matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN FOG SIGNALS FOR THE RAILS OF RAILWAYS.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Ludlow at the Office of the
Cominissioners of Patents on the 2nd August 1883.
EDWIN LUDLOW of Birmingham in the County of Warwick Manufacturer.
"AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN FOG SIGNALS FOR THE RAILS OF RAILWAYS.'
נו
My invention has reference to the lead or other soft metal clips by which fog
signals are secured to the rails of railways and my said invention consists of the
improvement or improvements hereinafter described in connecting the said lead or
other soft metal clips to the bottom shells of the fog signals.
The said soft metal clips are ordinarily connected to the bottom shells of the fog
signals either by soldering or by riveting.
In connecting the soft metal clips according to my invention I proceed as
follows:-I form along the middle part of the bottom shell of the fog signal two
parallel cars. These ears cross the shell nearly in the direction of a diameter and
are situated on the under or concave side of the shell and at a distance apart about
equal to the width of the lead or soft metal clip to be attached to the shell. These
cars are made by piercing the shell at the required places and raising the pierced
parts at right angles to the shell. The said ears may have a length about one
third the diameter of the shell but I do not limit myself to any particular length
of the cars.
The soft metal clip being placed between the raised ears described at
the middle of the bottom shell the said ears are closed or turned down upon the
opposito edges and parts of the face of the soft metal clip so as to grip and fix it
securely in its place on the underside of the bottom shell of the fog signal.
Or instead of a single pair of cars two or more pairs of short or small ears
situated at a short distance apart may be formed on the underside of the bottom
shell
In this case the soft metal clip instead of being held in its place by continuous
ears as described is held in its place by pairs of ears gripping it at short
distances apart
IMPROVE- MENTS IN UMBRELLAS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th November 1883. Communicated
to him from abroad by Knauth and Company of Leipzig, Robert Geisler, of
Leipzig, and Wilhelm Jaedicke, of Berlin, all in the German Empire,
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN UMBRELLAS," a communication to me from abroad by Knauth and
Company of Leipzig, Robert Geisler, of Leipzig, and Wilhelm Jaedicke, of Berlin,
all in the German Empire,
This invention relates to an umbrella capable of closing automatically and which
requires no special mechanism to remain closed, while the frame is adapted to turn
freely on the stick.
The improved umbrella chiefly comprises the following parts.
On the stick, consisting of a metal tube which may be suitably lined with wood,
is mounted a runner having a ring holding the stretchers connected with each
other by means of curved springs of a peculiar shape, and which cause the umbrella
to close automatically. These springs are held on the stretchers by means of
sleeves or clips and mounted in such manner that the bulged parts of two
contiguous springs touch each other between two stretchers.
The contiguous springs are connected by coupling sleeves made adjustable so as
to permit to vary the tension of the springs.
The rings holding the ribs and the runner with the ring holding the stretchers
are adapted to turn on the stick so as to permit the whole frame to turn freely on
the latter.
When the umbrella is opened the runner is firmly held between a pin mounted
at the upper end of the stick (below the top notch) and a spring one end of which
is fixed inside of the hollow stick and which passes through a slot in a vertically
movable rod, projecting at the other end through an aperture of the stick.
The rod or spindle holding the spring is made longitudinally adjustable and
connected with a suitable mechanism near the handle permitting the adjusting of
the spindle whereby the spring is caused to recede into the stick or protrude from
the same which motion fixes or releases the runner in order to open or close the
umbrella.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLING ELECTRIC ACCUMULATORS EMPLOYED FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MOTIVE POWER FOR APPLICATION TO VARIOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Charles Henderson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th October 1883. Commu-
nicated to him from abroad by Gustave Philippart, Civil Engineer of the city
of Paris in the Republic of France
ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON of 47 Museum Street, Oxford Street, in the
Parish of Bloomsbury and County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLING
ELECTRIC ACCUMULATORS EMPLOYED FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MOTIVE POWER FOR
APPLICATION TO VARIOUS PURPOSES A communication to me from abroad by
Gustave Philippart, Civil Engineer of the city of Paris in the Republic of France
This invention relates to a novel method of regulating to a nicety the delivery of
electric accumulators, and varying as desired the intensity of the current, and
consequently the power produced.
The circuit of the electric motor is divided into two distinct parts, one being the
circuit of the electro-magnets or exciting circuit; the other being the principal
circuit.
A battery of accumulators is introduced in the principal circuit, composed of a
certain number of elements working constantly and in entirety
The accumulators may be of any known system, but preference is given to those
already Patented by M* Philippart on the 22 September 1883 N° 4531
An independent battery is introduced in the circuit of the electro-magnets, so
that by aid of a commutator, the current of the whole or a part of the elements
forming this battery can be directed to the electro-magnets by coupling all the
elements together or only partly so connecting them
The result of this novel combination is, that without varying the number of
accumulators of the principal circuit, by increasing or diminishing the number of
elements of the exciting circuit, the delivery of the principal current is reduced or
increased and consequently the force produced is effected in like proportion, a
result which up to the present time has only been imperfectly attained by
increasing or reducing the power of a single current.

