IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR GAUGING OR REGULATING THE FLOW OF WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS.”
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edme Augustin Chameroy, of Boulevard de
Strasbourg, 23, à Paris, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR GAUGING OR REGULATING THE FLOW OF WATER
OR OTHER LIQUIDS.”
PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION left by the said Edme Augustin
Chameroy at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 11th January 1870.
I, EDME AUGUSTIN. CHAMEROY,. of. Boulevard de Strasbourg, 23, à
Paris, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR GAUGING OR REGULATING THE FLOW OF
WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in remedying the irregularities at present
existing in the supply of water to houses, works, and other localities by
causing the flow from the orifices of the guage or meter to be constant
in spite of the variations of pressure in the distribution pipes.

page_text: Bay Pmons can be carried out unsowo ways.
Firstly. The apparatus is independent of the supply pipe, in which
case the guage acts in free air.
And, secondly. The guage acts under pressure.
I will first describe my guage or meter constructed to act without
being under pressure. This meter consists of a supply pipe passing into
a resevoir, in which is a float rising and falling over a circular pipe
leading from the upper part of the said reservoir to the under part
thereof; from the top of the float a rod passes to the distributing nozzle
of the meter, which nozzle is fixed to the end of a pliable pipe in com-
munication with the water in the upper part of the reservoir, so that
the difference between the level of the water at the orifice.and the levil
of the water in the upper part of reservoir is always the same, and
this result is facilitated by attaching a float to the handle of the
supply cock, so that when the water reaches. a certain height no more
is admitted. The water on issuing from the supply nozzle passes direct
into the reservoir of the consumer in a constant and unvaried stream,
totally uninfluenced by the variations of pressure in the main service
pipe. The orifice of this meter is much larger than those ordinarily
employed, where a considerable pressure of water often has to pass
through a very small orifice. The regulation of the supply of this kind
of meter is always easy to be made before putting the apparatus in
position, thus avoiding the long and tedious, operation of ascertaining
the difference of pressure caused by the varying supply to the neigh-
bourhood, and with this meter it-will not be found necessary to take the
mean of the year's supply, which is at all times almost am impossibility
to do accurately.
.
My improved guage or meter acting under pressure consists according
to one modification of a vertical metal pipe, the upper part of which is
concave, and has attached to it a concave cover, between which two
parts is secured a diaphragm of india-rubber, leather, or other suitable
clastic material, in the centre of which two convex weights are attached
by a central screw passing through them, which said screw is continued
downwards into a tube through which the supply water passes. On the
water entering the base of the concave reservoir it presses the diaphragm
upwards; thereby reducing the supply of water by means of the difference
in the diameter of the continuation of the screw where it passes through
the entrance to the meter until the pressure is in equilibrium, when, the

page_text: water passes through an aperture in the said diaphragm to the supply
pipes, consequently the difference of the pressure between the top and
bottom of the disc or diaphragm will be always the same, thus ensuring
constant supply: Instead of the diaphragm being fixed it can bo
attached to a circular regulator working in the entrance passage, whereby
the same result will be obtained. This construction of meter may be
applied to the overshoots of canals, for feeding mill ponds, fountains,
urinals, and other similar purposes..
'
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edme Augustin. Chameroy in the Great Seal Patent!
Office on the 8th July 1870:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDME
AUGUSTIN CHAMEROY,, of. Boulevard de Strasbourg, 23, à Paris,, send.
grecting..
ד
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victória, by. Her
Letters Patent, bearing, date the Eleventh day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand. eight hundred and seventy, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her leirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Edme Augustin Chameroy, Her special:
licence, that I,, the said Edme Augustin Chameroy, my exécutors, ad--
ministrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edme Augustin
Chamcroy, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any timo
agree with, and no others; from time to time and at all times there--
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion: for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR GAUGING OR REGULATING
THE FLOW OF WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS,' upon. the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Edme Augustin Chameroy, my exccutor's or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the-
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be:
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office-
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent..
991

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edme Augustin Chameroy, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings (that is to say:-
My Invention consists in remedying the irregularities at present
existing in the supply of water to houses, works, and other localities by
causing the flow from the orifices of the meter to be constant in spite
of the variations of pressure in the distribution pipes.
My Invention can be carried out in two ways.
Firstly. The apparatus is worked independently of the water supply
pipe, in which case the gauge acts in free air.
And, secondly. The meter acts under pressure.
I will now proceed to describe my apparatus and its different uses, as
illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings..
First Arrangement. Measuring in Open Air.-See the vertical section
Figure 1, where A is the consumers reservoir; B, the supply pipe; °C, the
reservoir of the meter under lock and key; D, the cock worked by a
float for regulating the admission of water into the reservoir C; E, the
float of the cock D; F, a circular passage forming a communication
between the interior of the reservoir C and the lower part of the same;
G; a circular float, on which is suspended the tube J by the rod I; J, a
flexible india-rubber tube fixed to the bottom of the reservoir C and to
the rod I; L, an orifice fixed to the extremity of the tube J; M, M, level
of the water in the reservoir of the meter; N, N, level of water in the
centre of the tube J; h, difference of level between M, M, and N, N.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The pipe B being open to
the water main will pass through the cock D into the reservoir C, C;
until the float E reaches the level M, M, when the cock is closed the
float G, at the same time raises by means of the rod I the extremity of
the tube J, to an elevation that will only vary with the level of the
water M, M, the difference L between that and the orifice of the
gauge L always. remaining the same, because the whole arrangement
is connected to the float G.; the distance h will therefore be invariable;
consequently the water which passes through the tube J and the orifice
of the gauge L will flow under pressure of the head h at a constant
speed and delivery, whatever may be the variation of pressure in the

page_text: supply pipe B. These variations are produced by. the difference in the
rate of delivery, and serve either to diminish or increase the supply at
the cock D, but as this cock is furnished with a float the variation in the
level of the water M, M, in the reservoir C, will be very unimportant.
These changes of level will be of little moment, because the float G
will follow the same course of motion by keeping the head h
invariable, this being the essential condition of an unvarying supply
from the orifice of the gauge L. The advantages of this system of
gauging are very important, the orifice of the gauge is much larger than
those usually employed for gauge cocks used in water supply where a
considerable pressure often acts upon a very small diameter. The
regulation of the delivery with this system of gauging is always. casily.
performed before the apparatus is placed in position, thus avoiding the
long and tedius operation of ascertaining the difference of pressure
caused by the varying supply to the neighbourhood, and it will not be
found necessary to take the mean of the year's supply, which is at all
times a most difficult task.
Second Arrangement. Gauging under Pressure.-In Figures 2 and 3;
C is a cast-iron box, concave at its upper end; D the cover of the box C,
to which it is attached by a flanged joint; E, is the opening for the
admission of water, and F for the escape thereof; G,. is a distributor
having an opening at the centre corresponding with the supply
opening; H, H, rectangular orifices at the base of the distributor G;
I, a spindle passing through the distributor G and regulating the flow
of the water; J, a division of leather or india-rubber forming a flexible
diaphragm between the box C and cover D; K; K, metallic discs serving
as weights and attached to one another by the screws of the spindle I,
the flexible diaphragm J being tightly held between these two metallic
discs, and L is the orifice of the gauge, from which there is an unvarying
supply.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The meter communicates
with the supply pipe by the entrance E and exit F, the water passing
through the distributor G through the orifices H, H, then through the
orifice L, and at the same time presses upwards upon the surface of the
discs K, K, to equalize their weight; when the pressure is greater than
the weight the discs K by reason of the flexibility of the diaphragm J
rise vertically and produce a decrease in the flow of water through the
orifice H, H, until the pressure of the water places the weights K in

page_text: equilibrium; consequently the difference in the pressure between the
tops and bottoms of the discs K will also be the same, thus ensuring.
a constant: supply of water. This hydraulic phenomenon is very
sensitive, as the slightest head of water is sufficient to guarantee accurate
measurement. This apparatus may be applied to the overshoots of canals,
for mill streams, or other purposes, and will supply the same amount of
water whatever may be the difference between the high and low levels..
For these purposes the apparatus may be modified.in two ways.
First modification, adapted for irrigating, distributing, or feeding canals.
In Figure 4 A is the dam for containing the high level water; B, passage
for the water to flow into the meter; C; vertical cylindrical chamber of the
meter; D, gauge disc moving vertically in the chamber C.;. E, regulator.
of the meter; F, cylindrical chamber of the regulator; G, G; orifices
for the passage of the water; N, high level of water; N¹, low level of
water; h, piezometrical head between the levels N and N¹...
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The water passing through
the passage B and orifices G, G, flows around the gauge disc D, at the
same time causing it to rise until the difference in the piezometrical head-
or the difference h between the levels of the water at N and N¹ places:
the total weight of the disc D and the regulator: E-in equilibrium; when
this equilibrium between the high and low levels takes places the water
flows at a speed corresponding to the loss of head, by which means
the total weight for actuating the gauge is detained. This speed which
is constant always delivers the same volume of water in the same space
of time, because the annular surface around the disc Dis always the
same. The action is therefore similar to the preceding examples. It is
important to add that this kind of meter can be placed at any depth.
between the high and low levels of a dam, because the action is set up:
merely by the difference of pressure between the high and low levels.
Second modification, adapted to fountains, fire plugs, water plugs,,
urinals, to feeding water jets, basins, waterworks, and other similar
purposes. In Figures 5 and 6, A. is the orifice for the entrance of the:
water, B for the exit thereof; C is the cylindrical cliambers of the meter,.
D, the gauge disc; E, the regulator; F, the cylindrical chamber of the
regulator; G, orifices for the passage of water through the chamber of
the regulator; I, gauge pin capable of being changed; K., passage of
communication between the lower part of the regulator E and the gauge
chamber C.

page_text: The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The water passing through
the orifices A and G raises the disc until the loss of head between high
and low level at the disc D places the total weight of the disc D and the
regulator E in the equilibrium. From this moment the speed of the
water in the annular surface between the chamber C and the disc D
will remain constant, as well as in the orifice J around the gauge pin I.
All variation of pressure will be compensated for as above described.
Having thus described the nature and particular of my Invention,
I claim, the improvements in means and apparatus for gauging or
regulating the flow of water or other liquids, whether in the open air or
under pressure, as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edme Augustin Chameroy, have
hereunto set my hand and scal, this Twentieth day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
ALBERT CAHER,
Civil Engineer,
32, Boulevard Magenta,
Paris.
E. A. CHAMEROY. (L.S.)