AN IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Haywood, junior, of the Phoenix Foundry,
Derby,and Thomas Claridge, Engineer and Manager to James Haywood,
of Derby, aforesaid, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT
Sealed the 28th December 1860, and dated the 4th July 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Haywood and
Thomas Claridge at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 4th July 1860.
We, JAMES HAYWOOD, junior, of the Phoenix Foundry, Derby, and THOMAS
CLARIDGE, Engineer and Manager to James Hay wood, junior, of Derby,
aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OR COMBINED THRASHING AND DRESSING MACHINE," to be
as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to simplify the construction of combined
thrashing machines, and also to thrash and dress the corn (which is performed
by one continuous operation) in a thoroughly efficient manner, with a saving
in the wear and tear of the machine, and the reduction of the power required
to drive it.
The improvements relate mainly, first, to the use in combination of a rotary

page_text: wire screen and a Boby's patent screen, which are placed one above the other,
and are intendod to act upon the seed in succession, which, after it has fallen
through a blast of air from the fan, enters first the rotary screen, and thence
passes to the Boby screen to be finally separated according to its quality.
Second, to the application to combined thrashing machines thus fitted of an
upright crank shaft, for conveying motion to the dressingapparatus and other
portions of the machine. This crank shaft is mounted on one side of the
machine, and is driven by a belt or other means from any suitable part of
the machine, say, a pulley on the axle of the straw shaker. To this upright
crank shaft is keyed a bevil pinion, which takes into a face wheel keyed on
to the axle of the cylindrical screen for the purpose of driving that screen.
By similar means it also rotates the elevators which bring up the corn to
be dressed. The cranks of this shaft by means of suitable connections convey
a vibratory motion to the Boby's patent screen, and also to a top cape riddle
which is over the rotary screen.
Thirdly, to the application of a sliding rod working in a guide, for the
purpose of obtaining the necessary vibratory or swing motion for the Boby's
screen. This screen is fitted with side rollers, which work upon inclined bars.
The vertical crank shaft is connected by a rod to the inner end of the sliding
rod, so that it is capable of moving in a horizontal plane, and a second rod
jointed to the same end of the sliding rod, so as to move in a vertical plane,
connects the sliding rod with the Roby screen. Thus the rotation of the crank
shaft will ensure the traverse of the screen over its inclined supporting bars.
Fourthly, to the construction of the beaters of the drum. The beaters are
made of angle iron, and bolted to the periphery of the drum, so that the angle
projects outwards. Upon the angle iron is fixed a wrought-iron strip or
facing piece, which is made rough or uneven on the surface by means of small
wrought-iron rivet heads projecting from the facing piece, and placed near
to each other. The heads of these rivets, facing the straw to be thrashed,
effectually rub out the grain without breaking it. When the facing strips
become worn they can be replaced without removing the angle iron portion of
the beaters. The edges of the angle irou and the facing strips are undulated,
as a further means of preserving the grain from injury by breakage.
Fifthly, to the hanging of the bottom part of the chain or series of elevators,
so as to allow of its being readily turned up out of the way of the ground
when the machine is travelling. This is effected by mounting the lower chain
pulley on swinging arms, which carry also the bottom part of the case that
encloses the buckets or cans. When thus turned up, the elevator belt will be

