IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Hargreaves and John Raistrick Collins,
of Bradford, in the County of York, Stuff Manufacturers, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 24th November 1868, and dated the 25th May 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Hargreaves
and John Raistrick Collins at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 25th May 1868.
We, FREDERICK HARGREAVES and JOHN RAISTRICK COLLINS, of
Bradford, in the County of York, Stuff Manufacturers, do hereby declare.
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to self-acting means or apparatus for
letting off the warp from the warp beam as required; and the improve-
ments consist in the application of a roller covered with india-rubber
or other similar substance betwixt the warp beam and the back rail.
This roller is geared by a train of toothed wheels with a ratchet wheel
carried on a stud fixed in the loom end, to which is attached a brake
pulley, and which is operated by a catch carried on or actuated by one

page_text: of the lathe swords. These wheels are so arranged that change wheels
may be introduced, so as to enable the speed of the said roller to be
varied as required according to the quality of the fabric being woven.
The warp passes around this roller from the beam, and is caused to lay
on nearly the whole of its circumference by means of two rods, which
it also passes over or around, and thereby to produce friction or hold on
the warp, thus letting the said warp pass off the beam at the proper rate
required.
Secondly. This Invention relates to means of taking up of the woven
fabric, and consists in the application of a similar roller placed betwixt
the breast beam and the piece beam, on which is affixed or is geared
to it a ratchet wheel, which is operated by catches in the usual manner,
so as to cause the piece to be taken up or wound on the beam as
woven.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederick Hargreaves and John Raistrick Collins
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th November 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, FREDERICK
HARGREAVES and JOHN RAISTRICK COLLINS, of Bradford, in the County
of York, Stuff Manufacturers, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Frederick Hargreaves and John Raistrick
Collins, Her special licence that we, the said Frederick Hargreaves and
John Raistrick Collins, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said Frederick Hargreaves and John Raistrick
Collins, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst

page_text: others) that we, the said Frederick Hargreaves and John Raistrick
Collins, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed; and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Frederick Hargreaves and John
Raistrick Collins, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings (that is to say):-
This Invention relates, firstly, to self-acting means or apparatus for
letting off the warp from the warp beam as required; and the improve-
ments .consist in the application of a roller covered. with, india-rubber
or other similar substance betwixt the warp beam and the back rail.
This roller is geared by.a. train of toothed wheels with a ratchet wheel
carried on a stud fixed in the loom end (to which is attached a brake
pulley), and which is operated by a catch carried on or actuated by one
of the lathe swords.. These wheels are so arranged that change wheels
may be introduced, so as to enable the speed of the said roller to be
varied as required according to the quality of fabric being woven.
The warp passes around this roller from the beam; and is. caused to lay
on nearly the whole of its circumference by means of two rods, which
it also passes over or around, and thereby to produce friction or hold on
the warp,
thus letting the said warp pass off the warp beam at the proper
rate required.
Secondly. This Invention relates to means of taking up the woven:
fabric, and the improvements consist. in the application of a similar.
roller placed betwixt the breast beam and the piece beam, on which.
roller is affixed or is geared to it a ratchet wheel, which is operated by
catches in the usual manner, so as to cause the piece to be taken up or
wound on the beam as it is woven..
In order that this Invention may be fully understood we have. herein.
given reference to an accompanying Sheet of Drawings of such parts
of an ordinary loom as will enable us to shew our improvements applied.
thereto.

page_text: The part marked with the letter A is the back rail, and B the warp
beam; C is the roller covered with india-rubber or other similar sub-
stance possessing great adhesion or friction upon other substances when
in contact therewith. The dotted circles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, & 6 represent
a train of gearing or toothed wheels connecting the said roller with a
ratchet wheel D, to which is affixed a pulley E having a strap F, which
is fixed. at one end to a stud F¹ in the frame, and thence passing around
the pulley and over a friction roller F is attached at the other end to a
weighted lever G. A catch or pawl lever H is hinged on a rod I also
hinged to the frame, and connected by a slot hole to a pin on the lathe
sword J. A rod K is also jointed to the catch H, and to the lever G,
and a handle L is jointed to the said lever G by which the catch H may
be placed out of gear with the ratchet wheel D when required. The
warp M passes from the beam B over rails N and N¹, thence around the
roller C to and over the back rail, thence through the healds and reed
in the usual manner to where the cloth is produced, which thence passes
over the breast beam P to an ordinary taking-up beam. The india-
rubber may be alone or in combination with cloth or other suitable
material.
The second part of our Invention is shewn by R, which is also a roller
covered with india-rubber instead of being fluted or coated with sand or
glass, as heretofore, working in contact with the piece beam S, on which
the piece is wound by the frictional contact thereon of the said india-
rubber covered roller R, the said roller being actuated by catches and
gearing in the usual manner of actuating the ordinary taking-up rollers
in looms for weaving. It will be observed that the action or motion of
the lathe sword J gives motion to the ratchet wheel D, which through
the medium of the train of gear wheels turns the india-rubber covered
roller C, thus letting off the warp from the beam B as required. The
friction of the brake pulley E and strap F which may be adjusted by the
weights G) and the adhesion of the warp thread to the roller prevents
any slipping or letting off without action of the lathe or the removal of
the catch and easing of the brake strap, which is effected by lifting the
handle L. It will also be observed that the adhesion of the cloth to the
india-rubber covered roller R and the nip thereof upon the piece beam S

page_text: will when properly actuated by usual means insure a regular take-up or
winding on of the woven fabric upon the said peice beam.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and shewn by
Drawings how the same is to be or may be performed or carried into
practical operation, we would have it understood that we do not confine
ourselves to the precise details shewn and described; but what we claim
as of our Invention is,-
Firstly. The application and use of a roller covered with india-rubber
alone or in combination with other material to act in conjunction with
the warp beam for holding and letting off the warp as required.
Secondly. The combination and arrangement of apparatus for effecting
the let-off actuated by the lathe sword, substantially as shown and
described.
Thirdly. The application and use of india-rubber alone or in com-
bination with other material as a covering to the taking-up roller to act
in conjunction with the piece beam.
In witness whereof, we, the said Frederick Hargreaves and John
Raistrick Collins, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-third day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
FREDERICK HARGREAVES.
(L.S.)
JOHN RAISTRICK COLLINS. (L.S.)