Improvements in Glazing Bars or Astragals for, and in the Means or Method of, Securing Corrugated or other Sheets of Glass in Greenhouses, Railway Stations, and other. Structures where Adaptable.
Year: 1888

page_text: Improvements in Glazing Bars or Astragals for, and in the Means
or Method of, Securing Corrugated or other Sheets of Glass in
Greenhouses, Railway Stations, and other. Structures where
Adaptable.
I, ALEXANDER DRUMMOND of 35 Montrose Street Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, Glass Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this. invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to an improved astragal or glazing bar and in the method
or means of glazing greenhouses, railway stations, and other glass roofed structures
and it is especially designed for use with the, corrugated, prismatic, ribbed or grooved
sheets of glass for which Letters Patent, No. 10574 dated 18th August 1886 were
granted to me although it may be used with the ordinary flat glass sheets.
Under this invention the glazing bar or. astragal is or may be made of one
continuous strip of sheet metal, having its longitudinal edges bent over so as to form
a groove, between the meeting edges, extending the whole length of the astragal.
The bent over parts serve as a seat for the glass sheets and at the same time form a..
gutter for allowing moisture to run off. Into this hollow astragal, when securing the
glass sheets, the cap which is preferably made in two sheet metal strips, is slid or
run. The metal strips constituting the cap are so made that when placed together
they form a "tee" shape in cross section, the projecting part or rib of the "tee"
passing up through the groove in the astragal, between the meeting edges of the glass
sheets, and being so bent over as to hold or grip the said glass sheets on their
outer surface. The head of the "tee" is firmly held in the hollow astragal. Instead
of making the cap itself serve as the "tee piece, a separate "tee" piece made of
steel or other metal may be used. In this case the head of the tee piece slides into
the hollow astragal whilst the rib or projecting part, which may have its extreme edge
rolled out to a bulb formation serves to hold or support the cap. The cap may
be
held to the "tee" piece by being gripped round the bulb or by screwing, rivetting
or otherwise. The ordinary "tee" shaped astragal may be used in some cases, the
cap being bent over so as to secure the corrugated glass sheets in position. The.
cap is preferably secured to the central rib of the "tee" astragal by rivetting.

page_text: In all cases where rivetting is required instead of using ordinary rivets I prefer
to use rivets made of lead, such rivets not being liable to rust whilst at the same
time they can be easily cut or broken when it is desired to remove the glass.
To prevent the sheets of glass slipping I provide a novel stop piece which is or
may be secured to the purline bars by screwing or otherwise. This stop piece consists
preferably of a rectangular shaped piece of metal, having screw or nail holes at one
end and being made with a flanged part at the other, in this flanged part a bayonet
or dovetail groove is or may be formed. When the sheets of glass are fixed in the
astragals a piece covering and gripping the outside of the cap, is bayonet jointed or
dovetailed into said flanged part of the stop piece for the purpose of holding the whole
securely together and to prevent slipping. Instead of dovetailing the said covering
piece I may clip bolt or otherwise secure it to the main part of the stop piece.
Dated this 20th day of April 1888.

page_text: Improvements in Glazing Bars or Astragals for, and in the Means
or Method of, Securing Corrugated or other Sheets of Glass in
Greenhouses, Railway Stations, and other Structures where
Adaptable.
1, ALEXANDER DRUMMOND of 35 Montrose Street,. Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, Glass Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved astragal or glazing bar and in the method or
means of glazing greenhouses, railway stations and other glass roofed structures and
it is especially designed for use with the corrugated prismatic, ribbed or grooved
sheets of glass for which Letters Patent No. 10574 of 1886 were granted to me
although it may be used with the ordinary flat glass sheets.
Under this invention the glazing bar or astragal is or may be made of one continuous.
strip of sheet metal having its longitudinal edges bent over so as to form a groove,
between the meeting edges, extending the whole length of the astragal. The bent
over parts serve as a seat for the glass sheets and at the same time form a gutter for
allowing moisture to run off. Into this hollow astragal, when securing the glass
sheets, the cap which is preferably made in two sheet metal strips is slid or run. The
metal strips constituting the cap are or may be so made that when placed together
they form a "tee" shape in cross-section, the projecting part or rib of the "tee"
passing up through the groove in the astragal, between the meeting edges of the glass
sheets and being so bent over as to hold or grip the said glass sheets on their outer
surface. The head of the "tee" is firmly held in the hollow astragal. Instead of
making the cap itself serve as the "tee" piece, a separate "tee" piece made of steel
or other metal may be used. In this case the head of the tee piece slides into the
hollow astragal whilst the rib or projecting part, which may have its extreme edge
rolled out to a built formation, serves to hold or support the cap. The cap may
held to the tee" piece by being gripped round the bulb or by screwing, rivetting or
otherwise. The ordinary "tee" shaped astragal may be used in some cases, the cap
being bent over so as to secure the corrugated glass sheets in position. The cap is
preferably secured to the central rib of the "tee" astragal by rivetting.
be
In all cases where rivetting is required instead of using ordinary rivets I prefer to
use rivets made of lead such rivets not being liable to rust whilst at the same time
they can be easily cut or broken when it is desired to remove the glass.
To prevent the sheets of glass slipping I provide a novel stop piece which is or may
be secured to the purline bars by screwing or otherwise. This stop piece consists
preferably of a rectangular shaped piece of metal, having screw or nail holes at one
end and being made with a flanged or raised part at the other, in this flanged part a
bayonet or dovetail groove is or may be formed. When the sheets of glass are fixed

