Improvements in Gas or Oil Engines.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Mar., 1899-Accepted, 13th May, 1899
Improvements in Gas or Oil Engines.
We, KURT BRÄUER, of Leipzig-Gohlis and MAX BAUER, of Leipzig-Eutritzsch,
Germany, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to gas or oil engines of the internal combustion type and
has for its object the construction of a motor which will work in rooms filled with
inflammable vapours without causing ignition of them. To attain this the open
flames for heating the ignitor and the chamber for vapourizing the liquid fuel
must be prevented from coming in contact with the inflammable vapours. The
various parts making up the heating and vapourizing apparatus are enclosed by
a casing, which is provided with air passages for admitting atmospheric air to the
heating chamber, as is necessary for maintaining a heating flame in this chamber.
To prevent the flame from flashing back out of this heating chamber into the
inflammable vapours surrounding the motor, the air passages are covered with
wire gauze, which will permit the passage of atmospheric air into the heating
chamber, but will prevent a contact between the open flame and the inflammable
vapours.
The arranging of the various parts within the casing and lighting the heating
lamp within the same necessitated a novel arrangement and construction of the
parts, as will be herein after fully described, reference being had to the accom-
panying sheet of drawings, which shows the heating and vapourizing apparatus
of an explosion motor according to the present invention in vertical section.
The heating and vapourizing apparatus is, as usually, situated at the rear end of
the working cylinder D of the motor and consists of two separate chambers, the
heating chamber A and the vapourizing chamber B. The heating lamp C consists
of the main body 1, being provided with channels 2, 3 & 4, the latter two communi-
cating through the annular channel 5. A small bore 6 connects the channel 4
with the interior of the nozzle 7, which latter is centrally arranged in the central
bore 8 of the lamp body, the front end of which is provided with an upturned
burner head 9. Within a central bore in the rear part of the lamp body a rod 10
is axially movable, the front end of which is formed into a conical needle 11 which
serves to more or less close the opening of the nozzle 7 and also to remove particles
of soot, occluding the nozzle mouth.
The openings 12 for admitting atmospheric air into the lamp are covered over
with wire gauze 13 and can be closed more or less by the cylindrical sleeve 14
being turned one way or the other. This sleeve has slots provided, ordinarily
communicating these latter more or less, when the sleeve 14 is being rotated. The
amount of air entering may thus be regulated to suit the pressure of the liquid
fuel which is fed into the lamp through the pipe 15, opening into the channel 2.
The liquid fuel passes through the channels 2, 3, 4 & 5 where it is vapourized,
then into the bore 6 and into the nozzle 7 where the efflux is regulated by means
of the needle valve 11. The gas, upon leaving the nozzle mouth is mixed with
atmospheric air, having entered through the apertures 12 and this mixture passes

page_text: through the bore 8 and out of the burner head 9, where upon being mixed again
with atmospheric air, it is ignited. The described process, of course, only takes
place, when the lamp has been started by an auxiliary initial heating process, for
instance an open flame playing around the front end of the lamp which flame will
extinguish after the lamp has developed its own vapourizing and igniting proper-
ties. This auxiliary flame is produced in the present case in the following manner.
A short piece of pipe 16 is partly introduced into the heating chamber, the
upper end of which is slit into several strips 20. The inner surface of these strips
is roughened or serrated. If now a match 17 or some other igniting body is intro-
duced into this pipe 16 and is being pushed up by means of the rod 18 it will
be ignited, by passing through the roughened strips 20. By pushing the rod
still higher, the burning match or the like will drop into some easily inflammable
liquid 21 contained in a recess 22 of the heating chamber and will ignite this
liquid, the flame of which will then impart to the lamp C the initial heating.
The amount of this liquid is such as to heat the lamp C to the desired degree
of being able to set up and maintain vapourization and ignition. After the
liquid 21 has been consumed the flame extinguishes.
The rod 18 is to be secured in its highest position by means of a so called bayonet
or other locking device, so as to prevent the flame from flashing back through the
pipe 16. Atmospheric air may enter the heating chamber A through the pipes
23, 24, whilst a protective cover of wire gauze 25 prevents the flame from flashing
back.
The heating lamp heats the ignitor F, common to this type of engine.
The waste hent passes from the heating chamber upwards into the annular
space formed between the outer mantle G and the wall of the vapourizing
chamber B and out of the apertures 25 protected by wire gauze 26.
Within the vapourizing chamber a wire gauze cone 27 is coaxially arranged,
so that its apex is vertically below the fuel falling upon the apex of the cone is
distributed veil like over the wire gauze cone and is thereby intimately mixed
with atmospheric air, entering through the suction aperture 1, covered with wire
gauze 29. The thin sheet of fuel is now easily vapourized and the carburated gases
pass downward and into the working cylinder. It is obvious that such changes
in the construction and arrangement of parts may be made as will be found
necessary in each case, without getting beyond the scope of our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. In gas or oil engines the arranging of the various parts making up the
vapourizing and heating apparatus within a casing, the air apertures of which
are covered with wire gauze as described.
2. In heating apparatus for gas or oil engines the combination of a heating
chamber, a recess for receiving inflammable liquid in the bottom part of said cham-
ber, air passages leading into the chamber and being covered with wire gauze
a short piece of pipe, extending partly into the heating chamber, having its upper
end slits into flaps with roughened inner surface, a rod, to be inserted into said
piece of pipe and means for securing said rod in its highest position, substantially
as set forth.
3. In heating apparatus for gas or oil engines the combination of a heating
chamber, a heating lamp extending partly into the said heating chamber, air
apertures in said lamp and wire gauze coverings for said apertures as and for the
purpose set forth.
4. In vapourizing apparatus for gas or oil engines the combination of a vapouriz-
ing chamber. the outer mantle concentrically surrounding the said vapourizing
chamber wire gauze covered apertures in the said outer mantle and a passage or
passages connecting the heating chamber with the annular space formed between
the outer mantle and the said vapourizing chamber, as described.
5

page_text: 5. In vapourizing apparatus for gas or oil engines the combination of a cylindri-
cal vapourizing chamber, a wire gauze cone arranged coaxially within said
chamber, a fuel introduction valve, being arranged vertically above the apex of the
said wire gauze cone and air introduction pipe, the front opening of which iz
covered over with wire gauze, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 25th day of March 1899.