AN APPARATUS OR REFRIGERATOR FOR MORE SPEEDILY AND EFFECTUALLY COOLING THE WORTS AND OTHER FERMENTED, FERMENTABLE, OR OTHER LIQUORS, OR MELTED OR DISSOLVED ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, MANUFACTURED, MADE, OR USED BY OR IN THE PROCESSES OF BREWERS, DISTILLERS, VINEGAR MAKERS, SOAP MAKERS, SUGAR REFINERS, CHEMISTS, OR OTHER MANUFACTURERS OF ARTICLES OF A SIMILAR NATURE OR USING SIMILAR PROCESSES
Year: 1801

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
TICKELL, of Mansell Street, in the Parish of Saint Mary, Whitechapel, in the
County of Middlesex, Brewer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Third, by His Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of that part of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland called Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster;
the Second day of May now last past, hath given and granted unto me,
the said Henry Tickell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, special
licence, full power, sole priviledge, and authority to make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, during
the term of fourteen years therein expressed, my Invention of "AN APPARATUS
OR REFRIGERATOR FOR MORE SPEEDILY AND EFFECTUALLY COOLING THE WORTS AND
OTHER FERMENTED, FERMENTABLE, OR OTHER LIQUORS, OR MELTED OR DISSOLVED
ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, MANUFACTURED, MADE, OR USED BY OR IN THE
PROCESSES OF BREWERS, DISTILLERS, VINEGAR MAKERS, SOAP MAKERS, SUGAR
REFINERS, CHEMISTS, OR OTHER MANUFACTURERS OF ARTICLES OF A SIMILAR NATURE
OR USING SIMILAR PROCESSES;" in which Letters Patent there is contained a
proviso, obliging me, the said Henry Tickell, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of my
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled
in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next.

page_text: after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Tickell, in compliance with the
said proviso, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained by the annexed Drawing and the following description, that
is to say:-
In order to give the most clear and perspicuous instruction and information
to engineers and other artists competently skilled in the construction of
hydraulic apparatus, to enable them to carry this my said Invention into full
effect, I shall in the first place describe my said apparatus or refrigerator in
general terms, and in the next place proceed to illustrate and exhibit the same
by a Drawing and description. It consists of parts forined, organized, arranged,
and operating as follows, namely:-A pump or other engine capable of giving
motion to fluids, or an elevated head or receptacle, into which said pump,
engine, or receptacle the fluid matters intended to be cooled are to be con-
veyed, and from which the said fluids are urged, either by the mechanical
action of the said pump or engine, or by the power of gravitation, in their
descent from the said head into a certain main pipe or pipes, placed horizon-
tally or otherwise, as may be most convenient; and from thence the said fluids
issue out with violence into the air through smaller pipes, nozles, or adjutages,
such as are usually adapted to fountains, and become divided into small
streams and drops, which fall down into an appropriate vessel in a much more
refrigerated state than the same could have acquired by the usual processes of
of the brewery and other manufactories. Or otherwise the said fluids may
be
suffered to fall in streams or drops from the said head or receptacle through
the air into the said appropriate vessel. From the last-mentioned vessel the
said fluids are permitted to run through a broad, shallow, inclined pipe or
gutter of thin copper, or other fit material, which is kept at a low temperature
by a mass of surrounding cold water from a well or other place of supply,
which said mass is renewed or changed by a constant stream, or otherwise.
produced by means commonly used and well-known;_and_the fluids which
pass out in a more refrigerated state from the said shallow inclined pipe or
gutter may again be pumped or urged up to the main pipe through the
apparatus, as before, and by that means be again dispersed in the air, and
passed through the said inclined pipe or gutter; and this process of refrigera-
tion and exposure to the air may be repeated as often as the nature, quality,
and temperature of the fluids and the purposes of the manufactory may require.

page_text: In the second place, in order to illustrate, exemplify, and render this present
description still more easy to be understood by every class of operative men, I
proceed to describe the parts and effect of the said apparatus, as shewn by the
Drawing hereunto annexed. A, A, represent a set of pumps which receive
worts or hot fluid through the pipe of conveyance M, and force it through the
ascending pipe B into the main pipe C, C, C, C, whence it issues through the
adjutages 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and falls into the extended vessel P, P, whence it
is conveyed through the inclined, shallow, broad, or flat pipe or gutter H, H,
which is kept cool by a constantly renewed stream of cold water from the back
or vessel I, (N.B., the worts or hot fluid are drawn of a red colour, and the
cold water blue,) to the reservoir K, and from K the said worts or fluid in
the process of cooling is again, if necessary, passed through the pipe L to the
pump A, A, in order to be again raised and still more refrigerated by the
transition through the air and the inclined pipe or gutter, as before; or other-
wise, in case it should be preferable or more convenient, to cause the fluid to
drop or fall through the air from the elevated back or vessel F, F, instead of
through the main pipe C, C, C, then the cock 7 must be closed, and the cock
8 opened, by which disposition the worts or heated fluid will ascend through
the pipe E into F, F, and fall down through the perforations in this last vessel
into P, P, as required; or otherwise, in case by the relative situations of the
works it should be more convenient, to deliver the worts or heated fluid into
F, F, or any other elevated vessel having its perforations, if any, stopped up,
and thence conveyed by a pipe into the main pipe C, C, C, instead of using
any pump or engine at all to cause the jets at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Then and
under this arrangement of the works a similar afflux of the wort or heated fluid
will be caused by its mere descent by gravity, and the violence of the stream
will be greater the greater the fall; and in case the cooling process, on account
of the temperature of the weather or other circumstances, should prove
sufliciently rapid and effectual, without using the part H, H, of the apparatus,
the cooled fluid may then be drawn off by the pipe N. The letter G repre-
sents an air vessel for equalizing the stream, and the figures 9, 10, 11, 12,
represent cocks, of which the uses are sufficiently obvious; 0, 0, represents
the building. And lastly, I do declare that the dimensions, structure, and
positions of all and every the said parts of this my said Invention will require
to be varied according to the magnitude and extent of the works, the nature
and qualities of the materials or subjects of operation, and the purposes
required to be effected, as well as the local and other conveniences to be
obtained, and are to be constructed of materials commonly used for such

page_text: several purposes. But that these and several other variations must and will
necessarily present themselves to the mind of every man of sufficient skill to be
intrusted with the fabrication or erection of this or any apparatus of the like
description.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Tickell, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of October, in the forty-second year
of the reign of King George the Third, and in the year of our Lord
. One thousand eight hundred and one.