IMPROVEMENTS ON APPA- RATUS FOR ENGRAVING ON COPPER AND CERTAIN OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1834

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
GALLEY GILES, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex, Gentle-
man, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Fifteenth day of November, in the fifth year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edward Galley Giles, His special licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Edward Galley Giles, my exors, adñññors, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Edward Galley Giles, my exors, adññiors, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS ON APPA-
RATUS FOR ENGRAVING ON COPPER AND CERTAIN OTHER SUBSTANCES;" in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Edward Galley
Giles, shall cause a particular description of the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His said
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as
in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said

page_text: Edward Galley Giles, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is described and
ascertained by the following description, and by the Drawing hereunto annexed
(that is to say):
centres.
The nature of the said Invention consists in the power of reversing the
subject to be engraved, whether reduced or of the same size as the original, on
a plane or level surface, and without inverting the copper plate or other
substance engraved upon, as has hitherto been necessary. The instrument by
which this effected is formed of two parts. The first, which is not the subject
of my Invention, except as herein-after mentioned, differs from the panta-
graph or pentagraph" already known and used for engraving on copper
and certain other substances only in the construction and power of shifting the
It is composed of four brass bars or rules, which, when united, form
a parallelogram. These bars are joined at the centres, which are affixed to
the slides or flat tubes, in which the bars are placed, and are fastened by means
of binding screws; in each of these slides, opposite to the centres, is a small
opening, for the purpose of seeing the divisions which should be made at
equal distances on the bars, and thereby placing the two opposite bars parallel
to one another. The paralellogram being thus formed turns round a centre,
which is firmly fixed to the table by means of a leaden weight furnished with
sharp points underneath it. One of the bars carries the engraving point, which
is fixed to a slide within which the bar is placed. The opposite bar carries a
small steel pin, which is also fixed to a slide, and this pin attaches or unites
the two parts of the instrument together. The second part is that in which
the novelty of the Invention consists. It is also formed of four bars or
rules of a convenient size, and which may be made of brass or other
metal and hollow; they must be of equal size and are joined at their extre-
mities by centres, which may be made either like a common hinge, or by
means of concentric tubes, or of steel pivots. These four bars also form
a parallelogram in whatever position they are placed. Beneath two of the
opposite centres are metal wheels or pullies respectively formed with an
angular groove, and which turn beneath the centres. These pullies and the
parts connected therewith are more fully and particularly described by the
Figures and references herein-after mentioned. The said pullies roll on a
straight brass semicircular bar which must be of sufficient length to allow
the instrument to move freely upon it. One of the two other centres receives
the tube in which the point that traces the outlines of the subject slides, the
other centre connects this second part with the first part of the instrument by
means of the steel pin before mentioned, and both parts are used when it is

page_text: desired to engrave the subject smaller than the original; but when it is required
to engrave the subject the same size as the original, the second part of the
instrument alone is used, and a tube is placed in the last-mentioned centre,
which receives the engraving point. The instrument is supported by friction
rollers or castors. By adding additional bars to the said first part of the
instrument, two or three engravings may be made at the same time, but it
should be observed that the engraving points should be placed on such part of
the respective bars that they may be in a straight line with the principali
centre and the tracing point. In order, however, to render this Specification.
more fully understood, I shall now proceed to describe the several Figures.
which are contained in the Drawing, which, as above mentioned, is hereunto.
annexed, and in which said Drawing, Figure 1 (a), is the first part of the
instrument, but which however, as I have above mentioned, is not the subject:
of the Invention, except as herein-after mentioned. C represents the principal
centre round which the instrument turns; it is moved by means of the two
adjusting screws Y and Z. By these screws the instrument may be arranged
with great nicety without moving the leaden weight. L represents the leaden
weight, the inner end of which may be raised or lowered by means of the
screw X; and p, p, are points which fix the lead firmly to the table. Figure 2
is another view of the leaden weight L, the principal centre C, the adjusting
screw Y, the screw to raise the leaden weight X, and p, p, the points which fix the
leaden weight to the table. The Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 represent the sliding
bars or rules, of which this part of the instrument is composed. V, V, &c.
are the binding screws which fasten the slides or flat tubes upon the bars
which are placed within them. R, R, &c., represent openings formed in the
flat tubes for the purpose of seeing the divisions which, as above stated, are
made on the bars. A, B, D, E, are centres on which the bars turn; two
of these centres, videlicet, D and E, are respectively surmounted with hori-
zontal pullies, around which the thread herein-after mentioned passes.
Figure 7 is a separate view of the slide or flat tube, and the centre surmounted
with the pulley and the binding screw.
Figure 1 (b) represents the second part of the instrument, in which alone,
as before stated, the novelty of my Invention consists. 5, 6, 7, and 8 are the
metal bars of which it is composed, and o, o, &c., the centres by which the bars
are joined or combined together. Figure 3 represents one of two pullies having
angular grooves around them; these pullies placed opposite to each other roll
on the semicircular bar T. Above the said pullies is a large round plate, which
receives upon a cylindrical stem a circular leaden weight K,
prevents the pullies from sliding off the semicircular bar T.
and this weight
Figure 3* is a.

