IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER VEHICLES.
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Judson Addis, of Tanna, in the Presi-
dency of Bombay, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTS,
PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER VEHICLES.".
Sealed the 1st December 1868, and dated the 5th June 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Judson
Addis at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 5th June 1868.
I, WILLIAM JUDSON ADDIS, of Tanna, in the Presidency of Bombay,
5 do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CARTS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER VEHICLES,"
to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in carts, parts of which
improvements are applicable to other vehicles. For this purpose I form
the bottom or platform of the cart of an open framework, below which
is formed a box as is usual in some descriptions of carts. This box is
as heretofore formed of wood connected together by suitable angle irons.
The sides of the cart are formed of an open framework, by preference of
wood, dropped into suitable recesses in the platform or bottom of the

page_text: cart, or connected thereto in any suitable manner. The cover or top of
the box is formed by the platform or bottom of the cart into recesses in
which are fitted suitable panels or boards, which are capable of easy
insertion and removal therefrom. The wheels are formed of open
segments of iron or steel, which when bolted together form a kind of
skeleton wheel, to the periphery of which the wooden felloe and iron or
steel tyre are bolted. The space into which the nave is fitted is
hexagonal in form, and the nave is of wood, through the centre of which
is passed a short axle which is square at the central portion and is
turned at the parts projecting from the nave so as to fit into suitable
collars or plummer blocks fixed to the platform or bottom of the cart.
The axle is fixed in the nave by means of a key passing through both
nave and axle and secured in position by means of gibs and keys or
other suitable means. The spokes, felloe, and tyre of the wheels are
flush with each other, and I prefer to form the open segments of
ordinary tyre iron. The wheels pass through and are enclosed by parts
of the open framework forming the bottom or platform of the cart which
project beyond the sides thereof. The cart is provided with a suitable
pole and yokes when required to be drawn by oxen; or shafts may be
fixed thereto if desired, and the pole or shafts are arranged to be received
and fixed in suitable sockets by means of pins passed therethrough, or in
other suitable manner, and I apply such sockets at both ends of the
cart, so that the pole or shafts may be fixed at either end. I also form
suitable sockets in the centre of the cart, so that the pole may when
desired be passed vertically through the centre of the cart and be used
as a tent pole, upon which a canvas or other cover is mounted so as to
form a tent over and around the cart, at which time legs are let down
from the cart to retain it in a vertical position.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Judson Addis in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 5th December 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
JUDSON ADDIS, of Tanna, in the Presidency of Bombay, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of Junc, in the year of our

page_text: Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-first
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said William Judson Addis, Her special licence
that I, the said William Judson Addis, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Judson
Addis, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO
OTHER VEHICLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
William Judson Addis, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Judson Addis, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The Invention has for its object improvements in carts, parts of
which improvements are applicable to other vehicles. For this purpose
I form the bottom or platform of the cart of an open framework,
below which is formed a box as is usual in some descriptions of
carts. This box is as heretofore formed of woodwork connected
together by suitable angle irons. The sides of the cart are formed
of an open framework, by preference of wood, dropped into suitable
recesses in the platform or bottom of the cart or connected thereto
in any suitable manner. The cover or top of the box is formed by
the platform or bottom of the cart into recesses in which are fitted
suitable panels or boards, which are capable of easy insertion and removal
therefrom. The wheels are formed of open segments of iron or steel,
which when bolted together form a kind of skeleton wheel, to the
periphery of which the wooden felloe and iron or steel tyre are bolted.
The space into which the nave is fitted is hexagonel in form, and the

