IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR GENERATORS, ALSO APPLICABLE AS FEED WATER HEATERS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Cosslett, the younger, of Elgin Park, Red-
land, Bristol, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR
GENERATORS, ALSO APPLICABLE AS FEED WATER HEATERS."
Sealed the 16th July 1878, and dated the 27th April 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Cosslett at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th April 1878.
"
RICHARD COSSLETT, the younger, of Elgin Park, Redland, Bristol. IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR GENERATORS, ALSO APPLICABLE AS FEED WATER
HEATERS."
This Invention consists of several or many tubes arranged vertically or diagonally,
or at any suitable angle, as may be desired, with circulating division tubes, con-
necting tubes, or pipes, and cross tubes or pipes, at or near the top and bottom of
the vertical or diagonal steam generating tubes or boilers, same to be so arranged
that each steam generating tube may have an independent water feed, water
spaces, circulation, steam space, and steam exhaust.
The fire heat, hot air, and smoke pass between and around the tubes. Partitions
are to be placed between and across the tubes to direct and distribute the fire heat,
hot air, and smoke, among, around, and between them; the fire heat, hot air, and
smoke to be confined to the surface of the tubes, a few inches below the water line,
and a little distance, say a few inches, above the bottom of the steam generating
tubes, so that the tubes may not be burned, nor the circulation interfered with.
The exhaust from a high-pressure engine or a blower (when a condensing engine
is used) may be employed to increase the draught up the chimney, and to force a
portion of hot air out of the flue, or from the hollow casing around the flues and
boiler into the fire-box to obtain increased combustion on top of the fuel.
The feed water pipes or tubes at the bottom, and steam pipes or tubes at the top
of the steam generating tubes should be connected with screwed pipe connections,.
lock nuts, and other suitable devices, so that each tube or pipe may be removed.

page_text: and replaced easily and readily. The connection at the top of the steam generating
tubes should be made with screwed pipes and lock nuts large enough for the
circulating tubes or partitions to be introduced inside, taken out, and replaced as
desired.
The fuel may be fed from the sides or ends of the fire-place or box, and, forced
forward by a poker, or by other mechanical devices or means.
In a part of the fire-grate or box the perforations for draught may be covered
with a damper at the feed entrance to assist combustion on the top of the fuel,
which may also be aided by a blower of hot air out of flue or hot air from casing
around flues and boiler.
A portion of the boiler may be used as a feed water heater by introducing con-
nections between alternate heating tubes (or steam generating tubes) at some
distance below their water line and at the bottom, so that the cold feed water may
travel through the heating tubes towards the steam generating tubes. The steam
spaces and exhaust at the top convey away any steam generated.
Various shapes, modes, or principles of connection may be used for the various
tubes of the boiler and feed water heater, and the circulation division tubes may be
left in, or removed and plugged as desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Richard Cosslett in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th October 2
1878.
RICHARD COSSLETT, the younger, of Elgin Park, Redland, Bristol.
"IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR GENERATORS, ALSO APPLICABLE AS FEED WATER
HEATERS."
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of my improved boiler with vertical tubes; Fig. 2 1
is a cross section.
Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of my improved boiler with diagonal tubes.
Figs. 4 and 5, enlarged sections of tubes and screwed and lock nut connections.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the Figures.
A, blower chamber; A¹, (Fig. 2) blower; B, blower entrance; C, coal hopper;
D, fire-box; E, combustion chamber; F, steam generating tubes; G, circulating
partitions; H, water line; I, steam spaces; J, feed water tubes; K, feed water con-
nections; L, exhaust steam tubes; M, exhaust steam connections; N, superheating
tubes; O, heating spaces between tubes; Q, feed water warming spaces; R, flues;
S, stack; T, feed water heating tubes; U, alternate feed water connections;
V, water spaces; W, damper or dead plate; ✗, plates to raise or lower No. 1;
Y, plates to raise or lower No. 2; A², division partitions; B², casing; C³, blow-off
cocks.
In Fig. 3, X is door to blower No. 1; W, dead plate or damper; Y, door between
blower chamber and combustion chamber No. 2; Z, door outside coal hopper No. 3;

page_text: bars.
division partitions; D“, door at end of grate No. 4; C, blow-off cocks; D*, fire-
Other letters of reference marked in this Figure (3) are the same as those
described with regard to Figs. 1 and 2.
Several or many tubes F can be arranged vertically (see Figs. 1 and 2) or
diagonally (as in Fig. 3), or at any suitable angle, as may be desired, with cir-
culating division tubes (G), connecting tubes (L, J,) or cross tubes (L, J,) at or
near the top and bottom of the vertical tubes (Figs. 1 and 2), or diagonal tubes
(Fig. 3), and steam generating tubes or boilers F, the same to be so arranged that
each steam generating tube may have an independent water feed (K), water
spaces (V), circulation steam space (I), and steam exhaust (M).
The fire heat, hot air, and smoke passes between and around the tubes O, par-
titions A being placed between and across the tubes F to direct and distribute
the fire heat, hot air, and smoke around and between said tubes. The fire heat,
hot air, and smoke is confined to the surface of the tubes a few inches below the
water line (H), and a little distance, say a few inches above the bottom of the
steam generating tubes, so that the tubes may not be burned nor the circulation
interfered with.
The exhaust from a high-pressure engine or a blower (B) may when a con-
densing engine is used be employed to increase the draught up the chimney, and
to force a portion of hot air out of the flues and boiler, or cold air from outside into.
the fire-box (D) to obtain increased combustion on top of the fuel.
The feed water pipes or tubes J at the bottom, and steam pipes or tubes Lat
the top of the steam generating tubes F are connected with screwed pipe con-
nections M and K (see Figs. 4 and 5), lock nuts, and other suitable devices, so that
each tube or pipe may be removed and replaced easily and readily. The con-
nections (M) at the top of the steam generating tubes F should be made with
screwed pipes and lock nuts, large enough for the circulating partition tubes C to
be introduced inside, taken out, and replaced as desired.
The circulating partitions or tubes G extend from several inches below the
water line H to within a few inches of the bottom, allowing sufficient spaces at
the top and bottom for circulation. The partition tubes G may be provided with
spring stays to retain them in position, and the circulating partitions G may be of
various forms, and under certain circumstances may be dispensed with.
The fuel may be fed from a hopper (C) at the sides or ends of the fire-place or
box (D), and forced forward by a poker, or by other mechanical devices or means.
In a part of the fire-grate or box the perforations for draught at the feed entrance
may be covered with a damper, or consist of a dead plate (W) to stop combustion
at the bottom of the fuel, which may also be aided by a blower (B) of hot air out
of the flue, or hot air from the casing around flue and boiler, or cold air from out-
side, to be placed and so arranged as to promote combustion on the top of the fuel
over the damper or dead plate (W).
The blowers (B, Fig. 3, and A, Fig. 2) are constructed and arranged as follows:-
A pipe or flue from stack or casing is brought to a chamber A between coal
hopper C, and combustion chamber E. The blower chamber A may be placed
behind the coal hopper C, if desired. Three doors are placed at the bottom of coal
hopper C, and blower chamber A (Fig. 3) hung at the top, each free to move
forwards and backwards, and provided with handles and rack to retain them in
positions required.
The first door to hopper (C) retains the coal; the second door, placed between
coal hopper (C) and blower chamber (A), retains and regulates the coal; the third
door, between blower A and combustion chamber D, directs and regulates hot or
cold blast on to top of the fuel; and a fourth door is provided at end of fire-bars
in combustion chamber D for removal of clinkers and other substances that will
not pass the bars. Each door is provided with rack and handle to retain same in
the described positions.

page_text: '
A portion of the boiler may be used as a feed water heater (T) by introducing
connections U between alternate heating tubes T or steam generating tubes T at
some distance below their water line, and near the bottom, so that the cold feed
water may travel through the heating tubes T towards the steam generating
tubes F. The steam spaces I and exhaust at the top M convey away any steam
generated.
The cocks (C³) at the bottom of the tubes are provided to blow off deposits.
Various shapes, modes, and arrangements of connections may be used for the
various tubes of the boiler and feed water heater, and the circulating tubes may be
left in or removed as desired.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and shown by the
Drawings how the same may be carried out in practice, I would have it understood
that I do not restrict myself to the exact limits, details, or configuration of the
parts I have explained and shown, as the same may of course be varied or modified
without in any way departing from the Invention, but I claim and desire to be
secured to me by Letters Patent,―
'
1st. The general arrangement, as herein set forth.
2nd. The inclined or vertical steam generating tubes F and the circulating
tubes G in combination, as herein shown and described.
3rd. The circulating tubes G having supporting springs and the steam generating
tubes F in combination, substantially as herein shewn and described.
4th. The tubes K and T alternating in position, as described, in combination with
the tubes, as herein shown and described.
15th. The application of screw joints M, R, and lock nuts, as herein shown and
described.
6th. The combination in a boiler furnace of the dead plate W, door or grate D,
and hopper C, having a door or several doors, as herein shown and described.
7. The chamber A formed behind the hopper, or before the hopper if desired,
for receiving the air blast B, as herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Cosslett, the younger, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
4
Witness,
JOHN LINE, Jnr.,
York St.,
Bath.
RICHARD COSSLETT, JUN. (L.S.)