IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL PROM A CERTAIN NUT FROM WHICH OIL HAS NOT BEEN BEFORE MANUFACTURED, AND PRODUCING A VEGETABLE SUBSTANCE, AND THE APPLICATION THEREOF TO THE PURPOSE OF AFFORDING LIGHT AND OTHER USES
Year: 1847

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
BROWNE WILKS, of Chesterfield Park, in the County of Essex, Esquire, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Third day of July,
One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven, in the eleventh year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Joseph Browne Wilks, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial licence,
full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Joseph Browne
Wilks, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph
Browne Wilks, my exors, adiñors, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL PROM A CERTAIN NUT FROM
WHICH OIL HAS NOT BEEN BEFORE MANUFACTURED, AND PRODUCING A VEGETABLE
SUBSTANCE, AND THE APPLICATION THEREOF TO THE PURPOSE OF AFFORDING LIGHT AND
OTHER USES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I,
the said Joseph Browne Wilks, shall cause a particular description of the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,

page_text: by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be enrolled in Her
said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that, in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph Browne Wilks, do hereby declare that the nature of my Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of subjecting that description of nuts called Brazil
nuts to the process of grinding or crushing, and then to pressure between
surfaces of woven fabrics so as to obtain oil therefrom, and then to separate
the vegetable product called stearine from such oil. And in order that my
Invention may be most fully understood and readily carried into effect, I will
proceed to describe the means pursued by me. I first grind or crush the
Brazil nut so as to break the shells in such manner as to allow of their being
separated, which I do by sifting them in a sifting tackle with upper and
lower sieves, after the same manner in which ground linseed cake is now
sifted. The upper screen contains six wires to the inch, and the lower screen
twelve wires to the inch. And I prefer for the process of grinding or crushing
to use the ordinary edge stones, such as are employed for grinding linseed.
And having sifted the products of the kernel from the shell, I subject the same
to the pressure in layers between woven fabrics or in bags, in the same manner
as fatty matters are now pressed, preferring for such purposes to use bydraulic
presses heated by steam, as is well understood when pressing other matters.
By these means I obtain very considerable quantities of oil, and by bagging
such oil I separate the vegetable stearine therefrom, which I press as other
stearines are pressed, and such stearine is a vegetable substance suitable for
making candles, and for other uses in like manner to other stearines. It will
therefore be seen that two products are obtained, oil and stearine, and if the
stearine is wished to be made harder it may be distilled, and afterwards sepa-
rated by pressure as before stated. The oil will be found applicable to the
lubricating of machinery as well as for other purposes. The stearine may be
applied for making candles and other uses to which other stearine is ordi-
narily applied, and the remaining products are suitable for feeding cattle and
manuring land.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the details as herein described; but what I claim is the sub-

page_text: jecting Brazil nuts to processes of grinding or crushing, and of pressure
between surfaces of woven fabric, so as to obtain oil and also stearine.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Browne Wilks, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.