IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ebenezer Goddard, of Ipswich, in the County
of Suffolk, Gas Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS BURNERS."
Sealed the 3rd May 1854, and dated the 3rd November 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ebenezer Goddard
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 3rd November 1853.
I, EBENEZER GODDARD, of Ipswich, in the County of Suffolk, Gas
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS" to be as follows:-,
This Invention consists in the employment of a differential burner
which is composed of a thin way cock, the plug of which is formed
with two apertures for supplying the gas to two distinct burners which
are fitted into the top of the plug itself. One of these burners may
be an ordinary luminating burner of any of the well known forms at

page_text: present in use, whilst the other burner may be merely a finely perforated
tube in close proximity with the main burner; or, instead of having two
distinct burners, a similar effect may be attained by allowing the finely
perforated tube to pass through the large burner, or having one jet in
the large burner isolated so as to be supplied distinctly. By the peculiar
construction of the cock before mentioned the light may be turned
either entirely out, or nearly so, by simply turning the plug partly
round, without interfering with the ordinary shut off cock on the gas
pipe. By turning in one direction a small quantity of gas is allowed
to pass only through, the fine burner being entirely shut off from the
main burner, but if the light is required to be turned on, then, by
turning the plug partly round in an opposite direction, the main burner
becomes opened, and the jet of the small one increases until it becomes
sufficiently large to light the jet of the larger one, and by the time the
jet is full on in this latter burner the small-jet is completely cut off.
By turning the plug still farther the main jet will be also extin-
guished, the gas being entirely cut off from both burners. This species
of burner is applicable to all. purposes where the regulation of gas jets is
required, whether for lighting, heating, or cooking.". It will be obvious
that the small burner may be used, if required, as an ordinary single
jet burner in cases where a great illuminating power is not wanted.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters-Patent,
filed by the said Ebenezer Goddard in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 3rd May 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, 2.
EBENEZER GODDARD, of Ipswich, in the County of-Suffolk, Gas En-
gineer, send greeting."
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearings date-the-Third-day-of-November-in-the-year-
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seven- 3
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Ebenezer Goddard, Her, special license

page_text: that 1, the said Ebenezer Goddard, my executors,, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Ebenezer Goddard, my execu
tors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
öthers, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS BURNERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Ebenezer Goddard, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
i
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ebenezer Goddard, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say:
My said Invention relates to certain improvements in the construc-
tion of the regulating cocks of gas burners, and consists in the employ-
inent of a differential burner, which is composed of a three way cock,
the plug of which is formed with two apertures for supplying the gas
to two distinct burners, which are fitted into the top of the plug itself.
One of these burners may be an ordinary luminating burner of any of
the well known forms at present in use, whilst the other burner may
be merely a finely perforated tube in close proximity with the main
burner; or, instead of having two distinct burners, a similar effect may
be attained by allowing the finely perforated tube to pass through the
large burner, or having one jet in the large burner isolated so as to be
supplied distinctly: By the peculiar construction of the cock before
mentioned the light may be turned either entirely out, or nearly so, by
simply turning the plug partly round, without interfering with the
ordinary shut off cock on the gas pipe. By turning in one direction

page_text: a.small quantity of: gas is allowed to pass only through, the fine burner
being entirely shut off from the main burner, but if the light is required
to be turned on, then, by turning the plug partly. round in an opposite.
direction, the main burner becomes opened, and the jet of the small
one increases until it becomes sufficiently large to light the jet of the
larger one, and by the time the jet is full on in this latter burner;
the small jet is completely cut off: By turning the plug still further
the main jet will be also extinguished, the gas being entirely cut off
from both burners. This species of burner is applicable to all purposes
where the regulation of gas jets is required, whether for lighting,
heating, or cooking. It will be obvious that the small burner may
be used, if required, as an ordinary single jet burner in cases where a
great illuminating power is not wanted.
Figure 1, on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings represents a
vertical section of an argand burner and cock of my improved construc-
tion; Fig. 2, is a plan of the same; Fig. 3, is an elevation of the plug
on the side a of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4, is an elevation of the opposite
side of the same. The transverse opening through the plug A is
larger at one side than the other, and corresponds with the openings in
the shell B, the smaller opening in which communicates with, the
-burner C, whilst the other is partly plugged up, sufficient way being
-left to supply the requisite quantity of gas to the centre jet D, which is
fed by the small aperture E in Fig. 4. The action of this apparatus
is as follows: The gas enters by the pipe F in Fig. 1; and if the plug
A be in the position represented in the Drawing it passes to the
burner Conly, since the large opening of the cock corresponds to the
partly plugged opening in the shell, and consequently the small
aperture E on one side of the larger aperture will be closed, whilst the
aperture leading to the burner C will be full open. But ou turning
the shell B, which is made in one piece with the burner and glass
holder, the aperture leading to the burner will be gradually diminished,
and the small-aperture-E,-leading to the jet D, will be gradually opened.
Thus the gas passing through the jet will be ignited by the burner, and
if the shell is further turned then the burner will be extinguished, and
the jet left full on. Should the shell, however, be still further turned

