Improvements in Apparatus for Producing and Exhibiting Colour Photographs.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 2nd June, 1899-Accepted, 15th July, 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Producing and Exhibiting Colour
Photographs.
I, WALTER WHITE, of 70, Shirland Road, Paddington, in the County
of Middlesex, Photo-engraver, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for producing and viewing
colour photographs or photographic colour-records.
In my Patent No. 8663 of 1896 I describe a camera or apparatus for use in
three-colour photography for the production simultaneously of the three nega-
tives required in this process, such apparatus being also employed as a viewing
or exhibiting instrument, conveying to the eye such colours or combinations of
colours as will reproduce the appearance in their true colours of the original
objects photograplied.
:
By the present invention hereinafter described I so construct a camera or
apparatus made in accordance with the above mentioned patent that it shall have
means of adjustment suitable for employing according to the height or direction
of the source of light and the position of the observer's eye when the apparatus
is used as a viewing instrument, the said apparatus being also easily convertible
into a camera for producing the three negatives simultaneously. When used
as a camera an improved arrangement for focussing is employed and the use
of lenses of shorter focus than it has hitherto been possible to make use of is
rendered practicable. The colour screens employed for negative making may
be employed for viewing with the aid of an additional screen to control them.
The apparatus consists of a casing or body constructed to carry three sensitive
plates or transparencies and containing two transparent mirrors at an angle of
90 degrees to each other so disposed as to reflect images upon two sensitive plates
or from two transparencies placed at the upper and lower sides of such casing,
each mirror being at an angle of 45 degrees to the focal plane or third plate or
transparency.
For the production of negatives the apparatus is fitted with a lens as for
ordinary photography. A bellows front is attached to the casing by a frame,
carrying such bellows, arranged to fit in position and held in place by turn-
buttons or other suitable means. This frame carries a pinion projecting hori-
zontally beyond the two sides of the casing. The frame at the opposite or front
end of bellows carries at each side a length of rack which rests upon and is
worked by the pinion affixed to the back frame. The rack moves under a guide
or between two guides affixed to each side of the casing. A piece of single or
double angle metal forms a suitable guide.
In the opening of the front frame of bellows is inserted a box or chamber
preferably constructed of thin metal and open at the front. This occupies the
space in the interior of the bellows and carries at the back the lens that is to be
emploved.

page_text: The transparent mirrors contained in the body of the apparatus may be of
yellow and orange or red glass. The first mirror or that nearest the lens may
be of yellow glass and reflects an image downwards upon a sensitive plate at the
bottom of the casing. The second mirror may be of orange or red glass and
reflects an image -upwards upon a second sensitive plate at the top of the casing.
The third sensitive plate at the back or end of the apparatus as in ordinary
photography receives an image direct from the lens, the light passing through
the two mirrors. Colour screens are used in front of some or all of the sensitive
plates, their colour being such that the negatives obtained upon the three plates
represent the three primary colours or colour sensations, and that the coloured
light passing through them when the apparatus is used as a viewing instrument
reproduces in each case one of the three primary colours. To secure this result
additional colour screens may be used in negative making or viewing, to ensure
the correct photography of the colours, to equalise the exposure of the three
plates or to absorb such colours as may require eliminating for viewing purposes.
I preferably fix screens suitable for negative making in the apparatus and
control their colour for viewing purposes by a screen at or near the eyepiece,
this being of such a colour as will absorb wholly or in part such colours as may
be incorrect or of too great brilliancy.
The casing or body is hinged preferably at the front lower edge, that is the
lower edge of the end to which the lens or eyepiece is attached, to a base so as
to be moveable upon a horizontal axis, a slotted strut or arms pivotted to the
base serving in connection with a set screw on the body to adjust the latter to any
required angle. When the apparatus is used as a viewing instrument with
three transparencies the bellows front, carrying the lens rack and pinion, is
removed and a silvered mirror at an angle of 45 degrees reflecting the image
upwards at an angle of 90 degrees is substituted, a magnifying eyepiece being
affixed. To the upper side of the casing is attached a reflector
and to the lower side of the casing or to the upper part of the
base another reflector each moveable upon a horizontal axis. The body
of the apparatus is then pointed upwards towards a bright sky or other suitable
source of light. The mirrors at the upper and lower sides of casing are adjustable
by means of a slotted strut and set screw in each case so as to properly illuminate
the upper and lower transparencies. These mirrors are removable when the
apparatus is used as a camera. The base of the apparatus is made in two parts
the upper part being hinged or attached to the lower so as to be moveable upon
a horizontal axis at the back end of the base that is the end furthest from the
observer when viewing. A slotted strut and set screw enable this to be adjusted
at any required angle either for raising the apparatus or for adjusting its position
in regard to the source of light.
The apparatus may be either single or stereoscopic. In the latter case two
lenses are preferably employed for negative making and stereoscopic lenses for
viewing the apparatus being made of such width as will allow of the use of
plates to give the required pairs of negatives and of transparencies consisting of
stereoscopic pairs of images.
Improvements in Apparatus for Producing and Exhibiting Colour
Photographs.
I, WALTER WHITE, of 70, Shirland Road, Paddington, in the County
of Middlesex, Photo-engraver, do hereby declare the nature of this invention

page_text: and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for producing and viewing
colour photographs or photographic colour records.
In my Patent No. 8663 of 1896 I describe a camera or apparatus for use in
three-colour photography for the production simultaneously of the three nega-
tives required in this process, such apparatus being also employed as a viewing
or exhibiting instrument, conveying to the eye such colours or combinations of
colours as will reproduce the appearance in their true colours of the original
objects photographed.
By the present invention hereinafter described I so construct a camera or
apparatus made in accordance with the above mentioned patent that it shall have
means of adjustment suitable for employing according to the height or direction
of the source of light and the position of the observer's eye when the apparatus
is used as a viewing instrument, the said apparatus being also easily convertible
into a camera for producing the three negatives simultaneously. When used
as a camera an improved arrangement for focussing is employed and the use
of lenses of shorter focus than it has hitherto been possible to make use of is
rendered practicable. The colour screens employed for negative making may
be employed for viewing with the aid of an additional screen to control them.
In the accompanying drawings;
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of the apparatus arranged for use as a camera.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the same.
Fig. 3 is an elevation of the apparatus arranged for use as a viewing instrument.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the same.
The apparatus consists of a casing or body A constructed to carry three sensi-
tive plates or transparencies and containing two transparent mirrors B and C
at an angle of 90 degrees to each other so disposed as to reflect images upon two
sensitive plates or from two transparencies placed at the upper and lower sides
of such casing, each mirror being at an angle of 45 degrees to the focal plane or
third plate or transparency.
For the production of negatives the apparatus is fitted with a lens D) as for
ordinary photography. A bellows front E is attached to the casing by a frame. F',
carrying such bellows, arranged to fit in position and held in place by turn-
buttons or other suitable means. This frame carries a pinion G projecting
horizontally beyond the two sides of the casing. The frame H at the opposite or
front end of bellows carries at each side a length of rack J which rests upon and
is worked by the pinion affixed to the back frame. The rack moves under a
guide K or between two guides affixed to each side of the casing. A piece of
single or double angle metal forms a suitable guide.
In the opening of the front frame of bellows is inserted a box or chamber L
preferably constructed of thin metal and open at the front. This occupies the
space in the interior of the bellows and carries at the back the lens that is to be
employed.
The transparent mirrors contained in the body of the apparatus may be of
yellow and orange or red glass. The first mirror B or that nearest the lens may
be of yellow glass and reflects an image downwards upon a sensitive plate at the
bottom of the casing. The second mirror C may be of orange or red. glass and
reflects an image upwards upon a second sensitive plate at the top of the casing.
The third sensitive plate at the back or end of the apparatus as in ordinary
photography receives an image direct from the lens, the light passing through
the two mirrors. Colour screens are used in front of some or all the sensitive
plates, their colour being such that the negatives obtained upon the three plates
represent the three primary colours or colour sensations and that the coloured
light passing through them when the apparatus is used as a viewing instrument
reproduces in each case one of the three primary colours. To secure this result

page_text: additional colour screens may be used in negative making or viewing. to ensure
the correct photography of the colours, to equalise the exposure of the three
plates or to absorb such colours as may require eliminating for viewing purposes.
I. preferably fix screens suitable for negative making in the apparatus and
control their colour for viewing purposes by a screen at or near the eyepiece,
this being of such a colour as will absorb wholly or in part such colours as may
be incorrect or of too great brilliancy.
The casing or body is hinged preferably at the front lower edge, that is the
lower edge of the end to which the lens or eyepiece is attached, to a base so as
to be moveable upon a horizontal axis, a slotted strut or arm a pivotted to the
base serving in connection with a set screw on the body to adjust the latter to any
required angle. When the apparatus is used as a viewing instrument with three
transparencies the bellows front, carrying the lens rack and pinion, is removed
and a silvered mirror at an angle of 45 degrees reflecting the image upwards
at an angle of 90 degrees is substituted a magnifying eyepiece being affixed, M.
To the upper side of the casing is attached a reflector band to the lower side of
the casing or to the upper part of the base another reflector & each moveable
upon a horizontal axis. The body of the apparatus is then pointed upwards to-
wards a bright sky or other suitable source of light. The mirrors at the upper
and lower sides of casing are adjustable by means of a slotted strut and set
screw in each case, d and e, so as. to properly illuminate the upper and lower
transparencies. These mirrors are removable when the apparatus is used as a
camera. The base of the apparatus is made in two parts the upper part f being
hinged or attached to the lower g so as to be moveable upon a horizontal axis
at the back end of the base that is the end furthest from the observer when
viewing. A slotted strut and set screw h enable this to be adjusted at any required
angle either for raising the apparatus or for adjusting its position in regard to
the source of light.
The apparatus may be either single or stereoscopic. In the latter case two
lenses are preferably employed for negative making and stereoscopic lenses for
viewing the apparatus being made of such width as will allow of the use of
plates to give the required pairs of negatives and of transparencies consisting of
stereoscopic pairs of images.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. A three-colour camera or viewing apparatus mounted upon an adjustable
base, the body of such apparatus being adjustable in relation to the base and
the upper and lower mirrors adjustable separately and removable substantially
as hereinbefore specified.
2. In conjunction with a three-colour camera or viewing apparatus an adjust-
able base upon which the body of the apparatus is adjustable and upper and
lower mirrors adjustable separately and removable.
3. In a three-colour camera a detachable bellows front carrying racks and
pinion.
4. In a three-colour camera a chamber recessed into the bellows front carrying
the lens or lenses inside the bellows.
Dated 21 1000
WALTER WHITE,
70, Shirland Road, Paddington, W., Applicant.