Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 13th July, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 27th Feb., 1900—Accepted, 14th Apr., 1900
прготещении русаш витрцев.
I, The Honourable CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS, of Heaton Works, Newcastle-
on-Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to steam turbines-principally to steam turbines used
for marine propulsion-and its object is to reverse the motion of the propelled
shaft with greater power and economy than has been hitherto possible, and also
to obtain a better and more convenient mechanical construction and arrangement.
My invention comprises; a combination of main steam turbine with reversing
steam turbine in which the main turbine and reversing turbine are enclosed
within one casing, or within a casing formed of pieces bolted together, the
exhaust ends of both main and reversing turbines discharging directly into the
condenser, or into one passage leading to the condenser; a combination in which
the reversing turbine is telescoped within the main turbine in order to reduce the
longitudinal space occupied, and the reversing turbine case then revolves while
the centre part is fixed; and a combination of main turbine and reversing tur-
bine in which the steam ends of the turbines are placed together, and the exhaust
from the reversing turbine passes preferably through the centre of the main and
reversing turbine spindle. In all these modifications of the invention the revers-
ing turbine is of one of my ordinary types, and it is run in the vacuum of the
condenser while the main turbine is in operation.
In carrying the first part of my invention into effect, I sometimes arrange a
main steam turbine of my well-known parallel flow type, and on the same spindle
I mount a reversing turbine, with its low pressure end turned towards the low
pressure end of the main turbine. Both low pressure ends open into the low
pressure casing, and discharge by the same passage to the condenser; or the
low pressure casing may be made part of the condenser without special passages.
The steam supply to the reversing turbine I preferably carry through the low
pressure casing by a separate steam pipe. By this arrangement I produce a
powerful reversing turbine which rotates in the condenser vacuum when the
main engine is in operation driving the vessel ahead. Instead of arranging the
vacuum ends together, I may turn the reversing motor round, and provide a high
pressure end near the vacuum end of the main engine, still maintaining a separate.
turbine casing within the low pressure casing from the main turbine, and dis-
charge the reversing turbine into. the said casing, also running the reversing
turbine in the condenser vacuum as before.
In carrying the second part of my invention into effect, I prefer to telescope
the reversing turbine within the main turbine, in order to economise longitu-
dinal space. In this case I prefer to utilise the interior of the main turbine.as
a rotating casing near a fixed centre part, which centre part carries the fixed
blades, and has a suitable sleeve through which the main turbine spindle passes.
In this case also the low pressure ends of the main turbine and the reversing tur-

page_text: bine are together, and they exhaust in the same direction directly into the con-
denser, or into a chamber leading to the condenser. The centre part
forming the fixed part of the reversing turbine is preferably attached
to the main casing by projecting arms or horns, and I supply steam
to this fixed part. through a pipe or pipes, which may serve for fixing the
centre part to the main casing. Steam, however, may also be applied from the
steam end of the main turbine through the shaft to the reversing turbine. In-
stead of telescoping in this way I may use a separate rotating casing, and a
fixed centre part, for the reversing turbine
In carrying the third part of my invention into effect, I arrange the reversing
turbine at the steam end of the main turbine, and I preferably pass the steam
from the low pressure end of the reversing turbine to the condenser through a
hollow turbine spindle. The steam ends of the two turbines in this modification
may be placed together or not, as desired.
In all these modifications the reversing turbines run in the condenser vacuum
when the main turbine is going ahead.
It is to be understood that I prefer to attach the reversing turbines herein-
before described to the low pressure turbines of marine engines.
Dated this 13th day of July 1899
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, and
25, Cross Street, Manchester, Agents.
Improvements in Steam Turbines.
I. The Honourable CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS, of Heaton Works, Newcastle-
on-Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to steam turbines-principally to steam turbines used for
marine propulsion-and its object is to drive the propeller shaft in a reverse
direction with greater power and economy than has been hitherto possible, and
also to obtain a better and more convenient mechanical construction and arrange-
ment.
My invention comprises a combination of main steam turbine with reversing
steam turbine in which the main turbine and reversing turbine are enclosed
within a casing formed in one piece, or within a casing formed of several pieces
bolted together, the exhaust ends of both main and reversing turbines discharg
ing directly into the condenser, or into one passage leading to the condenser: a
combination in which the reversing turbine is telescoped within the main turbine
in order to reduce the longitudinal space occupied, and the reversing turbine case
preferably then revolves while the centre part is fixed; and a combination in
which the reversing turbine is placed at the steam end of the main turbine, and
the exhaust from the reversing turbine passes through the interior of the main
turbine spindle or drum. In all these modifications of my invention, the revers-
ing turbine is of one of my ordinary types and it is run in the vacuum of the
condenser while the main turbine is in operation.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate my invention:-
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a main and a reversing turbine mounted

page_text: Figure 2 is a section taken on the line A A of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a section taken on the line B B of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a half plan of Figure 1.
Figure 5 is a sectional elevation of a main and a reversing turbine mounted
on the same spindle and arranged and constructed according to one form of
another modification of my invention.
Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of a main and a reversing turbine mounted
on the same spindle and arranged and constructed according to a third modifica-
tion of my invention.
Figure 7 is a half plan partly in section of Figure 6.
Referring in the first place to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, a is the main turbine
enclosed chiefly in the casing c, and the reversing turbine enclosed in the inner
part of the casing d, the casings and being bolted together at e. The main
turbine is of my well known parallel flow type and is mounted on the spindle f
which also carries the reversing turbine which has its low pressure end
turned towards the low pressure end g of the main turbine. Both low pressure
ends open into the low pressure casing and discharge by the same passage
to the condenser; or the low pressure casing may be made part of the condenser
without special passages. The steam supply for the main turbine enters by the
passage while I preferably carry the steam supply to the reversing turbine
through the low pressure casing d by a separate steam pipe m. By this arrange-
ment I produce a powerful reversing turbine which rotates in the condenser
vacuum when the main engine is operating the spindle f in the usual direc-
tion eg. for propelling a vessel ahead.
Instead of arranging the vacuum ends together, I may turn the reversing
motor round, placing the high pressure end near the vacuum end of the main
engine, while still maintaining the separate turbine casing within the low
pressure casing and discharging from the reversing turbine into the low
pressure casing as before and also running the reversing turbine in the condenser
vacuum as before mentioned.
C
Referring now to Figure 5 which illustrates one form of the second modifica-
tion of my invention, the reversing turbine is here telescoped within the main
turbine. in order to economise longitudinal space. The spindle f carries the
drums and which support the rotating blades of the main and reversing
turbines respectively. The fixed blades of the main turbine are attached as
before to the outside casings c and d and those of the reversing turbine are fixed
on the outside of the inner cylinder which is preferably supported from the
exhaust casing by projecting arms or webs 7. Steam is supplied to the reversing
turbine by a pipe or pipes inside or forming part of the inner cylinder 2. These
steam pipes may serve for fixing the cylinder p, to the end of the casing d. In-
stead of this arrangement the steam may be conveyed to the reversing turbine
through the spindle f from the passage which supplies steam to the main
turbine as in my previous modification.
Instead of having two drums and I may form or attach the rotary blades
of the reversing turbine on the inside of the drum o, the second drum 7 being thus
dispensed with.
Referring now to Figures 6 and which illustrate the third modification of
my invention, I arrange the reversing turbine in this modification with its
steam end towards the steam end of the main turbine a and I attach the rotating
blades of the main and reversing turbines to the drums and respectively. these
drums being connected to the spindle f by arms . and to each other by the
connecting ring. The fixed blades of both turbines are attached to the outside
S
casings and d. Steam to the main turbine is admitted by the pipe and
passage (Figure 7) and steam to the reversing turbine by the pipe y and pass-
age, Figure 6. Exhaust steam from the main turbine is discharged direct into

page_text: the low pressure casing d and thence by the passage to the condenser as in
my other modifications; but the exhaust steam from the reversing turbine first
passes through the drums and as indicated by the arrows to reach the casing d.
To prevent excessive leakage of steam from the steam end of the main turbine
to the steam end of the reversing turbine or vice versa I provide at the points 2
and a series of baffle grooves and rings on the casing e alternating with a series
of grooves and rings on the ring in order to throttle the steam in a manner
introduced by me and now well known. I provide holes 4 in the ring to allow
any steam that has leaked past the baffle rings into the space 5 to escape to the
condenser.
I may in this modification reverse the position of the reversing turbine, placing
its exhaust end towards the steam end of the main turbine and in communication
with the space 5. The exhaust from the reversing turbine will then be dis-
charged through the holes 4, (made in this case of greater capacity) into the
inside of the drums and thence as before to the condenser.
In all these modifications the reversing turbines run in the condenser vacuum
when the main turbine is going ahead. It is to be understood that I prefer to
attach the reversing turbines hereinbefore described to the low pressure main
turbines.
It is obvious that the telescoping arrangement of turbine shown in Figure 5
may be adopted for turbines which are not required to be reversed when extreme
compactness is desirable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1.) Combining a main and a reversing turbine within one casing, so that the
exhaust ends of both main and reversing turbines discharge directly into the
condenser or into a common passage leading to the condenser, substantially as
hereinbefore described..
2.) Combining.a main and a reversing turbine within one casing, so that the
reversing turbine is telescoped within the main turbine in order to reduce the
longitudinal space occupied, substantially as hereinbefore described.
3.) Combining a main and a reversing turbine within one casing, so that the
reversing turbine is telescoped within the main turbine in order to reduce the
longitudinal space occupied, the reversing turbine case revolving while the centre
part is fixed substantially as hereinbefore described.
4.) Combining a main and a reversing turbine within one casing so that the
reversing turbine is telescoped within the main turbine in order to reduce the
longitudinal space occupied; the exhaust ends of both main and reversing tur-
bines discharging directly into the condenser or into a common passage leading
to the condenser, substantially as hereinbefore described.
5.) A non-reversing steam turbine having one part telescoped within another,
substantially as shown in Figure 5 of the drawings.
6.) Combining a main and a reversing turbine within one casing, so that the
reversing turbine is at the steam end of the main turbine and the exhaust from
the reversing turbine passes through the interior of the main turbine revolving
drum, substantially as hereinbefore described.
This 071h day of Wabawy 1000
MARKS & CLERK,
IS, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street; Birmingham, and
25, Cross Street, Manchester, Agents.