An Improved Apparatus for Extracting Pyroligneous Spirit from Saw-dust.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1899-Accepted, 16th Sept., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Apparatus for Extracting Pyroligneous Spirit from
Saw-dust.
I, PETER SCHNEIDER, of 43, Derendorferstrasse, Dusseldorf, Germany, Mechanic,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The invention relates to apparatuses destined for distilling saw-dust for the
purpose of extracting the pyroligneous spirit contained therein.
Un the annexed drawing a mode of construction is shown, by way of example;
and on this drawing:
Fig. is a side view of the apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a transverse longitudinal section of the same.
Fig. 3 is a plan.
Fig. 4 is a view of one end of the apparatus.
In the strong partition-walls 1, 2, of the front and back of a furnace 3 which
has a parallelipipedic shape, a cylinder 4 is fitted in such a manner as to be able
to revolve with a slight friction in the said partition-walls. This cylinder 4
has, at its centre, a toothed band 5, which, gearing with the spur-wheel 6 keyed
on a shaft 7, causes the cylinder 4 to revolve. The shaft 7 is supported horizon-
tally in bearings secured to the side walls of the furnace 3 and carries another spur
wheel S and a bevelled wheel 9 which latter gears with a bevelled wheel 10 and
thereby operates its vertical shaft 11. In the cylinder 4 revolves a central shaft 12
which is appropriately borne in the walls 1 and 2 of the furnace. This shaft is
means of
rotated
to the cylinder by
an opposite direction
in
a
wheel 13 which 18 actuated by an intermediate wheel 14 driven by
the shaft 7. On the shaft 12 are
the above-named spur wheel 8 on
three agitators 15 with inclined paddles or arms arranged cross wise and which
are followed by a helix 16 secured solidly to the shaft 12. The upper wall 17 of
the furnace carries a chimney 18 for the escape of the gases of combustion pro-
ceeding from the fire 19 and a box 20 which has a filling-funnel 21; in the box 20
revolve, in opposite directions, two agitators 22, 23, having 4 helicoidal arms.
One of these agitators, 22, is actuated from the aforesaid vertical shaft 11 by
means of grooved pulleys and a cord and it transmits its motion to the other 28
by means of the tangential rod 24 (see Fig. 3) in such a manner as to cause the
latter to revolve in an opposite direction. The box 20 is in communication, by
the channel 25, with a feeding apparatus 26 which consists of a fan wheel whose
shaft is horizontal and receives its motion from the vertical shaft 11 by means of
a cord running over grooved pulleys.
The casing of the wheel 27 communicates with the inside of the cylinder 4 by
the opening 28. At the opposite side of said cylinder 4 there is arranged at the
bottom an outlet passage 29 which can be shut by an automatic valve 30, whilst,
in the upper part of the cylinder, is a tube 31, which leads to a condenser 32
and through which it passes in a serpentine manner.
The modus operandi of the apparatus is as follows:
-
The saw-dust, which is introduced into the box 20 through the feeding

page_text: funnel 21, is fed forward by the action of the agitators, 22, 23, to the apparatus 26
into which it falls and is then forced into the revolving cylinder 4 by the action
of the fan 27. The inclined paddles of the agitators 15 drive the material, stirring
and mixing it all the time, towards the helix 16 which, again, drives the contents
of the cylinder towards the outlet opening 29. The cylinder 4 being completely
surrounded by the products of combustion from the furnace, the saw-dust, as it
passes through the cylinder 4, is subjected to the action of a strong heat and
disengages its pyrolignic spirit in the form of vapour which escapes through
the tube 31 and is condensed in the condenser 32.
The rotatory motion of the cylinder 4 ensures a homogeneous heating of its
contents which heating is rendered still more homogeneous by the action of the
mixing agitators. The continuity of the work guarantees an even yield much
superior to that obtained by other similar apparatuses.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I consider novel and desire to claim is:-
1. An apparatus for extracting pyroligneous spirit from saw-dust, characterized
by a cylinder carried revolubly in the fixed walls of a furnace and by agitators
with inclined vanes or arms and in a helix arranged in said cylinder and moving
in an opposite direction to the movement of the cylinder, substantially as herein-
before described.
2. In an apparatus such as claimed in Claim 1, a box having a fan wheel 27 said
box receiving the material to be treated through an upper-channel 25 and feed-
ing it into the rotating cylinder 4 through a channel 28, substantially as herein-
before described with reference to the drawings annexed.
3. In an apparatus such as claimed in Claims 1 and 2, a box 20 in which revolve,
in opposite directions, two wheels with arms 22, 23, which serve to forward, to-
wards the channel 25, the material through the feeding funnel 21, substantially
as herein before described with reference to the drawings annexed.
Dated this 17th day of July 1899