A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE EMULSION (A communication to me OF TWO SUBSTANCES OF DISSIMILAR SPECIFIC GRAVITY
Year: 1884

page_text: "
"
a Joint
I EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER of 33 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex
Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare the nature of said
invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE EMULSION
(A communication to me
OF TWO SUBSTANCES OF DISSIMILAR SPECIFIC GRAVITY
from abroad by "Burmeister and Wain's Maskin and Skibsbyggeri
Stock Company, incorporated, of Copenhagen Denmark) to be as follows:-
Heretofore for the emulsion of milk and fatty matter apparatus and machinery
bavo been used which have required a particular manipulation of the milk. The
present invention refers to the use of centrifugal power machines for the production
of the emulsion which is effected simultaneously with the gain of cream from the
milk and at the same time saving both time, power and capital and the emulsion is
more thorough than heretofore. The invention also refers to the emulsion of the
fatty matter alone in milk (skimmed or sweet) or cream without contemporaneous
gain of cream.
In the first named case namely by the simultaneous emulsion and gain of the
cream, the fatty matter in a fluid state is conducted into the centrifugal machine
either into skim milk when it is to be enriched with fatty matter or into cream or
into sweet milk before the cream emission or separation when it is in the cream
that the emulsion shall take place.
If the melted fat is conducted into the layer of skim milk or of cream, this may
be effected either by a stationary pipe or by a pipe which revolves with the
centrifugal chamber. In the latter case the fat delivery pipes are led from a small
fat reservoir which is arranged on the centrifugal spindle and rotating with same
out into the layer of skim milk or of cream into which the centrifugal force will
drive the melted fat out through the pipe. In the first of the two before named
cases the melted fat may drop or flow according to circumstances, through the fixed
pipe or pipes out into the layer of skim milk or of cream or it may be driven either
in fine jets out into the layer through the same tube or else it may be sucked into
the same layer of the liquid in it. In the last case the fat delivery pipe is situated in
such a manner that its delivery openings point more or less in the direction in which
the centrifugal reservoir rotates and so that they enter a little in the layer of skim

page_text: milk or of cream. The tubes therefore are made adjustable on the cover of the
centrifugal reservoir so that their delivery openings can be more or less bent. In
a centrifugal machine which is provided with a bent stationary pipe for the
skimming of the milk or cream the fat delivery or feed may be for example
arranged in connection with a bent skimming pipe having a nose or bent
mouthpiece the fat delivery pipe being bent in such a manner that its delivery
openings in the bent skimming pipe point forward in the direction in which the
fluid moves in the beat skimming pipe. By this means a sucking action is set up
in the fat delivery pipe which drives the fat from that into the bent skimming
pipe. The mouth of the pipe may be directly into the bent pipe and the before
named suction is produced in a casing shield or cover in the bent pipe which covers
the side of the delivery pipe's mouth which turns against the stream of the liquid.
The cover may however be dispensed with so that the fat may then be driven with
a sufficient pressure out into the bent pipe. When the fat delivery is produced by
pressure instead of by suction, the mode in which the fat delivery pipe opens into
the bent pipe may be varied in a high degree. With a centrifugal machine in which
a straight skimming pipe is used instead of the bent one so that it can be turned
during the skimming, the fat delivery pipe may open into a hole in a hollow ring.
in which the skimming pipe can turn freely, and from the hollow chamber small
holes are bored through the walls of the skimming pipe which is provided with a
bellinouth inlet and a ring or flange serving for a check or guide stop for the hollow
ring; and a conical casing for the same purpose as the one mentioned before is
provided. The casing may be left out in like manner under the above named
circumstances.
If the melted fat is to be conducted into the sweet milk in the centrifugal
machine, that can either take place in exactly the same manner as by letting into
the layer of skim milk or of cream, namely either through a stationary pipe by
suction or by pressure or through a pipe which revolves with the centrifugal
reservoir, or the milk and fat supply may also be combined in such a way that it
occurs by means of a common pipe opening inasmuch as the fat conducting pipe
merely requires to be led to the milk conducting pipe. In that case the fat
conduction or supply may also be worked either by pressure or suction from the
milk jet. The milk and the fat both pass through branch pipes the two liquid
streams combine in one pipe and are passed through one or more layers of wire
gauze in an expanding funnel shaped part, which has for its object to diminish the
resistance in which the liquid jets are subjected to by the wires.
By the emulsion alone of fatty matter in milk or cream without the simultaneous
parting of the cream the fat conduction takes place in any part of the centrifugal
reservoir or of the milk conduction pipe to same together and in whichever of the
before named processes The pipes or channels or partition walls provided for the
removing of the skim milk are then closed or may be omitted as not required.
To the foregoing it must be remarked as a general rule that of course besides by
suction or by pressure the fat conduction may be effected by a combination of
suction and pressure. Further it must be remarked that for the furtherance of the
emulsion with all the named processes and constructions, wire netting may be used,
or fine perforated capsules or walls and the like in any part of the channels, that
the melted fatty matter alone or mixture of it with milk or cream has to follow
through the centrifugal machine and the pipes belonging thereto so that the fatty
matter or mixture forces to pass between them.
4
-תנו.מ

