matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED ANTI-HEMORRHOIDAL APPARATUS OR ANTI- HEMORRHOIDAL PLATE."
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to François Dupuy, of Bayonne, and of No. 37,
Boulevard Bonne Nouvelle, Paris, in the Empire of France, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED ANTI-HEMORRHOIDAL APPARATUS OR ANTI-
HEMORRHOIDAL PLATE."

page_text: of the evil, that is to say, whether the disease be of long standing or
newly contracted.
The use of this anti-hemorrhoidal plate presents no inconvenience, and
while curing hemorrhoids is rather beneficial than prejudicial to the
general health of the wearer.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said François Dupuy in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 13th December 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FRANÇOIS
DUPUY, of Bayonne, and of No. 37, Boulevard Bonne Nouvelle, Paris, in
the Empire of France, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, givè
and grant unto me, the said François Dupuy, Her special licence that
I, the said François Dupuy, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said François Dupuy, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thercafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, usc, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED ANTI-HEMORRHOIDAL APPARATUS
OR ANTI-HEMORRHOIDAL PLATE," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said François Dupuy, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said François Dupuy, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-

page_text: FRANÇOIS DUPUY. (L.S.)
APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND LOWERING THE TURRETS OF TURRET SHIPS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Lawson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
December 1870.
I, JOHN LAWSON, of No. 5, Auckland Hill, Lower Norwood, in the
County of Surrey, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND LOWERING THE TURRETS OF
TURRET SHIPS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to be able to lower the turrets of turret
ships at such time as the ship is not in action, with a view of lowering
the centre of gravity of the ship, by which means turret ships may be
rendered more sea-worthy and be enabled to carry a sufficient amount of
sail to render them sea-going vessels; the application of turrets to gun
boats is also rendered practicable. For this purpose the turret is carried
by six or other number of hydraulic rams ranged around a circle
concentric with the turret; the top of the rams are connected one to
another by a ring girder carrying rollers, upon which the turret is
supported and is free to revolve. Below the centre of the turret
platform there is another ram, the upper end of which forms a pivot for

page_text: the turret to revolve around. Each ram works in a fixed cylinder and
the several cylinders are connected with one another at their lower ends
by pipes radiating from the bottom of the central cylinder, so ensuring
an equal pressure in all the cylinders when water under pressure is
admitted to any one of them. When the turret has been raised to the 1
elevation desired it may be retained there either by the water power,
or by keys, or otherwise. To lower the turret the water is allowed to
escape slowly from the cylinders through a small discharge valve. For
supplying water under pressure to the cylinders I prefer to employ a
pump having several plungers, so that an even flow of water may be
ensured. The gearing for revolving the turret may be placed either
within or outside of the turret as desired.
By the arrangement of apparatus above described for raising and
lowering the turret, the turret may readily be raised at the rate of about
2 feet a minute, and be lowered at the same rate, or more quickly if I
desired.
AN IMPROVED ELASTIC SANDCRACK BOOT OR HOOF COVERING FOR HORSES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Holder at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd June
1870.
I, THOMAS HOLDER, of Arundel Stables, Westbourne Road, Barnsbury,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED ELASTIC SANDCRACK BOOT OR HOOF COVERING FOR
HORSES," to be as follows:-
The cracking or splitting of horses' hoofs is the source of much trouble
and difficulty, and it is a great desideratum to keep out the dirt till the
hoof unites and the crack grows out. In order to do this tar string
and tape have been used, but all the means hitherto adopted have proved
defective.
The sandcrack boot hereafter described is designed to accomplish
the objects referred to, and for seedy toes is equally serviceable. For
brittle and shelly feet likewise it is a sure remedy as it encloses the foot
joint and prevents its being rubbed off, and by this Invention the hoof
being continually softened grows tough and allows the horse free action
from not being afraid to step out by being limited by the hardness of

