Improvements in Solidifying Animal, Vegetable, and Mineral Oils, and Volatile and Inflammable Fluids.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Jan., 1892-Accepted, 14th Jan., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Solidifying Animal, Vegetable, and Mineral Oils,
and Volatile and Inflammable Fluids.
We, WILLIAM SNELL CHENHALL, of Tenby Villa, Stapleton Road, Eastville,
Bristol, Gloucestershire, Mining Engineer and Analyst and WILLIAM FRANCIS
SNELL CHENHALL of the same address, Stock Brokers Clerk, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to an improved process for solidifying animal,
vegetable and mineral oils and volatile and inflammable fluids, for the purpose of
producing solid or pasty fuels and illuminants. A further advantage is that the oil
or fluid so solidified is rendered more easily transportable than when in a liquid
state.
The expression "oil or fluid" is to be used as referring to the animal, vegetable
and mineral oils and volatile and inflammable fluids above mentioned.
By the word "solidification" is meant a process or method of converting the oil
er fluid into a solid. This word "solid" is used in its ordinary sense. The product
of this invention is, however, capable of being made of various degrees of hardness
or firmness: it may be turned out in the condition of dough or as a solid. It is at
an intermediate stage of the process of solidification that the oil or fluid is in a pasty
condition, so that it can be then moulded into any shape according to or as required
by the ultimate purpose which it is desired to serve.
In carrying the present invention into effect, an alkali and a resin, respectively of
the kinds and in the proportions hereinafter specified, are added to the oil or fluid,
and heated by any convenient means.
The alkali which gives the best results is soda, and with reference thereto, this
invention is not confined strictly to the use of one form of it, but any oxide, hydrate
or carbonate may be used, and these may be hydrated or otherwise. The com-
mercial names of the said forms of soda are caustic soda, or soda ash, soda crystals,
bicarbonate of soda and carbonate of soda, hydrated or anhydrous.
With reference to the resin, the form which it is preferable to use is the ordinary
colophony of commerce.
The soda and resin are added to the said oil or fluid, and the three stirred
together. The following are the respective proportions, but they may be varied
without departing from the invention."

page_text: oil, oil made from petroleum, coal, schist, shale peat or other bituminous
substance.
3
Soon after the addition of the alkali and the resin to the said oil or liquid, the
former will dissolve, and the whole is then placed over a fiercer heat, when the three
begin to thicken. The thickening continues, and when the said oil or liquid is of
the consistence of dough, it is ready for being pressed into its final form, although
in the unmoulded condition it is ready for use as a fuel or an illuminant, or to be
packed for transport.
The result of this process (i.e., solidified oil or fluid) is an oil or fluid in a pasty or
solid condition, dependent in respect of hardness more or less upon the materials
used and their proportions. In any case it does not either liquefy, or melt and run
whilst it is burning.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, it is declared that what
is claimed is
. 1. The herein before described material, designated solidified oil or fluid, consisting
of an oil or fluid, alkali and resin, combined and consolidated by heating, with or
without subsequent pressure, substantially as described.
2. The hereinbefore described solidified oil or fluid moulded into blocks of
convenient shape and size for use as a fuel, and characterised by its capability of
being burnt without liquefaction of the mass.
3. The hereinbefore described process for solidifying oil or fluid as set forth.
noted this 10th day of Januaw 1000
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
22, Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.