matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVED, STAMPED METAL ROOF-TILING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Otto Seefels at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd January 1882. A communication
from abroad by Hermann Klehe, Leopold Strasse No. 1a, Baden-Baden,
Germany.
OTTO SEEFELS of 31 Barbican in the City of London, Merchant and
Manufacturer. "IMPROVED, STAMPED METAL ROOF-TILING." [A communication
from abroad by Hermaun Klehe, Leopold Strasse No. 18, Baden-Baden, Germany.]
The Metal Plates which are used for covering Roofs, Capulas etc. after this
System are made of Sheet-Metal i.e. Sheet-Iron,-Zink,-Copper etc. also of gal-
vanised and tinned Sheet-Iron, out of which they are stamped with Punches and
Dies. Fig. 1. of the Drawing annexed, representing two Plates or Tiles as laid
longitudinally, and Sections a-b and c-d show, how the Plates grip into each
other at their ends. The hollow at top-end of plate is shaped to receive into it
the bottom-end of the next plate or tile, inaking thus a most effective joint.-The
Spring-Clip i and the Tongues k, rivetted on to the plates and made out of stouter
Metal, serve to fix the plates on the battens of Roof. Fig. 2. represents two Plates
or Tiles laid side by side. The small bend n grips into the corresponding hollow m
of the next plate and effects a perfect union. The form of the plates is seen by
Section e-fand Section g―k.
A SAFETY APPARATUS FOR OPENING MINERAL WATER BOTTLES.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Constant Berthod at the
Ollice of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th June 1882.
DAVID CONSTANT BERTHIOD, Licensed Victualler of the "Crown" Thanet Street
Burton Crescent in the County of Middlesex A SAFETY APPARATUS FOR OPENING
MINERAL WATER BOTTLES.
A long piece of metal to cover the upper part of the bottle, with a rod inside to
work up and down for pushing the stopper of the bottle in and a spring to push
the rod up again. A wire netting fixed at the lower extremity of the piece of
metal so as to cover the greater part of the bottle, thus preventing (in case of the
bottle bursting) the pieces of glass flying about
Drawing subjoined: a. Long piece of metal, b. rod to push the stopper in, c, spring
to push to rod up again, d. wire netting to cover the bottle, c working of the rod.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAPS FOR
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Slagg at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th March 1882.
CHARLES SLAGG of Leeds in the County of York
HOUSE AND OTHER DRAINS,"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAPS FOR
When the throat of a trap on a line of pipe drain is of the same diameter as the
drain pipe, and of the same area as the two ends of the trap, the velocity of the
sewage through it is less than that of the sewage in the drain itself, except when
it runs completely full. The sewage in the drain usually runs at but a small
depth, and the cubic quantity is small compared with that due to a full drain, whilst
the trap is always full, however small may be the depth of sewage in the drain, and
the velocity through the trap is therefore proportionately less. This small velocity
through the trap is not sufficient to carry forward the solid matter flowing with
the sewage, such solid matter settles to the bottom of the trap, and is not carried
forward until a sufficient flush of water occurs, and this may not take place before
the solid matter has accumulated to such a degree that the flushing cannot
remove it.
Now the object of the first part of my invention is to construct a continuous
flushing trap, and for this purpose I permanently reduce the sectional area of the
throat, thus causing a sufficient velocity through the trap with the ordinary run of
sewage, and I thereby proportionately increase the velocity and the head of water
which causes it.
Secondly, for certain situations or positions that is to say, where it is desired to
make an inlet for fresh air into the drain, and when immediately below such inlet
it is desirable to place a trap to prevent the flow of air up the drain from the sewer
or cesspool into which the sewage is discharged, that is to say, to disconnect the
drain from the sewer or cesspool in respect of the passage of air, I make the mouth
of the trap with a continuous inclination upwards from the throat, in order that if
it should be necessary to remove any substance from it which the flow of sewage
cannot carry through, such as a piece of cloth or flannel, it may be reached from
the surface by means of a hook, and withdrawn therefrom.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLOURING MATTER
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Johan Hern Loder at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th May 1882.
JOHAN HERN LODER of Leiden, Holland, " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF COLOURING MATTER
"
This Invention relates to the manufacture of an improved red colouring matter:
In carrying out my Invention I proceed mainly as follows:-
The said colouring matter is obtained by the simultaneous reduction of various
colour bearing substances which are present in a mixture of extract of sorrel and
extract of red and yellow wood or rose wood or Brazil wood or fustic.
