IMPROVE- MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Paul Ambroise Bayle at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th September 1883.
PAUL AMBROISE BAYLE of 29 rue de Chateaudun, Paris, Engineer "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
"
This invention has for its object improvements in steam boilers.
For this purpose I form the boiler furnace of three concentric cylinders, the
diameters of which are determined by the size of the boiler and the kind of fuel
used.
The fire bars and fuel are placed between the first or innermost. cylinder and the
second or middle cylinder.
These cylinders are both open at top and bottom.
The third or outermost cylinder is also open at the bottom and is surmounted by
a truncated cone.
The first or innermost cylinder acts as an automatic injector of atmospheric air
into the upper part of the furnace and moreover by impulsion causes a current of
air to rise up through the other two cylinders.
The large base of the truncated cone above mentioned is made equal to the
diameter of the outermost cylinder. Its angle varies according to the kind of fuel
used and its height or length varies according to its angle.
This I call the convergent cone. From the truncated end of this convergent
cone springs another truncated and inverted cone which I call the divergent cone.
The angle of this varies from 2° to 12°..
•
Its height or length varies also according to circumstances but in general it
amounts to nine times the diameter of its small base.
The diameter of the two cones at their junction should be about half of that of
the large base of the convergent cone.
The divergent cone is upright in the case of vertical boilers and curved in
horizontal boilers.
The boiler surrounds these convergent divergent cones which traverse it from
end to end. The upper part of the divergent cone projects beyond the boiler and
constitutes the chimney.
The above described construction of the furnace of a steam boiler has the
advantage of producing a perfect combustion and of vaporizing a great amount of
water with very little fuel.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Paul Ambroise Bayle in the Patent Office on the 5th March 1884.
PAUL AMBROISE BAYLE of 29 rue de Chateaudun, Paris, Engineer "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
"
This invention has for its object improvements in furnaces in fire tubes and
chimnies of steam boilers.
I form the furnace of three concentric cylinders variable in length, the diameters
of which are determined by the size of the boiler and the kind of fuel used.
The first or innermost cylinder A (see Figure 3) open at top and bottom, acts as
an automatic injector of atmospheric air into the upper part of the furnace and
moreover by impulsion causes a current of air to rise up through the other two
cylinders which are also open at the bottom. In general the diameter of this first
cylinder will be equal to about 1/4 of the diameter of the second cylinder hereafter
described.
The upper part of this first cylinder may be bored with holes or fitted with
vertical iron bars as shown in the Figure 3. Instead of iron bars, this upper part
may consist of a short cylinder of fire clay, bored with holes.
The second or middle cylinder B finishes in its upper portion with holes or with
vertical iron bars as shown in Figure 3. The height of these iron bars as also that
of the iron bars in the first cylinder varies. They start generally from the
horizontal grate O Figure 3 which is placed between the first and the second
cylinder. The fuel is placed on this horizontal grate 0 between the two
cylinders A B. In general the diameter of this second or middle cylinder will be
equal to /, of the diameter of the third cylinder hereafter described.
The third or outermost cylinder O Figure 3 envelopes the two others and is
surmounted by a truncated cone D the large base of which has the same diameter
as the outermost cylinder. Its angle varies according to the kind of fuel to be
used and its height or length varies according to its angle. In general the
maximum effect is obtained by giving to the truncated cone D an angle of 45°
when the coal is used. I call this cone D the "convergent cone.'
"
From the truncated end of this springs another truncated and inverted cone E
which I call the "divergent cone." The angle of this last varies from 2° to 12°
but the maximum effect is obtained with the angle of 5°. Its height or length
varies also according to circumstances but it amounts generally from seven to nine
times the diameter of its small base e. f. Figure 3. This cone may be continued by
a cylinder as shown in T Figure 2.
The diameter of the small base e. f. Figure 3 should be about half that of the
large base g. h. of the convergent cone.
The divergent cone E is upright in case of vertical boilers and curved in horizontal
boilers see Figures 1 and 2.
The boiler thus surrounds these convergent divergent cones which traverse it
from end to end. The upper part of the divergent cone projects beyond the boiler
to a variable distance and constitutes the exterior part of the chimney.
At some distance from the small base e. f. Figures 1 and 2 of the divergent
cone E I can place a tube plate from which springs tubes varying in number and
dimensions according to circumstances.
These tubes are conical continuing the angle of the divergent cone and having
the same area they can also be made cylindrical in shape although the result
obtained will thereby be lessened. In the same way I can replace the divergent
cone itself by a cylinder starting from the small base e. f. of the convergent cone,

page_text: but here also the same remark applies and the results will be considerably
diminished.
I can also suppress the innermost or injector cylinder A keeping only the second
cylinder B and the third cylinder C (envelope of the furnace) as it is shown in
the Figure 4. This arrangement however is much less efficacious than the first
but has the advantage of being applicable without much change to many existing
boilers.
The Figure 3 indicates in P the position occupied by the door of the furnace a
spring attached to this door puts in motion a disc which falls on the upper end of
the first cylinder A so closing it when the furnace door is opened for firing and
which rises again when the door is shut.
This system of constructing the furnace and chimney has the advantage of
producing the perfect combustion of any kind of combustible whatever and its
application to the steam boilers enable to vaporizate rapidly a great amount of
water with very little fuel.
What I claim as my invention is:—
First The new system of furnace and chimney described above and shown in
the drawings annexed to my specification.
Second The arrangement of the fire tubes and of the chimney as described
above and indicated in the drawings.
In witness whereof I the said Paul Ambroise Bayle have hereunto set my hand
and seal this the Twenty Eighth day of February in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty four.
P A RAYLE T