A NEW OR IMPROVED MEANS OF FASTENING CRAVATS OR NECKTIES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and Foreign
Patent Offices, 18, Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "A NEW OR
IMPROVED MEANS OF FASTENING CRAVATS OR NECKTIES. A communication
from Léon Michaux, a person resident at Lille, France aforesaid, Sculptor.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1877.
HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 18,
Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent. "A NEW OR IMPROVED MEANS OF FASTENING CRAVATS
OR NECKTIES." A communication from Léon Michaux, of Lille, France aforesaid,
Sculptor.
This Invention consists in fixing on the necktie a metal or other piece, which
can, when desirable, be clasped to the button of the shirt collar, so as to unite one
with the other these three different articles, namely, the necktie, the shirt, and the
collar.
Hitherto the necktie has not been fastened to the shirt, or at most a pin has been
used in the particular case of 'stand-up' collars to prevent the inconvenience of the
slackening of the knot, but this is only an exception, and in any case an insufficient
precaution.
This Invention, especially as concerns the possibility of fastening the necktie to
the collar, has altered this state of things, as may be clearly seen by consulting the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In some cases the clasp, taking the form of a simple plate, is held between the
collar and the necktie, and kept in this position in consequence of the elasticity
of the cloths or stuffs when slightly compressed, which produces the effect of
a spring.
"
In other cases the clasp is coupled to hooks; in others it is combined with plates
of bent surface forming a spring, and intended to keep the component parts

page_text: fastened tightly together, as is besides shown in the side view X, in which it is
seen that the collar button before coming into its lodging-place m is forced to pass
over the point n, where the surfaces are brought nearer together; lastly, in others it
consists of a simple hollowed plate which allows of the easy introduction of the shirt
button, Fig. 1 to 9. These various combinations produce the happiest effects in 5
point of view of economy of this article of dress, and the more so because the neck-
tie being formed of two distinct pieces, viz., the neckband and the knot (which has
not been hitherto done), one or other of the two articles, or the two together, may
be used indifferently.
Having thus briefly described the nature of the said Invention, I will now 1
proceed to describe the same more particularly, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, showing various means of fastening arranged according to the
said Invention.
A is a neckband with clasp and scale of size; B, a neckband with eyelet hole and
scale of size; C, a fastening consisting of three pieces sewed to the inner side of the 1
necktie. Through the piece I. passes the band, which is stopped by the same at the
scale of size desired; the middle or main piece II. is fastened to the shirt button,
and the piece III, fastens the neckband. D is a fastening sewed with hinge and
clasp in one piece; E, the same, sewed with hinge and eylet in one piece; E is the
middle piece, side view; F is a fastening with hinge and clasp, in one piece, not i
sewed, with flaps to fold underneath the cloth; G, a fastening, not sewed, with
hinge and eylet in one piece, with flaps to fold underneath the cloth; H, a fastening
in three pieces, sewed like the fastening G; J, a fastening, sewed with hinge and
clasp in one or more pieces; K, the same, sewed with hinge and eylet in one
piece; L, the same, with hinge in one piece, not sewed, with one or more flaps to i
fold under; M, the same, with hinge and eylet in one piece, not sewed, with flaps
to fold under; N the same, without hinge or eylet, in two pieces, with flaps to
fold under; O is a shirt button, front view; P, the same, side view; Q is a fastening
in one single piece, sewed in four places; R, the same, in one single piece, sewed in
five places; S, the same, in one single piece, sewed in four places; T the same, in 3
one single piece, sewed in four places; U is a plate sewed, without being hooked on
to the button, and, besides, not being able to be hooked on to it, in order to allow
the necktie to remain independent of the shirt if desired; X are side views of a
piate rivetted on the main piate so as to act as a spring, the shirt button having
to be passed between two surfaces, one plain and the other bent, at the nearest point:
of the said surfaces.
Fig. 1 to 3, and 5 to 9, are samples of hollowed necktie plates (covered, or not)
for stand-up' and 'turn-down' collars, the latter especially being able to be used
with the crescent, Fig. 1, which, being sewed to the inner side of the cravat or neck-
tie, can be fixed very simply and conveniently without any neckband. Fig. 4 is
a clasp stitched into the inner fold of the cloth in order the prevent the ends from
wearing out.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine.
myself to the applications above enumerated, which are only given by way of
specimens, but what I claim is,-
1. The making up of a cravat or necktie in two or more distinct component
parts.
2. Any clasp or fastening whatever which should be made or arranged to unite
the necktie with the shirt collar by mechanical contrivances, either by using the
button of the shirt collar or plates, hollowed or not, catches or springs entering into
the stuff of the shirt or compressing the same, the said plates, catches, or springs
being able besides to be applied to other articles than neckties, as, for instance,
garters, cuffs, braces, belts.
3. All the kinds of clasps represented in the accompanying Drawings and all
others similar or analogous thereto, whatever may be besides the material used,

page_text: such as copper, wood, iron, gutta percha, and their dimensions, and whatever may
be also the different places of application, such as braces, belts, garters.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Second day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
H. BONNEVILLE. (L. 8.)