Improvements in and relating to Trucks or Bogies for Railway- vehicles, and to Brake-mechanism therefor.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd May, 1896-Accepted, 6th June, 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Trucks or Bogies for Railway-
vehicles, and to Brake-mechanism therefor.
I, JOHN HECTOR GRAHAM, of 258 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts,
United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to "low down" steel frame car-trucks wherein parts are
interchangeable without dismounting, and to an equalizing brake-mechanism
therefor.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a plan of a portion of my improved truck;
Figure 2 a vertical longitudinal section;
Figure 3 a transverse section on the line 3-3, Figure 2;
Figure 4 a like view on the line 4-4, Figure 2;
Figure 5 a perspective view showing the mortising of the I-beams;
Figure 6 a sectional elevation showing the pedestal ;
Figure 7 an end elevation of the same;
Figure 8 a perspective view showing the two members of a spring seat for single
spring; and
Figures 9 and 10 are perspective views showing spring seat members for double
springs;
Figure 11 is a side elevation and
Figure 12 a plan of the brake mechanism.
In the drawings a car of the style known as "open" is shown.
The truck-frame comprises side rails of I-beams A connected by end rails B.
The rails A, are mortised at d, and the end rails shaped to enter and joined thereto
by angle irons f.
The outer ends of rails A, are grooved at b, and a wooden header D, dropped
therein, its inner edge being rabbetted to receive the top of the end rails.
A casting is secured to each side rail supporting channel-iron h, said rails
being connected by a tie-rod m, in a tube k. A wooden sub-silla, is bolted to side
Brace-
rails and rabbetted to receive flooring E, supported by oak girders g.
bars w, w connect the channel-irons to the side-rails.
The pedestals are supported by arch-bars v, preferably tubular and connected to
the rails by pendant lugs t, in clips p, which form truss-pockets.
These clips have. curved arins r, secured by a bolt s, to the web of the
I-beam.
The pedestals K, are formed of members 17, and 18, having spring extensions 19,
secured by bolts 22, to the web of the side rails. Their lower ends are secured
by bolts 21, to the truss-rods v. The members receive the axle-boxes P, which
at 20, play vertically in the openings. Said boxes are provided with laterally
projecting arms 15, disposed between the members 17, and 18.
The arms 15, are slotted and T-bolts 16, are suspended therefrom. These
bolts carry the spring seats. Any number of eprings 55, may be employed; one
as at left or three as at right in Figure 6.
For the first form the seat Figure 8 is used, the bottom member 28, being
rabbetted at 29, to enter spring and provided with opening 39, for bolt 16. The
upper member has opening 31, for shank of bolt, and slots 32, for sliding on guide-
ribs 27, on the pedestal members.

page_text: Figures 9 and 10 show seat-members used for two springs. The upper member 24,
has side notches 26, for guide-ribs 27, lugs 32 for entering tops of the coils and
an opening 25, for the bolt. Member 23, has an opening for the bolt and lugs 44,
for entering the coils. Upper members in each case engage under projections 54,
on the pedestal members. As the load depresses the truck, the springs are
compressed by descending the pedestals, the bolts 16, being held by arms on the
-axle-boxes.
The sub-sills at the ends are det into the header D, at 61; said header forming
the platform of the car.
The parts are all interchangeable and new parts may be substituted without
dismounting the truck-frame.
By removing one pedestal member new-springs can be inserted, and the truss-
pockets being in section enables -the trusses to be mounted readily after the frame
is built. The spring portions, r, thereof, when the bolts, is set up tend to flare
the lower ends-slightly so that the hanger t, can.be easily inserted. The take up 69,
tightens all the parts connecting the truss.
In Figures 11 and 12 the brake mechanism is shown.
This mechanism compensates for variationstinethe position of the brake-shoe as
the load on the truck changes.
On the upper end of the box P, (and integral atherewith is a rertical dug 61.
