IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES AND CIGAR HOLDERS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isac Lewis Pulvermacher, of Paris, France,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES AND
CIGAR HOLDERS."
Scaled the 4th June 1853, and dated the 4th December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isac Lewis Pul-
vermacher at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 4th December 1852.
I, ISAC LEWIS PULVERMACHER, of Paris, France, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PIPES AND CIGAR HOLDERS" to be as follows: —
In pipes and cigar holders as now constructed, the smoke is
drawn through the whole body of tobacco or of the cigar; now,
I propose so to construct pipes and cigar holders, that the sınoke
shall be only drawn through a small portion of the contents
thereof.
Figure 1, of the annexed Drawing, shews one of my improved
pipes: a, a¹ is the bowl; h, k, a cover to the bottom, carrying a tube
t, for the supply of air; z, z, is a perforated bottom or grating,

page_text: through which light is supplied; c, is a passage for the smoke into
the tube; s, is a purifying chamber, which may be filled with liquid,
through which the smoke may be allowed to pass before being
drawn into the mouth of the smoker; f, is a spring, fitted into a
telescope tube cover m, m², for the purpose of pressing down the
tobacco in the bowl, and maintaining a fresh supply to be lighted.
Other suitable arrangements may be substituted for the spring
presser m, m. There may be an opening through this cover for
the purpose of inhaling with the smoke the vapour of any aromatic
or other substance placed on the top of the tobacco. While smoking,
a new charge may be put into the bowl, and the smoker may con-
tinue smoking for an indefinite period without extinguishing his
pipe. It will be observed, that the smoke is only drawn through a
small portion of the supply in the bowl, instead of through the
whole mass as heretofore; and this, together with the facility of
charging the pipe while smoking, and the means of presenting a
fresh supply of tobacco for lighting, constitute the chief novelty of
my Invention.
Figures 6, & 7, represent my Invention applied to holders for
cigars and cigarettes. In the case of cigars, they must be pierced
in several places transversely. The cigar, cigarette, or tobacco is
placed into the tube a, either through the hinged mouth-piece shewn
in Figure 6, or through part of the tube itself, which is made to fall
back for the purpose on a hinge, as shown in Figure 7. K, is the cover
with air tube. The cigar is lighted at 2, 2, and the smoke is drawn
into the mouth through the dotted passages shewn in the Figures.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said Isac Lewis Pulvermacher in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th June 1853.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in
the sixteenth year of Her Reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Isac Louis Pulver-
macher, Her special licence that I, the said Isac Louis Pulver-
macher, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Isac Louis Pulverinacher, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PIPES AND CIGAR HOLDERS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Isac Louis l'ulvermacher, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Isac Louis Pulvermacher, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what man-
ner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following stateinent, reference being had
to the Drawings annexed (that is to say): -
In pipes and cigar holders, as now constructed, the smoke is
drawn through the whole body of tobacco, or of the cigar; now, I
propose so to construct pipes and cigar holders that the smoke shall
only be drawn through a small portion of the contents thereof.
Figure 1, of the annexed Drawings, shews one of my improved
pipes: a, a, is the bowl; h, k, a cover to the bottom, carrying a tube
t, for the supply of air; z,, is a perforated bottom or grating,
through which light is supplied; c, is a passage for the smoke into
the tube; s, is a purifying chamber, which may be filled with liquid,
through which the smoke may be made to pass before being drawn

page_text: into the mouth of the smoker; f, is a spring fitted into a telescope
tube cover,, for the purpose of pressing down the tobacco in
the bowl, and inaintaining a fresh supply to be lighted. Other
suitable arrangements may be substituted for the spring presser
172, m². There may be an opening through this cover, for the pur-
poso of inhaling with the sinoke the vapour of any aromatic or other
substance placed on the top of the tobacco. The smoke may be
made to pass through charcoal, or other similar purifying medium,
placed in the inhaling tube. While smoking, a new charge may be
put into the bowl, and the smoker may continue smoking for an
indefinite period, without extinguishing his pipe. It will be ob-
served, that the smoke is only drawn through a small portion of the
supply in the bowl, instead of through the whole mass as heretofore;
and this, together with the facility of charging the pipe while
smoking, and the means of presenting a fresh supply of tobacco for
lighting, constitute the chief novelty of my Invention.
Figure 2, and 3, represent my Invention applied to holders for
cigars and cigarettes. In the case of cigars, they must be pierced
in several places transversely. The cigar, cigarette, or tobacco is
placed into the tube a, either through the hinged mouth-piece
shewn in Figure 2, or through the part of the tube itself, which is
made to fall back for the purpose on a hinge, as shewn at Figure 3.
K, is the cover with air tube; the cigar is lighted at 2, z, and the
sinoke is drawn into the mouth through the dotted
slicwn
passages
in the figures. Figure 4, is a view of the pipe of the form that I
prefer, when made of any plastic material; y, is a stopper in the
purifying chamber, which may be removed, when it is required to
empty the same.
Figure 5, is a modification of an improved smoking apparatus,
constructed according to my improvements. It consists of two
tubes, A, and B, placed one within the other, so as to come in con-
tact throughout their length at part of their circumference (where
they are soldered together), but in such a manner as to leave
between them at the other part of their circumference, and through.
out their entire length, a space or passage C, as shown in the plan

