Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 10th May, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 8th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 16th Mar., 1895
Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
I, CHARLES KINGSTON WELCH, of The Hollies, Eaton Road, Coventry, in the
County of Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
My invention relates to pneumatic tyres and has for its object to construct an
improved cover for preventing the side slip to which such tyres are liable.
Such covers are now well known under the name of "non-slipping" covers and
are of very many different designs in most of which projections or ridges are formel
on the tread surface of the cover across or along the same.
The chief feature of my improved cover is the provision of projections on the
sides only of the tyre the ordinary tread surface thereof being approximately
smooth. These projections come into use only when the wheel is tilted and side
slip is likely to occur.
The projections are of suitable size and may be semicircular or angular or other
convenient shape and are placed at suitable distances apart along each side of the
tyre the projections on one side being either opposite to or alternate with those of
the other side. Said projections are substantially wedge shaped in cross-section
the thinnest portion being near the middle of the tyre.
I preferably arrange that the part of the tyre between the rows of projections
that is to say the tread portion proper of the tyre which is generally in contact
with the ground shall be smooth or I may form a slight ridge or ridges on the
cover at that part. The general level of the projections may be straight across
the tyre but I prefer to make the projections of such a section that their general
level is slightly convex so that when the wheel is upright the projections hardly
touch the ground, the projections therefore only touch the ground when slipping
is likely to occur as for example when the wheel is tilted or running upon an
uneven surface.
I sometimes make the projections of harder rubber than the remaining portion of
the cover.
My improved non-slipping device may be applied to any description of tyre.
For use with single tube tyres and tyres which are already provided with covers
I sometimes make a band of rubber, canvas or other suitable material with
projections arranged on it after my improved manner. Said band may be
solutioned or otherwise secured to the tyre and will answer the same purpose as a
cover made in the aforesaid manner.
I preferably make the projections in one piece with the cover or band but I
sometimes solution or otherwise secure to a plain cover or band pieces of rubbor
or other suitable material of convenient shape and size to form the projections.
My improved non-slipping cover does not decrease the resiliency of the tyre as
ordinary non-slipping covers do and is a sure preventive against slipping or skidding
of the wheel to which it is fitted.
Dated this 10th 1... at Man 1001
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
1. CHARLES KINGSTON WELCH, of The Hollies, Eaton Road, Coventry, in the
County of Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to pneumatic tyres and has for its object the provision
of improved covers for preventing the side slip to which such tyres are liable
when in use.
66
Covers for preventing side slip are now well known under the name non-
slipping covers and are of very many different designs or shapes in most of
which projections or ridges are formed on the tread surface of the cover across or
along the same.
The improvement in covers which forms the subject matter of my invention
consists in the provision of rows of projections placed on the centre or the tread
surface proper or on the sides thereof or on both the centre and sides forming
circumferential undulating or corrugated ridges so placed that the crests of the
waves or corrugations on one ridge alternate with those of the adjoining or
neighbouring ridge.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a plan of a portion of a tyre cover laid out flat, constructed according
to my invention.
Figure 2 is a section on the line c, x Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a side view of Figure 1.
Figures 4 to 8 are views similar to Figure 1 shewing modified forms of my
improved non-slipping cover.
Figure 9 is a section on the line a
Figure 10 is a section on the line
Figure 11 is a section on the line
Figure 12 is a section on the line
Figure 13 is a section on the line
Figure 4.
2,
2 Figure 5.
³
³ Figure 6.
Figure 8.
a Figure 7.
Figure 14 is a perspective view of a portion of a tyre having a cover similar to
that shewn in Figure 6.
Figure 15 is a plan of a portion of tyre cover laid out flat having ridges
constructed according to a further modification of my invention.
Figure 16 is a section on the line, Figure 15.
Like letters denote corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
A is the plain portion of the cover, B, B are the projections thereon.
Referring now to Figures 1, 2 and 3, I provide the cover with two rows of
projections B, B one row on each side of the central or tread portion of the cover.
The said projections are preferably slightly wedge-shaped in transverse section (as
is readily seen from Figure 2) and are placed alternately on the two sides of the
tread portions of the cover as shewn by Figures 1 and 3.
In Figures 4 and 9 I shew a cover having four rows of projections the two rows
Dearest the median line of the cover being arranged similarly to those shewn in
Figure 1, and the projections of the two outer rows being arranged to alternate
with those of the adjacent rows.
In Figures 5 and 10 I shew a cover also having four rows of projections and
very similar to that shewn in Figures 4 and 9. The projections in the two inner
rows are however placed opposite each other and alternate with those in the two
outer rows.

page_text: In Figures 6 and 11 I shew a cover similar to that shewn in Figures 4 and 9 but
having a wavy or corrugated ridge on the central or tread portion in addition to
the side projections.
The projections may be pointed at the top instead of rounded as shown in the
above described figures. Similarly the depressions between the projections may
be angular instead of rounded. They may also be rectangular in cross section
instead of wedge shaped.
In the modifications illustrated by Figures 7 and 12, and 8 and 13 the
projections are semi-circular in plan at the ends and parallel or taper at the sides
The said wedges extend up
and substantially wedge-shaped in transverse section.
to the median line where they vanish and they are placed alternately on opposite
sides of the said line as shown.
The general level of the side projections may be such that the surface is flat
or straight across the tyre when the same is applied to the wheel, but it is
preferably made slightly convex so that when the wheel is upright the side
projections barely touch the ground. Should the wheel however be inclined or
be running on uneven or sloping ground in such a position that slipping or skidding
is likely to occur then the side projections will touch the ground and be operative
to prevent side slipping.
Figures 15 and 16 show a portion of cover in which the rows of projections are
not-close-together-as_in_Figure 6 for example but are separated by intermediate
spaces clearly shown in Figure 15.
I sometimes make the projections of harder rubber than the remaining portions
of the cover.
My improved non-slipping device may be applied to any description of tyre.
For use with single tube tyres and tyres which are already provided with
covers
I make a band of rubber, canvas or other suitable material with
projections arranged on it in a manner similar to any of those hereinbefore
described and solution or otherwise secure the same to the tyre. In such a
case the width of the band would be usually limited to the space occupied by
the projections. 1 preferably mould the projections in one piece with the cover
or band.
My improved non-slipping cover does not decrease the resiliency of the tyre
as do ordinary non-slipping covers and is a sure preventive against slipping or
skidding of the wheel to which it is fitted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A cover or band for a pneumatic tyre having two or more circumferential
rows of undulating or corrugated projections so arranged that the crests on the
adjoining or neighbouring ridges alternate, substantially as, and for the purposes,
described.
2. The respective improved covers shewn in Figures 1, 2 and 3; Figures 4
and 9; Figures 5 and 10; Figures 6, 11 and 14; Figures 7 and 12; Figures 8
and 13; and Figures 15 and 16 substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
Dated this 8th day of February 1895.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: B
B