Improvements in Rotary Motors actuated by Internal Explosions.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Mar., 1898-Accepted, 4th June, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rotary Motors actuated by Internal Explosions.
I, CHARLES CAILLE, of No. 53, Rue Rennequin, Paris, in the French Republic,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The contrivance which forms the subject of the present invention is a motor of
the rotary type actuated by internal explosions and specially constructed for use
with or without prior compression of the explosive, whether of air and gas, steam,
gasolene, petroleum, &c. &c.
In the accompanying drawing, in which the motor has by way of example,
been shown.arranged for the prior compression of the gaseous mixture:-
Figure 1 represents an elevation of the motor:
Figure 2 is a plan corresponding to Figure 1 in which the plug or piston,
forming a movable partition, in the working cylinder, is supposed to be removed
together with its governing gear;
Figure 3 is an elevation of the opposite side of the motor to that shown in
Figure 1;
Figure 4 is a compound sectional view corresponding to Figure 3, the right
portion of the figure being a section following the line x, x, y of Figure 3, and
the left part being a section following the lines a¹, y of the same figure.
Figure 5 is an elevation of the working cylinder proper corresponding to the
face shown by Figure 3, the annular shutter M and its two supporting covers M¹
and M³ being removed.
Figure 6 is a section showing the arrangements for ignition.
Figure 7 is a longitudinal section following the line 7-7 of Figure 2, and
showing the suction valve boxes and delivery valve boxes of the cylinder pump A.
Figure 8 is a section following the line 8-8 of Figure 2 and showing details
of the valve box upon which the reservoir J is fixed.
Supposing the motor to be constructed for prior compression of the explosive
mixture, the machine in its entirety would comprise the following essential parts:
1st. A pump cylinder A drawing the explosive mixture through the valve box F
and delivering it through the same valve box and the pipe A¹, to an intermediary
bell shaped reservoir J.
2nd. The intermediary compression reservoir J communicating with the valve I.
3rd. A driving cylinder proper, K, of a special form, consisting of a vertical
arched channel K in which the piston L moves.
4th. The driving piston L forming a part of the movable annular shutter M
of the cylinder K; these last two parts being the characteristic feature of my
invention.
5th. The piston V forming a movable partition in the driving cylinder.
The pump is formed of a cylinder A in which there moves a piston B to which
a backward and forward motion is imparted by means of a crank C fixed on the
shaft D. The explosive mixture, sucked in at the opening E of the valve-box F,
raises the valve e, and is then forced back through the valve G and the pipe A¹
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into the intermediary reservoir J formed of a bell-shaped receptacle which com-
municates with a distributing valve box I (Figure 8). This distributing valve
box is a valve box arranged in such a way that the return delivery of the explosive
mixture may take place under the seat of valve i pressed upon its seat by the
action of a spring R (Figures 1 and 8) the resistance of which is superior to the
compression of the explosive mixture. This compression is due to the difference
existing between the volume of the cylinder A and that of the intermediary
reservoir J. The duty of the distribution valve box I is to distribute at an
opportune moment the explosive mixture in the explosion chamber formed by
the free space in the cylinder K comprised between the driving piston L and the
piston V forming a movable,partition, the action of which is described below.
The piston L which moves in the cylinder K consists of two parts a, b; one part a
is fixed to the. annular shutter M, the other, b, is formed of. a plate fixed to a rod bl
the head of which, 62, can take a slight movement in a corresponding recess in a.
Between a and b there is placed an asbestos or fireproof washer 7 forming a
segment and hermetic joint. The entire structure L, M, receiving its rotary
motion from the driving fluid, communicates it to the shaft D by means of the
four arms N forming one with the boss O, keyed on to the aforesaid driving shaft.
The annular shutter M is held in by two covers M¹ M³ fixed to the cylinder K
by means of the bolts m², m³.
The action of the motor is as follows;-To understand this, let me refer 'back
to Figure 9, the arrow shown on which indicates the direction or path of rotation.
Let us suppose that the motor has made some revolutions, and examine how
its movement is continued when the .driving piston has arrived at the position
shown in Figure 5-a position which, for the sake of clearness, we will call
point 1 of the scheme. The valve seat i of the distribution valve 'box I is raised
by a cranked lever 'P (Figure 1) by means of a cam placed on the driving shaft
and which actuates the pulley sheave p upon one end of which the lever is fixed.
A portion of the explosive mixture, passes through the tubet on leaving the inter-
mediary reservoir J, and enters by the orifice 02 (Figure 5) into the explosion
chamber formed as has been stated by the space in the cylinder K comprised
between the plug or piston V and the driving piston L. When this latter has
arrived at point 2 of the scheme, the cam fixed on the driving shaft acting on the
sheave P, leaves this sheave, and the valve of the distribution box I closes under
the action of the spring R. At this moment the cylinder pump A re-commences
to lift the valve i, and at the same time the mixture is ignited. The ignition is
effected by the passage of a spark between two platinum points u, u¹ (Figure '6)
isolated by means of porcelain holders, the respective ends 'being connected with
electric wires. The ignition can also be effected by any known mechanical means.
The ignition gear can also be varied. In the drawing, the platinum points are
placed before the orifice 02 (Figure 5) in a chamber into which the pipe t, coming
from the distribution valve box I, opens.
The driving effect is produced from 2 to 3; at 3, the piston arrives at the
orifice 03 communicating with the open air and the burnt gases escape. At this
moment an inclined guide c¹ (Figure 4) placed on the rotating arm N, comes in
contact with, by means of the sheave d, the rod G, compelling the lever R,
(Figures 1.and 4) which by means of a.connecting rod S raises the plug or piston V,
to give passage to the driving piston L. "When the piston 'has passed beyond
point 1, the inclined guide c¹ leaves the sheave d of the rod G which is returned
to its original position by means of the two springs r³, attached by one part
to the frame of the cylinder and fixed on the other part to the axle con-
necting the rod G with the lever R¹. The rod G is guided in its passage in
a small cast-iron sleeve H forming one with the driving cylinder.
The plug or piston V forming a movable partition, again takes up the position
shown in Figure 4, and rests, by means of the springs.rl and against the annular
shutter M; and the cycle of movements I have just described is repeated. For
running without prior.compression, the piston-pump and the intermediary reservoir

page_text: are done away with, the explosive mixture being drawn into the explosion chamber
by the action of the driving piston L, through the orifice 0³ communicating
directly with the carburetter. Between the orifice O2 and the carburetter, there
is a valve closing by the action of the explosion. For high powers I have pro-
vided, as shown by the drawing, a water circulation in the substance of the driving
cylinder. The water is conveyed into the cavity e³ entering by the orifice e¹, by
means of a pump set in motion by the motor. The water after having circulated
in the cavity escapes by the orifice e³.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a rotary motor actuated by internal explosions, a working cylinder formed
of a circular arched channel K, and having a base formed of a movable annular
shutter M, incorporated with the motor piston L, and a plug or piston V actuated
by an alternating movement and forming a movable partition in this cylinder.
2. In a rotary motor actuated by internal explosions, a driving piston L divided
into two parts a, b separated by an asbestos plug forming a segment, the part a
being incorporated with the rotatable annular shutter M, and the part being
formed of a plate retaining a certain mobility or play so as to be able to rest
constantly on the segment or washer of asbestos.
Dated the 12th day of March 1898.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
No. 22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.