An Improved Apparatus for Reducing or Disintegrating Hard Substances.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Apr.. 1898
Complete Specification Left, 20th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 20th Feb., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Apparatus for Reducing or Disintegrating Hard
Substances.
I, ALFRED JORDAN, of 27 Mincing Lane, in the County of London, Commercial
Clerk do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for reducing, disintegrating, crushing, or
grinding hard substances in which the operation is effected by submitting the
substance to the action of a vibrating and a fixed jaw in such manner as to secure
at the same moment a percussive and abrasive action.
It consists firstly in forming the working face of the movable jaw of the shape
of a segment of the involute of a circle; and secondly of the general arrangement
of the parts in such manner as to secure the most efficient action, and the most
perfect result.
The apparatus employed consists of a centre piece capable of oscillating upon a
fixed centre, which oscillation causes the working face of the movable jaw to
simultaneously advance and descend towards its corresponding fixed jaw, thus
crushing or pulverizing the substance between the two jaws.
In order to effect this, the involute crushing surface must be placed at such an
angle relative to the centre of oscillation that the top portion of the crushing
surface shall be at a greater distance from the centre of oscillation than the lower
portion of the working part of the involute surface; that is to say that every
portion of the involute crushing surface except its extreme lower edge must bo
outside a circle which has the same radius as such extreme lower edge and the
centre of which circle is the point or centre of oscillation.
The use of apparatus with jaws of the shape described enables me to produce
disintegration more rapidly and with less expenditure of force than by the use of
any other form of granulating or pulverizing machinery.
In general form two movable jaws one on each side of the same centre piece
and in some cases I attach two or more jaws one above the other upon the same
centre-piece, and utilize them to effect a gradual reduction.
Instead of employing a fixed jaw as one of each pair of jaws, as hereinbefore
described, I in some cases arrange that in the place of the said fixed jaw a jaw
may be used which shall be capable of sliding upwards and downwards in such a
manner that the crushing surface of the opposing moving jaw in its approach
towards the said upwards-and-downwards sliding jaw causes the latter to be drawn
downwards during the breaking down of the substance, but that the sliding jaw is
forced upwards by a spring or springs as soon as the moving jaw has receded
from it.
The degree of fineness of the crushed material may be regulated by means of
wedges disposed at the back of the fixed jaws.
Dated this 21st day of April 1896.
WILLIAM J. MUNDEN,
106 Priory Park Road, Kilburn, London, N.W.,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: .
.
An Improved Apparatus for Reducing or Disintegrating Hard
Substances.
1, ALFRED JORDAN, of 27 Mincing Laue, in the County of Londou, Commercial
Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus for reducing, disintegrating, crushing, or
grinding hard substances in which the operation is effected by submitting the
substance to the action of a vibrating and a fixed jaw in such manner as to secure
at the same moment a percussive and abrasive action.
It consists firstly in forming the working face of the movable jaw of the shape
of a segment of the involute of a circle; and secondly of the general arrangement
of the parts in such manner as to secure the most efficient action, and the most
perfect result.
The apparatus employed consists of a centre piece capable of oscillating upon a
fixed centre, which oscillation causes the working face of the movable jaw to
simultaneously advance and descend towards its corresponding fixed jaw, thus
crushing or pulverizing the substance between the two jaws.
In order to effect this, the involute crushing surface must be placed at such an
angle relative to the centre of oscillation that the top portion of the crushing
surface shall be at a greater distance from the centre of oscillation than the lower
portion of the working part of the involute surface; that is to say that every
portion of the involute crushing surface except its extreme lower edge must be
outside a circle which has the same radius as such extreme lower edge, and
the centre of which circle is the point or centre of oscillation.
The use of apparatus with jaws of the shape described enables me to produce
disintegration more rapidly and with less expenditure of force than by the use of
other form of granulating or pulverizing machinery.
any
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shews a circle and its involute, as well as oue movable jaw, the working
face of which is coincident with the involute.
Fig. 2 is an elevation of a centre-piece baving two involute shaped jaws attached
to it, also shewing two fixed jawɛ.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a moving and a sliding jaw.
Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the sliding jaw.
A circle of any suitable diameter may be chosen for the evolute, and its involute
curve may be described in any convenient manner, or any number of points in the
involute curve may be found, a line passing through. which forms the curve. Any
part of the involute may be chosen as suitable for the curve of the working face,
and in Fig. 1A designates the jaw, the working face a of which is coincident with
a part of the involute. The jaw is fixed to the centre-piece B by bolts a' or other
suitable fastenings which enable it to be taken off and replaced with facility.
