Improvements in Hydraulic Pumping Apparatus.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 8th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 4th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Pumping Apparatus.
We, Baldwin Latham, of No. 13 Victoria Street, Westminster, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, RUDOLPH EMIL VON LENGERKE, of St. James Vicarage,
Fulham, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, and ARTHUR RIGG, of 42 Öld
Broad Street, in the City of London, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to apparatus wherein a pump is worked by hydraulic prossure
acting on a piston or plunger connected to the piston or plunger of the pump, and the
chief objects of our invention are to provide simple and efficient valves and gear for
governing the supply and discharge of the hydraulic cylinder, with provision for a
pause at the end of each stroke such as is necessary for the quiet action of the pump
valves. For this purpose, we make the supply and discharge valves of the hydraulic
cylinder in the form of ordinary check valves kept on their seatings by pressure, and
we unseat these valves at the proper times, not by rods rigidly connected to them, but
by rods simply butting against their stoms, thus leaving the valves free to soat them-
selves without being subjected to any lateral strain. These butting rods are themselves
moved by tappets so arranged that the one valve is closed before the other is opened.
These tappets are moved by the piston or plunger of a small subsidiary cylinder the
supply and discharge of which are governed, preferably in a similar manner, by tappets
moved by the main piston or plunger of the pump or of the hydraulic cylinder which
works it. As the piston or plunger approaches the extreme of its stroke, its tappets
first move the valves of the subsidiary cylinder causing its piston or plunger to move,
and the tappets worked by it then move the valves of the main hydraulic cylinder. so
that, at every stroke of the main piston or plunger, there is necessarily a pause that
can be made longer or shorter by more or less throttling the supply to or discharge
from the small subsidiary cylinder. In cases where the upper end of the pump is
open, we make the main tappot rod merely rest on its piston, loading the rod so that it
always follows the piston in its stroke, leaving the piston free to turn. By this
arrangement we save the height necessary to accommodate the tappet rod when it is
connected to the crosshead of the pump piston. In many cases, as for instance in
pumping sewage liquid, it is desirable to regulate the movement of the hydraulic
apparatus by a float, retarding or stopping it when the supply is reduced, and starting
or accelerating it when the supply is increased. For this purpose, we connect the
float to a valve on the pipe which supplies the subsidiary cylinder or discharges there-
from, so as to close more or less this valve as the float descends and to open it more or
less as the float ascends. Or, instead of applying the float in this manner to work a
special valve, we connect the float through a differential lever to the tappets which
work the supply and discharge valves, in such a manner that as the float descends
these tappets are brought more or less out of the range of the valve rods on which they
abut, thus more or less reducing their opening or allowing them to reumin closed until
the float, again rising, brings the tappets into action upon them.
Dated this 8th day of November 1889.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Pumping Apparatus.
We, BALDWIN LATHAM of No. 13 Victoria Street, Westminster in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, RUDOLPH EMIL VON LENGERKE of St. James Vicarage,
Fulham in the County of Middlesex Civil Engineer and ARTHUR RIGG of 42 Old
Broad Street in the City of London, Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to apparatus wherein a pump is worked by hydraulic pressure
acting on a piston or plunger connected to the piston or plunger of the pump, and the
chief objects of our invention are to provide simple and efficient valves and gear for
governing the supply and discharge of the bydraulic cylinder, with provision for a
pause at the end of each stroke such as is necessary for the quiet action of the pump
valves. For this purpose, we make the supply and discharge valves of the hydraulic
cylinder in the form of ordinary check valves kept on their seatings by pressure, and
we unseat these valves at the proper times, not by rods rigidly connected to them but
by rods simply butting against their stems, thus leaving the valves free to seal them-
selves without being subjected to any lateral strain. These butting rods are themselves
moved by tappets so arranged that the one valve is closed tofore the other is opened.
These tappets are moved by the piston or plunger of a small subsidiary engine the
supply and discharge of which are governed, preferably in a similar manner, by tappets
moved by the main piston or plunger of the pump or of the hydraulic cylinder which
works it. As the piston or plunger approaches the extreme of its stroke, its tappets
first move the valves of the subsidiary engine causing its piston or plunger to move,
and the tappets worked by it then move the valves of the main hydraulic cylinder, so
that, at every stroke of the main piston or plunger, there is necessarily a pause that
can be made longer or shorter by more or less throttling the supply to or discharge
from the subsidiary engine. In many cases, as for instance, in pumping sewage
liquid, it is desirable to regulate the movement of the hydraulic apparatus by a float,
retarding or stopping it when the supply is reduced, and starting or accelerating it
when the supply is increased. For this purpose, we connect the float to a valve on the
pipe which supplies the subsidiary engine or discharges therefrom, so as to close more
or less this valve as the float descends and to open it more or less as the float ascends.
Or, instead of applying the float in this manner to work a special valve, we connect
the float through a differential lever to the tappets which work the supply and discharge
valves of the subsidiary engine, in such a manner that as the float descends these
tappets are brought more or less out of the range of the valve rods on which they have
to abut, thus more or less reducing their opening or allowing them to remain closed
until the float, again rising, brings tho tappets into action upon them.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a vertical section partly in elevation of the
valves for the main hydraulic engine and of the subsidiary engine and its valves the
working of which is determined by a float regulating its supply.
Fig. 2 is a similar section shewing the application of a differential lever to the
working of the valves as determined by a float.
Fig. 3 is an elevation partly in section of the hydraulic pump and
Fig. 4 is an elevation and
Fig. 5 a plan of a modified arrangement of the pump.
A is the inlet for the high pressure water communicating by a branch B with the
lower end of the hydraulic cylinder band by a branch C to the subsidiary valve box,
D is the communication to the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder b, Fig. 3 E is the
main inlet or supply valve F is the discharge valve H and I are the rods for raising
the valves and F by butting against their stems J is a rocking lever actuated by
the two plungers K and L of the subsidiary engine M is the pivot or fulcrum of the
lever J and N. N. are two tappets made adjustable as set screws for adjusting the

page_text: duration of the interval between the closing of the one valve and the opening of the
other. O is the pipe leading from the subsidiary valve box to the larger cylinder having
the plunger L and P is a screw plug for more or less throttling the area of the passage
and so regulating the speed of the subsidiary engine. Q is the supply valve of the
subsidiary engine and R is the discharge valve.
The rods which raise these valves Q and R by butting against their stems are
actuated by a counterbalanced lever S which is pivotted between them at T.
When the engine is intended to do regular work and to be started and stopped by
hand, the pivot T of the lever S is stationary and the lever is moved, as shewn in
Fig. 3 by a tappet rod t moved by the pump plunger a as it approaches each end of
its stroke. When the plunger reaches the end of its upstroke the lever S is moved
so as first to allow the valve R to close and then to open the valve Q. Water under
pressure is thus admitted to and conveyed by the pipe O to act on the plunger L
which is larger than K, consequently the lever J is moved so as first to allow F to
close and then to open E. High pressure water is thus admitted to D and con-
veyed to the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder in Fig. 3 above its piston which
is thus pressed down forcing down the plunger a and discharging contents of the
pump. When the pump plunger a reaches the end of its down stroke, the tappet
rod moves the lever S so as to allow closure of the valve Q and to open the
valve R, allowing escape from the pipe O. The pressure on the plunger L being thus
relieved, the pressure on K (which is always that of the working fluid) causes the
lever J to rock so as to allow to close and to opon F. Discharge then takes place
from D relieving the pressure above the piston in the cylinder b. The pressure on the
annular area under the piston (which is always that of the working fluid) then causes
the piston to ascend raising the pump plunger a.
Where the engine is required to stop automatically after having performed a
certain work, as for example after having filled a tank or emptied a sumpt or well,
we provide in the pipe Ca stop valve which is closed by means of a float or other-
wise when the required work is completed, and by suitably arranging the float or
other device which acts on the stop valve, the engine can be made to start again
automatically. As shown in Fig. 1 a stop valve y which can close more or less the
supply from the pipe C to the subsidiary valves, is operated by a lever Y connected
by a rod weither directly or through an intermediate lever as shewn in Fig. 3 to a
float W.
