IMPROVE- MENTS IN KITCHEN RANGES AND FIRE-PLACES OR STOVES FOR COOKING AND HEATING AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Bennett, of Aston, near Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Builder, and John Currall, of Birmingham,
aforesaid, Kitchen Range Fitter, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN KITCHEN RANGES AND FIRE-PLACES OR STOVES FOR COOKING AND
HEATING AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bennett and
John Currall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 1st December 1869.
We, WILLIAM BENNETT, of Aston, near Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Builder, and JOHN CURRALL, of Birmingham, aforesaid,,
Kitchen Range Fitter, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN KITCHEN RANGES AND FIRE-PLACES OR STOVES FOR COOKING,
AND HEATING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows :-
Our Invention consists of the improvements in and additions to-
kitchen ranges and fire-places or stoves for cooking and heating herein-
after described, also of the improvements herein-after described in

page_text: apparatus or blowers for improving or regulating the draft of the said
kitchen ranges and fire-places or stoves.
Our Invention consists 'essentially of the following improvements:-
Firstly. Of a fire panel placed immediately over the fire and resting
on the hobs, and having a front plate for filling the opening left by the
"fall bar" when down. A soot pipe or flue is fixed on the top of the
fire panel, the said pipe or flue passing through an opening in the top
cover of the grate. A plate at the back of the panel closes the opening
at the back of the grate. The draught is regulated by a throttle valve in
the flue. In order to obtain more heating surface the pipe or flue after
ascending may be made to descend through a short elbow down a second
pipe or flue before passing to the chimney.
Secondly. Of a small hot plate suitable for one cooking utensil. This
consists of a fire panel with a hole and loose cap. This panel does not
rest on the hobs, but is raised by a square frame to any desired height.
The panel is partitioned inside so as to make the fire ascend to the top
and down again before passing to the chimney. The draught is regulated
by drawing the hot plate or panel more or less forward.
Thirdly. Of a combined hot plate and boiler, one side of which can be
used as a hot plate and the other side as a boiler. This consists of a frame
with a rebate or bearing all round for carrying the fire panel, a recess or
boiler being cast on one side of the fire panel to receive water, or an
opening may be made for the reception of a loose boiler. This hot plate
rests upon the hobs of an ordinary grate, oven, or fire-place or stove, and
its interior is arranged so that the fire passes along one side of the hot
plate, then in front, or back to the other side before passing to the
chimney; or the fire after traversing one side of the hot plate is brought
out in front for the purpose of heating the oven herein-after described.
The top of this hot plate has loose panels for cooking utensils, or when
all the panels are removed for one large or three small ovens. When
all the panels are in their places they may be made to form the bottom
of the oven by enclosing the space over the hot plate by means of sliding
or other doors. The heat of the said panels and that of the back of the
enclosed space is sufficient for baking or roasting.
Fourthly. Instead of fitting the skirting plates or backs and sides of
ranges and grates on the tops of the hobs and hot plates as is usual we
let them below the surface of the hot plate into the rebate, forming a
bearing herein-before described provided for the panel of the hot plate;

