Improvements in Liquid Meters.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 6th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 14th Dec., 195
PROVISIONAT D
Improvements in Liquid Meters.
We, EMILE PACCAUD of Lausanne, Director of the Cantonal Bank and
RÉDÉRIC DE COPPET of Villa Rosa Mont Lausanne, Engineer, both of the
Republic of Switzerland, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
ollows :-
The invention consists of an improved liquid meter essentially composed of a
lifferential piston disposed in a suitable cylinder and being acted upon and
raversed by the liquid to be measured.
The invention further consists in certain parts and combination of parts which
will be hereinafter described.
The improved meter comprises two superposed cylindrical portions the diameter
of which may differ more or less but we prefer to make the diameter of the upper
cylinder twice that of the lower cylinder.
In the said cylinders we arrange pistons which may be made of metal or other
suitable material and formed in one piece or formed of two pieces screwed or
otherwise connected together, one piston fitting in the, upper cylinder and the other
piston fitting in the lower cylinder. The pistons are connected with one another by
means of a tubular rod or connection projecting beneath the lower surface of the
lower piston and having its lower portion provided with a bottom-wall and with
lateral openings. The said tubular connection is moreover provided with lateral
openings. situated between the pistons.
In the said tubular connection of the pistons we provide a tubular slide or slide-
valve which is intended to alternately open or close the said lateral openings
according as the said slide-valve is axially slid in the tubular connection of the pistons
or as said tubular connection slides along the said side-valve. The stroke of the
said slide-valve in the tubular. connection of the pistons is limited on the one hand
by the bottom-wall of the latter and on the other hand by a sleeve engaged in and
fixed to the upper part of the said tubular connection.
The slide-valve is fixed to a rod the upper part of which is provided with rack-
teeth which may either be made to project on two sides of a rectangular portion of
the rod, or which may be made to project circularly around a cylindrical portion
of said rod or in any other suitable manner whatever. In the box arranged above
the upper cylinder we provide a bracket to the lower end of which are pivoted two
gear-wheels each of which mesh with the rack-teeth of the rod on opposite sides of
the latter. The axis of each of the gear wheels carries a crank connected:bý
means of a forked. lever to a spiral spring fixed to the upper end of the bracket.
The lower cylinder is provided at its lower end with an inlet through which the
liquid to be measured.is introduced into the apparatus, and the upper cylinder is
provided at its lower end with an outlet through which the liquid which has been
measured escapes.
In a modified construction of the gears intended to transmit to the crank's the
up and down motions of the rack instead of haying the cranks directly fixed upon
the axis of the wheels. the same cranks are fixed upon the axis of a pinion gearing
in the teeth of wheel.
The operation of the above described apparatus is as follows:
1 liamid under pressure is introduced into the apparatus through the inlet, the

page_text: said liquid will first fill the lower cylinder up to the piston and then penetrate
through the openings into the tubular connection of the pistons and then into the
upper cylinder and box over the upper piston.
The said piston being of larger diameter than the lower piston the pressure of
the liquid will operate more efficiently upon the said upper piston than on the
lower piston and both pistons will be pressed down.
down-stroke
the double piston the lower end of the sleeve will strike the slide-valve and move
it down in the same direction. The rack being fixed to the slide-valve it is also
moved downward and this causes the gear-wheels to be rotated in opposite directions
and as this rotation is imparted to the cranks the result of the downward motion of
the rod will be to extend the springs.
The described parts are constructed and combined so that the cranks will arrive
at the lower dead point, that is to say, in their lowest position in which their pins
are in line, both with the axis of the crank and with the point where the spring is
suspended, somewhat before the double piston reaches the end of its down-stroke.
Now, as soon as the cranks pass the said lower dead point the springs which have
been extended as described, cause the cranks to be suddenly rotated to their upper
dead point and thereby causes the wheels to suddenly throw the slide-valve down-
ward aud to close the lower openings of the tubular connection of the pistons
opening at same time the upper openings of the same.
The above described downward motion of the piston causes a larger volume of
liquid than the volume which is drawn in by the smaller piston to flow back and
the difference between those two volumes escapes through the outlet.
