IMPROVE- MENTS IN FRICTION JOINTS AND CONNECTIONS BETWEEN TOILET GLASSES OR OTHER SWING FRAMES AND THEIR PILLARS OR SUPPORTS
Year: 1884

page_text: I HENRY WEYBRIDGE FERRIS of 9 Dorset Road, Merton in the County of
Surrey Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of my invention for " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FRICTION JOINTS AND CONNECTIONS BETWEEN TOILET GLASSES OR OTHER
SWING FRAMES AND THEIR PILLARS OR SUPPORTS " to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to the friction joints and connections by which toilet
glasses and other swing frames are attached to their pillars or supports, and more
particularly to those frames which have wooden cylindrical pivots or journals.
The improvements relate to the means of checking the movement of the pivots
or journals in their sockets or bearings and of connecting the pivots or journals to
the swing frames.
In each pillar or support of the swing frame I form a cavity which communi-
cates with the socket for the pivot or journal and in this cavity which may be
above, below at the end or back or front of the socket, I place a block or piece of
wood or other hard material and behind this block I place an india rubber or
metal spring which keeps the said block in constant contact with the pivot or
journal and thereby checks the movement of the pivot and consequently of the
swing frame. The block is preferably shaped to fit the pivot and in cases in which
it bears against the end of the pivot, the parts which are in contact may be made
the one convex and the other concave; the pivot may with its spring be kept in
place by a screw or other plug. Instead of the block and spring I may use a
simple block of india rubber slightly compressed; or the block and spring may be
formed respectively of a piece of hard rubber or vulcanite and a piece of soft
vulcanized rubber united together in the process of vulcanization in the manner
well understood. In some cases instead of a block and spring I employ a ring of
india rubber rigidly fixed in an annular cavity forming a portion of the socket and
so as to embrace a portion of the journal. The journal and therefore the weight of
the swing frame are supported or borne upon so much of the lower portion of the
socket as is not lined by the rubber ring but the ring while not receiving any
vertical pressure checks the movement of the journal.
If the journal or pivot extends only partially through the pillar, I make a small
orifice in the outer side of the pillar concentric with the socket for the journal and

page_text: through this orifice I pass a screw or pin to revolve loosely therein and I fix the
inner end of this screw to the journal while to the outer end I fit a head, nut, or
knob. This screw or pin prevents the journal being drawn out of the socket but
does not receive any part of the vertical pressure of the journal and frame. If the
journal extends entirely through the pillar I form a flange or shoulder at its outer
end to retain it in position.
In order to connect the cylindrical pivots or journals to the swing frames, I cut
away a portion of that part of the pivot or journal which is outside the socket of
the pillar so as to form a tenon whose transverse section is a section of a circle and
this may be further cut away if desired to any convenient shape; this tenon will
thus be behind the centre or axial line of the pivot. I form a mortice in the edge
or back of the swing frame to receive the tenon and I may further secure it by
one or more nails or screws. By this means the pivots (one at each side of the
frame) are secured to the back or side of the frame and are yet placed sufficiently
far forward to have their axial line passing through the common centre of gravity
of the frame and its contained glass or other body.
1-I also effect the same purpose by forming the journal with a backwardly
extending flange or arm-either-in-a picce there with or attached thereto. To this
Hange or arm I fix the side of the swing frame which will therefore occupy such a
position relatively to the pivot that, as in the previous case, the axial linė passes
through the common centre of gravity of the frame and its contained glass.
Instead of the flange or arm I sometimes use a bracket or angle piece so that
I fix it to the swing frame at the back instead of at the side or at both back
and side.
.
Sometimes I attach the pivot or journal to the frame by a metal bar passed
through the centre of the wooden pivot which is rigidly fixed to it. The inner
end of this bar is fixed to the side of the frame while the outer-end extends
through an orifice concentric with the pivot to the outer side of the pillar where it
is fitted with a nut, knob or other like device. The portion of this bar which
passes through the orifice does not act as a bearing by taking any of the weight of
the frame or pivot.
The arrangement last described may be modified by making the metal bar to
rest on metal bearings on the side of the pillar, the bar being the pivot, and by
making the journal which is rigidly attached to it of such a size in relation to its
socket or cavity in the pillar that it does not touch the socket; but it is in contact
with a spring check or india rubber ring as herein before described.
When the metal bar or spindle is employed as above described I prefer to
connect to it or form in a piece with it a flange or angle piece so that by fixing
this flange or angle piece to the side or back of the swing frame the centre of
gravity of the frame and its contained glass may be kept in the axial line of the
pivots as already hereinbefore explained.
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1004

