Improvements in the Shedding, Change-box, and Picking Motions of Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Nov., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 6th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Shedding, Change-box, and Picking Motions of
Looms for Weaving.
We, GEORGE RICHARDSON of Low Mills, Kendal, in the County of
Westmoreland, Woollen Manufacturer, and WILLIAM BROWN RICHARDSON
of 33 Victoria Street, Blackpool in the County of Lancaster, Surgeon, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improved apparatus or devices for actuating in a simple
and efficient manner, the shedding, the change-box, and the picking motions of
looms or any one or two of such motions.
According to this invention each of the motions is actuated and controlled
through and by means of a pair of reciprocating elements, one of which is the
driver, and the other the driven. The driving element may consist of a slide, lever,
segment or the like, and the driven, of a lever pulley, bell crank lever or the like.
The driving element carries a stud projection or bowl capable of engagement with a
space or recess in the driven element, the outer ends of the walls of the recess or
space being formed to plane surfaces in such a manner that when the stud bowl or
projection is moved to the right or to the left, the driven element will be moved by
it in the same direction. At the end of the stroke, the stud bowl or projection
comes in contact with one of the plane surfaces, and so long as it is in contact with
this surface, the driven element is locked.
Connected with each driving element there is a hooked bar which is capable of
being lifted or lowered by known devices, such as a pattern chain, tappets, a
Jacquard machine, or the like, so that when lifted or lowered it may be disengaged
or engaged by a reciprocating catch or catches operated by or from the loom shaft
and suitably timed. The hooked bar may be of any suitable construction if it be
provided with the necessary means for engagement with the catch or catches both
in the forward and backward strokes.
The reciprocating catch carrier or carriers may be arranged to be thrown
out of gear with the hooked bar by suitable devices at the end of any stroke if
required.
As a special means for raising and lowering the hook-bar, I may employ a lifting
lever which has a projection at one end capable of being engaged and operated by
the holes in any row of holes in the pattern card cylinder according to its position,
which is governed by the position of a second lever pinned at its opposite end and
having a projection capable of engagement with a hole in a segment plate having
as many holes as there are rows of holes in the pattern card cylinder. When the
second lever is moved by the weaver into a different hole in the segment plate, the
first lever will correspondingly be moved in regard to the pattern card cylinder and
a corresponding change in the weaving will be effected, since the lifting lever
which operates the hooked bar will then be controlled by a different part of the
cylinder.
The driven element is connected by suitable cords links levers and the like with
the shedding change box or picking devices.
Dated this 5th November A.D. 1894.
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in the Shedding, Change-box, and Picking Motions of
Looms for Weaving.
We, GEORGE RICHARDSON of Low Mills, Kendal in the County of
Westmoreland, Woollen Manufacturer, and WILLIAM BROWN RICHARDSON
of 33 Victoria Street, Blackpool in the County of Lancaster, Surgeon, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to improved apparatus or devices for actuating in a simple
and efficient manner, the shedding, the change-box, and the picking motions of
looms or any one or two of such motions.
According to this invention, each of the motions is actuated and controlled
through and by means of a pair of reciprocating elements. one of which is the
driver and the other the driven. The driving element may consist of a slide, lever,
segment, or the like, and the driven, of a lever, pulley, bell-crank lever or the like.
The driving element carries a stud, bowl or projection capable of engagement with
a space or recess in the driven element, the outer ends of the walls of the recess or
space being formed to plane surfaces in such a manner that when the stud or
projection is moved to the right or to the left, the driven element will be moved by
it in the same direction. At the end of the stroke, the stud, bowl, or projection
comes into contact with one of the plane surfaces, and so long as it is thus in
contact, the driven element is locked.
Connected with each driving element there is a hooked bar which is capable of
being lifted or lowered by known devices, such as a pattern chain, tappets, a
Jacquard machine, or the like, so that when lifted or lowered it may be disengaged
or engaged by a reciprocating catch or catches operated by or. from the loom shaft
and suitably timed. The hooked bar may be of any suitable construction if it be
provided with the necessary means for engagement with the catch or catches both
in the forward and in the backward strokes.
