IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR: STOPPING THE LOOM UPON THE BREAKING OF A WEFT THREAD OR THREADS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Dean, of Derby, in the County of
Derby, Elastic. Manufacturer, and Richard Andrew, of the same.
Place, Engineer and Mechanist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR: STOPPING THE LOOM UPON THE
BREAKING OF A WEFT THREAD OR THREADS."
Scaled the 1st January 1869, and dated the 2nd July 1868:.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Dean and
Richard Andrew at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with.
their Petition, on the 2nd July 1868..
We, WILLIAM DEAN, of Derby, in the County of Derby, Elastic
Manufacturer, and RICHARD ANDREW, of the same Place, Engineer and
Mechanist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR STOPPING THE
LOOM UPON THE BREAKING OF A WEPT THREAD, OR THREADS," to be as
follows:-
Our improvements in machinery or apparatus are mainly applicable.
to looms for weaving elastic webs, ribbons, fringes, or other narrow

page_text: fabrics. A wire is used at one or both selvages of each breadth of
fabric made in the loom; each such wire is secured to a rocking lever at
or near the centre thereof, which lever has one of its ends inclined on
its top side and pointing inwards towards the batten; the point end of
the incline points slightly upwards at such times as the unbroken weft
threads press upon it, but when either weft thread is broken the inclined
end of the lever is depressed by its own weight, and while so depressed
a reversely inclined piece secured to the batten slides upon the incline
of the rocking lever, thereby elevating the outer end of the lever, which
raises an arm secured to a rocking shaft which has upon it a catch lever
which takes into a catch or slides by the side of a boss or equivalent
upon the hand rod or equivalent which throws the driving strap from
one pulley to the other; the arm on the rocking shaft being raised the
catch lever will be thrown out of the catch or clear of the boss on the
hand rod or equivalent, leaving it free to be moved so as to throw the
strap from the fast to the loose pulley and stop the loom. The rocking
shaft carrying the lever and catch lever lies in bearings upon the lower
side of the front framing of the loom, and the hand rod or equivalent
slides in bearings in the front of the framing, and has a spring which
operates upon it when the catch lever is moved clear of the catch or
boss.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Dean and Richard Andrew in the Great.
Seal Patent Office on the 2nd January 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM 2
DEAN, of Derby, in the County of Derby, Elastic Manufacturer, and
RICHARD ANDREW, of the same Place, Engineer and Mechanist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of July, in the year 3
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said William Dean and Richard Andrew,
Her special licence that we, the said William Dean and Richard Andrew,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we; the 3

page_text: said William Dean and Richard Andrew, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdon of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED FOR STOPPING THE LOOM UPON THE BREAKING OF A WEFT THREAD
OR THREADS," upon the condition, (amongst others), that we, the
said William Dean and Richard Andrew, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Dean and Richard
Andrew, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and figures
marked thercon, that is to say:-
Our Invention consists of certain improved machinery or apparatus
to be applied to or combined with looms for the purpose of stopping the
loom on the breaking of one or more weft threads.
In
Our improved machinery or apparatus is applicable to looms for
weaving elastic webs, ribbons, fringes, or other narrow fabrics.
our improved machinery or apparatus a wire is used at one or both
selvages of each breadth of fabric made in the loom; each such wire
is secured to a rocking lever; at or near the centre of this lever, which
lever has one of its ends inclined at its top side and pointing inward
towards the batten of the loom, the point end of the incline points
slightly upwards at such times as the unbroken weft thread or threads
press upon it; but when either weft thread is broken the inclined end
of the lever is depressed by its own weight, and while so depressed a
reversely inclined piece of iron or other metal secured to the batteu
slides upon the incline of the rocking lever, thus elevating the outer
end of the lever, which raises an arm secured to a rocking shaft. Ou
this rocking shaft is also secured a catch lever which takes into a

page_text: In carrying out our invention several modifications may
One modification of our improved machinery or apparatus constructed
according to our Invention is shewn at Figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 is
a front view and Figure 2 a sectional view of a portion of a loom in
which two shuttles are employed to each breadth of fabric produced,
these views shewing our improved apparatus applied to this loom.
A is the beam which carries the brackets B to which the shuttle
planks or guides are attached in which the shuttles are moved to
and fro. This beam A also affords support for the sley or batten C ;
D is the harness which raises or depresses the various warp threads
in the usual manner; E is the fabric which is, wound as fast as
it is made upon one of the rollers of the winding apparatus F
attached to the under side of the breast beam G of the loom, and also
to a lower beam of the framing of the loom. To the side of the
breast beam nearest the batten is secured a small bracket carrying
a rocking wire H, which has its upper end pointing inwards towards
the batten, and its lower end pointing outwards and bearing
upon the upper arm of a weighted lever I which is free to turn
on an axle in the upper end of a short arm secured on a rocking

