Year: 1883

page_text: We CHARLES RUMBLE and FREDERICK SEAR, Chemists both of Belmont Works
Battersea in the County of Surrey seek leave to amend the specification of Letters
Patent, No. 4264 of 1883, as shown in red ink in the copy of the original
specification hereunto annexed and marked "A" :—
Our reasons for making this amendment are as follows:-
That we desire to add to our specification a reference to certain prior specifi-
cations and to render it clear that our claims do not extend to processes therein
described.
In the matter of the application made by Charles Rumble and Frederick Sear
for leave to amend the Specification of Letters Patent N° 4264 of 1883.
I hereby grant leave to the said Charles Rumble and Frederick Sear to amend
the said Specification in the manner proposed.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Rumble and Frederick Sear Chemists both of
Belmont Works Battersea in the County of Surrey for an Invention of "A
NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE SEPARATION OF GLYCERINE FROM
FATTY SUBSTANCES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Rumble and
Frederick Scar at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
5th September 1883..
CHARLES RUMBLE and FREDERICK SEAR Chemists both of Belmont Works
Battersea in the County of Surrey "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE
SEPARATION OF GLYCERINE FROM FATTY SUBSTANCES
"
The invention relates to the separation of glycerine from neutral fatty substances
of either animal or vegetable origin, the object being to effect the saponification
with a substance which forms a soluble salt when the metallic soap is treated with
a mineral acid and which is easily recoverable. For this purpose we employ the
zinc or magnesium salt or salts of a fatty acid or acids prepared by adding a
solution of a soluble salt of zinc or magnesium (the sulphate eg.) to a solution of
a sodiuin, potassium or ammonium salt or salts of a fatty acid or acids.
°
The fatty substances are mixed with from 5% to 8% of the zinc or magnesium
salt or salts of a fatty acid or acids and water to about one third of the weight of
fatty substances to be acted upon. The whole is then submitted in an autoclave
or equivalent vessel to the action of steam at a pressure of from 120 to 130lbs on
the square inch, the temperature being maintained at or about 368° Fahrenheit.
The glycerine is in this way set free and can be separated from the liquor or
"sweet water "in the ordinary way.
The soaps formed as above described may afterwards be decomposed by means
of a mineral acid and the zinc or magnesium salts of the fatty acids recovered by
the addition of a solution of an alkaline salt or salts of the fatty acids. The salt
or salts of the fatty acid or acids so produced may be employed for the decomposition
of a frosh quantity of fatty substances.
The salt of sodium, potassium or ammonium may also be recovered from the
mother liquor after the separation of the zinc or magnésium salt.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Rumble and Frederick Sear in the Patent Office on the
4th March 1884.
CHARLES RUMBLE and FREDERICK SEAR Chemists both of Belmont Works
Battersea in the County of Surrey "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE
SEPARATION OF GLYCERINE FROM FATTY SUBSTANCES”
The invention relates to the separation of glycerine from neutral fatty substances
of either animal or vegetable origin, the object being to effect the saponification
with a substance which forms a soluble salt when the metallic soap is treated with
a mineral acid and which is easily recoverable.
For this purpose we employ the zinc or magnesium salt or salts of a fatty acid or
acids prepared by adding a solution of a soluble salt of zinc or magnesium (the
sulphate e.g.) to a solution of a sodium, potassium or ammonium salt or salts of a
fatty acid or acids.
°
The fatty substances are mixed with from 5% to 8% of the zinc or magnesium
salt or salts of a fatty acid or acids, which may be effected by boiling the fatty
substance by means of free steam in an open vat with a dilute solution of potash
soda, or ammonia, in quantity sufficient to form enough soap to decompose the
requisite amount of zinc or magnesium sulphate or other salt of zine or magnesium.
When the combination has been thus effected and the solution of the sulphate of
the alkali employed allowed to subside, the mixture of the fatty substances is run
off into an autoclave or other equivalent vessel with water to about one-third of
the weight of the fatty substance to be acted upon. In this way we economise by
utilising the free fatty acid or acids existing in the fatty substances.
When the fatty substance is almost or entirely neutral, it is necessary to add
the requisite quantity of the zinc or magnesium salt or salts of a fatty acid or
acids.
-
The mixture of the fatty substance with the metallic salt or salts formed by
either of the methods above described, together with the necessary water, is then
submitted to the action of steam at a pressure of from 120 to 130 lbs on the
square inch, the temperature being maintained at or about 368°. F.
The glycerine is in this way set free and can be separated from the liquor or
"sweet water" in the ordinary way.
The soap formed as above described may afterwards be decomposed by means
of a mineral acid, and the zinc or magnesium recovered by the addition of a
solution of an alkaline salt or salts. of a fatty acid or acids. The salt or salts of
the fatty acid or acids so produced are employed for the decomposition of a fresh
quantity of fatty substance.
The salt of sodium, potassium or ammonium may also be recovered from the
mother liquor after the separation of the zinc or magnesium salt.
We would remark that we are aware of the Specification of the patent N° 5112
in the year 1882 in which it is proposed to subject fatty matter in a close vessel to
the action of heat in the presence of water and zinc white or zinc grey. Also that
we are aware of the Specification No 2559 in the year 1882 in which the use in like
manner of carbonate of magnesia is proposed. We do not claim these processes,

page_text: but our claims relate to the process in which a mixture of the fatty substance
with the zinc or magnesium salt or salts of a fatty acid or acids is first made or
prepared and then submitted in a close vessel in the presence of water to heat and
pressure, which process as already explained admits of the ready recovery and
reuse of the zinc or magnesia employed therein.
What we claim is:-
First. The new or improved process substantially as herein before described for
the separation of glycerine from fatty substances.
Second. The use substantially as described of a zinc or magnesium salt or salts
of the fatty acids to decompose neutral fats into glycerine and fatty acids.
Third. The subsequent recovery of the zinc or magnesium as a salt or salts of a
fatty acid or acids, substantially as described.
In witness whereof we the said Charles Rumble and Frederick Sear have
hereunto set our hands and seals this First day of March in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty four.
"

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Rumble and Frederick. Sear Chemists both of
Belmont Works Battersea in the County of Surrey for an Invention of "A
NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE SEPARATION OF GLYCERINE FROM
FATTY SUBSTANCES
"3
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Rumble and
Frederick Sear at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
5th September 1883.
CHARLES RUMBLE and FREDERICK SEAR Chemists both of Belmont Works
Battersea in the County of Surrey "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE
SEPARATION OF GLYCERINE FROM FATTY SUBSTANCES
"
The invention relates to the separation of glycerine from neutral fatty substances
of either animal or vegetable origin, the object being to effect the saponification
with a substance which forms a soluble salt when the metallic soap is treated with
a mineral acid and which is easily recoverable. For this purpose we employ the
zinc or magnesium salt or salts of a fatty acid or acids prepared by adding a
solution of a soluble salt of zinc or magnésium (the sulphate eg.) to a solution of
a sodium, potassium or ammonium salt or salts of a fatty acid or acids.
°
The fatty substances are mixed with from 5% to 8% of the zinc or magnesium
salt or salts of a fatty acid or acids and water to about one third of the weight of
fatty substances to be acted upon. The whole is then submitted in an autoclave
or equivalent vessel to the action of steam at a pressure of from 120 to 130 lbs on
the square inch, the temperature being maintained at or about 368° Fahrenheit.
The glycerine is in this way set free and can be separated from the liquor or
"sweet water" in the ordinary way.
The soaps formed as above described may afterwards be decomposed by means
of a mineral acid and' the zinc or magnesium salts of the fatty acids recovered by

page_text: the addition of a solution of an alkaline salt or salts of the fatty acids. The salt
or salts of the fatty acid or acids so produced may be employed for the decomposition
of a fresh quantity of fatty substances.
The salt of sodium, potassium or ammonium may also be recovered from the
mother liquor after the separation of the zinc or magnesium salt.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Rumble and Frederick Sear in the Patent Office on tlie
4th March 1884.
CHARLES RUMBLE and FREDERICK SEAR Chemists both of Belmont Works
Battersea in the County of Surrey "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE
SEPARATION OF GLYCERINE FROM FATTY SUBSTANCES"
The invention relates to the separation of glycerine from neutral fatty substances
of either animal or vegetable origin, the object being to effect the saponification
with a substance, which forms a soluble salt when the metallic soap is treated with
a mineral acid and which is easily recoverable.
For this purpose we employ the zinc or magnesium salt or salts of a fatty acid or
acids prepared by adding a solution of a soluble salt of zinc or magnesium (the
sulphate eg.) to a solution of a sodium, potassium or ammonium salt or salts of a
fatty acid or acids.
The fatty substances are mixed with from 5% to 8% of the zine or magnesium
salt or salts of a fatty acid or acids, which may be effected by boiling the fatty
substance by means of free steam in an open vat with a dilute solution of potash
soda, or ammonia, in quantity sufficient to form enough soap to decompose thio
requisite amount of zinc or magnesium sulphate or other salt of zinc or magnesium.
When the combination has been thus effected and the solution of the sulphate of
the alkali employed allowed to subside, the mixture of the fatty substances is run
off into an autoclave or other equivalent vessel with water to about one-third of
the weight of the fatty substance to be acted upon. In this way we economise by
utilising the free fatty acid or acids existing in the fatty substances.
When the fatty substance is almost of entirely neutral, it is necessary to add
the requisite quantity of the zinc or magnesium salt or salts of a fatty acid or
acids.
The mixture of the fatty substance with the metallic salt or salts formed by
either of the methods above described, together with the necessary water, is then
submitted to the action of steam at a pressure of from 120 to 130 lbs on the
square inch, the temperature being maintained at or about 368°. F.
«
The glycerine is in this way set free and can be separated from the liquor or
sweet water" in the ordinary way.
The soap formed as above described may afterwards be decomposed by means
of a mineral acid, and the zinc or magnesium recovered by the addition of a
solution of an alkaline salt or salts of a fatty acid or acids. The salt or salts of
the fatty acid or acids so produced are employed for the decomposition of a fresh
quantity of fatty substance.

page_text: The salt of sodium, potassium or ammonium may also be recovered from the
mother liquor after the separation of the zinc or magnesium salt.
What we claim is :-
First. The new or improved process substantially as herein before described for
the separation of glycerine from fatty substances.
'
Second. The use of a zinc or magnesium salt or salts of the fatty acids to
decompose neutral fats into glycerine and fatty acids.
Third. The subsequent recovery of the zinc or magnesium as a salt or sålts of a
fatty acid or acids.
In witness whereof. we the said Charles Rumble and Frederick Sear have
hereunto set our hands and seals this First day of March in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty four.