IMPROVEMENTS IN POWER LOOMS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Colin Mather, of Salford Iron Works,
Salford, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN POWER LOOMS."
Sealed the 7th June 1853, and dated the 7th April 1853...
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Colin Mather at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 7th April 1853.
I, COLIN MATHER, of Salford Iron Works, Salford, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN POWER LOOMS"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in power looms, with
a view to render them more suitable for weaving fabrics of rigid yarns,
such as fine linen, and consists of increasing the length of warp between
the warp beam and the breast beam, by causing the warp yarns to pass
under and over several rollers or rails in their passage from the
warp beam.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Colin Mather, in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 7th October 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
COLIN MATHER, of Salford Iron Works, Salford, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of April, in the of
year
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign; did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Colin Mather, Her special licence
that I, the said Colin Mather, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Colin Mather, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN POWER Looms,'
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Colin Mather,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particu-
larly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Colin Mather, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and. ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention has for its object improvements in power looms, with
a view to render them more suitable for weaving fabrics of rigid yarns,
such as fine linen, and consists of increasing the length of warp between
the warp beam and the breast beam by causing the warp yarns to pass
under and over several rollers or rails in their passage from the warp
beam.
And in order that my said Invention may be more fully understood
and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the means
pursued by me.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1, shews a section, and Figure 2, a plan of so much of
the principal parts of a loom as will enable me to describe the nature
of my improvements.
a, a, are rollers or bars over which the warp passes so as to encrease
the length from the yarn beam b, to the reed or sley g, to obtain
greater extent of elasticity in the yarn and equal tension on the threads
in the shed and sley than if only a comparatively short length of yarn
were off the yarn beam. b, is the warp beam or roller on which the warp
is wound; c, c, are weights and bands to regulate the tension of the
yarn; d, the cloth beam or roller; e, is the breast-beam or roller over
which the woven fabric passes; f, is the sley; g, is the reed; h, h, are
the heddles; and i, is the crank shaft. By these arrangements the
yarn or warp may be opened into sheds for the passage of the shuttle,
with less liability of injury to the warp than if only a comparatively
short length of warp were off the warp beam, and between it and the
breast beam.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that what
I claim are the improvements herein described for procuring a con-
siderable length of yarn between the warp-beam and the breast-bean
by means of any additional rollers or rails more than the one now used
in ordinary looms, to obtain a greater extent of elasticity, and thus to
cause the threads of the warp to be of equal tension in the sheds, and
to admit of the opening of the warp into sheds with greater advantage
than heretofore.
In witness whereof, I, the said Colin Mather, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of September, in the
Year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
COLIN MATHER. (L.B.)
Witness, JAMES BROWN.