Improvements in Type-writers and their Accessories.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Dec., 1893-Accepted, 23rd Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type-writers and their Accessories.
I JOHN LEA of 304 Bold Street, in the City of Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster, of no occupation, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
Referring to my Complete Specification 4164", I adopt an alternative .method
of guiding the paper, envelopes &c., into and through the machine by dispensing
with the driving bands and their adjuncts and affixing across the tablet, at an
interval of about 3 inches from the lower edge of the tablet and raised about
three quarters of an inch above the front surface-a metal plate, about three
quarters of an inch wide, slotted throughout its entire length, excepting about half
an inch at each of its euds, with a slot about one third of its width. To range
within the entire length of this slot, I provide two metal bars, each about six inches
long and of a width equal to the elevation of the slotted bar above the surface of
the tablet and with a rectangular lip on each, so that a threaded guide stud, passing
through the slot, may be attached to each to regulate and fix their relative
positions always in parallel to each other and to the sides of the tablet. To provide
for the traction of the paper &c., through the machine I conjoin with the roller
platen a small roller about half an inch in diameter, which I carry in contact with
the roller platen on two small plates which are pivoted at the sides of the travelling
frame and ascend above their pivots sufficiently, for the attachment of a small flat
spring to each, for the purpose, of pressing the small roller with necessary force,
against the surface of the roller platen..
In connection with the inner graduated scale, I provide a cutting edge of metal,
parallel, with the upper edge of the scale and formed out of the same plate of
metal to show, as a slot, an interval of about three quarters of an inch and to act
as a knife at its upper edge, for the purpose of readily detaching arbitrary lengths
of the paper passing through the machine, so that, on a continuous roll of paper,
any portion may be separated without disturbing the remainder in its position in
the machine. This compound appliance of graduated scale and paper cutter is
attached to the machine by two metal springs, severally soldered or riveted on to
the extrenie outer ends of the lower edge of the graduated scale or the extreme
upper corners of the paper cutter, and which springs are severally screwed on to
the turn-over border of the two metal slides which carry the roller platen or to a
convenient point of the shift frame above the cutting edge, so as by their resilience
to press the graduated scale and paper cutter to the surface of the roller platen
and hold the passing paper in close but yielding contact with the roller platen.
For the purpose of conducting the paper &c., round an adequate portion of the
circumference of the roller platen and guiding it in a convenient course after being
written upon, I provide two slender metal springs, similar to that carrying a small
roller in use on each No. 2, "Remington type-writer," (but without the roller) and
similarly attached to the rod in front of the roller platen. These springs are
curved to grasp, closely the roller platen, around which their lower arms extend to a
fraction of an inch below the upper edge of the graduated scale, on which they
rest, and the upper arm of the curve is carried to embrace, with the lower arm
about one third or two fifths of the entire circumference of the roller platen, from
which point it may be extended, tangentially, to guide the passing sheet of paper
underneath the frame on the tablet which carries the paper guides..

page_text: "
As a method of attaching the inner graduated scale optional with 'that described
in my. Specification for "Improvements in Type-writers and their Accessories
No. 14,521, where the pressure of the scale on the roller platen is governed by
spiral springs, on a shaft on which the scale is fixed, I rivet, pivotally, on each
end of the scale, a flat spring of suitable strength and of appropriate length for
the attachment to any convenient points of the slides which carry and oscillate the
roller platen to which slides the flat springs are annexed by screws which permit
them to range to any extent that may be necessary to adjust the inner graduated
scale to perfect correspondence with the front outer scale. On the ends of the
inner graduated scale, just beyond the limits of the subdivisions, I rivet a thin
metal plate of steel or hard spring brass, about half an inch wide, with projecting
lips to produce a slot-like interval of about half an inch between the engraved edge
of the scale and the lower edge of the annexed plate for the free action of the
type. The upper and outer edge of the annexed plate is to represent a paper
cutter so that at any point of the progress of the paper through the machine it
may be readily cut into any arbitrary lengths.
j
For the readier and less obstrusive production of spaces between lines, I pivot
a small lever, with a projecting pawl traversing in a line with the ratchet disc at
the end of the roller platen and I shape and pivot the pawl projection to act on
the front of the ratcheted disc by depression of the lever arm, so as to revolve the
roller platen in the required direction through any prescribed range as determined
by regulation on the lever.
For the more expeditious production of considerable spaces between lines,
attach to each end. of the roller platen shaft a windlass arm by which, from either
side of the machine, a rapid revolution of the roller platen may be effected.
For the ready elevation of the ratchet bar or "dog," at the back of the machine,
1 pivot a lever at either side of the travelling carriage frame which lever by the
depression of its front arm shall raise the ratchet bar or "dog" so that the
traversing carriage may fairly yield to the traction of the motor spring.
