IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND BURNERS FOR CARRIAGES, RAILWAYS, SHIPS, AND GENERAL PURPOSES." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John George Ellis, of No. 3, Saint Philip's Terrace,
Earl's Court, in the County of Middlesex, Coach Builder, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND BURNERS FOR CARRIAGES, RAILWAYS,
SHIPS, AND GENERAL PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John George Ellis at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th September 1881.
JOHN GEORGE ELLIS, of No. 3, Saint Philip's Terrace, Earl's Court, in the
County of Middlesex, Coach Builder. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND BURNERS
FOR CARRIAGES, RAILWAYS, SHIPS, AND GENERAL PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to improvements in "gazine" lamps and burners, and has
for its object to increase their illuminating power and to afford greater safety in
burning essential and volatile oils. I accomplish my Invention as follows:-
I provide a metal tube, which I screw into the top of the reservoir or tank of the
lamp. I pack this tube tightly with cotton, wire, or porous clay. Around the top
end of this tube I form sinall perforations for the emission of the gas generated.
The bottom end of said tube is open. I provide a feeder-screw with a cap, and I
conduct this screw outside the lamp; said screw is arranged with wash-plates in
the aforesaid cap, and in each wash-plate is a small-hole at the opposite point to
the other. In the top of the aforesaid cap I form another hole and a downcast.
tube of metal communicating therewith and open at the lower end. I provide a
regulating plate in the communication between the aforesaid tank and feeder to
prevent said tank from being filled to more than the extent of one half or three
fourths. In lamps for out door use the case is perforated at the rear of the
reflectors and at the base of the case, and is furnished with guard plates to protect
the flame from draught, and said last mentioned lamps are ventilated at the top
edges with louvres and are protected by guard pieces. I make the roof of my
13

page_text: improved lamp dome shaped, and through the centre thereof downwards I provide
a funnel, which is perforated at its junction with said roof. Within this funnel
I fix another funnel fastened at its lower edges, and being at its top of about two
thirds of the diameter of said first mentioned funnel and less in height than the
latter. The outer funnel is perforated above the dome of the lamp, and excess of
draught is prevented by a band, which is clear of said dome and funnel and
extends above the top of the latter. Over this band I place a plate or cap raised
to admit of heat escaping. I may, if desirable, fix in the inner funnel two cross
plates for the purpose of breaking the draught of a sudden gust of wind, said
plates to cross each other at their centres or point of contact.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John George Ellis in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th March
1882.
JOHN GEORGE ELLIS, of 3, Saint Philip's Terrace, Kensington, in the County
of Middlesex, Coach-builder. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND BURNERS FOR
CARRIAGES, RAILWAYS, SHIPS, AND GENERAL PURPOSES."
The object of the Invention is to improve the construction of gazine lamps and
burners, so as to increase the illuminating power with a given quantity of oil, to
afford greater safety in burning essential and volatile oils, and to lessen the risk of
loss by breakage.
For the better explanation of my said Invention I refer to the accompanying
Drawings, in which the like letters designate the like parts.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved lamp.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the lamp.
I provide a metal tube a (Figures 1 & 2), which is screwed into the top of the
oil tank a', and which is tightly packed with a wick composed of cotton, wire, or
porous clay. Around the top of this tube small holes are pierced for the emission
of the gas generated. The bottom of said tube is open. A feeder screw a³ is
fixed outside the lamp. Within the cap of this screw are wash-plates b, b, in each
of which is a small hole at an opposite point to the other. There is also a hole in
the top of the cap. I provide a downcast tube 6' communicating with the
aforesaid cap, and in the communication between the oil tank and the feeder I
provide a regulating plate c to prevent the tank being filled more than half or
three fourths. In lamps for outdoor use the case is perforated at the back of the
reflector c¹. At the base of the case are guard plates to protect the flame from
draught, and the top edges of the case are formed with louvres c and slots c³ for
the purpose of ventilation. These louvres and slots are protected by guard pieces.
I make the roof d of dome shape with the funnel & springing from the centre
thereof and extending downwards into the lamp. This funnel is perforated with
holes around its circumference immediately above its junction with the aforesaid
roof. Within this funnel I provide another funnel d³, which is made fast at its
lower edges, as shown at e, e. It is less in diameter at its top than the aforesaid
funnel d', than which it is also less in height. The outer funnel d' (as has been
stated) is pierced with holes above its junction with the roof of the lamp, and
excess of draught is prevented by a band e¹, which stands clear of the roof and
funnel and extends above the top of the latter. Over this band I place a plate
or cap to permit the escape of heat. I may, if desirable, fix in the inner funnel d
two cross plates f for the purpose of breaking the draught caused by a sudden
gust of wind. By my Invention a greater amount of illuminating power is secured
than has been effected by lamps hitherto used.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which the
same is to be carried into effect, I wish it to be understood that what I claim as
new and therefore secured to me by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters
Patent is,
First. In a gazine lamp, the combination and arrangement of an outer and an
inner funnel, the outer being ventilated with slots or holes, substantially as and
for the purpose herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. In a gazine lamp, the combination and arrangement of louvres and

page_text: slots in the roof thereof, substantially as herein described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John George Ellis, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
JOHN GEORGE ELLIS. (L.S.)