The reduction must be an acid reduction; and is most readily effected by the
action of hydrochloric acid upon zinc or iron. For this purpose about 20 Kilo-
grammes of extract of red or yellow wood or fustic, are dissolved in about 100 litres
of water, with say 10 kilogrammes of extract of sorrel.-To this solution is added
say one kilogramme of hydrochloric acid, and say 100 grammes of zinc in the form
of shot or iron filings.-When the reaction is completed, the liquid is decanted, and
the precipitate is dissolved after being submitted to pressure in concentrated
alcohol. This solution may be sold in this form or be first distilled or evaporated
by steam, the residue from the operation being then made into a paste with
glycerine.
The mother liquid is employed over again, until the density of the chloride of
zinc or iron renders same unfit for use. Thus there is no waste of colouring
matter.
The shades of colour obtained differ slightly according as iron or zinc is
employed, and according to the proportion of red or yellow wood used in the
process.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FITTINGS FOR INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LAMPS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Mortimer Evans at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th October 1882.
MORTIMER EVANS of Wemyss Bay in the County of Renfrew, Civil Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FITTINGS FOR INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LAMPS
"
The object of my Invention is to provide ready means of mounting incandescent
electric lamps on brackets, electroliers or other like supports and of making at the
same time the necessary connections. For this purpose I screw or otherwise attach
to the bracket or other support a cylinder or block of ebonite or other insulating
material in which are two metallic springs. Each of these springs has at the lower
end a hook.or-other-like-device, and to these hooks or devices the two terminals of
the lamp are respectively connected by rings or otherwise. One of the springs
forms a connection between one of the lamp terminals and the metal of the bracket
while the other spring forms a connection between the other lamp terminal and a
metallic piece in the ebonite cylinder this metallic piece being connected with the
conductor by which the electric current is supplied to the lamp. For the purpose
of ensuring metallic connection between the hooks on the springs and the rings or
corresponding devices on the lamp terminals, I employ a sheath or sleeve which is
preferably formed with slits or otherwise so as to possess a degree of elasticity;
this sheath embraces both the ebonite cylinder and the neck of the lamp flask.
order that the lamp may be connected to the hooks of the springs, the sheath is
pushed back to expose the hooks, and then when the lamp has been connected the
sheath is pushed down, the result of which is that the springs are stretched and
the metallic connection between them and the lamp terminals is ensured.
additional advantage of this sheath is that it steadies or fixes the lamp in its
position and as it covers the space between the lamp and the ebonite cylinder it
produces a pleasing effect which may be increased by making the sheath of an
ornamental character.
In
An
When two leading wires are employed, instead of connecting the springs direct
to the metal of the bracket and to a metallic piece which is connected to the
conductor, binding screws may be used as will be well understood.
STEAM STEERING APPARATUS "
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Duncan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th November 1882.
JAMES DUNCAN of Gracechurch Street in the City of London
IN STEAM STEERING APPARATUS
"
"IMPROVEMENTS
According to my invention a direct steam steering gear or apparatus is arranged
to stand over the rudder head or on the bridgo being connected to the tiller by a
lever on the machine or apparatus worked in a circular direction.
The steam cylinder used is of a quadrant shape fitted with circular automatic
valve.
This improved arrangement of steering apparatus dispenses with all chains or
ropes which are subject to breakage and consequent damage to ships.
The accompanying drawing shows the arrangement of the quadrant shaped
steam cylinder and piston fitted with automatic circular valve.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Duncan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th May
1883.
JAMES DUNCAN of Gracechurch Street in the City of London
IN STEAM STEERING APPARATUS "
"IMPROVEMENTS
According to my Invention a direct steam steering gear or apparatus is arranged
to stand over the rudder head or on the bridge being connected to the tiller by a
lever on the machine or apparatus worked in a circular direction.
The steam cylinder used is of a quadrant shape fitted with automatic valve.
This improved arrangement of steering apparatus dispenses with all chains or 1
ropes which are subject to breakage and consequent damage to ships.
The accompanying drawings show the arrangement of the quadrant shaped
steam cylinder A and piston B.fixed on the axis B¹ fitted with automatic semi-
rotating circular supply and exhaust valve C the several parts of which with the
steam ports and passages are shown separately the nature of each part being
written thereon so that a competent mechanic will readily understand the
arrangement.and.construction thereof
-Having thus described-the-nature of my invention and the-manner of performing
or carrying the same into practice What 1 claim is :-
First. The improved arrangement construction and application of steam steering
apparatus having a quadrant shaped cylinder such as A and piston such as B in
combination with automatic valve gear such as C for actuating the rudders of
-steam-ships-and-other-vessels-substantially-in-the-manner-herein-before-described
and represented in the drawings hereto annexed.
Second-I claim the improved arrangement construction and application of the
automatic valve gear C substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described
and represented in the drawings hereto annexed.
Third I claim the improved general arrangement and construction of steam
steering apparatus arranged to act substantially in the manner and for the purpose
hereinbefore described and represented in the drawings hereto annexed.
In witness Whereof I the said James Duncan have hereunto set my hand and
seal this eighth day of May in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.
