Improvements in Machines for Slotting or Bifurcating Rivets, Chiefly Designed to Adapt the same for Use in the Manufacture of Overshoes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Apr., 1888
Specification Accepted, 29th June, 1888
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Slotting or Bifurcating Rivets, Chiefly
Designed to Adapt the same for Use in the Manufacture of
Overshoes.
I, JACOB JOHN UNBEHEND, of the City of Syracuse, County of Onondaga, and
State of New York, United States of America, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement
-
My invention has for its object the production of a machine in which rivet blanks of
metal may be inserted and automatically fed consecutively into a holding device in
which the said blanks are securely held while being bifurcated or slotted and their
clinching prongs pointed simultaneously with great speed and uniformity of operation..
the idea being to produce a machine for the manufacture from blanks, rivets for inser-
tion in the heel or toe or stay of the arctic or like overshoe, and the invention consists
wholly in providing such a construction of the parts as will adapt the machine for
manufacturing from the metal blanks, the finished rivet for the above purpose.
The invention also consists in the detail construction and arrangement of the parts
as hereinafter fully described.
In describing my invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in
which like letters, indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 is a plan of my improved rivet slotting or milling machine illustrating the
general arrangement and construction of the parts.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the machine taken from the rear of the feeding gauge,
illustrating the relative arrangement of the parts, and the stripping device which removes
the finished rivets from the blank holding carrier and receives them in a tray, which
conducts the rivets to a receptacle.
Figure 3 is an end view partly in section illustrating. more particularly the form of
the feeding gauge, and means for automatically regulating the feed of the rivet shanks
to the rotating blank holder, and also the arrangement of the cutters for slotting the
shanks of the rivets, and the gears for transmitting motion to the cutters.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of one half of the machine, it being understood that in
the example of my invention herein illustrated a double or duplex machine is shown,

page_text: and the said view illustrates the front side, or side looking toward the feed of the
machine the portion of the frame in proximity to the rotating blank holder
and the cutters being broken away for the purpose of illustrating the form of the
cutters.
Figure 5 is an end view of the feeding gauge illustrating the channels or ways therein
for the metal blanks to slide down to the blank holder or carrier.
Figure 6 is a detached view of the feeding gauge showing the means for automatically
feeding the rivet blanks successively to the blank holder or carrier, the said view showing
an edge view of the feeding gauge.
Figure 7 is a top plan view shown in Figure 6.
Figure 8 is a section taken on line a, a Figure 4 from below showing the actuating
worm and the shafts for actuating the cutters.
Figure 9 shows a detached edge view of the feeding gauge.
Figure 10 shows a transverse section of the same, clearly illustrating the shape of
the channel in which the rivets slide to the blank holder, and
Figure 11 is a front view of Figure 9.
A represents the feeding guage, and is provided with ways a, a, extending from its
upper end to that portion of the gauge A where the periphery of the blank holder B
becomes coincident to the top portion of the spring portion A¹ of the feeding gauge,
and the lower extremity of the feeding guage A terminates in the angular flange
piece A resting on the frame M where it is secured in any suitable manner.
The ways a, a are of an inverted T-shape in cross section to form a channel for the
rivet blanks to slide in upon their heads, the shank portion of the blanks being
uppermost.
The feeding gauge A may have several rows or series of the channels a, a, according
to whether the machine is single or multiplex in character and according also to the width
of the blank holder or carrier which will now be explained.
B represents the blank holder which is circular in shape and mounted on a shaft I'
Figure 3, which runs in the bearings 1' Figures 1 and 2.
The periphery of the blank holder or carrier is provided with rows of circular
indentations a¹ of sufficient size to receive the heads of the rivet blanks S, and these
indentations extend circumferentially around the blank holder B. The number of
rows or series correspond to the number of channels a, a, formed in the feeding
gauge A and the rows of circular indentations or recesses a being arranged coinci-
dental with the exits of the channels a, a in the feeding gauge A, and the combined
operation of the feeding gauge A and blank holder or carrier B is to receive and hold
the head of the rivet blank, and to carry the same to the cutters.
