IMPROVE MENTS POR THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE IN MOVEABLE FURNACES OR CHAUFFERS FOR HEATING BAKERS AND OTHER LIKE OVENS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Vicars, senior, Thomas Vicars, junior, and
Thomas Ashmore, Engineers, and James Smith, Baker, all of Liverpool,
in the County Palatine of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVE
MENTS POR THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE IN MOVEABLE FURNACES OR CHAUFFERS
FOR HEATING BAKERS AND OTHER LIKE OVENS,"
Sealed the 11th February 1859, and dated the 18th September 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Vicars, senior,
Thomas Vicars, junior, Thomas Ashmore, and James Smith at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
September 1858.
We, THOMAS VICARS, senior, THOMAS VICARS, junior, and THOMAS ASHMORE,
Engineers, and JAMES SMITH, Baker, all of Liverpool, in the County Palatine
of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM.
PROVEMENTS FOR THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE IN MOVEABLE FURNACES OR CHAUFFERS
POR HEATING BAKERS AND OTHER LIKE OVENS," to be as follows:-
The box or.ash-pit of the chauffer of our Invention is surrounded by air
passages, which supply air that passes between a shell or box that surrounds
the chauffer or fire-box; this outer shell is about half the height of the
chauffér.
The air ascends along the outer sides of the chauffer and mingles at the top
with the gases from the fire, and thus prevents smoke. In the chauffer end
[Price 8d.]

page_text: of the pipe that supplies air to the furnace there is a hanging damper opened
by a rod within the pipe, extending its entire length to the outer end, and
enables the baker to regulate the air admission without interfering with the
supply to the ash-pit. The chauffer may work on small wheels in the air
massages to facilitate its movement to vario
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Vicars, senior, Thomas Vicars, junior, Thomas
Ashmore, and James Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
16th March 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
VICARS, senior, THOMAS VICARS, junior, and THOMAS ASIMORE, Engineers;
and JAMES SMITH, Baker; all of Liverpool, in the County Palatine of Lancaster,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Thomas Vicars, senior, Thomas Vicars, junior, Thomas Ashmore, and
James Smith, Her special licence that we, the said Thomas Vicars, senior,
Thomas Vicars, junior, Thomas Ashmore, & James Smith, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Thomas Vicars
senior, Thomas Vicars, junior, Thomas Ashmore, & James Smith, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS FOR THE CONSUMPTION OF
SMOKE IN MOVEABLE FURNACES OR CHAUFFERS FOR HEATING BAKERS AND OTHER
LIKE OVENS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Thomas
Vicars, senior, Thomas Vicars, junior, Thomas Ashmore, & James Smith, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Vicars, senior, Thomas Vicars,
junior, Thomas Ashmore, & James Smith, do hereby declare the nature of
our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our said improvements refer mainly to certain peculiaritiesinthemechanical
construction of the description of moveable furnaces called " chauffers," which
are principally used for the heating of bakers' and other like ovens, but havo
the objectionable property of making smoke when bituminous fuel is used for
consumption therein, which by means of our said Invention we prevent; and
for the better understanding of the same we will now proceed to detail the
particulars thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
in which the same letters indicate like parts throughout.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section; Figure 2 is a transverse section
through the line a, b; and Figure 3 is a plan. A is the chauffer or receptacle
for the fire, having an external shell or box c; B, the ash-place; C, the air-
chamber of our introduction, affording air passages, extending half-way or
thereabouts up the sides of the fire-box, regulated by the valve D; E, valvo
rods, with F, forked rods to work the same; d, d, d, being air passages, and
Gis the usual chauffer pipe, which protruding out of the oven door is also
used for moving the chauffer about on its wheels H, H, to heat the oven
cquably.
It will thus be observed that the improved chauffers of our Invention have
the box or ash-pit surrounded by the air passages d, d, d, which supply air
that passes between a shell or box c, thai surrounds the chauffer or fire-box,
and is situated at or about half the height of the same. The air ascending
along the outer sides of the chauffer, mingles at the top of it with the gases
eliminated by the fuel during combustion,and bysuch supplyand distribution of
the air prevents the formation of smoke. In the chauffer end of the pipe that
supplies air to the furnace there is a hanging damper or valve D, opened by
a rod within the pipe G, extending its entire length to the outer end to enable
the workman to regulate the admission of air without interfering with the
supply to the ash-pit. The chauffer may be worked on small wheels Hin
the air passages to facilitate its movement to various parts of the oven.
Having thus fully described our said Invention, we desire it to be under-
stood that we do not restrict ourselves to any precise dimensions or materials;
but what we do claim as our Invention is, the application of side air passages
with valves arranged to afford a regulated supply of air to chauffers and like

page_text: moveable furnaces used for heating ovens, to consume or prevent the smoke
usually occasioned by the use of bituminous fuel, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Vicars, junior, on behalf of
myself and the said Thomas Vicars, senior, Thomas Ashmore, and
James Smith, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Nineth day of
March, in the year of our Lord 1859.
THOMAS VICARS, JUN. (L.S.)