IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING OR FREDING WATER TO STEAM-BOILERS AND OTHER VESSELS."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Sam Hallam and James Whaley Shepherd, both of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING OR FREDING WATER TO
STEAM-BOILERS AND OTHER VESSELS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Sam Hallam and James
Whaley Shepherd at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
18th October 1881.
SAM HALLAM and JAMES WHALEY SHEPHERD, both of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING OR
FEEDING WATER TO STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER VESSKLA.”
Our said Invention relates to the steam injectors usually employed to force water
into boilers under pressure. By means of our improved injector we are enabled
to employ either the direct steam pressure of the boiler itself, or when the engine
is working we may utilize the exhaust steam with the further result of improving
the vnecum in the cylinder. The apparatus constituting our Invention is provided
at its interior with a double injecting nozzle. The inner nozzle forms the passage
through which the direct boiler pressure is led, and the area of delivery orifice is
regulated by raising or lowering a central tapered spindle valve in the usual
manner. The secondary and outer nozzle preferably placed slightly above the
aforesaid inner nozzle, which it surrounds so as to form an annular outlet placed in
communication with a branch on the side of the apparatus and leading to the exhaust
pipe. The water inlet may occupy the usual relative position to the nozzle. To
increase or diminish at will the annular space through which the water is induced
by the steam issuing from the nozzles, we construct the opposite delivery passage
as a piston capable of being moved towards or from the said nozzles by the action
of an excentric and spindle manipulated from the outside by a hand-wheel, so that
the delivery of water may be regulated on a moment's notice and in obedience to
the varying conditions which may accompany the working of the engine or increase
or decrease of boiler pressure. In some cases we may connect the said spindle

page_text: and excentric with the governor or other moving part of the engine, so as auto-
matically to regulate the supply of water, or we may cause it to be governed by
the variations of pressure in the boiler. The usual overflow valve is provided.
When the engine is at rest and the injector is feeding by boiler pressure alone the
exhaust passage is closed by a sluice rack or other valve and the central tapered
spindle is raised sufficiently to allow passage for the steam. When the engine is
working and it is desired to use exhaust steam alone the central nozzle is closed
and the exhaust passage placed in communication with the secondary nozzle.
Under certain conditions however we might work the injector by admitting both
boiler pressure and exhaust steam at the same time, so as to allow the former to
assist the latter.
Our improvements in boiler feeders relate further to a combination of the injector
with the ejector, so as to obtain an improved vaccum and to increase the water lifting
power of such feeders. The upper part of the apparatus receives a supply of steam,
which flowing through an annular or other shaped opening and passing through a
contracted passage produces a partial or complete vaccum at the lower part thereof,
which lifts the water and delivers it to the injector proper, which may be constructed
as a continuation of the superposed apparatus, or may be placed side by side with
it. A valve is arranged to supply steam both to the first and to the second half of
the arrangement herein indicated.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Sam Hallam and James Whaley Shepherd in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 18th April 1882.
SAM HALLAM and JAMES WHALEY SHEPHERD, both of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineers. “IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING OR
FEEDING WATER TO STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER VESSELS."
Our Invention relates to the steam injectors usually employed to force water
into boilers under pressure. By means of our improved injector we are enabled to
employ either the direct steam pressure of the boiler itself, or when the engine is
working we may utilise the exhaust steam with the further result of reducing
back pressure or producing a partial vacuum in the engine cylinder. The apparatus
constituting our Invention is provided with a double injecting nozzle. The inner
nozzle forms the passage through which the direct boiler pressure is led, and the
area of the delivery orifice is regulated by raising or lowering a central tapered
spindle valve in the usual manner. The secondary and outer nozzle is preferably
placed slightly above the aforesaid inner nozzle, which it surrounds so as to form
an annular outlet placed in communication with a branch on the side of the
apparatus and leading to the exhaust pipe. The water inlet may occupy the usual
position relative to the nozzle. To increase or diminish at will the annular space
through which the water is induced by the steam issuing from the nozzles, we
construct the receiving cone as a piston capable of being moved towards or from
the said nozzles by the action of an excentric and spindle manipulated from the
outside by a handwheel, so that the delivery of water may be regulated at a
moment's notice, and in obedience to the varying conditions which may accompany
the working of the engine or increase or decrease of boiler pressure. In some cases
we may connect the said spindle and excentric with the governor or other moving
part of the engine, so as automatically to regulate the supply of water, or we may
cause it to be governed by the variations of pressure in the boiler.