For the guidance of the printing ribbons, whether monochrome or polychrome, to
a close approximation of the roller at the printing point, I employ an improved metal
frame similar to that depicted in the drawings accompanying my Complete Specifi-
cation, No. 4164" (Fig. 8). This improved guide; frame has projecting ends of metal
which cross the ribbon.slots in the frame of the machine and, rest and slide on the
surface of the upper plate of the machine and, by their curvature, raise the top of the
frame to any required approximation to the roller platen and, by the movement of
this frame, any exact transverse portion of a solitary ribbon or pair of ribbons may
be guided to the recording point. The legs of the conducting frame are securely
attached to the ribbon boxes which they restrain from revolving and which they
accompany in their movements, to and fro over the spool shafts. In order to move
the ribbon spools and boxes equally on their shafts, I affix on a small shaft to the
centre of the front of the machine, vertically or horizontally, a small grooved
wheel, say about one inch or less, in diameter and at opposite points of its
circumference I attach suitable catgut, or other tenacious cord, which I conduct
over two small wheels to be connected firmly with the ribbon boxes. On the front
projecting end of the shaft which carries the vertical or horizontal grooved wheel,
I affix a radial arm, with which to revolve the grooved wheel on its axis, at will, and
for the front bearing of the shaft of the grooved wheel; I employ a metal plate
representing a segment of a circle, which metal plate is first rigidly attached to
the front of the machine, vertically, and so as to form at its centre one of the
bearings of the shaft of the grooved wheel, the radial shaft of which revolves over
its face and indicates the revolutions of the grooved wheel, the movements of
which are exactly denoted by marked subdivisions on the segmental metal plates
and in order to fix the radial arm at any point of its range, small holes are drilled
in the segmental metal plate and a pin, governed by a tiny spiral spring, which passes
through the radial arm, to have its point inserted in any one of the provided stop-

page_text: "
holes. To secure continuous tension for the accurate regulation of the varying
positions of the ribbon-guiding frame, I place on the front of each of the two
spool-bearing shafts a spiral spring of sufficient energy to thrust the ribbon spools
and connected guide frame to their remotest rear position when not coerced by the
revolution of the vertical or horizontal grooved wheel in front of the machine,
with which said wheel, as described above, the ribbon. spools and accompanying
guide frame are firmly connected by catgut or other suitable cord. For the purpose
of conveniently presenting M.S. or other "copy" to the perusal of the operator,
I have devised a handy instrument, which is readily attachable to the front of the
paper guiding tablet, on the line of the slotted bar. The instrument consists of a
bar of metal-about three quarters of an inch wide, and of any required length,
with its ends of about one inch in-length turned up rectangularly, to be slotted for
the reception of a pair of small rollers constrained to permanent conjunction by
elastic bands or metal springs. Above and below the frame of the apparatus I
rivet, screw.or solder a coil of tin or other thin metal about four inches wide and
coiled, but with the open ends to represent a diameter of about one and a half
inches but with straight ends of about two inches for attachment to the frame.
Each coil presents its open end towards the frame. For practical application, the
apparatus is annexed to the slotted paper guiding frame on the tablet and the. M.S.
or other "copy" is loosely rolled, page after page, singly, and thrust into the
lower metal coil with the upper portion of the page projecting towards the
interstice of the rollers by which it is at once grasped by a turn of the lower
roller, to the projecting end of which a milled button is attached; by which the
succeeding lines of the "copy" are instantaneously produced and as the paper
ascends it is compactly collected in the upper metal coil, whence, at the end of the
page, it is readily withdrawn. As a further convenient accessory, I attach to the
tablet supports, a removable light automatic roller to carry any prescribed length
of paper which by being passed over the upper edge of the tablet into the
machine: may be written upon to any greater or less portion, and be cut off at
any required point by the paper cutter described above. For the preparation of
parti-colored ribbons required for "illuminating" records, I have devised, a
machine by which integral lengths of special ribbon are impregnated in any
proportions of promiscuous colors, with blank intervals of about six iuches
between consecutive colors, which blank intervals are waterproofed, in passing, so
as to prevent the mongrel mingling of proximate colors when folded on the ribbon
spools: My machine, consists of a strong upright wood frame, about four feet
high and four feet long. Its four corner supports are separated from their
immediate opposites about four inches by two connecting planks at the lower
portion of the machine and which constitute its virtual frame-work and leave the
upper portion of the construction open and conveniently accessible. From the
suinmit of each pair of corner supports, to a depth of about six inches, accurately
opposite slots are, cut to receive each a pair of metal rollers about three inches
in diameter and three to four inches wide. Over the axis. of each upper roller a
yoke: is suspended with sufficient projection below to receive ballast or lever.
agency to produce required friction between the rollers, each pair of which is
actuated by windlass handles fixed on a projecting end of each lower roller. To
the outer end of each of the four corner supports of the frame of the machine I
affix (in a groove or by staples) an upright bar of iron, three quarters of an inch
square and six to eight feet long and I connect them at their summits by metal
cross bars so as to represent a frame. The long sides of this frame are oppositely
drilled to carry metal shafts on the ends of which I affix grooved wood dises of
five or six inches in diameter, mounted on short wood shafts of about one inch in
diameter, so that when the combined diameters shall be actuated by a cord or band
operating on the shaft, the larger disc shall collect a multiple of the circumference
of the shaft. The grooved discs are geared in pairs at the opposite ends of each
metal shaft and to each short wood shaft a cord of given length is pinned and
arranged to ascend or descend reversely to its associated disc. To the loose end

page_text: of each attached cord I attach a small ring with a small tension weight above it.
