Improvements in Apparatus for Drawing Off or Pumping Known Quantities of Liquids.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th May, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 8th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 4th May, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Drawing Off or Pumping Known
Quantities of Liquids.
We, FRANCIS HENRY NALDER, CHARLES WILLIAM SCOTT CRAWLEY and
ALFRED SOAMES, all of 16 Red Lion Street, Clerkenwell in the County of
Middlesex, Electrical Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
In instruments for the purpose of drawing off known quantities of liquid, and
similar purposes it is often desirable to have two motions independent of each
other, e.g., one for drawing the liquid for the supply and the other for actuating
the tap or valve gear.
This we do by means of a rod or shaft rotated by a handle or other meaus, and
which rotation acts by a rack or other equivalent means on a vessel whose capacity
is thereby varied.
At any period of its rotation or at any previously fixed period or periods, the said
shaft can be given a movement of translation, e.g. either pushed in or pulled out,
and by such movement of translation the cocks or valves of the apparatus reversed,
or otherwise acted upon as desired.
By reversing the rotation the liquid is then drawn off.
We may alternatively use the motion of translation for altering the capacity of
the vessel, and that of rotation for actuating the cock or valves.
If it is desired to obtain a record of the amount drawn, we cause the motion
which actuates the taps or valves in one or the other direction to throw a counter
in or out of gear with the movement actuating the piston or otherwise affecting the
vessel of variable capacity and thereby obtain a record proportional to the amount
drawn.
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FRAS. H. NALDER.
C. W. S. CRAWLEY.
ALFRED SOAMES.
Improvements in Apparatus for Drawing Off or Pumping Known
Quantities of Liquids.
We, FRANCIS HENRY NALDER, CHARLES WILLIAM SCOTT CRAWLEY, and
ALFRED SOAMES, all of 16 Red Lion Street, Clerkenwell, in the County of
Middlesex, Electrical Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In apparatus for drawing off or pumping known quantities of liquid we provide a
rod or shaft furnished with a handle by which it can be turned and this shaft is
geared by a tooth wheel and rack or by equivalent means with a piston working in
a cylinder. The cylinder is connected with the cask or vessel from which the
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together with the spur wheel and the ratchet wheel p is upon a sleeve which is
loose on the shaft a but is prevented from moving away from the bearing 62 by a
lug g fixed near to the bearing and overlapping the edge of the ratchet wheel p.
is a pawl engaged with the ratchet teeth; in the position shown it allows the
shaft a to be turned so as to expel liquid from the cylinder d until the piston reaches
the bottom of the cylinder but it prevents movement in the contrary direction. The
spur wheel o gears with a train of counting wheels like the counter of a gas meter
registering the quantity of liquid drawn out.
The apparatus is used as follows:-
Suppose the piston to be at the bottom of the cylinder; then by pushing the
shaft a inwards it is disengaged from the ratchet and the counter; the pin m leaving
the hole in the disc n. Then the handle a' is turned until the index s comes to one
or other of the marks on the graduated plate or dial t. The desired quantity of
liquid will then have entered the measuring cylinder through the pipe g, the thrust
on the shaft a having suitably arranged the cock . Then in order to deliver the
quantity so measured the shaft is drawn outwards or permitted to move outwards
by the operation of the spring 1; by this movement the cock is adjusted for the
delivery of the liquid and the delivery is effected by turning the shaft in the only
direction in which it is free to move namely so as to expel the liquid from the
cylinder and cause it to issue by the spout i.
There is a receiver or head in
connection with the spout simply to prevent the liquid from issuing with violence.
The dials of the counter can be inspected at any time by lifting the shutter u.
