Improvements in and relating to Power Looms.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 15th May, 1897-Accepted, 28th Aug.,
1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Power Looms.
I, REGINALD HADDAN, of the firm of Herbert Haddan and Co., of 18, Buckingham
Street, Strand, London, W.C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention (a communication to me from abroad by JEAN CHERY, of Rue Obispo 2,
Barcelona in the Kingdom of Spain, Manufacturer) and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
This invention relates to power loom and consists first in an improvement, by
means of which one can cause the jacquard cards to return at the same time as
the woven material is caused to retire, when the weft is broken and when the
loom has made several empty or false strokes. In this case, (unless one uses the
mechanism hereinafter described), when the weft breaks and the loom makes some
false strokes, there results an irregularity in the design or in the length of the
piece woven which is undesirable when weaving objects of restrained dimensions
as for instance table cloths.
By means of the invention herein described, when the loom has made some
false strokes by the breaking of the weft, one can make the pattern cards return,
until they occupy the same position, which they had at the moment when the weft
broke and the same mechanism returns also automatically the piece which is
being woven, in order that the first new shoot of the weft occupies the place,
which it should occupy, when the weft broke.
In the annexed drawing Fig. 1 is a lateral elevation of the Jacquard power
loom, all parts which are not necessary for understanding the object of this
invention, having been omitted on the drawing. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the
mechanism applied to the Jacquard machinery (which is represented by
the framing J). This elevation is a projection upon a plan perpendicular to the
plane of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side view of part of the mechanism not shown in
Fig. 1.
This mechanism is composed of a shaft A, A, which can be turned by means of
the handle B, which is arranged on the fly wheel B¹ fixed at the extremity of the
shaft A A. This shaft turns in the bearings C C fixed at a suitable place on the
loom, the framing of which is represented by Di Dii Diii Div Dr. At the other
extremity of the shaft A A is fixed a crank E E which carries at its extremity E¹
a pin e on which is fastened a chain a a, the other end of which is fixed to a
ring F on a lever Fi Fi Fi which is pivoted at F" and at the extremity Fi of
which is articulated a bar which at its point G is articulated to the end of the
lever G G G on the end Gü of which is articulated a draw rod G H articulated
at H at the end of the angular lever H H H on which is equally articulated
the bar Hi Hi which carries a notch I similar to the notch I situated on the
bar K K. At L is represented the prism which carries the pattern cards of the
Jacquard machine; and the bar K Ki which has a two and fro movement, engag-
ing by means of the notch I' with the wheel, which gives the movement to the
prism L, is that which obliges generally the prism L to execute the quarter

page_text: revolutions in order to obtain the change in the pattern cards in the Jacquard
mechanism. The bars K K and H H are united by means of the bar Ki Hii
articulated at their extremities. When the notch I engages with the prism L,
the latter makes revolutions in a sense contrary to that in which it turns when it
is engaged with the notch I so that by means of the notch I the cards are made to
advance and by means of the notch I they may be made to return, when necessary.
If the weft is broken and the loom has made for instance four false strokes,
the weaver must give to the handle B four turns, the shaft A A will make four
turns the chain a a will be drawn down four times and the levers Fi Fi Fii,
G G G and H H H will make an equal number of oscillations. The four
oscillations of this last lever will cause the bar H H to take such positions
that it will engage four times with the prism Land consequently will return four
cards which are those which have advanced without effect. The weaver can thus,
without any difficulty, return any number of cards.
In order to make the piece return which is in course of weaving, and this for a
distance proportional to the cards which are returned the shaft A A carries an
endless screw M engaging with a toothed wheel Mi which engages with a gear train
which transfers the movement to the fabric beam of folder N; this latter retires
the piece. The gear train just mentioned and the endless screw M are calculated
in such a manner that, for each card which is caused to return by means of the
handle B, the piece on the folder N returns back at a distance equal to one shoot.
The other improvement introduced into the power looms, consists of a mechanism
by means of which one may change automatically the velocity of the take up
mechanism of the loom whilst making the fringes of a fabric. Fringes are made
by executing false shoots of the weft and leaving the chain free, but generally
power looms whilst making a fringe, go at the same velocity as when they weave
the body of the fabric. By means of the present invention a change of speed is
obtained whilst making fringe, during this operation the movement of the take-
up mechanism being much quicker, so that so much time is saved.
