Improvements in and relating to Fire Grates or Stoves.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Dec., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 28th Sept., 1897-Accepted, 6th Nov., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Fire Grates or Stoves.
I, WALTER REGINALD LAMBERT of No. 55 Whitbread Road, Brockley, in the
County of Kent, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to certain improvements in fire grates or stoves, chiefly
applicable to those in general use for domestic purposes. The object of my inven-
tion is to utilise the heat absorbed by the grate or stove and its fittings and cause
an air current to be set up by convection, so that the maximum heating effect of
the burning fuel may be distributed as a heating medium within the apartment
or building to which it is adapted.
In carrying my invention into effect, I utilise the back block, which in an
ordinary fire grate or stove is made of fire clay or any refractory material or
substance. I prefer to construct it of metal, with two or more outlets, leading
to upper and lower outlets corresponding thereto, in the facia of the stove or grate.
The back block, being hollow, and becoming heated by the action of the fire,
causes a constant current of air to enter by the lower inlet orifice or orifices, and
becoming less dense by heating while passing through the hollow back block, is
again emitted into the room, apartment or building as pure heated air, which
has not appreciably been deprived of its oxygen. The air channels may be formed
in the structure of the grate or stove, or may be attached thereto as pipes or the
like, and I may use water vessels to produce moisture by evaporation.
The essential feature of my said invention is in the utilisation of the heat focus
concentrated in the back block, which in grates and stoves as hitherto constructed,
has been a waste, the heat derived from such apparatus being simply due to
radiation. Said back block. being hollow, constitutes a focus of convection and
pure air from a lower level may thus be heated and distributed at a higher level
without an increased expenditure of fuel.
I may, in adapting my invention to different types of stoves, grates, or the like
vary the number, arrangement, and shape of the pipes, and also that of the hollow
back block to which they are connected.
FREDK. WALKER,
73, St. Stephen's Road, Upton Park, E., Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Fire Grates or Stoves.
I, WALTER REGINALD LAMBERT late of No. 55 Whitbread Road, Brockley in the
County of Kent, now of 18 Pattenden Road, Catford Hill, in the County of Kent,
Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed; to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to certain improvements in fire grates or stoves, chiefly

page_text: applicable to those in general use for domestic purposes. The object of my inven-
tion is to utilise the heat. absorbed by the grate or stove, and its fittings, and cause
an air current to be set up by convection, so that the maximum heating effect of
the burning fuel may be distributed as a heating medium within the apartment
or building to which it is adapted.
In order that my invention may be the better understood I have appended
the accompanying sheet of drawings in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of a
fire grate, Figure 2 a sectional elevation thereof on the line A B and Figure 3 a
section upon the line CD. Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding
parts throughout the views.
In carrying my invention into effect I prefer to substitute for the back block
of an ordinary grate, which is usually made of fire clay or like refractory material,
a hollow metal shell a forming part of the grate and integral therewith, and I also
form the whole of the frame of said fire grate or stove as a jacket or enclosed
space as shown by the transverse section Figure 3. Two or more inlet orifices bbi
are formed in the facia of said grate or stove, and communicate by means of the
channels or passages formed by the double plates pp', with an upper orifice c.
I may use baffle plates or webs to retard or produce divergence of the convection
current. The operation may be described as follows:-
The hollow back a becoming heated, causes the air therein contained to become
heated and this rising by rarefaction, produces a partial vacuum which is imme-
diately reduced by cold air entering at 6 b. This produces a continuous current
of air, always ascending and passing out at the orifice cand being heated' in
transit. A room or building is thus supplied with moderately heated air which
has not appreciably been deprived of its oxygen.
In this manner my invention enables me to utilise the heat-focus concentrated
in the back block, which in grates or stoves as ordinarily constructed is wasted,
and the only heat available being that due to radiation. The back block formed by
the hollow shell a constitutes a focus of convection, and pure air from a low level
may be heated and distributed at a higher level without an increased expenditure
of fuel. I may, as a modification, adapt a hollow back block, with pipes, tubes
or the like, to any ordinary grate or stove, so that a lower inlet and an upper outlet
be provided.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
First. Ir fire grates or stoves the method of and means for utilising the heat
absorbed by the back block for producing convection and distributing the heated
air, substantially as herein described with reference to the appended drawings.
Second. In fire grates or stoves, the construction of a hollow back, sides and
front with upper and lower orifices for inlet and outlet substantially as herein
described and shown by the appended drawings.
Third. In fire grates or stoves the construction and employment of a hollow
back block with pipes or tubes forming an inlet and outlet for the circulation
of air substantially as herein described.
Dated this 13th day of September 1897.
FREDK. WALKER,
73 St. Stephen's Road, Upton Park, London, E.,
Agent for the Applicant.