IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FEEDING LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS OR GENERATORS, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Davies, of Llandinam, in the County of
Montgomery, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FEEDING
LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS OR GENERATORS, APPLICABLE ALSO
FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Davies at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1880.
EDWARD DAVIES, of Llandinam, in the County of Montgomery. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR FEEDING LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS OR
GENERATORS, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS FOR OTHER
PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to improvements upon that apparatus for the purpose
above named for which two several Letters Patent have been granted to myself
and Edward Hamer and James Metcalfe, numbered 591, and dated the 14th
February 1876, and numbered 4014, and dated 29th October 1877; and my
improvements consist in making the moving part of the split cone upon an hinge
formed at one end, also in surrounding the split cone and the overflow orifice or
outlet with an air tight casing or chamber, but so that movement can be imparted
to the moveable part of the split cone, and in closing this casing or chamber so
that it will be air tight by causing the outlet from the overflow chamber to ascend
and retain a column of water sufficient to seal it; or it consists in combining with
such arrangement of apparatus a valve to open from the overflow cavity. My
Invention further consists in closing the overflow outlet either by a water seal or
valve, as above described, when the apparatus is used without the casing or
chamber above mentioned, as described in the Specification of the Patent, No. 4014,
1877.
My Invention further consists in combining two apparatus with split cones in
the same axial line, so that the split cone in one injector or apparatus is used as
described in the Specification of the said Patent, No. 4014, 1877; or with the
surrounding casing above described one split cone acts for that part of the jet
where the steam is in the centre, and the other split cone where the steam is on
the exterior of the jet. The above described improvements are applicable for
elevating and injecting liquids or for ejecting liquids or fluids.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edward Davies in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th July
1880.
EDWARD DAVIES, of Llandinam, in the County of Montgomery. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR FEEDING LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS OR
GENERATORS, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS FOR OTHER
PURPOSES."
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My Invention relates to improvements upon that apparatus for the purposes
above named for which two several Letters Patent have been granted to myself
and Edward Hamer and James Metcalfe, numbered 591, and dated the 14th
February 1876, and numbered 4014, and dated the 29th October 1877, and my
Invention refers to improved combinations and arrangements of parts which
consist mainly in arranging the moving part of the "split cone (described in the
Specification of the said Patent, No. 4014, A.D. 1877), upon a hinge formed at one
end, and in surrounding the " split cone "and overflow orifice or outlet with an air
tight casing or chamber, but so that movement can take place in or be imparted to
the movable part of the split cone, and in closing this casing or chamber so that it
will be air tight by causing the outlet from the overflow chamber to ascend and
retain a column or "head" of water sufficient to seal it, or in combining with such
arrangement of apparatus a valve to open from the overflow orifice. My improved
combination and arrangement of parts above referred to allows the "split cone"
to be selfacting, and this simplifies the construction and working of the injector.
Apparatus according to my Invention is intended to be worked more particularly
by exhaust steam as it is discharged from high pressure steam engines, but it is or
may be worked by " live steam taken direct from the boiler, and if desired is or
may be arranged so as to be worked by exhaust steam when the engine is working,
and by live steam direct from the boiler when the engine is not working.
When working with exhaust steam of about atmospheric pressure the apparatus
will inject fluids against a pressure of 70 or 80lbs. per square inch, and when it is
to be used against higher pressures I find, after much experience, that the apparatus
is most simple and economical when arranged and combined with injector apparatus
worked by "live steam" direct from the boiler (as only a comparatively small
quantity of live steam is required), instead of using exhaust steam, the steam acting
on the exterior of the jet, and by the use of which live steam a split cone is not
required in the additional apparatus.
This supplementary injector is provided with an
to start the apparatus, which outlet is closed
at work.
overflow or outlet for the fluid
when the injector is properly
In this case the live steam is or may be admitted or shut off, and the overflow or
outlet is or may be opened or closed by a two way cock, or by separate cocks or
valves, which may be actuated by the same handle.
My Invention further consists in closing the overflow outlet by a water seal or
valve, as before described, when the apparatus is used without the casing or chamber
above mentioned, and is arranged as described in the Specification of the said
Patent, No. 4014, A.D. 1877.
The above described improved apparatus is or may be used for elevating and
injecting liquids, or for ejecting liquids or fluids, and for which latter purpose the
improvements are applicable to that apparatus known as the ejector condenser for
forming a partial vacuum in the cylinders of steam engines.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of an improved apparatus according to my
Invention, and that part formed in the casing marked a is intended to be worked

