Year: 1899

page_text: A communication from DR. WILLIAM P. DUNLANY, Physician, residing at 73,
Fourth Avenue, Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States of America.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County of London,
Chartered Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
<<
The invention is for a facsimile telegraph, or as it is preferably termed, a
facsimilegraph," for it is adapted to produce facsimile copies without regard
to the question of distance.
The invention is of that class of facsimile telegraphs wherein a message or
picture is transmitted by means of a stylus and a relatively moving surface which
make and break connections according to whether the stylus is on an insulating or
conducting portion of the surface. One object of the invention is to provide such
an instrument which may be used on an ordinary telegraph line (being switched
in in place of the Morse relay and key) or as a local copying instrument, and
which, while being simple in construction and not liable to get out of order, shall
be very efficient in operation, being sensitive enough to transmit the message
or picture as desired without being subject to being seriously interfered with
by weather or other disturbing conditions. Another object is to provide an
instrument which may transmit a picture itself, or the background not covered
by the picture, as desired, and which is adapted to produce the received picture
by a variety of methods each having its peculiar advantages as, for example, by
a direct mark, by the impression of a transfer sheet, by the intervention of a
mimeograph sheet, or in other suitable manner.
The invention consists in certain mechanisms by which these results are enabled
to be obtained, prominent among which are a continuously vibrating receiving
stylus adapted to be thrown into or out of operation by the making and breaking
of the main current; and unique and simple syncronizing mechanism. The
arrangement for transmitting the background of the picture instead of the picture
itself is likewise a portion of the invention: as is also the slip connection of the
revolving platen.
A suitable base carries in proper hearings a revolvable shaft which has between
the bearings a fine screw thread, and beyond one of the bearings an overhanging
portion which carries by a slip connection, to be hereinafter explained, a cylinder
or platen.
The shaft is adapted to be revolved by suitable means, as an electric motor
which is in gear with it preferably through an intermediate lay shaft.
A suitable platform or carriage is adapted to slide along the front of the base,
being suitably guided on the same and having one or more rollers to relieve its
friction. This platform is driven by the screw of the shaft, through the inter-
vention of an arm pivoted to the platform and having an overhanging end the
under surface of which has threads corresponding with the threads of the screw

page_text: with which they are adapted to engage. When in such engagement the arm
lies between a pair of lugs carried by the platform which prevent lateral movement
of the arm.
It will thus be seen that the end of the arm acts as a nut and when
the screw shaft is revolved the platform is thereby driven along the ways.
Carried by the platform is a suitable transmitting stylus mounted on insulated
post. This stylus is adapted to contact with the message or picture on the cylinder
at the transmitting end of the line and make or break the circuit by being in
contact with a conducting or insulating surface, but it may be turned back out
of the way to make room for the receiving stylus.
Carried by the platform is a vibrator which consists of a magnet and a lever
in series therewith, an armature carried by the lever, a suitably supported set
screw in series with the magnet through a battery, and a spring tending to draw
the lever away from the magnet, there being play enough so that the circuit is
made and broken at the point of the set screw as the armature recedes from and
approaches the magnet. The parts described co-operate, when the current is
passed through the magnet, to cause the vibration of the lever substantially in
the manner of a continuously vibrating bell-the current being broken at the set
screw as the lever reaches its upward position and being re-established when the
lever springs back.
The forward end of this vibrating lever is hinged to an arm from which pro-
jects a prong or stylus. When the arm is turned down so that it is a prolongation
of the lever, the point of the stylus is brought against the surface of the cylinder
or platen.
The arm is adapted to be turned away from the cylinder and thus swing the
stylus out of the way and allow the other stylus carried on the insulating post to
be turned into its place.
The other end of the vibrating lever is not pivoted on a stationary pivot but
to the arm of a bell crank lever, the other arm of which carries or constitutes
an armature for a relay magnet. This latter magnet is connected in the main
circuit, and when the current is flowing therein it draws the bell crank lever
toward it and this swings the pivot of the vibrating lever to such a point that
when this lever vibrates, under the influence of its magnet as described, the point
of the stylus is adapted to hit against the surface of the platen or the material
carried thereon; but when the current ceases through the relay, the spring acting
on the vibrating lever carries the parts into such position that, although the
fever continues to vibrate, the point of the stylus will not hit the platen; and
thus the relay governs the impression made on the platen, while this impression
always consists of a series of dots following in quick succession.
