GIVING INDIVIDUAL CALLS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, JOHNSTON STEPHEN, Journalist, residing at Seventeen Ann Street, Edinburgh,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for GIVING INDIVIDUAL CALLS
to be as follows:-
17
The object of the invention is to give a call to one of a number of subscribers
or parties on the wire so that only the person wanted shall receive the call. Each
individual subscriber of the group or party placed on one wire has in his house,
shop or office, or other place connected, a pendulum of a length and therefore period
proper to himself. This pendulum is hung in such a manner as to oscillate very
freely; the rod is prolonged upwards above the point of suspension and carries a
curved magnet whose curve is an arc of that circle of which the pendulum rod
from its point of suspension to its top is a radius. A pair of solenoids wound
similarly and connected are arranged in such a fashion that the magnet can pass
from one into the other solenoid. All the solenoids in the circuit are connected
and are in electrical circuit. At the central Station is a metronome whose axle
carries a commutator, and is arranged in such a way that, for each extreme of the
oscillation of the metronome rod a positive or negative current is sent along the
wire and consequently round all the solenoids. For each positive current so sent
all the magnets are sucked into one of the pair of solenoids on each side and
expelled from the other. For a negative current the reverse effect will be
produced. This is in accordance with the well known law of Ampère. Now if
the metronome be so set as to beat in period unisonant with any one of the
pendulum's period, it will happen that that pendulum only will take up periodic
oscillation. This is in accordance with well known, laws of harmonic motion.-It
will thus be seen that by setting the metronome at the calling Station to beat in
unison with the pendulum period of any one of the subscribers' pendulums, that
pendulum only will respond and take up swaying. When the pendulum shall have
attained sufficient amplitude it will strike a latch or other arrangement which by
falling will close a circuit, ring a bell, or in other wise call attention. And the
pendulum may be so contrived as to switch into circuit the Telephone and Trans-
mitter in any of the well known ways.—I do not bind myself to use a pendulum,
but may use a spring instead.
Date: NT: L LL
1
1
1

page_text: I, JOHNSTON STEPHEN, Journalist, residing at Seventeen Ann Street, Edinburgh
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for A METHOD OF GIVING AN
INDIVIDUAL CALL TO ANY ONE OF A GROUP OF SUBSCRIBERS CONNECTED TO A
TELEPHONE EXCHANGE BY ONE WIRE AND IN THE MEANS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my present invention is to give a call to one of a number of
subscribers or parties on the wire, so that only the person wanted shall receive the
call. Each individual subscriber of the group or party placed on one wire, has in
his house, shop or office, or other premises, connected in the series, a pendulum of
a length, and therefore period of oscillation, proper to himself.
This pendulum is hung in such a manner as to be capable of oscillating very
freely. The pendulum rod is prolonged upwards above the point of suspension,
and carries at its upper end, a curved magnet, whose curve is an arc of that circle
of which, the pendulum rod, from its point of suspension to the curved magnet, is
a radius.
A pair of solenoids, wound similarly and connected, are arranged in such a
fashion that the curved magnet can pass from out of one into the other solenoid.―
These solenoids in the circuit are connected and are in electrical circuit.
At the central or calling Station, is a metronome whose axle carries a commutator
and is arranged in such a way that, for each extreme of the oscillation of the
metronome rod, a positive or negative current is sent along the wire, and
consequently round all the solenoids in the circuit.
For each positive current so sent, all the magnets are sucked into one of its
pair of solenoids and expelled from the other.-For a negative current so sent, the
reverse effect is produced.-This is in accordance with the well-known Law of
Ampère.
Now, if the metronome, at the central or calling station, be so set as to beat in
period unisonant with any one of the pendulum's periods, it will happen that only
that particular pendulum will take up periodic oscillation.-This is in accordance
with well known Laws of Harmonic Motion.
It will be thus seen, that by setting the metronome, at the central or calling
station, to beat in unison with the pendulum period of any one of the subscriber's
pendulums, that pendulum only will respond and take up swaying.
When the pendulum shall have attained sufficient amplitude, it will strike a
latch or other arrangement which, by falling will close a circuit, ring a bell or
otherwise call attention.
The pendulum may be so constructed as to switch into circuit, the Telephone
and Transmitter in any of the well-known ways.
