Improvements in Lacquers and Varnishes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 6th Aug., 1889-Accepted, 7th Sept., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lacquers and Varnishes.
I. SAMUEL CHALLONER, of 118 Crawford Street, Baker Street, in the County-of
Middlesex, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to manufacture improved lacquers and varnishes.
In this Specification the word "varnish" is intended to include " lacquers."
Whereas, it is usual in the manufacture of Spirit Varnishes to employ Methyl
Alcohol alone, or mixed with Ethyl-Alcohol, Benzine, Gasoline or Petroleum Ether
or similar Hydro-Carbon, with a suitable quantity of shellac or gum-resins. It is
found in practice impossible to employ these Varnishes to polished metal surfaces
successfully, owing to the low temperature, and also to the moisture-absorbing proper-
ties of the above-named solvents, causing the varnish when applied to absorb moisture
from the atmosphere, precipitate part of the resins held in solution, and to dry with a
clouded or dull appearance, shewing also marks of the brush.
In carrying out my invention, I use in addition to the above materials, crude or
refined camphor oil thus forming a new compound which possesses the property of
retarding the drying or solidifying of the varnish, thus avoiding the partial precipita-
tion of the gum resins and enabling the operator to coat a large cold surface without
leaving brush marks or dull appearance.
The camphor oil may be used as a solvent by itself of such resins or substances as
may be soluble therein, or may be added to any varnish which contains shellac or
gum resins dissolved in any or all of the aforesaid materials; the proportions:
depending upon the various uses to which the varnish may be applied.
Dated 6th November 1888.
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lacquers and Varnishes.
I SAMUEL CHALLONER, of 118 Crawford Street, Baker Street, in the County of
Middlesex Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to manufacture improved lacquers and varnishes.
"In this Specification the word "varnish" is intended to include "lacquers."
Whereas it is usual in the manufacture of spirit varnishes to employ methyl-
alcohol alone, or mixed with ethyl or other alcohols, benzine, gasoline, or petroleum,
ether or similar hydro carbon, with a suitable quantity of shellac or gum resins. It
is found in practice impossible to apply these varnishes to polished metal or cold
surfaces successfully, owing to the low temperature, and also to tho moisture-absorbing
properties of the above named solvents, causing the varnish when applied to absorb
moisture from the atmosphere, to precipitate part of the resins held in solution, and to
dry with a clouded or dull appearance; showing also marks of the brush.
In carrying out my invention I use, (in addition to the above materials), crude or
refined camphor oil, thus forming a new compound which possesses the property of
retarding the drying or solidifying of the varnish, thus avoiding the partial precipita-
tion of the gum resins, and enabling the operator to coat a large cold surface without
leaving brush marks or a dull appearance.
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page_text: The camphor oil may be used as a solvent by itself of such resins or substances as
may be soluble therein, or may be added to any varnish which contains shellac or gum
resins dissolved in any or all of the aforesaid materials, or may be mixed with any of
the aforesaid materials; the properties depending upon the various uses to which the
varnish may be applied.
In manufacturing my improved varnish I find the following proportious of materials
suitable for coating metals, viz. :—
I do not confine myself to the above proportions, as they may be varied to suit the
materials required to be protected.
My improved varnish furnishes a bright, durable, elastic and smooth surface, and
when being applied flows freely and leaves no brush marks. Any suitable coloring
matter may be mixed therewith or dissolved therein.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In the manufacture of varnishes or lacquers, the combination therewith, of camphor
oil, by admixture with any or all of the constituents, substantially as herein before
described.
2. The manufacture and use of varnishes or lacquers in which one of the materials
consists of camphor oil, substantially as herein before described.
3. The improvements in lacquers and varnishes substantially as hereinbefore
described.
Dated 2-1 A1000
GEO. DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent for Applicant.