CER- TAIN PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRINTING AND PREPARING FOR MANU- FACTURE YARNS OF LINEN, COTTON, SILK, WOOLLEN, OR ANY OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL
Year: 1827

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BENNET
WOODCROFT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth, did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing. date at Westminster, the Thirty-first day of
March, in the eighth year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said
Bennet Woodcroft, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, His especial licence, full
power, and sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Bennet Woodcroft,
my exors, adiiors, and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the term of
fourteen years therein mentioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CER-
TAIN PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRINTING AND PREPARING FOR MANU-
FACTURE YARNS OF LINEN, COTTON, SILK, WOOLLEN, OR ANY OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIAL;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso," that if I,
the said Bennet Woodcroft, should not particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and caused the same to
be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months then next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent,
then that the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages thereby
granted, should utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the
same, relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Bennet Woodcroft, do hereby declare that the nature of my Invention and
apparatus, for which I have obtained the said Letters Patent, and the manner
in which my improved process is to be conducted and carried into effect, are
described and clearly shewn by the Drawings hereto annexed, and the following
description (that is to say):-
;-
Sheet 1 of the annexed Drawings. Fig. I represents the plan of a machine
for winding from bobbings round a beam the yarn preparatory to its being
submitted to the process of printing and preparing for manufacture, as herein-
after described; Fig. 2 is a front elevation; and Fig. 3, an end view of the
same machine as seen from its side, in which the pink line shews the course
or direction of the yarns from the bobbins to the beam A; these yarns may
be also seen at the dotted lines marked a, Fig. 1. This machine is of the
construction now in general use, and is described solely for the purpose of
shewing the state in which I place the yarns prior to the process of printing
and preparing as aforesaid. In Fig. 2, on this Sheet, the beam A is driven
from the surface of the cylinder B, which has motion imparted to it from the
strap C by means of the handle D, after one or any required number of
beams, one only being the number represented at A in this Sheet, is or are
filled with yarn, it or they is or are removed to the printing machine, as
shown in Sheet 2.
Sheet 2. The drawing on this Sheet represents a side elevation of a
machine for printing and preparing yarns, in which A, A, A, A, shew the
beams of yarn when filled by the former machine first herein-before described,
and after their removal from that machine and about to be printed. Q is a
reed placed parallel to the beams, through which reed the threads of yarn are
passed for the purpose of distributing them equally, and keeping them at
equal distances from each other before they pass over the engraved roller.
E is the cylinder under which the yarn is passed for the purpose of receiving
either a mordant color or resist from the engraved roller beneath it, and the
lines a, a, a, a, shew the course of the yarn from the respective beams
A, A, A, A. So soon as the yarn has received either the mordant color or resist,
passes over the guiding rollers F, F, F, F, F, and in its course is dried by the
action of the steam pipes G, G, G, G, G, G, G, G, G, G, G, G, G, G, G, G, G,
and the steam cases 9, 9, 9, 9, 9: I, I, I, I, I, I, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9. In this state it
proceeds as far as the two small rollers seen at H, H, which divide or separate
the yarn again into separate threads, they having become a continuous sheet
or mass from the joint action of the glutinous property of the mordant color or
resist, with which it has been impressed, and the drying action of the steam
it

page_text: pipes and cases over which it has passed. At the point shewn at H, H, the
sheet or mass thus adhering together is equally separated and passed above
and below the rollers H, H, and through the reeds I, I, I, I; in this state it
is wound round the beam K, having been previously, finally, and effectually
dried in its passage from the rollers H, H, up to the beam K. This drying
is also effected by steam cases shewn at g', g', in Fig. 1, Sheet 4. The
beam K, in Sheet 2, is driven by a strap from the blanket roller X, and its
speed is calculated to correspond with that of the cylinder E, from which the
printed yarn is delivered, so that the yarn in its passage over the guiding
rollers F, F, F, F, F, and through the dividing rollers H, H, and onward to
the beam K, is kept in a state of moderate tension; this speed is regulated by
the diameter of the pulley which drives the cylinder L, on which the surface
of the beam K is supported. The beam K being driven from its surface by
the friction arising from its contact with L, which friction may be increased by
the action at the lever and weight k will always take up an uniform and
regular quantity of yarn without being affected by the increase of its diameter
during the process of filling. In this Sheet e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, é, e, e,
represent the course of the blanket or flannel which passes under the cylinder E,
as in an ordinary printing machine. M is the wheel connected with the shaft,
strap, or other impelling power, which imparts motion to the cylinder E and
the engraved roller beneath it, in the ordinary manner; 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, I, I, I, I,
9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, g, are steam boxes for the purpose of drying the yarn after it
has received either the mordant color or resist.
Sheet 3. The Drawing in this Sheet represents a front elevation of the
same machine for printing or preparing yarns, in which the sheet or mass
of printed yarn a, a, a, a, is represented coming from the cylinder E and
passing over the guiding rollers F, F, F, F, F, until it arrives at the dividing
rollers H, H, where it is separated and passed in threads through the reeds
I, I, I, I, and finally wound round or taken up on to the beam K, as herein-
before described.
Sheet 4 of the annexed Drawings.-Fig. 1 represent a plan of the upper
portion of the same machine as exhibited in Sheets 2 and 3, where the
printed threads of yarn, after having been separated by the rollers H, H,
are passed forward over the steam cases g, g, and through the reeds I, I, I, I,
to the beam K. Fig. 2'is a front elevation of the beam K, and its driving
cylinder L, shewing the proportion of the pulley 1. Fig. 3 is a plan of the
lower portion of the machine described in Sheets 2 and 3, shewing the passage
of the printed sheet or mass of yarn from the cylinder E, as far as the third
guide roller F, where it is partially dried by the action of the steam pipes
G. G, G, G, G, G, G, G, G, and the cases 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, I, I, I, Y.

