matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CLEANING WHEAT
Year: 1855

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Thomas Humphreys and
James Loughry at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 30th November 1855.
We, HENRY THOMAS HUMPHREYS, of Kilmacow Mills, Waterford, Ireland,
Mill Owner, and JAMES LOUGHRY, of the same Place, Foreman Miller, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CLEANING WHEAT" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved construction and arrangement of
apparatus for cleaning wheat, whereby an economy of labour and power is
effected, whilst the wheat is less liable to be broken up or deteriorated than by
the ordinary arrangements of apparatus for effecting such operation. The
improvements consist in the employment of a revolving polygonal drum of
considerable length, and composed of strong wire or perforated metal plates,
through which drum the wheat is slowly passed, in place of tearing it with
brushes or beaters, the weight of the wheat being suflicient to accomplish the
object whilst passing through the machine.
IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THE PULPING OF TURNIPS AND OTHER VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Foley Kealy at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th July 1855.
1, JOHN FOLEY KEALY, of Oxford Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Agricultural Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THE PULPING OF TURNIPS AND OTHER
VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved arrangement of machinery for pulp-
ing or grating turnips and other vegetable substances. In a suitably-shaped
hopper I mount a cylinder, which is covered with sheet iron or steel, furnished
with projecting teeth or pointed cutting edges. As the cylinder is rotated,
these teeth will reduce the turnips or other roots subjected to their action to
a pulp, which will fall into a receptacle below. To prevent the accumulation
of pulp upon the surface of this pulping cylinder, I provide a rotary brush
(made of split cane, whalebone, or other suitable material), which, having a
quicker surface speed than the cylinder, and running in contact therewith,
will brush off all the pulp that may be adhering thereto, and thereby effectually
prevent the machine from clogging. In order to facilitate the bringing of the
turnips or other vegetable substances under the action of the pulping cylinder,

page_text: I provide the hopper with a sliding presser, which is worked up and down by
a rack and pinion. When raised by the attendant it will allow the turnips to
roll down beneath it, and when brought down upon the turnips with pressure
it will keep them under the action of the cylinder.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILER FURNACES, AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR SUPPLYING WATER TO STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1855

page_text: application for Letters Putent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Aston and Samuel
Hopkinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 12th November 1855.
We, WILLIAM HENRY ASTON and SAMUEL HOPKINSON, of Zetland Mill,
Huddersfield, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STEAM BOILER FURNACES, AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR SUPPLYING WATER TO
STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object a peculiar combination of the parts of a
steam boiler furnace, and of the apparatus used for supplying water to a steam
boiler; for this purpose, the water in place of being supplied direct to the
boiler by the feed pipe, as is most commonly the case, is caused to pass from
the upper part of the feed pipe by a suitable pipe or tube to a close cistern or
hollow bridge in the flue or fire bed of the boiler; the water is then by a
suitable tube or pipe conveyed through a second closed cistern, which is at the
end of the fire bars, and such tube or pipe is formed by a succession of bends
into a series of fire bars, through which the water circulates to and fro, and the
end of the tube opens into a hollow bearer which supports the front end of
this series of hollow fire bars, or the water may be conducted from the back
cistern or bridge to the front hollow bearer, and from it to the fire bars; the
water is then conducted by a tube or pipe to the hollow bearer of a second
and lower series of hollow fire bars, and from such bearer the water flows to

page_text: and fro through the successive bends of the tube or pipe forming the lower
series of fire bars, at the end of which the water enters another hollow bearer,
and from it the water is conducted into the front cistern or water bridge, and
from the upper part of such front cistern the water is by a suitable tube or
pipe conducted back to the feed pipe of the boiler, hence the boiler will be fed
with hot water. The furnace, in addition to the two series of tubular fire bars,
is formed with a front set of fire bars of the ordinary kind, and on which
an ordinary fire is formed; but by reason of the passage to the flue through
the front bridge or cistern being below the upper series of tubular bars, the
products of combustion rising from the front part of the fire, which is on
the ordinary fire bars, will pass over and down through the flue, which is
on the upper series of tubular fire bars, and the products will then pass over
any fire which may be on the lower series of fire bars, which it is preferred
should also be hollow, as before mentioned, but such lower fire might if
desired be on ordinary fire bars.
CERTAIN IMPROVED MEANS OF ENVELOPING MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS WITH SOLUBLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jules, Denoual, of Samares Lodge, St. Clements,
Jersey, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVED MEANS OF ENVELOPING
MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS WITH SOLUBLE SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 6th July 1855, and dated the 14th April 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jules Denoual at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
April 1855.
I, JULES DENOUAL, of Samares Lodge, St. Clements, Jersey, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVED MEANS OF
ENVELOPING MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS WITH SOLUBLE SUBSTANCES" to be as
follows:-
The medicinal preparations which I propose to envelope with soluble
substances are in the form and shape of pills, and the soluble substances are
composed of gelatine, loaf sugar, gum arabic, and water, or other suitable
combinations. The improved means by which I effect this covering or coating
to pills consist of a machine, of which Fig. A on the accompanying Drawing
is a representation. (a) is a plate of metal or other suitable material, provided
with a handle (6), by which it may be suspended when required; (c), (c), (c),

