CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING OR TWISTING COTTON, FLAX, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1834

page_text: DE BERGUE, of Clapham, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fifteenth day of November, in the fifth year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Charles de Bergue, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Charles de Bergue, my exors, admors, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Charles de Bergue, my exors, admors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR SPINNING OR TWISTING COTTON, FLAX, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Charles de
Bergue, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His said
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and
by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles de Bergue, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention of
Certain Improvements in Machinery for Spinning or Twisting Cotton, Flax,

page_text: Silk, and other Fibrous Substances, to consist in an improved arrangement
and construction in that part of a throstle or similar spinning or twisting
machine by which the rotatory motion is imparted to the spindle, spool, or in
some cases to the flyer of such machines. And the manner in which the same
is to be performed and carried into effect will be more clearly seen by
reference to the annexed Drawing, in which Figure 1 represents an end view
of our description of throstle known by the name of the Danforth Throtle;
Figures 2, 3, and 4, front views of parts of the same machine; and Figures 5, 6,
7, 8, and 9, plans and elevations of detached parts, for the purpose of shewing
more clearly the nature of my Invention. The whole of these Figures are
drawn to a scale, and the various letters and figures of reference used in the
Drawing indicate the same parts throughout.
In Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, which represent elevations of the throstle, most
of the ordinary parts of the machine are delineated to shew the position in
which my improvements are applied. In these Figures A represent the
driving pully of the machine, which receives motion by means of a strap in
the ordinary manner. From the shaft on which the pulley A is placed motion
is conveyed to the front roller and other parts of the machine; but instead of
carrying a tin cylinder, from which motion is imparted to the spools or bobbins
on which the yarn is placed, in this description of throstle the shaft is provided
with the bevil wheel B, and the tin drum or cylinder entirely dispensed with;
the wheel B gears into another bevil b, which is keyed on a perpendicular
shaft C, placed about the centre of the machine. The upper part of the
perpendicular shaft C carries the pulley or warve D, which is provided with
two grooves, round which are passed an endless band d, d, d, d, the course of
which will be best seen at Figures 5 and 6, in which the arrow c indicates the
course and motion of the band which leaves the upper groove of the pulley C,
as seen at Figure 6. The band d, d, thence proceeds round the tightening
pulley E, and along the whole length of the frame, being pressed into the
grooves of each warve marked e by means of the pressing pullies marked f
which are adjusted for this purpose as herein-after explained. Following the
course of this endless band d, d, d, d, after it has passed the whole length of one
side of the frame, it will be seen to press over the guide pulley F, and thence
return to the lower groove of the pulley D, as indicated by the arrow g,
passing round the pulley D. The band d, d, d, d, proceeds to the opposite
side of the frame in the direction of the arrow g', round the guide pulley F¹,
and along the opposite row of spindles the whole length of the machine,
till it arrives at the guide pulley E', from which it returns back in the
direction of the arrow g² to the upper groove of the pulley D, from whence it

page_text: proceeds towards the tightening pulley E, as already described. This band
d, d, d, d, is kept in a state of tension by means of the tightening pulley E,
which moves in a slot, and is provided with a small counterweight d', best seen
at Figure 2, and the revolution of the pulley C being in the direction of the
arrow on its periphery, it will be obvious that the slack parts of the band
d, d, d, d, will be nearest the tightening pulley E and the guide pulley F.
To obviate this slack or varying tension of the driving band d, d, d, d, the
pressing warves are supported on studs, which are adjustable in slots, as seen
in Figure 7, so that the pullies admit of being advanced towards or receded
from the band d, d, d, d, and thereby increase or diminish the amount of
pressure upon it, or the variation of pressure may be effected by the studs on
which the warves marked fare placed, being fixed on a bar or rail, which rail
is made to adjust by means of slots, as seen at Figure 9, so as to increase or
diminish the pressure against the band d, d, d, d. The pressing pullics
marked, together with the driving pulley D, are made as light as convenient,
the exact form of the pulley f being represented in section and full size at
Figure 8, and the position of these pressing pullies is shewn at Figure 5. The
weight which governs the tightening pulley E is about four pounds for the
number of pullies there represented, but may be varied as needful. And in
this Figure it will be remarked that the band d, d, d, d, assumes a straighter
direction, or presses less on the warve to be driven, as it proceeds towards the
guide pulley F, and on the opposite side of the machine as it proceeds towards
the guide pulley E', which is on both sides of the machine the leading or tight
end of the band d, d, d, d. In driving the warves of the spinning or twisting
machinery by means of this arrangement, I have generally preferred using a
band, the size of ordinary drum band, but plaited instead of twisted, and not
being limited to the speed of the double groove pulley D. The warves on
the spindles or spools of machines of this description may be increased in
diameter, and the friction thereby decreased. The advantages which present
themselves are as follows,-the saving of power, inasmuch as the driving
band d, d, d, d, can be adjusted with sufficient pressure to drive the spindles,
and no more; whereas, in the ordinary way of driving machines of this nature
by a number of bands, some may be too tight, and some too slack. This
circumstance also enables me to regulate the twist on every bobbin with
much greater certainty; for when once the pressing warves and weight of
tightening pulley are properly adjusted, the revolution of each bobbin must
remain the same, and the loss of time which takes place in replacing of ordi-
nary bands is obviated, and the wear and tear greatly diminished. Together
with these advantages, the dispensing with the tin driving drum produces less

page_text: air, and the vibration of the frame is much diminished, at the same time that
it may be built much narrower if required. In cleaning also, the open
arrangement of parts in a machine of this construction enables the hands to go
under with the greatest safety while the machine is running. The importance
of these advantages over the ordinary mode of driving the warves of machinery
of this description are well known to spinners and persons conversant with
this description of machinery; and although I have only shewn the mode of
applying my Invention to one description of machine, the slight modification
which may be required in applying it to other machines of this class, and
which depend on the nature and construction of such machine, will be easily
arranged by any competent workman or person conversant with the subject.
Having now described the nature of my Invention of Certain Improve-
ments in the Machinery for Spinning or Twisting Cotton, Silk, Flax, and
other Fibrous Substances, and the manner in which the same is to be
performed and carried into effect, together with the advantages which arise
from the application of such improvement to spinning and twisting machines,
I would remark that I am fully aware that a series of spindles have already
been driven by a continuous band passing in succession round the warve of
cach respective spindle, and also that spindles have in other machines been
placed in curved positions for the purpose of being driven by a band or strap
impinging on one side of the warve; yet the arrangement herein-before
described differing in many essential points from such well-known arrange-
ments, I hereby declare that I do not claim any separate or distinct part of
the machinery or apparatus herein-before described. But I do claim as my
Invention the combination and arrangement of such parts by which a series of
spindle warves or other warves or tubes for spinning or twisting cotton, silk,
flax, and other fibrous substances, placed in a straight line, or driven or
revolved by the motion of an endless band, strap, list, or cord, impinging on
one side of such warves or tubes, the pressure of such band against the
respective warves being governed and determined by the position of inter-
mediate pressing pullies, as already described. And such my Invention
being, to the best of my knowledge and belief, never before applied or used:
in any machine for the purpose of spinning or twisting cotton, silk, flax, or
other fibrous substance, I hereby deliver this as my true and faithful Specifica-
tion of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles de Bergue, have hereunto st my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-five.
.
(L.s.) C. DE BERGUE.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Tenth day of March, in the year
of our Lord 1835, the aforesaid Charles de Bergue came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Second day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and thirty-five.