Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Applying Liquids to the Hair and for similar Purposes.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 25th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 25th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Applying Liquids to
the Hair and for similar Purposes.
I, WILLIAM LENDRUM CHIVAS, of Inver, Monymusk, in the County of Aberdeen,
North Britain, Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention, which relates to improvements in and relating to apparatus for
applying liquids to the hair and for similar purposes, has for its object to effect an
efficient mode of applying hair oils, dyes, restorers and other liquids to the roots of the
hair, this being done equally all through the hair without soiling the hands as
hitherto.
In carrying out my invention I employ a suitable comb made of horn, metal, or
other suitable material, and preferably having the insides of the teeth, facing each other,
formed as hollows of concaves so as to form channels or conduits for the leading down
to the roots of the hair the liquid being used. This comb is so formed at its top or
back as to be capable of sliding between two suitably shaped longitudinal grooves
formed on or attached to a suitable spreader or tube made of brass, tin, or other
suitable material, which has a suitable number of perforations or holes formed along
its underside so as to spread the liquid being applied along the comb, while it is held
in the said grooves of the spreader by any suitable means preferably by means of a
bridle at the one end of the grooves on the spreader, the other end being suitably
attached to the handle which is mounted at the end of the spreader, this handle being
of a suitable shape or it may be shaped like an ordinary hair brush handle and so
formed of metal, wood, or other material as to allow of a suitable injector being
placed therein, in which case it will be provided with suitable openings to allow of the
injector being pressed by the fingers on the outside, and also having a suitably hinged
or sliding lid or door to allow of the injector being withdrawn when empty for refilling,
and when refilled being again placed therein, this door being kept shut by any suitable
means. The injector used is preferably made of india-rubber or other yielding
material and provided with a suitable filling aperture and stopper, also a brass or other
material nozzle screwed to its end so that it may be connected to the one end of the
spreader tube.
Or if desired I may form the said handle as the injector itself, in
which case it will be made of thin sheet metal and provided with a suitable filling hole
and thumb screw stopper, the injection of the liquid being caused by compression,
(on the same principle as a carpenter's bench oiler).
To allow of the liquid to be applied being regulated at will I provide a suitable
stop-slide or tube which I fit into the spreader tube in such a manner.as to allow of it
being turned round inside the spreader by means of a milled head or ring formed at
its closed outside end, this stop-slide being also provided with a corresponding number
of perforations to those of the spreader. Or in lieu of this stop-slide or in addition
to it I may provide a suitable plug wire which is pressed into the hole of the nozzle
on the injector.
The foregoing arrangement of injector, spreader, stop-slide or plug, and comb grooves
may be applied to one or more combs, or they may be combined with a hair; tooth,
nail or any other brush used for rubbing in a fluid.
Dated this 25th day of November 1889.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Applying Liquids to
the Hair and for similar Purposes.
I, WILLIAM LENDRUM CHIVAS, of Inver, Monymusk, in the County of Aberdeen,
North Britain, Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
This invention which relates to improvements in, and relating to apparatus for
applying liquids to the hair, and for similar purposes has for its object to effect an
efficient mode of applying hair oils, dyes, restorers and other liquids to the roots of
the hair, this being done equally all through the hair, without soiling the hands as
hitherto.
.
In carrying out my said invention I attach by any suitable means an apparatus
consisting of a spreader having an injector handle and stop slide or plug to any suitable
comb or combs, or to a hair, nail or any other suitable kind of brush in such a manner
that the liquid contained in the injector is forced out of the spreader by compressing
the same while using.
But in order that my said invention may be more readily understood and easily
carried into effect I will now proceed to describe the same with reference to the
accompanying drawings-in which the same reference figures denote the same parts.
Figures 1 and 2, sheet 1 of which are side elevation and plan respectively of my
improvements as attached to two combs.
Figures 3 and 4, sheet. 1 are sections on lines 1, 2, and 3, 4, respectively of
Figure 1.
Figures 5 and 6, sheet 1 are sectional elevation and plan of a modification of my
injector handle.
Figures 7 and 8, sheet 1, are sections of a detail, and
Figures 9 and 10, sheet 2 are sectional elevation and plan of my improvements as
attached to an ordinary hair brush.
Referring to Figures 1 to 8 I employ a spreader A, which may be a brass or other
metal or material tube, which has a number of perforations a formed along its length,
as also suitable grooves B, for holding the comb or combs CC, (in the example shewn
there are two grooves B, B', having a comb in each) which may be made of metal,
horn or other suitable material, and their backs c, so formed as to fit into the
grooves B, B¹³, as also suitable provision at each end for attaching them to the
spreader, such as is shewn at D, or otherwise, that is by means of the projecting
ends c¹, of the combs being clasped to the spreader tube by means of the bridles a,
(shewn in section in Figure 4) the said conibs may also if desired have the insides
of their teeth facing each other formed hollow or concave so as to assist in con-
ducting the liquid to the roots of the hair; or in cases where metallic combs are
used they may be soldered direct to the spreader tube, thus dispensing with the
grooves. The one end of the spreader tube A, is screwed or otherwise attached to
the handle E, which may be of any convenient size or shape, and made of any suitable
metal or material. This handle may be made so as to form the injector itself as
shewn in Figures 1 and 2, that is by forming it hollow and providing it with a
piece e, of thinner metal or material, so as to enable it to be pressed by the hand
and so form an injector which acts after the manner of a carpenter's bench oiler,
suitable means being provided for filling in the liquid, as for example the opening
and screwed stopper F, Figure 1, the said thin piece e may be further assisted in
its action by mounting inside the handle a suitable spiral or other spring.
when desired, the one end of which presses on the inside of the thin piece in
such a manner as to force it out after it has been compressed. Or the said
handle E, may be so formed as to contain the injector as shewn in Figures 5 and 6,
that is, being provided with a hinged lid or cover El, having an opening e¹ in it to
enable the india rubber or other flexible injector E³, being compressed by the thumb

page_text: or finger, the said injector E³, having a suitable filling hole and cover F¹, as also a
orass or other nozzle e³, which may be screwed or otherwise attached to the end of the
spreader tube A.
In order to regulate the supply of the liquid to the hair, I provide a stop slide or
cube G, inside the spreader tube A, having perforations y, corresponding to those of
the spreader tube A, but preferably a little larger (as shewn in Figures 7 and 8) or it
may be a slot extending along its length, so that on this top slide or tube being revolved
in the inside of this spreader the flow of the liquid can be stopped or otherwise
regulated, the said revolving of this tube being obtained by turning the closed end g¹
by the thumb and fingers or if desired this end may be provided with any suitable
milled head.
My said apparatus may also be used in combination with any suitable kind of brush,
an example of which is shewn in Figures 9 and 10, sheet 2, which represents an
ordinary hair brush H, having the spreader tube A, fitted in and secured to it by
bridles, or otherwise, as also the handle E, injector F2, and top slide or tube G.
In lieu of the stop slide or tube G, for regulating the supply of the liquid, or in
addition to it, I may provide a suitable plug or wire which is capable of being pressed
into the nozzle of the injector.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
First. The general arrangement and construction of my improved apparatus for
distributing liquids to the hair, consisting of the spreader tube A, grooves B, combs C,
handle and injector E, or handle E and injector E³, and stop slide or tube G, or any
mere modification of said parts, all substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and shewn in Figures I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the accompanying
drawings.
Second. The general arrangement and combination of my improved apparatus as
used in combination with a hair or other brush H, or any mere modification thereof,
all substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and shewn in Figures 9
and 10 of the accompanying drawings.
1
Out of Cantember 1890
JOHNSONS,
115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.