IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Francis Wentworth Brewster, of Bloomsbury, in the
County of Middlesex, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Francis Wentworth
Brewster at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st
December 1883.
FRANCIS WENTWORTH BREWSTER, of Bloomsbury, in the County of Middlesex,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO LIFE-BOATS, RAFTS, AND ANALOGOUS
FLOATING STRUCTURES."
This Invention relates to various improvements in and applicable to life-boats,
rafts, and analogous floating structures (hereinafter referred to for brevity of
description simply as "craft") and has especial reference to craft built upon the
catamaran principle that is with separately formed or independent tubular or other
shaped pontoons or other equivalent buoyant or floating parts or bodies to which
the craft proper or the carrying part of the structure or the part not immersed is
connected and upon the buoyancy of which pontoons or immersed parts, the part
not immersed depends for its support.
I lay no claim to this principle of constructing craft as being new, as I am aware
that many attempts have been previously made to construct serviceable craft upon
various modifications of this principle; but from various reasons all or nearly all of
these attempts have not been carried to any successful issue.
The present Invention comprises various improvements in the construction of
and applicable to craft built upon the said principle, and one of the principal
objects of the Invention is to provide craft more generally serviceable, handier and
more expeditious in use, and more easily navigable and less likely to capsize than
any craft hitherto built upon the said principle, and which can be used for life
saving and analogous purposes in shipwreck or at other times, and modified forms
of which can also be used with great advantage for ferrying horses and other large
animals across rivers and fords and for the water transport of ordnance and heavy
merchandize. Other objects of the improvements are to afford better protection
Price 1021

page_text: to the occupants of the craft from the sea and weather and to provide means
for sheltering them to a greater extent than any like craft hithertoo constructed
will, and to improve the sailing qualities of such craft, and render them capable of
sailing rapidly and near the wind making a minimum of leeway.
In constructing the said buoyant pontoons or immersed portions of the craft I in
some modifications form each of them of separate sections or water tight compart-
ments which may be suitably connected together at any time desired, in lieu of
making each of them as a whole with watertight subdivisions and compartments
as they have been formerly made;-but I do not limit myself to this system of
constructing the pontoons nor to any particular form or sectional shape thereof
nor to the use of any particular material in their construction, nor do I restrict
myself from using buoyant pontoons or their equivalents as they have hitherto
been constructed.
I connect the pontoons at different places by stays of an arched formation which
in some modifications may be rigid and in others may be hinged or otherwise
formed so as to allow of the pontoons being brought close together and of the
whole structure being brought into a less width for stowing away when out of
the water, and of their being opened out and kept apart at a proper distance when
in the water. The pontoons are kept apart by transverse stays which also may
either be rigid, or may be hinged or otherwise made capable of closing up if
adapted to craft of a collapsible formation. These stays may either spring from
the pontoons or from the arched stays which latter may be suitably braced or tied
together and the space bounded by them and by the transverse stays and bracings
may be partly or wholly and for any desired length be enclosed by a series of
gratings or lattice or network or by sheet metal or wood sheathing, or by other
Buitable means.
Depending from the arched stays I arrange within the said enclosed space and
clear of the pontoons one or more compartments which may either extend the
length of the craft or may be made of any shorter length or divided off by one or
more transverse gangways or passages, and if the stays connecting the pontoons are
rigid, this compartment or compartments may be also made of a rigid formation,
but if the said stays are of a hinged or other equivalent closing or collapsible
formation the compartment or compartments will also require to be made of a
folding or collapsible formation. Suitable recesses may be made between or in the
said gratings and outer covering if used for the convenience of navigators of the
craft or for the reception of any rescued persons, and a footboard may run along
the sides of the structure.
When specially constructing such craft for the water transport of ordnance,
animals, and heavy merchandize, provision is made by the addition of suitable gear
for suspending and supporting such heavy weights from the arched stays.
There may also be combined with such craft one or more masts centred at a
convenient part of their length and thus made capable of being canted or set in
angular relation to a vertical plane passing longitudinally through the craft, with
proper rigging and tackle, and I also fit the improved craft with lee or wave
boards, and adapt to the inner sides of the pontoons or elsewhere a fixed or drop
keel or keels
I also combine with the craft suitable steering apparatus and means of propulsion
so that the craft may sail or be propelled by oars or other like or usual means of
propulsion.
