Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 31st Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 21st Dec., 1888
I, JOSEPH JOHN TYLOR, of 2 Newgate Street, in the City of London, Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in that class of meters for measuring water
and other fluids in which two uncontrolled, unconnected, or independent pistons or
rams are employed, each of which is so related to the valve arrangements of the
other, that each piston or ram, at some point of its stroke, reverses the valve of the
other, and especially to improvements in meters of the said class for which Letters
Patent were granted to me and to William Alfred Tylor bearing date the 21st July
A.D. 1880 No. 3007, and to me, bearing date the 22nd February A.D. 1883, No. 968,
and the 10th July A.D. 1886 No. 9033, and the objects of my present improvements
are first, to cheapen the construction of the slide valve faces of such meters; second,
to lighten the pistons or rams thereof, whereby increased sensitiveness and greater
regularity of flow are attained with low pressures or small quantities of liquid; third,
to obviate or mitigate the shock or blow at the end of the stroke of the piston or
ram; and fourth, to increase the accuracy of the registering mechanism.
My improvement for cheapening the construction of the slide valve faces consists
in casting the faces with side fillets intended to form the guides for the slide valve;
these side fillets are so shaped and related to the slide faces that, by ineans of a
suitably shaped cutting tool, both the slide face and the required undercut groove in
the guide fillets for the reception of the side flanges of the slide valve can be shaped
Hereto-
and finished at one operation, so as not to require any handwork whatever.
fore, the guide fillets have been made in pieces separate from the slide faces, and
secured thereto by screws or otherwise, involving considerable expense; by my
improvement, the separate construction and attachment of the guide fillets is avoided,
and the construction much facilitated and cheapened.
For lightening the pistons or rams, I form the inner edges thereof, which act upon
the valve reversing mechanism, with radial openings through them, instead of making
them solid, as heretofore.

page_text: or the purpose of obviating or mitigating the shock or blow at the end of the
stroke of the piston or ram, I form a recess in the outer end of such piston or ram
and I fit into such recess a plug adapted to slide easily therein, so that on drawing
the said plug outwards, or forcing it inwards, liquid will gradually flow inwards, or
outwards, past the sides of the said plug. At the end of the cylinder, and opposite
to the end of the aforesaid plug, I fix an elastic pad. Assuming that the piston or
ram is at the end of its stroke with the end of its plug bearing against the pad; when
the piston begins to make its return stroke, the pad will exert a sucking action on the
plug, and will cause it to be drawn out in its recess to a distance limited by a suitable
stop liquid passing its sides to fill up the vacancy in the recess caused by the partial
withdrawal of the plug. When the piston makes its stroke in the reverse direction,
the end of the plug comes against the elastic pad on the end of the cylinder and is
driven inwards into the recess in the piston or ram, the liquid which had entered
round the sides of the plug now being forced gradually outwards.. The liquid in the
recess is thus caused to act as a cushion to bring the piston or ram gently to rest,
and thereby to obviate or mitigate the shock usually produced in meters of this kind
when the piston or ram reaches the end of its stroke.
In order to produce increased accuracy of the registering mechanism, I employ a
frictional clutch or clamp arrangement for the purpose of transmitting motion to the
driving wheel of such mechanism, instead of the ratchet and pawl arrangement here-
tofore employed. By this means, I am enabled to impart to such driving wheel an
amount of movement proportional to the length of stroke actually performed by the
piston or ram,
instead of the amount of movement of such driving wheel being the
same (namely, the exact amount due to the passing of one or more teeth of the ratchet)
whether the piston or ram makes a complete stroke, or falls short of a complete stroke,
as is the case when the usual ratchet and pawl arrangement is employed.
Dated this 30th day of January 1888

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Liquid Meters.
I, JOSEPH JOHN TYLOR, of 2 Newgate Street, in the City of London, Civi.
