IMPROVED. MECHANISM FOR GIVING INTERMITTENT OR CONTINUOUS REVOLVING MOTION OF DIFFERENT VELOCITIES WITHOUT THE USE OF CHANGE WHEELS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Hall, of Stockport, in the County of Chester,
and Samuel Bonser, of Stockport, in the County of Lancaster, for the
Invention of an "IMPROVED. MECHANISM FOR GIVING INTERMITTENT OR
CONTINUOUS REVOLVING MOTION OF DIFFERENT VELOCITIES WITHOUT THE USE
OF CHANGE WHEELS."
Sealed the 19th May 1865, and dated the 31st January 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Hall and Samuel
Bonser at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 31st January 1865.
We, THOMAS HALL, of Stockport, in the County of Chester, and SAMUEL
BONSER, of Stockport, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MECHANISM FOR GIVING INTER-
MITTENT OR CONTINUOUS REVOLVING MOTION OF DIFFERENT VELOCITIES WITHOUT THE
USE OF CHANGE WHEELS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in improved arrangements of mechanism for giving
revolving motion of different velocities without the use of change wheels,
which arrangements are applicable to the taking up or letting-off motions of
looms, taking-up beams of carding and sizing machines, and all machines
requiring change wheels. On the shaft or beam to be turned we fix a toothed
wheel gearing into a pinion or toothed wheel working on a stationary stud
and having at each side a central boss and a rim. On one of the bosses as a
fulcrum is placed a lever, in the boss of which there are two slots opposite

page_text: each other,and in each slot there is a clip formed of a piece of metal held in
its place by a spring, and having a groove which clips one of the rims of the
stud wheel. On the other boss of the wheel there is a short stationary arm,
having in its boss similar pieces of metal to those before mentioned for
clipping the other rim of the stud wheel. The aforesaid lever has vibrating
motion imparted to it by a crank or eccentric, and when it moves one way its
clips seize the rim on that side and turn the stud wheel in proportion to the
movement of the lever,and the wheel is prevented from turning back when
the lever is moving the reverse way by the clips in the boss of the stationary
arm and the movement of the wheel gives corresponding movement to the
shaft or beam to which it is geared. If the lever is moved always the
same distance a uniform intermittent motion is given to the wheel, but if the
end of the lever is gradually moved from the crank or eccentric, so that it
shall have less and less vibrating motion, the wheel has a gradual decreasing
motion similar to what is required for the taking-up beam of aloom, or other
taking-up beams; but if the lever is brought gradually nearer the crank or
eccentric it is moved more and more, and gives a gradual increasing motion
to the wheel, thereby adapting it to the letting-off motion of a loom or other
similar purposes.
It is evident that this arrangement of stud wheel and parts connected with
it can be modified to give a uniform intermittent revolving motion of
different speeds by simply shortening or increasing the throw of the lever, and
also that by using two, three, or more levers with their corresponding clips
acting one after the other, but one called into action before the oue before it
has entirely ceased to act, that a continuous revolving motion can be given
instead of an intermittent one of various speeds according to the traverse of
the levers. In some cases we dispense with the gearing, and cause the lever
or levers and clips to act directly on end flanges or rims forming part of the
beam or drum to be turned, and also when desired connect the apparatus
to friction wheels or discs.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Hall and Samuel Bonser in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 31st July 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
HALL, of Stockport,in the County of Chester, and SAMUEL BONSER, of Stock-
port, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty first day of January in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reigu, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Thomas Hall and Samuel Bonser, Her special licence that
we, the said Thomas Hall and Samuel Bonser, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Thomas Hall and Samuel
Bonser, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED MECHANISM
FOR GIVING INTERMITTENT OR CONTINUOUS REVOLVING MOTION OF DIFFERENT VELO-
CITIES WITHOUT THE USE OF CHANGE WHEELS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Thomas Hall and Samuel Bonser, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,.
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months nextand immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Hall and Samuel Bonser,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement (that is to say):-
At the commencement of our Provisional Specification we stated that this
Inventiouconsists in improved arrangements of mechanism for giving revolving
motion of different velocities without the use of change wheels, whicharrange-
ments were applicable to the taking-up or letting-oft motions of looins,
taking-up beams of carding and sizing machines, and all machines requiring
change wheels, and in the latter part of the aforesaid Specification we describe
a mode of giving continuous revolving motion of various speeds without the
use of change wheels. Since the date of our Provisional Protection we have
only occupied ourselves with the intermittent revolving motions and their
application to the taking-up motion of looms for weaving and other purposes,
having similar requirements, and as we cannot now give a detailed description
accompanied with Drawings of their application to the letting-off motion of
looms, or a description of the continuous revolving motion required for the
taking-up.motions of carding and sizing machines, we confine ourselves to the
intermittentrevolving motions suitable for the taking-up motions of looms and

