Process of and Compositions for Restraining the Setting of Plasters and the like.
Year: 1889

page_text: Process of and Compositions for Restraining the Setting of Plasters
and the like.
I, GEORGE R. KING, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New Brighton,
in the County of Richmond and State of New York, United States of America,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "PROCESS OF AND
COMPOSITIONS FOR RESTRAINING THE SETTING OF PLASTERS AND THE LIKE
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
"
; and in
In the use of plaster-of-paris and other materials which have what is called a
quick set" it is very desirable to be able to restrain the setting action, so that a
slow setting may be had, when desired, instead of the usual rapid setting of the
material.
My invention consists in a process, and a composition of matter which will have the
same restraining action when mixed with plaster or other materials which have a
kindred setting action, and the quantity of my material that is used will govern the
setting action of the plaster or like material with which it is mixed. Other materials
may of course be mixed with the plaster-such as sand, lime, marble-dust, and a
great variety of other substances-depending on the requirements of any special case.
I proceed for the production of my invention as follows: I take lime and slack it
I then take this
with water, thereby producing what is known as "hydrated lime.”
hydrated lime, dry it in any suitable manner, and grind or comminute it, preferably
reducing it to a fine powder. I next dissolve any animal gelatinous or vegetable
glutinous substance which possesses the quality of acting as a restrainer of plaster in water,
warm or cold, as may be preferred. There are a number of these substances now well
known, and they do not require enumeration here. Of them all, however, I prefer glue,
because of a peculiarly beneficial result following its use arising from a toughening
and strengthening action of hydrated lime upon glue, which renders the resulting
wall material, whether a base coat or a finish coat, stronger and more durable than
any other material of its class known to me. The restraining material, whatever it
may be, (preferably glue) as stated, I then thoroughly mix with the hydrated lime

page_text: More or less of the dissolved restraining material can be used; as desired. To make
what I call a stronger product more of the restraining material is used. To make a
less strong product less of it is used. I have found that for ordinary purposes a
mixture of, say, four pounds of glue may be dissolved in a pailful of water. This fluid
mass will wet about a certain amount of powdered hydrated lime, (not much more or
less) so us to form a pasty mass. This pasty mass I then dry either by artificial or
natural heat and in such form as preferred, and the result will be a dry cake or crust like
mass. Various drying methods may be used. I next powder or finely divide this
dried material in whatever form it may have been dried by grinding or in any other
suitable way,
and when this is done my powdered compound, which I call a
"restrainer," is ready for use as may be desired. For wall material it is added to any
plaster or like material, with or without the admixture of other substances, in any
desired quantity to restrain the setting action. Thus if my restrainer, for example is
added to common plaster-of-paris, even in such small quantities as to amount to one-
quarter of a pound of the powdered restrainer to one hundred pounds of plaster, a
restraining effect will be had, and by varying the proportions of restrainer I can
regulate aud control the time of setting as I may desire.
the water.
It is preferable in all cases to intimately mix the restrainer with the powdered
plaster or equivalent substances while both are in the dry condition, and then add
This restrainer is very useful not only for admixture with the materials
forming the base or brown coat for walls, but also in making a hard surface or
finishing coat for walls and the like, and-it-may also be advantageously used in the
arts for numerous other purposes.
This powdered restrainer composed of hydrated lime and the restraining material
is of about the same gravity as the material with which it is mixed for wall covering,
either brown coat or the finish coat. Thus when these several materials are once
well mixed in a powdered condition and placed in barrels for shipment they will
remain in a combined state and will not injuriously separate during transportation
or consequent on jar or shock.
Although I prefer that the hydrated lime should be dried and powdered before
the mixture therewith of the dissolved restraining material, still I do not limit. myself
to this method, because I have found that I can produce a good restraining-powder
by mixing the restraining material either in a powdered or divided form, or in a
dissolved condition with the hydrated lime while it is still in a plastic state, and
then, of course, drying and powdering the lime containing the restraining material,
as before.
Instead of grinding my restrainer at the time of its manufacture, it may be left
in the form of dry cakes or masses whereby it may be more easily transported to
be pulverized at the time of use, because a package which will hold the cakes can
be more easily and inexpensively obtained than one which will hold the powdered
restrainer without waste.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare what I
claim is-
1. The berein described process, which consists in slacking lime, imixing this hydrated
lime with a gelatinous or glutinous substance, drying the same, and then powdering
the resulting mass, as set.forth.
2. The herein described process, which consists in mixing with glue dissolved in
water, an artificially dried, powder made by slacking lime with water, and drying and
grinding the hydrated lime; allowing the resulting mass to harden, and then regrinding
the mass, as set forth.
3. The herein described process, which consists in mixing with glue water powdered
hydrated lime, drying the resulting mass and regrinding the same, as set forth.
- 4. The herein described process which consists in slacking lime, drying' the same,
powdering the same, mixing the powder with. dissolved restraining material, then
when dried repowdering the mass as set forth.

page_text: 5. The above described composition of matter, composed essentially of animal
gelatinous or vegetable glutinous matter and hydrated lime, as set forth.
6. The above described composition of matter, composed essentially of animal
gelatinous or vegetable glutinous matter and hydrated lime combined and reduced
to a finely divided condition, as set forth.
7. The above described composition of matter, comprising a restraining material and
hydrated lime combined as set forth.
8. The above described composition of matter, comprising a restraining material
combined with hydrated lime and reduced to a powdered form, as set forth.
9. The above described composition of matter, comprising dissolved glue and
hydrated lime, as set forth.
Dated this 17th day of April 1889.
GEORGE R. KING.
Hughes, Eli & Hughes,
76, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.