IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR PURIFYING AND GRADING MIDDLINGS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine,
Lake, & Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR PURIFYING AND
GRADING MIDDLINGS."-A communication from abroad by Simeon
Howes, Alpheus Babcock, Norman Babcock, and Carlos Ewell, all
of Silver Creek. New York. United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 30th May 1874.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London,. do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR PURIFYING
AND GRADING MIDDLINGS," a communication, to be as follows:-
or less
These improvements relate to machines, operating to more
agitate or scatter the unpurified middlings, and at the same time subject
them to the action of an air current or blast which separates and carries

page_text: charged from the machine either in one body or graded according to
their fineness, as may be desired.
The said Invention consists,―
First. In the combination, with an exhaust chamber, of a rapidly
rotating brush or beater arranged horizontally, and a concave piece pro-
vided with a corrugated or otherwise roughened surface between which
the unpurified middlings are fed and subjected to the scouring or beating
action thereof; the material thus beaten and agitated is thrown into or
across the exhaust chamber, where it is subjected to the action of an
upward air current, which in passing through the diffused and scattered
material separates and carries off with it the fibrous particles and other
light impurities that have been detached by the beater, while the heavier
granules or good middlings descend by gravity into a discharge hopper
at the bottom of the exhaust chamber.
Secondly. In the combination with a cylindrical exhaust case having
longitudinal air inlets in the lower portion thereof, and communicating
at the top with the eye of a fan, of an elevating wheel revolving within
the case, and composed of a series of longitudinal buckets arranged
around its periphery somewhat after the manner of the wings of a fan
or the floats of a water wheel, whereby the unpurified middlings fed
into the buckets of the elevating wheel, through the upper end of the
case, will be carried upward to a certain height, when they are discharged
from the inner edge of the now inclined bucket and fall upon the suc-
ceeding buckets, which in turn empty them upon the next, and so
subject the material to the action of the air current passing through the
case to the fan, which carries off the lighter impurities, while the good
granules of middlings descend, the material being repeatedly subjected
to this action of the air current until it reaches the tail end of the
..machine.
Thirdly. In means for feeding the material to be purified through
the head of the clevating wheel to the buckets thereof. The elevating
wheel has buckets or wings which may be attached at their ends to two
heads or discs keyed to a shaft or provided with journals having bearings
in the ends of the case, or the buckets are secured to the ends of radial
arms on the shaft of the wheel, in which case the heads are dispensed

page_text: .
with. The said wings or buckets may also be so constructed and
arranged as to prevent the material after it has been fed on to the buckets
from falling between them into the bottom of the case as the wheel
revolves, the material discharged from the inner edge of any bucket
falling upon the succeeding buckets. The outer edges of the said:
buckets are provided with a flange which prevents the material on the
buckets from being discharged as the wheel revolves, and changes the
position and inclination of the buckets. The material may be fed into
the machine and on the buckets through a spout and discharged therefrom
in the same manner as meal is fed into an ordinary flour bolt. Tho
head may be provided on its outer side with a projecting feed chamber
with a central opening for the feed spout. The head has openings
arranged near or between the buckets of the wheel, and provided with
inclined boards or buckets slanting inwardly, so that as the wheel
revolves they will take the material from the bottom of the feed chamber
and raise the same on the elevating side of the wheel until they have
assumed an inclination which will cause the material scooped up to be
discharged through the opening upon the buckets of the wheel. The
head at the tail end is provided with holes, and a suitable space is left so
that the purified middlings escape into the bottom of the case, and
thence into a spout Icading therefrom. If desired the openings may be
provided with outwardly inclined scoops or boards arranged on the:
inner side of the head. The material may be fed into the wheel
directly by a spout entering a hole in the head or side of the case,
and
the middlings discharged through a suitable spout arranged in the
bottom of the case at the tail end of the wheel.
Fourthly. In the combination with the cylindrical exhaust case of an.
elevating wheel provided with buckets which travel in contact with the
bottom of the case, and scoop up the material that falls or accumulates
on the bottom of the case, and elevate the same to a point near the top
of the wheel when it is discharged between the buckets at the lower
side of the wheel to the bottom of the case, and in this manner subjected
to the separating action of the air current during the whole of its descent.
Fifthly. In the combination with the exhaust case and elevating wheel
of a disintegrating cylinder arranged within the latter so as to break up
or divide the material as it is discharged from the buckets, whereby the
separation of the impurities is facilitated.

