Improved Indicating Mechanism for Use in connection with Paper Machines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Dec., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 11th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 11th Dec., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Indicating Mechanism for Use in connection with Paper
Machines. .
I, BENJAMIN CAWTHORN, Paper Mill Sub-Manager, of Hylton, R.S.O., in
the County of Durham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
This invention relates to machines employed in the manufacture of paper from
pulp, and has special reference to the construction and use in combination therewith
of indicating mechanism by which the variations occurring in the thickness of the
web passing through the machine can be ascertained with sufficient precision to
enable the paper to be manufactured to the intended or specified weight.
In carrying out my invention I take into account the fact that although the
variation in a single thickness of the web is usually too small to be easily indicated,
yet where the variations of several thickness of the web can be taken together,
the result sums up to a total which affords a means of indicating the extent of the
variation within the limits of commercial importance.
In carrying out my invention I avail myself of the fact that the web is passed
between a stack of calenders or rolls two or more deep, so that for instance where
four calenders are used the displacement of the top roll or calender will represent
the variation in the thickness of the web multiplied by four and so on for any other
number of rolls or calenders. The essential feature of my invention consists
in transmitting the movement representing this displacement of the top roll (the
top roll being of course the most effective for the purpose) to an indicator, and
for this purpose I make use of any suitable mechanism for multiplying the move-
ment of the roll to the extent required to make the pointer of the indicator record
the result on a dial. For example a bar pivotted to the stack frame so as to extend.
across and rest upon the top roll takes the form of a lever which for the purposes of
this invention extends a considerable distance beyond the point of support on the
roll, so that every movement of the roll due to its displacement as -variations occur.
in the thickness of the web is represented by a proportionately larger movement
of the extreme end of the free arm of the lever, as for instance, five to one, or any
other suitable predetermined ratio. This movement of the free end of the first
lever is then similarly transmitted for the like reason to the free end of a second.
lever which is furnished with a toothed are gearing into the arbor wheel of the
dial pointer; provision being made to adjust the connection between the two levers
to set the pointer at zero when the calenders are passing a web of normal thickness,,
so that as it turns to the right or left, figures, on the dial indicate the variation.
Or the dial
over or under the proper, thickness of web as the case may be.
itself may be adjustable about its centre so as to bring the pointer opposite zoro
But it must be
when the calenders are passing a web of normal thickness.
understood that as the object in view is to transmit the displacement of the
calender roll through multiplying mechanism to a dial pointer any suitable
mechanism may be employed, such as a train.of wheels, without departing from .the.
essential features of our invention.
Dated this 10th dex. of December 1894...
G. J. CLARKSON,
Chartered Patent Agent,
Stockton-on-Tees, Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improved Indicating Mechanism for Use in connection with Paper
Machines.
I, BENJAMIN CAWTHORN, of Hylton, R.S.O., in the County of Durham, Paper
Mill Sub-Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to machines employed in the manufacture of paper from
pulp, and has special reference to the construction and use in combination there
with of indicating mechanism by which the variations occurring in the thickness
of the web passing through the machine can be ascertained with sufficient precision
to enable the paper to be manufactured to the intended or specified weight.
In carrying out my invention I take into account the fact that although the
variation in a single thickness of the web is usually too small to be easily indicated,
yet where the variations of several thicknesses of the web can be taken together,
the result sums up to a total which affords a means of indicating the extent of
the variation within the limits of commercial importance. And I would here
remark that I claim to derive important practical advantage over the indicating
mechanism hitherto designed on lines sufficiently sensitive to derive its record from
the variation in one thickness only of the web, not only on the score of the
greater accuracy attainable in the record of the gauge seeing that by my
improvements the indicating mechanism derives its record from the accumulated
effect of such variation of thickness of the web when taken two or more times over
but also because the indicating mechanism itself need not be so extremely sensitive
and is therefore better adapted to the use for which it is intended.