page_text: are finely pointed needles projecting from the plate (a). My mode of opera-
tion with this machine is as follows:-Having prepared the soluble substance
in a suitable vessel, heated so as to produce fluidity, I place on each of the
needle points a pill to be covered, and then cause the whole to be suffi-
ciently immersed in the soluble substance, so that when withdrawn a thin
coating of it shall have adhered to each pill; when such coating is dry, the
pills are removed from the needle points, and the neck left to each pill by
the clinging of the soluble compound to the needle at the point of junction
with it is removed. By this means I disguise the taste and flavour of the
drug or drugs of which the pills are composed, so that when swallowed
the soluble covering alone is perceptible to the organs of taste, and which
soluble covering quickly gives way to the action of the stomach, permitting
the medicinal preparation to perform its function. The coating of the pills
in this manner likewise prevents the escape of any volatile matter of which
they may be composed, and greatly tends to their preservation. My Invention
then consists in the novelty of coating or enveloping pills with soluble
substances, and of the mechanical means I have herein described for that
purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING VESSELS
Year: 1855

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Dover Chatterton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th February 1855.
I, RICHARD DOVER CHATTERTON, of Cobourg, Canada West, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING VESSELS",
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of constructing and applying wheels to vessels in
the following manner:-In place of the wheels being made with float boards
or paddles, such as are ordinarily applied, the wheels are made buoyant by
means of hollow or buoyant cylinders, which, however, is not new in itself,
but each of these hollow or buoyant cylinders is arranged to turn on its own
axis, and the wheels are made of comparatively large diameter, so that the
lowest buoyant cylinder of a wheel may descend into the water to a greater
depth than the keel of the vessel, and I prefer to employ two or even more
such wheels on each side of a ship or vessel, but this may be varied. By
thus having the buoyant cylinders or vessels to turn on their own axes, and
also to descend in the water below the bottom and keel of the vessel, greater
speed may be obtained, and the vessel will, so to speak, be carried by the
buoyant floats of the wheels, which for the time being are in and under
the water.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN WATER-CLOSETS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Lee at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th June 1855.
I, WILLIAM LEE, of Duke Street, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WATER-CLOSETS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improved constructions and arrangements
of the service boxes of water-closets, whereby the instantaneous flushing of the
closet is accomplished without any necessity for a great fall of water or head
pressure, and a great saving of water is effected by a self-acting arrangement
for preventing any unnecessary waste of the fluid.
The improved service box consists of a suitably shaped reservoir subdivided
into three compartments or chambers by suitable partitions. In one of the
chambers is fitted a float, which is connected by any suitable mechanical con-
trivance with the service supply cock. The partition which divides this
chamber from the next one extends from
from the bottom of the reservoir, in
between the two chambers so divided.
the top to within a short distance
order to form a free communication
In the next chamber is fitted to work
a piston, having an opening formed in it, which is closed by a valve opening
upwards; this piston is connected with the flushing handle or pull of the
closet. The third compartment is separated from this last compartment by a
partition, which extends from the bottom of-the-reservoir to within a short
distance from the top, and contains a funnel-mouth opening downwards into

