Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 1st Dec., 1886.
Completed Accepted, 5th Jan., 1887.
I, ALEXANDER SCHANSCHIEFF of Gipsy Hill in the County of Surrey, Electrician
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My improved galvanic battery is intended to be employed where permanence is
required as for the working of electric bells, and the like, and also for light.
I prefer to make the outer vessel of the battery cell of paper rendered waterproof
with marine glue, but, I can also use vessels of wood glass or other suitable material;
within this 1 place a zine element or elements and a porous pot of earthenware or carlion
or bag of linen or other suitable material dipped in collodion or a bag of parchment paper
or such like material. The porous pot of earthenware contains a carbon element or
elements the space around which I pack with peroxide of lead mixed with fragments
of carbon. If I use a carbon porous pot I simply fill it with fragments of carbon
mixed with peroxide of lead and use the pot itself as the negative element.
The liquid I employ in this battery is prepared from mercury with three times its
weight of water and strong sulphuric acid gradually added in the manner described in
my Provisional Specification No. 12378 of the year 1885, and I can with advantage
use in this battery the liquid which is partly spent from having been already worked
in a battery for obtaining electric light. I seal both the inner and the outer vessels at
the top and render the outer cell liquid tight by means of marine glue, leaving or
making in the cover of the inner cell suitable holes.to permit the escape of gases.
A battery thus prepared will remain operative for many months; when it requires
restoring I substitute a solution of chloride of lime for the previous liquid with which
the battery will still continue its action, at the same time restoring the peroxide of
lead. The chloride of lime solution may then be thrown away and the cell re-supplied
with the mercurial solution, when the battery will work as before. Sometimes in place
of peroxide of lead I employ peroxide of manganese.
CARPMAEL & CO.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Galvanic Batteries.
I, ALEXANDER SCHANSCHIEFF of Gipsy Hill, in the County of Surrey Electrician
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment:
My improved galvanic battery is intended to be employed where permanence is
required as for the working of electric telegraphs telephones, bells and the like, and
also for light.
I prefer to make the outer vessel of the battery cell of paper rendered waterproof with
marine glue or otherwise formed from paper pulp japanned or waterproofed by well
known methods.
Such cells are very light strong and durable, nevertheless I can also use vessels of
wood glass or other suitable material. Within this vessel I place a zinc element or
elements, preferably I fix tho zine elements to the cover of the vessel. Within the cell
I provide a porous pot of earthenware or carbon or bag of linen or other suitable
material dipped in collodion or a bag of parchment paper or such like material. This
contains a carbon element or elements the space around which I pack with peroxide of
lead mixed in about equal parts by bulk with small fragments of carbon. If as 1
prefer I use a carbon porous pot I simply fill it with fragments of carbon mixed with
peroxide of lead and use the pot itself as the negative element. Or in place of this I
sometimes form the mixture of peroxide of lead and carbon granules into a block by
pressure in a mould such a block serves well as the negative element.
The liquid I employ in this battery is prepared from mercury with three times its
weight of water and strong sulphuric acid gradually added in the manner described in
my Specification No. 12378 of the year 1885 and I can with advantage uso in this
battery the liquid which is partly spent from having been already worked in a battery
for obtaining electric light. I can also but less advantageously use in my battery other
sulphate solutions as for example sulphate of soda or other sulphates-in this case it
will be desirable to amalgamate the zine which is not required when a mercurial
solution is employed. I prefer to seal the outer vessel at the top and render the outer
cell liquid tight by means of marine glue, leaving a small opening for the escape of
any gas generated, this opening may be provided with a short ebonite or other tube
which can be fitted with a cork or other stopper. I seal the inner porous pot hermeti-
cally with marine glue or paraffin.
A battery thus prepared will remain operative for many months, when it requires
restoring I substitute a strong solution of chloride of lime (bleaching powder) for the
previous liquid with which the battery will still continue its action at the same time
restoring the peroxide of lead. The chloride of lime solution may then be thrown away
and the cell re-supplied with the mercurial or sulphate solution, when the battery will
work as before.
Sometimes in place of peroxide of lead I employ peroxide of manganese.

page_text: In place of chloride of lime other solutions containing chlorine similarly combined
(as for example hypochlorite of soda) may be employed but bleaching powder is
usually more easily obtained and cheaper than any other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A battery cell with elements of zinc and carbon in contact with peroxide of lead
or peroxide of manganese and immersed in a liquid obtained from mercury and
sulphuric acid substantially as described.
2. A battery cell with elements of zinc and carbon the latter being in contact with
peroxide of lead or peroxide of manganese and immersed in a sulphate solution sub-
stantially as described.
3. A battery cell with elements of zinc and carbon the latter being in contact with
peroxide of lead or peroxide of manganese, these oxides being changed by the sulphate
solution under galvanic action into lower oxides and again reconstituted into their
higher form by the action of chlorides.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.