IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND WHEEL CARRIAGES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Taylor, of Birkenhead, Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND WHEEL
CARRIAGES."
Sealed the 28th December 1860, and dated the 29th June 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION; left by the said James Taylor at the.
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th June 1860.
I, JAMES TAYLOR, of Birkenhead, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND WHEEL
CARRIAGES," to be as follows:--
This Invention relates to certain improvements in those descriptions of
locomotive or portable steam engines now generally denominated "traction
engines," and in the trucks or other carriages to be used in connection there-
with, being chiefly further improvements upon an Invention patented by m:
on the 13th day of November 1858, the number whereof is 2518.
In my previous Patent I have shower and described engines having four
wheels, two leading and guiding wheels, and two following, bearing and
driving wheels.
.

page_text: So much of my present Invention as relates to the engine consists. firstly,
in making or constructing them with either three or four wheels, and instead
of the smaller wheel or wheels employed for steering or directing being in
advance of the larger driving wheels, they are in the rear; the driving wheels.
which are of large diameter. being suitably disposed for supporting the load,
and going before the guiding or directing wheel or wheels, whilst the steers-
man and the steering wheel or apparatus may either be placed in the fore or
in the after part of the engine, as may be most convenient. In constructing
engines with three wheels I form a frame for receiving the short axle, and
interpose india-rubber or other springs therein and between the axle bearing
sliding therein and the top of each guide or frame, and instead of connecting
such frame to the under side of a ring or kerb formed of angle iron, working
into or against another ring or kerb, and by forming a groove is made to
contain the means of constantly lubricating and also of steadying, whilst it
admits of the wheel freely revolving. A rack around the periphery of the
wheel plate or steering apparatus permits of sufficient power being readily
applied. I apply india springs either above or below the axle boxes of the
driving and bearing wheels, and I rotate or give motion to them by gearing
placed either at one of the sides, or at the top, or at the bottom of car!
driving wheel. I prefer to employ one of the plans of gearing or means of
separating rotating the driving wheels, as described in my former Patent, as
being most convenient for that purpose.
When construct trucks or other carriages intended to be formed into a
Iram, and drawn by a steam or other engine, or by other means. whether such
trucks or carriages be on three or four wheels, I so construct them and arrange
the steering apparatus as to insure their following in track. For this purpose
I take a tail lever or tiller bar from the front of the fore or leading wheel or
wheels, and place it between two horns or studs projecting from the top or the
bottom side of the hind axle of the preceding axle; thus on the first truck
turning to the right or to the left. the studs or horns cause the tail lever or
tiller to be correspondingly acted on. The trucks are coupled together by
means of links or hooks. When the trucks or carriages have three wheels
only, support and arrange the single wheel with a wheel plate or rings in a
manner somewhat similar to the single wheel of the engine. With this
steering arrangement and mode of connecting, a perfect pivoting is insured.
and a correct vermicular action can be obtained throughout a train composed
of any number of trucks or carriages.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th December 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
TAYLOR, of Birkenhead, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Taylor, Her special licence that I, the said James Taylor,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
James Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND WHEEL CARRIAGES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said James Taylor, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Taylor, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying four Sheets of Drawings:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in those descriptions of
locomotive or portable steam engines now generally demominated "traction
engines," and in the trucks or other carriages to be used in connection there-
with, being chicfly further improvements upon an Invention patented by me
on the Thirteenth day of November, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
cight, the number whereof is 2548.
In my previous Patent I have shewn and described engines having four
wheels, two leading and guiding wheels, and two following. bearing and
driving wheels.
So much of my present Invention as relates to the engines consists, firstly,

