Year: 1888

page_text: I DAVID WILLIAM SUGG of Vincent Works Regency Street in the City of
Westminster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to render what are known as inverted gas lamps
available for outdoor use.
It is well known that this class of lamp is extremely sensitive to variations of
pressure in the currents of the air, for the reason that to obtain the best and full
results, the supply of air and gas must be evenly balanced; hence these lamps have
hitherto been used with effect indoors only, where the air is practically quiescent.
When used out of doors, the varying pressure of the currents of air on the lamp,
causes more or less vacuum in the lamp; thus the supply of air is not sufficient to
produce perfect combustion, and the flame smokes, causing stoppage of the passages
with unconsumed carbon.
In applying this invention, say, to a lamp constructed in accordance with the
specification of Letters Patent granted to me dated 16th February 1887, No. 2440,
I take the lamp minus the ornamental cover, and I enclose the body of the lamp in
an air-tight bell-shaped casing of about twice the diameter of the lamp.
Inside this casing, and extending across the space between the casing and the
body, I secure four, six, or more radial plates or wings, and in the upper part of the
bell casing I make perforations to admit air.
Outside the casing I secure a concentric bell-shaped cover, and across the space
between the cover and the case, I secure a ring of perforated metal or wire gauze.
The chimney I enclose in a cylindrical case, on the top of which I secure a kind of
cowl, consisting of an outer cylinder having suitable openings of an ornamental
character, and a perforated inner cylinder, the perforations being struck from the
inside, so as to leave a burr on the outside round each perforation, the whole being
surmounted by a close cover.
The object of leaving the burr on the outside is to prevent the wind blowing into
the casing and down the chimney, as is now well understood.

page_text: The working of the improved lamp is as follows:-
The wind blows in between the cover and the case, where the rush is first broken
by the perforated ring.
The air then enters the casing, and being prevented by the radial plates from
passing right through, and thus creating a partial vacuum in the globe, is to some
extent compressed and forced down into the globe. The effect of this operation is to
supply more air than is actually required, or in other words, to over-oxidise the
flame, which, instead of being caused to smoke, is thereby slightly reduced in size, or
caused to feebly flicker at the edges, without seriously affecting the intensity of the
flame or the amount of light obtained.

page_text: I DAVID WILLIAM SUGG of Vincent Works, Regency Street, in the City of
Westminster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to render what are known as inverted gas lamps
available for outdoor use.
It is well known that this class of lamp is extremely sensitive to variations of
pressure in the currents of the air, for the reason that to obtain the best and full
results, the supply of air and gas must be evenly balanced; hence these lamps have
hitherto been used with effect indoors only, where the air is practically quiescent.
When used out of doors, the varying pressure of the currents of air on the lamp,
causes more or less vacuum in the lamp; thus the supply of air is not sufficient to
produce perfect combustion, and the flame smokes, causing stoppage of the passages
with unconsumed carbon.
In the accompanying drawing,
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of my improved gas lamp, and
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the lamp proper, taken on the line 1, 2 of Fig. 1.
The form of the gas lamp or burner proper is that shown and described in the
specification of my Patent No. 2440 dated 16th February 1887, and further
description will therefore be unnecessary here. For convenience of reference, I will
denote the gas lamp proper as A, and the chimney as B.
I take the lamp A shown in such specification, minus the ornamental cover, and I
enclose the body of the lamp in a bell-shaped casing C of about twice the diameter of
the lamp.
Inside this casing, and extending across the space between the casing and the
body, I secure four, six, or more radial plates or wings D, and in the upper part of
the bell casing I make perforations E to admit air.
Outside the casing I secure a concentric bell shaped cover F, and across the
space between the cover and the case I secure a ring of perforated metal or wire
gauze G. The chimney B I enclose in a cylindrical case H surmounted by a cowl I,
to prevent the wind blowing down the chimney. This cowl may consist of an outer
cylinder I', having suitable openings I2, of an ornamental character, and a perforated
inner cylinder K, the perforations of which are struck from the inside, so as to leave
a burr on the outside round each perforation, the whole being surmounted by a close
cover L.
The object of leaving the burr on the outside is now well understood. The cowl
may however be of any other suitable form or construction.
The working of the improved lamp is as follows:-
The wind blows in between the cover F and the case C, where the rush is first
broken by the perforated ring G. The air then enters the casing C, and being

page_text: prevented by the radial plates D from passing right through, and thus creating a
partial vacuum in the globe, is to some extent compressed, and forced down into the
globe. The effect of this operation is to supply more air than is actually required, or
in other words, to over-oxidise the flame, which instead of being caused to smoke is
thereby slightly reduced in size, or caused to feebly flicker at the edges, without
seriously affecting the intensity of the flame, or the amount of light obtained.
I would here remark that I do not intend to confine myself to the construction of
inverted lamp shown, as the invention is equally applicable to other forms of inverted
lamp.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1st. The arrangement of Gas Lamp for outdoor purposes as herein shown and
described.
2nd. Enclosing the body of the lamp proper in a perforated casing which is
provided internally with radial plates or wings as and for the purpose set forth.
3rd. The combination with the chimney of an inverted gas lamp provided with
means for breaking up the entering currents of air, of a cowl K, or similar contrivance,
for the purpose set forth.
4th. The application of internal ribs, plates, or wings, to the outer cover of an
inverted gas lamp as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 16th day of January 1889.