Improvements in Means for Moving Revolving Tool Carriers, Crank Pins and other Devices in a Direction at Right Angles to their Axes of Revolution.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Moving Revolving Tool Carriers, Crank
Pins and other Devices in a Direction at Right Angles to their
Axes of Revolution.
I, ERNST MAX BERGER, of 1, Carl-Zeiss Strasse, Jena, Grand-Duchy of Saxe-
Weimar, German Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows;
The object of this invention is to find a satisfactory solution of the problem to
move at will a slide or slide-rest in the direction of its translatory motion whilst
it revolves about an axis at right angles to this direction. An arrangement
enabling this result to be attained is applicable with advantage to a variety of
technical purposes, for instance where the carriage or slide supports a tool which
might then, while being revolved, be moved nearer to or farther from its axis of
revolution. This if the translatory movement of the tool-carrying slide be pro-
"with
perly controlled-results in an arrangement for plane-turning or facing
the work-piece simply secured on the bench or bed of the machine-tool; an
arrangement the advantage whereof, over that in which the tool is fastened to the
face-plate, is that it enables the tedious operations of centreing. "trueing," and
balancing to be dispensed with. Amongst the other possible applications of
such a contrivance, the case of a slide carrying a crank pin may be instanced,
admitting of the stroke of the machine (say a pump, a slotting or planing machine,
a cycle etc.) being varied, whilst the machine is in operation.
In adopting any of the means hitherto devised for solving the problem above
stated, it has been necessary in order to shift the slide in either direction to retard
or accelerate the rotary motion of a controlling wheel, or the speed of either of
two rotating controlling wheels had to be reduced; but in neither case it is possible
to impart to the slide a movement limited accurately at will, or a constant, trans-
latory movement, standing in a pre-determined relation to its number of revolu-
tions. Now this important requirement is met by the present invention in the
manner hereinafter described.
:
With the operating mechanism mounted upon the plate which carries the slide,
and serving to feed along such slide, a controlling wheel, concentric with the axis
of revolution of the slide-carrying plate, is connected in such a way that as long
as it is prevented from turning, the slide or carriage, though it may revolve,
cannot at the same time receive a feeding or sliding movement from the said
mechanism whereas, whenever the said controlling wheel is turned, the slide
will thereby be caused to travel along for a corresponding distance. It will be
understood that the rotary movement of this controlling wheel may be exactly
measured and regulated at will. To prevent the controlling wheel from rotating
with the plate whilst the slide is not required to be fed along, a screw or worm may
be fitted within the mechanism for operating the controlling wheel; or a brake or
locking device, capable of being readily released, may be provided; or it may
suffice to ensure adequate friction.

page_text: In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is an axial section of a slide-carrying plate constructed in accordance with
this invention and of which Fig. 2 is a plan.
Fig. 3 is an elevation of a plate of a similar form of construction.
Fig. 4 is an axial section shewing a third form of construction of the device;
Figs. 5 and 6 being, respectively, a front elevation and a plan thereof.
Fig. 7 is an axial section of a similar plate.
Fig. 8 is an axial section of a fifth modification of the said plate; Fig. 9 being
a front view and Fig. 10 a plan of such plate.
Fig. 11 is a side view of a similar form of construction of the improved
apparatus.
Fig. 12 is an axial section of a seventh modification of the invention, while
Fig. 13 is a corresponding front elevation and Fig. 14 a plan of the same.
In the several modifications represented in the drawings certain parts which,
though different in outward appearance, serve for fulfilling similar functions,
are designated by like letters of reference.
With the exception of Fig. 7, which shews a crank disk, it is assumed that a
face-plate fitted with a sliding tool-holder has to be dealt with, and that such plate
forms a self-contained device adapted to be screwed bodily onto the spindle of an
existing lathe or of a shaping, undercutting, drilling or like machine. When the
said face-plate, instead of being, as here shewn, a removable and exchangeable
piece, is intended to form the main part of a machine-tool of novel type, this will
afford increased convenience for the accomodation of the diverse parts of machinery.
