Improvements in the Manufacture of Gas for Lighting, Heating, and Motive Power Purposes, and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 11th June, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 11th Mar., 1898-Accepted, 7th May, 1898
Improvements in the Manufacture of Gas for Lighting, Heating,
and Motive Power Purposes, and in Apparatus therefor.
I, CHARLES M JOHNSON, of No. 22, Laurence Pountney Lane, in the City of
London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
My invention relates to improvements in and apparatus for the manufacture of
gas or vapour from for instance hydrocarbons for lighting heating and motive
power purposes.
According to my invention I utilize the heat from any convenient source, such
as from the exhaust of an engine, a fire, lamp or burner and I apply the heat
therefrom to heat a water jacket below, in, or all round some oil or the like in a
suitable container or carburettor. Or the water and oil may be together in the
carburettor, the difference in the specific gravities of the water and the oil causing
them to be separate and in layers, so that the source of heat cannot come into
direct contact with the oil because of the water interposed.
The oil reservoir may conveniently be connected to the carburettor by means
of a pipe and the said reservoir may be at a suitable height above the carburettor
so that the oil will flow into same by gravity, it being evident that some suitable
means such as a ball cock or its equivalent is employed to cut off the supply from
the reservoir when the desired level in the carburettor has been attained and where
water and oil are vaporised together there is also made provision for a suitable
regulated supply of water. The carburettor may be provided with an air supply
for making the explosive mixture in the case where the water and oil are not
vapourized together and if the carburettor be used for motive power purposes, the
motor may conveniently draw its supply of air through the carburettor and thus
make its own explosive charge but if the gas be intended to be used for other
purposes it will be drawn or carried off by a pipe for use directly for storage in
any convenient manner. In order to dispense with valves and yet to always retain
the proper level of oil in the carburettor the reservoir is enclosed and connected to
the carburettor by two pipes hereinafter called the air and oil pipes respectively.
The air pipe is at one end connected to the reservoir above the level of the oil
therein and at the other end is connected to the carburettor at or just above the
desired level of the oil in the carburettor while the oil pipe is connected in the
ordinary way from at or near the bottom of the reservoir to the carburettor. By
this construction it is evident that if the level of the oil in the carburettor should
cover the hole of the air pipe, the oil in the reservoir will be prevented from
flowing into the carburettor until the level of the oil has been again lowered.
Dated this Eleventh day of June 1897

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Gas for Lighting, Heating,
and Motive Power Purposes, and in Apparatus therefor.
I, CHARLES M JOHNSON, of No. 22, Laurence Pountney Lane, in the City of
London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in and apparatus for the manufacture of
gas or vapour from, for instance, hydro-carbons for lighting, heating and motive
power purposes.
such
According to my invention I utilize the heat from any convenient source,
as for instance from the exhaust of an engine, a fire, lamp or burner and I apply
the heat therefrom to heat a jacket containing water or other suitable fluid below,
in or all round some oil or the like in a suitable container or carburettor. Or the
water and oil may be together in the carburettor, the difference in the specific
gravities of the water and of the oil causing them to be separate and in layers, so
that the source of heat cannot come into direct contact with the oil because of the
water interposed.
Figure 1 of the accompanying sheet of drawings is a sectional diagram of an
apparatus for the manufacture of gas constructed according to my invention, in
which the heat of the exhaust from a gas or oil engine for instance is used to
vaporise the oil or the like.
Figure 2 is a sectional diagram of an apparatus in which the heat of the water
used to circulate through the jacket of the cylinder of a gas or oil engine is used
to vaporise the oil.
Figure 3 is a sectional diagram of an apparatus in which the heat from the
flame of a lamp is used to heat a layer of water below the oil to produce the
explosive mixture, and,
Figure is a similar view of an apparatus in which hot water is made to cir-
culate through a jacket surrounding the vaporizing chamber and in which the
proper supply of oil to the vaporising chamber is maintained without the use of
any valve.
Referring to Figure 1 it will be seen that the exhaust from an explosive engine
of any suitable construction passes by a coiled or straight pipe A through an air
or water jacket B of a vaporising chamber C and the heat from the exhaust gases
heats the jacket and the latter heats the vaporising chamber sufficient to vaporize
the oil or the like therein. If water be used in the jacket B, I provide for instance
a water tank B¹ communicating with the jacket by means of pipes B³ and B³.
The oil reservoir D may conveniently be connected to the carburettor by means
of a pipe E and the said reservoir may be at a suitable height above the carburettor
so that the oil will flow into same by gravity it being evident that some means
such as a ball cock F or its equivalent is employed to cut off the supply from the
reservoir when the desired level in the vaporising chamber C has been attained.
The vaporising chamber is suitably supplied with air for making the explosive
mixture by means of an air pipe G having a non-return valve H therein to prevent
the escape of the vapour if the carburettor be used for motive power purposes,
the motor thus drawing its supply of air by means of the outlet pipe I through the
carburettor as shewn. If however the gas be intended to be used for other pur-
poses it will be drawn or carried off by the pipe I for use directly or for storage in