page_text: in making or constructing them with either three or four wheels, and instead
of the smaller wheel or wheels employed for steering or directing being in
advance of the larger driving wheels, they are in the rear, the driving wheels,
which are of large diameter, being suitably disposed for supporting the load.
and going before the guiding or directing wheel or wheels. whilst the steersman
and the wheel or apparatus may either be placed in the fore or in the after
part of the engine, as may be most convenient, or by suitable connections the
engine may be steered from either end. In constructing engines with three
wheels form a frame for receiving the short axle, and interpose india-rubber
or other springs therein, and between the axle bearing, sliding therein, and
the top of each guide or frame: and instead of connecting or securely fixing
such frame to the under side of a ring or kerb formied of an angle iron, working
into or against another ring or kerb. by forming a groove it is made to
contain the means of constantly lubricating and also of steadying the carriage.
whilst it admits of the wheel freely revolving. A rack around or partially around
the periphery of the wheel plate or steering apparatus, or fixed to the
frame of the engine, permits of sufficient power being readily applied. I apply
india-rubber springs either above or below the axle boxes of the driving and
bearing wheels, and I rotate or give motion to them by gearing placed either
at one of the sides, or at the top. or at the bottom of each driving wheel. I
prefer to employ one of the plans of gearing or means of separately rotating
the driving wheels, as described in my former Patent.as being most convenient
for that purpose.
When construct trucks or other carriages intended to be formed into a
train, and drawn by a steam or other engine, or by other means. whether such
trucks or carriages be on three or on four wheels, 1 so construct them and
arrange the steering apparatus as to ensure their following in track. For this
purpose I take a tail lever or tiller bar from the front of the fore or leading
wheel or wheels, and place it between two horns or studs projecting from the
top or the bottom side of the hind axle of the preceding truck: thus, on the
first truck turning to the right or to the left, the studs or horns cause the tail
lever or tiller to be correspondingly acted on. The trucks are coupled together
ans of links or hooks. When the trucks or carriages have three wheels
only support and arrange the single wheel with a whed plate or rings in a
manner somewhat similar to the single wheel of the engine. With this
steering arrangement and mode of connecting, a perfect pivoting is ensured, and
a correct vermicular action can be obtained throughout a train composed of
any number of trucks or carriages.
The face of the driving wheels, instead of having projecting arms or othe

page_text: similar provision, as contained in my former Patent, I either hoop the wheels
with one or more central projecting hoops of any convenient strength, or such
hoops may be placed on the outer sides or extremities of the driving wheels,
the circumference or surrounding surface of which may be of cast iron, having
recesses of L, Z, or other convenient formed cored therein.
In the Specification and Drawings of my previous Patent I have referred
to and shewn traction engines of considerable power intended to draw
considerable loads contained in one or more trucks, and have also provided
machinery or apparatus for hauling and warping by means of ropes and
chains, and for raising and lowering goods or heavy bodies by means of a gib,
derrick, or outrigger supported by or upon the "traction engine," the winding
machinery or gear being a part of the portable or traction engine, but in engines
constructed according to my present Invention the same provisions may be
made, although in Figures 1, 2, and 3, I have shewn only the barrel and
winding portion of such arrangement, whilst Figures 11, 12, and 13 of the
accompanying Drawings exhibit arrangements specially suited for lifting or
otherwise moving and transporting goods and heavy bodies which have been
operated upon by means of the steam machinery or engine power, mounted upon
the truck or framework, supported upon wheels capable of working either upon
a plain surface, edge rails, or other forms of railway bars or tram plates, and to
which rotary motion is communicated by means of the steam engine through
the gearing or differential motion, one form of which is shewn in Figure 13 on
Sheet 1, where it is combined with a winding drum as a third power, to be
made easily available by shifting wheels (as at a), and upon the upper side of
the frame or truck, as shewn at Figures 11 and 12, is a metal kerb, circular
sill, or sole plate for receiving the steam engine and machinery. The Figures
just referred to also shew one of the modes which I prefer to employ for the
purpose of connecting the axles and wheels, and giving motion thereto.
In the accompanying Sheets of Drawings, Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4, hereunto
annexed for the purpose of illustrating my present Invention, I have shewn
some of the modes or methods in which I prefer to construct locomotive or
traction engines, as also the trucks or carriages to be used in connection with
the same, as also portable or moveable engines or machines mounted upon
trucks capable of self-moving, and intended to be employed for performing
some of the objects herein set forth.
Whether such engines or apparatus be employed for lifting goods or other
weights from off a truck which has been drawn or set in motion thereby, or
from off a quay wall, wharf, or platform, or from any fixed or moveable body,

