IMPROVEMENTS IN FLUSHING APPARATUS 1°
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Gray Cameron at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th July 1883.
DAVID GRAY CAMERON of Palace Road, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FLUSHING APPARATUS
1°
"
12.
My invention relates to an arrangement of flushing apparatus designed to
prevent waste of water and to give a flush and also an after flush.
For this purpose I provide two upper chambers or two compartments in a tank
or cistern and these are supplied with water through a ball valve. Each of these
upper chambers or compartments communicates with a lower one by a pipe whose
lower end is sealed by water.in the lower chamber whilst the upper end rises some
distance within the upper chamber or compartment.
Within each upper chamber or compartment is an inverted cup, bell or cap
having within it at its upper part a valve of suitable material such as india rubber,
that will when in the lower position close the corresponding pipe. The two cups,
bells or caps are connected to a lever or beam whose fulcrum is situated between
them. One arm of this lever is extended to receive a cord or other suitable
attachment whereby it may be pulled down, so as to lower the one cup, bell or cap
and raise the other.
By a suitable load or weight the one is kept normally in the lowest position and
the other in the highest position.
Assuming the upper chamber or compartment containing the lowered cup, bell
or cap to be charged with water, if now the lever be operated so as to raise that
cup, bell or cap and to lower the other until the valve of the latter closes the pipe
it covers then a partial vacuum will be created within the pipe covered by the cup,
bell or cap now in the raised position, and that pipe will act as the longer leg of a
siphon so that water will flow through it into the chamber beneath and away to
the closet or other place to be flushed. On releasing the lever, the value that was
raised will be caused to descend and close its pipe and the other valve will be
caused to ascend and water to descend the corresponding pipe thus giving the after
flush.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said David Gray Cameron in the Patent Office on the 4th January
1884.
DAVID GRAY CAMERON of Palace Road, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey
IMPROVEMENTS IN FLUSHING APPARATUS
}
My invention relates to an arrangement. of flushing apparatus designed to
prevent waste of water and to give a flush and also an after flush. For this
purpose I provide two upper chambers or two compartments in a tank or cistern
and these are supplied with water through a ball valve. Each of these upper
chambers or compartments communicates with a lower one by a pipe whose lower
end is, sealed by, water in the lower chamber, whilst the upper end rises some
"distance within the upper chamber or compartment. Within each upper chamber
.vor compartment is an inverted cup, bell or cap having within it at its upper part
a valve of suitable material such as india rubber, that will when in the lower.
position close the corresponding pipe. The two cups, bells, or caps are connected
to a lever. or beam whose fulcrum is situated between them. One arm of this
lever is extended to receive a cord or other suitable attachment whereby it may
be pulled down, so as to lower the one cup, bell or cap and raise the other.
By a suitable: load or weight the one is kept normally in the lowest position and
the other in the highest position.
31
Fig 1 of the accompanying drawings is a vertical section in the line CD of
Fig 3 of my improved flushing apparatus.
Fig 2 is a cross section in the line A B'of Fig 1, and
Fig 3 is a plan.
a is a tank or cistern divided into two chambers or compartments by a
partition b, such chambers being supplied with water by a ball valve c. The two
chambers d d communicate with lower chambers, viz, d with e and d¹ with e¹.by
pipes ff whose lower ends are sealed by water in the said chambers e e¹ whilst
their upper ends, rise some distance within the upper, chambers or compartments
where they are bell mouthed as shewn. Within the upper chamber or compart-
ment d is an inverted cup, bell or cap g, and there is a similar cup, bell, or cap g¹
in d. The cup bell or cap g is made heavier than the cap g' to a sufficient extent
to keep it in the lowered position as shewn when not raised by the action of the
lever. Each cup, bell or cap has within it at its upper part a valve h or
.suitable material such as india-rubber that will when in the lower position close
the corresponding bell mouth end of the pipe for f as indicated to the left in
Fig 1. The two cups, bells, or caps g g¹ are connected to a lever or beam i whose
fulcrum is supported by the partition b. One. arm of this lever is extended.to
receive a cord or other suitable attachment at 7 whereby it may be pulled down so
as to lower the one cup; bell or cap g and raise the other g. The operation is as
follows:
"
of
Assuming the upper chamber or compartment d containing the lowered cup, bell
or cap g to be charged with water, if now the lever i be operated so as to raise
that cup, bell.or cap and to lower the other g¹ until the valve h¹ of the latter closes
the pipe then a partial vacuum will be created within the other pipe fcovered
by the cup, bell or cap g which is now in the raised position so that water from
the chamber d will flow through the said pipe. into the chamber e beneath and
away by the pipem to the closet or other place to be flushed. On releasing the
lever i the valve that was raised will be caused to descend and close its pipe f and
the other valve h will be caused to ascend as indicated to the right in Fig 1 and
water to descend the corresponding pipe f¹ thus giving the after flush.

page_text: It will be evident the same result may be attained if both the cups bells or
caps g g' be fixed in or slightly above the position shewn at g to the left in Fig 1,
only the valves h h being then attached to the lever i. In this case the valves h h¹
(or their equivalent) should be made of nearly equal diameter to the interiors of
their respective containing cups, bells or caps.
Although I have described the use of elastic valves h h¹ because I consider it
advantageous to use them, I would have it understood that the apparatus will work
without such valves--the tops of the cups, bells or caps serving the purpose, and
in this case the said tops may or may not when lowered actually touch the tops of
the pipes ff
Having described the nature of my said invention and the manner of carrying
it into practical effect I hereby declare that what I consider to be novel and
original and therefore claim as the invention secured to me under the Letters Patent
first hereinabove in part recited is :-
1 In a flushing apparatus the use of two chambers or compartments such
as d d each furnished with a syphon put in operation by a valve or cover the two
valves or covers being connected so that one is raised when the other is lowered
substantially as and for the purpose above described
2 The improved flushing apparatus constructed arranged and operating sub-
stantially as described and shewn, whether with or without the elastic valves h h¹.
In Witness whereof I the said David Gray Cameron have hereunto set my
hand and seal this third day of January in the year of our Lord one thousand
eighty hundred and eighty four
D. G. CAMERON (L.S.)