Machine for Production of Sanitary Tubes.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Apr., 1899-Accepted, 21st May, 1900
Machine for Production of Sanitary Tubes.
I, GEORG FREDERIK HALDKJAER, of Axelhus 2 D, Copenhagen, Denmark,
Wholesale Dealer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
The output of machines employed at the present time for producing clay pipes
is very limited owing to the difficulties connected with the operation of filling
the pressing chambers with clay. It is partly owing to this fact that one machine
can only press one pipe at a time, moreover, in cutting off each pipe a length
of about four inches is wasted, seeing that the cutting is effected below the mould,
this, of course means a considerable loss of time.
The object of my improved machine is to obviate these defects, and for this
purpose a hydraulic device for feeding the chambers is provided, which enables
the machine to receive sufficient material, to permit of three to four pipes being
simultaneously pressed. Furthermore the filling may be effected with a sufficient
quantity of clay to enable about 26 feet more piping to be produced with each
charge than with machines of the ordinary kind. Finally the cutting off is so
effected so that no clay need be wasted or re-pressed.
The invention is represented in the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, in
which similar numerals and letters of reference are used to indicate similar parts
in all the figures.
Figure 1 is a front elevation partly in section.
Figure 2 a side elevation, likewise partly in section.
Figure 3 an inverted plan of the mouth piece.
Figure 4 a section on lines a-a, b—b, and c—c of Figure 1.
Figure 5 shows a detail part of the mouthpiece.
Figure is a detailed drawing showing the devices indicated by 33, 34, 35, 36
and 37, the system of levers for opening and closing the jaws 27, and the lever
device for operating the cock 14.
Figure 7 is a detailed drawing showing in dotted lines the small cylinder 43
and the operating devices connected with it.
Figure 8 is a detailed view of part of Figure 4.
Figure 9 is an enlarged detail view of a cock 13.
The machine has certain parts in common with machines used at the present
time, inasmuch as the clay is pressed through the mouth piece by means of a
pressure ram, provided with three plungers or pistons, two of which are adapted
to move in pressure cylinders and the third in a lifting cylinder in which water
pressure acts upon the bottom of the third or lifting plunger so that the latter is
lifted. The pressure water is conveyed through a system of pipes with valves,
which in my invention are moved automatically, thereby simplifying the atten-
dance.
1 is a casing common to both pressure and lifting cylinders. 2 is a pressure
ram adapted to move in a filling or feed chamber 50. The latter is fitted at both
sides with slides 3 and 4. Opposite each of these slides two feed pressure cylin-
13

page_text: ders 5, 5 are arranged by means of which feed rams 6, 6 are moved. The
feed material or clay is placed between these feed rams 6, 6, and the slides 3, 4, in
feeding chambers 51, 51, and the feeding takes place automatically, the slides being
lifted at the proper moment. The feeding rams 6, 6, then press the clay, in
front of them, into the feed chamber 50, when the clay by the action of its own
weight drops into the pressing chamber 7. When pressure ram 2 subsequently
descends it presses out the clay from the pressing chamber 7, through four
annular outlet openings 52, 52, 52, 52, against the moulding cores 9 which
are placed below the said outlet openings and which are mounted upon a common
supporting table 8.
A lifting plunger. 53 extends through the top of the casing 1, and above the
extended part 54 of the lifting plunger two counterbalanced levers 10 are
arranged, which are connected to the slides 3, 4, above referred to, by means of
chains 11, 11. When the lifting plunger arrives at its upper position its extended
part 54 will act upon the two levers 10, and through them on the chains 11
to lift the slides 3, 4. To feed water pipes 12, 12 connected with the feed pres-
sure cylinders 5, 5, cocks 13, 13, with handles 55 jointed at 56, are provided.
During the up-movement of the slides 3 and 4 lugs 57 on the
slides act upon
the handles of the cocks 13, 13, to open them
momentarily. As soon as the lugs have passed the handles, small
springs 58, 58, force the handles back, closing the cocks again. During the
subsequent down movement of the slides the lugs, owing to the jointing or articu-
lation above referred to, will freely pass along the handles without operating
the cocks 13, 13.
During the simultaneous momentary opening of the cocks 13, 13, clay is
forced from the feeding chambers 51, 51, into the feed chamber 50 and the pres-
sure ram 2 commences its down stroke. This movement of the pressure ram
is effected by an attendant opening the valve 14, which allows the pressure water
to travel to the feed pressure cylinders 5, 5.
When the pressure ram 2 has arrived at the upper edge of the pressing
chamber 7, a tappet or knob 15, provided on the rod 16, comes in contact with
a pivotted arm 17. This arm lifts a transverse arm 18, which through the inter-
mediary of levers, acts on three sets of valves 21. 22, 23, 24, 25 and 26, so that
the valves 21 and 22 are opened to allow the passage of pressure water to those
ends of the feed pressure cylinders which are nearest each other whilst the
valves 23 and 24, which conduct the return water from the other ends of the
cylinders, are closed. The exhaust water is conducted out through the pipe 59
as will be seen in Figure 4. The feeding rams 6, G, return to their initial posi-
tion, and the slides 3 and 4, which during the first half of the down movement
of the pressure ram 2 and plungers 19 and 20 were resting upon the feeding
rams 6, 6, now by the action of their own weight, drop into their closed position.
When the pressure ram 2 has arrived at the upper edge of the pressure cylinder,
the cock or valve 14 is automatically closed, by means of a suitable lever device,
not however represented in the drawings as it forms no part of my invention.
Thus the pressure ram 2 is brought to a standstill, until an attendant, again
turns the handle 60 of the cock or valve 14, whereby the pressure ram 2 forces
the clay through the annular openings 52, 52, 52, 52.
The moulds 27 are adapted to move in guides through the intermediary of a
system of levers. Each mould 27 consists of two halves adapted to be brought
toward each other by means of the system of levers. In the pressure chamber 7,
spreading bell shaped mould cores 28 are provided, secured in position by means
of bolts 29, these cores serve to form the hollow space or sockets of the pipes.
Upon the supporting table 8 a moulding core 9 is arranged opposite each mouth
piece, see Figures 2, 5 and 6.
The supporting table 8 rests upon a vertical rod or leg 30 and is provided with
counterweighted chains passing over pulleys fitted to the guide 31. A brake
32 is also provided to regulate the movement of the table 8.

