Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1886
Complete Left, 10th Sept., 1887
Complete Accepted, 9th Dec., 1887
I SAMUEL SEARLE HAZELAND of the Parish of St. Sampsons in the County of
Cornwall Experimental Machinist do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
The object of this Invention is to provide a means of weighting an elastic pressing
and feeding roller in such fashion that the weight applied shall be easily shifted to
suit the various widths planed, in such fashion that the planing table shall remain
immoveable whilst each piece of wood is being planed in such fashion that the weight
aforesaid shall keep an even pressure on each piece of wood irrespective of slight
variations in its thickness, and in such fashion that no more weight will need to be
put upon the roller than will suffice to effect the cut and feed; to this end I support
the spindle to which the elastic pressing and feeding roller is fitted in a swinging frame
to which is attached a lever bar, said lever bar may preferably be fitted so as to extend
on both sides of the swinging frame aforesaid, in which case one end of the lever bar
may be weighted so as to balance the spindle, roller, swinging frame etc. attached
thereto and the other end so as to keep the roller to the wood which is being planed
with an even pressure irrespective of slight variations in its thickness. In this method
of weighting, the spindle and roller etc. attached thereto, is fitted so as to rise and fall if
needed during the passage of each piece of wood and thus allow for variation in its
thickness and 1 therefore preferably attach toothed or cog wheels to the roller
spindle in lieu of fast and loose pulleys or handwheels and fit the fast and loose pulleys
or handwheels to some other part of the machine from which by means of toothed or
cogwheels which are fitted to the fast and loose pulleys or handwheels aforesaid, they
drive the toothed or cogwheels upon the roller spindle. The teeth of the cogwheels
should be preferably longer than usual to allow for the rise and fall of the roller

page_text: spindle. I may use bosses on top of the standards or uprights and bosses on the
lower part of the swinging frame for the purpose of inserting guide bars therein
which said guide bars may be also used to prevent the swinging frame from rising
further than is desired I preferably use as a lever bar a turned piece of shafting and
at the weighting end cut a groove lengthwise therein using preferably as a weight
support a circular plate with a metal pin fitted to its centre and a metal collar beneath
it a stud may screw through said collar and by passing into the groove aforesaid keep
the circular plate and weight supported thereby from moving round or along the bar.
Countersunk holes in the groove indicate the right position for screwing the collar to
suit the various widths planed. The swinging frame will be hinged to the lower part
of the machine. The planing table can be screwed up or down to suit wood varying
in thickness from th of an inch to 4 inches thick or over.
Dated this Ninth day of December 1886.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Planing Wood.
I SAMUEL SEARLE HAZELAND of the Parish of St. Sampsons in the County of
Cornwall Experimental Machinist do hereby declare the nature of this invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PLANING WOOD and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object of this Invention is to provide a means of weighting an elastic pressing
and feeding roller in such fashion that the weight applied shall be easily shifted to suit
the various widths planed, in such fashion that the planing table shall remain immove-
able whilst each piece of wood is being planed in such fashion that the weight aforesaid
shall keep an even pressure on each piece of wood irrespective of slight variations in
its thickness and in such fashion that no more weight will need to be put upon the
roller then will suffice to effect the cut and feed, to this end I support the spindle to
which the clastic pressing and feeding roller is fitted in a swinging frame, to which is
attached a lever bar, said lever bar may preferably be fitted so as to extend on both
sides of the swinging frame aforesaid in which case one end of the lever bar may be
weighted so as to balance the spindle, roller, swinging frame etc. attached thereto and
the other end so as to keep the roller to the wood which is being planed with an even
pressure irrespective of slight variations in its thickness. In this method of weighting
the spindle and roller etc. attached thereto is fitted so as to rise and fall if needed
