IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING, WRINGING, AND MANGLING MACHINES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Harvey, of Mill Street, Preston, in
the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WASHING, WRINGING, AND MANGLING MACHINES."
Sealed the 3rd June 1873, and dated the 10th December 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Harvey at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th December 1872.
I, CHARLES HARVEY, of 47, Mill Street, Preston, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING, WRINGING, AND MANGLING MACHINES," to be as
follows:-
First. The receptacle for the water in these machines is a round tub
or cooler of wood or other suitable material. This tub is made to revolve
upon an upright shaft made fast at the end to the centre of the bottom

page_text: of the tub, working in suitable bearings, and is put in motion by a roller
acting upon the bottom of one or both sides of the tub and keyed to a
shaft, which when set in motion turns the tub round. This shaft works
on pedestals attached to suitable framework under the tub, and is put
in motion by two or more cog wheels, one above the other, held in
framework up the side of the tub with the centre of the bottom one
keyed to the shaft, and the centre of the top one keyed to a small pin
set in the side of the framework, to which a handle or pulleys is
attached, by which the wheel, shaft, driving roller, and tub are set in
motion. There is a loose plain wheel acting on the bottom of the other 1
side of the tub to keep the tub level. The wheels are of sufficient
diameter to make the handle of a convenient height for working or
driving the machinery.
Second. In the inside of the tub are three rollers, one above the
other, and held together at one end of an iron framework, consisting of
two arms with eyes at the other end, and fastened in a jointed form
to a round iron bar fixed to framework outside the tub. These rollers
are fixed in the tub so as to stand exactly over the driving roller at the
bottom of the tub.
. In very large machines I use two driving rollers, two handles or
pulleys, and two sets of rollers inside the tub. These rollers inside the
tub are set in motion when the tub is turned, and the iron arms being
held at one end in a joint form, the rollers can rise to any suitable
height, according to the thickness of the cloth placed under them by
the motion of the tub. The rollers are lifted off the bottom of the tub
by means of a hand screw passing through an iron plate made fast to
each arm,
and screwed into another iron plate, which is a fixture under
the arms. The rollers are held down for the washing purpose by a wire
or india-rubber spring and lever attached to the iron arm or arms. The
bottom roller, which can be either plain or fluted, is the only one used
for washing purposes.
The middle and top rollers are exclusively for wringing and mangling,
which are effected in the following manner :-The axletree of the top
roller moves in round holes in the iron framework, and so far is a
fixture, while the axletree of the middle and bottom rollers work in
oval slots: The bottom roller being moved by the tub moves the middle
roller, and the middle. roller moves the top roller, and the axletree of

page_text: the middle roller works in a slot that will admit of the clothes passing
through between the top and middle roller for the purpose of being
wrung and mangled.
To assist the driving roller at the bottom of the tub when wringing
or mangling I have a cog wheel attached to the outside end of the
axletree of the top roller, the axletree projecting beyond the iron
framework for that purpose. This wheel can be moved and keyed on
the end of the axletree and made to fit into a small wheel keyed to
the end of a small pin (working in the side framework), to which the
handle can be moved. In the middle of this small pin is also a small
cog wheel, which can be put in and out of gear and made to work on
the top of the large wheel, which moves the driving roller at the bottom
of the tub. The handle or pulley moved by this small pin and wheel
gives more power, and causes the tub to travel slowly during the
wringing and mangling process. To procure the pressure required for
the wringing and mangling process I use a beam made of wood passing
over the centre of the roller, and made fast at the ends to the outside
framework. In this beam directly over the centre of the roller is a
screw to the end of which is attached a steel spring or any other suitable
material, which is brought to bear with any amount of pressure upon
an iron or suitable plate passing over the top of the roller and attached
to the iron framework which carries the roller, thus pressing the top
roller on to the middle one, which is resisted by the driving roller under
the tub and the bottom rollers in the tub.
During the washing process the spring is turned across the iron plate
to allow the rollers to have free action. in rising and falling from and to
the bottom of the tub.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Charles Harvey in the Great Seal Patent Office, on
the 7th June 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
HARVEY, of Mill Street, Preston, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-sixth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Charles Harvey, Her special licence that I, the
said Charles Harvey, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Charles Harvey, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING, WRINGING, AND
MANGLING MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Charles Harvey, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Harvey, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
upon
The improvements consist in making washing, wringing, and mangling
machines with a tub made to revolve horizontally; also in so making
and fixing the washing and wringing rollers that they may rise and fall
the clothes during the revolution of the tub; sometimes making
the tub stationery with a revolving false bottom working therein;
sometimes using the machine without wringing rollers; and sometimes
during the wringing process allowing the tub in some cases to remain
stationary.
The improvements may be performed as follows:-The receptacles for
the water in these machines may be a round tub, of cooler or suitable
shape, made of wood or of any other suitable material. This tub is made
to revolve upon an upright shaft, made fast at the end to the centre of
the bottom of the tub, working in suitable bearings, and put in motion

