Improvements in and relating to Bicycles and Tricycles.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Sept., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 7th July, 1890-4ccepted, 9th Aug.. 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Bicycles and Tricycles.
I, RICHARD KENT HARTLEY of Springwood House Chadderton near Oldham in the
County of Lancaster, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows
This Invention relates to bicycles and tricycles and it has for its object to enable
the hands as well as the feet to be employed in the propulsion of the vehicle.
In carrying out my Invention I employ the steering handles which are fixed upon
the opposite ends or a cranked or curved bar carried in ball or other suitable bearings
on the head of the machine so that they may be used for steering in the ordinary
manner and so also that the steering bar to which the handles are attached may be
rotated by means of the handles. On the handle bar there is mounted berween the
bearings, a friction or dog-tooth clutch and a loose chain wheel. The chain wheel is
arranged to be put into and out of gear with the clutch by any known and suitable
means. A chain wheel is also mounted so as to rotate co-axially with the leading
wheel of the machine, and this wheel is geared with the chain wheel on the handle bar
by means of an endless chain. The ordinary pedal driving devices are retained and
are employed in driving the machine in the usual manner; the hand driving being
intended as an addition to the pedal driving and not as a substitute except in the case
of an accident to the pedal driving mechanism.
It will be obvious that with this arrangement the rotation of the handle bar will
materially aid the propulsion of the vehicle, and that in the event of the foot driven
wheel or wheels over-running or lagging, the clutch will enable the hands still to
keep time with the feet.
Dated this 5th day of September A.D. 1889.
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Bicycles and Tricycles.
I, RICHARD KENT HARTLEY of Springwood House Chadderton near Oldham in the
County of Lancaster, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to bicycles and tricycles and it has for its object to enable
the hands as well as the feet to be employed in the propulsion of the vehicle.
In carrying out these Improvements, the steering handles are fixed upon the
opposite ends of a curved or cranked bar carried in ball or other suitable bearings
in the head of the machine. This bar is so constructed and arranged that it may be
used for steering in the ordinary manner, and so also that the cranked or curved
steering bar to which the handles are attached may be rotated by the hands. On
the steering bar there are arranged, (by preference between the bearings), a friction,
dog-tooth, or other suitable clutch or equivalent slip gear, and a chain wheel, toothed
pinion, or driving pulley. The chain wheel, pinion, or pulley is arranged to be put
out of gear with the clutch or slip gear or with the steering bar by any known and
suitable means. A chain wheel toothed pinion, or pulley is also mounted so as to
rotate co-axially with the leading wheel of the machine, and this wheel or pulley is
geared with the wheel or pulley on the steering bar by means of a pitch chain, a
Band or cord, or a shaft and intermediate gearing as the case may be. The ordinary.
n. 1

page_text: or any suitable pedal driving devices may be retained or employed for driving the
machine in the usual manner; the hand driving devices being employed as an addition
to the pedal driving and not as a substitute therefor, except in the case of an accident
to the pedal driving mechanism.
It will be obvious that with this arrangement the rotation of the steering bar will
materially aid the propulsion of the vehicle and that in the event of the foot driven
wheel or wheels over-running or lagging, the clutch or slip gear will still enable the
hands to keep time (if desired) with the feet. The clutch or slip gear is operated
by the rider to put the hand driving mechanism into and out of action as may be
desired.
I will proceed to more particularly describe my said Invention with reference to
the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 represents a bicycle in elevation ;
Figure 2 the same machine in plan;
Figure 3 a tricycle in plan;
Figure 4 a modification of the hand driving mechanism in elevation ;
Figure 5 a plan of Figure 4:
Figure 6 a longitudinal sectional view of the hand driving mechanism illustrated
by Figures 4 and 5;
Figure 7 an end view of Figure 6;
Figure 8 an elevation of the axle gearing of the arrangement shewn in Figures 4
and 5;
Figure 9 a longitudinal section of the axle gearing;
Figure 10 a transverse section of the clutch or slip-gear on the axle of the leading
wheel; and
Figure 10 a similar section and an elevation of the clutch or slip-gear of the
steering bar.
In each of the Figures in which the parts are represented, similar parts are indicated
by similar letters of reference.
