Improvements in Type Writing Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Apr, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 24th May, 1889-Accepted, 13th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by FREDERICK DENISON TAYLOR and JOSEPH ADIE
WHITE, both of Sigowiney Street, Hartford, Connecticut, United States of
America, Manufacturers.]
Improvements in Type Writing Machines.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake and Co. Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows :-
This invention has for its object the production of a simple, cheap, useful and easily
operated typo-writer, and the said invention consists of a type-writer constructed and
arranged for operation, all substantially as hereinafter described.
The machine comprises a bed frame preferably made of metal on which the various
parts are supported and carriod: a type wheel pivoted to an upright portion of a
support secured to the bed frame by screws and having secured thereto a bevel gear
wheel arranged to engage with a horizontal segmental gear below it pivoted to the
base of the upright by a screw and having an arm or lever secured thereto by a screw
and projecting horizontally therefrom to the front of the machine and having a finger
piece for operating the same.
This type wheel is circular in outline and is made in two parts, or discs, or plates
secured together by screws, or in any suitable manner, screwing preferably through
one part into the other.
The types are preferably made of India-rubber and each is secured on the outward
face of a separate radial spring finger of the part or plate made by sawing through
the thickness of the plate from the circumference radially, toward the centre; the
one plate is thicker than the other so as to be rigid and has radial open slots through
its thickness, extending from the circumference a short distance toward the centre,
corresponding to the number of spring fingers of the said plate and the two parts
are secured together so that the fingers with their respective type will be over, or
against, or opposite to the radial openings of the plate.
An arm is provided having its lower end forked so as to extend each side of the
upright, and outside of the bevel gear and pivoted by its forked ends to lugs of
the base of the upright: This arm extends up and then back substantially hori-
zontal its end passing freely through a vertical slot or opening in the upper ond of
the upright which slot or opening serves as a guide to the end of the arm in its
movements, and is in such a position relatively to the guiding slots in the plate or
part of the type wheel, as the wheel is turned, that each will in turn pass back of it
and in the same horizontal plane, and if the wheel is held with one of its slots opposite
to or in line with the guiding slot, the end of the arm, if the arm is then swung
on its pivot, will move through such opening and strike against the back of the
corresponding finger piece and force it forward for the purpose of printing with its
type as will be described.
A horizontal lever is provided and arranged to swing vertically on a pivot its outer
end being bent at right angles and extending round the end of the frame the other
end extends in front of the type wheel and is arranged to bear against the inclined
edge of a downwardly extending arm of another arm.
A spring is secured to a lug of the bed and bears by its free end against the under
side of the bent portion of the lever to keep said lever in the proper position and to
return it to such position when not otherwise acted upon.
The paper feed roll is made of a rod covered with India-rubber or any suitable
material and arranged to turn in bearings in each upright of a frame or carriage and

page_text: prevented from longitudinal movement by a pin of the upright, projecting into the
circumferential groove in the rod the feed roll having a milled head for turning the
same by hand.
Flat springs are secured to the top of the carriage, one at each end, and one in
the middle and bent up and projecting forward and bearing by their free ends upon
the front side of the feed roll, which serve to hold the paper against and in contact
with the feed roll for the proper feed of the paper between the two and also to hold
the feed roll in its bearings.
A wire extends across the carriage above the feed roll and is bent at right angles
at each end and has an eye in each end through which passes a screw by which
it is secured to the outside of each upright of the carriage and on which it can
swing.
Before inserting the paper sheet this arm is preferably swung back and after the
paper is inserted between the feed roll and the springs and moved up sufficiently,
the wire is swung over the paper into its other position which serves to keep the
paper and guide it back out of the way of the type wheel and its operation.
A rail is provided which is made integral with the uprights of the carriage and
extends from one to the other and has a straight or plain face or surface opposite
to or in the same horizontal line with the end of the arm and against which the
paper which is to be printed upon in the machine bears.
The carriage is made substantially of a straight bar of metal having a longitudinal
groove on its under side and a longitudinal groove on each side, all of which extend
from end to end, and when the carriage is put in place on the machine, the under
groove runs over friction rollers arranged to turn horizontally on part of the frame
and the two side grooves upon friction rollers arranged to turn vertically on part of
the frame so that the carriage can be moved back and forth, to the left or right, on the
friction rollers, freely and with the smallest amount of friction: the centre friction
rollers guiding the carriage laterally and the side friction rolls horizontally.
On the front of the carriage is a horizontal bar having ratchet teeth on its under
edge with which is arranged to engage a pawl by its V shaped end pivoted to the end
of an arm pivoted to the frame having a notch in its edge in which lays and engages
a pin of the end of a horizontal lever which extends through a portion of the frame,
to the left beyond the machine and pivoted to such portion.
Another lever is arranged at the side of the lever pivoted at one end and extending
a short distance to the left beyond the lever and having a bent arm extending over
the upper edge and down by the side of the lever.
A spiral spring secured to the arm returns it with the pawl to its normal position
and a spiral spring secured to the end of the pawl and to the frame by its tension
holds the pawl to its engagement with the ratchet bar.
A horizontal index plate is arranged above the bed plate and secured thereto at
points in any suitable manner, the index being in the arc of a circle of which the
pivot of the operating arm is the centre.
This index plate has printed thereon, two sets of alphabets, one of capitals, which is
at the left of the centre and one of small letters at the right and also figures, fractions,
punctuation marks, and the like interspersed as most convenient for use.
The types or characters on the wheel correspond with this index and are so placed
upon the wheel that when the operating arm is placed over a mark on the edge of the
plate and thus over the letter or character in line with such mark, the corresponding
letter or character on the type wheel will be opposite to and back of the slot or
opening in the upright so that if the machine is then operated as will be herein-
after described such letter would be printed upon a paper if placed in proper position
therefor.
A bell is secured to the back part of the frame and has a hammer, which hammer
is at the end of an arm extending up and to the left and having a portion made
of spring wire its rear end bent upward and inserted in a socket in the part of
the frame pins secured to the part each side of the wire near its end preventing
sidowise movement of the same.

page_text: The hammer arm extends up through, and projects above an elongated slot or
opening in the part of the frame, its upper edge being inclined longitudinally and
this portion is in the line of travel of the pin which projects downward from the
under side of the carriage, and when the carriage is moved along its guide way, to
the left, this pin comes over and bears upon the inclined. edge of the hammer arm,
and as it continues to move it depresses such arm against the spring of its wire
portion and when it reaches and passes by the extreme end the hammer, springs back
and strikes and sounds the bell announcing the limit of the movement of the carriage:
to prevent the hammer striking the bell when the carriage moves the other way or to
the right, as the pin comes to this portion of the hammer, a bevel side. of it bears
upon the bevelled side of a notch in such portion and presses the arm to one side,
without depressing it, the spring wire allowing such movement sideways, and when
the pin has passed by the arm, the arm returns to its normal position.
Secured to the upright by screws is a plate of thin metal which extends over the
edge of the type wheel and is then bent down the side of the wheel in front of
the type in two portions and leaving a space between them opposite the slot or
opening sufficient for it not to interfere with the printing of the type by the arm.
On the inner face of each of these portions is a piece of felt or similar soft
material on the outer surface of which is placed the ink for the type and as the
type wheel is turned back and forth in operating the machine the faces of the
typo rub over the surface of these felts and are thus properly kept inked.
If the ink becomes dry or used up, more ink can be placed thereon by turning
up the plate and inking the pads, and then turning them down in proper place
again, the thinness of the plate allowing for such.
The operation of the machine is as follows: the sheet of paper to be printed is
placed by its edge from the back of the machine up between the springs and feed
roll, and the feed roll is turned to the right, which carries the paper up and in
front of the face or surfaces of the bar.
When moved up sufficiently, move the operating lever over the index plate until
it is over the mark in front of the letter or character on the index plate desired
to be printed, which correspondingly moves the type wheel through the bevel gear
wheel connection until the same letter on it is beyond or in line with or back of
the opening or slot in the upright.
Now press down the lever marked "print" sharply which will raise its other
end and its cross bar pin will travel up the notch and its bevel, and above it, on
to the straight part of the arm which moves or swings the said arm on its pivot
to the left and correspondingly the pawl, pivoted thereto and by the engagement of
the pawl with a tooth in the carriage bar, the carriage with the paper will be
moved to the left the distance of the movement of the pawl.
After the carriage has moved as described, in the continued movement of the
lover it strikes against the bent arm of the lever, and pressing it down corre-
spondingly raises its other end, which bearing against the inclined edge of the arm
of the striking arm, as it continues to rise, swings the said.arm on its pivot, its
end passing through the slot, in the part of the type wheel opposite to the type
finger of the corresponding letter or character over which the operating arm is,
and striking such finger causes its type to bear and if properly inked, to print
the letter or the character, on the paper against. the face or the surface of the bar
which serves as a bed for the same.
Releasing the lever the hammer by the action of a spring secured to it and its base
returns to its normal position and the pawl back into position to engage when moved
forward again with the next tooth in the bar.
Having printed a word and wishing to have more space between such word and
the next one to be printed, press down the lever which by its overhanging portion
carries down with it the lever operating the pawl and moving the carriage with
the paper as before, but before the lever is forced down sufficiently to move the
lever to operate the printing arm it strikes against a stop of the lug preventing

page_text: any farther downward movement, so that the printing arm will not be operated;
releasing this lever to continue the printing, move the operating arm, to the letter
or character desired and operate the lever as before.
When desirous of moving the paper to present a new surface of the paper to the
type turn the feed roll to the right the desired distance.
To make the distance uniform between the lines of printing the following means
are used; a portion of the head by which the feed roller is operated, is divided equally,
in two lines on its circumference the divisions being indicated by notches, the
notches on
one line being of a larger number or less distance apart, than the
notches on the other line; a spring secured by one end to the carriage frame and
having a projection or bent portion, is adapted to bear and rest in the notches,
and hold the feed roll in any desired position, the spring however yielding, from such
connection as the feed roll is turned to feed the paper, so that by these notches with
the spring catch the lines of printing will be equi-distant; the spring can easily be
changed from one line of notches to the other as desired to change the distance
between the lines of printing.
The carriage has two sockets one near the left end of the machine and one near the
middle in the same longitudinal line, into either one of which a pin can be inserted
and removed at pleasure, and when in place it is in line with another pin secured in
the portion of the bed and against which pin, when the carriage is moved to the left
the former pin will abut which stops the carriage from farther movement in such
direction.
