IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
A communication from abroad by John Heberling, of Mount Pleasant, Jefferson
County, Ohio, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd April 1880.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors
of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES." A communication from abroad by
John Heberling, of Mount Pleasant, Jefferson County, Ohio, United States of
America.
The Invention relates to that class of sewing machines known as running stitch
sewing machines, and consists, first, in the application of a series of cog wheels or
pinions, and a pinion or feed wheel for crimping and feeding the fabric on to the
point of the needle, several or all of said wheels being provided with one or more
circunferencial grooves for one or more bent needles, the latter being so arranged
that their points come near the centre of the feed pinion, and the grooves of the
said wheels being sufficiently deep to form a smooth cylindrical surface at their
bottoms.
Also in the construction of devices for attaching and detaching the largest or
driving pinion to and from its shaft, which may consist of a spindle forming a con-
tinuation of the driving shaft, which is inade hollow for receiving one end of the
spindle which carries at the other extremity the driving pinion, the hollow part of
the driving shaft being provided with a helical spring and a slot (parallel to its
axis) and a set screw for fixing the spindle in the driving shaft.
Also in making two or more of the said grooved pinions gear together with
unequal pitch, the pitch of cach separate pinion decreasing from the driver to the
point of exit of the goods in order to prevent a too strong binding or clipping of the
goods between the teeth of the wheels.
Also in placing the driving pinion directly on the main driving shaft of the
machine, and making it gear with a feed pinion and one of several intermeshing
pinions of unequal pitch.
Also in placing before the grooved pinions and bent needles an adjustable yielding
smoother, which may consist of a plain or serrated bent plate, or of wires or rollers,
&c., over which the fabric passes to the feed pinion; also in applying an adjustable.
guide for goods passing to the feed pinion, which guide may have the shape of an
L attached with one arm to the head of the machine by a set screw, so that its
other arm can be approached to or removed from the pinions, and thus set in or out
of use.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th
September 1880.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors
of Patents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES." A communication from abroad by
John Heberling, of Mount Pleasant, Jefferson County, Ohio, United States of
America.
The Invention relates to that class-of-sewing machines known as running stitch
sewing machines, and it consists, 1st, in the combination of a series of grooved--1
cog wheels or pinions, one or more bent needles, and a grooved pinion or feed-wheel
for crimping and feeding the goods on to the point of the needle, the needle being
arranged to have its point come near the centre of the feed pinion, and the grooves
on said pinion cut down to form smooth cylindrical surfaces at their bottoms; 2nd,
in the construction of devices for attaching and detaching the largest or driving
pinion to and from its shaft; 3rd, in two or more intermeshing pinions or cogged-
wheels made of unequal pitch, the pitch of each separato pinion decreasing from the
driver to the point of exit of the goods; 4th, in the combination of the under front
cog-wheel receiving its motion directly from the driving mechanism, the feed pinion,
and two or more intermeshing pinions of unequal pitch; 5th, in the combination of
the under front cog-wheel, a driving mechanism connected directly with said wheel,
a feed pinion, one or more bent needles, and two or more intermeshing pinions of
unequal size; 6th, in the combination with the grooved intermeshing pinions and
bent needles of an adjustable yielding smoother and a spring-plate, all as herein-
after more fully set forth.
In the Drawing Figure 1 is a front clevation of a running stitch sewing machine
embodying the Invention; Figure 2 is an end view of the same; Figures 3, 4, and
5 are detailed views of the cogged wheels or pinions; Figure G is a detailed section
showing the mode of attaching the main wheel; Figure 7 is a detailed view of the
smoother; Figure 8 shows a modification.
A represents the base of the machine supporting the table B, and provided with
the arm C, which has a head D at its end above the table. Through the vertical
portion of the arm C is passed a short shaft a, which carries on its outer end a
wheel E for operating the machine, said wheel being provided with a crank or with
a circumferential groove for the passage of a belt or cord so as to operate the machine
by hand or treadle-power as desired.
On the inner end of the shaft a is a pinion b which meshes with an internal
gear wheel F on a horizontal shaft G. This shaft passes under the table B, and
has its bearing in the base. This end of the shaft G is bored out longitudinally
for a suitable distance, and in the same is inserted the spindle I. A spiral spring d
is placed behind the inner end of the spindle, and the outer end of the spindle is
made square or otherwise, so as to receive tho largo cog-wheel H, and cause the
same to rotate with the spindle. In the shaft G is a slot e, through which a knob f
on the spindle is caused to project; this causes the spindle to rotate with the shaft,
said spindle being in fact only an extension of the shaft, and the spindle can, by
means of said knob, be pushed inward for attaching and detaching the cog-wheel H.
This cog-wheel projects through a slot above the upper surface of the table B.
Above and in rear of the cog-wheel H is the cogged pinion mounted in suitable
studs in the table.
In the head D is a slide J, which is fastened by means of a set screw K, and
carries at its lower end the cogged pinions, ³, and cogged feed pinion h. In
operation the large wheel H drives the two pinions h, h; ' drives h²; and h
drives h³. The cog-wheel H and the various pinions are all formed with one, two,

page_text: or more circumferential grooves 8, 8, to receive the bent needles t. These needles
are bent to fit over the pinion ³, their forward ends resting on the wheel H. When
the slido J is lowered the pinion 3 holds down the eye-ends of the needles, which
project beyond said pinion. The pinion ' holds down the needles on the opposite
side of the pinion h2, while the pinion h is directly over the points of the needles,
and acts as a foed-wheel to crimp and feed the goods on to the points of the needles.
