matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
WARMING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS."
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Parrott at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th January 1882.
JOSEPH PARROTT of Wallington in the County of Surrey.
WARMING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
The objects of my Invention are to construct open fire places or stoves and
ventilating apparatus to be used in connection there with in such manner as to
economize the consumption of fuel, to prevent smoke, to avoid the usual rush or
draught of air from the room to the fire place or chimney and at the same time to
provide efficient ventilation of the room.
I construct my fire place or stove with a chamber beneath the grate; this chamber
is closed at bottom and on all sides while the top may consist of an iron grating or
a perforated fire brick which forms the division between the chamber and the grate.
The chamber is in communication with a box situated at the side or other
convenient part of the fire place, the communication being regulated by a valve and
this box is fed with air which may either come from the outside of the house or as
I prefer be conducted as hereinafter described from a ventilator placed in the ceiling
or other part of the room. The sides and back of the grate are made by preference
of fire brick and I cause the upper part of the back to project backwards into the
chimney about 2 inches more or less. Instead of the ordinary damper or register
I employ a slide which can be moved up and down in an inclined direction by
means of a screw or otherwise so as to close less or more of the opening into the
chimney and thereby regulate the draught. When the slide is entirely closed (when
the fire is not lighted) its inner end fits upon the projecting part before described
of the grate back. In or above the ceiling of the room and preferably over the
gaselier or chandelier when such is used I place a chamber into which one or more
openings lead from the room. From this chamber I carry a pipe above the ceiling
into the chimney and thence down into the box before described which feeds the
chamber beneath the grate with air; or if preferred the pipe might lead to the
outside. When the pipe is carried to the said box the vitiated air of the room is
consumed by the fire.
In using my fire place or stove I place coke or a mixture of coke and coal in the
A

page_text: grate and coal only in the chamber below the grate. When the coal in this chamber
is ignited it becomes charred or coked and gives off gas which passes into the coke
or coke and coal in the grate above and becomes burnt therein at the same time
assisting in the consumption of the coke. If desired the bottom of the grate may
be fitted so that it can be drawn out in order that, when wished, the chamber and
the grate may constitute one fuel receptacle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO THE OPENING AND CLOSING OF WINDOW SASHES AND THE LIKE AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR "
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Hurdle and William Davie
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1882.
GEORGE HURDLE and William DaVIE, both of Southampton in the County of
Hants, "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO THE OPENING AND CLOSING OF
WINDOW SASHES AND THE LIKE AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
"
The main object of this invention is to dispense with the sash-weights pulleys
and cords at present in use and thereby to simplify the construction.
In carrying out our invention we use a coiled spring and cogwheel protected by
a suitable case or box the teeth of the wheel gearing with a rack upon the sash;
suitable stops can be acted upon by knobs conveniently placed.
Suppose this apparatus to be attached to a top window, it will be seen that as
the window is pulled down it winds up the spring the stop or detent retaining it
in position where left; by pressing the knob and freeing the stop the spring or
wheel is released and the sash is lifted up by the force of the spring. One
apparatus may be attached to each side of the sash
This invention is applicable to other objects or purposes of a similar nature as
for instance to sliding panels and so forth
IMPROVE- MENTS IN DECORATIVE COVERINGS FOR WALLS, CEILINGS AND OTHER SURFACES "
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Hibbs at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February 1882.
CHARLES HIBBS of Plaistow in the County of Essex, Builder "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN DECORATIVE COVERINGS FOR WALLS, CEILINGS AND OTHER SURFACES
"
The object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive and durable
covering for walls, ceilings and other flat surfaces, which will give great scope to
the employment of colour and design, and which will be proof against the injurious
effects of moisture, gases and impure air.
To this end I cut from sheet glass, of suitable weight, slabs of hexagonal,
octagonal, or such other geometrical forms as will ensure the edges of the slabs
when placed together fitting accurately, and completely covering the surface to b
decorated. The cut edges of these slabs I then slightly bevil or trim, by means of
a grindstone or emery disc, so that there may be no sharp edges to mar the finished
surface of the work.
I then prepare the back surfaces of these slabs by stencilling upon them any
desired pattern in a suitable pigment, and when the stencilled pattern is dry I
apply a suitable ground colouring of great body, which I preferably produce in the
following manner :—
I first apply powdered colour mixed with turps and varnish, and when this is
dry I apply a coat of shellac, varnish, over which I apply a coating of distemper
and finish by a second application of shellac. The object of these alternate coats
of colour and varnish, is to give richness and depth to the background.
When it is desired to vary the effect and to reduce the cost of manufacture of
these decorative slabs, they may be backed by paper richly printed in colour or
designs, and caused to adhere closely to the back of the decorative slab or panel by
a suitable varnish or other medium.