Witness
J G TONGUE
Patent Agent
34 Southampton Buildings WC
J DUNCAN (LS)
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FRONTS OF SHIRTS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th September 1882.
A communication from Messieurs S. Stern and Son of Bielefeld in the
German Empire.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the firm of J. Brandt
& G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer of 124 Leipzigerstrasse
Berlin Germany "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FRONTS OF SHIRTS (A Communi-
cation from Messieurs S. Stern and Son of Bielefeld in the German Empire)
,,
A shirt made according to this invention is made with a sort of double front
consisting of two front flaps which can be used one after the other and which
without needing to be buttoned remain in their proper position. The shirt front
is closed at the side and this is done by means of a taper or narrow tongue or
extension of the upper free end of each flap which can be inserted in a pocket
provided close to the collar one on each side. The closure is thus either on one
side or the other of the front all according to which flap is placed outside for wear
at the time. The flaps are narrow below.
The advantages of such a construction of shirt are obvious. The closure is very
convenient and durable, as the button holes cannot wear or become damaged as
with other shirts; the shirt can be worn double the ordinary length of time, and
the invention is applicable to shirts with or without collar.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ENDLESS PLATFORMS OF GRAIN STRAW GATHERING AND BINDING MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peele Robinson of Saxby in the County of Lincoln,
Farmer for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN ENDLESS PLATFORMS OF
GRAIN STRAW GATHERING AND BINDING MACHINES
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peele Robinson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th September 1882.
PEELE ROBINSON, of Saxby, in the County of Lincoln, Farmer, "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ENDLESS PLATFORMS OF GRAIN STRAW GATHERING AND BINDING MACHINES
"
This Invention relates to an improved method of tightening up the travelling or
endless platforms which I propose to make of rolled steel plate or plates punctured
or indented, said tightening being effected by screw pins and nuts the pins having
links and claws at their opposite ends to engage in slots formed in the steel band.
The claws are readily removable by loosening the nuts, I purpose removing
a portion of the band at or near the central part and to hinge a flap thereto which
flap can be turned up to enable the knives or cutting mechanism to be got at with
facility for oiling the bearings and for repairs.
The screw pins pass through one or more of the slats which I purpose making
of steel, hollow and filled in with wood. I also fit angle iron strips at the sides for
the platform and slats to ride against to ensure their regular motion around the
end rollers. The band is punctured or indented from the outside to form
projections or "stubs," plain or with roughened edges, on the inside to bite the
surface of the end rollers while travelling round them.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN SEPARATING HAIR FROM COTTON, LINEN OR OTHER VEGETABLE FIBRE IN MIXED FABRICS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Harrison at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th December 1882.
CHARLES HARRISON of 323 High Holborn in the county of Middlesex "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SEPARATING HAIR FROM COTTON, LINEN OR OTHER VEGETABLE FIBRE IN
MIXED FABRICS
"
This invention has for its object the recovery of hair from mixed fabrics
containing both it and vegetable fibre-such as hair seating.
It consists generally in destroying the texture of the cotton or other vegetable
cellulose material by chemicals and manipulation incapable of acting injuriously
upon the animal fibre. I will illustrate the invention by describing the system as
at present worked out by me for hair seating merely premising that I do not bind
or limit myself to the exact quantities or procedure herein stated.
The waste Hair seating-preferably first sorted into large and small pieces and
the two qualities thus obtained treated separately, is loosely placed in a large acid-
proof-vat, or other suitable form of apparatus containing the acid solution made of
earthenware, or wood lined with sheet lead.
The acid solution consists of one part by measure of the strong ordinary
commercial Sulphuric Acid intimately mixed with thirty parts of Water.
The Hair-seating should remain in contact with the acid solution in the vats
until it has assumed a dark brownish appearance and is thoroughly limp and wet,
this usually takes from about 15 to 20 minutes to accomplish. When these
conditions have been obtained the saturated Hair-seating is removed from the Vats
and placed upon some suitable form of apparatus to drain and when sufficiently
dry is further dried at the temperature of boiling water, by means of a Water
oven, steam coils or any other form of apparatus that will secure the above-named
conditions.
The drying should be urged until the material is perfectly dry and hot
throughout. The cotton warp will then be found to be perfectly rotten and will
break and separate from the Hair with the slightest encouragement whilst the
Hair will remain intact preserving at the same time its colour and constitution.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR THE PREVENTION OF SEA SICKNESS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gannendro Mohun Tagore at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd October 1882.
GANNENDRO MOHUN TAGORE, of The Boituckhana, 17 Collingham Road, South
Kensington, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR THE
PREVENTION OF SEA SICKNESS."
The object of my said invention is to prevent the occurrence of sea sickness.
