Bag Machines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 14th Sept., 1895
Bag Machines.
I WILLIAM HUMPHREY WHEATLEY of the Firm of Wheatley and Mackenzie,
Engineers and Patent Agents of 40 Chancery Lane, in the County of London,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The immediate object of this invention is to produce a machine for automatically
forming (from previously cut cloth blanks) smail bags of the class commonly used
for marketing smoking tobacco and with this object in view, I have provided
various mechanisms for feeding, pasting, folding stringing, turning and delivering
said blanks which mechanisms, acting in harmony in a single organization, will
produce cheaply and rapidly bags of the class referred to.
To more clearly explain my said invention I have annexed hereto several sheets
of drawings in which
Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved bag machine and Figure 2 is a plan
view of the same.
Figure 3 is a plan view of certain cams, levers, shafts &c., located below
linex of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is an elevation of the cams, levers &c., that move the pasting devices
and the upper plunger or follower, the front machine frame being removed to
expose said parts to view and Figure 5 is a similar view showing particularly the
cams and levers that control the vertical movements of the main plunger, on
which the bags are formed and also illustrating the paster lever in its highest
position.
Figure 6 is a detached view of the cam and lever that control the vertical
movements of the upper or follower plunger and Figure 7 is a similar view of the
cams and one of the levers that control the vertical movements of the lower or
main plunger.
Figure 8 is a detail view of the lower end of the main plunger rod from the side
opposite to that of Figure 7, showing particularly the means for connecting the said
plunger rod with its operating lever. It may be explained here that the main
plunger rod (hereinafter designated as 64) has mounted thereon a longitudinally
movable tube 65 and both the plunger rod and said tube are provided with
dependently operating levers and cams; the levers and cams being arranged side
by side and the cams being so nearly alike that the levers move in unison throughout
the greater part of their movement, as fully explained hereinafter.
In Figures 4, 5 and 7 said levers are shown as moving together while in
Figme 9 the lever that controls the movements of the main plunger is shown as
somewhat above the companion lever.
In Figure 10 I have shown in dotted lines a portion of the machine frame
having hinged thereto a lever that controls the stringing mechanism and also a
cam by means of which said lever is moved at stated times.
Figure 11 is a side view of the pasting devices and of the carriage by means of
which the cloth blanks are carried into the machine and properly located over the

page_text: plunger on which they are to be formed into bags. Figure 12 is a plan view of
said carriage and Figure 13 a cross sectional view of the same.
Figures 14 and 15 are sectional views of a portion of the machine bed or table
and of a portion of the said blank carriage mounted thereon, the carriage having
hinged therein certain plates with upwardly projecting pins upon which the cloth
blanks are stretched, one at a time, by the machine operator. These hinged plates,
at the proper time, drop through openings in the machine bed and the pins are
thus withdrawn from the cloth blanks, leaving the latter in position to be operated
upon by the main plunger.
Figures 16 aud 17 are, respectively, side and plan views of a plate by means of
which the finished bag is removed from the machine.
Figure 18 shows top and end views of the paste roll and Figure 19 is a
development of the same.
Figure 20 illustrates the relative positions of said roll and the cloth blank as
the latter passes beneath the former to receive a supply of paste at certam
predetermined points.
Figure 21 is a plan view of one of the bag blanks having outlined thereon the
pasted portions and having indicated by dotted lines the various folds necessary to
produce the finished bag.
Figures 22 and 24 are side elevations of the main (lower) plunger, upon which
the bags are formed and of the upper plunger or follower, also of the folding
mechanisms by means of which the various flaps of the blank are folded, overlapped
and pressed together. Figure 23 is an elevation of the same parts as viewed from
the left hand side of Figure 22.
Figure 25 is an inner side view of the pendent plate 99 and
Figure 26 is a cross sectional view of the folders and their supporting plates
taken on line a-a of Figure 25.
Figures 27 to 30 illustrate successive stages in the forming of a bag by my
improved machine and
Figure 31 is a cross sectional view of one of the pendent plates provided to
support the folders proper, with one of said folders in position.
Figures 32, 33, 34 and 35 illustrate and aid in explaining, the manner of folding
the bottom flaps of the bag as well as the flaps that cover the string.
In Figures 36 and 37 are shown side and top views of the finished bag or rather
the bag as delivered by the machine, ready to have the string ends tied.
