Improvements in Treating and Fixing Basio and Phenolic Colors for Printing.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1897
_ Complete Specification Left, 13th Jan., 1898--Accepted, 26th Mar., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Treating and Fixing Basio and Phenolic Colors
for Printing.
I, CHARLES EUGENE GASSMANN, of Mulhouse, Alsace, Germany, Ingenieur
Chemiste, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to a process for dissolving colours insoluble or little
soluble and printing these solutions the solvent being a phenol liquid, the cresols
the ethers phenolic liquid, the oils phenolic and neutral of wood tar, the amines
liquid such as aniline, the derivatives analogues and homologues, quinoline,
pyridine etcetera.
Also to the addition to the printing colour of an insoluble colouring matter
one of the solvents mentioned in the preceding paragraph.
Alsc to dissolving a phenolic colouring matter of the nature of alizarine in a
solvent appropriate such as those cited, or glycerine its. ethers, the acids ethyl-
tartaric and levulic, and to print these solutions with mordants by the preceding
process.
Also to the addition to the printing colour of colours of the nature of alizarine
insoluble or little soluble, one of the solvents mentioned in the preceding para-
graph.
I have found that colours little or not soluble in water fix easily when they
are dissolved in phenol, cresol, etherphenolic, creosote oils, or in amines, such as
aniline, its liquid derivatives, tar-quinoline, pyridine, and other like suitable
bodies, their homologues and liquid analogues and the stiffened solutions may be
printed on cotton with a mordant; this applies to the basic and phenolic colours;
or they may be fixed with equal facility on wool or silk.
For example to print on cotton I may use 125 parts of paste containing 20 per
cent of basic colour and 80 per cent phenol mixed with
125 parts of acetic acid
35 parts of tannin dissolved in
35 parts of acetic acid
65 parts of "stiffening"
Then print, steam, pass through "emetic," wash and soap.
If amines are employed as solvents one gives, after bath of emetic, a bath of
1 per cent of muriatic acid to remove any remaining amine.
For wool, or silk, print the following colour
5 parts to 125 parts of the paste as before

page_text: Print, steam, wash and soap. In this case one can also employ as solvent with
success glycerine, its ethers, acid ethyltartaric, acid levulic and alcohol-amylic.
Acid-benzol azo-salicylic and its homologues not having been fixed in tissues
except by this process it constitutes a sensible progress realized in the fixation of
phenolic colouring matters particularly as regards the colours of the nature of
alizarine.
One can equally add to the printing colours of an insoluble colouring matter
one of the above named solvents the effect is the same.
Dated the 13th day of April 1897
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Treating and Fixing Basic and Phenolic Colors
for Printing.
I, CHARLES EUGENE. GASSMANN, of Mulhouse, Alsace, Germany, Ingenieur
Chemiste, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention consists in treating basic and phenolic colours which are in-
soluble or little soluble in water in such manner that when printed on fabrics
and the fabrics are then steamed in the usual way the colours become fixed on the
fabric.
According to my invention I dissolve the colors in organic solvents which
are volatilizable with steam and I print with these solutions. The solvents may
be liquid phenols, cresols, or liquid phenolic ethers, the neutral and phenolic oils
of wood tar, the liquid amines such as aniline, and their analogous and homologous
derivatives quinoline, pyridine, et cetera.
The invention also includes the addition to a printing colour made from an
insoluble colouring matter of one or more of the solvents mentioned in the pre-
ceding paragraph.
Also the dissolving of a phenolic colouring matter of the nature of alizarine
in an appropriate solvent such as those above cited, and the printing of these
solutions with mordants.
Also the addition to a printing colour made from a colour of the nature of alizar-
ine which is insoluble or little soluble in water of one of the solvents herein before
mentioned.
I have found that colours which are little soluble or not soluble in water fix
easily when they are dissolved in phenol, cresol, phenolic ether, creosote oils, or

page_text: in amines such as aniline, its liquid derivatives, tar-quinoline, pyridine, and other
like suitable bodies, their homologues and liquid analogues and the solution when
stiffened or thickened may be printed on cotton with a mordant; this applies
both to the basic and phenolic colours; or they may be fixed with equal facility
on wool or silk, a mordant in this case not being required.
For example to print on cotton I may use 12'5 parts of paste containing 20 per
cent of basic colour for instance di-ethyl rhodamine and 80 per cent phenol mixed
with

page_text: and steaming the fabrics with these solutions in the usual manner, with or without
the use of mordants, the solvent being volatilised during the steaming operation.
Dated this 13th day of January 1898.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.