AN IMPROVED ELASTIC SPIGOT AND SOCKET PIPE JOINT FOR GAS, WATER, STEAM, AND LIQUIDS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Reay Forster, of No. 6, Market Street,
"
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED ELASTIC
SPIGOT AND SOCKET PIPE JOINT FOR GAS, WATER, STEAM, AND LIQUIDS.”
Sealed the 30th January 1874, and dated the 18th August 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Reny Forster
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 18th August 1878.
I, JOHN BEAX FORSTER, of No. 6, Market Street, Newcastle-upon-
5 Tyne, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED ELASTIC SPIGOT AND SOCKET PIPE JOINT FOR GAS, WATER, STEAM, AND
LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in the use of an elastic vulcanized india-rubber
circular ring, and in the employment of an additional collar and groove

page_text: cast on the spigot end of the pipe, such collar and groove to be cast
according to the size of the pipe at such distances from the spigot end
as may be required.
The external diameter of the ring is made larger than the internal
diameter of the socket, and internal diameter smaller than the spigot, it
is therefore stretched on to the end of the spigot into the groove made
to receive it, and having been inserted into the end of the socket is
forced home; the ring being elastic yields to its position and becomes
oval in shape, pressing tight against the collar and inner surfaces of the
pipe, thus forming a perfect joint.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Reay Forster in the Great Seal Patent
- Office on the 18th February 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN REAY
FORSTER, of No. 6, Market Street, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said John Reay Forster, Her
special license that I, the said John Reay Forster, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Reay
Forster, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED ELASTIC SPIGOT AND SOCKET PIPE JOINT FOR GAS, WATER, STEAM,
AND LIQUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Reay Forster, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same

page_text: to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Reay Forster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The Invention consists in the use of an elastic vulcanized india-rubber
circular ring, and in the employment of an additional collar and groove
cast on the spigot end of the pipe, such collar and groove to be cast
according to the size of the pipe at such distances from the spigot end
as may be required.
The external diameter of the ring is made larger than the internal
diameter of the socket, and the internal diameter smaller than the
spigot, it is therefore stretched on to the end of the spigot into the
groove made to receive it, and having been inserted into the end of
the socket is forced home; the ring being elastic yields to its position
and becomes oval in shape, pressing tight against the collar and inner
surfaces of the pipe, thus forming a perfect joint. .
The Drawing hereunto annexed shews a spigot and socket pipe joint
constructed as above described.
A is the circular elastic vulcanized india-rubber ring; B and C are
the additional collar and groove cast on the spigot end of the pipe; the
spigot and sooket ends are marked by the letters. D and E.
The external diameter of the india-rubber ring A is, as above stated,
made larger than the internal diameter of the socket D, and the internal
diameter smaller than the spigot E, it is therefore stretched over the
spigot end of the pipe into the groove O, and having been inserted into
the end of the socket is forced home. The groove is made to receive
the ring previous to being inserted into the socket end of the pipe.
The collar is made to prevent the ring being blown out under high
pressures and to support the end of the pipe inside the socket from any
undue weight that may be resting upon or traversing the ground
through which it passes.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that I claim, the
construction of an elastic spigot and socket pipe joint, substantially as
herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Reay Forster, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.