page_text: The same result may be produced by introducing a variable resistance in the
circuit of the exciting battery.
Or a similar effect may be attained by a single battery of accumulators by
directing a current from the principal battery, to the exciting circuit of the electro-
magnets of the machine, and by aid of a commutator employing the whole or a
part of the elements of this battery.
It should be observed that if the principle of varying the current by the
introduction of resistance in the exciting circuit of the electro-magnets is not new
and has already been employed, it has never been used with accumulators in the
manner above described for regulating the delivery of the battery and varying the
force produced as desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Swaine and Martin Henry
Edmund Albrecht at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
29th June 1883.
BENJAMIN SWAINE, of Armley, near Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer, and
MARTIN HENRY EDMUND ALBRECHT, of Park Place, Leeds, in the said County,
Mercbant, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS"
Our Invention of improvements in the permanent way of railways has for
object to obviate the shocks to which rolling stock is subject when passing
over the so called square butt joints of the rails as at present formed. For
this purpose we so shape and arrange the ends of the rails as to form a bevil
joint such as will ensure a continuous bearing for the wheels during their passage
over the joint, where the rail ends are according to our invention arranged sido by
side a wheel when passing a joint instead of having to go over a gap will, bo
supported simultaneously by two rails. At the joints thus formed we secure the
rails together by suitable bolts and plates. We make these joints right handed at
one side of the track, and left handed at the other side, in suchwise that such
joints shall not present facing points to the flanges of the wheels of the rolling
stock when moving in the forward direction.
The use of our invention by suppressing jolting will add considerably to the
comfort of railway passengers.
Moreover the durability of the permanent way and of the rolling stock generally
will be increased, thereby effecting a considerable saving in the working expenses
of railways.
There will likewise be less liability of engines or vehicles being thrown off the
line.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PENS FOR ORNAMENTAL WRITING
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hendrie Thomson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th December 1883.
WILLIAM HENDRIE THOMSON, of Lorraine Road, Holloway, in the county_of
Middlesex, " IMPROVEMENTS IN PENS FOR ORNAMENTAL WRITING,"
My invention has for its object to produce parallel lines of different shades or
different colours by one stroke of the pen, instead of producing one shade or colour
after the other.
For this purpose the pen consists of two strips of sheet metal rivetted or
otherwise fastened together at one end, while near the other end the two strips
are bulged outward, so that their extremities converge and touch each other like
the two halves of a drawing pen, and that a space for holding ink is formed between
the two strips.
The inside of the upper piece or strip is provided with one or more grooves
running towards the edge of the pen and serving to conduct the ink down to the
paper.
If ink is filled into the rhombical or oblong space between the two halves the
ink will chiefly run along the grooves and will form strong lines at the extremity
of the same, while that part of the edge situated between the grooves will get very
little ink and consequently produce a faint but broad line.
In order to write with different colours, the upper half of the pen or upper strip
is divided into as many parallel strips as there are colours, each strip being suitably
separated from its neighbour and provided on its inside (which is the lower side in
writing) with one or more grooves.
Any ink of suitable thickness may be used with this pin for instance aniline ink
or dye mixed with gum, glue or other suitable thickening 'substance.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE PROCESS OF DISCHARGING VESSELS CONTAINING LIQUIDS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hugh Lamont Orr at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th November 1883.
HUGH LAMONT ORR of Belfast in the County of Antrim in Ireland IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE PROCESS OF DISCHARGING VESSELS CONTAINING LIQUIDS AND IN
APPARATUS THEREFOR
My invention has reference to casks and other airtight or substantially airtight
vessels employed for transporting and storing spirits wines oils milk molasses and
other liquid materials and provides a simple and effective means of raising and
discharging the contents of such casks or other vessels
Instead of introducing into the Cask or other vessel a pipe or syphon in which
the air has been exhausted I force air into the cask or other vessel and thus drive
the contained liquid up through a tube or pipe which conveys it into any other
desired receptacle or position
For this purpose I employ an air pump or bellows from which a pipe or tube
passes into the cask or other vessel through the bung hole or other opening. The
pipe or tube is tightly packed in the bunghole or other opening and is provided
with a stop cock or air valve to relieve the pressure of the air in the cask or other
vessel when necessary.
.
The outflow of the liquid is conducted to the other desired receptacle or position
by means of a discharge pipe or tube passing through the air pipe or tube or
inserted into a hole in the Cask or other vessel in which it is also tightly packed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER AND MACHINERY OR APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Solomon Hart, of Hull, in the county of York, Builder
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER AND
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS THEREFOR "
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Solomon Hart at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1883.
