IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CARDING AND CONDENSING
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Apperly, Cloth Manufacturer, and William
Clissold, Engineer, both of Dudbridge, in the County of Gloucester, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CARDING AND CONDENSING
Sealed the 27th April 1858, and dated the 2nd November 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Apperly and
William Clissold at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 2nd November 1857.
We, JAMES APPERLY, Cloth Manufacturer, and WILLIAM CLISSOLD, Engineer,
both of Dudbridge, in the County of Gloucester, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CARDING AND CONDENSING
ENGINES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention of improvements applicable to carding and condensing
engines relates to a novel construction or arrangement of the parts connected
with the doffing and feeding arrangements of carding and condensing engines,
and is more particularly applicable to the woollen manufacture, but the im-
provements may also, with trifling modifications, be applied to cotton machi-
nery. In place of doffing or removing the fibres from the doffer by means of
a comb or other analogous contrivance, we effect this object by means of an
endless band, covered with wire cards or card teeth, and mounted vertically on
rollers, arranged in such a manner as to cause the surface of the card teeth of
the endless cloth or band to touch the surface of the doffer throughout its
whole length. The endless band may be placed at any angle that may be
found most convenient for taking off the fibres from the doffer, the particular

page_text: angle required depending in a great measure upon the length of the doffer
cylinder, and the nature of the material to be operated upon. The endless
band having taken off the fibres, it is enabled to convey them to any other
machine, and supposing that they are to be supplied to another carding or
condensing engine, a taking-off roller provided on its, surface, with helical
strips or bands of card teeth or wire cards is made to rotate in contact with
the moving surface of the endless band, and take off the fibres, and deposit
them in strips on the feed table or travelling feed cloth of the second engine or
machine; a comb or other equivalent contrivance being employed to strip this
second or taking-off roller.
A condensed sliver or ribbon may be produced by conducting the sheet
through a trumpet mouth, and then by means of a pair of vertical rollers
laying it on, or supplying it to the vertical band, whereby it may be conducted
to another machine, or a condensed sliver may be in a somewhat similar
manner drawn out of a tin can, such as is now commonly used in the wool and
cotton manufacture.
1.)
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Apperly and William. Clissold in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 1st May 1858.
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:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
APPERLY, Cloth Manufacturer, and WILLIAM CLISSOLD, Engineer, both of
Dudbridge, in the County of Gloucester, send greeting:
J
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the, twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant" unto us,
the said James Apperly and William Clissold, Her special license that we,
the said James Apperly and William Clissold, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said James Apperly and William
Clissold, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for. "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO
CARDING AND CONDENSING ENGINES." upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said James Apperly and William Clissold; by an instrument in writing

page_text: under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be. filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Clissold, on behalf of myself,.
and of the said James Apperly, do hereby, declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say):-
Our Invention of improvements applicable to carding and condensing
engines relates to a novel construction or arrangement of the parts connected
with the doffing and feeding arrangements of carding and condensing engines,
and is more particularly applicable to tlie woollen manufacture, but the im-
provements may also, with trifling modifications, be applied to cotton machi-
nery. In place of doffing or removing the fibres from the doffer by means of
a comb or other analogous contrivance, we effect this object by means of an
endless band, covered with wire. cards or card teeth; this endless band is
mounted vertically on rollers, arranged in such a manner as to cause the sur-
face of the card teeth of the endless cloth or band to touch the surface of the
doffer throughout its whole length. The endless band may be placed at any
angle that may be found most convenient for taking off the fibres from the
doffer, the particular angle required depending, in a great measure, upon the
length of the doffer cylinder and the nature of the material to be operated
upon. The endless band having taken off the fibres, it is enabled to convey.
them to any other machine, and supposing that they are to be supplied to
another carding or condensing engine, a taking-off roller, provided on its
surface with helical strips or bands of card teeth, or wire cards, is made to
rotate in contact with the moving surface of the endless band, and take off the
fibres, and deposit them in strips on the feed table or travelling feed cloth of
the second engine or machine; a comb or other equivalent contrivance being
employed to strip this second or taking-off roller.
A condensed sliver or ribbon may be produced by conducting the sheet.
through a trumpet mouth, and then, by means of a pair of vertical rollers,
laying it on, or supplying it to the vertical endless band, whereby it may be
conducted to another machine, or a.condensed sliver may be in a somewhat
similar manner drawn out of a tin can, such as is now commonly used in the
wool and cotton manufacture..

page_text: In order, however, that our improvements may be properly understood, we
have shewn in the accompanying Drawings the mode of arranging the various
parts.
Fig. 1 is a plan view of an arrangement for stripping the doffer of a carding
engine, and conducting the sheet or sliver so doffed to the feeding cloth of
another carding engine or of a condenser. a, represents the doffer of a carding
engine through which the wool or other fibrous substance has passed. The
fibres are taken off from the doffer a by means of the travelling endless band
b, b, which is provided with card teeth, and passes round the vertical pullies or
rollers c, c; Fig. 2 is a front elevation, shewing the manner of adapting the
endless band to the doffer. It will be seen that this band is placed at an angle
to the doffer, and also to the taking-off cylinder d of the next engine. Upon
the several parts being put in motion, and caused to rotate in the direction of
the arrows, the endless travelling band 6 will strip the doffer a in the form of a
narrow sheet of the width of the band b. This sheet will be carried round one
of the rollers c, and brought against the taking-off roller d, which is provided
on its surface with a helical coil of wire card, by means of which the sheet of
fibre is stripped off the endless travelling band b, and when the fibres are
carried round to the feed cloth e of the next machine, they are doffed off the
roller d by means of a vibrating comb f, and deposited in diagonal layers or
bands, as shewn in the Figure on the travelling feed cloth e, e, whereby they
are fed into the next machine.
.
Fig. 3 is a plan. view of a modification of the above, the only difference
being, that the fibres in Fig. 3 are doffed from the doffer a of the first machine
by means of a vibrating comb, and are passed through a trumpet g for the
purpose of giving them a slight twist and converting them into a condensed:
sliver or roping. In this state the sliver or roping may be conducted from the
trumpet 9 to a pair of vertical rollers h, h, whereby the sliver or roping will be
flattened out and fed to the endless band b, and transferred from thence to the
helical card of the taking off roller d, as in the former instance. The sliver is
then doffed by means of a vibrating comb f, and deposited on the travelling
feed cloth. e, in the form of diagonal bands, as in Fig. 1.
We would here remark, that in order to avoid confusion in the Drawings,
we have not shewn the gearing whereby the several parts are to be actuated,
as such mechanical arrangements must depend entirely upon the peculiar con-
struction and arrangement of the carding engine or other machine to which our
improvements are intended to be applied. They must, therefore, necessarily
vary, but this must be left to the discretion and judgment of the machine
maker, who will without difficulty be able to obtain the requisite motions from

page_text: the other well known parts on which our improvements must always be
dependent.
It will be seen that by means of our improvements we are enabled to
deposit on the travelling feed cloth of a carding engine or condenser a regular
series of flat diagonal bands or strips of any convenient or suitable width,
depending upon the width of the travelling endless wire card band b, and that
by this means the fibres will be thoroughly mixed or intermingled so as to
produce a yarn of the required quality.
Having now described our Invention of "Improvements Applicable to
Carding and Condensing Engines," and the means of carrying the same into
effect, we would observe in conclusion, that we claim as of our Invention the
improved mode herein shewn and described of stripping the doffers of carding
engines, and of feeding the fibrous substance to carding engines or condensers
in the form of strips or bands deposited at any angle on a travelling feed cloth
or other analogous contrivance.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Clissold, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the First day of May, in the year of our Lord,. One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
WILLIAM CLISSOLD. (L.S.)