page_text: Sixthly. In the combination with the exhaust case provided with two
feed apertures, one at the head and one near the centre of the case, and
discharging the purified middlings at or near the centre and at the tail end
of an elevating wheel provided with buckets that will permit the feeding
of the material at the centre for purifying two grades of middlings at the
same time.
Seventhly. In a reel bolt composed of overlapping segments jointed or
hinged so that the over-lapping edges will automatically open as they
pass above the horizontal plane of the axis or thereabouts, and form
longitudinal apertures for the escape of the impurities from the reel,
and as they appoach the said horizontal plane, close and prevent any
escape of the material from the lower half of the reel, except througli
the meshes of the wire cloth covering.
Eighthly. In the combination with the exhaust case communicating at
the top with the eye of a fan of a hinged sectional reel. The bolting
reel is mounted in a slightly inclined position in its casing in which it
fits so as to leave but a narrow space between the reel and the casing on
each side. The reel is formed of rectangular frames covered with
bolting cloth, the ends or cross sections of which may be either straight,
curved, or angular. The bolting cloth may be of uniform texture, or it
may be secured to the framing in pieces having a different texture
increasing in fineness from the tail to the head of the bolt in the usual
manner. These frames or segments are hinged at one edge by means of
pivots which connect the corners at their ends with the head and tail
pieces, so as to form a flap valve with the free edge of cach under-
lapping the hinged edge of the adjacent frame. The ends of the scg-
mental frames are connected to the head and tail pieces by cloth to
prevent the escape of the material at these places. The top of the
casing connects with the eye of the fan, so as to form an exhaust
chamber within the casing.
Ninthly. In the combination with the tail end of the reel and the outlet
formed therein, of a shield or deflector whereby any granules of good
middlings that may be carried along with the air current are arrested
and deflected upon the wire bolting cloth.
Tenthly. In a reel or bolt arranged within a casing having hollow walls;
which form an air chamber provided with gates or valves through which
the admission of air into the bolt at various points around its circum-

page_text: ference is regulated, the particles of bran and other impurities being
separated from the middlings by the air admitted into the bolt and
carried in suspension, and discharged with the air through one end of.
the machine.
Eleventhly. In the combination with the bolt of a diaphragm of less
diameter than the bolt, for arresting and deflecting any lighter particles
or granules of the middlings that may have been partly raised by the air
current, back on the bolt cloth while the fibrous particles and other
impurities are forced or drawn through the diaphragm or carried around
the edge thereof by the air current.
Twelfthly. In combination with the bolt and diaphragm of a brush
suspended from the bolt shaft for clearing the meshes of the diaphragm.
Thirteenthly. In the combination with a revolving reel bolt of a brush
journaled loosely upon its shaft, and suspended therefrom so as to come
in contact with the bolt cloth and clear the meshes thereof as the bolt
revolves.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 28th November 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Robert Lake, Her special
licence that I, the said William Robert Lake, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Robert Lake,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN

page_text: MACHINES FOR PURIFYING AND GRADING MIDDLINGS," a communication to me
from abroad by Simeon Howes, Alpheus Babcock, Norman Babcock,
and Carlos Ewell, all of Silver Creek, New York, United States of
America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Robert Lake, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Robert Lake, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawing forming a part of this Specification:-
These improvements relate to machines operating to more or less
agitate or scatter the unpurified middlings, and at the same time subject
them to the action of an air current or blast, which separates and carries
off with it the fibrous matter and other impurities which are lighter than
the granules of good middlings, while the latter are collected and dis-
charged from the machine either in one body or graded according to
their fineness, as may be desired.

page_text: a closed reel bolt and double casing.
Figure 17 is a cross section on the line x, x, Figure 16.
Figure 18 is a cross section of the shaft, with one of the bolt clearing
brushes attached to the same.
Like letters indicate the same parts throughout the Drawing.
In Figures 1, 2, and 3, A represents the case of the machine supported
by a suitable frame; B is a cylindrical brush, arranged horizontally at
one side of the case or chamber; and 6 is a concave piece arranged
underneath the brush and formed with longitudinal corrugations; a is
a trough or chamber, arranged at the top of the chamber A, provided
with a riglit and left-hand conveyer a¹, which conducts the middlings
fed through a spout a² at the contre toward each end, so as to distribute
them uniformily into a passage a³ that discharges them between the
brush and concave piece; C is a hopper at the bottom of the case A,
terminating in a trough provided with a suitable conveyer for conducting
Suitable
the purified middlings to a discharge spout at one end.
openings c, regulated by valves, admit air into the bottom of the case or
chamber A, while a tube leads from the top of this chamber to the eye
of a fan or other air exhausting apparatus. The shaft of the brush
revolves in adjustable bearings, by which the friction between the said
brush and concave piece is regulated. Motion is communicated to the
brush and conveyer's by pulleys and belts in any suitable manner.
The effect of the corrugations of the said concave piece is to give to
the material as it is brushed by them a rebounding flirting action, by.
which the material is more thoroughly whipped and scoured, and the
particles of fibrous matter, smut, and other refuse are detached from the

