AN IMPROVED ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MACHINE
Year: 1855

page_text: Sealed the 5th October 1855, and dated the 11th April 1855.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. filed by the 'said Soren Hjorth at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Declaration, on
the 11th April 1855, pursuant to the 9th Section of the Patent Law
Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SOREN'
HJORTH, of Copenhagen, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention of "AN
IMPROVED ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MACHINE," and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
The electro-magnetic machines heretofore made have been deficient in that
continuation of action which is necessary for producing the length of stroke
requisite in the practical applications of such engines. Now, my Invention
relates to certain improved arrangements for this purpose, and consists in
combining a series of hollow electro-magnets, having their poles in opposito
directions, with a series of annular projecting surfaces within them in metallic

page_text: connection with the bows of such electro-magnets, and arranged so as to act
in succession upon a moveable compound electro-magnet, and thereby produce
a stroke of a length sufficient for practical purposes.
The accompanying Drawing shews a plan of my improved electro-magnetic
machine, the same letters indicating similar parts.
.
a, a, the series of electro-magnets, having their poles in opposite directions;
b, b, annular projecting surfaces; c, c, the compound electro-magnet, the poles
d of which are acted on by the series of annular surfaces in succession; d, the
poles of the compound electro-magnet, forming a ring; e, e, the commutator;
ff, a sliding apparatus for charging the stationary electro-magnets in
succession, between which are placed pieces g, g, of metal of inferior con-
ducting power to prevent the break of current which produces the spark.
The action of this engine is as follows:-The extreme electro-magnets
being respectively charged, so that one is neutral while the other has a dis-
similar polarity, the moving compound electro-magnet will be attracted to the
next series of electro-magnets charged in like manner while the preceding
are discharged, and so on in succession, the return stroke being performed in
the same way, the current round the moveable magnet having been in the
meantime changed by the commutator on the shaft. The prevention of the
spark, which is productive of such injurious consequences, is effected by con-
necting the conducting metallic surfaces of the sliding apparatus by means
of small pieces of metallic substances of inferior conducting power. In the
above arrangement, the secondary current induced in the coil of the neutral
electro-magnet passes in the same direction as the battery current, thus
assisting to increase the power.
.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that I claim as my Invention,
an electro-magnetic reciprocating engine constructed and arranged as above
described.
13.
In witness whereof, I, the said Soren Hjorth, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
TADAY
SOREN HJORTH. (L.S.)

page_text: LONDON:
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PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY:
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