IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEEL HUBS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of 67 Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
WHEEL HUBS, a communication to me from abroad by Jared Maris, of Columbus,
in the County of Franklin and State of Ohio, United States of America, Editor,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The invention relates to improvements in vehicle hubs the object being to
provide a metal band around the hub, with openings through the central part
of the band to receive the spokes, preferably the full size or nearly full size, and
the band provided with longitudinal inside radially-projecting ribs that will adinit
of the large tenon of the spokes extending to the bottom of the rib. A further
object is to arrange smaller mortises in the hub below the opening between the
said metal ribs, to receive the smaller tenons of the spokes. A further object is to
provide longitudinal grooves in the hub from the rear forward to fit the ribs of the
band, and by means of which the band may be forced on to the hub from the rear,
and leaving the hub, except when recessed for the spokes, the full size that the
band will receive. A further object being to provide means for securely fastening
the spokes to the hub, whereby all danger of the spokes working loose either from
shrinkage or otherwise, is obviated.
With these objects in view the invention consists in certain features of construc÷
tion, and in combination of parts hereinafter described, and pointed out in the
claims.
1
In the accompanying drawings, Fig 1 is an elevation of the improved hub.
Fig 2 is. an elevation of a wooden hub with the metal band removed. Fig 3 is
a view in perspective of the metal band. Fig 4 is a transverse section of the hub
and band in position. Fig is a view in transverse vertical section of a hub
showing the compressed tenons therein. Fig 6 is a similar view of a slightly
'modified form. Fig 7 is a perspective view of a hub the shell band of which is
constructed without ribs. Figs 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 show different forms of
spoke tenons Fig 14 is a view in side' elevation of a spoke tenon before the same
is compressed, and Fig 15 is a similar view of the same after compressiou,

page_text: A represents a metal band, provided with the openings a for receiving the
spokes. These openings, as shown, are large, so as to receive the spokes full size,
or nearly so. The division walls between this opening extend inward radially,
forming ribs a¹, that furnish firm support for the large part of the spokes. The
spokes are preferably "staggered," so called, but may be set in line, if preferred,
and of course the openings are arranged accordingly.
B represents the hub, that is made the full size that the band A will receive,
and is grooved longitudinally, as shown at b, to receive the ribs a¹ of the band A,
that is placed in position on the hub from the rear end of the hub. Small
mortises b' are made in the hub central with the openings a laterally, but preferably
of the same length as the latter. The wood is cut away-that is, the hub sized
down so that no wood is left between the ribs where the spokes enter. The
mortise 61 may be made so as to have a square shoulder to fit the spokes shown
in Fig 8, or with converging walls to fit a spoke similar to that shown in Figs 9
or 10 as may be preferred.
It will be observed that there is no outwardly-projecting flanges that give a hub
such a clumsy appearance; but in place thereof the inwardly-projecting ribs serve
the purpose of receiving and rigidly supporting the spokes at or nearly the full
size and to a considerable distance, while leaving the hub with that graceful outline
so desirable in carriage-wheels.
•
The
The spokes C shown in Figs 11 to 15 are provided at their inner ends with the
double tenons c¹ c the former of which is slightly larger than the sockets a.
tenons c can be of the shapes shown in Figs 11, 12 and 13, or instead of projecting
at the opposite ends as shown in said figures, can be made larger transversely as
shown in Fig 14, or they can be enlarged in both directions if desired. The smaller
tenons c can also be enlarged either sidewise edgewise or both, and as before stated,
are, in their normal conditions, larger than their corresponding sockets or mortises b².
These tenons just before they are inserted into their respective sockets, are
compressed either by a press or other device until they are reduced in size
sufficiently to permit them to be driven into position. After they are driven home
the tenons expand and the larger tenons ci take under the edges of the band A
and form a strong, tight and compact union between the parts which prevents the
possibility of the spokes becoming loosened.
This band (when employed with the compressed spokes) can be without ribs as
shown in Fig 7, or they can be provided with inwardly projecting ribs a¹ arranged
longitudinally between the spoke openings as shown in Figs 3, 5 and 6. These
ribs are preferably wedge shape in cross section and their side faces can be perfectly
plane as shown in Fig 5, or they can be undercut as shown in Fig 6. In this
latter instance the outer or larger tenons in swelling fill up the under cut portions
of the rib and lock the spokes in place.
It is not absolutely necessary that both tenons c' and c be made larger than their
respective sockets and afterwards compressed, as a compression of one of the tenons
and subsequent expansion thereof will answer the purpose in many instances.
I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the use of the
compressed spoke tenons to a shell band having inwardly projecting ribs, as I can
employ ordinary or non compressed spoke tenon with the band having the ribs.
Nor do I confine the use of a compressed spoke tenon to a band with the ribs as
shown in Figs 5 and 6 as they can be used without the ribs as shown in Fig 7.
Neither do I confine myself to the exact details in construction shown and described
but consider myself at liberty to make such changes as fairly fall within the spirit
and scope of this invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
ر
1. The combination with a wooden hub, provided with spoke-mortises, of a
metal band sun:] L
11

page_text: the spokes, said ribs being arranged relative to the spoke-mortises, to provide a
seat on the sides of each mortise for shoulders on the mortised ends of the spokes,
substantially as set forth.
2. The combination with a wooden hub, of a metal band having spoke openings,
and provided with longitudinal ribs on its inner surface, that extend inwardly
their full width within the circles described by one or both ends of the bands,
substantially as set forth.
3. A metal band provided with spoke openings, and on its inner side with
inwardly-projecting ribs, that form extended inner bearings for the spokes, said
band being constructed to snugly fit upon the hub, and the ribs to extend radially
inward beyond the outer surface of the hub, substantially as set forth.
4. In a vehicle wheel the combination with a hub having double sockets therein
and a band or shell surrounding the hub, of spokes having double tenons on their
inner ends, the outer or larger tenons of which are compressed before they are
inserted in their sockets.
5. In a vehicle wheel the combination with a hub having double sockets therein
and a band surrounding the hub, of spokes having double tenons on the inner ends
which latter are larger than their respective sockets, and are compressed before
they are inserted in their sockets, substantially as set forth.
6. In a vehicle hub, the combination with a hub having double sockets therein
and a band surrounding the hub and provided with inwardly projecting longitudinal
ribs forming the side walls of the outer series of sockets, spokes having double
tenoned inner ends which latter are larger than their respective sockets and are
compressed before they are inserted in their sockets.
7. In a vehicle wheel the combination with a hub having sockets therein and a
band surrounding the hub and provided with inwardly projecting longitudinal
ribs, the inner faces of which are slightly undercut, of spokes secured in said
sockets.
8. In a vehicle wheel, the combination with a hub having sockets therein, and
a band surrounding the hub and provided with inwardly projecting longitudinal
ribs, of spokes having tenons thereon which latter are larger than their corresponding
sockets, and are compressed before they are inserted in said sockets.