An Improved Micrometer Caliper or Gauge for Measuring the Dimensions of Solid Bodies
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 13th Aug., 1900-Accepted, 22nd Sept., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Micrometer Caliper or Gauge for Measuring the
Dimensions of Solid Bodies.
I, FREDERIC ULLMER, of 111, l'entonville Road, in the County of London,
Engineer, &c., do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to this invention the dimensions of solid bodies may be easily and
accurately measured and any variation from a given size or thickness minutely
detected by such variation being multiplied any number of times as may be desired
upon an index.
The instrument for doing which being made somewhat us
follows:-
A moveable circular disc of suitable size and thickness working on an axle
mounted on suitable framework to support it is made to move eccentrically by
means of the hole into which the said axle fits and upon which the said moveable
circular disc moves being placed, a desired distance from the centre of the said
moveable circular disc. Mounted upon the same framework and opposite to the
periphery of the said moveable circular disc is a raised fixed projection of any
suitable shape. Attached to the said moveable circular disc is an arm or pointer
of any convenient length the end of which points towards an index on which is
recorded information relating to the dimensions &c. of solid bodies desired to be
measured.
It will be easily understood that when the moveable circular disc is moved its
periphery approaches nearer to or further away from the periphery of the raised
fixed projection, and an opening of varying size is formed between the peripheries
of the said moveable circular disc and the said raised fixed projection, the capacity
of the said opening being determined by the size of the said moveable circular
disc and the distance from the centre of the hole into which the axle fits and upon
which the said moveable circular disc moves, the larger the diameter of the said
moveable circular disc and the greater the distance from the centre the said hole
is placed the greater the capacity of the said opening and its capability of varia-
tiou.
When it is desired to measure the dimensions of any solid body the same is
placed between the periphery of the moveable circular dise and the periphery of
The raised fixed projection, and the said moveable circular disc is then moved until
the said solid body is in contact with the peripheries of the said moveable circular
disc and the said raised fixed projection and this action moves the end of the arm
or pointer to that part of the index which will record the dimensions of the said
solid body.
If the solid body is of the exact dimensions corresponding with a given size
recorded on the index then the end of the arm or pointer will point exactly to
tbot size, but the slightest, variation from such given size will be minutely
detected by the end of the arm or pointer moving in either direction away from
the given size recorded on the index, such variation being multiplied in propor-
tion to the length of the arm or pointer, the longer the arm or pointer is the

page_text: greater number of times will any variation from a given size be shown multiplied
on the index, thus slight variations in the dimensions of solid bodies impossible
to be detected by calipers or gauges now in general use can be detected by being
most accurately and minutely shown by the arm or pointer on the index.
By making the raised fixed projection moveable so that it can be fixed to the
framework near to or farther away from the moveable circular disc, an instru-
ment otherwise only capable of measuring solid bodies from the smallest dimen-
sions up to, say half an inch, can also be made capable of measuring solid bodies
of larger dimensions, the size of which being governed by the distance the raised
fixed projection is capable of being moved away from the moveable circular disc.
I would have it understood that the term solid bodies is used to distinguish
such from fluid bodies and refers to anything capable of being measured on au
instrument constructed as herein described, and I would have it also understood
that the construction of instruments as herein described may be variously modi-
fied to measure exterior and also interior dimensions of solid bodies of various
shapes and sizes as may be desirable, such departures from the precise construc-
tion as herein described being made without departing from the peculiar char-
acter of my invention.
1000
Au Improved Micrometer Caliper or Gauge for Measuring the
Dimensions of Solid Bodies.
I, FREDERIC ULLMER, of 111, Pentonvillo Road, in the County of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
According to my invention the dimensions of solid bodies may be easily and
accurately measured and any variation from a given size or thickness minutely
detected by such variation being multiplied a number of times as may be desired
upon an index. Instruments for doing which being constructed somewhat as
shown in the accompanying drawings in which:-
--
Fig. 1 is a front view of an instrument for measuring exterior dimensions.
Fig. 2 is a back view of the same instrument.
Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively a front and end view of a portion of the mech-
anism shown in Fig. 1, showing more clearly the manner in which the same is
constructed.
Figs. 5 and 6 are front views of instruments similar in construction io Fig. 1
but of a more convenient shape for some purposes hereinafter to be described.
In Fig. 1, A is the framework on which is mounted fixed and moveable mech-
anism, is a moveable pointer body of suitable size and shape one portion of
which forms an arm or pointer of any convenient length to indicate the size
measured upon the index C, the other portion is approximately circular in shape
and through the medium of its periphery imparts movement to the moveable grip-
ping jaw in a manner hereinafter to be explained. The periphery of the move-
able pointer body B is made to move eccentrically by means of the axle b to
which it is fixed being placed a desired distance from the centre (as shown in
Fige. 3 and 4) and the said axle works free in a hole or bearing in the frame-
work A and has fixed upon one end of it the pinion wheel 61 (as shown in Fig. 2).
The moveable gripping jaw D works free in the slides, d', on the frame-