page_text: the flushing pipe. When not actually in use, the two first-mentioned chambers
are filled with water to within about half an inch, more or less, below the edge
of the division which separates the last-mentioned chamber containing the
funnel from the other chambers. In this state the service cock will be kept
closed by the elevated position of the float, but when the piston is drawn up
for the purpose of flushing the closet, the whole of the water above it will be
raised and caused to flow over into the funnel mouth, whilst at the same
time the float will descend and open the service cock, which will keep open
until the proper quantity of water has entered the service box, and the float
consequently assumed its original position. As the piston descends again, its
valve will open and allow the water to pass through it to its upper side ready
for the next flushing. The relative positions of these three chambers may be
varied according to circumstances.
THE APPLICATION OF PERFUMERY TO ARTICLES OF DOMESTIC USE, SUCH AS CANDLES, STARCH, WASHING BLUE, LAMP OIL, AND SUCH LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Edward Steane at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
July 1855.
I, SAMUEL EDWARD STEANE, trading under the firm of Steane & Co.,
Importers and Manufacturers, of the City of Oxford, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention for "THE APPLICATION OF PERFUMERY TO ARTICLES
OF DOMESTIC USE, SUCH AS CANDLES, STARCH, WASHING BLUE, LAMP OIL, AND SUCH
LIKE ARTICLES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
My Invention consists in impregnating or mixing with such like articles
named in the title, perfumes, such as orris root, camphor, musk, saudolwood,
lavender, &c., or with essential oils, gums, or spice, that throw out a perfume,
varying the same as may be preferred. The mode in which the perfume may
be mixed or incorporated with such articles herein named will be easily under-
stood; as, for instance, in the manufacture of candles (whether dips or molds,
tallow, wax, or composites,) the perfume may be incorporated while the
material or materials are in a molten state, or the wicks of such candles may
be impregnated, that while such candles are burning, the desired perfume will
be given out. And, again, with starch the various perfumes herein named
may be mixed or incorporated, whether the same be in powder or a granulated

page_text: shape, without any reference to the particular vegetable matter of which such
starch may be extracted, whether wheat, potatoe, sago, rice, or other such like
vegetable; it naturally following that all fabrics (whether undergoing the pro-
cess of their first dressing or before calendering) may be scented by their being
stiffened with a perfumed starch. As, again, all articles of dress or household
fabric requiring the renovation of washing may receive the desired perfume
while undergoing that process by the use of perfumed washing blue or starch,
with either of which it may be mixed or incorporated.
And, in conclusion, I will add, that to obviate the necessity of purifying lamp
oil, with a view of destroying the unauseous odour arising from the same, I
propose to neutralize or overpower such odour, by mixing a suitable perfume
with the oil or other luminous fluid, such perfume being thrown of in the
operation of consuming (as when used in table lamps, &c.); or such perfume
may be thrown of by charging or saturating the wicks of such lamps with
the required scent.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA- RATUS FOR CUTTING OUT THE GORES OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS, WHICH SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO CUTTING OUT FORMS OR SHAPES FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Broadbent, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Merchant, and Stanley Peter Youle, of the same Place,
Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA-
RATUS FOR CUTTING OUT THE GORES OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS, WHICH SAID
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO CUTTING OUT FORMS OR SHAPES FOR
OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 28th December 1855, and dated the 29th June 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Broadbent and
Stanley Peter Youle at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 29th June 1855.
We, JOHN BROADBENT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Mer-
chant, and STANLEY PETER YOULE, of the same Place, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of our said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR CUTTING OUT THE GORES OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS, WHICH SAID
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO CUTTING OUT FORMS OR SHAPES FOR OTHER
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
--Our-Invention consists in cutting-out-gores or other-shapes by means of
cutting edges or blades fixed unon the outer surface of a roller. We emilov

page_text: another roller (as a bed roller), which forms a bed or surface for the knives or
blades to cut against or upon.
The required shape or form having been produced upon the roller by the
insertion of the blades or knives, and the bed, roller placed in a convenient
position for the knives to cut against, it will be found, that upon a rotatory
motion being imparted to the roller furnished with the blades, one or more
gores or shapes will be cut out at every revolution of the said roller.
SEPARATING CERTAIN METALS FROM METALLIC SUB- STANCES
Year: 1855

