гошод CASSIO aps, and in means for Securing the same in Cartridges for Ordnance and Machine Guns.
Year: 1886

page_text: гошод
CASSIO aps, and in means for Securing the
same in Cartridges for Ordnance and Machine Guns.
1, WILHELM LORENZ, of Carlsruhe in the Grand Duchy of Baden, Germany,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has inainly for its object to obviate the danger of accidental ignition
of percussion caps owing to the necessity, under the existing system of firing, of
making the base of the cap thin and easily pliable so that it may be sufficiently
indented for firing the cartridge by means of a moderate blow of the striker.
. According to my present invention I make the base of the percussion cap of
considerable thickness; so that it would require a blow of considerable force to indent
it for firing in the ordinary manner, and I so arrange the cap or a capsule containing
the same, and the cap chamber of the cartridge, that while the percussion cap is held
securely by spring action in the cap chamber before firing, a moderate blow from the
striker of the gun will drive it, or the capsule containing it, forward in the cap
chamber so as to bring the charge of the cap in contact with the anvil.
Various arrangements may be employed for securing the percussion cap or its
capsule in the cap chamber, so as to act according to the above described method ;
thus according to one arrangement the front edge of the cap or of the capsule
containing the same is formed with slits or notches and the slit or notched parts are
bent slightly outwards so that when the cap or capsule is pushed into the cap chamber
of the cartridge, such parts will press with spring action against the sides of the cap
chamber, which may be slightly enlarged, so that in addition to the frictional contact,
the cap
also held in position by springing into the enlargement, as described in the
Specification to C. D. Abel's application for Letters Patent No. 9323 of 1886 (being a
communication from me). The cap chamber extends forwards beyond the edge of
the cap or capsule to the extent required for the motion of the latter, and is made to
curve or slant slightly inwards from that point, so that when the cap or capsule is
struck with a moderate blow from the striker, it will be forced inwards in the cap
chamber, the notched parts of the cap or capsule being thereby bent inwards against
the curved part of the cap chamber, while the charge of the cap is at the same time
brought in contact with the anvil.

page_text: The slitting or notching of the cap or its capsule may either be in a direction
parallel with the axis, or it may consist of only three or more angular incisions on
the edge.
Or in place of slitting the cap or its capsule, these may be made slightly oval in
shape at their inner ends, the larger diameter of the oval being slightly in excess of
the diameter of the cap chamber, so that when pushed in, the cap or capsule will fit
the latter with a spring action due to the compression of the oval.
When a capsule is employed in combination with the cap, the former may either
fit the cap chamber with spring action as above described, in which case the percussion
cap is securely fixed in it, or it may be provided with an external screw thread
screwing into a female screw thread in the cap chamber, in which case the cap itself
is provided with the above described means for fitting with spring action in the
capsule so as to be pushed forward in the same on firing.
In this latter case the capsule is open at its rear end, which may or may not have
an overhanging lip for retaining the percussion cap.
Or, again, the percussion cap may be fixed in the capsule which fits with the said
spring action into a second capsule, this being screwed into the cap chamber or itself
constituting the cap chamber, and which is open at the rear end, the inner capsule
being closed.
In all the above arrangements, the removal of the percussion cap or of its capsule
from the cap chamber may be effected by means of a key, fitting with a claw beneath
an oval overhanging lip formed either on a projecting rim on the circumference of the
base of the cap or capsule, or on a central projection or head formed thereon.
Or when a screw arrangement is employed the screw may be removed by a key
applied to suitable holes or projections in or on the head of the screw.
Dated this 11th day of November 1886.
ABEL & IMRAY,
28, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Percussion Caps, and in Means for Securing the
same in Cartridges for Ordnance and Machine Guns.
I, WILHELM LORENZ of Carlsruhe in the Grand Duchy of Baden, Germany,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention has mainly for its object to obviate the danger of accidental ignition
of percussion caps owing to the necessity, under the existing system of firing, of
making the base of the cap thin and easily pliable so that it may be sufficiently
indented for firing the cartridge by means of a moderato blow of the striker.
