Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 17th July, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 15th Apr., 1897-Accepted, 17th Aug., 1897
We, JOSEPH PALLWEBER and ADOLF KOLBE, both of Frankfort-on-the-Main in the
Empire of Germany, Technologist and Merchant, respectively, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The improved electric clock hereinafter described and which may be employed for
either the present 12 hour or the 24 hour time, is essentially characterised by a flyer
operated electrically or mechanically from a drum or drums carrying separate figure
sheets revoluble on vertical spindles and which engages in succession every minute
or every hour each sheet separately and turns it over about 180°, so that the new
number of minutes (or hours) appears as on both sides of an opened book standing
up vertically; the drums carrying the separate figure sheets being revolved
mechanically or directly or indirectly by means of an electro-magnet.
For the movement of the sheet carrying drums and also for the larger movement
of the flyer a pawl or shifting mechanism is necessary. Both mechanisms may be
mechanically independent of each other and be operated by one or more cominon
electro-magnets. They may also be suitably mechanically connected with one
another, for instance by cogwheel gearing, and one of them be electrically operated.
Further modifications may be made in the succession of the movements of the drum
and the flyer. First the flyer and then the drum may be moved or vice versa, or
both simultaneously. Further the flyer may, when in its stationary position, lie on
the last turned over sheet (the tens) or on the one that is to be turned over next
(units side). The pawl mechanism may be operated directly or indirectly from the
magnet, for instance the armature of the electro-magnet on being attracted may
stretch a spring or raise a weight and on the return movement the spring or the
weight may act. Constant or alternating currents may be sent from a central clock,
either a working or stopping current being employed, or current increasing or
diminishing devices, either for a simultaneous movement of the two pawls or switching
mechanisms for drum and flyer or for movements separated by a period of time.
Only a few of the many combinations resulting from the above will now be
described. The bottom disc or cheek of the drum carrying the sheets is toothed
(60 minutes 60 teeth) and an electro-magnet revolves this drum one tooth, by means
of an armature and pawl on the current being closed from the central clock;
simultaneously a toothed sector is moved on its axis by the armature and the flyer is
thus operated by means of a pinion gearing with said sector. This flyer in its
simplest form consists of a spring arm vertical to its spindle and has at its end a
pawl or wedge shaped projection adapted to engage under the edge of or a projection
on the sheet lying to the right as seen from the front. Two pins are provided as
stops for the sheets.
The mode of operation is as follows-
In the position of repose (that is to say for about 59 seconds) the flyer rests on the
sheet which, when seen from the front, lies at the left, which sheet is held back by
means of a pin the armature being away from its magnet whilst the sheet lying to
the right rests with its edge or projection behind another pin. If current be then

page_text: passed through the magnet coils the armature is attracted by the electro-magnet, the
drum with all the 60 sheets is turned one tooth, that is to say, the distance of two
vertical sheet-spindles and the sheet last turned and which lies tangential to the
drum is adjusted to a certain extent. parallel to itself, so that its projection passes
over the pin. The sheet to be turned has a similar movement so that its projection
goes to the left of its stop pin and another sheet takes its place The flyer goes
from the sheet on the left to the sheet on the right and engages the projection of
the latter, and when the current is interrupted a spring draws off the armature which
is pivotally mounted in front of the magnet whilst the drum is held stationary by a
stop pawl. The flyer operated from the armature by the toothed sector and pinion
thus takes the sheet with it, and places it in front of the other pin, as it did
previously with the preceding sheet; there appears then a representation of figures
with the next number of minutes. In this arrangement the drum is thus moved
first and then the flyer.
