IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR WINDING AND TWISTING FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis Boigeol, of Giromagny, near Belfors, Town in
the French Empire, Manufacturer, for the Invention of " IMPROVED
MACHINERY FOR WINDING AND TWISTING FIBROUS MATERIALS."
ealed the 30th December 1859, and dated the 30th June 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis Boigeol at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
June 1859.
I, LOUIS BOIGEOL, of Giromagny, near Belfors, Town in the French Empire,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVED MACHINERY FOR WINDING AND TWISTING FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as
follows:-
'This Invention consists of certain new mechanical arrangements, embodying
in one machine the operations of a throstle and a mule; it further consists in
giving to the wing or flyer and the receiver independent movements, so as to
reduce the size and weight thereof; to effect this I suppress the bobbin and
effect the winding on by means of a rod or spindle of smali dimensions; I
make use of a wing or flyer not carried by the aforesaid rod or spindle, but by
a fixed support; I also propose to impart to the aforesaid rod or spindle a
differential motion and movable rod or spindle supporters and a system of
clockwork for imparting direct to the thread or filament a convenient form for
winding into skeins or forming into cops for weaving from. The twisting
operation it is proposed to effect by means of a wing or flyer, having an
independent motion to that of the rod or spindle connected therewith; I also
[Price 8d.1

page_text: connect the wings or arms of the flyer together by a ring of metal to prevent
vibration thereof. The thread or filament to be twisted and wound passes
through the axis of motion of the flyer, which is made hollow.
SPECIFICATION
in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, med
by the said Louis Boigeol in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th
December 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LOUIS
BOIGEOL, of Giromagny, near Belfors, Town in the French Empire, Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Louis Boigeol, Her special licence that I, the said Louis Boigeol, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Louis Boigeol, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-
PROVED MACHINERY FOR WINDING AND TWISTING FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Louis Boigeol, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Louis Boigeol, do hereby declare
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention consists of certain new mechanical arrangements embodying
ir. one machine the operations of a throstle and a mule; it further consists of
giving to the wing or flyer and the receiver independent movements, so as to
reduce the size and weight thereof; to effect this I suppress the bobbin, and

page_text: effect the winding on by means of a rod or spindle of small dimensions; I
make use of a wing or flyer, not carried by the aforesaid rod or spindle, but by
a fixed support. I also propose to impart to the aforesaid rod or spindle a
differential motion and moveable rod or spindle supporters, and a system of
clockwork for imparting direct to the thread or filament a convenient form for
winding into skeins or forming into cops for weaving from.
The twisting
operation it is proposed to effect by means of a wing or flyer, having an
independent motion to that of the rod or spindle connected therewith. 1 also
connect the wings or arms of the flyer together by a ring of metal to prevent
vibration thereof. The thread or filament to be twisted and wound passes
through the axis of motion of the flyer, which is made hollow.
I would here observe, that in ordinary frame-spinning machinery the twist-
ing is performed by flyer placed on a spindle, which traverses the hollow
axis of a bobbin on which the twisted thread is wound. The flyer only is
regulated, and it is the thread which causes the bobbin to rotate. In such
machinery, if moved at a certain speed, the spindle and flyer are subject to
great vibration, the winding action produced by the tension of the thread is
irregular, and the thread being overstrained, loses its elastic quality or breaks.
To remedy these defects, and to construct a spinning frame uniting the adyan-
tages of the frame spinning and the mule jenny, 1 have sought to give the
flyer and bobbin independant movements, and to reduce the weight of these
parts of the machinery. To attain this end dispense with the bobbin, and
substitute in lieu thereof a system of winding suitable for a spindle of small
dimensions, with a flyer easily regulated, and carried not by the spindle, but
by a fixed bearing.
My improved frame comprises the following combinations, namely, winding
and twisting; the winding combination consists of a system of direct winding
without an intermediate receiver or bobbin having its own peculiar motion on
a solid spindle. Application of the differential movement to the rotatory
motion of the spindle, moveable spindle carriers, use of a system of clockwork,
by which the thread is wound in the form suitable for warping and weaving
purposes.
As regards the twisting combination; the twist is given to the thread by a
flyer having a separate and independant motion from that of the spindle. The
form of the flyer is novel, its carrier is fixed. These combinations of winding
and twisting of the thread are applicable to all filamentous substances required
to undergo these operations. With reference to the winding; the spindle being
the winding organ rotates at variable speeds regulated by a combination of
differential motion. The spindle carrier, instead of being fixed, has a vertical