page_text: the hoof and contraction from pain caused by the hard horn, for being
kept continually soft it forms a cushion for concussion.
The above-mentioned sanderack boot or covering is made by taking a
sheet of india-rubber properly vulcanized or treated, and then cutting out
from such sheet, on the cross way of the stuff, a band of such shape as to
fit well over the hoof, being broad in front and narrow at the back, the
narrow ends being joined and cemented together, so that an endless band
is thereby formed, which can be fitted over the hoof so as to completely
protect the same and prevent it being destroyed by the effect of sand-
cracks and so forth.
This boot or covering being made of elastic material in manner above
stated will be much more efficient than any means hitherto adopted for
the same object, as it will fit closely (though being of elastic material
it will not be inconveniently tight), and may be easily put on and taken
off, independently of possessing other advantages.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN NEEDLE CASES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Welch at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
November 1870.
I, JOSEPH WELCH, of Redditch, in the County of Worcester, Watch-
maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN NEEDLE CASES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
I make a metal cylinder of the required length and open at both ends.
I close one end with a metal plate slightly countersunk with a hole in
the centre to receive one end of a metal roller. I then insert into the
cylinder such metal roller, passing one end through the hole in the
metal plate before mentioned. I then attach to the protruding end of
such roller a small piece of metal, and fixed cross ways, and extending
nearly to the side of the cylinder (called a stop work). Against the
inside of the cylinder I fix a semicircular spring with the end turned
and made to project through a slit in the cylinder. When the fabric is
pulled out the stop work revolves, and when the semicircular spring is
pressed inwards it comes into contact with the stop work and fixes it
and so keeps the roller stationery and prevents its running back. I then
form a box to fit inside the other end of the cylinder, and insert a

page_text: circular spring into such box (similar to a watch spring) the box and
spring being fixed into the cylinder upwards and attached by a small
hook that projects and falls into a slit cut in the cylinder at the
required spot. In the centre of the box mentioned is a round hole to
admit the other end of the roller, to which is attached a small hook
which fits into a small eye in the spring. I then attach a metal lid or
cover to the spring box. I cut a groove in the cylinder lengthways the
length and width required to admit of the leather, silk, linen, paper, or
other fabric attached to the roller running easily through with the
needles stuck upon the same. The roller referred to is constructed of a
piece of metal with a slit in it to receive one end of the leather, silk,
linen, paper, or other fabric, and to which it is attached by being closely
pressed or glued. To the other end of the leather, silk, linen, paper, or
other fabric is attached a piece of metal similar to the roller for the
purpose of drawing the fabric out which holds the needles.
I do not limit myself to metal in the construction of the cases as
other materials may be equally adapted for the same, and I do not limit
myself to needles as the articles for which the cases may be adapted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR COMBING
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pearson Smith, John Henry
Leather, and Edward David Arthur Marriner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 28th April
1870.
We, PEARSON SMITи and JoHN HENRY LEATHER, of Keighley, in
the County of York, Machine Makers, and EDWARD DAVID ARTHUR
MARRINER, of the same place, Worsted Spinner, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR PREPARING WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR COMBING,"
(to be as follows) :—
This Invention relates to machinery or apparatus technically known
as "gill boxes," used in the preparation of wool or other fibrous sub-
stances for combing; and our improvements consist in the application of
a porcupine or toothed roller introduced betwixt the fluted feed rollers
and the gill combs for straightening or assisting to straighten the
slivers or the fibres thereof, in their passage through the said machine.
AN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING CARD FILLETING WHILST IN THE PROCESS OF MAKING
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Bateman at the Office
of the Commissioner of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
March 1870.
I, SAMUEL BATEMAN, of Asnières, near Paris, Card Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING
CARD FILLETING WHILST IN THE PROCESS OF MAKING," to be as follows, that is to
say:―
My Invention consists in the construction of an apparatus for
measuring card filleting whilst being made. For this purpose I place
above the machine for making such filleting a small pulley of the
required diameter, over which passes the filleting egressing from the
machine. On the axis of this pulley I place a pinion taking into a
wheel; the axis of this wheel passes through a fixed dial, and is provided
at its end with a hand moving over the dial; this axis carries a small
pinion cogging with a wheel, the axis of which passes through the dial
between the centre and the circumference, and is provided with a small
hand moving over a small dial drawn on the other dial between its

page_text: centre and figures. The diameter of the pulley, the relative proportions
of the cog wheels, and the number of rotations and fractions of a
rotation of the two hands being known it will be easy to ascertain the
length of the fillet which has passed over the pulley.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF BOWLS OR ROLLERS USED IN CALENDERING AND OTHER PRESSING OR SQUEEZING MACHinery
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Brewitt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
October 1870.
I, ROBERT BREWITT, of Stockport, in the County of Chester, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF BOWLS OR ROLLERS USED IN CALENDERING AND OTHER PRESSING OR
SQUEEZING MACHinery,” to be as follows :-
This Invention consists principally in constructing such bowls or
rollers of a combination of two cast iron end plates with a number of
longitudinal lags of wood arranged so as to form a hollow cylinder, the
said plates and the ends of the wooden lags being so embedded into each
other that all the parts are held firmly together and constitute a bowl
or roller suitable for the class of machines above referred to. Bowls or
rollers of this construction are lighter and more durable than the
wooden bowls hitherto used, and are applicable to calendering machines,
bleachers, mangles, starching machinery, and any other pressing or
squeezing machines wherein strong wooden rollers are required. Upon
a suitable axle or shaft I place two cast-iron end plates of an octagonal,

