IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Jullien, of Molenbeek-St. Jean, near Brussels,
in the Kingdom of Belgium, Constructing Engineer, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Jullien at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd October 1881.
HENRI JULLIEN, of Molenbeck-St. Jean, near Brussels, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Constructing Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINES."
My Invention relates to printing machines for printing from flat type forms or
stereotype plates, and it consists of the improvements hereinafter described by
which both sides of the paper are enabled to be printed automatically and with
exact register during the passage through the machine of the paper from a roll of
endless paper, which paper, after the printing is effected, is severed into sheets of
the required size.
The said machine consists of a frame composed of four standards or columns,
affixed to a bed plate, and connected together at the top by a crest plate or frame.
At a suitable height above the bed plate, and at each side of the machine, is affixed
to two of the said standards or columns a girder or beam, which girders or boams
support in suitable bearings two rotatory cam shafts, upon each of which are affixed
two cains, and above the said cam shafts is mounted on the said columns or
standards so as to be capable of motion thereupon, a plate or frame hereinafter
called the type plate, the under side of which is provided with rollers which rest
upon the cams of the cam shaft, and are actuated thereby. Upon the upper part
of the said type plate is placed the form of type for printing one side of the paper.
Above the type plate is a fixed plate secured to the columns or standards, and
covered with woollen cloth on its under side; the paper is caused to pass between
the moveable type plate and the said fixed plate, and by the action of the cams
of the rotatory cam shaft the said type plate is caused to rise, and pressing the
paper between the type and fixed plate to give the impression of the type on one
side of the paper.

page_text: Above the fixed plate last mentioned there are two othe cam shafts, n type
plate, and a fixed plate arranged and mounted exactly similarly to those herein-
before described, and these last mentioned plates effect the impression on the other
side of the paper. The roll of paper is inounted on brackets at the end of the
machine. From the roll the paper passes to between drawing rollers actuated by
adjustable friction gear which regulate the feed. The paper is thence caused to
pass over a series of friction rollers or bars which keep it in a state of tension and
conduct it to between the lower type plate and fixed plate. It then passes to the
rear end of the machine, where it is conducted by rollers up to the level of the
under surface of the upper fixed plate. It is then caused to return to beyond the
front part of the said plate, where other rollers lead it up to the top of the machine,
where it is caused to pass between adjustable drawing rollers actuated inter-
mittently by ratchet gearing which deliver it to a cutting apparatus, which severs
the printed sheets from the endless band of paper. The last mentioned drawing
rollers are adjustable so as to draw through the machine intermittently the exact
quantity of paper required.
The action of the machine is as follows:-
The paper drawn off continuously from the roll by the first drawing rollers forms
aslack between the said drawing rollers and the series of friction or tension rollers
herein before alluded to.
The drawing rollers-at-the-top-of-the machine acting intermittently on the
band of paper take up the slack or pendant paper given off by the first drawing-
rollers, and draw the paper over the lower type plate and over the upper type
plate, and a portion of the paper printed on both sides passes to the cutters, and
having been severed falls onto an incline plane which collects the sheets. When 5
the paper is in position over each of the type-plates, the said type-plates being
actuated by the cams of their respective cam shafts, effect the printing, the under
type plate on one side of the paper and the upper type plate on the other side of
the paper.
The position of the guide rollers over which the paper passes is adjustable to suit
the dimensions of the sheets to be printed. The distribution of the ink is effected
by a series of metal rollers, upon the ends of which are toothed wheels geared
together so as to revolve in the same direction through the action of intermediary
toothed wheels. When the inking rollers have passed to and fro over the type
they return to their place and remain stationary during half a revolution of the
press. Whilst the said inking rollers are thus at rest the distributing rollers,
actuated by the same motion, get reinked, and then ink the metal rollers herein-
before described whilst the inking rollers are inking the type, and so forth. The
distribution of ink is effected by a series of rollers which feed cach other with ink
by means of rollers placed one above the other.
Motion is given to the different acting parts of the machine by suitable gearing
and levers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Henry Jullien in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th
March 1882.
HENRI JULLIEN, of Molenbeek-St. Jean, near Brussels, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Constructing Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING-MACHINES."
