IMPROVEMENTS IN COFFEE HULLERS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and Foreign
Patent Offices, 38, Porchester Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of
Middlesex, and 24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of
France, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COFFEE
HULLERS." A communication from Albert Angell, residing at Newburgh,
in the State of New York, Henry Truman Bostwick Hayes, residing at
Medford, in the State of Massachusetts, and Andrew M.Kenney, residing
at Boston, in the State of Massachusetts aforesaid, United States of
America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th November 1866.
I, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices,
88, Porchester Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, and 24, Rue
du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COFFEE HULLERS,"
a communication from Albert Angell, a person resident at Newburgh, in the
State of New York, Henry Truman Bostick Hayes, a person resident at
Medford, in the State of Massachusetts, and Andrew MºKenney, a person

page_text: resident at Boston, in the State of Massachusetts aforesaid, United States of
America, to be as follows:-
The nature of this Invention consists in the combination with a serrated
wheel or cylinder of a series of serrated spring strippers arranged within a
hollow or trough having the form of a segment partly surrounding the cylinder
which is made to revolve while the segment-shaped hollow or trough with its
strippers remains stationary, the hull being detached from the berry of the
coffee by the action of the cylinder and the strippers as it is passed through
the segment-shaped hollow or trough.
The said Invention further consists in a peculiar construction of the spring
strippers, which have a curvilinear form, and are arranged within the trough,
secured at their one end to the interior of the periphery of the segment-shaped
hollow or trough, while their other free ends, which are serrated or roughened,
or which carry serrated or roughened cast-iron plates as are made to lie in
proximity to or against the serrated periphery of the cylinder. The coffee is
made to pass into the upper end of the segment, where the hulls are stripped
from it by the combined action of the cylinder and the spring strippers, as the
cylinders in revolving urges or forces the coffee through the segment, after
which the hulls and berries as they are delivered together from the lower end
of the segment are separated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 4th May 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 38,
Porchester Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, and 24, Rue
du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, Patent Agent, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Henri Adrien Bonneville, Her special licence that I, the said. Henri Adrien
Bonneville, niy executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Henri Adrien Bonneville, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at

page_text: all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COFFEE HULLERS," a communication from Albert Angell,
a person resident at Newburgh, in the State of New York, Henry Truman
Bostwick Hayes, a person resident at Medford, in the State of Massachusetts,
and Andrew M°Kinney, a person resident at Boston, in the State of Massa-
chusetts aforesaid, United States of America, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
4
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This Invention relates to pulping, hulling, cleaning, and polishing coffee
or other articles which are surrounded or enveloped by pulps, hulls, or cuticles
that require to be removed in order to prepare them for market or for use,
and the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will
enable those skilled, in the art to make and use the same, reference being
had to the accompanying Drawing forming part of this Specification, in which
Drawing Figure 1 is a side elevation of a coffee hulling and polishing machine
constructed according to my Invention; Figure 2 is a rear elevation thereof,
partly in section, showing the hulling apparatus on the left side in the same
frame; Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of the hulling cylinder or wheel,
some of the strippers being shown; Figure 4 is a detailed front view of one
of the spring cams or strippers for hulling coffee or other articles; Figure 5
is a side view thereof; Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of the polishing cylinder
or wheel, some of the spring polishing brushes being shown; Figure 7 is an
elevation of the interior of the concave segment or trough of the polishing
apparatus showing some of the brushes; Figure 8 is a front elevation, and
Figure 9 a side view of one of the brushes detached. Like letters indicate
corresponding parts in the several Figures.
The Invention consists among other things herein-after set forth in the
combination with a serrated or roughened or corrugated wheel or cylinder of