If some receptive material is placed about this platen, as for example, a sheet
of paper surrounded by a sheet having a coating of carbon or other transferring
material, and the mechanism set in operation, as long as the current flows through
the relay the continuous blows of the stylus will make a dotted line on the paper,
and when the current stops through the relay this line will cease.
The current through the relay is governed by the message or picture on the
cylinder at the transmitting end of the line. This message or picture consists
of insulating lines on a conducting background, or conducting lines on an insula-
ting background.
An electrical connection leads from the transmitting stylus to the main line.
while the conducting portion of the surface of the message on the cylinder is
connected to the ground or return wire: and thus the current on the main line
is made or broken according to the picture or message on the transmitting cylinder
and this make or break operates upon the receiving relay, making a similar
message or picture on the receiving cylinder. but the lines being dotted instead
of solid. The vibrator may operate so rapidly that these dots are close enougli
together to form a substantially continuous line: though in some work, for
example, in the transmission of a portrait, it may be preferably to have the dots
far enough apart to give a distinctly stipple effect to the picture,

page_text: The current may be carried to the different parts on the platform by either a
flexible cable containing a number of wires, or by a series of conductors exposed
on their upper surface and adapted to be engaged by corresponding brushes on
the under side of the platform.
The cylinder or platen is removably supported on the overhanging end of the
screw threaded shaft. Loosely surrounding this overhanging end beyond the
bearing is a plate having a flange surrounded by insulated material. A spring
is adapted to be pressed against this plate more or less tightly by a suitable ad-
justing nut which surrounds the shaft and revolves with it; and thus the plate
is frictionally connected with the shaft and will slip when held with the desired
force. Taking onto the insulating sleeve which surrounds the flange of this plate is
the cylinder or platen. The outer end of the cylinder at the extremity of the shaft
is supported by a suitable insulating thimble which surrounds the shaft, the
thimble being preferably much smaller than the head at the inner end, and the
cylinder having an end which carries a flange surrounding a central opening which
takes around this insulating thimble.
A syncronizing mechanism is provided in order that the cylinder at one end of
the line may not get ahead of that at the other. This operates once a revolution
to hold up the cylinder which is ahead. This is provided by having
a detent
leyer which operates to engage a notch or projection on either the plate on the
shaft or the insulating sleeve surrounding that plate. This insulating sleeve
has a small portion of its periphery interrupted by a metallic piece connected
with the metallic plate, and the metallic plate has a corresponding though some-
what larger portion of its periphery interrupted by an insulating block. The
current which passes from the message on the cylinder at the transmitting end,
or the relay at the receiving end, to the ground, passes by a divided circuit partly
to a brush which bears on the metallic plate referred to, and partly through a
magnet to another brush which bears on the insulating sleeve. This latter magnet
operates the detent lever which normally stands in the path of rotation of the
projection revolving with the cylinder.
Now the current Hows to the ground for the most part of the revolution through
the brush which is on the metallic plate, but, when that brush comes on the in-
sulated block set into that plate, the only path which is left for the current is
through the detent magnet to the other brush which may stand on the metallic
picce interrupting the insulating ring. If the machines at the two ends of the
line are in exactly the same position their two brushes which ordinarily bear on
the insulating rings will be on the small metallic parts at the same time, and
thus the current is established and the detent magnets are energized and with-
draw their detents from the path of the cylinders and allow them to revolve.
If, however, one cylinder is ahead of the other there can be no complete circuit,
and the ahead cylinder will be held up by its detent until the other arrives at
the same position, when the two detents will be simultaneously withdrawn, and
the two cylinders revolved together. The motor governs the cylinders closely
enough so that the brush on the insulating ring at one end of the line will not
come onto the metallic portion thereof until the brush at the other end of the
line which is on the metallic plate comes onto the insulating interruption.
Suitable switches, batteries, and ordinary Morse telegraph instruments are
provided so that the main line may either operate the ordinary Morse instruments
or may be connected to receive or transmit with the facsimile instruments. When
it is receiving, the small battery which ordinarily works locally between the Morse
relay and the Morse sounder may be used to operate the vibrator magnet. If
the transmitting message consists of metallic lines on an insulating background,
the receiving stylus will make lines corresponding to the transmitting lines; if
however, the transmitting message consists of insulating lines on a metallic back-
ground, the receiving stylus would make lines corresponding to the background
of the picture transmitted. This is sometimes desirable, and sometimes not.
In the latter case another relay magnet is provided which, when the transmitting

page_text: message opens the main line closes the local line through the relay which governs
the position of the vibrating lever, and when the main line is closed at the trans-
mitting cylinder, opens such local line.
With this complete installation, the operator at the transmitting end calls up
the operator at the receiving end on the Morse system, and notifies him that he
is about to transmit a message and instructs him whether to take it direct or
reversed. The receiving operator sets his instrument accordingly, and the message
is transmitted in either manner desired. At the completion of the message the
Morse instruments are switched back into line, and the receiving operator notifies
the sending operator of the correct reception of the message.
Dated this 21st day of March 1899.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
A communication from WILLIAM P. DUNLANY, Physician, of 73, Fourth Avenue,
Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States of America.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County of London,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
-
The invention is for a facsimile telegraph, or as it is preferably termed, a
facsimilegraph," for it is adapted to produce facsimile copies without regard
to tlie question of distance.
The invention is of that class of facsimile telegraphs wherein a message or
picture is transmitted by means of a stylus and a relatively moving surface which
make and break connectings according to whether the stylus is on an insulating or
conducting portion of the surface. One object of the invention is to provide such
an instrument which may be used on an ordinary telegraph line (being switched
in in place of the Morse relay and key) or as a local copying instrument, and
which, while being simple in construction and not liable to get out of order, shall
be very efficient in operation, being sensitive enough to transmit the message
or picture as desired without being subject to being seriously interfered with
by weather or other disturbing conditions. Another object is to provide an
instrument which may transmit a picture itself, or the background not covered
by the picture, as desired, and which is adapted to produce the received picture
by a variety of methods each having its peculiar advantages as, for example, by
a direct mark, by the impression of a transfer sheet, by the intervention of a
mimeograph sheet, or in other suitable manner.
The invention consists in certain mechanisms by which these results are enabled
to be obtained, prominent among which are a continuously vibrating receiving
stylus adapted to be thrown into or out of operation by the making and breaking
of the main current; and unique and simple synchronizing mechanism. The
arrangement for transmitting the background of the picture instead of the
picture itself is likewise a portion of the invention. The construction and arrange-
ment of parts shown in the drawing is also part of the invention, and, in
general, the invention may be said to consist in the combinations of parts herein-
after described and definitely enumerated in the claims, though it is not intended
- that there shall be a limitation to the specific construction shown (except in

page_text: those claims necessitating such interpretation), as numerous modifications within
the invention will suggest themselves to one skilled in this art.
The drawings clearly disclose the invention. Figure 1 is a perspective view
of the instrument; Figure 2 is a transverse section on the line 2 of Figure 1,
locking toward the left of that figure; Figure 3 is an enlarged plan of the carriage
or platform and its attached parts, showing also, in section, a portion of the
message cylinder; Figure 4 is an enlarged longitudinal diametric section of the
message cylinder; Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view of the apparatus and an
ordinary Morse telegraph system and the proper electrical conductors, a switch
of the controller type being shown for establishing the connections. The same
letters of reference designate the same parts in each figure.
Referring to the parts by letters, A represents the base of the instrument.
Carried by this base is a revolvable shaft B journalled in suitable bearings a u¹.
This shaft has between its bearings a fine screw thread, as shown, and has beyond
the bearing a an overhanging portion which carries by a slipable connection
(to be hereinafter explained) the cylinder or platen C.
The shaft B is adapted to be revolved by suitable means, that shown being an
electric motor 1 having a pinion d on its armature shaft in mesh with a spur
gear e on a lay shaft E to which shaft is secured a pinion e meshing with the
sur gear secured to the shaft B. Thus the revolution of the motor armature
revolves the shaft B at a much reduced speed.
Frepresents a platform or carriage adapted to slide along the front of the base A
said carriage being guided along the base by the V-guide a² over which take
corresponding grooves in feet f depending from the carriage. One or more
rollers f carried by this platform track on the base and partly support the plat-
form and relieve sliding friction. The platform is adapted to be driven by the
shaft B through the intervention of the arm G pivoted to the platform and having
an over-hanging end g, the under surface of which has threads corresponding
to the threads of the screw with which they are adapted to engage.
