Improvements in or relating to Fences and Gates.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 21st Aug., 1890-Accepted, 4th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Fences and Gates.
A communication from abroad by Messrs. O. M. STYRON AND COMPANY, of 82 to 84,
Union Street, Norfolk, in the State of Virginia, United States of America.
I DAVID ALEXANDER HUNTER of 19 Tithebarn Street Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster, a Director of Croggan and Co., Ltd., do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object a cheap fence or gate practically unclimbable and
having the advantages of the vertical lath or board fence with those of a wire
fence.
Instead of forming the fence wholly of wire twisted together I arrange a series of
wire cords of preferably two wires each & twisted the series being in a vertical plane
and at intervals I insert in these wires cross laths or pickets pointed at top usually one
and a half inches by three eighths of an inch formed of light cedar or other wood, the
two wires passing one on each side.
For an ordinary fence I preferably place the laths from one to two inches apart, but
where it is only required for sheep I may place them four, five or even six inches
apart.
The fence is formed at the factory in rolls usually of one hundred feet long.
In erecting, a series of posts is first placed in the ground, the fence is then unrolled
alongside it and stretched tight by the usual stretching machinery, it is then stapled
by iron staples to the posts.
In place of using wooden laths I may use iron hoop pointed at the top or even rods
of iron, say half an inch in diameter and pointed at the top.
Also I may use barbed wire on the very top of the fence so as to make it
unclimbable.
To make gates on this plan all that is required is to form a framework and stretch
the fencing over this framework firmly securing it thereto or even (when the fencing
is tight) simply securing diagonal stays to it and then cutting off the pieco required
for the gate. It is preferable however in such a case to add a top and bottom rail of
stout wood as well so as to stiffen the gate horizontally and further add a vertical post
or bar at each end of the gate.
D
Lot 1000
WM. P. THOMPSON,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Fences and Gates.
A communication from abroad by Messrs. O. M. STYRON & Co., of 82 to 84, Union
Street, Norfolk, in the State of Virginia, United States of America.
I DAVID ALEXANDER HUNTER of 19 Tithebarn Street, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, a Director of Croggan & Co. Ltd. do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object a cheap fence or gate practically unclimbable and
having the advantages of the vertical lath or board fence with those of a wire
fence. The invention is best described by aid of the accompanying drawings in
which

page_text: Fig. 2 horizontal section of same.
Fig. 3 an elevation of a gate made on this principle and
Fig. a perspective view of some fencing rolled up ready for export but without
posts.
In the drawings A A are posts of any desired material firmly fixed in the ground.
BB are strands each formed preferably of two wires twisted together. Between
these wires at intervals laths C C are passed. These laths can be of wood or metal.
and can be simple flat laths rods or tubes as desired. The exact shape being immaterin!
for the purpose so long as it is sufficiently stiff to stand the strain. D D are barbed
wires which I prefer to attach to the top of the fence so as to still further prevent
anyone climbing over it.
The fence is shown in the drawing a few inches above the ground. It can if desired
rest on the ground or on a longitudinal board nailed to the posts. EE are staples
fastening the wire to the posts. FF Fig. 3 are hars forming the usual framework of
a gute, these can be of any required design.
In making the fence the various wires are preferably twisted by machinery, the
required number of wheels each carrying two wires being arranged on a rope walk so
as to give the required twists and these wheels being geared together for this purpose.
At a given number of turns in each instance a slight stop is made in the twisting and
one of the bars is thrust through between the wires at once by hand or by machinery
and the twisting is continued. When a long length of this fastening has been made it
is rolled up as shown in Fig. 4 and can be taken in this form to the field and there
stapled or otherwise attached to uprights or posts. For an ordinary fence formed
with wooden laths, the laths are preferably 14 inches by inch of light cedar or pine
or other suitable wood. These are preferably placed one to two inches apart for use
in towns but where required only for sheep-walks, four five or six inches apart is all
that is required.
In erecting, a series of posts is first placed in the ground, the rolls of fencing,
usually a hundred feet to each roll, are then unrolled by the line of posts and stretched
tight by the usual stretching machinery, they are then stapled by iron staples to the
posts.
When making gates on this plan the fencing either of even height or uneven as
shown in Fig. 3, is simply attached to a framework already made. It can however be
made by simply stretching the fencing and then attaching the diagonal and other
stays to it and cutting off a sufficient piece for a gate. 1 prefer in such case,
however, to put bottom and top rails of stout wood so as to stiffen the gate horizon-
tally and further a strong vertical post or bar at each end of the gate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The manufacture of fences formed of a combination of laths rods or tubes
and strands of two or more wires each twisted together so as to enclose said laths
between them and stretched upon posts or capable of being rolled in lengths for
exportation substantially as described.
Second. The manufacture of gates of a combination of fencing such as described
and an ordinary gate framework.
Dated this 21st day of August 1890.