Improvements in Magazine Rifles and similar Fire-arms.
Year: 1896

page_text: [Communicated from abroad by THE LEE ARMS Co., of 195 Sigourney Street,
Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America.]
Improvements in Magazine Rifles and similar Fire-arms.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to fire arms, its general object being to provide certain
improvements whereby these weapons may be rendered more durable and efficient
in service, than heretofore and whereby their constructive features are simplified
and improved, reducing the cost of manufacture and facilitating the assembling
and disassembling or separation of the parts.
While many or all of these improvements are applicable to other classes of fire
arms, they are more particularly designed for, and are herein described and shewn
in the drawings as applied to, that class comprising what are known as "turn bolt"
guns, in which the breech of the gun is opened and closed by means of a bolt
which is adapted to move longitudinally in a piece termed the "receiver," the said
bolt being locked in its closed or firing position by a partial turn about its axis
imparted to it by the hand of the operator. These guns are usually provided, as
shewn in the drawings, with a magazine holding a supply of cartridges, the upper-
most one of which is pushed into the barrel by the forward movement of the bolt,
and is fired while the bolt is in its closed position, the empty cartridge case being
extracted and ejected during the opening movement of the bolt.
The specific objects of the invention may be categorically set forth as follows:-
First, to provide improved means for guiding and retaining the "cartridge packet"
or "filler" in suitable position with relation to the magazine of the gun, so that
the cartridges contained in the "filler" may readily be transferred to the magazine,
and so that the emptied "filler" may be automatically ejected from its filling
position with ease and certainty by the first succeeding operation of the bolt. The
cartridge packet" or "filler herein referred to consists of a clip or holder which
retains a number of cartridges in superposed position so that they can be readily
inserted into the magazine of the fire-arm to charge it with ammunition. Second,
to provide means whereby the upper or contracted mouth of the magazine which
operates to prevent the cartridges from being pushed upward through the aperture
in the breech left by the withdrawal of the bolt, may readily be opened to permit
the cartridges to be pushed from the "filler" into the magazine, and to enable the
opening of the magazine to be effected by the fingers of the same hand that is
employed to push the cartridges from the filler. Third, to provide an improved stop
whereby the uppermost cartridge contained in the magazine may, if desired, be held
below its bolt-engaging position, this being necessary when it is desired to use the gun
as a "single loader." Fourth, to provide improved means whereby the extractor may
be firmly engaged by the bolt when in position in the receiver, and so that the said
extractor and bolt may readily be assembled and disassembled without the employ-
ment of any additional part or parts whatsoever. Fifth, to provide means whereby
the hook of the extractor may be automatically locked to the head of the bolt
during the withdrawal of the cartridge case, so as to provide for the positive
extraction thereof, the means being such that the extractor shall be automatically

page_text: unlocked from the bolt when the latter is pushed forward, so as to enable the
extractor hook to pass freely over the cartridge head. Sixth, to provide means
for quickly attaching the cocking piece to the rear end of the firing pin in a simple
and effective manner, dispensing with the use of removable screws, nuts or pins.
Seventh, to provide means whereby the firing pin may be sustained against injury
from explosions of gas through the primer of the cartridge, a shoulder being
provided against which the firing pin can abut; injury to the firing pin or its spring
is thus avoided. Eighth, to provide improved means for attaching the head of the
bolt to the bolt itself, whereby the head may be quickly and readily attached and
detached without the use of screws, pins, or other delicate and easily injured parts,
the said head being so arranged that when fixed in place it shall be practically
integral with the bolt itself. Ninth, to provide a simple and inexpensive device,
which is preferably formed in one piece and adapted when in its operative position
on the fire arm, to form an abutment or stop to limit the rearward movement of the
bolt and also adapted to co-operate with the extractor in positively ejecting the
discharged and withdrawn cartridge case from the receiver. Thus by the employ-
ment of what may be, and preferably is, a single piece of mechanism, we accomplish
what has hitherto been done by various devices each comprising several separate
pieces, some of which have necessarily been fragile in construction, and all of
which have been open to the serious objection of multiplicity of parts, which is
of peculiar importance in the construction of fire arms. This device is so
arranged upon the receiver of the gun as to enable it to be easily and quickly
assembled and disassembled therefrom, and so arranged that the portion which
serves as the bolt-stop-may readily be pushed aside by the thumb of the
operator so as to enable the bolt to be entirely withdrawn from the receiver
when desired.
In order that the invention may he readily understood it will now be described
with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
Figure 1, is a right hand side view of a fire arm of the general type herein
referred to, and constructed in accordance with my invention. In this figure is
shewn in dotted lines the outline of an emptied filler in the position it would occupy
when just detached from the receiver, and ready to fall.
Figure 2, is a plan view of Figure 1.
Figure 3, is a horizontal section on the centre line of the bolt and the barrel,
shewing a cartridge in the barrel and the firing pin in its "fired" position.
Figure 34, is a similar view of only a portion of the bolt and the firing pin, the
latter being shewn in the position it occupies against its sustaining, shoulder if
driven backward by gas forced through the primer.
Figure 4, is a side view partly in section, shewing the devices by which the
normally contracted upper portion of the magazine may be opened to allow the
cartridges to be transferred from the filler; these devices are shewn in their closed
position.
Figure 5, is a horizontal section of Figure 4, taken through the centre line of
the barrel, and through the forward portion of the bolt, the rearward portion
thereof being broken away to enable a device termed the "magazine closer" to be
seen in its closed position, whereby the uppermost cartridge is prevented from
being pushed up through the breech opening by the action of the cartridge
elevator.
Figure 6, is a side view partly in section, (a portion of the stock and the receiver
being broken away) shewing the position and relation of the magazine closer in its
open position, and also showing a packet of cartridges with their filler or holder
engaging with a lug on the receiver and in readiness for the operation of pushing
the cartridges from the holder into the opened, magazine.
.
Figure 7, is a plan view of Figure 6, shewing in comparison with Figure 5, the
relative positions of a wedge-shaped lock which controls the position of the
magazine closer.
Figure 8, is a left hand side view of the gun illustrated in Figure 1 with a portion

