IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING OR REDUCING VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James, Caldow and James Bainden Affleck McKinnel,
both of the Palmerstone Iron Works, Dumfries, situated in the Parish of
Troqueer. in the County of Kirkendbright. North Britain, Machinists, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING
OR REDUCING VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
left by the said James Caldow and James
Bainden Affleck McKinnel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition. on the 12th July 1855.
We, JAMES CALDOW and JAMES BAINDEN AFFLECK MCKINNEL. both of the
Palmerstone Iron Works. Dumfries. situated in the Parish of Troqueer. &
County of Kirkcudbright. North Britain. Machinists. do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR ATPARATUS FOR
CUTTING OR REDUCING VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES "to be as follows, that is to say:
This Invention relates to an arrangement of turnip-cutting cart," or appa-
ratus for cutting or slicing turnips and other vegetables during the actual
traverse or motion of the cart over the ground. In its general external form
and arrangement the cart or locomotive entier resembles an ordinary box farm
cart. on a single pair of running wheels, and drawn by one horse. The body or
chest portion of the cart is divided into two sections. The upper one contains

page_text: the uncut vegetables, whilst the lower one. formed by adding a secondary bottom.
answers as the receptacle for the vegetables when cut. The actual cutting
apparatus consists of two rotating cylinders with knives or cutters arranged in
the manner well known to practical men as the "Banbury turnip cutter." the
cutting cylinders being actuated through the agency of gearing, or otherwise
connected with the nave or some other part of one of the running wheels. As
the cutting cylinders rotate in the upper section of the cart or under its floor, and
sever the vegetables deposited therein, the severed pieces descend from the first
or upper cart bottom to the second or lower bottom. where they are retained
until required to be removed. The secondary bottom may conveniently assume
the form of a suspended platform, provision being made for it to swivel upon.
centres to permit the cut vegetables to drop upon the ground even as the cart
proceeds.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Caldow and James Bairden Affleck "Kinnel in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
CALDOW and JAMES BAIRDEN AFFLECK MCKINNEL, both of the Palmerstone
Iron Works, Dumfries. situated in the Parish of Troqueen. in the County of
Kirkcudbright, North Britain. Machinists, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria. by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of July. in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five. in the nineteenth year of ller reign.
did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us. the said
James Caldow and James Bairden Affleck McKinnel. Her special license
that we, the said James Caldow and James Bairden Affleck McKimmel, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we. the said James
Caldow and James Bairden Affleck MKinnel. our executors. administrators.
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make. use. exercise. and vend. within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland. the Channel Islands. and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING OR REDUCING
VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
James Caldow and James Bairden Affleck McKimmel. by an instrument in
writing under our hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be

page_text: performed. and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Caldow and James Bairden
Ameck McKinnel, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed. to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, reference being had
to the accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon.
that is to say:
Our said Invention relates to an arrangement of turnip-cutting cart." or
apparatus for cutting. sliceing, or pulping turnips and other vegetables during
the actual traverse of the cart over the ground. In its general external form
and arrangement the cart or locomotive cutter resembles an ordinary box farm
cart, with a chest or box below the axle, placed on a single pair of running
wheels, and drawn by one horse. The body or chest portion of the cart or
machine is divided into two sections. The upper one, which corresponds to the
ordinary cart. box. contains the unent vegetables, and is formed with a grated
or ribbed bottom, whilst the lower one, formed by adding a secondary box acts
as the receptacle for the vegetables when cut. The actual cutting apparatus
consists of two rotating cylinders with knives or cutiers arranged in the manner
well known to practical men as the Banbury turnip cutter." or "Gardner's
patent." Or one or more cylinders may be used. and the knives or cutters
may be arranged in any manner suitable for cutting or pulping vegetables or
roots. The cutting cylinder or cylinders may either be fixed upon the cari axle.
or be actuated through the agency of gearing or other suitable connection with
the axle, nave, or some other part or parts of one or of both of the running
wheels. As the cutting cylinders rotate at the bottom of the upper section of
the cart or under its floor, and sever the vegetables deposited therein, the
severed pieces descend from the upper section to the lower box, where they are
retained until required to be removed. The secondary bottom may conveniently
assume the form of a suspended platform. provision being made for a part of it
to swivel upon centres to permit the cut vegetables to drop upon the ground
as the cart proceeds.
And in order that our said Invention may be properly understood, we shall
now proceed to describe the explanatory Figures on the Sheet of Drawings
hereunto attached.
Figure 1 on the Sheet of Drawings is a longitudinal vertical section of a
turnip-cutting cart. as constructed according to one modification of our said
Invention; Figure 2 is a back end elevation, and Figure 3 is a side elevation

page_text: of the cart with one of the wheels removed. Externally the cart resembles an
ordinary box farm cart. except that it is formed with a box or chamber A below
the axle B and shafts C. The upper space of the cart is formed with
inclined gratings E at its front and back portions, a central space between the
gratings admitting the turnips or other roots, which are placed in the space D
to the cutting cylinders F. These cylinders are fast upon a transverse shaft,
one end of which projects through the side of the cart and carries an external
pinion G. which is in gear with a ring of spur teeth II. fast on the nave of one
of the running wheels 1. Various kinds of cutting or reducing instruments
may be used. that represented in the Drawing being of the kind known as
"Gardner's patent." A clutch actuated by the lever J is provided for puiting
the pinion G into or out of gear. so that the cart may be made to traverse
without the cutters operating, or they may be made to cut at pleasure. The
bottom of the lower chamber or box A is formed with a swivelling door K.
which. when turned upon its centres into its open position by a lever L. forms
an inclined plane, down which the cut routs descend, being distributed upon
the ground as the cart proceeds. The chamber or box A is also provided with
a hung door M at the back. at which the roots can be removed when they may
have been retained in the chamber instead of being deposited upon the ground.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, we may observe, in conclusion, that we do not confine or restrict
ourselves to the precise details or arrangements which we have had occasion to
describe or refer to as many variations may be made therefrom without devi-
ating from the principles or main features of our lavention: hut what we
consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is, the general
arrangement and construction of turnip-cutting carts or machines for entting
vegetables whilst traversing, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we. the said James Caldow and James Bairden
Affleck M Kinnel. have hereunto. Sel our hands and seals, this
Eighteenth day of December. One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
JAS. CALDOW.
(I..S.)
JAMES B. A. MCKINNEL. (...)