IMPROVEMENTS IN THE 'GETTING. AND TREATMENT OF PEAT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FUEL, THE UTILIZING OF WASTE HEAT FOR DRYING THE PEAT, ALSO THE OBTAINING OF DISTILLATORY PRODUCTS THEREFROM, AND IN THE MACHINERY, APPARATUS, OR MEANS: EMPLOYED THEREIN.
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Joseph Kennelly, of the Inner Temple,
London, Esquire, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE 'GETTING.
AND TREATMENT OF PEAT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FUEL, THE UTILIZING
OF WASTE HEAT FOR DRYING THE PEAT, ALSO THE OBTAINING OF DISTILLATORY
PRODUCTS THEREFROM, AND IN THE MACHINERY, APPARATUS, OR MEANS:
EMPLOYED THEREIN.'
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Joseph Ken-
nelly at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 16th September 1873.
I, DAVID JOSEPH KENNELLY, of the Inner Temple, London, Esquire, .
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE 'GETTING' AND TREATMENT OF PEAT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FUEL, THE
UTILIZING OF WASTE HEAT FOR DRYING THE PEAT, ALSO THE OBTAINING OF DIS-
TILLATORY PRODUCTS THEREFROM, AND IN THE MACHINERY, APPARATUS, OR MEANS
EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
This Invention rclates generally to the " getting" and treatment of -
peat with a view to the manufacture of fuel therefrom; and comprises -

page_text: apparatus for "getting" the peat from the bog, means for utilizing
waste heat and applying the same to the drying of peat, certain
methods of treating the peat with a view to manufacturing various
kinds of fuel for various purposes therefrom, and the distillation of peat
for obtaining distillatory products therefrom as well as peat charcoal.
I employ for the purpose of getting the peat a machine of latticed
ironwork, latticed on three sides and open on the fourth, the inner
section being square or rectangular, varying from twelve inches upwards,
according to the nature of the peat.
The length of the machine is the greatest depth of the bog, plus
about six feet. The machines work in couples within a frame and a
cog wheel is placed between the machines working both machines and
capable of being disconnected from one or other of the machines, one
going down into the peat while the other ascends. An eccentric shovel
or scoop takes out the peat from the up-coming machine.
An indicator is attached to the machine on the advancing side com-
posed of a number of light metal rods forming a segment of the
machine or machines, so fitted as to descend into the bog, and on
meeting any hard substance, such as bog wood or otherwise, would
denote the position and form of such when upon a certain pressure it
would ring an alarum and stop the engine.
After the removal of the peat by the machine from above the ob-
struction a cutter, which might be separate from the machine, but which
if attached would be composed of iron having a circular saw at its
extremity worked from the machine by a belt would be lowered upon
the obstruction, if of wood, and cut, the portion cut would then be
removed by a pair of pointed clutch hooks of ordinary form, and the
remaining portion of the segment of peat taken up by the machine as
before. The whole runs on a wooden tram platform geared to the
engine, which engine may be worked by gas, steam, or air.
At the bottom of the machine is a falling door closed by the action of
raising the machine from the bottom. Four or more machines may be
simultaneously worked if desired.
When shale is worked this machine excavates the peat in sections for
the next machine which I call my peat plough, and into these excavated
sections I pitch waste ash from the shale, and so fill up and make the

