Improvements in the Manufacture of Metal Pipes, Cylinders, and like Metal Work.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 20th June, 1889-Accepted, 27th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Metal Pipes, Cylinders, and
like Metal Work.
We, FRANCIS EDWARD ELMORE, and ALEXANDER STANLEY ELMORE, both of
Armaside, Cockermouth in the County of Cumberland, Electro-Metallurgists do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object Improvements in the means of manufacturing
metal tubes and the like, by electrolytic action or by electrolytic action combined
with mechanical processes such for instance as is comprised in and set forth under the
specifications of Letters Patent No. 4499 dated 11th April 1885; and No. 8707 dated
18th July 1885; and No. 10,451 dated the 3rd Sept. 1885 granted to Francis Edward
Elmore; and in application for letters Patent No. 11,778 dated the 15th August 1888,
made by Alexander Stanley Elmore, and more particularly refers to those pipes
which are intended to be used to convey steam, gas, vapour or liquid at an elevated
temperature.
It is well known that steam of a certain pressure has a definite temperature, which
temperature rises with an increase of pressure.
It is also well known that when pipes made of copper (and of some other metals
and alloys) are made conductors or containers of steam, gas, vapour or liquid at an
elevated temperature, the copper (or other metal) undergoes some change in character
whereby its tenacity is reduced, and this loss of tenacity seems to increase more or
less with an increase of temperature, and it is more particularly to remedy or allay
this defect or disadvantage attendant on the use of articles made of copper (and
of some other metals and alloys) at an elevated temperature that this inventions
applies.
The Improvements consist in depositing said tubes or other metal work at a
temperature equal to that at which they are to be used or as near that temperature as
is practically obtainable. This may be done by making the electrolyte extremely
dense so as to allow it to be raised to a high temperature.
Or an electrolyte composed of a fused salt, such for instance as cupric chloride may
be employed or we may use an aqueous solution of the salt to be electrolyzed, and
submit said solution to a degree of pressure above that of the atmosphere for the
purpose of raising the boiling point of said solution.
Or we may use a solution composed of, or having in solution more than one salt, as
it is well known that when a solution is saturated with one salt it will usually take up
a further portion of some other salt, and this fact we take advantage of for the purpose
of raising the boiling point of said electrolyte ; as for instance, adding sulphate of
soda to an electrolyte of sulphate of copper.
Or we may use an electrolyte of a fused salt other than the salt to be electrolyzed,
said fused salt being used only as a solvent or flux for the salt that it is the primary
object to electrolyze.
D
101 1
1000
FRANCIS EDWARD ELMORE.
ALEXANDER STANLEY ELMORE.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Metal Pipes, Cylinders, and
like Metal Work.
"
We, FRANCIS EDWARD ELMORE and ALEXANDER STANLEY ELMORE, both of
Armaside," Cockermouth, in the County of Cumberland, Electro-Metallurgists
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
This invention has for its object Improvements in the means of manufacturing
metal tubes and the like, by electrolytic action, combined with mechanical processes
such for instance as is comprised in and set forth under the specifications of Letters
Patent No. 4499 dated 11th April 1885; and No. 8707 dated 18th July 1885; and
No. 10,451 dated the 3rd Sept. 1885, granted to Francis Edward Elmore; and in
Application for Letters Patent No. 11,778 dated the 15th August 1888, made by
Alexander Stanley Elmore and more particularly refers to those pipes which are
intended to be used to convey steam, gas, vapour or liquid at an elevated temperature.
It is well known that steam of a certain pressure has a definite temperature, which
temperature rises with an increase of pressure.
It is also well known that when pipes made of copper (and of some other metals
and alloys) are made conductors or containers of steam, gas, vapour or liquid at an
elevated temperature, the copper (or other metal) undergoes some change in character
whereby its tenacity is reduced, and this loss of tenacity seems to increase more or
less with an increase of temperature, and it is more particularly to remedy or allay
this defect or disadvantage attendant on the use of articles made of copper (and
of some other metals and alloys) at an elevated temperature that this invention
applies.
The improvements consist in depositing said tubes or other metal work at a
temperature equal to that at which they are to be used, or as near that temperature as
is practically obtainable. This may be done by making the electrolyte extremely dense
so as to allow it to be raised to a high temperature. The heat may be applied in any
convenient manner, such for instance as by steam passing through coils of pipe placed
in the tank containing the electrolyte, or the whole tank may be jacketed and
the steam may be superheated or not according to the temperature at which it is
intended to work the electrolyte.
Or an electrolyte composed of a fused salt, such for instance as cupric chloride may
be employed.
In the case of a fused salt being used where a higher temperature is required than
can conveniently be obtained by means of steam, we may place the tanks upon a flue
through which heated gases are passing, or they may be set directly over a fire but
we prefer to heat such tanks by means of a gas flame such for instance as that known
as producer gas, as by the use of gas for the purpose of heating, the temperature may
be regulated to exactly what is required.
Or we may use an aqueous solution of the salt to be electrolyzed and submit said
solution to a degree of pressure above that of the atmosphere, for the purpose of
raising the boiling point of said solution.
In the case of submitting the electrolyte to a pressure greater than that of the
atmosphere, it will be necessary to provide a cover with means of making a tight
joint with the receptacle containing the electrolyte, said receptacle and cover being:
provided with stuffing boxes or glands through which, by means of a spindle the
necessary motion may be imparted to the core, mould or mandrel acting
as cathode and to the mechanical device or devices as hereinbefore mentioned and
described in the several specifications referred to. Said solutions may be kept at the
desired temperature by any of the before mentioned means.
Where necessary the said pressure may be obtained by forcing air into the closed
tank by means of force pump as will be readily understood,

page_text: Or we may use a solution composed of or having in solution more than one salt, as
it is well known that when a solution is saturated with one salt it will usually take up
a further portion of some other salt and this fact we take advantage of for the purpose
of raising the boiling point of said electrolyte; as for instance adding sulphate of soda
to an electrolyte of sulphate of copper.
Or we may use an electrolyte composed of a fused salt other than the salt to be
electrolyzed, said fused salt being used only as a solvent or flux for the salt that it is
the primary object to electrolyze.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
The process of making pipes and like metal wares by means of electrolysis conducted
at an elevated temperature and simultaneously submitting the cathode to mechanical
treatment as and for the purpose set forth.
101 1
T
1000
FRANCIS EDWARD ELMORE.
ALEXANDER STANLEY ELMORE.
FRANCIS EDWARD ELMORE.
ALEXANDER STANLEY ELMORE.