Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Feb., 1887
Complete Left, 14th Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 16th Dec., 1887
I, WILLIAM ROSE of The Mount Halesowen in the County of Worcester,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
This invention relates to anchors provided with pivoted or movable stocks or
shanks, or to anchors with double parallel flukes, connected to a body or shaft part,
and turning or oscillating upon a pin or joint centre, passing through or connected
with the inner end of a stock or shank, disposed midway between the flukes, or the
arms of the flukes; and when the anchor is in use, both of the flukes, or the horns
at the tips of the flukes penetrate or pass collectively into the ground, on the anchor
being dragged.
In carrying out my invention, I make the flukes, or the arms of the flukes, which
are situated at the extreme outer ends of a preferably square body or shaft part,
wedge form, and with Ṭ bases or heel ends, for the purpose of tilting forward the
tips of the flukes, for penetration, on the anchor being dragged.
The flukes, or the arms of the flukes are made double, disposed in the same plane,
and separated from each other by the shaft or body aforesaid; and within a gap or
recess formed within the inside middle part of the said body or shaft part, the inner
end of the stock or shank is jointed, by a pin or cross axis, which passes through the
inner ends of the flukes, or the arms of the flukes, through the shaft or body carrying
the flukes, and also through the inner end of the stock or shank, and it is upon this
pin, that the said shank or stock turns, as a centre,. in order to take the requisite
angle with respect to the flukes, on the anchor being used.
The inside back of the centrally disposed gap as aforesaid, wherein the jointed end
of the stock or shank works, is made preferably vertical or straight, from top to
bottom, while the two opposite sides of the said joint or inner end of the stock or
shank is chamfered off or Vd; so that on the anchor being dragged, the stock or
shank shall always take that position most favourable for the penetration of the tips
of the flukes.
Thus, on an anchor being lowered into position, the swivelling body, and flukes
carried by it, turns in either one or other direction, and with one or other of the

page_text: inclines or chamfers aforesaid, abuting against the plain back of the gap, thereby
compelling the flukes, or the arms of the flukes, to always make a determinate angle
with respect to the stock or shank, and which said angle is the inclination most
favourable for the proper and perfect penetration, within the earth, of the flukes.
It matters not in what manner the anchor is lowered from a ship, as it always
rights itself in position, on coming upon the ground; and furthermore, the angle of
the stock with respect to the body part, or with respect to the flukes of the arms of
the flukes, is always preserved, by the inclined stops or V sides at its joint or inner
end, abuting or coming against the back of the gapped part, wherein the stock is
jointed.
The anchor thus consists of a shaft or body part, with double flukes, or fluke
armis, having disposed between them, a stock or shank, which is jointed by a long
cross pin, which connects the parts together, and allows them to move or swivel one
upon another, within certain limits, determined by opposite inclines, on the inner
and jointed end of the stock or shank, coming against the back inside face of the gap
or recessed part, across which the joint pin passes.
Or the shaft and flukes may be made in two parts, and secured together by standing
out snugs or flanges, and with the inner end of the shank, provided with a short cross
pin or opposite face studs, which take into corresponding holes formed within the
opposite inside faces of the gap aforesaid; so that the shaft or shank is divided about
its middle, with adjacent flanges; and when put together, the joint pin or stud on the
inner end of the stock, is placed within the bearing holes as aforesaid, and bolts
passed through the flanges, and the whole firmly secured together, leaving the stock
to turn within certain limits, upon its joint, or the body and flukes upon the joint of
the stock.
The anchor or anchors aforesaid, may be made of cast or wrought metal.

page_text: Improvements in Ships' Anchors.
I, WILLIAM ROSE of The Mount Halesowen, in the County of Worcester, Gentleman
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to anchors, provided with jointed or movable shanks
or shafts.
According to my invention, an anchor is provided with double parallel arms and
flukes, of which the former are connected at their inner ends, to a cross head or body
part; and passing transversely through this body part, and through the inner end of
the shank, is a pin or joint centre, about which the shank, or the body of the anchor,
turns, in order that the shank may make a given angle, with the arms, on the anchor
being dragged.
In carrying out my invention, I make the arms, and the flukes carried by the
arms, at the extreme outer ends of the cross head or body part, and with the tips of
the flukes wedge form; and at the rear of the said body part, I arrange Ṭ shaped
lugs, commonly called toggles or horns, for the purpose of elevating the said anchor
at its rear part, and thereby giving to the flukes and arms, the necessary inclination,
for penetrating the ground, on the anchor being dragged.
The arms and flukes as aforesaid, are disposed in the same parallel plane, and work
together.
Within a gap or recess, formed within the inside middle part of the cross head, or
body, the inner end of a shaft is jointedly connected, by a transverse pin or axis,
which passes through, and from end to end of the said cross head, and also through
the inner end of the shank; and it is upon this pin, or axis, that the shank turns, as
a centre, in order that the flukes and arms, may take a determinate or given angle
with the shank.
The inside back wall, or back part of the centrally disposed gap, wherein the inner
end of the shank as aforesaid, works, may be made vertical or straight, crosswise from
top to bottom, while the two opposite presented sides of the of inner end of the shank,
are inclined or Vd, and which sides, respectively abut or take their bearings upon or
against the straight part, as aforesaid, and when so abuting, the arms or flukes make
a given angle with the shank.
By making the inner end, or the inner end beyond the joint centre, abut or take
its bearing against an inside gapped part, or a plain part of the cross head, or body of
an anchor, the arms and their flukes, are made to always take a given angle with
respect to the shank; so that when lowered for use, the arms are always in their
proper relative positions, for ground penetration or holding.
The anchor thus consists broadly, of a shank, with an inner end, working within a
gap, and connected to a cross head or body part, by a transversely directed pin or
axis, upon which the shank moves through a determinate distance, as a centre, and

page_text: when in use, the pull of the end of the anchor, is mainly transferred from the body
pin, to the limiting stop.
The inner end of the shank, may be varied in shape, and when so varied, the
abutment face or faces of the cross head of the anchor, is, or are likewise changed
in form.
Or the cross head and arms and flukes, may be made in two parts or segments, and
secured together by cross bolting; and when so made, the opposite sides of the gap,
are pierced with holes, wherein the ends of a cross connecting pin or stud, on the two
opposite inner ends of the stem, engages and turns.
The ships' anchors as aforesaid, may be made in either wrought iron, cast iron, or
in both cast iron and wrought iron.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings, the
manner in which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in side elevation, a ships' anchor, constructed according to my
invention, and which said view represents the position which the arms and flukes of
the anchor assume, when let go. Figure 2 represents a front elevation of the said
anchor figure 1, showing the arms and flukes fore-shortened, and the inner abutment
end of the shank or shaft part, taking its bearing upon the inner end of a gap or
recess, formed in the inside middle part, in the cross head or body. Figure 3
represents a side elevation of the said anchor, with the lower part in section, which is
taken upon the dotted lines A B figure 2. Figure 4 represents the said anchor
in section, with the arms and flukes disposed parallel to the shank, by which means,
the anchor can be completely stowed, when not in use.
Figure 5 represents a front elevation of the said anchor figure 1, but with the arms
and flukes shown in a horizontal parallel direction, while figure 6 represents an inner
side and front view of the cross head or body part, thus exhibiting the gap, wherein
the inner and shaped end of the said shank, works, and is there pivoted.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of
the drawings.
a is the shank, and 6 is the cross head or body part, carrying at its two outer or
opposite ends, arms and flukes c, d, which are disposed parallel, and move with each
other, through the arc of a circle.
The cross head or body part b, has a rearward, and centrally disposed single toggle
or horn e, for elevating the rear of the cross head, so as to tilt, or give to the arms
and flukes, the most desirable downward inclination for ground penetration.
The said cross head, or body part, is provided with a gap or opening b², with a
perpendicular or straight back b³, and within this said gap or opening, the inner
enlarged end a² of the shank a, works and is jointed. The said end a², is made
V shape, or has inclined or chamfered faces a³, which respectively take their bearings
or abutments, upon the back inside face 6, of the gap 6, as an abutment, whether the
flukes are upon the right hand side of the shank, or upon the left hand side.
The inner end of the shank, is connected to the cross head, by a transversely disposed
axis or pin f; and it is upon this joint centre, that the cross head or body part, turns.
Thus on an anchor being lowered into position, the cross head and arms at its end,
is always presented in a position proper for penetrating the ground, on the said
anchor being dragged; and when in such position, one of the abutment faces a³, of
the inner end a², of the shank a, takes its bearing upon the plain inside back-part 63
of the gap 62 in the cross head or body b.
Figure 7 represents in front elevation, the cross head and arms, part of another
form of ship's anchor, constructed according to my invention. In this particular
form, the Trear parts e, which are commonly known as the horns or toggles, are
represented two in number, and disposed at the two opposite sides of the cross head,
or body part as aforesaid.
The other parts of the anchor, are essentially the same in construction, as previously
described, with respect to the other figures of the drawings.
The details and parts in connection with figure 7, are represented in figures 8, 9
and 10, in which figure 8 is a front view of the cross head or body part, figure 9 is

page_text: tho shank, with an attachment link at its upper end, and figure 10 is a side elevation
of the said figure 7.
Figure 11 represents another form of my invention, in which the inner back end of
the gapped part, of the cross head, is made sunken, with outwardly inclined abutment
faces, instead of having a single plain face, as in the preceding arrangements.
The inner end of the shank, is shaped with plain sides, slightly tapering inwards
and rounded off; so that when the anchor is in use, one of the said sides, takes into
abutment upon, one of the incline planes or facets as aforesaid.
a is the shank of the anchor, a is its inner end, with inner end bearings a*, and
which said end works within a recess, or gapped part 6', made within the inside
middle part of the cross head b.
The back inside end of the said gapped part, is provided with abutment faces b³,
against which the sides of the inner end of the shank, abut respectively, when the
anchor is in use."
Thus, when the anchor is lowered into position, the body and arms being connected
to the shank by a joint centre f, the parts assume the positions, as represented, with
one of the sides a of the shank a, taking its abutment bearing upon the face b³,
forming the back to the gap, made within the middle part of the cross head; and
within which said gap, the inner end of the shank is disposed and works.
The ship's anchor as aforesaid, may be made either in wrought iron, cast iron,
wrought steel, or cast steel, or a combination of any of the foregoing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
First. In ships' anchors, with jointed cross head or body parts. Making the inner
end, or the inner end in front of the joint centre, upon which the shank is jointed,
abut or bear against the said cross head, or body part; or against the inner end of
a gap made within the said body part; whereby the stem is allowed to make a given
inclination with respect to the shank, when the anchor is in use, substantially as
described and set forth.
Secondly. Making the jointed inner ends of anchor shanks V, or provided with
inwardly inclined faces a³, which respectively take their bearings, upon a plain inside
straight part 6, of a cross head or body part b, as described and set forth in
figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the drawings.
Thirdly. Providing the inner shank end gaps b³, of cross head or body parts b,
with an abutment face b*, as described and set forth in the several figures of the
drawings.
Fourthly. Making the inner bearings or abutments inwardly inclined, against
which the inner end of the shank takes its bearing, substantially as described and set
forth in figure 11.
Fifthly. Jointing the cross head or body part of anchors, to the inner and abutment
end of the shank, by a transversely disposed body or joint pin or axis f, substantially
as described and set forth in the several figures of the drawings.
Lastly. The general arrangement and combination of the parts of anchors, as herein
described and set forth in the several figures of the drawings.
T L 11: T 141
Chan 1007