Improvements in or connected with Gas or Vapor Motors.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 1st Mar., 1894-Accepted, 7th Apr., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Gas or Vapor Motors.
I, DAVID BRUCE PEEBLES, of Tay Works, Bonnington, in the County of
Mid Lothian, North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows, that is to say:-
My said invention has for its object to improve the construction and action of
various parts of or connected with gas or vapor motors.
A
A first improvement is in the combined air and gas or vapor inlet valves.
main disk valve is arranged to open the inlet port into the motor cylinder, this port
being at the inner end of a cylindrical passage having within it a concentric inbe
through which last the gas or vapor is admitted the air passing through the annular
passage. A separate small valve closes the inner end of the gas or vapor tube, and
a cap which is screwed on the inner end is made with a lateral perforation through
which when the small valve is open the gas or vapor issues into the annular air
stream. The small valve is fixed on a tube through which the spindle of the main
valve passes.
A second improvement is in the anti-pulsator. The movable disk of the gas bag
is by preference placed vertically and is connected to two bellcrank levers, one of
which has an arm with an adjustable weight arranged to tend to close the bag.
The other bellcrank lever has an arm connected to a spindle which has on it two
disk valves adapted to ports in two partitions, through which ports the gas or
vapor has to pass on its way to the motor, the gas or vapor having access to the
bag after passing the said ports. The disk valves (for which a single disk or plug
may be substituted) move in opposite directions to close their ports and control the
entrance of the gas or vapor in a manner to greatly diminish pulsating action.
A third improvement is in the governor apparatus by which an ignition is missed
(or more than one) whenever the speed is too great. A lever worked by a cam
acts on the spindle of the main inlet valve, and a spring-controlled trigger jointed
on the lever acts on the tube of the gas inlet valve, this trigger being moved out of
its acting position when required by means of a lever connected to a bell or
inverted cup in an annular trough containing mercury or other liquid. A space is
enclosed between the bell just mentioned and a larger bell also in an annular
trough, containing mercury or other liquid and which is made to reciprocate by
any convenient reciprocating part of the motor. An inwardly opening check valve
is fitted to the larger bell and admits air whenever the bell is raised; and the air
so admitted passes out, when the bell is depressed, through a pipe or passage fitted
with a stopcock or valve which is adjusted to the desired speed. When the speed
is too great, the pressure between the bells increases because of the air not getting
out as quickly as it is taken in; and in consequence the smaller inner bell is
gas inlet
depressed and causes the trigger to move aside and omit an action on the
valve.
A fourth improvement is in the igniting device, for which I use an externally
heated porcelain tube, the communication between this tube and the cylinder being
a lateral passage. The piece in which the tube is held and in which the lateral
passage leading into the inner end of the tube is formed, is made with a small
chamber and has fixed in it a small tube communicating with the chamber and

page_text: extending through the porcelain tube nearly to its outer end. The small tube is
open at both ends, and when the ignitible gaseous mixture is by the compression
made to enter the porcelain tube, the non-ignitible gas just previously therein is
forced through the small tube into the chamber, whereby the contact of the
ignitible mixture with the heated part of the porcelain tube is insured. The
chamber and inner tube may be used with an outer tube of metal.
A fifth improvement consists in providing an igniting device to be used by hand
when starting the motor at which time the heated-tube igniter must be shut off by
a valve. The hand igniter comprises a tube screwed into a piece fixed to the
cylinder, and having in it a small clip for a friction match. A rod to be moved by
hand extends in through a small stuffing box and has at its inner end a spring
blade with a roughened part to act on the match. A screw valve is arranged for
shutting off the tube from the cylinder and another valve which is of small size is
provided for allowing some gas to issue to the atmosphere so that the ignitible
mixture may reach the match. The last named valve may be used also for
partially relieving the compression when starting the motor.
A sixth improvement is applicable to the exhaust valve and consists in fitting it
with a small valve adapted to a central port in the main valve, the object being to
relieve the pressure resisting the opening of the main valve. The spindle which
opens the valves is fixed to the small valve and acts by a collar on a part fixed to
the main valve only after having opened the small valve. The starting of the
moto may be facilitated by opening the small valve by means of a piece adjusted
in a manner to prevent the spindle from quite reaching its closing position during
compression.
