matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO SADDLE ' BOILERS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Simpson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st July
1871.
I, JOHN SIMPSON, Gardener to the Right Honorable Lord Wharncliffe,
of Wortley Hall, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO SADDLE '
BOILERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in and relating to boilers of
the class generally known as 'saddle' boilers which are generally used
for horticultural and other purposes where this description of boiler may
be found suitable. Hitherto boilers of this class have been fired at or
from one end, to which end the furnace door was attached, and the
draught was then guided towards the other end, and on arriving there
was guided back under side wings of brick or iron along the top of the
saddle and thence into the chimney, by which means much heating
surface near the door end was lost.
According to this Invention the boiler is fired at a side arch (placed
about midway the length of the boiler) to which the furnace door is

page_text: attached, and the draught will consequently be divided and the products.
of combustion will be caused to be drawn in or follow opposite directions
from the centre of the boiler, that is, towards each end of the boiler,
and they will then be guided backwards and forwards on both sides of
the boiler from the ends to the middle (by preference) under four iron
wings suitably arranged and forming the divisions between the flues,
the wings also form continuations of the water way, the flues meet
about the middle of the boiler at the water exit pipe on the top and
will there enter the chimney. By these means a greater amount of
surface of the boiler will be exposed more effectually to the action of
the products of combustion and additional heating surface is afforded,
these water wings doing away with the necessity of brick divisions to
divide the flues and with all internal brick projections or supports.
The furnace bars lie across under the boiler instead of lengthways as
hitherto, and the soot doors are at one end, one of which will also when
it is required be used to stir the fire, and for pushing the live coal from
end to end of the boiler, the fresh fuel is thrown in at the side arch,
and the smoke whilst traversing over the live coal at each end is partially
consumed. The four under corners of the saddle are shortened back a
few inches under the corner wings for flue room.
The boiler in setting is arched over with brick as usual, and additional
space for fire room if needed may be conveniently provided by brickwork
in the setting. The water return pipes are placed at either end and are
in connection with or lead from the return communication.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LANTERNS FOR BURNING HYDROCARBON OIs
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Patrick Adie at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
December 1871.
I, PATRICK ADIE, of Pall Mall, in the County of Middlesex,
Mathematical Instrument Maker, do hereby declare the nature of my
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LANTERNS FOR BURNING HYDROCARBON
OIs," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in lanterns for burning hydro-
carbon oils, and consists in dividing the body of the lantern into two
compartments, the lower compartment containing the body of the lamp,
whilst the upper compartment serves as the combustion chamber.
The two compartments above mentioned are formed by dividing the
lantern horizontally by a diaphragm having an opening made in the
centre thereof, through which opening the upper portion of the burner
of the lamp projects, a cap of the ordinary construction being employed

page_text: for conducting the air to the burner to support combustion, which air is
admitted both above and below the diaphragm through suitable per-
forations made in the body of the lantern.
The burner may be surrounded by a short tube, which will tend to
increase the illuminating power of the flame..
F
Ax IMPROVED CORK DRAWER
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Alphaeus Gooding at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 27th January 1871.
I, RICHARD ALPHAEUS GOODING, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "Ax
IMPROVED CORK DRAWER," to be as follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of providing an instrument
for extracting or drawing corks from bottles, to be used in lieu of the
ordinary corkscrew.
The improvements consist in the employment of a spindle, the lower
portion of which is constructed in the form of a three or more sided taper
point. At a point of the spindle where the taper terminates a recess is
formed, into which is placed a swivel lever turning upon a pivot, its
construction being shewn in the accompanying Drawing. Thus when
the spindle has been forced by pressure through the cork, on a reverse
motion being given to the spindle the projecting corner a of the swivel
lever by coming into contact with the under side of the cork forces the

page_text: swivel lever into a position at right angles to the spindle, forming
thereby a resisting bed; this as the spindle is withdrawn lifts the cork
out of the bottle. The cork is readily drawn off the spindle by placing
the swivel lever in a reverse position to that with which it is inserted
into the cork.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ARI AL NAVIGATION, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Juan Rieber at the Office of the
Commissioners of Fatents, with nis Petition, on the 18th October
1871.
I, JUAN RIEBER, of Madrid, in the Kingdom of Spain, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ARI AL
NAVIGATION, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:—
This Invention has for its object improvements in aerial navigation,
and in apparatus connected therewith.
The Drawing hereunto annexed shews a balloon with my improve-
ments applied. a is the balloon constructed with three fronts in
figure of a triangle so that always one of the edges cuts the wind and
follows the engine d; b is a saloon for passengers; c is an engine
principal for the direction which pushes it forward; d, engine of superior
strength than the current of the air, this is always blowing against the
winds, which might intercept the direction, and is moveable so as to place