page_text: circular, or other form, the inner sides of the said plates being provided
with ribs or projections, and having square or other formed perforations or
recesses between the same. The ends of the lags of wood are so formed
with grooves opposite to the ribs or projections on the end plates and
with projections opposite to the perforations or recesses of the same,
that they fit and bed into each other, and thus hold the lags firmly in
their places. They may be further secured by bolts or screws passed
through the end plates into the ends of the lags, and the two end plates
are secured together by long bolts or tension rods passing through them
from end to end of the bowl or roller inside the lags. The sides of the
lags are bevilled slightly inwards towards the centre of the axle, so that
they fit perfectly together, and the bowl or roller when thus constructed
and turned in a lathe to the required diameter is ready for use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BURNING AND CONSUMING SMOKE
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Bray, John Crosby Har-
greaves, and Francis Henry Stubbs at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 5th March 1870.
We, EDWIN BRAY, of Fulneck, JOHN CROSBY HARGREAVES, of
Hunslet, and FRANCIS HENRY STUBBS, of Hunslet, near Leeds, in the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BURNING AND CONSUMING SMOKE," to
be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of certain improved arrangements whereby the
combustible gases and smoke are consumed, this object being attained
by the admission of steam and atmospheric air combined. A pipe of
suitable dimensions and material is either passed through the dead plate
or brought round it so that one end will be immediately within the
doorway of the fire-door. The other end of the pipe passes to the
outside, and is provided with a fan plate or ventilator of ordinary
construction.
A steam pipe from the boiler is conducted into the aforesaid pipe.
We extend the hinge pin on the door to a required length, on which a

page_text: lever is fixed, and so connected with levers attached to the ventilator on
the air pipe and stop cock on the steam pipe that when the door is
opened the ventilator is opened for the admission of air and simul-
taneously the stop cock for the admission of steam.
The opening of the door sets in motion by means of another lever a
pendulum to which is attached an escapement motion or other mechanism
answering the same purpose.
The escapement motion actuated by the movement of the pendulum
gradually closes the ventilator, and by the same motion and simultaneously
the steam is shut off.
The time of admitting the atmospheric air and steam after firing
depends on the quality or nature of the fuel used, and may be regulated
by an adjustment of the length of the pendulum.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING GRAIN PREPARATORY TO ITS CONVERSION INTO FLOUR, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR Appabatus EmploYED THEREIN
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Horace Hayes at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th August -
1870.
I, HORACE HAYES, of Cork, in the Kingdom of Ireland, Merchant,.,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN TREATING GRAIN PREPARATORY TO ITS CONVERSION INTO FLOUR, AND IN THE
MACHINERY OR Appabatus EmploYED THEREIN,” to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a combined process and machinery for.
treating wheat and other grain preparatory to its conversion into flour,
and consists in the combination of the following processes and in the.
combined machinery herein-after described for carrying out such com:
bined process. The grain is first moistened by steaming it, or by the-
application of spray or artificial mist thereto; it is then subjected to a
cleaning process which removes both the bearded and germ ends of the
grain, such portions being more readily removed without breaking the.
grain by reason of the previous softening of the grain produced by
the steaming or moistening process; after this the moistened and cleaned
grain is passed between two smooth rollers which slightly bruise or
.