In another case the flyer may lie to the right when in a position of repose, that is
to say, on the sheet which is to be turned, and its pawl may engage under the
projection of the sheet to be turned, the armature being on the 8 magnet pole (in
this case alternating current operation is selected as an example). If then current
be passed into the apparatus, the armature, by the induction of a solenoid becomes
south polar and rests on the N pole of the magnet, the flyer passes from right to left
with the sheet and lays the same in front of the preceding sheet, which is still
retained by the pin, on the alternation of current the armature moves again to the
S pole, the drum is revolved one tooth, another sheet moves to the left of the stop
pin, the turned sheet passes over its stop pin, and the next sheet engages between
said pin and another pin immediately in front of it. The flyer immediately returns
and rests in front of the next sheet as it did previously, engaging the same with its
projection or pawl. In this case, therefore, the flyer moves first and then the
drum.
A third case consists in the simultaneous movement of flyer and sheet drum.
In its position of repose the flyer rests in front of the sheet to be turned engaging
the edge or projection of the latter with its pawl, and said sheet lies in front of one
stop pin, the arimature being drawn off its magnet and the sheet last turned engaged
by a pawl or spring catch. If then the electro-magnet be excited, the armature is
attracted, the drum is revolved one tooth, the projection of the sheet last: turned
escapes from the pawl because it is pushed parallel to itself, the flyer moves the sheet
to be turned from right to left and places it under the pawl and the next sheet
inserts itself between the two stop pins. On the interruption of the current, the
flyer moves back, engages the next sheet and holds it iminediately in front of the
outermost pin. In this case the spindle of the flyer has preferably a somewhat
inclined position no longer parallel to the drum spindle, so as to in fact rise somewhat
to the right, in order that a pin on the flyer may rest in the right hand position in
front of the sheet, which can then no longer fall down on the clock being inclined,
but on the other hand can return under the sheet in the left hand position where the
flyer is somewhat deeper.
Another form of construction of the flyer and the device for turning over the
separate figure sheets consists in the flyer carrying the separate figure sheets and
operated by a spiral spring in the case of mechanical operation being arranged as a
double armed lever eccentrically to the vertical drum spindle, which lever revolves
on a spindle and carries on each side a stop pin directed upwards and downwards
respectively. These pins are attached to the double armed lever at such points, that
the upwardly directed pins, which carry the figure sheet with them, on the rotation of
the former, describe a circle of larger diameter than the downwardly directed pins
which serve to arrest the lever in the case of mechanical driving of the clock-work
after each rotation of 180°. Both ends of this double lever or flyer are bevelled off
for a short extent of their width in opposite directions in order that the same end
which is intended to carry with it the figure sheet which is to be turned over, shall
always first travel over a loose revolving roller mounted on a ratchet or stop lever,

page_text: whereby the roller is pressed down and in this manner releases the previously held
sheet, which the flyer then carries with it to the opposite side where it slides over
a spring projection and engages between this latter and a pawl or stop pin.
As ineans for arresting the flyer any suitable stop devices may be employed, such
as for instance, two pins arranged opposite one another on a plate revolving on a
spindle, and engaging through the frame plate; which pins are alternately moved
forward and backward by means of a lever operated by a spring, with the object of
holding fast or releasing the flyer.
In one form of electric driving mechanism, a stopping device is superfluous,
because here an armature bevelled off on one side and operated by alternating
current, revolves each time to 180° on the circuit being closed, and remain stationary
until a reversal of the direction of current takes place, on which it is then again
moved 180° further in a continuous similar direction.
By the use of this flyer mechanism the return of the flyer after each turning
over or change of a figure sheet which was absolutely necessary in the previous
examples, is avoided.
In place of the above mentioned pins for automatically retaining or releasing the
sheets there may be employed levers or bolts operated from the switching mechanism
or from an electro-magnet. Separate retaining pins may be replaced by an edge
of a part cut out in the front case wall. The retaining pins, bolts and wedges inay
also engage the sheets at other places.
