Bolts and Nuts.
Year: 1886

page_text: Bolts and Nuts.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the combination of a bolt and nut of ordinary con-
struction, with a helically-curved spring-washer which is provided upon that one
of its faces intended for impact against the nut, with a rib, the apex of which, by
the screwing home of the nut, is made to embed itself progressively in the face of
the nut, and to thereby progressively compress upon the bolt a portion of the
metal of the nut immediately adjoining the bolt.
This washer combines the features of usefulness both of the helical spring
washers aud of the ring or ribbed washers which have been heretofore employed,
that is to say, by the expansive force stored up in it when the nut is screwed home,
it exerts upon the nut a strong outward pressure, tending to prevent the nut from
becoming unscrewed; while, by the impingement of its rib upon the face of the
nut, a portion of the metal of the nut is displaced and compressed against the
bolt, whereby the nut-thread is made to more tightly embrace the bolt-thread.
In the accompanying drawing,
Figure 1 is an end elevation of the improved washer.
Figure 2 is an isometrical perspective view of the washer.
Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line xx of Figure 1; and,
Figure 4 is a sectional view of a bolt, nut and washer, and of an object through
which the bolt is inserted.
Figure 5 is a sectional view similar to Figure 4 showing the nut screwed home,
and exhibiting, in an exaggerated manner the upsetting of the screw threads
produced by the embedding in the face of the nut of the rib on the spring washer.
Figure 6 is a transverse section similar to the section shown in Figure 3, but
illustrating a modification in the shape in cross section of the bar of which the
Price G1

page_text: washer is formed, the modification consisting in making the bar thicker upon the
side which is to form the inner or concave side of the washer.
The drawings represent a spring washer, in the form of a single convolution a
of a belix, made of a steel bar, and having upon its concave edge the rib a¹.
The rib a¹ may be V-shaped in cross section, as represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4,
and 5 of the drawings, or it may be produced by making the steel bar of which
the helix is formed wider upon one side than the other, and in so winding the
helix that the wider side of the steel bar forms the concave side of the helix, as
illustrated in Figure 6.
In Figure 4, in which the parts are shown in section, the washer a is represented
as interposed between the nut b and the face C of the object through which the
bolt D is inserted.
In Figure 5, the nut is represented as screwed home, by which the rib a¹ has
been caused to embed itself in the face of the nut, and to compress upon the bolt
a portion of the metal of the nut immediately adjoining the bolt.
If, in screwing home the nut, sufficient force is exerted to longitudinally stretch
the bolt, or if, by the vibrations to which the structure may be exposed, the bolt is
caused to stretch, the spring washer, by its elastic force, will expand against the
face of the object through which the bolt is inserted, on one side, and against the
nut, on the other side, and thus hold the: bolt firmly in place, and prevent any loose
end wise movement thereof in the object through which the bolt is inserted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
me by my foreign Correspondent I declare that what I claim is:-
-
First. A spring washer in the form of a single convolution of a helix, and pro-
vided with a rib adjacent to the concave edge of that one of its faces which is
intended for impact against the face of the nut, substantially as shown and
described...r
Second. The combination, as herein set forth, of a bolt and nut of ordinary
construction with a helically-curved spring-washer, provided, upon that one of its
faces which bears' against the nut, with a rib, the apex of which, by the screwing
home of the nut, is made to embed itself in the face of the nut, and to thereby
-compress upon the bolt a portion of the metal of the nut immediately adjoining
the bolt.