Improvements in Fans for Ventilation and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: Improvements in Fans for Ventilation and the like.
We, ARTHUR WILSON METCALFE and JOHN BARBOUR MORRISON, both of
Grove Mill Belfast in the County of Down, Flax Spiuners do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates chiefly to improvements in the construction and shape of
the blades and outer periphery of fans used for propelling air for purposes of
ventilation and the like. Also to improvements in the form of pulleys for driving
the same and for like purposes.
The blades are attached tangentially and radially around the axis upon which
they revolve, and around their outer extremity they are enclosed in a conical rim
smaller at the admission than the delivery side.
The said rim is for the purpose of taking advantage of the centrifugal tendency
of the revolving air in the fan to induce greater draught in passing from the
smaller to the larger diameter. Outside the above construction may be added one or
more similar conical rims connected to the inner one by blades fixed in a spiral
direction similar to the inner blades.
Upon and outside the outmost rim blades may be fixed in a similar spiral
direction to the above mentioned blades.
The construction of the conical rims may be either of a separate piece to which
the blades are attached, or may be built up from the outer extremity of each blade
being folded over to meet the next one in such a form as to make one continuous
periphery.
The above forms of fans especially when possessing the blades outside the rim
may be mounted to revolve inside a casing of similar conical shape but of larger
dinmeter, and this casing may be provided with fins or blades reaching towards the
blades of the fan and attached to the casing in a spiral direction to the axis but of
an opposite spiral to that of the fan blades. The revolving air from the fan when
striking the blades of casing is thus induced still further to pass outwards.
In front of the delivery or larger side of the fan stationary blades may also be
fixed sloping in spiral direction to the axis of the fan and of an opposite spiral to
the blades of the fan in order to further induce the outward current of air and to
resist back pressure. These stationary blades may be constructed to form at their
junction the support for one of the bearings of the fan axle.
The pulley for transmitting motion to the fan may be either attached to an axle
common to itself and the fan or it may be made of one piece with the fan centre
which may revolve upon a fixed stud.
The form of the above mentioned pulley is suited when desirable for both belt
and rope driving, having a portion for each and such pulleys may be applied for
any form of fan or other apparatus when it is uncertain which system of driving
may be adopted.
Dated this 26th day of February 1896.
ARTHUR W. METCALFE.
JOHN B. MORRISON.

page_text: Improvements in Fans for Ventilation and the like.
We ARTHUR WILSON METCALFE, and JOHN BARBOUR MORRISON, both of
Grove Mill, Belfast, in the County of Down, Flux Spinners do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates chiefly to improvements in the construction and shape of
the blades and outer periphery of fans used for propelling air for purposes of
ventilation and the like. Also to improvements in the form of pulleys for driving
the same and for like purposes.
The blades are attached tangentially and radially around the axis upon which
they revolve, and around their outer extremity they are enclosed in a conical rim
smaller at the admission than the delivery side. The said rim is for the purpose of
taking advantage of the centrifugal tendency of the revolving air in the fan to
induce greater draught in passing from the smaller to the larger dinmeter.
Outside the above construction may be added one or more similar conical rims
connected to the inner one by blades fixed in a spiral direction similar to the inner
blades. Upon and outside the outmost rim hlades may be fixed in a similar spiral
direction to the above mentioned blades. The construction of the conical rims
may be either of a separate piece to which the blades are attached or may be
built up from the outer extremity of ench blade being folded over to meet the next
one in such a form as to make one continuous periphery. The above forms
of fans especially when possessing the blades outside the rim may be mounted in
revolve inside a casing of similar conical shape but of larger diameter, and this
casing may be provided with fins or blades reaching towards the blades of the fan
and attached to the casing in a spiral direction to the axis but of an opposite spiral
to that of the fan blades. The revolving air from the fan when striking the blades
of the casing is thus induced still further to pass outwards. In front of the delivery
or larger side of the fan stationary bindes may also be fixed sloping in spiral
direction to the axis of the fan and of an opposite spiral to the blades of the fan in
order to further induce the outward curreut of air and to resist back pressure.
These stationary blades may be constructed to form at their junction the support
for one of the bearings of the fan axle.
The pulley for transmitting motion to the fan may be either attached to an
axle common to itself and the fan or it may be made of one piece with the fan
centre which may revolve upon a fixed stud. The form of the above mentioned
pulley is suited when desirable for both belt and rope driving having a portion for
cach and such pulleys may be applied for any form of fan or other apparatus when
it is uncertain which system of driving may be adopted.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 shows a sectional view of the improved fan.
Fige. 2 and 3 show, by sectional views, alternative forms of the rim of the fan, on
smaller scola than bie
Fig. 1 shows a sectional view of the improved fan.
Fige. 2 and 3 show, by sectional views, alternative forms of the rim of the fan, on
smaller scale than Fig
Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of another fan by way of illustration.
Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a smaller ventilating fan separated from its
supporting framing and
Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of the framing separately.
The blades a are attached to the nave or boss b, (fast on the driving spindle c)
and to the rim d. The fan revolves freely in the plate e. The spindle is provided
with a driving pulley c', shown in Fig. 1 as a double pulley, the part being

page_text: used when the power is transmitted by a belt or band, and the part c³ for ropo
driving.
The spindle c is supported in suitable bearings carried by brackets ff at opposite
sides of the plate e. For larger sizes of fans the bearing supports ff' may have
three or more arms.
Instead of the outer rim being in the form of a truncated cone, it may be formed
as shown in Figs. 2 or 3. In some cases the rim may be fixed, as by means of the
bracket 9₁ to the plate e the blades being made so as to clear the rim and revolve
freely within it.
In Fig. 1, the cone h, shown by chain lines, indicates the position of the inner
cone in the alternative of cones being built one outside another.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The construction and use of the blades of fans for ventilation and the like, with
their extremities farther from the centre at the delivery side thereof than at the
inlet side of the same, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The construction and use of fans for ventilation and the like with blades and
rim coned at their circumference or having their circumferences greater at the
delivery than at the inlet side as set forth, said rim being integral with or separate
from and co-operating with said blades, substantially as described and shown by the
drawings.
3. The construction or arrangement and use of parts of fans for ventilation and
the like so as the better to utilize the centrifugal tendency of the revolving air,
substantially as described and shown by the drawings.
4. The combination and use with a fan of the construction herein before described
and claimed of a double pulley adapted for the alternative use of flat belt, or round
cord, or rope driving, attached to the axis of or made integral with the fan centre,
as set forth.
5. The construction and use of a double pulley of the kind described in driving
alternatively, by flat belt, or round cord, a fau for ventilation and the like.
Dated the with day of November 1906
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56 Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicants.