Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 20th Apr., 1897-Accepted, 29th May, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres.
I, ALEXANDER BLACK of 62 Bothwell Circus in the City of Glasgow, Tyre
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
This invention has for its object to provide simple and inexpensive means
whereby pneumatic tyres when punctured may be readily repaired without
necessarily removing them from the wheel rims to which they are attached, and in
the case of built-up single tubes without undoing or opening up the fabric of which
the air tube is in part composed.
To that end I form the inner surface of the outer tube or cover of rubber from
which sulphur and similar foreign substances have been removed in a well-known
way, or from rubber which has been vulcanized or cured without addition of
sulphur, so as to render the surface particularly adapted for adhesion of like
rubber patches on the application to it of rubber solution; and I provide an inner
rubber tube whose outer surface is similarly prepared. Thus in the case of tyres
having detachable covers the inside of the cover and the outside surface of the air
tube are thus treated or formed; and in the case of built-up single tubes, the
inside layer of the tube is so treated and an additional inflatable air tube of rubber
is fitted within the built-up tube.
Upon the occurrence of a puncture, rubber solution or similar cementing
material is injected by means of a nozzle into the space between the cover and air
tube or between the built-up tube and the inner rubber tube. After allowing time
for partial drying the parts are pressed together and thereafter the inner air tube is
inflated whereby the parts are firmly cemented together to close the puncture. The
inner rubber tube need not be provided with a valve and inflated upon the occurrence
of a puncture; but it may simply be lifted as a patch piece and cemented to the
outer tube by the injected rubber solution, the main tube, being inflated after
allowing time for the proper closing of the puncture.
Instead of fitting an entire inflatable rubber tube within the built-up outer tube
of the tyre a strip of rubber prepared as described may be secured within the
built-up tube in the form of a diaphragm dividing the tube into two parts each of
which may be independently inflated; and on puncture and deflation of the
exposed part rubber solution is injected through it to attach the diaphragm to the
outer shell and thus patch up or cover the punctured part, the inside part of
the tube being then inflated.
As a further alternative applicable mainly to built up single tubes a series of
overlapping strips, flaps or scales of purified rubber may be secured in the form of
a band within the tube, and one such strip at a time lifted as a patch piece by
injecting rubber solution to close the puncture.
* 1941 1
1000
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Chartered Patent Agent,
62 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: TIVATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres.
I, ALEXANDER BLACK, of 62 Bothwell Circus, in the City of Glasgow, Tyre
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention has for its object to provide simple and inexpensive means
whereby pneumatic tyres when punctured may be readily repaired without
necessarily removing them from the wheel rims to which they are attached, and in
the case of built-up single tubes without undoing or opening up the-fabric of which
the air tube is in part composed.
To that end 1 form the inner surface of the outer tube or cover of rubber from
which sulphur and similar foreign substances have been removed in a well-known
way, or from rubber which has been vulcanized or cured without addition of
sulphur, so as to render the surface particularly adapted for adhesion of like
rubber patches on the application to it of rubber solution; and I provide an inner
rubber tube whose outer surface is similarly prepared. Thus in the case of tyres
having detachable covers the inside of the cover and the outside surface of the air
tube are so treated or formed; and in the case of built-up single tubes, the inside
layer of the tube is so treated and an additional inflatable air tube of rubber is
fitted within the built-up tube.
In the accompanying drawings illustrative of the invention Figure 1 is a
transverse section of the improved pneumatic tyre attached to the wheel rim B the
air tube being inflated, Figure 2 is a similar view but showing the air tube deflated
as the result of a puncture, Figure 3 shows the method adopted of repairing the
tyre, and Figure 4 is a view corresponding to that shown by Fig. 1 and showing
the puncture closed and the tyre inflated ready for use. Figure 5 is a cross section
of a tyre of the type in which the outer cover is detachable from the wheel rim.
In the invention thus represented the outer cover A which may be secured on the
rim in any well-known way, or the built-up single tube A' is coated on its inner
surface with a layer a of uncured or patching rubber, instead of having an inner
surface of canvas as usual. The air tube C is also formed of rubber purified from
sulphur or like matter.
Upon the occurrence of a puncture as at d in the detachable cover or outer
single tube and at d in the air tube C and consequent deflation of the latter,
rubber solution is injected by any suitable means through the punctured orifice d
in the outer cover A or built-up tube A', and the parts of the tyre are pressed
together as indicated at Figure 3 whereby the prepared rubber surfaces in
proximity to the puncture are caused to adhere by nieans of the solution. The air
tube is thereafter inflated in the ordinary 'way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
A pneumatic tyre composed of an outer covering or built-up single tube and an
inner air tube the contiguous surfaces of which are coated or made up of uncured

page_text: or purified rubber as described for the purpose of ensuring adhesion upon the
insertion of solution between the surfaces and inflation of the air tube.
Dated this 17th day of April 1897.
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Of the Firm of Cruikshank & Fairweather,
Chartered Patent Agents,
St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant.