IMPROVEMENTS IN HOSE AND PIPE NOZZLES FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES AND OTHER PURPOSES.
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Garrett Tongue, of the Firm of Tongue & Birkbeck,
Patent Agents and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOSE
AND PIPE NOZZLES FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES AND OTHER PURPOSES. A
communication from abroad by Melville Clemens, of Worcester, in the State
of Massachusetts, and the Eaton Cole and Burnham Company, of Bridgeport, in
the State of Connecticut, United States of America.
Sealed the 23rd September 1876, and dated the 31st March 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Garrett Tongue at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st March 1876.
<
JOHN GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue & Birkbeck, Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex. IMPROVEMENTS IN HOSE AND PIPE NOZZLES FOR EXTINGUISHING
FIRES AND OTHER PURPOSES. A communication from abroad by Melville Clemens,
of Worcester, in the State of Massachusetts, and the Eaton Cole and Burnham
Company, of Bridgeport, in the State of Connecticut, United States of America.
One object of this Invention is to construct a controlling nozzle for fire extin-
guishing apparatus which shall throw a good stream round and solid and of any
required size from the full capacity of the nozzle down to a small jet or to a full
stop.
The nature of this Invention relates, first, to the improved arrangement and con-
struction of a hose or pipe nozzle provided with a cone valve placed concentrically
in the nozzle, also seating at the discharge orifice of the latter and adapted to form,
regulate, and stop the stream, as herein-after described.
These improvements also relate to an ajutage having an enlarged valve guard
tube beyond the discharge orifice and made adaptable to a hose or pipe nozzle.
The Invention likewise relates to a certain arrangement of lateral apertures
relatively with the discharge orifice of the nozzle, and which may either be used as
air inlets to prevent the formation of a vacuum in an enlarged terminal tube
attached to the ajutage, or to establish a protective spray in the rear end of said
enlarged tube.
This Invention furthermore relates to the arrangement and application of a
removable stream reducing ring applied to the outer end of said enlarged terminal
[Price 6.1

page_text: ajutage tube to form the steam and to insure the filling of said tube with water,
and to make available the rear protective spray.
The Invention also relates to certain combinations with an enlarged terminal
tube attached to the ajutage of a spraying disc or piece for converting the stream
from a jet into a spray.
The Invention likewise relates to various combinations with the conc valve
which forms, regulates, and stops the stream of means for operating said valve.
Again, the Invention relates to a longitudinally adjustable ajutage in combination
with a fixed cone valve applied to the nozzle for forming, regulating, and stop ping
the stream as in the case of a movable or longitudinally adjustable cone valve.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Garrett Tongue in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th
September 1876.
JOHN GARRETT TONGUE, of the. Firm of Tongue and Birkbeck, Patent Agents
and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOSE AND PIPE NOZZLES FOR EXTINGUISHING
FIRES AND OTHER PURPOSES.” A communication from abroad by Melville Clemens,
of Worcester, in the State of Massachusetts, and the Eaton Coal and Burnham
Company, of Bridgeport, in the State of Connecticut, United States of America.
One object of this Invention is to construct a controlling nozzle for fire extin-
guishing apparatus which shall throw a good stream round and solid and of any
required size from the full capacity of the nozzle down to a small jet or to a full
stop, whereby the following advantages are obtained :-
The size of the stream and the volume of water thrown may be controlled to the
minimum required for extinguishing fires, thus economizing the water used and
avoiding unnecessary damage to buildings and goods by excessive use of water.
Also when a long line of hose is out or the water pressure is low in the hose the
nozzle may be partly closed to reduce the size of the stream and to give a further
throw by concentrating the water force; and in all conditions of working pressures
the pipe man or user can readily adjust the nozzle for the greatest range of projection
of the stream.
Greater security and facility is given in handling the hose and pipe during an
engagement with a fire when in exposed positions or in shifting positions by simply
closing down the nozzle and reducing or cutting off the reacting thrust of the
discharge stream.
Furthermore the nozzle opens and closes uniformly and very gradually, thereby
avoiding shock and blow from too suddenly starting or stopping the water, thus
preventing the straining or bursting of the hose by water hammering or quick
accumulation of pressure, which makes the device well adapted for safe use on hose
connected to hydrants or pipes carrying high pressures, and also when used on hose
connected to fire engines equipped with relief valves.
