IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Raine and John Raine, both of South
Hylton, in the County of Durham, and Benjamin Wilson Raine,
of the Town and County of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, for the
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Raine, John
Raine, and Benjamin Wilson' Raine at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 2nd October
1875.
We, WILLIAM RAINE and JOHN RAINE, both of South Hylton, in the
County of Durham, and BENJAMIN WILSON RAINE, of the Town and
County of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in utilizing the whole or part of the tank
waste or residuum resulting from the manufacture of soda by employing

page_text: it in the manufacture of iron, especially as 'fetling" or lining in the
puddling furnace, and whereby the quality of the iron produced will be
greatly improved.
"
When employing the before-mentioned tank waste or residuum as a
"fetling" or lining in the puddling furnace the bottom "fetling
thereof is made in the ordinary way, and then covered with a layer of
the tank waste or residuum, instead of or in conjunction with the purple
ore or other substance at present usually employed for that purpose,
whereby the quality of the "puddled bar" produced will be greatly
improved.
Another method of utilizing the tank waste or residuum embraced by
this Invention consists in employing it as a substitute for the sand or
other substance at present used as a bottom in the mill furnace.
The tank waste or residuum may according to this Invention be also
used by mixing a certain quantity thereof with the iron in the puddling 1
1
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Raine, John Raine, and Benjamin Wilson
Raine in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st April 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, William ;
RAINE and JOHN RAINE, both of South Hylton, in the County of
Durham, and BENJAMIN WILSON RAINE, of the Town and County of
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said William Raine, John Raine,
and Benjamin Wilson Raine, Her special licence that we, the said
William Raine, John Raine, and Benjamin Wilson Raine, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William
Raine, John Raine, and Benjamin Wilson Raine, our executors, admini-·|
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,

page_text: from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF IRON," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said William Raine, John Raine, and Benjamin Wilson Raine, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW. KNOW YE, that we, the said William Raine, John Raine, and
Benjamin Wilson Raine, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists in utilizing the tank waste or residuum
resulting from the manufacture of soda by employing it in the manu-
facture of iron, especially as "fotling" or lining in the puddling
furnace, and whereby the quality of the iron produced will be greatly
improved.
When employing the before-mentioned tank waste or residuum as a.
"fetling" or lining in the pudding furnace the bottom "fetling"
thereof is made in the ordinary way, and then covered with a layer of
the tank waste or residuum, instead of or in conjunction with the purple
ore or other substance at present usually employed for that purpose, the
quality of the "puddled bar" produced being thereby greatly improved.
The tank waste or residuum may according to this Invention be also
used by mixing a certain quantity thereof with the iron in the puddling
furnace whilst the iron is in a molten state.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we would observe
in conclusion that what we consider novel and original and therefore
claim as constituting the Invention secured to us by the herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent is, the utilization of the tank waste or
residuum resulting from the manufacture of soda by employing it in the

page_text: manufacture of iron in the manner and for the purposes herein-before
set forth and described.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Raine, John Raine, and
Benjamin Wilson Raine, have hereunto set our hands and scals,
this Twenty-seventh day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
WILLIAM RAINE. (L.S.)
JOHN RAINE.
B. W. RAINE.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)