IMPROVEMENTS FOR WEAVING TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robertson Clews, Foreman, in the Employment
of Messrs. Thomson, Shepherd, and Briggs, of Dundee, in the
County of Forfar, North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
FOR WEAVING TEXTILE FABRICS."
Sealed the 13th May 1870, and dated the 19th November 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robertson Clews at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 19th November 1869.
I, ROBERTSON CLEWS, Foreman, in the Employment of Messrs. Thomson,
Shepherd, and Briggs, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
FOR WEAVING TEXTILE FABRICS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in weaving textile
fabrics, has for its object more especially the weaving of carpets and

page_text: other fabrics so as to obtain the patterns in a simple and inexpensive.
manner.
Under this Invention the figure is produced or raised on single cloth
and with one weft only. The weaving of the figuro is the same as in the
ordinary jacquard weaving, but differs in the warping of the chain and
the cutting of the cards. The chain is warped with one ground thread
and two warp threads for the pattern. It is to be understood that whilst
it is stated the chain is warped in the aforesaid manner because that pro-
duces the best figure, still the arrangement of the threads may be altered
so as to use one or more ground threads and one or more warp threads
for the pattern. In most cases coloured warp and ground yarns or
threads are used, but cither or both of them may be bleached or undyed.
The cards are cut so that the warp threads are raised and the ground
threads sunk and interwoven with the weft in such a manner that a
plain and distinct figure is made, and this is effected by raising the
ground thread and allowing the binding weft to pass under it, thus to a
great extent covering the warp threads.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robertson Clews in the Great Scal Patent Office
on the 16th May 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERTSON
CLEWS, Foreman, in the Employment of Messrs. Thomson, Shepherd,
& Briggs, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-ninc, in the
33rd year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Robertson Clews, Her special license that
I, the said Robertson Clews, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Robertson Clews, my executors, adminis-
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed; should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,

page_text: within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING
TEXTILE FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Robertson Clews, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robertson Clews, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention, which relates to improvements in textile fabrics,
has for its object more especially the weaving of carpets and other
fabrics so
as to obtain the patterns in a simple and inexpensive
manner.
Under this Invention the figure is produced or raised on single cloth
and with one weft only. The weaving of the figure is the same as in the
ordinary jacquard weaving, except in the warping of the chain and the
cutting of the cards. The chain is warped with one ground thread and
two warp threads for the pattern. It is to be understood that whilst it is
stated the chain is warped in the aforesaid manner because that pro-
duces the best figure, still the arrangement of the threads may be altered
so as to use one or more ground threads and one or more warp threads
for the pattern. In most cases coloured warp and ground yarns or
threads are used, but either or both of these may be bleached or undyed.
The cards are cut by the process known as "double cutting," so that
the two warp threads beginning at one side of the figure intended to be
produced shall be raised and the ground thread sunk, and so on, until
in order to form the figure the process is reversed, the ground thread
being raised and the warp thread sunk and hidden by the weft being
allowed to pass over them.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect, I would
observe in conclusion that what I consider novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in

page_text: part recited Letters Patent is, the mode of weaving carpets and other
fabrics whereby the figure or pattern is produced in the manner and by
the means hercin-before described..
In witness whereof, I, the said Robertson Clews, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Second day of May One thousand cight
hundred and seventy.