IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN COMBINATION WITH PARTS OF GAS AND LAMP FITTINGS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Tyerman, of 88, Gracechurch Street, in
the City of London, Architect and Surveyor, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN COMBINATION WITH PARTS OF
GAS AND LAMP FITTINGS."
Sealed the 16th September 1864, and dated the 23rd March 1864..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Tyerman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
. March 1864.
I, FREDERICK TYERMAN, of 88, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London,
Architect and Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN COMBINATION WITH PARTS OF GAS
AND LAMP FITTINGS."
The improved apparatus consists of a ring of plain or perforated metal, talc,
or other incombustible material, having its edge or edges flat, turned, or
soothed, and having fixed, if found necessary, on the under side á piece or
pieces of asbestos or other material of the like nature. To this ring is attached,
by metal straps or other approved means, a piece or pieces of plain or, "per-
forated metal, talc, or other incombustible material of a flat, conical, elliptical,
or inverted semispherical form, having, by preference, horns or projections on
the edges or other parts of the same, such piece being of smaller diameter
than the interior of the chimney of the lamp or gas burner. The ring of the

page_text: apparatus is to be applied to the top of the ordinary chimnies, glasses, or
fittings of gas or other artificial lights whilst the other portion is suspended
within the chimney, or glass, or fitting, and being of smaller diameter, a clear
space or opening is left between the outer edges or surface of the suspended
portions and the inner surface of the chimney, or glass, or fitting with which
it may be used. If preferred, the ring may be dispensed with and the internal
suspended portion of the apparatus may be hung from the edge of the chimney
or kept in its place by hooks, spring clips, or otherwise. One object of the
Invention is to obtain an increased illuminating power from a given con-
sumption of gas or other artificial light by directing the draught from the
centre towards the sides of the chimney, glass, or fitting.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick. Tyerman in, the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd September 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
TYERMAN, of 38, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London, Architect and
Surveyor, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Frederick Tyerman, Her special license that I, the said Frederick
Tyerman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Frederick Tyerman, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and .Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS TO BE USED IN COMBINATION WITH PARTS OF GAS AND LAMP FITTINGS,'
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederick Tyerman, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, or under the hand and seal of one of them, should particularly. describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months.next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Tyerman, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to a peculiar apparatus for increasing the illumi.
nating power of artificial light, which apparatus consists of a ring of plain or
perforated metal, talc, or other incombustible material, having its edge or
edges flat, turned, or soothed, and having fixed, if found necessary, on the
under side, a piece or pieces of asbestos or other material of the like nature.
To this ring is attached, by metal straps or other approved means, a piece or
pieces of plain or perforated metal, talc, or other incombustible material of a
flat, conical, round, elliptical, or inverted semispherical form, having, by.pre-
ference horns or projections on the edges or other parts of the same, such
piece being of smaller diameter than the interior of the chimney of the lamp
or gas burner. The ring of the apparatus is to be applied to the top of the
ordinary chimnies, glasses, or fittings of gas or other artificial lights, whilst
the other portion is suspended within the chimney, or glass, or fitting, and
being of smaller diameter, a clear space or opening is left between the outer
edges or surface of the suspended portion and the inner surface of the chimney,
ör glass, or fitting, with which it may be used. If preferred the ring may be
dispensed with and the internal suspended portion of the apparatus may be
hung from the edge of the chimney or kept in its place by hooks, spring
clips, or otherwise. One object of this Invention is to obtain an increased
illuminating power from a given consumption of gas or other artificial light by
directing the draught from the centre towards the sides of the chimney, glass,
or fitting.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose I shall
refer to the Figures on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, the same letters
of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the Figures.
Fig. 1 of my Drawings represents a plan of the ring or upper part of the
apparatus; Fig. 2 is a plan of the apparatus complete, shewing both the disc
and ring, and looking upon the under side thereof; and Fig. 3 represents a
vertical section taken through the centre of the apparatus and chimney in and
upon which it is fitted.
A is a horizontal ring of metal, talc, or other incombustible material, either
solid or perforated, but I prefer it perforated. The width of this ring A will
vary according to the requirements of the case, but I prefer it to be about

page_text: one-sixth part of the inner diameter of the chimney, or glass, or fitting B,
with which it is to be combined, arrangements being made for forming a
space ff, between the under side of the horizontal ring A and the top edge
9,9, of the chimney, or glass, or fitting B, by turning portions a of the outer
edge of the ring in such a manner as to form supports and allow it by these
means to rest on the top edge of the chimney, or glass, or fitting, as shewn in
Fig. 3; or the same result may be obtained and the necessary space afforded
by corrugating or indenting the ring, or by fixing separate pieces of metal,
talc, asbestos, or other incombustible material, of suitable form, to the under
side of the horizontal ring, as before described. The space alluded to will
vary according to circumstances, but I prefer it to be about one-fifteenth of the
inner diameter of the chimney, or glass, or fitting, with which the apparatus
may be connected. To the ring A is suspended or attached, by means of
straps or stirrups of metal c, or other incombustible material of suitable length,
a disc C of metal, talc, or other incombustible material, either solid or perforated
(but. I prefer it to be perforated), and the disc or part C may be either flat,
conical, elliptical, or inverted, semispherical, or other form, but I prefer it to
be flat, and of a diameter of about one-fourth part less than the inner diameter
of the chimney, or glass, or fitting B, and by preference having horns or pro-
jections & formed on its outer edge, such horns, arms, or projections being in
length each about two-thirteenths of the diameter of the disc, so that it may
fit easily within the chimney, or glass, or fitting, a clear equal air space e, e,
being by this means secured between the outer edge of the suspended disc or
part C and the inner surface of the chimney, or glass, or fitting. The hori-
zontal ring A first described is to be applied to and made to rest by the
supports mentioned on the top edge of the ordinary chimney, or glass, or fitting,
as shown in Fig. 3, whilst the disc C, secondly described, is suspended nearly or
quite on a level with the top of the chimney, or glass, or fitting, or to such
other depths within as may be found desirable, but I prefer it to be at a depth
equal to about one-fifth of the inner diameter of the chimney, or glass, or
fitting, with which it may be combined. The ring portion A, to which I
make no separate claim apart from its combination with the disc C, may be
omitted altogether, or used without the supports a, a, and the disc C can be
suspended from the edge of the chimney, or glass, or fitting, by hooks, spring
clips, or otherwise, but the apparatus complete as described is preferred. In
the apparatus described a free air space f,f, is obtained between the horizontal
ring A and the top edge g, g, of the chimney, or glass, or fitting, and another
free air space e, e, is left between the outer edge of the disc C and the inner
surface of the chimney, or glass, or fitting, the suspended disc causing the

page_text: draught or current of air to be directed from the centre to the sides of the
chimney, or glass, or fitting, and an increased illuminating power from a given
consumption of gas or other artificial light is obtained, perfect combustion
insured, and the light rendered perfectly steady and free from reddish hue.
This apparatus will also be found to act as a smoke consumer.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
Firstly, the general construction and arrangement of combined apparatus
for increasing the illuminating power of artificial light, substantially as herein.
before described.
Secondly, the application and use to and in parts of gas and lamp fittings of
an apparatus which is so applied and constructed as to direct the upward
current of air or draught from the centre towards the surface of the inside of
the chimney, or glass, or fitting, substantially in the manner and for the
purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Tyerman, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of September, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-four.