IMPROVE- MENTS IN SPINNING, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH " SPECIFIC
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Crossley and Louis John Crossley, Carpet
Manufacturers, and William Sutcliffe, Manager of the Spinning Department,
all three of Halifax, in the County of York, for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SPINNING, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED
THEREWITH
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Crossley, Louis John
Crossley, and William Sutcliffe at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 26th July 1880.
EDWARD CROSSLEY and LOUIS JOHN CROSSLEY, Carpet Manufacturers, and
WILLIAM SUTCLIFFE, Manager of the Spinning Department, all three, of "Halifax,
in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING, AND IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
The said Invention relates to fitting to spinning frames simple and effective
apparatus for stopping the progress of the roving towards the delivery rollers on
the breakage or slackening of the spun thread, thereby preventing waste, roller
lapping, snarles, and doubles.
For this purpose we construct the back rollers separate or single, giving a roller
to each roving thread, and to prevent the slipping of the roving through the roller
we construct the frame with back driving rollers for each separate or single back
roller; the two driving rollers are of the same diameter and are fitted on a level,
the back separate or single roller rests at an angle on the driving rollers so as to
produce a kind of wedge action, which prevents the roving being drawn through
when the stop motion is in action on the breakage or slackness of a thread; the
inside faces of the back or feeding rollers are made with rings having teeth, and
smaller in diameter than the rollers, and by preference we employ the top back
rollers made larger in diameter than those heretofore in use.
Instead of the rings having teeth we may cast holes in a circle and on the sides
of the rollers, or pegs may be fitted in the sides of the rollers.
To the bearers of the front rollers we fix a rail extending the length of the
spinning frame; to this rail and to each set of rollers we secure a light bracket having
a jaw in which fits a boss cast or formed on a bent lever, a pin or stud securing the
lever in the jaw, and on which works the lever; the front arm of this lever is bent to
Dis 11

page_text: .
clear the bottom front roller, and the end is fitted with a bent rod or wire over
which passes the thread when spinning, the drag of the thread keeping down the
front arm and lifting up the back arm, which is made long enough to allow of the
shifting of the back rollers, and of altering the ratch according to the length of
the staple spinning; the end of the back arm is cut with a screw on which screws
a small weight to regulate the counterbalancing of the leverage. To each spindle
is fitted a lever and placed between each set of rollers, and under the rollers is
fitted a rail to which is fitted for each set of back rollers a light bracket, in the
boss of which is fitted a pin or stud on which works the fulcrum of two angular
dropping levers; the arms of the fulcrum are weighted, and the fulcrum is out of
centre with the rods. The top end of each angular dropping lever or rod is made
with a catch or with a bent rounded end. The catch on the breakage or slackening
of the thread comes in contact with a tooth of the circle of teeth of the back roller,
or the bent rounded end enters one of the holes and comes in contact with the pegs
stopping the roller, consequently the delivery of the roving of the back feeding
roller.
The thread passing to the flyer when spinning passes over the bent end of the
front arm of the bent lever, pressing down the arm and lifting up the weighted
back arm; this back arm passes between the angular dropping down levers, and a
lever from each flyer or roller comes in contact with each dropping down angular
lever; the tension on the spinning thread keeps the catch out of gear with the
teeth or the rounded end out of the holes or from the pegs of the back roller,
allowing a free action to the roller, the weighted arm of the lever keeping the
catch or rounded end out of gear from the roller; but should a thread break or
become slack, the long arm would fall and slide on the dropping angular lever, and
force in gear the catch or the rounded end, and at once stop the delivery of the
roving:
We may employ instead of the dropping angular levers a bell cranked lever,
which works on a stud fitted in a light bearer which is secured onto a rail. The
top end of the bell cranked lever top arm is made with a catch or bent rounded end,
which on the breakage or stoppage of the thread comes in contact with a tooth,
hole, or peg stopping the back roller; the horizontal arm of the bell cranked lever
is fitted with a pin which comes in contact with the long bent lever when the
tension is on the thread, lifting up the horizontal arm and bringing the catch or
rounded end from contact with the back roller, allowing a free action to the roller;
but on the breakage or slackening of the thread, the curved arm falling downwards
removes the lever from contact with the stud or pin allowing the bell cranked lever
to fall forward and bring the catch or rounded end in contact with the roller,
stopping the back roller and delivery of the roving; a balance weight made to
screw on a screwed end of an arm of the bell cranked lever may be employed to
give a free action to the bell cranked lever.
