IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRINTING OR STAINING WOVEN FABRICS, WARPS, PAPER, AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the Firm of Hughes
and Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRINTING OR
STAINING WOVEN FABRICS, WARPS, PAPER, AND OTHER ARTICLES."—A com-
munication from abroad by Joseph Kien, of Lyons, in the Empire of
France.
Sealed the 3rd July 1868, and dated the 9th January 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th January 1863.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 128, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of tho
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRINTING OR
STAINING WOVEN FABRICS, WARPS, PAPER, AND OTHER ARTICLES," a communi-
cation to me from abroad by Joseph Kien, of Lyons, in the Empire of France,
to be as follows:-.
This Invention consists of a suitable frame of iron or other metal, the sides
of which are connected by tie rods and bolts to keep it firm, and prevent the
sides giving way with the pressure or operation.
Between the right and left side of the frame there is a tie piece, and on the

page_text: left side a trundle shaft or cylinder with pins to sketch the desired pattern or
design, and also projecting pieces to keep the material to its full width. For
some patterns the cylinder turns its whole circumference, and for others only
one-half, the pins being regulated by a lever which slides, and bas attached to
it a handle, the said lever being fixed to the tie rod on the right side of the
frame, there being a similar tie rod on the left side. A table on which
the material to be operated on rests slides in grooves, and is moved by
rollers with conical keys or blocks and screws, by which are regulated the
pads or cushions attached to the cylinders, for the purpose of giving the
requisite pressure on the material which receives the pattern or design.
The said table is covered with woollen cloth or other suitable material, over
which is an oilcloth, the woollen cloth and oilcloth being kept in their
proper place by a comb on the right-hand side of the table, and on the
left-hand side a wooden roller, which is also provided with a comb and
ratchet to keep the cloths at full stretch. The table is also recessed at its sides
in order to receive the edges of the cloths, and thus regulate the tension of
them as required. On the slides of the table are six shuffle boards, three on
each side, to receive the frame when the impression is being taken, *shafts or
spindles being attached to the frame at each end, which are also provided with
shuffle boards with a base to maintain the frame in its proper place, and stop
pieces to arrest its motion when necessary. The said frame has conical 'bearings
to receive the moveable table on which the material to be printed' or stained is
spread, and is prevented moving in the direction of its breadth by the shuffle
boards, the frame being immoveable. On the frame is also fixed a fabric to
serve as a lining, and prevent stains on the materials being printed. On an
indicator is placed a plate, which is turned by a shaft and screw above the framing,
and also two pullies, which turn one to the right and the other to the left by
means of bands or gearing for the purpose of moving the carriage backwards
and forwards which carries the feeder to supply the necessary coloring matter,
to give the design or pattern required. The said carriage or feeder has four
shuffle boards with grooves to prevent them getting out of their 'places when
travelling. There are racks on the slides, for the purpose of drawing 'and
distributing the colors to the designs, and two frames resting on the carriage or
feeder, which place and unplace themselves, in order to 'change the colors; they
have also each on its own side tie pieces, which cause them to rest upon the
pads or cushions placed upon the feeder or carriage; there are also two 'pres-
sure screws on the opposite side of the tie piece, 'to raise 'the framing and
regulate the pressure required to give the designs. Upon the framing is a
joint, made of two tie pieces fastened with 'iron pins, 'to which is 'attached one

