CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
COLE, of Coventry, in the County of Warwick,. Warehouseman, 'send
greeting..
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty. Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-third day of December (One thousand eight hundred
and forty-five), in the ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said William, Cole, my.executors;
administrators, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said. William Cole, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or. such others as I, the said William Cole, my executors, adminis
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use; exercise, and vend, within England, Wales; and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in the Islands .of Guernsey, Jersey,
Alderney, Sark, and Man, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said William
Cole, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said

page_text: Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Cole, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed and carried into practical
effect, to be as the same are described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the illustrative Drawing hereunto
annexed and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
My Invention of Certain Improvements in Looms relates more particularly
to such looms as are employed in the weaving of ribbons, and consists,-
Firstly, in certain new mechanical combinations and arrangements of parts
constituting looms for the above purpose, and by which several shuttles or
rows of shuttles may be advantageously employed, whereby several similar
pieces of ribbon may be simultaneously woven in one and the same loom; and
I have found in practice that for a loom, the batten of which is nine feet wide,
and capable of weaving nine pieces of ribbon of four different colors, that about
thirty-six shuttles, or four rows of shuttles of four in each row, are as many as
can be conveniently and beneficially used. And I would remark, that I am
aware that two sets of shuttles have been employed in the weaving of ribbons
previous to the date. of these. my said improvements; and I desire it to be
distinctly understood that the peculiar feature of this part of my said Invention
consists in the application of more than two sets of shuttles in one loom for
the weaving of ribbons, and in arranging or disposing and actuating such said
'shuttles and the batten containing the shuttles, in the manner herein-after
particularly described, set. forth, and represented by the illustrative Drawing
hereunto annexed. I would also desire it to be understood that the same.
principles may be applied to more than four sets of shuttles, if necessary.
The second part of my said improvements consists in another arrangement
of certain parts, which I designate drivers or peckers; employed for actuating
the shuttle, such arrangement being more particularly calculated for the
manufacture of that class of goods known and distinguished as checks and
tartans, which require one color or shuttle or row of shuttles to be worked
several times in succession before bringing into operation the next row of
shuttles containing weft of a different color. I would further remark, that in
the annexed illustrative Drawing the mechanical arrangements employed for
effecting the several operations of beating up, raising and lowering the batten,
winding on of the finished work, and shedding of the warp, being well known
.

page_text: to every practical weaver, I have omitted such parts, and have confined myself
principally to the representation of those parts which constitute these my said
improvements.
And, in order to explain my said 'Invention as completely as possible, I will
proceed to describe the arrangement and combination of parts which I con-
sider best calculated for carrying my said Invention into practical effect.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 exhibits a front elevation of the sliding batten hereafter mentioned,
shewing the improvements attached thereto, the work rollers represented at
Figure 1 being removed from the front thereof. Figure 2 is a partial front
elevation of the batten containing the reeds, shewing also the sliding batten in
two parts, each of such parts being shewn at different heights for the purposes
herein-after mentioned. Figure 3 is a transverse and vertical section, taken
through the line A, B, at the Figures 1 and 4. Figure 4 represents a back
elevation of the sliding batten, shewing the arrangement of parts for actuating
the shuttles. Figure 5 is a front elevation of the sliding batten without the
shuttles. Figure 6 is a transverse and vertical section thereof, taken through
the line C, D, at the Figure 5. Figure 7 represents an elevation of an arrange-
ment of parts to be employed for placing the shuttles in their proper position.
Figure 8 is a top plan view thereof. Figure 9 is a transverse and vertical
section thereof, taken through the line E, F, at the Figure 7, shewing also the
arrangement of parts to be employed for actuating the shuttles. Similar letters.
of reference are placed upon and denote corresponding parts, in so far as such
parts appear or can be seen at each of the Figures respectively. A, A, marks
a portion of the framing of the loom, to one part of which the levers B, B, are
attached by pins or studs C, C, which are the fulcra thereof. To one end of
cach of these levers there are attached rods or chains D, D,
ends of these rods or chains are connected by hooks E, E,
batten F, F, by which it is suspended; and the said batten is guided in its
proper course by guide bars G, G, which are fixed to the batten H containing
the reeds, such last-mentioned batten being attached to the loom in the usual
manner. I, I, mark four rows of shuttles, working in races and grooves K, K,
formed in the batten, as clearly shewn at Figures 4 and 5, and the said
shuttles are retained in the said races and grooves by the shuttles being
constructed with shoulders 1, 2, as shewn at Figure 6. L, M, N, O, mark
drivers of peckers for actuating the shuttles. P, P, mark openings formed
in the sliding batten F, such openings. being opposite to the reeds in the.
and the lower
to the sliding.