page_text: granules of good middlings as they are thrown from the brush into and
across the central portion of the chamber. The current of air passing
upward arrests and carries upward with it to the fan the lighter im-
purities, while the granules or good middlings fall into the hopper and
are discharged, as above described.
In Figures 2 and 3 a second brush D and concave piece d, similar
to B, b, are arranged in the opposite side of the exhaust chamber a little
below B, b. The middlings are discharged from the first brush and
cylinder with sufficient force to cause them to fall upon an inclined
board or hopper d³, which conducts them between the brush and con-
cave piece D, d, where they are subjected to a second scouring or
whipping, and from which they are thrown back into the central portion'
of the chamber, when they are a second time subjected to the action of
the ascending current of air.
Plain beaters may be used instead of the brush cylinder with sta-
tionary brushes attached to the face of the concave piece, and used
instead of the corrugations, or the concave piece may be left plain; but
in the latter case a brush cylinder should be employed. It is preferred
however to use the brush cylinder and corrugated concave piece, as
shown in the Drawing.
This improved apparatus is specially adapted for the first treatment of
middlings, although it is obvious that any of the other grading or
separating machines may be used in connection with this' improved
machine for operating on the material either before or after it has passed
through this machine.
.
In Figures 4, 5, 9, 10, and 11 E is the case of the machine; and e,
the extension thereof; F is the suction or exhaust fan; and f, ƒ', are
the air inlet openings in the lower portion of the case; Gis the elevating
wheel; and g, g, are the buckets or wings thereof. In the machine
represented in Figure 5 these buckets are shewn attached at their ends
to two heads or discs H, H³, which are keyed to a shaft or provided with
journals having bearings in the ends of the case. In Figure 9 the
buckets are shewn secured to the ends of radial arms ¹ of the shaft of
the wheel, in which case the heads H, H³, are dispensed with. In
Figure 4 the wings or buckets are shown constructed and arranged to
prevent the falling of the material after it has been fed upon the buckets
between them into the bottom of the case as the wheel revolves, the

page_text: material discharged from the inner edge of any bucket falling upon the
succeeding buckets. In Figure 4 the outer edges of the buckets are
shewn provided with a flange g', which keeps the material on the buckets
from being discharged or sliding off of the outer edge of the buckets as
the wheel revolves, and changes the position and inclination of the
buckets. The curved outer edge of the buckets, shown in Figure 9, acts
as a substitute for the flange g¹ in retaining the material. The material
may be fed into the machine, and on the buckets through a spout, and
discharged therefrom in the same manner as meal is fed into an ordinary
flour bolt.
k
In Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8 the head H is shewn provided on its outer
side with a projecting feed chamber I formed by a disc i and circular
flange secured to the head with a central opening in the disc for the
feed spout. The head H has openings & arranged near or between the
buckets of the wheel and provided with inclined boards or buckets k³,
extending from the head through the feeding chamber to the outer
disc i thereof, and slanting inwardly, so as to form an acute angle with
the direction of the movement of the wheel, so that as the wheel revolves
the said scoops will take the material from the bottom of the feed
chamber, and raise the same on the elevating side of the wheel until
they have assumed an inclination which will cause the material scooped
up to be discharged through the opening k upon the buckets of the
wheel. The head H' at the tail end is provided with holes / made at the
junction of several of the buckets with the head, and a suitable space is
left between the latter and the outer case, so that the purified middlings
escape into the bottom of the case, and thence into a spout ¹ leading
therefrom. If desired the openings may be provided with outwardly
inclined scoops or boards 13 arranged on the inner side of the head H¹.
In Figure 9 the material may be fed into the wheel directly by a spout
entering a hole in the head or side of the case, and the middlings are
discharged through a suitable spout arranged in the bottom of the case
at the tail end of the wheel.
i
In Figure 4 the air is let'in at two points at the right and left side of
the bottom of the case through openings f, f¹; the opening fat the left
side is formed by hinging a segment e² of the case, as shewn, the lower
edge of which can be adjusted out and in, so as to leave any desired
width of inlet for tlie air. The opening f' consists of a longitudinal
slot, the size of which is regulated by an adjustable hinged flap e. The

