CERTAIN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FORGING, DRAWING, MOULDING, OR FORMING SPINDLES, ROLLERS, BOLTS, AND VARIOUS OTHER LIKE ARTICLES IN METAL
Year: 1841

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
RYDER, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Roller and Spindle Maker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-one, and in the fourth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said William
Ryder, Her special licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said William Ryder, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and such
others as 1,the said William Ryder, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no other, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales, and the Town of
Berwick upon Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
FORGING, DRAWING, MOULDING, OR FORMING SPINDLES, ROLLERS, BOLTS, AND
VARIOUS OTHER LIKE ARTICLES IN METAL;" in which said Letters l'atent is:
contained a proviso, that 1, the said William Ryder, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of tlie said in
part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, 'reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, 1, the said
William Ryder, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto annexed, and the following
explanation thereof, that is to say :-
My improved apparatus for forging, drawing, moulding, or forming spindles,
rollers, bolts, and various other like articles in metal, consists of a novel com-
bination, arrangement, or construction of mechanism, designed for the purpose
of effecting these several operations by mechanical power or agency, instead of
performing the same by manual labour as hitherto done. The principal object
of my present Invention is to forge, draw down, mould, or form spindles, shafts,
&c., whilst in a heated state by means of a continuous succession of blows
rapidly performed by hammers,swages, ordies, and to give the required form
to the spindle, shaft, or other article under operation, by placing it under the
striking or forging apparatus during the rotation or action of the machinery,
which will complete the necessary form or shape of the article under opera-
tion in a much more perfect and economical manner than hitherto accom-
plished by hand labour. I would here observe, prior to entering into the
detailed description of my improved apparatus to be used for such pur-
poses, that the size, strength, and respective proportions of all the essential
parts of the apparatus must be varied in order to suit the particular
class of work to be performed, as it will be evident that the same construction
of apparatus which would be sufficient for forging, haminering, or forming
light spindles, rollers, shafts, bolts, or nuts, such as are used for cotton
machinery and other comparatively light purposes, as blanks for files and
cutting tools, cutlery, &c., would not be sufficiently strong for performing the
same work upon shafts or axles of two, three, or more inches in diameter, such
as are used for mill gearing and other heavy purposes. And yet the same
principles of my Invention may be equally adapted and carried into practical
operation upon
either the larger or smaller scale of work, providing of course
that the several proportions, strength, and arrangement of the mechanism
shall be suitably modified to the quality or class of work to be performed;
such being the case, I have attached to these Presents a Sheet of Drawings
containing views of my improved apparatus, and of a light construction, such as
should be employed for forging spindles, rollers, &c. for cotton machinery or
articles for other light uses; by way of illustrating with facility the application
of my improvements, similar letters of reference will be found upon corre-
sponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1represents a side elevation ofmyimproved apparatus drawn upon a

page_text: scale of about two inches to the foot; Figure 2, a front view; and Figure 3,
a transverse section taken vertically through the same. An iron framework
a, a, a, a, suitably connected together by means of cross bearersb,b,b,b, sup-
ports in pedestals the driving shaft c, c, upon one end of which are keyed the
fast and loose strap pullies d, d, and upon the reverse end the balance or fly
wheel e. Upon this shaft c, a series of excentrics, cams, or cranks f,f,f,f,are
either forged or otherwise conveniently fixed, revolving with it, and bearing in
bed or cradle pieces g,g,g,g, which vibrate slightly as the excentrics revolve
above them, and bear at their lower extremities upon the upper ends of the
punches or bars h,h,h,h,and thus cause them to descend rapidlyat every revo-
lution of the excentrics or cams f, f, f, f, their instantaneous ascent being
alternately effected by means of the springs i,i,i,i, one end of which bears
against the cross bearer b, and the other being placed in the punch or bar h.
Thus it will be observed that this series of punches or bars h, h, h, h, are
made alternately to slide up and down in the guides or cross bearers b,b,b,b,
at every revolution of the driving shaft, and perform a rapid reciprocating
action (and may be said to constitute the striking hammers of the machine).
There are similar bottom bars k, k, k, k, (which may be said to constitute the
anvils of the machine), which are also supported by the cross bearers b,b,their
lower extremities bearing upon suitable elastic or spring beds 1,1,1,1; these
beds are intended slightly to relieve any sudden concussion between the
hammers h, h, and the anvils k, k, during the forging operation. Pairs of dies,
swages, or hammers m,m,m,m, of any suitable form, are placed respectively
at the extremities of bars h, hand k, k, into or between which the heated
rod or bar to be forged, drawn, or moulded is to be placed by the operator or
smith, and supported upon the adjustable rest n, n, as shewn in red lines in
Figure 3, and there being held and turned by the hands of the smith, as
in the ordinary manner of forging iron; the machinery being in motion,
the forging or hammering apparatus will operate rapidly upon the heated
shaft, as shewn by the red lines in the sectional Figure. The essential
parts of this apparatus are also shewn detached at Figure 4, being the
excentric f, and driving shaft c, the vibrating cradle piece g, and the punch
or hammer h; the punch in this instance is somewhat modified, being pro-
vided with an internal spring o, to effect its ascent after every stroke in
place of bow springs i. The apparatus may also be conveniently furnished
with a pair of cutting dies or shears p, p, to pare or cut the ends of shafts,
rollers, &c., if required, being worked by the operator pulling the hand lever q,
and thus raising the lower cutter p, by means of the excentric r, or in any
other convenient manner.

page_text: Having now particularly described my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, 1 desire it to be particularly understood, that I
claim as mylnvention, the improved apparatus for forging, drawing, moulding,
or forming spindles, rollers, bolts, and various other like articles in metal as
herein particularly set forth and exhibited in the Drawings attached, and more
especially the mechanical combination of the excentric, cam, or crank f, with
the cradle piece g, the top and bottom punch bars or swage holders h and k,
with their swages; also the use or employment of a spring as at i, for the
purpose of lifting or keeping up the punch h, and cradle piece g, against the
excentric, and the elastic or spring bed 1, when employed for these purposes,
in whatever manner the construction, form, or dimensions of the apparatus
may be modified or varied.
In witness whereof, 1, the said William Ryder, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of August, in the year of our
اسمل
WILLIAM (L.s.) RYDER.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourth day of August, in the
fifth year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said William
Ryder came before our said Lady the Queen, in Her Chancery, and acknow-
ledged the instrument aforesaid, and all and everything therein contained and
specified, in form above written. And also the instrument aforesaid was
stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-fifth year of
the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.