Improvements relating to the Fireproofing of Buildings.
Year: 1889

page_text: Improvements relating to the Fireproofing of Buildings.
I, GEORGE HAYES of No. 71 Eighth Avenue, in the City County and State of
New York, United States of America Civil and Mechanical Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO THE FIRE-
PROOFING OF BUILDINGS" and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My improvements relate to the fireproofing of Beams in buildings-to ceiling
construction also blocking between beams to prevent the passage of fire and
communication of sound from Room to Room-also fireproofing of Girders and columns―
also to formation of fireproof Partition or division walls and enclosures for light
shafts and Elevators.
And my invention consists in clothing the lowermost face of each beam (as for
instance iron flanged beams) with a sheet-metal lathing formed with upturned flanges
or bends extending upwards and curving over the flanges of the beam as a grip.
It also consists of a Blocking or "Buildings Block" formed up of sheet metal
hollow having its lowermost faces adapted to receive and hold plaster as a ceiling and
its uppermost face adapted to hold plaster concrete or other composition as a deafening
and fireproof filling and the Block thus formed adapted for placing between beams
with its ends resting upon the flanges of the Beams or otherwise supported thereby
with its lowermost face in a plane with the clothing of the Beams to form the lathing
for the ceiling of the Room beneath.
It also consists of a casing for Girders and columns with exterior surface adapted
to receive plaster, as lathing and at the back or interior adapted for being secured to
the Girder or Column at a distance which will leave a dead air space between the
lathing and that which it encloses.
It also consists of sheet metal lathing formed up of hollow blocks with exterior
faces adapted to hold plaster and the Blocks adapted to the formation of partitions
enclosures for light and elevator shafts.

page_text: It also consists of the said partition blocks in combination with studs, angle iron
and other devices for support-steadying, strengthening &c., all. as bereinafter more
fully described reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which
"
Figure 1. represents in perspective the end of a flanged iron beam with its lower-
most face clothed with the sheet metal lathing plates-and at one side of the same-one
half of a lathing or
building block" its near end in section and the other resting
upon the flange of the beam-the lower face of the lathing block and clothing plate
flush or to a plane for reception of the ceiling plaster.
Figure 2 represents in perspective a piece of the "clothing plate" detached.
Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a portion of a vertical wall lathed with
metallic lathing having a cove formed therein at the upper part and plastered-at
the base of the figure is shown at tier of I beams with clothed lower faces and
lathing blocks from beam to beam upon which is shown plaster or concrete.
At the upper part another tier of beams is shown with clothing and lathing blocks.
Figure 4 shows an iron column encased with metallic lathing.
Figure 5 shows in perspective a face of the lathing with the tongued apertures
characteristic of my lathing.
Figure 6 is a back view of the piece of the lathing with apertures.
Figure 7 is a cross section of wooden Beams-with floor and ceiling also lathing-
blocks inserted between with concrete thereon.
Figure 8 shows in section a Girder clothed with the lathing plates.
Figure 9. 10, 11 and 12 are sections of wood, and iron columns clothed with the
lathing Illustrating various ways of applying the same.
Figure 13 shows in perspective a partition formed of the lathing with wooden
studs as at a doorway.
Figure 14 shows in perspective a partition of the partition blocks and angle iron
supports.
Figure 15 is a partition in perspective formed of the partition blocks and metal
tubing it may be Gas or water pipes.
Figure 16, shows a partition of blocks alone they being in triangular in section and
fitted together from opposite sides.
Figure 17 shows in perspective a wooden posts or studs clothed with the lathing
and between the posts lathing blocks inserted forming a partition.
Figure 18 shows a similar construction with bar iron posts.
Figure 19 shows a similar construction with channel or 1 iron posts.
Figure 20 shows in perspective a form of lathing blocks for insertion between
beams intended to have an arched form from beam to beam to receive the concrete
above.
Figure 21 is a perspective view of another especially adapted for large span.
On the drawings A, indicates a flanged iron beam as used in buildings, B, indicates
sheet-metal lathing applied to the lowermost face of the beam with edges' turned up
and curved over the Hanges of the beam to which it hanges C, indicates a Building
Block or lathing Block formed up of sheet metal hollow-it has its ends adapted
for resting upon the flanges of the beams as shown at C, and bridging the span-has
its lowermost face flush with the lathing which clothes the beams.
Being thus set in between the beams until the space is filled-and plastered upon
their lower face a ceiling is formed with a plane surface.
The Blocks require no nailing or other fastening but rest securely on the beams.
Their lower face is formed with punctured and tongued openings to receive and afford
"key" for the plaster as shown in Fig. 5-throughout their entire surface at suital
intervals the other faces of the blocks may be similarly provided with apertures or
perforated simply a filling of plaster concrete or other material is placed upon the
upper surface of the blocks-filling all interstiched and constituting an air tight
covering thus with upper and under surfaces covered a construction is obtained
through which Fire will not pass and water will not leak, and the dead air space
within heremetically sealed prevents also the communication of sound.

page_text: I do not confine myself to one particular shape for the Blocks sectionally-I have
shown in Figs. 1. 20, and, 21 the most desirable forms-that of Fig. 21, is especially
adapted for large span having increased heighth vertically when in position-with
arched top.
Figs. 1. and 21. show the block with twin hollows-they may be so made or singly
as desired.
Figure 7, shows an analogous formation applied to wooden beams whereby a
hollow boxing of lathing block is obtained and the beams rendered comparitively
Fireproof.
I also enclose Girders and Columns whether iron or wood with sheet metal lathing
so that a bollow metallic block is obtained with dead air space-when plastered
externally-thereby rendering them proof against heat or fire.
I also construct partitions inside of Buildings and also outer walls of hollow
Building Blocks formed up of sheet metal lathing having one or more face punctured
with tongued apertures as in Fig. 5, the blocks placed together as in Figures 13, 14,
15, 16, 17, 18 and 19, which illustrate preferable forms-such partition Blocks may
enclose wooden studding, Posts, etc. angle iron or other iron Post, piping which may
be used for water, Gas, &c., or they may be made exclusively of the Blocks wired or
otherwise secured together.
When plastered such Blocking makes a strong durable and Fireproof wall or
Partition inaccessible to Rats, Mice or other vermin.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First A clothing plate to cover the lowermost face of a flooring beam-said plate
having upturned flanges grasping the beam and its lowermost and exposed face
adapted to receive and hold plaster as lathing essentially as shown and described.
Second A hollow sheet metal Block for insertion between flooring beams in a
building its lowermost and exposed face adapted to receive and hold plaster as
lathing essentially as shown and described.
Third A hollow sheet metal Block for insertion between beams in a building
having both lowermost and uppermost faces adapted to receive and hold plaster
essentially as shown and described.
Fourth In a building the construction of ceilings by a combination of hollow sheet
metal Blocks supported by the Beams and having their lowermost faces coated with
plaster essentially as shown and described.
Fifth The formations of ceilings in buildings by lathings plates of sheet metal as
clothing covering the bottom faces of Beams--and lathing blocks reaching from Beam
to Beam, supported thereby the lathings plates and blocks presenting a plane surface
upon which is spread the plaster ceiling essentially as shown and described.
Sixth-As a means preventing passage of fire between beams in a building two
surfaces of sheet metal lathing one facing upwards and one facing downward at a
distance apart to form a dead air space and both lathing surfaces covered with
plaster concrete or other analogous composition essentially as shown and described.
Seventh A fireproof covering for girders in building consisting of a casing of
sheet-metal lathing formed and so attached to the girder that a dead air space is
formed between the lathing and girder after plastering essentially as shown and
described.
Eighth A fireproof covering for wood or Iron Columns-consisting of a casing of
sheet-inetal lathing formed and so attached that a dead air spaces is formed between
the lathing and columns after plastering essentially as shown and described.
Ninth A lathing block for partitions and enclosure to light elevator shafts in
buildings formed hollow of sheet-metal and having one or more faces adapted to
receive and hold plaster essentially as shown and described.
Tenth The formation of a partition and other walls in a building by a combination
of the hollow sheet metal lathing blocks essentially as shown and described.

page_text: Eleventh-The formation of partition and other walls by a combination of the
hollow sheet metal lathing blocks and metal tubing essentially as shown and
described.
Twelfth-The formation of partitions or other walls in buildings by a combination
of the hollow sheet metal lathing blocks and angle irons essentially as shown and
described.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London
Agents for the Applicant.