Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1886.
Complete Left, 15th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 18th Jan., 1887.
I, WILLIAM TULLY, of Kennington Park, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to apparatus of the kind or class described in the specifications
of my former Letters Patent dated, 21st October A.D. 1879, No. 4273 and
15th February A.D. 1881, No. 635.
My present invention is partly designed to increase the efficiency of such apparatus
for securely fastening the ends of tubes in steam-boilers, condensers or the like. It is
further designed to provide for the adaptation of such apparatus for other purposes,
such as beading the ends of the tubes, cutting the said tubes to facilitate their
removal from the boiler or condenser, and re-boring or broaching the holes in the
tube-plates.
An important feature of my present invention is the employment of what I term
a swivel mandrel. Heretofore the mandrel has consisted of a single piece, the rotation
of which has been prevented by a set-screw inserted in the cylinder or casing of the
apparatus, and projecting into a longitudinal groove or channel in the said mandrel.
But I have ascertained that more advantageous results can be obtained if the taper
part of the mandrel is capable of rotation. I therefore make the mandrel in two parts
one of which is parallel or cylindrical and the other taper, and I unite these two parts
in such a manner that either of them can rotate independently of the other but is
restrained from longitudinal or endwise movement independently thereof. I form in
the cylindrical part of the mandrel a longitudinal groove or channel into which
projects a set-screw inserted into the casing or I provide other suitable means for
preventing the rotation of this part of the mandrel, but permitting the endwise
movement of the mandrel as a whole.

page_text: Another important feature of my said invention consists in the employment of
either taper or parallel rollers of larger diameter than those heretofore used in this
class of apparatus, so that I am enabled to dispense with the segments forming the
annular piece or split collar or ring described in the said former specification No. 635.
I thus provide for ensuring the better working of the apparatus as a tube-fastener.
I usually make the taper portion of the mandrel and the rollers of such relative
shape that, when the apparatus is in use, the exterior sides of the rollers will be
parallel to the axis of the inandrel and the said rollers will bear uniformly throughout
their length upon the interior surface of the tube to be expanded. But in some
instances it is desirable that the end of the tube when expanded should be slightly
bell-mouthed. For this purpose I use a taper mandrel and parallel rollers.
Another feature of my invention consists in the provision of means whereby the
apparatus can be readily adjusted to suit variations in the extent to which
the tubes project beyond the tube-plate. For this purpose I fit upon the casing
of the apparatus a ring or collar which is provided with a set-screw or other suitable
means whereby it can be secured in any desired position on the said casing. When
a set-screw is employed for this purpose I prefer to form in the exterior of the said
casing a series of recesses or cavities into one or other of which the point of the
set-screw will enter, according to the position of the said collar. This collar is made
of such internal diameter that it will pass over the end of the tube to be expanded.
When this collar is properly adjusted, it will, on the insertion of the apparatus into a
tube, come in contact with the tube-plate and thus regulate the position of the
expanding rollers within the tube. When the casing of the apparatus is parallel
throughout its length, the said collar must be made with an enlargement or cup-shaped
portion to pass over the end of the tube.
To adapt the apparatus for beading or turning over the ends of tubes, I fit and
secure upon the casing of the apparatus a ring or annular piece within which a series
of small wheels or rollers are fitted to rotate upon pins or studs. These wheels or
rollers are so arranged that, when the apparatus is applied to the end of a tube, the
said wheels or rollers will bear against the edge of the said tube. The said ring or
annular piece is provided with ratchet teeth and has fitted on it a lever or handle
provided with a pawl whereby the said ring can be rotated. A nut or other suitable
device is provided for moving the said ring forward as the beading operation
progresses. The said wheels or rollers are of such shape in transverse section that
they will be caused, by the rotation and feeding forward of the ring, to turn over the
end of the tube as required. In place of the said wheels or rollers, I can employ other
devices which will act similarly upon the edge of the tube.
To adapt the apparatus for re-boring or broaching the holes in the tube-plates, I
remove the rollers which are used for expanding the tubes, and, in the cavities formed
in the casing for the reception of these rollers, I insert segmental pieces preferably of
such shape that they completely surround the lower part of the said casing. The said
segmental pieces are provided externally with teeth or cutting edges like an ordinary
broach. To use the apparatus as a broach, the end thereof carrying the said pieces
is inserted in the hole in the tube-plate, the said pieces are then forced outward as
required by means of the mandrel, and the apparatus is rotated, the said hole is thus
enlarged and any imperfections that may exist in the edges of the plate around the
same are removed. It is obvious that the apparatus arranged in this manner can be
used for boring or reaming out holes for other purposes.