Figure 38 is a plan view of the main plunger and of the string carrying and
cutting devices, the latter being shown as about to advance and carry the string
around three sides of the bag; the same parts are shown in Figure 39 with the
carriage advanced and nearly in position to sever the string.
Figure 40 is a view of a portion of the string carriage and of the upper end
of the lever am by means of which said carriage is moved transversely across
the machine table at the proper time. This lever arm is illustrated in full in
Figure 10.
In Figure 41 is illustrated the cutting mechanism by means of which the string
is automatically severed and also certain fingers or nippers which automatically
grasp the end of the string and draw it forward, as hereinafter explained.
Figures 42, 43, 44, 45 and 46 illustrate an attachment that may be added to my
said bag machine for the purpose of cutting the bag blanks from a roll of cloth or
paper and printing the same before said blanks pass to the folding and stringing
mechanisms.
The operation of making a bag by my improved machinery and method may be
briefly described as follows:-A suitably cut blank is first stretched upon pins
projecting upward from a frame that is mounted to slide on the machine table.
Said frame or carriage is then moved toward the center of the machine table,
carrying the blank under a paste roll provided with circumferential projections
that "spot
"the blank with paste at proper points; the blank being finally deposited

page_text: over a plunger of box form of the exact shape and size of the finished bag. Said
plunger then moves upward, carrying the pasted blank with it until the latter
comes into contact with certain plates which first double the blank downward on
the plunger and then turn in the side flaps. As the blank is forced still further
upward the bottom flaps are folded downward by certain milled rolls that turn
freely as the bag passes upward between them by pawl and ratchet mechanism.
The upward movement of the main plunger and bag is checked for an instant,
just as the bag enters between said rolls to permit a string to be carried around
three sides of the bag near its lower or open end and to allow the blank to be
turned over said string. The plunger then resumes its upward movement and
carries the bag up between the said rolls to the position shown in Figure 35 when
the plunger begins to move downward but the bag is held by the milled rolls,
which, as above stated, cannot revolve backward and consequently the bag is slowly
stripped from the lower plunger on which it was formed. It should be explained
here that the bag is formed with its inner side outward and must therefore be
turned to bring its "right side outward." As the main plunger descends and seeks
to leave the bag, an upper plunger follows downward and, engaging the bottom of
the bag, forces it inward and telescopes the side walls until the bag is finally
completely turned when it is released from the grip of the milled roils and drop³
upon a plate which has been moved into position under the throat of the folder
mechanism. Said plate is then swung to one side carrying with it the bag, which
latter is thus removed from the path of the main plunger and the mechanism is
ready to receive the next blank.
Having now briefly described the operation of forming a bag I will proceed to
specifically describe the mechanism by means of which the various necessary
operations are performed :-
In the annexed drawings the reference Figures 50 and 51 indicate the main
supporting frames of the machine and 52 a table, of plate form, bolted to said main
frames. Mounted in journal bearings in said frames is a shaft 53 which bears a
driving pulley 4 and constitutes the main drive from which the various moving
parts of the machine are timed.
Driving pulley. 54 is shown as loosely mounted upon the shaft. 53 and is locked
thereto or released therefrom by means of an orday friction clutch 54¹ mounted
upon the said shaft 53 and controlled by an operating lever 54°.
Shaft 53 bears a small gear 55 that meshes with and drives a larger gear 56 on
a shaft 57 and also a gear 58 on a shaft 59. Shafts 57 and 59 are journailed in
the main frames and bear cams that control the movements of certain of the
machine elements. 60 and 61 denote rods that connect the main frames 50 and 51
and serve to stiffen the complete machine. On shaft 57 are two cams 62-63,
arranged side by side, upon which ride rollers 62"-63" secured to the sides of
lever arms 62-63. One end of each of said lever arms is hinged to the rod 61.
The free end of lever 63 is connected by a link 63° with a vertical rod 64
ai ranged to slide in a tubular shaft 65 which, in turn, slides in a bearing 66 located
in a cross frame supported between the frames 50 and 51. The lower end of the
tubular shaft is connected with the free end of lever 62 already described and it
will now be understood that each revolution of the cam-shaft 57 will result in
forcing the levers 62-63 and the rods 64 and 65 upward and finally returning
the same to their normal (lowest) positions. The upper end of rod 64 has secured
thereto a block 67 of the size and shape of the inside of the bag to be made and
this block, which I term the lower or main plunger, is adapted to pass upward
through a rectangular opening in the table 52. The upper end of the tubular
shaft or rod 65 has secured thereto a rectangular plate with upwardly extending
flanges 67 adapted to slip over the lower end of the plunger 67 when the tubular
shaft is slid lengthwise on the rod 64; the flanges 67 being thus brought into
service when it becomes necessary to fold the edges of the bag over the puckering
string, as hereinafter described.
