IMPROVEMENTS IN INKSTANDS AND INKHOLDERS
Year: 1841

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
GAUCI, of North Crescent, Bedford Square, Artist, and ALEXANDER BAIN, of
Wigmore Street, Cavendish Square, Mechanist, both in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-first day of June, in the fifth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said Joseph Gauci
and Alexander Bain, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that we, the said Joseph Gauci and Alexander Bain, our exors,
admors, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Joseph Gauci and Alexander
Bain, our exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INKSTANDS AND INKHOLDERS;" in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso that we, the said Joseph Gauci and Alexander Bain, or
one of us, shall cause a particular description of the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled
in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months

page_text: next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Joseph Gauci and Alexander Bain, do hereby declare that the nature of our
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are
fully described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures
and letters marked thereon (that is to say):-
Our Invention relates,-
First, to a mode of constructing inkstands and inkholders by applying a
force pump below the surface of the ink in the vessel containing the ink, and
thus to supply ink from time to time for use.
And, secondly, our Invention relates to a mode of constructing inkstands
and inkholders by causing the ink vessel (or part thereof) containing ink to
move partly round, and by the gravitating property of the ink to supply ink to
an inkholder for use. And, in order that our Invention may be most fully
described and readily carried into effect, we will describe the Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents the section of an inkstand and inkholder made
according to the first part of our Invention.
Figure 2 shews another section of the same inkstand and holder, the ink
being raised into the inkholder for use, whilst in the previous Figure the ink
is all within the inkstand. a is the inkholder, the tube 6 by which it is
supplied being in connection with a pump barrel c, within which works the
piston d, there being slits or openings e, e, by which the ink can flow from the
vessel containing the ink into the pump barrel c. The piston dis raised and
lowered by a screw, or by other convenient means; and it will be evident that
when the piston is raised above the slits or openings e, e, as shewn in Figure 1,
the ink will flow into the barrel of the pump, and the descent of the piston
will force the ink from the pump barrel into the inkholder a for use; and
when the ink is no longer required, the piston being raised will allow the ink
to flow back into the ink vessel or stand.
Figures 3 and 4 shew two other sections of an inkstand, different somewhat
from that shewn in Figures 1 and 2; for it will be seen that the piston acts
to force the ink into the inkholder by its ascending movement, in place of

page_text: acting to press up the ink in its descent in the barrel of the pump. In the
Figures 3 and 4 the same parts are marked with the same letters of reference,
and the description given to them in respect to Figures 1 and 2 will apply,
subject to the above observations.
Figures 5 and 6 shew two sections of another arrangement of inkstand and
inkholder, acting in a similar manner in respect to the pumping up of ink by
a piston working in a suitable pump barrel; but in this case the piston is
affixed to the tube f, through which the ink is forced into the inkholder a, and
the piston d enters a well or barrel formed at the lower part of the vessel
containing the ink, as is shewn. The tube f is fixed in a cork or other
suitable stopper 9, there being an ornamental cover h for the mouth of the
inkstand, as is shewn; and it will readily be understood, on an examination of
the Drawing, that if the stopper 9 be raised, as in Figure 5, the whole of the
ink will flow back into the inkstand, and on the other hand, when the stopper
is pressed into the mouth of the ink vessel, as shewn in Figure 6, the piston
will be pressed into the chamber or barrel constituting the pump barrel, and
the ink will be thereby forced up through the tube f into the inkholder a
for use.
We will now describe the second part of our Invention. Figure 7 shews
a front view, Figure 8 shews an end view, and Figures 9 and 10 shew
transverse sections of an inkstand and inkholder, constructed according to
the second part of our Invention, Figures 7, 8, and 9 shewing the ink
supplied to the inkholder for use, and Figure 10 shewing the ink returned to
the inkstand. The inkstand consists of a barrel h, which is capable of
moving partly round in the frame i, it being retained secure in the frame i by
the part ', which partly embraces the cylinder or barrel h. The inkholder j
forms part of or is affixed to the barrel h, there being an opening k for the
flow of ink into and from the inkholder, as is shewn. is the cover of the
inkholder when it is retained stationary in the position shewn in the Drawing,
Figure 10, and is carried by the part 2, as is also shewn. m. is an opening
to allow of air passing into the barrel or inkstand. The application of this
hole allows the ink to flow into the inkholder when brought into a proper
position, and the ink is prevented overflowing in case of increase of tempera-
ture, the expanded air passing off at the hole m.. In using an inkstand
constructed as above explained, the ink is filled into the inkholder when in the
position shewn at. Figures 7, 8, and 9, and when not required for use the ink
is all caused to flow into the inkstand by moving the barrel partly round, and
into the position shewn at Figure 10, by which means the ink will not only be

page_text: returned, but the inkholder will be closed by coming against its cover, and thus
prevent dust getting into the ink; and when again required for use the
inkholder, being again moved into the position shewn in Figures 7, 8, and 9,
the ink will flow into the inkholder; or in place of the whole ink vessel
moving partly round in order to bring the inkholder j to a proper position to
receive the flow of ink, only part of the ink vessel or apparatus connected
therewith may be moved.
Figures 11 and 12 shew an inkstand and inkholder according to this
variation of construction. In this case only the part a moves round, such
part carrying the inkholder, and the general vessel containing the ink
remains stationary, the part or end a being kept close by means of a spring y.
The metal part is lined with glass cemented within it, and the surfaces being
ground together in order to make a fluid-tight joint; or a fluid-tight joint may
be made by other convenient means, allowing the part which carries the
inkholder to move,. in order to bring the inkholder to receive ink. The spring
y carries the cover of the inkholder, and when it is required to remove the end
or cover x, that may be done by removing the screw y', when the spring y may
be moved out of the way by turning on its axis y, all which will be readily
understood on examining Figures 11 and 12 of the Drawings.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we would have it understood that we do
not confine ourselves to the precise details, shewn, so long as the peculiar
character of our Invention be retained. And we wish it to be understood that
what we claim is,―
First, the mode of constructing the inkstands and inkholders by applying
thereto a force pump below the level of the ink in the inkstand, as above
described in respect to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and: 6.
And, secondly, we claim the mode of constructing inkstands and inkholders
by causing the vessel, or part of the vessel, containing the ink to move partly
round, and by the gravitating property of the ink to supply the inkholder, as
described in respect to Figures 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12..
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph Gauci and Alexander Bain, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-first day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-one.
JOSEPH (L.S.). GAUCI.
ALEX BAIN. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-first day of December,
in the year of our Lord 1841, the aforesaid Joseph Gauci and Alexander
Bain came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknow-
ledged the Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained
and specified, in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid
was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-first day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-one.