Another object of the Invention is to establish a rear spray which shall protect
the pipe man or user from smoke and heat in close engagement with the fire.
Still another object of the Invention is the construction of a hose nozzle which
shall be readily capable of giving either a jet or spray discharge.
The above are some of the objects of the Invention.
This Invention relates, first, to the improved arrangement and construction of
a hose or pipe nozzle which according to this part of the Invention is provided
with a cone valve placed concentrically in the nozzle, also seating at the discharge
orifice of the latter and adapted to form, regulate, and stop the stream, as herein-
after described.
This Invention also relates to the arrangement and application of an ajutage
having an enlarged valve guard tube beyond the discharge orifice, and made
adaptable to a hose or pipe nozzle.

page_text: The Invention likewise relates to a certain arrangement of lateral apertures
relatively with the discharge orifice of the nozzle, and which may either be used
as air inlets to prevent the formation of a vacuum in an enlarged terminal tube
attached to the ajutage, or to establish a protective spray in the rear end of said
5cularged tube..
This Invention furthermore relates to the arrangement and application of a
removeable stream reducing ring applied to the outer end of said enlarged terminal
ajutage tube to form the stream and to insure the filling of the said tube with water
and to make available the rear protective spray.
The Invention also relates to certain combinations and arrangements of apparatus
with an enlarged terminal tube attached to the ajutage of a spraying disc or piece
for converting the stream from a jet into a spray.
The Invention likewise relates to various combinations and arrangements of
apparatus with the cone valve which forms, regulates, and stops the stream of means
for operating said valve.
Again, the Invention relates to the arrangement and application of a longitudinally
adjustable ajutage in combination with a fixed cone valve applied to the nozzle
for forming, regulating, and stopping the stream as in the case of a moveable or
longitudinally adjustable cone valve.
Having thus specified certain of the objects and nature of the Invention, its
further explanation in connection with the accompanying Drawings will now be
proceeded with.
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of a hose nozzle, with a longitu-
dinally adjustable cone valve and a valve guard tube attached to the ajutage ;
Figure 2 is a rear end view of the same; and Figure 3 a transverse section thereof
on the line x, x.
Figure 4 is an exterior longitudinal view of a similar combination of main parts
to that shown in the previous Figures, but somewhat differently constructed, and
showing a different arrangement of means for working the conc valve; and
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of the same in a plane at right angles to Figure 4,
looking upwards.
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section of another modification of the hose nozzle
with its longitudinally adjustable cone valve.
Figure 7 is a longitudinal exterior view of a hose or pipe nozzle having a longi-
tudinally adjustable ajutage with a fixed cone valve applied to the nozzle, and
Figure 8 a longitudinal section of the same.
Figure 9 is a longitudinal section of a hose or pipe nozzle in part, provided with
a removable stream reducing ring applied to its outer end; and Figure 10 a face
view of said ring detached.
Figure 11 is a longitudinal section of a hose or pipe nozzle in part, provided
with a removable curved spraying piece applied to the outer end of the nozzle;
Figure 12 a face view of said spraying piece detached; and Figure 13 a longitudinal
section of a similar hose or pipe nozzle in part, with the curved spraying piece in
a reversed position to that shown for it in Figure 11.
Figure 14 is a longitudinal section of a hose or pipe nozzle in part, with a
swinging curved spraying piece applied to it; and Figure 15 an inside or back
view of said spraying piece.
Referring in the first instance to Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the Drawing, A is the
nozzle barrel which is screwed at its outer end fast into an ajutage B, having its
discharge orifice at C. Said nozzle, barrel, pipe, or tube A has also at its inner
end a screw thread b by which it may be attached to the discharge pipe of a hose.
D is a valve stem tube arranged in concentric relation with the barrel A, and
attached to or forming part of it by means of radial connections c, on opposite sides
of which are passages d, d, for the water. These radial connections c are made
hollow, or formed with a longitudinal slot e between their ends or heads, which
slot also extends through the tube D and outer circumferential portion or shell of
the barrel A.

page_text: E is a
long pointed cone valve placed concentrically in the nozzle, and so that it
is free to project at its forward or pointed end through the discharge orifice C of
the ajutage B, and so that when fully projected forwards it seats at its enlarged
portion against the sides or walls of the orifice C. Said valve is formed with a
stem extending backwards and fitting in a close yet sliding manner within the
tube 1 which serves to support and guide the valve by its stem.
