Improvements in the Manufacture of Cement.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 8th Nov., 1893-Accepted, 3rd Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cement.
I, WILLIAM WEBSTER, F.C.S. of Glencot, Blackheath Park,- Blackheath in
the County of Kent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
66
"
In the Specification to my application for Patent dated 23rd June 1892
No. 11765 was described a manufacture of cement consisting of the admixture
with the solid deposit or sludge obtained from sewage with clay and chalk, or
chalk and river mud, or Lower Grey chalk (known as
soap or natural cement),
the mixtures being dried and burnt in the same manner as ordinary cement.
According to my present invention I employ in the said manufacture, either in
lieu of the sludge, or in combination therewith, ashes obtained from the burning of
vegetable fibre such as straw, stubble, rushes, reeds, grass, paper or cellulose, or
wood fragments such as clippings from hedges or trees. Also the ashes from coal
or coke may be employed. Such ashes are mixed with the clay and chalk or other
cement material employed, and with the sludge, when such is used, in any suitable
incorporating mill, and the mixture is then dried and burnt to cement in the usual
manner.
Dated this 11th day of February 1893.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cement.
I, WILLIAM WEBSTER, F.C.S. of Glencot, Blackheath Park, Blackheath, in
the County of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
"
In the Specification to my application for Patent dated 23rd June 1892
No. 11765 was described a manufacture of cement consisting of the admixture,
with the solid deposit or sludge obtained from sewage, of clay and chalk, or chalk
and river mud, or Lower Grey chalk (known as soap" or natural cement), the
mixtures being dried and burnt in the same manner as ordinary cement.
According to my present invention I employ in the said manufacture, either in
lieu of the sludge, or in combination therewith, ashes obtained from the burning of
vegetable fibre, such as straw, stubble, rushes, reeds, grass, paper or cellulose, or
wood fragments such as clippings from hedges or trees. Also the ashes from coal
or coke may be employed. Such ashes are mixed with the clay and chalk or other
cement material employed, and with the sludge, when such is used, in any suitable
incorporating mill, and the mixture is then dried and burnt to cement in the usual
manner.
The proportion of such admixture of ashes will vary considerably and will
depend mainly upon the amount of silica contained in the clay used; thus
should the clay contain only about one per cent. of silica, sufficient ashes would
have to be added to supply from twenty to twenty-five per cent. of silica in the
mixture.

page_text: By preference I employ for this purpose white ash such as results from the
combustion of plants, osiers, trees, &c. or white ash from coal. In this case I mix
from one to five per cent. of such ash with from ninety nine to ninety five per cent.
of the other ingredients, mixing the ash either with the chalk or with the clay or
river mud used, the chalk and clay being used in the relative proportions usually
employed in the ordinary manufacture of cement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
Manufacture of cement by incorporating the ashes obtained from the burning of
vegetable matters or of coal or coke with clay and chalk or other material used in
the manufacture of cement, with or without the addition of sewage sludge, the
mixture being dried and then burnt, substantially as described.
Dated this 8th day of November 1893
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.