Each ring is provided to receive a driving weight of lead-or other metal; having
a projecting hook to attach it to the ring that it may revolve the disc, by
gravitation. The groove in each disc is provided to receive and conduct a cord
or band to connect it with a spindle geared in a frame at the back of the metal
rollers and the circumference of whose driving pulley is only one fifth or one sixth
of that of the impelling disc so that, by a double accumulation, the spindle revolves
rapidly. To impregnate the ribbon in any variety of colors I project beyond the
end of the machine on firm iron brackets, a platform of the width of the end of the
machine, on a line to accommodate a super-structure for the application of the inking
réssels and an adjacent platform for the passing waterproofing of the prescribed
intervals between consecutive colors. The inking vessels are composed of metal and
are about six inches long, four inches wide and two inches deep. Near the long side
on which the ribbon first enters and is immersed there is a hinged cranked wire
which stretches across the vessel and is secured at its free end by a simple spring.
The cranked portion of the wire which descends to near the bottom of the ink.
ressel is straight for about four inches of its length and has a loose tube revolving
on it to facilitate the progress of the ribbon. Across the inside of the vessel
nearest to the metal rollers of the machine are affixed a pair of small rollers.
covered with india-rubber and constrained by elastic bands or small metal
springs; the upper roller being detachable to adinit the passing ribbon. To each.
pair of these small rollers when placed in position a ballasted yoke is attached to
the outer ends of the upper roller and a windlass lever to the one end of the lower
Foller, so as to revolve the pair and, by the pressure of the ballasted yoke, express
most of the super-saturation of the ribbon before it arrives at the larger metal
rollers where, by a nice adjustment of pressure, the exact impregnation is uniformly
secured. The protective intervals between the colors are quickly waterproofed as.
they pass from the rolls of ribbon at the rear. For the purpose of accurately
testing the impregnation immediately after it has passed through the finishing
metal rollers, I have devised a small instrument which represents the exact action
and precise average energy of a type-writer type-arm and which acts automatically
and uniformly and being applied to the ribbon under process, immediately after its
first portion has passed between the finishing metal rollers, denotes the relative
impregnation, which can be immediately varied in either direction; if necessary.
This instrument also accurately determines the relative durability of different
ribbons by repeating percussion on exactly the same spot on the ribbon whilst the
paper is progressing and thus fading impressions are obtainable till they vanish
and the greatest number of legible impressions denotes the greater serviceability.
This testing instrument is composed of an ordinary type-arm pivoted in a slot in
one of the longer sides of a small metal frame about three inches high and one
juch wide. The shorter lever end of the type-arm projects through the slot to the
interior of the metal frame and has pivoted on its end a tiny other lever which
is shouldered, to actuate the type-arm when the impulse on the tiny lever is
downwards but to freely yield when the actuation is upwards. To effect the
Actuation, I pass a slender metal rod through the upper and lower border of the
frame and arm it with a pawl to engage with the pivoted nib of the short-lever of
the type-arm and, by depressing it when the rod descends, to raise the longer end
of the type-arm through any prescribed are to be recoiled by a spiral or other
spring, to its normal position when the arm of the actuating vertical rod has passed
the nib of the shorter lever end of the type-arm, and, to restore the rod to its
normal position, I repose it on a spiral spring. The extremity of the longer lever
end of the type-arm is furnished with a metal type or small engraved die, which on
the recoil of the arm percusses on a pad suitably placed on a metal bar which is,
virtually, a projection of the lower, horizontal border of the frame which the
actuating rod penetrates and, by its uniform automatic energy, the armed type
lever, acting on intervening inked ribbon and paper, produces perfectly reliable
evidence of the degree of saturation. In order to test the durability of the

page_text: 29..
impregnation, I affix to the bottom border of the frame a tiny ratchet wheel to
be acted upon by the spring mounted rod and the bearing shaft of the tiny
ratchet, wheel projects on each side far enough to carry a small fixed groovedi
pulley to cooperate with corresponding, pullies affixed to the extremity of the bar
which carries the printing pad and which two pullies, on revolving, actuate two
very small rollers which are combined by an elastic band or other contrivance.
Underneath the " pad"-carrying bar, ffix, on projecting lip bearings, a small
roller to carry several yards of paper about a quarter of an incl wide, which
narrow paper I pass through a slot in the "pad"-carrying bar and insert between
the tiny rollers geared beyond the "pad" so that when the paramount motor rod
shall actuate the tiny ratchet wheel the little rollers in front of the "pad" will be
revolved to a sufficient extent to collect the last impression on the "pad" and
thus produce any required number of consecutive impressions; and if the tested
ribbon be firmly fixed, the paper strip will pass underneath till the coloring matter
in the fixed point of the ribbon be exhausted and the number of legible impressions.
will be the record of its original intensity. I have further devised means for
accurately guiding envelopes into the machine, consecutively, from a group placed
upon the surface of the tablet, between the paper guides. I provide a sheet of
tin or other thin metal of about two inches in width to cross the tablet below the
slotted bar and shape it at its ends so that its lower edge may lightly rest on the
surface of the tablet and its upper edge be raised about half an inch, to form &
quasi hopper into which the outspread lower edges of the group of envelopes are
inserted and by nicely regulated clasps at the lower edge of the "quasi hopper
I restrain the aperture between it and the surface of the tablet to a width that
will only allow of one envelope to pass, at a time. This appliance may either be
annexed to the sides of the tablet or be attached to the slotted bar.
