Improvements in the Manufacture of Paper and in Apparatus used for that purpose.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left. 20th Apr., 1892-Accepted, 7th May. 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Paper and in Apparatus used
for that purpose.
We, HUBERT RICHARDSON, Paper Manufacturer, and HENRY GLENNY,
Paper Mill Manager both of Springwell Paper Mills, Jarrow-on-Tyne in the
County of Durham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of paper and
in apparatus used for that purpose.
In order to remove sand, dust, dirt and foreign matter from rags esparto grass
straw or other substance used in the manufacture of paper either in the raw state
or intermediate between the process of boiling and beating or at other suitable stage
of the process of manufacturing fibre into paper we submit the fibre to the action
of a disintegrator or duster and washer hereinafter described either as a substitute
for or an addition to the ordinary dusting apparatus.
The disintegrator or duster we preferably employ consists of one or more
revolving toothed or plain drums working in cases with perforated or railed bottoms
of wood iron or any other suitable material with suitable openings for receiving
and discharging the material: or we may employ any other disintegrator or duster.
From the disintegrator or duster the esparto grass straw rags or other material is
discharged to a vat of iron wood or other suitable material in which is working one
or more endless chains which carry or drag the material through water which is
introduced into the vats and discharge the material into other vats with other
chains and water until the material is freed from sand dirt dust and foreign matter.
The bottoms of the vats in which the chains work may be perforated so as to allow
the sand dirt etc., to discharge. It is preferable to have three or more vats
ranged end to end in a line and having the bottom of each vat sloping upwards
towards the vats exit end so that there is a greater depth of water at the entrance
than at the delivery end of each vat and to have an endless chain carrying rakes
arranged to work in each vat over pullies one at the inlet the other at the exit end
and to have a perforated false bottom at the lower end of each vat and a settling
pit below this false bottom.
After being washed in the above way the conversion of the fibre into paper is
proceeded with in the ordinary way.
Dated this 7th day of January 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Paper and in Apparatus used
for that purpose.
We, HUBERT RICHARDSON, Paper Manufacturer, and HENRY GLENNY,
Paper Mill Manager, both of Springwell Paper Mills, Jarrow-on-Tyne, in the
County of Durham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of paper and
in apparatus used for that purpose.
In order to remove sand, dust, dirt and foreign matter from rags, esparto grass,
Prics &171

page_text: straw or other substance used in the manufacture of paper either in the raw state
or intermediate between the process of boiling and beating or at other suitable stage
of the process of manufacturing fibre into paper we submit the fibre to the action
of a disintegrator or duster and washer hereinafter described either as a substitute
for or an addition to the ordinary dusting apparatus.
The disintegrator or duster we preferably employ consists of one or more
revolving toothed or plain drums working in cases with perforated or railed
bottoms of wood iron or any other suitable material with suitable openings for
receiving and discharging the material: or we may employ any other disintegrator
or duster. From the disintegrator or duster the esparto grass, straw, rags, or
other material is discharged to a vat of iron, wood or other suitable material in
which is working one or more endless chains which carry or drag the material
through water which is introduced into the vats and discharge the material into
other vats with other chains and water until the material is freed from sand dirt
dust and foreign matter. The bottoms of the vats in which the chains work may
be perforated so as to allow the sand dirt etc. to discharge. It is preferable to have
three or more vats ranged end to end in a line and having the bottom of each vat
sloping upwards towards the vats exit end so that there is a greater depth of water
at the entrance thau at the delivery end of each vat and to have an endless chain
carrying rakes arranged to work in each vat over pullics one at the inlet the other
at the exit end and to have a perforated false bottom at the lower end of each vat
and a settling pit below this false bottom.
After being washed in the above way the conversion of the fibre into paper is
proceeded with in the ordinary way.
Figure 1 is a plan view and Figure 2 a longitudinal vertical section of apparatus
constructed as above described.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal vertical section on a larger scale of the duster at the
entrance end of the apparatus.
Figure 4 is a similar view of one of the series of troughs-and
Figure 5 is a similar view of the exit end of the apparatus.
A is a hopper into which the material to be acted upon is thrown. Ba revolving
toothed drum which takes the fibre from the hopper and passes it on to a second
similar drum B' evolving at a slower speed. C is the casing enclosing the
drums B B and formed with perforated bottom C' as shewn. The fibre passing
out from the end of the casing C falls into a vat D it is carried through this vat
and delivered into a second vat D¹ by a revolving wheel D✶ which has teeth
extending outwards from bars on its circumference as shewn. The bottom of the
vat D slopes upwards to the other end. The fibre is drawn along this sloping
bottom by rake teeth which extend from bars E' carried by endless chains E and
are by them passed on to a third vat D' of the same construction and so on to a
fourth vat D and from there to a fifth vat D' the bottom of which slopes upwards
to such an extent that water is contained in the lower end only.
The upper end is open and the fibre is finally discharged through the open end
after it has been drawn upwards along the sloping bottom and water allowed to
drain from it as it is being so carried up.
F is a perforated false bottom to the vat D and F¹ are perforated false bottoms
at the lower ends of the vats D1 D2 D3 D. Below each false bottom is a casing G
from which water can be drawn off from time to time together with any dirt
collected in them through cocks G. Hare manholes to facilitate the cleaning of the
casings G.
The endless chains E in each vat pass around two chain wheels I one at the
lower end and the other at the upper end of the vat.
KK are fixed rails for supporting the ends of the rake bars E' and preventing
the points of the rake teeth from scraping along the inclined bottoms of the vats.
All the lower rollers and the drums B B and D are driven by bevil wheel
gearing from a shaft L as shewn in the plan view. M is an inlet for water to the
vats and N an overflow outlet.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The combination of the disintegrator or duster taking fibre from a hopper and
delivering it into the first of a series of vats along which the fibre is conveyed
by rake teeth and discharged at the end of the series substantially as described.
2. The construction of each of the vats with a bottom sloping upwards to the
delivery end and with a perforated bottom at the lower end of each sloping bottom
for dirt to pass away.
3. The combination of the vats with sloping bottom and perforated gratings at
their lower end and endless chain with rake teeth standing out from them and
moving over the sloping bottom substantially as described.
4. The combination of apparatus suitable for being used for washing fibre in the
manufacture of paper substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated this First day of April 1892.
HUBT. RICHARDSON
H. GLENNY.