Improvements in Umbrellas and Parasols.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 31st Oct., 1894-Accepted, 1st Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Umbrellas and Parasols.
We, MARY GOSNELL of Ivy Dene, Cedars Road, Beckenham in the County of
Kent, and HENRY ALBERT FLEUSS of 5 Bampton Terrace, Heathfield, South
Twickenham in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
We use for the stick of an umbrella or parasol a hardened and tempered steel
tube formed from a narrow strip of sheet steel bent over so as to bring together its
two side edges and form a cylinder with a division line on one side extending from
one end of it to the other. The tubes we also make with two slots in them in a
line with one another one for a spring catch to pass through and enter a slot in the
runner to keep the umbrella closed-the other for another spring catch to pass
through and enter the same slot in the runner to hold the umbrella open.
These slots we make at the proper distance apart and along the central line of the
strip opposite to the junction line where the two edges of the strip are brought
together.
Tubular sticks formed in the above manner can readily be bent or twisted
spirally and as readily will spring back to their original form.
It is very undesirable that the stick of an umbrella should be able to spring and
bend in this manner. To remedy this we take a hardened and tempered steel tube
formed in the above manner and having slots cut in it for the spring catches and
also holes for the rivet pins used for holding the spring catches in place and we
surround the tube with an outer coating of vulcanite ebonite celluloid or like
material keeping open the entrance to the slots and rivet pin holes. The outer
tube of vulcanite or like material we make of sufficient substance to offer con-
siderable resistance to all twisting strains and as it adheres strongly to the steel
tube this tube is likewise restrained from twisting.
In order to prevent the stick from bending we insert into that portion of it which
lies between the two spring catches an inner hardened and tempered tube of steel
formed in the same way as the outer tube.
If the inner tube is slightly too large in diameter to enter the outer tube freely
it can be forced into place (the abutting side edges of the strip of steel then
coming somewhat closer together) and as it will then tend to expand and regain its
original diameter it will remain securely in whatever position it is placed.
Dated this 30th day of January 1894.
MARY GOSNELL.
HENRY A. FLEUSS.
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Umbrellas and Parasols.
We, MARY GOSNELL, of Ivy Dene, Cedars Road, Beckenham, in the County of
Kent, and HENRY ALBERT FLEUSS, of 5 Bampton Terrace, Heathfield, South
Twickenham, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
We use for the stick of an umbrella or parasol a hardened and tempered steel
tube formed from a narrow strip of sheet steel bent over so as to bring together its
[Prine 71

page_text: two side edges and form a cylinder with a division line on one side extending from
one end of it to the other. The tubes we also make with two slots in them in a
line with one another one for a spring catch to pass through and enter a slot in the
runner to keep the umbrella closed-the other for another spring catch to pass
through and enter the same slot in the runner to hold the umbrella open.
These slots we make at the proper distance apart and along the central line of
the strip opposite to the junction line where the two edges of the strip are brought
together.
Tubular sticks formed in the above manner can readily be bent or twisted
spirally and as readily will spring back to their original form.
It is very undesirable that the stick of an umbrella should be able to spring and
bend in this manner. To remedy this we surround the tube with an outer coating of
vulcanite ebonite celluloid or like material keeping open the entrance to the slots
The outer tube of
and rivet pin holes which have previously been formed in it.
vulcanite or like material we make of sufficient substance to offer considerable
resistance to all twisting strains and as it adheres strongly to the steel tube this
tube is likewise restrained from twisting.
In order to prevent the stick from bending we insert into that portion of it
which lies between the two spring catches an inner hardened and tempered tube of
steel formed in the same way as the outer tube.
The drawing annexed shews on an enlarged scale portions of the stick of an
umbrella constructed in the above manner.
.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the two parts of the stick where the two
spring catches for holding the umbrella open or closed are situated. Figure 2 is a
cross section taken on the line ab and Figure 3 is a cross section on the line c d.
A is a tube of hardened and tempered steel formed by bending over the side
edges of a strip of thin sheet steel until the edges meet and form a cylinder with a
B are the slots in the
division line extending from one end of it to the other.
stick for the heads of the spring catches to pass through they are formed in a line
with one another on the side of the stick opposite to this division line. C is the
outer cylindrical covering of the steel tube A it is formed preferably of vulcanite
ebonite or like compound vulcanized on to it, the slots B and rivet pin holes D
being kept open.
E is an inner tube of hardened and tempered steel inserted into
the tube A and occupying the space between the two spring catches, preferably
If this inner tube is
this inner tube is formed in the same way as the tube A.
made slightly too large in diameter to enter the outer tube freely it can be forced
into place (the abutting side edges of the strip of steel then coming somewhat
closer together) and as it will then tend to expand and regain its original diameter
it will remain securely in the position into which it is forced.
The spring catches F shewn in the drawing are formed in the manner heretofore
adopted when the stick has been formed of a tube of metal. Each catch is on a
spring stem F which is passed into the interior of the tube and has on its end a
block F held by a pin passed through it and through the rivet pin holes D.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. An umbrella or parasol stick consisting of a hardened and tempered steel
tube having a division line down it from one end to the other, and carrying two
spring catches one to hold the umbrella open the other closed and also having an
exterior tubular adhering coating of hard material to prevent the steel tube from
twisting and an inner lining of hardened and tempered steel tube in the space
between the two spring catches to keep the tube from bending substantially as
described.
2. An umbrella or parasol stick consisting of a hardened and tempered steel
tube having a division line down it from one end to the other and carrying within
it two spring catches one to hold the umbrella open the other to hold it closed and

page_text: also coated externally with a tubular coating of hard material to keep it from
twisting substantially as described.
3. An umbrella or parasol stick consisting of a hardened and tempered steel
tube having a division line down it from one end to the other, carrying two
spring catches one to hold the umbrella open the other closed and lined with an
inner hardened and tempered steel tube in the space between the two spring
catches.
4. An umbrella or parasol stick consisting of a hardened and tempered steel
tube having a division line down it from one end to the other and two slots in a
line with one another on the opposite side of the tube for spring catches to pass
through, one to hold the umbrella open, the other to hold it closed, and an exterior
tubular adhering coating of hard material to prevent the steel tube from twisting
substantially as described.
5. An umbrella or parasol stick consisting of an outer tube carrying spring
catches for holding the umbrella or parasol open or closed and an inner
strengthening tube between the spring catches substantially as described.
Dated this 31st day of October 1894.
MARY GOSNELL.
HENRY A. FLEUSS.