page_text: it where it may be convenient; e is a reservoir to produce the gases
without fire; f is an anchor for stopping; are openings to let out
the gas; and h are weathercocks. A weathercock not shewn in the
Drawings is also mounted upon the top of the balloon to indicate the
direction that the balloon is moving.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON TUBES FOR CERTAIN PURPOSES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Rennic Underwood
and David Thomson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,.
with their Petition; on the 6th April 1871.
We, RICHARD RENNIE UNDERWOOD and DAVID THOMSON, trading
as the Plaskynaston Tube Company, of Ruabon, in the County of
Denbigh, North Wales, do hereby declare the nature of our said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON TUBES FOR CERTAIN
PURPOSES," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
Our improvements in the manufacture of tubes relate more par-
ticularly to welded tubes of an irregular shape, notwithstanding the
same process is equally applicable in the manufacture of round tubes,
and consist in using a cast die of suitable hard metal either with or
without lead rolls, for giving a curvature to the lead end of the strip
of iron intended to be drawn into a tube, or the die may be made bell
mouth for effecting the same object, and contracted at its inner end to
the necessary diameter in proportion to the width of the strip, that the
strip when bent round at its lead end and passed or drawn through the
neck of the die shall be thereby welded. Immediately in the rear of

page_text: the dic, which we call the welding die, we apply a portable dic, either
to further contract or finish the circular tube, or to partially form it
into a regular or irregular shape, reeded, fluted, or otherwise, from
whence we prefer (still in the process of drawing the heated tube
through the dies) to apply a second, third, or more portable dic or dies,
cach successive one contracting from the former, until the exact form,
size, and finish desired is imparted to the tube under operation, and
by preference we apply, if necessary, a jet or jets of cold water to the
finishing dic or dies to keep them cold and render them more enduring.
We purpose when such tubes are required to alter their longitudinal
character by twisting them through their length in a spiral form,
applying the necessary means immediately in the rear of the finishing
die or dies, and such tubes being twisted in one direction, may yet
while sufficiently hot or by reheating go through a second twisting
process in the reverse direction as taste or fashion may require.
Thus it will be seen that by heating a series of skelps or strips of iron
in a suitable furnace, the same when brought to a welding heat is
drawn over or through a guide roll or rolls, and through our improved
combined series of dies, while the iron is in a soft condition from its
heat we are enabled to weld, shape, and finish tubes of an ordinary
mercantile length with great rapidity, and with a considerable degree
of extra finish than such kind of tubes has hitherto been made.
AN IMPROVED PLASTIC MATERIAL SUITABLE FOR SURGICAL SPLINTS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Tonkin Cocking at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
81st August 1871.
I, JOHN TONKIN COOKING, of Penzance, in the County of Cornwall,
Hat Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED PLASTIC MATERIAL SUITABLE FOR SURGICAL SPLINTS AND OTHER
PURPOSES," to be as follows:
This Invention consists in the formation of a plastic and porous
material, and is composed of hair, wool, fur, cotton, and other animal
and vegetable fibre, felted together, and afterwards made rigid by a
mixture of shellac, resin, thusk, borax, and water, so combined with the
felted fabric as to make a substance plastic when hot and rigid when
cold, and also so porous as to admit respiration through it.
I do not confine myself to any definite proportions of the materials
named, as they may be somewhat varied according to the uses to which
the material may be applied. For surgical splints, the material has
only to be made hot in boiling water or dry heat, when it can be

page_text: moulded to any shape, and it will retain its flexibility when partially
cold. It requires no glue, and metal attachments are easily fixed by
rivets.
The material can also be adopted in the formation of helmets for the
head, leg and other guards for cricketters, and various other useful
purposes, it being at once light, porous, clastic, flexible, and plastic, and
· also economical in its manufacture.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS TO HEAT ROOMS OF EVERY SIZE, APPLICABLE FOR COOKING PURPOSES, THE PREPARING OF FOOD FOR ANIMALS, BAKING OVENS, COOKING OF MEAT, EVAPORATING, DRYING, CALENDERS AND SIMILAR APPARATUS FOR DRESSING
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Harrison Granger and
Jean Paul Louis Hyan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 23rd May 1871.
We, THOMAS HARRISON GRANGER & JEAN PAUL LOUIS HYAN, of
Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS TO HEAT ROOMS
OF EVERY SIZE, APPLICABLE FOR COOKING PURPOSES, THE PREPARING OF FOOD FOR
ANIMALS, BAKING OVENS, COOKING OF MEAT, EVAPORATING, DRYING, CALENDERS
AND SIMILAR APPARATUS FOR DRESSING," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the employment of the heavy mineral oils
as means of transmitting heat, such oils being produced in the manu-
facture of the burning mineral oils and paraffin. These heavy oils when
heated transmit a higher temperature than can be obtained by any hot-
water apparatus, for the boiling points of some oils are at very high
degrees.
Some of the arrangements of the apparatus to be used in this improved
method of heating are similar to those used for heating by means of
heated water or air, but the open vessel used in the hot-water apparatus

