for Storing Ærated and other Liquids and Substances.
Year: 1887

page_text: for Storing Ærated and other Liquids and Substances.
1 EGBERT GRANT HOOPER of 24 Bloomfield Terrace, Buckingham Palace Road,
London S. W., Analytical Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
Many liquids & solids suffer deterioration on exposure to air, whilst in the case of
æerated beverages charged with gas under pressure it is the common practice to put
into separate bottles the small quantity usually consumed at once thus greatly
increasing the cost.
This invention purposes to meet these difficulties by the construction of vessels of
improved character & design suitable for the storage of solids such as deliquescent
compounds or articles of food, liquids which suffer change on exposure to air or æerated
beverages which require to be kept under pressure.
First I propose to make these vessels of cylindrical shape & of impervious material
using for the larger sizes metal, enamelled plated or otherwise prepared with special
reference to the proposed contents, & for the smaller sizes, earthenware, china, glass,
cement or other substance of similar character.
Secondly I purpose fitting these vessels with a cap end or ends fastened by a
bayonet joint in which the studs are held in place & prevented from slipping by the
outer portion of the inclined slot being filled with a plug formed of wood or other
suitable material.
Thirdly, where these vessels are used for the storage of liquids of which portions are
to be withdrawn from time to time I intend to fit them with a plunger made air &
water-tight by means of a cup leather & forced forward by a spring or springs or by
other suitable means.
Lastly the vessels purposed to be used under this invention may be made wholly of
one material or of a combination of materials; a suitable air & water-tight collar or
packing may be applied at the junction of the body of the cylinder & the removable

page_text: end or ends; the cylinders may be provided with any desired tap bung or other holes
capable of being suitably closed; the side or sides of the cylinder may or may not as
desired project beyond the ends so as to form a chime as in the case of an ordinary
cask or barrel; wooden hoops may be placed around the outside of the cylinders for
protection; the studs before mentioned may if desired be grooved or the ends may be
turned up so as the better to grip the rim of the cylinder end; provision may be made
for the withdrawal of the plunger to the top of the cylinder & its retention there by
a suitable catch without removing the end of the cylinder, & the water & air-tight
collar of the plunger may be made of india-rubber, leather or any other suitable
substance or inaterial.
Dated this 21st day of October 1887.

page_text: Improvements in and in Connection with Casks or Similar Vessels
for Storing Ærated and other Liquids and Substances.
I EGBERT GRANT HOOPER of 24 Bloomfield Terrace, Buckingham Palace Road
London. Analytical Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
Many liquids & solids suffer deterioration on exposure to air whilst in the case of
erated beverages charged with gas under pressure it is the common practice to put
into separate bottles the small quantity usually consumed at once, thus greatly
increasing the cost.
This invention purposes to meet these difficulties by the construction of vessels of
improved character & design suitable for use in the preparation or storage, or
preparation and storage, of solids such as deliquescent compounds or articles of
food; of liquids such as fermenting or fermented beverages or others which suffer
change on exposure or from which it is intended for any purpose to exclude air; or
others again which it is desired to keep under pressure either to confine any gas with
which they may be charged or for other reason.
First 1 propose to make these vessels of cylindrical shape & of impervious
material such as metal, (either enamelled, plated or otherwise prepared with special
reference to the proposed contents or not), earthenware, china, glass, cement, or other
substance of similar character.
. Secondly, these vessels may be fitted, or not, with a cap end or ends, fastened by a
bayonet joint in which the studs are held in place & prevented from slipping by the
outer portion of the inclined slot being filled in with a removable plug of wood or
other material, as at A B Fig. I, & such removable end or ends may be made to fit
air & water-tight by means of leather, rubber or packing of any kind applied at the
point of junction.
Thirdly these vessels may be fitted with a plunger, diaphragm or movable end or ends
made air & water-tight by means of a cup-leather or cup-shaped collar, fitted in a recess
on its periphery, as shown in section at D D Figs. II & III, this plunger, diaphragm
or movable end or ends being kept in contact with the contents of the vessel either by
being weighted, by the pressure of a spring or springs acting on the outer surface of
the diaphragm or diaphragms, as at E Fig. II & at F F Fig. III, by the pulling
force of a spring connecting the inner surface of the diaphragms as at G Fig. 1V or of
one such surface & a fixed end as at H Fig. V, or by other suitable means.
Such a plunger or diaphragm as is thus described permits of the withdrawal of the
contents of the vessel whilst preserving the pressure under which they are stored, &
at the same time excluding contact with the outside air. And the collar with which
it is fitted, though offering little resistance to the withdrawal of the plunger when the
force actuating it is withdrawn, yet fits the tighter in proportion to the pressure
exerted.

page_text: .
Provision may be made for the withdrawal of the plunger or plungers to
the end or ends of the vessel by fitting the outer surface with a hook, ring or other
appliance, as at J J Figs. III, IV & V, to which attachment may be made & the
force necessary for such withdrawal be applied, & the plunger or plungers being
withdrawn may be retained in such position by means of a suitable pin or catch
connecting such hook, ring or attaching point on the outer surface of the diaphragm
with the cap end or ends, as at K Fig. VI.
Lastly the vessels purposed to be used under this invention may be made wholly of
one material or of a combination of materials & may be provided with any desired
bung or other holes capable of being suitably closed; the side or sides of the cylinders
may or may not, as desired, project beyond the ends so as to form a chime as in the
case of an ordinary cask or barrel; wooden or other hoops may be placed around the
outside of the cylinders for protection; the studs connecting the cylinder with the cap
end or ends may, if desired, be grooved or turned up so as to grip the better in the
bayonet slot, & the cup-leather or collar of the plunger or diaphragmn may be made of
india-rubber, leather or any other suitable substance or material.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said Invention
& in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
First The use of a cup-leather," or cup-shaped collar of a flexible material,
borne upon the periphery of a plunger or movable diaphragm or cylinder-end, for
making an air & water-tight connection between such diaphragm, or cylinder-end or
ends, & the wall or walls of cylindrical vessels, where such vessels are used for the
preparation or storage of liquids or solids substantially as described.
Secondly The use of a spring or springs for keeping a movable end or the
movable ends of a cylindrical vessel, or of a movable diaphragm, or diaphragms
within such a vessel, constantly in contact with the contents thereof whatever the
quantity or bulk, such spring or springs being either coiled between the outer surface
of the inovable diaphragm or cylinder end & the fixed cap or end of such cylinder,
or an outside support, or else connecting the inner surfaces of two movable diaphragms,
or of one such diaphragm & a fixed end, as above set forth.
Thirdly The use of a plug for maintaining the position of the studs in the slots of
a bayonet attachment, thus preventing any spontaneous loosening of the cap ends of
the cylinders as described, and
Lastly The separate or combined use of such novel features as are herein
described.
Dated the Thirteenth day of July One thousand eight hundred & eighty eight.