It will be seen by reference to Figures 5, 7 and 9 that the cams 62 and 63 are

page_text: alike in outline excepting only at one point. When in service they cause the
levers 62 and 63b to move the rods 64 and 65 upward in unison until the point of
difference is reached when the lever 62 is, for an instant, forced in advance of the
companion, lever 63 (see Figure 9) thus causing the flanges 67ª to slip over the
lower end, of plunger 67. As the cams continue to revolve and, their circumferential
faces become again parallel, the lever 62 drops back to its normal position opposite
the lever 63 and during the remainder of the revolution of said cams the levers
and their rods 64 and 65 preserve the same relative positions. Secured to the
table 52 at the rear side of the machine, is a hollow standard 68 having secured to
its upper end an arm 69 whose free end overhangs the main plunger 67. Arranged
to slide in the standard 68 is a rod 70 to whose upper end is secured an arm 71
located over the arm 69 and bearing a rod 72 that is fitted to slide freely in said
arm 69, as best seen in Figure 1 of the drawings. The lower end of rod 72 bears
a block 73 which I term the upper plunger or follower. Said block is located
immediately in vertical alignment with the main plunger 67 and is substantially of
the same shape but somewhat smaller.
The chief office of this upper plunger is to follow the main plunger downward
after a bag has been made, and turn the bag inside outward. The lower end of
rod 70 is connected with the free end of a lever 74 whose other end is hinged
on the tic-rod 61. Upon the side of lever 74 is a roll 75 that rides upon the face
of a cam 76 mounted on shaft 57 in such manner that at each revolution of said
cam the rod 70 and its connected parts are caused to rise and fall. Extending
downward from the rear end of bar 71 is a rod 77 which is formed with rack teeth
throughout a considerable part of its length and said rack engages a pinion
gear 78 on a short stud 79 that is supported in a stand 80 secured to the table 52.
Secured to the pinion gear 78 is a bevel gear 78 that meshes with a larger bevel
gear 81 on the standard 68. Gear 81 is attached to an arm 82 of plate form, of
such length that it may be swung underneath the upper plunger 73 to receive the
finished bag, and then swung to one side to remove said bag from the path of the
lower plunger. When the rod 70 moves downward, during the operation of
turning a finished bag inside out, as already described, the rack-rod 77 imparts
motion to the described train of gearing 78-78ª and 81, slowly swing the plate 82
around.
At the exact instant when the lower plunger passes downward through the
table 52 to its lowest position, and the turned bag is about to drop from the upper
plunger, said plate 82 passes beneath the folder throat and receives said bag. As
the arm 71 passes upward to lift the upper plunger 73 the rack 77, and the
described train of gearing, swing said plate around to its normal position, at the
rear of the machine, thus removing the bag which, if the plate is moved quickly
and stopped suddenly, is thrown off said plate into a suitable receptacle or, if
preferred, it may be removed by the attendant of the machine.
Previous to a blank's being deposited over the lower plunger to be formed into
a bag the same is first "spotted with paste at certain pre-determined points, which
paste, adhering, serves to retain the blank in bag-shape after the removal
therefrom of the forming plunger and this pasting mechanism I will now proceed
to describe:-
Adjacent to the opening in the table 52 through which the main plunger passes
is a plate 83 that is supported on pillars 84 secured to said table, thus elevating the
plate 83 so that a carriage 85 may pass under said plate (see Figure 11). Mounted
upon plate 83 is a paste-pan 86 in which are journalled distributing rollers 87-88
the latter of which engages certain ribs and blocks 89 projecting radially from the
circumference of roll 89. Any suitable adhesive mixture may be deposited in
pan 86 and distributed by the described rollers but I prefer to use a hot waterproof
cement that will dry quickly and withstand changes of temperature and moisture.
