CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS, FOR INTRO- DUCING WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS INTO STEAM BOILERS OR EVAPORATING VESSELS, ALSO FOR OBTAINING MECHANICAL POWER BY THE AID OF STEAM, AND FOR COMMUNICATING MOTION TO VESSELS FLOATING IN WATER
Year: 1836

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
TAYLOR, of Smethwick, in the County of Stafford, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the Twenty-sixth day of April, in the sixth year of His
reign, and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-
six, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, tho
said William Taylor and Henry Davies, of Stoke Prior, in the County of
Worcester, Engineer, His especial license, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that we, the said William Taylor and Henry Davies, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Taylor
and Henry Davies, our executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS, FOR INTRO-
DUCING WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS INTO STEAM BOILERS OR EVAPORATING VESSELS, ALSO
FOR OBTAINING MECHANICAL POWER BY THE AID OF STEAM, AND FOR COMMUNICATING
MOTION TO VESSELS FLOATING IN WATER;" in which said Letters Patent is con-
tained a proviso, obliging us, the said William Taylor and Henry Davies, by an
instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand, and seal
of one of us, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of our said

page_text: Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the
same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said said proviso, I, the
said William Taylor, on behalf of myself and of the said Henry Davies, do
hereby declare that the nature of our said Invention,. and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, are particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following description thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
Our Invention of Certain Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for
introducing Water or other Fluids into Steam Boilers or Evaporating Vessels,
also for Obtaining Mechanical Power by the aid of Steam, and for Com-
municating Motion to Vessels Floating in Water, applies to three different
heads, sections, or parts, viz', firstly, to improved or novel constructions of
apparatus for supplying water or other fluids into steam boilers or evaporating
vessels; secondly, to novel or improved constructions of machinery or appa-
ratus forming rotatory engines by which mechanical power is obtained the
aid of steam; and, thirdly, in novel or improved arrangements or construc-
tions of machinery or apparatus for giving motion to and working certain
descriptions of paddles or propellers, and thereby communicating motion to
vessels floating in water. We shall therefore proceed to describe cach of
these several heads, sections, or parts in the above order, and to state what
particular points of novelty we consider appertain to each.
First, the improved or novel constructions of apparatus for supplying or
feeding water or other fluids to steam boilers or evaporators, we propose
to apply to such boilers or evaporators as are closed or covered over,
after the manner of steam engine boilers; and the object of such appa-
ratus is to secure the more regular and constant supply of fluid to such
boilers or evaporators, so as to ensure a proper, regular, and continuous
supply to the same as the fluid decreases therein by evaporation. In
describing the action of these feeding apparatus we will confine ourselves
to their use for supplying water to steam boilers, as their application with other
fluids, and to other evaporating vessels, will be obvious to any practical
mechanic or engineer. The means we employ are, firstly, a novel or improved
construction of apparatus, consisting of feeding vessels connected with a supply
cock or valve, and moving or librating with the plug or moveable part of such
cock or valve, which vessels, being alternately filled with steam from the boiler

page_text: and with water from a reservoir, cause their contents of water to be passed
into the boiler at the same time that the steam from the boiler takes the place
of this water, and this apparatus may be called self-acting, as not requiring
the assistance of any mechanical power or force, but producing its effect by
the feeding vessels becoming alternately filled with steam and with water,
these alternate fillings being occasioned by the passages of the supply cock
or valve changing their position as its plug or moveable part and the vessels
librate; and, secondly, in an improved construction of supplying or feeding
apparatus, consisting of chambers with a sliding valve worked from the steam
engine or other first mover, and which chambers become alternately filled
with steam and water, and discharge the water therefrom into the boiler.
The first of these apparatus consists of a supply cock or valve, having four
ways or passages passing through its plug or moveable part, which are con-
nected to two feeding vessels, each placed on two pipes or tubes mounted on
the moveable part of the cock or valve, the four ways or passages also com-
municating with other pipes or tubes fixed in or on the stationary case
surrounding or fitting the plug or valve, which latter pipes or tubes lead to
The
and from the steam boiler and the supply cistern or reservoir of water.
arrangement of the passages in the supply cock or valve, and their coincidence
with the passages in the case communicating with the water reservoir and the
steam boiler, is such that when the plug or moveable part of the cock or
valve is in one position a communication is opened from one of the feeding
vessels through one of its pipes, and through one passage in the cock plug or
moveable part to a pipe which leads to the upper part of the boiler wherein
the steam exists, and at the same time another communication is opened
from the same feeding vessel through its other pipe, and another
passage
the cock plug or moveable part to a pipe leading to the lower part of the
boiler. The pressure of steam on the surface of the water in the feeding
vessel and that on the water in the boiler being thus equalized, it is obvious
that if the water in the feeding vessel is at a higher level than that in the
boiler, it will flow into the boiler, and its place be supplied by steam from the
same. At the same time that the communications just described between
one of the feeding vessels and the boiler have taken place, the arrange-
ment of the passages in the cock plug or moveable part of the valve are
such that the other feeding vessel will communicate through one of its
tubes with a passage in the plug or moveable part of the cock, coinciding
with the orifice of a pipe fixed on the casing of the cock or valve, which
pipe communicates with the water reservoir, and this feeding vessel having
been previously filled with steam, which now becoming condensed allows
in
2