page_text: slackened, and thus the tightening of it up when required will be greatly
facilitated.
The blasts of air for winnowing the seed as it falls through the riddles
in the lower part of the machine, and for further winnowing it as it sub.
sequently passes through the riddles on to which it is discharged by the
elevators, are obtained from one fan situate below the hind end of the
machine, the air being led out directly to the lower riddles, and by an
ascending trunk to the upper riddles.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Haywood and Thomas Claridge in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 4th January 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JAMES
HAYWOOD, junior, of the Phoenix Foundry, Derby, and THOMAS CLARIDGE,
Engineer and Manager to James Haywood, junior, of Derby, aforesaid,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said James Haywood and Thomas Claridge, Her special license that
wc, the said James Haywood and Thomas Claridge, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said James Haywood and
Thomas Claridge, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man. an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF COMBINED THRASHING AND DRESSING MACHINE," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said James Haywood and
Thomas Claridge, by an iustrument in writing under our hands and seals,
or under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Iuvention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Haywood, on behalf of myself
and of the said Thomas Claridge, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
refereuce being bad to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters
and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
The object of this Invention is to simplify the construction and increase
the efficiency of that class of thrashing machines in which the dressing as
well as the thrushing of the corn is effected in one operation, and thereby
to reduce the wear and tear of the machine, and effect an economy in the
driving power. These results are obtained mainly by arranging and operat-
ing the dressing apparatus as shewn in the accompanying Drawings, wherein
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal elevation of the machine, shewing the shaft from
which the motion for actuating the dressing apparatus is obtained, and also
the belt driving that shaft; Fig. 2 is an elevation of the opposite side of the
machine, shewing the other driving belts by which motion is conveyed to
the various operating parts of the machine; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section
of the machine, shewing the parts for thrashing out the corn, delivering
the straw out of the machine at the front end, the pulse or short straws at
the back end, and submitting the corn and chaff to the first blast, the chaff
being delivered towards the front and under the machine; it also shews the
position of the Boby's screen, the rotary wire screen, the cape riddle, the barley
horner and smutter, and the air passage for the second blast. Fig. 4 is an
irregular cross section of the machine on the line A, B, of Fig. 3, shewing
the longitudinal sections and positions of the Boby's screen, the rotary wire
screen, and top cape riddle, also the upright driving shaft before mentioned,
with its wheels, crank, and excentric, for giving motion to the said riddle
and screens; also the air passage for the second blast, and the apertures for
the discharge of foreign matter and light corn which is blown out by the
second blast. Fig. 5 is a back end elevation of the machine, with the door
removed, which shews the several passages and outlets for conducting the
several sorts of first. or best, second, and third qualities of corn into
sacks; it also shews the barley horner and smutter on the same spindle.
The Invention also relates to a novel construction of drum for thrashing
machines. This improved drum is shewn in longitudinal elevation at Fig. 6.
A cross section of the drum shewing the beaters, formed of augle iron with a
wrought-iron plate surmounted by rivet heads for rubbing out the grain, is
represented at Fig. 7; and Figures S, 9, and 10 are full-size views of portions

page_text: of a beater; Fig. 8 is a section of one beater and part of the drum ring,
shewing the method of bolting the former to the latter,and also the method of
securing loose plates and rivets to the angle iron; Figures 9 and 10 shew
the angle-iron beater attached to the drum ring; also the undulations in
the edges of the angle-iron beaters and loose plates.
A, A, are four travelling wheels for facilitating the transport of the machine,
but it may be constructed as a fixture when required; B, B, B, B, is the
panelled framing enclosing the thrashing, shaking, screening, winnowing, and
dressing apparatus; C is the axle of the drum which carries the beaters; and
D is the pulley upon the drum spindle, which receives the belt of the motive
power engine. The drum shewn in section at E, Fig. 3, is constructed with
the angle-iron beaters and roughed facing strips. This drum works in a
wrought-iron concave F, into which the corn to be thrashed is fed from above.
Below the drum, and reaching forward to the extremity of the machine, are
the straw shakers G, which rock alternately in pairs, being supported in front
by links H, and receiving motion from a double crank shaft I, as usual, which
shaft is driven by a belt J, Fig. 2, passing from a pulley on the axle C to a
pulley on the crank shaft I. A reciprocating vibratory motion is thus given
to the shakers, and the straw as it leaves the drum is thereby caused to travel
up the shakers, and fall from the upper end thereof out of the machine.
These shakers have wood lathes angle-shaped placed diagonally across them,
which causes the straw to be more effectually carried forward, and prevent it
from falling through. Below the drum is the fall board K, which conducts
the grain to the riddle and shog board L, L; this shog board is in a slanting
position, and receives its vibratory or swinging motion by means of two
excentrics and rods placed upou the axles M, which receives rotary motion
through a belt N, Fig. 2, from a pulley on the crank axle I. One end of the
shog board is supported bylinks,and the other end byantifriction rollers 2,2,2,
(Figures 4 and 2), which move upon guide rails provided to receive them.
The object of this board is to receive all the grain, chaff cavings, or broken
straws as they fall from the straw as it passes over the shakers, and to guide
them down to the pulse riddle L' at its lower end. This riddle carries off
and conducts the short straws and pulse out of the machine; the corn and
chaff fall through this riddle into the bottom shoe L2, Fig. 3. This shoe is
hung upon four springs 3, 3, Fig. 2, of an improved construction, and receives
a vibratory or swinging motion from the rods of two excentrics placed upon
the axle M. The grain passes through the riddles 4, 4, placed in a slanting
position in this shoe, and is also subjected to a strong blast from the blower P

