IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE FOR ARCHITECTURAL AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Mc Donald, of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Builder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE FOR ARCHITECTURAL AND OTHER
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 28th January 1873, and dated the 22nd October 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John M° Donald at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd October 1872.
I, JOHN M° DONALD, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE FOR ARCHI-
TECTURAL AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention, which relates to an improved mode of combining
certain substances together in order to produce artificial stone in shapes
at once finished for architectural or other purposes, consists in using

page_text: sand, gravel, stone chips or flakes, as the chief material constituting the
said artificial products, and in combining these said materials together
by Portland, Roman, "Keen's," or other cements.
In carrying the Invention into practice the sand, gravel, or stone
chips or flakes, either mixed or not, are commingled with a proportion
of either one or more of the cements herein-before mentioned, after
which the mixture is moistened with water and placed in moulds of any
required shape; and in these moulds the said materials are allowed to
remain until the cement has set. When the mass is solidified it is fit
for building purposes.
If desired pieces of wood, iron, or other material may be combined
with the other substances whilst in the moist state. in order to increase
their capability of resisting strain.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John McDonald in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 19th April 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
MC DONALD, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Builder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
36th year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Mc Donald, Her special license
that I, the said John M° Donald, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John M° Donald, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN

page_text: AND OTHER
THE MANUFacture OF ARTIFICIAL STONE FOR ARCHITECTural
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Mo Donald, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Mc Donald, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention, which relates to an improved mode of combining
certain substances together in order to produce artificial stone in shapes
at once finished for architectural or other purposes, consists in using
sand, and gravel, or stone chips or flakes, and in combining these said
materials together by Portland, Roman," Keen's," or other cements.
In carrying the Invention into practice the sand, gravel, or stone
chips or flakes, either mixed or used separately, are commingled with
any desired proportion of either one or more of the cements herein-
before mentioned, after which the mixture is moistened with water and
placed in moulds of any required shape. When the mass is solidified it
is fit for building purposes,
If desired pieces of wood, iron, or other material may be combined
with the other substances whilst in the moist state in order to increase
their capability of resisting strain.
The proportions of the said substances used may be varied as
required.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the
same is or may be used or carried out in practice, I would observe in
conclusion that I do not claim as new using the afore-mentioned
substances in producing artificial stones generally, but what I do
consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the

page_text: mode of manufacturing artificial stone
TOT
purposes, by combining the herein-before mentioned substances together
as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Mc Donald, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of April, One t
thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
JOHN MCDONALD. (L.S.)