The socket for the pin at the end of the carriage is the limit of the movement of the
carriage to the right, while the socket near the middle is for temporary use and in
lieu of this being located as described it can be at any other place and if desired a
more or less number of such sockets can be made at various points on the carriage so
that the carriage can be arranged to be stopped at any desired point.
The pawl has an arm which projects forward and through an opening in the frame
and has a ball on its end, the lifting up of which releases the pawl from its engagement
with the ratchet teeth, of the carriage bar, so that, then, the carriage can be moved
back to the right at any time, and releasing the arm the pawl will engage again with
the ratchet teeth for operation on the carriage by the lever as before.
According to another modification a pawl operating parts only engages with the
carriage ratchet teeth, when operated by the lever to move the carriage, so that
except when the pawl is operated by the lever the carriage is free to be moved
back or forwards as desired and this is accomplished as follows:-On the frame
part is an inclined plane in the present instance made of a piece secured to the
frame by a screw and bent to form the incline against which, as the pawl moves
backward into position to again engage with the ratchet teeth, its rear end will
strike and riding up the same in the final part of its backward movement corre-
spondingly depress the other end, and thus move it clear and free of the ratchet
teeth of the carriage so that then the carriage can be moved back and forth by hand
as desired.
The arm abuts against the edge of the opening to arrest the backward movement of
the pawl, and in this case as there is no need of using the arm to release the pawl, it
can be cut off so as not to project beyond the frame.
The swinging arm for guiding the paper back in lieu of being made of wire is made
of a flat strip of metal bent at the ends and secured by screws in the same manner,
and on the face of the straight part, is printed a scale divided into equal parts from
1 to 65 and secured to the upright is an index pointer in front of this scale by which
the carriage can be set as desired, to print any desired line or space as is obvious.
The openings or slots in the plate and of the type wheel on the side nearest the
striking arm are cut away or bevelled at their edges, so that as the arm or hammer
is forced forward, if the type wheel should not be in such position for its slot or opening,
opposite the letter or character to be printed, to be exactly in line with the guiding
slot of the upright the end of the hammer striking against the incline on either side

page_text: of the opening, as the case might be, would cause the wheel to correspondingly move so
that the end of the arm would enter the slot and strike the type finger opposite thereto
and cause its type to print.
The segmental gear wheel, is of such a diameter in relation to the diameter of the
type wheel gear, that a complete revolution will be made of the gear wheel and its
type wheel with one movement of the segmental gear wheel, that is, with the move-
ment of its operating arm, from the character "f" at the right, to the semicolon, at
the left, on the index or vice versa.
The type spring fingers, can be made separate from the disc or plate, and attached
thereto in any suitable manner, but it is preferable to make them integral with and as
a part of said plate, being a simple and cheap way of manufacturing the same; also the
slots or openings, can be made in the plate or disc in other ways than as described, for
instance within and not extending to the edge of the plate, but as described is pre-
ferable as they can be prepared quickly and oasily by simply sawing in from the edge;
also the disc or plate, can be dispensed with, the slot in the upright alone serving as a
guide, but it is preferable to use the guide plate, as it not only ensures the type fingors
being in the proper place for the printing arm but protects them from injury.
Means are provided for locking the carriage while the type is printing so that the
carriage will be held at such time firm and immovable in either direction.
A stop or shoulder is secured to the underside of the part of the frame by a screw
passing through an elongated slot in its arm by which it can be moved to the right or
left, and then secured from movement by tightening up the screw.
This stop as an inclined face and it is so adjusted in its position on the frame that
when the pawl through the operation of the lever has moved its full distance to the
left and the carriage with it, it will then bear closely and firmly by its inclined face
upon the incline face of the stop and be wedged as it were between the same and the
ratchet tooth with, which it is engaged, which will hold the carriage firmly in such
position, preventing any movement of it in either direction, to the right or left so long
as the printing lever is held down ; when the printing lever is released the pawl will
move out of such engagement, back into its normal position ready for another operation
on the carriage as before.
Such an arrangement locks the carriage as before stated, and prevents, while the
type is printing, any movement whatever of the carriage, which is an important
advantage over other type writing machines now in use.
To prevent the lever arm, striking or pressing the type too hard upon the paper
the upright, has a stop or abutment, in position for the upright portion of the arm
to strike against and stop its movement, and to regulate and adjust the length of
movement the stop is made of a screw, the turning in or out of which will secure
such result.
In lieu of the type being made of India-rubber, they can be made of metal or
other suitable material.
In lieu of making the stop for holding the pawl to its engagement with the carriage
ratchet teeth inclined, it can be changed as desired, as it might be parallel with the
teeth and the pawl slide in between the same and the teeth, and it can be made
in any suitable way to lock or hold the pawl to its engagement with the ratchet
tooth.
As desired any number of springs can be arranged to bear against the feed roll.
If the arm, is placed over a letter at the right of the central line, the letter
printed, by such set of the type wheel will be a small letter, and if the arm is
placed over a letter at the left of the central line, such letter will be printed as a
capital letter by the type wheel, so that to print on the paper, small letters, the
arm, should be placed over the letters at the central line or at the right of it and
to print capitals, the arm should be placed over the letters at the left of the central
line, but the index plate is printed or stamped with letters in the same form its
whole length in order to present a large and clean letter for the quicker reading of
the same by the person using the machine.

