IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARETTES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARETTES." A communi-
cation from abroad by John Cowman and George Henry Frost, both of the
City and State of New York, United States of America.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th August 1881.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co., Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR
MAKING CIGARETTES." A communication from abroad by John Cowman and
George Henry Frost, both of the City and State of New York, United States of
America.
This Invention relates to improvements in machines for making cigarettes, and
consists in various novel features of construction, as hereinafter fully described.
The objects of the said Invention will be understood from the detailed description
hereinafter given.
In the accompanying Drawings,—
Figure 1 is an elevation of the right-hand side of a machine constructed according
to this Invention.
Figure 1 is a detached view of the end of the paste-trough and attachments,
which are hidden in Figure 1.
Figure 2 is an elevation of the left-hand side of the machine.
Figure 3 is a central vertical longitudinal section of the same.
Figure 4 is a top view of the said machine.
Fig
Figure 5 is a front view of the mechanism for actuating the cutter m².
Figure 6 is a detached view of the pinion, pawl, and ratchet wheel, secured on
the end of the upper feed roller y¹.

page_text: Figure 7 is a vertical transverse section through that portion of the machine
operating and connected with the knife A'.
Figure 8 is a vertical section through the line 1, 2, Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a horizontal section through the line 3, 4, Figure 7.
Figure 10 is a detached longitudinal section, shewing the tilting table T³ in an
upright position, the arms a thrown forward in position to take the strip of paper
from the said tilting table, and the flexible sheet Vs in the act of rolling a strip of
tobacco, the dotted lines shewing the different positions of the arms as they
descend to deliver the strip of paper on the flexible sheet in proper relation to be
rolled up with the rod of tobacco. In this view are shewn two positions of the
mechanism for rolling the cigarette, the position at the left being the condition of
the pocket for receiving the rod of tobacco, and that at the right shewing the
tobacco as it is rolled forward to receive the paper.
Figure 10 is a view of the left-hand end of the carriage q³, shewing one of
the arms in a vertical position, and the mechanism whereby it is thrown
forward.
Figure 11 is a plan or top view, partly in section, of one of the arms x³ and its
connections.
Figure 12 is a detached vertical transverse section through one of the bars Q³,
shewing the relation of the short rod R³ to the table Ms.
Figure 13 is a detached view of the rear ends of the arms ES and x².
Figure 14 is a detached side view of the rear portion of the said arms E³ and x²
with their connections.
Figure 15 is a top view of a portion of one of the segmental ends L' and adjacent
parts.
Figure 16 is a broken top view of a portion of the mechanism for forming the
pocket and rolling the cigarette.
Figure 17 is a side elevation partly in section of the segmental table, the tobacco
trough, and rolling mechanism, the latter being shewn in position to be returned
for receiving another rod of tobacco.
Figures 18 and 19 are detached views of parts of the same.
Figure 20 is a side view shewing the manner of feeding the paper to the machine,
and
Figures 21 and 22 are detached views of the cutting knives.
A indicates the frame of the machine, consisting of the two sides B, D, suitably
mounted and connected; E represents the main axle of the driving mechanism of
the machine, which, when rotated, as hereinafter described, operates the mechanism
for actuating the different parts of the machine.
Between the sides B, D, in the rear part of the machine is arranged the feed
apron a, which consists of an endless piece of flexible material mounted upon
rollers i, j, journalled in the sides of the said machine. The bearings of the rear
roller jare mounted in blocks, and are adjustable longitudinally by means of the
set-screw and nut k, whereby the tension of the apron on the rollers may be
increased or diminished at will. A block is provided between the upper and
lower halves of the apron a for sustaining the weight of the tobacco upon it.
Over the front end of the apron a are provided the parallel horizontal rollers m, n,
which are in close relation to the said apron, and have their ends journalled in the
sides of the machine. These rollers m, n, are connected by a belt o, and between
them if desired will be supplied a suitable plate to prevent the lower portion of
the belt being sagged in by the pressure of the tobacco passing below it on the
apron a.
Upon the left-hand end of the roller is provided a pinion wheel, which gears
into a similar wheel upon the end of the roller i, and is rotated by it, whereby the
movement of the apron a is made simultaneous with the roller n operating the
belt o. Centrally over the belt o is arranged a roller or shaft p, the ends of which
are journalled in slots, and are adjustable by means of the screws r.
The purpose

page_text: of the roller pis by its vertical adjustment to take up any slack in the belt o
between the rollers m, n.
Upon the apron a may, if desired, be provided strips or guides, one at each side,
the object of which is to retain the sheet of tobacco in a uniform width, and guide
it to the knife A', hereinafter described. These guides or strips may be made
adjustable toward each other if desired, so that the width of the sheet of tobacco
may be regulated at will. In front of the roller i the way is continued forward by
a bar or narrow platform F! of metal, and in front of this is pivotted between the
sides of the machine a tilting bar G', which, when upright, fits closely against and
is flush with the upper surface of the platform F'.
Upon the pivot at the right hand end of the tilting bar G¹ is secured a spring I¹,
which after the bar has been forced forward, and the actuating pressure has been
relieved, retracts the same to its former position against the platform F.
Upon each end of the axle E within the sides B, D, are mounted the cams J', K',
and between these cams at each end of the shaft, are arranged, so as to have a
pivotal movement thereon, the carriers L', the upper ends of which constitute short
arms M¹, which extend over the cams J¹ above mentioned, and are influenced by
them. Below the cams K¹ the carriers L' are supplied with the shoulders or
projections N¹; which are acted upon by the cams, as hereinafter set forth.
