IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER FOR BATHS OR FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Norris Smith, of the Firm of Smith and
Wellstood, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Stove and Range Manufacturers, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER FOR BATHS OR FOR OTHER
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 10th August 1875, and dated the 12th February 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Norris Smith at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 12th February 1875.
I, HENRY NORRIS SMITH, of the Firm of Smith and Wellstood, of
Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Stove and Range
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER FOR BATHS OR FOR OTHER
PURPOSES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object the heating of water for baths and

page_text: other purposes in a safer and otherwise more advantageous manner
than is at present done, by means of what are known as high-pressure
kitchen boilers.
The Invention consists in providing a supplementary heater in connec-
tion with an ordinary open kitchen boiler, such supplementary heater
being arranged so as to be heated altogether, or for the most part by the
steam generated in the open boiler. This supplementary heater is a box
of copper or other suitable metal or material connected by two pipes
with the bath or cistern containing the water to be heated, but otherwise
closed and capable of sustaining the pressure due to the height of the
cistern above it. The box is made with tubes through it or with corru-
gated surfaces or in any other convenient way, so as to present considerable
surface for the action of the steam, and it is fixed in the upper part of
the open boiler.
With the connection by two pipes as described, the heat produces a
circulation of water between the bath or cistern and the box in the
boiler, so that the entire body of water in the bath or cistern becomes
gradually heated, and as the box is not subjected to a heat greater
than that of water boiling under atmospheric pressure no steam can be
generated in it, and its safety from explosion is insured.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Norris Smith in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 11th August 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
NORRIS SMITH, of the Firm of Smith and Wellstood, of Glasgow, in the a
County of Lanark, North Britain, Stove and Range Manufacturers, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-eighth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and

page_text: Figure 1 of the Drawings is a sectional plan, and Figure 2 is a

page_text: vertical section, and the same or like parts are marked by the same
reference numerals in both Figures.
I provide what may be termed a supplementary heater 3 in connection
with an ordinary open kitchen boiler 4, or what is rather in the example
delineated a boiler tank heated according to a well-known plan by means
of a box directly acted on by the fire, and connected to it by a pair of
circulating pipes 5. The supplementary heater 3 is arranged so as to be
heated altogether, or for the most part by the steam evolved in the open
boiler or tank 4, and it is constructed in the form of a box of tinned
copper or other suitable metal or material, being fitted with two pipes 6, 7,
by which it is connected with the bath, cistern, or tank containing the
water to be heated, but being otherwise closed and made capable of
sustaining the pressure due to the height of the cistern above it. The
box 3 is made with tubes 8 through it, and with a larger central
opening 9; or it may be made with corrugated surfaces, or in any other
convenient way so as to present considerable surface for the action of
the steam.
boiler or
The box is by preference fixed in the upper part of the open
tank 4, and is conveniently attached to the large cover 10 by means of
nuts screwed on the pipes 6, 7, which are passed through holes in the
cover. The cover 10 is made with a central opening provided with
a lid 11 immediately over the larger opening 9 through the box 3, and
access to the boiler tank 4 is thus conveniently afforded without
removing the box 3.
The box 3 being connected with the bath, cistern, or tank, by the two
pipes 6, 7, as described, the heat produces a circulation of water between
it and the latter, so that the entire body of water in the latter becomes
gradually heated, and as the box 3 is not subjected to a heat greater
than that of water boiling under atmospheric pressure no pressure of
steam can be generated in it, and its safety from explosion is insured.
Having thus particularly described my said Invention and the manner
of performing the same, I have to state that I do not restrict myself to
the precise details herein described or delineated, but that what I believe
to be novel and original and claim as the Invention secured to me by.
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the arranging of a
vessel which is closed, excepting its connecting pipes, so as to be heated

page_text: by steam or water in an open boiler or boiler-tank, as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Norris Smith, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
HENRY NORRIS SMITH. (L.S.)