page_text: by steam exhausted from an engine or engines, or by "live" or low pressure
steam.
Fig. 2 is a cross section at A-B, Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 a cross section at C-D,
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 also represents the longitudinal section of a supplementary apparatus,
which will be hereinafter more fully described.
a is the casing of the injector, which is or may be made of cast iron; it is
provided with flanges for a junction a² with the exhaust or other steam supply, a
junction a for the water supply, and a junction a³ for the pipe leading to the
boiler or conveying the fluid away from the apparatus; b is the steam cone fitted
in the casing (a), as shown, and secured in it there is a disc b' with arms or spaces
to allow the steam to pass, which disc carries a central spindle 62, which I prefer to
use, though it is not absolutely necessary.
d is the combining cone, which has at its smaller end an arm & from one side,
into which the receiving and discharging cone e is screwed.
The larger end of the combining cone (d) is made a good fit to slide in the casing a
and the end of the discharging cone; e is a good fit, and slides in the bush or tube e¹,
which also forms the facing for the stop valve.
d2 is a short shaft fitted in the casing (a), and made air tight by a packing
gland. Upon the end of the short shaft there is a crank pin that fits a steel die
which slides in a cross slot in the side of the combining cone (d).
By means of the hand wheel (d³) secured on the end of the short shaft the
combining cone is adjusted to increase or decrease the area for water.
d is a pointer, which with the index on the hand wheel shows the extent of the
opening for water.
The combining cone is split or formed in two halves or parts, the movable part d³
is hinged at de, as shown, the smaller end has a projection (d) at each side (see
Fig. 2) to prevent lateral play and keep the parts correctly opposite.
In constructing the split cone the joining surfaces of the two parts of the cone
are planed or otherwise prepared and fitted accurately together, and are then
clamped as if solid, while the internal cone is bored or formed.
Inside the casing there is a projection at which limits the extent to which the
moving part d' of the cone shall open; f is a bush or tube secured in the casing
which forms the guide for the spindle of the valve f1 for preventing the return of
the fluid. The outlet from the overflow is closed by a valve a³ (see Fig. 3), or it is
arranged, as shown, so as to hold and retain water sufficient to seal the chamber
against the admission of air, which is liable if it should leak through the joinings
of the split cone to interfere with the working of the injector.
By preference the position of the apparatus is arranged so that the weight of the
movable part d³ of the split cone when free will bring it against the fixed part of
the cone. If desired a spring or weight is or may be arranged to cause the movable
part to keep closed except when the force in the interior of the cone (as at starting)
acts to open it.
When the steam is admitted to start the injector the movable flap (d) opens, and
as soon as a vacuum is formed in the interior of the cone and the jet is established
the external pressure of the atmosphere causes the flap to close, and it remains
closed as long as the apparatus is working properly, and thus it will be seen that
no more manipulation is required to start the apparatus than is necessary with the
ordinary injector.
It is not essential in supplying exhaust steam for working my improved apparatus
to modify the outlet from the blast pipe, especially in locomotive or other engines
where the exhaust steam is used to create a draught for the boiler furnace, or to
use any special reservoir for exhaust steam so long as it is conveyed from the side
of the ordinary blast pipe by means of a pipe of sufficient size, say, three inches
bore for engines of the power of ordinary locomotives, and for others in proportion.

page_text: When the apparatus is arranged to be worked when required either by exhaust
or live steam, there is a valve in the pipe conveying the exhaust steam which is
shut to close the communication with the exhaust when the live steam is turned on
to act in place of the exhaust steam. If desired the valve in the exhaust steam
pipe and the cock for the live steam may be connected or combined, so that when
one is turned on the other will be turned off, and vice versa.
That part of Fig. 1 included in the casing a, above described, is or may be
worked separately with exhaust steam, and I term it the exhaust steam apparatus,
but Fig. 1 as a whole is a longitudinal section of a compound injector to be worked
by exhaust or low pressure steam and live steam direct from the boiler, and I term
this latter part within the casing g, to be hereinafter described, the supplementary
injector or apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a cross section at E-F, Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 is a cross section at G-H,
Fig. 1.
g is the casing of the supplementary apparatus of iron or other metal, provided
with a flange g so as to be united with the casing (a) of the exhaust steam
apparatus, and with a flange g² for the boiler or pipe to convey the fluid away
from the apparatus, and with a junction for a pipek to bring live steam, which
passes through a cock k' fitted in a bush in the casing, and then along a passage gl
in the casing g (see Fig. 4) to the chamber, around a cone h secured in the casing,
the live steam surrounding the jet and combining with it in the cone i.
The discharging part of the cone (i) carries on projections the ring or facing for
the stop valvej which shuts against the return of the fluid. Between the ring for
the valve facing and the end of the discharging i there are spaces (see Figs. 1
and 5), and a chamber is formed as an outlet for fluid when starting the injector,
the fluid escaping through a passage in the two way cock (k¹) (see Fig. 5). The
passages in the cock are so arranged that the outlet passage is open when the
steam is shut off and the outlet is closed when the steam is fully turned on.
Fig. 6 illustrates a modification of the combined exhaust and supplementary
apparatus. The only difference between the modification shown by Fig. 1 and
that illustrated by Fig. 6 is that in the latter the stop valve f1, Fig. 1, is not used,
and the discharging tube c is constructed to act also as the cone h, Fig. 1, of the
supplementary apparatus.
I have now particularly described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode
of carrying the same into effect, and claim as my Invention,―
Firstly. The combination and arrangement of apparatus, for the purposes herein-
before mentioned, which I term the exhaust steam apparatus, substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the Drawings.
Secondly. The split cone or its equivalent when the movable part is so hinged
or arranged as to be selfacting, dispensing with mechanism for actuating the
movable part by hand when starting the apparatus, substantially as herein before
described and illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the Drawings.
Thirdly. The sealing of the overflow orifice by a head of water cr. a valve (a³)
opening outwards, when combined with apparatus having a split cone (d and d³)
or its equivalent, substantially as bereinbefore described and illustrated by the
Drawings.
Fourthly. The surrounding of the split cone (d and d³) or its equivalent with a
casing which excludes the atmosphere when the overflow orifice is sealed or closed,
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the Drawings.
Fifthly. The combination of apparatus actuated by exhaust steam with a supple-
mentary apparatus supplied with live steam, substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated by the Drawings.
Sixthly. The use of the valve (f¹) between the injector worked by exhaust steam
and supplementary apparatus, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated
by the Drawings.

page_text: Seventhly. The turning on of the steam and shutting off of the overflow, or vice
versa, by the same cock or handle in the supplementary apparatus, substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figs. 1 and 5.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Davies, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
EDWARD DAVIES. (L.S.)