page_text: or the rebates may be made in the back and side plates instead of on the
hot plate.
Fifthly. Of an oven to be fixed in front of the fire, the hot air from
which fire after traversing one side of the hot plate herein-before
described is brought out in front and made to circulate around the said
oven, and afterwards to traverse the other side of the hot plate before
passing into the chimney. This oven is loose fitted and has two
moveable backs, one of sheet iron and the other of wire gauze, by the
use of which the oven can be used as an open or close hastener or
roaster or baking oven. The top of the oven consists of two loose panels,
by removing one of which the other can be moved nearer to or further
from the fire. In this sliding part or panel a round hole is made in
which a loose rotating cap is fitted; to this cap a rack with one or more
hanging hooks may be attached. The bottom of the oven is a loose
panel capable of being removed for cleaning or other purpose. Instead
of directing the fire around the oven through the hot plate described the
said oven may be heated by a hollow rest or hot plate at the bottom of
the grate. The fire descends at the back of the grate into the hollow
rest, and after having circulated around the oven passes through the said
hollow rest to the chimney. When the oven is removed the hollow rest
forms a hot plate or support for the ash pan.
Sixthly. Of moveable bottoms to grates, one of which consists of a
grating made to hang upon and be supported by the front bars, and
another of a frame carrying a revolving cylindrical bottom, by moving
which with the poker the ash is made to fall and the combustion of the
fuel promoted.
Seventhly. Of an arrangement of apparatus for conducting the fire
from a range, grate, or stove into the room for the purpose of heating
the room.
This consists of a flue resting on the turned down fall bar,
and carried the required distance from the fire into the room; the said
flue returns into the chimney through an opening at the back of the
grate and under the fire-place. A fire panel on the hobs closes the
opening over the fire and that at the back of the grate.
Eighthly. Of a draw plate or blower having a division or partition in
its interior by which the current of heated air from the fire is made to
ascend in the front part of the blower and descend again behind the said
partition before passing up the chimney; the heat from the fire is
thereby radiated, into the room. The blower may have a loose-front

page_text: raised or lowered by studs and slots or by a rack for the
purpose of
regulating its action; this loose front may be made either of wire gauze
or sheet iron. The wire gauze shows the fire as it ascends in the front
part of the blower. When however a quick draught is required the sheet
iron front must be used. The back of the blower entirely closes the
opening in the back of the grate; the draught may be regulated by
drawing the blower more or less forward; the blower may be made with
or without the partition described. For ranges or grates with deep hot
plates we prefer to make the blower in two halves. In this case by
moving the blower into one position the fire passes directly up the
chimney, and by moving it into another position the fire is made to pass
through the front of the blower.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Bennett and John Currall in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 23rd May 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
BENNETT, of Aston, near Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Builder, and JOHN CURRALI, of Birmingham, aforesaid, Ritchen Range
Fitter, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said William Bennett and John Currall,
Her special licence that we, the said William Bennett and John Currall,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
William Bennett and John Currall, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN KITCHEN RANGES AND FIRE-PLACES OR
STOVES FOR COOKING AND HEATING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William Bennett
and John Currall, our executors or administrators, by an instrument

page_text: in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand, and
scal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent...
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Bennett and John Currall,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:
Our Invention consists of the improvements in and additions to
kitchen ranges and fire-places or stoves for cooking and heating herein-
after described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, also of
the improvements herein-after described and illustrated in the accom
panying Drawings in apparatus or blowers for improving or regulating
the draught of the said kitchen ranges and fire-places or stoves.
Our Invention consists essentially of the following improvements:-
Our Invention consists, firstly, of a fire panel placed immediately over
the fire and resting on the hobs and having a front plate for filling the
opening left by the "fall bar" when down. A soot pipe or flue is fixed
on the top of the fire panel, the said pipe or flue passing through an
opening in the top cover of the grate. A plate at the back of the panel
closes the opening at the back of the grate. The draught is regulated
by a throttle valve in the fluc. In order to obtain more heating
surface the pipe or flue after ascending may be made to descend through
a short elbow down a second pipe or fluo before passing to the chimney ;.
in either case the opening at the back of the grate is closed; or the
flues may be situated horizontally so as to project from the grates.
This part of our Invention is illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
and 7 of the accompanying Drawings. Figure 1 represents in front
elevation, and Figure 2 in transverse vertical section one arrangement
of this part of our Invention applied to an ordinary kitchen range or
grate; Figure 3 represents in plan, and Figure 4 in side elevation the
same detached. The same letters indicate the same parts in Figures 1,
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 74. a is the fire panel having a back plate 6, and a
front plate c.
Fitted in a hole in the middle of the said panel a is a
vertical soot pipe or flue . The panel a is placed over the top of the
grate e, as seen in Figures 1 and 2, the said panel being supported in

