Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 11th June, 1886.
Complete Left, 8th Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 7th Apr., 1887.
I, PIERRE JOSEPH LOUIS ONFRAY, of 1 Rue Royer Collard at Paris, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a sewing machine of the kind in which a loop of the needle
thread after being passed round a spool containing a bobbin of under thread is drawn
up enclosing the under thread thus forming lock stitch. In the machine arranged
according to my invention, the main driving shaft extends across the machine
immediately under the table on which the fabric to be sewn is laid, and it has fixed on
it first a crank which, by means of a lever, works the needle arm; secondly, a pair of
cams which work a four motion feed adjustable for length of stitch, and thirdly, a
crank to which is jointed a rod that carries at its top a lateral hook. This rod extends
downwards and slides through a boss pivotted on centres some distance below the
shaft and parallel thereto. As the last mentioned crank revolves, the hook on the rod
is made to sweep round the spool. To the needle arm is linked one end of a lever,
the other end of which is linked to a spring arm which carries the presser foot so that
as the needle descends into the fabric the presser foot is somewhat raised. The needle
arm carries an eye through which the thread is passed, this eye drawing up the
thread as the needle rises. The spool which contains the bobbin of under thread is
pressed by a concave outer plate against an inner plate, and both these plates are
made with feet projecting outwards having slotted holes through which pass setting
screws. By slacking these screws both plates can be slid outwards along with the
spool so as to give access to it when its bobbin is exhausted. The spool being
replaced between the two plates, they are slid in and secured in position by tightening
the screws. The action of the machine is as follows: The needle descends through
the fabric, and as it begins to ascend its thread forms a bulge. At this moment the
hook engages the bulge of the thread which it carries as a loop a little more than half
way round the spool; it then taking an inclined attitude lets go the loop which is
drawn up by the continued ascent of the needle. By means of a lateral spring, this
loop at the upper part of its course is thrust aside so as to be kept clear of the next
loop that is formed.
n: 17th dose of Tune 180
ABEL & IMRAY,
28, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: A New or Improved Lockstitch Sewing Machine.
I, PIERRE JOSEPH Louis Onfray, of 1 Rue Royer Collard at Paris, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to a sewing machine of the kind in which a loop of the needle
thread, after being passed round a spool containing a bobbin of under thread, is
drawn up, enclosing the under thread, thus forming lockstitch. My improvements
have for their object, to obtain greater simplicity and strength for the machine, more
perfect working and uniformity of stitch, increased speed, a novel combination of
devices for forming the stitch, and other advantages.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 shews a front view of the improved machine,
Fig. 2 shews a side view, Fig. 3 shews a section of the mechanism for seizing the
loop of the needle thread for forming the lockstitch, as also that for feeding the fabric.
Fig. 4 shews a front view of the parts shewn at Fig. 3. The dotted lines indicate the
loop of the needle thread and the looper. Figs. 5 and 6 shew enlarged views of the
looper or hook that seizes the loop of the needle thread and carries it round the spool.
Fig. 7 shews an arrangement for holding the support n of the spool in the raised
position.
The needle arm a is fixed on the shaft b mounted on lathe centres, and receives a
vertical reciprocating motion by means of an arm c in a slot of which works a roller
on a crank pin fixed on the disc p on the driving shaft p¹ carrying the driving
pulley p³.
.
e
On the other end of the shaft p¹ are fixed the cams d and ¹ for actuating the feed
motion, and the crank & carrying the looper e, shewn more clearly at Figs. 5 and 6.
The crank & having a continuous rotary motion imparted to it, causes the looper
to seize the loop of the needle thread when the needle g rises after having passed
through the fabric. The looper e then carries the loop over the spool f, and then
releases it again ready for seizing the next loop. For effecting this, the looper has
connected to it a rod e¹ the lower end of which slides in a pivotted guide h, whereby
the looper is made to assume varying angular positions as it passes round. The
guide his carried on lathe centres h¹ screwed through bosses on the framing 1.
The circular spoolf with bobbin f¹ is supported on the one side by a plate m having
a spring arm m¹ that thrusts aside the loop of thread after it has left the looper so as
to keep this free to seize the next loop of the needle thread. On the other side the
spool is pressed upon by a spring n' on the annular support n. The supports m
and n have each a slotted tail piece m² n' which are secured respectively by setting
screws i and screwing into bosses on the framing, so that by loosening the
setting-screws the supports m and n can be adjusted to any required position, or
removed entirely. When the thread of the bobbin fis exhausted, the support n is
opened by pulling at the spring n¹ and the spool will then fall out. The support n
may also be held in position by a spring bolt such as is shewn at N, Fig. 7, so that by
drawing back the bolt, the support can be turned down on its hinge joint.

page_text: The feed mechanism is as follows: On the cams d d' are made to bear two levers,
namely an elbow lever r¹ bearing on the cam d pivotted at its lower end to the
framing and carrying at its elbow a loose projecting pin on the front end of which is
clamped the serrated feed plate S¹, the motion of the lever being regulated by the
adjusting screw screwing through a boss on the framing and having a lock nut 4,
on the upper end of which screw the lever bears. A second lever S bearing on
cam d¹ is fixed on the inner end of the pin carrying the feed plate and serves to give
this an upward motion for nipping the fabric against the presser foot t during the
forward feed, such feed being effected by the action of the cam d on the lever r r²;
a spring, fixed to the framing and bearing against this lever is made to move the
lever and plate S¹ back again.
The spring arm t¹ of the presser foot t Figs. 1 and 2 is secured to the framing by a
screw t and is sufficiently elastic to allow the presser foot t to receive an up and down
motion at each stitch through the motion of the needle arm, a rod v² fixed to the
latter being for this purpose connected to a small beam v, pivotted to the framing and
having its other end connected by a rod to the spring arm t' of the presser foot.
The movement of the beam is so adjusted as to cause the presser arm to rise at the
time when the needle passes down through the fabric, thus allowing the latter to be
freely turned in any direction without stopping the machine.
When the machine is at rest the presser foot can be raised or lowered by means of
a lever pivotted to the upper arm of the framing, and having an eccentric boss that
acts upon a hooked rod t fixed to the presser arin. The upper thread passes to the
needle through the eye of an arm & on the needle arm a, which has the effect of
tightening the stitch on the rising of the arm.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The use in lockstitch sewing machines of a hook or looper e having both a rotary
motion round the spool and a reciprocating motion on a horizontal axis for con-
secutively seizing the loop of the needle thread, carrying it over the spool and then
releasing it again, substantially as herein described with reference to the drawings.
2. Providing on the end of the driving shaft a crank d² on whose pin is mounted a
rod el carrying the hook or looper e and sliding with its lower end through a hole in
a pivotted bar h, whereby the hook in rotating with the crank, has at the same time
an oscillating motion imparted to it round the pin, substantially as herein described
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
3. The use, for supporting the spool for the under thread, of a ring shaped
abutment m, having a spring m¹ for pushing aside the released loop, substantially as
herein described with reference to the drawings.
4. The combination with the needle arm a of a beam v receiving motion therefrom
and imparting such motion to the presser arm in such manner by a rod that the
presser foot is raised thereby when the needle descends through the fabric, sub-
stantially as herein described.
5. Carrying the presser foot by means of a spring arm fixed to the framing,
substantially as herein described.
6. Providing on the end of the needle arm a an arm through which the thread
passes on its way to the needle, and which serves to tighten the stitch on the rising of
the arm.
0:1 1
I 1007
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.