Method of Producing Reciprocating Action by Means of Rotatory Motion, applicable to the Working of Pumps, Mangles, and other Machinery.
Year: 1830

page_text: Method of Producing Reciprocating Action by Means
of Rotatory Motion, applicable to the Working of
Pumps, Mangles, and other Machinery.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
PARR, of Union Place, City Road, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Fourth, by His Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Eighteenth day of January One
thousand eight hundred and thirty, did give and grant unto inc, the said
William Parr, His special licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said William Parr, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, and such
others as I, the said William Parr, my exors, admors, and assigns, should
at any time agree with and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the terms of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His said Majesty's Colonies and Planta-
tions abroad, my Invention of "A NEW METHOD OF PRODUCING A RECIPROCATING
ACTION BY MEANS OF ROTATORY MOTION, TO BE APPLIED TO THE WORKING OF ALL
KINDS OF PUMPS, MANGLES, AND ALL OTHER MACHINERY IN OR TO WHICH RECIPRO-
CATING ACTION IS REQUIRED OR MAY B APPLIED;" in which said Letters Patent
there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said William Parr, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and
ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is

page_text: to be performed, and to cause the same to be enrolled in His said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within four calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, J, the said
William Parr, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is described and ascertained
by the Drawings hereto annexed, and as follows; that is to say:-
The rotatory motion, of sufficient power for the purpose required, is to be
upplied or furnished by machinery, or animal power, or any other convenient
means, to none of which this Patent is intended to extend, and to be com-
municated to an axis or spindle, placed in a proper situation for the use of the
reciprocating action to be produced, as herein-after described.
In order to explain more fully the said method of producing reciprocating
action by means of rotatory motion, I here first describe it as acting in a
mangle, no part or parts of which machine I claim, excepting the method of
changing the rotatory into reciprocating motion. Figure 1, a, a, a, a, represents
the common framework of a mangle. b, b, b, b, b, b, is the mangle box, in which
the loading' is placed. c, c, the rollers on which the mangle box reciprocates,
which rollers move on an horizontal plane called a bed. d, d, are two frames of
metal fixed firm upon the frame a, a, a, a, by screw bolts. e, e, are two slides made
to pass freely in the frames d, d, with flanches to keep them steady, which are
better described in Figure 2. This arrangement, by which the support of the
axis or spindle is made capable of motion, is peculiary applicable to the
mangle, and is so contrived in order that the mangle box may be lifted to
remove the rollers c, c. For other purposes it will be generally sufficient, that
instead of the frames d, d, and slides e, e, there shall be two firm supports for
the axis or spindle, and the stretcher or bar herein-after described. f, f, is a
spindle on which the handle or other means of communicating the power is
fixed, and is made with two shoulders and bearings, so as to work freely in and
between the two slides e, e; it is distinctly shewn in Figure 3. 9, 9, is a metal
stretcher or bar, with shoulders and square ends, which fit tight in the square
holes in the two slides e, e, and is better described in Figures 4 and 5. For
other purposes than that of the mangle, it may not be necessary that the
stretcher or bar should be parallel to the spindle; it may be at right angles,
or any other position in relation to it, so that it forms a firm support for the
'spindle or axis of the wheels herein-after described. his à bevel wheel fixed
firm upon the spindle f, f.. i is another bevel wheel with which the wheel his
'made to act freely, so that they shall turn each other. Instead of the bevel

page_text: wheels h and i, any other of the known methods may be adopted by which the
direction of the rotatory motion may be changed. The bevel wheels are in
general the best, and will be applicable not only when the change of the
direction of the motion is to the right angle of the former direction, but also
5 when it is to, any intermediate direction. is a common horizontal wheel
fixed firm upon a spindle, which runs freely in a hole through the stretcher or
bar g, g. This wheel k runs under the stretcher or bar g, g, and the bevel
wheel over it; and both being firmly fixed to the same spindle running.
through the stretcher or bar g, g, they turn together when the bevel wheel. i is
-acted upon by the spindle bevel wheel h. These wheels and their spindle are
better described in Figure 5. 1, 1, is a rake or rack of any length, according
to the length of the reciproating action required, with cogs or teeth m,. m,.
standing perpendicular to its plane i, sizeable to act in the wheel k. This
rake or rack l, l, is made with a plain flat surface. underneath, but on the
upper, surface, as seen in Figure 1, is the row of cogs or teeth m, m, fixed in. &
line down its centre, and the rake or rack with these cogs or teeth must pass
freely under the stretcher or bar g, g, parallel to the line of cogs m, m; and.
passing round the ends there is a groove n, n, n, n, to receive the pivot o of
the spindle which carries the bevel wheel i and the wheel or pinion k. The
pivot o is seen in Figure 5, and more clearly in Figure 6, where a section of
the rake or rack and wheels i and k is given, shewing the wheel k acting upon.
the cogs of the .rake, and, also the pivot o,, which passes freely in the groove.
nn, n, n, which groove must be so made, that when the pivot o is running in
it, the wheel will act correctly in the cogs m, m, of, the rake or rack l, l,..
and so that the wheel k, as herein-after explained,, will force forward the rake
or rack while the wheel k remains stationary, but revolving in the fixed
stretcher or bar 9, 9. P, P, are two spaces of sufficient width, according to
the width of the rake or rack, and cut down in. or formed upon the cross
supporters of the mangle box, in which spaces the rake or rack plays or slides;
and in order that the rake or rack may move the more easily, two pieces of
metal. q, q, may be let into the wood, but projecting above it from r, r, to s, s.
These spaces are to be sufficiently wide for the rake or rack to swing in when
acted upon by the wheel k, as described hereafter. t, t, are two plates of metal,
which may be fixed to or let in the ends of the box between which the two
ends of the rake or rack 1, 7, plays with a little freedom, the two ends being
rounded in order that they may move more easy. . Now it will be seen, that when
the handle which is fixed to the spindle f, f, is revolved, the bevel wheel h will
act upon and turn the bevel wheel i, which bevel wheel, being fixed firm upon,
the same spindle as the wheel k, and running through the fixed stretcher 9, 9, the,,

page_text: wheel kacts upon the teeth or cogs of the rake or rack 1, 7, and the rake or rack
is pressed against the end of the mangle box, and the mangle box is thus
pressed forward until the last cog or tooth arrives at the wheel k, when, by
means of the pivot or axis o being confined and acting in the groove which
turns round that cog or tooth, the cog or tooth will be acted on by the
wheel k until the pivot o reaches the other straight part of the groove, and the
rake or rack is moved on the opposite direction. Suppose, for example, the
wheel is acting upon the rake or rack 1, l, and moving it to the left, on
the rake and box arriving at the dotted lines, as seen at u, u, the wheel k,
revolving in a fixed position, turns upon the last cog v in the rake or rack,
and moving it upon the sliders q, q, from s to r. The rake or rack will be seen
as described by the dotted lines w, w, w, w, and the rake and box will move in
a contrary direction, viz, to the right, until they arrive at the dotted lines a, x,
when the last cog or tooth will turn with the wheel k; the rake or rack moving
upon its sliders from 7 to 8, the rake and box will move again to the left until
they arrive at the dotted lines u, u, and so on, the pinion or wheel & continually
revolving in the groove by the aforesaid means, and acting in the teeth or cogs
of the rake or rack I, 1. The mangle box must reciprocate to the whole length
of the cogs or teeth in the rake or rack, and nearly one diameter of the pinion
or wheel k. This method of producing reciprocating action by means of
rotatory motion, by a loose swinging or sliding rake or rack moved by a
stationary revolving wheel or pinion, may be adapted and attached in various
ways to any other suitable machinery. In the description before given the
rake or rack is represented as acting horizontally, in which position it swings
or slides, and is guided by the pivot o, acting in the groove, and is primarily
moved by the rotatory power or motion acting in a plane perpendicular to the
réciprocating action. The reciprocating motion may be made to act in a
perpendicular direction to work pumps; fire engines, or other machinery
requiring such a mode of action, or it may be made to reciprocate at any angle,
from an horizontal plane to a perpendicular position. The perpendicular
reciprocating action is described in the Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10. a, a, a, a,
Figures 7 and 8, are two sides of a frame of metal, or any other proper
material. 6, b, b, b, Figure 8, are four stretchers or pillars, which, falling into
the holes b, b, b, b, Figure 7, and made secure by nuts and screws, the frame
is fixed and firm together. This frame should be fixed at the angle and in
the direction of the reciprocating action required, whether perpendicular or
otherwise. c, c, c, c, are parallel grooves cut through the sides of the frame
a, a, a, a, to correspond with each other, d, d, d, d, is a frame or box of metal,
or proper materials, with four bearings e, e, c, e, which fall into and pass freely

