IMPROVEMENTS IN MULES FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Bernoulli Barlow, of the City of Manchester..
Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MULES FOR
SPINNING AND DOUBLING." A communication from abroad by Ernest.
Stamm, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Engineer.
Sealed the 27th March 1866, and dated the 26th October 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th October 1865.
I, HENRY BERNOULLI BARLOW, of the City of Manchester, Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MULES FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING," a communication to me from abroad by
Ernest Stamm, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Engineer, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in certain improved combinations of machinery for
regulating the winding of the yarn on to the spindles. A chain or band is
taken over suitable guide pulleys mounted on axes coinciding with the front
roller and the faller and counterfaller wires, and passes through the same
levels as the yarn; one end of the chain or band is fixed to a pulley con-
nected to the regulating lever, and the other to a lever the position of which
is changed after every stretch so as to shorten the chain or band. The length

page_text: of the regulating chain or band is reduced in accordance with the layers of
yarn wound on the cop or spindle by means of a shaper plate connected to
the copping motion, which acts on a lever connected by a link to the stud of
the pulley to which one end of the said chain or band is attached. The
position of the shaper plate above referred to is governed by a chain con-
nected above to the regulating lever, and below to a lever with a catch acting
on a ratchet wheel fixed to a wheel forming one side of a differential motion,
the other wheel of which is connected to the screw of the copping motion.
The screw of the radial arm is turned round by a wheel connected to the
regulating lever, gearing into a fast and loose pinion on the shaft of the
pinion gearing into the quadrant; to the loose pinion is fixed a pulley for
driving by a band or chain the pulley connected by gearing to the screw of
the radial arm; or the said screw may be driven by a crown wheel with teeth
set in a spiral line gearing into a pinion, the speed of which is reduced as it
approaches the centre of the crown wheel; or a friction plate and pulley may
be used; or the variation in the speed may be produced by a band or chain
which is gradually wound up on a pulley connected to the screw, as it is
unwound off the pulley by which it is driven. When requisite the nut on the
screw of the radial arm is lowered after each stretch, by means of a catch
jointed to a lever and taking into a ratchet wheel connected by gearing to the
screw; the lever is raised by a stud on the floor, and the catch is guided by a
curved plate on the quadrant. When the radial arm oscillates on its fulcrum.
the catch acting on the ratchet wheel moves it partly round and turns the
screw back to the required extent. The winding-on chain instead of being
attached to the nut of the screw of the radial arm is taken between two
bowls connected to the said nut, and attached to a spiral scroll mounted on a
stud fixed in the quadrant, the scroll is turned round to unwind the winding-
on chain by the pulley that gives motion to the screw of the radial arm; or,
instead of the scroll above referred to, the end of the winding-on chain may
be connected to a lever jointed to the lower bowl of the screw nut, and to
another lever jointed to the fulcrum stud of the radial arm; these levers are
connected by other levers, and the winding-on chain before being secured to
the lever above referred to is taken over guide pulleys; or the end of the
winding-on chain after passing under a guide pulley on the nut of the screw
of the radial arm is attached to a stud fixed in a plate, which is gradually
moved up the radial arm by a nut on a screw connected to the quadrant.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 25th April 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
BERNOULLI BARLOW, of the City of Manchester, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow, Her special license that I, the said Henry
Bernoulli Barlow, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I; the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN MULES FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING," a communication to me
from abroad by Ernest Stamm, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Engineer,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say)
The nature of this Invention consists in certain combinations of machinery,
for regulating the winding of the yarn on to the spindles, and for governing:
the position of the nut of the screw of the radial arm.
And in order that the Invention may be fully understood I will proceed to
describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being had to the
figures, letters, and arrows marked thereon.
Figure 1 represents certain parts of a self-acting mule constructed accord-
ing to this Invention. A and B represent two pulleys, the right and left
circumferences of which form tangents to the arcs described by the faller and

