IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING LIQUID FROM SOLID SUBSTANCES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66,- Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING LIQUID FROM
SOLID SUBSTANCES." -A communication from abroad by Lyman Smith, of
Erie, in the State of Pennsylvania, United States of America.
Sealed the 4th July 1865, and dated the 21st February 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents; with his Petition, on
the 21st February 1865.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING
LIQUID FROM SOLID SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an apparatus which is particularly intended for
extracting oil from paraffine, but which also can be used for making extracts
of any other material. The Invention consists in subjecting the material to
be extracted to the pressure of the atmosphere by placing it in a tank with a
perforated false bottom, and forming underneath such bottom a more or less
perfect vacuum. The means employed for producing the vacuum are of
different kinds, and can be varied as may be convenient.

page_text: The apparatus consists of a tank made of wood or other suitable material,
and of any convenient shape and size. This tank is provided with a perforated
false bottom, which divides the same. into two compartments. The tank is
elevated to a height of about 30 or 35 feet above a lower tank, and a pipe
descends from the lower compartment of the upper tank into the lower tank.
The lower tank is similar in form to the upper tank, both being made of wood
or any other suitable material, and a stop-cock inserted in the connecting pipe
serves to shut off the communication between the two tanks.
The material to be extracted is placed on the perforated bottom in the
upper tank, and the lower compartment and connecting pipe are filled with
water or other liquid. On opening the stop-cock a partial vacuum is formed
in the lower compartment of the upper tank, and the pressure of the
atmosphere acting on the material in the upper tank facilitates the operation
of making the extract.
Instead of using the descending pipe for the purpose of producing the
vacuum, the upper tank may be made to communicate. with a vacuum pan.
This pan consists of a vessel made of sheet metal or any other suitable material
in the form of a cylinder or in any other convenient form or shape, and it
connects by a pipe with a steam generator or other source from which steam
can be drawn, and another pipe extends from its top. These several pipes
are provided with stop-cocks. When all these cocks are closed, except the
stop-cock in the steam pipe, the pan fills with steam, and the air contained in
the pan may be allowed to escape through the cock or through either of the
other cocks. The cocks aro then closed, and the steam in the pan is allowed
to condense. By these means a vacuum is formed in the pan, and if the stop-
cock is opened the atmospheric pressure is brought to bear on the material to
be extracted, and the operation of making the extract is materially facilitated.
In order to expel the air from the trough under the false bottom an air pipe
is applied.
This apparatus can be used with great advantage for the purpose of
extracting oil from paraffine. If the paraffine is left simply to drain it takes a
long time to separate the oil from it, and a large quantity of oil still remains
adhering to it; but by treating the paraffine in the apparatus above described,
the atmospheric pressure acting on it expels the oil in a very short time, and
much time and labor is saved. It is obvious that this apparatus may also be
used for making extracts from other materials:

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 21st August 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Edward Newton, Her special licence that I, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING LIQUID FROM SOLID
SUBSTANCES," being a communication to me from abroad, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to an apparatus which is particularly intended for
extracting oil from paraffine, but which also can be used for making extracts of
any other material. The Invention consists in subjecting the crude material
from which the extract is to be obtained to the pressure of the atmosphere by
placing it in a tank with a perforated false bottom, and forming underneath
such bottom a more or less perfect vacuum. The means employed for pro-

page_text: ducing the vacuum are of different kinds, and can be varied as may be
.convenient.
The apparatus such as may be used to carry out this Invention is illustrated
in the accompanying Drawing, in which Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of
an apparatus in which a column of liquid is used to produce the vacuum;
Fig. 2 is a similar section of an apparatus in which the vacuum is produced
by the condensation of steam; Fig. 3 is a plan or top view of the apparatus
shewn at Fig. 2.
The apparatus represented in Fig. 1 consists of a tank A, made of wood or
other suitable material, and of any convenient shape and size. This tank is
provided with a perforated false bottom B, which divides the same in two
compartments, as shewn in the Drawing. The tank is elevated on posts, or in
other suitable manner, to a height of about thirty or thirty-five feet above
a lower tank D, and a pipe E descends from the lower compartment C of the
upper tank into the lower tank. The lower tank D is similar in form to
the upper tank, both being made of wood or any other suitable material; and
a stop-cock a, inserted in the connecting pipe E, serves to shut off the com-
munication between the lower compartment C of the tank A and the tank d
below. The material to be operated upon is placed on the perforated bottom B
in the upper tank A, and the lower compartment C and connecting pipe E
are filled with water or other liquid. On opening the stop-cock a a partial
vacuum is formed in the lower compartment C of the upper tank, and the
pressure of the atmosphere acting on the material in the upper tank A
facilitates the operation of making the extract.
Instead of using the descending pipe E for the purpose of producing the
vacuum, the compartment C may be made to communicate by the pipe E with
a vacuum chamber F, as shewn in Figures 2 and 3. This chamber consists
of a vessel made of sheet metal or any other suitable material in the form of
a cylinder or any other convenient form or shape, and it is connected by a
pipe G with a steam generator or other source from which steam can be
drawn. Another pipe H extends from its top, and I is the liquid discharge
pipe. These several pipes are provided with stop-cocks a, e, f, g, as shewn
in the Drawing, and when all the cocks are closed except the stop-cock e in
the steam pipe, the vessel or chamber F fills with steam, and the air con-
tained in the vessel F may be allowed to escape through the cock g or through
either of the other cocks. The cocks are then closed, and the steam in the
vessel or chamber F is allowed to condense. By these means a vacuum is
formed in the vessel or chamber F, and. if the stop-cock a is open the atmo-
spheric pressure is brought to bear on the material to be operated upon in the

page_text: chamber B, and the operation of making the extract. will be materially
facilitated. In order to expel the air from the trough C under the false
bottom B, an air pipe h is applied, as shewn in the Drawing.
This apparatus can be used with great advantage for the purpose of
extracting oil from paraffine. If the paraffine is left simply to drain, it will
take a long time to separate the oil from it, and a large quantity of oil will
still remain adhering to it; but by treating the paraffine in the apparatus
above described, the atmospheric pressure acting on it will expel the oil in a
very short time, and much time and labor will be saved. It will be obvious
that this apparatus may also be used for making extracts from other materials.
Having now described this Invention of "improvements in apparatus for
extracting liquid from solid substances, and having explained the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I claim as the Invention secured to me by
Letters Patent as aforesaid, subjecting the material to be extracted to the
atmospheric pressure by creating under the same a vacuum of more or less
intensity in the manner herein described, or by any equivalents thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-first day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)