New or Improved Compound, applicable for Rendering Articles Waterproof or Airtight, or as a Cement or Varnish, or for other similar purposes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Aug., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 6th May, 1896-Accepted, 6th Aug., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Compound, applicable for Rendering Articles
Waterproof or Airtight, or as a Cement or Varnish, or for
other similar purposes.
I, ANTHONY PULBROOK, of 14 Victoria House, South Lambeth Road in the
County of Surrey, Solicitor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
For the purposes of this invention I dissolve balata or other like gum derived
from trees of the order Sapotureæ, in any suitable solvent, such as, for example, a
hydrocarbon liquid, bisulphide of carbon, chloroform, or warm mineral naphtha.
I then dissolve indiarubber in the same or other suitable solvent, and intimately
mix the two solutions together by stirring or agitation.
When using mineral naphtha, which is preferable for many purposes, I
sometimes add petroleum ether to the mixture; or I may dissolve the indiarubber
in petroleur ether alone, and mix the solution thus produced with the above named
solution of balata.
The mixture is preferably kept warm while being stirred or agitated, as the
homogeneity of the compound is thereby better secured.
For some purposes I make a weak solution of balata, or other like gum of the
kind above specified, and use only the light coloured jelly like substance remaining
on the top of the solution after cooling, and after the darker coloured portion of
the balata, or like gum, has settled to the bottom.
The compound may be used warm or cold according to circumstances.
1005
A. PULBROOK,
Per W. H. Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.
New or Improved Compound, applicable for Rendering Articles
Waterproof or Airtight, or as a Cement or Varnish, or for
other similar purposes.
I, ANTHONY PULBROOK, formerly of 14 Victoria House, South Lambeth Road
in the County of Surrey, but at present of 8 Unwin Mansions, Queen's Club
Gardens, West Kensington, in the County of Middlesex, Solicitor, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
It is well known that indiarubber forms a flexible varnish for waterproofing, or
rendering airtight various textile and other fabrics and inaterials; but it has the
disadvantage of being very susceptible to changes of temperature, unless vulcanized,
in which case the sulphur used in the vulcanizing process is liable to act injuriously
on the animal or vegetable tissues.

page_text: The compound forming the subject of my present invention acts well without
being vulcanized; it is a remarkably flexible compound, well adapted to the
requirements of the materials which are generally made waterproof or airtight by
means of such compounds, especially leather or textile fabrics, and it assists
leather, or tanned, tawed, or otherwise dressed skins to withstand moisture, and to
remain flexible when dry.
For the purposes of this invention I dissolve balata, which is the dried sap of trees
known as Mimusops Balata, Vimusops Globosa and Sapota Mulleri, or other like
gum derived from trees of the order Sapotaceae, in any suitable known solvent,
such as bi-sulphide of carbon, chloroform, warm mineral naphtha or other suitable
hydrocarbon.
I then dissolve indiarubber in the same, or other suitable solvent capable of
forming a homogeneous mixture with the solvent used to dissolve the balata, and
I intimately mix the two solutions together by stirring or agitation, preferably
while the solutions are in a warm condition.
When using mineral naphtha to dissolve the balata or other like gum, I warm
the naphtha in the first instance, and then drop shreds of balata, or other like
gum, into it, and keep it warm until the gum is dissolved. I then preferably raise
the temperature of the solution somewhat to render it as tenuous as possible.
I then thoroughly stir it, and allow it to settle while at that temperature, by
which means any impurities are allowed to fall to the bottom, and I then draw off
the supernatant liquid thus freed from impurities.
I dissolve masticated indiarubber in the same kind of solvent as the balata, or
in a solvent which will mix with the same solvent and form one homogeneous mass,
such as, for example, mineral naphtha and petroleum ether, and then mix the two
solutions together.
The mixture is preferably kept warm while being stirred or agitated, as the
homogeneity of the compound is thereby better secured; and I preferably use the
compound in a warm state.
When using the compound for leather or textile or other fabrics of a greasy or
oily character I first remove every particle of grease, fat, or oil from the material,
by any of the known processes for that purpose, and use the compound in the first
instance very thin, so that it may penetrate every part of the material, which
I allow to remain in the compound in a warm state for a sufficient length of time
to effect the desired object. I then remove the material and let it dry, preferably
in a warm dry atmosphere. I repeat the operation again and again until the
compound is thoroughly incorporated with the material, using a thicker solution
each time.
Sometimes I use the compound with a brush, like paint or varnish, allowing each
coat to dry before applying the next one.
For some purposes after dissolving the balata or other like gum derived from
trees of the order Sapotacea, as above described, I allow the solution to settle and
then draw off the clear supernatant liquid, when this liquid cools it forms a whitish
or pale coloured, soft, broken-up jelly-like substance which I remove for use.
Instead of drawing off the supernatant liquid the whole of the solution may be
allowed to cool, and the aforesaid jelly-like substance .found on the top removed
for use.
When this substance is remelted by reheating it, it may be mixed with
the indiarubber solution. Sometimes I use this substance alone without indiarubber,
but I prefer to make the compound as above described.
When using the compound as a cement, I do not allow it to get as dry as may be
allowed with the well known indiarubber solution; but after applying the
compound to the parts to be connected together, I only allow sufficient time for
the cement to become tacky, and I then press the parts together until the cement
is dry; whereby a very strong and flexible joint is produced.
I do not limit myself to any particular proportions of the gums to the solvents,
or of the solutions to one another, as they may be varied according to the purpose
to which the compound is to be applied.

page_text: I am aware that ordinary gutta percha, which is a gum derived from a tree of
the order Sapotaceae, has already been used as a cement when mixed with india-
rubber, and I make no claim generally to the use of such a mixture; but when
using gutta percha I only use that part thereof which forms the light coloured
jelly-like substance above described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The new or improved compound which consists of a mixture of solutions
of balata or other like gum, other than gutta percha derived from trees of the
order Sapotacea and of indiarubber in hydrocarbon liquid, substantially as
described, and for the purposes specified.
Second. The new or improved compound which consists of the light coloured
jelly-like substance derived from trees of the order Sapotaceae, dissolved in
hydrocarbon liquid, substantially as described, and for the purposes specified.
Dated this fith day of May 1806
A. PULBROOK,
Per W. H. Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.
A. PULBROOK,
Per W. H. Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.