IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING AND PARING OIL AND OTHER CAKES MADE FROM VEGETABLE SEEDS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Cowley, of Hull, Yorkshire, Millwright,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING AND
PARING OIL AND OTHER CAKES MADE FROM VEGETABLE SEEDS:"
Sealed the 6th April 1875, and dated the 6th October 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Cowley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th October 1874.
I, ISAAC COWLEY, of Hull, Yorkshire, Millwright, do-hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
CUTTING AND PARING OIL AND OTHER CAKES MADE FROM VEGETABLE SEEDS," to be
as follows:-
My improvements in machinery for cutting and paring oil and other
cakes made from vegetable seeds relate to a machine for the purpose of
paring or cutting the edges of the cakes to make them of an uniform
size, which has hitherto been done by hand in a less effective manner.

page_text: This machine is applicable to the cutting of linseed, rape, cotton, seed,
and other vegetable seed cakes. The machine consists of a cast-iron
plate, groove for the propeller to work in, knives, propeller to cause the
cake to pass to the knives, after which it returns for another cake, cross
knives to cut the ends of the cakes after the sides have been cut, which >
finished, the cake, a heart wheel, connecting rod, lever on rocking shaft
to work the propeller, movable slide to cause the knives to rise
according to the breadth of the cake and driving drum.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Isaac Cowley in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 6th April 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE. PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ISAAC
COWLEY, of Hull, Yorkshire, Millwright, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, -by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Isaac Cowley, Her special
license that I, the said Isaac Cowley, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Isaac Cowley, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR CUTTING AND PARING OIL AND OTHER CAKES MADE FROM VEGETABLE
SEEDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Isaac
Cowley, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Isaac Cowley, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
My improvements in machinery for cutting and paring oil and other
cakes made from vegetable seeds, relate to a machine for the purpose of
cutting or paring the edges of the cakes to make them of an uniform
size, which has hitherto been done in a less effective manner by hand.
This machine is applicable to the cutting of linseed, rape, cotton seed,
and other vegetable seed cakes, and consists of a vertical plate against
which the cake requiring to be cut is placed. In this plate is a slot or
groove guiding a propeller which moves the cake forward into the
proper position between the cutting knives. On a table or frame
carrying the vertical plate is fixed a knife for cutting the lower edge of
the cake as it passes over. Above this knife is another one moving in a
vertical slide for cutting the top or taper edge of the cake. The upper
knife is moved up and down and held in the required position by a
connecting rod; after passing between the horizontal knives the cake
is moved forward along the face of the plate until it comes between the
returned ends of a pair of double shears or vertical knives working on a
centre pin. These shears are then brought into operation and the ends
of the cake are cut or pared to the required size and shape. Two levers
or catches for holding the cake are then pressed down and the cake falls
into the hand of the attendant for removal, the propeller then bringing
forward another cake to be cut.
The whole of the operations are self-acting and worked by gearing and
levers carried by the framework below the plate. On a horizontal shaft
carried by bearings on the frame are fast and loose pulleys; the fast
pulley is keyed to the shaft, which also carries a small spur pinion
gearing into-a-spur wheel, and giving motion to a heart or cam wheel
which actuates the shears by a vertical bar and links, and also by means
of levers, the propeller, and the top or sliding knife.
And in order that my Invention may be better understood and more
readily put into operation, I will now proceed to describe the Sheet of
Drawings hereunto annexed, illustrating a front elevation, and elevation,
back elevation and plan of my improved machine. Similar letters of
reference refer to similar parts in the various views.

page_text: A is the vertical plate, against the face of which the cake is placed;
B is a groove or slot to guide the propeller D; C, O, are the horizontal
knives, the lower one being fixed at the table level and the upper one is
carried by a slide to adjust itself to the varying width of the cake; D is
the propeller for bringing forward the cake. This propeller after
traversing the whole of the stroke passes out at the wide opening. in the
slot and returns at the back of the plate, entering again at the back end
of the slot, allowing a fresh cake to be placed in position in the meantime;
E, E, are the shears for cutting the ends of the cake; F is the framework
carrying the gearing and levers; G is the heart or cam wheel made of the
proper shape to give the required motion to the shears, top knife, and the
propeller; H is a connecting rod from the cam wheel to the propeller
lever I; J is a vertical slide carrying the top knife and connected by
the connecting rod K to the lever I; L, L, are the driving pulleys;
M is the vertical bar giving motion by the links N, N, to the shears; :
O is the spur pinion gearing into the spur wheel P which gives motion
to the cam wheel; Q is a hand lever attached to the connecting rod;
R, R, are levers or catches for holding the cake while the ends are cut;
S is. a rocking shaft carrying the lever I.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my
said Invention and how the same may be carried into practical operation,
I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the exact
shape and arrangement as herein-before described, as the same may be
varied in many ways without departing from the principle of my
Invention, but what I do claim and desire to secure by the herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent is,—

page_text: And Fourthly. The arrangement of gearing, cam levers, and con-
necting rods for actuating the propeller knife and shears, as herein-before
described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Cowley, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
Witness,
CHARLES BARLOW,
Patent Agent,
23, Southampton Bldgs.,
W.O.
ISAAC COWLEY. (L.S.)