Improvements in the Fittings of Bedstead and Cot Rails and Pillars.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 6th Aug., 1889-Accepted, 26th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Fittings of Bedstead and Cot Rails and
Pillars.
THOMAS WHITTINGHAM 36, Oliver Road Monument Road Birmingham Accountant
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the manner of fitting loose Rods or Tubes between the upper
and lower cross bars, the standard bars, or of any intervening paralell bars, of chilled
iron Rails.
The methods now in use for accomplishing such purposes are, either by inserting
the loose Rods into a round hole cored out of the Tee chills of Rail, or by slipping
them over or against a projection from such chill, thereby entailing more or less of
cost & difficulty in fitting the said rods & chills together.
Instead therefore of coring a round hole out of the chill to receive the loose rod, or
of making any projection upon the said chill, both of which methods are costly, I so
shape the said chill as to make an indentation or gutter into one side of the same,
sufficiently deep to lay the loose rod into. A rosette or cap of any material is then
placed over both the said chill, and the portion of rod so embedded, which after being
secured there by means of the usual small screw and knob, or otherwise, effectually
holds the said loose rod into position required.
When extra rigidity is required I may drill the loose rod at one or both ends making
it of sufficient length to lay over the before named screw, or an extra screw if
necessary, before placing the rosette or cap above it prior to screwing down the ball
knob-In such cases as when the thickness of the chill may cause the rosette-or
cap to stand too far away from the loose rod to sufficiently bind it, I make the said
rosette or cap of such shape or formation as to reach down to the said loose rod, or I
may fit a loose piece of any suitable material into the intervening space, so as to obtain
the necessary grip when screwed down.
When the laying-in screw required to screw the rosette or cap must of necessity bo
placed in such a position that there is not sufficient metal to hold it, the end of loose
rod may be shaped so as to allow for the extra strength of inetal required to hold the
said screw firnly; thus while the loose rod itself remains on a level with the cross
bar, the end part would be partially cut away or be so shaped as to be raised sufficiently
to meet the difficulty caused by the increased thickness of metal before named.
In cases where the screw passing through the end of loose rod is sufficient to keep
it in position, the indentation or gutter may take the form of a slice cut off the upper
part of the chill, the lower part being of the required thickness to hold the screw, and
to form a resting place for the loose rod.
By using a cap or rosette with deep sides I may make the indentation or gutter in
the side of the chill immediately below the cross bar the loose rod being placed into
position sideways, instead of on the front, and the deep edge of cap would cover the
part of gutter not occupied by the rod and effectually lock the rod itself by preventing
its return.
When convenient I may make use of my invention for one of the rows of chills
only or of any one chill; affixing the other end of rod into a hole in the opposite chill
or by any other ordinary method, and in the case of cross chills-that is chills requiring
loose rods starting each way from the cross bar-my methods may be required on one
or both sides of such chill.
If desirable I may use Spindles instead of Rods or Tubes, when the parallel
bars are sufficiently close together, in which case I should secure them in like manner
1 before described

page_text: I wish it to be understood that although I have only described, rail chills and loose
rods may equally apply my invention to the cross bars carrying the whole rail at
its junctions with the pillars, for purposes of brass mounting corners, or feet, or
otherwise.
Dated November the Sixth 1888
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Fittings of Bedstead and Cot Rails and
Pillars.
I, THOMAS WHITTINGHAM of 36 Oliver Road Monument Road Birmingham
Accountant do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to the attachment, and affixing, of brass and other loose rails,
bars, and other parts of metallic bedsteads and cots to the chills, or junction castings,
commonly employed, in such articles.
The invention consists essentially in employing laid-in screws or screw pegs
directed outwardly from the fronts of open chills or junctions and then threading upon
the said screws the pierced ends of loose tubes, rods, or their equivalents, which are
subsequently affixed to the chills, cast around the rails or parts, by screwed-on
terminal ornaments, rosettes, mounts, or the like.
The open fronts of the chills, which have channels sunken within them, wherein the
ends of the rails seat themselves, may be covered up, or enclosed by supplementary
filling-in pieces, having upon their fronts sheet metal casings.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, represents in front elevation, a metallic
bedstead-end, provided with intermediate loose tubes or rods, fitted and secured
grating-like in position, between opposite junction chills, cast around the upper and
lower rails of the said frame, and according to my invention.
Figure 2 represents a vertical section and upon an enlarged scale, the upper end of
a loose tube or rod, affixed, or secured to a chill, according to one form of my
invention.
