Improved Construction of Floors and Ceilings.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Feb., 1893-Accepted, 1st Apr., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Construction of Floors and Ceilings.
I, JOHANNES FRANZ KLEINE, of Essen on the Ruhr, Germany, Builder, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :—
Floors and ceilings as heretofore constructed with iron beams are in many cases
too complicated, and require to be of too great a weight on account of the greater
height necesitated by the arched constructions of floors, and consequently are too
expensive.
The hardening and drying of the concrete arches requires a considerable length
of time, and such concrete arches exert too great a lateral pressure, even greater
than stone arches; and lastly tho appearance of such arched floors and ceilings is
such as to restrict their application to subordinate localities.
Other constructions of floors and ceilings are most unsuitable because the
materials employed are in great part plaster of paris, the physical properties of
which require such floors and ceilings to be preserved from all wet or damp.
My present invention has for its object to obviate the above named defects; I
will describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1
shews a section of the floor transversely to the iron beams and Fig. 2 shows a section
on line zz Fig. 1. Figs. 1^ and 24 shew corresponding views to Figs. 1 and 2 in
which suspension irons n are employed in addition.
In order to construct a floor with iron beams that shall be suitable for all
dwelling and other rooms, and that shall present a plain ceiling, or one with
pannelled recesses, there are introduced between the iron beams slabs formed of
natural or artificial stone blocks secured together by cement, hydraulic mortar, or
the like, b, and having iron bars, placed on edge, a, introduced between the joints;
or the said slabs are formed ad hoe between the iron girders, like flat arches.
s
The very slight transverse strains to which the blocks and their cementing
material are subject, can be. entirely taken by suspension irons n or other suitable
supporting devices, which are connected to the iron bars a in any suitable manner.
By the employment of the above described mode of construction a very advan-
tageous result in the construction of iron girder floors is obtained. The method of
construction is very simple, and requires no expensive arrangements.
The strength of the combined materials is utilised in a very advantageous manner,
and a considerable carrying power is obtained with a comparatively small height of
construction and moderate weight. Every prejudicial lateral pressure, such as
occurs with arched floors, is obviated.
The iron girder floors thus constructed are very suitable for all dwelling and
other rooms, and afford a cheap construction combined with economy of space.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
In the construction of iron girder floors and ceilings, the employment of a slab
or flat arch between the girders built up of artificial or natural stone blocks a united
together by suitable cementitious matter b, in the joints of which are imbedded
iron bars a placed on edge, substantially as described.
Dated this 2nd dex of February 1893.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.