page_text: ground, and at the same time effect the drainage of the peat, moss, or
bog.
The peat plough is worked by an endless wire rope and cuts the peat
from either end as the plough may be worked backwards and forwards.
Each end of the plough is rectangular with a bevelled face, and as it is
pulled it cuts the peat and by an arrangement at the side which shifts
as the plough works backward and forward delivers the peat into an
endless railway at the side of the plough.
The delivery of the peat is worked by an endless wire rope over pulleys
by the railway. The peat so obtained may be dried in the peat house
described in my Provisional Specification, No. 2813%, or by any other
convenient means.
The peat is masticated by means of a machine consisting of two
metal rollers surmounted by a hopper, into which the peat from the bog
or peat house, as the case may be, is delivered from these rollers the peat
passes into a metal casing surrounded by steam. Within the casing a
right and left screw works in grooves in the casing, which action without
unduly compressing masticates the peat sufficiently for my purpose,
and delivers it as cut bricks on to travellers such as are described in
my said Provisional Specification, No. 2813%, for drying in my said
peat house either for peat fuel simple or for the purpose of being con-
verted into peat charcoal.
The peat intended for charcoal is delivered to my retorts described
in my said Provisional Specification, in which retorts I distil therefrom
the secondary products of tar, light and heavy oils, ammonia, salts,.
paraffin, and gas.
Surface peat suitable to my purpose I dry and cut by any suitable or
well-known machinery into various shapes for lighting fires or heating
water in small quantities, such as in kettles and the like. When cut I
heat the portions of peat and dip or immerse them in the heated pro-
ducts of the peat distillation or products obtained from the distillation
of shale, after which I dry the same by a sharp heat and thus finish for
the market.
When I make what is known as "patent peat fuel" I supply the
heated peat and products of distillation into another masticator after the
first mastication is completed, and then intimately mix the peat and

page_text: peat or shale distillatory products and heat again, as in the case of the
fire lighters.
Where peat is found adjacent to factories or other places where heat
is much used, I conserve or collect the heat by connecting the flues of
the various steam boilers and furnaces and other apparatus wherein
combustion is going forward, and using a blast fan so as to drive or
draw the heat so trapped from the flue or flues into a heating chamber
and the vapour out therefrom, and dry the peat by travellers or other
suitable travelling apparatus as described in my said Provisional Speci-
fication.
In cases where ironstone is being calcined or where slag is deposited,
or where limestone is being burnt, I would erect suitable bricked or
other flues admitting the waste heat at one end by a door or other
regulating apparatus and delivering the heat by a blast fan or other means
into the peat house, and at the same time withdrawing the vapor of
the drying peat therefrom.
In the case of shale refuse or bog head refuse, or of inferior shale
or blaes not used for the purposes of distillation, or heaps or banks of
"black stuff," consisting of spent shale and bog head coal, I propose to
erect flues at the base of or near the "heaps," and tip the same on the
flues and fire the same so as to utilise the heat therefrom, altering the
position of the flues as may be necessary relative to the heap or heaps,
and having as before an inlet for air and outlet by fan into or from the
peat house.
I also propose to utilize the gas or gases arising from the distillation
of shale, coal, peat, or other bituminous substances, and from the re-
fining of oils obtained therefrom, by burning the same in flues leading
to the peat house, which peat house in any of the above cases may be
either fixed or moveable.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors
give and grant unto me, the said David Joseph Kennelly, Her special
license that I, the said David Joseph Kennelly, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said David Joseph
Kennelly, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE 'GETTING' AND TREATMENT OF PEAT FOR THE MANUFAC-
TURE OF FUEL, THE UTILIZING OF WASTE HEAT FOR DRYING THE PEAT, ALSO THE
OBTAINING OF DISTILLATORY PRODUCTS THEREFROM, AND IN THE MACHINERY AND
APPARATUS OR MEANS EMPLOYED THEREIN,' upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said David Joseph Kennelly, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing, under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said David Joseph Kennelly, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say :-
This Invention relates generally to the "getting" and treatment of
peat with a view to the manufacture of fuel therefrom, and comprises
apparatus for "getting" the peat from the bog, means for utilizing
waste heat, and applying the same to the drying of peat, certain methods
of treating the peat with a view to manufacturing various kinds of fuel
for various purposes therefrom, and the distillation of peat for obtaining
distillatory products therefrom, as well as peat charcoal.
I employ for the purpose of getting the peat a machine of latticed
ironwork, latticed on three sides and open on the fourth, the inner