page_text: will have to be closed, the oil being contained in pipes or vessels heated
by fire in a furnace or by heated air, and the heat from the pipes or
vessel transmitted to any place and used for any required purpose; and
as the vessels and apparatus used for heating with hot water are varied
to suit the purposes required so will the vessels and apparatus in con-
nection with heated oil have to be arranged and adapted according to
the requirements.
This method of heating by mineral oils can also be advantageously
combined with that by hot air, that is, the pipes containing the heated
oil can heat currents of air flowing in contact with them.
The great heat that can be given off by using these mineral oils instead
of hot water enables it to be safely and economically used in the various
operations of cooking or warming food; in the processes of dyeing,
brewing, distilling; in the manufacture of sugar, varnish, soap, india-
rubber; for heating the rollers and cylinders of dressing or finishing
machines; for drying powders, malt, and, in fact, for every purpose
where heat is required; and the peculiarity of this heating by mineral
oils is that the heat can be raised to a very high degree without there
being any expanding pressure in the interiors of the pipes or vessels,
and thus the danger of explosion is avoided and constant supervision
unnecessary.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REVERBERATORY FURNACES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Bromilow at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patcuts, with his Petition, on the 17th
February 1871.
I, JOHN BROMILOW, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Furnace Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REVERBERATORY FURNACES," to be as follows:―
The object of my Invention is to provide a reverberatory furnace
suitable for puddling and reheating iron and for heating and melting
purposes generally, which whilst being inexpensive to crect and durable
is economical as regards fuel, effective in heating, and casily managed
by persons acquainted with reverberatory furnaces of the ordinary kind.
For that purpose the outer side walls of the furnace are constructed in
any
usual way of any desired outline, an opening being left at one end
for the admission of gaseous fuel from a fire or producers. The crown
of the furnace is made wholly or partially hollow, and air is admitted
into the hollow space to be there heated. The air may enter the said
hollow space directly or through a chamber. In practice two chambers
are preferred, these being used alternately as waste products escape

page_text: and air entrance. The heated air issues from the hollow crown at an
aperture over the entering gaseous fuel, and when the two meet intense
combustion takes place over the hearth. The waste gas or products
escape as mentioned through chambers, or they may escape through a
flue, in all cases to a chimney.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SKATES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Ritchie at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
February 1871.
I, ROBERT RITCHIE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Tool Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SKATES," to be as follows :-
This Invention consists in constructing skates with a peculiar com-
bination of devices involving a single simple screw movement for both
adjusting and fixing the skate in a firm and secure manner upon the
boot or shoe.
The improved skate is made with a pair of side clips for the broad
part of the foot, these clips being fitted to slide in or out in transverse
grooves in a seat fixed to the blade. The side clips are formed with ribs
of an inclined shape and projecting up sufficiently to enter inclined
grooves formed for them in a sole plate, and the ribs and grooves being
inclined in reversed directions the longitudinal movement of the sole
plate causes the clips to move inwards or outwards as required. The sole
plate is made with a middle longitudinal groove to work on a central
rivetted or dovetailed projection or screw on the clip seat whereby it is

page_text: held down on that seat, and its back end has a small block formed or
fixed on its under side, which block is grooved underneath to rest and
slide on the blade, and is screw tapped to receive a longitudinal screw
spindle. This screw spindle passes through but is capable of longitudinal
movement in a heel seat fixed to the blade and shaped to grasp the front
part of the boot or shoe heel, the screw spindle also passes through a
movable heel seat shaped to grasp the back of the heel and fitted to
slide longitudinally upon the fixed heel seat. The back or movable
heel seat is connected to the screw spindle by a bush and collars so
as whilst allowing the spindle to turn to partake of any longitudinal
movement the spindle may have. The outer back end of the screw
spindle is by preference squared to receive a key for turning it by, such
key being fitted with a swivel ring for connection to a key ring or
chain. The action of the screw spindle causes the sole plate and back
or movable heel scat to approach to or recede from each other, and 1
when in putting on the skate the heel seat becomes stationary from
gripping the col a continuation of the screwing causes the slide
clips to approach each other until they also grip the boot or shoc.
AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING THE FOULING OF IRON SHIPS' BOTTOMS, AND FOR PRESERVING OTHER IRON OR METAL SURFACES, AS PONTOONS, FLOATING Docks, Dock GATES, AND SUBMERGED IRON OR METAL BRIDGE WORKS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Oliver Phalp at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd February
1871.
I, OLIVER PHALP, of North Shields, in the County of Northumberland,
Master Mariner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING THE FOULING OF IRON SHIPS' BOTTOMS,
AND FOR PRESERVING OTHER IRON OR METAL SURFACES, AS PONTOONS, FLOATING
Docks, Dock GATES, AND SUBMERGED IRON OR METAL BRIDGE WORKS," to be
as follows:-
My Invention relates to an improved composition for preserving the
bottoms of iron ships from fouling and rust, and for preserving other
metal surfaces, such as pontoons, floating docks, dock gates, and other
submerged metal structures.
My improved composition consists of creosote or picric acid, com-
bined with zinc paint, or white lead and tallow, the latter ingredients
being regulated in proportions suited to the climate in which the vessel
or structure is situate.

