Improvements in Machines for the Manufacture of Boxes from Cardboard, or other Material.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Machines for the Manufacture of Boxes from
Cardboard, or other Material.
1
I, HEINRICH WOLLHEIM, of No. 344, Wilhelminenstrasse, Loschwitz, near Dresden,
in the Kingdom of Saxony and German Empire, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:
Round or angular boxes are made at present in one piece with known machines in
such a manner that dises of card board or similar material fed into. the machine .or
cut therein are pressed into a matrix closed at the rear. When the box has been
made, and the stamp. or die returns, it takes the box with it, which is pushed off by
a device arranged on the matrix and is thrown out off the machine. Boxes thus
made have the disadvantage that their form or shape is not quite perfect, because
the sides of the boxes spread out somewhat after leaving the matrix and the boxes
thus become slightly conical.
This invention is designed to obviate the before mentioned disadvantage. For this
purpose the matrix is left open and a short open tube is attached thereto which serves
as a shaving device for the card board boxes. The short tube is of the same inner
diameter as the matrix, but the end near the matrix is turned conically inside for a
short distance. The die which enters the matrix and forms the disc of card board
into a box pushes the latter into the short tube until the edges of the box protrudes
just a little over the conically turned surface of the tube. When the die returns it
takes the box only so far that the front edge of the latter reaches the rear end of the
matrix. During this operation the front edge of the box expands into the
conical enlargement of the short tube, the box comes to a stand-still and the die
returns.
When the die makes a further forward movement and stamps a new box it com-
presses the air in the space between the box remaining in the short tube and the
newly formed box, which causes the box in the tube to move further in the latter.
In this manner the edge of the box which has previously been expanded is again
drawn together or narrowed. In this manner two or more boxes are pushed into
the tube, according to the length of the latter, until the rear box drops out. The
perfect shape of the boxes is ensured by the travel of the boxes through the tube
and their presence therein for an appreciable length of time.
The effect of the before described operation is increased by strongly heating the
matrix and tube, the latter more than the former. By heating the air in the tube
the tension of the former is increased and the driving out of the box from the tube is
facilitated.
The machine may be constructed so as to use discs of card board or similar material
previously cut, or to cut the discs from a roll of card board strip or the like.
It is generally desirable to impregnate the card board or similar material of the box
with a liquid to protect it against teinperature and weather. If the material is fed
to the machine the impregnation can be effected during the feed. The strip of
material is unwound from a roll, passes then through the impregnating apparatus,

page_text: which moistens the strip on the side which is to form the outside of the box and is
passed over the drying apparatus which dries the material to a certain extent.
The remaining moisture evaporates in the strongly heated matrix and the vapour
formed assists in driving the boxes from the tube.
If the machine cuts the discs from the strip of material the die is enclosed by a
slide provided at its front towards the matrix with a cutting ring which corresponds
with the cutting edge of a cutting plate arranged in front of the matrix.
The movement of slide and die is calculated so that when the machine is in
operation the slide and cutting ring advance first and cut the disc from the strip fed
towards it. The slide then stands still and the die moves forwards stamps or presses
the box and pushes the latter into the tube. The die, and immediately afterwards
the slide, then return into their former positions.
The feed of the strip is effected intermittently in such a manner that during each
operation of the die the strip is fed forwards as much as is required by the width or
size of the discs to be cut, the strip then remains at rest until the stamping is
effected in order to be pushed forward afresh afterwards.
The machine can be arranged so that several dies work simultaneously. The dies
in this case work together in a slide, which is provided with as many cutting rings as
there are stamps.
Or the discs may be cut in a separate machine, and a feeding slide working trans-
versely to the axis feeds one disc after to the other the machine.
FELL & JAMES,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Machines for the Manufacture of Boxes from
Cardboard or other Material.
