IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION TO. MACHINERY TO BE DRIVEN BY HORSE-POWER
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Hammond Bentall, of Heybridge, near
Maldon, in the County of Essex, Agricultural Implement Maker, for
the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION TO.
MACHINERY TO BE DRIVEN BY HORSE-POWER."
Sealed the 26th September 1861, and dated the 24th April 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. left by the said Edward Hammond Bentall,
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on,
the 24th April 1861.
I, EDWARD HAMMOND BENTALL, of Heybridge, near Maldon, in the County
of Essex, Agricultural Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION TO'
MACHINERY TO BE DRIVEN BY HORSE-POWER," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improved apparatus for transmitting motion to machinery
to be driven by horse-power, relates to a novel mode of constructing and
arranging the parts of a horse gear or horse-power. The pole to which the
horse or other animal is harnessed is constructed of wrought-iron bars
arranged and combined in the form of a trussed beam, the outer end of which

page_text: is supported by a tie rod extending therefrom to the upper end of the centra
vertical shaft, on which is mounted a large bevilled tooth wheel, whereby
the horizontal shaft for transmitting power is driven, for which purpose a
bevilled pinion is keyed on to the horizontal transmitting shaft. The large
bevilled wheel instead of being constructed with open spokes or arms (as usua
with wheels of this description) is made with a close top or cover, on the under
sides of which are radial ribs for strengthening the same. By this means the
necessity for providing a separate cover for the large bevilled wheel is
avoided, and yet the wheel is protected from the danger of the horses or
animals in the yard getting their feet between the spokes or arms. The upper
end of the central vertical shaft is supported by an arched framing, which
extends across the large horizontal wheel, and carries the bearings for the
spindle of a conical roller which bears against and runs on the upper side of
the large bevilled wheel, and serves to keep the teeth of the same in gear with
the pinion on the horizontal shaft for transmitting the power to the inter-
mediate gear. The framing of the apparatus is cast in two parts, the arched
framing which supports the upper end of the central vertical shaft being cast
in a separate piece, from the bottom part which carries the bearings of the
transmitting horizontal shaft. By this means the apparatus may be taken to
pieces with facility when required. The intermediate gear whereby the power
is communicated from the horse-power apparatus to the machine to be driven,
consists of two shafts placed at right angles to each other, one of which carries
a pinion, which is driven by a spur wheel on a horizontal shaft connected by
means of an arched shackle or universal joint with the horizontal shaft of the
horse.
power apparatus, and is actuated thereby. The horizontal pinion shaft
above mentioned carries at one end a pulley, which, by means of a band or
strap may be employed to actuate a thrashing or other machine. The opposite
end of this pinion shaft carries a bevilled toothed wheel, which gears into and
drives a similar wheel on a cross shaft, which is provided at each end with a
pulley, so that by means of a band or strap on either pulley the machine may
be driven. By this arrangement of parts the machine to be actuated may be
driven by a band coming from either one of three pullies, and, consequently,
its locality in reference to the horse-power apparatus may be varied to suit the
convenience of the proprietor.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Hammond Bentall in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 24th October 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
HAMMOND BENTALL, of Heybridge, near Maldon, in the County of Essex,
Agricultural Implement Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edward Hammond Bentall, Her special license that I, the said Edward
Hammond Bentall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Edward Hammond Bentall, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVED APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION TO MACHINERY TO BE DRIVEN BY
HORSE-POWER," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward
Hammond Bentall, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Hammond Bentall, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed; and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention of "Improved Apparatus for Transmitting Motion to
Machinery to be Driven by Horse-power" relates to a novel mode of con-
structing and arranging the parts of a horse gear or horse-power.
The first improvement relates to the pole, to which is harnessed the horse
or other animal whose power or strength it is intended to use for driving any
machine. According to my Invention the pole is constructed of wrought-iron
bars arranged and combined in the form of a trussed beam, the outer end of
which is supported by a tie rod extending therefrom to the upper end of the

page_text: central vertical shaft, on which is mounted a large bevilled tooth wheel,
whereby the horizontal shaft for transmitting power is driven, for which
purpose a bevilled pinion is keyed on to the horizontal transmitting shaft.
One, two, or more of these poles may be adapted to the central shaft, so that
the combined power of two or more animals may be used to drive the machine
that it is intended to actuate.
My next improvement relates to the large bevil toothed wheel, which is
mounted on the central vertical shaft. Instead of constructing this wheel
with open spokes or arms (as usual with wheels of this description) it is made
with a close top or cover, on the under sides of which are cast radial ribs for
strengthening the same. By this means the necessity for providing a separate
cover for the large bevilled wheel is avoided, and yet the wheel is protected
from the danger of the horses or animals in the yard getting their feet between
the spokes or arms of the wheel. The upper end of the central vertical shaft
is supported by an arched framing, which extends across the large horizontal
bevil toothed wheel, and carries the bearings for the spindle of a conical roller
which bears against and runs on the upper side of the large covered, bevil
toothed wheel, and serves to keep the teeth of the same in gear with the pinion
on the horizontal shaft for transmitting the power to the intermediate gear.
The framing of the apparatus is cast in two parts, the arched framing which
supports the upper end of the central vertical shaft being cast in a separate
piece from the bottom part, which carries the bearings of the horizontal trans-
mitting shaft. In consequence of adopting this mode of constructing and
arranging the parts, the apparatus may be taken to pieces with facility when
required.
My next improvement relates to the intermediate gear, whereby motion is
communicated from the horse-power apparatus to the. machine to be driven.
This intermediate gear consists of. two shafts placed at right angles to each
other. One of these shafts carries a pinion, which is driven by a spur wheel
on a horizontal shaft connected by means of an arched shackle or universal
joint with the horizontal shaft of the horse-power apparatus, and is actuated
thereby. The horizontal pinion shaft above mentioned carries at one end a
pulley, which, by means of a band or strap may be employed to actuate a
thrashing or other machine. The opposite end of this pinion shaft carries
a bevil toothed wheel, which gears into and drives a similar wheel on a cross
shaft, which is placed at right angles to the pinion shaft, and is provided at
each end with a pulley, so that by means of a band or strap. on either pulley
the machine may be driven. By this arrangement of parts the machine to be

page_text: actuated may be driven by a band coming from either one of three pullies, and
consequently the locality of the machine in reference to the horse-power
apparatus may be varied to suit the convenience of the proprietor.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1, Sheet I., represents a side elevation
of my improved horse-power apparatus, some of the parts being shewn in
section in order that their internal construction may be more clearly seen.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. a, a, are balks of timber upon which the
apparatus is secured in the ordinary manner; b, b, and 61, 6, is the cast-iron
framing for supporting the bearings in which the principal moving parts are
mounted. It will be seen on referring to Fig. 1, and the end view, Fig. 3, that
this framing is constructed in two parts, the lower of which b, b, is provided
with a step e to support the lower end of the vertical shaft d, and bearings c¹
for supporting the horizontal transmitting shaft e.
In the Drawing I have shewn two poles to which the horse or horses or
other animals are to be harnessed, but one pole only will be required if the
apparatus is intended to be worked by a single horse. These poles are con-
structed of wrought-iron bars f, f, which are bolted or rivetted at their inner
ends to a cast-iron horizontal cross bar g, which is keyed on to the central
vertical shaft d. The outer ends of the wrought-iron bars f, f, are bolted or
rivetted together at h, and a hook h¹ is provided, on to which the whipple-tree
is hooked, as is well understood. The pole or beam is strengthened by cross
struts i, i, i, but instead of the simple straight rod i, shewn in the left-hand
pole in the Drawing, I sometimes strengthen or truss the poles by means of
flat bar or angle iron bent back and arranged in a lozenge-form between the
bars ff, as shewn at i*, i*, in the right-hand pole in Fig. 2, and in the
detached plan view Fig. 2. The outer end of the trussed pole is supported
or held up in its proper position by means of a tie rod j, which is attached by
one extremity to or near the outer end of the pole, and is provided at its
inner end with an eye, which passes over the upper end of the central
vertical rod or shaft d: On the lower end of the shaft d is keyed the large
bevilled toothed wheel k, shewn detached in plan and under side view at Figures
4 and 5. It will be seen on referring to Fig. 5, that this wheel is provided
on its under side with bevilled teeth k; which gear into and drive the pinion l,
Fig. 1, on the end of the transmitting shaft e, and that instead of spokes this
wheel is provided with a close top or cover m, which is strengthened on the
under side by the radial ribs m¹, m³, Figures 1 and 5. The central shaft d is
supported in its vertical position by passing through a bearing * in the arched
part 1, 6, of the framing which extends across and above the large horizontal