page_text: the water from the reservoir to take its place, so as to ill or nearly
the feeding vessel. These vessels are so attached to the cock plug or
movable part of the valve that they form radii or arms projecting from it;
and when the apparatus is in action they oscillate or librate the moveable
part of the cock or valve, forming an axis or centre with which they move,
and they are so placed with regard to each other that when one of them
is discharging its contents of water into the boiler and becoming filled with
steam, the other shall be in such a position that when filled with water
it shall have sufficient excess of weight over the other vessel that its pre-
ponderance shall be able to overcome the friction of the movable part of the
cock or valve, and gravitate itself into a lower position, at the same time
raising the other vessel now filled with steam. This change of position of the
two vessels causes a simultaneous change of the communications through the
passages of the cock or valve, as before referred to.
Having thus described the general principle on which this part of our feeding
apparatus is constructed, we will preceed to give a particular description of such
arrangements of parts as we have found suitable for carrying the same into
effect. Fig. 1, Sheet 1, is a front view of this apparatus; Fig. 2 is a plan or
horizontal view; Fig. 3, Sheet 2, is a vertical section, taken through the
plug and its pipes and water chambers; Fig. 4 is a horizontal section, taken
in the line a, b, in Fig. 3; Fig. 5, Sheet 3, is a vertical section, taken through
the plug, with its case and the pipes or passages leading to and from the boiler
and the water reservoir; Fig. 6 is a representation of the plug removed from
out of the case. A is the plug or moveable part of the cock or valve; B, the
case; C, D, two feeding vessels, placed on the ends of the pipes a, b, a*, l*,
mounted on the plug, and which act by preponderation as the feeding vessels
C, D, are alternately filled with water and emptied on the admission of steam;
E is the pipe by which the water enters the apparatus from the reservoir;
F, its exit pipe to the boiler; G, H, are pipes by which steam is admitted into
the apparatus. The pipe F is open to the boiler below the water line or
proper height of water in it, the pipes G and II opening to the boiler at or
above the water line. The action of the apparatus is as follows:-Suppose
the feeding vessels C, D, to be situated as in Figures 1 and 3, that is, with the
vessel C preponderated or down, steam from the boiler will enter from the
pipe G through the opening or way C into the compartment or chamber d of
the plug, from whence it will pass, by the opening or passage e, up the pipe a,
into the vessel C, and eflect an equilibrium of pressure between it and the
boiler, the water flowing out of this chamber along the pipe & through the
passage or way into the chamber g of the plug, from whence it will pass by

page_text: 1
the opening h through the pipe F to the boiler; at the same time the feeding
vessel D.is in the elevated position, and filling with water, which enters the
chamber i of the plug from the pipe E by the opening or way k, and making
its exit from this chamber by the passage up the pipe a* into the vessel D,
where it condenses the steam previously in it, and fills this vessel, the pipe b*,*
and chamber m of the plug. The water continues flowing into the vessel D
from the pipe a until it contains a sufficient quantity to cause it to prepon-
derate and overcome the friction of the plug or cock; the vessels will then fall
into the position shewn by dots in Figure 3, and change the several ways or
passages, the steam now entering the chamber i of the plug from the pipe H
by the passage l, from whence it passes up the pipe a and forces the water
from the vessel D through the pipe 6* into the chamber m, and thence by the
passage n and pipe F to the boiler, the water entering the vessel C from.. the
pipe E by the ways or passages c, chamber d, opening e, and pipe a, when it
will be filled, and again preponderate and fall into the position shewn in Fig 1,
thus keeping up a continuous action and constant supply of water to the boiler.
There is a set screw o placed opposite the centre of the cock plug, for adjusting
the friction of the plug, and keeping it tight in its case. There are also proper
stops placed in any convenient situation to prevent the feeding vessels falling
over too far or beyond the proper distance for properly changing the situation
of the openings or passages from one set of pipes to the other.
".
In order that this apparatus should supply the quantity of water required for
the steam boiler, we prefer fixing it in such a situation that the lower part of
the feeding vessels C and D, when they are discharging their contents into the
boilers, shall be level with the required water line therein, and in this case we
communicate the pipes G and H with any of the steam pipes leading from the
boiler, and this position of the apparatus we decidedly prefer; but the apparatus
may be arranged to work with its feeding vessels at a higher level than the
water line of the boiler. In this case we communicate the pipes G and H
with the boiler level with its water line, so that when the boiler is sufficiently
filled with water no steam will pass from it to the feeding apparatus, and
consequently no supplying will take place. In case of this apparatus being
used with water containing a greater quantity of uncondensible air or gases
than usual, it may be necessary to provide for the escape thereof from the
feeding vessels, Jest their accumulation should prevent the sufficient filling of
the vessels with water. In such case we make use of small cocks placed at
the upper ends of the vessels, which are opened by tappets when the vessels are
in the position to be filled with water, and are closed by tappets as soon as the
loaded vessel begins to preponderate.

