IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR THE REMOVAL OF SLAG PROM BLAST FURNACES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Joy, of Middlesbrough, in the North
Riding of the County of York, Engineer, for the Invention of .
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR THE REMOVAL OF
SLAG PROM BLAST FURNACES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Joy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
January 1872.
I, DAVID JOY, of Middlesbrough, in the North Riding of the
County of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR THE
REMOVAL OF SLAG FROM BLAST FURNACES," to be as follows :—
My improvements consist in receiving the slag as it runs from the
furnace into recesses formed in the rim of a wheel or cylinder (either
outside, or inside, or on the edge thereof) in which it is carried through
a part of the revolution of such wheel or cylinder and then discharged

page_text: therefrom, the axis of revolution of such wheel or cylinder being either
horizontal or inclined in such wise that each part of the circumference
shall alternately be raised and lowered during the revolution.
And I make the recesses of such form and place them in such
position with regard to the centre of revolution that the slag may be i
retained in them during a considerable part of the revolution of the
wheel or cylinder.
And if necessary I form ridges or points in the bottoms of the
recesses to mould the slag in such form as to break easily in pieces.
The recesses also, at the point where they receive the melted slag, have 1
such inclination as to cause the material easily to flow over their
surfaces.
And I treat the slag during its passage through the machine with a
blast of cold air alone, or of combined air and water forming a cold
vapour; or I simply cool the recesses after they have discharged their
contents, leaving their cooled surfaces to solidify the slag.
And I actuate such machine by any of the known mechanical arrange-
ments, but I prefer to use hydraulic power, the waste water from which
I use to complete the cooling of the slag.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 2
filed by the said David Joy in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 20th July 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DAVID
Joy, of Middlesbrough, in the North Riding of the County of York,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said David Joy, Her special a
licence that I, the said David Joy, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said David Joy, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others;

page_text: from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR THE REMOVAL OF SLAG FROM BLAST FURNACES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said David Joy, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describo
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said David Joy, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying three Sheets of Drawings, that is
to say :-
My improvements consist in receiving the slag as it runs from the
furnace into recesses formed in the rim of a wheel or cylinder (either
outside, inside, or on the edge thereof), in which it is carried through a
part of the revolution of such wheel or cylinder and then discharged
therefrom, the axis of revolution of such wheel or cylinder being either
horizontal or inclined in such wise that each part of the circumference
shall alternately be raised and lowered during the revolution.
And I make the recesses of such form, and place them in such
position with regard to the centre of revolution, that the slag may be
retained in them during a considerable part of the revolution of the
wheel or cylinder.
And if necessary I form ridges or points in the bottoms of the
recesses to mould the slag in such form as to break easily in pieces.
The recesses also at the point where they receive the melted slag
have such inclination as to cause the material easily to flow over
their surfaces.
And I treat the slag during its passage through the machine with a
blast of cold air alone, or of combined air and water forming a cold
vapour; or I simply cool the recesses after they have discharged their
contents, leaving their cooled surfaces to solidify the slag.

page_text: And I actuate such machine by any of the known mechanical
arrangements, but I prefer to use hydraulic power, the waste water from
which I use to complete the cooling of the slag.
My Invention will be clearly understood by referring to the figures
and letters on the accompanying three Sheets of Drawings, which
illustrate various modifications thereof; the same letters apply in all the
Figures to similar parts.
A is the slag spout or runner bringing the slag from the furnace; B is
the body of the wheel carrying the recesses for receiving the slag;
C, C', are the recesses; and D is the spout or shoot for taking away
the disintegrated slag to the waggon or other store, ready to be carried
away.
In Sheet 1, Fig. 1, I show a section through the axis of revolution of
a wheel revolving in an inclined axis, Fig. 2, being a half face view of
the same seen in the line of the axis.
The wheel is formed of a central boss R from which radiate arms S, S,
carrying at their extremities plates T, T, joining them together and
thus forming a portion of a conc inside which are carried the
recesses C³, C¹. (These recesses may be made several together, or
cach separate.)
A is the slag spout from which the slag is represented running into
the recess C, which at or near the bottom of the wheel lies in a nearly
horizontal position and forms an angle of about 45° with the axis of
revolution; the recess has however sufficient inclination given (which
may be varied according to circumstances) to allow the slag running in!
at the one end to spread itself towards the other. In the course of the
revolution of the wheel each recess is brought thus under the run of the
slag, and is afterwards carried round to the upper side at C¹, when it
assumes, by its angle with the axis of revolution, a nearly vertical
position, and thus its burden of slag is tipped over, and falling between
the arms of the wheel at U is caught in the shoot D and slipped
forwards into the waggon or receptacle for storage. The surfaces of the
recesses on which the slag is received have formed in them ribs or
elevations, as shewn at v, v, to mould the slag so that it will casily
break up in falling over into the shoot D.
The machine is represented supported on a strong frame E to which
is attached a pair of hydraulic cylinders F set at right angles and driving