page_text: of the stock broken away so as to shew the external appearance of a piece terined
the "magazine stop."
Figure 8 is a transverse section taken on the line 8-8 of Figure 8, looking
upward and shewing the way in which a device termed the "cut-off key" is fitted
to slide in the wall of the magazine.
Figures 9 and 10, are rear views in section taken substantially along the line 9-10
of Figure 6, the bolt being omitted. Figure 9 represents the magazine stop in
its open or inoperative position, and shews the magazine closer in its open position
corresponding to that shewn in Figure 6, to permit the entrance of the cartridges
from the filler, while Figure 10 shews the magazine closer in its closed position,
corresponding to that shewn in Figure 7, and in this view the magazine stop is
represented in its operative position holding the uppermost cartridge below the
path of movement of the bolt.
Figure 10 is a sectional plan view taken on the line 10 of Figure 10, and
shows the recess made in the key for the reception of a spring and its support.
Figure 6 is a right hand side view partly in section (a portion of the stock and
the receiver being broken away) shewing a modification of the magazine closer
illustrated in Figures 4 to 10.
Figure 7 is a fragmentary plan view of Figure 6B showing a cartridge retained
against upward movement by the curved upper edges of the walls of the magazine,
one of which is hinged as hereinafter explained.
Figures 9 and 10 are rear views in section taken substantially on the line 3-4
of Figure 6 the bolt being omitted and, the closer in Figure 98 being shewn
opened and in Figure 10 closed.
Figures 11 to 19 inclusive, are enlarged detail views of the improved means of
attaching a part-termed the "cocking piece" to the firing pin.
Figure 11 is an end view, and Figure 12 a side view, of a key employed to lock
the cocking piece to the firing pin.
Figure 13 is a side view, and Figure 14 an end view, shewing the rear portion
of the firing pin threaded and grooved to receive the cocking piece, while Figure 15
is an end view shewing the cocking piece also threaded and grooved so as to adapt
it to be pushed on to the firing pin shown in Figures 13 and 14.
Figure 16 is a side view, and Figure 17 an end view, shewing the cocking piece
applied to the firing pin, with the locking key in position ready to be pushed
through its coinciding grooves in the pin and in the cocking piece.
Figure 18 is a side view and Figure 19 an end view shewing the parts in their
locked condition, and shewing also the bolt in its closed position with relation to
the cocking piece and the key..
Figure 20, is an edge view of the extractor in its preferred form, and Figure 21
is an underside view thereof. The side shown in the last mentioned figure is that
which faces the bolt when the extractor is applied thereto.
Figure 22 is a side view, and Figure 23 a front end view, of a bolt constructed
to receive the bolt head without the use of special instruments.
Figure 24 is a side view, and Figure 25 an end view, of a locking piece employed
to fasten the bolt head in place.
Figure 26 is a side view, and Figure 27 a rear end view, of a bolt head adapted
to be attached to the bolt shewn in Figures 22 and 23, the dotted lines in
Figure 26 representing the end of the bolt into which the bolt head has been
partially fitted.
Figure 28 is a side view of the bolt and its head completely fitted together, but
without the locking piece, the T-shaped recess for which is clearly visible.
Figures 29 and 30 are a side view and an end view respectively of the complete
bolt with the extractor applied thereto.
Figure 31 is a side view, and Figure 32 an end view of the bolt and its head in
the position occupied by them in Figures 29 and 30, but with the extractor moved
around the bolt into the relative position it occupies when the bolt is drawn to its
rearward position in the receiver.

page_text: Figure 33, is a fragmentary view in which an emptied filler is shewn partially
swung back upon its supporting lug, as upon a hinge, by the forward movement of
the bolt, the said filler approaching the releasing position shewn in Figure 1.
Figure 34, is a similar fragmentary view, showing the clip-sustaining lug, situated
in another position.
Figure 35 is a plan view of the combined bolt stop and ejector.
Figure 36 is an elevation of the device shewing the side that faces the inside or
bolt of the gun.
Figure 37 is a rear end view as seen from the left of Figure 36 while Figure 38
is a front end view as seen from the right of Figure 36:
Figure 39 is a plan view of the underside of the device.
Figure 40 is a left hand side view of a portion of the receiver and stock of
the gun, shewing the, manner in which the receiver is recessed to receive this
device.
Figure 41 is a plan view in section taken on the line 7-8 of Figure 40, shewing
the recess for the stop and ejector, and shewing also by dotted lines the device
itself in the position in which it is applied to the receiver in the operation of
assembling.
Figure 42 is a plan view also in section taken on the line 7-8 of Figure 40,
shewing the said device in position in the receiver, and shewing also the bolt drawn
to its backward position against the shoulder of the stop. In this figure is also
shewn a cartridge case in the act of being ejected from the gun by the joint
operation of the extractor and the ejector.
Figure 43 is a sectional plan view of a sufficient portion of the mechanism to
enable the method of withdrawing the-bolt from the receiver to be understood, the
bolt stop having been pushed forward so as to enable its rearward or latching end
to be sprung outwardly to the position shown in this figure, in which it clears the
stop engaging portion of the locking lug B' of the bolt head.
Figure 44 is a view similar to Figure 43, illustrating the operation of assembling
the bolt by pushing it in the direction of the arrow into the receiver.
Figure 45 is a view of the left hand side of the bolt, showing the grooves made
therein to clear the ejector.
The terms "forward," "rearward," "right" and "left," " "up " and "down"
are herein employed to designate those directions as they would appear to an
operator holding the gun in firing position at his shoulder.
As above stated, the improvements herein described are embodied in a fire arm
having the general characteristics of guns of the class in which the bolt B is
mounted in a receiver C, and is fitted to slide longitudinally therein. The bolt is
provided with a lever D, by means of which its movements are controlled by the
operator. This bolt, which is shewn in its forward or closed position in Figures 1, 2
and 3, is capable of backward movement to an extent sufficient to allow the heads
of the cartridges contained in the magazine to be pressed up one after the other
into the path of the forward end of the bolt, whereby the uppermost cartridge is
pushed along by the closing movement of the bolt toward and into the cartridge
chamber of the barrel. The bolt herein shewn is of the "forward locking" type,
being provided at its forward end with lugs B B which engage with suitable
corresponding shoulders formed in the forward part of the receiver. The engaging
and locking movement is accomplished by turning the bolt approximately a quarter
revolution by means of its lever D; that is to say by turning the said lever from
the vertical position shown in Figure 4 (which represents the opening position of
the bolt) to that shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 (which represent the locked or firing
position of the bolt). To unlock the bolt the reverse of this movement is performed,
whereby the locking lugs B2, B3 are released from their engagement with the
corresponding shoulders in the receiver, and allow the bolt to be drawn
longitudinally to its opened position..
In the operation of moving the lever D from the position shown in Figures 1
and 2, to that of Figure 4, a portion thereof engages with the bevelled shoulder C₁.

