IMPROVED APPARATUS TO FACILITATE DRAWING AND SKETCHING
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Blaisie Armande Léonide Hautrivo, of Shrews-
bury, in the County of Salop, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
APPARATUS TO FACILITATE DRAWING AND SKETCHING."
Sealed the 2nd July 1872, and dated the 30th April 1872.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Blaisie Armande Léonide
Hautrive at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition and Declaration, on the 30th April 1872, pursuant to the
9th Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BLAISIE
ARMANDE LÉONIDE HAUTRIVE, of Shrewsbury, in the County of Salop,
send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS
TO FACILITATE DRAWING AND SKETCHING," and have petitioned Her Majesty
to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal
Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn Declaration that I
am the true and first Inventor thereof.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Blaisie Armande Léonide Hautrive,
do hereby declare that the following. Complete Specification, under my
hand and seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, in and by
the following statement, that is to say :—
The object of my said Invention is to facilitate drawing and sketching
from nature or models or flat surfaces by indicating in the most accurate
manner the relative length and breadth of every portion of the view, or
drawing, or model for the delineation of which it is employed.
The apparatus consists of two frames, from the external rims of which 1
white threads are stretched horizontally and perpendicularly at equal
distances, thereby forming squares of equal size. Two red threads, one
in each direction, are stretched across each frame to serve as points of
reference for the eye. One of the frames is placed in a grooved plate at
the top of a rod or bar, and which has holes or apertures formed therein, 1
by preference at about seven-eighths of an inch apart from each other.
A pillar or standard is provided, also furnished with a corresponding
number of holes or apertures, and with which the said rod or bar is
connected and adjusted to the desired height by means of two pegs or
screws which pass through the respective holes or apertures. The pillar 2
or standard is terminated by a cross footed or other suitable stand, the
whole apparatus when connected thus forming a kind of screen which is
placed between the artist and the object or objects to be delineated, in
such manner if possible that the light may fall upon the threads and
define them clearly. The other or second frame is laid flat upon the 2
paper or other surface which is employed, to which it is fixed by means
of drawing pins, and the artist then delineates or sketches in cach
square the respective portions of the subject, beginning by preference
at the left hand, and taking care to compare the points where the red
threads of the screen appear to cut on the subject with the position he 8
gives to the same points in his drawing.
When one or several objects of less dimensions than the superficies of
the frame is or are to be drawn, the latter is placed by the side in a
groove of a socket provided for that purpose, which keeps it in a
perpendicular position. It is then placed on a table immediately in 3
front of the object or objects at a requisite distance from the eye, as will
be readily understood by the artist.

page_text: is formed of two pillars or standards, each having holes or apertures
formed therein for the reception of the adjusting pegs or screws. The
frame is placed in a grooved plate at the top of one of the pillars or
5 standards, whilst the other pillar or standard is fixed steadily in the
ground by means of a metallic point or spike by which it is terminated.
The frame is then set to the required height by the moveable pegs or
screws.
The frames may of course be placed either longitudinally or vertically
as regards their respective diameters, and the distance from the artist of
the frame through which the object or objects is or are seen is adjusted
so as to give a satisfactory view of the same without fatiguing the eye.
When the apparatus is used for drawing from flat surfaces, one of the
frames is fixed on the copy by means of drawing pins, thus obviating
3 the necessity for the disfigurement thereof by ruled lines, as in the
method ordinarily adopted.
The size of the frames which by preference I use is twelve inches by
nine inches, as such dimensions embrace as large an angle as is usually
desirable for landscapes or other sketches; the screen can be raised or
lowered or be moved to the right or to the left as may be required, and
the frame which is laid flat on the paper must also be moved in the
same direction, care being taken that the part of the subject which was
covered by the last horizontal or by the last perpendicular row of squares
of the screen and of the frame placed on the paper should in such
case be covered by the first horizontal or by the first perpendicular row
of squares in order to secure the same relative proportions in the second
part of the Drawing. Were not this strictly attended to the second part
of the drawing would either be on a larger or on a smaller scale than
the first part, and all harmony between them would be destroyed. In
cases however in which frames of the size before mentioned prove too
small, frames of larger dimensions which will take in the whole of the
subject to be sketched may be used. The stand of the apparatus may
also vary in shape and-form- according to circumstances. Thus for use
in streets or in the interior of edifices it may be in the form of a tripod,
whilst for employment in the country it may have two or three folding
legs with metallic points or spikes.

page_text: conclusion that what I consider novel and original and therefore claim
as constituting my said Invention is, the combination and arrangement
of parts and mechanism as and for the purposes substantially herein-
before set forth and described, or any mere modifications thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Blaisie Armande Léonide Hautrive,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Nineteen day of April,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
tren