CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN EVAPORATING BRINE
Year: 1831

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
FURNIVAL, of Wharton, in the County of Chester, Esquire, send greeting.
WHERAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-first day of February, in the first year of His reigu,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Furnival, His special licence, solo privilege and authority, that I,
the said William Furnival, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said William Furnival, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and
also in all His said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention
of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN EVAPORATING BRINE;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said William Furnival, shall cause
a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to bo performed, to be inrolled in His said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Furnival, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention, and tho

page_text: manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:-
My Invention relates first to an improvement on an Invention for which a
Patent was granted to Joseph Tilt for "Certain improvements in the boilers
used for making salt, commonly called salt pans, and in the mode of applying
heat to the brine," which Patent bears date the Fourth day of April, in the
eighth year of the reign of His lato Majesty, and to which Patent a Speci-
fication was duly inrolled by the said Joseph Tilt, and which said Letters
Patent, and all liberties, rights, and privileges therein and thereby granted,
have been assigned to me by the said Joseph Tilt.
Now my improvement in the Invention specified by the said Joseph Tilt
consists in placing angular pipes or tubes within salt pan in such manner that
there is a space beneath them for the deposit of the chrystals as they are formed
and descend to the bottom of such salt pans, and the upper surfaces of the
angular pipes or tubes permit of the chrystals of salt rolling off from them in
the same manner as do the angular roofs described in the said Specification of
the said Joseph Tilt.
Secondly, my Invention consists in forming the cover of a salt pan double to
contain brine, which will receive the heat from the steam which is evaporated
from off the surface of the brine contained in the salt pan, but the brine so
contained in such double cover is not permitted to evaporate till it is drawn
into the salt pan, and thus is chrystallization prevented in the double cover.
But in order that my Invention may be more clearly understood and carried
into effect, I will describe the Drawing hereunto annexed, which represents an
end section and plan of a salt pan having my improvements applied thereto.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Fig. 1 is an end view, and Figuro 2 is a plan at the salt pan A, having
four angular tubes or pipes B, runing from end to end, and these tubes or
pipes are connected together at one end by pipes to a main steam pipe C,
which supplies steam from a boiler to the angular tubes or pipes B for the
purpose of heating and evaporating the brine contained in the salt pan A. To
these angular pipes or tubes there are also affixed cocks or valves D, to permit
of the air in such angular pipes or tubes being driven out by the steam as it
enters from the main pipe C. The condensed steam is conveyed off from the
angular pipes or tubes B by the pipes E. In working the pan with this im-
provement, the chrystals of salt are to be removed from time to time from off

page_text: the bottom of the salt pan A by passing scrapers underneath the angular
pipes or tubes, and thereby drawing the chrystals so formed to the sides of the
pan, and then removing the same by skimmers or perforated shovels in the
usual manner.
My second improvement is shown in section in Figure 1, and consists of the
double cover, which, from being able to obtain a large surface, and from its
conveying the condensed steam away without permitting it to fall back into
the pan, I prefer to be formed angular or curved; F being such double cover,
which is placed over and runs from end to end of the salt pan, by which
means the steam as it rises from off the surface of the brine strikes against
the under surface of the cover F, and gives off its heat, and becomes condensed
and runs down the surface till it comes into the troughs G, placed on each
side to receive and convey it away without permitting it to fall again into the
brine contained in the pan A. H is a pipe for supplying brine to the double
cover F from a reservoir, and the cover is thereby kept continually full of
brine; but the same is not allowed to evaporate till it is drawn off into the
salt pan A by the pipes or valves I placed for that purpose, whereby the brine
does not chrystalize in the cover F, and the brine so heated in the double
cover
is to be brought into the pan A from time to time to compensate for
the evaporation and for the salt from time to time removed from the pan A.
Inving now described the nature of my improvements, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I would bere observe, that although I have
shown and described there to be only four angular pipes or tubes B, yet I
do not confine myself to that number, nor do I confine myself to the angle
shewn, as the same may be varied, care being observed that the same are not
constructed in a manner to form surfaces on which the chrystals will lodge as
they form and descend in the brine to the bottom of the pan. The angular
pipes or tubes I prefer to be formed of copper, sufficiently strong to bear the
pressure of the steam used as the heating medium, yet I do not confine myself
to the use of that metal.
And I do further declare, that in using such angular pipes or tubes they
may have furnaces or fire places formed in them as described in the Speci-
fication of the said Joseph Tilt, and in constructing the double cover I usually
form the same in one continuous chamber of iron or copper, but the same
may be constructed in separate compartments, either running longitudinally
or up to the angle of such cover.
And whereas I claim as my Invention,―
First, the placing of angular pipes or tubes in salt pans, in the manner
above described, for evaporating the brine, such angular pipes or tubes being

page_text: above the bottom of the salt pan, as shown and described, and consequently
having brine beneath them.
Secondly, I claim the placing of a double cover over the surface of the
brine undergoing evaporation, such double cover being filled with brine to be
heated by the steam arising from the salt pan, but such brine so contained in
the double cover not being permitted to evaporate till it is drawn off into the
salt pan, whereby the brine is prevented forming into chrystals in the said
double cover, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Furnival, have hereunto set my
band and seal, this Twentieth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-one.