It has been customary heretofore in removing tubes from a boiler to cut the same
with a chisel a short distance from the inner surface of the tube-plate. But by this
method the tubes are often split or otherwise so injured as to render them useless. By
my invention I provide for cutting the tubes from the interior, in such a manner that
there is no liability to splitting or other injury to the tubes. For this purpose I
substitute for the said segmental pieces, other pieces so shaped that, when placed
together, they will constitute a rotary cutter, which can be expanded as required by
means of the mandrel. To use the apparatus for cutting a tube, the end thereof
carrying the said cutter is inserted into the said tube until the cutter is the desired

page_text: distance from the inner surface of the tube-plate; the apparatus is then rotated, the
cutter being from time to time expanded until the tube has been cut through.
This rotary cutter is sometimes fitted upon the apparatus and expanded within a
tube to firmly hold the casing of the apparatus while the aforesaid ring is being rotated
to bead or turn over the end of the said tube.
I have herein before described what I believe to be the most advantageous forms of
construction for adapting my Apparatus for the several purposes above specified, but
I wish it understood that I do not limit myself to any special construction of the
apparatus as the same may be somewhat modified if desired without departing from
the nature of my invention.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements relating to Expanding, Beading, and Cutting Apparatus,
Chiefly Designed for Securing Tubes in Steam-boilers, Condensers,
or the like.
1, WILLIAM TULLY, of Kennington Park, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to apparatus which is chiefly designed for use in securing the
ends of tubes in the tube-plates of steam-boilers, condensers and the like.
One object of my said invention is to increase the efficiency of the apparatus
described in the specifications of former Letters Patent granted to me and dated
21st October A.D. 1879, No. 4273, and 15th February A.D. 1881, No. 635, for
expanding the ends of boiler and other tubes to securely fasten the same in the tube-
plates. Another object of my said invention is to provide for the adaptation of such
apparatus for the purposes of beading the ends of the tubes, cutting the said tubes to
facilitate their removal from the boiler or condenser, and re-boring or broaching the
holes in the tube-plates, or for effecting any of these operations.
An important feature of my present invention is the employment of what I term a
swivel mandrel. In apparatus of the kind above referred to, the mandrel has hereto-
fore consisted of a single piece, the independent rotation of which has been prevented
by a set-screw inserted in the cylinder or casing of the apparatus and projecting into
a longitudinal groove or channel in the said mandrel. Now I have found that more
advantageous results can be obtained if the taper part of the mandrel is capable of
rotation independently of the said cylinder or casing. I therefore make the mandrel
in two parts one of which is parallel or cylindrical and the other of which is taper or
conical, and I unite these two parts in such a manner that one part can be rotated
without causing the rotation of the other part.
Another important feature of my said invention consists in the construction of the
apparatus in such a manner that I am enabled to dispense with the segments forming
the annular piece or split collar or ring described in the said former specification
No. 635. For this purpose, I employ either taper or parallel rollers of larger diameter
than those heretofore used in this class of apparatus, and I so arrange the said rollers
that they bear directly against the taper part of the mandrel. I thus provide for
ensuring the more efficient working of the apparatus as a tube-fastener or tube-
expander.
Another feature of my invention consists in the provision of means whereby the
apparatus can be readily adjusted to suit variations in the extent to which the tubes

page_text: project beyond the tube-plate. For this purpose, I employ a ring or collar which is
fitted and secured with a capability of adjustment upon the cylinder or casing of the
apparatus.
My said invention, moreover, comprises various other improvements hereinafter set
forth.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a tube-expander constructed according to my present
improvements.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal central section of the same, some of the parts being
shown in elevation.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation illustrating the adaptation of my apparatus for the
purpose of beading the ends of boiler and other tubes.
Figure 4 is a transverse section on the line x, x, Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a side elevation and
Figure 6 an end elevation, both drawn to an enlarged scale, of a part of the appa-
ratus detached.
Figure 7 is a sectional elevation and
Figure 8 an end elevation illustrating the adaptation of my apparatus for the
purpose of cutting boiler and other tubes.
Figure 9 is a side elevation, and
Figure 10 an end elevation, both drawn to an enlarged scale, of a part of the
cutting apparatus detached.
Figure 11 is a sectional elevation illustrating the adaptation of my apparatus for the
purpose of broaching the holes in tube plates.