page_text: a series of serrated spring cams or strippers arranged within a hollow or
trough-like segment partly encircling said wheel or cylinder, the wheel or
cylinder being made to revolve, while the segment with its strippers remains
stationary, the coffee or other berries or articles to be operated upon being
fed to the cylinder in such a way that they descend over it between. its
roughened periphery and the roughened spring strippers, the pulp and hulls
being broken and detached from the berries by the action of the cylinder and
strippers as the berries pass through the segment.
The Invention further consists in a novel construction of the strippers.
It consists further in the combination of a serrated, corrugated, or
roughened wheel or cylinder with a series of spring brushes arranged within
a hollow or trough-like segment partly encircling said wheel or cylinder,
whereby the more delicate skin or parts which adhere to the berry of coffee
or other articles are removed, and the berry freed from delicate extraneous
coatings, and polished so as to be ready for use.
It consists further in combining a hulling machine with a polishing
machine, and also in arranging therewith an elevator for carrying the coffee
or other articles upwards after they have been acted upon by the cams or
strippers, and delivering them to the action of the polishing brushes.
The machine or apparatus may be variously constructed so far as its frame,
gearing, fans, screens, or sieves and other details are concerned, which do
not affect or alter the principle of the Invention, and therefore special descrip-
tions are not necessary to enable one skilled in the art to understand and
construct said details.
I have in this example of my Invention shown the hulling apparatus and
the polishing apparatus arranged side by side in the same frame, a separate
wheel or cylinder being provided for each; but the hulling apparatus and
the polishing apparatus may be arranged in separate frames, the elevator
being made to extend from one to the other. Moreover, I can also modify
the apparatus so as to use one roughened wheel or cylinder for both
apparatuses by making it capable of being moved on its shaft from the
stripper segment or trough to the brush or polishing segment or trough.
The frame represented in Figures 1 and 2 contains both the hulling and
polishing apparatus, that side of the frame being shown in Figure 1 which
contains the polishing apparatus. The letter A designates a horizontal shaft,
on which both the hulling cylinder B and the polishing cylinder. B' are
mounted. The said cylinders are of any desired diameter and width, and
their peripheries are roughened or serrated to act in conjunction with the
strippers D and brushes N respectively, as herein described. The cylinders

page_text: may be made rough by forming or cutting across them parallel rows of teeth
resembling ratchet teeth with their levels sloping backwards relatively to the
direction of motion of the cylinders. I have obtained good results with
cylinders so made, but I do not restrict myself to the manner of constructing
them. Embracing or encircling the peripheries of the wheels or cylinders
B, B', for a portion of their circumferences are stationary hollow segments or
troughs C, C, within which the roughened peripheries of the said wheels
respectively enter and work from the rear or inner side. The segments or
troughs C, C¹, are open at their ends, and have arranged within them the
strippers and brushes respectively as herein described. In the segment C are
arranged the spring strippers D, secured at one end to the inner circumference
of the said segment, while their other ends, which are serrated or roughened
in any
desirable manner, are made to come near to or in contact with the
periphery of said cylinder B, relatively to which they are adjusted by con-
necting the segment itself to the frame of the machine by means of a slotted
arm, which allows it to be moved nearer to or further away from the cylinder.
These spring strippers are made of a curvilinear form, or of any other suitable
form which will give them the proper elasticity or elastic action. For the
purpose of obtaining a suitable yielding or pliant action on the unhulled berry
the said strippers may not only be arranged in a rising series, as shown in
Figure 3, but each stripper may be divided into two, three, or more springs
or parts arranged to lay side by side; their roughened ends can be constructed
by bolting or fastening by screws or otherwise to the free ends of the springs
serrated or roughened cast-iron plates, the upper ends of the springs being
connected by cross bars which are fastened to the segment. The letters E, F,
designate spur wheels, which give the necessary rotary motion to the
cylinders B, B', the shaft of the spur wheel F carrying at its opposite end a
gear wheel G, which drives a gear wheel H, secured to the shaft of the
fans K, K¹, which are arranged respectively below the cylinders B, B¹, so
that one fan can act on the materials that descend from the hulling cylinder,
and the other on those which descend from the polishing cylinder. To the fan
shaft may be secured an eccentric pin or other suitable device to give a
vibrating motion by means of a connecting rod or otherwise to screens or
sifters L, L, whose position is indicated in Figure 2. These and other details
may be varied at pleasure, and any suitable prime mover may be used to
operate the machine. The letter I designates a hopper placed over the hulling
cylinder B, for receiving the coffee in its natural state with its pulps and hulls
on, and delivering it as fast as required to said cylinder and the segment that.
embraces it. In passing through the segment the pulp and the hulls are