Figure 3 represents a front elevation of the chill, and upper rail of an end,
separately.
Figure 4 represents a section of the chill separately, through the dotted lines A B,
figure 3.
Figure 5 represents section and elevation of a tube or rod separately, showing the
all-through hole or piercing at its upper end; and which all-through holo, is adapted
to pass over a screw or peg affixed within a chill or casting.
Figure 6 represents a like section as figure 2, but with the chill of a different
conformation.
Figure 7 represents a front elevation of figure 6.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the soveral figures
of the drawings.
a is an upper rail, and b is a lower rail of a metallic bedstead end. c aro jointed
chills, disposed at intermediate distances apart, and cast around the said rails. These
chills are open-fronted, and their middle parts provided with sunken channels, or
grooves e, wherein the ends d², of rails d, seat. themselves.
These channels or grooves, have screws e, directed outwardly from their middles
and at right angles to the faces of the chills, and which standing-out screws tho
piercings or all-through holes d³, of the tubes or rods, are threaded.
upon
fare mounts, covering-up the terminal ends of the tubes or rods, and g are knobs
or terminal ornaments, taking upon the screwed end of the serows e. These screws
are secured within the chills during the process of casting, and technically known as
laid in.

page_text: Putting together of the parts
Take an end or an end frame, with opposite chills c, cast around the upper and
lower rails, and with screws or wormed pegs, standing-out from the open faces of the
chills, and from the bottoms of the channels, sunken within them. Then thread the
pierced ends of the tubes or rods (which are of brass or encased with brass, or other
metal) upon the shanks of the screws, and screw on the knobs upon their ends, with
the sheet metal covering mount interposed between the tubes and the knobs, and on
the said knobs being screwed home, the rails are firmly affixed to the chills.
The laid-in screws may be tapped if necessary into the chilled metal instead of
being cast therein.
In figures 6 and 7, the knob comes directly in contact with the end of the tube,
and with the mount, interposed between the tube and knob.
Figure 8 represents in front elevation, another form of my invention. Figure 9
represents a vertical section of the same Figire 10, the chill separately, and figure 11
a modification of the chill.
a is a rail, e is an open fronted chill, with a channel or groove c³, and proceeding
from the bottom of it, is a standing-out screw e, upon which, the end ², (with
all-through piercings d³) of the brass tube or rod d, takes, and is affixed in
position, and its end covered or concealed by a knob 9, and mount cover or
rosette f.
In figure 11, the faceted part of the chill, has at its lower end, snugs c³, and between
them, comes the end of the tube or rail.
Figure 12 represents a further modification of my invention. In this form, the
ends of the brass tubes or rods, take within sockets, of supplementary chilled parts,
which are affixed to the primary chills, by taking upon projecting screws, proceeding
from them, and secured by knobs, taking upon the wormed ends of the screws.
Figure 13 represents a transverse vertical section of figure 12.
a is a top rail, with chill c, cast around it, d is a brass tube or rod, with end d²,
fitted or forced within the taper hollow neck 2 of a supplementary chill or
malleable casting h, with hole 3, through its middle.
e is a screw peg, cast within the said chill e, and taking through the hole of
the supplementary facing chill h, whilst g is a knob, screwing upon the end of
the screw peg, and with a sheet metal covering cap, enveloping the said front
casting and part of chill.
Figure 14 represents a further modification, in which the tube or rod constituting
the intermediate rails of a bedstead end, take upon a stalk, directed from the
underside of a supplementary chill, which fits within a like shaped rocess, sunken
within the face of the primary chill.
The said figure 14 is a vertical section, whilst figure 15 is a front view of the same,
with the thin sheet metal covering cap removed.
Figure 16 shows the primary chill, with part of rail separately, and figure 17 the
supplementary chill with stalk, (slightly taper) upon which the end of the tube
takes.
a is the rail of the frame, c is a primary chill, with a recess c² sunken within its
face, and screw e directed at right angles from its middle-h is a supplementary
chill or casting, h² the stalk, and 3 an all-through hole, wherethrough the screw e,
passes, on the part h being fitted into the recess e²; and upon the stalk ¾², the end d²
of the brass tube or rod d, takes, as represented in figure 15.
In figure 18, the end of the tube or rod, being pressed by a hole from front to
back, it is gapped upon the side.
In figure 19, the end of the tube is gapped, and surrounding the inner parts of
the said gaps, in both figures 18 and 19, the metal is slightly sunken to prevent
displacement, on the knob or other affixing means being screwed home.
