IMPROVED TAM DAEED
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Columbus Hurry, of Wolverhampton, in the
County of Stafford, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of. "IMPROVED
TAM DAEED "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Columbus Hurry
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 25th April 1859.
I, HENRY COLUMBUS HURRY, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER," to be
as follows:-
The chief object of this Invention is to obtain an effective motive power by
the combined forces of attraction and repulsion between a large number of
magnets, whether electro or other, with constant poles and other electro-
imagnets whose poles are varied, such large number of small electro-magnets
being made to act with considerable rapidity instead of a small number of
large magnets acting more slowly; this is effected by fixing a large number
of magnets with constant poles in a circular frame in such a way that their
ends are exposed on the inner surface of such circular frame, and that their
poles alternate in the line of the circle. Concentric and within this frame is
placed a wheel or disc on such suitable pedestals or other bearings that it is
free to turn upon its axis, with its periphery immediately within the circular
frame of magnets. In the periphery of this wheel are placed a large number

page_text: of bars of soft iron enveloped with coils in the ordinary way in order to render
them magnetic. These magnetic bars are so arranged that their ends will,
when the wheel revolves, pass the ends of the magnets in the outer frame as
close as possible without actual contact. Upon the framework which carries
the centre of the wheel, is placed a hollow cylinder in such a position that a
number of arms attached to the surface of the wheel or disc can move within
it; these arms carry the ends of the coils which are made to touch the inner
surface of the cylinder, this surface being composed of a non-conducting
substance excepting where the conductors from the two poles of the battery are
exposed in such alternations that the polarity of each of the bars of soft iron
in the periphery of the wheel shall be reversed as its point is passing the point
of each of the fixed magnets in the frame. The object of this arrangement is
that as the electro-magnets in the wheel approach the fixed magnets, they are
of the contrary polarity and therefore attracted, and when past and receding
being of the same polarity they are repulsed; the object of the hollow cylinder,
and the arms projecting into it from the wheel, for making and breaking
connection is that the centrifugal force of the arms may ensure contact.
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said Henry Columbus
Hurry in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th November 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
COLUMBUS HURRY, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Henry Columbus Hurry, Her special license that I, the said Henry
Columbus Hurry, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Henry Columbus Hurry, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE
POWER," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Columbus

page_text: Hurry, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office on or before the Fifth day of November One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-nine.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Columbus Hurry, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention of "Improved Means of and Apparatus for Obtaining Motive
Power," relates to an improved arrangement of apparatus for effecting this
object by the combined forces of attraction and repulsion between a number.
of magnets, whether electro or other, with constant poles and other electro-
magnets whose poles are alternately changed, as herein-after more particularly
described.
In my improved apparatus a large number of small magnets are made to
act with considerable rapidity, instead of a small number of large magnets
being made to act more slowly, as has heretofore been the case. This is
effected by fixing a large number of magnets with constant poles in a circular
frame, in such a way that their ends are exposed on the inner surface of
such circular frame, and their poles alternate in the line of the circle. Con-
centric and within this frame is placed a wheel or disc on such suitable
pedestals or other bearings that it is free to turn upon its axis, with its peri-
phery immediately within the circular frame of magnets. In the periphery
of this wheel are placed a large number of electro-magnets, composed of bars
of soft iron, enveloped with coils in the ordinary way, in order to render
them magnetic.
Fig. 1 represents in plan, and partly in horizontal section, one arrangement
of apparatus for the purpose of my Invention; Fig. 2 represents the same
machine in side elevation and partly in vertical section; Figures 3 and 4
represent detached views of some of the parts drawn on an enlarged scale.
In all the Drawings the same letters refer to the same parts, and colors are
used to facilitate the description of the mode of action. The magnets colored
yellow are those where the break of the circuit of the galvanic current, and
the consequent absence of magnetism has just taken place. The red colour
denotes the positive pole from the battery and the positive pole of the magnet,
and blue denotes the negative pole of the battery and magnet. The insulated
conductors and coils are colored green.

