Improvements in and connected with Siemens's Regenerative Furnaces.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1856
Complete Specification Left, 1 th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 19th June, 1997
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Siemens's Regenerative
Furnaces.
1, FRANZ SVOBODA, of Altsohl, Hungary, Works Manager, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My improvements consist of the arrangement of slant frames or plates which narrow
the furnace downwardly, and of the division of the air and gas conduits into two or
more compartments already separated by the reversing contrivance and regulated by
adjustable mechanism actuated by the said reversing device. To obtain a proper and
economic working of a furnace, as well as to promote its durability it is necessary to
properly divide, regulate and guide the flames and to cool thoroughly the parts which
are exposed to the most intense heat.
By the use of slanting frames which narrow the furnaces downwardly the fire-proof
wall need be nowhere very thick whereby a great economy of material, and a better
cooling is obtained thus increasing the durability of the furnace. The refractory
material whether compressed or walled in lies better against slanting than against
vertical walls and cannot so readily drop from the same, and at the same time allowing
of repairs being more easily executed while the furnace is working. The treatment,
regulation and guiding of the flames in the oven are carried on in the following
manner: The drums which receive the reversing holders or reservoirs are divided in
the ordinary way into four chambers by means of two walls crossing each other in
the centre. One set of the chambers are connected with the gas and air valve, while
another set communicate with the stack. The other two chambers of each holder are
further divided by partitions into two or more compartiments, each of which is
connected with a channel or pipe leading to the furnace. The separation of the
different compartments in the regenerators results from the special constructive
arrangement of the furnace; as a corresponding hermetic separation of the same is in
nowise necessary.
Each compartment in the two drums is provided with a throttle
valve on the axis of rotation of which discs and a counterweight are fixed. From the
dises a chain is led which passes over rollers and terminates in screw bolts which
receive the bearing discs. The rollers serve only to guide the chains. Each reversing
holder or bell is furnished with ledges which when the reversing operation is completed,
depress as the holders are depressed, the bearing discs. As soon as the holders are
raised for reversing purposes, all the ledges are likewise raised and lift all the bearing
discs; the counterweights enter into action and close all the throttle valves. When
the reversing is completed all the holders are lowered as well as the stop ledges in
consequence whereof the throttle valves are according to their adjustment either
entirely, partly or not at all opened. The opening of the throttle valves can be
regulated by a prolongation of the chains which is effected in such a manner as to
displace the point of attachment, small differences being made up with a nut.
The travel of the gas and air is as follows: According to one arrangement the gas
and the air arrive from their corresponding valves, pass through one set of chambers,
and enter the holders or bells whence they reach compartments, wherein the inflow is
egulated by the above described mechanism after which they proceed further through
he channels or pipes on one side in order to reach the furnace where they are

page_text: consumed, the products of combustion following a similar way on the other side
through the compartments where the outflow is regulated, to the holders or reservoirs
and thence to the stack through another set of chambers. When reversing, the gas
and air used for combustion take the contrary direction to that of the products of
combustion; the characteristic feature of this arrangement being the regulation of the
inflow independently of the outflow through the same throttle valve. When, for
the inflow, the passage of air and gas into a compartment has been regulated by
means of the throttle valve and by the action of one set of the discs, chains, ledges
and rollers; and another set of discs, chains, ledges and rollers enter into action when
the products of combustion escape outwardly. The following advantages result from
this arrangement: The gas and air used for combustion can always be allowed to
enter the combustion chamber through each compartment either fully or in a throttled
condition and the products of combustion can always be led in any suitable direction
and can be thus kept off any damaged portion of the furnace whereby the furnace
works better and will last much longer than usual.
Dated this 18th day of May 1896.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
Chartered Patent Agents,
62 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Siemens's Regenerative
Furnaces.
I, FRANZ SVOBODA, of Altsohl, Hungary, Works Manager, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
These improvements have for their object to increase the durability and augment
the production or efficacy of furnaces by a better cooling of their walls and door frames
or jambs as well as by regulating the flames.
The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 being a vertical section of a regenerative furnace,
Fig. 2 a section in the direction of C-D through a pier post or jamb of the hearth
proper, and
Fig. 3 a section through a pier post in the direction of A-B.
Figure 4 is a vertical section of a regenerative furnace showing the gas and air
chambers, and Fig. 5 a horizontal section at two different levels of same.
Figure 6 is a section on the line X-Y, Fig. 8,
Fig. 7 is an elevation at right angles to, and of the part cut by X-Y, and
Fig. 8 is a part plan and part horizontal section on the line x-o, Fig. 6 of the
reversing contrivance.
The object of the invention is attained in the following manner :-
By the construction of sloping encircling or outer walls W, Figs. 1, 2, 3, the
refractory material need be nowhere extra thick, whereby a considerable economy of
material is effected, the cooling is more thorough and hence the durability of the
furnace is greatly increased. The refractory material, whether used in the form of
blocks or in the form of powder, can be better set along sloping than along vertical
walls, and as the joints are inclined towards the sloping walls, parts or pieces which
may have been cracked by the heat remain adhering to the walls instead of dropping
off as heretofore. The regulation of the flames and hence the distribution of the heat
within the furnace is effected by dividing the quadrant of the reversing contrivance,
whether gas or air is present, into two or more compartments A, B, and A2, B³,

