matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN HATS, CAPS, AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Thomas White at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th May
1863.
I, HENRY THOMAS WHITE, of Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex,
Accoutrement Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HATS, CAPS, AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD," to be
as follows:-
My Invention of "Improvements in Hats, Caps, and other Coverings for
the Head," consist in adapting a pad or lining to the hat or other covering for
the head in such a manner that the hat will not press on the forehead, as is
now the case. To this end I secure a pad, made of cork, felt; or other suitable
material, round the inside of the hat under the lining from one temple to the
other round the back of the head, leaving a space about equal to the width of
the forehead in front. By this means the hat or other covering is made to
fit the head all round, except at the front, there will therefore be no pressure
on the forehead, and a space will be left between that and the hat, so that air
can pass up into the interior of the hat, and thereby keep the head cool.
A COMBINED HOT-WATER AND HOT-AIR STOVE
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Corbett at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th December
1863.
I, JOHN CORBETT, of the City of Carlisle, in the County of Cumberland,
Whitesmith and Hot-water Apparatus Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "A COMBINED HOT-WATER AND HOT-AIR STOVE,"
to be as follows, that is to say: -
This Invention relates to the arrangement, construction, and combination
of iron pipes heated by hot water and a hot-air stove, which are applicable to
the heating of public and private buildings, and for similar purposes.
The arrangement of the stove consists of a fire-place of fire-clay tiles,
with an outer casing of cast or sheet iron. At the top of the stove is an
opening by which the fuel is supplied, and at the bottom the ashes are drawn
out by a door provided for that purpose. The flue passes over the top of the
back fire-clay tile and down between the same and the back part of the outer
casing underneath the iron bed plate, and so on into the chimney, or by other
arrangements the flue is taken out at the top or any of the sides.
are attached at the back for cleaning the flues.
Soot doors
The arrangement and combination of hot-water pipes in this stove consist
of a coil of strong malleable iron pipe, which is fixed in the fire-place so as to
be entirely surrounded by the fire. The top and bottom ends of this coil pipe
are continued through the side and outer casing of the stove and form a flow
and return pipe. These pipe ends are connected to tiers of cast-iron pipes

page_text: placed at the sides and back of the stove. These are so constructed as to
form a complete and perfect circulation of hot water through the coil of pipes
in the fire and the radiating tiers of cast-iron pipe at the sides and back
of the stove. There is also a connection made to the heating coil or the
radiating tiers of pipe to admit of laying down a range of iron piping for
heating any apartments at a distance from the stove, the same hot water
circulating through the whole. At the highest point of and connected with
the radiating tiers of pipe a cistern is placed for the purpose of supplying the
same with water, for the escape of air, and also as an expansion box for the
hot water. Portions of the lid or cover of this cistern are made to open so as
to emit vapour when required, and when closed forms a large heat radiating
surface. The whole of the above is enclosed in an ornamental cast or sheet
iron case perforated so as to allow the heated air to pass off from the stove
casing and radiating tiers of pipes. The top of this case is also perforated,
and has two moveable lids, which, when open, present two apertures, one for
supplying fuel, the other for supplying water.
In the foregoing outline of this Invention I have not entered into a descrip-
tion of the minor details, which I reserve a right to vary as required.
The principal feature in this Invention consists in the combination of hot
water and hot air in a stove as a means of producing a good and healthy
artificial heat.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING CENTRIFUGAL MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marcelin François Dorothé Cavalerie
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th October 1863.
I, MARCELIN FRANÇOIS DOROTHÉ CAVALERIE, of No. 10, Rue de la
Fidélité, Paris, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING CENTRIFUGAL MOTIVE
POWER," to be as follows, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in the construction of an apparatus in which two
iron balls or discs are attached to the two arms of a lever. These arms are
firmly keyed to an axis rotating in two moveable plumber blocks or bearings
sliding in the direction of the length of the framing. To the crank of the
axis a connecting rod is jointed, being itself attached to a pivot composed of
two parts bolted to the framing. A forked connecting rod is attached to each
side of the crank of an axis, on which is set a fly wheel. This axis turns in
bearings fixed on the said framing.
To work the apparatus motion is given to the fly wheel by any convenient
power. The movement of the fly wheel causes the intermittent motion of the
two moveable plumber blocks carrying the axis of the two pendulum balls or
discs which receive the circular motion from the two plumber blocks and
the connecting rod jointed to the axis of the crank. The quick and circular
motion of the discs produces a force of traction on the plumber blocks
according to the ratio of the increased velocity of the discs, and this force being
constantly added to the rotative motion of the fly wheel the initiating power is
suppressed, and the machine works from its own centrifugal momentum.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CUTTING SLATE
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Augustus Пuddart at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th May 1868.
