IMPROVEMENTS IN FREEZING ANd RefrigeratiNG, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN.
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Noel Mackay, of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, and David Rae, of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN FREEZING ANd RefrigeratiNG, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN.
وو
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Noel Mackay
and David Rae at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 24th March 1875.
We, FREDERICK NOEL MACKAY, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, and DAVID RAE, of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FREEZING AND REFRIGERATING, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED
THEREIN," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to refrigerate and cool floors, so that
water carried thereon may be frozen with an even surface for skating

page_text: purposes, or malt or like substance cooled to the necessary or desired
temperature. For this purpose the brine or cooling liquid, vapour, or
gas is caused to circulate on the opposite side of the plates or pieces
forming the floor to that on which the cooling effect operates, instead of
circulating through pipes or tubes contained in the liquid or material to
be refrigerated, as heretofore has been projected.
By the above arrangement we are enabled to obtain an even surface
on which to refrigerate water, thus preventing such water from being
frozen with a rough or wavy surface, on account of such surface
when frozen following the inequalities of the carrying surface. The
even surface is also useful in cooling malt or like substance, there being
no projections to catch the spade or shovel when used to turn the said
malt or other substance.
By preference we construct the floor of plates of iron so flanged that
they can be bolted together or to an under girder, the ends of the plates
or plates and girders forming a butt joint. A second floor, which may
be similar to the one above described, is placed below the said water or
malt-carrying floor, so as to provide circulating space for the brine or
refrigerating medium. Diaphragms may be employed to give the brine
a zig-zag or devious course.
Level or even surface floors for refrigerating purposes, constructed so
as to allow of the cooling medium being applied immediately beneath
them, may be constructed in various ways without departing from our
Invention.
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters 2
Patent, and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said Frederick
Noel Mackay and David Rae in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd October 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, FREDERICK
NOEL MACKAY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
and DAVID RAE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, Engineer, send a
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of August, in the year

page_text: of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Frederick Noel Mackay and David
Rae, Her special licence that we, the said Frederick Noel Mackay and
David Rac, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Frederick Noel Mackay and David Rac, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN FREEZING AND REFRIGERATING AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Frederick Noel Mackay
and David Rae, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office on or before the Twenty-third
day of October One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Frederick Noel Mackay and David
Rac, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
The object of this Invention is so to refrigerate and cool floors that water
carried thereon may be frozen with an even surface for skating purposes,
or malt or like substance cooled to the necessary or desired temperature.
For this purpose the brine or cooling liquid, vapour, or gas is caused to
circulate on the opposite side of the plates or pieces forming the floor to
that on which the cooling effect operates, instead of circulating through
pipes or tubes contained in the liquid or material to be refrigerated, as
heretofore has been projected.
By the above arrangement we are enabled to obtain an even surface
on which to refrigerate water, thus preventing such water from being
frozen with a rough or wavy surface on account of such surface when
frozen following the inequalities of the carrying surface.
The even
surface is also useful in cooling malt or like substance, there being no
projections to catch the spade or shovel when used to turn the said malt
or other substance.

page_text: the footings or floor g; h, space for brine or cooling agent; h³, air
space.
Fig. 5 is a horizontal section showing diaphragms secured to
carrying beams f for giving to the brine or cooling agent a zig-zig or
devious course underneath and in direct contact with the under surface
of the floor whereon the water to be frozen or the material to be cooled
is carried.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and particu-
larized the same, we claim the several improvements berein described,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Noel Mackay, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-first day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.
J. T. KING,
Patent Agent,
Liverpool.
FRED. W. MACKAY. (L.S.)