IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Donbavand, of the City of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Scale Beam and Weighing. Machine Manu-
facturer, and David Crichton, of the same Place, Machinist, for tho
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 9th December 1859, and dated the 11th June 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Donbavand and
David Crichton, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 11th June 1859.
We, WILLIAM DONBAVAND, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Scale Beam and Weighing Machine Manufacturer, and DAVID
CRICHTON, of the same Place, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention consists of improvements on and in Crichton and Cathcart's
Patent, dated the 17th day of September, 1856, No. 2174, and consists,
firstly, of an improved cam, which is constructed to move a reciprocating lever
a greater distance on the change throw than any other part of its travel.

page_text: Secondly, of an improved arrangement of spur and ratchet-wheel motion for
producing the required decreased speed of the cloth beam. Thirdly, of an
improved apparatus acting from the surface of the cloth beam in connection
with the different radius lever, which works the ratchet and spur-wheel
motion; and, fourthly, of the application of a pressure lever acting on the
said cam hob, for the purpose of giving steadiness to the cam as it turns on
its axis.
The nature of our said improvements will be clearly understood by reference
to the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings, which shew their application to
the cloth beam of a loom.
Fig. 1 is an inside transverse clevation of part of a loom, with our improve-
ments attached; and Fig. 2 is a front view of part of a loom, with said improve-
ments shewn thereon. a represents a ratchet wheel propeller on the lathe arm;
when put in motion it works the ratchet wheel b and the cam c; the bowls d, d,
revolve on studs in the cross bar e in connection with the cam c; g is the pressure
lever for holding the ratchet wheel b and the cam c; i is a stud on the lever f,
which carries one end of the reciprocating lever k, the other end being jointed
to the different radius lever by the pin s; p, p, are ratchet wheels with spur
wheels x, x, attached to them; q, q, are propellers on levers land o; h is the
vibrating lever to carry the pin s, in connection with the reciprocating lever k;
m is the descending bar under the cloth beam; i is the connection bar of the
levers and o; t is a bar from a fixed centre w to the descending bar m; y is the
weighted lever for raising and falling the bar m, with its various parts
attached; n, n, n, n, are a train of wheels connecting the spur wheel and ratchet
motion of different speeds to the cloth beam.
When the loom is put in motion the forward action of the propeller a will
give motion to the ratchet wheel b and the cam c; the effects of this motion
on the bowls d, d, and the lever f will give to the lever k an advancing and
receding intermittent motion, which acting on the alternate motion levers
and o, will communicate intermittent rotary motion to the ratchet wheels p, p,
and then to the cloth beam through the train of wheels n, n, n, n, as seen in
the Drawing..
"
At the commencement of weaving a piece of cloth, the pin s, in the lever k,.
is at the highest point in the slot of the lever 1, and will then communicate
the greatest amount of motion to the levers and o, which is transmitted to
the ratchet wheels p, p, by the propellers q, q, to the cloth beam through the
medium of the train of wheels, as shewn in the Drawing. As the cloth beam
fills in the process of weaving, the roller u will descend, lowering with it the
pins in the slot of the lever 1, and thus the propellers of the levers 7 and o

page_text: will be constantly decreasing in their alternate distances, thereby producing
proportionate decreasing speed in the ratchet wheels p, p, which is communi-
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Donbavand and David Crichton in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 10th December 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
DONBAVAND, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Scale
Beam and Weighing Machine Manufacturer, and DAVID CRICHTON, of the
same Place, Machinist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said William Donbavand and David Crichton, Her special licence that we,
the said William Donbavand and David Crichton, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Donbavand
and David Crichton, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said William Donbavand and David Crichton, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Donbavand and David
Crichton, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
Our Invention consists of improvements on and in Crichton and Cathcart's
Patent, dated the Seventeenth day of September, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-six, No. 2174, and consists, firstly, of an improved cam, which is
constructed to move a reciprocating lever a greater distance on the change.

page_text: throw than any other part of its travel, in order to compensate for the back-
lash in the wheels of the alternate motion. Secondly, of an arrangement
of spur and ratchet-wheel motion for producing, by alternate intermittent
rotary motion of different velocities, the decreased speed of the cloth beam,
and also for combining with the aforesaid motion a differential motion
obtained from the said spur and ratchet wheels in order to obtain a more
perfect result. The said spur wheels may be of equal or different numbers
of teeth; if of different numbers of teeth, that is, one wheel having
one or more teeth than the other, they will give different revolutions on
their axes, one wheel more than the other. By the combination of this
differential motion of revolution with the alternate motion of different
velocities, there is obtained a constant decreasing motion of the cloth beam.
When the said differential motion is combined with the alternate motion of
different velocities, and applied to the letting off beam of a loom, the only
difference will be that the motion will be the slowest. at the commencement,
and gradually increase as the yarn is let off. Thirdly, of an improved apparatus
acting from the surface of the cloth beam in connection with the differing
radius lever, which works the ratchet and spur-wheel motion; and, fourthly,
of the application of a friction lever acting on the said cam hob for the purpose
of giving steadiness to the cam as it turns on its axis.
The nature of our said improvements will be clearly understood by reference
to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, which shew their applicatian to the
cloth beam of a loom.
Fig. 1 is an inside transverse elevation of part of a loom with our improve-
ments attached; and Fig. 2 is a front view of the same. a represents a
ratchet wheel propeller attached to a bar fixed on the lathe arm; when put in
motion it works the ratchet wheel 6 and the cam c; the bowl d revolves on a
stud in the upright bar e, in connection with the cam c; g is the friction lever
for holding the ratchet wheel b and the cam c; i is a stud on the lever e,
which carries one end of the reciprocating lever k, the other end being joined
to the differing radius lever by the pin s; p, p, are ratchet wheels with spur
wheels x, x, attached to them; 1, 2, are propellers on levers and o; h is the
vibrating lever to carry the pin s in connection with the reciprocating lever k;
m is the descending bar under the cloth beam; n is a small roller in con-
nection with the bar under the cloth beam; vis the connection bar of the
levers and o; t is a bar from a fixed centre w to the descending bar m; y is
the weighted lever for raising and falling the bar m, with its various parts
attached; is a rod for disengaging the propeller a from the ratchet wheel b
when the weft thread breaks in the time of weaving; u, u, u, u, are a train of

page_text: wheels connecting the spur wheel and ratchet motion. of different speeds to the
cloth beam.
When the loom is put in motion the backward action of the propeller a will
give motion to the ratchet wheel 6 and the cam c; the effect of this motion
on the bowl d and the lever e will give to the lever k an advancing and
receding intermittent motion, which acting on the alternate motion levers /
and o, will communicate intermittent rotary motion to the ratchet wheels p, p,
by means of the propellers 1, 2, and then to the cloth beam through the train
of wheels u, u, u, u, as seen in the Drawing.
At the commencement of weaving a piece of cloth, the pin s, in the lever k,
is at the highest point in the slot of the lever 1, and will then communicate the
greatest amount of motion to the levers 7 and o, which is transmitted to the
ratchet wheels p, p, by the propellers q, q, to the cloth beam through the
medium of the train of wheels, as shewn in the Drawings, as the cloth beam
fills in the process of weaving, the roller n will descend, lowering with it the
pin s in the slot of the lever 1, and thus the propellers of the levers 7. and o
will be constantly decreasing in their alternate distances, thereby producing
proportionate decreasing speed in the ratchet wheels p, p, which decreased
speed is communicated to the cloth beam in exact proportion to its increased
diameter, thereby producing a positive taking-up motion for all kinds of cloth
by means of wheelwork and one plain beam.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, we would have it understood that we do not
claim the separate parts as of our Invention, they being already well known,
neither do we confine ourselves to the details herein given, but reserve to our-
selves the right of varying the same, so long as the peculiar character of the
Invention is retained; but what we claim, in their application to the taking-up
and letting-off motions of the lcom, is,-
Firstly, an improved cam, which is constructed to move a reciprocating
lever a greater distance on the change throw than any other part of its
travel, in order to compensate for the back lash in the wheels of the alternate
motion.
Secondly, an arrangement of spur-and-ratchet-wheel motion for producing,
by alternate intermittent rotary motion of different velocities, the decreased
speed of the cloth beam, and also for combining with the aforesaid motion a
differential motion obtained from the said spur and ratchet wheels.
Thirdly, an improved apparatus acting from the surface of the cloth beam,
in connection with the differing radius lever, which works the ratchet and
spur-wheel motion.

page_text: And, fourthly, the application of a friction lever acting on the said cam
hob, for the purpose of giving steadiness to the cam as it turns on its axis, as
all such improvements are herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings; and believing these arrangements of machinery for
effecting the objects herein-before described to be new, we declare them as of
our Invention.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Donbavand and David
Crichton, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Ninth day of
December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-nine.
WILLIAM DONBAVAND. (L.S.)
DAVID CRICHTON.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named William Donbavand and David
Crichton, in the presence of
(L.S.)
WILLIAM DONBAVAND. (L.S.)
(L.S.)
DAVID CRICHTON.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named William Donbavand and David
Crichton in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester...