Improved Band Saw Machine.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 13th May, 1890-Accepted, 30th Aug., 1890
COMPLE SPECIFICATION
Improved Band Saw Machine.
I, JOHANN HEINRICH LANDIS, of Oerlikon, near Zurich, Switzerland Saw Mill Owner,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
refer
The improvements effected in this band saw machine, which cuts horizontally,
to the safer adjustment of the rollers over which the band passes, the continuous
streaming of oil in the bearings of the shaft carrying the said rollers, the feeding of
the band or blade which is rendered capable of turning upon its axis, the advantageous
arrangement for moving the saw truck or carriage, and lastly the particular disposition
of a pillar frame and of the saw truck or carriage.
In Figure 1 Sheet 1, is shown a front view of the horizontally cutting sawing
machine, embodying the above mentioned improvements. Figure 2 Sheet 2 shows a
plan of the double armed cross beam A with the device for the adjustment of the
band rollers.
Motion is imparted by the hand wheel a to the shaft a¹ and to the driving screw ko
and causing the worm wheel Figures 3 and 4 as well as the two larger
screws to rotate. The screws 6 gear with corresponding rack rods 63 which
are fixed to the arms B B° sliding in the box like guides 62 and carrying in
common the shaft of the band rollers. According to the direction of rotation
of the hand wheel a the sliding pieces B Bo move forward or backward, whereby
the saw band receives the tension required between the two band rollers B', one
of which is not adjustable. The whole tension mechanism is arranged upon an exten-
sion of the guiding box 2 and is tightly closed by the lid or cover. The screw k¹
for driving the rear sliding piece B is connected movably with the hand wheel
shaft a¹ in such a manner as to be pressed according to requirements upon the corre-
sponding conical bosses formed on the shaft a² (Fig. 4) by means of the nut a³, from
which conical bosses the said screw k¹ can be released by the nut a'.
The firm con-
nection of the two screws k° k' with the hand wheel shaft a¹ causes a simultaneous
lateral motion of the two sliding pieces B B°. When the screw is disconnected
from the shaft a¹ the front sliding piece B is the only one to move forward or backward
which causes the shaft of the band rollers to rotate upon the pin E3 of the rear bearing,
that is to say, upon the fixed point . The shaft C carries a screw thread e ascending on
the left hand side, the nut for which is placed in the prolonged nave D. There is
moreover provided a counter nut D' which prevents the roller B₁ from shifting upon
the shaft Ċ when the said roller has once assumed its proper position. As the band
roller B' moves in the direction of the arrow, the tension due to the screw thread c
cannot be loosened. The band roller B' differs from other known band rollers by the
lightness of its construction which does not impair its strength or solidity. At each
end of the spoke d (Fig. 2) is arranged a screw thread, the inclination or pitch of the
screw thread at the outer end being contrary to that of the inner end of the spoke.
The spokes are alternately displaced from the centre to the right or to the left and are
screwed inwardly in the strengthening rings d of the nave D. The outer ends of
the spoke are screwed in the cylindrical projection d² of the fork d³3 which is riveted
with the inwardly projecting stem of the crown of the roller which has a T shape.
The nuts d d serve further to secure the spokes in their screwed up position. The
band roller (the position of which is not adjustable and which is not shown on the
drawing) carries the driving wheel upon a prolongation of the nave.
Figures 6 to 9 Sheet 2 show details of the improved bearing supplied with a constant
stream of oil with means for filtering the latter through sheets of felt, such as I use
for the shaft C of the band rollers. Figure 8 shows the cylindrical surface developed
in a plane. The rotation of the shaft causes the oil to be exhausted and to pass after

page_text: leaving its impurities in the feit sheets E, through the oil grooves e, the said oil
leaving the boxes or casings E of the bearings in order to return in the reservoir e³
from which it circulates afresh. The oil is cooled in the reservoir e³ (Figures 5 to 7)
after having left the boxes E', so that the shaft comes constantly in contact with
cooled oil which prevents the same from rotating in a heated state. Figure 9 is a
front and side view of a felt plate E composed of two portions joined together by
means of pins or stitches, which plate is pressed against the shaft by a spiral
spring f. Figure 7 is a plan of the seating surface f¹ of the boxes or casings of the
bearings (which are omitted in this figure) resting upon the body or block f' furnished
with a cover or lid f³ screwed thereto, and so arranged that no dust can enter through
any parts of the same. The two outer hollow spaces / receive on both sides of the
bearing boxes the ends of the said shaft. Figure 6 is a longitudinal section and
Figure 5 a cross section of the bearings in connection with the head E2 of the sliding
arm B or B (Figure 2). In order that the shaft C may be able to rotate as above
stated upon the fixed point a Figure 2, the body 2 of the bearing is provided above
and below with a pin or pivot E3 E3 which is held by a facet g of the head E². A
space g formed between the body 2 and the wall of the head E2 allows for a
certain amount of play when the bearing frotates for the small lateral projections
thereof. g is a pressure regulating screw for the front bearing box. The oil drops
through the perforation in the rotating pivot Es, runs upon the outer walls of the
bearing boxes E¹, fills the oil funnel e of the reservoir e³ and passes through the felt
sheets E. The impurities collecting in the funnel e° are removed by withdrawing the
locking up screw.