page_text: LETE
I, EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER of 33 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlex
Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare the nature of said
Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE.
EMULSION OF TWO SUBSTANCES OF DISSIMILAR SPECIFIC GRAVITY" (A communi-
cation to me from abroad by "Burmeister and Wain's Maskin and Skibsbyggeri "
a joint Stock Company, Incorporated of Copenhagen, Denmark,) and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
The
Heretofore for the emulsion of milk and fatty matter apparatus and machinery
have been used which have required a particular manipulation of the milk.
present Invention refers to the use of centrifugal power machines for the production
of the emulsion which is effected simultaneously with the obtainment of the cream
from the milk, and at the same time saving both time, power and capital while the
emulsion is more thorough than heretofore. The Invention also refers to tho
emulsion of the fatty matter alone in milk (skimmed or sweet) or cream without
contemporaneous gain of cream.
In the first nained case namely by the simultaneous emulsion and gain of the
cream, the fatty matter in a fluid state is conducted into the centrifugal machine
either into skim milk when it is too enriched with fatty matter or into cream or
into sweet milk before the cream emission or separation when it is in the cream
that the emulsion shall take place.
If the melted fat is conducted into the layer of skim milk or of cream this may
be effected either by a stationary pipe or by a pipe which revolves with the
centrifugal chamber. In the latter case the fat delivery pipes are led from a small
fat reservoir which is arranged on the centrifugal spindle and rotating with same
out into the layer of skim milk or of cream into which the centrifugal force will
drive the melted fat out through the pipe. In the first of the two before named
cases the melted fat may drop or flow according to circumstances through the
fixed pipe or pipes out into the layer of skim milk or of cream or it may be driven
either in fine jets out into the layer through the same tube or else it may be
sucked into the same layer of the liquid in it. In the last case the fat delivery
pipe is situated in such a manner that its delivery openings point more or less in.
the direction in which the centrifugal reservoir rotates and so that they enter a
little in the layer of skim milk or of cream. The tubes therefore are made
adjustable in the cover of the centrifugal reservoir so that their delivery openings
can be made more or less bent.
And in order that this Invention may be more fully understood I shall now
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1
is a side view and Figures 2 and 3 plan views of emulsion apparatus different
somewhat in form. Figures 4, 5 and 6 are sectional views showing different forms
of emulsion apparatus.
In such centrifugal machines as are provided with a bent stationary pipe for the
skimming of the milk or cream the fat delivery or feed may for example as
illustrated by Figures 1, 2, 3 and 6 be arranged in connection with a bent
skimming pipe a having a nose beak or bent mouthpiece band the fat delivery
valve c, d represents the edge of the centrifugal reservoir and the arrows indicate

page_text: its direction of rotation. In Figures 1, 2 and 6, the fat delivery pipe c is bent in
such a manner that its delivery opening in the bent skimming pipe a points
forward in the direction in which the fluid moves in the bent skimming pipe. By
this means a sucking action is set up in the fat delivery pipe c which drives the
fat from that into the bent skimming pipe a The mouth of the pipe c may as
shown at Figure 3, be directly into the bent pipe a and the before named suction
is produced in a casing shield or cover g in the bent pipe a which shield covers the
side of the mouth of the delivery pipe c which turns against the stream of the
liquid. The cover g may however be dispensed with so that the fat may then be
driven with a sufficient pressure out into the bent pipe. When the fat delivery
is produced by pressure instead of by suction the mode in which the fat delivery
pipe opens into the bent pipe may be varied in a high degree.
With a centrifugal machine in which a straight skimming pipe a is used as
shown for instance in Figure 4 instead of the bent one so that it can be turned
during the skimming the fat delivery pipe c may open into a hole in a hollow
ring hin which the skimming pipe a can turn freely and from the hollow chamber h
small holes are bored through the walls of the skimming pipe which is provided
with a bell-mouth inlet b and a ring or flange j serving for a check or guide stop
for the hollow ring h and a conical casing g for the same purpose as the shield g
mentioned with reference to Figure 3 is provided.
The casing 9 may be left out in like manner under the above named
circumstances.
If the melted fat is to be conducted into the sweet milk in the centrifugal
machine that can either take place in exactly the same manner as by letting into
the layer of skim milk or of cream namely either through a stationary pipe by
suction or by pressure or through a pipe which revolves with the centrifugal
reservoir or the milk and fat supply may also be combined in such a way that it
occurs by means of a common pipe opening inasmuch as the fat conducting pipe
merely requires to be led to the milk conducting, pipe.
In that case the fat conduction or supply may also be worked either by pressure
or suction from the milk jet. Figure 5 illustrates such an arrangement of combined
milk and fat delivery pipe.
The milk and the fat both pass through branch pipes, a being the milk pipe
and the fat pipe, the two liquid streams combine in one pipe b and are passed
through one or more layers of wire gauze d in an expanding funnel shaped part,
which has for its object to diminish the resistance in which the liquid jets are
subjected to by the wires.
By the emulsion alone of fatty matter in milk or cream without the simultaneous
parting of the cream the fat conduction takes place in any part of the centrifugal
reservoir or of the milk conduction pipe to same together and in whichever of the
before named processes.
The pipes or channels or partition walls provided for the removing of the skim
milk are then closed or may be omitted as not required.
To the foregoing it must be remarked as a general rule that of course besides by
suction or by pressure the fat conduction may be effected by a combination of
suction and pressure. Further it must be remarked that for the furtherance of
the emulsion with all the named processes and constructions wire netting may be
used or fine perforated capsules or walls and the like in any part of the channels
that the melted fatty matter alone or mixture of it with milk or cream has to
follow through the centrifugal machine and the pipes belonging thereto so that the
fatty matter or mixture forces it to pass between them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim as the invention communicated to me is
First-
-The application of centrifugal power machines for the emulsion of two
bodies of different specific gravities as set forth.

page_text: Second-The application in centrifugal power machines of a stationary pipe
whereby liquid fat is led to the liquid in the centrifugal reservoir for the emulsion
of the fatty matter in the liquid, either alone or simultaneous with the obtainment
of cream.
Third-The application in centrifugal power machines of a pipe rotating with
the centrifugal reservoir and whereby liquid fat is led to the liquid in the said
reservoir, for the emulsion of the fatty matter in the liquid either alone or
simultaneous with the obtainment of cream.
Fourth-The application in centrifugal machines with skimming pipe of a pipe
which conveys liquid fat into the skimming pipe near its beak or edge for the
emulsion of the fatty matter in the liquid passing off through the skimming pipe.
Fifth-The constructions of emulsion and skimming appliances described with
reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 for the simultaneous skimming off of skim
milk from the centrifugal apparatus and the emulsion of the skim milk with fatty
matter.
Sixth-The constructions of emulsion and skimming appliances for centrifugal
apparatus shown on Figures 1, 2 and 6, consisting of the skimming pipe a and the
fat pipe c the latter terminating in the former near its beak.
Seventh-The construction of emulsion and skimming appliance shown in
Figure 3 consisting of the skimming pipe a and the fat pipo c with or without the
shield g that covers the outlet of the pipe c in the pipe a.
Eighth-The application in centrifugal power machines of a common supply
pipe for the milk and for liquid fatty matter for the emulsion of the latter either
in the milk or in the cream which is separated from the milk by the centrifugal
action.
Ninth The construction of appliance shown in Figure 4 consisting of the
rotatable skimming pipe a and the fat pipe c with the hollow ring h and with or
without the shield or casing 9.
Tenth The construction of appliance described with reference to Figure 5 for
the delivery into a centrifugul apparatus of a mixture of liquid fatty matter and
milk for the emulsion of the fatty matter in the milk or for commencing an
emulsion of melted fatty matter in milk which is to be separated by centrifugal
power directly before and while the milk flows into the centrifugal reservoir.
Eleventh The application solely for the emulsion of fatty matter in milk or
cream, of apparatus consisting of on ordinary centrifugal power machine in which
all the means for conveying away the skim milk are omitted and which is provided
with a stationary or rotating fat supply pipe.
Twelfth-The application or adaptation of centrifugal power machines for the
simultaneous obtainment of cream and emulsion of liquid fatty matter in the milk
or cream or in both.
Thirteenth-The application of wire netting, perforated sheets or the like in
any part of the conduits whereby the liquid fatty matter or a mixture of same with
milk or cream is caused to pass through a centrifugal apparatus and the piping
appertaining thereto in such manner that the fatty matter or the mixture is
compelled to pass through them for the emulsion of fatty matter in milk or cream.
Dated this 1st day of Tuna 100%