CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF GUTTA PERCHA, AND IN THE APPLICATION THEREOF, ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER MATERIALS, TO MANUFACTURING PURPOSES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1847

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
HANCOCK, of Grosvenor Place, Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
+
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Tenth day of February,
One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven, in the tenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Charles Hancock, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Charles
Hancock, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Charles Hancock, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, and in the Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, and Man,
and also in all Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF GUTTA PERCHA, AND
IN THE APPLICATION THEREOF, ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER MATERIALS, TO
MANUFACTURING PURPOSES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER
SUBSTANCES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said
Charles Hancock, should cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the sanic is to be performed, by an instrument

page_text: in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months. next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Hancock, hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner it is to be performed, are fully described in and by the present
Specification thereof, reférence being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say -
The improvements constituting the said Invention have relation, firstly, to
the methods and machinery employed for preparing gutta percha for manu-
facturing purposes. In the Specifications of former Letters Patent granted to
me touching the preparation and application of the said substance, I have
directed that for the purpose of cleansing crude gutta percha from the
impurities which it contains, in the state in which it is ordinarily imported
into this country, it should be first reduced into small pieces by means of saws,
knives, choppers, and other suitable instruments; and I have also thercin
observed that the cutting of lumps of gutta percha will be very much facilitated
by first steeping them in hot water until they are softened. Now, I have since
found that, by the employment of a machine of the description represented in
Figures 1 and 2 of the annexed Drawings, the crude gutta percha may be cut
with the utmost facility into very thin slices, without any previous steeping in
hot water, and that the washing, purifying, and softening of the material are
best effected by passing it after it has been cut into slices through the
machinery represented in Figure 3 of the said Drawings. The said machine
and machinery are constructed and worked as follows:-
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the slicing machine; and Fig. 2 a front
elevation of it; and Figure 2ª a sectional elevation of it on the line a, b, of
Fig. 2. A, A, represents the framework; B is a circular iron plate, of about
five feet diameter, into three slots, in which are inserted three radial knives, in
a similar manner to the irons of an ordinary plane or spoke shave. B² is a
shaft, to the end of which the plate B is attached, and by means of which it is
made to revolve at any desired velocity, motion being communicated to the
shaft from a steam engine or any other convenient first mover through the
medium of gearing or drums. D is an inclined shoot, down which the lumps
of crude gutta percha are dropped against the knives of the revolving plate B,
by which they are cut into slices of a thickness corresponding to the degree of
projection given to the knives. The slices are afterwards collected and put
into a vessel filled with hot water, where they are left to soak till they feel soft

page_text: and pliable to the touch. Instead of using a circular revolving cutter, such as
has been just described, a vertical cutter with rising and falling motion
may be
used, and the other parts of the machine be modified accordingly; but I prefer
the former, as being more simple and equally efficient. The knives are repre-
sented in the Drawings as being straight, but where the gutta percha to be cut
happens to be of a more than usually hard or intractable quality I find it
advantageous to substitute knives of a curved or reaping-hook form, on account
of their more gradual mode of action. Figure 3 is a longitudinal elevation in
section of the machinery through which the gutta percha is passed after having
been steeped as aforesaid in the hot water vessel till it has become soft and
pliable to the touch. T is a large tank, which is divided into three com-
partments t', t, t, of which t¹ and t are filled with water to the height of the
line x, y, and with water to the height of the line x, . F; F, F, are three
breakers or rollers, with serrated blades inserted in them in a direction parallel
to their length, which are mounted transversely over the tank T, and revolve
clear of the water. In front of each of these breakers there is a pair of fluted
feeding rollers G¹, G, G. H¹ is a funnel-shaped shoot, through which the
softened pieces of gutta percha, after being taken from the hot water vessel, are
passed to the feeding rollers (G¹) of the first breaker F¹. He is an inclined
endless web, which revolves on two rollers a, a, and dips at its lower end into
the water, while at its upper end it. comes opposite the space between the
feeding rollers of the breaker F. H³ is a second inclined endless web, which
bears the same relation to the third breaker Fs as H2 to F. K is a mincing
cylinder with radial blades (similar to that used in paper mills for the con-
version of rags into pulp), which is mounted transversely over the third
compartment 3 of the tank, but at a lower elevation than the breakers
F, F, F, so that one-half of it shall always be immersed in the water in that
compartment. L, L, are edge plates, so fixed that the blades of the cylinder
K shall in revolving come into such close parallelism with them as to produce
by their approximate conjunction a scissor-like sort of action on any matters
which may come in contact with them. The mincing cylinder K has, like the
breakers F, F, F, an endless web (H), and a pair of feeding rollers G+
attached to it. M is a rotary agitator, which is wholly immersed in the water
of the compartment . N is a revolving endless web, which stretches in an
inclined direction athwart the whole depth of the water in t³, and subdivides (as
it were) the compartment 3 into two divisions. R, R, R, R, are a series of
pairs of rollers, inounted transversely over the after part of the compartment (³
at such an elevation that the under rollers revolve under tho water and the
upper just free of it. S, S, are a series of tables or benches placed between the

page_text: pairs of rollers for the purpose of supporting the gutta percha in its passage
from one to the other. The action of this machinery so far as it has been thus
described is as follows:-The feeding rollers G1, G2, G3, G4, the carrying rollers
of the endless webs H, H³, and H, and the rollers R, R, are all made to
revolve in a forward direction, or from left to right of the machine, as repre-
sented in the Drawing, Figure 3, while the breakers F, F, F, the mincing
cylinder K, and agitator M, are made to revolve in the opposite direction.
(The mechanical contrivances by which those movements are effected are
omitted. from the Drawing as being all of a common and well understood
description.) The breakers and mincing cylinder should revolve at the rate of
from six hundred to eight hundred revolutions a minute, but the feeding rollers
and endless webs need not move faster than at about a sixth of that rate. The
first series of rollers R, R, should revolve at the rate of from fifteen to twenty
revolutions per minute, and the others may be made to exert a drawing or
stretching effect on the materials passed between them, by causing one, two,
or more of the last pairs in the series to revolve at a greater velocity than the
preceding ones. As the crude gutta percha is presented by the feeding rollers
G' to the action of the first breaker F, it is broken up into shreds or frag-
ments, and considerable quantities of earthy and other extraneous matters are
beaten out of and disengaged from it, the whole falling in a mingled mass into
the water beneath (that namely which is contained in the compartment t¹ of
the tank), where the different materials assort themselves according to their
specific gravities. Such pieces as consist of pure gutta percha, or in which
gutta percha predominates, float on the surface of the water, while most of the
earthy and other extraneous matters sink to the bottom. The revolving endless
web He then draws towards it the floating gutta percha, and carries it upwards
to the second set of feeding rollers G; mounted over the second compartment
of the tank, from which rollers it is delivered to the second breaker F, to
undergo a repetition of the process which has been just described, in order to
its being further disentangled and purified. From the surface of the water in the
compartment t, the gutta percha is carried up the inclined endless web H³ to
the rollers G³, which deliver it to the third breaker F3, over the compartment t³, by
which it is a third time broken up, in order to any remaining impurities being
separated from it. The inclined endless web H next carries it forward to the
rollers G, which present it to the revolving cylinder K, by the blades of which
it is cut or minced into a multitude of very thin slivers, which, as they fall into
the water in t, are thrown forward in the direction of the agitator M. As
this agitator revolves in a direction opposite to that in which the floating mass
of gutta percha is moving, it forces the gutta percha down into the water, and

