Improvements in the Method of and Means employed for Ventilating Railway Carriages and the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Sept., 1894-Accepted, 20th Oct., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Means employed for Ventilating
Railway Carriages and the like.
I JOHN HENRY BRIERLEY of Derry Mount, St. Mary Cray, in the County of
Kent, Insurance, and Financial Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the method of, and means employed for
ventilating the compartments of railway carriages, cabins of steamers, ships, and the
interiors of tram cars, and like vehicles by means of a pipe, or pipes applied
longitudinally to each carriage, or car, and communicating with the interior of each
compartment, draughts of air, and dust being prevented entering the compartments
by the pipes, or pipe being automatically closed at the fore end when the train or
car is in motion.
Such being the nature, and object of the said invention the following is a
complete description of same reference being had to the accompanying drawings
forming a part of this Specification in which :-
Fig. 1. shews the method of applying the ventilators to the top of a carriage, or
car of which the top end corners only are shewn.
Fig. 2. is a sectional side elevation of the apparatus for opening and closing the
ends of the pipes, one of such apparatuses being placed at each end of the car or
carriage as shewn by Fig. 1.
Fig. 3. is a sectional plan view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4. is a sectional back view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5. is a sectional front view on line A. B of Fig. 3.
According to this invention one, or more pipes 1 are employed and applied
longitudinally to the outside top of each carriage, or car 2 and extending from end
to end of same, the said pipe, or pipes 1 communicating by a pipe or passage way 3
with each compartment of the carriage or car 2. At each end of the pipe or
pipes is a hood, or wind guard 4 which induces suction at the rear end of the
carriage or car 2 and deflects the wind at the foremost end. The pipe, or pipes 1
are open at both ends, and each end is provided with a flap door, or valve 5 so that
the front end of the pipe 1.is automatically closed, as hereinafter described, in
which ever direction the carriage, or car is travelling.
Each flap door, or valve 5 is pivotted or hinged at 6 to its tube 1, and is
provided with a vane 7 fitted as shewn by the drawings. 8 is a lever or arm fixed
to the flap door, or valve 5, and one end of a spiral spring 9 is attached to this arm
or lever, the other end being attached to a fixed point 10, and the spring 9 (or the
spring 9 and a small weight) balances the weight of the valve 5 and maintains it in
its normal position as shewn by Fig. 2. with little tension on the spring 9. If the
carriage is travelling in the direction indicated by the arrow 13 the pressure of
the air against the vane 7 will move the flap door, or valve into the position shewn
by the dotted lines 12 and the front end of the pipe will be closed. If the carriage
travels in the reverse direction, as indicated by the arrow 11, the pressure
of the air will move the flap door or valve into the position indicated by dotted
lines at 14.
It will be seen that in whichever direction the carriage, or car 2 travels
the foremost end (for the time being) of the pipe 1 will, by the pressure of air, be
closed, and the rear ends open, and air rushes through the wide open end of the
hood 4 and escapes by the narrow outlet. This current of air by suction draws

page_text: the air out of the pipe 1 and also the foul, and vitiated air from the top of each
.compartment.
The hood or guard 4 may be without top consisting of sides only.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature, and object of
the said invention, and in what manner the same is to be employed I declare that
what I claim is :-
1 The general construction, arrangement and combination of parts constituting
the improved apparatus for ventilating, and withdrawing foul, and vitiated air from
the interior of railway carriages and the like as herein fully described, and
substantially as illustrated by the annexed drawings.
2. In ventilators for the purpose herein described the use of a tube, or pipe the
end of which is automatically closed or opened by the pressure of the air on a
flap door or valve as herein fully described and substantially as illustrated by the
annexed drawings.
Dated this 14th day of September 1894.
JOHN HENRY BRIERLEY,
By his Agents, Brierley & Howard,
Penny Bank Chambers, Halifax.