The paste roll 89 is journalled at each end in stands 90 secured to table 52 and
bears on its shaft near each end small pinion gears 91 which are engaged by vertical
1acks 92 that slide in bearings 93 secured to the main supporting frames of the

page_text: machine. The lower end of each rack 92 is connected with the free end of a
lever arm 94 whose other end is hinged on the tie-rod 60 aud said lever arm has
secured to one side a roll 95 that rides on the circumferential face of a cam 96 on
Shaft 59 in such manner that each revolution of said cam serves to force the
lever 94 and rack 92 upward (see Figure 5) and thus revolve the paste roll forward
and backward. Secured to the ends of the paste roll shaft are also pinion gears 97
(somewhat larger than the gears 91) that mesh with rack teeth 85ª cut on the sides
of the carriage 85 already referred to. This carriage is arranged to slide in
suitable ways on the machine table 52 and serves to carry the cloth blank under
the paste roll, to receive proper spots of paste, and then deposit said blank
Immediately over the opening in the table 52 through which the main plunger
passes upward.
The cloth blanks are stretched one at a time upon pins 85 projecting upward
fiom carriage 85, or rather from plates 85° hinged in said carriage, as best seen in
Figures 11, 14 and 15. Said hinged plates are also indicated by dotted lines in
Figure 12. When the racks 92 travel upward, the carriage 85 will, through the
gears 91, and 97 and the rack teeth 85 cut therein, be caused to pass forward
under the paste roll and said blank is then properly "spotted" with paste, such
spottings being determined by the blocks or ribs formed upon the circumferential
surface of said paste roll and as readily understood by reference to Figures 18, 19, 20
and 21. As the carriage 85 passes forward under the paste roll the plates 85° slide
upon the bed 52 and are thus held up in such position that the pins may support
the bag-blank stretched thereon but, so soon as the carriage has reached its
extreme forward position (where it is desired to drop the blank) certain
openings 52, in table 52, are reached, into which openings the hinged plates 85
drop, as seen in Figures 11 and 14, thus withdrawing the pins from the blank and
leaving the latter in position to be forced upward, by the plunger 67, into the
folding throat. The carriage 85 rests in its extreme forward position until said
plunger begins to raise the blank and then is returned to its normal position, or
starting point to have another blank stretched upon its pins. Two of the racks 92,
levers 94 and cams 96 may be employed, operating at opposite ends of the paste
roll, as illustrated, or one only, but I prefer the duplex form as it ensures an even
and steady movement of the blank carriage 85.
Bolted near the end of the overhanging arm 71 are two vertically depending
plates 98 and 99. Plates 98 and 99 are provided with vertically extending ways
on which are arranged to slide auxiliary plates 981. When the pasted blank is raised
from the carriage 85 it is forced between the two plates 98¹, supported on
plates 98-99, and said blank is thus folded down by the plates 98¹ on opposite
sides of the plunger 67 as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 27. As the plunger
moves upward between plates 98', certain angular lips 98 projecting from one of
these plates 981 engage and turn inward the flaps marked e of the cloth blank
(Figures 21, 28 and 29) and an instant later similar lips projecting from the
opposite plate 981 engage the flaps marked and fold them over the flaps e as seen
in dotted lines in Figure 30. The operation as thus far described, of folding the
blank, is clearly seen in Figures 27 to 30.
The fact that the plates 98' are capable of travelling vertically on ways has
already been referred to; in addition to this attention is called to the fact that the
lips 98 are so supported in the plates 98' as to be capable of horizontal adjustment
therein or the lips of each plate may be connected by spiral spring as shown in
Figure 26.
After the flapse and have been folded as already described it will be seen that
the flaps g will be left projecting laterally. As the plunger continues to pass
upward flaps g are engaged by two milled rolls 98 between which the plunger
passes, which rolls fold the flaps y down over the flapse and † (see Figures 32 and 33)
and the flaps e, and g will be retained in the positions folded by reason of the
paste which bas been previously properly deposited on said blank.
Projecting from the upper edge of each plate 98' is a rib or flange 98°. As the

page_text: former or plunger passes upward it engages these ribs just after the folding of the
flaps and has been completed and thus carries upward with it (between the milled
roils) the said plates 98', the milled rolls being grooved as shown at 98 to permit
of the upward travel of the projecting lips 98. This upward movement of plates 981
removes them from the path of the flanged plate 67", which latter, travelling upward
with plunger 67 would other wise come in contact with said plates.
To prevent plates 98' from dropping from plates 98-99 and to hold them in
proper position on the latter I have provided each of the plates 98¹, on its rear
side, with a projecting pin or stud 991 adapted to travel in a slot 99ª provided for
the reception of the same in the plates 98 and 99; this construction being readily
understood by reference to the Figures 23 and 25.
