Improvements in the Treatment of Milk, and in or connected with Vessels or Bottles for use therewith.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in the Treatment of Milk, and in or connected with
Vessels or Bottles for use therewith.
I, JOSEPH ADOLF LEON FELIX JANASZ, of The Constitutional Club, London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention consists of an improved method of treating milk of cows or other
domesticated animals so as to render it more suitable as food for infants and children,
and in vessels or bottles for use therewith. In the ordinary process for rendering
milk alkaline, whether the same has been modified to suit as food for infants
and children, or not, the alkali is added to the milk which is then heated for
sterilizing purpose, and this produces a certain discolouration of the milk owing
to the action of the alkoli on the milk-sugar in the milk when at a high temper-
ature, and a further objection is that while at the beginning of the sterilizing
process the mixture may be strongly alkaline, this alkalinity will diminish as
the process of sterilization proceeds. It is essential in the process of sterilization
that the vessel or bottle containing the milk should be closed at a particular
temperature.
In order to overcome these objections I provide a vessel or bottle in which the
milk is being sterilized with a receptacle which may be movable or formed
integrally with the bottle or vessel or with the stopper for closing the bottle or
vessel, for containing the alkali required for the purpose of rendering the milk
alkaline, this receptacle being so placed that the milk may be heated for the
purpose of sterilizing and the vessel or bottle sealed or closed without the amount
or quantity of alkali necessary to produce the required alkalinity, coming into
contact with all the milk contained in the vessel or bottle, until the milk has
cooled sufficiently. By then inverting the vessel or bottle the milk is brought
into contact with the alkali in such a way that all the contents of the vessel or
bottle can be mixed with the same sufficiently.
Any suitable form of alkali may be employed, such as lime-water, magnesia,
bi-carbonate of soda, bi-carbonate of potash or auch like, either in a fluid or solid
state, as the essential part of my invention consists in the introduction of the
alkali into the milk in a sealed or closed bottle or vessel after the milk has been
sterilized, at the required temperature.
100K

page_text: Improvements in the Treatment of Milk, and in or connected with
Vessels or Bottles for use therewith.
I, JOSEPH ADOLF LEON FELIX JANASZ, of The Constitutional Club, London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
saine is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
"
This invention chiefly consists in an improved method of treating the milk of
cows and other animals in order to "humanize
it or cause it to more nearly
resemble human milk and thus render it more suitable for consumption by
infants, children and invalids. My invention also relates to the vessels which I
employ for the purpose of carrying out the said method.
It is well known that, while human milk is alkaline, the milk of most animals
has an acid reaction; and therefore an alkali has sometimes been added to cows'
or other animals' milk in order to render the same more suitable for human consump-
tion. It is also usual to sterilize the milk by maintaining the same at a high
temperature for a suitable time, and it is essential in the process of sterilization
that the bottle or other vessel containing the milk should be hermetically
closed before the said high temperature at which the milk is maintained is allowed
to fall to any extent.
Heretofore, in the process or method of rendering milk alkaline, whether said
milk has been modified or not, the alkali has been added thereto prior to the
sterilization thereof; and the heat applied to effect sterilization has produced a
discolouration of the milk which is believed to be due to the action of the alkali
on certain constituents of the milk when at a high temperature. Moreover, this
process of sterilization appears to partially or wholly neutralize or destroy the
alkalinity previously given to the milk, so that it is necessary to add a larger
quantity of the alkali to the milk than is required to render it of the desired
alkalinity, in order to allow for the reduction of such alkalinity during the
sterilization; and this increase in the quantity of alkali still further increases
the above mentioned discolouration and tends to render the milk unsuitable as a
food for infants or invalids.
Now according to my invention I first sterilize the milk, which may or may
not have been previously modified by the reduction or increase of the proportion
of certain of its constituents, and I then allow the same to cool, after which t cause
a suitable alkali in the proportion necessary to effect the desired degree of alkaliza-
tion to be added to and mixed with or dissolved in such milk without unclosing
the receptacle or permitting any air to reach the same. For this purpose I provide
a vessel or bottle in which the milk is to be sterilized with a secondary chamber
or receptacle for containing the alkali required, which is preferably in form of
compressed tablets, the arrangement being such that the alkali may be placed in
this chamber or receptacle prior to the sterilization process, and will remain therein
out of contact with the milk, until (after the sterilization and cooling) the said
milk is caused to enter the alkali chamber by inverting or otherwise disposing
or manipulating the vessel. It will be seen that the alkali is also sterilized at the
same time as the milk, although it is separated therefrom.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
effect I will describe the same more fully with reference to the accompanying
drawings which show, by way of example, several forms of devices which I
may employ.
In all these figures like letters of reference indicate similar parts.
A is the bottle or other vessel for containing the milk, B is the stopper or
sealing device, b is a resilient washer or ring for rendering the stopper air-tight