page_text: flatten the same, and thereby render it more easily converted into
flour.
The machinery employed in carrying out this Invention consists of a
framing which contains at one end a separator or cylindrical revolving
wire or perforated metal cylinder placed in a closed casing into which
steam or moist vapour or spray is admitted by a suitable pipe and stop-
cock, and escapes again by an exit pipe, another pipe being provided
when necessary for the escape of the water of condensation. The grain
enters at one end of the perforated or wire cylinder, and is discharged at
the other end perfectly moistened and softened, and enters a cleaning
apparatus also fitted into the same general framing. This cleaning
apparatus may consist of a vertical cylinder similar to a smut machine, in
which the grain is agitated by revolving beaters, the dirt and refuse
being carried off by a fan blast. The moistened and cleaned grain then
passes at once between a pair of smooth rollers, also fitted into the
same general framing, which rollers bruise and flatten the grain and
deliver it direct to the stones. The perforated or wire cylinder for
moistening the grain as well as the revolving beaters and fan of the
cleaning machine and the bruising or flattening rollers are all driven
at their proper relative speeds from one common driving shaft by means
of driving straps or toothed gearing.
A NEW OR IM- PROVED AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR DIGGING POTATOES AND OTHER SIMILAR ROOT CROPS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Jack at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
July 1870.
I, ALEXANDER JACK, of Maybole, in the County of Ayr, North Britain,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "A NEW OR IM-
PROVED AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR DIGGING POTATOES AND
OTHER SIMILAR ROOT CROPS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention, which relates to an improved arrangement or con-
struction of apparatus specially adapted for digging potatoes and other
similar root crops, consists of a framing mounted on wheels, and to
which a scoop or shovel is attached. The shovel is made adjustable by
means of a lever, and on the machine being moved in a forward direction
it scoops up the ridges in which the potatoes are grown to any required
depth. The potatoes and earth thus lifted are delivered from the scoop
or shovel to an elevator, which consists of an endless travelling web or
band, and carried towards the back or rear of the machine, where the
mingled soil and potatoes are deposited on a number of fingers fixed ou

page_text: a shaft, the end of which is provided with a pall and actuated by a
ratchet wheel.
By this arrangement of mechanism the fingers are made to rise and
fall or move through an angle with a jerking motion, and the potatoes
are thereby separated from the soil and deposited in a continuous row at
the back or rear of the machine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES, APPLICABLE IN PART TO FIRE GRATES AND STOVES OF VARIOUS KINDS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Sawyer and John
Brindley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 24th March 1870.
We, JOSEPH SAWYER, of Alma Street, New North Road, London, N.,
in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, and JOHN BRINDLEY, of Sunnyside
House, Chingford, in the County of Essex, Consulting Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES, APPLICABLE IN PART TO FIRE GRATES AND
STOVES OF VARIOUS KINDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to furnaces generally, and we propose to
construct them of round, oval, or square tubes, made of wrought iron,
steel, or other metal. The tubes are screwed or riveted to a hollow
bridge at the back or far end of the furnace, and are also screwed or
riveted to a hollow dead plate at the front end of the furnace; these
tubes are charged with water by means of an inlet pipe connected to
the boiler, and at the far or back end of furnace we attach an outlet
pipe also connected to the boiler, thus causing a continuous flow of
water through the tubes, which are protected from being burnt by the
action of the fire. We shall fix at the front of or within the furnace, direct

page_text: over the fire of steam boiler and other furnaces, a wrought-iron box
fitted with tubes for the supply of air to the fire in a downward direction,
carrying the draught of the furnace under the bridge or stop. We close
the ash-pit of the furnace air-tight, with a wrought-iron plate fitted with
a valve or slide to act as a damper for regulating the required heat to
furnace. When we apply our Invention to fire-grates and stoves of
various kinds we may dispense with charging the tubes with water
by introducing the atmospheric air through the tubes for the purpose
of supplying hot air, which we cause to pass through the fire into a flue
connected to the bottom or lower part of the chimney.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTING-MOULD BOARDS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Hickman Murray at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th May 1870.
I, RICHARD HICKMAN MURRAY, of Walsall, in the County of Stafford,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTING-MOULD BOARDS," to be as follows:-
Casting-mould boards as ordinarily constructed warp by the heat to
which they are exposed, and their ends are liable to be burned during
use.
The object of my Invention is to prevent the said warping of the
boards, and the burning of the ends of the said boards.
My Invention consists in providing each end of a casting-mould board
with a metallic band or cap, which said bands or caps cover the extreme
ends of the board and a small portion of the sides of the board. In
making the said protecting bands or caps I make them by preference
from sheet iron rolled or otherwise formed into a trough-like shape, the
parallel sides of the said bands or caps being at a distance apart equal
to the thickness of the board. I-plane or cut away the ends of the

