Improvements in and appertaining to Electric Stop Motions Employed in Machinery or Apparatus for Elongating or Drawing Strands of Cotton and other Fibres.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 24th June, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 24th Mar., 1899-Accepted, 29th Apr., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and appertaining to Electric Stop Motions Employed
in Machinery or Apparatus for Elongating or Drawing Strands of
Cotton and other Fibres.
We, WILMOT TUNSTALL, of Brook House, Meltham Mills, near Huddersfield,
in the County of York, General Manager, and JOIN CRABTREE, of Meltham Mills,
aforesaid, Carder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
This invention hus reference to drawing frames and other machines or
mechanism for elongating or drawing strands of cotton and other fibres, and relates
essentially to the electric stop motions employed in said frames or machines for
automatically stopping same when a strand, sliver, roving or
or fails, or is not of the requisite body or thickness.
"end" breaks
Our invention comprises, firstly, certain structural improvements in or con-
nected with the ordinary cap bars and in the top-back-electric or taking in rol-
lers for the purpose of making the stop motion operative and reliable in stopping
the machine or frame when any portion of the slivers, rovings, ends or strands
passing therethrough, are too thin or too light; and secondly, the application to
the present electric stop motions of new means, whereby the machine or frame
can be electrically stopped when the slivers, rovings, ends or strands, or any of
them or any part of them, is or are too thick or of abnormal bulk or body, results
which hitherto have not been obtainable in machines having electric stop motions.
The ordinary cap bars are made with fixed guide eyes or openings which are
at such a distance apart that the strands or slivers are caused to travel over the
bottom back-electric or taking in rollers in a position near or approximately
close to the ends of the top back-electric or taking in rollers. These top rollers
are plain or of equal diameter throughout, and in order to complete the circuit
to actuate the electric stop motion to bring the machine or frame to a standstill
when an "end" fails, breaks, or is too light or too thin, the top roller concerned
must have electrical contact with the bottom back-electric or taking in roller.
Heretofore, the presence of a too light or too thin strand or end of fibre, or what
is technically known as single," between the top and bottom back-electric or
taking in rollers, has rendered the stop motion useless so far as light, thin or
faulty strands of fibre or single" are concerned, because such strands of fibre
or "single," by reason of their position as determined by the guides or eyes in
the cap bars, have held the top back-electric or taking in rollers out of contact
with the bottom back-electric or taking in rollers and therefore allowed the
machine to continue running notwithstanding that faulty, thin or light ends or
strands have been passing through; and only when a complete severance of an
end or strand has occurred has the action of the stop motion been reliably brought
about.
"
"
The objects of our invention are to make the electric stop motion act and stop
the machine not only when complete absence of an end or strand of fibre
occurs, but also when strands are passing through the machine which, either in

page_text: part or in whole, are too light or too thin; and also when strands are passing
through the machine which, either in part or in whole, are to heavy or too
thick.
In carrying out the first part of our invention we employ cap bars having
adjustable guides comprising two eyelets to cach top back-electric or taking in
roller, the meeting or opposing sides of which are ade sufficiently thin
or narrow to admit of the slivers or strands being guided between the taking in
rollers as near to the middle of the top rollers as is suitable for the purpose in
view. The cap bar guides may be in pairs carrying the opposing or correspond-
ing eyelets, or the latter may be formed in separate and adjustable guides. We
can adjust the guides laterally to set the eyelets at any distance apart to suit
requirements and to control the sensitiveness of the stop motion. Each guide is
secured in position by means of bolts and nuts, screws, or like means passed
through slots formed in the cap bars, or suitable adjusting screws may be employed.
In lieu of the top back-electric or taking in rollers now used, we employ
rollers formed with a concaved periphery, or sunken in the middle and curving
or inclining from thence to the full diameter at each end of the rollers, which
ends, therefore, are the only parts of the rollers capable of having contact with
the bottom back-electric or taking-in rollers.
