IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SMOKING PIPES AND CIGAR TUBES, AND PREPARING, WASHING, COATING, COVERING, OR OTHERWISE IMPREGNATING THEM WITH AROMATIC SUB- STANCES IN A SOLID, LIQUID, OR AERIFORM STATE
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Michael Hyams, of 55, Bath Street, City Road, in
the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF SMOKING PIPES AND CIGAR TUBES, AND PREPARING, WASHING,
COATING, COVERING, OR OTHERWISE IMPREGNATING THEM WITH AROMATIC SUB-
STANCES IN A SOLID, LIQUID, OR AERIFORM STATE."
Sealed the 18th February 1862, and dated the 24th August 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Michael Hyams at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
August 1861.
I, MICHAEL HYAMS, of 55, Bath Street, City Road, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SMOKING PIPES AND CIGAR TUBES, AND PREPARING,
WASHING, COATING, COVERING, OR OTHERWISE IMPREGNATING THEM WITH AROMATIC
SUBSTANCES IN A SOLID, LIQUID, OR AERIFORM STATE," to be as follows:-
I mix one or more of the following articles, in substance or solution, with
ordinary pipe clay and water, viz., common salt, carbonate of soda, oxide of
iron, or any other alkaline or non-alkaline salt or salts (except carbonate of
magnesia and silicate of soda only), and treacle, honey, sugar, or other
saccharine matter. When the clay is well mixed, pipes will be moulded
therefrom in the ordinary manner of making clay pipes; they will afterwards
be baked or fired according to the usual manner of baking or burning clay

page_text: pipes; I then rub the manufactured pipes with sand or glass paper to take
off the glazed surface; I then boil them in a strong infusion or solution of
mixed spices, cascarilla, bark, vanilla, and other aromatic ingredients; I then
lay the pipes to dry; I then take the ordinary wash or other varnish or
varnishes now in use, and mix with the said wash or varnishes perfumed and
aromatic oils or essences, or both, to impart aroma to the said wash or varnishes,
after which I wash, rub, or brush the pipe over with some of the said aromatic
wash or varnish, or with aromatic oils or essences not so mixed with wash or
varnish. To impart an aromatic character to the pipes, I also use the said
aromatic processes herein described to wood and all other smoking pipes and
cigar tubes. The pipes will be much improved by the processes herein
explained, each of which I use separately or combined in the manufacture or
preparing smoking pipes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Michael Hyams in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd February 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MICHAEL
HYAMS, of 55, Bath Street, City Road, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by ПTer Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Ter heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Michael Hyams, Her special licence that I, the said Michael Hyams,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Michael Hyams, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF SMOKING PIPES AND CIGAR TUBES, AND PREPARING, WASHING,
COATING, COVERING, OR OTHERWISE IMPREGNATING THEM WITH AROMATIC SUBSTANCES
IN A SOLID, LIQUID, OR AERIFORM STATE," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Michael Hyams, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their bands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,

page_text: and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Michael Hyams, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thercof, that is to say:-
In order to produce improved pipes, I mix with ordinary pipe clay and
water one or more of the following agents, in substance or solution, that is to
say, common salt, carbonate of soda, oxyde of iron, treacle, honey, sugar, or
other saccharine matters, or alkaline or non-alkaline salts, except magnesia or
silicate of soda only. When the clay is well mixed with one or more of the
foregoing agents, I then mould the pipes in the ordinary manner of moulding
clay pipes, and afterwards bake or fire them according to the usual mode of
baking or burning clay pipes. I rub the manufactured pipes with sand or
glass paper when I wish to take off the glazed surface. In order to impart
aromatic qualities to the pipes, I boil the pipes in a strong solution or infusion
of mixed spices, cascarilla bark, vanilla, or other aromatic ingredients; I then-
lay the pipes out to dry, after which I sometimes take washes or varnishes now
known or in use, and mix with them perfumed or aromatic oils or essences, or
both, to impart aroma to the said washes or varnishes (or render them
aromatic), and I wash, rub, or. brush the pipes with the said aromatic washes
or varnishes, or with aromatic oils or essences not so mixed with wash or
varnish, whereby I impart an aromatic character to the pipes; I also apply
the said aromatic processes herein described (or modes of imparting aroma te
pipes) to wood and other smoking pipes, and also to cigar tubes. The pipes
will be much improved by the processes herein set forth.
I wish it to be understood that I sometimes use each or any of these
processes (that is the combining or treating with improving and aromatic
agents) separately, or any two or more of them combined, in the manufacture
or preparing of smoking pipes.
And in order that the nature and mode of performance of my said Invention
may be well understood, I will now proceed to describe the best mode known
to me of carrying the same into effect.
In treating clay for the manufacture of pipes and cigar tubes, I mix the
pipe clay with one or more of the following agents or ingredients (that is to
say) if I wish to impart strength to the pipe, I take oxide of iron; or if
I wish to render the pipe sweet, I take honey, treacle, sugar, or other
saccharine substance (separately or combined); or if I wish to get a glaze on

