IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR POSTMARKING AND OBLITERATING STAMPS ON LETTERS, AND POSTAL CARDS, AND OTHER OBJECTS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Leavitt, of Boston, Massachusetts, in the United
States of America, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
POSTMARKING AND OBLITERATING STAMPS ON LETTERS, AND POSTAL CARDS,
AND OTHER OBJECTS."
Sealed the 10th February 1880, and dated the 8th October 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Leavitt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th October 1879.
THOMAS LEAVITT, of Boston, Massachusetts, in the United States of America.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR POSTMARKING AND OBLITERATING STAMPS ON
LETTERS, AND POSTAL CARDS, AND OTHER OBJECTS."
This Invention relates to a machine for post marking and cancelling letters and
postal cards, and to that particular class of such machines in which the letters and
cards are passed between a type cylinder and an impression cylinder.
A type cylinder and an impression cylinder arranged side by side with their axes
in the same horizontal plane, or nearly so, are combined with an inclined shoot or
hopper, which by an adjustable bar forming one side can be set to any required
width, and in which the letters and cards may be placed on end in a vertical
position. This hopper has its lowest end closed by a vertical plate, and is provided
with a throat in its bottom through which the letters and cards may be fed in a
vertical or nearly vertical direction into the nip between the type and impression
cylinders. There is a weighted follower for pressing the letters and cards into the
lowest part of the shoot, and a reciprocating feed pawl adapted to engage with the
front one of the letters or cards in the hopper and feed it out of the same.
With a type cylinder, impression cylinder, and inclined shoot, arranged as above
described, is used a pair of feed rolls, placed between said cylinders and the hopper,
and directly beneath the throat of said hopper, and adapted to seizo the end of the
letter or card as it emerges from the hopper and feed it into the nip of the cylinders.

page_text: One of said rolls may be made in the form of a plain cylinder, and the other
have formed thereon a series of roughened and slightly projecting circumferential
bands, which engage with the surface of the letter or card and direct its downward
movement.
There are one or more vertically arranged wires or rods placed in the front or
lowest end of the inclined hopper to limit the forward motion of the pile of letters
or cards, and two or more light spring fingers adapted to yield to the pressure of
the lower end of the front letter or card as it is forced downwards by the feed
pawl.
This latter is pivotted to a reciprocating carriage or crosshead, and provided
with one or more toothed plates at one end and a stud or antifriction roll at its
other end. A toggle link connects one end to said pawl and at the other end to a
rod actuated by a cam and spring. There are means of controlling the outward
and inward movements of the feed pawl.
The impression cylinder has a groove for receiving a pad having elastic material
secured thereto, whereby said elastic material is easily renewed when it becomes
necessary to do so without removing the cylinder.
Above or against the inking roller is placed an ink fountain or hollow barrel,
weighted to return to normal position, and with one or more apertures for the exit
of the ink, which is absorbed by a cloth or felt covering, and is prevented from
clogging by a loose inner cylinder. The ink barrel is mounted on eccentric
bearings.
The type cylinder is provided with a circumferential groove, and a type holding
block fitted to said groove and provided with a mortice to receive the type. One
or more set screws secure the type holder in position, and a set screw secures the
type or a plate bearing thereon.
There are steel types or type blocks adapted to be withdrawn from said mortice
by means of a magnet and a pressure plate made wider at its inner end than at its
outer end, and fitted to a correspondingly tapered recess in the wall of said mortice
in such a manner that said pressure plate will not be lifted out of the mortice by
the magnet when the type blocks are removed.
The type or type blocks have parallel sides and their ends curved to arcs of
circles concentric with the axis of the cylinder, so that their inner ends shall have a
fair hearing upon the cylinder over their whole area, and the faces of the type shall
be subjected to a uniform pressure throughout.
In combination with the hopper and the cylinder or segment of a cylinder to
receive the impression there is a blotter belt or endless band passing between said
impression cylinder and the type cylinder, and arranged to move with and at the
same speed as the impression cylinder while the type is in contact therewith, and
remain in a state of rest during the remainder of the revolution of said cylinder, so
that the blotter-belt shall be fed forward at each revolution of the type and
impression cylinders a distance only equal to the length of the periphery of said
type-cylinder occupied by the type, notwithstanding that the type may occupy
only a small portion of the periphery of the cylinder, the use of the belt being to
prevent blotting or smutching the back of the card or envelope by ink deposited
upon the impression-cylinder by failure of the feeding device to feed an envelope to
the machine at each revolution of the printing cylinders.
If the feeding device fails to supply a letter, or envelope, or other article to be
printed to the machine at each revolution of the cylinders when the blotter-belt is
used the impression is taken upon the belt, and that portion of the belt upon which
the impression is taken is moved forward by the act of taking said impression into
a position where the next letter or other article fed to the printing-cylinders will
not come in contact with the inked portion of said belt. There is a pin or guide
to take the slack of the belt, and a weighted pulley or equivalent devico applied to
the lower bight of said belt for the purpose of keeping it extended.
According to a modified arrangement of devices for feeding the letters and cards

page_text: to the printing cylinders the shaft of the type cylinder has two cams. The feed
lever has by lever connections from the cams imparted to it an endwise motion
towards the hopper, a downward motion of its inner end, an end wise motion away
from the hopper, and an upward motion of its inner end, whereby toothed feed
plates connected to a pad or lever on its end are made to engage with the front
letter or card contained in the hopper and feed it downward till its lower end is
seized by the cylinders, and then recede therefrom and be moved upward out of
contact with said letters or cards.
The feed plates are rendered adjustable to vary the projection of the toothed
plates into the hopper by means of set screw and spring.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Leavitt in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th April
1880.
THOMAS LEAVITT, of Boston, Massachusetts, in the United States of America.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR POST MARKING AND OBLITERATING STAMPS
ON LETTERS, AND POSTAL CARDS, AND OTHER OBJECTS."
This Invention relates to a machine for postmarking and stamp cancelling letters,
post cards, and other articles, and to that particular class of such machines in which
the letters and cards are passed between a type cylinder and an impression
cylinder.
A type cylinder and an impression cylinder arranged side by side with their
axes in the same horizontal plane, or nearly so, are combined with an inclined
shoot or hopper, which by an adjustable bar, plate, or skeleton frame forming one
side can be set or arranged for any required width according to the width of the
letters or cards, which may be placed therein on end in a vertical position, or
nearly so; this hopper has its lowest end closed by a corresponding plate, and is
provided with a throat in its bottom through which the letters and cards may be
fed in a vertical or nearly vertical direction into the nip between the type and
impression cylinders; there is a weighted follower for pressing the letters and
cards into the lowest part of the shoot, and a reciprocating feed pawl adapted to
engage with the front one of the letters or cards in the hopper and feed it out of
the same.
With the type cylinder, impression cylinder, and inclined shoot above described,
may be used a pair of feed rolls adapted to seize the end of the letter as it emerges
from the hopper and feed it into the nip of the cylinders; one of said rolls may be
with a plain surface, and the other with a series of roughened and slightly pro-
jecting circumferential bands for the better engaging with the surface of the
letter or card and directing its downward movement.
There are one or more slightly inclined wires or rods placed in the front or
lowest end of the inclined hopper to limit the forward motion of the pile of letters
or cards, and two or more light spring fingers adapted to yield to the pressure of
the lower end of the front letter or card as it is forced downward by the feed pawl,
and to prevent the accidental passage of the said letter or card through the
throat.
This feed pawl is pivoted to a reciprocating or vibrating carrier bar and pro-
vided with one or more toothed plates at one end or arm, and at the other end
connected to a rod actuated by the tension of a spring (which may be adjusted by
a cam or nut in such a manner that said pawl may yield slightly to the pressure
upon the pile of letters or cards. The bar or lever which carries said pawl controls
the outward and inward movements of the feed pawl, and for this purpose has
an endwise and a vibratory motion imparted to it by means of suitable levers and
cams, in such a manner that the toothed plates approach the pile of letters or
cards when in their highest position, descend in nearly a straight line, recede from
contact with the letter or card, and then move upward to the starting point without
touching the letter or card.
The impression cylinder has a groove for receiving a pad having elastic material
secured thereto, whereby said elastic material is easily renewed when it becomes
necessary to do so without removing the cylinder.
An ink fountain or hollow barrel or cylinder, weighted upon one side to cause it
to return to its normal position, and provided with one or more apertures for
the exit of the ink, which is absorbed by a cloth or felt covering, and is pre-
vented from clogging by a loose inner cylinder, is used in combination with

page_text: suitable inking rolls adapted to take ink from the surface of said fountain and
transfer it to the type on the type cylinder, the ink fountain being mounted in
such a manner that it may be thrown out of contact with the inking roll when
desired.