page_text: The operating arm, is preferably made thin and of spring metal so that although
when in its normal position its finger end will be above or off the index plate it
can easily bear thereon when using from a slight pressure of the finger.
Dated this 11th day of Anil 1880
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co. Patent Agents,
45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object the production of a simple, cheap, useful and easily
operated type-writer, and the said invention consists of a type-writer constructed and
arranged for operation, all substantially as hereinafter described.
Referring to the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 represents the improved type-writer in plan.
Figure 2 is a front view.
Figure 3, is a vertical cross section on line 3, 3, of Figure 1, with some of the parts
removed.
Figure 4, is an end view.
Figure 5, is a central vertical section from front to rear on line 5, 5 of
Figure 1.
Figure 6 is a vertical cross section on line 3, 3 of Figure 1, showing some changes
in the parts.
Figure 7, is a view of some of the operating parts shown in Figure 6.
Figure 8 is an end or side view of Figure 6.
Figure 9, is a cross section on the line 9, 9 of Figure 6.
Figure 10, is a vertical sectional view on line 10, 10 of Figure 2, with the parts
reversed.
Figure 11 is a vertical section.
Figure 12, is a perspective view of one of the parts.
Figure 13 is a detail view of the bell hammer and parts in connection therewith.
Figure 14 is a rear view of the type wheel.
Figure 15 is a vertical section on line 15-15 of Figure 3.
Figure 16 is a cross section of the type wheel.
Figure 17, is a front view of a portion of the type wheel showing the location of
the ink pads.
Figures 18 and 19 show a section and side view of details.
In the drawings A represents a bed frame preferably made of metal on which the
various parts of the machine are supported and carried; B is the type wheel pivoted
at a to the upright portion C of a support D secured to the bed frame A, by screws b,
and having secured thereto a bevel gear wheel E, arranged to engage with a
horizontal segmental gear F below it pivoted to the base D of the upright by a
screw c, and having an arm or lever G, secured thereto by a screw d, and projecting
horizontally therefrom to the front of the machine and having a finger piece e for
operating the same.
This type wheel B is circular in outline and is made in two parts, or discs, or
plates Hand J secured together by screws, or in any suitable manner, screwing
preferably through the part H, into the part J.
The types fare preferably made of India-rubber and each is secured on the outward
face of a separate radial spring finger K, of the part or plato H, made by sawing
through the thickness of the plate from the circumference radially, toward the centre
as shown in detail in Figure 14; the plate J is thicker than the plate H, so as to be

page_text: rigid and has radial open slots g through its thickness, extending from the circum-
ference a short distance towards the centre, corresponding to the number of spring
fingers K, of the said plate H, and the two parts H and J, are secured together so
that the fingers K with their respective type will be over, or against, or opposite to
the radial openings g, of the plate J.
An arm L is provided having its lower end forked so as to extend each side of the
upright C, and outside of the bevel gear E and pivoted by its forked ends h, to
lugs m, of the base D, of the upright. This arm extends up and then back sub-
stantially horizontal as shown in Figures 4 and 5, more particularly; its end n
passing freely through a vertical slot or opening r, in the upper end of the upright C,
which slot or opening r, serves as a guide to the end n, of the arm L, in its move-
ments, and is in such a position relatively to the guiding slots g, in the plate or part J,
of the type wheel, as the wheel is turned, that each will in turn pass back of it and in
the same horizontal plane, and if the wheel is held with one of its slots g, opposite to
or in line with the guiding slot r, the end of the arm, if the arm is then swung on its
pivot, will move through such opening and strike against the back of the corresponding
finger piece and force it forward for the purpose of printing with its type as will be
described.
M is a horizontal lever pivoted at t, and arranged to swing vertically thereon, its
outer end being bent at right angles and extending round the end of the frame as
shown more particularly in Figure 1; the other end extends in front of the type
wheel B and is arranged to bear against the inclined edge, of a downwardly
extending arm N, of the arm 1, as shown more particularly in detail section in
Figure 10; the view showing the parts reversed of the other views.
v is a spring secured to a lug w, of the bed and bears by its free end against
the under side of the bent portion of the lever M, to keep said lever in the
position shown in Figure 3, and to return it to such position when not otherwise
acted upon.
P is the paper feed roll made of a rod a covered with India-rubber, or any
suitable material and arranged to turn in bearings z, in each upright Q, of a
frame or carriage R, and prevented from longitudinal movement by a 'pin a¹, of
the upright, projecting into the circumferential groove b¹ in the rod ; the feed
roll having a milled head c¹ for turning the same by hand.
SS are flat springs secured to the top of the carriage, one at each end, and
one in the middle and bent up in the outline and projecting forward as shown in
Figure 5, and bearing by their free ends upon the front side of. the feed roll,
which serve to hold the paper against and in contact with the food roll for the
proper feed of the paper between the two and also to hold the feed roll in its bearings.
T is a wire extending across the carriage above the feed roll and is bent at right
angles at each end as shown in Figure 2, more particularly, and having an eye in each
end through which passes a scrow e¹ by which it is secured to the outside of each
upright Q, of the carriage, as shown in Figure 1, and on which it can swing into the
position shown in dotted lines in Figures 4 and 5.
Before inserting the paper sheet this arm is preferably swung back into the position
shown in the dotted line, and after the paper is inserted between the feed roll and tho
springs S and moved up sufficiently, the wire T, is swung over the paper into the
position shown in Figures 4 and 5, in section which serves to keep the paper and
guide it back out of the way of the type wheel and its operation.
U is a rail made integral with the uprights Q, of the carriage and extending from
one to the other and having a straight or plain face or surface f¹ opposite to or in the
same horizontal line with the end n, of the arm L, and against which the paper which
is to be printed in the machine bears and rests.
The carriage R is made substantially of a straight bar of metal having a longi-
tudinal groove g¹ on its under side and a longitudinal groove h¹ on each side, all of
which extend from end to end, and when the carriage is put in place on the machine,
the under groove g¹ runs over friction rollers m³, arranged to turn horizontally on the
part V of the frame and the two side grooves ¹ upon friction rollers r³ arranged to

page_text: turn vertically on the portion V, so that the carriage R can be moved back and forth,
to the left or right, on the friction rollers, freely and with the smallest amount of
friction; the centre friction rollers m¹ guiding the carriage laterally and the side.
friction rolls horizontally.
On the front of the carriage is a horizontal bar W, having ratchet teeth t¹, on its
under edge with which is arranged to engage a pawl Y. by its V-shaped end u¹ pivoted
at v to the end of an arm Z pivoted to the frame A, at wl having a notch a" in its..
edge in which lays and engages a pin 6 of the end of a horizontal lever A¹ which
extends through a portion c" of the frame, to the left beyond the machine and pivoted
at d to such portion as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
B¹ is another lever at the side of the lever A¹ pivoted at one end to pivot'd and
extending a short distance to the left beyond the lever A and having a bent arin ell.
extending over the upper edge and down by the side of the lever A as shown in the
Figures 1, 2, 3 and 15.
A spiral spring y₁ secured to the arm Z, returns it with the pawl to its normal
position and a spiral spring n¹, secured to the end of the pawl Y and to the
frame as shown in Figures 3 and..6 by its tension holds the pawl to its engage
ment with the ratchet bar.
:
C is a horizontal index plate above the bed plate and secured thereto at points
in any suitable manner, the index, being in the arc. of a circle of which the
pivot e, of the operating arm G is the centre, as shown in plan view Figure 1.
This index plate has printed thereon, two sets of alphabets, one D' of capitals,
which is at the left of the centre and one E of small. letters at the right and also
Figures, fractions, punctuation marks and the like interspersed as most convenient
for use.
The types or characters f, on the wheel B, correspond with this index and are
so placed upon the wheel that, when the operating arm G, is placed over a mark fl
on the edge of the plate and thus over the letter or character in line with such
mark, the corresponding letter or character on the type wheel will be opposite to
and back of the slot or opening r, in the upright C, so that if the machine is
then operated as will be hereinafter described such letter would be printed upon a
paper if placed in proper position therefor.
F is a bell secured, to the back part 9" of the frame and having a hammer G¹,
which hammer is at the end of an arm H extending up and to the left and
having a portion made of spring wire its rear end bent upward and inserted
in a socket m in the part V of the frame as shown in figure 3, pins ll secured
to the part each side of the wire near its end preventing sidewise movement of
the same.
"
The hammer arm H¹ extends up through and projects above an elongated slot
or opening in the part V of the frame, its upper edge at 1 being inclined
longitudinally as shown in Figure 11 and this portion is in the line of travel of
the pin w, which projects downward from the under side of the carriage, and
when the carriage is moved along its guide way, to the left, this pin comes over
and bears upon the inclined edge of the hammer arm, and as it continues to
move it depresses such arm against the spring of its wire portion and when it
reaches and passes by the extreme end the hammer springs back and strikes and
sounds the bell announcing the limit of the movement of the carriage; to prevent
the hammer striking the bell when the carriage moves the other way or to the right,
as the pin w¹¹ comes to this portion of the hammer, a bevel side y¹¹ of it bears upon the
bevelled side of a notch " in such portion and presses the arm to one side, without
depressing it, as shown in Figure 13, the spring wire allowing such movement side-
ways, and when the pin has passed by the arm, the arm returns to its normal
position.
Secured to the upright C by screws all is a plate J¹ of thin metal which extends
over the edge of the type wheel and is then bent down the side of the wheel in front
of the type in two portions ¹¹¹ and leaving a space between them opposite the slot or

page_text: opening sufficient, for it. not to interfere with the printing of the type by the
arm L..
On the inner face of each of these portions 61 is a piece of felt or similar
soft material on the outer surface of which is placed; the ink for the type, and as the
type wheel is turned back and forth in operating the machine the faces of the type rub
over the surface of these felts and are thus properly kept inked.
If the ink becomes dry or used up,.more ink can be placed thereon by turning up
the plate J' and inking the pads, and then turning them down in proper place again,
thinness of the plate allowing for such.
-
The operation of the machine is as follows:; the sheet of paper to be printed is
phiced by its edge from the back of the machine up between the springs S and feed
roll P, and the feed roll is turned to the right, which carries the paper up and in front
of the face or surfaces of the bar U.
