Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 8th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 9th Sept., 1887.
I, JOHN HOPE, of 14 Water Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
According to this Invention there is a provided an apparatus for use in omnibuses
and tramcars which will record the number of passengers carried, the distance
travelled by such passengers and the fares paid by them, the locality at which
passengers entered and left the vehicle, the locality which the vehicle is passing
through, the route of the vehicle, and in passing through such route to exhibit and
change a series of advertisements the apparatus being operated by the guard, or
attendant.
The apparatus according to this Invention is preferably constructed and consists
as follows: of a series, or multiple series of panels containing in rotation the names
of the streets, roads, or localities through which the route of the vehicle lays; of a
series of discs, wheels, rollers, or endless bands in juxta position to the locality panels.
These discs, or equivalent devices being marked with a series of numerals beginning
with zero and corresponding with the number of passengers for which the inside, or
outside of the vehicle is licensed. Where the vehicle is arranged for both inside
and outside passengers, the locality panels and discs are arranged in double series,
one being for the inside and one for the outside passengers and each set of panels has
a double series of discs, one for recording the entry of passengers and the other for
recording the exit of passengers. There is also provided a changing locality panel,
the localities being marked on a roller, endless band, or like device and corresponding
in names and rotation with the names and rotation of the fixed panels. There is
also provided a changing panel being a dial, or indicator by which is registered the
collective number of passengers for any given period. There is also a series of
changing panels which are marked with advertisements, for example of shops in the
locality being passed through and exhibited, or other advertisements. The entrance
and exit enumerating discs, the locality panel, the register and the advertising panels
are all worked in connection with each other as follows. For example in the case of
an omnibus having inside and outside passengers two fixed route panels are arranged
side by side the names of the streets, roads, or localities being placed one over the
other. One set being for the inside and one set being for the outside. The apparatus

page_text: may be divided, that part for indicating outside passengers being fixed outside. Each
panel of both series is provided at each end with a numeral disc containing the
numbers for example from zero to eighteen inclusive. These discs are mounted
loosely one over the other on a vertical spindle at each side of the collective locality
panels and serve one set of discs the entries of passengers at each locality and one set
of discs for the exit of passengers at each locality, the arrangement for the inside and
outside panels being identical. The changing locality panel is positioned over the
fixed panels and consists of a roller which is marked in rotation with the route of
localities corresponding with the localities marked on the fixed panels, the roller
exhibiting the change of localities through a window or aperture. Underneath the
fixed panels is a disc counter being a register of the number of passengers and under-
neath the register are a series of rollers on which are marked advertisements, which
are exhibited through windows or apertures. The actuating mechanism of the
apparatus consists of a central spindle provided with a screw thread and a travelling
screw nut. The upper portion of this screw spindle has a worm which operates a
worm wheel fixed on the spindle of the changing locality roller. Parallel with each
series of the locality numeral discs there is a vertical spindle having a continuous
keyway, or slot and on each spindle there is a travelling pawl connected to the spindle
by a key free to travel up and down the spindle. These travelling pawls are all
connected by a bar, or cross head to the travelling nut on the central spindle. Each
of the numeral discs is provided with a toothed or ratchet wheel into which the
travelling pawl gears, the parts being so adjusted that as by the central spindle being
turned to cause the changing locality panel to exhibit a certain locality the travelling
pawls are moved by the nut and cross head so as to gear with the ratchet wheels of
the numeral discs of the corresponding localities on the fixed panels. Then by turning
the pawl spindles the guard can revolve the numeral disc of the locality corresponding
with the locality through which the vehicle is then passing, for example he can cause
the numeral discs to record how many inside passengers entered and left the vehicle at
this locality and how many passengers entered and left the outside of the vehicle at
this locality, each locality being similarly taken in rotation and the numeral discs
leaving a true record of the distance travelled by passengers and thereby recording
the fares to be accounted for at the end of the journey. The numeral discs are as
before stated mounted loosely on their spindles. To prevent them wrongly turning
by friction, or otherwise they are provided with retaining springs, which lock, or hold
them in the position given by the pawls. The discs are separated from each other by
bosses, or ferrules fixed to them, each boss, or ferrule being provided with a tooth,
there being a corresponding tooth or pawl on the central spindle, so that at the end of
the journey, by turning the spindle all the discs can be set to zero. The lower end of
the central spindle is connected by means of toothed wheels, or equivalent gearing
to the spindles of the advertising rollers which are adjusted to work in unison with
the changing locality panel, so that as the locality changes the advertisement is also
changed.
