coupled. The outer
slide, containing the upper die p, is actuated by the cams t, t, and the inner
slides, retaining the ram r by the eccentric u, secured on the driving shaft v,
and comes into operation immediately the under-die containing the partially
compressed bar of metal is placed under them in the following manner:-
The outer slide o is caused to descend into close contact and to firmly hold
the bevilled portion of the lower die 1. At this time the projecting end of
the bar of metal is embraced and contained in the perforation of the upper
die; the inner slides, carrying the ram r, now descends, forcing it as it slides
down the perforation of the upper die into contact with the bar of metal
projecting from the under die, causing such projecting piece to be compressed
when the ram has finished its throw, and to fill the cavity or space left in the
upper die between the ram r and the upper surface of the under die l; if
there should be any impediment or surplus metal preventing the complete
throw of the punch, this deficiency is compensated for by means of the elastic
bearings q (seen in Fig. 1, Sheet 1) in connection with the inner slide s. The
bolt head now being complete the outer slide o recedes until it has slightly
passed the end of the ram, at which time the inner slide s is withdrawn and
both slides and s return together and assume their former position; the
table a now receives another portion of a turn, becoming again stationary, at
which time the hole in the under die containing the finished bolt arrives over
the pusher w, actuated by the eccentric a², through the medium of the con-
necting rod b', and which forces such bolt from the die, thus leaving the under
die ready to receive a fresh heated bar of metal. It will readily be understood
that during the stoppages caused by the intermittent action of the table or
disc the before-mentioned three three operations (viz.), first, by the preliminary

page_text: compresser; .secondly, the action of the finishing "heading tool;" and, lastly,
the action of the pusher or expeller, are simultaneous processes.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with
the method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly
understood that I claim the novel construction; combination, and arrangement
of the several parts of apparatus or mechanism for effecting the necessary and
desired motion (without confining myself to the precise details shewn), as
herein-before described, set forth, and fully illustrated in the Drawings
attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said Eric Hugo Waldenstrom, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Witnessed by
JOHN L. DAVIES, C.E.,
Office for Patents,
Manchester..
ERIC HUGO WALDENSTROM. (L.S.)