IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING AND CUTTING PILE FABRICS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co. Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING AND
CUTTING PILE FABRICS" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to looms for weaving and cutting velvet and other pile
fabrics, in which two cloths or backings with connecting pile threads between
them, are woven and delivered to the front of the loom, and the pile threads there
severed by laterally travelling cutting mechanism, so as to produce two pieces of
velvet, delivered face to face, at one operation; and my improvements are designed
principally to overcome the difficulty experienced with such machines in producing
a velvet of even surface and regular length of pile, owing to the knife losing its
sharpness before completing its lateral travel from edge to edge of the fabric.
To this end the said invention comprises cutting mechanism in which two pile.
severing knives are arranged and which are caused to travel laterally, each
distance only slightly more than half the width of the pile fabric in a transverse
guide plate or race, as hereinafter fully described.
The said Invention also consists partly in the combination and arrangement of
two double cams, pulley wheels and actuating cords, whereby the cutting mechanism
is reciprocated; in the knife-carriages and the transverse guide plate for the same;
and in the elastic stopping device for the knife carriages.
In the accompanying drawings.
:
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the loom, from the outside, showing the position
of one of the double cams operating its pulley wheel to which the cords drawing
one of the knife carriages are attached, and also showing an upper single cam
operating the sharpening rollers on one side of the loom; and the relative position
of the said rollers and knife carriage.
Figure 2 is a front view of a part of the loom showing the position of the cords
and pulley wheels on each side.
Figure 3 is a front view of a pair of sharpening rollers.

page_text: Figure 4 shows the mechanism by which the upper and lower sides respectively
of the knife are caused to alternately press against the upper and lower sharpening
rollers.
•
Figure 5 is a view of part of the same detached.
Figure 6 is a top view of the transverse grooved guide plate or race bar in which
the knife carriages are reciprocated; and of the stopping device therefor, and,
Figure 7 is a view of one end of the same drawn to an enlarged scale..
Figure 8 is a side view of the velvet delivering rollers, one of the pile severing
knives, and the supporting plate, showing the position of these several parts
relatively to each other.
Figure 9 is a view of the parts shown in Figure 1, from the inside.
Figures 10 and 11 are side and top views respectively drawn to an enlarged
scale of the double cam and rack bar on each side of the loom, whereby the pulley
wheels are partially revolved as hereinafter described.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.
The frame work of the loom supports on each of its sides A, A a single cam B
and a double cam C actuated by a pair of cog wheels E E Figure 1. The single
cam B operates to raise and lower a weighted bar d, one end of which is connected
by an upright rod to the sharpening mechanism.
The lower double cam C, secured to the shaft of its actuating cog wheel, operates
to give reciprocating motion to the bar b by bearing alternately against the friction
rollers e, f. The bar bis provided with a cog rack on the upper surface of one of
its ends, which gears with a small cog wheel secured to the same shaft as the cog
wheel, which in turn drives a cog wheel m secured to the pulley wheel F supported
on a shaft L extending out from one side of the loom (see Figure 2). Mechanism
similar to that described, and shown in Figure 9 is arranged on the opposite sido
of the loom. By means of the double cam C operating the rack-bar and cog
gearing as described, alternate partial revolutions in each direction are given to the
pulley wheel F, to which are secured two bands or cords, 8 8 the free end of each
of which is attached to the knife carriage, one cord on one side and one on the
other side thereof, so as by the alternate partial revolutions of the pulley wheel in
opposite directions, to pull the carriage backwards and forwards transversely along
the grooved guide plate or race of the loom." A similar set of cords s¹, s¹ and a
knife carriage, are provided for the other side of the loom; both knife carriages
moving in the same guide plate but only each slightly more than half the distance
across and alternating with the other in its lateral travel from its end of the
carriage race to about the centre thereof.
"
1.
Transversely across the frame of the loom are arranged two bars or plates R
and S, their relative positions being as shown in Figure 6; the former being merely
a metal plate
or bar supporting the double pile fabric while it is being severed in
two through the pile by the laterally moving cutting knives, said bar R being
recessed near each of its ends to admit of the insertion and support therein of the
housings for the sharpening rollers, and so that the upper and lower sharpening
rollers shall come in contact with the upper and lower sides respectively of the
knife blade, as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
t
.
