IMPROVE- XENTS IN VALVES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Dominicus Kittoe and Peter Brotherhood,
both of 56, Compton Street, Clerkenwell, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Engineers and Millwrights, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
XENTS IN VALVES."
Scaled the 9th July 1869, and dated the 14th January 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Dominicus
Kittoo and Peter Brotherhood at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 14th January 1869.
WO, GEORGE DOMINIOUS KITTOв and PETER BROTHERHOOD, both of
56, Compton Street, Clerkenwell, in the County of Middlesex, Engineers
and Millwrights, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention has for its object the construction of valves for pumps
or generally for passages through which fluids flow in such a manner
that they shall close tightly and without noise on their seats, and that
the trouble and expense of truly and smoothly finishing the faces of the
valves and their seats may be avoided..

page_text: ()ne form of valve which we make is the following:-On the valve at
or near its periphery we fix a ring or edging of caoutchouc projecting
from the face of the valve; this ring or edging is of such a section that
its base where it is attached to the valve has considerable breadth, while
its summit or that part which in closing comes first in contact with the
seat is narrower and rounded. Thus as the valve closes the narrow apex
of the elastic ring or edging in first meeting the seat yields to the
pressure, and as the valve closes farther the compressed material presents
an increasing breadth for resistance. The elastic edging may be fixed
on the seat instead of the valve; the valve or the seat may be either of
metal or of hard caoutchouc, such as ebonite or vulcanite. The edging
may be fixed either by pitchy or resinous cement, or by suitable flanges,
or by moulding it in its soft state into dovetailed recesses formed in the
valve or seat, but we prefer to fix it during the process of vulcanisation.
Another form of valve constructed according to our Invention is as
follows:-The valve is made somewhat smaller than the opening of the
seating so as to enter freely within it, and is provided with a stop so
that the outer face of the valve when closed is flush with the face of the
seat. The valve is covered or edged with caoutchoué or other soft or
elastic material projecting all round the edge of the valve so as to rest
on the scat when the valve is closed and seal the interstice between the
valve and seat. When flap or hinged valves are thus constructed we
prefer to make them with a segmental rib or wing projecting downwards
on each side into recesses formed in the seating to receive them; these
ribs or wings bearing against the bottoms of the recesses when the valve
is closed act as stops to prevent it from going beyond its right position;
and when the valve opens they permit lateral flow, and thus arrest the
passage of solid matters, which if caught under the valve near its
binged edge would prevent it from closing or subject it to undue strain
in the act of closing under pressure.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Dominicus Kittoe and Peter Brotherhood
in the Great Scal Patent Office on the 12th July 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
DOMINICUS KITTOE and PETER BROTHERHOOD, both of 56, Compton

page_text: Street, Olerkenwell, in the County of Middlesex, Engineers and Mill-
wrights, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victorin, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said George Dominicus Kittoe and Peter
Brotherhood, Her special licence that we, the said George Dominicus
Kittoo and Peter Brotherhood, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said George Dominicus Kittoe and Peter
Brotherhood, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
timo agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said George Dominicus Kittoe and Peter Brotherhood, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our,
or one of our or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Dominicus Kittoo, on
behalf of myself and the said Peter Brotherhood, do hereby declaro tho
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:—
"
Our Invention has for its object the construction of valves for pumps
or generally for passages through which fluids flow in such a manner
that they shall close tightly and without noise on their seats, and that
the trouble and expense of truly and smoothly finishing the faces of the
valves and their seats may be avoided.
One form of valve which wo make is the following:-On the valve at
or near its periphery we fix a ring or edging of caoutchouc projecting
from the face of the valve; this ring or edging is of such a section that
its baso where it is attached to the valve has considerable broadth, whilo
its summit or that part which in closing comes first in contact with the