page_text: The second improved apparatus for supplying water or other fluids to steam
boilers or evaporating vessels is shewn in the plan or horizontal sectional view,
Fig. 7, and the vertical section, Fig. 8, Sheet 4, and consists of a chamber A,
in which is situated the sliding valve B, worked by the rod a passed through
a stufling box connected to the engine or other first mover. C and D are two
chambers, which are brought by the action of the sliding valve alternately into
communication with the water pipe E, leading from the reservoir or cistern
placed above; F is the steam pipe leading from the boiler; and G, the water pipe
leading to the boiler. The apparatus must be situated as the former, viz', at the
proper level of the water in the boiler, or the steam pipe F must be taken from
the boiler at the water level, and the apparatus must be of a proper depth or
capacity to allow for the requisite supply of water to the boiler. II is a pipe
extending upwards to the level of the reservoir, which will allow of the escape
of air. Its action is as follows:-Supposing the parts to be situated as shewn
in the Figures, the steam coming from the boiler by the pipe F will occupy the
chambers A and D, pressing the valve in contact with its scat or face. The
chamber C is at this time connected by the valve B to the water pipe E and
is filled with water; on the next movement of the valve the chamber C will be
opened to the chamber A, when the water contained in it will flow therefrom
by the pipe G to the boiler; the other chamber D being then in connexion
with the water E will become filled, condensing the steam in it. The return
motion of the valve will bring the parts again into the position shewn in
Fig. 7 and 8, when the water contained in the chamber D will flow, therefrom
into the boiler, and its place be occupied by steam.
We claim as our Invention under this head or section of our improvements,
first, the novel construction of self-acting apparatus or machinery for supplying
boilers and other such evaporating vessels with water or other fluid, consist-
ing of two vessels, which are so placed on a moveable cock plug or part of a
valve, and also with respect to certain communications to the boiler and the
reservoir of fluid, as to cause an alternate filling of each vessel with steam and
with water, the said construction of machinery or apparatus being so arranged
that the greater weight of the vessel filled with water as compared with the
vessel filled with steam shall exert a sufficient preponderating power to cause
a librating motion of the apparatus, thereby changing the position of the com-
municating passages, so as to cause cach vessel to transfer alternately its
contents of fluid into the boilers or evaporating vessels required to be supplied.
We also claim, secondly, the improved construction of apparatus for supply.
ing boilers with fluids, which is caused to act by a rod and slide valve
moved by extraneous power, and which improved construction is exhibited in

page_text: The Draw
Specification.
детсиньо
The second part or section of our improvements, viz, novel or improved con-
structions of rotatory engines for obtaining mechanical power by the aid of
steam, consist of different novel or improved constructions of such engines; we
shall therefore proceed to describe them separately. The first which we shall
notice is of a peculiarly novel construction, and consists of a revolving steam
chamber, mounted on a suitable shaft or axle, and turning in proper bearings,
the steam chamber answering to the cylinder of a common rotatory engine,
and we shall therefore call this chamber a cylinder in the following description
thereof for the purpose of rendering it more familiar to the reader, altho' it is not
a cylinder, but a part or section of a sphere, and which chamber or cylinder is
continually being divided into compartments containing induction and eduction
steam by a revolving disc or plate and a steam stop, or what may be called in
this case a "piston," it being attached to the cylinder, which, with its piston
and the disc or plate, travel together, revolving in the same direction, the disc
being mounted on the end of another shaft or axle which revolves with it; this
shaft, by being placed at an angle to the centre line of the axle of the cylinder,
causes the disc or plate to divide the chamber or cylinder diametrically at an
angle to its axis into the said compartments for induction and eduction steam,
the middle line of the inner periphery of the cylinder and the middle line of the
periphery of the disc continually crossing each other, and as they revolve in the
same direction and at the same speed produce a passing or travelling motion as
respects each other. This may be illustrated by reference to a terrestrial globe,
the chamber or cylinder representing that portion or section of the carth situated
between the tropics, the sides of which portions or sections are hollow cones,
the apex being at the centre of the earth, the frustrums thereof at the tropics,
the equator line representing the middle line of the cylinder, and the ecliptic or
sun's apparent path the middle line of the disc or plate. These lines continu-
ally intersect each other as they travel across each other, revolving in the same
direction. The inner diameter of the case or chamber and the outer diameter
of the disc being the same, and they fitting into each other, and revolving in
the same direction, but on axles placed at angles to each other, the internal
periphery of the cylinder must always be a portion of a sphere. Fig. 1, Sheet 5,
is an external representation of this engine; Fig. 2, a vertical section, taken
through the chamber or cylinder and the disc or plate; Fig. 3 is a side or
end view, showing the interior of one half of the chamber or cylinder, with the
disc in its place, and also what we call the "piston;" Fig. 4 is a horizontal
section, shewing the interior; Fig. 5 is another similar horizontal section,