This lug is grooved longitudinally at 62-and-arc-shaped at 63. A-clip Eris bolted
to the beam in.front of the wheel and has sockets 64.
An approximately U-shaped beam H, bastits rends disposed to rock in. the
sockets 64, and fulcrums in the lugs 61. This beam passes. laterally across the car
behind the wheels.65. The shoes 66, are secured by keys 67, in the frame 68
provided with lugs 69, to which the brake-beam J, is bolted. The lugs 69-are
extended rearwardly forming eyes 70, to which themsual: brake-har. 71,is pivoted.
On the transverse portion 72, of the U-beam, clips 73, are fast, forming brake-
hanger supports provided with eyes 74. Bolts 75, pass through these reyes and
through the brake-beam J, supported thereby.
Rubber seats 77, held. by-washers 78,and nuts '79, cushion the play. 1of the
hanger. Similarly held-seats 80, cushion the beam J.
From the hanger-bolt an arm 81, projects. AUeshaped-release, spring 82,.is
fast to the beam H, by clip 73, its free end being adjustably held on the arm 81,
by check-nuts 83: These springs are compressed when the brakes are set, and
serve to disengage.the shoes from, the wheels when the brakes are released.
In use, when the..car. is light, the pedestal springs relevate the truck, carrying
with it the inser. ends of the beamsH, which dropsathe shoes below the horizontal
_centre of the-wheels.
The truck being loaded, the beam.H, rocks, elevating-the-shoe to the centre of
the wheel, the-besti pojut-for-effective braking.
The shoes are held-out of actual-contact with the wheels by the release
springs, 82. The brakes.can be set by partial revolution-of.the.brake-handle
instead of several revolutions as required in many forms.
The force exerted by the rotating wheels which tends to tilt the trucks when
the brake. is-set, is equalized by the use of my pivoted beam H,.as its fulcrum
cannot change.vertically. By supporting the shoes-from the axle directly,
-pounding or,jarring of the wheels is overcome. The ends of Ithe lever H, may be
connected directly to the-body of the.canand-the-said I-beams may constitute the
.sills.of the car.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1st. A frame for car-trucks comprising end rails and side rails of metallic
I-beams mortised and bolted together.

page_text: 2nd. A metallic car-truck frame constructed of I-beams grooved to receive a
rabbetted wooden header.
3rd. A car-truck frame comprising metallic I-beams bolted together, tie-rods
connecting the side rails, and brace-rods as w.
4th. A car-truck frame comprising I-beam rails, tie-rods, and a channel-iron
convecting the side rails and supporting wooden girders for the flooring.
5th. In a metallic truck for cars, the side rails of I-beam iron in combination
with the castings i, the tie-rods and the channel irons.
6th. The combination of the I-beam rails mortised and grooved, the channel-
irons, the girders, the sub-sills, the header, and the flooring.
7th. The I-beam side-rails in combination with the pocket members secured to
the web thereof to receive the truss-hanger.
8th. The I-beam side rails in combination with the spring pocket members, the
hanger t, and the truss v.
9th. In a car-truck, the pedestal formed in two sections attachable to the
side rail.
10th. A brake-mechanism comprising a lever fulcrumed on the axle-box or axle
and supporting the shoe, said lever being pivotally connected to the truck.
11th. The approximately U-shaped lever fulcrumed on the axles and pivotally
connected with the truck-body in combination with devices for supporting the brake-
shoes from said lever.
12th. The lever fulcrummed on the axles and connected with the truck-frame in
combination with the hanger supported from said lever, flexible seats for said
hangers, the brake-beam carried by the hangers, and the shoes connected to said
beam.
13th. The pivoted U-shaped lever and the laterally movable hanger carried
thereby.
14th. The lever fulcrumed on the axles in combination with the rocking hanger
connected to said lever and the U-spring on said lever having its end adjustably
connected to the hanger.
Dated the 1st day of May 1896
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.