When in
such engagement the arm G lies between a pair of lugs f carried by the platform,
which prevent lateral movement of the arm. It will thus be seen that the end
of the arm acts as a nut, and that when the shaft B is revolved the platform is
thereby driven along the ways. The direction of the revolution and threads is
such, in the instrument shown specifically in the drawings, that the platform
is driven positively from left to right; and when it reaches the extreme right
hand position, it may be returned to its initial position by hand by lifting the
arm G and shoving the platform along its ways.
Carried by the platform F is the transmitting stylus Q pivotally mounted on
the insulated post . This stylus is adapted to contact with the message on the
cylinder at the transmitting end of the line and make or break the circuit by
being in contact with a conducting or an insulating surface, but it may be turned
back out of the way to make room for the receiving stylus, as shown in the drawing
where the instrument is represented as receiving.
Carried by the platform is a vibrator which consists of a magnet H and lever J
in series therewith, an armature carried by the lever, a suitably supported set
screw in series with the magnet H through a battery, and a spring L tending
to draw the lever away from the magnet, there being play enough so that the
circuit is made and broken at the point of the set screw as the armature recedes
from and approaches the magnet. A flat spring secured to the lever J and
bearing against the set screw K allows the lever J to be in electrical connection
with the set screw until the armature is nearly at the limit of its movement
toward the magnet. The spring L is stronger than the spring and thus retracts
the lever J from the magnet substantially its whole play when there is no current.
The parts described therefore co-operate when the current is passed through the
magnet to cause the vibration of the lever J substantially in the manner of a con-
tinuous-vibration bell, the current being broken between the set screw and

page_text: spring as the lever J reaches its inward position, and being re-established when
the lever springs backward under the action of the spring L.
The forward end of the lever J has hinged to it an arm M, from which projects
a prong or stylus m. When the arm M is turned down in the position shown in
the drawing, so that it is a straight extension of the lever J, the point of the
stylus may be brought against the surface of the cylinder C; while the arm M
is adapted to be turned up at right angles to the lever J, thereby swinging the
stylus out of the way.
"The rear end of the lever J is not pivoted on a stationary pivot, but to an arm
of a bell crank lever N, the other arm of which carries or constitutes an arma-
ture for a magnet P. The latter magnet we call the relay of the facsimile system,
and it is adapted to be connected in the main circuit. When a current is flowing
from the main circuit through this relay, it draws the bell crank lever N into the
position shown in solid lines in Figure 3. This swings the pivot of the lever J
to such a point that when this lever vibrates under the influence of the vibrator
as described, the point of the stylus is adapted to hit against the surface of the
platen, but when the current ceases through the relay, the spring L swings the
parts into the position shown in dotted lines in Figure 3, and then, although the
lever continues to vibrate, the point of the stylus m will not hit the platen.
Thus the relay governs the impression made on the platen, while this impression
always consists of a series of blows following in very quick succession.
If some receptive material is placed about this platen, for example, a sheet of
paper surrounded by a sheet having a coating of carbon or other transfer material,
and the mechanism set in operation, as long as the current flows through the relay,
the continuous blows of the stylus will make a dotted line on the paper, and when
the current stops through the relay this line will cease.
The current through the relay is governed by the message or picture on the
cylinder at the transmitting end of the line. This message or picture consists
of insulating lines on a conducting background or conducting lines on an insu-
lating background. The circuit leading from the conducting portion of such
picture is completed in one direction by a suitable brush, as the brush carried
on a suitably insulated standard W, and in the other direction by the transmitting
stylus. All the instruments on the line are exactly the same and may operate
either as receivers or as transmitters; and the transmitting stylus is that already
referred to and designated Q in the drawings. The stylus is there shown as
turned back out of use, the instrument being in receiving position, but when trans-
mitting the arm M and its stylus point mare turned up into an approximately
vertical position and out of the way, and the stylus Q is turned over through 180°
to occupy the position which the stylus m had. An electric connection leads from
the post to the main line, the conducting portion of the surface of the message
on the cylinder being in series with the other end of the main line; the current
on the main line is thus made or broken according to the picture or message on
the transmitting cylinder, and this making or breaking operating on the relay
makes a similar message or picture on the receiving cylinder, the lines being dotted
instead of solid. The vibrator may operate so rapidly that these dots are close
enough together to form a substantially continuous line, though in some work
(for example, in the transmission of a protrait) it is preferable to have the dots
far enough apart to give a distinctly stipple effect to the received picture.
The current is carried to the different points on the platform by suitable means,
that shown being a series of conductors extending longitudinally beneath the
platform and connecting each with a binding post carried by the frame. These
conductors are properly insulated from each other and are exposed on their upper
surface, with which surface brushes carried on the under side of the platform
contact: These brushes are suitably insulated from the platen and connected with
the two terminals of the relay, with one terminal of the vibrator, with the set
screw, and with the transmitting stylus post, the other terminal to the vibrator
being connected with the armature lever J. In place of the conductors O and the

page_text: prusnes 7", a flexible cable might be provided for carrying the current to the
different points on the platform.
The manner in which the cylinder C is supported on the overhanging end of
the shaft B will now be described. On this overhanging end, beyond the bear-
ing a¹, is carried a sleeve S. Snugly surrounding this sleeve, but adapted to
revolve thereon, is the plates having the inwardly extending flange s'. Surround-
ing the sleeve S and revolving therewith, is the sleeves having spring arms
which are adapted to bear against the plates, a rubber ring being preferably
set into that plate to receive the arms and furnish suitable friction therewith.
These arms are forced against the ring with desired pressure by means of a
nut screwed onto the sleeve S. When the parts are properly adjusted there is
so much friction between the spring arms and the plates that the latter revolves
when the shaft revolves, but if the plate is held against revolution, the shaft may
continue to revolve, the spring arm 3 slipping over the surfaces. Surrounding
the flange is a sleeve of insulation and over a portion of this is a metallic
protecting sheaths. The flange s¹, insulating sleeve or ring 6, and the protecting
sheath are all rigid together.
The
The cylinder Chas one end which is open and which is adapted to be slipped over
the metallic sheaths and fit snugly around it and be supported by it.
exposed end of the sheath is turned inward toward the shaft as shown, to allow
the cylinder to be easily slipped over it. The outer end of this cylinder has
secured to it a head c, which head has an opening through its center and a flange el
surrounding that opening. This flange, when the cylinder is in position,
surrounds an insulating sleeve T which surrounds a thimble t, which thimble
surrounds the shaft B between the collar thereon and the washer held around
the shaft by the nut. The thimble is thus prevented from longitudinal dis-
placement, but may be revolved on the shaft. With the parts in normal position,
as shown in Figure 4, if the shaft is revolved the cylinder (will be normally
revolved with it, but if the plates is held against the revolution, the cylinder is
also held and the shaft revolves without transmitting motion to the cylinder.
The cylinder may be removed over the end of the shaft, without displacing the
parts..
As has been stated, the shaft B may be revolved without transmitting motion
to the cylinder, if the plates is held against revolution. The synchronizing
mechanism is adapted to so hold this plate when the shaft is revolving too rapidly.
This mechanism consists of and operates as.follows: a detent U is pivotally sup-
ported on a suitably insulated standard so as to have its point bear on the exposed
periphery of the insulating rings, being pressed toward that ring by a spring u,
and carrying an armature of a magnet ² which latter when energized over-
comes the force of the spring u. A notch 8 is formed in the periphery of the
insulating rings at some point, and at this point a projection on the plate s
extends up into the insulating ring and has an exposed edge adapted to contact
with the detent U when the latter is at the bottom of the notch 8. An insulating
lock 10 is set into the periphery of the plates in such position that a brush,
carried by a suitably insulated standard V and bearing on the metallic periphery
of the plate s. is thrown out of contact with such metallic periphery just as the
letent enters the notch and is adapted to be on that block, and hence out of con-
act with the plates, when the detent is in contact with such plate through the
projection $9.
The plates is electrically connected (preferably through the bearings of the
haft B) with the main line, and the main circuit in leading to that plate divides
nto two paths, one path leading through the magnet to the detent U and the
ther path to the brush. During the larger portion of the revolution of the
vlinder, the current is passing by the latter path. When the notch 8, however,
omes opposite the point of the detent, the latter springs down into the notch in
position to intercept the movement of the plates, at the same time the brush v
omes onto the insulating block, and the circuit is broken through the brush,

page_text: but the shaft B revolves the plates until the projections contacts with the detent.
