IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM CULTIVATING MACHINERY
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Barnard Fowler, David Greig, and Robert
Burton, of the Steam Plough Works, Leeds, in the County of York,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM
CULTIVATING MACHINERY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Barnard Fowler, David
Greig, and Robert Burton at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 5th December 1868.
We, BARNARD FOWLER, DAVID GREIG, and ROBERT BURTON, of the
Steam Plough Works, Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION.
OF STEAM CULTIVATING MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the construction of
steam cultivating machinery.
In order to lift the tines or tilling tools of cultivating implements out
of the ground to enable the implement to turn, and also in order to turn
the implement, we mount upon it on an axis a lever to which at its free

page_text: end the hauling ropes for drawing the implement to and fro are attached.
When the implement has arrived at the end of its course, and what was
the slack rope becomes the draft rope, the first action is to cause the
lever to move round, and a pulley upon its axis then winds up a chain
passing to a quadrant on the axle of the carrying wheels of the imple-
ment. The axle is thus turned partly round, and being cranked at the
ends where the wheels are carried by it the wheels are thus depressed
in respect to the frame of the implement, or in other words the frame
with the tines or tilling tools is raised. By the same motion of the lever
the acting rope is thrown to one side of the implement, and consequently
the continued draft upon it causes the implement to turn round. When
the turn is complete the lever will have regained its original position,
and the tines or tilling toois will be able to again enter the land. In
order to prevent the tines or tilling tools commencing to penetrate the
land before the turn is complete a toothed are is mounted on the cranked
axle of the implement, and a cately takes into it when the tines or tilling
tools are raised so as to prevent them descending until the catch is lifted
by a hand lever. The connections between the rope lever and the tines
or tilling tools may be varied, and so-also. may the form of the retaining
instrument by which the tines, or tilling: tools. are prevented from
descending until liberated by the attendant. The drums on which the
hauling ropes are wound should be of such a width between the flanges
as to receive in each layer a definite number of coils or turns of the rope
corresponding with the traverses. of the coiling gear; the wear of the
rope is liable however to derange this adjustment. We provide for this
by making one of the sides or flanges of the drum adjustable, and this.
we prefer to do. by means of a screw thread cut upon the barrel of the
drum and receiving the adjustable side or flange, or by attaching one of
the sides or flanges to the barrel by bolts. and nuts..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 30
filed by the said Barnard Fowler, David Greig, and Robert Burton
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th June 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, BARNARD
FOWLER, DAVID GREIG, and ROBERT BURTON, of the Steam Plough
Works, Leeds, in the County of York, send greeting.
3

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said Barnard Fowler, David Greig, and Robert Burton,
Her special licence that we, the said Barnard Fowler, David Greig, and
Robert Burton, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Barnard Fowler, David Greig, and Robert Burton, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM. CULTIVATING MACHINERY," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Barnard Fowler, David Greig, and
Robert Burton, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and scal of
one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar monthis next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said David Greig and Robert Burton,
on behalf of ourselves and the said Barnard Fowler, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to bo
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the construction of
steam cultivating machinery.
In order to lift the tines or tilling tools of cultivating implements out
of the ground to enable the implement to turn, and also in order to turn
the implement, we mount upon it on an axis a lever to which at its free
end the hauling ropes for drawing the implements to and fro are attached.
When the implement has arrived at the end of its course, and what was
the slack rope becomes the draft rope, the first action is to cause the
lever to move round, and a pulley upon its axis then winds up a chain
passing to a quadrant on the axle of the carrying wheels of the imple-
ment. The axle is thus turned partly round, and being cranked at the

