Improvements in Loom-snutties.
Year: 1895

page_text: Improvements in
Loom-snutties.
I, JOSEPH ANTON GUBELMANN, of Feldbacha/ Zurichsee. in the Republic of
Switzerland, Weaving expert, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
The loom-shuttle.according to this invention is. provided with a tension-device
for the weft-thread. This device is formed of two discs or plates, which are
arranged: opposite to each other, are capable of moving after the manner of buffers!
or of flaps, and are pressede against .each other by means of an; elastic backing-so
as thereby to exert a braking-action upon the weft-thread. which is led between the
said discs or plates. The discs or plates are pressed towards each other by elastic
backing, for the regulation of the compression of which there are provided screws,
the ends of which form the rear supports for the said backing:
1
In the accompanying drawings..
Fig 1 is,a partial plan, partly in horizontal section;
Fig. 2 a partial elevation, partly in vertical section, and
Fig. 3. an elevation, of, acdetail, of one construction of shuttle: according to this
invention;;; and,
:
Eig, 14 illustrates a modified detail.
Eigs. 4.to 7 illustrate another-construction of shuttle according to this invention;
Fig. 4being a partial plan, partly. in, horizontal section ;
Fig. 5 partial elevation partly in vertical section; and:
Figs. 6. & 7 two vertical cross sections thereof.
The tension-device, through which: the weft-thread s is drawn from the bobbio
of the shuttle, is formed, of two, discs-b (Figs. 1,14, and 2) or of two plates 6º,
(Figs. 4, 5, and 7), which. are pressed against each other: by an: elastic backing
composed, for instance, of springs a, (Figs. 1, 4, &.7) or of small rubber. discs or..
washers (Fig.14)..
In
The weft-thread passes through between the discs 6 or plates: 6%. The brake-
surfaces of the discs.b or plates 60 may be flat or smooth (as shown in the figs.), or,
in order,further to, increase. their, braking action. they may be made. corrugated or..
undulating the. arrangement being such that. a convex part of one surface. is.
situated opposite.a, corresponding.concave part of the other surface. Whilst the
disusb are preferably adapted to, move towards, each other, after the manner of
buffers, the plates.b! are arranged to move towards each other after the manner of
flaps, that is to say to have a sort of hinge-joint about. which they can turn.
the example shown in Figs. 4to.7, the plates.b° are mounted with their lower ends
upon two pins n driven transversely through the body of the shuttle, the said plates
having an amount of play.on the pins n sufficient to allow the free upper ends of
the plates to move apart or away from each: other. At these free upper-ends the
plates have lugs! bent: laterally to facilitate the spreading. apart of the plates.
For the purpose of regulating-the pressure of the elastic backings a or al upon the
discs b.or plates, there are employed screwsic, which bear with their ends. against,
and thereby form, a support for, the rear surface of the elastic backings a, aº.
According as the screws c are screwed in crout, they increase on diminish the
pressure of the elastic backings upon the discs or plates. In order to enable the
braking-pressure, to be regulated, it is not necessary to provide both discs or plates
with adjustable pressure: this provision may be dispensed with as regards one disc

page_text: or plate, in which case the said disc or plate is provided merely with a simple
backing of yielding material, such as rubber, or cork.
In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, the screws c are formed with axial holes
and thus serve at the same time to carry a pin o which serves as a centering device
for the discs 6 and springs a. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 14, each of the
screws c is provided, in place of the aforesaid pin o, with a small stud of which
projects into the small rubber disc aº of the corresponding disc b. In the
arrangement shown in Figs. 4 to 7, only one of the screws c is provided with a
studo which passes freely through the plates and serves to centre both of the
springs a.
The weft-threads placed between the plates 6º, is carried above the central
studo (Figs. 4 to 7) or pino (Fig. 1).
