IMPROVEMENTS IN FERRULE TAPS, AND IN THE METHOD OF CONNECTING THE SAME TO STEAM, GAS, AND WATER PIPES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN EFFECTING THE CONNECTION
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Penney, of Stockport, in the County of Chester,
Water Works Inspector, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FERRULE
TAPS, AND IN THE METHOD OF CONNECTING THE SAME TO STEAM, GAS, AND
WATER PIPES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN EFFECTING THE CONNECTION."
Sealed the 5th July 1878, and dated the 8th January 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Penney at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th January 1878.
JAMES PENNEY, of Stockport, in the County of Chester, Water Works Inspector.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FERRULE TAPS, AND IN THE METHOD OF CONNECTING THE
SAME TO STEAM, GAS, AND WATER PIPES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN EFFECTING
THE CONNECTION."
My Invention relates principally to the connecting of branch or service pipes with
gas and water mains, during times when there is a pressure of gas or water within
such mains; but my Invention is also applicable with advantage to some cases where
steam connections have to be effected under pressure.
I employ a chamber to contain the tap, which I will herein-after term a cock, to
avoid confusion, and the drilling and tapping tool or tools, and I bring the tool or
tools and the cock into the required position by revolving the said chamber, which
is formed and fitted to revolve in a sufficiently gas, water, or steam-tight manner,
and is provided with glands through which the shafts or handles of the tools and
cock holder project.
The cock may be of an ordinary description, but I prefer to provide it with a
projection which enters a slot in the cock holder, whereby the cock is sustained, and
the said holder is enabled to turn the cock in the screwing operation, or the said
cock and holder may be otherwise formed to engage the one with the other. A
changeable saddle piece is formed to fit the pipe main or part which is to be tapped,
31

page_text: This is clamped to the main by means of chains, tightened by means of a screw or
of screws, or by other suitable means. To this saddle is bolted or secured a base
which is turned to receive the aforesaid chamber, caoutchouc washers or other packing
being employed to secure the joints between the main and the saddle, and between
the said saddle and the said base.
A tight joint between the base and the chamber is obtained by turning and
grinding the two to fit with sufficient tightness, the two parts being held together
by means of a ring and bolts or screws, or the joint may be arranged to be packed
as in the case of a stuffing box. The packed glands through which the cock
and tool holders pass are each out of the centre, and at an equal distance
therefrom.
If the drill and the tapping tool be formed as one tool only, two glands will be
required, and these may be in a line on opposite sides of the centre of rotation of
the said chamber, so that by turning the said chamber half around after the hole has
been drilled and tapped, the cock is brought over the hole, and may then be screwed
into it by turning the cock holder.
The drill and the tap may be formed as separate tools, each having a holder or
shaft passing through a separate gland, and as many tools as may be required may
thus be arranged.
The cock may be formed with a taper screwed end, and the tapping tool be
formed to a similar taper, so that a tight joint is effected; but this may be varied as
considered to be most suitable.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Penney in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th July 1878.
JAMES PENNEY, of Stockport, in the County of Chester, Water Works Inspector.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FERRULE TAPS, AND IN THE METHOD OF CONNECTING THE
SAME TO STEAM, GAS, AND WATER PIPES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN EFFECTING
THE CONNECTION."
My Invention relates principally to the connecting of branch pipes or service pipes
with gas and water mains during times when there is a pressure of gas or water
within such mains, but my Invention is also applicable with advantage in some
cases where steam connections have to be effected under pressure.
And in order that this my said Invention may be more readily understood and
carried into practical effect, I have hereunto annexed a Drawing illustrative of my
Invention, and will now proceed to describe the same, reference being had to the
figures and letters of reference marked thereon..
Fig. 1 is a side exterior view; Fig. 2, a front sectional view; and Fig. 3, a plan
of my improved apparatus shewing the same as applied to a gas or water main in
accordance with my Invention and drawn to a scale of about quarter size.
In all the views A represents the gas or water main or pipe to be drilled and
tapped, and to which a connection is then to be made; B is a chamber by preference
constructed of cast iron, and provided with a false bottom B¹ secured by means of
flanges as illustrated. An opening is formed through the false bottom B₁ to receive
the saddle piece C which rests upon the top of the main A as illustrated. The under
side of this saddle piece being curved or shaped to correspond with the external
surface of the main.
Figs. 4 and 5 represent respectively a top plan and side sectional view of the
saddle piece C, which is designed to form a gas and water-tight joint between the
chamber B and the main, and for which purpose the india-rubber or other washers
or packings C¹ are introduced.
The apparatus is secured in position upon the main A, either vertically as shewn
on the Drawing, or at any other required angle by means of the clamping screws D
and D¹ and chains E hooked to the lugs E¹ as illustrated.
The upper part of the chamber B is provided with a circular cover G, which is
capable of revolving in position, being fitted with a stuffing box joint as illustrated.
Glands or stuffing boxes I and J are also formed in this cover at equal distances
from the centre of rotation, and through these stuffing boxes the handles or shafts K
and L pass in a gas or water-tight manner. The bottom extremity of the shaft K
(herein-after called the tool holder) is arranged as a drill and tapered screwing tool
or tap, and the bottom of the shaft L (herein-after called the cock holder) is arranged
with a socket M to hold the stop-cock N.
The stop-cock N which I employ for screwing into and forming the connection
with the main may be of the ordinary description, but I prefer to provide it with
projections O (see Fig. 2a), which by entering corresponding slots 0¹ formed in the
socket M of the cock holder L (seen in plan, Fig. 2b), so enables such cock to be turned
by the cock holder whilst it is being screwed into the hole formed and tapped in the
main A to receive it. In order however to prevent the cock N from falling out of
the socket M, I apply a spring P inside such socket to press against the side of the
cock.
It will be obvious that the cock holder and the cock itself might be otherwise
formed than as described, the condition being that they shall engage with one
another.
To impart the requisite revolution and to actuate the tool holder K, I apply a
yoke through lugs R, and I provide such yoke with an adjustable bracket S, in
which is fitted a screw T, and thus by means of the ratchet brace U, I am enabled
to operate the tool holder K, and to drill and tap the requisite hole to receive the

page_text: screwed end of the stop-cock N. This being accomplished I first remove the yoke Q,
and having drawn up the tool holder K to its highest position in the chamber B,
I then by means of a rod introduced into the hole X (see Fig. 2) turn the circular
cove G half round, so as to bring the screwed end of the stop-cock N over the hole
so drilled and tapped, when I am enabled (by means of the aforesaid ratchet brace
or an ordinary screw key applied to the squared end V of the cock holder L) to
screw the cock N home into such hole, and thus to complete the connection without
any gas or water having escaped out of the chamber.
It will be readily apparent that instead of the stop-cock N, a valve or other
connection might be applied to a main pipe or other apparatus under pressure by
means of this Invention.
Instead of being together as one tool, as shewn on the Drawing, the drill and tap
may be formed as separate tools, each having a holder or shaft passing through a
separate gland or stuffing box in the circular cover G, and thus as many tools as
may be required may be arranged in such cover arround and equidistant from its
centre of rotation.
In conclusion I would remark that the chamber B is equally applicable for making
various sized connections, and this to various diameters or sizes of mains or other
gas, water, or steam apparatus under pressure. This is accomplished by having
sockets of various sizes, and by having a set of saddle pieces to fit the false bottom B¹,
and which are suitably curved on the under side to fit the various diameters of pipes
or mains.
The lining socket (seen separately in section and end view in Fig. 6) is designed
to fit the socket M, and thus to make such socket M suit a smaller size of stop-cock.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my said
Invention, together with the best methods with which I am acquainted for carrying
the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details, relative proportions, or dimensions of the various
parts of the apparatus herein-before described, and illustrated on the accompanying
Drawing, as the same may be considerably varied without departing from the
Invention, but what I claim is,
1st. The use and application of a chamber fitted with a rotary cover carrying
the tool holders and cocks or other connections when mounted and operating,
substantially as and for the purposes herein-before described.
2nd. The improved ferrule cock constructed to engage with the cock_holder for the
purposes described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Penney, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this 6th day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
JAMES PENNEY. (L.S.)