The slabs or panels thus prepared are rapidly fitted in place on the surface to be
decorated by setting them in a fine cement, or builders putty; care being taken
that their adjacent edges are accurately and evenly fitted together.
This mode of manufacturing decorative slabs ensures the permanent brilliancy

page_text: of the colour and provides a luminous, perfectly smooth durable wall covering,
which may be washed or polished without injury to the colouring, from which both
air and moisture are excluded.
It is evident that the precise details of construction of these imperishable slabs
or panels may be greatly varied without departing from the tenour of my
invention.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Martin Musgrave at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd November 1882.
WALTER MARTIN MUSGRAVE of Bolton in the County of Lancaster, Engineer
IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ENGINES
On the governor spindle below the ordinary governor I fit an auxiliary governor
which will run at the same speed as the ordinary governor and is provided with
friction plates which actuate a friction pulley when the speed becomes too high or
too low owing to any variation in the load on the engine: the friction pulley is
fixed on a screw passing through one end of a vibrating lever connected to the
balance weight on the ordinary governor to move the weight nearer or farther
from the fulchrum of the balance lever to increase the action of the ordinary
governor and so regulate the cut off that the variation in the speed of the engine
will be reduced to a minimum
Other mechanism may be employed to move the weight on the balance lever
such as a band or chain passing over a wheel on the same shaft as the friction
pulley and connected to the weight so as to move it when the speed of the Engine
varies.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN SPINNING MACHINERY
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Holmes at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th July 1882.
JOHN HOLMES of Allerton in the County of York, Worsted Spinner "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SPINNING MACHINERY
"
My invention relates to certain improvements in Roving and Spinning frames,
and has for its object the production of softer roving and yarn having fewer turns
to the inch, and with less breakages than is obtained by machines as ordinarily
constructed.
I accomplish my object by mounting between each pair of front rollers and
carriers a revolving funnel made to traverse in the same direction as the back
guide bar. The revolving funnels support the fibre between the carriers and front
rollers, wrapping and compressing it together, delivering the fibre to the nip of the
front rollers more compact than when passing direct from the carriers to the front
rollers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANISM FOR FACILITATING THE BORING AND TAPPING OF HOLES IN BOILER PLATES, THE PUTTING IN OF STAYS OR STUDS, THE FIXING OR EXPANDING OF TUBES, AND SIMILAR OPERATIONS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Davidson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th September 1882.
"
ROBERT DAVIDSON of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANISM FOR FACILITATING THE BORING AND
TAPPING OF HOLES IN BOILER PLATES, THE PUTTING IN OF STAYS OR STUDS, THE
FIXING OR EXPANDING OF TUBES, AND SIMILAR OPERATIONS
"
This invention has for its objects the saving of labor and time, and the obtaining
of other advantages in the operations of boring and tapping holes in boiler plates,
putting in stays or studs, fixing or expanding tubes, and in similar operations.
In a simple modification the improved mechanism comprises a pinion and spur-
wheel held in bearings in a pair of plates which are bolted together and which are
formed with or have jointed to them a long arm or lever the other end of which is
to be held or guided in any convenient way to prevent the plates from turning.
The pinion is formed with or fixed on a spindle made with a squared end to receive
a winch handle, and the spurwheel is formed with a square central eye or hole,
which is placed upon the boring or tapping spindle such spindle being otherwise
arranged and used in the ordinary way. With the improved arrangement increased
power is easily applicable to the tools, and can be exerted in a continuous and very
convenient manner.
When stays or studs are to be screwed into their places the spurwheel is set with
its central eye on the squared end of the stay or stud; and when used for fixing
tubes the tube expander is similarly operated upon by setting the spurwheel on
its squared spindle.
The details of the mechanism are susceptible of various obvious modifications:
thus a worm and worm wheel may be substituted for the pinion and spurwheel; and
spurwheels or worm wheels may be arranged in combination for operating
simultaneously in connection with two or more holes, the parts being made
adjustable to suit different pitches or distances between the holes.
In some cases the spindle of the pinion or worm may have applied to it a
sprocket wheel with an endless chain, which will allow of the mechanism being
easily worked when too high or otherwise inconveniently situated for direct
working.
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Walter Leather at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th May 1882.
JOHN WALTER LEATHER of St. Helens, in the county of Lancaster IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID
"
My invention consists in an improved method of manufacturing hydrochloric
acid by which I produce an acid practically free from arsenic and sulphuric acid
and my mode of doing so is as follows:-To the crude muriatic acid usually
obtained in alkali works by the decomposition of chloride of sodium and chloride
of potassium and which acid usually contains impurities in the shape of either
arsenic or sulphuric acid or their compounds, I add sulphuretted hydrogen
preferably in the form of sulphide of barium or other combination of sulphur
with a base where such combination would be acted on by the muriatic acid and
the sulphuretted hydrogen set free to combine with the arsenic. But I prefer as
before stated to use sulphuretted hydrogen in combination with baryta commonly
called sulphide of barium and I prefer to mix this compound in a liquid form with
the muriatic acid as by the use of this substance not only is the arsenic precipitated
as sulpide of arsenic but any sulphuric acid or its compounds which may be present
are precipitated as sulphate of baryta.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS, PART OF WHICH IS APPLICABLE TO CANDLESTICKS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sidney Grafton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th June 1882.