C indicates the fixed jaw between the working face o of which and the
face a the substance to be treated is deposited for the purpose of reduction or
disintegration.
lu Fig. 2 the general arrangement of parts is shewn, it being understood that
the fixed jaws, the fixed centre upon which the centre-piece oscillates, and the
bearings for the driving shaft are all fixed to or mounted in a frame, this latter
being omitted from the drawing in order to simplify it. A shaft bis either fixed
rigidly to or mounted in bearings in the frame in such manner that the centre

page_text: piece B can be oscillated either upon or with it is the driving shaft to which a
motion of rotation may be given in any convenient manner, preferably by means of.
a pulley fixed upon the shaft. Upon this driving shaft is fixed an eccentric
sheave working in a block 63 which is capable of sliding vertically in guides
these latter being formed integrally with the upper part of the centre-piece B.. It
is thus obvious that the rotation of the shaft and eccentric 62 will produce an.
oscillation of the centre-piece B about the fixed centro b. The fixed jaws C may
be attached rigidly to the frame of the machine so as to bring their workingr
faces c opposite and in close proximity to the working faces a of the movable
jaws A.
Instead of employing the shaft, eccentric sheave, and sliding block 6', the
centre-piece B can be caused to oscillates on the fixed centre b by any other
convenient means; such for instance as by jointing a connecting rod to any part of
the centre-piece B in such manner that the reciprocation of the connecting rod
oscillates the centre-piece.
'
The working faces a of the movable jaws are, as before stated, shaped as an
involute of a circle, and they are so disposed upon the centre-piece B that the
upper parts of the working faces a are outside the circle 1, 1 (shewn in chain
dotted lines); such circle being described from the centre of oscillation, with a
radius equal to the distance of the lowest portion of the working surface a from.
the centre of oscillation. This arrangement of parts secures that when each of the
working faces a in its turn approaches the fixed jaw C it also descends in such
manner as to secure both a crushing and an abrasive action upon the materials.
under treatment.
The jaws C may be adjusted by means of a wedge-shaped pieco c', which can be.
moved vertically upwards or downwards by means of a hand wheel and sorew o'.
As the back of the wedge-shaped piece c presses against a fixed abutment while
its front presses against the back of the jaw Cit follows that by moving the
wedge-shaped piece c', the jaw C can be adjusted at any convenient and suitable
distance from the movable jaw A, thus securing any degree of fineness of the
arushed material.
The jaws are shewn as having a straight face horizontally, but they may be.
curved if desired.
In some cases, instead of using fixed jaws, I employ jaws which are capable of
sliding vertically as shewn in Figs. 3 and 4. The jaw C is here shewn as capable
of sliding in the frame, and normally forced upwards by helical springs c. When
the material is fed into the space between the jaws A and C, and the movable jaw
begins to descend, it takes with it the jaw C, causing it to move slightly down-.
wards (compressing the spring o), but not to the same extent as the jaw A. By
this means tho abrasive action is secured by the movement of the two jaws at
different velucities. When the movable jaw is receding from the jaw C the latter
is forced upwards to its normal position by the springs c'.
In some cases I attach two or more jaws, one above the other, upon the saine
centre-piece, and utilize them to effect a gradual reduction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-.
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Forming the working surface of the movable jaw of a crushing or disintegrating
machine of the shape of a segment of the involute of a circle, substantially as
described.
2. For use in a machine for reducing or disintegrating hard substances, a
norable jaw the working surface of which is shaped so that any transverse vertical
Bection shews a curve which is a segment of the involute of a circle, substantially
as shewn and described.
3. A machine for reducing or disintegrating hard substances in which the-
movable jaws are attached to a centre-piece and so disposed that the upper parts of

page_text: the working surfaces are outside a circle which is described from the centre of
Oscillation, and the radius of which is equal to the distance of the lower portion
of the working surface from such centre of oscillation, substantially as shewn and
described.
4. For use in a machine for reducing or disintegrating hard substances, the
combination of the centre-piece B, the jaws A with their working surfaces having
the shape of an involute of a circle, the central shaft b, and means for actuating
the centre piece, substantially as shown and described.
5. For use in a machine as bereinbefore described and claimed, the sliding jaw,
and springs, substantially as described and shewn with reference to Figs. 3 and 4..
Dated this 20th day of January 1897.
WILLIAM J. MUNDEN,
75 Chancery Lane, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.