Improvements in or connected with the Flues of Steam Generators or Boilers and Means for Removing Deposits therefrom.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 7th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 28th Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Flues of Steam Generators
or Boilers and Means for Removing Deposits therefrom.
We FRANZ MÜRTH and ALEXANDER JOSEPH BASCH both of VII Burggasse
No. 77 Vienna in the Empire of Austria Civil Engineers do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The objects of the present invention are to obviate the waste of heat and fuel
resulting from the formation of deposits in the fire and smoke tubes of steam
generators or boilers and to retain and concentrate the heat in the first flue and also
to enable the draught in each individual flue or fire tube to be regulated or stopped
when necessary.
In order to facilitate cleaning out the flues tightly fitting cleaning out or man-
hole doors are provided in the rear wall of the brickwork of the boiler setting
being in an extension of or in line with the flues or fire tubes (or in smoke tube
boilers with return flues or wheel draught in the front or the back wall or both).
These doors enable the flues or tubes to be cleaned out during working hours by
means of brushes rakes scrapers or other suitable cleaning appliances.
In the case of Cornwall boilers for example in which difficulty is experienced in
cleaning out the flues in this manner owing to want of space the flues are cleaned
out according to this invention by meaus of specially constructed cleaning tools
provided with handles that are jointed or made in separable sections of suitable
lengths capable of being readily connected and disconnected the cleaning tool
consisting preferably of a brush with long steel wires attached to a back curved to
fit the flue and provided with rollers to facilitate its movements.
In dealing with Cornwall boilers whose setting is so arranged that the flame
after passing through the tubes circulates externally about the entire water space
of the boiler a mass or bank of brickwork is provided at the end of the flue which
enables the ashes to be drawn completely out of the upper flue without dropping
into the second or lower flue.
In order to retain and concentrate the heat in the first flue a sliding valve or
damper is provided being of any ordinary or suitable construction or when there
is not room enough to allow of this a novel species of rear end fire bridge is
employed.
This device consists of an upper fixed wall or plate which may be of cast iron
attached to the flue by flanges and a lower wall or plate hinged or suspended so as
to be capable of adjustment by means of a chain in any suitable position to regulate
the draught or expose the flue for the purpose of cleaning out the same.
These sliding or hinged dampers regulate the draught in each flue tube separately
and enable the entire transverse section of the flue to be opened or closed for the
purpose of cleaning out the flue or cleaning or charging the fire and may be
employed in combination with suitable longitudinal partition walls dividing the
flues into separate passages controlled by the said valves or dampers.
In the case of boilers in which the steam space is not heated by the third flue a
noncirculating chamber or blind flue on the upper part of the boiler is arranged to
receive products of combustion or heated gases from any part of the flue.
These arrangements ensure an economy of from 20 to 25 per cent. in the con-
sumption of coal and increase the heating effect.
Dated this 7th day of March 1892.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Flues of Steam Generators
or Boilers and Means for Removing Deposits therefrom.
We FRANZ MÖRTH and ALEXANDER JOSEPH BASCH both of VII Burggasse
No. 77 Vienna in the Empire of Austria Civil Engineers do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in or connected with steam generators or
boilers and consists in improved arrangements of the flues or parts connected there-
with and in the means for clearing out the said flues as hereinafter described.
By means of this invention the deposit of ashes in the fire and smoke tubes which
is extremely unfavourable to the heating effect and to the effective consumption of
the coal or fuel is enabled to be readily removed during working hours and means
are provided for retaining and concentrating the heat in the first flue and also for
enabling the draught in each individual flue or fire tube to be regulated or stopped
when necessary.
In the case of boilers in which the steam is not heated by the third or upper
flues a chamber or flue is provided at the upper part of the boiler and is supplied
with heated gases or products of combustion from the flues for the purpose of
heating the steam as hereinafter explained.
And in order that our said invention may be fully understood we shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures on the annexed sheets of drawings the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in vertical section viewed
from the rear end the flues of a Cornwall boiler arranged according to this inven
tion the tubular flues on the left hand side of the figure being provided with a valve
or damper of a form differing from that illustrated on the right hand side as herein-
after explained.
Figure 2 represents the rear end of the boiler and its setting or brickwork in
horizontal section corresponding with Figure 1.
Figures 3 and 4 illustrate in longitudinal section the left and the right hand
portion respectively of the two arrangements illustrated in Figure 1.
Figure 5 illustrates in detail the construction of a steel wire brush employed
for cleaning the flues and the arrangement of the handle or shaft of the said
brush.
Figures 6, 7 and 8 represent in horizontal section, end elevation and vertical
section respectively a series of boilers provided with a flue for heating the steam.
Referring to Figures 1 to 4 the boiler shell marked A and constructed with a
pair of fire tubes or internal flues is set in brickwork or masonry m which is
provided with openings G capable of being securely closed by means of doors or
covers p. These openings are provided at either or both ends of the boiler and are
arranged in a line with the corresponding flues so as to enable the latter to be
readily cleaned out during working hours by means of brushes, scrapers, rakes
or other suitable appliances such as the brush hereinafter described and illustrated
in Figure 5.
In the case of Cornwall boilers whose setting is so arranged that the flame after
passing through the tubes circulates externally about the entire water space of the
boiler a mass or bank of brickwork is provided at the ends of the flues F and below
the openings G as indicated at H. Figure 4 which enables the ashes to be drawn
completely out of the tubes or flues F and prevents them from falling into the lower
flue F'.
