IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR FEEDING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES TO PREPARING, CARDING, AND OTHER MACHINERY FOR WORKING WOOL AND OTHER FILAMENTOUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1865

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 30th September 1865.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR FEEDING FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES TO PREPARING, CARDING, AND OTHER MACHINERY FOR WORKING WOOL AND
OTHER FILAMENTOUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The machine for which I am claiming a Patent is used to form sheets of
filamentous matters of equal thickness and breadth throughout their length.
In the working of. the carding wool these sheets are placed at the entrance.
Price 8d1

page_text: of the first machine of a set of carding machines, and in that manner
supersede manual or mechanical feeding.
The following description will explain the application of the regulator
feeding machine to the working of the carding wool.
A feeding apparatus called a self-acting distributor is placed in front
and the wool is thrown in heaps into the receiving box. A travelling
apron furnished with projecting pieces carries the wool towards another
apron, which stops it and passes it along the bottom of the box to the
beater, which throws it upon a travelling apron, where it is massed in the
passage from the apron, the side pieces, and the perforated cover. If the
wool is delivered too abundantly into this chamber or space it will be
returned again into the box by means of the projecting pieces on the first
apron. Over the last travelling apron is placed an oiling apparatus, which
oils the wood as it advances. A large fan drum provided with teeth seizes
the wool as it is presented by the holding or feeding rollers, and opens and
throws it forward into a space formed by another travelling belt, the vertical
sides and the cover of which are perforated with air holes. By the pro-
gress of the travelling belt the wool is formed into a sheet and conducted
to the pressing rollers, and from thence to another roller, on which it is
wound with a sheet of woven fabric coming from another roller, so as to
prevent the sheets or bats of wool from coming into contact. The roll of
wool formed as above is placed in the first carding machine, where it is un-
rolled and fed to the working cards with great regularity and economy of labour
Although the regulator feeding machine is described as combined with the
feeding and oiling apparatus, it can, however, be used independently of
those apparatus or differently combined. These apparatus also may be
employed separately as may be required. For instance, the self-acting
feeding engine is applicable to all machines in which textile matters are
required to be fed in a continuous manner, such as carding, scribbling, and
opening machines of various kinds, beaters, and drying and washing machines,
Many modifications may be devised, but all are based on the principle of
taking the material from the bottom of the mass, thus throwing the wool
forward in the manner already explained.
As regards the oiling apparatus it is applicable to different kinds of
machines and in various ways. The stationary cylinder is placed on the
outside, and is completely closed except on its lower part, where is a cock
with a long spout which dips into the liquid in the receiver. As the level of
the liquid sinks in the reservoir the air enters the cylinder and maintains the
level of the liquid in the receiver. In order to mix the liquid in the cylinder

page_text: without allowing the air to enter by the upper part a revolving agitator pro-
vided with wings is placed within; the rod of this agitator passes through a
stuffing box, and carries a pulley, by which motion is given to the agitator.
The two stoppers have their upper part funnel-shaped to receive an oily
liquid for preventing the introduction of air into the cylinder. Bands
furnished with bristles or brushes take up the liquid in the receiver and
sprinkle it ou the wool by the pressure of the bristles on a bar of metal
straight on the upper side and undulated on the lower side.
The novelty in this apparatus consists in the application of the stationary
cylinder, which keeps the liquid well mixed and retains a constant level by
means of the vacuum.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th March 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I. WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Laue, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,give and grant unto me, the
said William Edward Newton, Her special licence that I, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as.
I, the said William Edward Newton,my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfullymight
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, au Invention for "IM."
PROVED MACHINERY FOR FEEDING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES TO PREPARING, CARDING,
AND OTHER MACHINERY FOR WORKING WOOL AND OTHER FILAMENTOUS SUBSTANCES,"
being a communication from Alexandre Deru, of Heusy, near Verviers, in
the Kingdom of Belgium, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the'
said William Edward Newton, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same tó be filed

page_text: in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say)
-
The object of this Invention is to supersede the manual feeding of wool
to preparing and carding machines or the laying of the "roping" by
mechanical means on the feed cloth.
The machinery which I will now describe is intended to form the wool or
other filamentous matters into sheets of equal thickness and breadth
throughout their length, in which state the wool is to be presented to the
feed rolls of the first of a series of preparing or carding machines, and
delivered to the action of such machine.
In the accompanying Drawings I have shewn so much of the feed preparing
machinery as will serve to explain its arrangement and operation. It consists,
first, of a self-acting distributor which carries the wool from a hopper to an
endless apron, in passing over which it is oiled, and in that state is delivered
to a beating engine. After passing through the beating engine the wool is
allowed to accumulate on an endless apron, which delivers it to a pair of com-
pressing rollers, the pressure of which reduces the wool to a bat. The wool
thus compressed is delivered in a continuous sheet on to a roller, round which
a cloth passes from a cloth roll to a lap roll, and by the rotation of this lap
roll the sheet of wool is laid or lapped around the roll, its laps being kept
separate by the interposed cloth.
Fig. 1, Sheet I., is a longitudinal section of the machinery used for prepar-
ing the bats; and Figures 2, 3, and 4 shew in longitudinal elevation and
cross sections the improved arrangement of ciling apparatus employed.
A is a box or hopper for receiving the wool to be operated up on; it is
furnished with two endless travelling aprons BandC,the apron Bbeingmounted
at the bottom of the hopper, and the apron C nearly at right angles thereto.
The apron B is furnished with projecting pieces, which serve to carry during
the rotation of the apron the wool towards the apron C. This apron regulates
the quantity that the teeth shall carry forward, and the portion not intercepted
passes along the inclined bottom of the box A until it meets with a rotary
beater D, which delivers it on to an endless apron E. Upon this apron E,
which forms the travelling floor of a passage leading to the beating engine,
the wool accumulates for the purpose of being oiled. If the wool is delivered

page_text: too abundantly into this space it will be returned again into the hopper or
box by means of projections on the apron B..
Over the travelling apron E is placed an oiling apparatus (the details of
which will be hereafter described) for oiling the wood as it advances to the
beating engine. This engine consists of a fan wheel or drum F, enclosed in a
metal casing, which is provided with a pair of feed rolls for receiving the wool
from the apron E. The arms of the wheel F are fitted with teeth, which as
the drum rotates seize the wool as it is presented by the holding or feeding
rollers, and open it and throw it forward into an inclined chamber situate, on
the opposite side of the casing to that at which the feed rolls are mounted. A
travelling apron G forms the bottom of this chamber, and the vertical sides;
and the cover are formed of perforated plates H and I; as the opened wool
enters this chamber accompanied by the blast of air created by the fan wheel F,
it will be received on to the apron and the air will escape through the per-
forations The speed or progress of the travelling belt G will be such as to
allow the wool to accumulate thereon and form a bat or sheet, and as the
sheet is formed it will be conducted to a pair of pressing rollers K, situate
at the end of the chamber, which rollers will condense the sheet and deliver
it to a roller L. Over this roller a cloth led from a cloth roller M passes
on its way to the lap roll N, to which it is attached, and which lap roller
is supported in guides by bearing on the rollers L and L. As therefore
rotary motion is given to the roller L it will receive the sheet of condensed;
fibre and carry it, forward and roll it, together with the cloth from the
roller M, on to the lap roller N, thus preventing the laps of the sheet.
or bat of wool from coming into contact with each other.
The roll of wool formed as above is now fit to be placed in the first pre-
paring or carding machine, where by simply unrolling it will feed the
working cards with great regularity and economy, as it requires neither
manual labour nor any mechanical feed for delivering the wool evenly
to the feed rolls. The gearing for setting the working parts in motion
is indicated by the pitch lines drawn in red.
:
Although I have described the self-acting distributor as combined with
the oiling and lapping apparatus, it may be used independently or differently
combined if thought desirable. The oiling and lapping apparatus may
also be employed separately as may be required. For instance, the self-
acting distributor is applicable as a feeding engine to all machines in which
textile matters are required to be fed in a continuous manner, such as
carding, scribbling, and opening machines of various kinds, beaters, and
drying and washing machines.

page_text: In Sheet II. I have shewn at Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 as many modi-
fications in the arrangement of the working parts of the selt-acting distributor,
but they are all based on the principle of taking the material from the bottom
of the mass, then throwing the wool forward in the manner already explained.
I do not therefore think it necessary to enter into detail respecting their con-
struction, but have placed the same letters used in Fig. 1 on the corresponding
parts of these several Figures To prevent the choking of the chamber G,H,I,
the regulating arrangement shewn in Fig. 7, Sheet II., may be adopted; it
consists of making a return passage from the beating engine to the fan
or beater case D, and placing therein an endless apron P, which will
traverse back the surplus wool brought round by the wheel F.
The oiling apparatus consists of a closed cylindrical reservoir A¹ for con-
taining the oil or composition. This reservoir is placed at one end of the oil
distributor. The reservoir A' is provided at bottom with a cock N, which
dips into the receiver or pan N¹, into which the oil runs from the reservoir A¹.
As the level of the liquid sinks in the pan or receiver N¹ of the oiling appa-
ratus the air enters the cylinder A' through the cock, and maintains the level
of the liquid in the receiver or pan N¹. In order to mix the liquid in the
cylinder A¹ without allowing the air to enter by the upper part a revolving
agitator B, provided with wings, is placed within the cylinder, as seen in the
Drawing. The rod of this agitator passes through a stuffing box P, and
carries a pulley P¹, through which by means of a band motion is given to the
agitator B within the cylinder. The two stoppers O and P are inserted in
a conical or funnel-shaped basin, in which is placed an oily liquid for the
purpose of preventing the introduction of air into the cylinder A¹. Longi-
tudinal bars Q, Q, furnished at their outer edges with bristles or brushes,
are mounted on arms attached to the shaft C¹, to which rotary motion is
communicated by passing a driving band round the pulley C² outside; as
the shaft C rotates the bristles on the bars Q will dip into and take up the
liquid in the pan or receiver N¹, and will sprinkle it on the wool as the bristles
on the bars Q press against the bar of metal D', which is straight on the upper
side and undulated on the lower side, as shown in the front elevation.
The peculiar feature of novelty in this part of the apparatus is the closed
cylindrical reservoir A', which maintains the liquid preparation at a constant
level in the pan or receiver N¹, and being provided with an agitator keeps
the liquid always well mixed in the reservoir.
Having now described the Invention which has been communicated
to me as aforesaid, I claim the construction and arrangement of parts herein
set forth, constituting a machine for providing a self-acting feed for preparing

page_text: carding and other machinery for working wool and other filamentous
substances
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-ninth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.s.)