Dated this Twenty first day of Fahmir 1802
»
...
Improvements in Type-writers and their Accessories.
CHARLES HERBERT KELLY 5 Clayton Square Liverpool Executor of the late
John Lea of 30 Bold Street, in the City of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancashire, of no occupation do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
66
Referring to my Complete Specification 4164", for Improvements in
Typewriters and their Accessories," I adopt an alternative method of guiding the
paper, envelopes, &c., into and through the machine by dispensing with the driving
bands and their adjuncts and affixing across the tablet, at an interval of about three
inches from the lower edge of the tablet and raised about three quarters of an inch
Above its front surface a metal plate, about three quarters. of an inch wide, and
slotted through its entire length, excepting about half an inch at each of its ends,
with a slot of about one third of its width. To range within the entire length of this
slot I provide two metal bars, each about six inches long, and of a width equal to the
elevation of the slotted bar above the surface of the tablet, and with a rectangular
lip on each, so that a threaded guide stud passing through the slot may be attached.
to each, to regulate and fix the relative position always in parallel to each other
and to the sides of the tablet. To provide for the traction of the paper, &c.
through the machine, I conjoin with the roller platen, a small roller about half an
inch in diameter, which I carry in contact with the roller platen on two small
plates, which are pivoted at the sides of the travelling frame and ascend above their
pivots sufficiently, for the attachment of a small flat spring.to each, for the purpose

page_text: of pressing the small roller with necessary force, against the surface of the roller
platen.
:
In connection with the inner graduated scale, I provide a cutting edge of metal.
parallel with the upper edge of the scale, and formed out of the same plate of
metal, to show as a slot an interval of about three quarters of an inch, and to act as
a knife at the upper edge, for the purpose of readily detaching arbitrary lengths of
paper passing through the machine, so that on a continuous roll of paper, any
portion may be separated without disturbing the remainder in its position in the
machine. This compound appliance of graduated scale and paper cutter is attached
to the machine by two metal springs, severally soldered or riveted on to the
extreme lower edge of the graduated scale or the extreme upper-corner of the
paper cutter and: which springs. are severally serewed on to the turn-over border of.
the two metal slides which carry the roller platen or to a corresponding point of the
shift frame above the cutting edge, so as by their resistance to press the graduated
scale and cutter to the surface of the roller platen and hold the passing paper in
close but yielding contact with the roller platen. For the purpose of conducting
the paper round an adequate portion of the circumference of the roller platen and
guiding it in a convenient course after being written upon, I provide two slender
metal springs similar to that carrying a small roller in use on the ends of No. 2
"Remington" typewriter, but without the roller, and similarly attached to the rod
in the front of the roller platen. These springs are curved to grasp, closely, the
roller platen, around which their lower arms extend to a fraction of an inch below
the upper edge of the graduated scale, on which they rest, and the upper arm of the
curve is carried to embrace, with the lower arm, about one third or two fifths.
of the entire circumference of the roller platen, from which point it may be
extended tangentially, to guide the passing sheet of paper underneath the frame of
the tablet which carries the paper guides.
For the guidance of the printing ribbons, whether monochrome or polychrome, to
a close approximation to the roller at the printing point, I employ an improved
metal frame, similar to that depicted in the drawings accompanying my Complete
Specification No. 4164" "Fig. 8." This improved guide frame, has projecting
ends of metal which cross the ribbon slots in the frame of the machine and rest and
slide on the surface of the upper plate of the machine and by their curvature raise
the guide, frame to any required approximation to the roller platen, and by the
movement of the frame any exact transverse portion of the solitary ribbon or pair
of ribbons may be guided to the recording point. The legs of the conducting
frame are securely attached to the ribbon boxes which they restrain from
revolving and which they accompauy in their movement to and fro on the
spool shaft.
In order to move the ribbon spools and boxes equally on their shafts, I affix on a
small shaft, to the centre or front of the machine, vertically or horizontally, a small
grooved wheel, say about one inch, or less in diameter and at opposite points of its
circumference I attach suitable cat-gut, or other tenacious cord; which I conduct
over two small grooves to be connected firmly with the ribbon boxes. On the front
projecting end of the shaft which carries the vertical or horizontal grooved wheel,
I affix a radial arm, with which to revolve the grooved wheel on its axis, at will;.
and for the front bearing of the shaft of the grooved wheel, I employ a metal plate.
representing the segment of a circle, which metal plate is rigidly attached to the
front of the machine and the radial arm of the shaft of the grooved wheel revolves.
over its face and indicates the revolutions. of the grooved wheel, the movements of
which are exactly denoted by marked subdivisions on the segmental metal plate;
and in order to fix the radial arm at any point of its range, small holes are drilled
in, the segmental metal plate and a pin, guided by a tiny spiral spring passes.
through the radial arm, to have its point inserted in any one of the provided.
stop holes.
To secure continuous tension for the accurate régulation of the varying position
of the ribbon guiding frame, I place on the front of each of the two spool-bearing

page_text: shafts a spiral spring of sufficient energy to thrust the ribbon.spools and connected
guide frame to their remotest rear position, when.not coerced by the revolution of
the vertical or horizontal grooved wheel in front of the machine, with which said
wheel, as described above, the ribbon spools and accompanying guide frame are
firmly connected by cat-gut or other flexible and suitable cord.
"
to the
For the purpose of conveniently presenting M.S. or other "copy
perusal of the operator, I have devised a handy instrument which is readily
attachable to the front of the paper guiding tablet, or the line of the slotted bar.
The instrument consists of a bar of metal about three quarters of an inch wide and
of any required length, with its ends of about one inch turned up rectangularly to
be slotted for the reception of a pair of small rollers constrained to permanent
conjunction by elastic bands or metal springs. Above and below the frame of the
apparatus I rivet, screw or solder on, a coil of tin or other thin métal about four
inches wide and coiled, but with open ends, to represent a diameter of about one and
a half inches but with straight ends of about two inches for attachment to the
frame. Each coil presents its open end towards the frame. For practical
application, the.M.S. or other copy is loosely folded, page after page, singly,
and thrust into the lower metal coil, with the upper portion of the page projecting
towards the interstice of the rollers, by which it is once grasped by a turn of the
lower roller, to the projecting end of which a milled button is attached by which
the succeeding lines of the "copy" are instantaneously produced and as the paper
ascends, it is compactly collected in the upper metal coil, whence at the end of the
page, it is readily withdrawn.
.. N
As a further convenient accessory, attach to the tablet on supports, a
removable light automatic roller, to carry any prescribed length of paper, which,
by being passed over the upper edge of the tablet into the machine may be written
upon to any greater or less portion and be cut off at any required point, by the
paper cutter described above.
For the preparation of parti-colored ribbons, required for "illuminating'
records, I have devised a machine by which integral lengths of special ribbon are
impregnated in any proportion of promiscuous colours, with blank intervals of
about six inches between consecutive colours, which blank intervals are water-
proofed, in-passing, so as to prevent the mongrel mingling of proximate colours
when folded on the ribbon spools. My machine consists of a strong, upright wood
frame, about four feet high and four feet long-its four corner supports are
separated from their immediate opposites about four inches, by two connecting planks
at the lower portion of the machine and which constitute its virtual framework
and leaves the upper portion of the construction open and conveniently accessible.
From the summit of each pair of corner supports, to the depth of about six inches,
accurately opposite slots are cut to receive each a pair of metal rollers about three
inches in diameter, and three to four inches wide... Over the axis of each upper roller
a yoke is suspended with sufficient projection below to receive ballast or lever agency
to produce required pressure between the rollers. Each pair of wheels is actuated
by a windlass handle fixed on a projecting end of each lower roller. To the
outer end of each of the four corner supports of the frame of the machine I
affix (in a groove or by shafts) an upright bar of iron, three quarters of an inch
square and six to eight feet long, and I connect at their summits by metal cross-
bars, so as to represent a frame. The long sides of the frame are oppositely
drilled to carry metal shafts, on the ends of which I affix grooved wood discs of
five or six inches in diameter, mounted on short wood shafts of about one inch in
diameter, so that when the combined diameters shall be actuated by a cord or
band operating on the shaft the larger disc shall.collect a multiple of the circum-
ference of the shaft. The grooved dises are geared in pairs at the opposite ends
of each metal shaft and to each short wood shaft a cord of given length is pinned
and arranged to ascend and descend reversely to its associated disc. To the loose
end of each attached cord I attach a small ring with a small tension weight above
it. Each ring is provided to receive a driving weight of lead or other metal,

page_text: having a projecting hook to attach it to the ring that it may revolve the disc, by
gravitation. The groove in each.disc is provided to receive and conduct a cord or
band to connect it with a spindle geared in a frame at the back of the metal
rollers, and the circumference of whose driving pulley is only one fifth or one sixth
of that of the impelling disc so that, by a double accumulation, the spindle
revolves rapidly.
To impregnate the ribbon in any given length, and in any variety of colours, I
project beyond the end of the machine, on firm iron brackets a platform of the
width of the end of the machine, and in a line to accommodate a superstructure
for the application of the inking vessels, and an adjacent platform for the passing
waterproofing of the prescribed intervals between consecutive colours.
The inking vessels are composed of metal and are about six inches long, four
inches wide and. two inches deep. Near the long side in which the ribbon first
-enters, and is immersed, there is a hinged, cranked wire, which stretches across the
vessel and is secured at its free end by a simple spring. The cranked portion of
the wire which descends to near the bottom of the ink vessel, is straight for about
four inches of its length, and has a loose 'tube revolving on it, to facilitate the
progress
of the ribbon. Across the inside of the vessel nearest to the metal rollers
of the machine are a pair of small rollers covered with india-rubber and constrained
by elastic bands or small metal, springs; the upper roller being detachable to
admit the passing ribbon. To each pair of these small rollers when placed in
position a ballasted yoke is attached, to the outer ends of the upper roller and a
windlass lever to one end of the lower roller, so as to revolve the pair and, by the
pressure of the ballasted yoke, express most of the super-saturation of the ribbon
before it arrives at the larger, metal rollers where, by a nice adjustment of
pressure, the exact impregnation is uniformly secured. The protective intervals.
between the colours are quickly. waterproofed as they pass from the rolls of ribbon
.at the rear.