page_text: to take a circuitous course through it towards the large endless web N,
whereby it is washed free from any dirt which may have collected upon it in
passing through the preceding operations. By the endless web N the gutta
percha is next moved onwards to the series of rollers R, R, R, R, and from the
last pair of the series the gutta percha is raised by an endless revolving web O
to a pair of metal pressing and finishing rollers Y', Y, which are set by adjust-
ing screws to a distance from one another, equal to the thickness of the sheet
or band into which it is now desired that the gutta percha should be com-
pressed. After passing through between Y¹, Y, the sheet or band is carried
back over the topmast of these rollers (Y), and then over the wooden drum
U, to be wound on a taking-up roller V. As it is turning back over the
roller Y, a sheet of cloth or any other material suitable for joining with it
may be led in, as shewn at W, and by being pressed in conjunction with it
between Y and the drum U it will bo firinly united to it. The water in all
the compartments of the tank T should be used cold. When the crude gutta
percha happens to have a fœted smell, as is not unfrequently the case I mix
with the water a solution of common soda.or of chloride of lime, as directed
in the Specification of former Letters Patent granted to me, of date the Ninth
of November, One thousand eight hundred and forty-six. The whole of the
improved machinery described under this head of my Specification will be
found also applicable to the cleansing, purifying, and otherwise preparing of
bottle caoutchouc and of jintawan in its crude state.
Secondly, my Invention consists in certain improvements or processes pre-
viously patented by me for sulphuretting of gutta percha (since called metallo-
thionising), and in the application of these improvements to the sulphuretting
of caoutchouc and jintawan. In the Specification last herein-before cited I
have recommended that the sulphuretting of the gutta percha should be
effected by means of sulphurets, such as orpiment or liver of sulphur, in pre-
ference to sulphur itself; and I have there stated that though a portion of
sulphur may be used in place of an equal portion of sulphuret, yet that I
considered the use of sulphur to be altogether objectionable, because of its
offensive smell and tendency to efflorescence. I have since, however, ascer-
tained, that if a very minute portion of sulphur be used along with a sulphuret,
a better result is obtained from a combination of the two than from either
substance alone. The proportions which I find best in practise are the follow-
ing: To every forty-eight parts of gutta percha I add six parts of sulphuret
of antimony or hydrosulphate of lime, or some other analogous sulphuret, and
one part of sulphur. When the mixture of these materials has been effected;
I place the compound in a boiler and raise it (under pressure) to a tempera-

page_text: ture of from two hundred and sixty degrees to three hundred degrees
Fahrenheit, in which state I leave it for a period varying from half an hour to
two hours, according to the thickness of the materials, by which time it
becomes completely sulphuretted, or, in other words, metallo-thionised. I
apply precisely the same combination of materials as has been just described
to the sulphuretting of caoutchouc and jintawan, and also in the same way.
As caoutchouc is now ordinarily sulphurised, not less than one part in weight
of sulphur is required for every six or eight parts of caoutchouc; but by sub-
stituting a sulpburet to the extent herein-before directed, the quantity of
sulphur may be reduced to less than a fiftieth part, and a much better article
be produced. I am well aware that the process of subjecting caoutchouc
combined with sulphur alone to a high degree of heat, and various modifica-
tions thereof have been before used and made known, first in America and
subsequently in this country, but the improved process which I have herein
specified and lay claim to, differs essentially from all these, in the coautchouc
being combined with a sulphuret, and only an exceedingly small proportion of
sulphur, and then subjected to heat.
Thirdly, my Invention consists in certain improved modes or means of
effecting the combination of sulphur and sulphurets with gutta percha, and
also with caoutchouc and jintawan. In the Specification last herein-before
cited of former Letters Patent granted to me, I,directed that such combination
should be effected while the gutta percha or caoutchouc or jintawan were
passing through the masticating machine, but I now find that it may be more
readily and equally well accomplished in one or other of the four, following
modes:-First, I expose the gutta percha or caoutchouc or jintawan, after it
has been cleansed and purified, and reduced to a sheet state to the combined
action of steam of a high temperature, and the vapors of orpiment (or other'
volatile sulphuret) and sulphur (mixed in the proportions last hercin-before
specified), in an apparatus of the description represented in Figure 4 of the
Drawings annexed. A is a strong metallic chamber set in the brickwork
B, B, into which the materials to be sulphuretted are placed. C is a steam-
tight cover or door, which is secured to the top by screw bolts, so that it may
be unscrewed and removed as occasion may require. D is a common high-
pressure steam boiler. E is a strong metal pot, into which the orpiment or
other sulphuret and sulphur are placed. d, a lid or cover through which
the materials are introduced; and E, a fire-place by which the pot is heated.
F is a pipe leading from the boiler into the head of the pot E; and a, a cock
by which it is opened and closed. G is a pipe leading from the top of the pot.
E to the chamber A; and b, a cock by which it is opened and closed. H is a