SOLOMON HART, of Hull, in the county of York, Builder, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER AND MACHINERY OR APPARATUS THEREFOR "
This invention relates to improvements in obtaining motive power and machinery
or apparatus therefor.
A suitable arrangement for carrying out my invention is as follows:-
In suitable bearings I place a shaft having a fly wheel or not and provided with
a number of cranks; to each crank is connected by means of a link or otherwise
one end of a lever moving on a fulcrum, the other end of the lever being connected
by means of another link to a wheel on a shaft also baving cranks, such cranks
being connected in a manner similar to that hereinbefore described with other
series of wheels and levers on cranked shafts and so on; the last shaft of the series
has wheels for the levers as before, but only one or two cranks for connecting with
the motive power which may be manual, steam, water or otherwise.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO INVALID-COUCHES, CARRIAGES AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES FOR SITTING OR RECLINING UPON
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Dickinson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st August 1883.
WILLIAM DICKINSON of Manchester in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO INVALID-COUCHES, CARRIAGES AND OTHER SIMILAR
ARTICLES FOR SITTING OR RECLINING UPON "
The object of this invention is so to improve an invalid bed that the invalid can
attend to the requirements of nature without being disturbed or lifted up as is
the case when a bed-pan or other receptacle has to be placed beneath him.
In carrying out my invention I form an aperture or opening through the
mattress which is closed by an upholstered pad which when in position in the
aperture comes perfectly flush with the upper surface of the mattress and renders
the same as comfortable as an ordinary mattress. This pad is however capable of
decending into a sliding receptacle beneath the mattress for which purpose it is
guided up and down in suitable slides which prevent it turning round and is
operated by a screw and bevil gearing actuated by a winch handle conveniently
disposed at the side of the bed-stead. The receptacle before mentioned is also
capable when the pad is in its lowered position of sliding either sideways or
lengthways of the bed-stead in order to bring a bed-pan contained in the same
receptacle under the now open orifice and thus the invalids requirements can be
attended to without his moving at all a convenience of great moment where he is
suffering from extreme weakness or cannot be moved without inflicting much pain
and suffering One of the sides or ends of the receptacle is suitably hinged so as
to facilitate the removal of the pan. I prefer to operate the sliding receptacle by
a pair of toothed racks gearing with pinions upon a shaft having a winch handle
at one extremity but it will be obvious that it may be operated in any other
suitable manner, or instead of sliding sideways the pad might be lowered and tho
bed-pan supported upon the top of the pad
These improvements although only described with reference to an invalid's bed
are equally applicable to invalid carriages and to new or existing bed-steads.
OF TOOL FOR SPOKE-SHAVING OR SIMILAR USES."
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Matthews at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th August 1883.
JOHN MATTHEWS of Sheffield in the County of York
CONSTRUCTION OF TOOL FOR SPOKE-SHAVING OR SIMILAR USES."
" AN IMPROVED
This Invention relates to the construction or manufacture of an improved tool
for cutting or shaving spokes (known in the tool trade as a "spoke shave") or for
other similar shaving or cutting purposes, whereby the cutting or shaving part of
the tool is made readily adjustable to any desired depth or width of cut or shave
that the wheelwright, joiner, or user may require, and the cutting part is held more
firmly and securely in its place than it could be held heretofore.
The Invention consists in elongating the ends of the cutting or shaving part of
the tool that is the ends that are usually inserted in the handle-and passing
such ends through suitable holes made for the purpose in the handle. These ends
have screwthreads formed thereon (something like those on screw bolts) and on
that portion of each end which is inside the handle nearest to the cutting part of
the tool, a screw nut is placed or fitted for the purpose of adjusting the cutting
part to the required depth or width of cut, and outside the handle another screw
nut is fitted on each of the ends for the purpose of securely screwing up and
firmly holding the cutting portion in position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING TRICYCLES AND HAND PADDLE WHEEL BOATS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Brierley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th April 1883. Communicated to him from
abroad by R Perl and F. Teschek of Vienna
WALTER BRIERLEY of Halifax in the County of York Patent Agent
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING TRICYCLES AND HAND PADDLE
WHEEL BOATS" [Communicated to me from abroad by R Perl and F. Teschek
of Vienna]
The class of Tricycles in which the mechanism is operated by hand afford little
or no facilities for ascent of steep gradients, the object of this Invention is to
facilitate ascent by transferring the motion of the hands (which is similar to that
in rowing a boat) to the axle of the wheels of a Tricycle or to the axle of the
paddles of a hand propelled ferry or other boat.
This is effected in the following way. To both sides of the road-wheels of n
Tricycle or of the paddle wheels of a boat are secured small discs or wheels the
circumference of which is fitted with small radial pins bearing in the holes of an
endless steel band or flat chain
Each of the endless steel bands passes over a guide pulley which serves only for
stretching the band
In the holes of the steel bands or chains catch clicks which are united by two
levers and a cross-bar and so arranged that by moving this cross-bar by the hands
to and fro like in rowing the chains are continuously moved and drive the wheels.
The right foot is employed for steering the vehicle
By this arrangement the rowing like movement of the arms give a great amount
of force and enable the vehicle to overcome acclivities.
IMPROVED VAPOUR BATH APPARATUS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Julius Boult at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th September 1883. A communi-
cation from Georg Dyrna of Jablunkau in the Empire of Austria.
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer "IMPROVED VAPOUR BATH APPARATUS" [a communication from Georg
Dyrna of Jablunkau in the Empire of Austria]
This invention relates to an apparatus by means of which vapour baths can
readily be taken or administered and all the benefits of such bath secured without
the necessity of having a locality or building specifically filled for the purpose.
Said apparatus is of convenient size and may be suitably ornamented so that it
may be kept ready for use in any home whereby the necessity for travelling after
a vapour bath has been taken and the attendant risk are avoided.
The apparatus consists of a casing or box with a door in front allowing the
bather to enter and with an aperture at the top through which the neck passes.
The top is divided so as more readily to admit the bather. At the rear of the box
and within it is a suitably constructed fire box within which is arranged a small
boiler with a suitable aperture for admitting water.
Steam is generated in this boiler and led into the body of the casing or box by
suitable tubes passing through the fire box and fitted with plates or dampers; some
of the steam is led directly under a seat fitted in the casing.
The boiler is by preference treated by spirits of wine supplied in a suitable
burner capable of being raised or lowered so as to increase or diminish combustion.―
A perforated plate covers the fire box. A thermometer may be fitted to the
apparatus in an appropriate place and means are provided for admitting the dry
heat from the burner into the apparatus when required. Further details of the
apparatus need no description in this provisional Specification as they will be
obvious to those versed in such matters.
MANUFACTURING CARBONS FOR ELECTRIC LAMPS '
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Heinrich Florenz Müller at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th December 1883.
CARL HEINRICH FLORENZ MÜLLER of Hamburg Germany
IN MANUFACTURING CARBONS FOR ELECTRIC LAMPS
'IMPROVEMENTS
This invention relates to improvements in manufacturing carbons for electric
lamps and more especially to the process described in Leters Patent N° 4676 dated
October 2nd 1882
I find in practice that the best material for manufacturing carbons for electric
lamps is the rattan which is to be divided up into strips and impregnated
thoroughly before or after, or before and after the carbonization with liquids which
will increase the homogeneity of the material. The manner most suitable for
manufacturing carbons such as those set forth in my former patent dated April 2nd
1882 is the following one. Fine strips of rattan are placed in a receptacle which
is hermetically closed and the air exhausted then a solution of hydrate of carbon in
water is allowed to enter such receptacle whereby all pores of the rattan fibre are
impregnated with the solution and simultaneously the fibre is made more flexible
in consequence whereof the fibre may be shaped as desired, but advantageously as
set forth in my aforesaid patent and then carbonized as usual.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DRESS OF MILLSTONES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Julius Boult at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th September 1883. A communi-
cation from Germain Bernard of Montpont in the Republic of France
"
"
"
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DRESS OF MILLSTONES" [a communication
from Germain Bernard of Montpont in the Republic of France]
This invention relates to an improved manner of.dressing millstones whereby a
much more considerable quantity of flour is produced by the stones and the quality
thereof is also much improved. Moreover the flour is not heated a greater quantity
of air being drawn under the stone.
To obtain this result the furrow is divided from the eye of the stone to its
periphery into three parts.
In the first section of this dress, that is the part called the "skirting" of the
stone, the furrows are curved to facilitate the delivery of the flour as it is being
produced so as to avoid its being compressed as this would affect the quality. The
"lands" between the furrows are of the same width as the furrows themselves.
The furrows of the second section called the "breast" of the stoue, are slightly
curved and somewhat excentric so as to break the grains producing the groats and
the bran: The number of these furrows is twice that of the furrows in the first
section as they follow one upon the other without "lands" between them. In the
third section (the bosom) the furrows are only a prolongation of the furrows in the
second section the number whereof is reduced to half to facilitate their production
and also for the purpose that their excentricity and width may draw more air
under the stone with the grain. The "bosom" is somewhat hollow to allow the
grain to enter.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN RAILWAY CHAIRS AND JOINT FASTENINGS AND IN THE METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR SECURING THE CHAIRS TO THE SLEEPERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Revell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th August 1883.
