A CERTAIN NEW AND USEFUL IMPROVEMENT IN STONE DRESSING MACHINES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Lawton Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Patent Agents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "A CERTAIN NEW AND USEFUL IMPROVEMENT
IN STONE DRESSING MACHINES." A communication from abroad by Thomas
Woods, of Nicholasville, in the County of Jassamine, and State of Kentucky,
United States of America.
Sealed the 24th November 1876, and dated the 10th October 1876.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said John Lawton Haddon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th October 1876.
JOHN LAWTON HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents, of
67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "A CERTAIN NEW AND
USEFUL IMPROVEMENT IN STONE DRESSING MACHINES." A communication from abroad
by Thomas Woods, of Nicholasville, in the County of Jassamine, and State of
Kentucky, United State of America.
This invention is in the nature of an improvement in stone dressing machines;
and the Invention consists in a machine for dressing stone provided with a cutter
cylinder for dressing the face of the stone, adjustable cutters for dressing its edges
so as to prevent spawling, and an adjustable carriage or stone bed, all constructed
and operating as herein-after specified.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the machine showing its general construction.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of one of the cutter's heads showing the cutters with
spring brakes, and the cushion for the cutters.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the carriage and shifting gear by which it is
operated.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
In the Drawings herein-before referred to A, A, represent a rectangular frame-
work of suitable construction in bearings in which is fixed a cylinder B made with
a number of rows of recesses, alternating horizontally with intermediate spaces, and
circumferentially with each other, so that any two of such rows shall present
recesses across the entire surface of the cylinder embraced between said rows; B is
a cast-iron cylinder with recesses on its surface for the cutters; C is the cylinder
shaft; and D and E are its driving pulleys; F is the pulley for operating the
[Price 4d1

page_text: carriage; G, G, are the recesses in the cylinder for receiving the cutters; H, H, are
the cutters, all of which are made of iron with steel edges, and in form as shown in
the Drawing, and hinged to the cylinder by means of pins through the entire
length; I, I, I, are metal spring brakes under the cutters, for retarding both the
backward and forward motion of the cutters; B¹, B¹, are the cushions; J, J, J, are
set screws for adjusting the pressure of the spring brakes; K, K, are projections on
the cutters; and L, L, are round heels on which the brakes work; M, M, are pieces
of wood or other suitable material on which the projections of the cutters strike
when thrown forward by the centrifugal force, and serving to keep the edges of the
cutters in line, and in rear of the radial through the pivots on which they work,
and are made adjustable by placing thin pieces of leather under their inner ends;
N, N, are two sliding blocks, each carrying a cutter head for dressing both edges of
the stone, and also the hinder or finishing end; 0, 0, are pulleys for operating the
last named cutter heads which receive their motion through the belt on the broad
pulley P, P, which in turn receives motion from the cylinder shaft through the
pulleys D and E. The object in having this pulley so broad is to allow the
driving belt that drives the cutter heads to be moved back and forth with them.
R, R, are these cutter heads which are made in form as shewn in the Drawing,
and secured to moveable blocks working in the frame, and fed up by means of
screws through the center of the frame and blocks N, N; T is the stationary cross
piece of the frame; U, U, are the feed screws.
The last named heads and cutters are constructed in the same manner as those
used on the main cylinder, the sliding blocks being adjustable to suit the width of
the stone, and the cutters being arranged so as to operate at right angles with the
cylinder. They strike off the stone to a uniform depth, and thereby prevent
spawling by the main cutters in finishing; V is the carriage on which the stone is
placed, all of which may be made of either wood or iron, and in form as shown in
the Drawing, and operated somewhat similar to an ordinary iron planer; W, W, are
screws for adjusting the height of the carriage platform Q; X is a cog rack on the
under side of the carriage; Y is the pinion working into it; Z is the driving belt,
and A¹, are the friction pulleys by which the carriage is operated.
The mode of operating this machine is simply this, the shaft and cylinder is put
in rapid motion in the direction designed, when each cutter is thrown in a line of a
radius of the circle of the cylinder by centrifugal force, and in this manner
approaches the stone and expends upon it either a part or the whole of its
momentum according to the amount of resistance in the way; if it expends the
whole it is thrown back, and then is dragged forward by its rivet until it is thrown
again into its radial position by centrifugal force, ready for another blow the next
revolution and so on throughout its operation. One result of this construction and
operation is that the force of the blow of each cutter is regulated by its size, form,
and weight, in connection with the speed of the cylinder, and if the cutters be
equally be distributed around the cylinder, the force required to turn it will be nearly
uniform, and the pressure of the brakes being properly adjusted to the centrifugal
force will retard the forward and backward motion of the eutters, and in connection
with the pins will prevent the jarring and danger of breakage thereof. To operate
the edgers the cutter heads must be adjusted to the width of the stone and rapidly
revolved, they will dress the edges as the carriage passes along, but when the end is
to be dressed the carriage is stopped, and the cutters fed to the stone by the screws.
When the sides are to be dressed vertically the cutter heads are reversed, and
the belts changed, so as to reverse the motion of the cutters (the stone being fed to
the cutters by raising the platform).
Having thus fully described the nature and object of this Invention, what I
claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,-
1. The cylinder B constructed with alternating recesses G in combination with
the cushions and cutters H and their brakes I substantially as described.
2. In a stone dressing machine the edgers R in combination with their bearing
blocks N and the set screws U whereby said edgers are adjustable in the main

page_text: frame relatively to the stone to be dressed, the mechanism being constructed,
arranged, and operated, substantially as shown and described.
3. In a stone dressing machine the stone bed or platform Q mounted on the
carriage V and adjustable thereon at any height and angle by set screws W
substantially as shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Lawton Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of October in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
J. L. HADDAN. (L.S.)