Improvements in Means for Preventing Joint Pins and the like from becoming Displaced and Nuts from Running off their Bolts when in Use.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 31st July, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 30th Apr., 1891-Accepted, 30th May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Preventing Joint Pins and the like
from becoming Displaced and Nuts from Running off their Bolts
when in Use.
I HENRY CLIFTON CARVER of 3 Cross Street, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be is
follows:-
The projecting ends of bolts joint pins and the like have grooves formed in them,
and pieces of metal are placed in these grooves and there retained so as to be
partly within the grooves and partly to project beyond the periphery of the bolts
joint pins or the like. These pieces projecting as described and being prevented
by the sides of the grooves from moving endwise along the bolts joint pins or the
like act as checks for preventing the displacement, when in use, of the nuts joint
pins or the like as the case may be. The check pieces may be formed and con-
structed so as to be easily removeable and replaceable in case of need. According
to one arrangement they may be made as spring clips which partly or wholly
embrace the bolts joint pins or the like at the part which is reduced to form the
grooves.
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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Preventing Joint Pins and the like
from becoming Displaced and Nuts from Running off their Bolts
when in Use.
I, HENRY CLIFTON CARVER, of 3 Cross Street, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
For preventing nuts from running off their bolts and for preventing disconnection
between joint pins and the like and the parts in which they fit it has been customary
to drill holes diametrally through the projecting ends of bolts, joint pins, and the
like and to insert in such holes either split cotter pins, or (as has perhaps more
particularly been the practice in the case of spur wheels running upon studs) taper
pins. Portions of such split cotter pins and such taper pins have been regularly
inade to project beyond the holes in which they are fitted and these projecting
portions prevent such displacements as are described above, of the parts required
to be kept in connection with each other. The customary expedients here referred
to are open to various objections and amongst others that the holes are com-
paratively costly and difficult to drill and form accurately and that the projecting
parts of the split cotter pins and taper pins in many cases interfere with the
operation of cleaning about them.
According to my invention such holes as have been above referred to in bolts
joint pins, and the like are dispensed with grooves are formed in the projecting
ends of the bolts joint pins and the like and clips of metal suitably formed are
placed in these grooves and grasp the same and are there retained so as to be
partly within the grooves and partly to project beyond the periphery of the bolts,
joint pins or the like. These clips projecting as described and being prevented by
the sides of the grooves from moving endwise along the bolts, joint pins or the
like, act as checks for preventing the displacement, when in use, of the bolt nuts
[ᎠᎪᏗ 'I

page_text: joint pins or the like as the case may be. The clips may be formed and constructed
so as to be easily removeable and replaceable in case of need. With this system
of clips the objections referred to as appertaining to split cotter pins and taper
pins are either quite avoided or greatly mitigated.
17
The grooves are comparatively easy and cheap to make; cleaning about the
clips is easy; they can be sprung into position accurately and instantaneously even
by unskilled persons and this operation suffices to fix them quite, securely. They
can be readily removed when required and the operations of removing and replacing
them may be performed time after time without injury to them.
In the accompanying drawings Figs. A and B are views of. a. knuckle joint
connecting two rods 1. 2. The connection is effected by means of, a joint pin 3
having a head 4 at one end, and a groove 5 formed in it near the other end which
projects through the fork of the rod 1. In the groove 5 a piece of metal 6 forming
a spring clip is applied so as to hold on to the pin 3 by clasping it at the bottom of
the groove for rather more than one half of the circumference of the pin about
two thirds to three fourths of the circumference, according to circumstances, I find
to be a suitable proportion. Fig. C is a detached view of the pin 3 and Figs. D
and E are detached views of the spring clip 6. When the spring clip is in position
as in Figs. A and B its parts 7, 7, 7 project outwards beyond the periphery of the
pin 3, and its remaining parts lie within the groove 6, the sides of which consequently
prevent the spring clip from being moved end wise along the pin, while the
projecting parts 7, 7, 7 by coming into contact with the fork of the rod 1, prevent
the pin from being displaced from the joint. The clip should be made so that it may
close upon and firmly clasp the bed of the groove when it has been placed into
position. The clip may be made of steel or other suitable metal, which may be
rendered sufficiently elastic for the purpose by drawing, rolling, or other known
means, and sometimes if made of steel the clip may be hardened and tempered to
give it the required elasticity. I prefer that the clip should be made with its
internal diameter rather, less than that of the bottom of the groove in order to
make sure that it shall clasp the pin firmly when in position.
Figs. Fand are views of a bolt and nut in which the nut is prevented from
running off the bolt by a spring clip 6 (like that already described with reference
to Figs. A B D E) set in a groove 5 formed in the end of the bolt projecting
beyond the nut. Sometimes the grooves for the clips may be formed when casting
or forging the parts to be grooved instead of by subsequently cutting the grooves.
The clips may be made in various forms another of which is shown in Fig. H.
This form is specially applicable to cases in which the clips are wanted to be of an
extra thickness, as the comparatively greater length of strip required to form the
corrugations shewn compensates for the increased rigidity of the clip due to its
extra thickness. The number of corrugations may be varied as required. Although
I prefer that the clips should as already described, grasp or clasp the beds of the
grooves to which they are applied, this condition is not always essential, as in many
cases the clips will answer their purpose sufficiently well if they ride slackly on
the bed of the groove, always provided that they encircle the bed closely enough
to ensure their being retained in position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I claim :-
The application and use in conjunction with bolts, joint pins and the like having
grooves formed therein of clips placed in such grooves and there retained so as to
be partly within the grooves and partly to project beyond the periphery of the
bolts, joint pins or the like substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described.
Dated this 20th day of A 1001
HENRY CLIFTON CARVER.