IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Morison, senior, and James
Morison, junior, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 30th April 1859.
We, JAMES MORISON, senior, and JAMES MORISON, junior, of Paisley, in the
County of Renfrew, North Britain, Machine Makers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS AND IN APPARATUS
CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates, firstly, to certain improvements in jacquard apparatus
of the kind used for acting upon leaves of heddles in the production of
ornamental fabrics; secondly, to certain improvements in details connected
with shifting shuttle boxes; and thirdly, to an improvement in shuttles.
An improvement in jacquard apparatus consists in arranging the horizontal
needles to act each upon one or more pairs of vertical hooks, one of each pair
of vertical hooks having its point turned in one direction, and the other having
its point turned in the other direction. The brander is so contrived that it
lifts either one or other individual of each pair of hooks, being made with
double catching edges, or if a lifting board is used the holes are made each
with two slits in opposite directions, a pair of tails passing through each hole
in such a manner that when one tail is in its slit the other is in the central
enlarged part of the hole. The horizontal needles are fitted with springs
tending to keep them all to one side, and the jacquard cards push those
selected over to the other side. A portion of the vertical hooks or-tails are
connected directly to the heddle leaves in order to lift them, another portion

page_text: being connected to them through reversing levers in order to draw them down.
The jacquard apparatus may be placed above the centre of the warps or to one
side, as is sometimes preferred, and in the latter case the action is transmitted
by means of segmental pulleys to which the tails or cords are attached, and
which act like bell crank levers.
In carrying out the improvements conected with shifting shuttle boxes,
jacquard apparatus is employed for obtaining the shifts or changes of shuttle
as and when required by the pattern. The horizontal needles of the jacquard
apparatus act upon a series of pins jointed upon the end of a lever contrived
to shift the jointed end of a second lever by which the shuttle boxes are raised
or lowered. The shifting of the jointed end of this last lever brings it under
one or other of a series of cams fixed upon the crank or first motion shaft of
the loom, and the cam in revolving effects the requisite shift of the shuttle
box. The pins acted upon by the jacquard needles are of different lengths,
and when required one or other of them is brought into or left in a position
to be acted upon by the descending or ascending brander or lift board, and the
lever to which the pins are jointed is accordingly shifted thereby to a greater
or less extent; provision may be made for acting upon shuttle boxes on both
sides of the loom.
The improvement in shuttles consists in making them so as each to receive
two pirns, the skewers for these pointing from opposite ends towards the
middle, at which part the eye is placed. The inner end of the thread of one
pirn is attached to the outer end of the thread of the other pirn, and when
one pirn is exhausted the other continues to supply weft. The object of this
contrivance is to enable the shuttle to contain a larger supply of weft, and so
reduce the time spent in refilling it. A light spring may be arranged to hold
the portion of thread between the two pirns, clear of the pirn being used.