IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STONE- WARE, EARTHENWARE, AND CHINA
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Doulton, of High Street, Lambeth, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STONE-
WARE, EARTHENWARE, AND CHINA."
Sealed the 4th August 1854, and dated the 11th May 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Doulton at. the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
May 1854.
I, HENRY DOULTON, of High Street, Lambeth, do hereby declare the nature
of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
STONEWARE, EARTHENWARE, AND CHINA," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is so to arrange the fire-places or furnaces of
kilns used in the manufacture of stone ware, earthenware, and china, as to
prevent as much as may be the evolution of smoke into the atmosphere. For
this purpose, over each fire-place or furnace a fire tile or thick plate, perforated
with numerous holes, is placed or fixed, and over this a chamber is formed to
receive air, there being a slide or other means of regulating the flow of air into
the chamber. By this arrangement, the perforated tile or plate becomes highly
heated by the fire below, and the draft of the fire, being inwards to the kiln, the
air will pass down thro the perforations, and become still more highly heated

page_text: than when in the chamber above; and the heating of the air in the chamber
may be assisted by having perforated or other plates or surfaces in the chamber,
so that the air may become heated by passing in contact therewith. By such
means of obtaining a supply of heated air to this class of fires, the fuel will be
better burned, and the evolution of smoke into the atmosphere prevented.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Doulton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th
November 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, HENRY
DOULTON, of High Street, Lambeth, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her reign,
did, för Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Henry Doulton, Her special licence that I, the said Henry Doulton, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry
Doulton, my executors, administrators; and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed; should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an 'Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS USED IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF STONEWARE, EARTHENWARE, AND CHINA;" upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Doulton, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and inmediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Doulton, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof (that is to say):
The object of this Invention is so to arrange the fire-places or furnaces of
kilns used in, the manufacture of stoneware, earthenware, and china, as to
prevent as much as may be the evolution of smoke into the atmosphere. For

page_text: this purpose, over each fire-place or furnace a fire tile or thick plate, perforated
with numerous holes, is placed or fixed, and over this a chamber is formed to
receive air, there being a slide or other means of regulating the flow of air into
the chamber. By this arrangement, the perforated tile or plate becomes highly
heated by the fire below, and the draft of the fire, being inwards to the kiln, the
air will pass down through the perforations, and become still more highly heated
than when in the chamber above; and the heating of the air in the chamber
may be assisted by having perforated or other plates or surfaces in the chamber,
so that the air may become heated by passing in contact therewith. By such
means of obtaining a supply of heated air to this class of fires, the fuel will be
better burned, and the evolution of smoke into the atmosphere prevented.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed to
describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION. OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a section of a fire-place or furnace of a kiln where fire bars
are used; and Figure 2 shows a section of a fire-place or furnace of a kiln
where no fire bars are employed. In each of these Figures the same letters
indicate the same parts. a is the fire-place or furnace, into which the fuel is
placed through the opening b, to facilitate which the tile or slab c is taken away,
and then replaced; d, d, are perforated fire tiles over an opening e, at the upper
part of, the fire-place or furnace; f is part of the outer wall of the kiln; g is
part of the lining of the kiln; h is a chamber above the perforated fire tiles,
which can be partially closed by introducing a tile or brick, or otherwise, at
the opening i, to reduce the quantity of air passing into the chamber h, (and
5 consequently to the fire), when the coal has become well ignited. There may
be further perforated tiles used above those shewn to partially heat the air
before it comes to those which are shewn in the Drawings. j, j, are bricks
piled, as heretofore, loosely at the lower part of the furnace or fire-place, as
shown, between which air can pass to support combustion, as well as.down
o through the fuel from the chamber h. By these arrangements the perforated
tiles d, d, will become highly heated, and the atmospheric air will become
heated in passing from the chamber h downwards through the perforated tiles
into the upper part of the furnace or fire-place, and will enter above the fuel
therein, and thence pass into the kiln through the opening k, where it will meet
5 with the products passing off from the fuel, and become ignited with them as
they enter the kiln. The parts of the kiln and the parts of the fire-places or
furnaces shown by the Drawings are similar to those ordinary in use, and the

page_text: novelty consists of the application and arrangement of the parts shown and
described for admitting and heating the air. -
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Doulton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
WILLIAM TONGUE.
HENRY DOULTON. (L.S.)