IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF LUBRICATING THE JOURNALS OF THE AXLES OF LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, OF CARRIAGES, AND MACHINERY
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Kellingley, of No. 13, Mason Street, New
Cross, Surrey, Carriage Builder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MODE OF LUBRICATING THE JOURNALS OF THE AXLES OF LOCOMOTIVE
ENGINES, OF CARRIAGES, AND MACHINERY."
Sealed the 4th November 1859, and dated the 6th May 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Kellingley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th May 1859.
I, WILLIAM KELLINGLEY, of No. 13, Mason Street, New Cross, Surrey,
Carriage Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF LUBRICATING THE JOURNALS OF THE AXLES OF
LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, OF CARRIAGES, AND MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of an improved mode of lubricating the bearings of
railway axles or shafts of machinery where oil or other fluid matter is used for
lubrication.
For this purpose I use what I call a lubricating shield, fixed by preference
on the axle at the inner end of the journal. This shield is so formed that while
it prevents the escape of the lubricating matter at the axle, it throws up such
lubricating matter into a receptacle, from which it is conducted to any part of
the bearing intended to receive the lubricating matter. The lubricating shield
is formed of brass or any other suitable metal or material, such as gutta percha,
hard india-rubber, known as vulcanite, or any such material that will stand
the action of the oil.
The lubricating shield consists of a thin circular flat plate, having a boss on
one side grooved round to catch any oil that may happen to get over the shield
plate. On the other or inner side projecting arms are formed, so as to bring

page_text: the oil up to the top into the receptacle mentioned above. Some of the arms
are connected at the periphery of the shield plate by a continuation of the
arms, so as to form close recesses, so that the oil in these shall not be discharged
into the receptacle, but will run down on to the top of the axle.
I place the lubricating shield on the inner end of the journal, but it may be
applied at the middle of the journal, as in Briggs' patent, but if placed at
the centre, it would not act as a shield, but merely as a lubricator, and the arms
might then be on both sides of the plate.
Proper chambers are of course provided in the usual manner in the axle
box below the axle to receive and retain the oil or other lubricant, and into
which the lower part of the circular shield dips, so that in revolving the oil
shall be brought up to the receptacle before mentioned.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Kellingley in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 5th November 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
KELLINGLEY, of No. 13, Mason Street, New Cross, Surrey, Carriage Builder,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Kellingley, Her special licence that I, the said William
Kellingley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said William Kellingley, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF LUBRICATING THE JOURNALS OF THE
AXLES OF LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, OF CARRIAGES, AND MACHINERY," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said William Kellingley, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent

page_text: Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Kellingley, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
My Invention consists of an improved mode of lubricating the bearings of
railway axles or shafts of machinery where oil or other fluid matter is used for
lubrication.
For this purpose I use what I call a lubricating shield, fixed by preference
on the axle at the inner end of the journal. This shield is so formed that,
while it prevents the escape of the lubricating matter at the axle, it throws up
such lubricating matter into a receptacle, from which it is conducted to any
part of the bearing intended to receive the lubricating matter. The lubri-
cating shield is formed of brass or any other suitable metal or material, such
as gutta percha, hard india-rubber, known as vulcanite, or any such material
that will stand the action of the oil.
The lubricating shield consists of a thin circular flat plate, having a boss on
one side grooved round to catch any oil that may happen to get over the
shield plate. On the other or inner side projecting arms are formed, so as to
bring the oil up to the top into the receptacle mentioned above. Some of the
arms are connected at the periphery of the shield plate by a continuation of
the arms, so as to form close recesses, so that the oil in these shall not be
discharged into the receptacle, but will run down on to the top of the axle.
I place the lubricating shield on the inner end of the journal, but it may be
applied at the middle of the journal, as in Briggs' patent, but if placed at the
centre it would not act as a shield, but merely as a lubricator, and the arms
might then be on both sides of the plate.
Proper chambers are, of course, provided in the usual manner in the axle
box below the axle to receive and retain the oil or other lubricant, and into
which the lower part of the circular shield dips, so that in revolving the oil
shall be brought up to the receptacle before mentioned.
In the Drawing I have shown a form of railway axle box, with my improve-
ments. In the Figures similar letters denote similar parts.
A, Figs. 1, 2, 4, is the axle; B, Figs. 1, 4, 5, 6, brass or bearing with
channels c, forming receptacles to receive the oil from the lubricator, and from
which the oil flows down on to the axle by the channels d, see Figs. 1, 4, 5, 6.
a, Figs. 1, 4, 7, 8, is the lubricating shield fixed on the axle as shown, just to
clear the inside of bearing B; it is composed of a thin circular disc of metal

page_text: or other suitable material with projecting arms joined in pairs at the periphery
of the disc, thus forming a series of open and close spaces, in which the oil is
raised by the rotatory motion of the axle and shield, the object of the close
spaces being to cause a flow of oil on to the top of the axle at the inside end,
while the open spaces throw the oil up into the receptacle c, Figs. 1, 8. A
boss is formed on the disc at g, in which a groove is made to receive any little
oil that may escape over the edges of the shield. A recess is formed in the
axle box to receive the end shield b, used for the purpose of keeping out grit
and dirt; h, Figs. 1, 2, 3, is the arrangement for feeding the lubricating
material; is a screw which being taken out allows of the dirt and oil being
removed when desired. I sometimes form the bottom of the box with all the
surfaces inclining to the hole i, so that all grit will gravitate to that point, and
none will be thrown up by the shield.
By the above description it will be seen that when the lubricating shield is
placed as I prefer it at the inside end of the journal next the wheel, it acts,
firstly, as a lubricator, and raises the oil by one set of closed spaces to the axle,
and by the other set of open spaces to the receptacle c for oil; and, secondly,
as a shield to prevent the oil from being thrown outwards on to the axle
and wheel.
Having described my Invention, and the mode by which it is to be carried
into practice, I desire to state that I do not claim the use of lubricating
discs generally, as such have been before used, nor do I claim the several
parts separately of which the axle box itself is composed; but what I do
claim is,―
First, the use of lubricating shields such as I have described herein, when
placed at the end of the journal next the wheel.
Second, the combination of parts forming the lubricating axle_box, as herein
described.
Third, the mode of forming the receptacle in the bearing to receive the oil,
and conduct it over the axle.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Kellingley, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
WILLIAM KELLINGLEY. (L.S.)
Witness,
ALFRED PYALL.