IMPROVED BOBBINS FOR WINDING YARNS OF ANY FIBRE
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Briggs, junior, of the Firm of J. Briggs and Sons,
of Wakefield, in the County of Yorkshire, Worsted Spinners, for an Invention
of "IMPROVED BOBBINS FOR WINDING YARNS OF ANY FIBRE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Briggs at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd October 1880.
ISAAC BRIGGS, junior, of the Firm of J. Briggs and Sons, of Wakefield, in the
County of Yorkshire, Worsted Spinners. "IMPROVED BOBBINS FOR WINDING
YARNS OF ANY FIBRE."
My Invention has reference to improved bobbins for winding yarns of any fibre,
that is to say, my improved bobbins would be suitable for winding yarns of any
fibre or bulk.
In making bobbins according to my Invention I form the barrel upon which the
yarn is wound from a sheet of paper or cardboard bent round into a tube or
cylinder, on which I form collars or ends from cardboard or paper to prevent the
yarn from slipping off the tube. These card board or paper ends may be slipped
over the cylinder and secured to it by glue or other suitable means, and the yarn
wound on, after which the ends of the cylinder would be covered by labels of any
required design (or the cardboard or paper ends may have the design printed on
them and so not require an extra label).
These end collars may be stamped out to form a flange to fit either inside or
outside of the cylinder; indeed the cylinder or tube may be made around the two
flanges, or the flanges may be placed over the outside of the paper cylinder or tube,
or the ends may be made up between two or more layers of the paper forming
the body, or the flange on the ends may be sufficiently long to meet one another
to form the barrel for winding on the yarn, or the barrel and the ends may be
made from one piece of paper or cardboard turned round.
Sometimes I make the bobbins bell shaped at the ends so as to keep the yarn
from slipping off, which has something like the appearance of a ball or a tube, and
small collars may be used as the core for forming a ball of yarn. When the labels

page_text: are placed on the ends and a label bent around the centre the yarn is perfectly
secure from entanglement or injury. The barrels of these bobbins may be made
either stiff or elastic as may be most suitable for the yarns. The end collars may
also be glued or fixed against the end of the tube or barrel.
In other cases I form the body part of the bobbins from wood, upon which I
place the paper ends, which may be either conical, square, with the body or bell
shaped, as may be desired.
Or the collars may be made of very thin metal turned down and driven into the
ends of the body. Indeed the reels may be entirely made from very thin metal,
bronzed or otherwise protected from rust.
It will be clearly seen that in any case I obtain a bobbin which will contain
more yarn bulk for bulk including the bobbins than could possibly be the case if
they were made entirely from wood, and they are lighter. They also make a
much neater design than other kinds of bobbins, which is no small matter in such
things, and they are cheaper.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Isaac Briggs in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd April
1881.
ISAAC BRIGGS, junior, of the Firm of "J. Briggs & Sons," of Wakefield, in the
County of Yorkshire, Worsted Spinners. "IMPROVED BOBBINS FOR WINDING
YARNS OF ANY FIBRE."
My Invention has reference to improved bobbins or recls for winding yarns of
any fibre, that is to say, my improved bobbins would be suitable for winding yarns
of any fibre or bulk. These bobbins would of course be suitable for winding
substances, such, for instance, as cotton, silk, wool, angola, merino, flax, or any
combination of these with each other, and other substances.
In making bobbins according to my Invention I form the barrel upon which the
yarn is wound from paper or cardboard bent round into a tube or cylinder, on
which I form collars or ends from cardboard or paper to prevent the yarn from
slipping off the tube. These cardboard or paper ends may be slipped over the
cylinder and secured to it by glue or any other suitable means, and the yarn wound
on, after which the ends of the cylinder would be covered by labels of any required
design (or the cardboard or paper ends may have the design printed on them and so
not require an extra label).
These end collars may be stamped out to form a flange to fit either inside or
outside of the cylinder; indeed, the cylinder or tube may be made around the two
flanges, or the flanges may be placed over the outside of the paper cylinder or
tube, or the ends may be made up between two or more layers of the paper forming
the body, or the flange on the ends may be sufficiently long to meet one another to
forin the barrel for winding on the yarn, or the barrel and the ends may be made
from one piece of paper or cardboard turned round.
