A NEW OR IMPROVED LOOM FOR SPINNING FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and Foreign
Patent Offices, 18, Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "A NEW
OR IMPROVED LOOM FOR SPINNING FIBROUS MATERIALS." A communication
from Charles Ligois, of Sotteville, France, Machinist.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th December 1877.
HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Rue
de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Patent Agent. "A NEW OR IMPROVED LOOM FOR SPINNING FIBROUS
MATERIALS." A communication from Charles Ligois, of Sotteville, France,
Machinist.
This Invention relates to a new or improved self-acting mule, which allows of
obtaining bobbins or cops on paper tubes by means of a continuous winding, and
by which, independently of its lightness, a revolution of 6000 turns a minute is
imparted to the bobbins or cops.
Hitherto great force has been required to work the continuous or periodical
winding self-acting mules, and much room and a laborious workmanship of a very
high cost price have been thereby necessitated.
The new or improved loom does not take up more room than an ordinary
throstle. An economy of 50 per cent. on the cost price of the workmanship is
obtained thereby, and the cops or bobbins are formed in a manner exactly similar
to those obtained by the self-acting mules, whilst the disadvantages ordinarily
encountered in the periodical winding are avoided.
The new or improved loom consists principally of rows of spindles to the right
and left of the loom, on which are formed the bobbins or cope. These rows of

page_text: spindles, supported by balances, are kept in their vertical position by posts, in which
the said spindles are moveable, resting in the sockets of the balances.
The loom consists also of tubes, inside which are formed the cops, which revolve
at a rate of 6000 revolutions a minute, and are put in motion by a cylinder by
means of ropes
The said tubes impart the twist to the thread by means of a hook,
through which the thread passes and is wound on the spindle, guided through an eye.
The loom consists further of balances descending vertically as the cop or bobbin
is formed, and drawn by levers by means of connecting rods connected at one sido
by axes to the lever, and at the other to balances; the said levers also descending
The said balances
vertically at their axes by means of screws going through them
are held up by weights suspended to chains enrolled on pulleys mounted on shafts
carrying pinions gearing with racks on the balances The said weights being
heavier than the balances, have a tendency to make the latter rise, but me
neutralised by the levers, the ends of which are provided with take-about carriers
resting on little biass rods, which in their circular motion cause the balances to
come down during their revolution from the height of the cone of the bobbin or
cop, and they are lifted up again by the action of the weights at the moment when
the take-about carriers come to the end of the large diameter of the little brass rods
and fall back on the small one, which causes the thread to travel very rapidly from
the small on to the large diameter of the cone of the cop or bobbin.
Motion is imparted to these contrivances by the shaft of a cylinder, on which is
mounted an endless screw, gearing with a wheel mounted on a vertical shaft, which
through cone pinions actuates a cross shaft; on the ends of which are keyed other
cone pinions, which impart the motion to the shafts of the little brass rods.
The motion, by which are made to descend the axes of the levers which lower the
balances as the cop or bobbin is being formed, is obtained by means of cone pinions
driven by straight wheels keyed on the shaft of the brass rod by means of a small
shaft, to which is keyed a friction pulley, which draws along with it a plate mounted
on another shaft This plate is provided with a tock, which at each revolution causes
a ratchet to advance one tootli, which gearing through its shaft and a cone pinion
with a cone fixed on a screw imparts its motion thereto, and lowers the tapped axis
of the balance lever on to the screw. A finger fixed on the shaft of the plate,
keyed in an opposito position to the tock, causes its ratchet to advance, which by a
similar arrangement lowers the axis of the lever of the opposite balance Each motion
18 effected by means of a shaft provided with a crank by a pinion and a wheel
mounted on a small shaft in communication with the screw, and two small cones
gearing together. The axis of the lever is raised again very rapidly up to the
top part of the screw, in order to recommence a fresh cop or bobbin.
When the cop is begun, in order to form its conical foot, the motion of the plate
operated by the friction pulley is slackened by making the latter revolve on the
large diameter of the said plate by means of an incline and a lever, the axis of
which is in the middle, and one forked end of which carries two fingers spigoting
into the groove of a pulley fixed on the shaft of the friction pulley. The said lever
is held by a spring fixed to the frame at one end, and at the other to the lower end
of the lever above mentioned by means of a pulley and a rope.
The end of the shaft of the friction pulley is supported by a beam, the other end
of which is fastened to a spring fixed to the fiame of the loom, which causes the
friction pulley to come in contact with the plate.
