IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Wilberforce Taylor of Ripon in the County of
York Master of Arts for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING
MACHINES"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Wilberforce Taylor
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th November 1882.
WILLIAM WILBERFORCE TAYLOR of Ripon in the County of York Master of
Arts "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINES"
My Invention relates to the class of printing machines described in the
Specification of Letters Patent N° 1127 granted to Edwyn Anthony and myself as
of the 27th day of March A.D. 1875 and has for its object to afford a more perfect
means for carrying the web of paper to be printed over the guiding or turning
surfaces or rollers by which the paper is turned or twisted in the required
direction.
According to my said Invention I provide an additional web or webs or tape or
tapes which is or are arranged to act as a carrier or support for the tape or tapes by
which the paper is carried around the guiding or turning surfaces or rollers and I
may carry the tapes or webs up over additional rollers or surfaces so that guides
may be arranged for each tape or web clear of the paper and guides may also be
arranged beneath for the same purpose of desired.
My Invention also consists of other methods of arranging the tapes by means of
Skiw pulleys to give the tapes substantially the same motion as if they were in
contact with the turning cylinders and other forms of turning apparatus where in
one or more of the turning cylinders described in the Specification of the
Patent 1127. 1875 replaced by one or more systems of skew pulleys arranged side
by side so as to give substantially the same motion to the tapes or webbing or
paper in contact with it as the turning cylinder would give and other turning
apparatus in which one side of the paper tape or webbing is brought near or in
contact with a cylinder to effect a portion of its turn and to complete the turn the
other side of the paper is brought near to another turning cylinder in order to give
a more equal tension to the tapes or webbing on the two sides of the paper.
ID 1031

page_text: Further I provide a species of turner of which the surface partakes of the motion
of the paper tape or webbing in contact with it.
cams
For example I divide the turners into longitudinal sections and furnish these
with internal rollers so that the various parts can slide lengthwise upon one
another and I rotate the turners so constructed in connection with
applied at or near the ends thereof so that the surface of the roller partakes of
the motion of the tapes web webbing or paper with which it is in contact and
when not in contact the sections of the turners receive a rapid return motion.
My Invention further relates to other means of achieving the same object
e. g. having a series of cylinders arranged regularly round a common axis capable of
independent rotation and oscillation.
My Invention further relates to the construction of the framework of machines
provided with turners in which the type or stereotype cylinders are on the same
axis and to providing facilities for placing the formes thereon by making such
framework with a free opening through it large enough to admit the formes
longitudinally and by making the type cylinder in sections counected with screws
so that the formes may be slid in through such openings and fixed in their places
and in the same machines providing a double turner by connecting together two
of the transferring and reversing turners described in the Specification of the
Patent 1127. 1875 and to modifying the above machines by placing some of the
webs of paper to be printed on one end of the machine and transferring them to
the other and placing others where the first are finished and transferring them in
the contrary direction.
In flat surface web machines of the same class I arrange the distributing, surface
for the ink on the underneath surface of the beds carrying the formes or make
both sides of the beds carrying the formes available for carrying the formes to be
printed from.
Further I provide a means of giving to the beds carrying the printing formes
the motion required in these machines shown at Figures 36, 37, 38 of the drawings
of the Specification of the Patent 1127. 1875 by means of a species of rack driven
by the pinions numbered 37 and 38 in the said drawings instead of by the method
given the said Specification or by means of a slow forward screw and rack motion
combined with a dropping motion when fully forward and a rapid return screw and
rack motion ending with a raising motion when ack home af er which the series
repeats itself.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Wilberforce Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th May 1883.
WILLIAM WILBERFORCE TAYLOR of Ripon in the County of York Master of
Arts "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINES
رو
My Invention relates principally to the class of printing machines described in
the Specification of Letters Patent N° 1127 granted to Edwyn Anthony and myself
as of the twenty seventh day of March in the year of Our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy five and has for one of its objects to afford a more
perfect means for carrying the web of paper to be printed over the guiding or
turning surfaces or rollers by which the paper is turned or twisted in the required
direction-According to this part of my said Invention I provide an additional
web or webs or tape or tapes which is or are arranged to act as a carrier or
support for the tape or tapes by which the paper is carried around the guiding or
turning surfaces and rollers and I may carry the tapes or webs up over additional
rollers or surfaces so that guides may be arranged for oach tape or web clear of the
paper and guides may also be arranged beneath for the same purpose if desired
My said Invention further consists of other methods of arranging the tapes by
means of skew pulleys to give the tapes substantially the same motion as if they
were in contact with the turning cylinders and other forms of turning apparatus.
where in one or more of the turning cylinders described in the Specification of the
Patent Number 1127 in the year of Our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy five is or are replaced by one or more systems of skew pulleys arranged
side by side so as to give substantially the same motion to the tapes or webbing
or paper in contact with it as the turning cylinder would give.
