Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of Road Vehicles.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 5th Dec., 1898-Accepted, 18th Feb., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of Road Vehicles.
We, WALTER SWAIN and LEONARD HARTLEY SWAIN, both of 177, Belmont
Road, Sharples, Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Land Agents, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows, that is to say:-
It relates to an improved method of manufacturing the cover of a pneumatic
tyre whereby greater durability is secured and a more desirable tyre produced.
To attain this object when canvas or woven fabric is employed the production
of the tyre we so weave or produce same that at the outer part of the tyre's
periphery or that part farthest from the wheel's centre we increase the number
of weft threads to correspond with the increased space afforded by their position,
thus the inner part of the tyre is no thicker or better supplied with weft
threads by reason of its lesser diameter than is the outer part, but to the contrary
This construction
we prefer to have more weft threads at such outer part.
brings the fabric into more of an annular tube shape prior to its mounting on
the wheel's rim than those as heretofore produced can possibly have, consequently
greater durability, less risk of misfit, and more desirable results as to mounting
are effected.
In place of fabric or canvas we may have a papier maché foundation formed by
pressure in moulds or otherwise to make same assume the desired and proper
shape for the annular tube tyre. Or instead of weaving, the warp and weft threads
may be caused to adhere together by an adhesive substance and in such pro-
portions, positions or sizes as to effect the desired result in the production of the
tyre shaped ready to be placed on the rim.
Covers constructed as above may be used either in connection with inner tubes
or without them as may be thought desirable.
As an alternative method of constructing the canvas cover to those above
described we may form such covers of two pieces of canvas of the proper width
to produce them of the desired diameter.
These pieces of canvas are formed with woven edges of an appropriate width
but the intervening parts between such edges are formed of the weft or warp
unwoven or intertwined. On producing each piece of canvas in this manner and
placing one piece over the other, taking care to draw one selvedge of each piece
a little forward from the other the crossing threads will over-lay each other
at an acute angle thus while the edges of the canvas will not stretch, their
central parts are so produced as to yield as desired.
רד
1
Ja of March
1898

page_text: Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of Road Vehicles.
We, WALTER SWAIN and LEONARD HARTLEY SWAIN, both of 177, Belmont
Road, Sharples, Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Land Agents, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say:
It relates to an improved method of manufacturing the cover of a pneumatic
tyre whereby greater durability is secured and a more desirable tyre is produced.
In carrying our invention into effect we follow the method of production
illustrated by the accompanying sheet of drawings wherein :-
Fig. 1 is a sectional end elevation drawn to an enlarged scale of the canvas
part of a tyre produced in accordance with our invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a part hereinafter described the same being drawn
to a greatly reduced scale.
We place the cross threads (after cutting them to their proper lengths)
cross-wise or over the upper surface of a shaping-piece or core such as is partly
shewn in Fig. 2 as it is laid on its side on a table, cover said threads with rubber
solution or other adhesive substance and then place over them the longitudinal
threads d, which may be done by unwinding them from a bobbin or ball pressing
the successive threads as they are unwound upon the adhesive substance over the
cross threads, to which they are thus made to adhere until the peripheral edge
of the core is reached.
The core being then turned over, the cross threads are made to adhere to its
other side where they receive the coating of adhesive substance, and over this the
longitudinal threads are laid and pressed, after which the ends of the cross threads
may he turned back over bordering longitudinal threads to secure these in
position. Before the adhesive substance has time to firmly fix the threads to the
core, the fabric will have become sufficiently firm to allow of its being detached
without producing any deformation of it, and for the purpose of facilitating
this the core is made in separable segments. Thus the core being of the form of
the tyre the longitudinal threads as they approach the edges e occupy circles
of less diameter than those at the periphery a, consequently when the fabric thus
produced is covered by the outer covering of indiarubber in the well known
manner and placed upon a rim at f, on the inflation of the tyre the circum-
ferential strains are withstood by the several threads d and the lateral strains
are withstood by the cross threads b. And since those of the threads d which
have such a length as to bring them within the rim f cannot be withdrawn or
forced from said rim by either the radial or lateral pressures it follows that
according to the varied lengths of the others of such threads from the point c to
that at as are held laterally by the cross threads b, so will be the shape of the
cover or tyre.
To enable the circumferential threads to maintain the positions in which they
are wound upon the cross threads we cover said threads with rubber solution
or other adhesive substance prior to or at the time they are being wound thereon.
It will be seen that we may place the cross threads over or on the outside of
the threads instead of winding these latter upon them, but we preferably
follow the method first before described.
In producing the fabric before described, we may employ an annular shaping
piece g, a sectional piece of which is shewn by Fig. 2, in which case the threads d
may be coiled or wound continuously around it to produce an entire and endless
piece of canvas, or we may make each separate thread d of the desired length and

page_text: then fold or wrap their respective ends over each other to form the canvas endless,
fixing or securing the ends thus folded by means of rubber solution or other
adhesive substance.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
A pneumatic tyre cover consisting of threads laid transversely and longi-
tudinally on a tyre shaped core and cemented together, substantially as described.
Dated the 3rd day of December 1898.
WALTER SWAIN,
LEO. H. SWAIN.
Per Samuel Hey, Agent.