I effect this object by means of the application of a plaster to the pit of the
stomach. This plaster is formed (by preference) of mole skin canvas, cut, rectan-
gularly, to the size of one inch and a half by one inch and a quarter. Upon this a
mixture composed of Belladonna and Opium, in equal parts, is spread thinly and
evenly, leaving a margin of about one eighth of an inch on all four sides.
This plaster is to be applied during the voyage, and to be taken off upon landing.
The size of the plaster may be varied from the dimensions above mentioned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO DOOR OR OTHER LATCHES OR LOCKS AND TO HANDLES FOR. THE SAME AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Johnson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st April 1882.
WILLIAM JOHNSON of Liverpool in the county of Lancaster "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND APPERTAINING TO DOOR OR OTHER LATCHES OR LOCKS AND TO HANDLES FOR.
THE SAME AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention consists: First. In forming the handles so that they will not
work loose. One handle I prefer to fasten by means of a lock spring in the spindle
or handle fitting into a recess formed in the handle or spindle respectively. The
other handle is fastened by a slotted washer catching in a groove in the spindle or
a nut or other equivalent locking a sleeve and collar on the cylindrical spindle end,
the sleeve and collar being screwed to the handle. Both handles could however be
made the same way if desirable movable or stationary on the spindle, if stationary,
the spindle end is preferably squared as customary at present.
Second. Instead of turning the handle round to draw the bolt, I place a cam on
the spindle and either press or pull the handle so as to draw back the bolt by means
of the cam pressing against it, the bolt as usual being otherwise held in normal
catching position by a spring.
Third. To lock the latch I cause the angular spindle to traverse a preferably
similarly sectioned slot in a collar. This collar is held in place by guides of any
suitable construction (three screws holding by their heads will do) but so that it is
free to turn with the spindle. If therefore the handle that does not revolve on the
spindle be turned, it turns the spindle and collar and thus turns the cam so that it
will no longer act on the latch. This collar is kept from turning at open and full
lock by a spring detent or its equivalent. This detent can if desirable be applied
to the spindle and the collar dispensed with, or the spindle can be held in place in
any other convenient and well known manuer. The other handle say the outside
handle being free to turn on the cylindrical end of the spindle cannot now unlock
the latch.
If desirable each handle could be made to operate an independent locking
apparatus so that either of them could be used to lock the latch so that the other
could not unlock it, this however would be rarely desirable. The two handles

page_text: work in sockets which preferably are screwed to the door but could be if desired
attached to the lock frame. The handle if fastened on with a spring is provided
with a hole into which to insert a pin or peg to push back the spring so as to take
the handle off when required, the pin hole is preferably placed in a part unaccessible
when the whole is in position. On the handle I place the words "Locked"
"Unlocked" to show whether or not the latch may be opened by it when in that
position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VOLTAIC BATTERIES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Godfrey Gumpel at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th June 1882.
CHARLES GODFREY GUMPEL of No 49 Leicester Square in the County of
Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN VOLTAIC BATTERIES
My invention relates to a construction of voltaic batteries, either primary or
secondary, so as to render them conveniently portable in order that they may be
readily moved from place to place to be applied for lighting in mines, apartments,
carriages and elsewhere, or for other purposes for which electricity is employed.
I make the plates of metal, carbon or other material constituting the elements
of the battery, in the form of circular discs, all those of one battery being of the
same size, and I place these in proper order within a caoutchouc tube, interposing
between the discs or pairs of discs rings of vulcanite or such like material so as to
form spaces which are charged with the exciting substance and to prevent the
discs from being pressed together
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Roland Harrington and Thomas Fuller
at the Oflice of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th February 1882.
ROLAND HARRINGTON of Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford, Bicycle
Manufacturer, and THOMAS FULLER, of Southwark, in the County of Surrey,
Bicycle and Tricycle Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES.”
Our Invention relates firstly to what is known as double driving" mainly
applicable to tricycles, and is designed to arrange cheap, simple and effective
apparatus for the purpose, and secondly, to the construction of an improved chain
for transmitting motion in velocipedes.
We construct a tricycle with power transmitted from the crank shaft to one
driving wheel by chain or otherwise, as usual. On the opposite side we mount tho
chain wheel loose on its spindle, and carrying a toothed wheel. Abutting against
this is another toothed wheel keyed or fast on the spindle, the whole resembling
a divided wheel. A bell crank, carrying a pinion at its extremity, is jointed by
links to the rack steering rod.
Now when the tricycle is running in a straight line, this pinion connects both
toothed wheels driving both main wheels, but directly the handle is turned to give
the machine a curvilinear path, the pinion is freed from the toothed wheels, letting
the chain wheel on that sido free, and converting the machine (until a straight
course is resumed) into a single driver" allowing curves to be passed with ease
safety, and celerity.
"
Under the second head, we construct the links and distance rollers of our chain
as usual, but form jointing pins for connecting the links with a head and a groove
round their extremities.
When the chain is put together, pieces of spring steel punched out with recessed
ends (and exactly the length between two pins) are sprung into the grooves of
every two pins; thus holding them in and dispensing with rivetting.
To release any link the spring is forced out and the pin can be at once
withdrawn.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN OR RELATING TO LAMPS, WHICH MAY BE APPLIED ANALOGOUS ARTICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Bowen Lloyd at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st August 1882.
GEORGE BOWEN LLOYD, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Agent,
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN OR RELATING TO LAMPS, WHICH MAY BE APPLIED
ANALOGOUS ARTICLES,"
TO
The object of this Invention, which relates to an Improvement in or applicable
to lamps and to other analagous articles, is to provide a self acting means of
extinguishing the flame of a lamp, or of closing an outlet or aperture, upon the
lamp, or article assuming other than its proper and safe position.
The Invention is especially applicable to spirit and oil lamps which when alight
and as at present constructed are a source of great danger to person or property
should they be accidentally or otherwise overturned so as to spill their contents
and cause ignition of the surroundings.
In one modification of carrying my Invention into practice, I mount around the
top of the burner or orifice, a segmental or other extinguisher or stopper which can
freely turn about its centres, and to the free edge or edges thereof 1 fasten a chain
or other flexible connection, to the outer end of which I connect a metallic ball or
its equivalent, which has a seating when the lamp or article is in its safe position,
in a recessed arm affixed to the lamp, but from which position it immediately falls,
upon the lamp being improperly held or falling, and in so doing it draws the
extinguisher or stopper over the burner or orifice and so extinguishes the flame, or
prevents escape of the contents, so that even should the lamp break in falling and
its contents be spilled about, all danger of fire will be completely avoided.
According to other modifications an automatic extinguisher or stopper may be
arranged within the dome of the burner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAWN-EDGE-CLIPPING CUTTING MACHINES AND TURF-TRIMMING OR
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by Alfred Ridgway at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd April 1882.
ALFRED RIDGWAY of London Road Mill, Sutton Macclesfield, in the county of
Chester, "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAWN-EDGE-CLIPPING
CUTTING MACHINES
AND TURF-TRIMMING OR
This invention relates to further improvements on an invention for which Letters
Patent were granted to me dated the thirteenth day of November, one thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine and numbered 4626, the object of the present
improvements being the application and adaptation of the said invention to cutting,
clipping or trimming the edges of grass and turf on lawns, verges and the like, or
for cutting the turf in cutting out beds, borders and the like.
For this purpose I employ a toothed circular steel disc by which, in the rotary
motion given to the said disc by the driving wheel running on the edge of the
turf, a series of scissor or shear like cuts is produced (as described in the
specification of my said former Letters Patent) when the said disc comes in contact
with a back or duplicate blade which projects below the edge or surface of the
turf and also forms a guide to work to, thereby cutting or clipping the grass or
turf in a continuous line by a series of circular scissor or shear-like cuts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EFFECTING CONDENSATION OF THE LESS CONDENSIBLE MATTERS CONTAINED IN GAS.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jameson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th December 1882.
JOHN JAMESON of Akenside Hill in the City and County of Newcastle-upon-
Tyne, Consulting Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN EFFECTING CONDENSATION OF THE
LESS CONDENSIBLE MATTERS CONTAINED IN GAS.
My Invention is chiefly applicable to the condensation of highly volatile matters
contained in large quantities of gas extracted from coal or shale or similar matters
where it is desirable to extract as much of the condensible products as possible.
I first cool the gas to be dealt with by any ordinary means to the lowest con-
venient degree, I then by means of an air pump compress it and thereby develope
heat, I then first expose the compressed gas to such degree of natural cooling as
may be conveniently applied so as to extract the heat due to compression or nearly
so and then expose it to the cold produced by the expansion of a portion of the
gas previously compressed and cooled.-I effect this last cooling in apparatus
somewhat similar to the surface condenser of a steam engine and I effect the
expansion of the gas in an apparatus similar to a steam engine geared together
with the compression apparatus or in some way arranged so as to give back part
of the power employed in compression.-I arrange the cooling apparatus so as that
the coldest exhaust shall come in contact with the pipes containing the coldest
compressed gas and pass in succession to pipes containing warmer gas.
By this high degree of cooling combined with pressure, highly volatile products
may in a simple manner be obtained, which would otherwise be lost.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NICKEL
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Percy Carlyle Gilchrist and Sidney
Gilchrist Thomas at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
6th April 1882.
PERCY CARLYLE GILCHRIST and SIDNEY GILCHRIST THOMAS both of Palace
Chambers Westminster, Metallurgists. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF NICKEL."
