IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING PANS OR UTENSILS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Lloyd Wise, of 7, Whitehall, Place, in the City
of Westminster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING PANS OR
UTENSILS." A communication from abroad by Arno Kuntze, of Dresden,
Saxony, in the Empire of Germany.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by 'the said William Lloyd Wise at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th July 1880.
WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City of Westminster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING PANS OR UTENSILS." (A communication from
abroad by Arno Kuntze, of Dresden, Saxony, in the Empire of Germany.)
When roasting or frying meat in the usual closed roasting or frying pans,
without addition of water or fat, constant attention and careful regulation of the
heat are needful to prevent burning of the meat.
Now, this Invention is designed to obviate this inconvenience, and enable meat
to be roasted or fried without such constant attention, always supposing that the
meat is not exposed to extraordinary or unusual heat.
For this purpose the frying or roasting pan or vessel, according to this Invention,
has its bottom, or its bottom and sides, made double, and provided with an
interposed sheet or layer of material that is a non conductor or a bad conductor of
heat, such for example as asbestos, slag hair, or cinder hair, mica, argil, sand, ashes,
et cetera, and such vessels whilst in use are closed by tight covers.
In carrying out the Invention the pan may be made of sheet or cast iron or of
any other suitable material, and the bottom of the pan be slightly curved downward.
Underneath this bottom a sheet or plate of suitable thickness is inserted, of a
material which is a bad conductor of heat, and which sheet or plate is kept in
position by a second bottom of sheet iron or other suitable material.
Asbestos, such as that now manufactured and sold for tightening or as a packing
for steam pipes, and other purposes, is preferred for the sheet or layer interposed
between the upper and lower bottoms of the pan. The connection of the compound
bottom thus composed with the pan, is, in one arrangement effected as follows:-
The bottom of the upper portion of the pan is turned outward or flanged all round,
and the upper plate of the compound bottom is placed against such flange. A ring

page_text: of suitable section embraces the periphery of the compound bottom, and is turned
over or formed with a lip above the flange of the pan so as to hold the bottom in
place.
In the case of field or "camp" kettles, as used for military and other purposes,
the asbestos or other non conducting material may extend to the vertical or upright
sides of the vessel, the sides of the vessel being then also made double, and the
asbestos or other non conducting material interposed between such double sides.
Such a camp or field kettle, containing meat, may be put over the fire without
its being necessary to pay special attention to the roasting or frying of the meat.
Vessels, whether constructed with the non conducting material between the
bottoms only, or between both bottoms and sides, should be provided with tight
fitting covers during the process of cooking. The pans or kettles as described may
be of any suitable form in plan.
The asbestos or other non conducting material has the effect of tempering or
diminishing surplus heat that might otherwise cause the meat to burn.
The curved form of bottom is also advantageous in causing the gravy to collect
underneath the meat during the process of cooking.
Escape of gravy by evaporation is prevented by the close fitting cover.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Lloyd Wise in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th
January 1881.
WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City of Westminster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING PANS OR UTENSILS." (A communication from
abroad by Arno Kuntze, of Dresden, Saxony, in the Empire of Germany.)
When roasting or frying meat in the usual closed roasting or frying pans,
without addition of water or fat, constant attention and careful regulation of the
heat are needful to prevent burning of the meat.
Now this Invention is designed to obviate this inconvenience, and enable meat
to be roasted or fried without such constant attention, always supposing that the
meat is not exposed to extraordinary or unusual heat.
For this purpose the frying or roasting pan or vessel according to this Invention
has its bottom, or its bottom and sides, made double, and provided with an
interposed sheet or layer of material that is a non-conductor or a bad conductor of
beat, such, for example, as asbestos, slag hair, or cinder hair, mica, argil, sand, ashes,
etcetera, and such vessels whilst in use are closed by tight covers.
In carrying out the Invention the pan may be made of sheet or cast iron, or of any
other suitable material, and the bottom of the pan be slightly curved downwards.
Underneath this bottom a sheet or plate of suitable thickness is inserted of a
material which is a bad conductor of heat, and which sheet or plate is kept in
position by a second bottom of sheet iron or other suitable material.
Asbestos, such as that now manufactured and sold for tightening, or as a packing
for steam pipes, and other purposes, is preferred for the sheet or layer interposed
between the upper and lower bottoms of the pan. The connection of the compound
bottom thus composed with the pan is, in one arrangement, effected as follows:-
The bottom of the upper portion of the pan is turned outward or flanged all
round, and the upper plate of the compound bottom is placed against such flange;
a ring of suitable section embraces the periphery of the compound bottom, and is
turned over or formed with a lip above the flange of the pan so as to hold the
pottom in place.
Referring to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, Fig. 1 represents a vertical
sectional elevation of an improved cooking pan or utensil according to this
Invention, and Fig. 2 a borizontal section of the same in line x, y.
A is the curved bottom formed of two sheets or plates of metal e and c, divided
by a layer d of non-conducting material; E is the lid constructed with a taper
ring F, which can be wedged into the opening of the pan to form a tight joint;
G, G, are strengthening rings; H, H, handles. The compound bottom is secured
between two rings which form the wall of the vessel; the upper ring J is flanged,
and the lower one K has a recess at f, which serves to receive the compound bottom,
the edge of such recess being turned over the flange of the ring J to secure the
bottom firmly between the two rings.
Instead of combining ring K with the pan, as shown in Fig. 1, this ring may
be made a separate piece, carrying and being combined with the two curved or
straight sheets of iron c and e, between which the layer of asbestos or other non-
conducting material is interposed. In this case the ring K with its upper
surface C forms a stand upon which any suitable vessel with single bottom (i.e., with
ordinary bottom) may be placed for cooking purposes. As will be readily under-
stood, this modification has for its object to constitute a stand with a surface that
will not readily conduct heat, upon which ordinary cooking pans may be put, for
the purpose of boiling, cooking, or roasting, without danger of damaging the meat
or other contents of the vessel or pan by excess of heat.

page_text: "
Figs. 3 and 4 shew, in vertical and horizontal section respectively, a field or
camp" kettle, as used for military and other purposes. In this case the asbestos,
or other non-conducting material, extends to the vertical or upright sides of the
vessel, the sides of the vessel being also made double, and the asbestos or other
non-conducting material interposed between such double sides, as shewn.
Such a camp or field kettle containing meat may be put over the fire without its
being necessary to pay special attention to the roasting or frying of the meat.
Vessels, whether constructed with the non-conducting materials between the bottoms
only, or between both bottoms and sides, should be provided with tight fitting
covers during the process of cooking. The pans or kettles, as described, may be of
any suitable form in plan.
The asbestos, or other non-conducting material, has the effect of tempering or
diminishing surplus heat that might otherwise cause the meat to burn.
The curved form of bottom (Fig. 1) is also advantageous in causing the gravy to
collect underneath the meat during the process of cooking.
Escape of gravy by evaporation is prevented by the close fitting cover.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner in which
it is to be or may be carried into effect, I would have it understood that what
I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as secured to me by the
Letters Patent hereinbefore in part recited is,-
(1). In a cooking pan or utensil for frying or roasting meat provided with a
tightly fitting cover, forming the outwardly curved bottom double, with an
interposed layer of asbestos, or other material that is a non-conductor of heat,
substantially as described.
(2). In a cooking pan or utensil for frying or roasting meat, having a tightly
fitting cover, the combination of a double bottom with interposed asbestos or other
material that is a non-conductor of heat, and double sides with interposed asbestos
or other material that is a non-conductor of heat, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Lloyd Wise, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty eighth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.