provements in Steam Generators and in Apparatus for Heating the same, the said Apparatus being also Applicable for other' Purposes.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 29th June, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 29th Mar., 1890--Accepted, 10th May, 1890
PROVISIONAL DIUITATION
Improvements in Steam Generators and in Apparatus for Heating
the same, the said Apparatus being also Applicable for other'
Purposes.
I, GEORGE ROSE of 70 Wellington Street Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Engineer do.
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
--
This invention relates to improvements in steam generators and in apparatus for
heating the same by the combustion of liquid fuel, the said apparatus being also
applicable for other purposes.
My improved heating apparatus may be used either in conjunction with and as a
fixture connected to the steam generator or it may be used separately therefrom and
be made portable, when it can be used for heating retorts, furnaces and the like and
also generally in other situations where beat is required a short notice.
The steam generator and heating apparatus as constructed under one arrangement
has or may have for its base a tank or reservoir which is preferably divided into two
compartments by a suitable partition, the one compartment containing oil which may
be supplied to it from through a force pump or otherwise and the other compartment
containing water which is or may be supplied to it by gravitation or be pumped in
from the nearest source of water supply. Upon the top or at the side of this oil and
water tank a force pump of any suitable construction for forcing air into it is pro-
vided, the air forced in spreads over the surface of the oil and the water and commu-
nicates pressure thereto, a communicating passage or pipe being made in or fitted to the
upper part of the dividing partition to allow the compressed. air to pass freely into
each compartment. A stop cock may be fitted in the pipe, when this is used, to control
the air flow from one tank into the other. As the pressure increases in the oil and
water tank it forces the oil up a stand tube provided with a supply regulating cock
to the burner where it is sprayed and burned as hereinafter described. The water is
likewise forced up a stand tube provided with a suitable supply regulating cock. The
oil and water tubes may if desired be fitted concentrically the one within the other
and are regulated by a two way cock. The water passes from the water tube by a
branch to a coil tube or pipe, which may be of circular spiral formation or be a series
of rectangular or gridiron shaped tubes communicating with each other, or a series of
tubular squares or rings may be used instead of the coil. The coil or equivalent is
placed preferably immediately above the oil burner and surrounding the bottom part
пр
of the flame. The water after passing through the said coil or equivalent is led
through a straight vertical pipe or piece into a second coil or series of coils or equi-
valent situated some distance above the first series, and is thereafter led downwards
into a steam chamber which is provided with a screw plug for cleaning or other
purposes and which constitutes the base portion or bottom of the oil burner. During
the passage of the water through the coil it is converted into steam by the intense
heat thrown off by the flame issuing from the burner which may be of the same
construction as that described in my prior Specification No. 11517 of 1888.
The superheated steam generated as herein before described is only used for spraying
the oil and is not for use as a motive power. Steam for this purpose is raised in
a generator consisting of one or more coils which may be spiral or be a series of
rectangular or gridiron shaped tubes or the equivalent of these communicating with
one another, the water for the coil is preferably supplied from the same stand tube
as supplies water for the spraying coils of the heating apparatus, the supply being
regulated by a cock and if desired also by means of a small cone with a central hole
for passage of water inserted in the pipe. This generator coil is placed preferably
above the spraying coils and the steam generated therein passes into an annular

page_text: steam chest or receiver which may be of ring shape, cross tubes, if desired, being
fitted across the annular space. The steam chest which is preferably of oblong cross-
section, although it may be square, round or other suitable section, is or may be
placed immediately above the top of the flame which is allowed free passage through
it to a small funnel or chimney. The steam accumulated in the steam chest is
supplied through suitable pipe connections to the placed required.
The whole apparatus is or may be enclosed in a suitable casing supported on the
oil and water tank.