Upon the lower portions of the carriers L' are formed the blocks 01, one being
at each side of the machine; between these blocks is firmly secured the knife A².
The outer faces of the blocks O¹ are cut to form the grooves R' which fit over the
blocks S. The lower ends of these blocks S¹ are connected by pins T¹ passing
through the slots V' with the lower ends of the bell-crank arms W¹, which are
pivotted to the sides B, D, and are so arranged that their upper ends impinge the
cams X¹ secured upon the axle E. The springs Y₁are furnished to retain the upper
portions of the bell-crank arms against the cams X'.
Upon the cam X' at the right hand end of the machine rests the arm Z¹, the
rear portion of which is pivotted in a bearing on the end of the cross-bar f. The
rear extremity of the arm Z' has pivotted upon it the long pawl a¹, which engages
the teeth of the ratchet wheel 6' secured on the end of the roller i which carries
the apron a, and this pawl serves to rotate it at proper intervals, as hereinafter
specified. The length of the movement of the pawl a¹ and the distance con-
sequently that the roller i shall be rotated at any one interval is controlled by
means of the screw d¹ set in the front end of the arm Z'. The lower end of the
screw d¹ strikes the edge of the frame of the machine when the movement of the
arm Z' has impelled the pawl a¹ far enough and arrests the said movement. By
adjusting the screw d¹ vertically the length of this movement may be governed at
will. A locking-nut e' is supplied for the purpose of retaining the screw in any
set position.
For the purpose of explaining the operation and effect of the cams and arms
above described, let us suppose that the tilting bar G' is in position against the
edge of the platform F, and that the knife A' is vertically above the joint formed
by the contact of said bar and platform, it is supposed that when these devices are
in the positions described, there will be a sufficient quantity of the sheet tobacco
fed by the apron a on the tilting bar G¹ to form one long cigarette. The axle E
is now rotated toward the front of the machine in the customary manner, which
causes the cams J¹, K¹, and X¹ to rotate. This movement first causes the cams K¹
to exert a downward pressure upon the projections N¹, and drives thereby the
lower ends of the blocks 01 and the knife A¹ downward. The lower ends of the
blocks O pass downward between the extremities of the tilting bar G' and
the platform F, while the knife A¹ passes downward between and separates the
contact of the said bar and platform and severs that portion of the sheet of tobacco
that was on the tilting bar. The cam X¹ now allows the front end of the arm Z¹
to lower, and the cam then forces the upper ends of the bell-crank levers or
arms W' toward the rear. The lowering of the front end of the arm Z¹ causes the
rear end thereof to elevate, which carries the point of the pawl a¹ upward on the

page_text: ratchet wheel b¹ two or three teeth, or any space, according to the adjustment of
the screw d¹, as herein before set forth. The effect of the cam X' forcing the upper
end of the bell-crank arm or lever toward the rear, as above described, is to drive
its lower end toward the front, which movement is communicated through the
pins T to the blocks O', carriers L', and the knife A¹, all of which are inclined
forward, and the blocks O¹ being in contact with the tilting bar G¹ tilts it forward
on to the rod H¹. The tilting forward of the bar G acts to throw the severed
strip of tobacco above mentioned into a trough, which will be hereinafter described.
The revolution of the shaft E continuing, the lower ends of the blocks O¹ pass
beyond the extremities of the tilting bar G¹, which then being left free is instantly
drawn back against the platform F1 by the tension of the spring I¹. When the
bar G¹ flies back to its vertical position its upper edge passes very closely under
the edge of the knife A¹, which, should the strip of tobacco not fall from the
tilting bar readily, will knock it off into the trough mentioned. After the tilting
bar G¹ has resumed its position in contact with the platform F', the greatest
excentricity of the cam XI passes beneath the front end of the arm Z¹, raising it,
and consequently lowering its rear end, which depresses the pawl a' and causes
the ratchet wheel b¹ to rotate a given distance. The rotation of the ratchet
wheel 6 actuates the roller i to revolve it, which causes the apron a to travel
forward a distance corresponding with that of the rotation of the ratchet wheel b¹.
When the cam X¹ is in such position as to raise the front end of the arm 7' it will
permit the springs Y¹ to force the upper ends of the crank arms or levers W
forward. This draws the lower ends of the arms W₁ rearward to their former
position, and returns the knife A¹ to a vertical position above the edge of the
platform F', when it is in proper position to be operated to sever another strip of
tobacco from the sheet fed forward by the apron a. The movements of the cams,
arms, and knife above set forth occur at each revolution of the shaft E. Thus
each time the said shaft is revolved a strip of tobacco is cut off and thrown
forward, and the sheet fed forward in position for the severing of another strip.
Upon the front end of the machine are arranged the devices for feeding and
cutting off the paper for wrapping the strip of tobacco to form the cigarettes.
The roll of paper is supported between the vertical sides of the stand I placed
upon the floor in front of the machine. The end of the roll of paper extends from
the stand over the paper-board g¹ to the feeding and cutting devices hereinafter
described. That portion of the paper between the roll and the paper-board g¹ is
permitted to sag somewhat, and has placed upon it the roller h, as shewn in
Figure 20, which will preferably consist of wood, and the object of which is to
remove all inclination from the paper to curl and to facilitate its unrolling. I
attach particular importance to this feature of the machine.
Above the inner portions of the paper-board g¹ and extending from one side of
the machine to the other are secured the two parallel horizontal guide-rods, upon
which is mounted the carriage k¹, which is adapted to travel backward and forward
horizontally from one side of the machine to the other, and bas journalled in its
lower portion, which extends below the rods ¹, the axle 1, upon the rear end of
which is secured the cutting-wheel m', and upon the front portion the pinion n'.
The wheel or knife m³, when the carriage k¹ is operated, travels along the rear
edge of the paper-board g¹ and operates to cut off a strip of paper from the paper-
roll, as hereinafter described. The pinion n¹ meshes with the teeth of the rack o'
secured between the sides of the machine a suitable distance above the paper-
board g¹, and when the carriage is moved serves to rotate the axle l' and with it
the knife m¹. The carriage is drawn back and forth by the movement of a chain
at belt p², which passes over the four pulleys q', and has its ends secured on
opposite sides of the carriage. Thus as the chain is caused to travel over the
pulleys, it will draw the carriage correspondingly over the rods j¹, and cause the
knife to cut off a strip of paper. The bearings of the two upper pulleys q¹ are
adjustable laterally in order that they may be made to take up all slack to the
chain. For the purpose of giving the chain p' the proper movement, it will be

page_text: operated from the axle E through the arms r¹, 8¹. The rear end of the arm 7³ will
be pivotted to the cross-bar f, and will have a stud t¹ on its lower surface, which
will come in contact with the cam u¹ on the axle E. The front portion of the
arm r¹ will extend forward in proper relation to the chain p³, and has pivotted in
its extremity one end of the short arm s¹, the other end of which is clamped on
the chain p¹, and is furnished with a grooved block w³, which fits over the upper
edge of the guide-rod a³, whereby the movement of the said arm 8' and the
chain p' is always in a direct line across the machine. The rotation of the shaft E
will cause the cam u¹ acting through the stud t¹ to force the arm 7¹ to oscillate
horizontally upon the pivot, securing it to the bar f, whereby the front end of the
arm with the arm & and its connections will be driven transversely across the
machine. This movement of the arm a¹ is communicated through the chain p¹ and
carriage to the knife m³ and pinion n'.
Upon the rear edge of the paper-board g¹ is arranged a pair of rollers y¹ and a
small rod z¹. The rollers y¹ are journalled between the sides of the machine, and
arranged one directly above and in close contact with the other, and are geared
together.
Upon the left hand end of the upper roller y¹ is a pinion A' which meshes with
the teeth on the rack B, and is rotated by it. The rack B is formed upon the
front end of the arm 0, which is pivotted at its rear to the side of the machine,
and has its rear extremity placed in contact with the cam D³ secured upon the
end of the shaft E, which extends across the machine, and is supplied on its right
hand end with the gear-wheel F. The wheel F' is connected with the axle E
through the gear-wheels G, H, I³ (the last named being secured on the axle E),
and is operated by it to rotate the shaft E² and cam D³, which as it turns alternately
depresses the rear end of the arm C³, and it is permitted to return to its former
position by its weight. The depression of the rear end of the arm C³ causes its
front portion carrying the rack "B" to elevate, which movement of the rack rotates
the pinion A² and the upper feed-roller y¹. When the excentricity of the cam D³
has passed the extremity of the arm Č³, the arm and rack Bª fall of their own
weight to their former position. This latter movement of the rack B° rotates the
pinion A³ in the reverse direction, and does not affect the feed-rollers, the pinion
being loosely mounted and connected with the upper feed-roller through a spring-
pawl Js, the point of which enters the teeth of the ratchet wheel K³ rigidly secured
on the end of said upper feed-roller. When the rack B³ is elevated, the point of
the pawl Js forces the ratchet wheel K³ and upper roller y' to rotate, and when it
is depressed it slides-over the ratchet wheel leaving the said feed-roller unaffected.
The right-hand ends of the feed-rollers y¹ are supplied with the gear-wheels L³, by
means of which the movement of the upper roller is communicated to the lower,
and both rollers are rotated in the same direction. When the rack B³ is depressed
its lower end rests upon the stop M², which is furnished with the set-screw N³, the
purpose of which is to regulate the extent of the movement of the rack B¹, and
consequently the distance the feed-rollers y' shall rotate, and the length of paper
to be fed and cut off. By working the screw N upward the sweep of the rack B
is diminished, and the rotation of the feed-rollers and the quantity of paper fed are
correspondingly diminished. The withdrawl or lowering of the set-screw N*
produces a contrary effect upon the feed-rollers. The lower feed-roller y' is
journalled in bearings which are adjustable vertically by means of set-screws o³.
In inserting the edge of the paper between the rollers y' it will be desirable to
lower the lower one slightly, so as to permit the insertion to be readily made
without danger of crimping the paper, after which the roller is adjusted in close
relation to the upper roller again. The small rod ¹ is supplied for the purpose of
preserving the extreme edge of the paper from danger of becoming irregular or
rolling up as the knife revolves across it.
In rear of the feed-rollers y¹ the paper-board g¹ is continued rearward by the
metallic bar Pa having an inclined rear edge, and having a shoulder Q³ adjacent to
its rear edge, against which the knife severs the paper.

page_text: In rear of the bár P is journalled between the sides of the machine the shaft R³,
upon which is arranged a series of clamps S and a bar T. The ends of the bar T
are supplied with collars V through which the shaft R' passes.
Upon the collar V, at the right hand end of the shaft R2, is furnished a lug
having a socket W' in which rests the lower end of a rod X³, the upper end of
which passes upward through an aperture in the guide Y' in proper relation to the
cam Z secured upon the axle of the gear-wheel G².
Upon the extremity of the shaft R³ is a small pinion a³ which meshes with the
teeth of the rack 6 formed upon the end of the arm d³, which is secured upon
the outer extremity of the axle of the gear-wheel G³, its rear end terminating in
proper relation to the cam e secured upon the face of the gear-wheel F³.