Further I provide a species of turner of which the surface partakes of the motion
of the paper tape or webbing in contact with it.
For example I divide the turners into longitudinal sections and furnish these
with internal rollers so that the various parts can slide lengthwise upon one
another and I rotate the turners so constructed in connection with cams applied at
or near the ends thereof so that the surface of the roller partakes of the motion of
the tapes web webbing or paper with which it is in contact and when not in
contact the sections of the turners receive a rapid return motion. My Invention
further relates to other means of achieving the same object-e, g, having a series of
Cylinders arranged regularly round a common axis capable of independent rotation
and oscillation.
My Invention further relates to the construction of the framework of Machines
provided with turners in which the type or stereotype Cylinders are on the same
axis and to providing facilites for placing the formes thereon by making such
framework with a free opening through it large enough to admit the formes
longitudinally and by making the type cylinders in sections connected with screws
so that the formes may be slid in through such openings and fixed in their places
and in the same machines providing a double turner by connecting together two of
the transferring and reversing turners described in the Specification of the
Patent 1127 A.D. 1875 and to modify the above machines by placing some of the
webs of paper to be printed on one end of the Machine and transferring them to
the other end and placing others where the first are finished and transferring them
in the contrary direction.
In flat surface web machines of the same class I arrange (1) the distributing
surface for the ink on the underneath surface of the Beds carrying the formes or (2)

page_text: make both sides of the beds carrying the formes available for carrying the formes
to be printed from.
Further I provide a means of giving to the beds carrying the printing formes
the motion required in these Machines shewn at Figures 36, 37 and 38 of the
Drawings of the Specification of the Patent 1127 A.D 1875 by means of a species
of rack driven by the pinions numbered 37 and 38 in the said Drawings instead of
by the method given in the said Specification or by means of a slow forward screw
and rack motion combined with a dropping motion when fully forward and a rapid
return screw and rack motion ending with a raising motion when back home after
which the series repeats itself.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed mere particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures on the annexed Drawings the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the corresponding figures.
Figures 1 and 2 represent diagramatically in elevation and plan respectively an
arrangement according to my Invention for carrying the web of paper to be printed
upon over the guiding or turning surfaces or rollers by which the paper is turned
or twisted in the required direction.
In both these diagrams X Y represent two cylinders of any suitable diameters
by preference of diameters equal to each other fixed at right angles to one another
and with any required distance between them A B. D. E are rollers parallel to
one another and each making an angle of 45° with the cylinders X Y; the under
surface of the Rollers A. D. are flush with the under surface of the Cylinder X, and
the upper surface of the Rollers B, E, are flush with the upper surface of the
Cylinder Y.
The Rollers A and D are nearly in contact with the Rollers B and E and serve
only to carry tapes or webbing; they can consequently be discontinuous, provided
only that the portion requisite to carry the tapes or webbing exist, C represents
one of two Rollers arranged at right angles to the Rollers A, B, D, E, and making
an angle of 45° with each of the Cylinders X Y.
These Rollers C are parallel to one another, fixed so that the upper surface of the
one and the under surface of the other are made to come flush with the upper and
under surfaces of the cylinders X and Y respectively, or a single Roller can be
substituted for these rollers provided its upper and lower surfaces take the same
positions that the upper and lower surfaces of the two rollers C would take as
described above.
It is unnecessary for the angles which the Rollers A. B D E. make with the
Cylinders X. Y to be angles of 45° but they must be parallel to each other and
the Rollers C must make the same angle with the Cylinders X, Y that the
Rollers A. B and D. E do, but the Rollers A. B and D. E will not then be at right
angles to C.
The point of shortest distance between the Cylinders X and Y is situate nearer
to the Roller C than the mid le line of the natural course of the web of paper (as
described in the Specification of the said Patent 1127 A.D. 1875).