An arrangement of rotary armature may also be employed in which the switcher
or ratchet is replaced by two ratchet wheels of peculiar formation. The first of these
with a rotation of 90° moves the other wheel about 60°, this being effected by rollers
on the one wheel engaging in slots in the other wheel. The succeeding movements
of the remainder of the. mechanism resemble those before described with the
difference that the toothed segment is moved by means of a lever arm by pins on
one of said wheels. The hour mechanism is similarly arranged to the minute
mechanism as regards sheet drums and flyer. It is either operated from the minute
mechanism or from the central clock. In the. first case mechanically or electrically
by closing a local battery, or by the minute mechanism switching the magnet of
the hour mechanism into the circuit from the central clock, at a suitable time. The
hour mechanism may be adjusted from the central clock by means of special wires,
or, for instance, by the ordinary electro-magnet of the minute mechanism being
excited by a working current, but after the lapse of the full hour, further current
is transmitted which operates the magnets of the minute mechanism and the always
connected polarized electro-magnet of the hour mechanism.
In conclusion a description of a clock formed on the above system will be given.
The figure sheets are suspended in discs, the spindles of which are not moved
horizontally but vertically, and the lower pins rest cornerwise on plane discs, by
which means a freer movement of the figure sheets takes place. The latter lave
downwardly pointing projections on their lower outer ends, with which projections
the flyer, which at intervals springs up and down, engages. This mechanism which
describes an outer half circle after each minute or hour, as the case may be, is set
in movement by a switching or pawl mechanism operated by electro-magnets. This
pawl or switching device consists of a wheel mounted on a spindle, a pinion engaging
with said wheel, a pin disc attached to this pinion, a pawl or stop stud, a switching
device or escapeinent with a pawl, a cross piece, a connecting rod, toothed segment
and pinion mounted on the shaft of the flyer. Also a lever mounted on a spindle
and connected with the cross-piece by means of a lever arm and connecting rod and
provided with an adjustable weight, and finally a stop tooth and a catch or engagement
lever.
The starting takes place in the following way.
ordinary clock, an insulated roller mounted on
moves the cross piece to one side.
If contact be established from the
the crank of the electro-magnets
The weighted lever is raised, the stop tooth has released the front figure sheet,
the toothed segment is moved to the left, and thus the flyer by the connection of

page_text: the segment with the pinion is forced to move in a semi-circle to the right and then
stand behind the projection of the figure sheet on the right hand side. At this
moment, however, if the current from the normal clock be interrupted, that is to
say, if the whole switching device has become independent, the switch or escapement
is pushed by the weighted lever to the other side so that the pawl moves the pin
wheel to the left, and simultaneously by means of the pinion fixed on the same, turns
the wheel and the shaft with the figure sheets one tooth further to the left. By the
movement of the toothed "segment or half wheel the flyer is caused to go in the
opposite direction, and carry with it the figure sheet released by the stop tooth,
that is to say, it is brought from the right to the left, so that a new figure is
exhibited.
The releasing, or in other words the closing of the circuit of the hour mechanism
electro-magnets by the minute mechanism after the number 59 has been reached,
is effected by means of a contact spring by contact of the cross piece and an
insulated lever arranged on the upper frame plate by encountering a non-insulated
tooth mounted or fixed on the upper disc.
1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6 Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicants.
We JOSEPH PALLWEBER and ADOLF KOLBE, both of Zeil 67, Frankfort-on-the-Main,
in the Empire of Germany, Technologist and Merchant respectively, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The improved electric clock hereinafter described and which may be employed for
either the present 12 hour or the 24 hour time, is essentially characterised by a flyer
operated electrically or mechanically from a drum or drums carrying separate figure
sheets revoluble on vertical spindles and which engages in succession every minute
or every hour each sheet separately and turns it over about 180°, so that the new
number of minutes (or hours) appears as on both sides of an opened book standing
up vertically; the drums carrying the separate figure sheets being revolved
mechanically or directly or indirectly by means of an electro-magnet.
