IMPROVEMENTS IN REVOLVING' SHUTTERS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Stones, of Ulverston, Thomas Kirby, of Barrow in
Furness, and Evan Phillips, of Ulverston, all in the County of Lancaster, for
an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN REVOLVING' SHUTTERS."
4
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Stones, Thomas Kirby,
and Evan Phillips at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
11th January 1881.
JOHN STONES, of Ulverston, THOMAS KIRBY, of Barrow in Furness, and EVAN
PHILLIPS, of Ulverston, all in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
REVOLVING SHUTTERS.”
16
One object of this Invention is to cause such shutters to revolve with greater
ease and with less friction than heretofore, and for this purpose we provide
efficient means of lubrication for the "ends" of-the roller or shaft on which the
shutter coils, or for the lubrication of the spring box or roller, or for the parts
connected therewith.
As applied to new revolving shutters, say, of the construction in which the/
"ends
are each formed with a projecting spiral rim working in a tooth-rack, and
where the gudgeon of the shaft runs on a bed as the shutter coils or uncoils, we
form or fit each "end" with a chamber for containing the lubricant. Where
space is of importance we make this chamber of a form suitable for the shutter to
coil on, that is, with a spiral outline and a set off equal to the thickness of the
shutter. From this lubricating chamber we lead a small pipe or conduit to a
small hole in the end wall of the "end." The pipe and the hole should be so
proportioned that for every revolution of the shutter shaft only a very small
quantity, or, say, a drop, should escape by the exit hole. The latter may be fitted
with a wick; the oil drops on to the spiral rim and on to the gudgeon; there is a
filling hole closed by a plug. By this automatic lubrication we ensure the easy
working and diminished wear of the ends and parts connected therewith.
As applied to existing shutters we fit the shaft with an oil chamber at the inner...
side of each "end."
Shutters of other constructions may also be fitted or formed with our oil
chamber, and lubricated automatically thereby.

page_text: Another mode of lubrication is to fit or form the end brackets or fixed parts
carrying the shutter shaft or spring box with an oil chamber provided with an
exit pipe, the outlet end of which is placed conveniently for the part to be lubri-
cated, and may be fitted with a wick, which, each time some part of the revolving
shutter roller end, bracket, chain, or spring box comes in contact therewith, wipes
off or releases a drop of oil, which then drops on to the part to be lubricated. Or
a small plunger. or piston similarly actuated, say, by some part of the shutter
itself, may be caused periodically to force out or release a certain small quantity
of oil.
In connection with the means above described for lubricating revolving shutters
we make the shutter shaft in the form of a square bar of wood or iron, and fit the
"ends" thereon so that the shutters rest on the ends or oil chambers. Where
intermediate supports are needed for wide shutters they can be used as oil
chambers. We provide the shaft at such places with one or more spiral shaped
discs, with set off for the thickness of the shutter.
Another part of our Invention relates to the backward and forward motion of
revolving shutters.
The object of this part of our Invention is also to cause revolving shutters to
revolve with greater ease and with less drag or friction than hitherto found
practicable, and at the same time to cause them to fall vertically from the roller
into the grooves."
евер
175
On the end or side of the plate or grooved pulley which carries the chain,
band, or cord there is cast or cut a spiral groove of V, round, or other shape
(V preferred).
In the said spiral grooves works a roller of V or other shape corresponding with
the groove. This roller is fixed (to revolve) in a bracket, on which the end roller
carries the roller on which the shutter coils backwards and forwards.
On one end of the roller on which the shutter coils there is a grooved pulley in
which the chain carrying the weight works, and on the end or outer side of which
there are helical or spiral grooves. On the other end of roller on which the
shutter coils there may be used a similar grooved pulley (for carrying chain with
weight) with corresponding helical or spiral grooves, but in case it may be found
unnecessary or inconvenient to employ a deep grooved pulley at both ends we use.
a single plate on one end, and the side or outer end of which is cast or cut
helical or spiral grooves corresponding to those on the grooved pulley, in
which spiral grooves also runs the V or other shaped roller which is fixed in
bracket.
