AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SHAPING FILE OR OTHER BLANKS BY MEANS OF DIES FITTED INTO VIBRATING JAWS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Turton, of Phoenix Works, Cross Smithfield,
Sheffield, in the County of York, Merchant and Manufacturer, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SHAPING FILE OR OTHER BLANKS
BY MEANS OF DIES FITTED INTO VIBRATING JAWS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Turton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
March 1865.
I, THOMAS TURTON, of Phoenix Works, Cross Smithfield, Sheffield, in the
County of York, Merchant and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SHAPING FILE OR OTHER
'BLANKS' BY MEANS OF DIES FITTED INTO VIBRATING JAWS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved machinery for shaping, squeezing, or
pressing file or other blanks by means of dies fitted into vibrating or reci-
procating jaws geared into each other; the machine consists of a foundation
plate supporting vertical housings or frame, in which bearings or journals are
set to carry an upper and lower segmental jaw keyed on rocking or vibrating
shafts. On the side of the jaws are cogged segments gearing into each other;

page_text: these cogged segments may be inside or outside the housing, but it is prefer-
able to have them inside or on a piece with the jaws. Motion is given to
the toothed segments by a pinion set on a shaft in the frame, and gearing
with the lower toothed segment. This pinion is not keyed to the shaft, but
is provided with a clutch corresponding to another sliding though keyed on to
the common shaft. The jaws are dovetailed on their periphery for the recep-
tion of dies to give the required form to the metal operated on. As it is
necessary that the jaws should resume their normal position immediately after
travelling the required portion of a revolution, the upper jaw is made with a
weight in front, so that when the pinion is released from the clutch, the weight
will bring back the jaws and their toothed gearing into position ready for a
fresh operation; or this may be effected by any ordinary reverse action.
The clutches are put in and out of gear by the ordinary arrangement of
treddle,
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said Thomas Turton in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th September 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
TURTON, of Phoenix Works, Cross Smithfield, Sheffield, in the County of York,
Merchant and Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Thomas Turton, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas Turton,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas
Turton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE
FOR SHAPING FILE OR OTHER BLANKS BY MEANS OF DIES FITTED INTO VIBRATING
JAWS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Turton,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be

page_text: performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Turton, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment:-
This Invention relates to improved machinery for shaping, squeezing, or
pressing file or other blanks by means of dies fitted into vibrating or recipro-
cating jaws geared into each other; the machine consists of a foundation plate
supporting vertical housings or frame, in which bearings or journals are set to
carry an upper and lower segmental jaw, keyed on rocking or vibrating shafts.
On the side of the jaws are cogged segments gearing into each other; these
cogged segments may be inside or outside the housing, but it is preferable to
have them inside, or on a piece with the jaws. Motion is given to the
toothed segments by a pinion set on a shaft in the frame, and gearing with
the lower toothed segment. This pinion is not keyed to the shaft, but is pro-
vided with a clutch corresponding to another sliding though keyed on to the
common shaft. The jaws are dovetailed on their periphery for the reception
of dies to give the required form to the metal operated on.
As it is necessary
that the jaws should resume their normal position immediately after travelling
the required portion of a revolution, the upper jaw is made with a weight in
front, so that when the pinion is released from the clutch, the weight will
bring back the jaws and their toothed gearing into position ready for a
fresh operation; or this may be effected by any ordinary reverse action. The
clutches are put in and out of gear by the ordinary arrangement of
treddle.
The above is one mode of operating the vibrating or oscillating jaws, but
I now proceed to describe the Invention more fully, with improved methods
of working the machine. I annex the accompanying Drawings, which will
illustrate the Invention.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section, Fig. 2 a back elevation, and Fig. 8 a diagram,
shewing the formation of the dies, and in all of which Figures the same letters
and indices refer to the same parts in each.
A is the foundation plate, to which is firmly secured the standards A¹, A²;
A8, A, are the usual fast and loose pullies; A5 is the driving shaft, upon which
is keyed the fly wheel A*; on other end of driving shaft is attached the uni-
versal joint A', A7, A", which actuates the mangle pinion A, gearing into the
mangle wheel A, which is secured to the shaft b', running in the bearings ;

page_text: upon the shaft b' is fixed the pinion 6 gearing into the lower sector c¹, which
takes into the sector c², rocking or vibrating in the bearings c³, c³, and
c', c. Thus the sectors c¹ and care cast or firmly attached to the jaws c³, co,
in which suitable seats are formed for receiving the pattern dies c', c³, whose
figures are obtained by making them of a differential radii equal to the
varying thickness of the articles sought to be produced, as shewn in
Fig. 3.
I shall now proceed to shew the action of my improved machine, and the
manner of forming file blanks by the same.
The steel is first cut into lengths and heated in a suitable furnace, motion
is then communicated to the machine, and when the jaws are in the position
shewn in Fig. 1 a piece is placed between them in the matrix or gate used
for forming the edge seen at c³, Figs. 2 and 3; the dies being made slightly
wider in the opening at front to facilitate this operation; motion being con-
tinued, the dies, from their excentric or differential radial form, are brought
into forcible contact with the unformed blank, and simultaneously impress
their form upon it and pass it out to the operator, as shewn by the dotted
lines in Fig. 1. The continued motion of the driving shaft through the
mangle pinion A³, mangle wheel A³, and sector pinion 63, and sectors c¹ and
c3, again bring the jaws into the first-named position Fig. 1, when the par-
tially formed blank is now placed in the gate co, Fig. 2; another vibration is
made, and the blank is returned to the operator finished, ready for the forma-
tion of the tang.
I do not, however, confine myself to the precise details and configuration of
parts described and shewn, as the same may be varied without departing from
the principles on which the Invention is based; for instance, the shaft b' may
have a continual circular movement, and pinion 63 engaging and disengaging
gear, when the action of a helical coiled spring attached to one or both
sectors, and compressed during the outward vibration, would in like manner
bring the jaws into the position shewn in Fig. 1, ready to receive the
unformed blank; the operation then proceeding as herein-before described.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is or may be carried into effect, I would remark in conclu-
sion that what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim
as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent is,
Firstly, the general construction and arrangement of self-acting machinery or
apparatus for shaping metals or forming file blanks substantially as herein
described.

page_text: Secondly, the application and adaptation of the various mechanical move-
ments whereby a pair of pattern or suitably formed surfaces are made
partially to rotate or vibrate on their axes first in one direction and then
in another, when actuated by a continued circular motion, substantially as
herein specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Turton, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventh day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
C. H. JOHNSON,
7, St. James Row,
Sheffield.
THOMAS TURTON. (L.S.)