A CERTAYNE OYLE OR COMPOSICON OF OYLES WHEREWITH TO KEEPE ARMORS AND ARMES FROM RUST, CANKER; OR THE LIKE MEANES OF PERISHINGE OR DECAY, FARRE EXCEEDINGE THE ORDINARY WAYES OR MEANES NOWE OR HERETOFORE VSED IN THAT BEHALFE
Year: 1617

page_text: grectinge.
WHEREAS wee are given to vnderstand that our welbeloved servant Joun
GASPER WOLFEN, one of the gent of our Privy Chamber, and JOHN MILLER,
a German borne, have spent much tyme and a greate parte of their estate, and
by their industrie and travaile have devised and invented "A CERTAYNE OYLE OR
COMPOSICON OF OYLES WHEREWITH TO KEEPE ARMORS AND ARMES FROM RUST, CANKER;
OR THE LIKE MEANES OF PERISHINGE OR DECAY, FARRE EXCEEDINGE THE ORDINARY
WAYES OR MEANES NOWE OR HERETOFORE VSED IN THAT BEHALFE." And whereas
the said oyle or composicon of oyles hath not byn heretofore found out or vsed
in any of our realmes or domynions by any other of our subiecte, and the
same Invenčon is likely to be of good vse and service to vs and our subiecte in
the Pseravačon of armors and armes from rust and canker, as aforesaid, and
that at a very easy charge or expence to vs or our subiecte, as wee are
informed.
KNOWE YEE, therefore, that wee, graciously intendinge in some convenient
measure to reward the travaile, industry, and charges of the said John Gasper
Wolfen and John Miller bestowed in and about the accomplishment of the
Pmisses by appropriatinge to them for some terme of yeares the fruite and
benefitt of the said invenčon and skill, and to thend that other our subiecte
may hereby be the better encouraged to imploy themselues by their industry,
labours, and indeavours in the devisinge, searchinge, and true foundinge out of
such honest and lawful arte, misterics, and invenĉons as may tend to good and

page_text: ptable vse and service in our said realmes and domynions, without Piudice
or just cause of grievance to any of our lovinge subiecte, of our especiall grace,
certaine knowledge, and meere mocon, have given and graunted, and by these
Psente, for vs, our heires and successors, doe give and graunt to the said John
Gasper Wolfen and John Miller, and either of them, their and either of their
executors, admynistrators, and assignes, and every of them, full and sole licence,
power, priviledge and authority, that they, the said John Gasper Wolfen and
John Miller, and either of them, their and either of their exccutors, admynis-
trators, and assignes, by themselves or by any of them, their or any of their
deputies, factors, or servante, shall and may, at every tyme and tymes hereafter
duringe the terme of yeares herein expressed, within our said realmes of
England, Scotland, and Ireland, and the domynions thereof, have the solo
makinge and compoundinge of the said oyle or composicon of oyles for the
keepinge armors and armes from canker and rust, soe by them invented as
aforesaid, and the same oyle or composicon of oyles soc to be had and made at
reasonable rates, shall and may vtter, sell, and putt to sale within our said
realmes and the domynions thereof, to and for the best benefitt and advantage
of them, the said John Gasper Wolfen and John Miller, and either of them,
their and either of their executors, admynistrators, deputies, or assignes, and
every of them, for and duringe the terme of yeares hereafter menconed
and expressed, to have, hold, receive, pecive, take, and senioý tho said
lycences, powers, priviledges. and authorities, of makinge, compoundinge,
vtteringe, and sellinge of. the. said oyle or composicon of oyles for pservinge
and keepinge armors and armes from.rust, canker, and other like meanes of
perishinge or decay as aforesaid, and all-and-singuler benefitte, pfitte, and ad-
vantages thereof or thereby arisinge, or by meanes thereof to be lawfully had,
made, acquired, or gotten, vnto the said John Gasper Wolfen and John Miller,
and either of them, their and either of their executors, admynistrators, and
assignes, and every of them, to their owne pper vses, benefitte, and behoofes;
for and duringe the terme of one and-twentic yeares from the date of these
our Lřes Patente next and ymediatly ensucinge fully to be compleate and ended
without yeeldinge, rendringe, or makinge any accompt, recompence, or other
thinge to vs, our heires-and successors for the same, other then the yearely rent
or some of money in and by these psente hereafter reserved, menconed and
expressed; and to the intent that they, the said Jolin Gasper Wolfen and John
Miller, and either of them; their and either of their executors, admynistrators,
deputies, and assignes, and. every of them, may receive, have, and take, for the
terme hereby graunted, the, full and whole benefitt of the said skill or inventon,
accordinge as is intended by these. Psente, wee. doc therefore declare and