In some cases we dispense with the tappet rod t and connect the lever S as shown
in Fig. 2 with a weighted piston of a cataract cylinders which is provided with a
valve allowing water to pass freely from the upper to the lower side of the piston but
closing when the piston descends. A small passage governed by a regulating valve
connects the ends of the cataract cylinder, the time occupied by the descent of the
cataract piston being thus regulated as desired. The lever S and cataract piston nre
lifted by the pump plunger a towards the end of the upward stroke meeting an
adjustable screw U. When the motion of the plunger is thus reversed, the cataract
piston gradually descends and reverses the valves after a time determined by the more
or less throttling of the passage of the cataract cylinder which is regulated so that the
reversal takes place at the proper time, when the pump plunger reaches the end of
its downstroke.
Should the pump plunger from any cause stop in the course of the downstroke, or in
consequence of an obstruction in the pump fail to complete the downstroke, the reversal
of the valves will nevertheless take place, causing the plunger to make its upstroke.
As shewn in Fig. 2 the float lever Y instead of being applied to actuate a
stop valve in the supply pipe to the subsidiary valves, is applied to lower
the fulcrum T of the tappet lever S and thus to throw the subsidiary valves out
of action.
As shewn in Fig. 3 and Fig. 3, which is a part side view, W is a float connected
by rod w lever X and rod w¹ to the lever Y which as shewn in Fig. 2 is connected by
a sliding link to the fulcrum T of the lever S. As long as the float W remains
supported by liquid the action of the valve gear is that which has already been

page_text: described considering the lever S to have its fulcrum T stationary. But should the
float descend, the fulcrum T is lowered so that the lever S cannot raise the valve Q
and consequently the engine is stopped until the float rises again.
In cases where the volume to be pumped is small in quantity, and intermittent in
flow and when it might be objectionable to allow it to accumulate, we employ the
modified form of float apparatus shewn in Figs. 4 and 5. The action of the valves is
as above described but the float W is placed in a chamber a' leading into the body a
of the pump and acts as a valve, closing when the pump is full against a circular
seating above it. In thus rising and lifting the lever Y and the fulcrum T of the
lever S, it brings the valves into action causing the pump plunger a to descend dis-
charging the contents of the pump. During this descent of the plunger, the float W
is kept closed by the pressure in the pump. At about the lower end of the stroke, the
lever S is moved by the tappet rod and the movement of the plunger is reversed.
During the upstroke of the plunger the float W is drawn down from its seating
allowing liquid to flow into the pump. When the pump is so far filled that the float W
is caused to rise, but not until then, does the valve gear again come into action to cause
the downstroke of the pump plunger a.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The herein described method of opening the supply and discharge valves for a
hydraulic pumping engine by rods butting against, but not connected to, the stems of
the valves, these rods being so moved that neither of the valves is opened until a
regulated interval of time after the other is closed.
2. The herein described method of working the valve rods above referred to by a
subsidiary hydraulic engine the valves of which are themselves moved in the same
manner by the main engine.
3. The herein doscribed method of determining the moving or the stopping of a
hydraulic pumping engine by means of a float determining the moving or stopping of
the subsidiary engine which works the valves of the main engine, this float either
operating a valvo in the supply to the subsidiary engine or shifting the fulcrum of a
rocking lover which actuates the valves of the subsidiary engine.
4. The main valvo apparatus consisting of the valve case with supply pipe A,
plunger K, supply valve E passage D to engine, dischargo valve F plunger L adjust-
ing plug P, rocking lover JJ adjustable tappets N and valve rods Hand I substantially
as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
5. The subsidiary valve apparatus consisting of supply pipe C and supply valve Q,
pipe O, discharge valve R, rocking lever S and the valve rods worked by it, substantially
as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
6. The combination of the main and the subsidiary valve apparatus above referred
to with the hydraulic cylinder and pump, tappets and float connections constituting
a hydraulic pumping apparatus substantially as described with reference to Fig. 3.
7. The combination of the main and the subsidiary valve apparatus above referred to
with the hydraulic cylinder and pump, tappets and float valve and connections con-
stituting the modified hydraulic pumping apparatus substantially as described with
reference to Figs. 4 and 5.
8. In combination with the subsidiary valve apparatus above referred to, a tappet
lever moved up by the upstroke of the main engine, and moved down by a loaded
piston subject to adjustable retardation by a cataract, substantially as described with
reference to Fig. 2.
TL 011.
1 1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.