Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Dec, 1886
Complete Left, 3rd Sept., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 4th Oct., 1887.
I, JOHN AUGUSTINE KINGDON, of 29 Marlborough Hill, St. Johns Wood, in the
County of Middlesex, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows
:-
My invention relates to that class of dynamo electric machines which have both the
field, or primary and secondary or induced magnets fixed, the change of the direction
of magnetic lines being effected by the passage, preferably by rotation, of soft iron
inductors in close proximity to the poles of the primary and secondary magnets, thus
generating an electro-motive force in the conducting wire around the secondary
magnets.
My invention consists in the method of construction of the inductive parts, and
their method of application to any convenient rotating wheel or drum of any com-
mercial engine; to the construction of the primary and secondary magnets, and of the
inductors, to prevent the production of Foucault or eddy currents in the cores of the
primary and secondary inagnets or inductors; and in the general construction of
the machinery.
As it is of great commercial advantage to be able readily to apply my inductors to
the periphery of the fly wheel of any commercial engine or other similar pulley or
drum, I instruct my conductors in the form of successive bundles of soft iron plates,
preferably insulated from one another, held together by insulated bolts or similar
attachments and connected by non-magnetisable links, so as to form an endless chain
of inductors and links, the inductors being thus magnetically insulated from one
another, and also, by means of links or non-magnetisable packing, from the periphery
of the fly wheel of any commercial engine, or from any drum or axis from which they
obtain rotative movement. The laminating of the said inductors is employed to
prevent the generation of Foucault or eddy currents, and should be in planes parallel
to the motion of the lines of magnetic force. For the drum or fly wheel of any
commercial engine, I may substitute a framework of spokes of any convenient con-
struction. In some cases I may employ a series of tension spokes such as those used
in bicycle wheels for this purpose.

page_text: The cores of the primary and secondary magnets with their magnetic attachments are
conveniently formed of plates of soft iron, preferably insulated from one another, and pre-
ferably divided in planes parallel to the motion of the lines of magnetic force, and which
are convenient for being stamped into form, and of which the cores project towards the
rotating inductors, so as to be in close proximity to them. The length of the inductors
must be proportioned so as to magnetically connect adjacent poles of the said primary
and secondary magnets with each other. The primary magnet poles are magnetised
alternately north and south by an electrical current, which may be most conveniently
obtained from some external source, such as a battery or a continuous current dynamo
driven in some cases by an independent engine. The magnetising current may also
be obtained by commutating a portion of the alternating current generated by the
dynamo. As the inductors are carried round the intermediate or secondary poles,
they become by induction alternately north and south poles, according as they are
magnetically connected with a south or north primary magnetic pole for the moment.
Alternate currents are thus generated in the coils with which the secondary magnets
are wound. The field or primary magnets may be made separately from the secondary
magnets, both being fixed as before.
No commutator or sliding contacts are required at all upon the rotating portion of
the mechanism for the collection of the working current, thus making this form of
dynamo peculiarly applicable direct to the fly wheel of any commercial engine, the
working currents being collected from the fixed portion of the apparatus.
All insulated copper wire winding for the conveyance of electrical currents is
applied to the fixed part of the apparatus, thus avoiding the great tendency to
destruction of insulation common to all dynamos in which insulated copper wire is
caused to revolve at a high speed.
The chain of inductors may be readily applied by an adjusting screw or screws to
the periphery of a drum or wheel of any diameter. By direct application also to the
fly wheel of the engine great circumferential speed is attained with comparatively
slow rotation, the fixed magnets in some cases involving only a small portion of the
rotating periphery.
Such a dynamo may be used as an electro motor, in which case, I may form the
field magnet cores of thin sheets of permanently magnetised steel.
Dated this 3rd day of December 1886.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Dynamo Electric Machinery.
I, JOHN AUGUSTINE KINGDON, of 29 Marlborough Hill, St. Johns Wood, in the County
of Middlesex, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to that class of dynamo-electric machines, which have both the
field or primary magnets and secondary or induced magnets fixed, the change of
direction of magnetic lines of force being effected by the passage, preferably by rotation
of soft iron inductors in close proximity to the poles of the primary and secondary
magnets, thus generating an electro motive force in the conducting wire around the
secondary magnets.
