Improvements in and relating to Clipping Machines for Wool or Hair.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Appl cation, 4th Sept., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 4th June, 1896-Accepted, 15th Aug., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Clipping Machines for Wool
or Hair.
We, THOMAS ALFRED JUDGE, of 84 Mushroom Lane, City of Sheffield, Machinist,
and JOSEPH ALBERT HILL, of Hastings Road, Millhouses near Sheffield, in the County
of York, Commercial Traveller, do hereby declare the nature of our invention to be
as follows:-
This invention has for its object to simplify the construction, and to render the
machine more perfect.
It applies more particularly to the driving gear, the flexible shaft, the eccentric
action for driving cutter, the comb supporter, the tangintial joint, and the tension of
such machines.
It is usual to drive these machines through a pair of friction wheels, the large one
being on the main shaft, and the small one being upon a short spindle which is
hollow and is provided with a lubricator and to which the flexible shaft is attached.
In order to separate the two wheels so that the machine can be readily started and
as readily stopped, we carry the spindle of the small cone on a jointed hanger
attached to the bracket which carries the main shaft.
This jointed bracket can be turned upon its adjustable centres so that the small
cone can be drawn from, or pressed against the friction wheel by a lever as desired.
The cone spindle is supported and revolves in bearings both above and below the
cone.
The class of clipper to which our invention refers may be briefly described as
being driven by a flexible shaft attached to a spindle carried by a removable part
joined to the machine, the power being transmitted through the said joint by a pair
of toothed bevel wheels.
The part which is held in the hand carries the reciprocating cutter working upon a
comb.
The two parts of the clipper joined together, must be constructed so that they can
be readily separated, and propose for this purpose to use short removable joint pins
provided with heads and which can be readily placed in the joint holes, these are
held in position by means of flat steel hooks which turn laterally upon their pivots,
into a small groove under the head of the joint pins, and the hooks are retained by
a small catch pin which engages with a hole in the hook. The elasticity of the hook
allows it to be sprung off the catch pin and turned back when desired.
The reciprocating action consists of a disc, with a revolving ball upon the eccentric
pin, the ball works in a tubular hollow in the front part of a pivotted arm, having
its axis at some distance from the back of the disc, and on the front side of the
tubular bearing is a short circular screwthreaded nozzle which receives a swivelling
cutter-holder.
To resist the upward pressure put upon the cntter-holder at all points of its
reciprocating movement, we use a segmental plate, held at its back end upon the
central joint pin, and having at the forward end two or more antifriction balls held
in long segmental slots, these balls travel upon a short path made upon the top of
the pivotted arm which is also arranged to prevent the balls from passing beyond the
ends of the path.

page_text: The method of holding the comb, and putting on the so called tension or pressure
of the comb against the cutter is as follows:
The comb holder is a plate with a backwardly projecting arm, which is pivottei to
the underside casing so that downward pressure applied to the end of the arm will
raise the plate.
The comb is held upon the plate by lugs entering the usual slots in the comb, and
short pins upon an adjusting arm which also enter corresponding holes.
The shank or arm is grooved longitudinally to receive a regulating arm which can
be moved therein to adjust the position of the comb in relation to the cutter.
This arm is retained in any position by means of some fine teeth upon it, which
engage with corresponding indentations upon the arm of the comb holder.
The back end of the arm of comb holder engages with a circular incline formed
upon the tension-socket. The socket or bush forms a mid-section of the handles, so
that it can be gripped and turned by the hand.
In the front part of the socket I fix an annular cam having an outside inclined
face or snail which engages with a groove formed upon the arm of the comb-holder,
so that on turning the socket the edge of the cam will act upon and press down the
arm, to put tension upon the cutter.
At the back of the said cam I form a circle of teeth, and a spring catch suitably
secured at one end, is provided with teeth to engage with those of the cam, and so
retain it in the desired position.
A stud projects through the casing by which the spring can be released from the
cam to enable it to be turned.
I propose to provide for breakages of the flexible shafting, in the following manner.
I roll or draw the material from which the shaft is to be made with a V shaped inner
face so that when it is coiled, the V will form a screw thread (or internal screw) the
whole length of shaft; thus when a shaft is fractured it will only be necessary to
grind or otherwise square the broken ends, and screw each part upon a short plug
having a corresponding thread.