The parts and mechanisms herein described are contained in a box, or frame which
is preferably hung on springs in the vehicle. The mechanism for actuating the
various moving devices in the apparatus consists of a pawl and ratchet motion which
is worked by the guard from the door of the vehicle the return being effected by
suitable springs. Separate actuators are used for the various changing parts of the
apparatus.
Dated this Sixth dox of Nawamba 1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Fare Checking and Advertising Apparatus for Use in Omnibuses.
I, JOHN HOPE, of 14 Water Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
According to this Invention there is provided an apparatus for use in omnibuses
and tramcars which will record the number of passengers carried, the distance travelled
by such passengers and fares paid by them, the locality at which passengers entered
and left the vehicle, the locality which the vehicle is passing through, the route of the
vehicle and in passing through such route to exhibit and change a series of advertise-
ments or notices, the apparatus being operated by the guard or attendant.
According to this invention there is provided a series, or multiple series of panels
containing in rotation the names of the streets, roads, or localities through which the
route of the vehicle lays; and a series of discs, wheels, rollers, or endless bands
arranged near the locality panels. These discs, or equivalent devices are marked with
a series of numerals beginning with zero and corresponding with the number of
passengers for which the inside or outside of the vehicle is licensed. Where the
vehicle is arranged for both inside and outside passengers the locality panels and discs
are arranged in double series, one being for the inside and one for the outside
passengers and each set of panels has a double series of discs, one for recording the
entry of passengers and the other for recording the exit of passengers. There is also
provided a changing locality panel, the localities being marked on a roller, endless
band, or like device and corresponding in names and rotation with the names and
rotation of the fixed panels. There is also provided a changing panel being a dial, or
indicator by which is registered the collective number of passengers for any given
period. There is also a series of changing panels which are marked with advertisements,
for example of shops in the locality being passed through, or other advertisements.
The entrance and exit enumerating discs, the locality panel and the advertising panels
are all worked in connection with each other as follows. For example in the case of
an omnibus having inside and outside passengers two fixed route panels are arranged
side by side, the names of the streets, roads, or localities being placed one over the
other. One set being for the inside and one set being for the outside. The apparatus
may be divided, that part for indicating outside passengers being fixed outside. Each
panel of both series is provided at each end with numeral discs containing the
numbers for example from zero to eighteen inclusive. These discs are mounted
loosely one over the other on a vertical spindle at each side of the collective locality

page_text: panels and serve one set of discs for the entries of passengers at each locality, and one
set of discs for the exit of passengers at each locality, the arrangement for the inside
and outside panels being identical. The changing locality panel is positioned over the
fixed panels and consists of a roller which is marked in rotation with the route of
localities corresponding with the localities marked on the fixed panels, the roller
exhibiting the change of localities through a window, or aperture. Underneath the
fixed panels is a disc counter being a register of the number of passengers and under-
neath the register are a series of rollers on which are marked advertisements which
are exhibited through windows, or apertures. The actuating mechanism of the
apparatus consists of a central spindle provided with a screw thread and a travelling
screw nut and crosshead. The upper portion of this screw spindle has a worm which
operates a worm wheel fixed on the spindle of the changing locality roller. Parallel
with each series of the locality numeral discs there is a vertical spindle having a
continuous keyway, or slot and on each spindle there is a travelling pawl connected
to the spindle by a key free to travel up and down the spindle. These travelling
pawls are all connected by a bar, or crosshead to the travelling nut on the central
spindle. Each of the numeral discs is provided with a toothed or ratchet wheel into
which the travelling pawl gears, the parts being so adjusted that by the central spindle
being turned to cause the changing locality panel to exhibit a certain locality the
travelling pawls are moved by the nut and crosshead so as to gear with the ratchet
wheels of the numeral discs of the corresponding localities on the fixed panels. Then
by turning the pawl spindles the guard can revolve the numeral disc of the locality
corresponding with the locality through which the vehicle is then passing, for example,
he can cause the numeral discs to record how many inside passengers entered and left
the vehicle at this locality and how many passengers entered and left the outside of
the vehicle at this locality, each locality being similarly taken in rotation and the
numeral discs giving a true record of the distance travelled by passengers and thereby
recording the fares to be accounted for at the end of the journey. The numeral discs
are as before stated mounted loosely on their spindles. To prevent them wrongly
turning by friction, or otherwise, they are provided with retaining pawls which lock,
or hold them in the position given by the movement pawls. The discs are separated
from each other by bosses, or ferrules fixed to the spindles each boss or ferrule being
provided with a tooth, there being a corresponding tooth or pawl on the disc wheel so
that at the end of the journey by turning the spindle all the discs can be set to zero.
