Improvements in or relating to the Packing or Wrapping of Goods, and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 10th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 19th Dec., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Packing or Wrapping of Goods,
and Apparatus therefor.
We, SAMUEL LEAROYD, of Sherwood House, Huddersfield, in the County of
York, and 12, Coleman Street, in the City and County of London, Solicitor, and
WALTER SCOTT of Netherton, near Huddersfield, in the County of York, Grocer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
Our invention relates to improvements in the baling and packing of goods and
parcels by mechanical processes, and in the construction of apparatus therefor.
By our method parcels and articles of all kinds containing both loose and solid
materials are wrapped mechanically and automatically so as to produce a neat and
uniform package and leave only one point of fastening corresponding to the fold or
flap of an envelope, all the other parts being self-enclosing.
.One method by which we carry our invention into effect is by forming a table or
platform either of wood or other material in which we cut out a cavity so shaped
as to provide for the forming of the bottom and the sides of our case or wrapper.
The paper or other material is placed on this table or platform either upon the
level or slightly depressed in a cavity in the table or platform and is then depressed
into the cavity by a plunger or plug either solid or hollow as desired. The cavity
has within it on each side a piece cut out to act as a folder and so prepared as to
fold the corners of the paper or other material whilst being pressed down by the
plunger and the paper or material coming in contact with these folders shapes the
case or wrapper on five sides of it leaving it open only at the top. The package
or case is then ready to receive its contents which may be placed in the package
either before or after the withdrawal of the plunger, and the material may if
required be rammed into the parcel by a ram so as to solidify the contents. The
plunger may then be withdrawn. The package or case may then with the contents
be pushed out on one side or at the front or back of the machine through a tunnel
or channel which is so shaped as to fold over the paper or material to fold the top
of the parcel, package or case in a form resembling the flap or fold of an envelope
and completely enclose the package, producing a parcel entirely self-enclosed at
the bottom, sides, and ends and having only one loose fold or flap which may be
gummed, pasted, or sealed in any desired manner.
Another method in which we apply our invention is by forming a platform or
table having a hole in it which hole is the shape or size of the parcel proposed to
be produced, the paper is then laid upon this platform and folded on the various
sides thereof by flaps, folders or blades which are raised from below or folded from
the sides so as to produce the various folds required in the paper or other material
to produce the case or wrapper, the paper being folded around the block or plunger
to shape it. The platform is then lowered by which means the four sides of the
wrapper or case are made, when the plunger may be withdrawn and the material
to he packed inserted. The upper side of the case or wrapper is then folded over
in like manner as the sides, by means of flaps, wings, blades or folders and the
package with the material in it is then pushed out from the frame or machine or at
the back or side. When the material to be packed is non-coherent; granular or

page_text: pulverulent a ram may be used to press the material together before the top of the
case is closed. The machine may be made of wood, metal or any other suitable
material, it may be made for the packing of single parcels or in rows or nests to
pack a quantity at one time. The machine may be worked by mechanical or
manual or other power, and in the form of a flat table or of a revolving cylinder
or other shape and the packing cases may be adapted to pack any size of package
by the provision of interchangeable sides or shells or flaps in the packing mould or
case, so as to produce varying sizes or gauges.
Dated this 10th day of January 1896.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
31, High Holborn, London, W.C., Patent Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in or relating to the Packing or Wrapping of Goods,
and Apparatus therefor.
We, SAMUEL LEAROYD, of Sherwood House, Huddersfield, and 12, Coleman
Street, London, E.C. Solicitor, and WALTER SCOTT, of Netherton, near Hudders-
field, Grocer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
Our invention relates to improvements in the packing and wrapping of goods
and parcels and in the construction of apparatus therefor.
The chief object of our invention is the production of a parcel the wrapper of
which is folded in a novel manner which manner of folding enables granular and
powdered substances to be neatly and expeditiously packed.
A further object of our invention is to construct apparatus by means of which
such parcels may be produced said parcels being ejected from the machine in a
suitable condition for transit. The apparatus is also adapted for packing solid
articles of all kinds including stationery and books.