A novel feature incidental to the improved formation of craft herein referred to,
is that the peculiar formation of the covered arched connection between the
pontoons allows of a considerable number of men reclining or leaning upon it and
clinging to its outside surface by means of gratings, life lines, or other hold-fasts,
and it also completely protects all who may have been placed within the internal
depending portion or compartment from the violence of the wind and water as the
superstructure is or may be made to all intents and purposes "hurricane topped
and will be raised a desirable distance above the sea or water line.
"

page_text: Other advantages derived from the improved construction of craft herein
described are that a minimum resistance is offered to the wind and water both as
regards its immersed and non-submerged portions, thus imparting sailing qualities
to the craft of an exceptional nature.
When the craft has its intended load but a small if any portion of the pontoons
is above the water line and but little if any resistance to the wind is offered by
them and their formation offers the least possible resistance to the water.
There is a clear space excepting the width of the arched or other stays broadside
of the craft between the pontoons and the upper non immersed part of the craft
which permits of the wash of the water between such parts.
The resistance offered by the said non-submerged part of the craft where covered
in is only that presented by a low curved surface, and where not covered in is only
that presented by lattice work, and the width of the several transverse connections
which as regards the more elevated parts can be suitably enclosed in the form of a
boats bows and hurricane forecastle of such form as to offer a minimum resistance
to the passage of wind and water underneath.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent and
of an Order of the Lord Chancellor filed by the said Francis Wentworth
Brewster in the Patent Office on the 31st July 1884.
FRANCIS WENTWORTH BREWSTER, of Bloomsbury, in the County of Middlesex,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO LIFE-BOATS, RAFTS, AND ANALOGOUS
FLOATING STRUCTURES
"
This Invention relates to certain improvements in and applicable to life-boats,
rafts, and analogous floating structures (hereinafter referred to for brevity of
description simply as "craft") built upon the "catamaran" principle, that is with
two or more separately formed or independent tubular or other shaped pontoons,
hulls or other equivalent buoyant or floating parts or bodies, (hereinafter referred
pontoons,") to which the deck, platform, or carrying part of the structure or
the part not immersed (hereinafter referred to as the "superstructure,") is
connected, and upon the buoyancy of which pontoons or immersed parts, the
superstructure or part not immersed depends for its support.
to as
I lay no claim to the principle of constructing craft with two or more pontoons
as being new, as I am aware that craft constructed upon various modifications of
this principle have been introduced from time to time, but the present improvements
relate to improved methods of uniting the pontoons by novel superstructures of
which I illustrate several modifications, and further to the application to such craft
of the improvements hereinafter described, and the principal objects of the Invention
are to construct such craft so that they will be more generally serviceable, more
easily navigable, and capable of affording better shelter and protection to the
occupants from the sea and whether than any like craft hitherto constructed, and to
improve the sailing qualities of such craft, and render them capable of sailing
rapidly and making a minimum of leeway.
Certain modifications of the Invention are more especially applicable for life-
saving and analogous purposes in shipwreck or at other times, or they may be
used with great advantage for the rescue of persons who have fallen through the
ice, or in colder climates for sleighing purposes, and other modified forms are of
especial advantage for ferrying horses and other large animals across rivers and
fords. and for the water transport or ordnance and heavy merchandise.
Various modifications of the Invention are illustrated on the accompanying
drawings, and are bereinafter more particularly referred to, but all such
modifications can be classified as follows:-
1 Those wherein the craft is made collapsible or capable of closing up, and in
which the arched stays (hereinafter referred to) connecting the superstructure to
the pontoons are hinged or equivalently formed at some part or parts.
2nd Those wherein the superstructure is not collapsible, but in which the said
arched stays are hinged or formed as aforesaid for the purpose of allowing of
the pontoons being closed up. and
3rd those wherein no part of the craft is collapsible, but in which the super-
structure may be made either divisable or non-divisable but in all such
modifications the pontoons can be either permanently attached to the said stays
and superstructure or may be made detachable therefrom.