JOSEPH REVELL of Dukinfield in the County of Chester, Contractor, "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN RAILWAY CHAIRS AND JOINT FASTENINGS AND IN THE METHOD OF AND
MEANS FOR SECURING THE CHAIRS TO THE SLEEPERS
"
My Invention consists of improvements in and additions to a former invention
for which Letters Patent dated the twenty-fourth day of July in the year 1882
and numbered 3507 have been granted to me. In the said former Invention in
the case of a joint chair a coupling plate furnished with studs which enter holes in
the web of the rail is forced against the rail by means of a key. To provide for
the possibility of the said key becoming loose or leaving the chair I in the first
place substitute screws for the said studs or conical headed bolts or bolts having
heads sunk below the outer surface of the coupling plate so as to be out of the way
of the key or I cause the studs to project sufficiently to be secured by means of
cottars or keys. The coupling plate engages with a rib or with ribs on the sole of
the chair.
A second part of my Invention relates to the securing of the chair to the sleeper.
The spike holes are inclined outward away from the rail or inward toward the rail
but instead of being circular as is usual are made square, hexagonal, triangular,
diamond shaped or are formed with one or more flat sides in order that when a
spike of a suitably corresponding section is employed it will not be liable to turn
in the hole when being drawn in. I form the spikes of a square, hexagonal,
triangular or diamond form in section and I cut or form them with a chisel point
the intention being principally to dispense with the boring of the sleeper. The
spikes so formed are driven into the sleeper the chisel point cutting across the
grain so as to avoid splitting the sleeper. These spikes may also be driven into
holes bored for their reception but such holes may be less in diameter than the
holes bored for ordinary spikes. The spikes may be formed with a central shank
of a round or other section and have a fin or fins projecting from the said shank.
This part of my invention is also applicable to ordinary chairs or to chairs having
vertical spike holes.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN HAMMERS FOR PIANOFORTES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th November 1883. Communicated
to him from abroad by Max Junger, of Leipzig, in the kingdom of Saxony.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HAMMERS FOR PIANOFORTES," a communication to me from abroad by
Max Junger, of Leipzig, in the Kingdom of Saxony.
This invention relates to hammers for pianofortes. The improved hammer
chiefly has a wooden head provided with a slit in its centre serving to receive one
end of an adjustable elastic strap made of metal, whale bone, cane, hard india
rubber, wood, celluloid or any other suitable material, while the other end of the
strap, forming a loop, rests against one of the surfaces of the hammer-head, both
ends being fixed to the latter by means of a screw;
The outer circumference of the strap is partly lined with felt, leather or other
suitable material fixed by means of a screw bolt passing through the strap and
serving to regulate the elasticity of the same.
A modification of this construction consists in omitting the separate screw bolt
in which case both ends of the strap are introduced into the slit in the centre of the
wooden head, the elasticity of the strap being regulated by more or less opening
or compressing the loop formed by the same, while the lining is held by the same
screw bolt which passes through the wooden head and serves to fix the strap.
The wooden head is provided with a suitable recess serving to receive the
hammer bar.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING THE AXLES OF PERAMBULATOR INVALID CARRIAGE, BICYCLE AND OTHER WHEELS.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Cunliffe and James Croom
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February 1883.
RICHARD CUNLIFFE and JAMES CROOM both of Manchester in the County of
Lancaster "IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING THE AXLES OF PERAMBULATOR
INVALID CARRIAGE, BICYCLE AND OTHER WHEELS.'
"
I construct a cavity in the cap which usually screws on to the hub of the wheel
to cover the end of the axle-or this cavity is formed in the hub of the wheel itself
and is designed to receive the necessary supply of oil or other lubricant. This
cavity is provided with an orifice kept closed by a plate forced against such orifice
by a spring on the inner side and through which orifice the oil or other lubricant
is introduced into the cavity by pushing back the closing plate with the nose or
spout of the oil can or such orifice may be closed by an outer cap kept down by a
spring and applied to the cap or to the hub itself.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COUPLING AND UNCOUPLING RAILWAY WAGONS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Dean, James Holden, and
William Henry Stanier at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on th
9th November 1883.
WILLIAM DEAN, JAMES HOLDEN, and WILLIAM HENRY STANIER, all of Swindon
in the County of Wilts, "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COUPLING AND
UNCOUPLING RAILWAY WAGONS
"
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for the purpose of
facilitating the operations of coupling and uncoupling railway wagons and of
rendering it unnecessary for shunters and others to go between the buffers for the
purpose of effecting these operations.
According to our improvements the operations of coupling and uncoupling are
affected by means of a lever actuated from outside the wagons one of the buffers
forming the fulcrum. The hook end or the end of the lever furthest from the
operator is of such form as to hold the end link of the coupling chain and to
permit of its being placed upon or removed from the hook of the adjoining
vehicle without any alteration in the form of coupling commonly used and without
its being necessary to actuate from the handle any movable jaw.
