Improvements in Elastic Tyres and Rims for Velocipede and other Wheels.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 30th June, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 30th March, 1897-Accepted, 30th June, 1897
Date of Application, 30th June, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 30th March, 1897-Accepted, 30th June, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Elastic Tyres and Rims for Velocipede and other
Wheels.
JOHN NUGENT COSBEY Shamrock Lodge Sunbury Common Middlesex gentleman
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
To produce improved rims and tyres for velocipede and other wheels combining
great elasticity-resiliency-lightness and strength, in fact having all the advantages
claimed for the pneumatic tyre without its drawbacks in liability to break downs from
puncturing, bursting, etc., etc.
The novelty of construction consists first in the rim of the wheel being secured and
connected to another outer rim made of flexible steel (or other material) by a band of
same material the same width as the rims, this middle band being placed between
the two rims in a semi-circular form, as shown in Fig. 1. At the points a and b top
and bottom where the connection to each is formed by riveting together.
Here before riveting I insert an indiarubber pad or washer as shown at points c
(Fig. 1). The advantage of these pads is not only to increase the break power, but
also to prevent the clicking which would occur when in use from the steel bands
striking each other, now it will be at once seen that thus in a most simple manner a
spring buffer or break tyre is produced suitable for velocipede and other vehicles
when lightness and speed are most wanted, but for heavier work I greatly strengthen
the tyre in every way by inserting another series of breaks having quite an inde-
pendant action fixed as shown in Fig. 2 at points a these can be made of steel, india
rubber, india rubber and cork blended, or other materials. Fig. 3 represents one,
the upper portion a being made of strong flexible steel or other metal forming a
good spring or buffer, this is screwed on to the stem 6 the bottom of which is screwed
securely into the lower or inside rim in such a manner so as to bring the upper
portion of the spring a close up under an india rubber pad attached to the lower
part of the outer flexible rim as seen at points b Fig. 2. these india rubber pads here
again giving increase of break power as well as prevention from clicking.
represents a break or buffer of india rubber which can be used in lieu of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 represents another where the base can be made of cork and the upper
portion b of india rubber, now either of these can be used for the same purpose which
is to ensure as shown in Fig. 2 a double break power from two independant sets of
springs or buffers, each conducing to the resiliency and strength of the tyre and thus
should there by any chance be a break down on the part of one set of springs the
other set would be sufficient to keep the wheels going, but what tends to greatly
lessen the possibility of a break down of either one or the other is the fixing on the
outside of the outer elastic rim a succession of india rubber pads as shown at points c
in Fig. 2 and at points b in Fig. 6, these pads are placed as seen on portions of the
rim where there is the minimum of pressure felt from the buffers or breaks inside,
and thus when the tyre covering is firmly secured over tyre these pads will greatly
break the force from falling on the inner buffers or breaks when travelling over rough
roads.
Fig. 4
I have before shown that the alternate flexible band system as seen in Fig. 1 forms
in itself a good buffer or spring tyre for light work, the second system of breaks or
buffers as shown in Fig 2 and described herein also makes a good break tyre for light
work without the help of the former by simply having the buffers or springs as seen in

page_text: Fig. 3 Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 secured to a portion of the rim of wheel where the spokes do
not enter on the other side as in Fig. 6 the said springs being fixed on screw stems
through the rim and by placing on other side of rim a twist or thumb screw attached,
see point A Fig. 6, they can then be raised or lowered at discretion and if necessary
to ensure still greater lightness for racing with an ordinary india rubber tyre covering
the second or outer steel rim could be dispensed with as with pressure from thumb
screws, the outer tyre covering can be tightened to any extent.
The india rubber covering for tyre can be made with any thickness on outer rim and
as punctures at the sides cannot effectually injure the tyre it is not necessary to have
it of uniform thickness. As the rim of the wheel will usually be flat, it will be
made in the following novel manner so as to secure the covering of the tyre. at the
back, this is done by having the edges of the rim turned back as it were underneath
as shown at points a in Fig. 7 and next by having both edges of the cover of
tyre made firm for about a quarter of an inch deep with thin beaten metal similar to
the tag of a boot lace, these metal edges when once inserted at points a on each side
secure the tyre covering in a most simple and effective manner as shown in Fig. 8.
The whole tyre can still be greatly increased in strength (when necessary) by plac-
ing another flexible band of steel (or other material) outside the india rubber pads
c as shown in Fig 2 at points a-thus this band would come between the said pads or
buffers and the rim or tyre covering.
In conclusion I beg to say I do not bind myself to the use of any particular
material size or shape, but I claim I have described and shown how a new rim and
tyre for wheels can be made and produced which is quite original in conception and
construction and I think in every way an improvement in strength and real utility
to anything ever before introduced."