The spiral or helical grooves referred to are cast or cut of various widths and
depths, according to the thickness of shutter and as practice may dictate.
Or instead of using one roller only of V or other shape a series of rollers fixed
(to revolve) in a bracket may be used, and only one spiral cast or cut groove made
on the side or end of plate or grooved pulley.

page_text: '
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Stones, Thomas Kirby, and Evan Phillips in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 11th July 1881.
JOHN STONES, of Ulverston, THOMAS KIRBY, of Barrow, in Furness, and EVAN
PHILLIPS, of Ulverston, all in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
REVOLVING, SHUTTERS."
One object of this Invention is to cause revolving shutters to revolve with greater
ease and with less friction than heretofore, and for this purpose we provide efficient
means of lubrication for the "ends" of the roller or shaft on which the shutter
coils, or for the lubrication of the spring box or roller, or for the parts connected
therewith.
J
And in order that this our Invention may be more fully understood, we will
describe the same with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
Figure 1 is an end view, and Figure 2 a part sectional side view illustrating the
Invention as applied to new revolving shutters of the "Stone's" revolving shutter
construction, in which the ends A are each formed with a projecting spiral
rim A' working in a tooth rack B' on the bed bracket B, and where the gudgeon C¹
of the shaft C runs on a bed, which may be the top edge of the bed bracket B, as
here shown, as the shutter coils or uncoils. According to this Invention we form or
fit each end A with a chamber A2 for containing the lubricant. Where space is of
importance we make this chamber, as here shown, of a form suitable for the shutter
to coil on, that is; with a spiral outline and a set off A³ equal to the thickness of
the shutter, as shown in Figure 3, which is an end view in section of the oil
chamber. From this lubricating chamber A³ we lead a small pipe or conduit D to
a small hole in the end wall of the "end.". The pipe D and the hole should be so
proportioned that for every revolution of the shutter shaft C only a very small
quantity or, say, a drop, should escape by the exit hole; the latter may be fitted
with a wick; the oil drops on to the spiral rim A' and on to the gudgeon C¹; there
is a filling hole closed by a plug A. By this automatic lubrication we ensure the
easy working and diminished wear of the ends and parts connected therewith.
.
As applied to existing shutters we fit the shaft with an oil chamber at the inner
side of each "end," such oil chamber being then a separate part or casting, but
when applied to new shutters the oil chamber may, where convenient, be cast in
one with the "end."
Shutters of other constructions may also be fitted or formed with our oil
chamber, and lubricated automatically thereby.
Another mode of lubrication is illustrated at Figure 4, which is an end view of a
shutter "end." According to this we fit or form the end brackets B, or fixed parts
carrying the shutter shaft or spring box, with an oil chamber E provided with an
exit pipe F, the outlet end of which is placed conveniently for the part to be
lubricated and may be fitted with a wick F¹, which each time some part of the
revolving shutter roller end, or bracket thereon, or chain or spring box comes in
contact therewith wipes off or releases a drop of oil, which then drops on to the
part to be lubricated. Or a small plunger or piston similarly actuated, say, by
some part of the shutter itself, may be caused periodically to force out or release a
certain small quantity of oil. In Figure 5 we have shown an oil cup E with cock F
having a weighted lever G fitted to its plug; each time the gudgeon C¹ of the shutter
shaft in its travel in one direction comes past the lever G it moves it so as to open
the cock for a moment, allowing a drop or two of oil to fall on to the gudgeon or its
bed, the weight of the lever causing it to return to its normal closed position at
once.
*
In connection with the means above described for lubricating revolving shutters,

page_text: we make the shutter shaft in the form of a square bar C of wood or iron, and fit
the "ends" thereon so that the shutters rest on the ends or oil chambers A³, as
shown in the previous examples: Where intermediate supports are needed for wide
shutters, they may be made the same shape as the oil chambers; we provide the
shaft at such places with one or more spiral shaped discs H, Figure 6, with set off,
as shown at H', for the thickness of the shutter, the outer contour or form being
similar to that of the oil chamber A2, shown at Figure 3.
