matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE EXTRACTION OF OILS FROM VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Richardson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition; on the 18th May
1867.
I, THOMAS RICHARDSON, of the Town and County of Newcastle-on-Tyne,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE EXTRACTION OF OILS FROM VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the extraction or separation of oils contained in
vegetable substances, such, for example, as cotton seed, linseed, rape seed, and
the cakes made from these or other oil producing seeds, and consists in
impregnating or mixing such seeds either in their natural state or when
crushed with a solvent of such oils as may be therein contained, and which
solvent shall have a lower boiling point and be more volatile than the oil to
be extracted.
The seeds or vegetable substances to be operated upon may be crushed in
the usual manner, and after having been impregnated with the vapour of the
solvent, or after having been mixed or incorporated with the solvent, they are
to be subjected to pressure either at the ordinary temperature or by the
application of heat in manner similar to that now generally practiced, and the
resulting mixture of oil and solvent is to be collected in suitable reservoirs,
and after the deposition of the suspended foreign matters the mixtures may
be employed direct for certain purposes in the arts, or the mixture may be
submitted to a distillatory process, and the more volatile portion or solvent

page_text: be separated, when the residual oil will then be suitable for commercial
purposes. The solvents I propose to employ for effecting the before-mentioned
purposes are the more volatile products from coal tar, the volatile products
from retroleum or coal oils, bisulphide of carbon, and other napthas, oils, or
compounds which possess a solvent action on the oils to be extracted, and
which are more volatile than the oils so obtained.
I am aware that it has been proposed to effect the solution and separation
of the oils contained in vegetable substances by means of solvents, which
solvents are made to perculate through the ground seed until the solution,
separation, and extraction of the oil has been effected; but my process differs
from those already proposed in that I add only such a proportion of the
solvent as will dilute and render more fluid the oil contained in the vegetable
matters to be operated upon; by so doing I find that the oil possesses greater
fluidity and is more easily expressed, and that not only is there a considerable
diminution in the time requisite for such extraction, but that the cake or
residue is freer from oil than is the case when the ordinary process by pressure
only is adopted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING OR DOUBLING WOOL, SILK, COTTON, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, PART OF WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR SPINNING SUCH SUBSTANCES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Noble Haley and John Hodgson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 17th December 1867.
We, NOBLE HALEY and JOHN HODGSON, of Bradford, in the County of
York, Machine Makers, do hereby declare the nature of tho said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING OR DOUBLING WOOL, SILK,
COTTON, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, PART OF WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO
MACHINERY FOR SPINNING SUCH SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the application of self-acting apparatus to such
machinery which when the yarn breaks will cause the top roller to rise or be
lifted clear of the bottom roller so that the yarn will not be drawn forward,
and also at the same time will stop the rotation of the spindle while the
"minder" ties the knot or repairs the breakage of the yarn. The apparatus
comprises a lever hinged to the roller stand, one end clipping the neck of the
top roller and the other carrying a brake to be pressed against either the flyer
or the warle of the spindle, also a rod hinged intermediately on this lever which
is held in a suitable position by a balanced lever hinged to the rail. In one
end of this lever is a guide eye for the yarn to pass through from the rollers to
the spindle, and the pressure of which on the said lever while passing through
the eye supports the rod, but when the yarn breaks the pressure is lost and tho

page_text: lever allows the rod to fall into contact with a rotary cam or tappet which will
puch the said rod endwise and operate the lever to lift the top roller and also
press the brake against either the flyer or the warle of the spindle. Also each
singlǝ yarn behind the drawing rollers is caused to pass through the eye of a
small weight, which if the said yarn breaks will fall upon the lever or upon!
the rod and press it into position to be operated by the cam or tappet.
A NEW AND IMPROVED WEEDING APPARATUS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Adrien Bonneville at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
May 1867. A communication from Robert Duflocq, residing at La
Villette, near Paris, in the Empire of France, Gentleman.
I, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices,
24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 38, Porchester
Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED WEEDING
APPARATUS," a communication from Robert Duflocq, a person resident at
La Villette, near Paris, aforesaid, Gentleman, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an apparatus for uprooting weeds, and consists
in a series of cross beams connected to the handle of a cart to which one or
several horses are harnessed, supported by wheels shipped on a moveable axle-
tree so as to be able to follow the sinuosities of the way; to these cross beams
are fixed two rows of iron hooks, one before the other, of a curved form, the
nds of which are shaped like the tips of lances more or less wide according
to the sort of weeding or extirpation to be performed, the cross beams may be
raised or lowered by means of jointed levers and of an upright fixed on the
axletree, so as to cause the weeding hooks to penetrate more or less deeply
into the ground.
