Improvements in Machines for Making Boxes and the like.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Dec.. 1892-Accepted. 17th Apr., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Making Boxes and the like.
I, CARL SCHMIDT, trading under the firm of C. & R. Schmidt of Elberfeld,
Germany, Manufacturer of Paper Goods do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows: —
This invention relates to improvements in machines for making boxes in which the
blanks are placed on a mandril round which they are then bent and pasted together
by a matrice passing over them along the mandril in one direction and which on its
way back shifts the now finished shell or hull of the boxes off from the mandril.
Such mandrils may be arranged in pairs working alternately, or one alone may be
arranged, and they may be arranged facing each other at their open ends in the
middle or they may be so mounted in a machine frame that the mandrils stand back
to back towards each other.
The accompanying drawing will explain the construction and working of the
machine. In the machine shown in Figs. 1 & 2 the mandrils a¹, a' and their
opposites a, a are fix in the frame Z. The drawheads B1, B2 surrounding the
mandrils a', a² and also the drawheads B, B+ (Fig. 2, 3 & 5) are formed in one
piece. They are provided with female screw thread forming a nut round the screw
spindle G, which by means of a suitable reversing gear may be turned one way or
the other, the drawheads being guided in rails D, D¹.
When the machine has been set to work the blanks of card board, which have
been provided with some pasting material at the edges forming a lap joint, are laid
round the mandrils a', a', then the draw heads B', B' which have been heated, are
pushed along the mandrils a', as in consequence of the action of the screw G
and thus they form the shells S (Fig. 2) and glue them together at the same
time.
Now the other mandrils a³, a are provided in a similar manner with blanks and
since the scrapers h, h² of the draw heads B', B2, which before pulled the blanks
tight and pasted them together are now standing behind the last shell, whereas the
scrapers, of the drawheads B, B' have a similar position as the scrapers h¹, h³
had before, with regard to their blanks, the one set in going back will strip off the
finished shells from the mandril and the other will paste together the shells on the
mandrils a³, a* and in this manner the work is going on alternately.
The scrapers h (Fig. 7) consist of two half circular straps surrounding the
mandril each being held in hinges so that in going one way they pass along over
the shells stepping down at the last one, so that in making the way back they stand
against the edge of the last shell or box.
The draw heads may be provided with guide rollers r rolling along the rails D
and D¹.
The reversing gear is selfacting and works by means of a bar i having two
collars and, (Fig. 1), an eye y on the drawhead B³, B striking against the
collar when the draw heads B³, B have passed the last shell and then shifts the
belts R, R¹ from one pulley upon the other; one of the belts being opened, the other
crossed, and one running on the fast pulley T, the other on the loose one T', or the
one on the loose pulley T' and the other then on the fast pulley T alternately.
When the eye y reaches the collar is the gear is reversed as will be easily under-
stood from the drawing, a fork * causing the belts to be shifted.
The mandrils a', a³, a³, a' are held in the standards by set screws o', o³ and o³, o
respectively and they can be shifted forwards or backwards so as to have a shorter
or longer length for making boxes and according to this length the collars and
can be adjusted on the bar i

page_text: Figure 8 shows a skeleton drawing of an arrangement where the ends of the
mandrils do not face each other but stand at opposite sides and they are held in a
central standard Z, and Figure 9 shows such an arrangement where the drawheads
are fast and the mandrils are shifted one way or the other by a screw spindle G.
These are mere variations of construction without altering the working of the
machine. In the same way one or three or more mandrils might be arranged in a
machine, the principle of working being aways the same, to form the boxes or
shells whilst the draw heads goes one way and to strip them off when it is
returning.
In order to provide boxes or shells with tops and bottoms the draw heads must be
provided with a mould (Fig. 10) upon which properly cut blanks are placed where
they are held by a ring or collar Figs. 10 & 11 and when the draw beads are
advanced towards the mandril these blanks are pressed into the mould and upon the
sell at the same time.
The scrapers instead of being hinged on the drawheads may be fixed to them as
shown in Fig. 12 & 13 by a pin and a spring ƒ so as to give them the necessary
elasticity.
Besides making round boxes and shells such of another shape can be made; the
drawheads and scrapers and mandrils having to be formed accordingly.
The Figures 14-16 show for instance a wrapper for making rectangular boxes,
consisting of two side parts being hinged on vertical bolts and of an upper and lower
part each being hinged on a horizontal bolt.
When arranging several mandrils of different shape or size each, differently
shaped boxes and of different size may be made at the same time.
