IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF REDUCING SEVERAL METALLIC SUBSTANCES HITHERTO UNUSED, AND APPLYING THEM SO PREPARED TO THE PLATING OF OTHER METALS AND SUBSTANCES BY MEANS OF ELECTRICITY
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Claude Joseph Edmée Junot, of No. 15, Rue
Basse Passy, in the Empire of France, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF REDUCING SEVERAL METALLIC SUBSTANCES
HITHERTO UNUSED, AND APPLYING THEM SO PREPARED TO THE PLATING
OF OTHER METALS AND SUBSTANCES BY MEANS OF ELECTRICITY."- A
communication.
Sealed the 19th February 1853, and dated the 28th December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Claude Joseph
Edmée Junot at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with his Petition, on the 28th December 1852.
I, CLAUDE JOSEPH EDMÉE JUNOT, of No. 15, Rue Basse Passy, in
the Empire of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF REDUCING SEVERAL METAL-

page_text: LIC SUBSTANCES HITHERTO UNUSED, AND APPLYING THEM SO PREPARED TO THE
PLATING OF OTHER METALS AND SUBSTANCES BY MEANS OF ELECTRICITY," to
be as follows:
This Invention consists of preparing silicium, titanium, tungsten,
chromium, and molybdenum, by causing them to be dissolved, and
then, by means of electric currents, to be deposited on to other
metals and substances.
The best means I am acquainted with for carrying out this In-
vention is as follows:- tungstic, silicic, and molybdic acids are
obtained as is well understood, and either of them is dissolved in
a boiling solution-of carbonate of soda. Chromium is obtained in
solution by double chloride of soda and ammonia. Titanium is
obtained in solution by sulphuric acid, which, being evaporated,
sulphate of soda and ammonia with distilled water, are employed.
I prefer to use a galvanic battery for obtaining the requisite electric
currents. The articles to be coated I connect to the zinc pole of the
battery, and I employ a piece of platina.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said Claude Joseph Edmée Junot in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st June 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
CLAUDE JOSEPH EDMÉE JUNOT, of No. 15, Rue Basse Passy, in the
Empire of France, send greeting.
the
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of December, in
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in
the sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Claude Joseph Edmée Junot,
Her special licence that I, the said Claude Joseph Edmée Junot,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Claude Joseph Edmée Junot, my executors, administrators, and

page_text: assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdon of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF RE-
DUCING SEVERAL METALLIC SUBSTANCES HITHERTO UNUSED, AND APPLYING THEM
SO PREPARED TO THE PLATING OF OTHER METALS AND SUBSTANCES BY MEANS
OF ELECTRICITY," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Claude Joseph Edmée Junot, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after tlic
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Claude Joseph Edmóc Junot, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof (that is
to say):
This Invention consists of preparing silicium, titanium, tungsten,
chromium, and molybdenum, by causing them to be dissolved, and
then, by means of electric currents, to be deposited on to metals
and substances.
The best means I am acquainted with for carrying out this In-
vention is as follows:- tungstic, silicic, and molybdic acids arc
obtained as is well understood, and either of them is dissolved in
a boiling solution of carbonate of soda. Chronium is obtained by
double chloride of soda and ammonia. Titanium is obtained in solu-
tion by sulphuric acid, which, being evaporated, sulphate of soda and
ammonia, with distilled water, is employed. The article to be coated
is to be immersed in either of these solutions, and connected to the
zinc terminal of a battery, and the other terminal of the battery is
connected to a plate of platinum, which is also immersed in the
solution. And in order that my Invention may be most fully under-

page_text: stood, and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe in
detail the means pursued by me.
Supposing that tungstic, silicic, or molybdic acid is to be used
according to my Invention, such acid is to be dissolved by boiling
in a solution of carbonate of soda of a density of twenty-four
degrees of Beaumé.
The acid being added gradually until the
said solution is entirely saturated, the liquid is now to be removed
from the fire and carefully filtered, and distilled water is to be
added till the liquid marks not more than 7° or 8° of Beaumé; the
liquid is then caused to boil, about three per cent. of carbonate
of ammonia in a state of solution being added. Supposing chro-
mium be used in carrying out my Invention, I use chromium
dissolved in a double chloride of soda and ammonia in the pro-
portion of about one hundred grammes of metal to one killogram
of the salt, and ten litres of distilled water. Supposing titanium to
be employed when carrying out my Invention, I dissolve it in sul-
phuric acid, and evaporate the solution to dryness; I next form a
solution in the proportion of about one kilogram of sulphate of soda
and alumina for one hundred grammes of metal and ten litres of
distilled water. These solutions being carefully filtered are used
at a temperature of about 30° to 40° centegrade. I employ troughs or
vessels of wood to contain the solutions, and I suspend the articles
to be plaited in the solution from copper rods, and connect them
with the zinc pole of a galvanic battery, and I employ a plate of
platina in connection with the other pole, which is also immersed in
the solution; and in order to keep up the strength of the solution, I
immerse a small bag full of the metallic salt. And I would state,
that these metals may be deposited alloyed together or with silver
or nickel, or other inetal.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that I
do not confine myself to the details herein described, as they may be
varied without departing from my Invention; but what I claim is,
the preparing solutions of silicium, titanium, tungsten, chromium,

page_text: and molybdenum, and causing them to be deposited by electric
currents.
In witness whereof, I, the said Claude Joseph Edmee Junot,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day
of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-three.
Witness,
J. BASSET.
J. E. JUNOT. (L. 8.)