AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MAKING CONFITS, CONFECTIONARY, LOZENGES, AND ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF PAN GOODS, THE MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME, OR FOR ANY OTHER ARTICLE TO WHICH THE SAID APPARATUS OR MACHINERY MAY BE MADE APPLICABLE
Year: 1846

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
DUNCAN, Engineer, of Edinburgh, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters l'atent bearing date at Westminster, the Nineteenth day of May, in
the ninth year of Her reign, did give and giant unto me, the said George
Duncan, my exors, adiñors, or assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole
piviledge and authority, that I, the said George Duncan, my exors, adñiors,
or assigns, and such others as I, the said George Duncan, my exors, adñiors,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times hereafter, during the term of years theicin mentioned, should
and lawfully might make, use, excicise, and vend, within that part of Great
Butain and Ireland called England, our Dominion of Wales, and Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MAKING
CONFITS, CONFECTIONARY, LOZENGES, AND ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF PAN GOODS, THE
MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME, OR FOR ANY
OTHER ARTICLE TO WHICH THE SAID APPARATUS OR MACHINERY MAY BE MADE
APPLICABLE,
in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that
1, the said George Duncan, shall cause a particular description of the nature
of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be enrolled in Her
said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calender months next and
immediately after the date of the said in parte recited Letters Patent, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George Duncan, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say):-
Figure 1 shews a side view of a machine for making pan goods. Figure 2
is a front view of the machine, shewing two revolving pans; and Figures 3
and 4 shew two sections of one of the pans when they are to be heated by
steam a, a, are the pans, within which are fixed projections 6, which would
cause the matters under process as the pans revolve to be deflected inwards
The pan is open at c for the purpose of putting in and taking out the matters.
The pans are enveloped in a steam case d, so that the pan may be heated by
steam flowing through the hollow axis e into the space between the pan and
the case d; and e) is a small vent which is kept constantly open. The hollow
axis e turns in bearings f,f, as shewn, and the end of the axis enters a stuffing
box of the steam pipe leading to a steam boiler, as is well understood. In
using this apparatus, the seed or almonds or other matters to be coated are
to be placed into the pan thro' the opening in front, the pan is then put in
motion till the seed or other matters come to about 160° of Fahrenheit, which
is about the temperature I find it convenient to work the pan in making pan
goods, and when the seed or other matters have been heated the pan is
stopped, and a small quantity of syrup is to be introduced into the pan, and
motion is again communicated to the pan by which the seeds or other matters
will become coated and the aqueous part of the syrup will be evaporated, when
more syrup is to be introduced, and so on till the articles are coated to the
extent desired with sugar or other preparation, according to the object to be
accomplished. And I would state, that the workman, in making confits or
other pan goods according to this Juvention, will pursue the same practice as
heretofore resorted to when making like desciptions of pan goods,
the use of
the evolving or a partly revolving pan being the novelty constituting this
part of my Invention
The second part of my Invention consists of machinery for cutting out
lozenges, or it may be other matters, and consists of a series of hollow cutters,
which are caused to ascend through a perforated table, over which the
material to be cut is moved from time to time, and the lozenges cut out
lescend through the cutters on to an inclined plane, down which they are
moved into any suitable receiver.

page_text: a is the
These
Figure 6 shews a plan of the machine, Figure 7 a longitudinal section, and
Figure 8 a front view of the machine, Figure 9 shewing various views of the
cutters, full size, for making lozenges, but the same may be vaned
fiamo of cutters, the nature of which will be best seen at Figure 9
cutters are caused to rise up through the table b by means of the 1ods c, c,
moved up and down by the cranks and 1ods d, d, on the axis e, ^ by steam
or other power. The table is perforated with as many holes as there are
cutters a, and the sheet of dough ƒ for lozenges or other matter is moved
forwards by the endless carrying apron 9, 9, which is carried by the rollers h, h,
one of the rollers h receiving motion from time to time by means of the
atchet wheel 2 on the axis of that roller, which ratchet wheel is put in notion
each time that the cutters a, a, descend, by means of the diver
affixed on
the aim k moving on the axis of the front roller h The aim is by the 10d
attached to the lever m, the other end of the lever m being attached by a
connecting rod m* to one of the rods c, hence, as that od descends, the
atchet wheel will be put in motion, which will move the sheet of dough or
other material to be cut a proper distance on the table for the cutters to make
then cuts into and through it when they next ascend; and it will be seen that
there is a bar o surface n over the table, against which the cutters como
when they have passed through the table, and through the sheet of dough or
other matter on the table. The peculiarity of this arrangement of machine is
the using of several hollow cutters, and causing them to pass through a table,
and cut against the surface n, the sheet of dough or other matter being caused
to move between the table and the surface n from time to time, as required,
and as herein described.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode of
cauying it into effect, I would have it to be understood that I do not confine
myself to the precise details herein descubed, so long as the peculiar character
of my said Invention, or of any part thereof, be retained, and I do not claim
the several parts of the machinery taken separately and not combined together
for the purposes aforesaid; but what I do claim is,-
First, the improved method of stamping or cutting out lozenges, pill-box
bottoms, wafers, and other articles to which the apparatus may be made
applicable, by means of a series of stamps or punches, arranged to move
simultaneously, and the apparatus combined therewith.
Secondly, 1 claim the method of manufacturing comfits, confectionary, and
all other descriptions of pan goods, by means of revolving pans, with or without
the lifters before mentioned, and heated by steam or other wise, together with the

page_text: aratus connected therewith, and any other articles to which my said
aratus may be made applicable
In witness whereof, these Presents, written_upon_this_sheet_of_stamped.
parchment by John Arbuthnot Home, Clerk to Theodosius Forrest
Ewart, Writer to the Signet, are, with the marginal addition on the
thirty-first line hereof, signed and sealed by me, the said George
Duncan, at Edinburgh, the Sixteenth day of November, Eighteen
hundred and forty-six years, before these Witnesses, the said John
Arbuthnot Home and James Pringle Halley, Writer, in Edinburgh.
EWART, Extra.
GEORGE (L.S.) DUNCAN.
JAS P. HALLEY, Witness.
JOHN A HOME, Witness.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixteenth day of November, in
the year of our Lord 1846, the aforesaid George Duncan came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained_and_specified, in form
above written And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Nineteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-six.
EWART, Extra.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixteenth day of November, in
the year of our Lord 1846, the aforesaid George Duncan came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained_and_specified, in _form
above written And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Nineteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-six.