IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WARP FABRICS
Year: 1844

page_text: FREARSON'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
FREARSON, of Arno Vale, in the Parish of Arnold, in the County of Nottingham,
Lace Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date: at
Westminster, the Twenty-third day of April, in the seventh year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Henry Frearson, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Henry Frearson, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Henry Frearson, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use; exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WARP
FABRICS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said
Henry Frearson, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled
in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully 'and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Henry. Frearson, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,

page_text: and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say :-
My Invention relates to the manufacture of warp fabrics where what are
called single pillars are produced by using two warp threads to each needle,
and my Invention consists of using two rows of independent guides for the
upper guides, and two rows of independent guides for the lower guides, and
in such manner that each two neighbouring guides of the upper rows and
also of the lower rows of guides may in working cross each other, and be so
placed that each two neighbouring guides of the upper or lower rows may
lap their threads each upon the other's needle, and thus produce a crossing
of their threads from one needle or pillar to the other; or they may work
for any length of time without crossing their threads, according as the
particular pattern may require the crossings of the threads from one pillar
to the other, or pillars separate from each other; and although the con-
struction of the independent guides used in carrying out my Invention
may be varied, and the means of the selecting or operating thereon by pattern
surfaces may be changed, yet, so long as each two of the neighbouring inde-
pendent guides are constructed to cross each other and put across on their
threads, and what are called single pillars are produced by using two threads
to each needle, the peculiar character of my Invention will be retained.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the means pursued by me.
The construction of warp machinery being well known, it will not be
necessary to enter into a description of each and every part thereof, as the
workman, aided by the Drawings, together with a short explanation thereof,
will be enabled to arrange machinery suitable for carrying out my Invention.
And in order to give the best information in my power, I have shewn by
Drawings two arrangements of warp machinery now at work under my Patent,
the guides of such machinery being actuated by different apparatus, both,
however, employing that description of pattern surfaces known as jacquard
cards..
on the Drawings, it will not be necessary to repeat them here, and it is only
desirable to state that the same letters and figures of reference are used to
indicate similar parts; a, a, being the driving cranked axle, moved by the work-

page_text: man; 6 is a bevelled toothed wheel, affixed on the axle a; this wheel b takes
into and drives the bevilled toothed wheel c, fixed on the axle d, the wheel c*
taking into and driving the bevelled toothed wheel e, affixed on the back shaft f,
from the cams of which I will hereafter shew and explain and trace the
motions given to the working parts of the machinery. But in the first place I
will describe the arrangement of the guides, and the means of giving motion
thereto, in order to place them in proper positions for lapping their threads on
to the needles, according as the pattern may require. That part of the
machinery which carries the guides, and which by its motion causes the threads
conducted by the guides to be lapped on to the needles, and which in warp.
machinery is usually called "the machine," is mounted on axles or necks 9, 9,
which work in bearings h, h, in the rocking levers h¹, h¹, those levers being
affixed to an axis i, there being arms j (having rollers j') affixed at intervals on
the axis i, in order to give support to "the machine" at intervals in its length.
"The machine" consists of the two end plates k, k, with their necks g, g, and
these plates are connected together by means of two plates 1, 2, and the front
perforated plate m, there being an opening cut in the lower plate in order
to allow of the working of the blades of the locker bar. n.through the lower
plate 7. At the back of "the machine" is affixed the comb o, between which
the sliding instruments p work; these sliding instruments are for the purpose
of acting on the independent guides, one of such sliding. instruments moving
between each pair of independent guides, as hereafter explained. The nature
of the sliding instruments p is clearly shewn in the Drawing; they have each a
stem or rod p', which passes through a hole in the front bar or plate m, and
comes into such a position as to be acted on or omitted by the perforated.
pattern surface employed. When there are holes in the pattern surface
opposite any of the stems p', those stems will pass through the pattern surface,
and will not, therefore, be acted on by the pattern surface, whilst, on the other
hand, those stems p¹ opposite which there are no perforations will be moved
or acted on by the pattern surface, and those sliding instruments p will be
caused to move and act on their guides in the following manner :-On each of
the sliding instruments p is formed a projection p³, which, being pushed by the
pattern surface, acting on the stem p¹ of that sliding instrument, causes the projec-
tion ps to come into a position to be acted on by the locker bar n as it is caused
to revolve on its axis, as hereafter explained, whilst those sliding instruments
which have not been acted on by the pattern surface will remain out of the
way of the blades of the locker bar n. At the back end of each of the sliding
instruments there is a wire p³, which is turned at right angles, the wires p³ being
turned alternately upwards and downwards to act upon the two upper and the
•