page_text: cross view of this pulley and its carriage shewn upon a larger scale. W
is the round plate, to which are affixed underneath it the two projections 9, 9,
having screwed holes, through which the screws 10, 10, with conical points,
are passed, and which said points enter into conical holes made in the ends of
the axis of the pulley to receive them. Upon such screws 10, 10, lock burs,
with milled or corded edges 11, 11, are placed, and which, acting against the
external sides of the projections 9, 9, secure the screws 10, 10, tightly, so that
they cannot turn after they have been so adjusted as to prevent the pulley
from having any motion endways. 7 and 8 are two of the bars turning upon
a steel cylindrical tube or pin affixed in the centre of the round plate W,
and which said tube or pin has a screw made to enter a screw hole in its centre,
as shewn in the said Figure. K is the leaden weight, with an horizontal pulley
on the top of it, and T is a section of part of the bar, with its semi-cylindrical
part lying underneath the angular groove in the pulley. Figure 4 represents
the centre binding screw and steel pin, with a spherical end at its lower part,
which connects both parts of the instrument, Figure 1 (a), Figure 1 (b) toge-
ther; this centre contains a screw and lock bur to raise and lower it; on the
top of the centre there is a small horizontal pulley M. Figure 5, N repre-
sents the engraving point, which slides in the tube a, b, without being able to
turn therein; this point is encircled by a small tube fixed by a binding screw m,
and the tube contains a stem or tongue which slides in a groove made in the
tube a, b; by this means the point is prevented from turning, and remains
exactly fixed in the centre; two pullies are affixed to the tube a, b, by the
binding screw g, and serve to raise and lower the engraving point by means
of a thread which passes over the pullies p, p, the horizontal pullies on the
top of the centres E, D, and M, the pulley on the top of the leaden weight
over the centre O, as shewn in the Drawing hereunto annexed, and is fastened
to the key or piece H, shewn sideways in Figure 9, and in proportion as the
handle of this key is raised or lowered the thread and point are raised or
lowered accordingly. Figure 6, S is the point which traces the outlines of the
subject; this point also slides in a tube fitted in one of the centres, and is
encircled by a small tube containing another stem or tongue which slides
into a groove formed in the tube to receive it. Both these points, as well as the
tubes in which they are placed, should be made of the same size, so as to
render them interchangeable at pleasure. Figure 8 is a side view or elevation
of one of the castors and its adjusting screw and binding nut or lock, but by
means of which the caster is raised or lowered. It has also a cleft piece fitted
to be slipped upon any of the bars of the instrument which may require
supporting by means of the castor.

page_text: I do not mean hereby to claim as the Invention any portion of the instru-
ment herein-before described as the first part, and referred to as Figure 1 (a),
except the construction of the leaden weight mentioned in that part, com-
prizing its metal arm with the cross adjustments for nicely arranging and placing
the centre C; nor do I hereby mean to claim as the Invention the engraving
or tracing points and parts connected therewith, or the castors herein-before
described and referred to. But I do hereby claim as the Invention that
portion of the instrument herein-before described as the second part and referred
to as Figure 1 (b), by which the subject to be engraved is reversed on a plane
or level surface, and also the manner of uniting the two parts of the instru-
ment by means of the ball or sphere on the end of the connecting stem.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Galley Giles, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Second day of May, in the year of our Lord