page_text: board so as to diminish their thickness, sufficiently to allow the said
bands or caps to be fixed on the ends of the board, the outer surfaces
of the said bands or caps, being flush with the surfaces of the board. I
fix the bands or caps in their places by screws or otherwise. Instead
of making the said bands or caps of the figure of troughs, open at each
end, the ends of the trough-like bands or cups may be closed, so that
they will completely cover or surround the ends of the boards on their
four sides. The bands or caps are made by preference of iron, but they
may be made of brass or other metal or alloy, and instead of making
the said bands or caps of wrought iron they may be cast. The said bands
or caps may be applied to one end only of the casting-mould board or
to both ends of the said board.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN APPLYING METAL HANDLES TO TABLE KNIVES AND FORKS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Matthew Henry Nicholson
and George Booker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 19th February 1870.
We, MATTHEW HENRY NICHOLSON and GEORGE BOOKER, both of
Eyre Street, Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN APPLYING METAL
HANDLES TO TABLE KNIVES AND FORKS," to be as follows:-
The object of the Invention is increased security in the fixture of the
handles to table knives and forks, and the improvement consists in
forming the handles by casting them in moulds on the tangs or other
parts of the blades or of the forks to receive them when such parts are
in a heated state. For this purpose the sand or other mould is formed
not only to give form to the molten German silver or other metal to
form the handle, but also to receive the tang or that part of the blade
or fork which is to be held in the handle. These parts of the blade or
fork are heated to about a blood red heat before being placed in the
mould, and then the molten metal is run thereon, when on cooling the
handle will be found to be securely held without the necessity for any

page_text: previous tinning or other preparation of the parts of the blade or fork
except the heating. The blades of the knives and the prongs or parts.
of the forks may then be hardened and tempered as desired after the
handles have been cast thereon. The bolsters may be previously formed
on the blades or forks or be formed in the casting of the metal composing
the handle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COAL PLATES, WHEREBY THEY ARE BENDERED MORE SUITABLE FOR EXHIBITING ADVERTISEMENTS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Collins and Robert
Thomas Hedges at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 15th February 1870.
We, HENRY COLLINS, of Arlington Street, Clerkenwell, and ROBERT
THOMAS HEDGES, of High Street, Camden Town, both in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COAL PLATES, WHEREBY THEY ARE BENDERED MORE SUITABLE
FOR EXHIBITING ADVERTISEMENTS," to be as follows:-
:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in coal plates, whereby
they are rendered more suitable for exhibiting advertisements.
Heretofore it has been customary to cast upon coal plates the names
and addresses of the makers, but as such articles were made of only one
material, that is, of cast iron, sufficient attention was not drawn to the
words cast on them, and they were consequently unsuitable for general
advertising purposes.
Now according to our Invention we cast the coal plate with a suitable
recess or recesses, in which we secure by casting, rivetting, or otherwise
AN IMPROVED GAS STOVE, PART 02 WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO BLOW PIPES-AND FORGES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Charles Olney at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
January 1870.
I, THOMAS CHARLES OLNEY, of Mancliester, in the County of Lan-
caster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED GAS STOVE, PART 02 WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO BLOW PIPES-AND
FORGES," to be as follows:-
"
The Invention is designed principally to prevent the burnt sulphurous
or other disagreeable smells in rooms arising from the use of the ordinary
gas stoves, and the improvement consists in the novel; employment and
use of one, two, or more layers or sheets of wire gauze, perforated fire-
clay, or other suitable perforated material placed one above another at
or near the bottom in the flue or tube of the stove and above the
ordinary gas jets, so that as the gas passes through the series of layers or
plates and a light is applied above the layers a flame is first produced
or formed on the top layer or portion, which may be made of platinum,
wire gauze, or other suitable material (so as to resist oxidation), which
gradually becomes red hot and is maintained at a red or incandescent
heat so that a chemical action takes place, which causes perfect com.

page_text: bustion to ensue, and thereby effectually burns or consumes all gases,
flame, and smoke, and prevents the escape of all noxious impurities into
the air, and by this means all disagreeable smells which have hitherto
been felt will be done away with and a much better heat will be thrown
out from the stove. This improved means of inducing or effecting
perfect combustion is also applicable to other purposes, such as the
blow pipe and forge, and will give heat as intense as almost any
furnace.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Cherry at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th April
1870.
I, RICHARD CHERRY, of Halifax, in the County of York, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved apparatus for "letting-off" the
warp, and to regulate the quantity let off.
In constructing looms according to my Invention I employ a roller,
herein-after termed a "letting-off roller," extending across the back of
the loom, and supported by the side frames thereof, a second roller,
herein-after termed the "tension roller," paralled with the letting-off
roller and resting on the periphery thereof, supported by arms or levers
attached to the shaft ends and to studs adjustable in slots in the side
frames of the loom, the letting-off roller having rotation imparted by
means of gear and shafts from the "fluted roller" of the taking-up
motion.