Our invention relates to the manufacture of nickel by treating crude nickel pig,
in which nickel oxists in combination with carbon and more or less iron and other
substances, by injecting currents of air into the melted crude material.
The operation may be conducted in a gas furnace with one or more air twyers
or in an apparatus similar to a Bessemer converter with side or bottom twyers.
Air is blown through till all the iron and other impurities are oxidised. Slag
forming bodies as lime or silica may be added to form a fusible slag with tho
oxides produced.
The converter or furnace may have either a silicious or lime or magnesian lining.
We find that in this way metallic nickel may be manufactured in a fused form
at a mere fraction of the cost of the processes now used. Manganese or an alloy of
manganese or other highly oxidisable body may be added to the melted refined
nickel before it is cast to render it more malleable.
COSMIE' BEING THE NAME FOR GATHERED ENERGY OF THAT FORCE WHICH IN ITS NORMAL EXISTENCE EVENTUATES GRAVITATION
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Roald Arentz at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th October 1882.
ROALD ARENTZ of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of
Connecticut, United States of America "COSMIE' BEING THE NAME FOR
GATHERED ENERGY OF THAT FORCE WHICH IN ITS NORMAL EXISTENCE EVENTUATES
GRAVITATION,"
This invention relates to a new available force, capable of producing and
counteracting mechanical and physical forces.
The accompanying drawing represents a steel (or iron) bar sufficiently flexible
at its bend to permit its two ends to touch. I magnetize the said bar so that the
north or positive pole shall be at the one end and the south or negative pole at
the other end. I make these ends (poles) meet, by which action the two different
electrical or magnetic essences, circulating for an instant, before they come to rest,
in the same direction, will, united, induce or liberate the two opposite directions of
a distinct force, identical with the united inducing essences, and for the time being
dependent on their direction, which said distinct force I name " Cosunie." A bar
or mass of iron or steel or other body having forces so constituted I call a
"baromagnet." I call currents which "baromagnets" will produce or excite in
wires arranged in a suitable manner "cosmic currents."
The two ends of the said bar being or remaining in contact the two different
electrical or magnetic essences just before circulating in the same direction will, in
conformity with a law of individuality of direction consonant with mechanical
equivalents, mutually reverse, having the particles of matter as basifying principle
thereby taking a position favorable to induce the original force requisite for
gravitation, thus in arrangement of forces representing these as arranged on
particles of matter generally and consequently portraying the condition connected
with the centre of gravity and poles of the earth.
The term "Cosmie" in the sense here used is to imply the presence of gathered
energy of that force which in its normal existence produces gravitation, whether
such energy or force is derived from magnetism or electrical currents or from
'baromagnets" or currents produced by "baromagnets."
"
IMPROVE- MENTS IN TRICYCLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Fielding Marriott at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th June 1882.
THOMAS FIELDING MARRIOTT, of Leeds in the County of York, " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TRICYCLES."
The object of this Invention is to enable a person using a Tricycle to move the
cranks and alter their position when they get "cross centre" which is often the
case when a tricycle is ascending a hill.
My improvements consist in the employment of a toothed wheel which is
fastened on "hubs" of the driving wheels. This wheel is in gear with a wheel on
the crank shaft so that as the cranks revolve motion is given to the said wheel.
On the face of this wheel is an eccentric to which is connected one or more levers
capable of being operated by the hand of the Tricyclist, so that when the cranks get
and immovable by the fect the eccentric can be moved by the
handle altering the position of the cranks and so placing them that the feet of
tricyclist can freely move them.
"
cross centre
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRESSING, FINISHING AND LUSTRING STUFFS, AND IN APPARATUS IN CONNECTION THEREWITH.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Charles Henderson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th March 1882. A com-
munication from abroad by Victor Cheviet, Mechanician of Lyon in the
department of Rhone in the Republic of France
ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON of 6 Southampton Buildings Holborn in the
county of Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN DRESSING, FINISHING AND LUSTRING
STUFFS, AND IN APPARATUS IN CONNECTION THEREWITH.-A communication from
abroad by Victor Cheviet, Mechanician of Lyon in the department of Rhone in the
Republic of France
The object of this machine is to substitute by a combination of mechanical
movements the work usually performed by hand; that is to say at the time of
putting the stuffs into the press (one of the phases in finishing) a card or board is
placed between each fold alternately right and left of the piece, this is the operation
which the machine effects so obviating hand labour.
The machine consists of a pedestal frame of cast iron covered by a plate, the
whole forming a table on which are fixed or move various other pieces conducing
to the execution of the work.
The assemblage of these pieces on the plate constitutes two symmetrical
movements of guiding, and causing the ascent of the piles of card or board.
Two symmetrical movements advancing the card to facilitate its being taken
sheet by sheet
Four seizing devices take the card and are symmetrically arranged two and two
In front of the frame and about mid height between the ground and the table
is the driving gear of the machine.
As the height of the piles of card is constant and the height of the stuff increases
as the card is placed between it, a compensator regulates this inequality
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HARROWS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Wilder, James Wilder, and
Henry Wilder at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
29th March 1882.
RICHARD WILDER, JAMES WILDER and HENRY WILDER of Wallingford in the
county of Berks Engineers "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HARROWS
"
This Invention has for its object the construction of harrows which can be
rendered flexible at will for use on very uneven or heavy ground, and which can
be readily rendered inflexible or even folded up.
In constructing the said harrow we form the tines welded or bent or otherwise
connected to, or made in one piece with the beam sections, and these sections can
be formed for a zig-zag or other shaped harrow.
The beams being made in sections are jointed by bolts or pins passing through
them thus connecting one section to the next.
By so constructing the harrow the tines can drop in an uneven or hollow place
and the sections can be folded one on the other when not in use and so occupy a
small space.
To render the harrow inflexible, a removable bar, rod, or bars can be clamped,
bolted or otherwise secured on or to the harrow in a longitudinal or diagonal
direction thus bracing the sections firmly together
IMPROVEMENTS IN KEYS FOR FIXING THE RAILS OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Willis Swan and Thomas
Gibson Massicks at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
24th November 1882.
EDWARD WILLIS SWAN of Highfield, Middlesborough in the North Riding of
the County of York and THOMAS GIBSON MASSICKS of The Oaks, Broughton-in-
Furness in the County of Cumberland now residing in Middlesborough aforesaid
IMPROVEMENTS IN KEYS FOR FIXING THE RAILS OF RAILWAYS
We construct our improved Keys out of wrought or cast iron or steel which we
roll bend cast or stamp to shapes suitable for fixing the rails to chairs as bereinafter
described.
The key is hollow, open or closed at each end and shaped to fit the rail
and chair.
The key may be in one piece, but we prefer to make it open on the side next the
rail and narrower at one end than at the other so that it may be easily and tightly
driven into position; and, if necessary, to prevent the key from slipping we punch
holes in a slanting direction in the narrow end into which we insert a peg or
screw.
To strengthen the key, we make it with a web running down the middle of the
back, longitudinally, and extending from the back of the inside of the key to
the rail.
Or we make the key somewhat similar in shape to a B, the front to the rail the
back to the chair.
The key may be made in one piece or open at the front side.
In the middle, to strengthen or tighten up the key a wedge may be driven in
between the back and front.
Or we make the key of a triangular shape with equal or unequal sides rounded
at the points, if necessary, and opened on the front side if required.
Or we make the key in the shape of an angle either an obtuse, acute, or right
angle and with or without a web; or it may be made of T. H. or channel Iron of a
suitable shape and with or without holes for pegs as above described

page_text: Keys of this construction are as easily applied and are more serviceable than
those in ordinary use, and require no special knowledge or care; they will remain
firm in all variations of the weather, and unlike those now in use will not become
loose when a hot and dry season follows a wet one.
When worn out as railway keys they will bring about the one third part of their 5
oxicinal value eren iron or steel.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF UTILISING THE CASES OF SPENT CARTRIDGES FOR MINIATURE PRACTICE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Morris at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th June 1882.
RICHARD MORRIS of No 29 Cleopatra Grove Blackheath in the County of
Kent "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF UTILISING THE CASES OF SPENT CARTRIDGES
FOR MINIATURE PRACTICE
"
.
According to my invention, after sizing and shaping the cases of spent cartridges
I charge them for miniature practice in the following manner. I form a tube by
rolling a piece of paper round a mandril and secure its edge by gumming and I
fold over a tag of the paper at one end to form a bottom to the tube. I put into
this tube the small powder charge and twist the upper part of the tube to hold in
the charge. I then put the charged tube into the cartridge case with its bottom
close to the percussion nipple from which the powder is hus separated by a single
thickness of paper. In the mouth of the cartridge case I put a bullet hollowed out
for lightness.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROOFING MATERIALS AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME دو
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Beresford Edwards at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th March 1882.
"
EDWARD BERESFORD EDWARDS of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROOFING MATERIALS AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE
SAME
دو
This invention consists in forming slates of an artificial fictile ware composed of
well vitrified silicate of alumina and silica with or without other ingredients
The slates are formed in the plastic state with the holes and if desirable top and
bottom flanges formed therein before baking. They are then baked at a high heat
and a glaze formed on them with salt oxide of lead or vitreous or vitrifying
material fusing at a lower heat than the silicious base used and when fused on
silica insoluble in water. They can be coloured to any desired pattern or shade
with metallic oxides added to the base of the material or painted on below the
glaze.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF CLAY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS TILES AND SIMILAR PRODUCTS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th February 1882.
