Improvements in Tools for Turning, Chasing, Shaping, Planing, and like uses, and in Holders for such Tools.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan., 1892-Accepted, 20th Feb., 1892
UBIT DIE IUIFICATION.
Improvements in Tools for Turning, Chasing, Shaping, Planing, and
like uses, and in Holders for such Tools.
1, FRANCIS PRICE, of 3 York Street, Clifton, in the City and County of Bristol,
Silversmith, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:---
This invention relates to tools for use in turning, shaping, chasing, planing and
It relates
similar or analogous operations in metals, wood and other substances."
also to tool-holders for use in such operations.
One of the features comprised in this invention consists in improvements in the
tools as separate from the holders.
Another consists in fitting a holder for use either as a holder or as a tool.
Taking now the feature first mentioned, namely improvements in tools as separate
from the holders, these improvements consist in making the tools hollow and in
grinding the same so that an inclined or concave recess is formed extending from
the central channel to the cutting edge or edges. Tools so shaped and ground are
fitted to cut at the same time two surfaces at right angles to each other. A. further
advantage is the extended cutting edge obtained, obviating the necessity of
re-sharpening the tool until, by turning it in the holder as required to present fresh
cutting points, the whole edge is bluited.
Similarly, with tools having angular bodies such as are used for chasing, screw-
cutting and like operations. Such tools have, according to this invention, a series
of cutting points for use in turn. The central hollow is, when a tool is in use,
plugged at the bottom and charged with oil which tends to keep the tool cool and
the cutting edge or edges lubricated.
Fitting a tool-holder so that it may be used as such or as a tool, at will, is
effected by shaping and sharpening the socket at the leading end of the holder to
serve as a tool, the shaping varying according to the description of work to be
performed.
Referring to the accompanying drawings,
Fig. represents, in vertical section, a round tool as designed for turning in
accordance with this invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the upper end.
The tool consists of a round piece of steel having a channel extending throughout
it. At the upper end the tool is recessed and ground to present a cutting edge
throughout the circumference. The recess is created by grinding with a ball of
emery, or by other means. Instead of being concave, the recess may be conical
The tool illustrated at
and in that case is produced by grinding with a cone.
Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings is represented as ground by a grinding
ball and it will be readily understood that the angle at the cutting edge depends on
the diameter of the grinding ball and that of the tool. Such a tool is capable of
cutting in two directions at one and the same time, that is to say, forward and
either to the left or right simultaneously.
At Fig. 3 is represented, in elevation, an angular tool, shaped in accordance with
this invention.
Fig. 4 is a plan of the upper end thereof.
Similarly, with other tools for performing different operations, the same features
applying to all, namely the hollow body and the recessed cutting ends.
It will be
seen that such tools possess a greater range of cutting edge, or edges or points and
that they require only to be turned in the holder to present fresh cutting points to.
the work when others have been blunted,

page_text: At Fig. 5 is shown in elevation a tool-holder for use in connection with the tools
above described. The holder has at one end a socket for reception of the tools.
The tool a represented is shaped differently at each end and is therefore capable of
being used for more than one kind of work, it being merely necessary to reverse it
in the socket when required. When in use the tool a is plugged at the bottom and
the central channel is filled with oil whereby the tool is kept cool and the cutting
edge or edges lubricated. Similarly, when the holder is in use as a tool, the socket
is plugged at the lower end and filled with oil. The socket may vary in shape as
may be desirable or necessary to suit differently shaped tools. The tools are held
in place in the socket by a clamping device. A convenient device for this purpose
is shown at Fig. 5. It consists of a clamping shoe loosely secured upon the
screw and hearing at will against the tool. Other clamping devices may be
employed.
The holder illustrated in the drawings is adapted for use either as such, or as a
tool in itself. To render it capable of being used as a tool the upper end of the
socket is shaped and sharpened in the same way as hereinbefore described with
reference to tools as separate from the holder, the shape of the socket depending on
the work.
In order to adapt the holder for tilting when necessary to bring the side cutting
edge of a tool in contact with the work and at the same time to clear the holder,
the major part of the shank of the latter is bevelled as seen more particularly
at Fig. 6 which represents an end view of Fig. 5. Towards the socket end the
shank is not bevelled but is horizontal below from g to h, Fig. 5.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
"claim is
1. Tools for use in turning, chasing, planing, shaping and similarly operating
upon metals, wood and other substances, each such tool consisting of a steel bar
having a cutting edge or cutting edges produced by recessing one or both ends of
the bar, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 1, 2, 3
and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
2. In a tool (such as set forth in the preceding claim) for turning, chasing,
shaping, planing and similarly operating upon metals, wood and other substances,
the provision of a channel in the centre thereof for containing when plugged at
bottom, oil or other cooling agent and lubricant, as hereinabove described.
3. A. holder for holding tools (such as set forth in Claim 1) for turning, chasing,
shaping, planing and similarly operating upon metals, wood and other substances,
the said holder comprising a suitable shank and a socket suited to contain a single
or double-cnded cutter, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
Figs. 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings.
4. The device for securing the tools in the holder, said device consisting of a
shoe such as loosely held on a set screw and fitted to bear against and clamp the
tool in place, as hereinbefore described and shown at Fig. 6 of the accompanying
drawings.
5. The holder as adapted, by shaping and sharpening the upper end of the socket,
for use as a tool, as hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 13th day of January 1892.
NICHOLAS WATTS,
Bristol Bank Buildings, Bristol, Agent.