Sometimes I make bobbins bell shaped at the ends so as to keep the yarn from
slipping off, which has something like the appearance of a ball or a tube, and small
collars like a long bobbin or reel may be used as the core for forming a ball of
yarn. When the labels are placed on the ends and a label bent around the centre
the yarn is perfectly secure from entanglement or injury. The barrels of these
bobbins may be made either stiff or elastic, as may be most suitable for the yarns.
The end collars may also be glued or fixed against the end of the tube or
barrel.
I will now proceed to describe the details of some of my bobbins, which will be
sufficient to illustrate the manner in which the same or modifications of the same
may be made.
Figure 1 illustrates one mode of forming the barrel of my bobbins, which is
effected by coiling round a mandril a length of suitable paper, as shown loosely in
section A. B shows the coil of paper drawn up tightly together to form practically
a solid cylinder. These coils of paper or other material may be rolled up in lengths
sufficient to make several bobbins and then cut off by a machine into the required
lengths to form the body or barrel of each bobbin. Figure 2 is a plan of the flange
which I stamp out of sheets of paper or other material of the requisite thickness and
strength to form a stiff collar. Figure 3 is a side elevation of a finished bobbin
ready for winding. In this case the collars are shown placed against the flat ends
of the barrel and fastened by glue, paste, gum, or other adhesive substance.
Figure 4 is a collar punched out so as to be suitable to slip over the ends of the
above barrel, as shown by Figure 5, instead of sticking them against the ends of
the barrels, as in Figures 1 and 3, or the flanging may be done so as to drop inside
the cylinder, as shown by Figure 6. I have however found the flange is sufficiently

page_text: secure for most purposes when laid flat against the cylinder, as in Figure 3, and
they may be very rapidly put together in that simple form.
The number of coils in making the barrel or body part will of course be regulated
according to the strength of body required, the thickness and toughness of the paper
or other material used.
Figure 7 is a sectional elevation of a bobbin formed by two flanged ends placed
over an inner tube c, c, after which an outer tube d is rolled around the flanges of
the collars, which leaves the space e, e, that is, unless the outer case d is sufficiently
soft to bend into the space and thus be fastened to the inner tube c, c. Figure 8 is
a sectional elevation of a double cylinder bobbin with flat flanges or collars. The
flat flanges are punched to just fit over the inner cylinder f, f, and to butt up against
the ends of the outer cylinder g, g, thus the end collars or flanges would be held in
two places which would give stiffness to them without increasing the weight, and
there would also be a certain amount of elasticity in the barrel. Of course the
space might be filled up if desired by saw dust or any other cheap refuse.
Figure 9 is a sectional elevation of a bobbin with the body formed of a card
board or thin roll of paper, and the collars slipped over the ends of the body and
afterwards more effectively secured by thin pieces of paper h, h, forming angle
pieces to support the collars; Figure 10 is a sectional elevation of a similar bobbin
to Figure 9, the only difference being that one piece of thin paper i, i, is wrapped
round to support the collars; Figure 11 is a sectional elevation of a bobbin with
the flanges or collars turned outwards. The conical shape would be imparted to
the collars cither when cutting them out or when putting the bobbin together
under the press. These flanges could be put on a barrel, as per Figures 1 and 3, or on
a thinner barrel; Figure 17 is a similar bobbin, only the collars are turned inwards,
which would have the tendency to keep the material from coming off; Figures 12
are a side elevation and cross section of a very simple form of bobbin. In this
case the tube or barrel J is formed from a piece of card board or other suitable
material bent around a mandril until the two edges j and j' meet, or nearly meet;
these edges would be pressed in slightly towards the centre, so that there would be
no liability of them projecting out and cutting the material during the process of
winding. The end collars keep the tube from unfolding, or a thin piece of paper
may be stuck across the space; Figure 13 is a plan of a metallic plate stamped out
ready for coiling into a bobbin barrel; Figure 14 is the same coiled round into the
barrel; Figure 15 is a metallic or card board collar punched ready to receive the
projections, h, when they would be slightly bent round or otherwise fastened, as
shown by Figure 16; Figures 18 are a sectional olevation and cross section of a
paste-board or. papier-mache semi-circular pieces and pressed and brought
together to form the barrel where they are held by the end collars; Figure 19 is
a plan of a stiff paper punched with the slits m, m, m, which would allow the
plain part to be bent round into a cylinderical shape, when the projecting fingers
would form the collars, as shown by Figure 20, end view. To stiffen these fingers
the label might be at once placed on, as per Figure 21, but in this case the label
would be punched out at the centre, as shown, to allow the winding spindle to
pass into the inside. Of course the same kind of bobbin may be made like two
collars with projections, as illustrated by Figure 22, and then secured together by
a strip n. The bodies of iny improved bobbins may also be made of wood or other
solid substance, as per Figure 23, and metallic ends » driven into them. These
ends would easily be punched with slots q, as per Figure 24, thus leaving teeth to
be turned down square for driving into the bodies.