page_text: other purposes in which they can be advantageously employed, and disclaim
their use for letting-off motions, and also the use of the continuous revolving
inotion. On the shaft or beam to be turned we fix a toothed wheel com-
municating by gearing with a toothed wheel working on a stationary stud, and
having at each side a central boss and rim of a rim wheel. On one of the
bosses, as a fulcrum, is placed a lever, in the boss of which there are slots or
seatings opposite each other, and in each slot or seating there is a clip formed
of a piece of metal, held in its place by a spring, and having a slot or groove
which clips one side of the rim wheel. At the other side of the rim wheel
there are short stationary arms or stationary bosses for holding similar pieces of
metal to those before mentioned for the purpose of clipping the other side of
the rim wheel, and acting as holding clips when the vibrating lever is making
its backward movement. The aforesaid lever has vibrating notion imparted
to it by a crank, eccentric, or vibrating arm, and when it moves one way its
clips seize the rim on that side, and turn the rim wheel in proportion to the
movement of the lever, and the rim wheel is prevented from turning back
when the lever is moving the reverse way by the clips in the boss of the
stationary arm, and the forward movements of the rim wheel give corre-
sponding or proportionate movement to the shaft or beam to which it is geared.
If the lever is moved always the same distance a uniform intermittent motion
is given to the rim wheel, but if the end of the lever is caused to have less
and less vibrating motion, the rim wheel has a gradual decreasing motion
similar to what is required for the taking-up motion of a loom or other similar
purpose.
Although we have described the rim wheel as having a toothed wheel in
the middle, we prefer to make it plain with a pinion on one side, both working
together either on a stud or fixed to a shaft, and in many cases we employ one
vibrating clip and one holding clip instead of two of each.
The manner in which our Invention is to be performed, and its application
in connection with rim wheels to the taking-up motion of looms for weaving
and other similar purposee, will be clearly understood by the following detailed
description thereof, reference being had to the figures and letters on the
accompanying two Sheets of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a front elevation,
and Figs. 2 and 3 end elevations, drawn about half size of a rim wheel pro-
vided with one arrangement of vibrating and holding clips; Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, and 9 are similar views of modifications of the same; Figs. 10 and 11
are full-sized views of one of the clips; Figs. 12 and 13, end and front views
of one of the vibrating and stationary bosses and seatings with a clip on it;
Fig. 14, a rim wheel with one of the vibrating clips; Fig. 15, a rim wheel

page_text: with one of the holding clips; and Figs. 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, and 21 are end
elevations and plans, drawn to a reduced scale, of parts of looms having rim
wheels with vibrating and holding clips, and some of the mechanical arrange-
ments in connection with them for giving positive taking-up motion to the
cloth beam.
In Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the rim wheel is of that description in which there is
a toothed wheel between its two edges or rims, and two central bosses at the
sides, all working loose on a stationary stud. On the boss a, Figs. 1 and 2,
there is a lever b having in its boss c two recesses or seatings for supporting
clips formed of pieces of metald with grooves or slots for clipping the edge e
of the rim wheel, which clips are kept to their places by the springs f, and
vibrate with the lever when vibrating motion is given to it.
On the boss g,
Figs. 1 and 3, there are short arms h held fast to the head of the stud i by
pins, and on these arms there are seatings for supporting holding clips formed
of pieces of metal jhaving grooves or slots, which clip the edge of the rim
wheel, the said clips being held in their places by springs l.
In the arrangement shewn in Figs. 4, 5, and 6 the toothed wheel on the
rim wheel is dispensed with, and the rim is made perfectly plain. The said
rim wheel is shewn at m; it is fixed to a shaft n working in a bearing o cou-
nected to one of the end frames of the loom, there being on the shaft a fixed
pinion communicating by gearing with the shaft or beam to be turned, and
instead of two vibrating and holding clips there is but one of each. The
vibrating clip q is seated in the boss of a lever 1, Figs. 4 and 5, which works
loose on the shaft n, and has vibrating motion imparted to it in any desired
manner, and the holding clip s, Figs. 4 and 6, is seated in the boss of the
bracket t, and both clips are held in their places by springs u, v, In Figs. 7,
8, and 9, the plain rim wheel a is fastoned to the shaft y working in the
bearing fixed to one of the end frames of the loom. At one side of the
wheel there is a lever a', Figs. 7 and 8, working loose on a boss of the wheel,
and at the other side a bess 61, Figs. 7 and 9, Exed to the bearing z, there
being a seating in the buss of the lever a' for supporting the vibrating clip c¹
held in its place by the spring d', and a seating in the stationary boss b' for
supporting the holding clip e', held in its place by the spring f,there being a
pinion g¹ fixed to the shaft y for transmitting the movements of therim wheel
to the shaft or beam. The holding clips are of the same size and form as
their corresponding vibrating clips,and each clip is formed of a piece of metal
with a groove or slot in the middle, as shewn at h¹, Figs. 10 and 11, there
being at the bottom other narrow grooves & for preventing unevenness in the
wear. The pieces of metal at one end rest on their seatings, and at their

page_text: other ends project beyond the rim of the wheel for enabling the .clips.to-be
loosened from the rim by hand or self-acting means; and for preventing the
clips froin being raised too high, and locking the wheel when it ought to be
free, we form on the vibrating and stationary bosses stops, Figs. 12 and 13,
and for preventing the clips from moving sideways off their seatings, we form
ou the bosses guards or side flanges m'. The shape of the seatings in the
bosses is plainly shown in Fig. 14 and 15, in which it will be seen that one
edge of the bottom of each clip rests in a corner n', at each side of which the
metal is cut away to enable the clip to turn or rock on its edge whilst it is
held in its place by its corresponding spring, and although the said clips are
shewn at one side of the diameter they may be in line with it. When the
lever, Fig. 14, is at rest, the spring u keeps the sides of the slot in the clip q
up to the rim m with.a small amount of pressure, but when the lever begins
to move in the direction of the arrow, the corner n' pulls the edge and causes
the clip to turn a little back, so that the slot.shall bite the rim with force, and
carry it onwards in proportion to the traverse of the lever. When the
movement of the lever is reversed the corner n'exerts no action on the edge
of the clip, and although the spring causes.sufficient friction to turn theдim
when it is not held, it cannot do so when the rim is held, and it is therefore at
the commencement of the return movement that the holding clip is called
into action. The bosses or seatings for the holding clips are stationary,
and therefore the rocking or turning motion required to be given to the clip
for Jocking the rim must be exerted by the rim itself. When the wheel is
stationary, the holding clips, Fig. 15, by means of the spring v.acts witha
limited friction on the rim of the wheel, and when the rim is turning in the
direction of the.arrow the friction slightly overcomes the force of the spring,
and enables the clip to turn on its edge and lessen the bite of the slot on the
rim, thereby leaving the wheel free to be turned by the vibrating clip, but
when the lever.r commences to turn the reverse way the friction.acts in the
same direction as the spring v, Fig. 15, and causes the clip to turn on its edge
in. an opposite direction to that it previously turned;so that its slot shall closely
bite the rim, and prevent any backward movement during the return move-
ment of the lever and vibrating clip; and:as these effects take place, whatever
may be the traverse of the lever, it follows that intermittent revolving motion
of different velocities can be obtained without the use of change wheels,
according to the number of the vibrations of the lever and the extent of its
throw, and that these motions can be transmitted by the gearing to the cloth
beam of a loom or to any other shaft or beam requiring intermittent revolving
'motion.

page_text: Some of the mechanical arrangements we employ in connexion with rim
wheels and clips for giving the positive taking-up motion of looms are shewn
in Figs. 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, and 21, in all of which Figures a represents part
of one of the end frames of the loom; b, the crank shaft; c, the tappet shaft;
d, one of the sword arms; e, the cloth beam; f, the toothed wheel fixed to
its shaft; g, the rim wheel; h, the pinion connected with it; i, the gearing
communicating with the pinion and toothed wheel of the cloth beam; and k,
the vibrating lever for working the vibrating clip.
In the arrangement shewn in Figs. 16 and 17 we employ an eccentric / on
the tappet shaft c for giving vibrating motion to the lever, which works the
rim wheel g, the under side of which lever at one part of its traverse is in
contact with one end m of the lever n working on the studo fixed to the end
frame a, and connected at its other end to a screwed rod p, the top of which
is held in a socket q carried by a rod in contact with the cloth at the under
side of the cloth beam. At the side of the socket 7 there is a flanges with a
hole in it, and to the rod p is fixed another flange t with a number of holes
in it, and through the hole in the flange g, and one of the holes in the flanget
the link of a padlock u is passed. The screwed rod p is for the purpose of
enabling the operative before the winding-on commences, to adjust with great
nicety the position of the lever for raising the lever k, and shortening its
traverse according to the required number of picks to the inch, thus when
there are to be the fewest picks, the full throw of the eccentric is first given
to the lever k, and the end m of the lever » is in contact with it when it is
resting on the shorter radius of the eccentric /, as shewn by the dotted lines,
but if a greater number of picks to the inch are required the padlock is
unlocked, and the screw p turned so as to lift the back end m of the lever n,
and raise the lever above the shorter radius of the eccentric 7, and thereby
shorten its traverse, it being understood that the extent to which the lever n
is raised is in proportion to the required number of picks per inch, the holes
in the flange enabling the positions to be adjusted with great accuracy, and
so maintained by the padlock u. At the commencement of winding-on, the
rod is first held up by the ends of the warp in contact with the beam, and
it is gradually lowered by the cloth as it is wound on, the effect of which is to
lower the screwed rod p, and gradually raise the back end of the lever n
and gradually lessen the traverse of the lever k as the cloth increases in
diameter, and thereby obtain a positive and uniform taking-up motion.
In the arrangements shewn in Figs. 18 and 19, one end of the rod v, which
is in contact with the cloth, is placed in a slot at one end wo of the lever a
working on a stud y fixed to the end frame a. To this lever x is jointed the

page_text: and
slotted arm z, to which is fixed the tail or pin a', one end of which passes
through a slot in the lever le connected to the shaft of the rim wheel g,
the other end works in a slot formed in or connected to the sword arm d.
The said tail or pin at the commencement of winding-on is raised or lowered,
and then fixed in the arm z according to the number of picks required. per
inch, and as the cloth increases in diameter the rod v, arm z, and tail a'
gradually descend and give a gradual decreasing motion to the lever k, rim
wheel g, gearing i, and cloth beam e.
In the arrangement shewn in Figs. 20 and 21 we place on the vibrating
lever a loose boss c coupled to one end of the connecting rod d', having its
other end jointed to a crank e' on the tappet shaft c of the loom, or attached
to one of the sword arms. At one side of the boss c¹ there is a projection
having a hole, through which is passed the rod f', the end g¹ of which is
connected to the vertical bar h', jointed at the top to one end of the rod k
in contact with the cloth, the vertical bar being held in its place by a footstep
and weight, or by the last lap of the cloth. The end g is first adjusted and
then fixed on the vertical bar h¹, according to the number of picks per inch
required before the commencement of the winding-on, and then as the cloth
on the beam increases in diameter the bar h', rod f', and boss e' will be gra-
dually lowered, and increase the working radius of the lever k, and give a
gradually decreasing speed to the cloth beam. When the vibrating and holding
clips act on the rim wheel, the intermittent revolving motion takes place con-
tinuously, but if the holding clip is raised so as to be free of the rim of the rim
wheel, the wheel simply vibrates to and fro without progressing, and if the
vibrating clip is freed from the rim the cloth bean can be turned backwards
and forwards by hand as required. The holding clip can be raised, not only
by hand but by a lever in connection with the weft motion, which causes the
stoppage of the loom when there is breakage or absence of weft, the said lever
lifting up the holding clip, and preventing the cloth beam from taking-up
whilst the loom is being brought to a stand.
Having now described the nature and particulars of our said Invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be
understood that in mechanism for giving intermittent revolving motion of
different velocities without the use of change wheels; we claim,―
First, the holding clips having slots for clipping and holding the rim wheels
during the return movements of the vibrating levers and clips, and small
grooves for preventing unevenness in the wear.
And, secondly, the stationary arms or bosses with their seatings, sideflanges,
and stops, the seatings for supporting the clips, the flanges for preventing

page_text: their movement sideways, and the stops for preventing the clips from being
raised too high, and locking the wheels when they ought to be free, as all such
improvements are herein described and illustrated in the accompanying two
Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Hall and Samuel Bonser, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-eighth day of July, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Thomas Hall and
Samuel Bonser, in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
THOMAS HALL (L.S.)
SAMUEL BONSER. (L.S.)