One, or both, of the plates 6º (Figs. 4 to 7), may be provided in proximity.to
their brake-surfaces, with a projecting hook p, which, in the case of plates 6º that
are adapted to be spread apart, does not prevent the insertion of the weft-thread,
but prevents the inserted thread from accidentally slipping out from between the
plates. In the example illustrated, it is assumed that the hook p extends laterally
past the opposite plate. Each of such hooks may however, be formed on the
actual brake-surface of one of the plates, in which case the opposite plate must
have a corresponding recess. to receive the hook::
For the purpose of locking each screw c; there may be employed a small
screw d (Figs. 1 and 2) which is arranged to be screwed up against the periphery
of the screw c, and which, for the sake of obviating damage to the thread of the
screw c, is provided with a nose or pressure-piece of leather or the like. But if,
by radially slitting the screws.c, a certain amount of elasticity be imparted to them,
they will be thereby caused to jam themselves in their female screw-threads to an.
extent sufficient to allow the use of the aforesaid screws d to be dispensed with.
Preferably, the weft-thread s is guided additionally between the bobbin of the
shuttle and the tension device; and this is usually done by passing the thread
between pins which are driven transversely through the body of the shuttle.
In the arrangements illustrated;.this additional guidance is effected by means of
special eye-hooks which allow of the insertion of the thread without its being
necessary that one end of the thread shall be free.
For this purpose; in the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3, there is inserted
into the shuttle-body between the bobbin and the tension-device a transverse metal
piece or wall (see Fig. 3) from the upper free edge of which there extends
downward a slit terminating in an eye r. A hook u fixed at one end u to the
transverse wall q, serves by means of its top. bend to close the slit-like entrance to
the eye r, and thus to prevent a thread that has once been inserted therein from
slipping out, without however preventing the insertion of the thread through the
slit; the arrangement being such that the thread is able to slip into the eye r
through the space left between the free end u³ of the hook and the transverse
wall g. The said free end of the hook is arranged to bear with a certain amount
of spring close up against the wall g, so that the thread introduced between the
two parts is obliged to first form the said space by forcing back the part u³. In the
example illustrated the free end u³ of the book is also received into a recess formed
by stamping in the transverse wall 9.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 4 to 7, the eye is formed directly in
the material of the shuttle-body and has also its inlet opening directed upwards,
the said inlet-opening being kept closed by means of a movable hook u° subjected
to the action of a rubber spring or piece of elastic or of a metallic spring. For
the purpose of inserting the thread, the hook u° is adapted to be turned back in
such a manner as to leave the. inlet-opening of the eye free. The spring; or the
piece of elastic may be variously arranged.
With reference to the special arrangement shown in Fig. 6, it is assumed that a
piece of elastic t is connected to, so as to act vertically upon, the lower end of the
hook u° which, is shown bent from a piece of wire, whilst the actual pivot of the

page_text: hook is formed by a sort of knife-edge of the shuttle-body, against which
the hook is drawn with its bend by the piece of elastic t.
If the lower end of the hook be provided with a pivot-pin, somewhat as shown
at in dotted lines, a piece of elastic or a spring may with advantage also be
arranged horizontally somewhat as indicated in dotted lines at a.
The tension-device herein described may also have combined with it a device for
automatically drawing or tightening up the piece of weft-thread lying free between
the shuttle and the woven material in weaving.
In the example illustrated of a device of this kind (which may however be
dispensed with in shuttles provided with the tension plates or discs herein described),
the weft-thread is drawn between the tension-device and an outlet opening or outlet
eye e in the shuttle, through wire-eyes ffixed to the shuttle body, and also through
eyes or equivalent bent portions of an arm g which has a tendency to move away
from the fixed eyes finto the position shown in full lines in Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5;
this tendency being imparted to the lever g by means of a spring (Figs. 1 and 2)
acting upon the pivot h of the arm g, or by means of a piece of elastic 1° (Figs. 4
and 5) attached to the arm g itself.
The braking action exerted by the herein before described tension-device upon
the weft-threads, is strong enough to overcome the force of the spring / or of the
elastic lo, and thus by means of the tightened thread to pull the arm g up to the
fixed eyes that is to say into the position indicated in dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 4.
But as soon as the weft-thread, for instance in consequence of the rebounding of
the shuttle, becomes loose between the tension device and the material being woven
the arm g is able to move back under the action of the spring or of the elastic 1°
thereby tightening the weft-thread afresh.
In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the pivot h of the arm g is supported
at the top in a suitably located socket to and is carried at its lower end in a rotary
stud or pin to which one end of the spring is fixed whilst its other end is fixed
to the pivot h or to the arm 9 itself. The arm g may, however, be-supported at
the top in any other suitable manner. The stud is formed at its lower and
accessible end to facilitate its rotation, with a slot for the insertion of a screw-
driver or the like. By suitably rotating the stud i, the tension of the spring. / can
be adjusted as desired in such a manner as to ensure the proper operation of the
device.