SIDNEY GRAFTON Engineer of 54 William Edward Street Birmingham
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS, PART OF WHICH IS APPLICABLE TO CANDLESTICKS
My invention relates to lamps having flat or round wicks and which I describe
under three heads namely-Trimming the wick, Extinguishing the Bame, and a
provision for matches.
1stly I provide for attachment a flat tube open at each end, and about an inch
in length. This has a lateral aperture or slit near the angles extending nearly
the whole length, so that it may be easily compressed with the fingers, this end
so compressible is shaped semicircular or otherwise to which the cotton wick is
shaped when passed through the tube with an ordinary pair of scissors
2ndly I provide a round tube or otherwise about three quarters of an inch in
length having at one end a flat jointed lid with spring to keep it closed similar to
a mouse trap. The whole passes freely up and down the wick tube, closing or
opening as the lid passes the extreme edge of the wick tube. A pin or projection
on the wick tube fitting into a lateral opening in the extinguisher tube retains it
in its position.
3rdly I attach on the upper part of the loop or ring through which the fingers
pass to retain the lamp, or candlestick, a match box which is easily manipulated
by the finger or. thumb of the hand carrying.
A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SULPHIDE OF SODIUM A com
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, Proprietor of the
firm of J. Brandt & G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer
of 124 Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, Germany for an invention of A NEW OR
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SULPHIDE OF SODIUM A com-
munication from the Verein chemischer Fabriken, of Mannheim, Germany
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von
Nawrocki at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June
1882.
•
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the firm of J. Brandt-
& G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer of 124 Leipzigerstrasse,
Berlin, Germany, "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
SULPHIDE OF SODIUM," a communication from the Verein chemischer Fabriken,
of Mannheim, Germany,
This invention consists in a process for the manufacture of sulphide of sodium,
also called sodic sulphide from the residue of the manufacture of soda (tank-waste).
For this purpose fresh tank-waste is mixed with ground sulphate of soda in
proportions equivalent to the sulphide of calcium contained in the tank-waste, and
water is added sufficient to dissolve the sulphate of soda. The mixture is then
exposed in closed vessels to a steam pressure up to five atmospheres in order to
produce the mutual decomposition of the sulphide of calcium and the sulphate of
soda. The sulphide of sodium thus obtained is separated from the sulphate of
lime by lixiviation.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 5th December 1882.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the firm of J. Brandt
& G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer of 124 Leipzigerstrasse,
. Berlin, Germany "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
SULPHIDE OF SODIUM," a communication from the Verein chemischer Fabriken,
of Mannheim, Germany
This invention consists in a process for the manufacture of sulphide of sodium
(also called sodic sulphide) from the residue of the manufacture of soda. (tank-
waste)
For this purpose fresh tank-waste is mixed with ground sulphate of soda in
proportions equivalent to the sulphide of calcium contained in the tank-waste, and
water is added sufficient to dissolve the sulphate of soda. The mixture is then
exposed in closed vessels to a steam-pressure up to five atmospheres, in order to
produce the mutual decomposition of the sulphide of calcium and the sulphate of
soda.
The sulphide of sodium and sulphate of lime, which result from this reaction, are
separated from each other by lixiviation.
Claim
The reaction of sulphate of Soda and water on tank-waste at a high temperature
and under pressure substantially as and for the purpose described.
In witness whereof I the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki have hereunto
set my hand and seal this second day of December A.D. 1882
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING AND PURIFYING "MIDLINGS" IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOUR
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Beal at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th May 1882.
JOHN BEAL of Sheffield in the County of York, Millwright
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING AND PURIFYING "MIDLINGS" IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF FLOUR."
My Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for separating and purifying
that portion of ground corn, known in the manufacture of flour as midlings-and
the object of my invention is the more effectual accomplishment of the above
mentioned operations, and. it consists chiefly in the arrangement and use of
horizontal rotary beaters in conjunction with an exhaust fan, a sieve, and other
known appliances used in similar machinery.
In carrying out my invention I make a suitable framework to carry the sieve
and the necessary driving gear, by preference of wood, and fitted with the usual
feed screw for carrying away the finished material
On the top of the framework, at one end, I arrange a compartment to contain
the horizontal rotary beater, and above the beater is fixed a long hopper provided
with an endless worm or feed screw, into which the midlings are first placed, and
from which they are fed into the beater compartment through adjustable slots and
by means of a feed screw. The beater is constructed as follows, a horizontal shaft
passes through the beater compartment and is supported in suitable bearings, at
each end, and by preference on the outside of the framework-two or more circular
plates or discs are securely fixed to the said shaft and as wide apart as the interior
of the compartment will allow.