Another part of our Invention relates to the backward and forward motion of
revolving shutters, and will now be described with reference to the accompanying
Drawings. The object of this part of our Invention is also to cause revolving
shutters to revolve with greater ease and with less drag or friction than hitherto
found practicable, and at the same time to cause them to fall or hang vertically
from the roller into the grooves.
"
Figures 7 and 8 are two ends views of an "end" constructed according to this
part, and shown in two different positions relatively to the bracket or bed B, on the
top of which the shaft gudgeon Crolls; Figure 9 is a vertical longitudinal section
through the "end," and through an oil chamber A² of our construction placed
against it; Figure 10 is a vertical transverse section through the oil chamber. On the
'end" or side of the grooved pulley A which carries the chain, band, or cord, there
is cast or cut a spiral groove of V, round, or other shape, but by preference of the
V shape, as here shown. In the said spiral groove works a roller B¹ of a shape
corresponding with that of the groove. This roller B¹ is fitted between horns or
brackets on the plate or bracket B, on the top edge of which the end roller C² on
the shutter shaft works backwards and forwards as the shutter coils or uncoils
thereon. As the friction between the roller B¹ and the spiral or helical groove.is
rolling friction, and means are provided for efficient and regular yet economical
lubrication, the friction will be much less than that in Stone's revolving shutters,
having a scroll plate working in rack teeth, as described with reference to
Figures 1, 2, and 3, and much less than that of some other revolving shutters now
in general use, and revolving shutters, even of large dimensions, may, by this
construction, be raised and lowered with facility. On one end of the shaft or
roller on which the shutter coils, there is the grooved pulley A, Figure 9, in which
works the chain carrying the weight, and the end or outer side or face of which is
formed with the V shaped or other spiral groove. On the other end of this shaft
roller on which the shutter coils, there may be used a similar grooved pulley A
(for carrying the chain with weight) with similar helical or spiral grooves, but in
case it may be found unnecessary or inconvenient to employ a deep grooved pulley
at both ends, we use a single plate only, as shown in plan section at Figure 11, and
on the side or outer face of which is cast or cut a helical or spiral groove corre-
sponding to that on the grooved pulley A, Figure 9, and in the said spiral groove
also runs a V or other shaped roller B', which is fitted to the bracket B, so as to
work freely therein. C2 is a roller on the gudgeon C¹ to diminish the friction.
The spiral or helical grooves referred to are cast or cut of various widths and
depths, according to the thickness of shutter, and as in practice may be found most
convenient.
Or instead of using one roller B' only of V or other shape, we may use a series
of rollers. Figures 12 and 13 are end views of such an arrangement of scroll plate
or "end" shown in two different positions relatively to the bracket B on which the
gudgeon C¹ of the shutter shaft works; Figure 14 is a vertical longitudinal section,
and Figure 15 an end view of our oil chamber which may be used in connection
therewith. We have shown five rollers B¹ all mounted between the same centres
on the bracket or plate B. In this case we only use one spiral or helical cast or
cut groove, or rather only one evolution of the same on the side or end face of the
plate or grooved pulley A.
And having thus described the nature of this our Invention, and modes of
carrying the same into effect, we declare that we claim,---
Firstly. The mode of supplying the working parts of revolving shutters

page_text: automatically with a small but sufficient amount of lubricating material from oil
chambers fitted on the revolving shutter shaft, or on stationary parts in proximity
thereto, substantially as set forth.
Secondly. The application of one or more friction rollers working in helical or
spiral groove or grooves on the ends of the revolving shutter shaft, for the purpose
of causing the shutters to revolve with less friction, and at the same time to hang
vertically, all substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Stones, for myself and on behalf of the
said Thomas Kirby and Evan Phillips, have hereunto set my hand and seal,
this Seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty one.
JOHN STONES. (L.s.)