Year: 1888

page_text: I JOHN SHELDON of No 10 St Augustine's Road Birmingham in the County of
Warwick Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be
as follows
-
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in metallic framing
for windows hot houses conservatories and other like structures whereby the parts of
the said framing are put together with great facility and damaged parts readily
replaced The parts of which metallic framing constructed according to my invention
18 built up occupy little space when packed for transit or stored in stock and metallic
framings can be rapidly built up from them without the aid of skilled labour
I will describe my invention in connection with a framing for a window consisting
of a series of bars crossing each other at right angles and having the ordinary cross
section of wooden window bars that is the cross section suitable for the reception of
panes of glass to be secured in place by putty
I form either by the casting process or by the process of stamping solid or hollow
cruciform pieces having the configuration of the crossing or mitred parts of an
ordinary wooden window frame each of the four arms of the said cruciform piece having
preferably a length of about two inches
From thin sheet metal I form by drawing or rolling hollow or tubular bars having
the same figure in cross section as the arms of the solid cruciforin pieces described the
said tubular bars being slightly larger than the said arms so that the ends of the said
tubular bars can be passed by a sliding motion on the said arms on which they fit
tightly The said solid cruciform pieces correspond with the mitred junctions of an
ordinary wooden window frame and the tubular bars correspond with the portions of
the bars of a wooden window frame extending from one mitre to another
The length of the tubular bars determines the size of the panes of the window and
hence by keeping in stock different lengths of the tubular bars framings for windows
having panes of different sizes can be rapidly built up cruciform pieces of the same
size being suitable for framings for receiving panes of various sizes
P

page_text: F
Wise
The ages of the tubular or hollow bars are joined by brazing or by welding or other-
But where the sud tubular bars are made of strong sheet metal the joining of
the edges may be dispensed with that is the said hollow bars or tubes may be of the
kind commonly known as open jointed tubes
The tubular bars may either have their ends in a plane at right angles to the length
In the former case
of the bar or the ends may be inclined at the angle of the mitre
I prefer to make the arms of the cruciform piece where they join each other of size
somewhat greater than the other part the said enlarged parts terminating in planes at
right angles to the other parts There is thus forined shoulders against which the
ends of the tubular bars abut when they are fitted on the ci uciform piece the enlarged
parts being flush with the said tubular bars
Dated this 8th day of June 188A
WT
WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Metallic Framing for Windows, Hot Houses,
Conservatories, and other like Structures
I JOHN SHELDON of No 10 St Augustine's Road Birmingham in the County of
Warwick Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in metallic framing
for windows hot houses conservatories and other like structures whereby the parts of
the said framing are put together with great facility and damaged parts readily
replaced The parts of which metallic framing constructed according to my invention
is built up occupy little space when picked for transit or stored in stock and metallic
framings can be rapidly built up from them without the aid of skilled labour
I will describe my invention in connection with a framing for a window consisting
of a series of bars crossing each other at right angles and having the ordinary cross
section of wooden window bars, that is, the cross section suitable for the reception of
panes of glass to be secured in place by putty or otherwise
I form either by the casting process or by the process of stamping solid or hollow"
cruciform pieces having the configuration of the crossing or mitred parts of an
ordinary wooden window frame each of the four arms of the said cruciform piece
having preferably a length of about two inches
From thin sheet metal I form by drawing or rolling hollow or tubular-bars having
the same figure in cross section as the arms of the solid cruciform pieces described
the said tubular bars being made slightly larger than the said arms so that the ends
of the said tubular bars can be passed by a sliding motion on the said arms on which
they fit tightly The said solid cruciform pieces form mitred junctions similar to the
mitres of ordinary wooden window frames and the tubular bars correspond with the
portions of the bars of a wooden window frame extending from one mitre to another
The length of the tubular bars determines the size of the panes of the window and
hence by keeping in stock different lengths of the tubular bars framings for windows
having panes of different sizes can be rapidly built up, cruciform pieces of the same
size being suitable for framings for receiving panes of various sizes
The edges of the tubular or hollow bars are joined by brazing or by welding or
otherwise But where the said tubular bars are made of strong sheet metal the
Joining of the edges may be dispensed with, that is, the said hollow bars or tubes may
be of the kind commonly known as open jointed tubes
The tubular bars may either have their ends in a plane at right angles to the length
In the former
of the bar, or the ends may be inclined at the angle of the mitre
case I prefer to make the arms of the cruciform piece where they join each other of a
Bize somewhat greater than the other part, the said enlarged parts terminating in
planes at right angles to the other parts There is thus formed shoulders against
which the ends of the tubular bars abut when they are fitted on the cruciforin piece
the enlarged parts being flush with the said tubular bars.