Figure 12 is a side clevation and
Figure 13 an end elevation, both drawn to an enlarged scalo, of a part of the
broaching apparatus détached.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawing.
a is a hollow cylinder forming a part of the casing of the apparatus; b is a chamber
which is screwed upon the front end of the said cylinder and which forms another part
of the said casing; c, c¹ are the two parts of the mandrel, the part e of which is
cylindrical and the part c¹ taper or conical. The taper part c¹ is formed with an
extension having therein an annular groove or channel c². The two parts c, c¹ are
united by means of a pin d inserted in a hole in the part c and extending into the said
groove or channel, so that the part c' is capable of rotation on the part e but is
prevented from moving endwise independently thereof. The two parts are thus united
by a swivel-joint. The part c is formed with a longitudinal groove or channel c³ into
which projects the end of a screw a¹ inserted in the casing a. e, e are the rollers which
are inserted in the chamber b and project through openings therein. f is the
screw for adjusting the mandrel as desired. g is a handle for imparting rotary
motion to the casing a and mandrel c, c¹ through the medium of the pawl and
ratchet wheel i.
The rollers e are made of larger diameter than heretofore and are so arranged that
they bear directly against the mandrel, the segments forming the annular piece or split
collar or ring described in the said former specification No. 635 being dispensed with.
I prefer, in some instances, to make the said rollers taper or conical as shown, so
that, when they bear against the taper portion c¹ of the mandrel, their outer sides will
be parallel to the axis of the mandrel and the said rollers will bear uniformly through-
out their length against the interior surface of the tube to be expanded. It is some
times desirable, however, that the end of the tube, when expanded, should be slightly
bell-mouthed. In such cases, I use a taper mandrel and parallel or cylindrical rollers.
j is a ring or collar which is fitted upon the part of the chamber band is secured
thereon by means of a set-screw j¹. By slackening this set-screw and moving the said
collar in one or the other direction upon the chamber b, the apparatus can be readily
adjusted to suit variations in the extent to which the tubes project beyond the tube-
plate. Other suitable. means may be provided for securing the collar j in any desired

page_text: position on the chamber b. When a set-screw is employed for this purpose, I prefer
to form in the exterior of the part 6 of the said chamber a series of recesses or
cavities, into one or other of which the point of the set-screw will enter, according to
the position of the said collar. The said collar is made of such internal diameter that
it will pass over the end of the tube to be expanded. When this collar is properly
adjusted it will, on the insertion of the chamber b into a tube, come in contact with
the tube-plate and thus regulate or determine the position of the rollers e within the
said tube. When the diameter of the part is less than that of the tube to be
expanded, the said collar j must be made with an enlarged portion to pass over the end
of the tube. This adjustable ring or collar is applicable to my tube expander as here-
tofore constructed.
To provide for retaining the rollers e in the chamber b, I sometimes form circum-
ferential grooves e¹ in the said rollers, and place around the said rollers and the
chamber b split rings or spring rings e³ of steel. These rings fit within the grooves
in the rollers so that they do not affect the action of the said rollers. Any other
--suitable means. may, however, be provided for retaining the rollers in the said
chamber.
The handle g is held in place upon the casing a by a collar g¹ secured upon the said
casing by means of a screw a². When the apparatus is to be converted into a tube-
beader, I remove this collar and the handle g and pawl h, and unscrew the chamber b
from the casing a. I then withdraw the mandrel c, c¹ from the casing a and insert a
larger mandrel, such as that shown in Figure 3. In some instances, the same mandrel
might be used; this will depend, however, upon the construction of the apparatus. To
adapt my apparatus for beading or turning over the ends of the tubes, I then screw
upon the casing a a chamber 6 (Figures 3 and 4) and I fit upon the part 6₁ thereof a
collar or annular piece k within which a series of small wheels or rollers k¹ are fitted
to rotate upon pins or studs k². These wheels or rollers are so arranged that, when
the apparatus is applied to the end of a tube, the said wheels or rollers will bear
against the edge of the said tube. The said collar or annular piece is provided with
ratchet teeth and has fitted upon it a lover or handle g* provided with a pawl h¹
whereby the said collar can be rotated.
The part 6 of the chamber b³ is screw-threaded and a nut is screwed thereon for
the purpose of feeding or moving forward the said collar or annular piece k, as the
beading operation progresses. The said wheels or rollers are of such shape in trans-
verse section that they will be caused, by the rotation and feeding forward of the said
collar, to turn over the end of the tube as required. In place of the said wheels or
rollers, I sometimes employ other devices which will act in a similar manner upon the
edge of a tube.
To provide for firmly securing the apparatus in the tube during the beading opera-
tion, I employ segmental pieces or sections m, one of which is shown in Figures
and 6. These pieces or sections are formed with a series of circumferential projections m¹
triangular in transverse section. Each piece m is, moreover, provided with a rib
or projection m² adapted to fit into an opening in the chamber 62 as shown in Figures
3 and 4, and to bear against the taper part c¹ of the mandrel. By inserting the end
of the chamber 62 into the tube and forcing the mandrel forward by means of the
screw, the projections m¹ on the segments m may be forced more or less into the
substance of the tube and will hold the apparatus firmly therein while the collar k is
adjusted by means of the nut l. Other suitable devices may be used instead of the
pieces m, for holding the apparatus in the tube.
It has been customary heretofore, in removing tubes from a boiler, to cut the said
tubes circumferentially with a chisel a short distance from the inner surface of the
tube-plate. By this method, the tubes are often split or otherwise so injured as to
render them useless. By my invention, I provide for cutting the tubes from the
interior thereof in such a manner that there is no liability to splitting of the tubes or
other injury thereto. For this purpose, I employ segmental pieces n (Figures 7 and 8)
which are so shaped that, when placed together, they will constitute a rotary. cutter.

page_text: One of these pieces is shown in Figures 9 and 10; each of the said pieces is made
with a stud or projection n' which fits into an opening in the chamber 62 and bears
against the taper part of the mandrel. For operating these cutters, I employ the
handle g secured upon the casing a, as shown in Figure 1. I prefer to provide each
of the cutters n with a rim or projection n², and to place upon the said segments,
when inserted in the chamber, a split ring n³ to prevent the falling of the cutters
from the said chamber. This ring will expand and contract when the mandrel is
moved forward and drawn back. The cutters are preferably formed with teeth or
cutting edges, as shown in Figures 9 and 10; they may, however, be otherwise formed
and arranged if desired. In using the apparatus for cutting a tube, the chamber b
and cutters n are inserted into the said tube until the cutters are the desired distance
from the inner surface of the tube-plate; the apparatus is then rotated, the cutters
being from time to time forced outward by the mandrel until the tube has been cut
through. The ends of the tubes may afterwards be removed from the tube-plates by
cutting them longitudinally with a chisel. I prefer to place a ferrule or short piece n*
of iron pipe upon the chamber 62 to steady the apparatus in the tube.
To adapt my apparatus for re-boring or broaching the holes in a tube-plate, I
remove the cutters n and insert in the larger openings in the chamber ³, segmental
pieces p preferably of such shape that, when placed upon the said chamber, they
completely surround the forward part thereof. The said segmental pieces are provided
externally with cutting edges like an ordinary broach. To use the apparatus as a
broach, the end thereof carrying the said pieces is inserted in a hole in the tube-plate,
the apparatus is rotated, and the said pieces are from time to time forced outward as
required by means of the mandrel; the hole is thus enlarged and any imperfections
that may exist in the edges of the plate around the same are removed. It is obvious
that the apparatus arranged in this manner can be used for boring or reaming out
holes for other purposes.
I have hereinbefore described what I believe to be the most advantageous forms of
construction for adapting my apparatus for the several purposes above specified, but I
wish it understood that I do not limit myself to the details of construction above
described as the same may be somewhat modified, if desired, without departing from
the nature of my invention.
:―
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I wish it understood that I claim :-
First. The employment, for the purposes herein specified, of a mandrel consisting
of two parts united by a swivel-joint as hereinbefore described.
Second. The combination, with an adjustable taper mandrel arranged within a casing
as hereinbefore described, of taper or conical rollers so placed relatively to the said
mandrel that their outer sides are parallel with the axis thereof, substantially as, and
for the purpose, set forth.
Third. The combination, with the other parts of my tube-expander, of an adjustable
ring or collar fitted and secured upon the casing thereof, substantially as, and for the
purpose, set forth.
Fourth. The above described improvements in my tube-expander whereby I am
enabled to dispense with the segments heretofore used in the chamber containing the
rollers.
Fifth. The combination, with the rollers arranged around the mandrel within the
chamber or casing of the apparatus, of one or more spring-rings for retaining the
said rollers in the said chamber or casing, substantially as set forth.
Sixth. The improved tube-expander consisting of the parts constructed and
combined substantially as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawing
for the purposes specified.
Seventh. The combination, with an adjustable taper mandrel arranged within a
casing substantially as hereinbefore described, of interchangeable devices for expanding
the ends of boiler and other tubes, beading the same, cutting such tubes to facilitate

page_text: their removal from the tube-plates, and re-boring or broaching the holes in the tube-
plates, or for effecting any two or more of these operations.
Eighth. The above described improvements whereby I adapt my apparatus for
beading the ends of boiler and other tubes.
Ninth. The above described improvements whereby I adapt my apparatus for
cutting boiler and other tubes as above specified.
Tenth. The above described improvements whereby I adapt my apparatus for
re-boring or broaching holes in tube-plates or the like, as above specified.
Eleventh. The improved apparatus comprising the casing a, the mandrel c, c¹, the
adjusting screw fand the interchangeable devices constructed and arranged to operate
substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawing for the purposes
specified.
W. TULLY.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.