Improvement in the Construction of Fireproof Floors and Roofs.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left. 10th July, 1895-Accepted, 17th Aug., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in the Construction of Fireproof Floors and Roofs.
I, THOMAS ROLLO WALKER MOSSMAN, of 14 Cheriton Square, Upper
Tooting London S.W. Architect and Surveyor do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows::—
My invention consists of a set of two hollow, fireclay lintels.
In order that my invention may be made quite clear, I have prepared a drawing
which accompanies this. Specification, and the letters referred to in the following
description, will be found on the said drawing..
The two lintels are marked respectively, A. & B. on the drawing.
The larger lintel of the two, marked A, is square in cross section, & has its two
opposito sides bevilled inwards from the top & bottom.
'
The smaller lintel marked B, is in cross-section of an oblong shape, & has its
two opposite sides also bevilled, but outwards, at an angle which corresponds with
that of the sides of the larger lintel A.
The length of each lintel is the same, & it is determined by the distance apart
of the bearings, which may be iron or steel joists, or girders, or walls.
The top & bottom surfaces of each lintel, has a series of longitudinal keyed
grooves, for the purpose of affording a hold for the plaster ceiling, P.
The lintel A has at each end, two slots, marked g, g, placed at an equal distance
from the top & bottom surfaces, as shewn on the longitudinal section, Fig. 1.
through this lintel, which is at the top of the drawing.
The lintel, B, has one slot, gl, Fig. 3. in the centre of each end.
The object of these slots is to permit of the lintels being secured to the flange
of the iron joists; and the size & shape of the slots is regulated by the dimension
of the iron flange.
In fixing the lintels in their proper position between the rolled iron; or steel
joists; or girders; or walls, the lintel A, alternates with B, as shewn on the
drawing, & they are placed as close against each other as possible; so that the
lintel B, from the peculiar shape of A, is dovetailed into the lintels (A) on
either side.
The bottom surfaces of both lintels are set level, & form the ground upon which
the plaster ceiling P. is fixed.
By placing the lintels A. & B. alternately, as above described, a series of
dovetail shaped spaces, marked D, Fig. 2 are formed on the upper side, & into
these spaces, & over the whole of the lintels, concrete marked C-composed of
either coke breeze, cement & sand in proper proportions, or other fire-resisting
composition, is spread in the usual manner.
The material forming the finished floor, is placed upon the concrete, & it may
consist of, solid wood blocks, or ordinary flooring-boards & joists,.or tiles.
The function of these lintels is; to protect the ironwork & concrete used in the
construction of such floors & roofs, from the influence of fire, & also to act as a
(permanent) centering while the concrete is hardening.
1obtain by my invention an improved' adhesion or key, between the concrete
and, the hollow lintels; and 1 also obtain a lintel which, in fixing, can be reversed
if dosiahla

page_text: Preferentially the lintels are made of fireclay, but other equivalents may be
used.
i
Dated this the Eleventh day of October 1894.
T. R. W. MOSSMAN,
Architect and Surveyor, Applicant.
Improvement in the Construction of Fireproof Floors and Roofs.
I, THOMAS ROLLO WALKER MOSSMAN, of 14 Cheriton Square Upper
Tooting, London, Architect and Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to the improvement and construction of fireproof floors
and roofs, and has for its object, the protection of the iron or steel joists, or
girders; from the influence of fire; the lessening of the dead-weight of such floors
and roofs, and the more effectual combination of the concrete with the fireclay
lintels than heretofore.
My invention consists of a floor or roof constructed with rolled iron or steel
joists, or girders, concrete, and fireclay-lintels.
The special feature of my invention is the construction of the fireclay lintels.
The lintels are of two different patterns, which are used in combination, and
fixed in alternative succession; they are made of fireclay but other fire-resisting
materials may be used.
The function of the lintels is, to act as centering while the concrete is hardening;
to lessen the dead-weight of such floors and roofs, and to interpose a vacuity
against the transmission of sound from one floor to another.
