IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FEEDING BOILERS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Tomlinson Bousfield, of Loughborough
Park, Brixton, in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FEEDING BOILERS." - A communication from
abroad by William Lane Chase, of the City and County of Philadelphia,
and State of Pennsylvania, in the United States of America.
Sealed the 11th February 1862, and dated the 23rd August 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Tomlinson
Bousfield at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 23rd August 1861.
I, GEORGE TOMLINSON BOUSFIELD, of Loughborough Park, Brixton, in the
County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FEEDING BOILERS," to be as follows :-
The apparatus known as Giffard's injection, as constructed previous to this
Invention, although admirably adapted to force water into boilers, cannot be
relied upon to draw water from a level much below that of the injector, hence
its employment has been limited in practice to cases in which the level of the
water from which the injector is supplied is not more than about five feet
perpendicularly below the injector.
The object of this Invention is to enable such like apparatus to be employed
to draw water from much greater depths, and thus to extend its application to
many cases in which it could not previously be used with success, unless a
lifting pump or some other means were used in connection with it to raise
the water to the level from which the injector could draw the water with
certainty.

page_text: When the "Giffard injector" is in successful operation, the suction pipe
from the steam nozzle to the source from which the water is supplied is filled
with water, hence the steam jet acts upon dense water; when, however, the
operation of the apparatus is stopped by shutting off the steam, the water in
the suction pipe runs back to the level of the supply, leaving the suction pipe
full of air; hence, when steam is again turned on the steam jet instead of
acting upon dense water acts upon expansible air, and if the level of the
supply is much below that of the injector the steam jet cannot wholly exhaust
the air from the suction pipo, and the water will not rise to the level of the
steam jet.
The object of the first part of this Invention is to obviate this difficulty, and
it consists in combining a Giffard injector and the suction pipe thereof with a
valve located in the said suction pipe, in such a position that it prevents the
reflux of the water from the suction pipe when the steam is shut off from the
apparatus.
The object of the second part of this Invention is to permit the suction
pipe to be filled with water up to the end of the steam nozzle, so that when
the steam jet is put in operation it shall begin to act immediately upon denso
water. This part of the Invention consists in combining the Giffard injector,
the suction pipe thereof, and the reflux valve before mentioned with a filling
nozzle fitted with a cock or valve, the combination being such that the suction
pipe can be filled through the cock or valve at the nozzle, which is to be
closed when the suction pipe and nozzle are full.
The object of the third part of this Invention is to procure a supply of
water for filling the suction pipe by the operation of the injector, and it
consists in combining the second part of this Invention with a tank by means
of a branch pipe leading from the discharge pipe of the injector, which branch
pipe is fitted with a cock or valve, so that the tank may be replenished with
water by the injector itself.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Tomlinson Bousfield in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 21st February 1862.
11

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said George Tomlinson Bousfield Her special licence that I, the said George
Tomlinson Bousfield, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said George Tomlinson Bousfield, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FEEDING BOILERS," a com-
munication to me from abroad by William Lane Chase, of the City and
County of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, in the United States of
America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George
Tomlinson Bousfield, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and uscertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Tomlinson Bousfield, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawing, which represents a vertical section of a Giffard injector, with my
improvements applied thereto.
The Giffard's injector as constructed previously to this Invention, although
admirably adapted to force water into boilers, cannot be relied upon to draw
water from a level much below that of the injector; hence its employment
has been limited in practice to cases in which the level of the water from
which the injector is supplied is not more than about five feet perpen-
dicularly below the injector.
The object of this Invention is to enable the injector to be employed to
draw water from much greater depths, and thus to extend its application to
many cases in which it could not previously be used with success unless a
lifting pump or some other means were used in connection with it to raise
the water to the level from which it could draw the water with certainty.
When the "Giffard injector " is in successful operation, the suction pipe from

