Improvements in and Machinery for Automatically Heading Rivets, Bolts, and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Aug., 1897-Accepted, 27th Aug., 1898
Improvements in and Machinery for Automatically Heading Rivets,
Bolts, and the like.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM GOLBY, of 36, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middle-
sex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by Henri Despaigne,
of 148, Rue Berckmans, Brussels, Belguim, Engineer, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
With the methods and machines as hitherto employed it has not been possible
to form the heads of rivets, bolts, and the like, by a single operation, when these
were of large dimensions. When attempts have been made to form such heads
by a single operation, the result has been that the hot or cold metal has bent or
become deformed in some way and consequently the heads have been badly
shaped.
In the process which is hereinafter described and with the machine represented
in the accompanying drawings it is possible by a single operation to form heads on
rivets, bolts, and the like of any dimensions whatever, and of proper shape.
The machine is constructed so as to effect a large rate of production, the con-
sumption of power is small by reason of the disposition of the work to be done;
the working of the machine is very simple and all the mechanism which is not
necessary for effecting the pressure remains stationary during that operation.
The action of the machine is entirely independent of the workman. It is only
necessary for him to see that the metal is duly heated, when heat is used, and that
there is nothing to interfere with the proper working of the mechanism. It is
desirable to heat the bar of iron to clear red in a suitably arranged furnace. The
bar blank is introduced into the machine and is automatically fed into the matrix
and cut into lengths. The separated blank is carried to the pressure dies, which
form the head, and then to the ejector, which ejects the finished bolt, rivet or the
like from the machine. In short, the machine draws the material out of the
furnace, introduces it into the matrix, cuts it into lengths, forms the head and
ejects the blank from the machine when perfectly finished.
In the accompanying drawings Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are respectively longitudinal
section, plan, and end elevation of the machine which forms the subject of this
invention. Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are enlarged sections of the cutting apparatus.
matrix, and plunger piston respectively. Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively end and
side elevations of Fig. 5. Fig. 9 is an end elevation of the matrix carrier on the
same scale as in Figs. 1 and 2. The same letters of reference where they occur
are used to denote the same or corresponding parts in all the figures.
The machine is provided with a crank shaft C on which are fixed two cams A A¹.
This crank shaft is actuated by toothed gearing from a parallel shaft to which
motion from any suitable source is imparted by driving bands passed on to the
fixed or loose pulley f¹f.
The crank shaft C is connected to the cross-head D by the connecting rod B.

page_text: The pressure block which carries the die for forming the nead is nxed to the
cross-head D.
At the back of the machine is a cross-piece T. carrying a spring box Q, with a
rod or punch q passing therethrough on which the moveable socket u is able to
slide against the power of the springs in the box 0 (see Fig. 6).
Between the pressure block H and the rod or punch q, is the matrix carrier P
suitable number of matrices; it is shown in the drawing
may contain any
which
as containing five.
Each matrix N is divided into a suitable number of parts (in the form shown in
the drawings the matrix is in two parts) arranged in such a manner as to be
capable of opening easily and placed in the conical socket W in which it is able
to slide. The socket W is divided into two parts and thus allows the matrix
to open.
Around this conical socket W is an indented sleeve G on each side of which is a
toothed crown a fixed on the parallel discs 2 of the matrix carrier P the outline
of each crown corresponding with the indentations on the side of the sleeve G
as shown in Fig. 8. The matrix carrier P is rigidly mounted on the shaft M.
Behind the matrix carrier P is the ejecting apparatus X for ejecting the finished
article from the matrix.
On the other end of the shaft M a five star disc R is fixed with which engages
a roller
which forms the tooth of a one-toothed disc K which latter is fast on a
shaft continuously rotated by bevel gear kk from the crank shaft C.
On each side of the machine is a rod FF each of which is provided at one end
with a square slotted frame which surrounds the cam AA¹, and at the other
end is jointed to the cross-piece T so that the latter follows the movements of
the cams A A¹
At the end of the crank shaft C is another crank to which is linked a connecting
rod b linked at the other end to the shears I (Fig. 4).
The operation of the machine is as follows:
The blank, preferably heated, is placed by the workman on the carriage S
(Fig. 4) in such a position that the extremity of the blank is against the knife
or cutter i. The lever V describes around the centre n an angular alternating
backward and forward movement which is produced by a connecting rod attached
to the rear of the cross-piece T at the point marked t in Fig. 2.
Owing to this displacement the sector s rests on the blank, presses it on to the
carriage S and forces it to take the same course as the latter. The function of
the additional sector s¹ shown in Figure 4 is to effect the return of the blank rod
when necessary.
In this way the blank is fed into the matrix which is in front of it in the
matrix carrier P which latter is stationary during this preliminary movement of
the blank.
This being done the crank shaft C continuing its rotation by means of the
connecting rod 6 operates the shears I and the blank is cut.
At this moment the roller g enters the adjacent depression g¹ of the star disc R
(Fig. 3) and causes it and consequently the matrix carrier P to rotate through a
partial revolution, one-fifth in the form illustrated in the drawings. The partial
rotation ceases when the roller g emerges from the depression g¹ and the star
disc R remains stationary during the remainder of the rotation of the crank
shaft C in consequence of the convex part of the disc K being in ome of its
concave parts.
This movement is effected in such a manner that the shaft M and consequently
the matrix carrier P makes one rotation whilst the shaft C makes five.
Whilst the matrix carrier P is stationary the cross-piece T moves forward
under the action of the cams A A¹ through the medium of the rods F F¹. The
displacement of the rods FF1 causes the piece L which is secured to them to
move forward also. The piece L carries an inclined fork (Fig. 2) which in
moving forward catches the roller r on the sleeve G' surrounding the conical

