matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE MAGNETS FOR CUBATIVE AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Darlow at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd May
1872.
I, WILLIAM DARLOW, of North Woolwich Road, Canning Town, in
the County of Essex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE MAGNETS FOR CUBATIVE
AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture and
application of portable magnets in the form of magnetized strips, plates,
or particles of steel (or magnetizable substances) or chains, wires, or
other parts, suitably arranged and combined with india-rubber, gutta
percha, or with gummy, glutinous, resinous, or bitumenous substances.
Magnets or magnetizable substances of this character according to
my improvements may be woven, plaited, knitted, or otherwise made up
into fabrics, or be inserted, attached to, imbedded in, or be otherwise
combined with woven or other fabrics or materials to serve as a velical
for holding or carrying this magnetic property, the fabrics or substances
thus prepared being afterwards made up into belts, bandages, articles of

page_text: dress, or other appliances adapted to the human body or to animals for
the restoration and preservation of health, or for curative and other
beneficial and useful purpose. Or the portable magnets or magnetized
fabrics, materials, or substances made in accordance with my im-
provements may be made up into baths, or be employed in making up
surfaces for sitting or reclining upon.
Harness, horese-cloths, or other appliances for animals may also be made
of my improved portable magnets in the form of magnetic or magnetized
fabrics or materials.
According to another part of my improvements I make personal
ornaments, such as broochs, pendants, rings, chains, or other articles
of magnetic or magnetizable compounds or substances of the character
previously described, and when made of india-rubber and plates or
particles of steel or other magnetizable substances combined, such
articles may be converted into vulcanite as is well understood,
which substance may be afterwards rendered magnetic in the ordinary
manner.
According to another part of my improvements I apply magnetic
compounds, such as above described, to agricultural and horticultural
purposes in order to promote the growth of plants; and in carrying out
this part of my improvements I prefer to combine the particles of steel
or other magnetizable substances with sawdust, or the woody refuse
derived from cocoa-nut husks, or with manure, soil, or other substances,
such magnetized materials being applied by preference in small or
suitable quantities to the roots of trees, plants, or vegetables, or to corn
or seeds to promote the growth thereof.
The magnetization of the steel portions, particles, or magnetizable
substances employed in accordance with my improvements is effected by
an excited electro-magnets, or by the well-known method of magnetiza-
tion by means of horse-shoe or bar magnets.
AN IMPROVED VEHICLE FOR PAINTING
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th May 1872.-A communication from abroad by Emmett
Densmore, of the City and State of New York, United States of
America.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED VEHICLE FOR PAINTING,"
(a communication), to be as follows:―
The said Invention consists in a composition the constituent parts of
which are petroleum, rosin, tallow or lard, and linseed oil, in about the
proportions of forty gallons of petroleum oil, twenty pounds of refined
tallow or lard, six gallons of linseed oil, and from one hundred to one
hundred and twenty pounds of refined rosin.
A NEW OR IMPROVED ADVERTIZING APPARATUS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Eacott at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
June 1872. A communication from abroad by George Wilson, of
Paris, France.
I, WILLIAM EACOTT, of Featherstone Buildings, Holborn, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW OR IMPROVED ADVERTIZING APPARATUS," a communication to
me from abroad by George Wilson, of Paris, France, to be as follows:-
The apparatus the subject of this Invention consists of a disk, plate,
or covered frame, of any shape, and of wood, metal, or any suitable
material, or combination of materials, carried on a pin or axle set loosely
in a ring suitably shaped to embrace the nave of the wheel of a cab,
omnibus, or any kind of wheeled vehicle, said ring being fixed on the
The disk, plate, or
nave by the aid of press screws or otherwisc.
covered frame must be of less diameter than the wheel upon which it is
to be applied, and should be sufficiently so to lie within the circum-
ference of the felly, in order that it may be protected thereby, it must

page_text: however be set on the nave so as not to be touched by felly or spokes
in the revolution of the wheel, and in order to keep it steady it is
weighted at that part which is always to be undermost.
The use of a ring with press screws permits the disk, plate, or covered
frame to be fixed to the nave of the wheel without any alteration
whatever of said nave, but many ordinary mechanical devices might be
adopted to secure the disk, plate, or covered frame upon the nave in
such a manner that it shall not accompany the wheel in its revolutions.
That face of the disk, plate, or covered frame which is to be outward
when it is set upon the nave of a wheel, will carry advertisements
painted, pasted, or otherwise applied upon it in any desired combination
or arrangement, and as the surface upon which they are carried does
not rotate with the wheel they may be distinctly seen or read if the
print or design be large, even while the vehicle is travelling, and no
matter what point of the wheel's circumference is touching the ground:
when the vehicle stops.
The advantage of a perambulating apparatus as above described will
be self evident as it gives that greatest possible amount of publicity which
is the aim of all advertizers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TANNING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Lambert de Montoison
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 2nd January 1872.
I, JOSEPH LAMBERT DE MONTOISON, of Lille, France, at present of
123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TANNING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED
THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
I arrange any suitable number of pits (according to the nature of the
skins to be tanned), one after another at a convenient height from the
ground, each pit communicating with the adjoining one by means of
openings near the top; inlet or outlet pipes are also supplied as required.
At a convenient position in each pit is mounted in suitable bearings a
revolving axle furnished with arms or paddles, and the whole of these
axles are connected by gearing with a shaft running along the series of
pits, which shaft is revolved by suitable motive power during the whole
tanning process, and the liquor in the pits, together with the skins
therein, are thus always in a state of agitation.

page_text: To the so-called "tannin" or matters employed for tanning I apply
boiling water and a convenient amount of sulphuric acid, and place the
whole in the first pit, from whence the liquor passes to the other pits,
becoming in each successive pit weaker and weaker.
The skins to be tanned are first placed in the end pit containing the
weakest liquid, and after remaining therein for a period determined by
their size and description (say from twenty-four hours upwards), they
are transferred to the other pits, remaining in each succeeding one for
a like period. When they are completely tanned they are taken from
the last pit, and are then far tougher and stronger, whatever their
description, than if tanned in the ordinary manner.
A NEW OR IMPROVED ARTIFICIAL FUEL
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Maccallum, of Dunfermline, in the County
of Fife, North Britain, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED
ARTIFICIAL FUEL."
Sealed the 8th April 1873, and dated the 15th October 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Maccallum at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 15th October 1872.
I, PETER MACCALLUM, of Dunfermline, in the County of Fife, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "A
NEW OR IMPROVED ARTIFICIAL FUEL," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention which relates to a new or improved artificial fuel,
has for its object to substitute the same for coal. The Invention consists
in combining together decayed mould, coal dross, and gas works refuse,
as the materials of which the said fuel is constituted. The decayed
mould is reduced to mud or pulp into which the coal dross is mixed

page_text: in the proportion of about four parts of mould to one part of coal
dross by bulk, together with one-fifth part of gasworks refuse. These
several ingredients are commingled in a pug mill, after which they are
compressed into blocks of any required shape or size. The blocks
may then, if required, be dried by artificial heat or by exposure to the
Cun
in the proportion of about four parts of mould to one part of coal
dross by bulk, together with one-fifth part of gasworks refuse. These
several ingredients are commingled in a pug mill, after which they are
compressed into blocks of any required shape or size. The blocks
may then, if required, be dried by artificial heat or by exposure to the
In placo of using all the three ingredients herein-before mentioned,
the gasworks refuse may be omitted, in which case the fuel is composed
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR REGULATING THE SPEED OF STEAK ENGINES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Colin Houston at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
September 1872.
I, COLIN HOUSTON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR REGULATING THE SPEED OF STEAK
ENGINES," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object to obtain simplicity with sensitive-
ness and certainty in appliances for regulating the speed of steam
engines, and consists in connecting the moving sleeve of an ordinary
centrifugal governor or the corresponding part of any other known steam
engine governor to a straight or segmental rack which is in gear with a
pinion on the rod of a cut-off valve, such valve being of the kind com-
prising a pair of plates working on the back of a slide valve, and
adjustable towards or from each other by right-handed and left-handed
screw threads on the rod. With this arrangement the corrective action
of the governor takes effect in the most simple and direct way without
wiredrawing the steam as is done when the governor acts on a common
throttle valve.

page_text: Any change in the speed makes the governor act instantly on the
rack, and this by turning the valve rod screws the cut-off plates further
from or nearer to each other so as to make the point of cut-off sooner or
later in the stroke.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FULLING OR MILLING AND WASHING WOOLLEN AND OTHER WOVEN OR FELTED FABRICS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Dixon Asquith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd January 1872.
I, JAMES DIXON ASQUITH, of Morley, near Leeds, in the County of
York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FULLING OR MILLING AND WASHING WOOLLEN AND OTHER
WOVEN OR FELTED FABRICS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to certain novel arrangements whereby I obtain
a machine capable of not only fulling or milling woollen or other woven
or felted fabrics, but also the washing operation may be performed in a
quicker and more superior manner, requiring also much less power to
drive it than machines of ordinary construction.
Between suitable framework I by preference mount two pairs of
rollers horizontally and side by side. The two bottom rollers are fitted
on to one shaft. The shaft or shafts carrying the upper rollers of each
pair is or are mounted in sliding or adjustable bearings so that the
rollers may rise or fall as the thickness of the material operated upon
may require when passing between. Pressure may be given to these