I, HEINRICH WOLLHEIM, of No. 344, Wilhelminenstrasse, Loschwitz, near
Dresden, in the Kingdom of Saxony and German Empire, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Round or angular boxes are made at present in one piece with known machines, in
such a manner that discs or pieces of card-board or other suitable material fed into
the machine or cut therein are pressed into a matrix closed at the rear. When the
box has been made, and the stamp or die returns, it takes the box with it, which is
pushed off by a device arranged on the matrix and is thrown out of the machine.
Boxes thus made have the disadvantage that their form or shape is not quite perfect,
because the sides of the box spread out somewhat after leaving the matrix on account
of the elasticity of the paper board, and the boxes thus become slightly conical. This
is particularly the case with deep boxes.
This invention is designed to obviate the before mentioned disadvantage by leaving
the matrix open at the rear end and attaching thereto a short open tube which serves
as a shaping device for the card-board boxes and the end of which near the matrix is
turned conically inside for a short distance.
In a modified manner the matrix may be made so long that it forms the tube as
well, in which case the conical recess is made in the middle of the length of the
matrix. Such machines may use discs or sheets fed into it piece by piece, or may
cut such discs or sheets from a continuous strip or band.

page_text: marked thereon.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, shows a vertical section of the machine.
Figure 2, Sheet 1, is a plan of the machine..
Figures 3 to 6, Sheet 1, show details.
Figures 7 to 9, Sheet 2, are a side view, a plan and a transverse sectional view
respectively of the apparatus for feeding a card-board strip to the machine, from
which the discs or pieces are cut of which the boxes are made.
Figure 10 shows a detail, at an enlarged scale, of the apparatus, illustrated in
Figures 7 to 9.
The left side of Figure 1 and Figures 4, 5 and 6 illustrate more particularly
the several phases during the stamping of the box in the machine.
m, Figure 1, is the matrix open at its rear end, f the tube fixed against the
same, the conical recess in the front part of the latter.
The dies which enters the matrix m in order to form a card-board disc or sheet
into a box, pushes the latter into the tube ƒ so that the edge of the box passes a
When the
short distance beyond the conical recess f¹ of the tube f see Figure 4.
die & returns, it takes the box only so far that the front edge reaches the rear edge
of the matrix, see Figure 5, because the rim of the box expands in the conical
recess of the tube f. When the die s advances again and stamps another box, it
compresses simultaneously the air in the space between the box left in the tube f
and the box last made. The pressure of the compressed air pushes the box further
into the tube f, the expanded rim of the box is thereby drawn in again, see
Figure 6. In this manner, two or more boxes pass into the tube f according to
the length of the latter, until the first made box is pushed out from the rear of
the tube by the following boxes.
As each of the boxes remains in the tube ƒ for a considerable time in the
manner described, the box has no longer the tendency to expand at the edge, after
leaving the tube f.
The operation before described of permanently settling the shape of the box is
assisted by strongly heating the matrix m and the tube f, the latter a little more
than the former. The heating of the air in the tube f increases the pressure of the
enclosed air between box and box thus making the expulsion of the box more
certain. The steam developed from the card-board which is worked in moist
condition also assists in attaining this purpose.
The boxes may be made in the before described machine in a round shape either
from discs fed to it one after the other, or from discs cut by the machine from a
strip of card-board or similar material fed into it, or angular boxes from suitable
sheets may be made with a perinanent set in the same manner.
The construction shown in the drawings illustrates a machine with feeding apparatus
for the card-board.
p is a strip or band of cardboard or other material. & are multiple dies fixed to
a pistons which is supported in a sliding piece t, conveniently of cylindrical form,
which carries at its front towards the matrix a cutting ring die with which
corresponds a cutting edge of a plate n arranged on the matrix.
Radial grooves are made in the flat faces of the matrices m as seen in Figure 3
and also if desired in the flat faces of the cutting dies or ring r by which the
card-board or other disc or sheet are scored with radial grooves to prevent the
formation of creases in the side of the pressed box during pressing.