When moved up sufficiently; move the operating lever G, over the index plate until
it is over the mark f" in front of the letter or character on the index plate desired to
be printed, which correspondingly moves the type wheel through the bevel gear wheel
connection until the same letter on it is behind or in line with or back of the opening
or slot, in the, upright C.
"
Now sharply, press down the lever A¹ marked "print" in Figure 1, which will raise,
its other end and its cross bar pin " will travel up the notch all and its bevel, and
above it, on to the straight part of the arm.Z, as shown in dotted lines in Figure 3,,
which moves or swings the said arm on its pivot to the left and, correspondingly the
pawl Y, pivoted thereto and by the engagement of the pawl with a tooth t¹ in the
carriage bar W, the carriage with the paper will be moved to the left the distance of
the movement of the pawl.
After the carriage has moved as described, in the continued movement of the.
lever A' it strikes against the bent arm of the lover MP,.and pressing it down corre-'
spondingly raises its other end, which bearing against the inclined edge u¹ of the,
arm N, of the striking arm L, as it continues to rise, swings the said arm on its
pivot, its end n, passing through the slot g, in the "part J, of the type wheel opposite
to the type finger K, of the corresponding letter or character over which the operating
arm is, and striking such finger causes its type to boar and if properly inked, to print
the letter or the character, on the paper against the face or the surface of the bar U,
which serves as a bed for the same.
Releasing the lever A¹ the hammer by the action of a spring 11 secured to it and
its base D returns to its normal position and the pawl Y back into position to engage
when moved forward again with the next tooth t¹ in the bar W.
Having printed a word and wishing to have more space between such word and
the next one to be printed, press down the lever B¹ which by its overhanging
portion el carries down with it the lever A¹ operating the pawl and moving the
carriage with the paper as before, but before the lever B¹ is forced down sufficiently
to move the lever A¹ to operate the printing arm L, it strikes against a stop e of
the lug w preventing any further downward movement, so that the printing arm L.
will not be operated; releasing this lever B₁ to continue the printing, move the'
operating arm G, to the letter or character desired and operate the lever A¹ as
before.
When desirous of moving the paper to present a new surface of the paper to the
type turn the feed roll to the right the desired distance.
are used
To make the distance uniform between the lines of printing the following means
a portion of the head c¹ by which the feed roller is operated, is divided
equally, in two lines on its circumference the divisions being indicated by
notches g, h, the notches g111 on one line being of a larger number or less distance
apart, than the notches on the other line; a spring m¹11 secured by one end to the
carriage frame and having a projection or bent portion, is adapted to bear and rest
in the notches, and hold the feed roll in any desired position, the spring however
yielding, from such connection as the feed roll is turned to feed the paper, so that
by these notches with the spring catch, the lines of printing will be equi-distant; the
B

page_text: spring can easily be changed from one line of notches to the other as desired to change
the distance between the lines of printing.
The carriage has two sockets one near the left end of the machine and one near
the middle in the same longitudinal line, into either one of which a pin L' can be
inserted and removed at pleasure, and when in place it is in line with a pin M'
secured in the portion V of the bed A, and against which pin M³, when the carriage
is moved to the left the pin L' will abut which stops the carriage from farther move-
ment in such direction, as shown in Figure 18, in detail.
The socket for the pin at the end of the carriage is the limit of the movement of
the carriage to the right, while the socket near the middle is for temporary use and in
lieu of this being located at the place shown, it can be at any other place and if
desired a more or less number of such sockets can be made at various points on
the carriage so that the carriage can be arranged to be stopped at any desired
point.
The pawl Y, has an arm N' which projects forward and through an opening in
the frame and has a ball on its end, the lifting up of which releases the pawl
from its engagement with the ratchet teeth, of the carriage bar, so that, then, the
carriage can be moved back to the right at any time, and releasing the arm
the pawl will engage again with the ratchet teeth for operation on the carriage by
the lever as before.
In Figure 7 is shown a pawl and connecting operating parts which only engages
with the carriage ratchet teeth t¹, when operated by the lever to move the carriage,
so that except when the pawl is operated by the lever A¹ the carriage is free to be
moved back or forward as desired, and this is accomplished as follows; on the
frame part is an inclined plane Q1 in the present instance made of a piece R
secured to the frame by a screw and bent to form the incline against which, as the
pawl moves backward into position to again engage with the ratchet teeth, its rear
end will strike and riding up the same in the final part of its backward move-
'ment correspondingly depress the other end and thus move it clear and free of the
ratchet teeth of the carriage so that then the carriage can be moved back and
forth by hand as desired.
The arm N' abuts against the edge of the opening P¹ to arrest the back-
ward movement of the pawl, and in this case as there is no need of using the arm
to release the pawl, it can be cut off so as to not project beyond the frame.
In figures 6 and 8 the swinging arm T for guiding the paper back in lieu of
being made of wire is made of a flat strip of metal bent at the ends and secured by
screws in the same manner, and on the face of the straight part, is printed a
scale divided into equal parts from 1 to 65 and secured to the upright C is an index
pointer T in front of this scale as shown in said figures by which the carriage can be
set as desired, to print any desired line or space as is obvious.