For the purpose of accurately testing the impregnation immediately after the
ribbon has passed through the finishing metal rollers, I have devised a small
instrument which represents the exact action and precise average energy of a type-
writer type-arm and, which acts automatically and uniformly and being applied to
the ribbon ander process, immediately after its first portion has passed between
the finishing metal rollers, denotes the relative impregnation, which can be
immediately varied in either direction, if necessary. This instrument also
accurately determines the relative durability of different ribbons by repeating
percussion. on exactly the same spot on the ribbon, whilst the paper is progressing
and thus fading impressious are obtainable till they vanish and the greater.number
of legible impressions denote the greater durability. This testing instrument is
composed of an ordinary type arm pivoted in a slot in one of the long sides of a
small metal frame about three inches high and one inch wide. The shorter lever
end of the type arm projects through the slot to the interior of the metal frame
and has pivoted on its end a tiny other lever which is shouldered to actuate the
type arm. when the impulse on the tiny lever is downwards but to freely yield
when the actuation is upwards. To affect the actuation, I pass a slender metal
rod through the upper and lower border of the frame and arm it with a pawl to
engage with the pivoted nib.of the short lever of the type arm and, by depressing
it when the rod descends, to raise the longer end of the type arm through, any
prescribed arc, to be, recoiled by a spiral or other spring to its normal position
when the arm of the actuating vertical rod has passed the nib of the shorter lever
end of the type arm and to restore the pawl to its normal position, I repose it on a
spiral spring. The extremity of the longer lever end of the type arm is furnished
with a metal type or small engraved die, which on the recoil of the arm, percusses
on apad, suitably placed on a metal bar which is virtually a projection of the
lower horizontal border of the frame which the actuating rod penetrates and by its
uniform automatic energy the armed 'type lever, acting on intervening inked
ribbon and paper produces perfectly reliable evidence of the degree of saturation.

page_text: In order to test the durability of the impregnation, I affix to the bottom border
of the frame, a tiny ratchet wheel, to be acted upon by the spring mounted rod,
and the bearing shaft of the tiny ratchet wheel projects on each side far enough
to carry a small fixed grooved pulley, to co-operate with corresponding pulleys
affixed to the extremity of the bar which carries the printing, and which two
pulleys on revolving, actuate two very small rollers which are combined by an
elastic band or other contrivance. Underneath the "pad"-carrying bar I fix
on projecting lip-bearings, a small roller to carry several yards of paper
about a quarter of an inch wide, which narrow paper I pass through a slot
in the " pad "-carrying bar, and insert between the tiny rollers geared beyond
the "pad," so that when the paramount motor rod shall actuate the tiny ratchet
wheel, the little rollers in front of the "pad" will be revolved to sufficient
extent to collect the first impression on the "pad", and thus produce any
required number of consecutive impressions, and if the tested ribbon he firmly
fixed the paper strip will pass underneath until the colouring matter in the fixed
portion of the ribbon be exhausted, and the number of legible impressions, will be
the record of its original intensity.
I have further devised means for accurately guiding envelopes into the machine,
consecutively, from a group placed upon the surface of the tablet, between the
paper guides. I provide a sheet of tin or other thin metal of about two inches in
width to cross the tablet below the slotted bar and shape it at its ends so that its
lower edge may lightly, rest on the surface of the tablet, and its upper edge be
raised about half an inch, to form a quasi hopper, into which, the outspread lower
edges of a group of envelopes are inserted and by nicely regulated clasps at the
lower edge of the "quasi" hopper, I restrain the aperture between it and the
surface of the tablet to a width that will only allow of one envelope to pass at a
time. This appliance may either be annexed to the sides of the tablet or be attached
to the slotted bar.
As a method of attaching the inner graduated scale optional with that described
in my Specification for "Improvements in Typewriters and their Accessories
No. 4168°. When the pressure of the scale on the roller platen is governed by
spiral springs-on a shaft on which the scale is fixed-l rivet, pivotally on each
end of the scale a flat spring, of suitable strength and of approximate length for
the attachment to any convenient points of the slides which carry and oscillate the
roller platen, to which slides the flat springs are annexed by screws which permit
them to range to any extent that may be necessary to adjust the inner graduated
scale to perfect correspondence with the front outer scale. On the ends of the
inner graduated scale just beyond the limits of the subdivisions, I rivet a thin
metal plate of steel or bard brass, about half an inch wide with projecting lips to
produce a slot-like interval of about half an inch between the engraved edge of
the scale and the lower edge of the annexed plate for the free action of the type.
The upper and greater edge of the annexed plate is to represent a paper cutter, so
that at any point of the progress of the paper through the machine it may readily
cut the paper in any arbitrary lengths.
For the readier and less obtrusive production of spaces between lines, I pivot a
small lever with a projecting pawl traversing in a line with the ratcheted disc at
the end of the roller platen and I shape the pawl projection to act on the front of
the ratcheted disc by depression of the lever arm, so as to revolve the roller platen
in the required direction and through any prescribed range as determined by
regulations on the lever arm.
For the more expeditious production of considerable spaces between lines, I
attach to each end of the roller platen shaft, a windlass arm, by which from either
side of the machine a rapid revolution of the roller platen may be effected.