page_text: rollers by levers and weights or other suitable known mechanical
means.
In front of each pair of rollers I mount in suitable bearings, by
preference vertically, a pair of guide rollers for the purpose of con-
ducting the material between the aforesaid rollers and also for milling
purposes.
One roller of each pair of the vertical guide rollers is mounted in
adjustable bearings so as to compensate for the varying thickness of the
material as it passes between them. The required pressure is given to
cach adjustable guide roller by levers and weights or other known
mechanical means. By this arrangement of vertical guide rollers the
"throats" used for conducting the material are dispensed with and a
much better effect produced.
When used for the washing operation troughs of ordinary construction
are emploved under the rollers.
AN IMPROVED ROTARY PLOUGH
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Aldersley Wood, of Barnsley, Yorkshire,
Gentleman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED ROTARY PLOUGH."
Sealed the 12th November 1872, and dated the 20th September 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Aldersley Wood
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 20th September 1872.
I, JOHN ALDERSLEY WOOD, of Barnsley, Yorkshire, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
ROTARY PLOUGH," to be as follows :-
My Invention of an improved rotary plough consists of a barrel,
drum, or cylinder in which are inserted a number of spades, spuds,
picks, or similar instruments for entering and lifting the soil and for
turning and disintegrating it; this barrel, drum, or cylinder is to

page_text: be placed under and attached to the axle or axletree of a portable
locomotive engine in order that the weight of the engine may serve to
cause the penetrating and cutting instruments in the barrel, drum, or
cylinder to enter the soil deeper and more effectively than is done by any
steam plough now used.
IMPROVED MECHANISM FOR INDICATING AND RECORDING THE SPEED OF RAILWAY TRAINS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Gair How at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his. Petition, on the 25th
June 1872.
I, ROBERT GAIR How, of Carshalton, in the County of Surrey,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
MECHANISM FOR INDICATING AND RECORDING THE SPEED OF RAILWAY TRAINS," to
be as follows:-
My Invention consists in mechanism for indicating the speed of
railway trains operated by the rotation of a wheel axle, the velocity
being ascertained by the centrifugal action of a pair of balls similar
to an ordinary steam engine governor operating an index hand, as
hereafter described.
°
In carrying out my Invention these balls are mounted on a vertical
shaft carried beneath a carriage (the guard's van for instance) and
driven from one of the axles by bevel and spur gearing, by which the
revolution of the balls is suitably diminished to allow of their gravitating
and centrifugal forces counteracting one another with nearly equal effect.
The sliding collar to which the balls are connected communicates

page_text: through a lever and rod with an index hand working on a dial in the
carriage, a pinion on the axis of the index gearing with rack teeth on the
rod, so that the up-and-down movements of the sliding collar produced.
by the varying distance of the balls from their centre of rotation are
indicated by the hand on a dial suitably graduated. This hand may be !
caused to move another hand to show the maximum speed of the train,
which may be farther recorded by a pencil carried by the hand on a
paper dial applied to the said dial.
A NEW AND IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR BALANCING DOG CARTS AND OTHER TWO-WHEEL VEHICLES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Inwood at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd June
1872.
I, THOMAS INWOOD, Coach Builder, Alma Works, St. Albans, Hertford,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW AND
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR BALANCING DOG CARTS AND OTHER TWO-WHEEL VEHICLES,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide an apparatus for balancing
all two-wheel vehicles so as to reduce the weight or strain on the horse
or other draught animal while ascending or decending a hill.
For this purpose according to my Invention I fix to the body of the
vehicle or vehicles bearings or supports holding or carrying a cog wheel,
a crescent cog wheel, or the whole or part of a cog wheel, which is turned
by means of an endless screw which is caused to rotate by turning a
handle. To this crescent cog-wheel, or the whole or part of a cog-wheel is
is attached a bar or rod of iron or other metal, wood, or other substance.

