IMPROVEMENTS IN SIZING, DRYING, AND WARPING YARNS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to 'George Edmond Donisthorpe, of Leeds, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SIZING, DRYING, AND WARPING YARNS FOR
WEAVING."
Sealed the 15th November 1861, and dated the 20th May 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION leli. by the said George Edmond Donis-
thorpe at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 20th May 1861.
I, GEORGE EDMOND DONISTHORPE, of Leeds, do hereby declare the nature
of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SIZING, DRYING, AND WARPING YARNS
FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in sizing, drying, and
warping yarns for weaving. For these purposes, in order that warp beams of
looms may be dispensed with, and the ordinary warping of yarns on to long
beams be avoided, the yarns to form a warp are unwound from the cops or
bobbins in comparatively small quantities, and are subjected to the sizing
process; they are then wound on to short bobbins made with very thin walls
or flanges, so that by a series of such bobbins being placed end to end on a
square or other formed shaft they may constitute the warp beam of a loom.
It is preferred that the bobbins should only be a few inches long (by preference
two or three inches long), as by such means the warping may be more
uniformly performed than when winding on a considerable length of warp
[Price 8d.]

page_text: beam. The yarns as they come from the cops or bobbins are subjected to the
sizing process, and by reason of thus using short bobbins with thin walls or
flanges on a shaft to constitute a warp beam, each quantity of the warp
suitable to fill such a bobbin may be sized at one time, and after being sized
and pressed such quantity may be dried by being passed spirally round two
rollers (one or both being heated), and thence directly on to the bobbin which
is to serve as part of a warp beam, and thus at one winding the yarns will be
sized, dried, and warped ready for weaving. By the system above described
the requisite width of warp beam will in each case be made up by placing a
series of the bobbins with thin walls or flanges on to a shaft.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Edmond Donisthorpe in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 20th November 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
EDMUND DONISTHORPE, of Leeds, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said George Edmund Donisthorpe, Her special licence that I, the said George
Edmund Donisthorpe, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said George Edmund Donisthorpe, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN SIZING, DRYING, AND WARPING YARNS FOR WEAVING," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said George Edmund Donisthorpe,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Edmund Donisthorpe, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is

page_text: to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in sizing, drying, and
warping yarns for weaving. For these purposes, in order that warp beams
of looms may be dispensed with, and the ordinary warping of yarns on to
long beams be avoided, the yarus to form a warp are unwound from the cops
or bobbins in comparatively small quantities, and are subjected to the sizing
process; they are then wound on to short bobbins made with very thin walls
or flanges, so that by a series of such bobbins being placed end to end on a
square or other formed shaft they may constitute the warp beam of a loom.
It is preferred that the bobbins should only be a few inches long (by pre-
ference, two or three inches long,) as by such means the warping may be
more uniformly performed than when winding-on a considerable length of
warp beam. The yarns as they come from the cops or bobbins are subjected
to the sizing process, and byreason of thus using short bobbins with thin walls
or flanges on a shaft to constitute a warp beam each quantity of the warp
suitable to fill such a bobbin may be sized at one time, and after being sized
and pressed such quantity may be dried by being passed spirally round two
rollers(one or both being heated),and thence directly on to the bobbin, which
is to serve as part of a warp beam, and thus at one winding the yarns will be
sized, dried, and warped ready for weaving. By the system above described
the requisite width of warp beam will in each case be made up by placing a
series of the bobbins with thin walls or flanges on to a shaft.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I will proceed more fully
to describe the manner of performing the same.
out
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figurelshews an end elevation of machinery arranged suitably for carrying
my Invention; Figure 2 is a plan of parts of Figure 1; and Figure 3
shews one of the bobbins on to a series, of which a warp is wound in sections
from cops or from bobbins, the yarns being sized and dried in their passage
intermediate of the cops or bobbins and the warp bobbins.
In the Drawing, a, a, are a series of cops of yarns on spindles; or, in place
of cops, yarns may be nnwound from bobbins mounted on axes carried by a
suitable frame. The yarns from the cops a, a, are conducted upwards, and
pass over supporting rods, thence through a plate b, thence through reeds c
and d, and thence between a pair of sizing and pressing rollers e, e, one of
which is on the driving shaft k, and revolves in the sizing trough.
The sizing trough,shown in Figures 1 and 2, is of the ordinary description,

