Improvements in Buffer, and other. Springs, Constructed with India Rubber.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Oct.,, 1894
Complete Specification Left; 8th July, 1895 Accepted; 10th Aug...
1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.J.
Improvements in Buffer, and other. Springs, Constructed with
India Rubber.
We, ALFRED GEORGE SPENCER and ALEXANDER SPENCER, both of 77 Cannon
Street, in the City of London, Engineers, do, hereby, declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows
I
This invention relates to india' rubber springs of the kind in which the stroke
is limited by metal cup rings or plates or nozzles moulded into the rubber forming
the spring.
In the Specification of a former Patent No. 3906 of 1886 granted to one of us,
painely the said Alfred George Spencer, there are described constructions of springs
wherein one supplementary spring or elastic part of india rubber was interposed
between two cup or nozzle plates; now the object of the present invention is to
afford' increased stroke between the said plates, without decrease of power such, as
would result if the single, interposed portion of rubber were made of increased
thickness, in which case the said portion of rubber would be liable to squeeze
outwardly to an excessive extent under pressure.
1
Now according to this invention, for the purpose above mentioned we provide
between a couple of cup rings or plates or nozzle plates, layers or cushions of rubber
divided or separated by one or more plates or rings adapted to support such inter-
vening layers or cushions. The plate or ring or plates or rings thus arranged
between the layers or cushions of rubber located between two cup rings or plates or
nozzle plates, or embedded in a block of india rubber arranged between the said
plates so.as practically to sub-divide the block into two or more layers or cushions,
may, be perforated or not, and be of smaller diameter or larger diameter than.or of
the same diameter as the said layers of rubber, according to requirement; and the
number of plates or rings, whether one or more, may be varied to suit circumstances.
The india rubber projections beyond the outer faces of the cup rings or plates.or
nozzle plates may be of any suitable form; convenient forms are hollow cylinders
and hollow truncated cones or conoids; or forms approximating thereto..
Improvements in Buffer and other Springs Constructed with
India, Rubber...
We, ALFRED GEORGE SPENCER and ALEXANDER SPENCER, both of 77 Cannon
Street, in the City of London, Engineers, do, hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to indin rubber springs of the kind in which the stroke

page_text: is limited by metal cup rings or plates or nozzles moulded into the rubber forming
the spring.
In the Specification of a former Patent No. 3906 of 1886 granted to one of us,
namely the said Alfred George Spencer, there are described constructions of springs
wherein one supplementary spring or elastic part of india rubber is interposed
between two cup or nozzle plates; now the object of the present invention is to
afford increased stroke between the said plates, without decrease of power such as
would result if the single interposed portion of rubber were made of increased
thickness, in which case the said portion, of rubber would be liable to squeeze
outwardly to an excessive extent under pressure.
Now according to this invention, for the purpose above mentioned we provide
between a couple of cup rings or plates or nozzle plates, layers or cushions of rubber
divided or separated by one or more plates or rings adapted to support such inter-
vening layers or cushions. The plate or ring or plates or rings thus arranged
between the layers or cushions of rubber located between two cup rings or plates
or nozzle plates, or embedded in a block of india rubber arranged between the said
plates so as practically to sub-divide the block into two or more layers or cushions,
may be perforated or not, and be of smaller diameter or larger diameter than
or of the same diameter as the said layers of rubber, according to requirement;
and the number of plates or rings,, whether one or more, may be varied to suit
circumstances. The india rubber projections beyond the outer faces of the cup
rings or plates or nozzle plates may be of any suitable form; convenient forms are
hollow cylinders and hollow truncated cones or conoids, or forms approximating
thereto.
In the accompanying illustrative drawings, several constructions according to
this invention are illustrated, in every case by a sectional view in the plane of the
·longitudinal axis of the spring, with, in all but one case, a half face view of
one of the metal cup plates or nezzlo plates, or combined cup plates and nozzle
plates, or equivalent part or parts used in the construction of the particular spring
represented in the corresponding longitudinal section..
In the construction represented by Figs. 1 and 2 the supplementary spring is
integral with the main elastic body, there being two cup plates a a', each formed,
not only with a central hole a, but also with holes a through which lätter
.the india rubber extends so as to form connecting portions between the main
elastic body or spring band the supplementary spring, which is shown divided
to a considerable extent into two layers or cushions e c', by means of the
intermediate flat plate d, which is formed with holes, d' corresponding to the
holes ain the oup plates a a', and is, as are also those plates, moulded into the india
rubber.
The construction represented in Figs. 3 and 4 resembles that just described
with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, except that the division of the supplementary
spring is into four layers or cushions c, c¹, c, c³, by means of three intermediate
perforated plates d, d³ d³.
1
Figs. 5 and 6 show a spring in which there are moulded into the india rubber
two cupped nozzle plates a a', made with holes a a³, and one intermediate
flat plate d, having corresponding holes, and whereby the supplementary spring
is practically divided (except where the holes d¹ occur) into two layers or
cushions c, o'
Figs. 7 and 8 show a modification resembling that illustrated by Figs. 5
and 6, but in which there are three intermediate perforated plates d, da, da,
whereby the supplementary spring is, in the main, divided into four layers or
cushions c, c, e², c³.
$
Fig. 9 shows a construction in which two cup plates a, a', like those in Figs. 1
and 2; a perforated nozzle plate e, and four perforated intermediate plates dd2 dª dª,
are so moulded into the india rubber that the supplementary spring is divided into
6 layers or cushions c, c¹, c³, c³, c³, ; a'; a; are holes in the nozzle plate e, in which

