IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING OR LOCKING WINDOW SASHES AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Priessnitz Bonwick, of Conningham Road,
Shepherd's Bush, in the County of Middlesex, for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING OR LOCKING WINDOW SASHES AND
OTHER PURPOSES,"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Priessnitz Bonwick
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th March 1880,
WILLIAM PRIESSNITZ BONWICK, of Conningham Road, Shepherd's Bush, in the
County of Middlesex. "LMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING OR LOCKING
WINDOW SASHES AND OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to improved apparatus applicable especially for securing
or locking window sashes and other like sliding bodies in their closed or partially
open positions, and is designed to effect this object in such manner as to guard
against opening from without of the closed sash or liko sliding body or further
opening thereof when already partially open, for instance, for purposes of venti-
lation. My Invention may also, by suitable modification, be applied for locking
doors and other like purposes.
In the case of sliding window sashes I effect the locking by means of a tumbler
or fastener mounted on a suitable pin carried by one sash, and engaging in grooves,
notches, recesses, or equivalent parts in the other sash, such tumbler or fastener
being controlled by a small lever or locking and unlocking device arranged on an
independent pin, and having jointed to it a finger piece or pull. The tumbler or
fastener is at one edge of a notched, step-like, or other suitable form with a hook-
shaped part, and the lever or locking and unlocking device already referred to is
so mounted at one end on its pin that the free end of the said lever or device, or
some other suitably formed part thereof, may serve as a prop or an abutement for
the tumbler or fastener to rest or bear against when in the locked position, and
likewise as the medium for unlocking the tumbler or fastener, to effect which the
said lever or device is by means of the finger piece or pull operated in such manuer
as to engage with the hook shaped part of the tumbler or fastener. By forming in
the parting bead between two sashes a suitable recess, through which the tumbler
or fastener carried by the one sash may project into the recesses of the other sash,
Prins G71

page_text: the sash carrying the tumbler or fastener may itself be locked or secured in its
shut position independently of the other sash. The tumbler or fastener and lever
or locking and unlocking device are so enclosed in a cover or case as to prevent
tampering with them, and such cover or case may advantageously have an inclined
top so formed as to facilitate the lowering of Venetian blinds (when such are used)
by guiding them over the top of the lower sliding sash and fastening apparatus.
In applying my Invention to shutters or sliding doors the notches or recesses
for receiving the tumbler or fastener may be in the framework or other fixed
position.
The finger pieces or pulls of two tumblers or fasteners may be connected by
cords or wires attached to an intermediate lever or part, by operating which both
tumblers or fasteners may be simultaneously drawn back or raised.
When constructing on my plan apparatus to be used for fastening a door turning
on hinges the tumbler or fastener may be constructed of a modified form and
without the hook shaped part, and the lever or locking and unlocking device may
be so arranged as to be moved into and out of the locking position by a key.
It will be obvious various arrangements of apparatus may be constructed on the
principle of my Invention, as herein above set forth.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Priessnitz Bonwick in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th September 1880.
WILLIAM PRIESSNITZ BONWICK, of Conningham Road, Shepherd's Bush, in the
County of Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING OR LOCKING
WINDOW SASIES AND OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to improved apparatus applicable especially for securing
or locking window sashes and other like sliding bodies in their closed or partially
open positions, and is designed to effect this object in such manner as to guard
against opening from without of the closed sash or like sliding body or further
opening thereof when already partially open, for instance, for purposes of venti-
lation. My Invention may also, by suitable modifications, be applied for other
like purposes.
In all the arrangements hereinafter described it will be seen the
locking is effected automatically.
