Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Mar., 1899-Accepted, 29th Apr., 1899
We, CLINTON DUNREATI TABOR, of 129, East Twenty-ninth Street, New York,
in the State of New York, and ALBERT SCHRAFFT, of 66, Jackson Street, Newark,
Essex County, in the State of New Jersey, both in the United States of America,
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what man-
ner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to that class of window sashes which can be raised and
lowered in the usual manner for opening and closing the window and which can
also be reversed so that either side of the sash is accessible from the inside of the
building for cleaning or repairing the same, so as to avoid the danger attend-
ing cleaning and repairing windows from the outside of the building.
The object of my invention is to produce a window sash of this character which
is simple and durable in construction and reliable in operation and which can be
conveniently detached from and attached to its supports.
In the accompanying drawings consisting of two sheets
Figure 1 is an inside elevation, partly in section, of a window provided with my
improved sashes, showing the upper sash slightly tilted. Figure 2 is a vertical
transverse section of the same in line 2-2, Figure 1. Figure 3 is a fragmentary
vertical section, on an enlarged scale, of the lower sash taken on line 3-3,
Figure 2, showing the same in its normal operative position. Figure 4 is a per-
spective view of one of the guide bar sockets which receives one of the pivots of
the sash. Figure 5 is a fragmentary edge view of one of the guide bars and
the socket attached thereto and showing the pivot seated therein in section.
Figure 6 is a fragmentary edge view of one of the stiles of the window sash and
its pivot. Figure 7 is a fragmentary horizontal section on line 7-7, Figure 3,
showing the sash in its normal operative position. Figure 8 is a similar view
showing the position of the parts when the sash is turned slightly on its pivot.
Figures 9 and 10 are fragmentary horizontal sections on lines 9-9 and 10-10,
of Figure 3, respectively. Figure 11 is a fragmentary vertical section on line
11-11, Figure 3. Figure 12 is a fragmentary vertical section similar to Figure 3,
showing one of the guide hars held in a retracted position against the side jamb
of the frame. Figure 13 is a horizontal section on line 13-13, Figure 12. Figure 14
is an end view of one of the side jamb thimbles which receives one of the guide
bar catches.
Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.
The window frame may be of any usual and well known construction and con-
sists essentially of two vertical pulley or side jambs A A, a head jamb B con-
necting the upper ends of the side jambs and a sill C connecting the lower ends of
the side jambs. The inner side of each side jamb is provided with the usual
inner stop D, intermediate stop D' and outer stop D³ which extend vertically from

page_text: the sill to the head jamb and form an inner guide way d and an outer guide
way between these stops.
Erepresent the upper and lower sashes which abut with their check rails e e¹
and engage with their top and bottom rails es e³ against the head jamb and sill,
respectively, when the sashes are in their normal position, the same as in the
sashes now commonly used. The width of each sash or in other words the dis-
tance between the outer edges e' of the stiles of each sash is less than the distance
between the stops 1) D Ds on one side jamb of the frame and the corresponding
stops on the side jamb on the opposite side of the frame, which permits the sash
to pass freely between the two sets of stops.
Frepresent vertical guide bars whereby the sashes are guided in their vertical
movements and upon which the sashes may be swung in a vertical plane for turn-
ing either side of the sashes inwardly. One of these bars is arranged in each
of the guide ways and bears with its inner longitudinal edge against the opposing
edge of the adjacent sash stile, the pair of guide bars on the opposite sides of the
lower sash being arranged in the inner guide way d and the pair of guide bars on
opposing sides of the upper sash being arranged in the outer guide ways . The
guide bars on opposite sides of each sash are of the same length and flush with
the top and bottom thereof and are connected with the counterbalancing weights g
by cords passing around pulleys 9 on the side jambs. One side of each guide
bar, preferably the outer side f, is of such with that it practically fills the space
hetwien the adjacent outer edge of the sash stile and the back of the adjacent
guide way while the opposite or inner side f' thereof is of a width less than said
space which permits the narrow portion of the guide bar to rock to a limited
extent in a horizontal plane toward and from the outer edge of the adjacent sash-
stile. The guide bar during this rocking movement turns with its corner f³ at the
juncture of the outer side and outer edge thereof in the adjacent corner of the
guide way as a pivot. Each of the guide bars is provided on its inner edge near
its inner side with a longitudinal rib or tongue h which engages with a corre-
sponding groove h¹ in the opposing outer edge of the adjacent sash stile.