à is the rail of a bedstead end, c is a chill, cast upon it. d is a tube, with gap d
at its upper end, and with a sunken part d', surrounding its inner part-e is the
screw, upon which an affixing knob (not shown) takes.

page_text: It will be observed that the chills have flat fronts, without any groove or recess
made within them, for the ends of the tubes or rods to lio within. These holes are
covered by a supplementary covering cap (see figure 19A,) of an inside con-
formation of the flat of the chill, and the round of the end of the tube; so that
on the said supplementary part being pierced upon the front of the primary chill,
the connections of the ends of the tubes with the chill are concealed.
One end only of a tube or rod may be secured by the scrow, as aforesaid, (see
figure 20,) whilst the other end fits within a slightly coned socket, formed within
the inner presented side of a chill, casting, or junction piece; so that one end of
each rail of a bedstead end, is dropped into a socket, and the other threaded over
a screw-pin.
a is an upper rail of a bedstead end, is a lower rail, c, claro chills, cust
around the rails a and b. The chills of the upper rail a, have flat faces, with
outstanding screws e, proceeding from their middles, upon which the pierced ends d²,
of tubes or rods d, take. The lower chills c', have coned sockets c², made within
them, and wherein the other ends 2, of the rail d, take, and are firmly driven in, by
pressure applied to them, prior to the pierced end being passed over and upon the
screw e.
The chills, or the terminals of the tubes or rods with the chills, may be provided
with caps, rosettes, mounts, or other ornaments.
Figure 21 and 22 represent other forms of my invention. Figure 21 is a front
elevation, and figure 22 is a vertical section
a is a rail, c is a chill, d is a tube or rod, affixed to the chill, by a loose screw e,
with a knob, at its outer end. This said screw passes through a supplementary
covering capf, the end of the tube or rod d, and then screws itself into
the chill.
Figure 23 represents a further modification of my invention, consisting of means
for affixing both the loose tubes or rods, and the rails and tubes or rods together, of a
bedstead end frame.
The chills, castings, or parts constituting the junctions of the rails, with the rods or
tubes, are loose, and connected together by a screw, knob, or mount, as hereinafter
described.
By connecting or uniting together the parts, by means of loose and detachablo
castings, and parts, both polished rails and rods may be employed, instead of employing
polished tubes or rods only when chills are cast around the rails.
Figure 24 represents a vertical section of one end of a tube or rod, and its connection,
upon an enlarged scale.
Figure 25 represents the loose chill and parts separately.
a is a top rail, and is a bottom rail. c are loose chills or castings, with screws e,
cast within them, and upon which, the rails a and b, are threaded. These rails are
pierced with holes a², 62, for the threading through of the said screws e.
i are pegs, cast within the chills or castings c, and which are adapted to pass
through holes of the upper ends ², of the tubes or rods d.
fare covering caps, rosettes, or the like, and through them, the protruding screwed
ends e², of screws e, pass; and upon which screwed ends, the knobs g, take and affix
the whole of the parts together.
It will be seen that the chills are seated at c², for the rails a and b to lie within, and
grooved at c³, for the ends of the tubes or rods to seat themselves within.
The screw may pass through the end of the rod, and the peg through the rail,
instead of the screw through the rail, and the peg through the rod.
Figure 26 represents a modification of this form of my invention. Figure 27 is a
vertical section of the same, and figure 28 represents the parts separately.
c is a chill, with seat or channel c³, wherein a polished tube or other rod lies.
3 is a socket, wherein the end 2 of a tube or rod d, takes. e is an outstanding
scrow, which is affixed in position by casting the metal of the chill around its
shank.

page_text: Putting together of the parts:
Insert the end of the tube or rod d, into the coned or other socket c³, of the chill c.
Then place the said chill over the back of the rod a, and with the screw e, passing
through the holes a², of the said rod; this done, cover the front by a threaded-on cap
or rosette f, which conceals or covers up the front of the chill, and on the knob g,
being secured upon the screwed end of a screw peg e the whole of the parts are firmly
and securely bound together.
Figure 29 represents in vertical section, another form of my loose chill junction
part connection. In this arrangement, the affixing screw is loose, and passes through
a hole in the chill, which may come in front of, or behind the back of the rail.
Figure 30 represents a front elevation of figure 29 and figure 31 shows the
parts separately.
a is a polished or other rail, c is a loose chill d is a loose tube, or rod.
