FOR IMPROVEMENTS IN TRANS- FERRING ORNAMENTAL DESIGNS ON TO WOVEN OR TEXTILE FABRICS, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE WITH
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME OR BE MADE
KNOWN, I, CHARLES FISHER, of South Hackney, Middlesex, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-ninth day of April,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the fifteenth year of Her
said Majesty's reign, did; for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Charles Fisher, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial
license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Charles Fisher,
my exors, admors, and assigns, and such others as I, the said Charles Fisher,
my exors, admors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Islands of
Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and in all Her said Majesty's
Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention "FOR IMPROVEMENTS IN TRANS-
FERRING ORNAMENTAL DESIGNS ON TO WOVEN OR TEXTILE FABRICS, AND IN THE
APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE WITH;" in which said Letters Patent is contained
a proviso that I, the said Charles Fisher, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled
in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and

page_text: immediately after the date of the said herein in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being had thereto, will more fully and at
large appear.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso in the said
Letters Patent contained as aforesaid, I, the said Charles Fisher, do hereby
declare that the nature of my said Invention for Improvements in Trans-
ferring Ornamental Designs on to Woven or Textile Fabrics, and in the
Apparatus connected therewith, is fully described and ascertained in and by
the following description thereof, reference being had to the illustrative sheet
of Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters of reference marked thereon
on each of the Figures respectively.
My Invention consists in attaching ornamental designs in metal on to
woven or textile fabrics by the use of certain apparatus and certain amalgams
or adhesive powders or substances hereafter described. The fabric to be
operated on may receive in the finish a little more dress or stiffening than
usual. The metal (used in leaf) for brocading or embossing should be cut
into strips a trifle wider than the design about to be worked off. The cutting
is performed on a board covered with soft leather, a slight stuffing being
enclosed between the leather and the board. The strips when cut are lifted
from the cutting board by a tuft of cotton wool, which is first placed against
the skin of the face or hair of the head, by which it acquires a slight adhesive
property. The material to be operated upon is then to be very slightly
smeared from a tuft of cotton wool, which has been in a very slight degree
moistened with oil and water or other proper material. The metal leaf is then
laid on to the material to which it adheres, leaving the cotton in the operator's
hand. Care must be taken in smearing, previous to laying on the metal, to
do it very lightly, or otherwise it will injure or discolor the material or fabric
operated on; or the object may be attained by taking the material to be
operated upon and wiping it over with a piece of fine spunge previously
moistened with glaize (white of egg), which should be first well beaten up,
and the spunge squeezed nearly dry before applying it to the fabric which is
to be allowed to dry, and then be operated on as first described, by smearing
with cotton wool moistened with oil and water. In operating upon some
articles, such as velvets, it may sometimes be desirable before laying on the
leaf metal to dust them over with a powder, which would become adhesive on
pressure from heated surface being applied. This adhesive powder may
consist of gum arabic, gamboge, or any other adhesive material capable of
producing a fine powder by being pounded and sifted. If it be found
desirable, the metal leaf may, in some cases, be applied to the roller of the

page_text: The engraved
apparatus, to be hereafter described, as it revolves, instead of the fabric on
which the design is to be impressed; in such case the heat of the roller would
insure the adherence of the metal until pressure, when the loaf would leave
the roller for the fabric operated on, if properly prepared as before explained.
As soon as the gold or other leaf metal is imprinted on the fabric, it is desirable
to remove said fabric on to a framing, taking care the gold is face uppermost
or outermost. Any light framing, capable of holding suspended, say for
ribbon, half a piece, 18 yards on each side, so that the framing would support
one whole or two half pieces of ribbon. The impression press used for the
above purposes is shewn at Figures 1 and 2 of the annexed Drawing, and the
receiving apparatus for the surplus metal at Figure 3 thereof. Figure 1 is an
elevation, and Figure 2 a side view, of the impression press.
cylinder a, b, c, d, is made of brass or other suitable metal, and hollowed
out at e, f, to admit the introduction of a gas pipe for the purpose of heating
this cylinder. The gas heater for small cylinders I prefer to be a common
Argand burner, placed horizontally within one end of the pattern cylinder.
At the other end a tube (not seen in Drawing from the position of the
diagram, and it is not considered necessary to further describe it) is fixed,
which is turned upwards between the handle and upright frame of the
machine, or in any other convenient direction, for the purpose of its extremity
being inserted into a chimney or carried anywhere where the smoke or the gas
may escape. The portion of the tube next the cylinder should be made with
joint, to admit of its being disconnected for the purpose of removing the soot
which accumulates within both the tube and the cylinder. A sufficient or due
amount of heat is thus imparted to the barrel of the cylinder, and conse
quently to the engraving or design thereon; or if found convenient or desirable,
as where gas cannot be readily obtained, steam or heated metal may be used
to heat the pattern roller; for this purpose I prefer imparting thereto, whatever
may be the mode of heating, just so much caloric as would immediately
convert drops of water sprinkled thereon into steam. g, h, i, j, Figure 1,
denotes the impression cylinder covered with papier machê, paper, or any
other suitable slight conductor of heat. Due pressure is given to the axle
of the same by means of the adjusting thumbscrews k, l, Fig. 1, and motion is
communicated to the apparatus from the handle m, n, denoted by the red lines
at Figures 1 and 2, causing, with the assistance of a toothed wheel and
pinion, the pitch lines of which are shewn at o, p, q, Figure 2. Both cylinders,
revolve at once, and are kept together by cogs on each corresponding with
each other. On the cylinder or pattern roller a portion of a continuous design
is engraved in relievo, as shewn at r, s, Figure 1. It is not material whether