page_text: such modification of locomotive or portable engines being more particularly
suited to the loading and unloading of ships, the removal of goods, machinery,
and other articles in detached masses from one place to another, and from one
level to another, and such last-mentioned machinery or apparatus being either
employed to move on rails, tramplates, or other prepared road.
Sheets 1, 2, and 3 illustrate that portion of my Patent relating to the
engines themselves, and Sheet 4 is illustrative of that part or portion of my
Patent relating to trucks or carriages to be employed in conjunction there-
with, and also self-moving trucks intended to be employed for performing
some of the objects herein set forth, the same letters of reference being
employed in the respective Figures of cach Sheet to denote like or corre-
sponding parts.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a side elevational view, partly in section, of a
locomotive or traction engine having four wheels, viz., two large or driving
wheels, and two guiding or steering wheels of small diameter, the two large or
driving wheels being the leading wheels, and working in advance of the small
or guiding wheels, this being, as herein-before stated, one of the distinctive
peculiarities of my present Invention, as engines constructed in accordance
with my previous Patent (the number of which is 2548/58) have the smaller
or guiding and steering wheels driven in advance of the larger wheels. as has
uniformly been the case in traction engines hitherto constructed and worked.
The other distinguishing constructive features of locomotive or traction engines
according to my present Invention, and of which the Figure at present under
description is one of the views, have already been herein set forth.
Two
portions of the external side framing of the engine shewn in Figure 1 are
removed therefrom, the better to enable some of the driving gear and other
portions of the engine to be seen. The chief portions, however, are shewn in
dotted lines, and the constructive features of the machinery or working parts
may thus readily be traced.
Figure 2, Sheet 2, is an end elevational view, partly in section, of the
engine shewn in Figure 1, looking from the fore end of the engine towards
the rear extremity thereof, the portion shewn to the right hand of the vertical
central dotted line being in section, the cutting plane passing through one of
the driving wheel guards to the fire-box end of the boiler.
Figure 3, Sheet 3, is a sectional plan view of the engine of which Figures
and 2 are respectively side and end elevations, taken on horizontal planes
passing at different levels from the sides of the engine towards the horizontal
central dotted line thereof. This view shews very clearly all the constructive

page_text: and working details of a locomotive or traction engine in accordance with my
present Invention, and which more especially illustrates the various and
important improvements which I have made upon my previous Patent
hercin-before referred to.
Figure 4 is a detached part plan view of the rear end of a locomotive or
traction engine according to my present Invention, having only three wheels,
viz., two large or driving wheels, and a third, or guiding and steering wheel,
of small diameter as a following wheel, for in this, as in other engines con-
structed according to my present Invention, the larger wheels are invariably
the leading wheels or wheels working in advance.
Figure 5 is a view, half in clevation, half in section, of the rear end of a
three-wheel'd engine, shewing the manner in which I introduce springs for
the purpose of supporting the weight of the engine, and taking off the effects
of concussion. In this view, as in the others, I have shewn india-rubber
springs, which I prefer to employ between the fore and following axles and
the superimposed load, whether for traction engines, or for following or self-
moving trucks.
Figure 6 is a detached side elevational view of the rear extremity of a
three-wheel'd engine, shewing generally a similar arrangement to that shewn
at Figure 5. but the india-rubber springs are in this case disposed one above
and one below the axle of the small or guiding wheel.
In the views Figures 4. 5. and 6. Sheet 3, illustrating the mode of con-
structing the guiding wheel end of portable or traction engines constructed
according to my Invention. and exhibiting the arrangements for steering,
that part of my Invention relating to the mode of connecting and securing the
single wheel and its axle, whilst ensuring freedom of rotation against the angle
iron ring or opening in the frame at the steering end of the engine, is provided
for, and the hemispherical dome or covering to the wheel, and the means of
giving motion thereto for the purpose of guiding the engine, are respectively
shewn, and as in Figures 5 and 6 the steersman's seat is shewn mounted
upon the dome, together with the steering wheel, so that the position of the
steersman is uniformly preserved in the direction which the guiding wheel is
caused to make. the segmental rack being in these views attached to the
framing of the engine, whilst the dome, the circular channelled groove, the
steering standard, gearing, and hand wheel, and the steerman's seat. are caused
to move together, and independent of the framing of the engine, the weight of
which is carried and supported by the circular channelled groove surrounding
the lower edge of the dome.

