Improvements in Apparatus or Presses Used in the Manufacture of Black Lead or other Material for Forming it into Blocks.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 20th Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 27th Jan., 1888
Improvements in Apparatus or Presses Used in the Manufacture
of Black Lead or other Material for Forming it into Blocks.
I ROBERT Moss COLLINGHAM of Green Lane Hull in the county of York Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to construct a press for black lead and other material
in which the top bottom and sides of the block formed will before being ejected be
burnished or polished.
To the rods of the top or bottom plungers of the press or to both are attached a
gear consisting of levers or spur wheels. This gearing is connected to a moving part
of the machine by train of wheels or connecting rod and gives to the plungers at each
stroke a twisting or angular motion. This may be adjusted to take place at any part
of the stroke or after the longitudinal movement has ceased but I prefer to give the
plungers the second movement whilst the blocks are under pressure. The die plate is
fitted with movable cover or top with or without hinges which carry plates or blocks.
These enter the dies at the top and partially compress the material down into them
retaining it some distance from the top while the main pressure is applied. When
sufficiently compressed the block is ejected from the die by the movement of the
plunger. The angular movement of the plungers acting on the top and bottom
surfaces of the block and the longitudinal movement of the block whilst being ejected
from the die produce a polished or burnished surface.
The invention is chiefly designed for use in the manufacture of cylindrical blocks
of black lead but may be used in connection with other material when required and
may be applied to hydraulic hand or other presses.
Dated this 26th day of March 1887.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus or Presses Used in the Manufacture
of Black-lead or other Material for Forming it into Blocks.
I ROBERT MOSS COLLINGHAM, of Green Lane, Hull, in the County of York,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
-
The object of this invention is to construct a press for black lead and other material
in which the top bottom and sides of the block formed will before being ejected be
burnished or polished.
In other respects the press may be of ordinary construction and actuated either by
hand or by power.
The drawings annexed show a simple hydraulic machine with single plungers known
as the Victoria, fitted according to my invention.
Fig is a front elevation.
Fig. 2 a side elevation.
Fig. 3 sectional elevation enlarged showing plungers.
C
In these A, A', are the top and bottom plates of the press. B, the connecting or
supporting pillars. O, the hydraulic ram. D, the frame which carries or supports
the compressing plungers c. E, a plate forming with the frame D a socket for the
bottom end of the plungers c. F, are journals which support the shaft G, is the
die plate or mould. H, the receiver or chamber for containing the black lead or other
material to be compressed; it is fitted with runners which rest upon the rails I.
The receiver H is inclined at top and fits under the inclined plane K and through it
the resistance to the thrust of the plunger is borne by the top plate A. To each of
the plungers or plunger rods c is connected a lever a by means of which each can be
moved about its axis. These levers pass out to the side of the machine and their
ends rest in a slide formed by the guide bars d. The several levers a are at their
outer ends all connected to the connecting bars e. The bars e are formed with or
carry a rack el at one end which gears or meshes with the pinion b. A pinion is
carried at each end of the shaft f so that the two sets of plungers c may be moved
synchronously. A partial rotation is given to the shaft by the handle or lever g.
The rotary motion of the shaft imparts through the pinion and rack e¹ a rectilinear
movement to the connecting bar e and a radial movement to the levers a which
imparts a rotary movement to the plungers c. In order to allow of the free rotary or
angular movement of the plungers ce they are connected to the frame D by a sort of
universal joint formed of the ball-faced surfaces held in contact by the plate E.
Instead of the levers a and e pinions or bevel wheels or other mechanical arrange-
ment may be employed to convey the rotary motion to the plungers c, and instead of
being actuated by a hand lever the movement may be made to work automatically
by the movement of the machine itself.

page_text: Where the hand lever is used it may be actuated at any part of the stroke of the
plunger or when automatic it may be adjusted for the movement to take place at any
part of the stroke or after the longitudinal movement has ceased but I prefer to give
the plunger the second movement whilst the blocks are under pressure.
The die plate G is fitted with a movable cover or top L hinged at with a lever M
and counterbalance weight m. The cover or top L carries blocks which enter the dies
at the top and partially compress the material down into them retaining it some
distance from the top while the main pressure is applied. When sufficiently com-
pressed the blocks are ejected from the dies by the movement of the plungers.
The angular movement of the plungers acting on the top and bottom surfaces of
the blocks and the longitudinal movement of the blocks whilst being ejected from the
dies or moulds produce a burnished or polished surface.
It will be evident that in machines worked from above or in which both top and
bottom plungers are used the same rotary or angular motion may be imparted to the
top plungers or to both top and bottom plungers irrespective of whether the machines
he hydraulic or simply moved by hand or power.
The apparatus herein described and shown is designed for use in the manufacture
of cylindrical blocks of black lead but the invention may be used in connection with
other material when required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what
I claim is
1. A press or apparatus for compressing black lead or other material to form the
same into blocks having a rotary or angular movement applied to the plungers top or
bottom or both for the purpose of burnishing or polishing the surface of the material
in contact therewith.
2. A press or apparatus used in the manufacture of black lead or other material
for forming same into blocks having in combination with the plungers,-levers,
gearing or their mechanical equivalent to impart a rotary or angular movement thereto
substantially as and for the purpose described.
3. A press for compressing .black lead or other material having a hinged or movable
plate placed against the die plate with blocks to enter the dies and cause the blocks to
be compressed a certain distance from the mouth of the die substantially as and for
the purpose described.
4. An apparatus for compressing black lead and other materials having compressing
plungers so mounted on a vertically reciprocating frame or plunger head as to be
capable of receiving a rotary or angular movement, levers, gearing or other mechanism
for imparting such movement to the plungers and a plate or block for pressing back
the material from the mouth of the die substantially as and for the purpose described
and shown.
Dated this 13th day of Docambar 1987