matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th-
January 1863. A communication from abroad by Pierre Louis Durand,.
of Paris, France.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention.
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES," to be as follows:-
The objects of this Invention are to obtain a brighter and more unifornr
light and to prevent guttering in candles.
The Invention consists in the employment of a hollow or tubular wick to
produce a current of air to the centre of the flame. For candles intended to
be burnt in sockets or holders which will not allow a current of air to pass
through the bottom of the candle I form an aperture or passage through the
side of the candle above the socket or holder and communicating with the
interior of the wick.
During the manufacture of candles, according to this Invention, I pass a
spindle or rod through the wick to keep it open.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING FLOOR CLOTHS, CARPETS, AND SIMILAR GOODS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Howlett at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th November
1868.
I, WILLIAM HOWLETT, of 16, Cottage Grove, Mile End Road, in the
County of Middlesex, Commercial Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING FLOOR CLOTHS, CARPETS, AND
SIMILAR GOODS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved mode of printing floor cloths, felt
carpets, and similar wide goods, whereby greater accuracy in the printing and
a considerable economy of time and labour is effected.
In carrying out this Invention the painted canvas or other material to be
printed or ornamented is wound from off a roller over a suitable printing
table by any convenient mechanical arrangement. Over this table and above
the surface to be printed are fitted transverse supporting rails which carry a
travelling table and a printing block frame or holder which is connected with
the table so as to travel with it across the width of the fabric to be printed,
the travelling motion being obtained by a rack and pinion worked by a winch
handle or by any other well known and suitable mechanical arrangement.
This travelling table carries the whole of the printing blocks and pads required
for the production of the complete pattern, such blocks and pads being thus
always near to the hand of the operator. An endless band or chain or other
equivalent device is adapted to the travelling table, whereby the several
pads with their blocks are presented to the operator in the order required.

page_text: The block frame or holder consists of a double frame, the one part fitting
inside the other, and being connected therewith by india-rubber or other
springs. Into this inner frame is inserted the printing block ready furnished
with color, and it is pressed down on to the surface to be printed by an
arrangement similar to the well-known screw or fly press, or by an eccentric
cam lever, or other convenient means for applying pressure, which is to be
carried by the outer frame of the block holder so as to travel therewith along
the surface to be printed. In combination with the pressure applied to the
printing block I propose to employ percussion, which may be produced by a
weight descending upon the block at the proper time required, whereby a
better printing is obtained. In order to ensure accuracy of register I employ
a spring catch, which may be attached to any portion of the travelling table
or block holder, and is caused to slide along a rail or bar having a series of
notches or holes made therein at suitable intervals according to the size of the
printing blocks. This spring catch on entering one or other of the holes or
notches serves to retain the block holder in its exact position for the impres-
sion without requiring any minute attention on the part of the workman.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HIGH-PRESSURE COCks
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Frederick Graham at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th October 1863.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK GRAHAM, of No. 1, Upper Gordon Street, Euston
Square, in the County of Middlesex, Surveyor and Builder, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HIGH-PRESSURE COCks,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of making a double-barrel high-pressure cock of
gun metal with stuffing box and cap to inner barrel, and instead of the plugs
being turned by the ordinary lever, handle, or key, the plugs of my double-
barrel high-pressure cock are worked by two pinion wheels fixed on the top of
plugs, which two pinion wheels are turned by one lever or handle. This
Invention is also applicable to bib or stop-cocks, and may be applied for hot
or cold water purposes.
The advantages of this Invention are, that it is perfectly water-tight and
easy to work, by reason of having but one handle instead of two keys or levers,
and should any liquid escape from the first barrel it is received in the second,
thereby preventing the possibility of any leakage.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF MANUFACTURING TABLETS TO BE USED FOR MONUMENTAL PURPOSES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Parkinson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th May
1863.
1, JAMES PARKINSON, of Tichbourne Street, Regent Street, in the City and
Liberties of Westminster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF MANUFACTURING TABLETS TO BE USED FOR
MONUMENTAL PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists of the application of tablets, slabs, blocks, or plates of
earthenware instead of stones, ordinarily set up at or laid over graves or tombs
in churches, vaults, cemeteries, or other places of burial, and for other monu-
mental purposes. The said earthenware is to be manufactured of "brown
ware" made of ordinary clay, or of a finer quality, such as china clay or
other similar plastic material, or it may be made of ordinary clay, and coated
or laced with a clay or cement of a finer quality, and it may be wholly or
partially glazed or enamelled.
