IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY CARS OR CARRIAGES AND IN BEDS OR COTS TO BE USED THEREIN PART OF THE INVENTION BEING APPLICABLE TO BEDS OR COTS TO BE USED IN OTHER PLACES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Philip Middleton Justice of 14 Southampton Buildings
in the County of Middlesex Patent Agent for an invention of IMPROVEMENTS
IN RAILWAY CARS OR CARRIAGES AND IN BEDS OR COTS TO BE USED THEREIN
PART OF THE INVENTION BEING APPLICABLE TO BEDS OR COTS TO BE USED
IN OTHER PLACES Communicated to him from abroad by Melvin Batchlor
Church of Grand Rapids County of Kent State of Michigan United States of
America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Philip Middleton Justice
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th June 1882.
PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 14 Southampton Buildings in the County of
Middlesex Patent Agent IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY CARS OR CARRIAGES AND
"
""
IN BEDS OR COTS TO BE USED THEREIN, PART OF THE INVENTION BEING APPLICABLE
TO BEDS OR COTS TO BE USED IN OTHER PLACES A communication to me from
abroad by Melvin Batchlor Church of Grand Rapids, County of Kent, State of
Michigan United States of America
This invention relates to the berths and seats of sleeping cars and is in part
applicable to the staterooms of steamers and other water craft It includes also an
improved form of cot which may be used in any situation where an ordinary
folding cot is desirable
The object of the invention is first to provide a cot or bed adapted to collapse
into small compass whereby it is specially applicable for use upon sleeping cars or
carriages but is also useful in other situations The object is further to arrange
this collapsible cot or bed in a railway car in such connection with the seats that
pivoted or movable chairs may be used or seats with movable backs instead of
the ordinary fixed backs of seats facing each other in pairs as in the ordinary
sleeping cars
I have designed in the third place to simplify the construction and provide the
most convenient means for carrying out the general principle of my invention
The main feature of the invention is the collapsible berth or cot which is capable
of collapsing sideways towards the side of the car in which is formed a suitable
receptacle adapted to receive it In all the main elements the berths are the same
ЧА

page_text: whether upper or lower and the receptacles in which they are folded are similar
for both
It is essential to this invention that the berths should be adapted to collapse
and fold within the receptacle or against the wall of the car and when extended
should offer a rigid support to the bed, but the details of construction in respect to
this collapsible berth may of course be greatly varied
In the form which I have found to be most convenient the berth is formed of
two side pieces which are extended and held apart by means of end pieces
Preferably these end pieces are made in two parts which are strongly hinged
together and also hinged to the side pieces With this form of end piece the end
pieces may be folded inwardly and the outer side piece may be brought up snugly
towards the inner side piece with the end pieces folded between the two
The inner side piece is secured within a cavity in the side of the car by means
of bolts
These bolts are placed near the ends and the middle part of all that part of the
side piece inside of the end pieces is left free The purpose of this is to allow the
torsional spring of the side pieces to be transmitted to the flexible covering of
the bed
These side pieces are formed of ordinary plank from five to eight inches in width
and from three fourths to an inch and a half in thickness and of a length required
for an ordinary bed
Upon the top of this framework of the bed is attached the covering This
consists of any suitable kind of stout cloth adapted to sustain the weight of a
person It is attached to the upper edges of the side pieces on the outside thereof
preferably by tacking or in any other convenient way but is not attached at
the ends
It is fixed in such proportion to the end pieces that when the end pieces are
extended the covering shall be brought under tension the end pieces acting as
toggle levers efficiently for this purpose, but as the cloth covering is attached to
the upper edges of the side pieces and the side pieces are free except at the ends
where they are held in substantially vertical position by the end pieces and other
fastenings the weight of the person upon the cloth puts the side pieces under
torsional strain and causes them to act as springs, the amount of torsion and
consequently the amount of spring depending upon the nearness to the middle
of the bed and diminishing towards the ends
This makes a very simple and comfortable bed and may be collapsed The
flexible covering does not interfere with the folding of the bed or berth, the cavity
being made large enough to allow it to be stowed therein together with the side
and end pieces This will require the cavity to be slightly larger, about one half
inch at the top than the width of the side pieces
When the berth is folded into its place the cloth forms a packing for the frame
work and prevents any rattling The cavity for the upper berth should be enlarged
slightly in addition to that described in order to provide space for the covering of
the bottom of the berth The end pieces are set at a little distance from the ends
