IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRINTING FROM A CHAIN OF TYPES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John M°Adams, of Brooklyn, in the State of New
York, United States of America, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR PRINTING FROM A CHAIN OF TYPES."
Sealed the 6th December 1867, and dated the 3rd July 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
left by the said John McAdams at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
July 1867.
I, JOHN MCADAMS, of Brooklyn, in the State of New York, United States
of America, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRINTING FROM A CHAIN OF TYPES," to be as follows:-
Machines have been made in which number or name types have been
connected to form a chain, and they have been inked and brought around to
print either successive numbers on books for paging or on other articles for
numbering or lettering.
My improvement relates, first, to a means for inking such chain of types.
I have a revolving ink wheel that is inked by a hand roller as often as
necessary (perhaps four times a day) and I have a reciprocating roller
travelling over several of the types as the chain is drawn along, thereby inking
them properly and evenly, and at the end of its reciprocation the said roller
[Price 8d.]

page_text: comes into contact with the ink wheel to receive a fresh supply. The types for
paging are so placed that as the chain is drawn along progressively the proper
numbers come back to back and the attendant allows the leaves to fall
successively so that the types are between the corners of two leaves, and a
nipping motion giving a pressure both ways prints the two numbers simul-
taneously.
The second feature of my Invention relates to a revolving turner that is
made as a notched T on a revolving shaft, and in its revolution passes the
lower sheet down below the types out of the way, and brings the upper sheet
beneath the types to receive the second impression, and this turner is made
with notches in its edges to ensure the movement of the upper sheets as it
revolves.
Third, I employ an endless tape that acts as a tympan sheet, and receives
any off set, and this tape is made double, and it is moved along gradually so
as to present a fresh surface and prevent blurring, and by my improvement
the tape is applied above the upper sheet as well as below the under sheet so
as to form an elastic bed for the upper impression, and a new surface is
presented each impression.
Fourth, I provide a table upon which the book to be paged is laid, and by
a connection to the treadle (that operates the machine) a wheel is gradually
moved that by a rack and pinion lowers the table as the paging progresses.
The end of the table is formed diagonally, and prevents the leaf sagging before
it is printed and a lever is employed to move the table back and forth.
Fifth, for holding additional types and for facilitating washing I provide a
cylinder set to revolve upon a stationary screw, each turn being equal to the
width of the chain of types; over this cylinder I slip a skeleton cylinder of
wire, and wind the chain of types thereon, and this can be removed so that
both sides of the chain will be cleaned by immersion in an alkaline solution.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John McAdams in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd January 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
MCADAMS, of Brooklyn, in the State of New York, United States of America,
send greeting.

page_text: IN
dred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for
rself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said John
Adams, Her special license that I, the said John McAdams, my executors,
ministrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John McAdams,
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
erein expressed,, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
nd, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
annel Islands and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
CHINERY FOR PRINTING FROM A CHAIN OF TYPES," upon the condition (amongst
ers) that I, the said John M°Adams, by an instrument in writing under
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
d Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
e same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
nths next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John M'Adams, do hereby declare
e nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
rformed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
tement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to
e letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
Fig. 1 is a plan of my said machine, the rear part of the frame being
shown as broken off, and the impression levers removed to show
the chain of types.
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22
"3
2 is a front.elevation of the machine.
3 is a side view of the inking apparatus and the mechanism for
actuating the impression levers.
4 is an elevation of the type chain, rollers, and impression levers.
"
5 is a plan and side view of several links of the type chain.
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6 shows the rollers for said chain.
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7 is a detached view of the feeding mechanism for lowering the table.
Fig. 8 is an elevation in smaller size of the chain holding cylinder.
milar marks of reference denote the same parts in all the Figures:
Machines have been made in which number or name types have been
nnected to form a chain, and they have been inked and brought around to
int successively either numbers for book paging or for numbering or marking
her articles.
My Invention relates, first, to a means for inking such chain of types. I
ve an ink wheel a that is revolved and inked by a hand roller as often as

page_text: necessary (perhaps three or four times a day), and I employ a roller b that is
reciprocated by an arm c from the shaft c of the treadle c', and moves over
the working table b', and then over two or more of the types in the chain of
types d so as to thoroughly ink the same, and the roller b comes back into
contact with the roller a, taking ink therefrom and turning it gradually
by the contact therewith. The chain of types d is made with types
projecting from the surface of the links, and when numbers are used they
are arranged so that the types y, y, will be back to back in a position for
being impressed against the opposite corners of the leaves of a book, said
leaves standing in the position shown in Fig. 5, one above and the other
below the types, and being pressed upon such types by the impression
levers e, e', one above the other below the paper, and acting to print the two
numbers simultaneously. The impression levers e, e¹, are on shafts that are
geared together at f, and a partial rotation being given by a connection f¹ to
the shaft c² said levers e, e¹, are moved together to give the impression or
opened to allow the sheets to be introduced. The type chain is moved along
link by link by a turning plate e³ that is between the links d and receives its
motion from the rack g that is connected by the rod c to a lever on the
shaft c³, and operates upon a pinion 3, provided with a ratchet and pawl so
as only to operate in one direction in drawing forward the chain of types
The shaft of the pinion 3 is flattened, and the spring c lies against that part
so as to aid in completing the movement and to hold the parts when turned.
Second, at the end of the shaft or turning plate is a double ended revolving
leaf turner h that makes a half revolution, each impression of the machine
carrying the lower sheet down out of the way below the curved detainer cº,
and moving the top sheet of paper down below the types and then receiving
the next sheet or leaf as dropped by the attendant, and this turner stands as
a T to the revolving shaft, and may be provided with notches to ensure the
said movement of the sheet.
Third, the tape is endless and of any desired length being carried a number
of times around the grooved pulleys i, i, and the portion of the tape passes
around the impression lever e, and the portion around the impression lever c¹.
The tape acts as a tympan, being made of the proper thickness to give the
necessary elasticity. The tape is moved along gradually so that a fresh
surface is presented at each impression, and the portion receives the off set
of the previous impression and prevents blurring. The clamp m actuated
from the shaft c² acts to grip and move the tape as aforesaid. In order to
prevent the under sheet (that is pressed upwards by the lever e¹) sagging or

page_text: falling down before it is impressed I make use of a sustaining finger e*
extending out from such lever e¹, and upon which the sheet falls and is
partly sustained and properly held up until printed.
Fourth, the table m is set on a vertical frame o, and may be slidden upon
said bed nearer to or farther from the point where the printing is effected for
adjusting the position of the book that is laid upon such table in order that
the impression may come upon the proper place, the lever p being employed
for this purpose.
The table n is formed with one end slightly diagonal; as
seen at n¹, Fig. 1, in order that there may be a support for the leaves that
are being printed to prevent them sagging, and at the same time the bed n
is not in the way of the operative parts. The vertical frame o and
table n are fitted in the stationary frame r and sustained by the rack q and
pinion s. t is a wheel that is operated on by the clamp t¹ connected to the
treadle c¹, so that the bed n will be lowered gradually as the printing
progresses, thereby keeping the book in the proper position for printing.
Fifth, I provide skeleton cylinders of wire gauze for containing the chain of
types in order that the said chains may be washed and cleaned on all sides by
immersion in an alkaline solution, and I employ a cylinder w, see Fig. 8, set
upon a horizontal screw w¹, and over this I slip the skeleton chain cylinder.
The chain of types can be wound upon or unwound from the said cylinder,
each revolution of the cylinder w on its stationary screw giving an end
movement equal to the width of the chain, so that the same will be wound
helically. By placing the cylinder w near the chain of types on the
machine and disconnecting the said chain and attaching one end to the
chain on the cylinder and the other to that cylinder w a chain can be
wound out of the machine upon the cylinder w and another simultaneously
drawn into the machine off the cylinder w. The screw and cylinder w
can be turned up vertically, as shown by dotted lines.
What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,-
First, the specified arrangement and mode of applying the inking apparatus
to the chain of types.
Second, the revolving leaf turner combined with the chain of types as and
for the purposes specified.
Third, the endless tape or belt applied substantially as set forth to the
impression levers for the purposes specified.
Fourth, the table n formed with a diagonal end and adjusted and lowered
in the manner specified.
Fifth, the skeleton cylinder of wire to hold the chain of types as set forth,
and the mounting of the same on a screw for the purposes specified.

page_text: Sixth, the gears actuated by the connection f in combination with the
levers e, e¹, as and for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John McAdams, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of December, A.D. One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witnesses,
CHAS. H. SMITH,
121, Nassau St., N.Y.
GEO. D. WALKER,
119, Nassau St., New York.
JOHN M'ADAMS. (L.S.)