Improvements in or connected with Hydraulic Lifts, Hoists, and analogous Machinery.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 5th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 5th Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Hydraulic Lifts, Hoists, and
analogous Machinery.
We, CHARLES MUSKER and ARTHUR MUSKER, both of Dundas Street,
Bootle, in the County of Lancaster, Hydraulic Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference mainly to hydraulic lifts, hoists, or analogous
machinery wherein the power applied is automatically regulated or adjusted or
controlled according to the load or weight upon the cage (or its equivalent) of the
lift or hoist to be clevated or raised, and by or through such load or weight.
Various forms or constructions and types of hydraulic lifting or elevating
machinery wherein variable powers may be obtained, exerted under varying
conditions of the load or weight, may have this invention applied to or in connection
with them as a whole or in part; such as hydraulic elevators or lifts having two or
more cylinders or rams which are adapted to give out different powers when used,
or which when used in different combinations give out different powers, and other
equivalent arrangements or types of hydraulic machinery. However for convenience
we will describe this invention as applied to a hydraulic lift or elevator-say a
passenger lift wherein a "balancing" cylinder or cylinders and rams are employed
in connection with a cylinder.
According to this invention, say as applied to a lift of the kind just above referred
to, water under pressure equal to that of the water in the lift cylinder, at any stage
in rising, acts upon a hydraulic ram which is connected with or works in conjunction
with a valve or valves which control the supply of water to and flow from the
cylinders which actuate the lift; and this ram has normally acting against it the
service pressure water (or a weight) through another ram-in many cases of smaller
diameter; and in connection with this there is a weight so arranged that the further
or more the said hydraulic ram is moved the weight exerts a greater weight or
pressure against it, so that the apparatus or device becomes balanced and is brought
to rest. Thus for every increment of pressure on the hydraulic device, due to an
increase of load on the lift ram or cylinder, a greater pressure on said hydraulic
controlling ram is exerted and it is moved thereby, which movement moves the
weight until the increased pressure is balanced. This movement of the hydraulic
device acts in connection with a lever connected with an automatic valve and
controlling its movement; and according as said hydraulic device is more or less
moved so will said automatic valve be allowed to move more or less and supply
water to one or more of the lift actuating cylinders.
When the service pressure water is used to act against the pressure of the
controlling ram, the apparatus or device acts as a governor both as regard power'
and speed, whether such contra pressure is over or under the normal.
The lever connecting the hydraulic controlling ram or device with the automatic
water distributing valve is so arranged that while it controls its movement the
pressure by which said valve is moved does not actuate or effect the movement of
said hydraulic controlling device. In the return stroke this device is adapted to be
moved back by the pressure of the supply water (or a constant weight), in which
operation it moves back the automatic valve through said lever.
The automatic water distributing valve may in its out stroke be actuated by the
pressure of the hydraulic supply water, the pressure acting thereon through its
spindle, which passes through the valve case; which spindle may be directly

page_text: connected to the controlling lever. Or, it may be actuated mechanically through
the hydraulic controlling ram or device.
The minimum power is applied through a positively actuated valve operated'
through the ordinary lift hand rope or its equivalent, which when operated
supplies water to say one of the lift actuating cylinders, and puts the hydraulic
controlling device cylinder in communication with the water acting upon the lift
ram. Or, in some cases, all the powers of the lift may be controlled by the
hydraulic controlling ram or cylinder.
The hydraulic controlling device ram is of such a size that an abundance of
pressure is brought to act upon it by each increment of load which comes upon
the lift ram, say by every extra person who goes into the lift cage, thus pro-
viding at all times an abundance of power over and above, all frictional resistance
of the apparatus and a sure or positive action thereof.
In one arrangement or construction of apparatus under this invention, the
hydraulic controlling device rain, the hand operated or primary valve, and the
automatic valve, are all contained within one casing. The primary or hand
actuated valve may be adapted to supply water to the first power (one of the
lift actuating) cylinders and also put the hydraulic controlling ram cylinder in
communication with the lift ram cylinder, the port to the first power cylinder
will also communicate with a port in the automatic valve through which water
from the service main will be conducted to the second or third or other power
lift actuating cylinders, through suitable ports in the valve casing or seat, whilst
for the exhausting or return strokes said primary valve puts the hydraulic con-
trolling ram cylinder in communication with an exhaust port and all the lift
actuating cylinders in communication with the exhaust port, which may be common
to all cylinders.
