Year: 1886

page_text: I, KENNETH THOMAS SUTHERLAND of No. 68 Queen Street Hulme in the City
of Manchester & County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It consists in treating milk of every description, with a coagulating agent, as
salt of lead, alumina &c but I give the preference to sugar of lead, that will cause
the milk to precipitate in a coagulated or granulated form. The precipitate is to
be used as an ingredient in place of tallow or other softenings for sizing yarn and
also in place of softening paste or soap for finishing calicoes fustians &c-It can
also be combined with glycerine &c. If found more convenient the milk &
coagulating agent can be mixed with the size, & all worked together, instead
of adding the milk in a coagulated state. The advantage I claim for my inven-
tion is-That it will give the yarn so sized a firmer feel, & will make it more open,
and therefore more easily woven-For piece goods, it will give, in many cases, a
fuller feel than is done by the ingredients now in use.

page_text: An Improved Material for Sizing Yarn and for Finishing
Piece-goods.
I KENNETH THOMAS SUTHERLAND of No. 68 Queen Street Hulme in the City
of Manchester in the County of Lancaster Manufacturing Chemist do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for AN IMPROVED MATERIAL FOR SIZING
YARN & FOR FINISHING PIECE-GOODS and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My Invention consists of treating Milk with a coagulating or precipitating agent,
such as a Salt of Lead Zinc or Alumina &c, but I give the preference to Chloride of
Zinc it being a powerful antiseptic. I use Buttermilk in preference to either New
or Skimmed Milk & I make up for the fatty matter extracted from it by the addition
of Glycerine, by which I gain a better material for the work required.
My mode of working the milk is as follows, namely, to every gallon of Butter-
milk which I work hot-I add say about six ounces of liquid Chloride of Zinc,
standing at about 90 T, which precipitates the solid matter contained in the milk,
I then decant the liquor & place the residuum on filters to drain, & if after that
there is more water than is desired--left in the precipitate-I place the latter in
a cloth or cloths, & put it into a press & squeeze the mass till it is a firm moist
body I then remove the cloth or cloths, & add to every three parts of the precipi-
tate one part of Glycerine but the proportions may be varied according to the class
of work required.
This composition I consider better & safer than greases for sizing yarn for Cotton-
goods for the Eastern Markets, where there is a chance of mildew occurring in the
goods, as the precipitate will mix with the Chloride of Zinc used in the size & thus
prevent mildew in the cloth. About the same quantity of the precipitate to be
used as the tallow which it takes the place of
For light or ordinary sizing the precipitate can be used with tallow or softening
greases; about one half of tallow to one half of the precipitate & the yarn so sized
will weave better & the feel of the cloth will be improved.
If so desired, the milk & the coagulating agent & the Glycerine can be mixed
with the size for light work but not for heavy sizing, as the ordinary materials
used with the size, being too harsh & strong will render the precipitate tough &
hard instead of soft-As the precipitate mixed with the glycerine improves with
keeping, getting more mellow with age, I prefer to add the milk in a precipitated
form to the size.
The precipitate can be substituted for softening paste, or soap now used for
piece-goods finished with flour; the same quantity of precipitate being used as of
softening paste, and the cloth so treated will be found to have a more leathery feel.
Where the precipitate is used as a softening for piece-goods finished with Epsom
Salts, about seven pounds of the precipitate to thirty gallons of Epsom Salts
liquor standing at about 50 T will be found a good finish, but the quantity of the
precipitate can be altered according to the finish required.

page_text: Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said
Invention & in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is-
That my Invention consists of treating Milk with a coagulating or precipitating
agent & using the precipitate thus formed as an ingredient in place of or in con-
junction with Tallow, Glycerine, or other softening Greases for sizing yarn & as a
softening for piece-goods finished with Epsom Salts & in lieu of softening paste or
soap for flour-finished Piece-goods, in the manner & more particularly herein before
set forth and described.
D