IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CLOSETS URINALS, AND SLOP SINKS OR SLOP CLOSETS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Stevens Hellyer of the firm of Dent and Hellyer
Newcastle Street Strand in the County of Middlesex Engineer for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CLOSETS URINALS, AND SLOP SINKS OR SLOP
CLOSETS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Stevens Hellyer at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th February 1882.
SAMUEL STEVENS HELLYER of the firm of Dent and Hellyer, Newcastle Street,
Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CLOSETS,
URINALS AND SLOP SINKS OR SLOP CLOSETS
"
This invention relates to valve closets urinals and slop sinks or slop closets and
has partly for its object the preventing any matter from rising up in the valvo
box of a valve closet and entering the trap of the overflow; for this purpose I
connect the overflow trap with the vent pipe of the valve box at a point above the
level of the basin valve such vent pipe being open to the atmosphere, or in cases
where a vent pipe may not be used I then connect the said overflow trap at a
point above the valve with a horn or chamber in connection with the valve box.
I prefer to have the valve box and vent arm, horn or chamber, porcelain enammelled
inside for the sake of cleanliness. I make the basin valve of metal with a
surrounding packing ring of india rubber which bears against the metal valve seat
of the basin or cavity and is so arranged as to obviate any space beneath the valve
Beat for the lodgement of paper or soil. I ensure a thorough flushing of the
overflow trap and secure its water seal by connecting the overflow arm of the basin
direct with the inlet arm of the same basin by a passage moulded on or in the
basin itself in lieu of using a separate small feed pipe which is liable even when
properly connected to become choked and valueless.
I also employ in some cases the same or a similar connecting passage to that
herein before referred to as applied between the flushing inlet and the overflow

page_text: trap of a valve closet basin for the purpose of connecting the flushing inlet with
the waste and overflow syphon trap of a urinal or slop sink basin or receptacle
which syphon trap I make in one piece with the said basin for the sake of
simplicity and compactness and so arrange the same as that it shall maintain such
a body of the water in the basin as will when increased by the flushing appliance
(of any suitable or well known kind) start the syphon trap, which is provided with
a large and free inlet way thereby ensuring an entire and sudden change of the
whole of the contents of the said basin or receptacle the inlet and flushing rim of
this basin being also specially enlarged for that purpose. It is obvious that the
body of water in the basin can also be gradually changed as at present by 1
admitting a small and constant supply of water.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Samuel Stephens Hellyer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th August 1882.
SAMUEL STEVENS HELLYER of the firm of Dent and Hellyer Newcastle Street
Strand in the County of Middlesex, Engineer IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CLOSETS
URINALS AND SLOP SINKS OR SLOP CLOSETS
"
My said invention relates to valve closets urinals and slop sinks and has partly
for its object the preventing any matter from rising up in the valve box of a valve
closet and entering the trap of the overflow; for this purpose I connect the overflow
trap with the vent pipe of the valve box at a point above the level of the basin
valve such vent pipe being open to the atmosphere, or in cases where a vont pipe
may not be used I then connect the said overflow trap at a point above the valve
with a horn or chamber in connection with the valve box. The valve box and
vent arm horn or chamber may be of any suitable material but I prefer to make
them of cast iron which has been white porcelain enainelled inside or they may be
composed entirely of white glazed pottery or earthenware for the sake of cleanli-
ness. The basin valve may consist of a metal disc free to rotate on a central pin
or pivot in a hinged arm, a disc of india rubber or other suitable facing being
secured to the surface of the said rotating metal disc so as to form a good joint
with the metal valve seat.
In order to screen or cover the upper edge of the valve when open and thereby
to prevent the lodgement of soil or paper thereon, I raise the surface of the arm
which carries the revolving metal disc, at the part next the hinge by adding thereto
an extra thickness of metal the face or surface of which raised part is flush with
the surface of the valve itself whilst its forward edge fits closely up to but without
actually touching the upper edge of the periphery of the valve so as to leave it free
to turn on its central pin or pivot. In conjunction with this arrangement of valve
I make that side of the discharge mouth of the basin which corresponds to the
hinged side of the said valve to project further inwards either by thickening the
material of the discharge mouth of the basin more or less at that part or by suitably
modifying the shape of the said mouth or opening whereby I ensure that the paper
and solid contents of the basin shall when discharged be directed away from the
hinged side of the valve and pass freely over the screened upper edge thereof in lieu
of lodging thereon as is frequently the case with ordinary basin valves.
With a view to ensuring a thorough flushing of the overflow trap of a valve
closet and to secure its water seal without depending solely upon the rising of the
water in the basin for charging the overflow trap I connect the inlet or flushing
arm of the basin direct with the overflow arm thereof by a side passage moulded
on or formed in one with the basin itself in lieu of using a separate small feed pipe
which is liable even when properly connected to become choked and valueless.
In some cases I may apply to a urinal or slop sink basin or receptacle a similar
connecting passage to that herein before referred to as applied between the flushing
inlet and the overflow trap of a valve closet basin the said passage being moulded
in one piece with the urinal or slop sink basin and connecting the flushing inlet of
the said basin or receptacle with the waste and overflow syphon trap thereof.
I also make the waste and overflow syphon trap of a urinal or of a slop sink
basin or receptacle moulded in one piece with the back of the said basin for the
sake of simplicity and compactness, and I so arrange this waste or overflow syphon
trap as that it shall maintain such a body of water in the basin of the urinal or

