An Improved Filter for Oil and other Liquids.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 21st Feb., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Filter for Oil and other Liquids.
I, CARL ANTON KOELLNER, of Neumühlen, near Kiel, in the German Empire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a filter for oil and other liquids which is designed
as an improvement on the filter described in my Patent Specification No. 7229
of 1890.
In practice I have found it desirable that the liquid-oil for instance-should
undergo two filtrations as it frequently happens that after a single filtration some
dirt still remains in the oil. It is also desirable to perform the filtering process so
that dirt and water in the oil may settle to the bottom of the container and thus
prevent premature deterioration of the filtering material. Further the container
should be constructed to contain a large quantity of oil for passage through the
filtering material and at the same time as small a quantity as possible that is
stagnant or inoperative.
The object of the invention is to fulfil the aforesaid requirements by means of a
filter with filter beds not only standing adjacent to each other sideways in pairs but
also above one another without largely increasing the size of the apparatus and
without requiring a larger floor space.
In the drawing
Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively a sectional elevation and a section through
line A-B of Fig. 1.
Figs. 3, 4, 5, shew modifications of construction and
Figs. 6, 7, are views of details.
As distinguished from the filter described in my Specification, No 7229 of 1890,
tank 7 (Figs. 1, 5,) serves not only as a collecting vessel but also as a casing for
a horizontal filter bed to the top of which the oil passes from orifices 6 after
having percolated laterally through the upper vertical filter beds.
After passing downwards through the horizontal filter bed the twice filtered
oil is drawn off by cock 8. The container 1 is constructed with an enlargement at
top to increase the effective oil supply.
Fig. 3 shews a filter fed at the bottom through a pipe from a reservoir placed
higher up for which reason the filter beds are closed at top. The oil passes in the
direction shewn by the arrows through the filter beds to the gutters a to be discharged
into a collector or the apparatus may be placed on a tank containing a horizontal
filter bed such as shewn in Figs. 1, 5, with a like result or on a stand b as shewn in
Fig. 7. The filter beds may be in pairs sideways so as to be only two deep and
thus allow of the filtering process being conveniently observed from the outside
and the compression of the filtering material regulated by screws c.
The pipe which connects the apparatus with a reservoir may of course open
into the same at the side or top instead of the bottom. Where the apparatus owing
to want of space cannot well be approached from both sides filter beds located
in a single line instead of in pairs may be employed.
Fig. 4 shews a filter with the upper and lower filter beds arranged horizontally
above one another. The oil container 1 is extended upwards and closed over the
upper filter bed the oil to be filtered passing through this upwards out by pipe d
then to the top of the lower filter bed and through this to be withdrawn by cock 8.
c are screws for regulating the porosity of the filtering material.
Fig. 5 shews a filter similar to that described with reference to Fig. 5 of my
Patent Specification No. 7229 of 1890 with the difference that the oil container 1

page_text: is enlarged at top to increase the effective oil supply and is provided with a second
filter bed placed horizontally as in Fig. 1 and for the same purpose.
Fig. 6 shews separately the cam arrangement 11, 12, 13, 14 for regulating the
porosity of the filtering material.
A horizontal filter bed may also be arranged in container 1 so that the oil or
other liquid would be first filtered from above downwards before passing laterally
or from underneath upwards through the other filter bed, likewise instead of
twice the liquid may be filtered more times in succession through filter beds like
those herein described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1. In apparatus for filtering oil and other liquids, filter beds arranged one above
another in the manner that the liquid to be filtered shall pass through a filter bed
either sideways or from underneath upwards and through a filter from above
downwards substantially as described and shewn.
2. In an apparatus of the kind referred to the arrangement of the filter beds
lengthwise so as to be free on the outside whereby the filtering process may be
observed at all the filter beds and the porosity of the filtering material regulated
by increasing or lessening the compression of the same substantially as described
and shewn.
3. In combination with the filter beds referred to in Claims 1 and 2 a container
for the liquid to be filtered closed or open at top and provided at top with an
enlargement, or which is open at top and extended upwards to reach above the
filtering material for the purpose specified substantially as described and shewn.
Dated this 10th day of January 1891.
CAPITAINE & VON HERTLING,
89, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.