IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EMBOSSING OR FINISHING WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Godfrey Thomas Hope Pattison, of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, Finisher, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EMBOSSING OR FINISHING
WOVEN FABRICS."
Sealed the 3rd March 1863, and dated the 16th October 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Godfrey Thomas Hope
Pattison at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 16th October 1862.
I, GODFREY THOMAS HOPE PATTISON, of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EMBOSSING
OR FINISHING WOVEN FABRICS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention has for object to produce a superior "finish" upon woven
fabrics, such finish being somewhat similar to what has hitherto been produced
by passing a printed cotton between a heated metal embossing roller and one
or more paper counter pressure bowls or rollers, all revolving at a uniform or
nearly uniform surface velocity, and the metal roller being engraved or indented
with what is termed a "slash" pattern, consisting of diagonal lines or grooves.
The engraved metal embossing roller as hitherto used has consisted of an iron
mandril made hollow to receive a hot iron by which the roller is heated, such
mandril having fixed upon it a copper, brass, or composition shell, upon the

page_text: outer surface of which the diagonal lines, grooves, or slashes have been
engraved or indented.
Now this Invention consists, according to one modification, in making the
said hollow embossing roller of one thickness of metal instead of the hollow
mandril with its outer shell, and it is preferred to make such hollow roller of
cast iron or cast or wrought malleable iron, or steel, the diagonal lines or grooves
being engraved or indented upon the outer surface thereof.
According to another modification the hollow embossing roller is made to
consist of an outer shell of iron or steel fixed upon a hollow mandril of the
same or of a different metal.
With embossing rollers of the improved kinds, described a more lustrous
and perfect finish is imparted to the fabric, particularly if an iron or steel
surface is used, than has hitherto been obtained by similar apparatus, and this
without the frictional rubbing action required in some modes of finishing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Godfrey Thomas Hope Pattison in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 15th April 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GODFREY
THOMAS HOPE PATTISON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Finisher, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Godfrey Thomas Hope Pattison, Her special licence that, I, the
said Godfrey Thomas Hope Pattison, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Godfrey Thomas Hope Pattison,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR EMBOSSING OR FINISHING WOVEN FABRICS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Godfrey Thomas Hope
Pattison, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and

page_text: ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Godfrey Thomas Hope Pattison,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement in writing, that is to say :-
My said Invention has for object to produce upon woven fabrics a "finish"
which is similar but superior to that known in Glasgow as the "silk finish,"
but which may be more distinctively termed the "diagonal silk finish," and
which has been applied to various fabrics, and more particularly printed cotton
handkerchiefs, by passing the fabric between a heated metal embossing roller
and one or more counter pressure bowls having paper surfaces, all revolving
at a uniform or nearly uniform surface velocity, the metal roller being
engraved or indented with what is termed a "slash" pattern, consisting of
diagonal lines or grooves, the embossing action of which imparts a silky finish
with a twilled appearance. The engraved or indented metal embossing roller
as hitherto used for the "diagonal silk finish" has generally consisted of an
iron mandril made hollow to receive a hot iron by which the roller is heated,
such mandril having fixed upon it a copper, brass, or composition metal shell,
upon the outer surface of which the diagonal lines, grooves, or slashes
have been engraved or indented.
Now my said Invention consists, according to one modification in making
the said hollow embossing roller of one thickness of metal instead of combining
a hollow mandril with an outer shell of copper, brass, or composition metal
as hitherto practised for the "diagonal silk finish" to which my Invention
relates, and I prefer to have such hollow roller made of cast iron, or of cast or
wrought malleable iron, or of steel, the diagonal lines, grooves, or slashes
being engraved or indented upon the outer surface thereof.
According to another modification the hollow embossing roller is made to
consist of an outer shell of cast iron, or of cast or wrought malleable iron, or
of steel instead of the copper, brass, or composition metal hitherto used for the
"diagonal silk finish," and this outer shell is fixed in the usual way upon a
hollow mandril.
The rollers made as described have engraved or indented upon their
surfaces the usual "slash" pattern consisting of diagonal lines disposed
at an inclination to the length of the roller of about 45 degrees of the circle,
and in number ranging from fifteen to eighty lines per inch as measured across

page_text: the lines, the number being varied according to. the fineness of the fabrics, as
is well understood by finishers of printed handkerchiefs. In using my
improved roller the fabric is passed through the machine in the ordinary way
and with embossing rollers of the improved kinds described, a more perfect
twill and silky finish with a much higher lustre is imparted to the fabric,
particularly if an iron or steel surface is used, than has been obtained by the
apparatus hitherto used for the same purpose, and this without the frictional
rubbing action used in some modes of finishing, but inapplicable to the
diagonal silk finish." When the roller is of cast iron its cost is comparatively
small, and considerable economy also arises from the great durability of the
engraving on an iron or steel surface as compared with that of copper, brass,
or composition metal, whilst the finish produced does not perceptibly
deteriorate during the treatment of a comparatively very large quantity of
goods.
Having thus particularly described my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is or may be performed, I have to state that I do not claim
to have invented the engraving or indenting of the surface of a metal finishing
roller with close diagonal lines and the using thereof to obtain a "diagonal
silk finish" upon woven fabrics, but what I believe to be novel and original,
and do claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is, the obtaining of an improved "diagonal silk
finish"
upon woven fabrics by using an embossing roller of a single
thickness, or with a shell or surface of iron or steel, substantially as herein-before
.described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Godfrey Thomas Hope Pattison,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of April,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
three.
Witness,
GODFREY T. H. PATTISON. -(L.S.)
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
28, St. Enoch Square,
Glasgow.