Improvements in the Manufacture of Coke, Charcoal, and the like, and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1899

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Coke, Charcoal, and the like,
and in Apparatus therefor.
Ì, ADOLPH SCHENK, Ph. D., of 4, Hauptmann Strasse, Bergedorf, near Ham-
burg, in the German Empire, Analytical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and figures marked
thereon, that is to say:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of coke, charcoal, carbonized peat,
and other carbonaceous materials, and it has for its object to increase the solidity
and density of such materials whether prepared in a loose state, or when shaped
or moulded.
In the production of coke, charcoal, and the like, the resulting product very
often does not prove resistant enough for certain purposes. Thus, for instance,
the coke produced in Upper Silesia is, on account of its want or solidity, of much
less value than Westphalian coke.
According to my invention, and in order to increase the solidity and density
of these products without rendering them impure by admixture with foreign
matters, I cause gases or vapours containing carbon to pass, without admission
of air, through the glowing mass before the coking process is completed.
These
Instead of gases, however, substances may be introduced at the proper moment
which are capable of generating gases or vapours containing carbon.
gases or vapours are decomposed by the glowing heat and deposit solid carbon
which coats and permeates the material to be treated, in such a manner that its
solidity and density are considerably increased.
The improved process may be carried out in various ways, but the illustra-
tions given in the accompanying drawings refer primarily to the working of coke
. ovens.
EXAMPLE I.
The coke oven, or the like, shewn in vertical séction in Figure 1, contains
degasified glowing material in the space 1, whilst the chamber 2, can be charged
at a suitable moment, with material capable of generating gases or vapours con-
taining carbon.
In case of coke being treated or produced, chamber 2 is preferably charged
with fresh coal, tar, or similar substances, the gases of which pass through aper-
tures made for the purpose in the arch of the oven, from the chamber 2 into
the space 1, where, on penetrating the glowing coke, or the like, they decompose
and deposit solid carbon partly upon and partly within the material to be treated.
EXAMPLE 2.
This process may also be performed in such a manner that the coking coal or

page_text: Figure 2, and discharged at the other end of this chamber. The gases arising
from the last part of the charge are, in this case, compelled to traverse the whole
chamber before reaching the outlet 5 at its other end.
The material already degasified being subjected to an intense heat is thus pene-
trated by the gases containing carbon, whereby they are decomposed and deposit
solid carbon, which latter partly coats and partly permeates the material to be
treated.
EXAMPLE 3.
The coke oven, or other like furnace, 6, shewn in longitudinal section, in
Figure 3, has had its contents, which are at a white heat, already degasified. By
means of a channel or pipe 8 it is connected with a second chamber 7 which has
been freshly charged, and the contents of which are just entering the degasifying
stage. Thus the gases generated in chamber 7 will be compelled to pass through
the glowing contents of chamber 6 in order to reach the outlet 9, and whilst
doing so solid carbon will be deposited which partly coats and partly permeates
the material contained in the said chamber 6.
EXAMPLE 4.
Into the chamber or space 10, see Figure 4, in which the degasified material
is subjected to an intense glowing heat, gases or vapours, or tar, oil, and the
like, containing carbon, are caused to enter at 11. These gases pass through
the material contained in chamber 10 and solid carbon is deposited, which either
coats or permeates the said material. The gases escape at 12.
The apparatus and the processes above described render it not only possible
to increase the value of the material or substances treated in the manner set
forth, for use as fuel, but also as regards their condition in the raw or crude
state when used as carbons or pencils for electrical purposes, or for electro-
chemical processes and the like.
By the use of the apparatus and processes just described, it is also possible to
increase the resisting power and density of articles of carbon in an already
finished condition.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
1 claim is:-
1. The process for increasing the solidity and density of coke, charcoal, and
the like, which consists in charging the ovens or furnaces, in which the coking
material is brought to the necessary temperature, with gases or vapours con-
taining carbon, without admission of air, or with substances which are capable
of generating gases or vapours containing carbon, substantially as set forth with
reference to the foregoing examples.
2. The various forms of apparatus for carrying out the process set forth in the
preceding Claim, substantially as described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 20th dow
2
1000
Dated this 20th day
1000
1000.
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent
78, Fleet Street, London, and 5A, Market Street, Nottingham,
Agent for the Applicant.