Improvements in or relating to the Construction of Frames for Cycles and other Vehicles.
Year: 1895

page_text: Improvements in or relating to the Construction of Frames for
Cycles and other Vehicles.
I JAMES RICHARD TRIGWELL of 146 Brixton Hill, in the County of Surrey,
Cycle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:―
This invention bas for its object to construct a metallic frame for a cycle or
other vehicle and consists in connecting together the tubes and lugs comprised in
the frame generally by means of combined screwed and clamped joints or combined
keyed and clamped joints.
In connecting a tube to a lug by a screwed and clamped joint I form the lug of
two different internal diameters the smaller one being at the bottom or inner end,
and the lug being screw threaded at the part of smaller diameter. At the outer
part of the lug there are formed slits so as to provide tongues which are capable of
being pressed tightly upon the tube to be secured in the lug. Upon the outer side
of these tongues I provide lugs or ears. through which pass one or more bolts or
screws serving to force these ears towards each other and consequently tighten the
tongues upon the tube fitted in the lug.
The tube, at the end to be secured in the lug is formed of two different external
diameters and screw-threaded at the smaller part to engage with the threaded
portion of the lug.
Where the tube is fitted into a lug at each end I preferably form the screws at
the respective ends right and left handed.
Inside the tube I provide a bush or liner preferably of aluminium to support the
tube against the pressure of the clamp, this bush having throughout the greater
part of its length a continuous cylindrical wall.
In constructing the keyed and clamped joint before referred to, I form on the
exterior of the tube and the interior of the lug, key-ways or depressions for
receiving a small piece of wire or key the lug being split and otherwise arranged
in substantially the same manner as that previously described so that it may be
tightened upon the tube and the wire or key secured firmly in position a bush
being fitted inside the tube to support the latter against the pressure of the clamp
and key. Where the key-way is formed in the tube by pressure and the metal
consequently bulged or distorted at the interior thereof, I groove the bush to
accommodate the metal thus displaced, the bush fitting tightly against the
depressed portion of the tube. The bush is preferably constructed of cast
aluminium with one or more internal webs to support it against external pressure
particularly at the keyed or grooved part.
I prefer to form the tubes of aluminium and the lugs of steel or iron though I do
not restrict myself to the use of these particular metals. Should there be any
particular joint which could not conveniently be made in the manner set forth
may resort to other means for making it.
Dated this 18th day of December 1895.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to the Construction of Frames for
Cycles and other Vehicles.
I, JAMES RICHARD TRIGWELL, of 146 Brixton Hill, iu the County of Surrey,
Cycle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object to construct a metallic frame for a cycle or
other vehicle and consists in connecting together the tubes and lugs comprised in
the frame generally by means of combined screwed and clamped joints or combined
keyed and clamped joints.
In connecting a tube to a lug by a screwed and clamped joint I form the lug of
two different internal diameters the smaller one being at the bottom or inner end,
and the lug being screw threaded at the part of smaller diameter. At the outer
part of the lug there are formed slits so as to provide tougues which are capable of
being pressed tightly upon the tube to be secured in the lug. Upon the outer side
of these tongues I provide lugs or ears through which pass one or more bolts or
screws serving to force these ears towards each other and consequently tighten the
tongues upon the tube fitted in the lug.
Tbe tube at the end to be secured in the lug is formed of two different external
diameters and screw-threaded at the smaller part to engage with the threaded
portion of the lug.
Where the tube is fitted into a lug at each end I preferably form the screws at
the respective ends right and left handed.
Inside the tube I provide a bush or liner preferably of aluminium to support the
tube against the pressure of the clamp, this bush having throughout the greater
part of its length a continuous cylindrical wall.
In constructing the keyed and clamped joint before referred to, I form on the
exterior of the tube and the interior of the lug, key-ways or depressions for
receiving a small piece of wire or key the lug being split and otherwise arranged
in substantially the same manner as that previously described so that it may be
tightened upon the tube and the wire or key secured firmly in position a bush
being fitted inside the tube to support the latter against the pressure of the clamp
and key. Where the key-way is formed in the tube by pressure and the metal
consequently bulged or distorted at the interior thereof,
groove the bush to
accommodate the metal thus displaced, the bush fitting tightly against the
depressed portion of the tube. The bush is preferably constructed of cast
aluminium with one or more internal webs to support it against external pressure
particularly at the keyed or grooved part.
I prefer to form the tubes of aluminium and the lugs of
I do not restrict myself to the use of these particular metals.
particular joint which could not conveniently be made in
may resort to other means for making it.
In the accompanying drawings-
steel or iron though
Should there be any
the manner set forth
Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section of a screwed and clamped joint.
Figure 2 is a perspective view partly broken away of a form of clamped and
keyed joint.
Figure 3 is a perspective view partly broken away of a modification.