page_text: my said Invention, the arrangement & combination of apparatus con-
structed & applied substantially as herein-before described, whereby
the body of the vehicle of whatever kind is caused to travel or move
over or upon the under carriage of such vehicle after the manner herein
set forth.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAIN TRAPS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josiah Latimer Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th January 1872.
•
I, JOSIAH LATIMER CLARK, of No. 5, Westminster Chambers, Victoria
Street, in the City of Westminster, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAIN TRAPS," to be as follows:-
:-
The object of my Invention is so to construct a drain trap that the
sewer gases cannot flow back through it into the house connected with
the drain; this I do by providing in connection with the trap an escape
passage into which the gases pass when their pressure is such 'as to
enable them to overcome the water seal of the trap. This passage gives
a free escape to the gases either into an air pipe leading to the top of
the house or into the open air, where it is not likely to cause incon-
venience, as the escape occurs but rarely, that is to say, only when the
gases have accumulated to a considerable pressure in the drain.
The gas escape passage is in connection with a centre chamber with
which the trap is provided, and there is a water scal on either side of

page_text: this chamber, so that the trap consists of two ordinary traps with an
intervening air chamber and pipe for leading off any sewer gas that may
pass the first trap.
The trap may be made in earthenware in one piece, or it may be made
in two or more pieces fitted the one to the other; it may also be made
in cast iron or other material.
AN IMPROVED HOLDER FOR SCRUBBING BRUSHES AND OTHER SIMILAR IMPLEMENTS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Haseltine at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
August 1872.-A communication from abroad by Alfred Frederick
Osborn, of the City and State of New York, United States of
America.
I,-GEORGE HASELTINE, of the "International Patent Office," South-.
ampton Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED HOLDER FOR SCRUBBING BRUSHES AND
OTHER SIMILAR IMPLEMENTS," a communication, to be as follows:-
The said Invention relates to a novel and simple apparatus for
holding-scrubbing brushes, mops, and the like in such a manner that
the same may be used without soiling the hands or dress. It will be
found particularly useful for scrubbing floors, cleaning windows, blinds,
and cornices, for sweeping carpets, washing oilcloth, whitewashing
ceilings, and for other similar purposes.
The said apparatus is constructed as follows:-A frame of tinned or
galvanized iron wire, or other suitable metal is attached-to-a screw collar
or nut which is fitted upon a coarse screw of tinned iron or other

page_text: suitable metal fixed on the end of a wooden rod or handle, the said
frame is attached to the nut or collar by its ends, which are hooked into
lugs formed on the said nut; the sides of the frame are inclined
outward from the nut, and at the front or outside they are bent-
downward and connected, by a cross bar. To the end of the aforesaid t
screw I attach a slotted cross bar also made of tinned iron or other
suitable metal, through which the sides of the frame extend. This
cross bar has on one side a projecting hook or catch:
The scrubbing brush, or any other brush, or implement which has a
back or stock, is placed between the cross bar of the frame and the 1
said hook, and by turning the handle in the aforesaid screw collar or
nut, the frame will be compressed upon the brush stock or back, and
The said brush is readily
the same will be made tight in the holder.
released when desired by unscrewing the said collar or nut. Loose
'cloths, flannels, or the like, are secured in the holder by inserting them
between. the frame and the slotted bar, and making the frame, tight by
turning the handle in the ṇut as above described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS FITTINGS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Swain at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th May
1872.
I, SAMUEL SWAIN, of Bradford, in the County of York, Mechanical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS FITTINGS," to be as follows:-
:-
This Invention relates to the construction of improved joints in con-
nection with the pendant or other moveable lamps employed to illu-
minate shop fronts and the exterior of buildings. Heretofore such
joints have consisted of a taper stopper, or plug joint, the taper part
being received within the conical portion of the joint, but it is found
that the constant removal of the lamps soon destroys the joint so as to
cause loss of gas through leakage. Now my improvements consist in
constructing such joints with a dish or other receptacle cast round the
plug or the socket, in which dish is deposited mercury. Attached to the
"head" of the plug or socket is a ring or tube, the lower portion of
which dips into the mercury contained in the dish above referred to and

page_text: so forms a perfectly tight joint or "trap," preventing the escape of gas
when the stopper or plug is faulty.
0
When the lamp is removed, a small cap or cover is placed over the
socket and the receptacle containing the mercury, to prevent rain or
dust lodging therein.
A NEW OR IMPROVED SYSTEM OF HYGIENIC ELASTIC SPRING BED OR MATTRESS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14
2nd April 1872. A communication from abroad by Henry Horde,
of 37, Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle, Paris, France, Joiner.
1
Tor
"
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED SYSTEM OF HYGIENIC
ELASTIC SPRING BED OR MATTRESS," a communication to me from abroad
by Henry Hordé, of 37; Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle, Paris, France,
Joiner, to be as follows:-
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The problem solved by this Invention is the production of a spring
bed or mattress, very elastic, very light, very strong, and very cheap,
this quintuple aim being attained by employing mainly, first quality
rolled steel, that is to say, a steel similar in beauty and quality to the
steel employed for clock springs. Rolled steel is used for the foundation
as well as the springs of the matress, and the use of this material is the
main characteristic of this Invention, the arrangement of the springs,
whether shaped or spiral being optional.

