IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND ADDARAMING BAD COVERING WIRE WITH METAL OR OTHER MATERIAL."
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George West Royston Pigott, of Halifax, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND
ADDARAMING BAD COVERING WIRE WITH METAL OR OTHER MATERIAL."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George West Royston
Pigott at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 8th November 1867.
I, GEORGE WEST ROYSTON PIGOTT, of Halifax, in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR COVERING WIRE WITH METAL OR OTHER MATERIAL,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to means and apparatus for covering or coating wire
with tin, zinc, or other suitable metal or material when in a state of fusion or
liquefaction, and the improvements consist,―
Firstly. In the application of solutions of muriate of ammonia, chloride of
zinc, and of bydrochloric or other acids, or a solution of the material to be
afterwards employed for coating the wire by means of brushes, either revolving
or fixed, so as to brush or apply the same upon the wire in its passage to
prepare it for the better adhesion of the metal or other material which is
applied in a state of fusion or liquefaction, as herein-after explained.
Secondly. In the employment of moveable plungers for depressing the
wires (during their passage) into the melted metal or liquified material, such
plungers carrying moveable pullies or friction rollers, and which plungers may

page_text: be moved by either cranked rods or levers acting directly in a vertical plane
to afford a ready placing of the wires under the rollers.
Thirdly. The application of revolving cylinders or rollers of wood, or of
iron covered with vulcanized india-rubber or horsehair to act in pairs as
breaks to release or tighten the current wire which passes under one and
over the other alternately, and thereby. to regulate the tension of the said
wire.
Fourthly. The employment of a combination of parkesine, ebonite, or hard
vulcanized india-rubber with soft india-rubber, or a combination of either of
these with cork, asbestos, or talc in either round or rectangular blocks of
suitable size and in a state of compression, for the purpose of discharging or
stripping from the wire the superfluous fused metal or material, and also to
give a more perfect finish and polish to the coated or metallized wire.
Fifthly. In a means of regulating the temperature of the melted metal in
the vessel or bath by the employment of an additional vessel or a division of one
vessel into two parts with means of communication betwixt them in apertures
or pipes, so as to obtain a circulation of the metal from one vessel to the other
on the principle of the gravitation of the colder part of the fluid metal as in
hot-water apparatus. Also by having one or both of these vessels embedded
in sand, and also by the providing of two or more flues with throttle valves,
so as to regulate the draught or current of the heat of the furnaces as
required.
Sixthly. In the use of any metal or other material of less specific gravity,
yet capable of bearing a greater temperature before fusion than the metal or
material employed for coating the wire with to float or partially float on the
surface of the said metal or material in the vessel or bath when in a state of
fusion to prevent oxidization, and also to assist in maintaining uniformity of
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said. George West Royston Pigott in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 7th May 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
WEST ROYSTON PIGOTT; of Halifax, in the County of York, send greeting..
WHEREAS Hér most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of November; in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the

page_text: said George West Royston Pigott, Her special licence that I, the said George
West Royston Pigott, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as F, the said George West Royston Pigott, my executors,. adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United.
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,.and. Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN. MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR: COVERING
WIRE WITH METAL OR OTHER MATERIAL," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said George West Royston Pigott, my executors or, adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or, one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the; said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause.
the same to be filed in the Great.. Seal Patent Office within six calendar.
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters: Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George West Royston. Pigott, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner: the same,
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say::.
This Invention relates to means and. apparatus for covering or coating wire
with tin, zinc, or other suitable metal: or material, when in a state of fusion for
liquefaction, and the improvements consist,→→
Firstly. In the application of solutions of muriate of ammonia, chloride of;
zinc, and of hydrochloric or other acids, or of a solution of the material to be
afterwards employed for coating the wire by means of brushes, either revolving
or fixed, so as to brush or apply the same upon the wire in its passage to
prepare it for the better adhesion of the metal or other material which, is..
applied in a state of fusion or. liquefaction, as herein-after explained'.
In carrying into practical effect this part of my Invention I do not limit.
myself to the size, position, or material of the revolving or fixed brushes to be
used in preparing the wire or applying these solutions thereto, but whether
the wire is intended to be metallized, lackered, varnished, glazed, or covered
with paper pulp by passing it through a bath of melted metal, alloy, or other
liquified material, fixed or revolving brushes may be applied to the current
wire, either immediately adjoining to the revolving swift or windsel, carrying
and delivering the wire or at any point along its course as found most.
desirable for preparing the wire to receive the coating of tin, zinc, or alloy, or,
other suitable coating material of an adhesive or drying character.
Secondly. In the employment of moveable plungers for depressing the wires.,

