Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 10th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 11th Feb., 1887.
I, CHARLES GREVILLE HARSTON, of the City of Toronto, in the County of York,
and Province of Ontario, in the Dominion of Canada, Captain in the 10th Battalion
Royal Grenadiers Canadian Active Militia, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The object of the present invention is to provide a simple, cheap and efficient fire.
arm, and one which shall not be liable to get out of order, and the improvements
while specially suited for use with rifles of the falling block system such as the
Martini, are also applicable in part to rifles of different actions, in all cases, however,
the hammer being concealed.
To this end my improvements consist, firstly, in an improved form of falling block,
the same being provided with a striker or needle (preferably somewhat like that used-
in the Suider Rifle) the axis of which. is in a line with the centre of the barrel, said
falling block being pivotted at its upper rear portion, and having on its under side,
towards the rear, a double recess, that is a recess with two cavities.
My invention consists, secondly, in a novel form of actuating lever, this being
properly mounted on a pivot pin carried in my lock plate or frame, and having its
shorter arm projecting within the double recess in the falling block, and provided with
a rounded end which bears against the block alternately in each of the cavities as the
block is up or down, said rounded end being also grooved to allow it to clear the end
of the needle, and the entire actuating lever serving to open and close the breech.
The improvements embody, thirdly, an improved construction of lock plate situated
immediately underneath the falling block, said lock plate being properly attached to
the stock of the fire arm, and having formed on its internal surface two lugs for the
reception of the end or angle of the Extractor,-slots or cavities for the reception of
the sear spring, sear and trigger end, an opening through which my actuating lever
may pass, bearings for the pivot pin supporting said lever and the hammer, and
connections whereby a flat main spring may be retained within said lock plate and in
connection with said hammer.
TIADATAY
Toronto.
STON,
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page_text: Improvements in Breech Loading Fire Arms.
I, CHARLES GREVILLE HARSTON of the City of Toronto in the County of York and
Province of Ontario in the Dominion of Canada, Captain in the 10th Battalion Royal
Grenadiers Canadian.Active Militia do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
The object of this invention is to provide a simple cheap and efficient breech loading
fire arin, and one which shall not be liable to get out of order, and the improvements
while specially suited for use in connection with rifles of the falling block system such
as the Martini, are also applicable in part to the Snider, and other rifles of different
action, in all cases however the hammer being concealed.
To this end, the improvements consist, firstly, in an improved form of falling block,
the same being provided with a striker, or needle the longitudinal axis of which is in
a direct line, or coincident with that of the barrel; secondly, in 'a special form of
lever, acting in conjunction with the falling block thirdly, in an improved 'form-
of lock plate or frame adapted to the use of a flat main spring the internal hammer,
and other details of the fire arm; and fourthly, in a novel form of cartridge shell
extractor combined with the lock plate and falling block.
· For full comprehension, however, of the invention, reference must be had to the
accompanying drawing forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of
reference indicate like parts.
Figure, 1, represents a longitudinal sectional elevation of a breech loading rifle,
embodying the improvements, the parts being.in the position for firing.
Figures, 2, and 3, are details of the improved extractor.
A, is the stock; and B the barrel of the ordinary construction.
C, is the breech block pivoted at its upper rear portion, as at c, and having arranged.
in its interior a striker or needle D, by preference similar to that used in the Snider
rifle, but placed so as to be in line with the centre of the barrel B.
Towards the rear of the breech block, and extending from its under side, is a double
recess, E, the two cavities e; e¹ of which serve to receive in turn the partly rounded
end f, (which is grooved also as at f¹ to enable it to pass free of the needle) of the
actuating lever F which is properly mounted on the pivot pin g carried in the lock
plate or frame G and then passed out through a suitable slot in same, the external end
of such lever being of any desired contour.
His the trigger-guard, I, the trigger, J the sear, and ; the sear spring, all of any
approved description and arranged to operate in connection with the hammer, in the
usual manner, those shown being of the later Martini type.
K, is the internal hammer properly mounted on the pivot or fulcrum pin g, and
having by preference formed on its head, a striking nose k, this hammer being in con-
nection with one end of a flat V shaped main spring L, which is suitably carried by
the lock plate or frame G.
M, is the extractor, it is of the construction shown particularly in Figures 2 and 3,
namely of bell crank shape, there being however no pivot necessary as its angle m
;

page_text: s slightly rounded and works loosely in a groove or between lugs. g' formed in the
frame G. What may be called the horizontal arm m' impinges against the lower side
of the breech block C, which is suitably curved or grooved for that purpose, and the
vertical arm m³ is bifurcated so as to have the fingers m³, m, on either side of the
bore these being properly shaped and fitted to catch the rim of the cartridge and
throw out the empty shell.
Although the operation of this invention will be easily understood from the fore-
going, and from the drawing, it may be stated that when the trigger is pulled, the
sear releases the hammer K, which by the spring L flying out of tension, is thrown
sharply against the end of the needle D, and the cartridge explodes in the usual way.
Then, to reload, the lever F, is depressed until the inner end passes into the
cavity of the double recess, and as it presses against the rear portion of the block,
the block falls, and pressing upon the horizontal arm m³ of the extractor, causes the
rounded angle to slide in the direction of the barrel, until the block C is clear of
the bore, when, by its continued downward pressure upon the arm m¹; the fingers m³, m*,
will eject the empty shell.
The fresh cartridge is then inserted and the breech C closed by pulling up the
lever F which will cause its end to resume its position in the cavity e (thus holding
it firmly closed while the discharge is taking place) and the other parts will resume
their first position.
While the above described arrangement is one of the simplest ways of carrying out
the invention, it will be manifest to those skilled in the art that its essential features
may be preserved while modifying the details of construction, or applying the
principle of the improvements to fire arms of different kinds.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a breech loading fire-arm the combination with an actuating lever, of the
falling breech-block C, containing a striker or needle and having double recess E in
which the end of said lever works, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
2. The actuating lever having its shorter arm frounded and grooved at its end,
in combination with the breech block C having double recess E and needle D,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
3. The lock plate or frame G constructed as described and placed underneath the
breech, in combination with the extractor M, lever F, pivot pin 9, hammer K, and flat
main spring L, substantially as specified.
4. In a breech loading fire-arm, the combination with the bottom lock-plate G,
having lugs g', the barrel and falling breech block, of the loose extractor M, arranged
to operate as set forth.
WM. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.