Improvements in or connected with the Ornamentation of Various Articles with Metals or Alloys.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 28th Oct., 1891-Accepted, 19th Dec., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Ornamentation of Various
Articles with Metals or Alloys.
1, RICHARD WILLIAM LAWS of Chandos Metal Works Chandos Street Strand
in the County of Middlesex Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in or connected with the ornamentation of
various articles with metals or alloys and has for its object to produce mosaic effects
by the combination with a metal base or foundation of pieces of metal or alloys of
various kinds and shapes and sometimes other substances such for example as
"vulcanite" or "vulcanized fibre in such manner that they will be securely
affixed thereto and inseparable therefrom by ordinary or even rough usage.
For this purpose I employ a metallic foundation either recessed or countersunk
to the thickness of the ornamenting pieces of metal or formed with a rim rising to
or nearly to the height or thickness thereof and in order to prepare this metal
foundation for the reception of such pieces I form therein by casting or otherwise a
number of holes or perforations corresponding with the number of the ornamenting
pieces of metal to be employed.
In order to prepare the ornamenting pieces of metal for attachment to the metal
foundation plate I form or fix upon the underside of each picce preferably by
casting or it might be by stamping or otherwise a stud or pin formed of a size to
enter any one of the holes in the metal foundation and project therethrough
sufficiently to afford sufficient metal for rivetting.
I arrange the required number of ornamenting pieces of metal upon the foundation
plate in this manner, that is to say, with their studs or pins inserted in the holes
thereof and I then rivet over the ends of the studs or pins by hammering cach
separately or by placing the entire device in a press and I afterwards run in
amongst them a suitable filling or cement or I may embed them in the cement
previous to the rivetting operation.
When this cement has become set and hard I smooth down both surfaces and
burnish and lacquer the front surface or for some purposes I may leave the same
dull.
When the ornamenting pieces of metal are to be formed square or of other
suitable plain shape I cast a number of them together with their studs or pins in
one piece and afterwards separate them by means of a circular saw or otherwise.
In combination with the ornamenting pieces of metal I may employ pieces of
vulcanite, vulcanized fibre, ebony, ivory, or other suitable material and I may
employ many kinds of metal or alloys and metals of various shades of colour.
By these means I am enabled to produce most artistic ornamental effects upon
various articles and that in such a permanent manner that they may be subjected to
any cleansing or polishing operation without fear of injury or breakage.
Dated this 28th day of January 1891.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Ornamentation of Various
Articles with Metals or Alloys.
I, RICHARD WILLIAM LAWS of Chandos Metal Works, Chandos Street, Strand
in the County of Middlesex Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in or connected with the ornamentation of
various articles with metals or alloys and has for its object to produce mosaic effects
by the combination with a metal base or foundation of pieces of metal or alloys of
various kinds and shapes and sometimes other substances such for example as
"vulcanite" or "vulcanized fibre" in such manner that they will be securely
affixed thereto and inseparable therefrom by ordinary or even rough usage.
For this purpose I employ a metallic foundation either recessed or countersunk
to the thickness of the ornamenting pieces of metal or formed with a rim rising to
or nearly to the height or thickness thereof and in order to prepare this metal
foundation for the reception of such pieces I form therein by casting or otherwise a
number of holes or perforations corresponding with the number of the ornamenting
pieces of metal to be employed.
In order to prepare the ornamenting pieces of metal for attachment to the metal
foundation plate I form or fix upon the underside of each piece preferably by
casting or it might be by stamping or otherwise a stud or pin formed of a size to
enter any one of the holes in the metal foundation and project therethrough
sufficiently to afford sufficient metal for rivetting.
I arrange the required number of ornamenting pieces of inetal upon the foundation
plate in this manner, that is to say with their studs or pins inserted in the holes
thereof and I then rivet over the ends of the studs or pins by hammering cach
separately or by placing the entire device in a press and I afterwards run in amongst
them a suitable filling or cement or 1 may embed them in the cement previous to
the rivetting operation.
When this cement has become set and hard I smooth down both surfaces and
burnish and lacquer the front surface, or for some purposes I may leave the same
dull.
When the ornamenting pieces of metal are to be formed square or of other suitable
plain shape I cast a number of them together with their studs or pins in one piece
and afterwards separate them by means of a circular saw or otherwise.
In combination with the ornamenting pieces of metal I may employ pieces of
vulcanite, vulcanized fibre ebony or ivory or other suitable material and I may
employ many kinds of metal or alloys and metals of various shades of colour.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed aided by the accompanying drawings more fully to
describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a plan of a disc of metal ornamented in accordance with my
invention.
