Improvements in Water Closets.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 27th May, 1889--Accepted, 24th Aug.,
1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Closets.
I JAMES BERESFORD of the firm of Beresford & Co. Eagle Works, Birmingham in
the county of Warwick Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object improvement in water closets and is specially
suited for such positions as railway carriages or other places where it is desirable in
case of stoppage to remove or renew the pan quickly which cannot be done at present
without a great deal of trouble as the joint k³ has to be broken as at present arranged
because the whole of the bottom part of the pan is made either a part of it or so united
to it as to be practically unchangeable. This is exceedingly awkward in case of a split
or damaged pan whether split from one cause or another. Now my invention enables
me to change the pan E in a very short space of time without interference with the
lower part or lid of the valve box K which carries the pan.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried into
practice I have appended hereunto a double sized sheet of drawings, upon which I
have illustrated those parts of a water closet to which my invention applies.
The particular mode of operating the closet forms no part of my invention as almost
any system of levers, or arrangement will apply neither do I confine myself to any par-
ticular material or metal as the parts may be made from either pottery metal, or other
suitable material. These drawings simply shew how the invention is applied so that
practical men may apply it under this and other forms, and in any material or design
when the principle is understood for which purpose I will explain the invention by
reference thereto.
Figure 1 is an elevation of the pan of a closet with the immediate connecting parts
shewn, the operating details being purposely omitted as they do not affect the principle
of my present invention.
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation on line C. D. shewing, the details of the junction of
the basin E with the valve box K.
Figure 3 is a part sectional plan through the basin E on the line A B shewing the
outer basin M.
Figure 4 is a broken off sectional elevation of the junction part on an enlarged scale
so as to make it still clearer.
Figure 5 is. a broken off sectional elevation of the same part as shewn by the
previous Figure 4 but as an alternative method of forming the junction as will be here-
after more fully explained and of which there may be further modifications without
departing from the principle of the invention.
Figure 6 is a broken off sectional elevation of an alternative plan of forming the
joint R.
I have before said that the old practice is to make the part k² or valve box lid
practically one with the basin E and therefore in every change of the basin in the joint k³
must be broken. Now according to my invention the basin E is formed so as to lift away
without disturbing any other part of the closets, as the removal of the bolts P entirely
liberate the basin where made according to the four first figures, upon the drawing,
but when made according to Figure 5 it is necessary to unscrew the joint S which
forms a part of the basin being fastened to it in the case of the basin being of pottery
for the screw may be made of pottery but I prefer the metal ferrule S. In the case of
a metal pan the screw thread S³ may be formed in the solid metal of the basin E.
the case of the four first figures the ferrule S is simply turned or fitted to drop into
the socket base N which forms part of the outer guard basin M and may be either
actually a solid part of M that is cast or made in one piece according to the material
In

page_text: from which it is made or fastened into it separately as shewn upon the drawings the
principle of construction being the same in both cases; that is to say:-The outer or
guard basin M and socket piece N are practically one being removeable by the
screws, m but the lid of the valve box K may likewise form one piece with or be
permanently fastened to M or if desired as it would practically hardly ever be required
to break the joint k or to remove the outer basin M. The socket Ñ or lower part M
of the outer basin is thus formed with a grove or similar recess, n¹ having per-
forations n at the bottom which allows any liquid which might under any
very exceptional conditions or strains pass through the joint R to drain back
into the valve box K. The junction ring R may be of any desired shape or of
any suitable material such for instance as India rubber which is the substance we
prefer. A round ring in two V-hollows would make an easy and effective joint as
shewn at Figure 6. The junction may also be made as a bayonet joint but generally
speaking the screws P would be quite sufficient to hold the pan though these may
be in some cases dispensed with and the screws as in Figure 5 made the only
means for securing the one to the other. Instead of the ears m having plain
holes they may be screw tapped & only one nut used as a lock and generally
three ears,
would be sufficient. The socket N is in the case shewn formed with the
ribs n² and n³ to form the annular chamber or drain groove but this
groove may be formed upon the lid K2 with the outer basin M made fast or one
piece with it and this would be done in wrought metal by either stamping or
spinning and the lugs n in that case might be substituted by a continuous flange
either spun or stamped.
The junction piece W is easily taken out by the couplings w¹ and w² or other
means of connection may be adopted. The operation of the valve in its valve
box K does not constitute any part of my invention. The outer basin M ensures
the closet against overflow as such would be conducted from the overflow spout e¹
directly into the space m formed by the outer basin M & so through the
holes into the box K. This outer basin is also a protection against any liquid
passing outside by very exceptional strain brought upon the joint S as for instance
in concussion of Railway carriages &c.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what I
claim is :-
The improvement in water closets by which the basin E is separate from the
part N and may be removed at any time without interference with the permanent
joints.
Dated this 25th day of MJV TAAG
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.