page_text: it is to be understood the number of holes and their position correspond to those in:
the cupped and intermediate plates.
"
In the construction illustrated by Figs. 10 and 11 there are moulded into the
indin rubber six rings; namely, two cup rings f, f, with a corresponding intermediate-
flat ring g, and three inner flat. rings h, h, and a complete annulus 6, of india.
rubber being located between the inner edges of the outer rings and the outer
edges of the inner rings.
Figs. 12 and 13 represent a modification differing from the construction shown
by Figs. 10 and 11 only in- the number of intermediate rings, there being two.cup.
rings, with two corresponding intermediate flat rings g, g', and four inner flat
rings h, h, and ; thus the supplementary spring is divided into three layers or
cushions c, c', c, connected to each other and to the main spring b by an annulus of
rubber 6.
In the construction illustrated by Figs. 14 and 15 there are moulded into.
the india rubber two cup rings f,, two intermediate flat rings g, g', two nozzle-
rings e, e', and two inner flat rings i, i, by which the supplementary spring is
practically divided (except where the annulus 6 occurs) into three layers or
cushions c, c', c².
In the construction illustrated in Figs. 16 and 17, two nozzle plates e, el perforated
at a¹ are moulded into the india rubber, the supplementary spring between said
nozzle plates being divided into two layers or cushions c, c', by an intermediate flat
plate d formed with holes d', which is also moulded into the india rubber.
Figs. 18 and 19 represent a modification in which two nozzle plates e, e¹, formed
with holes a, and two intermediate flat plates d, d², formed with holes d', are
moulded into the india rubber, whereby a supplementary spring practically divided
into three parts c, c', ' is obtained.
In the construction illustrated in Figs. 20 and 21, six rings are moulded into the
india rubber, namely, two nozzle rings e, e¹, two corresponding outer flat rings j, j',
an inner intermediate flat ring i, and an outer intermediate flat ring 9; an annulus b₁.
of rubber being located between the inner edges of the outer rings and the outer
edges of the inner nozzle and flat rings.
Figs. 22 and 23 illustrate a construction. in which four outer rings, only, are
moulded into the india rubber; namely, two cup rings ff, and two intermediate
flat rings g, g, whereby the supplementary spring is partially divided into three
layers c, c,, that are connected to the main spring b, which extends through the
rings. In this construction the interual diameter of the main spring is smaller and
the rings extend further into the body of the same than in the hereinbefore described
arrangements.
Although in each of the herein before described constructions in which perforated
plates are employed we have shown the perforations arranged opposite to, or in line
with, each other, we wish it to be understood that this arrangement is not essential,.
as the perforations of one or more plates, may, if desired, be arranged to come
opposite to non-perforated portions of, or out of line with the holes in, one or more
of the other plates.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The manufacture of springs of the kind referred to with supplementary springs
comprising layers or cushions of india rubber having metal plates or rings moulded
in between them as described for the purpose of affording without decrease of
power a greater extent of stroke than supplementary springs made as described in
the Specification of Patent No. 3906 of 1886.
2. The several improved constructions of springs hereinabove described with
reference to and illustrated respectively in Figs. 1 and 2, Figs. 3 and 4, Figs. 5.
and 6, Figs. 7 and 8, Fig. 9, Figs. 10 and 11, Figs. 12 and 13, Figs. 14 and 15,.

page_text: .
Figs. 16 and 17, Figs. 18 and 19, Figs. 20 and 21 and Figs. 22 and 23 of the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this Eighth day of July 1895.
1
ALEX, SPENCER...
For the Applicants, :