Figures 1 and 11 Sheet 4, show a side and a rear view partly in section of the
guiding parts of the band feeding device. Upon the lower side of a cross beam i
arranged a prismatic guide F in the hollow part 2 of which are inserted angle irons g
which carry at regular intervals the pins or rods g³. In these pins or rods, gears
a pinion driven by a band wheel 9, whereby the band feeding device is moved
along the guide F.
The guiding head F¹ has on its lower side a prismatic or swallow tail shaped path h¹
Figs. 12 & 13 the curvature of which is formed according to a circle drawn from h°.
At the place where the screw h² passes through F', the path is broken. The head /³
of the screw 2 having the same sectional shape as the path enters this gap. A
groove corresponding to the path is formed in the piece F². When has
assumed its proper position, the screw is tightened. In the piece 12 there is formed
a cavity for the reception of the wooden guide H which is provided with a slot H' for
the saw band said guide being firmly held by the pressure plate i and the set screws i¹.
With the aid of this arrangement the saw band can turn upon h° as pivot. Figure 12
is a side view of the guiding head F with the path h¹ shown at an enlarged
scale, the screw being omitted. Figure 13 is a cross section on line of
Figure 12.
In Figures 14 and 15, Sheet 3 is shown the mechanism for the to and fro motion of
the saw truck, for the up and down motion of the horizontal double armed cross
beam A and for the reversal of the motion. Figures 16 and 17 are details apper-
taining thereto.
The two driving pulleys receive the motion directly from the
motor pulley, and rotate loosely and in different directions upon the shaft upon
which is mounted by means of a sleeve, the coupling piece K, this sleeve enabling the
said coupling piece to slide along the shaft 3. Motion is communicated by means of
an arrangement of bevel wheels c¹ to the pinions c and to the saw truck or carriage.
According as K is coupled with the large or with the small pulley ¹ or the said
carriage moves forward or backward. The coupling is effected by friction ; the
coupling picce K being provided with two leather surfaces, while the pulleys j and j¹
have corresponding cast frictional surfaces. The leverage k² 3 k with the fork k
effects the reversal of motion.
Figure 15 shows the arrangement of the upright frame and the manner in which
the cross beam moves. K' is a hollow standard or pillar the lower part of which has
a conical enlargement and is fixed to the. foundation plate. This pillar K' is provided

page_text: at its upper and central part and in the conical enlargement with annular frictional
surfaces L. Around this pillar K¹ is arranged a second hollow pillar K³ provided with
a screw thread K2 and with corresponding frictional surfaces which bear upon those
of the pillar K¹. The lower end of the pillar K³ is carried by a bearing of the
pillar K. The nut belonging to K' is placed in a split receptacle held together by
the screws and arranged between the two cross beams A (Figures 2 and 15) to which
it is connected. The lower end of the pillar 3 carries a toothed wheel 12 with which
gears a screw ³. The screw shaft receives its motion from the pulley L' and the bevil
gearing L².
L³ is a friction coupling of a known kind which is connected or disconnected by
means of levers m m² m² m³ and of a fork m*. When the screw is operated, the
screw threaded pillar K³ turns upon its bearing surfaces and the piece l' with the
cross beam A moves either up or down. A hand wheel n (Figures 14, 16 and 17) is
arranged to permit of the piece and cross beams A' being moved up and down when
the coupling L³ is disconnected. The hand wheel n forms one piece with the tube n
and the bevil wheel n² and imparts a motion to the bevil wheel and the shaft L' of
the screw. A shaft n is firmly keyed upon the support n' and carries at its upper
end a disc n³ provided with circular divisions. The indicator a fixed to a spoke of the
hand wheel n indicates as it turns over the circular divisions of the disc n³ the extent
of the rotation of the hand wheel n or the ascent or descent of the piece l'.
The disconnecting device of the machine (Figures 1, 14 and 15) consist of a lever r
a shaft, conical gearing a shaft a worm gearing, a vertical shaft and a
sliding ring furnished with a belt shifting fork. The rotary motion of the
shaft is transmitted by means of a toothed sector gearing upon the sliding ring
formed of two parts and capable of sliding horizontally within a groove of the recep-
tacle. The hub o of the toothed sector is connected to the shaft by a sleeve sliding
in the groove o' of the same shaft, and follows the vertical motion of the piece .
Figure 18 shows a front view partly in cross section of the saw carriage. Upon the
lower side of a I shaped support is screwed a U iron N in the hollow part of which
are inserted at regular intervals pins p (Figure 19). In these pins gears the above
mentioned toothed wheel c, thus moving the carriage to and fro. N2 are bearing
rollers upon which the carriage or trolley moves. The nut O is guided between two
I irons P riveted upon N and can slide upon N as far as the ends of these irons. The
ratchet wedge 02 which runs in a guide 01 and is capable of being adjusted
at various heights and fixed in position by the set screw q is raised to a sufficient
height. At the place where the metal sheet P¹ lies against the lateral surfaces of P
the lower flange of P is broken. The angle irons q₁ serve to connect the I irons N
with the metal sheet P¹. Two such metal sheets P¹ are riveted together at 92 and in
order to keep them sufficiently apart they are separated by a piece of piping mounted
on the rivets. The two ratchet wedges are not arranged opposite one another, but
are somewhat shifted laterally for the purpose of consolidation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A device for adjusting and stretching the saw band or blade consisting of the
hand wheel a the first screw wheel gearing, the screw wheel ko or k¹ acting upon the
worm wheel and the two screw gearings in which the screw acts upon the rack
rod 3 whereby a simultaneous shifting of the sliding pieces B B° carrying the bearings
of the roller shaft is effected; one of the driving screws ko or k¹ being movably
connected with the band wheel shaft a'.
2. The bearing body f2 furnished with two pins E3 E³ for turning the bearings of
the roller shaft, arranged in the head of the sliding pieces B B° through the hoxes
or casings E¹ of which pass two or more felt plates dipping in an oil reservoir e
provided with a draw off fuunel e° and filled through a passage formed in the pin E³
of the head aforesaid, the said felt plates serving to filtrate the oil exbausted by the
rotation of the shift.

page_text: 3. A band roller consisting of a crown having a T shaped cross section, of a nave
provided with two strengthening rings d¹ and a female thread et, and of the roller
spoke d one end of which is screwed in the strengthening ring of the nave D, while
its other end having a screw thread cut in a reverse direction to that of the former is
screwed in the cylindrical appendage d³ of the fork d³ riveted to the inwardly pro-
jecting stem of the crown of the roller.
4. The band feeding device moved by means of a hand wheel 9 and pinion / along
the pins or pegs 93 fixed in the hollow part of the guide F, in which the sliding
piece F2 carrying the wooden guide H and placed with its groove / over the swallow
tail shaped path ¹ of the head F¹, is firmly held in any suitable position by the head
of the screw h² which head is formed like the path h¹ and rests in a gap formed in the
latter path.
5. The up and down motion of the receptacle connected with the double armed
cross beams A, which receptacle is disconnected by the friction coupling L³ and
operated by the pulley L' or by the hand wheel n having an indicator nº and a fixed
plate n', wherein a hollow standard or pillar K¹ having a conical enlargement at the
base is screwed upon the bed plate and serves by means of surfaces L as a guide
and carrier for another pillar K³ furnished with a screw thread K2 the nut for
which is in the receptacle I, and set in motion by the screw 13 and the toothed
crown 12
6. The to and fro motion of the saw carriage imparted by a coupling piece K with
leather friction and by two pulleys ; moving in opposite directions, transmitted
by the bevil gearing and the pinion wheel e², and reversed by the levers k² k³ k* with
the fork k³.
7. The saw carriage resting upon the supporting rollers N2 and provided with
I irons N upon which are riveted in a transverse direction and at determined
intervals two I irons P the outer sides of each of which are riveted to a sheet P¹
fixed to N by means of angle irons and between which the nuts O of the ratchet
wedges O adjustable in different positions by the set screws q, are movable in a
guide and guided longitudinally, the pinion wheels mentioned in claim 6 gearing.
with pins inserted within the U iron..
Dated this 13th day of May 189n
JOHANN HEINRICH LANDIS.
By his Agents,
Horn & Son.