and their Germs from Liquids.
Year: 1885

page_text: and their Germs from Liquids.
I, THOMAS RICHARD SHILLITO of 89 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE METHOD OF SEPARATING MICRO-ORGANISMS AND THEIR GERMS FROM
LIQUIDS" a communication to me from abroad by Dr Karl Möller of Kupferhammer,
near Brackwede in the German Empire, to be as follows:-
:-
This invention refers to the removal of Micro-organisms and their germs
(microbes) from liquids by means of filtration through firmly compressed fibrous
material, and the subsequent purification of this latter.
For this purpose asbestos, amianth, slag wool or other inorganic or organic
fibrous material either in the natural, carded, spun, woven, or felted state or in the
form of paper or cardboard is compressed until the interstices in such material are
so small that micro-organisms and their germs cannot pass through them. The
liquid to be treated is forced through a filter composed of such material and in this
manner the said small injurious objects are separated from the same.
The freedom of the liquids filtered in this manner from micro-organisms and
their germs may be readily ascertained by adding to such liquids a nutritious fluid
such as the gelatine known as Dr Koch's prepared gelatine reduced to a fluid state
and then examining the same in the ordinary way.
It is preferable first to pass the liquids to be treated through any suitable
ordinary filter so as to remove all the usual mechanical impurities before passing
through the aforesaid special filter which I term the disinfecting filter.
The material of which the disinfecting filter is composed may after use be
purified in some cases by boiling or heating in gases or vapours up to 100°-160°
Celsius or higher, whereby the micro-organisms and germs are killed and dissolved
or decomposed; in other cases like that of slag wool the use of strong acids or
alkalies is preferred.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of Separating Micro-organisms
and their Germs from Liquids.
I, THOMAS RICHARD SHILLITO of 89 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE METHOD OF SEPARATING MICRO-ORGANISMS AND THEIR GERMS FROM
LIQUIDS" and in what manner the same is to be performed (a communication to
me from abroad by Dr Karl Möller of Kupferhammer near Brackwede in the
German Empire) to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following -
statement:
This invention has reference to the removal of Micro-organisms and their germes
(microbes) from liquids by means of filtration through firmly compressed fibrous
material and the subsequent purification of this latter.
For this purpose, asbestos, amianth, slag-wool, or other suitable inorganic or
organic fibrous material either in the natural, carded, spun, woven or felted state
or in the form of paper or cardboard is compressed until the interstices or pores in
such material become so small that micro-organisms and their germs cannot pass
through them. The liquid to be treated is forced through a filter composed of the.
said material and in this manner the said small injurious objects are separated from
the same.
The freedom of the liquids filtered in this manner from micro-organisms and
their germs may be readily ascertained by adding to such liquids or samples of
them a suitable nutritious fluid such as the gelatine known as Dr Koch's pre-
pared gelatine reduced to a fluid state and then examining the same in the
ordinary way.
It is preferable first to pass the liquids to be treated through a suitable ordinary
filter so as to remove all the usual mechanical impurities before passing them
through the aforesaid special filter which I term the disinfecting filter.
The material of which the disinfecting filter is composed may after use be
purified in some cases by boiling, or by heating in gases or vapours at a temperature
varying from 100 degrees to 160 degrees Celsius, whereby the micro-organisins and
germs are killed and dissolved or decomposed; in other cases like that of slag wool
the use of strong acids or alkalies is preferred; the filter may also be rendered fit a
for re-use in some cases by removing the infected layer or layers of the filtering
material and filtering through the freshly exposed surface.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The method of separating micro-organisms and their germs from liquids by
means of filtration through firmly compressed fibrous material and the subsequent
purification of this latter in the manner stated substantially as hereinbefore
described.