IMPROVEMENTS IN PROJECTILES FOR FIREARMS AND IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND EMPLOYMENT
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Lorentz Albert Groth K.G.V. Civil Engineer, and Managing
Director of the Universal Inventors and Patentees Financial Company Limited,
30 Finsbury Pavement London E.C. for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PROJECTILES FOR FIREARMS AND IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR THEIR
PRODUCTION AND EMPLOYMENT communicated to him from abroad by
D Hugo Bischoff, of Durkheim, and Major Z. d. Armand Mieg, of Landau,
both in the kingdom of Bavaria
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Lorentz Albert Groth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th April 1883.
LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH K.G.V. Civil Engineer and Managing Director of The
Universal Inventors and Patentees Financial Company Limited 30 Finsbury
Pavement London E.C. IMPROVEMENTS IN PROJECTILES FOR FIREARMS AND IN
MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND EMPLOYMENT." A. commu-
nication to me from abroad by Dr Hugo Bischoff of Durkheim and Major. Z. d.
Armand Mieg. of Landau both in the Kingdom of Bavaria.
According to this invention instead of the projectiles being made of metallic
cast lead, they are made of metallic wolfram, which by reason of its higher specific
gravity yields a particularly low trajectory (rasante Geschossbahn) and greater
penetrating power than lead, in consequence of the greater weight in proportion to
the cross section load (Querschnills belastung). The general composition of the
cartridge itself may be made smaller.
The gun or other fire arm can therefore have a very small calibre which is of
special value for sporting firearms.
The wolfram balls or projectiles are either made of metallic wolfram by casting,
pressing and so forth or of metallic wolfram powder, produced either by mechanical
or chemical means, and as clean as possible.
A projectile produced in this way of 7.5 millimetres diameter and 22.5 millimetres
length, for example, has an absolute weight of say 14.5 grammes.

page_text: The specific gravity of the projectile made of compressed wolfram powder corre-
sponds to from 15.5 to 16, which the specific gravity of lead at 11.3 allows of the
reduction of the calibre
The usual leaden projectiles of all existing firearms can however be replaced by
wolfram projectiles of smaller calibre without altering the weapon.
The projectile
is for that purpose furnished with a case or jacket, made in one two or more parts
of paper, pasteboard, cellulose, wood, leather, tissue, and so forth,
The projectile cartridge so prepared with a case or jacket made in parts is suitable
for use in existing weapons with large calibre. Small sheets of cardboard, enclosing
between them a wax plug or wad are interposed between the projectile and the
powder in the cartridge.
The manufacture of the projectiles from powdered wolfram is effected by a
stamping press of the following construction
This machine contains two discs screwed on to a turning plate or table. These
two discs contain the press moulds in which the shells are placed. The wolfram
powder is placed in a funnel, below which is a measuring slide which receives a
quantity of powder equal to from one sixth to one twentieth of the whole quantity
required to make a projectile. When the measuring slide is filled it is pushed
over by an arm which acts upon a lever, so that the quantity filled into the
measuring slide is brought over a lower funnel, through which the powder falls
from the measuring slide into the mould placed with the shell, in the discs above
mentioned. The quantity of powder therefore falls into the shell. The discs are
thon turned the distance equal to the space between two moulds by suitable
mechanical arrangements until the shell containing the one sixth to one twentieth
of a charge of wolfram powder comes under a pressing stamp loaded with heavy
material placed in a box fixed to the stamper bar and is stamped down firmly
thereby. The stamper is drawn down by a connecting rod connected to a crank,
and is guided very accurately in suitable guides.
The discs are arranged to contain twenty or more moulds. By the delivery of
the wolfram powder in say twenty separate quantities, the powder is pressed
twenty times in each shell. After completion of this pressing the discs are loosened
from one another, and the shells which project a little through the upper disc are
pushed out of the moulds.
For producing greater solidity two such machines may be employed, one of which
is. used as the filling machine and the other the pressing machine.
When the filling and preparatory stamping is completed, the discs together
with the partly prepared material is brought on to the second machine and pressed
only thereby
The stampers are constructed as falling weights, so that they accomodate them-
selves to the increasing amount filled into the moulds. Each fall of the stamper
produces in the filling machine, a shaking of the discs so that the powder delivered
distributes itself inside the press moulds.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Lorentz Albert Groth in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th October 1883.
LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH, K.G.V. Civil Engineer and Managing Director of The
Universal Inventors and Patentees Financial Company Limited 30 Finsbury
Pavement London E.C. IMPROVEMENTS IN PROJECTILES FOR FIRE ARMS AND IN
MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND EMPLOYMENT A commu-
nication to me from abroad by D Hugo Bischoff of Durkheim and Major Z.
d Armand Miog of Landau, both in the Kingdom of Bavaria.
"
According to this invention, instead of the projectiles being made of metallic
cast lead, they are made of metallic wolfram, which by reason of its higher specific
gravity yields a particularly low trajectory (rasante) Geschossbahn) and greater
penetrating power than lead, in consequence of the greater weight in proportion to
the cross section load, Quersschnills belastung) The general composition of the
cartridge itself may remain unchanged
In order to attain the same effect as lead with even greater security, and greater
range, the wolfram projectile may be made smaller. The gun or other fire arm
can therefore have a very small calibre which is of special value for sporting
firearms.
The wolfram balls or projectiles are either made of metallic wolfram by casting
pressing and so forth, of metallic wolfram powder produced either by mechanical
or chemical means and as clean as possible.
A projectile produced in this way of 7.5 millimetres diameter and 22.5 millimetres
length for example, has an absolute weight of say 14.5 grammes.
The specific gravity of the projectile made of compressed wolfram powder corre-
sponds to from 15.5 to 16 which taking the specific gravity of lead at 11.3 allows
of the reduction of the calibre
The usual leaden projectiles of all existing fire arms can however be replaced by
projectiles of smaller calibre without altering the weapon
The projectile is for that purpose furnished with a case or jacket, made in one,
two, or more parts of paper, pasteboard cellulose, wood leather tissue, and so
forth.
The projectile cartridge, so prepared, with a case or jacket made in parts is
suitable for use in existing weapons with large calibre.
In the drawings hereto annexed, the cartridge is shown 60 millimetres high with
34 millimetres powder space and 20 millimetres projectile space. The powder
space P is 13.1. millimetres diameter.
Small sheets of cardboard m, n, each of 0.5 millimetres thickness, enclosing
between them a wax plug or wad e, are interposed between the projectile a. and the
powder P in the cartridge.
The case or jacket C-C. is say 11.15 millimetres outside, and 7.5 millimetres
inside diameter, the thickness of the body being thus 1.87 millimetres. This case
or jacket is contained in the contracted part of the cartridge which measures 11.85
millimetres.
The manufacture of the projectiles from powdered wolfram is effected by a
stamping press of the following construction.
This machine contains two discs a a² screwed on to a turning plate or table o.
These two discs contain the press moulders P in which the shells are placed. The
wolfram powder is placed in a funnel h below which is a measuring slide g which
receives a quantity of powder equal to from one sixth to one twentieth of the whole
quantity required to make a projectile.

page_text: When the measuring slide is filled it is pushed over by an arm or rod e, which
acts upon a lever f, so that the quantity filled into the measuring slide g is brought
over a lower funnel q, through which the powder. falls from the measuring slide
into the mould p placed with the shell in the discs above mentioned. The quantity
of powder therefore falls into the shell. The discs a, a, are then turned the
distance equal to the space between two moulds by means of the ratchet wheel Z,
operated by the pawl r on the arm S moved by the mechanism i i.
The ratchet wheel turns the mitre wheels m, m³, until the shell containing the
one sixth to one twentieth of a charge of wolfram powder comes under a pressing
stamp b, loaded with heavy material placed in a box b¹, fixed to the stamper bar,
and is stamped down firmly thereby. The stamper is drawn down by a connecting
rod C¹ connected to a crank and taking on to a pin C, it is guided very accurately
in suitable guides
•
The discs a a¹ are arranged to contain twenty or more moulds By the delivery
of the wolfram powder in say twenty separate quantities, the powder is pressed
twenty times in each shell. After completion of this pressing the discs a, a and o
are loosened from one another, and the shells which project a little through the
upper disc a are pushed out of the moulds.
For producing greater solidity two such machines may be employed one of which
is used as the filling machine and the other as the pressing machine. When the
filling and preparatory stamping is completed the discs a, a¹, together with the partly
prepared material is brought on to the second machine and pressed only thereby.
The stampers b are constructed as falling weights so that they accomodate
Each fall of the
themselves to the increasing amount filled into the moulds
stamper produces in the filling machine a shaking of the discs a a¹ so that the
powder delivered distributes itself inside the press moulds.
Having now described the nature of the said invention and the manner in which
the same is to or may be carried into effect. I would have it understood that what
I claim as the invention to be secured by the within in part recited Letters
Patent is
First. The construction of projectiles, for all kinds of fire-arms from metallic
Wolfram, for the purpose of producing low trajectories and greater penetrating
power.
Second. The guide case or jackets constructed in two or more parts, for enabling
the wolfram projectile to be employed in firearms of all existing calibres as herein-
before described and illustrated in the drawings
Third, Constructing the case or jackets hereinbefore described for guiding
projectiles, from paper, paste board, wood cellulose leather, tissue and other like
substances
Fourth, The method and machinery for producing wolfram projectiles from
metallic wolfram powder, substantially as herein before described and illustrated in
the drawings
In witness whereof I the said Lorentz Albert Groth have hereunto set my hand
and seal this tenth day of October, in the year of Our Lord, one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.