Improvement in Type Printing Instrument for Telegraphic Purposes.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 21st Dec., 1891-Accepted, 23rd Jan., 1892
TRUVIDIONAL DIMIFICATIVA.
Improvement in Type Printing Instrument for Telegraphic
Purposes.
WARREN THOMPSON Telegraphic Engineer 24 Grange Park Thornton Heath
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It is a dynamo or magneto type printing telegraphic instrument, standing upon
legs similar to a small foot lathe, and is driven by the foot of the operator by means
of a pedal, the key board, and receptor are on the top of the instrument. The
printing is done mechanically on a band of paper.
It consists first of the transmittor which is driven by the foot of the operator by
means of a pedal which is attached to a barrel-spring of one or more turns, fixed to
a tooth wheel geared to a pulley shaft by a pinion. The said pulley shaft drives
the dynamo or magneto, and also the commutator. By this arrangement a
regular speed is obtained, there being no dead centres to overcome, as with the
ordinary pedals,
The dynamo or magneto furnishes the electrical current, which is governed by
the commutator, and key board, the keys of which are placed in two circles on the
top of the instrument, and correspond with the alphabet and numerals upon the
type wheel of the receptor, and act as follows. When a key is pressed it liberates
the commutator (which is kept stationary at zero by a lever which is acted upon
by all the keys) and as it rotates sends the requisite number of currents as it is
stopped by each key until the letters of a word has been touched, when the fingers
are taken off the instrument, and the type wheel and commutator both return to
zero, and the paper is moved the space of a letter which separates the letters into
words.
The receptor has for motive power two clock trains fixed in a cast iron frame or
box, and driven by weights, or springs, one of which serves to bring the type wheel
to its proper position by means of an escapement operated upon by the electrical
current from the transmitter. The other serves to print the letters, and move the
paper.
The reversed current is used and the electro-magnets are constructed as follows,
viz.:
Two bobbins constructed of iron tube and iron flanges, the armature
working between the flanges. The armature is induced by a permanent magnet.
The printing is done by means of a cam, which is controlled by a ratchet wheel
attached to the shaft on which the type wheel is placed, which in starting and
stopping, liberates the cam shaft which makes a revolution by means of which the
paper is moved, and the letter is printed.
ليوم
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Type Printing Instrument for Telegraphic
Purposes.
1, WARREN THOMPSON, Telegraphic Engineer, of 24 Grange Park, Thornton
Heath, in the County of Surrey do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for IMPROVEMENT IN TYPE PRINTING INSTRUMENT FOR TELEGRAPHIC
PURPOSES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to that form of type-writing, or printing, telegraph instru-
ments in which a revolving shaft carrying a type wheel, escapement &c., is

page_text: controlled by alternating electric currents and consists of the transmitter shown
in Fig. 1, and details Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5 & 11; and the receptor shown in Fig. 6, and
details Figs. 7, 8, 9 & 10.
The transmitter (Fig. 1) may be formed of two frames A, carrying a table B,
and having a treadle C', operating a band D fixed to a drum E, as shown at Fig. 11.
The drum E is loose on the shaft G, but drives the same, when moving in one
direction only, through a pawl D2 and ratchet wheel E, fixed on the shaft G, or
other suitable device. The band D is carried round the partial drum E, and is
attached to a pin on the pawl D². A spring D'is suitably connected to the pawl D'
so as to raise the pawl out of the ratchet wheel E, and also to raise the treadle,
when the pressure is relieved from same;-or a weight may be used for the same
purpose. The pawl D is pivotted at D³, and the pull on the band D consequently
overcomes the pull of the spring D', and puts the pawl D' in gear with the
ratchet E, and so revolves the shaft G.
The shaft G is fitted with a ratchet wheel F engaging with a pawl F" on the
frame A, so that the shaft G can only turn in one direction. The spur wheel K,
having a drum H fixed to it, revolves on the shaft G, and is driven by a barrel
spring fixed to the drum H, at its outer end, and to the shaft G at its inner end.
The wheel K drives the pinion L on the shaft M, on which is keyed a pulley N
driving the armature of the dynamo Q, by the band O and pulley on the
armature spindle. By the arrangement above described a continuous regular motion
(without dead centres) will be given to the armature of the dynamo while the
treadle is receiving pressure on the down stroke only; but I do not bind myself to
the foregoing arrangement of wheels and pulleys, which may be varied to suit
requirements. The dynamo, or magneto, may be of any suitable type giving a
continuous current; or cells may be used in place of a dynamo, or in conjunction
therewith.