Figure 2 is an edge view thereof.
Figure 3 is a transverse section taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 1 but partly
broken away.

page_text: Figure 7 is a plan of a metal tile illustrating a modification in the manner of
securing the ornamenting pieces of metal in place.
Figure 8 is an edge view thereof and
Figure 9 is a transverse section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 7 but partly
broken away.
Figure 10 is a plan illustrating the means represented at Figures 7 and 9 applied
to the construction of personal ornaments and
Figure 11 is a transverse section thereof.
In the several figures in which like parts are indicated by similar letters of
reference Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, and 9 are drawn to an enlarged scale for the sake
of clearness.
Referring to Figures 1 to 6 a represents the metallic base or foundation which
is formed with recesses or countersinks a' therein of the depth of the ornamenting
pieces of metal b or in lieu of the separate countersinks ¹ the base a might be
formed with a rim rising to or nearly to the height or thickness of the ornamenting
pieces of metal b but as this construction will be easily understood I have not
thought it necessary to give a drawing thereof.
In order to prepare the metal foundation a for the reception of the ornamenting
pieces I form therein by casting or otherwise a number of holes or per-
forations a² corresponding with the number of the ornamenting pieces of metal b to
be employed.
In order to prepare the ornamenting pieces of metal b for attachment to the
metal foundation plate a 1 form or fix upon the underside of each piece b
preferably by casting or it might be by stamping or otherwise a stud or pin & or *
formed of a size to enter any one of the holes or perforations a² in the metal
foundation plate a and project therethrough sufficiently to afford the requisite metal
for rivetting.
Those examples of studs or pins which are marked 6' are as shown more
particularly at Figures 4 and 5 rivetted into holes formed in the metal pieces b
whilst those which are marked * are as represented at Figure 6 formed upon the
metal pieces by casting or stamping.
I arrange the required number of ornamenting pieces of metal upon the
foundation plate a with their studs or pins 61 inserted in the holes or perforations a²
thereof and I then rivet over the ends of the studs or pins 6' by hammering cach
separately or by placing the entire device in a press and I afterwards run in
amongst the pieces of metal ba suitable filling or cement a³ which forms an
ornamental border thereto or 1 may embed them in the cement previous to the
rivetting operation.
I obtain a further ornamental effect by forming grooves and recesses a* in the
foundation a arranged in the desired pattern and I fill in such grooves and recesses
with cement a³.
When the cement a³ has become set and hard I smooth down both surfaces of
the plate a and burnish and lacquer the front surface or for some purposes I may
Ι
leave the same dull or oxidize it.
When the ornamenting pieces of metal bare to be formed square or of other
suitable plain shape I cast a number of them together with their studs or pins 6¹
in one piece therewith and afterwards separate them by means of a circular saw or
otherwise.
In combination with the ornamenting pieces of metal I may employ similar
pieces of vulcanite, vulcanized fibre, ebony, ivory or other suitable material having
similar metal studs or pins 1 screwed therein or otherwise fixed thereto and I
may employ many kinds of metal or alloys and metals of various shades of colour
in combination.
In the example given at Figures 7, 8 and 9 the base or foundation a is for
convenience of manufacture formed of two thicknesses of metal a* a * and the
foundation a is formed with recesses or channels a' therein by cutting openings of
the required shape and size through the part a*.

page_text: The inner faces of the parts a"
which have been previously coated with tin
are placed in contact and united by sweat soldering and the ornamenting pieces of
metal which in this case are formed without studs or pins b¹ are arranged in the
desired order within the recesses a¹ and the whole device is reheated to unite the
metal pieces with the part a** and if desired placed under a press.
The cement a³ is then run in amongst the metal pieces band into the separate
recesses a¹ to form part of the ornamental design and the entire device may
afterwards be burnished polished or otherwise finished.
The example given at Figures 10 and 11 is similar to that lastly hereinbefore
described and merely illustrates the application of the invention to personal
ornaments.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is-
1. In the ornamentation of articles with metals or alloys the combination of a
metal base or foundation formed with recesses therein a number of pieces of metal
or the like inserted in such recesses in the desired order and there fixed and a
filling of cement around such picces substantially as herein shown and described
and for the purpose stated.
2. In the ornamentation of articles with metals or alloys the combination of a
metal base or foundation formed with recesses and perforations therein a number
of pieces of metal or the like inserted in such recesses in the desired order and
formed with studs or pins to enter the perforations therein and serve as the fixing
means and a filling of cement around such pieces substantially as herein shown and
described and for the purpose stated.
Dated this 28th day of October 1891.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.