IMPROVEMENTS IN WATCHES to be as follows that is to say :-
Year: 1885

page_text: I RICHARD THORNELOE of Stanton Street Coventry in the County of Warwick
Watch Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WATCHES to be as follows that is to say :-
"
This invention has for its object improvements in watches which enables me
to make them equally as thin as those known as "three quarter plate" watches
but much cheaper and without complication or extra delicacy in the works. My
improvements are applicable to all kinds of Watches going Barrel, Fuzee, or other
Timekeepers of every description.
I accomplish these desirable objects by placing the balance brass work and
pendulum spring on the back of the pillar plate and by cutting a hole through
the dial itself so that the balance and pendulum springs are brought as near to
the hands of the watch as possible and are clearly seen through the glass which
covers the hands that is both the balance wheel and its brass work and pendulum
spring are seen clearly. Of course the hole may be cut in the dial at any desired
position to suit the kind of watch and the other parts shown upon the face thereof
for instance when a seconds hand is shown under the centre pivot near the VI
I should cut the hole at the left or right side or at the top but in chronographs
which would have a separate minute register under the XII and also a seconds
hand at the VI the whole must necessarily be between the two either to the left
or the right side.
My improvements can be applied to either a key winding or keyless watches
and is designed with the special view to supersede the present three quarter plate
watch.

page_text: Improvements in Watches.
I, RICHARD THORNELOE of Stanton Street Coventry in the County of Warwick
Watch Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention has for its object improvements in watches which enables me
to make them equally as thin as those known as "three quarter plate" watches
but much cheaper and without complication or extra delicacy in the works. My
improvements are applicable to all kinds of watches going Barrel, Fuzee or other
Timekeepers of every description.
I accomplish these desirable objects by placing the balance brass work and
pendulum spring on the back of the pillar plate and by cutting a hole through
the dial itself so that the balance and penduluin springs are brought as near to the
hands of the watch as possible and are clearly seen through the glass which covers
the hands that is both the balance wheel and its brass work and pendulum spring
are seen clearly. Of course the hole may be cut in the dial at any desired position
to suit the kind of watch and the other parts shown upon the face thereof for
instance where a seconds hand is shown under the centre pivot near the VI I should
cut the hole at the left or right side or at the top but in chronographs which will
have a separate minute register under the XII and also a seconds hand at the VI
the hole must necessarily be between the two either to the left or the right side.
My improvements can be applied to either key winding or keyless watches
and is designed with the special view to supersede the present three quarter plate
watch.
I will now explain more fully as follows The objects to be obtained by my
invention are flatness and neatness with strength and simplicity of construction
to cheapen the cost of production and not so often to require to be cleaned and
repaired in fact to supersede the three quarter plate watches by producing all its
good constructional features, (and mine for all practical purposes is a three quarter
plate) but with greater strength, will wear longer without cleaning, can be made
flatter, and is more elegant in appearance, and in making a keyless watch with the
best constructed and finest three quarter plate movement if required to open from the
back (which has been considered most essential up to the present time so that no
damage should occur to the balance &c by opening with a bolt from the Bezel side so
that the wearer may look into the interior and see the balance &c in motion or alter
the Regulator for time) there must be a dome that opens which is not requisite to
iny patent Keyless as balance &c can be seen from the face side and watch regulated
for time (which is not a very frequent necessity) by opening the Bezel only so that
neither Silver nor gold Domes are required thereby saving considerably in the cost
of production and the top plate being solid and circular with neither wheels or
balance exposed makes an effectual dome which fits close to the case all round so
that there is no possibility of dirt getting into the watch which cannot be said
of any three quarter plate constructed up to the present time while on the face side
may be seen through a circular or other hole the whole of the expansion or other

page_text: balance, pendulum spring, Pendulum Stud, regulator Centre wheel, and jewel to
pallitt staff and pinion (when jewels are required). The distance of balance from
Centre wheel is the same as other three quarter plate watches The brasswork is
screwed on the neck of the pillar plate and foot, jewelling is screwed in the top
plate or may be screwed in a pottance or bar if desired whereas to a three quarter
plate the brass work is screwed on the inside of the pillar plate and foot jewelling
on either the bar or pillar plate so that my balance Brasswork &c shew from the
opposite side of pillar plate to any other watch yet made and not only enables the
wearer to see into his watch without opening it but the face of the watch, balance,
brasswork, Hands, regulator, stud &c are effectually protected by a strong Crystal
Glass and the back is of Silver or gold the same as all other English watches and
may be considered the most perfect dust and damp tight form of watch yet made.
To a Fuzee or going barrel movement the watch will wind up and set hands at
the back in the same manner and by the same means as the finest three quarter
plate.
The improvements enumerated may be applied to every description of key
winding and keyless watch and may be regulated for time by opening the Bezel
only and in addition to balance in full Brasswork &c showing as before described
there can also be a sunk or other seconds which in the case of either Fuzee or going
barrel may be placed either at 3, 6, 9 or 12 o'clock and the distance between Centre
of Balance and Centre of seconds may be 15 minutes or less if desired. There is
no necessity for a scape Cock so that the whole space between Top and pillar plates
may be used for pallett Staff and pinion in the same manner as to an ordinary
full plate.
The reference made to various parts of a watch will be understood by the