page_text: and alternating motion which allows the spirals of the thread to range them-
selves beside each other as they are formed. The speed of the vertical and
alternating motion varies in an inverse ratio to the diameter of the bobbin.
The variety of form given to the bobbin, for example, to form a cop is produced
by the before mentioned system of clockwork which interrupts or
arrests at the proper moment the running out of the carriage. The
mechanism is so arranged as to allow of this run being shortened at each inter-
ruption; the result is a bobbin or cop of a cylindrical form terminating in two
conical parts nearly synimetrical.
With reference to the twisting. The flyer consists of a hollow cylinder
carrying two solid and out spread branches or arms which may be connected
together by a hoop or band. The thread enters and leaves through the rotat-
ing axis instead of leaving by the side as in the ordinary flyers. A tumbler
or pinion keyed on the cylindrical axis of the flyer imparts motion thereto.
The aforesaid flyer is susceptible of two forms of construction.
In the first form see Figure 1 of Drawings annexed, the cylindrical portion
is a shaft or spindle o, o', with a base or collar m', which admits of the flyer
resting on the flat band H', which also serves as a bearing at g', g'; y' is the
tumbler or pinion; x, x¹, the arms of the flyer; i, the hoop or band for con-
necting them together, if necessary, to prevent vibration.
In the second form (see Figure 2) the cylindrical shaft of the flyer o is sup-
ported at m, by a fixed tube b, which passes through the band H, and acts as
a support at m, and as a bearing at to the spindle or shaft o' of the
flyer o, o, the arms of which are represented at x, x¹. I prefer this second
form of flyer, and have adopted it in the frame for which the present Patent
is sought. The independent motion of the spindle and flyer may be obtained
by means of the flyer with reversed branches or arms (see Figures 3 and 4),
but as this arrangement has not yet been used in conjunction with the whole
of the system upon which this Invention is based; the combination is simply
mentioned as being applicable for the purposes of this Invention. Figure 5 is
a front view of my improved frame; Figure 6 an end view thereof, and Figure 7
an end view of the opposite side to that last mentioned. a is the feed bobbin
carrying the coarse yarn; b, the drawing cylinders; c, the flyers for giving
the twist, same being driven at a constant rotating speed (independent of
that of the spindle) by the cords c, c', c", passing over the drum c¹, actuated
by the main shaft. Instead of cords, gearing may be employed; d, spindles
driven at varying rotatory speeds resulting from a differential motion. The
spindles receive the thread direct as in the intermittent spinning frame; they
are mounted on a carriage H, which has an alternating vertical motion ren-

page_text: dered variable by means of the rack o, the pinion K, the straight wheels 6, 7,
8, 9, 10, the bevil wheels D, D', D", the cones h, h¹, and clock-work A;
e, el, el, small bands passing over the tumbler of the spindle, and receiving
motion from the drum e, or instead of these said bands, gearing may be
employed: e, a drum to which rotatory motion is given by the differential
This
wheels g. g. ", " through the medium of the universal joint f.
drum is mounted on the carriage H, and partakes of its alternating vertical
movement. The wheel of the differential motion has a varying rate of
speed imparted to it by the cones h, h¹, through the agency of a series of
wheels 1, 2. 3, 4, 5. The strap is thrown on to the cones and h' by the
click A of the rod V, acting on the pawls or hooks 7 of the ratchett fixed on
the shaft 13, which being acted on by the weight K, turns whenever the pawl
does not hold fast the ratchet; the shaft 13 also by means of the pinion 14
gives a shifting motion to the rack R, carrying with it the strap bearer C,
The conical form of the bobbin is obtained by decreasing the run of the
carriage H, by means of a rod T, moving in a slide V'; this rod regulates the
stop of the clockwork A at intervals, which shorten in the same proportion as
the run of the roller in the slide V' shortens. A backward and forward motion
produced by the clockwork A causes first one and then the other of the
wheels D, D', to take into the pinion D", and by these means the alternating
motion of variable duration is produced. The roller N moves in the slide V¹
in consequence of its being connected with the pinion 17 keyed on to the ver-
tical shaft 13 by a jointed connecting rod I, and a rack.
Figures 5, 6, and 7 shew the manner in which the strap is thrown on to
the cones h and h', and the roller N in the slide V₁. A ratchet and pawls pro-
duce an intermittent motion; I prefer, however, working these two last men-
tioned parts of the machinery by means of a continuous motion which will be
understood by reference to Figures 8 and 9; Figure 8 is an end view of the
frame; Fig. 9 is a plan on the line R, S, of Figure 8; B is a screw placed
between the two cones; this screw is connected by the wheels 20, 21, and 22
with an endless screw placed on the lower cone. A screw plate carrying the
strap guide travels the entire length which the band or strap has to run on the
cones. The same continuous motion is given by the pinions 30, 31, 32, 33,
34, and 35, to the racks 40 and 41, which are connected with the rollers H, H',
moving in slides p and p'; each of these is connected with one of the arms
A, A', of the clockwork which regulates the speed of the carriage; these arms
are not as in the before described arrangement dependent on each other; each
has a roller which admits of both having a separate motion.
The object of this arrangement which allows the speed of the rollers in the

page_text: slides, and the position of the slides themselves to be varied is to form the cop
with ends of different shapes as desired.
Having now fully described and set forth the nature and object of my said
Invention of improved machinery for winding and twisting fibrous materials."
together with the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the same
into practical effect, I hereby declare the Invention to consist in, and I claim
as follows:-
First, the mechanism marked A at the Drawings, and the mode of operating
therewith for governing the run of the carriage for reversing the direction of
the movement thereof as above described.
Secondly, with reference to the spinning frame, I claim the direct winding
action upon a solid spindle, the rotary movement whereof is obtained by a
differential motion, as above described.
Thirdly, the alternating and vertical movement of the spindle carriers for the
purpose of laying the spirals or coils of the thread side by side upon the spindle
around which they are wound, as above described.
Fourthly, twisting the thread by means of a flyer distinct from the spindle,
and having an independent motion; also the novel form of the flyer, as exhi-
bited at Figures 1 and 2.
Fifthly and lastly, I claim the general combination and arrangement of the
parts above described and represented as constituting improved machinery for
winding and twisting fibrous materials in the preparatory operations of
spinning.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis Boigeol, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
CH. ARMENGAND, Jo,
23, Boulevd de Strasbourg,
a Paris.
LOUIS BOIGEOL. (L.S.)