page_text: or more cylinders, according to the number of colors, the said cylinders being
covered with woollen cloth, and having on one side a spindle which dips into
the color cistern, when the cylinder turns and equalizes the colors. To regu-
late the supply of the coloring matter, the cylinders are pressed against each
other by screws in order to give the required pressure. There are also rollers
to absorb the superfluous coloring matter.
The said machine or apparatus is applicable to printing the warps used in
making pile fabrics, as well as woven fabrics, paper, drugget, felt, and other
similar articles.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 9th July 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents, 123,
Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edward Thomas Hughes, Her special licence, that I, the said Edward
Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRINTING OR STAINING WOVEN
FABRICS, WARPS, PAPER, AND OTHER ARTICLES," a communication to me from
abroad by Joseph Kien, of Lyons, in the Empire of France, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
'
This Invention consists of a suitable frame of iron or other metal,
the sides of which are connected by tie rods and bolts to keep it firm and
prevent the sides giving way with the pressure or operation.
.
Between the right and left side of the frame there is a tie piece, and on the
left side a trundle shaft or cylinder with pins to sketch the desired pattern or
design, and also projecting pieces to keep the material to its full width. For
some patterns the cylinder turns its full circumference, and for others only
one-half, the pins being regulated by a lever which slides up and down, and
has attached to it a handle. A table on which the material to be operated on
rests, slides in grooves, and is moved on rollers with conical keys or blocks
and screws, by which are regulated the pads or cushions attached to the
cylinders for the purpose of giving the requisite pressure on the material which
receives the pattern or design. The said table is covered with woollen cloth
or other suitable material, over which is an oil or waxed cloth, the two cloths
being kept in their proper place by a comb on the right-hand side of the table,
and on the left-hand side a wooden roller which is also provided with a comb
and ratchet to keep the cloths at full stretch. The table is also recessed at
its sides in order to receive the edges of the cloths and thus regulate the tension
of them as required. On the slides of the table are six small rollers, three on
each side, to receive the frame when the impression is being taken, shafts or
spindles being attached to the frame at each end, which are also provided with
rollers with a base to maintain the frame in its proper place and stop pieces to
arrest its motion when necessary. The said frame has conical bearings to
receive the moveable table on which the material to be printed or stained is
spread, and is prevented moving in the direction of its breadth by the rollers,
the frame which holds the rollers being immoveable. On the frame is also
fixed a fabric to serve as a lining and prevent stains on the materials being
printed. On an indicator is placed a plate which is turned by a shaft and
handle above the framing, and also two pullies which turn one to the right
and the other to the left, by means of bands. or gearing, for the purpose of
moving the carriage backwards and forwards which carries the feeder to supply
the necessary colouring matter to give the design or pattern required. The
said carriage or feeder has four rollers with grooves to prevent them getting
out of their places when travelling. There are racks on the slides for the
purpose of drawing and distributing the colours to the designs, and two frames

page_text: resting on the carriage or feeder which place and unplace themselves in order
to change the colours; they have also each on its own side tie pieces, which
cause them to rest upon the pads or cushions placed upon the feeder;
there are also two pressure screws on the opposite side of the tie piece
to raise the framing and regulate the pressure required to give the design.
Upon the framing is a joint made of two tie pieces fastened with iron
pins, to which is attached one or more cylinders according to the number of.
colours, the said cylinders being covered with woollen cloth, and having on
one side a spindle which dips into the colour cistern when the cylinder turus
and equalizes the colours. To regulate the supply of the colouring matter the
cylinders are pressed against each other by screws in order to give the required,
pressure. There are also roilers to absorb the superfluous colouring matter.
The said machine or apparatus is applicable to printing the warps used in
making pile fabrics as well as woven fabrics, paper, drugget, felt, and other
similar articles.
These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the Figures
and letters on the accompanying seven Sheets of Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of one arrangement of the improved machinery
for printing fabrics, such as handkerchiefs or similar articles; Figs. 2 and 3
detached elevations of parts of the same; Fig. 4 an elevation of the left side
of the manchine at the arrow (1), Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a plan at the arrow (2)
Fig. 1. Figs. 6, 7, and 9, are plans of parts of the same; Fig. 10 is a front
elevation of the arrangement of the machinery or apparatus for shawls,
poplins, dresses, ribbons, oil cloth, paper, or other articles; Fig. 11, a
detached plan of part of the same; Fig. 12, a plan of Fig. 10 at the
arrows (3); and Fig. 8, Sheet 4, and Fig. 18, Sheet 5, a detached plan of
part of the same.
· In Figs. 1, 4, and 5, A, B, and C, represent the standards or vertical
frames of the machine; they are bolted to the foundation and have tie rods D
and tie frames E and K bolted to them to hold them firmly together and
maintain all the parts of the framework in their proper positions. At the left
side of the machine there is a shaft F carrying a lantern or trundle wheel,
the needles or pins I of which are employed for working the apparatus which
stretches the fabric or material. The cylinder for handkerchiefs and similar
articles turn an entire circumference, but for broches and other fabrics only
one half. G represents a lever which regulates the action of the needles I,
holding the material at the position to be printed. This lever moves up and
down and vibrates on a stud fixed to the upper tie frame; L are cylinders
or long rollers on which the table N is mounted, which cylinders have

