Improvements in the Manufacture of Shoe-spikes and in Means for Mounting the same.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1894
Complete Specification Left. 13th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 18th May, 1895.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Shoe-spikes and in Means for
Mounting the same.
I, JESSE HENRY SEXTON, of the Firm of H. Sexton and Sons, of St. Edmund's
Mills, Fishgate Street, Norwich, in the County of Norfolk, Boot and Shoe
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
'
This invention relates to spikes for cricket, tennis, running and other shoes for
athletic purposes, and to means for attaching the same to the soles of such shoes,
so that the spikes may not only be firmly held in position but the foot of the wearer
protected against injury or inconvenience in consequence of the shanks of the spikes
being forced upwards and the tread of the shoe rendered uneven.
In a shoe-spike formed according to my improved method, the upper extremity
of the spike proper terminates in a shoulder of sufficient width to afford a good
bearing against the outer surface of the shoe-sole. Above the shoulder is a stem,
the upper end of which is formed as a hollow cylinder having a thin wall, the stem
being of such a length that the upper extremity thereof projects above the inner
surface of the shoe-sole. About this projecting extremity is placed a thin metal
washer, and the thin edges of the stem are then expanded and spread over the
washer in the manner commonly adopted in fixing eyelets. Where the metal of the
spike is of such a temper or character as to admit of sufficient spread being obtained,
the washer may be dispensed with, and the thin edges of the hollow stem pressed
outwards and downwards against the upper surface of the sole leather.
With shoe-spikes constructed and mounted in the improved manner above
described, the employment of an inner sole to protect the foot from the inward
pressure of the spike is rendered unnecessary, a mere lining sufficing.
ليفع
1
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
:
Improvements in the Manufacture of Shoe-spikes and in Means for
Mounting the same.
I JESSE HENRY SEXTON of Saint Edmunds Mills Fishgate Street in the City
of Norwich a partner in the Firm of H. Sexton & Sons Boot and Shoe Manu-
facturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention consists of a spike combined with a means of attaching the same to
the sole which is suitable for cricket tennis running or other shoes (in which word
I of course include boots) for athletic purposes. The spikes now in general use for

page_text: cricket shoes consist of steel or iron spikes fixed into shoulders usually of brass:
having three screw holes such shoulders being fixed to the sole with ordinary screws
by means of a screwdriver, the spikes in general use for running shoes & for a
certain class of tennis shoes consist of steel or iron spikes with flat metal heads and
are fixed by being put through holes in the lower sole of the shoe before it is
stitched to the upper or insole the fat heads lying between the two soles. The
former spikes require considerable care in fixing and soon become loose, whilst
the latter generally get forced upwards in the wear of the shoe and the tread of the
latter thus rendered uneven to the great discomfort of the wearer. A spike made
in the manner about to be described can be simply and quickly fixed & when fixed
is firmly held in position & the tread of the shoe is not liable to get uneven as with
ordinary running shoe spikes-moreover the employment of an insole to protect as
far as possible the foot from inward pressure is rendered unnecessary a mere lining
sufficing.
.
In carrying out my said invention I manufacture a spike of ordinary shape of iron
or mild steel or other hard metal having its upper extremity terminating in a
shoulder of sufficient width to afford a good bearing against the outer or lower
surface of the sole of the shoe. Above the shoulder is a round stem having its
upper end formed as a hollow cylinder with a thin wall; the solid part of the stem
should be slightly shorter than the thickness of the sole of the shoe and the hollow
part of such a length that when the stem is put through the sole the upper end or
cylindrical part of the stem projects beyond the leather sufficiently to be expanded
or clinched in the manner hereinafter mentioned and when so expanded or clinched
to hold firmly in the sole. In conjunction with the spike manufactured as before
mentioned I may use a thin metal washer to slip over the end or cylindrical part
of the stem before it is clinched but I find that the spike may be fixed almost if not
equally as well without a washer, & on the whole I prefer to dispense with it. To
fix' the spike to the shoe I punch a hole in the sole of just sufficient size to allow the
stem to be pushed through. I put the stem through from the lower or outer side
till the shoulder lies against the leather & then expand or clinch the edges of the
cylinder over the upper or inner surface of the leather in the manner commonly
adopted in fixing eyelets. If I use a washer I slip the same over the projecting end
of the stem before expanding the cylinder. The spikes may be fixed either before
or after the sole is stitched to the upper hat I find it better to fix them beforehand.
The expanding or clinching can be done with an ordinary steel hand punch in a die.
The size of the spike proper (ie. from the point to the shoulder) will of course be
regulated by the class of shoe for which it is intended and may be of the same sizes
as the common class of spikes now used for different descriptions of shoes; the
width of the shoulder and the thickness of the stem and the width of the washer
(if used) may vary according to the taste of the maker'so long as the shoulder and
washer (if used) are respectively wide enough to give a firm bearing against the
leather and the cylinder large enough to stand the strain when clinched. For an
ordinary cricket shoe with a sole inch thick I find that the various parts may
suitably be of the following approximate sizes the spike inch in length from
print to shoulder and 16 inch in diameter at the shoulder, the shoulder inch in
inch in diameter and inch in length (the solid part being
slightly shorter than the thickness of the leather) the wall of the cylinder say 40 inch
in thickness but tapering at the edge-total length from point of spike to end
of stem inch: If a washer were used with this spike it would be just big enough
to slip on the stem and' about inch in diameter: I do not of course limit myself
to these sizes. For other shoes I'vary the sizes of the parts other than the spike
proper (which may be said to be regulated by public taste) chiefly according to the
thickness and quality of the sole. With a very thin sole it may be better to have
(proportionately) a slightly longer or deeper cylinder to the stem or if a washer is
used a slightly larger washer append to this my Specification a-sheet of
drawings illustrating my invention..
stem'
"
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page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
An improved shoe spike for athletic purposes. being a combination of an ordinary
spike with a shoulder and a stem terminating in a cylinder constructed and operating
with or without a loose washer as herein described.
Dated the 14th day of February 1895.
JESSE HENRY SEXTON.