The current from the dynamo Q, or other source, is converted into a regulated
alternating current by the commutator 1 (Figs. 1,2 & 3), preferably driven from the
armature of the dynamo Q, by the wheels R & S and the pulleys T & V. A worm
and wheel, or other suitable means, may be employed for driving the commutator
from the armature spindle, or other source of power. The band U, driving from
the pulley T to the pulley V may be run slack, or a suitable frictional device may
be added to either pulley, or wheel, so that the spindle 4, carrying the commutator I,
can be held stationary while the armature, or other motor, is revolving. The
current enters & leaves the commutator by the brushes 3 and leads W, suitably
connected to the brushes on the armature of the dynamo Q. The current to the
line and earth wires Z passes along the brushes 2, and to the receptor Fig. 6.
The operator depresses the buttons 7 (Figs. 1, 2 & 4), which are arranged in the
plate 14, in circles concentrically with the spindle 4, each button representing a
letter, number or sign, and corresponding with the typewheel in the receptor. The
lower ends of the buttons 7 depress a series of plates 8 (Figs. 2 & 5) carrying the
stop 11, the arm 5 is thus released from its zero position and travels round with
the commutator, till it comes in contact with the depressed button. During the
revolution of the arm 5 a number of currents equivalent to the number of letters
(or buttons) between the stop 11 and the depressed button, have been sent to the
receptor; & so soon as the arm stops against the depressed button the equivalent
letter is printed and the receiving paper moved as hereafter described with reference
to the receptor. The commutator is arranged to give a separate & alternately
reversed current for each button that it passes under, as is usual in the well known
step by step movement. To enable the operator to see that the arm 5 is working
correctly a finger 6 is fixed on the top of the spindle 4, and this finger travels over
an indicator 12 (Figs. 2 & 4) upon which the letters, figures or signs corresponding
to the buttons are marked. The finger and indicator are protected by a glass 13.
The buttons can be arranged in any suitable way, but the method described is
preferable.
The plates 8 are preferably four separate plates as shown in plan at Fig. 5,

page_text: pivoted at 10, and operating together. The spring 9 (Fig. 2) raises the plate 8
after being depressed, and by means of the circular portion 17 formed on it,
depresses the tongues 18, an1 so raises the other plates. When either of the
plates 8 are depressed, by the buttons 7, the tongue 18 raises the circular portion 17
and so depresses the plate against the spring 9, and the other plates 8 fall by
their own weight so far as the circular portion 17 will allow. Springs may be
applied to each plate.
The buttons 7 are preferably raised by means of a coiled spring 7 (Fig. 2), and
are prevented from being misplaced by a pin on the lower portion, which stops
against the underside of the plate 14.
The receptor Fig. 6, consists of two suitable clockwork trains driven by springs
or weights, and governed by the current received from the transmitter, in such a
way that the message is printed on a ribbon of paper as hereafter described. The
line and earth wires Z are connected with a polarised electro magnet formed of two
coils of wire A (Figs. 6 & 9) wound on hollow iron cores with iron flanges, and
arranged parallel to each other. The coils are wound and connected so as to form
different poles in the flanges opposite one another, so that each alternation of the
current causes an oscillation of the armatures B, hung between the flanges of the
coils, and induced by the permanent magnet K. The armatures Bare suspended
from the spindle C, which has formed on it a plate and jaw D. The movement of
the plate D can be regulated by the screws D. The jaw D operates the lever E
on the spindle F, which carries an escapement G. This escapement liberates the
wheel II, which is on the same spindle 21 (Fig. 6, 7 & 8) as the typewheel 1.
the wheel II is liberated, the clockwork train connected to the pinion 19 revolves
the type wheel 1. So that the motion shall commence immediately and stop without
backlash, the pinion 19 drives the spille 21 through a barrel spring, attached at
its inner end to the slieve on the pinion 19, and at is outer end to the drum 18 on
the wheel, the wheel H being fixed on the spindle 21.
As
As the type wheel may not maintain its proper relative position with the
transmitter and must occasionally be brought into unison therewith, an attachment
is made to the type wheel as shown at Fig. 8. The type wheel 1 is loose on the
spindle 21, but is driven through the toothed clutch 16 which is held in position by
the spring 17. The typewheel 1 has a drum 3 containing a barrel spring, fixed at
its outer end to the drum & at its inner end to a boss on the milled disc 5. The
dise 5 carries a pawl engaging with the ratchet keyel on the spindle 21. The
dise 5 is revolved by hand to put a tension on the spring, therefore if the trans-
mitter & receptor are stationary, and the button 13 is pushed in, the lever 14
withdraws the clutch 16, the lever 15 throws out the catch 12, and the stop 2 on
the type wheel 1 is brought by the spring in the drum 3 against the catch 12;-
which is the zero position corresponding with the zero position of the arm 5 in the
transmitter.