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loosely
work A and is held in position by the screw which is allowed to be sufficiently
slack to enable the said moveable gripping jaw to move freely in the sand
slides d, d, (the said screw is shown mig. 2) and the connecting ink E
working free on the axles e, c', connects the said moveable gripping jaw
with the periphery of the moveable pointer body B, and the said axle e is placed
central with the periphery of the said moveable pointer body B so that the sand
moveable gripping jaw moves in unison with the movement of the periphery
of the said moveable pointer body B.
To move the moveable gripping jaw D the lever working tree on the axle /
fixed to the framework A has a sector rack at one end of it which gears with the
pinion wheel (as shown in Fig. 2) so that when the said lever is moved the
moveable pointer body 13 also moves and moves the said moveable gripping jaw D.
The other end of the lever is manipulated by the operators finger and the
spring G fixed to the framework A by means of the slotted lug piece
(as shown
in Fig. 2) moves the said lever in the opposite direction to which it is moved
by the operators finger, when the pressure of the finger is removed or slackened
sufficiently.
The sliding scale bar H is fixed to the framework A by a screw or any other
convenient means and is held in position between the slides h, h, and the
pointer I fixed to the framework A by the screw i shows the operator the position
in which to fix the said sliding scale bar H, the position being regulated by the
size of the object measured and information thereof being recorded on the said
sliding scale bar H. This information (as also the information on the index C)
can be of any description but in Figs. 1 and 5 the Whitworth standard of measure-
ment has been chosen to illustrate this on the sliding scale bar H.
Having now fully explained the construction of instruments mude according
to the principles of my invention I will now describe the method of using
them:-
by the
The sliding scale bar H having been fixed in position the desired distance from
the moveable gripping jaw D the instrument is held in the hand and the lever F
is pressed down
operators finger, this causes the moveable
gripping jaw D to move away from the fixed sliding scale bar to
admit the object to be measured, which in Fig. 1 is a flat substance supposed to
be one inch in width and in Fig. 5a round substance supposed to be halt an inch
in diameter. The lever being released the spring operates upon it and the
moveable pointer body B moves until its periphery pressing upon the top of the
moveable gripping jaw 1 causes the said moveable gripping jaw 1 to approach
us near to the fixed sliding scale bar H as the size of the object measured will
allow, holding it firmly in position as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, then if the object
measured is the correct size the arm or pointer on the said moveable pointer
body B will point to central on the index C (as shown in Fig. 5) but if the
object measured is not the correct size (as shown in Fig. 1) then the said arm
or pointer on the said moveable pointer body B will point in either direction away
from central on the said index C, the direction being determined by whether
the object measured is over or under the correct size and the distance being
governed by the amount thereof, so that supposing the finest readings on the said
index C represent one thousandths of an inch then the flat substance shown being
measured has to be reduced 31 of an inch in width to be exactly one inch
in width.
10077
The style and shape of instruments as shown in Fig. 1 are suitablo for taking
some kind of measurements, but other styles and shapes are more convenient for
taking other kinds of measurements, two of which are shown in Figs. 5 and 6.
Fig. 5 being an instrument for measuring work being reduced to sizo in a turning
latho and Fig. 6 being an instrument for measuring printers types, both being
also capable of taking other kinds of measurements.
In Fig. 6 certain mechanism shown in Figs. 1, 2 and ɓ is dispensed with, as

page_text: the periphery of the moveable pointer body B acts directly on the object measured,
whereas in Figs. 1, 2 and 5, the moveable pointer body B acts indirectly on the
object measured through the medium of the moveable gripping jaw D, therefore
I would have it understood that the construction of instruments as hereinbefore
described may be variously modified to measure exterior and interior dimensions
of various shapes and sizes as may be desirable, such departures from the precise
construction as herein before described being made without departing from the
peculiar character of my invention, and I would also have it understood that the
term solid bodies is used to distinguish such from fluid bodies and refers to
anything capable of being measured upon au instrument as hereinbefore described.
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my suid
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A micrometer caliper or gauge having a moveable pointer body placed eccen-
trically upon a spindle or axle, whereby the periphery of the said moveable pointer
body moving eccentrically to its axis touches directly upon the object measured,
as shown in Fig. 6, or through the medium of a moveable gripping jaw, as shown
in Figs. 1 and 5, variation in size of the object measured causing the said move-
able pointer body to move a proportionate amount in either one or other of two
directions and assume a certain position with respect to an index showing the size
of an object measured, variation in size of an object measured being shown multi-
plied a number of times upon the said index the amount thereof being determined
by the greater or lesser degree of eccentricity imparted to the periphery of the
said moveable pointer body by the distance from the centre of the periphery the
said spindle or axle is placed, substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
2. A micrometer caliper or gauge operated by a finger lever constructed in a
manner such as that described at Fig. 2, which upon being released allows the
mechanism under the influence of a spring, or its equivalent, to self-adjust itself
to the size of the object measured, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Dated this Eleventh day of August 1900.
FREDERIC ULLMEK,