The collars on the ends of the bobbins may be indented, as shown by Figures 25
and 26, for the purpose of increasing their holding powers to the barrels, or the .
indentations may be arranged in any other way.
Figure 27 is a sectional elevation of a paper tube with end flanges, suitable for
winding into a ball, as indicated by the dotted lines "", "", "", "", side elevation,
Figure 28. The material might be wound square with the flanges to form the
core or inner part of the ball, as shown by dotted lines, Figure 27, and then

page_text: diagonally balled, as per Figure 28, or in any other way, either to this or a
different shape, but in any case there would be great advantages of allowing the
ball to be conveniently fixed on any spindle or machine, and the last yard of yarn
or other material would be as good as the first. Many modifications of shape and
material will suggest themselves to meet the various requirements which may
arise in regard to this part of my Invention.
Figures 29, 30, and 31 are other modifications. In Figure 29 a ring y of any
convenient and cheap substance would be made up inside the end of the barrel to
stiffen it and to form a foundation for the end collars. Or the ring might be
placed outside, as shown by Figure 30, or reduced in bulk, as per Figure 31.
It will be readily understood that many modes of attaching the flanges to the
barrels may be adopted with more or less success. The nails t, shown in Figure 32,
would be quite effective where there is sufficient substance in the body of the
bobbin or reel.
Figure 33 is a collar which would have radial cuts 8, 8, which would bo pressed
down inside suitable tubes forming the barrels of the bobbins. These fingers u
would stick inside the barrel very firmly indeed, and bobbins made from thin
barrels supported by such end collars would be both light and stiff.
The wood barrels may have glued to them paper collars, which would effect a
considerably economy in material, space, and weight.
It will thus be clearly seen that in any case I obtain a bobbin which will
contain more yarn, bulk for bulk, including the bobbin, than would be the case if
they were made entirely of wood, and they are lighter. When suitable labels are
placed upon them they make a much neater design than other kinds, which is no
small matter in such things, and they are altogether cheaper.
The hereinbefore described details of making my improved bobbins do not
exhaust all the many variations of forms and combinations of parts, but they will
be quite sufficient to enable any intelligent workman or manufacturer to construct
such bobbins so as to answer any special requirements without departure from the
principle of my Invention.
As regards the material used, I do not confine myself to paper, card board, or
papier-mache, though these are the materials generally mentioned in my Specifi-
cation because they would generally be found the cheapest; but where any other
material is found to hand cheaper and more convenient to get it may be used,
such, for instance, as lincrusta, linoleum, india rubber, cork, and any other
inaterial.
Having therefore described my Invention and the manner of carrying the same
into practical effect, I would have it clearly understood that I do not confine
myself to the precise shapes or materials used in the construction of the bobbins,
but I do claim as my Invention the improved bobbins herein set forth with both
modifications of shape and materials.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Briggs, junior, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty onę.