IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHOVELS, SPADES, HOES, RAKES, SCRAPERS AND SIMILAR TOOLS
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM BELL of 62 William Street. Sheffield in the County of York, Works
Manager do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHOVELS, SPADES, HOES, RAKES, SCRAPERS AND SIMILAR
TOOLS," to be as follows:-.
This Invention consists in the construction of shovels, spades, hoes, rakes,
scrapers and similar tools with detachable handles which are interchangeable.
The shovel plate, or equivalent bottom part of the tool, is punched or cut out
with a double recess with a projection in the centre thereof, this projection fitting
into a recess in the metal strap, or lower part of the handle; and is secured therein
by a wedge, set screws, or equivalent appliances; the top of the shovel plate is also
formed with projections which enter, corresponding recesses.in the metal strap and
are secured therein by a catch or otherwise.
The lower part of the handle including the ordinary strap is of metal, by
preference, malleable iron, or as 'a, modification the ordinary strap can be of sheet
iron or steel and be secured to a malleable iron casting by rivetting, and a flange
on the said malleable iron casting may be turned over the said sheet iron or steel
strap to make.it more secure.
:
The end of the wood handle is, or may be, bored and fitted onto a corresponding
projection on the casting which connects the handle and blade.
The metal
The strap is connected to the wood handle in the ordinary manner.
casting connecting the shovel plate to the handle can. extend the whole width of
the plate, or otherwise, and it is recessed to fit onto the said plate.

page_text: COMPLETE DE CULTIVATION.
I, WILLIAM BELL, of 62 William Street, Sheffield, in the County of York, Works
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for IMPROVEMENTS
"
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHOVELS, SPADES, HOES, RAKES, AND SCRAPERS, AND
SIMILIAR TOOLS" and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention consists in the construction of shovels, spades, hoes, rakes,
scrapers, and similiar tools with detachable handles which are interchangeable.
The shovel plate or equivalent bottom part of the tool is punched or otherwise
cut out with a double recess with a projection in the centre thereof, this projection
fitting into a recess in the metal strap or lower part of the handle, the metal strap
or lower part of the handle being secured by a wedge, screw, or other equivalent
appliance, to the shovel plate or bottom part of the tool, by passing through the
lower part of the handle, and the projection in the shovel plate.
The top of the shovel plate is also formed with projections which enter
corresponding recesses in the metal strap, and may be secured by a catch or
otherwise.
The lower part of the handle including the ordinary strap, is of metal, by
preference, malleable iron, or, as a modification, the ordinary strap can be of sheet
iron or steel, and is secured to a malleable iron casting by rivetting, and a flange
on the malleable iron casting, may be turned over the said sheet iron or steel strap,
to make it more secure.
The end of the wood handle is or may be bored or cut with a slit to fit into a
corresponding projection on the casting which connects the handle and shovel
plåte.
The strap is connected to the wood bandle in the ordinary manner.
The metal casting connecting the shovel plate to the handle, can extend the
whole width of the plate or otherwise, and it is recessed to receive the projections
on the said plate..
The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention.
Fig. 1. is a front view of malleable, casting with flanged .rim B to receive the
metal strap; A is the projection formed round, square, or any similiar shape, fitting.
into the groove or hole in the end of the wood handle, making it more secure; F is
slot to receive wedge, screw, or equivalent appliance.
Fig. 2. is a side view of Fig. 1. C is a hole for rivet to pass through to secure
the metal strap round wood handle to the malleable casting.
Fig. 3. is a plan or top view of Fig. 2. D D are recesses to receive pro-
jections E E.
Fig. 4. is a front view of strap passing round, or part way round, wood handle.
to secure handle to malleable casting.
Fig. 5. is a side view of Fig. 4. C is hole for rivet, to secure strap to malleable
casting.

page_text: Fig. 6. is end of wood handle; G is the hole or groove to receive projection A.
(Fig. 1.)
Figs. 7. 8. 9. are some examples of designs to which this invention is applicable.
Fig. 10. is a front view of a shovel complete.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
Firstly, Improvements in the construction of shovels, spades, hoes, rakes, scrapers,
and similiar tools, with detachable handles, which are interchangeable.
Secondly, in the construction of shovel and handle combined by punching or
cutting out the shovel plate or other tools, with a double recess, with a projection H
in the centre, this projection fitting into a recess in the malleable casting, and is
secured to the casting by a rivet, screw, or other equivalent appliance.
Thirdly, By securing the strip round the handle by letting it into a slot in the
flange B on the malleable casting.
Fourthly, The construction of shovels, spades, hoes, rakes, and scrapers, and
similiar tools, as firstly, secondly, and thirdly claimed, and as illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 9th day of Fahmu 100%
GARLICK AND MCGOWAN,
Agents for the Applicant.