This apparatus is represented in the accompanying Drawing in which a, a,
are the cross beams; b, b, the weeding hooks; c, c, the levers; d, d, their
supports; and e, e, the uprights fixed on the axle tree.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF KNIVES, FORKS, AND OTHER IMPLEMENTS OF CUTLERY
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the
25th April 1867.-A communication from abroad by George Parr, of
Buffalo, New York, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the "International Patent Office," No. 8,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Con-
sulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF KNIVES, FORKS, AND OTHER IMPLEMENTS
OF CUTLERY," a communication, to be as follows:-
The said Invention relates to making a bolster for cutlery of cast metal in
two parts, the one part of which has a tube or socket, and the other part a
projecting prong, which when the two parts are put together enters the tube
or socket, and wedges therein in such a manner as to hold the two parts
securely and firmly to the handle. That part of the bolster which has a prong
may be called the male part, and that part which has a tube or socket may be
called the female part. These two parts are preferably made of cast iron, and
then annealed or made malleable, but other suitable cast metal may be used.
A slit is formed in the prong to receive a wedge, so that when these parts are
put together the head of the wedge will strike on the bottom of the tube and
be driven into the slit, the prong being wedged within the socket; or in lieu
of the detachable wedge a permanent wedge may be formed on the bottom of
the said socket, which will answer a like purpose, although the detachable
wedge is preferable. The slit in the prong is formed by a saw after the metal

page_text: has been annealed. The handle is made flat, and the socket passes through a
hole made in the said handle, and its top edge is brought flush with the same
upon the opposite side, so that it may be riveted to the handle. The male
part or prong is then driven in and wedges in the socket, as before described,
and the two parts are thus drawn closely and held firmly together upon the
handle and blade. The socket or tube forms a central support for the handle,
and the rims or edges of the two parts press firmly upon the outer line of the
handle and blade, whereby a complete and sufficient strengthening of the said
handle and blade is effected. The two parts may be so proportioned that the
socket will stop short of passing through the handle or shank, and allow its
top to rest against the shank upon the same side, while the prong passes
through the shank and wedges in the socket; either plan may be adopted. A
smaller hole in the shank may be made to admit the prong than is required to
admit the socket.
This mode of construction is applicable to the manufacture of knives and
forks, and all kinds of cutlery. The scales or plates of a knife handle are
bevelled at their end next to the bolster to fit under a corresponding outward
bevelled portion of the same, the said scales being riveted to the shank in the
usual manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CORSETS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Parry at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd November
1867.
I, RICHARD PARRY, of Newtown, in the County of Montgomery, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CORSETS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in corsets, and consists, firstly,
in a new method of lacing whereby the corsets may be adjusted and fitted
with facility. In order to effect this I propose to form the body of the corset
in two parts, separated at the sides, the two edges on each side to be joined or
laced being furnished with eyelets through which the laces are passed as
follows: The lace is first passed through the top eyelets of the back of the
body through the corresponding eyelet of the front, then brought back through
the next lower eyelet and through the corresponding back eyelet, and the two
ends are brought round together to the front, then a new lace is similarly
passed through the next four lower eyelets, and so on all down the sides of the
corset, the ends or pairs of ends are then attached to a tab or strap on each
side of the corset, these tabs are provided with eyelets, when by pulling the
two tabs together towards the front the whole series of laces will be
simultaneously tightened, and the tabs are then secured to a hook attached to

page_text: the lower part of the front or middle busk of the corset. In applying the
corset to the body all the laces are loosened by merely drawing the two sections
apart, whereby the corset may be at once adjusted and tightened up.