page_text: its place by the parts at a² resting on the hobs d, d, or the fire panel
may rest on a rebate screwed to the hobs. When the panel a is fitted
to the grate the front plate c fills up the opening left by the depressed
fall bar, and the back plate b closes the opening g to the chimney h
at the back of the grate. The front plate c may either be fixed as
represented or be jointed to the panel a, so as to be capable of opening
and closing for feeding the fire. Or the plate c may be dispensed with,
and a plate be fitted to the ordinary fall bar, or a plain or unperforated
fall bar may be used. At the top of the grate is an opening or flue i
communicating with the chimney h. Into this opening i the upper end
of the soot pipe or flue k is inserted as illustrated in the Drawing. When
this apparatus is applied to the kitchen range or grate the whole of the
top of the grate e, and the opening to the chimney are closed, and the
flame and heated air escape to the chimney h through the soot pipe or
fluck, as indicated by the arrows, the draught through the said flue
being regulated by the throttle valve 1. The heated air which would
otherwise pass direct to the chimney h is thereby conducted through the
flue before it passes to the chimney. The said flue / becomes thereby
highly heated, and the heat radiated therefrom assists in heating the
room or apartment in which the grate is situated. The fire panel a is
fitted to the grate and removed therefrom by means of the handle m
connected to the soot pipe or flue k. Instead of making the flue k pass
through an opening in the top cover of the grate into the flue i, as
represented in Figure 2, the said flue k may be made to pass through an
opening in the upper part of the back plate 2 or through one of the
side plates of the grate. In the latter case the flue k is prolonged and
greater heating surface is secured.
Figure 5 represents in vertical section an arrangement of our Invention
applied to a kitchen range or grate in which additional heating surface
is obtained; Figure 6 represents the same in front elevation, and Figure'
the same in side elevation detached. In this arrangement the opening or
flue i at the top of the grate is omitted and the fire panel a is provided
with two soot pipes or flues k, k, the pipe or flue opening into the
chimney through a hole in the back plate 6 of the panel. The two
flues k, k, are connected together by the elbow . In this arrangement
the flame and heated air from the fire in the grate e first ascend the flue /
and pass by the elbow ³ to the second flue k³, down which they descend,
and from thence escape to the chimney as indicated by the arrows.

page_text: Figure 7 represents in perspective another arrangement of this part of
our Invention. In this arrangement the two flues k, k, are situated nearly.
horizontally and project from the front of the grate. The open end of the
bottom flue k is situated below and in front of the fire panel a and fills up
the space left by the depressed fall bar. The front end of the flue / rests.
on the fall bar. The end of the upper flue passes through the back
plate 6 which closes the chimney hole and opens into the chimney. The
flame and heated air enter the open end of the flue at the front of the
grate, and circulate through the said flue and the upper flue / before
they enter the chimney. The upper side of the bottom flue k is made
flat, and on the said flat flue smoothing irons, cooking and other
vessels, and other articles may be heated. The flue may be turned
upwards and pass through the top covering or back or side plate
of the grate into the chimney. The fire panel a, Figures 1 to 74, and
parts connected therewith may be modified in the following manner
for the purpose of fitting the apparatus for use for heating purposes
or for cooking purposes as may be required, that is to say, the flue
or flues are made capable of removal at pleasure from the firo
panel a, and the opening in the fire panel a may be used to receive
a cooking utensil, and the said fire panel may be made to slide back or
on cither side of the hot plates or hobs, the said fire panel working
on a rebate or plate frame either loose, fitted to, or cast on the hot plates.
When the fire panel a is made to slide on either side the hot plates,
the rebate is fitted or cast to the under side of the hot plates.
cither of the cases described the plate closing the opening at the
back of the grate is attached to and situated behind the back or covering
plates or to the hot plates, or to the rebate carrying the fire panel. The
closing plate b, may in this arrangement be jointed at bottom and be
made to incline backwards and forwards. When the fire panel a is
thrown back for making an open fire the jointed back plate b may be
made to fall backwards and open the chimney hole, and when a close
fire is to be used the said back plate 6 is again brought forward so as to
close the chimney hole. The arrangements of our Invention represented
in Figures 1 to 7 may be applied to firc-places or stoves as well as to
kitchen ranges.
In
Our Invention consists, secondly, of a small hot plate suitable for one
or more cooking utensils. This consists of a fire panel with a hole or
holes and a loose cap or caps. This panel does not rest on the hobs,
but is raised by a square frame to any desired height. The panel is