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying two sheets of Drawings
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
This invention relates to improvements in that class of meters for measuring water
and other fluids in which two uncontrolled, unconnected, or independent pistons or
rams are employed, each of which is so related to the valve arrangements of the other,
that each piston or ram, at some point of its stroke, reverses the valve of the other,
and especially to improvements in meters of the said class for which Letters Patent
were granted to me and to William Alfred Tylor bearing date the 21st July A.D. 1880,
No. 3007, and to me bearing date the 22nd February A.D. 1883, No. 968, and the
10th July A.D. 1886 No. 9033, and the objects of my present improvements are
first, to cheapen the construction of the slide valve faces of such meters; second, to
lighten the pistons or rams thereof, whereby increased sensitiveness and greater
regularity of flow are attained with low pressure or small quantities of liquid; third,
to obviate or mitigate the shock or blow at the end of the stroke of the piston or ram ;
and fourth, to increase the accuracy of the registering mechanism.
The first part of my improvements which relates to means of cheapening the
construction of the slide valve faces is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the Drawings
which are respectively a plan or elevation and a section of a valve face constructed in
accordance with my invention. It consists in casting the face A with side fillets B
intended to form the guides for the slide valve; these side fillets Bare so shaped
and related to the slide face A that, by means of a suitably shaped cutting tool shown
in Figures 3 and 4 both the slide face A and the required undercut groove B¹ in the
guide fillets B for the reception of the side flanges of the slide valve can be shaped
and finished at one operation, so as not to require any handwork whatever. Figure 3
is an elevation of the aforesaid cutter and Figure 4 is an underside view of the same.
The tool is arranged in a machine so as to revolve on the axial line X X (Figure 3)
and either to traverse over the work to be shaped or the latter is made to traverse
below the cutter as may be most convenient. It will be understood that the cutting
edges C operate upon the face A, the cutting edges D form the undercut groove B
in the guide fillets B, the cutting edges E shape the inner edges of the guide fillets B
and the cutting edges F the top of the guide fillets. Heretofore the guide fillets have
been made in pieces separate from the slide faces and secured thereto by screws or
otherwise, involving considerable expense; by my improvement, the separate con-
struction and attachment of the guide fillets is avoided, and the construction much
facilitated and cheapened.
The second part of my invention which relates to lightening the pistons or rams
is illustrated in Figures 5, 6 and 7 of the Drawings, in which Figure 5 is a longi-
tudinal section of a meter fitted with pistons or rams provided with cup leathers and

page_text: suitable for passing cold liquids. Figure 6 shows a piston suitable for a meter for
passing hot liquids, and Figure 7 is a section at Y Y or Z Z in Figure 5 through the
stem or rod connecting the pistons together.
The pistons or rams G have their inner edges G¹ which act upon the valve reversing
mechanism formed with radial openings G² through them instead of being left solid
as heretofore.
The third part of my invention which relates to means for obviating or mitigating
the shock or blow at the end of the stroke of the piston or ram is illustrated in
Figures 5, and 8 and consists in forming a recess H in the outer end of each of the
pistons or rams G and in fitting into each recess a plug I adapted to slide easily
therein, so that on drawing the said plug outwards, or forcing it inwards, liquid will
gradually flow inwards or outwards, past the sides of the said plug. At the end of
the cylinder and opposite to the end of the aforesaid plug, I fix an elastic pad J.
Assuming that a piston or ram G is at the end of its stroke as shown with reference
to the left hand upper piston in Figure 5 with the end of its plug bearing against
the pad J, when the said piston begins to make its return stroke towards the right the
pad J will exert a sucking action on the plug I and will cause it to be drawn out in
its recess to a distance limited by a suitable stop K, liquid passing its sides to fill up
the vacancy in the recess caused by the partial withdrawal of the plug. When the
piston makes its stroke in the reverse direction that is towards the left in Figure 5,
the projecting end of the plug I comes against the elastic pad J on the end of the
cylinder and is driven inwards into the recess H of the piston or rain, the liquid which
had entered round the sides of the plug now being forced gradually outward. The
liquid in the recess is thus caused to act as a cushion to bring the piston or ram
gently to rest, and thereby to obviate or mitigate the shock usually produced in meters
of this kind when the piston or rain reaches the end of its stroke.
