A METHOD OF WORKING PUMPS BY MACHINERY
Year: 1802

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
LANDELS, of Ratcliffe, in the Parish of Saint Dunstan, Stepney, in the County
of Middlesex, Shipwright, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing
date at Westminster, the Twentieth day of September, in the forty-second year
of the reign, give and grant unto me, the said James Landels, His especial
licence that I, the said James Landels, during the term therein mentioned,
should and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A METHOD OF WORKING
PUMPS BY MACHINERY;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained
a proviso obliging me, the said James Landels, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of my
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one calendar
month after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same (relation being thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Landels, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described in the

page_text: above Drawings and references thereto, and in manner following, that is
to say:-
The principal part of my machinery consists of two half or quarter circular
cog wheels, and, in certain cases, four half or quarter circular cog wheels,
a beam or balance fixed on two axles in the following manner :-For
the purpose of working two pumps together, I make use of two half or
quarter circular cog wheels, the one placed perpendicular above the other on
two axles placed in the centre between the pumps. On the upper axle is a
beam or balance that crosses the axle and extends from the centre of the one
pump to the centre of the other. The pump, spears, and boxes are made fast
to the beam or balance; the motion of the beam or balance raises the boxes
and delivers the water; the ends of the axles work in two stanshions or other
proper supports. Near the ends of the axle of the lower or hand wheel are
fixed two cross pieces across the axle, raising on each side in an angular
direction, or as the height may require; to the cross pieces are fixed two pump
breaks or leavers on each side, extending to a proper length, at the ends of
which handles pass thro' like those of a fire engine, likewise work two pumps,
together with the hand wheel placed perpendicular above the beam or balance
wheel, with the cross pieces and leavers, or pump breaks, fixed on the upper
axle, and in other respects they work as before described. Pumps of a
smaller calibre work with the cog wheels and beam or balance, as before
described, using one cross piece only, with one pump, breack, or leaver on
cach side of the axle, with the handle across the ends of the breack or leaver.
I likewise work one pump with the cog wheels in the same manner as before
described, with a half beam or balance, and one pump, breack, or leaver, and
fixed in the ears of the pump or on one stanshion or other proper support. In
certain cases pumps of large calibre, and to work the wheels dry I fix the half
or quarter circular cog wheels near the ends of each axle, perpendicular, the
one over the other, with the beam or balance fixed across the upper axle, in
the centre between the pumps, with the cross pieces and levers fixed on the
lower axle, and likewise with the hand wheels placed perpendicular above the
beam or balance wheels, with the beam or balance fixed across the lower axle
in the centre between the pumps, and the cross piece and leavers are fixed on
the upper axle, and in other respects they work as before described. I also
work pumps with four chambers, with the cog wheels fixed as before described,
with two beams or balances fixed across the axles in the centre between each
pump, extending from the centre of their respective pumps to the centre of
the other; in other respects they work as before described. I likewise work
the above pumps, including the whole, with the cog wheels fixed as above,

page_text: with the hand cog wheel smaller, and fixed on the axles as above described,
one above another, and to hear half round, more or less, with handles in the
form of winch handles fixed on the axle of the hand wheel, and works in a back
and forward direction, and gives motion to the beam or balance that raises the
boxes and delivers the water. The beam or balance wheel has three cogs,.
more or less, and the hand wheel four cogs, more or less, strengthened with
a collar on the sides of the cogs, or without a collar.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Landells, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord

page_text: Fig. 6. A, the beam or balance cog wheel fixed on the upper axle; B, the
hand cog wheel on the lower axle; C, the beam or balance axle; D, the hand-
wheel axle; E, the stanshions that the axles work in; F, the beam or balance
that the spears are made fast to; G, G, the spears that are fastned to the
boxes.
Fig. 7. A, the beam or balance cog wheel fixed on the lower axle; B, the
hand cog wheel fixed on the upper axle; C, the half beam or balance axle ;
D, the hand-wheel axle; E, the stantions that the axles work in; F, the half
beam or balance that the spear is fastned to; G, the spear that is fastned to
the pump box.
JAMES LANDELS. (L.s.)
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Fifteenth day of October,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid James Landels came before our
Lord in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and all
and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And also the
Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute in