IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARPETS AND OTHER PILED FABRICS
Year: 1853

page_text: Leicester, 10
UITC
the County of Surrey, and umes LLODSon, or
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARPETS AND
OTHER PILED FABRICS."
Scaled the 19th August 1853, and dated the 11th June 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Christopher Nickels
and James Hobson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 11th June 1853.
WC, CHRISTOPHER NICKELS, of the Albany Road, in the County of
Surrey, and JAMES HOBSON, of Leicester, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
CARPETS AND OTHER PILED FABRICS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacturing carpets and other piled
fabrics made by machinery where warp threads are looped into each
other. Heretofore, when wires or rods have been used in making the
pile on such fabrics, they have been moved across from selvage to
selvage of the fabrics, which movement occupies more or less time,
according as the fabrics are wide or narrow. Now this Invention

page_text: consists of causing the wires or rods to be placed across the machine in
a suitable holder, and such holder or apparatus delivers or drops a wire
extending across the fabric to the warp threads cach time a wire or rod
is to be introduced, in place of causing each wire to be introduced at
the edge or selvage, and to be moved across the warp, as heretofore.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Christopher Nickels and James Hobson in the
Great Seal Patent Office, on the 10th December 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
CHRISTOPHER NICKELS, of the Albany Road, in the County of Surrey,
and JAMES HOBSON, of Leicester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Christopher Nickels and James Hobson,
Her special licence that we, the said Christopher Nickels and James
Hobson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said Christopher Nickels and James Hobson, our executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Chan-
nel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF CARPETS AND OTHER PILED FABRICS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said Christopher Nickels and
James Hobson, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals,
or under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Christopher Nickels and James
Hobson, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is
to say:
This Invention relates to the manufacturing carpets and other piled
fabrics made by machinery where warp threads are looped into each
other. Heretofore, when wires or rods have been used in making the
pile on such fabrics, they have been moved across from selvage to
selvage of the fabrics, which movement occupies more or less time,
Now this Invention
according as the fabrics are wide or narrow.
consists of causing the wires or rods to be placed across the machine
in a suitable holder, and such holder or apparatus delivers or drops a
wire extending across the fabric on to the warp threads each time a
wire or rod is to be introduced, in place of causing each wire to be
introduced at the edge or selvage, and to be moved across the warp, as
heretofore.
And in order that our Invention may be more fully understood, and
readily carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the means
pursued by us.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The Drawings show various views of a warp machine suitably
arranged for the manufacture of piled fabrics according to our Invenion,
and as the nature of each of the views is written thereon it will not
be necessary to repeat the same here. The construction and manner
of working of warp machinery being well understood, it will not be
necessary to describe the same further than is requisite for pointing
out the arrangement of apparatus for introducing wires when making
piled fabrics in this class of machinery. A, and B, are two ordinary
guide bars; the guide bar A, carries a set of guides which loop their
warp threads over the needles to produce the ground of the fabric, and
the guide bar B, carries a set of guides which loop their warp threads
over the wire previously introduced to form the terry loops for the pile
surface. C, is another guide bar, which carries a set of stationary
The Drawings show
arranged for the manufacture of piled fabrics according to our Invenion,
and as the nature of each of the views is written thereon it will not
be necessary to repeat the same here. The construction and manner
of working of warp machinery being well understood, it will not be
necessary to describe the same further than is requisite for pointing
out the arrangement of apparatus for introducing wires when making
piled fabrics in this class of machinery. A, and B, are two ordinary
guide bars; the guide bar A, carries a set of guides which loop their
warp threads over the needles to produce the ground of the fabric, and
the guide bar B, carries a set of guides which loop their warp threads
over the wire previously introduced to form the terry loops for the pile
surface. C, is another guide bar, which carries a set of stationary

page_text: warp threads to give substance to the fabric when required. D, and E
are weft guides, which carry their weft threads from selvage to selvage,
in opposite directions, to lay the threads at the front and back of the
stationary warp threads carried by the guides C. The apparatus for
giving motion to the several guide bars and weft guides being clearly
shewn in the Drawings, it will not be necessary to give a more
particular description thereof, as they form no part of our present
improvements, and have been before described in the Specification of a
Patent previously granted to one of us (Christopher Nickels) and
Frederick Thornton. The apparatus by means of which a wire or rod
for making the pile is dropped or delivered from the wire holder
between the warp threads each time a wire is to be introduced, in place
of causing each wire to be introduced at the selvage, and moved across
the warp, as heretofore practised, is as follows:-a, a, are the rods or
wires for forming the pile; they are contained in the holder b, which
extends across the front of the machine, and is supported by the end
framing as shown. b, is a grooved roller turning in bearings at cach
end of the machine; the wires are received in succession by the grooves
in the roller b', carried partially round and dropped on to arms c',
carried by the bar c. Motion is communicated to the roller , in the
following manner: d, is the crank axis for giving motion to the
machine by hand or other power; b, is a bevil pinion fixed on the
axis d, which takes into and drives the bevil toothed wheel b³, fixed to
the axis, supported by brackets on the end framing as shown;, is
another bevil toothed wheel fixed on the axis 6, which takes into and
drives the bevil toothed wheel &, fixed on the axis of the grooved
roller ; a wire having been received on to the arms c', is supported
thereon, and moved slowly between the guide bars A, and B, to be
delivered on to the pile warp thread in the following manner: c², is a
cam fixed on to the cam shaft e, which acts on a truck carried by
the lever c', which gives motion to the spindle bar c', by connecting
links c, affixed to lever arms c, the upper ends of which support
the axes of the bar c, and arnis c', and by this means the wire is moved
into the position shown in one of the sections (shown by the Drawings)
of some of the parts full size. The wire is then taken by the

page_text: f",
points f, carried by the point bar f, and delivered on to the pile warp
to have the pile threads lapped over the needles, so as to produce a piled
fabric; the point bar f, receives a to and fro motion from a cam
fixed on the cam shaft e, acting against a truck carried by the lever f",
which is connected by a link f, to the lever arm f, by which the point
bar f, is supported; the lever arms f, moving on axes carried by lever
arms f, aflixed to the spindle bar f, and an up and down movement is
given to the point bar f, by a cam f, acting on a truck or roller
carried by the lever arm f, fixed on the spindle bar f, all which will
be readily understood on examining the Drawings. By these means
wires or rods may be introduced transversely of the fabric whilst being
produced, or transversely of a series of fabrics when the machine is
making breadths. The wires or rods thus introduced may be cut out,
as when making velvet, or they may be drawn out.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, we would have it understood that we do not
confine ourselves to the details, neither do we claim any of the parts
separately. But what we claim is, the manufacture of warp or looped
fabrics by introducing wires or rods (to produce piled surfaces) trans-
versely of the warp, in place of introducing them at one selvage, and
moving them across the fabric, as heretofore.
In witness whereof, we, the said Christopher Nickels and James
Hobson, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Tenth day
of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-three.
Witness,
WILLIAM TONGUE.
CHRISTOPHER NICKELS. (L.S.)
JAMES HOBSON.
(L.S.)