page_text: For the sake of variation, I have shewn the application of this part of my
Invention to an ordinary form of carriage moving forward in the ordinary way,
or the small wheels first, but by changing the position of the rack and steering
pedestal and hand wheel to the opposite side, the steersman would be able to
look forward in the direction of motion in engines working according to my
present Invention, with the large or driving wheels in advance, and as
indicated by the arrow in Figures 4 and 6.
The arrangements for steering from either end of the engine, or from both
ends thereof at the same time, is shewn in Figures 1 and 3, where the steering
arrangement is adapted to a four-wheel'd engine.
In the several Figures, Sheets 1 to 3 inclusive. A. A, are the steam
cylinders, fixed to the framing of the engine in a horizontal position; B, the
intermediate or first-motion shaft, having upon each extremity a disc b.
provided with a projecting stud or pin c (forming a overhanging or half
crank); d. d. the connecting rods; C, C', C, spur and wheel pinions mounted
upon shaft B, provided with the arrangement of clutches and lever handles, as
shewn, for the purpose of throwing in and out of gear the various parts of the
machinery, as may be required. The wheel and pinions C, C'. C³, gear into
the spur wheels D, D', D, of the second-motion shaft, which latter are also
provided respectively with the break wheels E' and E. and with the chain
barrel F. G is the second-motion shaft, having keyed upon each extremity
thereof a driving pinion H, which gears into the internal toothed wheel of
each of the leading and driving wheels I, I; J, J. bearings at ends of shaft G.
free to work up and down in horn plates or guides formed in the side frames
of the engine, by which they are always maintained at the same extent in
gear with the large internal toothed wheel, whatever the amount of vertical or
side motion of the engine may be; K, the external framing or casing of the
engine; K', the wheel guards of the large or driving wheels: L, L. the
steering or guiding wheels.
In Figures 1 and 2, I have shewn the weight of the engine boiler and
machinery, as being supported by means of a series of india-rubber springs
M, M, separated by suitable iron plates. and supported on a frame disposed
beneath the main axle boxes N of the large driving wheels 1. Through the
india-rubber springs and iron plates, and extending through the main axle
boxes, suspending bolts are passed, as shewn; the axle boxes N, N, are free
to work up and down between suitable horn plates or guides formed in the
main framing; M', M', the india-rubber springs and enclosing frames, to
allow of the necessary amount of play to the axles of the small or steering

page_text: wheels. The axles of the small wheels are attached at the central portion
thereof to a frame, having attached thereto a toothed quadrant O, into which
gears a small spur pinion P, at the lower extremity of a short vertical shaft P¹,
which is worked by means of the hand wheels Q. Q', and the intermediate
gearing, as shewn in Figures 1, 2, and 3, by which arrangement of steering
apparatus the engine may be readily turned in either direction, and be steered
from either end as occasion may require; R is the steam boiler, the steam
from which, after leaving the steam chest, passes through the pipe r into a
superheating chamber or uptake S, formed at the base of the chimney T,
which latter I prefer to surmount (as in my previous Patent herein-before
referred to) with a spark arrester, as shewn in Figures 1 and 2; U, throttle
or regulating valve; u, rod for working the same; U. steam pipe, branching
off, as shewn, for the supply of steam to both steam cylinders: V. V. the two
exhaust steam pipes, through which steam passes from the cylinders, and
instead of being led therethrough direct into the funnel or chimney, is instead
thereof first led into and caused to circulate through a tank W, containing a
portion of the feed water.
I am by this last arrangentent enabled to soften the blast, and thereby
reduce the very objectionable noise made by the blast of the exhaust steam
up the funnel, as is generally the case with traction and other locomotive
engines as heretofore constructed; and the feed water contained in the
vessel W also thereby becomes heated before entering the boiler.
Figures 7 to 10 (Sheet 4) inclusive, illustrate that part or portion of my
Invention relating to trucks or carriages constructed as herein-before set
forth, Figure 7 being the plan view of the under side of a three-wheel'd truck
or carriage; Figure 8, longitudinal sectional elevation thereof, and Figure 9 a
transverse sectional elevation taken across the rear end, and looking towards
the fore end of the truck or carriage; Figure 10 is a detached plan view,
exhibiting the method I have herein-before described for ensuring the
respective trucks or carriages composing a train following in track. But
although I have here only shewn illustrations of a three-wheel'd truck or
carriage according to my Invention, I also, as herein-before set forth, construct
and connect for the purpose of guiding in a similar manner trucks or carriages
having four wheels, viz., two wheels of large diameter, and two small or
guiding wheels.
The views are so clearly shewn as to render any literal reference thereto
unnecessary. The mode of applying the india-rubber springs will also be
readily understood by reference to Figures 8 and 9.