page_text: taken after the engine has made a quarter of a revolution from the position in
Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is an edge view of the dise, removed from out of the engine
Fig. 7 is a front or face view of the same; Fig. 8 is a section taken through
one half A of the chamber, the piston being attached to it; Fig. 9 is a repre-
sentation of the interior of the same; and Fig. 10 is a similar view of the
other balf B of the cylinder. The chamber or cylinder consists of two parts, A
and B; the part A is securely mounted on the shaft or axis C, turning in
proper bearings, from which shaft the driving power may be taken in the usual
manner by means of straps, drums, or toothed wheels; the other half of the
cylinder B is firmly secured to A by screw bolts passed through their flanges.
Dis what we call the piston, and extends across the interior of the chamber or
cylinder, it being firmly and tightly secured into the one half A, (see Fig. 8,)
and fitting steam-tight into a recess or groove a, a, formed into the other half B
(see Fig. 10). E is the disc or plate, firmly mounted on its shaft or axle F, one
end of which terminates in the ball or globe G, working in socket pieces H, H,
on the conical sides of the cylinder, and is properly packed at this part to pre-
vent the escape of steam; the other end of the shaft F is mounted in a proper
bearing I, this shaft being placed at an angle to the centre of the shaft C, as
shewn in the Figures. The disc or plate E has a part cut out of it, forming a
slot as at b, b, (see Fig. 7,) for the purpose of allowing the "piston" D to pass
through it, and the steam to enter into and escape from both sides of the disc.
The induction and eduction passages of the steam are situated in the half of the
cylinder marked A, one on each side of the piston D, and opposite the sides of
the slot in the disc. c is the induction passage, and d the eduction, which are
properly connected to their pipes, and to passages or grooves e, f, formed on the
conical side of A. The steam passages are properly connected to the induc-
tion and eduction pipes by a stationary collar g, placed over the conical part h.
The operation or working of the engine is as follows:-Supposing the parts to
be situated as shewn in Figures 2, 3, and 4, the steam has entered the inte-
rior of the cylinder by the passage c, groove e, and through the opening bin
the plate or dis, and filled the chamber or compartment marked K, Fig. 11,
and by exerting its elastic force against the surface of the disc or plate and the
conical sides of the cylinder, and not being able to pass or escape between the
plate E and conical side of B, where these are in contact (at the line L, L,
see Fig. 11), its force is exerted to drive the piston with the cylinder round,
they carrying the disc with them. But this line of contact between the disc
and conical side of B is continually changing its situation as regards them-
selves, although it always keeps the same position as regards the engine; for
the moment the engine has moved from the position shewn in Figures 2, 3,

page_text: and 11, the steam will also enter from the passage C into the compartment of
the cylinder marked M (see Fig. 12), and finds its abutment on the side of the
disc and the conical side of that half of the cylinder marked A, the steam not
being able to pass the line of contact between this side of the disc and the cone
A, say at N, N, (see the other Diagram, Fig. 12,) shewing the parts of the
engine in the position they would be after it has made a quarter of a revolu-
tion from the position in Fig. 11. The lines of contact between the disc and
conical sides of the cylinder are continually changing their position on each
other as the parts travel past each other, for when the line of contact between
the one side of the disc and the cone A is in one situation, say at N, the line
of contact between the other side of the disc and the cone B is at a place
directly opposite to N, say at 0, Fig. 12. This motion or operation of the
engine may be further illustrated as follows:-The sides of the steam chamber
or compartment marked K are formed by the face of the disc E and the
conical face B of the cylinder, the face of the disc coming in perfect contact
with the conical face of the cylinder in one radial line, and the outer edge.or
periphery of the disc being in perfect contact with the internal periphery of
the cylinder. The other part necessary to produce a perfect chamber is formed
by the piston d, which is made tight to the cylinder, and also tight by packing
to the ball G of the disc. The elastic force of the steam exerts its power on
the whole interior surface of this chamber, and has a tendency to enlarge the
capacity thereof by giving motion to any moveable part. The contact between
the disc and the conical side of the cylinder B is preserved by the relative
position of the axis of the disc to that of the cylinder, and the steam is
thereby prevented from causing them to separate, and the edge of the disc
is also continually in contact with the internal periphery of the cylinder, whilst
the pressure applied to the piston meets with no counterbalancing resistance,
inasmuch as the steam is escaping from the other side of the piston, and
therefore the steam impels the piston forward and immediately opens a new
compartment, and flows from the induction passage into the cylinder on the
other side of the disc, or that next the part marked A, this action being neces-
sarily accompanied by the simultaneous rotation of the piston, cylinder, and
disc; for as soon as the piston in its continuous movement has passed from the
position shewn in Figures 2 and 11, (the axis of its rotation and that the
cylinder being excentric with that of the disc,) the particular radial line in
which the cylinder and disc have been in contact becomes changed, and is no
longer coincident with the line in which the piston is placed; and as this
change regularly proceeds during the revolution, the piston in its motion
gradually travelling from the line of contact between the disc and cylinder

