IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING AND DOUBLING YARNS OR THREADS OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Reuben Bottomley, of Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR TWISTING AND DOUBLING YARNS OR THREADS OF COTTON
AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 16th June 1863, and dated the 31st December 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Reuben Bottomley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st December 1862.
I, REUBEN BOTTOMLEY, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING AND DOUBLING YARNS OR THREADS OF
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention refers to machines for the above-named purpose known as
"twisters" or "twiners," and relates, firstly, to a new combination and arrange-
ment of the apparatus carried by the "slide" or carriage which moves to and
from the spindles.
In the common arrangement of the parts carried by the "slide" or
"carriage" the threads from the "creel" pass through guide eyes, then over
a cushion or "list board," then through eyes (which are sometimes placed
at the bottom of a trough containing water, so that the threads pass through
the water), then over a rail termed the "plummet rail," then through pinching
or holding apparatus for holding the threads when "winding on," and, lastly, on
to the spindles.

page_text: Now my Invention consists in placing the mechanism for pinching or
holding the threads next to the first guide eyes for the threads, then the
cushion or list board, then the eyes or water trough, then another cushion or
"list board," and lastly the plummet rail. Thus it will be seen that the position
of the plummet rail and pinching or holding apparatus is reversed, and by this
means I obtain the drag of the cushions or list boards, guide eyes, and
plummets, in combination with that of the pinching or holding apparatus for
holding the threads when winding on.
Secondly, my Invention relates to an improved construction of apparatus
to act in place of the ordinary plummet rail, which consists in a trough of zinc,
brass, or any other suitable material, having notches formed in its sides for the
passage of the threads and cross wires at intervals, for keeping the plummets
and the list at the bottom of the trough in their places.
Thirdly, my Invention relates to a simplified arrangement for locking and
unlocking the pinching and holding apparatus, and is particularly applicable to
pinching mechanism constructed and acting upon the principle of that described
in the Specification of a Patent granted to myself and others, numbered 1401,
and dated the Twenty-fourth day of June, in the year of Our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and fifty-four, and this part of my Invention consists in locking
the pinching apparatus by the action of a cam on the "cam shaft" of such
twiners or twisters as have such a shaft, making sudden movements for
effecting the required changes in the working mechanism. The said
cam acts through a lever, or levers so as to move and close the pinching
apparatus till the latch catches hold. This latch is released by coming
in contact with an incline or stud fixed on the framing when the winding
on is completed and the pinching apparatus is opened again by weights
or springs; or both, the movements for opening and closing the pinching
apparatus may be performed by cams on the cam shaft.
Fourthly, my Invention relates to an improved combination and arrange-
ment of the mechanism of self-acting twiners or twisters, and it consists in
combining the expanding pulley known as "Potter's winding-on motion" with
that arrangement for driving the tin drums of self-acting twiners or twisters
directly as shewn and described in the Specification of the before-mentioned
Patent granted to myself and others, and numbered 1401, and dated the
Twenty-fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-four.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Reuben Bottomley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th June 1863:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, REUBEN
BOTTOMLEY, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Reuben Bottomley, Her special license that I, the said Reuben Bottomley, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Reuben
Bottomley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR TWISTING AND DOUBLING YARNS OR THREADS OF COTTON AND
OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others that I,
the said Reuben Bottomley, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Reuben Bottomley, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
My Invention refers to machines for the purpose above-named which are
known as "twisters" or "twiners," and relates, firstly, to a new combination
and arrangement of the apparatus carried by the "slide" or "carriage" which
moves to and from the spindles.
In the common arrangement of the parts carried by the "slide" or
"carriage" the threads from the creel pass through guide eyes, then over
a cushion or "list, board," then through hooks (which are sometimes
arranged at the bottom of a trough containing water, so that the threads pass
through the water), then over a rail termed the "plummet rail," then through