page_text: and C is the secondary chamber or receptacle for containing a suitable alkali,
either in a liquid or solid state, such as lime-water, maguesin, or the bi-carbonate
of soda or of potash.
Figures 1 and 2, which are respectively a sectional elevation, and a horizontal
section on line of Figure 1, show a bottle neck provided with internal pro-
jections a that serve as a support for the alkali receptacle or cup C, which latter
has its rim or edge turned outwardly so as to rest on said projections. B is an
ordinary cork or stopper for closing the bottle.
Figure 3 shows another arrangement in which a larger receptacle C is employed,
said receptacle being supported in a recess a on the base of the bottle and being
held in position by a conical projection at the base of the stopper which enters
the mouth of the said receptacle, as shown. This arrangement is especially
applicable in cases where a liquid alkali such as lime water is employed.
Figure 4 illustrates another construction in which the receptacle C is retained
in position within the vessel by being screwed to the base of the stopper. Instead
of a screw thread connection however I may employ any other suitable connection,
such as a bayonet joint.
In Figure 5 I have illustrated my improved device applied to a special form of
stopper for which British Letters Patent No. 18546 were granted to Stafford Hill on
the 21st August 1890, the said stopper consisting of a cap b retained in position
by a screw collar or ring . In this case the receptacle C is provided with an
outwardly turned rim or edge forming a flange which is adapted to rest on the
rim or edge of the vessel, as shewn.
Figure 6 shows another construction wherein the receptacle C is combined with
or formed in the stopper or closing device, the said receptacle being itself closed,
after the alkali has been placed therein, by a cap which may if desired be
screwed thereon. Or said receptacle may be closed by a cork or plug.
Figure 7 shows a receptacle similar to that illustrated in Figure 5 applied to a
vessel having a form of closing device similar to that described in the Specification
of British Letters Patent No. 17136 granted to George Frederick Redfern on
the 31st December 1886, and consisting of a cap 61 fitting over the mouth of the
receptacle and adapted to make an air-tight joint therewith y means of the
india rubber ring b.
It will be seen that in each case the receptacle is provided with one or more holes
or orifices e so disposed that when the vessel is in its normal position, or the position
it occupies during the sterilizing process, the milk and the alkali cannot become
mixed or pass from one chamber to the other; but which holes serve to admit
the milk to the receptacle when the bottle or other vessel is laid on its side or
is inverted. It is obvious however that these holes may be replaced by slots or
depressions in the rim or edge of the receptacle. Or any other means may be
employed for permitting the milk to reach the alkali at the proper time.
Although have shown only receptacles resting in the bottle or vessel or
applied to the stopper thereof, it is to he understood that this receptacle may be
formed integrally with the bottle or vessel, as, for instance, by forming an internal
ledge or lip around the neck thereof or by providing a partition in the said vessel
extending above the level of the milk therein; or in any other manner.
prefer however to employ one or other of the devices shown in the drawings.
I
It will be readily understood, that, although minute quantities of the steam given
off from the milk may possibly reach the alkali during the sterilizing process, the
said alkali cannot reach the milk until the vessel is placed in such a position as
will permit the milk to flow into the alkali receptacle, or permit the alkali to pass
out therefrom.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:--
1. The method of treating milk consisting in first sterilizing the same, then

page_text: hermetically sealing it in air tight receptacles and allowing it to cool, and finally
adding an alkali to said milk without admitting air thereto.
2. The combination with a bottle or other vessel, or with the stopper or cover
thereof, of a receptacle for containing alkali, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
1 L
£1900
FLASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.