Improvements in Exhaust Ventilators.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 20th Nov., 1894--Accepted, 29th Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Exhaust Ventilators.
HENRY THOMAS JOHNSON St. Andrews Chambers Albert Square Manchester
Ventilating Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to exbaust ventilators such as may be used on buildings but
more particularly for ordinary carriages and railway carriages and ships. The
actuating power when used for buildings depending on the wind, but when used for
carriages, then depending upon the current of air consequent upon the motion of
the carriage, when used on ships, the actuating power will be from the force of the
wind and the motion of the ship.
On the drawing herewith Fig. 1 is a cross section Fig. 2 elevation Fig. 3 plan.
a. in Fig. 1 represents an opening corresponding to an opening in a roof or ceiling
of a room or carriage or ship. b. the ventilating shaft or tube covered in at the
top by the plate c. and having two outlet arms with the effluent exits d. d. above
the plate c. are chambers e. Fig. 3 divided by the double diverting cone f. and the
guide plates g. The chambers e. have openings h and h³ to receive the air current,
either by the wind or by the current created by the passage of the carriage or ship
whichever way the latter two may travel, as the openings h. h' face the direction of
forward motion in either case.
If the progression is in the direction of 1. the air current will enter at h. and be
diverted downwards by the plates 9. to the passage j. and in passing will create a
suction at the mouth d. finally escaping at k. and so exhaust air from the
compartment in which the ventilator may be placed.
If the progression is reversed in the direction of m. the air current will then
enter at hand so again by the passages j. to exits k.
The dividing or guide plates g. do not extend to the full depth of passages j.
thus allowing the air current to traverse the full length of the exits d. k.
By the downward direction of the passages j. any dirt, rain, or snow entering the
chambers e. will be carried past the mouths d. and out at k. thus avoiding the same
being carried or drifted into the compartment.
The ventilator having the same action on either side of its centre line y. z. Fig. 1
it may be divided vertically in halves and have an intervening space enclosed on
front and back forming a box in which a lamp may be fixed or suspended. Such
combination may be adapted for buildings, carriages or ships.
In railway carriages under present arrangements the roof is pierced for a lamp
and for one or two ventilators, by the arrangement here proposed one opening in
the roof would be sufficient.
Dated this Nineteenth day of February 1894.

page_text: HENRY THOMAS JOHNSON St. Andrews Chambers Albert Square Manchester
Ventilating Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to exhaust ventilators such as may be used on buildings,
but more particularly for railway carriages, or for ordinary street carriages or for
ships.
The actuating power when used on buildings being dependent on the wind, for
ships the power will depend on the wind and on the forward motion of the ship.
But for vehicles of any description the power will depend principally or almost
entirely on the current created by the forward motion of the vehicles viz. railway
trains or road vehicles.
Referring to the drawings deposited with my Provisional Specification dated
Feb. 19th 1894 Fig. 1 represents a cross section. Fig. 2 elevation. Fig. 3 plan.
a. in Fig. 1 represents an opening corresponding to another opening in the roof
or ceiling of a room, carriage or ship. b. the ventilating shaft or tube covered in
at the top by the plate c. and having outlet arms with the effluent exits d. d. above
the plate c. are chambers e. Fig. 3 divided by the double diverting cone f
The chamber e. and the outlet arms divide the upper part of the ventilator into
two parts, therefore the front and the back of the ventilator correspond, either side
receiving the air current according to the direction of the vehicle. The wind or
produced current of air from the vehicle, enters the chamber e. and being diverted
by the cone f. passes out at d. sucking the air through the shaft b. from the
carriage, ship, or room.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The particular form of exhaust ventilator somewhat resembling the Roman
capital letter T as set forth in the drawing, comprising an exhaust air shaft with a
superposed inducing chamber actuated either by natural wind currents or by
imparted air currents consequent upon the progression of the carriage or ship and
so designed by the downward direction of the outlet arms as to prevent dirt rain
or snow entering the compartment.
2. Also by the direction or arrangement of the dividing plates in the inducing
chamber, to obtain the exhaust power from the alternative progress or direction of
the carriage or ship or from the contrary direction of the wind.
3. Also to divide the entire ventilator, shaft and superposed chamber into two
portions to admit of a lamp being enclosed within or between the two halves, so
that one opening in the ceiling or roof will serve to ventilate the compartment and
provide exit for products of combustion from the lamp.
Dated this Nineteenth day of November 1894.
HENRY THOMAS JOHNSON.