IMPROVEMENTS IN MANREACTORING CLOG SOLES AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Walter Brown, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of
Lancaster, Clog Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MANREACTORING CLOG SOLES AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Scaled the 15th September 1859, and dated the 30th March 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Walter Brown at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th March 1859.
I, WALTER BROWN, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, Clog
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN MANUFACTURING CLOG SOLES, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED
THEREIN," to be as follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in manufacturing clog soles by
machinery instead of by manual labour, as heretofore customary.
In performing my Invention I make use of cutters of various shapes, to
which either rotary or reciprocating motion is given by steam or other power;
these cutters act in succession on the blocks of wood out of which the clog
soles are made, to reduce them to the desired shape, the blocks of wood are
fixed to a traversing slide, by which they are presented to the cutters, or they
may be fixed to a stationary slide, and the traversing motion given to the
cutters. The groove in the clog sole into which the upper leather is secured,
is also made by a cutter.
I prefer to use double rotary cutters of the shapes required to form the sides,
bottoms, and upper surfaces of the clog soles, and as the upper surfaces of the

page_text: clog soles must be hollowed out to fit the foot, the cutter is supported in a
swing frame to give the requisite curve. The clamps are made with sharp
points or teeth to hold the blocks of wood, and one side is a fixture, while the
other side is moved to and fro' by a screw or excentric or other agent, or both
sides are moveable.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Walter Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th September 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WALTER
BROWN, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, Clog Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-socond year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Walter Brown, Her special licence that I, the said Walter Brown,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Walter
Brown, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exerciso
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MANUFACTURING CLOG SOLES, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN,"
".
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Walter Brown,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, tho said Walter Brown, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say). :-
The nature of my Invention consists in manufacturing clog soles by
machinery instead of by manual labour as heretofore customary.

page_text: In performing my Invention I make use of cutters of various shapes, to
which, either rotary or reciprocating motion is given by steam or other power;
these cutters act in succession on the blocks of wood out of which the clog
soles are made to reduce them to the desired shape; the blocks of wood are
fixed to a traversing slide, by which. they are presented to the cutters, or they
may be fixed to a stationary slide, and the traversing motion given to the
cutters. The groove round the edge of the clog sole, into which the upper
leather is secured is also made by cutters.
I make use of rotary cutters of the shapes required to form the sides,
bottoms, and upper surfaces of the clog soles, and as the upper surfaces of the
clog soles must be hollowed out to fit the foot, the cutter is supported in a
swing frame to give the requisite curve. The clamps to hold the blocks of
wood are made with sharp points or teeth, and one side of the clamps is a
fixture, while the other side is moved to and fro by a screw or excentric or
other agent, or both sides are moveable.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation; Fig. 2 an end view; Fig. 3 a plan of my im-
provements in machinery for manufacturing clog soles; and Fig. 4 is a detached
view of part of the same. a is the framing, and 6 the traversing slide or table,
which is moved to and fro' on flanges projecting from the side frames by the
screw c which takes into part of a nut fitting in the bracket & attached to the
table. The cutters d are attached by set screws to the spiral cutter block d',
shewn best in Fig. 2, which revolves in the swing frame e, supported by the
standards a'; this swing frame and the cutters are omitted in Fig. 8, as they
are clearly shewn in the other views. The requisite motion is communicated
to the various parts of this machine by a strap passing round the driving
pulley ffixed on the shaft g; to this shaft is fixed the groove pulley h, which
by a cord taking into the pulley i imparts motion to the shaft j; on this shaft
is the groove pulley k, which by a cord passing partly round the guide pulleys
and and over the pulley de fixed to cutter block d', imparts a rapid rotary
motion to the cutters. To the shaft 9 is fixed a worm g', gearing into tho
wheel fixed on the diagonal shaft , to the lower end of which is fixed-tho
bevel pinion m, gearing into the wheel m', fixed to the cross shaft m²;. to the
extremity of this shaft is fixed the crank n, the object of which is to impart an
intermittent motion to the table 6 during the operation of hollowing out the
upper surface of the clog soles; the lower end of the link n' is jointed to the
crank n, and the upper end is jointed to the levers n², which swivel on the