The lower end of the central spindle is connected by means of toothed wheels, or
equivalent gearing to the spindles of the advertising rollers, which are adjusted to work
in unison with the changing locality panel, so that as the locality changes the advertise-
ment is also changed.
The parts and mechanisms herein described are contained in a box, or frame which
is preferably hung on springs in the vehicle. The mechanism for actuating the various
moving devices in the apparatus consists of a pawl and ratchet motion which is worked
by the guard from the door of the vehicle, the return being effected by suitable
springs. Separate actuators are used for the various changing parts of the apparatus.
That my Invention may be clearly understood I have hereunto annexed three sheets
of Drawings which are marked with figures and letters of reference corresponding
with those used in the following explanation, the same letters and figures being used
to denote the same parts throughout the Drawings.

page_text: Figure 5 is a side elevation illustrating the numeral discs and showing the means
for working them.
Figure 6 is a plan of the numeral discs.
Figure 7 is a side elevation of the locality panel changing device and reversing gear.
Figure 8 is a plan of the reversing gear.
The apparatus according to this Invention and the example shown in the Drawings
consists of a case A containing a duplex series of panels a having in rotation the names
of the streets, roads, or localities being the route of the omnibus. At each side of each
panel a there are windows and numeral discs mounted and worked as hereafter
described. The windows are marked a¹a² a³ a and the discs are marked 6 61 62 6³.
The discs represent inside passengers entering the vehicle, the discs b² represent
outside passengers getting on the vehicle, the discs 6' represent inside passengers
leaving the vehicle and the discs 63 represent outside passengers getting off the vehicle.
Above the panels a there is a changing locality panel c and local advertisement
panels c¹² the localities and advertisements being marked on a roller d worked as
hereafter described. 3 is a date panel and c a clock. e is a dial for registering the
collective number of passengers. The lower portion of the apparatus is devoted to a
series of changing advertisement panels f worked as hereafter described.
The numeral discs 66 62 68 are all of similar construction and for the purpose of
this Specification, it will be sufficient to describe one set as shown in detail at Figure 5.
The discs are carried from the case A by means of the spindle which is supported
by the brackets h¹. The discs bare of hollow construction and are loose on the
spindle h. Each disc is provided with a toothed wheel 6 and with a pawl 66 and on
the spindle between each disc there is a fast tooth piece ² and the spindle h is
provided with a key ³ by means of which and the tooth pieces h² and the pawls 6 the
discs can be set to zero. At the back of each set of discs there is a spindle i having a
keyway and across the back of the apparatus there is a crosshead which slides up,
or down the four spindles i. The spindles i turn freely in the crosshead k. On each
spindle i sliding in the keyway i¹ and capable of being moved up and down by the
crosshead & there is a double toothed pawl which gears into and works the toothed
wheels and thereby the discs b according to whichever wheel 6 the pawl / is then
opposite. Each spindle i is provided with a pawl wheel round which a chain, or cord i
is passed and led to the operator, and there are also provided wheels round which a
chain, or cord is passed to a regaining spring it. The crosshead k is carried and
worked up and down by a screwed spindle m operated one way by the pawl wheel m¹
worked by a chain, or cord n, there being provided a pawl wheel m² which works the
spindle in the opposite direction connected by a chain, or cord to a regaining spring m³.
The screw spindle m also carries a screw worm which works by means of a worm
wheel the changing locality and advertisement roller d. The turning of the spindle m
sounds the bell s. In order to impart a reverse motion to the crosshead k there is
provided, set in the back of the case A, a rod p having a vertical movement between
the brackets p'. The lower part of this rod is provided with a projecting arm p². The
end of this arm comes between the pawl wheels m¹ and m² so that by the movement
of the arm p² the pawl wheel m' or the pawl wheel m² can be put into gear with the
teeth or stop pieces o or of which are fastened onto the spindle m and through the teeth o
and o¹ being cut in the reverse direction they turn the spindle m in reverse directions
and so the crosshead k is moved up and down. To effect this reversing each end of
the rod p is provided with a spiral spring p³ and there are provided pivotted on the case A
triggers p which take onto stops p' on the arm p² or a block p² at the respective ends
of the rod b; thus for example as the screwed rod m works the crosshead k to the
bottom as shown in Figure 7 the backplate of the crosshead k comes in contact with
the trigger pt and releases it from the stop p³ and the spring p³ which is in compression
forces the rod p and thereby the arm p² downwards so that the arm p² moves the pawl
wheel m¹ out of gear with the tooth and places the pawl wheel m² in gear with the
tooth o' thus reversing the motion of the spindle m. When the crosshead has reached
the top position by coming in contact with the top spring p³ the rod p and the arm p²
are raised, which action throws the pawl wheel m³ out of gear with the tooth o¹ and

page_text: throws the pawl wheel m' in gear with tooth o thus again reversing the motion. The
turning of the discs bb² sounds bells t t¹ on the crosshead k.