The type cylinder is provided with a circumferential groove and a type holding
block fitted to said groove, and provided with a mortice to receive the type; one or
more set screws secure the type holder in position, and a set screw secures the type
or a plate bearing thereon.
Steel types or type blocks are used adapted to be withdrawn from said mortise
by means of a magnet and a pressure plate made wider at its inner end than at its
outer end, and fitted to a correspondingly tapered recess in the wall of said mortise,
in such a manner that said pressure plate will not be lifted out of the mortise by
the magnet when the type blocks are removed; the type or type blocks have
parallel sides and their ends curved to arcs or circles concentric with the axis of
the cylinder, so that their inner ends shall have a fair bearing upon the cylinder
over their whole area, and the faces of the type shall be subjected to a uniform
pressure throughout.
In combination with the hopper and the cylinder or segment of a cylinder to
receive the impression there is a blotter belt or endless band passing between said
impression cylinder and the type-cylinder, and arranged to move with and at the
same speed as the impression cylinder while the type is in contact therewith, and
remain in a state of rest during the remainder of the revolution of said cylinder, so
that the blotter-belt shall be fed forward at each revolution of the typo and
impression cylinders a distance only equal to the length of the periphery of said
type-cylinder occupied by the type, notwithstanding that the type may occupy
only a small portion of the periphery of the cylinder, the use of the belt being to
prevent blotting or smutching the back of the card or envelope by ink deposited
upon the impression-cylinder by failure of the feeding device to feed an envelope
to the machine at each revolution of the printing cylinders.
If the feeding device fails to supply a letter, or envelope, or other article to be
printed to the machine at each revolution of the cylinders, when the blotter belt
is used the impression is taken upon the belt, and that portion of the belt upon
which the impression is taken is moved forward by the act of taking said impression
into a position where the next letter or other article fed to the printing cylinders
will not come in contact with the inked portion of said belt. There is a pin or guide
to take up the slack of the belt, and a weighted pulley or equivalent device applied
to the lower bight of said belt for the purpose of keeping it extended.
Figure 1 of the Drawings is a plan of my improved cancelling machine.
Figure 2 is a side elevation.
Figure 3 is a front elevation.
Figure 4 is a vertical section on line x, x, on Figure 1.
Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 are details to be hereafter referred to.
A, A, are the side frames of the machine connected together by the tie rods
B and B and the slightly inclined plate C, as shown most clearly in Figure 4.
The type cylinder is made in two parts D and D' secured upon the same shaft
with a space between them, as shown particularly in Figures 1 and 8, the purpose
of this will appear hereafter; the type cylinder is mounted in bearings in the
frames A, A, by the side of and in contact with the impression cylinder (D², as
shown clearly in Figures 2, 4, and 5; the impression cylinder D may be made in
one piece or in two parts like the type cylinder, and is mounted in bearings in the
boxes Ds (Figures 2 and 12) fitted to bearings D, and adapted to be moved therein
to adjust the pressure of the impression cylinder.
The rear ends of the boxes D³ are chambered or bored out to receive the open
end of the tube a, between the closed end of which and the bottom of the recess
in the box is placed a spiral spring b, the tension of which may be varied at will
by means of the set screw c,

page_text: The type cylinder D has formed therein a circumferential groove d to receive
the type holders E and E', Figures 5 and 6, which are secured in position therein
by the set screws e, e, screwed into the flange d' of said cylinder (formed by cutting
the groove d), and with their points pressing hard against the type holders, thus
forcing them against the opposite wall of said groove.
The type holders E and E' are each provided with a mortise or hole cut through
the same to receive the changeable type blocks, the sides of said mortises being
parallel with each other, as shown in Figures 5 and 9.
The holder E has cut upon its face surrounding the mortise formed therein the
name or mark of the post office, and figures representing the year or such other
lettering as may be necessary, and that does not require to be changed oftener than
perhaps once a year.
Within the mortise formed in said holder E are set three type blocks (Figures 1
and 6), upon one of which is engraved the month, upon another the day of the
month (and upon a third it may be the hour of the day), and a clamping plate g,
made tapering with its narrowest end outward, and fitted to a correspondingly
shaped recess in the side of the mortise in said holder in such a manner that said
plate cannot be pulled out of the mortise with the type blocks when the magnet is
applied to said blocks for the purpose of removing them to make necessary changes,
as shown at Fig. 9.