page_text: (during their passage) into the melted metal or liquified material, such
plungers carrying moveable pullies or friction rollers, and which plungers may
be moved by either cranked rods or levers acting directly in a vertical plane to
afford a ready placing of the wires under the rollers or pullies. By means of
these plungers a much greater number of wires can be managed simultaneously
with rapidity and certainty, and the pullies or friction rollers diminish the
tension and friction, and thereby prevent the constant breaking of delicate
wire, which breaking destroys its commercial value, as in the case of card
wire or weaving wire.
Thirdly. The application of revolving cylinders or rollers of wood or of iron,
or iron covered with vulcanized india-rubber or horsehair, to act in pairs as
breaks to release or tighten the current wire which passes under one and
over the other alternately, and thereby to regulate the tension of the said
wire. I prefer using breaks formed of a pair of rollers supported or placed
on a moveable lever, which can be placed in different positions at a variable
inclination to the current wire so as to regulate or cause a greater or less
tension thereon according to the quality, softness, hardness, or thickness of
the wires under manipulation.
Fourthly. The employment of a combination of parkesine, ebonite, or of
hard vulcanized india-rubber with soft india-rubber, or a combination of
either of these with cork, asbestos, or tale in either round or rectangular
blocks of suitable size and in a state of compression, for the purpose of dis-
charging. or stripping from the wire the superfluous fused metal or liquified
material, and also to give a more perfect finish and polish or smoothness to
the metallized or coated wire.
In carrying this part of my said Invention into practice, I prefer to place
either parkesine, ebonite, or hard vulcanized india-rubber, or a combination of
either with asbestos or talc, next to the bath of melted metal or liquified
material, either of which substances under compression or by liquefaction may
be combined with asbestos or tale, or used separately, and the softer material,
such as cork, soft vulcanized india-rubber, or plain india-rubber of commerce,
further off from the bath in the direction of the currency or travel of the
metallized or coated wire. The wire in passing through the bath becomes
thickly coated or covered with fluid metal or material; it thence passes over
the two or more systems of strippers as above described, each of which strips
off the superfluous metal or material, and tends to finish the wire so as to
exhibit a bright, smooth, or regular surface, and by variation of the compression
by means of screws or compressors these strippers regulate the quality of the
work done.

page_text: Fifthly. In a means of regulating the temperature of the melted metal or
liquified material in the vessel or bath by the employment of an additional
vessel, or a division of one vessel into two parts with means of communication
betwixt them in apertures or pipes so as to obtain a circulation of the metal or
liquified material from one vessel to the other on the principle of the gravitation
of the colder part of the fluid metal or material, as in hot-water apparatus ;
also by having one or both of these vessels embedded in sand, and also by
the providing of two or more flues with throttle valves so as to regulate the
draught or current of the furnace flames as required. Thus the flues or
valves in them are so arranged that either one or both can be instantly brought
into action so as to cause the flame of the furnace to traverse either on one
side or the other only (right or left) at a time, or on both sides simultaneously;
and besides these valves another valve or damper is also inserted in the
chimney flue, into which the furnace flues are conducted.
Sixthly. In the use of plates or sheets of any metal or other material of less
specific gravity (yet capable of bearing a greater temperature before fusion)
than the metal or material employed for coating the wire with to float or
partially float on the surface of the said metal or material in the vessel or bath
when in a state of fusion or liquefaction to protect the metal or material from
dirt, and to prevent oxidization, and also to assist in maintaining uniformity
of temperature.
By these varied arrangements I succeed in coating the wire uniformly of a
good colour, and so smoothly as to enable it to be used for a variety of general
and artistic purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said George West Royston Pigott, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
GEORGE WEST ROYSTON PIGOTT. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the within-named George West
Royston Pigott, in the presence of
WM. TASKER,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Bradford.