page_text: $
section being square or rectangular, varying from twelve inches upwards,
according to the nature of the peat.
The length of the machine is the greatest depth of the bog, plus about
six feet. The machines work in couples within a frame, and a cog wheel
is placed between the machines working both machines, and capable of
being disconnected from one or other of the machines, one going down
into the peat, while the other ascends an eccentric shovel or scoop, takes
out the peat from the up-coming machine.
An indicator is attached to the machine on the advancing side com-
posed of a number of light metal rods forming a segment of the 1
machine or machines so fitted as to descend into the bog, and on
meeting any hard substance, such as bog wood or otherwise, would
detect the position and form of such; when upon a certain pressure it
would ring an alarum, and stop the engine. The whole runs on a
wooden tram platform geared to the engine, which engine may be 1
,worked by gas, steam, or air.
At the bottom of the machine is a falling door closed by the action of
raising the machine from the bottom. Four or more machines may be
simultaneously worked if desired.
When shale is worked this machine excavates the peat in sections for 2
'the next machine, which I call my peat plough, and into these excavated
sections I pitch waste ash from the shale, and so fill up and make
the ground, and at the same time effect the drainage of the peat moss,
or bog.
The peat plough is worked by an endless wire rope, and cuts the peat a
from either end, as the plough may be worked backwards and forwards.
Each end of the plough is rectangular with a bevelled face, and as it is
pulled it cuts the peat, and by an arrangement at the side, which shifts
as the plough works backward and forward, delivers the peat into an
endless railway at the side of the plough.
The delivery of the peat is worked by an endless wire rope over pulleys
by the railway. The peat so obtained may be dried in the peat house
described in my Provisional Specification, No. 2813%, or by any other
convenient means.
The peat is masticated by means of a machine consisting of two
metal rollers surmounted by a hopper, into which the peat from the bog

page_text: or peat house, as the case may be, is delivered. From these rollers the
peat passes into a metal casing surrounded by steam. Within the
casing a right and left screw works in grooves in the casing, which
action without unduly compressing masticates the peat sufficiently for
my purpose, and delivers it as cut bricks on to travellers, such as are
described in my said Provisional Specification, No. 2813, for drying
in my said peat house either for peat fuel simple or the purpose of being
converted into peat charcoal.
The peat intended for charcoal is delivered to my retorts, described in
my said Provisional Specification, in which retorts I distil therefrom
the secondary products of tar lights and heavy oils, ammonia, salts,
paraffin, and gas.
Surface peat suitable to my purpose I dry and cut by any suitable or
well-known machinery into various shapes for lighting fires or heating
water in small quantities, such as in kettles, and the like. When cut
I heat the portions of peat, and dip or immerse them in the heated
products of the peat distillation or products obtained from the distil-
lation of shale, after which I dry the same by a sharp heat, and thus
finish for the market.
66
When I make what is known as patent peat fuel," I supply the
heated peat and products of distillation into another masticator after the
first mastication is completed, and then intimately mix the peat and peat
or shale distillatory products, and heat again, as in the case of the fire
lighters.
Where peat is found adjacent to factories or other places where heat
is much used, I conserve or collect the heat by connecting the flues of
the various steam boilers and furnaces, and other apparatus wherein
combustion is going forward, and using a blast fan so as to drive or
draw the heat so trapped from the flue or flues into a heating chamber
and the vapor out therefrom, and dry the peat by travellers
other suitable travelling apparatus, as described in my said Provisional
Specification.
or
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, I
shall now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that
purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheets of the
Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in
all the Figures,

