IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS FOR HACKLING MACHINES FOR JUTE, HEMP, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Blyth, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar,
in the Kingdom of Great Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HOLDERS FOR HACKLING MACHINES FOR JUTE, HEMP, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 12th June 1866, and dated the 15th December 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Blyth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
December 1865.
I, CHARLES BLYTH, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, in the Kingdom
of Great Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS FOR HACKLING MACHINES FOR JUTE, HEMP, FLAX, AND
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a new form of holder whereby the usual covering
of cloth, india-rubber, or other soft or elastic substance by which the retaining
power is given to the holder is dispensed with, and a better hold of the material
which is to be hackled is ensured. The ordinary covering materials soon wear
away or lose their softness or elasticity, and thereby cause loss of yield of
hackled fibre; they require frequent renewing, and thereby entail considerable
expense. To avoid these objections I make the holders of rolled steel or iron.

page_text: with corrugations or ribs with corresponding grooves running the length way
of the holder, or at right angles to the fibre. When screwed together this
holder takes a firm grip of the fibrous substance that is being hackled, which
itself acts as a soft covering, and by being bent between the projections is
firmly retained; such holders are therefore not liable to lose their power of
retention. The ribbed form increases the strength without adding to the
weight of the holder. It is not essential that the ribs or corrugations should
be formed in the bars of which the holders are made, as the ordinary holders
can be changed by applying projecting pieces thereto.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Blyth in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th
June 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
BLYTH, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, in the Kingdom of Great Britain,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Charles Blyth, Her special licence that I, the said Charles
Blyth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Charles Blyth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HOLDERS FOR HACKLING MACHINES FOR JUTE, HEMP, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles.
Blyth, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
.NOW KNOW, YE, that I, the said Charles Blyth, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters.and figures marked thereon (that. is to say):
This. Invention relates. to a new form of. holder to be used in hackling.
machines, whereby the usual covering of cloth, india-rubber, or other soft or
elastic substance by which the retaining power is given to the clamped holder.
is dispensed with, and a better hold of the material to be hackled is ensured.
It has been found that the ordinary covering materials soon wear away or lose
their softness or elasticity, and thereby cause loss of yield of hackled fibre,
moreover they require frequent renewing, and thus entail considerable
expense. To avoid these objections I form the gripping surfaces of the holders
with ribs running lengthwise of the holder, or at right angles to the fibre, and
so disposed that the ribs of one bar or plate of the holder will fit into
corresponding hollows in the other bar of the holder. When therefore this
holder is screwed up it will take a firm grip of the fibrous substance placed
therein, which being bent between the ribs is firmly retained. The ribbed
form increases the strength without adding to the weight of the holder. It is
not essential that the ribs should be formed with the bars of which the holders
are made, as the ordinary holders can be changed by applying projecting
pieces thereto, as will be presently explained.
The manner of carrying out my Invention will be understood by reference
to the accompanying Drawing, in which Fig. is a full-sized section of an
ordinary steel or iron holder with ribs formed of wire attached to the inner or
pressing faces of the holder; Fig. 2 is a full-sized section of a holder made of
steel, iron, or other metal cast or rolled to the required section; and Fig. 3
is an end view of another shape of holder with the ribs made of wire, fastened
on to the ordinary holder. The wire ribs I secure to the pressing surfaces of
the ordinary steel or iron holders by soldering, or rivetting, or by the two
means combined, as the solder makes a good finish by filling up the angles
between the wires and the bars; or, instead of rivets, screws inserted from the
back may be used to secure the wires to the steel or iron bars.
"
I do not confine myself to the exact form of ribbed surface shewn, as it may
be modified to suit finer or coarser materials, but these surfaces are found to
take a firm hold of the material when the holder is screwed up. The
material to be hackled becomes itself in these holders the elastic medium,
which being bent between the ribs or projections is firmly held, such holders
are therefore not liable like the ordinary lined holders to lose their power of
retention. The ribbed form also increases the strength without adding much
to the weight of the holder.

page_text: Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "Improvements in
Holders for Hackling Machines for Jute, Hemp, Flax, and other Fibrous
Substances," and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish
it to be understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I
claim forming transverse ribs. or projections on the clamping faces of the
holders of hackling machines in the manner and for the purpose above
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Blyth, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twelfth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
CHARLES BLYTH. (L.S.)