I, GEORGE AUGUSTUS HUDDART, of Brynkir, in the County of Caernarvon,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR CUTTING SLATE," to bo as follows:-
My Invention of improved apparatus for cutting slate relates to cutting or
dividing thick slabs or blocks of slate. The improved apparatus consists of a
machine in which a cutting or planing tool of peculiar form or construction is
made to pass over the slab and cut a deep groove therein.
In carrying out my Invention I find it convenient and advisable to operate
with two cutting tools simultaneously, one to act on the top side, and the other
on the bottom side of the slab or block, so that a groove will be cut on each
side of the slab opposite to each other. In practice it will not be found neces-
sary to cut entirely through the slab, as if the slab be cut about half way through
it may be easily broken in the line of the grooves, thereby economising labour
and time, but if desired the tools may be mado to cut entirely through, either
from the top side, or from both sides simultaneously. The cutting tool is
composed of a number of irons assembled together, and secured in a holder or
clamp with their cutting edges set in advance of one another, so that the first
iron should take only a very thin film off, the second a little more, the third
would go deeper still, and so on according to the number of separate irons of
which the tool is composed. In the machines now in use for sawing slate tho

page_text: slabs or blocks are made to travel up to the saw, which simply rotates on its
axis. In adapting my Invention to machines of this kind, I have simply to
remove the saw and substitute my improved cutters, and by bringing the slabs
forward to the cutter the grooves will be cut therein, as before mentioned. In
constructing new machines the cutting tools may be made to travel while the
slabs or blocks of slate remain stationary. I also proposo in some cases to
employ a double set of cutting tools, one of which will act in one direction,
and the other in the opposite direction that is on the return. In order to
enable the machine to act on slabs or blocks of varying thickness, the holder
or clamp in which the cutting tools are secured may be made adjustable in a
vertical direction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Roberts at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th July
1863.
I, WILLIAM ROBERTS, of Lylands, Twyford, near Winchester, in the County
of Hants, Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS," to be as follows:-
My improvements in ploughs relate to the construction and conformation
of the frame. It is formed by forging the left handle of the plough and the
fore part of the frame in one piece of wrought iron, which carries the share,
nose, and ear for breast bolt.
C,
In Fig. 1, a shows the share nose; b, the ear for breast bolt; and the
mortise for receiving the beam; Fig. 2 shows the conformation of the whole.
The beam d is simply another piece of wrought iron curved at one end, so as
to form the after part of the frame. It fits into the mortise in the handle, and
is held in its place between the two handles by three bolts, which hold the
whole together, as seen at 61, 6. A stout slade e, either of wrought or cast
iron, completes the frame, which is in the shape of a triangle of great strength.
The breast couplings can be attached either to the right handle at f, or to the
after part of the beam.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES AND FIRE-PLACES APPLICABLE TO THE HEATING OF STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Brown Wilson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th September
1863.
I, EDWARD BROWN WILSON, of 5, Parliament Street, in the City of West-
minster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the naturo of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES AND FIRE-PLACES APPLICABLE TO THE HEATING OF
STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER PURPOSES," as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain peculiar constructions and arrangements of
furnaces or fire-places, applicable either to the heating of steam boilers and
the warming of buildings or apartments.
According to this Invention it is proposed to employ a down-draught in
furnaces or fire-places of the description above referred to, the fuel being
caused to burn from the surface downwards.
In applying this Invention to a locomotive engine a transverse midfeather
descends to within about nine inches from the bottom of the fire-box, which
consists of a closed water space in lieu of fire-bars, and is provided with a.
man-hole, for the purpose of cleaning out the same. The front part of the
fire-box forms the receptacle for the fuel, the fire-door being situate at the
upper part or top of the fire-box. The part behind the midfeather, that is,
between the midfeather and the tubes, forms a combustion chamber, the fire-
box being extended or not into the barrel of the boiler, as desired. Air.
heated or otherwise is supplied to the surface of the fuel by means of a pipe
or pipes provided with a trumpet mouth; this pipe or pipes may in some
cases be brought through the smoke box, so that the air as it passes through

page_text: it may become heated. A supply of hot or cold air is also introduced into the
combustion chamber by means of tubular stays or otherwise, whereby a perfect
combustion of the gases takes place. The supply of air in all cases is regulated
by suitable valves or dampers. In some cases I propose to introduce the air
at different levels below the surface of the fuel in order to keep a larger
amount of fuel in a state of incandescence.