page_text: batten H, through which passes the warp in the usual manner.
Q, R, mark
sliding bolts or blocks of wood. for determining or governing the height to
which the sliding batten E, F, is raised; these bolts or blocks.are connected
to the Jacquard machine by cords 3, 4, and to the other end of the said
blocks there are attached check springs .5, 6, for. returning them to their
original position when not acted upon by the Jacquard machine. S, T, U, V,
imark sliding bolts or rods working in grooves formed in the back and front of
the sliding batten, as shewn at Figures 2, 3, 4, 6; into these bolts or rods, and
in a vertical line with one end of each of the shuttles in each row of shut-
tles, there are fixed the drivers or peckers. L, M, N, O, and to each of such 1
bolts or rods there are attached handles 7, 8, 9, 10, by which the shuttles of
one or other of the rows of shuttles may be simultaneously acted upon by. the
attendant, or in some instances the movement of the bolts may be effected by
mechanical means similar to those now in use for working one set of shuttles
by power; there are slots 11, 12, formed in the front of the sliding batten for i
ponnecting the handles 9 and 10 to the bolts S and U, and the handle 10 is
guided in its proper course by antifriction rollers 13, 14, 15, and the
piece W, which has à slot formed therein,.,through which, the said handle
works: At the Figures 1 and 3, X marks a lever of the third order, one end
of which has its fulcrum upon a pin Y attached to the framing of the machine; a
the other end of this lever rests upon a cord or chain Z, which is attached to
the levers B, B, and there is a weight Z¹ placed upon this end of the lever X,
which weight is somewhat heavier than the weight of the sliding batten, and
its appurtenances, for the purposes herein after mentioned. The operations of
this machine are as follow:-Motion being imparted to one or other of the s
handles 7, 8, 9, 10, in the direction of the arrow's flight at Figure 1; will
have the effect of throwing the shuttles along the grooves and races K, and
the said shuttles will be arrested by coming into contact with the opposite
sides of the drivers to those which impelled the shuttles; and, having performed
the operation of beating up, the shuttles may be again returned by à reverse
movement of the handles; and when it is required to bring the next row of
shuttles into operation, so as to introduce weft of a different color to the first,
the same may be effected in the following manner: to the lever. X .there is
attached one end of a cord or wire 16, the upper end of which is attached to
one of the hooks of a Jacquard machine, the cards of which are pierced in
conformity. with the pattern to be. woven, and as such hook is lowered by the
grife or grate of the .Jacquard, the weight Z' will, descend, and imparting
uption to the levers. B, B will cause vertical movement of the sliding.