page_text: of the receiver, which operates as a cam to force the bolt rearwardly, to the extent.
shewn in Figures 4 and 5, and thus serves as a powerful device for slowly starting
the empty cartridge case from its seat in the chamber of the barrel.
The fire-arm is provided with a magazine M located below the breech opening,.
and adapted to hold the cartridges une above the other, as shown in Figure 10.
These cartridges are pressed upwardly by means of a leaf spring, as shewn
in Figure 9, or they may be pressed upwardly by means of any of several well
known devices for this purpose. The upper portion of the cartridge containing
space of the magazine is preferably contracted by means of the side walls, so as to
prevent the cartridges from being pushed directly upward, and so as to allow the
rim of the uppermost cartridge to project into the path of the bolt of the gun, by
means of which the cartridge is pushed forward until its forward end or projectile
has entered the chamber of the barrel a sufficient extent to guide the cartridge, at
which point the walls of the magazine are widened sufficiently to release the
head of the cartridge, and allow it to rise up into alignment with the bore of
the gun.
The rearward end of the firing pin J has attached to it a cocking piece E, which
is guided in a longitudinal groove in the adjacent portion of the receiver. Its
forward end E¹ (Figure 4) is adapted to engage with the sear F', which is pivoted
in the receiver and is pressed toward the cocking piece by means of the spring F.
a portion of the sear being in engaging relation to the trigger G.
A bolt stop I attached to the receiver forms a stop for the backward position of
the bolt at a point which allows the uppermost cartridge contained in the magazine.
to be pushed in front of the forward end of the bolt. This stop also serves as an
ejector as will be hereinafter described.
Having thus described the general features of the gun in connection with which
the improvements are herein shown, I will now proceed to a description of the
inprovements themselves.
THE FILLER AND ITS ATTACHING DEVICE.
The numeral 1 represents the improved filler, best shown in Figures 6, 7, 9 and 10,.
the use of which is to hold together a packet of the cartridges preparatory to
inserting them in the magazine of the gun. This filler is provided with clips 2,
which are preferably made integral with the filler by slitting the sheet metal of
which the filler is preferably made, and bending the clip portions 2 outward.
therefrom to the form shown in Figure 6. These clips are located at the same
distance from their respective ends of the filler so that the latter may be applied
to the receiver either end uppermost, and be in each case so held that the lower
cartridge shall rest in proper relation to the mouth of the magazine. A retaining.
lug 3, preferably integral with the receiver C, is so located thereon as to engage-
with the clips and sustain the filler in a position suitably related to the magazine,
the clip engaging behind the lug so as to sustain the weight of the overhanging
cartridges against their tendency to pull the filler forward into the breech
opening.
The lug 3 is preferably made with a recessed or reduced neck below its upper or
bead portion, so as to enable the end of the filler clip to be sprung over the head,
and to spring into the recessed or neck portion of the lug, thereby retaining the
filler in position with a greater degree of certainty to prevent accidental or
inadvertent dislodgment during its manipulation. That portion of the receiver in
front of the lug 3 is recessed, as best shown in Figure 7, leaving shoulders 4,
adapted to guide the sides of the filler as it is inserted in the receiver and adapted
to support it against sidewise displacement during the operation of transferring the
cartridges therefrom into the magazine. Unless the fillers are to be saved for
subsequent use, no attention is paid by the operator to the emptied filler, it being
automatically dislodged from its position by the forward movement of the bolt
(as shown in Figures 1 and 33) in the act of pushing in the bolt to close the breech:

page_text: The flanges of the filler which engage with the cartridge rim may be so set as to
press against the forward sides of the rims, and thus offer sufficient frictional
resistance to the cartridges to retain them in their desired position longitudinally
of the filler; or they may be retained therein by other well known means.
Although the lug 3 is shown projecting beyond the upper surface of the receiver,
being so arranged because in this position it may be more readily formed to the
required shape; this lug may, if desired, be located below the general level of the
upper surface of the receiver, as shown in Figure 34, a corresponding change
being made in the location of the clips upon the filler to adapt them to be used
therewith.
It is not an essential feature of this invention that the filler 1 shall be provided.
with two clips, as shewn, or that these clips, or either of them, shall have their
points.bent inwardly so as to conform to the recess below the enlarged head of the
retaining lug 3; inasmuch as the filler would be retained upon the fire arm with a
reasonable degree of certainty if the opening of the clip were parallel, and there-
fore merely hooked over the lug. But it is preferable to arrange the clips to clasp
the lug with spring pressure, as the filler is thereby retained upon the fire-arm
with a greater degree of certainty, without rendering the ejection of the emptied
filler therefrom more difficult.or uncertain.
Although the filler herein shewn is adapted to discharge its cartridges from either
end into the magazine, and is therefore provided with two of the clips 2, these are
not essential features of the invention, inasmuch as the filler might have one end
closed, and be provided with only one clip. But in this case it would be necessary
for the operator to attach the filler with the closed side uppermost, thus requiring
closer attention on his part, and perhaps occasioning.errors and false movements at
critical junctures. The fillers herein described can be inserted without requiring
any attention on the part of the operator to have a particular end uppermost.
THE MAGAZINE CLOSER.
This is best shown in Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 and 10 and Figures 68 7 9 and 10".
In Figures 4 to 10 the closer is hinged at one end and adapted to move in a
horizontal plane, while in Figures 6, 78, 9 and 10 the closer is hinged at the
lower side and is adapted to move in a vertical plane. The Figures 9 and 10 and 9
and 10 represent a section taken through the magazine showing the closer in its
open and in its closed positions respectively. Referring more particularly to
Figures 4 to 10, the closer 5 remains normally, and especially during the firing
operations of the gun, in the closed position shewn in Figure 10, so that the upper-
most cartridge if released by a device termed the "cut-off" (the construction and
purpose of which will be hereinafter explained,) would be carried by the elevating
means against the upper portion of the magazine, the contracted side walls of
which prevent the cartridge from being pushed vetically out of the magazine, but
they enable its rim or head to project into the path of the bolt to a sufficient
extent to enable the said bolt upon its forward stroke to engage with the upper
portion of the rim of the cartridge and push it forward to a portion of the magazine
where the side walls permit the upward escape of the cartridge on its way into the
chamber of the barrel in the well-known way. Inasmuch as the contracted walls
shown in Figure 10 operate to prevent the cartridges from passing upwardly
between them, it follows that they would also operate to prevent the ingress of
cartridges from the filler, unless means were provided for temporarily opening one
or both of the contracted walls of the magazine.
For this purpose and as herein shewn the magazine closer 5 is hinged at its
forward end, (Figures 4, 6 and 7) to the right-hand side wall of the magazine, or
to any suitable adjacent portion of the gun. During the normal operation of the
gun, the closer is in its closed position, shown in Figures 4, 5 and 10, resting in
line with, and forming a continuation of the adjacent side wall of the magazine, its
upper portion extending into and contracting the magazine space for the purpose

page_text: above mentioned. It is locked in this position by means of the closer lock 6
(Figure 6) which is fitted to slide between the closer and the adjacent side of the
receiver, or other convenient adjacent fixed portion of the gun. The inner face of
the lock is inclined, and engages with a similarly inclined portion 5 on the outer
face of the closer, so that the latter when moved to the position shown in Figures 4
and 5 operates to move the closer inwardly to the closed position, and to retain it
in that position.
In order to enable the closer to be opened, the lock 6 is moved aside to the
position shown in Figures 6 and 7. As a convenient means of thus moving the
lock we have shown it pivotally mounted upon the right hand side wall of
the magazine, and provided with an extension 6, which is operated by a key or
slide 7. The upper end of this key or slide is fitted to work in a suitable guide in
the frame or receiver of the gun, and its lower end extends through and below the
stock of the gun to a position where it may readily be actuated by the finger of
the operator. The key or slide is pressed toward its lower position, shown in
Figures 1, 4 and 10, by means of a spring 8, located in a recess in the key or
slide as shown in Figure 104, the upper portion of the spring abutting against a
projection 8 on the side wall, and operating to hold the closer in its closed position
by means of its connection with the lock 6. If desired the key or slide may be
fitted to the side wall of the magazine like the key or slide 10, shewn in
Figure 8ª.
This arrangement for releasing the closer enables the cartridges to be trans-
ferred from the filler into the magazine by the use of a single hand of the operator.
After having placed the packet of cartridges in position, as shown in Figure 6, he
places his thumb upon the topmost cartridge, and a finger beneath the lower end
of the key or slide 7. Then by bringing the finger and thumb toward each other,
the cartridges are forced down against the closer by the thumb, and the closer
lock 6 is opened by the finger forcing the key or slide 7 upward, the pressure upon
the uppermost cartridge and upon the end of the key or slide thus reacting through
the hand of the operator. The unlocked closer is thus free to be pushed open
by the file of cartridges, all of which, under the continued pressure of the thumb,
pass out of the filler into the magazine. As soon as the last cartridge is pushed into
the magazine, and the contracting action of the finger and thumb is released, the
spring 8 operates to depress the slide 7 and thereby bring the closer into the shut
position shewn in Figures 5 and 10.
The rearward end of the closer 5 is provided with an L-shaped lateral
extension 5, best shewn in Figures 4 and 5, which is fitted to slide, in a corre-
sponding groove in the adjacent portion of the receiver. The object of this
extension is to support the closer against the upward pressure of the cartridges in
the magazine, and to prevent the twisting of the closer when it is released from
the support of the lug 6.. This extension or guide of the closer thus prevents
undue strains being thrown upon the hinge, which may therefore be made short,
as herein shewn.
In the modification of this closing device shewn by Figures 6B 7B 9B and 10B. the
upper portion of the side wall m of the magazine M is cut away to an extent
sufficient to receive the magazine closer 5, which in this case is pivotally mounted
upon the lugs m' m² on the said side wall m, or upon any convenient adjacent
portion of the gun or its receiver.
As a means of holding the closer in its closed position, shown in Figure 10º,
a spring m³ made of wire, as shewn herein, having a central loop which extends
along and bears against the upper portion of the outside of the closer 5 with its
ends turned down and coiled around the hinge pin m*, which preferably extends
over the entire length of the closer, as shown in Figure 6. The ends m of the
wire spring extend downward and bear against the wall m of the magazine, which
forms the abutment against which the spring acts, the said spring being so set that
its upper portion operates to press the closer toward its closed position shown in
Figure 10, with sufficient tension to resist with certainty the tendency of the