page_text: I will now describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the manner in
which my invention is to be performed
Figure 1 represents in front elevation the metallic framing of a window built
up or composed of cruciform and triangular pieces and tubular bars according to
my invention
Figure 2 is a diagram showing the cruciform and triangular pieces arranged in the
respective positions they occupy in the finished window framing before the tubular
bars are applied to them
Figure 3 represents a portion of the window framing drawn to a larger scale,
Figure 4 represents in front elevation and Figure 5 in side elevation one of the
cruciform pieces of the framing and Figure 6 represents in side and end elevation
one of the tubular inner bars of the framing drawn to the same scale as Figure 3
Figure 7 represents in front and side elevation one of the cruciform pieces used
when a casement is to be jointed to the window frame, Figure 8 represents
elevations taken at right angles to one another and a plan of one of the triangular
pieces used at the sides of the framing and Figure 9 represents in side elevation
and plan one of the triangular pieces used at the angles of the framing, Figure 10
represents in side elevation and end elevation one of the outer tubular bars of the
window framing The cruciform pieces of the framing are marked a, a in the
several Figures of the Drawings and the triangular pieces are marked b and c
the said cruciform pieces a being used for joining together the inner bars of the
framing and the triangular pieces b and c being used for joining the outer bars
of the framing Each of the cruciform pieces a has the form best seen in the
enlarged views Figures 4 and 5, that is to say, it has the configuration of the
crossing or mitred parts of an ordinary wooden window frame each of the four
arms being about two inches in length The cruciform pieces a my either be
solid or hollow The arms of the triangular pieces b and c for receiving and
Joining together the inner bars of the framing have a similar mitred figure in
cross section to the arms of the cruciform pieces but those arms of the triangular
pieces 6 and which receive the outer bars of the framing have the form shown
in Figures 8 and 9 It will be seen by an examination of Figures 1, 2 and 9
that the outer arms c³ of the triangular pieces at the angles of the window
traming are not mitred but are plain and constitute the parts which are built
into the wall of the structure, d d d are the sheet metal hollow or tubular inner
bars and e, e, e the outer hollow or tubular bars of the framing, the said bars d
and e having the same sectional figures in cross section respectively as the arms of the
cruciform and triangular pieces a, b, c on which they are to be fitted, the said tubular
bars being somewhat larger than the said arms so that the ends of the tubular bars can
be passed by a sliding motion on the said arms on which they fit tightly it will be
seen by an examination of Figures 5, 7 and 8 that the arms of the cruciform and
triangular pieces where they join each other at the middleboss are somewhat enlarged
the enlarged parts being marked a³ These enlarged parts a terminate in planes
at right angles to the other parts and form shoulders against which the ends of the
tubular bars abut when they are fitted on the said arms of the pieces the said enlarged
parts being flush with the tubular bars The tubular bars represented in Figures 6
and 10 are each made up of two longitudinal halves the edges of which are joined
by a closing operation but I do not limit myself to that method of construction as they
may be otherwise made
It will be seen by an examination of Figures 1, 3, 5, 7 and 8 that the cruciform
and triangular pieces a b, c of the window framing correspond with the mitred
Junctions and side parts of an ordinary wooden window frame and the tubular
bars d, d correspond with the positions of the bars of a wooden window frame
extending from one mitre to another, the lengths of the horizontal and vertical bars
corresponding with the size of the panes of the window Thus by using tubular bars
of different lengths framings for windows having panes of different sizes can be
rapidly built up, ciuciform and triangular pieces of the same size being suitable for
building up framings for receiving panes of various sizes..