page_text: The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The warp is passed over the
tension roller, thence under and over the letting-off roller to the healds,
and, as woven, over the fluted or taking-up roller to the cloth roller.
Each tooth of the wheels on the letting-off roller will cause the warp
beam to let off the warp required, the warp binding tighter as such
tension roller rests more or less above the horizontal centre line of the
letting-off roller. The quantity of yarn let off will be determined by the
diameter or number of teeth on the wheels of the letting-off and taking-
up rollers.
AN IMPROVED BAKERS' BARM OR YEAST
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Patrick Boland at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
June 1870.
"
I, PATRICK BOLAND, of Dublin, Ireland, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for AN IMPROVED BAKERS' BARM OR YEAST," to be
as follows:-
Heretofore bakers' barm or yeast has been usually made from malted
barley. Now my Invention primarily consists in making barm or yeast
from malted oats or from a combination of malted oats and barley.
I mash the oats malt with water at a temperature varying from 50° to
212° Fahrenheit, the extract is fermented and the product is carbonic
acid; this when mixed with flour and allowed to ferment from one to
forty-eight hours produces a superior quality of dough, which when
baked produces a superior bread to that hitherto obtained. Potatoes or
rice may be used in conjunction with flour to produce bread with this

page_text: improved yeast. Malt made from oats, according to my Invention,
ought not to be used to a greater extent than five per cent. when
mixed with barley malt, or any other material from which yeast may
be produced.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hugh Wallace at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
November 1870.
I, HUGH WALLACE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN FURNACES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
-
This Invention has for its objects economy of fuel, prevention of smoke,
and durability, and it consists principally in combining hollow grate bars
with a hollow bridge in such a way that air may enter from the front
through the bars into the bridge and issue from the latter amongst the
fire gases in a heated state. The hollow or tubular bars are placed in
the ordinary longitudinal position in the furnace, their inner ends being
supported in sockets made for the purpose in the front of the bridge, and
these sockets admit the air that passes through the bars into the cavity
in the bridge. The front ends of the bars are supported on a transverse
bearer, and the ingress of air into their front ends is regulated by a plate
applied in front, and which can be pushed close up to their ends to
prevent any air from entering, or be drawn forward to allow more or less
air to enter. The air in passing along the hollow bars takes up heat
from them, and whilst thus preventing them from becoming overheated,

page_text: and thereby rendering them more durable is itself by being heated
rendered so much more effective in preventing smoke and economising
fuel. The hollow bars may be of various forms, but it is preferred to
shape them with a middle tubular part which is from two or three times
as deep as it is broad, and narrower below than above, whilst projections
are formed along the tops of each side, the intention being that the
projections of every two adjacent bars may touch or nearly so, and air pass
up between the projections for the combustion of the fuel on the grate.
A NEW OR IMPROVED FLOATING LIGHTHOUSE AND TELEGRAPH AND LIFE Boat STATION
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Benjamin Stoner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd October 1870.
I, JOHN BENJAMIN STONER, of 12, Buckingham Street, Strand, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW OR IMPROVED FLOATING LIGHTHOUSE AND TELEGRAPH AND LIFE Boat
STATION," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of an improved floating structure intended to
be used at sea for the purpose of a lighthouse, telegraph station, life boat
station, floating refuge for saving life from wreck or other similar or
analagous purposes. It may be anchored in any depth of water, and is
constructed and fitted in the manner herein-after described.
In its general form it comprises a buoy or float carrying an elevated
lifehouse surmounted by a signal shaft or column, at the top of which
revolving lights or other signals may be fitted. I form the float or buoy
with an inner and outer cylinder, the latter varying from ten to fifty feet
in diameter, rising from three to five feet above the water line and dipping
from ten to fifteen feet below the water line. The former or inner