page_text: (driven by the belt P"), which blows out the chaff and other extraneous
matter near to the front of the machine. The grain next passes over a
riddle 5, Fig. 3, placed in the bottom of the shoe, perforated with small holes,
to remove the seeds from the corn, which are too heavy to be blown out. The
corn after passing over the riddle 5, which is set across the machine in an
inclined position, is next deposited in the box Q, which hangs from au axle a
(Fig. 1), and is suspended by links y. When the machine is required to
travel, the box is easily turned up into the position shown by red lines, and
fastened in that position by means of the hook attached to the frame of the
machine. This allows fourteen inches clearance from the ground, and it can
be increased if required. An endless band of buckets dips into this box, and
works through a trunk S and over a pulley 7 at the bottom of the trunk
shewn by dotted lines, and a similar one at the top of the trunk; the latter
pulley revolves upon the spindle R, which has a bevil wheol upon the end of
it, and which receives motion from a pinion wheel upon the top end of the
upright shaft U. The shaft U carries a pulley u, which is driven by the belt p
(Fig. 1) from the pulley on the crank axle I. The grain is carried up by
means of the buckets or elevators, and is deposited in a cylindrical tube or
barley horner T, in which is mounted an axle V concentric with the cylinder,
and fitted with radial blades cr propellers. Rotary motion is given to this
axle by a band W (Fig. 2), which passes from a pulley on the axle C of the
drum E, and over a pulley on the axle V. The grain is by this means
discharged into the enlarged part of the cylinder T", in which revolves
upon the axle V a smutter; this smutter discharges the grain ou the riddle X
(Fig. 4), which is mounted upon four antifriction rollers, and receives its
motion from the excentric and rod 6, which are worked by the upright shaft U.
This riddle is intended to intercept small stones, broken pieces of straw,capes,
or other refuse matter, not carried off by the blast, and to discharge them
down the spout Y into a bag. The corn passes through the riddle X on to
the inclined board X" attached to the riddle, and falls in a thin broad stream
before the second blast which issues from the air passage a, and finally blows
away, through the passage b, the chaff or other refuse matter still mixed with
the corn. This blast also carries the tail or light corn over the board c, whence
it falls down the passage d into the bags provided to receive it. The rotary
wire screen or assorting cylinder fis mounted on an axle e, and receives its
motion through bevil gearing from the upright shaft U; this screen freceives
the grain at one end from the passage g, and discharges the heavy or best
corn at its opposite end, the small cornor seconds and thirds being discharged

page_text: through the periphery of the screen down their respective spouts into receiving
bags. The Boby's patent screen is placed immediately below this rotary
screen, and mounted upon four antrifriction rollers; it receives its motion by
means of a crank h in the upright shaft U, and the rods and . The
sliding rod i works into the socket. 2, and has three studs at one end for the
purpose of attaching the rods " and k, so that these rods may vibrate in
different directions to each other, the former moving in a horizontal and the
latter in a vertical plane, whereby the screen is free to move on its inclined
supporting bars. The best corn which passes out at the end of the rotary
screen is conducted through the opening on to the Boby's screen m, which
finally removes any small or tail corn, and the best corn is delivered down
spouts perfectly cleaned and dressed ready for market. The small or
tail corn, which passes through Boby's screen is conducted down the spout o.
From theabove description it will be understood that our improved machine
partakes of the general features of "combined thrashing machines," but by
virtue of the simplicity of the mechanical arrangement the working parts are
reduced to a minimum, there being only one fan with broad paddles, and
upon the whole machine but five belts, that every movement is obtained
directly from rotary motion, and that not a single lever is used for trans-
mitting motion in a rocking direction in any part of the machine. Another
important advantage is due to the compound dressing apparatus. We
are aware that machines have been constructed with a rotary screen for
the purpose of dressing, and others have a Boby's patent screen of small
size for the same purpose, but as far as we are aware none have had both
in combination; therefore our machine is a compound dressing machine as
compared with others, and this too with every motion derived directly
from a rotary one by the use only of five driving belts without the aid of levers,
which are deemed more objectionable in this class of machinery than belts.
Referring to Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, which represent our improved
drum, a, a, are the drum rings, to which the angle-iron beaters are secured
by bolts, so that their angle projects outwards. Upon one face of the angle
iron is fixed a wrought-iron strip or facing piece c, which is made rough or
uneven by means of small wrought-iron rivet heads projecting from the
facing piece, and placed near to each other. The heads of these rivets
facing the straw to be thrashed effectually rub out the grain without break-
ing it. The edges of the facing strips and angle iron are indented as a
further means of preserving the grain from injury by breakage. When
the facing strips become worn, they can be renewed without removing the
angle-iron portion of the beaters,

page_text: Having now set forth the nature of our Invention of "An Improved
Arrangement of Combined Thrashing and Dressing Machine," and explained
the manner of carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood
that under the above in part recited Letters Patent we claim,-
First, the arrangement of compound dressing apparatus, and the mode
of operating the same and the parts in immediate connection therewith
from an upright shaft, as described.
Secondly, suspending the box Q, which forms the bottom of the elevator
case, in the manner and for the purpose above set forth.
And, thirdly, constructing the beaters of the drum in the manner and for
the purpose above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Haywood, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Third day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand ciglit hundred and sixty-one.
JAS. HAYWOOD, J". (LS.)