IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS TO BE USED IN EFFECTING THE PRE- SERVATION OF ANIMAL, AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS. PATENT to Frederick Henry Trevithick, of Guildford Road,
Clapham, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, and Richard Jones, of
Botolph Lane, in the City of London, Merchant, for the Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS TO BE USED IN EFFECTING THE PRE-
SERVATION OF ANIMAL, AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Henry Trevi-
thick and Richard Jones, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,.
with their Petition, on the 31st July 1860.
We, FREDERICK HENRY TREVITHICK, of Guildford Road, Claphamn, in the
County of Surrey, Engineer, and RICHARD JONES, of Botolph Lane, in the
City of Loudon; Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS TO BE USED IN EFFECTING THE
PRESERVATION OF: ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The improvements relate; when sulphurous or other gases are employed as
the means of operating upon matters for effecting their preservation, to means
by which the exhaustion of the atmosphere from the tin or other vessels used
to contain the matters to be preserved as well as the forcing therein of gases
employed for effecting the preservation of such matters, may be effected with-
out injury by collapsing or by bursting to such vessels, and by which the
mount of vacuum obtained'in any of the vessels may be ascertained, and then

page_text: the gas or gases introduced, and the amount of gas or gases introduced and
absorbed in each separate vessel may be indicated.
For this purpose, the vessels containing the animal or vegetable matters to
be acted upon are placed in a strong chamber with a loose cover, and so that
each is connected by a separate pipe passing externally. The cover is then
applied to the strong chamber, so as to enclose the containing vessels, and it is
filled with water or other suitable fluid, and hermetically sealed, so as to pre-
vent a collapsingor bursting of those vessels as subsequently treated, although
they may be made of thin tin or other material. Each of the pipes from the
tin or other vessels euclosing the matters to be preserved is provided with
tops or valves, by which it is capable of being in communication with means
of obtaining and registering vacuum,and when the amount of vacuum desired
is obtained, of communication with the reservoir or reservoirs of gas or gases,
as well as of means for indicating the amount of gas or gases so introduced
and absorbed, and by which, when the required amount of preservative gas
Las been introduced other gas or gases may be introduced into the vessels to
fill any vacant space therein.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Henry Trevithick and Richard Jones in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 31st January 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, FREDERICK
HENRY TREVITHIOK, of Guildford Road, Clapham, in the County of Surrey,.
Engineer, and RICHARD JONES, of Botolph Lane, in the City of London
Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for. Herself, Her heirs and successors,give aud grant unto us, the
said Frederick Heury Trevithick and Richard Jones, Her special licence that
we, the said Frederick Henry Trevithick and Richard Jones, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Frederick
Henry Trevithick and Richard Jones, our executors, administrators, and
assigus, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make,use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Chanuel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS TO BE USED IN EFFECTING THE PRE-

page_text: SERVATION OF ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Frederick Henry Trevithick and Richard Jones, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, or them, should
particularlydescribe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months nextandimmediatelyafter
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE,that we, the said Frederick Henry Trevithick and Richard
Jones,do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,and in what manner
the same is to be perforined, to be particularlydescribed and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The improvements relate, when sulphurous acid gas or other gases are
employed as the means of operating upon matters for effecting their preserva-
tion, to means by which the exhaustion of the atmosphere from the tin or other
vessels used to contain the matters to be preserved, as well astheforcingtherein
of gasesemployed for effecting the preservationof such matters, maybe effected
without injury by collapsing or by bursting to such vessels, and by which the
amountof vacuum obtained in any of thevessels maybe ascertained, andthenthe
gas or gases introduced, and theamount or quantity of gas or gases introduced
and absorbed in each separate vessel may be indicated.
.
For this purpose, the vessels containing the animal or vegetable matters to
be acted upon are placed in a strong chamber with a loose cover, and so that
each is connected by a separate pipe passing externally. The cover is then
applied to the strong chamber so as to enclose the containing vessels,and it is
filled with water or other suitable fluid,and hermetically sealed, so as to pre- .
vent a collapsingorbursting of those vessels as subsequently treated, although
they may be made of thin tiu or other material. Each of the pipes from the.
tin or other vessels enclosing the matters to be preserved is provided with
taps or valves, by which it is capable of being placed in communication with
means of obtaining and registering vacuum, and when the amount of vacuum
desired is obtained, of communication with the reservoir or reservoirs of gas or
gases, as well as of means for indicating the amount of gas or gases so intro-
duced and absorbed, and by which, when the required amount of preservative.
gas has been introduced,other gas or gases may be introduced into the vessels
to fill any vacant space therein.
But that the nature of these improvements, and the means we adopt in.
carrying the same into effect, may be fully understood, we will proceed to
describe the Drawing anneved

