IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR OPENING, CARDING, AND CLEANING COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS WHEN IN A MANUFACTURED OR PARTIALLY MANUFACTURED STATE
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Pilkington Holden, of Bolton-le-Moors, in
the County of Lancaster, Waste Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR OPENING, CARDING, AND CLEANING
COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS WHEN IN A MANUFACTURED OR
PARTIALLY MANUFACTURED STATE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Pilkington
Holden at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Peti-
tion, on the 16th December 1859.
1, EDWARD PILKINGTON HOLDEN, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of
Lancaster, Waste Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR OPENING, CARDING, AND
CLEANING COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, WHEN IN A MANUFACTURED OR
PARTIALLY MANUFACTURED STATE," to be as follows:-
My Invention is chiefly applicable in the manufacture of waste for cleaning
machinery, and for other purposes, and it consists in causing the cotton or other
fibrous materials of which the waste is to be made to pass through a machine
similar to a carding engine, but with drums and rollers covered with very
strong card fillet, or with spikes or teeth; the cotton or other fibrous
materials which usually consist of the ends of cops, or of pieces of fabric, or
of shoddy, or of a mixture thereof, is fed into the machine, and after being.
opened, carded, and cleaned by the working rollers, is delivered by a doffer, as
[Price 8d.]

page_text: in other carding engines, thereby effecting a considerable saving in the manu-
facture of waste, or in opening, carding, and cleaning cotton and other fibrous
materials for paper makers or other purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Pilkington Holden in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 14th June 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
PILKINGTON HOLDEN, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, Waste
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Edward Pilkington Holden, Her special licence that I, the
said Edward Pilkington Holden, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Edward Pilkington Holden, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR OPENING,
CARDING, AND CLEANING COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, WHEN IN A
MANUFACTURED OR PARTIALLY MANUFACTURED STATT," upon the condition
(amongst others) that 1, the said Edward Pilkington Holden, my executors,
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Pilkington Holden, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
My Invention is chiefly applicable in the manufacture of waste for cleaning
machinery, and for other purposes, and it consists in causing the cotton or

page_text: other fibrous materials of which the waste is to be made to pass through a
machine similar to a carding engine, but with drums and rollers covered with
very strong card, fillet, or with spikes or teeth; the cotton or other fibrous
materials, which usually consist of the ends of cops, or of pieces of fabric, or
of shoddy, or of a mixture thereof, is fed into the machine, and after being
opened, carded, and cleaned by the working rollers, is delivered by a doffer, as
in other carding engines, thereby effecting a considerable saving in the manu-
facture of waste, or in opening, carding, and cleaning cotton, and other fibrous
materials for paper makers, or other purposes.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Drawing,
reference being had to the letters and arrows marked thereon.
a is the feeding apron, passing over the rollers b and c, on to which apron
the ends of cops or other materials to be converted into waste are fed, and by
which they are carried forward to the feeding rollers d and e; f is the clearer,
which clears the under feed roller e, and delivers the material to the small
drum g; this drum revolves in the direction of the arrow, and is provided
underneath with a grid h, through which a great portion of the dirt and dust
which is loosened by the action of the drum escapes; the drum g delivers the
materials to the main drum i, which carries them forward and deposits them
on the doffer roller after they have been opened, carded, and cleaned by the
action of the workers k, h, k, and clearers 1, 1. 1. The rollers and drums d, e,
f, g, i, j, k, and I are all covered with strong card, fillet, or fine spikes or teeth.
The tin roller m, placed partly under the main drum i and doffer j, serves to
prevent the materials dropping on the floor, or accumulating on the main
drum i. When the materials are deposited on the doffer, they are converted
into the article of commerce known as cleaning waste, which is extensively
used in all machine-making establishments for cleaning purposes. The waste
is removed from the circumference of the doffer by the rollers n and o, the
latter of which is of polished iron or other metal, and the former, which is
weighted, is made by preference of wood, covered with felt and leather; the
waste after passing between the rollers n and o is delivered to the roller p,
which is covered with vulcanized india-rubber or other suitable material, and
it is then formed into a lap, as shewn at g; the roller p serves also to clear the
surface of the roller o.. When the lap roller is full it is removed from the
machine, and an empty one put in its place.
In the machines hitherto employed for manufacturing cleaning waste drums
with long curved spikes are employed; the materials of which the waste is
made are fed in until the spaces between the spikes are filled up, the machine

page_text: is then stopped, and the waste is removed by cutting across the layer of waste
and reversing the motion of the drum, thereby causing a great loss of time,
whereas, according to my improvements, the supply of the materials and the
delivery of the waste is continuous.
I wish to remark that the machine I have shewn for carrying my Invention
into operation may be modified by dispensing with the small drum g, and
bringing the feed rollers d and e close up to the main drum i; in this case the
clearing roller would be above instead of below the feed rollers d and e. The
number of workers and clearers k and may also be increased or diminished.
I would also observe, that my improvements are applicable for opening,
carding, and cleaning, cotton and other fibrous materials for paper makers, and
for other purposes. The mode of communicating motion to the various parts
of the machine is partly shewn by dotted lines, and as it is very similar
to that used in common carding engines, it is unnecessary to describe it in
detail.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I declare that I claim the improved combination of
machinery shewn and described, or any mere modification thereof, for opening,
carding, and cleaning cotton and other fibrous materials when in a manu-
factured or partially manufactured state.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Pilkington Holden, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
E. P. HOLDEN. (L.S.)