Our improvements in boiler feeders relate in the second place to an Invention
for which Letters Patent, Number 4803 of the year 1878, were granted to one of
us, the said Sam Hallam, and have for their object to improve the action of the
apparatus.
In order that our Invention may be fully understood we have attached hereto a
Sheet of Drawings to which we will refer in this place. Fig. 1 drawn about half
the full linear dimension, is a sectional view of an injector constructed in accordance
with the first part of our Invention, Fig. 2 being a plan view of the same.
In the
said Figure a is the said innar nozzle, and 6 is the said onter nozzle; o is the inlet
for a live steam; " d is the inlet for " exhaust steam;" and is the inlet for water.
The inner nozzle is provided with an ordinary regulating spindle. The receiving
cone g is fitted to alide like a piston in a cylindrically bored chamber formed in
the injector body and is acted upon by means of an excentric h, which is seen in
Fig. 8, which represents a cross section on the line A in Fig. 1. The said excentrie
can be turned by means of a hand-wheel 4, so as to adjust the position of the inlet
mouth of the receiving cone nearer to or further from the nozzles. The dotted
lines & indicate a lever, which we may substitute for the wheel. We propose in
some cases to connect such a lever with the governor or with the engine, or with
an apparatus which is acted upon by the varying boiler pressure or by the
variations in the level of water within the boiler, so as to effect an automatic
regulation of the supply of water to the boiler. The injector is provided with an
ordinary overflow valve & When the engine is at rest, and the injector in
consequence can only receive live steam direct from the boiler, the exhaust passage
is closed by means of a sluice valve or of a suitable valve not shown in the
Drawings, and the spindle f is raised or drawn out by means of the ordinary hand-
wheel m, so as to admit steam to the inner nozzle a, and the apparatus then acts
as an injector of an ordinary type. When the engine is working and it is desirable

page_text: to make use of exhaust steam alone the spindle fis screwed home so as to shut off
the supply of live steam, and the valve is opened to admit the exhaust steam to
the nozzle b. In some cases, as, for example, at times when the exhaust steam
alone is not capable of injecting a sufficient supply of water, the regulating spindle
may be turned to admit a suitable supply of live steam to assist the exhaust steam.
Figs. 4 and 5 are illustrative of the second part of our Invention. In Fig. 4 a¹ is
the first steam nozzle which receives steam from the valve n through the passage o,
and e' is the inlet for water. The valve n also communicates with a second steam
passage p, which leads into a space which surrounds the lower end of the receiving
cone g¹. The valve can be rotated so as to supply steam to either or both of the
passages o and p or to shut off the supply to both passages. When both passages
are open the water issuing from the cone g¹ receives an additional impulse from
the steam flowing through the passage p, and is injected through the delivery
cone 7 into the second receiving cone 8. Between the two cones is a small chamber
or enlargement of the passage t, which we term a condensing chamber, which is
provided with an overflow passage, which can be closed by means of the cock or
valve-u. The said cock is opened preparatory to the starting of the injector, and
can be closed when the injector has commenced to work properly. Water over-
flowing between the first delivery and receiving cones escapes through an ordinary
overflow valve U. This form of injector is very suitable for feeding with hot
water. A modification is illustrated by Fig. 5. In this example the valve n is
formed with a recess v..When the valve is turned to start the injector the
passages o and p are uncovered to supply steam to give the two impulses as in
the first example. The same movement of the valve causes the recess to connect
the overflow passage w with a passage x, which leads into the space al surrounding
the lower delivery and receiving cones, and which space also receives the overflow
from the lower delivery cone. The said space communicates with an overflow
valve น which is thus made to serve for the two overflows.
Having now fully set forth and indicated the nature of our said Invention, and
the manner in which we carry the same into practical effect, we would have it to
be understood in conclusion that we claim,
First. The injectors, constructed as set forth and indicated hereinbefore, and in
and by the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The combination of parts forming a complete injector, substantially
as set forth and indicated with reference to Figs. 1 to 3 of the Drawings.
Thirdly. The injector arranged to be worked with live steam or with exhaust
steam, or with both, as may be desirable, substantially as set forth and indicated.
And, Lastly. Connecting the movable receiving cone with an apparatus which
will effect the automatic adjustment of the said receiving cone, substantially as set
forth and indicated.
:
In witness whereof, we, the said Sam Hallam and James Whaley Shepherd,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Seventeenth day of April, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty-two.
Signed, sealed, and delivered
in the presence of
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
41, John Dalton St.,
Manchester,
(Agent for the Patentees).
SAM HALLAM.
(L.&.)
J. W. SHEPHERD. (L.S.)
t