page_text: the crank G, and pinion H, and spur wheel I, and through it carrying
round the wheel supporting the recesss N is a pipe (delivering into
several other pipes P, P,) leading from the cold main of the blast, or
otherwise supplied with cold air. Into this pipe is also introduced
a modicum of water, the relative amount of air and water being
regulated by cocks or valves. These pipes P, P, thus deliver upon
the slag at suitable positions a blast of cold vapour or spray to cool
and solidify it.
The water also which is used for imparting motion to the engine
driving the wheel, may be afterwards conducted by the pipe M into the
slag spout D to assist in cooling the slag, or a part of it may be passed
over the wheel itself either to cool the slag while in the wheel or to cool
the wheel after it has delivered the slag. By this plan the slag is
received at a point a little lower than the mouth of the ordinary slag
spout coming from the furnace, and is raised by the revolution of
the wheel and delivered at a convenient elevation to be shot. into
waggons.
In Sheet No. 2, Fig. 1, I show section, through the axis of revolution,
of a cylinder with its centre of revolution horizontal and receiving the
slag within its circumference, as shown; Fig. 2, Shcet 2, is a face view
of the same wheel partly in section.
The recesses may either be cast in the rim of the cylinder or wheel, as
in Fig. 2, or they may be made individually and held in position by an
outer ring, as shown in Fig. 3, Sheet 2, or they may be made each of
several pieces and held together by bolts. In this Figure also the
recesses are shown of such form as to be suitable for receiving the slag
at an carlier period in the revolution, and also turning it over in its
progress round, and so more effectually cooling it.
In Sheet No. 3, Fig. 1, I show a wheel revolving in an horizontal axis
but receiving the slag in recesses formed in its outer surface.
To obtain surface sufficient for cooling the slag in this as well as in
the other arrangements, I give an inclination to the recesses as shewn,
or I make the periphery of the wheel, as shown in the Figure 2, Sheet 3,
of a double conical form for receiving the slag in the centre, from which
it spreads each way.
Having now set forth the nature of my said Invention and the
manner in which it is to be carried out, I desire it to be understood, that

page_text: I do not confine myself to the exact details or material described or
shown, or to any method of actuating my improved apparatus for
removing slag, constructed as above described; but I claim the use as
herein described of a wheel, cylinder, or ring, having recesses formed
in its circumference as shown, such wheel, cylinder, or ring, revolving
in either a horizontal or inclined axis and receiving in the recesses
the slag or refuse from blast furnaces, carrying it through a part of
a revolution, thus cooling it and then delivering it into suitable waggons
or receivers.
I also claim in connection with my said improved apparatus the
means of cooling the slag and the machine by á blast of cold air
alone, or by a blast of air into which sufficient moisture is introduced
to render the blast a vapour or spray applied as herein-before
described.
Also I claim the use of the ribs or elevations formed in the bottom of
the recesses for the purpose of moulding the slag in a form in which it
will easily break up, applied as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Joy, have hereunto set my
.
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of July, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-two.
DAVID JOY. (L.S.)
DAVID JOY. (L.S.)