page_text: scat is narrower and rounded. Thus as the valve closes the narrow apex
of the elastic ring or edging in first meeting the seat yields to the
pressure, and as the valve öloses farther the compressed material presents
an increasing breadth for resistance. The elastic edging may be fixed
on the seat instead of the valve; the valve or the seat may be either of
metal or of hard caoutchouc, such as ebonite or vulcanite. The edging
may be fixed either by pitchy or resinous cement, or by suitable flanges,
or by moulding it in its soft state into dovetailed recesses formed in the
valve or scat, but we prefer to fix it during the process of vulcanization.
Another form of valve constructed according to our Invention is as
follows: The valve is made somewhat smaller than the opening of the
seating so as to enter freely within it, and is provided with a stop, so that
the outer face of the valve when closed is flush with the face of the
scat. Tho valve is covered or edged with caoutchouc or other soft or
elastic material projecting all round the edge of the valve so as to rest
on the seat when the valve is closed and seal the interstice between the
valve and seat. When flap or hinged valves are thus constructed we
prefer to make them with a segmental rib or wing projecting downwards
on each side into recesses formed in the seating to receive them; these
ribs or wings bearing against the bottoms of the recesses when the valve
is closed act as stops to prevent it from going beyond its right position,
and when the valve opens they prevent lateral flow, and thus arrest the
passage of solid matters, which if caught under the valve near its hinged
edge would prevent it from closing or subject it to undue strain in the
act of closing under pressure.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents a section of a valve and seat constructed according
to our Invention. a is the seat with opening through it for the passage
of fluid; b is the valve, and c is the caoutchouc edging, which for better
adhesion we prefer to extend in a thin web across the face of the valvo;
d is the guide through which the stem of the valve works, and which
acts as a stop to prevent the valve from rising too far from the seat. We
prefer to introduce at e a ring of caoutchouc or other elastic material to
soften tho beat of the valve as it rises against the stop.
Fig. 2 represents a section of a valve in which the seat is made with a
projecting lip to prevent the caoutchouc edging from being squeezed
in by external pressure when the valve is closed. In this Figure a mode
1

page_text: is represented of fixing the elastic facing to the valve by means of a
plate and screw g.
Fig. 3 represents a section of a double valve with an upper and lower
seat, the valve being fitted with caoutchouc edging on both sides.
Fig. 4 represents a construction of valve which we sometimes adopt
when it is desirable to have no metal backing to the valve. a' is tho
seating, which may be in the form of a grating; 6' is a valve or 'flap
constructed of caoutchouc or other suitable elastic material and guided
on a stem c¹ provided with a button or stop to prevent the flap from
rising too far from the scating. The flap 6' instead of being made fint
as usual in such cases is corrugated; so that the parts of its surface which
bear on the scating have rounded summits of the form represented in
Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
Fig. 5 represents a section of a valve and seat where the elastic edging
is fixed to the scat, or it may be to a plate screwed or otherwise fixed-to
the seat, as indicated by the dotted. lincs.
Fig. 6. represents a valve with elastic edging on the seat and that
portion of the valve which bears on the edging grooved to prevent the
elastic edging from being squeezed out of place by great pressure when
the valve is closed.
Fig. 7 represents a valve and seating with an elastic edging secured to
the scating by means of a ring screwed thereto.
Fig. 8 represents a section of a valve constructed according to our
Invention in which the valve guided on a stem drops sufficiently low
in closing to permit its upper surface to be level with that of the seating.
The valve is somewhat smaller than tho aperture in the seating, so that
it works freely therein, and thus when the valve is down there is a
narrow interstice between the seating and the valve; this interstice is
scaled when the valve is down by an clastic cover or edging & secured
with a guard to the valve, and rising and falling with it.
.
Fig. 9 represents a section, and Fig. 10 a plan of a flap or hinged
valve constructed according to our Invention. is the flap hinged and
covered at the edge with elastic material m; n, n, are two segmental
ribs or wings attached to the valve, one on each side, and working freely
in recesses formed in the seating; these ribs or wings act as stops per-
mitting the valve to close only far enough to bring its face level with
that of the seating, the edging m sealing the interstice. When the valve

page_text: opens the segmental ribs or wings n, n, prevent lateral flow, and thus
arrest the passage of solid matters, which if caught under the valve
near its hinged edge would prevent it from closing or subject it to undue
strain in the act of closing under pressure.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner 5
in which it is to be performed, we would have it understood that we do
not limit ourselves to the precise forms or proportions represented in the
Figures, as they may be varied to suit special circumstances.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Dominicus Kittoe, on
behalf of myself and the said Peter Brotherhood, have hereunto 1
set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.