AN IMPROVED PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING ICE AND FOR OTHER RE- FRIGERATING OR COOLING PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Crespin, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris, in
the Republic of France, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING ICE AND FOR OTHER RE-
FRIGERATING OR COOLING PURPOSES." A communication by Monsieur
Camille Vincent, of No. 28, Boulevard St. Germain, Paris.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Crespin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th February 1879.
ARTHUR CRESPIN, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Civil Engineer. "AN IMPROVED PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING
ICE AND FOR OTHER REFRIGERATING OR COOLING PURPOSES." [A communication
by Monsieur Camille Vincent, of No. 28, Boulevard St. Germain, Paris.]
This Invention consists in the employment of chloride of methyl for the produc-
tion of cold in the apparatus hereinafter described for ice making and other
refrigerating or cooling purposes.
The chloride of methyl is placed in a tubular receiver, through the tubes of which
flows the current of liquid to be cooled. A pump draws off the steam so as to
maintain in the receiver containing the chloride of methyl a pressure approaching
that of the atmosphere. The liquid boils at twenty five degrees centigrade, and
cools the liquid in the tubes. The pump is a two cylinder pump; the piston of
the first cylinder forces the gas into the second cylinder of three or four times less.
capacity, and which in its turn forces it into a tubular receiver, through which
passes a current of fresh water. The chloride of methyl liquefies, accumulates, and
returns to its starting point. The liquid to be cooled should be uncongealable,
such as alcohol, glycerine, or chloride of calcium. Moulds may be employed con-
taining water which would be converted into ice. The cold produced may be
employed for any refrigerating or cooling purposes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION_in_pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Arthur Crespin in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th July
1879.
#
ARTHUR CRESPIN, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris, in the Republic of Franco,
Civil Engineer. AN IMPROVED PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING
ICE AND FOR OTHER REFRIGERATING OR-COOLING PURPOSES." A communication by
Monsieur Camille Vincent, of No. 28, Boulevard St. Germain, Paris.
The object of this Invention is the use of chlorure of methyle as a means of
refrigeration and of the production of artificial ice.
The chlorure of methyle is in a gaseous state at the ordinary temperature of the
atmosphere, but at a temperature of 15° centigrade under a pressure of 60 lbs. it
liquifies. It is then a very fluid neutral liquid, boiling at 20° centigrade below
zero at the pressure of 76 centimetres of mercury, ordinary pressure of the
atmosphere.
In the vacuum it evaporates and produces a great fall in temperature.
This product, which used to be obtained from the etherification of methylic
alcohol, has lately been cheaply produced in large quantities by the decomposition,
by heat of the chlorydrate of trymethylamine.
The use of chlorure of methyle for refrigerating purposes is very easy, it allows
great simplicity in the frigorific machines, on account of its boiling point being
very low and of its weak tensions at comparatively high temperatures. It is used
in the same way as the other volatile liquids such as ether, sulphurous acid, &c., &c.,
but the chlorure of methyle being better adapted to refrigerating purposes on
account of its physical properties the frigorific apparatus can be reduced in size
more than with the other products, and give a larger yield.
The apparatus is composed of,-
1°. A pump to produce a vacuum above the chlorure of methyle so as to quicken
the evaporation of methyle, and afterwards to compress the vapours so as to liquify
them again. The pump which is usually preferred has two cylinders, one after the
other, and progressively compressing the vapours. The cylinders are plunged in a
tank, and are kept cold by a constant stream of cold water. The difference of the
pressure of the vapours on the two faces of each one of the two pistons being
therefore considerably lessened, it results in a larger production in the power of the
pump and a greater regularity in the force used.
2º. A refrigerator to cool the compressed vapours of chlorure of methyle so as
to liquify them.
3°. A frigorific apparatus in which runs the liquid chlorure of methyle, and
where it evaporates in absorbing the heat from an uncongealable liquid constantly
kept moving by a pump.
Having so described the nature of my Invention I specially claim,-
1°. The chlorure of methyle as the frigorific agent whatever may be the process
used.
2°. The division of the compression of the vapours of chlorure of methyle in two
or more distinct cylinders or vessels.
I also claim this mode of compression to all the fluids such as air, sulphurous
acid, ammonia, ether, methylic ether, &c., &c.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Crespin, have hereunto set my hand
hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of July, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy nine.
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