IMPROVEMENTS IN FIREPLACES OR FURNACES FOR HEATING POTTERY BRICK AND LIKE KILNS OR OVENS
Year: 1884

page_text: .
I WILLIAM HASSALL of Meadow Lane Beeston in the county of Notts Agent
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN FIREPLACES
OR FURNACES FOR HEATING POTTERY BRICK AND LIKE KILNS OR OVENS to be as
follows:-
'
My invention has for its object improvements in fire places or furnaces for heating
kilns or ovens used in burning or baking pottery, earthenware, bricks, tiles,
sanitary pipes, and the like and is designed for the purpose of economizing fuel in
the firing of the same.
In order to illustrate the manner of performing my invention I have annexed to
this Complete Specification the accompanying two sheets of Drawings and to the
figures and letters marked thereon I now refer. On Sheet I Fig 1 is a front
elevation (with the fire door raised) of a fire place suitable for a brick kiln or oven.
Fig 2 a central longitudinal section of the same (with the door closed).
Sheet 2, Figs 3 and 4, shews a modification of my invention. On both sheets A
is the fire hole or fire place proper and B the fire bars which rest on suitable
bearers as is well understood.
.
Near the centre of the fire hole I build an arch C either straight or as shewn
(arched) and if desired. I may perforate the same as shewn on Sheet 2. I have
not shewn the perforations on Sheet I.
Their size and number will depend on the volume of air necessary for the proper
combustion of the fuel.
In front of this arch and preferably a little above its bottom I place a perforated
chamber D extending across the fire place or furnace and connected at its ends
with air flues or tubes E E' projecting through the walls of the front of the fire
place or furnace to the outer air.
This chamber D is advantageously made of refractory material such as firebrick
of of iron covered with refractory material to stand the heat of the fire.
To the openings E E¹ I fit valves (as will be well understood) to regulate the
quantity of air passing to the chamber D from the openings of the air tubes or
flues E E¹.
In the modification shewn on Sheet 2 I omit this chamber D and tubes E E¹ and
admit air by raising the hanging door H. F is a block or slab closing the mouth
of the furnace and below it I place a block, plate or slab, G moveable so as to allow
the slag or clinker to be got off the fire bars at will.

page_text: This block, plate or slab G can be made of refractory material or of iron coated
with the same and for purposes of moving may rest in a groove or recess in the
opening which it covers or may be hung on hinges or pivots and made to open like
a door.
0
Above the block or slab F I place a fire door H sliding approximately vertically.
I prefer to place it at a slight angle as shewn and capable of sliding in such a
"vertical" direction as opposed to the horizontally sliding doors now in use.
The door H is connected to a chain or chains K passing over pulleys I, J or it
can be supported by pulleys at its ends or by a rack and pinion or worm and worm
wheel or other means of raising and lowering the same.
This door can thus be raised and lowered over the front of the fire hole or
furnace and adjusted to allow sufficient air to pass through and over the fire to
prevent its smoking when fresh fuel is put on without destroying the hot air
chamber (as would be the case if the door were made to open outwardly) and gives
the firemen little trouble in feeding the fire..
.
The door can be lined with firebrick or like refractory material and being fixed
at an angle, throws the heat back on the upper part of the fire When the door is
let down (referring to Figs 1 and 2) the fire hole or furnace forms a chamber in
which the hot gases mix with the air constantly being drawn in through the
openings E E' into the chamber D which being heated allows the heated air to
escape at its perforations towards the front and those at its bottom (shewn by the
arrows in Fig 2).
The lower perforations help to direct the draft which rushes under the arch C
(thus acting as a hanging bridge) thus mingling the products of combustion with
the heated air. At the same time air is being drawn up through the bars to mingle
with the fuel and if desired a steam jet or blower can be fixed below the grate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and the manner of performing the sauie I would state that I am well
aware that in fireplaces or furnaces of the kind specified, horizontally sliding fire
doors have been used and I do not claim such neither do I claim the use of au arch
or hanging bridge in the fire place or furnacé, but I claim as my invention in
respect of fire places or furnaces of the kind and for the purposes specified
Firstly. Arranging the fire door to slide or open in an approximately vertical
direction (in contradistinction to a horizontally sliding door) for the better
admission of air thereto and convenience in firing the fire place or furnace,
substantially as described.
Secondly.The moveable block or slab G arranged below the fire door and the
stationary frout or block F for the purpose of gaining ready access to the fire bars
for removing slag or clinker from the same substantially as described.
Thirdly. The perforated chamber D placed in front of the arch or hanging
bridge O, and arranged as described with front and downward perforations.
connected with side tubes E E' projecting to the front of the fire place or furnace
for admitting air to the said chamber substantially as described.
Dated this 11 day of October 1884.
W
HASSALL.
By E. Gardner Colton, A.S.T.E.
(Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents),
Of the Firm of Popplewell, Colton & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, W.C.