In the illustrations of the several forms of apparatus here given, it is supposed
that two slides are adapted to travel in opposite directions upon the same diameter
of the plate, except in Fig. 7 where a single carriage is shown. It will be under-
stood that the number of the slides may easily be increased with only structural
modifications of the examples here given.
The forms of construction which the drawings illustrate, may be divided into
two sets or groups, of which the one comprised in Figs. 1 to 7 will be described
first. In all the arrangements belonging to this group there are provided two
planet wheels, adapted to revolve at a like angular speed, whether they be mounted
co-axially or whether their respective axes be placed at an invariable distance
from each other; one of such wheels being in gear with a toothed rim, which
forms part of the controlling wheel, and being connected with the slide in such
a manner that by turning the controlling wheel the slide may be fed along:
while the other planet wheel engages with a second toothed rim likewise concentric
with the axis of the plate but stationary and is so connected with the slide-carry-
ing plate that such plate, whenever it turns, causes the said planet wheel to revolve.
In the example shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, two slides or carriages a are supposed
to be mounted upon the said plate b. The two planet wheels c and d are connected
with the two slides by means of a spindle e diametrically arranged on the back
of the face-plate 6 and by means of a bush f co-axial with the said spindle, by the
longitudinal slots g of which bush the nuts h of the spindle e are guided. Over
the bush two sleeves i are passed these being screwed or otherwise suitably
secured to the nuts h. An annular collar 70 provided on each of the sleeves i
engages in the slot or groove 4º of a block k rigidly connected with one of the
slides a, so that whenever the spindle e is rotated in relation to the bush f, and
the nuts are displaced in consequence, the slides a are thereby moved radially.
The spindle e is, by the planet bevel-wheel c, geared with the bevel-wheel
secured to the controlling wheel 7, while the bushf engages with the stationary
toothed rim through the medium of the planet bevel-wheel d. The dimensions
of the wheels are so determined that while the controlling wheel 7 is at rest, the
two planet wheels c and d—and also consequently the spindle e and bush f
turn about their common axis at an equal angular speed, so that the nuts
not move radially, whereas they will begin so to move the moment a difference
in the rotation of the wheels c and d is brought about by a rotary movement of
do

page_text: the controlling wheel l. The face-plate 6 is represented as being screwed onto the
spindle of the lathe by means of its boss 6º. The controlling wheel is mounted
not directly upon the boss 60 of the face-plate b, but upon a sleeve o rotatable on
such boss and fitted with an arm o engaging with the lathe-bed slot; such sleeve o
at the same time carrying the stationary toothed rim n. In the arm a bearing
is provided for the shatt pº, which shaft for operating the controlling wheel
gears by means of a worm p into the teeth of the worm wheel or rim q forming
part of the controlling wheel l.
Fig. 3 represents a modification of the arrangement shewn in Figs. 1 and 2,
wherein the spindle e and bush f, instead of being operated by the planet wheels e
and are operated by worm wheels e fo. The corresponding worms do and co,
arranged diametrically opposite each other upon the face-plate are rigidly con-
nected with the planet wheels d, c. For the worm-gearing, pairs of other gear
wheels adapted for crossing shafts-say helical wheels may be substituted. The
controlling wheel is here supposed to be driven not by a worm and worm wheel
as in Figs. 1 and 2, but through bevel wheels p and q; a lock or brake device con-
trollable from the crank-handle being provided, but not shown, to secure the con-
trolling wheel in the position of rest.
In the form of apparatus represented. in Figs. 4 to 6, the planet wheel gearing
with the toothed rim m of the controlling wheel is arranged co-axially with
and rotatably in relation to the planet wheel d which has the same size as the
planet wheel c and gears with the stationary toothed rim n. The shaft of the
planet wheels and has its bearings in an arm r revolvable on the boss 60 of the
face-plate. To turn this arm, a spur wheel frigidly connected to the planet
wheel d, but of larger size, gears with a toothed rim g secured to the boss 6º of
the plate b. A spur wheel e of the same size as the wheel f is rigidly connected
to the planet wheel c and gears with a toothed rim loosely mounted upon the
boss 6 of the face plate. The said wheels have such proportions that the spur
wheel e imparts to the toothed rim while the controlling wheel remains at
rest a rotary movement which both as regards direction and angular speed is
identical with that performed by the plate b. Each rotary movement of the
controlling wheel, however, will result in making the toothed rim either lag
behind or take the lead of the said plate b and consequently will involve a trans-
latory movement of the two slides the racks & of which gear with the toothed
rim h.