An important feature of our invention is the provision of means whereby the
wrapper is folded vertically on four sides, so that the complete parcel has only one
point of fastening corresponding to the flap of an envelope, the other sides of the
wrapper being self-enclosing.
In order that our invention may be clearly understood we will now proceed to
describe by the aid of the accompanying drawings one method of carrying out the
same in practice :-
Figure 1 is a front elevation somewhat diagrammatic of our improved apparatus.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the machine shewn in Figure 1 as seen in the
direction of the arrow.
Figure 3 is au elevation of the paper-cutting device.
Figure 4 is an elevation of a portion of Figure 3 looking in the direction of the
arrow 4 in said figure.
Figure 5 is a diagrammatic section on the line 5-5 Figure 1.
Figure 6 is a similar section taken on the line 6-6 Figure 1.
Figure 7 is a side elevation of the device for moving the plunger.
Figure 8 is a rear elevation of the paper feed rolls.
Figure 9 is a plan of the table on to which the paper is fed by the feed rolls.
Figure 10 is a front view shewing the folders for folding in the ends of the
packets.
Figure 11 is a side view shewing the folders for folding in the sides of the
packets.

page_text: packet is closed.
Figure 13 is a plan shewing the device for ejecting the complete packet from
the machine.
Figures 14 to 17 are perspective views shewing various stages in the folding of
a packet.
Figure 18 is a front elevation partly sectional shewing a modification of the
packeting machine.
Figure 19 is a section on line 19-19 Figure 18.
Figures 20 and 21 are perspective views similar to Figures 14 to 17 illustrating
another manner of folding the wrapper.
Figure 22 is a perspective view of a machine for wrapping the parcel shewn in
Figures 20 and 21.
Figure 23 is a side elevation of a somewhat similar machine.
In some of the drawings the scale is enlarged to such an extent as to shew the
details as clearly as desired.
Like letters of reference denote the same parts throughout the drawings.
A is the framework of the machine, G the fixed shoot, G the hollow plunger,
H the paper roll, J the cutter, K the main driving shaft, I., M, N, the actuating
shafts of the various mechanisms. O is the actuating shaft for the paper feed and
paper cutter, P the end folding plates, Q the side folding plates, aud R the ejecting
plunger. In Figures 14 to 21 the paper enclosing the packet is denoted by the
letter V.
The framework of the machine is constructed of any suitable material and has
secured to it the various fixed portions of the machine and bearings for the different
actuating and main shafts.
The movements of the various shafts and the gears for actuating the same will.
be understood on reference to Figures 1, 2, 5, and 6. K is the main shaft
supported in bearings K', and driven by a belt or any other suitable means in the
direction of the arrow shewn in Figure 5. Secured to the sbaft K is the gear
wheel K which meshes with a gear wheel M2 secured to the shaft M, the gear
wheel M² also meshes with the gear wheel L' secured on the shaft L. The
shafts M and L are supported in suitable bearings M3 L2 on the frame. M' is a
mutilated gear wheel secured on the shaft M which is toothed only upon one third
of its periphery as shewn in Figure 6. L' is a similar gear wheel secured on the
shaft L. The teeth of these mutilated gears are adapted to engage with a full
gear wheel N¹ secured on the shaft N which is supported in bearings N³. On the
shaft N is also fixed a drum N³ round which passes a belt N (see Figure 7)
secured at one place to the top of the hollow plunger G₁ as shewn at G³, and
passing round suitable guide pulleys No provided with bearings fixed to the frame.