The Invention further consists of impressing the said tablets, by means of
moulds of any suitable shape and design, having also upon them raised or
sunk letters, figures or characters descriptive of the subject intended to bo
memorialized or recorded by the said tablets, the said letters, figures, or characters
being thereby sunk into or raised upon the surface of the said tablets, and the
labour and cost of cutting the same being also materially reduced. The tablets

page_text: are also suitable, when unglazed, to be painted and otherwise decorated with
colours and pigments according to the taste of the persons using them. The
tablets are also suitable to receive letters, figures, or characters cut into their
substance in addition to those impressed as herein described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SURFACE CONDENSERS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Humphrys at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th June
1863.
I, EDWARD HUMPHRYS, of Deptford Pier, in the County of Kent, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SURFACE
CONDENSERS," to be as follows:-
In
This Invention has for its object improvements in surface condensers.
order to maintain a current of condensing water through a surface condenser
I make passages for the entry and exit of the water, and I employ a steam jet
so directed as to propel the water in the course it is required to take. Or
in place of a jet of steam I employ a jet of water to attain the same end.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN PROPELLING VESSELS, AND IN APPARATUS RELATING THERETO
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
September 1863.-A communication from abroad by Jean Pierre Serve,
junior, of Rue St. Sebastien, Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN PROPELLING VESSELS,
AND IN APPARATUS RELATING THERETO," to be as follows:―
The improvement which forms the subject of this Invention consists in
utilizing the centrifugal force of screws for the propulsion of vessels. To this
end the propellor shaft and the screw are made hollow in order to afford
passage for water, which is to be supplied thereto by any suitable arrange-
ment of hydraulic apparatus, and afterwards thrown or driven out at the
extremity of the blades of the screw. The water which has served for the
hydraulic motor, and which is thus projected from the screw blades with a
certain amount of force, constitutes a supplementary power which may be
said to cost nothing as it is thrown off by the centrifugal power of the screw.
The power of the hydraulic motors or turbines must of course be in
proportion to the quantity of water to be expelled by the helicoidal propeller:
The blades of the screw are provided with internal valves for the purpose of
preventing the return of the water when the vessel is at rest, or one valve only
might be placed inside the shaft, which would be preferable, as in case of
the breaking of the screw there would be a protection against the return of
the water. The combination and construction of these parts may vary
according to the arrangement of the motors or propellers, as may also the.

page_text: means to be adopted for diminishing as much as possible the friction resulting
from the large diameter which it is found necessary to give to the propeller
shaft which serves to convey the water. It will be easily understood that
the hydraulic motor or motors which supply the water to the shaft and screw
are so situated for obtaining the water as not to disturb the centre of gravity
of the vessel.
The peculiar feature of the Invention consists in the employment of any
hydraulic motors in vessels propelled by screws (whatever may be their
dimensions) which supply water which it is proposed afterwards to expel
economically by the centrifugal force developed at the extremity of the blades
of the hollow propeller, the pressure of the water surrounding the vessel being
much less behind than at all other parts facilitates to that extent the exit by
the screw of the water introduced into the vessel.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ellis Shackleton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th January
1863.
I, ELLIS SHACKLETON, of Loth, near Ruysbrook, in the Kingdom of Belgium,
Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to that class or kind of looms for weaving wherewith
circular or rotary change shuttle boxes are employed; and the improvements
consist in a means of instantly stopping the rotation of the boxes; also the
action of the indicating apparatus when the weft breaks or becomes used up,
although the loom may continue to run one or two picks afterwards. For this
purpose a drop rod is suspended by the ordinary knocking-off lever when in posi
tion or working order, and this rod supports a weighted lever hinged to the
loom end in a suitable position when the weft breaks or becomes used up; the
weft fork acts in the usual manner to stop the loom, and by removing the
knocking-off lever out of position, it allows the rod to drop, and also the weighted
lever which lifts or removes the ordinary hooked rods out of contact with the
cylinder of the indicating apparatus, also the pawl out of gear with the ratchet
by which it is turned, and also applies a brake to assist in stopping the loom.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF FOUNTAIN PEN
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacob Maggs at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th September
1863.