Figure 7 shows a form of plate differing from the plate just described in that
the rim h, instead of engaging a rack secured to the slide, is rigidly connected
to a spirally grooved disc i, with the thread of which engage the teeth of the
slide a
Another typical form in which this invention may be carried out is exemplified
by the Figures 8 to 10, 11 and 12 to 14. In the arrangements of this class the
controlling wheel cannot be mounted directly upon the boss of the face-plate,
as it would have been feasible in the first group of examples but must necessarily
be carried by a sleeve, which is prevented from turning with the said face-plate.
Upon this sleeve the controlling wheel is fitted by means of a screw-thread, so
that with its rotary motion an axial displacement is connected, which may be
made serviceable in a variety of ways for feeding along the slide.
In the example shown in Figs. 8 to 10 this result is attained by giving the boss
of the controlling wheel the shape of a cylindrical rack m, the pinions h, which
are in gear therewith and are supported by the face-plate, being, each, mounted
upon a shaft which also carries a toothed sector i engaging with the rack k of one
of the slides a. The sleeve o, in the example here represented, is supposed to
be retained in place--not, as in the arrangements previously described, by an arm
engaging with the slot of the lathe-but by a screw 60 mounted in the head-
stock of the lathe. The controlling wheel has no special driving mechanisın
provided for it, but is fitted with handles, it being assumed that its screw-thread
fits that of the sleeve o tightly enough to prevent the said controlling wheel, when

page_text: the toothed wheels & turn, from being carried round with them owing to their
frictional contact with the cylindrical rack m.
Figure 11 shows an arrangement which is substantially the same as that repre-
sented in Figs. 8 to 10, the only difference being that the face-plate disc b is not
screwed upon the spindlé or mandrel of the lathe, but is clamped onto a boring
rod s, while the sleeve o as in the first group of examples, is retained in position
by the arm "
In the arrangement shewn in Figures 12 to 14 there are substituted for the
cylindrical rack m of the last preceding example separate racks m guided in slots
of the face-plate b and coupled with the controlling wheel so as to follow the
axial movement of this wheel. Instead of with handles the controlling wheel
is provided with a special operating mechanism, consisting of a toothed rim q
which, instead of gearing with a worm 2 direct, gears with a spur-wheel p¹ rigidly
connected with the worm wheel p².
Dated this 95th day of July 1898
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
Ímprovements in Means for Moving Revolving Tool Carriers, Crank
Pins, and other Devices in a Direction at Right Angles to their
Axes of Revolution.
I, ERNST MAX BERGER, of 1, Carl-Zeiss Strasse, Jena, Grand-Duchy of Saxe-
Weimar, German Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement;-
-
66
The object of this invention is to find a satisfactory solution of the problem to
move at will a slide or slide-rest in the direction of its translatory motion whilst
it revolves about an axis at right angles to this direction. An arrangement
enabling this result to be attained is applicable with advantage to a variety of
technical purposes, for instance where the carriage or slide supports a tool which
might then, while being revolved, be moved nearer to or farther from its axis of
revolution. This-if the translatory movement of the tool-carrying slide be pro-
perly controlled-results in an arrangement for plane-turning or facing" with
the work-piece simply secured on the bench or bed of the machine tool; an
arrangement the advantage whereof, over that in which the tool is fastened to the
face-plate, is that it enables the tedious operations of centreing, "trueing," and
balancing to be dispensed with. Amongst the other possible applications of
such a contrivance, the case of a slide carrying a crank pin may be instanced,
admitting of the stroke of the machine (say a pump, a slotting or planing machine,
cycle etc.) being varied, whilst the machine is in operation.
