IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Matthew Collier, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 10th June 1873, and dated the 13th December 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Matthew Collier at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th December 1872.
I, MATTHEW COLLIER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements upon that arrangement for
which Letters Patent were granted to me dated 29 January, 1862,
No. 242. According to the arrangement therein specified narrow
fabrics were woven in steps above or in advance of each other for the
whole series, and the shuttles were thrown at an angle. I still adopt a
step arrangement, but now place the reeds perpendicularly or horizontally,
as in an ordinary loom, and extend them in groups across the width of
"

page_text: the loom. A space between two reeds corresponds to the width required
for a given size of shuttle, and on a side of these two are placed other
reeds (say two) advancing beyond those first mentioned, and there are
consequently formed two groups each consisting of three reeds occupying
a comparatively narrow space and affording the opportunity of using
six shuttles. This arrangement is repeated for the breadth of the loom,
instead however of the above mentioned groups of three two only or
a larger number than three may be employed.
In place for using separate reeds for each fabric, one reed of greater
breadth may be employed for each group or for as many groups as may
be desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Matthew Collier in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 13th June 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MATTHEW
COLLIER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of December, Onc
thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-sixth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Matthew Collier, Her special license that I, the
said Matthew Collier, my executors, administrators, and assigns or such
others as I, the said Matthew Collier, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING,"
upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said Matthew Collier,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that Ị, the said Matthew Collier, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :—
My Invention consists in improvements upon that arrangement for
which Letters Patent were granted to me dated Twenty-ninth January,
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, No. 242. According to
the arrangement therein specified narrow fabrics were woven in steps
above or in advance of each other for the whole series, and the shuttles
were thrown at an angle. I still adopt a step arrangement for
weaving tapes and other narrow fabrics, but now place the reeds
perpendicularly or horizontally as in an ordinary loom.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 represents what I will now
suppose to be an elevation of the slay of a loom with the reeds and
shuttles, and Fig. 2 a cross section thereof; the former however being
only a portion of the whole width, it being shewn as broken off at each
end. At a is a board constituting the slay of the loom and to which a
beating up motion is imparted by any ordinary suitable arrangement,
and provided with an opening b, c, d, e, for the reception of a reed f.
Above this is formed another opening b¹, c¹, d', e¹, provided with a
reed f¹, and at b², c², d², e³, is a third opening filled by a reed f³; there
are therefore three reeds for as many narrow fabrics to be woven, and
forming a group placed in steps one above another. After this there
follows another group g, h, i, j, g³, h¹, î², j¹, g², h², ², j³, and reeds k, k³, k²,
and so on throughout the width of the loom. The shuttles are shewn at
1, 1, ², formed with grooves which run upon Trails m carried by the
slay a, and to which they are attached; and the said shuttles when free
of the warps as shewn in the Drawing occupy a position between two
reeds situate in the same line. At n are two rails joined together at
each end and constituting a frame which slides upon the board a, and
carrying stepped rods which act as pickers by bringing their parts o, o¹,
to act against the shuttles 1, 1, 1, the necessary sliding motion of the
rails being effected by any ordinary suitable means. According to the
position of the parts shewn the shed is supposed to be opened and
occupying a position between by the red lines, and the picking is about
to take place in the direction of the arrow, by which means the
shuttles 1,,, will be driven through the warps in the reeds f. ƒ³, ƒ^,
by the stepped rod o³, the steps o on the other rod retreating from the

page_text: shuttles as they advance, but on a return picking motion of the rails n,
and another shed having been opened, the said stepped parts o will
restore the shuttles to the positions shewn.
The above description has referred to two groups of reeds only, but it
will of course be understood that the operations are the same throughout
the width of the loom, the stepped pickers being adapted to each group
in the Drawing, a portion only of the dents of the reeds is shewn, but of
course they extend across their spaces. The foregoing describes the
principle, but it will be evident that the arrangement may be varied in
details, for instance instead of employing three reeds in a group two only
or more than three may be adopted in the same step like form, or one reed
only for each group may be employed, but of sufficient width to cover
the space embraced by the group of shuttles, or one reed of that width
may be adapted extending along the whole breadth of the loom. The
warp threads may be either vertical or horizontal to answer which it is
merely necessary to consider Fig. 1 either a plan view or elevation.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to
be understood that I claim as secured to me under the above in part
recited Letters Patent, and in reference to weaving such fabrics as
aforesaid, the step like arrangement of the sheds in the reeds and the
shuttles substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Matthew Collier, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.