page_text: pinching or holding apparatus for holding the threads when "winding on,"
and lastly on to the spindles.
Now my Invention consists in placing the mechanism for pinching or
holding the threads next to the first guide eyes for the threads, then the
cushion or "list board," then the hooks or water trough, then another cushion
or list board, and lastly the plummet rail. Thus it will be seen that the
position of the plummet rail and pinching or holding apparatus is reversed,
and by this means I obtain the drag of the cushions or list boards, guide eyes,
and plummets, in combination with that of the pinching or holding apparatus
for holding the threads when "winding on."
This part of my Invention is illustrated by Fig. 1 of the Drawings
which is a cross section through so much of the "slide" and spindle rails
of a "twiner" or twister as will be necessary for the purpose of explaining
this part of my Invention.
a, the spindles; b the "slide" or carriage; c, the creels for the cops
carried by the slide (b); d, the first guide eyes; e, the pinching or holding
apparatus, which are similar in principle to those described in the Specification
of the Patent granted to myself and others numbered 1401, and dated the
Twenty-fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-four, but I do not confine this part of my Invention to the
use of that class of holders; f, is a "list board; f¹, glass rod; 9, glass hooks in
trough g¹; h¹, another glass rod; h, another list board; i, plummet trough or
rail. I do not limit this part of my Invention to the number and position
of the list boards shewn (though I prefer that arrangement) so long
as the plummet rail i is between the pinching apparatus (e), and the
spindles a.
Secondly, my Invention relates to an improved construction of apparatus
to act in place of the ordinary "plummet rail," which apparatus consists of
a trough of zinc, brass, or any other suitable material, having notches formed in
its sides for the passage of the threads and cross wires at intervals for keeping
the plummets and the "list" at the bottom of the trough in their places.
Fig. 2 is a cross section, and Fig. 3 is a side view of this trough, which is
marked, being the cross wires to tie the sides together, and keep the
plummets and list is in their places.
Thirdly, my Invention relates to a simplified arrangement for locking the
pinching and holding apparatus, and is particularly applicable to pinching
mechanism constructed and acting upon the principle of that described in the
Specification of a Patent herein-before mentioned, granted to myself and
others, No 1401, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred aud

page_text: fifty-four, and this part of my Invention consists in locking the pinching
apparatus by the action of a cam on the cam shaft of such twiners or
twisters as have a "cam shaft," making sudden movements for effecting the
required changes in the working of the mechanism. The said cam acts through
a lever or levers, so as to move and close the pinching apparatus till the latch
catches hold. This latch is released by coming in contact with an incline or
stud fixed on the framing when the winding on is completed, and the pinching
apparatus is opened again by weights or springs. Fig. 4 is a plan view of
so much of the slide or carriage as will be necessary for explaining this part
of my improvements.
a is a bar made to slide in bearings (a¹) from the framing of the carriage b;
this bar is connected with the sliding part (e) of the pinching apparatus.
In this bar a stud a³ is fixed, on which a latch a³ is hinged, which
rests upon a stud a fixed in a part of the framing upon which stud
the latch can catch when the sliding bar (a) is moved to a sufficient
extent to enable the hook part to pass off over the edge of the stud a*. A
spring c is fixed between the studs a³ and a', the action of which will cause
the bar a to slide back after the latch a³ is released from the stud (a) till the
stop a comes against the bearing a', in which position the pinching apparatus
is open.
There is a second stud d in the sliding bar a upon which a bowl d¹ is
placed, and it is against this bowl that the end of the lever d² acts, which
receives its movement from a cam d³ on the cam shaft d. This lever has
its fulcrum on a bracket on the framing, and is placed in such a position that
the bowl (d) will just come opposite to it when the carriage has arrived at its
greatest distance from the spindles. Fig. 5 will shew the position of the
lever d², and cam shaft d', in relation to the bowl when about to act upon it,
but the exact arrangement and position of the parts will depend upon the
peculiar construction and arrangement of the mechanism to which my improve-
ments are applied.
In Fig. 4 and 5 the pinching apparatus is closed by a movement in one
direction, so that the movement is a "thrust " on one side and a "pull" on the
other side, when the bar a is at the middle of the carriage, but the movement
may be made so as to pull at both sides, as shewn at Figure 6. When the
pinching or holding mechanism is placed upon the slide or carriage nearer the
spindles than shewn in Fig. 1, a short shaft d³ may be mounted in brackets
on the carriage (as shewn in Fig. 7). The latch a³ comes over the upper end
of a vertical rod f, which is free to slide vertically in bearings from the framing
of the carriage, and the lower end of this rod comes against an incline fixed

page_text: to the framing when the slide or carriage has arrived at its nearest point to
the spindles, and as the rod is lifted by the incline the latch a³ is released, and
thus the pinching or holding apparatus is unlocked.
I have now particularly described the nature of my Invention and the
manner of carrying the same into effect, and claim as my Invention,-
Firstly, the arrangement and combination of the parts carried by the "slide"
or carriage of twisters or twiners substantially in the manner herein-before
described.
Secondly, the use of troughs for the plummets in "twiners" or "twisters"
constructed substantially in the manner herein-before described.
Thirdly, the giving of the movement to lock or pinch the threads in self-
acting twiners or twisters by a cam on the "cam shaft," of machines worked
by a "cam shaft" as herein-before explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Reuben Bottomley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
REUBEN BOTTOMLEY. (L.S.)