Improvements in Looms for Weaving Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1888

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving Pile Fabrics.
1, JAMES WADE, of F 4 Newcastle Chambers Angel Row, in the Borough of
Nottingham, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement.:-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction and arrangement of the.
hook or catch mechanism of the wire motion of looms for weaving pile fabrics for
the purpose of enabling it to retain a firm hold upon the pile wire during its with-
drawal until it is transferred to the inserting apparatus; the invention also relates to
the construction and arrangement of the apparatus for taking the head of the pile
wire from the hook or catch, and inserting the same into the open shed.
In carrying out my invention 1 employ the ordinary hook used on what is known
as the Crossley & Collier loom, and place directly behind the bill of the hook or catch,
what I term a sliding ward or bolt which is kept flush with the tip or bill of the
hook or catch by the action of a spring. When the hook or catch first engages with
the head of a wire the sliding ward is pressed into its recess by coming in contact
with the wire-head, but the moment the hook or catch commences to withdraw a
wire, the head enters the cavity of the bill and the resistance of the wire head on
the ward ceases and the spring projects it flush with the outside of the hook or
catch locking the wire head securely in its place.
It often occurs with the ordinary book that if the loom is stopped during the
withdrawing movement the wire head will drop away from contact with the hook
or catch and if not replaced before again starting the loom, will cause breakage and
delay, but my invention renders such actions impossible. The hook or catch is
carried on a reciprocating slide working on a slide bar placed at the wire motion
side of the loom. In the slide bar is formed a curved groove and at the end of the
bar nearest the selvage of the fabric one side of the groove is cut away, but con-
tracted to its proper width by a spring plate which is secured in the enlargement..
Also working in suitable guideways on and in combination with the reciprocating
slide, is a cross slide to which is secured the spring clip controlling the head of the
pile wire during its insertion into the open shed; this cross slide is operated by a

page_text: swivel stud working in the curved groove of the slide bar consequently when the
reciprocating slide receives its longitudinal drawing out motion the swivel stud attached
to the cross slide working in the curved groove of the slide bar conveys transverse
motion to the cross slide thereby bringing the spring clip into contact with the pile
wire head on the hook, this self acting action releases the head of the wire from
the hook or catch thereby allowing the insertor to take charge of the wire head
until the wire is properly delivered into the shed of the fabric.
When the reciprocating slide finishes its inserting movement the swivel stud in
the cross slide will bear against the spring plate in the slide bar, and when the
lay of the loom beats up the wire, the spring plate allows for the slight move-
ment imparted to the inserting instrument attached to the cross slide, through the
swivel stud until the wire is properly secured by the warp and weft.
With my
improved wire motion the present form of pile wire head as used on the Crossley &
Collier loom may be employed.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying sheet of
drawings in which Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in section, Fig. 2 is a plan, Fig. 3
is a plan partly in section of the reciprocating slide finishing its outward movement,
Fig. 4 is an end elevation of Fig. 2 and Fig. 5 is a cross section thereof, Fig. 6
and 7 are full sized plan and end elevation of my improved hook or catch, Fig. 8
and 9 are front and back view of the spring jaw instrument which holds the head of a
pile wire during its insertion towards the open shed of the fabric, Fig. 10 and 11 are
plans and elevations of different forms of swivel studs and Fig. 12 is a front view of
a pile wire.
C is the
A is the pile wire and B the hook or catch for withdrawing the same.
spring ward or bolt the head of which fits into a recess formed in the head of the hook
or catch from which recess it is partially projected by a spring D until it is flush
with the tip or bill b of the hook. In operation the ward C working in suitable
bearings Won and in combination with the hook or catch B is held by the spring D
in position behind the bill of the hook or catch B containing the head of the pile wire A
thereby preventing the disengagement of the head of the pile wire A from the hook
or catch mechanism, consequently obviating unnecessary delay and breakage that
would arise from the head of the pile wire being disengaged from the hook or catch
mechanism when the loom is suddenly stopped during the wire withdrawing move-
ment. On the end of the sliding ward C is a projecting stud X, and between the
bearings W on the hook or catch B in which the sliding ward C is supported and
traverses, I attach to the sliding ward C the collar X2 for the purpose of adjusting the
spiral spring D. The head of the pile wire A is transferred from the hook or catch B
which withdraws it from the fabric to the spring clip which holds it during its insertion
into the open shed of the fabric, by placing at the wire motion side of the loom a
slide bar in which is formed a curved groove F, at the end of the slide bar E
nearest the selvage of the fabric one side of the groove F is cut away but contracted
to the uniform width by a spring plate G which is secured in the enlargement of the
groove. On the slide bar E is mounted the compound reciprocating slide box H to
which the hook or catch B is attached. Working in guideways I on the slide box H, is
a short cross slide bar J recessed near its centre to receive a swivel stud M, and cover
plate N which carries a lubricator O.. The lower part of the swivel stud M fits into
and traverses the curved groove F consequently when longitudinal motion is imparted
to the compound reciprocating slide box H the short cross slide bar J will receive a
transverse motion equal to the curvature of the groove. To one end of the short
cross slide bar J is attached the spring clip which holds the head of the pile wire A
during its insertion into the shed of the fabric.
This instrument consists of carrier plate K tapering towards the inner end V, slots P,
projecting releasing pusher R, spring jaws L, and forked spring S. The spring
jaws L on the front side are constructed with bell mouth lips, attached to the rear of
the spring jaws L are the studs T which work through slots P in carrier plate K
where they come in contact with and are held in position by the forked spring S.
After the slide box H completes the necessary movement for the insertion of the.