page_text: bearings provided with wedges and screws M in order to regulate the exact height
of the table N, which receives the tissues and the application of the designs.
This table has iron slides extending its entire length, and bound together on the
right side by a cross bar O, which has projections for sliding on the cylinders L.
On the left side of the table there is a rod P for regulating the width of the slides.
The table N is covered with a woollen cloth, having upon it a waxen
or oilcloth. At the right side of the table N is fixed a comb for holding the
two cloths, and on its left side there is a wooden roller Q having teeth like a
comb for stretching the two cloths, the roller being provided with a ratchet
wheel and catches. To the table N are adapted or fixed pins with eyes upon
all its faces to receive the threads of the cloths, so as to facilitate the tension
of the cloths as desired. Upon the slides of the table N are six rollers R,
three of which on each face are intended to receive an iron frame H, resting
upon the frames I when the impression is being made on the material. Upon
the frame I spindles are fixed, on which are placed the rollers R, having
grooves for keeping the frame H to its proper width. The frames I are fixed
to the foundation by bolts, and have on their extremities a stay or stopper, to
withold the frame H, upon each side of which is placed a rack, which rests
upon the rollers R and gears into the trundle wheel on the shaft F. The
frame has conical supports J for the frame S, upon which is stretched the
tissue to be printed. The supports J give a fixed point to the frame S. The
rollers R with their grooves have the effect of guiding the frame H, to prevent
it moving transversely. The frame H is moveable, but the frame S is im-
moveable upon the frame H by means of the supports J. Upon the frame H
is fixed a tissue, which serves as a lining, to prevent the tissue being printed
from being stained when it gets out of its place by the widening of the needles I.
The frame H after having performed its work releases itself from the trundle
wheel for the purpose of releasing the needles I, so as to make it easy to
fasten and unfasten the tissue upon the frame S. T represents the four-quarter
special indicator; upon this indicator is a turning plate moved by a handle
and shaft. U are two pullies which work or turn, one to the right and the
other to the left, by gut bands covered with a thread of copper or brass. V is
a pulley upon which travel cords, to bring and take back the colouring feeder
or carriage, which colour attaches to the designs. The shaft of the pulley V
has a crank or handle, and the pulley V has two grooves in its circumference;
this pulley brings forward the feeder or carriage, and the half of the cords
wind up and the other half unwind themselves, in order to bring backwards
and forwards the feeder or carriage by means of a small pulley X, which is
placed in the centre at the right-hand end of the machine. Y is a tie frame

page_text: upon which is mounted a pulley V; Z, a chain with pins and eyes for fixing
the table N. A' is a feeder or carriage having four rollers, each of which bas
a groove to prevent them getting out of their places when travelling. B' are
slides which guide the feeder or carriage, they have each a groove and rack,
the grooves receive the rollers of the feeder or carriage A¹. The slides B are
screwed upon the standards A, B, C, which have each a support, upon which
rests the slides B¹, so that there is no weight upon the screws which bind
together all the frames of the machine. The racks upon the slides B¹ are for
the purpose of drawing the feeder and thereby distributing the colours to the
designs. C¹are two frames resting upon the feeder or carriage A¹. The
frames C¹ shift to and fro to change the colours; they have on each of their
sides iron tie frames, which rest upon supports placed upon the carriage or
feeder A. The frames C¹ have each two pressure screws on the opposite side
of the tie piece L'; these screws raise and lower the frames C¹ to give more
or less pressure to the colours on the designs. Upon the frames C¹ is hinged
a frame D¹, made of two tie pieces fastened with iron rods N¹. The frame D¹
has a cylinder E¹ for one colour only, and two cylinders for two colours, and
more according to the number of colours required. These cylinders E¹ are
covered with woollen cloth, and have at the end a toothed wheel F¹. When
the cylinder E¹ turns it comes in contact with brushes for equalizing the
colours. G¹ are cisterns containing the colours. H³ are cylinders placed upon
the frames C¹; these cylinders H¹ have toothed wheels J¹ and dip in the
cisterns G¹. The cylinders H¹ and the wheels J¹ roll upon the racks by the
motion of the feeder or carriage A¹ upon the slides B', which cause the cylin-
ders E' and H to move with the brushes M', and thereby equalize the colours
on the cylinders E'. To give more or less supply of colours the cylinders E'
are pressed as required against the cylinders H' by two screws fixed at the
extremity of the frame D'. Upon the frame C' are mounted rollers K¹ to take
away the superfluous colours upon the cylinders H', which dip in the cisterns
G. The cylinders E' turn to the right when they advance, and to the left
when they return. The supplying cylinders E'.and H' are moveable by the
feeder or carriage A'. O' is a shaft having a crank and two chain wheels P¹,
which gear into the chain Q¹; this shaft O' and the wheels P¹ are mounted
upon the frames A. The teeth of the wheels P¹ enter links of the chains Qin
order to move four levers T. R' are eight small pullies and S' are two others
working on pins in the frame A. The chains Qare linked to the levers T¹ to put
them in motion; the chains Q' bear upon the ten pullies R' and S¹. The
chains Q'an levers T" rise and fall together by the turning of the wheels P';
this is to draw the chains for the purpose of giving the pressure and causing the