page_text: shaft K which lies in bearings secured to the upper ends of the winding,
apparatus; or the bearings may be secured to the under side of the breast
beam of the loom. L is a catch lever which is also secured to the
shaft. This catch lever L slides by the side of a boss secured upon
the hand rod which terminates in a fork M at one end for throwing
the driving strap from one pulley to the other. To the fork of the
hand rod is attached a cord or chain passed over a pulley secured to
the framing of the loom; the other end of the cord or chain is pro-
vided with a weight N, which when the hand rod is released by
moving the catch lever L will cause the rod to slide and throw the
driving belt from the fast pulley on to the loose pulley. The catch
lever L is operated upon in the following manner :-During the time
the driving strap is upon the fast pulley, as in Figure 1, the several
movements of the loom will succeed each other in a proper manner
so long as the weft threads carried by the shuttles remain unbroken.
Each weft thread as the batten or sley comes forward will raise the
upper end of the rocking wire H into the position shown by the dotted
line in Figure 2, the lower end of which wire H being thereby lowered
will allow the long arm of the weighted lever I to fall as shown by
dotted lines so as not to receive the thrust of an iron or other metal
bar O which is secured to the front of the batten or sley beam, but
immediately a weft thread breaks or is used up there being nothing
to raise the upper end of the wire H, the long arm of the weighted
lever I will remain in a horizontal position until the batten beam
comes forward, and the bar O striking the lever I will force outward
the upper end of the short arm secured on the rocking shaft K, by
which means the catch lever L is thrown clear of the boss on the
hand rod, which is then free to be moved by the weight N which causes
the driving strap to be thrown on to the loose pulley, thus causing the
loom to stop working.
In the modification just described there is a rocking wire H and
a weighted lever I with a short arm secured on the rocking shaft K
placed near both selvages of each breadth of fabric made in the loom.
But in another modification of our Invention, instead of placing the
apparatus herein-after described at both selvages of each breadth of
fabric produced, it is only necessary to place the apparatus intermediately
of the selvages of each adjoining breadth of the fabric which is being
made, and the apparatus is also placed at a similar distance from the

page_text: outer selvages of the breadths nearest each end of the loom; such
apparatus applied to a loom of like construction to the one to which
the first described modification is applied is shewn in section at
Figures 3 and 4, where A is the batten beam; B, the shuttle plank
brackets; D, the harness; E, the fabric which passes down to the winding
apparatus before described; F is the upper part of the winding
apparatus; G, the breast beam, to the inner side of which is secured
a bracket carrying an axle pin, to one side of which are attached
two wires H having forked inner ends, or a double forked single wire
may be employed instead of two single forked wires, and to the opposite
side of the axle pin is attached a bent wire which points downward
and takes into the slot of a weighted lever I, which lever works on
a pin in the upper end of a short arm secured on a rocking axle K
lying in bearings secured to the upper ends of the winding frames,
or in bearings which may be attached to the lower side of a breast
beam; on the rocking axle K is secured a catch lever L which slides
by the side of a boss on the hand rod, the same as described in our
first modification.
At Figure 3 the apparatus is seen in the position it occupics while
the weft threads are unbroken, the slotted lever I being elevated so
as not to receive the thrust of the metal bar O when the batten beam
is brought forward, but upon the weft thread carried by either shuttle
breaking, as seen at Figure 4, where the lower weft thread is broken,
a wire C (which is carried by every shuttle) falls low enough to strike
the forked end of the wire H, which wire turning upon its axle causes
the wire which points downwards to slide in the slot of the lever I,
which is thereby depressed to a horizontal position as seen at Figuro 4,
and is struck by the mictal bar O which is carried by the batten beam,
causing the catch lever L to be thrown clear of the boss on the hand
rod so that the weight N as described in our first modification throws
the driving strap on to the loose pulley and stops the loom. The wire C
above referred to, which is carried by each shuttle, is held up inside the
shuttle by the weft thread being passed under it before being threaded
through the shuttle cyc.
Figure 5 represents a shuttle in plan having the wire C held up a
by the weft thread. Figure 6 is a sectional view of the shuttle with
the weft thread broken, the wire C having fallen on to a stop pin
which is placed near either end of the wire C, such stop pin is so
placed that the fallen wire will strike the centre of the fork of the

page_text: wire H, which is bent at such an angle that the fork will slide along
the wire C as it turns on its axis.
We would have it understood that all of the above described apparatus
are equally applicable to looms having one tier of shuttles or to
looms having two, three, or more tiers of shuttles, such looms being
stopped whenever a weft thread breaks or the thread is used up.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same may be performed, we declare that our Invention relates
to machinery or apparatus for stopping looms upon the breaking of
one or more weft threads, or of one or more weft threads becoming
worked up, and that we claim the arrangement and combination of
parts constituting the improved machinery and apparatus constructed
and operating substantially as described for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Dean and Richard
Andrew, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirtieth day
of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-eight.
WILLIAM DEAN.
(L.S.)
Witness,
GEO. JON. ROBINSON,
Patent Office,
Nottingham.
RICHARD ANDREW. (L.S.)