In the case of sliding window sashes I effect the locking by means of a device
hereinafter called the "fastener," and which is mounted on a suitable pin carried
by the lower sash, and engages in grooves, notches, recesses, or equivalent parts
hereinafter called the "rack" in or on the upper sash, such fastener being controlled
by a small lever or locking and unlocking device hereinafter called the "prop,"
and which is arranged on an independent pin, and has connected to it a finger
piece or pull (which may be a cord). The fastener is at one edge of a notched,
step-like, or serrated form with a hook-shaped part, and the prop is so mounted at
one end on its pin that the free end of the prop or some other suitably formed
part thereof may serve as a prop or an abutment for the fastener to rest or boar
against when in the locked position, whilst anyone is trying to force back the
fastener from the outside of the window, and likewise as the medium for unlocking
the fastener, to effect which the prop is by means of the finger piece or pull
operated in such manner as to first release the fastener and then engage with or
act against the hook shaped part thereof, and so to draw the fastener out of the
rack. By forming in the parting bead between two sashes a suitable recess to
receive a part of the fastener carried by the lower sash I effect the locking down
or securing of the lower eash in its shut or nearly shut position independently of
the upper sash. The fastener and prop are or may be so enclosed in a cover or
case as to prevent tampering with them, or may be contained between high side
plates or cheeks and such cover or case, or the fastener itself may advantageously
have an inclined top so formed as to facilitate the lowering of Venetian blinds
(when such are used) by guiding them over the top of the lower sash and fastening
apparatus.
In applying my Invention to shutters or sliding doors the notches, recesses, or
rack for receiving the fastener may be in the framework or other position, as, for
example, in or on the shutter. In this case my fastening apparatus would be
secured to the stationary framework.
It will be obvious various arrangements of apparatus may be constructed on the
principle of my Invention, as herein above set forth.
Referring to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,-
Fig. 1 is a front elevation (as seen from inside a room) of a window fitted with
securing or locking apparatus in accordance with this Invention, and illustrating
the application of cords for raising and lowering the upper sash.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same in the line A, B, of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shews the meeting rails of the window with my fastening apparatus
applied thereto, the apparatus being in the locked position aud the window shut.
Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the apparatus unlocked and the lower sash
open, so that the guide of the fastener is above the recess of the parting bead and
rests against it.
1
Fig. 5 is an end view of Fig. 4, as seen from the inside of the room.

page_text: Fig. 6 shews the relative positions of the upper and lower sashes, when the upper
one is lowered or partially open for ventilation and yet locked. In this case I
have shewn the apparatus without raising cords to the upper sash, which may be
dispensed with when desired.
Fig. 7 is a side view of a modification of my apparatus in the locked position,
a portion of the cover or case being removed in order to show more clearly the
working parts. In this modification the apparatus is arranged to be operated not
by a cord, such as represented in Fig. 6, but by a finger piece or pull attached to
the prop and projecting a short distance beyond the outside of the cover or case.
The fastener is here represented without the side strengthening part shown in
previous arrangements. This arrangement enables the serrated portion to be
prolonged and the end of the prop to engage in it.
Fig. 8 is a view at right angles to Fig. 7. It will be seen the fastener here shewn
passes quite through the parting bead.
Figs. 9, 10, and 11 shew the fastener, and Figs. 12, 13, and 14, the prop employed in
the arrangements of apparatus illustrated in Figs..1 to 6 inclusively, Fig. 9 being
a side view of the fastener, showing its inner face or that next to the window
frame; Fig. 10, a view of the reverse side of the fastener; Fig. 11, an edge or back
view of the same, as seen from inside the room.
Fig. 12 is a view of the prop, shewing that side thereof which is the further
from the window frame.
Fig. 13 shows the opposite side of the prop.
Fig. 14 is an edge or back view of the prop, as seen from within the room.
Fig. 15 shews in elevation a roller shutter, having a modification of my apparatus
attached thereto for fastening the shutter in the closed position, and also illustrates:
how the shutter may be raised by the same cord that unlocks the apparatus.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.
Referring to Figs. 1 to 5 and 9 to 14,—
1 and 2 are respectively the meeting rail of the upper and that of the lower
Bash.
3 is the fastener mounted and turning on the pin 4.
5 is the grooved or notched part or rack in or fixed to the stile of the upper sash
(it may bo simply a notched groove cut out of the sash), in which the fastener 3
is by its own weight caused to engage, and wherein it is locked by the prop ü which
is able to turn on the pin at 7.