The openings or slots g in the plate J and of the type wheel on the side nearest
the striking arm I. are cut away or bevelled at their edges as shown in detail cross
section in figure 16 at 0, so that as the arm or hammer is forced forward, if the
type wheel should not be in such position for its slot or opening, opposite the letter
or character to be printed, to be exactly in line with the guiding slot r of the upright C,
the end of the hammer striking against the incline on either side of the opening, as
the case might be, would cause the wheel to correspondingly, move so that the end of
the arm would enter the slot and strike the type finger opposite thereto and cause its
type to print.
The segmental gear wheel F, is of such a diameter in relation to the diameter of
the type wheel gear E, that a complete revolution will be made of the gear wheel E
and its type wheel S with one movement of the segmental gear wheel, that is, with
the movement of its operating arm G, from the character "£" at the right, to the
semicolon, at the left on the index or vice versa.
The type spring fingers K can be made separate from the disc or plate H, and
attached thereto in any suitable manner, but it is preferable to make them integral
with and as a part of said plate, being a simple and cheap way of manufacturing the

page_text: same; also the slots or openings g, can be made in the plate or disc J in other ways
than as described, for instance within and not extending to the edge of the plate, but
as described is preferable as they can be prepared quickly and easily by simply sawing
in from the edge; also the disc or plate J, can be dispensed with, the slot r in the
upright alone serving as a guide, but it is preferable to use the guide plate, as it not
only ensures the type fingers being in the proper place for the printing arm but
protects them from injury.
In figure 6 is shown means for locking the carriage while the type is printing
so that the carriage will be held at such time firm and immovable in either
direction.
In figures 6 and 7, U₁ is a stop or shoulder secured to the under side of the part V
of the frame by a screw V₁ passing through an elongated slot W¹ in its arm by which
it can be moved to the right or left, and then secured from movement by tightening
up the screw.
This stop has an inclined face Y' and it is so adjusted in its position on the frame that
when the pawl through the operation of the lever Ai has moved its full distance to the
left and the carriage R with it, it will then bear closely and firmly by its inclined
face Z upon the incline face Y¹ of the stop and be wedged as it were between the
same and the ratchet tooth with which it is engaged, as shown in said figure, in
dotted lines, which will hold the carriage firmly in such position, preventing any
movement of it in either direction, to the right or left, so long as the printing lever A¹
is held down; when the printing lever is released the pawl will move out of such
engagement, back in to its normal position ready for another operation on the carriage
as before.
Such an arrangement locks the carriage as before stated, and prevents while the
type is printing, any movement whatever of the carriage, which is an important
advantage over other type writing machines now in use.
To prevent the lever arm L, striking or pressing the type too hard upon the paper,
the upright C, has a stop or abutment in position for the upright portion of the
arm to strike against and stop its movement, and to regulate and adjust the length
of movement the stop is made of a screw, the turning in or out of which will
secure such result.
In lieu of the type being made of India-rubber, they can be made of metal or
other suitable material.
In lieu of making the stop for holding the pawl Y, to its engagement with the
carriage ratchet teeth inclined, it can be changed as desired, as it might be parallel
with the teeth and the pawl slide in between the same and the teeth, and it can be
made in any suitable way to lock or hold the pawl to its engagement with the
ratchet tooth.
As desired
number of springs S can be arranged to bear against the feed roll.
If the arm
is placed over a letter at the right of the central line, the letter
printed, by such set of the type wheel will be a small letter, and if the arm is placed
over a letter at the left of the central line, such letter will be printed as a capital
letter by the type-wheel, so that to print on the paper small letters, the arm G should
be placed over the letters at the central line or at the right of it, and to print capitals,
the arm should be placed over the letters at the left of the central line, but the
index plate is printed or stamped with letters in the same form its whole length
in order to present a large and clean letter for the quicker reading of the same by
the person using the machine.
The operating arm G is preferably made thin and of spring metal so that although
when in its normal position its finger end will be above or off the index plate it can
easily bear thereon when using from a slight pressure of the finger.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondents, I wish it understood that I claim :-
First. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a wheel carrying the type,

page_text: provided with a gear-wheel engaging with a gear-wheel or segment of a gear-wheel,
having an operating arm connected thereto and arranged to move back and forth
over an index of letters or characters for the purpose specified.
Second. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a wheel carrying the type,
provided with a gear-wheel, engaging with a gear-wheel or segment of a gear-wheel,
having an operating arm connected thereto, an arm for operation on the type
of the type-wheel, a guide way and means for operating said arm for the purpose
specified.
Third. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a wheel carrying the type,
provided with a gear wheel, engaging with a gear wheel or segment of a gear wheel,
having an operating arm connected thereto, a pivoted arm for operation on the
type of the type wheel, a guide way for said arm, and said arm adapted to be operated,
by a lever for the purpose specified.
Fourth. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a wheel carrying the type,
provided with a gear wheel, engaging with a gear wheel, or segment of a gear wheel,
having an operating arm connected thereto, a pivoted arm for operation on the type
of the type wheel, a guide-way for said arm and said arm having an operating
arm N having an inclined edge for operation thereof by a lever for the purpose
specified.
Fifth. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a wheel carrying the type,
provided with means for operating the same a pivoted arm L, for operation on the
type of the type wheel, a guide way for said arm and levers A³ and M', for operation
on said arm for the purpose specified.