page_text: Figures 11 and 12 exhibit views of a portable locomotive engine more
particularly intended as a self-moving hoist or travelling crane, to be employed
likewise for drawing or hauling and as a traction engine, to be used either
upon edge rails, as shewn in the Drawings, Figures 11 and 12, or with any
other form of wheels to enable it to be employed on other descriptions of rails,
upon tram plates, or on common roads, on a wharf wall, quay, or in any other
situations for unloading ships, or loading and unloading goods from waggons,
trucks, or fixed or moveable platforms; and for either removing or hauling
such goods or heavy weights suspended from a gib, derrick, or outrigger
mounted upon such steam truck or portable or traction engine, or when such
goods or heavy weights are carried upon a separate truck attached to or
drawn by such steam truck, self-moving hoist, or portable or traction engine.
The gib, derrick, or outrigger being mounted in readiness, is available for
raising, removing, lowering, or otherwise changing the position of such goods
or heavy weights. The requisite amount of motion and change in the direction
thereof is effected by means of the mechanical contrivance shewn at Figure 13,
Sheet 1, or any of the equivalent means or mechanical contrivances included
in my previous Patent herein-before referred to; or in some cases the gearing
shewn in Figure 12 may be used or employed instead of the differential motion
or gearing shewn at Figure 13, and in other cases for use upon common roads
the differential motion need only be applied to one pair of wheels, the others
being left free to turn or swivel. Or, when such engines are employed upon
railways having many curves, the propelling power may be applied to the
wheels on one side thereof, and the wheels on the opposite ends of the axles
left free to revolve independently.
Upon the upper side of the frame, as shewn in Figures 11 and 12, a metal
sole plate, kerb, or ring A is placed or mounted for the purpose of receiving
the steam machinery herein-before described.
Having now described my Invention for "Improvements in Locomotive
Engines and Wheel Carriages," and illustrated the same by the accompanying
four Sheets of Drawings, in which I have shewn views of traction engines
suited for hauling trains of heavily loaded trucks from one place to another on
common roads, and which engines are also capable of being employed when
stationary in raising and lowering and otherwise moving heavy weights, and
for hauling, warping, or otherwise setting in motion rope and chain "falls," or
rotary or other machinery, and for pumping water, or for performing other
work whilst the said engine is stationary or out of employment as a traction
engine for hauling trucks or wheeled carriages as described. I have also

