Improved Means for Lining Wells, Sewers, Conduits, and the like.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 5th May, 1892-Accepted, 18th Jun, 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means for Lining Wells, Sewers, Conduits, and the like.
I, CARL VETTER, a citizen of the United States, residing at 16th & Lawrence
Streets, Denver, in the County of Arapahoe, State of Colorado, United States of
America, Stone Cutter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained, in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in means for casing cavities or tiling
wells, sewers or other drains, water conduits, etc., and the object of the invention
is to provide a simple, inexpensive, and practicable means for walling these shafts,
conduits or drains whereby the work may be completed from the top downward,
thereby avoiding all danger of the caving of the walls as often happens in the case
of well shafts, the walls of which are often left in the imperfect or natural state
until the well has been dug to a considerable depth beneath the surface.
My improvement is specially designed for use in walling circular cavities. The
tiles for use are therefore made in sections having any desired surface area, said
sections being concavo-convex in shape, and having the radii of their curves
determined by the size of the cavity to be tiled. These sections are arranged in
series surrounding and engaging the natural walls the cavity, the sections being
cemented at the joints. Each circumferential series is held in place against the
natural walls of the cavity by an adjoining ring engaging the inner periphery of
the sections and crowding them out against the natural wall sufficiently tight
to hold them securely in place until the joints between the sections which are
cemented together are dry and hard. In the meantime other series of sections
may be placed in position and the work continued indefinitely.
It will thus be seen that by the use of my improved adjustable ring, a vertical
shaft may be tiled or walled from the top downward as it is formed, without
difficulty. For instance the vertical cavity is first formed to a depth equal to the
length of the sections, ordinarily about two or three feet. The sections are then
placed in position, their joints cemented and the ring adjusted as before stated.
The depth of the cavity is then increased to receive another series of these tile
sections, the upper series being prevented from slipping downward by the pressure
of the adjustable ring. In this manner the entire shaft is walled by locating the
series of sections in succession from the top downward as fast as the cavity is
formed.
My improvement will be fully understood by reference to the accompanying
drawing wherein is illustrated an embodiment of the invention. In this drawing,
Fig. 1 is an end view of a series of tile sections the adjustable ring being shown
in place.
Fig. 2 is an elevation partially in section of a shaft walled after the manner of
my improvement.
:
Figs. 3 and 4 are edge views of the adjustable ring, and
Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating the adjustable joint.
In these views wherein similar reference characters indicate like parts of the
mechanism let the numeral 10 designate the tile sections which may be constructed
of any suitable material as cement, sand and gravel moulded to the proper shape
and size and dried to a suitable hardness.
The adjustable supporting ring 15 consists of any suitable number of hinged
sections 20, the joints being formed in any suitable manner. A suitable con-
struction as shown in the drawing consists in forming a central tongue on the
extremity of one section and a corresponding groove or socket in one end of the

page_text: other section for the reception of the tongue. The parts are then united by a
pivot and so fashioned as to form a joint having perfect freedom of movement.
This ring when disconnected from the tiles it is designed to support may be
opened readily since one extremity 30 of one section 20 telescopes in the hollow or
tubular portion 35 of the adjoining section.
Extremity 30 is threaded and provided with a nut 40 correspondingly threaded
and screwed thereon. When the ring is in position for use the threaded extremity 30
extends into socket 35 which is large enough to receive it without friction and the
nut engages the end of the ring in which the socket is formed. It is evident
that by turning this nut the size of the ring may be increased or diminished at
pleasure.
In tiling vertical cavities a series of sections extending around the cavity is
first located, the joints cemented and the ring placed in position and adjusted so as
to cause sufficient friction between these sections and the natural walls to prevent
the sections from moving when the cavity is formed deeper by removing the
foundation originally supporting the sections and engaged by their lower
extremities.
In walling sewers, drains, etc., the sections 10 forming the lower portions of the
wall are first placed in position and the ring 15 located and adjusted. The
sections 10 forming the upper portion of the wall are then placed-in position outside
of the ring which supports them. After the cement uniting the joints of the
tile sections has become hard the ring is loosened and removed, and may then
be employed in walling another portion of the cavity. Hence in ordinary cases
only a few of these rings will be necessary, since each ring may be employed an
indefinite number of times. It will also be seen that ring 35 may have more than
one adjustable telescoping joint, one is however, considered preferable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim.is:-
:-
The combination in a means for walling cavities of the wall sectious and the
supporting ring consisting of a plural number of hinged parts having a single screw-
adjustable telescoping joint, one extremity of one of the parts of said ring containing
a socket, the adjoining extremity of one of the other parts being threaded and
provided with a nut, the threaded end of one part being adapted to enter the
socket of the other part during the adjustment of the ring which is accomplished
by turning the nut, substantially as described.
Dated this 11th day of April 1892.
CARL VETTER.