Improvements in Typewriters.
Year: 1892

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by SEWARD AYMOR DEAN, 3212, Grand Avenue,
Minneapolis, Hennepin County, Minnesota, U.S.A., Manufacturer.]
Improvements in Typewriters.
1, JOHN EDWARD EVANS-JACKSON of 45 Holborn Viaduct London in the
County of London, Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in typewriters especially of the class
designed for use in making type written entries in books although capable of being
used for the purpose of writing upon single sheets of paper.
The objects I have in view are: first, to provide an improved typewriter which
may be used either for writing in books of any size and thickness or may be used.
for writing upon single sheets or tablets of paper; second, to provide an improved
book support upon which the book or paper to be written upon may be placed and
which will automatically adjust the book so as to bring its surface into proper
position to be written upon; third, to provide improved means for feeding the book
or paper for the line spacing; fourth, to provide improved means for moving the
book for the letter and word spacing; fifth, to provide improved means for sup
porting the writing mechanism so that it may be located at will over each part of
the book support and thus be adapted for writing upon either page of an open
book; sixth, to provide improved mechanism for operating the type bars; seventh,
to provide improved means for supporting the ribbon, and eighth, to provide
improved mechanism for various parts of the structure of the machine.
In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this Specification :-
Fig. 1 is an end elevation of my improved machine.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same.
Fig. 3 is a plan view partly in section with the writing mechanism removed.
Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the writing mechanism and the means for sup
porting it.
Fig. 5 is a detail vertical section on line x-x of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a detail plan section showing the writing mechanism with the operating
keys and levers removed and showing also a cross bar for supporting the writing
mechanism.
Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are details of the means for operating the type bars and changing
when desired from the upper to lower case characters, both sets of characters
being arranged to be operated by a single set of keys.
Fig. 10 is a transverse vertical section on line y-y of Fig. 4.
Fig. 11 is a detail section on line -z of Fig. 10.
Fig. 12 is a detail section of the escapement.
Fig. 13 is a section of the bar that supports the writing mechanism showing also
a portion of the writing mechanism and the lever for locking it.
Fig. 14 is a plan view of the escapement lever and the means for operating it.
In the drawings, 2 represents the main frame or base plate of the machine which
may be of any suitable size and construction. Upon this base plate is mounted a
transversely moving carriage 3 which is preferably provided with suitable rolls or
wheels 5 and moves upon rails 7 arranged upon the base plate 2. The carriage is
preferably provided with the lugs 9 which engage suitable rails 11 on the base
plate for the purpose of preventing the carriage from being moved from the rails.
This carriage is provided with a two-part support which consists preferably of a
skeleton frame 13 provided with a series of transverse supporting rollers 15 and
the upright guide rollers 17 arranged at its outer edge for the purpose of forming

page_text: a bearing for the edge of the book that is supported upon said book support. Each
of these parts of the book support is secured by brackets 19 upon a cross shaft 21
that is mounted in suitable bearings 23 upon the base plate 2. Suitable springs 25
are secured upon a shaft 21 and engage said brackets 19. Said springs are pre-
ferably connected at one end to said shaft and coiled around said shaft and con-
nected at their opposite ends to said brackets. The tension of said springs tends
to move the book support upward and hold each part of said book support while
at the same time permitting it to yield for the insertion of a book of any thickness,
and as the book support is made in two independent parts or sections each of which
may move independently of the other a book may be placed upon said support so
as to bring any desired portion of the book upon either of said supports and
still have the book lie flat open with the upper surface substantially horizontal
or level.
For the purpose of adjusting the tension of the spring 25 the shaft 21 is capable
of being rotated in its bearings 23 and is provided with a ratchet 27 that is
engaged by a pawl or dog 29 upon the carriage 3. The shaft 21 is also provided
at its end with a collar 31 having a radial opening in which a pin may be, inserted
for the purpose of turning said shaft and increasing the tension of said springs, the
pawl and ratchet holding said shaft in any position in which it may be turned.
The carriage 3 is provided with uprights or standards 33 at each side and in these
standards is journaled a roll 35 that presses upon the book support and holds it in a
flat or level position. The roll 35 extends across the carriage and a similar master
or driving roll 37 is mounted in each section 13 of the book-support in position to
come against the under surface of the book at a point very nearly under the roll 35.