The reciprocating catch carrier or carriers may be arranged to be thrown
out of gear with the hooked bar by suitable devices, at the end of any stroke if
desired.
As a special means for raising and lowering the hooked bar, a lifting lever may
be used. This lever has a projection at one end capable of being engaged and
operated by the holes in any row of holes in the pattern card cylinder, according
to its position, which is governed by the position of a second lever piuned at its
opposite end and having a projection capable of engagement with a hole in a
segment plate having as many holes as there are rows of holes in the pattern card
cylinder. When the second lever is moved by the weaver into a different hole in
the segment plate, the first lever will correspondingly be moved in regard to the
pattern card cylinder, and a corresponding change in the weaving will be effected,
since the lifting lever which controls the hooked bar will then be controlled by a
different part of the cylinder.
The driven element is connected by suitable cords links levers and the like with
the shedding, the change-box, and the picking devices.
The accompanying drawings, reference to which we make hereinafter, illustrate
in what manner our invention may be carried into effect. Similar letters of
reference are used to indicate similar parts where they occur in the different
figures.
Figure 1 illustrates partly in elevation and partly in section two pairs of the
reciprocating elements with their accessories.

page_text: Figure 2 shows in elevation two pairs of the reciprocating elements in a modified
form with their accessories.
Figure 3 is an elevation of a device for changing the pattern and for raising and
lowering the hooked bars.
In the drawing A is a rocking lever which has an oscillatory movement
communicated to it from either the crank shaft or the bottom shaft of the loom in
any suitable or known manner. The opposite ends of this lever are connected by
the rods B, B1 with the bar catches C, C 1, which are thus reciprocated in the
slides D, D1 formed in the frame of the machine. As illustrated by the drawings
the hooked bars E, E 1 are hooked both on their upper and lower sides, so that each
bar when raised is engaged by the upper bar catch C and when lowered by the
catch C1. Each hooked bar is connected with a driving element For F1 which
consequently partakes in the reciprocating movement of its attached hooked bar.
Each driving element engages with a driven element G or G 1 in such a manner that
at the end of each stroke the outer surfaces of their teeth or their equivalents abut
against each other as shown in the drawings, so that each driven element is
locked in position until it released by the next motion of its driver.
Various modified forms of driving and driven elements may be employed. In
the form illustrated in Figure 1 the driving element consists of a slide or the like F
attached to the hooked bar E as before described and provided with a tooth or
projection capable of engaging with a recess a formed in the driven element G.
This element consists of a lever, segment, wheel or the like pivotted at H. The
sides of the recess g are so formed that the end of one abuts against the face of the
tooth when the driver is in one of its extreme positions, the end of the other being
similarly engaged when the driver is in its other extreme position. The action of
only one of the pairs of reciprocable elements illustrated in the drawings has here
been explained, but the other pair or pairs act similarly. The similar parts in
different pairs of elements are shown by plain and accented letters respectively.
The driven elements may be connected by means of links cords or the like to the
shedding, the change box or the picking motion of the loom, or they may, as shown,
be geared to levers or wheels J, JI to which the motions are connected. The
booked bars E are raised and lowered by means of the levers L, L 1 and the pattern
cylinder or the like P. The levers are weighted so that they normally tend to
keep the hooked bars in their highest positions. As a projection, peg or the like
upon the cylinder P comes into contact with any of the levers L that lever is
operated to lower its hooked bar. The hooked bars are thus caused to engage with
either of the catches C, C1 and be moved in either direction.
In the modification illustrated in Figure 2 the parts are similar to those already
described and illustrated but in this case the driving element is rotary or partly
rotary. Each driver consists of a lever, segment, wheel or the like F pivotted
at F 2 and reciprocated by its hooked bar. Each driver is provided with a projection
or tooth f engaging with a recess g in its corresponding driven element. The sides
of the recess are shaped at their ends to engage with the face of the tooth when
the latter is in either of its two extreme positions, so as to lock the driven element
in place. The shedding or other motion is connected directly by any suitable and
known means to projections J, JL of the driven elements. The levers L, LI
which are operated from the pattern chain P act upon the hooked bars through
needles N.
For use in heavy work the gearing teeth or the like of one element may consist
of or be provided with a friction bowl or bowls, in which case the opposing
face against which the bowl or bowls will be locked may be curved instead
of plane.
It will be seen that the functions of the two catch bars are respectively to move
the hooked bars in opposite directions. Thus, the upper catch bar C moves its
engaged hooked bar to the left of the drawings; the lower catch operates in the
opposite direction. Hence, when one of the hooked bars is moved to the end of its.

page_text: stroke, it remains there until it is raised or lowered to engage with the other catch
bar, which returns it.
The pattern chain or the like is constructed to give the required motions.
In the device illustrated by Figure 3 each hooked bar engages through its
lever L with an arm, lever or the like K provided with a projection k capable of
falling into or engaging with holes upon the cylinder P or of resting upon its surface
according to the pattern. The position of the peg is governed by the position of
the lever M to which the arm K is linked. The lever M is furnished with a pro-
jection capable of engagement with a hole in a segment plate O having as many
holes as there are rows of holes in the cylinder. The movement of the lever M by
the weaver effects a corresponding alteration in the position of the arm K and the
lever L is held in its raised position or in its lowered position according to whether
the projection k engages with a hole in the cylinder or remains upon its face. The
cards on the pattern cylinder are of the usual construction and are furnished with
holes by means of which the hooked bars are raised, and with blank spaces by means
of which the hooked bars are lowered.
The step by step rotation of the cylinder P is effected by a pawl R mounted upon
the rocking lever A engaging with a ratchet wheel S. The pawl has an idle motion
for about the length of one of the ratchet teeth before it operates to rotate the
cylinder. During this idle movement of the pawl a second arin or link T similarly
pivotted to the lever A operates the two levers U and V causing the end of the
latter to rise and lift the arm K until its projection is disengaged from the cylinder.
The partial rotation of the latter then takes place.
The lever V may be furnished with a chain or the like v by means of which the
weaver may operate the lever and lift the arm K to facilitate the movement of
the lever M.
The needles N through which the hooked bars are raised and lowered may be
locked in place by the device illustrated. The needles are each provided with a
projection n as shown in Figure 3 where the projections of two needles are
represented, one being in its highest position and the other in its lowest. Pivotted
to the frame of the machine is a spring controlled arm W furnished with a pro-
jection w adapted to engage between the two rows of projections n and thus prevent
the highest needles from falling and the lowest from rising. It is released from its
locking position by the bar B and is returned by the spring X.
Although, in the drawings, only two pairs of driving and driven elements and
two hooked bars are shown, it will be understood that different numbers may be
employed according to the class of work to be done. Thus, there will be one of
each for the picking motion, one for each shaft of the shedding motion, and one for
each change-box minus one.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
:-
(1.) In a loom, a device for actuating the shedding, the change-box, or the
picking motion, consisting of a driving and a driven element suitably engaged with
each other and locked at the end of each stroke, constructed arranged and operated
substantially as herein before described and as illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
(2.) In a loom, the combination and arrangement with the driving and driven
elements described in the preceding claiming clause, of a hooked bar connected
with the driving element, and capable of being lifted and lowered, and a recipro-
cating bar catch or catches capable of engaging with the hooked bar when lowered
or raised, constructed arranged and operated substantially as herein before described
and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
(3.) In a loom, a device for operating the hooked bar described in the preceding
claiming clause, and consisting of a lever or arm having a peg or projection adapted

page_text: to engage with any one of the rows of holes in a card cylinder, a second lever
pinned thereto and provided with a projecting part, and a segment having as many
holes or stops as there rows of holes in the card cylinder so arranged that when
the projecting part of the second lever is moved into engagement with a different
hole or stop in the segment, the peg or projection on the first lever will be moved
to engage with a different row of holes in the card cylinder, together with means
for communicating the motion of the first lever to the hooked bar, substantially as
herein before described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
(4.) In a loom, devices for operating the shedding, the change-box, or the
picking motion, constructed arranged and operating substantially as herein before
described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 5th day of September 1895.
W. E. HEYS & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.