page_text: during one half revolution, and again approaching the line during the other
half, and on each occurrance of this coincidence of the line of contact with
the piston, one of the steam chambers or compartments which have been in
connexion with the induction steam is immediately caused to communicate
with the eduction passage. It is in this way that the induction steam chambers
or compartments are continually changing, increasing on one side of the disc,
and diminishing on the other; for as the piston passes from the line of contact
it opens a new steam chamber, which keeps increasing in capacity during the
revolution, it communicating through the slot b in the plate with the other
chamber or compartment.
For the purpose of more readily explaining the action, we have in the
above description noticed the effect produced by the portion of the disc
as regards the formation of steam, compartments, and our expression of
two compartments refers only to the two exhibited in Fig. 12, marked M
and K, and which are separated by the disc, at the same time that they
communicate through the slot in this disc. It will be readily under-
stood by referring to the Figures that the other portion of the disc performs
a similar duty against another part of the cylinder; as the cylinder and
disc revolve together, the latter travels from side to side of the periphery
of the cylinder, the piston D passing through the slot in the plate or disc.
It will now be understood that there is never any cessation of steam passing
into the chamber or cylinder on the one side of the piston, or flowing out
from the other side, for the change of induction steam into eduction takes
place whenever the lines of contact of the disc and cylinder become coincident
with the passages on each side of the piston, and is effected without any change
of valves, steam stops, pistons, or leaves, or any other moveable parts, and the
eduction steam is allowed free escape to the atmosphere or to a condenser.
Having now described the construction and operation of this novel or
improved rotatory engine, we would remark that, by reference to Fig 7, it will
be seen that there is a small portion of the disc or plate left projecting from
the sides of the slot bat its outer part, in order to prevent the sides of the
slot b coming into close contact with the piston, and preventing free passage of
the steam. And further, it will be evident that the only parts of the engine
requiring to be packed are the surfaces of the sockets H, H, in contact with
the ball G, and the periphery of the disc. or plate in contact with the inner
periphery of the cylinder, which may be done by metallic packing formed in
rings or annular segments in any convenient manner.
Having now particularly described and set forth the construction, arrange-
ment, and operation of this novel construction of rotatory engine, we shall

page_text: ԱՆՈՒ WHICH we
Fig. 13 is a plan
In this con-
proceed to set forth some moumeations of the same.
shall describe is shewn in Figures 13 and 14 in Sheet 5.
or outside view of the engine, and Fig. 14 is a vertical section.
struction or arrangement the cylinder does not revolve, but is fixed in a
stationary framework in any convenient manner, and the disc or plate becomes
more like what may be called the piston than in the former, as it moves or
works within the interior of the cylinder or chamber with an undulating
vibratory motion, the part called the "piston" in the former arrangement
answering in this construction to what may be called the steam stop rather
than the piston; and as the disc or plate is obliged by the force of the steam
to perform this undulating vibratory motion or working, its shaft is therefore
obliged to perform a circular or conical motion, that is, the centre line of the
shaft of the disc in its travelling motion performs the figure of a cone, the apex
being the centre of the ball or globe G, and the frustrum the line of motion
of the end of the shaft, and the rotatory or driving power is taken from the
end of this shaft by a crank P, mounted on the main driving shaft Q, turning
in proper bearings, from which main shaft the power is taken by straps and
drums in the usual manner, the end of the shaft of the disc answering to
the winch handle of a common crank. The internal parts of the engine being
precisely the same as in the former construction, and the change of induction
into eduction steam taking place at the same time and situation as in the
former engine, viz, whenever the disc or plate comes in contact with either
conical side of A or B at the point at which the steam stop D is placed. The
operation of this construction of engine will be casily understood by reference
to tho Drawings, and no further description will be necessary; only, we would
remark that in this and all other arrangements or constructions wherein the
cylinder is fixed or stationary, the induction and eduction passages may be
formed in the sides of the cylinder, and the steam conducted to and from them
direct without passing through the sockets H. of the ball G.
The next variation or modification of construction we shall shew is repre-
sented at Fig. 15, Sheet 6, and differs from the former only in the shape or
form of the disc or plate, which in this instance is dished or conical, and there
is also a variation of the form of the cylinder or chamber, it being a different
section or portion of a sphere. This arrangement will allow more room for
the packing of the ball G around the shaft of the disc or plate, and the
arrangement of the parts may be either as the first or second construction of
engine above described, that is, with the cylinder and disc revolving together,
or the power taken from the undulating vibratory motion of the disc by a crank,
as shewn in this Figure.

page_text: Fig. 16, Sheet 6, is also a section, shewing another slight variation of this
novel construction of rotatory engine, in which the disc or plate is also
dished, but placed upon the ball G in a different position to the former; and
there is also a slight variation in the shape or form of the chamber or cylinder,
it being a different part or section of a sphere. The point of contact between
the ball G and the part A in this instance is reduced to nearly a point, and
the ball may consequently be made much smaller in diameter. The operation
of this arrangement or construction will be seen by inspection of the Figures
and foregoing description.
In conclusion, we would here remark that all the above constructions and
arrangements of engines may be placed in any desired position, either hori-
zontal or vertical, or at any given angle required.
We would here observe that it will be evident to all competent persons that
this construction of engine may be driven either way, and the induction and
eduction steam passages may be changed the one for the other, and the engine
driven in the reverse direction when required. This may be done by placing a
common slide valve over the steam passages, or by cocks and levers, and worked
in any convenient manner, by which the engine will be stopped and its motion
altered.
The several other Figures in Sheet 6 are representations of another of our
improved constructions of rotatory engines, in which the steam chamber is a
cylinder which revolves with the pistons in one direction, there being two pistons,
one securely attached to the cylinder, which is mounted on a hollow shaft turn-
ing in proper bearings, the other piston being mounted on a separate shaft
passing through the former. These pistons revolve in the same direction, but
at different speeds to each other, each piston alternately forming the abutment
of the steam for the other, and the either one which is at any one time forming
the abutment moves through only a portion of the entire revolution (say one-
sixth or one-eighth), while the other makes the remaining five-sixths or seven-
eighths of the revolution. The piston forming the abutment moves slowly out
of the way of the other, which having completed its remaining portion of the
revolution, it then becomes an abutment, and the piston previously acting as
an abutment immediately begins to travel with increased speed, at the same
time the other decreases in speed, performing only a small portion of a revolu-
tion, as before stated, the motions of both these pistons being communicated
by cranks and connecting rods to a fly wheel on a driving shaft, whereby a
continuous and regular rotatory motion is kept up.
Fig. 17, Sheet VI., represents a side elevation of this improved engine;
Fig. 18 is a plan view of the same; Fig. 19 is a section taken in the line a, b,

page_text: m rig. 18; and Fig. 20-is a fert-band end view, the situation of the y wheel
9
being shewn by dots; Fig. 21 is a transverse vertical section, taken through
the cylinder and pistons, the positions of the connecting links and fly wheel
being represented by red lines. a, a, is a shaft passing through the cylinder,
rendered steam-tight by suitable stuffing boxes or packing b, b; on to this shaft
is mounted the piston c, which acts alternately as piston and steam stop or
abutment, seen most clearly in Figure 21. d, d, is the hollow shaft or tube
through which the shaft a, a, is passed, the hollow shaft & being securely bolted
to the cylinder 1, which is formed with a projecting steam stop or piston n, n,
fitting steam-tight against the shaft a, a, which also acts alternately as the
second steam abutment or stop and as a piston (see Figure 21), the piston
consequently revolving with the cylinder. p, p, is a hollow shaft bolted to the
other side of the cylinder; this shaft is divided longitudinally into two com-
partments and r, the one for the passage of the induction and the other for
the eduction steam. The end of this shaft is formed as a cone, on which the
collar s is mounted, turning freely but steam-tight; in this collar are formed
two grooves communicating on their outer periphery with the induction and
eduction steam pipes, and on their inner periphery with the two passages or
compartments q and r. These passages q, r, are connected by the pipe t,
(also divided longitudinally into two compartments, both leading to the
chamber or steam box u, u, which is formed in the piston or hollow steam
abutment of the cylinder n. In this chamber is seated the slide valve o,
which changes the induction and eduction passages of the steam into and out
of the cylinder, the slide valves being worked by levers and tappets, or in any
suitable manner. e, e, is a crank on the shaft a, a, of the piston c, and jointed
at its end to the connecting link or rod f, this link being coupled at its other
end to an arin of the fly wheel h. i is another crank on the hollow shaft d
of the piston n, and joined to the link k, which is connected at its other end
to another arm of the fly wheel h, and it is the relative positions of these
cranks with their connecting links towards each other and towards the
centres of the working engine and fly wheel that cause their respective
pistons to move with a varying motion with respect to each other in a revo-
lution, so that the piston c at one time shall move through only one small
fraction or part of the entire revolution, acting as abutment; while the other
piston n performs the remainder of the revolution. The piston c then
coming into a similar relative position of its cranks to that lately occupied
by n, then proceeds to perform the office of piston, while the one c takes
the place of abutment, and moves forward with slow motion. The parts
being situated as shewn in the Drawings, the action of the engine will be as

page_text: follows: Suppose the piston c just to have performed its duty as piston
by travelling through the greater portion of the revolution, it is prepared
to commence its slowest motion as abutment, the engine revolving in the
direction of the arrow, steam being admitted through the passage a, its force
will be exerted against the surfaces of the two pistons c and n, thereby tending
to force them apart, and cause movements in reverse directions; but it will be
seen on inspection of the Drawings (see Figures 20 and 21) that both cranks
e and i are in such a position, that their motions and consequently that of the
pistons in either direction are equally favorable to yield to the action of the
steam, and by the momentum acquired by the engine in the direction of the
arrow, which is assisted by the fly wheel, the piston 22 will be propelled in that
direction, and the crank carried past the dead points or centres, the effective
force of the steam upon the piston c being counteracted by the near position of
the connection of the link on the fly wheel to the centre thereof. It will
be seen by inspection of Figures 20 and 21 that the connections of the links
to the cranks revolve in a circle, in which they constantly vary in speed. In
the position of the Figures, the link k is revolving in that part of the circle the
furthest removed from the centre of the engine, while the one fƒ is in a
contiguous position thereto, in consequence of which the piston n and crank i
will be propelled at a considerably greater speed, thereby performing the
greater portion of the revolution, while the piston c and crank e will move
slowly through the remaining part, and when these evolutions are made the
respective cranks and links will occupy the former positions of each other, that
is to say, the connection of the link K on the fly wheel will be nearest to the
centre of the engine, while the one g will be the furthest removed from it;
the slide valve will then be shifted into its other position, and the motions of
the pistons and cranks proceed as before, thereby keeping up a continuous
rotatory motion of the shaft of the fly wheel h, which is the driving shaft of the
engine. It will easily be perceived that the relative portions of a revolution
to be performed by the separate pistons may be varied at pleasure by removing
the centres of the engine and fly wheel shaft nearer to or further from each
other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the second head or
section of our Invention, consisting in novel or improved constructions of
rotatory steam engines, we wish it to be understood that we do not mean or
intend to claim as our Invention any of the separate parts; but we do claim,
first, the novel or improved constructions of rotatory steam engines firstly
above described, that is, consisting of the steam chamber or cylinder, the figure
of which is a part or section of a sphere with conical ends or sides, as above

