An Improved Apparatus for Burning Petroleum or other Substances.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 24th July, 1888
RE
Complete Specification Left, 7th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 2nd Mar., 1889
An Improved Apparatus for Burning Petroleum or other Substances.
We LOUIS PAUL GUIGNARD merchant in Fluntern-Zürich (Switzerland) and JAKOB
SCHWEIZER engineer in Unterstrass-Zürich (Switzerland) do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This apparatus intended for the burning of ordinary petroleum or similar substances
converts the same first into gas, which streaming out through a small aperture, mixes
The mixture with
with the air, and once lit, continues to burn in a regular manner.
air, takes place in the interior of the burner or retort, so that there is no condensation
of the gas, and the mixture being very hot, the burning is complete, without any
smoke nor smell.
By a slight constructive modification, the same apparatus may be made to produce
either a single "blast" flame of considerable length, or a "silent" flame which is
best adapted to cooking and heating purposes.
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The "blast flame may be employed in various industries, for melting, welding,
and soldering purposes, and also with advantage be used for heating steamboilers, in
which case, it of itself, produces sufficient draught, rendering the use of long chimneys,
steam-blasts and the like unnecessary.
The fluid combustible is as a rule contained in an air-tight receptacle, partially
filled with air. In this by means of an air-pump a higher pressure than the
atmospheric is produced, under the influence of which, the fluid mounts through a
tube into the burner-It is also possible to employ a receptacle which is placed
higher than the burner, from which the fluid will simply flow downwards to the
same by the feed tube.
The burner consists of a metal cylinder, with a series of narrow flanges, which
is enclosed by a metal jacket. The space between cylinder and jacket is closed at
both ends by the end-flanges of the cylinder, and both being soldered together,
this space is completely separated from the outer air-As the flame which is produced
by the apparatus, passes through this combination the same is maintained at a high
temperature, and forms a sort of retort, into which the feed tube leads. The

page_text: combustible mounting through it is evaporated in proportion of the consumption
and issues unto the cylinder in the form of gas in an axial direction, through a
small jet, which is situated in the cylinder axis at one end of the cylinder. The
pressure under which the gas issues gives the same a considerable rapidity, enabling
it, to draw the necessary amount of air for its combustion, with it.
In the "silent" apparatus the whole of the above described combination is retained,
but it is covered by a second cylindrical jacket at a small distance from the first. This
exterior jacket is pierced by a large number of small holes; it is closed at the end
opposite the gas-jet and fixed tightly to the cylinder flange at the jet end.-The stream
of gas issues in the same way as before, but is now no more ignited at the jet, it
strikes against the covering of the outer jacket and is blown and whirled back into
the space between the inner and outer jacket, from whence it issues into the open
air, by the lateral holes above mentioned, where it is ignited.-The flames surrounding
the outer jacket maintain the whole apparatus at a sufficiently high temperature, to
effect the evaporation of the combustible, the flow of which is, in both cases regulated
by a screw valve in the feed pipe.
For the silent apparatus, the cylindrical outer jacket could be replaced by a cover
of different shape to suit the form wished for the burner.
In changing the quantity of air to be mixed with the gas we are enabled to get
either a blue or a white luminous flame.
1000
L. P. GUIGNARD.
J. SCHWEIZER.

page_text: An Improved Apparatus for Burning Petroleum or other Substances.
LOUIS PAUL GUIGNARD merchant of Fluntern-Zurich and JAKOB SCHWEIZER
engineer in Unterstrass-Zurich (Switzerland) do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This apparatus intended for burning ordinary petroleum or similar fluids, converts
the same first into a gas, which streaming out through a small aperture, mixes with
the air, and once lit continues to burn in a regular manner-The mixture with the air
takes place in a cylinder, which passes through the interior of the burner so that there
is no condensation, and the mixture being very hot, the burning is complete without
smoke nor smell.
By a slight constructive modification the same apparatus may be made, to produce
either a single "blast" flame of considerable length, or a "silent" flame which is
best adapted to cooking and heating purposes-These burners may be employed in
various industries such as: smelting, welding, soldering, and may with advantage be
used for heating steamboilers in which case, they of themselves, produce sufficient.
draught, rendering the use of long chimneys, steamblasts and the like unnecessary.
The combustible in the form of a fluid, which is to be burned in a gaseous form,
is as a rule contained in an air-tight receptacle, partially filled with the same-In
this preferably, by means of an air-pump, a higher pressure than the atmospheric
is produced, under the influence of which, the fluid passes from the receptacle,
through a tube, into the apparatus or burner. It is also possible to employ a
receptacle, placed higher than the apparatus or burner, from which, the fluid will
simply flow downwards by gravity, through, the feed tube, into the evaporating
apparatus or burner.
In the accompanying drawing, represents:
Fig. 1 a vertical longitudinal section of the "silent
burner.
"
"
2 a cross section
of
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3 a side view
of
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33
"
"
4 an end view
of
"
"
"
5 a vertical longitudinal section
of the "blast
burner.
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6 a cross section on the line AB fig. 5 of
"
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27
7 an end view
of
"1
"
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19
"
8 a cross section on the line CD fig. 5 of
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9 a cross
EF
of
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10 a side view
of
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"
The apparatus or burner, consists of a metal cylinder a fig. 1. 2. 4. 5-10 having a
series of external narrow flanges, which flanges have recesses c¹ or openings. These
flanges are made to communicate the heat, but they are not absolutely necessary-The
cylinder a is enclosed by a jacket 6-The space c between cylinder and jacket is closed
at both ends by end flanges (these being without the recesses c¹) on the cylinder a;
the cylinder and jacket being soldered together, the space c is completely (separated)
isolated from the outer, air-The recesses c¹ in the flanges on the cylinder, form
passages for the fluid and gas, between the cylinder a and jacket b-The apparatus
or burner forms a sort of retort, into which the feed tube d leads-The fluid passes
through the tube d, into the space c, between cylinder a and jacket b.
The combustible fluid, passing into the apparatus is evaporated, in proportion to

page_text: the consumption, and issues into the cylinder in the form of gas, in an axial
direction, through a small tube or jet e situated in the cylinder axis, at one end of
the cylinder, and communicating with the space c.
The cup fig. 5-10 fixed on the tube d is to be filled with spirits, for heating
the apparatus or burner when starting it. When so heated the fluid in the space c
will be converted into gas, which will pass from the space c, through the jet e,
into the cylinder a-The pressure under which the gas issues, gives the same a
considerable rapidity, enabling it to draw by itself, the cylinder a being in
communication with the open air the necessary amount of air for its combustion
with it. Gases containing a larger amount of pure oxygen, could also be employed,
when great heat is required. When the gas is lighted a long "blast" flame is formed,
which appears at the open end of the cylinder-The flame keeps the apparatus hot,
thereby generating more gas as it is consumed. The plug i will be removed, when
the jet e is to be cleaned.-When a "silent" burner is desired, the above described
apparatus is simply covered, by a second cylindrical jacket fig. 1-4 at a small
distance from the first.
This exterior jacket f fig. 1-4. is pierced in a seive-like manner by a number of
small holes, or apertures of any form g fig. 3; it is closed at the end opposite the gas
jet, and secured to a flange on the jacket b at the jet end of the burner-The stream of
gas issues in the same way as before from the cylinder-It strikes against the covering
of the outer-jacket f and is blown and whirled back into the space k, between the
inner and outer jackets b & f, from whence it issues, into the open air, through the
apertures gg at which it is ignited. For special purposes, the apertures may be
placed either over the whole surface of the jacket f, or on any single part of it. The
Hames surrounding the outer jacket, maintain the whole apparatus at a sufficiently
high temperature, to effect the evaporation of the combustible fluid, the flow of which
is, in both cases, regulated by suitable means applied to the feed pipe.
"
For the "silent apparatus, the cylindrical outer jacket could be replaced, by a
jacket of different shape from that shown, to suit the form desired for the burner.-
The object to be attained, by this combination is firstly, to prevent the mixture of
petroleum-gas and air, from taking fire on issuing from the cylinder, and secondly
to conduct this mixture, into a place adapted to the employment of the burner,
from which it finds exit into the open air by the above mentioned apertures, at
which it is ignited. This space must be proportioned in such a way, that part of
the heat produced maintain the retort at a sufficiently high temperature for the
regular evaporation.-If desired the first jacket may also receive a somewhat altered
form.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1° The combination of the cylinder a, enclosed by a metal jacket b, having the
space c between them, forming a sort of retort, into which the feed tube d leads. The
tube or jet e leading the gas from the space c into the cylinder, the mixture with air
taking place in the interior of the cylinder,-substantially as described.
20 To the above combination the adjonction of an apertured outer-jacket f covering
the first jacket, having a space k between them, this outer jacket preventing the
mixture to be ignited on issuing from the cylinder, and conducting this mixture at
the place chosen for its combustion, substantially as described.
Dated this 3rd day of January 1889.