A coin-
munication from by François Cancalon, of Roanne, France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN of Kensington, Middlesex. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
TREATMENT OF CLAY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS TILES AND SIMILAR
PRODUCTS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR A communication from abroad by
François Cancalon, of Roanne, France.
This Invention has for its object to make the clay homogeneous without the
application of much water. It consists in pressing the clay, after having been
rolled out, through a perforated plate, which divides the clay into a bundle of
round strips or threads, and compressing this bundle of threads transversely so
as to form again a compact mass, which is pressed through a flat opening and
subsequently moulded into bricks, tiles or other ceramic ware. The apparatus used
for this purpose consists chiefly of two parallel pistons worked from a double
armed lever which obtains a rocking motion from a crank shaft, the upper piston
moving in a barrel which receives the clay from a hopper, while the lower piston
moves in a second barrel receiving the bundle of clay threads from the upper
barrel and allowing the clay to be pressed through a flat opening in the bottom of
the barrel. The perforated sheet forms the bottom of the upper barrel, from where
the bundle of threads is guided downward in a curved channel so as to fall into
the lower barrel, the said curved channel being closed at the top by round bars.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Llewellin at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 30th September 1882.
JOHN LLEWELLIN, trading under the style or firm of George Llewellin and Son,
of Haverfordwest, in the county of Pembroke Churn Maker "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CHURNS"
This invention relates to improvements in churns to be employed for churning,
washing, mixing or other operations requiring agitation of the material or substance
to be treated and the object of the invention is to improve the construction of the
churn so as to avoid the necessity of employing the usual fixed or loose beaters
which are often found to be troublesome and difficult to clean.
In carrying out my invention I construct the barrel of a number of angular
shaped chambers with an equal number of angular sections so arranged as to act as
beaters whereby when the barrel is revolved great agitation of the material or
substance in the barrel is effected; a further advantage from this construction is
that there are no spaces or crevices for the concretion or accumulation of foul
matter after the churning operation, thus allowing of the barrel being more easily
cleaned.
One of the hereinbefore described chambers, either in part or whole is adapted
to be used as a door, thereby affording a greater convenience for the putting in
and taking out of the milk or other material to be dealt with, and admitting of
more light and air for sweetening and purifying the churn after use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RATCHET-BRACES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at. the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th September 1882. A coin-
munication to him from abroad by Breuer, Schumacher and Company, of
Kalk, in the German Empire.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
RATCHET-BRACES" a communication to me from abroad by Breuer, Schumacher
and Company of Kalk, in the German Empire,
This invention has for its object to feed the drill automatically forward during
the operation of drilling. For this purpose I use two parallel ratchet wheels,
one of which is mounted on the drill holder or spindle and serves to turn the
same, while the other has one tooth less and is made in one piece with a tube
projecting through the ratchet frame on the side opposite to the drill. The
inside of said tube is tapped and contains a hollow feed-cylinder or ferrule which
screws itself in or out by turning the tube. The front end of this ferrule abuts
against a shoulder of the drill-holder, while the back end receives the end of the
adjusting spindle. In turning the handle or lever of the ratchet brace, the ratchet
contained therein moves both ratchet wheels, thereby turning and feeding the
drill simultaneously.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PNEUMATIC BRAKES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Jasper Wetter at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th April 1882, a communication
from abroad by Paul Benoit Michel, of Paris, France.
JASPER WETTER, of New Wandsworth, Surrey IMPROVEMENTS IN PNEUMATIC
BRAKES, a communication from abroad by Paul Benoit Michel, of Paris, France.
This invention relates to pneumatic brakes for railway trains and consists in a
peculiar construction or arrangement of apparatus placed under every vehicle,
as follows:
A hermetically closed cylindrical casing contains two differential pistons on a
piston rod, which actuates the brake blocks. The two pistons are situated near
the ends of the casing and move in cylinders which are open towards the casing,
which communicates with the main pipe by a short pipe provided with a valve
opening towards the casing but preventing the escape of air from the casing to
the main pipe.
The valve chest communicates through a thin pipe with a regulating piston-
valve from which a small pipe leads to the outer end of the large piston, so that
the outer end of the large piston communicates with the casing, when the regulator
valve is open. The regulator valve, contains two pistons moved by hand, and
communicates at one end with the main pipe.
When the brakes are free and the apparatus in its normal condition, the large
piston is at the inner end of its cylinder, and the latter communicates with the
main pipe. But if in consequence of a rupture the pressure in the main pipe is
reduced, the pressure on the outer end of the large piston will also be reduced
while the pressure in the casing remains constant, whereby the position of the
pistons is changed and the brakes applied to the wheels. For loosening the brakes
of isolated carriages it is only necessary to place the regulator valve so as to
connect the casing with the outside of the large cylinder so as to equalize the
pressure on both sides of the piston.