page_text: signify our expresse will and royall pleasure to be, and doe, for vs, our heires
and successors,; straightly-charge; phibite and comaund all and every our
lovinge subiecte, of what-estate- or condičon soever, and all and every other
pson and psons whatsoever, that they or any of them shall not or doc not, for
and duringe the terme hereby graunted, by any wayes or meanes, directly or
indirectly, attempt or psume to make or compound, imitate or putt in practise,
the said invenčon and skill of makinge and compoundinge the said oyle. or.
composicon of oyles; for servinge and-keepinge of armors and armes from rust;
canker, and such like meanes of decay and perishinge, by the said John Gasper,
Wolfen and John Miller devised and invented, as aforesaid; or shall:vtter, sell;
or putt to sale the same oyle or composicon of oyles, within 'our said realines
of England, Scotland, or Ireland, or domynions thereof, without the speciall
lycence, of the said John Gasper Wolfen and John Miller, or either of them,
their or either of their executors, admynistrators, deputies or assignes; first
had and obtayned in writinge in that behalfe; and that vnder the payne of the
losse and forfeiture of all such oyle or composicon, of oyles soe to be made,
compounded, offered, or putt to sale contrario to the intent and meanynge of
these sente, and vppon the further penalty of forfeitinge to vs, our heires and
successors, fortic, shilling of lawfull English money for every quarto of the
saide oyle or composicon of oyles soe to be made, compounded; offered,
or putt to sale as aforesaid by any or every such pson or psons' as
shalbe found to offend contrary to our royall phibicon in this behalfe,
the one moity of which saide forfeitures. our pleasure: is shall:'comé and
be from tyme to tyme to the vse of vs, our heires and successors, and the
other moity thereof shall come. and; be to the vsc and benefitt of the said Johr.
Gasper Wolfen and John Miller, and either of them, their and either of their.
executors, admynistrators, deputies, or assignes, or to the vse and, benefitt of
such other pson and psons as shall search, fynde out, and discover from tyme to
tyme the offender or offenders in the misses; provided alwayes' tliat this our.
Psent graunt, or any thinge therein contayned, shall not extend any further.
then to and for the makinge, compoundinge, sellinge, and puttinge to sale of
such oyle or composičon of oyles only as whereof the said Johir Gasper.
Wolfen and John Miller, or either of them, have byn the first devizer and
practiser within these our said realmes; provided. alsoe, that tho said John
Gasper Wolfen, and John Miller, or either of them, their executors,.admynis-
trators and assignes, or some of them, doc pay. or cause to be payd to vs, our
heires and successors, at the receipt of our exchequer at Westin, the yearoly
rent or some of forty shillinge of lawfull money of England for and daringe the
terme of one and twentie yeares herein-before graunted; at the feaste of the

page_text: Anunciacon of the Blessed Virgin Mary and St Michaell Tharchangell by
even and equall porčons. And for the better effectinge and executinge
of this our sent priviledge and graunt accordinge to our gracious intent
and meanynge toward tho said John Gasper Wolfen and John Miller,
and either of them, their and every of their executors, admynistrators,
deputies, and assignes, wee doc for vs, our heires and successors, will and
require the treasorers, chauncellors, and barons of the severall Court of
Exchequer of our said severall realmes respectively for the tyme beinge, and all
other the officers and ministers of the same court, and wee doe straightly
charge and comaund all and every the justices of peace, maiors, sheriffe,
bayliffe, constables, and all other the officers and ministers of vs, our
heires and successors, for the tyme beinge, that they and everye of them
respectively, accordinge to their severall offices and places, from tyme to tyme,
and at all tymes duringe the terme hereby graunted, be assistinge, helpinge,
and aydinge, in and by all lawfull wayes and meanes whatsoever, to the said
John Gasper Wolfen and John Miller, and either of them, their and either of
their executors, admynistrators, deputies, agente, and assignes, and every of
them, in and about thexecučon and accomplishment of this our lycence,
graunt, and pryviledge, and of all and singuler graunte, clauses, inhibicons, and
phibicons therein menconed and declared, soc as the said John Gasper Wolfen
and John Miller, and either of them, their and either of their executors, admi-
nistrators, deputies, and assignes, may have, receive, pecive, and take the full
and whole benefitt intended vnto them by these sente. And these our Lis
Patent or thinrolment thereof shalbe from tyme to tyme to the said trea-
sorers, chauncellors, barons, and other the officers and ministers of the
said Court of Exchequer and to the said justices of peace, maiors, sheriffes,
bayliffe, constables, and other the said officers and ministers of vs, our heires
and successors, for the tyme beinge, a sufficient warrant and discharge in that
behalfe. And further, wee, of our more abundant grace, certaine knowledge,
and meere močon, doe by these psente, for vs, our heires and successors, give
and graunt full power and authority vnto the said John Gasper Wolfen and
John Miller, and either of them, their and either of their exccutors, adminis-
trators, and assignes, and the deputy and deputies, agente and servante of
them and either of them, with the assistance of a constable or any other
lawfull officer in any citty, towne, place or places, as well within liberties as
without, in these our said realmes and domynions, at reasonable and conve-
nient tyme and tymes, to have accesse and to enter into any howse, shopp,
cellar, place or places, where he or they shall pbably suspect any of the
Dinises to be made, compounded, vttered, or putt to sale, contrary to this our

