Improvements in Lamps for Burning Mineral or other Oil.
Year: 1888

page_text: Improvements in Lamps for Burning Mineral or other Oil.
I, GEORGE ROSE of 5 Avenue Place Springburn, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to and is a further development of the tubular form of lamp
for burning mineral or other oil for which an application for patent was made by me
the 24th day of January 1888 No. 1045. In the lamp as therein described the oil is
burned in combination or admixture with air supplied under pressure to the lamp.
Under this invention the oil after being vapourized by being passed through the vapour
chamber in or near to the flame is burned in the combustion box without previous
combination or admixture with an air blast.
The lamp as constructed under this invention is as follows:-The mineral or other
oil to be burned is contained in a closed tank or vessel of any convenient form and
construction and which has fitted to it a plunger or other pump worked by power or
by hand for forcing air into it or the air may be forced into the tank from an air
compressor or from a fan or otherwise. As the air, by the action of the pump,
is compressed in the tank which may be provided with a gauge for registering
the pressure and also with a safety valve-it forces the oil to ascend up a stand tube or
pipe, fixed on or connected to the oil tank, and whose lower end, which extends
nearly to the bottom of the tank, is provided with a rose which may have wire gauze
around it to prevent dirt or sedimentary matter entering the stand tube. The upper
end of the said tube which is fitted with a cock to regulate the supply of oil is
or may be formed into, or have attached to it, a tubular coil in or in proximity
to the flame of the lamp for the purpose of warming or heating the oil, and this
coil or the end of the tube as the case may be is connected to a copper or other
near the flame of
metallic tubular arrangement of vapour chamber placed in or
the lamp. This tubular vapour chamber, which may be of the form described
in my herein before recited application for Patent, is preferably made rectangular in
::
tee or knee" pieces or joints
form and is or may be provided with tubular cross
at the angles, these cross pieces being fitted with casily removable plugs for cleaning
purposes, or small doors or other suitable devices may be provided at the angles for
፡፡

page_text: this purpose Instead of using a coil, however, I may use
a vapour chamber of
box or other shape and provided with an easily removable lid for cleaning purposes.
To the lower coil of the tubular, or under side of the box, arrangement of vapour
chamber, as the case may be, I connect a drip tube to carry off any tar or residual
carbon which may accumulate therein. From the vapour chamber a tube conducts
the vapourized oil to the combustion box or chamber of the lamp where it is
burned. The combustion box may be of any suitable construction but is preferably
the same as that used under my prior application.
In connection with the vapour coil or chamber a vapour accumulator of spherical,
cylindrical or other shape may be provided for the purposes of keeping an even flow
of vapour to the lamp flame and thus conduce to the steadying of the light.
To facilitate the starting of the lamp a dish or cup containing oil is or may
be fixed to the stand tube below the vapour chamber, the oil contained in which
when lighted affords sufficient heat to vapourize the oil in the vapour chamber-
and so start the lamp.
This lamp may be used for heating as well as lighting purposes-and the whole
apparatus, or the tubular part only, may be of copper for the rapid conduction
of heat, or it may be made of any other suitable metal.
Dated this 10th day of March 1888
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
17, Hope Street, Glasgow,
Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps for Burning Mineral or other Oil.
I, GEORGE ROSE lately of 5 but now of 3 Avenue Place Springburn Glasgow
Lanarkshire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to and is a further development of the tubular form of
lamp for burning mineral or other oil for which an application for Patent No. 1045
dated 24th January 1888 was made by me. In the lamp as therein described
the oil is burned in combination or admixture with air supplied under pressure to
the lamp. Under this invention the oil after being vaporized by being passed
through the vapour chamber. in or near to the flame is burned in the combustion
box without previous combination or admixture with an air blast.
In self generating oil gas or vapour lamps as generally constructed the mineral or
other oil to be burned is contained within a closed tank or vessel the tank
forming the base of the lamp. From the tank the oil is forced to ascend up a stand
pipe or tube to a vaporizing chamber by the action of compressed air contained
in or forced into the tank by a force pump. In the vaporizing chamber the oil
by the heat of the flame of the lamp is converted into gas or vapour which gas
or vapour is conducted from the chamber to the lamp burner which is so
situated that the flame issuing therefrom plays upon and heats said vapour
chamber.
My improvements over the lamps of this class as heretofore constructed consist
in providing improved constructions and arrangement of the parts of vapour
generating chambers and means for carrying off any tar or residual carbon which
may accumulate in said chambers and their connections and further in providing
a vapour accumulator for the purpose of keeping an even flow of vapour to the
burner and to thus conduce to the steadying of the flame.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of carrying the same
into effect or practice may be properly understood I have hereunto appended an
explanatory sheet of drawings on which fig. 1, represents in elevation one form
of my improved vapour lamp, fig. 2 is a plan view of the vapour chamber and
connections, fig. 3 is a detail view to a larger scale of the combustion box and
drip arrangement, whilst fig. 4 is a plan view showing the oil tank and fittings-
Figure 5, represents in elevation another form of my improved lamp, fig. 6 is a
part sectional plan to an enlaaged scale of the vaporizing chamber of same, fig. 7
a part sectional elevation to a larger scale of the head of the lamp, and showing
the vapour chamber in section on the line X-X, fig. 6; whilst fig. 8 is a plan
view of the head of the lamp. Fig. 9 is a sectional view of a modified box
construction of vapour chamber and fig. 10, a plan view of the same, whilst
fig. 11 shows in section a method of jointing the two halves together. Fig. 12 is a
part sectional view showing another form of box vaporizing chamber with an easily
removable lid for cleaning purposes.

page_text: "
On the drawings the same reference letters indicate like parts.
Referring to fig. 1. A, is the oil tank of any suitable construction and provided
with a filling plug a, and a cleaning plug it is also provided with a pressure
gauge e, for registering the air pressure within the tank. B, is a small hand pump for
forcing the air into the tank, or instead of using a pump the air may be supplied to
to the tank from an air compressor or from a fan or otherwise. The pump shown
and the one I prefer to use is that for which application for Letters Patent was made
by me the 5th day of April 1888 No. 5065. The pump may be worked by power
instead of by hand as shown. The oil to be vaporized
is
tank A, up the pipe which has a rose at its base and the rose may if desired
be protected by wire gauze for the purpose of preventing sediment entering the pipe.
The oil passes from the pipe C, through the branch F, to the stand tube G, a
wheel valve D being provided to regulate the oil supply, from the tube or pipe G the
oil passes into a coil pipe H preferably fitted on to its upper end, this coil pipe is for the
purpose of facilitating the vapourizing process by heating or warming the oil prior
to its passing into the tubular yaporizing chamber I. This chamber I is a peculiar
construction or arrangement of the usual copper or other metallic vaporizing tubes or
channels. As will be seen from the plan view at fig. 2 and the elevation in fig. 1,
the tubes constituting the chamber are all arranged at right angles to each other, the
angles being formed by tubular cross and tee pieces which are provided with easily
removable screw plugs 21, for cleaning purposes. The warm oil from the heating
coil H passes first along the tube 1, which in fig. 1 is partly broken away to show the
tube 5, behind it, thence along the tube 2, (see fig. 2) and thence successively
through the tubes 3, 4, and 5. This latter tube 5 is so arranged as to be immediately
over or in the centre of the top of the flame. From the tube 5, the now vaporized
oil passes up a vertical tube 6 (fig. 1) and then through a return tube 7, placed above
the tube 5, thence again through or up another vertical tube 8, and into the return tube 9
placed above the tube. 7. From the tube 9, the vapour ascends up into an accumulator J,
preferably fitted on top of the cross piece forming the angle between tubes 9 and 10 and
shown of a hollow spherical construction although it might be cylindrical or of other
equivalent shape. This accumulator is provided for the purpose of maintaining
a steady flow of vapour to the lamp flame and so conduce to the steadying of
the light. Without this accumulator should the flame from the action of the wind or
other cause, not act directly on the tubular vapourizing chamber I, the vapour
thrown off will diminish and cause the flame to be proportionately lowered until the
flame is again brought to play directly on the vapourizing tubes, when, by the
increased heat sufficient vapour would be thrown off to keep the flame at its normal
height. With the accumulator during such periods of lessened vapourization vapour
would be supplied from it to the burner and so tend to keep the flame at about its
normal height. From the accumulator the vapour descends down the pipe 10, which
has or may have a reducing tube 11, fitted in it and then by the branch 12, to the
burner 13 (see fig. 3). Screwed or otherwise fitted on top of the burner is the
combustion box K, shown in section at fig. 3 and which is preferably of the
construction described under my prior application No. 35988. The flame passes out
of the combustion box K and plays upon the vapour generating chamber I as
indicated in dotted lines.
For the purpose of preventing condensation within the tubes 10 & 11, and to assist
in the vapourization of the oil at the starting of the lamp, a metal casing or tube 14,
shown in dotted lines, at fig. 1, may be fitted so as to enclose the tubes 10 and 11, into
a cup fitted at the bottom of this casing naphtha or other oil would be poured and
ignited the heat arising from the combustion of which would keep the tubes 10 and 11
highly heated.
2:
For the purpose of carrying off any tar or residual carbon which may accumulate
in the tubes I provide a drip tube or chamber L, which may be in the form of an
enlarged tube as shown at fig. 1, or it may be a hollow ball as shown at fig. 3, or it
may be of any other equivalent shape. This drip tube or chamber is shown as screwed
by a short pipe connection into the under side of the "tee" piece forming the junction

page_text: between the tube 11, and branch 12. The drip arrangement would in all cases be
preferably supplied with a small tap or cock 15, (or a screw plug may be used) for
the purpose of drawing off the residual or liquid tar. The tec piece 16, forming
the support for the burner 13, and combustion box K, is shown as being used for an
auxiliary drip, a small cock 17 being screwed into its underside by which the tar or
risidual can be drawn off.
To relieve the strain on the vapourizing chamber I and to keep the parts steady when
The lamp is being moved, I provide an adjustable bracket M capable of sliding and
being in any desired position on the stand tube G, the arm of this bracket fits into the
underside of the drip tube L.
:
With the improved rectangular form of vapour chamber I, hereinbefore described,
it will be seen that the warm oil from the coil pipe H, is made to flow first round about
the flame and in so going round always getting more highly heated until by the
tubes 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 it is carried back and forward through or over the flame itself—
and thus becomes thoroughly vapourized. By having the tubes 5, 7 and 9 above each
other with the vertical connections 6 and 8 between them, a defect very common in vapour
lamps as heretofore constructed rict. that of flooding the lamp from turning on too
much oil or from the tubes becoming chilled is minimised or entirely done away with
as the oil must first, fill up the horizontal tubes and then pass through the small outlet
in the highly heated vertical connections. By simply arranging tubes in a horizontal
plane and one beside the other as has sometimes heretofore been done, it will be
readily understood that the lamp could be floooded with the tubes but half full or even
less. My improved arrangement has a further advantage in being very casily cleaned
free of carbon as cleaning plugs 21, or doors or other devices can be arranged at each
angle for this purpose.
Referring to figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8,
In the modified arrangement of lamp as here shown, instead of making the vapour
chamber I of a number of tubes placed in rectangular formation I vapourize the oil in
a coil tube or chamber of the split ring form described and shown for use with an air
blast lamp under my prior application No. 10458 aforesaid.
The oil forced up the stand tube G, passes by the branch pipe N, which would be
preferably formed with one or more turns for the purpose of steadying the oil supply
and then into the oil warming or heating arrangement H which instead of
being a simple coil pipe as at fig. 1, is inado preferably of three tubes,
18, 19 and 20, (see fig. 8) joined together at the angles by tee cross or knee pieces,
in the case of tee or cross pieces being used cleaning plugs 21, would also be
used. In these tubes the oil gets highly heated and partly vapourized. From the
tube 20, the partly vapourized oil descends by the vertical pipe 22 (figs 5 and 7) into
the upper side or it may be the underside, of the split ring chamber or coil S. Tho
ends of this chamber S are cast solid or plugged up so that the oil entering at the
inlet 22, has to pass completely round it before escaping by the outlet pipe 23, and
so to the burner 13. Round the circumference of the chamber S, screw plugs s, are
provided for cleaning purposes.
With the split ring construction of chamber S, whilst being very simple, it is
effective in so far as it ensures a thorough vapourization of the oil from its having
to pass round the full circuit of the ring or coil before reaching the outlet.
construction also allows for expansion under great heat.
This
With this arrangement of lamp I prefer to make the drip tube as a hollow
chamber 24, constituting the base of the burner 13. This chamber 24, may be
provided with a screw plug 25, for cleaning purposes and a cock 26 for blowing
off tar or risidual carbon. The combustion box or casing K is supported on top of
the stand pipe G and is so made as to surround and enclose the burner and vapour
chamber and to thus protect them from the chilling effect of the atmosphere. A
number of holes, are made preferably round its lower part to admit air to support
combustion and if required a suall hinged or sliding door g, may be fitted on it to
allow of the burner being cleaned.

page_text: Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12 represent tubular box constructions of vapour chamber with
easily removable lids for cleaning purposes.
Figs. 9, 10, and 11 show a box chamber U, made in two halves or parts, the upper
part being easily removable and constituting the lid. The parts are secured together by
bolts or studs g. These bolts or studs I prefer to secure at their lower ends into
sockets or snugs h, cast on the under half of the chamber, although they may pass
right through the chamber and they may have screw nuts at both ends. To make a tight
joint between the halves of the chamber, flanges i and are cast or formed on the
halves of the ring, the flanges I prefer to make on the inside of the ring as shown,
as they do not then split or impede the passage of the flame and the flanges may
be on the outside or both jointing flanges i and may be made inside or both outside.
The flanges of the upper half or lid are preferably made with a groove in them (see
fig. 11) and into this groove a circular rib or projection formed in the flanges of tho
lower half fit. The joint is made tight by asbestos or other packing. In order that
the oil may circulate right round the ring, a partition or piece shown in dotted lines
at fig. 1, is or may be cast or formed in the inside of the ring box. The oil enters the
ring at the inlet 22, and passes out in the form of vapour at the outlet pipe 23,
indicated in dotted lines, and so to the burner.
When the two parts of the chamber U, are unbolted, by uncrewing the nuts, the
carbon which may have been deposited in the inside can be easily cleaned out.
Fig. 12 shows another form of box chamber which may be used in lieu of the
rectangular construction of chamber 1, herein before described. This chamber consists
of a single tube, plugged or cast solid at one end, the other end being formed with a
flange around it, to this flange a lid or door m is bolted or screwed in a removable
manner so as to enable the chamber to be cleaned out, The lid has preferably a
circular ridge n on which it fits into a corresponding groove in the flange 1,
the joint being made tight by asbestos or other packing. The oil inlet is shown at o
and the vapour outlet at p.
Instead of using a single split ring chamber S as shown two or more may be used
and if desired the warming tubes H (fig. ) may be replaced by a ring box or a split
ring chamber. And instead of having two vertical connections 6, and 8 as shown at
fig. 1, for the chamber 1, one, or more may be used.
Handles %, arranged one on each side of the tank would be provided for the casy
removal of the lamp from place to place as required.
To start the lamp naphtha or other oil saturated waste or oil simply would be put or
poured into the cup Y, fig. 1 or the combustion box K fig. 5, which on being ignited
would raise sufficient heat to vapourize the oil in the vapour chambers.
Although I have only shown the vapour accumulator J as used with the lamp at
fig. 1 it may be also fitted on top of the lamp at fig. 5. The bolts gl shown at fig. 9
would be preferably iron ones with brass nuts.
My improved lamp may be used for heating as well as lighting purposes and when
it would be desired so to use the lamp the flame would preferably be directed
horizontally into the furnace or chamber to be heated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manne: the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In lamps for burning mineral or other oil in the form of vapour and without
combination or admixture with an air blast, the improved rectangular construction
of tubular vapourizing chamber substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in
figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings annexed.
2. In lamps for burning mineral or other oil in the form of vapour and without
combination or admixture with an air blast, the modified split-ring or coil
construction of vapour chamber substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in
figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings annexed.
3. In lamps for burning mineral or other oil in the form of vapour, the modified

page_text: ring or tubular box constructions of vapour chamber having easily removable lids
for cleaning purposes substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in
figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12 of the drawings annexed.
4. The combination with the improved constructions of vapour generating chambers
of an oil warming or heating coil pipe or an equivalent arrangement of tubes
substantially in the manner hereinbefore described.
5. In a lamp for burning mineral or other oil in the form of vapour, the fitting,
substantially in the manner hereinbefore described, of an accumulator in connection
with the vapour chamber for the purpose of keeping an even flow of vapour to the
flame and to so conduce to the steadying of the fight.
6. In lamps for burning mineral or other oil in the form of vapour, the fitting, in
connection with the vapour chamber or its accessory parts, of a drip tube or chamber
substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.
7. The general arrangement and combination of parts of the improved vapour
generating chambers and fittings, substantially as hereinbefore described and shown
on the accompanying drawings.
Dated th: 1111
n
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow,
Agent.