IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND APPLICATION OF PIPES FOR HEATING PURPOSES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Eley, of the City Road. Steam and Hot
"Water Works, Union Place, City Road, London, in the County of.
Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
AND APPLICATION OF PIPES FOR HEATING PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Eley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th May 1857..
I, EDWARD ELEY, of the City Road Steam and Hot Water Works, Union
Place, City Road, London, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the-
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND
APPLICATION OF PIPES FOR HEATING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the manufacture and application of pipe for
heating purposes, of certain fluted or other equivalent forms, whereby a greater
amount of heating surface is gained with a given internal space than with
pipes as at present made, and also in certain cases ornamental effects are"
produced thereby. To effect this I form pipes having straight or spiral -
groves upon their surface, the internal space of which pipes is less than in''
round pipes thus, supposing the pipes to have a series of ridges or grooves,''

page_text: much greater in proportion to the internal space than in a plain pipe, and thus a
smaller quantity of heating media will be required to fill them, and con--
sequently a great saving of fuel will be effected thereby. Or instead of or
together with grooved or corrugated pipes, I in some cases make the pipe
thus:
By this means a receptacle for receiving and retainingwater is
obtained, which is of great advantage in conservatories and other placeswhere
a moist heated atmosphere is required, whilst at the same time a large
amount of heating surface is obtained with a comparatively small internal
space. I am aware that troughs have already been cast upon round pipes for
effecting the object herein-before described, I therefore lay no claim thereto.
I would also have it understood, that although I have described only three
forms of pipes for illustration the nature of my Invention, that many other
forms possessing similar characteristics may be employed in lieu thereof with
greater or less advantage, the object of my Invention being to obtain a large
amount of external heating surface in a small space and with the minimum of
heating media.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Eley, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th November 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
ELEY, of No. 10, Union Place, City Road, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
. Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty
year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edward Eley, Her special licence that I, the said Edward Eley, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward
Eley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MANUFACTURE AND APPLICATION OF PIPES FOR HEATING PURPOSES," upon the con-

page_text: dition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Eley, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and.
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next immediately after the date of the said Letters: Patent."
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Eley, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in the manufacture and application or fixing of.
pipes for heating purposes of certain fluted or other equivalent forms or con-:
figuration, whereby a greater amount of heating surface is acted upon with a.
given quantity of water or other heating media than would be the case if
round or other shaped pipes, as at present made, were employed; also in:
giving such ornamental shape or configuration to pipes for heating purposes
that they shall harmonise with the style of architecture of the place where.
they are to be fixed.
The forms of pipe which I prefer for carrying out my said Invention are
represented in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Figure 1 is an end view of a fluted pipe, which will be found to answer:
most of the requirements of my said Invention, inasmuch that it combines a
large amount of heating and radiating surface with an ornamental form. The
amount of surface which this pipe possesses will remove the necessity of using
"stacks" of piping, and also will enable me to dispense to a great extent with..
the unsightly connections now employed. This form of pipe is constructed, as
will be seen, of a series of grooves or corrugations; as the indented or.
recessed parts thereof are acted upon equally with the raised portions by the
steam, hot water, or other heating media employed, it is evident that in
proportion to the depth or number of such grooves so will the external or
heating surface be increased. In some cases I vary the shapes and size of
the corrugations, and also give them a spiral instead of a straight form.
Figure 2. The pipe represented in Fig. 2 is intended for horticultural
purposes for evaporating, but if turad sideways it will occupy only a small
amount of space, and will at the same time present an ornamental appearance.
I am aware that pipes having troughs cast upon them have already been
inade and used, but the object of this part of my Invention is to make the
trough or gutter itself hollow, and thus whilst gaining a large amount of
external surface with a small internal space, producing an economical..

page_text: evaporating trough, whereby a moist warmth may be diffused through the
conservatory or other place where they are fixed.
Figure 3.-The form of pipe represented in Fig. 3 is intended to still
further economise fuel, by having a vacant space throughout the entire pipe.
The water or steam is made to pass between the inner and outer pipes,
leaving the centre entirely empty, and as by this means a current of heated
air will be generated and constantly passing through the central aperture. It
may in some cases be advantageous to make vents or escapes in the outer
part, so as to cause the heat thus accumulated to pass out into the place
where they are fixed, and thus assist in warming the same. When so desired
I employ round pipes, as shewn in Figure 4, instead of the fluted pipes, for
this purpose; also square or octagon, or similarly shaped pipes, may be
employed. Various other ornamental forms may also be employed with
more or less advantage. I would therefore have it understood that I do
not confine myself to pipes of any particular shape or configuration, so long
as the principal of the Invention, namely, the economizing of fuel by the
reduction of the water way, be carried out. I also employ the fluted pipes
advantageously in the construction of "pipe boilers," they are to be set
horizontally in blocks, in the usual manner, allowing the flames to circulate
freely around them. In consequence of the large amount of surface which
these pipes will present to the action of the fire when thus employed an
unprecedented power will be attained.
When the pipes are to be employed for heating churches, mansions, or
other places possessing any distinctive style of ornamentation or architecture,
they may be made of such form as will best harmonise therewith, and thus,
whilst avoiding the unsightly stack of round pipes now employed for warming
such places, the piping may be made to contribute to the beauty of the
structure as well as of warming it.
In witness whereof; I, the said Edward Eley, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
WILLIAM GREEN.
(L.s.) EDWARD ELEY..