The type blocks are retained in position in the holder E by the set screw h,
which passes freely through a smooth hole in the flange d' of the cylinder D, and is
screwed into the holder E with its point pressing against the plate g, and forcing it
against the two contiguous type blocks, as shown in Figure 6.
The mortise in the holder El contains a single type block, preferably cylindrical
in form, upon which is cut a letter or character to designate collection,"
delivery," or the station or sub office, while the holder itself has formed thercon a
series of bars or lines, as shown.
The impression cylinder D (see Figure 5) also has formed therein a circumfer-
ential groove d² to receive the impression pad composed of the metal segment i,
having one or more thicknesses of suitable elastic material i¹ secured thereon by
the screws, i, said pad being secured to the cylinder by means of the bevil edged
lip or platej screwed firmly to the cylinder within the groove d², its bevelled edge
overlapping the contiguous edge or end of the segment i, and the single screw k
passing through the opposite end of said segment and screwing into the cylinder.
This method of attaching the impression pad to the cylinder is of great advantage,
as it obviates entirely the necessity of removing the cylinder from the machine
to renew the pad, as has heretofore been practised.
F is the driving shaft mounted in bearings on the frames A, A, and having
secured thereon the fly wheel F¹ and spur gear wheel F2, which gears with and
imparts motion to the tooth wheel G, secured upon the end of the shaft of the
cylinder D, D¹, upon one side, and upon the other side gears into the intermediate
wheel G' which in turn gears with and imparts motion to the tooth wheel H
secured upon the shaft of the impression cylinder D2, in such a manner that the
cylinders D, D¹, and D' will be revolved toward each other or in opposite directions
and at the same speed.
In the rear of the plate C, and supported thereby, and by the stands or brackets I
and I, is arranged a hopper consisting of a bottom J and fixed side J¹, pre-
ferably in the forin of a skeleton frame; the bottom J is inclined down towards
the plate C, but does not extend quite to said plate, an open space or throat
being left between the lower edge of said bottom and the plate C, through which
open space the letters is and cards it may be fed from said hopper into the nip of
the type and impression cylinders.
To the backside of the plate C are secured two or more
serve as stops to limit the movement of the pile of letters
plate C as they are forced toward it by the follower or
wires or rods m, which
and cards towards the
weight K, and also

page_text: to reduce the frictional resistance to the downward movement of said letters or
cards.
Two or more light springs n, n, are also secured to the back side of the plate C,
and extend downward and backward so as to close the throat and press against
the front edge of the hopper bottom, as shown in Figure 4, said springs being by
means of set screws n', n', adjusted to the required stiffness to prevent tho
accidental passage of a letter or card through the throat, and to yield to allow such
passage when the letter or card is forced downward by the feed pawl.
Ja is a hinged or pivoted frame forming one side of the hopper, and designed to
adapt the hopper to different widths of letters by moving the upper edge of said
hinged frame nearer to or farther from the fixed side of the hopper; it is always
to be used as the gauge in placing the letters or cards in the hopper.
N is a two armed feed pawl pivoted at o to the vibrating carrier bar N¹, and
having secured to one of its arms one or more toothed feed plates o², adapted to
engage with the front letter or card in the hopper, and connected by its other arm
to the rod p, provided with the collars p¹ and an adjustable thumb nut p² which
acts upon the ear 7 on the bar N¹ through which the end of the rod p passes, said
nut serving as a stop to limit the movement of the toothed plates toward the letters,
a spring q' between the collar p² and the ear q serving to press said toothed plates
toward the letters or cards in the hopper. A cam may be used instead of the nut p
for adjusting the pressure of the spring q'.
The end of the bar N', opposite to the feed pawl N, is pivoted to the upper end
of the lever O, which latter is mounted loosely upon the rocker shaft O, and by
means of the screw bolt is secured to the upper end of the lever O² (firmly
secured to the rocker shaft (¹) so as to move therewith; the screw bolt ŕ passes
through a slot in the lever O³, and is screwed into the lever O in such a manner
that by slacking the screw r the lever O may be slightly adjusted around the
shaft O' to adjust the feed pawl to its work.
P is a lever firinly secured upon the rocking shaft O', and carrying at its outer
end an anti-friction roll, which fits into and is acted upon by the path cam P¹
mounted upon the type cylinder shaft, as shown in Figure 3 and in dotted lines in
Figure 4, by the rotation of which cam path the feed pawl N is made to move
toward and from the pile of letters or cards in the hopper.
Qis another path cam firmly secured upon the type cylinder shaft, the path of
which 'engages with a truck or friction roller on the outer end of the lever Q',
rigidly secured at its fulcrum end on the rocker-shaft Q2, upon which is also secured
in like manner the lever Q3, to the outer end of which is jointed the link Q", which
extends upwards therefrom between the two parts D and D¹, of the type cylinder,
and is connected at its upper end to the bar N¹ by means of the stud bolt
8, which
passes through and may be adjusted in a slot formed in the bar N¹, as shown in
dotted lines in Figure 4. The cam Q, levers Q' and Q³, shaft Q, and link Q' serve
to impart to the feed pawl the necessary up and down movement in a line sub-
stantially parallel with the letters or cards in the hopper, this motion being so
timed in relation to the horizontal motions of the feed pawl imparted by the cam P¹
and the motions of the type and impression cylinders that the feed pawl is moved
toward the letters or cards in the hopper when at its highest elevation, causing the
points of the teeth of the plates o¹ to engage with the surface of the front letter or
card in the hopper, when the pawl is moved downward, carrying with it the letter
or card, forcing it endwise through the throat 2, causing the springs n, n, to yield
sufficiently to allow its passage, said downward movement of the pawl continuing
till the lower end of the letter or card is seized between the type and impression
cylinders, when the pawl is moved horizontally away from the letter, and then
moved upward again while out of contact with the letters or cards. If the hopper
is placed higher above the type and impression cylinders, rollers may be used
under the hopper throat for guiding the letters or cards into the nip of the
cylinders.

page_text: R is the ink distributing cylinder mounted in bearings in the frames A, A, and
receiving motion from the driving shaft by means of the tooth wheels F, t, t¹,
and t².
R¹ is the inking roll mounted in bearings in the upper ends of the levers S, S¹,
firmly secured upon opposite ends of the rocker shaft S, which has its bearings in
the frames A in such a manner that said roll may be intermittently moved from a
position in contact with the ink distributing roll R, where it receives ink, to a
position in contact with the type cylinder or the type contained thereon.
This vibratory motion of the roll R¹ is obtained by means of the cam R³, Figure 2,
acting upon the truck R³, mounted on a stud set in the end of the lever S³, pivoted
at to the lever S¹, and connected to the lever S at a point between said pivot
and the truck R³ by means of the rod a' which passes through the ear 8 on an arm
of said lever S', and is provided with an adjustable nut or head 8³, said rod being
surrounded by the spring 8 of sufficient tension to overcome the tension of the
springs and t which tend to hold the inking roll in contact with the type:
cylinder; the purpose of said springs & being to force the levers S³ and S¹ apart to
the limit allowed by the adjustable head of the rod s¹, and to yield slightly
when the inking roll R' is brought in contact with the distributing roll R; the
forward movement of the inking roll being gauged by the set screw S
T is an ink fountain, in the form of a hollow cylinder, mounted upon a stud u
set in the upper end of one arm of the elbow lever U, which is pivoted at the end
of its other arm to the frame A, and provided with the slot u' at or near the junction
of the two arms which embrace the crank pin v formed upon the inner end of the
short shaft or journal v set in the frame A, and provided upon its other end with
a milled head by which it may be rotated to move the fountain to or from contact:
with the distributing roll R.
The movements of the crank pin v about its axis of motion is limited in one
direction by the adjustable set screw w set in an ear on the frame A, and working
in conjunction with the projection u² on the elbow lever, as shown in Figure 4.
The barrel of the ink fountain T is provided with one or more holes a¹, through
which the ink placed therein passes to and is absorbed by the cloth or felt
covering whenever said fountain is revolved by being brought in contact with
the distributing roll R.
The fountain cylinder T is weighted upon the side opposite to the opening or
openings a¹, in such a manner that when not in contact with the distributing roll
said fountain shall always remain the same side up or with the openings a²
uppermost, as clearly shown in Figure 5.
In the interior of the ink fountain is placed a short cylinder of metal c¹, which
rolls around the inner periphery of the fountain, or perhaps more properly the inner
periphery of the fountain rolls around it when said fountain is revolved, and thereby
prevents an accumulation of ink upon the inside of the fountain chamber. The
ink is introduced into the fountain through an opening in its end, which is closed
by the plug c³, Figure 4.
