AN IMPROVED APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENT FOR HEATING PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BUILDINGS, AND ALSO FOR DRYING PURPOSES.
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Wright, Engine Driver, and George
Saul, Builder, both of Sheffield, in the County of York, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENT FOR HEATING
PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BUILDINGS, AND ALSO FOR DRYING PURPOSES.'
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Wright and
George Saul at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 20th November 1875.
We, THOMAS WRIGHT, Engine Driver, and GEORGE SAUL, Builder,
both of Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENT FOR
HEATING PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BUILDINGS, AND ALSO FOR DRYING PURPOSES," to be
as follows:-
:-

page_text: buildings, such as churches, theatres, railway stations, dwellings,
factories, warehouses, chicory, malt, and other drying kilns, and the
like with a small consumption of fuel.
This object is attained by the following means :— -By preference we
construct our apparatus or arrangement in the basement or cellar of a
building, which apparatus consists of a series of air flues so placed or
fixed that the products of combustion pass around them, thus obtaining
the greatest amount of heating surface, and thereby economising fuel.
These flues are made of cast or wrought iron or steel, plain or cor-
rugated, or of any other suitable material, and are placed vertically,
horizontally, or at any angle, according to circumstances. The whole
series of flues, with the furnace, are enclosed in an iron casing, which
casing is also enclosed in brickwork, leaving an air space between the
two. At one end of the said series of flues we place the furnace or
fire-box, which is provided with a door in the usual way. The flame
and products of combustion pass between and around the said air flues,
which products pass into a general receiver thereof at the other end of
the said series of flues, by which arrangement an additional heating
surface is obtained. The smoke and gases pass out through a flue
formed in any convenient part of the said casing.
The air flues receive air from below through openings or gratings in
the brick casing, the said flues being open at their lower and upper ends.
The heated air passes into a general receiver placed above the said air
tubes, from which receiver the heated air can be conveyed to any part
of the building as required.
The apparatus may be arranged for the products of combustion to
pass through the tubes, and the air through the space between and about
such tubes.
It will be obvious that this arrangement, from its great simplicity
cannot easily become deranged, and can be readily repaired when

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Wright and George Saul in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 19th May 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
WRIGHT, Engine Driver, and GEORGE SAUL, Builder, both of Sheffield,
in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in
the thirty-ninth, year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Thomas Wright and George
Saul, Her special licence that we, the said Thomas Wright and George
Saul, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said Thomas Wright and George Saul, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS OR Arrange-
MENT FOR HEATING PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BUILDINGS, AND ALSO FOR DRYING
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
Thomas Wright and George Saul, our executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under
the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Wright and George
Saul, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
Drawing, which forms part of this Specification, reference being made
thereto by the numerals and letters marked thereon, and which reference
applies to cach Figure of the said Drawing where the same index
numerals and letters appear.
:

page_text: flue is formed through and along the middle of the air tubes.
Figure 7 is a plan of flues having the fire passage through the
metal tube, and the air passing upwards through the two spaces on each
side thereof.
This Invention has for its object to heat or warm public and private
buildings, such a churches, theatres, railway stations, dwellings, factories,
and warehouses, also chicory, malt, and other drying kilns and the like
with a small consumption of fuel.
By preference we place our improved apparatus in the basement or
cellar of a building, which apparatus mainly consists of a series of air
flues a; the flame and heated products of combustion from the furnace
6 pass through the spaces or covered ways b and around the air flues;
we thus obtain the greatest amount of heating surface, and thereby
economise fuel. The said flues a are made of cast or wrought iron or
steel, plain or corrugated, or of any other suitable material, and are
either placed vertically, as shewn, or horizontally, or at any angle,
according to circumstances. At one end of the said flues we place the
furnace or fire-box b' which is lined with fire-brick or clay 62 to protect
the metal plates from the free action of the fire. All the flues, with
the furnace b', are enclosed in an iron casing c, which casing is made
in segments and bolted together through the flanges thereof, see Figures
1, 3, and 4; the joints are made air-tight by placing finely powdered
fire and pottery clay between such joints. The said furnace is provided
with a feed door 6³, and also with a door 6', and with the simple
arrangement of a sliding dead plate 65 for facilitating the clearing out of

page_text: Drawing.
Secondly. The sliding inclined dead plate 65.
And, Thirdly. The general arrangement of the parts composing the
said apparatus, substantially as herein described and shewn in the
Drawing.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Wright and George
Saul, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Sixteenth
day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-six.