My Invention relates to printing machines for printing from flat typo forms or
stereotype plates, and it consists of the improvements hereinafter described, by
which both sides of the paper are enabled to be printed automatically, and with
exact register during the passage through the machine of the paper from a roll of
endless paper, which paper after the printing is effected is severed into sheets of
the required size. The said machine consists of a frame composed of four standards
or columns affixed to a bed plate, and connected together at the top by a crest
plate or framio. At a suitable height above the bed plate and at each side of the
machine is affixed to two of the said standards or columns a girder or beam, which
girders or beams support in suitable bearings two rotatory cam shafts, upon each of
which are affixed two cams; and above the said cam shafts is mounted on the said
columns or standards so as to be capable of motion thereupon a plate or frame
hereinafter called the type plate, the undersido of which is provided with rollers
which rest upon the cams of the cam shaft, and are actuated thereby. Upon the
upper part of the said type plate is placed the form of type for printing one side of
the paper.
Above the type-plate is a fixed plate secured to the columns or
standards, and covered with woollen cloth on its under side; the paper is caused to
pass between the moveablo typo plate and the said fixed plate, and by the action
of the cams of the rotatory cam shaft the said type plate is caused to rise, and
pressing the paper between the typo and fixed plate to give the impression of the
type on one side of the paper.
Above the fixed plate last mentioned there are two other cam shafts, a typo
plate, and a fixed plate arranged and mounted exactly similarly to those herein-
before described, and these last mentioned plates effect the impression on the other
side of the paper. The roll of paper is mounted on brackets at the end of the
machine. From the roll the paper passes to between drawing rollers actuated by
adjustable friction gear which regulato the feed. The paper is thence caused to
pass over a series of friction rollers or bars which keep it in a state of tension, and
conduct it to between the lower type plate and fixed plate. It thus passes to
the rear end of the machine, where it is conducted by rollers up to the level of
the under surface of the upper fixed plate. It is then caused to return to
beyond the front part of the said plate, where other rollers lead it up to the
top of the machine, where it is caused to pass between adjustable drawing rollers
actuated intermittently by ratchet gearing, which deliver it to a cutting apparatus
which severs the printed sheets from the endless band of paper. The last
mentioned drawing rollers are adjustable so as to draw through the machine
intermittently the exact quantity of paper required. The distribution of the ink
is effected by a series of metal rollers, upon the ends of which are toothed wheels
geared together so as to revolve in the same direction through the action of
intermediary toothed wheels. When the inking rollers have passed to and fro over
the type, they return to their place and remain stationary during half a revolution
of the press. Whilst the said inking rollers are thus at rest the distributing rollers
actuated by the same motion get re inked, and then ink the metal rollers berein-
before described whilst the inking rollers are inking the type, and so forth. The
distribution of ink is effected by a series of rollers, which feed each other with ink
by means of rollers placed one above the other.

page_text: DLotion is given to the different acting parts of the machine by suitable gearing
and levers.
Having now explained the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to describe
with reference to the accompanying Drawings the manner in which the same is to
be performed.
Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a printing machine constructed according
to my Invention; Figura 2 is a transverse section of the same, and Figure 3 is a
horizontal section of the same through the line A, B, Figure 1. The same letters
and figures of reference indicate the same parts where they occur in Figures 1, 2,
and 3.
a, u, a, a, are four standards or columns mounted on a bed plate a¹, and
connected together at the top by a crest plate or frame a. Above the said bed
plate u and at each side of the machine is affixed to two of the said standards or
columns a, a, a bean or girder b, b, which girders or heams support in suitable
bearings b, b, two rotatory cam shafts c, c, upon each of which are affixed two
cams c, c', and above the said cam shafts c, c, is mounted upon the four standards
or columns a, a, a, a, so as to be capable of a rising and falling motion thereupon,
the type plate d, the underside of which is provided with rollers d', d', resting
upon the cams c, c²; by the rotation of the said cams the rollers a, d¹, are actuated
so-as-to-cause the type plate to rise and fall, as will be readily understood. To the
upper side of the said type plate is connected-by-means-of-a-dove_tail_arrangement
a removeable sliding plate, to which-the-form.of_type for printing one side of the
paper is adjusted, and which may be removed entirely from the machine-for-tho-
purpose of adjusting the said form of type in position and correcting the type,
which operations could not be effected properly without removing the form of type
from the machine; e is a stationary plate or frame fixed to the four columns or
standards a, a, a, a, and covered with woollen cloth on its underside. Above the
fixed plate or frame c is mounted a second pair of girders or beams b³, b³, supporting
in bearings 6, 3, a second pair of cam shafts c³, c, each provided with two
cams c³, c³, a second type plate resting by its rollers d³, d³, on the cams c³, c³,
and a second fixed plate or frame e covered with woollen cloth on its under side.
