Improvements in Filters.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 29th June, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 27th Mar., 1900-Accepted, 28th Apr., 1900
BUY DIVAAD DI MULTICATION.
Improvements in Filters.
I, EDMONDSON SCHOLES, of 939, Hollins Road, Hollinwood, in the County of
Lancaster, Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
My said invention relates primarily to that type of filter which is composed of
a number of frames or sections provided with filtering medium and suitable
passages for the liquid, the frames being held together by pressure. I con-
struct such frames alternately deep and shallow, and provide each frame with
sheets of perforated metal so arranged as to leave free spaces or channels between
the filtering medium for the circulation of the liquor. The frames and metallic
perforated sheets are preferably made of aluminiuni or other metal not liable to
become foul.
The perforated metal sheets are corrugated or grooved and each frame is pro-
vided with three such sheets arranged with the corrugations running at right
angles to those of the neighbouring sheet.
In the deep frames the corrugated perforated sheets are placed about centrally
and the space on each side of the sheets is filled up with cellulose cotton, linen,
wood pulp, asbestos, turf or other suitable filtering medium.
The shallow frames containing the sheets of perforated metal are disposed as
stated alternately with the deep frames carrying the filtering médium, so
it will be seen that each layer of filtering medium is separated by walls of per-
forated and corrugated metal sheets which provide channels at right angles to
each other for the free circulation of the liquor. The upper portion of the
frames is provided with two passages or channels extending throughout the length
of the frames when they are arranged together, and each of these passages is
provided with a port leading to the spaces formed by the sheets of perforated
corrugated metal.
.
The bottom of the frames is provided with a similar single passage and port.
Any suitable number of such frames are arranged to rest on rails and are
clamped together by means of a screw or the like the junctions of the frames
being suitably packed to render them fluid tight. At each end of the frames is
arranged a chamber into one of which the liquor to be filtered is pumped being
withdrawn from the chamber at the other end. Each of these chambers is pro-
vided with a vessel or receiver preferably of glass so that the condition of the
liquor may be ascertained before and after filtration, a tap being provided to
withdraw a sample of liquor if required.
The liquor pumped into the chamber at the end of the apparatus passes
through one of the upper passages and from thence by means of the ports to the
circulating spaces formed between the walls of cellulose or other filtering material.
The air contained within the filter press is forced by the incoming liquor through
the ports in the other passage and so into the receiver at the end of the filter
press. This receiver may be provided with an air tap or safety valve and pressure
indicator.
The liquor has thus free access along the circulating spaces to each side of the
filtering walls and when filtered is forced through the ports of the lower passage
and from thence to the chamber at the end of the apparatus from which it
is withdrawn. It must be understood that the essential feature of my inven-
J

page_text: tion consists in the provision of a plurality of corrugated, perforated plates so
arranged in frames with relation to the filtering medium as to provide free
circulating space for the liquor so that the same is brought into contact with
the filtering material arranged at each side of the circulating space. The
arrangement of the corrugated perforated sheets effectually prevents neighbour-
ing walls of. filtering material coming into contact with each other and thus
obstructing the free circulation of liquor. To cleanse the filter I force there-
through a reversed current of clean water which throws off all foul matter from
the walls of filtering medium and washes the same out of the apparatus.
As a modification of my invention I might enclose the filtering media between
corrugated or other discs, which may if desired be dished, such discs being
packed on a central perforated pipe, the pipe and filtering surfaces carried
thereby being enclosed in a suitable vessel in connection with the fluid supply.
In this case filtration is effected by the passage of the fluid through the filtering
surfaces to the. interior of the perforated pipe the flow therefrom. being con-
trolled by a valve or the like. In order to cleanse such a filter I again provide
means for obtaining a reverse flow of water.
Dated thi 90th low of T. 1800
For the Applicant,
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
Chartered Patent Agents, 5, John Dalton Street, Manchester.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Filters.
I, EDMONDSON SCHOLES, of 939, Hollins Road, Hollinwood, in the County of
Lancaster, Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, and accompanying drawings:-
My said invention relates primarily to that type of filter which is composed of
a number of frames or sections provided with filtering medium and suitable
passages for the liquid, the frames being held together by pressure.
The accompanying two sheets of drawings clearly illustrates my invention.
On Sheet 1.
Fig. 1 shows in elevation a portion of a filter press constructed in accordance
with my invention.
Fig. 2 shows in end elevation a series of plates forming one section of the
apparatus.
Fig. 3 shows the parts making this section in separate end view.
Figs. 4 to 7 are face views of the parts.
On Sheet 2.
Figs. 8 to 10 illustrate my invention applied to a domestic filter.
As shown on Sheet 1, my invention is applied to a filter press suitable for the
filtration of beer and other liquids which are delivered to the filter press under
pressure. The metal frames or segments of the filter are made of aluminium
or any other suitable metal or material not liable to become foul.
I prefer to make the plates and frames of the filter press from an alloyed
aluminium which I consider gives a much denser and stronger casting and which
alloy I find does not interfere with the acid resisting qualities of the aluminium.
The alloy I understand is a trade secret and so far as I am aware can only be
obtained from the firm of Kay and Butler, of Furnace Street,. Dukinfield, in the
County of Chester, Brassfounders.
The various sections of the filter press are shown in Figs. 2 to 7 and are built
up as follows.

page_text: A frame or plate a is provided with corrugations as shown in the face view
Fig. 4 so as to form a shallow trough or circulating spaces. These corrugations
are provided at each side of the plates a save the end plates which are formed
at one side with a plain surface to contact with the end blocks AA of the filter
press. Alternately with the shallow corrugated plates are arranged deep
frames which are provided with a central partition & so that a double recess
or chamber is provided in the frames at each side of the central partition e
This partition is also corrugated at each side in the manner shown in Fig. 7.
At each side of the plate a and upon each side of the central partition c of the
frame I place a sheet of corrugated perforated metal & preferably of pure
aluminium.
The corrugated and perforated metal sheets are arranged with their corru-
gations running at right angles to those of the frames a and b so that a number
of circulating spaces or channels are obtained between the frames a and b and
the sheets of metal . If desired the sides of the plate a and the partition e
may be plain and two or more corrugated and perforated metal sheets d may be
placed at each side of the plate a and partition with their grooves or channels
at right angles to each other so as to obtain the necessary free circulating spaces.
The chambers at each side of the central partition c after the corrugated and
perforated plates & have been placed at each side thereof as described, are filled
up with carbon, cellulose, cotton, linen, wood pulp, filtering earths, asbestos,
silk, turf, or any other suitable filtering medium e.
The shallow frames or plates a carrying at each side the sheets of perfo-
rated metal are disposed as stated alternately with the deep frames 6 carrying
the filtering medium, so that it will be seen from an inspection of Fig. 3, in
which the component parts are shown separated, that each layer of filtering
medium e is separated by walls of perforated and corrugated metal which pro-
vide channels at right angles to each other for the free circulation of the liquor.
The upper portion of the frames and are provided with two passages or
channels f extending throughout the length of the frames when they are
arranged together, and each of these passages is provided with a port f¹g leading
to the spaces formed by the sheets of perforated corrugated metal.
The bottom of the frames ab is provided with a similar single passage h,
and port h formed only in deep frame b.
Any suitable number of such frames ab are arranged to rest on rails carried
by suitable standards and are clamped together by means of a screw or the
like the junctions of the frames being suitably packed as shown in solid black
in Fig. 7 to render them fluid tight. At each end of the frames may be arranged
a chamber into one of which the liquor to be filtered is pumped being with-
drawn from the chamber at the other end. Each of these chambers may be
provided with a vessel or receiver preferably of glass so that the condition of
the liquor may be ascertained before and after filtration, a tap being provided
to withdraw a sample of liquor if required.
The liquor is pumped through the pipe through the upper passage and
from thence by means of the ports g in the frame or plate to the circulating
spaces formed between the walls of cellulose or other filtering material. The
filtered liquor or liquid is carried off through the pipe m and a valve in the
pipe is closed until the air contained within the filter press is forced by the
incoming liquor through the ports f in the upper passage f and so into the
receiver at the end of the filter press. The tap of the receiver is opened
to allow the escape of air and is then afterwards closed.
The liquor has thus free access through the ports g to the circulating spaces
at each side of the plate or walls a and is forced by the pressure through the
filtering medium e and by way of the ports through the passages hand from
thence to the pipe m at the end of the apparatus from which it is withdrawn. It
must be understood that the essential feature of my invention consists in the
provision of corrugated surfaces the corrugations or channels arranged at right

page_text: angles so arranged in the frames with relation to the filtering medium as to
provide free circulating space for the liquor so that the same is brought into
contact with the filtering material arranged at each side of the circulating space,
The arrangement of the corrugated perforated sheets effectually prevents neigh-
bouring walls of filtering material coming into contact with each other and
thus obstructing the free circulation of liquor.
Instead of using blocks e of filtering medium I might use a sheet or sheets
of silk or cotton fabric or other filtering or straining material provided at each
side with walls of corrugated material so as to form a free circulating space for
the liquid as described.
In such a case the deep frames could be made correspondingly shallower
as the chamber for the filtering material would require to be of little depth.
Moreover the sheet or sheets of silk or other filtering fabric or material could
be made large enough to cover the meeting edges of the plates ab and would
thus provide or facilitate the making of a fluid tight joint between the plates b.
To cleanse the filter I force therethrough a reversed current of clean water
which throws off all foul matter from the walls of filtering medium and washes
the same out of the apparatus.
As a modification of my invention I might enclose the filtering media e
between two or more corrugated and perforated discs o superimposed with their
corrugations at right angles which discs may if desired be dished such discs being
packed on a central perforated pipe the pipe and filtering surfaces carried
thereby being enclosed in a suitable vessel y in connection with the fluid
supply pipe as shown in Figs. 8 to 10. In this case filtration is effected by
the passage of the fluid through the filtering surface to the interior of the per-
forated pipe p the flow therefrom being controlled by a valves or the like. In
order to cleanse such a filter a reversed flow of water may be passed through by
means of the valve s. The type of filter illustrated on Sheet 2 is particularly
applicable for domestic use.
Fig. 9 is a plan of Fig. 8 with the cover removed whilst Fig. 10 is a plan of
the arrangement of two corrugated and perforated plates arranged with the
grooves or channels at right angles to each other so as to provide the requisite
circulating spaces.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is-
1) In filtering apparatus of the type illustrated in Sheet 1 of the drawings
the provision between the walls of filtering media of metallic sheets or surfaces
provided with corrugations, grooves or channels, the corrugations of one such
surface being arranged at right angles to the neighbouring one so as to provide
free circulating spaces or channels for the liquid or liquor under treatment
between the filtering media and offer no obstruction to the passage of the liquid
through the filtering media substantially as described and shown.
2) The general arrangement construction and combination of parts comprising
the improved filter press substantially as described and illustrated in Sheet 1 of
the drawings.
3) The modified construction of filter applicable for use for domestic purposes
or for filtering small volumes of liquid substantially as described and illustrated
in Sheet
of the drawings.