Improvements in Steam Generators.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 1st Jan., 1896-Accepted, 1st Feb., 1896
Improvements in Steam Generators.
I JOHN ARNOLD ASHLEY of 3 Edwin Street, Pallion, Sunderland, in the
County of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
My said invention relates to improvements in the construction and arrangement
of steam generators, the objects of the improvements being to facilitate rapid
evaporation, economical consumption of fuel, strength and simplicity of construction,
and ease of accessibility to the tubes, grate surfaces, plates and other internal
parts.
My improved generator is to a certain extent of the now well known sectional type
and in a simple example is composed of two main bodies one above the other and.
connected by tubes. The lower body which constitutes the fire box, consists of a
cylinder containing the furnace grate, and surrounded by a second concentric
cylinder, an annular water space being left between.
The inner cylinder containing the furnace grate is so attached to the outer
cylinder that the said inner cylinder can be readily disconnected and removed thus
greatly facilitating repairs. and cleansing.
The annular water space between the inner and outer cylinders is connected with
the dome cylinder above by a series of tubes, the water having free access to the
dome and vice versa. I also connect the lower part of the aforesaid annular
water space with the superposed dome cylinder by means of side tubes, the said
side tubes being preferably connected to the dome just below the water level. The
side tubes thus effect communication between the coldest portion of the water in
the annular space beneath and the hottest portion of the water in the dome above
and thus a brisk circulation is created downwards through the side tubes and upward
through the other series of connecting tubes. This brisk circulation has the effect
of causing more thorough and rapid evaporation and generation of steam. The
lower or fire box cylinder is mounted upon stands or stools or upon suitable
brickwork. The furnace door is at one end of the inner cylinder the other end
opening into a suitable flue or flues. The heated products of combustion after
leaving the fire box are led back through the series of water tubes, heating the
water therein and also imparting heat to the contents of the dome.
The smoke stack or box is placed at the front of the generator to lead away the
smoke and gases.
•
I do not however confine myself to any particular arrangement of boiler setting
or circulation of the smoke and hot gases, as such arrangements would in many
cases be governed by situation and circumstances.
A manhole door in the upper dome cylinder would permit access thereto, and the
aforesaid ready removal of the inner fire box cylinder would similarly allow of
entrance to the outer or water space cylinder so that both ends of the series of
connecting tubes could be got at when necessary to renew or repair the same.
This ready accessibility also renders the cleansing and scaling of the inside of
the generator an easy task.
Thus my improved boiler while possessing all of the advantages of a sectional
boiler has none of the corresponding disadvantages. The parts might be duplicated,

page_text: altered in form or otherwise varied in construction or arrangement without departing
from the spirit of my invention.
Dated this 5th day of & nail 1905
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators.
I JOHN ARNOLD ASHLEY of 3 Edwin Street, Pallion, Sunderland, in the
County of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
'ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:
My said invention relates to improvements in the construction and arrangement
of steam generators, the objects of the improvements being to facilitate rapid
evaporation, economical consumption of fuel, strength and simplicity of con-
struction, and ease of accessibility to the tubes, grate surfaces, plates and other
internal parts.
The annexed two sheets of drawings illustrate my invention clearly and will be
referred to in the following description.
Fig. 1. is a longitudinal vertical section of my improved generator.
Fig. 2. is a vertical cross section.
Fig. 3. is a vertical cross section of a modified form of my invention.
My improved generator is to a certain extent of the now well known sectional or
elephant types and the simple example shown on Sheet 1 is composed of two main
bodies a and b one above the other and connected by tubes c. The lower body
which also constitutes the fire box, consists of an inner cylinder d containing the
furnace grate e and surrounded by a second concentric cylinder an annular water
space being left between.