of the side pieces preferably about six inches, and in order to put the side pieces
under strain adjustable at pleasure I place a piece of cable across at the extreme
ends of the side pieces passing through holes in the lower corners thereof and for
adjustment provide an ordinary turn buckle in the centre of the cable This tends
to throw out the sides and resists the torsional action of the weight of the person
occupying the berth
The cavities in which the berths are folded are chamfered at the ends to
allow sufficient movement of the ends of the side pieces The bolts are not
placed at the extreme ends of the side pieces but a little way therefrom
and nearer to the end pieces A block is placed outside of the ends of the side
pieces equally overlapping both and through it bolts pass as well as the cable
which connects the ends of the side pieces This furnishes a more secure fastening
of the side of the bertb within the wall of the car Upon this block and upon the

page_text: extreme end of the outer side I place hooks for suspending the transverse partition
hereinafter more fully described The inner sides both of the upper and lower
berths are amply supported by their connections with the walls The upper berth
is supported on its outer side by a stout piece of cable which may be gilded or
3 ornamented in any suitable manner I prefer to attach it with the upper end
inclined towards the outside of the car with an upper point of attachment over the
centre of the berth when extended
This permits the berth to close without requiring the detachment of the cord
and as the cord may be ornamented in any suitable way it does not disfigure but
rather serves as an ornament to the car These cords also serve to support the front
edge of the transverse partitions or curtains between the upper berths The front
edge of the curtain is attached to the cord and the rear edge follows the course
and figure of the side of the car being attached thereto in any suitable manner This
curtain may be made of any ornamental material and I provide it also with a
fringe preferably one on each side curving from a point near the upper end of the
cable These fringes are so arranged that when the upper berth is folded into its
seat or cavity the cable which supports it will pass into the space between the two
fringes which as the operator puts up the berth he may arrange to hang on each
side of the cord forming a neat ornament for the car Thus when the berths are
folded nearly half of the transverse partition of the upper berths will remain in
place Any suitable locking devices may be used for securing the end pieces and
preventing them from collapsing
In order to prevent the outer side from oscillating or swinging longitudinally of
the car I provide diagonal braces or ties consisting of flexible wire cable which may
be ornamented like those heretofore described The lower ends may be attached
permanently to the end of the outside piece and the upper piece may be provided
with hooks for hooking it to an eye or some equivalent catch on the bracket As
these ties incline towards each other and are drawn taut before hooking they
prevent any longitudinal movement The berth may be lifted slightly in booking
these ties so as to compensate for any lost motion of the hook After the beds are
folded into their cavities in the wall of the car they are covered by a door hinged
at the lower edge and adapted when the berth is open to hang down out of the
way but when the berth is closed to close upon it and completely cover the opening
or cavity which receives the berth This covering or door may be finished in any
ornamental manner so as to resemble pannelling It will be understood as
heretofore intimated that the bottom of the upper berth is covered by some
ornamental cloth so as to give it a finished appearance from below The partition
between the upper and lower berths separating the sections, consists of slats,
hinged or otherwise attached to each other so as to be flexible and capable of
folding in the direction of its length The slats may be of any suitable width and
at the meeting edges should be made inclined so as to shut off all views between
the sections Suitable pockets may be attached to these slats by means of hinges
and flexible end pieces so as to fold against or into the slats These may be made
of thin sheet metal so as to fold into cavities in the slats and not increase the bulk
of the partition when it is folded Any number of these may be provided
according to the requirements of the case These partitions are suspended from the
upper berth by means of hooks heretofore described The lower berth differs from
the upper in respect to its support for the outer edge. As there is opportunity for
giving it direct support from the floor of the car I provide the outer side with legs
These legs are provided with a nearly circular head or disc connected to the side
piece upon the inside thereof by means of a suitable pin or bolt I do not however
rely upon the bolt as a support but place a block corresponding in shape to the
head of the leg and adapted to allow the leg to be extended or closed They may
be made of any suitable wood sufficiently strong or of metal They add slightly
to the thickness of the bed when it is folded and a corresponding increase must be
made in the depth of the cavity to receive it These legs are set slightly bracing
so that they support themselves against closing and also brace the berth against

page_text: any end wise movement on the outer side Small dowel pins may be provided for