The same arrangement of fuel chamber and combustion chamber divided
by a transverse midfeather is equally applicable to stationary and marine
engine boiler furnaces.
As applied to an ordinary fire-place for warming buildings or apartments
the front part of the fire-place is divided from the back part by a partition
descending to within a few inches of the bottom of the plate, which in this
case is scaled or closed in place of being formed of grate bars. In the back
chamber the fuel is deposited, and is burned from the surface downwards, the
gases passing under the partition into the front or combustion chamber where
they are consumed. The down-draught is obtained from the ordinary flue or
vent, which communicates with the combustion chamber from below or at the
sides. The supply of air to the combustion chamber is regulated by a valve
or damper.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SAWING WOOD, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Hughes Jackson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
August 1863.
I, RICHARD HUGHES JACKSON, of the Olive Branch Works, Meadow
Lane, Leeds, in the County of York, Tool Maker and Machinist, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR SAWING WOOD, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in combining together the following mechanism
whereby it is rendered applicable for cutting curved work, or for cutting in
a sloping direction by means of a vertical saw instead of only being able to
make a straight cut with such said saw as has heretofore been the case with
sawing machines constructed with vertical saws.
I now proceed to describe the improved machinery constituting this Inven-
tion as follows:-To a suitable framing, and at the top or table thereof, I fix
a bent casting, the upper end whereof is formed open to receive a guide roller,
said roller being attached to a horizontal lever connected by its other end to a
vertical rocking bar, the lower end of said bar being connected by a pin to a
casting fixed to the top or table of the framing aforesaid. Another similar
horizontal lever and rocking bar is placed under the top or table aforesaid, and
the two levers are connected together by a forked stretcher rod, the lower lever
aforesaid having a roller affixed thereto working in a suitable guide piece; a
vertical saw blade is connected to the outer end of each of the levers aforesaid
and secured at top by a spring to compensate for expansion and contraction

page_text: of the saw blade; the lowermost lever aforesaid is connected by a rod to a
crank fixed on a short shaft, on which is also fixed a fly wheel and spur wheel,
the latter gearing into another larger spur wheel, on the spindle of which a
handle or pulley is fixed for imparting motion thereto.
IMPROVEMENTS IN POLISHING OR GIVING A LUSTRE TO SOAP, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SUCH PROCESS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Davies at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd March
1863. A communication fron abroad by Adolphe Dupuis, of Paris, in
the Empire of France, Chemist.
I, GEORGE DAVIES, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County of
Middlesex, and No. 28, St. Enoch Square, in the City of Glasgow, Civil
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN POLISHING OR GIVING A LUSTRE TO SOAP, AND IN THE
APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SUCH PROCESS," (a communication to me from abroad
by Adolphe Dupuis, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Chemist,) to be as
follows:-
The principal essential feature of this Invention consists in the employment
of steam either pure or charged with some perfume which it takes up on
passing through a fabric or fabrics impregnated with purfume or aromatic
substances; this steam is brought into contact with the toilet or other soap
either before or after moulding, in order to effect the polishing of the surface
thereof.
This employment of steam either pure or perfumed constitutes a new
operation in the manufacture of soap, to which the Inventor gives the name
of "steaming the soap."
The action of the steam causes instantly on the surface of the squares,
tablets, or pieces of soap the transformation of the superficial layer more or
less deeply affected into a super-oleo-margarate or a super-oleo-stearo-marga-
rate of soda, according to the fatty matters employed. This super-salt sub-

page_text: sequently spread over the surface by wiping with a damp linen cloth, closes in
the best possible manner all the pores on the steamed surface like varnish,
and assumes at the same time a very lustrous and brilliant appearance by the
joint action of dessiccation carried to a suitable degree, and followed by the
operation of moulding under pressure. This process of polishing soap com-
municates to the same a most brilliant lustre, more promptly and economically
obtained than by any other process hitherto known.
The apparatus which it is proposed to employ for this process of "steaming
the soap," consists principally of a closed vessel furnished with perforated trays
for containing the squares, tablets, or pieces of soap, and provided with per-
forated pipes for admitting and distributing the steam.
As before stated the steam may be either used pure or perfumed by passing
the same (previously to its entering the vessel) through fabrics saturated or
impregnated with perfumes or aromatic substances.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING, SUITABLE FOR ADVER- TISERS' PURPOSES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hamilton at the Office
of, the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th March
1868.
