IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF SPIKES, NAILS, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1878

page_text: i
LETTERS PATENT to George Walter Dyson, of Sheffield, in tlie West Riding of
the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS
OF MANUFACTURE OF SPIKES, NAILS, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND IN
APPARATUS THEREFOR
."
t.
•
Sealed the 4th March 1879, and dated the 7th September 1878
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Walter Dyson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th September 1878.
GEORGE WALTER DYSON, of Sheffield, in the West Riding of the County of
York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF SPIKES, NAILS,
AND SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
-
These improvements, relate to the process of manufacture of spikes, nails, and
similar articles, and to apparatus employed in the said process of manufacture..
In manufacturing spikes (et cetera) according to this Invention, bars or strips are
employed, which have been rolled or formed into the shape of a number of finished
spikes, laid side by side and joined together, so that when severed by the apparatus
herein-after described the process of manufacture is complete.
The improved cutting-off apparatus consists principally of two jaws or frames,
carrying cutters, the said frames and cutters being reciprocated in opposite directions
at the same time, so that they close on to the rolled bar, and cut therefrom a number
of complete spikes at each to-and-fro movement of the said cutters.
The cutters can be actuated by any ordinary arrangement of, cams and wheels,
and can either reciprocate in the same plane or otherwise. The cutters in one
reciprocating frame will pass into recesses between the cutters in the other or oppo-
site reciprocating frame, and between each pair of cutters a stop-will be fixed, so
that when the cutters are drawn from one another, the spikes will drop from between
them.
In carrying this Invention into effect, the bar or strip (rolled to the section of a
complete spike, as above described) can be fed into the apparatus from one end or
otherwise, and when a certain number of spikes are cut therefrom; the operation
can be repeated until the whole bar is cut up, or an apparatus can be constructed to
cut up a whole bar at one operation.
-

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said George Walter Dyson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th March
1879.
"
GEORGE WALTER DYSON, of Sheffield, in the West Riding of the County of
York. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF SPIKES, NAILS
AND SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
These improvements relate to the process of manufacture of spikes, nails, and
similar articles, and to apparatus employed in the said process of manufacture.
In manufacturing spikes, nails, and similar articles according to this Invention
bars or strips are formed of, the shape (in cross section) of the spike or nail it is
desired to produce, and these bars or strips are cut up into spikes or nails by one or
other of the improved apparatus herein-after described.
TV:
The improved cutting-off or shearing apparatus consists essentially of two jaws,
frames, or slides carrying cutters, the said slides and cutters being reciprocated in
opposite directions at the same time, so that they close on to the said bar or strip,
and cut therefrom a number of complete spikes at each complete reciprocating
movement of the said jaws, frames, or-slides and cutters.
The cutters in one reciprocating frame will pass between the cutters in the other
reciprocating frame of the pair of slides and cutters aforesaid, and between each
cutter a stop can be fixed, so that when the cutters are drawn from one another the
spikes will drop from between them.
In carrying this Invention into effect the bar or strip (rolled or formed to the
section of a complete spike, as above described) can be fed into the apparatus-from
one end, and when a certain number of spikes are cut therefrom, the operation can
be repeated until the whole bar is cut up, or an apparatus can be constructed to cut
up a whole bar into spikes at one operation.
In the accompanying Sheets of Drawings,-
Figure 1 is a front view of the machine in elevation.
Figure 2 is a plan, and Figure 3 is an,end view of the machine.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation as taken through the line X, Y, (Figures 2 and 5),
but showing the cam H, eccentric strap M, eccentric rods N. and L, and levers O, P,
in elevation.
Figure 5A is a horizontal section of the back half of the machine, as taken
through the dotted line V, W, (Figures 1 and 4), but showing the eccentric rod L
eccentric strap M, and shaft G, in plan instead of in section.
Figure 5B is a horizontal section of the front half of the machine, as taken through
the dotted line. T, U, (Figure 4).
Figure 6 is a transverse section of the machine, as taken through the dotted
line R, S, (Figures 4 and 5), but shewing the shaft G, cam J, eccentric strap K, and
wheel F, in outside elevation.
Figures 7 and 74 are enlarged views in plan of the cutters A¹ and B₁, and stops
S¹, S, for knocking out the spikes.
!
Figure 8 is a cross section of a rolled bar for a spike, with a serrated shank, and
Figure 9 is a side view of the serrated spike after it is cut off from the bar.
Figure 10 is a longitudinal section of a rolled bar for a spike, with a plain
shank; and Figure 11 is a side view of the plain spike after it is cut off from
the bar.
Figure 12 is a side view, and Fig. 13 is a longitudinal section, of a nail with a
plain shank.
-
i
Figure 14 is a side view; and Figure 15, a longitudinal section of a nail with a
serrated shank.
Figures 8 to 15. illustrate the forms of spikes and nails which can be easily
produced by the means and apparatus herein described.
In Figures 1 to 7 of the accompanying Drawings, A is the first motion shaft of
the machine; B is the first motion pinion driving the wheel C; D is the second