For the movement of the sheet carrying drums and also for the larger movement
of the flyer a pawl or shifting mechanism is necessary. Both mechanisms may be
mechanically independent of each other and be operated by one or more common
electro-magnets. They may also be suitably mechanically connected with one
another, for instance by cogwheel gearing, and one of them be electrically operated.
Further modifications may be made in the succession of the movements of the drum
and the flyer. First the flyer and then the drum may be moved or vice versa, or
both simultaneously. Further, the flyer may, when in its stationary position, lie on
the last turned over sheet (the tens) or on the one that is to be turned over next
(units side). The pawl mechanism may be operated directly or indirectly from the
magnet, for instance the armature of the electro-magnet on being attracted may
stretch a spring or raise a weight and on the return movement the spring or the
weight may act. Constant or alternating currents may be sent from a central clock,
either a working or stopping current being employed, or current increasing or
diminishing devices, either for a simultaneous movement of the two pawls or switching
mechanisms for drum and flyer or for movements separated by a period of time.

page_text: 3
Only a few of the many combinations resulting from the above will now be
described.
On the accompanying drawing,
Figure 1 is a plan view of the lower dise of the drum carrying the sheets and of
the electro-magnet for revolving said dise;
Figure 2, a front elevation of the sheets;
Figure 3, a detail view of a pawl engaging said sheets;
Higure 4 is a plan view of a modification of the dise shown in Figure 1;
Figure 5 is a further modification of the arrangement shown in Figure 1;
Figure 6 is a detail view of a pawl for operating the same;
Figure 7 is another detail view;
Figure 8 is a plan showing a modification;
Figures 9 and 10 are front elevation and plan respectively of a further
modification;
Figures 11 to 16 show other modifications of the invention.
The bottom disc or cheek P of the drum T carrying the sheets abc....kl mis
toothed (60 minutes 60 teeth) and an electro-magnet E revolves this drum one tooth,
by means of an armature A and pawl s on the current being closed from the central
clock; simultaneously a toothed sector R is moved on its axis o by the armature A
and the flyer G is thus operated by means of a pinion r gearing with said seator.
This flyer in its simplest form consists of a spring arm vertical to its spindle and has
at its end a pawl or wedge shaped projection p (Figure 3) adapted to engage under
the edge of a projection n on the sheet m (Figure 2) lying to the right as seen
from the front. Two pins x y are provided as stops for the sheets a m and I.
The mode of operation is as follows:-
In the position of repose (that is to say for about 59 seconds) the flyer rests on
the sheet which, when seen from the front, lies at the left (here a), which sheet is
held back by means of a pin y the armature being away from its magnet whilst the
sheet m lying to the right rests with its edge or projection behind another pin x.
If current be then passed through the magnet coils, the armature A is attracted by
the electro-magnet E, the dise Pand druin T with all the 60 sheets is turned one
tooth, that is to say, the distance of two vertical sheet-spindles and the sheet last
turned a and which lies tangential to the drum is adjusted to a certain extent
parallel to itself, so that its projection passes over the pin y. The sheet m to be
turned has a similar movement so that its projection goes to the left of its stop pin x
and another sheet / takes its place. The flyer goes from the sheet on the left to
the sheet m on the right and engages the projection of the latter, and when the
current is interrupted a spring F draws off the armature A which is pivotally mounted
in front of the magnet whilst the drum dise P is held stationary by a stop pawl s'.
The flyer operated from t'e armature by the toothed sector and pinion thus takes
the sheet m with it, and places it in front of the other pin y as it did previously
with the preceding sheet a; there appears then, as shown in Figure 2, a representation
of figures with the next number of minutes. In this arrangement, the drum is thus
moved first and then the flyer.