I would further remark that the present improvements have no particular
reference to any particular shape or construction of the pontoons, which may each
be made entire, or with water-tight divisions and compartments, or when
cylindrical they may be made in short lengths, each length forming a water tight
compartment which can for convenience be stowed separately if desired, and
screwed or otherwise suitably connected together when wanted for use, thus

page_text: forming the complete pontoon. On the accompanying drawings I show certain
shapes or forms of pontoons which have advantages attending their use, but I do
not limit myself thereto nor to the use of any particular material in their
construction, nor restrict myself from using pontoons as they have hitherto been
constructed.
According to the present improvements, the pontoons, 1, are connected at or
towards each end, and, if required, at intermediate parts of their length, (depending
principally upon the length, formation and weight of the superstructure) by stays
or equivalent supports, 2 of an arched or saddle formation, and preferably of the
construction shown in the cross section Fig; 4*, which combines a sufficiency of
strength with lightness of weight, and which stays in some modifications
(illustrations of two of which are given in the transverse sectional views Figs; 1,
and, 2.) may be of a rigid formation, and in others (illustrations of two of which
are respectively given in Figs; 3, to, 5, and, 6, to, 8,) may be hinged as at, 3, or
otherwise equivalently formed at the same or other parts of their length so as
to allow of the pontoons being brought close together or closed up after the
manner shown in the left hand halves of Figs, 3, and, 6, and of the craft being
consequently brought into less width for stowing away on board ship, or otherwise,
when not in the water, or when not required for use, and of there being opened
and kept apart at a proper distance when in the water, as illustrated in the
right hand halves of such Figures, or the superstructure may be made detachable
from the pontoons, and the superstructure itself may be made divisible as
hereinafter described.
The means for opening out and closing the collapsible form of craft may vary
in their nature, and I do not confine myself to the use of any particular means,
but on the accompanying drawings I have illustrated and herein describe certain
suitable and advantageous methods and means of attaining this object.
In the modification illustrated in Figs; 3, to, 5, the several arched stays, 2,
connecting the outlying pontoons, 1, are hinged as at, 3, or otherwise similarly
connected to a longitudinal rod, 4, extending the greater part of the length and
centrally of the width of the superstructure. This rod also carries a bearing, 5, for
a vertical rod, 6, which can be rotated in both directions in such bearing by means
of a hand wheel or removable handle or equivalent means:-the lower part of the
rod, 6, is screwed, and engages with a plate, 7, which on each side is connected by
transverse stays, 8, to two central arched stays, 2, the stays, 8, being hinged or
otherwise equivalently connected to both the plate, 7, and the said stays, 2, as
respectively at, 9, and, 10, The plate is also connected with the outer stays, 2,
by tie rods, 11, the connection being such that the turning of the screwed rod, 6,
sufficiently in the proper direction when the craft is distended, (vide the right hand
half of Fig; 3,) will cause the parts to be collapsed, and to assume the position
shown in the left band half of this Figure, and vice-versá
In the modification illustrated in Figs; 6, to, 8, the lower parts of the arched
stays, 2, are hinged, jointed, or otherwise equivalently connected to an upper
connecting part thereof at the sides of the superstructure as at, 3, and under and
by the bottom of the superstructure (which in this modification is represented as
of a rigid formation, whereas in the modification immediately hereinbefore referred
to it is represented as of a collapsible formation) there is supported a horizontal
longitudinal rod, 6*, the opposite ends of which are respectively formed with right
and left handed screw threads, and which rod can be operated in both directions
by means of gearing, 12, extending into and of a hand-wheel or handle within the
superstructure. Upon the screwed portions of the rod, 6x, there are travellers, 7*,
which are connected to the opposite arched stays, 2, by stays, 8*, which are
connected to the said travellers and to the said stays, 2, by hinged joints or
equivalent connections as respectively at, 9×, and, 10%, and either thrust them out
to their full extent (vide the right hand half of Fig; 6,) when the connections
assume the position shown in full lines in Fig; 9 or close them into their collapsed
position (vide the left hand half of Fig; 6) when the connections assume the

page_text: position shown in dotted lines in such Figure In this arrangement, wherein the
thrust of the screwed rod is towards both ends of the craft, any intermediate
stays, 2, there might be, would follow with the movements of the pontoons.
When in their distended position, the pontoons are kept apart by transverse
stays such as those (8, 8*,) herein before referred to in craft made capable of closing
up or of a collapsible formation; or in craft of a rigid formation (an example of
which is shown in Fig; 2,) this may be effected and the structure sufficiently
strengthened by rigid stays, 13, of a straight or curved formation. These stays,
8, 8, and, 13, or such others as may be used in other modifications, may either
spring from the pontoons, an example of which is shown in Fig; 1, or from the
arched stays, 2, as shown in Figs; 2, 3, and, 6, The stays, 2, and pontoons afford
mutual support to each other, and the former are further braced by the rod or
rods, 3, and by the rods, 10, 10*, which act as joint pins for the connection of the
cross stays, 8, 8*, with the stays, 2, and they may be still further braced or tied
together by the longitudinal battens, 14, or framing of the superstructure, as in
Figs; 1, and, 2, or by quite independent means, serving for holding on and other
purposes, and such as are in part hereinafter referred to, or by other tie-rods or
braces, as may be found requisite for imparting the necessary rigidity and strength
to any particular formation of craft.
The space bounded by the stays, 2, 8, 8*, 13, and by such bracings connecting
them as may be used, or the space between the arched stays and above the level of
the pontoons, may be partly or wholly and for any desired length enclosed above
or below or at the ends by gratings or longitudinal battens, 14, as illustrated in
Figs; 1, and, 2, or by lattice or network, or by sheet metal as illustrated in
Figs; 3, to, 8, or by wood sheathing or other suitable means, or this space may
be utilized for containing longitudinal or other tubes or other compartments
watertight or otherwise, either for holding provisions, or people, or for imparting
additional buoyancy to the craft.
Depending from the arched stays, 2, as in Figs, 3, to, 5, or otherwise arranged
between them or the opposite sides thereof as in Figs; 6, to, 8, and within or partly
within the said enclosed space, but in all cases clear of and above the pontoons,
there is arranged one or more compartments for the reception of rescued persons,
for navigators of the craft, and for the storage, and carrying of any necessary
articles. This compartment (or compartments) may extend the length of the craft,
or may be made of any shorter length or it may be divided by one or more open
or closable transverse gangways or passages, 15, an illustration of one modification
of which is given in Figs, 4, and, 5, or there may be other openings, 16, into the
interior when wholly enclosed as shown in Figs; 6, to, 8, and which openings can
be readily closed by sliding covers, 17. This compartment or receptacle or series
thereof may be made of a rigid formation as illustrated in Figs; 6, to, 8, when its
upper portion is not required to collapse or when no portion of it is required to
collapse, or it may consist of an arrangement equivalent thereto in which an
ordinary boat or one specially formed to be raised and lowered by proper tackle
depending from the stays, 2, may be detachably connected and form the lower part
of such compartment, or when the said upper portion is required to collapse, the
lower portion may be made of any folding closing or collapsible formation, or if
required this space or compartment may be subdivided into separate compartments
or divisions by flexible depending connections, 18, as shown in Fig; 3, or,
equivalent means of supporting rescued persons may be arranged externally of the
arched stays, 2, as illustrated in Figs; 1, and, 2, and in any such formations of
craft suitable recesses may be made between or in the longitudinal extent of the
said battens or gratings, and outer covering when used, for the convenience of
navigators of the craft, or for the reception and safe placing of rescued or partially
disabled persons, and in or against which they may recline or bear, and by means
of which they may support themselves so far as able. In the arrangement
illustrated in Fig; 1, the stays, 2, and, 13, may be connected and strengthened by
rings, 19, which might also be adapted for the reception of the longitudinal tubes

page_text: such as herein before referred to, and which may be put to like uses as are herein
referred to with reference to the compartment or compartments formed within the
said enclosed space. The arrangement shown in Fig; 2, is a modification of that
illustrated in Fig; 1, and represents a rigid superstructure detached from the
pontoons and placed over a ship's skylight, 40, and which may be used in ordinary
times for ordinary purposes of sitting on, but can be readily removed and bolted or
otherwise secured or lashed to the pontoons when required for use in the water; or
by dividing the superstructure longitudinally and centrally of its width the
separate parts can be placed against the bulwarks of the ship and bolted, or
connected temporarily thereto, forming seats, and the detached pontoons might
also be similarly utilized. In such modifications, all fittings depending from the
arched stays are made removable, and the backs of the seats may also be folded
down or removed so as not to impede the light.
