in Gas Producers, Apparatus and Appliances Connected therewith for the Manufacture of Water Gas and other Gases.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Apr:, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 24th May, 1889- Accepted, 13th July, 1889
Improvements
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
in Gas Producers, Apparatus and Appliances
Connected therewith for the Manufacture of Water Gas and
other Gases.
WILLIAM DEIGHTON of Spring Grove Hunslet Leeds in the County of York
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention are twofold namely.
First. Improvements in gasproducers for producingwater gas and other gases from
coal and other similar substances for heating, lighting and other purposes.
Second. Improvements in the construction of regenerators for heating or super-
heating air and steam which may be used in the producer, producing water gas and
other gases.
In constructing my improved producer I use a circular casing. of metalic plates,
but the casing may be of any other desired form or material, this casing is lined with
fire brick or other suitable refractory material to form the producer furnace. At the
lower end and at a suitable distance from the hearth or bottom of producer furnace the
said lining is gradually contracted or made narrower (that is to say the sectional area
of furnace is reduced) so that a space or chamber for collecting the gases is left
between the said contracted furnace walls and the outer casing.
One or more openings of any desired form (by preference rectangular and which
may be partially or wholly protected by water casings), are provided in the said con-
tracted part of furnace lining, through which the escaping water gas or other gases
may pass to the said chamber. From this chamber (which may be partially or wholly
filled with chequered fire brick or other arrangement of refractory material) the water
gas and other gases pass through pipes or other openings and convayed away for use
or further treatment.
Air for supporting combustion (heated by preference by being passed through the
air-pipes of improved regenerator and to be above atmospheric pressure) may enter
the said chamber and pass through the said openings into the furnace. The hearth of
furnace may be of water or otherwise. Suitable doors and covers being provided for
taking off the slag and refuse material. At a modification of the above, the lining of
producer furnace may not of necessity be contracted and the sectional area of furnace
made smaller, in which case, the openings in the lining or walls of furnace may be in
communication with an outside chamber for collecting the escaping water gases in
which case it would be preferable to admit the air for supporting combustion by a
communication at or near the centre of hearth.
In the upper part of producer there may be a metalic retort suspended from and
fixed to the roof or cover plate of producer and may be of any desired form, (by
preference in the form of an inverted cone) made hollow so that water may flow
through and may be used as a water heater steam generator or steam superheator, the
retort is provided with hopper at the top through which fuel is fed. In the upper part.
of the retort, an outlet pipe is fixed and carried to the outside of producer casing.
through this pipe the whole or part of the volitile constituents distiled from the coal
or other substances during the blowing period may pass to the condenser for further
treatment, or the gases may descend and pass the underside of retort to the annular
space between retort and lining of furnace and join the ascending gases and pass
through the channel leading from producer to the regenerator or where else required
Suitable valves are provided for regulating the inlet and outlet flow of steam, air
and gases to and from the producer.
The improved regenerator consists of an outer casing of metalic plates of any
desired form (by preference circular) lined with fire brick & partialy filled with

page_text: chequered fire bricks or other suitable forms of refractory material. Space being left
for an arrangement of air pipes placed vertically horizontally or in any other suitable
way the regenerator is provided with suitable openings and valves for the inlet of
gases from producer and with suitable outlet openings and valves for the gases from
regenerator to where required,also suitable openings andvalves for the inlet and outlet
of steam, and air, passing through regenerator to producer.
Dated this 16th day of April 1889.
WILLIAM DEIGHTON,
Applicant
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Producers, Apparatus and Appliances
Connected therewith for the Manufacture of Water Gas and
other Gases.
I WILLIAM DEIGHTON of Spring Grove Hunslet Leeds in the county of York
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
Improvements in gas producers apparatus and appliances connected therewith for
the manufacture of water gas and other gases.
The object of my invention are twofold namely.
First. In improvement in gas producers forproducing water gas and other gases from
coal and other simular substances for heating, lighting, illuminating, and other
purposes.
Second. In improvement in the construction of regenerators for heating or super-
heating air and steam which may be used in the producer, producing water gas and
other gases.
In constructing my improved producer I use a circular casing of metalic plates but
the casing may be of any other desired form or material. This casing is lined with
fire brick or other suitable refractory. material to form the producer furnace, at the
lower end and at a suitable distance from the hearth (or bottom) of producer furnace,
the said lining may be gradually contracted (or made narrower) that is to say the
sectional area of furnace is reduced)so that a space or chamber, forcollecting thegases
is left between the said contracted furnace walls or lining and the outer casing (and
the said chamber may be annular or only partially so. One or more openings of any
desired form (by preference rectangular) and which may be partially or wholly
protected by water casings) are provided in the said contracted part of furnace lining
through which the escaping water gas or other gases may pass to the said space or
chamber and from which chamber (which may be partially or wholly filled with
chequered fire bricks or other arrangement of refractory material) the water gas and
other gases passthrough pipes or other openings and conveyed awayfor use or further
treatment. Air for supporting combustion (heated by preference by being passed
through the air pipes of improved regenerator and above atmospheric pressure) may
enter the said chamber and pass through the said openings into the furnace. The
hearth of furnace may be of water or otherwise. Suitable openings doors, and covers,
may be provided for taking off the slag, clinker or other purposes.
As a modification of the above the lining of producer furnace may not of necessity
be contracted, in which case the opening or openings in the lining (as before named)
may be in communication with an outer chamber of any desired form for collecting
the escaping water gas and other gases, in which it may be preferable to admit the
air for supporting combustion by a communication at or near the centre of the hearth
which may be of water or otherwise. In the upper part of producer there may be a
metalic retort suspended from and fixed to the roof or cover of producer and may be
of any desired form (by preference in the form of an inverted cone) made hollow, so
that water may freely flow through the space, the casing of retort may be used as a
water heater steam generator or steam superheater. The retort may be formed of

