IMPROVEMENTS IN FELTED FABRICS SUITABLE FOR CARPETS AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Henry Julius William Maximilian Liebmann;
of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Merchant, for the Invention. of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FELTED FABRICS SUITABLE FOR CARPETS AND OTHER SIMILAR
PURPOSES, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Henry Julius
William Maximilian Liebmann at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd February 1862.
I, CHARLES HENRY JULIUS WILLIAM MAXIMILIAN LIEBMANN, of. Hudders-
field, in the County of York, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FELTED FABRICS SUITABLE FOR CARPETS
AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be
as follows:-
These improvements consist in the application of a woven fabric to a felted
fabric as a back to strengthen the felt, which back may be of any fibrous sub-
stance or material capable of being felted. Also in the means of producing
a ribbed, chequered, or other figured surface on felted fabrics, which is
effected by the use of a woven fabric made of materials or substances not
capable of being felted, which fabric is ribbed, chequered, or otherwise figured
according to the design intended to be imparted, employed as an endless
cloth, or otherwise, and is conducted through the felting machine along with

page_text: á sliver of wool or other fibrous substances capable of boing felted, which
figured surface may be either in combination with woven back or without
such back. Such fabrics may afterwards be finished and printed by ordinary
means or process, and used as carpets, hearth rugs, sofa covers, or for similar
uses.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Henry Julius William Maximilian Liebmann, in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd August 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
HENRY JULIUS WILLIAM MAXIMILIAN LIEBMANN, of Huddersfield, in the
County of York, Merchant, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Charles Henry Julius William Maximilian Liebníann, Her special
license that I, the said Charles Henry Julius William Maximilian Liebmann,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles
Henry Julius William Maximilian Liebmann, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no-others, from time to time
and at all tinies thereafter during the term therein expressed, 'should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and 'vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FELTED FABRICS SUITABLE FOR CARPETS AND OTHER SIMILAR
PURPOSES, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN,"
upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Charles Henry Julius William Maximilian
Liebmann, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing. under
'my, or their, or one of. their hands and seals, should particularly describe. and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Henry Julius William
Maximilian Liebmann, do hereby, declare the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say):-

page_text: These improvements consist in the application of a woven fabric to a felted
fabric as a back to strengthen the felt, which may be of any fibrous sub-
stance or material capable of being felted. Also in the means of producing a
ribbed, checkered, or other figured surface on felted fabrics, which is effected
by the use of a woven fabric made of materials or substances not capable of
being felted, which fabric is 'ribbed, checkered, or otherwise figured according
to the design intended to be imparted, and employed as an endless cloth, or
otherwise conducted through the 'felting "imachine 'along with a bat, lap, layer,
or sliver of wool, or other fibrous substance capable of being 'felted, and
which figured surface may be either in combination with a woven back or
without such' back: Such fabrics may afterwards be finished and printed by
ordinary means or process, and used as carpets, hearth rugs, sofa covers, or
for similar uses or purposes.
In further explanation of the manner in which this Invention is performed
or carried into practical operation, I would observe that it is a well-known fact
that soine kinds of fibrous substances, such as wool, &c., will adhere or are
capable of being "felted" or wrought together into a compact substance or
fabric, whilst others, such as hemp, cotton, &c., will not so adhere together.
Hence, in carrying out the first part of my Invention, I employ such sub-
stances as will felt or adhere together, and I first prepare the woven fabric by
ordinary means, and then pass it through the hardening machine as a founda-
tion or bottom "bat;" the top bat or bats being laid and worked on to it in
the usual manner or process of felting. After which the fabric is still further
felted together by milling, thereby combining woven and felted substances in
the same fabric, which is afterwards finished in the usual manner.
or
In carrying out the second part of my Invention, I employ a woven fabric
of such substances as will not felt or will not adhere with felting materials.
This I manufacture' in ribs, checks, or other patterns, figures, or designs,
according to the effect I wish to produce upon the felted fabric. I then pass
this woven fabric through the felting machine along with the "bats ".
layers of fibrous substances which are to form the felted fabric, so that the
woven and felted fabrics will be laid one upon the other, and thence passed
through the "hardening" process, or the pressing and steaming apparatus
together; but in consequence of the woven fabric not being of material
capable of felting or combining with the fibrous substances employed to form
the felt fabric, they will afterwards separate, when the felt fabric will be
embossed with the woven fabric, thereby producing a figure or design thereon
corresponding to that of the woven fabric.
Having thus fully described the nature of my said Invention, and the

page_text: manner in which the same is or may be performed or carried into practice, I
would have it understood that what I consider new, and therefore claim as of
my Invention, is,-
Firstly, the combining woven fabrics with felted in manner and for purposes
as herein described.
Secondly, the apparatus or means of manufacturing felted fabrics with an
embossed surface, substantially as herein explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Henry Julius William Maximilian
Liebmann, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth
day of August, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
CHARLES HENRY JULIUS WILLIAM MAXT
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Charles Henry
Julius William Maximilian Lieb-
mann, in the presence of
W*. TASKER,
Patent Agent,
Halifax.
I