IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE WHEELS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Haseltine, of the "International Patent
Office," No. 100, Fleet Street, in the City of London, American Barrister-
at-Law, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE WHEELS."― A
communication from abroad by Charles Leavitt, of the City of Cleveland,
State of Ohio, United States of America.
Sealed the 10th October 1862, and dated the 9th August 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Haseltine at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
August 1862.
İ, GEORGE HASELTINE, of the "International Patent Office," No. 100, Fleet
Street, in the City of London, American Barrister-at-Law, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE
WHEELS," a communication to me from abroad by Charles Leavitt, of the
City of Cleaveland, State of Ohio, United States of America, to be as
follows:
These improvements relate chiefly to the novel construction of the hub, aud
peculiar arrangement of the spokes of carriago wheels. The spokes are
constructed in the ordinary manner, but the ends that enter the hubs are
bevelled on their sides so that these sides represent radial lines from the
centre of the axle. The axle is of the usual form, with a nut or other fastening.
on its end. A pipe box is used with a heavy thread cut on the exterior surface
of the outer end. The hub is constructed of metal and is cast in two parts:
The inner part may hecast with the pipe, box, or separately, but the outer

page_text: part must be cast separately. The proximate faces of the two parts of the
hub are divided into equal radial parts, the number equalling the number of
spokes in the wheel. Every alternate division of the faces of the hubs is cut
away to the depth of half the width of the spoke, more or less, in each of which
cavities is fixed a spoke, the inner end resting on the pipe box, but the parts
of the hub are relatively arranged to bring the projections on the one part
opposite the depressions in the other. When a spoke is placed in each of the
depressions on either face, the projecting part of the spokes completely fills the
circular space between the two portions of the hub. By means of a nut on
the pipe box the outer part of the hub is brought towards the other, firmly
securing the spokes in their places. By making the face of the inner part of
the "hub" concave and the face of the outer part convex, the required "dish"
is given to the wheel. A cap is screwed on the outer end of the pipe box,
which forms a handsome finish to the hub, and excludes dust and. mud. By
this arrangement the greatest possible number of spokes can be introduced,
their base increased in width, and the spokes be supported by a metallic
bearing upon either side, and at their inner end upon the. pipe box. Any
looseness of the spokes caused by shrinkage can be easily remedied by turning
on the nut fitted to the pipe box; and a broken or defective spoke can be
readily replaced without disturbing the position of any other spoke, by turning
off the nut and removing the outer end of the "hub."
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Haseltine in the Great Seal Patent Office on tho
30th December 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGES
HASELTINE, of the "International Patent Office," No. 100, Fleet Street, in the
City of London, American Barrister-at-Law, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said George Haseltine, Her special licence that I, the said George Haseltine,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George
Haseltine, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
therein expressed, should and lawfully, might make, use, exercise, and vend,

page_text: within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE
WHEELS," a communication from Charles Leavitt, of the City of Cleveland;
State of Ohio, United States of America, upon the condition, amongst others,
that I, the said George Haseltine, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals;
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Haseltine, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, with the
letters marked thereon, making a part of this Specification.
These improvements relate chiefly to the novel construction of the hub; and
peculiar. arrangement of the spokes of carriago wheels. The construction of
the hub is such that the spokes of the wheel can be arranged in two rows,
thus forming a broader base, the spokes being in contact with each other for
part of their width, thus filling the entire circle, while at the same time each
separate spoke is supported in part or in wholo upon each side by a metallic
mortise. The hub being formed in two parts and made of metal, enables me
by means of a screw upon the pipe box to compress the spokos edgewise, and
thus preserve their position in the wheel, at the same time the desired amount
of dish is given to the wheel by means of the back part of the hub being
concave and the front part convex where the two parts impinge against the
edge of the spokes. By this arrangement the largest possible number of
spokes can be introduced, the required amount of dish obtained, and each spoke
be supported by a metallic bearing upon either side, and at the inner end upon
the pipe box. Any shrinkage in the spokes causing. looseness can be remedied
at any time by screwing up the nut that holds the parts together. The wheel
is also so constructed that each spoke has a bearing upon the pipe box.
DESCRIPTION OF THE
DRAWINGS

