IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF ARTIFICIAL MANURES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William John Lockyer, of the City of Bristol,
Manufacturing Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PREPARATION OF ARTIFICIAL MANURES."
Sealed the 27th August 1872, and dated the 14th March 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William John Lockyer
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 14th March 1872.
I, WILLIAM JOHN LOCKYER, of the City of Bristol, Manufacturing
5 Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF ARTIFICIAL MANURES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the preparation of artificial manures, and
consists in firstly converting crude or natural phosphate of lime into
what is known as a superphosphate of lime by means of an acid, as is

page_text: well understood, and then neutralising the acid present in the super-
phosphate by means of the ammoniacal products derived from the de-
structive distillation of bones, or of coal, or by ammonia, by any
well-known ordinary means. The products thus obtained will be found
to be well adapted for agricultural purposes, and particularly for the
cultivation of the sugar cane.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
atent,
filed by the said William John Lockyer in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 14th September 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
JOHN LOCKYER, in the City of Bristol, Manufacturing Chemist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William John Lockyer, Her
special license that I, the said William John Lockyer, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
John Lockyer, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF ARTIFICIAL MANURES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said William John Lockyer,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said.
Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William John Lockyer, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the preparation of artificial manures, and
consists in firstly converting crude or natural phosphate of lime into
what is known as a superphosphate of lime by means of an acid, as is
well understood, and then neutralizing the acid present in the super-
phosphate by means of the ammoniacal products derived from the de-
structive distillation of bones, or of coal, or by ammonia, by any
well-known ordinary means. The products thus obtained will be found
to be well adapted for agricultural purposes, and particularly for the
cultivation of the sugar cane.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same.
In carrying out my Invention I firstly cause crude or natural phos-
phate of lime, such, for example, as coprolites, bones, bone ash, or
animal charcoal, by preference when in a divided state, to be acted upon
by means of an acid, such, for example, as sulphuric or hydrochloric
acid, and after having effected the conversation of the phosphate of lime
into soluble phosphate of lime I neutralize by means of ammonia, or
by means of the ammoniacal products derived from bones or coal when
submitted to destructive distillation; the product thus obtained may be
employed either alone as a manure, or may be mixed with artificial or
natural manures, and such product will, either when employed alone or
when employed in conjunction with other manure, be found to be well
adapted for agricultural purposes, and more particularly so for the
cultivation of the sugar cane.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to
be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the preparation
of artificial manures by firstly converting phosphate of lime into soluble
or superphosphate of lime, and then neutralizing by means either of

page_text: ammonia or by means of the ammoniacal products derived from the
destructive distillation of bones or of coal.
In witness whereof, I, the said William John Lockyer, have to
this my Specification set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of
September One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
WILLIAM JOHN LOCKYER. (L.S.)