Improvements in or relating to Joints for Frames for Cycles and other Vehicles and for Tubular Structures generally.
Year: 1896

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stands after
Amendment (under Section 11 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883) as required by
the decision of the Chief Examiner of the 5th day of March 1898.
Date of Application, 7th Nov., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Sept., 1897-Accepted, 16th Oct., 1897
Improvements in or relating to Joints for Frames for Cycles and other
Vehicles and for Tubular Structures generally.
We, FREDERICK EASOм, Engineer, of 53, City Road, Beeston, in the County of
Nottingham, and HENRY BELCHER, General Manager, of Messrs. Humber & Co.,
Ltd., Beeston, in the County of Nottingham, and FREDERICK WESTWOOD, of Aitken
Chambers, Cannon Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to joints for tubular structures of various kinds including
cycles and auto-cars and may be carried out in the following manner, the chief
object being to dispense with the brazing now commonly used in making tubular
joints.
In carrying out the invention lugs of substantially ordinary construction may
be employed and into these the ends of the tubes are placed and are enlarged
inside the lug in the following manner.
The end of the tube is split and in one method of carrying out the invention
nuts or equivalent are formed upon or secured to the inside of the tube or they
may even be detached from it, but we prefer them to be secured. Into these nuts
are screwed from opposite sides headed screws, with suitable washers or equivalent
means of obtaining a fair bearing upon the lug, the result being that the divided
ends of the tube are drawn upwards into tight contact with the interior of the
lug, thus forming a secure joint between the two. The hole in the lug is prefer-
ably tapered so as to be smaller at the outside and larger inside at that portion
into which the tube is opened by the operation of the screws.
In a modified form similar results are obtained, the tube being split and
opened out inside the tapered bore of the lug as before, but instead of employing
separate screws we employ a tapered cotter pin with a nut at one end to draw it
up. The tapered pin passes through a corresponding tapered hole formed by a
split tube or two half tubes secured to the inside of the tube to be expanded so that
as the cotter pin is pulled by the nut it spreads apart the split tube or equivalent
which take with them the two divided parts of the frame tube forcing them apart
inside the lug as before. The two parts of the split tube or tapered bush may be
secured to the tube in any desired manner even brazing being employed if necessary
though on account of the high temperature required for brazing, we prefer to avoid
that where possible. The ends of the bush pieces may be carried through the wall
of the split tube and secured there by rivetting sweating brazing or the like. Or
the ends may be serrated so as to engage with the tube.
Should the bushes not be strong enough they may be supported by studs, hollow
or solid projecting from their centres and engaging with the interior of the tube.

page_text: Into these studs small screwed rivets or equivalent may be passed so as to hold
the bushes inside the divided tube with or without soldering.
J
:
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in or relating to Joints for Frames for Cycles and other
Vehicles and for Tubular Structures generally.
We, FREDERICK EASOM, Engineer, of 53, City Road, Beeston, in the County of
Nottingham, and HENRY BELCHER, General Manager, of Messrs. Humber & Co.,
Ltd., Beeston, in the County of Nottingham, and FREDERICK WESTWOOD, of Aitken
Chambers, Cannon Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to joints for tubular structures of various kinds including
cycles and auto-cars and may be carried out in the following manner, the chief
object being to dispense with the brazing now commonly used in making tubular
joints.
In carrying out the invention lugs of substantially ordinary construction may
be employed and into these the ends of the tubes are placed and are enlarged
inside the lug in the following manner.
The end of the tube is split and in one method of carrying out the invention
nuts or equivalent are formed upon or secured to the inside of the tube or they
may even be detached from it, but we prefer them to be secured. Into these nuts
are screwed from opposite sides headed screws, with suitable washers or equivalent
means of obtaining a fair bearing upon the lug, the result being that the divided
ends of the tube are drawn outwards into tight contact with the interior of the
lug, thus forming a secure joint between the two. The hole in the lug is prefer-
ably tapered so as to be smaller at the outside and larger inside at that portion
into which the tube is opened by the operation of the screws.
In a modified form similar results are obtained, the tube being split and
opened out inside the tapered bore of the lug as before, but instead of employing
separate screws we employ a tapered cotter pin with a nut at one end to draw it
up. The tapered pin passes through a corresponding tapered hole formed by a
split tube or two half tubes secured to the inside of the tube to be expanded so that
as, the cotter pin is pulled by the nut it spreads apart the split tube or equivalent
which take with them the two divided parts of the frame tube forcing them apart
inside the lug as before. The two parts of the split tube or tapered bush may be
secured to the tube in any desired manner even brazing being employed if necessary
thougli on account of the high temperature required for brazing, we prefer to avoid
that where possible: The ends of the bush pieces may be carried through the wall
of the split tube and secured there by rivetting sweating brazing or the like. Or
the ends may be serrated so as to engage with the tube.
Should the bushes not be strong enough they may be supported by studs hollow
or. solid projecting from their centres and engaging with the interior of the tube.
Into these studs small screwed rivets or equivalent may be passed so as to hold
the bushes inside the divided tube with or without soldering.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of one form of the improved joint.

page_text: Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a modification.
Fig. 4 is a part sectional plan of the same.
Fig. 5 is a part sectional plan of a further modification.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
The lug A has a transverse hole bored through it. The end of the tube B is
split as at B and provided inside with short tubes or nuts C which are internally
screw-threaded. Screws D are passed through the lug A and screwed into the
nuts C, washers E or corresponding flat surfaces being arranged on the sides of
the lug A in order to provide bearing surfaces for the heads of the screws D. By
tightening up the latter the two halves of the end of the tube B are expanded or
drawn apart and caused to closely grip the interior surface of the lug A. In the
construction illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 the end of the tube B is provided with a
transverse supporting tube F, a saw-cut being made in the end of the tube Bas
at B' so as to slit the tube F longitudinally into two halves. The tube F is
formed slightly taper, and a tapered bolt G is passed through the lug A and through
the supporting tube, a nut H enabling it to be drawn up in such a manner as to
expand the ends of the tube 13 within the lug. Feathers G¹ on the head of the
bolt G engage with slots or recesses cut in the lug A and prevent the bolt from
turning when the nut H is tightened up. A washer E or flat surface formed upon
the lug A ensures a good bearing surface for the nut H. The nuts C or transverse
tube in the respective constructions may either be brazed or otherwise attached
to the interior of the tube B or may be carried by a separate liner or bush Bas
in the examples shown in the drawings, the bush being simply placed in the end
of the tube B and secured or not as found convenient. In place of the nuts C a
solid plug divided so as to form two internally screw-threaded blocks may take the
place of the nuts or short tubes C. If desired the ends of the tube B may be
thickened and either enlarged or reduced as found convenient.
If preferred we may form a tubular wedge in the place of the solid wedge G.
It is obvious that with the joints arranged in the above described manner, the
parts may be detached and put together without difficulty, but we may make a
permanent joint by employing a tubular tapered wedge as shown at G in Fig. 5,
and expanding the small end thereof after it has been placed in position as shown
at G in Fig 5 thus preventing its withdrawal.
The several methods of jointing tubes described above are particularly suitable
for use with aluminium tubes, bushes or liners and also the transverse supporting
tubes being preferably constructed of steel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. In a tubular joint the combination with a lug A of a tube B with split end,
nuts such as C and screws D for expanding the tube B within the lug substantially
as described.
2. In a tubular joint the combination with a lug A of a tube B with split end
and a longitudinally split transverse supporting tube such as F in the end of the
tube B and a tapered bolt or wedge passing through the lug and transverse tube
so as to expand the end of the tube B within the lug substantially as described.
3. Uniting a lug and tube with split end by drawing apart the split portions
of the latter within the lug by means of screws engaging with nuts within the
divided end of the tube.
4. In a tubular joint the employment of a split tube or liner which is expanded
inside the frame tube and grips the latter between itself and the lug substantially
as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
5. In a tubular joint the combination of a split liner such as B2 with transverse
divided tube F split frame tube B tapered bolt or wedge G and lug A, substantially
as described and illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 6. In a tubular joint the combination with a split liner such as 132 with threaded
nuts C screws D and lug A substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 2
of the accompanying drawings.
7. In a tubular joint such as described the employment of a tapered tubular
wedge such as G the smaller end of which is expanded after the wedge is inserted
substantially as described.
8. The complete tubular joint substantially as described and illustrated in
Figures 1 and 2 or Figures 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated th: 1
1007
F. EASOM.
H. BELCHER
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicants.