A New or Improved Composition of Ink for Reproduction of Copies by the Manifold Process and the like.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Dec., 1891-Accepted, 6th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SIMOIFICATION.
A New or Improved Composition of Ink for Reproduction of Copies
by the Manifold Process and the like.
1, WILLIAM SHERWOOD of The Square, Long Whatton, Loughborough in
the County of Leicester, Tutor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to certain new or improved composition of ink for
reproduction of copies by the manifold process and the like, the object being to
produce ink in various colours from aniline dye crystals or powder in solution with
water and then the combining of such solution with boiled linseed oil and so
furnishing the ink.
In carrying this invention into effect I employ a quantity of aniline dye crystals
soluble in water also powdered borax. I dissolve the borax with boiling water in
the proportion of 1 to 12 by weight. I then add this (a little at a time for the
convenience of mixing) to the aniline dye powder or crystals. The proportion by
weight of the powder to the liquid of water and borax should vary according to the
color of the dye powder and the quality. For good black it should be one of
powder to eight of the mixture of water and borax. It matters little whether the
liquid be hot or cold for most dyes, though some mix best with hot liquid. To
this mixture I add an equal weight of boiled linseed oil. If this linseed oil be
boiled over special dryers favourable to the particular colour required the effect is
better such as linseed oil boiled over black oxide of manganese for black inks and
for red and purple blues and so forth suitable dryers can be chosen.
I thus obtain a compound or ink which is neither an oil colour nor a water
colour and which according to the colour of aniline dye employed will give the
corresponding colour of ink well adapted for use in the production of manifold
copies or reproductions by means of the cyclostyle trypograph or spring-needle-pen
process or other process where a perforated stencil paper is employed in the
production of manifold copies.
Dated 26th March 1901
WALTER A. BARLOW,
Pro W. Sherwood,
46, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Composition of Ink for Reproduction of Copies
by the Manifold Process and the like.
I, WILLIAM SHERWOOD of The Square, Long Whatton, Loughborough in
the County of Leicester, Tutor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to certain new or improved composition of ink for
reproduction of copies by the manifold process and the like, the object being to
produce ink in various colours from aniline dye crystals or powder in solution with
water, and then the combining of such solution with boiled linseed oil and so
furnishing the ink.
In carrying this invention into effect I employ a quantity of aniline dye crystals
soluble in water, also powdered borax. I dissolve the borax with boiling water in
the proportion of "
one to "12" by weight. I then add this (a little at a time
"

page_text: for the convenience of mixing) to the aniline dye powder or crystals. The pro-
portion by weight of the powder to the liquid of water and borax varies according
to the colour of the dye powder and the quality of same.
And for violets I do not use the borax.
For good black I take "one" of powder to "four" of the mixture of water and
borax, but "one" to "eight" of water and oil. It matters little whether the
liquids be hot or cold for most dyes, though some mix best with hot liquid. To this
mixture of water and borax I add an equal weight of boiled linseed oil or pale
drying oil. As much depends on the age of the boiled oil and its quality the
formulae given necessarily admit of modifications according to the qualities of the
materials employed. Old oil being thick and dries much quicker. The formulae
given is for the ordinary conditions in all cases.
For example I take of aniline dye powder nigrosine No. 15 "ten" parts for
convenience to "four" of ground borax to these dry substances I add "forty" of
boiling water, these should steep from "eight" to "twelve" hours, not as an
absolute necessity but to save trouble. I then add "forty" parts of boiled linseed
oil, or pale drying oil. In practice I find that other blacks such as "nigrosine NS,"
nigrosine crystals, black 2157/8, 1650 and others, beside the No. 15 above
mentioned take up the same ingredients in or about the same proportions but in
the case of acid black B, and water black N B both aniline dry powders with
others of the same class require to be made a little thicker, which I accomplish
with "five" parts or thereabouts of litho. varnish (medium). If it requires
thinning down for use on thick paper this can be done by using about "five" parts
of raw linseed oil.
Such operation of thinning or thickening is in a great measure dependent upon
the number of copies it is desired to obtain, or according to the thickness or quality
or glazing of the paper employed. But the beforementioned example is adapted
for any ordinary rough faced paper used for such purpose and for “
"fifty or more
copies, as may be desired.
"
And it will be well understood that in some instances particularly in violet
colours, the use of a little spirit say "five" parts or less to "ten of aniline
dye powder without borax, is essential, and "two" to "four" parts increases the
brilliancy of "blues" and "greens."
Such "blues" and "greens" mixed as described take less liquid for a workable
consistence and bearing out, but reds, yellows, oranges and the like take up more
oil but less water than other colours, while in violets and green J. 3. E more liquid
is taken up and I preferably steep these crystals or powder in about five parts or
less of spirit; (methylated) instead of in borax and water, and then finish with
boiling water and oil.
By the above means I thus obtain a compound or ink which is neither an oil
colour nor a water colour and which according to the colour of aniline dye crystal
or powder employed will give the corresponding colour of ink well adapted for use
in the production of manifold copies or reproductions by means of the cyclostyle,
trypograph, spring-needle pen, electric pen or "horograph" process, or any other
process where a perforated stencil paper is employed in the production of manifold
copies.
I do not claim a chemical combination in all or any cases but that the colouring
matter is at least held in suspension and in such form that the friction of the roller
on board or slab of cyclostyle work, or electric, spring pen, litho or mimeograph
and of brush and scraper on the trypograph system for taking copies at once brings
out the colour without any special act other than that used in the case of inks now
employed. I am aware that it was proposed to make a water colour by an appli-
cation for Patent No. 4524 of 1879, "Gestetner" by the combination of glycerine,
syrup, linseed oil and aniline solution with or without soda. But I find it better
after a practical demonstration for the purpose referred to to dispense with
gylcerine and syrup, and only use as much, or no more than what forms a part or a
constituent of linseed oil, or pale drying oil. And thus form or combine such

page_text: aniline dye crystals or powders, water, and linseed oil, with or without borax or
spirit, a chemical or mechanical mixture wherein the colouring matter, or particles
are held in suspension in such a state that the colour of the dye employed is
imparted to the surface of the paper or other copying material by, or upon the
slightest friction caused by the appliances used in the several processes above
mentioned.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In the reproduction of manifold copies and the like the employment of a com-
position of ink in various colours, composed of aniline dye crystals or powders in
solution with water, or water and spirit, and in suspension with boiled linseed oil,
or pale drying oil with or without powdered borax, in the proportions or there-
abouts substantially as herein described.
WILLIAM SHERWOOD.
William Bestwick Maxfield,
The "Central" Office for Patents, &c.,
No. 19, Bowling Green Street, Leicester.
Date way
WILLIAM SHERWOOD.
William Bestwick Maxfield,
The "Central" Office for Patents, &c.,
No. 19, Bowling Green Street, Leicester.