IMPROVEMENTS IN MORTISING. MACHINES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Jackson, of Leeds, in the County of York,
Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MORTISING.
MACHINES."
Sealed the 12th November 1861, and dated the 15th May 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Jackson at:
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho
15th May 1861.
I, WILLIAM JACKSON, of Leeds, in the County of York, Machine Maker;-
do hereby declare the nature of the said. Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN.
MORTISING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in connecting the hand lever of a mortising machine-
with the apparatus which carries the cutting tool by means of a link, so as to
produce the vertical motion of the cutter required in. such machines. The-
spindle which carries the cutting tool passes through an upright casing or box.
which is fixed upon or connected to it. The spindle and the casing or box:
move together vertically, but an independent rotary motion on its axis can also.
be given to the spindle, by means of which the position of the cutter may be
altered when required. Into this casing or box a pin (which is connected to.
the upper part of a pendant link) enters at the side, and has a free: motion,
within it, and thus the casing or box and the pendant link aro attached: to each
other. To the lower end of the link there is fixed another pin, which enters
into and has a free motion within the hand- lever, which moves up and down
by the side of the casing or box, and actuates the machine. The hand lever
is connected to the framing of the machine, so as to form a fulcrum, and will,.
when raised or lowered, impart a vertical motion (by means of the pendant
link) to tho casing or box, and consequently to the spindle which carries the
cutting tool.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Jackson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th November 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, WILLIAM
JACKSON, of Leeds, in the County of York, Machine Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Jackson, Her special license that I, the said William
Jackson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said William Jackson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Iы-
PROVEMENTS IN MORTISING MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William Jackson, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and causo
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately. after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Jackson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
This Invention of "Improvements in Mortising Machines," consists in
connecting the hand lever of a mortising machine to the apparatus which
carries the cutting tool means of a link so as to produce the required
vertical motion of the cutter or chisel. The spindle to which the cutting tool
is fixed passes through an upright casing, or box, or cylinder fixed upon tho
spindle. These two parts move together vertically, but the spindle has an
independent axial motion so that the position of the cutter may be altered
when required. Into the casing, box, or cylinder a pin which is connected
to the upper part of a pendent link enters at the side and has a free motion
within it. At the lower end of the link is another pin which enters into and
has a free motion within the band lever. The hand lever moves vertically

page_text: .
to actuate the cutter or chisel, and is connected to the framing of the machine
by a pin or stud which acts as a fulcrum. When, therefore, the hand lever
is raised or lowered a corresponding motion is communicated by means of
the link to the casing, box, or cylinder, and consequently to the spindle which
carries the cutter. The cutting operation is therefore effected by bringing
down the chisel by means of the hand lever, and the wood under operation
may be moved forward as required by means of the toothed gearing connected
with the moveable bed on which the wood is secured..
In the accompanying Drawings, Fig. 1 is a front elevation of my improved
mortising machine; Fig. 2 a side view of the same; and Fig. 3 is a plan view.
A, A, is the framing of the machine; B, the adjustable bed for holding the
wood to be mortised; C, the binding or clamping screw for securing the wood
on the bed. The lateral and longitudinal adjustments of the bed B aro
effected in the usual manner by means of the hand wheels, screws, and toothed
gearing shewn in the Drawing; C is the spindle which carries the cutting tool
which is let into the lower end thereof. This spindle slides in adjustable
brackets D and E, which are connected together by being bolted to a vertical
rod, which ensures their simultaneous adjustment in the slot A' of the framing.
The up-and-down.movement of these brackets is effected by turning the screw
F by means of the, hand wheel at its upper end. The screw. F takes into a
tapped lug on the bracket D, and according to the direction in which the
screw is turned the brackets will be raised or depressed, and the accurate
adjustment of the parts effected as required. The spindle C passes through
the casing, box,, or cylinder G, which has a flat face, and slides against the
planed face of the upright framing, and is thereby kept in position. The casing,
box, or cylinder G is secured to the spindle.C by being confined between a
collar and bush K, so that they may move up and down together, yet at the
same time the spindle with its cutter is free to receive an independent axial
motion. A pin passes through the removable collar and bush K, and through
the spindle C✶ for the purpose of supporting the spindle in its bracket guides.
Into and through the side of the casing, box, or cylinder G a longitudinal hole
is drilled, and into this passes a pin, which is connected to the upper end of the
link II, which is shewn detached and drawn full size at Fig. 4. To the lower
end of the link, H, is another pin attached to the opposite side of the link, and
this pin is secured to the hand lever I; but both the pins are free to move within
their respective sockets. The hand lever I is fixed to the machine by being
bolted in or to a slot A2 in the framing. When, therefore, it is actuated by
being moved up or down, the link H will impart a vertical motion to the
spindle C, and consequently to the cutting tool at the lower end of the same.

page_text: The lower part of the casing, box, or cylinder G has a vertical hole drilled into
it, and into this hole a helical spring is inserted, and a loose plug also enters
below the spring. Close to the under surface of the case, box, or cylinder G,
and by which the latter is maintained in position is the bush K encircling and
fastened to the spindle and on the upper surface of the bush K, two cups or
sockets are let into it, and are inclined on one side from the bottom thereof to
the surface of the bush, and the inclines of both cups in their relative direc-
tion approach each other. When, therefore, the reversing handle K, Fig. 1;
(which is fixed to the bush K) is turned, an axial motion is given to the
spindle C*, and when the cup approaches the plug in the vertical socket the
nose of the loose plug below the helical spring enters the incline leading to the
cup; and is pressed down into it by the helical spring. When it reaches the
bottom of the cup the plug is locked and the further axial motion of the
spindle is prevented. This insures the accurate position of the cutter in the
spindle C* when its cutting edges require to be reversed to permit of the
completion of the mortising operation. When this position is required to be
reversed the bush K and spindle C are again turned, the loose plug passes
up the incline and is forced into the socket, where it remains with its nose
resting on the surface of the bush until the other cup is brought beneath the
plug when it is again locked in a similar manner as before.
Having now' described my Invention of "Improvements in Mortising
Machines;" and having explained the manner of carrying the same into effect,
I claim as the Invention. secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid the
mode herein set forth of operating the cutter or cutter spindle.
5.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Jackson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Thirteenth day of November, in the
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
year of
WILLIAM JACKSON. (L.S.)
Signed and sealed by the said William
Jackson in the presence of
J. B. WILKINSON,
No. 17, Albion Street,
Leeds..