IMPROVE- MENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR CRAVATS AND NECKTIES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Hinks and Thomas Hooper, both of Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, and Francis Robert Baker, of
Birmingham aforesaid, Mochanical Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR CRAVATS AND NECKTIES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Hinks and Thomas
Hooper and Francis Robert Baker at the Oflice of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 24th January 1882.
JOHN HINKS and THOMAS HOOPER both of Birminghamn in the County of
Warwick Manufacturers and FRANCIS ROBERT BAKER of Birminghain aforesaid
Mechanical Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR CRAVATS AND
NECKTIES."
According to one of our improvements we attach a metallic arm to the rigid
shield like piece of metal or millboard constituting the body of the cravat. The
said arm is jointed to the said body near one of its edges and is capable of being
turned on or from off the said body. The end of the said arm is made into a clip
so that when the said arm is upon the said body one of its branches passes to one
side of the said body and the other branch to the other side. That is the said
clip embraces the body of the cravat near that part at which the band of the
cravat emerges from under the body. When the arm is turned from off the body
the band is free to move. When the band has been adjusted the arm is turned
upon the body when the body and band are gripped between its two branches
and the position of the band is fixed.
According to another of our improvements we attach to the body of the cravat
a plate of thin sheet steel or other elastic metal or alloy on one edge of which is
a tongue. The said tongue is bent over the plate that part of the tongue near its
free end pressing upon the plate. The band of the cravat passes between the
tongue and the plate. On lifting the tongue by its extreme end the band is free
to be adjusted and on liberating the tongue the band is gripped between it and
the plate and fixed in the position to which it has been adjusted.

page_text: According to another of our improvements we fix on the inner side of the body
a cross plate having a slot in it. A spring lever is situated under the cross plate.
One end of this lever is pressed against the edge of the slot the other end
protruding through a hole at the back of the body of the cravat.
When the band of the cravat is passed under the crosspiece it is pressed by the
spring lever against the slot in the cross piece. The band can be drawn in the
direction proper for tightening it but can only be drawn in the opposite direction
by pressing upon the protruding end of the lever at the back of the body. The
inner end of the lever no longer presses the band against the edge of the slot and
the said band can move freely.
According to another of our improvements we fix to the foundation or body of
the cravat a thin metal plate to the upper edge of which another plate is jointed
by a spring joint. This plate can be folded down upon the fixed plate or raised to
a large angle therefrom and is retained in either position with a considerable
amount of force by means of the spring joint. The moveable plate carries the
ornamental middle part of the cravat and the band passes between it and the body
and by its pressure upon the adjusted band the position of the band is fixed.
In order to fix the band of the cravat or neck tie at the required height at the
back of the collar we attach a strip of metal to the inner side of the band or
necktie at that part of it which crosses the button at the back of the shirt collar.
This strip of metal has a slot in it open at one end. This strip of metal is passed
by its slot under the button and fixes the height of the band of the cravat or neck
tie. Where it is only required to prevent the band or tie rising a metallic strip
without a slot may be employed. This engages under the lower part of the button
and prevents the band or tie from rising.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Hinks and Thomas Hooper and Francis Robert Baker in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th July 1882.
JOHN HINKS and THOMAS HOOPER both of Birmingham in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturers and FRANCIS ROBERT BAKER of Birmingham aforesaid
Mechanical Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR CRAVATS AND
NECKTIES."
According to one of our improvements we attach a metallic arm to the rigid
shield like piece of metal or millboard constituting the body of the cravat. Tho
said arm is jointed to the said body near one of its edges and is capable of being
turned on or from off the said body. The end of the said arm is made into a clip
so that when the said arm is upon the said body one of its branches passes to one
side of the said body and the other branch to the other side. That is the said clip
embraces the body of the cravat near that part at which the band of the cravat
emerges from under the body. When the arm is turned from off the body the
band is free to move.
When the band has been adjusted, the arm is turned upon the body when the
body and band are gripped between its two branches and the position of the band
is fixed.
