A CONVOLVING IRON AXLETREE FOR THE REDUCTION OF FRICTION AND ANIMAL LABOUR, BY THE APPLICATION OF WHICH WHEELS OF CARRIAGES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION ARE PREVENTED FROM COMING OFF WHILST TRAVELLING, AND CARRIAGES ARE DRAWN WITH LESS ANIMAL LABOUR
Year: 1816

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BENNETT, of the City of Bristol, Iron Founder, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Third, in and by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twentieth day of June last, for Himself, His heirs, and
successors, did give and grant unto me, the said John Bennett, His special
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said John Bennett,
my exors, admors, and assigns, and every of them, by myself and themselves,
or by my and their deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as
I, the said John Bennett, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others; from time to time and at all times thereafter,
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend my Invention of "A CONVOLVING IRON AXLETREE FOR THE
REDUCTION OF FRICTION AND ANIMAL LABOUR, BY THE APPLICATION OF WHICH
WHEELS OF CARRIAGES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION ARE PREVENTED FROM COMING OFF
WHILST TRAVELLING, AND CARRIAGES ARE DRAWN WITH LESS ANIMAL LABOUR,"
within that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called
England, the Dominion of Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
and in His Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, in such manner as I,
my exors, admors, or assigns, or any of them, should in my or their
discretions seem meet, and that I, my exors, admors, and assigns, should and
lawfully might have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity, and
advantage from time to time coming, growing, accruing, and arising by reason

page_text: of the said Invention, for and during the term of years therein mentioned;
to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence, power, privileges, and
advantages therein-before granted or mentioned to be granted unto me, the
said John Bennett, my exors, adiñiors, and, assigns, for and during the term
of fourteen years from the date thereof, and fully to be complete and ended;
in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the
said John Bennett, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Thvention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, and cause the same to be inrolled
in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar monthis next
and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and
by the same, reference being thereto had, will more fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Bennett, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by the Plans or
Drawings in the margiu of these Presents, and the following description thereof
(that is to say):-.
My convolving axles are made of wrought iron in two parts or arms, with
two metal or other bearings, or otherwise with 'metal tubes or boxes to be
attached to the pillar of any carriages by bolts and screws, or iron hoops, or
by any other suitable method. The naves of wheels I make of cast iron,, or
any other suitable material, the arm fixed or made fast to the nave with a bolt
as described in the Drawings, or by any other suitable method. The axle
arms are made as long as the breadth of the carriage will admit, so that the
screws at the end of the boxes do not touch in the centre; the longer-the, arm
the less the friction and more steady the carriage. The bearing is but three
inches (more or less) near the shoulder, and two inches (more or less)- at the
small end; this must be guided by the width of the carriage., The, middle
space of the arm runs clear from any friction, and does not touch the box or
tube. At the end of the tube or bearing is a screw that forces a piece of cast
steel or any other hard substance against the point, or end of the axle arm, or
otherwise against the arm itself, by which means the friction at the back of
the nave of the wheel, and the box or tube or bearing is dispensed with. At
the end of the tube or box is a screw hole for supplying the axle with oil.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, the Fourteenth
day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixteen.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourteenth day of August,
in the year of our Lord 1816, the aforesaid John Bennett came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statutes made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Fifteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixteen.

page_text: Is a representation of the Bar or Tube fired to a Wooden Pillar
er Case of any Carriage by Iran hoops or Coupling bolts.
Is a representation of the Arm fixed in two bearings made eith
of brass er any other suitable material with hoops and screw bolts.
Is a representation of the bolt that fastens the Iron Nave to
the Arm represents the Linch Pin is a screw bolt
that must occasionally be served up as the arm wastes at the
and by use but can be disused by casting a piece of Stech at
the end of the Tubes er Box for the Arm to work, against.
Is the Iren heeps or Coupling bolts.
To the Pa