page_text: It should be observed that the springs enclose within their greatest
diameter two other springs of smaller diameter, which consequently
serve to support a heavier weight, without injury to the elasticity, so
that the heaviest person finds his place as well as the lightest, even to
the shape of his body, from whence it follows that by the aid of these 5
springs an infant is supported with the same flexibility as a heavier
DESCRIPTION.
The veritable hygienic and elastic spring mattress may be constructed
in two ways, without in any way departing from the principle of this 1
Invention, which consists in using for its main parts rolled steel of first
quality.
The system represented, Sheet I. of the accompanying two Sheets of
Drawing, consists of a mattress entirely of steel, fitted upon five wooden
bars receiving the ○ shaped springs of tempered rolled steel. Upon 1
these shaped springs are placed longitudinal steel plates, riveted and
united by other transverse plates.
The system represented, Sheet II., is the old spiral spring mattress
fitted on the same framing as the first and having the same covering.
The spirals are countersunk at the top and pierced so that the longi- 2
tudinal and transverse steel plates may be riveted to them in such a
manner that the whole may be covered with a ticking, which may be
readily changed like a chair cover, and thus insects will find no place
of refuge in this kind of mattress.
The mattress, Sheet I., affords all the advantages of the mattress
illustrated, Sheet II.; they differ only in the arrangement of the springs,
which is simply a detail, and does not in any way affect this improved
system.
A NEW DESCRIPTION OF COVERING FOR FLOORS, WITH DESIGNS OB- -PATTERNS OF GREAT DURABILITY
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Fletcher Hulme and
George Hulme at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 5th February 1872.
'
SAMUEL FLETCHER HULME, Decorator, and GEORGE HULME,
Decorator, both of 18, Jordangate, Macclesfield, in the County of
Chester, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
NEW DESCRIPTION OF COVERING FOR FLOORS, WITH DESIGNS OB- -PATTERNS OF GREAT
DURABILITY," to be as follows:-
The object of our Invention is to produce a washable covering for
floors possessing great durability, with patterns either partially or
entirely sunk into and through the same, and consists in treating felted
cloth with an oily composition as follows:-We take felted cloth such
as is used for carpeting, and impregnate it with an oily composition,
by preferance, linseed oil (boiled untill it has begun to acquire a
glutinous consistancy), in combination with substances such as "white
lead, red lead, whiting, or the like, with sufficient pigments to give the
colours required. We also add to the composition a little turpentine
or petroleum, which assists the composition to penetrate more com-
pletely into the cloth.

page_text: If we desire the cloth to be very flexible we add a little india-rubber
dissolved in any suitable solvent to the composition. Also oil skins
or resin may be dissolved and mixed with the composition, but we
prefer to use it without. The oil may be used without boiling, but a
better result is obtained by useing it when boiled, as the cohesiveness
and adhesiveness of the cloth and composition is thereby increased.
In order to have the patterns sunk into the cloth, we apply the
composition coloured according to the colours that may compose the
pattern or design to the cloth by means of printing blocks having their
surfaces covered with soft felt; by this means a good body of com-
position may be applied, which is absorbed by and sinks into the cloth.
If the pattern is desired to be completely through the cloth, it is
printed upon both sides, care being taken that the printing on one side
is opposite the printing on the other, to effect which we make small
holes through the cloth at different points of the pattern. The cloth
is then placed in a heated room, and when sufficiently dry the surface
is smoothed down, and then if desired may be oiled or varnished over,
or may have a second printing when a very good finish is desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE AND ECONOMIZING FUEL
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Newton and William
Price at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 12th August 1872.
We, JAMES NEWTON, of New Wortley, in the Borough of Leeds, in
the County of York, Flour Mill Manager, and WILLIAM PRICE, of
Hunslet, in the Borough of Leeds aforesaid, Mechanic, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF
AND APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE AND ECONOMIZING FUEL," to be as
follows:
The object of this Invention is to effect the total or partial consump-
tion of smoke and gases arising and produced in furnaces or fire-places
used in manufactories, warehouses, shops, or dwelling-houses. This
effected by causing the smoke and gases to be driven from the flue back
again through the fire or fires or burning masses, and there reburnt,
consumed, or partially or wholly reburnt or consumed. To this end
flues, pipes, or conductors of brick, stone, iron, or earthen or other
materials of any other suitable kind are adapted to the ordinary flue of
the furnace or fire-place, and the smoke or gases are drawn into thei