"The bar S is a grooved transverse guide plate recessed at each of its ends to hold
two sets of friction pulleys r, ", over which the knife cords pass to the pulley
wheel F; and having one wide groove its entire length serving as a race for the
knife carriages T T. At the bottom of this groove are two smaller parallel grooves
extending to the recesses at each end of the plate, and within which the knife
cords are moved. Two cross-bars 1 and 2 are secured to the bar S at each end,
supporting a guide rod 6 having an enlarged inner end which serves as a stopper
for the knife carriage, and upon the rod 6 are placed two pieces of india-rubber
tubing 4, 5, and between them a metal band 3 which may be shifted along the rod,
against the tubing, and fastened tight at any point thereon by a set screw. By
this arrangement the india-rubber tubing acts as an elastic cushion for the enlarged
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page_text: "
end of the stopper rod, and in turn for the knife carriage; the movable metal band
also enabling the operator to permit the knife carriage to move closer to or further
from the end of the bar S and so present different portions of the knife blade to
the sharpening rollers from time to time. This mechanism is shown in detail in
Figures 6 and 7, the latter Figure showing only one end of the bar S, the other
end thereof containing similar mechanism for the other knife carriage.
The knife K, to cut the pile laterally between the two backings, is secured in a
holder K' mounted in a carriage T moving laterally in the large groove of the bar S,
backwards and forwards half the length of the bar, from about its centre to one
end, by means of the pulley cords herein before described. The end of the knife
bolder K swings upon a cross-bar passing through it and having its bearings in
the carriage T, and a spring is coiled around this cross-bar, with its ends fastened to
the carriage, so that the tendency is to press the knife blade down upon the
supporting bar R or upon the velvet resting thereon, and cause the knife to travel,
in its reciprocating motion, in a straight line, and cut the pile evenly.
Each knife carriage is provided with two pulley cords fastened one at each end
thereof; one cord passing therefrom over the friction roller r to and partially
around the pulley wheel F and having its end knotted in the periphery thereof;
the other cord is fastened to the other end of the knife carriage and passes along
one of the small grooves in the bar S to the other end thereof, where it passes over
a similar friction roller and back under the bar S to another friction roller 7 and
thence to and partially around the pulley wheel F to which it is fastened. A like
set of cords for the other knife carriage is arranged and operate in the same manner
at the other end of the bar S, moving in the other small groove in the said bar and
over the friction rollers r¹. These are delineated in Figures 2, 6, and 7 of the
drawings. This arrangement causes the knife carriages to be moved backwards
and forwards in the carriage race when and as the pulley wheels wind up either
cord successively as the said wheels are turned in either direction by means of the
mechanism operated by the cam C.
Upper and lower velvet rollers L L suitably mounted in the frame of the loom,
see Figure 8, take up the two pieces of pile fabric cut apart by the knives K from
the two woven backings, and draw forward the uncut double pile fabric up to the
travelling knives, as it is delivered over and upon the supporting bar R.
The sharpening device consists of two cylindrical rollers covered with leather, or
otherwise prepared to produce a fine and sharp edge on the knife, mounted one
above the other in a housing or frame w supported in a recess in the bar R,
as shown in Figure 3, with appropriate mechanism for revolving these rollers and
bringing them alternately to bear against the upper and lower sides respectively of
the knife. The construction and operation of sharpening mechanism applicable to
looms of this character, is well known and forms the subject of several letters
patent.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim as the invention communicated to me is
First In looms for weaving and cutting double pile fabrics, the combination of
the two double cams C, C, with the rack bars b, b, arranged on opposite sides of the
frame; two pulley wheels F arranged in like manner and mechanism connecting
the said rack bars therewith; two knife carriages T T with their knives; transverse
grooved race bar S, and two sets of pulley cords, each set connecting one of the
knife carriages T to its appropriate pulley wheel F, whereby the pile of the woven
fabric is severed laterally, each half of its width by each knife, one following the
other in the same direction alternately, that is, from side to centre of the carriage
race, substantially as described.
.
Second-In combination with the velvet supporting rail R and with mechanism
for delivering double pile fabric to be cut to form two pieces of pile fabric, the cutting
mechanism herein described consisting of two knife carriages T T with severing

page_text: knives KK; reciprocated by means of two sets of cords 8, 8¹ and two pulley
wheels F F arranged on opposite sides of a supporting frame, with mechanism for
partially revolving each of said pulley wheels alternately in opposite directions,
and thereby winding and unwinding successively the cords 8, 8, on one side of the
loom, and in like manner the cords 8¹ 8 on the other side; and a transverse guide
plate or race-bar S with its grooves as described; the said parts being constructed,
arranged and operating substantially as set forth, so that the double pile fabric
shall be severed, each half of its width by said laterally travelling knives moving
alternately with each other in said race bar from side to centre of the loom.
Third: The combination, in machinery for cutting double pile fabric, with
a transverse guide plate or race for a laterally travelling severing knife of an
elastic stopping device for the knife carriage, consisting of the cross bar 1, 2 guide.
rod 6, india rubber collars 4, 5 and set screw band 3, constructed and operating
substantially as described..
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.