The object of my present Invention is to give a call to any one of a number
of subscribers in the circuit, so I do not bind myself to use pendulums of any
particular kind or pattern, as I may employ springs or other means for obtaining
simple Harmonic Motion, and I do not bind myself to use magnets passing into
solenoids, as I may use any solenoids passing over magnets; or I may use any
arrangement whereby a dynamic effect may be produced from the relations of a
closed coil in a magnetic field.
In order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will describe the drawings hereunto annexed.

page_text: Figures 1, and 2, are respectively front and side elevations of one form of
pendulum apparatus constructed according to my present invention.
Figure 3, is a front elevation of a metronome constructed according to my
present Invention.
Figure 4, is a part side elevation and part transverse section of the same.
Figures 5, 6, and 7, are respectively a side, an end elevation, and a plan of a
latch or switch used in combination with the pendulum apparatus represented at
Figures 1, and 2.
Figures 8, and 9, are respectively a front elevation and a horizontal section of
another form of pendulum apparatus provided with a latch or switch and
constructed according to my present Invention.
Figure 10, is a diagrammatic view shewing an installation formed and connected
together according to my present Invention.
At the house, office, shop or other premises of each subscriber of the group
placed on one wire, I provide a pendulum of oscillation proper to himself. This
pendulum as shewn at a, Figures 1, and 2, is hung in such a manner as to be
capable of oscillating very freely.-The pendulum rod b, is prolonged upwards
above the point c, of suspension and carries at its upper end the curved magnet d,
whose curve is an arc of the circle of which, the pendulum rod b, from its point c,
of suspension to the curved magnet d, is a radius.
A pair of solenoids e, wound similarly and electrically connected through the
wire f, are arranged in such a fashion, that the curved magnet d, can pass from
out of one into the other solenoid e.-These solenoids are supported in the
brackets g, secured to the base board h, and their terminals are electrically
connected through the wires i, to the binding screws j.
At the central or calling Station there is provided a metronome such as is
represented at Figures 3, and 4.-The axle k, of this metronome carries a
commutator whose two metallic portions l, are so arranged relatively to the
bearing springs m, which constitute the two terminals of a battery or other source
of electricity, that, when in a normal position, the insulating material n, of the
commutator is in contact with the said springs m.-The bearing springs o, constitute
the terminals of the line in which the metronome is placed in circuit, and bear
continuously upon the metallic portions 7, of the commutator, these portions being
so arranged that their circumferential points of insulation at one part of their
length lie horizontally across the axis k, while at the opposite part they lie vertically
across the said axis.-The springs m, and o, are in metallic connection with the
binding screws marked respectively p, and q.-When the springs m, are connected
through the binding screws p, with a battery or other source of electricity and the
springs o, are placed in the circuit, no current passes into the commutator, when in
its normal position, but upon the commutator being rotated in one direction, a
positive current of electricity is sent along the wire, while on being rotated in the
opposite direction a negative current of electricity is sent along the wire.-These
currents of electricity are passed round all the solenoids e, which are placed in the
circuit. For each positive current so sent, all the curved magnets d, are drawn
into one of its pair of solenoids e, and expelled from the other, for a negative
current so sent the reverse effect is produced.-This is in accordance with the
well-known laws of Ampère.
In the vicinity of the pendulum a, I provide a latch or switch device, which, by
being struck by the said pendulum after it has attained sufficient amplitude, closes
a circuit. Such a device I have represented at Figures 5, 6, and 7. In this switch
device there is provided the lever r, pivoted at 8, in the standards t, which are
secured to the base or stand u.--At one end of the lever r, the curved plate v, is
secured, while at the opposite end the catch or hook w, is secured.-The plate x, is
hinged at y, to the base u, a metallic connection being formed between the hinge y,
and the binding screw z.-The binding screw a¹, is metallically connected to the
contact piece b, and the binding screw c¹, is in metallic connection with the
4

page_text: spring d. This spring &, is supported in a bracket as shewn, or by its equi-
valent, and when the hinged plate x, is in the position represented on the
accompanying drawing, that is to say, in its normal position, the said spring d¹,
bears upon and makes electrical contact with the said plate x, so that currents of
electricity may pass direct in through the binding screw 2, and out through the
binding screw c', or vice versa.-The plate x, is supported in its normal position by
the catch or hook w, which on being raised by the depression of the opposite end
of the lever r, allows the said plate x, to fall on to the contact piece b¹, and so
break the circuit between the binding screws z, and c¹, and complete the circuit
between the binding screws z, and a¹.
In place of forming the pendulum with the magnet d, to pass into the solenoids e,
I may arrange the solenoids to pass over the magnets.-At Figures 8, and 9, I have
shewn such a construction of pendulum in combination with a latch or switch
device essentially the same as that hereinbefore described with reference to
Figures 5, 6, and 7, of the annexed drawings-In Figure 8, I have represented
diagrammatically the manner in which the solenoids e, are electrically connected in
the circuit, it being understood that in practice the terminals of the two solenoids e,
are arranged at or near the point c, of suspension and insulated from each other at
such point. It will be seen with reference to this Figure that the currents entering
at the binding screw 2, pass through the hinged plate x, and spring d¹, and are
conducted through the wire el, to and through the solenoids e, passing out there-
from through the binding screw j, until such time as the pendulum a, has attained
sufficient amplitude as herein before set forth, when it strikes against the plate v,
(Figures 5, 6, and 7,) or the roller f¹, and thereby breaks the circuit between the
binding screws z, and j, and completes the circuit through the contact piece b¹,
between the binding screws z, and a'.
The method of joining the herein before described apparatus in series is
represented in diagram at Figure 10, where at A., B., C.; D., and E, are shewn the
telephonic stations of five subscribers connected with the central or calling
station F. It is seen in this diagram that the metronome at the central or calling
station F, is connected with the battery G, and that the telephone at this station
may be connected with the line H, by a flexible or other switching device.-This
line is connected with the series of pendulum's solenoids e, and conducts the
currents of electricity through the same, by the binding screws z, and 1, (see
Figure 8.). The line H, after the last solenoids of the series is led to earth, the
return I, connected to the metronome being similarly led to earth. The telephone
posts at the several subscribers' stations, are connected to the binding screws a¹,
shewn more particularly at Figure 8.
The telephones at these stations are so arranged that upon electrical connection
being made with any one of them, the bell attached thereto rings, and continues to
ring until the receiver is lifted from off its hook, when the circuit through the bell
is broken and the telephonic connection made in any of well-known ways between
the receivers and transmitters of the station so called and of the central or calling
station. Each of the telephone posts is connected to earth, and on the fall of the
hinged plate x, (Figure 8.) the connection onwards through the line H, is broken,
and a new connection is formed with the telephone post. The circuit is then
complete through the line H, and through the telephone post to earth.
It is to be understood that in the carrying out of my prosent invention, I do not
bind myself to the precise construction of apparatus and mode of connecting the
same in series hereinbefore set forth, for the same may be varied in many ways
without departing from the essential features of my Invention, for example, the
simple Harmonic Motion obtained from the pendulums a, as herein before described,
may be also obtained from springs or other equivalent means; neither do I bind
myself to the use of magnets d, passing into solenoids e, or vice versa, for a like
dynamic effect may be produced in many ways from the relations of a closed coil
in a magnetic field.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. A receiving instrument wherein a vibratile body is suspended so as to be*
capable of simple harmonic motion of any definite period, and so constructed as to
have impulses directed through it, in such manner as to act upon the vibratile body
with forces alternating in direction substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
Second. A receiving instrument wherein permanent magnets are caused to pass
into and out from solenoids forming a pair through which currents of electricity of
alternating senses are passed substantially as herein before described with reference
to Figures 1, and 2, of the annexed drawings.
Third. A receiving instrument wherein are employed coils so related to a
magnetic field as to have forces induced in them on the passage of electrical
currents therethrough, such forces tending to deflect them to either side of the line
passing through their centres of gravity, substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to Figures 8, and 9, of the annexed drawings.
Fourth. An instrument for continuously transmitting currents of electricity in
alternating senses with any desired period of transmission substantially as
hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 3, and 4, of the annexed drawings.
Fifth. A combination of mechanism whereby the closing of a circuit is effected
by the means hereinbefore set forth with reference to Figures 5, to 9, (inclusive) of
the annexed drawings.
Sixth. The arrangement of the circuits substantially as and for the purposes
herein before set forth with reference to Figure 10, of the annexed drawings.
J. H. JOHNSON, DAY & JOHNSON,
Applicant's Agents.