page_text: socket W (Fig. 8) on the matrix, and by the obliquity of the fork the sleeve G
is displaced over the socket W thus bringing together the two hitherto separated
parts of the matrix N.
When the roller r reaches the extremity of the oblique part of the fork / the
matrix is entirely closed and remains so until the head of the bolt has been
completely forged.
During this time the rod or punch 9 has advanced towards the matrix carrier P,
has come in contact with the piece to be forged and forced it to move slightly
forward. The pressure block H has likewise continued its course, has come into
contact with the piece to be forged, which has been kept stationary by the rod
or punch q, and has pressed the blank.
In proportion_as_the_pressure block H advances, the matrix N, which is only
held back by the spring placed in the box Q, recoils to the same extent exposing
progressively a part of the metal, which under the pressing action assumes the form
of the die placed in the pressure block H.
By this arrangement the matrix carrier of the machine undergoes no shocks
or disfigurements whatsoever; it acts merely as a simple transporter or conveyor.
Furthermore the metal is only exposed proportionally as the formation of the
head proceeds and this renders it possible to produce by one pressing operation
heads of large size, with the certainty that the head and the stem are absolutely
integral.
The moveable socket u which is displaced at the same time as the matrix, the
spring being compressed, is arrested by the spur j, and the pressure block H is
brought back by the cross head D at the same time as the cross-piece T returns
to its first position and the roller r emerges from the fork so that the matrix N
opens afresh and the socket u is brought back to its original position by the
spring in the box Q.
These operations being completed the matrix carrier rotates further and the
finished blank is brought before the ejector.
This latter is placed on the rod X which is guided by the supports yyl having
a rectilinear reciprocating motion produced by the cross-piece through the medium
of the connecting rods z z¹ 211 which are so arranged that the movement of the
cross-piece T is multiplied so that the longitudinal travel of the rod X is greater
than that of the cross piece T from which it derives its motion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
-
1. The improvements in and machinery for automatically heading bolts, rivets,
and the like the distinguishing feature of which is that the hot or cold blank to be
used in forming the heads is exposed in proportion as the formation is effected
substantially as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In a machine of the kind indicated, the apparatus for the automatic feeding
of the metal into the matrix, consisting of the carriage S with the sector s arranged
and operating substantially as described with reference to Figs. 2 and 4 of the
accompanying drawings.
3. In a machine of the kind indicated, the arrangement of the star disc R and
the one toothed roller disc K by which the matrix carrying the blank to be
headed is rapidly moved to the pressure block, said movement being followed by
a period of rest of greater duration, substantially as described with reference to
Figs. 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings.
4. In a machine of the kind indicated, the arrangement of the rod or punch q
which is brought behind the blank to be headed at the moment of the pressing,
substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 6 of the accompanying
drawings.
5. In a machine of the kind indicated, the divided and moveable matrices ex-
posing the blank in proportion as the formation of the head is effected sub-

page_text: stantially as described with reference to Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 7 of the accompanying
drawings.
6. In a machine of the kind indicated, the arrangement of the three connecting
rods 21 211 for giving a larger course to the ejector than that of the cross-piece T
from which it derives its motion, substantially as described with reference to
Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
7. The general arrangement and combination of parts forming the improvements
in and machinery for automatically heading bolts, rivets, and the like constructed
and operating substantially as hereinbefore set forth and illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings and for the purposes stated.