IMPROVED ARRANGEMENTS OF THE PARTS IN SEWING MACHINES FOR USING SHOEMAKERS' WAX THREAD SUITABLE FOR HEAVY BOOTS OR OTHER LEATHERWORK TO WHICH IT MAY BE APPLIED
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Jackson, Mechanic, 4, Spring Terrace, York
Road, Lambeth, London, for the Invention of "IMPROVED ARRANGEMENTS
OF THE PARTS IN SEWING MACHINES FOR USING SHOEMAKERS' WAX THREAD
SUITABLE FOR HEAVY BOOTS OR OTHER LEATHERWORK TO WHICH IT MAY BE
APPLIED."
Sealed the 29th December 1863, and dated the 19th August 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Jackson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th August 1863.
J, WILLIAM JACKSON, Mechanic, 4, Spring Terrace, York Road, Lambeth,
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
ARRANGEMENTS OF THE PARTS IN SEWING MACHINES FOR USING SHOEMAKERS' WAX
THREAD SUITABLE FOR HEAVY BOOTS OR OTHER LEATHERWORK TO WHICH IT MAY BE
APPLIED," to be as follows:-
And consists in the construction of a machine in a more simple and effective
'manner than has hitherto been done, particularly in the parts forming the
front or working end.
The accompanying Drawing shews the parts generally composing this
machine. A represents the main shaft driven in the ordinary manner; B is
a cam for working the bar C with the piercing hook at its upper end; D is
a bar or "looper" for keeping the loop of the wax thread in its proper. form;

page_text: E is a double tappet piece fixed on the bar D, by which it is moved up and
down by the bar C. The thread is thrown around the hook, when it is forced
up through the leather by the bent finger F, the lower end of which is caused
to describe nearly a half circle, having the wax thread passing through a small
hole at its extreme end. The necessary operations above of moving the work
forward, pressing it down when being pierced, and turning the thread around
the hook, üre done by the cams on the right hand, viz., the cam G, lever H,
and its end I, are for moving the work forward; the cam K and lever L are
for lifting, the foot B; the cam M, lever N, and sliding bar O, are for the
purpose of turning the thread around the hook, before described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Jackson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd February 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
JACKSON, Mechanic, 4, Spring Terrace, York Road, Lambeth, London, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing dato the Nineteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Jackson, Her special licence that I, the said William Jackson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Jackson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED ARRANGEMENTS
OF THE PARTS IN SEWING MACHINES FOR USING SHOEMAKERS' WAX THREAD SUITABLE
FOR HEAVY BOOTS OR OTHER LEATHERWORK TO WHICH IT MAY BE APPLIED," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Jackson, my exe-
'cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Jackson, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per:
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
It will be observed that this machine is for using one thread only producing
the chain stitch, and is of a simple and effective construction, and therefore
not liable to become deranged or get out of working order.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 represents a side view partly in
section; Fig. 2 is a view of the back end; Fig. 3 a view of the front or
working end; Fig. 4 a horizontal section of the upper part and outline of the
bed plate; Fig. 5 a side view of the back of the working end; Fig. 6 shews
the manner in which the thread is passed so as to be brought into the hook of
the needle; and Fig. 7 an enlarged or full size view of the needle bar, looper,
or "cast-off." The letters and figures of reference are used to indicate the
same parts wherever they occur throughout the several Figures in the
Drawing.
A is the main driving shaft turned by the hand wheel B or in any other way:
This shaft turns in bearings at M and N, and has fixed on it two cams and
two tappits for giving motion to the several parts of the machine. C is a dise
or face cam, having an eccentric recess a, a, (see Fig. 3,) for working the
needle bar. D is a tappit for moving the material forward; E is a cani
having an indented crooked groove on its outside for throwing the thread'
around the needle; and F is a tappit for lifting the propelling foot. In front
of the cam C there is fixed an upright standard H with a slot in its lower part
to receive the pin of the needle bar. G is the needle bar sliding up and down
in holes at b and c, having a pin fixed in it at d with a square part to work up
and down in the before-mentioned slot in H. The right-hand end of this pin.
has a roller on it for running in the groove of the face cam, the other end is
furnished with a screw nut for fixing it in the needle bar. and also for giving
motion to the looper bar I by forcing it up and down by the tappit piece J..
This looper bar also slides up and down in holes at e and f, and is kept in any
position or prevented from falling by the friction of a piece of leather or other
suitable substance put into the screw hole, and the pressure is regulated by
the set screw g.
At the top of the looper bar I there is a cranked arm with
an upright conical piece i, having a hole through it to slide up and down out-
side the hooked needle, and is for the purpose of opening and preventing a
loop when made from being caught by the hook of the needle when it is
descending from the material with a succeeding loop.
The thread is passed around the needle so as to enter the hook in the