page_text: by a roller made of wood or other suitable material acting upon the
bottom of one or both sides of the tub, and keyed to a shaft, which
when set in motion turns the tub round. This shaft works on pedestals
attached to suitable framework under the tub, and is put in motion by
suitable gearing wheels, one above the other, held in framework at the
side of the tub with the centre of the bottom one keyed to the shaft,
and the centre of the top one keyed to a small pin set in the side of
framework, to which a handle or pulley is attached, by means of which
the wheels, shaft, driving roller, and tub may be set in motion. There
is a loose supporting wheel acting on the bottom of the other side of
the tub to keep the tub level. The wheels are of sufficient diameter to
make the handle of a convenient height for working or driving the
machinery.
In the inside of the tub three or more rollers are placed one above the
other, made of wood or of any other suitable material, and held together
at one end of an iron framework, consisting of two arms having eyes at
the other end and fastened in a jointed form to a round iron bar fixed
to framework outside the tub. These rollers are fixed in the tub so as
to stand exactly over the driving roller at the bottom of the tub.
In very large machinery I propose using two driving rollers, two
handles or pulleys, and two sets of rollers inside the tub. These rollers
inside the tub are set in motion when the tub is turned, and the iron
arms being held at one end in a joint form, the rollers can rise to any
suitable height, according to the thickness of the clothes passing under
them by the motion of the tub. The rollers can be lifted off the bottom
of the tub by means of a hand screw passing through an iron plate,
made fast to cach arm, and screwed into another iron plate, which is
a fixture under the arms. The rollers are held down for washing
purposes by a spring or weight and lever attached to the iron arm or
arms. The bottom roller, which can be either plain or fluted, is the only
one used for the washing purposes.
The middle and top rollers are exclusively for wringing and mangling,
which is effected in the following manner:-The axletree of the top
roller moves in round holes in the iron framework, and so far is a
fixture, while the axletree of the middle and bottom rollers work in
oval slots, thus the bottom roller being moved by the tub moves the
middle roller, and the middle roller moves the top roller, and as the

page_text: axletree of the middle roller works in a slot that will admit of the
clothes passing through between the top and middle rollers for the
purpose of wringing and mangling.
To assist the driving roller at the bottom of the tub when wringing
or mangling I have suitable gearing attached to the outside end of the
axletree of the top roller, the axletrec projecting beyond the iron
framework for that purpose.
This wheel can be moved and keyed on
the end of the axletree and made to fit into a small wheel keyed to the
end of a small pin working in the side framework. In the middle of
this small pin is also a small cog wheel, which can be put in and out of
gear and made to work in the top large wheel, which moves the driving
roller at the bottom of the tub. The handle or pully moving this small
pin and wheel gives more power to the motion and causes the tub to
travel slowly during the wringing and mangling process. To procure
the pressure required for the wringing and mangling process a beam
made of wood or any other suitable material is fixed over the centre of
the rollers and made fast at the ends to the outside framework. In
this beam directly over the centre of the rollers is a screw, to the end
of which is attached a spring, which is brought to bear with any amount
of pressure desired upon an iron plate passing over the top of the rollers
and attached to the iron framework which carries the rollers, thus
pressing the top roller on the middle one, which meets resistance by the
driving roller under the tub and the bottom roller in the tub.
During the washing process the spring is turned across the iron plate
to allow the rollers to have free action for rising and falling in the
bottom of the tub.
The accompanying Drawings will serve to illustrate a convenient mode
of performing the Invention.
Figure 1 shows a machine without wringing and mangling rollers,
A being a tub which may be of any convenient shape and material;
B; driving wheels preferably of metal; C, roller in tub; D, frame sup-
porting roller C; E, spring serving to press down roller C; F, lever
attached to spring E and frame D; G, friction driving roller; H, screw
for raising roller C.
Figure 2 shows a machine with wringing and mangling rollers
attached. A heine the tub. R roller in tuh. A
squeezing volless

page_text: D, loose roller to support tub; E, vertical shaft on which tub revolves;
F, driving wheels; G, gearing; H, friction driving. roller; K, pressure
beam; L, spring; M, pressure plate; N, chain attached to plate M
and spring L for the purpose of raising the rollers C.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Harvey, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-three.
Witness,
-
JOHN GIFFORD,
127, Brackenbury Street,
Preston.
CHARLES HARVEY. (L.s.)