page_text: motion shaft of the machine, on which is fixed the pinion E, driving the wheel F
and the shaft G; on the shaft G are two cams H, J, and eccentric straps K and M,
and eccentric rods L and N; connected to the eccentric rods L and N are two
levers O and P, working on pivots Q and R, the upper ends of the said levers
actuating slides S and T in horizontal and opposite directions simultaneously.
In the slides S and T a series of cutters A and B are secured for the purpose of
cutting off the spikes from the rolled bar C¹, which is passed into the machine
through the bridle or guide F' until it touches the stop H, the said stop H' control-
ling the distance that the bar C₁ enters the machine. D' is a bracket upon which
an engine could be fixed to drive the machine (instead of employing the first-motion
driving pullies E', E",) in which case the first motion shaft A would be a cranked
axle instead of a straight axle, as shown.
The apparatus employed for cutting off or shearing the spikes or nails (from the
rolled bar), in which the frames and cutters do not reciprocate in the same plane,
will be constructed substantially as shown in Figures 16, 17, and 18 on Sheet 3
of the accompanying Drawings.
Figure 16 shows a front elevation of the machine.
Figure 17 shows an end elevation of the machine.
Figure 18 is a sectional elevation of the machine, as taken through the dotted
line Q', R, Figure 16.
J is a rod reciprocating horizontally; K' and K" are blocks sliding freely in a
slot in the end of the said rod J¹; L and L are two shafts, carrying the sets of
cutters N' and N", and the cover or stay plates M' and M"; O¹ is a guide or fore
plate, which guides the spike or nail bar between the two sets of cutters. The
shafts L and L receive a partial rotation in opposite directions simultaneously, by
cranks P and P", which said cranks are actuated by the slide blocks K' and Ki
reciprocating horizontally, the rods J¹ being actuated by any ordinary means and
appliances, such as a can or crank on a rotating shaft, or directly by a piston rod of
a steam cylinder.
In using the apparatus above described, the rolled bar C will be fed into the
machine sideways, as shown in Figure 18, so that the projection on the said rolled
bar will fit into the recess in one set of cutters. If the rolled bar has a projection
or projections on both sides, both sets of cutters will be recessed to receive the said
projections, and in working the machine the projections in the rolled bar will be
caused to enter the said recesses in both sets of cutters.
Having now described and ascertained in what manner my Invention is to be
or may be performed and carried into practical effect, I claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent,—
Firstly. Improvements in the manufacture of spikes, nails, and similar articles
(as illustrated by Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15), by rolling or otherwise
forming bars of the shape of the spike or nail in cross section, and cutting off the
spikes or nails from the said bar by an apparatus having two sets of cutters
reciprocating simultaneously in opposite directions, either in the same plane or
otherwise.
Secondly. The apparatus or machine herein-before firstly described and illustrated
in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 74, and the principal detail parts of the machine,
secondly described and illustrated in Figures 16, 17, and 18 of the accompanying
three Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Walter Dyson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.
GEORGE WALTER DYSON. (L.S.)