page_text: batten F; and in order to ensure the raising of the said batten to a given
distance, I employ sliding bolts or blocks Q, R, which are in the position
shewn, as also are, the shuttles at thei commencement of the operation of
weaving; and after the first row of shuttles have been thrown a sufficient
núniber of times, and before .bringing the next row of shuttles into operation,
the bolts R, R, are brought into. the position: shewn at A,. Figure 2, by:the
action of the Jacquard upon the cords 3, 3 ; thus, às the sliding batten F is raised,
the blocks R, R, coming into contact with the stops or guide pieces G³, G¹;
will be arrested thereby, and the-shuttles having performed their office the
blocks R, R, will be released by the action of the Jacquard and the check
springs 5, 5; the blocks are then brought under the stops G¹, G¹, as shewn
at B, Figure 2, by which, as the sliding batten is raised, the third row of
shuttles will be brought into the position previously occupied by the.first.and
second; and. when it is required to. bring the fourth row of shuttles into the
position occupied by the third, the same may be effected by releasing the
blocks Q, Q, in a similar manner to the blocks R, R. The sliding batten.
having now gone to the extent of its range, and the last or bottom row of
shuttles having performed their office, the batten is then lowered.by the action
of the Jacquard.upon the cords and levers B and D, so as to bring the first or
top row of shuttles again into the proper position, and subsequently the
following rows for performing the shoot. And I would remark, that in cases.
where each of the rows of shuttles are not required. to be brought into opera-
tion in succession the sliding batten may be: raised and lowered: by the
attendant pressing upon a treadle, which is in connection with the levers B, B,
as shewn by the dotted lines at Figures 1. and 3, by which one or other of the
rows of shuttles may be placed in. the proper position for performing the.
shoot, as the nature of the work may require, or circumstances deem neces
sary. At the Figures 7, 8, and 9 of the annexed Drawing, the arrangement
there shewn differs from the before-mentioned arrangement, first, by employing.
only one driver or pecker for each vertical row of shuttles, such driver or
pecker being attached at its upper and lower ends to sliding bolts working in
grooves in the batten which..contains the reeds, as shewn at Figure 9; and.
secondly, in the application of rollers b, b, placed in front of each vertical row
of shuttles for the purpose of placing them in a proper position (as the batten
beats up), for being acted upon by the drivers or peckers.. It will be seen,
upon referring to the Drawing at the Figure 9, that. the sliding batten is
independent of the driver or pecker, and that as the sliding batten is raised.
and one or other of the rows of shuttles are brought opposite to the part a of
the drivers or peckers they will be impelled: thereby; and this arrangement is:

page_text: more particularly intended to be used in the weaving of tartans and checks, as
before mentioned.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed and carried into practical effect, I desire it to be
distinctly understood that I do not claim the exclusive use of any of the
separate parts above mentioned and referred to, except in so far as the same
may be employed in combination and for the purposes of my said Invention;
neither do I claim the use of two shuttles when employed in one and the same
loom for the purpose of weaving ribbons. But I do claim as of my Invention
of certain improvements in- looms,-
Firstly, the application of more than two sets of shuttles in one and the
same loom, for the purpose of weaving figured or brocaded ribbons, such said
shuttles and parts to which they are attached being arranged, combined, and
actuated in the manner herein-before particularly set forth and represented at
the Figures 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, of the annexed Drawing, as constituting
improvements in looms.
: Secondly, I claim the mode herein-before particularly described, set forth,
and represented in respect of Figures 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, of the Drawing here-
unto annexed, by which the several shuttles contained in each horizontal row
of shuttles may be simultaneously acted upon for the purpose of weaving
several similar pieces of ribbon in one. and the same loom at the same time.
And I further claim the mode set forth of working the slides, such slides being
subject to less friction than any now in use in looms where two sets of shuttles
are used, together with the arrangement for governing the distance to which
such batten is raised, and by which the several rows of shuttles are placed in the
necessary position for effecting the shoot at each shed of the warp in accordance
with the pattern to be woven.
.
Thirdly, I claim the mechanical combinations and arrangements of parts
herein-before particularly described, set forth, and represented at the Figures 7,
8, 9, of the annexed Drawing, for the purpose of weaving such description of
ribbons as are designated checks and tartans, as constituting improvements in
looms, whether such looms be worked by power or hand. And such my.
Invention being, to the best of my knowledge and belief, entirely new and
never before used within that part of Her said Majesty's United Kingdom of
Great Britain and, Ireland called England, Her said Dominion of Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in the Islands of Guernsey, Jersey,
Alderney, Sark, and Man, I do hereby declare this to be my Specification of
the same, and that I do verily believe this my said Specification doth comply
in all respects fully and without reserve or disguise with the proviso in the said

page_text: berein-before in part recited Letters Patent contained, wherefore I hereby
claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Cole, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-six.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twentieth day of June, in the
tenth year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said William
Cole came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknow-
ledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and
specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument aforesaid was
stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-fifth year
of the reign of His lato Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Twenty-third day of June, One thousand eight hundred
and forty-six.