IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF FORMING MOULDS FOR CASTINGS, AND IN APPARATUS "THEREFOR
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF
FORMING MOULDS FOR CASTINGS, AND IN APPARATUS "THEREFOR." A com-
munication from abroad by Henry J. Hand, of Philadelphia, United States
of America, Merchant.
.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th August 1880.
"
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MODE OF FORMING MOULDS FOR CASTINGS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR.'
A communication from abroad by Henry J. Hand, of Philadelphia, United States of
America, Merchant.
This Invention relates to that class of moulds formed of sand rammed around a
pattern, which pattern is afterwards drawn or retracted by a guiding or guided
mechanism, and has for its object a greater facility of evenly and uniformly
ramming the mould, of effectively venting the mould, and more uniform strength
or resistance of the mould to straining from the presence of the molten metal, so
that the castings produced are of more nearly accurate geometric form.
The Invention consists in the application of a frame or flask containing one or
more chambers, whose walls are equidistant from the pattern, and provided with
grooves or recesses in which sand is placed, not so tightly rammed as in the body
of the mould, and in which grooves blades or tapering needles work in forming
vent channels; also in combining the venting needles or blades with the mechanism
for drawing or retracting the pattern, and lastly in the employment in conjunction
with a flask, pattern, and needles as above stated of a mixture of sand and
agglutinating fluid, which when dried after the withdrawal of the pattern presents
a smooth accurately shaped hard surface to the molten metal.
The flask is preferably made of metal, and rests upon a metal plate, where it is
held in position by dowel pins and lugs. The said base plate is provided with
apertures for the pattern and for the vent needles, which can be inserted from the
bottom by means of a rack and pinion, sector, cam, or other suitable mechanism.
A multiple or cluster mould may be made on the same principle for several patterns,
which are withdrawn simultaneously..

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th
February 1881.
33
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MODE OF FORMING MOULDS FOR CASTINGS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
A communication from abroad by Henry J. Hand, of Philadelphia, United States of
America, Merchant.
This Invention relates to that class of moulds formed of sand rammed around a
pattern, which pattern is afterwards drawn or retracted by a guiding or guided
mechanism, and has for its object a greater facility of evenly and uniformly
ramming the mould, of effectively venting the mould, and more uniform strength
of resistance of the mould to straining from the pressure of the inolten metal, so
that the castings produced are of more nearly accurate geometric form.
The nature of this Invention consists in making moulds of sand in flasks, which
support the rammed sand contiguous to the pattern, and venting the gas through
loose sand in pickets or recesses in which sand is placed, but not tightly rammed,
as in the body of the mould, and in which grooves blades or tapering needles
work in forming vent channels; also in combining the venting needles or blades
with the mechanism for drawing or retracting the pattern, and lastly in the
employment in conjunction with a flask, pattern, and needles as above stated of a
mixture of sand and agglutinating fluid, which when dried after the withdrawal
of the pattern presents a smooth accurately shaped hard surface to the molten
metal.
I will now proceed more particularly to describe this Invention, referring in so
doing to the Drawing annexed, and the letters of reference marked thereon.
Figure 1 shows a plan of the flask, pattern, and moulding machine when
empty.
Figure 2 shows a vertical section of the machine and flask with the pattern and
sand contained therein.
Figure 3 shows a vertical section of the machine with the flask after pattern
has been rammed up, and the pattern withdrawn with the long blades therefrom,
and
Figure 4 shows a vertical section of a completed mould containing the core
ready to be "pinned off" or filled with molten metal.
Figures 5, 6, and 7 show plans of multiple mould or moulds containing clusters
of patterns which may be used in casting small articles.
The same letters of reference apply to the same parts in the several Figures.
A represents the pattern; B, the metallic frame or flask which surrounds it,
having its side equidistant at all points from the pattern A, and having grooves or
channels C formed with their open sides D toward the pattern A; E is the sand
mixed with an agglutinating fluid; F are tapering venting blades or needles, the
smaller ends of which are upward; G is a horizontal plate, upon which the bottom
of the flask B rests, and in which it is held in position by dowel pins H and
lugs J.
Through the plate G are apertures, in which accurately fit the pattern A and
needles F when up, and through which they can be dropped or withdrawn.
The pattern A and needles F are fastened at their lower ends to a frame K
working smoothly and accurately in a vertical direction in guides L and M by a
lever N and link O.; or it may be raised by a rack and pinion, a toothed sector or
segment, or a cam.

page_text: The apparatus is operated in the following manner :- -The flask F is placed in
position with the lugs J upon the dowel pins H, and the pattern A and needles F
are raised and held up in the position shown in Figure 2; sand is then filled into
the flask and rammed evenly therein by a rammer, whose sides are shaped to
conform to the curve of the internal surface of the flask B, the pattern and needles
then withdrawn by lowering the frame K, leaving sand in the mould compactly
and evenly pressed in the shape of the pattern, whilst the sand in the grooves or
channels is looser and more open, and has channels or vent passages extending from
the under side of the mould up through it. The mould and flask containing it
are then removed and dried, after which a core O is placed in it, as shown in
Figure 4.
The multiple or cluster moulds are of similar construction, and merely a means
of avoiding the large amount of work incident to the making of castings singly,
the patterns and casting needles being withdrawn simultaneously from all of the
moulds.
Having described this Invention, and the mode of operating the same, what I
claim therein as new and useful is,―
1st. The method of forming moulds, which consists in ramming the sand
contiguous to the pattern, and venting through the exterior unrammed sand,
substantially as set forth.
2nd. The flask B provided with channels C for retaining sand without the reach
of the rammer in moulding, as and for the purpose set forth.
3rd. The combination of tapering vent needles F with the guided pattern
drawing frame K and flask B having channels C, as and for the purpose set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of February, A.D. 1881..
H. J. HADDAN. (L.S.)