To prevent any accidental rotation of the stud i by the reaction of the spring 1,
it may be locked by means of a screw k the head of which may be caused to bear
against a head on the stud i.
In the arrangement shown in Figs. 4 and 5, in which the pivot h of the arm g
may be supported in any suitable manner, one end of the rubber-cord 1° attached to
the army is wound round a rotary stud and is fixed thereto, so that by rotating
the stud the said cord can be wound up or let off and thereby its tension increased
or diminished so as to regulate the action of the arm g.
Dated this 18th day of February 1895.
Improvements in Loom-shuttles.
I, JOSEPH ANTON GUBELMANN, of Feldbach a/ Zurichsee, in the Republic of
Switzerland, Weaving-expert, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention of improvements in loom shuttles has reference inter alia to an

page_text: improved construction of tension-device for the weft-thread of such shuttles. The
tension device according to this invention is formed of two discs or plates which are
arranged opposite to each other, are capable of moving after the manner.of.büffers
br of flaps, and are pressed towards each other by means of an elastic backing, so
as thereby to exert a 'braking action upon the weft-thread which is led between
them. For regulating the compression of the elastic backing there are provided
strews 'the inner ends of which form the rear supports for the said backing.
Referring to the drawings filed with my "Provisional Specification,
Fig. is a plan, partly in horizontal section, aiid
Fig. 2 is an elevation, partly. in vertical section, showing part of one construction
of Toom-shuttle according to this invention.
Fig. 3 is an elevation of a detail thereof.
Fig. 'Illustrates in section, a modified detail thereof.
Figs. 4 to 7 inclusive illustrate part of another construction of loom shuttle
according to this invention';
Fig. 4 being a plan, partly in horizontal section,
Fig. 5 an elevation, partly in vertical section; and
Figs. 6 and 7 two vertical cross-sections thereof.
The tension-device through which the weft-thread's is drawn from the bobbin or
dop (hereinafter referred to as the bobbin) of the shuttle, is formed of two discs b
(Figs. 1, 1, & 2) or of two plates 6° 6° (Figs. 4, 5, & 7) which are pressed towards
each other by elastic backing composed, for instance, of coiled springs a (Figs. 1,
4, & 7) or of small rubber discs or washers dº (Fig:'14). The weft-thread passes
through between the discs b'or plates 'b°.
The brake-surfaces of the discs b or plates 6° may be flat or smooth (as shewn in
the figures), or in order further to increase their braking-action they may be made
"corrugated or undulating, 'the arrangement in this case being such that a convex
part of one surface is situated opposite a corresponding concave part of the other
surface.
:
The discs báre' preferably adapted to move towards each other after the manner
of buffers; but the plates 60 are arranged to move towards each other after the
manner of flaps-that is to say to turn about a hinge-like joint. In the example
shewn in Figs. 4 to 7 inclusive, the plates 60 are mounted with their lower ends upon
two pins n driven transversely through the body of the shuttle, the said plates
having an amount of play on the pins n sufficient to allow of their free upper ends
moving apart or away from each other. At these free upper ends the plates have
laterally bent lugs or ears 6 for facilitating the spreading apart of the plates.
For the purpose of regulating the pressure of the elastic backings a or a° upon
the discs b or plates 60there are employed screws c which bear with their ends
against, and thereby form a support for the rear surface of the elastic backings a; º.
According as the screws c are screwed in or out, they increase or diminish the
pressure of 'the'elastic backings upon the discs or plates. In order to enable. the
braking-pressure to be regulated, it is not necessary to provide both discs or plates
with a pressure adjusting-device; this provision may be dispensed with 'as regards
one disc or plate, in which case the said disc or plate is provided inerely with a 4
simple backing of yielding material, such as rubber, or cork.
In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, the screws c are formed with axial holes and
thus serve at the same time to carry a pin o which serves as a centering device for
the discs and springs a. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 14, each of the
screws c is provided, in place of a pin such as o, with a small stud 0° which projects
into the small rubber disea° of the corresponding disc b. In the arrangement
shown in Figs. 4 to 7; only one of the screws c is provided with a stud of which
passes freely through the plates and serves to centre both of the springs a.
The weft-threads placed between the plates 6º, or the discs b, is carried above
the central stud. (Figs. 4 to 7) or the pin o (Fig. 1) respectively.
One, or both, of the plates 6° (Figs. 4 to 7), may be provided, in proximity to
their brake-surfaces, with a projecting hook p, which, in the case of the plates to

page_text: which are adapted to be spread apart does not prevent the insertion of the weft-
thread, but prevents the inserted thread from accidentally-slipping out from between
the plates. In the example illustrated, the hook p extends laterally past the
opposite plate; each of such hooks may, however, be formed on the actual brake-
surface of the corresponding plate, in which case 'the opposite plate must have a
corresponding recess to receive the hook.
For the purpose of locking each screw c, there may be employed a small screw d
(Figs. 1 & 2), which is arranged to be screwed up against the periphery of the
screw c, and which, for the sake of obviating damage to the thread of the screw c,
is provided with a-nose or pressure-piece of leather or the like. But if; by radially
slitting the screws c, a.certain amount of elasticity be imparted to them, they will
be thereby caused to jam themselves in their female screw-threads to an extent
sufficient to allow the use of the aforesaid screws d'to be dispensed with.
Preferably, the weft-thread.s is -guided additionally between the bobbin of the
shuttle and the tension-device, and this is usually done 'by passing the thread
between.pins which are driven transversely through the body of the shuttle.
In the arrangements illustrated, this additional guidance is effected by means of
special combinations of eyes and hooks, which allow of the insertion of the thread
without its being necessary that one end of the thread shall be free.
For this purpose, in the arrangement:illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, there is
inserted into the shuttle-body between the bobbin and the tension-device, a
transverse metal piece or wall q (see Fig. 3), from the upper free edge of which
there extends downward a slit terminating in an eye r. A hook u, fixed at one
end u to the transverse wall q, serves by means of its top bend to close the slit-likė
entrance to the eye r, and thus to prevent a thread that has once been inserted
therein, from slipping out, without however preventing the insertion of the thread
through the slit, the arrangement being such that the thread is able to slip into the
eye through the space left between the free end u³ of the hook and the transverse
wall g. The said free end of the hook is arranged to bear with a certain amount
of spring against the wall 9, so that the thread introduced between the two parts
is obliged first to form the said space by forcing back the part u³. In the example
now being describel, the free end of the hook enters a recess, formed by
stamping, in the transverse wall q.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 4 to 7, the eye 70 is formed in the
material of the shuttle-body itself and has, as in the other case, its inlet-opening
directed upwards, the said inlet-opening being kept closed by means of a movable
hook subjected to the action of a rubber-spring or piece of elastic, or of a
metallic spring. For the purpose of inserting the thread, the hook u° is adapted to
be turned back in such a manner as to leave the inlet-opening of the eye free for
introducing the thread into the eye rº. The spring, or the piece of elastic may be
variously arranged.
In the special arrangement shown in full lines in Fig. 6, a piece of elastic t is
connected to, so as to act vertically upon, the lower end of the hook uº, which is
shown bent from a piece of wire, whilst the actual pivot of the hook u° is formed
by a sort of knife-edge of the shuttle-body, against which a bend of the hook is
drawn by the piece of elastic t.
If the lower end of the hook be provided with a pivot pin, somewhat as shown
at in dotted lines, a piece of elastic or a spring may with advantage also be
arranged horizontally somewhat as indicated in dotted lines at x'.
The tension-device herein described may also have combined with it a device for
automatically drawing or tightening up the portion of the weft-thread situate
during weaving between the shuttle and the woven material.
In the example illustrated of a device of this kind (which may, however, be
dispensed with in shuttles provided with the tension-plates or discs fierein described),
the welt-thread is drawn between the tension device and an outlet opening or outlet
eye e in the shuttle, through wire eyes. fixed to and within the shuttle body, and
also through eyes or equivalent bent portions of an arm g which has a tendency to

page_text: move away
from the fixed eyes finto the position shown in full lines in Figs. 1, 2, 4,
and 5; this tendency being imparted to the lever g by means of a spring 7 (Figs. 1
& 2), acting upon the pivot h of the arm g, or by means of a piece of elastic cord 1º,
(Figs. 4 and 5) attached to the arm g itself.
The braking-action exerted upon the weft-thread's by the hereinbefore described
tension-device is strong enough to overcome the force of the spring 1 or of the
piece of elastic to, and thus by means of the tightened thread to pull the arm gup
to the fixed eyes f, that is to say, into. the position indicated in dotted lines 'in
Figs. 1 & 4. But as soon as the weft-thread-for instance in consequence of
the rebounding of the shuttle-becomes loose between the tension-device and the
material being woven, the arm g is able to move back under the action of the
spring or of the piece of elastic P, thereby tightening the weft-thread afresh.
In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 & 2, the pivot h of the arm 9 is supported
at the top in a suitably located socket w, and is carried at its lower end in a
rotatable stud or pio i to which one end of the spring is fixed, the other end of
the spring. being fixed to the pivot h or to the arm g itself. The arm g may,
however, be supported at the top in any other suitable manner. The stud is formed
at its lower and accessible end, to facilitate its rotation, with a slot for the insertion of a
screw-driver or the like. By suitably rotating the stud i, the tension of the spring
can be adjusted as desired in such a manner as to ensure the proper operation of 1
the device.
To prevent any accidental rotation of the stud by the reaction of the spring 1,
it is locked by any suitable means such as a screw the head of which can be
caused to bear against a head on the stud i.
In the arrangement shown in Figs. 4 & 5, in which the pivot h of the arm g may
be supported in any suitable manner, one end of the india rubber cord attached
to the arm g is wound round an adjustable stud 10 and is fixed thereto, so that by
rotating.the.stud 0, which may be an ordinary screw, the said cord can be wound
up or let off and thereby its tension increased or diminished so as to regulate the
action of the arm g.
"Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is:
1. In. a loom-shuttle, a tension-device for the threads proceeding from the
shuttle-bobbin, consisting of two movable discs (b) (Figs. 1, 2 and 1^), or
plates (60) (Figs. 4, 5 & 7), which are situate opposite each other and of which
both discs or plates, or only one disc or plate, receive or receives an elastic pressure
-for example--from springs (a) (Figs. 1 & 7) or elastic discs or washers (aº)
(Fig. 1), the force of which or of one of which can be regulated-for example
by means of one or more screws (c), which, with one of its or their faces forms or
form the back support or supports for one or both of the springs (a) or discs (aº)—
substantially as described.
2. In a loom-shuttle, the combination of a stationary eye (f) on the thread-way
between a tension-device and the outlet opening or eye (e) for the weft-thread (s)
and an opposite or adjacent arm (g), which is situate on the way of the weft-
thread between the stationary eye (f) and the outlet-eye (e) and is provided with
a thread-guiding device, the said arm (g) being under the influence of a metal
spring (1) (Figs. 1 & 2) or an india rubber cord (°) (Figs. 4 & 5), the arrangement
being such that the arm (g) will be drawn towards the stationary eye (f) by the
pull of the weft-thread (s) passing through the eye (e) acting in conjunction with
the tension-device, but that when the weft-thread becomes loose the said arms (9)
will be turned back, by its spring (1) or india rubber cord (P) so as again to tighten
the weft-thread, substantially as described.
3. In a loom-shuttle, providing the arm (g) referred to in Claim 2 with a pivot h,
mounted with one of its ends in a rotatable bolt (i) to which one of the ends of the
spring of the said arm (g) is fastened, the other end of the said. spring being

page_text: connected with the pivot (h) or the arm (g), so that the action of the spring can
be regulated by turning the bolt (i), substantially as described.
4. In a loom-shuttle, a combined eye and hook (ru) or ( uº), situate between
the shuttle-bobbin and a tension-device for guiding the weft-thread (s), and
comprising a hook (u) or (u°) adapted to allow the weft-thread (s) to be slipped
into the eye ( or 0) but serving to prevent the said thread from passing
accidentally out of the eye, substantially as described.
5. In a loom-shuttle, a combined eye and hook (0 u°) of the kind specified in.
Claim 4, in which the hook (u°) is movable in its entirety and is connected with
india rubber-cord such as t, or a spring, such as ¹, through the action of which.
the hook closes the inlet of the eye (0), substantially as described.
Dated this 14th day of November 1895.
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.