Improvements in Gas, Oil, and like Engines for Autocars, also applicable for other suitable purposes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Sept., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 17th July, 1897-Accepted, 28th Aug., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas, Oil, and like Engines for Autocars, also
applicable for other suitable purposes.
I, JOSEPH WILKINSON of The Oaks Hall Green in the County of Worcester
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention refers to improvements in connection with Engines that are
actuated by the explosion of Gas, Petroleum, Benzoline, or any other inflamable
substance that can be fired and exploded in an Engine cylinder-and applies equally
for auto-cars and other purposes.
The principle parts to which my improvements relate are the cylinders and to
what is known as the explosion chamber or receiver.
The cylinders I propose to make with a double casing or jacket, between this
and the cylinder is an annular space, in this space is fitted a ring piston which is
attached to rods or other suitable connections to the cylinder piston or its rod
or crosshead and is by it moved in the space between the cylinder and casing
or jacket.
One of the objects of this annular piston is to cool the cylinder which becomes
heated by the force of the explosion, by drawing in cold air and by its return stroke
compressing it into the receiver or explosion chamber, the heat it has absorbed
being of use in order to expand the air in the cylinder. By this action of the
annular piston in drawing in and compressing the air (which may also contain any
explosive mixture) the ordinary piston is relieved of this work and can be made to
explode the gas at each revolution if required.
The heat absorbed from the cylinder by the air or air and gas mixture may be still
further heated and expanded by making the receiver or explosion chamber with
two or more compartments and by suitable mechanism explode the combustible
air in these chambers in succession thus giving the air more time to absorb heat
from the heated receiver. I obtain great advantages by the use of the outer casing
of the cylinder with its ring piston actuated by the inner piston or its rod or
crosshead for the purpose of passing cold air or air and explosive mixture over
the cylinder and compressing it into the receiver.
By utilizing the heat of the cylinder I wholly or partially save the use of water
for cooling the cylinders and the explosion can take place at every revolution of
the crank instead of alternate explosions as is usual with gas engines, also the
construction of the explosion or compression chamber with compartments from
which successive explosions can take place will be of advantage, as will be seen.
Dated this 16th day of September 1896.
EDWD. J. PAYNE & SON,
Warwick Chambers, 104 Colmore Row, Birmingham,
Patent Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Gas, Oil, and like Engines for Autocars, also
applicable for other suitable purposes.
I, JOSEPH WILKINSON of The Oaks Hall Green in the County of Worcester
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
Reference being had to the Drawings accompanying this Specification and to the
Figures and Letters shewn thereon. My present Invention is in connection with
engines that are actuated by the explosion of gas, petroleum, benzoline, spirit, or any
gas or explosive substance or product of an explosive nature that can be fired for
explosion in engines for use with auto-cars also applicable for other suitablo purposes.
Fig. 1. represents a longitudinal section shewing my improvements.
Fig. 2. represents a transverse section on the line A. B.
Fig. 3. represents a side elevation.
The principal parts to which my improvements relate are the cylinders of gas oil
and like engines and what is known as the compression explosion chambers or
and
or
receivers. Referring to the Drawings the Cylinder A according to my improvements
is made with a casing or jacket B having between same and the cylinder A an
annular space C around the walls or casing of the said cylinder A, within this
annular space C a piston in the form of a ring is fitted known as a "ring piston" D
this ring piston is attached by means of suitable plates of metal E which rise above
or project beyond the walls of the cylinder A. and are attached to the piston F and
its rod which operate same, said plates E are continued down the outer or annular
space C and made fast to the ring piston D. Or the outer or ring piston D may be
worked by means of connecting rods attached to the cross head D of the working
cylinder piston rod D³. One of the objects of this outer casing or jacket B with its
ring piston D is to do away with or lessen the use of water for cooling the working
cylinder A which becomes heated by the explosion of the gases in the said cylinder
and to enable the engine to mako an explosion at evory revolution of the crank G
with each cylinder as the annular piston D will draw in cold air at each up-stroke
of the crank and compress it into the chambers H. H' provided for the purpose at
the end of the cylinder A by this method of drawing in cold air or air mixed with
gas petroleum or other explosive mixture the air passing over the heated cylinder A.
absorbs a portion of the heat (the absorbed heat being of use in order to expand
the air in the cylinder) and by the return motion of the piston D the hot air is
compressed into the compression chambers H whence it passes into the Explosion
Chambers or Receiver H2 and explodes.
By this action of the annular piston in drawing in and compressing the air which
may also contain any explosive mixture, the ordinary piston is relieved of this work
and can be made to explode the gas at each revolution if required as previously
stated. In the construction of my improvements by preference the compression
chambers are made in two or more compartments H. H and by the use of suitablo
valves I. 1' and mechanism the compressed air mixed with suitablo quantities of gas
oil or explosive substance is drawn into the explosion chamber H2 alternately from
the compartments H. H or passes from one compartment to another and is drawn
off so that the air and gas will have moro timo to thoroughly mix than if drawn
from one chamber or compartment only.
The ongine may also be used when required with alternate or "Otto" explosions
by letting the air drawn in by the ring piston pass out without compression.

page_text: I do not limit myself to the more precise details of constructive arrangement
herein set forth as I may modify the same without departing from the principle
of my invention but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the object and nature of my
said Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is :-
Firstly. In combination with gas, oil and like engines for auto cars and other
suitable purposes, the use of an outer casing or jacket for the working cylinder.
A ring piston operating in the annular space between said jacket and the cylinder
said ring piston being actuated by the inner piston and rod for the purpose of
drawing in cold air and with or without being mixed with gas or any explosive
substance and passing the same over the working cylinder for the purpose of cooling
said cylinder substantially in manner as described.
Secondly. In gas oil and like engines the method of warming and compressing
air or air mixed with gas or other explosive product into the compression chambers
from whence it passes by means of the valves into the explosion chamber
substantially as described.
Thirdly. The particular construction of the compression chambers formed in
compartments and thus enabling successions of explosions to take place substantially
as described.
Fourthly. In combination with engines actuated by the explosion of gas,
petroleum, benzoline, spirit or other product of an explosive nature the method of
compressing the air from an outer or ring piston by means of an inner piston so as
to produce an explosion at each revolution of the crank in connection with each
cylinder substantially as described.
Dated this 16th - T 1007
EDWD. J. PAYNE & SON,
Warwick Chambers, 104 Colmore Row, Birmingham,
Patent Agents for the Applicant.