Rods, Textile Fabrics for the Purposes of Drying and Bleaching same, and for other Purposes.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 10th June, 1887
Complete Left, 10th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 20th Apr., 1888
Rods, Textile Fabrics for the Purposes of Drying and Bleaching
same, and for other Purposes.
I JAMES ARTHUR SCHOFIELD of 41 Eastbank Street, Southport, Lancashire,
Manufacturing Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has reference to the means employed for securing to a line, rod or
analogous means of suspension, clothing and textile fabrics for drying and bleaching
purposes.
I am aware that Letters Patent have been granted for appliances to serve a similar
purpose to that referred to above, under the appellation of Clothes Pegs or Clips, but
which, exerting merely a constant or unvarying pressure, is unsuited to many of the
requirements of such devices. The object I have in view therefore, is to provide an
appliance, which shall overcome the serious objections which are inherent to existing
clothes pegs or pins, and which may be equally suitable for suspending the most
delicate laces and muslins, as well as the heaviest blankets, sheets or like heavy textile
fabrics.
In carrying out my invention I form or construct the improved peg or clip, of one
or more flat strips or bands of steel, hard drawn brass, phosphor-bronze or other suitable
elastic inaterial, and I bend same-if in one piece-to form two or more limbs, or the
limbs may be found of separate strips or bands of metal, secured together at one end
by rivets or other suitable means, or said limbs may be secured by similar means to a
cradle, bow, double bow or other suitable shaped spring, forming the head of said
device.
Upon one or more of the limbs aforesaid, which have their ends bent outwards,
I stamp, press or otherwise form two or more bends, depressions or corrugations at
right angles to their length, so as to secure a firm grip upon the article to be suspended,
at the same time prevent either the suspended article on the clip from being
shaken out.

page_text: Now, the pressure exerted by each of the limbs of a Clothes peg or clip, constructed
as above described, will vary in proportion to the distance; thus, the pressure. at the
extreme ends would be very slight, and although sufficient to secure, without in any
degree damaging or otherwise injuring the lightest and most delicate fabrics, such for
example as fine lace, it would not hold heavier materials; but, inasmuch as the pressure
is greatest near the head of the peg or clip, then, for heavier materials, the clip, must
be pressed further on to the material.
When the device according to my Invention is made of steel, it will be necessary in
order to prevent damage to materials by rust marks, better known as "ironmould "
to coat the pegs or clips by plating, enamelling, or otherwise protecting same from
corrosion.
JAMES STEVENSON,
Gray's Inn Chambers,
20, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Appliances for Attaching to Lines, Cords, and
Rods, Textile Fabrics for the Purposes of Drying and Bleaching
same, and for other Purposes.
I JAMES ARTHUR SCHOFIELD, of 41 Eastbank Street, Southport, Lancashire,
Manufacturing Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My Invention has reference to the means employed for securing to a line, cord, rod
or analogous means of suspension, clothing and textile fabrics for drying and bleaching
purposes.
I am aware that appliances have prior to the date of my Invention been devised to
serve a similar purpose to that referred to above, under the appellation of clothes pegs
or clips, but which, exerting merely a constant or unvarying pressure, are unsuited to
many of the requirements necessary to be complied with by such devices. The object
I have in view therefore, is to provide an appliance, which shall overcome the serious
objections which are inherent to existing clothes pegs or clips, and which may be
equally suitable for suspending the most delicate laces, muslins or the like, as also
blankets, sheets, or other heavy textile fabrics.
In carrying out my Invention I form or construct the improved peg or clip of one
or more flat strips or bands of steel, hard drawn brass, phosphor-bronze, or other
suitable elastic material, and I bend same-if in one piece-to form two or more limbs,
or the limbs may be formed of separate strips or bands of metal secured together at
one end by rivets or other suitable means, or said limbs may be secured by similar
means to a cradle bow, double bow or other suitably shaped spring forming the head
of said device. Upon one or more of the limbs aforesaid, which have their ends bent
outwards, I stamp, press or otherwise form bends, depressions or corrugations at
right angles to their length, so as to ensure a firm grip upon the article to be
suspended and at the same time prevent the suspended article from being
shaken out.
