IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MILKING ANIMALS
Year: 1851

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Tenth day of February, in the fourteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Edward Newton, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said William Edward Newton, my exors, admors,
and assigns, and such others as I, the said William Edward Newton, my
exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein mentioned,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in all Her Majesty's Colonies
and Plantations abroad, and in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney,
Sark, and Man, an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MILKING
ANIMALS," being a communication from abroad; in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso obliging me, the said William Edward Newton, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High.

page_text: Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Edward Newton, do hereby declare that the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures
marked thereon (that is to say):
This Invention" of "Improvements in Apparatus for Milking Animals"
consists in the making of a sack or pocket of gutta percha or india rubber, or
other suitable material, for the purpose of encasing the teat of the cow or other
animal. In the lower end of this sack is secured a small silver tube through
the orifice of which is inserted a piston or exhauster, made of silver or other
suitable metal that will not readily oxidize, or it may be made of gutta percha.
This piston when made of metal is packed, but when made of gutta percha it
is not necessary to be packed; the silver pistons are, however, preferable for
The tube and piston when the sack is applied to the teat is passed into
the milk duct of the cow's teat, and the sack drawn up around the neck of the
teat. When in this situation the elastic band contracts around the teat,
somewhat like the pressure from the hand of a milker, and in consequence of
the impervious nature of the sack imparts a warmth like that of the mouth of
the calf. On withdrawing the piston the orifice of the teat is kept distended
by the sides of the tube, and an instant discharge of milk follows.
use.
In order, however, that the Invention may be more clearly understood, I
have in the accompanying Drawings shewn several views of the instrument or
apparatus. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of one of the improved milkers;
Fig. 2 is a cross section of the same to exhibit the mode of attaching the
tube; Fig. 3 is a detached view of one of the tubes; Fig. 4 is a detached
view of the piston that is inserted in the tubes. The sack A is made of gutta
percha or india rubber, or other suitable water and air proof material, and of
sufficient size for encasing the teat of a cow. These sacks have attached to
their necks or mouths an elastic strap or band B, for the purpose of com-
pressing the teat, to cause the cow to give or yield down her milk, and also
for retaining or holding the sack firmly on the teat. In the lower, end of the
sack is a tube C, made of silver or other suitable substance not liable to
oxidize, and secured or attached to the sack by means of two small collars
D and E on the tube. These collars are soldered to the tube, and are made

page_text: of a dish form, having their convex sides approximating so as to admit of the
puncture in the lower end of the sack being stretched open and over one of
the collars or dishes, and to contract again in the groove between the
dishes or collars, so as to form a secure attachment of the sack to the
piston tube, as well as to prevent any circulation of air. in contact with the
teat when the milker has been applied. Through the orifice of the tube is
inserted a piston or exhauster G. This piston is about two inches long and
made of silver or other suitable metal not liable to oxydize, or of gutta percha
or of wood, should it be thought advisable, but that which has been thought
most desirable to use is silver. It is made a little longer than the tube,
say about one quarter of an inch, and has its end nicely rounded, to prevent it
from injuring the teat when being inserted into the milk duct or canal, and for
the purpose of guiding the tube when being applied. On the end of the piston
is a ring H, for the convenience of holding it while applying the set of milkers,
and while waiting for the cow to give down her milk.
The operation of the milk exhauster is as follows:-When the instrument
is to be used the person using it opens and turns the mouth of the sack down
and quite inside out, so as to expose the entering part of the tube and piston
entirely. The tube and piston is now gently inserted into the orifice of the
teat as far as it will go, and in which position it is held 'till the sack is drawn
up over it, when the elastic band or strap around the mouth of the sack
contracts and firmly holds it in that state. When thus properly secured, the
piston is gently withdrawn, leaving the orifice of the teat distended by the
sides of the tube for the flowing of the milk, in consequence of the pressure
and warmth imparted to it (somewhat like that caused by the mouth of the
calf) by the air-tight sack by which it is encased.
Having now described the mode of making and operation of the improved
instrument or apparatus, I will proceed to state what I claim as new, and
desire to secure by Letters Patent.
What I claim is the sack A, made of india rubber or other suitable water
or air proof material, in combination with the elastic strap or band B, for
compressing the teat and neck of the sack and exhauster tube C and piston G,
or either one or more of the foregoing parts, in combination with a sack, for
the purpose of milking cows in the manner herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.
W. E. (L.s.) NEWTON..

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fifth day of August, in the
year of our Lord 1851, the aforesaid William Edward Newton came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifi-
cation aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in
form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Ninth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-one.