When the plunger 67 is down, the plates 98' are caused by gravity to rest in
their lowest position and will be at all times in said position unless forced upward
by reason of the contact of the plunger 67 with the ribs 98; the plates 981 being
sufficiently heavy to resist the tendency of the plunger 67 to force the same
upward while passing upward between them until the plunger comes in contact
with the ribs as above explained, after which time the plunger and plates move
together.
With the folding mechanism described it will be seen that such mechanism can
be readily varied to accommodate different sizes of plungers by simply providing
plates 98 of a size corresponding to the plunger used and also by changing the
size or distance apart of the milled rolls.
The milled rolls are journalled in the plates 98-99 and have upon their journal
ends toothed discs 99 that are engaged by pawls 994 which allow the rolls to
revolve fieely as a bag is forced upward between them but prevent the backward
1otation of the rolls when the main plunger moves downward, thus serving to hold
the bag in its elevation and strip it from said plunger as the latter descends.
Just as the flaps 9 pass between the milled rolls the plunger 67 stops for an
instant to allow a puckering string to be placed around three sides of the neck of
the bag and to fold a narrow portion of the bag over said string. The stringing
mechanism is best illustrated in Figures 2, 38, 39 and 41. The reference figures 100
denote a frame that is mounted to slide in ways 101 secured to the table 52 at one
side the main plunger and the lower portion of said frame is connected with the
upper, free end, of an angle-lever 102 that is pivoted in a stand 103 secured to the
machine frame as best seen in Figure 10 of the drawings. The shorter arm of
said lever 102 rides on the face of a cam 104 that is carried by shaft 59. At each
revolution of said cam the lever arm 102 is rocked on its fulcrum and the frame 100
is forced toward the plunger and back again. Said frame is formed at one side
with an arm 105 whose end is perforated to receive and guide a string 106 which
is drawn from a ball or spool hung on a stud 107 on frame 100. Secured to the
inner side of arm 105, near the described perforation, is a knife, arranged to
operate with a shearing cut and formed of two sections, one of which (108) is
an angle plate whose knife edge is some distance away from the aim 105; the
companion knife section (109) being arranged to slide in a box bearing 110
secured to arm 1.5. A spring 111 serves to withdraw the knite section 109
after a cut has been effected. In the described perforation, through which the
string passes, are spings 112 whose free ends clasp the string at the delivery
end of said perforation and allow the same to be drawn freely in one direction
but form a binding lock to prevent the return of said string. When the string
has been severed a short section (about one half an inch long in a full size
machine) is left projecting and this is grasped and drawn forward by peculiarly
operating nippers or fingers that are carried by the free end of an arm 113 that
is hinged to frame 100 and is held normally parallel with the arm 105, as in full
lines in Figures 38 and 39, by a spial spring 114. one of whose ends is secured to
said aim 113 near its hinge pivot, the other end being attached to the fiame 100.
Near the free end of arm 113 is a fixed jaw 115 and a pivoted jaw 116 the latter
of which has a rearwardly projecting arm 116" and also a point 116 that

page_text: co-operates with the end of a spring 117 in such manner that the spring acts, with
considerable force, to hold the jaw 116 in either an open or closed position.
When frame 100 is drawn outward to its position of rest the arm 113 engages a
projection 118 on the ways 101 and its free end is swung laterally (see Figure 39,
dotted lines) toward the arm 105 until the open jaws pass between the two knife
sections and enclose the projecting end of the string. Just at that instant the
movable jaw 116 engages a projection 110' on arm 105 and is closed as at "C" in
Figure 41, the spring 117 then acting to hold said jaw closed.
