IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Armistead, of Brierfield, near Burnley,
Thomas Tunstill, of Burnley, and Thomas Bannister, of Nelson,
near Burnley, aforesaid, all in the County of Lancaster, for the
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Armistead,
Thomas Tunstill, and Thomas Bannister at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 18th February
1871.
We, HENRY ARMISTEAD, of Brierfield, near Burnley, TпомAS
TUNSTILL, of Burnley, and THOMAS BANNISTER, of Nelson, near
Burnley, aforesaid, all in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," to be as follows:-
-
The first part of this Invention relates to the "letting-off motion" for
supplying the loom with weft from the warp beam in a regular uniform
manner and tension; and the improvements consist in the use and

page_text: application of a pulley fixed at one or both sides of the loom frame,
and so arranged as to be connected with the warp beam by a clutch or
suitably arranged claws. Over and around this pulley is passed a chain
or cord, one end of which is connected to the loom framing or other
convenient place, the other end being connected to a weighted lever.
The second part of this Invention also relates to the " letting-off
motion,"
," the object of which is to have a direct and self-acting motion
for regularly and gradually moving the weight on the lever as the warp
becomes used up or the beam becomes less in diameter, thus regulating
the tension of the warp in passing off the said beam.
The improvements consist in the employment of an upright or other
shaft connected by suitable gearing to the pulley, around which the
chain is passed and so arranged as to be connected by gearing to
the weighted lever and to a pulley at one end of the said lever. At the
other end of this lever is also fixed another pulley, over and around
both of which pulleys an endless chain or cord is passed, and is also
connected to the weight on the said lever, and as motion is given to
this upright shaft from the warp beam and communicated to the pullics
on the lever the chain or cord moves the weight on the said lever
as the warp is passing off the beam, consequently the warp is always
at an even and uniform tension. Or instead of these pullics and
chain or cord a screw may be employed and the weight connected or
attached thereto.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Armistead, Thomas Tunstill, and Thomas 25
Bannister in the Great Scal Patent Office on the 17th August
1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY
ARMISTEAD, of Brierfield, near Burnley, THOMAS TUNSTILL, of Burnley,
and THOMAS BANNISTER, of Nelson, near Burnley, aforesaid, all in the 30
County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, hearing date the Eighteenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the

page_text: .
thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Henry Armistead, Thomas Tunstill,
and Thomas Bannister, Her special licence that we, the said Henry
Armistead, Thomas Tunstill, and Thomas Bannister, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Henry
Armistead, Thomas Tunstill, and Thomas Bannister, our exccutors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Henry Armistead, Thomas Tunstill, and Thomas Bannister, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Henry Armistead, Thomas Tunstill,
and Thomas Bannister, do hereby declare the nature of our said In-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
and accompanying Sheet of Drawings (that is to say) :-
The first part of this Invention relates to the " letting-off" or
weighting motion for supplying the loom with warp from the beam
in a regular and uniform manner and tension; and the improvements
consist in the use and application of a pulley fixed at one or both
sides of the loom frame and so arranged as to be connected with the
warp beam by a clutch or suitably arranged claws. Over and around
this pulley is passed a chain or cord, one end of which is connected
to the loom framing or other convenient place, the other end being
connected to a weighted lever.
The second part of this Invention also relates to the "letting-off” or
weighting motion, the object of which is to have a direct and self-acting
motion for regularly and gradually moving the weight on the lever as
the
warp becomes used up or the beam becomes less in diameter, thus
regulating the tension of the warp in passing off the said beam.

page_text: The improvements consist in the employment of an upright or other
shaft connected by suitable gearing to the pulley, around which the
chain is passed and so arranged as to be connected by gearing to the
stud on weighted lever, and to a pulley at one end of the said lever. At
the other end of this lever is also fixed another pulley, over and around
both of which pullies an endless chain or cord is passed, and is also
connected to the weight on the said lever; and as motion is given to
this upright shaft from the warp beam and communicated to the pullies
on the lever the chain or cord moves the weight on the said lever as the
warp is passing off the beam, consequently the warp is always at an even
and uniform tension. Or instead of these pullies and chain or cord a
screw may be employed and the weight connected or attached thereto.
In order that this our said Invention may be more fully understood
we herein give reference to an accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
wherein Fig. 1 is a side elevation and Fig. 2 a front elevation of such
parts of a loom as are necessary to shew the application of our improve-
monts applied thereto.
A is the warp beam, and B the "ruffles" or friction pulley, which are
connected together and driven by means of jaws or pins C. D is the
weighted lever, which is hinged on a bracket or stud fixed to the loom
frame;
The cord His
and E is a weight hung or suspended on sanie.
connected at one end to the loom frame, and is passed over and around
the "rufllo or friction pulley B, and connected at the other end to the
link I on the lever D. On reference to the Drawing it will be seen that
the weight E is cast hollow, and plates e are placed therein or taken out
as occasion requires to regulate its weight.
"
The second part of this Invention is also shown on Figs. 1 and 2,
where J is the upright shaft receiving motion from the warp beam by
means of worm and wheel K, which also transmits motion by worm and
wheel M to the band pulley N. A cord P is passed over this pulley and
over another pulley Q on the end of the lever D, and is also attached to
the weight E, thereby moving it forward on the lever as the warp is let off
the beam, consequently keeping the said warp at a uniform and regular
tension as it becomes used up or the beam becomes less in diameter.
A modification of the this part of the improvement is shown in Figs. 3
and 4, where A is the warp beam; B, the friction pulley; D, the lever;
and E, the weight. An eccentric is formed on the end of the stud or
shaft of the friction pulley, on which a pawl or ratchet lever Ris hinged,

page_text: taking into the teeth of the ratchet wheel S, which at every revolution
or part of a revolution of the warp beam motion is given to the said
pawl or ratchet lever and wheel and to the screw T, which moves forward
the weight as the warp is let off the beam. It will therefore be seen that
the amount of weight or pressure on the lever is regulated as the size
of the beam varies, thus always maintaining the tension of the warp.
This apparatus or appliance may be fixed, if found desirable, to the front
or any other part of the loom instead of the back as shewn on the Drawing.
By means of these improvements we obtain a certain and much greater
regularity in letting off the warp than by the old means; we dispense
with the heavy weights and levers; the warps are preserved, and a
much better cloth is produced.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Armistead, for and on behalf
of myself and the said Thomas Tunstill and Thomas Bannister,
have hereunto set my hand and scal, this Ninth day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and
seventy-onc.