Improvements in Machinery for Making Paper or Card-board Boxes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Nov., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 29th July, 1897-Accepted, 25th Sept., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Making Paper or Card-board
Boxes.
We, NETTLEFOLDS LIMITED, of Broad Street, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturers, and LOUIS EDWARD PARFITT, Manager at Nettlefolds Limited
Stirchley Street Works near Birmingham aforesaid do hereby declare the nature of
this Invention to be as follows:-
The said invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in machinery
for making paper or card-board boxes, whereby the construction and arrangement or
combination of the parts and the working of the said machinery are simplified; and,
paper or cardboard boxes are more expeditiously made by the said improved
inachinery than heretofore.
The paper or cardboard to be made into boxes is preferably supplied to the machine
from a continuous roll situated on a horizontal axis or spindle and we will describe
the said improved machinery as adapted to receive the said material from a continuous
roll.
In making paper or cardboard boxes by the machinery constituting the said
invention the paper or cardboard passes through three processes or operations or
series of operations. In the first operation a length of the paper or cardboard
sufficient to form a box is creased or scored at the parts which are to constitute the angles
of the sides top and bottom; nicks or cuts are also made in opposite sides of the strip
and the said length is cut from the strip. The scored, nicked and cut blank thus
formed is passed on to that part of the machine where it undergoes the second
operation or series of operations. In the said second operation, the blank is folded
lengthwise around a block or "former" and the opposite ends of the folded blank,
which together form one of the sides of the partly inade box, are secured together
preferably by two wire stitches. The partly made box thus formed is then passed on
to that part of the machine where it undergoes the third operation or series of
operations,
In the third operation the flaps at one end of the partly made box which flaps
were formed by the nicking or cutting of the opposite edges of the strip of paper or
card-board in the first described operation, are folded inwards so as to form the bottom
of the box, the said folded flaps being secured by a wire stitch. The box is thus
completed so far as the machine is concerned and is ready for use.
The operations or series of operations herein before described are effected by the
following construction and arrangement or combination of parts.
The paper or cardboard is fed from the roll between two parallel rotating cylinders
or pertions of cylinders on the surface of one of which is fitted a series of projecting
knives and creasers; the other cylinder having suitable grooves or beds to receive the
said knives and creasers. The said cylinders may have either a continuous rotary
mo: ion or an intermittent rotary motion. The cylinders are sufficiently close together
to grip and draw in between them the paper or cardboard fed from the roll. In
rotating the knives and creasers of the one cylinder cut through certain parts of the

page_text: opposite edges of the strip and crease other parts the said creases being formed at
those parts which are to form the angles of the sides and top and botto:n of the
finished box. The scored and nicked or cut part of the paper or cardboard is then
severed from the strip either by a knife on the surface of one of the cylinders, or by
a separate knife forming part of the machine. The rotation of the cylinders advances
the blank thus made under a horizontal fixed block or "former" situated at right
angles to the line of travel of the blank. A folding tool then rises vertically
and folds the parts of the blank on either side of the block or "former" at right
angles to the other part. The parts of the sides projecting above the block or
"toriner" are turned down one after the other by horizontal folding tools operating
one after the other from opposite sides of the block. The last operating folding tool
retains the flap folded by it flat, until the two parts or ends constituting the side thus
formed are secured by wire stitches. Preferably two stitches are made in the said
side either simultaneously by a pair of stitching tools or one after the other by the
use of one stitching tool, the partly made box being carried a short distance
horizontally on the block or former after the first stitch has been made for the purpose
of receiving the second stitch. The vertical folder has then a horizontal notion by
which it carries the partly made box off the block or "former" herein before described
onto one of a series of (preferably four) arms having an intermittent rotary motion
in a vertical plane. The vertical folding tool then descends and returns by a
horizontal notion to its proper position under the fixed block or "former"
herein before described ready to operate on the next blank.
The arm of the rotating series of arins, on to which the partly made box has been
passed is turned through a quadrant and thus brings the partly made box from a
horizontal into a vertical position with the flaps, which are to constitute the bottom
of the box, projecting above the end of the arin. The said flaps are then folded
down by folding tools and a stitching tool similar to the one herein before referred to
inserts one or more stitches through the several folded flaps constituting the
bottom.
On the intermittent rotary motion of the series of arms bringing the arm on which
the box has been finished into a downward position a stripping device removes the box
from the said arm and permits it to fall from the machine.
Dated this Fourth day of November 1806
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Making Paper or Card-board
Boxes.
We, NETTLEFOLDS LIMITED, of Broad Street, Birmingham, in the County
Warwick Manufacturers, and LOUIS EDWARD PARFITT, Manager at Nettlefolds Limited,
Stirchley Street Works, near Birmingham, aforesaid do hereby declare the nature of
the said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The said invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in machinery
for making paper or card-board boxes, whereby the construction and arrangement or
combination of the parts and the working of the said machinery are simplified; and
paper or cardboard boxes are more expeditiously made by the said improved machinery
than heretofore.
The paper or cardboard to-be made into boxes is preferably supplied to the machine

page_text: from a continuous roll situated on a horizontal axis or spindle and we will describe
the said improved machinery as adapted to receive the said material from a continuous
roll,
In making paper or cardboard boxes by the machinery constituting the said
invention the paper or cardboard after passing between straightening rolls undergoes
three processes or operations or series of operations. In the first operation, a length
of the paper or cardboard sufficient to forin a box is creased or scored at the parts
which are to constitute the angles of the sides, top and bottom; nicks or cuts are also
made in opposite sides and at the end of the strip. The scored, and nicked blank
thus formed is passed on to that part of the machine where it undergoes the second
operation or series of operations. In the said second operation, the blank is cut from
the strip folded lengthwise around a block or "fortner" and the opposite ends of the
folded blank, which together form one of the sides of the partly made box, are secured.
together preferably by two wire stitches. The partly made box thus formed is then
passed on to that part of the machine where it undergoes the third operation or series
of operations.
In the third operation, the flaps at one end of the partly made box, which flaps were
formed by the nicking or cutting of the opposite edges and end of the strip of paper
or cardboard in the first described operation, are folded inwards so as to form the
bottom of the box, the said folded flaps being secured by a wire stitch. The box is
thus completed so far as the machine is concerned and is ready for use.
The operations or series of operations herein before described are effected by the
following construction and arrangement or combination of parts.
The paper or cardboard is fed from the roll between two straightening rollers and
thence between two parallel rotating cylinders or portions of cylinders on the surface
of one of which is fitted a series of projecting knives and creasers the other cylinder
having suitable grooves or beds to receive the said knives and creasers. The said
cylinders may have either a continuous rotary motion or an intermittent rotary
motion. The cylinders are sufficiently close together to grip and draw in between
them the paper or cardboard fed from the roll. In rotating, the knives and creasers
of the one cylinder cut through certain parts of the opposite edges, and end of the
strip and crease other parts, the said creases being formed at those parts which are
to form the angles of the sides and top and bottom of the finished box. The scored
and nicked or cut part of the paper or cardboard is then severed from the strip either
by a knife on the surface of one of the cylinders, or by a separate knife forming part
of the machine. The rotation of the cylinders advances the blank thus made under
a horizontal fixed block or "foriner" situated at right angles to the line of travel of
the blank. A folding tool then rises vertically and folds the parts of the blank on
either side of the block or "former" at right angles to the other part. The parts of
the two sides projecting above the block or "former" are turned down one after the
other by horizontal folding tools operating one after the other from opposite sides of
the block. The last operating folding tool retains the flap folded by it fint, until the
two parts or ends constituting the side thus formed are secured by wire stitches.