My invention consists in the method of construction of the inductive parts, and
their method of application to any convenient rotating wheel or drum or to the fly
wheel of any commercial engine, and in the construction of the primary and secondary
magnets, and of the inductors, to prevent the production of Foucault or eddy currents
in the cores of the primary or secondary magnets, in the yokes or the inductors, and
in the general construction of the machinery.
In order that my invention may be the better understood I now proceed to describe
the same in relation to the drawings hereunto annexed, reference being had to the letters
and figures marked thereon.
Like letters refer to like parts throughout the drawings.
Figure 1 is a general elevation of an ordinary commercial engine, converted into a
dynamo electric machine according to my invention.
Figure 2 is a general elevation of my dynamo electric machine as formed with an
independent drum, driven by any convenient means.
Figures 3 and 4 show side elevations of part of the chain of induciors mounted in
equivalent but modified methods on a fly-wheel or drum.
Figure 5 is a transverse section through the chain of inductors and primary and
secondary electro magnets showing method of lamination.
Figure 6 is a part side elevation and transverse section of the chain of inductors
mounted on tension spokes.
Figure 7 is a detail, showing the method of construction of the cores of the primary
and secondary magnets and connecting yokes.

page_text: As it is of great commercial advantage to be able readily to apply inductors to the
periphery of the fly wheel of any commercial engine, or other similar pulley or drum,
I construct my inductors in the form of successive bundles of soft iron plates A A,
insulated from one another, and held together by insulated bolts B, or similar attach-
ments, and fastened by non-magnetisable links or clamps to the periphery of the fly
wheel D of any commercial engine, or to any drum or axis E E which may be con-
structed of iron, and from which they obtain their rotative movement. The laminating
of the said inductors is employed to prevent the generation of Foucault currents, and
should be in planes parallel to the motion of the lines of magnetic force.
In figure 3 is shown a method by which the inductors A are linked to one another
and to the periphery of the fly wheel D by the links C of brass or other non-magnetis-
able material.
In figure 4 is shown a modification, by means of which the inductors A can be
conveniently adjusted by the links C being provided with nuts C¹³, so as to make
the diameter of the inductor ring the same in every part.
In figure 5 a method of attachment is shown by the bolts F, which give the connect-
ing links a grip upon the edge of the fly wheel or drum, obviating any drilling or
tapping of the periphery of the said fly wheel or drum.
For the drum or fly wheel of any commercial engine, I may substitute a framework
of spokes G G (figure 6) such as are used in bicycle wheels, of which the length can
be regulated by nuts H allowing of the exact regulation of the periphery of inductors
so as to get it exactly circular to truth, or I may use any other convenient construction
of supporting frame, such as plates or discs.
The primary and secondary magnets K L may be used in any convenient number,
either partially enveloping the periphery of the rotating inductors as in figure 1 where
the diameter of the inductor ring is very large, or completely enveloping the inductor
ring as in figure 2, where the diameter of the inductor ring is small.
The cores of the primary and secondary magnets with their magnetic attachments
at the base of the cores, which are known as yokes, are formed of plates of soft iron M.
(figures 5 and 7) preferably insulated from one another, so as to be divided in planes
parallel to the motion of the lines of magnetic force. These plates are convenient in
shape for being stamped in duplicate. The plates are held together and secured to the
supporting castings by the insulated bolts P (figure 5). They may also be put together
by overlapping one another, as shown in figure 7, so as to break joint, and thus make
a continuous ring of considerable strength, and giving the greatest amount of solid
continuity between the cores and yokes of the various electro magnets. The ends of
the cores project towards the rotating inductors, so as to be in close proximity to the
latter, and these cores are wound with coils of insulated copper conductor of any
suitable section. The alternate poles which are the primary magnets have their coils
connected either in parallel or series with any external source of electricity, such as a
continuous current dynamo. The secondary magnet cores, which are conveniently
alternate to the former, are also wound with such section of insulated conducting wire
as may be desired, in which the induced currents are generated as hereinafter
explained. Both primary and secondary coils may be conveniently prepared separately,
and slipped on to their respective cores. The induced currents from all or any of the
secondary coils may be collected either in parallel or in series, and without com-
mutator, thus forming an alternating working current. The length of the inductors A
must be so proportioned as to simultaneously magnetically connect adjacent pairs of
poles of the said primary and secondary magnets with one another respectively, but I
do not confine myself to the exact proportions shown in the drawings. The primary
magnet poles are magnetised alternately north and south by the external primary
current. As the inductors are carried round in proximity to the primary and
secondary magnet poles, the secondary magnet poles become by induction alternately
north and south according as they are magnetically connected by the passing inductors
with south or north primary magnetic poles. Alternate currents are thus generated
in the coils with which the secondary magnets are wound.

