A NEW OR IMPROVED BISMUTH BRONZE OR METALLIC ALLOY OR ALLOYS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Webster, of Edgbaston, in the County of Warwick,
Engineer, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED BISMUTH BRONZE OR
METALLIC ALLOY OR ALLOYS.”
Sealed the 8th September 1877, and dated the 23rd March 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Webster at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd March 1877.
JAMES WEBSTER, of Edgbaston, in the County of Warwick, Engineer. "A NEW
OR IMPROVED BISMUTH BRONZE OR METALLIC ALLOY OR ALLOYS."
The object of this Invention is to produce a metallic alloy or alloys suitable with
or without the addition and admixture of other metals or alloys, for the casting of
cannon and other large articles, ingots, slabs, and the like, for rolling and general
purposes; also for the production of superior alloys for the manufacture of articles
usually made of metal or alloys of metals.

page_text: bronze powder, and be used for similar purposes to those where ordinary bronze
powder has hitherto been applied.
For the formation of a softer bismuth bronze or metallic alloy I take,—
1 part by weight of bismuth
5 parts by weight of lead
12 parts by weight of zinc
30 parts by weight of nickel
52 parts by weight of copper.
•
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Webster in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th September
1877.
JAMES WEBSTER, of Edgbaston, in the County of Warwick, Engineer.
OR IMPROVED BISMUTH BRONZE OR METALLIC ALLOY OR ALLOYS."
" A NEW
The object of this Invention is to produce a metallic alloy or alloys suitable, with
or without the addition and admixture of other metals or alloys as required, for the
casting of cannon and other large articles, also ingots, slabs, and the like for rolling
and for general purposes, and for the production of superoir alloys for the inanufacture
of articles usually made of metals or alloys of metals.
This object is attained as follows:-
For making a hard bismuth bronze or alloy I take, —
I melt the said metals in a suitable pot or crucible, and at the same time
thoroughly amalgamate them, and then run the amalgam, alloy, or bismuth bronze
thus produced into moulds of any convenient shape or forin for future use, as
desired. This bismuth bronze is a hard metallic alloy, and may be made into
reflectors for mirrors, lamps, and the like, and into other articles requiring a high
degree of hardness or polish; also for axle and shaft bearings, valves, and for other
similar articles or purposes. It may also be ground into bronze powder, and be
used for similar purposes to those in which' ordinary bronze powder has hitherto
been applied.
For the production of a softer bismuth bronze or metallic alloy I take,-

page_text: These metals are treated, as previously described, for making the hard bismuth
bronze.
This admixture forms a very tough metallic alloy, and is cast into ingots at once,
to be afterwards remelted and cast or rolled or otherwise dealt with as required.
These alloys will be found to resist oxidation, and keep their color better than any
other similar alloy hitherto made, and can be produced at less cost.
Having thus fully described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention, and
the method of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not
restrict myself to the precise quantity of each of the metals for composing my
improved bronzes or alloys, as they admit of variation according to the nature of
the alloy required; as, for instance, for making large castings for ships' fittings or
engine work exposed to the action of sea water or to the fumes of acids, I add for
the said soft bronze from a half-part to one part more of bismuth, taking the same
quantity from the zinc, but I claim as my Invention and desire to secure by the
aforesaid in part récited Letters Patent,―
Firstly. The using or mixing of the metal bismuth, or its chemical compounds, in
the manufacture of bronze or metallic alloy or alloys.
Secondly. The compositions for making hard and soft bismuth bronzes or metallic
alloys, each and all substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Webster, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fifteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
JAMES WEBSTER. (L.S.)