Upon the left hand end of the shaft R³ is provided a spring f" to throw the
clamps S back to place when they have been tilted rearward; and upon the
collar V2 at the left hand end of the machine will be supplied a similar spring for
the purpose of retracting the bar T when it has been forced rearward from the
rear edge of the bar P2. The front edge of the bar T is supplied preferably with
a strip of flexible material h³ for the purpose hereinafter mentioned, which may be
secured in place by inserting its edge in a groove formed in the bar, or otherwise,
as may be desired. The strip h' may be dispensed with if desired, but I prefer to
employ it as it facilitates the operation of the machine. When the bar T2 is in its
normal position its front edge will rest against the bar P, and its upper surface
will be on the same horizontal plane with tho paper-board g¹.
At a suitable elevation above and in rear of the bar T2 is arranged in bearings
the paste trough, consisting of a casing of proper dimensions having a spring-
bottom screwed to the casing at its rear edge, the front portion of the bottom being
held in place by the screws which project upward through the bar ³, whereon
they are supplied with nuts 1, by means of which and the screws the bottom of
the trough may be adjusted with relation to the paste-roller m³ forming the front
of the trough, and the exit of the paste thereby regulated. The axle of the
roller m² has upon its right hand and a cam n² and a gear-wheel o' which meshes
with the gear-wheel G2 and is operated by it.
In the rear of the paste-trough it is journalled in the sides of the machine the
shaft p², upon which is mounted the rocking carriage 93, and upon the left hand
end the cam. In the carriage q³ is journalled the shaft s, having secured upon
its ends the arms t and the shaft u which will be connected with the shaft p³ by:
gear wheels w³, so that each will have a similar movement at the same time. The
arm at the right-hand end of the shaft så hangs down in near relation to the
cam at the end of the shaft p³.
Upon the ends of the shaft u³ are loosely mounted the arms 2³, which extend
forward and have pivotted in the outer edges of their ends the fingers A³, which
are clamped against the faces of the ends of the arms by the springs B³.
Near the upper ends of the arms a² are provided pins Cs which rest in pockets
formed in the arms 2, and which impart the motion of the arms to the
arms x².
"
Upon the ends of the shaft u² are secured cams D³, which will operate at the
proper time to draw the levers E³ and arms I³ (which extend from the fingers A³)
upward and remove the contact of the fingers A³ from the ends of the arms a³.
The rods or arms I are pivotted at their lower ends in the outer extremities of the
pivotted fingers A³, their upper ends being pivotally connected with the levers E³
which are pivotted to the carriage q³.
Upon the left-hand end of the carriage 9' is pivotted an arm or link F³, having
its outer or rear end connected by a pivot to the upper end of the lever G³, the
lower end of which is adjustably secured in the slot HS by a set-screw, the purpose
of the adjustment being to govern the sweep of the rocking carriage q³ and its
connections.
Upon the left-hand end of the shaft p' is mounted a cam e', which operates
through the lever G³ and arm Fs to tilt the carriage q² rearward.

page_text: Springs J³ will be supplied at suitable points beneath the ends of the carriage q
for the purpose of giving the arms a downward tension. The carriage q³ will be
supplied with springs K³ which extend from the ends of the carriage to the sides
B, D, and operate to draw the carriage forward after it has been tilted rearward in
the operation of the machine.
Below and a proper distance in front of the knife A¹ are pivotted in opposite
sides of the machine the segmental ends or frames L³, the curved surfaces of which
are up and are cut away on their upper inner edges, forming angular recesses of
sufficient depth to admit the board-table M³, which extends from one segmental
frame or end L' to the other, whereby a table having a convex upper surface is
formed entirely across the machine.
Upon the vertical portion of the ends L³ are formed the cams P³, and upon the
the outer faces of the ends are formed the cam surfaces N³ and F.
Upon the ends of the shaft securing the segmental frames L³ in place are
journalled the oscillating bars Q³, which extend upward slightly above the plane of
the table Ms, where they are provided with apertures in which are loosely inserted
the studs or short rods R³, the outer ends of which protrude outward beyond the
bars Q, where they have annular grooves in which the upper ends of the spring-
bars S are inserted, said ends being suitably conformed to fit in the grooves.
The lower ends of the spring-bars S³ are screwed firmly upon the outer surfaces
of the bars Q³.
Upon the inner faces of the bars S³ are secured the studs TS at points about on a
line with the cams P³. When the bars Q³ are at the rear of the table the upper
ends of the bars S³ and the short rods R³ are forced inward by the studs T running
over or upon the cams P³, but when the bars Q³ are impelled frontward the studs T³
ride up the cams P³ and force the upper ends of the bars S outward from the
bars Q3, which has the effect of bringing the rods R³ outward over the edge of the
table Ms.
Upon the front edge of the table M³ is a roller G arranged in such relation to
the other parts of the machine that it constitutes the front edge of the said table.
Upon the table M³ is placed a sheet of india rubber or other suitable flexible.
material Vs, the rear edge of which is hooked or otherwise secured upon the rod X³
in rear of the table. The rod ✗³ is secured upon the outer ends of a series of
screws Ys, which may be impelled forward or retracted by the finger-nuts Z. The
screws Ys are sustained in parallel positions by being passed through the rod 5
attached to the side frames B, D. When it is desired to slacken the apron it is
only necessary to work the screws Y³ forward by operating the nuts Z³; by
retracting the said screws the apron may be tightened. The front edge of the
apron passes over the rollers G and then towards the rear under said table,
where it is retained upon the rod P journalled between the sides of the machine.
