IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING GAS IN ITS PASSAGE FROM BLAST FURNACES TO THE FURNACES, STOVES, BOILERS, OR. OTHER HEATING APPARATUS WHERE THE GAS IS EMPLOYED
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles' Cochrane, of Ormesby Iron Works, Middles-
borough-on-Tees, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING GAS IN
ITS PASSAGE FROM BLAST FURNACES TO THE FURNACES, STOVES, BOILERS, OR.
OTHER HEATING APPARATUS WHERE THE GAS IS EMPLOYED."
Sealed the 31st December 1861, and dated the 9th July 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Cochrane at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th July 1861.
I; CHARLES COCHRANE, of Ormesby Iron Works, Middlesborough-on-Tees,.
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREAT-
ING. GAS IN ITS PASSAGE FROM BLAST FURNACES TO THE FURNACES, STOVES,
BOILERS, OR OTHER HEATING APPARATUS WHERE THE GAS IS EMPLOYED,"
as follows:-...
Heretofore the gas passing from the head of a blast furnace has been con-
ducted to the furnace or furnaces where the gas is consumed for the purpose
of heating such furnace or furnaces, stoves, boilers, or other heating apparatus,.
but I have ascertained that the gas passing off from a blast furnace is loaded.
with solid matter in a fine state of division which prejudices the employment
of such gas. Now my Invention consists of subjecting the gas as it comes
from a blast furnace, and before it arrives in the furnace or furnaces, stoves,

page_text: boilers, or other heating apparatus in which it is to be consumed, to the
action of what is called a "scrubber," consisting of coke or other suitable
substance, amongst which streams of water are caused to flow, the gas being
passed through such scrubber either in the same or a different direction to the
water; or, of forcing the gas through a column of water by the assistance of
an exhauster, or any other suitable method of effecting its passage.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Cochrane in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th January 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
COCHRANE, of Ormesby Iron Works, Middlesborough-on-Tees, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Charles Cochrane, Her special licence that I, the said Charles Cochrane,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Charles Cochrane, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TREATING GAS IN ITS PASSAGE FROM BLAST FURNACES TO THE FURNACES,
STOVES, BOILERS, OR OTHER HEATING APPARATUS WHERE THE GAS IS EMPLOYED,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles Cochrane, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe. and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Cochrane, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol
lowing statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists in applying to a blast furnace exhausting or forcing

page_text: machinery, together with a "scrubber" or apparatus capable of dividing the
gas after it comes from the head of the furnace into very numerous minute
streams or divisions, and capable also of subjecting the gas, when so divided, to
the action of water in such manner as to remove all dust from the gas.
5 In carrying out this Invention, the construction of the "scrubber," or
apparatus used for dividing the gas into very numerous minute streams or
divisions and for applying water thereto, may be greatly varied, but in the
Drawings hereunto annexed I have shown the constructions of apparatus
which I prefer to employ. I would, however, state that I make no claim
O separately to the construction of "scrubbers," which may be used in carrying
out my Invention, whatever be their arrangement or construction.
The exhausting or forcing machinery which I prefer to employ consists of
pumps such as are used for forcing air to blast furnaces, though other arrange-
ments of exhausting or forcing apparatus may be used when carrying out my
5 Invention.
I would, however, further state that I make no claim separately to the
exhausting or forcing machinery employed in carrying out my Invention,
whatever be the construction or arrangement thereof.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a scrubber suitable to be employed
when carrying out my Invention; Figure 2 is a transverse section, and Figure 3
is a plan thereof.
The gas is conducted by a suitable pipe from the head of a blast furnace con-
nected with the chamber or compartment A of the scrubber, which in the
arrangement shown is divided into six compartments A, B, C, D, E, F. The
upright partitions between such chambers are perforated with holes, and there
is also a vertical plate to each vertical partition perforated with very numerous
small holes. From the chamber or compartment A, the gas passes through
the chambers or compartments B, C, and D, which are filled with coke or
other suitable substances used in making scrubbers, and down through which
streams of water are constantly caused to flow, so that the gas in its passage
through the interstices of the scrubber will not only be divided into very
numerous minute streams or divisions, but the gas will be subjected to the
action of water whilst so subdivided, by which the dust carried by the gas will
be separated therefrom, and conducted or washed down through the horizontal
partition, which is perforated with holes in the parts which support the
scrubbing materials into the space or compartment F; from whence it may be
removed from time to time. The gas from the compartment D flows into the

page_text: outlet compartment E, to which by preference the exhausting machinery is
applied so as to keep up or induce a free flow of gas through the scrubber,
and by such machinery the gas is forced to the furnace or furnaces or
apparatus where the gas is to be consumed; b, c, and d, are branch pipes for
supplying water to the chambers B, C, and D, from the water supply pipe, and
the water so supplied to those chambers is divided into numerous streams by
the perforated plates at the upper parts of the chambers below the ends of the
branch pipes b, c, and d.
It will be evident that the exhausting or forcing machinery might be applied
between the scrubber and the head of the blast furnace, and be employed to
force the gas through the scrubber, but 1 prefer the mode of working which is
described above, as the gas, by such mode of action, does not come to the
exhausting or forcing machinery till the gas has been freed from the dust
carried thereby.
Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section, Figure 5 a plan, of another form of
scrubber suitable to be used in carrying out my Invention, and Figure 6 a plan
of one of the perforated plates employed, or such plate may be otherwise
formed or be of wire gauze, or otherwise made reticulate.
I prefer that several such plates should be used below the surface of the
water in the scrubber, the holes of one being opposite the unperforated parts
of the next above and below it, in order that the gas as it comes from a blast
furnace, and before it passes to the furnaces or chambers in which it is to be
consumed, may not only be divided into very numerous minute streams or
divisions, but at the same time be subjected to the action of water so as to
remove the dust. This apparatus is horizontally divided into two compart-
ments A and E, the horizontal partition consisting of several perforated plates
placed parallel to each other, and at a short distance apart. The gas from
the head of a blast furnace is, as before, by preference conducted into the
chamber A by the inlet pipe, and the exhausting machinery is applied at the
outlet pipe of the compartment E. Water is supplied to the scrubber by a
pipe G, and the dust settling in the lower compartment is washed away from
time to time through the pipe H. By this arrangement the gas is not only
introduced so as to pass under the water in its progress to the compartment E,
but it is divided into numerous minute streams or divisions by the perforated
or reticulated plates or surfaces which separate the compartment A from the
compartment E, the gas being simultaneously acted on by the water.
these respects, although the form, and arrangement of this scrubber differs
from the previous one, the effect in respect to the gas from a blast furnace is
the same, and, as before stated, the form and construction of the scrubber used
In

page_text: in carrying out my Invention may be greatly varied so long as it is suitable for
causing the gas to be divided into very numerous streams or divisions, and for
causing the numerous divisions or streams of gas to be acted on by water.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Cochrane, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
CHARLES COCHRANE. (L.S.)