•
In order that my Invention may be the more readily understood I have appended
the accompanying sheet of drawings in which Figures 1 to 13 inclusive shew various
types or modifications of the device or appliance according to my Invention, referring
to which Figure 1 shews a strip of metal bent into three parts the two outward limbs
being corrugated and the central limb plain. Figure 2 is a peg or clip bent into three
with all the limbs corrugated so as to form equal apertures on each side of the peg
or clip for the reception of the line cord or rod. Figures 3 and 4 are pegs bent at the
head to form double bow springs. Figure 5 is a peg bent at the head to form a cradle
bow or spring. Figure 6 shews a peg formed in three parts, two side limbs and a
cradle bow or spring rivetted between said limbs. Figures 7, 8, 9, are pegs also made
in three parts, the two limbs separate and the head spring being formed in various
ways and conveniently attached to the side limbs. Figure 10 shews a peg bent out of
one strip of metal the head being formed flat. Figure 11 is a peg made in two parts
being rivetted together at the head portion. Figure 12 shews a peg also in two parts
the head portion being connected by a loop formed on the end of one of the limbs
taking into a larger loop formed on the other limb, the elasticity of the material forming

page_text: said peg or clip tending to keep the two firmly secured in position. Figure 13 is a
peg or clip according to my Invention formed out of a single strip of metal bent into
four limbs or strips the two outer limbs terminating in a curve beyond the centre of
the inside limbs, thus forming a convenient means for releasing the line, cord, or rod
by the finger and thumb pressing against the upper curved portions of the outside
limbs. The two inside limbs may be corrugated as shewn, or the two outside ones
may also be formed with corrugations corresponding with those formed on the
inner limbs.
Now, the pressure exerted by each of the limbs of a clothes peg or clip constructed
as above described, will vary in proportion to the distance from the head; thus, the
pressure at the extreme ends would be very slight, and although sufficient to secure
without injury the lightest and most delicate fabrics, it would not hold heavier materials;
but, inasmuch as the pressure is greatest near the head of the peg. or clip then for
heavier materials, the peg or clip must be forced further on the line, cord, or rod on
which said material is to be suspended.
It will be seen that the pegs in accordance with my Invention when bent into more
than two strips as shewn at Figures 1, 2, and 13, are rendered duplex in their use or
action, that is to say when handled they have always one end open for the
reception of the line, cord, or rod and cannot therefore be handled the wrong
way up.
Another feature distinctive of the utility of my Invention is, that when the peg or
clip made out of a single strip of metal is bent into more than two limbs as shewn at
Figures 1, 2, and 13, and one of the limbs is broken off, the remaining portion of the
peg or clip then still possesses the sufficient elasticity to enable it to retain the article
to be suspended by means of the remaining limbs, and would still perform the same
function as the other pegs herein referred to without losing any of its elastic retaining
powers from the loss of either of the limbs as stated above.
Also another advantage derived from my Invention is that in the process of
manufacture I am enabled to utilize the waste pieces of metal cut off from the pegs
made in the single piece, to serve as the connecting pieces and limbs of pegs or
clips shewn at Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, and 12 that are made up in more than
one piece.
When the device according to my Invention is made of steel it will be necessary in
order to prevent damage to materials by rust marks, better known as "ironmould," to
coat the pegs or clips by plating, galvanizing, enamelling or otherwise protecting same
from corrosion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood
that as I am aware clothes pegs or clips have already been devised to allow of same
being produced by. bending a strip of metal and forming a half loop on each of the
limbs for the reception for the line, cord or rod, I make no claim in respect thereof
but I declare that what I do claim is :-
In appliances serving for the suspension of textile fabrics from lines, cords, or rods,
for the purpose of drying or bleaching, the employment of strips of metal, bent into
two or more limbs or legs, and corrugated on either or all of said limbs or legs through-
out the length thereof, substantially as herein described and shewn in the accompanying
sheet of drawings.