IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PURIFICATION OF GAS AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A FERTILIZING COMPOUND AS A RESULTANT THEREBROM
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Duke of Glastonbury in the County of Somerset,
Gentleman for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PURIFICATION OF
GAS AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A FERTILIZING COMPOUND AS A RESULTANT
THEREBROM
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Duke at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd June 1882.
JOSEPH DUKE of Glastonbury in the County of Somerset, Gentleman
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PURIFICATION OF GAS AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
A FERTILIZING COMPOUND AS A RESULTANT THEREFROM."
"
My invention relates to the use of mono-calcic phosphate for the purification of
gas, and to the manufacture of a valuable fertilizing agent as the result of such
process of purification.
In carrying my invention into effect I take phosphate of lime in any convenient
form and treat it with hydro-chloric acid in the proportion, roughly speaking, of one-
third acid to two-thirds phosphate of lime, the lime being held in solution in, but
chemically separated from, the phosphoric acid. The proportion of acid necessary
will vary according to the amount of lime contained in the phosphate. I then add
a sufficient quantity of sulphuric acid to precipitate the lime, and I thus leave the
phosphoric acid partly free, obtaining the mono-calcic phosphate. This is a
convenient and simple method of producing the mono-calcic phosphate, but it may
be made in other well known ways.
I then mix the mono-calcic phosphate, and the precipitated sulphate of lime
derived from the above process with peat charcoal, or dried pulverized peat, or
other suitable porous material, and charge a purifier with the compound, preferably
in a damp state, passing through it the gas as it comes from the condensers or
other parts of the works.
After this the gas is passed through the ordinary lime or oxide of iron purifier.
When the compound in the purifier is highly charged with the ammonia, which

page_text: will cause the phosphoric acid to be in part precipitated, the compound of peat
charcoal and peat, or other porous substance, and phosphoric acid, must be removed
and is available as a valuable base for a fertilizing compound or manure.
This compound may be used as it comes from the purifier, or may be reduced by
the addition of phosphates or other ingredients to suit different crops.
"
I preferably add to the compound of peat and phosphoric acid a certain
proportion of "kainite or other compound containing potash or soda, preferably
before passing the gas through the purifier, and this, though not essential to the
purification of the gas, is desirable with the view of producing a manure which
shall contain all the elements necessary for sustaining and promoting vegetable
life.

page_text: "
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Duke in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd December
1882.
JOSEPH DUKE of Glastonbury in the County of Somerset, Gentleman
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PURIFICATION OF GAS AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
A FERTILIZING COMPOUND AS A RESULTANT THEREFROM
33
My Invention relates to the use of mono-calcic phosphate for the purification of
gas, and to the manufacture of a valuable fertilizing agent as the result of such
process of purification.
In carrying my Invention into effect I take phosphate of lime in any convenient
form and treat it with hydrochloric acid in the proportion, roughly speaking, of one-
third acid to two-thirds phosphate of lime, the lime being held in solution in, but
chemically separated from, the phosphoric acid. The proportion of acid necessary
will vary according to the amount of lime contained in the phosphate. I then add
a sufficient quantity of sulphuric acid to precipitate the lime and to render soluble
any insoluble phosphate of lime that may not have been acted upon, and I thus
leave the phosphoric acid partly free obtaining the mono-calcic phosphate.
This is a convenient and simple method of producing the mono-calcic phosphate,
but it may be made in other well-known ways.
I then mix the mono-calcic phosphate and the precipitated sulphate of lime
derived from the above process, with peat charcoal, or dried pulverized pent, or other
suitable porous material, and charge a purifier with the compound preferably in a
damp state passing through it the gas as it comes from the condensers or other
parts of the works.
After this has been done, the gas is passed through the ordinary lime or oxide-of-
iron purifier. When the compound in the purifier is highly charged with the
ammonia, which will cause the phosphoric acid to be wholly or in part precipitated,
the compound of peat charcoal and peat or other porous substance and phosphoric
acid and lime must be removed, and is then available as a valuable base for a
fertilizing compound or manure. Should, however, any of the soluble phosphate be
precipitated, sulphuric acid is to be added to render the precipitated phosphate
soluble.
This compound may be used as it comes from the purifier, or may be reduced or
increased by the addition of phosphates or phosphates rendered soluble, or of other
ingredients to suit different crops.
With the view of charging the whole of the compound with ammonia, and
producing a concentrated base for a manure which shall contain the elements
necessary for promoting and sustaining vegetable life, I preferably add to the
compound of mono-calcic phosphato, lime, and peat, peat charcoal, or its equivalent,
while in the purifier and before passing the gas through it, a certain proportion of
"kainite," or other compound containing similar constituents, such as the sulphates
of potash, lime and magnesia, and the chlorides of magnesia and sodium; all of
which salts are found on analysis to be present to a greater or less degree in
kainito;" or these may be added after the mixture is taken from the purifier, but
the mixture will then not be so concentrated.
Hoving now set forth the nature of my said Invention of "Improvements in the
purification of Gas and in the manufacture of a fertilizing compound as a
resultant therefrom," and having explained in what manner the same may be
carried into practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim :—
First: The use of mono-calcic phosphate in the purification of gas, and the

page_text: consequent production of a fertilizing compound or base for manures substantially
as set forth..
Secondly: The use in the purification of gas of mono-calcic phosphate, in
combination with sulphate of line, and peat charcoal or dried pulverized pent, or
equivalent porous material, and the manufacture as a resultant from tho said
purifying process of a valuable fertilizing compound or base substantially as set
forth.
Thirdly. The use in the purification of gas of mono-calcic phosphate, sulphate of
lime, peat charcoal or dried pulverized peat or equivalent porous material, and
"Kainite," or other compound containing potash, soda, magnesia and the other
compounds contained in " Kainite," in the manner set forth whereby a manure
containing all the elements necessary for promoting and sustaining vegetable life is
obtained.
:
Fourthly The fertilizing compounds or bases for manures resulting from the
purification of gas by the use of mono-calcic phosphate in the mannor above sot
forth.
In witness whercof I the said Joseph Duke have hereunto set my hand
and seal the Sixteenth day of December in the your of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
TAART