In this arrangement, the return stroke of the hydraulic controlling ram may be
effected by having a small spindle or rain passing into said valve casing so that the
main pressure water acts constantly thereon, and acts against the controlling ram
and when the actuating cylinder thereof is put in communication with its exhaust,
such pressure water presses said ram back.
The hydraulic controlling ram may in one arrangement be connected with the
lever it controls, the action of, by outside connecting bars or rods.
In another arrangement the communication of the distributing valve with the
power cylinders or the like may be actuated or controlled through a worm or
worm wheel or nut connected with said valve, the worm wheel being actuated
through a hydraulic controlling cylinder and ram with a weight connected with
it and say a rack and pinion. In this case the hydraulic cylinder and ram may
be arranged at right angles to the valve spindle.
In another case the hydraulic controlling ram may be adapted to operate an
eccentric which is turned thereby, and according to the amount of rotation so the
travel of the distributing valve, which is connected with it, will be controlled.
As a modification of the means of actuating the worm wheel or nut actuating the
distributing valve spindle, we may employ a quadrant moved by the hydraulic
controlling ram; or equivalent means may be employed therefor.
In the above description special arrangements have been described for effecting
the purposes and ends of this invention; it is however to be understood that
the invention is not restricted to these specific forms of apparatus or parts
specified, as these may be modified or equivalents used without departing from
the invention.
1
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicants' Patent Agents.

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Hydraulic Lifts, Hoists, and
analogous Machinery.
We, CHARLES MUSKER and ARTHUR MUSKER, both of Dundas Street,
Bootle, in the County of Lancaster, Hydraulic Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference mainly to hydraulic lifts, hoists, or analogous
machinery, wherein the power applied is automatically regulated or adjusted or
controlled according to the load or weight upon the cage (or its equivalent) of
the litt or hoist to be elevated or raised, and by or through such load or weight.
Various forms or constructions and types of hydraulic lifting or elevating
machinery wherein variable powers may be obtained, exerted under varying
conditions of the load or weight, may have this invention applied to or in connection
with them as a whole, or in part; such as hydraulic elevators or lifts having two
or more cylinders or rams which are adapted to give out different powers when used,
or which when used in different combinations give out different powers, and other
equivalent arrangements or types of hydraulic machinery. However, for convenience,
we will describe this invention as applied to a bydraulic lift or elevator-say a
passenger lift, wherein a "balancing" cylinder or cylinders and rams are employed
in connection with a lift cylinder.
. According to this invention, say as applied to a lift of the kind just above referred
to, water under pressure, equal to that of the water in the lift cylinder, at any stage
in rising, acts upon a hydraulic ram which is connected with or works in conjunction
with a valve or valves which control the supply of water to and flow from the
cylinders which actuate the lift; and this ram has normally acting against it the
service pressure water (or a weight) through another ram-in some cases of smaller
diameter; and in connection with this there is a weight so arranged that the
further or more the said hydraulic ram is moved the weight exerts a greater
weight or pressure against it, so that the apparatus or device becomes balanced and
is brought to rest. Thus for every increment of pressure on the hydraulic device,
due to an increase of load on the lift ram or cylinder, a greater pressure on said
bydraulic controlling ram is exerted and it is moved thereby, which movement
moves the weight until the increased pressure is balanced. This movement of the
hydraulic device acts in connection with a lever connected with an automatic valve
and controlling its movement; and according as said hydraulic device is more or
less moved so will said automatic valve be allowed to move more or less and supply
water to one or more of the lift actuating or power cylinders.
When the service pressure water (or a weight as above specified) is used to act
against the pressure of the controlling ram, the apparatus or device acts as a
governor both as regards power and speed, whether such contra pressure is over or
under the normal.
The lever connecting the hydraulic controlling ram or device with the automatic
water distributing valve is so arranged that in one stroke, while it controls its
movement, the pressure by which said valve is moved does not actuate or effect the
movement of said hydraulic controlling device.
The automatic water distributing valve may in its out stroke be actuated by
the pressure of the hydraulic supply water, the pressure acting thereon through
its spindle, which passes through the valve case; which spindle may be directly
connected to the controlling lever. Or, it may be actuated mechanically through
the hydraulic controlling ram or device.
