Improvements in and relating to Hats, Helmets, and Caps.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Aug., 1893-Accepted, 16th Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Hats, Helmets, and Caps.
I JAMES METHVEN, of 49 Grange Street, Grangemouth, Stirlingshire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as follows :—
This invention has reference to and comprises certain improvements in hats,
helmets, and caps for the ventilation of these, and the regulation of the ventilation
with the outer air, for the purpose of keeping the wearer's head at a more regular
temperature, and more suitable for the different seasons of the year, or various
climates, than has been the case heretofore with ventilating hats.
The nature and novelty of the improvements consist in perforating the body of
the hat, down near to the rim outside of the head band with small holes which
would preferably be hid by the porous ornamental band outside which would allow
the air to enter in behind the head band and pass up into the upper part of the hat
and so cool it, and the head band and head. A further improvement consists in
perforating the head band with small ventilating holes near the rim and opposite
where the perforations are through the outer body of the hat, so that the air
entering by these latter would also pass through the inner band and cool the head.
But in cases where the lower edge of the head band was not, as is usual, sewed to
the hat and a narrow ventilating space is left between it and the outer body of the
hat, the perforations need not be formed through the said outer body, as the air
passing up this narrow ventilating space would pass in through the holes in the
head band as well as ventilate the upper part of the hat.
Another improvement consists in making the head band corrugated circum-
ferentially and so leaving vertical ventilating grooves between this corrugated
head band and the body of the hat and also between the head and the head band,
and where the corrugations might press too severely, as on the forehead, a plain
partial segmental soft band might be secured to the inside of the corrugations.
This corrugated head band would be secured to the body of the hat at intervals by
sewing or otherwise; in this corrugated arrangement of head band, the ventilating
holes would be required neither through the head band or the outer body of
the hat.
A further improvement consists in forming the usual ventilating aperture in the
upper part of the hat of a series of two, three, or more small round or other shaped
holes at regular intervals apart, and in fitting close over these holes, in the inside
of the hat, a swivelling or sliding plate with corresponding openings in it, for the
purpose of, by turning or sliding this plate, regulating the amount of the outer air
to be passed up through the said ventilating apertures at the head band and
through the interior of the hat, so as to regulate the temperature of this and
the head.
Dated the 3rd dor of November 1800
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Hats, Helmets, and Caps.
I, JAMES METHVEN, of 49 Grange Street, Grangemouth, Stirlingshire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement in writing, that is to say :-
This invention has reference to and comprises certain improvements in hats,

page_text: helmets, and caps, for the ventilation of these, and the regulation of the ventilation
with the outer air, for the purpose of keeping the wearers head at a more regular
temperature, and more suitable for the different seasons of the year, or various
climates, than has been the case heretofore with ventilating hats.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings in which the same reference letters
are used to indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the lower rim part of a hat showing one
arrangement of my improved mode of ventilating same applied thereto.
Figures 2 and 3 are a sectional elevation and plan view respectively of a hat
showing modified arrangements of my improvements.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation, and Figures 5 and 6 a sectional elevation and
half horizontal section of the lower part of a hat, showing further modified
arrangements of my improvements. While
Figures 7 and 8 show detached detail views of modified arrangements from that
shown in Figures 2, 3, and 6 of the air ventilating appliance which is fitted to the
crown of the hat.
Referring to the arrangement shown in Figure 1 of these drawings the improve-
ments consist in perforating the body A of the hat, down near to the rim A',
outside of the head band B with small holes a which would preferably be hid by a
porous or meshed ornamental band c outside so as to allow the air to enter in behind
the head band B and pass up into the upper part of the hat and so cool it and the
head band and head. In the arrangement shown in Figure 2, the head band B is
perforated with small ventilating holes b near the rim A' and opposite where the
perforations a are through the outer body A of the hat, so that the air entering by
these latter holes a would also pass through the perforations in the inner band B,
and cool the head, as indicated by the arrows. But, as shown in Figure 4, in
cases where the lower edge of the head band B was not, as is usual, sewed to the
hat but preferably attached to it at its upper edge B', and a narrow ventilating
space is left between the band B and the outer body A. of the hat, the
perforations a need not be formed through the said outer body A as the air passing
up this narrow ventilating space 6' would pass in through the holes in the
head band B, as indicated by the arrows, as well as ventilate the upper part of
the hat.
In the arrangement shown in Figures 5 and 6 the head band B is corrugated
circumferentially so as to leave vertical ventilating grooves 6 between this
corrugated head band B, and the body A of the hat and also between the head
and the head band B, as indicated by the dotted line, and where the corrugations
might press too severely as on the forehead a plain partial segmental soft
band C might be secured to the inside of the corrugations, as shown in Figure 6,
or the corrugations may be dispensed with at this forehead part. This corrugated
head band B, Figures 5 and 6 would be secured to the body of the hat at
intervals by sewing or otherwise. In this corrugated arrangement of head band B,
the ventilating holes a, b, would not be required either through the head band B or
the outer body A of the hat.
A further improvement, as shown in Figures 2, 3, 6, 7 and 8, and applicable to
all these arrangements of hats, consists in forming the usual ventilating aperture in
the top or crown part A of the hat of a series of two, three or more small round,
elliptical or other shaped holes a' at regular intervals apart, and in fitting close
over these holes a² in the inside of the hat a swivelling disc d with corresponding
openings in it; so that by turning this disc d on the inside of the hat, by the
fingers of the wearer, the amount of the outer air to be passed up through the said
apertures at the head band B and through the interior of the hat and out through
the said holes d', d, in the top A' of the hat would regulate the ventilation and
temperature of the inside of the hat and consequently of the wearers head. The
disc d may be formed of felt, metal or other material, and be secured to turn or

page_text: swivel on an eyelet or rivet d' at its centre as shown in Figures 2 and 3. Or instead
of a turning disc, a sliding plate d may be used, as shown in detached views
Figure 8 and this plate would be made to slide in side channel guides d³ and be
formed with perforated grid openings d¹ to close or open corrresponding openings
formed in the crown A2 of the hat.
These improvements may be applied in an analogous manner to helmets
and caps.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
First. The improved arrangements of ventilating hats, helmets and caps, by
perforating the body and head bands, and using porous or meshed outer bands
near the rim, substantially as herein described in reference to and by way of
application shown in the accompanying drawings.
Second. The improved methods of ventilating hats and the like, by admitting
the air between the head band and the body, through perforations in the latter as
in Figure 1, or vice versa through perforations in the head band as in Figure 4, or
through channels in a corrugated head band as in Figures 5 and 6, substantially as
described.
Third. The fitting and use of a turning, sliding or movable disc or plate, formed
with perforations or openings to overlap and cover or uncover corresponding
perforations formed in the crowns of hats and the like, so as to regulate the air
currents and ventilate same, substantially as herein described in reference to and
shown in the accompanying drawings.
Fourth. The combination of the movable disc or plate described in Claim 3,
with the methods, shown in the accompanying drawings, of admitting air at the rim
part of hats.
Dated the 2nd August. 1893
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.