In another case, shown in Figure 4, the flyer G nay lie to the right when in a
position of repose, that is to say, on the sheet which is to be turned, and its pawl
may engage under the projection of the sheet m to be turned, the armature A being
on the S magnet pole (in this case alternating current operation is selected as an
example). If then, current be passed into the apparatus, the armature A, by the
induction of a solenoid E, becomes south polar and rests on the N pole of the magnet,
the flyer G passes from right to left with the sheet m and lays the same in front of
the preceding sheet a, which is still retained by the pin y on the alternation of
current the armature A moves again to the S pole, the drum is revolved one tooth,
another sheet moves to the left of the stop pin z, the turned sheet à passes over its
5 stop pin y, and the next sheet m engages between 'said pin y and another pin a
immediately in front of it, as shown for sheet a. The flyer G immediately returns
and rests in front of the next sheet as it did previously before the sheet m

page_text: engaging the same with its projection or pawl. In this case, therefore, the flyer
moves first and then the drum.
A third case, shown in Figure 5, consists in the simultaneous movement of flyer
and sheet drum.
In its position of repose, the flyer G rests in front of the sheet m to be turned,
engaging the edge or projection of the latter with its pawl, and said sheet m lies in
front of one stop pin z, the armature A being drawn off its magnet and the sheet a
last turned engaged by a pawl or spring catch i (Figures 5 and 6). If then the
electro-magnet E be excited, the armature A is attracted, the drum is revolved one
tooth, the projection of the sheet at last turned escapes from the pawl i because it is
pushed parallel to itself, the flyer G moves the sheet m from right to left and engages
it in the pawl i and the next sheet linserts itself between the two stop pins x and z
in front of , Figure 7. On the interruption of the current, the flyer moves
back, engages the next sheet and holds it immediately in front of the pin s.
this case the spindle of the flyer has preferably a somewhat inclined position no
longer parallel to the drum spindle, so as to allow in fact the flyer G to rise somewhat
to the right, in order that a pin t on the flyer may rest in the right hand position in
front of the sheet, which can then no longer fall down on the clock being inclined,
but on the other hand can return under the sheet in the left hand position where the
flyer G is somewhat deeper, Figure 7.
Another form of construction of the flyer and the device for turning over the
separate figure sheets consists in the flyer G (which turns the separate figure sheets
and which in the case of mechanical operation is driven by a spiral spring) being
arranged as a double armed lever G (Figures 11 to 16) eccentrically to the vertical
drum spindle b, which lever revolves on a spindle c' and carries on each side stop
pins a a directed upwards and downwards respectively. These pins are attached to
the double armed lever at such points that the upwardly directed pins al which carry
the figure sheet with them, on the rotation of the former, describe a circle of larger
diameter than the downwardly directed pins a² which serve to arrest the lever Gin
the case of mechanical driving of the clock-work after each rotation of 180°. Both
ends of this double lever or flyer G are bevelled off for a short extent of their width
in opposite directions as shown in cross section in solid black in Figure 16 in order
that the same end which is intended to carry with it the figure sheet which is to be
turned over, shall always first travel over a loose revolving roller mounted on a
latch or stop lever g' whereby the lever q' is pressed down and in this manner releases
the previously held sheet m, which the flyer G then carries with it to the opposite
side where it slides over a spring catch al and engages between this latter and pawl
or stop pin .
As means for arresting the flyer G, any suitable stop devices may be employed,
such for instance as those shown in Figures 11, 12 and 15, which consist of two
pins ff arranged opposite one another on a plate g' which oscillates on a spindle h³,
which pins engage through the frame plate and are alternately moved forward and
backward by means of a lever k¹ with an escapement action, so that the pins f¹ƒ³
engage and disengage the pin a² with the object of holding fast or releasing the
flyer G. Any suitable means maybe. employed for operating the lever
intermittently, or it may be operated by hand, a spring being provided to return it
always to a normal position.
In the form of electric driving mechanism shown in Figure 13, a stopping device
is superfluous, because an armature operated by alternating current in any
ordinary manner receives impulses to revolve each time to 180° on the circuit being
closed, and remains stationary until a reversal of the direction of current takes place,
on which it is then again moved 180" further in a similar direction.
This armature device may be of any ordinary known construction, such as the kind
in which the armature is cut away on one side parallel to its axis or mounted
eccentrically on its spindle c and receives constant polarity from one pole of a
permanent magnet in which it has its bearings, whilst the other pole of the
. permanent magnet is in connection with two arms carrying pole shoes which

page_text: embrace the armature, snid arms being arranged within solenoids so wound that on
current being passed into them the potential of one pole shoe is weakened and that
of the other strengthened, whereby the one sided or eccentric armature is attracted
to the stronger pole and held there until the current is reversed when the weaker
pole shoe becomes the stronger and in turn attracts and holds the armature and so
on producing an intermittent rotation of the armature by alternation of the current
in the solenoids.
By the use of this flyer meclianism the return of the flyer G after each turning
over or change of a figure sheet which was absolutely necessary in the previous
examples, is avoided.
In place of the above mentioned pins for automatically retaining or releasing the
sheets there may be employed lovers or bolts operated from the switching mechanism
or from an electro-magnet, as shown in Figures 9 and 10 hereinafter described.
Separate retaining pins, such as ze in Figures 1, 4 and 5, may be replaced by an edge
of a part cut out in the front case wall. The retaining pins, bolts and wedges may
also engage the sheets at other places.
An arrangement of rotary armature may also be employed, as shown in Figure 8,
in which the switcher or ratchet i, shown in Figures 9 and 10, is replaced by two
ratchet wheels A and B of peculiar formation. The first of these with a rotation of
900 moves the other wheel about 60°, this being effected by rollers c' on the one
wheel engaging in slots D in the other wheel B. The succeeding movements of the
remainder of the mechanism resemble those described for Figures 9 and 10 with the
difference that the toothed segment O is moved by means of a lever arm E by pins F
on one of said wheels.
The hour mochanism is similarly arranged to the minute mechanisin as regards
sheet drums and flyer. It is either operated from the minute mechanism or from
the central clock. In the first case mechanically or electrically by closing a local
battery, or by the minute mechanism switching the magnet of the hour mechanism
into the circuit from the central clock, at a suitable time. The hour mechanism
may be adjusted from the central clock by means of special wires, or, for instance,
by the ordinary electro-magnet of the minute mechanism being excited by a
working current, but after the lapse of the full hour, further current is transmitted
which operates the magnets of the minute mechanism and the always connected
polarised electro-magnet of the hour mechanism.
In conclusion, a description of a clock formned on the above system will be
given.
Figure 9 is a front view of the hour and minute arrangement and of the electro-
magnets arranged beneath;
Figure 10 is a plan view of the same.with the bridges only shown in dotted lines
in order to allow of a clearer inspection and with the figure sheets not all shown
except the two foremost.
The figure sheets a are suspended in discs b, the spindles b' of which are not
moved horizontally but vertically, and the lower pins rest endwise on plane dises c
by which means a freer movement of the figure sheets takes place. The latter have
downwardly pointing projections n on their lower outer ends, with which projections
the flyer G which at intervals springs up and down, engages. This mechanism G
which describes an outer half circle after each minute or hour, as the case may be, is
set in movement by a switching or pawl mechanism (Figure 10) operated by
electro-magnets m. This pawl or switching device consists of a wheel mounted on
a spindle b, a pinion g engaging with said wheel, a pin disc h attached to this
pinion, a pawl or stop lever h, a switching device or escapement i with a pawl k, a
cross piece, a connecting rod n, toothed segment o and pinion r mounted on the
shaft of the flyer G. Also a lever t mounted on a rock shaft s and connected with
the cross-piece by means of a lever arm g and connecting rod and provided with
an adjustable weight and finally a stop tooth and a catch or engagement
lever v.