I; JACOB MAGGs, of Bartlet Street, Bath, in the County of Somerset,
Decorator, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF FOUNTAIN PEN," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction of fountain pen, the object
being to prevent the clogging of the pen and to simplify its construction. To
this end I form the holder of the pen hollow, and insert therein a flexible tube
of india-rubber or gutta percha, closed at its upper end and connected with a
short spiral or helical tube which forms the mouth of this flexible tube. The
pen to be supplied with ink may be of any approved construction, and it is
fitted to the holder by a clip or otherwise. The helical or spiral termination
of the tube extends to near the nibs of the pen so as to be convenient for
injecting ink into the pen. For filling the pen it is only necessary to compress
the flexible tube, and thus to expel the air therefrom through the spiral
termination, and while the air is expelled to dip this spiral into an ink bottle.
By simply removing the pressure from the tube the ink will flow up into the
tube and the requisite supply will be obtained. A slight pressure of the
thumb or fingers on the tube during the act of writing will ensure the
requisite down flow of the ink into the pen.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR REELING, WINDING, WARPING, AND BEAMING YARN
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Taylor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
March 1863.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD TAYLOR, of Enfield, near Accrington, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Spinner and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR REELING,
WINDING, WARPING, AND BEAMING YARN," to be as follows:-
In machinery of the ordinary contruction for reeling and winding yarn the
cops or bobbins are placed upon fixed skewers or spindles, and the yarn is
drawn off them and wound on reels or bobbins; now my Invention consists in
giving rotary motion by bands and pulleys to the spindles on which the cops
or bobbins are placed, whereby any additional amount of twist can be given to
the yarn in proportion to the speed at which the spindles are made to
revolve.
In machinery of the ordinary construction for warping and beaming, the
bobbins on which the yarn is wound are placed on skewers or pegs supported
horizontally in a creel, and in unwinding the yarn is drawn off the bobbins
and imparts a rotary motion to them; this drawing off puts a considerable
strain or drag on the yarn, and causes frequent breakages; the bobbins are
also liable to overrun the yarn, thereby causing snarls. Now in order to
overcome these difficulties I fix the bobbins on stationary spindles, and draw
the yarn through a guide placed in line with the axis of the bobbin; the flange
over which the yarn is drawn is made of metal or other material having a

page_text: polished surface to prevent friction, or a light flyer is mounted on the fixed
spindle to guide the yarn, by this means the tenderest yarn can be unwound
without breaking; and when the yarn is drawn off from the upper end of the
bobbin an additional twist for each layer on the bobbin is put in the yarn.
When it is requisite to give a greater amount of additional twist to the yarn,
I impart rotary motion to the spindles and bobbins by means of bands and
pulleys, the velocity imparted to the spindles depending upon the quantity of
additional twist to be given.
I wish to observe that in unwinding yarn from bobbins in reeling and
winding machines the polished flange or the flyer above referred to in the
warping and beaming machines may be employed, or the bobbins may be
made to revolve in any other manner for the purpose of giving additional
twist in reeling, winding, warping, and beaming.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS, AND IN BAYONETS AND CARTRIDGES CONNECTED WITH THE SAME
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Rudolph Mayer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
November 1863.
I, RUDOLPH MAYER, of Birkby, near Huddersfield, in the County of
York, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS, AND IN BAYONETS AND CARTRIDGES
CONNECTED WITH THE SAME," to be as follows (that is to say):-
My Invention has reference to improvements in breech-loading guns and
in bayonets and cartridges, with a view to render the same more effective
and serviceable, and at the same time insure greater precision of range
and accuracy of construction than at present, and consists, firstly, in the
method of introducing the cartridge into the gun, and closing the breech
opening thereto by means of a metallic bar, lever, or radial link movement
contained within the stock moving upon a fixed central bearing upon which
the cartridge is to be placed, reacting springs and slide catches being employed
in connection therewith for throwing the same in or out of position.
Secondly, in forming the cartridge with an inner core of wood or otherwise
passing through the powder provided with a linen wrapper percussion tube
and ball united longitudinally. Thirdly, in placing the lock for discharging
the gun immediately beneath the barrel and in front of the trigger, by which
it is actuated, so as to enable the spike or tooth to be driven upward through
an opening in the gun in contact with the percussion tube, and thus explode

page_text: the cartridge. Fourthly, the mode of securing the bayonet to military guns
by means of a set screw movement which forces the stop of the bayonet into
its place, and enables the same to be fixed upon the barrel or withdrawn at
pleasure, the said set screw movement being separately formed and tightened
upon the barrel. Fifthly, the employment of a plug securing the cartridge
and hermetically closing the opening for the same in the breech-loading end
of the barrel. Sixthly, the employment of a wad or felt washer between the
plug and the cartridge, provided with a small central hole through which the
percussion tube is passed. And, seventhly, enclosing the working parts and
wooden stock within the metal body, for the purpose of strengthening the gun
and enabling it to be more effectually employed as a club or weapon.
THE IMPROVEMENT OF MORTICE AND OTHER DOOR LOCKS AND LATCHES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Maurice Cockerell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th July
1863.
I, MAURICE COCKERELL, No. 3, Munden Terrace, Hammersmith, Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE IMPROVEMENT
OF MORTICE AND OTHER DOOR LOCKS AND LATCHES," to be as follows:-
So far as it relates to improvements in mortice and other locks and latches
it consists in making a follower or crank fixed perpendicularly on centers;
through follower or crank I make an oblong hole; I then make a spindle,
on which the handles are fixed, and on the said spindle I fix a projecting
piece; I then make a lever, one end of which I fix upon a pivot, the other end
of the aforesaid lever I connect with bolt of lock, so that by pushing the
handle horizontally through the lock the projecting pieco of spindle is brought
in contact with the aforesaid follower or crank, which follower or crank acting
upon the aforesaid lever brings back the bolt, thus causing the door to open.
In order to open the door from the opposite side it is necessary to pull the
handle towards the person wishing to open the door; this brings the projecting
piece of spindle again in contact with the aforesaid follower or crank, which
follower or crank acting, as before mentioned, upon the said lever withdraws
the bolt, and the door is thus set free.
AN IM- PROVED TOY
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th May 1863. A communication from abroad by Paul Bonfils, of the
Rue St. Amboise, Paris, France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of the Firm of John Gedge and Son, of
No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IM-
PROVED TOY," (a communication to me from abroad by Paul Bonfils, of the Rue
St. Amboise, Paris, France,) to be as follows:-
This improved toy is composed of a pistol which discharges or launches a
top, and of the top itself. A small toothed wheel supported on an axle passing
in the end of the pistol barrel, a string rolling round the axle and attached by
the other end to a spring inside the pistol, and a small rod (answering to the
ramrod of a pistol), one end of which takes into the teeth of the small wheel,
the other being attached to the trigger of the pistol, constitute the main features
of this Invention.
The top itself has a special arrangement; its stem carries a pin which fits
into the axle of the small toothed wheel of the pistol, the said axle being hollow
and terminating in a spiral form.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SCARLET, BROWN, AND ORANGE COLORS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Heinrich Pollack at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
June 1863.
I, HEINRICH POLLACK, of the Firm Heinrich Pollack and Co., at Hamburg,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SCARLET, BROWN, AND ORANGE COLORS," to be as
follows:-
First as to the scarlet.-The name of the color for an improvement in the
manufacture of which it is proposed to take out a patent is, "llarin," or
"polixan," and it consists of certain admixtures of Teneriffe cochineal, stannum
muriaticum, crystallised soda, acetic acid, oxalic acid, & gum tragacanth.
The proportions being as follows:-500 parts Teneriffe cochineal, 175 parts
stannum muriaticum, 98 parts crystallised soda, 500 parts acetic acid, 100
parts oxalic acid, and 13 parts gum tragacanth. These admixtures pass
through the various stages of boiling, drying, and grinding, under certain
conditions. Eight days' manipulation is then required, when the mixture
becomes a stiff liquid, and is then applicable for all purposes of printing and
dyeing a beautiful scarlet color without further admixture and without
requiring the cloth or stuffs to be prepared. This mixture is the only one by
which this beautiful scarlet can be produced & which is applicable for all
purposes of printing and dyeing as aforesaid and as well to half woollen goods
as to other goods.

page_text: Second as to the brown & orange.-By mixing with the same ingredients
as above & the like proportions, a portion of indigo carmine, a beautiful brown
color is produced; and by mixing Persian berries or Zante fustic a yellow to
orange color can be produced. The proportions, however, of the carmine or
fustic to be mixed depends entirely upon the lighter or darker shade of brown
dye required in the first case, and of the orange to yellow dye in the second case.
These colors are equally new and beautiful, and can be applied like the scarlet,
and like that are fast colors.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRIVING BANDS AND PULLEYS FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ebenezer Noah Gregory at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
December 1863.
I, EBENEZER NOAH GREGORY, of Albany Road, Camberwell, in the County
of Surrey, Wire Cloth Weaver, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRIVING BANDS AND PULLEYS FOR TRANSMITTING
MOTION," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to prevent the slip between driving bands
and their pulleys, and that with the use of bands of an economical and durable
construction. To this end I form driving bands of woven wire, preferring copper
or brass, and apply them to driving pullies having a slightly yielding periphery,
which will allow the belt to bed itself to some extent in the periphery of the
pullies, thereby effectually ensuring a good bite between the band and its
pullies. The warp of the woven fabric that is to form the band I make of strands
of fine wire, twisted together by preference around a thread of flax or cotton,
and the weft consists of a single copper or other wire. The selvage is
strengthened by the introduction of stronger warp wires, or the edges may be
filled up with soft metal. The driving pullies I propose to cover with
vulcanized india-rubber, felt, leather, cork, or compounds thereof, or any
other material that will admit of the woven wire bands bedding themselves
in the periphery of the pullies sufficiently to obtain the bite, as above
mentioned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE AND STATIONARY CRABS OR CRANES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Barker and Edmund Moss
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 18th February 1863.
We, JOHN BARKER and EDMUND Moss, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE AND STATIONARY CRABS OR CRANES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in placing the barrel and gearing and also the shafts
and framework upon a platform resting upon a circular conical support fixed to
a bed or foundation plate, so that the barrel and parts connected with it can be
readily turned in any direction without shifting the base, and afterwards held
fast by a central bolt and nut. This part of the Invention applies to both
portable and stationary crabs and cranes, but when they are portable only we
form slots in the base or foundation plate for holding a number of bars on each
side, which can be drawn out for supporting weights when the crab or crane is
in use, and pushed in when no additional weight is required. In both portable
and stationary crabs or cranes we make the brake wheel of a vee-shape instead
of flat.
IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING OVERWINDING AT COLLIERIES, AND TO PROVIDE EXTRA BREAKAGE POWER TO STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Punshon at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th January
1863.
I, JOHN PUNSHON, of Pemberton, near Wigan, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING OVERWINDING AT COLLIERIES, AND TO PROVIDE
EXTRA BREAKAGE POWER TO STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows:-
The Drawings accompanying this Specification are for a 12-horse winding
engine for collieries, and are laid down to a geometrical scale of one inch to a
foot, and comprise the following Figures:-
Figure 1 is the base showing the position of the two cylinders; Figure 2 is a
vertical section through the centre showing details of construction; and Figure 3
is a side elevation; similar letters of reference are used in all the Figures, so that
one explanation applies to all. A is the working cylinder to wind the load up
the pit; B, the counter cylinder with piston travelling the same way as the
working piston, with steam put on the counter side of counter piston to balance
the engine; C is a valve to cut off steam from working cylinder, and to admit
it to the counter cylinder; D is a motion to work the throttle valve; E is the
eccentric for working the common slide valve to working cylinder; F is the
eccentric for working the valve to the counter cylinder. This valve has two steam
ports and no exhaust port, and is so arranged that the steam works out of the
boiler on to the counter piston, the counter piston forcing it back into the boiler,
and so continually working from boiler to cylinder and cylinder to boiler.

page_text: When the weight or cage gets past the midway of the pit its application to
stationary winding engines will be that the steam in the counter cylinder will
balance the additional weight of the descending rope, and the loss of weight in
the ascending rope, thereby causing the engine to run the whole journey with
a uniform motion, and at the end of the journey to offer such resistance by
pressure in the counter cylinder that overwinding will be prevented. And by
farther arrangement the counter cylinder can be made to assist the working
cylinder to the midway of the pit, and so double the power of the engine.
The same principle may be applied to locomotive steam engines or other
engines when steam is the motive power by arrangement of the balance
cylinder with counter pressure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA- BATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS Apparatus for Cooling Liquids
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATON left by William Massingham at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
April 1863.
I, WILLIAM MASSINGHAM, of Boston, in the County of Lincoln, Brewer,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA-
BATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object "Improvements in Apparatus for Cooling
Liquids."
For these purposes a rotating fan mounted on a vertical axis is employed
in order to put the air in motion above the liquids, which are contained in a
suitable open vessel. The fan carries hollow channels in the form of tubes
or otherwise, which are caused to revolvo with the face above the liquids.
The forward end of each hollow channel is inclined downwards, so that its
forward point or end comes just below the liquids, hence, as the channels
revolve, the liquids ascend the inclined ends of the channels, and flow along
the same till they arrive at the outlet ends, which it is preferred should be so
formed, by being perforated or otherwise, as to divide the liquids into numerous
streams. The forward end of each of the channels is also provided with a
bell mouthed entrance above the inclined part, by which currents of air are
caused to pass along with the liquids through the channels. Rotatory
motion is communicated to the axis of the apparatus in any convenient
manner:
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHOES, BOOTS, AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE FEET
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Bernoulli Barlow at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
October 1863. - A communication from abroad by Jesse Follett, of
Turner, in the County of Androscogin, in the State of Maine, in the
United States of America.
I, HENRY BERNOULLI BARLOW, of the City of Manchester, Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHOES,
BOOTS, AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE FEET," a communication to me from
abroad by Jesse Follett, of Turner, in the County of Androscogin, State of
Maine, in the United States of America, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the application of a plate or plates of a peculiar
form made of malleable cast iron or other metal or material to the toes of
shoes, boots, and other coverings for the feet to render them more durable.
The plates form a sheath or fender for the protection both of the upper and
under leather at the toe of the boot, shoe, or other covering for the feet, the
said sheath or fender is formed of compounded metals, and may be composed
of a mixture of lead, tin, and bismuth, or any of the known metals or
preparations, such as india-rubber, gutta percha, or other substances which
are sufficiently sequacious to be wrought or moulded into the desired form.
The said sheath has a double form, being a union of the covering for the upper
and under leather of the toe of the boot or shoe in one entire piece of metal
er other substance of which it may be constructed. The form is such that it

page_text: covers over the upper leather at the toe of the shoe or boot, and extends
downward over the outer sole, and passes over on the outer side of said sole
sufficient to receive the nails to fasten it on, and has also a central flange
which passes between the outer and inner sole extending back towards
the heel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Browne at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th October
1863. A communication from abroad by Richard Mott Wanzer, of
Hamilton, Canada West, America.
I, BENJAMIN BROWNE, of No. 49, King William Street, in the City of
London, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES," (communicated
to me from abroad by Richard Mott Wanzer, of Hamilton, Canada West,
America,) to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in adapting to sewing machines certain mechanism
for forming frills or ruffles. The following is a description of mechanism
suitable for the above purpose:-To the table of a sewing machine the
following parts are connected, first, two, three, or more spring plates for
causing tension on the materials to be united; secondly, an adjustable spring
plate for holding down the material, and also for regulating or gauging the
width of the pleat. There is also another plate placed crosswise of the last-
mentioned plate and near to the ordinary presser foot of the machine for
separating the material of which the frill is to be formed from the material to
which said frill is to be united; another spring plate or adjustable pusher
presses at its extremity upon the last-mentioned spring plate, and is connected
loosely by its other end to one arm of a vibrating bell-crank lever working
crosswise of the table of the sewing machine, and clear of the mechanism
thereon. The other arm of said bell crank lever rests upon a cam lever, so

page_text: that by the rotation of said cam the bell-crank lever aforesaid imparts a
forward movement to the pusher plate before mentioned; the springs connected
to said plate pull same back again. The effect of this arrangement is to push
forward the material of which the frill is to be formed, so as to from a pleat,
and as the pusher plate moves back the needle descends and unites the pleat
thus formed to the plain piece of material beneath, and in this manner two or
more frills may be made and connected together and to plain pieces of
material (if desired) at one operation. By this arrangement of mechanism
the ordinary feeding motion of the sewing machine is dispensed with, the
pusher plate aforesaid performing that office.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING BISCUITS, FRUITS, AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Bate at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th December
1863.
I, THOMAS BATE, of Saint George's Terrace, Kilburn, in the County of
Middlesex, Grocer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING BISCUITS, FRUITS, AND OTHER
ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in certain improvements in the construction of lids
or covers of receptacles of various kinds, such as glass cases or boxes for the
purpose of containing articles of grocery, such as dried fruits or sweetmeats
or biscuits exposed on the counters or in the windows of shops, and also for
containing other articles which are required to be kept free from damp or
dust, or from atmospheric influence.
I propose to form a lip, border, or ledge around the interior of the box
somewhat of an inverted V-shape, which rises above the level of the sides, and
a similar recess or rebate is to be cut out of the under part of the lid to fit on to
the lip or ledge. In other cases I propose to form the border as a projection
at the sides of the interior of the receptacle, and to dispense with the recess
in the lid, or I form the lips or borders midway on the sides of the box, and
cut corresponding grooves in the under part or sides of the lid. By these
means a close joint is made between the lid and the receptacle which

page_text: effectually protects the contents from being injured by the access of damp or
dust, or the action of the atmosphere. The receptacles may be formed of
wood, metal and glass, or other convenient substance separately or in com-
bination.
