Soles and other Surfaces.
Year: 1885

page_text: Soles and other Surfaces.
I WALTER SMARTT of Buckhurst Hill in the County of Essex, Gentleman do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PREPARATION OF VULCANIZED INDIA RUBBER AND THE SEVERAL ANALOGOUS
SUBSTANCES FOR ATTACHING TO BOOT SOLES AND OTHER SURFACES, to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is to form suitable surfaces upon India rubber goods,
and goods of analogous substances (herein after called "rubber ") to receive the
cement or other adhesive material, for attaching sheets or other pieces of rubber to
boot soles or other surfaces.
While forming the rubber into such sheets or pieces and (preferably) while in a
soft state, I lay or place upon such surfaces, cloth, canvas or other suitable material
(hereinafter called "cloth" and (if necessary) add such pressure thereto that the
rubber takes the impression of the cloth, the cloth also adhering thereto, until
separated as hereinafter described.
The cloth is selected to suit the object for which the rubber is to be used, the size
of the instertices, openings or inequalities, being sufficiently large, deep and
numerous to suitably roughen the rubber and prepare it for receiving the cement
or other adhesive material.
After vulcanization I separate the cloth from the rubber. This is most readily
effected if the materials are made wet or well moistened-Any moisture remaining
on the rubber can be afterwards evaporated therefrom.
I then cast the surface or surfaces of the rubber from which the cloth has been
separated, with any suitable cement, the nature of which depends on the purpose
for which the material is intended.
The complete article is then ready for use at any time, and for many purposes.
In applying such prepared rubber to the soles of boots and shoes, the sole is
brushed or otherwise made practically clean, and both that and the cemented
surface of the rubber are made sufficiently warm to cause them to unite, some
pressure being applied to assist the operation-the edges are then pared to the
shape of the sole.
In applying the rubber to other purposes, the operation is analogous to that
above described, the degree of roughness being varied to suit the nature of the
materials.
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: Soles and other Surfaces.
I, WALTER SMARTT, of Buckhurst Hill, in the County of Essex, Gentleman do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The object of my invention is to form suitable surfaces sufficiently free from
more suitable roughness,
chalk and other nonadhésive matters, and with
inequalities, or projections than have hitherto been obtained upon vulcanized
india rubber goods, and goods of analogous substances (herein after called
"rubber "j to receive the cement or other adhesive material, for attaching sheets or
other pieces of rubber to boot soles or other surfaces.
While forming the rubber into such sheets or pieces, and (preferably) while in a
soft state previous to vulcanization, I roll lay or place upon such surfaces cloth,
canvas, or other suitable material (herein after called "cloth ") or I roll the rubber
on to the cloth and (if necessary) add such pressure thereto, that the rubber passes
more or less into, or through, or takes the impression of the cloth, the cloth also
adhering thereto, until separated as herein after described.
The cloth is selected to suit the object for which the rubber is to be used. It is
preferred free from chalk and other such extraneous matters, the size of the
interstices, openings or inequalities, being sufficiently large deep and numerous to
suitably roughen the rubber, and prepare it for receiving the cement or other
adhesive material.
For most purposes I prefer a cloth so open as to allow the rubber to be forced
through and to form on the other side larger or smaller knobs, which knobs, will
pass through the cloth when the latter is pulled off.
The size of each aperture in the cloth, and consequently of such projection on the
rubber, should depend to an extent upon the strength of the rubber as compared to
the strength of the cement, and especially when the projections, for extra strength
or other reason, enter, or lock, deep into the cement.
Cloth has been pressed upon rubber, to which an unevenness has thereby been
given, but this unevenness is unsuitable both in kind and extent for my purpose,
which is not only to increase the surface but to cause the rubber and cement to be
more or less locked together.
After vulcanization I separate the cloth from the rubber. This is most readily
effected if the materials are made wet or well moistened, when the cloth can
generally be readily pulled off by hand or other power.-Any moisture remaining
on the rubber can be afterwards evaporated therefrom.
I then coat the surface or surfaces of the rubber, from which the cloth has been
separated, with any suitable cement, the nature of which depends on the purpose
for which the material is intended.

page_text: The adhesion of most cements can be strengthened by subjecting the material
when cemented to adequate heat and to pressure.
The complete article is then ready for use at any time, and for many purposes.
In applying such prepared rubber to the soles of boots and shoes, the sole is
brushed, or otherwise made practically clean, and may be roughed, and both that
and the cemented surface of the rubber are made sufficiently warm to cause them
to unite; some pressure being applied to assist the operation; the edges are then
pared to the shape of the sole, or surface, or the rubber may be of the exact
required shape and size previous to attaching.
In applying the rubber to other purposes the operation is analogous to that
above described, the degree of roughness being varied to suit the nature of the
materials.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The preparation of suitable surfaces upon india rubber goods vulcanized or
otherwise to receive cement or other adhesive material substantially as described.
2. The improvements in the preparation of vulcanized india rubber and the
several analogous substances for attaching to boot soles and other surfaces
substantially as described.