so
Year: 1894

page_text: 1 RICHARD ARMSTRONG of Cadley, Preston, in the County of Lancaster do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of soap, polishing soap, detergent
powders & fluid containing ammonia
I form ammonia soap as free as practicablo from water & suitable for purposes
hereinafter described, by reacting upon sulphate, or other suitable salt of ammonia,
with caustic or carbonate of soda or potass, in suitable quantitios to decompose the
said salts of ammonia, when the said ingredients are together incorporated with
suitable oils, fats, then fatty acids, resin or mixture of the same, in suitable pro-
portions and treated at suitable temperatures-or, I mix the said salts of ammonia
with soda or potass soap in suitable proportions and at suitable temperatures to
decompose the said soda or potass soap, form ammonia soap & corresponding salts
of alkah
In making ammonia soap, when necessary to add water to complete the reactions,
I use as small an amount of water as practicable so as to render the said ammonia
soap suitable for use in manufacture of, or incorporation with, polishing soap &
detergent ponders hereinafter set forth.
I form polishing soap for use in polishing metals, glass or like purposes, by
incorporating ammonia soap with suitable polishing powder, or, ordinal y polishing
Sonp
I form detergent powder containing ammonia, for ordinary detergent purposes,
by incorporating in suitable manner, relatively dry ammonia soap, with carbonate
of soda or any suitable ordinary detergent powder.
I form aminonicial detergent powder for use in washing wool, woolen fabrics or
like purposes, by incorporating in suitable manner, relatively dry ammonia soap
with sufhcient, oi excess may be used of, carbonate of soda or potass to decompose
the said ammonia soap, to form soda or potass soap and liberate ammonia when the
said ammonicial detergent powder is dissolved in water.
To
I form ammouicial detergent fluid for washing wool, by dissolving in water, at
suitable temperature, ammonia soap together with carbonate or caustic soda or
potass, or, dissolve ammonicial detergent powder herein before mentioned.
the soloution so formed, I add suitable quantities of oleine, soluble, sulphated or
other suitable oils, glycerine or mixture of the same. When joint admixture of
Soap & glycerine is desired, I preferably form soloution of same by addition of
soloution of caustic soda or potash to suitable oil or grease and add the soloution
so obtained to the ammonicial detergent fluid.
Dated the 4th day of October 1894.

page_text: soap, liberate free ammonia and when desired may contain a relatively small excess
of free uncombined fixed alkali in solution, by intimately mixing together carbonate
of soda, which may be hydrated, with relatively dry powdered ammonia soap in
proportions of about their chemical equivalents. Proportions of about equal
weights of dry ammonia soap, aud carbonate of soda or potass (estimated as
anhydrous) give good results When desired to have a larger excess of alkali in
solution the quantity of added soda or potass is increased. In the manufacture
of detergent powder described under third and fourth heads, I preferably perfume
the said detergent powders as described in my Patent for "Improvements in the
manufacture of detergent powder" Number 8827 of the year 1891.
5th. I formi ammoniacal detergent fluid for washing wool and for like purposes
by dissolving in water at any suitable temperature ammoniacal detergent powder,
described undor fourth head, to the solution so formed 1 add suitable quantities
of fat acids, soluble, sulphated on, other suitable oils, glycerine, or mixture of the
samc.
When joint admixture of soap and glycerine is desued I preferably form this
solution by addition of caustic soda or potass, to suitable oil or grease, and to the
solution so obtained, add ammoniacal detergent powder. Detergent fluid obtained
by addition of ten per cent. of said ammoniacal detergent powder to a concentrated
solution of soap (preferably made from oil) yields good results.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st. The manufacture of ammonia soap by admixture of a salt of ammonia and
alkalı with fats, oils, fatty acids, or mixture of the same, substantially as set forth
under first head.
2nd. Relative proportions of stearic of oleic acid, sulphate of ammoma, and
carbonated alkali substantially as and for purpose set forth under first hend.
31d. The relative proportions of water and alkalı employed in the manufactura
of solid ammonia soap, substantially as and for purpose set forth under first bead.
4th. The manufacture of relatively dry ammonia soap by intimate admixture of
a salt of aminomia with soda or potass soap, maintaining at suitable temperature to
produce double decomposition, formation of ammonia soap, and corresponding salt
of alkali. Admixture of said ammonia soap with detergent powder, for purpose
substantially as set forth under first bead.
5th. The several alternate methods of obtaining relatively dry ammonia soap
substantially in manner and for purpose set forth under first head
6th. The manufacture of polishing soap by admixture of relatively dry ammonia
soap with polishing powder or polishing soap substantially as and for purpose set
forth under second head.
7th. A detergent compound formed by admixture of relatively dry ammonia soap
with detergent powder, for purpose substantially as set forth under third head.
8th. The manufacture of detergent powder containing ammonia, substantially in
manner and for purpose set forth under third head.
9th. The manufacture of ammoniacal detergent powder by mixing relatively dry
ammonia soap with carbonate of soda in manner and for purpose substantially as set
forth under fourth head.
10th. The relative proportions of ammonia soap and carbonate of soda employed
in the manufacture of ammoniacal detergent powder substantially as set forth under
fourth head.
11th. Admixture of fat acids, soluble, sulphated or other oils or glycerine with
ammomacal detergent fluid, obtained substantially in mauuer and for purpose
described under fifth head.
12th. An ammoniacal detergent fluid obtained by dissolving ammoniacal deter-
gent powder in a solution of soap and glycerine obtained in manner and for purpose
substantially as described under fifth head.

page_text: 13th. Obtaining detergent fluid in manner and for purpose substantially as set
forth under fifth head.
14th. The combination of relative proportions of materials employed, methods,
and sequences of operations, described under the several heads in obtaining
detergent compounds for purposes set forth
Dated this 4th day of July 1895
RICHARD ARMSTRONG.