When the bobbin or cop is fully covered, in order to raise again the axes of the
levers of the balances, the shaft is revolved by means of its crank; the cone pinion
gearing with the cone fixed on the screw causes it to turn in an opposite direction,
and brings forward a carriage carrying the incline whose axis is thereon held by a
spring. In this forward motion the lever in contact with the incline assumes a
position which brings forward the friction pulley to the larger diameter of the
plate, and when the lever has slidden over the axis of the incline the latter resumes
its position, and is held therein by a swivel hook which catches it, so that in its
normal motion it keeps its position and holds the friction pulley until it is disen-

page_text: The
gaged, which takes place when the bobbin or cop foot is fully covered. Then the
lever, actuated by a spring, brings forward the friction pulley to the small diameter
of the plate, the incline continuing its course whilst the cop is being covered
shank of the swivel hook meets a finger, which, causing it to swing, disengages tho
incline, which resumes its original position, a grooved cone pinion allowing the shaft
to slide whilst it is being actuated.
The new or improved spinning loom is provided with a friction device, varying
according as the thread is wound on the small or large diameter of the bobbin.
A rod sliding into brackets fixed to the balance carries springs which exercise
a friction upon each spindle foot. The said springs, mounted on feet fixed on the
rod, can be separated from or brought nearer to the spindles in order to regulate the
necessary friction
The rod is provided at its end with a small knob, which slides
into the groove of a lever on each motion of the balance, causing the thread to
traverse the conical part of the bobbin or cop, the rod being drawn forward or
pushed back by means of the inclined groove, the springs are bent or not, according
as the thiend is wound on the large or sinall diameter of the bobbin. A lever,
whose axis rests on a slide, is still kept in the same position in relation to the
balance, the slide descending like the balance during the formation of the
cylindrical part of the bobbin or cop by means of a finger fastened to the balance
and working in the groove of the slide during the formation of the conical part,
and acting on the slide in order to cause it to descend the thickness of each layer of
thread.
These berein-before explained improvements can be applied indifferently to
bobbin frames or cleaning apparatuses.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henri Adrien Bonneville in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th June 1878.
HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Rue
de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Patent Agent. "A NEW OR IMPROVED LOOM FOR SPINNING FIBROUS
MATERIALS." A communication from Charles Ligois, of Sotteville, France,
Machinist.
This Invention relates to a new or improved self-acting mule which allows of
obtaining bobbins or cops on paper tubes by means of a continuous winding, and
by which, independently of its lightness, a revolution of 6000 turns a minute is
imparted to the bobbins or cops
Hitherto great force has been required to work the continuous or periodical winding
self-acting mules, and much room and a laborious workmanship of a very high cost
price have been thereby necessitated.
The new or improved loom does not take up more room than an ordinary throstle.
An economy of 50 per cent. on the cost price of the workmanship is thereby obtained,
and the cops or bobbins are formed in a manner exactly similar to those obtained
by the self-acting mules, whilst the disadvantages ordinarily encountered in the
periodical winding me avoided.
The Invention is illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, in which,-
Fig. 1 shows a general view of the loom in vertical section; Fig. 2 is a horizontal
plan view of the same, partly in section, to represent the different parts constituting
the Invention.
Fig. 3 is a view of the spindles of the loom, half working size, with the method
of friction used for the winding up.
Fig 4 is a sectional plan view at the point where the spindles exercise their
friction.
In all these Figures simliar letters indicate corresponding parts.
As seen in Fig. 1 the new or improved loom consists principally of rows of
spindles A, A, to the right and left of the loom, on which are formed the bobbins
or cops a, a¹. These rows of spindles, supported by the balances B, B', are kept in
their vertical position by the posts b, b', in which the said spindles are moveable,
resting in the sockets c, c', of the balances.
The loom consists also of tubes H, H', inside which are formed the cops, which
revolve at a rate of 6000 revolutions a minute, and are put in motion by a cylinder
G by means of ropes g, g¹. The said tubes impart the twist to the thread by means
of the hook h, through which the thread passes and is wound on the spindle, guided
through the eyo h¹.
The loom consists further of balances B, B', descending vertically as the cop or
bobbin is formed, and drawn by the levers I, I, by means of the connecting rods i, 2,
connected at one side by axes to the lever, and at the other to the balances, the said
levers I, I, also descending vertically at their axes j, j', by means of the screws J, J,
going through them. The said balances B, B', are held up by weights K, K², sus-
pended to chains enrolled on pulleys mounted on shafts L, L', carrying pinions 1,,
gearing with racks in the balances B, B¹. The said weights being heavier than the
balances have a tendency to make the latter rise, but are neutralised by the levers I, I,
the ends of which are provided with take-about carriers resting on little brass rods
M, M', which in their circular motion cause the balances to come down during their
revolution from the height of the cone of the bobbin or cop a, a, and they are lifted
up again by the action of the weights K, K¹, at the moment when the take-about
carriers come to the end of the diameter of the little brass rods, and fall back
on the small one, which causes the thread to travel very rapidly from the small on
to the large diameter of the cone of the cop or bobbin a, a¹.

page_text: Motion is imparted to these contrivances, Fig. 1, by the shaft of the cylin-
der G on which is mounted an endless screw N gearing with a wheel N¹
mounted on a vertical shaft which through the cone pinions n actuates a cross
shaft, on the ends of which are keyed the cone pinions n', n", which impart the
motion to the shafts of the little brass rods M, M².
The motion by which the axes of the levers are made to descend, which lower the
balances as the cop or bobbin. is being formed, is obtained by means of the cone
pinions V, V, driven by the straight wheels v, vl, keyed on to the shaft of the brass
rod by means of the small shaft o¹, to which is keyed a friction pulley o, which
draws along with it the plate P mounted on the shaft P¹. This plate is provided
with a tock p, which at each revolution causes the ratchet p' to advance one tooth,
which gearing through its shaft p¹, and a cone pinion with a cone fixed on the
screw Q, imparts its motion thereto, and lowers the tapped axis of the balance lever
on to the screw. A finger pfixed on the shaft P₁ of the plate P keyed in an
opposite position to the tock 2, causes its ratchet to advance, which by a
similar arrangement lowers the axis of the lever 1' of the opposite balance. Each
motion is effected by means of a shaft 7, 7', provided with a crank by the pinion q¹¹,
and the wheel q11 mounted on a small shaft in communication with the screw, and
the small cones gearing together. The axis of the lever I is raised again very
rapidly up to the top part of the screw, in order to recommence a fresh cop or
bobbin.
When the cop or bobbin is begun in order to form its conical foot, the motion of
the plate operated by the friction pulley is slackened by making the latter revolve
on the larger diameter of the said plate by means of an incline R and a lever R',
the axis of which is in the middle, and one forked end of which carries two
fingers spigoting into the groove of the pulley I fixed on the shaft of the
friction pulley o. The said lever is held in the position represented in the
Drawing, Fig. 1, by a spring fixed to the frame at one end, and at the other to
the lower end of the lever R' by means of a pulley and a rope.
The end of the shaft of the friction pulley o is supported by a beam o", the
other end of which is fastened to a spring o¹ll fixed to the frame of the loom
which causes the friction pulley to come in contact with the plate
When the bobbin or cop is fully covered, in order to raise again the axes of the
levers I, 1', of the balances, the shaft 7 is revolved by means of its crank, the cone
pinion gearing with the cone fixed on the screw causes it to turn in an opposite
direction, and brings forward the carriages, carrying the incline whose axis is thereon
held by a spring. In this forward motion the lever R' in contact with the inclino
assumes a position which brings forward the friction pulley o to the larger diameter
of the plate P, and when the lever has slidden over the axis of the incline, the latter
resumes its position and is held therein by a swivel hook T which catches it so that
in its normal motion it keeps its position and holds the friction pulley o until it is
disengaged, which takes place when the bobbin or cop foot is fully covered. Then
the lever R' actuated by a spring p" brings forward the friction pulley to the small
diameter of the plate, the incline continuing its course whilst the cop is being
covered. The shank of the swivel hook T meets a finger U, which causing it to
swing disengages the incline R, which resumes its original position, the grooved
cone pinion V allowing the shaft to slide whilst it is being actuated.
The new or improved spinning loom is provided with a friction device, varying
according as the thread is wound on the small or large diameter of the bobbin, Fig 3.
This arrangement is illustrated in half working size. The rod D sliding into the
brackets D' fixed to the balance, carries springs G which exercise a friction upon
each spindle foot. The said springs mounted on feet G₁ fixed on the rod D can be
separated from or brought nearer to the spindles in order to regulate the necessary
friction. The rod D is provided at its end with a small knob which slides into the
groove of the lever E on each motion of the balance, causing the thread to traverse
the conical part of the bobbin or cop; the rod being drawn forward or pushed back
by means of the inclined groove; the springs are bent or not, according as the

page_text: thread is wound on the large or small diameter of the bobbin. The lever E whose
axis rests on the slide F is still kept in the same position in relation to the balance,
the slide F descending like the balance during the formation of the cylindrical part
of the bobbin or cop by means of the finger f fastened to the balance, and working
in the groove f¹ of the slide during the formation of the conical part, and acting on
the slide F in order to cause it to descend the thickness of each layer of thread.
As shown in the Drawing, Fig. 1, these herein-before explained improvements
can be applied indifferently to bobbin frames or clearing apparatuses.
Having thus fully described the said Invention and the manner of carrying the
same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the pre-
cise details above enumerated, as these may obviously be modified without departing
from the principle of the Invention, but what I claim is,-
1. A method of friction of the thread, which allows of obtaining a speed of 6000
turns a minute.
2. The arrangement as above described, by means of which bobbins or cops are
obtained, the continuous winding of which on to paper tubes is similar to that of
periodical looms.
3. The friction exercised on the spindles which varies according as the thread
traverses the small or large diameter of the cop; the whole substantially as above
described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Heni Adrien Bonneville, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
HI BONNEVILLE
(LS)