The minimum power is applied through a positively actuated valve operated

page_text: through the ordinary lift hand rope or its equivalent, which when operated supplies
water to say one of the lift actuating cylinders, and puts the hydraulic controlling
device cylinder in communication with the water acting upon the lift ram.
Or, in
some cases, all the powers of the lift may be controlled by the hydraulic controlling
ram or cylinder.
The hydraulic controlling device ram is of such a size that an abundance of
pressure is brought to act upon it by each increment of load which comes upon the
lift ram, say by every extra person who goes into the lift cage, thus providing at
all times an, abundance of power over and above all frictional resistance of the
apparatus and a sure or positive action thereof.
In one arrangement or construction of apparatus under this invention, the
hydraulic controlling device ram, the hand operated or primary valve, and
the automatic valve, are all contained within one casing. The primary or hand
actuated valve may be adapted to supply water to the first power (one of the lift
actuating) cylinders, and also put the hydraulic controlling ram cylinder in
communication with the lift ram cylinder. The port to the first power cylinder
will also communicate with a port in the automatic valve through which water
from the service main will be conducted to the second or third or other power
lift actuating cylinders, through suitable ports in the valve casing or seat, whilst
for the exhausting or return stroke said primary valve puts the hydraulic controlling
ram cylinder in communication with the exhaust port or the pressure water, and all
the lift actuating or power cylinders in communication with the .exhaust port,
which may be common to all cylinders.
In this arrangement, the return stroke of the hydraulic controlling ram may
be effected by having a small spindle or ram passing into or connected with said
valve casing so that the main pressure water acts constantly thereon, and acts
against the controlling ram, and when the actuating cylinder thereof is put in
communication with its exhaust or its pressure relieved, such pressure water presses
said ram back.
The hydraulic controlling ram may in one arrangement be connected with the
lever it controls the action of, by outside connecting bars or rods.
i
In another arrangement the communication of the distributing valve with the
power cylinders or the like may be actuated or controlled through a worm or worm
wheel or nut connected with said valve, the worm wheel being actuated through a
hydraulic controlling cylinder and ram with a weight connected with it, and say a
rack and pinion. In this case the hydraulic cylinder and ram may be arranged at
right angles to the valve spindle.
In another case the hydraulic controlling ram may be adapted to operate an
eccentric which is turned thereby, and according to the amount of rotation so the
travel of the distributing valve, which is connected with it, will be controlled.
As a modification of the means of actuating the worm wheel or nut actuating the
distributing valve spindle, we may employ a quadrant moved by the hydraulic
controlling ram; or equivalent means may be employed therefor.
In this description special arrangements are described for effecting the purposes
and ends of this invention; is, however, to be understood that the invention is
not restricted to these specific forms of apparatus or parts specified and shown, as
these may be modified as to form or arrangement without departing from the
invention.
"
In the drawings illustrating this invention, we shew applied to a case wherein
it is assumed a lift is adapted to be actuated by three different powers, viz. where
under three different loads, three different and corresponding powers or quantities
of pressure water will be used to litt or raise them, two of such powers being
automatically applied and controlled by and according to the load.
In these drawings, Figure 1 is an outside view shewing the hand actuated, and
automatically operated or controlled valve, in plan, with the hydraulic controlling
device removed:
Figure 2 is a cross section through the valves and casing at A. A Figure 1 :

page_text: Figure 5:
Figure 4 is an outside full plan of the apparatus; and Figure 5 is an outside end
view.
In Figure 6 the arrangement of the valve ports of the apparatus is shewn; while
Figures 7 and 8 are respectively longitudinal, and cross section, through the
lines C C & D D Figure 6, of the ports, and shewing the lower part of the
apparatus.
Figure 9 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 10 a plan, shewing a base or frame
on which the apparatus shewn in Figures 1 to 8 is supported and also parts for
actuating the hand operated valve, and the variable weight used in connection
with the automatically operated or controlled valve.
Figure 11 is an elevation shewing a modification of the apparatus shewn in
Figures 1 to 10.
For convenience of description, it will be assumed that the type of lift in
connection with which the apparatus illustrated is used, is one wherein a "balancing
cylinder is employed, and three cylinders or powers are used in connection with
it; the lift being worked by a single cylinder in the ordinary or any known way.