the lower ends of the legs on the outside fitted to eyelets in the carpets and holes
in the floor whereby the legs are braced from slipping endway and any suitable
locking device may be applied to the upper end of the legs to prevent any move-
ment there In order to provide a receptacle for the partition I extend the cavity
downward within the wall of the car a sufficient distance and make the cavity
sufficiently large to receive the partition when folded The partition is folded and
introduced into the cavity before the lower berth is collapsed As it drops into its
place, the lower berth may be folded into its cavity the covering thereof properly
adjusted and the door brought up and secured into its place as described for the
upper berth All this framework of the berths may be made of wood, but I do not
confine myself to this material Any suitable sheet metal may be advantageously
used for the purpose with the additional benefit of occupying less space
The addition to the weight is not detrimental because the berths are not to be lifted
but are simply to be drawn out horizontally and may be supported by the attendant
without difficulty as he draws them out Instead of the flexible sides I may use
rigid sides and a flexible wire mattress or other elastic covering or the covering
may be of ordinary cloth with suitable springs along the edges These details may
be varied greatly without departing from the spirit of my invention It will be
apparent from the description heretofore given that the slats such as are ordinarily
used in sleeping cars are not necessary in this system nor indeed are any kind of
seats required either to form a support of the berth or to constitute any part of
their structure and this is the distinguishing feature of the invention It follows
as a matter of course that any chairs of the ordinary form such as are used in
drawing room cars may be used in my improved car it being only necessary that
the top should be detachable from the bottom so as to allow the lower berth to be
drawn out over the chair The same result may be obtained by hinging the backs
so as to cause them to fold down When using a seat more closely approximating
the ordinary form, the berths may be detachable from the walls so that they can
be folded up and stored in any convenient part of the car The cot or berth is the
same as that heretofore described The upper berth is connected to the wall of the
car by hooks and is supported at the outer edge by a wire rope The lower berth
may be attached to the wall in the same manner as the upper but the outer edge is
supported upon the seats For this purpose I make the back of the seat detachable
the said back being held in place by dowels so that this back may be altogether
removed and placed underneath
The end piece of the seat may be swung down and when so swung down the
outer side of the berth has firm support upon the edge
The lower berth instead of being attached to the car may simply be placed
directly upon the seats so as to be wholly supported thereby This detachable bed
may be used in other situations wherever a light portable bed is required It may
be provided on both sides with legs such as those previously described when it will
be complete in itself as a cot bed capable of folding into a very small compass

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Philip Middleton Justice in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
8th December 1882.
PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 14 Southampton Buildings in the County of
Middlesex Patent Agent IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY CARS OR CARRIAGES AND
IN BEDS OR COTS TO BE USED THEREIN, PART OF THE INVENTION BEING APPLICABLE
TO BEDS OR COTS TO BE USED IN OTHER PLACES A communication to me from
abroad by Melvin Batchlor Church of Grand Rapids, County of Kent, State of
Michigan United States of America
This Invention relates to the berths and seats of sleeping cars, and is in part
applicable to the staterooms of steamers and other water craft It includes also an
improved form of cot which may be used in any situation where an ordinary
folding cot is desirable The object of the invention is first to provide a cot or bed
adapted to collapse into small compass, whereby it is specially applicable for use
upon sleeping cars or carriages but is also useful in other situations
My object is further to arrange this collapsible cot or bed in a railway car in
such connection with the seats that pivoted or moveable chairs may be used, or
seats with moveable backs, instead of the ordinary fixed backs of seats facing each
other in pairs as in the ordinary sleeping cars I have designed in the third place
to simplify the construction and provide the most convenient means for carrying
out the general principle of my invention
To clearly explain the invention and how the same may be practically employed
reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form part of this
specification and in which Fig 1 represents a side elevation of the interior of the
car provided with my invention and showing the car arranged for day use. Fig 2
represents a transverse section of the car one side of which is represented as
arranged for day use and the other for night use Fig 3 represents the interior of
the car with the upper and lower berths extended, the curtains and coverings
being removed to show the details of construction. Fig 4 shows a plan view of
the berths illustrating the details of construction connected with the berth Fig 5.
represents the berth as closed or collapsed showing also the details
Fig 6 shows
minor details; Fig 7 shows the inside of the wall of a modified form of a car with
the seats in side elevation; Fig 8 shows a transverse section of this form and
Figs 9 and 10 the details of the cot or bed
The main feature of the invention is the collapsible berth or cot represented
at A The berth, in plan view is shown in Fig 4 which is hereinafter more
particularly described, but in general terms it may be said that it is capable of
collapsing sideways towards the side of the car in which is formed a suitable
receptacle B adapted to receive it In all the main elements the berths are the
same whether upper or lower, and the receptacles in which they are folded are
similar for both It is essential to this invention that the berths should be adapted
to collapse and fold within the receptacle or against the wall of the car and when
extended should offer a rigid support to the bed, but the details of construction in
respect to this collapsible berth may of course be greatly varied In the form
which is shown and which is found to be the most convenient, the berth is formed
of two side pieces a, b, which are extended and held apart by means of end
pieces c. c. Preferably these end pieces are made in two parts as shown more
clearly in Fig 4, the two parts being strongly hinged together and also hinged to
the side pieces as shown at 1 and 2. 2. It will be apparent that with this form of
end piece, the end pieces may be folded inwardly and the outer side piece a may

page_text: be brought up snugly towards the inner side piece b with the end pieces folded
between the two The inner side piece b is secured within a cavity in the side of
the car by means of bolts 3. 3. as shown in Fig 4 These bolts it will be observed
are placed near the ends and the middle part of all that part of the side piece
inside of the end pieces is left free. The purpose of this is to allow the torsional
spring of the side pieces to be transmitted to the flexible covering of the bed.
These side pieces are formed of ordinary plank from five to eight inches in width
and from three fourths to an inch and a half in thickness and of a length required
for an ordinary bed Upon the top of this framework of the bed is attached the
covering D This consists of any suitable kind of stout cloth adapted to sustain
the weight of a person It is attached to the upper edges of the side pieces on
the outside thereof preferably by tacking or in any other convenient way,
but is not attached at the ends It is fixed in such proportion to the end
pieces, that when the end pieces are extended the covering shall be brought
under tension, the end pieces acting as toggle levers efficiently for this
purpose, but as the cloth covering is attached to the upper edges of the side
pieces and the side pieces are free except at the ends, where they are held in
substantially vertical position by the end-pieces and other fastenings, the weight
of the person upon the cloth puts the side pieces under torsional strain, and
causes them to act as springs, the amount of torsion and consequently the amount
of spring depending upon the nearness to the middle of the bed and diminishing
towards the ends This makes a very simple and comfortable bed and may be
collapsed The flexible covering does not interfere with the folding of the bed or
berth the cavity being made large enough to allow it to be stowed therein together
with the side and end pieces This will require the cavity to be slightly larger,
about one half inch at the top and bottom than the width of the side pieces
When the berth is folded into its place, the cloth forms a packing for the frame-
work and prevents any rattling The cavity for the upper berth should be
enlarged slightly in addition to that described in order to provide space for the
covering of the bottom of the berth It will be observed that the end pieces are
set at a little distance from the ends of the side pieces, preferably about six
inches, and in order to put the side pieces under strain adjustable at pleasure I
place a piece of cable across at the extreme ends of the side pieces passing through
holes in the lower corners thereof and for adjustment provide an ordinary turn
buckle in the centre of the cable. This tends to throw out the sides, and resists
the torsional action of the weight of the person occupying the berth The cavities
in which the berths are folded are chamfered at the ends as shown at 5 to allow
sufficient movement of the ends of the side pieces b. The bolts 3 are not placed
at the extreme ends of the side pieces but a little way therefrom and nearer to
the end pieces A block 6 is placed outside of the ends of the side pieces equally
overlapping both and through it the bolts 3. 3. pass, as well as the cable which
connects the ends of the side pieces This furnishes a more secure fastening of the
side of the berth within the wall of the car. Upon this block and upon the
extreme end of the outer side a I place hooks 7. 7. for suspending the transverse
partition hereinafter more fully described The inner sides both of the upper and
lower berths are amply supported by their connections with the walls The upper
berth is supported on its outer side by a stout piece of cable 8 which may be
gilded or ornamented in any suitable manner. I prefer to attach it in the manner
shown in Figs 2 and 3 that is to say, with the upper end inclined towards the
outside of the car with an upper point of attachment over the centre of the berth
when extended This permits the berth to close without requiring the detachment
of the cord, and as the cord may be ornamented in any suitable way it does not
disfigure but rather serves as an ornament to the car
These cords also serve to support the front edge of the transverse partitions or
curtains between the upper berths. This curtain is shown in Fig 2 on the right
hand side as extended and on the left hand side as folded with the berth
It is indicated on the right hand side at e The front edge of the curtain is

page_text: attached to the cord and the rear edge follows the course and figure of the side of
the car, being attached thereto in any suitable manner. This curtain may be
made of any ornamental material and I provide it also with a fringe preferably
one on each side curving from a point near the upper end of the cable as shown
at f Fig 2
These fringes are so arranged that when the upper berth is folded into its seat
or cavity, the cable which supports it will pass into the space between the two
fringes, which as the operator puts up the berth he may arrange to hang on each
side of the cord forming a neat ornament for the car
Thus when the berths are
folded, nearly half of the transverse partition of the upper berths will remain in
place as shown on the left at g in Fig 2. Any suitable locking devices may be
used for securing the end pieces and preventing them from collapsing In order
to prevent the outer side a from oscillating or swinging longitudinally of the
car, I provide diagonal braces or ties consisting of flexible wire cable which
may be ornamented like those heretofore described They are shown in Fig 3 at h.
The lower ends may be attached permanently to the end of the outside piece a and
the upper piece may be provided with hooks for hooking it to an eye or some
equivalent catch on the bracket i. As these ties incline towards each other and
are drawn taut before hooking, they prevent any longitudinal movement The
berth may be lifted slightly in hooking these ties, so as to compensate for any lost
motion of the hook After the beds are folded into their cavities in the wall of
the car they are covered by a door. k. hinged at the lower edge and adapted, when
the berth is open to hang down out of the way, but when the berth is closed to
close upon it, and completely cover the opening or cavity which receives the berth.
This covering or door may be finished in any ornamental manner so as to resemble
panelling It will be understood as heretofore intimated that the bottom of the
upper berth is covered by some ornamental cloth, so as to give it a finished
appearance from below The partition between the upper and lower berths
separating the sections is shown at E It consists of slats hinged or otherwise
attached to each other so as to be flexible and capable of folding in the direction
of its length.
The slats may be of any suitable width and at the meeting edges
should be made inclined so all to shut off all views between the sections Suitable
pockets may be attached to these slats by means of binges and flexible end
l
pieces so as to fold against or into the slats These may be made of thin sheet
metal, so as to fold into cavities in the slats, and not increase the bulk of the
partition when it is folded Any number of these may be provided according to
the requirements of the case These partitions are suspended from the upper berth
by means of hooks heretofore described The lower berth differs from the upper
in respect to its support for the outer edge. As there is opportunity for giving it
direct support from the floor of the car I provide the outer side a with legs m
which are shown more clearly in Figs 3 and 6 These legs are provided with a nearly
circular head or disc connected to the side piece upon the inside thereof by means
of a suitable pin or bolt I do not however rely upon the bolt as a support, but place
a block n corresponding in shape to the head of the leg, and adapted to allow the
leg to be extended or closed as shown in Fig 6 These legs are shown as folded in
Fig 5 They may be made of any suitable wood sufficiently strong, or of metal
They add slightly to the thickness of the bed when it is folded, and a corresponding
increase must be made in the depth of the cavity to receive it These legs are set
slightly bracing so that they support themselves against closing and also brace the
berth against any endwise movement on the outer side Small dowel pins may be
provided for the lower ends of the legs on the outside fitted to eyelets in the
carpets and holes in the floor whereby the legs are braced from slipping endway
and any suitable locking device may be applied to the upper end of the legs to
prevent any movement there In order to provide a receptacle for the partition E
