A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOSITION. FOR. THE PREVENTION OF FOULING OP SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER ARTICLES IN CONTINUOUS OR FREQUENT CONTACT WITH WATER
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Marshall, of Twenty-nine, Clyde Place,
in the City of Glasgow, Painter and Decorator, for the Invention of
"A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOSITION. FOR. THE PREVENTION OF FOULING OP
SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER ARTICLES IN CONTINUOUS OR FREQUENT CONTACT
WITH WATER."
Scaled the 13th May 1870, and dated the 17th November 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Marshall at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 17th November 1869.
I, THOMAS MARSHALL, of Twenty-nine, Clyde Place, in the City of
Glasgow, Painter and Decorator, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR THE PREVENTION
OF FOULING OF SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER ARTICLES IN CONTINUOUS OR FREQUENT
CONTACT WITH WATER," to be as follows:-
I mix together, applying a sufficient amount of heat and for such
length of time as is necessary to make tho materials fuse together so as

page_text: to form a liquid mass of uniform consistency, the articles and in the
proportions or as near as may be in the proportions following:-Equal
parts of Greek rosin and common rosin, say five pounds weight of cach;
linseed oil, twenty pounds; tallow, four pounds; patent cement, six
pounds; ground zinc, six pounds; sugar of lead, six pounds; litharge,
three pounds, and work the whole together; when cool, Japan gold
size, one imperial pint, requires to be added and mixed up. To these
may be added coloring matter, such as black, red, green, or yellow, in
such quantity as is necessary to produce any shade of color that may be
wished, a quarter of a pound being sufficient for the total quantity of
ingredients before specified to give either of these colors to the com-
position in a fair and ordinary depth of shade. The composition when
cool is about the consistency or thickness of rich cream or rather thicker,
and may be applied to ships' bottoms, floating landing stages, piers,
piles, buoys, and other articles both of wood and iron; it will dry in
about twenty-four hours to a sufficient firmness or hardness to enable
the ship or article to which it is applied to be used in the water with
the effect after mentioned, and will render ships or other articles to
which it is applied. much less liable to foul when in contact with water-
than any other known composition. The composition is put on in the
same way as paint, and like it should be stirred up in the pot or tub
containing it before being applied..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters. Patent,.
filed by the said Thomas Marshall in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 16th May 1870.
TO ALL TO. WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
MARSHALL, of 29, Clyde Place, in the City of Glasgow, Painter and
Decorator, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Marshall, Her special licence
that I, the said Thomas Marshall, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as "I, the said Thomas Marshall, my executors,

page_text: administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR
IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR THE PREVENTION OF FOULING OF SHIPS' BOTTONS AND
OTHER ARTICLES IN CONTINUOUS OR FREQUENT CONTACT WITH WATER," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Marshall, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Marshall, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
bc performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
I mix together, applying a sufficient amount of heat, and for such
length of time as is necessary to make the materials fuse together
so as to form a liquid mass of uniform consistency, the articles and
in the proportions or as near as may be in the proportions following:-
Equal parts of Greck rosin and common rosin, say five pounds weight
of cach broken up into small pieces; linseed oil, twenty pounds;
tallow, four pounds; patent cement, six pounds; ground zinc,
ground in oil, six pounds; sugar of lead ground in oil, six
pounds; litharge ground in oil, three pounds, and work the wholo
together; when cool Japan gold size, one imperial pint, requires to
be added and mixed up. There may be added whilst the mixture is
hot and before the Japan gold size has been put in coloring matter in
such quantity as is necessary to produce a black, red, green, yellow, or
other shade of color that may be wished, a quarter of a pound being
generally sufficient for the quantity of ingredients before specified to
give cither of the colors mentioned to the composition in a fair and
ordinary depth of shade. The coloring matters may be those in ordinary
use in the painting trade, such as lamp black for a black shade, Vene-
tian red or red lead for a red shade, Brunswick green for a green shade,
and stone ochre for a yellow shade, each colouring matter being ground

page_text: or mixed in oil before being added. The composition when cool is about
the consistency or thickness of rich cream or rather thicker, and may
be applied to ships' bottoms, floating landing stages, piers, piles, buoys,
and other articles both of wood and iron; it will dry in twenty-four
hours to a sufficient firmness or hardness to enable the ship or article
to which it is applied to be used in the water with the effect after men-
tioned, that is to say, such composition will render ships' bottoms or
other articles to which it is applied much less liable to foul when in
contact with water than any other known composition. The composition
is put on in the same way as paint, and like it should be stirred up in
the pot or tub containing it before being applied.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and means
which I adopt in carrying the same into effect, I would have it under-
stood that what I claim is, a composition formed of the ingredients
and adapted to be used for the purposes substantially as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Marshall, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred & seventy.