IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED BAD LUBRICATING REVOLVING SHARTS OR AXLES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Somerset and Isaac Richardson Hayes,
both of Bradford, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED
BAD LUBRICATING REVOLVING SHARTS OR
AXLES
وو
Sealed the 14th September 1875, and dated the 19th March 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Somerset and
Isaac Richardson Hayes at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 19th March 1875.
We, JOHN SOMERSET and ISAAC RICHARDSON HAYES, both of Brad-
ford, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE
EMPLOYED FOR LUBRICATING REVOLVING SHAFTS OR AXLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention is designed principally for lubricating the axles of
railway carriages and trucks, but it is also equally applicable for
lubricating any other shafts which revolve in a horizontal position or
nearly so.

page_text: The lower part of the axle box or bearing is formed with an oil
receiver or vessel to contain the oil, and in this is placed a hollow
cylinder of india-rubber or other suitable material capable of floating
in the oil. The cylinder floating in the oil rolls in contact with the
under side of the revolving axle or shaft, and this lubricates it.
A certain portion of water is first placed in the receiver or vessel, and
the oil being poured on to it the cylinder will be kept always up to the
axle or shaft, and will lubricate it so long as there is any oil floating at
the top of the water. The water will also keep the oil soft and thin,
and thus prevent it from clogging and hence great saving of oil is
effected.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Somerset and Isaac Richardson Hayes in
the Great Scal Patent Office on the 18th September 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
SOMERSET and ISAAC RICHARDSON HAYES, both of Bradford, near Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said John Somerset and Isaac
Richardson Hayes, Her special license that we, the said John Somerset
and Isaac Richardson Hayes, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said John Somerset and Isaac Richardson
Hayes, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR LUBRICATING REVOLVING
SHAFTS OR AXLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said John Somerset and Isaac Richardson Hayes, our executors, or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one

page_text: of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Somerset and Isaac Richard-
son Hayes, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
Drawings:-
This Invention is designed principally for lubricating the axles of
railway carriages and trucks, but it is also equally applicable for
lubricating any other shafts which revolve in a horizontal position or
nearly so.
Such being the nature and object of our said Invention, we will now
proceed to describe in detail the manner in which the same is to be or
may be performed or carried into practical effect, and in order that the
same may be clearly understood we have annexed hereunto a Sheet of
Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with figures
and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof:-
In the annexed Drawing Fig. 1 represents a transverse section; and
Fig. 2, a longitudinal section of a railway axle box constructed according
to our Invention.
a, a, is part of the axle; b, b, the axle box; and c, c, the brass
bearing.
The lower part of the axle box or bearing is formed with an oil
receiver or vessel d, d, to contain the oil, and in this is placed a cylinder
e, e, of india-rubber, cork, or other suitable material, either hollow or
solid, and capable of floating in the oil. The cylinder floating in the
oil rolls in contact with the under side of the revolving axle or shaft a, a,
and thus lubricates it.
A certain portion of water is first placed in the receiver or vessel d, d,
and the oil being poured on to it, the cylinder e, e, will be kept always.
up to the axle or shaft a, a, and will lubricate it so long as there is any
oil floating at the top of the water. The water will also keep the oil

page_text: soft and thin, and thus prevent it from clogging, and hence a great
saving of oil is effected.
In order to keep the cylinder e, e, always in contact with the under
side of the axle a, a, whatever may be the quantity of oil in the
vessel d, d, we sometimes provide it with two axes or pins f,f, working
in vertical slides. These pins are supported upon the ends of two levers,
the other ends of which act as a counterbalance weight and keep the
cylinder e, e, always up against the axle a, a. The oil is poured into
the vessel d, d, through the opening h, h, (see Fig. 1) which may be
provided with a hinged lid to exclude the dust.
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be per-
formed or carried into practical effect, we wish it to be understood, that
we claim as our Invention, the apparatus herein-before described and
illustrated by the annexed Drawing for lubricating revolving shafts or
axles, or any mere imitation or modification thereof constructed and
operating in substantially the same manner.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Somerset and Isaac Richardson
Hayes, have hereunto set our hands and scals, this Sixteenth day
of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-five.