page_text: but in place of such a trough I employ in practice a trough of the construction
shown in Figures 4 and 5, of which the former is a plan, and the latter a
transverse section. It is divided into two parts, an upper and a lower; in
the lower, which is marked a, the size is kept heated to the proper temperature
in any convenient manner. b is the upper compartment, in which the size
roller c is mounted; d is a small drum mounted on an axis uear the bottom
of the compartment a, and e is a similar drum carried by suitable standards
over the upper compartment b. Round these two drums an endless tape is
arranged; it passes through the bottom of the compartment 6 by a passage or
pipe f. The upper drum e is driven by a band actuated in any convenient
manner, and pussing around the pulley g. The tape as it travels brings up
the fluid size with it, and discharges it into the upper compartment, the edge
of the pipe or passage facting as a scraper to remove the size from the tape;
any excess of size which may be raised flows back by the pipe finto the lower
compartment. In this manner the size in the upper compartment is kept to a
uniform level,and thesize rollerebeing always immersed to the same depth, will
take up the size more regularly than when the depth ofits immersion is subject to
variation. The yarns then pass spirally around two rollersfandg,both of which
may be hollow, and heated with stean; the Drawings however, shew only the
lower roller g arranged for being heated by steam. From the drying rollers
the yarns pass through the reeds hand i, and are then wound or warped on to
the barrels of the bobbins j, so that on a series of these bobbiusj being placed
side by side on a proper axis a warp beam for a loom with a warp thereon will
be produced, the warp being in separate sections, and each section on a sepa-
rate bobbin. By reason of the yarns being thus warped on to the barrels of
short bobbins the sections of warps will not be liable to injury when being
carried from place to place,and such separate sections ofwarps may be packed
for transport more conveniently than when complete warps are warped on to
warp beams. The ends or flanges of these bobbins are made of thin metal so
as to occupy but little space when placed side by side with their barrels on a
proper axis. The projecting ends of the flanges or bobbins may be, however,
arrangedtoberemovedafterthewarpingof the yarns on the barrels,or such ends
or flanges may be removed when putting the barrels of the bobbins on to an
ax, with the thorean is to form the warp hean of a loom. The
sections of warps thus wound on the barrels of separate bobbins will not be
liable to injury when once on a proper axis,although the walls or flanges may
have been removed from the barrels of the bobbins. Motion is communicated
from the shaft, which receives motion from a steam engine or other power
to the various parts of the machine in the following manner :-On the axis

page_text: in a cog wheel, which takes into and drives the intermediate cog wheel m,
which takes into and drives another intermediate wheel n, which takes into
and drives the cog wheel o, on the axis of which is a cylinder 2, which rotates'
between the projecting ends or flanges of the bobbin j, the barrel of which
rests on the cylinder q, and by its rotation such cylinder causes the barrel of
the bobbin to rotate, and to wind on the yarns. The bobbin j is placed on an
axis between two discs or plates carried by the arm p, the weight of which,
together with the parts carried thereby, are sufficient to cause the bobbin j to
press with sufficient weight on the cylinder q to enable that cylinder to give a
rotatory motion to the bobbin j. On the shaft is also fixed a cog wheel r,
which takes into and drives an intermediate cog wheel s, which takes into and
drives another intermediate cog wheel t, which takes into and drives the cog
wheel on the axis of the drying cylinder g.
In order to count and record the number of yards warped on to the bobbin j
an ordinary counting apparatus is applied at w,and in order to count and record
the number of rotations of the bobbin j another ordinary counting apparatas
is applied at y.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I make no claim to
any of the mechanical parts herein described; but what I claim is, the warping
of yarns in sections on separate bobbins suitable for being placed on an axis,
and used as a warp beam of a loom as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Edmund Donisthorpe, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
GEORGE EDMUND DONISTHORPE. (L.S.)