page_text: slop sink as will when increased by the flushing appliance (of any suitable or well
known kind) immediately start the syphon trap and empty the urinal the trap
being provided with a large and free inlet way. I thus ensure an entire and
sudden change of the whole of the contents of the said basin or receptacle the inlet
and flushing rim of which is specially enlarged for that purpose. It is obvious
that the body of water in the basin can also be gradually changed as at present by
admitting a small and constant supply of water.
And in order that my said invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the
several figures on the explanatory sheet of drawings hereunto annexed the same
letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the corresponding figures.
Figure 1 of my drawings is a side elevation and partial section of a valve closet
basin and valve box showing my improvements connected therewith.
a is the
basin which may be provided with any suitable flushing rim and b is the valve
box. c is the trap of the overflow which is connected at d with the vent pipe e of
the valve box such connection being at a point above the level of the basin valve f
which may be of the usual or other construction. By this means I effectually
prevent any solid matter from rising up the valve box or ventilating pipe and
entering the trap c of the overflow. g is the small side passage moulded on the
basin itself which connects the inlet or flushing arm h with the overflow arm i of
the same basin for the purpose of securing a thorough flushing of the overflow
trap and maintaining its water seal. Figure 2 is a section of my improved basin
valve so constructed and arranged in connection with the discharge mouth of the
basin as to prevent any lodgement of paper or soil on the upper edge or periphery
of the valve when open and Figure 3 is a plan of the upper surface of the said
valve detached. a is a metal disc connected loosely (so as to be free to rotate) by
a central pin b with the arm c which is hinged at d. e is a disc of india rubber
secured to the surface of the metal disc a by a disc f of earthenware, enamelled iron
or other suitable material and g is the raised or thickened part of the arm at its
hinged portion which raised or thickened part is about flush with the surface of
the valve and by fitting close up to the edge or periphery of the valve effectually
screens it when open and thereby prevents the lodgement of paper or soil on the
upper edge of the valve. h shows the thickening or inward projection at the hinge
side of the discharge mouth of the basin to ensure the directing of the contents of
the basin away from or well clear of the hinge side of the valve.
Figure 4 is a vertical section and Figure 5 a back elevation of my improved
urinal basin or receptacle wherein the waste or overflow syphon trap a is moulded
in one piece with the back b of the basin. o is the flushing arm and d the flushing
rim which I prefer to make larger than ordinary with a view to ensuring the
rapid action of the waste syphon trap a. I have indicated in dotted lines in
figures 4 and 5 the position of the connecting passage g between the flushing inlet
and the syphon trap which passage may be moulded on the back of the basin when
employed and should enter the trap at i well below the water line.
Figures 6, 7 and 8 represent in vertical section, front elevation and horizontal
section (along the line 1-2 in Figure 7) my improved slop sink basin or receptacle
which is also provided with a similar overflow syphon trap a moulded in one with
the back b of the said basin or receptacle. If desired wings or screens e (shown in
dotted lines) may be moulded on each side of the basin so as to render it suitable
as a urinal. The discharge pipe ƒ of the urinal or slop sink may either pass directly
down the outside of the wall as in figures 4 and 5 or inay be curved forward to the
inside as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 6.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect I
would observo in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original and
therefore claim as the invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part recited
letters patent is:
First. Connecting the overflow trap of a valve closet with the vent pipe of the

page_text: valve box or with a horn or chamber in connection therewith, at a point above the
level of the valve substantially as and for the purpose herein before described.
Secondly. Connecting the inlet or flushing arm of a valve closet basin directly
with the overflow arm of the same basin by a passage moulded in or on the basin
itself substantially as and for the purpose herein before described.
Thirdly. The peculiar construction and arrangement of closet basin valve whereby
the lodgement of soil or paper on the edge of the valve when open is prevented
substantially as herein before described.
Fourthly. The peculiar construction and arrangement of urinal or slop sink as
hereinbefore described and illustrated by my drawings.
In witness whereof I the said Samuel Stevens Hellyer have hereunto set my
hand and seal this twenty fourth day of August in the year of our Lord
one thousand eight hundred and eighty two.