page_text: The novelty consists in the use of creosote as the anti-fouling agent,
which is held in suspension in the zinc paint and tallow. The creosote
or carbolic acid is first thoroughly mixed, and melted tallow then added,
the whole is then well mixed, and so becomes fit for use, being laid on
while hot.
The following are suitable proportions of the ingredients of my
improved anti-fouling composition, although I do not limit myself to
the precise proportions indicated, viz. :—
Creosote (or carbolic acid), 1 gallons, or a less proportion of picric
acid; zinc paint, or white lead, 34 lbs.; tallow, 112 lbs. Rosin may also
be added (about 7 lbs., more or less) to give increased consistency to the
composition when used in hot climates.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MATCH BOXES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Alexander Bell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th November 1871.
I, SAMUEL ALEXANDER BELL, of Stratford, in the County of Essex,
Wax Taper Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MATCH BOXES,"
to be as follows :—
This Invention relates to an improvement on that class of match
boxes which are stamped out of thin sheet metal and are fitted with a
spring lid, and are intended to be carried in the pocket.
The object of the improvement is to provide for such boxes an
efficient friction surface upon which the matches can be ignited.
Hitherto it has been the practice to corrugate or roughen the front or
back of the box by pressure in a die, but this roughness, although
effective while the box is new, quickly loses its efficiency. In order to
remedy this inconvenience I provide an inexpensive means for holding
a strip of glass paper in a way that will protect it from abrasion when

page_text: carried in the pocket. Thus when the metal is being stamped out to
form the body of the box, (or it may be subsequently to that operation)
I form a recess in (say for example) the back of the box, sufficiently deep
to receive a strip of glass paper. This recess I form with open ends
which will allow of the strip of glass paper being slidden endwise into
place before the sides and ends of the box are bent up into position.
The depth of this recess will be such as to prevent the grains of glass
from projecting beyond the back of the box, and thus the box may be
carried and handled without injury to the friction surface, and without
the liability of its being brought into accidental contact with anything
which might be injured thereby.
Another method of securing the friction paper in place is to cut out
of the metal composing one or other side or end of the box a clip or clip
pieces which after inserting the paper may be pressed back into close
contact with the back of the friction paper.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GUIDING TRAMWAY CARS OR RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK FROM ONE LINE OF RAILS TO ANOTHER, PAST POINTS, OR FOR SHUNTING TO SIDINGS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Fairbairn at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
December 1871.
I, CHARLES FAIRBAIRN, Engineer, of Edinburgh, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
GUIDING TRAMWAY CARS OR RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK FROM ONE LINE OF RAILS TO
ANOTHER, PAST POINTS, OR FOR SHUNTING TO SIDINGS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a shaft crossing in front of the leading
wheels carrying a wheel on the same line as the wheels on one side of
the vehicle to be moved.
On the shaft are forged two eccentrics or cranks, one at each end, and
one having more throw than the other. By this means the wheel on the
shaft can be put at any required angle to answer for guiding the vehicle
past points of rails. When the full parts of the eccentrics are turned
downwards the guiding wheel is lifted out of position and the car is free
to go straight on the rails. When the eccentrics are placed in a hori-
zontal position the wheel is placed at the requisite angle on the rail for
leading right or left as required.

page_text: Another method by which the same apparatus can be applied is by
having only one eccentric on the shaft near which the wheel revolves on
the shaft, on the other end a toothed wheel is fixed moved by a sliding
rack also toothed, or I propose to have a moveable plate lying in line of
the wheels with an open space cut in the centre a little larger than the
diameter of the guiding wheel; and the guiding wheel runs in this open
space. On the front end is an eccentric for lifting the wheel out of
gear; the other end is hinged and the eccentric by this means can move
the wheel from one side to another at an angle suitable for leading
round curves, or past points, or from one line of rails to another.
Either of the above modifications of the apparatus is worked by
suitable gearing to answer the purpose or peculiar circumstances under
which it may be applied.
AN IMPROVED CAN POR MEASURING LIQUIDs
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Jones at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
November 1871.
I, HENRY JONES, of Cwmcarn, in the County of Monmouth, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CAN POR
MEASURING LIQUIDs," to be as follows:-
My said Invention relates to a measuring vessel which has combined
with it a funnel or pipe with a valve or stopper in such a manner that
the said vessel serves both as a measure and funnel or tun dish. I can
therefore furnish to shop keepers and others a vessel which will enable
them to dispense with the ordinary separate funnels required for pouring
liquid and semi-liquid substances, and thereby greatly facilitate the
measuring and retailing of the same.
My improved measuring can or vessel is constructed as follows:-The
body of the vessel which is formed of tin or other metal usually
employed for the construction of similar vessels is made cylindrical,
conical, or of any other convenient shape. In the bottom it has an
opening into the aforesaid tube or funnel. The vessel is provided with a

page_text: number of legs or with a supporting rim, the same being soldered or
otherwise firmly fixed on the bottom of the vessel. The aforesaid tube
or funnel is also soldered tightly upon the bottom and may form one of
the legs, or may be otherwise arranged in combination with them, or the
rim in any manner that will not prevent the vessels standing evenly
thereon.
The valve or stopper is placed either at the inner or outer end of the
tube or funnel, I prefer to place it over the aperture inside the vessel so
that it opens the said aperture by being raised from the same. The said
valve is preferably made of india-rubber or covered with the same or
similar substance. A rod attached to the valve is extended down within
the funnel and up through a tube outside the vessel within or near the
handle of the same, and at its upper end the said rod is bent to form a
catch or finger piece whereby it is operated to raise the valve. A spiral
spring or elastic cord placed within the tube which encloses the rod or
otherwise conveniently arranged presses the valve down upon its seat
and closes the aperture.
The valve may also be placed as aforesaid at the bottom of the funnel
and will then be opened by pressure applied directly to the valve itself, or
the said valve with its rod and spring may be otherwise conveniently
arranged to open the funnel aperture when the rod is operated by the
thumb or finger of the person using the can and close the said aperture
when the said rod is released.
The can or vessel may be marked or graduated to measure different
quantities such as quarts, pints, and half pints. The discharge of the
liquid from the vessel is regulated by opening and closing the valve, and
the liquid can be distributed from the said can in equal or unequal
quantities without spilling or wasting any of it into any number of
receptacles.
T 1:--
L
11
AN IMPROVED EGG BEATER OR LIQUID MIXER
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Bristow Hunt at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd July
1871. A communication from abroad by Dr. Rollin Austin
Goodenough, junior, of Paris, France.
I, BRISTOW HUNT, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED EGG BEATER OR LIQUID MIXER," (a com-
munication to him from abroad by Dr. Rollin Austin Goodenough,
junior, of Paris, France, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved beating or mixing apparatus
specially designed for egg beating, but applicable as a stirrer or mixer
for liquids in general.
The apparatus is composed of a metallic rod provided at its lower
end with beaters of any convenient form, while its upper extremity
passing freely through the ferrule of the hollow handle is provided with
a screw thread corresponding with a tapped socket or nut piece secured
within the handle. Above this nut piece is set a spiral spring fitted
at its lower end with a hollow stud, which bears on the head of the
screw rod, its upper end being secured by the cap by which the top

page_text: of the handle is closed. The lower end of the apparatus thus con-
structed being immersed in the liquid to be beaten or mixed the handle
is forced downwards, on the rod, the threaded end of which working in
the tapped socket causes the beaters to revolve in one direction, com-
pressing at same time the spiral spring against which it bears, and
which in expanding when relieved from pressure at the end of the
down stroke forces back the screw rod, causing the beaters to revolve
in the opposite direction, and so on alternately.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC PRESSES FOR COMPRESSING COTTON, JUTE, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUB- STANCES, PART OF THE SAID IMPROVEMENTS BEING APPLICABLE TO HYDRAULIC PRESSES IN GENERAL WHEREIN LONG CYLINDERS ARE EMPLOYED
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Saint John Vincent Day at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th April 1871.-A communication from abroad by James Masson
and Samuel Hodgert, both of Bombay, in the Dominion of British
India.
I, SAINT JOHN VINCENT DAY, of No. 166, Buchanan Street, Glasgow,
in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Consulting Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HYDRAULIC PRESSES FOR COMPRESSING COTTON, JUTE, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUB-
STANCES, PART OF THE SAID IMPROVEMENTS BEING APPLICABLE TO HYDRAULIC
PRESSES IN GENERAL WHEREIN LONG CYLINDERS ARE EMPLOYED," to be as
follows, that is to say:
:-
The first part of this Invention is a further development of the
hydraulic press for compressing into bales loose fibrous substances, for
which Provisional Protection was granted to the said Saint John Vincent
Day, No. 3084, dated November 24th, A.D. 1870,. and it consists in
making the short cylinders of such presses moveable in place of fixed,
so that when the first portion of the stroke of the follower has been

