A NEW OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF RUNNER NOTCHES AND TOP NOTCHES FOR UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Holland, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Tool Maker, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED
MANUFACTURE OF RUNNER NOTCHES AND TOP NOTCHES FOR UMBRELLAS AND
PARASOLS."
Sealed the 31st July 1857, and dated the 5th March 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Holland at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
March 1857.
I, WILLIAM HOLLAND, of Birmingham; in the County of Warwick, Tool
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
MANUFACTURE OF RUNNER NOTCHES AND TOP NOTCHES FOR UMBRELLAS AND PARA-
SOLS," to be as follows:-
In making runner and top notches according to my Invention; I take a
circular disc of sheet iron or other metal. I raise the said disc into a cup-like
form by dies and pressure, and afterwards contract the open mouth of the
said cup by suitable pressing tools. I next place the said cup upon a mandril
in a lathe, the said mandril having near its end a groove or neck, into which
by a pressing tool applied outside I force a part of the said cup: In this way
there is formed in the runner the groove in which the wire lies, which consti-

page_text: tutes the axis of the joints. The notches are formed either by a press or by a
circular saw. When used for a runner notch, a tube or runner is soldered or
otherwise fixed to the said notch.
*SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Holland in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd September 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
HOLLAND, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Tool Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Holland, Her special licence that I, the said William Holland, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Holland, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED MANU-
FACTURE OF RUNNER NOTCHES AND TOP NOTCHES FOR UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Holland, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Holland, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
My said Invention consists of the method of manufacturing runner notches
and top notches for umbrellas and parasols, herein-after particularly described,
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing. In making the said runner

page_text: notches and top notches according to my Invention, I take a circular disc of
sheet iron or other metal represented in Figure 1 of the accompanying
Drawing. By the use of dies and pressure, I raise the said disc, Figure 1,
into a cup-like form, the said disc, Figure 1, passing through the several stages
represented in Figures 2, 3, and 4. The raising of the blank, Figure 1, into
the cup-like form, Figure 4, is effected by the method commonly practised for
raising metals, and which I do not think it necessary to describe.
I next place the cup, Figure 4, upon a mandril, Figure 5, the said mandril,
Figure 5, being placed in a lathe, and having a rotatory motion communicated
to it. A pressing tool being applied outside the cup, that portion near the
closed end is forced into the groove a, Figure 5, and the cup is made to
assume the form represented in Figure 6. The diameter of the mandril,
Figure 5, being much less than that of the cup, Figure 6, the said cup can
easily be removed from the mandril after the formation of the groove in the
said cup.
b
Although I prefer to make the groove in the cup as described, yet the said
groove may be made by other pressing machinery. The cup, Figure 6, is next
placed in a bed or die, represented in plan in Figure 7, and vertical section in
Figure 8. The said die consists essentially of two parts b, c, the part 6 being
fixed, and the part c being capable of a sliding motion by means of the arm or
lever d. The cup, Figure 6 is placed against the die 6, as represented in
Figure 8, and the die c is brought by the arm or lever d into contact with
the die b, and the cup is held by the said dies b, c, in such a manner that its
be operated upon without injury to the groove near its closed
open end may
end. The cup, Figure 6, held by the tool, Figures 7 and 8, is then operated
upon by a series of dies, Figures 9, 10, and 11, by which it is successively
brought into the forms represented in Figures 12 and 13 respectively, the
metal being annealed during the pressing process. The whole of the parts of
Figure 18, including the guard e, are thus made in one piece. The partially
formed notch is next operated upon by a pair of cutting tools, Figure 14,
whereby a hole is cut at its closed end, as represented at f, in Figure 13.
Notches are cut by circular saws, or otherwise, across the groove g, Figure 13,
and a top notch, as represented in Figure 15, is thereby produced. By
soldering a tube on the notch, Figures 13 and 15, it becomes converted either
into a top notch or a runner notch, Figure 16.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the precise details herein described and represented, as the same

page_text: may be. varied without departing from the nature of my said Invention; but
I claim as my Invention the new or improved manufacture of top-notches,
and runner notches, herein-before described, and illustrated in the accompany-
ing Drawing, that is. to say, manufacturing those parts of. runner notches and
top notches in which the wire lies which constitutes, the axis of the joints of
the said runner notches and top notches, by raising the same together with
the guard out of one piece of sheet metal by dies and pressure..
In witness' whereof, I, the said William Holland, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Second day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
WILLIAM HOLLAND. (L.s.)