page_text: safety valve attached to the boiler; and K, a safety valve attached to the
chamber A. I is a thermometer to indicate the temperature. The mode
of operating with the apparatus is as follows:-The boiler furnace is first
lighted, and when the safety valve indicates the approach to a temperature
of two hundred and eighty degrees Fahrenheit, the other furnace is
lighted, which is to volatilize the orpiment and sulphur. The cocks a and
6 are then opened, and the steam allowed to pass off through the pipes F
and G, and head of the pot E, into the chamber A, containing the materials,
in order that they may be thoroughly heated before being sulphuretted.
After a short time fumes from the orpiment and sulphur begin to ascend
and mingle with the steam. In this state I leave matters for a period
varying from half an hour to two hours, according to the thickness of the
materials operated upon. I then close, means of the cock b, the passage
leading to the chamber A, draw or damp the fires, raise the safety valve K,
and when the chamber has been cleared of vapours, remove the sulphuretted
materials. The safety valve H is kept all the time the sulphuretting process
is going on at a little higher pressure than the safety valve K, in order that
there may be a current in the direction of the chamber A. L is a cock by
which the condensed water which accumulates in the chamber A is drawn off.
.Or, secondly, I take the gutta percha, caoutchouc, or jintawan in a perfectly
dry state, and rub them over with the sulphuret and sulphur combined in the
proportions aforesaid, and reduced to the state of a very fine powder, after
which I place them in the chamber A of the apparatus last described, and
subject them for a period, varying as aforesaid, to the action of steam of about
two hundred and eighty degrees temperature, without making any use of the
volatalizing furnace; or instead of steaming them, I place them for the like
space in water, heated under pressure to about two hundred and eighty degrees.
Or, thirdly, I take the materials after they have been dry rubbed, as last
directed, and pass them through the whole of the first of the said processes;
that is to say, I expose them both to steam of a high temperature, and to the
vapours of volatilized orpiment and sulphur. Or, fourthly, I make a paste of
the sulphuret and sulphur, with the addition of a small quantity of gutta percha
or caoutchouc solution, brush it over the materials to be sulphuretted, and
then subject them to one or other of the three processes previously described.
I have said that the orpiment or other sulphuret used in these processes should
be mixed in the proportions herein-before specified, meaning thereby the new
proportions recommended under the second head. of this Specification as
preferable to any others, but it will be obvious that these processes may all be

page_text: followed with more or less advantage, whether these new proportions are
strictly adhered to or not.
Fourthly, my Invention consists in the following means or methods of im-
proving the quality of gutta percha both in a sulphuretted (metallo-thionised)
and unsulphuretted state, and in the application of the same to caoutchouc
and jintawan, in the like sulphuretted and unsulphuretted states. I either
expose for a minute or two the materials to the action of binoxide of nitrogen
gas, obtained by the usual method of dissolving a metal, such as zinc, copper,
or mercury in nitric acid, or I immerse it in a boiling and concentrated solu-
tion of chloride of zinc, for a period varying from one to five minutes, accord-
ing to the strength of the solution; and in either case I afterwards wash the
materials well in some alkaline solution or in soft water. The materials may
have the binoxide of nitrogen gas applied to them, either by putting them into
the acid while the metal is in the course of being dissolved and the gas
evolved, or by introducing them into a chamber in which the gas has been
collected for the purpose. Gutta percha which has been thus treated, and
whether sulphuretted or unsulphuretted, becomes exceedingly smooth to the
touch, and of a lustre approaching to metallic; so also does common un-
sulphuretted caoutchouc, with the addition of being entirely freed from that
stickiness peculiar to it; while sulphuretted caoutchouc acquires under such
treatment all the downy softness of velvet.
Fifthly, my Invention consists in the application of the means or methods
last herein-before specified to the improvement of the quality of the ordinary
sulphurized caoutchouc, or that which is commonly known by the name of
"vulcanized caoutchouc." By subjecting it in manner aforesaid to the action
of binoxide of nitrogen gas, or immersing it in chloride of zinc and then
washing it well, it loses entirely, or nearly so, the strong smell of sulphur,
which makes the use of it at present so objectionable.
Sixthly, my Invention consists in producing a new compound of gutta
percha suitable for several useful purposes, by mixing in a masticating
machine six parts of gutta percha with one of the chloride of zinc, before
mentioned, and in forming new compounds of caoutchouc and jintawan by
a like proportional combination. All of these compounds admit of being
afterwards sulphuretted (metallo-thionized), or sulphuretted in the ordinary
way.
Seventhly, my Invention consists of an improved combination of materials
for producing a porous or spongy gutta percha, fit for stuffing or forming the
seats of chairs, cushions, mattrasses, saddles; horse collars, railway carriage

