Improved Process and Apparatus for the Treatment of Textile Fibres with Liquids and Vapours or Gases.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 30th May, 1892-Accepted, '2nd July, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Process and Apparatus for the Treatment of Textile Fibres
with Liquids and Vapours or Gases.
EDUARD GESSLER of Metzingen Wurtemberg, Manufacturer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a process and apparatus for subjecting textile or spun
fibres to the action of circulating currents of liquids vapours or gases whereby to
render extremely uniform the action of the liquids, vapours or gases upon the goods
treated which remain in the same portable vessel during the different operations.
Referring to the accompanying drawings forming part of this Specification; the
goods are placed in a vessel u Figure 1 of circular or polygonal cross section and
are pressed together therein. Each vessel a has a perforated bottom a' and conical
supporting rim or shoulder a² and is closed by a hinged cover a secured by a
locking device.. To the inside of the cover is secured by studs at a perforated
presser plate at which presses the goods together when the cover is closed. To the
cover is also connected an inlet or outlet tubo a adapted to be connected by flexible
couplings with a main pipe as hereafter described, the liquid either entering at a
and passing out through the perforated bottom a after permeating the spun goods
contained in the vessel, or vice versa.
The conical supporting rim or shoulder a fits in a corresponding seat or
flange 3 around an aperture in the top of the closed chamber 6 Figure 2 of
the impregnating apparatus, so that when the vessel a is inserted in the said
aperture, an air tight joint is made between the shoulder a³ and its seat b³.
In carrying out the new process the dye liquor for example in passing through
the goods exerts a certain pressure upon the perforated bottoms a' and should this
pressure become excessive the vessels a will be lifted from their scats and allow the
ye liquor to escape at the conical joints whereupon the pressure being relieved the
vessels a will return to their seats and a perfectly uniform action of the dye upon
the goods is thus obtained. In order that as little resistance as possible may be
offered to the movement of the vessels a they are coupled to the main pipe d by
detachable flexible hose couplings c attached to the connections a of the vessels a
which enable a tight joint to be inade between the vessels and the main d.
A pumpe of any suitable kind is used to circulate the dye liquor through the
impregnating apparatus by the pipes and d. The vessels a may be loaded by
weights if necessary in order to increase the resistance of the latter to the pressure
of the dye liquor and cause a more energetic action of the dye upon the goods.
When the operation is complete the pump is stopped, the couplings care
disconnected and the vessels a placed in a centrifugal machine to dry the goods.
The final drying is effected in the drying apparatus shown in Figure 3 consisting of
a closed chamber h wherein the vessels a are placed, being supported in seats 6³ in a
partition therein in the same manner as in the impregnating apparatus the
chamber being closed by a tightly fitting cover or otherwise and connected
with air inlet and outlet pipes h. The dry air under pressure is caused to
circulate through the vessels a in the same manner as above described in respect of
the dye liquor entering at and passing out at h³.
When the dry air has acted sufficiently on the fibre its treatment is complete.
The advantages of the above described process and apparatus reside in the
extreme simplicity and efficiency thereof. The goods to be treated are placed in
the vessels and do not leave them until the treatment is completed the greatest
uniformity in the action of the liquids and vapours employed being attained. It is
also noteworthy that owing to the peculiar joint of the vessels a with the

page_text: impregnating and drying apparatus (of which the former may also be used, for
drying the goods) it is rendered possible to treat the goods either in a hot or cold
bath, in vapour, or cold or hot air in the manner specified.
Dated this 29th day of August 1891.
EDUARD GESSLER,
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Process and Apparatus for the Treatment of Textile Fibres
with Liquids and Vapours or Gases.
1, EDUARD GESSLER of Metzingen Wurtemberg, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to a process and apparatus for subjecting textile or spun
fibres to the action of circulating currents of liquids, vapors, or gases, whereby to
render extremely uniform the action of the liquids, vapors, or gases, upon tlie goods
treated which remain in the same portable vessel during the different operations.