The grooves & in this lattor pinion or feed wheel h are cut down sufficiently to
form continuous cylindrical surfaces at the bottoms of said grooves, thus giving a
smooth path or track for the point of each needle, so that under no circumstances
can the needle-points catch during the operation of the machine.
In this class of machines it has been found by experience that certain goods
become more or less injured owing to the way in which the cogged wheels or
pinions meshed together. I obviate this difficulty so that almost overy class or
texture of goods or fabrics will be perfectly uninjured in passing through the
machine, and the stitches will appear exactly the same as if made carefully by
hand; and this is accomplished by the following means:-The three pinions h¹, h², h³,
are made of the same diameter, but the spaces between the ends of their cogs are
diminished in size in a certain ratio from the side of the feed to the other side.
The pinion h' is made, for instance, with six cogs; the pinion ³ with seven, and
the pinion has eight cogs; these pinions being of equal diameter, as stated, it
follows that the increased number of cogs diminishes the size of the spacos between
then. In other words the pitch of the pinions is changed, the pitch of each
separate pinion decreasing from the driver towards the point where the goods pass
out of the machine.
Instead of increasing the number of cogs of the pinions the same object may be
accomplished by making said pinions of unequal diameter, and with the same
number of cogs, that is to say, should be smaller than ¹, and h³ smaller than h³.
This inequality in diameter will, of course, diminish the size of the spaces between
the ends of the cogs in the different pinions in the direction of the feed, or change
the pitch, and will accomplish the same result in preventing injury to the goods.
In machines of this class as heretofore made these pinions were of equal diameter,
and had an equal number of cogs; or of unequal diameter with an unequal number
of coga. The driving power was also transmitted through one of the small pinions
first. By such arrangement the meshing of the cogs in the crimping of the goods
made a binding at the point of the cogs, as is usual in systems of cog-gearing.
This binding at the point caused a draw of the goods, and as the cogs meshed
deeper the binding increased, and thus injured the goods, and frequently mutilated
a certain class of textures. By my system of gearing a space is left between the
points of the engaging gear-teeth sufficient to allow of the passage of the cloth
between said points without binding. The cogs do bind, however, at a sufficient
distance below the points of the gear wheels to hold the goods firmly as they are
moved up on the needles, but not high enough up to make a strain upon the goods
sufficient to mutilate the same.
In the practical working of this class of machines I have also found that it is
necessary to provide some means for spreading, smoothing, or evening the goods
before they pass into the machine. L represents such smoother, which is formed
with a spring shank M that passes down through a slot in the table B, and is
placed over a bolt in the undersido thereof; a set-nut N is then screwed on the end
of the bolt, whereby the smoother may be adjusted up or down as required. The
smoother L is located in front of the pinion h so that the goods must pass over the
same and then turn down to enter between the wheels, and the smoother being
attached to or formed with a spring-shank it will yield to any unevenness in the
thickness of the goods; directly opposite the smoother L on the side of the slide J
is attached a spring plate P which aids in smoothing and evening the goods, the
fabric passing over the one and under the other before reaching the needles and
entering the machine. It is evident that various modifications in the form or
construction of the smoother may be made without departing from the spirit of my

page_text: Invention, as, for instance, the face of the smoother may be made serrated, as shown
in Figure 7, or wires may be used, or rollers arranged, as shown in Figure 8, for
the goods to pass between before entering the machine, all answering, however, the
purpose of smoothing and evening the goods.
Through the head D is passed an L-shaped arm O with a foot R at its lower end
to act as a guide. This guide is adjustable to and from the wheels and fastened
by a set screw S; when not desired for use it can be thrown upward out of the
way.
What I claim as my Invention is as follows:-
1st. In a running stitch sowing machine the combination of a series of grooved
cogwheels or pinions, one-or-more bent. needles, and a grooved pinion or feed
wheel h for crimping and feeding the goods on to the point of tho needle; the-needle-
being arranged to have its point come near the centre of the feed-pinion, and the
grooves on said pinion being cut down to form smooth cylindrical surfaces at their
bottoms, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
2nd. The combination of the driving shaft G, bored as described, and provided
with the slot e, the spindle I provided with the knob f, the spring d, and wheel H,
substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
3rd. In a running stitch sewing machine of the character herein described, two
or more intermeshing cogged-wheels or pinions made of unequal pitch, the pitch of
cach separate pinion decreasing from the driver to the point of exit of the goods,
substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
4th. In a running stitch sewing-machine of the character herein described, tho
combination of the under front cog-wheel H, receiving its motion directly from-the-
driving mechanism, the feed pinion h, and two or more intermeshing pinions h¹, h²,
of unequal pitch, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
5th. In a running stitch sewing machine of the character herein described, the
combination of the under front cog-wheel H, a driving mechanism connected
directly with said wheel, the feed-pinion h, one or more bent needles, and two
or more intermeshing pinions h, 2, of unequal pitch, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
6th. The combination with the intermeshing pinions and bent needles of an
adjustable yielding smoother and a spring-plate, constructed and arranged sub-
stantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Twenty ninth day of September, A.D. 1880.
IT JHADDAN
1501