The rod P is secured at each end upon the set screws 10 which pass rearward
through apertures in the rod 11, and have coiled around them beyond the rod 11
the springs 12 which are retained in position by the nuts 13, and may by said nuts
be compressed or made more free, whereby their tension is regulated. The purpose
of thus securing the front edge of the apron V³ is to afford means which will
effectually prevent its becoming slack during the operation of the machine. The
springs 12 operate to take up all looseness in the apron and keep it taut.
Above the rear portion of the table M³ is arranged across the machine and at a
point just in front of the sweep of the tilting bar G¹ the trough as, which is widest
at its upper portion, and consists of the two sides H, I, which meet when closed at
their lower edges and are pivoted together at their end plates, whereby the
complete trough is formed. The inner side H of the trough is connected below the
horizontal centre of the pivots securing it to the side I by the cords or small
chains J with studs K secured on the inner sides of the machine. The side I of
the trough is pivoted at its lower end between the arms L of the bell-crank
levers M pivoted one on each side of the machine. The arms N of the levers M
pass downward over the outer upper portions of the ends of the table M³ and

page_text: have a tension upward by the springs O. When the lower ends of the arms N
are forced rearward they operate through the arms L to open the trough a³ by
separating its sides at their lower portion, and as soon as the pressure against the
arms N is relieved the springs O retract them to their former position, closing the
trough a Upon the upper outer portions of the oscillating bars Q³ are provided
the studs 14, which when the bars are moved toward the rear strike the lower
ends of the arms N and thereby effect the movement opening the trough a³
aforesaid.
In the inner faces of the oscillating bars Q³ are formed the vertical recesses 15,
in which are placed the carriers 16. Upon the lower ends of the carriers 16 are 1
the sheave wheels 17, which travel over the cam surfaces N³. Within the
carriers 16 are framed vertical recesses, in which are placed the toothed bars 17¹,
the upper portions of which mesh with the small pinions 18 journalled in the upper
ends of the bars Q³ and formed on the outer ends of the double elongated
bearings 19 extending inward over the edge of the table Ms. At about the vertical
centre of each carrier 16 is supplied the slot 20, in which works a pin 21, the inner
end of which is connected with the toothed bar 171, and the outer end carries a
small wheel 22, which is acted upon by the cam surface F. In the ends of the
bearings 19 are mounted the rollers 23 and 24, which extend entirely across the
table M³, the roller 23 being below the flexible apron Vs and the roller 24, which is s
termed the pocket roller, being above the same. The special functions of the
rollers 23 and 24 appears in detail hereinafter. Upon the front portion of the
outer faces of the ends L³ are pivotted the arms 25, having pivotted to their lower
ends the arms 26, which extend upward to the front and connect with the lower
ends of the arms 26' hung upon the rod 27, which is secured between the two side
frames of the machine. Upon the right hand end of the rod-27' is secured the
arm 28, the forward end of which extends just below the upper rear end of the
lever 26¹, while its rear end terminates in close relation to the cam 31 secured
upon the face of the wheel F. The arms 25 have a tension upwards by the
springs 32, so as not to interfere with the operation of other parts of the mechanism.
When in the operation of the machine the greatest excentricity of cam 31 is
brought in contact with the rear end of lever 28 the same is forced downward,
thereby elevating the front end of the lever, which has the effect of raising the
end of arm 26¹ and thereby giving a rotary movement toward the front to rod 27;
this lowers the arms 26 and 25, the arm 25 being when this movement occurs
forced against the wheel 22, pressing it and its connections downward, as described
hereinafter. After the excentricity of the cam 31 has passed the end of the lever 28
the springs 32 draw the arms upward to their former position until the cam shall.
again likewise affect them.
When the oscillating bars Q³ are at the rear end of the table M³ the friction
wheels 17 and 22 are upon the highest projections of the cam surfaces N³ and F,
as indicated in Figure 10. The wheels 17 and 22 being in this position cause the
corresponding elevation of the carrier 16 and toothed bars 17 and the rollers 23
and 24. The relation of these elevated parts is shewn with sufficient accuracy in
said Figure 10. The flexible sheet V³ at this condition of the machine lays upon
the upper surface of the table M³ nearly to the rear edge of same, thence passes
under the short rods R³ and slightly forward and upward (forming the pocket or
bightf) between the rollers 23 and 24.
When the bars Q³ are thrown toward the rear in the position above described
the studs 14 operate the arms N to open the trough as, which drops at that
moment the rod of tobacco severed from the sheet into the bight or pocket f*.
In front and slightly below the front edge of the table Ms is arranged between
the sides of the machine the trough, which will be widest at its top and will
consist of the ends and rear side and the fingers m³, which constitute the front side
of the trough and are secured upon the shaft n³, which when rotated toward the
front carries the lower ends of the fingers m³ in a like direction and permits the
contents of the trough to fall through its bottom on to and between the two

page_text: corresponding series of revolving knives o³, which are secured upon the shafts pi
and revolve toward each other. Upon the right hand end of the rear shaft p³ is
secured the band wheel g³, whereby motion is communicated to said shaft and the
knives of upon it from the band wheel D'. The front shaft p³ is journalled in the
upper ends of the ears 40, which are secured to opposite sides of the frame of the
machine by set screws 41. By loosening the screws 41 the ears 40 can be turned
toward the front and the series of knives o³ on the front shaft p³ thus thrown
from contact with the rear knives o³, thus making. it possible to quickly clean or
sharpen the knives and return them to position without interfering with the other
parts of the machine. The knives o³ on the rear shaft p³ are bevelled on the right
hand edge of their periphery and the knives o³ on the front shaft ps are bevelled
on their left hand edge. When the two series of knives o³ are in use for cutting
the cigarettes their bevelled surfaces are brought in contact with each other, 80
that when the rear knives o³ are revolved by the band wheel 98 the friction caused
by their bevelled surfaces rubbing against the bevelled surfaces of the front series
of knives o³ will cause the latter to revolve also, though not quite so rapidly, as
the rear series of knives. It has been found that the two series of knives thus
revolving towards each other, one series a little slower than the other, operate to
make a smoother and surer cut than when the two series are connected by gear
wheels or in any other manner.
It is proposed to employ five pairs of knives, but any number desired may be
used according to the length of the cigarettes to be produced.
Directly below the four spaces between the knives o³ is secured a chute or
trough which conducts the cigarettes as they fall from the knives to any suitable
receptacle placed to receive them. At the ends of the trough or chute & are
secured the chutes us which receive the stubs or waste ends cut from the cigarettes
by the two pairs of end knives o³ and conduct them to a separator w³, which is a
rectangular shaped receptacle having a bottom of woven wire, or other material
that will act as a sieve. The front ends of the separator w³ will be connected in
an adjustable manner to the rocking arms by the screw threaded bolts y³ which
pass through apertures in the ends of the arms ³, whereby they are retained and
are capable of vertical adjustment by the nuts 2. By adjusting the screw threaded
bolts y vertically, the elevation of the front portion of the separator w³ may be
regulated at will. The rear portion of the separator w³ is secured to the lower arm
of the bell-crank lever A' which is pivotted on the left-hand side of the machine,
the other end of the said bell-crank lever extending forward and being pivotted
in the lower end of the pitman-rod B connected with and driven by the pinion
wheel R. The rotation of the wheel T operates through the wheel R and pitman B*
to rock the bell-crank lever A*, which has the effect of agitating the separator w³,
causing any tobacco that may be in the stubs of the cigarettes deposited in it by
the chutes us to be sifted through its bottom and thus saved, while the papers from
the said stubs accumulate at the rear end of the separator w³ and gradually fall
over its rear end, whence they are swept away.
In the description above given, I have set out the operation of feeding the
tobacco forward in a sheet, cutting off a strip of the same and depositing it in the
trough a³. While this operation of preparing the strip of tobacco for the cigarette
is being performed, the paper for rolling the cigarette is fed inward over the paper-
board g' by the movement of the feed-rolls y¹ operated by the rack B2 and cam D³,
as aforesaid, the extent of the paper fed being regulated by the stop M* and set
screw N. After the proper quantity of paper has been fed inward upon the
bar T, forming a continuation of the paper-board g', the arms r², 8', will be acted
upon by the cam u¹ to draw through the chain p', the carriage k' across over the
paper, cutting off a strip as herein before described for the purpose of receiving the
strip of tobacco aforesaid, or to serve as a wrapper. Just prior to the strip of
paper being severed, the rack 6 which is actuated by the cam e' through the arm d³,
rotates the pinion a³ and shaft R³ to throw the clamps S upward, over, and upon
the rear surface of the bar T, the clamps in this position serving effectually to

page_text: hold the rear portions of the strip of paper firmly and smoothly against the bar T
when the latter is in a horizontal position. The motion of the machine continuing,
the cam Z forces the rod, X* downward against the lug W2 which tilts the bar T
and the strip of paper rearward, as shewn in Figure 10, in full lines, the front edge
of the strip of paper which is left projecting over the flexible edge h³ of the bar T,
being in this movement touched against the paste roller m², whereby the said edge
of the paper for a space of about one-sixteenth of an inch is covered with a thin
layer of paste. In this movement of the strip of paper to the paste-roller m³ the
clamps S turn with the tilting table or bar T and retain the paper upon the same.
At this point in the operation the cam n² will come in contact with the small
wheel D secured on the side of the machine, and in riding over it will elevate for
a moment the paste roller m² and rear portion of the paste-trough, whereby the
said paste-roller is lifted up clear of the strip of paper without danger of tearing
it. After the edge of the paper has received a layer of paste and the paste-roller
has been elevated as aforesaid, the springs Ks at the ends of shaft p³ operate to
tilt the carriage q³ forward, while the cam acting on the arms t brings the ends
of the arms up in close relation to the ends of the strip of paper which is on the
tilting bar T, and at the same time the cams D³ draw on the levers E³ and arms I³
thereby overcoming the tension of the springs B³ and opening the fingers A³ from
the ends of the arms x².
The arms are of such length that when they are thrust forward toward the
ends of the paper bar T they will just reach the ends of the strip of paper, and
when the fingers A³ are open their inner ends will be on the front side of the said
two opposite ends of the strip of paper. The cams D³, when the arms ³ and
fingers A are in this position, pass from contact with the levers E³ and arms I³,
which allows the fingers A³ to close upon the ends of the strip of paper, securely
holding them against the arms ³. At this point in the operation the lever d³ of
the rack b² operated by the cam e will rotate through the pinion a³ the shaft R²
toward the rear, thereby raising the clamps S' from the bar T and strip of paper,
lowering them out of the way. At the same time the cam Z3 passes the rod X'
and permits the spring f' on the end of the axle of the bar T2 to throw the said
bar into its former horizontal position against the edge of the bar P into proper
position to receive another strip of paper from the feed-rollers y', after which the
clamps S are brought up and made to hold down the paper against it as before.