page_text: A, A, is the framework for supporting the working parts, and may be made
of any suitable form and material; B, B, is a cylindrical case or box firmly
attached to the framework, which may be made of timber or brass, or other
metal upon which magnetism lees not act: Within this case there is a rib
or midfeather, shown at b, b, and to this rib are attached a large number of
magnets a, a, by means of adjusting screws, or otherwise, as shown at c, c.
(In the example shewn in the Drawings there are eight hundred such
magnets), which are placed in horizontal tiers, and the magnets of all the
tiers are in vertical lines, that is, the magnets of the tiers are exactly over
each other, the magnets composing one tier should be as close to each other
as practicable, but the tiers should be sufficiently separated to prevent any
material attraction or interference between the magnets of the separate tiers.
The ends or poles of these magnets must project through the inner surface
of the case B, and be accurately adjusted equidistant from the axis of the
cylindrical case B, B, as shown at d, d. The polarity of the magnets forming
one tier must be alternately reversed, as shown by the coloring of the
magnets a, a, in the plan view, Fig. 1. When electro-magnets are used,
the insulated wires n from their coils are passed out of the case B, and con-
veyed to the battery or batteries at any convenient point, as will be readily
understood. The polarity of these magnets is constant. Concentric to and
within the case or box B is placed a wheel or cylinder E, E, mounted on a
shaft, supported in suitable pedestals or other bearings attached to the frame-
work A, A, the cylinder E, E, is therefore free to turn upon its axis, with its
periphery within the cylindrical case B, B, as shown. Where a number of
tiers of magnets are used, the cylinder E, E, should, for convenience, be con-
structed in annular sections, as shown at e, e, e, or otherwise provided with
means for facilitating the adjustment of the conducting wires, and the position
of the magnets forming the several tiers. The rotating cylinder E, E, is also
provided with a rib f, f, and to this rib are attached (in a similar manner to
that described with reference to the stationary outer case,) a number of electro-
magnets, the number in each tier varying from the number in the corre-
sponding tier in the stationary case B, B. In the apparatus shewn in the
Drawings there are two hundred magnets in each tier of the stationary case
B, B, and in each of the corresponding tiers of the rotating cylinder E, E,
there are two hundred and twenty magnets. The object of this arrangement
will be readily understood by examining Figures 1 and 2, where it will be
seen that only twenty of the magnets of the rotating cylinder E, E, viz. those
colored yellow, are exactly opposite to magnets in the stationary case B, B,
and the distance of the intermediate magnets of the cylinder E, E, from the

page_text: intermediate magnets of the case B, B, progressively varies. The poles or
ends of the magnets in the cylinder E, E, must project beyond the periphery
of the cylinder, and be adjusted so that when the cylinder E, E, revolves upon
its axis the several tiers of magnets in the cylinder E, E, shall continue in
the same planes with the respective tiers of magnets in the stationary case
B, B, and the poles or ends of the magnets of the cylinder E, E, will closely
pass without touching the ends or poles of the magnets in the case B, B.
The polarity of each of the magnets of the cylinder E, E, must be changed
at the moment of passing exactly opposite each of the magnets of the case
B, B, and this object is effected in the following manner:-To the frame-
work A, A, is attached a hollow cylinder G, G, formed of wood, or any other
suitable non-conducting material. The inner surface of the cylinder G, G, is
inlaid with recurring tablets i, i, in two zones or circles, as shewn at g. g, the
tablets i, i, of each circle being separated by a thin piece of ivory, bone, or
other suitable non-conducting material. Each of these tablets is held firmly in
its place by a bolt or screw h passing through from the outer surface of the
cylinder G, G; the head of the bolt h is furnished with a screw and nut, or
other suitable contrivance, for the attachment of the conducting wire from a
battery. The separating pieces of ivory of the two circles must be in the same
lines, so that the tablets of the two circles correspond, and may therefore be
considered as pairs, there must be the same number of such pairs of tablets
as there are magnets in one of the tiers of the case B, B, and each pair of the
tablets i, i, must be connected by means of the bolts h, h, and the conducting
wires j,j, with a separate battery. Upon the surface of the rotating cylinder
E, E, are attached a number of pedestals k, k, in pairs, provided with friction
rollers or wheels 1, 1, which are made to press gently upon the surface of the
circles of tablets by means of springs at m, m, as shewn. These pedestals
and rollers must be made of a good conducting material. In one pair of these
pedestals terminate the coil of one set or sub-set of the magnets of the cylinder
E, E. By a set of magnets" I mean all the magnets of the cylinder E, E,
which are exactly opposite the magnets of the case B, B, at the same
moment; for example, in the machine shewn in the Drawings, the twenty
magnets colored yellow, are and must be exactly opposite magnets in the
stationary case B, B, at the same time; they, therefore, form one set, and
there are ten of such sets; it may, however, be undesirable to pass one current
through so many magnets, in which case a set may be divided into sub-sets.
In the plan they are represented as divided into four sub-sets of five magnets
each, as shewn by the dotted green lines of direction of the conducting wire,
and each of these sub-sets terminate in a pair of pedestals k, k. It will be

page_text: understood that when a pair of the rollers 1, 1, are in contact with a pair of the
tablets i, i, the galvanic current will be complete, and when the rollers 1, 1, are
in contact with the ivory divisions between the tablets the current will be
broken, and the magnets through the coils of which it had been passing de-
magnetized, and as the polarity of the tablets alternates, as shewn by the
coloring of the tablets in the Figures 1 and 2, it follows that when the rollers
have passed the ivory divisions, the current through the coil of the magnets
will be reversed, and the polarity of the magnets will also be reversed. Of
course where the sets are divided into sub-sets the pedestals of the sub-sets
forming one set must be in the same relative position with the tablets in the
cylinder G, G.
Supposing the whole length of the twenty magnets of one set were formed
by one current, only eleven pairs of pedestals would be required for the magnets
of one tier, but being sub-divided into four sub-sets, forty-four pedestals are
necessary; these are all that I have shewn upon the plan, in order to prevent
confusion, but it will be understood that for the four tiers shewn four times
that number, namely, one hundred and seventy-six pedestals would be
necessary.
I may bere remark, that I have only shewn the conducting wires of one set
of the magnets, and also have omitted all self-evident details unnecessary for
the clear explanation of my Invention. The battery required for each pair of
tablets is very small where the magnets are divided into sub-sets, as described.
The nature of the battery is immaterial, but it should be as constant as
possible. I prefer the use of iron and zinc, and to have two cells with about
eighteen superficial inches of zinc in each; the power of the machine must be
regulated by the amount of the zinc immersed.
The arrow upon the plan denotes the direction in which the cylinder E, E,
is intended to revolve. The change of polarity of the magnets of the cylinder
E, E, must be so regulated that as they approach the magnets of the stationary
case B, they shall be of a different polarity, and so attract and be attracted by
each other, and when receding from them their polarity having been changed
when passing, they are of the same polarity, and therefore will repulse, and are
repulsed by each other. Motion and power are transmitted from the cylinder
E, E, by means of the bevel wheels, shaft, and pulley O, O, or any other
suitable mechanical arrangement.
The magnet may be constructed of a horse-shoe or of any other convenient
shape, and be made of round or any other shaped iron; I prefer the horse-
shoe form, made of iron, of about one inch broad, by a quarter of an inch thick,
with rounded edges, as shown in the Drawing. The magnets should be about

page_text: four inches long, and if placed in the lines of the radii of the circle, their ends
must either be curved or bevelled, as shown in Fig. 3; or the magnets may
be placed diagonally to the radii, as shown in Fig. 4, so that in any case the
surfaces of their poles shall not be tangential to the circle.
Having now described my Invention of "Improved Means of and Apparatus
for Obtaining Motive Power," and having explained the manner of carrying
the same into effect, I would observe, that although I have shewn in the
accompanying Drawings an arrangement of parts which will be found con-
venient and suitable for effecting the desired object, I do not mean or intend
to confine myself rigidly thereto, as the construction and arrangement of some
of the parts is susceptible of considerable modification, without departing from
the nature and object of my Invention; for instance, instead of arranging that
the magnets of the outer or fixed case B should be constant in their polarity,
as described, and the magnets of the inner or rotating cylinder E to change in
their polarity when passing the others, as above described, this arrangement
may be reversed, that is, the polarity of the magnets of the outer frame may
be made to change, and the polarity of the magnets of the inner or rotating
frame may be made constant.
In conclusion, I would remark, that the Invention which I claim as new,
and desire to protect by Letters Patent is, the mode herein shewn and
described (or any mere modification thereof) of constructing, arranging,
combining, and operating sets of induced and permanent magnets, for the
purpose of obtaining motive power therefrom.
I also claim the mode herein shewn and described of changing the polarity
of the magnets.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Columbus Hurry, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Fifth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
H. C. HURRY. (L.S.)