The diameters of the Rollers B and D) must be a little greater than the diameters
of the Cylinders Y and X respectively; the diameters of the Rollers E and A must
be greater than the diameters of the Cylinders Y and X respectively by a little
more than the distance between the said Cylinders Y and X.
As in the case of the Roller C, so in the cases of the Rollers A, B, D, E, two
parallel rollers may be used instead of one in each case, and then the only cou-
sideration would be that the tapes web or webbing or paper passing over them
must not interfere with or be interfered with by other parts of the Machines.
In this apparatus the ordinary tapes are carried by other tapes which I call the
carrying tapes.
The carrying tapes pass from D to A round A under and round X over and
round and under C, under and round Y, round E and B and straight through
between X and Y to go round D; after repeating this course the tape will meet

page_text: itself again but not before, except in the case of the centre tape, which will only go
through the course once.
The ordinary system of tapes or the carried tapes pass from D to A round A
under and round X, over and round and under C, under and round Y, round E
and B, under and round X, over and round and under C, under and round Y,
round D, to the point where it started. There will be two such tapes for each
carrying tape, except the centre one, which will only have one; and the carrying
tapes will save these ordinary tapes from friction against the Cylinders X and Y:
the carrying tapes must be driven at some point of their motion.-The ordinary
tapes, may or may not, according to pleasure, pass through the rest of the Machine
before returning into themselves.
The tapes above described can each individually be of any width desired and
may be made a continuous web or webbing on the one hand, and the remarks
about centre tapes would apply to such web or webbing or on the other hand
might be reduced to threads or fine cords in which case as probably in others, it
would be advisable for there to be grooves made in the Rollers and turning
cylinders for them to take into. Any number of guides can be arranged for the
tapes above or below the Apparatus between A and D and B and E, and also in
the middle if necessary between B and D.
Figures 3 and 4 are diagrams representing in Plan and Elevation another
arrangement similar to that described with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
The directions of A. B. C F. G. H obey the same Rules as the directions of
A. B. D. E.
The directions of X. Y. being the same as those of X. Y. in the first case and the
directions of D and E the same as those of C.
The under surface of B must be flush with the under surface of Y, the upper
surface of Y within a trifle flush with the under surface of D and E, the upper
surface of D and E within a trifle flush with the under surface of X, the axes of D
and E being exactly half way between X and Y, the small margin left between D
aud E and X and Y being to allow of the passage of the tapes and paper and
depending on the thickness of these being equal to that combined thickness or less
according as grooves are or are not sunk on the Rollers D and E for the tapes or
their equivalents.-In place of D it may be necessary to substitute two rollers one
ou the side of D, remote from E and covered by continuous blanketing to prevent
set off. The upper surface of X must be flush with the upper surface of G.
The Rollers C and F, D and E may be of any convenient diameter, the diameter
of B must be greater than that of Y and less than those of Y and D combined, the
diameter of G must be greater than that of X and less than those of X and D
combined, the diameter of A must be greater than x + y + d-b and the diameter
of H greater than x + y + d−g where the small letters x. y. d. b. g stand for the
diameters of X. Y. D. B. G respectively.
In this Apparatus the course of the paper tapes and carrying tapes is between B
and C under and round Y under and round D (the carrying tapes can here be
separated from the rest and taken round E and provided with guides between D
and E), under and round X and out between F and G; the carrying tapes would
then pass through between G and H and through the middle of the apparatus
between A and B round B to meet themselves; after describing this course twice, the
other tapes issue from between F and G, some below and some above the paper.-
Those above the paper travel across the top of the apparatus round A and B and
travelling through again on the other side of the paper issue at G below the paper.
They now belong to the second class and travel round G and H back round C and
meet themselves where they originally started. The same remarks as to number
of tapes and centre tapes and the substitution of webbing for tapes apply to this
case as in the first case. In each case tapes can be supplied with guides at any
part of their return motion where free from the paper a at the top of apparatus
at the middle or at the bottom.
The effect of the paper passing through this apparatus is the same as in the case

page_text: 1
of the first described arrangement, but the advantage derived is that the travel of
the paper can be made considerably shorter owing to the fact that D can be carried
in between X and Y.
1 th
Figures 5 and 6 represent a turner divided into longitudinal sections with
internal rollers a enabling the sections to slide upon each other. A roller at each
end of each section may also be provided to enable the sections to roll freely on
cams; if the number of Sections were n the least distance through which the
longitudinal motion can take place must be as long as the paper is in contact with
any part of it in order to prevent sliding of the paper on the roller, and would be
half a revolution together with the part of a revolution,-.e when as repre-
sented in the figure the number of Sections is Six the forward motion (i.c with
the paper) must last from the moment one of these Six sections begins to touch the
paper till after it has ceased, that is through 3rd of a revolution leaving nearly
3rd of a revolution or generally (-1th) of a revolution for the return motion:
this could be accomplished by means of springs attached to a plate revolving with
the turner at one of its extremities. As the angle of the helical cam that the ends
of the turner would have to slide on to give it the required motion would be an
angle of 45°, I should add as an assistance to it the gearing represented in figures 5
and 6 where there are represented a series of crown wheels B. B, B. B, B. B, driving
two series of crown wheels A, A, A, A, (for the forward motion) and C. C. (for the
return motion). B. B. are keyed on the same shaft as D. D. which are driven by a
wheel whose axis coincides with the axis of the turner; this wheel must be con-
nected by gearing with the driving wheel of the machine so as to rotate at the
proper speed. C. C. must be so proportioned as to be driven at twice the speed of
AA; and A A, C, C, must have connected rigidly with them rough wheels to
drive the sections of the turning cylinder by friction or gearing suitably proportioned
to a rack on the surface of the cylinder.
N2
2 n
The first wheel B that comes into action on any section when rotation
commences ought to have an axis long enough to enable the corresponding wheel A
to act for a distance × the circumference of the turner measured along the
surface of the turner from the position in which the section approaches most nearly
to the end where D, D, are situate; the next ought to be at twice this distance ;
the next at thrice this distance; and so on. The return wheels represented in dotted
lines in figure 6 ought to be, the first one at a distance equal to the last of the
previous series, and the others at proportional distances according to their number;
thus when the whole number is Six the first will be at a distance equal to 1/1/2/2
× circumference; the third
42
12
2√2
12
3√9
X
12
the circumference of the turner the second
circumference, the fourth × circumference, and the return over at distances
2√2
× circumference, and
expressions we must put 2:
as convenient.
4√2
12
12
× circumference, to calculate the value of these
= 1.4142135 and use as many figures of this decimal
The wheels B. B. that are dotted are on the other side of the cylinder; the other
dotted lines are intended to represent the bearings that must be provided for their
axes, which will be ring shaped when looked at from the end of cylinder and nearly
helical on each side of the cylinder but connected by straight portions at intervals
in reality and seen to be so when looked at from the side.--The same arrangement
may be made at the other end, care being taken that the space between each or any
pair of the wheels that would be in action on any one section at the same time is
the same.
The object of this arrangement is to get no tension greater than is obtained in
audinamu markings for the wah tanoe or naner

page_text: In figure 7 I represent a diametral section of a series of rotating wheels A A A
arranged parallel to one another and with their axes at an angle of 45° to the line
passing through their centres, they are hollowed out at their center parts to allow of
their near approach and to admit of a bearing for their axes, roughly speaking, of
the shape of an inverted U. This and the bearing to which all these are attached
must be so proportioned as not to touch either of two parallel planes perpendicular
to the plane of the paper which just touch all the wheels A A.
The wheels A, A, may or may not be grooved by grooves running round them as
indicated with regard to one roller at D to carry tapes or cords. This arrangement
can be either used singly or in pairs to form a sort of skew pulley to turn the
paper instead of the turning cylinders. They can be made to approach one another
closer than represented in the Figure and so present a more continuous surface.―
They can be used with continuous webbing as described with reference to Figures 1,
2, 3, 4 or otherwise.
In Figures 8 and 9 is shewn an arrangement to relieve the sheet of the presence
of the outside tapes instead of these going round the turning cylinder A in contact
with the paper as at B they pass along over a pulley C on which they wrap for
three fourths approximately of the circumference and thereby are conveyed to
another skew pulley C and are returned into the same course that they would
have after wrapping half round the cylinder. These skew pulleys may be arranged
so that the tape between them slightly touches the paper for a short distance and
guides E. E can be provided to make the paper follow the line of the cylinder and
not follow the tapes.
A single skew pulley can be arranged in the same manner for the underneath
tapes at the time of their passing the turners.
