IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Hall, of Stack Steads, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 10th May 1861, and dated the 12th December 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Hall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th December 1860.
I, HENRY HALL, of Stack Steads, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING FIBROUS
MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
The yarn or thread passes between drawing rollers similar to those of the
throstle or mule, and from them through the bore of a hollow flyer placed in a
diagonal or other position, and working in stationary bearings, having between
them the wharve by which the flyer is driven. The yarn from the bore of the
flyer passes round one of the arms of the flyer in the usual manner, and is
wound on a bobbin of wood or metal fast to a spindle working in a frame,
which frame moves to and fro so as to carry the bobbin from the top to the
bottom of the flyer, and vice versa, for winding the yarn or thread uniformly
on the bobbin, the drag being given by pressure on the spindle.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Hall in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th June 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
HALL, of Stack Steads, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, send
greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did; for Herself, Her. heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Henry Hall, Her spécial licence that I, the said Henry Hall, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry
Hall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Hall, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
'NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Hall, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
(that is to say):-
The yarn or thread passes between drawing rollers similar to those of the
throstle or mule, and from thence through the hollow axis of a flyer placed in
'a diagonal or inclined position, as herein-after described and shewn in the
Drawings, and working in stationary bearings, having between them the
wharve by which the flyer is driven. The yarn from the bore of the flyer
passes round one of the arms of the flyer in the usual manner, and is wound
on a bobbin of wood or metal fast to a spindle working in a frame, which
frame moves to and fro, so as to carry the bobbin from the top to the bottom
of the flyer, and vice versa, for winding the yarn or thread uniformly on the
bobbin. The drag is given by passing the band or bands employed over two

page_text: and under two spindles, by which means the pressure is distributed. more
equally over the whole length of the frame, and the pressure is made to act in
a direction inclined at a like angle to each spindle.
This Invention will be clearly understood by referring to the Figures and
letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a front, and
Fig. 2 an end view, in which the arrangement and combination of parts
forming my improvements in machinery for spinning and doubling fibrous
inaterials are shewn..
The drawing rollers are shewn at a, from whence the yarn or thread b
passes through a hole or bore in the hollow axis of the flyer c. The hollow
axes of the flyers c are placed in a diagonal or inclined position; the angle at
which they may be inclined from the vertical may be varied within such limits
as admit of their being advantageously applied to secure the object herein-after
particularly mentioned. By preference I employ an inclination such as-is
shewn in the Drawings, and I make the axes of the flyers to work in bearings e,
between which are the wharves f by which they are turned. The flyers are
made of a length greater than has been heretofore usual in the case of similar
machinery, so as to enable the bobbins to be readily doffed when the bobbin
spindles are at the bottom of the traverse. The bobbins g are placed on the
spindles h, also in an inclined position, and perfectly in line with the hollow
spindles c. In the top of each bobbin spindle I make a slot or lock, so shaped
that the bobbin is retained securely in its place while the spindle is running;
but admits of being readily disengaged, so that the bobbin is easily doffed
when the spindle is at rest. The spindles work in the moveable frame. i,
having racks k gearing into the toothed quadrants or segments 1, the alternate
motion of which moves the frame i and bobbins 9 to and fro when winding on
the yarn or thread. To receive the full bobbins conveniently when they are
doffed I find it convenient to employ a trough, which is attached to the
machine in any suitable manner. The full bobbins remain in the trough till
the empty bobbins are put upon the spindles; a small quantity of yarn is
wound upon the latter by turning a fly wheel coupled to the end of the tin
roller. The drag is given to the bobbins by means of a band or bands passing
over two and under two spindles, and attached to a screw or rack at the end
of the frame, which screw can be adjusted according to the drag required.
The weights for the front rollers are suspended from a cross bar connected
therewith in any suitable manner as may occur to any person practically
acquainted with machinery of this description. I prefer to attach the weights
to the centre of the bar, so that they act in a line with the centre of the
machine. It will be seen that there are no guiding hooks between the rollers

page_text: and the flyers, and that the yarn or thread passes direct to the hollow axes of
the flyers, which arrangement, enables the flyers to be brought closer to the
rollers than usual, and also prevents the angular pull and vibration of the yarn
or, thread, by which means more perfect spinning is obtained. The inclined
position of the spindles enables the flyers to be turned with much less friction
than if they were vertical, for the collars of the wharves do not press against
their bearings with much weight, and the said inclined position also affords
great facility for piecing up the broken ends of the yarn or thread. By
placing the tin roller out of the centre of the frame in the position shewn in
Figure 2, I am, enabled to obtain this important advantage, not hitherto
obtained, that is to say, I obtain the same inclination of the spindles on both
sides of the frame, and in both cases there is equal freedom from friction upon
the collars of the hollow flyers. The frames which support the spindles are
small and compact, and thereby tend to prevent unsteadiness, which, with the
before-mentioned diminution of friction enable the flyers and bobbins to be
turned at a great increase of speed.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I would have it
understood that the same relates to machinery and apparatus for spinning
and doubling fibrous materials wherein the axes of the hollow flyers and of the
spindles are made to work in a position inclined to the vertical; but I do not
claim as my Invention the principle of employing the inclined position for
spindles, as the same has been before used, nor do I claim the use of flyers
separated, as shewn in the Drawings; but I do claim as my Invention the
arrangement and combination of parts arranged as herein described, reference
being made to the annexed Drawings, Figures 1 and 2.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Hall, have. hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one..
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Henry Hall, in the
presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.
HENRY HALL. (L.S.)