page_text: n section Figure 6. The outer tube A, is cylindrical, the inner, B,
of a conical form, that is to say, gradually diminishing towards the
nouth piece. Throughout the length of each of the tubes, at the
part where they come in contact, is a slot D, the slot in one tube
precisely coinciding with that in the other tube, so as to form one
single opening. E, is a ferrule, which slides freely on the outer
tubes, as in ordinary pencil cases. On the inner surface of the fer-
rule is a sinall pin, which passes through the slot D, into the inner
tube, and carries at its further end a disc D', which is made to slide
within this tube by moving the ferrule E, to which it is attached.
F, is a cylindrical cover for the bottom of the apparatus; it must be
made of some material which is a non-conductor of heat, such as
clay, meerschaum, wood, or glass. In this cover are holes, f.ƒ,
through which the tobacco is lighted, and through which air is sup-
plied thereto: the ashes which collect in the bottom of the cover
may be removed through these perforations. g, is a ring or collar
on the inner surface of the cylindrical cover G, which is used instead
of the grating z, described in Figure 1. G' is a hollow ring, having
a flange or collar, and soldered or otherwise hermetically fastened
round the lower part of the tube A. H, is a semi-circular stopper,
closing in the passage C, near the lower end. h, is a hole in this
stopper; i, an aperture in the outer tube, leading into the hollow
area of the ring G; j, is a knob or plug in the ring. A mouth
piece, in amber, ivory, or other suitable material, may be added; but
when a mouth piece is not used, I place at k, near the top of the
tube, a stopper of the same form as the stopper H, having a central
perforation like that stopper; or, instead of the second stopper, the
inner tube may be widened at that end, so as to form a collar, and
to fill up the space between itself and the outer tube, in which case
a perforation may be made in the collar.
When the apparatus is to be made use of, the ferrule E, is removed,
and the inner tube B, filled with tobacco up to the ring or collar,
g, the tobacco being introduced by the top; the ferrule is re-placed,
and the tobacco lighted through the holes in the cover, the smoke
5 will then ascend through the hole h, in the stopper or plug H, into

page_text: the passage C, and a portion of the smoke becoming condensed o
the surfaces of the tube, drops, mixed with the nicotine, &c. arising
from the tobacco, down the sides, and falls through the hole i, into
the hollow space or area of the ring G, whence it may be removed
through the hole in which the plug j, is inserted. In proportion as
the tobacco is consumed, it may be made to advance by means of the
ferrule E, and disc. A bent, or U shaped tube, may be added to the
ring G, passing from the side of the ring in which is the hole i, round
the bottom of the cover, to the other side of G, near to where the
plug j, is placed; or, instead of the arrangement of ferrule previously
described, for making the tobacco advance, the outside of the tube
may be screw threaded, and the ferrule made to work in the threads,
or the ferrule may be caused to advance by means of a spiral or other
suitable spring.
Figure 7, is a view of a cigar or cigarette holder, arranged accord-
ing to my improvements. Here, instead of having only a narrow
slot as at D, in Figure 5, I cut about half of cach tube throughout
its entire length, so as to leave a much wider opening, and then
solder the edges, a, a, of the inner tube to the corresponding edges
of the outer tube, leaving as before a space or passage between the
tubes for the smoke as at C, Figure 5. The cigar is held between
these edges, which may be bent nearer to or further from each other,
as required, so as to suit different sizes of cigars. About half way
down each of the edges a, a, and exactly opposite to each other, I
cut a slot b, b, in which I fix a knife or blade, c, in such a manner as
to cut a slit in the cigar (corresponding to the length of the slot b, b),
as it passes these openings, whereby the smoke, nicotine, &c. from
the cigar pass into the passage C, between the tubes shewn in the
plan, in section Figure 7. Round the outer tube A, and just at
the part where the openings b, b, are cut, is placed a hollow oval ring,
E, the ends of which do not quite meet, but hold a spring between
them, whereby the cigar is kept firmly pressed against the slots,
and kept steady in the holder throughout. The holder is furnished
with a sliding ferrule F, with a cap or disc attached, for causing the
cigar to advance in proportion as it is consumed. I add a small

page_text: cylindrical chamber to each end of the holder; the upper one L, is
for containing any aromatic or purifying substance. To this chamber
a mouth piece may be screwed. The lower chamber M, is for receiv.
ing the condensed vapours as they fall down the sides of the space C.
A cap N, is screwed to the chamber M, for receiving the ashes; o, is
a stay or bar, against which the lighted end of the cigar rests, and
which I use instead of the grating z, z, Fig. 1.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not
confine myself to the precise shape or form of pipes and cigar holders
represented in the Drawings hereunto annexed and herein-before
described; but I claim the construction of pipes and cigar holders
in such manner that the smoke shall not be drawn through the whole
or the greater part of the contents thereof, in the manner herein-
before described; and so that fresh tobacco shall be caused to supply
the place of that which has been consumed, by causing it to advance
towards a fixed or stationary point of ignition, by means of a spring
or other equivalent, until the whole of the tobacco shall have been
consumed. I also claim the particular modifications shewn in Figures
5 and 7, herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isac Louis Pulvermacher, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of June,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
J. L. PULVERMACHER. (L.S.)