When there is no book on the book-support the said support will be moved up so
as to bring the rolls 37 in contact with the roll 35. If a book is inserted it is
placed on the forward part of the book support which is depressed sufficiently to
admit the book under the roll 35 and the book is then pushed over the rolls 15
and 37 until it is brought into the proper position. For the purpose of feeding the
book for the line spacing I provide means by which at proper intervals of time
the rolls 35 and 37 may be positively operated for the purpose of moving the book
the desired distance. I will now describe the means that I prefer to use for
operating said rolls.
A shaft 39 is mounted in suitable bearings upon the carriage 3 and extends
across said carriage and is provided at each end with a ratchet wheel 41. This
ratchet wheel is of sufficient width to accommodate a series of dogs as hereinafter
described. A key lever 43 is mounted loosely upon a shaft 39, the end of the lever
being in the form of a yoke and extending upon both sides of said ratchet wheel.
The opposite end of the lever is preferably in the form of a handle 45 and it
extends beneath a stationary plate 47 that is a counterpart of the handle 45 and is
secured in fixed position upon the carriage 3 by means of a standard 49. A series
of dogs 51 are pivoted upon the lever 43 and they extend to the ratchet wheel 41
and these dogs are of different lengths so that one of said dogs will always be in
engagement with said ratchet wheel even though the wheel is moved each time but
a' distance equal to a fractional portion of the length of its teeth.
For the purpose of operating the ratchet wheel the plate 47 and the handle 45
are grasped together by the hand of the operator and the handle 45 is pressed
downward against the plate 47. By this means the ratchet wheel 41 and shaft 39
are turned a distance corresponding to the distance that the handle 45 is away from
the plate 47 at the beginning of the operation. The plate 47 therefore serves as
a stop to limit the movement of the lever 43 and it also makes a convenient hand
grasp to be used when it is desired to move said lever. As soon as the handle 45
is released its weight turns the levers 43, draws the pawls 51 over the ratchet until
the movement of the lever is stopped as hereinafter described. I provide means
for limiting this movement of the lever 43 and thereby regulating the distance that
the handle 45 may be separated from the plate 47 and consequently regulating the
movement of the ratchet 41 at each operation of said lever.

page_text: For this purpose I provide a shaft 53 mounted in bearings upon the carriage 2
and extending across said carriage and provided at each end with an eccentric 55
that comes directly beneath the lever 43. By turning the shaft 53 the upper
surface of the eccentric 55 will be brought higher or lower, and as this eccentric
forms the stop for the lever 43 it will determine the position into which the lever
may be moved after being released by the hand of the operator.
also provide a graduated scale 57 and a handle 59 secured to the shaft 53
provided with a pointer 61 that extends over the graduated scale 57. By this
means the shaft 43 may be turned so as to bring said eccentric 55 into any
desired position. The ratchet 41, the lever 43, the plate 47, the eccentrics 55
are preferably in duplicate upon each side of the machine so that the line spacing
mechanism may be operated by either hand of the operator. The graduated
scale 57 and the handle 59 and pointer 61 may if preferred be provided on one side
of the machine only.
I also provide means by which when desired all of the pawls 51 on each lever 43
may be thrown out of engagement with the ratchet 41. For this purpose I provide
a shaft 63 mounted in bearings upon the carriage 3 and provided with a suitable
operating handle 65 and having at each end a projection or finger 67 that extends
under the pawls 51. By turning this lever all of said pawls may be raised from
the ratchet wheels thereby permitting the line spacing mechanism to be reversed
and the book to be drawn backward or out from between the rolls 35 and 37. The
shaft 39 is provided with a sprocket wheel 67 and this is connected by a sprocket
chain 69 with a sprocket pinion upon the shaft of the rollers 37. The shaft 39 is
provided with one of said sprocket wheels 67' for each of the rollers 37 and con-
nection is made by means of said chains to each of said rollers, whereby said
rollers are moved simultaneously from the shaft 39. If preferred, the means for
operating the rollers 37 may be omitted and they may be idle rollers and the book
may be moved by the roller 35 alone. The shaft 39 is also provided with a
pinion 71 that engages a pinion 73 upon a short shaft 75. The shaft 75 is pro-
vided with a sprocket wheel 77 from which a chain 79 extends to a sprocket wheel
upon the axis of the roller 35. By this means the rolls 35 and 37 are operated
from the shaft 39 and are rotated in opposite directions; and they may be moved
any desired amount for the purpose of moving the book any desired distance for
any suitable line spacing.