A number of straight, or curved, or otherwise shaped rods or bars, reaching from
one disc to the other, are secured to or round the periphery of the discs, or there-
abouts, (so as to form a skeleton drum) and if desired other rods or bars may be
fixed inside the ring of the outer rods or bars.
The above described beater may be enclosed in an outer casing, the upper portion
made of sheet iron and the lower portion of wire work or its equivalent; fixed
rods or bars being arranged inside the casing so as to aid in beating and separating
the fluffy parts of the midlings by the revolving beater.

page_text: A smaller revolving shaft with ribs, fans, or projections may be placed under
the revolving beater, for the purpose of distributing the midlings-so that it may
be effectually brought under the action of the exhaust fan-The compartiment is
made with one or more inlets for air, which open into the compartment near the
bottom side, and the exhaust fan is connected by one or more openings through
the top side of the compartment.
When the material has been thoroughly acted upon by the beater, and the light
and fluffy parts carried off by the exhaust or suction of the fan-the heavier
portions fall through a shoot into a flat sieve having a reciprocating movement,
and from thence to undergo further operations.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS AND APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN DYEING, BLEACHING OR OTHERWISE OPERATING UPON THREADS SLIVERS " AND OTHER TEXTILE MATERIALS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Clayton Mewburn at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th May 1882. Communicated
to him from abroad by Louis Maximin Nouvelet and Lucien Fay both of Reims,
France.
JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN of 169 Fleet Street in the City of London Patent
Agent and Consulting Engineer "AN IMPROVED PROCESS AND APPARATUS TO BE
EMPLOYED IN DYEING, BLEACHING OR OTHERWISE OPERATING UPON THREADS SLIVERS
"
AND OTHER TEXTILE MATERIALS [Communicated to him from abroad by Louis
Maximin Nouvelet and Lucien Fay both of Reims, France.]
The process which forms the subject of this Invention is applicable to the dyeing,
bleaching, washing, scouring, sulphuring or other treatment of threads, slivers,
cops &c of flax, hemp, cotton, wool, silk or other textile materials in any form.
These materials are immersed in the liquid by which the dyeing, bleaching or other
operation is effected, but the liquid acts under special conditions which I will
proceed to explain. They are placed on perforated tubes or nozzles through which
the liquid is forced under pressure the forcing agent being a jet of steam which
produces a suction of the liquid in the trough or bath and drives it through the
perforated tubes around which the materials are wrapped. There is thus a
continuous circulation of the same liquid produced by an injection of steam.
The apparatus for carrying this process into effect consists of a trough or vessel
containing the bath or liquid suitably prepared according to the particular
treatment required. At the lower part of this trough is a steam injection nozzle
or ajutage which forms a prolongation of a steam pipe. A funnel for the passage
of the liquid from the trough to the steam nozzle is connected thereto. To the end
of this nozzle is attached a pipe to which are connected a number of metal tubes
perforated with a number of holes-Over these metal tubes are placed tubes of
hardened caoutchouc similarly perforated or formed with spiral slits. The threads,
slivers or materials to be dyed, scoured, bleached &c are wrapped upon the
caoutchouc tubes.
When a current of steam is sent into the steam nozzle it produces a suction
therein which draws the liquid contained in the trough through the funnel-This
•
A

page_text: liquid is driven with force through the perforated tubes and passes through the
threads slivers or other textile materials-The materials are thus continuously
traversed under pressure by the liquid in which they are immersed.
The same apparatus can be employed for drying yarns and slivers; in this case
hot or cold air is injected which is forced at the same time to the exterior and
interior of the tubes; a complete, regular and rapid drying of the materials is thus
effected.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS FOR PRESSING ASBESTOS INTO WOOD, PAPIER MACHÉ AND OTHER LIKE MATERIALS FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAKING THEM NON-INFLAMMABLE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Illius Augustus Timmis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th December 1882.
ILLIUS AUGUSTUS TIMMIS of 17 Great George Street Westminster London. S.W.
Civil Engineer " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS FOR PRESSING ASBESTOS INTO
WOOD, PAPIER MACHÉ AND OTHER LIKE MATERIALS FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAKING
THEM NON-INFLAMMABLE
"
My Invention consists in pressing Asbestos into inflammable materials such
as wood, papier maché etc. and by that means rendering them non-inflammable and
not so readily damaged as they are at present to the action of heat and at the
same time to coat them with a surface coat of paint or other like substances
I take for example one or more pieces of wood prepared as laggins for a Loco-
motive or other boiler and put them in a strong cylinder together with an Asbestos
solution say for instance Asbestos paint. I then close the cylinder and by the
introduction of a ram or plunger or by Hydraulic pressure or any other suitable
means for producing pressure applied in any convenient way press the solution or
paint into the wood.