As the eyelets of the adjustable guides enable us to keep the slivers or strands
away from the ends of the said top rollers and much nearer thereof
than formerly, it follows that any slight variation in the thickness of one or mere
of the slivers or strands will at once affect the roller resting thereon and cause
it to tilt or lower. If the variation in thickness is sufficiently pronounced the
angle or position assumed by the roller will bring the end or ends thereof
(which are always well clear of fibre) into contact with the bottom back-electric
or taking in roller thereby completing the electric circuit which actuates the
stop motion and stops the machine.
Although we prefer to make the top back-electric or taking in rollers concave,
the bottom back-electric or taking in rollers can be concaved or hollowed out
opposite each top roller for the same purpose.
We would have it understood that the cap bar with adjustable guides or eye-
lets may be employed in conjunction with the ordinary plain or straight top
rollers, or the concave top rollers employed in conjunction with the ordinary con-
struction of cap bars with fixed guides, to give the required sensitiveness to stop
the machine when the strand, sliver, roving or end is too light or thin; but we
prefer to employ both the cap bar with adjustable guides or eyelets constructed
as set forth and the concave top rollers which, combined, make the motion much
more reliable and sensitive to the work passing through the machine.
In carrying out the second part of our invention, we employ a bar or series of
bars, rails, or supports arranged in a suitable position above the top back elec-
tric or taking in rollers and which is or are placed in circuit with the electri
stop motion. The bars or supports carry, or have attached to, or connected with,
or suspended therefrom, suitable contact pieces or switches which are in close
proximity to the ends of the top back-electric or taking in rollers. When the
sliver or strand of fibre passing between the top and bottom back electric or
taking in rollers is too thick or of abnormal bulk or body, it raises or tilts the
top roller concerned and brings it into abutment with one or both of the contact
pieces aforesaid, whereby the circuit is completed and the electric stop motion
actuated to stop the machine. A thin or light sliver or strand may also cause
the top taking in roller concerned to make contact with one of the contact piemes
instead of or in addition to the bottom rollers.
The above means render the electric stop motion, as applied to textile mach-
nery used for purposes of drawing or elongation, much more sensitive, efficient
and complete than it is at present and greatly minimises faulty or detective
work.
We
may employ in conjunction with the electric stop motion, indicar

page_text: adapted to be actuated by the completion of the electric circuit, as above, to enable
the attendant to at once locate the end or strand which has caused the stoppage,
or the section in which it occurs.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Patent Agents, Huddersfield, Agents for Applicants.
Improvements in and appertaining to Electric Stop Motions Employed
in Machinery or Apparatus for Elongating or Drawing Strands of
Cotton and other Fibres.
We, WILMOT TUNSTALL, of Brook House, Meltham Mills, near Huddersfield,
in the County of York, General Manager, and JOIN CRABTREE, of Meltham Mills,
aforesaid, Carder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference to drawing frames and other machines or mecha-
nism for elongating or drawing strands of cotton and other fibres, and relates
essentially to the electric stop motions employed in said frames or machines for
automatically stopping same when a strand, sliver, roving, or "end" breaks
or fails, or is not of the requisite body or thickness.
Our invention comprises-firstly-certain structural improvements in or con-
nected with the ordinary cap bars or guides and in the top back-electric or taking-
in rollers for the purpose of making the stop motion operative and reliable in
stopping the machine or frame when any portion of the slivers, rovings, "ends"
or strands passing therethrough are too thin or too light; and secondly, the
application to the present electric stop motions of new means whereby the
machine, or frame can be electrically stopped when the slivers, rovings, "ends,"
or strands, or any of them, or any part of them, is or are too thick or of abnormal
bulk or body, a result which, hitherto, has not been attainable in machines
having electric stop motions.