Preferably two stitches are made in the said side either simultaneously by a pair of
stitching tools or one after the other by the use of one stitching tool, the partly made
box being carried a short distance horizontally on the block or "former" after the
first stitch has been made for the purpose of receiving the second stitch. The
vertical folder has then a horizontal motion by which it carries the partly made box
off the block or "former" herein before described on to one of a series of, (preferably
four) arms having an intermittent rotary motion in a vertical plane. The vertical
folding tool then descends and returns by a horizontal motion to its proper position
under the fixed block or "former" hereinbefore described ready to operate on the
next blank.
The arm, of the rotating series of arms, on to which the partly mode box has been
passed is turned through a quadrant and thus brings the partly made box from a
horizontal into a vertical position with the flaps, which are to constitute the bottom of
the box, projecting above the end of the arm."

page_text: The said flaps are then folded down by folding tools and a stitching tool, similar to
the one hereinbefore referred to, inserts one or more stitches through the several
folded flaps constituting the bottom/
On the intermittent rotary motion of the series of arms bringing the arm on which
the box has been finished into a downward position a dripping device removes the
box from the said arm and permits it to fall froin the machine.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents in side elevation machinery for
making paper or cardboard boxes constructed according to the said invention;
Figure 2 represents the same in plan the stitching mechanism being omitted;
Figures 2 to 24 both inclusive represent portions of the said machinery drawn to a
larger scale than Figures 1 and 2, and Figures 25 to 29 both inclusive represent the
various stages in the manufacture of a paper or cardboard box according to the said
invention.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the
Drawings.
We will first describe briefly the principal parts of the machine and afterwards
describe the said parts in detail and the mechanism for operating the same.
A is the continuous roll of paper or cardboard to be made into boxes the said roll A
being supported on the spindle a carried by the bracket B attached to the frame of
the machine. The said cardboard is intermittently drawn off the roll A by the action
hereinafter described of the scoring or creasing and nicking or cutting rolls E, F
shown separately in side and front elevation in Figures 3 and 4 respectively. The
cardboard passes first through the flattening or straightening device C (see
Figure 2) by which the tendency in the cardboard « to curl after it has left the
roll A is counteracted. From the flattening or straightening device C the cardboard a
passes. between the guiding rolls a, aand from thence along a horizontal table 6 to
the pair of creasing and nicking rolla E F best seen in Figures 3, 4 and 5; Figure 5
is a portion of Figure 1 drawn to a larger scale.
From the said creasing and nicking rolls E, F the cardboard a passes under the
fixed horizontal hollow bar or mandril G hereinafter called the "foriner." The said
"former" is seen in end elevation in Figure 1 and drawn to a larger scale in
Figures 6, 7 and 8. When the creased and nicked cardboard a is in its proper
position under the "former" G, that is, when the end of the cardboard a is in contact
with the stop d (see Figure 1) the creased and nicked length of cardboard a is severed
from the continuous length of the same by the knife H best seen in Figures 5,9 and 10.
The said knife H carries stripping plates h, h by which two of the corner pieces of the
nicked and scored or creased blank are detached as will he understood by reference
to the creased, nicked and cut off blank represented in Figure 26, the said corner
pieces falling from the machine.
The prepared blank of paper or car.lboard Figure 26 is folded around the hollow
horizontal har G constituting the "former" by a forked folding tool I, carried by a
compound slide 1, 12 (see Figures 6, 7 and 8) which forked folding tool I. rising
presses the parts of the blank on opposite sides of the former G against the vertical
sides of the said former. The parts of the blank projecting above the top of the
former G are folded down one after the other by the jointed spring fingers or levers i¹,"
'best seen in Figure 6.
The folded blank is moved along the former G by a pair of horizontal strippers L, L
carried by the slide L. until the said folded blank is in position for receiving the first
stitch (see Figures 27, 28 and 29) after which it is moved a little further along
the former Guntil it is in position for receiving the second stitch . The stitching
mechanism may however be duplicated and both stitches made simultaneously.
The said stitches k', are effected by the stitching mechanism I shown only in
Figure 1.