page_text: I
Figure 1 (Sheet 1) represents a front elevation of a machine forming
part of this Invention for "getting" the peat from the bog; Figure 2
(Sheet 1), a side or end elevation of the same; and Figure 3 (Sheet 1),
a plan of the same.
.
A is an upright movable cutting frame or box mounted between the
bearings x, x, on the insides of the side frames B, B, and formed of
latticed ironwork on three of its sides and open on the fourth side, its
length being the greatest depth of the bog, plus about six feet, and its
horizontal section square or retangular, according to the nature of the
peat it has to cut through, its lower end is formed with a bevilled or
knife edge, and is provided with hinged flaps or doors C, C, which either
open up into the interior of the frame or box A. (as shewn by dotted ·|
lines) or close and fall together accross the same (as shewn) for the
purpose hereafter described. Fixed to the back side of the frame or
box. A is a rack D geared into by a toothed wheel E fixed to the shaft F,
which is mounted in bearings formed on the side frames B, B, (as
shewn), and driven by suitable power acting on the pulley G fixed at
one end of the shaft F for giving a vertical reciprocating motion to the
frame or box A. in the bearings x, x, before-mentioned. At the ends of
the shaft F are fixed pullies H, H, driving by means of belts or endless
bands the pulleys and eccentries I, I, fixed on shafts J, J, carried in
bearings on the side frames B, B. The pulleys and eccentrics I, I, act
upon levers K, K, fixed to the shafts L, L, the latter communicating
motion to the slotted levers M, M, also fixed to the shafts L, L, and
connected at their slotted ends with the pin N forming a hinge to the
shovel O, the hinge pin N being mounted in bearings or brackets sliding
over horizontal arms or brackets P, P, projecting from the side
frames B, B, as shewn. The inner edge of the shovel O is. bevilled or
knife edged, and its outer edge is bent or turned up so as to strike against
a bar Q fixed at each end to each of the side frames B, B, and extending
horizontally accross the open side of the frame or box A immediately
over, and in proximity to the shovel O. Z, Z, are springs between the
slotted levers M, M, and the side frames B, B, for the purpose hereafter
described; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, are metal rods or indicators sliding freely
through guide bars R and S, and formed at their upper ends with heads 3
or buttons resting on the upper guide bar R and pressing against the
under side of a stout piece of india-rubber, or other suitable material
attached to the upper side of the guide bar R for the purpose hereafter

page_text: described. The whole is mounted on a platform or carriage running on
flanged wheels over a suitable railway laid across the surface of the peat
bog by means of an engine worked by air, gas, or steam.
The manner in which the machine operates for "getting" the peat is
as follows:-Motion being given in one direction to the shaft F the
toothed wheel E gearing into the rack D, causes the frame or box A to
descend in its bearings x, x, to an opening in the platform or carriage,
when meeting with the surface of the peat the pressure of the latter
will force the hinged flaps or doors C, C, open into the positions shewn
by dotted lines, and the frame or box A continuing to descend will
cut down through the peat until the upper end is nearly level with the
shovel O, and its lower end is as far down in the peat as the length of
the frame or box A below its upper end will allow. The shaft F and
toothed wheel E are now reversed and the frame or box A begins to
ascend with its load of peat which pressing upon the open hinged flaps or
doors C, C, closes the same as shewn, thereby forming a bottom to the
frame or box A for the peat therein to rest on. As the frame or box A
ascends and at each revolution of the shafts J, J, the eccentrics I, I,
push down the levers K, K, which partly turning the shaft L com-
municate motion to the slotted levers M, M, and cause the latter to pull
the shovel O forwards on the arms P, P, and passing through the open
side of the frame or box A to cut or slice into the peat therein, the knife
edge of the shovel O having been forced through the peat to the back
side of the frame or box A, the turned up edge at the back of the
shovel O strikes against the bar Q which causes the shovel O to be
canted or thrown over backwards, and the slice or block of peat resting
thereon to be tipped into a truck or other receptacle for conveyance to
the peat house described in my Provisional Specification No. 281373, or
to a machine where it is masticated as hereafter described.
As the eccentrics J, J, are leaving the levers K, K, the slotted
levers M, M, are forced back by springs Z, Z, into their original or
normal positions, thus withdrawing or pulling back the shovel O ready.
for repeating the operation which takes place when the eccentrics I, I,
again act upon the levers K, K, during the next revolution of their
shafts J, J.

