Improvements in Steam-hammers and Stamps, and Hammers and Stamps Actuated by Compressed Air, Gas, or other Elastic Fluids or Vapour.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 7th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 7th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 2nd June, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam-hammers and Stamps, and Hammers and
Stamps Actuated by Compressed Air, Gas, or other Elastic
Fluids or Vapour.
I LEONARD FLETCHER MASSEY of Openshaw Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to steam-hammers and stamps and to hammers and stamps
actuated by compressed air, gas or other elastic fluids or vapour.
The first part of my invention relates to steam-hammers and steam stamps of
all kinds and hammers and stamps actuated by compressed air, gas or other
elastic fluids or vapour and consists in improvements in the spring buffer arrange-
ments used to prevent the pistons of such hammers and stamps from coming into
contact with the covers or ends of the cylinders in which they work.
This part of my invention consists in making the buffer employed for the
purpose above mentioned adjustable in position so that the part of the buffer with
which the piston of the hammer or stamp comes into contact may be made to
Occupy different positions in the cylinder of the hammer or stamp as the various
operations to be performed by the hammer or stamp may require. When the
hammer or stamp is used for work for which the full stroke of the piston and
tup of such hammer or stamp is not required the buffer made according to this
part of my invention is placed in position to allow the piston to be moved only to
the extent necessary and thus for the time being to reduce the effective length of
the cylinder of the hammer or stamp. The employment of this part of my
invention very greatly facilitates the effective use of a hammer or stamp by rendering
it much easier than it has hitherto been to regulate the force of the blows struck
by the tup or hammer-head of the hammer or stamp in accordance with the
requirements of the work being performed. In a modification of this part of my
invention I also make the portion of the buffer which passes into the interior
of the cylinder of a diameter equal to that of the cylinder. By this means besides
the advantages which are obtained by making the buffer adjustable in position, a
great economy of steam or other motive fluid is obtained when the buffer is in
position to prevent the piston from making a full stroke, since when this part of
my invention is employed the part of the cylinder which it is necessary to fill with
steam or other motive fluid is only the part actually traversed by the piston and
not as in the hammers and stamps hitherto in use the whole space between the
cylinder cover and the piston. Provision is made for the access of steam or other
motive fluid to the upper side of the piston from the port at the end of the cylinder
when the buffer is in position to allow only short strokes to be made by the
pistou by means of a longitudinal groove or flat side in or upon the part of the
buffer which enters the cylinder or in any other suitable manner.
The second part of my invention relates to all kinds of steam-hainmers, steam-
stamps, hammers and stamps actuated by compressed air or other elastic fluid or
vapour, in which the tups or hammer-heads move between slides or guides and
this part of my invention consists in a simple and effective means for enabling the
slides or guides to be adjusted as may be requisite.
According as this part of my invention I place wedges or taper liners between
he standard or standards and the slides or guides which guide the tup or hammer-
head of a hammer or stamp. The said wedges or taper liners are made capable
of being adjusted lengthwise by screws and nuts so that when it may be necessary

page_text: or desirable the guides may be moved further away from the standard or standards
on which they are mounted. In most cases I should form the screws of prolonga-
tions of the thinner ends of the wedges or taper liners. The slides or guides are
bolted firmly back against the wedges or inclined liners by strong bolts and nuts.
When from use the faces of the slides or guides and of the tup or hammer-head
become worn the nuts upon the bolts by which the slides or guides are secured to
the standard or standards are slackened and the wedges or taper liners are moved
lengthwise to the extent necessary to prevent lateral movement of the tup or
hammer-head and then the nuts upon the bolts by which the slides or guides are
connected to the standard or standards of the hammer are tightened. The devices
in which this part of my invention consists are simple in construction and use, and
enable a very accurate adjustment of the slides or guides to be very readily obtained
without it being necessary to detach any of the parts to be adjusted or any of the
parts by which the adjustment is effected and the devices in which this part of
my invention consists are not liable to derangement or injury.
Dated this Fourth day of June 1892
HOWARD
CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam-hammers and Stamps, and Hammers and
Stamps Actuated by Compressed Air, Gas, or other Elastic
Fluids or Vapour.
I, LEONARD FLETCHER MASSEY of Openshaw, Manchester in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :--
My invention relates to steam-hammers and stamps and to hammers and stamps
actuated by compressed air, gas or other elastic fluids or vapour.
The first part of my invention relates to steam-hammers and steam stamps of all
kinds and hammers and stamps actuated by compressed air, gas or other elastic
fluids or vapour and consists in improvements in the spring buffer arrangements
used to prevent the pistons of such hummers and stamps from coming into contact
with the covers or ends of the cylinders in which they work.