The starting takes place in the following way:

page_text: If contact be established from the ordinary clock, the armature will be attracted
and turned with its spindle m2 and a crank arm m1 keyed on the armature
spindle m will be also turned as shown in dots in Fig. 10 and the cross piece will
thus be moved to one side by means of said crank m¹ which carries on its end an
insulated roller m³ engaging in a slot in said cross piece 12 and the position of the
ratchet mechanism will be as shown at the left hand side of Figures 9 and 10 the
roller m projecting through a slot in the frame plate.
With the above movement the weighted levert mounted on rock shaft 82 is raised
by said shaft s being turned by the link which connects the cross piece 12 to a
lever g fixed on said shaft; the stop tooth w mounted on the spindle s of said
lever releases the front figure sheet, the toothed segment o is moved to the left by
the link n, and thus the flyer G by the engagement of the segment o with the
pinion is forced to move in a semi-circle to the right and then stand behind the
projection n of the figure sheet on the right hand side. At this moment, however,
the current from the normal clock is interrupted, that is to say, the whole switching
device becomes independent of the electric current, and the cross piece together
with the armature and the switch or escapement i is pushed by the weighted lever t
to the other side so that the pawl k moves the pin wheel h to the left, and
simultaneously by means of the pinion g fixed on the same, turns the wheel and
the spindle 6 with the figure sheets one tooth further to the left. By this movement
of the toothed segment or half wheel o the flyer G is caused to go in the opposite
direction, and carry with it the figure sheet released by the stop tooth u, that is to
say, it is brought from the right to the left, so that a new figure is exhibited.
The actuating, or in other words the closing of the circuit of the hour mechanism
electro-magnets by the minute mechanism after the nuinber 59 has been reached, is
effected through a contact spring we and the cross piece by an insulated lever y
arranged on the upper frame plate encountering a non-insulated tooth mounted or
fixed on the upper disc b. The circuit is as follows: when the lever y encounters the
tooth the circuit is completed through y and a wire leading therefrom to one
terminal of the hour magnets me and through and the metallic parts of the
instrument to the cross piece l and thence through the contact spring w which is
touched momentarily by the swinging cross piece to another wire leading to the source
of current supply and to the other terminal of the hour magnets.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The improvement in clocks which consists in forming the indicating device of
a series of sheets or leaves bearing suitable indicating inscriptions or representations,
and providing means for turning over said sheets successively bookwise to exhibit the
progressive inscriptions substantially as bereinbefore set forth.
2. A clock having revolubly arranged about a vertical spindle a series of sheets or
leaves each provided with an inscription or representation and adapted to be caught
and turned over successively by a flyer (G) operated mechanically or electrically
which engages projections (n) on said sheets, the flyer for this purpose being formed
as an upward and downward springing arm provided at its end with a bevelled or
inclined projection and oscillating on a point of rotation lying outside the axis of the
drum, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
3. In a clock such as described, an arrangement for fixing and releasing the separate
sheets or leaves consisting of a stop tooth (u), which by means of a toothed
segment (o), link (a), movable crosspiece (2) link () and rock shaft (2) is held to
one side until the first sheet is turned over, when by the action of a counterweight (¹)
on a lever () fixed on said rock shaft it is returned to its initial position, substantially
as described.
4. In a clock such as described, an arrangement of fixing and releasing device for
the separate sheets or leaves characterised by catch pins (y) or suitable notches
in the case of the clockwork, substantially as described,

page_text: 5. In a clock having a series of sheets or leaves each carrying a suitable inscription
or representation and a flyer device operated mechanically or electrically adapted to
successively turn over said sheets, forming the flyer as a two-armed lever (G)
revoluble on an axis (c) lying outside the axis (b) of the drum carrying the sheets
and providing the ends of said lever with catch pins (al a²) and with a device for
releasing a latch or stop lever (q) so that the flyer (G) has a constant rotary instead
of an oscillatory moveinent substantially as described.
Dated this 14th day of April 1897
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicants.