Improvements in the Means for and Method of. Glazing all kinds of Roofs, Sashes, Skylights, and such like for Horticultural and other Purposes:
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1895
Complete Specification + Left, 2nd Jan., 1896 Accepted, 8th Feb:, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means for and Method of. Glazing all kinds of
Roofs, Sashes, Skylights, and such like for Horticultural and
other Purposes:**
I, GEORGE MANSFIELD SMITH of The Paragon Patent Glazing and Roofing
Company of Rabone Lane Smethwick in the County of Stafford Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-.
This invention relates to a method whereby the glazing of all kinds of roofs,
sashes, skylights, and the like is carried out in a simple and effective manner and
with a saving of metal or material, as compared with existing methods and it
consists in providing sash bars. of metal (or sometimes of wood) studs and capping
in conjunction with the glass.;.these metal sash bars which are preferably solid and
of suitable dimensions are of a concave and; convex form respectively upon their
upper and lower surfaces,. (in transverse section).
Encasing the upper surfaces. of the sash bars are metal.covers of corresponding
shape thereto these are bent, drawn or otherwise, produced. from, sheet metal, the
sides thereof being turned over the sides of the metal sash.bars and curved upwards,
to form gutters running longitudinally up each side for condensation:+
The sash bars as also their covers are drilled at suitable intervals apart to admit
of the insertion thereinto. of vertical.screw studs. Fitting over the heads of the
studs, covers and sash bars, are caps formed of a suitable section and drawn or
otherwise produced from sheet metal, the sides of which after being bent at right
angles with the flat top spread out and terminate preferably in a slightly concave
form, the interior of these metal caps are provided with intermediate cross pieces
of metal with locking slots therein at intervals apart to correspond in position with
the before mentioned.studs..
The sash bars are drilled. at their bottom ends if necessary, to receive screw
threaded stops and nuts to prevent the glass panes from becoming misplaced or
slipping out.
The system of fixing and glazing is thus. The solid metal (or other) sash bars
are screwed or otherwise securely attached to the usual crosspieces of the frame-
work, the metal covers are then passed over the bars, the, panes of glass. are now
placed so that they rest upon the metal covers at the, parts where they are turned
over the sides of the sash bars, sufficient space exists between each individual.p
L.pane
to enable the studs to be screwed through the covers and into the sash bars, thus
the panes of glass fit nearly up to the studs on the one side, but allowing for
expansion, and to the framing upon the other, the metal caps are now fitted on, the
heads of the studs being received by the circular holes of the slots therein, the
necks of the studs pass into the narrower part of same when in position and firmly
connect and lock the capping, the terminal edges of which bear upon the upper
surface of the glass, thereby securely and rigidly fixing the whole.
My invention is equally applicable for glazing with wooden sash bars,..as
with metal.
By my internal locking arrangement the bars and their .fittings, with the glass
can be readily fixed and broken glass easily replaced; moreover by the use of the
top cap as described all external fastenings are dispensed with which is a great
advantage.

page_text: The panes of glass thus secured are rigidly retained in position between the
metal covers of the bars and the metal capping which crowns the same, thus
rendering the glass roofs, sashes, or skylights, or the like perfectly watertight.
Dated this 1st day of April 1895.
EDWD. J. PAYNE & SON,
104, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Patent Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in the Means for and Method of Glazing all kinds of
Roofs, Sashes, Skylights, and such like for Horticultural and
other Purposes.
I, GEORGE MANSFIELD SMITH of The Paragon Patent Roofing Company of
Rabone Lane Smethwick in the County of Stafford Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a method whereby the glazing of all kinds of roofs 1
sashes skylights and the like is carried out in a simple and effective manner and it
consists in providing sash bars of steel iron or other metal or sometimes of wood
with studs and capping in conjunction with the glass, the sash bars when of metal
may be of the sections shewn in the drawings such as concavo-convex or of a
square channel or other shape and of suitable dimensions, when of wood they may
be of the form (or other suitable form) as shewn.
Referring to the drawings in which similar letters of reference relate to
similar parts.
Figure 1. represents in elevation one forn according to my improvements with
a concavo-convex sash bar and top cap fixed.
:
Figure 2. represents a section of the top cap on the sash bar.
Figure 3. represents an inside plan of the top cap.
Figure 4. represents a plan without the top cap attached.
Figure 5. represents in elevation a square channel sash bar and top cap.
Figure 6. represents a solid wooden sash bar and its metal cover.
a. Figure 1 is a concavo-convex sash bar. b. is the cover composed of lead, zinc,
copper or other suitable metal, also of a concavo-convex form which corresponds
with the internal configuration of the sash bar a. this metal cover b. is curved
upwards upon each of its side extremities as at c. so that the cover encases the
sash bar upon its concave surface, the corrugations c. forming longitudinal gutters
for condensation purposes.
The sash bars a. as also their covers b. are drilled out with slots at suitable
intervals apart. to admit of the insertion thereinto of vertical screw studs d. which
are passed through the covers b. into the bars a. fitting over the heads of the
studs d. is a metallic cap or ridge piece e. formed of the section shewn or other
suitable section and which is drawn or otherwise produced from sheet metal the
sides of which after being formed at right angles with the flat top surface are of a
corrugated shape and spread out so that the side extremities terminate preferably
in a convexo-concave form, the interior of each metal cap e. is provided with an
intermediate plate or cross piece of metal f. having locking slots g. therein at
suitable intervals apart see Figure 3 to correspond in position with the before
mentioned studs d. The sash bars are drilled at their bottom ends to receive
suitable studs or stops for preventing the glass panes from slipping, and also for
locking the top caps in place.
The system of fixing and glazing is performed thus.
screwed or otherwise securely attached to the usual cross
The sash bars a. are
pieces h. Figure 4 of

page_text: the framework the metal covers b. are then passed over the bars a. the panes
of glass i. are now placed so that their lower surfaces shall rest upon the metal
covers b. at the parts where they are turned over the sides of the sash bars and
form the gutters c. sufficient space exists between each individual glass pane to
enable the studs d. to be screwed through the covers h. into the sash bars a. thus the
glass panes fit nearly up to the studs d. on the one side but allowing for expansion,
and to the framing of the wood work upon the other, the metallic caps e. are now
fitted in place the heads of the studs d. being received by the circular holes of the
locking slots g. of the caps, the necks of the studs pass into the narrower part of
same when the capping is brought into position and so firmly connects and locks
the capping, the terminal edges or sides of which bear upon the upper surface
of the glass as shewn in Figures 1 and 5 and thereby securely and rigidly fixing
the whole.
The general arrangements will be precisely similar to those already described,
when a square channel or other form of sash bar is used excepting that obviously
the cover b. will be of a similar configuration to the sash bar a as seen in Figure 5,
or when a wooden sash bar is used a metallic cover b. will be provided as seen in
Figure 6.
By my internal locking arrangement the sash bars and their fittings with the
glass can be readily fixed, and broken glass easily replaced, moreover by the use
of the top capping as described it will be clear that all external fastenings are
dispensed with which is a great advantage and the glass roofs sashes, or the like
are rendered perfectly watertight.
1 wish it to be understood that in carrying out my improvements I do not
necessarily limit myself to the precise details in the formation and construction of
the various parts herein set forth as I may modify the same to suit different
requirements without departing from the essential features of this my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is―
Firstly. The general improvements in the means for and method of glazing all
kinds of roofs, sashes, skylights, and such like for horticultural and other purposes,
the whole in combination as herein set forth described aud illustrated.
Secondly. I claim the application of the principle of my improved locking
arrangements, and to be employed in glazing roofs sashes, and skylights of all
kinds for horticultural and other purposes consisting of the metallic capping and
slotted locking plates therein, engaging with the locking studs, in combination with
the sash bars, and their metal covers, with the accessory parts, all arranged in
conjunction with the glass and operating in manner and for the purpose or purposes
as set forth and described.
Dated this 1st dex of Januar 1896
EDWD. J. PAYNE & SON,
104, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Patent Agents for the Applicant.