page_text: stated, with its piston or steam stop, and also with the disc or plate inter-
secting the chamber or cylinder diametrically at an angle to its axis, the said
disc or plate being mounted on a separate axis placed at an angle to the axis
of the cylinder, the engines performing the motions and working as above
described. And further, we claim the improved construction and arrangement
of rotatory steam engines secondly above described, and shewn in the several
Figures 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, inclusive, in Sheet 6, its steam chamber being a
cylinder.
The Sheet of the Drawings marked 7 contains the various Figures necessary
to illustrate one of the modes in which we propose to communicate motion to
the paddles or propellers. In this Sheet, Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the
working parts or machinery, and represents the paddle in the position it assumes
on making the back stroke when it presents its edge to the water in the
direction of its motion. Fig. 2 is a similar elevation of the machinery when the
paddle is in its position for making a propelling stroke in the direction of its
arrow. Figures 3 and 4 ure plan views of the arrangement of machinery we
adopt to effect a change in the position of the paddle. Figure 5 a plan
view of the gudgeons B, on which the paddle vibrates, and their bearings.
Figure 6 is a sectional view of the paddle shaft, and its surrounding tube or
hollow shaft. C is an impelling rod, moved backward and forward by any
suitable mechanical power. The shaft E of the paddle passes through a tube
F, and has a projecting shoulder pièce II on it; the tube F has a pro-
jecting collar or bearing I, on which the shoulder II rests; thus suspend-
ing the paddle by its shaft through the tube, and thereby allowing it to be
turned so as to present different surfaces of its blade to the water. On
the tube is another collar K, which carries the gudgeon pins B, on which the
paddle vibrates in suitable bearings. A crank Q is placed on the shoulder
piece II, and connected by the rod L with the impelling rod C. This rod L
is attached to C and Q by means of two tumbler or universal joints at M and
N, so as to allow of the motion of the rod being communicated in different
positions of the crank. This impelling rod is connected with the paddle shaft
by means of two pins P fixed on the collar I, and which pins traverse in a
groove D formed in the impelling rod. It will be seen by referring to
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 that the first action of the impelling rod when moving
in the direction of the arrow marked X will commence by giving notion
to the crank Q, and by the time this is driven from the position in Figures 2
and 4, to that in Figures 1 and 3, the pins P will have traversed the slot
D, and the further progress of the impelling rod C will carry forward the
pins P, and with them the tube of the paddle shaft, to which they are attached.

page_text: The crank Q being placed in the paddle shaft, the motion given to this crank
will be communicated to the shaft E, and cause it to perform a quarter revo-
lution on its own axis, this being regulated by the relative lengths of the crank
Q and the slot D; and the crank should be so placed with respect to the paddle
blade, that by the time the crank has taken the position in Figures 1 and 3
the paddle blade will present its edge to the water in the direction of its motion.
By supposing the motion of the impelling rod to be in the direction of the
arrows marked X, X, the first action of this rod will be to draw the crank Q
from its position in Figures 1 and 8 to that shewn in Figures 2 and 4, and
thereby to turn the paddle blade so that it shall present a wide surface to
the water in the direction of the motion which is about to be given to it by
the further progress of the rod C. The slot R in Figures 3 and 4 allows the
paddle to vibrate without interfering with the impelling mechanism.
sents a portion of the vessel to which the machinery is attached.
V repre-
Sheet 8 represents another of our modes of communicating motion to paddles
or propellers; Figure 1 being a plan view; Figure 2, a sectional view; Fig. 3,
an end view; Figure 4, another plan view; the parts being shewn in different
positions. A is a crank, revolving horizontally and driven by suitable
mechanical power. This crank is connected by the rod B with a horizontal
beam or lever D, and gives to it a vibrating motion around its fulcrum at Z.
A pin E on the crank A carries a small crank F, which is connected by the
rod G with a small bell crank II, and gives to it a vibrating motion, its fulcrum
being at the joint pin C of the rod B, which vibrating motion is communicated
from the other end of the bell crank by the rod I to the cranks K and I,
which cranks K and L are mounted securely on the shafts of the paddles
P, P. By examining the relative position of the cranks and paddles, as
exhibited in the Figures 1 and 4, it will be seen that during the performance
of each vibrating stroke by the beam D, the paddles P, P*, are caused to
perform a quarter revolution round their own centres, and thereby to present
a large surface to the water in making an impelling stroke, and a small surface
in making a return stroke, or producing the effect of feathering the paddle. In
addition to the motion given to the paddles by the vibrating beam, we cause
an oscillating motion to be communicated to them by attaching a connecting
rod to the upper part of the paddle shaft, as at Q, and connecting the other
end of this rod by means of an universal or tumbler joint to some fixed
position, as at N. The shafts of these paddles are passed through short tubes
or sockets which carry the bearing pins, by which the paddles are suspended
so as to allow of the paddles being caused to turn by the cranks K and L.
This arrangement is similar to that described in Sheet 7.

