IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR APPLYING LIME. SOOT, AND OTHER MATTERS TO TURNIPS AND OTHER CROPS. AND MANURE TO LAND
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Jephson Rowley, of Rawthorne, near Chester-
field, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR APPLYING
LIME. SOOT, AND OTHER MATTERS TO TURNIPS AND OTHER CROPS. AND MANURE
TO LAND"
Sealed the 7th December 1858, and dated the 7th June 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Jephson Rowley
at the Oflice of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th June 1858.
I, JOHN JEPHISON ROWLEY, of Rawthorne, near Chesterfield, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
APPLYING LIME, SOOT. AND OTHER MATTERS TO TURNIPS AND OTHER CROPS, AND
MANURE TO LAND," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for applying
lime, soot, and other matters to turnips and other crops, and manure to land,
and consists in combining blowing apparatus or fans with apparatus similar
For these
to what has heretofore been used for applying manure by drills.
purposes it is preferred to apply a fan to each drill, so that as the lime, soot,
or other matter descends from the end of suitable tibes from the box or boxes
containing them, they are met by a blast which carries the powdered materials
against the plants, both under as well as over the leaves. The fans are
arranged to receive air from near the surface of the earth by suitable tubes or
977

page_text: inlets, and it is preferred that there should also be flexible disturbers of the
fly, so that they may be drawn in with the blast of air into the fans, and be
projected out therefrom with the lime and soot, or other materials, and be
thereby destroyed. The drills or apparatus for these purposes will not
require coulters or instruments for opening and closing the surface of the
earth, as is the case with ordinary seed and manure drills; on the contrary,
it is desired to spread the matters as they descend towards the earth by menus
of the currents of air caused by the fans or blowing apparatus.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Jephson Rowley in the Great Seal Patent Office ou
the 7th December 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
JEPHISON ROWLEY, of Rawthorne, near Chesterfield, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Johu Jephson Rowley, Her special licence that I, the said John Jephson
Rowley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said John Jephson Rowley, my executors, administrators, and assigus, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR APPLYING LIME, SOOT, AND OTHER MATTERS TO TURNIPS
AND OTHER CROPS, AND MANURE TO LAND," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said John Jephson Rowley, my executors or adininistrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar mouths next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Jephson Rowley, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-

page_text: This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for apply-
ing lime, soot, and other matters to turnips and other crops, and manure to
land, and consists in combining blowing apparatus or fans with apparatus
similar to what has heretofore been used for applying manure by drills. For
these purposes it is preferred to apply a fan to each drill, so that as the lime,
soot, or other matter descends from the end of suitable tubes from the box or
boxes containing them, they are met by a blast, which carries the powdered
materials against the plants, both under as well as over the leaves. The fans
are arranged to receive air from near the surface of the earth by suitable tubes
or inlets, and it is preferred that there should also be flexible disturbers of the
fly, so that they may be drawn in with the blast of air,into the fans, and be
jected out therefrom with the lime and soot, or other materials, and be thereby
destroyed. The drills or apparatus for these purposes will not require coulters
or instruments for opening and closing the surface of the earth, as is the case
with ordinary seed and manure drills; on the contrary, it is desired to spread
the matters (but chiefly as a top dressing) as they descend towards the earth
by means of the currents of air caused by the fans or blowing apparatus.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING;
pro-
which represents a side view of a machine constructed according to my
Invention, and it is preferred that the machine should be made of a width
suitable for acting simultaneously on two rows of turnips, though machines
may be made suitable for acting on one, two, or more rows.
a is the axle of the wheels b, one on each side of the machine; c is a cog
wheel fixed on one of the wheels, which takes into and gives motion to the
pinion d, on the axis of which is a drum or pulley e, which, by a band or
strap gives motion to the pulley or drum on the axis of the fans g. The
cog wheel el on the other wheel 6 gives motion to a cog wheel on the axis
of the stirrer at the lower part of the hopper h. The lime, soot, or other
material is put into the hoppers h, in the lower part of which is a stirrer, the
rotation of which insures the delivery of the materials into the spouts i. If
the machine is intended to act on two rows of plants two sets of apparatus are
used, one for each row, the description, however, of one of such apparatus will
be sufficient. The lime, soot, or other material, as it descends from the hopper
into the spout i, meets with the blast of air passing from a fan (or suitable
blower) through the spout i, which is somewhat bent down at its outer end.
Each of the fans or blowers draws its supply of air through a branch pipe

page_text: descending from the case of the fan or blower towards the ground. At the lower
end of this pipe is applied a curtain or hanging fabric, the frame of which is
arranged to rise and fall on the lower end of the pipe, so as to admit of the
curtain or hanging fabric being raised or lowered to suit different heights of
the ridges, and also flat surfaces. The curtain or fabric is open at the front,
and closed at back, so that the curtain as it is drawn over the leaves of the
turnips or other plants moves or agitates the same, and thus disturbs the
insects thereon, whilst the rush of air within the curtain up to the blower or
fan carries up the insects, and they in passing through the spout become
mixed up with the lime, soot, or other matters, and are thrown out therewith
against and over the plants. If the machine is desired to be used on rows of
plants, and the distance of the rows from one another varies considerably, the
frames carrying the curtaiu and the ends of the nozzles of the spouts may be
made suitable to be adjusted to different widths apart. Where the machine is
to be used on crops not in rows, then the spout of the machine may be made as
wide as desired, and only one fan or blower used; this is the arrangement
most convenient when the machine is only intended to distribute mauure
broad cast on land or growing crops; and when a machine is only intended
to be used for distributing manure, the rising pipe for supplying the air to
the fan and the curtain or hanging fabric will be dispensed with.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I make no claim to
any of the mechanical parts separately, nor do I confine myself to the
details, so long as machinery is suitably combined for distributing or apply-
ing lime, soot, and other matters by means of streams of air, on turnip and
other crops, and manure on land, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Jephson Rowley, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of December; in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
.S. CARPMAEL.
J. JEPHSON ROWLEY. (L.s.)