IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR MAKING PAPER AND PAPER FABRICS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Walter Ibbotson, of Cartmel, in the County of
Lancaster, Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR
MAKING PAPER AND PAPER FABRICS."
Scaled the 25th January 1876, and dated the 27th July 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Walter Ibbotson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th July 1875
I, WALTER IBBOTSON, of Cartmel, in the County of Lancaster,
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR MAKING PAPER AND PAPER FABRICS," to be as
follows:-
:-
This Invention consists in so arranging and combining the parts of
paper-making machinery that either two webs or continuous sheets of
paper may be made at one time so as to produce two separate sheets, or
these separate sheets may be combined together in the process of manu-
facture so as to form a compound sheet of paper of the same or of
different qualities or colours on the two sides.

page_text: The mechanism is also so arranged that if desired a third continuous
sheet of paper or other fabric may be enclosed between the two con-
tinuous webs of paper above mentioned, so as to form another kind of
compound fabric
In carrying out my Invention the wet pulp is placed in suitable vats or
vessels at each end of or other convenient part of the compound machine
in which the several parts of ordinary paper-making machinery are
arranged in duplicate The pulp runs from the vats or vessels on to
endless wire gauze aprons, as in the ordinary paper-making machine,
and after passing between the couch rollers the endless webs of pulp are 1
conducted to the endless wet felt aprons which carry the two webs
forward simultaneously to the pressure rollers, and from thence to the..
two drying cylinders, which are brought into contact at one point, so
that the two continuous webs of paper are united at this point and aro
then conducted to a recl on which the combined sheet is wound.
Before-the-two continuous webs are united by being pressed between
the drying cylinders, a third web of paper or other fabric that has been
previously made and wound on a reel or roller for the purpose is passed
between the two continuous webs, and is incorporated therewith by
These latter arc
means of the pressure of the two drying cylinders
mounted in moveable bearings, so that they can be drawn back out of
contact with each other when it is desired to make two separate and
distinct continuous sheets of paper.
c
It will be evident therefore by the above described mode of arranging
the several parts of the machine that I am enabled to make either two
separate and distinct sheets of paper or a double sheet formed of
two webs combined together, or a compound sheet formed of two
webs and a third or middle sheet or filling, which may be of coarser
material than the outer webs, so that a thick compound sheet may be
produced at a moderate cost.
If preferred the webs of paper pulp may be brought into contact and
ioined together at the couch rollers or other part of the machine instead
1

page_text: filed by the said Walter Ibbotson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 27th January 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WALTER
IBBOTSON, of Cartmel, in the County of Lancaster, Agent, send
grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, er heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Walter Ibbotson, Her special licence that I,
the said Walter Ibbotson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Walter Ibbotson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR MAKING
PAPER," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Walter
Ibbotson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Walter Ibbotson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement. reference being had to the Drawing here-
unto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is
to say) :—
This Invention consists in so arranging and combining the parts of
paper-making machinery that either two webs or continuous sheets of
paper may be made at one time so as to produce two separate sheets, or
these separate sheets may be combined together in the
of manu-
process

page_text: facture so as to form a compound sheet of paper of the same or of
different qualities or colors on the two sides.
The mechanism is also so arranged that if desired a third continuous
sheet of paper or other fabric may be enclosed between the two con-
tinuous webs of paper above mentioned so as to form another kind of
compound fabric.
In carrying out my Invention the wet pulp is placed in suitable vats
or vessels at each end or other convenient part of the compound machine
in which the several parts of paper making machinery are arranged in
duplicate The pulp runs from the vats or vessels on to endless wire
gauze aprons as in the ordinary paper-making machine, and after
passing between the couch rollers, the endless webs of pulp are conducted
to the endless wet felt aprons which carry the two webs forward
simultaneously to the pressure rollers, and from thence to the two
drying cylinders, which are brought into contact at one point, so that
the two continuous webs of paper are united at this point, and are then
conducted to a reel on which the combined sheet is wound
Before the two continuous webs are united by being pressed between
the drying cylinders, a third web of paper or other fabric that has been
previously made and wound on a reel or roller for the purpose can be
passed between the two continuous webs and incorporated therewith by
means of the pressure of the two drying cylinders These latter are
mounted one or both in movable bearings, so that they can be drawn
back out of contact with each other when it is desired to make two
separate and distinct continuous sheets of paper.
In Fig 1 of the accompanying Drawing I have shown in longitudinal
sectional clevation so much of a paper making machine as will serve to
illustrate my Invention.
A, A', are the knotter frames in connection with the pulp vats, and
from these frames the pulp is supplied to the wire gauze aprons B, B',
which deliver their respective webs of paper pulp to the couch rolls C, C¹
From these rolls the webs pass to their respective felt aprons D, D', and
having received pressure from the pressing rolls E, E¹, they pass to the
drying cylinders F, F¹, as indicated by the blue line
At the point x, x, the webs of paper pulp receive pressure from the 3
two drying cylinders when it is desired to unite them into one fabric, and

page_text: by this pressure they are converted into a compound fabric which is
wound on to a reẹl G
I would remark that size or other adhesive matter may be applied at
pleasure to the surface of one web of paper before reaching tho
point x, x.
When a strong or thick paper is desired to be made, a third web may
be introduced into the fabric as an intermediate layer This will be
drawn from a reel as at II, and it may consist either of coarse paper or
of a woven or other fabric.
The drying cylinder F is shown as mounted in traversing bearings,
traversing screws being provided for drawing back this cylinder when
required from contact with the cylinder F, and leaving a clear space
between them for the passage of the webs of paper to separate reels.
When n'the cylinder F' is thus drawn back, say to the dotted position of
Fig 1, the machine will be converted virtually into two distinct paper
making machines The web as it comes off from the cylinder F¹ being
then received on to the reel G', the use of the web on the recl H will be
dispensed with
It will be evident that by the above described arrangement of machine
I am enabled to make either two separate and distinct webs of paper
simultaneously, or a double web formed of the two webs combined
together, or a compound sheet formed of the two webs and a third or
middle sheet or filling, in which latter case (as a coarse fabric is
admissible) a compound sheet may be produced at a moderate cost.
At Fig 2 I have shown a modification of the above described machine,
in which instead of a third web being taken from a reel to make the con-
tinuous sheet of compound paper it is shown as produced by the aid of
a making cylinder, I is the making cylinder mounted in a chest K
which contains pulp that is kept in constant agitation The periphery
of this cylinder is covered with wire cloth, and within it is a partition
extending the entue length of the cylinder. This partition is carried by
fixed trunnions and remains stationary while the cylinder revolves
around it. A vacuum is maintained within the cylinder while it is
kept rotating, and as the cylinder I is partially immersed in the pulp it
will as it rotates take up a coating of pulp, and deliver the same on to
the web received on to the drying cylinder from the wire gauze
apron B¹.

page_text: Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "Improved
Machinery for Making Paper," and explained the manner of carrying
the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above in
part recited Letters Patent, I claim,—
First. The arrangement of machinery above described with reference
to Fig 1 of the Drawings for making a compound web or continuous
sheet of compound paper or two separate webs or continuous sheets of
paper, as desired
Secondly The modification described with reference to Fig. 2 for
making a compound web or continuous sheet of compound paper.
In witness whereof, I, the said Walter Ibbotson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-fifth day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
SIX