In carrying out my invention I avail myself of the fact that the web is passed
between a stack of calenders or rolls two or more deep, so that for instance where
four calenders are used the displacement of the top roll or calender will represent
the variation in the thickness of the web multiplied by four, and so on for any other
number of rolls or calenders. The essential feature of my invention consists in
transmitting the movement representing this displacement. of the top roll (the
top roll being of course the most effective for the purpose) due to its greater
rélative displacement as variations occur in the thickness of the web, to an
indicator and for this purpose I make use of any suitable mechanism for multiplying
the movement of the said roll to the extent required to make the pointer of the
indicator record the result on a dial. For example a bar pivotted to the stack-
frame so as to extend across and rest upon the top roll takes the form of a lever
which for the purposes of this invention extends a considerable distance beyond the
point of support on the roll, so that every movement of the roll due to its displacement
as variations occur in the thickness of the web is represented by a proportionately
larger movement of the extreme end of the free arm of the lever, as for instance
five to one, or any other suitable predetermined ratio. This movement of the
free end of the first lever is then similarly transmitted for the like reason to
the free end of a second lever which is furnished with a toothed are gearing into the
arbor wheel of the dial pointer; provision being made to adjust the connection
between the two levers to set the pointer at zero when the calenders are passing
a web of normal thickness, so that as it turns to the right or left it points to
figures on the dial which indicate the variation over or under the proper thickness
of web as the case may be. Or the dial itself may be adjustable about its centre
so as to bring the pointer opposite zero when the calenders are passing
a web
of normal thickness. But it must be understood that as the object in view is to
transmit the displacement of the calender roll through multiplying mechanism to

page_text: a dial pointer any suitable indicating mechanism may be employed without departing
from the essential feature of my invention, such as a train of wheels or the
particular arrangement of mechanism illustrated in the drawings annexed to this
Specification which I will now proceed to describe as representing a convenient
form for carrying my invention into effect.
In the drawings
Figure 1 illustrates in end elevation a general view of a paper machine with
my improved indicating mechanism attached thereto.
Figure 2 is an enlarged detail in side elevation of the indicating mechanism; and
Figure 3 is a corresponding end elevation of the box and dial.
Referring to Figure 1 a represents the web of paper passing between the calender
rolls in the direction indicated by the arrows. is a lever pivotted to the stack
frame at c, the short arm of this lever is secured to the foot step d which rests
under the journal of the top calender or rolle. The long arm of the lever b extends
a considerable distance beyond the point of support c so that every movement of
the top roll due to its displacement as variations occur in the thickness of the web
is represented by a proportionately larger movement of the extreme end of the long
arm of the lever, as for instance five to one or any suitable pre-determined ratio.
This movement of the free end of the lever b is then similarly transmitted for the
like reason to an adjustable rod f which passes through the box or casing 9 and
is connected to the system of short levers h h h h as illustrated in Figure 2
the lever being furnished with a toothed arc h gearing into the arbor wheel of
the dial pointer j; provision being made to adjust the connection between these
levers to set the pointer j at zero when the calenders are passing a web of normal
thickness so that as it turns to the right or left figures on the dial k indicate the
variation over or under the proper thickness of web as the case may be. In order
to maintain a constant pressure on the lever h³ so as to keep the foot step d up to
the journal e, I provide the spring for this purpose. m' m are pins or stops for
limiting the action of the lever h³.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
Firstly. In combination with a paper machine as a means of guaging the
thickness of web passing through the machine, the use of mechanism designed to
trausinit the displacement of the top or other suitable roll to the pointer of a
dial, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Secondly. In combination with a paper machine the means for guaging the
thickness of web passing through the rolls in which the greater relative displace-
ment of the top or other roll and due as herein before described to the accumulated
effect of the several thicknesses of web passing through the machine is utilized
and transmitted through suitable mechanism to the pointer of a dial substantially
as and for the purpose as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 10th day of October 1895.