page_text: From an examination of the foregoing Sheets 1, 2, 3, and 4, it will be
seen that whatever number of threads or separate ends of yarn may be placed
on the beam A, A, A, A, or whatever number of beams may be used, the
whole of the threads on them will be transferred to the beam K.
Sheet 5 of the annexed Drawings.-Fig. 1 represents a plan; Fig. 2, a front
elevation; and Fig. 3, an end elevation of a machine for dividing the threads
of yarn contained on the beam when printed, and after the removal of the
beam K from the printed machine, into six separate portions. The beam K
being supported in a position to revolve freely on its axis, the threads arc
divided into six portions and passed in the direction of the dotted lines
a, a, a, a, a, a, through the reeds I, I, I, I, I, I', and attached to the
respective smaller beams N, N, N, N, N, N; these beams revolve freely on
the rod or axis n, n, seen in Figures 1 and 2, and have motion imparted to
them by the respective cylinders 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, which are driven by the
pulley P and strap p; thus, the contents or number of threads contained on
the beam K, Sheet 2, are divided into equal portions on the respective small
beams N, N, N, N, N, N; from these smaller beams the threads of yarn
are transferred to the reel.
Sheet 6 of the annexed Drawings.-Fig. 1 is a plan; Fig. 2, an elevation;
Fig. 3, an end view of an apparatus by which I reel the printed threads of
yarn from the smaller beam N into hanks. Fig. 3, R, R, represents a support
on which the beam N is placed, and allowed to revolve slowly as the yarn is
taken up by the reel S, which takes a single thread through each loops
marked S, in the ordinary manner; is a weight suspended in the axis of the
beam N, for the purpose of causing friction, and thereby keeping every end in
a state of moderate tension in its passage from the beam N to the reel S, where
it is formed into hanks. The method of distributing the threads from the
beam to the rcel will be more clearly seen in Fig. 1, Sheet 6, where the
various threads are shewn at the dotted lines a², a², a².
The scale to which the several inachines, elevations, and views are drawn on
the annexed Sheets is marked on each Sheet, and I have used throughout
the same characters or letters of reference to denote the same parts in all the
different Figures.
Having thus described my apparatus, and the mode I have generally
practised in the process of printing and preparing for manufacture yarns of
linen, cotton, silk, woollen, or any other fibrous material, I declare that the
same process may be effected by means of a surface roller, flat plate, or block,
according to the style of work required to be performed.
And I claim as of my sole Invention the process of printing yarns off one or
more beam or beams, or off one or more bobbin or bobbins, at the same time,

page_text: by means of a printing machine and the apparatus I have hercin described,
whether used with or without any additions, alterations, or modifications,
calculated to effect the printing of yarns.
And I also claim as of my Invention the apparatus shewn in Sheet 5 of the
annexed Drawings, herein-before described, for the purpose of separating and
dividing the yarns when printed.
And I further claim as of my Invention the process of drying, separating,
and disposing the same yarns, when printed, into hanks, either by the meaus.
aforesaid, or any modification of that part of my said Invention. But I do not
claim any separate parts of any of the machines or implements which I have
mentioned, I having referred to them merely to shew my Invention as used
and applied in conjunction with the machinery now in common use.
And lastly, I declare that the proportions and other particulars relating to
the apparatus described admit of various modifications, all capable of pro-
ducing the same effect which may be varied according to the objects and
purposes intended to be answered and obtained, and the nature of the yarns
intended to be prepared for manufacture, all which variations or modifications
may be attained with facility by any person of competent skill and fit to be
entrusted with the direction and construction of apparatus of this or a like
description.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-