page_text: partitioned inside so as to make the fire ascend to the top and down
again before passing to the chimney. The draught is regulated by
drawing the hot plate or panel more or less forward.
This part of our Invention is illustrated in Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12
of the Drawings, Figure 8 representing the hot plate in vertical section
applied to a kitchen range or grate, and Figure 9 a plan; Figure 10, a
back elevation, Figure 11, a plan with the fire panel removed; and
Figure 12 a front elevation of the same detached. The same letters
indicate the same parts in Figures 8 to 12. p is the fire panel provided
with a hole g and a loose cap to close the said hole. The said fire panel
is supported above the hobs of the grate by the square frame r, r, ³, 1³, the
said frame resting on the hobs. The said frame is open at the bottom r
and has a partition 7 inside as represented. When this hot plate is
placed upon the hobs of the grate and over the top of the fire in the
grate e the said top of the grate and the opening to the chimney h
are closed the flame and heated air passing through the hot plate before
passing to the chimney. The lower part of the front plate of the
frame fills the opening left by the depressed fall bar and the back
plate of the said frame closes the opening g at the back of the grate.
The part of the plate which closes the opening left by the fall bar
may be jointed to the frame for supplying the grate with fuel, or a
plate may be secured to the fall bar. The flame and heated air from
the grate e rise up the frame of the hot plate and heat the fire panel p.
They then pass over the top of the partition
bottom of the frame and escape by the opening
frame to the chimney h as indicated by the arrows.
plate represented is only shown with one hole yet it may be provided
with two or more holes so as to be capable of heating when required
two or more cooking utensils at the same time. The draught through
the fire is regulated by drawing the frame or hot plate supporting the
fire panel p more or less forward. When the hot plate is not required
it is removed by simply lifting it from the grate.
and descend to the
in the back of the
Although the hot
Our Invention consists, thirdly, of a hot plate or a combined hot
plate and boiler, one side serving as a hot plate and the other side as a
boiler. This consists of a frame made in halves or cast in one piece, a
rebate or bearing all round carrying the fire panels, a recess or boiler
being cast on one side of the fire panel to receive water, or an opening
may be made for the reception of a loose boiler. This hot plate rests

page_text: upon the hobs of an ordinary grate, oven, fire-place, or stove, and its
interior is arranged so that the fire passes along one side of the hot
plate, then in front, or back to the other side before passing to the
chimney. The top of the hot plate has loose panels for cooking utensils,
or when all the panels are removed for one large or three small ovens.
When the panels are in their places they may be made to form the
bottom of an oven by enclosing the space over the hot plate by means of
sliding or other doors.
This part of our Invention is illustrated in Figures 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
18, 19, and 20 of the Drawings. We will first describe the hot plate,
Figures 13, 14, and 15 represent front clevations of an ordinary kitchen
range provided with a hot plate constructed according to our Invention;
Figure 16 represents a horizontal section of Figure 13 on the dotted
line A, A; and Figure 17 represents a horizontal section of Figure 14
on the dotted line B, B. In Figures 13 and 16 a boiler is represented
combined with the hot plate, and in Figures 14 and 17 the hot plate is
represented without a boiler. The same letters of reference indicate the
same parts in Figures 13 to 20. The hot plate in this arrangement
consists of a flat rectangular frame or box a, a, which rests upon the
hobs d, d, of the grate. At the back of the hot plate a, a, is a plate c
by which the opening to the chimney is closed, and at the front of the
said hot plate is a second plate,c by which the space left by the fall bar f
when down is closed. The said hot plate a, a, is divided into three
compartments g, h, i, by the partitions k, k, (sce Figure 16). The
bottom of the middle compartment g immediately above the top of the
grate is open to the fire, and the two side compartments h, i, are
connected together by the flue m in front of the hot plate a. The flame
and heated air entering the middle compartment g of the hot plate pass
by the side opening n into the compartment h, and thence by means of
the external flue m to the other compartment i, and finally escape to the
chimney h, as indicated by the arrows. By thus making the flame and
heated air circulate through the hot plate the whole of it is thoroughly
heated. The top of the hot plate a, a, has three loose fire pancls for
cooking utensils; two of these loose panels are represented in Figure 17
and marked p, q. The said fire panels are supported on a rebate or
bearing made all round the hot plate a, a. This rebate is best seen in
the plan, Figure 20, and is marked a². When a boiler is combined with
the hot plate, as represented in Figures 13 and 16, where the boiler is

page_text: marked, the said boiler may be cast in one piece with the fire panel, or
an opening may be left in the hot plate for the reception of a loose
boiler. The way in which the boiler is heated by the current of hot air
passing through the hot plate is shown in Figure 10. When a loose boiler
is used with the hot plate (when the latter forms a permanent part of the
grate) the said boiler may be made of any required depth, the said boiler
depending below the hot plate into the hollow part of the grate. The
way in which a small oven is combined with the hot plate a, a, is repre-
sented in Figures 14 and 17. The said oven is marked 8, and consists of
a square box or chamber provided with ledges to support a plate or
plates, and having at front a jointed doors. The fire panel situated over
the compartment h of the hot plate is removed, and the ovens is made
to rest on the rebate of the said hot plate. The oven 8 is by this means
heated. When a second oven is required to be used the fire panel p
over the compartment of the hot plate is removed, and an oven fitted
in its place, as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 14, and marked t, and
when a third oven is required the middle fire panel q is removed, and an
oven placed between the said ovens described. When one large oven is
to be used we combine it with the hot plate a, a, in the manner repre-
sented in Figure 15. The large oven is shown detached in Figure 18
and is marked u. The said large oven a consists of a rectangular frame
or box of a size proper to fill up the space between the hot plate a, a,
and the side and top plates of the grate. The said oven is furnished at
front with hinged doors u², u, and at back with a vertical flue w. The fire
panels of the hot plate a, a, having been removed from the said hot plate
the said oven is fitted upon the hot plate in the manner shown in
Figure 15. The lower end of the flue o of the oven enters the com-
partment of the hot plate near the opening to the chimney 7, and ents
off the communication of the hot plate with the said chimney, while the
upper end of the said flue w enters the top cover of the grate and opens
into the chimney h. The hot air from the fire in the grate / after
circulating through the hot plate a, a, rises up the flue wo and passes to
the chimney. By this means the bottom of the oven u is thoroughly
heated by the hot plate and the interior of the oven by the flue w. In
some cases the fire panels may be made to form the bottom of the large
oven, the space over the hot plate and between the side plates of the
grate being enclosed by doors similar to those of the oven u. In this
arrangement a permanent vertical flue at the back of the grate similar
to the flue wo is used to assist in heating the oven. When the hot plate

page_text: and ovens represented in Figures 13, 14, 16, and 17 are used the fire is
supplied with fuel by removing the middle panel q, the fuel passing
through the opening in the bottom of the hot plate; but when a large
oven is used, as represented in Figure 15, the closing plate e of the said
hot plate is omitted, and in place thereof a blank or unperforated fall
bar is used, by depressing which fall bar the fire may be fed with fuel; or
the hinged door represented in Figure 19 may be used. The hot plate a, a,
may either be temporarily fitted to the range or grate by resting on the
hobs, or form a permanent part of the grate. When the hot plate a, a,
forms a permanent part of the kitchen grate or range we arrange the
parts in the manner represented in front clevation in Figure 19, the hot
plate being represented detached in plan and elevation in Figure 20.
In this arrangement the ordinary hobs are dispensed with, and the side
fire panels of the hot plate are used in placed thereof. The permanent
hot plate a, a, Figure 19, is situated at the back of the front panels or
plates of the grate, the top of hot plate being on the same level as
the ordinary hobs. Parts of the plates are cut away to admit the
flue m of the hot plate a, a. The back plate or panel * of the grate or
range is without an opening to the chimney, the flaine and heated air
after circulating through the hot plate escaping to the chimney by an
opening on a level with the hot plate, as before described and illustrated
in Figure 16. The grate is fed with fuel through the hinged door *
at the top of the bars. We prefer when the hot plate a, a, forms a
permanent part of the grate or range to cast it and the boiler » in one
piece as represented in Figure 20. The boiler projects from the bottom
of the hot plate into the hollow part of the grate. A wrought or cast
iron saddle or narrow boiler may be attached to the side of or combined
with the boiler; this saddle or narrow boiler protects the side plate
of the grate and assists in heating the water in the boiler . The two
boilers are connected together by holes so that the water circulates in
them.
Our Invention consists, fourthly, as follows:-Instead of fitting the
skirting plates or backs and sides of ranges and grates on the tops of the
hobs and hot plates as is usual we let them below the surface of the
hot plate into the rebate forming a bearing herein-before described
provided for the panels of the hot plate, or the rebates may be made on
the back and side plates instead of on the hot plate, the fire panels
resting on the rebates of the hot plate. The back plates rest upon the
:

