AN IMPROVED COMPOUND METAL OR ALLOY CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR DEOXIDIZING AND COATING METAL PLATES
Year: 1884

page_text: I HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of said invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND METAL OR ALLOY CHIEFLY
DESIGNED FOR DEOXIDIZING AND COATING METAL PLATES" to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is the production of a compound metal or alloy for
deoxidizing and coating iron or steel plates and other metal articles the said
compound being electro-positive to iron and having its melting point so low as to
permit the use of vegetable oil or animal fats, rich in carbon, upon the surface of
the compouud while in a melted state and forming a fluid compound adapted to
cover the iron or steel with a thin coating so that such coated metal will resist
atmospheric oxidation moro effectually than when coated with tin, as now practised
and without increasing the cost of production of plates so coated as compared
with tin plates and improving the iron for manufacturing purposes.
My invention consists in a compound metal or alloy composed of metallic sodium,
lead, tin and zinc compounded for use as a metal bath, into which iron plates, or
sheet-iron, iron sheets or other metal articles, are immersed and deoxidized and
thereby coated so as to prevent future oxidation.
To carry my invention into practical effect I employ the following proportions of
metallic sodium, tin, lead and zinc, viz-from one half (2) part to five (5) parts
of metallic sodium in four hundred and eighty (480) parts of the volume required
so that Eight hundred and twenty eight (828) parts of lead Two hundred and
thirty six (236) parts of tin and Three hundred and ninety one (391) parts of zino
would require from one half (/) part to fifteen (15) parts of metallic sodium.
These proportions may however be slightly varied. The metallic sodium, tin,
zinc and lead, are to be melted in a large crucible and thoroughly intermixed to
form my improved alloy.
On the surface of this mixture while in the melted state I place a vegetable oik
or animal fat high in carbon to prevent oxidation and subserve the general purpose
of a flux bath.

page_text: This alloy or compound metal may be cast in ingots to be remelted as desired for
use, or it may be poured into the tank or kettle as soon as compounded, the articles
to be coated being immersed in the bath in this tank or kettle in the usual way
until the desired coating is obtained.
If it is desired that the articles or metals coated shall have a white or silvery
appearance I vary the proportions above given to from fifteen (15) to thirty (30)
per cent of zinc, the other metals being used in the quantities stated If metals to
be coated are intended to be used for roofing or other purposes which will
necessarily expose them to the action of the atmosphere, appearance being of
secondary consideration, the proportions stated will be varied as follows according
to the quantity of alloy required viz: from one hundred and seventy five (175) to
two hundred and sixty five (265) per cent of lead and from fifteen (15) to one
hundred (100) per cent of zinc, the proportions of metallic sodium and tin
remaining as before.
My improved alloy is more electro-positive to the iron than tin alone or tin and
lead, and renders the coated material less liable to oxidation.
The use of the metallic sodium increases the electro positive character of the
alloy and diminishes the melting point of the compound to such an extent that
vegetable oils, or animal fats, high in carbon can be employed and thus oxidation
be prevented or arrested, which will not be the case when any alloy now known
which is electro-positive to the iron is used as a coating, because any metal or
compound metal whose melting point exceeds 500° when brought to the working
temperature would instantly ignite oils or fats if employed as described.
In use my improved alloy can be employed to coat metals in the same manner as
tinning-is-now dono instead of operating in the same way as the more expensive
process of galvanizing, and thus I can coat metals with my improved-alloy-at
considerably less expense than can be done with the galvanizing process.
Metals coated with my improved alloy have as much (if not more) resistance to
oxidation as galvanized metals, and much greater resistance than ordinary tin plate
or sheet tin.
Dh the town of Annil 1001

page_text: I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND METAL OR ALLOY CHIEFLY
DESIGNED FOR DEOXIDIZING AND COATING METAL PLATES and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
"
The object of this invention is the production of a compound metal or alloy for
deoxidizing and coating iron or steel plates, and other inetal articles; the said
compound being electro positive to iron and having its melting point so low as to
permit the use of vegetable oil or animal fats rich in carbon upon the surface of
the compound while in a melted state and forming a fluid compound adapted to
cover the iron or steel with a thin coating, so that such coated metal will resist
atmospheric oxidation more effectually than when coated with tin, as now practised,
and without increasing the cost of production of plates so coated as compared with
tin plates and improving the iron for manufacturing purposes.
My invention comprises a compound metal or alloy composed of metallic sodium,
lead, tin and zinc compounded for use as a metal bath, into which iron plates, or
sheet iron, iron sheets or other metal articles, are immersed and deoxidized and
thereby coated so as to prevent future oxidation.
To carry my invention into practical effect I employ the following proportions
of metallic sodium, tin, lead and zinc, viz:-from one half (/) part to five (5)
parts of metallic sodium in four hundred and eighty (480) parts of the volume
required, so that eight hundred and twenty eight (828) parts of lead, two hundred
and thirty six (236) parts of tin, and three hundred and ninety one (391) parts of
zinc would require from one half (/) part to fifteen (15) parts of metallic sodium.
These proportions may however be slightly varied. The metallic sodium, tin, zinc
and lead are to be melted in a large crucible and thoroughly intermixed to form
my improved alloy. On the surface of this mixture while in the melted state
I place a vegetable oil or animal fat high in carbon to prevent oxidation and
subserve the general purpose of a flux bath.
This alloy or compound metal may be cast in ingots to be remelted as desired for
use, or it may be poured into the tank or kettle as soon as compounded, the articles
to be coated being immersed in the bath in this tank or kettle in the usual way
until the desired coating is obtained.
If it is desired that the articles or metals coated shall have a white or silvery
appearance I vary the proportions above given to from fifteen (15) to thirty (30)
per cent of zinc, the other metals being used in the quantities stated.
If metals to be coated are intended to be used for roofing or other purposes
which will necessarily expose them to the action of the atmosphere, appearance
being of secondary consideration, the proportions stated will be varied as follows
according to the quantity of alloy required, viz from one hundred and seventy five
(175) to two hundred and sixty five (265) parts of lead, and from fifteen (15) to
one hundred (100) parts of zinc, the proportions of metallic sodium and tin
remaining as before.
My improved alloy is more electro-positive to the iron than tin alone or tin and
lead, and renders the coated material less liable to oxidation.
The use of metallic sodium increases the electro-positive character of the alloy
and diminishes the melting point of the compound to such an extent that vegetable

page_text: oils, or animal fats, high in carbon, can be employed and thus oxidation be prevented
or arrested, which will not be the case when any alloy now known, which is
electro-positive to the iron, is used as a coating, because any metal or compound
metal whose melting point exceeds 500° when brought to the working temperature
would instantly ignite oils or fats if employed as described.
In use, my improved alloy can be employed to coat metals in the same manner
as tinning is now done, instead of operating in the same way as the more expensive
process of galvanizing, and thus I can coat metals with my improved alloy at
considerably less expense than can be done with the galvanizing process.
Metals coated with my improved alloy have as much (if not more) resistance to
oxidation as galvanized metals, and much greater resistance than ordinary tin-plate
or sheet-tin.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
An alloy, for coating iron, consisting of lead, tin and zinc with metallic sodium
added substantially in the manner and proportions specified, whereby the alloy is
rendered electro-positive to iron, its melting point reduced, and oxidation destroyed,
arrested or prevented, as above set forth.
Dated this 7th day of November 1884
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.