page_text: designs to rise to the required height. The levers T are regulated by screws and
nuts U³, and to the chains Q' are fixed four pieces V₁ provided with screws
and nuts for maintaining the proper tension of the chains. On one side of
the levers T¹ are placed two counterweights X¹ to counterbalance the weight
of the mechanism and levers T¹, so as to regulate the movements and turning
of the designs. The levers T' are jointed by links to the frames Y', and are
held by pins and nuts; each link is fixed to cross pieces A". These cross
pieces pass through a trap or door in the frame B"; this trap or door slides
against the frame A, to which are screwed four grooved slides C" to give a
sliding motion to the trap or door B". Upon this trap or door are plates D",
each of which has two trunnions which rest on bearings on each side, in order
to turn the designs from the top to the bottom by a half turn of the plates D",
see Fig. 7, in which G₁ represents the design, and E", Fig. 8, the mode of
placing them. The two plates Du turn upon each other, and there are two
tightening keys F" upon each plate. The keys F" are used so as to fix the
plates Du to prevent them moving; upon each of these plates D" there is
another plate or bed G" fixed to a vertical shaft, and when fixed each
shaft passes through the turning plates D"; each of these shafts carry a bevil
wheel T", each carrying a square plate H" to fix the designs for the quarter
turn. Each square H is fixed to its quarter by a spring L", and each
spring L" enters angle to angle in the square plates H". The besil wheels T"
cause the beds G" to turn at the time the designs are lifted, and are ready to
be impressed with the colours. The springs J" yield by the pressure of the
frame N, but only when the trap or door B" rises, and the bevil wheels T"
are in gear, and the movement of the levers T are arrested; it is then the
colours spread themselves to the designs, and when the designs have received
them, the regulator K" is turned one quarter, and the trap or door B" falls.
The springs J" catch in the square plates H", and give a fixed point to the
designs, so that the impression may be made on the tissues. Each bed Gu
has two designs of two different colours. The designs are held in the follow-
ing manner: Each design board is pierced with four holes on the back for
four fastenings, which are fixed in the bed roller G" (see Figs. 7 and 8);
these fastenings are of a conical shape. The designs are fastened by screws
or keys; each bed G" has four small puilies or rollers to keep them steady
when turning. The pullies rest on the turning plates D", each of which has
a groove into which the pullies work; the pullies prevent unsteadiness in
the beds G. When each bed has given the first application of its quarter, it
does not turn to give a second, though if they have received the colour for that
purpose, each make a quarter turn (as is demonstrated by the regulator K"),

page_text: and after the tissues are printed, the trap or door B" is lifted, and the regu-
lator K" is fixed upon No. 1, as shewn in the Drawing, so that the designs
take always the same colours. The regulator K" is composed of four parts or
numbers, giving indication of the quarters; this indicator turns by two handles
L", and upon it are also placed the two bevil wheels T". The two toothed
wheels M" gear into a chain, so that when making a quarter turn, the regulator
K" turns at the same time. The numbers marked on the frame A are to control
the impressions so as not to make a mistake with the remaining impression to
be performed. The numbers on the turning plate T are hid, and when all
four are hid the tissues are printed. Each operation apply four colours upon
two handkerchiefs, or two upon each, the same as upon two different designs
(one for each handkerchief.) After these operations are performed, the
tissues are removed by the trundle wheels on the shaft F, which places then
at their proper width by means of the needles I; the tissues are placed upon
the frames H, S. T, the four quarter indicator, is reversed (as the plan
shews); N is a cast-iron frame, upon which is the indicator K" and the
bevil wheels T"; this frame N" moves, as on a railroad, upon six pullies or
rollers O", which run upon the iron slides I" screwed against the frames A
and Y. The frame N is removed to change the designs; it stops at a fixed
point, the designs are changed, and the frame is brought back to its proper
place, and the locking pieces P" placed on either side are tightened; these
locking pieces tighten upon the frame A to give a fixed point to the frame N".
This frame N has two projections by which the frame is placed and dis-
placed. Upon the frame N" are eight vertical rods R" working up and
down, and sliding in guides or grooves S"; each rod R" is crossed by a
horizontal shaft X", upon the left end of which there is a toothed wheel.
This shaft X" has four eccentrics V at the required distances apart; each
eccentric V has a counterweight. The eccentrics V₁ cause the rods R" to
strike and press the beds G; each pulley or roller U" causes the rotation of
the eccentrics V". At the extremities of the rods R" are to screws' to
regulate their length for giving more or less pressure. Y" is a shaft with 4
toothed wheel and crank to give motion to the eccentrics V", and rods
R", Z", are tie pieces in the frame A to prevent the lifting of the frame N".
Figs. 8, 10, 11, 12, and 13 represent the machinery for shawls, dresses,
poplins, ribbons, and oilcloth, and other articles. The universal beds A¹¹ for
these articles differ from those for bandkerchiefs; those for shawls are squared,
and their angles cut (as shewn in Fig. 8 at A".) The fastenings shewn by
the arrows are for the purpose of fixing the designs. The holes shown in
the beds A are for passing the screws that tighten the designs, (this syste.n

page_text: is applied to dresses, poplins, and oilcloths.) One or more colours can be
applied at once, and the manner in which the frames are placed, every kind
of impression can be imparted by giving a half turn to the designs or engravings
so as to take the colours from the frame. If it is wished to avoid the half
turn, the frames are to be placed crossways instead of longitudinally. The
beds B, shewn detached in Fig. 8, make a half turn to take the colour for
dresses and shawls; they return upon themselves when preparing dresses with
several colours.
The frame C, Fig. 13, prepares the tissues to print the dresses. Upon
this frame C there are three cylinders E, F, G. The cylinder E¹¹¹ rolls
up the tissue before the impression. The cylinder Ful carries a comb which
stretches the tissue, and for receiving the designs, the cylinders E and
Fu have each a ratchet wheel and catch. The cylinder G™ holds the tissue
in a straight line with the cylinder E. The cross-piece Hч works on a
joint or a binge, except when it is tightened by screws. The comb I¹¹¹ is placed
above the tissue, and fixed to the cross-piece H by screws, and holds the
tissues. The cross-piece H is screwed on to the frame C¹³. Ju represents
a waxed or oilcloth fixed upon the frame C to make several colours at
once. In beginning the colours are first black, red, blue, and finished up
with green; these colours follow one after another, and by means of the oil-
cloth J stains on the tissues being printed are avoided, and the colours black,
red, and blue do not print any more on that part of the tissues, and green
follows immediately the first-mentioned colours, and finishes the tissues; the
design completes itself upon the tissues to be printed without removal. This
operation finished, the remainder of the piece to be printed undergoes the
same process. The tissues can also be clenched to the frames to hold them
fast and to prevent them moving. The comb K™ is placed after the tissue
is printed. This comb has two pins to hold the tissues to their proper width
when recommencing the operations, and give exactness to the operations. To
place these pins there are holes made L in the frame C, upon which is
replaced the comb K by its two pins. When the tissue is fixed the
comb Kis taken away, and the impression continues to the end, as soon as
the tissue is dry it is replaced at the bottom of the frame C¹¹¹.
The frame M, Fig. 13, is employed for warps of all descriptions. On this
frame there are four cylinders N, O, P, Q. Upon the cylinder N¹¹¹ is
rolled the piece of warp without being printed. The cylinder O rolls it up
when once printed. The cylinder P has a comb, the teeth of which
stretches the piece, and fixes the connexions upon the tissues for the deposit
of the impression. The cylinder Q₁ has also a comb which stretches the