page_text: these is indicated by the metal rods or indicators 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, the
lower ends of which striking against any resisting substance cause the
heads or buttons on their upper ends to press upon the india-rubber or
other material attached to the upper guide bar R and respectively
denote the form and position of such obstruction, at the same time
ringing a bell or alarum by which the machine is stopped.
A cutter which might be separate from the machine, but which, if
attached, would be composed of iron having a circular saw at its
extremity worked from the machine by a belt would be lowered upon
the obstruction (if of wood) and cut. The portion cut would then be
removed by a pair of pointed clutch hooks of ordinary form, and the
remaining portion of the section of peat taken up by the machine as
before.
The above description applies to a single machine only, but they may
be worked in couples by the same toothed wheel E, one frame or box 1
going down into the peat whilst the other is coming up, the toothed
wheel E being disconnected from either as desired.
Where shale is worked I pitch into the holes left by the excavated
sections of peat waste ash or other refuse from the shale, and so fill up
and make good the ground, and at the same time effect the drainage of 2
the peat moss or bog.
Figure 4 (Sheet 1) represents a side elevation of a peat plough or
another form of this Invention for " getting" the peat, and Figure 5
(Sheet 1) a plan of the same.
A represents the plough formed at each end with a rectangular box 2
like scoop B, having its front edges bevilled or knife-edged; C, C¹, are
inclined planes or surfaces rising from the bottom of the plough A, as
shewn, and meeting at their apex or point x against the upright centre
portion of the plough A; F is a metal plate hinged at the point x as
shewn, and forming a continuation of the surface of either of the 3
inclined planes C, C³, as desired and as hereafter described.
The plough A is moved backwards and forwards across the peat bog
by suitable power in connection with an endless wire rope attached to
the centre portion of the plough A (as partly shewn) and cuts the peat
from the surface in either direction accordingly. When the plough A is 3
moving in the direction of the arrow the peat is cut or sliced off by the

page_text: advancing scoop B, and passing through the latter, mounts the inclined
plane or surface C and over the bent metal plate F into an endless
ailway at the side of the plough A (not shewn in the Drawing.) When
the plough A is moving in the opposite direction the hinged bent metal
plate F is reversed or thrown over in line with the inclined plane or
surface C (as shown by dotted lines), and the peat is cut and passed
over it from the other end of the plough A. The endless railway before
mentioned either conveys the peat to the peat house described in my said
Provisional Specification or to a machine for masticating the same, which
latter I will now proceed to describe:
-
Figure 6 (Sheet 2) represents a side sectional elevation of this
machine; Figure 7 (Sheet 2) a sectional plan, and Figure 8 (Sheet 2) a
vertical section of the same.
A, A, represent two metal rollers fixed on shafts 1, 2, mounted in
suitable bearings in the sides of a frame or box B, which is surmounted
by a hopper C, and rests on the upper portion of a cylindrical metal
casing D (surrounded by steam) communicating with the interior of the
latter by a shoot b. The metal rollers A, A, are caused to revolve in
opposite directions by toothed wheels gearing into each other fixed at
corresponding ends of the shafts 1 and 2 respectively, and driven by
suitable power acting on a pulley on the opposite ends of the shaft 1, as
shewn in Figure 8. E, E, are right and left-handed screws fixed on
shafts 3, 4, mounted in suitable bearings at the ends of the cylindrical
metal casing D, the threads of one screw E engage with the threads of
the other screw E.
By an arrangement of gear in connection with the shafts 3 and 4
similar to that described for driving the metal rollers A, A, the screws
E, E, are driven or caused to revolve in opposite directions. H is a
mouth or mould fixed to and communicating at one end with the interior
of the metal cylindrical casing D, and at its outer end with travellers,
such as described in my said Provisional Specification, No. 28137. .
Motion being given to the machine as before mentioned the peat
from the bog or peat house is tipped into the hopper C and passes
into the frame or box B where it is crushed between the rollers A, A,
it then passes through the shoot b to the interior of the cylindrical
casing D, and meets with the right and left handed screws E, E,
(revolving in opposite directions), by the action of which the peat

