IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HOT WATER CY- LINDERS AND HOT WATER CISTERNS FOR HOT WATER BATHS AND DOMESTIC PURPOSES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jaines Clifford Morgan, of Baths Works, Rotherham,
in the County of York, Stove Grate Manufacturer and Ironfounder, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HOT WATER CY-
LINDERS AND HOT WATER CISTERNS FOR HOT WATER BATHS AND DOMESTIC
PURPOSES"
Sealed the 8th June 1877, and dated the 17th March 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Clifford Morgan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th March 1877.
JAMES CLIFFORD MORGAN, of Baths Works, Rotherham, in the County of
York, Stove Grate Manufacturer and Ironfounder. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF HOT WATER CYLINDERS AND HOT WATER CISTERNS FOR HOT
WATER BATHS AND DOMESTIC PURPOSES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in the construction of hot water
cylinders and hot water cisterns for hot water for baths and domestic purposes.
The improvements consist first in making the sides and domed tops and rounded
bottoms of hot water cylinders, which may be round or other shape, corrugated,
waved, ridged, or bent either vertically, horizontally, or diagonally, in small or large
waves, corrugations, ridges, or bends. This form of construction ensures great
strength with a lessened thickness of metal, much elasticity for expansion and
contraction, and cheapness otherwise unattainable. I also form such cylinders of
cast iron.
Hot water cisterns and other cisterns and vessels for containing liquids I simi-
larly form of cast iron, and with the sides, tops, and bottoms corrugated, waved,
ridged, or bent, in small or large waves, corrugations, ridges, or bends, thereby
avoiding cracking from atmospheric and other influences, as well as securing great
strength with lightness and cheapness, and giving elasticity for contraction and
expansion.
Cisterns for hot water and other cisterns thus made with the sides and bottoms
Corrugated, waved, or ridged I, in some cases, make with a lute cast on inside
around the top, and with the inner edge of the lute lower than the outer, in order
that when the lute is full of water (from the condensation of steam) and overflows,

page_text: the overflowing water shall flow again into the cistern. The covers of such cisterns
I form in the manner described in the Specification of a former Patent, granted to
me and others, No. 3105, in the year 1808.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Clifford Morgan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th
September 1877.
JAMES CLIFFORD MORGAN, of Baths Works, Rotherham, in the County of York,
Stove Grato Manufacturer and Ironfounder. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF HOT WATER CYLINDERS AND HOT WATER CISTERNS FOR HOT
WATER BATHS AND DOMESTIC PURPOSES."
Hot water cylinders have usually been made of copper and galvanized iron with
plain parallel sides, and without man-hole for cleaning and otherwise attending to
the fittings.
This Invention consists first in a novel application of cast iron for the making of
hot water cylinders, being more free from poisonous impurities than other materials
in uso for the purpose; and also in the form of construction of such cylinders, the
sides, dome top, and rounded bottom being all fluted, corrugated, waved, or rigid
with small or large waves, flutes, corrugations, or ridges, either vertically, horizon-
tally, or diagonally; the shape of the horizontal section of cylinder may be either
round, oval, or other shape, but I prefer round, and the vertical section to be
conical.
I have chosen the dimensions of a height of about 3 or 4 feet, and a diameter of
21 inches outside at the bottom, and 15 inches outside at the top, giving a mean of
about 18 inches, as the most useful and strongest form, but this can be varied.
This form and size, however, secures the greatest strength and elasticity for expan-
sion and contraction after being cast, or from the action of the hot water whilst
working, with a lesser quantity of metal, and cheaper than former constructions.
The inan-hole is so constructed that the greater the pressure the tighter will be
the joint, and being fitted with a novel construction of cross bar makes a secure
stand for the whole.
Figure 1 of the Drawings hereunto annexed shows a plan view of the dome top
of one of such cylinders.
Figure 2, an elevation of the cylinder with attachments on, showing the vertically
fluted or corrugated sides, and showing the cylinder standing on its base made by
the cross bar employed for securing the man-hole.
Figuro 3 is a vertical section showing how the man-hole is secured, it may be
either by four bolts, or it might be by a single bolt.
Figure 4 is a horizontal section showing man-hole and cross bar.
Another part of my Invention consists in making the sides and bottoms of hot
water and other cisterns of the same shape as the cylinder, that is, the bottom and
sides to be fluted, waved, corrugated, or ridged, cither vertically, horizontally, or
diagonally, either small or large, to permit the more perfect expansion and contrac-
tion, and with or without lutes for receiving a lid, the lutes, when lutes are used,
being cast on the inner edge somewhat lower than the outer to make a steam-tight
joint. The lid or cover, if one is used, may be formed in the same way as the dome
top of cylinder; this secures in cistern and cover greater liberty of expansion and
contraction, greater strength, less metal, and cheapness.
The shape of the cisterns may be oval, round, or square, with rounded corners.
I do not confine myself rigidly to the conformations or sizes of the cylinders or
cisterns as described in these particulars, they may be varied to suit con-
venience and other considerations, and other forms may be adopted; but I
claim,―
First. The construction of hot water cylinders, substantially as herein-before
described.

page_text: Second. The construction of hot water cylinders with man-hole at the bottom,
secured in the manner herein-before described.
Third. The construction of hot water cylinders of cast iron, fluted, corrugated,
waved, or ridged, as herein-before described.
Fourth. The construction of hot water and other cisterns of cast iron, with the
bottom and sides fluted, waved, corrugated, or ridged, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Clifford Morgan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
J. C. MORGAN. (L.S.)