page_text: piece lengthways in connexion with the cylinder P. The piece of warp is
stretched the whole of its width by means of the holders to which it is fixed.
R, oilcloth to print several colours at one time, or one at a time if desired,
or one after another, but in this case the oilcloth is not absolutely necessary.
The cylinder O, P, Q, have each a ratchet wheel and catch. By this
ineans one or more pieces can be printed at a time, and each piece with
different designs. Upon the face of the frames C
tissues which differ one from the other. Upon the
dresses, and upon the frame M a tissue for warp.
printed together or seperately. The frame shewn on
tissue, but upon this.tissue can be produced two different designs separated
from one another. The frame C is used also to print handkerchiefs.
and M
are placed two
frame Cu a tissue for.
These tissues can be
the plan has but one
9.
Figs. 10, 11, and 12, represent the arrangement of machinery for shawls and
similar articles. The movements and the main frames similar to those 'shewn.
in Figs. 1, 4, and 5. S is a cast-iron frame forming the table to print the
shawls. There are four wheels T, which move upon rails the same as on a
railroad; each wheel has a flange to guide the movements of the table S
which rests upon it. In the middle of the table S₁ there is a conical hole for
placing an iron and wooden plate U, in the centre of which is a vertical
pivot, which works in the conical hole in the table S to make it pivot on
its circumference. This pivot has two nuts to prevent its rising. The plate
U has two bevil wheels underneath to turn the shawls from corner to corner,
and the designs or engravings can also be turned in the same manner for
printing plain ground shawls by the 16th division of the designs. In fixing
the plain ground in this manner four colours are imparted at one time, but
in this case the designs and plates U turn their entire circumference. For
quarter shawls only two colours are made at a time, and the table only turns,
but this is only done for long shawls or scarfs. For small shawls and similar
articles the same method is employed as for handkerchiefs. The plate U
has four conical fastenings V to receive the wooden frame X, which is
embedded in it. Upon the plate U is stretched a lining and a cloth.
When this wheel
The plate is turned by a bevil wheel and pinion Y¹¹.
turns a quarter it fixes itself by fastenings Z, which enters into a latch
A to adjust and fix the quarter. The latch A is placed upon the
table S, and has a handle and spring to place it in contact with the fasten-
ings Z. The crank handle B, as well as the shaft C, give motion to
the wheel Y In front of the handle B there is a projection to hold the
table Safter it has received the operations for impression.. The piece D"!!
is to fix the table S by a bracket and pin when receiving the impression.

page_text: The piece D is held by the bracket E, when the plate U makes a
quarter turn, on the table S™ is underneath the machine, the plate U
becomes parallel with it. The plate U is turned from corner to corner when
underneath the machine. The piece D is fixed upon the bracket E by
four screws F, which are pointed at their ends and adjusted by lock nuts.
Two of these screws F are placed upon a stone, and the other two upon the
frame A. The two screws Fi act as holders, and make the table S
immoveable by acting in conjunction with the piece D", which is fixed upon
the bracket E. When the impression is finished on the shawl, the frame X
is removed and is replaced by another stop; G
are frames that are drawn to
provided with toothed wheels,
and fro, and upon them are placed cylinders H¹
upon each of these cylinders is placed a cistern containing the colours to feed
the cylinders H; these colours flow on the cylinders by an open groove from
each cistern on either side of these cisterns; I is a coiled spring to give
more or less colour to the cylinders H". By the pressure of the screw J,
the cylinders H₁ run when they have deposited their colours upon the
frame G; these frames rest underneath the designs by means of two racks,
one on each side of the frame; these racks are placed upon the feeder or
carriage M; upon the left of the cylinders Hare brushes to equalize the
colours in the frames when moving. The quantity of colours is regulated upon
the frames by the jointed pieces K", having a tie piece on their left-hand ends
to hold them apart. L™ are screws placed in the frame Y' to press more or
less the frames G₁ mounted on the feeder or carriage on its four rollers M.
These rollers cause the moving of all the mechanism to draw the colours for
the impression by a turn of the pulley N, upon which are stretched bands or
cords, which pass under the pullies O". By turning the pulley N₁, one
half of the cords wind up, whilst the other half unwind, so as to move the
frames G backwards and forwards. The levers T have a motion which
gives the colours to the designs by two screws Pш, which are regulated as
desired by a clasp Qui, attached to a fixed point. This clasp has two openings
in which slide two fixed screws, so that the designs in taking their colours upon
the frames G shall not exert too much pressure. The frame Un is fixed and
unfixed at pleasure to change the frames and colours. By the system before
described, single machines can be made which will print with one or two
colours only at one time upon one design and one tissue.
The machine shewn on the plans are double, and all the operations are
double; it will be seen by these methods, single or double machines can be
made as required. The same system has the same operation for impressions on
all fabrics and can be applied to all fabrics that are to receive impressions.

page_text: Having now described the nature and particulars of the said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I desire it to be understood that I claim the
improvements in machinery or apparatus for printing or staining woven fabrics,
warps, paper, and other articles, as herein described and illustrated in the
accompanying seven Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
EDWARD THOS. HUGHES. (L.S.)