IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING MILK CANS FOR THE CARRYING OF MILK BY RAILWAY & OTHER MODES OF TRANSIT
Year: 1887

page_text: WALTER SAMUEL LLEWELLYN of Collingdon Road Cardiff Iron and Tin Plate
Worker and CHARLES SIMMONS of John Street Cardiff Ironfounder do hereby declare
the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING MILK CANS FOR THE
CARRYING OF MILK BY RAILWAY & OTHER MODES OF TRANSIT to be as follows:-
By the use of India Rubber to act as a tyre or base on which the can rests or is
rolled when being moved thus obviating the use of heavy iron bands and solder for
fastening.
Also by the use of wood felloes grooved to receive the India Rubber tyre with
Metallic Spokes.
Also by the use of India Rubber as a bearing in the top of Milk Can commonly
called bell mouth to receive the lid or cover thereby forming a dust proof and water
tight joint.
Also an improved method of attaching the figures for marking the quantities of
Milk contained in the Vessels or Cans.
This invention consists of an improved method of constructing vessels or utensils
for carrying Milk hereinafter called Milk Cans by the use of India Rubber as a base
or bearing on which the Milk Can stands and at or near the top of can where the cover
rests.
The Milk Can consists of a Vessel made of Metal of Conical form having a certain
proportion of the length or height from the base upwards parallel or of equal diameter
that is to say the lower portion named is made independently of the body of the can
but attached thereto by having a flange turned outwards which exactly corresponds
with a similar flange turning outwards from the main conical body which flanges are
finally joined by soldering.
The base or parallel portion of the Can fits into a loose bottom constructed as follows.
A band of metal similar to that used in body of Can is made to an exact size or
diameter of outside hase before mentioned so as to fit tightly having its upper edge
strengthened by turning over and enclosing a wire, the lower portion of this band
encloses a series of wood segments or felloes jointed together attached thereto by
means of screws or bolts. In the under side or lower portion of the felloes a circular
TD 077

page_text: groove is formed into which is inserted an india rubber ring or tyre, this band and
rubber tyre is intended to obviate the use of a heavy iron hoop and the use of solder
in fastening same to body of Can.
This loose or movable band and tyre fits around the parallel base of Can before
mentioned and is fixed or attached thereto by means either of spring clips or catches
or metallic brackets which latter are attached to the under circumference of the
felloes and having a hole in its upper flange through which passes a screw or spindlo
standing downwards from bottom of Can fixed thereto by solder or rivets the two
being drawn together by means of a nut.
This movable band or loose bottom is further strengthened by the use of metallic
spokes passing through the movable band and felloes being secured at one end by
a head the other having a thread which is screwed into a circular ring or boss
made of metal.
The Milk Can is constructed with what is commonly called a bell mouth having an
internal flange running round it and upon this flange is fixed an india rubber
ring or washer as before mentioned on which the cover or lid rests thereby
forming a watertight joint being firmly held thereon by means of spring clips or
catches.
The lid or cover of Milk Can is constructed of two circular plates of Metal which
are hollowed outwards in opposite directions being joined together at their edges by
means of soldering the lower plate having a number of small perforations for
ventilation the upper plate being provided with a metallic dome or knob also
perforated.
The Milk Cans are constructed to hold certain quantities of Milk which are
indicated inside by means of figures attached at right angles to the side therefore being
in the same plane as the surface of the Milk.
The advantages claimed for this Invention are saving of material and weight,
greater strength and durability, economy in construction and repairing and the
absence of noise in rolling.
Datad this 54th me of Ontal 1007

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Milk Cans.
We, WALTER SAMUEL LLEWELLYN of Collingdon Road, Cardiff, Iron and Tin
Plate Worker, and CHARLES SIMMONS of John Street, Cardiff, Ironfounder, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to a novel construction of milk can, for the transport of milk
by railways, and other modes of transit. In its outward configuration, our improved
milk can resembles generally those of the ordinary construction, but, without
impairing its strength, we not only make it lighter, but render it less liable to injury
from rough usage.
In the accompanying drawings, Figs. 1, 2, and 3 shew, in perspective views, our
improved milk can composed of three separate parts, which are represented as
detached, the one from the other, A being the body of the can, B the base, and C
the lid.
The body of the can is made, as usual, of a tapering form, expanding at its
smallest diameter into a bell mouth a. The bottom part a' of the can is made
cylindrical to fit the base B, which is made fast thereto, as will be presently
explained. The detachable cover C is formed with a pierced dome c, as usual, and
may be secured in place either by snap catches or by any approved equivalent
fastening that admits of its ready detachment from the can body.
Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the can body A with the base B fitted in place, and
Fig. 5 is a cross section of the lid detached.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged section of the lower part of the can body, illustrating more
clearly the mode of constructing it.
The conical or taper portion of the body of the can terminates in a flange a², and
the cylindrical wall of the bottom a¹ terminates also in a flange. These flanges we
connect together by soldering, and strengthen the joint by lapping one flange over
the other, as illustrated at Fig. 6. Thus, stiffness is imparted to the lower part of the
can, which is liable to rough usage.
Secured to the bottom of the can by solder or rivets, are screw bolts, a³, for
securing in place, as will be presently explained, the base B. This base B is
composed of a hoop of sheet metal similar to that used in constructing the body of
the can, and made to fit snugly the cylindrical portion of the can. Within this
hoop, and projecting below its lower edge, we fit a ring of vulcanized rubber b,
which is moulded with flanges to facilitate its attaclunent. This ring we secure in
place by a felloe, or segment pieces of wood, grooved to fit closely against the inner
side of the rubber ring; and the lower edge of the hoop B we turn inwards to grip
he outer flange of the rubber ring. The felloe, or segment pieces, we make fast to
he metal hoop by means of screws or nails b', which enter the wood from outside the

page_text: hoop. Attached to the felloc or segment pieces, are inetal angle pieces, or brackets 62,
which are pierced with holes in their horizontal face to receive the screw bolts a³,
projecting from the bottom of the can. By applying nuts to these screws when the
base is in place, as shown at Fig. 4, the parts will be firmly connected together.
From the foregoing explanation it will be seen that, instead of attaching to the
milk can a strengthening ring of cast or wrought iron, as is usual, for enabling it
to withstand the rough usage to which milk cans are exposed from railway servants
and others, a light flexible foot is provided, which will enable the can to be rolled
noiselessly over the ground, and will neutralize the blows to which milk cans are
subjected in transference from one level to another.
When it is required to make a tight liquid joint between the lid and the can body,
we fit to the lip of the lid a washer of vulcanized rubber, as shown at c', Fig. 5.-
c2 c², Fig. 4, are snap catches for holding the cover in place, such catches yielding to
allow of the removal of the cover.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :--
The construction of milk can as above described, whereby, without impairing its
strength, comparative lightness, increased durability, and noiselessness in handling,
are secured.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.