page_text: counterfaller wires; C is a pulley, the axis of which coincides with the axis
of the front drawing roller; and D is a guide pulley; Q is a vertical lever
supported by the stud O; the lever Q is drawn in the direction of the arrow m
by a spring; in the lever Q is a slot in which slides the stud K supporting
the two pulleys I and H. The stud K is fixed in the link R, which is jointed
to the lever L, which is hinged to the fixed stud M; the lever L is provided
with a stud for the roller N bearing upon the shaper plate P. G is a loose
roller mounted on a stud fixed to the carriage; E is a long lever vibrating
on the stud F, and to the end of which is connected the cord or chain e;
this cord or chain passes over the pulleys D, C, and B, under the pulley A,
and after being wound around is secured to the pulley H. Another chain or
cord is attached at the point J of the lever Q, and after passing around the
pulley I (fixed to the pulley H is secured to it. The chain or cord e is
connected at e¹ to the long lever E; in proportion as the layers of yarn
accumulate on the cop the shaper plate P, moved by the copping motion,
raises the lever L, and with it, by means of the link R, the pulleys I and H.
The top of the pulley H has the same rise as the nose of the cop, but the
top of the pulley is rather below the level of the nose of the cop.
In rising
the pulley I unwinds a quantity of yarn equal to the rise of the cop. If the
pulley were equal in diameter to the pulley I the length of chain from the
upper part of the pulley H to the point C would diminish as much as the
needle, but the reduction should be in proportion to the final reserve, and
this result is produced by the difference in diameter of the pulleys H and I.
The quadrant is provided with two projections; the one marked T when
the carriage is out comes in contact with the projection S of the lever Q, and
prevents this lever from being moved by its spring; the other T comes
against the lever Q when the sector is down. The lever Q has an arm U
on which is mounted a loose wheel V; on the axle f of the pinion d of the
quadrant are two similar wheels b, b', one fixed to the axle f and the other
loose on it. The wheel V is equal in breadth to the two wheels b, b', and
when the wheel V comes into gear with them, owing to the deflection of the
lever Q, the motion of the fast wheel 6 is communicated to the loose wheel b¹
which is. fast to the toothed pulley C, and gives motion by a toothed chain to
the pulley g; this pulley by means of a pair of mitre pinions gives motion
to the screw and nut of the quadrant. Other modes of driving the screw of
the quadrant may be adopted. The wheels V, 6, and 6', remain in gear until
the nut is sufficiently moved to effect the winding on, after which the lever Q
again assumes its vertical position, as shewn in Figure 1. The cord or chain e
is always fixed to the pulley C, and works as follows:-During the unwinding

page_text: the cord or chain e causes the lever Q to move in the contrary direction to
the arrow m, or to the right, but during the winding on it moves the said
lever towards the left, and when the yarn is too tight the wheel V is brought
into gear with the wheels b, 'b', as described. In order to make this action
instantaneous I attach the end of the cord or chaine to the lever E; then
instead of moving the lever the lever E is raised during the unwinding.
When the carriage is going in the roller G lowers the lever E, thereby
gradually shortening the chain e. This regulator is not only employed during
the building of the bottom and nose of the cop, but also during the formation
of the body or parallel portion; thus in Figure 2, X, Y, is the axle of the
screw of the shaper plates; k, l, m, are a set of differential wheels; 'the stud
of the wheel is fixed to the axle X, Y; the wheel k is fixed to the ratchet
wheel j for working the shaper plates as usual; the wheel m is fixed to the
ratchet wheel i, which is worked by the catch h jointed to the lever Z-bearing
upon the stud n. One end of the chain r is fixed to the lever Z, and the
other end after passing over the guide pulley p is fixed at g to the lever Q.
When this lever moves to the right beyond a certain limit the chain raises
the lever Z, the catch then moves the screw of the shaper plates back-
wards.
The shape of the lever E is obtained as shewn in Figure 2*; from the
point F draw the horizontal line F, e, the length of which is equal to the
traverse of the roller G; the sector e, e¹, is equal to the length of the extra
yarn. The lines F, e, and e, e¹, are each divided into four or other convenient
number of equal parts, and a curved line is drawn through the points of
intersection of the vertical and radial lines as shewn. The extremity e¹ of the
lever E may be considerably raised, as shewn at e, by dotted lines in Figure 1,
if it should be desired to shorten rapidly the chain e when the counterfaller
is lowered at the going in of the carriage; when such is the case it is not
necessary to bring the stud T¹ in contact with the lever Q. During the going
out of the carriage the lever Q should be prevented from moving in the
direction of the arrow m to bring the wheels V, b, b', into gear. To accom-
plish. this the lever E with the projecting parte must be prevented from
rising during the going out of the carriage; this is effected by the stud r
fixed in the headstock near the floor and a catch lever t acted upon by the
spring u. When the carriage arrives under the roller beam it lowers the
lever E till it is caught by the catch t, and then the lever Q is prevented from.
being acted upon by its spring during the going out of the carriage. When
the carriage is out it strikes the shoulder on the horizontal rod jointed to
the lever s projecting from the lever t. The liberation of the lever E allows