The ordinary cap bars now employed are made or provided with fixed guide
eyes or openings which are set at such a distance apart that the strands or slivers
are caused to travel over the bottom back-electric or taking-in rollers in a posi-
tion near, or approximately close to the ends of the top back-electric or taking
in rollers. These top back-electric rollers are plain. or of equal diameter
throughout and, in order to complete the circuit to actuate the electric stop
motion to bring the machine or frame to a standstill when an "end" fails,
breaks, or is too light or too thin, the top roller concerned must have surface
Heretofore the pre-
contact with the hottom back-electric or taking-in roller.
sence of a too light or too thin strand or end of fibre, or what is technically
known as single," between the top and bottom hack-electric or taking-in
rollers, has rendered the stop motion useless so far as light, thin, or faulty
strands of fibre or "single"
are concerned, because such strands of fibre or
single, by reason of their position as determined by the guides or eyes in the
can bars, have held the top back-electric or taking-in rollers out of contact with
the bottom back-electric or taking-in roller and therefore allowed the machine
to continue running notwithstanding that faulty, thin, or light ends or strands

page_text: have been passing through, and only when a complete severance of an "end"
or strand has occurred has the action of the stop motion been reliably brought
about.
"
"
The objects of our invention are to make the electric stop motion act and stop
the machine not only when complete absence of an
end or strand of fibre
occurs but also when strands are passing through the machine which, either in
part or in whole, are too thin or too light and also, when strands are passing
through the machine which either in part or in whole, are too heavy or too
thick.
In carrying out the first part of our invention, we employ cap bars having
adjustable guides comprising two eyelets to each top back-electric or taking-in
roller, the meeting or opposing sides of each pair being made sufficiently thin
or narrow to admit of the slivers or strands being guided between the taking-in
rollers as near to the middle of the top rollers as is suitable for the purpose in
view. The cap bar guides may be in pairs carrying the opposing or correspond-
ing eyelets, or the latter may be for ned in separate and adjustable guides. We
can adjust the guides laterally to set the eyelets at any distance apart to suit
requirements and to control the sensitiveness of the stop motion. Each guide is
secured in position by means of bolts and nuts, screws, or like means passed
through slots formed in the cap bars, or suitable adjusting screws may be employed.
In lieu of the plain top back-electric or taking-in rollers now used, we employ
rollers formed with a concaved periphery, or sunken in the middle and curving
or inclining from thence to the full diameter at each end of the rollers, which
ends, therefore, are the only parts of the rollers capable of having contact with
the bottom back-electric or taking-in rollers.
As the eyelets of the adjustable guides enable us to keen the slivers or strands
away from the ends of the said top rollers and much nearer the middle thereof
than formerly, it follows that any slight variation in the thickness of one or more
of the slivers or strands will at once affect the roller resting thereon and cause
it to tilt or lower. If the variation in thickness is sufficiently pronounced, the
angle or position assumed by the top roller will bring the end or ends thereof
(which are always well clear of fibre) into contact with the bottom back-electric
or taking-in roller thereby completing the electric circuit which actuates the
stop motion and stops the machine. Although we prefer to make the top-back-
electric taking in rollers concave, the bottom back-electric or taking-in roller
can be concaved or hollowed out opposite each top roller for the same purpose.
In carrying out the second part of our invention, we employ a bar or series of
bars, rails, or supports arranged in a suitable position above the top back-electric
or taking-in roller and which is or are placed in circuit with the electric stop
motion. The bars or supports carry or have attached to, connected with, or sus-
pended therefrom suitable contact pieces, pins, or studs whose extremities are
in close proximity to the ends of the top back-electric or taking-in rollers. When
the sliver or strand of fibre passing between the top and bottom back-electric
or taking-in rollers is too thick or of abnormal bulk or body, it will raise or tilt
the top roller concerned and bring it into abutment with one or both of the
contact pieces or pins aforesaid, whereby the circuit will be completed and the
electric stop motion actuated to stop the machine. A thin or light sliver or
strand may also cause the top taking-in roller concerned to make contact with
one of the pins or studs instead of or in addition to the bottom roller.
In the accompanying drawings:-
Fig. 1 is rear elevation taken on line A, B, of Fig. 2 of so much of a drawing
frame or machine for elongating or drawing strands of cotton and other fibres,
as is essential to shew the application of our improvements;
Fig. 2 is transverse section taken on line C, D, of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3, shews separately, in front and end elevations, the two portions or halves 5
of the adjustable eyelet or guide bar;
Fig. 4, is front elevation of the complete evelet or guide har.

page_text: Fig. 5 is elevation looking in the direction of arrow E, Fig. 2, of the top and
bottom back-electric or taking-in rollers; and Figs. 6, 7, and 8, are front eleva-
tion, plan and end elevation respectively, of a modified arrangement of the second
part of our invention.
Referring to the drawings, letter a represents a fragment of the framework of
the machine or frame; b the bottom back-electric or taking in roller journaled
in bearings c bolted to the frame a; and d the top back-electric or tabing-in
rollers resting on the bottom back-electric roller b, or on the fibre between them.
and supported self adjustingly in the cap bar or frame e bolted to the frame-
work a. Only one cap bar or section or drawing head, of the machine is shewn,
there being a number of these arranged at short intervals apart along the whol
length of the machine as is well known, each being similar to the one so far
described and of the ordinary type, and provided with the improvements be re-
after set forth.
At the rear of the cap bar or frame e, that is to say, in the usual position pre-
viously occupied by the fixed guides or eyelets, we secure the eyelet or guil›
bar which, according to our invention, is adjustable and, in the example shewn
on the drawings, comprises two parts or halves f', f, each having a set of eye-
lets, openings or guides g, g', formed on or secured thereto. The eyelets or guides
on one part or half of the guide bar are so arranged thereon with respect to
those on the second part or half of the guide bar that, when the two said parts
are put together and adjusted, they pair one with the other opposite each top-
back-electric or taking-in roller d, as shewn at Figs. 1 and 4, and as will be
clearly understood by reference to Fig. 3. The opposing sides of each pair of
eyelets or guides g, g', are made as thin or as narrow as possible in order that,
when necessary, each pair of eyelets or guides can be adjusted close together to
admit of the slivers or strands of fibre being guided between the back electric-
or taking-in rollers b, d, as near to the middle of the top rollers d, as is suitable
for the purpose in view. The guide bar f is secured by screws h, and nuts or
like means, to the cap bar e, these said crews passing through slots in the cap
bar which admit of the adjustn:ent laterally of the outer half or part of the
guide bar while slots are also formed in the second half or part of the guide
bar to allow of its lateral adjustment. The part of the guide bar is constructed
to fit in a groove el in the cap bar and is adapted to slide endwise therein. The
two parts or halves f¹, f2 of the guide bar f can be adjusted to set the pairs of
guides or eyelets g, g' at some distance apart as in Fig. 1, or much closer together
as in Fig. 4 or in contact with each other, any adjustment within the limits
allowed being obtained readily and to the greatest nicety.
It will be obvious that instead of the above construction of guide bars, the
guides or eyelets could be made separate from the guide bar and each adjustably
secured thereon; or the guide bar may be constructed in two parts and connected
together by pivotted links or levers, after the manner of a parallel rule, so that
in adjusting one part in one direction, the other part would be correspondingly
adjusted in the opposite direction; or other equivalent constructions of an ad-
justable guide bar or bars or eyelets or guides for varying the distance apart of
the guides or eyelets to determine the positions at which the slivers or strands
of fibre must pass between the taking-in rollers, can be adopted without depart-
ing from our invention.