Referring now to the drawings, (more particularly to Figures 1 to 8) a is the
casing in which the valves are disposed and work, and 6 is the lower part of
the apparatus in which the valve ports and water passages are provided, and the
flange of which is adapted to be fixed on the base shewn in Figures 9 and 10.
e is the hand actuated valve controlling the flow of water to and from the primary
power apparatus say cylinder of a lift, which will hereafter be called the first power
cylinder is the automatically operated or controlled valve. e is the lever by
which the valve is controlled and operated, said lever being of duplex bell crank
fora, and mounted on the casing a by a pin el; and connected with the valve d by
the spindle d*. fis the hydraulic ram by which the actuation or control of the
automatic valve d is effected. g is the cylinder of the ram f with which communi-
cation with the lift ram cylinder is made and broken, as hereafter described, and
wherein the pressure of water existing in the said cylinder acts on the ram, the
cylinder being mounted on the casing a. h is a ram by which the return stroke
of the rain is effected, said ram being fixed on a hollow extension of the case a,
and working through the head of, and in, the ram h; which is hollow and provided
with a stuffing box and gland. 2 are rollers mounted on the opposite sides of the
ram, and working in connection with the lever e.
Referring to Figures 9 and 10, i is the base on which the valve apparatus is
mounted and works. kis the lever, operated by and from the lift rope or other
convenient means, by which the valve c is operated, movement being transmitted to
said valve by the link and valve spindle cx. 2 is a bracket on the base i upon
which the lever k is mounted. is the weight operating in connection with the
ram, by which, according to the load in the lift, and pressure on the ram thereof,
it (the ramf) is balanced and held at different points, and the valve d moved different
amounts. The weight is connected with ram by a cord or chain m passing over
a pulley m on the head of the fixed piston 4, and a weight rod n on the end of said
chain or cord. The cord or chain mi is connected with the head of the ram ƒ by a
projection thereon as shewn.
The weight has overhanging lugs thereon and is supported thereby on ledges i¹
on the base and the weight rod n has a plate n' on its lower end, and is adapted
to move freely through the weight, the plate n' being adapted to come into
contact with the under side of the weight when raised. A second weight y
connected with the head of the ram is used to form an adjustment weight to
the weight. By this the exact nett dead weight required to act upon the ram / is
obtained.
As regards the valve ports etc., the valve c (see Figures 1,,2, 6, 7 and 8) works
in connection with the ports c¹ in the base b, which are the ports controlling the
supply to and discharge from the first cylinder, also the second and third power

page_text: cylinders, and also the ports c³ c which control the flow of water to and from the
cylinder g of the hydraulic controlling device. The supply port c' extends through
the part to the branch e, which will be connected with the said first power
cylinder; whilst the port c² is the exhaust port and extends to the exhaust branch,
which is common to both valves. The small port extends to the branch cº,
which will be connected with the cylinder g by a small pipe-not shewn; and
the port extends to the branch c', which will be connected with the lift
cylinder.
With respect to the valve (see Figures 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 8) and the ports it
controls, d' is a port of the said valve, through which the supply to the second and
third power cylinders passes, and also returns when exhausting; while 2 is a port
therein through which water is supplied to one or both of the power cylinders in
idle strokes, such water being supplied from and also returned to a suitable tank
or vessel, as usual. The port in the part & conveys water from the supply port cl
to the port d' of the valve d; and the ports and do, convey said water from the
port to the second and third power cylinders, respectively, these ports being
extending through the part 6 to the branches d and respectively, which will be
connected with said power cylinders by pipes; while is port conveying water
from and to the port d' of the valve d, to and from the exhaust branch in idle
strokes.
O is a branch (see Figures 6 and 7), and o¹ a port connected with same, in the
part b, by which the pressure water is admitted into the valve casing a.
The operation of the apparatus will now be described. Assuming the lift or
elevator, to be at rest, and the supply port el to the first power cylinder closed by
the valve e, in this position, the port c³ will not be covered by the valve c, i.e., open
to the interior of the casing a, and the pressure water from the service main or
supply will therefore be admitted to the cylinder g, by way of such port c³, and
the branch e, and the pipe connecting it with the cylinder y, and will act upon the
ram and force it to the outer end of its stroke; the weight, then resting on the
ledges, and its rod a lowered down through it, hanging free, as shewn in Figure 9.
