IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING CHENILLE THREAD
Year: 1885

page_text: I, CHARLES AUBREY DAY, of 321, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING CHENILLE THREAD,"
(a communication to me from abroad by Charles Baly Auer, of Paterson, County
of Passaic, State of New Jersey, in the United States of America, Superintendent
of Weaving factory,) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to bo
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
This Invention relates to machinery for making chenille or chenille thread, and
consists in certain novel features of construction which are hereinafter particularly
described.
To enable those skilled in the art to which the present Invention relates, to
perfectly understand and practice the same, I will now proceed to describe it,
referring by letters to the accompanying drawings in which I have shown the
Invention carried out in that form which it is believed is most advantageous.
The drawings represent only so much of the usually employed mechanism or
machine, for providing the core-threads, or cords; wrapping them with the silk;
and cutting open the wrapping, as is necessary for the purpose of clearly and fully
illustrating the application of the present improvements.
Fig. 1, represents a top view of a portion of such a machine constructed or
adapted according to this Invention..
Fig. 2, is a detached or detail side view, on an enlarged scale, of one of the
automatic twisters and reels herein referred to.
Fig. 3, is a partial axial section (on the same scale as Fig. 2,) of the said twister
and reel; and,
Fig. 4, is a side elevation of a modification of the Invention.
In the several Figures the same or similar parts are respectively designated by
the same letter of reference.
The part marked A, represents a portion of the main-frame of a machine such as
is commonly used for making chenille thread, with the exception of the novel
mechanism shown for effecting the final twisting of the wrapped core-threads and
their silk or other fibres; and B, represents a portion of a small supplemental
Prine/1

page_text: frame (or it may be a mere extension of the frame A,) which is used to support
the means for effecting this twisting, and for also reeling-up the finished article.
On the frame A, are mounted all the necessary devices or parts of the usual
approved mechanism for making the thread (except the twisting devices) some of
which, only, are shown at Fig. 1, and none of which need be particularly described
herein, as they form no part of the present Invention.
C, represents a shaft carrying the forward one D, of the wheels over which
travel the four strands 1, 2, 3, 4, of wire usually employed in laying out and
covering two chenille threads, such as seen at E, E, while G, is the usual rotatory
spool-carrier which is mounted on and driven by the shaft H, and carries a series
of spools I, containing the threads e, usually of silk, which are rapidly wound
around the four adjacent wires and two core-threads which together pass, after
having been wound with the threads e, between the horizontal wheels b, where the
over-laying or outer core-threads are laid on; all in a manner well understood by
those familiar with the kind of machinery represented.
At f, is the usual tool-stock which carries the knife or cutter g, used to cut or
sever the wound wrapper composed of the threads e; and at h, are the adjustable
tension-guides by means of which the operator or attendant of the machine
regulates the twisting, so as to permit the twist to run more or less close to the
point where the wrapping is cut, as his visual observation and experience may
dictate to be best.
As the type or form of machine shown, and so far described, is adapted to
produce, with one wrapping or winding, and one cutting device, two chenille
threads, or is, in other words, duplex, there is combined therewith a double or
duplex twisting and reeling-up mechanism which I will now describe.
As best seen at Fig. 3; each of the spindles K¹, is made hollow for a portion of
its length and at that end nearest to the wrapping or winding machine, and the
thread of chenille is led through this hollow portion p, and thence out through one
of the side apertures s, off towards and through one of the guide-eyes t, and finally
through one of the end eyes u, of the U-shaped arm o, of the twister, from whence
the said thread passes on to the body of the spool, or reel P, upon which the
finished article is wound.
The outer end of the reel or spool P, is formed or provided, as represented, with
a grooved wheel or pulley v, fastened thereon, over which passes a brake belt, or
friction cord w, one end of which is made fast to any convenient stationary part of
the machine, and from the other end of which is suspended a suitable weight Q,
see Fig. 2.
The function of this weight cord, and this pulley or grooved hub v, is simply to
exert a sort of tension, or frictional brake power on the spool P, to prevent it from
turning too easily, and also to prevent it from turning at all by mere inertia, when-
ever the twister (which lays the thread on to and drives the said spool) may,
any reason, be suddenly stopped.
for
In the main frame A, preferably, is mounted and driven a shaft J, which is
provided with two bevel pinions i, and has made fast to it a driving pulley K,
around which is passed a belt k, leading preferably to the feed shaft of the machine.
Fast on the inner ends of the twister-shafts K¹, are two bevel pinions i,
which engage with the pinions 2, on the shaft J, as represented, so as to be driven
thereby.
The bevel pinions i and i, on the shafts J and K³, respectively, may be changed
as required to vary the velocity of the twisters, and hence, the amount of twist
given to the chenille thread.
By gearing the twister-shafts together, as represented and described, they are
driven with a positive motion at precisely the same speed, and are simultaneously
started and stopped in their revolutions.
The present improvements relate more especially to the construction of the
reel P; which, as will be seen, is made tapering in contour with its greatest.
diameter adjacent to the twisting and winding device O, with the object of