page_text: the pipe, take common salt, called chemically chloride of sodium, with or
without alkaline or non-alkalino salts; and when I wish to purify the clay,
I take carbonate of soda; or when I wish to purify or otherwise improve the
pipe, I take alkaline or non-alkaline salts, excepting carbonate of magnesia
and silicate of soda; or when I wish to obtain two or more of these results,
I use two or more of such agents accordingly. I employ the said ingredient
or ingredients, in solid substance or in solution, and mix it or them with the
pipe clay and water intimately and thoroughly in order to diffuse the agent as
equally as possible in the body or mass of the clay. I then proceed, in the
usual manner, to mould the pipe or cigar tube from the clay so treated or
When
prepared, and I bake, burn, or fire the same in the usual manner.
I wish to impart aroma or aromatic properties to the pipe or cigar tube,
whether prepared as just described or otherwise, I first rub the pipe or tube
with sand paper or glass paper to remove the glaze or outermost surface, and
I then boil the pipes or tubes in a strong solution or infusion of mixed spices,
cascarilla bark, vanilla, or other aromatic ingredients or agents; or I place
the pipes or tubes on a perforated metal tray or plate in a vessel containing a
boiling or highly heated aromatic infusion, the plate being placed above the
surface of the infusion contained in the vessel. The vessel is then carefully
covered, and the steam or aromatic vapour arising from the boiling infusion
condenses thoroughly on the pipes, whereby they become impregnated with the
aromatic agent in an aeriform condition; I then lay these out to dry. When
I wish to wash or varnish the pipes so prepared, I proceed tbus:-After they
are dry I take an ordinary known wash or varnish used for washing, conting,
or varnishing pipes, and I mix therewith aromatic oils or essences, or both, or
aromatic substances in powder to render them aromatic; I then wash, rub,
brush, coat, or cover the pipes or tubes with the said aromatic wash or varnish,
whereby I communicate a further aromatic character to the said pipes or
tubes. And this effect may be increased by treating the pipes or tubes so
washed or varnished with aromatic oils or essences by rubbing them therewith.
When I treat pipes or cigar tubes of wood or material other than clay, in
order to render the same aromatic, I proceed in a similar manner to that
before described; and I find it an advisable plan for preventing evaporation
after having treated pipes according to my Invention, to place wool saturated
with the aromatic infusion in the bowl of the pipe to increase the aromatic
eflect.
It is impossible to define the exact proportions of the agents to be added to
the clay, as they depend on the degree of effect to be produced; and (in
respect of the improving agents) on the nature and degree of absorbing

page_text: character of the clay. In preparing solutions for 1 lb. of clay, I sometimes use
to pint water 2 oz. of treacle, or 2 oz. of honey, or 2 oz. of carbonate of soda
(avoirdupois weight), or oz. oxide of iron, the solution being rendered thicker
if the clay is less absorbent; but these proportions may be varied. Salt may
be used in strong solution.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same may be performed, I wish it to be understood that I lay no
claim to the combination of magnesia, carbonate of magnesia, or silicate of
soda with pipe clay, being aware that the same has been already done; but
I declare that I claim,-
First, the employment in or combination with pipe clay preparatory to
moulding pipes or cigar tubes therefrom, of one or more of the following
agents, namely, oxide of iron, carbonate of soda, common salt, honey, treacle,
sugar, and other saccharine matters, and alkaline and non-alkaline salts,
excepting magnesia, carbonate of magnesia, and silicate of soda, as herein-
before described.
Second, the imparting of aroma or aromatic qualities to pipes and cigar
tubes, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Michael Hyams, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of February, in the year One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
M. HENRY, Patent Agent,
84, Fleet St.,
London.
MICHAEL HYAMS. (L.S.)