In Figures 3 and 4, A is the shaft and A' is the handle by which it is turned
and moved longitudinally. B is the measuring cylinder and C the piston which
when moved longitudinally in the cylinder by means of the shaft A draws liquid into
the cylinder and expels it from the same. D is the three way cock. E the inlet
passage leading from the supply cock or vessel through the cock into the measuring
cylinder. F is the spout and outlet also connected through the three way cock
with the measuring cylinder. The outlet passage is made of large dimensions so
that the liquid may flow gently from the spout. G is a toothed arc mounted on
the end or cover of the cylinder and co connected with it that it can turn freely
with the shaft A which passes through it. There is a groove A2 in the shaft which
a corresponding feather on the toothed arc enters. The toothed arc G gears with
and drives a similar toothed arc H fixed on an axis I to which the plug of the
three way cock D is fixed. The shaft A has notches or teeth A³ formed in it and
there are two pawls K and L to gear with these teeth. When the pawl K is
engaged the shaft A together with the piston C can be thrust inwards but cannot
be drawn outwards whilst when the pawl L is engaged with the teeth the shaft
can be drawn out but cannot be thrust in. A is a pin fixed in the shaft A and in
front of this pia a rectangular block M is fixed. The block is notched
at M1 M2 M3 M4 and M. The shaft A can be turned one quarter round when
the pin A is opposite either of these notches for the pin then can pass through the
notch but in other positions the pin A* lies against one or other of the faces of the
block M and is held to the same by a guard strip M* and the shaft then cannot
turn. N¹ N N³ are finger keys which act upon corresponding stop pins 0¹0² 0³
to project them forward so that when the shaft A is drawn outwards the pin A*
may come against one or other of these stops and be stopped thereby. The shaft A
has also upon it other pins A' A³ which act as a rack and in one position of the
shaft they engage with the teeth of a star wheel P and fast with this star wheel is
another toothed wheel which drives a counter of the ordinary construction.
action of the apparatus is as follows:-The parts being in the position in which
they are shewn by the drawing it is necessary in order to draw a measured quantity
of liquid to turn the shaft A which in this position can be done the pin A being
opposite to the notch M'. This motion of the shaft turns the axis I and arranges
the cock D to let liquid into the cylinder through the pipe E.
The same
movement also frees the pawl K from the teeth A³ the teeth at the same time
passing into gear with the other pawl L. If it be desired that the measuring
The

page_text: cylinder should be entirely filled with liquid it is not necessary to depress either of
the finger keys N N N³ but if a smaller quantity be needed then one or other of
these keys is made use of and the shaft is drawn outwards until the pin A* upon it
has come up to the stop 01 02 or 0³ as the case may be. In this movement of
the shaft the counter will be operated upon for the same partial rotation of the
shaft which moved the plug of the cock brought the pin A upon the shaft into
engagement with the teeth of the star wheel P so that the end way movement of
the shaft has caused the wheel to turn and the counter to record the movement.
The measured quantity of liquid now being in the cylinder D the shaft A is again
turned but in a contrary direction and the pin A4 passes through one of the
notches M2 M3 M or M. This rotation of the shaft puts out of gear the pawl L
and puts into gear the counting apparatus and brings the teeth A³ into position to
engage the pawl K; it also sets the three way cock D to such a position that the
contents of the cylinder B can be discharged into the outlet F and this is then
done by thrusting in the shaft and driving the piston home to the bottom of the
cylinder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. Apparatus such as is represented by Figures 1 and 2 in which the endwise
movement of a shaft adjusts a three way cock or its equivalent to admit liquid to a
measuring cylinder or vessel and to draw it off therefrom and in which the rotation
of the shaft by the movement of a piston or equivalent instrument adjusts the
capacity of the vessel, draws in the liquid, expels it from the measuring vessel, and
discharges it at the outlet.
2. Apparatus in accordance with the preceding claim and having combined
therewith a counter and mechanism such that the longitudinal motion of the shaft
puts the counter in and out of gear and such that when the counter is in gear the
shaft is free only to turn in one direction.
3. Apparatus such as is represented by Figures 3 and 4 in which there is a
measuring cylinder or vessel and a piston or equivalent instrument moveable therein
to adjust the capacity of the vessel and a three way cock or its equivalent on the
outside of the measuring vessel to admit liquid thereto and to draw it off therefrom
and in which such cock is connected by toothed ares or in other equivalent manner
with a shaft which serves also as the piston rod and when moved longitudinally
carries the piston with it and when rotated turns the toothed arcs and thereby
adjusts the position of the cock.
4. Apparatus substantially as described in which the position of the cock is
controlled by the rotation of the shaft, and combined therewith a counter driven by
means of a star wheel and pins upon the shaft which pins by the rotation of the
shaft are put into and out of gear with the star wheel.
5. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 3 in which pawls are provided acting in
connection with teeth upon the shaft to control its movements substantially as
described.
Dated this Seventh day of February 1895.
FRAS. H. NALDER.
C. W. S. CRAWLEY.
ALFRED SOAMES.