during the passage of each piece of wood and thus allow for variation in its thickness
and I therefore preferably attach toothed or cog wheels to the roller spindle in lieu of
fast & loose pulleys or handwheels and fit the fast & loose pulleys or hand wheels
to some other part of the machine from which by means of toothed or cog wheels
which are fitted to the fast & loose pulleys or handwheels aforesaid they drive the
toothed or cog wheels upon the roller spindle. The teeth of the cog wheels should be
preferably longer than usual to allow for the rise and fall of the roller spindle. I may
use bosses on top of the standards or uprights and bosses on the lower part of the swinging
frame for the purpose of inserting guide bars therein which said guide bars may be
also used to prevent the swinging frame from rising further than is desired. I prefer-
ably use as a lever bar a turned piece of shafting and at the weighting end cut a groove
lengthwise therein using preferably as a weight support a circular plate with a metal
pin fitted to its centre and a metal collar beneath it a stud may screw through said
collar and by passing into the groove aforesaid keep the circular plate and weight
supported thereby from moving round or along the bar. Countersunk holes in the
groove indicate the right position for screwing the collar to suit the various widths
planed. The swinging frame will be hinged to the lower part of the machine. The
planing table can be screwed up or down to suit wood varying in thickness from 16th
of an inch to 4 inches thick or over. In sheet 1 of the Drawings sent herewith Fig. 1
shows side view of the machine (A) is the pin on balancing end of lever bar, on which

page_text: a sufficient quantity of weights (0) may be placed to balance the swinging frame (D)
and the gear hanging thereon. (A 1) shows the pin on weighing end of lever bar on
which a sufficient quantity of weights (P) are to be placed to give the pressure
required to effect the cut. By means of the collar, pin (A 1) may be shifted to and fro
to suit the various widths planed (C) shows one of the hand wheels (D) the side of
swinging frame (E) shows the rubber covered roller (F) the hinge of swinging
frame (9) the roller cog (J) the planing table and (1) the stop piece for keeping table
to position. Sheet 2 Figs. 1 & 2 show the end view lettered as on Sheet 1 of the
various parts already specified and in addition thereto (CC CC) the handles (HHHH)
the handwheel cogs (IIII) the pins on which the handwheels run and (KK) the guide
bars which are also used to prevent the swinging frames (DD) from rising so high as
to throw the handwheel and roller cogs apart (KK) pass loosely through the bosses
on (D) and screw into the bosses on the standards or legs beneath (M) on sheet 1 shows
the weighting end of lever bar and (N) on sheet 1 the balancing end of same. Fig. 1
on sheet 3 shows top view lettered as on sheets 1 & 2 of the various parts already
specified Fig. 2 shows end view of swinging frame (D) Fig. 3 side section of
swinging frame Fig. 4 side view of swinging frame Fig. 5 top view of
swinging frame and Fig. 6 bottom view of swinging frame. Fig. 1 Sheet 4 shows end
view of standard or leg to which swinging frame is to be attached. Fig. 2 Sheet 4
end view of standard when turned. Figs. 3 & 4 show top view of standard and
Figs. 5 & 6 the outer and inner side views of standard. Fig. 7 shows the hinge pin
for connecting swinging frame (D) to the standards or legs and Fig. 8 the pin on
which the handwheel and its cog runs. In the hand power machine above described
the rubber roller feeds the wood over the stationary knife as explained in my
Patent 2848 dated 10th July 1880 and the plane knife is positioned as shown therein.
Except that there is no lever bar beneath the roller the lower parts of this machine
with top lever & swinging frame are fitted substantially as shown & described in my
patent specification 16951 dated 27th December 1884. In working this machine
with top lever & swinging frame the planing table should be screwed up so that the
gap between bottom of roller and knife edge is from th to th of an inch less in
width than the thickness of the wood to be planed. I would here remark that I do
not intend to confine myself to the precise arrangements of machinery herein shown &
described as these may be varied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my gaid
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. Adapting to a wood planing machine in which the wood is planed by means of
an elastic pressing & feeding roller and a stationary knife a swinging frame lever
bar & toothed gear substantially as shown & described.
Dated this 8th day of September 1887.
SAMUEL SEARLE HAZELAND.