IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING ADDARATIS PROAL
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT..to Thomas Stainton, of South Shields, in the
County of Durham, Cast Iron and Brass Founder, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING ADDARATIS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Stainton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 24th October 1853.
I, THOMAS STAINTON, of South Shields, in the County of Durham,
Cast Iron and Brass Founder, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING APPARATUS" to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved modification of the ordinary
wheel tiller, and consists in the employment of a drum containing one
or more annular grooves of sufficient width only to allow of the chain
being wound on, in a single coil, one over the other, without lapping
sideways. By this means a quicker action is obtained than under
existing arrangements, as the slack which exists in the chain in the
ordinary system, and which must be wound up before the tiller can be
reversed, is altogether dispensed with in my improved tiller, since the

page_text: gradually increasing diameter of the coil of the winding on chain,
and the corresponding decreasing diameter of the off running chain,
effectually prevent all slackness in the chain.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Stainton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 24th April 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1,
THOMAS STAINTON, of South Shields, in the County of Durham, Cast
Iron and Brass Founder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Stainton, Her
special license that I, the said Thomas Stainton, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Stainton,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING APPARATUS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Thomas Stainton, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Stainton, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying

page_text: Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say:
My said Invention relates to an improved modification of the
ordinary wheel tiller, and consists in the employment of a drum con-
taining one or more annular grooves of sufficient width only to allow of
the chain being wound on, in a single coil, one over the other, without
lapping sideways. By this means a quicker action is obtained than
under existing arrangements, as the slack which exists in the chain in
the ordinary system, and which must be wound up before the tiller can
be reversed, is altogether dispensed with in my improved tiller, since
the gradually increasing diameter of the coil of the winding on chain,
and the corresponding decreasing diameter of the off' running chain,
effectually prevent all slackness in the chain.
Figure 1, on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings represents a plan of
a ship's stern as fitted with my improved steering apparatus; Figure 2,
is a side elevation of the end of the tiller, shewing the arrangement of
double blocks on a larger scale; Figure 3, is a section in detail of one
modification of pulley having one half of the groove of a smaller diameter
than the other half, so that a recess may be formed for the attaching of
the end of one of the chains; and Figure 4, is a similar view of another
pulley, the groove of which is also indicated, but in place of being com-
posed of parts of a circle its base is made after the form of a volute. A,
is the wheel of the ordinary construction fast on the end of the shaft B,
which works in the bearings €, C. A double grooved pulley D, is keyed
on to the shaft B, but the grooves of this pulley are only just wide enough
to admit of the chains or ropes E, F, which are attached respectively at
one end to the groove in the pulley, and at the other to the fixed blocks
G, and H, secured to the ship's bulwarks or other convenient position.
The end of the tiller I, has two slots formed in it, each slot is
furnished with a separate pulley J, K, which are held in their places
by the bolt L. Two distinct ropes or chains are used, and each one is
passed round a separate pulley and block. The arrangement of each
rope will be clearly understood by referring to the Drawing, Figure 1,
in which the two ropes are of different colours. By the
arrangement
herein-before described it will be obvious that as the ropes or chains

page_text: wind on to the pulley one coil will lap over the other in regular suc-
cession, thereby continually increasing the diameter of the coil of the
winding on chain, whilst that of the running off chain is decreasing in
a corresponding manner; therefore any tendency to slackening of the
rope will be obviated, and consequently the action of the tiller will be
quicker.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that I do not confine
or restrict myself to the precise details or arrangements which I have
had occasion to describe or refer to, as many variations may be made
therefrom without deviating from the principles or main features of my
said Invention, but what I consider to be novel and original, and there-
fore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent, is,-
The application and use in steering apparatus of a double grooved
pulley in the manner and for the purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Stainton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Eleventh day of April, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-four.
THOMAS STAINTON. (L.S.)