page_text: in the parallel grooves c, c, c, c. When the two sides of the frame a, a, a, a, are
together, the four parallel sides of the frame or box d, d, d, d, are inade to pass
freely within the frame a, a, a, a, Figures 7 and 8. 9, 9, are two sliders on
which the rake or rack h, h, swings or slides to and from the dotted lines f, f,
to the position in which it is seen when acted upon by the wheel i, Figure 7,
and also seen in the side view i, Figure 9. Now it will be seen that this rake
or rack. h, h, is acted upon by the wheel i, Figures 7 and 9, similarly to the
rake or rack, as before described, acting. in the mangle. The bearings e, e, e, e.
will. move in the parallel grooves c, c,. c, c, from k, k, k, k, to l, 1, 1, 1, which
grooves must be sufficiently long to admit the box or frame to reciprocate
to the distance required, which is determined by the length of the rake or rack
moving within it. m, m, are two pieces of metal which may be fastened to
or let in the ends of the box or frame d, d, d, d, when made of any other
material causing friction; between which and the sliders 9, 9, and the sides of
the box d, d, d, d, the rake or rack plays freely, so as to accommodate itself
to the action of the wheel i, as before described. When the reciprocating and
rotatory actions are in parallel planes, as in the Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10, where
they are both perpendicular, instead of the three wheels h, i, and k, Figures
3 and 5, it is sufficient to have one wheel as k, Figure 5, or i, Figure 9, which
must be fastened firmly to and turn with the spindle on which the handle or
n is a collar of metal screwed or otherwise fastened to the
power acts.
spindle o, which is seen to run through the side of the frame in the side view,
Figure 9, and also through the boss p, the depth of which boss must be
sufficient to cause the wheel i to act in the teeth or cogs of the rake or
rack h, h. The spindle o must be well fixed into the hole through the boss
and side frame, and there must be a trifling shake or freedom between the
collar and wheel i, so as to admit of its revolving easily and steadily .q is
a pivot which falls into and passes freely into the groove r, r, r, which is
before described in Figure 6 for the mangle. s, s, 8, s, are holes for bolts, if
required, to fasten the frame to a pump or any other machinery to be acted
upon, and represents a piston rod fastened to the box. When the reciprocating
action is required to be at any intermediate angle between the horizontal and
perpendicular directions, if the rotatory motion be in a perpendicular plane,
there should be bevel wheels, as h and i, Figures 3 and 5, but the cogs placed
at such angles on the wheels as shall be proper to change the direction of the
rotatory action to the direction required; or instead of bevil wheels, some other
known methods of changing the direction of rotatory motion.
This Patent does not extend to the method by which the direction of the
rotatory motion is changed, but only to the method above described, by which

page_text: the reciprocating action is produced from rotatory motion, whether the
direction of the reciprocating action is horizontal, perpendicular, or otherwise.
ESA
In witness whereof, I, the said William Parr, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty.
WILLIAM (L.S.) PARR..
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighteenth day of May, in
the year of our Lord 1880, the aforesaid William Parr came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
2.14
In Inrolled the Eighteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
- thousand eight hundred and thirty..