page_text: the steam nozzle to the source from which tho water is supplied is filled with
water, hence the steam jet acts upon dense water; when, however, the
operation of the apparatus is stopped by shutting off the steam, the water in
the suction pipe runs back to the level of the supply, leaving the suction pipe
full of air; hence, when steam is again turned on, the steam jet instead of
acting upon dense water acts upon expansible air; and if the level of the
supply is much below that of the injector the steam jet cannot wholly exhaust
the air from the suction pipe, and the water will not rise to the level of the
steam jet.
The object of the first part of this Invention is to obviate this difficulty, and
it consists in combining a Giffard injector and the suction pipe thereof
with a valve located in the said suction pipe in such a position that it provents
the reflux of the water from the suction pipe when the steam is shut off
from the apparatus.
The object of the second part of this Invention is to permit the suction pipe
to be filled with water, or "primed," as I term it, up the end of the steam
nozzle, so that when the steam jet is put in operation it shall begin to act
immediately upon denso water. This part of this Invention consists in com-
bining the Giffard injector, the suction pipo thereof, and the reflux valve
before mentioned with a priming nozzle fitted with a cock or valve, the com-
bination being such that the suction pipe can be primed through the priming
nozzle, and that the latter can then be closed.
The object of the third part of this Invention is to procure a supply of water
for priming the suction pipe by the operation of the injector, and it consists
in combining the second part of this Invention with a tank by means of a
branch pipe leading from the discharge pipe of the injector, which branch
pipe is fitted with a cock or valve, so that the tank may be replenished with
water by the injector itself.
The apparatus represented in the accompanying Drawing embodies the
entire Invention. The Giffard injector A is connected with the source of
supply by means of the suction pipe B, which is enlarged at its lower end to
form a chamber for a self-acting flap valve c, which is below the water level,
and opens upwards; hence whenever the operation of the injector is stopped
this valve closes by its weight, and prevents the reflux of water from the
suction pipe. The priming nozzlo e is in this instance formed upon the
injector itself, and it is fitted with a cock f, by which it can be closed. As
the supply of priming water is in this instance taken from a tank, the priming
nozzle is connected with the tank G by means of a pipe, in which the stop-
cock is located. The tank is combined with the injector by means of a

page_text: branch pipe leading from the discharge pipe J, and the branch pipe and
discharge pipe are both fitted with cocks, so that the injector may be used to
replenish the tank, or to force water through the discharge pipe to a steami
boiler, as desired, by putting the injector in connection with the one, and
closing the connection with the other. As the construction of the Giffard
injector is well known to engineers, I do not deem it necessary to describe it
minutely, but will merely indicate some of the parts represented in the accom-
panying Drawing. K is the steam pipe leading from the boiler; m is the
perforated tube through which the steam passes to the steam nozzle n; O is
the overflow pipe; s is the check valve to prevent the reflux of water from
the discharge pipe when the injector is not working; P is the hand wheel for
setting the steam nozzle, and R is the screw rod for regulating the flow of
steam through the steam nozzle.
In order to put the above-described apparatus into operation the tank
should be filled with water, the priming cock should then be opened to permit
water to flow through the priming nozzle into the suction pipe, and as the
reflux valve c at the bottom of the suction pipe prevents the escape of water
from the suction pipe, the latter can be entirely filled with water up to the steam
nozzle. As soon as the suction pipe is full steam may be turned on to the
injector, and then the priming cock should be closed. As the suction pipe is
thus filled with water up to the steam nozzle, the steam jet will begin to act
immediately upon dense water, and the apparatus will proceed to draw water
through the suction pipe. Instead of using a tank to supply priming water,
the latter may be poured in by hand, or a supply may be obtained by con-
necting the priming nozzle with the boiler, which is to be fed by the injector
by means of a pipe which enters the boiler either above or below the water
level therein. In the former case the priming water will be furnished by the
condensation of steam from the boiler, and in the latter case the water taken
directly from the boiler will be used for priming. The location of the priming
nozzle is not a matter of importance provided the arrangement be such that
the suction pipe can be filled; thus, for example, the priming nozzle can be
placed upon the suction pipe between the body of the injector and the reflux
valve, provided a pipe be applied to the nozzle and be extended sufficiently
high to enable the suction pipe to be filled by supplying water through said
pipe. In the accompanying Drawing I have represented a stop-cock t in the
discharge pipe J to cut off the connection with the boiler when the priming
tank is to be filled. This stop-cock is unnecessary when a check valve is used
between the branch pipe and the boiler to prevent the reflux of water from
the latter when the stop-cock leading to the tank is opened.

page_text: The Invention is not limited to any peculiar construction of the valves or
stop-cocks employed in the apparatus, as these may be varied as deemed
expedient, provided they will perform the functions required in the operation
of the apparatus; nor is the second part of the Invention limited to any par-
ticular construction of the parts for priming the apparatus; the principle of
the second part of the Invention being that suitable means are provided for
priming the apparatus before the steam is turned on.
What I claim as the Invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,
the combination of a Giffard injector and the suction pipe thereof with a
reflux valve, substantially as described.
Secondly, I claim the combination of a Giffard injector, the suction pipe
thereof, and a reflux valve to prevent the escape of water from the suction
pipe with a priming nozzle, substantially as described.
Thirdly, I claim the combination of the next preceding combination with a
tank, by means of a pipe branching from the discharge pipe of the injector,
substantially as described.
In witness whercof, I, the said George Tomlinson Bousfield, have
hereunto set my band and seal, this Twentieth day of February, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.