IMPROVEMENTS IN PULVERIZING MACHINES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN ALLISON, of the firm of Allison Brothers, Patent Agents,
of 52 Chancery Lane, London, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PULVERIZING MACHINES," which
invention has been communicated to me from abroad by John Burger Waring,
of the City of New York, in the County and State of New York, United
States of America, Civil Engineer, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
I will describe a pulverizing machine embodying my improvement and then
point out the various novel features in claims,
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1, is a vertical section of a machine embodying my improvement, the
section being taken transversely to the shaft, and
Figure 2, is a central vertical section of the machine taken in the direction of
the shaft.
°
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in both figures.
A designates a chamber consisting, as here shown, of two rings a, a¹, inter-
matched so as to form a tight joint, and two heads a³, a³, fitted to the outer edges
of the rings. Bolts a passing through the rings a, a, and through the edge
portions of the heads a³, a³, secure the several parts together. At the center of the
interior surface of the rings a, a', is a circumferential recess a³, into which. is fitted
a ring of steel a. The interior of this ring of steel is transversely concaved, or,
in other words, is diametrically smaller at the side edges than at the center.
Externally, it tapers transversely from the center to the edges. The bottom of
the recess a, is tapered from the center to the edges to correspond with the exterior
of the ring a. Between the bottom of the recess a³ and the ring as, is preferably.
interposed a packing of india rubber or analogous material a7. The ring a, is
clamped tightly between the rings a, a¹. It can be removed and a new one
substituted for it at pleasure. The packing a', enables the ring as, to be clamped
tightly, and yet allows for differential expansion and contraction between the parta,

page_text: The bead a', is shown as quite flat, except at the outer edge, where it is rounded
inward, so that its interior surface is approximately coincident with the interior of
the ring a. At the center of this head is an outwardly tapering tubular portion a³,
through which the material to be pulverized enters the chamber; from the tapering
portion a³, a tube a³, extends upwards to a hopper, whence the material to be b
pulverized is fed to the chamber.
The head a³, is of cone shape or tapering form from the ring a', to a central
tubular portion a¹0 which extends outwards and communicates with a tube a".
This tube a¹¹ is shown as extending upwardly, and it is to be connected to a suction
blower, whereby a current of air is caused to flow through the machine.
The chamber A, may be stationary, but preferably it will be capable of rotating.
In the present example of my improvement the chamber is adapted to rotate, hence
the tubular portions as, a¹0, of the heads a³, a³, are made externally cylindrical to
serve as trunnions, and are supported in bearings a", comprised in standards a¹³.
The standards a" are erected on base pieces a" and secured thereto by bolts.
The tubes a³ and all do not rotate with the chamber. Around the tubes a⁹
and all, at their junction with the tubular portions a³ and al° of the heads a³, a³,
packings b, are applied. They may consist of rope saturated with tallow or
analogous material.
All the parts of the chamber A, and the appurtenances thereof which
described, excepting only the ring a, and the bolts, may be made of cast iron.
1
have 2
In the chamber A, are pulverizeing rollers B, which travel in close proximity
with the interior surface of the ring a. These rollers B, are propelled by rollers C.
The rollers B and C are combined with a carrier D, whereby they are revolved.
As they revolve within the chamber A they rotate on their axes. The carrier D is 2
affixed to a shaft E.
The shaft E extends through the chamber A and tubes a³, all; where it passes
through the tubes a, a, sleeves a¹ extend inwardly from the tubes around it,
and discs a¹e, surround it closely outside the tubes to prevent leakage.
The shaft is supported in bearings e, comprised in standards e¹, erected on the 3
base pieces a
The carrier D consists essentially of two plate-like portions d, an intermediate
hub-like portion d³, and connecting portions d². It may be made in one piece and
of cast iron.
The propelling rollers C are arranged upon shafts c, supported on the carrier, but a
the pulverizing rollers B have no shafts. The portions d of the carrier are arc
shaped and they form guards, preventing the rollers B from dropping down when
the motion of the carrier stops. When the machine is in operation, the propelling
rollers, C force the pulverizing rollers B around the chamber A. As soon as the
pulverizing rollers B acquire sufficient centrifugal force they fly out close to the 4
interior surface of the ring a, and thereafter they travel around such ring. The
rollers B, C, may advantageously be made of steel. The material to be disintegrated
is reduced mainly between the ring a, and the pulverizing rollers B.
The pulverizing rollers B are made convex across the periphery, so as to corre-
spond with the interior surface of the ring a³. The propelling rollers C have 4
their peripheries concaved. By making the rollers B, C, respectively convex and
concave, and by making the ring a of the chamber A concave, the rollers B are
guided, and all the rollers are centered relatively to each other and prevented from
moving laterally.
The rotary motion which the rollers B impart to the rollers C tends to neutralize 5
the centrifugal force generated in the rollers C, for the force with which the
rollers B act upon the rollers C is exerted at such point as to tend to force the
rollers inwards, or, in other words, towards the center of the chamber A.
Any material which may by adherence to the pulverizing rollers B be carried
around with the said pulverizing rollers, will be further pulverized between these 5
rollers and the propelling rollers C.
..
t

page_text: To the carrier D is secured by means of screws or otherwise, a plate or disc F,
which may be made of steel or iron. This plate or disc is considerably smaller
diametrically than the interior surface of the ring a. The suction blower that is
connected with the tube a¹¹, induces a current of air through the machine. This
current of air enters the tube a³, passes thence into the chamber A, passes around
the edges of the plate or disc F, and out of the tube a".
If desirable, the current of air issuing from the chamber A, after passing to an
apparatus wherein the great bulk of pulverized material is separated from it, may
be returned by the blower to the chamber A, in order to be used over and over
again for the purpose of avoiding the waste of pulverized material which it may
contain. When the current of air is thus returned it will preferably re-enter
through a branch a" of the tube aº.
If desirable, the head a' may have a head like the head a³, substituted for it,
and then the material to be pulverized may be fed into each head through a tube a¹8,
shown in dotted outline. In such case the material to be pulverized may not only
be fed into each head of the chamber, but the pulverized material may be removed
from each head.
The exterior of the rings a, a¹, of the chamber A, is adapted to receive a belt G,
which also passes around a pulley H, on a rotary shaft H¹. On the shaft H' is
also affixed a pulley H². A belt I passes around the pulley H', and also around a
pulley I, upon the shaft E. The shaft H' may be mounted in any suitable bearings
and rotated by any desirable motor..
The belt I transmits motion from the shaft H¹ to the shaft E. The chamber A
acquires a tendency to rotate in the direction in which the rollers B, C, revolve.
The belt G, running on the pulley H, enables the driving shaft H¹ to resist this.
motion. To the extent to which the shaft H¹ resists the motion of the chamber A,
the chamber A aids in propelling the shaft H¹. By substituting for the pulley H,
pulleys of different sizes the rate of speed at which the chamber will rotate will
be varied. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the chamber may of
course be changed by varying the speed of the rotation of the chamber. This can
be done without altering the speed of the revolution of the rollers B, C.
During the operation of the machine the material to be pulverized acquires a
centrifugal force and flies out against the ring a³.
The pulverizing rollers act on the material to be pulverized throughout the
entire inner surface of the ring a when the said material is distributed all around
the ring a, hence the wear of this ring is much, more uniform than it otherwise
would be. This also results in obviating the shocks which occur when pulverizing
is done only at one part of the chamber of a pulverizer.
The force of the current of air which passes through the chamber A may be
varied by using a larger or smaller plate or disc F, so as to contract or enlarge the
space between the edge of the disc and the adjacent part of the chamber A.
By changing the speed of the rotation of the chamber A, and the force of the
air current passing through the chamber, material reduced to varying degrees of
fineness may be delivered.
C'
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a pulverizing machine, the combination of a chamber into which the
material to be pulverized is introduced, loose pulverizing rollers, a carrier, and
rollers journalled in the carrier and serving to propel the pulverizing rollers,
substantially as specified.
2. In a pulverizing machine the combination of a chamber into which the material
to be pulverized is introduced, loose pulverizing rollers, a carrier, rollers journalled
in the carrier and guards comprised in the carrier for preventing the loose rollers
from dropping from the top to the bottom, substantially as specified.

page_text: 3. In a pulverizing machine the combination of a chamber having concave
interior surface for receiving the material to be pulverized, loose pulverizing rollers
having a convex periphery corresponding to the concave interior surface of the
chamber, a carrier, and rollers having a concave periphery corresponding to the
convex surface of the pulverizing rollers, substantially as specified.
4. In a pulverizing machine the combination of a chamber into which the
material to be pulverized is introduced, loose pulverizing rollers, a carrier, rollers
journalled in the carrier and guards, and a disk attached to the carrier, substantially
as specified.
5. In a pulverizing machine the combination of a rotary chamber into which the
material to be pulverized is introduced, pulverizing rollers arranged within the
chamber and adapted to revolve in the same direction as that in which the chamber
rotates.
.. 6. In a pulverizing machine the combination of a rotary chamber into which
the material to be pulverized is introduced, pulverizing rollers arranged within
the chamber, a carrier, rollers journalled to the carrier and serving to propel the
loose rollers; all the said rollers being adapted to revolve in the same direction in
which the chamber rotates, substantially as specified.
7. In a pulverizing machine the combination of a rotary chamber into which
the material to be pulverized is introduced, pulverizing rollers arranged within the
chamber, a carrier for the pulverizing rollers, a belt from the chamber to a pulley
on a shaft and a belt from another pulley on the said shaft to a shaft on which the
Baid carrier is mounted, substantially as specified.
8. The combination of the rings a, a¹, the ring a³, and the bolts a*, substantially
as specified.
.
9. In a pulverizing machine the combination with a horizontally rotating
chamber, of hollow trunnions on said chamber upon which said chamber rotates
and through which materials to be pulverized may be received and discharged.
10. In a pulverizing machine the combination with a horizontally rotating
chamber of trunnions on said chamber upon which said chamber rotates, and
through which material to be pulverized may be received and discharged as
described.
Dated 1: 001 dan of Ontoh100K