I, WILLIAM HAMILTON, of 13, Paternoster Row, in the City of London,
Advertising Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING, SUITABLE FOR ADVER-
TISERS' PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in arranging and printing or otherwise exhibiting
on a board or other surface the names and titles of the several newspapers or
other media for advertising in alphabetical or other order. In juxtaposition
to each of these names, it may be in the margin of the board or placard, a
series of concentric discs or rings are placed, one of which is inscribed on the
surface and is stationary, the others rotate on an axis. On the stationary
ones are inscribed the months of the year, and on each of two inner circles I
inscribe numerals corresponding to the days of the month, as in an ordinary
calendar, and each reading to 31. On another and inner disc are inscribed
the numbers of insertions for advertisements, such as 6, 13, 26, 52, and others.
This, again, is covered by another disc having a notch cut in it to expose only
one number at a time. On the central axis are disposed two hands like the
hands of a clock, or they may project from intermediate axes placed on same
axis. In ordinary insertions of advertisements the one hand is turned to the
month and date of giving the order or first insertion, and the other is turned
to the month and date of expiring or last insertion, opposite to each and all of

page_text: the names of the papers for which the advertisement is given and the number
of insertions at same time exhibited, thus will be seen at a glance the several
conditions of all advertisements. The circular calendar apparatus appears as
so many annular surfaces on the board or surface on which this information
is registered.
Instead of the whole of the newspapers and other advertising media being
exbibited of course only one, two, or other suitable number may be shown,
and together with the calendar may be printed; but when a large number are
required to be embraced in one apparatus without rendering it of inconvenient
size, and when registrations in respect to all papers are not required, I arrange
the names of the several papers or advertising media on slides, which may be
slid behind one another, say, to the extent of eight, ten, or more, and only
exhibit in front the names required, and in juxtaposition to the rotating parts.
For the apparatus, as first described, ordinary cardboards printed on will answer
the purpose, but for this latter I prefer to make it more substantial, say, of
wood or other material, and the rotating parts of metal.
Instead of the calendar or registering parts being made to rotate they may
be arranged in the form of slides and markers to answer a like purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TWISTING OR DOUBLING YARNS OF WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Farrar at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th April
1863.
I, JAMES FARRAR, of Halifax, in the County of York, Machine Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TWISTING OR DOUBLING YARNS OF WOOL OR OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to machinery having rotary spindles, and the improve-
ments consist,-
Firstly, in having bushes fixed to the spindle rails or copping rails which
project upward sufficient to pass through the bobbins which are placed
thereon. The spindles pass through these bushes and are thereby held
steady.
Secondly, the improvements consist in having a ring fixed on the arms of
each flyer to prevent expansion thereof when run at high speeds. The
"tweezles" may be fixed in this ring or be formed on the arms as at present.
AN IMPROVED COMBINATION OF MATERIALS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR THE PURPOSES OF SIZEING AND STIPPENING
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Place, at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th June 1863.
I, JOSEPH PLACE, of Hoddlesden, in the County of Lancaster, Spinner
and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED COMBINATION OF MATERIALS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR THE PURPOSES OF
SIZEING AND STIPPENING," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the production of a material to form an economical
substitute for flour size; and to be used for sizeing or stiffening warps, yarns,
threads, or textile fabrics, and consists in the combination and admixture of
kaolin or China clay, with sago, or the amylaceous portions thereof, the pro-
portions in which the components are to be mixed being regulated by the
amount of stiffness required to be imparted; for instance, when great
stiffness is required the amylaceous portion should be in excess, and the China
clay must predominate if less stiffness be required.
IMPROVED EQUILIBRIUM VALVES FOR STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Needham and James
Pollitt at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 28th October 1868.
We, RICHARD NEEDHAM, of Dukinfield, in the County of Chester, and
JAMES POLLITT, of Heywood, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED EQUILIBRIUM
VALVES FOR STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in employing a valve and piston on one rod instead
of the double valve as at present. The valve seating is made to correspond
with the valve, and the piston works in a ring or cylinder, so that when steam
or other agent is admitted between the valve and piston, the equilibrium of
the two will be in proportion to the areas of their respective surfaces. By
this arrangement the valve works with great steadiness, and is certain of
being tight, for whatever may be the expansion or contraction of the parts the
piston will rise and fall in the ring or cylinder and accommodate the valve.