The details of the stitching mechanism I as well as the one hereinafter referred
to for effecting the stitching of the bottom of the box we have not thought it
necessary to describe and represent as they constitute no part of the said invention
and are well known mechanisms for effecting the stapling of cardboard boxes

page_text: commonly called stitching. Further, we wish it to be understood that we do not
limit ourselves to the use of any particular stitching mechanism as any of the well
known mechanisms for effecting the said object may be combined with the parts.
constituting the said invention.
After the folded or tubular blank has been thus stitched the partly made box is
passed on to one of the arms m of a four armed tool M, hereinafter called the
turnover M. The said turnover M is shown separately in elevation in Figure 11,
vertical section in Figure 12 and part detached in Figure 13. The folded or tubular
blank is passed on to the arm m which is in the 1st position (see Figures 7 and 11),
that is, is in line with the former G until the end of the tubular blank comes in
contact with the stops m' m' in which position the end flaps at the other end of
the folded or tubular blank project from the end of the arin m. The turnover M
has an intermittent motion, through a quarter of a rotation in the direction of the
arrow in Figure 11 being operated by the mechanism hereinafter described and
represented in Figures 23 and 24. By the first partial rotation of the turnover M
the horizontal arm m on to which the folded or tubular blank has been passed is
turned into the vertical or 2nd position and while the said arm is in this position
the end flaps of the blank to form the bottom of the box are folded by the folding
tools represented in Figures 14, 14, 15, 15, 16 and 17 and the bottom stitch is
made by the stitching mechanism J shown only in Figure 1. When the turnover M
has received two more intermittent partial rotations the arm m with the now
finished box thereon is brought into the 4th position, and the said box is removed
from the said arm m by stripping mechanisin best suen in Figures 18, 19, 20, 21,
and 22 and falls from the machine. One of the finished boxes is represented in
Figure 29.
It will be understood that each time the arms m reach the 1st position a folded or
tubular blank of the kind represented in Figures 27 and 28 is passed or fed thereon
and that while one plank is being fed on the horizontal arm in line with the former G
the bottom of a box is being folded and stitched on the arm m in the 2nd
position and a finished box is on the arm in the 3rd position ready to be stripped
therefrom on the said arm reaching the 4th position, and a box is at the same time
being removed from the vertical arm in the 4th position.
We will now proceed to describe the several parts of the machinery in detail and
the mechanism for operating the same.
The cardboard a as it is drawn from the roll A is flattened or straightened, that is
has its tendency to curl counteracted by the flattening or straightening device C,
best seen in the plan of the said device detached represented in Figure 2. The said
device consists essentially of a pair of small adjustable rolls or cylinders c, c between
which the paper is passed as will be seen by reference to Figure 1. The path of the
paper or cardboard in passing between the rolls c, c crosses the path that the paper
would take in passing to the guiding rolls a², a² were the flattening or straightening
rolls c, c dispensed with and the said rolls c, c are so arranged that the
angle which the paper takes in passing between them is gradually
increased as the paper is drawn more and more from the roll, A that is,
as the paper is drawn from the roll A nearer and nearer to the axis a' of the
said roll. The said automatic adjustinent of the rolls c, c is effected by a lever c¹ the
free end of which carries a roller which rests on the surface of the roll A and is
preserved in contáct therewith by a weight or spring. The rolls c, e are carried by
plates e, the middle parts of which are fixed to the spindle to which the lever c' is
fixed. The rolls c, c are adjustable that is can be brought neares together or separated
to a greater distance apart as required by the condition of the cardboard.
The motions hereinafter described of the principal parts of the inachine are taken
from a main or principal shaft 1 (see Figures 1 and 2).
The creasing or scoring and nicking or cutting rolls E, F by which the cardboard a
is drawn from the roll A are driven from the main or principal shaft 1 as follows. On
the said main shaft 1 is a mitre wheel 2 gearing with a mitre wheel 3 on a short or
counter shaft 4. On the other end of the counter shaft 4 is a spur wheel 5 gearing

page_text: through an intermediate spur wheel 6 with a spur wheel 7 on the shaft to which
the feeding roll F if keyed. The spur wheels 5 and 7 are of the same diameter. The
roll E is driven from the shaft f by spur wheels FE' of equal diameter.