page_text: -closer to open under the action of the upward pressure of the cartridges by the
elevator MI, while the gun is being operated.
As a means of enabling the operator to open the closer when it is desired to
charge the magazine with cartridges, a key m is provided, and this key is
preferably formed integral with the closer itself, and extends to a convenient
position to be easily reached by the finger or thumb of the operator.
When the receiver C is covered by a portion of the stock of the gun, the said
stock may be recessed as herein shown to allow of a sufficient movement of the
-closer and its key, the latter being shaped to conform to the opening. As a
means of closing the entrance to the recess so as to exclude sand and dust
therefrom, the guard m' is provided, such guard being preferably made by slitting
and bending outward a portion of the side wall m of the magazine. The said
portion is of the same width as the key, and the latter is provided with a corre-
sponding transverse slot or recess into which the guard extends, the guard and
its recess being so formed as to allow of the movement of the closer upon its
hinge.
Other forms of springs may obviously be adapted to press the closer to its closed
position, and the closer may be located upon either side or upon both sides of the
..magazine, as may be desired. The particular construction and arrangement of the
parts herein shewn will probably be found the most-advantageous.
•
THE MAGAZINE CUT-OFF.
This is best. shewn in Figures 8, 9 and 10, where it is represented on the left
hand side of the gun, which, as hereinafter explained, is in itself not a material
circumstance, inasmuch as it may with equal effectiveness be placed upon the right
hand side. As herein shown, it consists of the cut-off proper 9, pivotally mounted
in lugs 9 on the wall of the magazine, and of an operating key or slide 10, fitted
to work in a corresponding slot in the wall of the magazine, the amount of
longitudinal movement of the key or slide being shewn by a comparison of
Figures 9 and 10. The key 10 is provided with thin flanges 10x which fit against
the inside wall of the magazine, and thus serve to retain the key thereon, as shewo
in Figure 8. The lower end of the key is adapted to be seized by the finger or
thumb of the operator, and its upper end is bevelled to engage with the adjacent
end of the cut-off 9. The latter is provided with a spring 11, which is preferably
attached to the side wall of the magazine, and passes behind the upper portion of
the cut-off, the tension of the spring being in a direction to hold it toward the
position shown in Figure 9, or in contact with its key. The curved upper end of
the cut-off 9, when the parts are in the position shown in Figure 10, extends
through a slot in the wall of the magazine, so as to engage with the uppermost
cartridge, the said cut-off being moved into this position by pushing the key 10
to its uppermost position, where it is retained by means of the lower end of the
cut-off 9 engaging in a corresponding cross groove 10% in the key 10. Before
pushing this key upward to the position shown in Figure 10, the uppermost
cartridge is pressed down by the finger or thumb of the operator, so as to allow
the cut-off to lie above the cartridge, as shown in the latter figure. In this
position the uppermost cartridge rests below the path of travel of the bolt, so that
the latter may be moved forward without feeding any cartridges from the
magazine, thereby enabling the fire-arm to be used as a single loader.
In the arrangement of parts shewn in the drawings, the magazine closer is upon
the right hand side of the gun, aud the magazine cut-off is upon the left hand side.
It is obvious that these positions may be reversed to suit the various required
conditions of service.

page_text: recess 13 dove-tailed or undercut on the rearward side thereof, and the bolt B is
provided with a correspondingly shaped annular.or circumferential rib 14, shown in
section in Figures 3, 34 and 5, which extends partly around the circumference of
the bolt, as shown in Figures 28 to 32 inclusive, the said rib being cut away
sufficiently to allow the extractor to be attached to the bolt, when it is in the
position shown in Figure 30, from which position it is turned circumferentially
upon the bolt until it arrives at the position shown in Figure 32. This manner of
effecting the engagement of the extractor with the bolt allows of the turning
movement of the latter necessary to unlock its forward end from its closed position
in the receiver, the extractor remaining in its longitudinal groove, which is here
shewn to be on the right hand side of the bolt. The extractor therefore partakes
only of the longitudinal movement of the bolt. The aforesaid turning movement
of the bolt in the receiver is herein shown to be limited to approximately 90 degrees
from the position shown in Figure 32, so that in the operation of the gun, the bolt
cannot be turned far enough to bring the extractor to its detachable position shown in
Figure 30. It is necessary to remove the bolt from the receiver before the extractor
can be moved to its detachable position.
·
The recess 13 in the extractor is made somewhat wider than the thickness of the
rib 14 to allow of the longitudinal locking movement of the extractor with relation
10 the bult, as hereinafter set forth, and also to allow the head of the extractor to
spring away from the bolt when in the unlocked position to which it is moved by
the impinging of the rim of the cartridge against the forward side of the hook in
the operation of pushing the cartridge into its chamber in the barrel.
The extractor is made of a suitable length, and is reduced in thickness where
permissible so as to have it sufficiently elastic. Adjacent to the recess 13 is the
surface 15, adapted to retain the locking piece 23 in position, as will be hereinafter
described.
THE EXTRACTOR LOCKING DEVICE.
At its forward end the extractor is provided with a hook 16 adapted to pass over
the head of the cartridge, the barrel chamber being recessed sufficiently to permit
of its entrance. At a point immediately adjacent to the hook, the extractor is
provided with a locking rib 17, having a locking shoulder 17, and the bolt head 18
is provided with a corresponding groove 19, best shown in engagement in Figures 3
and 5, the bottom portion of the groove being recessed or extended toward the
front of the bolt so as to provide for suitable locking engagement with the locking
shoulder 17, as shown in Figure 5. The extractor is fitted upon the bolt so as to
allow of a slight longitudinal movement thereon, as will be best seen by a comparison
of Figures 3 and 5. This freedom of movement enables the said extractor 'to be
pushed to the unlocked position shown in the latter figure by the combined action
of the forward movement of the bolt, and the retarding action upon the, extractor
in passing over the head of the cartridge, the locking shoulder 17 being then in a
position to allow the head of the extractor to nove away from the bolt to a sufficient
extent for this purpose. . After the gun is fired, and as the bolt is drawn backward
to open the breech, the rim of the cartridge impinges against the rearward side of
the book 16, and because of its resistance to extraction, draws the extractor to the
position shewn in Figure 5.. The. greater the resistance of the cartridge case to
the extracting operation, the inore thoroughly do the locking shoulders of the
extractor and of the bolt head engage, so that the hook cannot be sprung away
from the bolt and be drawn over the rim of the cartridge. Thus the front end of
the extractor is automatically locked to and unlocked from the bolt head at the
desired positions as the gun is worked.
MEANS FOR PROTECTING THE MECHANISM AGAINST EXPLOSIONS OF GAS
THROUGH THE CARTRIDGE HEAD.
The bolt B is bored throughout its length, as shown in Figure 3, to receive the

page_text: firing pin J, and its surrounding main spring K; the bore is enlarged in.diameter
at its forward end to receive a collar 20 with which the firing pin is provided, this
collar serving as an abutment for the forward end of the spring, and as a stop to
limit the forward and backward movement of the pin with relation to the bolt. The
forward side of the said collar 20 is.stopped against the rearward end of the bolt
head 18,. and the rearward side of the collar is adapted to abut against a shoulder 20*
produced by the difference in diameter of the bore. The extent of longitudinal
movement of the collar between its limiting shoulders is slightly greater than the
extent to which the collar is drawn backward in the normal operation of the firing
pin, this extent being well within the allowable limit of compression of the spring K.
In the case of an explosion of gas, through a defective primer, sufficiently great to
force the firing pin back against the pressure of the main spring, the collar 20
collides with the shoulder 20, as shown in Figure 34, thus preventing injury to the
firing pin, or to its spring, by such explosion.
MEANS FOR ATTACHING THE BOLT HEAD.
For greater convenience in assembling and disassembling of parts, the bolt is made
separable at its forward end by..means of the removable bolt head 18. This head'
is provided with a: stem 21, (Figure 26) which is:fitted into the hore at the forward
end of the bolt, and this stem is provided with an abutment 22, which extends into
a recess that is preferably in the form of a Latin cross cut in the wall of the bolt,
as shown in Figures 22 and 23. The external surface of such abutment coincides
with the cylindrical surface of the bolt, as shown in Figures 27, 28.and 29.. The
said abutment 22 fills the portion of the recess near the rili 14 leaving the
remainder of the recess of a T form, after the insertion of the bolt head, as
shown in Figure 28. Into this recess is fitted a corresponding T-shaped locking
piece or key 23 shewn in Figures 24 and 25, which, as shewn in the latter figure,
is curved to conform to the cylindrical shape of the forward portion of the bolt,
its inner surface resting upon. the stem 21 of the bolt head, and its outer surface
coinciding with that of the bolt. The side wings of the key, engaging with the
corresponding side wings of the recess in the bolt, form a positive lock to rigidly
connect the abutment 22, and hence the. bolt. head 18, to the bolt. Inasmuch as
there is no tendency to throw the lock or key 23 out of its recess, it is only
necessary to prevent it from falling out which is effected by applying the
extractor to the bolt the surface 15 of the extractor resting upon some portion
of the lock or key 23 in.all.of. the operative positions, of the bolt (see Figures 29
to 32.)
The bolt head 18 is provided with the locking lugs Band B, by means of
which the bolt B is secured in its forward or firing position with relation to the
receiver C by means of a quarter turn.of the bolt cominunicated to it by the
lever D, as previously explained, the head of the extractor passing over
the lug B, as shown in Figures 31 and 32 when the bolt. is turned to its unlocked
or withdrawing position. The bolt head is also provided with the groove 19, as
previously explained in connection with the extractor locking device.
MEANS FOR ATTACHING THE COCKING PIECE TO THE FIRING PIN.
The rear end of the firing pin J is threaded and grooved, as shown in Figures 13
and 14, and the cocking piece E is correspondingly threaded and grooved, as
shown in Figure 15, whereby. series of interrupted threads are formed, the
threaded portions of the firing pin being equal in width to the corresponding
grooved portions of the cocking piece, so that the latter can be pushed longi-
tudinally upon the firing pin to the position shown in Figure 16. One of the
grooves in the firing pin is made longer than the rest, as shown at 24 in Figure 13,
the length of such groove being sufficient to receive a key 25, having a split
ring 25, preferably integral therewith. The hole through the ring portion 25" is

page_text: of the same diameter as the firing pin J, but it is contracted by bending, so as to
bear with a suitable degree of friction upon the sides of the said firing pin. This
ring is slipped over the end of the firing pin with its key 25 sliding in the
groove 24 to the position shewn in Figure 16, and the cocking piece is also pushed
longitudinally to the position shewn in this figure. By giving the firing pin with
its key one-eighth of a turn with relation to the cocking piece, their threaded
portions are caused to engage, whereby each groove in the firing pin is brought
into coincidence with a corresponding groove in the cocking piece. The key 25 is
then pushed into the groove which is thus opened before it, thereby assuming the
position shown in Figure 18, and preventing any turning of the cocking piece
upon the firing pin. When it is desired to detach the parts, the firing pin is
drawn back and the key 25 is pushed forward by means of its ring to the position
shown in Figure-16; then by unscrewing the cocking piece to the extent of one-
eighth of a turu upon its axis, it is free to be removed longitudinally..
It will be understood that the rib 14 and the groove 19 of the bolt are circum-
ferentially extended partly around the bolt, to allow of the necessary turning
movement of the latter relative to the extractor for the locking and unlocking of
the bolt to and from its receiver. During the forward or locking movement of
the bolt, the extractor is pushed back so that its locking shoulder 17 is unlocked
from the recess of the groove 19, as shown in Figure 3, so as to allow the
extractor hook 16 to spring over the head of the cartridge when the latter reaches
its scat in the chamber of the barrel, or as soon as the resistance of the cartridge
is sufficient to push back the hook and spring it outwardly. During the backward
or unlocking movement of the bolt, the locking shoulder 17 is drawn to the
locked position shown in Figure 5, and in this position the bolt continues its partial
rotation, being forced gradually backward by means of the inclined shoulder C¹
engaging the lever D of the bolt.
This device for locking the forward end of the extractor to the bolt is not
limited. in its application to turn-bolt guns, inasmuch as it may be quite as
effectively applied in an analogous manner to guns of other types, in which the
retracting or opening movement of the breech block in conjunction with the
extracting resistance of the cartridge may be utilized to lock the extractor head.
When employed with guns of other types, it is obvious that the extractor
engaging parts thereof, which perform the functions of the rib 14, and the
locking groove 19, must be adapted to suit both the longitudinal and trans-
verse movements of the bolt or breech block relatively to .the extractor. In
all cases, it is desirable that the lock shall be located as closely as possible
to the extractor hook in order that it may be held rigidly when in the locked
position.
THE BOLT STOP AND EJECTOR.
This device is fully illustrated by Figures 35 to 45 wherein it is designated in n
general way by the letter 1. The said device is preferably an integral piece made
of a sufficient length to insure the desired degree of elasticity. It is provided at
its forward end with a flange 30, which is fitted to: slide in a corresponding
undercut recess 31 in the receiver C. The opposite end of the device is provided
with a latch 32, fitted to engage with a correspondingly undercut recess 33 in the
receiver. The ends of these flanges and their recesses are preferably of the semi-
circular form shown in Figure 40, in order to enable the recesses to be conveniently
cut out by a rotary milling cutter. The device is also provided with the thumb
piere 34, which projects above the receiver to un extent sufficient to enable it to
be operated by the finger or thumb of the operator, the surface of the thumb-.
piece being preferably roughened or fluted for this purpose...
"
As a means for stopping the bolt, the abutment 35 is made to project throughi
the opening 36 in the receiver into the path of the stop engaging lug B of the
bolt head, as shown in Figure 42. The forward face 35 of this abutment is maile
approximately at right angles to the path of movement of. the bolt, while the

