Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Aug., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 29th May, 1897-Accepted, 3rd July, 1897
I, JOHN SHANKS, of Tubal Works, Barrhead, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain, Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as
follows, that is to say :-
My said Invention has for its object, to improve, expedite, and cheapen the
making of some forms of castings in iron or other metal, and consists in constructing
metal moulds for the purpose as hereinafter described.
Taking as an example a castiron sink or jawbox of a simple form, and which is
cast in an inverted position, the improved mould consists of an outer and upper
casting shaped internally to suit the outside of the sink, with allowance for shrinkage,
and of a lower and inner castiron block shaped externally to suit the inside of the
sink. The upper and lower pieces are movable vertically by means of hydraulic
cylinders or other suitable apparatus; or one may be stationary all the necessary
movement being imparted to the other. A gate for pouring in the metal is formed
in the upper piece; and provision is made for removing the part, as soon as the mould
has been filled. The sides of the sink are as usual made with a taper or "draw" to
facilitate separation of the parts; and as soon as a casting has been made and the
metal begins to solidify, the lower piece is lowered a short distance to allow the
casting to shrink on cooling. Subsequently when by shrinking the casting detaches
itself from the upper piece, the lower piece is lowered further or the upper piece
is raised sufficiently to allow of the removal of the casting. Before each casting
is made the mould surfaces have applied to them a suitable coating to prevent
adhesion.
Instead of the lower piece being lowered to allow of shrinkage, it may be coated
with a suitable compressible material which will yield sufficiently to the shrinking
casting. Or the lower piece made be inade eutirely or partly of thin metal
which will yield to the shrinking action; or it may be made collapsible or of
parte some of which can be partly withdrawn to allow other parts to yield
inwards.
The Invention is applicable in the casting of various simple forms of articles
which admit of the inner or core part of the mould being withdrawn or made
to collapse; whilst in some cases the outer or matrix part may be made in two or
more pieces.
Dated this twants ninth day of August 1806
I, JOHN SHANKS, of Tubal Works, Barrhead, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain, Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
[Price Bd.l

page_text: what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention has for its object, to improve, expedite, and cheapen the making
of some forms of castings in iron or other metal, and consists in constructing metal
moulds for the purpose as hereinafter described.
In applying the Invention to the manufacture, for example, of a sink or jawbox
of a simple form, the improved mould consists of an outer casting shaped internally
to suit the outside of the sink, with allowance for shrinkage, and of an inner
castiron block shaped externally to suit the inside of the sink with allowance for
shrinkage. Both outer and inner pieces (or one only) are movable vertically by
Imeans of hydraulic cylinders or other suitable apparatus. A gate is formed in
one of the pieces for pouring in the metal, and as soon as the metal begins to
solidify the pieces are withdrawn a little from each other to allow the casting to
shrink on cooling. The inner piece instead of being a solid casting may be made
hollow and of thin metal which will yield to the shrinking action.
And in order that my said Invention and the manner of performing the
same may be properly understood I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings
to be hereinafter referred to, and showing several modifications of apparatus as made
according to my Invention."
Figures, 1, 2, and 3, are vertical sections of separate modifications of the
improved apparatus. In these drawings the same reference letters are used to mark
the same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
In making, for example, a castiron sink or jawbox of a simple form, and which is cast
in an inverted position the improved mould consists (as is shown in figures, 1, and 2)
of an outer and upper casting, A, shaped internally to suit the outside of the
sink, with allowance for shrinkage, and of a lower and inner castiron block, B,
shaped externally to suit the inside of the sink. The upper piece, A, and lower piece, B,
are movable vertically by means of hydraulic cylinders (not shown) or other suitable
apparatus; or one (the upper one by preference) may be stationary, all the necessary
movement being imparted to the other by an hydraulic cylinder or equivalent, as for
example, by a lever, C, centered on a bracket E, fixed to the outer piece (as shown in
figure, 2). A gate, D, for pouring in the metal is formed in the upper piece, A.
The sides of the sink are as usual inade with a taper or "draw" to facilitate
separation of the parts; and as soon as a casting has been made and the metal
begins to solidify, the lower piece, B, is lowered a short distance to allow the casting
to shrink on cooling, the casting meantime being suspended by the piece formed in
the gate, D. Subsequently when by shrinking the casting detaches itself from the
upper piece, A, and after the surplus metal in the gate has been removed, the lower
piece, B, is lowered further or the upper piece, A, is raised sufficiently to allow of
the removal of the casting. Before each casting is made the mould surfaces have
applied to them a suitable coating to prevent adhesion. The modification shown in
figure, 2, may be worked in a position inverted from that shown, the gate or port
being then formed in the inner metal piece instead of. the onter metal piece.
Instead of the lower piece, B, being lowered to allow of shrinkage, it may be
coated with a suitable compressible material which will yield sufficiently to the
shrinking casting. Or the lower piece, B, may be made (as shown in figure, 3)
entirely (or it might be partly) of thin metal supported internally by helical
springs, G, held between the sides of the piece and a central casting, H, fixed to the
ram of the hydraulic cylinder or equivalent apparatus, the thin metal yielding to the
shrinking action. The casting, H, is made with arms, J, which have fixed in them
pins, K, working in elongated holes, L, in brackets, M, on the inner side of the
inner piece, B, to allow of the piece yielding while providing a comparatively rigid
attachment for moving the piece.
The Invention is applicable in the casting of various simple forms of articles
which admit of the inner or core part of the mould being withdrawn or made to
yield; whilst in some cases the outer or matrix part may be made in two or more
pieces.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
An improved mould for casting comprising an outer metal piece shaped internally
to suit the outside of the object to be cast, with allowance for shrinkage, and an
inner metal piece (which may be either a solid block or a bollow piece of thin metal)
shaped externally to suit the inside of the object to be cast with allowance for
shrinkage, one of the metal pieces being formed with a gate or port and both or one
only being movable vertically by hydraulic cylinders or equivalent substantially
in the manner and for the purposes herein before described.
Dated this twent
امام
Nov 1907
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.