The teeth on the gear L are furthermore adapted to engage with the spur
wheel O' secured on the shaft O. Referring to Figure 3 0 is a drum fixed on
shaft O having secured to its periphery a flexible cord O³, the other end of which
passes round the guiding pulley O and is secured to a weight 0. J' is a drum
fixed on the shaft O having secured on its periphery at one point the endless
hand J2 (see Figure 3), which passes round the guide pulleys J³ supported in
bearings fixed to the frame and is secured to the end of a lever J pivoted at J' to
a plate J which lever supports at its lower end the cutting wheel J. The lever J*
is composed of two parallel rods as shewn in Figure 4, the cord J' being connected
to the upper bar J' connecting said rods. Supported on suitable standards fixed to
the frame is a guiding bar J on which travel three guiding wheels J pivoted to
the plate J. Preferably two parallel plates Je are provided, one ou each side
of the bar F as shewn in Figure 4. Suitable leaf springs Jio are furthermore
arranged so as to lightly clamp the guiding bar Js between them. The axle of
the cutting wheel J is supported in a slot at the end of the lever J and light
springs J secured to the plates J are provided to press on the top of the axle of
said cutting wheel, thus pressing said wheel downwards with a gentle pressure.

page_text: The cutting wheel is arranged to travel along a bar J preferably of copper
placed parallel to the guiding bar Ja and pivoted at its ends to the frame. Secured
at the rear end pivot of the bar J12 is an arm J13 with which the plate J or a
projection secured thereon is adapted to engage when the cutter reaches the end of
its path. When such engagement occurs the arm Jis is pressed outwards, and the
plate J rotated on its pivot to a position approximately as shewn in dotted lines
in Figure 4.
The paper feeding mechanism is shewn in Figures 1, 2, and 8. The paper roll His
supported on a bracket H¹ fixed to the frame. The sheet of paper, which we will
now call H, passes through a slit H' in an upright bar H fixed to the frame to
the feed rolls H H', the object of passing the paper through the slit being to free
the same from the curved form which it assumes from being rolled up. The feed
rolls are secured to axles supported in suitable bearings H' fixed to the frame."
Hare meshed gears secured on the axles of the feed-rolls, so that the upper of
said rolls is given a positive motion. Secured on the axle of the lower feed roll is
a ratchet H with which a spring pawl H" pivoted on the face of a pulley H can
engage. Said pulley H12 is loosely mounted on the axle of the lower feed roll, and
has attached to its periphery one end of a flexible cord H" passing round guide
pulleys H to the drum H" round which drum the cord is lapped a suitable number
of times before passing back to the pulley H to which its other end is secured.
In order to avoid misunderstanding we will now describe in detail the operation
of the feed roll and paper cutters. It will be understood by reference to Figures 5
and 6, that the shaft L is continuously rotated from the shaft K through the
medium of gears KM and L. Since, however, the gear wheel L is mutilated it
follows that the shaft O will be rotated by the said gear during a period of one
third of the revolution, that is to say, whilst the toothed segment of wheel L' is in
gear with the wheel O. Referring to Figure 3, the gear L' rotates shaft O in
such a manner as to wind up the string 03 on the drum 03 and raise the weight 0.
Also through the rotation of pulley J the cord Jis pulled and caused to travel in
the direction of the arrow. The pull on the cord J2 acting on lever J* rotates the
latter on its pivot J and thereby lifts the cutter J out of contact with the paper.
At the same time the band H13 is caused to travel in the direction of the arrow
shewn in Figures 2 and 8 and the pawl H engaging with ratchet H0 rotates the
lower feed roll axle, and thereby causes the paper to be fed through the rolls over
the bar J12 and under the cutter J on to the table A'.
When the toothed segment of the gear L³ releases wheel O' (as in the position
shewn in Figure 6) the shaft O is free to rotate in the opposite direction under the
influence of the weight O' which rapidly descends. The flexible cord J'is thereby
caused to travel in the opposite direction of the arrows shown in Figure 3, and the
pull of the cord being reversed the lever Jis moved on its pivot and allows the
wheel J to be pressed on to the paper by the spring J". The cutter is therefore
caused to travel rapidly from one end to the other of the bar J cutting off the
portion of the paper previously fed through the rolls. When the cutter reaches
the end of its travel the plate J' strikes against the arm J thereby tilting the
strip J upwards, and moving it clear of the cut edge of the paper. This is
important because when the paper is subsequently pressed down through the orifice
of the table A' as hereafter explained the cut edge is liable to catch on the edge of
the strip Jif said strip is not turned out of the way as hereinabove described.
The rotation of the shaft O, due to the descent of the weight O, at the same time
causes the flexible cord H³ to move in the opposite direction to that shewn by the
arrow in Figure 2, and will thus tend to move the feed rolls in the wrong
direction. This, however, does not happen since the pawl H" slips' over the
ratchet during such backward movement of the pulley.
Referring now to Figure 9 the table A' upon which the paper is fed from the
feed-rolls, has an orifice A in such a position that the movable plunger G' can
enter therein, and pass 'down a shaft A which it loosely fits and to which the said
órifice forms the entrance. A' are tongue like projections forming the side

page_text: boundaries of the orifice A. Said projections are rounded at their edges for the
purpose of folding the edges of the paper upwards when the sheet is pressed down.
The sides of the shaft A below the projections A are formed of two triangular
plates As A Figure 2 which fold first one side and then the other of the paper as
hereinafter described. Below the fixed plates A' A on each side are pivoted
flaps P, P (see Figure 10) said flaps having arms Pl connected by links P to
arms P3 secured on a rock shaft P' supported in bearings on the framework of the
machine. Said rock shaft is provided with an arm P adapted to engage with a
pin Pe fixed to a wheel L on shaft L. The folding flaps P have wing like
extensions P on each side for a purpose hereafter mentioned.
At the bottom of the shaft A is a slide A' which is shewn in Figures 11 and 12,
which slide is formed with upstanding parts A and has pivoted to the top of the
front part a folding flap Q. The opposite folding flap Qi is pivoted to the frame.
Suitable springs are provided for maintaining said flaps in an upright position one
of which attached to flap Q is shewn at q. Said flaps are further provided with
cam pieces Qsecured thereto and with projecting parts Q. To the back of the
rear-most part A of the slide is secured a bent plate A' which is arranged to form
a thin box as clearly shown in Figure 11, the free edge of the top side of said box
being thickened in front as shown at A. Outside the shaft A is provided a
pulley or friction wheel A" adapted to engage with the flap Q when the slide A is
moved out. The mechanism for moving said slide outwards is shewn in Figure 12
and is as follows:-The disc L has secured to it a cam piece Q which engages
with the arm of a bell crank lever pivoted to the frame at Q and the other arm
of said bell crank is provided with a fork Q' engaging with a pin Q on slide A.
On the top of slide A' is provided a transverse slide R the function of which is
to push the completed package out of the machine. The slide R is worked from a
cam groove R¹ provided on the wheel L said groove engaging with a pin R' on
the end of a horizontal lever R³ pivoted at R to the frame of the machine. The
other end of the lever R has a fork R engaging with a pin R on the slide 1.
In connection with the lever R³ is arranged the spring R' the pull of which keeps
the slide R away from the package. These details are clearly shewn in Figure 13.
Referring now to Figures 1 and 10, Q is a shaft pivoted to the frame and
having secured to it an arm Q which ordinarily lies above the link P. Qare
other arms one of which is seen in Figure 1 secured on the shaft Q the ends of
which are adapted to engage with the projections Q on the flaps QQ. The said
projections Qwhen the flaps Q Q are in an upright position as shewn in Figure 11
project through slits in the front and back plates of the shaft. Having thus
described the various parts of our apparatus we will now proceed to describe the
operation of the same.
