IMPROVEMENTS IN WAGGONS TRUCKS, BARROWS & SUCH LIKE VEHICLES PROAL
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Purvis Wilson of Brockley in the County of
Kent for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WAGGONS TRUCKS, BARROWS
& SUCH LIKE VEHICLES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Purvis Wilson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th November 1882.
WILLIAM PURVIS WILSON of Brockley in the County of Kent "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WAGGONS, TRUCKS, BARROWS AND SUCH LIKE VEHICLES,”
This invention relates to improvements in waggons, trucks, barrows and such
like vehicles.
According to my invention I construct the body of the vehicles of sheet iron
buckled to obtain strength with lightness. The buckling may be of different
forms according to the size and nature of the vehicle. Thus buckling the plates
they require only to be joined by angled sheet iron or the plates angled and
enable even large trucks adapted for the carrying of heavy loads to be constructed
without strengthening irons and remain very light and of greater strength.
The next part of my invention relates to the tipping of these vehicles
According to this part of my invention I construct the vehicle so that the body
thereof will tip without the framework, and also so that the body and therefore
the weight may be kept comparatively low down towards the ground and yet
providing means that even the longest vehicles may be fully tilted
This I accomplish by so attaching the body to the framework that it is nearly
on a balance and also so that as the body is tipped the centre on which it rests
and turns is gradually raised by the weight of the falling or tipped material so as
to afford aufficient room between the centre and the ground for the tipping of the
waggon. This may be done by a combination of levers, by a quadrant rack and
pinion, by quadrant link motion or by other suitable mechanical means

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Purvis Wilson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th May 1883.
WILLIAM PURVIS WILSON of Brockley in the County of Kent.
IN WAGGONS TRUCKS BARROWS AND SUCH LIKE VEHICLES "
"IMPROVEMENTS
My said invention relates to improvements in waggons trucks barrows and such
like vehicles and has for its object the obtainment of greater strength and lightness
combined with economy in the construction of the bodies of the said class of
vehicles also the affording of increased facilities for tipping the same.
According to one part of my invention I construct the bodies of these vehicles
of sheet iron or other suitable sheet metal suitably buckled or dished as hereinafter
described in order to combine strength with lightness the buckling or dishing
being of different forms according to the size and nature of the vehicle as will be
readily understood. The plates being thus buckled or dished require only to be
joined at the angles by angled sheet iron or the plates themselves may be angled
or flanged if desired by which means large trucks adapted for the carrying of
heavy loads can be constructed without the usual special strengthening irons
whilst combining greater strength and lightness than can be obtained by the
ordinary construction of such vehicles.
According to that part of my invention which relates to the tipping of these
vehicles I construct the vehicle so that the body thereof will tip without the
framework whilst at the same time the body and therefore the weight is kept
lower down towards the ground than has hitherto been found practicable by the
ordinary arrangement of this class of vehicles special provision being made for
enabling even the longest and broadest vehicles to be fully tilted. In these
improved vehicles the sides and ends are fixed all loose sides and ends being
rendered unnecessary for the purpose of tipping the contents of the vehicle. In
carrying out this part of my invention I so mount the tipping body on the frame-
work that it is nearly on a balance a slight preponderance being given by
preference to the back end of the vehicle the body being moreover so mounted
that as it is tipped the centres on which it rests and turns are gradually raised by
the weight of the falling or tipped material whereby I obtain sufficient room
between the centres and the ground to admit of the complete tipping of the body
of the wagon even into a vertical position if desired. This result can be obtained
either by a peculiar combination of levers or radius bars with the body and under
frame by a combination of quadrant and straight racks and guides and pinions or
by curved or quadrant guides and rollers or equivalent mechanical contrivances.
And in order that my said invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the
several figures on the explanatory sheet of drawings hereunto annexed the same
letters of reference indicating like parts in all the corresponding figures.
Figure of my drawings is a side elevation of a hand or wheel barrow con-
structed according to the first part of my invention the ends a a sides b anl
bottom e of the same being of sheet iron buckled as shown at a b₁ c¹ in any con-
venient or well known manner to suit the size and nature of the vehicle in order
to increase their strength. I prefer to make the ends a a in one sheet with the
bottom c and to attach the two sides to the bottom and ends by light angle irons
of sheet metal or by flanges formed on the sides themselves. The sides may also
be prolonged downwards slightly to form flanges by which the body of the vehicle
can be rivetted to the frame d. Figure 2 is a side elevation of a two wheeled