page_text: stripped from the berries by the combined action of the cylinder B and spring
strippers D, the cylinder in revolving forcing the coffee through the segment,
from the lower part of which the berries and the pulp, hulls, and all other refuse
matters are discharged into the receptacle or trough J¹, connected with the
elevator J, being subjected while falling to the blast created by the fan K. which
blows away the lighter refuse matters. The berries are guided by the inclined
sides of the said receptacle J¹ so as to accumulate beneath and around the
bottom of the elevator, whose buckets carry them to the top of the machine,
and discharge them through the spout M into the hopper I', from which they
go into the segment C¹, and upon the wheel or cylinder B¹ of the polishing
apparatus. To the inner circumference of the said segment C' I secure a
series of spring brushes N, see Figures 1 and 6, by fastening one end of the
springs or elastic stocks, to which said brushes are attached to said segment
in an adjustable or fixed manner, as may be preferred. If the brushes are
not made adjustable within the segment the segment itself can be made
adjustable relatively to the cylinder B¹ by means of slotted arms or other
adjustable supports. The brushes may be composed of any suitable flexible
material, and I prefer wire cloth or wire and fibrous material combined
✓ together, and arranged endwise on a suitable body, which body can be bolted
or otherwise fastened to the free ends of the springs or elastic stocks of the
brushes. In the example of the brushes here shown I have made the brushes
with double springs or elastic stocks 1, 2, united at their lower ends by the
material that composes the brushes or by the body to which said material is
fastened and united at their upper ends by cross bars 3, through which the bolts
go that connect them to the segment. The brushing or polishing material
can be arranged in sections of different or independent springs or elastic
stocks if desired. The coffee or other berries to be cleaned or polished are
carried through the segment C³, where they are cleaned and polished by the
combined action of the cylinder B³, and the brushes N being then discharged
upon the screen or sieve L, which is below the polishing apparatus, from
which sieve they are delivered into any suitable receptacle. While the berries
are passing downwards from the segments to the sieves they are subjected to
the action of the blast from the fans, which removes dust and lighter refuse
matters, and leaves the berry in a comparatively clean condition.
Having thus described the nature of the said improvements, and the manner
of carrying them into effect, what I claim is,-
First, the combination with a roughened or serrated cylinder or surface of
independent spring strippers D, arranged within a hollow segment or trough
partly encircling the cylinder or surface, substantially as specified.

page_text: Second, the spring strippers D constructed with roughened or serrated
fronts, arranged in a series one in advance of the other within a hollow
segment or trough to which they are secured at one end of their springs or
stocks for operation in combination with a roughened hulling cylinder,
substantially as shown and described.
Third, the combination with the serrated cylinder B' of independent spring
brushes N, arranged within a hollow segment C¹ that partly encircles said
cylinder for the operation of cleaning or polishing coffee or other articles,
substantially as set forth.
Fourth, the combination of the coffee hulling apparatus with the polishing
apparatus in conjunction with an elevator J that takes the coffee from the
bottom of the hulling apparatus and delivers it into the segment of the
polishing apparatus, substantially as set forth.
Fifth, the spring or elastic brushes-N composed of strands of wire combined
with strands of fibrous material arranged upon elastic stocks, substantially as
set forth.
Sixth, the spring brushes N in combination with the hollow segment to
which they are secured in a rising series, substantially as set forth.
Seventh, the sieves L in combination with the fans K, K, and a hulling and
polishing apparatus respectively, substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
II DONNEVIL
표. DONN
(1.S.)