Improvements in the Construction of Navigable Vessels for Carrying Liquids.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 14th Apr., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Navigable Vessels for Carrying
Liquids.
I, HENRY FREDERICK SWAN, of North Jesmond, Newcastle on Tyne, in the
County of Northumberland, Ship-builder, do hereby declare the nature of my
said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
The object of my invention is to provide a self acting arrangement whereby, in
the carriage of liquids of an expansive character, the overplus from the main tanks,
caused by an increase of temperature is received in expansion chambers, placed
above the tank deck, and so that when the liquid in the main compartments
contracts, a supply is obtained automatically from the expansion chambers whereby
the main compartments are always kept full without any pumping being necessary.
In carrying out my invention, I place one or more expansion chambers (which
may either be the full width of the vessel, or, of a lesser width, as may be found
more suitable) above the tank deck and a convenient arrangement is to provide
two such chambers, one towards the fore end, and the other towards the after end
of the oil space, and which may be worked from the main oil pump connections
of the vessel for trimming purposes or a separate service of pipes may be fitted,
but in every case connection is made between each oil compartment of the vessel
and one or other of the expansion chambers.
In tank steamers which are intended also to carry dry cargoes, the expansion
chambers, as well as the main compartments, would have hatches for working the
same, and a convenient arrangement is to attach the pipe connections to the
coamings of the hatches of the main compartments, and air pipes can be fitted to
each hatch to insure the hatchway space being entirely filled.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and
ascertained, reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings in which
similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, and which drawings are
intended to shew generally the manner in which such vessels may be fitted.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the véssel, with a single expansion
compartment, which although placed amidships, may be placed either forward or
aft, as may be found more convenient.
Fig. 2 represents two expansion chambers placed towards the ends of the oil
space, but either one or other of these can be placed more or less fore or aft, as
may be desired.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of vessel with one expansion chamber.
In these figures a a are the expansion chambers, bb main cargo compartments,
cc the bulkheads, d d the pipes, é e the cargo hatches.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in which manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In the construction of navigable vessels for carrying liquids, the application
and use of expansion chambers or compartments so placed and connected with each
main compartment that the overflow, caused by the expansion of the liquid, is
automatically returned to the main compartments on the contraction of the liquid
taking place, thereby keeping the main compartments filled, substantially as herein
before described and illustrated by the drawings.

page_text: 2. The general construction combination and arrangement of the several and
respective parts together forming my improvements in the construction of navigable
vessels for carrying liquids as herein before described and illustrated by the
-drawings.
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