page_text: buffers, and other like articles, similar to that described in my last herein-
before cited Specification; and the application of the said improved combi-
nation of materials to the rendering of caoutchouc and jintawan similarly
porous or spongy. I take forty-eight parts of gutta percha or caoutchouc
or jintawan (moistened, when a very soft and light product is desired, with oil
of turpentine or naptha, or bisulphuret of carbon, or other proper solvent), six
parts of hydrosulphuret of lime or sulphuret of antimony, or any other analo-
gous sulphuret; ten parts of carbonate of ammonia or carbonate of lime, or
other substance that is either volatile or capable of yielding a volatile product,
and one part of sulphur; I mix the whole of these inaterials together in a
masticator, and then subject them to a high degree of heat, observing the
same conditions in respect thereof which are set forth in the Specification
last herein-before cited, except only that the heat may be pushed with advan-
tage several degrees higher, say, to from two hundred and sixty degrees to
three hundred degrees.
Eighthly, my Invention consists in the application of the various means and
methods of improving the quality of gutta percha, described under the third
and fourth heads of this Specification, to the improvement of the quality of
articles manufactured of ordinary gutta percha after they have been so manu-
factured, and in the application also of the same means and methods to the
improvement of manufactured articles of caoutchouc or jintawan, or of any
compound or article of which gutta percha, caoutchouc, or jintawan may form
a part. Among the gutta percha and caoutchouc articles which may be most
improved in quality and appearance by these processes (whether applied to
the material before it is made up or afterwards) are those waterproof fabrics
known in commerce by the name of double and single textures," boots,
shoes, galoshes, gaiters, braces, belts, bands, bandages, trowser and other
straps; capes, cushions, life preservers, (flexible) bottles, bags, tubes, hose,
flasks, cases, sheaths, holsters, cartruch boxes, knapsacks, caps, helmets, hats,
cups, bowls, and other vessels of capacity; hammer cloths, gig aprons, printers'
blanketting, covers for rollers employed in pressing and finishing soft goods,
cotton spinning rollers, backs of cards for carding wool, backs of brushes,
washers, flute key stops, piano hammers, bottle stoppers, capsules, cord, thread,
string, rings, paper holders, springs, trusses, &c. &c.
Ninthly, my Invention consists in producing, by the combination of gutta
percha, caoutchouc, aud jintawan with other materials, a fabric of a permanent
lustre, resembling that of japanned goods, and in giving the like lustro to
articles made of any of those materials in a sulphuretted or metallo-thionised