In the case of laggins Asbestos paint is now used to coat them with but its use
is nullified by the paint crumbling off while under the action of heat but if it is
pressed in in the way described or in a somewhat similar way that creosote is
pressed into Railway wooden sleepers its good effects would be permanent.
I apply my Invention principally to laggins, flooring, boards, panelling for
Railway carriage doors and other doors, Felting for covering boilers, Millboard
paper, and for the covers of Books but I wish it clearly to be understood that I do
not limit myself to the aforesaid materials.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LAMP GLOBES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Crowder at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th September 1882.
JAMES CROWDER of 99 Summer Street Southwark Bridge in the County of
Surrey "IMPROVEMENTS IN INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LAMP GLOBES".
My Invention has reference to those incandescent electric lamp globes in which
the conducting wires are sealed into the glass forming part of the globe itself and
the object of my improvements is
1stly To construct the lamp with as few joints as possible and
2ndly To economise labour and cost in its production
I carrying my Invention into effect I take an ordinary glass globe with shank
as delivered from the glass factory and place the lower part of the shank in a fire
and having heated it, it is drawn out into a fine stem. This extended shank
portion is then again heated and by means of a suitable iron wire or rod two or
more tubes are formed on opposite sides of the bulb portion by forcing inwards
portion of the glass upon either side of the shank or neck of the globe
Into these tubes the conducting wires are placed and the tubes fastened or sealed
hermetically round them by reheating the glass In completing the lamp the shank
is cracked or cut off to enable the carbon and filaments to be mounted on or
connected with the conducting wires
The two edges of the shank are then brought together and joined to each other,
and the lamp having been exhausted is finally sealed off close to the bottom of
the sbank
The main advantage of my Invention is that an incandescent lamp globe
constructed as I have described can be utilized as often as required simply by
inserting new carbons and severing and rejointing the shank in the manner
described
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS FITTINGS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Collings Wells and Roughsedge
Wallwork at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th July
1882.
ARTHUR COLLINGS WELLS, and ROUGHSEDGE WALLWORK, both of the City of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS
FITTINGS."
The object of one part of our invention is to so arrange gas fittings that while
the gas can be turned on or off by the ordinary tap, the light can be readily turned
up to the full extent required or turned down so as only to just keep lighted ready
to be turned on to the full extent in a moment.
This can only be done by the ordinary stop cock by taking care in turning the
cock. To be able to turn the light up and down instantly, and without care,
prevents waste of gas especially when the light is frequently required for only
short periods.
gas
One modification of our invention consists in making one of the joints of
brackets, so that when the branch is moved to one position the gas will be fully on,
but when turned to another position the gas will be shut off, except only so much
as will just keep the light burning.-If the gas fixing be a wall bracket, the gas is
fully on, say when the branch is perpendicular to the wall or at an angle say
30 degrees from the position, but when parallel to the wall the light is turned down
low, and thus the light can be turned up and down with certainty without the
necessity of seeing that it is done properly.
This changing of the position of the branch can be done instantly by moving it
by hand or by connection with cords or wires when at a distance from the branch.
The plug forming the joint of the gas branch is made in the ordinary manner,
except that there is only a small hole or small channel or groove in the plug or
part holding the plug for gas when the branch is in one position, but a large
channel or groove as in ordinary fixings when the branch is in another position to
give the full supply of gas.
For vertical pendants, the descending branch is connected with a plug having
grooves or channels as above explained, so that the light is raised and lowered by
artly rotating the branch.
"

page_text: For chandeliers especially with several branches there is one central plug
through which the gas passes to each branch, by turning this plug into one position
the gas
is fully on, and into another position the gas is turned down to the desired
extent.
By another modification the tap or plug for supplying the gas is arranged with
stops, when turned to one position the gas is fully on, and when in another it is
entirely off, but there is an intermediate position where it is partly on to the
desired extent.
This latter position is a movable stop, arranged on a spring or joint which has
to be pushed to one side before the gas can be fully turned off.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF OMNIBUSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Abbott at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st February 1882.
JOHN ABBOTT of Torridge Works Bideford in the County of Devon Carriage
Builder "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF OMNIBUSES,"
This Invention has for its object improvements in the construction of omnibuses,
so as to provide greater comfort for the passengers, with easier access to both the
interior, and exterior of the vehicle, and is effected by forming at the rear of the
omnibus & step or platform of about the same width as the body. This step or
platform may be at the same, or a lower level than the floor of the vehicle and in
the centre of the back of which is placed the doorway. On either side of the
doorway and taking the form of a truncated triangle is placed stairways or ladders
provided with hand rails. The lower ends of the stairways or ladders are supported
by the step or platform, and their upper ends terminate at and are supported by a
stage which also forms a hood or covering over the step or platform. At or about
the level of the seats in the interior, the frame work of the vehicle is extended
beyond the front of the body and is strengthened and stayed by means of arms or
continuations of the side framing or suitable metal brackets attached to the body
may be employed.
The fore-carriage which may be of any design or construction is attached to this
framework in such a manner that a perfect lock may be obtained.
The main or large wheels are carried by a cranked axle which permits of the
floor of the vehicle and the step or platform being placed near the ground and the
position of the main wheels with reference to the body is such that little weight is
thrown on to the fore-carriage. The cranked axle may be fitted with ordinary
springs and attachments to the body, but in some cases it is preferred to employ
steel. India-rubber, or combination buffer springs, fitted in suitable recesses, and
supports formed on, or attached to the cranked axle, which is also provided with
lugs or projections. These lugs or projections are made to fit but free to move in
corresponding recesses formed in brackets securely attached to the principal
framework of the vehicle. The coachman's seat protected by means of a hood may
be either attached to the body of the omnibus, or it may be supported on brackets
TD 071

page_text: carried by the extended framework to which the fore carriage is connected.
Communication between the coachman and the conductor is made by means of a
speaking tube terminating in trumpet shaped mouth pieces. The seats for the
passengers on the roof of the vehicle may be either placed along the sides leaving
a clear space in the centre, or they may be placed back to back, extending so far
to the front of the vehicle as to form a protecting hood or covering over the
coachman's seat.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND CIRCULATING WATER.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Newbold and Samuel
Thornley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th June
1882.
SAMUEL NEWBOLD and SAMUEL THORNLEY of Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster, Hot Water Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS OR APPARATUS
FOR HEATING AND CIRCULATING WATER.
"
Our improvements have reference to such water circulating boilers or apparatus
as are used to heat, warm and ventilate greenhouses, churches buildings and spaces
and consist of new constructions of the boilers proper.
Under one modification, which is mainly intended to be heated by gas, although
solid fuel may be used, I make the boiler of novel upper and lower parts and
connect them by pipes or otherwise. The upper part is dome like in shape the
whole forming a water wall; the lower part is cylindrical or polygonal at and near
the top, then narrows downwards until it reaches the throat which is again cylin-
drical or polygonal. The gas burner is immediately over the throat, space being lett
for admission of air. The products of combustion pass away between the upper and
lower parts either into the atmosphere or by a flue.
Under a second part, which is intended to be used with coke or solid fuel, I make
in one or more pieces a cylindrical water shell with two horizontal water flanges.
the water being one undivided mass and set the whole in brick work or in a casing so
that the heat can play freely on the interior and exterior surfaces of the cylindrical
part and of the flanges. To secure a convenient fire and stirring door a part of the
oylindrical water shell is cut off.
In both modifications as will be obvious the outflow for hot water is from the
top of the boilers and the return to the bottom.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES OR APPARATUS FOR PLAYING A GAME OF CHANCE AND SKILL
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th September 1882. Communi-
cated to him from abroad by Henri Rovel of Paris in the Republic of France.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES OR APPARATUS FOR PLAYING A
GAME OF CHANCE AND SKILL." A communication to me from abroad by Henri
Rovel of Paris in the Republic of France.
This Invention relates to a new or improved game termed " Bombarding" in
which a fort or receptacle is elevated at the centre of an enclosure or platform and
balls or projectiles are thrown into this fort or receptacle by suitable discharging
apparatus arranged at the sides of the enclosure or platform in such a manner as
to enable the players to exercise their skill in directing the projectiles at the proper
angle to cause them to fall into the fort or receptacle.
In arranging this improved game for say twenty players the players are
stationed round an enclosure or platform provided with a number of mortars or
apparatus for throwing the balls or projectiles which latter are distinguished by
colours or numbers corresponding with colours or numbers on the mortars
At the centre of the platform is a chamber or receptacle representing a fort for
example provided with a flag suspended in such a manner that when a ball falls
into the fort or receptacle it acts upon a lever which causes the flag to move and
thus show that the shot has taken effect
Each of the mortars is provided with a helical or other spring which is com-
pressed by the player by means of a suitable rod
Balls or projectiles are introduced into these mortars and forcibly ejected there-
from by the action of the spring when the latter is released by the player
Inclined planes or passages meeting at the centre of the fort or receptacle may
be provided for causing the balls on arriving at this point to be directed towards
one of a series of compartments at the base of the fort distinguished by appropriate
colours or numbers, means being provided for preventing balls from falling into
these compartments otherwise than through the passages in the interior of the fort
or receptacle
Skill and chance are thus combined in this game and either of these elements
may be caused to preponderate by suitable modifications of the arrangement such
for example as causing the base of the fort to rotate The mortars may if desired
be provided with suitable devices for producing a detonation at each shot
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR STOPPING OR CONTROLLING RUNAWAY OR RESTIVE HORSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Clayton Mewburn at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd October 1882. Communicated
to him from abroad by Charles von Schwarz of Vienna Austria
JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN of 169 Fleet Street in the City of London Patent
Agent and Consulting Engineer, is IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS
FOR STOPPING OR CONTROLLING RUNAWAY OR RESTIVE HORSES [Communicated
to him from abroad by Charles von Schwarz of Vienna Austria]
"
The object of this invention is to provide ready means or apparatus which when
brought into action will cause a runaway horse to stop or a restive horse to
become quiet; and the invention consists of a hollow frame containing a blinding
cap or hood, the frame being attached to the horse's head and the cap or hood
falling down over the horse's eyes when the coachman pulls a strap fitted for
this purpose.