page_text: until
a screw F comes in contact with a pin or catch which serves
as a stop, the jet is then reduced to any extent that may be desired;
but cannot be totally extinguished on account of the screw stop. If,
however, the shell be turned in a contrary.direction to that mentioned
in the first instance, and until the screw F is brought to the other stop,
the burner and jet will be both extinguished, and 'all passage for the
gas cut off, thus acting as a perfect stop-cock. Fig. 5, is an elevation,
and Fig. 6, a partial section of a more simple arrangement of duplex
cock, as applied to an ordinary batwing or other burner. The object of
the Invention is effected by a passage being made in the plug on one
side, as shewn in the Drawing, or by a diminished hole, as in the first
instance, the small jet A being alternately extinguished and ignited.
Fig. 7, represents a plan of a similar cock with its jet placed on the
top of the pipe in place of one side; Fig. 8, is a section; and Fig. 9, a
detail of the plug of the cock detached. In this arrangement the
supply of gas to the small jet A is effected by the hole in the plug
being elongated, or a small slot may be made in the plug to com-
municate with the aperture leading to the jet, as shewn at Fig. 9.
Fig. 10, represents
vertical section of a modification of Fig. 1,
wherein the plug A revolves instead of the shell. The gas is supplied
by two slots in the sides of the shell, shewn more clearly in the trans-
verse sections of the cock, Fig. 11. In this arrangement there are two
distinct passages through the cock for the burner and jet, such passages
being placed obliquely with each other. The action of this cock will be
more clearly understood on referring to the transverse sections, Fig. 11,
which are taken through the line a, b, in Fig. 10. Section 1, represents
the plug so turned as to extinguish the burner and supply the jet B ;
section 2, shews the position of the plug when the burner is full on
and the jet extinguished; and section 3; represents both communications
cut off. Fig. 12, is a section of a burner and cock of another modifi-
cation of the same principle; Fig. 13, is a plan of the same; Fig. 14,
is a detail of the regulating plug and Fig. 15, represents a transverse
section of the same taken through the aperture A. The jet B is
supplied by the small passage A in the centre of the plug or valve C,

page_text: whilst the supply of the burner takes place through the passage D.
The valve or plug C is raised or lowered by turning the glass holder
E, which works up a screw or incline, and is connected with the upper
portion of the plug by means of a cross head F. On referring to
Fig. 12 it will be seen that in the position of the valve therein repre-
sented the gas will be allowed to pass to both burner and jet, the
supply for the jet entering by the lateral opening in the plug, whilst
that for the burner passes up between the outside of the plug and its
shell, the plug being cut away laterally, as shewn in the transverse
section, Fig. 15, in order to leave a passage for the gas between it and
the sides of the shell. By lowering the valve to the upper seat, which
is effected by suitably turning the glass holder E, all communication
with the burner will be stopped, whilst the supply to the jet will remain
If, however, the lower conical portion of the valve is raised to
the lower seat by turning the glass holder in a contrary direction, then
both lights will be extinguished, the supply of gas being entirely shut
off, and all possibility of an escape prevented. The same effect may be
produced by making the upper portion of the plug in the form of a
piston working accurately in the shell in place of having a valve
full on.
seat.
:
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that I do not
confine or restrict myself to the precise details or arrangements which
I have had occasion to describe or refer to, as many variations may be
made therefrom without deviating from the principles or main features
of my said Invention; but what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the general arrangement and construction of gas regulating
cocks, as herein-before described.
Second, the apparatus-and-use-of-a double way cock or valve in
conjunction with an igniting jet and illuminating burner of any form
for the purposes herein-before described.

page_text: Third, the system or mode of economising gas by the use of a small
jet, the supply of which is entirely independent from the illuminating
burner.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ebenezer Goddard, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the First day of May, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-four.
EBENEZER GODDARD. (L.S.)