page_text: additional flue or flucs, and forced again on to or in contact with the
ignited fuel.
By thus effectually burning all the combustible matters and gases a
great saving in the coal or other fuel is obtained at the same time that
the smoke, sulphur, and other vapours and nuisances emitted from
chemical and other works which might adopt the Invention will be
abated.
The return flues having been conveniently arranged according to the
position and construction of the furnace a rotary exhausting fan is
adapted to the end of the flue so that it will draw off the combustible
gases and smoke from the furnace flue and force them back into the
ash-pit of the furnace or fire-place again, thus keeping up a sufficient
draught to consume the fuel.
In carrying out our Invention we make use of a small donkey engine
fixed on the boiler or on suitable masonry to drive the exhaust fan, but
if other
power is available it may be used instead of the small engine.
The return flue is also connected with the chimney, so that in the
event of any derangement of the smoke-consuming apparatus the
furnace or fire-place may be made to act in the usual manner, for which
purpose the fluc is provided with a damper to open and close the
communication with the chimney at pleasure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MULE INDICATORS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Henry Middleton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th December 1872.
I, ROBERT HENRY MIDDLETON, of Oldham, in the County of
Lancaster, Mill Furnisher, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MULE INDICATORS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, firstly, in a method of giving motion to mule
indicators whereby the gearing employed for that purpose is simplified;
and, secondly, in an arrangement whereby the quantity of yarn spun by
the mule in any desired time may be ascertained.
The arrangements are as follows:-Upon the ordinary cam shaft is a
worm which gears into a wheel carried by the indicator, and upon the
axis of this is a pinion driving a spur wheel which gives motion to one
of the hands. Upon the above mentioned wheel is a pin which drives
a "star wheel," the axis of which carries a pinion gearing into a wheel
which drives the other hand.

page_text: For the second part of my Invention I adapt two extra hands to the
dial moved by the ordinary hands by a spring connexion, and they can
therefore be moved independently to any required starting point, and
at any required period it may be seen what quantity of work has been
produced in a given time.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUB- STANCES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Bernoulli Barlow at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th February 1872.-A communication from abroad by Charles
Emile Rousseau, junior, and Ferdinand Cochard, both of Paris,
France.
66
I, HENRY BERNOULLI BARLOW, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUB-
STANCES," being a communication to me from abroad by Charles Emile
Rousseau, junior, and Ferdinand Cochard, both of Paris, France, to be
as follows:-
This Invention consists in the use of the soluble salts of lime or
lime water for preserving animal and vegetable substances. The two
salts used by preference are the acetate and bi-carbonate of lime, but
the bi-sulphate or other salts or lime water may be used.
As the salts act on the organic tissues, those which are not injurious
to health and have little or no taste should be used. The acetate
of lime possesses these properties. The substances to be preserved
are immersed from 4 to 12 hours, or more or less, in a solution of

page_text: from 2 to 6 parts of acetate of lime to 100 parts of water; the
strength of the solution and the time of immersion depend on the size
and nature of the meat, fish, or other substances to be operated upon.
Skins are immersed in the same manner, but the solution may be injected
into game or other animals, and for anatomical purposes.
After the immersion the substances are taken out of the solution, and
the excess of the solution is allowed to run off, they are then hung up
in the air or in a stove, and when dry they will keep fresh for any
length of time. Substances thus preserved do not require to be kept
in air-tight vessels, but may be stored in casks or otherwise.
Previous to cooking meat or other substances thus prepared they
should be steeped in cold water for about 12 hours.
This Invention is also applicable for embalming human bodies.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION OR MOTIVE POWER TO VARIABLE DISTANCES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition; on
the 29th January 1872.-A communication from abroad by Jean
Baptiste Marie Prosper Closson, of Paris, in the Republic of
France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION OR MOTIVE POWER TO VARIABLE
DISTANCES," to be as follows:-
The ordinary method of transmitting motion or motive power from
motive-power engines to machines required to be driven is either by
means of rigid rods or by driving bands extending from the prime motor
to the machine to be actuated. Such being the case it will be under-
stood that when the connection is once established there is no possibility
of varying, that is, increasing or diminishing the distance between the
driver and the machine to be driven.
It is the object of the present Invention to substitute for the usual
driving bands or rods another transmitting agent which will admit of
:

