IMPROVEMENTS ROLLING AND SHAPING METALS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Gray at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th January
1867.
I, WILLIAM GRAY, of the Firm of Charles Gray and Sons. of Saint
Phillip's Works, Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
ROLLING AND SHAPING
METALS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of rolls
for rolling steel, wrought iron, or other metals, whereby a grooved and ribbed
surface is produced upon the metals bars rolled thereby.
According to this Invention it is proposed to employ a steel disc or roll
having a series of teeth or ribbed projections on its periphery, which teeth
may be disposed either parallel to the axis of the disc or roll, in which case it
would somewhat resemble an ordinary spur wheel, or the teeth or ribbed pro-

page_text: jections may be disposed at any desired angle, somewhat after the fashion of
what is known as a worm wheel, according to the purposes to which the
roller bars or articles are to be applied. On the corresponding or opposite
roll of the pair an annular groove is made into which the toothed steel disc or
roll above mentioned works; the bar to be rolled being inserted into this
groove between the toothed periphery of the steel disc or roll and the bottom
of the groove, which may be plane or otherwise. In order to afford facility
.for changing or renewing the toothed steel disc or roll I prefer to make it
moveable from the main body of the roll, for which purpose a shoulder is
formed upon the body of the roll, and a key is also provided which enters a
corresponding keyway made in the moveable steel disc or roll, so that when
the latter is adjusted in its place upon the body of the roll and against the
shoulder it is prevented from slipping round; it is maintained in its place
against the shoulder by a moveable collar, which is also slipped on to the
body of the roll and held in its place by set screws.
It is obvious that this peculiar construction of rolls may be employed in the
rolling of bars for various purposes, such, for example, as the beaters of
thrashing machines, racks for lathes, and other machinery, and toothed rims
for facing gearing wheels for machinery of all kinds. When the bar to be
rolled requires to receive any special form before having the teeth or alternate
ribs and grooves rolled thercon a special groove is provided in the rolls
employed for that purpose, for example, when rolling the beaters of thrashing
machines the bar is first passed through a groove of the desired contour of the
section of the bar, and is then transferred to the toothed steel disc or roll,
whereby the beater is entirely completed by one machine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Gray in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
July 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, WILLIAM
GRAY, of the Firm of Charles Gray and Sons, of Saint Phillip's Works,
Sheffield, in County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Gray, Her special license that 1, the said William Gray,

page_text: my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Gray, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend. within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "INFROVE-
MENTS IN ROLLING AND SHAPING METALS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
William Gray, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Ollice
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Gray, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being. had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:
My said Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
rolls and steel discs for rolling steel, wrought iron, or other metals, whereby a
grooved and ribbed surface is produced upon the steel or wrought-iron bars
rolled thereby. According to this Invention it is proposed to employ a steel
dise or roll having a series of teeth or ribbed projections on its periphery,
which teeth may be disposed either parallel to the axis of the disc or roll, in
which case it would somewhai resemble an ordinary spur wheel, or the teeth
or ribbed projections may be disposed at any desired angle somewhat after the
fashion of what is known as a worm wheel, according to the purposes to which
the rolled bars or articles are to be applied. On the corresponding or opposite
roll of the pair an annular groove is made, into which the toothed steel disc
or roll above mentioned works, the bar to be rolied being inserted into this
groove between the toothed periphery of the steel disc or roll and the bottom
of the groove, which may be plain or otherwise. In order to afford facility
for changing or renewing the toothed steel disc or roll prefer to make it
removeable from the main body of the roll, for which purpose a shoulder is
formed upon the body of the roll, and a key is also provided which enters a
corresponding keyway made in the moveable steel disc or roll, so that when
the latter is adjusted in its place upon the body of the roll and against the
shoulder it is prevented from slipping round; it is maintained in its place

