AN IMPROVED ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MACHINE
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Soren Hjorth, of Copenhagen, for the Invention
"AN IMPROVED ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MACHINE."
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Soren Hjorth at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Declaration, on
the 11th April 1855, pursuant to the 9th Section of the Patent Law
Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SOREN
HJORTH, of Copenhagan, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention of
"AN IMPROVED ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MACHINE," and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
This Invention has for its object the rendering available the action of
electro-magnetism to produce a rotary motion, and consists in arranging a
series of hollow square electro-magnets in a metallic ring in combination with
revolving armatures shaped so that their surfaces receive a direct action from
the poles of the electro-magnets in succession. The accompanying Drawing
shews my improved electro-magnetic machine for producing rotary motion, the
same letters indicating similar parts in each.
a, a, the hollow square electro-magnets; b, the ring within which the
electro-magnets are arranged; c, c, the armatures, having a motion about their
respective centres d and also about the common centre f; the motions of
these armatures being guided, first, by carriers h, h, affixed to the main shaft;

page_text: and, secondly, by the concentric part i, i, of the same, running in a grooved
brass ring at the top of the electro-magnets. The surfaces of the armatures
are shaped so as to correspond with the curvatures of the electro-magnets,
and pass into the same without coming in contact with the iron. k, k, a
circular metallic spring, for the purpose of keeping the armatures towards
the poles when not attracted by the same; 1, 1, the conductors, fixed to
but insulated from the shaft; m, m, a series of metallic surfaces communi-
cating with the coiling of the electro-magnets, having betwixt them small
pieces n, n, of metal of inferior conducting power to prevent the spark; o, o, a
metallic ring, for the purpose of completing the circuit with all the hollow
electric magnets. The armatures are adjusted and maintained in their proper
relative position a series of cranks and connecting rods, as shewn, and is well
understood.
The above electro-magnetic rotary engine is worked as follows:-The electro-
magnets are charged in succession by as many conductors as armatures, fixed
to the shaft, but insulated from the same and sliding along the series m, m,
of metallic surfaces communicating with the coils of the electro-magnets, such
coils communicating on the other side of the engine with a metallic ring 0, 0,
fixed to the engine, but insulated from the same. The production of the
spark, which is productive of such injurious effects, is prevented by the small
pieces of metal n, n, of inferior conducting power applied between the series
m, m, of metallic conducting surfaces. The electro-magnets so charged, act
in succession on the projecting segmental parts of the armatures, and by
such action cause the system of armatures to rotate about their common
centre. In order to reverse the motion, the said conductors affixed to the
shaft are placed so as to charge the respective electro-magnets accordingly.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare my said Invention
to consist in the improved electro-magnetic rotary engine constructed and
arranged as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Soren Hjorth, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
SOREN HJORTH.
(L.S.)