I extend the cavity B downward within the wall of the car a sufficient distance
and make the cavity sufficiently large to receive the partition when folded
This is shown at e¹ in Fig 2. The partition E is folded and introduced into the

page_text: cavity before the lower berth is collapsed. As it drops into its place, the lower
berth may be folded into its cavity, the covering thereof properly adjusted and the
door brought up and secured into its place as described for the upper berth. All
this framework of the berths may be made of wood, but I do not confine myself to
this material. Any suitable sheet metal may be advantageously used for the
purpose with the additional benefit of occupying less space. The addition to the
weight is not detrimental because the berths are not to be lifted, but are simply to
be drawn out horizontally, and may be supported by the attendant without
difficulty as he draws them out. Instead of the flexible sides I may use rigid sides
and a flexible wire mattrass or other elastic covering or the covering may be of
ordinary cloth with suitable springs along the edges These details may be varied
greatly without departing from the spirit of my invention
It will be apparent from the description heretofore given that the slats such as
are ordinarily used in sleeping cars are not necessary in this system nor indeed are
any kind of seats required either to form a support of the berth, or to constitute
any part of their structure, and this is the distinguishing feature of my invention
It follows as a matter of course that any chairs of the ordinary form, such as are
used in drawing room cars, may be used in my improved car it being only necessary
that the top should be detachable from the bottom, so as to allow the lower berth
to be drawn out over the chair The same result may be obtained by hinging the
backs so as to cause them to fold down In Figs 1 and 2 an ordinary form of
chair for drawing room cars is shown. The construction is substantially the same
as such chairs except that the top o is detachable from the base P, the top being
held to the bottom by means of suitable dowels entering holes in the edge thereof
As represented, the top consists of the back, arms and seat entire and when
detached, this upper part may be laid down as shown on the right hand of Fig 2,
over the base entirely out of the way so that the lower berth may be drawn out
without interference there with As the top may be placed upon the base, ample
space will be left under the berth for hand baggage Instead of the chairs with
detachable or folding tops ordinary chairs may be used, and may be removed to
another part of the car, when the car is to be converted into a sleeper. I propose
to use the same kind of curtains suspended from the rod i¹, so as to hang in front
of the berths, as usual with sleeping cars as ordinarily constructed. These curtains,
there being two for each berth, may be folded to a proper length and stowed into
the space in the middle of the closed berth, between the side and the collapsed end
pieces They may be put into place just before the berth is closed wholly into its
recess This provides for stowage for all the necessary parts except the pillows,
blankets and sheets, no mattrass being ordinarily required As it sometimes
happens that two persons desire to occupy the same berth, in order to prevent
sagging in the middle, extra pillows shoved into a long case to be placed in the
centre of the berth may be used Suitable closets may be provided in another part
of the car for the pillows and other bed clothing When the partitions are all
closed and the sides set up in their places the car is not distinguishable from an
ordinary palace chair car. The receptacles for the berths when closed by the
covers need not project more than two and a half inches at the most under and
above the windows, and this may be finished with any suitable beading so as to
relieve the projection As the upper berth does not fold upward in the manner of
the ordinary sleeping car I am enabled to use the same kind of racks as those used
in the ordinary day car It will also be apparent that this berth as it does not
involve the manipulation of the numerous parts used by the lower berth in an
ordinary sleeping car, may be very readily drawn out, and as readily pushed back
into place, and the car be much more readily converted from a day into a night
car Figs 7 and 8 show the improved bed applied in a somewhat different manner
to a car and with a different form of seat When using a seat more closely
approximating the ordinary form, the berths may be detachable from the walls so
that they can be folded up and stored in any convenient part of the car The cot
or berth is the same as that heretofore described The upper_berth as shown in

page_text: Fig 8 is connected to the wall of the car by hooks, and is supported at the outer
edge by a wire rope The lower berth may be attached to the wall in the same
manner as the upper but the outer edge is supported upon the seats For this
purpose I make the back of the seat detachable the said back being held in place
by dowels as shown at 4 and 5 of Fig 7 so that this back may be altogether
