Improvements in Hot Water Bollers.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Jan., 1894-Accepted, 3rd Mar.. 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hot Water Bollers.
I, DAVID SMITH KEITH of King Street, Toronto, Canada, presently residing
at Keith Lodge, Arbroath in the County of Forfar, Plumber, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention which relates to boilers for heating and circulating water for
heating purposes, has for its object mainly to obtain better circulation of the water
through the boiler by improved construction of the boiler and of the tubes or
tubular sections of which it is largely composed.
The tubes or tubular sections in the improved hot water boiler may be placed
vertically, horizontally or inclined and in one modification in which they are
vertical the boiler is composed of a series of tubes or tubular sections arranged in
an annular row or ring to rest vertically on their lower closed ends upon a base
piece constituting a fire grate and ash box whilst their upper ends which are open
are connected to a water jacket constituting the crown or top of the boiler to which
the flow and return connections are made, and through an orifice in which the waste
gases from the fire pass.
These tubes which thus form the shell of the boiler, being however enclosed by
a sheet metal or brick casing, are each made with a central passage down which
the cooler water flows and two or more side passages up which the water flows as
it is heated by contact or radiation from the fire, spaces being formed between the
inner and outer water channels for the fire gases which play around the walls of
said channels. These tubes thus present an exceptionally large amount of heating
surface to the action of the fire in comparison with the ordinary forms of drop
tubes from which they further differ in having two or a larger number of ascending
water channels. At the upper end of the central channel which is preferably of
approximately rectangular form, though it may be cylindrical there is fitted a short
tube length, extending above the lower side of the water jacket or crown and
serving to carry up the heated water from the side or outer channels whilst the
cooler water enters by orifices formed in the two opposite narrower ends of this
tube and passes into the central down channel.
In the construction of the boiler an inner annular row or rows of similar tubes or
tubular sections is or are fitted to depend from the water jacket or crown with
which their upper ends are connected, the lower ends of said tubes forming the top
of the furnace and the space within them an outlet for the fire gases towards the
orifice in the water jacket or crown leading to the chimney. Baffle plates are
provided to direct the fire gases through the spaces formed in the tubular sections
and upon the beating surfaces to ensure utilization of all the available heat.
The flow and return connections may be made in any usual way but by
preference they are made in the water jacket or crown opposite to the open end of
one of the upright tubes. The return flows directly by a central tube into the
central down channel of the tubular section whilst the hot water flow pipe is
connected to a flange or other joint formed on a tubular fitting surrounding the
return pipe, the water passing from the ascending channels of the tubular sections
and from the water jacket through an annular space surrounding the return tube.
When the tubes or tubular sections are placed horizontally the water jacket is
formed in one or more of the side walls of the boiler and the open ends of the
tubes connected thereto, whilst the water in the tubes is heated and circulated by
the fire gases playing around the tubes and through the spaces formed between the
water channels.

page_text: I also form a twin boiler having a central vertical water jacket with horizontal
tubes or tubular sections connected to it, the water jacket either extending quite
down to the fire grate so as to divide it or terminating some distance over it in
which latter case drop tubes of the improved construction may be connected to the
lower end of the water jacket and serve to partially separate the fires used for
beating the boiler. By this arrangement and balf or section of the boiler may
alone be fired when comparatively little heating power is required or the fire in one
section may be in part used to heat the adjoining section by permitting the fire
gases to traverse the spaces in the tubes connected to the lower end of the vertical
water jacket.
The arrangement also provides for consuming or preventing smoke by alternately
charging the fires and so regulating the dampers as to cause the gases from the
newly charged fire to pass through the fire adjoining.
Dated this 21st day of April 1893.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hot Water Boilers.
I, DAVID SMITH KEITH, of King Street, Toronto, Canada, presently
residing at Keith Lodge, Arbroath, in the County of Forfar, Plumber, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :---
This invention which relates to boilers for heating and circulating water for
beating purposes, has for its object mainly to obtain better circulation of the water
through the boiler by improved construction of the boiler and of the tubes or
tubular sections of which it is largely composed.
