Method of and Apparatus for Utilizing Electric Energy.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Method of and Apparatus for Utilizing Electric Energy.
I, HARRY BARRINGER Cox, of The Laboratory, St. Albans, in the County of Herts,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to a method of, and apparatus for, utilising electric energy, by
means of which certain advantages hereafter to be mentioned are obtained.
In order that the nature of my invention may be sufficiently presented, I shall
proceed to describe a way in which it is to be, or may be, carried into effect: and for
that purpose I shall refer to the two accompanying figures which diagrammatically
represent, in so far as the first figure is concerned, an arrangement and or combination
of devices which gives promising results in practice, and, in so far as the second
figure is concerned, a curve showing an effect obtained.
Referring now to Figure I, 1 is a source of electrical energy, consisting in this case
of a battery of five secondary cells arranged in series, and therefore supplying current
at an electromotive force of about 10 volts. 2 is a self induction coil whose winding
forms part of the external circuit of the said battery. 3 is a vibrating make and
break of well known form arranged in the battery circuit. 4 is a condenser arranged
in shunt to the battery. 5 is the working circuit containing the lamps 6, or other
current receiving devices. This circuit is connected as shown, the two wires leading.
from either side of the point where the circuit is made and broken. It will be seen
that whilst the apparatus is in operation the working circuit is never absolutely broken
or disconnected; for when the circuit is broken at the point 3 the working circuit is
in the direct battery circuit, the current passing from one terminal of battery 1 by
lead 7, coil 2, lead 8, vibrating tongue 9, lead 10, receiving devices 6, lead 11, lead 12
back to the other terminal of battery 1; whilst when the circuit is closed at the
point 3 the working circuit is in shunt to the now direct circuit which is from
battery 1 through lead 7, coil 2, lead 8, vibrating tongue 9, lead 12 back to battery
again.
Now I have ascertained that with the arrangement and combination of devices
herein before mentioned, it is possible to obtain, in the lamps or other receiving devices 6,
effects far exceeding what can be obtained by placing the said receiving devices in the
direct circuit of the battery. Thus in the working circuit 5, and with the arrangement
shown in Figure I, I have been able to obtain the curve shown in Figure II, and to
heat to brilliant and continuous incandescence a glow lamp the filament of which
is barely reddened when in ordinary direct circuit with the same battery. I am not
at present prepared to explain the full theory-upon which my invention is based. It
is sufficient at present to say that apparently whilst the quantity of current derived
from the battery varies with the opening and closing of the circuit at 3, whereby the
working circuit is rapidly changed from shunt to direct circuit and back again, there
is an additional electromotive force superposed upon the original or ordinary
electromotive force of the battery.
Apparently, also, the more rapid the make and break of the circuit at 3 the higher
does the electromotive force in the working circuit rise and by taking advantage of
:

page_text: this fact, or apparent fact, I am able to obtain a most efficient method and means of
regulating the amount of light given out by the lamps in the working circuit, (or the
return yielded by other receiving devices in the said circuit), and this without the
loss of energy which at present occurs when such regulation is carried out by means
of resistances. In a vibrating make and break device of the kind illustrated in
Figure I, such regulation can be effected by turning, in one direction or the other,
the screw which varies the amplitude and therefore the rate of vibration of the tongue :
whilst in the case of a rotating make and break device, the use of which I contemplate,
such rate of make and break can be varied by any of the known means of varying the
velocity of a rotating body.
Dated this 27th day of February 1897.
WHE
'I, HARRY BARRINGER Cox, of The Laboratory, St. Albans, in the County of Herts,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
My invention relates to a method of, and apparatus for, utilizing electric energy
by means of which certain advantages are obtained.
In order that my invention may be sufficiently presented, I shall proceed to
describe a way in which it is to be, or may be, carried into effect: and for that
purpose I shall refer to the two figures of the drawings left with my Provisional
Specification which diagrammatically represent, in so far as the first figure is concerned,
an arrangement and or combination of devices which gives good results in practice,
and, in so far as the second figure is concerned, a curve showing an effect obtained.
Referring now to Figure I, 1 is a source of electrical energy, consisting in this
case of a battery of five secondary cells arranged in series, and therefore supplying
current at an electromotive force of about 10 volts. 2 is a self induction coil whose
winding forms part of the external circuit of the said battery. 3 is a vibrating make
and break of well known form arranged in the battery circuit. 4 is a condenser
arranged in shunt to the battery. 5 is the working circuit containing the lamps 6,
or other current receiving devices. This circuit is connected as shown, the two
wires leading from either side of the point where the circuit is made and broken. It
will be seen that whilst the apparatus is in operation the working circuit is never
absolutely broken or disconnected; for when the circuit is broken at the point 3 the
working circuit is in the direct battery circuit, the current passing from one terminal
of battery 1 by lead 7, coil 2, lead 8, vibrating tongue 9, lead 10, receiving device 6,
lead 11, lead 12 back to the other terminal of battery 1; whilst when the circuit is
closed at the point 3 the working circuit is in shunt to the now direct circuit which
is from battery. I through lead 7, coil 2, lead 8, vibrating tongue 9, lead 12 back to
battery again.
Now I have ascertained that with the arrangement and combination of devices
hereinbefore mentioned, it is possible to obtain, in the lamps or other receiving
devices 6, effects far exceeding what can be obtained by simply placing the said
receiving devices in the direct circuit of the battery. Thus in the working circuit 5,

page_text: and with the arrangement shown in Figure I, I am able to obtain the curve shown in
Figure II, and to heat to brilliant and continuous incandescence a glow lamp the
filament of which is barely reddened when in ordinary direct circuit with the same
battery. The explanation of the effect obtained appears to be that whilst the quantity
of current derived from the battery varies as the circuit is opened and closed at 3
(whereby the working circuit is rapidly changed from shunt to direct circuit and
back again), there is an additional electromotive force superposed npon the original or
ordinary electromotive force of the battery. This additional electromotive force is
shown in the curve obtained as aforesaid, and which is represented in Figure II.
The more rapid the make and break of the circuit at 3 the higher does the
electromotive force in the working circuit rise: and, by taking advantage of this, I am
able to obtain a most efficient method and means of regulating the amount of light
given out by the lamps in the working circuit, (or the return yielded by other
receiving devices in the said circuit), and this without the loss of energy which at
present occurs when such regulation carried out by means of resistances. In a
vibrating make and break device of the kind illustrated in Figure I, such regulation
can be effected by turning, in one direction or the other, the screw which varies the
amplitude and therefore the rate of vibration of the tongue whilst in the case of a
rotating make and break device, the use of which I contemplate, such rate of make
and break can be varied by any of the known means of varying the velocity of a
rotating body.
I have herein before referred to the employment of a secondary battery but it is
obvious that any other convenient source of electric energy may be employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The method of utilizing electric energy substantially as set forth.
2. In a method of utilizing electric energy, such as is herein set forth, causing the
lamps (or other receiving devices) to be rapidly and alternately placed in direct and
in shunt circuit with the source of electric energy whilst a condenser remains in
shunt circuit to the said source of electric energy substantially as set forth.
3. The method of regulating the effect produced by the receiving devices which
consists in varying the rate of make and break substantially as set forth.
4. The combination of source of electric energy, condenser and make and break
device substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5. The combination of source of electric energy, condenser, self induction coil and
make and break device substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
6. The arrangement and combination of parts substantially as set forth with reference
to Figure I.
ردد
1
Nanban 1807
1907