Especially Applicable for Making Aërated Water and for Raising Liquids.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Nov., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 28th Sept., 188
Especially Applicable for Making Aërated Water and for Raising
Liquids.
We, LOUIS GUERET and CÉLESTIN GUÉRET both of 72 Boulevard de la Gare Paris
in the Republic of France, Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to bò as follows:-
Our invention consists in a method of producing gas (for example, carbonic acid
gas) and which forms the object of the present application; our system is above all
characterised by the special combination of the parts constituting the producing
apparatus, and which permit us to maintain a continuous pressure on the liquid,
which pressure can be determined at will according to the nature of the work to be
produced.
Our method of automatic production of carbonic acid is therefore one in which a
continuous and determined pressure is used, and is more especially applicable to the
supply and working of beers. wines and all other liquids.
The apparatus mainly consists in the combination of
1st. A copper recipient with an inner lead lining, inside which are placed the
water and bicarbonate of soda destined to generate the carbonic acid.
2nd. A box containing the acid, and composed of two parts, an upper and a lower
chamber. The upper part is provided with a plugging rod or valve, which prevents
the acid from flowing into the producer, when it is wished to stop the working of
the apparatus the lower part contains two tubes, one of which goes from the valve
seat of the plugging rod or valve to a point in the lower part of the lower chamber,
whilst the other tube which is preferably made conical, starts from or near the bottom
of the lower chamber, and terminates about the middle of the said chamber.
3rd. A pipe connecting the producer to the acid vessel, and provided with a tap.
4th. An indicating washer provided at its top with a tap.
A

page_text: The apparatus thus arranged works as follows:-.
The acid box being filled up with sulphuric acid, and the recipient or producer
with bi-carbonate of soda, as is practised in aërated water apparatus, and the tap being
open to connect the producer with the acid vessel, the handle of the valve rod is
turned so as to allow the acid to flow into the producer, onto the bicarbonate of soda.
Carbonic acid is then at once evolved, and a bubbling will take place in the indicating
washer, through which the gas passes.
The pressure gauge will soon show the pressure and when that under which the
apparatus is to work is reached, for instance two atmospheres (30 lbs.) the tap is shut,
thus interrupting the communication of the gas between the producer, and the upper
part of the acid vessel.
The pressure is now two atmospheres in all the parts of the apparatus, and over
the liquids of the barrels (if it is a question for instance of beer working) and the
production of carbonic acid stops, the pressure of the gas preventing the acid from
falling on the bicarbonate.
When a certain quantity of liquid is withdrawn from the barrels connected with the
apparatus, the pressure in the producer, and on the liquids diminishing slightly that
of two atmospheres still existing in the acid vessel, causes the acid to flow upon the
carbonate, a new quantity of gas will be evolved, and the equilibrium ro-established.
This action will repeat itself so long as the charge of sulphuric acid and bicarbonate
of soda will last.
Since one atmosphere effective pressure can lift theoretically to a height of 10 33
a liquid of a density equal to 1", it will be seen that our automatic producer which
works at all pressures, and does it in a uniform manner, will replace with great
advantages, the air pumps, and generally all apparatus employed up to the present
day, to supply liquids by pressures.
In a modification of the apparatus the essential parts namely the producer, acid
vessel and purifier remain the same, except that the acid vessel is made like the acid
vessel before mentioned, but has no lower part.
In the foregoing description, we have supposed that the initial pressure was produced
in all the parts of the arrangement by the carbonic acid gas generated in the recipient
or producer itself. Now it is obvious that the result would be the same if air or any
gas were compressed in these various parts by means of a compressing arrangement
independent of our apparatus; this initial pressure being thus obtained the working
of the apparatus is effected under the same conditions as have just been described
and without modifying in any way the working order of our processes.
We have applied to our acid vessel an arrangement based upon Mariotte's law for
the purpose of obtaining its automatic working, but we reserve to ourselves the use
of any suitable arrangement giving the same result, that is to say, allowing the
pressure inside the producing vessel to intercept of itself, under predetermined
conditions, its communication with the acid vessol.
D
1
1
"
1007
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
Filing Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: and Determined Quantity of Carbonic Acid or other Gas,
Especially Applicable for Making Aërated Water and for Raising
Liquids.
We, LOUIS GUÉRET and CÉLESTIN GUÉRET of 72 Boulevard de la Gare, Paris, in
the Republic of France, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention consists in a method or system of producing gas (for example,
carbonic acid gas), the said system being chiefly characterised by the special combination
of the parts constituting the producing apparatus, which perimits of the maintenance
of a constant pressure on the liquid. The said pressure can be adjusted at will
according to the nature of the work to be produced.
Our method of automatic production of carbonic acid is therefore one in which a
constant and given pressure is used, and it is more especially applicable to the supply
and working of beers, wines, and all other liquids.
The invention is best understood by aid of the accompanying drawing, which,
however, is only used by way of illustration to show the principle of the invention.
In the drawing-
Figure 1 is a front elevation, (part of which is in section), of our apparatus, and
Figure 2 is likewise a front elevation, partly in section, of a modification of our
apparatus.
The apparatus mainly consists in the combination of 1st. A copper receiver B with
an inner lead lining within which are placed the water and bicarbonate of soda from
which the carbonic acid is to be generated.
2nd. A box G for the acid, composed of two parts, an upper chamber C, and a
lower one C. The upper chamber C is provided with a plug valve R by which the
acid may be prevented from flowing into the producer whenever it is desired to stop
the working of the apparatus; the lower chamber C¹ contains two tubes, one of which
goes from the valve seat of the plug valve R to a point in the lower part of the
lower chamber whilst the other tube y, y', which is preferably made conical, starts
from a point at or near the bottom of the lower chamber C, and terminates at about
the middle of the height of said chamber at a point y'.
3rd. A pipe connecting the producer B to the acid chamber C, and provided with a
tap E.
4th. An indicating washer F provided at its top with a tap.

