Improvements in and relating to Beating Up Mechanism for Looms.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 12th Sept., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Beating Up Mechanism for
Looms.
I, ELMER GATES, of the corner of Connecticut Avenue and Chevy Chase
Circle, in the Town of Chevy Chase, County of Montgomery, and State of
Maryland, United States of America, Scientist, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In looms as heretofore constructed the reed has been supported upon and carried
by an oscillatory frame, suitably connected to the main frame of the machine, and
mechanism of any convenient character has transmitted motion from the driving
shaft to the said oscillatory frame to occasion the timely and appropriate move-
ment of the reed for the purpose of beating the weft up to the web.
The mechanism heretofore employed in the beating up of the weft has, however,
been cumbrous, weighty and costly, both in construction and operation.
It is the object of my invention to provide a loom with electrically-actuated, as
opposed to mechanically actuated, mechanism for the purpose of beating up the
weft, and to thereby dispense with the heavy and costly mechanical structures
heretofore necessary.
In the accompanying drawings I show and herein I describe a good form of a
convenient embodiment of my invention, the particular subject-matter claimed as
novel being hereinafter definitely specified.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figures 1, 2, and 3, are views in top plau of a reed, assumed to be of ordinary
construction, and of mechanism adapted to be electrically actuated, to effect the
required reciprocation of said reed, and illustrative respectively of three different
arrangements (shown in diagrammatic plan) of electric circuits through which the
electrically-actuated mechanisms referred to are operated.
Figures 4, 5, and 6, are views of a modified form of reed shown in connection
with electrically-actuated mechanism.
Figure 7 is a view in side elevation of a further modified arrangement of reed
and reed-actuating device, shown in connection with the fabric winding beam, the
warp beams, guide rolls, and a pair of heddles.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
Referring first to Figure 1, A is a reed frame supposed to be of ordinary
construction.
1 and 2 indicate respectively two sets of coils or solenoids, each set consisting of
two solenoids, those of set 1 being respectively designated B and C, and those of
set 2 being respectively designated B and C.
The two coils or solenoids 131, C1, are preferably mounted upon a common
spool D, and the two coils or solenoids B, C are preferably mounted upon a
common spool D.
Within the hollow interiors of the spools D D*,-aud which spools are
conveniently, as shown, located in parallelism with each other in planes
perpendicular with respect to the vertical plane of the reed A,-are contained
respectively a pair of cores E Ex of suitable magnetic material, each provided
with a core extension, respectively designated e ex, and the outer extremities of
which extensions are fixidly attached to the reed A.
As will be readily understood by those familiar with electric science, when the

page_text: coils B1, B2 are thrown into circuit or energized while the coils C, C remain out
of circuit or unenergized, the magnetic influence of the first named coils will act
upon the cores E E* and occasion their longitudinal movement to a position in
which their centers coincide with the centers of the energized coils or solenoids,
while, when the coils or solenoids first mentioned are cut out of, and the coils or
solenoids C, C are thrown into, circuit, the last named coils or solenoids will act
upon the cores and occasion their movement in the opposite direction to a position
in which their centers coincide with the centers of said last named coils.
When, then, the coils 131 B2 and C' C are regularly alternately thrown into and
out of circuit, the effect will, as is obvious, be to impart regular longitudinal
movement of reciprocation to the cores and to the reed frame with which they are
connected.
F indicates a dynamo, and G G¹ the main conductors leading therefrom..
g' is a branch of the conductor G, the intermediate portion of which brauch is
bent to form, or is in circuit with, the coils or solenoids C2 C' and beyond the
coil C¹ is provided with the branches gg which terminate respectively in the
terminals g², g³.
The conductor G itself is as to its intermediate portion bent to form or is in
circuit with the coils or solenoids B2 B', and beyond the coil B' ends in a
terminal in the vicinity of the terminal g*.
The main conductor G₁ is provided with a terminal G2 in the vicinity of the
terminal gº.
G is a connecting conductor, provided at one end, in the vicinity of the
terminals g³, with a terminal G-and at the other end, in the vicinity of the
terminals G2, with a terminal G.
G' is a switch tongue extending from the terminal Gs between the terminals g* h³,
and normally in contact with the terminal h³,-and G is a switch tongue extending
from the terminal G2 between the terminals G', g' and normally in contact with
the terminal G.
From an examination of the arrangement shown in Figure 1, it will be under
stood that the branch g and the coils with which it is in circuit, and the
conductor G and the coils with which it is in circuit, are arranged in multiple
circuit, and it will be understood that when the switch tongues G G7 are in the
position shown in said figure, the circuit which includes the coils B2 B₁ will be
closed through the conductor G, switch tougue G', connecting conductor G³
switch tongue G, and conductor G¹,-and said coils will therefore be energized
and the cores drawn to a position in which their centers coincide with the centers
of said coils (which position said cores are shown as occupying) with the result
that the reed frame A will be held in its outermost and normal position.