I also provide means for moving the carriage and book for the
of
purpose
forming spaces between the letters and the words. The writing mechanism, as
will be described hereinafter, remains stationary and the carriage and the book
support thereon are moved beneath the writing mechanism for the purpose of
forming such spaces between the letters and between the words. For this purpose
I provide a barrel or drum 81 which is similar to those commonly used on other
typewriters. A belt or strap 83 is connected to this drum and to the carriage 2.
Within the drum 81 is a suitable spring and when the carriage is moved to the
right this spring is wound up and as the carriage is released the spring draws the
carriage to the left in the usual way. A shaft 85 provided with a handle 87 and
a ratchet 89 is arranged in connection with said drum by means of which the
spring is tightened when it is necessary to increase its tension. The carriage 2 is
provided with a suitable rack-bar and the writing mechanism with a suitable
escapement which controls and limits the movement of the carriage thereby pre-
venting it from moving any faster than is necessary for the proper spacing of the
letters or characters and words. The rack bar 91 is secured upon the standards 33
and extends across the machine above the roll 35. This rack bar consists of a
series of notches 93 that are preferably inclined upon one side and straight or
vertical upon the other. A suitable escapement hereinafter described engages this
rack-bar and each time that a character is written or the universal space bar is
operated the escapement device permits the carriage to move the distance of one
notch on said rack bar. The means for operating the escapement device is secured
upon the frame that carries the type bars and the keys, and I will describe its

page_text: mechanism and operation before describing the construction and arrangement of
the frame on which these parts are supported.
The base plate 2 is provided at each side of the machine with a standard 4 that
preferably extends above the roll 35 and said standard supports a cross bar 6
preferably in the form of a hollow tube which extends across the machine and is
fixed in said standards. Secured upon this cross bar are the fixed collars 8 and 10
each of which is provided preferably with a suitable notch 12. A tube or sleeve 14
is mounted upon the cross bar 6 and is adapted to slide thereon and is provided at
each end with a projection 16 adapted to engage the notch 12 in said collars 8.
and 10. The sleeve 14 is also provided with a longitudinal slot 18 and the cross
bar 6 is provided with a pin 20 that projects into said slot and limits the longitudinal
movement thereof. Collars are also arranged upon the sleeve 14 and are secured
thereto by any suitable means. The frame of the writing mechanism 24 is preferably
of substantially U-shape and at its ends it is secured to the collars 26. The
collars 25 are in two parts and are secured to the sleeve 14 by means of suitable
bolts 20 and these collars are capable of rotation upon said sleeve 14 so that the
frame of the writing mechanism may stand in a horizontal position when the device
is in use, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or it may be turned into a vertical position or
a position substantially at right angles to that which it is shown as occupying in
Fig. 2. The collars 26 are provided with shoulders 28 that engage corresponding
shoulders 28 on the collars 22 when the writing mechanism is in position for
operation whereby the frame of the writing mechanism is supported in a substantially
horizontal position. The cross bar 6 preferably forms the only support for the
frame that carries the writing mechanism. A spring 32 is secured to the sleeve 14
and also to one of the collars 26. When the frame is brought into a horizontal
position the tension of this spring is increased and when said frame is released
the spring turns the frame and the mechanism carried by it into a substantially
vertical position.
For the purpose of holding the frame 24 in a horizontal position I provide a
collar 34 that is fixed upon the sleeve 14 and has a projection 36 that is engaged
by a sliding rod 38 provided with a suitable spring 40 by means of which said rod
is held in position to engage said projection 36. This rod extends to a point near
the front of the machine and is provided with a handle 42 by means of which it
may be drawn back so as to release the frame and permit the spring 32 to raise
said frame into a vertical position.
