A GREAT IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINES FOR GRINDING GRAIN OF ALL KINDS, AND ALSO STARCH FOR HAIR POWDER, AS WELL AS ALL OTHER MATTERS WHERE STONES ARE NOW USED; ALSO FOR COAKING OR BUSHING AND GREASING OF SHIVERS AND PULLEYS OF ALL KINDS
Year: 1786

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WALTER
TAYLOR, of the Town and County of Southampton, Block Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the
Thirtieth day of October, in the twenty-seventh year of His reign, give and
grant unto me, the said Walter Taylor, His especial licence that I, the said
Walter Taylor, during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A GREAT IMPROVEMENT IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINES FOR GRINDING GRAIN OF ALL KINDS, AND ALSO
STARCH FOR HAIR POWDER, AS WELL AS ALL OTHER MATTERS WHERE STONES ARE
NOW USED; ALSO FOR COAKING OR BUSHING AND GREASING OF SHIVERS AND PULLEYS
OF ALL KINDS;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said Walter Taylor, under my hand and seal, to cause a
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and how the same is
to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majestie's High Court of Chancery
within one calendar month after the date of the said recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Walter Taylor, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described in
manner hereafter set forth.
The machines for grinding or cutting malt or grain of any kind, as well as
starch for hair powder, white lead or colours for the use of painters, or

page_text: drugs of all kinds, or whatever is ground by stones, also for cutting furze
or fodder for cattle, consists of three kinds,-the first of cast iron, made
nearly on the surface like stones used by millers or malsters to grind wheat,
barley, or malt, with holes or impressions therein to cut or grind the corn, and
with grooves or furrows to admit the flower to pass while grinding. Cutters
made of steel may be fixed into grooves or furrows made in the surface of the
said iron grinders, which may facilitate the cutting or grinding anything that is
put between them while turning one against the other....
The second sort of cast-iron machines are made conical, with grooves,
furrows, or impressions cast or cut in the inside of the said iron cones. Cutters
of steel may be fastened therein. Also taper plugs or taps must be cast, and
made to fit the said iron cones with grooves or impressions. Cutters may be
fixed therein also, so that when one turns round the other will cut or grind
whatever is put between them for that purpose.
any
One
The third sort are cast-iron mills, instead of those called steel mills, which
cause great labor and trouble to form them, for the purpose of grinding grain
of kind. They may be made of cast iron, lignum vitæ, or other wood,
with grooves or furrows to cut or grind; or steel cutters may be fixed therein,
to cut or grind whatever may be put in them. These three sorts of machines
afore mentioned to be turned round by hand, horse, wind, steam, water, or any
other power applied for that purpose. Instead of the usual way of making
use of cogs or teeth in millwork, fricktion wheels are much better.
large horizontal wheel will turn one, two, or more small friction wheels, made
of wood, to rub or turn one against the other; when applied head or endway
of the grain is best, the small friction wheels being fixed to the shaft, which is
fixed to the aforesaid iron grinders or cutters when pressed against. The large
horizontal wheel while turning will drive or turn the small friction wheels so
fastened to the grinders or cutters, and thereby run steadyer, and answer
better than if cogs or teeth were fixed into such wheels, as is commonly
practiced.
The improvement in coaks for shivers or pulleys for ship blocks, and greasing
the same, instead of barrels to the coakes going through the thickness of the
shiver, and a top going over one end to secure it, as is usually practiced.-The
improved coakes are made in two parts or halves, so that when rivetted together
a small space be left between them to contain grease. The said half coakes
to be made of metal, wrought or cast iron or steel.
Another improved sort of wrought or cast iron metal or steel coakes are
made in halves, to be fixed in the shiver crossing each other, yet a small space
or cavity to be left between them at the center of the pin-hole to contain
grease; to be fastened into the shiver by by four rivetts.

page_text: A third sort of improved coakes, being made in two parts or halves, each
part to have four flaps or flanches.-The best method would be, to have two
shorter than the other. The short flaps or flanches are only to be of a suffi-
cient length to admit a rivet to pass clear of the barrel part of the coake into
the longer flanches on the other side of the shiver, so as to join the wood
between the half coakes; and the longer flanches, projecting over the shorter,
opposite to each other, have more of the wood part of the shiver to bear upon,
for the security of the coakes, which, being fastened with four rivets, secure
the coak from getting loose in the shiver. All shivers, with coaks or not,
should have a thin space or cavity in or near the center of the pin-hole, to
hold grease, which, being secured therein, is not liable to be pressed out of the
pin-hole, as in the common way of greasing shivers, and thereby abate the
friction under great strains and pressures in heaving or making purchases.
In witness whereof, I, the said Walter Taylor, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of November, One thousand seven
hundred and eighty-six.
AND BE
REM BERED, that on the Tenth day of November, in
the year of our Lord 1786, the aforesaid Walter Taylor came before our
O said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according
to the tenor of the Statutes made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Seventeenth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand seven hundred and eighty-six.