page_text: preventing the crushing of the finished chenille, in order to produce a more
desirable and better finished article.
Heretofore, so far as the said Charles Baly Auer is aware, it has been the
universal practice to wind the chenille, layer upon layer, upon reels or spools of
equal diameter throughout, and after the fashion of winding threads of silk and
cotton for sewing purposes. Such method of winding chenille thread, is, however,
objectionable, in that the chenille becomes crushed, and requires considerable
handling to get it smoothed out suitable for being woven into fabrics.
By the use of the tapering reel all crushing or rumpling of the chenille is
avoided, since after the flyer shall have wound one, or two layers or coils of the
chenille around the spool, as indicated, the operator in charge of the machine may
simply pull or push the coils towards the smaller end of the reel, so that they may
be gotten out of the way of the on-coming chenille, which, as will be seen, is laid
on or wound always at one point of the periphery of the reel. By having the reel
tapering, as represented, the chenille may not only be moved endwise of it with
greater expedition, but in passing it along the reel from the locality at which it
was laid on, to another locality of less diameter, the chenille may collapse, so to
speak, and hanging loosely on the reel may untwist itself to a slight extent, and
thus prevent the formation of kinks.
In the operation of a machine having applied to, or combined with it, the kind
of twisting and reeling-up devices illustrated on the accompanying drawings, and
herein described, the threads E and E2, as formed, pass into and through the
hollow portions of the spindles K³, and thence through the eyes of the twister
arms O, to the spools, or reels P, as already explained, and as these twister-arms
are rapidly rotated, (with a uniform speed) by the bevel wheels i and ", the
threads E, E, are twisted from the localities where they lie in the hollow
spindles K¹, (mainly from the localities of the holes 8,) to where they pass through
the twist regulators h, and also but more slowly between the regulators h, and the
wheels b, from between the peripheries of which the wound or wrapped core-
threads emerge.
As the twister arms or yokes O, revolve and lay the finished and properly
twisted chenille thread onto the reels P, the latter are caused to revolve also by the
tangential pull on them of the cords E, E², where the latter pass from said spools to
the eyes u, of the twisters, the rate of speed of each spool being less, however, than
that of the twister; the frictional brake cords w, controlling the action at all times
of the spools in such a manner as to permit them to be thus necessarily revolved
by the twisters on the laying on of the thread.
Whenever the driving device, and consequently all the moving parts are required
to be stopped by the operative, the loosely mounted spools are checked by the
friction-brakes already described.
As the finished thread is wound around the reel P, at the locality represented, it
is moved either by the operative in charge of the machine, or by any suitable
automatic means, toward the smaller end of the reel, thus avoiding the winding of
the chenille thread upon itself and crushing the pile, and thus permitting the coils
to collapse, or hang loosely on the reel so as to untwist to a certain extent, as
hereinbefore described.
If the chenille thread be desired for weaving chenille cloth, it is taken from the
reels P, and wound on the bobbins of the loom shuttles, as well understood.
It will be understood that the reels P, have no endwise movement, and that the
thread is always laid on by the flyer at one point only of its periphery; and that
the chenille itself after having been wound by the flyer is moved endwise of the
reel in the direction of its smaller diameter.
Of course, the form of the spool, or reel, may be changed somewhat without
changing the principle of operation of the contrivance, the gist of which consists
in winding the thread on at one locality of the reel, and then moving it endwise
to portions of its periphery of less diameter that at the place at which it was
wound.

page_text: •
It will be understood that the advantages of this invention may be obtained to
a certain extent, by using instead of a tapering reel, a spool of greater diameter at
the point of winding on the chenille, and cylindrical and of less diameter for the
rest of its length; as represented in Fig. 4.
In practice it is of advantage to arrange the shafts J, driving pulley K, and
belt k, to simultaneously turn out four threads in a single chenille machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim, is
In machinery for manufacturing chenille or chenille thread ;—
1. The combination with the twister and flyer thereof, of a reel or spool of
varying diameter, but greatest at the locality at which the thread is wound on; as
and for the purposes herein before set forth.
2. The combination with the flyer and twister thereof, of a tapering reel or spool,
arranged as illustrated on the accompanying drawings and hereinbefore described,
and for the purpose set forth.
3. The combination with means for making and feeding the chenille and means
for reeling the same, of twisters provided with bevel pinions ; the shaft J,
provided with bevel pinions i, engaging with the bevel pinions ¹, and means,
substantially such as hereinbefore described, for turning said shaft.
Dated this 16th day of July 1885.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.