Figures 10 and 11 relate to machines where the type or stereotype cylinders
are on the same axis.-B represents the central part of the cylinder with the axis
and the space which can be utilised for the driving wheels &c of the whole
machine-A represents the sectional part (gradually decreasing towards the centre
of the axis) which is attached to the axis by screws which will either screw it
towards or away from the middle part of the cylinder represented by the dotted
line K K; it may be made of several sections D. E. F. as represented in Figure 11
the dotted lines representing the parts of A towards K and the full lines the parts
at the end of the machine, Calling the three sections of the cylinder in Figure 11.
D. E. F. where E the middle section is represented as tapering towards the further
end of the cylinder, E would first require to be unscrewed as it keys in D and F
as well as keying in the stereo-plates, then D and F would be unscrewed at about
half as much as E has been, loosening the stereo-plates which are represented in
the Section view Figure 10 outside A but are not shewn in Figure 11. The Stereo-
plates can now be taken out, to replace them by new ones the process must be
reversed. Outside D. E. F is represented a horse-shoe opening which must be left
free from any incumbrance in the framework of the machine in order to enable this
plan to be effectually carried out.
To prevent the horse-shoe opening from unduly weakening the machine the
impression cylinders ought to be placed at an angle of 45° with the base of it.
Figure 12 shews for the same class of machine an improved arrangement of the
turners H, L. H. L by combining them in pairs on each side of the machine, little
rollers g may be used to carry the paper on to the turners and off again and these
turners may be arranged so as to point vertically upwards and downwards or
horizontally.
The webs of paper can be placed half at one end of the axis and the other half
at the other, this gives greater symmetry to the machine as it necessitates the
cutting and folding & being distributed in the same manner.
In connection with the slot above described through the framework it would be
convenient to have a table on wheels specially provided so as to run the stereotype
formes into a position exactly opposite to their position in the machine so that
by simply pushing them in they may assume their final position and a groove.or

page_text: rather a slight depression in the floor to determine this position accurately by the
wheels of the said table naturally resting when they come to the groove.
Figure 14 represents in plan a machine to print from a flat surface which has
no properly so called reciprocating movement.-Figure 19 represents one of the
type tables for such a machine when the arrangement drawn in full lines in
Fig. 14 is used. Figure 18 shews one of the tables used when the arrangement
drawn in dotted lines in Figure 14 is used.
Figure 15 represents the elevation of such a machine and Figure 16 the pitch
circles of the driving gear.
In Figure 14 A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H constitute the framework of the machine
The inner sides of the framework C. D and E. F are furnised with a groove
in which the pins marked A B in figures 18 and 19 work. This groove follows
the course represented in Figure 15 indicated by the letters M, A, B, C, D, E,
F, G, H, two straight portions joined by four semi circular portions A. I. E; B. J. F;
C. K. G; D. L. H. The distance between the axis of W. N and the axis of X. O.
in Figure 14 and between the axis of Y. P and the axis Z. Q. in Figure 14 must be
the same as the distance of the terminal pair of pins A B. A B. in Figure 18 or 19.
In Figure 14 N. O. P. Q (or R. S. T. U) represent the toothed wheels to drive
the rack along the whole of its course, so the circular part of the groove inust have
its mean diameter equal to the pitch circles of these wheels.
To find the distance between the centre of O and the centre of P.-
Let x =
y
n
number of pins in the side of the table.
number of teeth in the circumference of the wheel.
the number of tables used in the machine at one time.
d the linear distance between the centres of two consecutivo teeth.
then yd
= the circumference of the wheel practically and n x d must be the
least length of the circuit B. C. D. L. H. G. F. J and (x-1) d is the distance C. D
or G. H.
= n. x. d.
... 2 (x-1) d + 2 B. C. + y. d.
One convenient case is when the number of teeth in a wheel is the same as the
number of pins in the rack and the number of tables in the machine is 4-
then 2 (x-1) d + 2 B. C. + x d
ог
B. C =
- 4 x. d.
(x + 1) d.
which is the case represented in the Figures and the number of teeth in a driving
wheel has been represented as 12, the fewer there are the larger the pins can be
and the greater firmness is given to the machine.
With four tables the maximum length of B. C. would be (x-1) d
-
if we wish
one driving wheel to engage with the table at C before the other leaves it at B,
or x d if we do not; taking the former case and four tables, we find four as the
number of teeth. Now three teeth or any greater number of teeth can drive
a rack so the motion is then possible and it would enable us to give a large size
to the pins of which the rack consists but probably a more even motion would be
secured by a slightly greater number of teeth.
