Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 13th July, 1887
Complete Accepted, 13th Oct., 1887
I, WILLIAM HENRY BECK, of 115 Cannon Street, in the City of London, Consulting
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates partly to double acting bellows with a single body intended
to supercede the bellows with two cylinders heretofore employed. These improved
double acting bellows may be applied to fixed or portable forges. Their chief
advantages as compared with ordinary double bellows are that their cost is less, they
occupy less space, and possess greater stability with as great regularity in the pressure
of wind.
Figure 1 of the drawings hereto annexed is a vertical section of double bellows
constructed in accordance with this invention and Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
The body c of the apparatus may be cylindrical but preferably of oblong section
with the four corners well rounded, whereby the largest possible base is obtained while
it is neat and occupies less space than bodies of cylindrical form.
The body e is divided by a partition c¹into two equal or unequal compartments a
and in juxtaposition in which are placed the bellows s s'. The first bellows s are
operated by means of the lever a, and the second s¹ form a regulator for the pressure
of the wind.
The air is drawn in by the bellows s through the valves d and e alternately and is

page_text: J.
forced into the pressure reservoir b through the valves f and
pipe and the spiral spring placed in the regulating bellows s¹.
i is the air delivery
A safety valve (Figure 3) is applied to the reservoir b, this safety valve is formed
of a membrane which prevents the escape of air outwards under normal conditions
but is of such a relative strength that if an explosion is occasioned in the reservoir b
by the introduction of gas thereto this membrane is torn by the force of the explosion
and allows the gases to escape to the outside and thus prevents injury to the apparatus.
This valve can be put in place or removed without interfering with the bellows, and it
may be fitted with a counter weight or a spring.
This kind of safety valve is more certain in its action than the usual safety valve
which generally becomes incrusted with dirt after a short time and ceases to he
operative although the bellows continue to work.
The valve g through which the wind passes from the compartment a into the com-
partment is placed on the partition c¹ of the two chambers, the effect of which
arrangement is to avoid connecting pipes and to bring the wind by the shortest route
and with the least friction.
e,
The suction valve which in the apparatus heretofore in use is generally fixed, is
in this case independent and moveable. It is placed under the bellows plate and
is secured externally thereto so that it can be easily and quickly dismounted or
changed.
The drawing and forcing bellows s may be fixed to the upper plate as shown in
Figure 3 which necessitates the modifications in the positions of some of the other
parts as shown.
The invention also relates to the arrangement of the hearth F over the above
described double action bellows whether these bellows be of cylindrical, oblong, square
or other form. This arrangement of the hearth is equally applicable to all other kinds
of bellows whether single or double acting, and places the rod of the bellows s in a
suitable position for attachment to the lever a.
The tuyere t is central winded (à vent central) with internal swan neck an arrange-
ment which prevents the falling of small coal and dust from the forge into the air
reservoir b. The nozzle or end of the tuyere is bent down and serves for cleaning
out, it opens below the bottom of the hearth, so that the same tuyere may be adapted
to forges of different sizes. The air pipe of the tuyere and the air outlet are
connected by a tube of india-rubber or other flexible and impermeable material.
The hearth F may be arranged to cover the bellows completely whereby the forge
is made to occupy the smallest possible space. This arrangement necessitates the
lever being arranged to turn with its carriage and being connected by a chain to a
second lever which operates the bellows s. The connection of the second lever to the
rod of the bellows s is effected by the aid of a small link which turns freely on the
rod of the said bellows; these levers may be counter weighted. Beyond its centre
of oscillation the second lever abovementioned may be prolonged into a handle which
may be used to assist the turning movements of the lever a.
A lengthening piece may be hooked on to either of the sides of the hearth F to
carry the forge tools.
The pillars supporting the hearth F may be hinged to body of the bellows and
keyed to the hearth F by suitable keys; they may also be furnished with cross stays
and adapted to be dismounted in a few minutes so as to reduce the bulk for transport
or packing.