Attached to the valve stem f is a transverse bar G, arranged to fit freely within
and pass through the slot e of the nozzle barrel and its attached valve stein tube.
This bar G has teeth or screw thread sections on its ends which project through the
barrel A, and engage with an internally threaded screw sleeve H, arranged to turn
on and around the barrel A.
The inner or back end of the valve stem tube D may be closed by a plug g.
I is a valve guard tube arranged beyond the discharge orifice C of the aquitage B,
and of a larger area than said orifice, forming an enlarged terminal ajutage tube
with a shoulder h at its junction with the said orifice. One function of this tube I
is to protect or shield the valve, but the water in passing through it does not touch
or fill it, by reason of its greater diameter than the orifice C in connection with the
conical forin of the valve and shape of the ajutage.
"
In order to insure a free egress and a solid unbroken stream for the water through
the tube I unimpaired by the formation of a vacuum around the stream passing
therethrough there are arranged a series of air inlets i around said tube at or near
its junction with the ajutage B or beyond the orifice C of the latter.
By turning the screw sleeve H on the barrel A in opposite directions the cone
valve E is moved in and out relatively to its seat at the discharge orifice C to
regulate the size of the stream thrown or to stop it. When the nozzle is being
used the water getting out of the orifice C forins on the cone valve E into a solid
sound stream, which is projected from the nozzle as solidly and efficiently as in
common, plain, or ring nozzles, and the pipe man or user by revolving the sleeve H
controls the nozzle to throw a stream of any size from the full capacity of the nozzle
to a fine jet, or to bring it to a perfect stop.
Figure 1 represents by full lines the valve E as partly open, and by dotted lines
as fully closed. Although the discharge orifice C of the ajutage is here shown as of
conical form, it might be of a plain ring shape or any other suitable form, and the
cone valve E might either have its sides made straight or curved in direction of the
length of the valve.
Referring in the next instance to Figures + and 5 of the Drawing, substantially
the same combination of leading parts is shown as in the previous Figure of the
Drawing, and like letters indicate similar parts, but the means for supporting and
operating the valve are different.
Thus the nozzel barrel A is made longer, and the stem f of the yalve is guided.
and supported concentrically within it by means of radial projections or guides
attached to the valve stem, and extended so as to come in close but working
contact with the interior of the barrel, and the valve stem fis fitted or constructed
with a rack 1, by which through means of a pinion m, actuated by a handle J from
the outside of the barrel A, the valve E is moved in or out relatively to the dis-
charge orifice C of the ajutage B. When more power is required to operate or hold
the valve E than can be conveniently obtained by the said rack and pinion, then a
screw and worm wheel movement may be substituted therefor.
Figure 6 represents a modification in which the nozzle barrel A is connected with
the hose by a pipe A', having a bent connection or communication with the barrel,
and the coue valve E is rotated to move it in or out relatively to the discharge
orifice C of the ajutage B by means of a wheel or handle on the back end of the
valve stem f, which projects through the rear end of the barrel, or rather through
a stuffing box o on a screw box 2, which is screwed into the back end of the barrel,
and which serves not only as a guide for the valve stem, but also on turning the
valve steam as a means of moving the valve in or out by a screw thread g, on the
valve stem fitting a female thread in the box p. 1 is the valve guard tube having

page_text: side air inlets i. This modification of the Invention may be very serviceably
employed as an attachment to hall or garden hose, and may have combined with it a
sprinkler or sprayer.
Figures 7 and 8 show a modification of the Invention in which instead of the cone
valve E being moved in and out relatively to the discharge orifice C of the ajutage B
having an attached valve guard tube I, said cone valve is stationary, being attached
by raidial webs on its stem to the interior of the nozzle barrel A in concentric
relation with the latter, and the ajutage B is moved in and out relatively with
the cone valve E by means of an attached and extended screw sleeve H on an
externally screw threaded portion of the nozzle barrel A. The principle of action,
however, is the same as in Figure 1. A packing 8 may, if desired, be applied to the
exterior of the barrel A near its outer end, to prevent leakage between it and the
sleeve H, and the latter may have a recessed portion t, in which a stop on the
barrel A fits to arrest motion of the ajutage at its extreme backward and forward
positions.