page_text: This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Alexander Edwards at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st April 1855.
I, WILLIAM ALEXANDER EDWARDS, of No. 87, Brook Street, West Square,
Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "SEPARATING CERTAIN METALS FROM METALLIC SUB-
STANCES" to be as follows, that is to say :-
My Invention, which has for its object the separation of iron and steel from
any ores or compound metals, such as brass and gun metal, or other metallic
substances which may contain them, consists in subjecting the said metallic
substances to the action of an electro-magnet, which I do by placing a
revolving bar, cylinder, or other piece of iron in the centre of a coil or coils,
the end of which projects and is placed in connection with an electric battery
or batteries; and by the action of the said battery or batteries, through the
intervention of the coil or coils, I convert the bar, cylinder, or piece of iron
into a temporary magnet, and by bringing the metallic filings into juxta-
position with the same, I cause the iron and steel to be attracted thereto,
and effectually separated from the other substances.
AN IMPROVED MANGLE OR PRESS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO ROLLERS EMPLOYED FOR PRESSURE PURPOSES GENERALLY
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Cornes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
December 1855.
I, JOHN CORNES, of Swan Lane, in the City of London, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MANGLE OR
PRESS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO ROLLERS EMPLOYED FOR PRESSURE
PURPOSES GENERALLY," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the construction of a mangle or press with two
rollers, the upper roller being fixed in its bearings, while the lower roller is
capable of up and down motion. The lower roller is kept in contact with the
upper by strong springs, which press against bearings in which the ends of its
axis revolve, and which permit of its being separated from the fixed roller
when any article is passed between them. The springs are contained in
hollow standards, which form the frame for the machine and support the
rollers. The standards are slotted a certain distance to allow of the bearings
for the lower roller to rise and fall. According to the strength of the springs,
so will be the pressure exerted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF POTTERY, EARTHENWARE, AND OTHER CLAY ARTICLES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick George Sanders and
Thomas Richard Sanders, jun", at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 4th October 1855.
We, FREDERICK GEORGE SANDERS and THOMAS RICHARD SANDERS, jun', of
Poole, in the County of Dorset, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF POTTERY, EARTHENWARE,
AND OTHER CLAY ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention of improvements in the manufacture of pottery, earthenware,
and other clay articles, consists, firstly, in producing fired clay in a pulverized
form, applicable to the manufacture of pottery and other clay articles. The
clay is dried, and by means of a mill levigated or reduced to powder. The
pulverized clay is then placed in a kiln to be fired. The kiln is divided into
compartments; the partitions forming the compartments are so arranged as to
form a number of flues for the passage of the fire.
Another of my improvements consists in covering or casing with sheet iron
the outside of the kilns used in the manufacture of pottery and other clay
articles. The kiln is built within the metal casing. The object of the
improvement is to render it as compact and air-tight as possible.
Another of my improvements consists in obtaining the necessary heat in

page_text: the kilns by means of a blast of air, in order to lessen the time heretofore
required for this part of the manufacture of pottery, earthenware, and other
clay articles. For this purpose I employ a fan or other means for driving or
forcing a current of air through the burning fuel, by which means the requisite
temperature is obtained with great facility.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSUMPTION OR PRE- VENTION OF SMOKE
Year: 1855

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th May
1855. A communication.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSUMPTION OR PRE-
VENTION OF SMOKE," a communication from Etienne Bourgeois, of Rheims, in
the Empire of France, Card Manufacturer, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
furnace or fire-place, whereby the entire combustion of the smoke and uncon-
sumed grases thrown off from the green fuel is effectually accomplished, whilst
the heat and flame produced by such combustion assists materially in the
heating of the boiler or other apparatus, and consequently effects a considerable
economy in fuel. The improvements consist in placing an auxiliary grate
immediately behind the bridge of the furnace, which is fed separately by a
lateral door with coke, & is in direct communication from below with the main
furnace, the products of combustion from which must pass through the incan-
descent fuel by entering from the under side of and passing through the
auxiliary grate before entering the flue. This latter grate may be composed