page_text: bevil wheel, and carries the bearings for the spindle of the conical roller n,
which bears against the upper side of the cover of the wheel k, and thereby
keeps the teeth of this wheel in gear with the pinion on the horizontal
transmitting shaft e. By making the roller n conical, and mounting it on an
inclined spindle, any tendency of the roller n to grind on the back m of the
bevil wheel is avoided.
From the foregoing description it will be seen that a very strong, simple,
and light horse-power apparatus may be constructed, and upon causing the
horses to pull round the trussed poles f, f, the large horizontal wheel k will
drive the pinion l. The shaft e on which the pinion is mounted being con-
nected by means of the shackle e¹ to the shaft o, which is connected with the
intermediate gear, the latter will be driven, and may be used to transmit
motion to any machinery that requires to be actuated.
P
2
The intermediate gear, whereby power and motion is communicated from
the horse-power apparatus to the machine to be driven, is shewn in Sheet II.
of the Drawings, in which Fig. 6 is a plan view, and Fig. 7 a sectional
elevation of my improved arrangement of intermediate gear. p*, p*, is the
framing which supports the bearings of the several shafts. The shaft o (which
is the same in these Figures as the shaft o in Figures 1 and 2, Sheet I.) is
provided at its end with a shackle o*, whereby it is connected with the hori
zontal shaft of the intermediate gear. The shaft p carries a spur wheel p¹
which into and drives a pinion g' on the horizontal shaft
which at one
gears
end carries a pulley or band wheel q², whereby by means of a band or strap
any machine may be actuated. This shaft q at its opposite end carries the
bevil toothed wheel r, which gears into and drives a similar wheels on the
cross shaft s¹. The shaft s¹ is placed at right angles to the shafts q and p,
which are driven by the horse-power apparatus, and the shaft s¹ is provided
at each end with a pulley or band wheel t, (only one of which is, however, shewn
in the Drawing), so that by means of a band or strap a machine may be driven
from either end of the shaft s¹. By this arrangement, therefore, differential
speeds may be obtained, and the machine to be actuated may be driven by
a band coming from either of the three pullies t, t, or g³, according to the
respective positions of the machine to be driven and the actuating driving
gear, and the speed required.
Having now described my Invention of " Improved Apparatus for Trans-
mitting Motion to Machinery to be Driven by Horse-power," and having
explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I claim as the Inven-
tion to be secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid, the mode herein set

page_text: forth of constructing and arranging the various parts of which my improved
horse-power is composed. I claim particularly the mode herein set forth of
constructing the poles of horse-power apparatus, and also constructing the large.
bevil-toothed driving wheel with a close top, as herein described. I also claim
arranging the shafts of the intermediate gear at right angles to each other, and
adapting pullies thereto, so that the intermediate gear may be used for driving
machines at differential speeds and in different positions in reference to the
position of the driving gear, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Hammond Bentall, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-first day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
E. H. BENTALL. (L.S.)