In one form of the coupling lever we make the book end with two jaws the
longer one being placed through and under the further side of the end link of the
coupling and the shorter one placed over the nearer side of the same link. In a
modification of this form the shorter jaw is rigidly fixed to the rod and the longer
jaw hinged to it in both of these forms the weight of the coupling chain is utilized
to retain the end link in the desired position on the hook of the coupling lever
In another form of the coupling lever the link is held in the desired position on
the hook end of the lever during the operation of coupling by means of a spring
which is easily released when the operation of coupling is completed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING HATS IN S of THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Wareham at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th June 1883.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
COOLING HATS IN
SAMUEL WAREHAM of Hyde in the County of Chester
THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE"
THE
The object of this invention is to facilitate the drying cooling and setting of felt
hats after blocking or steaming or at any other time during the process of
manufacture where it may be desirable to dry or cool the hats quickly so as to
cause them to set more rapidly and thus to accelerate the process of manufacture.
For this purpose I cause a current of cool air from a fan to impinge upon the
crown of the hat whilst it is on the block so that the hat is cooled, dried, and set
before being removed therefrom, and with the least delay possible.
For example in applying my invention to hat blocking machines I mount a
revolving fan in any convenient position which causes a current of cool air to be
driven through a main pipe.
This main pipe is provided with (say) two branch pipes leading to two blocking
machines and having at their lower ends pieces of elastic tube terminating a short
distance above the block of each machine.
33
The branch pipes are provided with taps or valves so that the blast of cold air
can be brought to bear upon either one or both of the blocks at a time: and the
taps may be either worked separately by hand or by automatic means. I prefer
however to connect the tap or valve to the lever which carries the "break ring'
in such a way that when the "break ring" is brought down onto the hat in the
act of blocking the body, the tap or valve is thereby opened and a blast of cold air
is thrown onto the hat body so as to dry, cool, and set the same at once.
By these means the manufacture is greatly accelerated and cost economized as
one man can easily attend to two blocking machines one hat being cooled and set
whilst the other is being blocked, and so on alternately. The number of blocks
required is also greatly reduced.
The lower ends of the elastic tubes may be provided with finely perforated
roses or other distributors and if required may be fitted with any convenient device
for the purpose of moving the same to and fro above the hat block.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF [MANUFACTURING] FIRE-LIGHTERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th February 1883.
Communicated to him by Carl Mohr of Berlin in the Empire of Germany
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI Proprietor of the firm of J Brandt &
GW v Nawrocki Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer of 124 Leipzigerstrasse
Berlin Germany "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF [MANUFACTURING]
FIRE-LIGHTERS," communicated to me by Carl Mohr of Berlin [in the Empire of]
Germany
The Invention relates to Improvements in the manufacture of fire lighters and
consists in a novel combination of substances or materials the object being to
produce fire lighters which shall be highly inflammable and produce no smell and
are not affected by dampness.
To this end saw-dust, wood-splinters and horse manure are placed in an iron
retort and exposed to heat sufficient to expel all the water or moisture from the
materials, for about say thirty minutes.
A mixture composed of two parts of American resin and one part of Turpentine
is heated in a vessel until it reaches the boiling point the desired quantities of saw-
dust wood-splinters and horse manure while in a heated state are then added to
the mixture of resin and turpentine and the whole of the substances or materials
combine and form a pasty mass which is further exposed to heat for say fifteen
minutes and is afterwards pressed while in a hot state into any required shape in
moulds and afterwards cooled and dryed and is then ready for use. By these
means more durable and less expensive fire lighters are produced which give off no
offensive smell in their combustion.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gustave de Meirelles Soares at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th July 1883.
GUSTAVE DE MEIRELLES SOARES, of the Chrichton Club [Adelphi] in the County
of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES "
The invention has for its object to secure greater speed with easier working of
velocipedes than hitherto by utilizing the weight of the driver for assisting in the
propulsion of the vehicle for which purpose the improvements relate to novel
arrangements of the treadles and their connections combined with improved rests
or supports for the driver, and improvements in stearing gear, these latter being
applicable to velocipedes generally The improvements are carried out by arranging
on the frame an almost vertical support which although partly receiving the
posterior quarters of the driver, only permits them to rest against and not on the
support thereby, allowing the whole weight of the driver's body (or nearly 50) to
be employed the driver being almost vertical and treading on and actuating the
treadles, as in the action of walking. The treadles are two levers of suitable length
pivoted to the fore part of the frame at their front ends, and to rods.or bars at
their rear ends, said rods or bars being connected to two cranks in or on the main
carrying axle. the stearing gear consists essentially of an axle or shaft and a pair
of semicircular frames. The axle of the steering wheel (or wheels) is supported by
a semicircular frame, capable of sliding on a corresponding frame fixed to the main
carriage. The sliding frame is provided with a toothed sector into which gears a
small bevel wheel fixed on the lower end of an inclined shaft which is guided in a
bearing secured to the upper or fixed semi-circular frame
The said shaft carries at its upper end a hand-wheel placed within easy reach of
the driver, to whom it also acts as a support.
I prefer to make the frame and stearing shaft of tubular metal, the wheels as at
present, larger driving wheels can however be employed than at present as the
load is placed near the ground. In some cases if desired the seat support can be
made extensible downward and the angle thereof altered so that the driver can
really sit on it.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS OR BANDAGE TO BE USED BY FEMALES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Feather Bottomley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th April 1883.
WALTER FEATHER BOTTOMLEY of Bradford in the County of York, Wool
Stapler. "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS OR BANDAGE TO BE USED BY FEMALES,"
This invention relates to an improved apparatus or bandage to be worn by
females when affected "after the manner of women' or in cases of uterine disorders,
allowing the free movement of the body and limbs without irritation and giving
increased comfort to the wearer.
For this purpose an elastic waistband is provided to which is secured a buckle
whereby to fasten the same to the body; in the front and at the back are secured
pendent straps made of elastic or other suitable material; to these straps is
connected a bag oval in shape and made of india-rubber or other suitablo material,
in the bag is placed a sponge or other absorbing substance; the front of the bag is
made with a strip of rubber and the back of the bag is also provided with a rubber
strip but made longer than the front one; to theso strips are secured buttons or
hooks to which are buttoned or hooked short elastic straps provided with buckles
and through which are passed the pendent straps secured to the waistband to
adjust and secure the bag when in use in proper position; the buttons or hooks
allow of handily attaching and detaching the bag to and from the supports.
the side of the bag are formed india-rubber loops or the loops may be formed by
stitching strips of elastic material to a strap secured on the outside of the bag;
through the loops are passed elastic bands which are secured round the limbs and
which allow a free action to the bag with the movement of the body and limbs by
which means I give elasticity to every part and prevent irritation
On
IMPROVE- MENTS IN LAMPS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sir James Nicholas Douglass at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st March 1883.
Sir JAMES NICHOLAS DOUGLASS of Dulwich in the County of Surrey "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LAMPS
"
My Invention consists in means or appliances for feeding the oil or other bydro-
carbon to the burner of lamps and is adapted for use to ordinary burners, and
also to the burner for which Letters Patent were secured to me bearing date
January 7, 1881, No 84
In carrying out my Invention, I proceed mainly as follows:-
A reservoir containing the oil or other hydro carbon is fitted preferably on a
stand, said stand having holes or openings in same, to admit air to and around the
burner.
Channels or ducts in communication with the reservoir allow the oil to flow
downwards and thence up through the tubes chambers or passages in which the
wicks are placed The wick holders or tubes carrying the wicks are preferably
perforated to a certain height, to allow the oil to flow freely to the wicks.―The
wicks are regulated by any suitable means such as screw or rack or similar
mechanism
The improvements are applicable to burners of one two or more wicks, and can be
adapted to ordinary burners, or the burner for which Letters Patent were secured
to me as above
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INDICATING THE HEATING OF BEARINGS AND OTHER RUBBING SURFACES OF ENGINES AND MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Phillip Sherlock at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th October 1883.
HENRY PHILLIP SHERLOCK of N° 1 St George's Square Upton in the County
of Essex "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INDICATING THE HEATING OF
BEARINGS AND OTHER RUBBING SURFACES OF ENGINES AND MACHINES"
This invention relates to apparatus for indicating the heating of bearings and
other rubbing surfaces of engines and machines, so that attendants may be
immediately apprised thereof and take measures to prevent overheating. For this
purpose I fix in a hole, groove or slot formed in one of the rubbing surfaces, as for
example in the, brass of a bearing, an elongated hollow iron bulb from which
extends a tube of very much smaller sectional area, as in an ordinary thermometer,
and I charge the tube and bulb with a certain quantity of mercury, which, at
ordinary temperatures, does not reach an electrical contact projecting through
insulating material into the tube, but when, owing to heating of the metal
surrounding the bulb, the mercury expands until it reaches the contact, it closes
an electrical circuit by which a current of electricity passes to a visible or audible
alarm, such as a galvanoscope index or an electrical bell, thereby giving a signal.
Instead of employing a contact in the tube as above described, I in some cases fit
in the tube or in a small cylinder communicating with it a spring plunger, which,
when the mercury expands, is pushed forward to make or break electrical contact
and cause the alarm to operate.
In cases where the apparatus is applied to a moving part, such as the joint of a
crank or connecting rod, the plunger may be arranged to strike a bell when it is
protruded by expansion of the mercury.
