INPROVE- MENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Paul Kotzó, of Pesth, in the Kingdom of
Hungary, Civil Engineer, at present residing at Norfolk Street,
Strand, in the City of Westminster, for the Invention of "INPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM ENGINES."
Sealed the 11th June 1869, and dated the 15th December 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Paul Kotzó at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th December 1868.
I, PAUL KOTZÓ, of Pesth, in the Kingdom of Hungary, Civil Engineer,
at present residing at Norfolk Street, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to construct a condenser for steam
engines without the use of an air pump. Supposing the Invention is to
be applied to a Corliss' steam engine, the steam rushes direct from the
cylinder through the exit channels, which are governed by vibrating or
rotating valves, and passes from these into the improved condenser,
which consists of a chamber or space below the cylinder, and in which

page_text: chamber by means of injector tubes (fed with water from a double-action
cold water pump at every stroke of the piston), the steam becomes
condensed and collects in the lower space of the condenser, the cubical
capacity of which is so calculated that the water of injection and con-
densation will together nearly fill the space. Towards the end of each
piston stroke this water will be driven by the remaining pressure of the
steam through clack valves at the lower part of the condenser (and
which are made large enough for the purpose) into a collecting chamber,
from whence it may be drawn or carried off in any convenient manner.
The condenser is made double-acting, and the same operation is repeated
at both sides. This double-action condenser does not require an air
pump and is applicable to all kinds of steam engines, but particularly to
a horizontal Corliss engine, and simplifics the arrangement and con-
struction of the parts very considerably, as the mechanism for working
the air pump as well as the air pump itself is rendered unnecessary.
It is also advantageous for a horizontal-Woolf-engine, and also when
employing a variable quantity of condensing water -for the purpose of
obtaining a partial condensation, as it obviates all the inconveniences
which in this case are incidental to the use of the air pumps of ordinary
construction.
The apparatus may be employed-without the use of jets of condensing
water in some kinds of engines, and when the Invention is applied to
high pressure or non-condensing engines it avoids the evil of the loss of
power from excessive expansion of the steam, while the back pressure is
lower than that of the atmosphere, which always occurs when only
partially employing the power of a non-condensing engine.
The improved condensing apparatus can be easily made on account
of the great simplicity and convenience of its form, and is particularly
applicable also as a framing for holding the steam cylinder, and in this
case must be securely fastened to the foundation plate of the engine.

page_text: present residing at Norfolk Street, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day. of December, in. the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Paul Kotzó, Her special
licence that I, the said Paul Kotzó, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Paul Kotzó, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM
ENGINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Paul
Kotzó, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar mouths next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Paul Kotzó, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thercon (that is to say):-
:-
The chief object of this Invention is to construct a condenser for steam
engines that shall work efficiently without the aid of an air pump.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section
of the improved condenser, which constitutes also the framing for sup-
porting the cylinder whose exhaust steam it is intended to condense.
This section is taken in the line 1, 2, of Fig. 2, which is a plan view with
the cover removed; Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section taken in the
line 3, 4, of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical section taken in
the line 5, 6, of Fig. 1.
The condenser consists of a case A rectangular in plan at its upper
part, but partially extended laterally at its base to form a broad and
steady bearing for the steam engine cylinder B. This cylinder is cast

page_text: with or has fitted to it a rectangular extension which fits the top of the
condenser. This casting is formed at its opposite ends with valve
chambers C, C, which connect respectively with the ends of the
cylinder B and with outer compartments D, D', of the condenser. These
compartments D, D', open into a central compartment E, but are closed
by means of valves F, F. Leading from the bottom of the compart-
ment E is a water discharge pipe G, and at top it is closed by a cover E³,
which has cast in it a steam exit pipe E³. c, c, are valves for admitting
the exhaust steam from the opposite ends of the cylinder into the
condenser, and d, d, are pierced pipes for discharging cold water in the
form of spray into the steam to be condensed. Supposing now the
Invention to be applied to a Corliss steam engine the steam rushes direct
from the cylinder B (alternately from opposite ends thereof) into and
through the valve chambers, which are governed by the vibrating
valves c, and passing into the compartment D or D' will come in contact
with the-cold water spray (supplied to the pipes d'from a double-action
cold water pump at every stroke of the piston) and bcconie condensed.
The water will then collect at the bottom of the compartments D, 'D',
the cubical capacity of which is so calculated that the water of injection
and condensation will together nearly fill the space provided for their
reception. Towards the end of each piston stroke this water will be
driven by the remaining pressure of the steam against one or other of
the clack valves F and forcing it open will enter the chamber E, from
which it may be drawn or carried off in any convenient manner.
It will be understood that the condenser is double-acting and the same
operation is repeated alternately and at any desired rate at the opposite
sides of the condenser.
From the foregoing description of the double-action condenser it will
be understood that the condenser does not require the use of an air pump
for creating a vacuum therein. It is applicable to all kinds of steam
engines, but particularly to the horizontal Corliss engine, as it simplifies
the arrangement and construction of the parts very considerably, the
mechanism for working the air pump, as well as the air pump itself,
being rendered unnecessary. It is also advantageous for a horizontal
Woolf engine, and also when employing a variable quantity of con-
densing water for the purpose of obtaining a partial condensation, as it
obviates all the inconveniences which in this case are incidental to the

page_text: The apparatus may be employed if desired without the use of jets of
water of condensation in some kinds of engines, and when the Invention
is applied to high pressure or non-condensing engines it avoids the evil
of the loss of power from excessive expansion of the steam while the
back pressure is lower than that of the atmosphere, which always occurs
when only partially employing the power of a non-condensing engine.
The improved coudensing apparatus can be easily made on account of
the great simplicity of its parts, and the form shewn in the Drawing
renders it particularly applicable as a framing for carrying the steam
cylinder. When this form is adopted the condenser must be securely
fastened to the foundation plate of the engine.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "Improvements
in Steam Engines," and explained the manner of carrying the same into
effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited
Letters Patent I' claim, ―
First. The arrangement of condenser above described, whereby I am
enabled without the use of the air pump to condense the exhaust steam
of steam engines.
Secondly. Employing the condenser as a framing for the steam
cylinder whose exhaust steam it is intended to receive and condense.
In witness whereof, I, the said Paul Kotzó, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, the Eighth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
PAUL KOTZO. (L.S.)
Oivil Ingenieur.