IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN SKIVING, WHITENING, LEVELLING BEVELLING AND SPLITTING IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LEATHER
Year: 1886

page_text: Leather.
We JOSEPH HALL of Burley Engine Works Leeds, Engineer, and ANN HALL of
Dyson House Burley Wood Leeds both in the County of York do hereby declare
the nature of our said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN
SKIVING, WHITENING, LEVELLING BEVELLING AND SPLITTING IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF LEATHER to be as follows:-
Our said Improvements hereinafter described are more or less applicable in
common to machines employed in the various operations of skiving, whitening,
splitting, levelling and bevelling.
These Improvements refer in the first place, to the mode of holding or guiding
the leather to be operated upon, or of holding and guiding the knife operating on
the leather; and consists in the use of bolding down and distributing plates. In
machines employed in the operations of skiving and whitening, these plates are
employed in holding down and guiding the leather in the immediate vicinity of
the knives operating thereon, thereby ensuring an even and uniform treatment of
the skin or leather, in spite of irregularities in the thickness or surface of the same.
In such machines as are here referred to, one of the plates is on one side of the
knife cylinder, and between the same and the feed rollers; the other plate is
on the opposite side, between the knife cylinder and the drawing off rollers.
A grinding wheel is fitted so as to traverse along the knife cylinder, the knife or
blade edges being thereby kept properly sharpened. In machines employed for
bevelling, the holding down or guide plates are used for supporting and guiding
the knife, one of the plates being above and the other below the knife.
In the second place our Improvements refer to the mode of supporting the
leather or hide when being operated upon in the skiving or whitening machines;
and consists in the application of sectional rollers for bearing the leather or bide
up against the operating knives. These sectional rollers are supported on a long
rubber or elastic cylinder. The use of sectional rollers supported by rubber or
elastic rollers is new in its application to skiving and whitening machines, and
these may be arranged as is usual in splitting machines, by placing the sectional
rollers and the rubber cylinder in such a position with regard to each other
and the knife cylinder, that the pressure is transmitted more or less tangentially
[Price S1

page_text: through the rubber, thereby giving the sectional rollers more play than if the
pressure were transmitted radially. Such an arrangement is new in the case of
bevelling machines, as well as for skiving and whitening machines.
A machine for splitting levelling and bevelling constructed in accordance with
our Improvements also, is so arranged that the material to be cut can be held
stationary in height as it is fed to the knife; or may be raised and lowered as it is
fed forward, and so that the rate of raising or lowering can be varied with respect
to the feed, thus altering the angle of bevelling. For this purpose I provide
lifting pièces carrying the rubber roller, the sectional roller and the top feed roller,
and so arranged, that the top feed roller can be raised independantly for the
purpose of inserting the leather. The lifting pieces are raised and lowered by
suitable mechanism, so that the rate of lifting or lowering may be varied at
pleasure, thereby altering the angle of the bevelling By means of a wiper, spring
or weighted lever and clutch, the mechanism driving the lifting pieces can be
thrown out of gear at any determined position.
It will be evident that the knife instead of the feed rollers may be raised or
lowered by mechanism similar to that described above.

page_text: Improvements in Machinery Employed in Skiving, Whitening,
Levelling, Bevelling, and Splitting in the Manufacture of
Leather.
We JOSEPH HALL of Burley Engine Works Leeds Engineer and ANN HALL of
Dyson House Burley Wood Leeds both in the County of York do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our said Improvements herein after described are more or less applicable in
common to machines employed in the various operations of skiving, whitening,
splitting, levelling, and bevelling.
These Improvements refer in the first place, to the mode of holding or guiding
the leather to be operated upon, or of holding and guiding the knife operating on
the leather, and consists in the use of "holding down" and "distributing" plates.
In machines employed in the operations of skiving and whitening, these plates
are employed in holding down and guiding the leather in the immediate vicinity
of the knives operating thereon, thereby ensuring an even and uniform treatment
of the hides or leather, in spite of irregularities in the thickness or surface of the
same. In such machines as are here referred to, one of the plates is on one side of
the knife cylinder, and between the same and the feed rollers; the other plate is
on the opposite side, between the knife cylinder and the drawing off rollers.
A grinding wheel is fitted so as to traverse along the knife cylinder, the knife or -
blade edges being thereby kept sharpened. In machines employed for bevelling,
the holding down or guide plates are used for supporting and guiding the knife,
one of the plates being above and the other below the knife.
In the second place our Improvements refer to the mode of supporting the
leather or hide when being operated upon in the skiving or whitening machines,
and consists in the application of sectional rollers for bearing up the leather or hide
against the operating knives. These sectional rollers are supported on a long
rubber or elastic cylinder. The use of sectional rollers supported by rubber or
elastic rollers is new in its application to skiving and whitening machines; and.
these may be arranged as is usual in splitting machines, by placing the sectional
rollers, and the rubber cylinder in such a position with regard to each other and
the knife cylinder, that the pressure is transmitted more or less tangentially
through the rubber, thereby giving the sectional rollers more play than if the
pressure were transmitted radially Such an arrangement is new in the case of
bevelling machines, as well as for skiving and whitening machines.
A machine for splitting, bevelling, and levelling, constructed in accordance with
our Improvements also, is so arranged that the material to be cut can be held
stationary in height as it is .fed to the knife; or may be raised and lowered as it
ia.fed forward to the knife, so that the rate of raising or lowering may be varied
with respect to the rate of feed, thus altering the angle of bevelling. For this
purpose we provide lifting pieces carrying the rubber roller, the sectional roller
and the top feed roller; and so arranged that the top feed roller can be raised