page_text: following manner:-The working parts of the machine being turned from the
position shewn by Fig. 1 one half a revolution, the lever K will be placed by
its pin running in the crooked groove cam into the position, shewn by the
dotted lines h, h, the sliding bar L will be pushed towards the left-hand, and
the thread arm O will have carried the thread, by being passed through a hole
in the lower end, round in front of the needle shewn by i and 2 in Figure 6.
The needle is denoted by 3, and the flat part of the arm O by 4. This circular
motion of the thread arm is caused by the curved groovej in the sliding bar L
being pushed sideways in its forward and backward motion by the pin n fixed
in the frame; this pin may be furnished with a roller. The thread arm ó
remains stationary in the left-hand position until the needle has fully descended,
after which it returns again to the right hand.
The material is moved forward in the direction of the arrow P (Fig. 3) as
follows: The tappit D pushes the lever Q and crooked end S of the rocking
shaft R, Figs. 4 and 5, in the direction of P, the end S forcing the bottom of
the lifting foot T in the same direction to the required distance for a stitch:
The length of stitches is regulated by the set screw and stop nut U in the
lever Q. The rocking shaft working on centres or bearings. The top end of
the lifting foot is kept in the groove of the frame by the pin 9 (Fig. 3), and is
pressed down upon the work by an elastic compressed pillar V, Fig. 5, the
ends of which are contained in the caps r, the lower one being screwed
on the wire s, by which the downward pressure is regulated; the wire s
slides up and down in a hole of the stud x. The foot is pressed forward also
in a contrary direction to P by this elastic pillar spring. The foot is lifted
by the tappit F forcing back the lever W, Figs. 1 and 2, which being united
to the rocking shaft X, the outer end of the lever Y, Fig. 3, lifts the foot T
by the small pin t fixed in it, the rocking shaft working in bearings at
u and v.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-A supply of wax thread being
wound on the reel Z, having the necessary tension to tighten the stitch, the
end of the thread being passed over a roller w or through a hole at the front
end of the machine, and also through a hole in the end of the arm O, is placed
under the foot T, with the material also under the foot (the needle being down
in the position shewn by Fig. 7), then on the main shaft being turned the
needle is forced upwards through the material to its highest position, when the
thread arm O carries the thread from right to left, and it enters the hook of
the needle. At this moment the foot T is lifted by the lever Y, the needle is
partially drawn down, having the loop of thread in the hook, at which time
the pressure of the foot is again resumed on it, and is ready to advance the

page_text: material for another stitch. When the needle bar has descended so far that
the pin & with its nut has come in contact with the lower part of the tappit
piece J, the needle bar G and the looper I descend together, the loop of thread
being then within the top of the conical piece i, Fig: 7, and having reached
the lowest point, the needle bar ascends, leaving the looper bar and loop
behind stationary. On the nut and pin coming in contact with the upper part
of the tappit piece J, the needle bar and looper will ascend together, the
conical end of the latter will occupy the inside of the loop before mentioned,
and on the next loop being brought down by the hook into the top of the
conical piece or "cast-off," the hook is protected so that the former loop cannot
be caught by the hook, the needle drawing the loop tight at the completion of
its descent.
I do not claim originality in any of these parts separately, or in any par-
ticular proportions of the same; but I claim as my Invention the general
arrangement and combination of machinery as herein set forth and shewn by
the Drawings, with any improved modification of detail, without departing from
the principle of construction.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Jackson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
WILLIAM JACKSON.
(L.S.)