As before stated, the sleeve 14 upon which the frame 24 of the writing mechanism
is secured, is capable of being moved along the cross bar 6, and in using the
machine for writing in books the writing mechanism is placed in position to write
upon one page of the book, or over one part of the book support and it may
afterwards be moved across the frame of the machine by sliding the sleeve 14 on
the cross bar 6 so as to bring the writing mechanism into position to write on the
other page of the book. Or if the mechanism is used for writing upon sheets of
paper the writing mechanism will be placed in position to write over either one of
the sections of the book support. When the machine is used for writing upon the
left hand page of the book the sleeve 14 is moved to the left so as to bring the end
of the sleeve against the collar 10 with the projection 16 engaging the notch 12.
In this position the writing mechanism may be used for writing upon the page or
paper that is supported upon the left hand section of the book support. When the
frame 24 is moved so as to bring it over the right hand section of the book support
it is locked in this position by means of the spring catch 44 that engages a lug 46
on the collar 8.
The writing mechanism consists of a series of type bars connected to key bars
provided with suitable keys, said keys being arranged in a suitable key-board at
the forward end of the writing mechanism. A universal space bar is provided that
is arranged to be operated by each one of the keys in the machine. This space bar
consists preferably of the U-shaped frame 48 pivotally supported and provided with
springs 50, and extending beneath all of the key levers in the machine so that upon

page_text: the operation of any one of said levers by depressing the appropriate key said universal
space bar is also operated. This space bar is connected to the spacing mechanism
hereinbefore referred to and operates said mechanism so as to permit the feeding of
the carriage for the purpose of spacing the letters and words. The space bar 48
is connected by means of an arm 52 and rod 54 to a crank arm 56 on a short cross
shaft 58. The cross shaft 58 is mounted in bearings upon a depending pivoted
frame 60. This frame extends across the machine being pivotally supported upon
the frame 24 of the writing mechanism and extending parallel with the sleeve 14.
The lower part of the frame is provided with bearings for the shaft 58 and a spring 62
is arranged to engage this frame and holds its normally in the position indicated
by dotted lines, in Fig. 2 and shown by full lines in Fig. 4. Mounted upon the
sleeve 14 between the collars 22 is a collar 62 that is capable of a limited rotary
movement, said collar being provided with a slot 64 into which projects a pin 66
that is secured in said sleeve. A spring 63 is arranged upon the sleeve 14 and
engages the collar 62 holding this collar normally in the position shown in Fig. 6.
An escapement lever 68 is pivotally supported upon the collar 62 being provided
with a spring 70 by means of which the right hand end of the lever, as shown in
Fig. 10, is held normally depressed as shown in said fig. This escapement lever
is provided at each end with an escapement dog 72 having one vertical side and
one inclined side, as shown in Fig. 12. A spring 74 connects the upper ends of
these dogs, a stop 76 being provided to prevent the upper ends of said dogs from
moving toward each other beyond a predetermined point. A lug 78 is provided
on the left hand end of the said lever 68 and this lug comes directly under a
projection or finger 80 on the shaft 58. The escapement lever 68 is arranged
directly over the rack bar 93 and when in its normal position the right hand dog
of said escapement lever is held in engagement with one of the teeth of said rack
bar,. the vertical side of the tooth coming in engagement with the vertical side of
the notch of said rack bar.
In operation, when the universal space bar is depressed, the shaft 58 is turned
and the finger 80 engaging the escapement lever 68 depresses the left hand end of
said lever and raises the right hand end. This raises the right hand dog out of the
rack bar and causes the left hand dog to engage said rack bar, the straight side of
the dog striking the straight side of the tooth of the rack bar as said dog is
depressed. A spring 74 permits the dog to turn slightly upon its pivot. As soon
as the escapement lever is released the spring 70 returns to its normal position
releasing the left hand dog 72 from the rack bar and engaging the right hand
dog 72 therewith. This operation is repeated as often as the space bar is operated
and at each operation the carriage is permitted to move one space. When it is
desired, however, to move the carriage towards the right the right hand dog 72
turns sufficiently to pass over the teeth of the rack bar, being raised by the engage-
ment of the inclined face of the dog 72. The opposite end of the escapement
lever 68 is thereby depressed and the inclined face of the teeth engages the inclined
face of the left hand dog 72. This dog, however, is capable of turning upon its
pivots so as to lie in a position nearly at right angles to that which it normally
occupies, the spring 74 permitting such movement, and there being no stop to limit
its movement in this direction when it is brought into this position both dogs slide
freely over the top of the rack bar and this permits the carriage to be moved freely
towards the right without raising the escapement from the rack bar.