page_text: cylinder being from three to eight feet in diameter and rising to the floor
of the life house above, or from fifteen to twenty feet above the water
line, and dipping from twenty to fifty feet (more or less) below the water.
line, having a centre tube or pipe running through its entire length open
at top and bottom, the space between them being filled with water. The
outer cylinder or float is made in four sections, each distinct from the
other, and respectively water-tight. The space between the outer and
inner cylinders is closed at the top by a flat conc or dome and at the
bottom by an inverted cone with plain, concave, or convex sides. The
outside of this portion of the structure is fitted with several ladders
having festoons of chains between them for enabling persons in the
water to support themselves or to ascend on to the roof of the float or
buoy, and thence up into the life house above.
The life house is supported from the top of the buoy or float partly by
means of the inner cylinder and partly by light iron columns and stays,
and is divided into compartments furnished and fitted as may be required.
It is covered at the top by a flat roof or deck, the sides of which are
protected by a bulwark. Openings are formed in the floor and roof for
access thereto, ladders or steps being provided where such openings
occur. The centre tube in the inner cylinder is provided for establishing
a connection between the life house and the water at the bottom of the
inner cylinder. This cylinder when filled with water gives the necessary
vertical stability or acts as a ballast to the structure; it is fitted with a
valve and force pump at the bottom so that the water can be.
e-pumped
out when required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE SUPPLY OF WATER TO WATERCLOSETS, AND WHEREVER. A REGULATED Supply MayY BE REQUIRED
Year: 1870

page_text: 19
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Ainslie Common at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his. Petition, on the
8th February 1870.
I, ANDREW AINSLIE COMMON, of South Bank, Regent's Park, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE SUPPLY OF
WATER TO WATERCLOSETS, AND WHEREVER. A REGULATED Supply MayY BE REQUIRED,'”
to be as follows:-
"
I propose to regulate the action of the lever working the valve or cock.
of a supply to watercloset by attaching the said lever to the head of a.
hollow piston rod working within a closed cylindrical (or other shaped).
vessel fixed at the bottom. At the lower part of said hollow piston rod
is a piston with valve to give passage to the liquid contained in the
cylinder (glycerine, mercury, or other liquid of a similar nature) in
the ascent of the piston, which piston is also pierced with a central hole
to give passage to a regulated flow in its descent, this flow being
regulated by means of a solid rod working within the hollow piston rod,
the lower end of said solid piston rod being tapered to fit into the central
hole of the piston, while its upper end within the head of the hollow

page_text: piston rod is provided with a screw, by turning which it may be raised
or lowered at pleasure, thereby passing more or less into central hole
of piston, and thus regulating the flow of liquid. On the exterior of the
hollow piston rod, and within the cylinder, I propose to place a collar,
which will prevent the ascent of the piston above the level of the liquid.
This construction of regulator affords the advantages of simplicity and
economy; it may be applied to a valve which closes with the flow of
water, and generally to all existing watercloset arrangements, and not
only to waterclosets, but wherever a regulated supply of water may be
⚫ required.
AN IMPROVED TELL-TALE MECHANISM APPLICABLE TO CLOCKS AND WATCHES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Lang at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th November
1870. A communication from abroad by Cyrille Duquet, of Quebec,
in the Dominion of Canada.
I, DAVID LANG, of Houndsditch, in the City of London, India-rubber
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
“AN IMPROVED TELL-TALE MECHANISM APPLICABLE TO CLOCKS AND WATCHES," to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a new watchman's detector which is of
extremely simple construction and applicable to all kinds of clocks or
watches.
The Invention consists in the use of a disc or plate which is mounted
upon the hour hand spindle and contains a series of slides that can be
drawn out by means of a rod or handle projecting from the watch or
clock case.
A disc or plate is mounted upon or connected with the hour
hand spindle of a clock in such a manner that it will revolve with the
hour hand or be part of the same. Upon the face of this disc are
arranged a series of radial slides, of which a suitable number may be used.
The outer end of each slide has a forward or outward bent ear. The