page_text: vehicle of my improved construction provided with one of my improved arrange-
ments for tipping the same shown as adapted for hand propulsion but it may be
provided with three or four wheels for ordinary contractors work. Figure 3 is a
transverse section of the body of the said vehicle taken along the line 1-2 in
figure 2 showing the buckling or dishing of the ends sides and bottom. Figure 4
is an end elevation showing the application of a modified form of my improved
tipping arrangement to a four wheeled truck or waggon intended for side tipping.
Figures 5 and 6 are side elevations of two other modifications of my improved
tipping device shown as applied to two wheeled trucks. Figure 7 is a sectional
detail of a portion of figure 5 taken along the line 3-4 and figure 8 is a detail
plan of the tipping device shown in figure 6. In figures 2 to 8 a represents the
under framing of the tipping vehicle mounted on two three or four running
wheels b as required. c is the body of the vehicle which in figure 2 is shown as
connected to the frame by two radius bars d and e of unequal length the shorter
bar d being jointed at one end f to the bottom of the body near the middle thereof
whilst its other end works on a fixed fulcrum g in the frame the said radius bar
lying horizontally or nearly so when the body is in its normal position. The
longer radius bar e is similarly jointed at h to the upper edge of the body and
works at its lower end on a fixed fulcrum i of its own also contained in the fixed
frame a but situate at a lower level than the fulcruin gas is clearly shown in the
drawings. The positions assumed by the various parts when the body tipped is
shown by the dotted lines. On slightly tilting up the rear end of the frame
suddenly the preponderance of the load is shifted towards the tipping end of the
vehicle whereupon the weight of the falling or tipped material causes the centres
on which the body of the vehicle rests and turns to be gradually raised through
the combined action of the radius bars thereby allowing the body to assume an
angle of 90° or thereabouts to the frame as shown by the dotted lines and admitting
of the said body being mounted much lower than it could be under the ordinary
systems whilst still retaining the power of complete tipping-This is a most
important desideratum in many cases more especially in gas works as it enables
the coke trucks to be sufficiently low to run under the mouths of the lowest retorts
and yet be capable of complete tipping.
In the modification shown at figure 4 applied to a side tipping waggon the
radius bars & and e figure 2 are replaced by corresponding curved guide slots d'
and el formed in the waggon frame a and antifriction rollers f¹ and h¹ working
therein mounted on studs attached respectively at each end of the body c to the
bottom and upper edge thereof in the longitudinal centre line of the said body.
The guide slots d¹ and e' correspond to the paths described by the ends of the
radius bars before referred to they being struck from corresponding centres. The
dotted lines show the position of the parts when the body is tipped to either side.
The arrangement shown in figure 2 is equally applicable to a side tipping waggon
whilst the arrangement shown in figure 4 may also be applied to an end tipping
waggon. In figures 5 and 6 the tilting and lifting of the body by the weight of
the load in the act of tipping is produced by spur pinions in combination with
straight and quadrant racks and guides Figure 5 showing an internal toothed
quadrant rack and figure 6 a quadrant rack with external teeth. In figure 5 the
frame a at each side of the vehicle has an internal toothed quadrant k formed
therein into which gear the pinions fast on a cross spindle m. This spindle
carries two other spur pinions n which gear into straight racks o secured to the
underside of the body of the vehicle the weight of the body resting on the said
pinions n through the rack o. Rollers pare also mounted on the spindle m and
travel along the upper surface of the guide bars q secured to the underside of the
vehicle or formed in one with the straight racks o these guide bars serving to take
the weight of the body and to hold the pinions in gear with the said racks o.
Immediately behind the outer pinions simila. rollers are provided which travel
along the smooth quadrant guiding surfaces s attached to the inner sides of the
frames such guiding surfaces serving to hold the pinions in gear with the quadrant

page_text: racks k. When the rear end of the frame is suddenly tilted to a slight degree by
hand so as to shake or throw the preponderance of the load to the tipping end of
the vehicle the tilting of the body assissted by the gravity of the load causes the
pinions to roll along the quadrant rack teeth and thereby to receive a rotary
motion in the direction of the arrow. This motion being also imparted to the
pinions n in gear with the straight racks o causes the body of the vehicle to be
lifted at the time of tilting and thus enables a low mounted body to be fully and
completely tipped.
In the modification figure 6 the cross spindle m on which the actuating pinions
are mounted is carried at each end in radius bars or levers t centred loosely on the
axle of the running wheels b of the vehicle the said levers also carry the roller p
which travels along the underside of the guide surface q for the purpose of holding
the pinions n in gear with the straight racks o the radius bar or lever t serving to
maintain the actuating pinions in gear with the teeth of the quadrant racks k.
The action is similar to that of figure 5 and need not therefore be further detailed.
I may here observe that in lieu of buckling the plates forming the ends sides and
bottom of my improved vehicles by the usual stamping process the said plates may
be dished by slitting them in a hot or cold state bending outwards the tongues so
formed and rivetting or otherwise applying a lapping piece over the opening as
shown in figure 9 the dotted lines representing the said lapping piece.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim as the invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is :-
First. Constructing the bodies of waggons trucks barrows and such like vehicles
of sheet iron or other suitable sheet metal buckled or dished to obtain greater
strength and lightness and united together by angled sheet iron or light angle
iron or by flanges formed on the buckled plates themselves whereby the usual
strengthening irons are dispensed with substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by my drawings.
•
Second. So mounting the bodies of waggons trucks barrows and such like vehicles
intended to be tipped as that the centres on which they rest and turn are gradually
raised from the under framing of the vehicle by the weight of the load in the act
of tipping substantially as and for the purpose herein before described.
Third Mounting the bodies of vehicles intended to be tipped on radius bars or
ou curved guides attached to or forming part of the under framing when arranged
and caused to operate substantially in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore
described and illustrated by figures 2 and 4 of my drawings.
Fourth. The combination with the bodies of vehicles intended to be tipped of
curved and straight racks and guides toothed pinions and rollers operating together
substantially in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore described and
illustrated by figures 5 to 8 of my drawings.
In witness whereof I the said William Purvis Wilson have hereunto set my
hand and seal this twenty eighth day of May in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
W. P. WILSON (L.S.)