AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SAVING WATER IN WATERCLOSETS, URINALS, AND OTHER PLACES WHERE " FIXED QUANTITY OF WATER IS REQUIRED AT EACH OPERATION.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Henry Lynde, of Sale, in the County of
.
Chester, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR SAVING WATER IN WATERCLOSETS, URINALS, AND OTHER PLACES WHERE
"
FIXED QUANTITY OF WATER IS REQUIRED AT EACH
OPERATION.
Scaled the 1st December 1874, and dated the 1st October 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Henry Lynde
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
ou the 1st October 1874.
I, JAMES HENRY LYNDE, of Sale, in the County of Chester, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SAVING WATER IN WATERCLOSETS, URINALS, AND OTHER
PLACES WHERE A FIXED QUANTITY OF WATER IS REQUIRED AT EACH OPERATION,”
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to prevent the waste of water in water-
closets, urinals, and other places where a fixed quantity of water is
required at each operation to ensure a rapid flow of flushing and
trapping water in proper quantities, and to supercede the valves and
other intricate machinery contained in all apparatus at present in usc
for a similar purpose.

page_text: This Invention when applied to waterclosets consists of a metallic
cistern divided into three compartments. One contains a ball-cock,
which regulates the level of the water in it. Each of the two other
compartments communicates with that above mentioned by means of a
small hole in the division near the bottom. By means of these holes the
water is allowed access and rises to a uniform level in all the com-
partments.
Near the bottom of each of the two last-mentioned compartments a
syphon is attached, either inside or outside the cistern, rising to a point
above the level of the water and terminating at a point below the bottom
of the cistern. These syphons are actuated by two alternating flaps so
constructed that by a peculiar motion that is imparted to them it is
impossible to draw a vacuum under them, and thus they are capable of
being raised with ease. These flaps are connected to a lever and balance
weight working on a transverse spindle. The lever is connected with the
handle of the watercloset, urinal, or other place. When the handle is
actuated the lever causes the descent of one flap and the ascent of the other.
The descent of the flap charges one of the syphons, and the water con-
tained in the compartment to which it is connected is at once drawn off.
As soon as this is the case the syphon sucks air, and the compartment
is again filled through the small hole in the division. This forms the
flushing water.
When the handle is allowed to descend the balance weight actuates the
lever, which raises the flap already down and causes the other flap to
descend, thus charging the other syphon, which immediately draws off
the water contained in the compartment to which it is attached. This
forms the trapping water.
In applying this Invention to urinals or other places where only one
quantity of water is required to be discharged it is only necessary for the
cistern to be divided into two compartments, one containing a ball-cock
and the other having a syphon and flap actuated by a lever and balance
weight, as before described.
In place of the flaps above described ordinary plunger may be
substituted, which may be constructed of pot clay, china, metal, or any
suitable substance.

page_text: filed by the said James Henry Lynde in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 1st April 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
HENRY LYNDE, of Sale, in the County of Chester, Civil Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
cighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said James Henry Lynde, Her special licence
that I, the said James Henry Lynde, my exccutors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said James Henry Lynde, my exc-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR SAVING WATER IN WATERCLOSETS, URINALS, AND OTHER PLACES
WHERE A FIXED QUANTITY OF WATER IS REQUIRED AT EACH OPERATION," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Henry Lynde, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Henry Lynde, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say) :-
The object of this Invention is to prevent the waste of water in water-
closets, urinals, and other places where a fixed quantity of water is
required at each operation to ensure a rapid flow of flushing and.
trapping water in proper quantities, and to supercede the valves and

page_text: other intricate machinery contained in all apparatus at present in use
for a similar purpose.
This Invention when applied to waterclosets consists of a metallic
cistern divided into three compartments. One contains a ball-cock,
which regulates the level of the water in it. Each of the two other
compartments communicates with that above mentioned by means of a
small hole in the division near the bottom. By means of these holes
the water is allowed access and rises to a uniform level in all the com-
partments.
Near the bottom of each of the two last-mentioned compartments a
syphon is attached either inside or outside the cistern, rising to a point
above the level of the water and terminating at a point below the bottom
of the cistern. These syphons are actuated by two alternating flaps so
constructed that by a peculiar motion that is imparted to them it is
impossible to draw a vacuum under them, and thus they are capable of
being raised with ease. These flaps are connected to a lever and balance
weight working on a transverse spindle. The lever is connected with
the handle of the watercloset, urinal, or other place. When the handle
is actuated the lever causes the descent of one flap and the ascent of the
other. The descent of the flap charges one of the syphons, and the
water contained in the compartment to which it is connected is at once
drawn off. As soon as this is the case the syphon sucks air, and the
compartment is again filled through the small hole in the division. This
forms the flushing water.
When the handle is allowed to descend the balance weight actuates
the lever, which raises the flap already down and causes the other flap
to descend, thus charging the other syphon, which immediately draws
off the water contained in the compartment. to which it is attached.
This forms the trapping water.
In applying this Invention to urinals or other places where only onc
quantity of water is required to be discharged, it is only necessary for
the cistern to be divided into two compartments, one containing a ball-
cock and the other having a syphon and flap actuated by a lever and
balance weight as before described.
In place of the flaps above described ordinary plungers may be sub-
stituted, which may be constructed of pot clay, china, metal, or any
suitable substance.

page_text: And in order that my said Invention may be readily carried into
operation I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
wherein the same letters of reference indicate similar parts in all the
Figures.
..
Figure 1 represents a plan of the apparatus; Figure 2, vertical section
on line Y, Z, on plan; Figure 3, exterior view of apparatus.
11

page_text: It is obvious that the said apparatus may be constructed of any
material capable of holding water.
It will be seen that by these arrangements a definite quantity of water
only is at the command of the consumer, and that it is impossible to
leave the watercloset untrapped, as the trapping water flows only after
the handle has been allowed to descend.
I wish it to be particularly understood that I claim as my Invention
the combination of the main cistern A with the separate compartment C,
which is charged with trapping water previously to the discharge of the
flushing compartment B, whereby the trapping compartment cannot be
discharged except by the fall of the watercloset handle, as shewn and
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Henry Lynde have hereto
set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of March, One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
JAMES HENRY LYNDE. (L.S.)