page_text: any convenient manner and the air inlet pipe G may or may not be dispensed
with all according to circumstances:
In Figure 2 E is the oil inlet, G the air inlet, and' hot water enters the jacket B
by means of a pipe B and leaves the jacket by the pipe B³ when it has given up
the heat necessary for vaporising the oil in the vaporising chamber C which vapour
passes off by the pipe I and when the carburettor is used for motive power pur-
poses and especially for motors driving motor cars or the like the water used for
keeping the cylinders of the engine cool may conveniently be used for heating
the vaporising chamber. Further it should be noted that by using hot water to
vaporize the oil or the like an element of safety is introduced which is absent when
that part of the vaporizing chamber in contact with the oil is directly heated by
the flame of a lamp or the like.
Figure 3 represents an apparatus in which I utilize say the flame of a lamp K
ta heat water and oil together in the carburettor, the difference in the specific
gravities of the water and the oil causing them to be separate and in layers so
that the source of heat cannot come into direct contact with the oil. Oil is sup-
plied by the pipe E and water by the pipe B and there may be a gauge glass or
the like to show the attendant the levels of the two liquids in order that neither
too much nor too little of either liquid is supplied to the carburettor C, and suit-
able provision is preferably made for proper regulated supplies of both the oil and
the water. The gaseous or explosive mixture resulting from the vaporisation of
the oil and water passes off by the outlet pipe I.
As shown in Figure 4 I am enabled to dispense with valves and yet always
retain the proper level of oil in the vaporising chamber C of the carburettor by
making the reservoir D enclosed and connecting it to the vaporising chamber C
by two pipes one of which I call the air pipe G¹ and the other the oil pipe E.
The air pipe G¹ is at one end connected to the reservoir above the level of the oil
therein and at the other end it is connected to the vaporising chamber C at or
just above the desired level of the oil in the same, while the oil pipe G¹ is con-
nected in the ordinary way from at or near the bottom of the reservoir to the
vaporising chamber. Air is supplied to the vaporising chamber in the present
instance at every suction stroke of the engine by means of an air pipe G provided
with a non-return valve H. Oil is supplied when required to the reservoir by an
opening I closed by a cock or valve. The vaporising chamber is heated by a
water coil B having an inlet pipe 1ª and an outlet pipe B³ or in any other con-
venient manner and the explosive mixture passes off by the pipe I. By this con-
struction it is evident that if the oil in the vaporising chamber C should cover the
hole of the air pipe G¹, the oil in the reservoir will be prevented from flowing
into the vaporising chamber, but when the level of the oil is below the opening
to the pipe G¹ oil will flow down the pipe E until the said opening to the pipe G₁
is again covered.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The manufacture of gas for lighting, heating and motive power purposes
consisting in vaporising oil by means of hot water substantially as set forth.
2. The manufacture of gas for lighting, heating and motive power purposes con-
sisting in heating a vaporising chamber by means of a jacket substantially as
set forth.
3. The manufacture of gas for lighting, heating and motive power purposes
consisting in heating a vaporising chamber containing a layer of water and a layer
of oil or the like substantially as set forth.
4. Apparatus for the manufacture of gas for lighting, heating and motive power
purposes consisting of a jacket or coil below in or all round a vaporising chamber
substantially as set forth.
5. Apparatus for the manufacture of gas for lighting, heating and motive power

page_text: purposes consisting of a vaporising chamber containing a layer of water and a
layer of oil or the like substantially as set forth.
6. Apparatus for the manufacture of gas for lighting, heating and motive power
purposes consisting of a hot water jacket B heated by means of the exhaust pipe A
from an engine and a vaporising chamber C substantially as described with
reference to Figure 1.
7. Apparatus for the manufacture of gas for lighting, heating and motive power
purposes consisting of a water jacket B supplied with hot water from the cooling
jacket of an engine and a vaporising chamber C substantially as described with
reference to Figure 2.
8. Apparatus for the manufacture of gas for lighting heating and motive power
purposes consisting of a vaporising chamber C for containing a layer of water and
a layer of oil or the like heated by a lamp or the like substantially as described
with reference to Figure 3.
9. In apparatus for the manufacture of gas for lighting, heating and motive
power purposes the utilisation of an automatic feeding apparatus without the use
of valves consisting of an enclosed tank or reservoir above the level of the vaporis-
ing chamber and connected thereto by two pipes E and G¹ and means for supplying
the vaporising chamber with air substantially as described with reference to
Fig. 4.
10. Apparatus for the manufacture of gas for lighting, heating and motive
power purposes consisting of a coil B supplied with hot water from the cooling
jacket of an engine, a vaporising chamber substantially as described with refer-
ence to Figure 4.
11. The constructions of annaratus shown on the drawing.
enth day of March 1898.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.