It is some-
times desirable, however, to raise said escapement so that both of its dogs are
disengaged from said rack-bar. For this purpose a lug 82 is provided upon the
collar 62 and a bar 84 is arranged to extend horizontally across the machine in
front of said projection, one end of said bar being pivoted upon the frame 23, as
shown in Fig. 6. The opposite end of said bar is connected to a rod 86 that is
arranged to slide in bearings upon the frame 24 and being provided with a spring 88
which engages a collar 90 on said rod and holds it normally forward in the position
shown in Fig. 6. The rod 86 preferably extends to a point near the front of the
machine and is provided on this end with a button 92 and when it is desired to

page_text: .
disengage the escapement from the rack-bar the operator pushes upon the rod 86
turning the collar 62 and thereby raising the escapement so as to bring the dogs
out of the rack bar, the frame 60 also turning sufficiently to permit a corresponding
movement to the shaft 58 without any injury to its operating mechanism.
I also prefer to provide the machine with two sets of type bars one for the upper
and the other for the lower case letters. These may be arranged to be operated
with an independent key and lever for each type bar, or I may arrange the machine
so that each key is adapted to operate either an upper or a lower case type bar.
The type bars 88 are pivotally supported upon the frame of the machine and are
arranged so as to strike downward upon the surface of the book or paper that is
arranged upon the book support. I prefer to provide the keys 90 arranged upon
the key bars 92 and to connect to the type bars 88 the connecting rods or wires 94
these wires being connected to the lever 96. The levers 96 are pivotally supported
upon the frame of the machine and are provided with suitable springs 98. The type
bars are preferably arranged in two semi-circular rows as shown in Figs. 4 and 6,
⚫ and the levers 96 are pivotally supported upon the curved frame 100. Said levers
are preferably arranged in pairs as shown in Fig. 7 and the connecting rod 102 is
arranged between each pair of levers, as shown in Figs. 4, 7, 8 and 9. Each rod 102
is connected at its lower end to one of the key levers 92 and at its upper end is
provided with the oppositely arranged notches or recesses 104. The upper ends
of all of said rods 102 pass through the cross bar 106 of a pivoted frame 108, said
cross bar serving as a guide for said rods. The levers 96 are each provided with a
stud or projection 110 and each of said rods 102 is adapted to engage the stud 110
upon either one of two levers. When the frame 108 is thrown forward into the position
shown in Fig. 4, the notches or recesses 104 in the connecting rods 102 will engage
the studs 110 upon the levers connected to one set of type bars. When the frame 108
is turned to the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 9 said connecting rods
will engage the stud upon the levers connected with the other set of type bars. If,
for example, the type bars that are operated by the connecting rods when the
frame 108 is in the position shown in Fig. 4, are the lower case type bars, then
when it is desired to use the capital or upper case type bars said frame 108 will be
thrown into the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 9. The frame 108 is
pivotally supported upon the frame of the machine and it has connected to it at
one side an arm 112 connected by a link 114 also to the "shift" or shifting lever.
Said frame is also provided with a curved plate 116 provided with a stop at each
end and an arm 118 is pivoted upon the side of the frame 108 and has a spring 120
connected to said arm 118 and also to the frame 108 at its pivotal point. A shifting
lever 122 is also connected to the frame 108 at each side of the machine.
levers 122 extend to the front portion of the key board and are provided with
suitable keys 124. The frame 108 is connected to one of said levers 122
directly and to the other by means of the link 114 and the arm 112. Said
arms 112 project to the rear of said frame 108. One of said levers 122 is
therefore used to move the frame 108 in one direction and the other to move it
in the other direction.
