IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTING PIPES OR TUBES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Griffith Brewer, of 89, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTING PIPES OR TUBES."-A communication
from abroad by Edmund Smith, of Hamburg, Germany.
Sealed the 10th December 1869, and dated the 14th June 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Griffith Brewer
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 14th June 1869.
I, EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of 89, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTING PIPES OR TUBES," (com-
municated to me from abroad by Edmund Smith, of Hamburg, Germany,)
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in connecting pipes or tubes in the following
manner :-The pipes or tubes are formed with a bevilled ring at each

page_text: end, or in some cases at one end only, a ring of india-rubber or other
analogous material divides as it were the bevilled ends of the pipes which
are themselves received in a ring clip or clips, also of a wedge-like form,
and held together by a nut and bolt, the latter also being wedge shaped.
Pipes with plain ends or broken pipes are jointed or united together
according to this Invention by the use of sockets, which may be cast
or made in a piece with bevilled rings; india-rubber, or other rings, by
preference two, are employed, the broken or other ends of the pipes are
placed in the socket or sockets, then by screwing up the wedge-like
shaped nut the flexible ring is pressed round the outer surface of the
pipe, and a perfectly sound joint is secured. This joint or socket is
applicable to wood, asphalt, or any other sort of pipe, and can be applied
with ease thereto. The single bevil joint can be supplied at a very
reduced price to that of barrel unions now used for wrought iron, copper,
brass, lead, or any other sort of tubing, and may be used for connecting
together parts of machinery. In some cases the pipes are cast or formed
on the bevil, that is, the ends are not right angles, so that when placed
together a slight curve is formed, but by reversing the pipe it becomes
straight.
By this Invention greater economy in laying, jointing, and replacing
pipes is obtained, together with tightness of joints and provision for
contraction and expansion of metal. To lay the pipes there is no
excavation below the joint required and thus the necessity of providing
man-holes is avoided, while the ease with which they can be removed,
viz., by simply unscrewing the bolt and disconnecting the ring clip at
once does away with the loss at present entailed by the breakage of many
pipes when they are required to be replaced, or a length of pipe to be
taken out to be be replaced by another. Finally, being cast without
sockets the weight is much reduced, but at the same time the ease with
which pipes can be laid or replaced, and the tightness of the joint pro-
duced when made according to this Invention, are the chief advantages
to be obtained by their use.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,.
filed by the said Edward Griffith Brewer in the Great Seal Patcut
Office on the 14th December 1869..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
GRIFFITH BREWER, of 89, Chancery Lane,, in the County of Middlesex,.
Patent Agent, send greeting:
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, Her special licence
that I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, my exccutors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,.
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CONNECTING PIPES OR TUBES," (communicated to me from abroad by
Edmund Smith, of Hamburg, Germany,) upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to.
say:
This Invention consists in connecting pipes or tubes in the following
manner-The pipes or tubes are formed with a bevilled ring at each
end, or in some cases at one end only, a ring of india-rubber or other
analogous material divides as it were the bevilled ends of the pipes,

page_text: which are themselves received in a ring clip. or clips, also of a wedge.
like form, and held together by a nut and bolt, the latter also being
wedge shaped. Pipes with plain ends or broken pipes. are jointed or
united together according to this Invention by the use of sockets, which
may be cast or made in a piece with bevilled rings; india-rubber or
other rings, by preference two, are employed, the broken or other ends
of the pipes are placed in the socket or sockets, then by screwing up
the wedge-like shaped nut the flexible ring is pressed round the outer
surface of the pipe, and a perfectly sound joint is secured. This joint
or socket is applicable to wood, asphalt, or any other sort of pipe, and
can be applied with ease thereto. The single bevil joint can be supplied
at a very reduced price to that of barrel unions, now used for wrought.
iron, copper,
brass, lead, or any other sort of tubing, and may be used
for connecting together parts of machinery. Sometimes the pipes are
cast or formed on the bevil, that is, the ends are not right angles, so that
when placed together a slight curve is formed, but by reversing the pipes.
they become straight.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a view in longitudinal
section of so much of the ends of two pipes, as will be necessary to
illustrate one arrangement whereby the Invention may be carried into
effect.
b, b, are the pipes, each of which is provided with a bevilled end J ;.
c, is a ring of india-rubber or other flexible material placed between.
the edges of the two pipes to be united; d is a ring clip, a detached view
of which is given at Figure 3, placed over the ends of the two pipes to.
be united, one side of which is bevilled to correspond with the bevilled
ends J of the two pipes, and the other is formed with an aperture to.
receive a screw or pin having a wedge shaped head to correspond with
the bevilled end J of the pipes b, b, on one side and on the other with
the bevilled edge of the aperture; a wedge shaped nut of a corresponding
bevil is screwed on to the screw, and to secure the joint the nut a is screwed
down, the two ends J of the pipes are brought closer together, the
india-rubber ring is compressed, and a tight but somewhat elastic joint
is obtained, and as better shown at Figure 2, in which Figure the india-
rubber ring is shown compressed and spread out to correspond with the
ends J of the pipes b, b.
Figure 4, is a perspective view of a pipe where the ring clip before
described and shown separately at Figure 3 is made in a piece with the

page_text: pipe itself. Figure 5 is a view in longitudinal section of the ends of
two pipes, one of which is provided with a ring clip as in Figure 4,
and the other with bevilled edges, the arrangement is similar to that
described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 except that the ring clip
d is made in a piece with the end of one of the pipes b, and like parts
are referred to by similar letters. Figure 6 shows the two pipes with
the nut a screwed up, the india-rubber ring compressed, and the joint
made secure and unleakable.
Figure 7 is a side view of a portion of two pipes united together in
the manner before described, either with a loose or fixed ring clip, but
one pipe is shown at an angle to the other, this is done by cutting or
forming the ends of the two pipes to be united with a bevil, or by
forming one with a bevilled edge, and the other with a straight edge,
so that when the two ends are brought together one pipe lies at a slight
angle to the other, the angle being regulated by the bevil given to the
end or ends; by uniting several lengths of pipes in this manner a great
degree of curvature may when required be obtained with comparative
ease and at little or no expense.
Figure 8 is a view partially in section illustrating one way in which
broken pipes or tubes with plain ends may be united together according
to this Invention; e, is a socket to receive the ends of the two pipes to
be united; this socket is provided with ring clips d, d, as before; f, f,
are bevilled rings corresponding in shape with the wedge shaped nuts
and apertures in the ring clips 'd, d; g, g, are two india-rubber or other
rings; is the bolt; by screwing up the nuts all the parts are brought
closely together, the india-rubber rings are pressed all round outside
the pipes and a perfect and secure joint is obtained and as shown at
Figure 9.
Figure 10 shows another arrangement according to this Invention
for uniting broken pipes or pipes with plain or unbevilled edges; e is a
short socket with bevilled edges at both ends into which the ends of
the pipes to be united are inserted'; d is a ring clip, and g the india-
rubber ring. The tubes to be united are inserted in the socket, the
ring clip is brought over the bevil edges thereof, and the wedge shaped
nut a tightly screwed up, the india-rubber ring then becomes compressed
between the bevilled end of the socket and the ring, and a tight joint is
obtained as shown at Figure 11.
Figure 12 is a view in longitudinal section illustrating how the

page_text: Invention may be conveniently applied to pipes made of asphalt or
of other soft or flexible material; J, J, are loose sockets made with
bevilled edges as before and threaded, roughened, or serrated on their
outer edges to screw into the inside of the soft pipe with which a
junction is to be made; g is the india-rubber ring as before; d the ring
clip, and a the wedge shaped bolt, the sockets being secured to the pipes,
the bevilled edges are placed in the ring d with the india-rubber
between them, the nut is screwed up and the joint is secure.
Figure 13 is a modification of the arrangement just described; in this
case the ring d is made in a piece with one of the sockets and shows a ser-
vice pipe attached thereto, the other socket is made as before described
and fits into the ring d, where it is secured by a bolt and nut as before,
the parts are shown separated but when screwed up by the nut and
screw all will be held together as firmly and securely as in the other
arrangements.
By this Invention greater economy in laying, jointing, and replacing
pipes is obtained, together with tightness of joints and provision for
contraction and expansion of metal. To lay the pipes there is no
excavation below the joint required, and thus the necessity of providing
man-holes is avoided, while the ease with which they can be removed, viz.,
by simply unscrewing the bolt and disconnecting the ring clip at once
does away with the loss at present entailed by the breakage of many
pipes when they are required to be replaced, or a length of pipe to be
taken out to be replaced by another. Finally, being cast without sockets
the weight is much reduced, but at the same time the ease with which
pipes can be laid or replaced, and the tightness of the joint produced
when made according to this Invention, are the chief advantages to be
obtained by their use.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that the Invention
is not intended to be limited to the precise arrangements or details.
shown and described (although the same are considered good arrange-
ments for carrying the Invention into effect), so long as the peculiar
characteristic features of the Invention are retained, but I claim, the
connecting together of pipes or tubes in and by the employment
of bevilled edges, whether the said edges are made on the end or ends
of the tubes themselves or on separate pieces or sockets in combination
with rings having corresponding bevils or wedge shaped surfaces

page_text: thereon, whether the said rings be made in a piece with the tube or
tubes, pipe or pipes, or separate therefrom, the whole being tightened up
and secured by bolts, nuts, and flexible rings, or bands, all substantially
in manner herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.
EDW. GRIFFITH BREWER. (L.S.)