page_text: is sufficiently masticated for the required purpose without being unduly
compressed, and finally screwed or forced through the mouth or mould H,
outside which it is cut into bricks or blocks and delivered on to the
travellers before mentioned for conveyance to the peat house, where
it may be dried either for peat fuel simple, or for conversion into peat
charcoal.
The peat intended for charcoal is delivered to my retorts described
in my said Provisional Specification, in which retorts I distil therefrom
the secondary products of tar, light and heavy oils, ammonia, salts,
paraffin, and gas.
Surface peat suitable to my purpose I dry and cut by any suitable
or well-known machinery into various shapes for lighting fires or heating
water in small quantities, such as in kettles, and the like; when cut
I heat the portions of peat and dip or immerse them in the heated
products of the peat distillation, or products obtained from the dis-
tillation of shale, after which I dry the same by a sharp heat, and thus
finish for the market.
When I make what is known as patent peat fuel I supply the
heated peat and products of distillation into another masticator after
the first mastication is completed, and then intimately mix the peat,
and peat or shale distillatory products, and heat again, as in the case of
the fire lighters.
Where peat is found adjacent to factories or other places where heat
is much used, I conserve or collect the heat by connecting the flues of
the various steam boilers and furnaces, and other apparatus wherein 2
combustion is going forward, and using a blast fan so as to drive or
draw the heat so trapped from the flue or flues into a heating chamber
and the vapour out therefrom, and dry the peat by travellers or other
suitable travelling apparatus, as described in my said Provisional Specifi-
cation. .
2
In cases where ironstone is being calcined, or where slag is deposited,
or where limestone is being burned, I would erect suitable brick or
other flues, admitting the waste heat at one end by a door or other
regulating apparatus, and delivering the heat by a blast fan or other
means into the peat house, and at the same time withdrawing the vapour 3
of the drying peat therefrom.

page_text: }
In the case of shale refuse, or boghead refuse, or of inferior shale, or.
"blaes," not used for the purposes of distillation, or heaps or banks
of "black stuff," consisting of spent shale and boghead coal, I propose
to erect flues at the base of or near the heaps, and tip the same on.
to the flues and fire the same so as to utilize the heat therefrom,
altering the position of the flues as may be necessary relative to the
heap or heaps, and having as before an inlet for air and an outlet
by fan into or from the peat house.
I also propose to utilize the gas or gases arising from the distillation
of shale, coal peat, or other bituminous substances, and from the refining
of oils obtained therefrom, by burning the same in flues leading to the
peat house, which peat house in any of the above cases may be either
fixed or removable.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The application and use of an upright reciprocating cutting
frame or box, either singly or in couples, in combination with a
sliding, cutting, and tipping shovel, substantially as and for the
purposes herein-before described.
Second. The application and use of a peat plough, in combination
with a hinged bent metal plate, substantially as and for the purpose
herein before described.
Third. The application of right and left handed screws revolving in
opposite directions inside a cylindrical casing surrounded by steam, and
engaging with each other, in combination with feeding rollers working
in a frame or box surmounted by a hopper and with a mould or mouth,
substantially as and for the purpose herein-before described.
Fourth. Dipping or immersing the cut blocks of dried peat in the
heated products of the peat distillation, or products obtained from the
distillation of shale, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before set
forth.
Fifth. The application and use of the waste heat collected or con-
served from the various steam boilers, furnaces, and other places where

page_text: combustion is going forward, or in cases where ironstone is being
calcined, slag deposited, or limestone burned, or from the firing of
shale refuse, or heaps of black stuff, in combination with a blast fan
and heating chamber for the purpose of drying peat, substantially as and
for the purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Joseph Kennelly, have to this
my Specification set my hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of
March One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
D. J. KENNELLY. (L.S.)