page_text: .state. I take the gutta percha, caoutchouc, or jintawan, after it has been sul-
phuretted or metallo-thionised by any of the processes before described, or by
any other known process, and thereby enabled to bear a high degree of heat,
and either before or after it has been made up into an article of use, and brush
it over with a solution of resin in boiling oil; I then place the article for from
two to five hours in a chamber heated to from 75° to 100° Fahrenheit, and
afterwards polish it by the means and in the manner usually adopted by
japanners. In some instances I mix coloring matters with the japanning
materials, which I apply by blocks, cylinders, or rollers, in the usual way of
floor-cloth printing.
Tenthly and lastly, my Invention consists of an improved machine or appa-
ratus for cutting gutta percha into strips or ribbands, and manufacturing it into
thread or cord of any required shape. A front elevation of as much of this
machine as is necessary to an understanding of its construction is given in
Figure 5. C, C, are two grooved rollers, made of steel or iron, which are
mounted in a suitable framework. The grooves of each roller are semicircular,
so that when the grooves of one roller are brought opposite to those of the
other, they form together a series of circular holes. The projecting divisions
between the grooves are made with knife edges, so as to divide readily any
sheet or mass of gutta percha which may be presented to them. The under
roller is flanged at both ends, and the two ends of the upper roller are made
to fit inside of these flanges, in order to keep the cutting edges from shifting
or being damaged. To cut thin sheets of gutta percha with this machine into
strips or ribbands, the material is passed through it cold, and the cutting edges
only brought into operation. To make round thread or cord by means of it,
either a sheet of gutta percha, of a thickness equal to the diameter of the
holes of the machine, is passed through it at a temperature of about 200°
Fahrenheit (by supplying the material from a feeding chamber heated to that
degree by steam or otherwise), and the threads or cords, after coming from the
imachine, are received in a tank of cold water, from which they are led away
to and wound on reels or drums conveniently placed for the purpose; or the
gutta percha is employed in a plastic state, and passed towards the machine
under a gunge, after the manner commonly followed in the caoutchouc and
gutta percha manufactures. Should it be desired to produce cord of a half
round or semicircular form, I take away the under roller and substitute for it
a plain roller, as shewn in Figure 6; or should cord of a form neither circular
or semicircular, but square, triangular, hexagonal, or of any other angular form
be required, I dismount both cylinders, and substitute two others, grooved in

page_text: such manner as to produce the desired figure. An exemplification of such
substitution is given in Figure 7, which shews two rollers adapted to the
forming of gutta percha into cord of a square form.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that the improvements which I
claim as comprised in the said Invention are as follows:-
First, l'claim the preparation of gutta percha for manufacturing purposes
by means of the machines or machinery represented in Figures 1, 2, 2ª, and 3,
of the Drawings annexed and herein-before described, that is to say, in so far
as regards the peculiar adaptation and order of sequence of the parts of the said
machinery and general arrangement and combination thereof, but without laying
claim to any of the parts of which the said machine or machinery consists, singly
and separately considered.
Second, I claim the new combination of materials for sulphuretting or
metallo-thionising gutta percha, specified under the second head of this
Specification.
Third, I claim the several new methods of combining sulphur and sulphurets
with gutta percha, described under the third head of this Specification, and the
apparatus represented in Figure 4 of the annexed Drawings, in so far as it
forms an adjunct to such methods.
· Fourth, I claim the employment of binoxide of nitrogen and chloride of
zinc for the purpose of improving the quality of gutta percha, as before
described.
Fifth, I claim the application of binoxide of nitrogen and chloride of zinc to
the improvement of the ordinary sulphurised or vulcanized caoutchouc, as
before described.
Sixth, I claim the new compounds of gutta percha, caoutchouc, and jintawan,
specified under the sixth head of this Specification.
.
Seventh, I claim the improved combination of materials for producing porous '
or spongy gutta percha, caoutchouc, and jintawan, described under the seventlı
head of this Specification.
Eighth, I claim the application of the various processes described under the
third and fourth heads of this Specification to the improvement of articles of
gutta percha in a manufactured state after they have been so manufactured, as
before exemplified.
Ninth, I claim the mode of giving to sulphuretted or metallo-thionised gutta
percha a japan-like lustre, as before described, whether applied before or after
the making up of the same into articles of use.

page_text: Tenth, I claim the improved machine or apparatus for cutting gutta percha
into strips or ribbands, and manufacturing it into thread and cord, before
described.
And, eleventh, I claim the application of the whole of the said improvements
to caoutchouc and jintawan (in so far as such application has not been already
claimed) to the extent before pointed out and explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Hancock, have hereunto set iny
hand and seal, this Tenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.
CHARLES (L.S.) HANCOCK.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that the instrument aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-fifth year of the reign of
His late Majesty King George the Third.