The flexible shafting attachable to a short vertical shaft on which the small driving
cone is fixed.
The end of this shaft runs against a coned point which forms the lubricator and
supplies the lubricant through a central hole, from which it passes through the tubular
shaft to the bearings.
ROBT. F. DRURY, C.P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicants.
Improvements in and relating to Clipping Machines for Wool'
or Hair.
{
We THOMAS ALFRED JUDGE of 84 Mushroom Lane City of Sheffield, Machinist,
and JOSEPH ALBERT HILL of Hastings Road, Millhouses near Sheffield in the County
of York, Commercial Traveller, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same has to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention applies. more particularly to the driving gear mechanism; the
flexible driving shaft; the crank mechanism for driving the cutter; the comb
supporter; the tangential joint, and the method of putting pressure 'upon the cutter
and the comb.
The improvements are illustrated in the annexed sheets of drawings, like figures
of reference indicating like parts throughout.
Fig. 1, is a longitudinal section of the clipper.
***
'

page_text: Fig. 2; the Sleeve Dearing for the cHATIK STATE.
Fig. 6, two views of the T lever for holding comb.
Fig. 7, two views of the comb lever.
Fig. 8, forked lever for actuating the cutter.
Fig. 9. edge or side view of same.
Fig. 10, side elevation of driving gear.
Fig. 11, front elevation of same.
Fig. 12, spring and pin for securing tangential joint.
Fig. 13, a piece of the flexible shafting, part shown in section to exhibit the internal
thread.
Fig. 14, a cam hereinafter described.
The class of clipper to which our invention refers may be briefly described as being
driven by a flexible shaft attached to a spindle carried by a detachable part of the
clipper, the power being transmitted through an adjustable joint by means of a pair
of bevel wheels, while the part which is held in the hand carries the reciprocating
cutter and the comb.
The detachable part 1, must be constructed so that it can be readily removed from
the part 2, and to accomplish this we use short removable joint pins 3, provided with
heads, see Figs. 1 and 12, under which is an annular recess 31, and upon the part 1,
are fixed spring hooks 4. Figs. 1 and 12, which can be turned upon their pivots to
engage with the grooves 31, the hooks being retained by a small pin entering a
corresponding hole 4' in the look.
The elasticity of the hook permits it to be sprung off the catch pin when desired.
The reciprocating action consists of a disc 5 upon the end of the shaft 6, and having
a ball 7, upon its eccentric pin as shown, this ball works in a tubular bearing 8, in
the front portion of a pivotted arm 9, having its axis at some distance behind the
disc 5, the axis is on the plan of a "cup and ball" the cupped part 1, being preferably
in the arm 9, and the ball upon the body of the clipper see Fig. 1.
This permits an automatic adjustment of the arm 9, from any cause.
Upon the front part of the said arm, is a short screwthreaded nozzle 11, upon
which we screw a swivelling cutter holder 12, seen in Figs. 1, 2, & 8.
To resist the upward pressure put upon the cutter holder 12, at all points of its
reciprocating movement, we form a single or divided undercut path 13, in the upper
face of the arm 9, to contain antifriction balls 14, with a sidemoving spring 15, which
closes the entrance to the groove or grooves 13, and upon the casing 16, we fix a
hardened path 17, both paths being segmental.
The method of bolding the comb and putting on the tension or pressure between
the cutter and the comb is as follows: The comb holder is a plate 18, with a
backwardly extending arm 19, which is pivotted by its axes 20, to the underside
casing in such a manner that downward pressure applied to the rear of the arm 19,
will raise the plate 18.
The comb 21, is held upon the plate 15, by means of a T shaped lever 22, see
Fig. 6, provided with tapered pins 23, which enter corresponding holes 24, in the
upper face of the comb, Fig. 3. The shank of 22, is provided with teeth or
threads 25, which engage with recesses 26, formed in the arm 19, of the comb
holder, see Fig. 7, and through this arm is a longitudinal slot 27, through which from
the outside, the T lever 22, can be raised out of the indentations or recesses 26, and
moved backwards or forwards so as to regulate the position of the comb relatively to
the cutter 28.
The back end of the comb holder arm 19, is in contact with a circular inclined
surface 29, Figs. 1 & 14 formed upon the inside of the front portion of the casing 30,
this incline or cam when turned round acts upon the end of the arm 19, pressing it
down and thus forcing the comb against the cutter, or releasing it according to the
direction in which it is turned.