By these means we prevent waste, roller lapping, snarles, and doubles.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent nied by
the said Edward Crossley, Louis John Crossley, and William Sutcliffe in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th January 1881.
EDWARD CROSSLEY and LOUIS JOHN CROSSLEY, Carpet Manufacturers, and
WILLIAM SUTCLIFFE, Manager of the Spinning Department, all three of Halifax,
in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING, AND IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
The said Invention relates to fitting simple and effective apparatus to spinning
frames for the purpose of stopping the progress of the roving towards the delivery
rollers on the breakage or slackening of the spun thread, thereby preventing waste,
roller lapping, snarls, and doubles.
For this purpose we construct the back rollers separate or single, giving a roller
to each set of roving threads, and to prevent the slipping of the roving through
the roller, we construct the frame with two back driving rollers of the same
diameters, and fitted on a level; the back separate or single roller rests between
or at an angle on the driving rollers, which produces a kind of wedge action, and
prevents the roving being drawn through when the stop motion is in action on the
the breakage or slackening of a thread; the inside faces of the back or feeding
rollers are made with rings having teeth, and smaller in diameter than the rollers,
and by preference we employ top back rollers made larger in diameter than those
heretofore in use.
Instead of the rings having teeth we may cast holes in a circle and on the sides
of the rollers, or pegs may be fitted in the sides of the rollers. To the bearers of
the front rollers we fix a rail extending the length of the spinning frame, to this
rail, and to each set of rollers we secure a light bracket having a jaw, in which fits
a boss cast or formed on a bent lever; a pin or stud secures the lever in the jaw,
and on the pin or stud works the lever; the front arm of this lever is bent to clear
the bottom front roller, and the end is fitted with a bent rod or wire, over which
passes the thread when spinning; the drag of the thread keeps down the front arm
and lifts up the back arm, which is made long enough to allow of the shifting of
the back rollers," and of altering the ratch according to the length of the staple
spinning; the end of the back arm is cut with a screw, on which screws a small
weight to regulate the counterbalancing of the leverage. To each spindle is fitted
a lever, and between and under each set of rollers is fitted a rail, to which is fitted
for each set of back rollers a light bracket, in the boss of which is fitted a pin or
stud, on which works the fulcrum of two angular dropping levers; the arms of the
fulcrum are weighted, and the fulcrum is out of centre with the rods. The top end
of each angular dropping lever or rod is made with a catch or with a bent rounded
end. The catch on the breakage or slackening of the thread comes in contact with
a tooth of the circle of teeth of the back roller or the bent rounded end enters one
of the holes or comes in contact with the pegs, thereby stopping the roller, and
consequently the delivery of the roving of the back feeding roller.
The thread passing to the flyer when spinning passes over the bent end of the
front arm of the bent lever, pressing down the arm and lifting up the weighted
back arm; this back arm passes between the angular dropping levers, and a lever
from each flyer or roller comes in contact with each dropping angular lever. The
tension on the spinning thread keeps the catch out of gear with the teeth or the
rounded end out of the holes or from the pegs of the back roller, allowing a free
action to the roller, the weighted arm of the lever keeping the catch or rounded
end out of gear from the roller. Should a thread break or become slack the long
arm would fall and slide on the dropping angular levers and force in gear the catch
or the rounded end, and at once stop the delivery of the roving.

page_text: Instead of the dropping angular levers we may employ a bell cranked lever
which works on a stud fitted to a light bearer which is secured onto a rail. The
top end of the bell cranked lever top arm is made with a catch or bent rounded
end, which, on the breakage or stoppage of the thread, comes in contact with a
tooth, hole, or peg, thereby stopping the back roller. The horizontal arm of the
bell cranked lever is fitted with a pin, which comes in contact with the long bent
lever when the tension is on the thread, lifting up the horizontal arm and bringing
the catch or rounded end from contact with the back roller, allowing a free action to
the roller; but on the breakage or slackening of the thread the curved arm falling
removes the lever from contact with the stud or pin, allowing the bell cranked
lever to fall forward and bring the catch or rounded end in contact with the
roller, thereby stopping the back roller and delivery of the roving; a balance
weight made to screw on a screwed end of an arm of the bell cranked lever may be
employed to give a free action to the bell cranked lever.