The Invention consists, secondly, in a new method of securing the ends of the
busks from escaping from the corsets, as they are now liable to do, by fraying
at their ends the fabric in which they are enclosed. In order to effect this
object I propose to apply a double headed stud and rivet to and through the
corset at the top and bottom of each busk, the stems of the studs are passed
through the corset at the ends of the busks and secured to the corresponding
ends of the studs on the opposite surface of the corset. By these means the
sharp ends of the busks bear upon the stems of the rivets, and are thus
prevented from wearing away the fabric of the corset, any form of stud may
be used, either square, circular, or crescent-shaped, so long as the object is
attained.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND MEANS FOR LIGHTING GAS LAMPS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th May
1867. A communication from abroad by Charles, Winkler, of Paris, in
the Empire of France.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND MEANS FOR LIGHTING GAS LAMPS," a communication
to me from abroad by Charles Winkler, of Paris, in the Empire of France, to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a simple, expeditious, and effective mode of
lighting street and other gas lamps whereby the gas jet can be lighted from
the exterior of the lamp, and special doors or apertures in the body of the
lamp for the introduction of the lighter are entirely dispensed with, hence the
time lost in opening and closing such door is now saved, and the flickering of
the light arising from the access of currents of air thereto through the
permanent opening sometimes left in the base of the lamp is completely
avoided.
The essential feature of this Invention consists in the combination with the
ordinary burner tube of a second tube placed alongside it, and parallel or
nearly parallel therewith, such second tube serving for the transmission of the
flame to the gas burner, and therefore I shall for the sake of distinction term
it the "igniting" tube. This tube is in communication with the gas supply
pipe either through the same cock which supplies the burner tube or through
a special and separate cock of its own, but the first arrangement is preferred,

page_text: the plug of the cock serving to open and close both the thoroughfares leading to
the burner and "igniting" tube respectively. The upper end of the "igniting"
tube may be contracted in the form of a burner, and should be situate close to
the burner so as to direct a jet of flame across the latter. A series of
perforations-are-made-in-the side of the "igniting" tube, which tube and
lateral perforations may be continued some little distance below the cock, so
that on applying the crook of the lighting staff to the handle of the cock to
open it the light on the staff will be simultaneously applied to the side
of the igniting tube, and as the turning of the cock will admit the gas
simultaneously to both tubes the gas on issuing from the lateral perforations
will be at once ignited, and the flames of the several jets will mount up the
outside of the "igniting" tube, they will encounter the burner and light the
jet issuing therefrom. On partially-reversing the position of-the-plug-again-the
inlet of gas into the "igniting" tube will be shut off, but will continue to be
supplied to the burner tube. A further movement of the plug in the same
direction will cut off the gas from the burner and will entirely extinguish the
light. The "igniting" tube is provided with removeable plugs for facilitating
the cleaning of the passage leading to the cock, and for the running off when
requisite of any deposit of water or tarry matter in the lower end of such
tube.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CLARINETS, OBOES, BASSOONS, AND SUCH LIKE METAL AND WOOD WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Smyth and Samuel Kirby
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
2nd May 1867. .
We, JAMES SMYTH, of 59, Wood Street, Woolwich, in the County of Kent,
and SAMUEL KIRBY, of Harpur Place, Bedford, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CLARINETS, OBOES, BASSOONS, AND
SUCH LIKE METAL AND WOOD WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS," to be as follows:-
Firstly, a double lever key, or key with two levers or handles one over
the other, opening lengthways and unstopping but one hole, the object
of the double lever is to permit the action that raises the whole key and un-
stops the hole, viz., the ring over third finger hole of left-hand joint of
clarinet to be used without opening the double lever key unless at the free
option of the performer, and at the precise time and instant it is wanting to
produce the notes G, D, and others, thus giving those notes from a new
position and with an entirely new description of key, and with a facility never
hitherto obtained on the clarinet; this key with two levers can be applied to
any part of the clarinet, or to any kind of instrument upon which keys are used
for unstopping holes, or stopping open holes for the production of notes or
sounds.
Secondly, single lever keys to the clarinet to produce and perfect the notes
on the upper or left-hand joints, such as F natural, F sharp, and others,
without the use of right hand to keys on left-hand joints.

page_text: Thirdly, new single lever keys to clarinet for new fingering of notes E flat
and others on right-hand joint.
Fourthly, new single lever keys to clarinet for C sharp, low F sharp, and
others on right-hand joint.
Fifthly, new single lever keys to clarinet for B natural, low E natural, and
others on right-hand joint.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO PIPES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Frederick Bengough at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd December 1867.
I, HENRY FREDERICK BENGOUGH, of Clifton, in the County of Gloucester,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TOBACCO PIPES," to be as follows:-
Pipes constructed according to my improvements combine the following
advantages, viz., coolness, cleanliness, and complete combustion, which have
never yet been obtained in combination, the pipe can never foul, and from tho
peculiar form of the chambers, as illustrated in the Drawing, the oil is instantly
removed at the moment of its deposition, without which no pipe can be other
than rank, while the same form constitutes a kind of trap and prevents the
possible return of oil into the cooling chamber. Four chambers are employed,
in the first of which complete combustion is obtained; in the second, deposition
and cooling; in the third, further deposition and cooling; and in the fourth, a
reservoir for the effete matters which are readily removable.