In Figures 9 and 10 B is the conical ajutage of a hose or pipe nozzle, with an
attached front tube I of greater area than the discharge orifice
of the ajutage,
and provided with side air inlets i at the junction of said tube with the ajutage.
These air inlets i may, if desired, be used as spraying inlets for the purpose of
establishing a rear spray which shall protect the pipeman or user from sinoke
and heat in a close engagement with the fire.
For this purpose the inlets i are made inclining, or at least advantageously so, as
shown in this Figure 9, and a removeable stream reducing ring K is applied to the
outer end of the tube 1, said ring having its discharge orifice of somewhat lesser
diameter than the discharge orifice C of the ajutage, whereby the water being dis-
charged is caused to bank or pile up in the tube I till it finds relief in a spray
through the apertures i. This stream reducing ring K is represented as having
its discharge orifice flaring outwards, which produces a contracted stream of a size
corresponding with the smallest diameter of said orifice; but by reversing said ring
so that its discharge orifice flares inwards, then a stream of larger diameter will be
discharged. Said stream reducing ring K is accordingly attached in a readily
removeable manner, and made capable of reversal or of entire removal if desired, in
which latter case the aperture i will operate only as air inlets.
Figures 11 and 12 illustrate a removeable curved spraying disc or piece L applied
to the outer or front end of the tube I, which projects from or is an extension of
the ajutage B, for the purpose of producing a spray instead of a jet or solid stream.
Figure 13 is a similar combination of parts, but with the curved spraying disc
or piece L reversed to give a contracting spray forming into a stream in place of
the diffused spray due to the arrangement of the disc L, in Figure 11.
Figures 14 and 15 represent a partially spherical spraying disc or piece L pivotted
at v to opposite sides of the extension tube I of the ajutage B, whereby when it is
required to convert the discharge from a spray into a jet or solid stream, the
spraying disc or piece L, instead of being removed may be simply turned on its
pivots, so as not to cover the outlet end of the tube I, as shown by dotted lines
in Figure 14.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of performing
or carrying the same into practice, what I claim under the above in part recited
Letters Patent is as follows:-
First. The arrangement and construction of a hose or pipe nozzle, provided with
a cone valve placed concentrically in the nozzle and seating at its discharge orifice
and adapted to forin, regulate, and stop the stream, substantially as specified.
Second. The arrangement and construction of an ajustage B, having the
enlarged valve guard tube D beyond the discharge orifice C, and adapted to a
hose or pipe nozzle, essentially as and for the purposes herein shown and set
forth.
Third. The combination with a hose or pipe nozzle fitted with a controlling
valve of the means for operating said valve, essentially as described with reference
to Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the Drawings annexed hereto.

page_text: Fourth. The combination with a hose or pipe nozzle fitted with a controlling
valve of the means for operating said valve, substantially as described and shown
in Figures 4 and 5 of the Drawings annexed.
Fifth. A hose or pipe nozzle fitted with a controlling valve, and constructed
and provided with means for operating said valve, essentially as described and
shown in Figure 6 of the Drawings annexed.
Sixth. A hose or pipe nozzle provided with a stationary controlling valve, and
fitted with a longitudinally adjustable ajutage, essentially as described and shown
n Figures 7 and 8 of the Drawings annexed.
Seventh. A hose or pipe nozzle provided with lateral apertures i arranged in
relation with the discharge orifice C, and serving to admit air or to produce a rear
spray, essentially as and for the purposes herein shown and set forth.
Eighth. The removeable steam reducing ring K applied to the enlarged tube D
beyond the discharge orifice C and side apertures of the nozzle, essentially as
- described and shown in Figure 9 of the Drawings annexed.
Ninth. The removeable curved spraying disc or piece L applied to the outer end
of the enlarged tube D beyond the discharge orifice C and side apertures i of the
ajutage B, substantially as described and shown in Figures 11, 12, and 13 of
the Drawings annexed.
Tenth. The swinging spraying piece or disc L. pivoted or attached to the enlarged
tube D of the hose or pipe nozzle, essentially as described and shown in Figures 14
and 15 of the Drawings annexed.
Lastly. The improved arrangement and construction of hose and pipe nozzles
acting substantially in the manner as and for the purposes herein-before described
and represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 of the
Drawings hereto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Garrett Tongue, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
JOHN GARRETT TONGUE. (L.S.)