A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF _ ORNAMENTING CERTAIN FABRICS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Bow Gibson, of the City of Glasgow,
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF
_ ORNAMENTING CERTAIN FABRICS."
Sealed the 11th June 1862, and dated the 13th December 1861.
'PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Bow Gibson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 13th December 1861.
I, THOMAS BOW GIBSON, of the City of Glasgow, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the, nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD
OF ORNAMENTING CERTAIN FABRICS," to be as follows
-
This Invention relates to the production of a new ornamental fabric, and
consists in applying colored, designs either by the aid of block or cylinder
printing to harness curtains, and other figured fabrics of that class...The
designs, which may be printed in various colors upon the fabric, may either
differ, from the pattern woven into the fabric and be applied both to the
ground and patterns alike, or they may be of precisely the same, design as
the woven patterns, and applied only to the patterns, so as to leave the ground
,uncolored. The peculiar class of goods above mentioned, when ornamented
by colors printed thereon in the manner herein-before set forth, present a
highly ornamental appearance, far excelling in effect that produced by simply
weaving in the, patterns.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Bow Gibson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th June 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
.BOW GIBSON, of the City of Glasgow, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Thomas Bow Gibson, Her special license that J, the said Thomas
Bow Gibson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Thomas Bow Gibson, my executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF ORNAMENTING CERTAIN FABRICS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Bow Gibson, my execu-
tors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
or under the hand and seal of one of them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
'said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Bow Gibson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say:
My said Invention relates to the production of a new ornamental fabric,
and consists-in-applying-colored-designs.either_by_the_aid of block or cylinder
printing to harness curtains, and other figured fabrics of that class. The
designs, which may be printed in various colors upon the fabric, may either
differ from the pattern woven into the fabric and be applied both to the ground
and patterns alike, or they may be of precisely the same design as the woven
patterns, and applied only to the patterns; so as to leave the ground uncolored.
The peculiar class of goods above mentioned, when ornamented by colors
printed thereon in the manner herein-before set forth, present a highly

page_text: ornamental appearance far excelling in effect that produced by simply
weaving in the patterns.
And in order that my said Invention of "A New or Improved Method of
Ornamenting certain Fabrics" may be properly understood, I shall now
proceed to describe more particularly certain modifications' or modes of
operation under which the said improvements may be judiciously carried out
in practice, that is to say, the harness muslin, or lace curtain, or other similar
figured fabric is taken by preference in the finished state, and certain parts
of the figured surface are printed 'so as to impart a more ornamental
character to the fabric. The printing of the fabric is done by means of the
ordinary blocks, or by the printing machines which are used in printing textile
goods. The blocks are cut so as to correspond to those parts of the figured
fabric which are intended to receive the color or colors, and are arranged
so as to follow each other in use, one block being used for printing the shaded
portion of the design, and another for the ground. tint. The colors used in
this process of printing harness muslin or lace curtains, and other similar
goods, are what are known as "fast," that is; they are prepared so as to with-
stand the ordinary wear and tear of washing. To prepare the light crimson
color known as "magenta," a solution of, albumen is prepared by adding
four pounds weight of albumen to one gallon of water. For dark magenta,.
six measures. or parts of the albumen liquor or solution are added to one
measure or part of the liquid preparation known as ".Simpson's magenta." The
fluids are intimately mixed together, and the compound is applied to the figured
goods by means of blocks, or other equivalent apparatus, in the ordinary way.
In printing these fabrics it is preferred to print the dark or shaded parts of
the figure first on the fabric, and then to follow with the paler tint or ground
color. This mode of procedure serves to blend the colors more har-
moniously and produce a better effect. To produce the pale magenta tint,
twenty-six measures or parts of the albumen liquor are added to one of
Simpson's 'magenta. These quantities may, however, be varied according to
the particular shade or tint desired. For preparing the violet tints known as
mauves, and also the various tints of green, the same proportions of albumen
liquor, or nearly so, are added to the colouring solutions. Dark blue is pre-
pared by adding four pounds weight of ultramarine blue to one gallon of the
albumen liquor. A pale blue is obtained by mixing one pound weight of the
ultramarine with one gallon of the albumen liquor. Other tints of colour
may be prepared in a generally similar manner, or with such trifling variations
from the processes herein-before described as the nature of the tint may

page_text: require.
After printing the required portions of the figured fabrics, the colors
are fixed by subjecting the goods to the action of steam for a period varying
from ten to thirty minutes, at a temperature of 200 to 220 degrees Fahrenheit,
⚫ or thereabouts. This application of heat renders the colors non-fugitive,
and sufficiently permanent to stand the wear and tear of washing. By these
means a chaste yet brilliant effect is imparted to harness muslin or lace
curtains, and other figured goods of a generally similar kind. The colors
used being of the permanent class are capable of, withstanding the action of
I washing, an object which has not hitherto been accomplished in the printing
⚫ of this particular class of goods.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, is, the the system or mode of producing
a new class of ornamental fabrics by the application of non-fugitive colors to
- certain parts of the figured designs or groundwork of harness muslin or lace
: curtains, and fabrics of a similar kind, as herein-before described, or any mere
; modification of the said processes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Bow Gibson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of June, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-two.