When the double piston arrives at the end of its down-stroke as described the lower
openings are closed and the liquid under pressure acts upon the lower piston only
and causes the same to be raised and the bottom of the tubular portion withdraws
the slide-valve with it in its upward motion. The rack thereby causes the wheels
to be rotated in the inverse direction and the springs are again extended by the
cranks until the pins of the latter reach their lower dead point. Then the same
effect is produced as above described, but in the inverse direction and the slide-
valve is suddenly raised so as to again uncover the lower opening and close the
upper opening. The length of the slide-valve is equal to the distance between
the lower edges of the upper opening and the upper edges of the lower opening and
therefore, during a short space of time, which depends upon the rapidity of the
action of the springs, the liquid is free to pass through both the openings and
the outlet, the piston therefore stops for a moment; this function has the result of
avoiding the ram-stroke which would otherwise occur and it is very easy to exactly
record the volume of the liquid passing the apparatus by each stroke inclusive of
the small volume passing the same whilst the double piston is stopped. After this
very short stopping of both the double piston and the slide valve, the double-piston
is alone raised to the top as above described.
We may provide any suitable recording device in which the volume of liquid
passing through the apparatus is exactly indicated on a dial or scale of any kind.
The said recording-device may be moved or acted upon in any suitable manner by
the wheels or by the rack or by any other movable part of the apparatus.
The said recording-device may either be placed in the box or arranged externally
of the same.
In the first case part of the walls of the same box must be made of
glass and in the second case the said box must be provided with a suitable stuffing-
box with the view of connecting one of the moving parts of the described apparatus
with the said recording device.
Dated this 22nd day of March 1895

page_text: Improvements in Liquid Meters.
We, EMILE PACCAUD of Lausanne, Director of the Cantonal Bank and
RÉDÉRIC DE COPPET of Villa Rosa Mont Lausanne Engineer both in the
Republic of Switzerland, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
scertained in and by the following statement:-
The invention consists of an improved liquid meter essentially composed of a
lifferential piston disposed in a suitable cylinder and being acted upon and
traversed by the liquid to be measured.
The invention further consists in certain parts and combination of parts which
will be hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawing, in
which
Figure 1 is an axial section of a liquid meter of our improved construction.
Figure 2 shows two different forms of the rack.
of Figure 1 showing the forked piece
Figure 3 is a cross-section on the line <
which connects the spring to the cranks rocked into its horizontal position with the
object of better showing the said connection.
Figure 4 is a part sectional view showing the slide-valve in a different position
to that shown in Figure 1.
Figure 5 is a cross-section on line m n of Figure 4.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures of the
drawing.
The improved meter comprises two superposed cylindrical portions A and A'
the diameters of which may differ more or less but we prefer to make the diameter
of the cylinder A twice that of the cylinder A¹.
In the said cylinders A A¹ we arrange pistons B B₁ which may be made of metal
or other suitable material and formed in one piece or formed of two pieces screwed
or otherwise connected together, the piston B fitting in the cylinder A and the
The pistons B and B¹
piston B¹ fitting in the cylinder A¹ as shown in Figure 1.
are connected with one another by means of a tubular rod or connection projecting
beneath the lower surface of the piston B'and having its lower portion K provided
with a bottom-wall and with lateral openings 62 62. The said tubular connection
thie
moreover provided with lateral openings 61 61 situated between
pistons B and B¹.
is
In the said tubular connection of the pistons B and B¹ we provide a tubular
slide or slide-valve C which is intended to alternately open or close the said lateral
openings 62 according as the said slide-valve is axially slid in the tubular
connection of the pistons B and B or said tubular connection slides along the
said slide-valve C. The stroke of the said slide-valve C in the tubular connection
of the pistons B and B is limited on the one hand by the bottom-wall of the latter
and on the other hand by a sleeve C¹ engaged in and fixed to the upper part of the
said tubular connection.
The slide-valve C is fixed to a rod D the upper part of which is provided with
rack-teeth which may either be made to project on two sides of a rectangular
portion of the rod D, as shown in Figure 1 and in the left portion of Figure 2 or
5 which may be made to project circularly around a cylindrical portion of said rod D
In the
as shown in the right portion of Figure 2 or in any other suitable manner.
box M arranged above the cylinder A we provide a bracket S to the lower end of
which are pivoted two gear-wheels E each of which mesh with the rack-teeth
of the rod D on opposite sides of the latter as shown in Figure 1. The axes of the
0 gear wheels E are provided with cranks e e' connected by means of a forked

page_text: bracket S.
get a spiral spring axed at to the upper end of the
The cylinder A' is provided at its lower end with an inlet X through which
the liquid to be measured is introduced into the apparatus, and the cylinder A is
provided at its lower end with an outlet Y through which the liquid which has
been measured escapes.
Figure 6 shows a modified construction of the gears intended to transmit to the
cranks eel the up-and-down motions of the rack D instead of having the cranks eel
directly fixed upon the axis of the wheels E the said cranks are fixed upon the
axis of a pinion gearing in the teeth of wheel E.
مع
The operation of the above described apparatus is as follows:
If parts are in their respective positions as shown in Figure 1 and a liquid under
pressure is introduced into the apparatus through the inlet X, the said liquid will
first fill the cylinder A¹ up to the piston B and then pass through the openings b
into the tubular connection of the pistons B B₁ and then into the cylinder A
and box M over the piston B.
The said piston B being of larger diameter than the piston B₁ the pressure of
the liquid will operate more efficiently upon the said piston B than on the piston B
and both pistons will be pressed down in the direction of the arrow I, of Figure 1.
In this down-stroke of the double piston B B the lower end of the sleeve C will
strike the slide-valve C and move it down in the same direction. The rack D
being fixed to the slide-valve C it is also moved downward and this causes the
gear wheels E to be rotated in opposite directions as shown by the arrows 2 and
as this rotation is imparted to the cranks e the result of the downward motion of
the rod D will be to extend the springs F.
The above described parts are constructed and combined so that the cranks e e
will arrive at the lower dead point, that is to say, in their lowest position in which
their pins are in line, both with the axis of the crank eel and with the point where
the spring F is suspended, somewhat before the double piston B B' reaches the end
of its down-stroke.
Now, as soon as the cranks e e¹ pass the said lower dead point the springs F,
which have been extended as described, cause the cranks to be suddenly rotated to
their upper dead point thereby causing the wheels E to suddenly throw the slide-
valve C downward and to close the openings 6 of the tubular connection of the
pistons B B, uncovering at same time the openings 61 of the same.
The above described downward motion of the piston B causes a larger volume of
liquid than the volume which is drawn in by the smaller piston B₁ to flow back,
and the difference between those two volumes escapes through the outlet Y.
When the double piston arrives at the end of its down-stroke as described the
openings are closed and the liquid under pressure acts upon the piston B' only
and causes the same to be raised and the bottom of the tubular portion K with-
draws the slide-valve C with it in its upward motion. The rack D thereby causes
the wheels E to be rotated in the inverse direction to the arrows 2 and the springs F
are again extended by the cranks e e¹ until the pins of the latter reach their lower
dead point. Then the same effect is produced as above described, but in the
inverse direction and the slide-valve C is suddenly raised so as to again uncover
the opening 62 and close the opening b. The length of the slide valve C is equal
to the distance between the lower edge of the opening and the upper edges of
the opening 62 (Figure 4) and therefore, during a short space of time, which
depends upon the rapidity of the action of the springs F, the liquid is free to pass
through the openings 66 and Y, the piston B B₁ therefore stops for a moment;
this function has the result of avoiding the ram-stroke which would otherwise
occur and it is very easy to exactly record the volume of the liquid passing the
apparatus by each stroke inclusive of the small volume passing the same whilst
the double piston is stopped. After this very short stopping of both the double
piston and the slide-valve C, the double piston is alone raised to the top as above
described.

page_text: We may provide any suitable recording device in which the volume of
passing through the apparatus is exactly indicated on a dial or scale of any kind.
The said recording-device may be moved or acted upon in any suitable manner by
the wheels E or by the rack D or by any other movable part of the apparatus.
The said recording-device may either be placed in the box M or arranged
externally of the same. In the first case part of the walls of the said box M
must be made of glass and in the second case the said box M must be provided
with a suitable stuffing-box with the view of connecting one of the moving parts
of the described apparatus with the said recording device.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. An improved liquid meter essentially composed of two superposed cylinders
of different diameters, the smaller one having an inlet-tube and the larger one an
outlet-tube for the liquid which is to be measured, a double piston each part of
which is adapted to work in one of the said cylinders, a tubular connection of the
said two parts of the double-piston, the said tubular connection having openings
connecting the inner of the same with the space between the two pistons and
openings connecting the said inner portion with the space beneath the smaller
piston, a slide-valve adapted to work in the said tubular connection of the double
piston so as to alternately open and close the one or the other of the said openings,
a rack of any kind connected to the said slide-valve and acting upon by means
of any suitable gearing one or more cranks connected to one or more springs which
tend to raise the slide-valve and which are stretched by the down-motion of the
said slide-valve substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose specified.
2. In liquid-meters a double piston B B¹ having openings 62 and a sleeve C¹
in combination with a slide-valve C connected to a rack D of any suitable kind,
adapted to act upon, by means of suitable gears, cranks e e¹ connected to springs F
substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose specified.
تيم
1. of November 1895.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
15 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.