page_text: Figs. 5 and 8, this division being continued by the canals or by suitable pipes as far
as the beat accumulators. Each compartment A1, B1, A2, B2, has a register or damper d
Figs. 6 and 8, which is actuated, at each reversal, by the reversing contrivance and
forms a means of escape or opening for the gases and air drawn for consumption in
the furnace as well as for the escaping products of combustion. Upon the rotary axis
of this damper d Figs. 6, 7 and 8 is mounted a disc al, a disc s2 and a counter-weight g.
A chain k led from the disc s¹, passes over the roller and terminates in a screw bolt
which receives a stop disc a¹. From the disc another chain k is led which passes
over the roller 2 anil has a screw bolt attached to its end which bolt is secured to
another stop disc a². Each reversing bell or holder is furnished with lugs and 12,
Figs. 6 and 8. When these holders are adjusted in one direction, the lug comes
to hear against the stop disc a', whereby the chain k is stretched, the counter-weight
is raised and the damper d is, according to the position of the parts, either fully
opened, partly opened or entirely closed. But when the reversal is effected in another
direction, the parts I, a', and ki, are thrown out of gear, while on the contrary the
parts, a, k2, come now into operation and the damper is operated again and is,
according to the position of the parts, either fully opened, partly opened or closed
altogether. By lengthening or shortening the chains kl and the damper can be
adjusted according to requirements. Each damper of the compartments A1, B1, A2, B2,
is actuated by similar mechanism.
According to this arrangement the gas and air intended for combustion escape from
their respective valves and enter into the reversing contrivance and its compart-
ments A1, B1, or A2, B2, where the draught is regulated by the dampers; they are
subsequently drawn through the separated canals or pipe conduits, int the heat
accumulators (or storing apparatus) whence they are conveyed through inlet openings
into the furnace where they are consumed. The products of this combustion take an
opposite direction at the other side of the furnace, the draught being regulated in the
divisions B2, A2, or B', A', and they enter the reversing contrivance in order to escape
through the chimney stack.
The operation of the mechanism for adjusting the regulator valve or damper is as
follows:When reversing the bells are raised and turned through an angle of 90°.
The lug is likewise raised with the bells and ceases to exert a pressure on the stop
disc a', the counterweight begins to act and the regulator valve is closed. When the
bells are turned through an angle of 90°, and are allowed to drop, the lug 12 comes to
bear upon the stop disc a2 and lowers the same, in consequence whereof the chain is
tightened, the counterweight is raised and the regulator valve is opened according
to the adjustment. When the reversing takes place again, according to the first
adjustment, the same cycle of operations is renewed, the lug bearing on the
stop disc a¹.
By lengthening or shortening the chains, k², the regulator valve can be regulated
according to requirements. Each regulator valve of the compartments A', A2, B1, B2, is
provided, for gas as well as for air, with similar mechanism. According to this
arrangement when, for instance, the partition wall in the reversing bells has the
direction m, n, Figs. 5 and 8, the gas and air will proceed from their respective valves v
into the quadrant u, Figs. 5 and 8 successively entering the bells and escaping over
the partition wall m in order to reach the compartments A1, B1, where the admission
is regulated and whence they pass, through the conduits or channels c, c, on to the
regenerators in order to arrive in the oven where they are consumed. The combustion
gases escape in a contrary direction and pass through the conduits c. c, Fig. 5, on the
left hand side, into the compartments A2, B2, where the escapement is regulated, these
gases subsequently proceeding into the stack or chimney over the partition wall n
through the bells and through the quadrant u.
It is not necessary that the flues in the heat accumulators should be hermetically
closed one to the other or separated, as the gas and the air take the shortest road,
between the inlet and outlet openings or orifices, through the heat accumulators.
Owing to this arrangement, the entrance of the gas and air required for the
combustion as well as the escape of the products of such combustion can be properly

page_text: regulated, the latter products being thoroughly kept off from any attacked portion of
the furnace thus greatly increasing the durability of the said furnace, while at the
same time obtaining a better working of the latter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
The provision of sloping encircling or outer plates W Figs. 1, 2, 3, and the
division, into two or more compartments, of the gas and air canals or pipe conduits
between the reversing device and the heat accumulators c, c, Fig. 5, together with the
regulation of the inflow and of the outflow in the compartments A', B', A2, B2,
Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, by means of dampers or registers actuated by the reversing
contrivance, substantially as described.
Dated this 18th of
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
Chartered Patent Agents,
62 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents for the Applicant.