page_text: ป
the distance between the driver and the machine to be driven being
varied at pleasure. The agent employed for this purpose is either a
If a
liquid such as water or a fluid such as compressed air or gas.
rotary motion be required it may be obtained by means of two rotary
pumps, one of which may be stationary and the other moveable and
connected together by a flexible tube. Upon communicating motion
to one of these pumps the liquid will be driven along the flexible tube
to the other pump, which will be actuated thereby, and will thus set in
motion the machine to which such second pump may be adapted.
India-rubber or other hose capable of resisting the internal pressure to
which it will be subjected will serve as a means of communication
between the two pumps, but for some purposes metal tubes with flexible
joints may be advantageouly employed.
If a reciprocating motion be required this may be obtained by the
use of straight cylinders provided with reciprocating pistons like
ordinary pumps instead of the rotary pumps, the flexible connections
being the same in either case.
Instead of a liquid such as water, compressed air may be employed
, and the power exerted thereby will be found sufficient for driving
various machines which do not require great power.
AN APPARATUS FOR OPENING AND CLOSING THE HEADS OP LANDAUS, BAROUCHES, AND OTHER OPEN CARRIAGES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Utber Burt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th November 1872.
I, JOHN UTBER BURT, of Willow Row, Goswell Road, in the
County of Middlesex, Coachmaker, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN APPARATUS FOR OPENING AND CLOSING THE HEADS
OP LANDAUS, BAROUCHES, AND OTHER OPEN CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in an arrangement of apparatus whereby the
heads of carriages may be opened or closed from the inside, the required
movement being obtained by means of a curved steel spring fixed to the
elbow of the carriage body and acting in connection with the eccentric
or lever movement fixed to the pillar joints.
I fix one end of the curved steel spring to the elbow of the carriage
body, the other end of the spring acting as a lever upon the bottom
pillar joint, from the centre of which a small wheel projects; this revolves
on the end of the curved spring as the head is raised or lowered; I

page_text: connect the head prop to which the upper part of the joint is fixed with
the pillar by means of a small lever connected with a joint which when
the head is lifted causes the top part to rise or fall at will. It also acts
upon the outside joint which is made in the ordinary manner to fall in
its proper place, opening inwards.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOKS FOR PLAIN WEAVING
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Ingham at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th April
1872.
I, JOHN INGHAM, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOKS FOR PLAIN WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to dispense with the ordinary healds or
heddles used in looms, and thus to effect a saving in wear and tear in
weaving operations, and consists in substituting an horizontal metallic
rod suspended from the ordinary heald roller, and over which rod half
the warp passes, this rod carries a frame in which one or two of the
ordinary shafts or staves (to which the heddles are usually secured) are
fixed, parallel to but at a lower level than the horizontal rod herein-
before mentioned, in order that the warp passing over such rod may be
drawn down at an angle in its course by passing through loops secured
to such staves or shafts. The other half of the warp is simply passed
between two parallel horizontal rods which are secured close together in
a suitable frame suspended from the ordinary heald roller herein-before
mentioned.

page_text: The action of this shedding motion is obtained by the usual tappet
levers which are connected to such horizontal rods, and the one half of
the warp being always bent at an angle in its course, as herein-before
described, ensures the shed being fully opened for the passage of the
shuttle whether the one half of the warp or the other is uppermost.
Ax IMPROVEMENT IN HORSE-HOES AND DRILLS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Maynard at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th April
1872.
I, ROBERT MAYNARD, of Whittlesford, in the County of Cambridge,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Ax IMPROVEMENT
IN HORSE-HOES AND DRILLS," to be as follows :—
This improvement consists in using in a horse-hoe steering wheels
so attached as to turn horizontally, each on its own centre, instead of
as heretofore on a centre placed midway between two steering wheels
on an axle common to both of them. Each wheel being actuated by a
lever affixed to an upright centre pin, which carries an arm on which
the wheel revolves, or by a rod or wheel connected to the arm, or to
a plate or part carrying it, or by like means being caused to turn
horizontally, is thus made to diverge from or keep in the line of draught
more easily.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE USED IN FRAMES FOR WINDING LINEN OR OTHER YARNS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Kirby at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
June 1872.
I, JOSEPH KIRBY, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE USED IN FRAMES FOR WINDING LINEN OR OTHER
YARNS," to be as follows:-
This Invention is intended principally to be applied to frames used
for winding linen or other yarn on to pirns,, but it may also be applied.
to other frames for winding yarns from the hank, bobbin, or cop.
The object of the Invention is to give a certain amount of tension.
to the yarn to prevent it from, becoming slack as it is wound, and
thus to produce a hard and firm pirn or bobbin, which is very desirable
in winding.
The Invention consists.in. the construction and application of a small
drag or tension apparatus, through which each yarn passes on its way