page_text: either of fire brick or of a cast-iron chamber or cavity, having bars arranged
ncross the bottom. In order to prevent the admission of cold air into the
auxiliary fire-place or furnace while stoking, a sliding box without either
bottom or top is employed, such box fitting accurately into the passage leading
to the grate. When this box draws out it rests on the fire door, which opens
downwards to a horizontal position, & is then filled with coke and pushed
forward along the passage, the coke falling out at the bottom on arriving over
the fire-place. A suitable ash-pit is formed below the auxiliary furnace,
and a closing aperture is formed in the side for the facility of raking the
fire bars.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CLEANING THE SURFACES OF WOVEN FABRICS, AND ALSO FOR DISTENDING OR SPREADING THE SAME EITHER BEFORE OR AFTER OR DURING THE PROCESSES OF BLEACHING, PRINTING, OR OTHER SIMILAR OPERATIONS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert Nagles at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th January
1855.
I, ALBERT NAGLES, of Ghent, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Chemist, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CLEANING THE SURFACES OF WOVEN FABRICS, AND
ALSO FOR DISTENDING OR SPREADING THE SAME EITHER BEFORE OR AFTER OR DURING
THE PROCESSES OF BLEACHING, PRINTING, OR OTHER SIMILAR OPERATIONS."
First, my improvements apply to the cleaning the surfaces of calicos, linen,
or other cloth, both back and front, and consists in the employment of appa-
ratus for the purpose of freeing the surface of the cloth from all knots, or
fibrous or other loose matters. My improved apparatus for this purpose is a
rapidly-revolving roller, furnished with brass or other metallic knives or blades,
wound like the threads of quick threaded screws around the said roller, and
thus forming revolving knives or blades, and which, acting against the back
and front of the cloth, will effectually clean or scrape off all loose matters,
knots, &c. I would remark that these blades are not to be screwed or wound,
as it were, from end to end of the said rollers, but are to be wound, formed,
or screwed right and left handed from the middle of the length of the roller,
and thus extending each way to the ends of the roller.
Secondly, my improvements apply to distending or spreading out the cloth
from the middle of the pieces towards each selvage, in order that they may be

page_text: passed through the several machines, and in the course of completing their
manufacture smoothly and evenly, and without the assistance of tentering pins
or other substitute. My improved apparatus for this purpose also consists of
small revolving rollers, being screwed or threaded on their surfaces, and also
right and left handed, each screw or worm commencing at the middle of the
length of the said rollers, and extending to both the right and left hand ends
of the rollers, and screwed in opposite directions. These rollers are further
divided in the middle of their length; or then made, as it were; two half rollers,
for the purpose of their being set or adjusted slightly out of line with each
other, thus
which, as they revolve over and under, and in
close contact with the cloth, will have the effect of distending or spreading out
The goods may also be conveniently "untwisted" in the piece or
pieces by placing the waggon of pieces on a turn-table at the ends of any
of these machines, and thus the turning of the waggon of pieces easily
accomplished, either in one direction or the other, as occasion may require,
to "untwist" the pieces in their progress.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OR MANUFACTURE OF MATERIALS FOR COVERINGS FOR BUILDINGS AND OTHER PURPOSES, SUCH COVERINGS BEING SPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO BARRACKS & MILITARY STORE -- HOUSES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Taylor Bellhouse and David
Longsdon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 20th March 1855.
We, EDWARD TAYLOR BELLHOUSE, of the Eagle Foundry, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, and DAVID LONGSDON, of Grafton Street,
Fitzroy Square, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of our said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OR
MANUFACTURE OF MATERIALS FOR COVERINGS FOR BUILDINGS AND OTHER PURPOSES,
SUCH COVERINGS BEING SPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO BARRACKS & MILITARY STORE --
HOUSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the production of a new material for covering
purposes, which, from its lightness, strength, and portability, is particularly
applicable as a covering for huts, portable buildings, and other similar purposes.
The improvements consist in the combination of textile fabrics or felted
material with metal or cords, or netting of fibrous material, as a means of
strengthening such textile fabrics or felted material; when metal is combined
with fibrous or felted material it may be used in the form of detached wires,
wire-work, or perforated metal plates. This strengthening material is introduced