page_text: ovens, and the side plates are supported one end on the back plate and
the other end on the oven front. When an oven and boilers are used
the frame forming the rebate for the back plates to rest upon is supported
at one end upon the top of the oven and extending the length of the
range is supported at the other end by a cast-iron or wrought-iron stay
fixed to the back wall.
This part of our Invention is represented in Figures 21 and 22 of the
Drawings. In Figure 21 the hot plate a is fixed to the grate or range and
has a rebate 6 running round three sides of it, upon which the skirting
or back and side plates c are supported, the said plates c being secured
to the hot plate by screws at d or in other convenient way. Near the
bottom of the plates c a rebate e is made, upon which and a corre-
sponding rebate on the front of the hot plate a the fire panels of the hot
plate are supported. In Figure 22 the skirting or back and side plates c
are cranked at bottom, the cranked part resting on the edge of the hot
plate a, and are screwed at d or otherwise fixed to the hot plate. The
hot plate a in this arrangement has a rebate e running all round it, upon
which the fire panels fare supported.
Our Invention consists, fifthly, of a moveable bottom to grates made
to hang upon and be supported by the front bars.
This part of our Invention is represented in perspective in Figure 23
of the Drawings. a is the moveable bottom of the grate supported ou
the horizontal parts of the brackets b, b, the upper parts of the said
brackets being hooked. The brackets are hooked to or hung upon the
front bars of the grate at the required height, and to the horizontal
parts of the said brackets projecting into the fire-place the loose bottom a
is rivetted or screwed. In order to change the depth of the fire space of
the grate the bottom a is raised and the brackets removed from the bar
on which they rested, the said brackets are then hooked to or hung upon
a bar higher or lower as may be required.
Our Invention consists, sixthly, of a draw plate or blower having a
division or partition in its interior by which the current of heated air
from the fire is made to ascend in the front part of the blower, and
descend again behind the said partition before passing up the chimney.
The heat from the fire is thereby radiated into the room. The blower
may have a loose front raised or lowered by studs and slots or by a rack
for the purpose of regulating its action. This loose front may be made
either of wire gauze or sheet iron. The wire gauze shows the fire as it