In some cases we make the piston stationary, and place it in a ring or
cylinder in the shell of the valve, which arrangement is an improvement upon
the present Cornish valve, and enables it to be tight whatever may be the
expansion or contraction of the valve and seating.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
October 1863. A communication from abroad by Walter Davis Richards,
of Boston, in the United States of America.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN SEWING MACHINES," to
be as follows:-
This Invention of an improvement in sewing machines relates to an.
improvement upon the presser bar plate or foot, which holds down the cloth
or work while the needle is passing through.
The improvement consists in making on the under side of that part of the
presser bar plate or foot through which the vertical needle passes, a groove or
recess, which will prevent the foot from pressing too much on that particular
point of the work. By this construction of presser foot the workman is
enabled to turn the work to any angle without the necessity of raising the
pressure foot therefrom as heretofore, and without the risk of deranging the
loop.
MACHINERY FOR PRINTING SEVERAL COLOURS IN SUCCESSION ON THE SAME SURFACE
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Martin Moeglen at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th January
1863.
I, MARTIN MOEGLEN, of Cernay, in the French Empire, Mechanist, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "MACHINERY FOR
PRINTING SEVERAL COLOURS IN SUCCESSION ON THE SAME SURFACE," to be as
follows:-
This machinery consists of as many different rolls as there are to be colours
in the patterns to be printed on the fabric. Each roll has engraved on it, or
otherwise carries the design it is to print. A separate colouring roller and
apparatus for distributing the color is provided for each of the printing rolls,
as also a clothed roller for pressing the fabric against it.
The fabric to be printed is first rolled upon a roller fitted at one end of the
machine; it is drawn over a guide roller, then between the first printing roll,
and its pressing roller, whereby the design on such printing roll is printed, say,
in blue; the fabric is then drawn between the second printing roll and its
pressing roller, when, upon another part of the fabric not covered by the
previous color, the design upon the second printing roller is printed in a
different colour, say red, and so on in succession to receive impression from
as many printing rolls as there are different colours in the pattern to be
printed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BEATING MATS, RUGS, AND OTHER SUCH LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert Pennington at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st January
1863.
I, ALBERT PENNINGTON, of No. 1, Rectory Villas, West Hackney, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BEATING MATS, RUGS, AND OTHER SUCH LIKE
ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for beating
mats, rugs, and other such like articles. For these purposes a rectangular
box or case is employed, of a length and width depending on the sizes of the
mats, rugs, or other like articles to be beaten. Near the upper part of this
box or case is a partition, by preference horizontal, and made with iron
hooping, crossed or interlaced, so as to produce a reticulated partition. Or
the reticulate partition may be made of other suitable material, and in any
other convenient manner. Below the horizontal partition is a chamber or
bin, in which the dust which is beaten out from the mats, rugs, or other like
articles is received, and such dust is from time to time to be removed from
the lower chamber or bin, which is made with a door, or is otherwise con-
veniently arranged to admit of the dust being readily removed from below the
reticulate partition. The upper part of the box or case is covered over by a
hinged lid or other suitable cover, below which is a strong canvass or other
close woven or flexible fabric cover, which is, by preference, arranged to be
wound on a roller when out of use. In using this apparatus the hinged or upper

page_text: cover or lid is opened or removed, the mat, rug, or other like article is to be
placed with its upper surface or face downwards on the reticulate partition,
the canvass cover is to be drawn over the mat, rug, or other article, and over
the reticulate partition, in order that no dust may be permitted to rise when the
mat, rug, or other article is being beaten by a stick, cane, or other suitable
beater.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF CONSTRUCTING THE ARMOUR OF VESSELS OF WAR
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Archibald Hamilton Bell and
Valentine Græme Bell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 31st March 1863.
We, ARCHIBALD HAMILTON BELL, of Dover, in the County of Kent, Lieu-
tenant in the Royal Artillery, and VALENTINE GRÆEME BELL, of Woburn Place,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF CONSTRUCTING THE ARMOUR OF
VESSELS OF WAR," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is, first, to provide the bulls of vessels of war
with a shot-proof covering of greater resisting power than has heretofore been
obtained without the use of a greater weight of metal than can be applied, due
regard being had to the buoyancy of the vessel; and, secondly, to strengthen
the hull of the vessel by means of the armour covering and its supports.
In carrying out this Invention we form the shot-proof covering of alternate
lines of iron and wood, the interposed lines of timber being sufficiently narrow
to ensure the adjacent iron bars intercepting any heavy shot that may strike
the wood. The lines of iron are divided into bars of a convenient length.