In and by this stroke the rollers 2, acting on the under side of the end of the
double lever e, will have raised same, and so moved the valve d to the position
shewn in Figure 3, that is to a position in which both ports and d³, connected
with the second and third power cylinders, are opened to the supply port c, by the
valve port d; but the port c¹ being covered by the valve e, no pressure water can
flow to same or the 2nd and 3rd cylinder ports d' and d. When however, the
valve c uncovers the port c', in starting the lift by the lever k, pressure water can
flow to all the said power cylinders; and the said cylinders thereby being supplied
with water, a sure and speedy start is obtained. In starting the lift upon receiving
a load, the lever k (see Figures 9 and 10) being actuated by the rope or other usual
means as stated, and the valve c thereby moved, the port e is covered and closed
by the valve and is put in connection with the port connected with the cylinder g,
by the passage c* (see Figures 1 and 2) of the valve c. The effect of this is that,
at the start, pressure water is supplied to the three power cylinders by way of the
ports c, d, d (in the valve d), d, and d³, and the branches c, d, and 7, while
the cylinder g is instantaneously put in communication with the lift cylinder by the
branch c, port e, valve port c*, port 3, and branch c. Thus according to the
load on the lift, so will be the pressure of water in the cylinder g, which is in
connection with it; and if this load is less than that by which all three power
cylinders, or the second and third power cylinders, are adapted or arranged to come
into action, the ram will be pressed back by the pressure water at full main
pressure acting on the ramfsupplied from the casing a through the fixed hollow
ram h; and the rollers will thereby leave the lever e, and so the valve d will be
free to be pressed outwards by the pressure water acting on the end of its spindle d*,
and will be so pressed outwards; by which movement one or both of the ports d³ d
will be cut off from the service supply water through the port d³, and put out of
action one or both of the power cylinders. The stroke, therefore, of this cylinder

page_text: or these cylinders, will be idle, and they will be filled through the ports and d
with water from a suitable vessel or tank to which the exhaust flows by way of the
port c
As to whether one or both the third and second power cylinders is or are
put out of action; this depends upon the amount of the load, and is adjusted,.
self-actuated, and governed as follows:-As this ram is moved inwards in the
cylinder 9 by the pressure water from the casing a, acting on the smaller area thereon.
(viz., an area equal to that of the fixed ram ), the weight comes into action, and acts
as a contra force to this pressure, and in effect becomes added to that in the cylinder g
of a lower pressure, pressing on the larger area of the end of the ram f. The
action of this weight is, that as the ram moves inwards, the weight rod n-
being connected with it is lifted, and the plate n¹ on its end first comes into
contact with the weight; and if the load on the lift is such that the pressure
in the cylinder g, acting on the end of the ram, plus that exerted by the
weight, is greater than that acting on the smaller area within the ram, tending to
press it inwards, then the ram is brought to rest on the plate n' coming into contact
with the weight l, and only the port is closed to supply, and the third power
cylinder put out of action, and put in connection with the idle stroke feed-tank or
vessel. If, however, the load in the lift be, still less, and the pressure on the end
of the ram, plus that of the weight be not equal to that within the ram f tending
to press it inwards, then the weight will be lifted, and the ram f will be moved
inwards to the end of its stroke, and the valve d will be further moved outwards by
the pressure on its spindle, so as to cut off both ports and d from the supply
port d³, and both third and second power cylinders will be put out of action. On
the other hand, if the load in the lift be so great that the pressure in g be sufficient to
prevent any inward movement of the ram, then all these power cylinders will be
supplied with pressure water, and will be in action together. Thus a perfect
automatic governing action takes place at all times, and only so much power
and amount of pressure water is used as is needful to lift or elevate the load in
the lift.
To lower the lift, the lever k is moved in the reverse direction to that for starting
the lift; and so moved as to cause the valve c to cover the port c¹ and put it in
communication, by way of the valve port cx (see Figures 1 and 2), with the
exhaust port c², and to open the port to the pressure water in the casing a ; and
by the closing of the port c', the supply to the port d and second and third power
cylinders are cut off. By this reversal of the valve c, and admission of pressure
water to the cylinder g, the valve d will be moved so as to cause the port d thereof
to put the two power cylinder ports d³ and d in connection with the port d³,
which will now become an exhaust port. Thus all the power cylinders are opened
to the exhaust by way of the port 2, and the water from them passes away through
the common exhaust branch r, by way of an exhaust tank or cistern as usual, to
any suitable outfall.