page_text: graunt, and there to make search for the same, and the misses or any of
them there found, in the name of vs, our heires or successors, to seize and
take, to and for the vses and behoofes herein-before menconed. And wee aro
further pleased and doc, for vs, our heires and successors, of our especiall
grace, certaine knowledge, and meere mocon, grant vnto the said John Gasper
Wolfen and John Miller, and either of them, their and cither of their
executors, admynistrators, and assignes, that these our Lřes Patente or thin-
rolment of the same, shalbe taken, construed, and adiudged in and by all
thinges therein contayned, in all and every our courte of justice and elsewhere,
to be most avayleable, stronge, and effectuall in the lawe for the benefitt and
advantage of the said John Gasper Wolfen and John Miller, and either of
them, their and either of their executors, admynistrators, and assignes, against
vs, our heires and successors, notwithstandinge the not pticuler or certaine
describinge, menconynge, or expressinge the said oyle or composicon of oyles,
for keepinge armors and armes from rust, canker, and the like meanes of
perishinge or decay as aforesaid; and notwithstandinge any other defect or
incertainties in these our Lřes Patente, or any statute, act, ordynance, pmission,
proclamacion or restraint to the contraric, although expresse mencon, &c.
In witnos whereof &c Witnes our selfe at Westri. the Third day of
November.
November.
Pbře de priuato sigillo, &c.

page_text: JAMES, by the Grace or God, &c.,
greetingc.
WHEREAS wce are given to vnderstand that our welbeloved servant JOHN
GASPER WOLFEN, ono of the gent of our Privy Chamber, and JonN MILLER,
a German borne, have spent much tyme and a greato parto of their estate, and
by their industric and travailo have devised and invented "A CERTAYNE OYLE OP.
COMPOSICON OF OYLES WHEREWITH TO KEEPE ARMORS AND ARMES FROM RUST, CANKER,
OR THE LIKE MEANES OF PERISHINGE OR DECAY, PARRE EXCEEDINGE THE ORDINARY
And whereas
WAYES OR MEANES NOWE OR HERETOFORE VSED IN THAT BEHALFE."
the said oyle or composicon of oyles hath not byn heretoforo found out or vsed
in any of our realmes or domynions by any other of our subiecte, and the
same Invenĉon is likely to be of good vso and service to vs and our subiecte in
tho Psoravacon of armors and armes from rust and canker, as aforesaid, and
that at a very easy charge or expence to vs or our subiccte, as wec aro
informed.
KNOWE YEE, therefore, that wec, graciously intendinge in some convenient
measure to reward the travaile, industry, and charges of the said John Gasper
Wolfen and John Miller bestowed in and about the accomplishment of the
Pmisses by appropriatinge to them for some terme of yeares the fruite and
benefitt of the said invenčon and skill, and to thend that other our subicct
may hereby bo the better encouraged to imploy themselues by their industry,
labours, and indeavours in the devisingo, searchinge, and true foundinge out of
such honest and lawful arte, misterics, and invençons as may tend to good and

