CANDLE MOULDING MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Cowles at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th November 1882.
EDWARD COWLES of Hounslow in the County of Middlesex
CANDLE MOULDING MACHINES
"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
My invention relates to the description of candle moulding machines now
generally employed wherein the candles are moulded in a series of tubes contained
inside a box or casing through which cold water is made to flow for causing the
candle material in the moulds to solidify. In such machines it is customary to have
four parallel rows of such tubular moulds, and owing to various mechanisms con-
nected with the machine for raising the candles out of the moulds &c, it is necessary
to make the water box of considerably greater width than the space actually
occupied by the moulds, and by this construction a considerably greater volume of
cooling water requires to be passed through the box than is actually needed for
acting on the moulds.
According to my present invention I obviate such unnecessary waste of water by
confining the moulds in comparatively small inner tanks or vessels formed within
the water box, so that the water being passed through the confined spaces of such
inner tanks is all brought into intimate contact with the moulds and is thus all
usefully employed in cooling them. The water being by preference introduced
into the lower ends of the said inner tanks, is made to rise up therein and pass
from the upper ends into the unused spaces of the surrounding water box from the
bottom of which it is led away through a pipe. By this means also the side
troughs and overflow pipos required for the machines of present construction are
dispensed with. The said inner tanks or receptacles may be constructed and
arranged in various ways; thus according to one arrangement I surround each row
or each pair of rows of the moulds with a small tank, only slightly greater in
width than the space occupied by the moulds or I surround each mould with a
separate tubular receptacle of such a diameter as to leave a small annular space
between it and the mould through which the cooling water is made to flow. Or
instead of forming a separate tank in the water box, the necessary confined spaces
may be formed therein by fixing partitions shutting off the superfluous spaces.
It is to be understood that in place of water, warm and cold air may be employed
for warming and cooling the moulds.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edward Cowles in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd May
1883.
EDWARD COWLES of Hounslow in the county of Middlesex
CANDLE MOULDING MACHINES
"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
My invention relates to the description of candle moulding machines now generally
employed, wherein the candles are inoulded in a series of tubes contained inside a
box or casing through which cold water is made to flow for causing the candle
material in the moulds to solidify. In such machines, it is customary to have four
parallel rows of such tubular moulds, and owing to the various mechanisms connected
with the machine for raising the candles out of the moulds, etc., it is necessary to
make the water box of considerably greater width than the space actually occupied
by the moulds, and, by this construction, a considerably greater volume of cooling
water requires to be passed through the box than is actually needed for acting on
the moulds.
According to my present invention, I obviate such unnecessary waste of water
by confining the moulds in comparatively small inner tanks or vessels formed within
the water-box, so that the water being passed through the confined spaces of such
inner tanks, is all brought into intimate contact with the moulds, and is thus all
usefully employed in cooling them. The water being by preference introduced
into the lower ends of the said inner tanks, is made to rise up therein and pass
from the upper ends into the unused spaces of the surrounding water box from
the bottom of which it is led away through a pipe. By this means also the side
troughs and overflow pipes required for the machines of present construction are
dispensed with. The said inner tanks or receptacles may be constructed and
arranged in various ways; thus, according to one arrangement, I surround each
row or each pair of rows of the moulds with a small tank, only slightly greater in
width than the space occupied by the moulds, or I surround each mould with a
separate tubular receptacle of such a diameter as to leave a small annular space
between it and the mould, through which the cooling water is made to flow. Or,
instead of forming a separate tank in the water box, the necessary confined spaces
may be formed therein by fixing partitions shutting off the superfluous spaces.
It is to be understood that in place of water, warm and cold air may be employed
for warming and cooling the moulds.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings shews an end view of a candle machine
with one arrangement of my above described invention applied thereto; Fig 2
shews a cross section, Fig. 3 a longitudinal section and Fig 4 a sectional plan.
The general construction of the machine is similar to that of candle machines now
in use, and need not be further described. In such machines, the casing A con-
taining the candle moulds B B has heretofore always been entirely filled with
water as above stated; according to my present invention, I introduce into the
casing two separate boxes or receptacles C C, within each of which are contained
two rows of the candle moulds, and these boxes alone are supplied with water,
thus economising the water that would otherwise fill the spaces D'D' D'. In order
to effect a very uniform distribution of the water in the boxes C C, the supply
pipe E is led to the middle of the central pipe E¹, in which it flows in both
directions to the perforated pipes E' E' in the lower parts of the boxes, so that the
water issues simultaneously and with equal pressure, along the whole length of

page_text: these pipes into the boxes, and, after rising up in the same, overflows through
openings at F into the outer casing A, where it falls to the bottom and is led off
through one or more escape pipes G. By this arrangement also the slide troughs
and more or less complicated and expensive arrangement of overflow pipes necessary
in the existing arrangements are dispensed with.
In order to gain access to the interior of the boxes C, for cleansing purposes, the
one end or both ends of the casing A is or are formed with openings closed by
covers H, and the boxes B have similar openings closed by covers opposite to these
so that, on removing the covers, the interiors of the boxes are accessible. According
to another modification, shewn at fig. 5, the boxes O are provided with a middle
partition C, the perforated pipe E* being situated below it, so as to supply the
water simultaneously to both compartments.
Fig. 6 shews an arrangement in which each candle mould B is surrounded by a
separate chamber or tube C, all communicating at bottom with the space C* into
which the water is fed by the supply pipe communicating with each end thereof.
The water, after rising in the tubes, overflows at the upper ends thereof into the
space D of the outer casing whence it is led off through an escape pipe.
As before stated, various other arrangements may be adopted for carrying out
my invention, and I do not limit myself to those shewn on the accompanying
drawings
Having thus described the nature of my invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, I claim in respect of candle moulding machines of the kind
herein referred to-
First Enclosing the moulds in the casing within chamber or spaces of a less
capacity than the outer casing, through which chambers the cooling or heating fluid
is made to circulate, so as to leave one or more spaces in the outer casing that are
not filled with the cooling or heating fluid, substantially as and for the purposes
herein set forth.
Second Constructing candle machines with inner chambers or boxes through
which the fluid is made to circulate, arranged and operating substantially as
herein described with reference to figs 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings.
:
Third Surrounding the moulds of candle machines with tubular chambers
through which the heating or cooling fluid is made to circulate substantially as
herein described with reference to fig 6 of the accompanying drawings
In witness whereof I the said Edward Cowles have hereunto set my band and
seal this sixteenth day of May in the year of our Lord, one thousand, eight
hundred and eighty-three.
EDWARD COWLES (LS.)