According to another of our improvements, we attach to the body of the cravat,
a plate of thin sheet steel or other elastic metal or alloy on one edge of which is a
tongue. The said tongue is bent over the plate, that part of the tongue near its
free end pressing upon the plate. The band of the cravat passes between the
tongue and the plate. On lifting the tongue by its extreme end, the band is free
to be adjusted and on depressing and fastening the tongue the band is gripped
between it and the plate and fixed in the position to which it has been adjusted.
According to another of our improvements, we fix on the inner side of the body,
a crossplate having a slot in it. A spring lever is situated under the cross plate.
One end of this lever is pressed against the edge of the slot, the other end
protruding through a hole at the back of the body of the cravat.
When the band of the cravat is passed under the crosspiece it is pressed by the
spring lever against the slot in the crosspiece. The band can be drawn in the
direction proper for tightening it but can only be drawn in the opposite direction
by pressing upon the protruding end of the lever at the back of the body. The
inner end of the lever no longer presses the band against the edge of the slot and
the band can move freely.
In order to fix the band of the cravat or necktie at the required height at the
back of the collar, we attach a strip of metal to the inner side of the band or
necktie at that part of it which crosses the button at the back of the shirt collar.
This strip of metal has a slot in it open at one end. This strip of metal is passed
by its slot under the button and fixes the height of the band of the cravat or
necktie. Where it is only required to prevent the band or tie rising a metallic
strip without a slot may be employed. This engages under the lower part of the
button and prevents the band or tie from rising.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing
the manner in which our Invention is to be performed.
Figures 1 and 2 represent back elevations of a cravat or necktie to which a
fastening constructed according to the first described part of our Invention is
applied, the neck band being represented unfastened in Figure 1 and fastened in
Figure 2; Figure represents the fastening in side elevation and edge view
detached,

page_text: The said fastening consists of a forked arm a, b having a lateral piece c cranked
at its end. By means of the piece o the forked arm a, b is jointed at d by
eyeletting or otherwise, to the shield like piece e constituting the body of the
cravat. By means of the joint at d the forked arm a, b can be turned off the body e
as illustrated in Figure 1 or be made to embrace the said body and grip the neck
band of the cravat. The extreme ends of the branches of the forked arm a, b
constitute a clip, one of the branches being curved to ensure its gripping action
(see Figure 3) after the position of the neck band f, has been adjusted, that part of
the neck-band protruding from the body e is turned back upon the outer sido of
the body e as represented at f2, Figure 2.
The forked arm a. b. is now turned on its joint d into the position represented
in Figure 2. By this turning of the forked arm, one of its branches a passes to one
side of the body e and the other branch b to the opposite side of the said body, the
said branch b of the forked arm clipping the turned back part få of the neck band f
between itself and the back of the body e, as seen in Figure 2. The neck band is
thereby securely fastened in its place. By turning the forked arm or clip from off
the body e into the position represented in Figure 1, the neck band ƒ is free to
move and may be drawn from the body e.
]
Figure 4 represents in back clevation, a cravat or neck tie to which a fastening
constructed according to the second part of our Invention is applied; Figure 5:
represents an inner side of the fastening and the inner portion of the shield like
piece or body to which the fastening is attached, and Figure 6 represents the
fastening detached.
The fastening consists of a thin sheet steel or other elastic plate g at one edge of
which the spring tongue his situated. The tongue is made in one piece with
the foundation plate g and is bent over the said plate, the junction of the tongue h
with the plate g. being formed by the loop i. This loop permits the tongue to
have a slight motion parallel with the plate gas well as a motion at right angles
to it. On the plate g is a catch for the end of the spring tongue h to engage
under. The foundation plate g. is fastened to the inner portion e of the shield
like piece of millboard or body e of the cravat by eyeletting, the elastic tongue h
being situated at that end of the body e from which the neck band femerges, the
said neck band passing between the said tongue h and the plate g.
