IMPROVE- MENTS IN TINTING OR DYEING FABRICS COMPOSED OF MIXED ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE FIBRES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Parker, of Woodhouse, Carrs, Leeds, in
the County of York, Dyer and Stover, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TINTING OR DYEING FABRICS COMPOSED OF MIXED ANIMAL AND
VEGETABLE FIBRES."
Sealed the 5th December 1862, and dated the 30th June 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Parker at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 30th June 1862.
I, THOMAS PARKER, of Woodhouse, Carrs, Leeds, in the County of
York, Dyer and Stover, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TINTING OR DYEING FABRICS COMPOSED OF MIXED
ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE FIBRES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object, improvements in tinting or dyeing fabrics
composed of mixed animal and vegetable fibres. In carrying out the Invention
fabrics which are composed of mixed animal and vegetable fibres, such as
those woven with cotton warp, wefted with wool or with alpaca, or with other
animal fibres, and also other fabrics wherein are used a combination of animal
and vegetable fibres, are treated in the following manner :-The fabrics are first
well scoured and thoroughly cleansed, they are then in a moist state introduced
into and stoved in a sulphur stove, the fabrics being kept open or extended
whilst in the stove; the fabrics are then taken from the stove and without
extracting or removing the sulphur they are caused to pass through water.

page_text: and then through the dye liquor. In performing this process it is important
that the fabrics should be kept open and passed horizontally through water,
it is subjected to pressing rollers as it comes out of the water. It is also
important that it should then be passed in an open state horizontally through
the dye liquor and be pressed between pressing rollers as it comes from such
liquor, the fabric is then to be dried. By these means not only will the fabric
be very evenly tinted, but at the same time it will have a high finish communi-
cated to it, the animal and vegetable substances in the fabric being similarly
tinted or dred
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Parker in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th December 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
PARKER, of Woodhouse Carrs, Leeds, in the County of York, Dyer and Stover,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Thomas Parker, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas Parker,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Thomas Parker, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TINTING OR
DYEING FABRICS COMPOSED OF MIXED ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE FIBRES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Parker, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Parker, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,

page_text: to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object, improvements in tinting or dyeing fabrics
composed of mixed animal and vegetable fibres.
In carrying out the Invention fabrics which are composed of mixed
animal and vegetable fibres, such as those woven with cotton warp, wefted
with wool, or with alpaca, or with other animal fibres, and also other
fabrics wherein are used a combination of animal and vegetable fibres, are
treated in the following manner:
The fabrics are first well scoured and thoroughly cleansed, they are then
in a moist state introduced into and stoved in a sulphur stove, the fabrics being
kept open or extended whilst in the stove, the fabrics are then taken from the
stove and without extracting or removing the sulphur they are caused to pass
through water and then through the dye liquor. In performing this process it
is important that the fabric should be kept open and passed horizontally through
water, it is subjected to pressing rollers as it comes out of the water. It is also
important that it should then be passed in an open state horizontally through
the dye liquor and be pressed between pressing rollers as it comes from such
liquor, the fabric is then to be dried. By these means not only will the
fabric be very evenly tinted, but at the same time it will have a high finish
communicated to it, the animal and vegetable substances in the fabric being
similarly tinted or dyed.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
The mixed goods having been well scoured and cleansed from impurities,
are hung in a sulphur stove and stoved till they are thoroughly penetrated
or saturated by the sulphur, which will generally be the case in about two
hours. On taking the goods out of the stove they are run through boiling
water, the goods are kept open and smooth as they pass through the water.
A piece of mixed goods as it comes from the water is squeezed between pressing
rollers and is wound smoothly and evenly on to a roller. The piece of goods
is then immediately run through the hot tinting or dye liquid, which has
been boiled up just before running the piece of goods through it. The
fabric is kept open at it is run through the tinting liquor and it is run through
again and again, till the desired tint or shade of color is obtained, the
fabric being squeezed each time of its being run through the tinting
liquor. The piece of mixed goods as it comes from the dye or tinting
liquor pressed or squeezed between pressing rollers from which it is taken
directly to steam-heated cylinders to be dried. The goods are then steamed

page_text: and pressed, and thus finished in like manner to stuff goods. By these means
shades of color are obtained in mixed goods which have not heretofore been
produced by the ordinary processes of dyeing, and it is found that the different
descriptions of fibres employed in producing a mixed fabric are similarly tinted.
Various descriptions of coloring matters may be used; in carrying out my
Invention, I usually employ mixtures of some of the following, according to the
tints desired, viz.,-annatto, catechu, soluble indigo, extract of orchil, fustic,
turmeric, magenta and other aniline colors; other coloring matters may also
be employed. The coloring matters are mixed and boiled with water and
immediately used as above explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Parker, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
THOMAS PARKER. (L.S.)