This part of my invention consists in making the buffer employed for the purpose
above mentioned adjustable in position so that the part of the buffer with which
the piston of the hammer or stamp comes into contact may be made to occupy
different positions in the cylinder of the hammer or stamp as the various operations
to be performed by the hammer or stamp may require. When the hammer or
stamp is used for work for which the full stroke of the piston and tup of such
hammer or stamp is not required the buffer made according to this part of my
invention is placed in position to allow the piston to be moved only to the extent
necessary and thus for the time being to reduce the effective length of the
cylinder of the hammer or stamp. The employment of this part of my invention
very greatly facilitates the effective use of a hammer or stamp by rendering it
much easier than it has hitherto been to regulate the force of the blows struck
by the tup or hammer-head of the hammer or stamp in accordance with the
requirements of the work being performed. In a modification of this part of
my invention I also make the portion of the buffer which passes into the interior
of the cylinder of a diameter equal to that of the cylinder. By this means besides
the advantages which are obtained by making the buffer adjustable in position
a great economy of steam or other motive fluid is obtained when the buffer is
in position to prevent the piston from making a full stroke since when this part of
my invention is employed the part of the cylinder which it is necessary to fill
with steam or other motive fluid is only the part actually traversed by the piston

page_text: and not as in the hammers and stamps hitherto in use the whole space between
the cylinder cover and the piston. Provision is also made for the access of
steam or other motive fluid to the upper side of the piston from the port at
the end of the cylinder when the buffer is in position to allow only short strokes
to be made by the piston, by means of a longitudinal groove or flat side in or
upon the part of the buffer which enters the cylinder or in any other suitable
manner.
This part of my invention is illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying
drawings, Fig. 1 being a vertical section of so much of a steam-hammer or stamp
as is necessary to illustrate the nature of this part of my invention and the manner
in which it may be carried into effect, Fig. 2 a side view of part of that which is
shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 a horizontal section taken partly on the plane indicated
by the line (A) (A) of Fig. 1 and partly on the plane indicated by the line (B) (B)
of Fig. 1.
(a) is the portion of the buffer which passes into the interior of the cylinder (b)
of the steam-hammer or stamp and (c) is the spiral spring of the buffer. The
portion (a) of the buffer which passes into the interior of the cylinder () is made
of a diameter equal to the interior diameter of such cylinder (b). The cylinder (b)
is provided with a gland and stuffing box (d) by means of which the escape of
steam around the circumference of the portion (a) of the buffer is prevented.
The portion (a) of the buffer is supported in position in the cylinder (b) by a
rod (e) which is fitted into the said portion (a) of the buffer and is provided with a
collar or head (e¹) at its lower end and passes through a hole formed through the
portion (a) of the buffer and passing through a hole formed in a cross-bar (f) has
secured upon its upper end a collar (2) which is supported by the said cross-
bar (f). The portion (a) of the buffer is represented as being formed of two
tubular portions united at their lower ends, the space between the two tubular
portions being open at the its upper end to the atmosphere, but the portion (a) of
the buffer may be made of any other construction which may be suitable. Through
the central tubular portion of the portion (a) of the buffer and through the rod (e)
is passed a cotter (9) by means of which the rod (e) is secured in position in the
portion (a) of the buffer. The spiral spring (e) bears at one end against the upper
end of the portion (a) of the buffer and at its other end against the lower surface
of a plate (h) in contact with the lower surface of the cross bar (f). In
sockets (b) formed in projecting parts (1) formed upon the outer surface of the
cylinder (6) are secured standards (i) upon which the cross-bar (f) is mounted,
the standards (i) passing through holes formed in the ends of the cross-bar (f).
Holes or slots (¹) are formed through the standards (i) at suitable intervals in a
suitable length of each of such standards. Through the holes or slots (i)
cotters (j) (k), may be passed and by the cotters (5) (k) being passed through
holes or slots (¹) which are in suitable positions, the cross-bar (f) and con-
sequently the buffer may be caused to occupy any position which may be requisite
for the convenient and effective employment of the steam-hammer or stamp for any
particular purpose. In order that the form of the cotter (k) may be more readily
seen I have shown it detached in Fig. 4. By the cotters (1) and (k) being placed
in different holes or slots (¹) as may be necessary or desirable from time to time,
as may be readily done, the portion (a) of the buffer may be caused to occupy any
required position in the cylinder (6) which may be desirable so that the force of
the blow given by the tup of the steam-hammer or stamp may be regulated as may
be desirable. In the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the portion (a) of
the buffer being of a diameter equal to the interior diameter of the cylinder (b) the
portion (a) of the buffer is formed with a flat side (a) so that a passage (a²) is
formed to allow steam to pass from the port (13) in the cylinder (b) in order to act
upon the upper surface of the piston of the steam-hammer or stamp when the
portion (a) of the buffer is placed in position to fill the upper part of the cylinder
and permit the piston of the steam-hammer or stamp to make only very short strokes.