The driving wheel of the whole machine is at L in Figure 14, this drives X and Y
on the sames axes as there are keyed O. P, O P and X Y.-The first pair X Y
drive wheels at K M the second pair X. Y. drive wheels at I. J. and these in turn
drive W. Z. W. Z. on the axes of which are keyed N. Q. which are sunk into the
framework if desired in order to diminish the length of the pins A B of the type
tables. The wheels O. P of the same shape as N. Q (or otherwise if desired as
can be seen to be possible from the figures) gear into the rack on the type tables
which rack is represented as consisting of pins with spaces between in Figures
18 and 19 but might be a simple straight rack with circular ends extending on
both sides of the type table equally well if desired.-These wheels must be placed
a little further in towards the centre of the machine in order to gear into the said
rack however constructed and if the form of type table represented in Figure 18
be used need be in the centre as represented at ST in Figure 14-The motion of
a type table is always parallel to itself starting at M in Figure 15-the-front-pins

page_text: will follow the course indicated by A B. C, D..L H G F J and the hind ones
will simultaneously follow that indicated by the small letters a c k ge so that the
positions of the table will be successively B. A. D. C. L. k. H. G. F. E.; at F the
front pin at starting, now the hind one, would naturally follow the groove F. E
so there must be a catch to allow one to pass and force the next up the groove
F, J, a convenient form for this purpose is represented in Figure 20.
The pin which comes first passes along and meets no obstacle until it comes to
or near to the part B. C. when it causes the catch to revolve round the pin D and
makes the part E F engage with the hind pin and hinders it from following the
same course, after which it again falls by its own weight at once into Buch a
position as to allow the table immediately following to pass freely along the groove
up to B. C. and repeat the operation. A similar catch can if desired be applied at
C. D. but it would need rather more delicate adjusting. In addition to the devices
described it is necessary to or advisable to supply a place for taking the formes off
or by repeating the gear just described at the other end we can enable the machine
to be reversed which would enable the formes to be taken off bodily with their
forme tables at M or the groove E. F. G. H can be conveniently lengthened
towards E as represented E. M. that the formes can be removed by simply throwing
out of gear the catch represented in Figure 20.
The table can be inked once between the impression cylinders and once by
inking the tables underneath at any convenient or suitable part of their travel
and distributing the ink by means of the padded surface of the axes shewn by
V. V. in Figure 14 and by any number of rollers placed between these and from
these rollers conveyed to the tables below and finely distributed on them at their
passage through the space marked F. G. in Figure 15.-These would at the same
time serve to steady the type tables during the impression and might be replaced
with other cylinders for that especial purpose if the inking were done elsewhere.
This device of using the lower surface of the tables carrying the type for an inking
surface can also be used in machines of the oscillating or reciprocating class by
letting the table at each end of its run pass between four ink distributing rollers
and shortly before that pass over inking rollers the four ink distributing rollers
being attached so that two are above at the same time that two are below the
table and all are in contact with it at the same time and that by a semi-revolution
while the table is at the other end the other pair become the receivers of the ink
and the pair that previously distributed it retire below the table to receive a fresh
supply. I do not confine myself to the number four above.
By making alternate tables, inking tables on their other surface and type tables
below, and by carrying the paper over a roller at a suitable distance instead of
over the turning apparatus the paper may be printed continuously on one side by
the two impression cylinders represented in Figure 15 and the turning apparatus
instead of being inserted where represented could then be employed after the
paper was fully printed on one side and by the use of two more impression
cylinders below the apparatus could be printed completely on the other side of
the paper.
By another arrangement I should use a single impression cylinder preferably
at C in Figure 15 and print the other side of the paper before it reached this point
or afterwards either on another machine of the same class after transferring the
paper in any suitable manuer, or I should print one side either before or after the
use of this machine on a cylinder machine and afterwards the other side on this;
this would be particularly applicable to machines required to do fine work on one
side of the paper only as the impression cylinder at C could be made of any size
desired probably most conveniently of four times the diameter represented as this
would enable packing to be applied to it to suit the requirements of each individual
type table.
By another modification I place the type on both sides of the type tables and
then either print as described above with one large impression cylinder for each
side of the paper or I obtain complete impression in duplicate by using the

page_text: arrangement in Figure 15 twice over or by using one of the impression cylinders
there represented and reversing and printing on the other side below the machine
and conversly with the other web.
