IMPROVEMENTS IN COATS AND OUTER GARMENTS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Powell, of Berwick Street, Golden
Square, in the County of Middlesex, Tailor and Clothier, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COATS AND OUTER GARMENTS"
Sealed the 21st June 1853, and dated the 21st December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Powell at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 21st December 1852.
I, ROBERT POWELL, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COATS AND OUTER GARMENTS" to be
as follows:-
I construct conts and outer garments by uniting several pieces
of cloth of the forms shewn in the annexed Drawings.
Figures 1, 2, and 3, represent the parts of a coat suitable for
soldiers, there being two pieces of cloth of the form of each Figure.
Figure 1, is one half of the back of the coat; Figure 2, is one half of
the front of the coat; and Figure 3, is one of the sleeves. The lines
a, b, in Figure 3, are brought together and sewn together, forming

page_text: the lower part of the sleeve. The lines c, d, are also shewn
together, and the lines e, f, are shewn together, thus forming the
shoulder of the sleeve. The line d, f, g, is sewn to the line simi-
larly marked in Figure 2, and the pointed piece h, b, g, in Figure 2,
is bent down and sewn to the similarly marked parts in Figure 3, thus
giving greater fulness to the upper part of the sleevc. The half
back, Figure 1, is sewn to the Figure 2, along the lines h, k, and d, i,
and to the sleeve Fig. 3, along the line d, h; and it is sewn to the
other half of the back along the line l, m. A collar is put on the
coat in the usual manner. Figure 4, is the half of a cape, which
may be attached to the coat; the other half of the cape is of similar
form, and the two are sewn together on the line n, o. A small
piece is cut out of Figure 4, at n, q, r, and a cut is made from q, to
p. Figure 5, is a small piece of cloth, which is sewn into Figure 4,
along the lines s, p, q. The neck of the cape r, q, s, n, is sewn to
the neck of the coat at t, i, in Figure 2, and at i, m, in Figure 1; t, u,
is the open front of the coat, and ", v, is the open front of the cape.
The dotted lines h, K, and m, L, in Figure 1, and the dotted lines
h, K, and t, U, in Figure 2, shew the forms for making a circular cloak.
The lines h, K, in the two Figures are sewn together, and the two
halves of the back are sewn together along the line m, L. The other
parts are the same as before, and the cape may be attached, or the
cloak made, without a cape at pleasure.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said Robert Powell in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 21st June 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
ROBERT POWELL, late of Berwick Street Golden Square, in the
County of Middlesex, but now of Old Bond Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Tailor and Clothier, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of December, in

page_text: the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two,
in the sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Robert Powell, Her
special licence that I, the said Robert Powell, my executors, adini-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert Powell,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COATS AND OTHER GARMENTS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Powell, by
an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should parti-
cularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letterṛ
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Powell, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being
had to the accompanying Drawing and to the figures and letters
marked thereon (that is to say):
I construct coats and other garments by uniting several pieces of
cloth of the forms shewn in the annexed Drawings. Figures 1, 2,
and 3, represent the parts of a coat, there being two pieces of cloth
of the form of each Figure. Figure 1, is one half of the back of the
coat; Figure 2, is one half of the front of the coat; and Figure 3
is one of the sleeves. The lines a, b, in Figure 3, are brought
together and sewn together, forming the lower part of the sleeve.
The lines c, d, are also sewn together, and the lines e, f, are sewn
together, thus forming the shoulder of the sleeve. The line d, f, I,
is sewn to the line similarly marked in Figure 2; and the pointed
piece h, b, g, in Figure 2, is bent down and sewn to the similarly

page_text: marked parts in Figure 3, thus giving greater fulness to the upper
part of the sleeve. The half back, Figure 1, is sewn to the Figure 2,
along the lines h, k, and d, i; and to the sleeve, Figure 3, along the
line d, h; and it is sewn to the other half of the back along the line
l, m.
A collar is put on the coat in the usual manner. Figure 4,
is the half of a cape, which may be attached to the coat. The other
half of the cape is of similar form, and the two are sewn together
on the line n, o. A small piece is cut out of Figure 4, at n, q, 1, and
a cut is made from q, to p. Figure 5, is a small piece of cloth,
which is sewn into Figure 4, along the lines s, p, q. The neck of
the cape r, q, s, n, is sewn to the neck of the coat at t, i, in Figure 2,
and at i, m, in Figure 1. t, u, is the open front of the coat, and r, v,
is the open front of the cape. The dotted lines h, K, and m, L, in
Figure 1, and the dotted lines h, K, and t,-U, in Figure 2, shew the
forms for making a circular cloak. The lines h, K, in the two
Figures, are sewn together, and the two halves of the back are sewn
together along the line m, L. The other parts are the same as
before, and the cape may be attached, or the cloak made, without a
cape at pleasure.
The form of the sleeve which is produced from the piece of cloth,
Figure 3, is well adapted for the coats or cloaks of military men, as
it affords space for the epaulet. When the epaulet is not worn, the
shoulder of the sleeve may be supported by a light metal frame,
which is shewn in Figure 6. A, is the frame, made of thin sheet iron
or other suitable material, and having a tongue B, which slides into
a sort of socket formed at the end of a plate attached to the coat.
Figure 7, shews this plate C, and Figure 8, is a sectional view of the
plate C, with the frame A, slipped into it. The edges of the plate
are turned up at D, D; or two small pieces of metal are rivetted to
it, so as to form a clip or socket for the reception of the frame A.
A small punch mark is made in the underside of the plate C, at v,
which produces a slight projection on the upper side of the plate.
The centre of the tongue B, is hammered down a little at w, so that
when it passes over the projection on the plate C, the frame A, is
held sufficiently firmly to prevent its slipping out of its place. It

page_text: may, however, be pulled out when required. The plate C, is perfo-
rated with holes along its edges, and it is sewn to the coat in the
position shewn in Figure 2. The moveable frame A, may be
covered with cloth, and it may be inserted into its place, or removed
at pleasure.
The dotted lines in Figure 3, show the form of a piece of cloth
which may be employed for the sleeve of the coat or cloak, when
space for an epaulet is not required.
Having now described the nature of iny Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that
what I clain is, the manufacture of coats and outer garments, as
hercin-before described, by uniting together pieces of cloth of the
forms shewn in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Powell, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
Witness,
ROBERT POWELL. (L.S.)
CHARLES COWPER,
20, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane.