IM- PROVEMENTS IN GLAZING OR COVERING ROOFS, WINDOWS, &C., AND IN FIXING PLATES OR SHEETS OF Glass, Metal, Slate, Wood, and the like TO ROOFS, WINDOWS, AND OTHER PARTS OF STRUCTURES." COMP
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Hackford, of No. 6, Queen Anne's Gate, West-
minster, in the County of Middlesex, Surveyor, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN GLAZING OR COVERING ROOFS, WINDOWS, &C., AND IN
FIXING PLATES OR SHEETS OF Glass, Metal, Slate, Wood, and the like
TO ROOFS, WINDOWS, AND OTHER PARTS OF STRUCTURES."
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said George Hackford at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on 11th October 1879.
"2
GEORGE HACKFORD, of No. 6, Queen Anne's Gate, Westminster, in the
County of Midddlesex, Surveyor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN GLAZING OR COVERING
ROOFS, WINDOWS, &C., AND IN FIXING PLATES OR SHEETS OF GLASS, METAL, SLATE,
WOOD, AND THE LIKE TO ROOFS, WINDOWS, AND OTHER PARTS OF STRUCTURES.*
My Invention has for its object improvements in glazing or covering roofs,
windows, &c., and in fixing plates or sheets of glass, metal, slate, wood, and the like
to roofs, windows, and other parts of structures, and refers specially to those
systems of glazing which do not require the use of putty. For the purpose of my
Invention I use vertical sash bars only, and these are by preference bevelled,
curved, or otherwise reduced in width or cross-section on the underside, or they
may be notched at intervals along the sides. The top of the sash bar is formed
with a channel or gutter in the centre, and with a small or chase groove at ench
side to receive a strand of tarred rope or other similarly soft material.
Between the sides of the sheets of glass is a space covered by a curved bar of
zinc or other material having a tongue which projects downwards into the gutter,
between and below the level of the sheets of glass. This tongue is for the purpose
of preventing a side wind blowing in snow or rain under the glass. At suitable
intervals, say about the length of a sheet of glass apart, I cut away the lower part
of this tongue, and attach to the sash bar a clip made of flexible metal, such as zinc,
copper, Muntz's metal, or lead, so that it may be fixed to the bar by being dressed
under it or into the notches before referred to. A screw bolt is connected to the clip,
and passes up between the sides of the sheets of glass and through the zinc cover
bar, above which it is fitted with a nut to enable any desired pressure to be brought
to bear upon the glass, which is thus prevented lifting or "chattering."
In the foregoing description I have simply referred to fixing sheets of glass, but
my Invention is equally applicable to fixing plates or sheets of metal, slate, wood,
and such like materials.
In order that my said Invention may be fully understood and readily carried

page_text: into effect I will proceed to more particularly describe the same, and for that pur-
pose will refer to the several Figures on the explanatory Sheet of Drawings here-
unto annexed, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the
Figures.
Fig. 1 is a cross section, and Fig. 2 is a plan of part of a roof shewing my
improved method of glazing; Fig. 3 is a full size section through the sash bar and
cover bar; and Fig. 4 is a similar section but taken through the clip fastener.
a is the sash bar; b, the gutter; c, c, grooves or chases; d, d, strands of tarred
rope; e, e, sheet of glass; f, the zinc cover bar having the projecting tongue g;
h is a clip of flexible metal bent or dressed under the bar a, as shewn; i is a screw
bolt having a nut and washer k. In place of a screw bolt I sometimes use a pin
with a slot in its upper part, through which a taper key is driven to tighten the
cover bar against the glass. As shewn on Drawing, Fig. 4, where the metal clips
are fixed to the sash bar, I cut away the upper projecting part of the tarred rope
and place a leather or felt washer between the clip and the glass.
In glazing or covering roofs I prefer to have but one sheet of glass from apex to
eaves, but if it be desired to use several sheets of glass the horizontal joints may be
made on purlins with flashings and condensation gutters or otherwise.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the
exact details described, but what I claim is,-
First. The improved system of glazing or covering roofs, windows, &c., consisting
in the use of the combination of the sash bar, cover bar, and adjustable clip
fastener, substantially as herein before described and illustrated by the accompanying
Drawings.
Second. The improved system of fixing plates or sheets of glass, metal, slate,
wood, and the like to roofs, windows, and other parts of structures by the use of the
adjustable clip fastener, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by
the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Hackford, have hereunto set my band
and seal, this Tenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.
Witness,
HENRY WARD.
GEORGE HACKFORD. (L.S.)