By another modification I should use either only one or more than two sets of
driving wheels like O P Figure 14; this would in the first case alter the first
equations given above into-
y
T
= 2x + 2
this arrangement would make it more troublesome to provide for the inking but
not so much so that it can not be readily overcome by very much the same methods
as described above if there were four sets of driving wheels.
I do not confine myself to the horizontal position of the framework as described
as for some of the machines it may be better in some other position or even
vertical. Nor to the special forming of connecting gear as it can evidently be
replaced by crown wheels driven from a common shaft or by other arrangements.
By another modification I place small rollers to control the travel of the paper
very near to the points A and B and C and D in Figure 15 carrying it up over a
roller between B and C or over a turning apparatus and by means of a platten
made in the same way as but considerably stronger than the flyer described and
figured in Patent 3056. 1875 at Figures 3 and 4 I take an impression when each
of the type tables is in the position A B or C. D. In Figure 13 a b is the platten
jointed at A and B to the equal arms A. C, B. D. The arins A. C. and B. D. are
parallel to one another and are caused to rotate by any usual and suitable means
round the centres C and D with equal velocity; the platten therefore always moves
parallel to itself. In Figure 4. H. C. and K. D. are equal parallel arms which are
caused to rotate by any usual and suitable means round the centres H and K with
equal velocity. The rods A C and B D are jointed respectively at C and D to the
arins HC and K D and to the platten a bat A and B., PQ are fixed pins and
slots are provided in the rods A CBD to allow of their sliding freely on and
turning round the pins. It is evident that in this arrangement also the platten
will move parallel to itself.
Any of these arrangements can be used to make a machine to print on only one
side of the paper instead of both and by the methods of taping above described
the paper could be cut into sheets before printing and any two of the arrangements
for printing one side of the paper can be combined together to effect the perfect
printing of both sides.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect
I would observe in conclusion that although I have had occasion to refer to the
Patent N° 1127 of One thousand eight hundred and seventy five I wish it to be
understood that I have merely done so to facilitate the description of my present
Invention but I wish it to be distinctly understood that I do not intend any of my
c'aims under the present patent to in any way be construed as covering anything
which is described or published by the Specification of the said prior Patent but
what I consider to be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to me by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is :-
:-
First In printing Machines an arrangement of additional or carrying tape or
tapes (or their equivalents) for carrying or supporting the tape or tapes (or their
equivalents by which the paper is carried around the guiding and turning surfaces
or rellers substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3
and 4 of the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The general arrangement and combination of parts substantially as

page_text: and for the purpose hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of
the accompanying Drawings.
Third. The general arrangement and combination of parts substantially as and
for the purpose hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 3 and 4 of the
accompanying Drawings.
Fourth. The arrangement of tapes or their equivalent described with reference
to figures 1 and 2 or 3 and 4 of the accompanying Drawings as a carrying tape
together with the necessary rollers therefor whether used as a carrying tape or not.
Fifth-In printing machines the construction and arrangement of turners in
sections so that the parts thereof can partake of the sidewards movement of the
tapes webs or paper passing thereover substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to Figures 5 and 6 of the accompanying Drawings
Sixth. The combination with turners arranged as claimed by the preceding
claiming clause with means for giving them a rapid return motion substantially
as herein before described with reference to Figures 5 and 6 of the accompanying
Drawings
Seventh The arrangement of skew pulleys or wheels substantially as herein-
before described with reference to figure 7 of the accompanying Drawings.
Eighth. Arranging the tapes by means of skew pulleys as hereinbefore described
with reference to figures 8 and 9 of the accompanying Drawings.
Ninth. In printing machines making the framework with an opening in it to
admit the formes longitudinally and making the type cylinders in sections so that
the formes may be slid into and fixed in their places substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in figures 10 and 11 of the accompanying drawings
Tenth. The arrangement of double turner substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in figure 12 of the accompanying Drawings.
Eleventh. In flat surface printing machines arranging the distributing surface
for the ink on the underneath surface of the beds carrying the formes as herein-
before described.
Twelfth-The arrangements for giving to the beds carrying the printing formes
the motion required substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
Figures 13 to 20 of the accompanying Drawings
In witness whereof I the said William Wilberforce Taylor have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal this fourteenth day of May One thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.
WILLIAM WILBERFORCE TAYLOR (4.8.)