The invention is illustrated on the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 being a
vertical section of a modification, Fig. 2 a vertical section of another modification
and Fig. 3 a vertical section of a still further modification of the boiler.
The tubes or tubular sections in the improved hot water boiler may be placed
vertically, horizontally or-inclined and in one modification illustrated in Fig. 1 of
the accompanying drawings in which they are vertical the boiler is composed of a
series of tubes or tubular sections A. arranged in an annular row or ring to rest
vertically on their lower closed ends upon a base piece B constituting a fire grate
and ash box whilst their upper ends which are open are connected to a water
jacket C constituting the crown or top of the boiler D to which the flow and return
connections E, F, are made, and which has an orifice G through which the waste
gases from the fire pass.
These tubes A which thus form the shell of the boiler D being however enclosed
by a sheet metal or brick casing H are each made with a central passage a down
which the cooler water flows and two or more side passages b up which the water
flows as it is heated by contact or radiation from the fire, spaces c being formed
between the inner and outer water channels for the fire gases which play around
the walls of said channels. These tubes thus present an exceptionally large amount!
of heating surface to the action of the fire in comparison with the ordinary forms
of drop tubes from which they further differ in having two or a larger number of
ascending water channels. At the upper end of the central channel a which is
preferably of approximately rectangular form though it may be cylindrical there is
fitted a short tube length d extending above the lower side of the water jacket or
crown C and serving to deflect and carry up the heated water from the side or
outer channels whilst the cooler water enters by orifices formed in the two opposite
narrower ends of this tube and passes into the central down channel.

page_text: In the construction of the boiler D an inner annular row or rows of similar tubes
or tubular sections A is or are fitted to depend from the water jacket or crown C
with which their upper ends are connected, the lower ends of said tubes forming
the top of the furnace and the space within or enclosed by them an outlet for the
fire gases towards the orifice & in the water jacket or crown leading to the
chimney. Baffle plates are or may be provided to direct the fire gases through
the spaces c formed in the tubular sections A and upon the heating surfaces to
ensure utilization of all the available heat.
The flow and return connections E, F, may be made in any usual way but by
preference they are made in the water jacket or crown C opposite to the open end
of one of the upright tubes A. The return F flows directly by a central tube e
into the central down channel a of the tubular section A whilst the hot water flow
pipe E is connected to a flange or other joint formed on a tubular fitting surrounding
the return pipe, the water passing from the ascending channels 6 of the tubular
sections A and from the water jacket C through an annular space I surrounding
the return tube.
When the tubes or tubular sections are placed horizontally as indicated by .
Figure 2 the water jacket C is formed in one or more of the side walls of the
boiler and the open ends of the tubes A. connected thereto, whilst the water in the
tubes is heated and circulated by the fire gases playing around the tubes and
through the spaces c formed between the water channels.
As represented by Figure 3 I also form a twin boiler having a central vertical
water jacket C with horizontal tubes or tubular sections A connected to it, the
water jacket either extending quite down to the fire grate as shewn so as to divide
it or terminating some distance over it in which latter case drop tubes of the
improved construction may if desired be connected to the lower end of the water
jacket C and serve to partially separate the fires used for heating the boiler. This
arrangement of the water jacket C admits of one half or section of the boiler only
being fired when comparatively little heating power is required or the fire in one
section may be in part used to heat the adjoining section by permitting the fire
gases to traverse the spaces in the tubes connected to the lower end of the vertical
water jacket.
The arrangement also provides for consuming or preventing smoke by alternately
charging the fires and so regulating the dampers as to cause the gases from the
newly charged fire to pass through the fire adjoining.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. A hot water boiler constructed substantially as described under several
modifications with reference to the drawings annexed.
2. In a hot water boiler the employment as the main heating surfaces of tubes
or tubular sections constructed substantially as described.
Dated this 20th day of January 1894.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.