page_text: completed by the long cylinder or cylinders the pondant rods are raised
sufficiently high to allow the shorter cylinder to be brought in under
thom to produce the increased pressure necessary for finishing the bale.
The shorter oylinders may be arranged to be moved to and from under
the pendant rods in a variety of ways, but they may with advantage be
fitted in guides or grooves in or upon the sole or foundation of the press
and be provided with racks and pinions or screws for moving them
as required.
The second part of the Invention consists in an improved construc-
tion of the cylinders of hydraulic presses wherein a long stroke of the
ram is required. Hitherto it has been the practice to construct such
cylinders of a single casting, which incurs a considerable first cost and
heavy loss in the event of fracture.
According to the present Invention such cylinders are made in
lengths or sections with flanches at the ends of each length or section
so that the sections may be bolted together and stayed with tic rods.
In this mauner hydraulic cylinders of any required length may be
produced, and in the event of one of the sections splitting it can be
removed and a new section inserted whilst the other parts of the
cylinder are uninjured.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHEARS FOR SHEARING SHEEP AND OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Ward at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd April
1871. A communication from abroad by Charles Sargeant, of
Rokewood, in the Colony of Victoria, Australia.
I, DAVID WARD, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Sheep Shear
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHEARS FOR SHEARING SHEEP AND OTHER
ANIMALS," to be as follows:-
The improvements relate to those shears which have a spring bow or
connecting piece at the handles to facilitate the shearing operation,
and consists, firstly, in so making the handles and the bow that faulty
or worn-out blades can be removed for grinding or for other purposes,
as desired; secondly, in means of enabling the cutting edges or the
points to be reset as they become worn; and thirdly, in making the rib
of the blade or blades to start at a distance from the point or points to
enable the shearer to keep close to the skin of the animal.
The blades are formed of steel, or of steel and iron, as usual, and with
a rib which runs out from the back edge at a distance from the points,
the handles arc of iron, of curved form for lightness, and with their ends

page_text: bent at right angles so that the spring bow can be attached by screws
or clips in any convenient manner; the holes through which the screws
pass are, preferably, slotted to allow of the cutting edges of the blades
being set nearer to or farther from each other as circumstances may
dictate. By this mode of constructing the blades and attaching the bow
many advantages are derived as it obviates the tedious plan of filing
down the hammers or grinding off the heels of the blades as the edges
become worn.
AN IMPROVED PORTABLE SIDE WEAPON ADAPTED FOR THE USE OF THE ARMY, BUT MORE PARTICULARLY FOR ENTRENCHING PURPOSES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Loftus Alexander Totten-
ham at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 10th April 1871.
I, HENRY LOFTUS ALEXANDER TOTTENHAM, of Montpelier Square,
Brompton, in the County of Middlesex, of the Bengal Staff Corps, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
PORTABLE SIDE WEAPON ADAPTED FOR THE USE OF THE ARMY, BUT MORE
PARTICULARLY FOR ENTRENCHING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
:-
This Invention consists in so constructing a portable side weapon that
it may be used for different purposes in military warfare, namely, as an
entrenching tool, and as a rest for a musket or rifle when firing in
trenches, and as a weapon.
The following is an example of the construction and mode of operating
with the improved side weapon above referred to:-I take a round piece
of metal, about two feet long, more or less, and one end thereof I form
flat, somewhat like a garden spade, and the other and opposite end of
the aforesaid round part I form pointed. I also form a hole through
about the centre of the aforesaid flattened or spade part for the purpose
presently described. A weapon thus made when grasped by the hand

page_text: between the flattened and pointed parts of the said weapon may be used
as a formidable weapon of attack or defence. The flattened or blade
part thereof is also intended to be used as a spade or entrenching tool
for removing earth in the formation of trenches; and lastly, after having
thus formed the trench the weapon may be used as a rest for the musket
or rifle by inserting the pointed end of the weapon in the ground
of the trench, and rest the barrel of the gun in the hole made in the
blade part of the weapon as before stated. A side weapon thus formed
is convenient for the soldier to carry.
IMPROVED MEANS FOR RAISING, LOWERING, AND HOLDING 'GERMAN TINDER IN CIGARETTE, MATCH, OR OTHER LIKE CASES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Morris and Simon
Magnus Davis at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 18th November 1871.
We, PHILIP MORRIS and SIMON MAGNUS DAVIS, both of New Bond
Street, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS FOR RAISING, LOWERING, AND HOLDING
'GERMAN TINDER IN CIGARETTE, MATCH, OR OTHER LIKE CASES," to be as
follows:-
The cord-like or rope-like material known as German tinder and used
to light cigarettes or pipes, is generally held in a tube situated at the
When the tinder
side or end of a cigarette, match, or other like case.
is required for use, one end is made to protrude, a match or other light
is then applied to it, and after the cigarette or pipe has been lighted the
protruding end is withdrawn and a cap or other extinguisher placed over
it. The mode hitherto employed for raising the tinder so as to make
it protrude, and of again lowering or withdrawing it, consists in the
employment of a small wheel or disc with an indented edge; this wheel
has worked through a short slot in the side of the tube and has pressed