page_text: rearward face 35° is made inclined to enable the bolt, by engaging therewith, to.
spring the bolt stop out of the way in the operation of inserting the bolt, as shown
in Figure 44.
As a means for effecting the positive ejection of the empty cartridge cases the
device has been provided with a forwardly extending fin 37, which projects through
the recess 38 in the receiver, and into the groove 39 of the bolt B. The forward
end of this ejecting fin is located far enough in front of the abutting face 35° of the
bolt-stop to enable it to project beyond the rearward position of the front end of the
bolt, as shown in Figure 42, so as to throw the cartridge shell C positively to one
side, as shown in this figure, the said fin co-operating with the extractor 12.
At its forward end the device is preferably provided with a projecting thumb-
piece 40, which is adapted to cover the opening made by the backward or latching
movement of the belt stop with relation to the receiver, and the outward surface
of the thumb-piece is preferably roughened to enable the operator to more firmly
seize it.
The portion 41 lying between the thumb-piece 40 and the ejector fin 37 is
reduced so as to form a spring, and is preferably curved as shown in Figures 35
and 39, so as to hold the stop and ejector end of the device with spring tension to
its seat in the receiver, when the flange 30 is seated in the recess 31 in the
receiver.
The groove 39 in the bolt B, best shown in Figure 45 is made of a sufficient
depth to enable the ejector to project well within the pathway of the cartridge.
The path of this groove must be made to suit the movement of the bolt, the lateral
divergence of the groove shown in Figure 45, being for the purpose of enabling the
bolt to perform the quarter turu about its axis for locking it in its forward position,
as herein before.described.
In the assembling operation, the device is applied to the receiver in the position.
shown by dotted lines in Figure 41, with the flange 30 entering its recess 31-in the.
receiver, the elasticity of the reduced portion 41 of the bolt stop enabling the
rearward portion to spring outwardly while the device is being pushed forward
from the dot and dash position of Figure 41 until its latch 32 reaches the position.
shown in Figures 43 and 44 with relation to the receiver, which allows the rearward
end to spring down upon its seat; the latch 32 can then be pushed backward into
its recess 33, as shown in Figure 42. To disconnect the parts, the operations are
reversed, the device being first pushed forward until its rearward latch 32 can be
pushed out to the position shown in Figure 43, and then it is drawn backwardly to
the position shown in Figure 41, which allows of its removal:
When the bolt stop is in the latched position shown in Figure 42, it is obvious
that the repeated blows imparted to the face 35" of the abutment 35, due to ther
stopping of the bolt by the abutment, and the impact of the empty cartridge case
against the ejector, all serve to retain the device more firmly in its latched position.
In order to enable. the bolt head to be withdrawn, it is only necessary to push
the device forward by means of either of its thumb-pieces 34 or 40, so as to bring
the latch 32 out of its recess 33, when the bolt stop may be sprung outwardly to the
position shown in Figure 43, the forward flange 30 remaining still in engagement
in its recess. After the bolt has been withdrawn, the bolt stop springs back to its
seat upon the receiver, where it may, remain until the parts are again assembled.
Upon the insertion of the bolt from the rearward end of the receiver, as shown
in Figure 44, it impinges against the inclined surface 35 of the bolt stop, thereby
forring its rear end outwardly again to the position. shown in Figure 43, the bolt
stop springing back again to its seat in the receiver as soon as the lug. B has
passed by the face 35% of the abutment, the next, backward movement of the bolt
against the abutment 35, serving to move the bolt stop to its latched position shown
in Figure 42:
.I ...
:
.It is not essential that the device comprising the bolt stop and ejector be out
out, forged, or otherwise made in a single solid piece. The iconditions to which
the term "integral " is herein applied would be satisfied by a construction in which.

page_text: two or more parts were rivetted or otherwise secured together to form the device,
so long as that device in its entirety operates as one piece.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me-
by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A cartridge containing filler or packet provided with a rearwardly extending
clip or clips, adapted to engage with or to clasp suitable supporting means on the
receiver of the gun, for the purpose specified.
2. A sheet metal cartridge containing filler or packet having its longitudinal'
edges bent forward and inwardly to engage with the heads of the cartridges,.
and having its rearward wall slit and bent rearwardly, and curved to form a
spring clip or clips or a clasp or clasps for retaining the filler in suitable
position upon the fire arm, substantially as described.
3. In a fire arm, a receiver provided with a lug with which a clip on the filler
engages substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
4. In combination with the receiver the aforesaid lug provided with an enlarged
or rounded retaining head, and with a recess below its enlarged portion adapted to
receive the end of the clip on the filler after the latter has been sprung over the
enlarged portion, for the purpose specified.
5. The combination of a filler provided with a clip and of a retaining lag upon
the receiver, the lug having an enlarged and rounded portion over which the
point of the clip is adapted to be sprung, whereby the lug serves to retain the
filler during the transfer of its cartridges to the receiver, and serves as a hinge-
upon which the emptied filler may be swung backward by the bolt, for the purpose.
specified.
6. In a fire arm, a receiver having a filler receiving recess in the rearward wall
of the breech opening thereof, the side walls of the recess being adapted to sustain
the cartridge filler against lateral movement relatively to the breech, and the
rearward wall being provided with a filler sustaining lug adapted to be engaged by
a suitable clip upon the filler, substantially as and for the purposes described.
7. A magazine having the upper portion of its side wall hinged to allow of its.
being swung laterally outward, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
8. A magazine having the upper portion of its side wall hinged at its forward
end, whereby the rearward or cartridge head end may be swung laterally outward,-
for the purpose specified.
9. A modification of the magaziue-closer in which the upper portion of one of
the side walls of the magazine is so hinged that it will turn in a vertical plane
for the purpose specified.
10. In combination with the magazine, a closer pivotally mounted thereon, and
adapted when closed to form a continuation of one of the side walls of the magazine'
substantially as described.
11. In a magazine, the walls of which are contracted at the upper portion.
thereof for the purpose specified, a closer pivotally attached thereto, and adapted
when closed to form the space-contracting portion of one of the walls of the
magazine.
12. A magazine closer hinged at its forward end and provided with a lateral
extension at its rearward end, for the purposes specified.
13. In combination with a magazine, a mouth closer pivotally mounted thereon,.
and provided with an inclined cam portion, substantially as described.
14. The combination with the magazine closer of a lock adapted to engage:
therewith and to force the closer to its closed position, substantially as described.
15. The combination with the magazine closer, of a lock for the closer, and of a
key operatively connected therewith, the said key being so disposed in relation to
the magazine as to unlock the closer when pushed in the direction opposite to that
in which the cartridges enter the magazine, substantially, as described and for the
purpose specified.
-

