Improvements in Apparatus for Sterilising Water.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Sterilising Water.
We, MAICHE LIMITED, of No. 4, St. Mary Axe, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention (as communicated to us from abroad
by Louis Maiche, of 368,, Rue St. Honoré, Paris, France, Engineer) to be as
follows:-
In the Specification No. 5007 of 1897 is described apparatus for sterilising
water by heating it to a temperature sufficient to kill the bacilli, and subse-
quently cooling it, the process being conducted in closed vessels so that the
cooled water retains in solution all the air and gases which it originally contained.
The present invention relates to improvements in the construction and arrange-
ment of apparatus of this kind and more especially in appliances combined with
it for automatically regulating the supply of water and the heat.
The construction and operation of the apparatus will be understood by refer
ence to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section and Fig. 2 is a sectional plan.
Fig. 3 is a section of the regulator drawn to an enlarged scale.
The apparatus comprises three main parts, a heater A, a casing B containing
a double coil of concentric pipes, and a casing C containing a set of tubes.
The heater A is a vessel surrounded by a helical flue a within a partition a¹
so that the hot products of combustion from a gas burner G or other suitable
source of heat, after ascending helically around a descend the annular space
between a and the outer casing a² and pass away by a chimney.
The double pipe consisting of two concentric pipes the one within the other
has a descending limb leading to the lowest convolution of an inner coil 6¹
which, at the top is connected to the highest convolution of an outer coil b2.
All the spaces in B between the coils and their convolutions are filled with
material which is a bad conductor of heat, such for instance as slag wool.
From the lowest convolution of the outer coil b2 the concentric pipes lead
separately, the one c to the lower part of the vessel C, and the other d to a
chamber which communicates by the vertical tubes d' with an upper chamber E
in which are arranged a number of plates e having holes through them so situated
that no hole in any plate is in the same vertical line with holes in the plate next
above and below it.
The plates e are strung on a central rod with washers as distance pieces
between them, and they can all be lifted out on removing the cover of E.
Instead of perforated plates, suitable material in other forms may be used,
presenting interstices for passage of the water.
From the upper part of the vessel C a pipe leads to nearly the bottom
of the heater A, and from the chamber E a pipe 2 connects to the top of the
heater A.
The vessel C is enclosed in a casing c¹ filled with material which is a bad
conductor of heat.

page_text: Besides the main parts of the apparatus above described there is a regulator K
for automatically regulating the heat and the supply of water.
It comprises two vessels k³ covered by corrugated elastic diaphragms like
those employed for aneroid barometers.
urged
Each of those diaphragms is connected by a stem to a lever arm
downwards by springs, the ends of these arms rest on the stem of a valve in a
box L having an inlet connected by a pipe to the inner of the concentric
pipes of the coil, and having from its outlet a pipe by which the sterilised
water is drawn off. On the arm is a blade spring immediately under the stem
of a valve in a box M having an inlet connected to the gas supply m and an
outlet connected by a pipe m to the burner G. The vessel is connected by
a pipen to a closed vessel N immersed in the water in the heater A. The
vessel is connected to the water supply pipe H.
All the pipe connections are preferably made with unions so as to be readily
separable for cleaning or repair.
The apparatus operates as follows.―
Water supplied from an elevated cistern or from a water main through a
suitable pressure reducing valve, and passing if desired through a filter, enters
by the pipe H the outer of the two concentric pipes and after flowing through
the coils passes by the pipe c to the casing C in which it ascends around the
tubes d. From the top of C the water partially heated flows by the pipe d²
to the heater A in which it is farther heated.
From A the heated water flows to the compartment E and in passing through
the holes of the plates c in a zig-zag course, deposits on these plates, or their
equivalent, matters suspended in the water, which continues its flow througli
the tubes down to D thence by the pipe d to the inner pipe of the coils in B,
and being finally discharged by the pipe after passing through the valve
box L and the pipe when a regulator is employed. Thus the cold water,
while it passes through the coils in B and the vessel C becomes gradually heated
while it cools the heated water, and the heated water conversely becomes gradually
cooled while it heats the cold water, the interchange of heat being such that
very little additional heating is required to be imparted in the heater A except
such as is necessary to make up for losses by radiation and conduction.
The operation of the regulator K is as follows:
When the temperature in the heater A exceeds a certain limit, steam generated
in the vessel which contains a little water passing by the pipe to the vessel kl
raises the diaphragm and the arm so as to close more or less the valve in the
box M thus reducing more or less the gas flame. Preferably the gas pipe is
provided with a small by-pass so as to maintain a kindling light when the valve
in M is quite closed. When the temperature falls too low, the arm descends
depressing the stem of the valve in L and thereby more or less closing the outlet
for the sterilised water.
The other part of the regulator acts only when the pressure of the water supply
happens to be too low in which case the arm descends depressing the stem
of the valve in L and so more or less closing the outlet for the sterilised water
until the pressure in the apparatus rises. Wires attached to the arms 3 and k
point to graduations on scales which can be seen through the glazed front of
the regulator.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: improvements in Apparatus for Sterilising water.
We, MAICHE LIMITED, of No. 4, St. Mary Axe, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention (as communicated to us from abroad
by Louis Maiche, of 368, Rue St. Honoré, Paris, France, Engineer) and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement: ---
In the Specification No. 5007 of 1897 is described apparatus for sterilising
water by heating it to a temperature sufficient to kill the bacilli, and subse-
quently cooling it, the process being conducted in closed vessels so that the
cooled water retains in solution all the air and gases which it originally contained.
The present invention relates to improvements in the construction and arrange-
ment of apparatus of this kind and more especially in appliances combined with
it for automatically regulating the supply of water and the heat.
The construction and operation of the apparatus will be understood by refer-
ence to the drawings accompanying my Provisional Specification.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section and Fig. 2 is a sectional plan.
Fig. 3 is a section of the regulator drawn to an enlarged scale.
The apparatus comprises three main parts, a heater A, a casing B containing
a double coil of concentric pipes, and a casing C containing a set of tubes.
The heater A is a vessel surrounded by a helical flue within a partition a¹
so that the hot products of combustion from a gas burner G or other suitable
source of heat, after ascending helically around a descend the annular space
between a and the outer casing and pass away by a chimney
The double pipe consisting of two concentric pipes the one within the other
has a descending limb b leading to the lowest convolution of an inner coil b
which at the top is connected to the highest convolution of an outer coil b2.
All the spaces in B between the coils and their convolutions are filled with
material which is a bad conductor of heat such for instance as slag wool.
From the lowest convolution of the outer coil 2 the concentric pipes lead
separately the one c to the lower part of the vessel C, and the other d to a
chamber I which communicates by the vertical tubes with an upper chamber E
in which are arranged a number of plates e having holes through them so situated
that no hole in any plate is in the same vertical line with holes in the plate next
above and below it.
The plates e are strung on a central rod with washers as distance pieces
between them and they can all be lifted out on removing the cover of E.
Instead of perforated plates suitable material in other forms may be used
presenting interstices for passage of the water.
From the upper part of the vessel C a pipe
of the heater A and from the chamber E a pipe
heater A.
leads to nearly the bottom
connects to the top of the
The vessel C is enclosed in a casing c¹ filled with material which is a bad
conductor of heat.
Besides the main parts of the apparatus above described there is a regulator K
for automatically regulating the heat and the supply of water.
It comprises two vessels 2 covered by corrugated elastic diaphragms like
those employed for aneroid barometers.
Each of those diaphragms is connected by a stem to a lever arm urged
downwards by springs, the ends of these arms rest on the stem of a valve in a
box L having an inlet 7 connected by a pipe to the inner of the concentric
pipes of the coil and having from its outlet a pipe by which the sterilised

page_text: water is drawn off.
On the arm 3 is a blade spring immediately under the stem
of a valve in a box M having an inlet connected to the gas supply m and an
outlet connected by a pipe m₁ to the burner G. The vessel is connected by
a pipe n to a closed vessel N immersed in the water in the heater A. The
vessel is connected to the water supply pipe H.
All the pipe connections are preferably made with unions so as to be readily
separable for cleaning or repair.
The apparatus operates as follows.-
Water supplied from an elevated cistern or from a water main through a
suitable pressure reducing valve, and passing if desired through a filter, enters
by the pipe H the outer of the two concentric pipes and after flowing through
the coils passes by the pipe e to the casing C in which it ascends around the
tubes . From the top of C the water partially heated flows by the pipe d
to the heater A in which it is farther heated.
From A the heated water flows to the compartment E and in passing through
the holes of the plates e in a zig zag course, deposits on these plates, or their
equivalent, matters suspended in the water, which continues its flow through
the tubes down to D thence by the pipe d to the inner pipe of the coils in B,
and being finally discharged by the pipe 12 after passing through the valve
box L and the pipe when a regulator is employed. Thus the cold water
while it passes through the coils in B and the vessel C becomes gradually heated
while it cools the heated water, and the heated water conversely becomes gradually
cooled while it heats the cold water, the interchange of heat being such that
very little additional heating is required to be imparted in the heater A except
such as is necessary to make up for losses by radiation and conduction.
The operation of the regulator K is as follows:-
When the temperature in the heater A exceeds a certain limit, steam generated
in the vessel N which contains a little water passing by the pipe n to the vessel
raises the diaphragm and the arm so as to close more or less the valve in the
box M thus reducing more or less the gas flame. Preferably the gas pipe is
provided with a small by-pass so as to maintain a kindling light when the valve
in M is quite closed. When the temperature falls too low, the arm descends
depressing the stem of the valve in L and thereby more or less closing the outlet
for the sterilised water.
The other part of the regulator acts only when the pressure of the water supply
happens to be too low in which case the arm descends depressing the stem
of the valve in L and so more or less closing the outlet for the sterilised water
until the pressure in the apparatus rises. Wires attached to the arms and
point to graduations on scales which can be seen through the glazed front of
the regulator.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. Water sterilising apparatus constructed and operating substantially as
described with reference to the drawings.
2. For water sterilising apparatus the automatic heat and flow regulator sub-
stantially as described and illustrated.
Doted this 17th day of June 1800
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.