page_text: against the tinder. By acting upon the wheel by the thumb or finger
so as to cause it to rotate in one direction or the other the tinder has
been raised or lowered according to requirement.
It is found that the projecting portion of this wheel soon wears a hole
in the owner's pocket, and the arrangement is therefore objectionable.
Besides, the wheel does not securely hold the tinder, which is con-
sequently liable to be accidentally pulled out of the open end of the
tube. Now we provide means for raising and lowering the tinder as
required without having any objectionable projections, while at the same
time the tinder is securely held in the tube. We employ a sliding piece
which is free to be moved up and down in a slot in the tube in which
the tinder is placed. To this sliding piece, we pivot or hinge a bar
which is provided with a pin; this pin when the bar is lowered so as to
lie upon the sliding piece passes through the slots and enters the tinder.
Therefore when the sliding piece is moved up or down, the pin causes
the tinder to move simultaneously, the pin also securely holds the tinder
so that it cannot be pulled out of the tube.
If it is desired to remove the tinder or to insert a fresh length of it,
the bar is simply raised on its pivot and the pin is thereby lifted out of
the tube.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN SUPPLYING FUEL TO BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Hale Worrall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th May 1871.
I, BENJAMIN HALE WORRALL, of Morley, near Leeds, in the County
of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for “IM-
PROVEMENTS IN SUPPLYING FUEL TO BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES, AND IN THE
MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in forcing fuel into steam boiler and other
furnaces by a pressure of steam and in apparatus therefor. I provide a
hopper of ordinary construction under which I place a funnel shaped
receiver, and into which the fuel is made to pass from the hopper. The
lower end or nozzle of the receiver is passed into the furnace. To the
lower portion I attach a steam pipe provided with one or more jets,
placed inside the receiver, through which steam is allowed to pass. The
steam at a suitable pressure coming in contact with the fuel in the
receiver forces it through the nozzle inside the furnace and on to the
fire.
In order to regulate the amount and size of fuel passing into the
receiver in the interior of the hopper I mount a pair of breaking and

page_text: feeding rollers, between which the fuel is conducted and crushed to the
required size preparatory to passing into the receiver. I give a rotary
motion to these rollers through gearing from a small rotary engine;
in this case the steam previous to forcing the fuel on to the fire gives
the rotary motion to the engine to which the steam pipe is connected.
The breaking and feeding rollers may be caused to revolve when more
convenient by any other motive power.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTING HANDLES TO TEAPOTS, COFFEE- POTS, AND OTHER VESSELS AND ARTICLES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Garfield at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th May 1871.
I, WILLIAM HENRY GARFIELD, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Tin-plate Worker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTING HANDLES TO TEAPOTS, COFFEE-
POTS, AND OTHER VESSELS AND ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in
connecting handles to teapots, coffee-pots, and other vessels and articles.
In the ordinary method of connecting handles to teapots and other
vessels and articles, metallic ferrules on the shank parts of the handle
are soldered to the teapot or article. These ferrules consist of conical
tubes, the narrow ends of which fit upon the shanks of the handle, the
said ferrules being secured to the said shanks by means of wires fixed
at one end in the shank, and soldered at the other end to the ferrule.
In connecting handles to teapots, coffee-pots, and other vessels and
articles according to my Invention, I use in place of a ferrule a cupped
disk on each of the shanks of the handle for soldering the handle to

page_text: the article. In carrying my Invention into effect I cut out and raise
by means of cutting tools and dies from sheet tinned iron, copper, or
other metal or alloy, cupped disks of a diameter proper to fit on the
shank parts of the handle, and I make each of the shank parts of
the handle with a neck or annular depression. In fixing the cupped
disks to the handle the said disks are placed on the shanks, and by
means of dies worked in a press or stamp the said disks are closed
upon the said shanks, the sides of the disks being pressed into the
necks or annular depressions of the shanks. The cupped disks are
thereby securely fixed to the shanks of the handle, and the handle is
ready to be connected to the teapot or other article by soldering the
flat faces of the disks to the article. The shape of the cupped connect-
ing disks and the shank parts of the handle may be varied, the said shank
parts of the handle having in every case such a shape that the disks
closed thereon cannot be withdrawn therefrom.
My Invention is specially applicable to the connection of handles
made of cast iron to teapots, coffee-pots, and other vessels and articles,
but is also applicable to handles made of other metals, and to wooden
and other non-metallic handles.
Handles connected according to my Invention have a neater appear-
ance than those connected in the ordinary way, and are also cheaper
and more easily manufactured than ordinary handles.
AN IMPROVED LEVER APPARATUS FOR MOVING CARRIAGES AND TRUCKS ON RAILWAYS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Chase at tho
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th August 1871.
I, WILLIAM HENRY CHASE, of the Oity and State of New York,
United States of America, now of No. 8, Southampton Buildings,
London, do hereby declaro the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED LEVER APPARATUS FOR MOVING CARRIAGES AND TRUCKS ON
RAILWAYS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to a simple but highly efficient and durable
apparatus, designed as a substitute for the ordinary crowbar or pinch
bar for moving railway carriages, trucks, or waggons upon the rails in
and about stations or depôts. The said apparatus may be applied either
to the wheel or the end.of a carriage or waggon, and may be used
between two carriages or underneath the same; it is equally advan-
tageous on either a flat rail or a T rail; it is self-adjusting to all
irregularities of the rail; it will not slip backward thereon under
pressure, and can be effectually used when the rail is covered with