The movement of the sliding piece t and dies s is calculated so that during the
operation of the machine the sliding piece t and cutting ring dies are moved
forwards first to cut the required discs or pieces from the strip p. The sliding piece t
is then arrested and the multiple die s inoves forward, stamps or presses the boxes,
and pushes them into the tubes f. The die 8 and immediately afterwards the
sliding piece t return then to their former positions. The sliding piece t is operated

page_text: by a cam 6 and a recoil spring & and the dies by a crank mechanism h and
connecting link Figures 1 and 2.
The apparatus for the preparation and feeding of the strip of card-board or other
material is shown in Figures 7 to 10, Sheet 2 of the drawings.
The strip, wound on a roller w arranged on the lower part of the frame of the
machine ascends and passes over a roller wl which dips into a vessel o containing a
solution of soap of wax for the impregnation of the strip. The roller w¹ feeds the
solution to the lower side of the strip of card-board or other material. A pivotted
plate 9 adjustable by a screw presses the strip upon the roller w¹ and keeps back
any excess of solution. The strip is then twisted at a right angle and passes over a
vertical roller w². Thence it passes along a plate u¹ which is heated in any suitable
manner, say by a gas pipe having numerous holes. The strip passes then over a
second roller w³ along a second heated plate u² and finally through two feeding
rollers to the press. The strip must be at rest during the cutting out of the
dises or pieces, and is fed forwards afresh when the die s leaves the matrix.
The intermittent feed of the strip may be effected in various ways, in the con-
struction shown it is effected as follows:-
A lever l, Figs. 7 and 10, is pivoted to the upper part of the slide provided for the
guidance of the sliding piece t. To the lever is attached a transverse piece gon
which acts a pin v fixed to the sliding piece t, see Figures 7 and 10 (the latter being
drawn to twice the scale of Figures 7, 8, and 9). The lever engages in a sliding
piece k, Figures 8 and 10, on which pivotted an arm a.
When the sliding piece t moves forwards, the pin v thereof strikes the transverse
piece g, the lever is moved out, and the sliding piece is pushed forwards.
In consequence the arm a strikes a pin i on the feed roller w and gives it a turn
by which the strip is moved forwards to the desired extent. During the further
advance of the sliding piece t, the pin slides along the lower surface of the transverse
piece g which has obtained a horizontal position and the lever remains at rest.
When the sliding piece treturns, the pin vat first slides along the lower surface of
the transverse piece, strikes then against an angle piece gl, Fig. 10, fixed to the
transverse piece g and carries the lever with it. In order that the arm a shall
return into its correct original position, it is pressed by a flat spring against a
pin a¹, as soon as it leaves the pin i on the roller w.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1st. A machine for the manufacture of boxes by stamping in which a matrix m
open at the rear is provided with or continued as a tube f conically recessed at the
joint with the matrix, so that the box, stamped and fed into the tube f is retained in
the latter, to ensure its permanent cylindrical shape, and is then moved further and
finally pushed out of the machine by the pressure of air compressed by the following
box, substantially as described.
2nd. A machine as claimed in Claim 1 in which a die 8 is guided by a sliding
piece t, provided at its front with a cutting die or ring to cut out the card board
or other material for the box provided with face radial grooves to act as a crease
preventer in conjunction with the front face of the matrix m, while the advancing
die presses the card board or other material into the matrix m, substantially as
described.
3rd. In a machine as claimed in Claims 1 and 2 apparatus for the impregnating
drying and feeding of a strip of card board or other material, having a receptacle o
for the impregnating solution, impregnating rollers and squeezers 9 to remove
excess of the impregnating solution, in combination with heated plates u¹ u² over
which the impregnated strip p is fed by feeding rollers ww rotating
intermittently.
4th. A construction of the device for the intermittent rotation of the feeding
rollers consisting of a lever l, having a tranverse piece y a pin v on the slide tacting

page_text: on the transverse piece g, a sliding. piece k, operated by the lever and having hinged
to it an arm a adapted to rotate the feeding roller w by striking a pin i of the latter,
the advance of the sliding piece being limited by the pin v sliding along the lower
surface of the transverse piece g during the latter part of the advance of the
slide t.
Dated this 1st day of December 1200