IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING, CLEANING, AND PURIFYING BUTTER SCRAPINGS, BUTTER, AND ARTIFICIAL SUBSTITUTES THEREFOR."
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William MoDonnell and Charles
McDonnell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th April
1878.
WILLIAM MCDONNELL and CHARLES M*DONNELL, both of the City and County of
Limerick, Ireland. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR
MANUFACTURING, CLEANING, AND PURIFYING BUTTER SCRAPINGS, BUTTER, AND
ARTIFICIAL SUBSTITUTES THEREFOR."
Our Invention refers to improvements upon an Invention for which Letters
Patent were granted to us the 6th October 1873, No. 3233, and to another Invention
of ours, provisionally protected, 15th June 1876, No. 2482,
According to the Specification of our 1873 Patent, we proposed to melt butter
scrapings and to churn them in a liquid state with milk, buttermilk, or cream, with
or without the addition of disinfectants.
In proceeding according to our present Invention for the treatment of butter
scrapings we place the same in long narrow vessels, preferably of tinned metal, but
vessels of other material may be used, and the vessels containing the scrapings are
placed in water or in a chamber heated to a heat which ought not to exceed 130
degrees Fahrenheit, or a temperature just sufficient to melt the scrapings. We now
take, say, about half the quantity of material intended to be operated upon, and
plunge it into cold water or other cold fluid, and agitate them, or we pour it on
marble basins or any other cold surface. By this means the rapid chill produces
solidity in the butter, and imparts to it a smooth grain. We then place it in a
solid state in a churn with some cream, milk, or buttermilk, and churn until they
become nearly blended into one mass, when we pour in the remainder of the liquid
scrapings, and churn again until the entire takes a consistency thicker than cream.
We now pour all out on marble basins, or into tubs or other vessels, and permit it to
rest until it assumes the solid texture of butter. It is then submitted to pressure,
either by passing it through revolving rollers, or using other pressure, and by this
means much of the milk is worked out of it; this mode of expressing the milk may

page_text: also in the aforesaid process patented by us in 1873 be substituted for the washing
process therein described, and the material thus far treated may then be finished
for the market, according to this present Invention. The mass having been sub-
mitted to pressure takes the texture and appearance of good butter, and is fit for
salting and packing. When it is desired to improve the quality still further good
butter may be blended with it, and in and by the pressing or revolving roller
process..
We are aware that it has been proposed to immerse butter in cold water, but so
far as we can ascertain the entire mass has been plunged in water, and afterwards
it is salted and packed, whereas our treatment of only immersing a portion and
churning produces quite a different result.
Instead of using vessels as before described we sometimes employ, under a
modified arrangement of our Invention, a churn with a jacket round it. The jacket
has a large escape pipe at the bottom, and another pipe enters at the top. From
this pipe we supply cold or iced water to the jacket, revolve the churn, and when
the water in the jacket of the churn becomes too hot, having taken its heat from
the liquid scrapings which we place in the churn, we open the escape pipe at the
bottom, and admit a fresh supply of cold water to the jacket. This means would
be found most useful in cooling down lard, and we claim it for this purpose also.
The rollers revolving in a frame are important for the purposes of our Invention,
and the several processes before described are intended to be applied to the manu-
facture of butter generally, and also as improvements in the manufacture of artificial
butter from fat, oleine, or margarine. We would also claim them as a manner by
which butter or butter scrapings may be blended to produce artificial butter.