The tuyere may have a side nozzle as well as a central one either of which may be
connected to the wind outlet i by a suitable pipe according as the wind is desired to
play in one or the other direction.
A sight hole y is made in the compartment b for cleaning it out or for repairing the
valves.
The second bellows lever may be mounted on a fixed point on one of the pillars
supporting the hearth or at some other suitable place.
A box may be fitted to one of the sides of the hearth to receive coal dust, scale, and
so forth.

page_text: The second bellows-lever may be arranged as a lever of the second order taking its
bearing on a fixed arc of a circle and connected by a rod to the lever a so as to obey
and follow the movements of the latter in its vertical oscillations as well as in its
movements to the right and left.
The wind pipe for conducting the wind from the regulating compartment 6 to the
tuyere may be arranged below and at the back in order to leave absolutely free the
space between the bottom of the hearth and the top of the bellows.
A moveable hood may be carried on the pillar supporting the lever a by means of
a sleeve or other suitable device so as to be adjustable at various heights thereon.
Dated this 13th day of October 1886.
W. H. BECK,
115, Cannon Street, London,
Applicant.

page_text: I, WILLIAM HENRY BECK, of 115 Cannon Street, in the City of London,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement reference being had to the accompanying
six sheets of Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon that is
to say :-
This invention relates more especially to improvements in portable forges, but
they are more or less applicable to fixed forges. One of the said improvements
consists of double acting bellows with a single body intended to supercede the
hellows with two cylinders heretofore employed. These improved double acting
bellows with a single body, may be applied to fixed, or portable forges. Their chief
advantages as compared with ordinary double bellows are that, their cost is less, they
occupy less space and possess greater stability with as great regularity in the pressure
of wind.
Figure 1 of the Drawings hereto annexed is a vertical section of double bellows
constructed in accordance with this part of the invention, and Figure 2 is a horizontal
section of same.
The body c of the apparatus may be cylindrical but preferably of oblong section
with the four corners well rounded, whereby the largest possible base is obtained,
while it is neat and occupies less space than bodies of cylindrical form.
The body c is divided by a partition c¹ into two equal or unequal compartments a
and bin juxtaposition in which are placed the bellows ss. The first bellows s are
operated by means of the lever x, and the second s¹ form a regulator for the pressure
of the wind.
The air is drawn in by the bellows s through the valves d and e alternately and is
forced into the pressure reservoir b alternately, through the valves and g. i is the
outlet pipe for delivery of air to the hearth, and is a spiral spring placed in the
regulating bellows s¹ and made of a strength dependent upon the pressure of air blast
required.
safety valve his applied to the reservoir b, this safety valve is formed of a
membrane, which prevents the escape of air outwards under normal conditions, but
is of such a relative strength that, if an explosion takes place in the reservoir 6 by the
introduction of gas thereto, this membrane is torn by the force of the explosion and
allows the gases to escape to the outside and thus prevents injury to the apparatus.
This valve can be put in place or removed without interfering with the bellows, and
may be fitted with a counterweight or a spring h² as shown in Figure 1*.
This kind of safety valve is more certain in its action than the usual safety valve
which generally becomes incrusted with dirt after a short time and ceases to be
operative although the bellows continue to work.

page_text: The valve through which the wind passes from the compartment a into the
compartment is placed on the partition c¹ of the two chambers, the effect of which
arrangement is to avoid connecting pipes and to bring the wind by the shortest route
and with the least friction.
The suction valve e which in the apparatus heretofore in use is generally fixed is in
this case independent and moveable. It is placed under the bellows plate and is
secured externally thereto so that it can be easily and quickly dismounted or
changed.
The drawing and forcing bellows s may be fixed to the upper plate as shown in
Figure 3 which necessitates the modifications in the positions of some of the other
parts as shown.