When, however, the switch tongue G' is carried into contact with the terminal g*,
while the switch tongue G remains in the position shown in Figure 1,-the circuit
which includes the coils, B1 B2 will be thrown open, and the circuit which includes
the coils CC will be closed through the branch wire g', branch wire g³, switch
tongue G', connecting conductor G, switch tongue G, and conductor G-or
when, on the other hand, the switch tongue G is carried into contact with the
terminal 9 while the switch tongue G' remains in the position shown in Figure 1,
the circuit which includes the coils B1 B2 will similarly be thrown open, and the
circuit which includes the coils CC closed through the branch g', branch wire g³,
switch tongue G and conductor G,-with the result in either case that the coils
or solenoids C C will be energized and the cores E E* be drawn to a position in
which their centers coincide with the centers of said coils, whereby the reed
frame A will be carried to its innermost position.
The switch tongues G' G' may be operated by any convenient instrumentality,
but prefer to arrange said tongues and the terminals with which they are
operatively associated as described, in juxtaposition to a moving part of the loom
so as to be automatically operated by it, and I prefer to locate the terminals 9'³ ³
and the switch tongue G at one, and the terminals g³, G G³, and the switch

page_text: tongue G at the other, end of the shuttle race, and to so set the switch tongues,
which are, as stated, respectively normally in contact with the respective
terminals 3G, that they extend into the path of the shuttle and are respectively
encountered and deflected by said shuttle at the respective ends of its throw.
As a result of this arrangement the shuttle will at the termination of its throw
to the right hand deflect the spring tongue G into contact with the terminal g
and thereby throw the coils B1 B2 out of circuit and the coils C C into circuit to
effect the drawing in of the cores and the corresponding movement of the reed
frame A, and will at the termination of its throw, to the left, (the spring tongue G
baving in the meantime automatically reseated itself against the terminal Gas
soon as the shuttle released it upon leaving said right hand end of the race, thereby
throwing the coils B1 B2 into circuit and restoring the reed frame to its outer
position) deflect the spring tongue G7 into contact with the terminal and again
throw the coils B' B2 out of, and the coils C1 C2 into, circuit to effect another
drawing in of the reed frame, and so on.
The arrangement shown in Figure 2 of the drawings is identical in principle
with the arrangement shown in Figure 1, with the exception that the coils B₁ B
are wound upon auxiliary spools structurally independent of the spools D D*,
being arranged in axial alignment with said spools D D*, while the core
extensions e ex are provided at their extremities farthest from said spools D D*
with auxiliary cores E' E².
The reed frame A is, in the arrangement of Figure 2, mounted upon or connected
with the core extensions e ex at points of the latter intermediate of the cores E E*
and E E2 instead of being connected to the extremities of the core extensions as
in the arrangement shown in Figure 1.
The arrangement shown in Figure 3 is one in which the coils or solenoids B₁ B³
and their circuit wire are omitted, and the cores E Ex provided with rearwardly
protruding axial extensions e³ e conveniently equipped respectively with caps or
projections e and with spiral pull springs ee which connect respectively with
said projections and the adjacent ends of the spools D D*.
branches
tongues gigi
The main line conductor G is bent to form or is in circuit with, both of the
coils CC, and is provided with two branches 9' 9 terminating respectively in the
terminals g The other main conductor G', is provided with the two
ending respectively in terminals g13 g provided with the switch
As will be understood in the arrangement shown in Figure 3 the spiral pull
springs operate, (as do the normally energized coils B B of the arrangement
shown in Figure 1,) to normally maintain the reed frame A in its outermost
position, and, as will be further understood, when either of the switch tongues g gle
of Figure 3 is closed by the shuttle, the circuit which includes the coils shown is
closed, and the cores drawn in, against the stress of said springs, to occasion the
inward movement of the reed frame, the springs operating, as soon as said coils
are thrown out of circuit by the springing open of a switch upon the removal of
the shuttle, to force the frame A out into the position shown in Figure 3.
The various conductors and parts shown in the several figures are, in the
mounting of the loom, to be located and arranged in such manner as convenience
of manufacture and ease of operation may dictate, and the application of the
circuits and mechanisms described to a loom of ordinary construction is a matter
within the capacity of any ordinarily skilled constructor.
While I have for simplicity of description assumed the movement of the cores
and reed to be in right lines, it is obvious that my invention is not to be considered
as restricted to constructions to which movement of that character is incident.
It is also obvious that any desired number of coils, either greater or less than
the number indicated in Figure 3, may be employed in connection with a single
reed frame.
The reed frame or reed A herein before referred to, I have assumed to be one of
ordinary construction.

