IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF SASH WINDOWS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Brothers, of No. 50, Goodge Street, Tottenham
Court Road, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
APPLICABLE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF SASH WINDOWS."
Sealed the 7th May 1878, and dated the 27th February 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Brothers at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th February 1878.
CHARLES BROTHERS, of No. 50, Goodge Street, Tottenham Court Road, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF
SASH WINDOWS."
The object of this Invention is,—
First. To so construct sash windows, that the sash frames with the window
sashes and weights complete may be made to open into the rooms, for the purpose of
repairing, cleaning, and painting, without standing outside the house, upon window
cills, painters' machines, or ladders, for egress to balconys and the grounds sur-
rounding the house.
Secondly. To so construct the sash frames, window sashes, and fittings of my
Invention, for the purpose of hanging the window sashes more readily than at
present, and fit new sash lines without taking out the parting beads.
Substantially, the following arrangements I prefer to adopt.
To carry out the first part of my Invention, I prefer to construct additional
frames consisting of cills, heads, and jambs, and fix outside the sash frames to the
walls of apertures, make the sash frames to fit into and hang on one side upon
centres (or hinges) to the additional frames, so as to be made to open into the
rooms, and be made secure when shut, with locks (or bolts), to the jambs of the
additional frames.

page_text: To carry out the second part of my Invention, I prefer to construct the sash
frames with fixed parting beads and with pocket openings, the outside sash beads
(or fillets) fixed with screws to the linings, so as to take out when required, to
construct the edges or back linings of sash frames with doors (or loose panels), so
that when the sash frames are opened into the rooms, the panels may be opened,
the sash weights passed through to the inside of the frames, the sash beads (or
fillets) taken out, the lines passed over the axle pulleys, fastened to the window
sashes, and sash weights, as at present, or more readily with my improved sash
lines, made to suitable lengths with hooks and eyes at the ends, passed over the
axle pulleys, one end hooked to a pin fixed in the hanging stiles of window sashes,
the other end hooked to the sash weights.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and in order that my
Invention may be more clearly understood and carried into effect, I will proceed,
aided by the accompanying Drawings, more fully to describe the same.
Drawing 1, Figure 1, is an elevation of a sasli window, constructed in accordance
with my Invention with the sash frame, window sashes, weights, and fittings
complete, hung upon centres to the cill and head of an additional frame, and opened
into the room. a, bottom sash; b, top sash; c, c, the outside linings of sash frame,
fitted with weather stops; d, d, cill and head of additional frame; e, e, centres for
hanging the sash frame; ff, outside sash beads (or fillets) screwed to the linings;
9, head of sash frame; h, cill of sash frame rebated for the (stop or) weather bar;
i, stop or weather bar; j, jamb of additional frame; k, additional lining fixed to the
wall of aperture, to receive the sash frame when shut; l, reveal of window; m, the
outside cill; n, the wall.
Figure 2 is an elevation of the lock edge (or back lining) of sash frame, its loose
panel taken out for the purpose of hanging the window sashes. a, outside lining of
sash frame; b, the inside lining fitted with lock and flush bolts, to secure the sash
window when shut to the jambs of the additional frame; c, the head of sash frame,
with part of the back lining rebated to receive the loose panel; d, the cill of sash
frame with the lower part of back lining rebated, the cill rebated to pass over the
(stop or) weather bar; e, additional rail to strengthen the outside and inside linings,
set back for the purpose of allowing the loose panels to shut against; f, f, sash
weights, hung with my improved sash lines.
Figure 3. An elevation of the same, shewing the panel of back lining fitted into
its place, and secured with flush bolts.
Drawing 2, Figure 1, is a section of a sash window shut, with the cill and head
of additional frame; c, bottom sash; b, the top sash; c, fixed parting bead; d, d,
the head and cill of additional frame; e, e, centres for hanging the sash frame; f, f,
sash beads (or fillets) fixed with screws to the outside and inside linings; g, head of
sash frame; h, cill of sash frame rebated for the (stop or) weather bar; i, stop or
weather bar; k, additional linings fixed to the wall of aperture; 1, reveal of
window; m, the cill; n, n, the walls of house.
Drawing 3, Figure 1, is a plan of a sash window with the sash frame, sashes, and
weights complete, opened into the room upon centres. Drawing 4, Figure 1, is the
same shut into and fastened to the jamb of the additional frame.
a, centre for
hanging the sash frame to the additional cill; b, b, the hanging and lock edges (or
back linings) of the sash frame, framed with (doors or) loose panels; c, c, the outside
linings of sash frame, with weather stops; d, the inside lining, with flush bolt
fixed to secure the sash frame to the additional frame; e, e, pulley stiles of sash
frames made without pocket openings; f, cill of additional frame; g, g, jambs of
additional frame; h, h, h, h, sash beads (or fillets) screwed to the outside and inside
linings of sash frame, for the purpose of taking out when the sashes are hung, or
new sash lines fitted; i, i, i, i, parting beads and parting slips, fixed to the pulley
stiles and back linings of sash frame; j, the bottom window sash fitted with a pin
(or screw) to the top parts of hanging stiles, to receive the hook of improved sash
line; k, k, h, k, sash weights made with an (eye or hook) at the hanging ends; 1, 1,

page_text: additional linings fixed to the walls of aperture, and rebated to receive the weather
stops of outside liuings; m, cill of sash frame; n, stop or weather bar; o, window
cill; p, p, wall of house.
Drawing 5, Figure 1, is an elevation of the top part of a hanging edge (or back
lining) of a sash frame, shewing the sash weights inside the frame hung with the
improved sash lines, also the arrangement of the back lining for hanging the sash
frames with hinges to the jambs of the additional frames, so as to be made to open
into the rooms. a, back lining made with loose panels and additional stiles to
strengthen the sash frame, and receive the hinges; b, hinge for hanging the sash
frame to the jamb of the additional frame; c, c, sash weights made with an eye (or
hook) at the tops; d, d, improved sash lines made to suitable lengths, the ends fitted
with eyes and S hooks for hanging the sash weights; e, e, axle pulleys made with
openings over the pulleys, large enough to pass the ends of improved sash lines
through; f, fixed parting bead.
Figure 2 is a section through the pulley stile of a sash frame, and the hanging
stile of a window sash, shewing the method of hanging the window sashes with my
improved sash lines.
a, pulley stile of sash frame; b, fixed parting bead; d, head
of sash frame; c, part of back lining rebated to receive the loose panel; f, axle
pulley, fitted with a small pulley (or revolving pin g); h, the top part of hanging
stile of a window sash, fitted with a piu, the back edge grooved and morticed to
receive the sash line and hook; i, improved sash line, one end hooked to the pin of
window sash, the other end to the sash weight.
Figure 3 shews the mortice and pin with the hook and line in place.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, I do not limit myself to the precise details herein described
and illustrated, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my
Invention, but I claim as my Invention,-
First. The construction of sash windows with additional frames fixed to the
brickwork of apertures, whereby the sash frames, with the window sashes, weights,
lines, and fastenings complete, may be made to hang upon centres (or hinges), and
open into the rooms, and made secure to the jambs of the additional frames when
closed, with locks or bolts.
Secondly. I claim as part of my Invention the construction of sash frames with
fixed parting beads and parting slips, for making the back linings with doors (or
loose panels), so as to pass the sash weights into the inside of sash frames, without
requiring pocket openings, for more readily banging window sashes with the
improved sash lines, as shewn substantially and herein described.