When using sheet metal instead of card board metal boxes may be made by means
of the same machines.
Dated this 10th day of March 1892.
KARL J. MAYER,
Agent for Carl Schmidt, owner of the firm of C. & R. Schmidt.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Making Boxes and the like.
I, CARL SCHMIDT trading under the firm of C. & R. Schmidt of Elberfeld,
Germany, Manufacturer of Paper Goods do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in machines for making boxes, in which
the blanks are placed on a mandril round which they are then bent and pasted
together by a matrice, passing over them along the mandril in one direction and
which mandril on its way back shifts the now finished shells or hulls of the boxes
off from the mandril. Such mandrils may be arranged in pairs working alternately,
or one alone may be used and they may be arranged facing each other at their
free ends in the middle of the machine, or they may be so mounted in a frame,
that the mandrils stand back to back towards each other, when arranged in
pairs.
The accompanying drawings and the following description will explain the
construction and working of the machine.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the double acting machine;
Figure 2 is a plan of the same;
Figure 3 is a plan of a draw box and adjoining parts in an enlarged scale ;
Figure 4 is a side view of this part, partly in section ;
Figure 5 is a vertical cross section of the same;
Figures 6 and 7 are respectively a front view and side view of the scraper ;

page_text: sarea front view and side view of the collar used in putting on
the covers to the boxes;
Figures 11 and 12 show a modified arrangement of the scraper ;
Figures 13, 14 and 15 show a scraper used for making square or rectangular
boxes;
Figure 16 is a modified arrangement having fixed mandrils with the open ends
at opposite sides;
Figure 17 is another modification with a fixed draw head in the middle and
movable mandrils ;
Figures 18 and 19 show in side view and cross section an arrangement with one
mandril placed at one side of the machine only.
I will explain the working of the machine by describing in detail the example of
a complete double acting machine shown by Figures 1-9.
To the frames Z are fixed the mandrils aa and their opposites a³ a¹. The
draw heads B1, B2 and B³, B' respectively surrounding the mandrils a¹ a³ and a³ a³,
are made in one piece each pair; in the centre they are provided with female
screw thread, by means of which each double draw head is carried upon a spindle G
going right through the whole length of the machine. By means of a suitably
arranged reversing gear the screw spindle may be turned one way or the other,
causing the draw heads to go lengthways towards the right or left according to
the turning direction of the spindle G. The draw heads are guided in rails D D'
at their top and bottom; these rails preventing them at the same time from being
turned sideways.
When the machine has been set in motion, the paper blanks, which have been
provided with gluing material at one edge, are placed round the mandrils a¹ a² by
hand, then the draw heads B'B' are caused to pass along the mandrils over the
blanks put thereon forming the boxes S (Figure 2) and gluing them together at
the same time.
When the mandrils a² and a² are properly filled with box casings and the draw
heads having passed the last shell or blank the scrapers h' h², which are hinged to the
draw heads, or ³ h* respectively, slip down behind the edge of the last box and
the motion of the spindle is reversed, and now the sharp edges of the scrapers
press against this edge of the shell and push the boxes off from the mandrils a¹, a².
During the time now, when the scrapers begin their way back, the other
mandrils a³ at have been provided with paper blanks which will be pressed together
and glued by the draw heads B, B' on their way towards the right, and they in
their turn, will be pushed off when the draw heads and the scrapers B³ B and h³ h*,
respectively, move towards the left again and this play is repeated, always one
pair of mandrils being filled with blanks, which are glued while on the other pair
of mandrils the glued boxes are pushed off from the same.
h
The scrapers that push off the boxes S from the mandrils consist of two half
circular straps & surrounding the mandril (Figures 6 and 7) the one being hinged
to the draw head at the top the other at its bottom side, so that they can slip or
glide over the boxes in moving in one direction and that they press against the last
one in being pushed in the other direction and thus pushing the whole lot off from
the mandril.
As will be seen from Figures 1-5 the draw heads are provided with anti-
friction rollers r, fixed at the upper and lower side of the rails D and D'
respectively.
The reversing of the motion of the screw spindle is effected by a bar i having
two collars and 2 (Figures 1 and 2). Against the first one of these strikes the
eye y of the draw heads B' B, when the draw heads B1 B2 have passed the edge
of the last box S, and then the straps R R are pushed from their respective
pullies. The open belt R' being shifted upon the loose pulley T, by the fork, in
the middle between the two fast pullies T' T' on the shaft ; the crossed belt R
is at the same time shifted upon the fast pulley T' by means of the fork ³, and
thus the motion of the screw spindle G is reversed and the drawheads B¹ B² begin

page_text: their run back and B, B' advance forwards. At the end of this motion the eye y
strikes against the collar and the belts are brought back again into their first
position upon the pulleys.
In order to be able to vary the stroke, or the length of the run of the draw
heads, and also the useful length of the mandrils a, a, a, a, the collars, ³, can
be adjusted on the bar according to the desired length of the stroke, and the
mandrils themselves can also be adjusted by means of the set screws o¹ o² and o³ o*.
The principle of working is the same when the free ends of the mandrils stand
at opposite sides, as is shown in the skeleton Figure 16; the mandrils being mounted
and held fast in a block Z. A machine arranged according to this design works
alternately in the same manner as before described, while the boxes are glued and
finished on one side, they are shifted off from the other set of mandrils.
It is also the same principle of working when the draw heads are constructed as
fixtures, in the blocks Z and Z' as indicated in Figure 17, and the mandrils are
made to move to and fro. A nut G¹ being put on to the spindle G and carrying
the bars H, to the ends of which are fixed the mandrils a¹ a² and as a (two being
always supposed side by side as in the former cases) by means of connecting
pieces T.
Instead of the double acting machines described, above, where there are always
two pairs of mandrils supposed to be at work, it does of course alter nothing in the
working of the machine, when only one of the mandrils is used, which is so
arranged as to work alternately in the same manner as described before. A. machine
of this design is sketched in outlines in Figure 19, d and d' are the guides, e, e¹ are
the two frames carrying the same, g is the spindle and a is the mandril and 6 is the
draw head used, which may be guided in exactly the same manner as the draw
heads of any of the former designs.
When it is desired to make the covers or bottoms of the boxes, a separate bush
or matrice is put into the draw head, as is indicated in dotted lines in Figure 4,
this matrice being closed at one end, and before its open side is hinged a ring C
(Figures 4, 8 and 9) the hole in which is of same diameter as that in the box, that
is to say, equal to the diameter of the mandril with the box shell thereon and the
double thickness of the card board used.
The blank for making the top or bottom of a box is cut out circular and is
placed between the draw head and the ring C, and then the draw head is moved
towards the mandril (or vice versa) and thus the mandril presses the blank into the
hole in the box and forms the cover, which at the same time is fixed to the box.
The said movement is of course limited by the depth of the matrice.
38
The scrapers instead of being hinged to the draw heads may be fixed thereto by
bolts and they may be pressed down upon the mandrils by means of springs f.
These scrapers act exactly like the others, they glide along upon the shells (S) on
account of the rounded edge on one side, and their sharp edge shifts off the boxes
when moving in the opposite direction.
By means of my new machine boxes of any shape may be made, oval or
rectangular when suitably shaped mandrils and draw heads and scrapers are used.
Figures 14, 15 and 13 show a scraper for making rectangular boxes; it consists of
two parts h¹, h² being hinged on horizontal bolts of a matrice or draw head ex and
of two parts ³, being hinged on vertical bolts of the same piece ex; their
manner of working being the same as that of the two half circular scrapers h¹ h³
Figure 5.
When mandrils and draw heads of different shape are used in one and the same
machine boxes of corresponding and different shapes may be made at the same
time.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1. A machine for making boxes in which mandrila are arranged with their free

page_text: ends facing each other or having them situated at opposite sides and being provided
with draw heads moving thereon in such a manner, that, when going in one direction
the blanks, put upon one set of the mandrils, are shaped and glued to form the
shells of boxes, and that at the same time the finished boxes are pushed off from
the other set of mandrils by scrapers fixed to the draw heads and vice versa, when
the draw heads move in the other direction (Figures 1, 16 and 17).
2. The arrangement of mandrils and draw heads of various shape in one machine
for making differently shaped boxes by one machine.
3. In a machine for making boxes the use of one mandril only working with one
draw head shaping and gluing boxes on its way in one direction and pushing them
off when moving in the other direction.
4. The combination of a draw head with a scraper working in the manner
described and as shown.
5. A machine for making boxes having draw heads (B³, B². ) moving to and fro
and fixed mandrils (a' a²) or fixed draw heads and mandrils, being made to move to
and fro by means of a screw spindle (G) which by means of a selfacting reversing
gear i,,,y,, and pullies and belts T T' T', R and R' respectively, is made
to change the direction of its rotation so as to push the draw heads with the
scrapers in opposite direction.
Dated this 30th day of November 1892.
CARL SCHMIDT.
Karl J. Mayer,
Agent.