We will assume that the feed rolls H H have fed forward a suitable length of
the paper H2 from the roll H on to the table A', and that the cutter J has cut off
a sheet of the proper size in the manner hereinbefore described, the position of the
wheel L will therefore be that shewn in Figure 6 in which the toothed segment of
said wheel has become disengaged from the spur wheel O' and has just come into
engagement with the wheel N. As the wheel L rotates from the position shewn
in Figure 6 the wheel N' is rotated in the clockwise direction looking at said figure
and causes band N' to move in the direction shewn by the arrow in Figure 7. The
plunger G therefore descends and meeting the sheet of paper on the table A¹
presses it through the opening A2 in said table, the edges of the sheet being forced
by the tongues A' into a position somewhat as shewn in Figure 14. As the
plunger descends the shaft A the folded portion V is turned by the edge of
plate A (see Figure 2) and the folded portion V is turned by the edge of plate A
so that when the paper with the plunger reaches the bottom of the shaft the sheet
is folded in the shape shewn in Figure 15, and forms a receptacle open at the top
only. It will be clear that during the descent of the paper from the table A' the
shape thereof varies from a flat sheet to that shewn in Figure 15, the shape shewn
in Figure 14 being an ideal form which the paper does not assume unless the

page_text: plates AA are situated some considerable distance below the tongues A. The
portion of goods to be wrapped is now delivered through the shoot G and hollow
plunger G into the paper receptacle at the bottom of the shaft A. By this time
the wheel L will have rotated so far that the toothed segment thereof will have
become disengaged from the wheel N' and the wheel M will have rotated to a
position in which its toothed segment will engage with the wheel N¹ and cause it
to rotate in the opposite direction thereby drawing up the plunger G. The
rotation of the shaft L, has now brought the pin P on the dise L into position to
engage with the arm P of the rock shaft P. Said arm P5 is moved upwards, and
the links P are also moved upwards causing the flaps P to move on their pivots in
the direction of the arrow shewn in Figure 10, and folding down the ends Vs V
of the paper receptacle to the position shewn in Figure 16, at the same time
pressing down the contents of the said receptacle. The link P' in its upward
movement strikes against the arm Q" on rock shaft Q' thereby causing the arms Q
to move upwards. Said arms Q" engage with the projections Q of the flaps Q
and thus pinch the creases at the portions of the paper V V between said flaps Q
and the outstanding parts P7 of the flaps P. The pin P now escapes from the
arm P, and allows the flaps P, P to rise, and at the same time the arm Q' comes
in contact with the cam Q The bell crank therefore turns on its pivot and
through the medium of the fork Q' and pin Q causes the slide A' to move outward
through the front of the shaft A carrying with it the parcel which is in the form
shewn in Figure 16. By this movement of the slide the flap Q' which is pivoted
to the framework of the machine is caused by the agency of the bent plate A to
move down in the direction of the arrow in Figure 11 and thus fold down the
upstanding side V' of the packet, at the same time the packet is gradually with-
drawn from under the said flap Q which is received into the box formed by the
before mentioned plate A. As the slide moves out, however, the wheel A"
engages with the flap Q and presses it together with the upstanding side V of the
paper on to the top of the folded down side V, thus completing the packet. It
will be observed that the projections Q on the flaps QQ cause said flaps to be
pressed down very tightly during one portion of the movement of the packet so as
to square the edges thereof. As soon as the slide A' has moved out to its furthest
extent as shewn in Figure 12 it remains in that position owing to the length of the
cam Quntil the transverse slide R has been operated through the medium of
lever R³ and cam R' to push the completed packet from under the flap Q leaving
the slide A empty. The slide R then moves back again owing to the form of the
cam R'as shewn in Figure 13. When this has been done the arm Qescapes from
the cam Q and the slide A' moves back again under the influence of the arm Q
or of a spring attached to snid arm. The completed packet has the appearance
shewn in Figure 17. It will be understood that while the various operations
connected with the folders P and Q and delivery of the packet are progressing the
feed rolls H H are feeding forward another sheet of paper in readiness to form
another packet. The action of the machine is therefore continuous as long as the
paper roll is not exhausted and portions of the goods to be wrapped are supplied at
the proper times to the shoot G.