page_text: tibeen sit er
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.:
*
Figure 1 shows a front elevation, partly in section; Figure 2, a section
end view; and Figure 3,a plan of apparatus,arrangedaccordingto our improve-
inents. In each of these views the same letters indicate like parts wherever
they occur.
a, a, b, and c, represent holders for the gases to be emploped in operating
upon matters to effect their preservation, and supposing sulphurous acid gas,
nitrogen gas, and binoxide of nitrogen to be the gases employed, it will be
found convenient that the holders a,a,contain sulphurous acid gas, the holder
6 contain nitrogen gas, and the holder c the binoxide of nitrogen; d, d, are
what we denominate "curing troughs," adapted to receive the vessels in
which the matters to be acted upou are placed. The red line e represents one
of such vessels, which it will be seen is connected to a pipe which proceeds
thence externally of the case d; and it will be understood that each of the
vessois c, wlien placed in a chamber d, is hermetically sealed, except at its
junction with the pipe d. And we effect this junction by means of a piece of
vulcanized or prepared india-rubber, or otherwise, for ready attachment and
discouniection, aided by a stop-cock or other means of closing the passage to
such case, as required. When a chamber d has been supplied to the extent
desired with any number of vessels e, a close-fitting cover ds is applied to it,
and the chamber is then filled with water or other fluid, so as to occupy all the
space therein not.occupied by the enclosed cases, by which any collapsing or
bursting of those cases e (which may be made of thin tin or other metal) by
reason of the subsequent treatment, may be prevented. Each of the pipes d
is, by means of a pipe f, in communication with an exhaust pumpf, and by
other pipes g, h, with the gas I holders a, a, and b,so that the air may be first ex-
hausted from the vessels e,and then gas from the holders a, a, or b, conducted
thereto, and there are taps fa f, g, h, to the respective passages, so as to
stop off or control communication through them, as required..The passage
opens into the passage f, by which, when gas is passed from the chamber or
holder'b to the vessels e, the taps f2 will be open and the tap f³ closed. When
it may be desired to introduce gas from the holder c, this may be effected
by other similar direct communication, or by a pipe c¹, opening through
taps co, from the holder c to the holder b, and thence by the passages h, f, to
the vessels e. The pipes d' are also in communication with suitable mercurial
apparatus n, for ascertaining first the amount of vacuum in the vessels e, and
then the amount of gas absorbed bythe contents of such vessels e. The pipes g
open into and from a meter or measurer 7, by which the quantity of gas intro-
h

page_text: duced into the vessels e maybe ascertained and indicated on the dial m. When
desired, the pumps employed may be used as force pumps to aid in forcing the
gas or gases into the matters in the chambers e by means of the passages ƒ4,
when the passage f³ as well as the passages to the respective gas holders will
be closed. In like manner, when the desired amount of preservative gas
has been introduced, other gas or gases may be introduced into the vessels
to fill any vacant space therein.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, we would have it
understood that we do not claim the various mechanical parts referred to sepa-
rately considered, nor do we confine ourselves to the precise details as shown
and described; but what we do claim is, the adaptation or combination of
means to beusodineffecting the preservation of animaland vegetablesubstances
substantially as explained.
In witness whereof, we, the said Frederick Henry Trevithick and Richard
Jones have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirty-first day
of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-one.
Witness,
WILLIAM BROOKES,
73, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agent.
F. H. TREVITHICK. (L.S.)
RICHARD JONES. (L.S.)