IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLE STICKS AND CANDLES THEREFOR
Year: 1884

page_text: I, BENJAMIN WILLCOX of Tavistock Place in the County of Middlesex do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLE
STICKS AND CANDLES THEREFOR "to be as follows:
My Invention has for its object to provide a candlestick in which candles can be
held securely and this with candles of different sizes According to my Invention
I form the socket of the candlestick into which the candle is inserted with a screw
thread or equivalent projection or web or projections or webs and I make the said
socket tapering or conical with the smaller part downwards. The candle is inserted
into the candlestick and a rotatory movement is given to it whoroby the said
projections or webs engage with the candle and hold it firmly in position. The
socket may be made with its sides parallel and the screw or projections or webs
may in this case be of sufficient prominence to engage candles of different thick-
nesses. I prefer to make the socket with an opening clear through the bottom of
the candlestick, and it may be closed at bottom by a screw plug. The candles may
be moulded with a screw or holical projection or web or projections or webs at their
butt ends, but this will not be absolutely necessary as the screw thread projections
or webs in the socket of the candlestick will cut into or imbed themselves in the
candle when it is inserted thereinto in the herein before mentioned manner.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
"
I, BENJAMIN WILLCOX late of Tavistock Place in the County of Middlesex but
at present of York Place in the said County do hereby declare the nature of my
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLESTICKS AND CANDLES THEREFOR
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My Invention has for its principal object to provide a candlestick in which
candles of different sizes can be held securely the said candlesticks being readily
manufactured at small cost and without the objectionable additional parts hitherto
necessary in devices for this purpose which parts have rendered the candlesticks
and candleholders as hitherto made or proposed to be made for this purpose either
expensive in first cost or objectionable in use by being liable to get out of repair or
the parts thereof to break or become clogged.
According to my Invention the socket or nozzle of the candlestick into which
socket or nozzle the candles are inserted is made complete like the ordinary socket
of a candlestick but the said socket or nozzle is formed conical with the larger end
upwards and is formed or provided in its interior with a screw thread. The upper
end of the said socket or nozzle is of an internal diameter as large as, or larger than
the largest size candle for which the candlestick is made and the lower end of the
Baid socket or nozzle is of an internal diameter as small as or smaller than the
smallest sizo candle for which the candlestick is made. The said complete socket
or nozzle so formed may either be made in one with the candlestick itself or it may
be made so as to be capable of being inserted and removed like an ordinary
removeable socket, nozzle or "save-all."
On a candle of any size or thickness from the largest or thickest to the smallest
or thinnest the socket or nozzle is made to hold being inserted into the said socket
or nozzle and a twisting movement or a movement in a rotary direction being given
to the said candle a portion of the said screw thread will bite into or become
imbedded in the substance of the candle and will hold it firmly in position and
this without any shavings or pieces of the candle being caused to fall outside the
said socket or nozzle. Moreover as the socket or nozzle is complete the gutterings
or drippings..from the candle have no more tendency to run down outside the
socket or nozzle than they have with ordinary candlesticks. The socket or nozzle
I may be made with its sides parallel and the screw thread be made of sufficient
prominence to engage candles of different sizes or thicknesses the said screw thread
being imbedded more deeply in the larger sized candles than in the smaller sized
candles. The candles may he made or moulded with a screw thread or the
equivalent at their butt or lower ends if desired but this is not necessary. It may
be done where it is desired to provide a candlestick to fit one particular size candle
for example in making up boxes containing candles and a candlestick therefor or
in other cases where it may be desirable.
In order that my Invention may be thoroughly understood I will more particularly
describe the same with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a chainber candlestick made according to my
Invention with a complete but conical socket and with a screw thread in its interior.

page_text: Figure 2 is a corresponding section of the socket showing a large size candle held
therein and Figure 3 is a corresponding section of the socket shewing a small size
candle held therein. Figure 4 shows a socket of less depth than that shewn in
Figures 1, 2 and 3 and Figure 5 shows a socket of a still less depth Figures 6 and 7
are sections of a socket or nozzle with parallel sides and with a deep screw, thread
Figure 6 shewing a large size candle held by the said screw thread and Figure 7
shewing a small size candle held by the said screw thread. Figure 8 illustrates a
rounded form of screw thread. Figure 9 is a vertical section of a sheet metal
candlestick constructed according to my Invention and Figures 10 and 11 show a
socket nozzle or "save-all" removeable from and replaceable in the candlestick or
candle holder bracket or candelabra just as the ordinary separable sockets, nozzles
or "save-alls" are removeable and replaceable Figure 10 being a section shewing
the said socket nozzle or "save-all" in position in the holder and Figure 11 being
an exterior view of the said socket nozzle or "save-all." Figure 12 shews a very
shallow socket provided with a screw thread adapted to receive candles of one Bizo
or of but slightly different sizes. This form is adapted for being made for sale
with, or for holding short candles or candles formed with a screw thread on their
butt or lower ends as shewn in Figure 13 but it may be used to hold candles of a
size suited to be held by it and without a specially formed screw thread on their
butt or lower ends. The candlesticks or candleholders may be made in any suitable
material such as china or earthenware or glass or metal or evon in wood and the
screw thread may be produced in any way in which such formations are capable of
being or are usually effected. For example the candlesticks Figures 1 to 5 and
Figures 8 and 12 may be made in china or earthenwaro in which case as the socket
is complete the screw may be conveniently formed by cutting or moulding the screw
in the clay and afterwards firing and if required glazing in the ordinary way. Or
they may be made in glass the screw thread being formed or moulded therein whilst
the glass is in a plastic state, the complete form of the socket enabling this to be
done with great facility. The candlestick or candleholder shewn in Figures 6 and 7
may be made in metal as also may the socket nozzle or "save-all" shewn in
Figures 10 and 11 which latter may be cast and it may be of any suitable exterior
formation provided that it is a complete socket in itself and can be slipped into
and from the holder after the manner of an ordinary removeable socket nozzle or
"save-all." As shown in the Drawing it has a part of its external sides parallel
that it may the better be securely retained in the ordinary recoss formed in the
bracket or the like. The sheet metal candlestick shewn in Figure 9 may be pressed
or spun up in any suitable way; for example the tray part may be pressed in one
picco, and the top rim in another pieco and these bo afterwards fixed by soldering
or otherwise to the conical socket part.
I do not limit myself to the particular "pitch" or the particular sectional shape
of the scrow thread as shewn in the Drawings as they may it is evident be varied
without departing from the nature of my Invention provided that they be of such
a nature that the candle can be engaged therowith by a movement of rotation or
partial rotation
}
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. A candlestick or candleholder having a complete socket or nozzle, of a conical
or tapering shape and with a screw thread in its interior with which the candles
can be caused to engage by a movement of rotation or partial rotation the said
socket or nozzle being formed in one with or as part of the candlestick or being
inserted and held therein and removeable therefrom like an ordinary removeable
socket or "save-all" substantially as and for the purpose herein before described.
2. A candlestick or candleholder with a complete socket or nozzle having &
screw thread in its interior with which the candles can be caused to engage by a
movement of rutation or partial rotation the said socket or nozzle being either of

page_text: the ordinary depth or made shallower and being formed in one with or as part of
the candlestick or being inserted and hold therein and removeable therefrom liko
an ordinary removeable socket or "save-all" substantially as and for the purpose
hereinbefore described.
3. A candle with a screw thread or the equivalent on its butt or lower end as-5
herein before described for use with candlesticks or candleholders having a socket or
nozzle formod with a screw thread in the interior of such a kind that the candle
can be engaged therewith by a motion of rotation or partial rotation substantially
as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.