Under another arrangement the oil spray heating apparatus may be separate from
the steam generator in which case the apparatus may be mounted portably on
wheels or feet and consists of an oil tank having a water jacket rivetted or other-
wise fitted to it or the oil and water may be contained in two separate tanks con-
nected together. Upon the top of the jacketed tank or twin tanks as the case may
be the oil and water stand pipes may be fitted either concentrically one within the
other or separately. The water as before is led to the steam generating coil pipe or
equivalent and the oil to the burner. If the heater or oil spray apparatus is to be
so fitted as to burn with a horizontal flame a burner having two channels or ways
in it at right angles to each other the one for oil and the other for the steam jet is
preferably used. The burner which is preferably cup shaped at its end is fitted with
a small tap or valve above the oil inlet to control the air supply to the vacuum in the
burner. The valve may be surmounted by a small atmospheric ball or globe per-
forated with holes. A small cylindrical piece perforated with holes may be so fitted
in the burner that the superheated steam before escaping by the steam channel has
to pass through it and is so cleared of any scale or dirt. The steam generator may
under this arrangement consist of a series or maze of horizontal water tubes fitting,
at the ends, into two vertical welded iron or steel boxes or headers which may be
of square or oblong shape or the tubes may be fitted into other cross tubes at the ends.
The tubular arrangement is surmounted by a horizontal cylindrical boiler or steam
receiver which communicates by vertical pipes with the headers or boxes or their
equivalent. The boxes may have their sides dished out or convexed for greater
strength if desired and the water tubes may be so arranged that one series is inclined
downwards from one of the headers or boxes whilst the other series is inclined
upwards from that box or header.
The headers or the steam receiver or drum would be fitted with gauges, safety
valves etc., in the ordinary manner.
The generator constructed in accordance with this arrangement would preferably
be mounted in a brick built or brick lined furnace into which the flame of the heater
would be injected.
Instead of surmounting the water tubes by a horizontal steam boiler or receiver
a vertical one may be mounted thereupon, the water tubes communicating with its
underside by vertical pipe connections.
In some cases when it is desired to raise a large steam supply more than one
burner or beater may be used.
Instead of using oil as the heat raising medium, the heat may be generated by
an ordinary coal, char or wood fire. In this case the steam generating coil or pipe
of the heating apparatus may be fitted in the chimney or other part of the furnace
and a jet of steam be allowed to blow up the flue and thus aid the natural draught.
The water for the steam generating coil or pipe would be supplied under pressure
either from a water tank having a force pump on it or by gravitation.
Dated this 28th day of June 1889.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators and in Apparatus for Heating
the same, the said Apparatus being also Applicable for other
Purposes.
1, GEORGE ROSE of 70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in steam generators and in apparatus for
heating the same by the combustion of liquid fuel, the said apparatus being also
applicable for other purposes.
My improved heating apparatus may be used either in conjunction with and as a
fixture connected to the steam generator or it may be used separately therefrom and
be made portable, when it can be used for heating retorts, furnaces and the like
and also generally in other situations where heat is required at short notice.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood 1 have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, whereon
Fig. 1 is part sectional view of a steam generator and heating apparatus.
Figs. 2 and 3 are side elevations of steam generators and fig. 4 is an end elevation
of the generator fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a part sectional view of a vertical boiler or steam generator.
Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a portable liquid fuel heating apparatus.
Fig. 7 is a side view, partly broken away, showing a liquid fuel heater applied to
an ordinary steam boiler.
On the drawings the same reference letters wherever repeated indicate similar or
like parts.
Referring to fig. 1:-The steam generator and heating apparatus, as constructed
under the arrangement shown in this figure, has for its base, a tank or reservoir A
which is, preferably divided into two compartments by a partition B; the compartment (
containing oil and the compartment D, containing water. Upon the top or at the side
of this oil and water tank A a force pump E of any suitable, construction is provided
for forcing in air; the air forced in spreads over the surface of the oil and the water and
communicates pressure thereto, the compressed air passing freely from the compart-
ment C into the compartment D through the hole E in the partition B. Instead of the
hole Fa short pipe F¹ may be fitted in the top or cover of the tank A as shown in
dotted lines. The ends of the pipe F¹ pass into each compartment and so establish
communication between them. When a pipe F¹ is used, a stopcock may be fitted on
the pipe to control the air flow from one compartment into the other. The pressure
of air in the oil and water tank forces the oil up a tube H provided with a supply
regulating valve H¹ to the burner I where it is sprayed and burned as hereinafter
described. The water is likewise forced up a tube J provided with a suitable supply
regulating valve or cock J¹. The oil and water tubes may, if desired, be fitted
concentrically the one within the other and be regulated by a three way cock in the
same manner as described in my prior patent No. 1649788. The water passes from
the water tube, J, by a branch J2 to a coil tube or pipe K which may be of circular
spiral formation, as shown, or be a series of rectangular or gridiron shaped tubes
communicating with each other; or a series of tubular squares or rings may be used
instead of the coil. The coil K or equivalent is placed preferably immediately above
the oil burner I and surrounding the bottom part of the flame. The water after
passing through the said coil K or equivalent is preferably led up through a straight
vertical pipe or piece into a second coil K¹ or series of coils or equivalent situated
some distance above the first series, and is, thereafter, led downwards into a steam
chamber I which is provided with a screw plug for cleaning or other purposes and
which constitutes the base portion or bottom of the oil burner. The oil trickles
nto the open cup or well I of the burner from the pipe H. A steam nipple I' is

page_text: fitted on the top of the steam chamber I' and projects up above the oil level in the
cup 12 in the same manner as in my prior patent for lamps No. 11517 of 1888.