The
When it is desired to write an upper case character one of the keys 124 is
depressed and thereby the frame 109 is turned upon its pivotal support and the
connecting rods 102 are disconnected from one set of levers and connected to the
other. As soon as the key 124 is released the spring 120, acting through
the arm 118 and the plate 116, throws said frame 108 back to its original position.
If it is desired to set the mechanism so as to write upper case characters con-
tinuously instead of the lower case characters the arm 18 is thrown so as to bring
it against the stop at the other end of the plate 116, and said frame 108 will then
be normally held in the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 9 and the machine
will write upper case characters, and to cause it to write lower case characters the
other shifting lever will be operated.
I provide a suitable ribbon support or spool 126 at each side of the machine and
provide a belt or cord 128 that extends from a pulley on the side of said spool to a

page_text: suitable pulley 150 that is connected to a gear wheel 132. Said gear wheel is
suitably supported upon the frame of the writing mechanism being preferably
journaled in a suitable cross bar 134 connected to the frame of the machine. Said
gear wheel engages a stationary rack bar 136 so that as the writing mechanism is
moved laterally said gear wheel is turned and thereby one of the ribbon spools is
also turned and the ribbon is drawn off from the other spool and wound upon the
one that is driven by said belt. After the ribbon has been entirely drawn off from
one of said spools, the belt is shifted to the other spool and the movement of the
ribbon is reversed.
I preferably pass the ribbon through a suitable tube or guide 138 provided with
an opening 140 through which the type strike, said tube or guide being preferably
secured upon the U-shaped frame 142 that is supported upon the frame of the
writing mechanism by means of the lugs 144. Springs 146 are connected to said
U-shaped frame and hold the same in its normal position. An adjustable screw 148
is arranged on the frame 142 and bears against the frame of the writing mechanism.
By turning this screw the ribbon guide may be shifted back and forth so as to
bring any desired portion of it beneath the type or said ribbon guide may be moved
so as to uncover the line being written and thus permit an examination of the
work.
It will be seen that this machine is extremely simple in all its parts and may
therefore be made so as to be strong and durable and capable of being operated as
rapidly as any typewriter. The mechanism is adapted to support and automatically
adjust the largest book that can be placed upon the book support. The writing
mechanism may be adjusted so as to write upon either page of the book or if it is
desired to use the machine for writing upon tablets or single sheets of paper they
may be placed upon either one of said book supports and the writing mechanism be
retained in position over said support..
By simply releasing the frame carrying the writing mechanism said frame will
be automatically raised into a vertical position when the work may be examined or
the book or material written upon may be removed.
The details of the construction may obviously be varied in many parts without
departing from my invention and this is especially true of the type bars and the
means for operating them, as I may for this purpose use any of the well known
constructions without departing from my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:―
1. In a typewriter, a supporting frame or base, a transversely movable carriage
mounted thereon, and an automatically adjustable two-part book-support arranged
upon said carriage.
2. In a typewriter the combination of a suitable base or support, a transversely
movable carriage mounted thereon, an automatically adjustable two-part book-
support mounted upon said carriage, a stationary writing mechanism arranged above
said book support and means for moving said carriage to produce letter and word
spacing.
3. In a typewriter, the combination of a suitable base, transversely movable
carriage mounted thereon, an automatically adjustable two-part book-support
mounted upon said carriage, a stationary writing mechanism arranged above said
book support, and means for moving said carriage laterally to provide letter and
word spacing.
4. In a typewriter, the combination with a suitable base or support, a transversely
movable carriage mounted upon said support, an automatically adjustable two-part
book-support upon said carriage for holding the book or material to be written
upon, writing mechanism arranged above said carriage, and means for moving said
carriage laterally to provide letter and word spacing.
5. In a typewriter, the combination with a suitable two-part book-support, of a

page_text: writing mechanism arranged above said book support and means for adjusting and
holding said writing mechanism so as to bring it in position for writing upon either
part of said book support.
6. In a typewriter, the combination with a supporting base or frame, a laterally
movable carriage mounted thereon, an automatically adjustable two part book
support arranged above said carriage, and writing mechanism arranged above said
book support, and capable of being adjusted so as to bring it over either part of
said book support.
7. In a typewriter, the combination with a book support, of a writing mechanism
arranged above said book support and means for adjusting said writing mechanism
so as to bring it over either part of said book support.
8. In a typewriter, the combination with a suitable frame or base, a laterally
movable carriage mounted thereon, a book support provided upon said carriage,
means for moving said carriage laterally and writing mechanism arranged above
said book support and arranged to print upon a book or other material arranged
upon said book support, and means for moving said book or material longitudinally
upon said book support.
9. In a typewriter, the combination with a writing mechanism of a book support
arranged beneath said writing mechanism, means for moving said book support
laterally, and means for feeding or moving a book or material arranged upon. said
book support, longitudinally.
10. In a typewriter the combination with a suitable base, of a laterally movable
carriage arranged thereon, an automatically adjustable two-part book-support
arranged upon said carriage, and writing mechanism arranged above said book
support, means for moving said carriage laterally as the writing mechanism is
operated for producing letter and word spacing, and means for moving the book or
material upon said book support longitudinally for producing line spacing.
11. In a typewriter the combination with the supporting carriage, of the book
support 13 provided with suitable supporting rolls and with an operating roll, and
means for turning said operating roll for moving the material upon said book
support longitudinally for producing line spacing.
12. In a typewriter the combination with the book support 13, the pivoted
brackets 19 connected therewith suitable springs connected with said brackets, and
means for adjusting said springs.
13. In a typewriter the book support 13 provided with the supporting rolls 15,
the operating rolls 35, and means for driving said operating roll.
14. In a typewriter the combination with the book support 13 provided with the
supporting rolls 15 and the guide rolls 17, substantially as described.
15. In a typewriter the combination with the book support, of the operating
roll 35, the operating lever 45, and means connecting said lever with said roll for
driving the same, substantially as described.
16. In a typewriter the combination with the book support and operating roll 35,
of the operating lever 43 and means connecting said lever with said roll and means
for limiting the movement of said lever.
17. In a typewriter the combination with the line spacing lever 43 provided
with a series of dogs 51 and the handle 45, of the stationary plate 47, the
eccentric 55, the lever 59 provided with the pointer 61 and the graduated scale 57,
substantially as described.
18. In a typewriter the combination with the laterally movable carriage 3 of the
book support thereon the line spacing lever 43 provided with a series of dogs 51, a
stationary plate 47, a shaft 53 provided with the eccentric 55, the handle 59,
pointer 61 and graduated scale 57, substantially as described.
19. The combination with the book support 13, of the brackets 19 pivoted
thereto, the springs 25 connected to said brackets and to shafts 21, the ratchet 27,
and pawls 29 for adjusting the tension of said springs, substantially as described.
20. In a typewriter, the combination with a suitable two-part support arranged
to hold a book or paper in a flat or level position with its upper surface in

page_text: position to be written upon, of a writing mechanism arranged above said support,
means for holding said writing mechanism in a horizontal position, for moving
said writing mechanism laterally to bring it over either part of said support,
and means for turning said writing mechanism into a substantially vertical
position.
21. In a typewriter the combination with a two part book support, of a writing
mechanism arranged above said book support, means for holding said writing
mechanism in position to write upon the book or paper held upon said book support,
means for adjusting said writing mechanism laterally to bring it over either part
of said book support, and means for turning said writing mechanism into an
upright position, substantially as described.
22. In a typewriter the combination with a suitable base, a two part book
support arranged thereon, standards upon said base, a cross bar supported thereon
and a laterally movable writing mechanism supported upon said cross bar above
said book support.
23. The combination with the two part book support the cross bar 6 and
means for supporting said cross bars, of the writing mechanism supported upon
said cross bar above said book support and capable of being laterally adjusted
thereon.
24. The combination with the two part book support the cross bar 6 and
means for supporting the same, and the writing mechanism provided with a
frame 24 supported upon said cross bar and arranged to be turned into an upright
position and to be laterally adjusted thereon.
25. In a typewriter the combination with the two part book support and the
cross bar 6 and means for supporting said cross bar, of the writing mechanism
provided with the frame 24, means for supporting said frame in a horizontal
position upon said cross bar, means for adjusting said frame laterally upon said
cross bar, and means for turning said frame into an upright position.
