Improvements in or Connected with Apparatus for Shearing or Cutting the Wool or Hair of Animals.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 12th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 15th Jan., 1889
Improvements in or Connected with Apparatus for Shearing or
Cutting the Wool or Hair of Animals.
I, FREDERIC ROSE, Dentist of The Grove Bebington, in the County of Chester
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to that class of instruments which are used for shearing or
cutting the wool, or hair of animals, more particularly sheep and horses, and known
as "clippers," and my Invention consists in an apparatus having the following parts
hereafter more particularly described.
An adjustable metal plate having a circular, or curved front and provided with
teeth in the form of a comb. A rotatory cutter mounted on and free to revolve on
the face of such comb. A "flexible" shaft for rotating the cutter and connected by
means of toothed wheel, or other gearing, or direct to the said cutter.
A handle
for holding the instrument. A spring and anti friction roller, or equivalent device
for holding the cutter up to the face of the comb. In addition to these parts a box,
or cap for enclosing the working parts of the apparatus may be employed.
As an example of apparatus according to this Invention, the comb is carried by a
bracket from the handle to which it is connected by screws passing through
elongated holes and whereby the position of the comb in relation to the cutter can be
adjusted so that the extent of the cut can be altered to suit circumstances.
I construct the cutter of the instrument herein described in such a manner, or
form that in clipping animals (particularly those having long wool, or hair) the teeth,
or cutter will not clog. This may be effected in one way by providing the cutter with
say one, two, three, four, five, or six teeth, such teeth being of any suitable form and
size. That is to say I provide the cutter with comparatively few teeth. But if the
cutter is provided with cutting teeth in multiple as usual in this type of apparatus,
then in such a case, the teeth are made of small depth only. The teeth in either case
are most conveniently formed upon the periphery of a disc, the inner, or working face
of which is made concave so as to form a reservoir for lubricant.
The "flexible" shaft is by preference connected to a spindle which passes through
the handle of the apparatus and is provided with a toothed bevel wheel which gears

page_text: into a toothed bevel wheel on the cutter spindle, the gear being enclosed in a cap
inside which there is placed the spring with an anti friction roller or equivalent device
to keep the cutter.
In operation the flexible shaft is connected to and driven by any suitable means
such as a manual, animal, or other power motor.
Dated this 10th day of February 1900
Outting the Wool or Hair of Animals.
I, FREDERIO ROSE of The Grove, Bebington, in the County of Chester, Dentist,
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to that class of instruments which are used for shearing or
cutting the hair or wool of animals, more particularly sheep and horses, and known
as "clippers," and my invention consists in an apparatus having the following parts
hereafter more particularly described.
An adjustable metal plate having a circular or curved front and provided with
teeth in the form of a comb. A rotary cutter mounted on and free to revolve on the
face of such comb. A "flexible" shaft for rotating the cutter, and connected by
means of toothed wheel or other gearing or direct to the said cutter. A handle for
holding the instrument. A spring and anti-friction roller, or equivalent device for
holding the cutter up to the face of the comb. In addition to these parts a box or
cap for enclosing the working parts of the apparatus may be employed.
As an example of apparatus according to this invention, the comb is carried by a
bracket from the handle to which it is connected by screws passing through elongated
holes and whereby the position of the comb in relation to the cutter can be adjusted
so that the extent of the cut can be altered to suit circumstances.
I construct the cutter of the instrument herein described in such a manner or form that
in clipping animals (particularly those having long wool, or hair) the teeth or cutter
will not clog. This may be effected in one way by providing the cutter with say one,

