ComPOSITIONS OR COMBINATIONS OF MATERIALS APPLICABLE FOR THE GREASING OF THE AXLE BEAR- INGS OF CARRIAGES, AND THE AXLE SPINDLES AND BEARING PARTS OF MACHINERY IN GENERAL, WHICH I INTEND TO DENOMINATE THE PATENT AXLE GREASE AND LUBRICATING FLUID
Year: 1835

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
BOOTH, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth, by.
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fourteenth day of April, in the fifth year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the
said Henry Booth, His especial licence, that I, the said Henry Booth, my
exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry Booth, my
exors, admors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "ComPOSITIONS
OR COMBINATIONS OF MATERIALS APPLICABLE FOR THE GREASING OF THE AXLE BEAR-
INGS OF CARRIAGES, AND THE AXLE SPINDLES AND BEARING PARTS OF MACHINERY
IN GENERAL, WHICH I INTEND TO DENOMINATE THE PATENT AXLE GREASE AND
LUBRICATING FLUID;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a pro-
viso, obliging me, the said Henry Booth, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the
same to be enrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said recited

page_text: Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Henry Booth, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is described and ascertained
as follows, that is to say:-
My "patent axle grease and lubricating fluid" are chemical compounds of
oil, tallow, or other grease and water, effected by means of the admixture of
soda or other alkaline substance in such proportions that the compounds shall
not be of a caustic or corrosive nature when applied to iron or steel, but of an
unctuous greasy quality, easily fusible with heat, and suitable for greasing
the axle bearings of carriage wheels, or the axles, spindles, and bearings of
machinery in general; and the proportions of the ingredients for the said com-
pounds, and the method of compounding them, which I recommend as suitable
for the above purposes are as follows:-For the axle grease suitable for
carriage axles, and particularly for the axles of every description of railway
carriages, a solution of soda in water (the common washing soda of the shops)
in the proportion of half a pound weight of soda to a gallon of pure water;
to one gallon of this solution add three pounds of good clean tallow and six
pounds of palm oil, or instead of the mixture of tallow and palm oil, add ten
pounds of palm oil or eight pounds of tallow (the tallow being of a stiffer
nature than palm oil). The said tallow and palm oil or either of them, and
the solution as described, must be heated together in some convenient vessel to
about two hundred degrees or two hundred and ten degrees of Fahrenheit, and
then the whole mass must be well mixed and stirred up together, and be
agitated without ceasing till the composition be cooled down to sixty or seventy
degrees of Fahrenheit, and have obtained its consistency, which will be that of
grease or butter, in which state it will be ready for use and may be applied in
the way in which grease is usually applied to machinery.
For the "lubricating fluid," which also is applicable to the rubbing parts of
machinery (and particularly to the spindles of pullies on inclined planes
moving on wooden bearings), I recommend to be taken of the aforesaid solu-
tion of soda in water, one gallon; of rape oil, one gallon; and of tallow or
palm oil, one quarter of a pound weight; heat them together to two hundred
degrees or two hundred and ten degrees of Fahrenheit, and then let the fluid
composition be well stirred about and agitated without intermission till cooled
down to sixty or seventy degrees, when it will be of the consistency of cream,
or, if a thicker consistency be desired, a small addition to the tallow or palm
oil may be admitted; and in all cases it is advantageous to shake or stir up the
mixture immediately before using it.

page_text: Now, though I have given the foregoing proportions of ingredients as
suitable under ordinary circumstances, I do not mean to limit the Invention to
these precise mixtures, as according to the temperature of the weather or the
particular purpose to which it may be applied, a little more tallow or other
grease or oil and less of the solution may be desirable, or slight alterations in
the quantity of soda for the solution, or in the relative proportions of tallow and
palm oil or other grease may be found advantageous, a larger proportion of soda
in the solution, and a larger quantity of tallow in proportion to the solution,
rendering the compound stiffer and less easily fusible in hot weather; all
which modifications of my patent compounds will be easily adjusted by the
superintendants of the machinery to which they may be applied.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Booth, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Second day of June, in the year of our Lord One