During the passage of the water through the coil K, K it is converted into steam
which issues out of the nipple I³ with sufficient force to spray the oil in the
cup I³.
The superheated steam generated as hereinbefore described is only used for
spraying the oil and is not for use as a motive power. Steam for this purpose is
raised in a generator L consisting of a single coil (or, if desired, two or more
generating coils may be used) which may be spiral as shown at fig. 1 or be a series
of rectangular or gridiron shaped tubes communicating with each other by.vertical con-
nections, as shown in side elevation and in plan at figs. 8 and 8ª, or the the equivalent
of these. The water for the coil L or equivalent, is, preferably, supplied from the
stand tube J the supply being regulated by a valve J³ and, if desired, also by means
of a small cone with a cental holo for passage of water inserted in the pipe. The
generator coil L or equivalent is placed, preferably, above the spraying coils K, K¹
and the steam generated in it passes into an annular steam chest or receiver M which
may be of ring shape as shown. Cross tubes M' may, if desired be fitted across the
central opening or flue N as shown in dotted lines. The steam chest M is shown of
oblong cross-section, although it may be square, round or of other suitable section, and
is placed immediately above the top of the flame which is allowed free passage
through the central opening N to a small funnel or chimney N¹. The steam
accumulated in the steam chest is supplied through suitable pipe connections to
the place where required for driving an engine or for other purposes. N' is the steam
outlet.
The apparatus, which may be enclosed in a suitable casing O supported on the oil
and water tank A, is very suitable for supplying steam for small engines such as
those in steam launches, torpedo boats and the like. Lugs or brackets O' are fitted
to the casing O to support the steam chest M. L' is a small door for enabling
the burner to be lit which may be done by pouring naphtha into the cup L² fitted on
top of the burner 1 as is usual with steam lamps. The heat generated from the
burning naphtha is sufficient to raise steam in the coil K, K' and so start the spray
flame. The flame soon heats up the coil L and when it is sufficiently heated water
can be admitted by turning the cock J³ and is immediately converted into steam
which passes into the superheating steam chest M from whence it passes to
the engine.
As shown at fig. 6 the oil spray heating apparatus may be separate from the steam
generator in which case the apparatus is or may be mounted portably on wheels P
or feet. Qis the oil tank which has a water jacket or casing R rivetted or otherwise
fitted to it, or the oil and water may be contained in two separate tanks connected
together as shown at fig. 2. Upon the top of the tanks Q, R the oil and water
stand pipes H, J may be fitted, either concentrically one within the other or separately
as shown. The water, as before, is led to the steam generating coil pipe K K³, or
equivalent and the oil to the burner, I. The heater or oil spray apparatus is shown
as fitted to burn with a horizontal flame. The burner I in this case has two channels
or ways I¹, I² in it at right angles to each other (as shown to a larger scale at fig. 9)
the one I for oil and the other I for the steam jet. The burner I which is, preferably,
cup shaped at its end, as shown, is fitted with a small tap or valve S above the oil inlet
to control the air supply to the vacuum in the burner. The valve S is or may be
surmounted by a small atmospheric ball or globe S¹ perforated with holes S². A. small
cylindrical piece S³ perforated with holes may be fitted in the burner so as to cover
up the outlet I and the superheated steam before escaping by the steam channel
passes through it and is cleared of any scale or dirt. The heater may in this case
be started instantaneously by means of an air jet from the oil or water tank in the
same manner as the lamp in my prior patent No. 1151788. When it is desired to
start the heater air is pumped into the tank Q, by the pump E, the cock D¹ on the
pipe D2 which on the one hand communicates with the air space in the tank Q and
on the other hand with the pipe J is then opened and an air blast is allowed to

page_text: circulate through the coil K, K' to the burner where it sprays the oil from the pipe H.