In applying adjustable guides or eyelets to machines or frames for drawing or
elongating strands of cotton and other fibres, we are enabled to adjust them to
any extent to suit the material fed into the machine, and not only so, but, in
making such adjustment, we ensure the guidance of the strands or
* ends
" of
fibre to the taking-in rollers b, d, as near to the middle of the top rollers d as is
suitable for the strands of fibre being dealt with, and also to the more perfect
control of the sensitiveness of the electric stop motion, for, in determining the
position of the guides or eyelets with relation to the strands of fibre and in
bringing the pairs of guides always as near to the middle of the top rollers d

page_text: as is convenient, the strands of fibre are consequently in all cases guided to the
rollers quite clear of the ends of the top rollers d and give all needful clearance
for allowing the ends of the said rollers to have surface contact (when called
upon) with the roller b.
For the purpose of making the stop motion more sensitive and reliable, addi-
tionally to the better results obtained by the employment of the aforesaid adjust-
able guides or eyelets, we make the top rollers d, with a concaved periphery, or
of slightly smaller diameter in the middle and curving or inclining from thence
to the full diameter at each end of the rollers as shewn on the drawings. In
employing rollers of this formation or construction the extreme ends thereof
are the only parts of the said rollers capable of having contact with the bottom
back-electric or taking-in roller b.
As the adjustable guides or eyelets enable us to keep the slivers or strands
of fibre away from the ends of the said top back-electric or taking-in rollers d
and much nearer the middle thereof than formerly, it follows that any slight
variation in the thickness of one or more of the slivers or strands will at once
affect the top roller d resting thereon, and cause it to tilt or lower in sympathy
with and correspondingly to the degree of variation. If the variation in thick-
ness is sufficiently pronounced to render further progress of the sliver or strand
forward into the machine undesirable, the angle or altered positions assumed by
the top roller will bring the end or ends thereof (which are always well clear of
fibre) into contact with the bottom back-electric or taking-in roller 6 thereby
completing the electric circuit which actuates the stop motion and stops the
⚫machine.
By concaving, dishing or hollowing out the peripheries of the top back-electric
or taking-in rollers d longitudinally, as set forth, the ends thereof, being of
rather larger diameter than any intermediate portion, will necessarily approach
much nearer the bottom roller than those portions in surface contact with the
slivers or strands of fibre and, therefore, having a less distance to move, con-
tact is made with the bottom roller 6 more quickly, with greater certainty, and
for finer degress of variation in the thickness or body of the slivers or strands
than is possible with plain ordinary top rollers.
Although we prefer to make the top back-electric or taking-in rollers d con-
cave, the bottom back-electric or taking-in roller b could be concaved or hollowed
out opposite each top roller for the same purpose.
The parts are placed in electric circuit with the stop motion in the ordinary
way.
We would have it understood that the adjustable eyelet or guide bars, or eye-
lets or guides, may be employed in conjunction with the ordinary plain or straight
top back-electric or taking-in rollers; or the concaved top back electric or taking-
in rollers may be employed in conjunction with the ordinary construction of cap
bars with fixed eyelets or guides to give the required sensitiveness to stop the
machine when the strands, slivers, rovings or "ends" or any of them or any
portion of same is or are too light or too thin: but, we prefer to employ both
the adjustable guides or eyelets or guide bars, constructed on the lines set forth
and the concaved top back-electric or taking-in rollers which, combined, make
the motion much more reliable and sensitive to the work passing through the
machine.
or
The further object of our invention is to apply additional means whereby the
machine can be automatically stopped when the slivers, rovings, "ends"
strands of fibre or any of them, or any part thereof, is or are too thick, or of
abnormal bulk, or body, a result which has not heretofore been attainable in
machines or frames having electric stop motions.
In carrying out this last part of our invention we employ a rail, or a series
of rails or bars, secured to brackets or supports insulated at in a suitable
position above the top back-electric or taking-in rollers d. This said rail i is
placed in circuit with the electrical stop motion. Screwed through the rail i are

page_text: a series of studs or pins m (two for each top roller d) which depend below the
rail and are adjusted to any degree of meety to bring the lower ends thereof in
close proximity to the ends of the top back-electric or taking-in rollers d, such
studs or fingers, after adjustment, being secured in position by lock nuts #.
When the slivers or strands of fibre passing between the top and bottom back-
electric or taking in rollers d, b, or any of them, is or are too thick, or of abnor-
mal bulk or body, the top roller concerned will be raised or tilted to an angle
and thus brought into abutment with one or both corresponding studs or pins m,
whereby the circuit is thereupon completed and the electric stop motion actu-
ated to stop the machine. A thin or light sliver or strand may also cause the
top taking in roller concerned to make contact with one of the studs or pins m
instead of, or in addition to the bottom roller b.
A modified arrangement of the above means for automatically stopping the
machine when the slivers or strands of fibre passing into the machine are too
thick or of abnormal bulk or body, is shewn at Figs. 6 to 8, and consists in
securing the brackets or supports to the underside of the top plate a of the
framework so as to project under the taking in rollers b, d, to the rear of the
cap bar e.
To the ends of said brackets or supports is secured the longitudinal
rail or bar which, in this case, has formed on or secured thereto a series of up-
rights or vertical extensions occupying positions opposite the spaces between
each top taking-in roller d. At the upper ends of the uprights are secured
pins, springs or plates m, there being two of such springs or plates to each
upright, except those at the ends of the cap bars, one for each opposing end of
adjacent rollers d.
These spring or plates m are bent at right angles near their extremities so as
to extend over the ends of the top rollers d'a little to the front side of the centres
of same to give clearance for the removal of said rollers from the cap bars, the
ends of the springs being turned down to bring them into close proximity to
the ends of rollers d somewhat as shewn. Slots o are formed in the springs or
plates m to admit of their adjustment nearer to or farther from the surface of
rollers d to suit requirements.
The action of this modified arrangement is as before described with reference to
the arrangement shewn at Figs. 1 & 2 and we ay prefer to adopt it, or an equiva-
lent arrangement similarly situated, for the reason that it is out of the way, does
not obstruct the passage of the slivers or strands and allows free access to the top
of the machine or frame.
The application of the above described means renders the electric stop motion,
as applied to textile machinery used for purposes of drawing or elongation, much
more sensitive, efficient, and complete than it is at present and greatly minimises
faulty or defective work.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
(1) In drawing frames or machines or mechanism for elongating or drawing
slivers, or strands of cotton and other fibres, in which electric stop motions are
employed for automatically stopping the machine when a strand, sliver roving or
end breaks or otherwise tails, or is not of the requisite body or thickness,
the application to and combination with the cap bars or frames in which the top
back-electric or taking in rollers are supported, or a fixed part of the machine,
of adjustable eyelet or guide bars, or adjustable eyelets or guides, said eyelets
or guides being arranged in pairs for each top roller and constructed so as to be
adjusted within a minimum distance of each other or almost opposite the middle
of the top taking in rollers, or at any suitable distance apart, substantially as
herein shewn and described, and for purposes set forth.
(2) In drawing frames and other machines on mechanison for elongating or
drawing strands of cotton and other fibres, in which electric stop motions are

page_text: Impts. in and appertaining to Electric stop motions ampoo yo
employed, the application thereto and employment of top back-electric or taking
in rollers having their peripheries concaved hollowed out, or dished longi-
tudinally or, as an equivalent thereof, a bottom back-electric or taking in roller
having concaved or dished surfaces opposite each top taking in roller, substan-
tially as herein set forth and for purposes specified.
(3) In drawing frames or machines or mechanism for elongating or drawing
strands of cotton or other fibres in which electric stop motions are employed, a
series of pins, studs, springs or plates (in circuit with the electric stop motion of
the machine) secured to a longitudinal rail or bar or support and adjustable to
bring their ends into more or less close proximity to the ends of the top back-
electric or taking-in rollers in the manner and for the purposes substantially as
herein shewn and described.
A
1 1000
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Patent Agents, Huddersfield, Agents for Applicants.