Each of the sashes is connected with the central portions of its stiles to the
central portion of its guide bars by horizontal coupling bolts I I so that the sash
and its bars move up and down together and the sash can turn in a vertical
plane on the guide bars. Each of these bolts is guided in a frame fitted in a
recess in the outer edge of a sash stile and consists of a face plate through
which the middle portion of the bolt passes and a yoke j¹ through which the inner
portion of the bolt passes. The outer edge of the coupling bolt is provided with
a head having a conical or convex back side.
The coupling bolt is constantly drawn inwardly by a spring & surrounding the
bolt and bearing with its ends against the inner side of the face plate and a
washer which in turn bears against a pin on the bolt.
LL represent sockets which receive the headed ends of the coupling bolts and
which are arranged on the inner edges of the guide bars. Each of these sockets
consists of a face plate secured over a recess in the inner edge of the guide bar
and provided with a slot consisting of a vertical portion and a horizontal por-
tion which extends laterally from the upper end of the vertical portion and
opens inwardly through the guide way. For the purpose of connecting the sash
with its guide bars the heads of the coupling bolts are first slipped into the
horizontal portion 13 of the socket slots, this operation being facilitated by limit-
ing the inward movement of each bolt so that in its innermost position the head
projects beyond the outer edge of the sash stile. The inward movement of the
coupling bolt is preferably limited by engaging the washer on the pin with
the yoke . After the coupling bolts have been slipped into the horizontal por-
tion of the socket slots the bolts are pressed downward into the vertical portion of
the slots until the bolts engage with the lower ends thereof. As the bolts move
downwardly in the sockets the head of each bolt engages with its back side against
inclines m m arranged on the face plate on opposite sides of the vertical portion

page_text: of the slot, whereby the bolt is moved toward the guide bar and the spring k is
strained, thereby causing the guide bar and sash to be firmly drawn together
so as to prevent leakage and rattling at the joint. In the lowermost position of
the coupling bolts, the heads thereof engage with vertical bearing faces m¹, m
on opposite sides of the socket slot which causes the spring to draw the head of
the bolt squarely against the sockets and prevents the tension of the spring from
displacing the bolt in the socket which would be liable to happen if the head of
the bolt rested against an incline when in its operative position.
When the sash is connected with the guide bars by the coupling bolts and the
sush is in its normal vertical position the springs k serve to retain the sash in
this position by yieldingly holding the ribs h of the guide bars in engagement
with the grooves of the sash stiles, thereby causing the sash to rise and fall with
the guide bars when opening and closing the window. When it is desired to
reverse the sash for cleaning the pane or for other purposes it is turned on the
coupling bolts as a pivot, whereby the upper and lower ends are swung in opposite
directions. This movement of the sash causes the curved or inclined sides of its
grooves to engage with the corresponding sides of the ribs on the guide bar on
the principal of a wedge and turn or deflect the same in a horizontal plane as
shown in Figure 8, so that the ribs clear the grooves and permit the sash to be
swung freely into any desired position. Upon returning the sash to its normal
vertical position the guide bars are instantly drawn horizontally against the stiles
and their ribs are again engaged with the grooves in the stiles. The wedge action
of the sash against the guide bars is preferably produced by making the ribs of
rounded or convex form and the groove in the stile of corresponding form but if
desired the rib and the guide bar and its co-operating groove in the sash stile
may be of tapering or conical form. The corner on which the guide bar turns,
preferably has the form of a narrow rib or flange, as shown in the drawings which
permits that side of the guide bar to fit snugly between the sash stile and the
back of the guide way, thereby preventing leakage between the guide bar, sash
and frame and it also forms a small contact surface between the guide bar and
the guide way, thereby reducing the friction and wear upon the parts and also
permitting the sash to be opened and closed easily because the tendency to bind
is reduced to a minimum.