page_text: between two sheets or webs of fibrous or felted material, waterproof or other-
wise, or made waterproof after its combination with the strengthening materials
herein-before described; or the textile fabric may be composed of a combination
of metallic warps and weft threads with the fibrous threads of the fabric. The
strengthening materials herein-before referred to may, if desirable, be incor-
porated with felted material during the process of its manufacture.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO PREVENT THE LAPPING OF STRAPS ROUND SHAFTS
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Gerhardi, of the City of Manchester,
Mechanic, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO PREVENT
THE LAPPING OF STRAPS ROUND SHAFTS."
Sealed the 26th June 1855, and dated the 21st April 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Gerhardi at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
April 1855.
I, WILLIAM GERHARDI, of the City of Manchester, Mechanic, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO
PREVENT THE LAPPING OF STRAPS ROUND SHAFTS" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in applying a loose bush on each side of every pulley
or drum on the driving shaft; by this means, when a strap falls from the
pulley or drum it drops on the loose bush, and the weight of the strap pre-
vents the bush revolving with the shaft. I prefer to make these bushes in
two halves, so that they may be put on the shaft without taking it down; and
I also propose to have a flange at each end of the bush (which is also put
together in two halves), to hold the strap on the bush.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Blackburn and William
Lundi Duncan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 16th February 1855.
We, ROBERT BLACKBURN, of Wandsworth Paper Mills, Wandsworth, and
WILLIAM LUNDI DUNCAN, of Bridgefield Terrace, Wandsworth, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING" to be
as follows:-
This Invention consists of causing cloths or yarns to be moved in an
extended state in the liquors employed in bleaching, in such manner that the
several vessels required being contiguous to each other, the cloths or yarns enter
the liquor in the first, and circulate to and fro several times therein; the cloths
or yarns then pass into the liquor in the next vessel and circulate several times
to and fro therein; the cloths or yars then pass into the next vessel, and circu-
late to and fro therein, and so on, in the succession of vessels used. Thus,
supposing four vessels to be used, it is preferred that the process should be as
follows:-In the first vessel would be formed a chlorine bath, in the second an
acidulated bath, in the third high pressure steam would be used, and in the
fourth water. The cloths or yarns are pieced up end to end, so as to have a
considerable length in the several vessels and under process at one time. In the
several baths are frames of rollers, under and over which the cloths or yarns
are placed; these frames of rollers are moved to and fro within the baths, to
cause the cloths or yarns to be constantly shaken or changed in their position in

page_text: the baths, in addition to the onward movement communicated to the cloths or
yarns. Pressing rollers are used to express the fluid from the cloths or yarns
as they come out of some of the baths. Other liquors than those mentioned
may be employed, but it is beleived the arrangement of baths above spoken of
is the best for the purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BEETLING OR FINISHING TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Archibald Buchanan and James
Barclay at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 30th April 1855.
We, ARCHIBALD BUCHANAN, of Catrine, in the County of Ayr, North Britain,
Manufacturer, and JAMES BARCLAY, of the same Place, Manager, do hereby
declare the nature of our said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BEETLING OR
FINISHING TEXTILE FABRICS" to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to an improvement on the ordinary "beetling"
machine, as applied for treating or preparing textile fabrics, in which a number
of beetles or beaters are raised by a wiper or eccentric shaft, and then let fall
upon the fabric to be treated, such fabric being submitted to the beetling
action upon a roller or beam or otherwise. In the improved machine, instead
of this arrangement a number of double-headed beetles are set upon an axis
considerably below the level of and between two rollers or beams, round each
of which a piece of the fabric to be beetled is passed. These beetles are made
to vibrate between the two rollers, each beetle striking the rollers alternately
by means of two wiper shafts, placed one on each side of the axis of vibration,
but at a slightly higher level. These wiper shafts are driven in opposite
directions, and wipers or cams upon them are arranged so that each beetle
shall be struck or actuated by a wiper on each shaft alternately.
The details of the arrangement may be modified in various ways, but the
essential feature of the Invention consists in causing the blow of the beetle to

page_text: be produced by the direct action of the wiper or cam, instead of its being
due to the fall of the beetle after being lifted by the cam. The beetles may
be arranged to act on a single roller or beam and to be driven by a single
wiper shaft by contriving the wipers or canis so as to give the requisite back-
ward movement to the beetle between each stroke. The motion for traversing
the beam so as to equalise the action of the beetles, and the winding and
unwinding details, are the same as in ordinary beetling machines.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, WRINGING, AND MANGLING OR PRESSING CLOTHES OR TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1855

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Patterson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd February
1855.
I, JOHN PATTERSON, of Beverley, in the County of York, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, WRINGING, AND MANGLING OR PRESSING CLOTHES OR
TEXTILE FABRICS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
apparatus for washing, wringing, and mangling or pressing clothes or textile
fabrics, and consists in the employment of a press in connection with a washing
vessel or cistern containing the water prepared for washing, or washing liquid.
This press is placed immediately over the water, and is so arranged that the
pressing surfaces between which the clothes or fabrics are placed shall be
submerged, or the press may be made to let down into the water at pleasure.
The washing is effected by alternately allowing the clothes or fabrics to absorb
the prepared water or washing liquid & then pressing it out again. The
under side of the press is so arranged, by the aid of pieces of wood or other
suitable material, that on lowering it down into the water the mass of clothes
or fabrics will, on being relieved from pressure, be broken or lightened up, so