page_text: grease, snow, or ice when the ordinary pinch bar is entirely useless.
The said apparatus, when designed to act against the wheel of a
carriage, is constructed with a lever jointed to a metal shoe, which is
made to fit and rest upon the rail; and tho said lever is provided with
a pointed steel piece to hold the shoe firmly on the rail when pressure is
applied to the lever. The aforesaid shoe or rail plate is made flat to rest
fairly on the top of the rail, and may be provided with side flanges to
keep it in place. The lever may be formed with jaws, to be pivotted to
the aforesaid pointed steel piece, which in this case is passed through a
slot in the shoe, and is retained therein by a small pin extending through
slots in the sides of the said shoe; or the lever may be a simple bar
with holes in it, and the shoe formed with jaws between which the said
lever is jointed by means of a pin passed through the jaws and one of
the holes in the lever. In this modification of my Invention I form
flanges at one end of the shoe, and secure at the other end a small :
plate of steel or other suitable metal with a triangular opening, which
fits over the top of the rail and holds the shoe in place thereon; the
edges of this small plate are made sharp to take a better hold on the
rail. The lever or bar of the apparatus is slightly curved to render it
more convenient. The shoe is provided with a spring on the under side
to raise it from the rail after each exertion of the lever. If desired, the
shoe may have small rollers to facilitate its adjustment on the rail.
In the modification of the aforesaid apparatus wherein the bar is
designed to act against the end of the carriage instead of the wheel, the
rail plate is dispensed with, and the lever jointed to a bar with a metal ?
shoe, which rests between the rails and forms the fulcrum of the lever.
The said lever is in this case provided with a small hook, whereby it is
held up to the end of the carriage.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arnold Budenberg at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
March 1871. A communication from abroad by Heinrich Ehrhard,
of Chemnitz, in the Kingdom of Saxony, Engineer.
I, ARNOLD BUDENBERG, of the Firm of Schaffer and Budenberg, of
Lower King Street, in the City of Manchester, and County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PUMPS," (a communication to me from abroad by Heinrich Ehrhard,
of Chemnitz, in the Kingdom of Saxony, Engineer,) to be as follows:-
The object of the improvements is simplicity with facility for cleansing
or repair.
In carrying out these improvements the valve seats together with the
valves thereto are capable of being applied to the other parts of the
pump and removed at pleasure. For this purpose the valve seats are
formed in a cylinder, by preference slightly conical, and this slightly
conical cylinder is applied in a cylindrical chamber of the pump of a
corresponding figure. When placed in position it is held tightly there
by a plate, which is by preference of a' disc form, and rests against the

page_text: smaller end of the chamber. The smaller end of the cylinder and the
central part of this plate are formed, one with a recess or hole, and
the other with a corresponding projection, and with the acting surfaces
of one slightly inclined to those of the other, so that on turning the
plate partly on such centre the effect will be to draw the cylinder tightly ||
into its chamber. The broader end of this cylinder is provided with a
handle, so that when the plate is removed that cylinder may be readily
withdrawn from its chamber. This cylinder containing the valve seats
and valves together with its chamber are formed with corresponding
passages for communication with the supply tube or suction passage,
also with other passages to separate channels for communication between
the valves and their respective ends of the main or piston cylinder, also
for the discharge, or when a continuous stream is desired, as in the case
of fire-engines, for communication with the air chamber. The chamber
for the cylinder containing the valve seats with their valves is placed at
the lower part of the pump; the passages threfrom to the piston
cylinder rise one on each side to the piston cylinder, which is at the
upper part, and the air chamber, when one is employed, is formed
between the valve chamber, the passages therefrom to the piston
cylinder, and the piston cylinder and the whole of these parts are by
preference obtained by one casting. The parts of the stuffing box to
the piston rod and the connecting joints to the inlet and outlet passages
are formed with inclined surfaces for clips, so that by turning them on
these inclined parts tightening of the joints is effected.