page_text: I HENRY WEYBRIDGE FERRIS, of 9 Dorset Road, Merton, in the County
of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FRICTION JOINTS AND CONNECTIONS BETWEEN TOILET
GLASSES OR OTHER SWING FRAMES AND THEIR PILLARS OR SUPPORTS "
and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
My invention has reference to the friction joints and connections by which toilet
glasses and other swing frames are attached to their pillars or supports, and more
particularly to those frames which have wooden cylindrical pivots or journals.
The improvements relate to the means of checking the movement of the pivots or
journals in their sockets or bearings and of connecting the pivots or journals to the
swing frames.
In each pillar or support of the swing frame I form a cavity which communicates
with the socket for the pivot or journal and in this cavity which may be above,
below, at the end or back or front of the socket I place a block or piece of wood or
other hard material and behind this block I place an india rubber or metal spring
which keeps the said block in constant contact with the pivot or journal and
thereby checks the movement of the pivot and consequently of the swing frame.
The block is preferably shaped to fit the pivot and in cases in which it bears
against the end of the pivot, the parts which are in contact may be made the one
convex and the other concave; the pivot may with its spring be kept in place by a
screw or other plug. Instead of the block and spring I may use a simple block
of india rubber slightly compressed; or the block and spring may be formed
respectively of a piece of hard rubber or vulcanite and a piece of soft vulcanized
rubber united together in the process of vulcanization as is well understood.
Figure 1 of the annexed drawings is a vertical section of part of a swing frame
and of one of its supporting pillars provided with the means above described of
checking the movement of the pivots or journals in their sockets or bearings.
a is the swing frame, b the pillar, c the socket or bearing and d the cylindrical
pivot or journal. e is the cavity above described in the pillar, this cavity being in
this figure shewn above the socket. f is a block or piece of wood or other hard
material in the cavity, g an india rubber or metal spring behind the block f and h
is a screw or other plug to keep these parts in place. Instead of the cavity
extending to the top of the pillar it may extend to or be formed from the side or
front or back of the pillar so that the block f and spring g may be inserted over
the socket through the side or front or back and in this case the plug h is of course
not required. Figures 2, 3 and 4 represent the cavity formed at the end of the
socket; in Figure 2 the end of the pivot d is flat, in Figure 3 it is convex and in
Figure 4 concave, the block f being in each case shaped to correspond. In some
cases instead of a block and spring I employ a ring of india rubber, as shown at f
Figure 5, rigidly fixed in an annular cavity c¹ forming a portion of the socket c and
so as to embrace a portion of the journal d. The journal and therefore the weight
of the swing frame are supported or borne upon so much of the lower portion of
the socket c as is not lined by the rubber ring ƒ but the ring while not receiving
any vertical pressure checks the movement of the journal. Figure 6 represents
the same arrangement but with the journal d made of larger diameter for part of
its length the india rubber ring f being fixed to the part of the socket which
surrounds the narrower portion of the journal. The part of the journal which is of
larger diameter may be either the outer end, as is shown in the Figure, or the
inner end.