page_text: shewn such engines as those last mentioned, fitted with or supported upon
three wheels instead of four; but whether such engines have three wheels or
four wheels, and whether capable of being steered from one end only or from
both ends, whichever may be preferred, such engines are to be propelled, the
large wheels in advance, by which arrangement or disposition of the wheels.
obstacles opposed to the forward progress of the engine are more easily over-
come, and the power of the engine is employed in causing the mass in motion
to be moved along in a plane parallel with the surface of the road over which
it is passing, instead of as when the smaller wheels are thrust forward in
advance of the centre of propulsion, the axles of such smaller wheels being
below the centre of effort or centre of the driving or propelling wheels, th
part of the power in traction engines, constructed and made as heretofore, is
expended in thrusting the smaller leading or forward wheels into the ground,
and such smaller wheels from their lesser diameter are more easily checked by
an opposing obstacle than driving wheels or wheels of large diameter would
be with a given amount of force.
And to enable traction engines of the description I have described to be
employed on common roads in thronged thoroughfares, and where the noise
produced by the ordinary blast of a locomotive description of high-pressure
engine would be open to serious objections, I separate the exhaust pipes and
cause the heavy throb from the exhaust steam produced at each stroke of the
piston to be absorbed, by coming into contact with an enlarged surface or
increased cubical space in a close vessel or expansion box, by which the blast
is softened. Such box may be double, and have a series of small pipes or
sheet spaces arranged therein at right angles to the passage of the exhaust, and
through the interior of these pipes or sheet spaces the feed water is caused to
circulate before entering the boiler; whilst the exterior surfaces of the metal
tubes or pipes having the exhaust steam projected against them on its way to
the nozzle of the blast pipes, abstract a portion of the heat therefrom and
transmit it to the feed water contained within them, whilst the condensation
produced thereby leaves a portion of water thus condensed to be collected and
led back to the tank containing the supply of feed water. Also in connection
with the generation of steam in the boilers of traction engines according to my
present Invention, I cause the steam which has been generated and would
otherwise remain in contact with the surface of the water contained within the
boiler, instead of passing direct therefrom, or from an ordinary steam dome,
to the cylinder, as in my previous Patent before referred to, to pass from the
steam chest into a suitable superheating chamber or uptake formed at the

page_text: base of the chimney or funnel.
The heated products of combustion being
brought in contact with the interior cylindrical surface of such uptake, the
steam contained in the annular superheating chamber becomes thus thoroughly
dried and freed from the vesicular particles with which it was originally
charged, and subject to regulation or modification by the change of water
level within the boiler, and also by regulating the height or level from which
the steam is drawn within the superheater, the state of dryness, and conse-
quently the temperature of the steam drawn off for use may be varied.
I make the large driving wheels for the purposes of my present Invention
with a cast-iron nave or boss, and wrought-iron arms, either in single or in
double alternated sets, and I form the ring of chilled cast iron, and hoop it
with wrought-iron hoops of sufficient strength and thickness as herein
mentioned, the external surface of the cast-iron rim being cored out, recessed,
or cast with indentations as before described.
Instead also of mounting the frame of the engine rigidly upon the axle
boxes without the interposition of springs, I employ non-metallic springs of
the description and in the manner set forth, by which the working parts of the
engine are protected from the injurious action produced by the shock of
contact between the wheels and the stone pitching, or other hard obstacles
over which they have to pass when in motion, being communicated to the
framing and working parts through unyielding metallic substances.
For three wheel'd engines I have described a novel mode of fitting the
single wheel, by which a uniform circular bed and bearing is formed in a
circular channel or groove, and by which also the other advantages herein-
before set forth are likewise secured.
I have now more particularly set forth what are the novel features of my
present Invention relating to traction engines only of the kind or description
herein-before referred to.
I have also described herein, and illustrated at Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10 in
the accompanying Sheets of Drawings, that part of my present Invention
which relates to trucks or wheel carriages, to be used singly or several of them
connected together composing a train, and whether employed in connection
with traction engines according to my present Invention, and as last described,
or with any other description of engine employed on common roads, so that a
correct self-acting and following motion may be ensured around curves or
wherever change of direction may be necessary.
I have also described and illustrated by Figures 11, 12, and 13, that part of
my Invention relating to self-moving or self-propelling steam trucks or wheel

page_text: carriages, or that description of engine intended to be employed either in
picking up a load and moving with it whilst suspended, or for removing goods
from one place to another in manner herein set forth and described, and
by the combination with such locomotive, or self-moving or self-propelling
steam trucks, of the apparatus shewn at Figure 13 (or equivalent mechanism),
for the purpose of enabling one wheel or the. wheels on one or both ends or
sides of such locomotive, or self-moving or self-propelling steam truck, to be
steered or caused to turn in any required direction.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Taylor, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of December, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty.
JAMES TAYLOR. (L.S.)