IMPROVEMENTS IN TANNING HIDES AND SKINS."
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Daniel Fryer, Thomas Leach Cross Watt, and
William Holmes, all of No. 48, Paternoster Row, in the City of London,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TANNING HIDES AND SKINS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Daniel Fryer, Thomas
Leach Cross Watt, and William Holmes at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 3rd November 1858.
We, DANIEL FRYER, THOMAS LEACH CROSS WATT, and WILLIAM HOLMES, all'
of No. 48, Paternoster Row in the City of London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TANNING HIDES AND SKINS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in tanning all leathers, skins, or hides by hydraulic
pressure, and is effected in the following manner :-
We employ round upright tanks to be made air-tight, and sufficiently strong
to bear a pressure of from 10 lbs. up to 120 lbs. to' the inch, according to the
time intended to be given in the process of tanning; these tanks are to be
fitted internally with laths or hoops, or both, to attach each skin to separately
at its full length, the internal fittings of the tanks to move upon centres so
that the skins when once placed in the tank will not have to be taken out
until thoroughly tanned. The skins or hides having been arranged in their
places, the hydraulic pump is then set to work, which forces the bark liquor
(such as is used in the old process) into the tanks up to the required pressure,
the bark liquor being now in the tanks, the fittings with the skins should be

page_text: moved about four times a day for the first three days, at the end of that time
to be moved twice a day, and at the end of the fifth day once, until fully
tanned, the liquor is then to be drawn off, the skins or hides removed, and
others substituted to be treated in like manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Daniel Fryer, Thomas Leach Cross Watt, and William
Holmes in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd May 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, DANIEL
FRYER, THOMAS LEACH CROSS WATT, and WILLIAM HOLMES, all of No. 48,
Paternoster Row, in the City of London, send greeting.
"
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Daniel Fryer, Thomas Leach Cross Watt, and William Holmes, Her
special licence that we, the said Daniel Fryer, Thomas Leach Cross Watt,
and William Holmes, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Daniel Fryer, Thomas Leach Cross Watt, and William
Holmes, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TANNING HIDES
AND SKINS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Daniel
Fryer, Thomas Leach Cross Watt, and William Holmes, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their hands and seals,
or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should. particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Daniel Fryer and Thomas Leach
Cross Watt, on behalf of ourselves and the said William Holmes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in-and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say:-

page_text: This Invention consists in tanning all leathers, skins, or hides by bydraulic
pressure, and is effected in the following manner :-
We employ round upright tanks to be made air-tight, and sufficiently
strong to bear a pressure of from 10 lbs. up to 120 lbs. to the inch according to
the time intended to be given in the process of tanning; these tanks are to be
fitted internally with laths or hoops, or both, to attach each skin to separately
at its full length, the internal fittings of the tanks to move upon centres, so
that the skins when once placed in the tank will not have to be taken out
until thoroughly tanned. The skins or hides having been 'arranged in their
places, the hydraulic pump is then set to work, which forces the bark liquor
(such as is used in the old process) into the tanks up to the required pressure;
the bark liquor being now in the tanks, the fittings with the skins should
be moved about four times a day for the first three days, at the end of
that time to be moved twice a day, and at the end of the fifth day once, until
fully tanned, the liquor is then to be drawn off, the skins or hides removed,
and others substituted to be treated in like manner.
Having now fully described the nature and object of our said Invention of
Improvements in Tanning Hides and Skins," together with the best means
we are acquainted with for carrying the same into effect, we would remark in
conclusion that what we claim as our Invention intended to be secured to
us by the herein in part recited Letters Patent, is the tanning of hides and
skins in manner herein described and set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said Daniel Fryer and Thomas Leach Cross
Watt, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirtieth day of
April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
nine.
Witness,
ALEX. PRINCE, Patent Agent,
4, Trafalgar Square.
DANIEL FRYER.
(L.S.)
THOS. L. C. WATT. (L.S.)