page_text: The primary magnets may be made separately from the secondary magnets, both
being fixed as before or the primary magnets may be disposed to one side or in other
position to the rotating ring of inductors.
No commutators or sliding contacts are required at all upon the rotating portion of
the mechanism for the collection of the working current, nor is any insulation of the
rotating drum or fly wheel required, thus making this form of dynamo peculiarly
applicable direct to the fly wheel of any commercial engine the working currents
being collected from the fixed portion of the apparatus. All insulated copper wire
winding for the conveyance of electrical currents is applied only to the fixed part of
the apparatus, thus avoiding the great tendency to destruction of insulation common
to all dynamos in which insulated copper wire is caused to revolve at a high rate
of speed.
By direct application to the fly wheel of an engine great circumferential speed is
attained with comparatively slow rotation.
The application of the inductors to the fly wheel of any commercial engine will not
prevent the spare power of the engine from being used for other purposes.
The primary magnets may be of permanently magnetised steel, if desired, instead
of externally excited electro magnets.
Such a dynamo may be used as an electro motor by inversion of the currents, in
which case I may form the primary magnets of thin sheets of permanently magnetised
steel, without any coils of insulated conducting wire.
I do not confine myself to the particular electrical arrangements described, as in
some cases I may employ more than one secondary between each pair of primary
magnets.
Instead of iron plates I may also employ iron wire in the construction of the
inductors and of the magnet cores and yokes, it being arranged so as to prevent the
generation of Foucault currents.
I do not confine myself to the exact construction shown in the drawings, as in some
cases I place my primary and secondary magnets on one or on both sides of the
rotating inductor ring, in which case the inductors have their faces or inductive
surfaces on the side instead of on the face of the wheel.
Instead of the separate links I sometimes bolt the inductors between two discs of
brass or other non-magnetic material, conveniently supported.
.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, be it known that I am aware that
inductive generators, of the principle of generation herein above described, have been
suggested, but not of the convenient, efficient and commercially valuable improved
construction hereinabove described, what therefore I claim is :—
1st. A rotating ring of laminated or divided inductors, secured and connected by
means of non-magnetisable material, with one another and their support, whose outer
surfaces are concentric with the axis of rotation and partially or wholly surrounded
by fixed primary and secondary magnets, operating substantially as described.
2nd. The construction of the inducting surface in the form of an endless chain of
magnotisable links laminated or divided, and connected and supported by non-
magnetisable links, carried by a wheel or drum, substantially as described.
3rd. The conversion of a commercial engine into a dynamo electric machine, by
the application of such a chain of inductors to the periphery of the fly wheel, in
combination with a series of fixed primary and secondary electro magnets, substantially
as described.
4th. The combination of such a chain of inductors with tension spokes to form a
light and adjustable revolving wheel, substantially as described.
5th. The combination of rotating inductors, laminated or divided, with fixed
secondary electro magnets, the cores of which are also laminated or divided, and
connected by laminated or divided yokes, and with primary electro-magnets also
fixed.

page_text: 6th. The combination of rotating inductors, laminated or divided, with fixed
primary and secondary electro magnets, the cores of which are all laminated or
divided and connected by laminated or divided yokes.
7th. The various arrangements and modes of construction of the dynamo-electric
machine and parts, substantially as described.
Datal this 2nd day of Santrouhan 1007
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.