page_text: wheels revolve in the direction indicated by the central arrow 1. The
middlings discharged through the openings upon the buckets, as
above described, are carried upward by the buckets as they rise, and as
the buckets change their inclination the material begins to slide there-
from, as indicated in Figure 4, when it is subjected to the action of the
upward air current which carries the impurities to the fan, while the
heavier particles or middlings descend and fall upon the succeeding
buckets, as herein-before described. The opening f¹ is designed to
admit a sufficient amount of air to prevent the formation of any eddy
on the descending side of the wheel, and to carry upward any impurities
which may have fallen out of the main air current. The flanges g¹ of
the buckets should snugly fit the case at the point t, where it may be
lined with sheepskin or other material to insure a tight fit, and prevent
the passage of the air outside of the buckets to the fan. By making the
flanges to travel in contact or nearly so with the bottom of the case
the buckets will operate as scoops to take up any material that shall from
any cause accumulate on the bottom of the case.
Instead of constructing and arranging the buckets to discharge their
contents from one to the other, they may be constructed to discharge
between the buckets and into the bottom of the case. Such a construction
and arrangement of the said buckets is shewn in Figure 9. The material
is discharged into the case from the buckets as they ascend at a higher
point than in Figure 4, or near the upper portion of the wheel, and is
subjected to the action of the air current during the whole of its descent.
to the bottom of the case, where the curved buckets scoop up and again
elevate the material for a repetition of the process. By this construction
different grades of middlings can be purified and discharged separately.
in the same machine, one grade being fed in at the head of the machine,
and discharged from the case through a spout near the centre thereof,
while another grade fed in through a spout from the top of the
machine near the centre can be purified in the tail or lower half of the
wheel, and be discharged through the spout .
With the arrangement of buckets shown in Figure 9 is employed a
dividing or disintegrating cylinder, formed preferably of longitudinal
wires or rods y passing through and secured in rings y attached to the
radial arms of the whcel inside of the buckets. The material as it is
discharged from the said buckets falls upon the periphery of this inner-
cylinder which operates to divide or break up the material as it falls:

page_text: through the same, and also slightly to retard the descent thereof without
obstructing the passage of the air, whereby the separation of the
impurities is facilitated.
When the buckets are attached to heads instead of radial arms, the
wires y can be secured between these heads instead of in the rings y¹.
Coarse wire cloth or other suitable devices that will break up and
divide the falling mass of material may be used instead of the rods y.
In Figures 12, 13, 14, and 15 M is the frame and casing of the
machine; N is the bolting reel mounted in a slightly inclined position
in this casing in which it fits, so as to leave but a narrow space between
the reel and the casing on each side. The reel N is formed of rectangular
frames N covered with bolting cloth, the ends or cross sections of which
may be either straight, curved, or angular, as shewn in Figures 12, 14,
and 15.
The bolting cloth may be of uniform texture, or it may be secured
to the framing in pieces having a different texture, increasing in fineness
from the tail to the head of the bolt in the usual manner.
These frames or segments are hinged at one edge by means of pivots,
which connect the corners at their ends with the head and tail pieces M²
and M³ respectively, and form a flap valve with the free edge of each
underlapping the hinged edge of the adjacent frame. The free ends of
these frames are allowed to swing inward until arrested by the stops of
the head piece M², which is formed with shoulders that conform to the
position of the segments when swung inward or open. This head piece
is secured to the reel shaft n by rods or spokes n¹. The tail piece M³ is
of circular outline, and is secured by rods or spokes in any suitable
manner to a frusto-conical deflector M* secured to the reel shaft at its
tail end, with its smaller end extending into the central opening so as to
partially close the same, but leaving an annular outlet in front of which
project the edges of the deflector M*, for a purpose presently to be
explained. The ends of the segmental frames N¹ are connected to the
head and tail pieces by cloth, to prevent the escape of the material at
these places. The top of the casing at o connects with the wind trunk O,
which communicates with the eye of the fan so as to form an exhaust
chamber P within the casing. p, p, are wing boards above the reel,
hinged to the casing at their lower edges so that their upper and free