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPUR WHEELS USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MILL AND FORGE GEARING, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Claridge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
June 1863.
I, THOMAS CLARIDGE, of the Firm of Claridge, North, and Company, of
Bilston, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF SPUR WHEELS USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MILL AND FORGE
GEARING, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the radial arms by which the tyres or rims of the
said wheels are connected with the naves of the said wheels.
In the ordinary method of manufacturing the arms of the said wheels they
are made either of the figure of a cross or of that of the letter T in transverse
section.
My Invention consists in making the arms of of the said wheels of the figure
of the letter H in cross section, that is, of a figure resembling that of an
ordinary girder. The plane of the middle web by which the two flanges are
joined is situated in the plane of the wheel's rotation, and the flanges are in
planes at right angles to the plane of rotation. By arranging the metal of the
arms in the manner described the lateral flanges not only impart lateral
rigidity to the said arms but also resist the pressure or strain produced by the
transmission of rotatory motion by the said arms.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF SULPHO-CYANIDE OF AMMONIUM AND OTHER SULPHO-CYANIDES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Spence at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th September
1863.
I, PETER SPENCE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF SULPHO-CYANIDE OF AMMONIUM AND OTHER
SULPHO-CYANIDES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the use of the ammoniacal liquor produced in
gasworks for the purpose of obtaining sulpho-cyanide of ammonium and
other sulpho-cyanides.
In carrying my Invention into effect I propose to drive off the volatile salts
of ammonia, and then to crystallize the chloride of ammonium. The mother
liquor is then diluted, the extraneous matters being by these means precipitated,
and the clear solution taken for use. To this is added a mixed solution of
sulphates of copper and iron, by which sulpho-cyanide of copper is produced,
which being treated with a solution of sulphide of ammonium the copper is
precipitated, and sulpho-cyanide of ammonium formed, which may be crystal-
lized by steam heat.
In producing other sulpho-cyanides I have only to use another salt in place
of the sulphide of ammonium, as, for instance, sulphide of soda or potash.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Halland at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
December 1863.
I, WILLIAM HOLLAND, Cotton Manufacturer, Adelphi Mills, Salford, in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:―
My Invention refers to a method of preventing the shuttle from flying off
during the process of weaving.
For this purpose I apply a bracket or a series of brackets placed at
intervals on the lathe, and projecting at right angles therefrom, and by which
the shuttle is intercepted should it leave its proper course.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FEEDING TROUGHS FOR SHEEP AND OTHER CATTLE
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Sainty at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th July 1863.
I, JOHN SAINTY, of Burnham Market, in the County of Norfolk, Agri-
cultural Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FEEDING TROUGHS FOR SHEEP AND OTHER
CATTLE," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in forming feeding troughs for sheep and other cattle
of a U, horse-shoe, or semicircular form in section, instead of a V form, as
heretofore. The troughs are united by bolts (by preference three), two at top
and one at bottom, passing or extending from end to end, and are drawn
together by nuts. Legs are fitted to the end pieces and rivetted thereto.
These troughs are, by preference, made in galvanized iron instead of "black
iron, but any other suitable material may be employed.
"
AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR CRUSHING AND AMALGAMATING AURIFEROUS QUARTZ AND PULVERIZING AND WASHING ORES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry George Williams and
Rowland Gwynn Price at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 9th February 1863.
We, HENRY GEORGE WILLIAMS and ROWLAND GWYNN PRICE, of Bontddu,
near Dolgelly, in the County of Merioneth, Mining Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention of "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR
CRUSHING AND AMALGAMATING AURIFEROUS QUARTZ AND PULVERIZING AND WASHING
ORES," to be as follows:-
For the purpose of crushing the quartz we use an iron cylinder or barrell
mounted horizontally in bearings at each end, and inside this cylinder or
barrell is placed one or more balls, the cylinder or barrell is then caused to
revolve by suitable gearing. The inner surface of this cylinder or barrell is
corrugated or has alternate ridges cast on it, so that upon its being set in
motion the ball is carried a little distance round with the cylinder until the
centre of gravity of the ball falls outside the projecting rib or ridge,
when it of course immediately rolls over the temporary obstruction, and
adds the effect of a blow to the simple weight of the ball, which greatly
increases its crushing or pulverizing power upon whatever material may
There is also mercury
be placed in the cylinder to be acted upon.