The inner cylinder d containing the furnace grate e is so attached to the outer
cylinder by means of the bolts g, g' that the said inner cylinder d can, by merely
removing the said bolts, be readily disconnected and removed, thus greatly
facilitating repairs and cleansing.
is
The annular water space f between the inner and outer cylinders b and
connected with the dome cylinder a above by a series of tubes c the water having
free access to the dome a and vice versa. I also connect the lower cylinder 6 with
the superposed dome cylinder a by means of any suitable number of side tubes i
the said side tubes being preferably connected to the dome a below the water
level. The side tubes i thus effect communication between the coldest portion of
the water in the annular space beneath and the hottest portion of the water which
is collected in the dome a above and thus by the difference of temperature and
density a brisk circulation is created downwards through the side tubes ii and
upward through the outer series of connecting tubes c.
This brisk circulation has the effect of causing more thorough and rapid
evaporation and generation of steam.
Plates may be fixed in the dome a to assist and regulate the circulation. The
lower or fire box cylinder d is mounted upon stands or stools or upon suitable
brickwork. The furnace door (not shown in the drawing) at one end of the
inner cylinder the other end opening into a suitable Alue or flues l. The heated
products of combustion after leaving the fire box and flue are led back through
the series of water tubes c heating the water therein and also imparting heat to the
contents of the two cylinders a and b.
The smoke stack or box m is placed at the front of the generator to lead away
the smoke and gases.
I do not however confine myself to any particular arrangement of boiler setting

page_text: or circulation of the smoke and hot gases, as such arrangements would in many-
cases be governed by situation and circumstances.
A manhole door n in the upper dome cylinder a would permit access thereto, and
the aforesaid ready removal of the inner fire box cylinder d would similarly allow
of entrance to the outer or water space cylinder so that both ends of the series of
connecting tubes c could be got at when necessary to renew or repair the same.
The tubes care of such a length that they can be easily drawn through into.
either the cylinder a or b.
This ready accessibility also renders the cleansing and scaling of the inside of
the generator an easy task.
Thus my improved boiler while possessing all of the advantages of a sectional
boiler has none of the corresponding disadvantages. The parts might be duplicated,
altered in form or otherwise varied in construction or arrangement without departing
from the spirit of my invention.
For example as д modification of my invention, Fig. 3. on Sheet 2..
illustrates my invention applied to 1 two flued boiler each flue d being-
contained in its cylinder b. The upper dome cylinder a is in this case
made of larger proportional capacity. Each of the cylinders b is connected by
tubes c with the dome cylinder a and also by means of the side tubes ii as already
described. In addition to these I might interpose a water pocket or space o-
between the cylinders bb and connected thereto by branches p p.
This 'water
pocket or space o communicates with the foot of the cylinder a.
and more diffused volume of circulation is set up and the efficiency of this type of
generator is increased. I might however use two flues in a single suitably.
enlarged lower cylinder 6 measures being taken in all cases to allow of the bodily
removal of the flues and contained furnace grates e so as to afford the facilities for
cleansing and repair inherent to my improved construction and as distinctly pointed.
out with reference to the figs. on Sheet of the drawings.
Thus a greater
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I.
claim is.
1. The general arrangement and construction of improved steam generator
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
2. In a steam generator of the indicated nature forming the lower generator
cylinder with a concentric internal flue containing the furnace grate and secured
therein in such a manner that the said internal fue can be readily removed and
replaced from and in the surrounding cylinder without disturbing the rest of the
generator, for the purposes of cleansing and repairs substantially as described and
shown.
3. The improved steam generator consisting of an upper cylinder and a lower-
cylinder, connected together by water tubes or conduits such as the tubes c and
the pipes i so as to promote circulation, the lower cylinder having an interior
concentric flue leaving an annular water space in the said lower cylinder and
containing the furnace grate and capable of being easily removed and replaced,.
by the means, for the purposes and substantially as hereinbefore described and
shown.
4. The modified form of my improved steam generator substantially as.
described and as illustrated on Sheet 2 of the drawings.
Dated the 31st day of December 1895.