IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS AND TILES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Adams, of Barnsbury, in the County of
Middlesex, and William Adams, of York Road, Islington, in tho
said County, Brick and Tile Manufacturers, for the Invention of
Sealed the 23rd April 1869, and dated the 29th October 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Adams and
William Adams at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,.
with their Petition, on the 29th October 1868.
We, JOSEPH ADAMS, of Barnsbury, in the County of Middlesex, and
WILLIAM ADAMS, of York Road, Islington, in the said County, Brick
and Tile Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS AND TILES,"
to be as follows, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists of improvements in mixing or treating clay
or loam by adding thereto street sweepings, road scrapings, street slop,

page_text: or drift, chalk, and waste from stone sawing (commonly known as
"stone sand") in certain proportions in the manufacture of bricks and
tiles, whereby we are enabled to dispense with ashes, and improve the
texture, colour, and quality of the said articles, and produce superior
bricks and tiles from inferior clay. The number and quantities of
materials added to the clay or loam must be varied according to the
colour required, the drift and waste, the drift and chalk, or the whole
of the materials being mixed together and added as the case may require.
The mixing process may be performed by washing in a mill in the usual
way. The materials, mixed or combined as above stated, may be formed
into bricks and tiles, and burnt in a clamp when thus made, without
ashes; a considerable economy in their production, and at the same time
a greater regularity and certainty in the process of burning being
effected, and a large increase in the per-centage of superior bricks in
clamp burning being also obtainable.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Adams and William Adams in the Great
Scal Patent Office on the 29th April 1869..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
ADAMS, of Barnsbury, in the County of Middlesex, and WILLIAM
ADAMS, of York Road, Islington, in the said County, Brick and Tile
Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Joseph Adams and
William Adams, Her special licence that we, the said Joseph Adams
and William Adams, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Joseph Adams and William Adams, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the

page_text: term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS.
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS AND TILES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Joseph Adams and William Adams, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our,
or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph Adams and William
Adams, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof:-
Our Invention consists in treating or preparing clay, loam, or brick
earth by adding thereto and mixing therewith street or road sweepings,
road scrapings, street slop, or drift, chalk, and sand or waste from
stone sawing, commonly known as "stone sand," or stone crushed, for
the manufacture of bricks and tiles, whereby we are enabled to dispense
with ashes, also at the same time improve the texture, colour, and
quality of the said articles, and produce superior bricks and tiles from
inferior clay. The number and quantities of the mixing materials above
mentioned must be varied according to the colour required and the
quality of the materials, the drift and sand or waste and other similar
matter, the drift and chalk, or the whole of the materials being mixed
together and added to the clay or loam as the case may require.
The mixing process may be performed in a mill in the usual way.
The following are the proportions of the materials which we have
adopted in practice :-
First. 42 barrows-full of drift or road sweepings, 40 barrows-full of
clay, 13 barrows-full of chalk, and 13 barrows-full of "stone sand" or
other sand.
Second. 42 barrows-full of drift or road sweepings, 40 barrows-full
of clay, and 26 barrows-full of chalk.

page_text: Third. 42 barrows-full of drift or road sweepings, 40 barrows-full
of clay, and 26 barrows-full of "stone sand" or other sand.
In witness whercof, we, the said Joseph Adams and William
Adams, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-
ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand o
eight hundred and sixty-nine.
LONDON:
Printed by GEORGE EDWARD EYRE and WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE,
Printers to the Queen's most Excellent Majesty... 1869.
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