Improvements in or connected with Shoes for Horses and other Draught Animals.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 9th Mar., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Shoes for Horses and other
Draught Animals.
I EDMUND SEYMOUR COLCHESTER of Ashleworth, Honor Oak Park in the
County of Surrey, Landowner do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention relates to improvements in or connected with shoes for horses and
other draught animals.
Shoes are generally attached to the hoofs of horses mules or the like by nailing
and when an animal is required to be re-shod, the old shoe is torn off and the new
one secured in place by nailing.
This rough method of removing the shoe and the constant re-nailing tends to
destroy the hoof and often permanently injures the animal.
Now the primary object of the present invention is to construct the shoe in such
manner that the wearing portions thereof may be readily removed and replaced
without the necessity for re-nailing thus avoiding the troublesome, dangerous, and
expensive method hereinbefore referred to.
A further object of the invention is to construct the wearing surfaces in such
manner that a shoe will obtain a firm grip of the surface over which the animal is
travelling, and thus prevent it slipping, even in frosty weather.
A further object of the invention is to more or less cushion the shoe so as to
modify to some extent the concussion incidental to the contact of the shoe with the
roadway.
In carrying the invention into effect, the base of the shoe which is of ordinary
shape is formed of aluminium or an alloy consisting of suitable proportions of.
aluminium and iron or steel or the like so as to obtain the required degree of
strength combined with lightness and this part of the shoe is nailed to the hoof
of the animal in the ordinary way.
At suitable intervals upon this base are arranged a number of studs, bars, or calks
which are fixed in position by means of screw studs formed thereon which screw
into corresponding holes provided in the base of the shoe and the toe and heel calks
are similarly fixed in position.
These calks or studs constitute the wearing surface of the shoe and for that
purpose they are preferably formed of steel of the required degree of hardness or
the calks are formed of hardened steel and the screw studs are formed of mild steel
or iron or the like or the calks and studs might be formed of the same material as
the base.
In order to prevent the screw studs turning and working back, the calks are
transversely perforated, and every two calks are coupled by means of a length of
wire passing through the perforations and rivetted or otherwise fixed in position
and the toe calk is similarly fixed against turning.
In order to more or less cushion the shoe, pieces of india-rubber or other suitable
material of elliptical or other shape are inserted between some of the calks
and are held in place by means of the wires herein before described which pass
therethrough.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed aided by the accompanying drawings more fully
to describe the same.
↓

page_text: igure i is a side elevation of the hoof of a horse fitted with a shoe constructed
according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is an underside view thereof with some of the india-rubber cushions and
one of the calks removed.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of one of the calks separately.
Figure 4 is an end elevation thereof.
Figure 5 is an elevation of a modified form of calk.
Figure 6 is a plan thereof.
In the several figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
Referring to Figures 1 to 4, a represents the hoof of the animal and c represents
the base of the shoe which is of ordinary shape and is preferably formed of an
alloy consisting of suitable proportions of aluminium and iron or steel or the like
so as to obtain the required degree of strength combined with lightness, and this
part of the shoe is nailed to the hoof a of the animal by means of nails 6 in the
ordinary way.
At suitable intervals upon the base c are arranged a number of studs, bars, or
calks d which are fixed in position by means of screw studs d¹ formed thereon and
which screw into corresponding holes c¹ provided for that purpose in the base c of
the shoe and the toe calk d* and heel calks d are similarly fixed in position.
These calks or studs d d* constitute the wearing surface of the shoe, and for
that purpose they are preferably formed of steel of the required degree of hardness
or the calks d d* are formed of hardened steel and the screw studs are formed of
mild steel, iron, or the like or the calks and studs might be formed of the same
material as the base.
In order to prevent the screw studs d¹ turning and working back the calks d are
transversely perforated with a hole d² and they are coupled in pairs by means of a
length of wire e passing through the perforations d2 and at the ends rivetted or
otherwise fixed in position and the toe calk d* is similarly fixed in position against
turning as will be seen upon reference more particularly to Figure 2.
In order to more or less cushion the shoe, blocks of india-rubber or other
suitable material of elliptical or they might be of other shape are inserted between
some of the calks d and are held in place by means of the wires e hereinbefore
described which pass therethrough.
When it is desired to remove a worn or defective calk and replace it by a new
one, it is merely necessary to knock out the wire e and screw out the defective calk,
insert a new one in position and replace the wire, an operation which assuming
that the whole of the calks require renewing, need only occupy a comparatively
short time.
In the example given at Figures 5 and 6 a modified form of calk d is shown
consisting of a conical stud d and when employing calks of this shape they may be
arranged either in pairs transversely of the shoe or diagonally thereof as will be
readily understood, the same means as that hereinbefore described being employed
to prevent the accidental rotation thereof.
By the means hereinbefore described a shoe is obtained which is if anything
lighter than an ordinary horse shoe and which when the wearing parts are formed
of hardened steel or the like is more durable than are shoes of ordinary construction,
added to which the necessity for frequently re-shoeing is entirely obviated, as in
the event of the calks becoming worn, it is only necessary to replace them by new
ones, and this by means of the device herein before described can be readily effected,
thus materially saving expense to the owner and avoiding injury to the animal
whilst a shoe of this construction affords the animal a firm foothold even upon a
slippery surface thus avoiding the necessity for "roughing" the shoes in frosty
weather.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
clain is :-
1. In a horse shoe or the like, the combination of a base formed of aluminium
or an alloy of aluminium and iron or steel, or the like a number of removeable calks
constituting a wearing surface and means for fixing the calks in position substantially
as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
2. In a horse shoe or the like, the combination of a base of comparatively soft
metal a number of calks provided with screw studs, corresponding holes in the
base, perforations in the calks and wires for coupling them in pairs and preventing
the rotation thereof substantially as herein shown and described and for the
purpose stated.
3. In a horse shoe or the like the combination of a base of comparatively soft
metal, a number of calks provided with screw studs; corresponding holes in the
base and means for preventing the rotation of the calks substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.
4. In a horse shoe or the like the combination of a base of comparatively soft
metal a number of calks shaped to form bars or ribs transversely of the base and
means for fixing the calks with the base substantially as herein shown and described
and for the purpose stated.
5. In a horse shoe or the like the combination of a base of comparatively soft
metal, a number of calks shaped to form bars or ribs transversely of the base and
transversely perforated, wire for coupling and fixing the calks against rotation,
and several cushions of india-rubber or the like fixed between the calks by means
of the wires substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose
stated.
Dated this 26th day of January 1895.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.