In adopting any of the means hitherto devised for solving the problem above
stated, it has been necessary in order to shift the slide in either direction to retard
or accelerate the rotary motion of a controlling wheel, or the speed of either of
two rotating controlling wheels had to be reduced; but in neither case it is possible
to impart. to the slide a movement limited accurately at will, or a constant, trans-
latory movement, standing in a pre-determined relation to its number of revolu-
tions. Now this important requirement is met by the present invention in the
manner hereinafter described.
With the operating mechanism mounted upon the plate which carries the slide,

page_text: and serving to feed along such slide, a controlling wheel, concentric with the axis
of revolution of the slide-carrying plate, is connected in such a way that as long
as it is prevented from turning, the slide or carriage, though it may revolve,
cannot at the same time receive a feeding or sliding movement from the said
mechan sm; whereas, whenever the said controlling wheel is turned, the slide
will thereby be caused to travel along for a corresponding distance. It will be
understood that the rotary movement of this controlling wheel may be exactly
measured and regulated at will. To prevent the controlling wheel from rotating
with the plate whilst the slide is not required to be fed along, a screw or worm may
be fitted within the mechanism for operating the controlling wheel; or a brake or
locking device, capable of being readily released, may be provided; or it may
suffice to ensure adequate friction.
In the drawings left with the Provisional Specification:
Fig. 1 is an axial section of a slide-carrying plate constructed in accordance with
this invention and of which Fig. 2 is a plan.
Fig. 3 is an elevation of a plate of a similar form of construction.
Fig. 4 is an axial section shewing a third form of construction of the device;
Figs. 5 and 6 being, respectively, a front elevation and a plan thereof.
Fig. 7 is an axial section of a similar plate.
Fig. 8 is an axial section of a fifth modification of the said plate; Fig. 9 being
a front view and Fig. 10 a plan of such plate.
Fig. 11 is a side view of a similar form of construction of the improved
apparatus.
Fig. 12 is an axial section of a seventh modification of the invention, while
Fig. 13 is a corresponding front elevation and Fig. 14 a plan of the same.
In the several modifications represented in the drawings certain parts which,
though different in outward appearance, serve for fulfilling similar functions,
are designated by like letters of reference.
With the exception of Fig. 7, which shews a crank disk, it is assumed that a
face plate fitted with a sliding tool-holder has to be dealt with, and that such plate
forms a self-contained device adapted to be screwed bodily onto the spindle of an
existing lathe or of a shaping, undercutting, drilling or like machine. When the
said face-plate, instead of being, as here shewn, a removable and exchangeable
piece, is intended to form the main part of a machine-tool of novel type, this will
afford increased convenience for the accomodation of the diverse parts of machinery.
In the illustrations of the several forms of apparatus here given, it is supposed
that two slides are adapted to travel in opposite directions upon the same diameter
of the plate, except in Fig. 7 where a single carriage is shown. It will be under-
stood that the number of the slides may easily be increased with only structural
modifications of the examples here given.
The forms of construction which the drawings illustrate, may be divided into
two sets or groups, of which the one comprised in Figs. 1 to 7 will be described
first. In all the arrangements belonging to this group there are provided two
planet wheels, adapted to revolve at a like angular speed, whether they be mounted
co-axially or whether their respective axes be placed at an invariable distance
from each other; one of such wheels being in gear with a toothed rim, which
forms part of the controlling wheel, and being connected with the slide in such
a manner that by turning the controlling wheel the slide may be fed along;
while the other planet wheel engages with a second toothed rim likewise concentric
with the axis of the plate but stationary and is so connected with the slide-carry-
ing plate that such plate, whenever it turns, causes the said planet wheel to revolve.
In the example shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, two slides or carriages a are supposed
to be mounted upon the same plate b. The two planet wheels c and d are connected
with the two slides by means of a spindle e diametrically arranged on the back
of the face-plate 6 and by means of a bush f co-axial with the said spindle, by the
longitudinal slots g of which bush the nuts h of the spindle e are guided. Over
the bush f two sleeves i are passed these being screwed or otherwise suitably

page_text: secured to the nuts h. An annular collar provided on each of the sleeves i
engages in the slot or groove of a block & rigidly connected with one of the
slides a, so that whenever the spindle e is rotated in relation to the bush. f, and
the nuts.h are displaced in consequence, the slides a are thereby moved rad.ally.
