Improved Apparatus for Olling the Axles of Carriages, Tram Cars, and Road Vehicles
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 14th June, 1893-Accepted, 12th Aug., 1893….
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Improved Apparatus for Olling the Axles of Carriages, Tram
Cars, and Road Vehicles..
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I COSMO CHARLES HOOLEY of Irwell Cottage Eccles in the County of Lancaster:
Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
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This invention is an improvement in the lubricating apparatus of such vehicles
having non-rotating axles as are lubricated by means of a cap inserted into the
nave of the wheel.
Hitherto the mode of lubrication has been to unscrew the cap. (an operation,
requiring some considerable time and the use of a key specially made for the.
particular cap differing as they often do even in the same vehicle and thus requiring:
the key to be carried with the vehicle) the oil is, then poured into the cap and
the cap is replaced, often spilling part of the oil, and screwed up again.
Now according to my invention I construct the cap with a round hole through.
the centre of its face or external surface such hole having a larger diameter
inside the cap than outside so as to form a short hollow truncated cone."- Into
this hole I fit a conical press button plug of similar inclination to that of the
hole into which it is to fit with a flange or wings inside the cap and this press
button plug is kept in its place so as entirely to close the said hole (except
when required for oiling) by a helical spring, inside the cap bearing upon the
said flange or wings. I prefer to make the external surface of the 'said press
button or plug flat so that it may be pressed in by the thumb. The conical
form of the said press button or plug and of the hole into which it fits renders
it unnecessary to use any washers or other means for preventing the egress of
the oil.
The drawings hereunto annexed show the general form and arrangement of the
parts of my improved apparatus. The same letters refer to similar parts throughout
the several drawings.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of my improved apparatus.
Figure 2 is a transverse section through the line A. B. showing in plan the internal
face of the press button or plug C. with its wings D (which however may be made
continuous so as to form a flange).
Figure 3 is a front elevation of my improved apparatus.
In the said drawings C. is the conical press button or plug fitting into the conical
hole E. through the face of the cap. D'are the wings (which may be continuous
so as to form a flange). F is the helical spring. G is the body of the cap and H is
the axle.
When it is desired to oil the axle instead of unscrewing the cap as is now usually
done it will only be necessary according to my invention to press in with the thumb
or finger the press button or plug C. to insert the oil through the hole E. and then
to release the press button or plug which will be forced back into its place by the
helical spring F.
I am aware that in some vehicles a hole has been bored through the face of the
cap and closed with a screw which is removed for the purpose of inserting the oil
but owing to the vibration of the vehicle it is impossible to keep such a screw in
its place so as to prevent the escape of the oil. I am also aware that it has been
proposed to effect the object of the present invention by forming a hole in the face
of the cap and closing the same with a plug depending upon washers of
leather india-rubber or other material for rendering the same sufficiently tight to

page_text: cylinder with perforations for the exudation of the oil. But the washers which are
essentially undesirable are rendered entirely unnecessary by my invention and the
cylinder with its perforations would not only interfere with the proper rotation of
the axle and be subject to damage by it but the apertures in it would get so
clogged that the oil could not exude.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In lubricating apparatus for the axles of vehicles having non-rotating axles
the combination of a cap having a conicle hole through the face with a conical press
button or plug of similar inclination fitted into it and kept in or returned to its place
by a helical spring substantially as and for the purpose described.
2. In lubricators for the axles of vehicles the combination with the cap G having
a conical hole E of the conical press button or plug C. with wings or a flange D.
and a spring F. substantially as described.
3. In lubricating apparatus for the axles of vehicles having a press button or
plug the conical form of such press button or plug and of the hole into which it is
to fit so as to dispense with washers.
4. The form of apparatus for oiling the axles of vehicles substantially as
hereinbefore described.
Dated this 13th day of June One thousand eight hundred and ninety-three.