The annexed Drawing shows a section of my improved pipe. A is a clay
or other bowl with one or more apertures a at bottom, fitting into B the
inner wooden or other case forming the first chamber, through which the
smoke passes, deposits its crude products, and becomes partially cooled, passing
out at aperture 6 into C; the second chamber likewise of wood (or other
material) where it is still further cooled, and deposits its remaining oil which

page_text: is collected in the reservoir D by means of aperture c, the smoke from the
chamber C being conveyed to the mouth through the tube at E. The several
parts are connected by screws at d, d, and e, e. It will be understood that I
do not confine myself to the exact shape illustrated, as the chambers B, C, D,
may be more or less oval or of other shape desired.
A NEW AND IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR EXTRACTING INK AND IRONMOULD PROM LINEN AND WOOLLEN FABRICS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Bernard Engel at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st December
1867. A communication from abroad by Louis Alexandre de Lobo
d'Herlem, of Boulonge-ser-Mere.
1, BERNARD ENGEL, of 28, Laurence Lane, Cheapside, London, in the County
of Middlesex, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW AND IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR EXTRACTING INK AND IRONMOULD
PROM LINEN AND WOOLLEN FABRICS," a communication, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the manufacture of an ink and ironmould
extractor in the following manner :-Commercial oxalic acid procured in
crystals is ground to powder, and intimately mixed with albumen or some
other analogous adhesive substance and a little coloring matter, so as to form
a pasty mass. This is then put into moulds and submitted to a moderate
temperature until thoroughly dry. The proportions which I prefer to use are
two parts of oxalic acid in crystals ground to powder to one part of albumen
of the consistency of white of egg. The method of using the extractor is to
moisten the stain with the mouth or hot water, pass the eraser over the spot
or stain, which will effect its extraction instantly.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BOXES OR APPARATUS TO CONTAIN ADDRESS CARDS FOR PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Julius Edward Mellin and Clement
Henry Ulbricht at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 28th January 1867.
We, JULIUS EDWARD MELLIN and CLEMENT HENRY ULBRICHT, both of the
City Road, in the County of Middlesex, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BOXES
OR APPARATUS TO CONTAIN ADDRESS CARDS FOR PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel arrangement of apparatus for containing
address cards intended for public distribution, and has for its object to so
construct and arrange the apparatus that the cards may be presented one by
one, and can only be taken singly from the box or apparatus, and moreover
that when one card is withdrawn another one will be immediately presented
in its place. To this end the bottom of the box which contains the cards has
two or more slots made in it for the purpose of receiving as many hooks or
studs, which project up through the slots to about the thickness of a card
above the level of the bottom plate. These studs or hooks are fixed in a
moveable frame which slides in guides or against rollers attached to the
bottom of the case. A long slot is made in the front of the box for the
purpose of admitting of a card being pushed out from the bottom of the pile

page_text: in the box; this lowermost card projects through the slit so that it may be
taken hold of by the finger and thumb, and drawn entirely out of the box; in
so doing its front edge is brought against two springs attached to the front
part of the sliding frame, so that the withdrawal of the projecting card will
pull forward the sliding frame, and in so doing will cause the hooks or studs
behind to move forward another card in the place of that which has been
withdrawn. When the sliding frame has been pulled out as far as it will
go the springs will yield and allow the card to pass over them, the sliding
frame will then be drawn back by the tension or force of a pair of india-rubber
or other springs attached by one of their ends to the fixed part of the apparatus,
and by their other ends to the sliding frame. A piece of elastic thread is
adapted to the long exit slit in the front of the box and acts as a wiper to
prevent more than one card at a time being pushed out; two flat springs
fixed on the under side of the horizontal front plate will also hold the card in
its proper place until it is pulled out from the front.
AN IMPROVED APPLIANCE TO BE USED FOR SECURING AND HOLDING RAILWAY TICKETS AND LABELS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walfrid Swenson and Johan Erust
Heilmann at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 12th August 1867.
We, WALFRID SWENSON an JOHAN ERNST HEILMANN, both of Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention of "AN IMPROVED APPLIANCE TO BE USED FOR SECURING AND
HOLDING RAILWAY TICKETS AND LABELS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention, which relates to a certain appliance by which travellers by
railway, steamboats, or other modes. of conveyance may preserve and retain in
safety from being lost or stolen the ticket or label by which they are permitted
to travel, consists in the first case of a metallic or other frame formed with
grooved sides, the shape and dimensions of such grooves being suitable to
admit the ticket or label. The frame is attached to a piece of chain, and a
spring or other catch or a ring by which it may be attached to a button of the
waistcoat or elsewhere, and thus if desired be worn or carried out of sight,
still always at hand in a certain and fixed place when required to be exhibited
by the traveller.
Under the second modification the appliance for holding the ticket consists
of a wire bent into the form of a loop and formed with a point or barb at one

page_text: end, whilst on the opposite end a hole or eye is formed. Over the body of
the loop a ring slides, so that in using it for holding a ticket or label the point
is pressed through the ticket or label, entering the hole in the opposite end of
the loop, so that when the ring is pulled over the loop to its lower end the
ticket or label is effectually retained.
MENTS IN OUTSIDE LAMPS OR LANTERNS FOR SHOP FRONTS OR OTHER SIMILAR PLACES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Houfe at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th February
1867.
I, HENRY HOUPE, of Tollington Park, Upper Holloway, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN OUTSIDE LAMPS OR LANTERNS FOR SHOP FRONTS OR OTHER SIMILAR
PLACES," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in outside lamps or lanterns-
for shop fronts and other similar places on to which it is desired to reflect
light. For this purpose I construct the front portion of the lamp or lantern
of transparent glass as usual, whilst the back thereof is constructed of opal
glass or other suitable semi-transparent and reflecting material. By the use
of these improvements the light is reflected as desired on to the window or
other desired place, whilst the street or other place where the lamp or lantern
is situated is rendered light by reason of the back of the lantern being of
semi-transparent material, thereby obviating the darkness in the street or
other place caused by the use of the ordinary outside lamps or lanterns
having metal or other opaque backs applied thereto. The lamp or lantern
may be constructed in any suitable manner, and may be suspended from
above, or fixed upon a post, or pillar, or in other suitable manner as desired.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BONNETS AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES OF APPAREL WORN ON THE HEAD BY WOMEN AND CHILDREN
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Montagu at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th October
1867.
I, CHARLES MONTAGU, of Cannon Street, in the City of London, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BONNETS AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES OF APPAREL WORN ON
THE HEAD BY WOMEN AND CHILDREN," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is the manufacture of bonnets or other head
coverings or head gear for women and children in such manner as to render
the same waterproof, strong, durable, ornamental, and useful by the application
and adaptation to such manufacture of a material or materials not hitherto
employed for the purpose. The material or materials which I use is caoutchouc
or india-rubber or a compound or compounds of which india-rubber forms the
main or principal ingredient. This material is moulded into form or reduced
to sheets or thin pieces, or they may be shaped by other ordinary processes or
contrivances, and any ordinary means may be used for removing unpleasant
odour and for imparting polish or colour to either or both of its surfaces.
is cut or formed to the required external configuration, and any desired device
or design may be formed on it by suitable cutting tools or other means.
Various ornaments made of india-rubber or other material may be added, also
linings, quillings, trimmings, or other description of appliances in textile fabrics
may be combined with the material by stitching, cementing, or otherwise.
It
IMPROVEMENTS IN STRINGED INSTRUMENTS HAVING SOUND BOARDS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Adrien Bonneville at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
August 1867.-A communication from Joseph Henri Marchisio, residing
at Turin, in the Kingdom of Italy.
I, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices,
24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 38, Porchester
Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STRINGED
INSTRUMENTS HAVING SOUND BOARDS," a communication from Joseph Henri
Marchisio, a person resident at Turin, in the Kingdom of Italy, to be as
follows:-
The improvements communicated to me relate to the just equipoising
the resistance with the power in stringed instruments having sound boards, and
more particularly in pianos by using the same metal, so that the expansion
and contraction be the same, from which results the more perfect main-
tenance in tune of the instrument and a greater sonority.
These improvements consist in connecting the board which carries the pegs
of the strings which are made of wire with that to which the said strings are
fixed by forged iron bars bound together by iron connecting rods to prevent
their going apart; these bars are exactly so placed that the line which marks
the direction of the power represented by the strings should be on the sanie

page_text: level as the line indicating the centre of resistance, that is, half the thickness
of the bars, so as to obtain a perfect. equilibrium of power.