After the air spray flame has been playing for a few minutes the air can be cut off
and water turned on when it will immediately be converted into steam in the
coil K, K¹ and pass to the burner to spray the oil. A¹ are handles for enabling the
heater to be easily moved about and A2 are legs. C³ is a pressure gauge.
As shown at figs. 2, 3 and 4, the steam generator may consist of a series or maze
of horizontal water tubes T fitting at the ends, into two vertical welded or rivetted
iron or steel boxes or headers U which are, proferably, of square or oblong shape.
The tubular arrangement is surmounted by a horizontal cylindrical steam receiver
or drum V which communicates by vertical connections or pipes V1 V2 with the
headers or boxes U or their equivalent. The boxes may have their sides dished out
or convexed for greater strength if desired, as indicated in dotted lines at fig. 3, and
the water tubes may be arranged so that one series is inclined downwards from one
of the headers or boxes whilst the other series is inclined upwards from that box or
header as shown at fig. 3. The steam generators shown in these figs. are preferably
fitted in a brick built or brick lined casing U₁ as shown at fig. 2. The liquid fuel
flame from the heater plays into the furnace or casing U1 at the opening U.
As shown at fig. 5 the generator may consist of a vertical boiler W having fitted to
its under sido a number of horizontal water tubes T. The water tubes T are in this
arrangement connected together by tee and knee pieces T and connections T.
The generator may be enclosed within a casing O. In this case the liquid fuel burner
is fitted vertically underneath the generator and so that the flame plays directly upon
the water tubes.
The class of generators shown at figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 are applicable for general
steam raising purposes. ✗ are cleaning plugs. Y the safety valve. Z the gauge.
N' the steam outlet. N' the flue.
In fig. 7 a heater is shown as fitted to heat up an ordinary steam boiler W¹. The
flame is directed into the furnace through the furnace door opening, the door being
taken off. The coil K, K' is shown as enclosed in a conical casing K' which covers
over the mouth of the furnace. Oil is supplied to the burner in this case, by
gravitation form the oil tank Q shown supported on brackets R¹ fitted to the wall R³.
The water tank R may as shown be sunk into the floor.
In some cases when it is desired to raise a large steam supply more than one
burner or heater may be used.
Instead of using oil as the heat raising medium for the tubular steam generators
the heat may be generated by an ordinary coal, charcoal or wood fire. In this case
the steam generating coil or pipe of the heating apparatus may be fitted in the
chimney or other part of the furnace and a jet of steam be allowed to blow up the flue
and thus aid the natural draught. The water for the steam generating coil or pipe
would be supplied under pressure either from a water tank having a force pump on it
or by gravitation.
I am aware that water tube boilers heated by a coal or coke fire are old and it is
to be understood that I make no claim thereto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improved construction of steam generator comprising a base tank divided
by a partition into oil and water compartments, an oil spray burner fitted on top of
said base tank, a steam generating coil or its equivalent heated by the flame from said
burner and a steam receiver, connected to said generating coil or its equivalent,
the several parts being arranged substantially as herein before described and shown on
the annexed drawings.
2. The combination with the base tank A, of the oil spray burner I, self generating
coil K, K¹, steam generating coil L, receiver M and casing O, substantially as herein-
before described and shown on the annexed drawings.

page_text: 3. The portable heating apparatus comprising an oil tank mounted on wheels or
feet and having handles for its easy removal from place to place, a water tank fitted
to said oil tank, an oil spray burner connected to the oil tank and a self generating.
steam coil pipe connected to the water tank and heated by the flame from the burner,
all substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to fig. 6 of the annexed
drawings.
4. The combination with the liquid fuel heating apparatus of a steam generator
consisting of a series or maze of water tubes fitted at each end into welded iron or
steel boxes or headers which communicate with a steam receiver or drum, the
generator being heated by the liquid fuel flaine, substantially as hereinbefore described
and shown on the drawings annexed.
5. The combination with the vacuum controlling burner I (fig. 9), of a self
generating steam coil K, K', an oil tank Qand a water tank R, substantially as herein-
before described and shown on the drawings annexed.
Dated this Twenty-eighth day of March 1890.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.