When it is desired to remove the sash from the guide bars for repairs or other
purposes, this can be accomplished by raising the sash so that its coupling bolts
are lifted from the bottom to the top of the vertical portions of the socket slots
and then drawing the sash horizontally inward, whereby the coupling bolts are
moved through the horizontal portions of the socket slots, thereby detaching the
sash from the guide bars. Preparatory to removing the lower sash, the latter is
raised together with its guide bars sufficient to clear the lower stop n on the sill
and for the same purpose the upper sash is lowered with its guide bars so as to
clear the upper stops n' on the head jamb.
For the purpose of permitting the sashes to be easily and conveniently detached
from and attached to the guide bars each of the latter is held stationary during
the operation of detaching and attaching the sashes by a refaining device which
is constructed as follows:-
O represents a depending catch which is arranged in an outwardly opening
recess o¹ in the lower end of a guide bar. This catch is provided at its lower end
with an inclined hook o which extends upwardly and laterally toward the adjacent
guide bar and its upper end is provided with a vertical slot o³ which receives a
transverse pin o' on the sash stile. P represents a cylindrical thimble arranged
in the back of each guide way near the lower end thereof and provided on its
upper side with a transverse shoulder or lip p having an inclined inner side p¹
which extends from its lower end upwardly and laterally away from the adjacent
guide bar. In the lowermost or closed position of the lower sash its catches
engage with the sill and are raised in the sash stiles, as shewn in Figure 3, this

page_text: movement of each catch being permitted by the slotted connection of the catch
with the stile. The catches of the upper sash when in its lowermost position are
raised in the stiles thereof by engagement with the sill in the same manner as
the catches of the lower sash. In the elevated position of the sashes the catches
thereof drop until the upper ends of the slots therein engage with the supporting
pins o' in which position of the catches their hooked lower ends project below the
stiles. When it is desired to catch the lower sash from its guide bars the latter to-
gether with the lower sash are raised until they clear the bottom stop n and the catches
thereof depend below the stiles and stand opposite the catch thimbles in the guide
way d. The catches are now swung laterally out of the recesses o¹ so that they
stand at an angle to the guide bars and their hooks are engaged with the inclined
lips of the thimbles, as represented in Figure 12, whereby the guide bars are
held against further upward movement. Upon now moving the sash upwardly
and inwardly its coupling bolts are disengaged from the bolt sockets.
When the sash is disengaged from the guide bars the upward pull upon the
latter by the counterbalancing weights causes the inner or narrow portion of the
guide bars to be drawn horizontally backward toward the guide ways by the
catches, as represented in Figures 12 and 13, whereby the guide bars are held in
a retracted position so that their ribs clear the path of the sash and permit the
latter to be conveniently inserted between the guide bure. The backward or out-
ward movement of each guide bus is produced by the tendency of its catch to
straighten itself out vertically with reference to its guide har and the line of
draft, on the principle of a toggle joint, and this movement of the guide bar is
aided by the wedge action of the inclined hook of the catch against the inclined
shoulder of the thimble. The thimbles of each pair of guide bars are arranged
horizontally in line so that the guide bars are retained at the same height by the
catches, thereby permitting the coupling bolts of the sash to be easily re-engaged
with the sockets. Upon lowering the sash and its guide bars after the sash and
bars are coupled, the catches disengage themselves automatically from the thimbles
by gravity, aided, if necessary, by the inclined hooks of the catches engaging with
the lower edges of the thimbles, whereby the catches are forced inwardly into the
recesses of the sash. The catches are retained in these recesses with their hooks
clear of the thimbles by gravity, so that in the normal position of these parts
the sash can be freely raised and lowered.
The upper sash is preferably lowered in its guide ways when it is desired to
remove the same from its guide bars, so as to be within convenient reach and
for this purpose the thimbles for the reception of its guide bar catches are
arranged near the lower ends of the outer guide ways as shown in Figure 2.
The detachable connection between the sash and its guide bars is particularly
desirable when the full opening of the window is required, for instance when
removing large furniture through the window.
The removability of the sashes from the guide bars is also very desirable when
the window is provided on its outer side with a screen which extends the full
height of the window. When such screen is used the sashes cannot be reversed
for cleaning because the screen is too close to the sash and the latter, therefore,
has to be moved from the guide bars in order to afford proper access to both sides
of its pane. The removal of the sashes is permitted without removing the guido
bars from the frame and disconnecting the same from the sash cords and weights.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The combination with a window frame provided with a guide way and a sash
which clears said way, of a guide bar capable of turning transversely in said
guide way and bearing against said sash, and a pivot connecting the sash with
the guide bar.
2. The combination with a window frame provided with a vertical guide wav

page_text: and a sash which clears said way, of a horizontally swinging guide bar arranged
between said guide way and the edge of the sash and bearing pivotally with one
of its edges against said guide way and provided on its opposite edge with an
incline which engages with an incline on the sash, and a bolt pivotally connect-
ing the sash and the guide bar.
3. The combination with a window frame provided on opposite sides with ver-
tical guide ways and sash which clears said ways, of horizontally swinging guide
bars bearing with their inner edges against opposite vertical edges of the sush
and arranged with their outer edges in said ways, one side of each bar being as
wide as the space between the sash and the back of the adjacent way and provided
with a fulcrum at the corner of the outer side and the outer edge of the bar, and
the opposite side of the bar being narrower than said space and capable of moving
toward and from said sash, a tongue or rib arranged on the inner edge of each bar
adjacent to the opposite side thereof and engaging with a groove in the adjacent
edge of the sash, and horizontal bolts pivotally connecting the sash with said bars.
4. The combination with a window frame provided on opposite sides with ver-
tical guide ways and a sash which clears said ways, of horizontally swinging guide
bars arranged between said ways and opposite edges of the sash, pivot bolts con-
necting said bars with the sash, and spring mounted on the sash and adapted to
draw the bars against the sash.
5. The combination with a window frame provided on opposite sides with
vertical guide ways, guide bars arranged in said ways and provided with laterally
opening sockets, and a sash arranged between the guide bars, of pivots mounted
on the sash and provided at their outer ends with shoulders or heads which engage
with shoulders on the sockets of the guide bars, and springs mounted on the sash
and tending to draw the pivots inwardly so as to draw the bars against opposite
sides of the sash.
6. The combination with a window frame provided on opposite sides with
vertical guide ways, of guide bars arranged in said ways and each provided with
a slotted socket having a vertical slot and a horizontal slot which extends laterally
from the upper end of the vertical slot, and pivots arranged on the sash and
engaging with the slots of said sockets."
7. The combination with a window frame provided on opposite sides with ver-
tical guide ways, of guide bars arranged in said ways, slotted sockets arranged
on said bars and each provided with a vertical slot, a horizontal slot extending
laterally from the upper end of the vertical slot, and an incline adjacent to the
inner side of the vertical slot, a sash arranged between said guide bars, coupling
bolts arranged in guide frames on the sash and in the slots of the sockets, heads
arranged on said bolts and adapted to engage with the inclines of the sockets, and
springs arranged on the sash and adapted to shift the bolts and draw their heads
against the inner sides of said sockets.
8. The combination with the window frame provided on opposite sides with
vertical guide ways and with shoulders or thimbles in the lower portions of said
ways, of guide bars sliding vertically in said ways and each capable of turning
horizontally on one of its edges as a fulcrum, a catch arranged near the opposite
edge of the bar and adapted to engage with the shoulder or thimble in the adjacent
guide way for holding the bar is a lowered and in a turned position, and a window
sash having pivots which are detachably journalled on said bars.
9. The combination with a window frame provided on opposite sides with ver-
tical guide ways, of horizontally swinging guide bars arranged in said ways,
balancing devices connected with said bars, catches arranged on said bars and
provided with inclined hooks which engage with inclines on said frame, and a
sash detachably connected with said bars.
10. The combination with a window frame provided on opposite sides with ver-
tical guide ways, of thimbles arranged in the backs of said ways and provided
with inclined shoulders, horizontally swinging guide bars arranged in said ways,
balancing weights connected with said bars, catches provided with slots which

page_text: receive pins on said bars and with hooks which are adapted to engage with said
shoulders, and a sash detachably connected with said bars.
Dated this 23rd day of March 1800
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.('.,
Agents for the Applicants.