A seventh improvement is in the apparatus for lubricating the motor cylinder,
which apparatus is arranged to supply the lubricant only whilst the motor is
working. In the improved apparatus the lubricant is contained in a cylindrical
vessel having its axis horizontal; and is maintained at a constant level by a semi-
cylindrical or segmental Hoat, which, turning about the horizontal axis dips further
down as the lubricant diminishes in quantity. The lubricant is picked up by one
or more rotating spoons turned by wheelwork deriving its motion from the motor.
Each spoon when in its highest position delivers its contents into a small cone
rotating with it with its axis horizontal, and the lubricant flows from the cone into
the mouth of a tube or passage communicating with the motor cylinder.
An eighth improvement consists in joining the connecting rod to the motor
piston by a pin entered through an aperture in the side or trunk of the piston and
by a key made to rock with the movement of the connecting rod.
The ends of the
pin work in bearing brasses fitted in recesses in otherwise solid parts between which
the inner end of the connecting rod works; and the brasses are adjustable by screwed
rods extending to the outer end of the piston trunk.
Dated this kirst dox of Luna 10012
EDMUND HUNT,
Per pro David Ferguson,
Applicant's Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Gas or Vapor Motors.
1. DAVID BRUCE PEEBLES, of Tay Works, Bonnington, in the County of
Mid Lothian, North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said invention has for its object to improve the construction and action of
various parts of or connected with gas or vapor motors.

page_text: The invention comprises improved air and gas or vapor inlet valves, an improved
anti-pulsator; improved governor apparatus, an improved igniting device an
improved hand ignitor; improved exhaust valves; improved lubricating apparatus ;
and an improved method of jointing the connecting rod to the motor piston all
which improvements are hereinafter more particularly described.
And in order that my sa'd invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append two sheets of explanatory
drawings, to be hereinafter referred to, and showing parts of a gas or vapor motor
as made with my improvements.
Figure, 1, ou Sheet, 1, of the drawings is a vertical section of the combined air
and gas or vapor valves.
Figures, 2, and, 3, are respectively a vertical section and a sectional elevation, as
at right angles to each other, of the anti-pulsator.
Figure. 4, is a sectional elevation of the governor apparatus.
Figure, 5, is a vertical section of the igniting device.
Figure, 6, on Sheet, 2, is a vertical section of the exhaust valves.
Figure, 7, is a plan (as with the cover removed) of the lubricating apparatus,
Figures, 8, and, 9, being vertical sections, as at right angles to each other, of the
same.
Figure, 10, is an end elevation of the piston, with the connecting rod in section.
Figure, 11, is a longitudinal section of the piston and parts connected with it.
Figure, 12, is a horizontal section of the hand igniting device.
In these drawings the same reference letters and numerals are used to mark the
same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
The first improvement is in the combined air and gas or vapor inlet valves
delineated in Figure, 1, on Sheet, 1. A main disk valve, A, is arranged to open
the inlet port, A 1, into the motor cylinder (not shown) this port being at the inner
end of a cylindrical passage, A 2, having within it a concentric tube, B, through
which last the gas or vapor is admitted, the air passing through the annular
passage. A separate small valve, B 1, closes the inner end of the gas or vapor
tube, B, and a cap, B2, which is screwed on the inner end is made with lateral
perforations, B 3, through which, when the small valve is open, the gas or vapor
Issues into the annular air stream. The small valve, B 1, is fixed on a tube, B4,
through which the spindle, A 3, of the main valve, A, passes. The tube, B, is
formed at the bottom end with a disk, C, which acts as a cover to the cylindrical
passage, A 2, and this disk is made with a stuffing box, C1, through which the
tube, B4, containing the main valve spindle, A 3, passes.
A second improvement is in the anti-pulsator, D, delineated in Figures, 2, and, 3.