Referring to the drawings accompanying the Provisional Specification, the goods
are placed in a vessel a, Figure 1, of circular or polygonal cross-section and are
pressed together therein. Each vessel a has a perforated bottom a' and conical
supporting rim or shoulder a and is closed by a hinged cover a secured by a
locking dovice. To the inside of the cover is secured by studs at a perforated
presser plate a³ which presses the goods together when the cover is closed. To
the covor is also connected a short inlet or outlet tube a adapted to be connected
by flexible couplings with a main pipe as hereafter described, the liquid either
entering at a and passing out through the perforated bottom al after permeating
the goods contained in the vessel, or vice versa. The conical supporting rim or
shoulder a fits in a corresponding sent or flange 6 around an aperture in the
top of the closed chamber b, Figure 2, of the impregnating apparatus, so that
when the vessel a is inserted in the said aperture an air-tight joint is made between
the shoulder a³ and its seat b³.
In carrying out the new process, the dye liquor, for example, in passing through
the goods exerts a certain amount of upward pressure upon the vessels a 80 that,
should this pressure become excessive, the vessels a will be lifted from their seats ³
to allow the dye liquor to escape at the conical joints whereupon, the pressure
being relieved, the vessels a will return to their seats. A perfectly uniform action
of the dye upon the goods will be thus obtained. In order that as little
resistance.as possible may be offered to the movement of the vessels a they are
coupled to the main pipe d by detachable flexible hose couplings attached at a
to the vessels a. A rotary or other pump e, of any suitable kind, is used to
circulate the dye liquor through the impregnating apparatus by the pipes and d.
The vessels a may be loaded by weights, if necessary, in order to increase their
resistance to the pressure of the dye liquor and cause a more energetic action of
the dye upon the goods.
are
When the operation is complete, the pump is stopped, the couplings
disconnected and the vessels a placed in a centrifugal machine to effect a preliminary
drying of the goods.
The final drying is effected in the drying apparatus shewn in Figure 3
consisting of a closed chamber wherein the vessels a are placed being supported
as before in seats 6, the said seats being in this case in a horizontal partition bl
within the chamber which is closed by a tightly-fitting cover or otherwise and
connected with air inlet and outlet pipes . The dry air under pressure enters
at hand, after circulating through the goods in the vessels a in the manner above

page_text: described in respect of the dye liquor, passes out at . In this case, the dry air
entering the apparatus under pressure surrounds the vessels a at the upper as well
as at the lower part and so prevents any prejudicial condensation within the vessels.
When the dry air has acted sufficiently on the fibre its treatment is completo.
The impregnating apparatus may also be used for drying the goods, instead of
using a separate apparatus as described.
The advantages of the above described process and apparatus reside in their
extreme simplicity and efficiency. The goods to be treated are placed in the vessels
and do not leave them until the treatment is completed, the greatest uniformity in
the action of the liquids and vapors employed being obtained. It is also
noteworthy that, owing to the peculiar joint of the vessels a with the impregnating
and drying apparatus, it is rendered possible to treat the goods either in a hot or
cold bath, in vapor, or cold or hot air, in the manner specified.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the naturó of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is―
1. The herein described process of treating textile fibres, which consists in
subjecting the same to the action of a liquid vapor or gas whilst contained in vessels
through which the fluid is caused to flow under pressure regulated by the move-
ment of the vessels themselves in their seats, for the purpose of regulating the
action of the fluid on the fibre.
2. The apparatus for carrying out the herein described process, consisting
essentially of a vessel a with a perforated bottom and a conical scating shoulder a
in combination with a corresponding seat in the top of a closed chamber with
which the vessel makes a valve joint by being simply dropped therein, the said
chamber being connected with one of the fluid circulating pipes and the upper end
of the vessel being so connected with the other circulating pipe as to admit of the
valve-like action of the vessel to regulate the pressure of the fluid passing through
it, substantially as specified.
3. The apparatus for carrying out the heroin described process, comprising
vessels a having perforated bottoms and seated valve-like in a closed chamber and
connected at top with a main pipe d by means of flexible tubes c, as described
and illustrated in Figure 2.
4. The apparatus for drying or otherwise treating the dyed textile fibres,
comprising vessels a having perforated bottoms and seated valve-like in a mid-
position within a closed ohamber connected at top and bottom with outlet and inlet
pipes, so that the dry air entering said chamber under pressure will entirely surround
said vessels, so as to prevent any prejudicial condensation within said vessels,
substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 3.
Dated tha Kuth day of MAX 1892.
Dated tha Kuth day of MAV 189
E. GESSLER,
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.