page_text: slides are all of equal lengths or are at least so arranged that the ears of
all are in one circle. Springs are or may be arranged on the several
slides to retain them in their places. The slides are or may be marked
to correspond with the divisions on the dial. A hook is fitted through
the side of the locked clock or watch case, so that its bill or catch is
within the rim which is formed by the ears of the radial slides. When-
ever the hook is pulled it will draw the slide with which it is in line
outward, and will then spring back to its former position, while the slide
will remain drawn out. Thus when the hour hand points at IX. on the
dial the opposite slide marked 9 will be in line with the hook, and will
when drawn out indicate that the watchman was at his post and vigilant
at 9 o'clock. The same it is with all the other slides, which may be set
for half or quarter hours or still smaller part of hours as may be desired.
Each slide may have a tenon projecting through a slot of the disc or
plate, or may be retained by and slide on a dovetailed tongue and groove,
or be otherwise adjustable in suitable manner.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN SECURING BOLTS AND NUTS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Moore at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th June
1870.
I, WILLIAM MOORE, of Preston, in the County of Durham, Black-
smith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SECURING BOLTS AND NUTS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of an improved method of preventing the nuts
of screw bolts from turning, becoming loose, and falling from the bolts
with which they are connected. The screw bolt is constructed with one
side thereof flattened to prevent the washer herein-after mentioned from
turning. When the bolt has been placed in the hole prepared for its
reception in the joint that it is required to fasten, an angular washer, by
preference of a triangular form, and made of iron, or steel, or other
suitable metal, and having a hole in the centre thereof, one side of which
hole is flat to correspond with the flattened side of the bolt, is placed
thereon, after which the nut is screwed on as hitherto, and one or more
of the angles of the washer turned up against one or more of the flat
sides of the nut, thereby preventing the same from turning and the bolt
from becoming loose.
IMPROVEMENTS in Submerged PrOPELLERS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Otto Ernest Poll at the Office.
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
February 1870.
I, OTTO ERNEST POHL, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Salt Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS in Submerged PrOPELLERS," to be as follows:-
Propellers of the kind to which my improvements have reference are.
made to reciprocate with the main shaft, they are each fitted with one
or more flat or nearly flat propelling pieces, and these are so fitted that
they present their greatest area to the water at a right angle or thereby
to the line of the motion of the ship during their outwards or inwards
movement according as it is intended to propel the ship ahead or astern,
but during the return stroke they present their edges only or their
flat surfaces at a less angle, so as to reduce the resistance to a minimum.
The object which I have had in view in devising my said improvements
has been to provide efficient and durable propellers suitable for navigable
vessels generally.
For these purposes I first attach to suitable framework secured on
the outer end of the main shaft a single flat operating disc or other pre-

page_text: pelling piece in such manner that it is free to rock and present its
surfaces as above set forth, and as means for reversing so as to propel
ahead or astern at will. I secure a stop frame on the outer end of
an inner shaft' which passes from inboard through the main shaft.
The said inner shaft is free to be rotated. When the said stop frame
projects downwards from the inner shaft, the disc or other propeller
picce, if the propeller is fitted to operate in any ordinary position at the
stern, will propel the ship ahead, and when it is moved so as to project
upwards it will propel the ship astern.
Second: Attach to the end of the main shaft a rectangular or other
frame and mount therein two or more propeller pieces or shutters hinged
at their upper edges. To prevent these propeller pieces or shutters from
moving beyond the frame in either required direction I provide movable
stops, the said stops are fitted in hollow spaces, grooves, or recesses. in
the rectangular or other frame, and they are caused to move when it is
necessary to reverse by levers or other mechanical connections coupled
to a rod or shaft led through the inner shaft from inside the ship, the
main shaft being made hollow or tubular for the purpose.
AN IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND LOWERING WINDOWS, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGE WINDOWS, particularly applicable to andge
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jones and Howard Busby
Fox at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 3rd November 1870.
We, JOHN JONES, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, and
HOWARD BUSBY Fox, of Oxton, in the County of Chester, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MEANS OR
APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND LOWERING WINDOWS, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO
RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGE WINDOWS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention of "An Improved Means or Apparatus for Raising and
Lowering Windows, particularly applicable to Railway and other
Carriage Windows," relates to making the rising or shutting self-acting
and adjustable. This result is obtained by hanging or supporting
windows on cords passing over pulleys or rollers and connected to levers,
at the fulcrum of each lever there being a metallic coiled or other spring.
A railway carriage door window, for example, may be fitted with our
Invention as follows:-The glass frame moves in slides in the ordinary
manner. Attached to the bottom of the frame are two cords, one on each
side, which cords are led over pulleys downwards, fastening on to the
ends of two levers respectively; these levers are attached at their

page_text: fulcrum to metallic coiled or other suitable springs, and are fastened in
the door underneath the window. The action of the levers being down-
wards, upon the window being opened the levers are raised, and the
springs bring an upward pressure to bear tending to close the window.
This is obviated by means of a friction spring fitted in one of the sliding
grooves of the window sash or door; this spring is actuated by means
of a handle or catch fitted where the usual lifting strap of the window is
placed. The top of the window frame is fitted with a suitable finger
piece for lowering.
The action is thus:-Upon suitable pressure being applied to the
handle or catch piece the window rises altogether or to any required
height according to the pressure applied, that is, the handle or catch
piece actuates the friction spring in the groove or slide and thereby
adjusts the rising of the window. The window is opened by pressure on
the finger piece on the top of the window frame and will remain at any
degree of opening.
The same arrangement can be applied to the windows of ordinary
carriages and to windows generally.