As the frame 100 is again moved forward toward the main plunger the arm 113
passes away from projection 118 and is immediately swung outward until parallel
with arm 105, drawing with it the string, the several parts being in the positions
illustrated in Figure 38 as they approach the plunger 67 and the bag folded
thereon. Continued movement of the frame 100) carries the string into contact
with the bag which is thus drawn into a groove 67° in the main plunger on three
sides of the bag, the sting rendering freely from the ball meanwhile. When
the string thus forces the cloth into the grooves 67° the remaining narrow portion of
the bag, between its mouth and the string, is naturally thrown outward as seen in
Figure 32 and, while in that position, the described rectangular flanged plate 67* is
forced upward (see Figure 33) and said narrow portion is turned over the string and
stuck to the body of the bag. The flange 67* is then withdrawn. Just at this instant
the plate 100 will nearly have reached the limit of its forward movement when the
knife section 109 engages a stop 52b fixed in table 52 and the projection 116 of the
movable jaw 116 engages a similar stop fixed in said table. A slight further
movement of plate 100 then results in severing the string and in opening the jans
to release its other end. Said plate 100 is then returned to the position shown in
dotted lines in Figure 39 and the nippers seize the cut end of the string ready to
draw it forward again. In Figure 41 A shows the string as it appears when ready
to be cut, B shows the same during the act of cutting, C the arm 113 is shown as
swung over to the arm 15, the nippers having just closed upon the projecting
end of the string and at D the said nippers are shown as if just opened by contact
with the fixed stop 52.
It will be remembered that during the described stringing operation that the
main plunger has been at rest and the upper end or bottom of the bag is between
the milled rolls 98b. As soon as the string is in place and the mouth of the bag
turned back over it, the plunger 67 continues its upward movement until the bag
is forced nearly past the milled rolls (see Figure 34) when the plunger 67 begins
to descend and the bag, being held by said milled rolls (which it will be remembered
can revolve only in one direction) is slowly stripped from said plunger (see
Figure 35). When the main plunger 67 begins to descend the upper plunger
follows it down and, as the main plunger slips out of the bag (which at this time is
wrong side out, the upper plunger 73 follows down and forces the bottom of the
bag through the body, the mouth of the bag being held by the milled rolls until
the bag is completely turned. When the main plunger 67 leaves the bag its
speed is at once increased, by reason of the shape of its controlling cam.
Just as
the turned bag is about to drop from the upper plunger, and from between the
milled rolls, the plate 82, which has been described, reaches its position over the
main plunger and the bag drops on it. The upper plunger then moves upward
and the rack 77 and gears 78, 78ª and 81 act to swing said plate 82 back to its
position of rest, shown in Figure 2. The bag may then be removed by the
attendant and the loose ends of the string tied together. One edge of the delivery
plate 82 is preferably upturned, as at 82, to prevent the bag from slipping off the
plate if the latter should be started with its load suddenly.
I have illustrated and described mechanism for attaching but one string to the
bag but it will be obvious that said mechanism could be duplicated and located on
the opposite side of plunger 67, the upper face of one system being as nearly
as possible in the same plane as the lower face of the opposite system so that the
string could be laid in the groove 67 of the main plunger. This leaves the string

page_text: ends projecting from opposite sides of the bag as indicated in Figures 36 and 37
and each pair of ends may be then tied by hand or otherwise. The several described
operations are repeated in the production of each bag, beginning with the forward
movement of the blank carriage 85 which carries a new blank under the paste roll
and then places it in position to be forced upward by plunger 67.
Excepting only the stretching of the cloth blanks on pins 85b and the tying of
the strings the machine as thus far described performs its work automatically and,
while embodying several movements each requiring accurately timed mechanism the
machine as a whole is quite simple and durable and not easily disarranged.
While the work of feeding the bag blanks to the machine has been described as
performed by its attendant, means are provided for automatically doing this work,
also for cutting said blanks previous to depositing them upon the feed carriage 85;
the stock from which the said blanks are cut being automatically drawn from a roll
suitably supported adjacent to the machine proper. A printing attachment is also
provided whereby desired designs or printed matter may be impressed upon said
blanks.
The mechanism for performing the various operations just mentioned is located
at that end of the machine at which the blanks are introduced and is supported
by a frame-work consisting of two side frames 120 bolted, as shown, to the
frames 51 and 52, and secured together by means of the cross frames 120° and 120°.
Side frames 120 are provided in their upper extremities with open bearings for the
reception of a spindle 121 which supports the roll of stock from which the blanks
are to be cut, the width of said stock being slightly greater than the width of the
blanks to be cut. This cutting of the blanks is accomplished by means of two
dies 122 and 123 of plate form between which said stock is fed. After being fed
between the dies as just mentioned the blanks are cut from the stock and deposited
upon carriage 85 during which last named operation any desired printing of said
blanks is effected, after which the latter may be fed forward into the machine in
the manner already described.