page_text: Sheet 9 represents another of our improved modes of communicating
motion to paddles or propellers. In this mode we use two paddles,
working at the stern of the vessel, and which paddles are made to approach
and recede from each other at angles propelling in each direction. The
mechanism by which we effect these motions will be understood by referring
to the Drawings on Sheet 9; in which Fig. 1 is a plan view, Fig. 2 a
view in elevation, and Fig. 8 another view in elevation, shewing part of
the mechanism not represented in Fig. 2. A is a horizontal shaft, driven
by suitable power, revolving in a plummer block I, and giving motion
to a crank B. On the pin C of this crank two rods J, J*, are so attached
as to be capable of moving on the pin as a centre. The other ends of
these rods are attached to two collars F, G, on the tubes or sockets of the
two paddles P, P*, by means of tumbler or universal joints D, G. The
paddles P, P, are suspended in the plummer boxes H, H*, by the pins Q, Q*,
attached to their sockets or tubes, the fulcrum of one being above the
attachment of the rod J, and that of the other below the rod J*. By referring
to the Drawing it will be seen that motion being given to the crank B, each
revolution of this will, by the action of the rods J, J*, on the paddle shafts,
cause the two paddles to approach and recede from each other. The pins
Q, Q, on which tho paddles vibrate, are not attached to the paddle shafts, but
to tubes through which the shaft passes, and thereby admit of the paddle being
turned on its own centre, in the manner herein-after described, and the paddles
are suspended in their right position in these tubes by collars on their shafts.
Fig. 3 shews the mechanism employed to turn the paddles on their own centres
during their progress through the water. On the pin C of the crank B a small
crank K is placed; and on its pin L two rods N, N*, are attached, and the
other ends of these rods are connected by tumbler or universal joints M, M*,
with the shafts of the paddles P, P*, the connection being made with P* above
the tube in which it is suspended, and with P below the tube in which it is
suspended. It will be seen that as the crank B revolves it will communicate
motion to the crank K, and thus causes the rods N, N, to vibrate, and these
rods acting on the paddle shafts by the joints at M, M*, cause them to turn
on their own axes. It will be obvious that the position of the paddle blades
with respect to the line of their motion may be regulated by the angle formed
by the projecting arms or levers of the tumbler or universal joints M, M*, and
the paddle blades, and these joints M, M*, may be placed on the paddle shafts
so as to effect this object, and the extent to which this change of position is
effected will depend on the relative lengths of the crank K and the projecting
Sainte M Me

page_text: Sheet 10 represents another of our modes of working a paddle, Fig. 1
being a side view or elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan view. A is a crank,
revolving horizontally, driven by any suitable power, and communicating a
vibrating motion by means of the rod C to a bell crank B, working on its
fulcrum at L, one end of this bell crank B being attached by a tumbler or
universal joint to the paddle shaft at C. This paddle shaft passes loosely
through a hole in a ball D, which is supported in a cup or socket, so as to
allow of its moving freely. The paddle shaft has a shoulder E, supporting it
on the upper part of the ball D. It will be seen, that on rotary motion being
given to the crank A, it will through the bell crank cause the paddle to vibrate,
and by the co-operation of the brace and socket joint describe certain curved
lines in the water. In addition to the motion thus communicated, we cause a
movement to be given to the paddle round its own centre, which makes it
present a comparatively small surface when its progress through the water is
not calculated to act well in propelling, and to present a larger surface when
the action is likely to be serviceable, thus producing an action similar to
sculling with an oar. 'This is effected by means of the following arrangement
of mechanism: A small crank F is mounted on the pin of a crank-A as
its fulcrum, which crank A, by the rod H, acts on a bell-crank lever G, and
this communicates a vibratory motion by the coupling J to the crank arm or
lever K on the shaft of the paddle. These rods and cranks are of such
relative lengths, and are so placed with respect to the crank A and the
blade of the paddle, that they cause this blade to present a wide surface to
the water as it passes through that part of its motion which is most favorable
to its propelling action, and a narrow surface when its motion is less favourable.
Under this the third head or section of our Invention, we do not claim any
right or privilege with respect to any of the various parts of the machinery or
apparatus we employ for effecting the propelling of vessels floating in water,
as we are aware the whole of these have been before used either for the
same or for other purposes; but we claim as novel, and as our Invention,
the particular combinations and arrangements of this machinery or apparatus
as applied to the said purpose which is set forth and described in this our
Specification, and the various Figures and Drawings annexed, and herein
referred to.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Taylor, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of October, in the year of our
WILLIAM (L.s.) TAYLOR.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-sixth day of October,
in the seventh year of the reign of His Majesty King William the Fourth,
the said William Taylor came before our said Lord the King in His Chancery,
and acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein
contained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument
aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the
fifty-fifth year of the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Twenty-sixth day of October, One thousand eight hundred
and thirty-six.