for Use in the Production of Pulp for Paper and Millboard.
Year: 1886

page_text: for Use in the Production of Pulp for Paper and Millboard.
We EDWARD DAVIES of Cambridge Cottage Wood Green, Middlesex, Engineer,
and HENRY FOARD HARRIS, of Brooke House, Fleet, Hampshire, gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
"
The "spent hops as received from breweries are passed through the following
operations. A thorough washing and cleaning in any convenient manner, then partial
drying, then treatment to get rid of the seeds, then pressed to get rid of the moisture
and partially dried, then put in a tearing up or cutting up machine, then treated to
get rid of the stalks, then pressed between rolls or under edge runners to loosen the
fibres, then placed in a digester with suitable lye and subjected to a steam pressure to
pulp the stuff on removal from digester it is pressed and treated to get rid of the
injurious parts particularly the soda and grease and then thoroughly washed and
bleached, and dried when the product is suitable for sale to paper makers. For
making a pulp suitable for superfine paper some of the foregoing operations may be
duplicated or extended.
The apparatus employed is as follows The washing machine may be made either
horizontal or vertical, and may be formed of a perforated cylinder set in a trough to
hold water, the cylinder having a spindle passing through to which are attached a
number of heaters set at an incline to work the hops through; the hops may be feed
into the cylinder through hopper provided with means for regulating the feed. The
arrangement for drying the hops may consist of a steam jacketted trough, which may
be heated with exhaust steam along the length of this trough is a spindle having a
number of blades set at an incline to both stir up the hops and propel them through.
This may also be provided with a hopper to enable the hops to be regularly fed in.

page_text: To separate the seeds from the hops may be done by their passing through a cylinder
made of wire gauze or perforated metal. This cylinder may be fixed or revolving and
has a revolving internal spindle fitted with heaters or separators, the perforated
cylinder acting as a sieve for the seeds. The means for tearing or cutting up the hops
may consist of a trough or box having cutters fixed in bottom, through the trough is
a spindle having attached a number of spiral cutters, arranged to be set for the edges
to come as near those of the fixed cutters in bottom as may be desired. After passing
through the cutting machine the hops fall upon a suitable sieve given a necessary
shaking action to sift out the stalks and pieces of bine. The sieve may be placed at
an angle to facilitate the work.
A digester of the usual kind will answer for the purposes of this invention. The
separated stalks and bines may be further treated to obtain pulp from them.
Dated this 8th day of July 1886.
.

page_text: for Use in the Production of Pulp for Paper and Millboard.
We EDWARD DAVIES of Cambridge Cottage, Wood Green, Middlesex Engineer,
and HENRY FOARD HARRIS, of Brooke House, Fleet, Hampshire Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
(We desire to state that we propose to restrict our invention to the treatment of
spent hops to render them suitable to be used for the production of pulp for paper and
millboard.)
""
According to our invention Hops as received from Breweries after use in brewing,
are firstly subjected to a thorough washing and cleaning to get rid of as much of the
wort and dirt as adheres to them, secondly, partially dried, thirdly, treated to
separate the seeds of the flower from the petals fourthly the petals are torn up to
separate the fibrous parts from the flesh, and, fifthly, the pieces of stalk are sifted out
from the torn out petals, the latter are then suitable to be used in the ordinary way
for the production of pulp for the manufacture of paper and millboard.
The washing may be effected by various types of washing or cleaning machines
the partial drying may be done in a kiln or oven, by hot air, or by passing the hops
through a heated tube or along a steam jacketted trough by means of a longitudinal
worm or equivalent device; the latter arrangement is the one preferred as propelling
the hops in such a way assists in loosening them which is advantageous in the sub-
sequent operation of separating the seeds from the petals. This latter operation as
well as the tearing up of the petals, may be effected in various ways.
A novel arrangement of machinery found to answer very well for these operations
is represented in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 is side elevation Figures 2
and 3 end views Figure 4 end view of part embodied in figure 1 at line Y. Z.
E:
A frame which may be made of metal tubes connected by T pieces B, into which
the lengths of tubing screw. The frame A has attached to it suitable saddle pieces C
to support a cylinder D, which may be a fixture but is preferred to slowly revolve.
This cylinder is intended to act as a sieve for sifting out the seeds from the petals,
and may be constructed of a perforated metal tube carried between cast iron cap ends
the perforations being a suitable size for the seeds only to pass through. Attached
to the frame A is a hopper F, communicating with interior of cylinder at one end
into this hopper the partially dried hops are fed and rest upon a grating through
which they are gradually drawn by revolving feeding blades and fall into cylinder D.
These blades are attached to a cross spindle G, passing through hopper under grating
and turned by pulleys and band. The hops are propelled through the cylinder D, by
means of vanes H, attached to a revolving shaft I, passing through cylinder longitu-
dinally these vanes stir up the hops, and by the slanting angle at which they (the
:

page_text: vanes) are set push them through the cylinder while stirring them up and so assist
the sifting out of the seeds. On passing through the cylinder D, the hops fall down
a shoot J, into a tearing up chamber K. This may consist of a metal tube suitably
fixed. In the bottom of this chamber K, are secured a number of longitudinal
cutters or edges L; passing through the chamber is a shaft M, arranged to revolve
having attached a number of cutters or tearers N; these may consist of steel blades
attached to a short arm secured in M; the edges of the cutters N, are set to come
close to the edges of the longitudinal cutters L, which are set in a curve corresponding
to the travel of the edges of the revolving cutters N. The blades of these cutters are
slantingly set to propel the material through the chamber as well as tear it up against
the bottom fixed cutters: the torn up hop petals may then pass down a shoot O, on
to any kind of suitable sieve or sieves preferably placed slantingly, given a shaking
motion to sift the torn up petals through and leave the stalks behind or a cylindrical
sifter as at D figure 1 might be used, the perforations being slot shaped, and suitable
only for the torn up petals to be sifted through; after the petals are torn up and
freed of the stalks they are ready to be treated in the usual way for the manufacture
of pulp. For making coarse paper or common millboard the pieces of stalk need not
be sifted out.
Any suitable trough or means may be arranged under the cylinder D to collect the
sifted out seeds.
The machine is driven from the pulley P. The cylinder D is slowly rotated from
a small pulley Q, on shaft M, by a strap passing round one of the E ends arranged
for this purpose; and the upper shaft I is revolved from lower shaft M, by band and
pulleys ft. S. The ends of the cylinder D and chamber K, are closed by suitable lids
which for convenience of removal are made in halves and secured together.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is
1. The treatment of spent hops for the purpose stated consisting of; cleaning,
partial drying, sifting out the seeds and tearing up the petals, and if desired sifting
out the pieces of stalk from the torn up petals substantially as herein before described.
2. In apparatus for the treatment of hops for the purpose described, the combination
of a cylindrical sifter D, and shaft I, fitted with vanes H, as and for the purposes
stated.
3. In apparatus for the treatment of hops for the purpose stated, the combination of
the chamber K, fitted with longitudinal cutters L, and shaft N fitted with tearers or
cutters N, as and for the purposes stated.
Dated this 7th day of Anril 1887