IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM OR OTHER MOTIVE-POWER ENGINES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Drury, of Elland, near Halifax, in the County
of York, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM OR
OTHER MOTIVE-POWER ENGINES."
Scaled the 28th April 1865, and dated the 2nd November 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Drury at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd November 1864.
I, JOHN DRURY, of Elland, near Halifax, in the County of York, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM OR OTHER MOTIVE-POWER ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the pistons and air pumps of steam or other
engines, and the improvements consist in a peculiar form or construction and
application thereto of metallic packing, capable of receiving and retaining oil
or other lubricant for distribution thereby on the innor surface of the cylinder
or pump barrel. This packing is formed or constructed in one ring of suffi-
cient breadth to fill betwixt the top and bottom flanges of the piston or pump
bucket, and cut at one part to allow expansion in the usual manner, each sido
of the cutting being provided with a block or break joint piece. This ring
is grooved or recessed in its external surface nearly the whole extent of its
circumference, so as to form a reservoir or receptacle for oil or other lubricant,
which is supplied by a pipe or pipes attached thereto, and extending suffi-
ciently above to pass through an opening or openings in the cylinder cover

page_text: when the piston or bucket is raised to the top, the tubes and openings being
provided with steam-tight covers. Or the lubricant may be supplied through
a hole bored longitudinally in the piston or pump rod, and connected by a
pipe or pipes to the recess in the packing ring. By this means the lubricant
may be applied to the inner surface of the cylinder without being brought b
into direct contact with the steam or other motive power element, and thereby
prevents undue waste of the lubricant.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Drury in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd May 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
DRURY, of Elland, near Halifax, in the County of York, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day. of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Drury, Her special licence that I, the said John Drury, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Drury, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM OR
OTHER MOTIVE-POWER ENGINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said John Drury, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should parti-
cularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Drury, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, and accompanying Sheet of Drawings (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to the pistons and air pumps of steam or .other

page_text: engines, and the improvements consist in a peculiar form or construction and
application thereto of metallic packing, capable of receiving and retaining oil
or other lubricant for distribution thereby on the inner surface of the cylinder
or pump barrel. This packing is formed or constructed in one ring of suffi-
cient breadth to fill betwixt the top and bottom flanges of the piston or pump
bucket cut at one part to allow expansion in the usual manner, each side of
the cutting being provided with a block or break-joint piece. This ring is
grooved or recessed in its external surface, nearly the whole extent of its
circumference so as to form a reservoir or receptacle for oil or other lubricant;
which is supplied by a pipe or pipes attached thereto, and extending suffi-
ciently above to pass through an opening or openings in the cylinder cover
when the piston or bucket is raised to the top, the tubes and openings being
provided with steam-tight covers. Or the lubricant may be supplied through
a hole bored longitudinally in the piston or pump rod, and connected by a'
pipe or pipes to the recess in the packing ring. By this means the lubricant
may be applied to the inner surface of the cylinder without being brought
into direct contact with the steam or other motive power element, and thereby
prevent undue waste of the lubricant.
These improvements will be readily understood by reference to the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a steam engine, cylinder, and piston with
provisions for supplying oil or other lubricant thereto, constructed and
arranged according to this Invention; Fig. 2 is a side view of the piston;
and Fig. 3, a plan of the same, with the cover removed; Fig. 4 is part of a
section of the piston on a larger scale, shewing more clearly the manner of
constructing the same, and applying the pipes for supplying the oil or
lubricant.
The packing A is in one ring, cut at one place to allow expansion, the
joints being protected by two blocks or plates B. Two grooves C are turned
or formed in the external surface of the ring, which may communicate with
each other by cross grooves. D are pipes fixed in the ring communicating with
the upper groove and extending through the piston cover upwards sufficiently
to pass through openings in the cylinder cover when the piston is at the top.
Steam-tight caps
E are screwed on these pipes to prevent steam entering the
tubes, and the openings in the cylinder cover are enclosed by steam-tight
covers F. When a supply of oil or other lubricant is required, it is only
necessary to stop the engine when the piston is at the top of the cylinder,
take off the covers F and the caps E, pour the oil or lubricant into the tubes
or pipes D until they are full, then replace the caps and covers.

page_text: Fig. 5 is a vertical section of a cylinder with pistón and rod, shewing the
method of supplying oil or other lubricant through the piston rod to the
surface of the cylinder. G'is an ordinary grease cup, attached by a pipe to-
the piston rod H, which has a hole bored longitudinally through it, and
plugged up at each end; I is a pipe fixed into the rod, and connected by coupling
joint to another pipe J, which is screwed into the packing ring K, thereby
forming a passage from the grease cup to the groove in the ring. It will bo
seen
that this method of lubricating is equally applicable to air pump buckets,
to piston valves, and other slide valves having metallic packings.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and shewn by the
accompanying Drawings the manner in which it is or may be performed or
carried into practical effect, I would have it fully understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details as herein set forth; but what I claim as
of my Invention is, the constructing of metallic packings for pistons and
pump buckets with a groove or grooves therein for the reception of oil or
other lubricant, and the means or methods of supplying oil or other lubricant
to such or similar parts of steam or other motive-power engines, substantially
as herein explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Drury, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this First day of May, One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-five.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named John Drury, in the
presence of
W*. TASKER,
JOHN DRURY. (L.S.)
Patent Agent,
Halifax.