IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HOSE PIPES, AND IN LOOMS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Matthew Smith, of Ashton-under-Lync, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist, and George Hilton Smith, of
Manchester, in the same County, Machine Maker, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HOSE PIPES, AND IN LOOMS
Sealed the 6th August 1875, and dated the 2nd June 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Matthew Smith and
George Hilton Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 2nd June 1875.
We, MATTHEW SMITH, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of
Lancaster, Machinist, and GEORGE HILTON SMITH, of Manchester, in
the same County, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HOSE PIPES,
AND IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING THE SAME, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
Our improvements in the manufacture of hose pipes consist in
doubling three or other convenient number of yarns together at an equal

page_text: tension for the warp. The bobbins of yarn are mounted on a revolving
table, and each yarn is taken through the upright arm of an elbow lever;
when an end breaks the horizontal arm of the clbow lever comes against
a stop and stops the machine, and at the same time a pair of shears cuts
off the other ends to prevent the further supply of
yarn.
Also in passing a cord through the hose when woven, the object of
which is to prevent bursting when the hose is doubled up, the cord
causes a small opening to be left for the passage of the water, and thus
prevents the entire stoppage of the flow.
Also in weaving a cotton hose to be used as a lining to the linen
hose, instead of lining the same with cotton fabric as now customary.
Our Invention also relates to the apparatus for moving the shuttle,
and to the taking-up motion of looms for weaving hose pipes and other
articles.
According to this Invention the shuttle, instead of being thrown from
onc shuttle box to the other as now customary, is passed into the shed
by one shuttle box and then caught hold of by the other shuttle box
and drawn through. The two shuttle boxes are traversed to and fro on
each side of the loom by cranks actuating cross bars, to which the
shuttle boxes are connected. The shuttle is held in the shuttle box by
a spring, and these springs are released when required by a sliding bar
actuated by a scroll cam or other equivalents. The weft is drawn off a
bobbin in the shuttle, instead of being drawn endwise off a pirn or cop
as usual, this produces a more even drag on the weft.
Our improvements in the taking-up motion consist in driving the
lever that actuates the taking-up ratchet wheel by means of a spring
lever, which imparts the requisite motion so long as the loom is working
in the proper direction, but which yields when the loom is turned back
to find a broken end, or for other purpose, and therefore imparts no
motion to the taking-up roller.
Also in making fine ratchet teeth on the taking-up roller to obtain
firm hold of the article that is being woven and supporting the press
roller in diagonal slots, which causes the tension of the cloth to bind the
press roller on the taking-up roller.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Matthew Smith and George Hilton Smith in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st December 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, MATTHEW
3 SMITH, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist,
and GEORGE HILTON SMITH, of Manchester, in the same County, Machine
Maker, sond greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Matthew Smith and George Hilton
Smith, Her special licence that we, the said Matthew Smith and George
Hilton Smith, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Matthew Smith and George Hilton Smith, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HOSE PIPES, AND IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING THE
SAME AND FOR OTher Purposes,” upon the condition (amongst others) that.
we, the said Matthew Smith and George Hilton Smith, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of our or their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Matthew Smith and George
Hilton Smith, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
Our improvements in the manufacture of hose pipes and other,

page_text: '
First. In an improved apparatus for doubling two or other convenient
number of yarns together at an equal tension to form the warp.
Secondly. In passing a cord through the hose when woven, the object
of which is to prevent bursting when the hose is doubled up.
Thirdly. In weaving a cotton hose to be used as a lining to the linen 5
hose, instead of lining the same with cotton fabric, as now customary.
Our improvements in looms for weaving hose pipes and other articles
relate to the apparatus for moving the shuttle, and to the taking-up
motion.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood we will 1
proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Fig. 1 is an elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan of our improved apparatus
for doubling three yarns together to form the warp used in weaving
hose pipes and for other articles.
a is a revolving table, to which are fixed the slotted picces b, b, for
supporting the bobbins c, c. The light elbow levers d, d, swivel on
studs fitting in brackets fixed to the table a, and the three yarns to be
doubled together pass through eyes in the upper arms of the elbow
levers, and are united in the guide e. The doubled yarn is wound on a
bobbin in the usual manner. Below the centre of the table a is the
driving spindle f, the upper end of which is provided with a taper
socket to receive the taper plug fixed in the centre of the table. This
taper plug passes through a slot in the angle piece g, which is guided by
the fixed stud 1. To the angle piece 7 is rivetted the spring catch g¹
and the weight g² is suspended to it. Above the guide e are the shears i,
one arm being a fixture, and the other arm is connected to the angle
piece g by the cord g³.
The mode of operation is as follows:-So long as the yarns continue
to be delivered from the bobbins c the horizontal arms of the elbow
levers d are held out of contact with the spring catch g', which is
hooked on the end of the stud h, but when an end breaks the corre-
sponding elbow lever being no longer held up by the yarn falls over and
allows the horizontal arm to strike against the spring catch as the table
revolves, thereby releasing the spring catch, the weight 9 then draws
down the angle piece g, whereby the table a is slightly raised so as to
lift the taper plug partly out of its socket to stop the table, and at the