The printing is effected by raising the paper ribbon 11 (Fig. 7) against the type-
wheel by means of the lever 6, pin 7 and cam 8. The lever G is arranged with a
pad and hinge joints and pins, so as to be set correctly to the typewheel as shown.
The ribbon 11 is moved by the drumm W having two serrated flanges on which the
ribbon is pressed by the roller X and spring portion Y. The inking of the type is
preferably done by a saturated ink roller 23, hung freely on the lever 22 and pin 24.
The inking may be done by the usual inking ribbon if necessary.
The printing and paper moving are operated by the second clockwork train
acting on the spindle 9, which carries the cam 8 (Fig. 7) and also a single toothe
wheel T. The wheel T in making one revolution engages with the maltese-cross
wheel U moves it a certain distance and afterwards locks it in the usual well known
manner. The wheel U is fixed on the spindle V carrying the drum W previously
described. The motion may be conveyed from the spindle 9 to the spindle V by
any other suitable and well known arrangement.
The spindle 9 is liberated by the cams R (Figs. 6 & 10) which engage with the

page_text: lever S fixed on the spindle 9. The cams engage with one another as shown and
are operated by the spindle 25 which carries the pawl M. This pawl M receives
motion from the wheel L on the typewheel spindle 21, and imparts its oscillations
through the lever N to the weighted bell crank O and heavy wheel P. The quick
revolution of the wheel L prevents the pawl M from dropping into the teeth, and
simply vibrates the pawl, the cams R, the crank O and wheel P. But so soon as
the typewheel stops, the pawl M falls into the teeth of the wheel L and, as the
inertia of O and are overcome, allows the cams R to have sufficient movement
to release the lever S (Fig. 6) and put the spindle 9 in motion. The bell crank O
can be adjustably weighted and revolves the heavy wheel P through the stops Q
(or a suitable friction device) which give an amount of play on the end of the bell
crank O, and allow the necessary slip between the motion of the crank O and
wheel P.
As the paper is moved every time the typewheel is brought to rest, it follows
that a space will be made on the ribbon after the printing of a letter, if the arm 5
on the transmitter (Fig. 2) is allowed to come back to zero against the stop 11, as
at the end of a word. It will be apparent also that the arm 5 will constantly
revolve so long as the buttons 7 are depressed quickly enough, one after another,
and keep the stop 11 (Fig. 2) from coming in contact with said arm. A word will
be transmitted without a break, and at its completion the arm will come back to
zero ready for another operation. The instrument may however be made with
some slight modifications to come back to zero after every letter is transmitted.
The transmitter and receptor may be arranged together at each end of the line
with a suitable switch to throw either instrument into action, if thought desirable;
or both receptors may be in operation together when one transmitter only is
operated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In combination with the treadle C a regular, continuous and rotary driving
device consisting of a band D, spring D', drum E E', pawl D2, ratchet E, shaft G,
ratchet and pawl F, and the wheel, or pulley, K with its drum H and barrel
spring contained therein substantially as described.
2. In a driving device as described in Claim 1, the connection of the band D and
spring D to the pawl D relatively to one another and the pin D³ substantially as
described.
3. In a printing telegraph the plates 8 and stop 11 substantially as described.
4. An electro magnet consisting of two hollow flanged cores suitably wound,
with their longitudinal axis parallel, and the polarised armatures, induced by a
permanent magnet, and vibrating between the flanges of said cores substantially as
described.
5. In a printing telegraph the method of driving the type wheel from a clock-
work train by means of the pinion 19, drum 18 and contained barrel spring, in
combination with the escapement wheel H substantially as described.
6. In a printing telegraph the combination of type wheel 1, drum 3 and contained
barrel spring, disc 5, pawl and ratchet 4, clutch 16, levers 14 & 15 & pin 13
substantially as described.
7. In a printing telegraph the combination of a clock train with the escapement
lever S, cams K, pawl M, star wheel L, lever N, bell crank and heavy
wheel for operating the printing and paper moving devices substantially as
described.
8. In a printing telegraph the printing lever 6, with its adjustments, and operated
by the cam 8 from a clockwork train substantially as described.
9. In a printing telegraph the combination of the parts forming a transmitter
substantially as described with reference to Fig. 1.

page_text: 10. In a printing telegraph the combination of the parts forming a receptor
substantially as described with reference to Fig. 6.
11. In a printing telegraph the combination of a transmitter and receptor
substantially as described.
Dated this Nineteenth day of December 1891.
G. T. HARRAP,
Agent for Applicant.