We will now proceed to describe a modification of the packing apparatus in
which the folding flaps QQ are substituted by fixed plates operating in a similar
fashion to the plates A A. In this modification, which we may observe is
particularly suited for wrapping solid substances such as soap and the like which
have already been formed into suitably sized cakes, the bottom of the shaft A
enters a transverse tunnel through which the partially wrapped packet is pushed
by a bar operated in a similar manner to the bar R. Á vertical section exhibiting
the transverse tunnel and the chief devices connected therewith is shewn in
Figure 18, the tunnel being marked A", and the bar above mentioned being
indicated by U. The sheet of paper having been pressed down, the vertical
shaft A assumes the shape shewn in Figure 15, and the material to be wrapped is
now deposited within the partially formed packet either through the hollow

page_text: plunger, as in the machine hereinabove described, or in the case of a solid object,
such as a cake of soap, said object may be fed or placed on the top of the sheet of
paper when the latter is lying in position on the table A', and be pressed down by a
solid plunger, so that said object itself forms the bottom part of the plunger, and
is instrumental in imparting the first folds to the paper when forcing the sheet
down the shaft A. The paper in the form shewn in Figure 15 with the substance
within it is now operated upon by the pusher bar U which pushes it in the direction
of the arrow. The sides of the lower orifice of the shaft A³ which also forms the
top of the transverse tunnel A" is shaped in a similar manner to the tongue A as
shewn at A and consequently folds down the end V of the parcel. U is a plate
secured to the bar U and as bar U moves towards the end of the parcel the
plate U engages with the end V of the packet and folds the same down to the
top of the material therein. In the apparatus illustrated as soon as the partially
wrapped parcel has been pushed by bar U under the tongue A¹ the bar U is
withdrawn and another partly wrapped parcel is introduced down the shaft A³.
The first parcel is therefore pushed along the tunnel A" by the succeeding
parcels. The top of the tunnel A" beyond the part A" is open or slotted at the
corners for a short distance so as to permit of the upstanding parts V' V8 of the
wrapper passing, and two plates A1 A1 are provided of a design similar to that of
the plates A A bereinabove described. Said plates fold down in succession the
last upstanding portions V' V of the wrapper and so complete the wrapping
operation as the parcel is pushed along the tunnel. The completely wrapped
parcel is ejected from the end of the tunnel on to a suitable table placed to receive
it. The gear for operating the bar may be of any suitable description, for example,
similar to that for operating the bar Ras hereinabove described."
Another manner of folding the wrapper somewhat different from that exhibited
in Figures 14 to 17 is illustrated in Figures 20 and 21 of which Figure 20 shews a
packet in the stage corresponding to that shewn in Figure 15 and Figure 21 shews
a packet almost completely wrapped. In this case the flaps marked V3 V4 Figure 15
are folded inside the flaps V as shewn in Figure 20 so that the diagonal folds of
the wrapper are inside. The sides V2 V2 are folded down next and lastly the
sides VV as shewn in Figure 21. The side V is preferably arranged to cover
the entire top part of the packet. By this method of wrapping all the external
folds of the wrapper will be at right angles to each other and the sides thereof
smooth, also if desired the wrapper can be printed before folding in such a manner
that devices will appear on all sides of the packet.
Figures 22 and 23 illustrate modifications of the packing machine by means of
which packets may be wrapped in the manner above described with reference to
Figures 20 and 21.
Referring now to Figure 22 the hollow plunger G is fixed to the frame A and
that portion of the machine forming the shaft A' is arranged to slide up and down.
A sheet of paper is shewn in position in dotted lines and as the shaft A moves up
said sheet is gradually forced by the plunger G into the shaft the ends V' being
folded in by the pivoted plates W. Said plates are pivoted to the shaft in such a
manner that the inner edges W₁ thereof project below the bottom of the plunger G.
As the shaft moves up said plunger turns the plates W on their pivots into a
vertical position and the wings W formed thereon fold in the triangular
corners Vs V. As the shaft continues its upward movement the pivoted
plates Y are maintained in a vertical position by the pressure of the cam
pieces A secured to the frame until said plates reach a position above the cam
pieces upon which the springs Y¹ turn the plates on their pivots Y into a horizontal
position. The inner plates Y which are secured at right angles to the plates Y
will then become vertical so that the partially folded wrapper in the form shewn
in Figure 20 with the plunger inside can move down the shaft. When the shaft
has reached the top of its upward movement the materials to be packed are
deposited within the partially folded wrapper and the shaft is moved down
whereupon the cam pieces A engage with the plates Y and turn them into a

page_text: vertical position thus causing the plates Ys to fold in the ends V' of the wrapper.