13 is a slotted pull forked at one end so as to embrace the prop 6, to which it is
attached by a pin 14. The pull is supported in its proper position by a pin passing
through its slot, and which is fixed in the case. Through a hole or holes in this slotted
pull pass the cords 15 and 16 for closing and opening the upper sash. On pulling
outwards either of these cords at a point below the fastener, the slotted pull 13 is
drawn back and so disengages the prop 6 from the serrated portion of the fastener 3.
By continuing to pull the cord until the prop has disengaged the fastener from the
sash, and also pulling its fellow cord on the opposite side of the window the upper
sash is opened or closed according to whether the pair of handles a or pair of
handles (see Fig. 1) be pulled.
10 is the parting bead between the two sashes, and 11 is a recess in the same
which the guide or part 3* of the fastener 3 may enter when the fastener itself
projects into or engages with the grooves, noteles, or rack 5 of the upper sash for
the purpose of locking or fastening the window.
When this position of the fastener obtains (see Fig. 3) the lower sash is locked
down closely (or slightly open according to the height of the recessed cut in the
parting bead) independently of the upper sash. This is effected by the guide
(part 3) of the fastener 3 being so arranged as to catch or engage automatically
against the top of the recess 11. I call the part 3* the guide, because when (the
lower sash being unlocked) the sash is being moved up or down, the said part keeps 5
back the prop by sliding in contact with the parting bead between the sashes.
12 is a cover or case in which the apparatus is enclosed in order to prevent its

page_text: being tampered with, and which may carry the pins on which the interior parts
work, so forming a bedplato and cover in one. The cover may be made separate
from the bedplate.
Referring to Fig. 6, the prop in this arrangement is operated by pulling the
cord C, which to open the sash must be held so as to keep back the fastener till it
has passed the recess in the parting bead.
Referring to Figs. 7 & 8, 8 is a finger piece or pull jointed to the prop 6. Upon
pulling this finger pieco the prop 6 is drawn from the serrated edge of the fastener
3, against which it has heretoforo rested, and striking against the hook 9, which
forms part of the fastener 3, disengages the said fastener from the groove, notch, or
rack 5, and being thus held allows the window to be opened.
In this arrangement also the guide 3* extends to the point of the fastener, and
therefore passes entirely through the fully recessed parting bead.
Referring to Fig. 15 it will seen a modification of my fastening apparatus is
secured to the lower slat of tho shutter, a recess being formed in the guid-cframe to
receivo the fastener when the shutter is lowered, thus locking it. It will also be
seen that in the arrangement illustrated (which is supposed to be the inner side
of the shutter), the locking is effected automatically by the weight of the fastenor
and prop, and the unlocking by pulling the cord c". The prop should be sufficiently
heavy to overcome the resistance to the descent of its free end offered by cord c*.
In my Provisional Specification I referred to a modification of door fastener
without the hook-shaped part, and intended to be operated by a key, but I do not
now claim such an arrangement.
Having described the nature of my said Invention, and explained in what
manner the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, I
would have it understood that what I consider to be novel and original and
therefore claim as secured to me under the Letters Patent hereinbeforo in part
recited is,―
1. The so combining and arranging a fastener with a serrated part and a hook-
shaped part, and a lever or prop mounted on an independent axis that the said
lover or prop shall sorve for retaining the said fastener in the locked position and
also as a medium for withdrawing such fastener from that position, substantially
as and for the purposes hereinabove described with reference to the accompanying
Drawings.
2. The combination, substantially as described, of a fastening device, means for
locking and operating it, and a cover or case to prevent tampering with the
fastener.
3. Constructing and arranging apparatus for securing or locking window sashes
and other like sliding bodies in their closed or partially open positions, substantially
as herein before described and shewn respectively in Figs. 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,
and 14, in Fig. 6, and in Figs. 7 and 8 of the accompanying Drawings.
4. The method, substantially as described, of securing the lower sash of a window
in the closed or nearly closed position by causing part of a fastener carried by the
said sash to enter a recess in the parting bead between the upper and lower
Bashes.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Priessnitz Bonwick, have hereunto set