A NEW AND IMPROVED COMPOSITION OR COMBINATION OF MATERIALS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FIRE-BRICKS, CRUCIBLES, RETORTS, AND OTHER FIRE-WARE GOODS, BURNT OR UNBURNT."
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Jones Payne, of Cardiff, in the County
of Glamorgan, Merchant, for the Invention of "A NEW AND IMPROVED
COMPOSITION OR COMBINATION OF MATERIALS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF FIRE-BRICKS, CRUCIBLES, RETORTS, AND OTHER FIRE-WARE GOODS, BURNT
OR UNBURNT."
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Samuel Jones Payne at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 5th December 1871, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL JONES
PAYNE, of Cardiff, in the County of Glamorgan, Merchant, send greeting..
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "A NEW AND
IMPROVED COMPOSITION OR COMBINATION OF MATERIALS
.
TO BE USED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF FIRE-BRICKS, CRUCIBLES, RETORTS, AND OTHER FIRE-WARE
GOODS, BURNT OR UNBURNT," and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant

page_text: unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters
Patent for the same, and have made solemn Declaration that I am the
true and first Inventor thereof.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Jones Payne, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and
seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention consists of such an admixture of siliceous, aluminous,
and other materials as shall be mixed in such certain proportions and in
such manner as I shall herein-after mention.
I propose to use such materials as canister, stone, lime or limestone,
red marl, clay, or stone, soapstone, fuller's earth, blast furnace slag,
gravel of all kinds, iron ore, kaolin or China clay, ground fire-bricks
or seggars, quartz sand, fire-sand, mica, sandstone, any conglomerate
stones, felspar, roof slate, drawing slate, hornblende,, basalt, greywacke,
flint, granite, and all and any other siliceous materials, plumbago,
calamine, baryta, steatite, magnesia, fire-clay, loam, chalk, Dorset clay,
pipeclay, alumina pure or in any ingredient containing it in such
proportions as shall be deemed by me desirable for the carrying out or
on the objects of my Invention, also coal, coke, hair, sawdust, shale,
black band, plaster of Paris, Portland cement, potash, rock alum,
lias clay, clunch clay, Kimmeridge clay, plastic clay, London clay,
argillaceous golt, Wealden clay, potter's clay in every form, porcelain
clay, claystone, shale clay, common clay, meagre clay, calcareous clay,
"Ludi Helmontii" clay, sulphuric acid, sulphur, manganese, German
clay, asbestos, gluten, salt.
Using all or any or one or more of the before-mentioned materials
either burnt or unburnt, dissolved or chemically treated in any manner
in which I can best use it for my purpose, mixing them by the ordinary
methods of grinding, pugging, &c. by machinery or other or hand
power, adding pure water or water mixed with any of the ingredients
hot or cold, more or less as shall be desirable, and moulding such
materials into bricks, crucibles, retorts, or other goods in such manner
or way as I may think it best, drying them by the agency of artificial
heat or in the open air or in any manner I desire; also burning the said
materials separately or combined before and after admixture in any

page_text: manner or way and to any degree of heat I may wish, and using for the
further benefit of such mixtures of materials such other of the materials
powdered separately or mixed as shall tend to consolidate or assist in
completing the object of my Invention.
The proportions in which I propose using for my purpose the said
materials are as follows:-Flint gravel, or flint, or any other of the
before-mentioned suitable materials, four-fifths, clay and calamine with
sand or cement, one-fifth.
I do not confine myself to using the above proportions but to
the combining of them in such manner and proportions as I may deem
preferable.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I declare that I claim as
original, the use of calamine, and lime, and cement, or any one, two, or
all of them in combination with any or all of the before-mentioned
materials.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Jones Payne, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
SAMUEL JONES PAYNE.
(L.S.)

page_text: "
so clearly defined as might be desirable, I therefore, in order to render
the Specification in all respects clear, and to remove all grounds for
objection that may be urged against its sufficiency, amend the same by
means of the following corrections, which will convey my original mean-
ing, (that is to say):-
:―
"
At page 2 of the printed Specification, line 9, I insert the word "and'
between the words "silicious" and "aluminous," and at line ten I strike
out the words "and other" and also "as shall be mixed," and in place
of these latter words I insert "with calamine." In line twelve, after the
word "
use," I insert the words "for the silicious component," and for
the word "canister" I substitute the word " ganister." I also strike
out the following words, namely, "stone, lime or limestone, red marl,
clay or stone, soapstone, fuller's earth." I also strike out line fourteen,
and in line fifteen I strike out "or seggars, sand" and "any con-
glomerate." I strike out line sixteen with the exception of the word
felspar." In line seventeen I insert the word "and" after "flint,"
and between the words "granite" and "fire-clay" of the next line I
strike out all the intervening words, and substitute therefor "For the
aluminous component I propose to use such materials as." After the
word "fire-clay" I strike out "loam, chalk." From the word "pipe-
clay," line nineteen, I strike out all the words following to the end of
line twenty-two inclusive, and in line twenty-three I substitute "and"
for the words "plastic clay," and I strike out the remainder of the
paragraph. Line twenty-eight I commence with the word "Any," and
in place of the next following word I insert the word "example." In
the same line, before the word "materials" I insert the words "two
classes of." In line thirty I substitute the word " them" for " it,"
and I change the words "mixing them" to "I mix." In lines thirty-
one and thirty-two I strike out the words "or other or hand power'
and also "or water mixed with any of the ingredients," and after "pure
"water" I insert "thereto. In line thirty-three I insert after the word
"desirable" "I then add the calumine." The word "moulding” I
alter to mould." In line thirty-five I alter "them" to "the," and
دو
seven
A
"
insert after it the word "goods." At line thirty- I insert before the
word "materials" the words "siliceous and aluminous," and I change
the word "and" to "or." In page three, line one, I strike out the
words "and using for the." I also strike out line two and line three,

page_text: with the exception of the words in the latter line "to assist in." In
line six I strike out the words "flint, gravel, or." In line seven I
insert before "suitable" the word "like," and at the end of that line I
strike out "with" and the words "sand or cement" following. After
"one-fifth " I add "the calamine being, say eight per cent. of the whole
compound." At the end of line nine I strike out the word "to," and in
the next line I alter "the combining of them” into “combine the
materials." In lines fourteen and fifteen I strike out "and lime and
cement, or any one, two, or all of them," and in place of the words
or all," line fifteen, I insert the word " example." Before the word
materials," line sixteen, I insert the words "two classes of," when the
Specification will read as follows:-
tr
This Invention consists of such an admixture of silicious and aluminous
materials with calamine in such certain proportions and in such manner
as I shall herein-after mention.
I propose to use for the silicious components such materials as ganister,
blast furnace slag, quartz, fire sand, mica, sandstone, felspar, flint, and
granite. For the aluminous component I propose to use such materials
as fire-clay, Dorset clay, pipe-clay, lias clay clay.
clunch clay, Kimmeridge clay, and London
A
· Any example, (one or more) of the before-mentioned two classes of
materials (either burnt or unburnt, dissolved or chemically treated in any
manner in which I can best use them for my purpose) I mix by the
ordinary methods of grinding, pugging, &c., by machinery, adding pure
water thereto, hot or cold, more or less as shall be desirable, I then add
the calamine, and mould such materials into bricks, crucibles, retorts, or
other goods in such manner or way as I may think it best, drying the
goods by the agency of artificial heat, or in the open air, or in any
manner I desire; also burning the said silicious and aluminous materials
separately or combined, before or after admixture, in any manner or way
and to any degree of heat I may wish to assist in completing the object
of. my Invention.
The proportions in which I propose using for my purpose the said
materials are as follows:-Flint or any other of the before-mentioned
like suitable materials, four-fifths; clay and calamine, one-fifth, the
calamine being, say, eight per cent. of the whole compound.
I do not confine myself to using the above proportions, but combine
the materials in such manner and proportions as I may deem preferable.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I declare that I claim as original
the use of calamine in combination with any example of the before-
mentioned two classes of materials.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I declare that I claim as original
the use of calamine in combination with any example of the before-
mentioned two classes of materials.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Jones Payne, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of July, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
ta
I hereby grant my fiat giving leave to the above-named Samuel
Jones Payne, to file in the Great Seal Patent Office, with the Specifica-
tion to which the same relates, the above-written Disclaimer and
Memorandum of Alteration.