The register dial e is a disc dial of ordinary construction and it is worked from the
spindles of the numeral discs 6 and 62 by means of the chains, or cords e¹ and the
levers and records each passenger that enters the vehicle inside, or outside.
The changing advertisement panels of consist and are worked as follows. The changing
advertisements are printed, or otherwise delineated on poli-sided, or circular rollers in
number to suit the depth of the apparatus). In the Drawings three square rollers f¹
are shown. Each roller is provided with a four toothed wheel and a pawl lever f³.
These pawl levers are worked by a sliding plate f* operated by a chain, or cord n¹
connected to the chain, or cord n which works the locality changing spindle m. The
actual movement of the rollers is given on the return stroke of the plate which is
caused by the bell crank lever f actuated by the spring fo. fi is an air buffer
cylinder and fare spring stops working on four sided bosses. The changing of the
rollers is thus steadied and the advertisements are held evenly in the aperture. Above
these changing advertisements are stationary advertisements, one of such being shown
in Figure 1 of the Drawings.
The operation of the apparatus is thus. Say the omnibus has started at the Pierhead
The conductor
and passed over the route in the order set out on the locality panels a.
has by pulling the chains for the inside, or outside respectively moved the discs b
and and recorded how many persons have got in and on the bus at each locality and
has also by pulling the chains connected with the spindles of the discs b¹ and 6³
recorded how many persons left the vehicle at each locality, the number of passengers
carried up to the point Lime Street (Figure 1) being 32 as recorded on the register.
After passing each locality the conductor by pulling the chain n has caused the
Over the
movement of the changing locality and advertisement panels c c¹ c².
advertisement panels the words "get off here for" direct attention to the advertisement.
Simultaneously with the movement of the changing locality panels cc¹ c² the lower
changing advertisement panels fare moved as previously described.
The apparatus is preferably mounted on springs at the front end and inside the
vehicle and the four chains and the chain n are led to handles at the entrance end of
the vehicle, the chains being so connected to the handles that three handles serve to
work the five chains namely one handle works the chain n and the other two handles
when moved one way work two of the chains and when moved the other work
the other two chains *.
way
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
First. In a bus check a changeable device for indicating the streets, or places
through which the bus passes in combination with a suitable mechanism for displaying
notices, or advertisements operating substantially in the manner set forth.
Second. The combination in a bus check of a fare registering device and a
mechanism for displaying notices and advertisements operating substantially in the
manner set forth.
Third. In a bus check a fare registering device consisting essentially of a number
of dials, each dial corresponding with a certain distance, or fare, and a mechanism such
as a pawl wheel, or equivalent device for actuating such dials arranged to operate such
dials in succession and record the locality of entrances substantially as set forth.
Fourth. In a bus check a fare registering device consisting essentially of a number
of dials, each dial corresponding with a certain distance, or fare and a mechanism such
as a pawl wheel, or equivalent device for actuating such dials arranged to record the
locality of exits substantially as set forth.
Fifth. The arrangement of fare registering mechanism as set forth with reference
to the Drawings consisting essentially of four sets of dials two of which being for
inside and two for outside passengers and one of each pair being-ono for getting in
and the other for getting out.

page_text: Sixth. The mechanism for actuating and operating the fare registering device as
claimed in Claim 3 consisting essentially of a worm and a crosshead working on such
worm carrying the dial actuating pawl, or wheel, or equivalent mechanisms substan-
tially as set forth.
Seventh. The mechanism for actuating and operating the fare registering device
as claimed in Claim 3 consisting essentially of a worm and a crosshead working on
such worm carrying the dial actuating pawl, or wheel, or equivalent mechanisins ;
and a reversing mechanism (substantially as described) by which the mechanism is set
for being used on the return route as set forth.