page_text: ascends in the front part of the blower. When however a quick draught
is required the sheet iron front must be used. The back of the blower
partially or entirely closes the opening in the back of the grate. The
draught may be regulated by drawing the blower more or less forward.
The blower may be made with or without the partition described.
This part of our Invention is represented in vertical section in
Figure 24 applied to an ordinary kitchen grate or range and detached in
Figures 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, and 30. Figures 25 and 26 represent side
elevations of the blower; Figure 27 represents a front and side elevation
of the same with a different arrangement for adjusting the loose front;
Figure 28 represents a back elevation of the blower, and Figure 29 a
plan of the same with the top removed; Figure 30 represents the loose
front represented in Figure 27. a is the draw plate or blower made to
rest on the hobs or hot plate as usual. The said blower consists of a
rectangular box closed at top and open at the bottom a. The said
blower has an inclined partition 6 in its interior.
When the blower is in use as illustrated in Figure 24, the back of the
blower partially closes the opening c in the back of the grate, and the
current of heated air from the grate d first ascends through the open
bottom a² of the blowers into the front part e of the said blower, and
passing over the top of the partition 6 descends in the back part of the
blower, and escapes through the opening g at the bottom of the back of
the blower to the chimney h, as indicated by the arrows in Figure 24.
The blower is by this means heated, and the heat is radiated therefrom
into the room. By drawing the blower more or less forward the draught
through the fire may be regulated, or the partition b may be jointed to the
blower and be made to incline more or less forward to regulate the
draught. The blower is lifted by the handles a. i is the loose front of
the blower, by raising or lowering which loose front the opening k in the
front of the blower may be uncovered or covered or partially uncovered.
This loose front i is fixed in its raised or depressed position by its hooked
ends being made to engage with one or other of the two sets of studs 2³, 23,
on the sides of the blower a, as illustrated in Figures 25 and 26; or the
front of the blower a may be corrugated or have a rack made thereon,
the hooked upper end of the loose front i engaging with or being
dropped into any one of the corrugations to adjust the height of the
loose front as may be required, as illustrated in Figures 27 and 30.
Instead of making the loose front i of sheet iron as represented, it may

page_text: be made of wire gauze. The wire gauze shows the fire as it ascends in
When a quick draught is required the
The blower may be made without the
the front part e of the blower.
sheet iron front must be used.
-partition band opening y at back. In this case the blower passes to the
top covering of the grate, and the current of heated air after ascending
to the top of the blower passes through the top covering into the
chimney, an opening being made therein for that purpose; or the hot
air after passing through the blower may escape to the chimney
through the back or side plates of the range, grate, or fire-place. The
blower may be used with ranges having deep hot plates. When the
blower is to be used with a close fire range an opening is made in the
back or side plate for the hot air to escape to the chimney, a plate or
slide being made to cover the opening in the back or side plate of the
range when the blower is removed.
Our improved blower may be used with a close fire range or grate
already fixed, thereby converting it at pleasure into a close or open fire
range; or our improved blower may be attached to the front of the
ordinary fixed blower by means of studs and slots, and drawn out with
the said ordinary blower, or it may stand on the hot plates in the usual
way after the ordinary blower is drawn out.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that
we do not limit ourselves to the precise details herein described and
illustrated, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature
of our Invention; but we claim as our Invention of improvements in
kitchen ranges and fire-places or stoves for cooking and heating and in
apparatus connected therewith,-
Firstly. The fire panel and apparatus constructed substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 7*
of the accompanying Drawings to be applied to kitchen ranges and fire-
places or stoves for the purpose of assisting in heating the room or
apartment in which the range, fire-place, or stove is situated, and for
heating cooking and other vessels and other articles.
Secondly. The construction and arrangement of the partitioned hot
plate herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, and
12 of the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly. The construction and arrangement of the partitioned hot plate
or combined hot plate and boiler either resting on the hobs or forming a

page_text: permanent part of the grate, range, or fire-place herein-before described
and illustrated in Figures 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, and 20 of the accom-.
panying Drawings.
Fourthly. The combination with the said hot plate or combined hot
plate and boiler of one or more small ovens or a large oven; as herein-
before described and illustrated in Figures 14, 15, 17, and 18 of the
accompanying Drawings.
Fifthly. The arrangements herein-before described and illustrated in
Figures 21 and 22 of the accompanying Drawings for fitting the skirting
plates or backs and sides of the ranges or grates below the surfaces of
the hot plates of the said ranges or grates.
Sixthly. Supporting and adjusting the moveable bottoms of grates in
the fire space of the said grates, as herein-before described and illustrated
in Figure 23 of the accompanying Drawings.
Lastly. The construction and arrangement of the parts of draw plates
or blowers with or without an inside partition, herein-before described
and illustrated in Figures 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, and 30 of the accom-
panying Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Bennett and John Currall,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Nineteenth day of
May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy.
5 Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
WILLIAM BENNETT. (L.s.)
JOHN CURRALL.
(L.S.)