page_text: two lower rows of guides, and each of the wires p³ rests between two
neighboring guides, and in such manner, that when a wire p³ is pushed
towards the back of the machine, by means of the locker blades, the wire p of
that pair of independent guides which in their. ordinary state are crossed, are
caused to separate, and in so doing the ends of the guides will cross or pass
each other, and be placed in a position to lap their threads each upon the
other's needle, whilst those pairs of guides which are not acted on by their
wires.ps will remain crossed and be so worked when lapping their threads on
the needles to produce looped work. And the machinery works in such manner,
that when the guides are crossed in their natural state (or the state in which
they would at all times remain unless they be interfered with by the wires p³,
or some other suitable instruments,) the threads would produce a series of cords or
pillars by looping the threads on each needle into their own loops; but when any of
the pairs of guides are separated and caused to cross each other so as to take each
other's positions, that act will cause the threads of that pair or those pairs of
guides to cross, and thus join two neighboring pillars together; and if, on the
next lapping of the threads on to the needles, if it is desired to produce another
crossing of the threads between the same neighboring pillars, the guides of
those threads are not to be acted upon by their wire p³, but the guides are to
be allowed to cross back by their own elasticity, which-will again place them
in a position to lap their threads on their own needles. It will therefore be seen
that where the pattern requires the continued connecting of two neighbouring
pillars, the wire p³ of the pair of guides working with the needles to produce
those pillars, will be alternately selected and omitted by the pattern surface;
and when it is desired to have neighbouring pillars separate for any length of
working, the guides may be either selected several times in succession or
omitted several times in succession, so that the effect produced by any pair of
guides will depend on whether they are allowed by the pattern surface to
remain acting in what I have called their natural positions, or whether that has
been interfered with by the pattern surfaces. The guides consist of narrow
plates of steel, of the form shown, each having an eye or opening at its end for
the passage of a thread or yarn, and they are separated in pairs by means of
the guage stops q, q, which come between each pair of guides, such guage
stops being cast in leads, and fixed to the under side and at the back of the
machine, the guage stops q, q, having bends or cranks formed therein to
allow of their entering the proper spaces of the two upper and the two lower
rows of guides, as shewn. The jacquard barrel is of a triangular form; its
axes turning in bearings r, which bearings are affixed to sliding sockets »,
which embrace and slide on the projecting stems s, affixed in front of "the
66

page_text: machine," and these stems s also carry the two warp rollers t, t," from which
the warp threads are conducted, as shewn, over the guides u, u, to the respec-
tive guides. The jacquard barrel is caused to move to and fro and turn to
bring up a fresh pattern surface in the following manner :-v, v, are two
levers, one at each end of the jacquard barrel; these levers each moves on an
axis.v. The upper end of each of these levers v is forked, so that the axes or
necks of the jacquard barrel are within the forks, and motion is communicated
to these levers v by means of two cams A and B, affixed on the back shaft,
being: connecting rods, connecting the lever v with the lever us, which turns on
axis at their upper ends. These levers-v³, by the trucks or rollers, rest against
the cams A, by means of which the levers v are moved, carrying with them the
jacquard barrel away from the stems p¹ of the sliding instruments, and the
levers are, by the connecting rods v*, connected to levers, which have
trucks or rollers resting against the cam B on the back shaft, by means of
which the levers v are caused to move back, carrying with them the jacquard
barrel, and thus causing it by a pattern surface to select the stems p¹ of the
sliding instruments p. The turning of the jacquard barrel is caused to take
place when away from the stems p¹ in the following manner-wis a lever;
moving on an axis at its lower end; this lever wis moved by a cam C; affixed
on the back shaft, acting on a roller or truck, carried by the lever w at its
upper end, and the lever wis connected to the lever w¹ by means of the con-
necting rod w, the lever w¹ turning on an axis at its lower end, and it has a
curved surface at its upper end, as is shown, and the rollers or trucks w³
carried by the cam C, coming against such curved upper end of the lever w¹;
moves that lever back. The effect of this arrangement will be to cause the
jacquard barrel to make one-third of a revolution, and thus bring up a fresh
card or pattern surface in the following manner: -w is a driver, attached by
a pin joint to the lever w; this driver acting on the pins of the wheel i*;
affixed on the axis of the jacquard barrel, causes the barrel to move one-sixth
round, when the cam C by its rise acts. on the truck of the lever w, and the
jacquard barrel will be drawn round another sixth of a revolution by means of
the clawker w³ (which is supported by a spring to keep it in a proper position,
as is shown), when one of the trucks or rollers on the cam C comes against
the lever w. The jacquard, barrel is insured to be brought to a correct
position by means of the spring a, which acts on the six-sided wheel y. fixed
on the axis of the jacquard barrel at the left-hand end thereof, and the pressure
of the two ends of the spring: acting.on two opposite surfaces of the wheel y
will cause the wheel to stand correct, though the cam C and the apparatus
above described should not move it with great exactness, and the jacquard

page_text: barrel is retained correct (for acting on the stems p¹ by its pattern surface by
means of the wheel z, affixed at the left-hand end of the axis of the jacquard
barrel, such wheel having thrce notches formed therein, one of which in the
coming up of the jacquard barrel to the axis of "the machine" receives the
fixed projecting tooth ¹, which, being affixed upon the axis of "the machine,"
locks the wheel z, and thus retains the jacquard barrel from turning when
going up to act on the stems p¹ of the sliding instruments p. "The machine"
has an endway shogging motion communicated to it by means of the faced lace
wheel D, affixed on the back shaft. This wheel is so formed as to cause the
guides to lap their threads over each separate needle, that is to say, whether
the guides are selected or unselected they each lap their thread on one needle
only; and it will be seen that there are other rises formed upon the wheel D,
the object of which is to ensure the work being taken back upon the stems of the
needles by the nebs of the sinkers, as is well understood when making what is
called single pillar fabric in warp machines; and in order that the jacquard
barrel may at all times go endways with "the machine," there are projections
E affixed to the necks or axes g of "the machine," which, coming against the
ends of the axis of the jacquard barrel, cause that barrel to move endways with
"the machine." The chain of jacquard cards have the usual holes for studs
on the surfaces of the jacquard barrel to take into in order to hold the cards
successively correctly on the surfaces of the jacquard barrel, as is well under-
stood, and the levers carry two rollers against, which serve to conduct the
chain of cards to and from the jacquard barrel, as is shewn. The lace wheel
acts on a lever D¹, the other end of which rests against the right-hand end of
one of the necks or axes of "the machine," there being a spring D³ for forcing
"the machine" back towards the right hand. In order to support the
jacquard barrel when of considerable length, I apply a support in the middle
in the following manner :-F is a bent lever, from the horizontal arm of which
is suspended the bearing F' for the centre part of the axis of the jacquard
barrel, the rod which carries it being jointed, so as to allow of the endway
movement of the jacquard barrel, the end of the other arm of the bent lever F
carrying a truck or roller, which bears against the surface of the cam F*,
which is formed to correspond with the up-and-down movements of the
jacquard barrel. F' is a connecting rod, which connects the rod carrying the
bearing F with the lever F³, which turns on an axis at its upper end, and at
its lower end it carries a truck or roller, which rests against a cam G, affixed
on the back shaft, such cam giving to the center of the barrel by its cam the
same movement inwards towards the stems p¹ which is given to the ends of
the jacquard barrel by the cams above described. In order to give the 'to-and-

