IMPROVEMENTS IN MALLEABLE CYLINDERS AND TUBES; USED IN ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ebenezer William Hughes, of Number 22, Parliament
Street, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MALLEABLE CYLINDERS AND TUBES; USED IN ENGINEERING
AND ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES."
Sealed the 17th June 1862, and dated the 14th January 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ebenezer William Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th January 1862.
I, EBENEZER WILLIAM HUGHES, of Number 22, Parliament Street, in the
City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MALLEABLE CYLINDERS AND TUBES USED IN
ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of cylinders being made with malleable metals in
parts, such parts being rolled or formed in sections thus,
ог
thus , and each part having two projecting flanges, and where
combined, by means of rivets, (in the usual method, or by bolts, hereafter
described,) cylinders are formed having projecting flanges, and are applicable
as columns, piles, girders, struts, beams, pipes, tubes, to be used alone or in
combination, or in forming part of any of the before-mentioned appliances
where compressive, tensile, or transverse strains have to be resisted; they are
also applicable for conveying fluids or solids, or used as guns for projecting
shot or shell. The formation of the bolts for connecting the sections or
lengths of these cylinders consists of a method of preventing nuts used on
....מ

page_text: screw bolts or rods from becoming slack or loose from vibration, or other
causes. Such method of prevention consisting in the splitting of that portion
of the screw bolt projecting beyond the nut when screwed home, whether
such projection be plain or otherwise, and also in the partial separation of
the parts so split or divided. This Invention being equally applicable to
the permanent way of railways as well as to structures in general,
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Ebenezer William Hughes in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 11th July 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EBENEZER
WILLIAM HUGHES, of No. 22, Parliament Street, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Ebenezer William Hughes, Her special licence that I, the said
Ebenezer William Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as 1, the said Ebenezer William Hughes, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MALLEABLE CYLINDERS AND TUBES USED IN
ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Ebenezer William Hughes, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar mouths
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ebenezer William Hughes, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-

page_text: The Invention consists in constructing cylinders or tubes suitable for
columns or supports used in engineering and architectural structures, by
forming and combining plates of wrought or malleable iron, each of which is
rolled with two outer projecting flanges, which are produced at angles greater
than a right angle to the plane or outer surface of the plate. The angle at
which each flange of an iron plate will stand to the plane or surface of the
plate will depend on the form of the intended column or similar tubular
support which is to be made according to my Invention; but in all cases the
outer or butting faces of the inclined flanges of the plates used will require
to be radial with the centre of the column or similar tubular support.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a vertical section of a portion of a cylindrical column.
constructed according to my Invention; and Figure 2 is a plan thereof.
In thus making a cylindrical column, the parts of each of the plates
intermediate of the two flanges are rolled to sections of the curvature desired,
and the outer or butting faces of the flanges when combined together by
rivets radiate from the centre of the cylindrical column, as will be evident on
inspecting these Figures of the Drawings. In order to join the ends of the
several parts of a cylindrical or other column or tubular support, and also in
order to produce projections therefrom with a view to the colums or supports
being connected to other parts of an engineering or architectural structure,
a short tube or cylinder with an outer flange is introduced into the end of
a section or portion of a column, and is fixed therein by rivets.
In Figures and 2, a, a, are the two parts or sections of a cylindrical
column, in which short cylinders b, b, are fixed by rivets, and the flanges c, c,
of these inner short cylinders project sufficiently beyond the outer surface of
the cylindrical column to admit of the flanges being fixed together by screw
bolts and nuts, or by rivets; d is a connecting plate, which is introduced
between the two flanges c, c, where it is required that the column should be
connected to other parts of a structure.
Figure 3 shows a plan of a portion of another tubular column or support
having eight sides, Figure 4 shows a plan of another column or support
having six sides, and Figure 5 shows the plan of a portion of another tubular
column or support having four sides; in each of these Figures it will be
seen that the inclined outer flanges of the plates are so formed that when the
proper number of wrought-iron plates are brought together, the butting
faces of the flanges which come together are radial from the centre of the
column or supports. The several sections or lengths, or parts of columns or

page_text: supports thus produced are to be joined together in the manner above
explained by internal short tubes. Or in place of the several flanged plates,
of which a column or support is composed, terminating in the same horizontal
planes, their flanges may be rivetted together in such manner as to break
joint, the lower edge of an upper plate being caused to butt or to rest on the
upper edge of the plate below, and where such butt joint of the ends of two
plates comes, there may be used a junction plate or piece fixed over the butt
joint by rivetting such junction piece or plate to the two plates where they so
butt together. In this manner may columns and other tubular supports be
formed, and by applying horizontal connecting plates where required, as above
explained, they may readily be connected to other parts of a structure, whether
of an engineering or architectural character; and it will be evident that the
inclined outer projecting flanges will form as it were external ribs to the
columns or supports, which being fixed by rivetting, will give great strength
and stiffness to the columns or supports thus produced.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ebenezer William Hughes, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
E. W. HUGHES. (L.S.)