Apparatus for the Manufacture of Bands Formed of Shaped Flat Plates of Leather or other Material Cemented closely Together Side by Side for Use as Wheel Tyres and for other purposes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Dec., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 9th Apr., 1897-Accepted, 5th June, 1897
Apparatus for the Manufacture of Bands Formed of Shaped Flat
Plates of Leather or other Material Cemented closely Together
Side by Side for Use as Wheel Tyres and for other purposes.
I, CARL HUBER, of I Graben No. 28 Vienna, Austria, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has reference more particularly to the manufacture of wheel tyres
mado of a number of flat plates of leather or other tough flexible material, cemented
together under pressure closely side by side, such as are described in the Specification
to Patent No. 5692 of 1895, it is however also applicable to the manufacture-of
bands for other purposes formed in the above described manner.
I construct apparatus for this purpose as follows:
A strong closed casing charged with liquid has a horizontal orifice through which
works a horizontal plunger receiving a to and fro motion from a crank shaft, and it
has also a vertical opening through which works a vertical plunger, to which the
reciprocating motion of the horizontal plunger is transmitted through the medium
of the liquid in the casing. The upper end of the vertical plunger carries a punch,
having the configuration required for the leather plates, and which at each upward
motion passes through a female die of the same configuration.
A continuous band of the leather or other material of which the tyre or other
object is to be made, is first passed through or in contact with a device for applying
liquid cement, such as glue, thereto after which it is led between a guide plate and
the bottom of the above mentioned female die, so that on the rising of the vertical
plunger and punch, the latter cuts a plate of leather &c. out of the continuous band
and after forcing it through the die, it raises it into a vertical channel the cross
section of which has the same configuration as that of the leather plate, so that this fits
more or less tightly therein, on the downward motion of the punch the leather band
is advanced by a suitable feed motion so as to bring a fresh part under the die, and
the above operation is repeated, the punch being made to press a second disc firmly
against the first one, so as to be cemented thereto. The above described operation
being repeated continuously it will be seen that the vertical channel will become
gradually filled with a column of the said leather or other plates all cemented together,
and this column will eventually issue at the top of the channel as a continuous band.
As the channel will offer a certain frictional resistance to the upward passage of
the tightly fitting plates, it will be seen that if the channel be made sufficiently long,
the force required to be exerted by the punch for overcoming the total frictional
resistance offered by the channel may be made so great, as to exercise a considerable
degree of compression upon each leather disc as it is forced up, also, the degree of
adhesion of the several plates to each other will be greatly increased by such
considerable pressure.
The required resistance of the channel may also be obtained with a less length
thereof, by constructing it with a slightly tapering section, so that the column of
plates is slightly compressed in the lateral direction, as it passes upward.
Although I prefer to effect the up and down motion of the punch through the
medium of a liquid and plungers as described, yet it will be evident that it may also
be effected by means of any suitable lever or cam motion.
As the column of leather plates cemented together issues from the vertical passage,
I prefer to receive it into a straight or more or less arc-shaped divided mould,
which is temporarily attached to the machine and which, when filled with a length

page_text: of the band, is removed and placed in a drying room, and when the band is sufficiently
dry the mould is opened for its removal.
Although I have described the apparatus as having the acting punch and the
channel arranged vertically it will be evident that they may also be arranged
horizontally.
In some cases I prefer to key the contiguous plates of the band or tyre together by
forming a hole or recess in one plate into which is bulged a portion of the next plate,
on its being subject to the pressure of the punch as described. For this purpose I
form the punch with a central cylindrical hole in which fits a cylindrical plug that
can be rotated therein and which carries at its upper end a projection which, on the
upward motion of the punch, will form either a hole or a cavity in the leather plate,
into which the material of the next following plate is pressed. On the downward
motion of the punch the central plug receives a partial rotation by any suitable known
device so that the hole or cavity is formed at a different point in each successive
plate.
Dated this 16th day of December 1896.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
Apparatus for the Manufacture of Bands Formed of Shaped Flat
Plates of Leather or other Material Cemented closely Together
Side by Side for Use as Wheel Tyres and for other purposes.
I, CARL HUBER, of I Graben No. 28, Vienna, Austria, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has reference more particularly to the manufacture of wheel tyres
made of a number of flat plates of leather or other tough flexible material, cemented
together under pressure closely side by side, such as are described in the specification
to Patent No. 5692 of 1895, it is however also applicable to the manufacture of
bands for other purposes formed in the above described manner.
I construct apparatus for this purpose as follows:-
A strong closed casing charged with liquid has a horizontal orifice through which
works a horizontal plunger receiving a to and fro motion from a crank shaft, and it
has also a vertical opening through which works a vertical plunger, to which the
reciprocating motion of the horizontal plunger is transmitted through the medium of
the liquid in the casing. The upper end of the vertical plunger carries a punch,
baving the configuration required for the leather plates, and which at each upward
motion passes through a female die of the same configuration.
A continuous hand of the leather or other material of which the tyre or other
object is to be made, is first passed through or in contact with a device for applying
liquid cement, such as glue, thereto, after which it is led between a guide plate and
the bottom of the above mentioned female die, so that on the rising of the vertical
plunger and punch, the latter cuis a plate of leather &c. out of the continuous
band and after forcing it through the die, it raises it into a vertical channel the cross
section of which has the same configuration as that of the leather plate, so that this
fits more or less tightly therein; on the downward motion of the punch the leather
band is advanced ly a suitable feed motion so as to bring a fresh part under the
die, and the above operation is repeated, the punch being made to press a second
dise firmly against the first one, so as to be cemented thereto. The above described
operation being repeated continuously, it will be seen that the vertical channel will
become gradually filled with a column of the said leather or other plates all cemented

page_text: together, and this column will eventually issue at the top of the channel as a
continuous band. As the channel will offer a certain frictional resistance to the
upward passage of the tightly fitting plates, it will be seen that if the channel be
made sufficiently long, the force required to be exerted by the punch for overcoming
the total frictional resistance offered by the channel may be made so great, as to
exercise a considerable degree of compression upon each leather disc as it is forced
up, also, the degree of adhesion of the several plates to each other will be greatly
increased by such considerable pressure.
The required resistance of the channel may also be obtained with a less length
thereof, by constructing it with a slightly tapering section, so that the column of plates
is slightly compressed in the lateral direction, as it passes upward.
Although I prefer to effect the up and down motion of the punch through the
medium of a liquid and plungers as described, yet it will be ovident that it may also
be effected by means of any suitable lever or cam motion.
As the column of leather plates cemented together issues from the vertical passage,
I prefer to receive it into a straight or more or less arc-shaped divided mould which
is temporarily attached to the machine and which, when filled with a length of the
band, is removed and placed in a drying room, and when the band is sufficiently dry
the mould is opened for its removal.
Although I have described the apparatus as having the acting punch and the
channel arranged vertically it will be evident that they may also be arranged
horizontally.
In some cases I prefer to key the contiguous plates of the band or tyre together
by forming a hole or recess in one plate into which is bulged a portion of the next
plate, on its being subject to the pressure of the punch as described. For this
purpose I form the punch with a central cylindrical hole in which fits a cylindrical
plug that can be rotated therein and which carries at its upper end a projection
which, on the upward motion of the punch, will form either a hole or a cavity in the
leather plate, into which the material of the next following plate is pressed. On the
downward motion of the punch the central plug receives a partial rotation by any
suitable known device so that the hole or cavity is formed at a different point in each
successive plate.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings shews a vertical section of a machine
constructed according to my above described invention in which the punch is actuated
by hydraulic pressure;
Figure 2 shews a vertical section of a modification in which the punch is worked
by a cam or eccentric ;
Figures 3 to 7 shew enlarged details of cutting and compressing devices.