The movable disk, F, of the gas bag, F1, is by preference placed vertically, and
is connected to two bell crank levers, G, and, H, one, G, of which has an arm,
G 1,
with an adjustable weight, G 2, arranged to tend to close the bag. The other
bellcrank lever, H, has an arm, H 1, connected to a spindle, H 2, which has on it
two disk valves, H 3, and, H 4, adapted to ports, H 5, and, H 6, in two partitions,
through which ports the gas or vapor has to pass on its way to the motor, the gas or
vapor having access to the bag, F1, after passing the said ports. The disk
valves, H 3, and, H 4, (for which a single disk or plug may be substituted) move
in opposite directions to close their ports, H 5, and, H 6, and control the entrance
of the gas or vapor in a manner to greatly diminish pulsating action. Should
the valve H 3, be shut by the motor stopping, a stopcock, J, on a pipe, J 1,
communicating with the gas bag, F 1, and the valve box, J 2, on the inlet side of
the valve, H 4, is opened to admit the gas or vapor and so renew the action of the
anti-pulsalor.
A third improvement is in the governor apparatus delineated in Figure, 4, by
which an ignition is missed (or more than one) whenever the speed is too great. A
lever, K worked by a cam (not shown) acts on the spindle, A 3, (Figures, 1, and, 4,)
of the main inlet valve, A, (Figure, 1,) and a spring controlled trigger, K1,

page_text: a
Jointed on the lever acts on the tube, B4, (Figures, 1, and, 4,) of the gas inlet
valve, B1, (Figure, 1) this trigger being moved out of its acting position when
required by means of a bellcrank lever, K2, actuated by a rod, K 3, a lever, K 4,
and a 1od, K 5, the last being connected to a bell or inverted cup, K 6, in an annular
trough K 7, containing mercury or other liquid. A space, L, is enclosed between
the bell, K 6, just mentioned and a larger bell, L 1, also in an annular trough, L2,
containing mercury or other liquid and which bell, L 1, is made to reciprocate by
rod, L3, fixed to it and jointed to a lever, L 4, actuated by a cam or any convenient
reciprocating part of the motor. An inwardly opening check valve, L 5, closed by
a counter-weighted lever, L 6, is fitted to the larger bell, L 1, and admits air
whenever the bell is raised; and the air so admitted passes out when the bell, L 1,
is depressed, through a passage, K 8, fitted with a stopcock, K9, which is
adjusted to the desired speed. Instead of the check valve, L 5, being in the
larger bell, L1, it may be in the smaller bell, K 6, and open upwards. When
the speed is too great the pressure between the bells, K 6, and, L 1, increases
because of the air not getting out as quickly as it is taken in; and in consequence
the smaller inner bell, K 6, is depressed and causes the trigger, K1, to move
aside and omit an action on the gas inlet valve, B 1, (Figure, 1).
A fourth improvement is in the igniting device delineated in Figure, 5, for
which I use an externally heated porcelain tube, M, the communication between
this tube and the motor cylinder (not shown) being a lateral passage, M 1.
The piece, M 2, in which the tube, M, is held and in which the lateral
passage, M 1, leading into the inner end of the tube is formed, is made with
a small chamber, M 3, and has fixed in it a small tube, M 4, communicating with
the chamber and extending through the porcelain tube nearly to its outer end.
The small tube, M 4, is open at both ends and when the ignitible gaseous
mixture is by the compression made to enter the porcelain tube, M, the non-
ignitible gas just previously therein is forced through the small tube, M 4, into
the chamber, M 3, whereby the contact of the ignitible mixture with the heated
part of the porcelain tube is insured. The chamber, M 3, and inner tube, M 4,
may be used with an outer tube (M) of metal.
A fifth improvement consists in providing an igniting device, N, (delineated in
Figure, 12, on Sheet, 2,) to be used by hand when starting the motor at which
time the heated tube igniter, M, (Figure, 5,) must be shut off by a valve. The
hand igniter, N, comprises a tube, N 1, screwed into a piece, N 2, fixed to the
cylinder, and having in it a small clip, N 3, for a friction match, N 4. A rod, N 5,
to be moved by hand extends in through a small stuffing box, N 6, and has at its
inner end a spring blade, N 7, with a roughened part to act on the match N 4.
A screw valve, N 8, is arranged for shutting off the tube from the cylinder and
another valve, N 9, which is of small size is provided for allowing some gas to
issue to the atmosphere so that the ignitible mixture may reach the match, N 4.
The last-named valve, N 9, may be used also for partially relieving the compression
when starting the motor.