page_text: fro motion to "the machine," forked connecting rods H are used, connecting
the rocking levers carrying "the machine" with the levers or armis II', affixed
to the spindle bars H³, and to the spindle bars H² are affixed the arms H³,
which carry trucks or rollers at their upper ends, which rest against cams I,
affixed on to the back shaft; and although springs are used to "the machine™"
to carry it back from the needles, in order to insure that "the machine" should
be moved away from the needles there are arms J affixed to the back shaft,
each arm carrying a truck or roller, which, coming against the curved arm J',
affixed on the spindle bar H, causes the spindle bar to move partly round,
and thus move "the machine" away from the needles. In order to give
the requisité lapping motions to "the machine," the cams K affixed on
the back shaft, act on the levers L, to which are attached the connect-
ing rods L', which connect the levers L and the levers L³, affixed on the
axis G of the machine by pin joints, as shewn by the Drawings. The
description of sinkers which I prefer to use will be seen by examining the
Drawings, and it will also be seen that the sinkers carry a wire which acts as
the presser bar for closing the beards of the needles; but this arrangement is
not necessary to my Invention, as other sinkers and presser bar may be used.
Motion is communicated to the sinker bar M for raising and lowering it by
means of the cam N affixed to the back shaft, and the knocking-over motion
is communicated to the sinker bar by means of the cam O affixed on the back
shaft, as is shewn in the Drawings, the ordinary presser bar and the means of
making it being dispensed with in this machine. In order to retain the
machine firm when the pattern surface is selecting the stems p¹ of the sliding
instruments p, I apply the stops p, p, at intervals, according to the width of the
machine; the front ends of these stops at all times bear by means of a spring,
as shewn, against the back of the bar u (affixed. longitudinally on the top of
the machine), which acts as one of the supports of the warp threads to the
guides, as shewn in the Drawings. The back end of each of the stops P. are
attached by pin joints to the arms Q, fixed to the spindle bar R, and to the
back of that spindle bar is affixed the arm S, which is acted on by the trucks
or rollers T, carried by the knocking-over cam in such manner, that when the
jacquard barrel by its pattern surface comes against the ends of the stems p³,
the stops P shall resist the pressure thereby offered to the machine, and keep
the same stiff to its work. The pattern surface having selected various of the
sliding instruments p, according to the requirement of the pattern, the locker
bar n comes into action, and moves those instruments p which have been
selected, so as to act by their bent wires between their respective pairs of in-
dependent guides; as above explained, and motion for this purpose, and for

page_text: carrying back the sliding instruments p, is communicated to the locker bar in
the following manner :-U is a bevelled toothed wheel affixed on the back
shaft, which takes into and drives a bevelled tooth wheel affixed on the shaft
V, on the other end of which is affixed a bevelled tooth wheel W, which takes
into and drives the bevelled toothed wheel X affixed on the shaft or axis X, on
which axis are affixed cams X¹, which actuate the levers X, which have their
axes at the back end thereof, and these levers carry the racks Y, which take
into and drive the toothed segments formed on the shaft or axis of the locker.
blades n, the racks Y being guided as they move up and down. In order as
much as possible to avoid complexity of the Drawings, I have not thought it
necessary to shew the springs used for causing the levers to press against their
cams, as they will be applied in the ordinary manner. I will now describe
another arrangement of independant guides, in order to point out that the
manner of arranging and acting upon independent guides, according to my
Invention, may be varied so long as two rows of independent guides are used
for the upper guides, and two rows of independent guides are used for the
lower guides, when using two warp threads for each needle, and when the
separate guides of each pair of guides are so arranged that they may cross,
and thus for the time being reverse the previous positions.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS MARKED B.
These Drawings represent an ordinary warp machine, but having the presser
bar affixed in front of the sinkers to the sinker bar, and although this is
a convenient arrangement the ordinary pressure bar may be resorted to. This
machine has apparatus applied thereto.in order to carry out my Invention
thereby. In the previously described Drawings, the parts of the machinery,
though acting in many respects similar to ordinary warp machinery, yet as
there are many changes in their arrangements, it was desirable, for the infor-
mation of the workman, to enter more at large into the description of those
Drawings than it will be necessary in respect to the present Drawings.
The object of shewing my Invention applied to an ordinary machine is,
that although I prefer when making new machinery for carrying out my
Invention to arrange the same according to what I have above described, yet
as old machines can at comparatively small cost be greatly improved by
applying my Invention thereto, I have shewn a convenient mode of doing so in
the machines shewn by the Drawings now under description. In arranging
this machinery, I employ the ordinary jacquard apparatus, such as is used when
weaving in looms with warp and shuttles, and such jacquard apparatus acts
upon the arrangement of independent guides by means of cords in place of the