page_text: independantly for the purpose of inserting the leather.
The lifting pieces are
raised and lowered by suitable mechanism, so, that the rate of lifting or lowering
may be varied at pleasure, thereby altering the angle of bevelling. By means of a
wiper, spring, or weighted lever, and clutch, the mechanism driving the lifting
pieces can be thrown out of gear at any determined position.
It will be evident that the knife instead of the feed rollers may be raised or
lowered by mechanism similar to that described above.
And in order that our Invention may be more thoroughly understood, reference
is given to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and marks thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of the inner side of one of the ends of a machine for
levelling splitting and bevelling having several of our herein-before mentioned
improvements applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same. Fig. 3 is. a cross
section of the knife cylinder and feeding and drawing off rollers of a machine for
skiving and whitening, having part of our said improvements applied thereto.
Fig. 4 is a cross section of the knife cylinder and sectional rollers and rubber
cylinder of a machine for skiving and whitening, having part of our said Improve-
ments applied thereto.
In Fig. 3 a a¹ are the holding down or distributing plates, between which are
the spring supports 6 for holding or bearing up the leather against the under side
of the knife cylinder c. In some machines a rubber cylinder is substituted for the
row of spring supports b. The plates a a¹ hold down and guide the leather in the
immediate vicinity of the knives operating thereon, and the spring supports 6 can
yield individually during the passage over them of any irregularities in the thick-
ness or surface of the leather; this arrangement of the plates a a' thus ensures an
even and uniform treatment of the surface of the hides or leather. One of the
plates a is between the knife cylinder and the feed rollers d, and the other holding
down plate a¹ is between the knife cylinder c and the drawing off rollers e. The
guide and the drawing off rollers are in some cases arranged to rise and fall by
making the bearings for the ends of the rollers adjustable in height and supporting
them on springs.
In machines employed for bevelling the holding down or guide plates a a¹
Fig. 1, are used for holding or guiding the endless band knife which passes
between them. The endless steel band knife passes round a pulley fat each end
of the machine.
In Fig. 4c is the knife cylinder, g are the sectional rollers supported on the
long rubber cylinder h. The rubber cylinder h may be placed vertically beneath
the sectional rollers, so that the pressure is transmitted radially; or as shewn in the
Fig. 4 so that the pressure is transmitted more or less tangentially on to the rubber
cylinder, thus giving the individual sectional rollers more play. This arrangement
(shewn also in Fig. 1) is new in the case of bevelling machines In Fig. 1. g are
the sectional rollers and h the supporting rubber cylinder.
Figs. 1 and 2 shew our arrangements for raising and lowering the material as it
is fed forward to the knife, in splitting, bevelling and levelling machines. In
these i is the endless band knife. k is a lifting piece which can slide vertically in
the guide way 7. This lifting piece carries the rubber roller h and the sectional
rollers g. A second lifting piece m carrying the top feed roller d slides in a guide
way formed in the lifting piece k, so that the top feed roller can be lifted inde-
pendantly for the insertion of the leather by means of the handle n, operating the
eccentric o. The lifting piece k is raised by pushing in the wedge p, which can be
moved in or out by the handle q, or automatically from the machine by means of
the link r, levers 8 and t, connecting rod u, crank pin v, and wheel gearing w; the
latter actuated from some moving part of the machine. By altering the position
of the connecting rod u on the crank plate or wheel and in the slotted lever t, the
rate of lifting and lowering can be varied at pleasure. By means of a wiper a,

page_text: spring lever y, and clutch z, the mechanism for raising and lowering the lifting
pieces can be thrown out of gear at any determined position.
It will be evident that the lifting pieces may be operated by other mechanism
than that here described; and also that by attaching proper guide rolls and plates
to the lifting piece k, the knife may be raised and lowered in a like manner, instead
of the hides or leather.
A quadrant, and a pointer (1 and 2), the latter moved by a tappet on the lifting
piece k, indicate the position of the lifting piece, and thus also the thickness
between the top feed roller and the knife.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is;-
1° In machines employed in the operations of skiving and whitening in the
manufacture of leather, the use of holding down or distributing plates a a¹ Fig. 3
for holding down and guiding the leather substantially as herein set forth.
2° In machines employed in the operation of bevelling in the manufacture of
leather the use of supporting or guide plates a a¹ arranged immediately above and
below the knife i for supporting and guiding the same, substantially as herein set
forth, and shewn in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings.
3° In machines employed in the operations of skiving and whitening in the
manufacture of leather, the use of the so-called "sectional rollers g supported on a
long rubber cylinder h substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth-Fig. 4.
4° In machines employed in the operations of skiving, whitening and bevelling
in the manufacture of leather, the use of sectional rollers g Figs. 1 and 4 placed in
such a position with respect to the rubber cylinder and the knife or knife
cylinder, that the pressure is transmitted more or less tangentially through the
rubber cylinder substantially as herein set forth and shewn in the accompanying
drawings.
5° In machines employed in the operations of splitting, bevelling, and levelling
in the manufacture of leather, the use of lifting pieces k, m, Figs. 1 and 2 carrying
either the rubber,-sectional--and top feed rollers, (or supports for the knife);
operated so that the rate of lifting and lowering may be varied at pleasure, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
D
BOLL
1
1
1000