A is the cranked or curved steering bar; B B are the handles thereon; C is the
clutch or slip-gear on the steering bar; D is the chain-wheel, toothed wheel or pulley
as the case may be, keyed or secured upon the steering bar; E is the corresponding
wheel or pulley on the axle of the leading wheel; F is the chain and F' is the shaft
by means of which the angular motion of the steering bar is transmitted to the axle
of the leading wheel; G is the neck of the machine; H is the saddle bar;
I I are
the cranks to which the pedals are attached; K is the head; L L are the bearings
on the head for the steering bar; M M are ball bearings; N is the clutch or slip-
gear mounted on the axle of the leading wheel; O is the ring of the slip-gear ;
PP are the balls or rollers of the same gear; and Q is the leading wheel.
In the arrangements illustrated by Figures 1, 2, and 3, the rotary motion given to
the steering bar by the hands is transmitted to the leading wheel Q by means of the
chain F and the chain wheels D and E. Instead however of employing the chain
wheels and a chain, two equivalent pulleys and a band or cord may be employed, and
in either case the slack which may arise from the stretching of the chain band or
cord in use may be taken up by suitable jockey pulleys or by a telescopic or adjustable
neck G.
When a chain band or cord is objectionable because of its weight, or because of its
liability to come into contact with the dress of the rider, or for any other reason, I
employ the toothed gearing and shaft illustrated by Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.
This arrangement consists of the two pairs of bevel wheels D E of which the
driving wheel is secured on the steering bar A with its hub constructed to form the
internal part of the clutch or slip-gear. The driven wheel is mounted free upon
the axle of the leading wheel Q with its rim constructed to form the ring O of the
clutch or slip-gear, whilst the hub of the wheel Q.is prolonged to form the inner part
of the clutch. The intermediate wheels through which the motion is transmitted
from the driver to the driven, are secured upon the shaft F in gear with their
respective wheels. This shaft is preferably formed of steel tube. The diameters of

page_text: the driving and driven wheels will in each case be determined by the desired relative
numbers of the revolutions of the steering bar and of the wheel Q in unit time.
I may employ any known and suitable clutch or slip-gear for the purpose of con-
necting and disconnecting the hand driving mechanism, but I prefer to employ the
construction illustrated by Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 10%. In this modification of the
apparatus, which resembles the substitute for the pawl and ratchet sometimes used in
ratchet drills, there are a series of concentric inclined planes each of which terminates
in a hollow recess as shewn in Figures 10 and 10. In the apparatus C on the
steering bar, these inclined planes are arranged around the hub of the driving wheel
or pulley; in that on the axle of the wheel Q, the inclined planes are arranged
around the projecting hub of that wheel. Concentric with the hub on which the
inclined planes are formed, there is a ring O which in the case of the steering bar is
formed within the contiguous bearing, and in that of the wheel Q, within the rim
of the driven wheel or pulley. The inclined planes of the two apparatus are respectively
arranged in opposite directions as shown in Figures 10 and 10³. Between the inclined
planes and the ring O there are placed the balls or rollers P P, one to each inclined
plane.
When the steering rod is rotated by hand in the driving direction, the balls or
rollers P P are rolled down into the recesses at the lower ends of the inclined planes
and the driving wheel or pulley D which is keyed upon the steering bar is also rotated.
Upon the angular motion of the steering bar being reversed through a small angle,
the balls or rollers P P run up the inclined planes and the steering bar becomes
locked so far as angular motion is concerned, until it is again moved forward in the
driving direction.
Although the motion of the gearing D E F is arrested, the wheel Q is free to
rotate because of the clutch or slip gear N upon its axle. In this apparatus, when the
gearing D E F is at rest, the balls or rollers P P are in the lower parts of the
inclined planes and the hub of the wheel Q can rotate freely in the clutch or slip-gear
without affecting the gearing, but so soon as the angular velocity of the driven wheel
(driven by the rotation of the steering bar) exceeds that of the wheel Q, the balls or
rollers in N are rolled up the inclined planes and the driven wheel or pulley is thereby
locked to the hub of the wheel Q so long as the angular velocities are equal.
A similar clutch or slip-gear may be applied to the hind wheel or hind wheels of
the machine and thus enable the pedals to be at rest. when the machine is travelling
down hill or otherwise at the will of the rider.
The steering bar is used for its ordinary purpose precisely as in other machines of
a similar type in addition to its use in aiding the propulsion of the machine by the
hands.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1st. In a bicycle tricycle or similar machine, an auxiliary driving device operated
by the rotary motion of the steering bar and constructed and arranged substantially
as hereinbefore described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
2nd. In a bicycle tricycle or similar machine, a cranked or curved steering bar
having a wheel or pulley thereon geared with a wheel or pulley on the axle of one of
the wheels of the machine in combination with a clutch or clutches or slip-gear;
substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and as illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 1th day of July A D 1890
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant.