IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE TRACTION OF PUBLIC AND OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and Foreign
Patent Offices, 24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France,
and 38, Porchester Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
FACILITATING THE TRACTION OF PUBLIC AND OTHER VEHICLES."-A com-
munication from Joseph François d'Artenn, residing at Batignolles, near
Paris, aforesaid.
Sealed the 18th October 1865, and dated the 15th June 1865.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville
the
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 15th June 1865, pursuant to the 9th Section of t
Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852...
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 24, Rue du
Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 38, Porchester Terrace,
Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting...
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE TRACTION OF PUBLIC AND OTHER VEHICLES,"
communicated to me by Joseph Francois d'Arténn, a person residing at
Batignolles, near Paris, aforesaid, and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant.
unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters

page_text: Patent for the same, and have made solemn Declaration that it is a
<communication.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification under my hand and seal fully
describes and ascertains the nature of the Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in an improved, apparatus applied to vehicles,
whereby the effort required for starting is diminished and rendered less violent,
and the force necessary for drawing said vehicles is diminished by the application
of the following principles:
Firstly, that when a body is attracted by a separate or exterior power, it
offers a resistance proportionate, to its inert bulk or mass, and only cedes to
the action of said power, when the inertia is overcome.
Secondly, that an elastic body or spring whose form may be changed by
pressure without depreciating its elastic property, tends, when pressed between
two powers of unequal force, to regain its original form by removing that
which presents the least resistance.
"Thirdly, that the use of a lever in any situation greatly increases the power
applied to its longer arm.
-
The accompanying Drawing represents an application of the improved
apparatus to an omnibus, the form of said application varying according to
circumstances.
'
c, c, and a, a, represent, the longer and shorter arms of two articulated
levers, whose fulcrums are at the points b, 6; these levers are connected by
their longer arms with the rods d, d, by means of the joints e, e, and by their
shorter arms they are fixed to the pole ƒ by means of bolts or other suitable
fastening; between the arms c, c, and a, a, are placed the springs g, g, held
by any suitable means in the pieces h, h, which connect the arms a, a, with
those c, c; the opposite ends of these springs are formed with slots in which
slide the pins i, i, or are connected by bolts or other means to the collars j, j,
which in that case slide on the arms c, c. The pole is mounted in
the usual way on the framework of the wheels, and the plate mat.
the centre of the arms a, a, is bolted to the said pole. The trace bars n, n,.
are connected with the rods d, d; o is a cross bar bolted to the stock of the
polef, and bored with openings corresponding to the rods d, d. Said rods
are passed through these holes, and the trace bars are stopped by the cross.
bar when the springs g, g bring them back towards the carriage. The ap
paratus may be placed above or below the front part of the framework of the
vehicle and be held in any suitable way allowing the action of the different

page_text: parts. The form of the levers a, a, and c, c, may be varied, but their action
is always the same and reposes on the same principle. When the trace bars
are drawn by horses or other means, the rods d, d, are brought forward and
by means of their joints e, e, the longer arms are brought to bear on the
springs 9, 9, the latter then push forward the vehicle by their action on the
arms a, a, and plate m. The increase of power obtained by this means would
be equal to the length of the longer arm divided by that of the shorter arm
fixed to the resisting obstacle. Besides this advantage of facilitating the
traction of the vehicle, the shocks necessary for starting are prevented by the
springs or elastic bearing of the levers. In one-horse vehicles fitted with this
apparatus, the trace bar should be fixed at both ends to the rods d, d; when
a splinter bar is used, the longer arms of the levers may be made proportionally
still longer so as to increase greatly the drawing power, but in that case the
splinter bar should be rigid at the centre.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention communicated to
me, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I would bave it
understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details above given;
but what I claim is, lessening the shocks caused by the efforts of horses and
other animals in overcoming the inertia of vehicles, and facilitating the traction
of the same, by means of the apparatus composed of combined levers and
springs, represented in the accompanying Drawings and above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
H. BONNEVILLE. (L.S.)