page_text: When the table occupies its upper position, it has by the co-operation of a
system of levers, brought the mould-parts 27 together and simultaneously locked
them in this position. This is done in the following manner :-
When the roller 33 during the upward motion passes the nose 36, on the
lever 35 a counterweight (not shown in the drawing) which is placed in the U
shaped iron 37 forces the mould portions 27 together. By means of a suitable
lock 39 which however does not form any part of the invention, the mould
portions are kept in the shut position. After the four pipes are formed simul-
taneously and have received the proper length, the movement of the pressure
ram 2 is automatically stopped in the following manner.
On the bottom of the table 8 (Figures 2 and 6) a recessed rod 40 is provided,
wherein a stop screw device is mounted. By means of this screw, the rod can be
adjusted to various heights, according to the length required for the pipes.
As the table is pressed down, the said rod strikes against one end of a two
armed lever 41, the other end of which acts upon the handle of the cock 14,
whereby the cock is closed and the movement of the pressure ram-2 is stopped.
When the pressure ram has arrived at the bottom of the pressure cylinder the
feed port for pressure water to the lifting cylinder is opened, and simultaneously
the valve for the exhaust water from the pressure cylinders 19 and 20 is opened.
This is effected by means of a small cylinder 42 (see Figures 2 and 7), provided
with a plunger piston 43. A lever furnished with a knob or tappet acts upon
the plunger 43, whereby pressure water is admitted to the lifting cylinder and
exhaust water discharged from the pressure cylinder.
On the bottom part 44 guides are mounted adapted to guide a frame 45
(Figures 3 and 5), on which a cutting wire of iron or other suitable material is
stretched. After four pipes have been produced, and the movement of the pres-
sure ram has been completed, the frame 45 is drawn forward by hand and the
iron wire cuts off the pipes between the mould portions 27 and the bottom part 44
(Figure 5).
:
The machine operates in the following manner:
Kneaded clay is placed in the two feeding chambers 51, 51, between the
feeding rams 6, 6, of the feed press and the slides 3 and 4. When the pressure
ram 2 occupies its upper position, the cocks 13, 13, of the pressure pipes for the
feed presses are opened by the lugs on the slides 3 and 4 striking against the
handles of the cocks 13, 13. The clay has now arrived at the filling chamber
and thence drops down into the pressure chamber, where the pressure ram 2 forces
the clay through the annular outlets, and the space between the mouth pieces 37
and the core portions 9 of the supporting table are filled up with clay and the
socket or enlarged shaped portions of the pipes are moulded (Figure 5). The
attendant then stops the movement of the pressure ram by closing the cock 14,
and turns the arm 35, whereby the 8 mould portions are caused to move away
from each other in pairs.
Subsequently the cock 14 is again opened and the clay is pressed out by the
pressure ram 2 in the shape of 4 pipes each carrying with and before it an
enlarged or socket end. The pipes thus formed rest with their sockets against
the core pieces 9, 9, 9, 9, of the supporting table S. The table is depressed by
the clay pipes, and the rod 40 ultimately closes the cock 14, when the pipes
have attained the proper length. Now the frame 45 is moved forward, and the
iron wire cuts off the pipes, the supporting table is retained in its lower position
by means of the brake 32, where-upon an attendant removes the four ready
pressed pipes. When the brake is subsequently released, the counter weights
force the table back to its upper position and simultaneously the arm 35 is
turned whereby the mould portions are again brought together and locked.
Then again for obtaining pressure, the pressure cylinder is opened until the
sockets are formed in the moulds by the pressure as before. The pressure is then
interrupted during the time the mould portions are separated, and pressure is
again continued to form the pipes. After the pressure ram has reached the

page_text: bottom of the pressure chamber the lifting cylinder is actuated so as to lift the
pressure ram 2. Fresh clay is introduced into the filling chambers and the whole
process is repeated. If the dimensions and shapes of the pipes are to be altered,
another bottom part 44 is inserted corresponding to the dimensions and shapes
required.
It is evident that pipes of various cross-sections such as round, oval, quadran-
gular, hexagonal or any desired section may be produced by simply exchanging
the bottom part.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. In a hydraulic sanitary tube press, in which the pressure ram has three
plungers, two of which are connected with pressure cylinders and the third
with a lifting cylinder, the arrangement according to which the feed chamber
is located below the pressure ram, and the pressure chamber, with bottom
fitted with annular outlets, is located below the feed chamber substantially
as set forth.
2. In a press of the type referred to, the arrangement according to which
the feeding is effected by two hydraulically actuated feed rams which automatically
feed the clay into the feed chamber after the slides have been lifted whilst the feed
rams remain in position until the pressure ram has passed the feed chamber
whereupon the rams are automatically returned and the slides dropped, substan-
tially as set forth.
3. In a press of the type referred to, the arrangement and combination of a
bottom with annular openings, cores and moulds substantially as set forth.
4. In a machine of the type referred to, the arrangement of counterbalanced
table the top of which carries the cores for shaping the sockets of the pipes,
and an adjustable rod to actuate the stop cock or valve for the pressure cylinders
so as to automatically stop the pressure movement when the pipes are of the
desired length, substantially as set forth.
+1 1000