Sixth. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a wheel carrying the type
provided with means for operating the same, a pivoted arm L, for operation on the.
type of the type wheel, a guide way for said arm, and levers A' and M connected
to mechanism to operate the carriage, carrying the paper sheet, feed roll, &c. for the
purpose specified.
Seventh. In a type writing machine, the combination with a wheel carrying the
type, provided with means for operating the same, a pivoted arm L, for operation on
the type of the type wheels a guide way for said armi, levers A' and M' and connected
by a swinging arm Z, to a pivoted pawl Y adapted to engage with the ratchet teeth t¹
of the carriage, carrying the paper sheet, for the purpose specified.
Eighth. In a type-writing machine, a type wheel composed of a disc or plate
having radial spring fingers K, each one having on its face projecting laterally there-
from, a letter or character for the purpose specified.
Ninth. In a type-writing machine, a type-wheel composed of a plate or disc H,
having radial spring fingers K, each one having on its face and projecting laterally
therefrom a letter or character, a plate or disc J, secured to said plate H, provided
with radial openings or slots g, the slots being in line, opposite to or back of said
spring fingers for the purpose specified.
Tenth. In a type writing machine, a type wheel composed of a plate or disc H,
having radial spring fingers K, each having on its face and projecting laterally
therefrom a letter or character, a plate or disc J, secured to said plate H, provided
with radial openings or slots g, each having bevelled edges or sides the slots being
in line opposite to or back of said fingers for the purpose specified.
Eleventh. In a type writing machine, a type wheel composed of a plate or disc H,
having radial spring fingers K, each one having on its face and projecting laterally
therefrom a letter or character, a plate or disc J, secured to the plate H, provided
with radial openings or slots g, the slots being in line, opposite to or back of said
spring fingers, in combination with an arm L, arranged to pass through each of said
slots and strike a spring finger for the purpose specified.
Twelfth. In a type writing machine, a carriage for carrying the paper, and feed
roll, provided with a longitudinal groove on its bottom face and a longitudinal
groove on each side in combination with friction rollers properly arranged on
the supporting frame for said grooves to run over said rollers for the purpose
specified.

page_text: Thirteenth. In a type writing machine a carriage carrying the paper, feed roll, a
rail or bar for a rest for the paper when being printed, said carriage being arranged
to travel in suitable guide ways upon a support, and said support having a stop or
abutment M¹ in position for a stop or abutment L' on the carriage in its travel, to
abut or strike against it for the purpose specified.
Fourteenth. In a type writing machine, an index of letters or characters arranged
in the form of an arc of a circle, representing on one side of the centre, small letters,
and on the other side, capitals.
Fifteenth. In a type writing machine the combination with a carriage carrying the
paper, feed roll, and a bar or rail for a rest for the paper, when being printed, of a
bell F having a spring hammer G¹, its arm provided with an inclined edge e¹¹, and
located in position for a pin or projection on the carriage as the carriage moves
along its guideway to hear upon said inclined edge pressing said arm down, and
past the same, for the sounding of the bell by said spring hammer.
Sixteenth. In a type writing machine, the combination with a carriage carrying
the paper, feed roll, and a bar or rail for a rest for the paper, when being printed, a
bell F having a spring hammer provided with a notch 21 in its hammer arm and
located in position for a pin or projection to", on the carriage having a notch y", to
bear upon said hammer arm notch in the travel of the carriage and press said hammer
one side for the purpose specified.
Seventeenth. In a type writing machine in combination with a carriage for carrying
the paper, its feed roll and a bar or rail for a rest for the paper when being printed,
provided with ratchet teeth and arranged to travel in suitable guide ways on a
suitable support, of a pawl suitably connected to an operating lever and arranged to
engage with said ratchet teeth, and an inclined bearing surface Q¹ on the support
for the opposite end of said pawl to engage therewith for the purpose specified.
Eighteenth. In a type writing machine a carriage carrying the paper, feed roll, a
bar or rail for a rest for the paper being printed and a swinging bar T to guide the
paper.
Nineteenth. In a type writing machine, a carriage carrying the paper, feed roll,
a bar or rail for a rest for the paper being printed, and a bar or rail T, secured
thereto and provided with a scale or graduation for the purpose specified.
Twentieth. In a type writing machine, the combination with the carriage carrying
the paper, feed roll and a bar having ratchet teeth t¹ for engagement therewith of a
pawl Y to move said carriage, of means adapted to hold said pawl in engagement
with a ratchet tooth when acted upon by the operating lever.
Twenty-first. In a type writing machine the combination with the carriage carrying
the paper, feed roll, and a bar or rail having ratchet teeth for engagement therewith
of a pawl to move said carriage, of a stop or abutment having an inclined face Y'
secured to the frame or support in position for the pawl when engaged with a
ratchet tooth, to bear against, and be locked with said ratchet tooth when operated
upon by the operating lever.
Twenty-second. In a type writing machine a carriage carrying the paper, feed
roll, a rail or bar for a rest for the paper when heing printed, said carriage being
arranged to travel in suitable guide ways upon a support, and provided with a series
of holes or openings pl, for a stop or abutment to be inserted therein as desired
and said support having a stop or abutment M, in position for said stop or
abutinent on the carriage in its travel to abut or strike against it for the purpose
specified.
Dated this 24th dow of Mov 1880
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.