The spindle e is, by the planet bevel-wheel c, geared with the bevel-wheel m
secured to the controlling wheel, while the bush f engages with the stationary
toothed rim through the medium of the planet bevel-wheel d. The dimensions
of the wheels are so determined that while the controlling wheel is at rest, the
two planet wheels and d-and also consequently the spindle e and bush f
turn about their common axis at an equal angular speed, so that the nuts h do
not move radially, whereas they will begin so to move the moment a difference
in the rotation of the wheels c and d is brought about by a rotary movement of
the controlling wheel 1. The face-plate 6 is represented as being screwed onto the
spindle of the lathe, by means of its boss 6º. The controlling wheel is mounted
not directly upon the boss 60 of the face-plate b, but upon a sleeve o rotatable on
such boss and fitted with an arm engaging with the lathe-bed slot; such sleeve o
at the same time carrying the stationary toothed rim n. In the arm a bearing
is provided for the shaft 7%, which shaft for operating the controlling wheel Z
gears by means of a worm p into the teeth of the worm wheel or rim forming
part of the controlling wheel 1.
Fig. 3 represents a modification of the arrangement shewn in Figs. 1 and 2,
wherein the spindle e and bush f, instead of being operated by the planet wheels e
and are operated by worm wheels cf. The corresponding worms and co,
arranged diametrically opposite each other upon the face plate are rigidly con-
nected with the planet wheels d, c. For the worm-gearing, pairs of other gear
wheels adapted for crossing shafts-say helical wheels-may be substituted. The
controlling wheel is here supposed to be driven not by a worm and worm wheel
as in Figs. 1 and 2, but through bevel wheels and q: a lock or brake device con-
trollable from the crank-handle being provided, but not shown, to secure the con-
trolling wheel in the position of rest.
In the form of apparatus represented in Figs. 4 to 6, the planet wheel a gearing
with the toothed rim m of the controlling wheel is arranged co-axially with
and rotatably in relation to the planet wheel which has the same size as the
planet wheel and gears with the stationary toothed rim n. The shaft of the
planet wheels. and has its bearings in an arm revolvable on the boss of the
face-plate. To turn this arm, a spur wheel frigidly connected to the planet
wheel, but of larger size, gears with a toothed rim secured to the boss 60 of
the plate b. A spur wheel e of the same size as the wheel f is rigidly connected
to the planet wheel and gears with a toothed rim loosely mounted upon, the
boss 60 of the face plate. The said wheels, have such proportions that the spur
wheel e imparts to the toothed rim while the controlling wheel remains at
rest a rotary movement which both as regards direction and angular speed is
identical with that performed by the plate b. Each rotary movement of the
controlling wheel, however, will result in making the toothed rim h either lag
behind or take the lead of the said plate band consequently will involve a trans-
latory movement of the two slides a the racks of which gear with the toothed
rim h.
Figure 7 shows a form of plate differing from the plate just described in that
the rim h, instead of engaging a rack secured to the slide, is rigidly connected
to a spirally grooved disc i, with the thread of which engage the teeth of the
slide a.
Another typical form in which this invention may be carried out is exemplified
by the Figures 8 to 10, 11 and 12 to 14. In the arrangements of this class the
controlling wheel cannot be mounted directly upon the boss of the face-plate
as it would have been feasible in the first group of examples, but must necessarily
be carried by a sleeve, which is prevented from turning with the said face-plate
Upon this sleeve the controlling wheel is fitted by means of a screw-thread, so

page_text: that with its rotary motion an axial displacement is connected, which may be
made serviceable in a variety of ways for feeding along the slide.