The gland and stuffing box (d) are made of a form corresponding to that of the

page_text: portion (a) of the buffer. The position of the port (63) is indicated by dotted lines
in Fig. 1. Although I have above described a spiral spring (c) as being used in a
buffer to which this part of my invention is applied I would have it understood
that springs or buffers or equivalents therefor of any other kind which may be
suitable for use in a steam hammer or stamp may be used in a buffer to which my
invention is applied.
In the arrangements illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 the portion (a) of the buffer
being of a diameter equal to the interior diameter of the cylinder (b) the placing of
such portion (a) of the buffer in the various positions in which it may be desirable
for it to be placed when the steam-hammer or stamp is being employed to perform
work of different kinds results in the economy of steam as well as in the advantages
which result from the buffer being placed in a position suitable for the work being
performed by the steain-hammer or stamp.
The arrangement of this part of my invention in which the portion of the buffer
which passes into the interior of the cylinder of the steam-hammer or stamp is not
made of a diameter equal to the interior diameter of the cylinder of the steam-
hammer or stamp and the manner in which the said arrangement of my invention
may be carried into effect being in so far as the mounting of the cross bar (f) is
concerned similar to that illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 will be readily understood by
persons conversant with the construction of steam-hammers or stamps without
further description.
The application of this part of my invention to hammers and stamps actuated by
compressed air, gas or other elastic fluids or vapour will be readily understood by
persons conversant with such appliances, from the foregoing description of the
manner of applying this part of my invention to steam-hammers and stainps.
I would have it understood that other devices to permit of the adjustment of the
cross-bar (f) into different positions may be substituted for the standards (i) and
cotters (5) (k) and that any other suitable means of adjustably supporting the
buffer may be substituted for the cross-bar (f).
The second part of my invention relates to all kinds of steam-hammers, steam-
stamps, hammers, and stamps actuated by compressed air or other elastic fluid or
vapour in which the tups or hammer-heads move between slides or guides and this
part of my invention consists in a simple and effective means for enabling the slides
or guides to be adjusted as may be requisite.
When
According to this part of my invention I place wedges or taper liners between
the standard or standards and the slides or guides which guide the tup or hammer-
head of a hammer or stamp. The said wedges or taper liners are made capable of
being adjusted lengthwise by screws and nuts so that when it may be necessary or
desirable the guides may be moved further away from the standard or standards on
which they are mounted. In most cases I should form the screws on prolongations
of the thinner ends of the wedges or taper liners. The slides or guides are bolted
firmly back against the wedges or inclined liners by strong bolts and nuts.
from use the faces of the slides or guides and of the tup or hammer-head become
worn the nuts upon the bolts by which the slides or guides are secured to the
standard or standards are slackened and the wedges or taper liners are moved
lengthwise to the extent necessary to prevent lateral movement of the tup or
hammer-head and then the nuts upon the bolts by which the slides or guides are
connected to the standard or standards of the hammer are tightened. The devices
in which this part of my invention consists are simple in construction and use, and
enable a very accurate adjustment of the slides or guides to be very readily
obtained without it being necessary to detach any of the parts to be adjusted or
any of the parts by which the adjustment is effected and the devices in which this
part of my invention consists are not liable to derangement or injury.
One method of carrying this part of my invention into effect is illustrated in
Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 of the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 5 is a side view, Fig. 6 a horizontal section, and Fig. 7 a front view,
illustrating the application of this part of my invention to a hammer or stamp in

page_text: which the tup slides or moves between slides or guides placed upon the opposed
ends of standards placed in line with one another.
Fig. 8 is a side view and Fig. 9 a horizontal section illustrating the application
of this part of my invention to a hammer or stamp in which the tup slides or moves
between slides or guides upon the adjacent faces of standards placed side by side and
parallel to each other or to a hammer or stamp in which the tap slides or moves
between slides or guides placed opposite to one another between and upon
projecting parts of one standard.
Although one slide or guide only is shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7 and one slide or
guide only is shown in Figs. 8 and 9 it will be obvious that two slides or guides are
used with each tup and I shall refer to two slides or guides and the standard or
standards by which they are supported as I may have occasion.
As except for the difference in the form of the standard or standards there is no
difference between Figs. 5 and 6, and Figs. 8 and 9, I will apply the same letters
of reference to corresponding parts in both sets of figures and describe them
together.
(n) are the slides or guides which are as is usual secured to the standard or
standards (m) by means of strong bolts (o) and nuts (¹). (p) (p) are wedges
or taper liners which are placed in recesses or guides formed in the standard
or standards (m). The inclined face (¹) of each wedge or taper liner (p) is
placed in contact with an inclined face (n) formed at the bottom or back of a
recess formed in the slide or guide (n) with which the said wedge or taper
liner (p) is employed. Upon a prolongation of each wedge or taper liner (p)
are formed screw-threads upon which are screwed nuts (³), washers (2) being
placed between the nuts (p³) and the adjacent faces of the standard (m) and
slide or guide (n). By the nuts (8) being screwed upon the prolongations of
the wedges or taper liners (P), the said wedges or taper liners (p) may be
caused at certain times as I will proceed to more fully explain, to force the
slides or guides (n) away from the standard or standards (m) upon which they are
mounted.
When from use the faces of the slides or guides (n) and the tup or hammer
head sliding between them become worn the nuts (o¹) upon the bolts (o) are
slackened and the nuts (p³) upon the prolongations of the wedges or taper
liners (p) are screwed further thereon so as to cause such wedges or taper
liners (p) to force the slides or guides (n) away from the standard or standards (m)
upon which they are mounted as far as may be necessary in order that the tup or
hammer head may again be properly guided by the slides or guides (u) and then the
nuts (o) are tightened upon the bolts (o) so as to again secure the slides firmly to
the standard or standards upon which they are mounted.
In Figs. 5, 7 and 8 I have shown the two wedges or taper liners (p) employed
with each slide or guide (n) as being moved by the nuts (p³) on the prolonga-
tions thereof in opposite directions but I arrange the wedges or taper liners in
other modes as may be desirable in different cases. It will be obvious that the
wedges or taper liners (p) will be made of different sizes and proportions as may
be necessary in accordance with the nature of the hammers or stamps in which
they are to be used and that it is not necessary that such wedges or taper liners (p)
should be placed in recesses in the slides and standards with which they are used
although it is advisable that they should be so placed in order that they may be
properly guided and be securely held in position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In a steam-hammer or steam-stamp or a hammer or stamp actuated by
compressed air, gas or other elastic fluid or vapour, a spring buffer arrangement,
adjustable in position so that the part of the buffer with which the piston of the
hammer or stamp comes into contact may be made to occupy different positions in

page_text: the cylinder of the hammer or stamp as the various operations to be performed by
the hammer or stamp may require, substantially in the manner hereinbefore
described.
2. In a steam-hammer or steam-stamp or a hammer or stamp actuated by com-
pressed air, gas or other elastic fluid or vapour, a spring buffer arrangement
connected to and supported by a cross-bar (") adjustable in position and capable of
being secured in different positions in order that the part of the buffer with which
the piston of the hammer or stamp comes into contact may be made to occupy
different positions in the cylinder of the hammer or stamp as the various operations
to be performed by the hammer or stamp may require substantially in the manner
hereinbefore described and illustrated in and by Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying
drawings.
3. In a steam-hammer or steam-stamp or a hammer or stamp actuated by com-
pressed air, gas or other elastic fluid or vapour, a spring buffer arrangement
adjustable in position so that the part of the buffer with which the piston of the
hammer or stamp comes into contact may be made to occupy different positions in
the cylinder of the hammer or stamp as the various operations to be performed by
the hammer or stamp may require and so made that the part (a) of the buffer
which passes into the interior of the cylinder is of a diameter equal to the interior
diameter of the cylinder and is formed with a flat side or groove in order to allow
steam or other elastic fluid or vapour to pass to act upon the piston of the
hammer or stamp substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore
described.
4. In a steam-hammer or stean-stamp or a hammer or stamp actuated by com-
pressed air, gas or other elastic fluid or vapour, in which the tup or hammer-head
moves between slides or guides, wedges or taper liners placed between the slides or
guides and the standard or standards of the hammer or stamp and capable of being
adjusted lengthwise by screws and nuts so that when necessary or desirable the
slides or guides may be moved further away from the said standard or standards
substantially in the manner hereinbefore described and illustrated in and by
Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Sixth day of March 1893
HOWARD CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.