These bars are furnished at the back with projections welded on to them,
which, in pairs, form jaws of a dovetailed shape at equal distances apart.
Vertical ribs of the form hereafter described are let into the timber backing
between the skin of the vessel and the armour, so that their exterior surfaces
shall be flush with the front of the backing at intervals corresponding with the
jaws on the armour bars. These ribs carry alternately on their face throughout

page_text: their length a dovetailed form, in cross section, corresponding in length with
the depth of the iron bars, and for a length equal to the space between the
iron bars a flange with parallel faces. The dovetailed projections fit into
the jaws of the armour bars, and the spaces between these projections allow
of the jaws on the armour bars passing freely on and off the vertical ribs. The
vertical ribs being fixed in their places and secured to the framework of the
vessel by bolts the armour bars are inserted in the spaces left for that purpose
in the verticals and lowered down until the jaws clip the dovetailed portions
of the ribs, the intermediate timbers being built up alternately with the iron
bars. Keys which clip the vertical ribs are driven in between the lines of
bars, securing them firmly in their positions. The armour bars are arranged
so as to break joint one above the other, by which means the armour becomes
a self-supporting structure round the vessel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Marsden and Francis
Henry Stubbs at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 24th December 1863.
We, WILLIAM MARSDEN, of Soho Foundry, Leeds, in the County of York,
Iron Founder, and FRANCIS HENRY STUBBS, of Leeds, aforesaid, Mechanical
Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to cause greater adhesion of the wheels or
to increase the tractive power of locomotive engines, whether employed on
rails or common roads, and in such manner or by such means that the driver
may be enabled to apply and regulate the application of such increase of power
more or less as may be required.
These improvements consist in applying to a locomotive engine a lever or
levers, to which may be applied portable and adjustable weight or weights,
the fulcrum being in any convenient part of the framing thereof. The weight
employed may be the tender, or a portable weight or weights carried thereby,
or water from the tank may be employed, or a spring or springs attached to
the tender may be applied to the said lever or levers. The said weight or
weights may be brought into action on the said lever or levers by other levers
and connecting rods and screws or segment wheel and worm shaft so applied

page_text: and arranged as to be actuated by a hand wheel. By these means
appliances additional weight may be placed on the engine, consequently pro-
ducing greater adhesion of the wheels to the rails or road, or increased
tractive power to such engines.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY SIGNALS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Daniel Chattaway at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
January 1868.
I, EDWIN DANIEL CHATTAWAY, of No. 1, New Broad Street, in the City
of London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY SIGNALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in railway signals, and consists,
firstly, in adapting the cord and bell or cord and whistle arrangement or
signal at present in use for enabling the guard of a train to communicate with
the engine driver so as at the will of the guard to convert such arrangement
into an electro-galvanic or electro-magnetic signal. This I propose to effect
by enclosing copper or other suitable wire or wires properly insulated in the
cord of the arrangement before referred to, and connecting the same with a
galvanic battery or magnetic apparatus in the guard's van.
Secondly, in constructing railway semaphore and other similar signals of
sheet' iron, either coated or not coated with vitreous enamel or other
similar material.
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTIONS OF ARCHES AND OTHER LIKE STRUCTURES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ignatius Bonomi at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd October
1863.
I, IGNATIUS BONOMI, of No. 36, Blandford Square, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTIONS OF ARCHES AND OTHER LIKE STRUCTURES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the constructions of
arches and other like structures. The brick, for the exclusive employment
of which in the manner to be described and exhibited by Diagrams, the
protection of a Provisional Patent is sought may bear different names to
conform with the prevailing form it is made to assume, viz., fluted and
reeded, grooved and filleted, spine and hollow, rebated and tongued, or wavy
brick.
Whatever the description of surfaces adopted, these bricks combine on
opposite sides corresponding prominences and depressions, and may be made
of any building material, and be shaped to any curve or radius when
"voussoirs" are employed, and also made into ridge bricks of clay or other
material.
A great advantage is obtained by the use of these bricks in diminishing
the lateral thrust of arched surfaces, the wedge-like pressure resulting from
ordinary vaults upon the sustaining walls, being almost if not totally avoided
by the method in which it is proposed to use them, viz., by constructing arches

page_text: in concentric planes at right angles to the sustaining walls instead of in hori-
zontal planes parallel thereto. Thin walling of these bricks is more firm than
that of ordinary bricks.
Where wide surfaces are to be arched over, these bricks may be made
proportionally deeper, or the arching may be executed in rings superim-
posed, so that extreme width of space to be arched does not prevent their
⚫use.
If formed of very good clay, or of hard material, these bricks may be per-
forated to insure lightness.
The accompanying Diagrams exhibit some of the forms which these bricks
may take in conformity with the principle of arched construction, on which
their applicability is described as depending for accomplishing the purposes
specified, viz., that of arching surfaces with little or no lateral pressure
and of covering spaces in the manner indicated by the Diagrams above
referred to.
A claim is made for this adaptation of the bricks, of whatever varied form
they may be when so specially applied.
Several instances are exhibited of the principle adopted and practice
followed in using these bricks, the vaulting being as before stated formed
of a series of concentric planes of bricks at right angles to the side walls
of support, instead of running parallel thereto as is usual in ordinary
vaulting.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BUTTONS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Hinks and James Newman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 24th April 1863.
We, JAMES HINKS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, and JAMES NEWMAN, of Birmingham aforesaid, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF BUTTONS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists, firstly, in manufacturing the buttons commonly
called four-hole buttons or brace buttons and other buttons in the following
manner: We cut out the blanks from which we make the said buttons from
tin plate which has been planished by rolls, or by the process called wheeling,
and afterwards polished and burnished, and we make up the buttons from the
said blanks in the usual way. The burnishing may be deferred until the
parts of the button have been put together, when the buttons may be burnished
by the ordinary burnishing process. Buttons made according to this part of
our Invention have the appearance of plated or silver buttons. By tin plate
we mean plates of iron which have been tinned or coated with an alloy
consisting mainly of tin. The preparation of the surface of the tin plate may
either be restricted to that side of the plate which forms the exterior of tho
finished button or both sides of the tin plate may be prepared in the way
described. This part of our Invention is especially applicable to the manu-
fucture of four-hole or brace buttons, but may also be applied to the manu-
facture of other metallic buttons which require to have a white or silver-like
anncarance.

page_text: Our Invention consists, secondly, in manufacturing buttons of the kind
called sewn-through buttons in the following manner:-In the ordinary
method of manufacturing the said buttons they are made of a trough-like
metallic ring or shell, on the convex side of which the disc of fabric is placed.
The edge of the fabric is gathered into the trough on the concave side of the
shell and closed therein by closing tools. By our improvements we support
the fabric in the following manner:-We make the trough-like ring or shell
with a rim or elevation on the convex side; the said rim or elevation is on
the extreme edge, and forms a recess on the convex side, into which a per-
forated metal disc can be placed, having piercings or holes through which
the needle is passed in sewing the button to a garment. Or instead of a
perforated metal disc a piece of wire bent so as to make a series of cross-like
arms may be placed in the recess. The covering of the shell with the linen
or other fabric is effected in the ordinary way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING CANADIAN PETROLEUM AND OTHER MINERAL OILS OF A SIMILAR NATURE
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Nicholas at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th October
1863.
I, JAMES NICHOLAS, of Newton, in the County of Lancaster, Oil Refiner,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING
CANADIAN PETROLEUM AND OTHER MINERAL OILS OF A SIMILAR NATURE," to be as
follows:-
treating Canadian
The crude oil is
added; it is then
settled, when the
This Invention has for its object improvements in
petroleum and other mineral oils of a similar nature.
agitated with ammonia, and whilst in agitation lime is
allowed to rest until the mixtures and impurities have
products are run into another tank, and washed well with sulphuric acid. This
and the foregoing processes are repeated if necessary. The product is then
washed with pyrolignous acid, and after this acid has settled out the product
is run into another tank, and lime is added in sufficient quantities to neutralize
the acids. The lime is then precipitated with water, and the product is
allowed to clear; it is then ready for the market. By these means the
products are rendered as innoxious and as valuable as the products of
Pennsylvanian or other similar oils.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NUTS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 11th December 1863.-A communication from abroad by Jean
François Fuzellier Leger, residing at Nouzon, France.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NUTS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in manufacturing nuts entirely by machinery while
the metal of which the nuts are made is hot. I proceed as follows:-
First operation.-If six sided nuts are to be made I roll a bar of iron hot
between rolls which turn out the bar hexagonal in cross section, with the
angles exaggerated in order that the nut after undergoing the various
processes hereafter described may preserve the angles sharp and clean.
Second operation.-I submit the hexagonal bar hot to be divided trans-
versely by circular saws separated from each other a distance equal to the
height of the intended nuts. Where the end of the bar requires dressing I
use a circular revolving rasp.