D is a curvilinear slotted guide which conforms to the curve of the rotating blank
holder or carrier, and is substantially coincident with the periphery thereof as is best
illustrated in Figure 3, and this guide is provided to securely hold the shank of the
rivet blank against lateral displacement during the cutting operation, and the curvilinear
guide and the rotating blank holder form together a two part blank holder for
confining or chucking the shank of the blank against lateral displacement while the
blank is being fed to the cutter, and the cut in the slotting operation is accurately
defined by locating the cutting tool relatively to the guide and blank holder
so that
the cut of the central or elongated saw hereinafter described, comes directly in the
middle of the shank of the rivet blank while the side cutters form the cliisel points on
the extremity of the clinching prongs of the rivet.
The cutters C, Figure 3, are located below the feeding gauge as best shown in
Figure 3 on the front side of the machine, and consist of metal cutting saws mounted
upon the sanie arbor side by side, the two outside saws being denoted by c, c and are
of the same diameter, while the middle saw c is of greater diameter and slightly
different in contour of its cutting edge, the side saws being bevelled or chisel pointed,
while the middle saw e' is blunt pointed and tapering gradually to its extremity.
The object in employing three cutting saws is to simultaneously slot the blank S, and
point the clinching prongs.

page_text: In order to make a clean cut rivet and to remove the burr left by the cutters C, I
provide a second set of cutters C located back of the cutters C and rotating in the
same direction as the cutters C. These rotating cutters consist of the bifurcated set
exactly like the cutters C except as to the direction of either, and they serve to finish
the cut and remove the burr left by the first cutters, and their operation will be readily
understood upon reference to the drawings.
I do not however restrict my invention to the employment of two sets of cutters as
described above, rotating reversely in relation to each other, nor do 1 restrict my
invention to the employment of cutters having three cutting devices as previously
described, since any suitable arrangement of cutters that will co-operate in connection
with the blank holder or carrier B and the curvilinear guide to accomplish the desired
result i.e. the slotting of the rivet, will answer the purpose, and the cutters may be
arranged to rotate in the same direction to accomplish this purpose, and one set of
the said cutters, to wit, the forward set may consist of single cutters like the enlarged
central cutter c¹, which simply mills out a straight slot in the rivet blank, while the
three metal cutting saws --e located back of the first set or single cutters
serves to complete the operation and simultaneously point the rivets as previously
described.
F is the device for removing the finished riyets from the blank holder after the
slotting and cutting operation is completed, without stopping the machine. The device
consists of a body portion F secured upon the arms or extensions n, n of the uprights m, m
of the frame M, and is provided with the projecting piece Fi formed of spring metal
bearing against the periphery of the blank holder or carrier B.
Immediately below the stripper F is an opening in the part F for the rivets to fall
through, and they drop into a tray or trough T Figure 2 and thenco into a receptacle
provided to receive them.
It will be observed that the stripping device F is of sufficient length to extend
across the periphery of the blank holder-or-carrier B, and the opening below the
device is sufficiently large to allow the finished rivets to freely drop into the trough
or tray T.
In order to secure an automatic and consecutive feed for the machine, 1 provide
in the ways or channels a, a, of the feeding gauge A, pivoted levers E, pivoted at e
Figures 6 and 7.
E is a post secured on the feeding gauge A to support the springe and the
opposite end of the said spring e is secured to the post of the pivoted lever E, to
feed the blanks successively to the blank holder or carrier B, and I provide the spring
portion A of the feed gauge A directly below the pivoted lever E to aid the blank in
engaging the indentations in the rotating blank holder.
The blank holder or carrier B is rotated on the arbor I2 which is mounted in the
bearings I, I, as previously stated, and the blank holder is actuated by means of
the worm gear wheel 1, and the worm J, as best shown in the sectional view Figure 4.
The worm J, passes transversely through the main frame M of the machine in a
U-shaped bearing O, formed between the vertical extensions m, n, of the frame M, as
best shown in Figure 2, and the worm shaft h is actuated by a belt on the driving
pulley H.
The cutters are actuated by belts on the pulleys G and the gears 9, 9, 9, the cutters
being sustained on the arbors Figures 2 and 3. I do not restrict myself to
the detail construction of the actuating means whereby the operating device in
manufacturing rivets are actuated, as such actuating means may be readily changed
without departing from the principle of my invention.
The operation of my improved rivet machine is as follows:
The blanks are slipped in the ways or channels a, a, of the feeding gauge A head
down and slide to the gate formed by the pivoted lever E, and its projecting
extensions e³, et from which they drop by gravity into the circular indentations or
recesses formed in the periphery of the rotating blank holder or carrier, in which they
are forced past the gate or lever E and are carried by the blank holder or chucking

page_text: device composed of the combined two part blank holder and curvilinear guide, where
they are securely held and fed forward during the cutting operation to the reversely
rotating cutters, after which they collide with the stripper F1 which removes the
finished rivets from the blank holder B, from which they drop into the trough or
tray T, and into the receptacle provided to receive them.
The speed of the machine depends upon the rapidity of the feed and the speed with
which it is driven, which of course is dependent upon the character of the material of
the blanks. The movement or direction of movement of the gears and intermediaries
as well as of the blank holder and cutters is indicated by the arrows in Figure
and the machine is compact, simple in construction and very rapid in operation.
It will be observed that I have illustrated a double machine in the above described
example of my invention; since two sets of feeding gauges and blank holders can be
actuated from the same pulley H, it is only necessary to double the cutters and
pulleys to operate a duplex machine, hence it is economical to construct the
imachine as illustrated, although single machines will operate with great efficiency and
rapidity.
By my invention rivets can be manufactured with great accuracy and uniformity,
and finished without additional operations to complete the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
First. A rivet slotting machine comprising a feeding gauge having ways for the
rivet blanks, a blank holder having indentations or recesses in its periphery to hold
the heads of the rivets blanks, a curvilinear slotted guide underneath the blank holder
and co-incident there with to hold the stem of the rivet against lateral displacement
while being operated on by the cutters, and cutters projecting into the slot of the
guide, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Second. The combination of the automatic successive feeding gauge with the
rotating blank holder having circular indentations in its periphery to receive the
heads of the blanks, a curvilinear slotted guide to hold the stem of the rivet against
lateral displacement during the cutting operation for milling out the shanks of the
rivets and supplemental cutters for finishing and pointing the rivets simultaneously,
substantially as, and for the purpose set forth.
Third. The combination of the rotating blank holder having circular indentations
to receive and carry the blanks, a slotted curvilinear guide to hold the rivet shank
against lateral displacement during the cutting operation, and a cutting device having
three cutting surfaces arranged side by side, the middle cutting surface extending
'below the side cutting surfaces, whereby a rivet is slotted and its clenching points are
cut to a chisel shaped point simultaneously in the one operation, substantially as, and
for the purpose set forth.
Fourth. The combination of the rotating blank holder having circular indentations
to receive and carry the blanks, a slotted curvilinear guide to hold the rivet shank
against lateral displacement during the cutting operation, and two sets of reversely
rotating cutters each composed of three cutters arranged side by side upon an arbor
with the central cutter longer than the side cutters and shaped to slot the rivet while
the side cutters shape the outer sides of the clinching prongs to a chisel point
simultaneously and in the one operation substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Fifth. The combination of the rotating blank holder or carrier B, having series of
circular indentations or recesses a¹, in its periphery, and a curvilinear guide D located
underneath the blank holder and co-incident therewith having a slot d for each row of
indentations a¹, in the blank holder B, and cutters C, C', located centrally in the slot d,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Sixth. The combination of the rotating blank holder B with the trough T, and the
stripping device F1 having an opening for the rivets to drop through into the:
trough T; substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

page_text: Seventh. The cutters C consisting of the saws c, c, c¹, mounted on al common
arbor, the side saws c, e being shaped to cut a chisel point on the clinching prongs of
the rivets S, and the central saw shaped to bifurcate the rivet, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth.
Eighth. The combination of the main frame M. having vertical extensions m, m,
U shaped bearing O for the worm J, and side extensions n, n to support the stripping
device F and the trough T, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 17th day of April 1888.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.