Improvements in Hinges for Doors.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Sept., 1894
Complete Specification Left. 4th May, 1895-Accepted, 15th June. 1895
I, DAVID SMITH, of Fern Cottage, West Newport, in the County of Fife,
Scotland, Artist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in hinges for doors, the object being to
cause such doors to close automatically.
The improvements consist in forming on the pivots and their sockets half screws
er duplex incline planes between which are placed balls or rollers, their purpose
being to reduce friction and carry the weight of the door. The incline planes are
so arranged that when the door is shut, it is at its lowest position, but when opened it
is caused to rise by an amount equal to the rise of the plane at that particular
position. From the foregoing it will be seen that the force tending to close the door
depends upon its weight, the inclination of the plane and the friction, which is a
minimum. It is obvious that half screws or incline planes may be used without the
interposition of balls or rollers.
Dated this 20th day of September 1894.
GEO. C. DOUGLAS & Co.,
41, Reform Street, Dundee, Agents for Applicant.
Improvements in Hinges for Doors.
I, DAVID SMITH, of Fern Cottage, West Newport, in the County of Fife,
Scotland, Artist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in hinges for doors, the object being to
cause such doors to close automatically.
The improvements consist in forming on the pivots and their sockets half screws
or duplex incline planes between which are placed balls or rollers, their purpose being
to reduce friction and carry the weight of the door. The incline planes are so
arranged, that when the door is shut, is at its lowest position, but when opened it
is caused to rise by an amount equal to the rise of the plane at that particular
position.
From the foregoing it will be seen that the force tending to close the door
depends upon its weight, the inclination of the plane, and the friction, which is a
minimum. It is obvious that half screws or incline planes may be used without the
interposition of balls or rollers.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended two explanatory sheets of drawings in which the same reference numerals
are used to indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown.
Figure 1. (Sheet 1.) is a side elevation of the hinge and Figures 2. and 3. views
looking in the direction of the arrow A. (Figure 1.) of the hinge as a whole and of
the fixed pivot pin and incline planes.

page_text: Figure 4. is a part sectional elevation at B. B. (Figure 7.) showing the moveable
part of the hinge at its lowest position Figure 5. is a cross section at C. C.
(Figure 7.); Figure 6. is a part sectional elevation of the hinge, the moveable part
being at its highest position after having been rotated through an angle of 90° and
Figure 7. is a plan of the hinge as it appears when the door is closed.
Figures 8. and 9. are cross-sections of the fixed and moveable incline planes
respectively.
Figures 10. and 11. respectively illustrate, in isometric projection, a hinge applied
to a door, such door in the one case being closed and in the other, opened.
Figure 12. (Sheet 2.) is a cross-section at D. D. (Figure 13.), and Figure 13. is a
part side elevation showing how the upper part of the door is treated.
Figures 14. and 15. respectively illustrate in isometric projection the upper portion
of a door when closed and when opened.
Referring to the drawings a
20. is the pivot socket which is fixed to the floor, 21. being the moveable part
attached to the door. 22. is the pivot pin, 23. being the incline planes on the
socket and 24. the sleeve provided with similar incline planes, such sleeve being
fixed to 21. and moving with it. 25. are projections on such sleeve which fit into
corresponding recesses in 21, along with the set screw 26. causing the two to move
together as one. 27. is an oil hole.
It is to be noted that in some cases where the door opens only in the one direction,
a single incline plane will be sufficient.
If the closed door 28. be made to partially rotate about the pivot pin 22. the
fixed incline 24. slides on one of the inclines 23. thus raising it and the door to
their highest position, say when it has moved through an angle of 90°. If the
door be then left free, its weight will cause 24. to descend to its lowest position
and in so doing such door will be made to close again.
The upper hinge consists of a pin 29. attached to the door lintel 30, such
pin working in a socket 31. in the door. 32. is a moveable flap hinged and
fixed at Z. and free to rise and fall at its other extremity, such flap moving between
guides 33. When the door is shut the flap is in the position shown in
Figures 12, 13, and 14, and when it is open it is raised as shown in Figure 15.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1) The construction of a self closing hinge, applied to a door, substantially as
herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying drawings.
(2) The construction, combination and arrangement of the various parts
consisting of the pivot socket 20, part 21, pivot pin 22, incline plane or planes 23,
sleeve 24, projections 25, set screw 26, oil hole 27, door 28, upper hinge 29, and 31,
flap 32. and guides 33, substantially as herein described in reference to and shown
on the annexed drawings.
Dated this 22nd day of Ail 1905
GEO. C. DOUGLAS & Co.,
41, Reform Street, Dundee, Agents for Applicant.