page_text: ends where the wheels are carried by it the wheels are thus depressed in
respect to the frame of the implement, or, in other words, the frame with
the tines or tilling tools is raised. By the same motion of the lever the
acting rope is thrown to one side of the implement, and consequently
the continued draft upon it causes the implement to turn round. When
the turn is complete the lever will have regained its original position,
and the tines or tilling tools will be able to again enter the land. In
order to prevent the tines or tilling tools commencing to penetrate the
land before the turn is complete a toothed are is mounted on the cranked
axle of the implement, and a catch takes into it when the tines or tilling
tools are raised so as to prevent them descending until the catch is lifted
by a hand lever. The connections between the rope lever and the lines
or tilling tools may be varied, and so also may the form of the retaining
instrument by which the tines or tilling tools are prevented from
descending until liberated by the attendant.
Figures 1 and 2. of the Drawings hereunto annexed shew a side view
and plan of a steam cultivating machine constructed as above
described.
a is the main framing of the machine to which the tines or tilling
tools are fixed; this frame has in the arrangement shewn in the Drawing
wings b, b, hinged to its sides, and these wings also have tines or tilling
tools fixed to them, so that the implement may act upon a greater width
of land when such wings are used; c is the main cranked axle carrying
the road wheels d; e is the front castor and steering wheel; is a chain
wheel secured to a vertical spindle upon which is the draft and turning
lever f, to the end of which are attached the hauling and slack ropes,
Nos. 1 and 2; g is a quadrant fixed to the axle c; this quadrant is by a
chain and screw coupling g' connected to the ends of a chain g² which
passes around the chain wheelf, so that if the draft lever be turned to
one side or the other of the machine the chain g³ will be drawn forward,
as shewn by the arrow; is a toothed are fixed to the axle c; j is a
catch lever carrying a tooth which enters into one or other of the teeth
of the toothed rack h; k is a guard through which the rack / moves; in
this guard are a suitable number of holes through one of which a pin is
passed to limit the extent to which the axle c can turn, and so regulate
the depth of work; is a steerage wheel, around the axis of which
are wound two chains, one in one direction and the other in the opposite
direction; these chains at their opposite ends are fixed to the two ends

page_text: LEG
of a steerage lever m attached to the vertical axis of the castor
steerage wheel is worked by the man seated at the back of the machine
on the seat n. The ends of the steerage lever may carry eye bolts, so
that a pair of horse shafts may be fixed to this lever when necessary;
o is a locking bar for locking the inside wheel when turning at the end
of a bout; this bar can be moved endwise either to one side or other of
the machine by a crank shaft p on which is a handle within reach of the
man seated on the scat n. The bar can thus be passed between the
spokes of either one or other of the side wheels and so prevent its
turning. When the machine is at work and has arrived at the end of a
"bout," as soon as the rope which before was the slack rope is hauled
on the draft lever f turns to one side of the machine, carrying with it
the draft rope; the tines or tilling tools are at the same time lifted out
of the ground by the turning of the crank axle c which carries the side
wheels and the machine is free to turn. The tincs or tilling tools are, as
before explained, held up at this time by the catch j so that they shall
not again enter the ground until this catch is released by the man seated
on the seat n; during the turning of the implement the man-also locks
the inside wheel by means of the bar o. When the implement has
completed its turn the draft lever f will have regained its original
position, and the tines or tilling tools will again enter the land so soon
as the catch is raised.
What we claim as regards this part of our Invention is,―
First. The so constructing steam cultivating implements that the act
of turning the lever to which the hauling ropes are attached to one side
or other of the machine shall raise the tines or tilling tools out of the
ground.
Second. The employment in combination with such an arrangement
of a catch to prevent the tines or tilling tools when raised from again
entering the ground until the catch is released.
Third. The general combination or arrangement of cultivating imple-
ment herein described.
The drums on which the hauling ropes are wound should be of such
a width between the flanges as to receive in each layer a definite number
of coils or turns of the rope corresponding with the traverses of the coiling
gear; the wear of the rope is liable however to derange this adjustment,
we provide for this by making one of the sides or flanges of the drum
adjustable, and this we prefer to do by means of a screw thread cut upon

page_text: 'the barrel of the drum and receiving the adjustable side or flange, or by
attaching one of the sides or flanges to the barrel by bolts and nuts.
Figure 3 on Sheet 2 of the Drawings hereunto annexed shews a
transverse section of a winding drum constructed according to this part
of our Invention.
a and b are the two parts or sections of the drum, each carrying a side
flange. The part a has an external screw thread cut upon it, whilst the
part is formed with a corresponding internal screw thread, as shown;
c, c, are countersunk bolts passed through holes in the part to enter
slots in lugs cast on the part a, and the bolts are secured by nuts
screwing on to them. If the bolts c are removed the part bis free to
turn around the part a, and the flanges on the two parts of the drum can
thus be brought nearer to or further from one another, and then be again
fixed by the bolts c.
Figure 4 shows a section of a winding drum in which the moveable
flange is secured to the drum by bolts and nuts; if the bolts are
slackened the moveable flange can be set near to or further from the
fixed flange, as desired.
What we claim according to this part of our Invention is the con-
structing the winding drums of steam cultivating machinery with
adjustable side flanges, substantially as hercin described.
In witness whereof, wc, the said David Greig and Robert Burton,
have hereunto set our hands and scals, this Third day of June,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine
DAVID GREIG.
ROBT. BURTON.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)