MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND SIZING YARNS OR THREADS
Year: 1858

page_text: MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND SIZING
YARNS OR THREADS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Wood and
Robert Wood at the Office of the commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 24th March 1858.
We, WILLIAM WOOD and ROBERT WOOD, of Radcliffe, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Spinners, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING
AND SIZING YARNS OR THREADS," to be as follows:-
The object of our Invention is to size yarns, or threads at the time or during
the process of spinning or doubling in those spinning or doubling machines
having the character of the throstle frame." This has been attempted,
but hitherto, we believe, without success. We accomplish it (and in this our
Invention consists) by a certain arrangement and combination of mechanism
and by materials for "sizing" having peculiar characteristics.
We employ the throstle frame having an "under clearer" acting upon the
"front fluted roller," and modify the ordinary flyers, so that the friction of the
threads upon them will be greatly diminished, otherwise owing to the gummy
state of the threads, the "drag" would be defective. This modification of the
[Price Sd.]

page_text: flyers consists in making them similar to the "tube flyer" used in slubbing
and roving frames, or with a curl at the top as well as one at the bottom.
Thee is applied to the thread between the "front rollers" and "guide
wires" by a roller rotating in a trough containing size. This roller being
covered so as only to expose a small portion of its surface to the threads
passing from the front rollers to the flyers.
The size we employ is a gum or solution of gum and water; it is of that
kind which does not "cake," namely, "gum tragacanth," or those of similar
nature.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Wood and Robert Wood in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 23rd September 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
WooD and ROBERT WOOD, of Radcliffe, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinners, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said William Wood and Robert Wood, Her especial licence that we,
the said William Wood and Robert Wood, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Wood and Robert
Wood, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND SIZING YARNS OR
THREADS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William
Wood and Robert Wood, by an instrument in writing under our hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Wood and Robert Wood,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner

page_text: the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is
to say):
The object of our Invention is to size yarns or threads at the time or during
the process of spinning or doubling in those spinning and doubling machines
having the character of the throstle frame. This has been attempted, but
hitherto, we believe, without success; we accomplish it (and in this our Inven-
tion consists) by a certain arrangement and combination of mechanism and by
materials for sizing having peculiar characteristics. For spinning threads
from roving we employ the throstle frame, having an under clearer acting
upon the front fluted roller; and for doubling or giving extra twist to single
thread we employ the doubling frame, and for each purpose we modify the
ordinary flyers, so that the friction of the threads upon them will be greatly
diminished, otherwise, owing to the gummy state of the threads, the "drag"
would be defective; this modification of the flyers consists in making them
similar to the tube flyer used in slubbing and roving frames. The size is
applied to the thread both in spinning and doubling machines between the
rollers and the guide wires by a roller rotating in a trough containing size,
this roller being covered so as only to expose a small portion of its surface to
the threads passing from the rollers to the flyers. The size we employ is a
gum or solution of gum and water, and is of that kind which does not cake,
namely, gum tragacanth, or those of similar nature. This may be improved
by the addition of gum arabic, or other gun of the same character. The
accompanying Drawing will illustrate the preceding description of our
Invention..
Fig. 1 is a vertical section, full size, shewing the drawing rollers and other
parts of a throstle frame, with the arrangements applied by which our Invention
is carried into effect. a is the roller beam; b, the roller stand; c, d, and e,
are respectively the front, middle, and back fluted rollers; f, g, and h, are
their respective top rollers; i is a weighting hook for the top roller; and ; the
clearer under the front fluted roller c; is the guide wire fixed in the hinged
board 1; m is the flyer; n, the spindle; p. the bobbin on which the thread is
wound; and the plate on which the bobbins rest, and by which they receive
the vertical movement upon the spindles, to distribute the thread upon the
bobbins; r is the roller, by which size is conveyed to the thread represented by
the line s t is the size trough fixed to the roller beam (a), in which the
roller r rotates; and t' is the cover to the trough t. Fig. 2 shews a plan
view of a portion of the gum roller (r) and the trough (t), and cover (t').
The gum roller is constructed in lengths same as the fluted rollers c, d, and

page_text: e, and connected together in the same manner. The troughs t are made equal
to the rollers in length; the thickness of the ends of the troughs being about
half the length of the journal part of the rollers, as shewn in Fig. 2. The
covers have a space cut out where the threads pass over the roller. The
guide wires (k) we prefer to use are made of the form shewn best in Fig. 3,
the forked end being made of glass; they are somewhat similar to those used
as conducting wires in doubling frames. One side of the flyer (m) in Fig. 1
is shewn in section; the slit by which the thread is got into the tube is on that
side of the flyer facing the direction in which it rotates, so that the air gets
in the slit and tends to dry the thread as it passes down the flyer. The size
roller r is rotated in the direction pointed by the arrow in Fig. 1, that is in a
direction opposite to that of the passing thread, the surface speed of the
roller (r) being about one-fourth that of the thread, but the speed will have
to be adjusted to supply the threads with the required quantity of size. The
roller (r) is driven by gearing from any convenient part of the machine. The
solution of size is supplied to each length of trough, through any of the
openings in the cover left for the threads.
A shaft u passes from end to end of the machine, upon which pieces vare
placed one under each guide wire board (1) for the purpose of lifting them by
turning the shaft u, and holding them in the position in which the guide
wire () is shewn in dotted line in Fig. 1, during the time the machine is
stopped, and by this means lifting the threads (s) off the roller. The mode
of applying our Invention to doubling machines, or machines of the same
character as doubling machines, for giving extra twist to thread, will be readily
understood, as the tube flyer (m), guide wire (k), size roller (r), and trough (t)
and shaft (u) are employed in each of these machines arranged in the same
manner as in the throstle frame for spinning thread from roving, as shewn in
Fig. 1.
The best proportions for the size are one ounce of gum tragacanth and two
ounces of gum arabic to two gallons of water, but the ratio of gum to the
water will depend upon the quantity of size required upon the thread.
Having now particularly described the nature of our Invention, and the
manner of carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that
we claim as our Invention,-
Firstly, the sizing of yarns or threads during the process of spinning in
throstle frames or machines of similar character, having under clearers (j)
and tube flyers (m) by means of rollers (r) rotating and partly immersed
in size.
Secondly, we claim sizing of yarns or threads during the process of doubling

page_text: or when giving additional twist to single threads in machines of the character
of the throstle doubling frame, having tube flyers (m) by means of rollers (r)
rotating and partly immersed in size.
Thirdly, we claim mechanism acting substantially in the manner of the
shaft w, in throstle, spinning, and doubling machines, for the purpose of lifting
the threads (s) off the sizing roller (r) when the machine is stopped.
Fourthly, we claim in sizing yarns or threads during the process of spinning
or doubling, the use of gum tragacanth, alone or in combination with gum
arabic, or other gums of similar character.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Wood and Robert Wood,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-first day of
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
September, in the year
and fifty-eight.
WILLIAM WOOD. (L.S.)
ROBERT WOOD. (L.S.)