page_text: Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the application of my invention to a
front fork crown.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
The lug A has a screw thread cut on the interior of its inner end, while the
outer end A' is made internally of slightly larger diameter and smooth, a longi-
tudinal slit being cut in the end portion to allow of the latter being tightened
upon the end of the tube fitted therein, by means of screws, bolts or rivets B
passing through lugs or ears A*, formed on opposite sides of the slit, the end C¹ of
the tube C is made of smaller diameter than the rest of the tube, and has screw
threads cut upon its exterior to engage with the screw threads on the interior of
the lug A; the larger main part of the tube fits into the larger portion A' of the
lug and is there clamped as above described.
In the method of joining the tube and lug illustrated in Figure 2, the lug A is
made of the same diameter, and its inner surface smooth throughout; the longi-
tudinal slit extending almost, or quite its entire length, the end of the tube C is
also made smooth, and of a size to fit within the lug A, a longitudinal key-way
being however cut or stamped in the former in which lies a key D; after the end
of the tube C has been inserted into the lug A, so that the key-way coincides with
the longitudinal slit in the lug, the key D is placed in position and the bolts B
tightened up, by which arrangement the tube C is not only effectually held from
drawing out, but is prevented from turning.
In the modification illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 the lug A with the longi-
tudinal slit and ears A' is constructed similarly to that shown in Figure 2, with
this difference that the holes through which the bolts B pass through the lugs A³
are bored slightly nearer the centre of the lug A, so that the bolts B, when iu
position may lie in corresponding transverse depressions C³ on the exterior of the
end of the tube C, as shown in Figure 4.
A supporting bush E is preferably inserted into the end of the tube C for the
purpose of strengthening this tube when the lug A is tightened upon it. This
bush E may or may not be strengthened by one or more internal webs E¹, and in
the arrangement shown in Figure 2 has a longitudinal groove cut on its exterior,
in which the bulged portion of the metal caused by the formation of the key-way
in the end of the tube C may rest; or in the arrangement shown in Figure 1 this
bush may be shaped to fit the varying diameter of the tube C.
When the several parts of a cycle or other vehicle frame are united by a
screwed and clamped joint such as shown in Figure 1, I prefer to make the screw
thread cut on one end of the tube C right-handed, while that on the other end
I make left-handed, by which means the slewing of the several parts is
prevented.
Adapting my invention to the construction of front fork crowns a collar or
crown piece F (Figure 5) is constructed of a continuous piece of metal, and bored
with holes for the screws or bolts B; the ends of the fork side tubes G are
inserted in the lateral portions of the crown-piece F, key-ways being formed in
them and keys inserted in a manner similar to that illustrated in Figure 2 or
transverse depressions are formed in the ends of the tubes G for the bolts B to lie
in in a manner similar to that illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. The end of the
steering-post H is inserted in the central portion of the crown-piece F one or more
key-ways and keys or transverse depressions for the bolts being formed as desired,
or screw threads may be cut on the interior of the central portion of the crown-
piece and the exterior of the end of the steering post, the one being screwed into
the other a key inserted and the bolts tightened. A bush E is placed in the end
of each of the tubes G and also in the steering-post H, these bushes being grooved
as shown in Figure 2 if keys are employed.
In a modification the central part of the crown-piece F may be made a complete
ring with screw-threads cut on its interior, the outer portions being slit on the
outside and provided with lugs or ears and bolts by means of which the fork

page_text: side tubes may be clamped in a similar manner to that illustrated in
Figures 1 to 4.
If the fork side tubes are constructed with elliptical cross section it may be found
unnecessary to form key-ways, or depressions in their ends, the tubes being
securely held from turning by simply tightening the bolts.
In the appended claims the term "screwed joint" is to be taken as referring to
the form of joint above described in which screw-threads are cut upon the tubes
and lugs themselves, and not as referring to the tightening of the clamp by screws
or bolts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
-claim is ;-
.1. In a cycle or similar frame uniting a tube and lug by a permanent clamped
joint both lug and tube forming part of the frame itself.
2. In a cycle or similar frame uniting a tube and lug by a screwed and clamped
joint both lug and tube forming part of the frame itself.
3. In a cycle or similar frame uniting a tube and lug by a keyed and clamped
joint both lug and tube forming part of the frame itself.
4. In a cycle or similar frame the combination with a tube such as C the end of
which is of smaller diameter than the main portion and exteriorally screw-
threaded, of a lug such as A the inner end of which is of smaller diameter than
the outer end and interiorally screw-threaded, the outer end being longitudinally
slit and provided with ears substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 1 of
the accompanying drawings.
5. In a cycle or similar frame the combination with a tube such as C having a
longitudinal key-way formed exteriorally at the end, of a grooved bush fitting in
the end of the tube a key and a lug such as A longitudinally slit and provided
with ears substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 2 of the accompanying
drawings.
6. In a cycle or similar frame the combination with a tube such as C having
one or more transverse depressions C³ formed exteriorally at the end, of a bush
fitting in the end of the tube and a lug such as A longitudinally slit and provided
with ears substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 of the
accompanying drawings.
7. In a cycle or similar frame the combination with a clamped joint of a
supporting bush in the tube substantially as described.
8. In a cycle or similar frame the combination with a clamped and screwed
or with a clamped and keyed joint, of a bush in the tube substantially as
described.
9. In a cycle frame uniting the forks to the steering post by a clamped and
keyed joint.
10. In a cycle frame the combination with the steering-post and fork side
tubes, of a crownpiece such as F embracing the ends of the steering-post and fork
side tubes and keys and bushes substantially as described and illustrated in
Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 18th day of September 1896.