page_text: "
If the journal or pivot extends only partially through the pillar I make a small
orifice in the outer side of the pillar concentric with the socket c for the journal
and through this orifice I pass a screw or pin i (Figures 1, 5 and 6) to revolve
loosely therein and I fix the inner end of this screw to the journal while to the
outer end I fit a head, nut or knob, k. This screw or pin prevents the journal
being drawn out of the socket but does not receive any part of the vertical
pressure of the journal and frame. In the modifications shewn in Figures 2, 3 and 4
a similar screw & may be employed passing loosely through the spring g and block f
into the journal d. If the journal extends entirely through the pillar, as is seen in
Figure 7, I form a flange or shoulder at its outer end to retain it in position.
In order to connect the cylindrical pivots or journals to the swing frames, I cut
away a portion of that part of the pivot, or journal which is outside the socket of
the pillar so as to form a tenon, as represented in Figure 8, which is a horizontal
section of a pillar and part of a swing frame. d is the journal and m the tenon.
The transverse section of the tenon is a section of a circle and it may be further.
cut away, if desired, to any convenient shape; this tenon will thus be behind the
centre or axial line of the pivot. I form a mortice n in the edge or back of the
swing frame to receive the tenon m and I may further secure it by one or more
nails or screws, o or by cement. By this means the pivots (one at each side of the
frame) are secured to the back or side of the frame and are yet placed sufficiently
far forward to have their axial line passing through the common centre of gravity
of the frame and its contained glass or other body.
I also effect the same purpose by forming the journal with a backwardly
extending flange or arm either in a piece therewith, as shewn in Figure 9, or
attached thereto, as shown in Figure 10, in each of which figures p is the flange or
arm. To this flange or arm I fix the side of the swing frame a which will
therefore occupy such a position relatively to the pivot that, as in the previous
case, the axial line passes through the common centre of gravity of the frame and
its contained glass. The flange or arm p may be made with or without the piece q
which forms it into a bracket or angle piece.
Sometimes I attach the pivot or journal d to the frame a, as shown in Figure 11,
that is to say: by a metal bar i passed through the centre of the wooden pivot d
which is rigidly fixed to it. The inner end of this bar is fixed to the side of the
frame a, in the manner shown or otherwise, while the outer end extends through
an orifice concentric with the pivot to the outer side of the pillar where it is fitted
with a nut, knob or other like device, k. The portion of this bar i which passes
through the orifice does not act as a bearing by taking any of the weight of the
frame or pivot.
The arrangement last described may be modified as represented in Figure 12 by
making the metal bar i to rest on metal bearings r on the side of the pillar, the bar
being the pivot, and by making the journal d, which is rigidly attached to it, of
such a size in relation to its socket or cavity c in the pillar, that it does not touch
the socket, but it is in contact with a spring check f, as shown, (or with an india
rubber ring, such as that shewn in Figures 5 and 6).
When the metal bar or spindle is employed passing through the centre of the
journal d and rigidly fixed thereto, as above described, I sometimes connect to it,
or form in a piece with it, a flange or angle piece, as seen at p. q Figure 13-so
that by fixing this flange or angle piece to the side or back of the swing frame the
centre of gravity of the frame and its contained glass may be kept in the axial line
of the pivots, as already herein before explained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. Constructing friction joints between swing frames and their pillars or
supports with a cylindrical wooden pivot or journal which turns or rests in a
socket of wood, or other hard material, a block of hard material pressed by a spring

page_text: acting substantially as herein before described as a check to the movement of the
pivot or journal as set forth.
2. The several arrangements of friction joints hereinbefore described with
reference respectively to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the annexed drawings.
3. The employment, for the purpose of retaining a cylindrical wooden pivot or
journal of a spring frame when said pivot or journal extends only partially through
the pillar, of a screw or pin passed through an orifice in the outer side of the pillar
and fixed to the centre of the end of the pivot, the said screw or pin turning
loosely in its orifice and having a head, nut or knob, all substantially as hereinbefore
described and represented in Figures 1, 5 and 6.
4. The employment, for the purpose of retaining a cylindrical wooden pivot or
journal of a swing fraine when said pivot or journal extends entirely through the
pillar, of a flange or shoulder at the outer end of the pivot or journal as herein before
described and represented in Figure 7.
5. The employment, for connecting pivots or journals to swing frames, of a tenon
formed on the pivot or journal the said tenon being behind the centre or axial line
of the pivot and entering a mortice in the edge or back of the frame, substantially
as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and represented in Figure 8.
6. The employinent for connecting pivots or journals to swing frames, of a
backwardly extending flange or arm or bracket on the pivot or journal to which
flange, arm or bracket the side of the frame is fixed, substantially as hereinbefore
described and represented in Figures 9 and 10.
7. The attaching of pivots or journals to swing frames by means of a metal bar
passed through the centre of the pivot or journal which is rigidly fixed to it, the
inner end of the bar being fixed to the side of the frame its outer end extending to
the outer side of the pillar where it is fitted with a knob or like device, and the
bar turning loosely in the pillar all substantially as hereinbefore described and
represented in Figure 11.
8. The attaching of journals to swing frames by means of a metal bar resting on
metal bearings on the side of the pillar the bar being the pivot, and the journal,
which is rigidly attached to it, being of such diameter as not to touch the cavity in
which it turns but being in contact with a spring check, all substantially as
herein before described and represented in Figure 12.
9. The arrangement represented in Figure 18 and hereinbofore described.
11- 201
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1001