The manner in which the apparatus may be advantageously arranged is as
follows:-
The frame is U-shaped and its cross section is also that of a U.
In the groove
or recess thus formed the blinding cap or hood lies when drawn up. This cap or
hood is a sort of curtain with U shaped ribs or stiffeners which keep it in form
when let down and cause it to go into regular folds when drawn up into the frame.
To retain it in the frame when drawn up there are two catches one on each side.
The releasing apparatus at each side consists of a lever carrying the catch and
fixed on a spindle having its bearings in lugs projecting from the frame. To the
spindle is fixed another lever having an eye or loop to which a strap is connected;
this strap after being passed through a ring at the middle of the frame is led to
the coachman. A spiral spring surrounding the spindle tends to keep the lever and
catch under the frame so as to support the bottom rib of the cap or hood and thus
hold up the whole cap. To limit the action of the spring the lever has a pin which
comes against the side of the frame. When the cap is being lifted the successive
ribs push out the levers by sliding against the inclined faces of the catches, and
after the last rib has passed, the catches spring out again. When the strap is
pulled in order to let down the cap the movement of the levers is again limited by
pins on the frame. At each end of the frame is a ring to enable it to be fixed by
straps to the horse's head.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ACETIC ACID
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1882. A communi-
cation from abroad by Fröhlich and Company, of Zeitz, in the German
Empire.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF ACETIC ACID." A communication from abroad by Fröhlich and
Company, of Zeitz, in the German Empire.
This Invention has for its object to produce concentrated acetic acid without
losing the peculiar aroma which is generally destroyed by the distillation of
vinegar or by the decomposition of acetates.
It consists in causing vinegar to freeze which may be effected by means of an
ordinary ice machine, and separating the concentrated vinegar from the ice by
means of a press or by a centrifugal machine. The product thus obtained contains
up to 50 per cent of acetic acid according to the degree of freezing which has been
applied.
The ice remaining in the pross or centrifugal machine contains a small amount
of vinegar which may be recovered by thawing.
IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING RACING IN MARINE AND OTHER CONDENSING STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Holt at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th March 1882.
JOSEPH HOLT, of Mossley in the County of Cheshire
«
IMPROVED MEANS OF
AND APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING RACING IN MARINE AND OTHER CONDENSING
STEAM ENGINES
This invention relates to improved means of and apparatus for preventing
"racing" in marine and other condensing steam engines, and, (as applied to marine
engines) consists in fixing close to the crank shaft an intermediate shaft driven by
spur gear from and at the same speed as the crank shaft, the intermediate shaft
carrying a cam and a speed pulley. A second small intermediate shaft is fixed close
to the one above mentioned and is fitted with a speed pulley and the necessary
bevil gear to drive an ordinary governor or its equivalent.
In conjunction with the first described intermediate shaft I place a guard which
by a series of connecting rods or levers acted upon automatically by the governor
(or its equivalent) is, upon any alteration of speed in the engine brought in contact
with the cam on the first intermediate shaft. By this means it is made (when the
speed is increased) to open the condenser and shut off the steam and by its reverse
action it shuts the condenser and admits the steam thus keeping the engine down
to its fixed speed.
By this means I can secure a range of speeds suitable to all conditions of
weather.
It will be readily understood that the invention is easily applicable to stationary
engines. The cam, guard and levers in this case are fitted to the stand of the
governor
AN IMPROVED SAFETY LAMP FOR MINES.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Cunliffe at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th March 1882.
JAMES CUNLIFFE of Walkden near Bolton le Moors in the County of Lancaster
Colliery Manager AN IMPROVED SAFETY LAMP FOR MINES.
My invention consists in the use of a glass cylinder of the size and thickness at
present in use in colliers lamps having an opening extending down the whole length
of the side of such cylinder. The width of this opening is not material but by
preference should not exceed one quarter of the circumference of the glass cylinder.
This opening is filled in with the ordinary wire gauze and thereby allows of the
admission of air to the flame and also for the expansion of. the glass cylinder when
heated. I also close up the top of the cylinder with wire gauze thereby dispensing
with the ordinary cylinder of wire gauze above the glass which cylinder of gauze is
incapable of resisting a current of explosive mixture on account of the liability of
the flame of the lamp to be blown through the sides of the gauze cylinder. My
opening down the side of the glass cylinder combined with the wire gauze covering
on the top of the glass cylinder enables my lamp to resist such current of explosive
mixture because the flame can never be forced either through the wire gauze top.
or through the lateral opening. My invention enables the lamp to be readily
moved about without fear of the flame being extinguished. Several improved safety
lamps have been found to fail on this account. In other respects my lamp resembles
those at present in use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OPENING AND CLOSING CARRIAGE HEADS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Charles Towns at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th March 1882.
THOMAS CHARLES TOWNS of Birmingham in the County of Warwick Coach-body
Maker "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OPENING AND CLOSING CARRIAGE
HEADS;
This Invention consists of a lever of peculiar form working from the head
pillar and head prop on to the cant rail The lever is bent so as to admit the fall
back of the cant rail and works in the cant rail by means of a slot in one end of
the lever through which a pin on the cant rail passes. The lower end of the lever
is forged solid upon the head prop. The head joint and the spring are the same
as in ordinary actions and work in combination with the lever arrangement for
throwing back the cant rail.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES a communi
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Alfred Barlow at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th June 1882. Communicated to
ine from abroad by Ludwig Gühring and Wilhelm Köhrer both of Stuttgart
in the kingdom of Wurtemburg Germany
WALTER ALFRED BARLOW of 6 St Paul's Churchyard in the City of London
Patent Agent and Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES a communi-
cation to me from abroad by Ludwig Gübring and Wilhelm Köhrer both of
Stuttgart in the Kingdom of Wurtemburg
This Invention relates to certain improvements in sewing machines which said
improvements consists in mechanically turning the presser foot so as to turn
automatically when the machine is at work for the purpose of doing circular or
oval sewing in boot and shoe making of every kind.
For that purpose there is placed under or inside of the cylinder a small wheel
provided round half of its circumference with teeth in which wheel the bar of the
presser foot is carried
For actuating the wheel and with it the presser foot there is provided an
arrangement of lifting mechanism as follows:-
-
On a lifting lever arm is placed a connecting lever and on the sewing machine
arm is fixed a crank arm whereby one part of said crank arm is connected to the
second lever whilst the other part is so connected with the ratchet lever that
according to its position in one or other of the slots in the said crank arm the
semi toothed wheel is rotated one or two teeth and effects circular sewing in
shoemaking.
.
The lifting lever arm has its turning centre towards the centre thereof and it
follows that with evry lift of said lever arm the wheel and the attached presser
foot is rotated so that the presser foot after turning takes a position on the other
side of the needle.
If the ratchet and wheel turning device is to be put out of motion this can be
effected with any known means
CHECKING AND ASCERTAINING THE MEASUREMENT OF DRAPERY AND ALL ROLLED GOODS AT SIGHT WITHOUT UNROLLING THE SAME] MEASUREING DRAPERY, YARNS, RIBBONS, FLANNELS, FIBRES, AND ALL MANUFACTURED GOODS THAT ARE USUALLY ROLLED ON ROLLERS OF ANY MATERIAL OR FLAT ROLLED OR ROLLED IN ITSELF
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Scruby at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th June 1882.
JOSEPH SCRUBY of Romford in the County of Essex England [CHECKING AND
ASCERTAINING THE MEASUREMENT OF DRAPERY AND ALL ROLLED GOODS AT SIGHT
WITHOUT UNROLLING THE SAME] MEASUREING DRAPERY, YARNS, RIBBONS, FLANNELS,
FIBRES, AND ALL MANUFACTURED GOODS THAT ARE USUALLY ROLLED ON ROLLERS
OF ANY MATERIAL OR FLAT ROLLED OR ROLLED IN ITSELF
A cloth measure from five up to Onehundred and fifty yards long and divided
by the English standard Cloth measure into yards, quarters of a yard, nails, and
inches, made in lengths of from five, ten, twenty, thirty forty, fifty, sixty, seventy,
eighty, ninety, and One hundred yards, and up to One hundred and fifty yards in
length, to be used on goods of length and used as a check for the length of the
same by pinning or fixing the first part of the first yard of each such measure at
the end or first part of such material that is to be measured and by rolling the
same measure in with the material in a line with the edge of the same material
either on the upper or under side, either of which may be deemed best, the length
of that that is so rolled will be indicated on the measure at the end.
measure will serve as a check on all material, rolled, used, part sold, or in its
original quantity, and will save immense labour in Stocktakings of all rolled goods,
and always be an effectual check on quantity sold and for this application is
patented the Cloth Measure to be made of tough paper material or on tape and
known under the title or name of "The Scruby Check Drapery measure
"
The