page_text: By reference to theDrawings it will be seen that the inner bars d, d of the framing
have two mitres or shoulders for the edges of two pines to bear against, while the
bars e, e forming the outersides of the framing have a singlo mitre or moulding for
the edge of a single pane to hear against The triangular pieces b and c at the outer
parts of the framing for receiving the said barse have a corresponding figure in cross
section (see Figures 8 and 9)
When a casement is to be jointed to the window framing the cruciform pieces a to
which the sud casement is jointed are made with pierced snugs f of the kind shown
in Figure 7 and in the diagram Figure 2, a triangular piece being used between the
cruciform pieces having the suugs and another triangular piece below that last
mentioned as seen in the said Figure 2
Figure 11 represents a window framing having a semi-circular top or head
constructed or built up according to my invention in the manner hereinbefore
described
The
Figure 12 represents in front and side elevation a hollow or mortice cruciform
piece and Figure 13 represents a hollow or tubular bar having solid or tenon ends to
be fitted in the hollow or mortice arms of the cruciform pieces Figure 12
hollow or mortice arms of the cruciform piece Figure 12 are marked h, h and the
solid or tenon ends of the hollow bar are marked k in Figure 13 The triangular
pieces and the hollow bars to be fitted therein are made of a similar sectional form
and the window framing is built up by the use of these cruciform and triangular
pieces and bars in the manner hereinbefore described
In applying my invention to the metallic framing of hot houses, conservatories
and other like structures I modify the parts in the manner illustrated in cross section
in Figure 14 and parts and details, drawn to a larger scale, in Figures 15, 16, 17, 18
and 19 of the Drawings In constructing the roof of the hot house I use a ridge
bar of the kind represented in end elevation and front elevation in Figure 15,
and an eaves bar of the kind represented in cross section and front elevation in
Figure 16
The ridge bar Figures 14 and 15 15 furnished with arms m, m at the required
distances apart the said arms being inclined to one another and having the sectional
figure of the arms of the pieces herein before described with respect to a window
framing Upon the arius m, m the ends of the roof glazing bar represented in
Figure 19 and marked n are fitted The said ridge bar is also furnished with
sockets P for receiving the tie or struning rods p² and with a cap the several parts
being cast in one piece The lengths of the ridge bar are joined together end to
end by a socket like arrangement that is, the end (Figure 15) is furnished with a
socket into which the plain end of the adjacent length is fitted
24
The caves bar q represented separately in Figure 16 is furnished with arms q³, q³
and 9, 9 at the required distances apart, the arms receiving the bottom ends of
the roof glazing bars n and the arms q receiving the upper ends of the glazing
bars n' at the sides of the hot house or structure
The said eaves bar q is also furnished with sockets of the kind represented at q*
for receiving the tie or straining rods p³ of the roof as well as with the spouts .
The lengths of which the eaves bar is composed are connected together by the socket
arrangement represented in horizontal section partly in plan in Figure 17, where the
In this arrangement
lengths of the spout part of the eaves bar are marked s and t
the socket end of one length has a block or lug made upon it and the plain end
of the adjacent length t has a nearly similar block or lugt made upon it By bolting
the blocks or lugs, together the two lengths s,t of the eaves bar are secured
together The blocks are socketed at to receive the ends of the tie or straining
rods of the roof
On the vertical walls or foundation u of the structure horizontal bars r of the kind
shown in Figure 18 are supported and fixed These horizontal bars carry at the
required distances apart arms for receiving the bottom ends of the vertical
glazing bars n forming the sides of the structure the upper ends of the said vertical
The horizontal
glazing bars n being fitted on the arms 93 9 of the eaves bar q

page_text: bottom or foundation bar is provided with eyes at r³ for bolting the adjacent lengths
of the said bar r together
The building up of the metallic framings of the roof and sides of the hot house or
structure by the use of ridge, eaves and foundation bars having arms upon them for
receiving the ends of the glazing bars is effected substantially in the manner herein-
before described with respect to a metallic window frame
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my
invention of "Improvements in metallic framing for windows, hot houses, conservatories
and other like structures"
-
First Constructing or building up metallic framing for windows of a series of
separate cruciform pieces and triangular pieces either solid or hollow the arms of the
said pieces having substantially the same configuration as the crossing and side mitred
parts of an ordinary wooden window frame with which said pieces are combined a
series of separate tubular or hollow bars having the same configuration in cross
section as the arms of the cruciform and triangular pieces on or in which the said
bars are to be fitted the several parts being constructed arranged and used substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 1 to 13 both inclusive of the
accompanying Drawings
Secondly The modifications hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 14,
15, 16, 17, 18 and 19 of the accompanying Drawings for adapting the method of
construction claimed in the first claim to the constructing or building up of the
metallic framings of hot houses conservatories and other like structures
Dated the Twenty eighth day of February 1889