It will be seen by an examination of Figures 3 and 4 that the feeding rolls E, F
are portions of cylinders only and that therefore the feeding of the cardboard a
effected by them is intermittent. The bite of the rolls E, F is preferably increased
by providing the upper roll E with pads e, e of a soft or yielding material such for
example as leather. The roll E is provided with a series of ribs or creasers and
knives at the proper distances apart and the roll F is provided with a series of plain
and nicked plates at positions corresponding with the positions of the knives
and creasers of the roll E.
are
In order to produce on the cardboard a the longitudinal end ents o, o and
creases o, o (see the portion of the strip a represented in Figare 25) curved ribbed
plates e, e' are secured by screws to the face of the roll E parallel to the edges of the
same, the front parts e having a cutting edge; and in order to produce the cross
creases o¹, o¹, o¹, ol the face of the roll E is provided with a series of cross ribs e, e², e², e².
To effect the side cuts o2 in the opposite edges of the strip, Figure 25, knives,
fixed in opposite sides of the roll E. To permit of the ready detachment of the
knives for sharpening or for other purpose, the roll E is provided with slotted
flanges E, E in the slots of which the knives e, are fixed by wedging blocks e, et.
The wedging blocks are drawn inwards so as to effect the fixing of the knives e³ by
screw nuts e, e taking on screw pins e, e on the inner ends of the wedging
blocks e, e
We wish it to be understood that the cutting and creasing edges of the roll E may
be made in one piece with the said roll but we prefer the arrangement described and
represented as it permits of the ready removal of the cutting and creasing edges for
renewal or repair.
In order to prevent the disturbance of the cardboard a during the non-acting
portion of the rotation of the rolls E, F, a gripping plate N (see Figure 5) is pivotted
to uprights ns, at opposite sides of the table b. The lower edge of the plate N is
made to grip the cardboard a between itself and the table 6 by the action of a pair
of springs N, N¹. When the rolls E F by their rotation reach their nacting or feeding
position, the said gripping plate N is turned in the direction of the arrow in Figure 5
so as to release the cardboard a, by the action of a cam like projection E on the side
of the toothed wheel E¹ which projection E2 comes in contact with a roller n¹ on a
lever pivotted at n² to one of the standards between which the roll E is situated.
The motion of the lever n is transmitted to the pivotted plate N by a connecting
rod n³ and arm n' on the spindle N2 of the gripping plate N. On the feeding rolls E, F
passing off the cardboard a the projection E escapes the roller ' and the springs N' N
effect the return of the gripping plate N and its lifting mechanism to their normal
or cardboard holding position.
The creased and nicked cardboard a is fed by the rolls E, F under the former G
(see Figures 6, 7 and 8). When the end of the cardboard a is in contact with the
stop (see Figure 1) a sufficient length of nicked and creased cardboard to form two
boxes is situated between the said stop d and the feeding rolls E, F and the nicked
and creased portion of the cardboard in position under the former G has to be cut
from the creased and nicked portion of the cardboard adjacent to the rolls E, F. This
is effected by the knife H (see Figures 9 and 10) which is operated by the cam 8 on
the main shaft. 1 acting through the lever H1, H2, fulcrumed at H, and connecting
rod H. The arm H2 of the lever H H2, is raised by the spring Ho (see Figure 9
The knife H carries a pair of stripping plates h, h by which the corners at the forward
end of the nicked and creased blank are removed on the actuating of the knife H as
hereinbefore explained.