When indices are employed to give visible signals of heating, I prefer to arrange
them as a number of shutters fronting a marked plate or dial, so that when any
shutter is opened by the electrical action, it shews the particular bearing that is
affected.
IMPROVEMENTS AND RELATING TO THE CLEANSING OF THE TUBES OF BABY'S FEEDING BOTTLES TOBACCO PIPES AND OTHER ARTICLES, AND APPARATUS THEREFOR "
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Perry Bark at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th February 1883.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
JOHN PERRY BARK of Bootle in the county of Lancaster
AND RELATING TO THE CLEANSING OF THE TUBES OF BABY'S FEEDING BOTTLES
TOBACCO PIPES AND OTHER ARTICLES, AND APPARATUS THEREFOR
"
In cleansing the tubes of baby's feeding bottles tobacco pipes or other similar
articles it is at present customary to use a brush with a long wire attached thereto
the wire being first pushed through the tube and the brush subsequently drawn
through. Now I have found this a very unsatisfactory mode of cleansing such
articles and I propose to attach them to the tap of a water pipe and allow a free
current of water under pressure to carry off the superfluous matter adhering to
the inside of the tube or pipe and in the case of a flexible tube a rubbing motion
of the fingers on the outside will assist to loosen any adhering matter.
To carry out this method of cleansing such articles I have designed a joint or
connection to attach the tap or water pipe to the article to be cleansed which
consists of a small pipe or tube of sufficient size, to tightly hold the tubing on
the centre of this pipe I make a raised collar or shoulder and on the pipe in
front of this collar I place a packing of cork, india rubber or other suitable material
preferably taper in shape so as to make a tight joint in and be suitable for varying
sizes of water taps. In the case of feeding bottles I intend to make this apparatus
of the proper shape with elongations at either end to take the place of the
connection now used between the teat and the pipe and thus without extra
expense the pipe may be made so as it can at any time be readily affixed to a
water tap hot or cold and thoroughly cleansed. The stopper of the bottle might
however be tapered at one end and provided with a suitable packing to answer
the same purpose but I prefer the other method as the simpler and cheaper.
For cleansing tobacco pipes or other similar article I propose to make the
connection as above described for attachment to the water pipe and to it affix a
short length of india rubber or other flexible tubing which can thus be easily fixed
to the stem of the pipe. The apparatus could be made however of sufficient size at
one end to enter and be affixed to the bowl of the pipe.
Of course I do not confine myself to the exact details above mentioned as the
apparatus may be made to fasten over the mouth of the tap instead of inside of it
but the above method I consider preferable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING CENTER-BOARDS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hans Friedrich Martens and Otto.
Friedrich Christoph Bannier at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 20th October 1883.
HANS FRIEDRICH MARTENS and OTTO FRIEDRICH CHRISTOPH BANNIER, both of
Hamburg, Germany, "IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING CENTER-BOARDS"
D'
This Invention relates to improvements in folding center-boards; and the
objects of our improvements are first to place the center-board entirely in the keel
of the vessel; and second to obtain a large resisting surface of such center-board
when unfolded.
The keel of the vessel is composed of two parallel or nearly parallel rails
between which four, six or more blades are pivotted in such a manner as to cover
each other partly, even when they are at right angles to the rails. The pivots of
the blades are to be arranged to this effect within the keel behind each other.
When the center-board is out of use the blades are placed between the rails;
they are provided with slits for passing the pivots. Chains or cables may be used
to raise or lower such folding center-board.
IMPROVED CUTTER BOX FOR SPICULATING SPILLS FOR WATCH CLEANING OR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Douglas Bennett at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th February 1883.
ROBERT DOUGLAS BENNETT of Manchester in the County of Lancaster Engineer
IMPROVED CUTTER BOX FOR SPICULATING SPILLS FOR WATCH CLEANING OR OTHER
PURPOSES
"
My invention has for its object a saving of much time and Trouble in cutting
pointing or spiculating the ends of wood spills as used by Watch makers-and for
other purposes. For which I provide a small square box by preference of metal
about from 2 inches by-1-by 1 inch or larger if required this box has at the
back upper edge a flange by which it is secured to a bench or other object where
required in the upper side of this box longitudinaly is placed a knife set with
the face inward up to or near a fence this fence is a fixture-but the knife
moveable inward as worn or for regulating the cut, the bevil face of the knife is
downward on the underside thereby conducting the shavings underneath in the
lower part of such box away, hinged to the back part of the box-to the fence I fix
a pressing plate or board the top of which is acted upon by two springs-which
keeps the plate or board closely pressed on to the knife and fence--the spills to be
spiculated are forced between the knife and pressing plate or board which keeps it
to the cutting edge, the spill is then forced in and out a few times when a perfect
sharp spike end is formed in almost a moment of time Butchers meat and other
skewers may be made in the same Way