page_text: same time the cord ³ being tightened closes the shears and cuts off the
unbroken ends of yarn; by this means uneven thicknesses of warp are
prevented.
We wish to remark that the number of bobbins c and elbow levers d
may be varied to increase or reduce the number of yarns doubled or
united together.
The second part of our Invention consists in passing a cord through
the hose when woven, the object of which is to prevent the bursting of
the hose when water under pressure is admitted and the hose is doubled
up. The cord causes a small opening to be left for the passage of the
water, and thus prevents the entire stoppage of the 'flow.
The third part of our Invention consists in weaving a cotton hose to
be used as a lining to the linen hose, instead of lining the same with
cotton fabric as now customary.
Fig. 3 is a side view, Fig. 4 a front elevation, and Fig. 5 a plan of our
improved machinery for weaving hose pipes and other articles.
jis the crank shaft, which is driven by gearing as shewn in Fig. 3,
or otherwise; k is the tappet shaft; 1, the layswords; m, the warp beam ;
and n, the rocking shaft, all of which are made as usual. At each end
of the tappet shaft k is fixed a bevel wheel k¹ gearing into pinions o' on
the side shafts o. To each side shaft is fixed a lever o³, in which are
studs taking into the angle slots in the plates p, p¹, one of which is
fixed to each of the cross sliding bars q, q¹. These bars are supported
by grooved antifriction bowls mounted on studs fixed to brackets inside
the loom sides.
The stud passing through the right-hand plate p, see Fig. 4, is pro-
longed through the plate, and is furnished with a bowl which acts on
the spring lever x by which the taking-up roller r is driven. The spring
lever x is fixed to the same axle as the lever x³, which by means of the
link gives motion to the catch lever x³, which actuates a ratchet
wheel fixed to the worm x* gearing into the wheel on the taking-up
roller r.
The hose is carried around the press roller 73 which is sup-
ported in diagonal slots, then under the taking-up roller r, and then
around suitable guide rollers to the beam or reel 8, on to which it is
wound. The reel or beam & is turned round by a ratchet wheel actuated
from the rocking shaft lever n', or in any other suitable manner.

page_text: The spring lever x above referred to is provided with a knife hinge,
the object of which is to allow the taking-up roller to receive its due
amount of taking-up motion so long as the loom is working in the
proper direction, but which yields when the loom is turned back to find
a broken end or for other purpose, and therefore imparts no motion to
the taking-up roller.
The taking-up roller and the press roller are made with fine ratchet
teeth, as shewn in Fig. 6, so as to obtain firm hold of the hose or other
article that is being woven. The object of supporting the press roller in
diagonal slots is to cause the press roller to bind the hose or other
article firmly between it and the taking-up roller.
The mechanism for moving the shuttle to and fro consists of the
following parts:-To each of the layswords are fixed two flat bars 1ª, 1',
which serve as guides for the loose shuttle boxes t, which are moved to
and fro by means of the brackets q² and q³ fixed to the cross sliding
bars q, q', each bracket fitting between antifriction bowls connected to
the shuttle boxes. The lay swords also support the sliding bar or
frame u, which is traversed slightly to and fro by the scroll cam o³,
shown in Fig. 4, or by other equivalent. The curved key working in
the grooves of the scroll cam acts on the bar ¹, the end of which takes
in a slot in the lower end of the lever u², which vibrates on a stud fixed
in one of the layswords, and the upper end of the lever u fits in a hole
in the frame u. By this arrangement the frame u is moved to and fro
for every two revolutions of the side shafts o. To this frame are cast
projecting pins, which act alternately on the springs fixed to the
shuttle boxes t, and the catches on the springs t¹ take hold alternately
of the shuttle v, shewn detached in Figs. 7 and 8. The weft is wound
on the bobbin v¹ supported in the shuttle v, and is unwound off the said
bobbin instead of being drawn endwise off a pirn or cop as usual. The
bobbin is acted upon by a spring o² to regulate the 'tension, thereby
producing a more even drag on the weft than heretofore.
The mode of operation is as follows, and the Drawing represents the
parts in the positions they occupy when the shed is open, and when the
shuttle is being drawn through the shed in the direction of the arrow
in Fig. 5:—When the cross sliding bars q, q', have been moved outwards
to draw the weft through the shed they return again towards the centre
of the loom; the spring of the left-hand shuttle box is then drawn

page_text: And, lastly. Supporting the press roller of the taking-up roller in
diagonal slots, for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Matthew Smith and George
Hilton Smith, have hereto set our hands and seals, this Thirtieth
day of November, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.