page_text: The apparatus thus arranged, works as follows:-"
The acid box G being filled up with sulphuric acid, and the receiver or producer B
with bi-carbonate of soda, as is practised in aërated water apparatus, and the tap E
being open to connect the producer B with the acid box G, the handle M of the plug
valve is turned so as to allow the acid to flow into the producer onto the bicarbonato
of soda. Carbonic acid is then at once ovolved, and a bubbling takes place in the
indicating washer F through which the gas passes, as shown by the arrows.
The pressure gauge will soon show the pressure, and when the given pressure at
which the apparatus is to work, has been reached, two atmospheres (30 lbs.) for
instance, the tap E is shut, thus interrupting the passage of the gas from the producer,
to the upper part of the acid box.
The pressure is now two atmospheres in all the parts of the apparatus, and on the
surface the liquids of the barrels (if it is a question of beer working) and the production
of carbonic acid stops, the pressure of the gas preventing the acid from falling on
the bicarbonate.
When a certain quantity of liquid is withdrawn from the barrels connected with the
apparatus, the pressure in the producer B and on the liquids falling slightly below the
pressure of two atmospheres which still exists in the acid vessel, causes the acid to flow
upon the carbonate, so that a fresh quantity of gas will be evolved, and the equilibrium
re-established. This action will repeat itself so long as the charge of sulphuric acid
and bicarbonate of soda lasts.
Since one atmosphere effective pressure can lifi theoretically to a height of 32.8 feet,
a liquid of a density equal to unity, it will be seen that our automatic producer which
works at all pressures, and in a uniform manner, can, with great advantage, replace
the air pumps, and generally all apparatus hitherto employed to supply liquids under
pressure.
In the modification of our apparatus shown in Figure 2, the essential parts,
namely, the producer B, acid box C, and washer F, remain the same. The acid
box is made like the acid box G before mentioned, but without a lower
part C¹.
The arrows on the right of the figure indicate the direction in which
the acid flows as it is expelled from the acid box C by the pressure existing
therein.
In the foregoing description, we have supposed that the initial pressure was produced
in all the parts of the apparatus by the carbonic acid gas generated in the producer B
itself. Now it is obvious that the result would be the same if air or any gas were
compressed in these various parts by means of a compressing arrangement inde-
pendent of our apparatus. This initial pressure having been thus obtained, the
working of the apparatus would be effected under the same conditions as have just
been described, and without in any way modifying the method of working of our
process.
We have applied to our acid box G an arrangement based upon Mariotte's law for
the purpose of obtaining its automatic working, but we reserve to ourselves the use of
any suitable arrangement which would give the same result, that is to say, which
would allow the pressure inside the producing vessel B to be the means of
intercepting, under predetermined conditions, its communication with the acid box.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. An apparatus for the production of carbonic acid gas, consisting of the com-
bination of a producer containing bi-carbonate of soda, a vessel supplying acid
automatically to the bi-carbonate of soda in the proportion required to ensure a
constant pressure of gas in the apparatus, an “indicating washing vessel for the gas,
and a pressure gauge, the whole substantially as described and shown.
2. In the process of generating gas at a constant given pressure by means of an
apparatus such as described, the establishing of a given initial pressure in all parts of

page_text: the apparatus, and the subsequent maintaining of a constant pressure therein by causing
any variations in the pressure to automatically regulate the supply of acid to the
producer, substantially as described.
3. The means for maintaining at a constant given pressure, any gas produced by
the action of an acid upon an alkali, by causing the pressure in the gas producer to
automatically control the flow of acid to the same, substantially as described.
1-1
A1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
Filing Agents for the Applicants.