page_text: 16. The combination, with a magazine closer hinged to one of the side-walls of
the magazine and adapted to work in a vertical plane, of a spring, arranged and
operating to normally hold the closer in its closed position, substantially as described.
17. In combination with a magazine. and with an operating key mounted
thereon, the herein described dust-guard extending from the side wall of the
magazine, and made approximately of the same width as the key, which is
provided with a suitably shaped slot therefor, substantially as described.
18. In a magazine, in combination with the side wall thereof, a cut-off pivotally
mounted thereon so that its cartridge engaging end projects through a slot in the
side wall into suitable relation to the uppermost cartridge in the magazine, and
means for operating the said cut-off substantially as described.
19. A turn bolt provided with an annular or circumferential rib, adapted to
engage with and carry the extractor longitudinally with the bolt while permitting
rotary or oscillatory movement of the bolt with relation to the extractor,
substantially as described.
20. In a fire arm of the class specified, the combination with the receiver, having
a longitudinal extractor-receiving groove therein, of a bolt adapted to slide longi-
tudinally and to partially rotate in the receiver, the said bolt being provided with
an annular or circumferential rib adapted to engage with and carry the extractor
longitudinally in the receiver, substantially as described.
21. A turn bolt, provided with an annular or circumferential extractor engaging
rib, undercut on one of its sides for the purpose specified.
22. A cartridge-extractor, provided with a locking shoulder adapted when
locked to prevent the extractor from springing laterally away from the cartridge,
and adapted to be moved to its locked position by the extraction resisting tendency
of the cartridge:
23. A cartridge extractor, provided with a locking shoulder and with means
acting in conjunction with the shoulder, whereby the extractor is locked against
Interal movement with relation to the cartridge during the extraction thereof, and
is unlocked by the action of pushing the cartridge into its chamber..
24. The combination with the breech closing bolt, provided with a locking recess
adjacent to its forward end, of an extractor carried by the bolt, and having a
locking shoulder adapted to engage in the locking recess of the bolt, the said.
extractor being capable of moving longitudinally with relation to the bolt
sufficiently to lock and unlock their engaging shoulders, substantially as described.
25. The annular or circumferential rib at the forward end of the bolt, and its.
circumferential locking recess adapted to engage with the extractor during the
turning movement of the bolt.
26. Means for uniting a breech-closing bolt and the bolt-head, provided with a
stem having a projecting lug thereon, the bolt being adapted to receive the stem
and the lug and having a transverse locking recess in advance of the lug, with a
locking picce adapted to fill the recess, substantially as described.
27. The combination with the bolt having a longitudinal and a transverse recess
in its wall, of a head provided with a locking lug, adapted to enter the longitudinal
recess in the wall, and of a locking piece adapted to fill the remainder of the recess,
for the purpose specified.
28. A breech closing bolt comprising a chambered portion to receive a firing pin,.
and having a recess in its wall substantially in the form of a cross, a bolt-head
having a portion to fit the chamber of the bolt and provided with a lug thereon
adapted to fill the upper portion of the cross-shaped recess, and a locking piece
adapted to fill the remainder of the recess, substantially as described.
29. The locking piece fitted in the wall of the bolt in advance of the retaining
lug on the bolt-head, and located beneath the extractor, whereby the latter is
utilized to retain the locking piece in its recess, substantially as described.
30. A firing pin provided with an enlarged portion or collar adapted to engage
with a suitable, shoulder which acts as a stop to limit the rearward movement of
the firing pin for the purpose specified.

page_text: 31. The breech closing bolt, bored to receive the firing pin from its forward end,
and having the forward end of the bore enlarged to receive a correspondingly
eularged portion near the forward end of the firing pin, the latter being adapted to
abut against the rearward shoulder of the enlarged bore at a point in its backward
movement within the limit of compression of the spring, for the purpose specified.
32. A breech closing bolt adapted to receive the firing pin at its front end, a
detachable bolt-head adapted to close the forward end of the opening in the bolt,
and means for locking the holt-head rigidly to its bolt, substantially as described.
33. A locking key for the purpose specified, provided with a split friction ring,
substantially as described.
34. In combination with a screw-threaded pin and its nut, each provided with
thread interrupting grooves, which coincide when the threads are in proper
engagement, a locking key capable of fitting in one of the grooves, and having a
friction ring which is adapted to clasp the aforesaid pin behind the nut, for the
purpose specified.
35. In a fire arm, means for uniting the firing pin and its cocking piece
substantially as described.
36. A combined bolt stop and cartridge ejector formed substantially as
described.
37. The combination with the breech closing boit and the cartridge extractor,
of a combined bolt stop and cartridge ejector formed in one piece, having an
abutment located in suitable engaging relation to the bolt, and provided with an
ejecting fin adapted to extend beyond the forward end of the bolt when the latter
is in its backward position against the abutment, substantially as described.
38. A detachable bolt stop provided with an elastic receiver engaging portion,
and with an abutment having a stopping face for the bolt, and also having an
inclined rearward face whereby the stop may be sprung outwardly by the bolt in
the assembling operation, substantially as described.
39. A bolt stop and ejector provided with an elastic extension terminating in
receiver engaging flanges, the extended or elastic portion thereof being curved so
as to hold the bolt stop and ejector portion with spring tension normally toward
their operative positious, substantially as described.
40. A magazine fire-arm constructed substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 28th day of April 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.