I NUGENT COSREY
Improvements in Elastic Tyres and Rims for Velocipede and other
Wheels.
JOHN NUGENT COSBEY Shamrock Lodge Sunbury Common Middlesex gentleman,
.do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment:-
To produce an improved rim and tyre for velocipede and other wheels combining
great elasticity resiliency lightness and strength, in fact having all the advantages
claimed for the pneumatic tyre without its drawbacks in liability to breakdowns from
puncturing bursting, etc. etc.
The novelty of construction consists first in the arrangement of a series of springs
of varied shape and form between the rim of the wheel and an outer flexible band of
steel or other material, having pads or cushions of india rubber, cork, or other
material through which these springs are rivited and secured at top and bottom see
.Sheet 1, Fig. 1, 2 & 3, here it will be seen that though all the springs are different
each works on the same principle-the springs marked a being riveted and secured
through the pads b to the rim of wheel c & the outer flexible band d. It will be at
once seen that the advantage of these pads or cushions not only prevents clicking but
acts as a great break power in the dispersion of force &c.—and thus a spring buffer
or break tyre can be produced for velocipede and other wheels to any strength that
may be required, but if it is necessary to gain more break power, this can be done by
having a second flexible band of steel-or other material-placed outside as shown in
sheet 1, Figs. 1, 2 & 3 at points e, the two outer elastic bands d and e being secured
together by rivets through pads or cushions f, and when the whole is securely covered

page_text: by the tyre covering, the break power elasticity and resliency will exist to a still
greater extent, the steel springs inside being now so protected by the dispersion of
force through the cushions or pads that only under extraordinary circumstances could
they be broken or injured, but I can still greatly strengthen the tyre in every way by
the insertion and addition of another series of breaks or buffers having quite an
independant action, these can be made of steel rubber cork or other materials, see
sheet 2. Fig. 1 represents one made of steel or other flexible material-Fig. 2 one
made of India rubber. Fig. 3, one with the base (a) made of cork, and upper (b)
made of rubber, these can be easily fixed in the tyres at points (9) see sheet 1.
Fig. 1, 2 & 3 standing at right angles to the other series of springs holding the outer
flexible band or rim securely up strengthening it almost like the (ribs to the) bottom
of a ship, and thus you have a double break power, one working quite independant
of the other each conducting to the resliency and strength of the tyre, and should
there be by any chance a break down from one or the other, one alone would be
sufficient to keep the wheels in working order. For light work tyres made without
the introduction of springs inside, but simply having the pads or cushions as de-
scribed with two or more flexible bands of steel or other material would be most use-
ful and cost less trouble and expense in construction see sheet 2, Fig. 4. From the
tyre covering having to be secured on the outside of the rim instead of as usual in
the inside, I propose making the rim of the tyre in the following novel manner-
for a flat rim of a wheel-as shown on sheet 2 Fig. 5-it is seen that the edges of
the rim are turned back as it were underneath at points (a), and the edge again
returned in at point b forming as it were a long loop, again where the rim is semi-
circular in shape as shown in sheet 2 Fig. 6, the edges of rim are returned on the
same principle at points a and b, and both secure the same advantages which are as
follows, first there is no raw edge of rim to cut the tyre covering when secured,
secondly by making the orifice where the edge of tyre cover is inserted at points c,
smaller than on the inside, it fits in every. way closer and better to the edges of the
tyre covering. In order that the tyre covering may fit closely and securely and yet
most easily to the rim of tyre as described, the edges of the tyre covering are first
made firm for a quarter of an inch or more, by having a thin layer of beaten métal
like the tag of a boot lace or by having a thin band of elastic steel fixed on each
side, thus the edges of tyre covering would be both firm and flexible-the edges are
then covered with a solution of soft rubber-or other material-as shown in sheet 2,..
Fig. 7 and thus with the slightest pressure the edges of the tyre covering can be
inserted and secured to the rim on each side. When once the tyre covering is
properly secured to the rim of the wheel, it will fit so close and tightly that
without the introduction of springs pads etc. the rim and covering would together
make a perfect tubeless pneumatic tyre as the more it is inflated the less possi-
bility there is of the escape of any air.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not
bind myself to the use of any particular material shape or form, but I claim
1st, the introduction of springs into the tyres for velocepede and other wheels pro-
5tected by break power through pads or cushions as I have described herein, 2ndly
I claim that the rims of tyres for the same as I have described are also new and
original, 3rdly the edges of the tyre coverings made to fit the said rims are also
constructed in a new and original manner.
JOHN NUGENT COSDET.