IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL, PETROLEUM AND SIMILAR MOTORS
Year: 1886

page_text: We, EMIL CAPITAINE and FRIEDRICH BRÜNLER both of Berlin in the German
Empire, Civil Engineers do hereby declare the nature of said invention for
* IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL, PETROLEUM AND SIMILAR MOTORS to be as follows:-
"
This invention has reference to motors which are worked by means of a mixture
of air, and a hydrocarbon, such as oil, petroleum, or naphta, and in which the air
upon its admission into the cylinder operates the fine division or sprinkling of the
hydrocarbon, for which latter purpose the appliance has hitherto been arranged in
a part of the cylinder or in the cylinder cover, the cylinder being kept cool.
The disadvantage attending this method of working is that when difficultly
volatile hydrocarbons are employed, as for example oil or petroleum, the contact of
the oil or petroleum particles with the cooled cylinder and piston surfaces is very
prejudicial because they do not immediately gasify.
Our invention consists in arranging within the piston an appliance or means for
dividing or sprinkling the hydrocarbon. The air is caused to pass with great
velocity through the said appliance into the cylinder in the direction of the cylinder
cover which contrary to the usual practice is not cooled but attains a temperature
of from 300 to 400 degrees Celsius The finely divided hydrocarbon which comes
in contact with the hot cylinder cover is at once gasified. As the air and the
finely divided hydrocarbon passes from the piston direct to the cylinder cover no
wet precipitation of the hydrocarbon takes place.
In order to form the sprinkling or dividing appliance two orifices are made
through the piston one at right angles to the other, and are for the passage of the
air and hydro carbon respectively. They are each fitted with a valve for closing
then when necessary. The outlet of the products of combustion from the cylinder
takes place past a valve operated by a cam on the crank shaft. A fixed tube
delivers the hydrocarbon to the piston.
The way in which the motor works, is similar to that of "Otto's Gas Motor," the
combustible mixture being drawn into the cylinder during one forward stroke of
the piston, compressed during the next following backward stroke, ignited and
expanded during the next forward stroke, and the products of combustion ejected
during the next following backward stroke.
CAPITAINE & VON HERTLING,
89, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in Oil, Petroleum, Naphtha, and similar Motors.
We, EMIL CAPITAINE and FRIEDRICH BRÜNLER both of Berlin in the German
Empire, Civil Engineers do hereby declare the nature of said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL, PETROLEUM, NAPHTA AND SIMILAR MOTORS" and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to motors which are worked by means of a mixture
of air and finely divided oil, or of air and finely divided petroleum, or of air and
finely divided naphta, or other hydrocarbon and in which the air upon its admission
into the cylinder, operates the fine division of the oil or petroleum or naphta.
The appliance for this operation has bitherto been arranged in the cylinder or in
the cylinder cover, in which case the air entering the cylinder through the dividing
or sprinkling apparatus effects the fine division of the oil petroleum or naphta, the
cylinder at the same time being filled with a misty vapour consisting of a mixture
of finely divided oil, petroleum, or naphta and air. Hereupon a somewhat
considerable part of the fine oil, petroleum, or naphta comes in contact with the
cooled cylinder and piston surfaces in the form of small particles which adhere
thereto. In the case where naphta or other readily volatile hydrocarbon is
employed to drive motors, the contact of the small particles thereof with the
cylinder and piston surfaces is not prejudicial because the hydrocarbon readily
evaporates or gasifies, but when difficultly volatile hydrocarbons are employed for
that purpose, as for example, oil, or petroleum, the contact of the oil or petroleum
particles with the cooled cylinder and piston surfaces is very prejudicial because
they do not immediately gasify.
Our invention consist in arranging within the piston, an appliance for dividing
or sprinkling the oil, petroleum, or naplita, as the case may be. The air is caused
to pass with great velocity through the said appliance into the cylinder in the
direction of the cylinder cover or closed end of the cylinder.
A great advantage is obtained by the air, and the finely divided oil, petroleum
or naphta particles it carries along with it, passing from the piston in the above
direction. If the cylinder cover is not cooled, it reaches a temperature of from
300 to 400 degrees Celsius. We do not cool the cylinder cover. The tinely divided
oil, petroleum, naphta or the like, which comes in contact with the hot cylinder
cover is at once gasified. As the air and the finely divided hydrocarbon passes
from the piston directly towards the cylinder cover no wet precipitation of oil,
petroleum, naphta, etcetera can take place.
In the accompanying drawing is represented a gas motor of known construction
with our invention applied thereto, Fig. 1 being a sectional elevation and Fig. 2
a plan.
A is the foundation frame; B the crank shaft; B¹ the crank; C the cylinder
1) the piston; E a valve for the outlet of the gases from the cylinder; F, F', toothed
wheels; F, a cam for operating the outlet valve E, and G tube through which the
oil, petroleum or naphta is carried to the piston, which is in connection with the
crank shaft by means of a connecting rod in the usual way.

page_text: The sprinkling or dividing appliance consists of the orifice d for the passag of
air, passage e for the oil, petroleum or naphta, the one being a right angles tothe
other; flap valve K for shutting off the orifice d and valve m for closing the
passage e. The diameter of the toothed wheel F is half that of the toothed whed F
consequently only one revolution of the toothed wheel F will take place for every
two revolutions of the toothed wheel F.. The action of the cam F2 causes the
valve E to open at every second stroke of the piston, this being effected through the
rod S-one end of which is kept pressed against the periphery of the cain F' by
the spring s-and levers S¹, S².
The way in which the motor works is as follows:-As in the case of "Otto's Gas
Motor" the combustible mixture is drawn into the cylinder during the forward
stroke of the piston, compressed during the next following backward stroke; during
the next forward stroke the ignited gaseous mixture expanded; and during the
next following backward stroke the products of combustion ejected, that is to say
during four piston strokes there occurs an admission of the combustible mixture;
a compression of this latter; an ignition of the combustible mixture and expansion
of the gases; and an ejection of the products of combustion of the gases.
The air enters the cylinder through the flap valve K and orifice d and simul-
taneously therewith petroleum, oil, naphta or other hydrocarbon enters through the
valve m and passage e and is carried along with the air in a finely divided state
owing in a great me sure to the high velocity at which the air travels over the
surface of the passage c. The hydrocarbon flows into the piston through the
tube G.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
In oil, petroleum, naphte, and similar motors the arrangement within the piston
of an appliance for finely dividing the oil, petroleum, naphta, or other hydrocarbon
used in driving the same, substantially as described and shewn.
CAPITAINE & VON HERTLING,
89, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Inventors.