page_text: the superior or inferior roller be used as the impress roller, but I prefer the
latter. Care should be taken that previous to cutting, engraving, or otherwise
forming the design on the either roller, both should be turned "true" so as to
touch on every portion of their outer peripheries during a revolution thereof.
It should be observed, that two, three, or more designs may be cut or other-
wise formed on the pattern roller according to its width, or from other reasons.
The material to be operated on is passed the rollers, having first passed
through a pair of guides, that keep it central with the pattern on the roller, or
it may be directed by a pair of hands, these rollers being previously tightened
by screws k, l, as before explained; and the pattern is impressed on the
material (prepared with gold or other leaf metal on it, as before explained).
On leaving the rollers it may be allowed to fall into a basket or box, which is
to be removed at the completion of each piece, and another placed to receive
the next piece. It is then carried away to a table where the surplus gold is
wiped off with a piece of flannel folded three or four times thick, or it may be
made to pass through a box, shewn at a, b, c, d, Fig. 3, and drawn to a
reduced scale containing a circular brush e, f, driven by a string in connection
with a pulley on the axle of the handle, or otherwise at an angle g, h, i, of about
35 degrees. It is to travel underneath this brush, which removes the surplus
gold and throws it into the box, where it is secured. The fabric j, k, on
coming out of the box is wound on a roller l, as shewn, which roller should
travel at a slower speed than the brush, which has another string arranged for
that purpose. The roller is easily moveable at m and n, so that the ribbon or
other material may be taken off for examination, and put up for sale in the
usual manner, or the piece operated upon may be rolled up for sale at once.
When it is required to produce patterns in relief, I use two pairs of cylinders,
which are to be of equal diameter and moved at the same speed, by any
convenient arrangement for that purpose. The pattern roller of the first pair
of these rollers is to be cut in outline as a groundwork for surface printing,
and the under roller is made exactly as before described. The pattern roller
of the other pair is to be cut in intaglio, with its under roller or face in relief.
The leaf metal being laid on as before described, the material to be operated
on is to be placed between the first pair of these rollers, when it receives the
outline or surface projection, the interior of which is to be raised by the second
pair of rollers. It then is passed through the brushing box, as before described,
to remove the surplus metal, and then is passed through the second pair of
rollers, when the pattern cut in intaglio is produced in relief on the material.
which is then finished. To reverse the result, I should impress the gold on the
relief part, by arranging the pattern roller to impress only the exact design on

page_text: the material with the first pair of rollers, that is afterwards to be raised by the
second pair of rollers; it would pass through the brushing box and afterwards
through the second pair of rollers, and the relief part would be given
mented with the metal leaf.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be carried into practical effect, I would have it understood that I
lay no claim to any of the parts of the apparatus used taken severally as parts;
nor do I confine myself to the precise details mentioned or to the size or
number of rollers or other portions of the apparatus, as such may, and indeed
must, be varied to suit particular circumstances, as various widths of ribbon,
broad silk, or other material, surface relief printing, and the like, without at
all departing from the principle of my Invention, which I declare to be and
I claim as of my Invention: -
First, I claim the transferring or impressing of ornamental designs on to
woven and textile fabrics, in mode and manner herein-before described.
Secondly, I claim those portions of the apparatus or machinery herein-before
described and marked by the letters e, f, at Figure 2, also the whole of the
receiving apparatus denoted by Figure 3 in the annexed Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Fisher, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-seventh day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.