page_text: pile wire A into the shed of the fabric the swivel stud M will be in position bearing
against the spring plate G, therefore the motion imparted by the lay of the loom to
the short cross slide J when beating home the pile wire and weft will be compensated
for by the action of the spring plate G on the swivel stud M.
It will now he understood that when the compound reciprocating slide box H has
completed its inward movement the bill of the hook or catch B will be within the
recess of the head of the pile to be next withdrawn from the fabric and the head a of
the pile wire will be pressing against the top of the sliding ward C, but immediately
the bill b engages with the head of the pile wire which it will do at the commence-
ment of the outward movement of the compound reciprocating slide box H, the
pressure of the head a on the sliding ward (will cease, and the spiral spring D will
force the sliding ward C in position behind the bill thereby securing or locking the
head of the pile wire to the hook or catch. Another mode of actuating the sliding
ward C is by fixing on the breast beam Z (or other convenient part of the loom) the
projection so constructed that when the slide box H is completing its inward move-
ment the projecting stud X on the sliding ward C will be in contact with the
projection Y thereby drawing the sliding ward C clear of the hook or catch and
head of the pile wire and holding it in that position until the outward or withdrawing
movement of the slide box H, when the stud X will leave contact with the projection Y
and through the pressure of the spiral spring D the sliding ward C will be forced in
position behind the bill of the hook or catch B securing or locking the head of the
pile wire to the hook or catch. In continuing the withdrawing movement of the pile
wire from the fabric, the swivel stud M with its lower part projecting and fitting into,
and traversing the curved groove F imparts motion to the short cross slide bar Jequal
to the curvature of the groove F, the result of this motion will bring the spring
jaws L in contact with the head of the pile wire. The jaws will be forced open and
by the pressure of the forked spring S on studs T are made to grip firmly the head of
the pile wire, securely holding it during its insertion into the open shed. Also the
projecting releasing pusher R on the carrier plate K of the spring clip is brought
into contact with the sliding ward C thereby displacing the ward from its position
behind the bill of the hook or catch B, consequently the head of the wire is set at
liberty to enter the spring jaws L, and is inserted in the shed of the fabric. During
the insertion the end of the wire may be supported and actuated by the mechanism
shown in Specification of Letters Patent granted to me September 4th, 1885 number
10502.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what 1 claim is :
(1). In a loom such as described the combination with a hook or catch B of a
sliding ward such as C operating substantially as and for the purpose described and
illustrated in the accompanying sheet of drawings.
(2.) In a loom such as described, the combination with a hook or catch B of a
sliding ward such as C actuated by a spring substantially as and for the purpose
described and illustrated in the accompanying sheet of drawings.
(3). In a loom such as described the combination with spring jaws such as L of a
projecting pusher R for depressing the sliding ward C in order to release the pile wire
substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the accompanying
sheet of drawings.
(4). In a loom such as described the combination with a hook or catch B of a sliding
ward C operated in one direction by a spring D and in the other by a stud X and
projection Y substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the
accompanying sheet of drawings.
(5). In a loom such as descried a slide bar E having a curved groove such as F for
imparting transverse motion to a cross slide J substantially as and for the purpose
described and illustrated in the accompanying sheet of drawings.
(6). In a loom such as described the combination with a slide bar E having a

page_text: curved groove such as F of a spring plate such as G substantially as and for the
purpose described and illustrated in the accompanying sheet of drawings.
(7). In a loom such as described the combination with a slide bar E having a curved
groove F and spring plate G of a sliding box H carrying a hook or catch B, cross
slide such as Joperated by a swivel stud such as M working in the curved groove F
in the slide bar E, substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in
the accompanying sheet of drawings.
(8). In a loom such as described the complete apparatus for effecting the insertion
and withdrawal of the pile wires, substantially as and for the purpose described and
illustrated in the accompanying sheet of drawings.