AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION POR PREVENTING THE FOULING OF THE BOTTOMS OF SHIPS AND VESSELS, AND FOR THE PRESERVATION OF THE IRON OR WOOD OF WHICH THE SAME ARE CONSTRUCTED
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Dannatt, of the Borough of Sunderland, in
the County of Durham, Plumber, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
COMPOSITION POR PREVENTING THE FOULING OF THE BOTTOMS OF SHIPS AND
VESSELS, AND FOR THE PRESERVATION OF THE IRON OR WOOD OF WHICH THE
SAME ARE CONSTRUCTED."
Sealed the 25th April 1865, and dated the 26th October 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Dannatt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th October 1864.
I, JAMES DANNATT, of the Borough of Sunderland, in the County of
Durham, Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING THE FOULING OF THE BOTTOMS OF
SHIPS AND VESSELS, AND FOR THE PRESERVATION OF THE IRON OR WOOD OF WHICH
THE SAME ARE CONSTRUCTED," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the preparation and use of a chemical composition
to be applied to the bottoms of ships or vessels, whether constructed of wood
or iron, for the purpose of preventing the accumulation and adhesion thereon
of worms, barnacles, and other living organisms and foul matter, and for
preserving the wood and iron from decay.
The composition is formed of resin, tallow, and corrosive sublimate, the
proportions of the several ingredients preferred being approximately as

page_text: follows:-Resin, ten and a half parts; tallow, three and a half parts; and
corrosive sublimate, two parts. The composition thus formed is applied or
laid on to the bottoms of ships and vessels in the same way as paint, thus
forming a coating over the surface thereof.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Dannatt in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th April 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
DANNATT, of the Borough of Sunderland, in the County of Durham, Plumber,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said James Dannatt, Her special licence that I, the said
James Dannatt, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said James Dannatt, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, uso, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING THE FOULING OF THE
BOTTOMS OF SHIPS AND VESSELS, AND FOR THE PRESERVATION OF THE IRON OR WOOD
OF WHICH THE SAME ARE CONSTRUCTED," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said James Dannatt, my executors or administrators, by':
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
an
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Dannatt, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to the preparation and use of a certain chemical
composition to be applied to the exterior of the bottoms of ships or vessels,

page_text: whether constructed of wood or iron, for the purpose of preventing the
accumulation and adhesion thereon of worms, barnacles, and other living
organisms and foul matter, and for preserving the wood and iron from
decay.
The composition is formed of resin, tallow, and corrosive sublimate, the
proportions of the several ingredients which I prefer being approximately as
follows:-Resin, ten and a half parts; tallow, three and a half parts; and
corrosive sublimate, two parts, the same being intimately mixed together. It
must be borne in mind that the corrosive sublimate is the active agent in
effecting the objects of this Invention, the other ingredients being made use of
only as media for its application, and to give the composition the requisite
consistency and adhesive power, and that therefore the proportions of resin
and tallow may be varied according to the circumstances under which the
composition is to be employed. The composition formed as above described
is applied or laid on to the bottoms of ships and vessels in the same way as
paint, thus producing a coating on the surfaces thereof.
Having thus declared and ascertained the nature of my said Invention, and
also the manner in which it is to be performed, I would observe in conclusion,
that what I consider novel and original, and therefore claim as constituting
my said Invention is, the formation and use of the said composition, or any
mere modifications thereof, for effecting the purposes aforesaid, as herein-
before substantially set forth and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Dannatt, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
JAMES DANNATT. (L.S.)