According to my present invention I make the base of the percussion cap of
considerable thickness so that it would require a blow of considerable force to indent
it for firing in the ordinary manner and I so arrange the cap or a capsule containing
the same, and the cap chamber of the cartridge, that while the percussion cap is held
securely by spring action in the cap chamber before firing, a moderate blow from the
striker of the gun will drive it, or the capsule containing it, forward, in the cap
chamber so as to bring the charge of the cap in contact with the anvil.
Various arrangements may be employed for securing the percussion cap or its
capsule in the cap chamber so as to act according to the above described method;
thus according to one arrangement the front edge of the cap or of the capsule
containing the same is formed with slits or notches and the slit or notched parts are
bent slightly outwards so that when the cap or capsule is pushed into the cap chamber
of the cartridge, such parts will press with spring action against the sides of the cap
chamber, which may be slightly enlarged, so that in addition to the frictional contact,
the cap is also held in position by springing into the enlargement, as described in the
Specification to C. D. Abel's application for Letters Patent No. 9323 of 1886 (being
a communication from me). The cap chamber extends forwards beyond the edge of
the cap or capsule to the extent required for the motion of the latter and is made to
curve or slant slightly inwards from that point, so that when the cap or capsule is
struck with a moderate blow from the striker, it will be forced inwards in the cap
chamber, the notched parts of the cap or capsule being thereby bent inwards against
the curved part of the cap chamber while the charge of the cap is at the same time
brought in contact with the anvil. The slitting or notching of the cap or its capsule
may either be in a direction parallel with the axis, or it may consist of only three or
more angular incisions on the edge.
Or in place of slitting the cap or its capsule, these may be made slightly oval in
shape at their inner ends, the larger diameter of the oval being slightly in excess of
the diameter of the cap chamber, so that when pushed in, the cap or capsule will fit
the latter with a spring action due to the compression of the oval,

page_text: When a capsule is employed in combination with the cap, the former may either
fit the cap chamber with spring action as above described, in which case the percussion
cap is securely fixed in it, or it may be provided with an external screw thread
screwing into a female screw thread in the cap chamber, in which case the cap itself
is provided with the above described means for fitting with spring action in the
capsule so as to be pushed forward in the same on firing.
In this latter case the capsule is open at its rear end, which may or may not have
an overhanging lip for retaining the percussion cap.
Or, again, the percussion cap may be fixed in the capsule which fits with the said
spring action into a second capsule, this being screwed into the cap chamber, or itself
constituting the cap chamber, and which is open at the rear end, the inner capsule
being closed.
In all the above arrangements the removal of the percussion cap or of its capsule
from the cap chamber may be effected by means of a key, fitting with a claw beneath
an oval overhanging lip formed either on a projecting rim on the circumference of
the base of the cap or capsule, or on a central projection or head formed thereon.
Or, when a screw arrangement is employed the screw may be removed by a key
applied to suitable holes or projections in or on the head of the screw. Fig. 1 of the
accompanying drawing shews a vertical section of a percussion cap with its capsule
constructed as above described and fitted into the cap chamber of the cartridge, which
is shewn in dotted lines. In this arrangement the percussion cap f, which is of
ordinary construction, is contained in a capsule b, having a base of considerable
thickness, so that an indentation could only be effected by a very strong blow.
The part of the capsule projecting inward beyond the percussion cap is notched so
as to form several tongues that are bent slightly outwards, so that when the capsule
is pushed into the cap chamber c these tongues spring into an enlargement formed at
the inner end of the chamber, as shewn, and thus hold the capsule with its cap
securely in position, in a similar manner to that described in the Specification to
Patent No. 9323 of 1886.
The cap chamber c is extended somewhat at its inner end, at c¹, beyond the end of
the capsule, so that when the base of the capsule receives a moderate blow from the
striker, the capsule and percussion cap will be pushed forward in the cap chamber
sufficiently to bring the charge of the cap in contact with the anvil.
The said extension e' is formed with inwardly curved sides as shewn so that on
introducing the capsule by hand, the ends of its tongues will be prevented by the
said curvature from advancing beyond the point shewn, in which the charge of the
cap is kept out of contact with the anvil, whereas on the capsule being struck by
the striker of the gun, the ends of the tongues will be bent inwards by the said
curvature.
On the outer surface of the base of the capsule is formed a circular projection 61
with an undercut edge which may be partly cut away as shewn at 63 and 6 on the
plan at Fig. 3 so that on introducing the claw of a key under the edge at such points,
the capsule can be withdrawn from the cap chamber, or the undercut edge may be
left entire as at Fig. 3* the claw being made to enter it with spring action. Fig. 2
shews an arrangement in which the capsule b itself receives the firing charge so as to
constitute the percussion cap, the construction being otherwise the same as above
described. The undercut edge may either be of oval shape as shown in the plan at
Fig. 4, or it may be partly cut away as at Fig. 4" to allow of the introduction of the
key for removing the cap. The anvil may either be formed on the cap chamber as
shewn at the right hand side of Fig. 2, or it may be formed on the end of an igniting
tube d fitted into the cap chamber.
Figs. 5 and 5 shew respectively a part elevation and part vertical section, and a
part plan and part cross section of an arrangement in which the percussion cap is
contained within a capsule b, which instead of having tongues as before described,
has slots formed in its sides so as to leave an uncut inner end 68 connected to the
outer part by bars 62, which are bulged out somewhat as shewn, so that when pushed
into the cap chamber, these bars are sprung inwards so as to hold the capsule 6

page_text: securely by spring action. The cap chamber may either be made with a corre-
sponding outward bulge as shewn at c on the right hand side, or it may be made
without such bulge as shewn at the left hand side. The cap chamber as shewn on the
right hand side is screwed into a chamber on the cartridge case, and has an igniting
tube combined therewith, the anvil being a separate piece; on the left hand side the
anvil is shewn formed in one with the cap chamber. Fig. 6 shews a part elevation
and part vertical section and Fig. 6* shews a part outer and part inner end view of an
arrangement similar to that shewn at Fig. 1, but with the tongues formed by slitting
the edge of the capsule in an oblique direction, the introduction of the capsule into the
cap chamber being facilitated with this arrangement by rotating it with a screwing
action. Fig. 7 shews an arrangement similar to Fig. 2, the percussion cap of being
introduced into a capsule 6 in which it can be pushed forward by the striker and
which is screwed into the cap chamber c of the cartridge case.
b
Fig. 8 shews an arrangement similar to Fig. 1 in which the percussion cap ƒ is
fixed in a capsule 6 fitting with spring action into a second capsule or cap chamber c
that is screwed into the base of the cartridge.
In all the above constructions the anvil may either be formed on the cap chamber
as shewn at Fig. 1, 2 (right hand side), 5 (left hand side) 6, 7, and 8 or be made
separate therefrom, being either made to form part of an igniting tube as shewn at
the left hand side of Fig. 2 or placed loose in the cap chamber as indicated at the
right side of Fig. 5.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. Securing percussion caps or capsules by spring action in the cap chamber of a
cartridge in which a space is provided beyond the inner end of the cap or capsule,
such space being so formed that while the cap or capsule is held securely in position
in the chamber it can be forced forward against the anvil by means of the firing pin
or striker, substantially as herein described.
2. In percussion caps or capsules such as are referred to in the preceding claim,
constructing the base of the cap or capsule with a central projection or head with a
projecting rim, for facilitating the removal of the cap from the cap chamber by means
of a key substantially as herein described.
3. Constructing percussion caps or capsules such as are referred to in the first
claim with slit and bulged portions having spring action substantially as herein
described with reference to Figs. 5 and 5 of the drawings.
4. Constructing percussion caps or capsules such as are referred to in the first
claim with an outwardly bent lower edge having oblique slits, substantially as herein
described with reference to Figs. 6 and 6ª of the drawings.
Dated this 2nd day of August 1887.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.