In order to retain and concentrate the heat in the first flue when required a
sliding valve or damper is provided at the rear ends of the tubes F as represented

page_text: on the left hand side of the transverse section in Figures 1 and 2 and in the longi-
tudinal section in Figure 3 or when there is not room enough to work a sliding
damper, a species of adjustable firebridge c is formed at the rear end of the tube as
represented on the right hand in Figures 1 and 2 and in Figure 4.
This device consists of an upper fixed wall or plate of cast iron which may be
attached to the sides of the flue by flanges and a lower moveable wall or flap c
hinged or suspended on a pin or axis & Figure 4 so as to be capable of adjustment
by means of a chain enabling it to be placed in any suitable position so that when
the boiler is in use this flap c can be secured in any of the positions indicated in full
lines at y and by dotted lines at c and and also in the position indicated by dotted
lines at which enables the flue to be readily cleaned out.
In order to regulate the draught in each flue tube separately and enable the
entire transverse section of the flue to be opened or closed for the purpose of
cleaning out the fine tube or clearing or charging the fire, the sliding damper bis
preferably employed in combination with longitudinal partition walls d'e and f
dividing the flues into separate passages as represented in Figure 1.
In the case of Cornwall boilers in which difficulty is experienced in cleaning out
the flues owing to want of space at the ends of the boiler the flues are cleaned out
according to this invention by means of specially constructed cleaning tools provided
as represented in Figure 5 with handles w that are jointed or made in separate
sections of suitable length capable of being readily connected and disconnected the
cleaning tool consisting preferably of a brush with long steel wires w attached to a
back curved to fit the flue and provided with rollers w' to facilitate its
movements.
In certain cases the steam may be heated by means of a chamber or flue O
Figures 1 and 3 on the upper part of the boiler the said flue O being arranged to
receive the heat or products of combustion from the other flues.
Another example of this arrangement is illustrated in Figures 6 to 8. This
arrangement which is more particularly useful when a series of boilers is employed
enables the steam to be superheated and dried in a steam chamber arranged in the
aforesaid chamber or flue.
In the arrangement illustrated in the drawing the steam is heated in a steam
heater or chamber D common to all the boilers which is arranged near the front
ends of the boilers and extends through the brickwork at each end of the series.
By providing openings at S, Figure 6 in the brickwork about the water space near
the front end of the second part of the flue the non circulating or latent heat is
enabled to act upon the steam heater D. These openings are made of the same
width as the second lateral flues of the boilers and their length is equal to the
width of the arched chamber L containing the common steam chamber or heater D.
The flue space about this steam chamber above each boiler is separated from the
other flue spaces by partition walls m². This arrangement has the effect of
confining the action of the stagnant or latent heat proceeding from each boiler
to that part of the steam space above the corresponding boiler so that those
parts of the steam chamber which are situated over boilers which are in action
receive the latent heat whilst the other parts of the common steam space situated
over boilers which are out of action receive none of this heat being separated by
the partition walls m².
In case it is desired to allow the whole of the common steam chamber to be
always acted on by the latent heat the partition walls m² are dispensed with and
the openings S communicating with the lateral flues about the water space of
the boilers are provided with valves or dampers. In this case the dampers
of the openings communicating with those boilers which are in action are opened
and the dampers of the openings communicating with the boilers which are out of
action are closed in order that the heated gases from the other boiler flues may not
escape through these latter openings.
The steam chamber D is provided at both ends with steam domes a connected
through pipes provided with stop valves & with a common steam supply pipe M.

page_text: The steam pipe M is also connected by branch pipes V with the steam domes V
of the boilers and is provided with a stop valve at r. The extreme ends of the
chamber D projecting through the brickwork communicate with a water pipe C
extending along the front of the brickwork and communicating through branch
pipes provided with stop cocks d with the steam space in each boiler at a point
about midway from the water level.
This arrangement is provided for the purpose of preventing the water carried
over with the steam from passing to the engine house or other works through the
steam supply pipe M. By closing the steam cock and opening the two cocks s
the steam from the boilers can be caused to pass in the first instance through the
pipes M and into the steam chamber or heater D where the water in suspension
is collected or deposited and caused to return to the boilers through the water
pipe C. The steam in the steam chamber D being thus freed from the water
in suspension is superheated by the latent or stagnant heat in the gases from
the flues and is sent into the works or factory in a dry condition in which it
can be utilised to the best advantage.
By means of the arrangements hereinbefore described a saving of from about
20 to 25 per cent. is effected in the consumption of the fuel and the heating effect
is greatly increased.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In Cornwall and other like boilers with internal flues the arrangement of
openings G provided with tightly closing doors p in the masonry in a line with the
flues (with or without the bank of brickwork H and with or without the
cleaning implements with handles in separable sections constructed as illustrated
in Figure or otherwise) for the purpose of enabling the flues to be cleaned
out with facility substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1
to 5 of the accompanying drawings.
2. In combination with Cornwall and like boilers the sliding valve or damper b
or the adjustable bridge or valve arrangement (Figure 4) for baffling and concen-
trating the heat in the first part of the Hue employed either alone or in combination
with the partition walls de and f for regulating the draught in each individual flue
or completely opening or closing the latter substantially as herein before described
with reference to Figures 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings.
3. In combination with Cornwall and like boilers the arrangement of a chamber O
for receiving and storing up stagnant or latent heat from the furnace flues for
the purpose of heating or superheating the steam substantially as bereinbefore
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 7th day of December 1892.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
Agents.