For the readier elevation of the ratchet har or "dog," at the back of the machine,
I pivot a lever at either side of the travelling carriage frame, which lever by the
depression of its front arm shall raise the ratchet bar or dog," so that the
traversing carriage may freely yield to the traction of the motor spring.
66
12

page_text: In order that my invention may be more clearly understood and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying drawings, more fully to
describe the same.
"'
Fig. 1 is front elevation of paper and envelope guide on tablet,
Fig. 2 side elevation of same.
Fig. 3 ribbon guide,
Fig. 4 side elevation of same.
Fig. 5 front elevation of automatic roller for carrying any length of paper,
attached to the paper tablet.
:
1
Fig. 6 side elevation of same.
Fig. 7 front elevation of envelope hopper,
Fig. 8 section of same.
Fig. 9 front elevation of copy-holder,,
Fig. 10 section of same.
Fig. 11 front elevation of small single roller for continuous supply of paper,
through the machine, attachable to top of tablet Fig. 1.
Fig. 12 side elevation of same.
Fig. 13 graduated scale and cutting edge.
Figs. 14. 15. 16. 17 front and side elevations of apparatus for controlling move-
ment of ribbon boxes..
'
$
Figs. 18. 19 front and side elevations of paper and envelope guiding springs.
Fig. 20 side elevation of apparatus for testing the impregnation of ribbons.
21 front elevation of same.
Fig.
Fig. 22 back elevation of same.
Fig. 23 front elevation of inking vessel,
Fig. 24 section of same.
Fig. 25. left side elevation of apparatus for inking ribbons,
Fig. 26 front elevation of same,
Fig. 27 right side elevation of same,
Fig. 28. back elevation of same.
In Figures 1 & 2.-A represents the paper tablet, B a metal plate slotted
throughout its entire length excepting about half an inch at each end, attached to
the tablet and raised about inch from its surface to range within the entire length
of this slot, are two metal bars C about 6 inches long, and of a width equal to the
elevation of the slotted bar; attached to each are two threaded guide studs D
which regulate and fix the relative position to each other and to the sides of the
tablet.
Figs. 3 & 4. E is a metal frame with projecting ends F which cross the ribbon
slots in the frame of the machine and rest and slide on the surface of the upper
plate of the machine, and by their curvature raise the guide frame to any required
approximation to the roller platen, and by the movement of the frame any exact
transverse portion of the solitary ribbon, or pairs of ribbons may be guided to the
recording point. The legs of the conducting frame G are securely attached to the
ribbon boxes which they restrain from revolving, and which they accompany in
their movement to and fro on the spool shaft.
Figs. 5 & 6 is an apparatus for attaching to paper tablet for carrying continuous
rolls of paper to printing platen. H. H', are two light rollers, running in
frames L. L', with thumb screws J. J. To the roller His attached a pulley K,
and to the roller H₁ a pulley of smaller diameter K', these are connected by endless
bands M. This arrangement may be permanently attached to the paper tablet, or
may be slipped on in any suitable manner.
•
Figs. 7 & 8 is an envelope hopper, constructed of a piece of thin metal N, about
two inches in width in front and about 2 at back, shaped as shewn in section
(Fig. 8) with open bottom, this appliance may either be annexed to the sides of
the tablet, or attached to the slotted bar.
Figs. 9 & 10 is a copy-holder constructed of a bar of metal S, with ends turned
up rectangularly, and slotted for the reception of a pair of rollers T. T'. These

page_text: rollers are kept in permanent conjunction by elastic bands or metal springs.
Roller T is actuated by thumb screw S. Above and below this frame is
fastened a coil of tin or other thin metal R about four inches wide and coiled as .
shewn in section,-(Fig. 10).
י! :
F
Figs. 11 & 12 is a single roller V. to provide for a continuous supply of paper
through the machine, this is carried by two clasps U. U on top of tablet Fig. 1.
secured by thumb-screws U" as shewn in side elevation. (Fig. 12.)
i
Fig. 13 is an inner graduated scale combined with a cutting edge, constructed
of a suitable strip of metal W slotted in centre to allow of type striking the
printing platen, the upper edge being the cutting edge, for the purpose of readily.
detaching arbitrary lengths of the paper passing through the machine from a
continuous roll of paper, this is attached to the machine by two metal
springs WW", severally fastened on to the extreme outer ends of the graduated
scale and cutter, and which are severally screwed on to the turn-over borders of
the two metal slides which carry the roller platen.
Figs. 14. 15. 16. 17.-Apparatus. for controlling the movement of ribbon spools
and boxes.
a is a small shaft carrying a grooved wheel a, on the front end of the shaft is
affixed a radial arm Y, which revolves the grooved wheel on its axis, for the
bearing of this shaft, a metal plate X representing the segment of a circle is
used, and is rigidly attached to the front of the machine, the radial arm revolves
over its face and indicates the revolutions of the grooved wheel, the movements of
which are exactly denoted by perforations X on the segmental metal plate, into
which I engage a pin attached to handle Z-which passes through radial arm,
and is guided by a tiny spiral spring. At opposite points of the circumference
of the grooved wheel is attached cat-gut or other tenacious cord, which is
conducted over small grooves C (Figs. 16. 17) carried by arms b attached to ends
of machine, and is thence connected firmly with the ribbon boxes.
