IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING FOR SPINNING AND SPINNING COTTON, WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Cheetham, of Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Mechanist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING FOR SPINNING AND SPINNING COTTON, WOOL
AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS,"
Sealed the 8th March 1859, and dated the 10th September 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Cheetham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition on the
10th September 1858.
I, DAVID CHEEIBAM, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanist,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING FOR SPINNING AND SPINNING COTTON
WOOL. AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates, firstly, to an arrangement of rollers used in drawing
frames and other preparing and spinning machinery, and consists in raising
the centres of the front pair above those of others; and, by this arrangement,
I am enabled to employ a top roller of larger diameter which will serve as
a weight in itself, if desired. I also raise in like manner raise the level of
the back pair.
Secondly, my Invention relates to a method of weighting the intermediate
rollers; this I do by placing the weights above their axles and resting thereon;
to these weights I joint levers, by which they may be raised.

page_text: Thirdly, my Invention refers to that description of apparatus termed
"coilers," and consists in causing the can, after it has revolved in one
direction, to turn in the other, a traversing motion being at the same time
imparted to the delivery.
Fourthly, my Invention refers to the doffing motion of the carding engine,
and consists in the application of a spring between the excentric or crank
and the comb, for the purpose of bringing the connecting part back.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said David Cheetham in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 10th March 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DAVID
CHEETHAM, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said David Cheetham, Her special license that 1,the said David Cheetham,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
David Cheetham, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend,within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING FOR SPINNING AND SPINNING COTTON,
WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition, amongst others,
that I, the said David Cheetham, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said David Cheetham, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):---
My Invention relates, firstly, to an arrangement of rollers used in drawing
frames and other preparing and spinning machinery, and cousists in raising

page_text: the centres of the front pair above those of others; and by this arrangement
I am enabled to employ a top roller of larger diameter, which will serve as a
weight in itself, if desired. I also in like manner raise the level of the back
pair.
Fig. 1 represents one form of this part of my Invention. The rollers a, b,
supposed to belong to a drawing frame, are on the usual level; but the
centres of the front pair ax, bx, are raised, and the top one increased in
diameter, and may act wholly or in part as the weight.
In Fig. 2 a modification is shewn, the roller al being decreased in diameter,
so as to admit of the front roller a* being still further enlarged.
Fig. 3 exhibits another modification, the back rollers a, b, being raised as
well as the front rollers a*, b*. Fig. 4 represents a set of rollers for a throstle,
the front rollers a*, bx, being raised, as above described
By the employment of this part of my Invention the enlarged top rollers
may serve as weights in themselves; owing to their increased diameter they
are more readily driven, and the covering will retain a proper working
surface for a longer period.
The next part of my Invention consists in a method of weighting the
intermediate rollers; this I do by placing the weights above their axes and
resting thereon; to these weights I joint levers by which they may be raised.
This arrangement is shewn at Fig. 5, in which the intermediate rollers are
shewn at a, b, the front and back rollers a*, 6*, being raised according to
the former part of my Invention. The weight is shown at c, to either end
of which is fixed a saddle piece d, seen in the partial front view Fig. 6,
which saddle piece rests upon the axes e of the rollers. The weight is kept
in a vertical position by means of a piece of cloth f, which is strained over
it so as to bear against the rollers a*, a*, acting therefore at the same time
as a clearer. To the weight c is connected a lever g, mounted at one end
upon a fixed centre, by which lever the weight may therefore be raised
when desired.
The next part of my Invention refers to that apparatus termed coilers, and
consists in causing the can, after it has revolved in one direction, to turn in
the other, a traversing motion being at the same time imparted to the delivery.
This arrangement is shewn, at Fig. 7, in vertical section, of which Eig. S is a
plan view, Fig. 9 a cross section, and Fig. 10 a view, of the lower end of the
can. At a are the rollers of a drawing frame, from whence the material
passes, or from the carding engine through a pair of rollers b to a bar c; this
bar is mounted so as to turn upon a ceutre at d, but is borue upward, so as to
keep the material in tension by a weight e. The material then passes down

page_text: ward to a pair of rollers mounted in a carriage g, which is provided with
flanges situate within guides h. To the carriage g is connected a rod i,
its other end being adapted to a crank k, by which means therefore the
carriage and rollers fare caused to move to and fro. Upon the shaft of the
crank is a bevil wheel driving a shaft m, which turns in fixed bearings;
this shaft is provided with a pinion m* mounted upon a feather, and driving
another upon the axis of one of the rollers f, and as those rollers are geared
together by pinions n, they will be caused to revolve simultaneously with
the motion to and fro bodily. The can in which the material is to be coiled
is shewn at o, and is provided at its bottom with a toothed wheel driven
by a sector to which a reciprocating motion is communicated by means
of a crank pin and rod r, the said crank being caused to revolve by connexion
with any convenient part of the machine.
P
It will be perceived that by this arrangement the can o will be caused to
turn first in one direction and then in the other; and the parts are so pro-
portioned that the return motion shall commence just before a complete
revolution shall have been performed
I will here remark that instead of the crank, sector, and wheel, above
described, a mangle motion or other suitable arrangement may be employed,
if desired. It will now be perceived that the material delivered by the rollers
is deposited in folds depending upon the relative reciprocating motion of the
rollers, and rotatory motion of the cam o; and if the latter of these be
caused to commence its return motion before a second revolution shall have
commenced, the material will be deposited without twist.
The next part of my Invention refers to the doffing motion of the carding
engine and consists in the application of a spring between the excentric or crank
and the comb, for the purpose of bringing the connecting part back so as to
keep it in contact with the crank pin or analogous part, whereby the con
cussion which ordinarily takes place when the connecting parts become worn,
is avoided. Fig. 11 represents one method of carrying out this part of my
Invention. The crank or excentric is shewn at a, and the connecting rod
at b, the upper end of which is attached to a metal spring c, so inflected as
to thrust the connecting rod 6 downward, thereby constantly keeping it in
contact with the crank pin or excentric. In this arrangement the spring c
answers also for the ordinary radius rod.
Fig. 12 shews a modification of this part of my Invention. In this instance,
a fixing a is attached to the framework carrying one end of an india-rubber
band 6, the other end of which is connected to a stud c projecting from the
comb bar d; by this band, therefore, the connecting rod e is continually

page_text: drawn upward, so as to be kept in contact with the crank pin. According
to this arrangement the ordinary radius rod fis employed.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that I claim as secured to me under the above in part recited
Letters Patent,
Firstly, as applied to the rollers of drawing frames and other preparing
and to spinning machinery, raising the centres of the front pair above
those of others, and employing the top roller as a weight in itself; also
raising in like manner the level of the back pair of rollers.
Secondly, the employment in preparing and spinning machinery of
weights placed above the axles of the rollers, and resting thereon.
Thirdly, as applied to that apparatus termed coilers, the reciprocating
rotatory motion of the can, and the rectilinear reciprocating motion of the
rollers.
Fourthly, the application of springs to the doffing motion of the carding
engine, for the purpose above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Cheetham, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
DAVID CHEETHAM. (L.S.)