Improvements in Calenders used for Running Out:
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Calenders used for Running Out: Sheet India..
Rubber:
WILLIAM COULTER 23 Park Street Chorlton-on-Medlock Manchester India Rubber
Works Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The subject of this invention is the application of an angled guage or guages-in
the form of a "V," to fit into the space of the nip of the Calender Bowls, or rollers,
between the face of which and the rollers, the masticated India Rubber is passed;
before going directly, into the nip of bowls, to be run out into a sheet, the purpose
being to form the rubber into a revolving coil, to spread more uniform & smooth;
& less porous, and squeeze by means of the guage, the air out before, or at the
same time, during the process of running, either on to a piece of tissue, for Water-
proof, Airproof, or Méchanical Insertion, or into a solid sheet of rubber, for Elastic
Thread or Mechanical purposes.
At present, the' usual practice is, to feed the nip of the Calender Bowls, direct with
material no guages or angles being used, I may feed the Calender so, in the first nip;
and apply the guage in the second or third nip, but preferably, I will feed the
Calender, between the face of guage, & face of the top bowl, and use additional
guages, affixed to remaining nips, if requisite, according to class of work or in passing
more than one coat or piece at a time. These guages may be of different sizes,
according to diameter of rollers & will about make up space, given by the circum-
ference of bowls, and in form similar to the ears, now used to control the coil of
rubber in width. The whole broad face of the V guage, may be brought to bear if
desirable, to form slot between itself and roller, and regulate to any guage, according
to thickness of sheet, being run or spread.
These guages I may put either at the front or back of Calender, & to one or all
of the nips, at the same time, & be fed with the India Rubber for spreading out
either under or over; when passing between the guage & roller before going through
the nip of bowls. I use either the broad face guage, to thoroughly intermix the
rubber & compounds when passing between itself & the roller, it is bearing upon or
the narrow' one; where Pure Rubber is used for Fine Work. I may also make these
guages with two or more angles, & to revolve, to bring the requisite angle to 'bear..
They can be attached to frame of Calender & regulated by sliding under screw
pressure or wedges. To avoid the guage springing in the centre, 1 may back it'up
with' a cross bar; to bring screw pressure to bear upon the middle, preferably from the
frame of Calender; to control it as a stay during coating.
Dated this 2nd day of Suanat.1896

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Calenders. used for Running Out Sheet India
. Rubber:
I, WILLIAM COULTER, of 23, Park Street, Chorlton-on-Medlock, in the City o
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, India Rubber Works Manager, do
hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed; to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement'
This invention relates to improvements in calenders used for running out sheet
india rubber and has for its object the application of an angled gauge or gauges in
the form of a V in the space of the nip of the calender bowls or rollers, between the
face of which gauge or gauges and the face of the roller or rollers the masticated
india rubber is passed under control before going into the nip of the rollers to be
run out into a sheet, whereby the india rubber is spread more uniform, smooth, and
less porous, the air being squeezed out of the same before, or at the same time during
the process of running, either onto a piece of tissue, for, waterproof, airproof or
mechanical insertion; or into a solid sheet of rubber for elastic thread pneumatic or
mechanical purposes...
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood I have caused to be
appended hereunto two sheets of drawings marked with letters of reference indicating
like parts in the various figures, Figs. 1 & 1x being vertical sections, Figs. 2 & 2* side
views and Fig. 3 an end view of a portion of a calender showing my improvements
adapted to coat both sides of a tissue. Figs. 4, 5 & 6 are diagrams of some modifi-
cations of my invention..
Referring to the figures generally, a is the franc, b the bowls or rollers of the
calender, c the gauge or gauges, d the india rubber to be run out into sheet form,
'da piece of tissue running between the rollers, the application of which gauge or
gauges forms the subject of my invention.
At present, the usual practice is to feed the india rubber direct into the nip of
the rollers, which in my invention I may do in the first nip and apply the said
gauge in the second or third nip. However by. preference I feed the india rubber
between the face of the gauge and, face of the top or first and second roller, and
use additional gauges. in connection with the remaining nips if requisite, as shown
in Figs. 1 & 2, according to the class of work to be produced or when running more
than, one coat or producing more than one piece at a time.
f
The face of the gauge or gauges c are formed in V fashion, the part c¹ next to
the roller being made conform with the diameter or periphery of the same, similar
to the ears hitherto used to control, the rubber coil d in width, and forms a slot e
for, the rubber to pass through under control, whilst the other part c² of the face is.
mnade straight and forms a space e¹ for the rubber coil d to revolve in.
The said gauge or gauges may be applied either to the front or back of the
calender and to one or more or all of the nips at the same time, and be fed with
the india rubber either under, or over the gauge, before going through the nip of
the rollers.
In producing solid sheet rubber I may use a gauge or ganges the face part c¹
of, which is made comparatively broad so as to thoroughly intermix the india rubber
and compounds, when passing between the same and the rollers it is bearing
upon or a narrow one may be applied where, pure rubber is used for coating fine
work.
The gauge or gauges c are adjustably secured to the frame a at each end 'so as
to allow of setting the same nearer to or further away from the roller b and thereby

page_text: vary the size of the slot e in accordance with the thickness of the sheet of rubber to
be run out or required gauge or count of same.
In lieu of passing the tissue d¹ between the surface of the gauge c and surface
of the rollers b I may pass the same through a slot c3 formed through the body of
the gauge c, as shown in Figs. 1 & 22, and feed india rubber from the top as well
as from the bottom of the gauge c and thus coat both sides of the tissue d¹ simul-
taneously which enables me to produce insertion work with a calender having two
rollers only.
The said gauge or gauges may be formed with two or more V's or angles as shown
in Figs. 4 & 5, and to be adapted to revolve or be reversed so as to bring the requisite
angle into action. To avoid the said gauge or gauges springing in the centre I may
back it up with a cross bar and bring screw pressure to bear upon the middle prefer-
ably from the frame of the calender to stay it during the running out of the india
rubber as will be readily understood.
By preference I make the said gauge or gauges hollow so as to allow of heating or
cooling the same as may be required for certain class of work.
If deemed necessary the rollers b may be covered with paper or india rubber
composition and it will be obvious that when running out a solid sheet of rubber the
tissue running between the rollers will be dispensed with.
In order to control the rubber coil d in width, I employ ears or side pieces f
which are rendered longitudinally adjustable preferably upon the gauge c, as shown in
Figs. 1 & 2.
By corrugating or grooving the face part c¹ of the gauge c as shown in Fig. 6,
corrugated, grooved or ribbed sheets of rubber with or without tissue backing may be
produced in which case the nips of the rollers will remain open so as not to destroy
the pattern produced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim, is--
In calenders used for running out in sheet form, india rubber or mixtures of india
rubber and compounds, for mechanical or textile purposes, the application of an
angled gauge or gauges c in the space of the nip of the rollers b, so as to form a slot e
for the india rubber or the like compositions (and the tissue in case of coatings) to
pass through, under control between the face of the said gauge and the roller before
entering the nip of the rollers b and a space e for the rubber coil d to revolve in all
substantially for the purpose set forth.
Datad this lot day of M.... 1907
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant.