IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF OILS FOR PAINTING OR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John More, of Lee, in the County of Kent,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF OILS FOR
PAINTING OR OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 5th April 1870, and dated the 9th October 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John More at the
"Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th October 1869.
I, JOHN MORE, of Lee, in the County of Kent, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF
OILS FOR PAINTING OR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the use of copper or any substance having
copper in combination as a medium for the preparation of oil for
painting or other purposes.
I place the oil in contact with the copper or other substance having
copper in combination, by preference using one or the other of the

page_text: following methods, though I do not restrict myself to their use alone :-
I put the copper or other substance having copper in combination into
vessels containing the oil, and allow the connection to continue until the
desired improvement in the oil has been produced. Or I place the
copper or other substance having copper in combination in troughs or
vessels, and cause the oil to flow over the said copper or other substance
having copper in combination until the improvement has taken place.
Or I put the oil into vessels formed of copper or other substance having
copper in combination, and allow the oil to remain therein until the
improvement has been effected.
The improvement in the oil is caused by the action of the copper
thereon chemically or otherwise, by which the oil takes up or combines
with a certain proportion of the copper.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John More in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1
9th April 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
MORE, of Lee, in the County of Kent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of October, in the year of 2
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said John More, Her special licence, that I, the
said John More, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said John More, my executors, administrators, and 2
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF OILS FOR PAINTING OR
OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
John More, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed

page_text: in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John More, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof:-
My Invention consists in the use of copper or any substance having
copper in combination as a medium for the preparation of oil for
painting or other purposes.
I place the oil in contact with the copper or other substance having
copper in combination, by preference using one or the other of the
following methods, though I do not restrict myself to their use alone:-
I put the copper or other substance having copper in combination into
vessels containing the oil, and allow the connection to continue until
the desired improvement in the oil has been produced; or I place the
copper or other substance having copper in combination in troughs or
vessels and cause the oil to flow over the said copper or other substance
having copper in combination until the improvement has taken place;.
or I put the oil into vessels formed of copper or other substance having
copper in combination, and allow the oil to remain therein until the
improvement has been effected.
The improvement in the oil is caused by the action of the copper
thereon chemically or otherwise, by which the oil takes up or combines
with a certain proportion of the copper.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood
I shall now proceed to describe certain methods by which my said
improvements may be judiciously carried into practice.
My improvements in oils are effected by bringing the oil in contact
with copper or any combination of copper with other metals or minerals,
or any substance whatever which contains copper in any degree. The
improvement is due to the action of the copper, the connection being
continued until the oil is saturated with the copper, which is the
improvement desired.
To any kind of oil I add copper or any substance having copper in
combination, the proportion being regulated by the quantity of oil to be
operated upon, the larger the proportion of copper the more expeditiously
will the improvement be effected; and although I find that the likę

page_text: beneficial results are produced on almost all kinds of oil, yet for the
purposes herein described I prefer to use linseed oil.
In tanks, vats, casks, or any suitable vessels I place copper, in the form
of wire cuttings or filings; I then fill the said vessels with oil, and
allow the oil and copper to remain in this condition for fourteen or
twenty-one days (more or less). I frequently agitate the oil or vessels
containing the oil during the process, which greatly facilitates the
operation. At the expiration of this period all the essential improve-
ments will have been produced in the oil by the action of the copper.
Or in suitable vessels I place any substance whatever having copper
in combination, and fill the said vessels with oil, the connection being
continued until the improvement has been effected, as already described
in the first method. Or I place the copper or other substance having
copper in combination in suitable troughs or vessels, and cause the oil
to flow continuously from one trough or vessel to another until the
desired improvement in the oil has been produced. Or in the vessels
containing the oil I place the oxides or hydrated oxides of copper, and
allow the connection to continue, as already described in the first
method, until the desired improvement has been effected. The oxides
or hydrated oxides of copper effect the improvement in the oil more
rapidly, though at greater cost, than by the copper in any of the forms
previously described. Further, the application of heat to the oil or
vessels containing the oil greatly facilitates the operation of improvement
in any of the processes herein described.
The copper acts as a clarifier, also as a drier on oils thus prepared, and
converts linseed oil into a rich green color. Oils treated by my process
are preferable to boiled linseed oil for the general purposes of painting
and decorating; also for painting ships, houses, iron, wood, or stone;
likewise for making tarpaulings and wax cloths, as well as for other
purposes where oils are used.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
Invention, and the manner in which the same may be carried into effect,
I may observe, in conclusion, that I do not restrict or confine myself to
the precise details of the methods or processes which I have had
occasion to describe, as many variations may be made therefrom without
departure from the principles or main features of my Invention; but
what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the

page_text: Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent is,-
Firstly. The improvement of oils by subjecting them to the action of
copper or any combination of copper with other metals or minerals, or
any substance whatever which contains copper in any degree, as herein
described.
Secondly. The improvement of oils by the mixture therewith of
copper in any of its forms, as applicable to all or various manufacturing
and industrial purposes without limitation, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John More, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventh day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
W. HUNTER,
Alliance Chambers,
Borough.
T. R. TROWER,
Clerk to Mr. Morton,
Alliance Chambers,
Borough.
JOHN MORE. (L.S.)