The feeding of the stock from its roll to the cutting dies is accomplished by
means of endless belts 124 provided with projecting spurs or pins 124. Belts 124
are two in number and travel in the direction parallel to the direction of travel of
the carriage 85 and are carried by means of pulleys 125. Of the latter, those
nearest the roll of stock are supported on a shaft 126 journalled in bearings 127
while the companion pulleys 125 of each belt are loosely mounted upon the shaft of
paste-roll 89 one of said pulleys being located on each side thereof.
Of the cutting dies already referred to, the die 122 is stationary and is fixedly
secured at one end to the machine table 52 by means of bolts, as shown, and at its
opposite end to the frames 120, said die-plate 122 being sufficiently elevated above
the bed 52 to permit the carriage 85 to travel beneath it, and on said plate 122
are located the bearings 127 already mentioned.
The pulleys 125, located on the shaft of paste-roll 89, engage said shaft with
sufficient frictional contact to cause them to revolve therewith when the same is
imparting proper motion to carriage 85 to feed a blank into the machine, as
heretofore fully explained, (see arrow in Figure 46).
Such motion of said pulleys 125 serves to impart travelling motion to the
belts 124, with the pins 124 of which the cloth has been placed in contact.
Belts 124 are properly located to cause its pins to engage the cloth near its edges
(see Figure 44) and it will be readily seen that such movement of belt- 124 will
serve to unwind and correspondingly draw forward the cloth onto the die-plate 122,
which latter is provided with grooves 122" for the reception of said pins 124".
Pulleys 125 are of such diameter that, when rotary motion of the shaft of paste-
roll 89 proper to feed forward a blank into the machine, is completed, sufficient
cloth will have been drawn from the roll, between the dies, to enable a blank to be
cut in the manner explained in detail hereinafter. To prevent the belts 124 from
drawing the cloth in the reverse direction to that just described when the shaft of
paste-roll 89 is revolved to return the carriage 85 to its starting point, each

page_text: pulley 125 on said shaft is provided on its face with a ratchet 125* engaging which
is a spring pawl or detent 125 mounted on the machine bed 52 which serves to
prevent the rotation of said pulley in the direction reverse to that already
described; the same remaining stationary on the shaft during said return movement
of the carriage and thus the feeding of the cloth in one direction only is insured.
Reference has already been made to a die 123. This latter is also of plate form
and is of the exact shape and size of the blank to be cut, and, cut through the
die 122, is an opening conforming in outline to said die 123. When the dies are
performing the operation of blank cutting (assuming that the cloth has been fed
forward in the manner already described) the die 123 is caused to travel downward,
by means hereinafter described, onto said cloth and to force the same before it,
through the opening of die 122 (Figure 45) resulting in "punching" or cutting out
a blank from said cloth, and continued downward movement of the die serves t▸
deposit the blank on the carriage 85 exactly as though placed there by the
attendant of the machine as in the manner first described, after which said blank
is ready to be carried forward into the machine.
To impart a vertically reciprocating motion to the die 123 a shaft 128 is
journalled in the frames 120, as shown, and mounted thereon, also on the shaft 57
of the machine proper, are sprocket wheels 129 and, by means of a chain 130,
connecting said sprocket wheels, rotary motion is transmitted from the shaft 57
to the shaft 128. Mounted on the last named shaft are cams 131, preferably
two in number, and of suitable shape to properly actuate said die 123, and motion
is communicated thereto from cams 131 by means of vertical rods 132, each
provided with a roll 132ª for the engagement of its cam and each of which is
designed to travel in a bearing 122 projecting from the die 122.
The upper
extremities of rods 132 are tied together by means of a bar 133 and suspended
centrally therefrom by means of a short rod 136' is the die 123.
It will now
be seen that rotary motion of shaft 128 imparts (by means of its cams 131
through the frame-work composed of the rods 132 and the bar 136') a vertically
reciprocating movement to the die 123.
Referring now to the above mentioned printing mechanism, reference number 134
indicates a plate, preferably rectangular in shape and having extending downward
therefrom a rod 135 having suitable vertical bearings in the cross frame 120".
Rod 135 bears near its lower extremity a roll 135 engaged by a cam 136 on the
shaft 128 and it will be apparent that rotary motion of the latter will cause a
vertically reciprocating motion to be imparted to the plate 134. Carried by
plate 134 is a similarly shaped plate 137 having a ball shaped boss centrally located
on its lower face and to receive the same a correspondingly shaped pocket is
provided on the upper side of plate 134. The said plate 137 is engaged and
supported near its corners by vertical screws carried by and extending upward
through plate 134 and by means of these latter a very fine adjustment of plate 137
is made possible, said plate 137 being rocked thereby to bring it into level.