The mechanism is arranged in the following manner. On the lower driving
shaft O of the loom is fixed a cylinder P, the surface of which has full
parts m m m m and empty or recessed parts h h. On this cylindrical surface rests
the tooth Q of the lever QiQ which swings round its end Qi and which at its other
end Q carries a hook on which is attached the spring R which causes the
lever QQQ to descend or maintains the lever pressed against the cylindrical
surface of the roller P. When the tooth Q is on a full part m m and the cylinder P
turns, this full part slides under the tooth Q; but when arrived at an empty
part h, the tooth Q sinks the lever Q Q Q sinks also and draws the chain 6 6.
This chain is attached to the bar S articulated at one end of the angular lever S Si Sii
which by means of the rod Si Si is connected with the angular lever S T Ti
on the end Ti of which is attached the end Ti of the chain! T K the other end K
of which is attached to the bar Ki K.
On the lever Qi Qu (Fig. 3) is also articulated at V the lever V Vi Vi which
oscillates round its pivot Vi and the extremity Vi of which is articulated to the
bar Vi X which at its extremity X carries an arm in contact with the arm Xi
of the lever X X X the other arm of which engages a dog with the teeth of
the wheel Z when the extremity X is pushed by the arm X of the small bar Vi X
but which generally does not engage because the spring Y tends to keep it con-
stantly lifted. The point of oscillation X of the dog X X X is on the end of
a lever X X X which swings round its point X and the end X' of which
is connected by means of the bar Qi with the lathe U U of the loom. Thus while
the loom is in operation, the lever X X X is continually in movement and
moves the wheel Z when the end X which operates as dog is lowered. The
ratchet wheel Z is connected with the folder of the loom by means of a gear train
which has not been represented on the drawing because it can be arranged in any
appropriate manner; and all the parts before described are calculated in such a
manner, that when the dog Xi gears with the wheel Z it transfers to this wheel which

page_text: in its turn transfers to the folder of the loom, a movement much quicker than
that which it has during the general working of the loom. The cylinder P is
calculated in such a manner that while the loom has to make a fringe an empty
part of the cylinder P corresponds to the tooth Q. The lever Qi Q descends
then operating the chain 6 b, and as the latter operates the angular levers S Si Sii
and Si T Ti, the chain Ti Ki pulls the bars K and places the notches I I' in such
a position that neither the one nor the other gears with the prism L of the loom,
so that at each shoot the same card is presented against the needles of the machine,
the healds of the machine remaining in movement, but without opening a passage
in order to make no connection between the chain and the weft.
When the lever Qi Q sinks the lever V Vi Vi oscillates round Vi so that the end Vii
rises and pushes the arm X against the end of the dog so that the opposite
end X of this dog gears with the wheel Z accelerating the working, as has been
described.
The before described mechanism may be modified without departing from the
essential features of this invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In Jacquard power looms, an improvement consisting of a mechanism,
by means of which the workman can at pleasure make the pattern cards of the
Jacquard machinery return when during the working the weft has broken
and the loom has made false shoots, the object of this mechanism being to enable
the design to be replaced in the same position which it occupied at the moment
when the weft was broken, and to prevent the pieces from leaving the loom with
irregularities; this mechanism being composed of a lever with a notch which the
workman can put into movement, and by the strokes of which the prism carrying
the pattern cards of the Jacquard machinery may be turned in a direction
opposite to that in which it generally turns substantially as described and shown
in the annexed drawing.
2. In mechanical looms in combination with the mechanism as in claim 1,
a construction by means of which in proportion as the cards of the Jacquard
machinery returns the woven fabric automatically and proportionally returns
in order that the first shoot of the weft, which is made after the loom has made
false strokes after the breaking of the weft, occupies the place which it should
occupy in the fabric; this arrangement being composed of a conveniently calculated
gear train which places the folder or fabric beam of the loom in combination
with the driving shaft of the mechanism which returns the cards substantially
as described and shown in the drawing.
3. In power looms a mechanism for obtaining acceleration whilst making a
fringe, if the fabric requires one, composed of a cylinder the cylindrical surface
of which is provided with recesses or slots and which moves a lever which accord-
ingly as it is raised or depressed causes the disengagement or engagement of a
dog with the teeth of a wheel which is in connection with the folder or fabric
beam of the loom, this dog being put into movement by the lathe of the
loom, and communicating to the folder or beam a quicker movement
while the fringes are made; this dog being disengaged from the wheel whilst
the body of the fabric is made, substantially as described and shown in the
annexed drawing.