page_text: The
nave is of wood, through the centre of which is passed a short axle which
is square at the central portion and is turned at the parts projecting
from the nave so as to fit into suitable collars or plummer blocks fixed
to the platform or bottom of the cart. The axle is fixed in the nave
by means of a key passing through both nave and axle and secured
in position by means of gibs and keys or other suitable means.
spokes, felloe, and tyre of the wheels are flush with each other, and
I prefer to form the open segments of ordinary tyre iron. The wheels
pass through and are enclosed by parts of the open framework forming
the bottom or platform of the cart which project beyond the sides
thereof. The cart is provided with a suitable pole and yokes when
required to be drawn by oxen, or shafts may be fixed thereto if desired,
and the pole or shafts are arranged to be received and fixed in suitable
sockets by means of pins passed therethrough or in other suitable
manner, and I apply such sockets at both ends of the cart so that the
pole or shafts may be fixed at either end. I also form suitable sockets
in the centre of the cart, so that the pole may when desired be passel
vertically through the centre of the cart and be used as a tent pole
upon which a canvas or other cover is mounted so as to form a tent
over and around the cart, at which time legs are let down from the cart
to retain it in a vertical position.
And in order that my Invention may be more fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying
Drawings, more fully to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side view of a cart having my improvements applied
thereto; Figure 2 is a plan; and Figure 3 is an end view thereof.
The bottom or platform a of the cart is formed of an open framework,
as shewn, below which is formed a box 6 as is usual in some descriptions
of carts. This box is formed of wood connected together by angle
irons as shewn. The sides c of the cart are formed by preference of
an open framework of wood, the lower ends of the uprights of which
are dropped into or fixed in suitable recesses formed for them in the
platform or bottom a of the cart. The cover or top of the box is formed
by the bottom or platform a of the cart into recesses or openings in
which are fitted panels or boards a, capable of being readily inserted
and removed therefrom by means of rings a or by other suitable means.

page_text: If desired these panels or boards a' may be capable of sliding into and
out of position, and a door or opening may be made in either end of the
box . The wheels are formed of open segments d of iron or steel of
any suitable section, which when bolted together form a kind of skeleton
wheel, to the periphery of which the wooden felloe d and iron or steel
tyre d, which I prefer to be in segments, are bolted or otherwise
secured. The space into which the nave is fitted is hexagonal in
form, and the nave is of wood, through the centre of which is passed
a short axle c, which is square at the central part and turned at the
parts projecting from the nave so as to fit into suitable collars or
plummer blocks ffixed to the platform or bottom a of the cart. The
axle e is fixed in the nave by means of a key or cotter e¹ passing
through both nave and axle and secured in position by means of gibs
and keys or by other suitable means. The spokes, felloe, and tyre of
the wheel are by preference flush with each other, but if desired the
nave may be made broader than the other parts to afford a better hold
for the axle. The wheels pass through and are enclosed by parts a³ of
the open framework a projecting beyond that part forming the bottom
or platform of the cart and beyond the sides thereof, so that in the
event of a cart coming into collision with a tree or other obstacle the
wheels shall not be injured. The cart is provided with a pole g, which
may carry yokes to pass over the necks of oxen when such are
employed to draw the cart, or if desired shafts may be employed. When
a pole g is employed it is received into suitable sockets and fixed
thercin by means of pins i passed therethrough, or in other suitable
manner, and when shafts are employed they may be fixed in a somewhat
similar manner, and I apply such sockets h at both ends of the cart so
that the pole or shafts may be fixed at either end. When a polc is
used and it is desired to place the draught animals at the opposite ends
of the cart to that at which they have been pulling the pins i are
removed, and the pole is pushed through the box under the cart until
it projects a proper distance at the other end, when it is fixed in position
by the pins i being passed through holes in the sockets and pole g as
before. I also form suitable sockets k in the centre of the cart, so.
that the pole g may when desired be passed vertically through the
centre of the cart, as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 1, and be used
as a tent pole upon which a canvas or other cover is mounted so as to.
form a tent over and around the cart, at which time legs are let down
from the cart to retain it in a vertical position.

page_text: I would here remark that wheels constructed as above described and
enclosed by part of the framework of the vehicle, and the arrangement
for fixing the pole in a vertical position so as to serve as a tent pole,
may be used with other descriptions of vehicles.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode
in which I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that
I do not confine myself to the precise details herein shewn and described
so long as the peculiar character of my Invention be retained sub-
stantially as explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Judson Addis, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
VENOIK ZAMCHUNDRA,
Head Accountant,
Local Fund Depart'.,
Tanna.
W. J. ADDIS. (L.S.)