The front face of the follower K has secured to its lower edge a strip of metal d³,
and is then covered with a thin sheet of paper or other suitable material to
increase the frictional surface in contact with the rear letter or card to prevent the
last two letters being fed through the throat together, as is liable to be the case if
a smooth metal or wood surface is used; a recess es being formed in the front face
of said follower opposite the feed pawl, just wide or large enough to permit a free
movement of said pawl after the letters or cards have all been discharged from the
hopper without injury to the machine.
Vis an endless blotter belt which passes partially around the impression cylinder
and between it and the type cylinder in a position to receive the impression of the
type when the cylinders are rotated with passing a letter or card between said
cylinders, the object of which belt is to prevent "smutching "the back of the letter
or card by the accidental depositing of ink upon the surface of the impression

page_text: cylinder or the impression pad secured thereon, which would occur were the
cylinders revolved without passing a letter, card, or other object between them to
receive the impression, and then feeding a letter or card between said cylinders
before the ink deposited on the cylinder or pad had become dry. The blotter
belt V is moved with the cylinder and at the same speed therewith during the
time the impression is being made, and then remains in a state of rest till the next
succeeding impression commences, so that if the first impression is taken directly
upon the blotter belt the inked portion of the blotter belt will have moved forward
away from that portion of the cylinder upon which the impression is taken before
the second impression commences, so that the blotter or card being printed at said
second impression will bear upon a section of the blotter belt that is dry, and
therefore will not be injured by the fresh ink just deposited on the blotter belt.
The two parts of the belt V pass over pins or rods v², v², set in the frame A, and
is held taut by the flanged cylindrical weight W placed in the bight at the lower
ond of said belt, as shown in Figures 2 and 4.
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,-
First. The combination of a type cylinder and an impression cylinder, arranged
side by side, with their axes in the same horizontal plane or nearly so; a hopper
or receptacle provided with an inclined bottom; an abutment at its lowest end; and
an opening between the lower end of the bottom and the abutment; a follower
adapted to press the letters or cards contained in said hopper into the lowest part
thereof; and a feed pawl adapted to engage with the front one of the letters or cards
in the hopper and feed it therefrom to the printing cylinders, all constructed and
operating substantially as described.
Second. In combination with a hopper provided with an inclined bottom and
an abutment at its lowest end, and adapted to receive and hold letters or postal
cards set on end in vertical or nearly vertical position, the hinged side frame J
or equivalent means for adapting the width of the hopper to the size of the letters
or cards to be cancelled, substantially as described.
Third. In combination with a hopper as claimed two or more wires or rods m, m,
and one or more springs n, n, all arranged and adapted to operate substantially as
and for the purposes described.
Fourth. The feed pawl lever N, having secured thereon one or more toothed
plates o¹ in combination with the carrier bar N', and operating substantially as
described.
Fifth. The combination of pawl lever N, levers N', 0, 0³, P, Q¹, Q³, link Q*,
shafts 0 and Q, and the cams P and Q, all arranged and operating substantially
as described.
Sixth. In combination with the impression cylinder D2, with the bevel edged
plate j secured thereto, and the segment i having its convex surface covered with
one or more thicknesses of elastic material, and secured to said cylinder by the
bevelled edge of the plate; and the screw k, so that the elastic material can be easily
renewed without removing the impression cylinder, substantially as described.
Seventh. The combination of the cylindrical ink fountain T, weighted upon one
side, and provided with one or more openings a¹ upon the opposite side, the
absorbent covering b¹, loose roll c¹, and means of moving said fountain toward or
from the distributing roll, all arranged and adapted to be operated substantially as
described.
Eighth. The type cylinder D in combination with the type holders adapted to
be secured upon the cylinder, as set forth, and one or more steel type blocks adapted
to fill and be secured in said type holder, and to be withdrawn therefrom by means
of a magnet, substantially as described.
Ninth. In combination with a mortised type holder adapted to receive two or
more type blocks, a tapering pressure plate g fitted to a correspondingly shaped
recess cut in the side of said mortise with the narrowest end of said pressure plate
outward, substantially as and for the purposes described.

page_text: Tenth. The type cylinder made in two parts secured upon the same shaft with
a space between them, substantially as described.
Eleventh. In combination with the pawl lever N and bar or carrier lever N¹
the levers O and O2 adapted to be adjusted one upon the other, substantially as
and for the purposes described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Leavitt, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this First day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
THOMAS LEAVITT. (L.S.)