IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Fairburn, of Kirklees Mills, Mirfield, in the
County of York, Card Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 1st July 1864, and dated the 6th January 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Fairburn at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
January 1864.
I, EDWARD FAIRBURN, of Kirklees Mills, Mirfield, in the County of York,
Card Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUB-
STANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to that class of machine commonly known as
condenser," and the improvements consist, firstly, in forming or cutting
grooves in serpentine or wavy lines parallel to each other around the doffer;
and, secondly, in wedging or fixing in grooves ribs of lead or other suitable
material to form dividers of the fibre and guides for the card clothing.
5
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Fairburn in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
6th July 1864.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, ler heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Edward Fairburn, Her special licence that I, the said Edward Fair-
burn, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Edward Fairburn, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR CARDING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Fairburn, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Fairburn, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
:-
This Invention relates to that class of machine commonly known as
"condenser," and the improvements consist, firstly, in forming or cutting
grooves in serpentine or wavy lines parallel to each other around the doffer;
and, secondly, in wedging or fixing in grooves, ribs of lead, or other suitable
material, to form dividers of the fibre and guides for the card clothing.
In order that this Invention may be clearly understood I have annexed a
Sheet of Drawings with figs. and letters of reference thereon.
Fig. 1 represents a sectional segment of a doffer cylinder constructed of
cast iron; Fig. 2, a plan of the same; and Fig. 3 is a cross section taken
through the line A, B, in Fig. 2.
C are grooves cut therein, in serpentine lines, around the circumference
thereof, or in curvilinear lines alternately diverging on each side of right
lines, as will be seen by reference to the plan (Fig. 2) where right or straight
lines are shewn by dotted lines D. Ribs of lead, gutta percha, or other suit-
able material E are wedged or fixed in these grooves and project to the points
of the teeth of the rings of card clothing F, which are placed betwixt the ribs.

page_text: These ribs, fixed in the manner shewn, are guides for placing the rings of card
clothing on the doffer cylinder, in serpentine or curvilinear lines, so as to act
upon every part of the card clothing of the swift, and also as dividers of the
fibres into strips as required in condenser carding engines.
Fig. 4 shews part of a longitudinal section of an ordinary wood lagged
doffer cylinder with grooves cut into the wood, and a part of them filled up
with lead or other material, with rings of card clothing placed betwixt them,
as previously explained.
It will be readily seen and understood by those conversant with condensers
that in practical operation these wavy or serpentine rings of cards and dividing
ribs will be constantly traversing or varying their place of contact with the
surface of the swift, and thereby the cards on the doffer will act upon every
part of the cards on the swift as they rotate, consequently clearing the latter
of fibre at every revolution.
Having thus fully described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is performed or carried into practice, I would have it under-
stood that I do not confine myself to any amount of curvature or extent of
curvilinear divergency from right lines around the cylinder, or to the number
of curves formed in the circumference thereof, or to the particular construction
or formation of the doffers, nor to the kind of metal or material employed for
the ribs, although I prefer lead or gutta percha as being most easily prepared
and fixed in position; but I claim,―
Firstly, the formation or cutting of serpentine, wavy, or curvilinear grooves
in doffer cylinders.
Secondly, the wedging or otherwise fixing ribs of lead, gutta percha, or
other suitable metal or material in grooves of doffer cylinders.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Fairburn, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of July, One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-four.