In order that my invention may be fully understood, I will now proceed, more
particularly to describe the same, with reference to the drawing left with my
Provisional Specification, in which,
Figure 1 shews a longitudinal section through one of my lintels, marked A.
Figure 2;
Figure 2, shews a transverse section through a part of a fireproof floor or roof,.
constructed according to my invention;
Figure 3: shews a longitudinal section through the lintel marked B, Figure 2.
From these figures will be seen the relation, when permanently fixed iu position
upon the rolled iron or steel joists or girders, that one lintel' bears to the other,
and likewise the relation of both of the lintels to the concrete, marked C.
The lintels marked A, and B, Figure 2, in transverse section are each
constructed with six surfaces. The lintel A, as shewn in Figure 2, has its top and
bottom surfaces equal in width, and parallel to each other: each side is bevilled
inwards at an acute angle from the extremities of the top and bottom surfaces
respectively thus making two surfaces on each side: the lower face of one side and
the upper face of the opposite side, being of the same width, and parallel to each
other.
The lintel marked B, Figure 2, has its top and bottom surfaces also equal in
width, and parallel to each other; each side is bevilled outwards at an obtuse
angle from the extremities of the top and bottom surfaces, respectively, thus
making two surfaces on each side: the lower face of oue side and the upper face
of the opposite side being of the saine width and' parallel.
'
In order that the lintels may be fixed as closely together as possible upon the
rolled iron, or steel joists, or girders, I arrange the angles or bevils of the sides of
the lintel marked A which I have just described, so, tliat they exactly correspond
with the angles or bevils of the lintel marked B.

page_text: The depth, (that is, the distance from the top surface to the bottom surface)
may, in one or both of my lintels, be diminished or increased and the proportion
which the sides bear to the top and bottom surfaces as shewn in Figure 2, varied,
without departing from the spirit of my invention.
The length of the lintels is determined by the distance apart of the rolled iron,
or steel joiste, or girders.
The top and bottom surfaces of each lintel are provided with a series of keyed
grooves arranged longitudinally.
The lintel marked A, Figure 1 is provided at each end with slots, g, g so placed
as to be at an equal distance from the top and bottom surfaces.
The lintel marked B, Figure 3, is provided with a slot, g' at each end, placed
midway between the top and bottom surfaces. Thus I am able, from the position
of the slots at the ends of the lintels, and also from the peculiar shape of the lintels
themselves, to reverse them in fixing if desirable.
My lintels in forming a fireproof floor, or roof, are used in combination, and
fixed in alternative succession, as shewn in Figure 2.
In fixing the lintels upon the lower flanges of the rolled iron, or steel joists, or
girders, they are slotted on to the same in the usual way, and their position when
so fixed, is shewn in Figures 1 and 3.
The lintels when fixed, form by their peculiar shape, a series of dovetail shaped
cavities, or recesses, marked D, Figure 2, into these cavities or recesses and over
the lintels, concrete, marked C, is placed, which, when hardened or set effectually
keys the lintel A, as shewn in Figure 2 and prevents it from falling: and the
lintel B from its peculiar shape is prevented from falling by the lintel A.
The finished floor is placed upon the concrete, and may consist of wood joists
and floor boards, solid wood blocks, tiles, brick, stone, cement, asphalte, and the
like.
The ceiling may be finished in the ordinary manner with plaster or other
material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
clnim is:
(1.) In fireproof floors.or roofs constructing the lintels of such a shape as, when
placed in position to form dovetail cavities or recesses adapted to receive the
concrete covering which, when set firmly binds lintel to lintel substantially as
described.
(2.) In fireproof floors or roofs constructing the lintels of such a shape as when
placed in position to form dovetail cavities or recesses adapted to receive the
concrete covering, the lintels fitting into each other in the direction of their length
in such a manner as to prevent their falling substantially as described.
(3.) The improved construction of lintels as described and shown with reference
to the drawing forming part of my Provisional Specification.
וית
T
..
TI 1005