IM- PROVEMENTS IN TROUGH WATERCLOSETS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Crocker Cross, of Dewsbury, in the West Riding
of the County of York, Engineer and Surveyor, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN TROUGH WATERCLOSETS."
ealed the 10th December 1878, and dated the 11th June 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Crocker Cross at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th June 1878.
BENJAMIN CROCKER CROSS, of Dewsbury, in the West Riding of the County of
York, Engineer and Surveyor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TROUGH WATERCLOSETS."
I have a trough or basin, made of any suitable material and of any suitable
configuration, at one end of which is the outlet pipe. Loosely attached to this
outlet pipe is one end of a siphon, the other end of which is loosely attached to tho
drain or discharge pipe. The siphon is thus constructed like a hinge, and is conse-
quently so, that when it is in a vertical position, none of the contents of the trough
will pass into the discharge pipe; and on the contrary, when it is in a horizontal
position, the whole of the contents of the trough will pass into the discharge pipe.
At the top of the siphon there is an eye to which a length or lengths of chain or
cord is attached, so that a length shall be on either side; on the end of one of these
chains or cord a weight is attached, and on the end of the other chain or cord a
receptacle for water is attached. Each of these chains or cords pass over a stationery
wheel, the upper surface of one wheel being nearly on a level with the apex of the
siphon, and the upper surface of the other wheel being nearly on a level with the
bottom of the siphon.
The pipe which supplies the water to the closet is either connected directly to the
main, or to a service cistern; in either case it has a tap and a cock affixed to it;
the tap discharges into the receptacle, and the ball-cock discharges into the trough
or basin.
The action consequently is as follows:-The tap discharging into the receptacle is
constantly running at any required rate, so as to regulate the time between each

page_text: discharge of the contents of the trough. When the receptacle is nearly filled the
weight is so much increased that it more than counterbalances the weight at the
other side of the syphon, thereby causing the siphon to assume a horizontal posi-
tion; by the falling of this receptacle a valve is opened therein, which allows the
water in the receptacle to gradually run off. When it has nearly emptied itself the
weight on the other side of the siphon comes into play, and the siphon again returns
to its vertical position. The ball-cock naturally begins to discharge directly the
siphon lose its vertical position, and a flush of the trough or basin is thereby effected
each time the discharge takes place.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Benjamin Crocker Cross in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th
December 1878.
BENJAMIN CROCKER CROSS, of Dewsbury, in the West Riding of the County of
York, Engineer and Surveyor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TROUGH WATERCLOSETS."
The object of my Invention is to allow the contents of a trough, basin, or other
receptacle for liquid matter which requires periodical emptyings, to pass off from
the said trough, basin, or receptacle, automatically and at any required intervals of
time between each emptying. This more particularly applies to waterclosets, gene-
rally known as trough waterclosets, but may be applied in any case where the
contents of any trough, basin, or other receptacle for liquid matter may be required
to be drawn or let off periodically, as the same principle will hold good for whichever
of these purposes the apparatus is required.
I will now explain what such apparatus consists of, and how such apparatus works,
as applied to a trough watercloset.
I have a trough or troughs made of fire-clay or other suitable material, and of
any suitable configuration, so constructed and laid that the bottom of same slopes to
one end, where the outlet pipe is situated; attached to this outlet pipe is the appa-
ratus, which consists of the following parts -The stand a, attached to which is a
standard b, with a pulley or wheel on top of same; the syphon pipe c; the inlet to
syphon e; the outlet to syphon f; the weight g; the receptacle for water h; the
supply pipe to receptacle i; the chains or cords k; the inlet hinge ; and the outlet
hinge m. The syphon is attached to the inlet and outlet m hinge, so that it is
moveable; thus, when it is in a vertical position, none of the contents of the trough
will flow out; and on the contrary, when it is in a horizontal position, the whole of
the contents of the trough will flow out.
The working of the apparatus is as follows:-The supply pipe i to receptacle m
is always discharging, but this discharge is regulated according to the periods of
time required between each emptying of the trough; when the receptacle h gets
nearly filled, it acts as a lever, and more than counterbalances the weight g, so that

page_text: the syphon c falls to a horizonal position, when, as before stated, the whole of the
contents of the trough passes off through it. Directly the receptacle h falls it
commences to empty itself, and this emptying is regulated so that the syphon c may
remain in a horizontal position for any required length of time, such as may be
required for flushing the trough; when the receptacle has nearly emptied itself,
the weight g comes into play, and returns the syphon c to its vertical position. In
the trough is fixed a ball tap, which regulates the height of the water in the trough;
it will be evident that directly the syphon c falls, and the contents of the trough
begin to flow out, the ball also falls, and flushing of the trough at once commences.
The ball tap continues running even after the syphon c has assumed its vertical
position, but is stopped when the water rises to the regulated height.
The various parts of this Invention may be constructed of cast or wrought iron,
either plain or galvanized, lead, brass, fire-clay, or other suitable materials.
Having now fully described the nature of my Invention, I wish it to be under-
stood that I do not bind myself to the exact details or arrangement thereof shown
in the accompanying Drawings, as these may possibly be modified or rearranged
without in any way interfering with the general principles of the Invention, but
that what I lay claim to as being part and parcel of my Invention is,―
Firstly. The arrangement of a hinged moveable syphon as the means of a draw-
off for troughs, basins, or other receptacles for liquid matter, but more especially as
applied to waterclosets.
Secondly. The automatic working of the same, as before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Crocker Cross, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
זממ
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