The said girders or beams 6, &, cam shafts c, c², type plate d², and fixed plate
or frame e', which are for printing the second side of the paper, being constructed
and arranged similarly to those hereinbefore described, it is unnecessary to describe
them more particularly.
The roll of paper is mounted on brackets f¹ formed on the frame ƒ of the
machine. From the said roll f the paper g passes to between drawing rollers h, h',
the said drawing rollers h, ', being kept in contact and pressed one against the
other by set screws, so that the paper passing between them is held tightly and is
caused to advance by the rotation of the said drawing rollers with the same
velocity as that of the rollers. Upon the axis of the lower drawing roller is affixed
a friction disc h³ acted upon and rotated by an adjustable friction roller ³. The
Bnid friction roller h³ inay be moved nearer or further from the centre of the disc h³
by incaus of the clutch and levers, so as to regulate the velocity of the
rotation of the said dise and consequently that of the rollers 1, h, which supply
to the machine the required quantity of paper varying with the size of the sheets
to be printed. On leaving the friction rollers h, h, the paper which hangs slackly
at g' passes to a series of friction rollers and rods i, i, i, i, and is, which keep it
in a state of tension and conduct it to between the lower type plato d and the
lower fixed plate e.
It then passes to the rear end of the machine, where it is
conducted by adjustable rollers j, j, up to the level of the under surface of the
upper fixed plate e'. It then returns to beyond the front part of the said plate e¹,
where other guide rollers 2, 3, lend it up to the top of the machine; it then passes
between adjustable drawing rollers k, k, the lower one of which is actunted by
suitable ratchet gear and racks from which it receives intermittent rotatory motion,
the extent of which may be varied as required to suit the sizo of the printed sheets.
The roller k¹ consists of five cast iron rolls mounted loosely upon an axis; their
position may thus be varied and adjusted so as to cause them to press only upon

page_text: the blank parts of the printed sheet and not to macule the printing or give a soiled
impression. If required, springs and screws may be used to increase the pressure
of the said rolls one upon the other, thus causing them to grip the paper firmly
and to feed it forward at the same velocity as that of the rotation of the rollers.
On the drawing rollers k, k³, rotating they draw on a length of paper equal to
the length of one sheet, without however extending their action as far as tho
drawing rollers h, h, which might cause the paper to tear.
As soon as the drawing rollers k, k³, come to rest, the printed sheet which has
been fed forward is severed from the endless band of paper by the cutting
apparatus. The said cutting apparatus consists of two knives or cutters m, m²,
mounted in a suitable frame 1,. The lower cutter m is stationary, whilst the
upper cutter m² is capable of motion. The upper cutter m¹ is jointed to the
frame at m², and as its other end receives intermittent up and down motion from
the eccentric wheel n through the connecting rods n', n², and lever n³, the upper
knife or cutter m' remains in its elevated position whilst the drawing rollors k, k',
are moving, but as soon as the said drawing rollers k, l, come to rest the upper
cutter or knife descends and cuts off the portion of paper fed on by the said
rollers, ; and in order to regulate the action of the said cutters so that the
paper may be severed exactly in the blank spaces of the printing, the said cutting
apparatus with the rollers h, k, may bo moved forwards or backwards on the crest
plate or frame a². The ink is distributed and the inking of the lower form of
type d is effected as follows:-A series of metal rollers 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, are caused
to rotate all in the same direction by means of suitable toothed wheels upon their
ends gearing with intermediary wheels.
When the inking rollers p, p, p, p, have passed to and fro upon the form of
type d and upon the four first rollers o, o, o, o, they return to the position repre-
sented in Figure 1 and remain stationary during half a revolution of the machine.
At the same time the distributing rollers r, r, r, r, also change their position, and
passing onto the four last rollers o, o, o, o, from which they take up ink which they
distribute to the first metal rollers o, o, o, o. The distribution of the ink and the
inking of the upper form of type at d² are effected in a similar manner by the
distributing rollers 7, 71, 7, 71, the metal rollers o¹, o', o', o¹, o¹, o¹, o¹, o¹, and the
inking rollers p', p', p², p¹.