On each side of the superstructure I prefer to construct a longitudinal footboard
or platform 20, which may be of rigid formation as illustrated in Fig; 1, of a
detachable formation as illustrated in Fig; 2, or of a collapsible formation as
illustrated in Figs; 3 to 8. Each platform is or may be formed with seats, 21,
and recesses, 22, for navigators of the craft, and with hand rails, 23, and row-
locks 24, and such other means as are or may be necessary for the safety of the
users and for effecting the manual propulsion of the craft.
When the craft is of a collapsible formation, it is preferred that the externally
projecting platforms, 20, should be similarly capable of being closed up, this may
be effected in small craft by the parts being closed up by hand and suitably lashed
or otherwise secured to any convenient part of the superstructure, but in craft of
a size which would not permit of this being effected by hand, the foot-boards or
side platforms and the seats carried by or forming part thereof may be closed up
automatically by the provision of suitable means and connections operated
simultaneously with and by the opening and closing of the said arched stays, 2,
such as by a flexible connection, 25, extending from the lower end of the said
rod, 6, over rollers at the joint, 9, to a part, 26, of the said platform as illustrated
at Fig; 3: or by means needing independent operation, and these latter means
may be so arranged and combined with the superstructure as that a single
actuation of such means will operate both side platforms, or as illustrated in
Figs; 3, to, 5, these means may be so disposed as that each side requires
independent operation. In this Figure, 27, represents rods, extending longitudinally
each side of the superstructure in such a position as that they can be readily
caught hold of for the support of any oue on the platform. Each platform is
centred on one of the longitudinal rods, 10, (which may act as ties to the arched
stays, 2,) and at parts of its length it is provided with metal or other plates, 29,
hinged to it and together, and which fall with the platform into proper position for
use as seats. The platforms may fall on to and be retained by supports projecting
from the stays, 2, (vide Fig; 1, or from the pontoons, or they may be supported by
rods, 30, 31, partaking of their opening and closing movements, or by other
suitable means. On the said rods 27, there are groved pullies, 32, which may be
partly sunk in the arched surface, and these rods can be turned by detachable
winch handles and worm rods and gear, 33, and flexible lines, 34, lead from the
pullies, 32, to the rods, 30, or to other parts of the platforms so than on these
rods, 27, being turned the platforms are raised or lowered as the case may be.
A suitable formation of the connected parts is sufficiently illustrated on the
accompanying drawings as not to require any detailed description, and a
substantially similar arrangement of such parts is illustrated in less detail in
Figs; 6, to, 8. I however do not limit myself to the precise means delineated on
the said drawings for operating such closing up platforms, as other arrangements of
means may be used for the purpose with equal advantage.
There may also be combined with such craft one or more masts of any usual
kind, or masts 35, centred at a convenient part of their length and thus made
capable of being canted or set in angular relation to a vertical plane passing

page_text: "
longitudinally through the craft and provided with proper rigging and tackle.
One modification of this arrangement is illustrated in Fig; 6, where the mast is
centred in a ball and socket connection, 36, supported by the superstructure, and
if necessary by the stays, 2, and this mast can be set in any desired position and
retained there by means of suitable gearing, 41, at its foot thus making it rake to
either side or astern as desired. Another modification is illustrated in Fig; 10,
where the desired adjustment is attained by adjustable stays, 37, and grooved
pullies 38, which always keep such stays taut, the foot of the mast in this as in the
preceding modification being guided by a recessed bed, 39, and I also fit the
improved craft with lee or wave boards, and apply to the inner or outer side
or sides of either or both of the pontoons or elsewhere a fixed or drop keel or
keels, and furnish the pontoons with bilge keels and rubbing lines. There may
also be combined with the craft suitable steering apparatus, and means of
propulsion, so that the craft may sail or be propelled by oars or other like or usual
means of propulsion or by machinery actuated by steam or other motive power.
When specially constructing such craft for the water transport of ordnance,
animals, and heavy merchandise, and for transporting lowering and raising drain
pipes into and from the bed of the sea or a river, provision is made by the addition
of suitable gear for suspending supporting and lowering such heavy weights from
the arched stays.
A novel feature incidental to the improved formation of superstructures of craft
herein described, is that facilities are provided by the peculiar formation of the
covered arched connection between the pontoons for a considerable number of men
reclining or bearing upon it and clinging to its outside surface by means of
gratings, life-lines, or other holdfasts with which it is or would be provided, while
at the same time affording good protection to all who may have been placed within
the internal depending portion or compartment from the violence of the wind and
water, as the superstructure is or may be made to all intents and purposes
hurricane topped" and is well raised above the water.
Another advantage derived from the improved construction of such craft as are
herein described, is that the superstructure is of such a character that the wind will
either pass through it, or be deflected above or below it, when its broadside is
considered, and a minimum resistance is offered by the two ends to both wind and
water, and there is a clear space (excepting the width of the arched or other stays)
broadside of the craft between the pontoons and the superstructure which permits
of the wash of the water between such parts.
Any of the pontoons herein described, or the various watertight compartments of
which they are composed may be fitted with valves for pumping out bilge-water,
or for letting in water to form ballast into central compartments of the pontoons.
I do not limit myself to the proportional scale of the several parts delineated on
the accompanying drawings as the same may obviously be varied so long as they
do not depart from the features of improvement peculiar to the present invention
and so long as they are in accordance with the acknowledged rules of stability.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature and objects of my
said Invention and in what manner the same is to be or may be performed or
carried into practical effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to
be novel and original, and therefore claim as constituting the Invention secured
to me by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is :-
In life-boats, rafts, and analogous floating structures, built upon the catamaran
principle.
1. The combination of a superstructure made collapsible or capable of folding or
closing up and provided with enclosed or partly enclosed compartments as
described, with arched or saddle formed stays supporting the superstructure, and
connecting the pontoons, and hinged or equivalently formed at some part or parts,
so as to allow of the pontoons being brought close together and of the whole craft
being brought into less width for convenience in stowing away when not required

page_text: for use, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
2. The further combination with craft of this formation, of out-lying rigid or
collapsible side platforms, substantially as herein before described with reference
to the accompanying drawings.
LICURE
3. The application to craft of this formation, of the means hereinbefore described
and referred to, or of equivalent means, for opening or distending, and for collapsing
or closing up the pontoons and superstructure; and the said side platforms when
collapsible and applied.
4. The combination of a superstructure not collapsible but provided with
enclosed or partly enclosed compartments as aforesaid, with arched or saddle
formed stays supporting the superstructure, and connecting the pontoons, and
hinged or equivalently formed as aforesaid for the purpose of allowing of the
pontoons being brought close together, substantially as herein before described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
5. The further combination with craft of this formation, of out-lying rigid or
collapsible side platforms, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
the accompanying drawings.
6. The application to craft of this formation, of the means hereinbefore described
and referred to, or of equivalent means, for opening or distending, and collapsing
or closing up the pontoons, and said side platforms when collapsible and applied.
7. The combination of a rigid superstructure formed with seats externally of the
arched stays and arranged towards the broadside, and which superstructure may be
either divisible or non-divisible, with rigid arched or saddle formed stays supporting
such superstructure, and connecting the pontoons, and with side platforms, when
such parts are arranged and combined substantially as hereinbefore described.
8. The formation of the superstructures of such craft of a rigid or collapsible
formation with enclosed or partly enclosed compartments, and external recesses,
hold-fasts, life-lines, and like safety appliances, in the several novel and improved
methods and for the purposes herein before described.
9. The combination with such craft of any modification or construction herein-
before claimed, of masts capable of being canted or made to rake to either side
or as may be desired, of lee or wave boards, and of a fixed or drop keel or keels,
substantially as hereinbefore described.
In Witness whereof, I, the said Francis Wentworth Brewster, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this 29th day of July, in the year of our Lord, One thousand,
eight hundred, and eighty four.
Witness.
CHARLES AUBREY DAY, Fel Inst. P.A.
Patent Office
321, High Holborn
London. W.C.
F. W. BREWSTER. (L.S.)