page_text: pfitablo vsc and service in our said realmes and domynions, without Pindico
or iust cause of grievance to any of our lovinge subiccte, of our especiall grace,
certaine knowledge, and meero mocon, have given and graunted, and by theso
Psente, for vs, our heires and successors, doe give and graunt to the said John
Gasper Wolfen and John Miller, and cither of them, their and either of their
executors, admynistrators, and assignes, and every of them, full and sole licence,
power, priviledge and authority, that they, the said John Gasper Wolfen and
John Miller, and cither of them, their and either of their executors, admynis-
trators, and assignes, by themselves or by any of them, their or any of their
deputies, factors, or servante, shall and may, at every tyme and tymes hereafter
duringo the terme of yeares herein expressed, within our said realmes of
England, Scotland, and Ireland, and the domynions thereof, have the solo
makinge and compoundinge of the said oyle or composicon of oyles for the
keepingo armors and armes from canker and rust, soe by them invented as
aforesaid, and the same oyle or composicon of oyles soe to bo had and made at
reasonable rates, shall and may vtter, sell, and putt to sale within our said
realmes and the domynions thereof, to and for the best benefitt and advantage
of them, the said John Gasper Wolfen and John Miller, and either of them,
their and either of their exccutors, admynistrators, deputics, or assignes, and
every of them, for and duringo the terme of yeares hereafter menconed
and expressed, to have, hold, receive, pecive, take, and enioy tho said
lycences, powers, priviledges and authorities, of makinge, compoundinge,
vtteringe, and sellinge of tho said oylo or composicon of oyles for servingo
and keepinge armors and armes from rust, canker, and other like meanes of
perishingo or decay as aforesaid, and all and singuler benefitte, pfitte, and ad-
vantages thereof or thereby arisinge, or by mennos thereof to be lawfully had,
made, acquired, or gotten, vnto the said John Gasper Wolfen and John Miller,
and either of them, their and either of their exccutors, admynistrators, and
assignes, and every of them, to their owne pper.vscs, benefitte, and behoofes,
for and duringe the terme of one and twentic yeares from the date of theso
our Lřes Patente next and ymediatly ensucinge fully to be compleate and ended
without yeeldingo, rendringe, or makinge any accompt, recompence, or other
thinge to vs, our heires and successors for the same, other then the yearely rent
or some of money in and by these psente hereafter reserved, menconed and
expressed'; and to the intent that they, the said John Gasper Wolfen and John
Miller, and cither. of them, their and either of their executors, admynistrators,
deputies, and assignes, and every of them, may receive, have, and take, for the
terme hereby graunted, tho. full and whole benefitt of the said skill or inventon,
accordinge as is intended by these sente, wee. doc therefore declaro, and
.

page_text: signify our expresse will and royall pleasure to be, and doc, for vs, our heires
and successors, straightly charge, phibito and comaund all and every our
Jovinge subicct, of what cstato- or condičon soever, and all and every other
pson and psons whatsoever, that they or any of them shall not or doo not, for
and duringe the terme hereby graunted, by any wayes or meanes, directly or
indirectly, attempt or Psume to make or compound, imitate or-putt in practise,
the said invenĉon and skill of makinge and compoundinge the said oylo or
composicon of oyles; for servinge and keepinge of armors and armes from rust,
canker, and such like meanes of decay and perishinge, by the said John Gasper.
Wolfen and John Miller devised and invented as aforesaid, or shall vtter, sell,
or putt to salo the samo oyle or composicon of oyles, within our said realmes
of England, Scotland, or Ireland, or domynions thereof, without tho speciall
lycence of the said John Gasper Wolfen and John Miller, or either of them;
their or either of their exccutors, admynistrators, deputies. or assignes; first
had and obtayned in writingo in that behalfe, and that vnder the payne of tho
losse and forfeiture of all such oylo or composicon, of oyles soc to be made,
compounded, offered, or putt to sale contrario to tho intent and meanynge of
these sente, and vppon the further penalty of forfeitinge to vs, our heires and
successors, fortic shillinge of lawfull English money for every quarto of the
saile oylo or composicon of oyles sop to be made, compounded; offered,
or putt to salo as aforesaid by any or every such pson or psons as
shalbe found to offend contrary to our royall phibicon in this behalfe.
the ono moity of which saido forfoitures our pleasuro is shall come and
ho from tymo to tyme to the vse of vs, our heires and successors, and the
other moity thereof shall come and be to the vsc and benefitt of the said Johr.
Gasper Wolfen and John Miller, and either of them, their and either of their
executors, admynistrators, deputics, or assignes, or to the vse, and benefitt of
such other pson and Ipsons as shall search, fyndo out, and discover from tyme to..
tyme the offender or offenders in the misses; provided alwayes that this our.
Psent graunt, or any thingo therein contayned, shall not extend any further.
then to and for the makinge, compoundinge, sellinge, and puttinge to sale of
such oyle or composicon of oylcs only as whereof the said John Gasper.
Wolfen and John Miller, or either of them, have byn the first devizer and
practiser within theso our said realmes; provided alsoç, that tho said John
Gasper Wolfen and John Miller, or cither of them, their executors,.admynis-
trators and assignics, or somo of them, doc pay, or cause to bo payd' to 'vs, our
heires and successors, at the receipt of our exchequer at Westñi, tho yearoly
rent or some of forty shillinge of lawfull moncy of England for and daringo tlio
termo of one and twentic yeares hercin-before graunted; at the feast of tho

page_text: Aunciacon of the Blessed Virgin Mary and St Michaell Tharchangell by
even and equall porcons. And for the better effectingo and excenting
of this our scut priviledge and graunt accordinge to our gracious intent
and meanynge toward tho said John Gasper Wolfen and John Miller
and either of them, their and every of their exccutors, admynistrators.
deputies, and assignes, wee doe for vs, our heires and successors, will and
require the treasorers, chauncellors, and barons of the severall Court of
Exchequer of our said severall realnies respectively for the tyme beinge, and all
other the officers and ministers of the same court, and wee doc straightly
charge and comaund all and every the justices of peace, maiors, sheriffe,
bayliffe, constables, and all other the officers and ministers of vs, our
heires and successors, for the tyme beinge, that they and everye of them
respectively, accordinge to their severall offices and places, from tyme to tyme,
and at all tymes duringe the terme hereby graunted, be assistinge, helpinge,
and aydinge, in and by all lawfull wayes and meanes whatsoever, to the said
John Gasper Wolfen and John Miller, and either of them, their and either of
their executors, admynistrators, deputies, agente, and assignes, and every of
them, in and about thexccucon and accomplishment of this our lycence,
graunt, and pryviledge, and of all and singuler graunte, clauses, inbibicons, and
phibicons therein menconed and declared, soc as the said John Gasper Wolfen
and John Miller, and either of them, their and either of their exccutors, admi-
nistrators, deputies, and assignes, may have, receive, pecive, and take the full
and whole benefitt intended vnto them by these sente. And these our Lis
Patente or thinrolment thereof shalbe from tyme to tyme to the said trea-
sorers, chauncellors, barons, and other the officers and ministers of the
said Court of Exchequer and to the said justices of peace, maiors, sheriffes,
bayliffe, constables, and other the said officers and ministers of vs, our heires
and successors, for the tyme beinge, a sufficient warrant and discharge in that
behalfe. And further, wec, of our more abundant grace, certaine knowledge,
and meere mocon, doo by these psente, for vs, our heires and successors, give
and graunt full power and authority vnto the said John Gasper Wolfen and
John Miller, and either of them, their and either of their executors, adminis-
trators, and assignes, and the deputy and deputies, agent and servante of
them and either of them, with the assistance of a constable or any other
lawfull officer in any citty, towne, place or places, as well within liberties as
without, in theso our said realmes and domynions, at reasonable and conve-
nient tymo and tymes, to have accesse and to enter into any howsc, shopp,
cellar, place or places, where he or they shall pbably suspect any of the
Pmises to be made, compounder, vttered, or putt to sale, contrary to this our

page_text: graunt, and there to make search for the same, and the misses or any of
them there found, in the name of vs, our heires or successors, to seize and
take, to and for tho vscs and behoofes herein-before menconed. And wee aro
further pleased and doc, for vs, our heires and successors, of our especiall
grace, certaine knowledge, and meere mocon, grant vnto the said John Gasper
Wolfen and John Miller, and either of them, their and either of their
executors, admynistrators, and assignes, that these our Lies Patente or thin-
rolment of the same, shalbe taken, construed, and adiudged in and by all
thinges therein contayned, in all and every our court of justice and elsewhere,
to be most avayleable, stronge, and effectuall in the lawe for the benefitt and
advantage of the said John Gasper Wolfen and John Miller, and either of
them, their and either of their executors, admynistrators, and assignes, against
vs, our heires and successors, notwithstandinge the not pticuler or certaine
describinge, menĉonynge, or expressinge the said oyle or composicon of oyles,
for keepinge armors and armes from rust, canker, and the like meanes of
perishingo or decay as aforesaid; and notwithstandinge any other defect or
incertainties in these our Lies Patent(, or any statute, act, ordynance, pmission,
proclamaĉon or restraint to the contraric, although expresse mencon, &c.
In witnes whereof, &c. Witnes our selfo at Westii, tho Third day of
November.