Improvements in Steam Turbines and Machinery for the same for Marine Purposes.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Turbines and Machinery for the same for
Marine Purposes.
I, The Honourable CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS, of Heaton Works, Newcastle-
on-Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the arrangement of turbine machinery
for vessels where it is desirable to have greater power of manoeuvring than can be
obtained by simply going ahead or astern with one screw propeller or one set of
Screw propellers as a whole. My invention also enables me to obtain extreme
lightness and compactness in the arrangement of turbine machinery, and to obtain
economy in consumption of steam.
In carrying my invention into effect in the arrangement of compound turbine
machinery in vessels, I employ four turbine motors to drive four screw shafts with
two reversing motors coupled to two of the shafts for going astern, and I control
the whole by means of four stop valves, so that the vessel may work ahead or
astern as may be desired.
I sometimes arrange the four turbine motors which are coupled to four screw
shafts by placing two of the motors on each side of the vessel in series on the steam,
while the reversing motor coupled to one of the shafts I independently connect to
the steam supply and condensor, in order that the engines may work ahead or
astern on each side of the vessel, as may be desired.
When arranging my machinery in order to obtain great economy in circum-
stances where the speed of revolution of the motors is limited, I prefer to place the
motors as much as possible in series on the steam, and to obtain the lesser power
of manoeuvring by admitting the steam to either one of the two low pressure motors
for going ahead on one side only, and to admit steam through both the reversing
motors in series, and by this arrangement to back with two of the screw shafts, as
the low pressure motors are more powerful than reversing motors, the result being
a backing of one shaft, with a thrusting ahead of the other.
I vary the arrangements of steam supply to the four turbine motors coupled to
the four screw shafts by providing that the high pressure, the intermediate, and
the two low pressure motors shall be in series on the steam, the two reversing
turbines being coupled to two of the screw shafts, and consisting of a high pressure
and a low pressure motor.
Where greater safety from total break-down of the machinery is desired I
prefer to divide the engines into two groups, and I may use any number of motors
and screw shafts, and I may make a combination of two, three or more aliead
motors coupled to several screw shafts with one, two or more reversing motors,.
the motors being arranged in series, parallel or compound parallel, for the purpose

page_text: of economy in steam and for the purpose of manoeuvring the vessel with great
facility of control.
Dated this 13th day of November 1897.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Steam Turbines and Machinery for the same for
Marine Purposes.
The Honourable CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS, of Heaton Works, Newcastle-on-
Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in the arrangement of turbine machinery
for vessels where it is desirable to have greater power of manoeuvring than can be
obtained by simply going ahead or astern with one screw propeller or one set of
screw propellers as a whole. My invention also enables me to obtain extreme
lightness and compactness in the arrangement of turbine machinery, and to obtain
economy in the consumption of steam.
In carrying my invention into effect in the arrangement of compound turbine
machinery in vessels, I employ four turbine motors, to drive four screw shafts with
two reversing motors coupled to two of the shafts for going astern, and I control
the whole by means of four stop valves, so that the vessel may work ahead or
astern as may be desired.
I sometimes arrange the four turbine motors which are coupled to four screw
shafts by placing two of the motors on each side of the vessel in series on the steam,
while the reversing motor coupled to one of the shafts I independently connect to
the steam supply and condenser, in order that the engines may work ahead or
astern on each side of the vessel as may be desired.
When arranging my machinery in order to obtain great economy in circum-
stances where the speed of revolution of the motors is limited, 1 prefer to place the
motors as much as possible in series on the steam, and to obtain the lesser power
of manoeuvring by admitting the steam to either one of the two low pressure motors
for going ahead on one side only and to admit steam through both the reversing
motors in series and by this arrangement to back with two of the screw shafts, as
the low pressure motors are more powerful than reversing motors, the result being
a backing of one shaft, with a thrusting ahead of the other.
I
vary the arrangements of steam supply to the four turbine motors coupled to
the four screw shafts by providing that the high pressure, the intermediate, and
the two low pressure motors shall be in series on the steam, the two reversing
turbines being coupled to two of the screw shafts, and consisting of a high pressure
and a low pressure motor.
Where greater safety from total break down of the machinery is desired I
prefer to divide the engines into two groups, and I may use any number of motors
and screw shafts, and I may make a combination of two, three or more ahead
motors coupled to several screw shafts with one, two or more reversing motors,
the motors being arranged in series, parallel, or compound parallel, for the purpose,
of economy in steam and for the purpose of manoeuvring the vessel with great'
facility of control.

page_text: Referring to the accompanying two sheets of drawings--
Figure 1 is plan of an arrangement of machinery suitable for a fast vessel of
the torpedo boat destroyer type, and
Figure 2 is an elevation of one side of the same arrangement,
Figure 3 is a plan, and
Figure 4 a sectional elevation of another arrangement suitable for fast vessels.
The four ahead turbines are shown at A, B, C, and D), and the two astern going
turbines at E and F. Four screw shafts H, I, J, K, are used, shaft I is worked
by the high pressure turbine A. Shaft J is driven by the intermediate turbine B.
Shafts Hand K are driven ahead by the low pressure turbines C and D respec-
tively and are driven astern by the turbines E and F respectively and these latter
are run in series on the steam. Steam is admitted by the pipe a to the high
pressure turbine A and the exhaust passes through the pipe b to the intermediate
turbine B from which it exhausts through the pipes c and d in parallel to the low
pressure turbines C and D. It then exhausts from C and D) into the condenser G.
When it is desired to reverse the motion of the vessel steam is cut off from the
pipe a by closing the main admission valve p. Steam is then admitted through
the valve g and pipe g to the turbine E from which it exhausts through the pipe h
into the turbine F, and thence passes to the condenser G through the pipe
. By
pipes and m steam may be admitted direct to the turbines C and D for the pur-
pose of going ahead with either of the screw shafts separated.
Another arrangement of my invention as shown in Figures 3 and 4 is an example
of a type suitable for fast vessels where greater security against break down and
also greater economy when working at reduced rates of speed are desired. In this
arrangement the engines are divided into two distinct sets. The turbines L and M
are coupled in series under steam for going ahead, each turbine working one screw
shaft, viz., turbine L on screw shaft H and turbine M on screw shaft I¹.
Similarly turbines L¹ and M¹ are coupled on screw shafts K¹ and J¹ respectively
and are also in series on the steam when running at full power ahead. The
turbines N and N are provided and coupled to the shafts I' and J¹ respectively for
going astern.
For running full power ahead steam enters through the pipe I works. the tur-
bine L and shaft H, exhausts through the valve o and the pipe m to the turbine M
and after driving shaft I' it exhausts into the condenser G. The flow of steam
takes place similarly through the pipe h¹ to turbine L' driving shaft K¹, then
through the valve o and pipe m¹ to turbine M¹ driving shaft J¹ and exhausts then
into condenser G¹.
If it be desired to provide greater economy at reduced rates of steaming, the
valve o is closed and the valves r and s¹ opened. Steam is thus admitted through
the pipe passes through the turbine L and exhausts through the valve r and the
pipe into the turbine L' whence it passes through the valve o' and pipe m¹ to the
turbine M thence through the pipes and valve s¹ into the turbine M and then
exhausts into the condenser G. When this cross coupling is used the circulating
water to the condenser G¹ is stopped so that steam ceases to be condensed and the
whole volume of steam exhausts from the turbine M into the turbine M and so
into the condenser G as stated.
For going astern steam is admitted through the pipen to the reversing
turbine N and exhausts through the pipe 2 into the condenser G. Also steam is
similarly admitted through the pipe to the reversing turbine N¹ and exhausts
through the pipes n³ and s into the condenser G. In this arrangement advantages
similar to those of ordinary twin screw engines are secured and also the advantage
of being able to work the turbines at a high rate of economy at reduced or cruising
speeds.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to, be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1 A marine steam turbine set consisting of four turbines grouped, one on each

page_text: of four screw shafts and taking steam so that one is a high pressure turbine, one
an intermediate turbine, and the two others low pressure turbines, together with
two reversing turbines coupled on to two low pressure turbine shafts as and for
the purpose herein before described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the
drawings.
2. A marine steam turbine set consisting of four ahead turbines grouped one on
each of four screw shafts and taking steam so that one is a high pressure turbine,
one an intermediate turbine and the two others low pressure turbines together
with two reversing-turbines in series coupled on the two low pressure turbine
shafts as and for the purpose hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1.
and 2 of the drawings.
3. A marine steam turbine set consisting of four ahead turbines grouped one
on each of four screw shafts and taking steam so that one is a high pressure
turbine and one a low pressure turbine on each side of the vessel together with
two reversing turbines in parallel on the steam, the engines being fitted with cross
coupling pipes as described and claimed in my previous Patent No. 11,223, of
1897 with reference to Figures 3 and 4 of the drawings.
4. A. marine steam turbine set consisting of two or more independent sets of
turbine engines in combination with cross coupling pipes for cruising speeds in
combination with connections and valves to allow of one or more condensers being
rendered inoperative by stopping the circulating water and thus causing the steam
to flow through two or more low pressure motors in series as and for the purpose
described in reference to Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.
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