IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISINFECTING, PURIFY- TNA AND DOVINA AND ALSO FOR COOKING BY HEATED AIR
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Sigismund Lconi, of 34, Saint Paul Street, New
North Road, in the County of Middlesex, Manufacturer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISINFECTING, PURIFY-
TNA AND DOVINA AND ALSO FOR COOKING BY HEATED AIR "
Scaled the 3rd February 1871, and dated the 6th August 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Sigismund Leoni at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, ou
the 6th August 1870.
I, SIGISMUND LEONI, of 34, Saint Paul Street,' New North Road,
in the County of Middlesex, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DIS-
INFECTING, PURIFYING, AND DRYING, AND ALSO FOR COOKING BY HEATED AIR," to
be as follows:-
:
My Invention relates to apparatus in which heated air is produced by
gas issuing from open gas rings, and which I term "atmospheric gas
apparatus," and consists in the use of a cylinder (which is the form of

page_text: apparatus I prefer) composed of fire-clay mixed with other clays
suitable for the purpose, which cylinder is or may be built up of tiles
or bricks within an open frame of iron, or it may be otherwise con-
structed. The cylinder is closed at the top and open at the bottom in
order to receive the heat from an open gas ring or rings, the top of the
cylinder forming a heat reflector and the whole of the interior forming
a heat chamber. The tiles or bricks of which the cylinder is constructed
may be corrugated on the inside so as to increase the internal heating
surface of the cylinder or heating chamber. A portion of the cylinder
is hinged so as to allow of access to the interior as required. Inside the
cylinder or chamber is mounted a vertical iron spindle either fixed or
moveable in bearings, with collars fitted to it, to which collars are
connected either round bars with or without hooks, or shelves, or frames
with gridirons, or frames in the shape of baskets, adapted to receive
clothes, bedding, or other articles required to be disinfected, purified,
or dried, or food to be cooked by the heated air within the chamber.
Apparatus constructed in the manner above stated may be adapted and
applied to several uses besides those above referred to, as for example,
in chemical manufactures, in various processes requiring gradual drying,
such as those employed in potteries, also in cooking, especially in
cases in which different sorts of food are required to bé cooked at one
time.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Sigismund Leoni in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 4th February 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SIGISMUND
LEONI, of 34, Saint Paul Street, New North Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of August, in the year of 3
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Sigismund Leoni, Her special licence
that I, the said Sigismund Leoni, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Sigismund Leoni, my executors, 3
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no

page_text: others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR DISINFECTING, PURIFYING, AND DRYING, AND ALSO FOR COOKING BY
HEATED AIR," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Sigis-
mund Leoni, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, shoudl particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Sigismund Leoni, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
.
L
My Invention of "Improvements in Apparatus for Disinfecting,
Purifying, and Drying, and also for Cooking by Heated Air" relates to
apparatus in which heated air is produced by gas issuing from open
gas rings, and which I term "atmospheric gas apparatus," and consists
in the use of a cylinder (which is the form of apparatus I prefer) com-
posed of fire-clay mixed with other clays suitable for the purpose, which
cylinder is or may be formed or constructed in sections within an open
frame of iron, or it may be otherwise constructed. The cylinder is
closed at the top and open at the bottom in order to receive the heat
from an open gas ring or rings, the top or cover of the cylinder forming.
a heat reflector, and the whole of the interior forming a heat chamber.
The sections of fire-clay composition of which the cylinder is constructed
may be corrugated on the inside so as to increase the internal heating
surface of the cylinder or heating chamber: A portion of the cylinder.
is hinged so as to allow of access to the interior as required. Inside
the cylinder or chamber is mounted a vertical iron spindle, either fixed
or moveable in bearings, with collars fitted to it, to which collars are
connected either round bars with or without hooks, or shelves, or frames
with gridirons, or frames in the shape of baskets adapted to receive
clothes, bedding, or other articles required to be disinfected, purified,
or dried, or food to be cooked by the heated air within- the chamber.

page_text: Apparatus constructed in the manner above stated may be adapted and
applied to several uses besides those above referred to, as for example,
in chemical manufactures, in various processes requiring gradual drying
such as those employed in potteries, also in cooking especially in cases
in which different sorts of food are required to be cooked at one time.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention I will proceed to
describe it more particularly by the aid of the accompanying Drawings
in which are represented two forms of the apparatus above referred to,
but which may be varied
Fig. 1 represents in elevation a cylinder constructed of fire-clay com-
position in sections, with an opening to show the interior, and Fig. 2 is
a horizontal section of the same. A, A, is the cylinder with a closed
top capable of reflecting downwards the heat as it rises in the chamber
from the gas ring or rings B at the bottom. The whole internal surface
of the chamber being composed of fire-clay composition is capable of
reflecting heat so as to raise the temperature therein as required. Cis
the portion of the cylinder which is hinged so as to allow of access to
the interior as required; D is a vertical iron spindle mounted in any
convenient manner, so as to be either fixed or capable of turning in its
bearings; this spindle has fitted to it a scries of collars E to which are
connected arms or bars F, F, which may form carriers for hooks or
other means of suspending or holding clothes or other articles required
to be treated.
Fig. 3 represents in elevation another form of apparatus consisting
of a cylinder A constructed in sections of fire-clay composition, enclosed
within an open frame of iron A*. In this Figure the hinged portion O
of the cylinder or door of access to the chamber is made to extend from
top to bottom of the chamber, but in many cases it would be preferable
to make the opening or door of only about half the depth of the chamber
and in the central part of the same. The vertical iron spindle D in
this instance is mounted so as to be capable of turning on pivots fixed
at the top and bottom of the chamber, and it has fitted on it collars E, E,
adjustable as to elevation on the spindle by means of set screws, from
which collars project radial arms F, F, the upper set being provided
with rings and hooks G, G, and the lower set being plain. H is an
open frame fixed to the lower part of the spindle and provided with

page_text: castors to facilitate its turning with the spindle. It is obvious that the
internal arrangements within the chamber of the arms, or bars, hooks,
rings, shelves, or other means of supporting, hanging, or carrying
articles or substances intended to be disinfected, purified, dried, or
cooked by the action of the heat may be varied to suit the articles or
substances required to be so treated. Fig. 4 is an underneath plan
or horizontal view of the top of the cylinder or heat reflector, which
is made of fire-clay composition, in sections, each of such sections being
recessed for the purpose of increasing the heat reflecting surface. Fig. 5
is a plan or horizontal view of the upper set of arms with rings and
hooks. Fig. 6 is a similar view of the lower set of arms. Fig. 7 is a
face view, and Fig. 8 an edge view of one of the segmental sections of
fire-clay composition used in forming the lining of the chamber adapted
for reflecting heat. The several segmental sections A, A, fitting one
into another are united to the iron straps A* by means of short bolts.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I would remark that my Invention
is not confined to the special forms of apparatus represented and described
although the apparatus shewn at Fig. 3 has been found useful for the
purpose. But what I claim as of my Invention is, the construction
and use of apparatus consisting of a heating chamber (by preference
cylindrical) of the kind described, with a central spindle, and means
of holding or suspending within such chamber articles or substances
required to be treated in the manner described, the heat in the said
chamber being generated by atmospheric gas.
In witness whereof, I, the said Sigismund Leoni, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, the Fourth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-one.
Witness,
WILLIAM SPENCE,
8, Quality Court,
Patent Agent.
S. LEONI.
(L.S.)