The nicked and creased and cut off blank situated under the "former" G is held
thereto by a pair of plate springs g, g. The forked slide L, 1 is raised by the action
of the cam L³ on the shaft f which can operates an arm 13 keyed to a shaft 2 carrying
a pair of arms ', . In the first or normal position of the parts, a più or projection

page_text: on the arm is situated under a pin or projection on the vertical slide L' and on the
turning of the arin by the action of the cam L the slide L' is raised and the
folding tool L is made to press the cardboard a on opposite sides of the former G
against the vertical sides of the same as is indicated in dotted lines in Figure 6. The
slide LL is preserved in its raised position by a spring . The part of the
cardboard projecting above the former G are folded in succession on the top of
the former by the folding tools , which are respectively actuated by a projection E
on the spur wheel E' and by a cam Es also on the spar wheel E. The projection E.
acts on a crank lever which is connected by a connecting rod i to the arın i³ of the
folding tool or lever a, and thereby effects the motion of the said folding lever and
the folding down of one of the sides, of the partly folded blank, projecting above
the former G. On the further rotation of the spur wheel E' the cam E acts on a
crank lever i which is connected by a connecting rod ' to the arm is of the folding
lever, and thereby effects the closing of the portion of the blank projecting above
the other side of the former G, the folding lever s', being simultaneously mised.
The cardboard blank has been thus converted into an open ended tube, its open ends
having flaps to form the top and bottom of the box. The folding lever , remains
in its folding down position during the transmission of the tubular blank along the
former G to receive the stitches, 2 which secure the parts, at the double side of the
tubular blank, together. The said transmission of the folded or tubular blank is
effected by a pair of spring strippers l, attached to the forked arms L of the
slide I. 1 on the motion of the horizontal slide L. The motion of the horizontal
slide L2 is effected by a cam 9 on the main shaft 1 which cam 9 acts through a
lever 10, connecting rod 11, lever 12 and link 13 connected to the slide 1. "The
lever 10 is fulerumed at 14 and the lever 12 is fulcrumed at 15.
The slide 12 moves the folded or tubular blank under the stitching device I which
makes and feeds the wire stitches or staples in the ordinary way. The stitches are
clinched on the inner side of the folded blank by a lever 12 pivoted at I¹ in the
former G. The inner end of the clinching lever acta on a clinching block 1'. The
clinching lever I is operated by a cat 1 (see Figure 1) on the spur wheel F the said
cam acting through a lever I and connecting rod I°. The outer end of the lever I is
raised after the clinching operation by the spring 1. After the formation of the first
stitch k the slide 12 moves the folded or tubular blank in position for receiving the
second stitch k² and then passes the stitched folded tubular blank on to the arm m of
the turnover M presented to the former G.
The slides L'1 are returned to their normal position as follows:-The motion of
the horizontal slide L has brought the pin at the bottom of the raised vertical slide L
under the pin on the arm and the cam 13 effecting the turning of the arms l¹, l'in
the direction of the dotted arrow in Figure 6 the vertical slide L is pulled down into
its lowest position. The horizontal slide L is returned to its normal position by
means of a spring not shown in the drawings.
The turnover M is intermittently operated, that is is partially rotated by the action
of an arm 17 (see Figures 23 and 24) on the main shaft 1, a pin or roller on the end
of which arm 17 takes into one of the slots t', t, t¹, t' in the face of a disc t fixed on
the shaft 16 to which the turnover M is keyed. The pin on the said arm 17 enters
the nearly horizontal slot presented to it (see Figure 23) and turning the disc & through
a quadrant brings the slot into a nearly vertical position and passes out of the saine,
By this action the folded and stitched cardboard blank which had been passed in the
way hereinbefore described on to the arin m in the 1st position is brought into the
2nd or vertical position under the stitching device J. The disc t is locked each time
it comes to rest by a pin r on a spring lever which pin r engages in one of a series
of notches t, t, t, t in the periphery of the disc t. The lever is depressed for the
purpose of unlocking the disc t and turnover M on the pin or roller of the arm 17
entering one of the slots by a cam 18 on the main shaft I acting on the said lever 1.
The partly inade box baving been brought into the 2nd position described the end
flaps of the same projecting from the arm m of the turnover are folded in the following.
manner.