page_text: In Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 however, I show a novel form of reed frame, the same
consisting of a comb-like plate the teeth of which are curved upwardly at their
free extremities to form the reeds proper, and in Figures 4 and 5 show said reed
frame, which is designated Ax, as balanced, so to speak, upon a transversely-extending
bar L, and pivotally connected at its inner extremity to the outer extremity of the
core extension of a core arranged in connection with a solenoid the axis of which
is but slightly inclined from the vertical.
In this arrangement, which may when desired be resorted to in cases where it
is desired to have the coils and cores occupy positions beneath and out of the way
of the warp threads,-upon the projection of the core from the coil, the reed frame
is moved bodily across the bar or pivot L to its outermost position, as shown in
Figure 4, in which its upturned fingers m which constitute reeds and between
which exist the reed spaces, are some distance beyond the edge of the fabric and
outside the path traversed by the shuttle N in its movement,-while, upon the
drawing in of the core, the frame is moved bodily backward across the bar or
pivot to its innermost position, shown in Figure 5, in which movement the
upturned fingers catch the weft thread laid in by the shuttle and carry it against
the edge of the fabric. a is a C-spring, one end of which is secured to the core
extension, and the other bears upon the reed frame to maintain it down against
the bar or pivot L.
In the modified arrangement of reed frame shown in Figure 7, the coil is located
beneath and axially in parallelism with the direction of movement of the warp
threads, and upon the outer end of the core piece, which is shown as cone-shaped,
is directly mounted a reed frame of the construction shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6.
In this arrangement my improved form of reed frame is reciprocated horizontally
backwards and forwards in the manner described with relation to the ordinary form
of reed frame shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3. In the arrangement shown in Figure 7
the reed frame may act, as will be understood, as the shuttle bar, or race.
The coils shown in Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 may be connected up in circuits
arranged in the manner illustrated in Figures 1, 2, or 3, of the drawings, or in any
other preferred manner involving such departure therefrom as may be within the
spirit of my invention.
The reed frames shown in Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7, may be made of the full breadth
of the fabric, or may be made in independent sections each operated by an
independent electrically actuated mechanisın.
In Figure 7 the cloth winding roll is designated O, the warp beams P, the guide
rolls Q, the heddle frames R, and the warp threads S.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a loom, in combination, with a reed frame, a coil or solenoid, a magnetizable
device, one of said devices being fixed and the other movable, the movable device
being connected to said reed frame, an electric circuit, and means for throwing
said coil into and out of circuit,-substantially as set forth.
2. In a loom, in combination, a reed frame, a coil or solenoid, and a magnetizable
device connected to said reed frame, an electric circuit, and a switch mounted in
said circuit and arranged to be shifted by a moving part of the loom,-substantially
as set forth.
3. In a loom, in combination, a reed frame, a pair of coils or solenoids, a
magnetizable device or core connected with the reed frame, an electric generator,
conductors by which said coils may be connected in multiple with said generator,
and means for alternately opening and closing the multiple circuits,-substantially
as set forth.
4. In a loom, in combination, a reed frame, a pair of coils or solenoids, a
magnetizable device or core connected with the reed frame, an electric generator,
conductors by which said coils are connected in multiple with said generator, a

page_text: switch by which one of said multiple circuits is maintained normally closed,.
said switch being arranged in such position as to be encountered by a moving
part of the machine and moved to close the other of said circuits,-substantially
as set forth.
5. In a loom, in combination, a reed frame, a pair of coils or solenoids, a
magnetizable device or core connected to the reed frame, an electric generator,
a first conductor leading from the generator and provided with two branches in
circuit respectively with respective coils, a second conductor leading from the
generator, a switch by which said second conductor is maintained normally in
circuit with one of the branches of the first conductor, and means for throwing
said switch to place said second conductor in circuit with the other branch of the
first conductor, substantially as set forth.
6. In a loom, in combination, a reed frame, a pair of coils or solenoids, a
magnetizable device or core connected to said reed frame, an electric generator,
a first conductor leading from the generator and provided with two branches
one of which is in circuit with one coil beyond which it ends in a terminal ³,
the other of which branches is in circuit with the other coil beyond which it
is provided with the terminals 99,-a second conductor leading from the
generator and provided with the terminal G2,-a connecting conductor leading
from the vicinity of the terminals g h³ which are at one end of the shuttle
race, to the vicinity of the terminals Gg which are at the other end of the
shuttle race, and provided at its respective ends with terminals G and G', a
switch tongue connected to the terminal G normally extending across the shuttle
race and in contact with the terminal h, but adapted to be deflected into contact
with the terminal 9-and a switch tongue connected with the terminal G²
normally extending across the shuttle race and in contact with the terminal G* but
adapted to be deflected into contact with the terminal 9,-substantially as set
forth.
7. In a loom, in combination, a reed frame consisting of a plate having a series
of fingers extending at right angles to its body, a coil or solenoid provided with a
core or magnetizable device connected with said reed frame, and means for
throwing said coil into or out of circuit, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 11th dox of Angust 1896
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.