IMPROVEMENTS IN LIGHTING AND HEATING
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur John Joyce, of Cambridge Terrace, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LIGHTING AND HEATING."
Sealed the 25th November 1862, and dated the 9th June 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur John Joyce at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th June 1862.
I, ARTHUR JOHN JOYCE, of Cambridge Terrace, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN LIGHTING AND HEATING," to be as follows:-
My Inventionconsistsinenclosing or encasinglamps, furnaces,andapparatus
for effecting combustion, whether for the purposes of lighting or heating in a
chamber, case, or vessel, containing and supplied with compressed air, and
furnished with ingress and egress valves for allowing of the introduction of
fresh compressed air, and of the escape of such portions of the compressed air
as may be necessary. I place the ingress valves, by preference, at bottom,
and the egress valves at top, and weight them according to the pressure
required to be maintained.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Arthur John Joyce in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 9th December 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARTHUR
JOHN JOYCE, of Cambridge Terrace, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Arthur John Joyce, Her special licence that I, the said
Arthur John Joyce, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Arthur John Joyce, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LIGHTING AND HEATING," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Arthur John Joyce, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arthur John Joyce, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
MyInvention consists in enclosingor encasing lamps, furnaces, and apparatus
for effecting combustion, whether for the purposes of lighting or heating in a
chamber, case, or vessel, containing and supplied with compressed air and
furnished with ingress and egress valves for allowing of the introduction of
fresh compressed air, and of the escape of such portions of the compressed air
as may be necessary. I place the ingress valves, by preference, at bottom,
and the egress valves at top, but always under such conditions that the
compressed air shall pass first through the fuel to feed its combustion, and

page_text: afterwards through, round,or over the ores,crucibles, boilers, or other matters
that have to be heated, finally escaping by transit through a water cistern, and
I weight them according to the pressure required to be maintained.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a section of a melting and
forging furnace, shewing the manner in which I carry my Invention into
effect.
a is a pipe by which compressed air is introduced to the furnace; itis placed,
by preference, at the bottom thereof as shown, leading into the ash-pit b, of
the fire-place c; d is a melting pot set directly over the fire, and e is an
aperture for the reception of a second melting pot; f,f, are apertures for
receiving bars to be heated for forging, welding, or otherwise, and welded; gis a
steam boiler, and h is a pipe leading from the flue i to a cistern k, which
latter is fitted at bottom with a blow-off cock l, and at top with a pipe m,
through which the air finally escapes to the atmosphere.
The compressed air admitted by the pipe a circulates through the furnace
as indicated by the arrows in its course passing through the fire, round the
melting pot and apertures for receiving the metal bars into the pipe h, and
thence to the bottom of the cistern ; the water in which separates allmatters
held in suspension in the compressed air, which escapes by the pipe m, its
exit being regulated by a tap or valve n fitted thereto.
Figure 2 shows my improvements applied to a goldsmith's furnace. The
compressed air is admitted and allowed to circulate through the furnace as
before, and as shown by the arrows. Similar letters of reference refer to like parts
in so far as those parts correspond with one another. The furnace is fed with
fuel through a hopper o, the admission of which is regulated by a valve p;
q is an oven for the crucible, and r is an aperture for receiving articles to be
reheated.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of a reverberatory furnace with myimprove-
ments applied. In this case the whole of the furnace is surrounded by a
chamber s for containing compressed air which passes from thence through
the furnace into the hearth t, and cistern k, as before described.
Figure 4 shews my Invention applied to a melting furnace, wherein vis
the crucible. The furnace is surrounded byan air-tight chamber s,as described
with reference to Figure 3.
Figure 5 shews my Invention applied to a lamp. a is the vessel for.
containing the compressed air led thereto by a pipe b. The air circulates
within the vessel a,round the burner and up the chimney, as indicated by the
arrows, and escapes by the pipe c to the water cistern as before described.
Figure 6 is a section of a boiling and evaporating apparatus with my

page_text: improvements applied to it. c is the fire-place; k, k, are the water cisterns
his the tube through which air from the furnaces passes down to near the
bottom of the cistern; m is the tube by which the condensed air escapes
the atmosphere; w, w, are boiling or evaporating pans,open to the air above,
with flanges fitting air-tight over apertures in which the heated air is free
to circulate; is a pan for operations requiring gentle heat; y is a steam
boiler.
Figure 7 shows my Invention applied to the boiler of a steam engine. sis.
the air tight chamber surrounding the boiler z; cis the fire-place, and i is
a flue through which air circulates to the pipe h, and is thence led to the
cisternas before.
Although I have only described my Invention as applied to furnaces, lamps,
and boilers, yet it is equally applicable to all apparatuses used for lighting or
heating.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my improve-
ments in lighting and heating, enclosing or encasing lamps, furnaces, and
other apparatus for heating in vessels or chambers containing compressed air,
substantially in manner and for the purposes herein-before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur John Joyce, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of December, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-two.
ARTHUR J. JOYCE. (L.S.)