IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING BRICKS AND TILES, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF BRICK EARTH, CLAY, OR OTHER PLASTIC MATERIAL."
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Clayton, of the Atlas Works, Upper Park
Place, Dorset Square, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING BRICKS AND TILES, AND
OTHER ARTICLES OF BRICK EARTH, CLAY, OR OTHER PLASTIC MATERIAL."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Clayton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th August 1858.
I, HENRY CLAYTON, of the Atlas Works, Upper Park Place, Dorset Square,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING BRICKS AND TILES, AND
OTHER ARTICLES OF BRICK EARTH, CLAY, OR OTHER PLASTIC MATERIAL," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for manu-
facturing bricks and tiles, and other articles of brick earth, clay, or other
plastic material.
For these purposes, in order to give the alternating motions and periods of
rest to the rollers applied to or in dies, or to expressing orifices, when
expressing clay or brick earth, a cam is applied to the main or driving shaft;
this cam is arranged, to move the pulleys which drive the bands, so that they

page_text: may alternately gear with or be carried round by the upright shaft on which
they are placed, the one pulley allowing the shaft to turn within it when the
other pulley is held by and carried round with the shaft. The two pulleys by
two bands give motion to two screw shafts, each of which gives motion to two
screw wheels, which are fixed on the axes of the rollers applied to or in the dies
or moulding orifices of the machine. In order to sustain and guide the end of
the bar to which the cutter wires are strained, a bridge is fixed across the
cutting frame, the upper surface of which is formed to a curve corresponding
with that described by the bar. On the end of the bar a roller or truck is
applied which runs on the surface of the bridge. The wires are tightened by
means of screw nuts which receive within them the stems or short rods to
which the ends of the wires are attached. These short rods slide through
the bar in square or angular holes, which prevent their turning in the holes,
and the screw threads are cut at the four angles of the short rods or
stems.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Clayton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th February 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
CLAYTON, of the Atlas Works, Upper Park Place, Dorset Square, in the
County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Henry Clayton, Her special licence that I, the said Henry Clayton,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry
Clayton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree-with, and no-others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING BRICKS AND TILES, AND OTHER ARTICLES,
OP BRICK EARTH, CLAY, OR OTHER PLASTIC MATERIAL," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Henry Clayton, my executors or adminis-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their

page_text: hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Clayton, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for manufac-
turing bricks and tiles, and other articles of brick earth, clay, or other plastic
material.
For these purposes in order to give the alternating motions and periods of
rest to the rollers applied to or in dies, or to expressing orifices, when
expressing clay or brick earth, a cam is applied to the main or driving shaft;
this cam is arranged to move the pulleys which drive the bands, so that they
may alternately gear with or be carried round by the upright shaft on which
they are placed, the one pulley allowing the shaft to turn within it when the
other pulley is held by and carried round with the shaft. The two pulleys by
two bands give motion to two screw shafts, each of which gives motion to two:
screw wheels which are fixed on the axes of the rollers applied to or in the
dies or moulding orifices of the machine. In order to sustain and guide the
end of the bar to which the cutter wires are strained, a bridge is fixed across the
cutting frame, the upper surface of which is formed to a curve corresponding
with that described by the bar. On the end of the bar a roller or truck is
applied, which runs on the surface of the bridge. The wires are tightened by
means of screw nuts, which receive within them the stems or short rods to
which the ends of the wires are attaclied. These short rods slide through the
bar in square or angular holes, which prevent their turning in tlie holes, and
the screw threads are cut at the four angles of the short rods or stems.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows a side elevation of a machine baving my improvements
applied thereto; Figure 2 is a plan thereof. The other Figures show detail.
views separately. The dies or moulding orifices of this machine are made
with two fixed sides and two rollers q, q, covered with plush, or napped fabric,
such as are described in the Specifications of my former Patents; but in place:

page_text: of giving motion to the two rollers 9, 9, as was formerly described, motion is
now communicated thereto in the following manner:-q', q', are worm or
screw wheels on the axes of the rollers q, q, and these wheels are driven by
means of worms or screws q², q, on the axes q³, q³, which receive motion in the
following manner :-On the axes 93, 93, are pulleys or drums, as will be clearly
seen by reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3. The worms or screws and wheels
are arranged suitably for causing the surfaces of the rollers to move in the same.
direction with the clay as it passes out, but it is preferred that the surfaces of
the rollers should move at a somewhat faster speed than the clay, in order to
produce the effect of compressing and smoothing the surfaces of the clay. Or
in place of using worms or screws and screw wheels as above described, I
sometimes, in place thereof, use bevil toothed wheels and pinions, as shown,
more plainly at Figure 4. The axes q³ in each arrangement are driven by
cross bands q, q, which are actuated by two drums or pulleys 9, 96, which are.
so arranged that only one of the drums or pulleys 2 is in action at any time,
the putting of one into gear with its clutch on the upright axis k causes the
other to be,put out of gear with its clutch on the axis or shaft k, and this is
accomplished by the lever 17, the upper end of which slides the pulleys on the.
axis k to and from the clutches q, q° thereon; the other end of the lever is forked,
and it is actuated by a cam q¹º. The end of the upper arm of the lever u, to
which the cutting wires t, t, are stretched, is supported by means of a bridge u',
in order to maintain an uniform tension of the wires, there being a truck or
roller at the end of such upper arm of the lever u, as will be readily under-
stood by reference to Figures 1, 2, and 5. The wires t are stretched by
means of screw rods t¹ (shewn full size at Figure 6) which are shewn to be of
a square section and uniform thickness, having the screw threads cut at the
angles to receive the screw nut t². These screws t¹ pass through suitably
shaped holes in the arms u of the cutting apparatus, they are therefore capable
of sliding but not of turning therein. Or, in place of such stem of the screws
being formed with four sides, they may be formed with three, or more than
four sides, the holes through the lever arms being made of a like section, the
screw threads in each case being formed at the angles.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself
to the precise details and arrangement of the parts herein described, and that
I make no claim to the mechanical parts separately; but what I claim is,--
First, the combined apparatus for alternately giving motion from an axis or
from the upright axis k to the rollers q, q, to or in dies, or in conjunction with
expressing orifices as herein described.

page_text: Secondly, I claim the mode of arranging the bar u of the cutting apparatus,
and supporting the end thereof by a bridge u', as and for the purposes herein
described.
And, thirdly, I claim stretching of the cutting wires by the peculiar form
of angular screw rods acted on by screw nuts as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Clayton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
HENRY CLAYTON. (L.s.)