removed and placed underneath as shown on the right hand in Fig 8 The end
piece of the seat may be swung down as shown in Figs 7 and 8 and when so swung
down the outer side of the berth has firm support upon the edge The lower berth
instead of being attached to the car may simply be placed directly upon the seats
so as to be wholly supported thereby The berths may be fixed as shown in Fig 9,
for storage This modification may be used where it is not desirable to use the
chairs heretofore described Fig 10 shows the bed extended for use. This detachable
bed may be used in other situations wherever a light portable bed is required It
may be provided on both sides with legs such as those previously described, when
it will be complete in itself as a cot bed capable of folding into very small compass
Having thus described the invention of my foreign correspondent and how the
same may be practically employed What I claim and desire to secure by Letters
Patent is
1st In a sleeping car and in combination, a collapsible berth having side pieces
one of which is directly attached to the side of the car, moveable end pieces for
holding the outer side pieces in extended position, devices for supporting the outer
side of the berth, whereby the berth may be collapsed by horizontal movement
upon or into the side of the car, all substantially as described and set forth
2nd In a sleeping car and in combination a collapsible lower berth having sido
pieces and moveable end pieces adapted to hold the outer side extended or to
permit it to collapse upon the inner, devices for securing the inner side to the car,
supporting devices for the outer side, and removable seats or backs, all as described
and set forth
3rd In a sleeping car, a collapsible berth, consisting of a side piece b attached to
the car within the cavity of the wall thereof, hinged end pieces, and an outer
moveable side a, in combination with a suitable cover and suitable supporting
devices for the outer side, all substantially as described
4th The combination in a sleeping car of the upper berth adapted to collapse or
fold sideways against or into the wall of the car, supporting cables and end curtains
attached thereto, forming the division between the sections for the upper berths, as
set forth and described
5th In a sleeping car, the combination of a lower berth collapsible or folding
into or upon the wall, and supported upon adjustable legs, and an upper berth
collapsible or folding against or into the wall and supported at its outer edge by
cords attached to the ceiling substantially as described
6th In a sleeping car the combination of an upper and lower berth collapsible
sideways into or upon the wall of the car, and a flexible removable partition E,
held detachably to the berths by suitable fastenings, all as set forth
7th In a railway car, fixed seats having removable backs and hinged ends in
combination with the described collapsible bed or cot, having flexible covering and
adapted to rest on said seats and to extend over or beyond them, all substantially
as described.
8th In a railway car and in combination, fixed seats having removable backs, a
lower berth consisting of the collapsible frame having flexible covering, adapted to
rest on said seats, and an upper berth composed of the collapsible frame and
flexible covering with lugs and holes for connection with the car, and cords to
support the outer edge, substantially as described and set forth
9th A frame for cot beds and the like consisting of spring side pieces formed of
elastic board set on edge, end pieces adapted to hold said side pieces in vertical
position, and a cloth or flexible covering attached to the upper edge of said side
pieces, all as set forth
10th The side frames-a b formed of elastic boards set on edge, hinged end pieces

page_text: c. c., and covering of cloth or other flexible material attached to the edge of the side
frames substantially as and for the purposes set forth
11th The combination of the side pieces a. b formed of elastic boards set on
edge end pieces adapted to extend said side pieces, flexible covering attached to the
upper edge of said side pieces, and the removable legs adapted to the cleats on the
outside as set forth
12th In combination with the side pieces of a cot bed, bench or like structure
the folding leg formed with a partly rounded end, and the block n fitted thereto
adapted to bear against the leg and limit its movement, all as described and set
forth
13th The combination of the side pieces, the partly rounded leg and block fitted
thereto, and the cross pieces adapted to brace against the legs, all as herein
described
14th The combination of the spring sides, folding transverse cross pieces uniting
said side pieces near the ends thereof, and the transverse cords adjustably attached
to the lower corners substantially as described and set forth
In Witness whereof I the said Philip Middleton Justice have hereunto set my
hand and seal this eighth day of December in the year of Our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty two
Signed sealed and delivered
in the presence of
ALLEN P JONES
53 Chancery Lane
London WC
PHILIP M. JUSTICE
(L.S.)