IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES AND SIMILAR VESSELS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Scope Davison of Sunderland in the County of
Durham, Glass Manufacturer, for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS
FOR BOTTLES AND SIMILAR VESSELS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Scope Davison at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th October 1883.
JAMES SCOPE DAVISON of Sunderland in the County of Durham, Glass
Manufacturer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES AND
VESSELS
SIMILAR
My invention relates to stoppers for bottles, or similar vessels, which have a
screw formed inside the mouth or neck, the stopper being inserted from the
outside.
In the first mode of applying my invention I make a plain stopper of clean wood
of suitable hardness turned with a slight taper so that it will exactly fit the inner
diameter of thread of screw formed in bottle mouth, on being first inserted. In
this stopper I fix a stud or studs (preferably one only) which studs may be round
or oval projecting so as to fit into the thread of screw in mouth or neck of bottle.
This stopper has a collar or head formed upon it, grooved or milled to take hold of,
and under this collar or head is an india-rubber or other elastic washer. The
stopper being inserted, pressed down and turned in the direction of the screw
thread in bottle neck, the stud or studs enter the thread and travel in it until the
washer under head comes into contact with the bottle mouth and, being now
further screwed down, a perfectly air tight joint is made between the washer and
bottle mouth. In cases where the contained liquid is under high pressure it may
be requisite to fit two or more studs into the stopper so as to bear in the screw
thread at two or more points of the circumference, but for ordinary liquors such as
still wines, ales, stout, cider, &c, I prefer one stud only as the stopper can thus be made
to fit any pitch of screw. Although I prefer to make the stoppers of wood, as
being clean and neat, they may be made of any other material and may, in some
cases, have the stud or studs formed upon them.

page_text: In a second mode of applying my invention to liquids not under pressure, I propose
to make the stopper of such wood as will, by its softness and elasticity, allow of a
thread being formed upon it (when screwed with pressure into the bottle) corre-
sponding with the thread of screw in bottle neck, thus fixing it without studs or
pins. In this case willow "saph" or other soft wood, or cork, may be used to
make the stopper with the collar or head either turned upon it or attached to it by
a rivet or otherwise. This form of stopper I have found makes a very good joint,
and, in the case of certain liquids, the elastic washer may be dispensed with. In
any application of the stopper without studs I may increase the elastic effect of the
stopper by cutting it from the lower end with one or more incisions across its
diameter extending to one half, or thereabout, of its length and I would use such
a stopper, with or without an elastic washer as the contained liquid may require.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Scope Davison in the Patent Office on the 8th April
1884.
JAMES SCOPE DAVISON of Sunderland in the County of Durham Glass
Manufacturer IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES AND SIMILAR VESSELS
My invention relates to stoppers for bottles, or similar vessels, which have a
screw formed inside the mouth or neck, the stopper being inserted from the
outside.
.
In the first mode of applying my invention I make a plain stopper of clean wood
of suitable hardness, turned with a slight taper so that it will exactly or nearly fit
the inner diameter of thread of screw formed in bottle mouth, on being first
inserted. In this stopper I fix a stud or studs (preferably one only) which studs
may be round or oval projecting so as to fit into the thread of screw in mouth or
neck of bottle. This stopper has a collar or head formed upon it, grooved or milled
to take hold of and under this collar or head is an india rubber or other elastic
washer. The stopper being inserted pressed down and turned in the direction of
the screw thread in bottle neck, the stud or studs enter the thread and travel in it
until the washer under head comes into contact with the bottle mouth and, being
now further screwed down, a perfectly air tight joint is made between the washer
and bottle mouth. In cases where the contained liquid is under high pressure it
may be requisite to fit two or more studs into the stopper so as to bear in the
screw thread at two or more points of the circumference, but for ordinary liquors
such as still wines, ales, stout, cider & I prefer one stud only as the stopper can
thus be made to fit any pitch of screw and as I have found in practical application
that one stud fulfils every requirement I do not propose to use more than one.
Although I prefer to make the stoppers of wood; as being clean and neat they
may be made of any other material and may in some cases, have the stud or studs
formed upon them. In applying my invention I have used with success stoppers
made of a composition enamelled with a very fine smooth surface which I call
"Ivorine" and I fit the projecting stud in such stoppers by certain methods which

page_text: Figure 11. Shews a wood Stopper with the stud S driven in like a spike with a
smooth round head.
Having now fully described my invention and illustrated several modes in which
I propose to carry it into practical application although I do not restrict myself to
the precise details of construction of the Stoppers and their studs or equivalent
fittings I declare that what I consider novel and therefore claim as secured to me
by Letters Patent is
Firstly. Fixing Stoppers in bottles or similar vessels, having screwed necks, by
means of a singly projecting stud in the Stopper arranged to work in the thread of
screw in bottle neck so as to make, with an elastic washer, a perfectly air and water
tight joint substantially as shewn and described
Secondly. Forming the heads of Stoppers for bottles or similar vessels with
screwed necks, fitted with single projecting studs, at such an angle, with the axis of
the Stopper, as to cause the head to press fairly down the elastic washer on mouth
of bottle when tightly. screwed in, substantially as shewn and described
Thirdly. In Stoppers for bottles or similar vessels with screwed necks, whether
with one or more projecting studs, and however arranged relatively one to another;
the mode of fitting such projecting studs whether formed as round studs, wheels or
eccentric buttons shewn in Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the accompanying
drawings, substantially as shewn and described.
In witness whereof I the said James Scope Davison have hereunto set my hand
and seal this second day of April in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty four
Witness:
T. J. DANSON F. Inst. P.A.
Consulting Engineer & Patent Agent
Newcastle upon Tyne
JAMES. S, DAVISON
(L.S.)