page_text: metalic wrot plates or casting, or may be formed of coils of metalic pipes running
vertically or horizontally. The retort is provided with hopper at the top through
which the fuel is fed. In the upper part of the retorts an outlet pipe or pipes are
fixed and carried to the outside of producer casing. Through this pipe or pipes the
whole or part of the valatile constituents distiled from the coal or other like
substances during the blowing periods, may pass to the condenser and for further
treatment into water gas or as may be desired. The said pipe or pipes may be used for
the inlet of steam or air blast or other purposes or the distiled gases may descend and
pass the underside of retort to the annular space between the retort and lining of
furnace and join the ascending gases and pass through the channel leading from
producer furnace to the regenerator or wherelse required. Suitable valves are
provided for regulating the inlet and outlet flow of air, steam and gases to and from
the producer.
The improved regenerator consists of an outer casing of metalic plates or other
suitable substances and of any desired form, by preference circular, lined with fire
brick and partially filled with chequered fire brick or other suitable form of refractory
material, space being left for an arrangement of air pipes placed vertically or
horizontally or in any other suitable way. The regenerator is provided with suitable
openings and valves for the inlet of gases from producer and with suitable openings
and valves from regenerator to where required. Also suitable openings & valves
for the inlet and outlet of steam and air passing through regenerator to producer or
where else required.
The nature of my invention and the manner of working the same will be better
understood on reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation through centre line of producer.
Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of producer on line 1-2.
Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of regenerator.
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan of same on line 3-4.
Fig. 5 is one modification of lower part of producer.
Fig. 6 is another modification of same part with air inlet in the centre of furnace
hearth.
The same letters and numerals are used and refer to simular parts wherever they are
repeated.
a is the metalic shell of producer.
bis the lining of producer.
c is the furnace proper.
d is the opening in the lining through which the water gases escape, & air enters
the furnace.
e is the space or chamber for collecting the water gases.
f is the dwarf wall to prevent ashes and slag entering chamber.
g is the door for taking out ashes, slag and other purposes.
his water block covering opening between furnace and chamber.
i shews one possition for inlet of blast (air). are the air pipes. air pipe valves.
shews one possition of outlet gas pipe from chamber.
jis the gas valve and gas pipes.
kis the water jacketed retorts. shews one possition of inlet water pipe. ³ outlet
flow pipe.
1 is the eduction pipe from retort.
is the eduction pipe valve
cover plate.
m is the charging or feeding hopper.
n are stoking holes, n stoking holes or may be used for charging hydrocarbons or
other purposes.
o channel taking off gases (producer gase) to regenerator or wherelse required.
p is regenerator shell på regenerator lining.
qis chequered bricks of regenerator.
qshews one possition of steam inlet pipe.
r is protecting cover of air inlet.

page_text: sis.gas channel is regenerator valve.
is tapping hole for molten slag.
w is hearth or bottom of producer furnace.
In making water gas by my improved producer, the coal & coke or other
. simular substances are brought to a state of incandescence in the furnace c. the air for
supporting combustion entering the furnace through the opening a and the valatile
products of combustion passing through the channel o to where required (preferably
passing through regenerator and valves the valves and are open and valve &
valve on steam pipe q² being closed. In making the water gas valves 18 and 12 are
closed and valves and steam valve on pipe q are opened steam entering the
furnace c (preferably through the regenerator Fig. 3 and channel o) passes into the
incandescent material, becomes decomposed into water gas, entering the chamber e by
the opening d and on to where required by pipes. After stopping the make of
water gas the valves may be closed and the valve opened allowing the volatile
constituents of tar, ammonia and hydrocarbons, distiled in the retort to pass through
the pipe & valve to condenser for further treatment as may be desired.
Having now. particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same. is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In combination with a gas producer the forming of a space or chamber outside
the lining of furnace and connected with the furnace by an opening or openings in
the said lining, for collecting the water gases or other gases at or near the hearth
substantially as herein described and illustrated.
2. In combination with a gas producer of a water jacketed retort, and eduction
pipe for distiling off the valatile constituents of the fresh fuel and for the purposes set
forth as herein previously discribed.
3. The combination within one casing a regenerator for heating or superheating of
air and steam as herein previously discribed and illustrated.
WILLIAM DEIGHTON.