page_text: .
A, Figure 1, represents the front end of the hub, which is also represented
in Figures 4 and 5. B, B', in the several Figures represent the spokes.
These may be, made by machinery in the common way, and are straight
upon their back and front edges. Their sides may also be straight from
the point at which they leave the hub till they enter the felloe. The ends
that enter the hub are flattened, as seen at C, in Figures 2 and 3, upon their
sides, so that these flattened sides represent radial lines from the centro of
the axle.
In Figure 1, which is a vertical section of the wheel and hub the structure
of the hub is clearly shown. In this Figure, D represents the axle; this
is made in the usual form, with a nut D¹ upon the outer end; E. is a pipe
box, indicated also in the Figures 4 and 5. The outer end of this has a
heavy thread cut upon it, as indicated at E'; F is the heel or back part of
the hub, and may be cast with the pipe box or separate from it. The face
of this is seen at F', in Figure 5, and is divided into equal radial parts, in
number equaling half the number of spokes in the wheel. Every alternate
division is cut away to a depth equaling half the width of the spoke, as seen
at a, a, a, in Figures 4 and 5, more or less, in each of which half mortise is
affixed a spoke B, the inner end of which is fitted to and rests upon the pipe
box E. The front end of the hub G, so far as these half mortises are con-
cerned, is an exact duplicate of the part represented by F, and is always cast
separate from the pipe box E. The opening G is sufficiently large to admit
of its passage over the pipe box, where it is held in place by the uut H, on
the thread E. The part F of the hub being filled with spokes, as before
described, a like number of recesses or half mortises are formed between the
spokes, corresponding with the half mortises in the forward end of the hub
G, and seen at a', which being also filled with spokes B', is passed upon the
pipe box E, the spokes B' entering between the spokes B, as in Figure 4;
the metallic projections e, i, e, i, e, i, mutually press against the spokes B, B',
by means of the nut H being screwed upon the pipe box E.
the concave surface of the face F and the convex surface of
the desired dish is given to the wheel, as. indicated by the red line I, in
Figure 1. A cap K is screwed upon the outer end of the pipe box, which
forms a handsome finish to the hub, and protects the outer end of the axle
from mud and dust. In fitting this wheel together, the spokes may be set
in both parts. I and G, and temporarily clamped together, and the inner ends
of the spokes bored out to a uniform length so as to fit accurately upon the
pipe box E. Should a spoke become broken by accident, a new one can be
fitted by running off the nut H, and removing the forward end of the hub G,
By means of
the face of G,

page_text: nd this without disturbing the position of any other spoke. And further
he spokes can be kept permanently tight, by tightening at any time the
aut H.
Figure 6 and 7 are modifications of the described hub without changing
the nature of the Invention; Figure 7 being a longitudinal section of Figure
6, in the direction of the line X, X. In these views I represent the nut H,
Figure 1, placed in the rear of the hub, as indicated at L, with the corre-
sponding thread upon the pipe-box M. The nut L extends back over the
collar N of the axle N¹. By this arrangement the shoulder O is placed in
front of the hub instead of in the rear, as in Figure 1. The sections or parts
P, P, of the hub are the same as F and G, before described, excepting the
ends P¹ of the mortises are straight instead of being at an angle or inclined,
as in Figure 1. R represents an oil hole with a screw T, by which the wheels
can be easily oiled, and the oil is prevented from exuding by the peculiar
construction of the hub.
What I claim as my improvements, and desire to secure by Letters Patent
is, so dividing the two parts of the hub F and G into alternate depressions
and projections having their longitudinal faces bounded by radial lines from
the centre of the axle, and filling the alternate spaces a' and with spokes,
in such a manner. that each spoke shall have in part a metallic bearing upon
each side filling the entire space with spokes, in the manner substantially as
described.
2nd, I claim the concave face of F, and the concave face of G, the nut H,
and cap K, and its equivalent, substantially as described, operating as and
for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Tenth
day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-two..