If, now, the line is otherwise closed, the circuit will pass through the magnet u,
through the detent and through the projection to the plates and from thence
through the bearings and out. The circuit will not be closed at all other points,
however, unless the cylinder at the other end of the line is in unison with the
cylinder at this end; for, supposing the motor at the other end to be running
slightly slower than that at this end, then when the detent comes in contact
with the projection the detent at the other end of the line will be out of contact
and the circuit will be broken. The detent U will therefore restrain the plate s
until the projection at the other end of the line comes against its detent, when
the circuit will be completed and both detents will be withdrawn by their magnets
and the revolution of the cylinders will continue. The motors are intended to
be governed by suitable rheostats and the cylinders will not vary enough on one
revolution so that one brush at one end of the line will be in contact with the
metallic periphery of the plate s. while the detent U is in contact with the pro-
jection at the other end. If desired, there may be several of these notches 88,
projections and. insulating blocks $10, instead of one, thus resulting in synchro-
nizing the cylinders oftener than once a revolution. This would produce a finer
regulation, but for ordinary purposes, once a revolution is as often as necessary.
Eight binding posts designated 01 to 08 inclusive are shown at the end of the
frame in Figure 1; of these 01 to 0 inclusive are connected as already described
to the different parts carried by the platform and the post 06 leads to the
synchronizer, that is, the conductor, leading from it divides and passes to one
terminal of the magnet and to the bracket carrying the brush r, said two parts
being thus in parallel, the other terminal of the magnet 2 being connected with
the post which supports the detent. The binding post 07 is connected to the in-
sulated standard W, which carries a brush hearing against the message on the
cylinder and thus adapted to complete the circuit from the transmitting stylus
through the conducting part of the message. This brush may bear directly
against the cylinder, and the conductive portion of the message be in contact or
electrical connection with the cylinder. The last binding post 08 is connected
directly to the frame and is the terminal for the plate s.
Referring now more particularly to Figure 5, the electrical connections of the
apparatus will be explained when connected up for receiving, for transmitting
from insulating lines on conducting material and from conducting lines on in-
sulating material, and will show how the apparatus is adapted to be used on an
ordinary Morse system by simply switching out that system. At the right hand
of this figure is seen a switch of the controller type, consisting of the contact
fingers to 4 inclusive, and the contact plates y to 12 inclusive, on a relatively
movable body, adapted to stand in four positions. the first of which is for the
ordinary Morse telegraph, and the other three for the fac simile system, according
to whether a message is being received, is being transmitted directly, or trans-
mitted reversed.
Figure 5 illustrates the various devices and connections necessary for these
different operations. The parts appearing in this figure, and not in the preceding
figures are, in addition to the switch referred to, the following: The main battery,
the battery for the motor. and the battery for the vibrator, designated respec-
tively, 772; the Morse key, the Morse relay, the Morse sounder, designated
respectively 73. 7, 7 the rheostat 7 for governing the motor; the ground
connection 77 from the main line, the reversing coil R with its armature r.
spring and stop 2, and the various lines to inclusive. Of these latter ª
is the main line to the switch, the main line from the apparatus through the
main battery to the ground. The remaining lines referred to rad from the
various contact fingers to parts of the apparatus as follows: to the Morse key
and thence to the Morse relay to the point of the reversing coil, to the
Morse sounder through the armature of the Morse relay, to the motor battery 7.
to the motor, to the armature of the reversing coil, 8 to the binding post Q6

page_text: and thence to the synchronizer, to the binding post 03 and thence to the fac-
simile relay P, 10 to the binding post O and thence to the brush wand the
message on the cylinder C, to the reversing coil R, 2 to the vibrator bat-
tery Z to the binding post 05 and thence to the vibrator H, to the binding
post O and thence to the vibrator point K. The other binding posts of Figure 1
are shown at 01, 02 and 08 where the apparatus connects with the reversing coil,
its armature, and the return main line.
The connections appearing in the diagram not passing through binding posts 01
to 08 are extranseous of the instrument as shown in Figure 1, being the various
connections of the allied devices.
Suppose the switch to be in position No. 1, wherefore contact fingers a¹ and ²
are in engagement with the plate y¹ and contact fingers and are in engage-
ment with plate 2 and the other contact fingers are out of engagement. The
current comes in from the main line to contact finger, to plate y, to contact
finger al, to the Morse key; from thence to the Morse relay and out to the main
line again while the local circuit starts with the armature of the Morse relay,
passes to contact finger, plate y², contact finger a, to the battery, thence to
the Morse sounder; thence to the contact point with which the relay armature
contacts when drawn toward the relay magnet. We have here, therefore the
ordinary Morse system with the rest of the apparatus out of use.
If the switch stands in position No. 2, the contact fingers and are con-
nected together, likewise the fingers and a 8 and 9, 12 and 13, by means
of the contact plates y³, y', y y respectively. The result of this is that the main
line current from contact finger 2 passes to the finger of the facsimile line to
the facsimile relay (there being no current in the reversing coil R to be herein-
after explained, and its armature r, under the influence of the spring r¹, therefore
leaving the line closed, from the facsimile main line through the armature of the
facsimile relay), from the facsimile relay the current passes to contact finger, to
plate to contact finger a8, whence it passes by the divided path explained
through the synchronizer to the frame of the machine and thence to the ground.
In the meantime a local circuit is established from the set screw to the vibrator
through the battery 22 to the contact finger 12, to plate y, to contact finger 13,
to the magnet of the vibrator, to the armature of the vibrator. This local circuit
is alternately opened and closed by itself, as heretofore explained, and the stylus
which it thus vibrates is adapted to impinge against the receptive sheet on the
cylinder whenever the main circuit is closed. In this position of the switch,
therefore, the facsimile instrument is receiving, the cylinder being revolved by
the motor which is now on a closed local circuit extending from one brush of the
motor to the contact finger 6, to the plate y, to contact finger a, to the battery z
to the rheostat, and from thence to the other brush of the motor.
When the plates are in position No. 3, the main line is connected to the fac
simile line and the motor is connected on its closed circuit as before, but contact
finger is connected with contact finger al via the plates y7 and 8 and their
connection and the remaining fingers are out of action. The current then passes
from the fac simile line to the transmitting stylus, from there to the message,
from the message to the brush, from the brush to the finger 10, from there to
fingers, and from there through the synchronizer to the main line. This is the
position which the parts have when it is desired to transmit the metallic part of
the sheet, as when the transmitting picture is composed of metallic lines on an
insulating background.
If it is desired to transmit the insulating part of the sheet, the switch is turned
to position No. 4. In this position the fac simile line and main line are connected
as before, and the motor is connected as before, but contact finger 28 (the syn-
chronizer terminal) is connected by the plate y with the finger which leads to
the armaturer of the reversing coil. This armature is of any suitable construction
and is normally drawn upward against a contact point 2 (connected with the
main facsimile line) by a spring r¹, and adapted to be drawn downward by the

page_text: magnet or reversing coil R. It therefore follows that when there is no current
through the reversing coil, the main line is connected direct to the synchronizer,
but when there is a current through the reversing coil, the main line is broken
at its armature. The circuit from the reversing coil extends to the transmitting
stylus, to the message, to the brush, to contact finger 10, via plates y and
y and their connection, to contact finger, through the battery to contact
finger, to plate yll, to contact finger, to the other terminal of the reversing
coil. The reversing coil is thus placed on a closed circuit through the battery
and the message and operates to open the main line when the local circuit
is closed and to allow the main line to close when the local circuit is open
The result of this is that, if the message consists of insulating lines on a con-
ducting surface, when the conducting surface is being traced the main line will
be open but when the stylus strikes the line of the message the main line is closed.
This, therefore, transmits reversed, and is used, for example, when the message
or picture is of black insulation on a light sheet, thus producing the same effect
in the received picture. For certain purposes it will be desirable to transmit
direct, and for other purposes to transmit with the parts reversed as stated, and
we have therefore devised the system described.
In operation, the sending operator removes the cylinder from his instrument,
secures the message upon it and replaces the cylinder or simply slips his message
in the form of a tube over the end of the cylinder (the cylinder if desired being
slightly tapered to cause a tight fit) he then turns his transmitting stylus so as to
contact with the message, and with the swifch in position No. 1 calls up on the
Morse instrument the operator who is to receive the message. The latter turns
his receiving stylus into position and answers that he is ready to receive the
message, whereupon he turns his switch into position No. 2. The sending operator
turns his switch into position No. 3 and No. 4, according to whether he is trans-
mitting direct or reversed, and when the platform has completed its movement
along the cylinder, the message or picture has been transmitted. The operators
then return their switches to position No. 1, and the receiving operator acknow-
ledges the proper receipt of the message. The platforms of the two instruments
are then returned by hand to their normal positions and the instruments are ready
for the next transmission.