page_text: two, three, four, five or six teeth, such teeth being of any suitable form and size.
That is to say I provide the cutter with comparatively few teeth. But if the cutter is
provided with cutting teeth in multiple, as usual in this type of apparatus, then in
such a case the teeth are made of small depth only. The teeth in either case are most
conveniently formed upon the periphery of a disc, the inner or working face of which
is made concave so as to form.a reservoir for lubricant.
The "flexible" shaft is by preference connected to a spindle which passes
through the handle of the apparatus and is provided with a toothed bevel wheel
which gears into a toothed bevel wheel on the cutter, the gear being enclosed in a
cap inside which there is placed the spring with an anti-friction roller or equivalent
device to keep the cutter up to the comb.
In operation the flexible shaft is connected to and driven by any suitable means
such as a manual, animal or other power motor.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood, and to enable those skilled
in the art to which it belongs to put the same in practice I have hereunto annexed
two sheets of Drawings which make a part of this Specification, and are illustrative
of my invention. The Drawings are marked with figures and letters of reference
corresponding with those used in the following explanation, like letters and figures
being used to denote the same or corresponding parts throughout the various views
and figures.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an apparatus according to my invention drivon
by toothed wheels from the flexible shaft.
Figure 2 is a plan of the apparatus shown at Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of an apparatus according to my invention driven
direct from the flexible shaft.
Figure 4 is a plan of the apparatus shown at Figure 3.
The apparatus, with reference to Figures 1 and 2, is constructed as follows :-a is a
metal plate having a circular front and provided with teeth 6 in the form of a comb ;
c is a rotary cutter mounted on a spindle c' fixed on the face of the plate a, the cutter
being free to revolve on said face. On the rotary cutter c there is fixed a toothed
wheel d and this wheel d gears into and is driven by another toothed wheel e carried
on the end of a spindle h which passes through and is carried by the handle i of the
apparatus which handle i is connected to the plate a by the brackets, P. By making
the attachment of the brackets, to the plate a adjustable and the position of the
spindle c¹ on the plate a also adjustable as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the position of
the cutter c can be adjusted in relation to the teeth 6 of the comb plate a, and the
cut altered to meet circumstances. Over and to cover the wheels d, e there is a cap
which slides in guides on the bracket, the under side of this cap k bears on the
face of the cutter c. The spindle c' passes through the end of the cap k and is
provided with a spring m which presses on the cap k, the pressure being regulated by
the nut thus the cap k serves to hold the cutter c onto the face of the comb plate a.
The spindle h is free to revolve in the handle i and its outer end is connected to a
flexible shafts by which the apparatus is driven from any suitable motor.
k
The cutter & Figures 1 and 2 has four cutting teeth but I do not confine myself to
this number as it may have more or less, but for clipping animals having long wool
or hair I prefer that the teeth should be few in number so as not to clog. The cutting
or leading edges of the comb plate a on the right hand half are arranged at such an
angle with relation to the angle and shape of the cutting edges of the cutter that in
operation the angle formed between the edges of the cutter teeth and the comb teeth
shall be such that will cause the hair and wool to be sheared and not to be pushed away
by the cutter. The cutting angles of the teeth of the comb and the cutter illustrated
in Figure 2 are arranged to comply with this condition. Conversely the angle of
the cutting or leading edges of the teeth of the comb a are so arranged on the left
hand side that in operation the teeth of the cutter c do not push the hair or wool

page_text: into the recesses at the roots of the teeth but cut it, whilst on the edge of said comb
teeth. The angles of the comb teeth in Figure 2 are also on the side of the apparatus
arranged to comply with this condition.
C
Figures 3 and 4 show an apparatus according to my invention in which the flexible
shaft s is connected directly to the spindle c¹ of the cutter c which in this example
is attached to the spindle c¹ and the spindle c¹ runs in a bearing on the comb plate a.
The cutter c is set up to the face of the comb plate a by the spring m and set nut n.
In like manner to the teeth described in Figure 2 I form the cutting edges of the
teeth so that they will meet with a shearing action. The teeth of the cutter care in
this example more numerous than shown in Figure 2 and are inclined across the
teeth b of the plate a.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An apparatus for shearing or cutting the wool or hair of animals comprising a
comb plate and a rotary cutter, the comb plate being fixed and the cutter operated
by a flexible shaft, fixed either to a shaft passing through the handle and operating
the cutter, or directly to a spindle operating the cutter; substantially as set forth.
2. An apparatus of the type herein described in which a rotary cutter is employed,
having the teeth of the comb and cutter arranged with respect to one another,
substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.
3. The combination of parts constructed substantially as set forth with reference to
Figures 1 and 2 consisting of the comb plate a, rotary cutter c, handle i, wheels de,
spindle h, flexible shafts, and adjusting device such as, k, m, n.
4. The combination of parts constructed substantially as set forth with reference
to Figures 3 and 4 consisting of the comb plate a rotary cutter c spindle c¹ flexible
shafts and adjusting device m, n.