page_text: against the shoulder by a moveable collar, which is also slipped on to the
body of the roll, and held in its place by set screws. It is obvious that this
peculiar construction of rolls may be employed in the rolling of bars for various
purposes, such, for example, as the beaters of thrashing machines, racks for
lathes, and other machinery, and toothed rims for facing gearing wheels for
machinery of all kinds, and for rolling bars of iron or steel to be made into
hexagon nuts for screws and bolts. When the bar to be rolled requires to
receive any special form before having the teeth or alternate ribs and grooves
rolled thereon a special groove is provided in the rolls employed for that
purpose. For example, when rolling the beaters of thrashing machines the
bar is first passed through a groove of the desired contour of the section of the
bar, and is then transferred to the toothed steel disc or roll, whereby the
beater is entirely completed by one machine.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose I shall
refer to the several Figures on the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure of my Drawings is an end view of a frame of rolls fixed together
complete for work, and arranged for rolling indented or toothed bars or
beaters for thrashing machines; Figure 2 is a front view of the same, and the
rest of the Figures are various details, which I shall herein-after more fully
refer to.
A, A, are the main standards or frames which support the upper roll B with
its steel disc C and removable collar D, as well as the lower roll E. The
necks or journals of these two rolls revolve in brasses or bearings F, F, one
of which is shown detached at Figure 3. The periphery of the steel disc is
variously shaped according to the purposes to which the rolled and indented
wrought-iron or steel bars are to be applied. For example. Figure 4 represents
an edge and side view of a steel disc intended for rolling toothed beater bars
for thrashing machines, a portion of a right and left bar rolled thereby being
shown at Figure 5.
Figure 6 represents an edge and side view of a disc suitable for rolling
indented bars, for facing cog wheels, or for racks, an example of such bar
being shown at Figure 7; and Figure 8 represents an edge and side
elevation of an intended steel disc for rolling bars to be made into hexagon
nuts an example of such bar being shown at Figure 9.
These steel discs C are made loose so as to be readily fitted on to and
removed from the roll, a keyway a being cut in the disc, and a corresponding
key fitted on the roll, as will be clearly shown on referring to the detail

page_text: elevation of the top roll B, Figure 10. The disc is held in its place by a
removeable collar D (see Figure 11), which is also provided with a keyway a¹
to fit the key b. this collar being made fast by set screws at b. The steel
disc fits accurately and revolves in a groove G made in the bottom roll E.
and in some cases I provide the top roll B with a groove H, when a bar of a
special form or section is to be produced before indenting it, as in the case of
beater bars for thrashing machines, for which the groove H. Figures 2 and 10,
is adapted. I is the "puller off" from the rolls, shewn in detail end view
and sectional elevation at Figure 12. On passing a properly heated bar of
the required dimensions between the steel disc C and the roll E it will accord
ing to the form of disc receive a series of indentations and projections on one
surface, which will be either oblique, as required for the beaters of thrashing
machines (Figure 5), or at right angles to the length of the bar if intended as
a rack or a toothed rim for refacing spur gearing (Figure 7), or the bar may
be indented on both surfaces, as shewn at Figure 9, if intended to be broken
up into hexagon nuts. In this latter case, and in similar cases wherein the
bars require to be indented on both sides, it will be found necessary to attach
spur wheels to the machine at the end of the rolls in order to adjust the speed
of both the rolls, as in such instances a steel disc will have to be applied to
both the top and bottom roll, the bottom roll being similar to that used at the
top, and shown at Figure 10; this will be required when the machine is used
for the shaping of bars to be used for hexagon nuts for screws and bolts, in
which case care should be taken that the points or apices of the projections on
the top and bottom discs exactly correspond or coincide with each other so as
to nip or indent the bar above and below simultaneously and in the same
vertical plane. When special sections of bars are required, as in the case of
beaters for thrashing machines, the bar is first passed through the groove H in
the top roll B, and then transferred to the indenting disc, thus completing the
process of rolling the indented bar in one machine. The rolls B and E may
also, if desired, be removeable from their shafts, whereby facility is afforded
for changing them according to the particular forms of bars to be produced,
whilst economy in wear and tear is effected. If desired, the steel disc may be
provided with cheeks or side flanges, so as to form a groove or channel therein,
the bottom of which is indented or toothed, as described, in which modification
a plain roll in lieu of a grooved one may be employed in conjunction with such
disc.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that what I consider to be novel

page_text: and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First, the application and use to and in the rolling of toothed or indented
bars suitable for beaters for thrashing machines. lathe racks. facing rims for
spur and other gearing, and for the production of rolled bars for hexagon nuts.
of an indented steel disc or roll in combination with a grooved or plain roll, or
with a second indented steel disc arranged and operating substantially as
herein-before described.
Second, the making of such indented or toothed steel disc or discs
removeable from the shaft or main body of the roll, as and for the purpose
herein-before described.
Third, the combination in one frame or rolling mill or machine of a pair of
Trolls shaped so as to produce the required section of bar with an indented
steel disc and roll for producing the required indentations in the bar. whereby
the operation of rolling indented or toothed bars of any section may be com-
pleted in one machine, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof. I. the said William Gray. have to this my Specifi-
cation set my hand and seal, the Fifteenth day of July, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-seven.
WILLIAM GRAY. (L.S.)