In Figure 1, A is a hydraulic cylinder in which works a horizontal plunger B
driven by a suitable motor engine, and a vertical plunger C carrying the punching
device D, this plunger having a vertical reciprocating motion imparted to it on the
one hand by the plunger B through the medium of the water and on the other
hand by gravity assisted by the spring E which presses the punch downwards in
bearing with its upper end upon the cross piece F of the fraining F. The upper end
of the punch D has the configuration shewn in the plan thereof at Figure 4 and in
the vertical section at Figure 5; immediately above it is a female die G which his the
same configuration as the punch and which may be of the shape either as shewn at
Figure 1 or at Figure 3, where it is made with an acute cutting edge. Between the
die G and the cross bar Fi is introduced the leather strip H, from which the discs are to
be cut, this being fel forward by a step by step motion in any suitable manner from the
reel I, being coated with liquid cement or glue by a revolving brush at J on its way to
the die. As the punch D is forced up into the die it cuts a disc of the required configuration
from the leather strip H and forces it up into the channel K secured to the top of
the framing, in which the successive discs are both pressed firmly together and more
or less compressed as they rise up in the channel. To the top of the channel K is
attached a divided mould K' which may either be slightly curved as shewn in full
lines, or it may be left straight or be curved to a greater extent as shewn in dotted

page_text: lines.
The mould K¹ is detachably fixed to the channel K and is divided
longitudinally into separable parts as shewn at Figure 6.
The column of leather plates passes from K into K' and when this is filled with the
leather plates forming a length of band it is removed to a drying room and is replaced
by an empty mould.
The punch D is made tubular and contains a central cylindrical rod I, the upper
end of which has one or more projections such as L' L' Figures 4 and 5, which, when
the punch is forced upward form corresponding recesses in the under surface of the
bottom leather disc so that on the next following leather disc being forced up against
it, the latter will be pressed into the said recess or recesses thus keying the successive
discs together as shewn at Figure 3. At each downward motion of the punch, the
rod L is turned partly round by suitable means, such as by gearing M driven by a
chain wheel N, Figure 1, so that at each successive disc, the recesses are formed at a
different part, as indicated at Figure 3. Figure 7 shews a slightly modified form of
the punch D.
In the arrangement at Figure 2, the channel K with mould K' and die G are
arranged below the punch D which is actuated by an eccentric on a shaft O driven
by suitable toothed gearing P P₁, and carrying a cam acting on a lever S on a
spindle R carrying an internal lever arm that effects the upward motion of the
punch D after its depression by the eccentric; H is the leather band and J the cementing
brush.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. Apparatus for the manufacture of bands formed of leather plates cemented
together, wherein a reciprocating punch having the configuration of the leather plates
to be produced, and operating in combination with a female die, is caused to punch the
said plates out of a strip of leather previously coated with cement, while at the same
time the punch forces the plates one after the other into a channel also having the con-
figuration of the plates in which these are pressed firmly together by the action of the
punch, as they advance so as on issuing to constitute a continuous band, substantially
as described.
2. In apparatus such as is referred to in the first claim, the combination with the
channel for the leather plates, of a removeable divided mould, into which the leather
band issues from the channel, and in which it may be retained during the drying
substantially as described.
3. In apparatus such as is referred to in the first claim, constructing the punch
with a rotatable central plug having one or more projections which are caused by the
pressure to form recesses in the leather for the purpose of keying the consecutive
plates together the plug being rotated so as to produce the recesses in varying positions
substantially as described.
4. In apparatus for the manufacture of bands formed of leather plates cemented
together the combination of a hydraulic cylinder A a plunger B receiving a
reciprocating motion by suitable power, a plunger C carrying a punch D for punching
the leather plates out of a strip coated with cement a female die G, and a channel
into which the leather plates are forced by the upward motion of the punch, the sai
parts being arranged and operating substantially as described with reference to
Figures 1 to 7 of the drawings.
Dated this 9th day of April 1897
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.