26. In a typewriter the combination with the two part book support, the cross
bar 6 and means for supporting said cross bar, of the laterally adjustable frame 24
mounted thereon, and the writing mechanism supported upon said frame.
27. In a typewriter the combination with a suitable base, a laterally adjust-
able carriage mounted thereon, a two part book support mounted upon said
carriage, a cross bar 6 extending above said book support and arranged in suitable
standards on said base, and a writing mechanism supported upon said cross bar
and capable of being laterally adjusted thereon so as to bring it over either part
of said book support.
28. In a typewriter the combination with the type bars and the operating
levers 96 provided with the studs 110 of the key bars 92, the connecting rods 102
provided with the notches or recesses 104 and the adjustable frame 108, substantially
as described.
29. In a typewriter the combination with the type bars and the operating
levers 96, of the key bars 92, the connecting rods 102, and means for disengaging
said rods from said levers 96, substantially as described.
30. In a typewriter the combination with the type bars, of the operating levers 96,
the key bars 92, the adjustable frame 108, the connecting rods extending from said
key bars to said operating levers, the levers 122 provided with the keys 124
connected to said arm 108, substantially as described.
31. The combination with the laterally movable carriage provided with the
rack bar 93, of the stationary writing mechanism, the escapement upon said
writing mechanism, and means for operating the same, and means for moving said
writing mechanism and escapement laterally over said carriage.
32. The combination with the laterally movable carriage, and an automatically
adjustable book support arranged thereon, of a rack bar secured upon said
carriage, a writing mechanism arranged above said carriage, a book support, a
spring for moving said carriage, and an escapement upon said writing mechanism
for releasing said carriage, substantially as described.

page_text: 33. The combination with the rack bar 93, of the pivoted lever 68 provided
with the dogs 72, springs 74 connecting said dogs a spring 70 for depressing one
end of said lever and means for depressing the opposite end of said lever,
substantially as described.
34. The combination with the rack bar 93, of the pivoted escapement lever 68
provided with the dog 72 and the connecting spring 74.
35. The combination with the carriage provided with the rack bar 93, of the
cross bar 6, the collar 62 supported thereon, the escapement lever arranged upon
said collar and provided with dogs adapted to engage said rack bar.
36. The combination with the carriage provided with the rack bar 93, the cross
bar 6, the frame 24 supported upon said cross bar, the collar 62 provided with the
escapement, and means for turning said collar upon said bar and thereby releasing
said escapement from said rack bar.
37. The combination with the carriage provided with the rack bar 93, of the
cross bar 6, the frame 24 arranged thereon and provided with the writing
mechanism and movable collar 62, the escapement pivoted upon said collar the
pivoted bar 84 adapted to engage said collar and the operating rod 92 engaging
said bar.
38. The combination with the two part book support, the cross bar, the laterally
adjustable sleeve mounted thereon, the frame mounted upon said cross bar and
turning thereon and the writing mechanism supported upon said frame above said
book support..
39. The combination in a typewriter with the ribbon and its supports, of the
ribbon guide, and means for moving said guide so as to expose the line beneath
said guide.
40. The combination in a typewriter with the ribbon of the ribbon guide 138,.
the frame 142 connected therewith, springs 146 connected with said frame and the
adjusting screw 148.
41. The combination of the automatically adjustable and the movable book-
support, with a stationary roller adapted to hold a book upon said support flat
open, suitable tracks upon which said support is adapted to move, means for
moving said support forward upon said tracks step by step, and a suitable type-
writer movably supported above said support and adapted to print characters.
upon the book held beneath said roller and upon the support, substantially as
described.
42. The combination, with an automatically adjustable spring-supported two
part book support and means for holding a book thereon, of a typewriter arranged
above said support and adapted to print characters on a book arranged upon said
support.
43. The combination, with a book-support consisting of independent spring
supported plates, and a transverse roller above said support, against which a book.
is adapted to he pressed by said book-support, of a typewriter arranged above
said support, adapted to print characters on a book or paper arranged thereon,
and means for moving said typewriter from above said support.
Dated this 12th day of July 1892.
J. E. EVANS-JACKSON & Co.,
Applicant's Agents.