By these means we prevent waste, roller lapping, snarls, and doubles.
But in order to enable our improvements to be better understood, we will proceed
to more particularly describe the same by reference to the accompanying Drawing,
in which Figure 1 represents a side elevation of our improved apparatus, and
Figure 2 a front view of the same.
Similar letters of reference in both Figures are employed to represent similar
parts.
A, A, are the back rollers, which are made separate or single, and by preference
larger in diameter than those heretofore in use; a roller A is given to each set of
roving threads, and to prevent the slipping of the roving through the roller we fit
two rollers B and C of the same diameter, and on a level and at some distance
apart; consequently the roller A rests at an angle on the rollers B and C, producing
a kind of wedge action, which prevents the roving being drawn through when the
stop motion is in action on the breakage or slackening of a thread; the rollers B
and C are fitted and run in light brackets which are secured to the spinning frame.
The inside faces of the rollers A are made with rings D, having teeth D', or the
circles or rings may be made with holes, or we may fit pegs on the sides of the
rollers A. A rail E extending the length of the frame is fitted to the spinning
frame, and may be secured to the brackets F of the front rollers G and H; to the
rail E, and to each set of rollers is secured a light bracket I, having a jaw J in
which fits the boss K of a light lever L; a pin or stud M secures the lever in the
jaw, the lever working on the pin or stud M; the front arm N of the lever is bent
to clear the bottom roller G, and the end is formed with a projection O, in which is
fitted a wire or rod P, over which passes the thread to the flyer Q when spinning,
the drag of the thread keeping down the front arm N, and lifting up the arm L;
this arm is made of sufficient length to allow the shifting of the back roller A, and
of altering the ratch according to the length of the staple spinning; the arm is
formed or fitted with a rounded end or rod R, which is cut with a screw on which
to screw on or off a small weight S, to allow of regulating the counterbalancing of
the leverage, and the lever L is fitted between each set of rollers and to each
spindle.
A rail T is also fitted to the spinning frame, to which is fitted for each set of
back rollers A a light bracket U, in which is secured a stud V, on which work the
fulcrums of projecting arms W, of two dropping angular levers X; the arms W are
weighted, and the fulcrums are out of centre with the rods or levers X, and the top
ends Y of the levers are bent to form catches, or are rounded; the catch on the
breakage or slackening of the thread comes in contact with a tooth of the circle of
teeth D, or the rounded end enters one of the boles, or comes in contact with the
pegs, thereby stopping the roller A, and consequently the delivery of the roving of
the back feeding roller.
The thread Z passing to the flyer Q when spinning, passes over the wire or rod P,
pressing down the arm N, and lifting up the weighted lever L; this lever passes
between the two angular dropping levers ✗, and comes in contact with them.

page_text: The tension on the thread Z, and the weighted lever L, keeps the catch or rounded
end out of gear with the teeth, holes, or pegs, allowing a free action to the rollers A.
Should a thread break or become slack, the lever or arm L would fall and slide on
the angular dropping lever X, and force the catch or rounded end in gear with a
tooth, hole, or peg, and at once stop the delivery of the roving.
Having thus described our improvements, and the best means we are acquainted
with for carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that we do not
confine ourselves to the precise details shewn and described, as they may be varied
without departing from the peculiar character of the Invention, but what we do
claim is,
The arrangement, combination, and employment of the various parts for stopping
the roving or thread, on the breakage or slackening of the same, substantially as
and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis John Crossley, for and on behalf of
myself and the said Edward Crossley and William Sutcliffe, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty fourth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
20 Witness,
WALTER JAMES TURNER, C.E.,
Patent Agent,
Bradford.
LOUIS JOHN CROSSLEY. (L.S.)