IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE PAVING SLABS AND BLOCKS
Year: 1884

page_text: JACOB ELLIOTT of N° 150 Queen's Road Hastings Plasterer and FREDERICK
JAMES PARSONS of Claremont Hastings in the County of Sussex Printer do
hereby declare the nature of Jacob Elliott's invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE PAVING SLABS AND BLOCKS to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of artificial
stone paving slabs, and blocks, the object being to obtain slabs and blocks with
surfaces of adamantine hardness and of a non slippery character.
This Invention comprises the method and means of placing the manufactured or
artificial stone paving slabs and blocks in such manner as to produce an extremely
hard face, more durable than any natural stone, and positively non-slippery.
The following is the manner in which the invention is performed-The coarse or
body part of the slabs or blocks is made of "Boulders" from the sea shore, Bath,
Portland and York stones crushed and mixed together in equal proportions, and
this mixture is then saturated or put into vats containing water until well soaked,
then taken out and well mixed with Portland Cement in the following proportions―
One part cement to three parts of the crushed mixture adding only sufficient water
to make them combine together-this being well gauged together is then placed in
moulds of required dimensions-For paving stones or blocks say-two and a half
inches deep from bench level and brought up to within a quarter of an inch from
the top of the mould.
The quarter inch is left for the facing which is made and applied as follows-
Equal parts of broken Kentish Rag and Bath stones, sifted through a finch mesh
sieve, and with the dust taken out, are placed in a tub of water, until well soaked,
then mixed with Portland Cement in equal parts--and gauged stiffly together and
spread upon the first gauged lot in the mould to one-eighth-of-an-inch thick or to
within one-eighth-of-an-inch of the top of the mould-Then the last one-eighth-of
an-inch is made up, with equal parts, of Kentish Rag, and Bath Stones dust very
finely sifted and soaked in water as before and mixed, two parts of Portland
Cement to one part of the stone dust mixture, well gauged together stiffly, and
n

page_text: placed upon the other parts, already put into the mould by hand. This operation
brings the facing to its proper thickness namely one-quarter-inch. When sufficiently
set, the face is smoothed, and levelled with a trowel, or striking edge by hand, and
allowed to set hard.
These slabs or blocks are allowed to remain to set, seven days, and then are to
be placed in a tank of water for twenty four hours, and then taken out and exposed
to the open air to harden. Each operation of mixing and facing and finishing the
slabs or blocks is to immediately follow each other, whilst the component parts are
in a moist state.
It is claimed for this improved manufacture that the product is harder and more
durable than other natural or artificial stones, and is positively non slippery.
....
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CL
1004

page_text: We JACOB ELLIOTT of 150 Queen's Road Hastings Plasterer and FREDERICK
JAMES PARSONS of Claremont Hastings in the county of Sussex Printer do
hereby declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFAC-
TURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE PAVING SLABS AND BLOCKS
and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
"
This invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of artificial
stone paving slabs and blocks such as for instance for window sills the object being
to obtain slabs and blocks with surfaces of adamantine hardness and of a non-
slippery character.
This invention comprises the method and means of facing the manufactured
or artificial stone paving slabs and blocks in such manner as to produce an
extremely hard face, more durable than any natural stone and positively non-
slippery.
The following is the manner in which the invention is performed together with
the ingredients:
The coarse or body part of the slabs or blocks is made of "Boulders" from the
sea shore, Bath, Portland, and York stones, crushed and mixed together in equal
proportions and this mixture is then saturated or put into vats containing water
until well soaked when they will be taken out and well mixed with Portland
cement in the following proportions; One part cement to three parts of the crushed
mixture adding only sufficient water to make them combine together; this being
well gauged together is then placed in moulds of required dimensions. For paving
stones or blocks, say two-and-a-half inches deep from bench level, this body
mixture is brought up to within a quarter of an inch from the top of the mould.
The quarter inch is left for the facing which is made and applied as follows:-
Equal parts of broken Kentish Rag, and Bath stones sifted through a 1 inch mesh
sieve and with the dust taken out are placed in a tub of water until well soaked
and after removal from superfluous water they are then mixed with Portland
cement in equal parts and gauged stiffly together and spread upon the first gauged
lot in the mould to one eighth of an inch of the top of the mould. Then the last
one eighth of an inch is made up with equal parts of Kentish Rag and Bath stone
dust very finely sifted and soaked in water as before and mixed, two parts of
Portland cement to one part of the stone dust mixture well gauged together stiffly
and placed upon the other parts already put into the mould by hand. This
operation brings the facing to its proper thickness namely one-quarter-inch. When
sufficiently set, the face is smoothed and levelled with a trowel or striking edge by
hand and the whole is allowed to set hard.
These slabs or blocks are allowed to remain to set seven days and then are to be
placed in a tank of water for twenty four hours and then taken out and exposed
to the open air to barden.
Each operation of mixing and facing and finishing the slabs or blocks is to
immediately follow each other whilst the component parts are in a moist state.
It is claimed for this improved manufacture that the product is harder and more
durable than other natural or artificial stones and is positively non-slippery.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the, nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed We declare that what
we claim is :-
The improvements in the manufacture of artificial stone slabs, or blocks, by a
coarse substratum of the stone material soaked and mixed with Portland cement and
laid in the mould to a certain depth and then surfaced by a second layer of finer
grouting as described and further finished with the last surfacing of the sifted,
soaked, and mixed stone dust and Portland cement and finally the whole finished
slab or block dried and soaked and redried all as and for the purpose herein set
forth.
Data s day of October 1884.
JACOB ELLIOTT.
F. J. PARSONS.
Witness to the Signatures of
the said Jacob Elliott and
Frederick James Parsons
HENRY COUSINS,
Hastings, Auctioneer.
Witness to the Signatures of
the said Jacob Elliott and
Frederick James Parsons
HENRY COUSINS,
Hastings, Auctioneer.