page_text: shaft o; to this shaft are fixed the ratchet wheel o', and the spur wheel o³, taking
into a rack fixed to the under side of the table b; the catches p are supported
between the levers n³, these catches take into the teeth of the ratchet wheel o¹,
and they are made of different lengths so as to act with greater accuracy when
moving the table b. To the shaft m³ is also fixed a mitre pinion m³ gearing
into a similar pinion on the upright shaft q, to the upper end of which is fixed
a bevel pinion q' gearing into the wheel, this wheel is fixed to the shaft >", to
which is keyed the the crank, which imparts a vibrating motion to the swing
frame e by the link jointed at one end to the crank, and at the other to
the lever e', fixed to the swing frame. The screw c is turned round by the
pulley and the cross strap f which gives motion to the pulley s fixed to the
same shaft as the mitre wheel s¹, gearing into a similar wheel fixed to the end
of the screw c. The blocks of wood out of which the clog soles are to be made
are held on the table 6 by the clamps t and t, both of which have a serrated
edge, the former is secured to the table by bolts passing thro' slots, and the
latter is acted upon by the excentric shaft supported in bearings fixed to the
table.
When the machine is ready to be started, the attendant slides the wheel
out of gear with the worm g', so as to throw out of gear all the parts put in
motion by the diagonal shaft ; the table 6 is then at the left-hand side of the
machine, and the blocks of wood to be operated upon are secured to the tablo
between the clamps t and t¹, the requisite cutters for shaping the lower part of
the clog sole having been screwed to the block d; the machine is started by
moving the driving strap from the loose pulley f³ to the driving pulley f, the
table 6 is then moved slowly in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 1, by the
screw c, and the cutters dare turned rapidly round in the direction of the arrow,
thereby cutting the clog soles to the proper shape; the object of making the
cutter block in a spiral form is to be able to obtain a diagonal cutting edge,
which is most desirable in cutting wood. When the table has traversed to the
other end of the machine, its motion is stopped by lifting the part of the nut in
the bracket b¹, out of the screw c, and this is effected by the wedge u, which is
pushed forward by the adjustable stud fixed to the rod u², coming against
the frame end a³, the blocks of wood must now be liberated by applying a
spanner to the square ends of the excentric shaft 3, and turning it partly
round; the blocks of woods are then placed on edge on the table b, and after
the proper cutters have been attached to the block d', both the edges.arc cut
in the manner above described. The next operation is .to.cut the upper
surface of the blocks to the proper shape and to hollow them out to fit the
foot for this purpose the partly shaped clog soles are again fixed. to the table,

page_text: the shaft is then thrown off the pulleys, and the wheel is put into gear
with the worm g', the crank n then gives motion to the table b, and brings the
first clog sole under the centre of the swing frame e, which is caused to vibrate
on its fulcrum by the crank, and in so doing the proper shaped cutters
(which have been previously attached to the block d') hollow out and shape
the clog sole to the form required; the radius of the hollow can be varied by
the screws and bevel wheels, shewn best in Fig. 2. As soon as one
clog sole has been operated upon, the table is moved by the wheel o
and rack fixed under the table the required distance to bring another clog
sole under the centre of the swing frame, which in vibrating back operates
in like manner on the sole under it. These operations are repeated until all
the clog soles on the table are finished. It is now necessary to round the
heels and cut the grooves into which the upper leathers are secured, and these
objects are accomplished by the cutters v, seen best in Figs. 3 and 4, these
cutters are fixed to blocks keyed on the upright shafts v', one of which has a
friction pulley, driven by the friction disk ³, this disk is fixed to the shaft w,
which is made to revolve by a strap passing over the pulley w¹ on the shaft j,
and the pulley w, on the shaft w, the clog soles are held between the set
screws a, see Fig. 2, passing through the swing frame a³, which vibrates on
the fulcrum . The cutters v revolve in opposite directions, the one being
driven from the other by the friction pulleys v² and v. When the clog sole
has been secured by the set screws a, the attendant presents one side of the
heel to the action of one of the cutters v, and then turns the clog sole about
one-fourth round to bevel one-half of the heel, and to cut a part of the groove
for the upper leather, he then, by moving the swing fram a¹, brings the other
side of the heel into position for being acted upon by the other cutter v; the
extent of the range of the swing frame a¹ is governed by the adjustable
guides, which can be brought closer together or moved further apart
according to the size of the heel to be cut. The clog soles are then completed
by finishing the groove in which the upper leather is to be secured, and this can
be done by one of the cutters v, which is furnished with a guide and a block,
against which the clog sole rests while the attendant presents it to the action
of the cutter. I wish to remark, that instead of changing the cutters for each
operation, as described, the various operations may be performed on separate
machines if preferred, and the machinery may be modified by giving the
traversing motion to the cutters, and fixing the blocks of wood to a stationary
table.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of nerforming the same L declare that. I claim —

page_text: First, manufacturing clog soles by machinery instead of by manual labour.
And, secondly, the improved combination of machinery shewn and described,
or any modification thereof for manufacturing clog soles.
In witness whereof, I, the said Walter Brown, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of September, in the year of 5
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
WALTER BROWN.. (L.B.)