Figure 8 shows an arrangement in which the recess is formed in the cylinder cover
instead of in the piston the plug I being forced into the recess H by the piston
striking against it as it approaches the end of its stroke and drawing it outwards
again by suction as it begins its movement in the opposite direction, the suction effect
being produced in this case by an elastic pad secured to the end of the piston.
The fourth part of my invention which relates to means for producing increased
accuracy in the registering mechanism is iliustrated in Figures and 10 and consists
according to the arrangement shown in Figure 9 in the employment of a frictional
clutch or clamp L for the purpose of transmitting motion to the driving wheel M of a
such mechanisin instead of the ratchet and pawl arrangement heretofore employed.
N is a weighted lever; L is a more or less flexible strap pin jointed at one end to the
upper end of the lever N and after passing partly round the driving wheel M of the
registering mechanism is pin jointed at O on the lever N. P is a ratchet wheel on
the driving axis of the registering mechanism and R is a corresponding pawl to 4
prevent backward motion of the axis Q. The weighted lever N is actuated by the
collars S S' on the stem or rod uniting the two measuring pistons G G see Figure 5.
It will be understood that when the lever N is pressed to the left in Figure 9 by the
collar S in Figure 5 the friction strap L is released from the driving wheel M and
imparts no motion thereto; but when the said lever N is pressed towards the right in
Figure 9 by the collar S' in Figure 5 the said friction strap grasps the wheel M and
turns it round a distance proportional to the extent to which the lever N has been
moved and this movement of the lever N is dependent upon and proportional to the
motion of the pistons G from left to right. By this means I am enabled to impart to
the driving wheel M an amount of movement proportional to the length of stroke 5
actually performed by the piston or ram whereby the quantity of liquid registered
agrees accurately with the quantity actually passed through the meter instead of the
amount of movement of the driving wheel being the same (nainely the exact amount
due to the passing of one or more teeth of the ratchet) whether the piston or ram
makes a complete stroke, or falls short of a complete stroke, as is the case when.the 5
usual ratchet and pawl arrangement is employed in which the quantity of liquid
registered does not agree with that actually passed through the meter.

page_text: In the arrangement shown in Figure 10 the lever N turns on the axis Q and
carries a pinching clamp L turning on a centre at I². When the lever N is moved
to the right in the Figure the pinching clamp slips over the surface of the wheel M
but when the lever N is moved to the left in the Figure the pinching clamp grips the
wheel and moves it forward a distance proportional to the amount of movement of
the lever in a manner somewhat similar to that described in reference to Figure 9.
Similar letters of reference relate to like parts in all the Figures of the Drawings.
Meters constructed with the improvements above described register more correctly
than meters constructed as heretofore even when the liquid is pumped through them.
It is obvious that meters constructed as above described may be employed for the
measurement of air or gases as well as liquids.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
First The piston meters, forming the valve faces in one with the side fillets
intended to form the guides for the slide valve, in such manner that the slide face
and the guide fillets can be shaped and finished at one operation by means of a suit-
able tool, substantially as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of
the Drawings hereto annexed.
Second In piston meters, constructing the edges of the pistons or rams which act
on the valve reversing mechanism with radial openings through them, substantially
as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in Figures 5, 6 and 7 of the Drawings hereto
annexed, and for the purpose specified.
Third In piston meters, the use of the plug I moving in a recess H in the end of
the piston or in the cylinder cover, and the elastic pad J, arranged, combined, and
operating substantially as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in Figures 5 and 8
of the Drawings hereto annexed, and for the purpose specified.
Fourth In piston meters, the use of a frictional clutch or clamp for the purpose
of transmitting motion to the driving wheel of the registering mechanism proportional
to the length of stroke actually performed by the piston or ram, substantially as
herein before described, and illustrated in Figure 9 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Wated this álst day o October
D 1888
Unted this 51st day of October
1. 1888
J. J. TYLOR.
Per W. H. Beck,
115, Cannon Street, London, E.C.,
Agent.