The chillc has a semi-circular recess or groove e formed within it, wherein the
rail seats itself.
a,
This rail is pierced with all through and coincident holes a³, likewise the chill c,
with a hole c, and through which holes a², c³, a loose screw e, passes, and with a
securing knob g, taking upon its protruding and screwed end.
The loose rail d, takes within a socket c of the said chill, or casting or it' may tako
upon a peg or screw, carried by the chill or casting, alike unto that previously
described.
In putting together the parts, secure the chills or castings to the tops of the tubes
or rods, then place the chills or castings upon the rails, with the holes in both
chills and rails coincident. This done, thread the screw e, through the holes in
rails and chills, then affix them in position by the screwing up of the parts, by the
knob, mount, or covering, taking upon the end of the scrow.
Figure 32 shows a modification of this last form of my invention, figures 29, 30
and 31.
a is a rail, pierced at a² and a³, c is a segment chill or casting consisting of a back
and front part, with holes c2 c³ made through it, d is a tube or rod with its end d
pierced with a hole and when the said end is placed within the interior of the rail,
through the hole a², and on the holes a² c c d³, becoming coincident, the loose screw e,
is passed through them, and secured by a knob or its equivalent, g taking upon its
screwed end.
The screw, instead of being loose as represented in this last named figure, may be
a fixture, with one part or segment of the chill, as represented in some of the
preceding figures.
Instead of the screw e, taking through holes in the rail and rod when the latter is
within the former, the said screw may take through them when they lie one upon or
across each other.
Supplementary covering or filling up parts may be introduced or employed in the
various modifications as described.
My invention is applicable to the connections of the rails and rods of all forms of
end frames or rail constructions, whether the said rails and rods be directed
horizontally or obliquely circular semi-circular, or other forms.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
First Connecting, or attaching and securing the loose tubes or rods of metallic
bedstead ends, to their junction-pieces or chills, of the rails of the said bedstead ends
or frames, by outstanding screws or pegs, directed transversely through the ends
or other parts of the tubes or rods to be affixed, substantially as described and
set forth.
Secondly-Securing loose tubes or rods, to the chills or junction pieces of bedstead
frames or ends, by a screw knob, rosette, chill, or the liko, taking upon the end of a

page_text: screw pin, passing transversely through the metal of the said tubes or rods substantially
as set forth in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 18 and 19.
Thirdly The combination with an open-fronted chill, of an outstanding screw
pin e and groove or depression, c² substantially as and for the purpose as set forth in
figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10.
Fourthly: Connecting loose tubes or rods to the chills, or junction pieces, cast
around the rails, or other parts of bedstead ends, or frames, by means, of a loose or
supplementary chill, casting, or part, h taking upon a standing-out screw e and upon
an end of the said loose tubo or rod, and which supplementary part is secured in
position, by a screw knob, rosette, or the like, or by expanding the end of the
said screw pin, substantially as described and set fourth in figures 13 to 17 both
inclusive.
Fifthly Securing loose rails to the chill junction pieces of the framings, by one
end taking into a socketed chill of the one part, and the other end taking upon a
screw pin or peg of the other part, substantially as set forth in figure 20.
Sixthly Securing loose rails to the chill or other junctions of metallic bedstead
framings, by a loose screw e, directed transversely through the ends or parts of the
rods, substantially as described and set forth in figures 21 and 22 of the drawings..
Seventhly-Connecting or uniting together the loose tubes or rods, and the rails
or other frame parts of bedstead frames or ends, by a loose junction piece c, sub-
stantially as set forth in figures 23 to 32.
Eighthly Connecting or securing the loose tubes or rods to the rails or other
parts of bedstead framings or ends, by a loose chill, casting, or junction-piece c fitted
with a screw pin, and plain peg e e, i, which pass through transversely directed holes
in the parts, respectively, substantially as described and set forth.
Ninthly The Combination of parts of the junctions of the rails with the framings
of bedstead ends, as set forth in figures 23 to 28.
Tenthly Connecting the loose tubes or rods to the rails or other framing parts of
bedsteads, by a junction-piece c, with fixed or loosed screw e, grooves and socket e³
substantially as set forth in figures 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 and 31.
Eleventhly-Securing the loose tubes or rods to the rails or framings of bedstead
ends or frames, by means of a segmental junction-piece c, c¹ loosed or fixed screw e,
substantially as described and set forth in figure 32.
Lastly Connecting loose rods or tubes to the rails or framings of bedstead frames,
by means substantially as described and set forth in figure 32.
Dated the 1st day of August 1889.
THOMAS WHITTINGHAM.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.