page_text: in the astragals a piece covering and gripping the outside of the glass is bayonet
jointed or dovetailed into said flanged part of the stop piece for the purpose of holding
the whole securely together and to prevent slipping. Instead of dovetailing the said
covering piece I may clip bolt or otherwise secure it to the main part of the stop
piece.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, whereon
Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 show various methods of glazing corrugated, prismatic, or
other sheets of glass in accordance with my invention.
Fig. 7, shows the, ordinary astragai and cap, the latter being secured by lead
rivets.
Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11, shew forms of iny improved stop piece or clip.
Fig. 12, shows a method of glazing structures with prismatic or other corrugated
glass and showing the stop pieces or clips fitted to the purline bars.
Referring to these several figures whereon the same reference letters indicate similar
or like parts wherever repeated.
In fig. 1, a, represents the glass sheets which are shown of the prismatic formi
covered under my prior patent No. 10574 of 1886. In this view the astragal b,
which is made of one continuous strip of sheet metal, has its longitudinal edges bent
over so as to form a groove c between them. The bent parts serve as a rest for the
glass sheets as shown and the hollow astragal serves as a gutter to carry off any
moisture which may collect on the glass. Into the groove the cap d which is
preferably made in two sheet metal strips, as shown, is slid or run.
The metal strips
constituting the cap d, when placed together form a "tee" shape in cross-section, as
shown, the projecting part or rib of the "tee" passing up through the groove cin
the astragal between the meeting edges of the glass sheets, a; and is so bent
over at top as to grip and hold the said glass sheets a in position. The head e of the
"tee" shaped cap is firmly held in position in the astragal b.
Fig. 2, represents a slightly modified form of astragal b, and cap c. In this view
the astragal is so made as whilst supporting the glass it forms moisture gutters f
for carrying off moisture which may accumulate on the glass. The 'double strip'
cap d is slid into position in the astragal b and it may if desired be curved as shown.
In this view the glass sheets a are flat.
In fig 3, the astragal b, is made so as to serve as an auxiliary part of the main
astragal which latter is of the construction patented by me the 25th day of January
1884 No. 2110. The astragal serves under this arrangement to carry off moisture
by the gutters f. The astra gal is slid into position on the main glazing.bar and is
prevented from coming off by the rivets g.
Fig. 4, represents the astragal b as slid on to a main steel or other "tee" shaped
astragal h. Under this arrangement the astragal b, is bent so as to form gutters f
for collecting moisture. Slid or bent over the steel or other astragal is a steel
or other metal rest i for the glass sheets and over this, the cap d is secured by lead
rivets g.
Fig. 5, represents prismatic glass as made in accordance with my patent No. 10574
of 1886 secured in position to the ordinary anchor shaped steel astragal by lead
"rivets g.
Fig. 6, shows the two parts of the cap d, slid into position, under the
ordinary cap, and between the glass sheets a, and the anchor shaped steel astragal.
The cap d under this arrangement serves merely to carry off moisture by the
gutters f.
Fig. 7, shows the ordinary method of metal-glazing as applied to my prismatic glass,
the cap being secured by lead rivets.
Figs. 8, 9, 10, and 11 represent my improved stop piece. This stop piece consists
preferably of a rectangular shaped piece of metal having screw or nail holes kat
one end for securing it to the purline bars and made with a flanged or raised
part at the other end, in this part 1, a dovetail groove is or may be formed
as shown, at figs. 9 and 10. This groove m is preferably slightly tapered towards

page_text: one end so as to make a tight joint. When fixing the glass sheets in position a
piece n, having a projection formed on it corresponding to the groove m, and
covering and gripping the glass sheets a, is dovetailed or bayonet jointed into position
in said piece, and thus, secures the whole firmly together and prevents the glass
slipping. In fig. 8, the piece n is shown secured to the raised part 1, by means of a
bolt and screw nut o, or the part n may be secured by any other equivalent device to
the part of the stop piece.
Fig. 12, shows a method of glazing wherein my improved stop pieces are used.
In this view the glass sheets a are fitted into grooves p, cut in the purline bars,
every alternate glass sheet being made to overlap the other, the glass sheets being
held and secured in position by my improved stop pieces. With this method of
glazing no astragals are used.
Although I have shown several modified constructions of my improved astragal
or glazing bar I do not confine myself thereto as the shapes may be manifestly
slightly varied from those shown without departing from my invention.
My invention is especially valuable in the glazing of greenhouses, railway
stations and other large structures as the glass sheets, with my hollow astragals
and divided cap, can be secured in position very rapidly and when once in
position can be firmly and tightly held by my simple contrivance of stop piece.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An astragal or glazing bar, such as 6 fig. 1, made of a strip or sheet of
metal having its longitudinal edges bent over so that the edges nearly meet and
forin a groove, substantially as and for the purposes herein before set forth.
2. The several modified forms of hollow astragals or glazing bars b, constructed
substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in figs. 2, 3 and 4 of the drawings
annexed.
3. In glazing structures the application and use of a cap formed of two inde-
pendent strips or sheets of metal both portions of said cap being slid into, and
held in position by, a hollow glazing bar or astragal, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
4. The application and use, in glazing structures, of a stop piece made substan-
tially as hereinbefore described and shown under the several modifications at
figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the drawings annexed.
5. In glazing structures the application and use of lead rivets for the several
advantages herein before specified.
6. The improved method of glazing structures wherein the glass is first supported
on a hollow astragal, a 'double strip' cap being then slipped into said astragal
and so bent over as to firmly secure the glass, which is prevented from
slipping by a stop piece secured to the purline bars, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
Dated this 10th day of Jan. 1880