The message has been spoken of as being received by the impressions of a carbon
sheet on the receiving cylinder. It is to be understood that this is simply one
of many methods which may be used. The stylus might itself be a pencil point,
or in place of a carbon sheet there might be a mimeograph sheet, or the vibra-
tions of the stylus may produce the picture in any other desired manner. Like-
wise the ultimate picture may be produced on the material held on the platen,
or the blows of the stylus may simply produce an intermediate sheet from which
the ultimate picture is to be developed by some suitable method.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. The combination of a suitable platen, a suitably supported stylus, mechanism
adapted to give the stylus a continuous vibration, an electro magnet, means
actuated thereby for changing the position of the path in which the stylus vibrates,
and mechanism for giving the stylus and platen a movement past each other in
two directions at an angle to each other, substantially as described.
2. In combination, a revolving cylinder, a continuously vibrating stylus swing.
ing in an arc about a suitable center and adapted to impinge against receptive
material carried by said cylinder, there being provision for relative longitudinal
movement between the cylinder and stylus, an electro magnet operating to
change the center about which said stylus swings in its vibration whereby said
magnet determines whether such vibration will impinge upon the receptive
material, substantially as described.
3. In combination, a cylinder adapted to be continuously revolved, a platform

page_text: adapted to travel along the side of the same, there being mounted on said plat-
form, (1st) a lever carrying a stylus, (2nd) an electro magnet connected in a local
circuit and adapted to vibrate said lever, (3rd) a magnet connected in the main
circuit, said letter magnet adapted to cause change of position of the pivot of the
vibrating lever whereby the stylus in its vibration may or may not impinge against
the receptive surface, substantially as described.
4. In combination, a cylinder adapted to be continuously revolved, a platform
adapted to travel along the side of the same, a vibrating lever carried by said
platform, electrically actuated means for governing the vibration of said lever,
a stylus hinged to said lever, a second stylus hinged on a pivot stationary with
respect to said platform, the location of said styluses being such that either may
contact with a surface carried by said cylinder at substantially the same point,
either being adapted to be swung out of the way to make room for the other,
substantially as described.
5. In combination, a magnet H, a lever J carrying an armature 1, a suitable
stop as a set screw K, limiting the movement of the lever away from the magnet,
a bell crank lever N having an arm pivoted to the lever J and the other arm acting
as or carrying an armature, an electro magnet P in suitable position to attract
said last mentioned armature, a point carried by said lever J and adapted to cause
a mark on a suitably held receptive surface by its vibration when the magnet P
has drawn its armature toward itself, otherwise said lever J and point to vibrate
idly, and means for causing relative movement between said point and said
receptive surface, substantially as described.
6. In combination, a frame, the shaft suitably journalled therein, said shaft
having an overhanging portion b, a plate s surrounding the shaft and adapted
to rotate around the same, spring arms compelled to rotate with the shaft and
bearing with an adjustable pressure on the plates whereby the latter is normally
revolved by the shaft but may be held against revolution therewith, a cylinder C
connected at one end with said plate and revolving with it, said cylinder being
unobstructed at its peripheral line, at the other end, whereby a message tube may
be slipped over it, substantially as described.
86
7. In combination, the shaft B having the overhanging portion b, the sleeve $
secured to the shaft, the plate s surrounding the sleeve, the insulating ring
carried by said plate, the sleeves surrounding the sleeve S and having spring
arms bearing against the plates, the nut adapted to adjust the pressure of
said spring arms, and the cylinder C carried at one end by the said plate s outside
of said insulating ring and at the other end by the shaft b and another insulating
ring, substantially as described.
8. The combination of a telegraph line; a Morse set of instruments, including
a key, relay, and a local circuit containing a local battery and governed by said
relay a facsimile set of instruments including a platen, a receiver, a relay for
governing the same, a motor for causing relative movement between the receiver
and the platen; and suitable switch mechanism adapted to disconnect the Morse
system and connect its local battery with an electrically operated part of the
facsimile system, substantially as described.
9. The syncronizing mechanism, substantially as herein shown and described.
10. The method of receiving fac-simile impressions, substantially as herein
shown and described.
11. The slip connection, substantially as herein shown, between the cylinder
and its shaft.
12. The arrangement of facsimile telegraph and Morse telegraph and switches,
substantially as herein shown and described.
Dated this 21st day of December 1899.
BOULT, WADE & AILDURA,
Agents for the Applicant.