Another improvement consists in the arrangement of the hearth F (as shown in
Figure 4) over the above described double action bellows with a single body having
two chambers placed side by side as illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3, whether these
bellows be of cylindrical, oblong, square, or other form. This arrangement of the
hearth is equally applicable to all other kinds of bellows whether single or double
acting, and brings the rod of the bellows s in a suitable position for attachment to the
lever x.
According to another improvement, the Luyere t (Figure 4) is made with a central
nozzle (à vent central) with internal swan neck an arrangement which prevents the
falling of small coal and dust from the forge into the air reservoir b. The nozzle or
end of the tuyere is bent down and serves for cleaning out; it opens below the
bottom of the hearth, so that the same tuyere may be adapted to forges of different
sizes. The air pipe ¹ of the tuyere and the air outlet i from the reservoir b are
connected by a tube 3 of indiarubber or other flexible and impermeable material.
S
According to another improvement illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 the hearth F may
be arranged to cover the bellows completely whereby the forge is made to occupy the
smallest possible space. This arrangement necessitates the lever being arranged to
turn horizontally with its fulcrum ¹, and being connected by a chain to a second
lever which operates the bellows s. The connection of the second lever to the rod
of the bellows is effected by the aid of a small links which turns freely on the rod
of the said bellows. If preferred, the levers 7 and a may be arranged so as not to
turn horizontally. A counter-weight p acts in opposition to the pull of the lever .r;
it is hooked to the end of the lever or into one of the holes made in the said end.
This application of the counterweight outside the bellows helps to make the forges
lighter and facilitates their removal from place to place. Being only hooked on, this
counterweight can be removed or hung at different points. If preferred the counter-
weight may be adapted to slide on the lever to regulate its action. Beyond its
centre of oscillation the lever may be prolonged into a handle l which may be used
to resist, if required, the turning movements of the lever a.
Another improvement relates to the application of a lengthening piece which
may be hooked on to either of the sides of the hearth F to carry the forge tools as
shown in Figure 5.
Another improvement is shown in Figure 7; in this case the lever for actuating the
bellows is mounted on the turning support and the air outlet i from the reservoir
is formed at the side of the case c whether the tuyere has a side or central nozzle.
In the arrangements shown in Figures 4 and 5 the hearth F rests on pillars or
standards which do not allow of varying the height or of taking to pieces quickly.
In Figure 7 is shown an arrangement in which the pillars m supporting the hearth F
are hinged at m¹ to body of the bellows and keyed to the hearth F by suitable
keys m²; they may also be furnished with cross stays and adapted to be dismounted
in a few minutes so as to reduce the bulk for transport or packing.
As shown in Figure 8 the tuyere may have a side nozzle v as well as a central
one v connected to the wind outlet i by one or other of the pipes u or u' according as
the wind is desired to play in one or the other direction.
A sight or hand hole (Figures 4, 5, 6, 7) the cover of which is secured by
screws or otherwise, is made in the external casing of the air reservoir or in its

page_text: under plate in order to give direct access to the interior without dismounting the
bellows, for the purposes of cleaning or repairing the air reservoir or the valves.
The bellows-lever (Figures 9, 10 and 11) which operates the rod of the bellows s
may be mounted on a fixed point on one of the pillars m supporting the hearth or
at some other suitable place. The lever is made in two parts jointed together
at 12 in order to allow of a direct connection with the swivelling levere. In Figure 11
is shown an arrangement in which the carriage. turns directly on its axis in the
hollow iron support on which it is fitted.
A box w (Figure 11) may be fitted to one of the sides of the hearth to receive coal
dust, scale, and so forth. The bellows-lever may be arranged as a lever of the
second order, acting directly on the bellows, and taking its bearing on a fixed are of
a circle n (Figures 12 and 13) and connected by a rod to the lever a, so as to obey
and follow the movements of the latter in its vertical oscillations as well as in its
movements to the right and left.
The wind pipe for conducting the wind from the regulating compartment & to the
tuyere may be arranged below and at the back of the said compartment b as shown
in Figure 14. This pipe o issues from the under side of the compartment and passes
up vertically at the back where it is connected to the tuyere. This arrangement leaves
the space between the bottom of the hearth and the top of the bellows absolutely free
and facilitates the fitting of the tuyere.
A moveable hood H (Figures 15, 16 and 17) may be carried on the pillar j
supporting the lever a by means of a sleeve k, so as to be adjustable at various heights
thereon.
The improvements above described relate more particularly to the double action
bellows with a single body divided into two compartments in juxtaposition, but they
are also partly applicable to forges with two bodies of other known construction.
Similar letters of reference relate to like parts in all the figures of the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
First The double acting bellows, with a single body divided by a partition el into
two equal or unequal compartments a and b in juxtaposition, containing the blowing
bellows S, and the regulating bellows ¹, in combination with the suction valves d
and delivery valves, constructed and arranged as hereinbefore described, and
illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Second-In forge bellows, the use of the safety valve h, composed of a membrane h¹,
with or without a spring ², or a counterweight, as hereinbefore described, and
illustrated in Figures 1, 1, 2, and 3 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
e,
Third In double acting bellows of the kind forming the subject of the first claim
clause hereof, the use of the delivery valve y, in the partition c¹, for effecting
communication between the two compartments a and b, without connecting piping, as
hereinbefore described, and illustrated in the Drawings hereto annexed.
Fourth In forge bellows, the use of the suction valve e, arranged so as to be
fixed in place from the outside, as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in
Figure 1 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Fifth The arrangement of the hearth F, placed over and wholly or partly covering
the bellows, as herein before described, and illustrated in Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 of the
drawings hereto annexed.
Sixth The tuyere with a central nozzle, and internal swan neck, constructed and
arranged as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in Figure 4 of the Drawings
hereto annexed.
Seventh-In forges with hearths wholly covering the bellows, the combination of the
levers and, with swivelling supports or fulcra, and counterweights p, as herein-
before described, and illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Eighth The use of the lengthening piece z, hooked to either of the sides of the
hearth, as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in the Drawings hereto annexed, and
for the purpose set forth.

page_text: Ninth The arrangement of forge, with the hearth F covering the bellows or not,
and having the lever 1, carried on a swivelling fulcrum q, and the lateral air outlet i, as
hereinbefore described, and illustrated in the Drawings hereto annexed.
Tenth The tuyere with a central nozzle e, and a side nozzle ¹, with connecting
pipes u, u, either of which pipes may be connected at pleasure with the air outlet i, as
hereinbefore described, and illustrated in Figure 8 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Eleventh The use of the sight or hand hole with its cover y, for the purpose of
enabling the air reservoir to be cleaned out, and the same, or the valves to be repaired,
as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in Figures 4 to 7, of the Drawings hereto
annexed.
Twelfth The lever of the bellows s, arranged to oscillate on a fulcrum fixed to
one of the pillars or standards me of the hearth, or to other suitable point of support as
hereinbefore described, and illustrated in Figures 9, 10 and 11 of the Drawings
hereto annexed.
Thirteenth The arrangement of the fulcrum of the lever, as a prolongation of,
and to swivel on the hollow iron support or pillar ², as hereinbefore described, and
illustrated in Figure 11 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Fourteenth The use of the box 10, on one of the sides of the hearth, as herein-
before described, and illustrated in Figure 11 of the Drawings hereto annexed, and
for the purpose set forth.
Fifteenth The lever of the bellows s, arranged and applied as hereinbeforė
described, and illustrated in Figures 12 and 13 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Sixteenth The arrangement of the air pipes below the bellows, as hereinbefore
described, and illustrated in Figure 14 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Seventeenth-The moveable hood H, adjustable on a pillar or support connected
with a fixed or portable forge, as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in
Figures 15, 16, and 17 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
ΤΗ 11
ليدي
1
T
1035