1

page_text: A cam 19 (see Figure 2) on the main shaft 1 effects the turning of an arm or
lever 20 and consequent depression of a connecting rod 21 (see Figure 7) attached
to a crank lever 22 the free end of which engages behind a projection 8 on a two
part slide 8, 6, see Figures 14 to 17 both inclusive. To the part 8 of the slide 8, 82
à pair of links u, u is jointed the other ends of which links are connected to
levers v, v fulcrumed at v, v to the slide bed w. Each of the said levers v, v has
a pair of fingers v1, v2 situated one above the other the upper fingers v, v being
somewhat longer than the lower fingers v, v. By the action described of the cam 19
the levers v, v are closed as shown in Figures 15 and 15 and the narrower end flaps
of the folded blank on the arin m of the turnover are folded down. On the closing
of the levers v, v the upper fingers v', v, first strike the narrower flaps and ensure
their passing between the wider flaps and the lower fingers v2, v coming into action
fold the said narrower flaps flat upon the end of the vertical arm m of the turnover.
The two parts 8, 8 of the slide are connected by a cranked lever 3 pivoted to the
part 8 as is best seen in Figure 14-
On the motion described of the slide 8, 82 the vertical arm of the lever 3 strikes
against the horizontal screw pin w passing through the bridge 1e on the slide bed w
and the said cranked lever is turned through such an angle that the hooked end
which engages the part & is freed and the parts is pulled by the action of its
spring into its back position by which action the folding levers v, v are opened.
The forward motion of the part 8 of the slide continues until the wider end flap of
the partly roade box presented to it has been folded thereby, as represented in
Figure 16, when the cam 19 releasing the parts connected to the cranked lever 22,
a pair of springs y, y effect the withdrawal of the parts of the slide and its return to
the norinal position represented in Figures 14 and 14^.
The last end flap of the partly made box is folded by a sliding plate s which is
actuated by a spring & fixed at its front end to the frame of the machine and at its
rear end to the rod 8' of the sliding plate s. The said plate s remains on the end
flap folded by it (see Figure 17) during the bottom stitching of the box, after which
the plate s is withdrawn by the action of a cam 23 on the main shaft 1 acting on the
arin of a lever 21, 22, the arm of which is connected to a chain, passing over,
a guiding roller 2, attached to the rod 87 of the plate or folder 8.
The clinching of the bottom stitch of the box is effected by providing each of the
arms m of the turnover M with a rod or plunger m and a pair of small jointed
clinching blocks m', m. The rod or plunger m' of the arm m in the 2nd position
is, on the insertion of the wire staple or stitch, raised for effecting the clinching
operation by a lever m³ actuated through a connecting rod m' and lever m which
last named lever is turned by the action of the cam 24 on the main shaft 1.
The box thus finished is after two more partial rotations of the turnover M stripped
from the arm m carrying it as follows.
A vertical dovetail slide S (see the plan Figure 21 and cross section Figure 22)
carries a spring pressed and hooked end stripping lever T (see Figures 18, 19 and
20) which slide S, when the arm m reaches the 4th position, is in its lowest position
with the stripping lever T in its back or non-acting position (see Figure 20). The
slide S is raised by the action of a spring S1 (see Figure 2) acting on a lever St
the other end of which is connected by a link S3 to the bottom of the slide S. On
the raising of the slide S the stripper T is pressed into its acting or stripping
position by a screw pin S which strikes against the upper side of a projection Ton
a small or supplementary slide T (see the cross section Figure 22) which slide T has
an incline T which passes under the stripper T and forces the stripper into the
acting position represented in Figure 19 and holds it there.
The stripper is pulled down for removing the box from the arm m by the action
of a cam 25 on the inaia shaft 1 which cam acts on and depresses the spring lever S
herein before referred to.
The box (Figure 29) having been stripped off the arm m the stripper T is
returned to its back or non-acting position by the screw pin S' which strikes against
the lower side of the projection T on the supplementary slide T and effects the

page_text: pushing of the said slide T' from behind the stripper T and the stripper is returned
to its normal position by the action of its p'ate spring.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we
claim as the said invention of:-" Improvements in machinery for making paper or
cardboard boxes."