These improvements are represented in the accompanying Drawing as being
applied to a piano, in which A are the bars; B, the board on which are the
pegs; C, the board on which the strings are fixed.; D, the connecting rods;
E, the strings.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TYPE FOR PRINTING
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Frederick Boetius and Jacob
Eichhorn at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 12th June 1867.-A communication from abroad by
Eduard Heinrich Mayer, of Cologne, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
We, JOHN FREDERICK BOETIUS and JACOB EICHHORN, of 7, Delahay Street,
Westminster, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF TYPE FOR PRINTING," to be as follows:-
In carrying this Invention into effect, we 1st prepare by the electro-type
process a plate of copper or any alloy or suitable metal harder and more
durable than the well known type metal, with type heads ranged in proper
We then moisten the plate with hydrochloric acid saturated with zinc,
which plate is afterwards rubbed with an alloy of tin and zinc. The plate is
glowing
next placed in a corresponding mould, and is then strongly heated on a
or very hot plate. In this state the type metal (which can either be of
common type or any other cheaper metal, metallic compound, or alloy) is cast
thereon to the required height. The solid mass thus obtained consisting of a
body of type metal adhering internally to the type heads of the electro-type
plate is then cut or divided into strips by a saw, planing, or other suitable:
machine, each strip thus cut consisting of a connected row of types which
may then be placed even with each other, and by a similar process be again.
cut into the single type. The type thus obtained can be adjusted and
smoothed as found necessary.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENING AND UNPASTENING LADIES' STAYS BUSKS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Charles Sodeman at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th March
1867.
I, LOUIS CHARLES SODEMAN, of 4, Blossom Terrace, Commercial Street,
Shoreditch, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENING AND UNPASTENING LADIES'
STAYS BUSKS," to be as follows:-
The Drawing No. I. represents an open double busk of a ladies' stay; it is
made of steel, brass, or other metal, with three brass claws A. Claw A, No. 1.,
represents the object of my Invention, and is explained particularly by
Drawing No. II. For fastening claw A, No. I., brass button a catches
brass hook 6 through steel spring c and become fastened. For unfastening
claw A, No. I., a slight back pressure of button a withdraws the steel spring c
from its hold d in brass hook b, and pushing the right-band side busk in a
downward direction the stay become unfastened. The simplicity of its con-
struction warrants a long wear without derangement in its work.
Having described the way of using and action of my Invention by Drawing
No. I. and No. II., I claim it as my Invention.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF CASTING OR PRODUCING PARTS OF STEAM, GAS, AND WATER FITTINGS, AS ALSO PARTS OF LAMPS AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Layton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th May 1867.
I, CHARLES LAYTON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Commercial
Traveller, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF CASTING OR PRODUCING PARTS OF STEAM, GAS,
AND WATER FITTINGS, AS ALSO PARTS OF LAMPS AND OTHER ARTICLES," to be as
follows (that is to say):-
My improvements in casting refer to the production of joints, plugs, and
other like parts of steam, water, and gas fittings, parts of lamps, and other
articles having reference to the description requiring much general subsequent
labour in their finish, as for instance, joints and plugs for water and gas
fittings and other like or similar articles or parts.
I use the term small articles in its relative sense, restricting the moulds
required to a convenient weight and size for use, which mould I purpose
being simple or compound, formed for economy by preference of cast iron.
The matrix of the article I wish to cast being finished or formed in two or
more parts of the mould connecting the said parts of the mould together in
such a way that the mould may be readily opened and closed, so that the
process of casting may be made continuous, and thereby keeping up a
continued heat (from the frequent pouring of the molten metal) in the metal
mould. Articles thus cast are susceptible of being formed hollow by the use
of cores in the ordinary way, with the exception that greater truth will be

page_text: preserved. Articles so produced will require considerably less work in the
subsequent process of turning and finishing than when cast in the ordinary
way, besides economising not only the weight of metal in themselves, but
preventing the-large-per-centage of loss now-sustained by manufacturers of
such articles, by the imperfect processes of casting now adopted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE- PROOF FLOORS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Birkett, at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th April 1867.
I, DANIEL BIRKETT, of the City of Carlisle, Architect, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE-
PROOF FLOORS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in making wood floors fire-proof with very little
more than the ordinary amount of pugging or deafening material. This I
accomplish by bedding the entire depth of the joists in concrete or other
incombustible material without filling the entire space between the joists, by
fastening to the sides and between the joists horse-shoe or other shaped tiles
or fire clay, by which the concrete or other incombustible material in which
the joists are bedded is maintained in its position against the sides of the
joists. I also use iron or other materials applied in the horse-shoe or other
suitable form for the same purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO KITCHEN RANGES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR THE PREVENTION OF DOWN DRAUGHT IN OTHER FIRE-PLACES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Russell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th May 1867.
