IMPROVED FABRICS OR MATERIALS APPLICABLE AS UMBRELLA AND PARABOL COVERINGS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of
"IMPROVED FABRICS OR MATERIALS APPLICABLE AS UMBRELLA AND PARABOL
COVERINGS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."-A communication from abroad
by Jean Degivry, Merchant, of 13, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris.
Sealed the 31st August 1869, and dated the 9th March 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville
Clark at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition on the 9th March 1869.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED FABRICS OR. MATERIALS APPLICABLE AS UMBRELLA AND
PARASOL COVERINGS, AND, FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED FABRICS OR. MATERIALS APPLICABLE AS UMBRELLA AND
PARASOL COVERINGS, AND, FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-

page_text: the material are exposed and are required to present different aspects.
The improvements are more especially applicable in the manufacture
of coverings for parasols, umbrellas, and sunshades in which an inside
and outside surface of different qualities or colors is employed for
diffusing or repelling the rays of light or heat, or to prevent the rain
from passing through.
By the aid of the improvements of this Invention the above results
are obtained under conditions of lightness hitherto unattainable.
I produce fabrics suited for the above purposes in various ways:-
1st, I may superpose two fabrics of different colors or aspects either
before or at the time of use and unite them by sewing, pasting, or other
means; 2ndly, I may superpose and unite two fabrics of different colors
or aspects by weaving; 3rdly, I may apply on the one side of the fabric
or material a coating of another. color or aspect in one or more superposed
layers, and so as to preserve the suppleness of the fabric, while it may be
at same time rendered impervious if desired according to the nature of
the coating employed; 4thly, I may apply on one or other face of the
fabric or material a coating of similar or different colors which may
serve for uniting a fabric applied thereon, or instead of a fabric it may
be shearings, flock powder, or other matters used for imparting a
decorative or useful effect.
The matters I use for coating the fabrics are prepared with a basc
of some adhesive nature including soaps, resins, wax, fatty matters,
varnishes, and paper pulp. For giving the required consistency to the
coatings use minerals, such as white lead, zinc white, baryta, and
others, and use any suitable coloring matter, but preferably those of a
mineral nature.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 7th September 1869.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Alexander Melville Clark, Her special licence
that I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED FABRICS
OR MATERIALS APPLICABLE AS UMBRELLA AND PARASOL COVERINGS, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES," a communication to me from abroad by Jean Degivry, Mer-
chant, of 13, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say):-
This Invention relates to the manufacture or preparation of fabrics
applicable to articles of dress, to the manufacture of artificial flowers,
trimmings, and decorative purposes, and in all cases where both sides of
the material are exposed and are required to present different aspects.
The improvements are more especially applicable in the manufacture
of coverings for parasols, umbrellas, and sunshades in which an inside
and outside surface of different qualities or colors is employed for
diffusing or repelling the rays of light or heat, or to prevent the rain
from passing through.
By the aid of the improvements of this Invention the above results

page_text: I produce fabrics suited for the above purposes in various ways:-
Thus, 1st, I may superpose two fabrics of different colors or aspects
either before or at the time of use and unite them by sewing, pasting,
or other means; 2ndly, I may superpose and unite two fabrics of
different colors or aspects by weaving them simultaneously; 3rdly, I
may apply on one side of the fabric or material a coating of another
color or aspect in one or more superposed layers, and still preserve
the suppleness of the fabric, while it may be at same time ren-
dered impervious if desired according to the nature of the coating
employed; 4thly, I may apply on one or other face of the fabric or
material a coating of similar or different colors to serve for uniting
a fabric applied thereon, or instead of a fabric it may be shearings,
flock powder, or other matters used for imparting a decorative or useful
effect.
The matters I use for coating the fabrics are prepared with a base
of some adhesive nature including soaps, resins, wax, fatty matters,
varnishes, and paper pulp. For giving the required consistency to the
coatings I use minerals, such as white lead, baryta, and others, and
use any suitable coloring matter, but preferably those of a mineral
nature.
I reserve the right of applying the coloring or other matters on the
fabrics to which the double face is to be imparted by the aid of any
known means in order to render them impervious to light and moisture
and at same time possessing a lightness not attainable with lined
fabrics. Thus I may immerse the fabrics in the matters, and in addition
employ pressure if desired by means of rollers or otherwise, or I may
apply the matters by the aid of a brush or sprinkle them on the surface,
and so more or less completely cover the same. The fabrics thus coated
or prepared are then calendered or glazed by cold or hot processes for
the purpose of imparting the desired finish. I may further add chemical
matters suitable for rendering the fabrics incombustible either in the
bath in which they are immersed or to the matters used for coating said
fabrics. This is of especial advantage where the fabrics are used for
decorative and other similar purposes. I employ the above 'known
means for obtaining a light supple material impervious to light and
moisture.
Having described the nature of this Invention, and the manner of

page_text: protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, pro-
ducing reversible fabrics in the manner and applicable for the various
purposes herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.
Witness,
WILLIAM CLARK,
53, Chancery Lane,
London.
A. M. CLARK. (L.S.)