introduced into the cylinder with the quartz by which the metal contained
in the quartz is amalgamated with the mercury at the same time that
the crushing is taking place. Where slight crushing power is required
combined with great amalgamating effect, we should, by preference, dispense

page_text: with the ribs or ridges and use a cylinder quite smooth upon the inside, by
which means we should combine the old Brazilian barrell amalgamator with
a crushing mill, and thus both processes would be carried on as effectually as
if done by separate and distinct machines and with less than half the power
required to drive an ordinary crushing mill. The axles of the cylinder are
made hollow, the quartz or whatever material is to be acted upon is fed in
through one and the water through the other.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF ACTUATING SHUTTLES IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING NARROW FABRICS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josiah Gimson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th April
1863.
I, JOSIAH GIMSON, of the Town and County of Leicester, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MEANS OF ACTUATING SHUTTLES IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING NARROW FABRICS," to
be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in actuating shuttles relates to the means
of traversing them through the sheds in the act of weaving narrow fabrics,
in which process it is well understood several widths of fabrics are arranged
side by side and woven simultaneously, the several shuttles being mounted
on a batten, and motion communicated by means of pegs entering and leaving
the shuttles on each side of the warp, or by other means.
Now, my improved means consists in the application of a screw, or it may be
termed a series of screws, on the same shaft, one for each shuttle. The thread
of such screw is of rapid pitch and takes directly into the shuttles, sections of
screws being cut therein for the reception of the thread. This screw shaft
is rotated first in one direction and then in the other, whereby the shuttles are
propelled to and fro through the sheds formed in the warps, a shuttle being
transferred from a screw on one side of the warp to the other screw on the
other side. All the shuttles move in the same direction at same time, there-
fore the one shuttle leaving a screw makes room for the other shuttle coming
on belonging to the adjoining warp. I have mentioned the screws as being

page_text: separate, which they are, but in making them I cut a screw of a length
required for the length of the batten, and then remove portions of the periphery
(and reduce it to the necessary diameter) according to the breadth of the
fabrics to be woven; and to form bearings to carry the shaft between each
screw, I make the screws, or several sections thereof, and the shuttles of such
length that the shuttle takes hold of the screw on that side of the warp to
which it is advancing before it quits hold of the one it is leaving. I prefer to
dispose the screw below the shuttles, and fit them between the screws and
a V rail above, and so as to prevent the drop of the shuttle during its
traverse.
AN IMPROVED TURNIP CUTTER FOR CUTTING THE LAST SLICE
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Sainty, of Burnham Market, Norfolk, Agri-
cultural Implement Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
TURNIP CUTTER FOR CUTTING THE LAST SLICE."
Sealed the 17th June 1864, and dated the 22nd December 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Sainty at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
December 1863.
JOHN SAINTY, of Burnham Market, Norfolk, Agricultural Implement
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED TURNIP CUTTER FOR CUTTING THE LAST SLICE," to be as follows, that
is to say:-
My Invention consists of machinery for cutting turnips so that the last
piece which has hitherto escaped untouched is also cut. This is performed by
placing a front plate in such a position that a sufficiently large opening is left
at the top where the turnips and other like agricultural produce enter and
gradually decreases in size till the front plate and the knives or cutters fixed
to a revolving drum nearly touch. The turnips or other like produce are fed
in from a hopper placed at the top of the machine, and pass down between the
front plate and the knives or cutters on the drum. As piece after piece is cut
off by the rotation of the drum knives or cutters the turnip gradually slides

page_text: down the incline till it reaches the narrowest part of the opening where a
slotted sliding plate is passed through the front plate; through these slots
extra knives on the drum pass so at to prevent the small piece left from
slipping through, which as the knives revolve is finally cut in two. This
sliding plate is actuated by a thumb screw so that as the part which comes in
contact with the turnips wears away it is only necessary to turn the screw
and the plate is instantly returned to its normal position.
AN IMPROVED LAMP BURNER
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward William Binney at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th March 1863.-A communication from abroad by Samuel Adlam,
junior, of Portland, Maine, in the United States of America.
I, EDWARD WILLIAM BINNEY, of No. 40, Cross Street, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED LAMP BURNER," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to an improvement in attaching the cone or deflector
to the burner of a lamp by means of a pivot, so as to allow the cone or
deflector to work freely on this pivot in a horizontal direction, whereby the
cone or deflector and draft chimney may be readily turned aside or off from
the burner so as to expose the wick tube, and thereby render the wick
accessible for trimming and lighting.