I, ROBERT RUSSELL, of Derby, in the County of Derby, Ironfounder, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE
TO KITCHEN RANGES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR THE
PREVENTION OF DOWN DRAUGHT IN OTHER FIRE-PLACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to the construction of the oven and flues in
open kitchen ranges, and, secondly, to an apparatus for the prevention of
down draught in such ranges; the latter part of the Invention being also
equally applicable for the prevention of down draught and smoking in other
fire-places.
In constructing the oven I cast it with a strong metal flange projecting
from the bottom edge along the side next to the fire and on a level with the
surface of the fire-bars or grate, so that part of the fuel rests upon this flange
and heats the bottom of the oven by contact; this flange may either be cast of
one piece with the oven, or the bottom and flange may be cast in one, and the
remainder made in wrought iron and rivetted thereto. The back, side, and
bottom flues which pass round the oven are encased in iron, so as to avoid
the difficulty often experienced in setting or fixing ranges of this kind.
The down draught in kitchen or other fire-places is prevented by the
following means:-Resting on the covings and in a line with the lintel of the
chimney breast is a vertical box or chamber of cast iron or other suitable
metal, open at top and bottom, and provided in the interior with two or more

page_text: louvre plates sloping upwards; each of these plates is rather more than half
the width of the chamber, being attached by pivots to alternate sides of the
chamber, so that they overlap each other in the centre, causing the draught
with the smoke and other products of combustion to ascend the flue in a
serpentine direction, and as the louvre plates are arranged so as to slope
upwards from the sides the upward current is facilitated and all down
draught is efféctually prevented.
When it is required to sweep the flue these plates are turned up upon their
pivots and lie snugly against the sides of the chamber. This may either be
done by hand, or the action of the brush itself will force them into this
position. After sweeping they must be placed in their original sloping
position by hand. Instead of mounting the louvre plates on pivots they may
be simply loose plates supported on narrow sloping ribs or projections attached
to or cast with the sides of the chamber.
AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR COATING OR COVERING THE SURFACE OF IRON, WOOD, STONE, BRICKWORK, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES OR MATERIALS TO PREVENT OXIDATION AND DECOMPOSITION THEREOF
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Turner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th March 1867.
I, JAMES TURNER, of Queen Street, Stepney, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
COMPOSITION FOR COATING OR COVERING THE SURFACE OF IRON, WOOD, STONE,
BRICKWORK, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES OR MATERIALS TO PREVENT OXIDATION AND
DECOMPOSITION THEREOF," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in mixing together the following ingredients, matters,
or substances, so as to form a composition suitable for coating or covering the
surface of iron, wood, stone, brickwork, plaster, and other substances or com-
bination of substances, for the purpose of preserving them from decay or
becoming decomposed, or otherwise injuriously affected by the action of water,
atmospheric, or other influences.
The following are the ingredients, matters, or substances I propose to
employ for effecting the objects of this Invention, namely, resins, gums, copal,
mastic, sandarach, shellac, or other gums or matters possessing similar pro-
perties thereto. I take one or other of the above ingredients, and having first
dissolved them in methylated or other suitable spirit or solvent, proceed to
mix therewith any metallic oxide or metallic or mineral substance in such
proportions as will enable the composition to be applied freely by a brush to
the surfaces to be coated or covered therewith, it being simply necessary to
scrape or otherwise clean the surface of the material before coating or covering
the surface with the aforesaid composition.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Hudson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th November
1867.
I, JAMES HUDSON, junt., of Urpeth, in the County of Durham, Paper
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in machinery for the manufacture
of an endless or continuous sheet of paper. For this purpose in carrying out
my Invention I cover the couching rolls and first and second pairs of press
rolls with stout india-rubber jackets, by which means I am able to dispense with
the woollen jackets and endless and endless felts as at present arranged in this
description of machinery, but the endless wet felt may be employed for carrying
the sheet of paper to the rolls, and then by passing under may take it up
again to the second press rolls, or where no second press rolls are used then
on to the drying cylinders. A felt is worked with the first press roll as well
as being covered with india-rubber. The second press roll will not require
any felt, nor will the coucher require any felt jacket, as at present. By these
improvements the felts and wires are preserved, and much less broken paper
is made, as the paper does not adhere to the india-rubber as it does to the
metal.