In the example shown in Figs. 8 to 10 this result is attained by giving the boss
of the controlling wheel the shape of a cylindrical rack m, the pinions h, which
are in gear therewith and are supported by the face-plate, being, each, mounted
upon a shaft which also carries a toothed sector i engaging with the rack of one
of the slides a. The sleeve, in the example here represented, is supposed to
be retained in place-not, as in the arrangements previously described, by an arm
engaging with the slot of the lathe-but by a screw of mounted in the head-
stock of the lathe. The controlling wheel has no special driving mechanism
provided for it, but is fitted with handles, it being assumed that its screw-thread
fits that of the sleeve o tightly enough to prevent the said controlling wheel, when
the toothed wheels turn, from being carried round with them owing to their
frictional contact with the cylindrical rack m.
Figure 11 shows an arrangement which is substantially the same as that repre-
sented in Figs. 8 to 10, the only difference being that the face-plate disc b is not
screwed upon the spindle or mandrel of the lathe, but is clamped onto a boring
rods, while the sleeve o as in the first group of examples, is retained in position
by the arm oº.
In the arrangement shewn in Figures 12 to 14 there are substituted for the
cylindrical rack m of the last preceding example separate racks m guided in slots
of the face-plate and coupled with the controlling wheel so as to follow the
axial movement of this wheel. Instead of with handles the controlling wheel
is provided with a special operating mechanism, consisting of a toothed rim q
which, instead of gearing with a worm p direct, gears with a spur-wheel p¹ rigidly
connected with the worm wheel 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In combination a slide adapted to revolve about an axis perpendicular to the
direction of the translatory movement of the slide and a device for causing the
slide to travel independently of its revolution, the said device consisting of a
controlling wheel mounted concentrically to the said axis, but so that it cannot
be taken around with the revolving slide, means for rotating this wheel and a
mechanism by which a translatory movement of the slide is derived from the rotary
movement of the controlling wheel, essentially as described.
2. In the combination as described in Claim 1 a mechanism connecting the con-
trolling wheel and the slide and consisting of a fixed toothed rim arranged con-
centrically to the controlling wheel, another concentric toothed rim being part of
the controlling wheel, two planet wheels engaging with said rims and fitted to
revolve with the slide and means connecting the planet wheel, which engages with
the rim of the controlling wheel, and the slide so as to cause the slide to travel in
proportion to the rotation of the controlling wheel, essentially as described.
3. In the combination as described in the preceding claims a rotatable screw
connected with one of the planet wheels, a rotatable sleeve concentric to the said
screw and connected with the other planet wheel and a nut on the said screw
guided in slots of the said sleeve and engaging with the slide, essentially as
described.
4. In the combination as described in the preceding claims the arrangement,
that both toothed rims are beveled and engage with beveled planet wheels carried
by the screw and the sleeve, essentially as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
5. In the combination as described in Claims 1 to 3 the arrangement, that the
planet wheels are spur wheels engaging with the toothed rims and are connected
with the screw and the sleeve by helical or other gearings,, essentially as described
with reference to Fig.. 3.
6. In the combination as described in Claims 1 and 2 a third concentric toothed

page_text: rim mounted to rotate with the angular speed of the revolving slide and engaging
with a spur wheel which is rigidly connected with the planet wheel gearing with
the fixed rim, a fourth concentric toothed rim loosely mounted and engaging with
a spur wheel which is rigidly connected with the planet wheel gearing with the
rim of the controlling wheel, and a gearing connecting the fourth rim with the
slide, essentially as described.
7. In the combination as described in Claims 1, 2 and 6 the arrangement, that
the fourth concentric toothed rim gears with a rack fixed to the slide, essentially
as shown in Fig. 4 to 6.
8. In the combination as described in Claims 1, 2 and 6 the arrangement, that
the fourth concentric toothed rim carries a spirally grooved disk engaging with
a rack or the like. fixed to the slide, essentially as shown in Fig. 7.
9. In the combination as described in Claim I a fixed sleeve, on which the con-
trolling wheel is mounted by means of a screw thread, a rack connected with the
controlling wheel so as to follow the axial displacement of this wheel, and a
pinion engaging with the said rack and geared with another rack fixed to the
slide, essentially as described.
10. In the combination as described in Claims 1 and 9 the arrangement, that
the rack engaging the pinion is a cylindrical one and is concentrically secured to
the controlling wheel, essentially as described.
Data the 14th Al 1800
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
Agents.