Improvements in or applicable to Apparatus for Heating by Electricity.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 13th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 10th Apr., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPI
ATION.
Improvements in or applicable to Apparatus for Heating by
Electricity.
I, EDWARD DAVIES of Plas Dinam, Llandinam, in the County of
Montgomery, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention, to be
as follows:-
The electric glow or incandescent lamp is and has been used for heating liquids
contained in a vessel having a cavity arranged to enclose the lamp, but the glass
bulb of the lamp soon becomes so hot as to cause it to fuse and to collapse
admitting the air, and thus destroying the lamp.
The object of my invention is to keep the glass bulb of the lamp as cool as
possible or below the temperature that will cause it to fuse, and yet convey
as much heat as possible from the lamp to the vessel which is to be warmed
or heated.
My invention consists in carrying out the above named object by the use of a
metallic cap which may be made of wire gauze this cap enclosing the glass bulb
of the lamp and coming within the interior of the space or vessel forming the
enclosing casing to which the heat is to be applied.
This cap effects this object, and I believe does so by conveying the heat away
from the glass bulb of the lamp and by enabling such heat to react on the interior
of the enclosing casing or vessel receiving the heat as the air surrounding the glass
bulb of the lamp is heated, and then gives up its heat to the surface of the enclosing
casing and is cooled thereby as it descends to pass through the gauze at the lower
part of the cap and again ascends as before, or a cooler supply of external air takes
its place which is heated on entering by the cap.
Thus the air in immediate contact with the glass bulb of the lamp is continually.
changed for a cooler air, the heated air passing upwards and above the cap to heat
the vessel.
This gauze cap may also intercept heat reflected from the sides of the enclosing
casing upon the glass lamp so that after a time the air in the enclosing casing on
the exterior of the cap is or may be the hottest and that inside the cap in contact
with the glass of the lamp, the coolest.
Several of these electric lamps (even such as are worn out for lighting purposes)
may be used for heating purposes arranged in any desired order and enclosed by
caps, or a multiple cap within a suitable casing and may be used for boiling liquids
or keeping liquids from freezing and for various other purposes where the lamps
are in either portable or stationary holders or arrangements.
Dated this Eighteenth der of May 1896
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.

page_text: Improvements in or applicable to Apparatus for Heating by
Electricity.
I, EDWARD DAVIES of Plas Dinam, Llandinam, in the County of
Montgomery, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The electric glow or incandescent lamp is and has been used for heating liquids
contained in a vessel having a cavity arranged to enclose the lamp, but the glass
bulb of the lamp soon becomes so hot as to cause it to fuse and collapse admitting
the air, and thus destroying the lamp.
The object of my invention is to keep the glass bulb of the lamp as cool as
possible or below the temperature that will cause it to fuse, and yet convey
as much heat as possible from the lamp to the vessel which is to be warmed
or heated.
My invention consists in carrying out the above named object by the use of
a metallic cap which may be made of wire gauze, this cap enclosing the glass bulb
of the lamp, and coming within the interior of the space or vessel forming the
enclosing casing to which the heat is to be applied.
This cap effects this object, and I believe does so by conveying the heat away
from the glass bulb of the lamp, and by enabling such heat to react on the interior
of the enclosing casing or vessel receiving the heat as the air surrounding the glass
bulb of the lamp is heated, and then gives up its heat to the surface of the
enclosing casing and is cooled thereby as it descends to pass through the gauze at
the lower part of the cap and again ascend as before, or a cooler supply of external
air takes its place which is heated on entering by the cap.
Thus the air in immediate contact with the glass bulb of the lamp is continually
chauged for a cooler air, the heated air passing upwards and above the cap to
heat the vessel.
This gauze cap may also intercept heat reflected from the sides of the enclosing
casing upon the glass lamp so that after a time the air in the enclosing casing on
the exterior of the cap is or may be the hottest, and that inside the cap in contact
with the glass of the lamp, the coolest.
Several of these electric lamps (even such as are worn out for lighting purposes)
may be used for heating purposes arranged in any desired order and enclosed by
caps, or a multiple cap within a suitable casing and may be used for boiling liquids
or keeping liquids from freezing and for various other purposes where the lamps
are in either portable or stationary bolders or arrangements.
Fig. 1, is a sectional elevation showing a kettle or vessel for containing the liquid
to be heated, and an electric glow lamp, and stand for the lamp and kettle.
Fig. 2, is a sectional elevation where several glow lamps may be used, and
Fig. 3, is a plan section at about the line A-B Fig. 2.
a, Fig. 1, is a metal ring to which a disc a', is secured by screws a³, and to which
disc a', a wood base a³, is attached in a hole in the centre of which there is a
bush a, of electric non-conducting composition is placed, into which the lower end
of a flanged tube b, is inserted and secured.
The lower part of this tube b, has a bottom b', to which vertical tubes 6³, are
secured for conducting studs 63, which have helical springs to force them upwards
to a certain extent.
These studs 63, are connected with the wires 6, one leading into, and the other
from the filament c', of the lamp c, such studs being insulated from each other.

page_text: the lamp c, fits the tube b, and is
of the studs 63, when pressed
as there are slight projections
The metal tube or hoop, at the lower end
held down correctly against the upper er s
downwards against them, and partly rot .ed,
on the side of the hoop c, that pass to slots in the tube, bayonet fixing
fashion.
This arrangement of the electric lamp and fixings to connect it with the
current supply through the wires b', are ordinary and well known.
From the metal base ring a, there are legs a, which are attached to another
metal ring a, for supporting the kettle over the lamp.
The kettle d, as will be seen, is made with a cavity d', in its bottom sufficiently
large to allow it to pass over the lamp c, and its covering, leaving a little clearance
between them.
The lamp c, has upon it the gauze (by preference) or other suitable thin metal
cape, which rests upon the lamp as shown.
If the cap is formed of thin sheet metal it has slits or perforations through
its sides.
Air can freely enter into the cavity d', in the kettle d, both within and without
the gauze or other metal cap e.
Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate my invention when two or more incandescent or glow
lamps are used, each of which may have a separate gauze or other suitable cap.
Seven lamps are supposed to be used in the example shown by Figs. 2 and 3.
The lamps c, shown in Figs. 2 and 3 are arranged in connection with holders b, and
arrangements for connection with the electric current conductors' b³, as explained
in reference to Fig. 1.
The current may be taken to and from each lamp c, in a variety of ways,
but as illustrated by Fig. 3, the conductors are connected with partial metallic
circles and 66, shown in dotted line, one partial circle 65, is connected with
say the ingoing studs 63, of the lamp, and the other with the outgoing studs 63, and
the centre lamp is connected by wires b', from the partial circles 65 and 66.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed-I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In heating by an electric glow or incandescent lamp, the combination of a
gauze or other suitable cap or covering coming between the exterior of the lamp
and the cavity of the kettle or surface of the vessel to be heated substantially as
and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated by Fig. 1, of the
drawings.
2. The combination of apparatus for heating liquids by incandescent or glow
lamps when a gauze or other suitable metal cap or covering is used substantially
as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
3. The combination of apparatus for heating by electric glow or incandescent
lamps when two or more lamps are used provided with gauze or other metal caps
or coverings substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and
illustrated by Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings.
Dated this Twelfth day of February 1897.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.