page_text: t
edges are inclined toward the centre ando air outlet o. The inclination
of these boards is adjusted, and the openings between their adjacent
edges are regulated by hand levers p¹ attached to the boards, and
extending to the outside of the casing. Q is a hopper formed in the
chamber P below the reel, and discharging into a trough 2 provided with
a conveyer q. r,, are openings or valves through which air is admitted
into the exhaust chamber below the reel, and by which the force of the
draught can be regulated.
The unpurified middlings arc fed into the reel at the head thereof,
through a spout in any suitable manner.
The opening at the tail of the bolt may also be connected in any
suitable manner with the wind trunk that leads to the eye of the fan.
J
The machine being set in motion an exhaust current is induced
upward through and around the reel post. As the latter revolves in the
direction of the central arrow the free edges of the segmental frames
that are below the horizontal line s, s, fall outward by gravity and rest
against the hinged edges of the adjoining frame so as to form a close
casing around the lower half of the reel, as shown in Figure 12. When
carried by the revolution of the reel above this horizontal line the frames
fall inward and rest upon the stops formed by the heads of the bolts and
deflector M so as to leave an open space between the adjacent edges of
the frames extending longitudinally with regard to the bolt, through
which particles of bran and other light impurities within the bolt aro
carried, the same rising with the air current induced by the fan and
being permitted freely to escape, and being conducted through the wind
trunk to the fan.
The good middlings are sifted through the meshes of the wire cloth in
the lower and closed portion of the bolt, whence they fall through the
hopper into the trough q, from which they are discharged by the
conveyer in a well known manner at one end or through several openings
when the different grades of material are required to be kept separate.
As the reel revolves and brings the segments below the lines, s, the free
edge of the segments swing outward against the fixed edges of the
adjacent ones, thereby producing a concussion which jars and clears the
wire cloth in a most efficient manner of the material which has lodged
in its meshes or adhered thereto.
If desired a strip of cloth attached to a pendulous frame v¹, as shown

page_text: in Figure 12, to sweep in contact with the outer surface of the bolt may
also be employed for the purpose. The free edges of the hinged segments
are bevelled, as shown at m, so that the material will more readily fall
from one segment to the other and be more effectually kept from
escaping between the segments as the reel revolves. The cam-shaped
shield M* operates to cause the heavier impurities that have not escaped.
at the top of the reel to pass around the edges of the shield before they
can escape through the annular outlet at the tail of the reel, whereby
any granules of good middlings that may be carried along with the air
current are arrested and deflected upon the wire bolting cloth. The
inclined wing boards p serve to deflect the impurities as they rise towards
the discharge aperture and thus facilitate their escape, while they may
also be employed to regulate the force of the draft.
While it is preferable that the segments should operate by gravity, as
herein-before described, yet the said segments can be kept open or
closed as desired, by means of springs and other mechanism actuated.
from the outer end of the reel shaft.
:
In Figures 16, 17, 18, R is a slightly inclined reel bolt having graded
cloths increasing in size of mesh from the head to the tail in the usual
manner. t is the bolt shaft which has its bearings in the casing T, the
latter is constructed with double walls t², t. S is a fan blower com-.
municating with the space between the walls t², to, by which the air.
under sufficient pressure is supplied to the machine. The inner wall of
the casing is provided with a number of openings or perforations & dis-
tributed around the bolt and provided with slides or valves by which
these openings can be partially or entirely closed, and through which
the air can be admitted into the bolt from any point around its peri-
phery, and the force thereof may be regulated as required. The outer
head of the casing T is closed except at the point of entrance of the
spout through which the material is fed into the bolt while the tail
end of the casing is provided with a suitable opening for the escape of
the air and impurities. U is the diaphragm formed of or covered with
cloth of fine texture and secured on the shaft t so as to revolve with it;
the diameter of the diaphragm being less than that of the bolt and
leaving an annular space u between its edge and the periphery of the
bolt. A number of these diaphragms arranged at suitable distances
apart may be employed if desired. V is a brush suspended from the
recl shaft on which it loosely fits, and made of sufficient weight to
t5

page_text: remain stationary while the shaft revolves. The inclination of the reel
shaft tends to keep the brush tightly in contact with the diaphragm U,
while a hook 'secured to the lower end of the brush and bearing
against the opposite face of the diaphragm also serves to retain it in
place. W is one of a series of brushes whose manner of suspension
from the reel shaft is similar to that of the aforesaid brush V, but the
brushes W are arranged to bear against the inner surface of the bolt
cloth and sweep and clear the same as the bolt revolves. One of these
bushes W is designed to be used with each division of the graded cloth
of the bolt. The bottom of the bolting cloth is reduced to the form of
a trough and provided with partitions u² which form separate compart-
ments corresponding with the different sections of the bolt cloth. A
conveyer of suitable construction is arranged in the bottom of these
compartments for discharging the middlings in the various compart-
ments through spouts us leading therefrom. The unpurified middlings
enter the spout t³ at the head of the bolt and fall by their gravity to the
bottom and lower part of the reel. The valves around the lower part of
the reel being opened the blasts of air are directed upward through the
meshes of the bolting cloth and the contents agitated thereby. The
fibrous matter and other impurities being lighter than the granules are
raised by the blast to the centre and pass along the upper part of the
reel to the tail end, where they are discharged with the air through the
outlet to, while by the revolution of the reel the granules are sifted and
graded through it into as many grades as there are divisions of bolting cloth.
Any light particles of middlings of scarcely less gravity than the im-
purities if raised with them by the intensity of the blast are arrested by
the diaphragm U and deflected upon the bolting cloth while the
impurities pass through and around the diaphragm toward the outlet at
the tail of the machine. The air being admitted into the bolt on its
under side co-operates with the same in a most efficient manner in
separating the impurities from the middlings.
Having thus fully described the said Invention, as communicated
by my foreign correspondents, and shown how the same may be con-
veniently and advantageously carried into practice, I wish it understood
I claim,-
First. The combination of the brush B and concave piece 6 with an
exhaust chamber, across which the middlings are thrown by the brush,
as herein set forth and for the purposes specified.

page_text: Second. The combination and arrangement in an exhaust chamber,
and with the beater and concave picce B, b, of the beater and concave
piece D, d, as herein set forth and for the purpose specified.
Third. The combination with an exhaust case or chamber of an
clevating wheel, whereby the material to be purified is elevated by the
buckets of the latter and then allowed to descend through a current of
air which separates and removes the impurities, as herein set forth.
Fourth. The combination with the exhaust case of the elevating
wheel provided with buckets which scoop up and elevate the material
that falls or accumulates in the bottom of the case, as herein set forth.
Fifth. The combination with the exhaust case and elevating wheel of
the discntegrator y, y', as hercin set forth.
Sixth. The combination with the revolving head H provided with
inclined openings of the feed chamber I and slant boards or buckets k¹,
as herein set forth and for the purpose herein-before specified.
Seventh. The combination with the exhaust case provided with two
feed apertures, one at the head and one near the centre of the case, and
discharging the purified middlings at or near the centre and at the tail
end of an elevating wheel provided with buckets that will permit the
feeding of the material at the centre for purifying two grades of
middlings at the same time, as herein sct forth.
Eighth. A reel bolt composed of hinged segments, which open and
close and thereby form apertures at the top of the reel for the escape of
the impurities as the said recl revolves, as herein set forth.
Ninth. The combination with an exhaust chamber communicating
at the top with the eye of the fan of the hinged segmental reel N, N¹, as
herein set forth and for the purpose specified.
Tenth. The combination with the tail end of the reel and the outlet
formed therein, of the shield and deflector M', as herein set forth and
for the purpose specified.
having double walls
inner walls provided
Eleventh. A reel bolt arranged within a casing
forming an air chamber between them with the
with openings arranged around the reel for directing air into it, as lierein
set forth and for the purpose specified.

page_text: Twelfth. The arrangement within a reel bolt having an air current
through the same of the diaphragm U of smaller diameter than the bolt,
as herein set forth and for the purpose specified.
Thirteenth. The combination with a reel bolt and the diaphragm U of
a clearing brush V loosely suspended from the shaft to sweep the face of
the diaphragm, as herein set forth.
Fourteenth. The combination with a reel bolt of a clearing brush W
loosely suspended from the reel shaft to sweep the cloth of the bolt, as
herein set forth.
°
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have here- 1
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
Witness,
H. J. NOONE.
W. ROB. LAKE. (L.S.)