Plate 137 carries the type or designs 138 which are to be impressed on the blank.
The described printing mechanism is so timed relatively to the die 123 that said
plate 137 and the die 123 are in their highest and lowest positions respectively at
the same instant and, when in this last named position, the type 138 come in contact
with the blank forced downward by the die and leave the desired impression
thereon.
To accomplish the inking operation, rolls 139 are provided journalled in a
carriage 140 suspended from carriage 85. Supported by a vertical bearing located
midway the length of frame 120 is a circular ink table 141 having a shauk
extending downwardly therefrom into said bearing. Projecting from the circum-
ferential edge of said ink-table are a number of studs 142 and pivotally secured to
the carriage 140 is a pawl 140 which, by reason of a stud 140 located in
carriage 140, can swing in one direction only as will be readily understood from the
drawings. Assuming that the various elements of the inking device are in the
positions of Figure 42, the first movement of carriage 85, to carry a blank into
B

page_text: the machine, will cause rolls 139 to carry ink from pad 141 and distribute it on
forms 138 and on the return movement of said carriage to again travel over said
forms but just before assuming their starting point on pad 141 the pawl 140°
engages one of the studs 142 of said pad, thereby partially revolving the latter and
presenting a new portion of the ink table to the rolls 137. As soon however as
carriage 85 again starts forward with a blank the pawl 140ª rides idly over any
studs with which it may come in contact.
It will now be seen from the above description that, in addition to producing a
bag from a blank, such blank may be automatically taken from a roll, cut out,
printed and deposited on a carriage in readiness to be carried into the machine,
Having now particularly ascertained and described the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In combination with a reciprocating plunger, a folder throat consisting of two
pendant plates having angular side flap turners as set forth and having journalled
therein, on opposite sides, rolls provided with pawl and ratchet devices that limit
the rotary movement of said rolls to one direction only, substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
2. In combination with a main plunger and an upper plunger, a folder throat
between said plungers consisting of two pendant plates each having secured thereto
angle-plates for folding the side flaps of a bag, said angle-plates being so relatively
located on the two pendant plates that those of one plate engage and turn the flaps
of one side of the bag in advance of those of the opposite side, and means for
holding the open end of the bag during the act of turning the same, all substantially
as specified.
3. In combination with a reciprocating main plunger and a folder throat of the
class referred to, an upper or follower plunger, mechanism for moving said upper
plunger to cause it to follow the main plunger as the latter recedes after a bag has
been formed thereon, and means for holding the open end of the bag during the act
of turning the same.
4. In combination with a reciprocating main plunger, a folder throat of the class
referred to, an upper plunger and mechanism for moving the latter to follow the
main plunger as the latter recedes, and means for holding the open end of the bag
during the act of turning the same, a delivery plate and mechanism for moving
said plate beneath said folder throat to receive the folded bag, all substantially
as specified.
5. In combination with a reciprocating plunger and a folder throat of the class
referred to, pasting mechanism adjacent to said plunger, consisting of an elevated
paste-pan with distributing rolls journalled therein and a paste roll with circum-
ferential projections as set forth, a blank carrier mounted to travel beneath said
paste-roll and to deliver a blank between the plunger and throat and means
consisting of racks and pinions, for connecting said carrier and paste-roll, all
substantially as specified.
6. In combination with a main plunger, mounted upon a reciprocating rod, a tube
mounted to slide on said rod and bearing a flange adapted to slip over the end of
the plunger, and mechanism substantially as described for sliding the said flange
over the plunger end, for the purpose specified.
7. In combination with a reciprocating main plunger, having a groove 67° near
one end, and mechanism for folding a bag blank upon said plunger, mechanism as
set forth for placing a string around said bag, and means consisting of a flange
adapted to slide over the plunger end, for turning the bag over said string.
8. In combination with a reciprocating main plunger and mechanisin for folding
a bag-blank thereon, mechanism for placing a string around said plunger consisting
of a plate movable transversely to the movement of the plunger, said plate having
arms that may straddle the plunger one of which bears at its free end, string
cutting devices as set forth, the other arm having at its free end fingers for grasping

page_text: the string end, and mechanism both for swinging said last named arm into engage-
ment with the first named and for opening and closing said fingers, all substantially
as specified.
Dated this 6th day of August 1895.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.