Improvements in Electrical Motors.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Feb., 1892-Accepted, 9th Apr., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electrical Motors.
A communication from WILLIAM JOSEPH STILL, of Toronto, County of York,
Province of Ontario, Canada, Repairer of Type-writers.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
M.I.M.E., do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The invention relates to that class of electrical motors in which a series of arma-
tures are connected to the driving shaft and are surrounded by a series of magnets
the magnetizing and demagnetizing of which causes the revolving of the shaft to
which the armatures are connected and the object of the present invention is to
construct the motor that any delay in the demagnetizing of the magnet after it has
performed its duty shall not detain or check the revolving of the shaft and it
consists essentially in journalling the armatures upon the driving shaft and con-
necting it thereto by means of a disc fixed to the shaft having pins projecting from
it in front of each armature, a spring or springs being arranged to hold the
armature against its pin in such a manner that should the demagnetizing of the
magnet be momentarily delayed, the detaining of its armature will not check
the revolving of the shaft on which the armature is journalled.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the side of the motor on which the commutator is
located.
Fig. 2 is an elevation of the opposite side of the motor.
In the drawing A represents the driving shaft and B the armature which as
indicated are four in number arranged on a spider journalled upon the shaft A.
C is a disc fixed to the shaft A and having four pins D projecting from it one
before each armature B. Each armature B may be provided with a spring E or a
single spring might be arranged to accomplish the desired purpose which is to hold
each armature B against its particular pin D.
F is a commutator which is fixed to the shaft A.
The magnets Garranged around the armatures B are held in a suitably constructed
frame as indicated and in number should be not less than ten for four armatures
and are arranged in pairs in connection with the commutator F as hereinafter
described in such a manner that one pair of magnets shall be fully magnetized, two
pairs fully demagnetized, one pair in process of being magnetized and one pair in
process of being demagnetized, which proportion it is found gives the best results.
As all the magnets & are connected to the commutator in the same manner it
will only be necessary for the purpose of this Specification to explain how one pair
is connected.
On reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the current enters the motor through
the north terminal a which connects with the binding post H from which binding
post the brush I projects to the commutator F. There being ten magnets arranged
in pairs there are necessarily five brushes J each projecting to the commutator
from its respective binding post.
As it is proposed to explain the connection of only one pair of magnets I only
letter one of the binding posts K from which binding post the wire L extends to a
point in the frame M opposite to the magnet G marked also B' with one leg of
which magnet the said wire L connects. On reference to Fig. 2 it will be seen
that this wire L passes through the opposite side of the frame M and is continued
around the frame to the magnet opposite to B3' and connected to one of its legs so
that the current shall pass through the said magnet and again pass through the
frame M by the wire L to the binding post N of the south terminal o thus com-

page_text: pleting the circuit.
Each of the magnets is independently connected to the
commutator in exactly the same way as the magnet B' and its mate and the
commutator is constructed so that in succession each pair of magnets shall be
magnetized at the same time that two pairs are demagnetized one pair in the act
of being magnetized and one pair in the act of being demagnetized, and owing to
the manner in which the armatures are connected to the driving shaft A, any delay
or hesitation in the demagnetizing immediately after they have performed their
work when magnetized, the said delay which of course would be very slight, will
not check in the slightest degree the free rotation of the shaft A.
The armatures are spoken of as being constructed in the form of a spider but of
course it will be understood that this construction is not obligatory, as they may
be made in any form and arranged in any manner so long as they are loose upon
the shaft A and are connected so that they will operate in the manner already
described. My correspondent also wishes to disclaim any intention of confining
himself to the arrangement of the pius D on the disc C as any means by which the
armatures may be connected so that they may move freely in one direction and
their motion arrested if moved in the opposite direction will answer the purpose of
this invention.
Of course it will be understood that the magnets might be connected to the
shaft in the manner described and the armatures arranged around to take the place
of the magnets. I therefore wish it to be understood that the claims are intended
to include the transposing of these elements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and in what manner
the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is,―
1. In an electric rotary motor in which the magnets are arranged in a circle
around the shaft an armature or armatures loosely journalled on the said shaft and
connected thereto in such a manner that should the demagnetizing of the magnetized
magnets be momentarily delayed the detaining of its armature shall not check the
revolving of the said shaft substantially as and for the purpose specified.
2. In an electric rotary motor a series of magnets clectrically connected together
in pairs and arranged around a shaft on which an armature or armatures are
loosely journalled in combination with means for connecting the said armature or
armatures in such a manner that should the demagnetizing of the magnetized
magnets be momentarily delayed, the delaying of its armatures will not check the
revolving of the said shaft substantially as and for the purpose specified.
3. In an electric rotary motor a series of magnets electrically connected together
in pairs around armatures loosely journalled in the shaft and elastically held
against a stop on the shaft in such a manner that they can move freely in one
direction substantially as and for the purpose specified.
4. In an electric rotary motor a series of magnets electrically connected together
in pairs around an armature connected to a shaft in combination with a commutator
constructed and connected to the magnets in such a manner that one pair of
magnets will be fully magnetized and one pair in the act of being magnetized
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 9th day of February 1892.