IMPROVED MEANS OF PRODUCING ILLUSORY EXHIBITIONS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Barczinsky and Bernhard
Barczinsky at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 21st November 1867.-A communication from abroad
by Fred. Aschenbach, of Philadelphia, U. S. of America.
We, SAMUEL BARCZINSKY and BERNHARD BARCZINSKY, both of North fleet, in
the County of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED MEANS OF PRODUCING ILLUSORY EXHIBITIONS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improved means of producing illusory
exhibitions, for which purpose we employ boxes or casings having portions of
their depths provided with series of slits or openings. Within the box are
placed illustrations in varied attitudes or positions of the figures or bodies
which it is desired to exhibit. In these illustrations each view of the figure
or object to be represented is delineated in an attitude or position modified
from that of its neighbour, so that when the casing is caused to rotate, and
the illustrations contained therein are viewed through the slits or apertures,
the figures or objects in varied attitudes being caused by the rotation of the
casing to pass the eye in rapid succession convey to observers the effect of
animate figures or objects continually moving or changing position. We are
aware that effects of similar character have been previously produced by
means of illustrations arranged in rings or circles on revolving discs com-
bined with other discs formed with notches, the figures being reflected in
glasses, but we believe the means pursued by us, and whereby we dispense with
the use of glasses or reflectors, have never before been proposed.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WHEELS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND OTHER ROLLING STOCK
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Reynolds at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th November
1867.
I, EDWARD REYNOLDS, of The River Don Works, Sheffield, in the County
of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WHEELS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND OTHER
ROLLING STOCK," to be as follows:-
My Invention has reference to the manufacture of wheels for railway
carriages and other rolling stock of cast steel. Such wheels have heretofore
been made by simply casting them in moulds of the exact shape required,
and they have generally been cast in one piece with the tyre or wearing
part.
Now my Invention consists in first casting the wheel, or by preference the
skeleton, upon which a loose tyre is afterwards to be fixed, and whether with
spokes or arms or of the disc form, approximately to shape, and then working
it to the desired form by pressing or stamping in dies, after which when
required it may be turned or bored to the exact dimensions. By these means
the steel attains a much greater toughness and strength than it possesses
when merely cast to the required form. The process of pressing or stamping
may be applied to the whole wheel or skeleton, or it may be confined to
certain parts thereof, such as the bosses and rims of wheels that are cast with
discs in place of arms, or the disc part only if preferred.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PURSES AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Fritz Weintraud at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th September
1867. A communication from abroad by Franz Weintraud, of Offenbach,
Hesse Darmstadt.
I, FRITZ WEINTRAUD, of Aldermanbury, in the City of London, and of the
Firm of Christian Weintraud, junior, of Offenbach, Hesse Darmstadt, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PURSES AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to construct a purse or like article which
shall possess the advantages of both a portemonnaie and a money bag. I
employ a purse frame, the halves of which are jointed to each other at or near
the bottom of the purse at the ends, and I leave the joints free, that is to say,
unattached to the leather or other material composing the body of the purse,
so that when the frame and purse are opened the joints rise at the ends of the
purse without raising the bottom of the purse, and therefore without dimi-
nishing its capacity, as is the case when the joints of the frame are secured
to the bottom of the purse in the ordinary manner. The two sides of the
purse are made in one piece of leather or other material passing under the
bottom and having the necessary fullness to give to the purse the desired
capacity.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF SECURING THE NUTS OF BOLTS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Rudolph Bodiner at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th June
1867.
I, RUDOLPH BODMER, of Newport, in the County of Monmouth, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD
OF SECURING THE NUTS OF BOLTS," to be as follows:-
My Invention, which is especially intended to be applied to bolts used in
jointing rails by means of fish plates, consists in splitting longitudinally the
whole or a portion of the screwed part of the bolt, and after the same has
been put in its place, and the nut drawn up as tightly as may be considered
desirable, introducing and driving into the slit either in the direction of the
axis of the bolt or transversely a wedge representing a very slightly inclined
plane, so as in a trifling measure to expand the two halves or parts of the bolt,
and thereby to prevent the nut from becoming loose through the vibrations
caused by the passing of trains over the rails or from other causes. I
propose to employ bolts, in which the nuts are secured as above described
in iron bridges, girders, and other structures subject to vibration.