A sixth improvement is applicable to the exhaust valve, P, delineated in Figure, 6,
on Sheet, 2, and consists in fitting it with a small valve, P 1, adapted to a central
port, P 2, in the main valve, the object being to relieve the pressure resisting the
opening of the main valve. The spindle P 3, which opens the valves, P, and, P 1,
is fixed to the small valve, and acts, by a collar, P 4, on a tubular part, P5, fixed
to the main valve, P, only after having opened the small valve. The starting of
the motor may be facilitated by opening the small valve, P 1, by means of a piece
(not shown) adjusted in a manner to prevent the spindle, P 3, from quite reaching
its closing position during compression.
A seventh improvement is in the apparatus (delineated in Figures, 7, 8, and, 9,)
for lubricating the motor cylinder, which apparatus is arranged to supply the
lubricant only whilst the motor is working. In the improved apparatus the
lubricant is contained in a cylindrical vessel, Q having its axis horizontal, and is

page_text: maintained at a constant level by a semi-cylindrical or segmental float, Q1, which
turning about the horizontal axis, on anti-friction pins, Q2, fixed in the vessel, dips
further down as the lubricant diminishes in quantity. The lubricant is picked up
by one or more rotating tubular spoons. Q3, turned by wheel-work, consisting of a
toothed wheel, Q4, on each spoon spindle, Q5, gearing into a common pinion, Q6,
formed in a piece with a toothed wheel, Q7, which is actuated by a shaft, Q8,
armed with teeth and driven by a rope pulley, Q 9, deriving its motion from the
motor. Each tubular spoon, Q3, when in its highest position, delivers its contents
into a small open-mouthed cone, R, rotating with it with its axis horizontal, and the
lubricant flows from the cone into the mouth of a vertical tube, R 1, or passage
communicating with the cylinder.
An eighth improvement consists in jointing the connecting rod, S, to the motor
piston, T, (delineated in Figues, 10, and 11) by a pin, SI, entered through an
aperture, T1, in the side or trunk of the piston and by a key, S 2, made to rock
with the movement of the connecting rod. The ends of the pin, S 1, work in
bearing brasses, S 3, fitted in recesses in otherwise solid parts, T 2, of the piston, T,
between which the inner end of the connecting rod, S, works; and the brasses, S 3,
are adjustable by screwed rods, S 4, extending to the outer end of the piston
trunk.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The construction, arrangement, and combination of parts constituting my
improvements in or connected with gas or vapor motors substantially as herein-
before described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. In or connected with gas or vapor motors, a main inlet disk valve for the
motor cylinder arranged at the end of a cylindrical passage in which is a concentric
gas tube closed by a separate small valve and made with lateral perforations, the
valves being worked by separate concentric spindles, and being combined and
arranged substantially as herein before described with reference to Figure, 1, of the
accompanying drawings.
3. In or connected with gas or vapor motors an improved anti-pulsator having
the gas-bag movable disk vertical and connected to two bellcrank levers, one
arranged to tend to close the bag, the other connected to two disk valves acting
oppositely between ports in two partitions in the valve box, substantially as
hereinbefore described with reference to Figures, 2, and, 3, of the accompanying
drawings.
4. The construction, arrangement, and combination of parts constituting the
improved governor apparatus for gas or vapor motors, substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to Figure, 4. of the accompanying drawings.
5. In or connected with gas or vapor motors an igniting device comprising an
externally heated porcelain tube communicating with the motor cylinder, and
having fixed in it a small tube which communicates with a small chamber
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described with reference to
Figure, 5, of the accompanying drawing.
6. In or connected with gas or vapor motors an improved hand igniting device
comprising a tube fitted to hold a match and provided with a frictional piece for
igniting the match substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
Figure, 12, of the accompanying drawings.
7. In or connected with gas or vapor motore a small relief valve adapted to a
central port in the main exhaust valve, and acted on in advance by the spindle
acting on the main valve substantially as herein before described with reference to
Figure, 6, of the accompanying drawings.
8. In or connected with gas or vapor motors improved lubricating apparatus
substantially such as is hereinbefore described with reference to Figures, 7, 8, and 9,
of the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 9. In or connected with gas or vapor motors, the improved mode of jointing the
connecting rod to the motor piston substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to Figure, 10, and, 11, of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Twenty-eighth day of February 1894.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.