IMPROVEMENTS IN DRUMS, KEGS, CASKS, AND LIKE PACKAGES, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EXBLOVED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Cope, of Liverpool, in the County of Lan-
caster, Oil Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRUMS,
KEGS, CASKS, AND LIKE PACKAGES, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
EXBLOVED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME."
Sealed the 2nd April 1861, and dated the 8th October 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Cope at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
October 1860.
I, DAVID COPE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Oil Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
DRUMS, KEGS, CASKS, AND LIKE PACKAGES, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME," to be as follows:-
My improvements relate more particularly to the construction of that class
of drums, kegs, casks, and like packages having metal chimbs and ends, such
as are generally used for containing liquids and semi-liquids, say turpentine,
oils, and paints. Over the edges of the ends, which are bent to a right angle,
I place a hoop formed into the shape of an U; this hoop rests against the
drum, keg, or casks framing, staves, or sides, and is soldered by dipping or
otherwise in the usual manner. Another construction dispenses with the
U-shaped hoop, and forms the ends of the framing staves or sides so that the
inverted edges of the ends can fit close and be soldered, as before-mentioned.
The machine which I employ for inverting the edges of the ends forming.
the hoop and giving the desired curve or circle, consists of a framing support-

page_text: ing two horizontal rollers of suitable shape, to be worked by hand or other
power. Between the ends of the rollers the periphery of a shaping piece of
the size and shape desired is placed. The curve or circle of the hoop is given
by moving the guide nearer to or further from the rollers by a set screw.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said David Cope in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th
April 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DAVID
COPE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Oil Merchant, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said David Cope, Her special licence that I, the said David Cope, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said David Cope,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRUMS, KEGS,
CASKS, AND LIKE PACKAGES, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said David Cope, my executors or administrators by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said David Cope, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say) :-
-
My improvements relate more particularly to the construction of that class
of drums, kegs, casks, and like packages, having metal chimbs and ends, such
as are generally used for containing liquids and semi-liquids, say turpentine, oils,

page_text: and paints. Over the edges of both ends, which are bent to a right angle, and
over the chimbs or ends of the framing sides or staves I place a hoop formed
in the shape of an U, and solder the parts together by dipping or otherwise, in
the usual manner.
In another construction I dispense with the U-shaped hoop or binder, and
form the chimbs or ends of the framing staves or sides into sockets turned
inwards, so that the inverted edges of the ends after being passed into the same
can be soldered, as above mentioned.
The machine which I employ for inverting the edges of the ends forming
the hoop or binder, and giving the desired angle, curve, or circle to any
required part, consists of a framing supporting two horizontal rollers of suit-
able shape, to be worked by hand or other power. Between the rollers just
named and at one end (as here the surfaces do not bear against each other),
the periphery of a "shaping piece" of suitable size is placed, and this shaping
piece by being circular and free on its axis will revolve with any material
being passed or carried through between the rollers, and impart or give form
or shape thereto. The curve or circle of the material carried through or
between the rollers is given by a guide, which can be moved nearer to or
further from the said rollers by a set screw.
That my Invention may be more readily understood, I have hereunto
annexed two Sheets of Drawings of my improvements, and thereon I have
used the same letters of reference to indicate the same parts.
In Sheet No. 1, Fig. 1 represents a sectional elevation of a metal drum
or keg, with the ends and chimbs fastened or strengthened with the metal
hoop or binder, all the parts being made of the material usually employed;
Fig. 2, an end view of the same; Fig. 3, a sectional elevation of a similar
metal drum or keg, with the chimbs or ends turned inwards and upwards, and
forming sockets for the inverted circumferences of the ends to fit into.
In Sheet No. 2, Fig. 4 represents an end elevation, and Fig. 5 a side eleva-
tion of the machine or apparatus used for forming or shaping certain parts of
the vessels named in the title, which machine may be used for shaping sheet
metals generally.
a, Figs. 1 and 2, shews the sides or framing; b, the ends with the edges bent
or inverted at c; d, the binder or hoop; e, Fig. 3, the framing or sides, with
the ends or chimbs formed into sockets at f; g, the ends, also bent or inverted
at their circumferences h; i, Figs. 4 and 5, shews the framing; j, the rollers
of suitable form, as at k; 1, toothed wheels for gearing the rollers and commu-
nicating the power applied by hand or otherwise at m; n, set screws to obtain
the desired pressure from and distance between the rollers; o, a circular

page_text: shaping piece or pulley free to revolve on its axis, which latter consists of a
well fitted and screwed stud and nut, capable of being moved to take a greater
or less width of material, and nearer to or further from the guide piece p; q
the guide with friction rollers r, for giving the exact curve or circle to the sheet
metal or other material as it passes from the rollers and shaping pulley; this
guide can be moved by the pressure screw f.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention and
means by which the same may be carried into use, I would have it distinctly
understood that I do not confine myself to every detail laid down, as many
modifications may be produced without departing from my said Invention, such
as using parts or the whole of the sides and ends of casks, drums, or kegs of
timber, or of more than one metal or material; but what I claim as my
Invention is,
Firstly, the construction of drums, kegs, casks, and like packages with the
circumferences of the ends bent or inverted and fitted close against the internal
surface of the framing, when the said ends and framing are secured by a
strenthening band or chimb, and the whole fastened by soldering or otherwise,
see Figs. 1 and 2, Sheet No. 1.
Secondly, the construction of drums, kegs, casks, and like packages with the
circumferences of the ends bent or inverted and fitted into sockets or chimbs
formed by turning the extremities of the framing upwards and inwards, and
secured by soldering or otherwise, see Fig. 3, Sheet No. 1.
And, thirdly, the construction of the machine or apparatus with rollers j,
shaping piece or pulley o, guide piece p, and curve or circle guide q, as and for
the purposes set forth and illustrated in Sheet No. 2 of the accompanying
Drawings at Figs. 4 and 5.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Cope, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
In the presence of
JOHN J. KING, Patent Agent,
4, Clayton Square, Liverpool.
DAVID COPE. (L.S.)