page_text: In order to retain the cam or inclined face 29, in any position, a series of teeth,
or a circular rack 31, are made at the back see Figs. 1 and 2, and a spring pawl
or patch 32, which can be operated from the outside engages automatically with the
said teeth and can be released by pressure upon the exposed end seen in Fig. 2.
A flat spring 33, presses upon the comb lever to prevent any shake or displacement
of the same.
It is usual to construct the driving gear with a friction wheel and pinion, and to
connect the flexible shaft to the pinion spindle, and we use these friction wheels
supported by a bracket and suitable bearings which are illustrated in Figs. 10 & 11.
The wall bracket is marked 34, the friction wheel 35, the pinion 36.
In order to stop and start the clipper it is usual to draw the friction wheels 35 &
36 apart, and to accomplish this we mount the pinion 36, and its spindle upon a
swinging bracket or arm 37, which also carries a hand lever 38, having two rollers
at its upper end arranged to engage with and pass between converging faces 39, and
40, as the lever is moved, and as 39 is fixed, the bracket 37 is caused to swing
back upon its axis 41, and draw the cone pinion 36 out of contact with the wheel 35.
A spring 42, having an adjusting screw 46 returns it to its normal position and
puts on any desired amount of pressure.
We lubricate the lower bearing 43, from the oilcup 44, by means of one or more
passages through the steel centre 45, a vertical passage through the axle or spindle
to the depth of the bearing 43, and one or more outlets for the oil to the bearing.
The flexible metallic shafting we make from material having its inside face of
angular form either projecting which we prefer, or V shaped, so that when coiled
there will be formed throughout its entire length in its interior a screwthread
corresponding with the pitch of the coil, or a double ridge may be formed upon
the material when a finer screw is desired. Thus if a breakage occurs all that is
necessary is to square the broken ends and screw each part of the broken shaft
upon a short plug screwed to correspond, see Fig. 13.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we wish it to be clearly understood
that we make no claim to the use of bevel wheels at the tangential joint of parts 1
and 2, nor to the comb, the cutter, the shaft with disc and ball, nor to the
antifriction balls, as we are aware that these devices have already been used, but
we declare that what we claim is :
1. In driving gear for sheep clipping machines the mechanism for stopping and
starting same consisting of a lever provided with rollers at its upper end which work
or are moved between a swinging bracket carrying the cone, and an inclined facing,
so as to force the two coned wheels apart, as hereinbefore described and shown.
2. The combination and use with the swinging bracket (which carries the small
coned wheel, in the mechanism described in the foregoing claim) of a friction spring
with an adjusting screw acting upon the swinging bracket as herein before described
and set forth.
3. In driving gear for she. p clipping machines the method of lubricating the lower
bearing of the small cone wheel from the oil cup, through its pointed steel centre, and
hollow vertical shaft as hereinbefore described.
4. For driving sheep clippers a coiled Hexible metallic shaft having a continuous
internal screw thread throughout its entire length constructed in the manner
herein before described.
5. In a sheep clipping machine the method of securing the tangential joint pins
in position as hereinbefore described and shown.
6. In sheep clipping machines the means for putting on pressure between the
comb and the cutter, consisting of a pivotted lever supporting the comb at the front
end, and engaging at its rear end with the face of a circular incline or cam, capable
of being rotated by hand, and also provided with a series of teeth at the back by
means of which and a spring pawl operated from the outside of casing, the can can
be held in any desired position, as described and substantially as shown.

page_text: 7. In sheep clipping machines, holding the comb to the pivotted lever by means
of a T shaped lever shown in Fig. 6, constructed and acting as herein before described
and shown.
8. In sheep clipping machines, the vibrating lever for operating the cutter, pivotted
in the rear of the crank upon a "cup and ball" joint or bearing, and having a
segmental path for antifriction balls, constructed as hereinbefore described and
substantially as shown.
9. In sheep clipping machines the combination with a vibrating cutter-arm or lever,
of a cutter-holder provided with a socket and screwed upon a correspondingly
screwed nozzle projecting from the cutter-arm, in such a manner as to permit of self
adjustment, as hereinbefore described and shown.
ROBT. F. DRURY,
Agent for Applicants