Improvements in and connected with Piston Rings.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 15th May, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 15th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 1st May, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Piston Rings.
We, GEORGE HENDERSON, Foreman Blacksmith, Framwellgate Colliery,
Durham, and THOMAS HINDSON, Colliery Manager, Framwellgate Colliery,
Durham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to piston rings for cylinders of engines, pumps, and the
like, and the object is to obtain a ring which can be easily adjusted without removal
from the cylinder, requires no liners, and costs very little. In carrying out our
invention, we proceed in or in about the following manner. The ring we employ,
is a compound one, that is to say, it consists of two rings, an outer one and an inner
one. The outer diameter of the latter being about equal to the inner diameter of
the former. Each ring consists of a piece of material bent so as to form a circle,
but not of sufficient length to form a complete circle. Each ring will consequently
have an open space at one part of its circumference.
The rings are placed one inside the other, so that the open space in the circum-
ference of the one is (preferably) diametrically opposite that in the other. The
two rings are connected together by a screw or other suitable means at about half
the distance between the two open spaces. On each side of the open space in the
inner ring, is a lug or projection, the faces of the lugs being parallel to each other.
Into one of the lugs is screwed a long stud, the part not screwed into the lug,
projecting towards the opposite lug. This stud is provided with lock nuts or
equivalents. To the opposite lug is attached in any suitable manner a spiral spring
which projects towards and touches the lock-nuts on the stud in the opposite lug
and thus encircles so much of the stud as projects through the lock-nuts. By this
arrangement the pressure of the spiral spring on the lock-nuts forces open the inner
ring, and this in its turn forces open the outer ring and thus causes the latter to
conform to the inner diameter of the cylinder in which the piston is used.
The amount of pressure of the rings on the inner diameter of the cylinder, can
be regulated by screwing up or unscrewing the lock-nuts.
10.1 of Mar 1906
HUGHES & YOUNG,
23, Coleman Street, Loudon, E.C., Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in and connected with Piston Kings.
We, GEORGE HENDERSON, Foreman Blacksmith, Framwellgate Colliery,
Durham, and THOMAS HINDSON, Colliery Manager, Framwellgate Colliery,
Durham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
Our invention relates to piston rings for cylinders of engines, pumps and the like,

page_text: and the object is to obtain a ring which can be easily adjusted without removal
from the cylinder, requires no liners. and costs very little. Our ring is a compound
one, and in carrying the invention into practice, we proceed in or in about the
following manner, making reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows a
plan of our improved ring. We provide two rings an outer one a, and an inner
one b. The outer diameter of 6 being about equal to the inner diameter of a.
Each ring consists of a piece of material, steel for instance (preferably) rectangular
in cross section and bent circularly, but not having the ends joined together.
Each ring will thus, under normal conditions, have an open space c at one part of
its circumference. The rings are placed one inside the other, so that the open
spaces c in the circumference of the one is (preferably) diametrically opposite that
in the other. The two rings are connected together by a screw d or by other
suitable means, at about half the distance between the two open spaces c. On each
side of the open space c in the inner ring is a lug or projection e, the faces of these
lugs being parallel to each other. Into one of these lugs is screwed a long stud f,
the part not screwed into the lug projecting towards the opposite lug. This stud
is screw threaded and is provided with lock nuts or equivalents g. Surrounding a
stud h inserted in the opposite lug, is a spiral spring i, which projects towards and
touches the lock nuts 9. The spiral spring thus encircles so much of fas
projects beyond the nuts h. The stnd his sufficiently long to keep i in place."
By this arrangement the pressure of the spiral spring i on the lock nuts g and on
the opposite lug, forces open the inner ring, and this in its turn forces open the
outer ring, and thus causes the latter to accommodate itself to the inner diameter
of the cylinder in which the piston is used. The pressure of the rings on the inner
diameter of the cylinder can be regulated by screwing up or unscrewing the lock
nuts h.
We do not confine ourselves to the precise shape, relative proportion, or
disposition of the various parts as described in the above specification or exemplified
in the accompanying drawing, as any or all of them can be varied without departing
from the spirit of our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is ;-
Improved piston rings each ring consisting essentially of two incomplete circles
of spring like material, steel for instance, placed one within the other, and attached
together at one point so that the unconnected ends of each ring will not be
directly over each other the inner ring being provided at its unconnected ends
with opposing lugs between which operates a spiral spring, the action of the spring
pressing open the inner ring which in its turn forces open the outer and surrounding
ring, the adjustment of the said spring, and the consequent pressure on the rings
being effected by lock nuts working on a screw threaded stud attached to one of
the said lugs, the whole substantially as described in the above specification and
exemplified in the accompanying drawing.
HUGHES & YOUNG,
23, Coleman Street, London, E.C., Agents for Applicants.