When the end
of the tongue h is withdrawn from the catch k on the plate it takes by its
elasticity the open position illustrated in the bottom view of Figure 6 and the
neck band can be readily passed between it and the plate g and the length of the
neck band adjusted. In order to fasten the cravat the neck band is passed
between the two portions e, e² of the body the spring tongue h is then pressed
towards the plate 9 and its end introduced under the catch k.
The said tongue is thereby held down and the neck band is gripped between
it and the plate y and fixed in the position to which it has been adjusted as illus-
trated in Figure 4. To release the neck band fit is only necessary to withdraw
the spring tongue h from under the catch when the said spring tongue rises
from the plate g and the neck band is released and may be withdrawn from the
body e.
Figure 7 represents in back elevation, a cravat or neck tie to which a fastening
constructed according to another part of our Invention is applied; Figure 8
represents a front elevation of the fastening with a portion removed; Figure 9
represents a side elevation and front elevation of the same; Figures 10 and 11 are
longitudinal sections of the fastening the neck band being represented gripped or
fastened in Figure 10 and released and unfastened in Figure 11. is the spring
lever turning at 13, 13 in the cross plate m eyeletted to the body e of the cravat.
The lever is pressed into its gripping position by the spring n on tho back plate p
of the fastening. In the cross plate m is a slot or opening against the edge of
which the middle acting part of the lever is pressed by the spring n on the said
lever and opposite its middle acting part is a thumb plate 7 which passes through
a hole s in the back plate p.

page_text: When the neck band of the cravat is passed under the cross plate m it raises
the spring lever and the said band can be drawn in the direction proper for
tightening it. After the position of the band has been adjusted it is pressed by
the spring lever against the edge of the slot q in the cross plate as seen in
Figure 10 and the neckband is firmly held in that position. In order to release
the neck band, the protruding thumb plate end r of the lever is pressed inwards.
The acting end of the lever is thereby withdrawn from the neck band, which is
no longer pressed against the edge of the slot q and the said band can move freely
in the cross plate m as will be understood by an examination of Figure 11.
Figure 12 represents our improved retainer for fixing the band of a cravat or
neck tie at the back of the collar. This part of our Invention is especially
applicable to cravats or neckties worn with stand up collars; t is the slotted strip
of thin metal constituting the retainer, which is sewn to the inner side of the
band of the cravat or necktie, at that part which crosses the button won the
back of the shirt collar. The slotted strip of metal or retainer t is passed by its
slot under the button w the said slot engaging with the threaded shank of the
button. The neckband of the cravat or necktie is thereby fixed at the required
height at the back of the collar.
A metallic strip without a slot as represented in Figure 13 may be employed
when it is only required to prevent the neck band or neck tie from rising. In
this case, the metallic strip fixed to the inner side of the neckband u is engaged
under the lower part of the button won the shirt collar as represented in
Figure 13.
Having now described the nature of our Invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed we wish it to be understood that we claim as our Invention
of "Improvements in Fastenings for Cravats and Neck Ties." :-
First A fastening for cravats and neckties consisting of a forked arm jointed to
the shield like piece or body of the cravat or necktie, the said forked arm when
turned upon the body gripping the said body and the neckband and when turned
from off the said body releasing the neck band substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly-A fastening for cravats and neck ties consisting of a foundation plate
and a spring tongue between which plate and tongue the neck band of the cravat
or neck tie passes and is gripped substantially as hercinbefore described and
illustrated in Figures 4, 5 and 6 of the accompanying Drawing.
Thirdly The combination or arrangement of the parts of the fastening for
cravats and neck ties herein before described and illustrated in Figures 8, 9, 10
and 11 of the accompanying Drawing.
Lastly-The retainers hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 12 and 13
of the accompanying Drawing for fixing the band of the cravat or neck tie at the .
required height at the back of the collar.
In witness whereof wo the said John Hinks and Thomas Hooper have
hereunto set our hands and seals this Eleventh day of July in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
Witness
SAMUEL GEORGE MOORE
Buckingham St. Works
Birmingham.
JOHN HINKS.
THOMAS HOOPER.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)