page_text: it to rise slightly or until the projection S of the lever Q comes against the
projection T.
: If instead of these arrangements the stud T¹ is employed, the wheel b must
be provided with a clutch box which will not allow it to receive motion from
the axle when it is going back, that is to say, during the going out of the
carriage. To facilitate the adjustment of the parts it is desirable to have
change pulleys H and I to fix the stud M in a slot to vary the length of the
leverage from the pulley N to M. The stud of the pulley N may also be
fixed in a slot. The lengths of the chains or cords can also be regulated by
set screws.
Figure 3 represents a modification of this Invention for regulating the
position of the nut of the screw of the radial arm. In this view the pinion 6¹
corresponds to the wheel 6¹ for giving motion to the toothed pulley. g in
Figure 1, the pinion 6¹ gears into the wheel A¹ to which is fixed the pinion B',
gearing into the wheel C¹, on the face of which is a toothed spiral gearing
into the pinion D', which is connected to the shaft E¹ by a groove and key.
The boss of the pinion D¹ has a groove in which the arm Ofits, this arm is
guided by the rod F¹, and to it is fixed a stud taking into the spiral groove on
the face of the wheel C'. The shaft E¹ by means of the wheels G³, H', and I',
drives the wheel g. It is evident that if at the beginning of a cop the
pinion D¹ is in gear with the largest diameter of the toothed spiral, and that
as the pinion B¹ turns round the pinion D¹ will gradually traverse over the
whole spiral, thereby imparting a diminishing speed to the said nut. A
friction disc and pulley may be used instead of the toothed spiral C¹ and
pinion D¹.
.Figure 4 represents another modification of the same mechanism. To the
axle of the wheel in Figure 1 is fixed a large grooved pulley K¹ connected
by a cord or chain to the pulley h loose on the axle of the quadrant. A pulley
with a deep groove is fixed to the boss of the pulley K', on which is wound
a strap or band, which is unwound as the wheel b¹ rotates, and is wound
upon another pulley i connected by friction to the pulley h, the pulley i is
fixed to the wheel or pulley 9 which drives the nut of the screw of the
quadrant. These parts also produce a gradually diminishing motion of the
said nut.
Figure 5 represents an improved combination of machinery for reversing
the motion of the screw of the quadrant during the going out of the carriage
to prevent snarls. A is a ratchet wheel loose on the boss of the pulley or
wheel g, see Figure 1; B, a stud fixed to the quadrant; C, D, a double lever
on this stud, the arm D acting on the piece E fixed to the floor, to the-arm C

page_text: is jointed the catch F, on which is a stud N which is held in contact with
the curve I, J, K, by the spring G. These parts are shewn in the positions
they occupy when the carriage is going to run in; if the regulator is inopera-
tive the parts retain these positions during the going in and coming out of
the carriage, but if the regulator is in operation the ratchet wheel A moves in
the direction of the arrow a, and raises the catch F until the stud N passes
the corner of the curve J, the spring G then draws the catch out of gear with
the ratchet wheel and holds it against the curve at I. The ratchet wheel
may then continue its motion. At the end of the following stretch the
arm D comes against E, the catch F returns to its former position and brings
back with it the ratchet wheel; A the amount of the reversing motion thus
given to the screw of the quadrant is in proportion to the height of the
piece E. The return motion may be about one-third of the advance, but
this proportion and the details of construction may be varied."
´ Figure 6 represents a mode of varying the position of the winding-on barrel
during the going in of the carriage at every stretch to prevent the nut of the
Screw of the radial arm being raised too high at the commencement of the
succeeding layer on the cop. A is the radial arm mounted on the stud C; E
is the nut; B the winding-on barrel; D, the quadrant, and F à scroll mounted
on a stud in the quadrant; the scroll is fixed to a wheel which is driven from
the wheel g, by which the screw is turned round, the winding-on chain passes
between two pulleys G on the nut E, and is wound on the scroll F. When
the regulator is in operation the nut rises up the screw, and the scroll is
turned round, the combined action of which unwinds the chain from the
barrel B.
Figure 7 represents a modification of this mechanism; the pieces marked
A, B, C, D, E, and G, are the same as in Figure 6; on the stud of the lower
pulley G is jointed the link G, H, to which is jointed the link C, H, to these
links are jointed the shorter links J, I, and I, K, on the stud H is mounted
a roller, and a little below the point I the end of the winding-on chain is
attached. This chain after passing under the roller on the stud H and
between the pulleys G is attached to the winding-on barrel. As the nut E
rises the amount of winding-on chain let off is varied, as in Figure 6.
winding-on chain may pass around the pulley L, and the end may be con-
nected at P to the link G, H, to increase the effect if desired, or the link C, H,
may be continued to M as shewn by dots, and the end of the winding-on
chain connected to the point M.
The
Figure 8 represents another modification of the above; the end of the
winding-on chain is connected at A to the radial arm, and passes under a

page_text: pulley mounted on a stud in the nut B; the point A is fixed to a slide moving
in a slot in the radial arm, and to the slide is jointed at H the link D
connected to the nut E on the screw F, G, mounted in bearings in the
quadrant. The screw F, G, is turned round by the wheel on the screw of the
radial arm; the pitch of this screw is about half that of the screw in the
radial arm; by this means as the nut E approaches the centre of the quadrant
the slide A is raised at about half the speed of the nut B, and the angle
of the winding-on chain is varied to produce the variations required in
the length of chain given off by barrel C.. An excentric may be used to
decrease the ascending motion of the slide A, and to increase the descent
thereof.
Having thus described the Invention communicated to me by the within-
named Ernest Stamm, I wish it to be understood that the details may be
considerably varied, and that the various improvements may be used either
separately or in combination with each other; I would also remark that I
make no claim to any of the well-known parts of the mule referred to to
illustrate the Invention, but what I claim is the improved combinations of
machinery shewn and described for regulating the winding of the yarn on to
the spindles, and for governing the position of the nut of the screw of the
radial arm or of the quadrant.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow, have hereto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-third day of April, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-six.