First In machinery of the construction claimed in the following clains when
making boxes from paper or cardboard supplied to the machinery from a continuous
roll; the combination of an automatic device for flattening or straightening the
paper or cardboard and counteracting the tendency in the paper or cardboard to curl
after it leaves the roll, the said device consisting essentially of a pair of adjustable
rolls of small diameter between which the paper or cardboard is passed the said rolls
being carried by plates having at their middle pivots or spindles turning in bearings
fixed on the framing of the machine to one of which pivots or spindles a lever is
fixed, the free end of the lever being kept in contact with the roll of paper or
cardboard and acting substantially as hereinafter described and illustrated in
Figures 1, 2 and 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly-In machinery for the manufacture of paper or cardboard boxes from a
strip of paper or cardboard, the use of a pair of creasing or scoring and nicking or
cutting rolls for drawing the paper or cardboard into the machine and at the same
time scoring the saine at the parts which are to form the angles of the box and
cutting or nicking the portions of the two edges and end of the strip to form
the end flaps of the box substantially as herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly; In machinery for the manufacture of paper or cardboard boxes, the use
of a "former" consisting essentially of a hollow bar crossing at right angles the line
of travel of the blank, and the combination with the said "former" of a folding tool
carried by a compound slide for folding the blank on opposite sides of the "former "
and folding levers or tools for closing the open side of the partly folded blank and
converting it into an open ended tube and a stitching machine for making and feeding
and inserting wire stitches or staples into the blank folded on the "former" and
clinching the same the several parts being constructed, arranged and worked
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 6, 7 and 8 of
the accompanying Drawings.
Fourthly; In machinery for the manufacture of paper or cardboard boxes the
use of a turnover or tool for receiving the paper or cardboard open end tube from the
horizontal "former" and carrying the said paper or cardboard tube to mechanism for
folding the end flaps and stitching the saine together, the said turnover having an
intermittent notion through a quadrant imparted to it by a rotating arm on the
main shaft of the machine, a pin or roller on which arm engages on each rotation of
the arm in one of a series of slots in the face of a disc on the turnover shaft the said
slotted disc being locked, on the pin or roller of the rotating arm passing out of the
slot, by a stud on a lever engaging in one of a series of notches in the periphery
of the slotted disc substantially as herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 1, 2, 11, 12, 13, 14, 14, 15, 15, 16, 17, 18 19, 20, 23 and 24 of the
accompanying drawings.
Fifthly; The combination with the turnover claimed in the prior claim, of
nechanism for folding the end flaps of the box the said mechanism consisting of
a pair of jointed levers and a pair of horizontal slides and also mechanism for making,
feeding, and inserting the stitch or staple in the bottom of the box and mechanism
for clinching the same the last named mechanism consisting of plungers in the arms
of the turnover which plungers bear at their inner ends against jointed clinching
blocks, the outer ends of the plungers terminating near the axis of the turnover and
resting on the end of a lever having a vertical angular motion substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 11, 12, 13, 14, 14, 15, 15, 16,
and 17 of the accompanying Drawings.

page_text: Sixthly-The combination with the turnover claimed in the Fourth Claim of
mechanism for stripping the paper or cardboard box from the arm of the turnover on
which the said box has been finished, the said mechanism consisting of a vertical
compound slide carrying a hooked stripping lever which lever is pressed into its
acting position by an incline on the supplementary slide of the compound slide
which incline is forced behind the stripping lever on the compound slide reaching
its upmost position and is withdrawn froin behind the stripping lever on the compound
slide reaching its lowest position substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22 of the accompanying Drawings.
Seventhly Machinery for the manufacture of paper or cardboard boxes consisting
essentially of a pair of creasing and cutting rolls, a knife for cutting the creased and
cut blank from the strip of paper or cardboard, a "former" and folding and stitching
tools to be used therewith, a turnover for receiving the partly made box from the
"former" and carrying the said box to the tools used with the said turnover for
finishing the box and removing the finished box froin the arm of the turnover, the
several parts being constructed arranged and operating substantially as herein before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.