IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHEMICAL OR ARTIFICIAL COAL."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jules Lefranc, of Boulevard Saint Denis,. 1, at Paris,
Manufacturer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF CHEMICAL OR ARTIFICIAL COAL."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jules Lefranc at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th May 1880.
JULES LEFRANC, of Boulevard Saint Denis, 1, at Paris,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHEMICAL OR ARTIFICIAL COAL."
Manufacturer.
The object of my Invention is to manufacture a carbonate and carbonized
chemical coal, particularly intended to be made into moulded blocks or bricks
suitable for heating carriage, warmers, foot warmers, and for domestic apparatus
generally.
The essential feature of the new chemical coal lies especially in the employment
for its preparation and in its composition of the carbonates in general, and more
particularly of carbonate of soda.
The following is the manner in which I manufacture about 100 lbs. of the
chemical coal :-
I grind about 100 lbs. of charcoal, say charcoal dross and cinders; I mix there-
with about 80 lbs. of liquid pitch or tar and about 15 lbs of carbonate of soda
dissolved in about 15 pints of water. I thus obtain a pasty mixture, which I
mould according to the dimensions of the blocks to be made. The blocks are
then dried, and I finally submit them to carbonization, the effect of which is to
expel the gases, and at the same time to harden the blocks which renders thein
more adapted for use.
The carbonate of soda may be replaced by carbonate of potassa or chlorate of
soda. During the carbonization the nitrogen is disengaged, the oxygen combines
with the carbon and the carbonic acid produced unites with the soda and forms the
required carbonate of soda.
In the same way carbonate of potassa may be produced by taking chlorate of
potassa as an ingredient.
Other carbonates may be employed in like manner.

page_text: •
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Jules Lefranc in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th November
1880.
JULES LEFRANC, of Boulevard Saint Denis, 1, at Paris, Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHEMICAL OR ARTIFICIAL COAL."
The object of my Invention is to manufacture a carbonated and carbonized
chemical coal particularly intended to be made into moulded blocks or bricks
suitable for heating carriage warmers, foot warmers, and for domestic apparatus
generally.
The essential feature of the new chemical coal lies especially in the employment
for its preparation and in its composition of the carbonates in general, and more
particularly of carbonate of soda or of nitrate of soda or nitrate of potassa.
The following is the manner in which I manufacture about 100 lbs. of the
chemical coal:-
I grind about 100 lbs. of charcoal, say charcoal dross and cinders; I mix there-
with about 80 lbs. of liquid pitch or tar and about 15 lbs. of carbonate of soda
dissolved in about 15 pints of water. I thus obtain a pasty mixture, which I
mould according to the dimensions of the blocks to be made. The blocks are then
dried, and I finally submit them to carbonization, the effect of which is to expel the
gases, and at the same time to harden the blocks which renders them more adapted
for use.
The carbonate of soda may be replaced by carbonate of potassa or chlorate of
soda, or nitrate of soda, or nitrate of potassa.
During the carbonization the nitrogen is disengaged the oxygen combines with
the carbon, and the carbonic acid produced unites with the soda and forms the
required carbonate of soda.
In the same way carbonate of potassa may be produced by taking chlorate of
potassa as an ingredient or nitrate of soda.
Other carbonates may be employed in like manner.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
The manufacture of a carbonated and carbonized chemical or artificial coal,
substantially as herein before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jules Lefranc, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Second day of November, One thousand cight hundred and
sighty
Witness,
ALBERT CAHEN,
Civil Engineer,
of Boulevard Saint Denis, 1,
at Paris.
J. LEFRANC. (L.S.)