In the modification shewn in Figure 11-which is an elevation thereof-there is
shewn a construction of valvular apparatus wherein a dead weight is used to effect
the return action of the hydraulic device ram, instead of a ram and cylinder
actuated by the pressure water, as above set forth. In this case, the cylinder g is.
placed and fixed vertically on the bed i; and on the outer end of the ram f, the
roller which works in connection with the lever e-is mounted, the lever e
itself in this case being vertically disposed, while the valve spindle of the
valve d is connected to it between the upper end, and the fulcrum pivot at e¹..
The dead weight acts upon the ram f, normally tending to move it to the bottom
or inner end of its stroke, through the rod h*, which passes through a stuffing box.
in the bottom of the cylinder g.
In this arrangement, the weight to be picked up is operated by the rod h*..
This rod has a boss or tappet * upon it, which acts upon a lever P, fulcrummed
at p', in the down stroke of the ram f, the lever being supported by the suspended.
stop when the ram is in its top position. In action, assuming the ram to fall

page_text: due to a small lift load, the fall for the first part of the stroke is clear or
unrestricted; then half way down, the boss * comes in contact with the lever p,
and so brings the weight into play; if the pressure on the ram, plus that due to
this weight, is still less than that exerted by the weight h, the lever p will be
moved and the weight lifted, and the ram would fall to the bottom of its
cylinder. Should however, by the boss 4*1 coming into contact with the lever p,
the pressure on the ram, plus that exerted by the weight 1, be greater than that
exerted by the weight , the descent of the ram will be stopped on this contact
of the boss * with the lever p being made, and only one power cylinder would
be put out of action, while in the former case both power cylinders would be put
out of action.
As regards the particular mode of action of the hydraulic ram and the
automatic valve operated thereby, namely, the supplying of pressure water to all
the power cylinders at the start, whereby a speedy start is effected; also the
construction of valve herein shewn and described, by which water is supplied to
one or more of said power cylinders in their idle strokes; also the arrangement and
combination of valves and passages shewn and described by which the supply of
pressure water to and the exhaust from the power cylinders is controlled; and also
the mode of and means for supplying or controlling the supply of water to and
from the hydraulic actuating device herein described, these, it is to be stated and
understood, do not form part of the invention claimed under this application, but
constitute the subject of a separate and subsequent application for Patent hereto,
made by us; and are introduced and given herein, only, as shewing and setting
forth the best means of which we are at present aware of carrying out the invention
the subject of this application.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. In bydraulic lifts, hoists, and analogous machinery, a valvular device or
apparatus for automatically controlling and governing through the amount of load
to be lifted, the power, or quantity of pressure water, used to lift or actuate said
load, consisting of or comprising a hydraulic ram and cylinder connected with the
lift cylinder; a valve actuated by said ram by which pressure water to two or
more power cylinders is distributed and controlled; and means substantially as
described disposed between and connecting the said ram and said valve, through
which the valve is actuated by said ram in one stroke, but the action and pressure
on the ram through said means does not affect the action of said ram; substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
2. In hydraulic lifts, hoists, and analogous machinery, wherein two or more
different powers are adapted to be applied and used to lift or work varying loads,
a valvular device or apparatus consisting of or comprising, a valve operated by
hand, by which pressure water is distributed to the first power cylinder; a hydraulic
ram and cylinder in connection with the lift or hoist cylinder; a valve connected
with said ram by which pressure water to one or more other power cylinders is
distributed and controlled; and means substantially as described disposed between
and connecting said ram and said valve whereby it is actuated by said ram, but the
action and pressure on the ram through said means does not affect the action of
the ram; substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. In hydraulic lifts, hoists, and analogous machinery; wherein different powers
are used or adapted to lift or raise varying loads, the employment in connection
with an automatically operated valve actuated in one stroke by a hydraulic ram
worked or controlled by water of a pressure equal to and from the lift cylinder,
and due to the load, of a lever actuated by said hydraulic ram and operating said
valve; arranged and operating in the manner substantially as herein set forth with
reference to the drawings.

page_text: 4. The valvular apparatus having its parts constructed, combined, and adapted
to operate as set forth with reference to and as shewn in Figures 1 to 10 of the
drawings.
5. The valvular apparatus having its parts constructed, combined, and adapted
to operate as set forth with reference to and as shewn in Figure 11 of the
drawings.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool.