Improvements in Brushes and Brooms.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 27th May, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 27th Feb., 1899-Accepted, 27th May, 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brushes and Brooms.
GEORGE RUSSON, Brush Maker, 48, Birchills Street, Walsall, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I form in malleable cast iron or steel a socket, shaped either as a compleate
cylender or by four lateral and parallel bars which are joined together at the
bottun. On the outer sides of the socket are teeth or scrations which fix it into
the receptical of broom head. On the inner side of the socket are spikes or sharpe
projections one at bottum to fix into the end of stail those on the bars to close
into stail so firmly fixing it in to the broom head, by driving it in.
I also form sectional parts of the socket or socket with a spike at bottum or a
screw thread and so turned into the broom head the outher projections or serations
on socket so cut into brush or broom by turning.
I also form a sylendrical socket with part sloted, in which is a moveable blade which
projects which is operated by a coil spring in the cylender or narrow part of socket
on either side of it are small projections this is inserted into a suitable shaped plate
which is fixed over the receptical of broom. The handle can be reversed by raising
the blade.
For brushes requiring their handles to be parrellel to the brush I use a sheeth
or socket part flat instead of sylendrical and with the blade inged in the center and
a flat spring instead of a coil the handle is fixed on the end of blade and operates
the spring by pulling the handle and so reversing.
I also form a split socket with two ears on the under side and cup on face side
with a hole through this I fix in the ordanary hole in brush or sectional part of
brush in which I draw the knots or brush material in the ordanary way the ears
projecting through the back of brush. The back of brush and handle are formed
and pierced to receive the ears which are then clenched down so fixing all the
parts together.
Dated this day of our Lord December 16th 1898.
GEORGE RUSSON,
48, Birchills Street, Walsall.
Improvements in Drusts and
I, GEORGE RUSSON, 48, Birchills Street, Walsall, Brush Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement: —
The nature of the improvements will be understood in, and by the following
description of, and by reference to the drawings annexed.

page_text: The method I propose to employ is to attach pieces, formed of malleable iron,
cast iron, or other metal, to the stail or handle or parts of a brush: such pieces to
be made, formed, or constructed as described or illustrated.
Figure 1 shews a piece having a horizontal bar A, and two projecting or lateral
bars B, B. These projecting or lateral bars are toothed or serrated on the outer
edges as at CC. The extremities of the projecting or lateral bars B, B are
formed with bent spikes D, D. Also a spike E projects from the horizontal bar A.
When in use the spike E is driven into the end of the stail, and the two lateral
bars are closed against the sides of the stail, thus causing the two spikes D, D, to
penetrate into the stail, as shewn in Figure 2. The piece which is now fixed to the
end of the stail is driven into the receptacle of the broom. The teeth or
serrations C, C, may be made to alternate with each-other, so as to enable the
piece to be screwed into the receptacle of the broom. Figure 10 shews the
end of the stail fixed into the receptacle or hole in the broom.
Figure 3 is a modification of Figure 1. A is the horizontal bar, B is a lateral
bar, are the teeth or serrations I shew the extremity of the lateral bar which in
this instance is elongated as well as being provided with the spike described in
Figure 1. This piece is attached to the stail in a similar manner to that described
in Figure 1 and driven into the receptacle of the broom.
In Fig. 4 the part A. A, is round the section A, A, is flattened down on both
sides on the edges of the section are serrations or small cutters constructed
alternatley with each other the section A, A, has a deep slot or a square hole in S
and as shewn in Fig. 4 & 5.
Fig. 6 shews a bar with points; CC bar D1) points and a projecting arm E.
The arm E is inserted in the square hole or clenched in is shewn in position in
Fig. 7. The deep slot may have any thing inserted that will serve as a handle or
leaver that will enable the peice to be screwed into the ordanary nail hole in broom
the serrations or cutter teeth worm in the same as a screw and so fix the stail in
the receptical of broom the point D 1 is then driven into the side of stail out side of
the recepticle of broom and acts as a wedge or support to the stail and in case of
the stai slackning in the broom a slite tap will retighten it.
Fig. 8 shews another method of securing a stail into a broom, A A is a piece
having the extremity B formed as a spike or ferrule to attach the stail the lower
extremity of the peice has teeth or serrations constructed on each side of the peice
the lower portion of A A is split or divided as more particularly shewn in Fig. 9.
DD is a wedge shaped bar having the point F turned down thus turned into a
spike this bar is inserted into and partially used as a wedge in the split A the
spike into the broom head is driven into the receptical of broom by striking
the point E the peice is prevented from going to far into the receptical by the
projection G the wedge shaped bar 1) 1) thus placed causes the lower end of the peice
to spread out inside of the hole in broom thus forcing the teeth C C into the
wood this peice can be used in a vertical hole and taken out and reversed. Fig. 11
shews a peice affixed to a broom with stail in position.
Having now. particularly described and assertained the nature of my
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare what
I claim is:-
1st. A mode of fixing stails in brooms by the arrangements of spikes or serra-
tions described and as ilustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10.
2nd. The mode of reversing handles described and ilustrated in Figures 8, 9, 11.
Dated this day May 25th 1899