The movement continuing, the cam e' on shaft p operates through the lever G³
and arm F³ to tilt the upper end of the carriage q³ rearward, when the arms ³
carrying the strip of paper will fall into a vertical position, after which the cam e¹
having passed its contact with the lever G³, the springs Ks will draw the upper
portion of the carriage q³ forward, which has the effect of thrusting the arms³
vertically downward, thereby carrying the said strip of paper downward and
holding it very close and at a tangent to the front portion of the flexible sheet or
apron V3 which is resting upon the table M³. At the same time, or a moment
prior thereto, the ends of the studs 14 on bars Q³ come in contact with the lower
ends of the arms N, opening the trough a³ as aforesaid and dropping the strip of
tobacco contained in it into the bight f* in the rear portion of the flexible sheet V³.
This condition of the machine is shewn in Figure 10 of the Drawings..
In the present condition of the machine the strip of paper has been cut off, its
edge pasted, and is held close to the front upper surface of the flexible sheet or
apron V³, while the strip of tobacco, corresponding in length to the strip of paper,
is resting transversely across the rear portion of the said flexible sheet Vs. The
Oscillating bars Qs are now brought forward on their bearings; this causes the
wheels 17 and 22, to ride down the cam surfaces N* and F, and the studs T³ to
ride up the cam Ps. The effect of the studs T riding up the cams P³ is the
withdrawal of the short rods R³ from contact with the edges of the apron V³, so
that they will not interfere with the rolling of the strip of tobacco in the bight f*
When the wheels 17 and 22 pass downward on the cams N³ and F, the carriers 16,
toothed bars 171, double elongated bearings 19, and rolls 23 and 24, are brought

page_text: nearer to the table M³, the rolls 23 and 24 coming in near relation to the table
and closing thereby the strip of tobacco in the bight or pocket f, as indicated in
Figure 10. The forward movement of the bars Q³ continuing, the strip of tobacco
is rolled between the upper and lower portions of the sheet forming the bight or
pocket finto a firm round rod.
The strip of tobacco is now being rolled forward in the fold f* toward the strip
of paper held by the arms upon the front portion of the table M³, and the
movement of the machine being continued when the rod of tobacco is adjacent to
the front edge of the said strip of paper, the wheel 17 will ride over a projection
formed on the cam surface N³, and thus lift the carrier 16 and the rollers 23 and 24
sufficiently to allow the edge of the paper to enter the bight f* and be rolled
around the rod of tobacco.
The tobacco having been rolled in the rear portion of the strip of paper, the
cams D³ operate through the levers Es and arms Is to open the fingers A³, when
the strip of paper will be completely rolled around the strip or rod of tobacco
and be retained thereon by its pasted edge, herein before described, lapping on to
the dry portion, forming a long cigarette. Upon the opening of the fingers A³ at
this point, they loosen their hold upon the strip of paper, and are carried upward
again to receive another strip from the bar T by the cam acting on the arms t².
The long cigarette formed as above set forth is rolled off of the front edge of the
table M³ by the forward movement of the bars Q³ into the trough when the
fingers m³ will rotate toward the front, which allows the cigarette to drop centrally
and evenly between the revolving knives o³ which will sever the long cigarette,
into shorter cigarettes of the proper length, which will fall into the trough t³ and
be carried away, being now finished; while the stub ends of the long cigarette,
which will be trimmed off by the end knives, will drop into the chutes us and be
delivered by them to the separator w³, where the tobacco will be shaken from the
papers, as aforesaid, and saved.
Just as the long cigarette is rolled off of the table M³ the cam 31 actuates the
lever 28 to depress the arms 25, 26, and 26¹, and forces the wheel 22 with its
connections downward, as before described, the slot 20 permitting this downward
movement of the wheel 22 and its connections which are the pin 21 and the
toothed bar 171. When the bars 17' are depressed they rotate the pinions 18 and
the bearings 19 toward the front; this causes the roller 24, which had been
uppermost before, to turn under, and the rod 23 with the apron around it to assume
the upper position. The rod 23, in the movement described, re-forms the pocket
or bight in the apron, as indicated in Figure 17, and remains in it until the
bars Q³ are at the rear of the table M³, when the rods and carriers will be forced
upward by the cams NS and F, as before, and another rod of tobacco deposited in
the pocket to be formed into a cigarette. The wheels 17 are rigidly secured to
the carriers 16, and serve to lift them when brought in contact with the cams N³.
The wheels 22 have their bearings in the slots 20, as before described, and when
they strike the cams F they consequently raise and lift the toothed bars 17¹.
When the bars 17' are raised they rotate the pinions toward the rear, which has
the effect of throwing the pocket roller 23 out of the pocket and upward over the
roller 24. With every revolution of the axle E, the mechanism is operated to form
a long cigarette and cut it up into smaller ones of the proper length; the move-
ments of the different elements of the machine are all automatic, it being.only
necessary to apply motive power, feed the tobacco, and provide a roll of paper.
The oscillating movement of the bars Q³, above described, will be imparted to
them by the pitman m², from the wheel T mounted on the shaft E. The upper end
of the pitman m is secured excentrically to the face of the wheel T, and its lowest
end is pivotally attached to the end of the arm n, forming a part of the bars Q
With every revolution of the wheel T, the bars Qs have a forward-and-back ward
movement. The bars Q are keyed on their shaft. Thus, when one is moved the
other is operated correspondingly..
The pressure of the belt o on the tobacco passing below it on the apron (b,-
.

page_text: may be regulated at will by adjusting the bearing of the roller m vertically, by
means of the set screws pt.