Third operation.-1 next mould the blocks separated as last described by
submitting them while hot to a press for the purpose of shaping the curved
head, and of getting rid of the excess at the corners or angles.
Fourth operation. The central hole is now formed by a strong punch.
Price 4s 6d

page_text: And, fifth operation.-The nut is finished by being threaded, and is ready
The same process is applicable for four sided and for round nuts ;
the bar is rolled in the first instance quadrangular, and in the latter circular
in cross section.
AN IMPROVED MECHANISM FOR REGULATING THE WORKING OF SPRINGS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Tolhausen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
October 1863. A communication from abroad by Georges Badaul, a
Merchant residing in the Town of St. Etienne, France.
I, FREDERICK TOLHAUSEN, of No. 17, Faubourg Montmartre, Paris, but
now of No. 12, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, Patent Agent,
(London,) do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MECHANISM FOR REGULATING THE WORKING OF SPRINGS," a commu-
nication, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a mechanism or apparatus which I would call a
spring regulator, and which is intended to regulate the joint and separate
reactive effects of two or more springs working together, such as in carriages.
By this contrivance the shaking, rolling, and oscillation of carriages arising
from any cause whatever is greatly diminished, and thereby ease and comfort
secured even on bad roads. The plan adopted for this purpose consists in so
joining or uniting the two carriage springs that are at the end of the axle that
their motions shall be conjoint or united into one effect without thereby affecting
the elasticity of these springs.
The mode of carrying this Invention into effect is by placing two bars
forming a cross section between the two springs. At the end of each bar
pulleys or castors are placed, which rest and work in recesses in the axle or in
the cross bar uniting the two springs in the present devices. The two bars

page_text: aforesaid are not rigidly united, but are free to move like the arms of a pair of
scissors, so as to allow their opening more or less, the castors, above mentioned,
allowing this variation to take place. Thus it will be understood that by the
use of these yielding crossed bars, whatever pressure is exerted on one spring
the same is exerted on its fellow in such manner as to obviate to a great
extent the rolling or side motion. The same device may be usefully applied
to elastic or spring mattresses, or to any other case in which the power of two
springs has to be balanced and made co-operating.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF DRYING AND BURNING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER ARTICLES, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF THE HEAT FROM THE KILNS TO BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Duckett at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th December
1863.
County of Lancaster, Contractor
nature of the said Invention for
FURNACES, FLUES, AND KILNS FOR
I, JAMES DUCKETT, of Burnley, in the
and Brickmaker, do hereby declare the
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF
DRYING AND BURNING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER ARTICLES, AND IN THE
APPLICATION OF THE HEAT FROM THE KILNS TO BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the combination of two or more kilns for burning
bricks, tiles, and other articles, which kilns are connected together and to the
furnaces or flues of one or more steam boilers and to the drying shed and to the
chimney by flues furnished with dampers. When the bricks or other articles in
the first kiln have been burnt, the dampers are opened to admit the products of
combustion and heat from the top of the first to the top of the second kiln, and
then from the second to the third kiln, or the heat from the kilns may be taken
through the flues to the steam boiler or boilers, from whence it passes through
a series of flues under the floor of the shed to the chimney, or the heat may be
conveyed direct from the kilns to the series of flues in the shed, or partly to the
boilers and partly to the shed, or direct to the chimney. By thus conveying

page_text: the products of combustion from the kilns to the furnaces of the boilers, or to
the furnaces for heating the shed, and thence to the chimney, a powerful
draught is obtained which enables me to consume the cheapest refuse of coal
or slack instead of good coal as now customary.
ALBUM BELT
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Brierley and Barzillai
Greenwood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 17th March 1863.
We, JOHN HENRY BRIERLEY, of 58, Aldermanbury, London, and Beech Hill
Mills, Halifax, Yorks., and BARZILLAI GREENWOOD, of 5, Church Road, New
Cross, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
ALBUM BELT," to be as follows:-
Having cut a piece of leather or any other material to the requisite
dimensions or size for a lady's or a boy's belt, we cut out pieces of the material
and insert in the place from which the material has been cut any selection of
photographs, say, "The Royal Family," or any persons of distinction, and
afterwards complete the manufacture of the belt in the usual manner; or
having by means of a die and an embossing press embossed the belt at certain
distances, we insert or attach the photographs to the embossed portion of the
belt by means of gum, paste, or glue, or any solution of the like nature.