IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIRT FRONTS AND COLLARS, AND IN FASTENINGS FOR THE SAME
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Naylor at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
October 1874.
I, JOHN NAYLOB, of Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIRT
FRONTS AND COLLARS, AND IN FASTENINGS FOR THE SAME," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to cloth or linen shirt fronts, whether forming
part of the shirt or separate from it, and has for its objects greater facility
in fitting on and removing and fastening such shirt fronts and the collars
belonging to them, and greater durability in consequence of the reduced
wear and tear during use and when being washed.
I make the shirt front in two halves, opening down the front, these
halves being attached together before the shirt is worn by means of studs
passed through round eyelet holes in the two halves, and fixed by rings, -
bars, screws, or nuts fitting through or screwed into their shanks at the
back. The collar to be worn with the shirt front is also made in
two halves, each half being sewn or otherwise fixed to the corresponding
half of the front, and the two halves being united at the back of the

page_text: neck by a stud passed through an eyelet hole or button hole in each
half.
Sometimes instead of the arrangement described I attach the collar to
one half only of the shirt front, and I make it in one piece instead of in
two pieces, united at the back of the neck, and when the two halves of t
the front have been attached together by studs in front as above described
I bring round the loose end of the collar and attach it by a button hole
to the stud which fastens the parts of the front together at the front of
the neck. A second button may be used at the side of the neck
attaching the collar to the neckband, and preventing them from seperating 1
and shewing the neck.
The shirt fronts may be made in one piece instead of in two halves as
above described, eyelet holes being made in front to receive the shanks
of the studs. The studs which I prefer to use consist of the front of the
stud (which may be made ornamental in the usual way), to the back of 1
which is attached a cylindrical screwed stem or shank which is passed
through the eyclet hole from the front, and is fixed by a nut or washer
which is screwed upon the stem at the back. By the use of such studs
and of round eyelet holes, the wear of the material in fitting and removing
the studs, and in washing and ironing is very much lessened as compared
with ordinary button holes.
I prefer that the studs should be fitted to the shirt front before the
wearer puts it on, and this I am enabled to do by the arrangements of
collar first described. If the studs are applied to an ordinary shirt
before the latter is put on it must be arranged so as to open at the back, 2
and the collar may be adapted to it in one of the ways above described,
being either formed in two halves attached to the sides of the neck of the
shirt and fastened together at the back or in one piece, one end of which
is attached to one half of the shirt neck, the other loose half being
brought round to the front and attached to the top stud in front of
the neck.