IMPROVEMENTS IN . DOUBLE FURROW PLOUGHS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Woodward Hill, of Kimbolton Road,
Bedford, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
. DOUBLE FURROW PLOUGHS."
Scaled the 2nd July 1872, and dated the 8th January 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Woodward Hill
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 8th January 1872.
I, JAMES WOODWARD HILL, of Kimbolton Road, Bedford, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DOUBLE FURROW PLOUGHS," to be as follows:-
The object of one part of my Invention is to facilitate moving the
head of the plough radially at the same time with the leading land
and furrow wheels. For this purpose a circular hole is formed through
the end of the plough beam to receive the main spindle for steering the
wheels and plough head; the draught chain is attached to the lower end
of this spindle by an eyebolt or some similar means. The upper end of
this spindle is formed of a square section of sufficient length to allow a

page_text: moveable collar carrying the land wheel axle to slide up and down on it
for the purposes of the lift hereafter referred to.
The steerage bar consists of one long arm and two short ones called
The steerage
respectively the steerage short arm and lifting short arm.
short arm is connected to the long arm by a joint which allows the long
arm to be raised or lowered, while the short steerage arm can only be
moved in a horizontal direction on the main spindle. The short steerage
arm is formed in one piece with the plough head. By thesc means the
head of the plough with its attachments and the leading wheels move
radially together by one movement of the steerago bar.
By another part of the improvements the steerage bar acts as a lever
for lifting and lowering the land wheel. For this purpose the lifting
short arm is welded on to the long arm, the joint before mentioned
serving as a fulcrum for the lift, the lifting short arm raising or lowering
the sliding collar as the long arm of the steerage bar
lowered or
raised.
The steerage bar is sccured in the various positions required by two
sets of adjustable horizontal notched guide bars attached to the plough
stilts. By this combination onc bar or lever serves both as the steering
and lifting means.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Woodward Hill in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 6th July 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
WOODWARD HILL, of Kimbolton Road, Bedford, Civil Engineer, send 2
grooting.
WHEREAS .Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc- 3
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said James Woodward Hill, Her
special licence that I, the said James Woodward Hill, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Wood-

page_text: Figure 1 shews a side view, and Figure 2 a plan view, of a double
furrow plough arranged according to my Invention. In each Figure the
same letters indicate corresponding parts.
a is the plough frame or beam; b, the hind bearing or heel or trailing
wheel; c and d are the two fore wheels, c being the land wheel, and d
that which runs in the furrow. The fore end of the plough beam a is
formed with a vertical hole through it for the passage of the main
spindle e, the upper end of which carries the socket or collar 9, and by
means of this socket the axles of the wheels c and d, whilst the draught
chain through the link f¹ is attached to the lower end of the spindle e,
there being a hole or eye formed in one end of the link through
which the lower end of the spindle e passes. The spindle e is round at
that part of it which passes through the hole in the head of the plough
beam corresponding with the form of that hole, but the upper portion
of that spindle is formed for a portion of its length of a square section,
so that the socket or collar g may be capable of sliding up and down
therein and of turning it when that socket is turned. This collar or
socket g is formed with arms g', to which are applied the clips / in the
usual way, by which the upright stems ¹ of the axles h³ of the wheels
c and d are held to the arms 9', with capability of adjustment by the
set screw h². i is the steerage bar, which is formed by preference of
T iron at one end with a handle i, and at the other end with two arms
and. The arm is formed with a hole through it to pass over the
socket a¹ formed for it on the head of the plough beam, and at its other
end ** it carrics the stem of the segment-shaped head j, with the usual
capability of adjustment therein by means of the set screw 2³ and
bridle pin . The outer end of the arm i³ is forked at 18, 18, to embrace
the socket or collar g, and each of those forks is again forked sideways
to embrace arms 9' projecting from the opposite sides of that socket or
collar. The steerage bar or arm & and the arm are formed in one
piece, and they are connected to the arm by a pin joint at 7, so that
by lifting or lowering the end the socket 9 may be lowered or raised
on the spindle e to lower or raise the wheels c and d, whilst by turning
the end of the bar i to the right or to the left the direction of motion
of the plough or the steerage of it is controlled. By these means the
head of the plough with its attachments and leading wheels are turned
radially by one operation on the steerage bar i, and that bar also acts as

page_text: a lever for lifting and lowering the fore land wheel; k and are notched
guide or holding levers, in the notches of which the bar i may rest and
be held correctly in position.
Figure 3 shows by a side view, and Figure 4 by a plan view, a slight
modification in the arrangement of the parts of the plough. In these
Figures corresponding parts to those already described are indicated by
the same letters of reference. In this case the axle of the leading
furrow wheel is supported with capability of adjustment in a socket
formed for it attached to the plough beam, and the land wheel is carried
by the arm, the steerage of the plough head j being effected by means
of the link m.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I
claim is, the adaptation or combination of means whereby one bar acts
as a lifting means for the leading land wheel, and steering means of both
the leading wheels and plough head, in operation with double furrow
ploughs substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Woodward Hill, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of July, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
two.
JAMES WOODWARD HILL. (1.8.)