Motion is given to the acting parts of the machine from the driving shaft 8,
which works in suitable bearings 81, 8. Upon the said driving shaft are mounted
the fast and loose pulleys &, 8, a fly wheels, and a toothed pinion t, which pinion t
gears with a toothed wheel u upon the shaft u. Upon the said shaft u is also
affixed the toothed pinion u², which gears with and gives motion to the toothed
wheels 1, 2, 3, 4, mounted respectively upon the cam shafts c, c, c³, cs, by which
motion is given to the type plates. Upon the cam shaft c is mounted an eccentric
wheel 5, which, acting on a tappet or roller 6 and through it on a series of levers
and connecting rods 7, 8, 9, and 10 (which last is indicated in dotted lines in
Figure 1) gives intermittent motion to the inking rollers p, p, p, p, and through
the levers and connecting rods 11, 12, 13, 14, and 14 (indicated in dotted lines at
Figure 1) to the upper inking rollers p², p², p², p².
Upon the cam shaft c² is mounted a second eccentric wheel 15 similar to the
eccentric wheel 5; the said eccentric wheel 15, through a series of levers and
connecting rods 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, and 23 (the latter indicated in dotted lines)
gives motion to the distributing rollers r, r, r, r, and through the levers and
connecting rods 18, 25 (the latter indicated in dotted lines) to the upper distributing
rollers, 1, 7, 7. On the end of one of the cam shafts c (see Figure 3) is a bevel
wheel 26, which gives motion to the bevel wheel 27 on the spindle 28, and to the
friction wheel ³ for actuating the disc h³ and drawing rollers h, h'.
The action of the machine is as follows:-The paper drawn off continuously
from the rollf by the drawing rollers h, k, hangs slackly at g between the said
rollers h, h, and the series of friction rollers and rods i,,,, . The drawing
rollers,, acting intermittently upon the band of paper g and pendent paper gl

page_text: given off by the rollers h, h², take up the slack at-g' and draw the paper over the
lower type plate d, over the guide rollers j, j', and over the upper type plate d³,
and the portion of the paper which has been printed on both sides passes to
between the cutters m, m³, and having been severed from the rest of the paper
falls onto an inclined plane x, where the sheets are collected. When the paper is
in position over each of the type plates d, d², and its motion is arrested, the said
type-plates d, d², being actuated by the cams c', c', c³, c³, respectively rise and
effect the printing, the under type plate & upon one side of the paper and the
upper type plate d² on the other side of the paper, the drawing rollers k, k¹, being
regulated so as at each stroke to draw on the required length of paper for the
sheet already printed on one side by the lower type plato to present itself in exact
register above the upper type plate, and in order that the length of paper drawn
on should suit any size of printed sheet, the rollers j, j, are made adjustable in the
slides, of the arms, so that their position may be regulated by set screws,
one of which is represented at jo, Figuro 1.
As soon as the printing is effected the type plates through the action of the
cams descend and assume the position represented in the Drawing; the inking
rollers P, P, P, P. P², p', p', p², are then caused to pass to and fro over their
respective forms of type and to take up ink from the first metal rollers_0,0,0,0,
o', 0¹, o', o¹, respectively. They then return to the position indicated in Figure 1,
and remain stationary during half-a-revolution_of_the_machine. Whilst the said
inking rollers are inking the type the distributing rollers r,T,1º, 7, 1ºª², 7ª³, 1º¹²¯7ª³ pass-
on to the second series of metal rollers 0, 0, 0, 0, 0³, o¹, o', o', where they get reinked
and then return to the position represented in Figure 1, where they ink the first
series of metal rollers o, o, o, o, o', 0, 0, 0, respectively.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I wish it to be well understood that I do not confine myself
to the precise details hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my
said Invention,
But I claim as my said Invention of "Improvements in Printing Machines,"
Firstly. The construction and combination of the parts of printing machines,
substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings, by which both sides of the paper from a roll of endless paper are
printed automatically and with exact register from flat type forins or stereotype
plates during the passage of the paper through the machine, the paper after the
printing is effected being severed into sheets of the required size.
Secondly. The construction and the combination of the parts of the printing
mechanisın, herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings,
by which first one side and then the second side of the paper are printed during
the passage of the paper through the machine.
Thirdly. The combination and adaptation of parts of the mechanism for
feeding continuously to the machine the paper from a roll of endless paper, and
drawing the said paper intermittently through the machine, substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Jullien, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty fifth day of March, One thousand eight hundred and
HENRI JULLIEN. (L.S.)