page_text: as to facilitate the absorption of the water. When the washing of a lot of
clothes or fabrics is completed, the pressing surfaces, together with the clothes
or fabrics still under pressure, are raised out of the water by any suitable
mechanical arrangement. The clothes or fabrics, are now relieved from
pressure, and require no further wringing. The same machine after washing
serves as a mangle or press to smooth and finish the clothes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1855

page_text: pplication for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Brooks and William
Stephen Walter at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 8th March 1855.
We, the said JANES BROOKS, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic,
and WILLIAM STEPHEN WALTER, of the same Place, Millright, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING" to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the application of suitable mechanism connected
to the "swell," for the purpose of drawing it back and removing pressure
from the shuttle previously to the picking taking place. The following arrange-
ment will explain the improvement:-To the stop rod we adapt a bell-crank
lever, one arm of which is connected to the "swell;" the other, as the lathe
moves back, arrives in contact with a fixed roller, whereby the bell crank is
caused to turn upon its centre and draw the "swell" outward..
NEW CONSTRUCTED ENGINE TO BE WORKED EITHER BY STEAM OR PRINCIPALLY BY MANUAL LABOUR
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ebenezer Poulson, of 21, Judd Street, Brunswick
Square, in the County of Middlesex, Marine Artist, for the Invention
of a "NEW CONSTRUCTED ENGINE TO BE WORKED EITHER BY STEAM OR
PRINCIPALLY BY MANUAL LABOUR."
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Ebenezer Poulson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Decla-
ration, on the 6th December 1855, pursuant to the 9th Section of the
Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EBENEZER
POULSON, of 21, Judd Street, Brunswick Square, in the County of Middlesex,
Marine Artist, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for a "NEW CONSTRUCTED
ENGINE TO BE WORKED EITHER BY STEAM OR PRINCIPALLY BY MANUEL LABOUR,"
and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have
made solemn declaration that I am the true and first Inventor thereof:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ebenezer Poulson, do hereby declare
that the following complete Specification, under my hand and seal, fully
describes and ascertains the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, videlicet:-
My Invention consists of a new constructed engine for marine locomotives
and standing engines, to be worked either by steam or principally by manuel

page_text: labour, by a suspended lever or a new constructed fly wheel charged with
quicksilver, as the case may be; (that is to say,) as fly wheels are not convenient
to work on shipboard in a gale of wind or an hurricane, the engine may be
worked by manuel labour only; and the action of the engine from the motive
point of power is by an action and reaction.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ebenezer Poulson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord
one thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
EBENEZER POULSON. (L.B.)
A NEW PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING FUEL FOR HOUSEHOLD AND GENERAL PURPOSES, CALLED THE IMPERIAL COAL
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francois Rualem at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th August
1855.
I, FRANCOIS RUALEM, of No. 29, Rue de Paris, à Belleville, France, Milk-
man, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW PROCESS
FOR MANUFACTURING FUEL FOR HOUSEHOLD AND GENERAL PURPOSES, CALLED THE
IMPERIAL COAL," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the production of a fuel which is ignited with
facility, burns very slowly, and without waste, and which throws out an intense
heat without either smoke or smell. I agglomerate in the proper proportions
coal dust, coke dust, charcoal dust, sawdust, coffee grounds, iron filings, and
resin, which being done, I put the mixture into moulds and bake it. It is then
ready for use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING AND REGULATING THE FLOW OF GAS
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT
Nottingham, Lace Manufacturer, and Marmaduke Miller, of Wollaton
Street, Nottingham, Gas Regulator Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING AND REGULATING THE FLOW
OF GAS."
Sealed the 11th April 1856, and dated the 22nd December 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Atkins and Mar-
maduke Miller at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 22nd December 1855.
We, ISAAC ATKINS, of New Basford, and Mary Gate, Nottingham, Lace
Manufacturer, and MARMADUKE MILLER, of Wollaton Street, Nottingham,
Gas Regulator Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING AND REGULATING THE
FLOW OF GAS" to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the more certain means of maintaining, by
the aid of self-acting apparatus, the uniform level of the water in the water
chambers of gas meters, and of apparatus for regulating the flow of gas.
For this purpose the water chamber of a gas meter communicates with another
vessel or chamber above containing water, by means of a pipe having a stop-
cock; this pipe passes from below the level of the water line in the water
chamber into the lower part of the reservoir; and there is another pipe, one