The slide A similar to that shewn in Figure 11 is now pulled out in the direction
of the arrow and folding devices which may be similar to the plates Q hereinbefore
mentioned fold in the remaining portions of the wrapper. As soon as the plunger
is withdrawn from engagement with the inner edges W₁ of the plates W said plates
under the action of a spring such as W³ will be restored to a horizontal position.
In Figure 23 the plunger G₁ is arranged to be moved up and down by any
suitable means, and the upper folds in the paper wrapper H2 are made by
substantially similar plates to those described with reference to Figure 22, the
wings W of said plates being shewn. Somewhat different mechanism is however
arranged to form the last folds of the wrapper which we will now describe:-
X is a bar pivoted at X adapted to be rotated on its pivot when its inner edge is
met by the descending face of the plunger G¹. Attached to said bar is a flexible
connection X passing round a pulley X³ to the other end of which connection is
attached a sliding plate X'. By this means when the bar X is rotated to a vertical
position the plate X' is withdrawn through the side of the shaft, the plunger with
the wrapper folded to the form shewn in Figure 20 on its end is then free to
descend to the bottom of the shaft. The goods are then deposited in the wrapper
and if necessary tightly packed by the rammer G³. The plunger is then withdrawn
and when it has risen sufficiently far to release the bar X said bar is turned on its,
pivot and the plate X is drawn into the shaft by the action of the spring X thus
folding in one side of the wrapper. Similar devices one of which is shewn fold in
the ends V2 of the wrapper in which case instead of the connection X2 being
secured to a bar such as X it may be secured to the plate W. For turning down
the last fold V of the wrapper I provide a plate Z pivoted at Z' to the frame..
Said plate is adapted to be rotated on its pivot in the direction of the arrow by
means of a pin Z2 in the slide A' which slide withdraws the packet from the
machine. Said pin Z2 engages with a piece Z3 pivoted to the arm Z secured on
the pivot Z. When the plate A' moves outwards in the direction shewn by the
arrow placed thereon the pin Z2 meeting with the piece Z³ rotates the plate Z on
its pivot thus folding down the last side of the wrapper. A spring Z is provided
for restoring the parts to their normal position when the slide A' moves in again.
It will be understood that various modifications may be made in the machine
which all fall within the scope of our invention, for example, we sometimes provide
means for working the apparatus by manual power or treadles instead of by steam
power. The various folding devices may also be worked independently of each
other if desired. The machine can also be used for making a package box or
receptacle of cardboard which is closed except at the top, such receptacle being
after delivery from the machine filled and the closing completed by hand.
We do not confine ourselves as regards the relative proportions of the edges of
the parcel and the opening thereof may be on any of the six faces of the same.
Although we have herein described as the best method known to us of carrying
out our invention, a machine in which paper is fed from a roll and cut off to form
suitably sized sheets we do not confine ourselves in respect of these details which
are merely subsidiary parts of the machine and to which in this specification we
make no claim.
We may furthermore combine with the packing apparatus, devices for gumming
or pasting the last flap of the packet before the same is folded down and apparatus
for printing a suitable design on the side or top of the wrapped packet or upon the
paper before being folded, we do not, however, claim such devices as constituent
parts of our machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1. A parcel having its wrapper folded as herein described with reference either
to Figures 14 to 17 or to Figures 20 and 21 of the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 2. A packeting machine provided with means whereby the wrapper is folded
vertically on four sides substantially as shewn in Figure 15 or in Figure 20 so as
to form a receptacle open at the top in which loose material can be deposited.
3. The devices for folding the ends of the paper substantially as described with
reference to Figure 10 of the accompanying drawings.
4. The devices for folding the sides of the paper substantially as shewn in
Figure 11 of the accompanying drawings.
5. A machine for making parcels in which the sides of the wrapper are folded
by means of fixed pieces or plates, such as A, A, A, A, which engage with
said sides as the wrapper or partially made parcel is pushed down or along a
confining tube substantially as described.
Dated this 9th day of October 1896.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
322, High Holborn, London, W.C., Patent Agents for the Applicants.