page_text: to the pirn or bobbin on to which it is to be wound, which keeps the
yarn always at an even tension, and is constructed as follows:
Each drag or tension apparatus consists of a short vertical spindle,
capable of revolving. in a brass or other bush, and having fixed at its
upper end a disc or plate from which project two, three, or more pins. 5
A spring (or a small cord and weight) is so connected to the disc as to
give it a constant tendency to revolve in one direction.
In commencing the winding operation the attendant turns the diso
round by hand against the pressure of the spring or weight and then
passes the yarn between the pins. Upon releasing the disc the spring 1
or weight turns it partially round in the reverse direction, causing the
pins to take up the slack of the yarn and give a certain definite amount
of tension to it as it passes through, and by thus keeping the drag on
the yarn uniform a hard and even pirn or bobbin is produced.
It will of course be evident that the spindle carrying the disc may 1
be mounted in a horizontal or other position, instead of vertically if
preferred.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SIZING AND VARNISHING HEALDS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Whitham Bretherick at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 14th June 1872.
I, JOHN WHITHAM BRETHERICK, of Over Darwen, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer and Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SIZING
AND VARNISHING HEALDS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-.
The object of this Invention is the construction of mechanism or
apparatus for the above purpose, which will effectually perform both the
sizing and varnishing processes, and admits of the ready removal of the
brushes employed for cleansing or renewing the same.
In constructing such machinery or apparatus according to this my
Invention the end frames support a first or prime moving shaft extending
from end to end of the machine. On the said shaft at suitable positions
are a number of bosses having arms thereon, to which the brushes are
attached by bolts or screws. At one end of the shaft above mentioned
are driving pulleys (herein-after referred to); on the other end of the said
shaft is a pinion wheel gearing with a wheel fixed on a second shaft
on which are two eccentrics, one at each end. These eccentrics at each

page_text: revolution of the shaft act on a bowl placed on a pin or stud attached
to a casting or bearing for carrying the heald rails supported by and
working on cross shafts, the eccentric moving the heald bearing rails
and healds inward. A balance weight will, on the eccentrics passing
over their greatest throw, draw the bearing rails and healds the reverse
way through the machine and between the brushes, and so a "to-and-fro"
or traverse motion of the healds is maintained, and they are thus
exposed to the action of the brushes as long as may be desirable. An
upper shaft carrying brushes secured to the arms of bosses as above
described receives its rotary motion from a pinion thereon gearing with
a stud wheel actuated by the wheels above referred to.
The bristles of the brushes are arranged in parallel lines, and those of
one brush intersect or enter the spaces between the bristles of the
other brush, and this arrangement admits the heald staves being passed
between the brushes, the size or varnish being supplied in the ordinary ||
manner. The stretching rail works within clips or guides, so that
inequality of pressure by the springs will not lock or bind the rail should
it not move parallel to or with the fixed rail. On the driving shaft are
ordinary fast and loose pulleys, also a third pulley fast thereon, so that
when the strap fork transfers the strap from fast to loose pulley a break
is at the same time applied to the third or break pulley, and the motion
of the machine is at once arrested.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN PINCUSHIONS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Samuel Burton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 5th November 1872.
I, GEORGE SAmuel Burton, of St. John Street, Clerkenwell, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN PINCUSHIONS," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is the formation of a pincushion in such
a manner that the pins may be presented to the fingers for withdrawal
with greater facility than hitherto.
I purpose to apply to the top, or top and bottom, or on any or every
side of the body of the pincushion a cover or covers made of metal or
any other suitable material, and perforated so that the pin may pass
through into the pad or knot forming the cushion, the head of each pin
resting on the cover.
When it is desired to withdraw one or more pins, one or other of the
covers is raised, carrying the pins up with it until arrested by a stop; the
cover is then pressed down again, or when released is brought back by a
spring on to the body of the cushion, the pins remaining projecting so

page_text: as to be easily withdrawn by the fingers. When the pincushion is not
in use the projecting pins are simply pressed down by the hand or by
another cover on to the closed cover.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawing Figure 1 represents front
and side views of a pocket pincushion embodying my Invention as the
same will appear when closed to be placed in the pocket; Figure 2 is a
section through the same showing hinged covers raised to bring pins out
of the pad to the regulated height; and Figure 3 is an elevation of same
shewing pins presented for withdrawal by the fingers.
A indicates the box or case to which are attached the hinged covers 1
B, C, D, E, are two stops to prevent the covers being raised too high; F,
cloth, paper, or other soft material forming the pad; G, G, the pins.
The flat shape shewn in the Drawing will be found very suitable for
the waistcoat pocket, but it will evident that my arrangement of
moveable cover for presenting the pins to the hand is equally applicable 1
to pincushions of almost any form whether for the pocket or for the
work table.