page_text: end of which passes from. just below the water line in the water chamber
into the upper part of the reservoir, and: there is a waste pipe in the water
chamber, as is usually employed. When the water line in the water chamber
falls below its proper level, by evaporation or leakage, the mouth of the pipe
leading to the top of the reservoir will be left unsealed, and the gas will pass
up through it into the reservoir, and a quantity of water will be allowed to
flow from the reservoir into the water-chamber.by the other connecting pipe,
and will again seal up the pipe which communicates with the upper part of
the reservoir, and by this means one uniform level will be maintained in the
water chamber; and the same result will be obtained in respect to gas-
regulating apparatus, where the valve which regulates the flow of the gas is
controlled by a vessel floating in a water chamber, similar means being
employed to maintain one uniform-level in the water chamber.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTING OUT PARTS OF GARMENTS OR ARTICLES OF DRESS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Francis at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th June 1855.
I, HENRY FRANCIS, of 456, West Strand, do hereby declare the nature of
the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTING OUT PARTS OF GARMENTS OR
ARTICLES OF DRESS" to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements by which many pieces of
fabric may be held and cut through with greater facility and correctness than
by the means heretofore practised. For this purpose, pressers or templates of
the forms, or having the outlines of the intended pieces of fabric which are
desired to be cut, are first made with true and upright edges. These pressers
or templates may be made of wood, metal, or other suitable material, and they
should be of considerable thickness, in order by their upright sides to aid in
guiding the cutting tools. The fabric or fabrics to be cut are spread out on a
table or suitable surface in numerous layers, one on the other, so as to offer a
considerable thickness to be cut through. On to such layers of fabric or
fabrics one or more of the pressers or templates is or are to be placed, and, by
a screw or other form of press, such pressers or templates are to be pressed-
so as to compress the numerous layers of fabric or fabrics very tightly together.

page_text: The workman then by a cutter, which is guided by the presser or pressers, cuts
through the several thicknesses of fabric. In constructing the screw or other
presses used for these purposes, it is desirable to have the arms or parts which
carry the screws or other instruments of pressure moveable on axes or other-
wise, so as at different times to admit of the pressure being exerted at different
parts of the tables or surfaces.on which the fabrics-to-be-cut are spread.
A NEW MACHINE FOR CLEANING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Smith at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th May 1855.
_ A communication.
I, WILLIAM SMITH, of No. 10, Salisbury St., Adelphi, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW
MACHINE FOR CLEANING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS;" that it is a
communication from Mons' Edmond Neven, of Malaunay, in the Empire
of France, to be as follows:-
It consists of a combination of beaters and brushes with a spiral fan for
extracting the dust and other impurities from the material treated; as also in
the peculiar disposition of partitions and moveable screens for seperating the
dust from the fibrous waste, which may be applied to other
purposes.
The chief improvements lie in a combination of pricks and brushes, which
open the cotton so well as to cause the whole dust and detritus, like small
leaves, &c., to be easily seperated and drawn away by the action of the fan
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Smith at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th May 1855.
- A communication.
I, WILLIAM SMITH, of No. 10, Salisbury St., Adelphi, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW
MACHINE FOR CLEANING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS;" that it is a
communication from Mons Edmond Neven, of Malaunay, in the Empire
of France, to be as follows:-
It consists of a combination of beaters and brushes with a spiral fan for
extracting the dust and other impurities from the material treated; as also in
the peculiar disposition of partitions and moveable screens for seperating the
dust from the fibrous waste, which may be applied to other purposes.
The chief improvements lie in a combination of pricks and brushes, which
open the cotton so well as to cause the whole dust and detritus, like small
leaves, &c., to be easily seperated and drawn away by the action of the fan
adapted to the apparatus. This fan
does not act directly upon the grate,
but through a double envelope A
and B; A receiving the particles of
fibrous matter scraped off by the
action of the brushes and pricks, and
B only the leaves, bits of ligneous
matter, and other impurities, where
The DRAWINGS left with the Provisional
Specification are not coloured.

page_text: the fan again through the hole c drives away the only light dust that can get
off, on account of its smaller density.
This system is founded upon the principle of the various densities of the
fibres, the leaves, and the dust thus arrested partly, and partly drawn out
successively as they go on. In order to regu-
late the draft according to the quality and degree
of cleanness of the matter, the bars of the cir-
cular screen are made to swing on their axles,
so as to effect various positions different from the
line of the radius, so as at last to diminish or
shut entirely the space between them.