page_text: wires p³, before described, and for this reason the guides used, though prac-
tically working in the same manner, are varied in their construction and mode
of operating; but they are still so arranged that there are two rows of indepen-
dent guides acting as the upper guides, and two rows of independent guides
acting as the lower guides, and there are two warp threads for each needle, and
when a pair of guides are operated on by the pattern surface employed, the two
guides change their relative positions and work with the needle which the other
bar has been previously working with. "The machine" (1), 1), is of the ordi-
nary construction, and worked in the ordinary manner; but in place of carrying
ordinary guide bars, as heretofore, they are removed, and the bar (2) is applied
in "the machine" in such manner as to be capable of sliding or shogging
longitudinally by the lace wheel (3) affixed on the back shaft. The bars (2)
has affixed to it the leads of two rows of independent guides a, b, forming the
upper guides, and also two rows of independent guides c, d, forming the lower
guides, and the leads of the upper guage stops (4) are also affixed to the bar
(2), the leads of the lower guage stops (5) being affixed to a bar (6), which is
carried by the bar (2), hence, when that bar is shogged or moved endwise by
the lace wheel the whole of the guides will go together with their guage stops;
and there is a guage stop between each two of the upper, and each two of the
lower guides, the elasticity of the guides allowing them to rest at all times
against a guage stop either towards the right hand or towards the left hand,
for they will, when their cord is not selected by the pattern surface, be
drawn by a weight attached to each cord against their guage stop, the
weight being greater than the elasticity of the guides, but when the cord
working in connection with either pair of guides, is selected by the pattern
surface, such selection will cause the weight to be lifted, and thus allow the
pair of guides to exert their elasticity, and by doing so their previous relative
positions will be changed, and they will each work with the needles which the
other has just previously been working with, and if the pillars are for any
length of time required by the pattern to be left separate, then for that length
of time the guides will be successively selected or successively left unselected
by the pattern surface, and if the pattern requires that any two neighbouring
pillars shall be joined in constant succession, then the selection of the cord
which governs the working of that pair of guides will take place every other
time of the "working up of the jacquard barrel. The bar (2) is secured
to the machine" by screws. (8) passing through longitudinal slits or slots
formed in the bar (2), and the correct position of the bar (2) is adjusted by
screws (9), 9), which control its position upwards, and by the screws (10), (10),
which control its position downwards, the screws (10) coming under the axles

page_text: of friction wheels (11), the axis of which wheels are capable of being moved. up
and down in vertical grooves formed in supports (3*) carried by "the machine,"
the wheels (11) being for the purpose of reducing the friction of the bar (2) in
its movement to and fro longitudinaly, and the strain upon the bar (2) caused
by the selecting cords of the independent guides is further counteracted by
arms (7), (7), affixed to the bar (2), these arms sliding in slotted plates
affixed in front of the machine. The guides.are so formed and cast in leads,
that, before they have their guage stops introduced between each pair, they,
at their points stand over each other, and the tendency of their elasticity is
at all times to bring them into that position, hence, when the guage stops
are placed between the two guides which are between any two guage
stops press against those stops in opposite directions, but owing to the
cords which act on them being weighted, the pair of guides between any two
guage stops are; when the cord of that pair is not selected, drawn across each
other, and rest against the opposite stops to that which their elasticity, when
Each pair of
not overcome by the weight to their cord, would bring them.
upper guides is acted on by a cord (12), and each pair of lower guides is acted
upon by a cord (13), and these cords are respectively affixed to: the stems of
the upper row of guage stops, as is shewn; and it will be scen that each guide
of the upper row of the upper guides and each guide of the lower row of the
lower guides,is bent or cranked, the object of which is; that the cords when
pulled may be enabled to move the pairs of guides sufficiently apart to cause.
them to rest against the opposite guage stops to what they would do by their
own elasticity, which would not be the case if both the guides of a pair were
straight, as they would then only be separated a distance equal to the thick
ness of the cord. The manner of applying the cords (12), 13) to the respec-
tive pair of guides will be better understood by reference to the magnified end
view thereof at Figure X of the Drawings now under description. This view
is shewn as if looking from the back of the warp frame towards the front of the
warp frame; and it will be seen that each of the cords (12) passes from its
fixture above, on the left hand of the upper guide a, and at the right hand of
the lower guide b, the guides a and b being between two guage stops, it then
passes between the upper guide c &.lower guide d, and therefore, whether a
cord (12) be tight or slack, it will not act on or influence the lower guides c, d.
Each cord (13) being fastened above, as described, descends so as not to inter-
fere, with either of the upper row of guides, as is shown by dotted lines, and
passes on the left hand of the guide c and on the right hand of the guide d, the
guide c and d being in the same space between two guage stops; hence it will
seen that the cords (12) govern the two upper rows of guides, cach cord acting

page_text: on a pair of guides in the same space between two guage stops, and the cords
(13) govern the two lower rows of guides, and, as above stated, the weights to
the cord (12), (13), overcome the elasticity of the guides and cause them to
rest against the reverse guage stops to those which their own elasticity would
cause them to rest against. The cords (12) pass under the bar (14) and the
cords (13) pass under the bar (15), and these bars (14) and (15) are carried
by means of connecting rods (16), as shown, these connecting rods being con-
nected at their upper ends by pin joints to arms carried by "the machine," and
at their lower ends the rods (16) are by pin joints attached to the levers 16*,
which move upon one of the bars affixed in the plates (17), hence the bars
(14), 15), will be moved with the machine, and there is a sley fixed on the
bars (14), 15), between the wires of which the cords are kept separate.
Between the fixed plates (17) are fixed a series of bars (18), over which the
cords (12), 13), descend, and are made fast to their respective weights (19),
and the cords then ascend and are made fast to a hook of the jacquard appa-
ratus, as is shown, and motion is obtained to the lifting bars of the jacquard
apparatus by means of levers (20) affixed to a spindle bar (20x); from the
ends of these levers (20) the lifting bars (21) are suspended, there being other
lever arms affixed to the opposite side of the spindle bar, which are depressed
by springs (22), and motion is given to the spindle bar (20*) by means of
the levers (23), which are acted on by cams (24) on the back shaft, the levers
(23) being connected by connecting rods (25) to lever arms (26) affixed to the
spindle bar (20*).
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the best means I am
acquainted with for performing the same, I would have it understood that I
make no claim to any of the mechanical parts herein described separately, nor
do I claim the combinations thereof, other than as herein particularly described,
and claimed as my Invention; but what I claim is, the mode of applying inde-
pendent guides when two threads are employed to each needle, whereby four
rows of independent guides are used, and in such manner, that each inde-
pendent guide may from time to time (as the pattern may require) change its
position with another independent guide, and work for a time with the needle
which the other independent guide has just been working with.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Frearson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-four.
HENRY (L.B.) FREARSON.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-second day of October,
in the year of our Lord 1844, the aforesaid Henry Frearson, came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifica-
tion aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statutes made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenth-third day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-four.