Figs. 18 & 19.-Springs for accurately guiding paper and envelopes into
machine.
d is a thin strip of metal shaped as in Fig. 18,-curved to grasp closely the roller
platen around which their lower arms extend to a fraction of an inch below the
upper edge of the graduated scale on which they rest, and the upper arms of the curve
is carried to embrace, with the lower arm about one third or two fifths of the
entire, circumference of the roller platen from which point it may be extended,
tangentially to guide the passing paper underneath the frame on the paper tablet
which carries the paper guides.
Figs. 20. 21. 22.-Apparatus for testing the impregnation of inking ribbons...
fis:n metal plate supported by legs and carrying upright bearings e' at one
end, with cross plate/ at top. Adjacent are upright bearings having pivoted.
at pa type arm 7, the shorter end of type arm has pivoted on its end a small
lever m, which is shouldered to actuate the type lever, when the pressure on it.
is downwards, but to yield when the pressure is upwards. g is a metal rod kept
in position by spring g' passing through f& fi and carrying with it a pawl
to engage with small lever m. n & m' are springs to adjust the proper percussion
of the type arm. At the end of the type arm is placed a metal type or die
which on the recoil of the arm percusses on pad n'. Under plate is carried
shaft o, at the end of which, adjacent to the rod g, is mounted a ratchet wheel k,
this shaft is carried through to end of plate: f, and, there carries roller o¹
working on which is small roller P. This ratchet wheel is actuated by slotted
lever rod g working by a pin in slot lever h carries a pawl i, working
on ratchet wheel k spring fixing wheel when not acted on by pawl i. In front
is fixed small roller q to carry strip of narrow paper, which is passed up through
slot in plate over pad n' and through rollers o¹ & p.
Figs. 23 & 24 is the inking vessel.
* is a metal vessel shaped as shewn in section (Fig. 24) near the long.side..

page_text: in which the ribbon first enters and is immersed is a hinged cranked wire & which
stretches across the vessel and is secured at its free end by a simple spring, the
cranked portion of the wire which descends to near the bottom of the vessel is
straight for a portion of its length and carries a loose roller s,-to facilitate..
the progress of the ribbon. At the other long side of the vessel are carried two
rollers covered with rubber, and constrained by elastic bands or metal
springs, the upper roller being detachable.
Figs. 25. 26. 27. 28.-Ribbon impregnating apparatus.
A strong upright frame, 2. is constructed with slots, 4.-on opposite sides, cut
to receive a pair of metal rollers, 5. 5-over the axis of upper roller, 5. is
suspended a yoke, 6. carrying a weight, 7. to produce required pressure between
the rollers, these rollers are actuated by a windlass, 8. fixed on projecting end
of lower roller, these rollers are geared on the other side, by toothed wheels, 16.
the long side cross-bars of the frame are oppositely drilled to receive metal shafts,
on the ends of which are fixed grooved wood discs, 9, mounted on short wood
shafts. These grooved wood discs are geared. in pairs at opposite ends of each
metal shaft. To each short wood shaft a cord 10. of given length, is pinned and
arranged to ascend or descend reversely, to its associated disc. To the loose end
of each attached cord is attached a small ring, 11. with small tension weight, 12.
Each ring receives a driving weight of metal, 13. to revolve the disc by
gravitation. The groove in each disc is provided to receive and conduct a cord
or band, 14. to connect it with spindles, 15. geared in frame at back of metal
rollers, and carrying rollers, 20. Projecting beyond the end of the frame, on firm
iron brackets, is a platform, 3. to accommodate a superstructure for the reception
of the inking vessel, 17. (previously fully described) and an adjacent platform, 18.
for the waterproofing of the prescribed intervals between consecutive colors. In
front of platform, are spindles 19 to receive the ribbon bobbins, from which the
ribbon passes over the waterproofing platform, through the inking apparatus and
guiding rollers, 21. to the metal rollers, and thence to the receiving bobbins, 15.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do
not limit myself to the details of construction and shape as above described and
shewn in the drawings, as these may vary according to circumstances and
requirements without departing from the principles of the invention, but what I
claim is :
1. The slotted paper guide, substantially as herein shewn and described.
2. The sliding guide for spools and ribbon boxes substantially as herein shewn and
described.
3. The continuous paper roll carrier and guide substantially as herein shewn and
described.
4. The envelope hopper, substantially as herein shewn and described.
5. The copy-holder, substantially as herein shewn and described.
6. The roller and clips (Figs. 11 & 12.) substantially as herein shewn and
described.
7. The graduated scale and cutting edge, substantially as herein shewn and
described.
8. The ribbon spools and box controller, (Figs. 14. 15. 16. 17.) substantially as
herein shewn and described.
9. The paper and envelope spring guides, substantially as herein shewn and
described.
10. The ribbon testing apparatus (Figs. 20. 21. 22.) substantially as herein
shewn and described.
11. The ribbon saturating tray (Figs. 23. 24.) substantially as hercin shewn and
described.

page_text: 12. The machine for the preparation of particolored and other ribbons, and
waterproofing the same (Figs. 25. 26. 27. 28.) substantially as herein shewn and
described.
Dated this Twenty-third of December 1893.
CHAS. H. KELLY,
Executor of the late John Lea.