If desired, some suitable means for stamping or otherwise applying the name or
trade-mark of the cigarette to the paper at proper intervals as it is fed inward over.
the paper-board from the roll, may be adopted.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim,―
First. In a cigarette-machine, a revolving paper-cutter mounted upon a carriage
in combination with an arm, one end of which is suitably connected with the 1
carriage, and the other end arranged in proper relation to a cam on one of the shafts
of the machine, to be acted upon by it to draw the carriage back and forth,
substantially as above set forth.
Second. The feed-rollers y' having a simultaneous movement, one of them being
provided on its end with the ratchet wheel K², the pawl J, and the pinion A³, in 1
combination with the rack B' formed on the arm C, which arm is actuated by a
cam, and the sweep of which is controlled by the set-screw N³, working in a rigid
bearing M³, substantially as above set forth.
Third. The arm C³ carrying the rack B², in combination with the cam D, the
adjustable stop N° on the frame of the machine, the pinion A², the ratchet wheel K³,
the pawl J, and the rollers y¹, substantially as above described.
Fourth. The combination in a cigarette-machine of the tilting bar T³ and clamps S²,
the former operated by a cam acting through the rod X2, and socket W2, and the
latter by a rack and pinion, substantially as above set forth.
Fifth. The tilting bar Ts having its front edge tipped with a strip of flexible 2
material in combination with a paste-roller, substantially as above described.
Sixth. The tilting-trough i², consisting of the paste-roller m², and a bottom which
is adjustable with relation to the roller by the screws in combination with the
cam n³, and the wheel D', substantially as above set forth.
Seventh. The rocking carriage q³ having a spring-tension toward the front,
mounted upon a shaft and carrying the shafts &³, u², in combination with the
arins having spring-clamps at their lower ends, the arms I³, E³, the cams D³, the
arms, the cam 72, the arms G³, Fs, and the cam e, substantially as above set
forth.
Eighth. The oscillating bars Q³, carrying the spring-bars S³, the studs T³, and the
short rods R³, in combination with the cams P³, the apron V³, the table M³, and a
pocket roller, substantially as above set forth.
Ninth. The table M³, and trough 18, having the rocking fingers m³, in com-
bination with the two series of revolving knives o³, and the trough t³, substantially
as above set forth.
Tenth. In a cigarette-machine, the oscillating arms a³, provided with fingers A³,
adapted to receive and convey a strip of paper from the bar T³, substantially as
above set forth and for the purpose specified.
Eleventh. The knife A¹ secured between the carriers L¹, in combination with
the cams J¹, K¹, the blocks S', the levers W¹, the cams X', the apron a, the block
or platform F', and the tilting bar G¹, substantially as above set forth.
Twelfth. The carriage k¹ mounted upon guide-rods and carrying the axle 1,
having on one end the cutter m', and on the other the pinion n', in combination
with the rack o', and means for operating the said carriage back and forth on the
guide-rods, substantially as above set forth.
Thirteenth. The carriage k', the axle 1, the cutter m², the pinion n', and the
rack o¹, in combination with the chain or belt p', running on wheels q', and with
the arms r¹, 81, and the cam u¹ mounted upon the shaft E, substantially as above
set forth.
Fourteenth. In a cigarette-machine, the combination of the travelling knife m¹,
the tilting bar T2, the clamps S³, and the paste-roller m² with their operating

page_text: Fifteenth. In a cigarette-machine, the arms ³ supplied with the fingers A³, the
rods I, the links Es, and the springs B³, in combination with the cams D³,
substantially as above set forth.
Sixteenth. The table M³, and trough 18, having the fingers m³, in combination
with the trought, the chutes u³, and a shaking-separator w³, as above described.
Seventeenth. The trough a³, consisting of the parts H, I, secured between the
arms L, and provided with the cord or chain J, substantially as above set forth and
for the purpose specified.
Eighteenth. The oscillating bars Q³, supporting the carrier 16, and the toothed
bar 17, in combination with the rollers 23 and 24, the pinions 18, and the
bearings 19, substantially as above set forth.
Nineteenth. In a cigarette-machine, the two series of revolving knives o³, having
their bevelled sharpened peripheries in contact with each other, and one series
being driven by friction from the other, substantially as above, set forth.
Twentieth. In a cigarette-machine, the two series of revolving knives o³, one
series being mounted on a shaft which is journalled in the swinging ears 40,
substantially as above set forth.
Twenty first. The roll of paper mounted in a stand in front of the machine, and
having upon the upper surface of its portion which extends from the stand to the
machine the roller h³, substantially as above set forth.
Twenty second. The mechanism for rolling the cigarette consisting of the flexible
apron, the two rollers, the oscillating bars supporting the carrier, the toothed bar,
and pinion bearing for the said rollers, the said carrier and toothed bar being
supplied with sheaves which travel over cam surfaces on the ends of the table,
substantially as above set forth.
Twenty third. In a cigarette-machine, the flexible apron V³ in combination with
the rollers 23 and 24, the latter being adapted to form a pocket for the tobacco
previous to being rolled, substantially as above set forth.
Twenty fourth. In combination with the bars Q³, carrying the bars 16 and 17',
the wheels 17 and 22, and the rollers 23 and 24, the bars 25, 26, 26¹, and 28, which
are adapted to operate the bar 17', and roller 24 to form the pocket in the apron
for the tobacco, substantially as above set forth.
Twenty fifth. In a cigarette-machine, the table M³, and apron V³, one or both
ends of the latter being secured upon rods which are adjustable and have a
spring tension whereby the apron is always kept taut, substantially as above set
forth.
Twenty sixth. The rollers 23 and 24 mounted in a bearing having a pinion 18, in
combination with the bars Qs, supporting the carrier 16, and the toothed bar 17¹,
the sheaves 17 and 22, and the cams F, N³, substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one