IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES AND FLUE PIPES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Howard John Kennard, of No. 67, Upper Thames
Strect, in the City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STOVES AND FLUE PIPES,"
Sealed the 6th August 1875, and dated the 8th March 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Howard John Kennard
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 8th March 1875.
I, HOWARD JOHN KENNARD, of No. 67, Upper Thames Street, in the
City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVELIENTS IN STOVES AND FLUE PIPES," to be as follows:-
-
My Invention relates to stoves of the kind in which a fire-box is
placed in an air chamber, and air for the supply of apartments is heated
by its passage through the chamber in contact with the walls of the fire.
box, and my improvements likewise apply in part to flue pipes, which
convey hot products of combustion through air channels for the purpose
of heating air passing along such channels..

page_text: In stoves of the kind referred to it has been usual to make the exterior
walls of the fire-box with projecting ribs or fins, which are commonly
called feathers or gills, for the purpose of exposing a larger heating
surface to the passing air, these gills carrying by conduction heat from
the fire-box and giving it off to the air. Now according to my Invention
I provide also gills on the interior surface of the fire-box exposed to the
fire and flame so as to increase the surface for absorbing heat inside the
fire-box as well as to extend the surface for giving it off outside the fire-
box. In like manner, when a flue pipe is led through an air channel,
I provide gills inside as well as outside the pipe with the like object, and
for facility of cleansing I prefer to make such pipes in halves divided
longitudinally, so that ready access can be had to the interior. It is
obvious that the air channel may be formed in the interior gilled pipe,
the hot products of combustion passing along its exterior.
When it is desired to employ air stoves such as I have above referred
to, either as close stoves or as open fires, I make them as open fires, and
provide a blower or cover which can be fitted over the front when they
are to be worked as close stoves. I make this cover with hooks on its
inside so that it can be hung on the grate bar in the manner of a trivet,
and at the lower part of the cover I provide an air valve, preferably of
the turning vane kind, by which the quantity of air admitted to support
combustion can be regulated at pleasure.
'
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Howard John Kennard in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 26th August 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HOWARD
JOHN KENNARD, of No. 67, Upper Thames Street, in the City of
London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-eighth year.
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Howard John Kennard, Her special license that I, the
said Howard John Kennard, my executors, administrators, and assigns,

page_text: or such others as I, the said Howard John Kennard, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STOVES AND FLUE PIPES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Howard John Kennard, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Howard John Kennard, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked
thercon, that is to say:-
My Invention relates to stoves of the kind in which a fire-box is
placed in an air chamber, and air for the supply of apartments is heated
by its passage through the chamber in contact with the walls of the fire-
box, and my improvements likewise apply in part to flue pipes, which
3 convey hot products of combustion through air channels for the
of heating air passing along such channels.
purposo
In stoves of the kind referred to it has been usual to make the exterior
walls of the fire-box with projecting ribs or fins, which are commonly
called feathers or gills, for the purpose of exposing a larger heating
surface to the passing air, these gills carrying by conduction heat from
the fire-box and giving it off to the air. Now according to my Invention
I provide also gills on the interior surface of the fire-box exposed to the
fire and flame so as to increase the surface for absorbing heat inside the
fire-box as well as to extend the surface for giving it off outside the fire-
box. In like manner, when a flue pipe is led through an air channel, I
provide gills inside as well as outside the pipe with the like object, and
for facility of cleansing I prefer to make such pipes in halves divided

page_text: longitudinally, so that ready access can be had to the interior. It is
obvious that the air channel may be formed in the interior gilled pipe,
the hot products of combustion passing along its exterior.
When it is desired to employ air stoves such as I have above referred
te, either as close stoves or as open fires, I make them as open fires, and
provide a blower or cover which can be fitted over the front when they
are to be worked as close stoves. I make this cover with hooks on its
inside so that it can be hung on the grate bar in the manner of a trivet,.
and at the lower part of the cover I provide an air valve, preferably of
the turning vane kind, by which the quantity of air admitted to support
combustion can be regulated at pleasure.
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section, and Fig. 2 a sectional plan of a
bot-air stove to which my improvements are applied. A is the partition
which separates the fire-chamber B from the air chamber C, on which 1
partition are formed the external gills or fins D in the usual manner so
as to increase the surface which heats the passing air. According to my
Invention I form also on this partition the internal fins or gills E so as
to increase the surface for absorbing heat from the fire and flame. The
stove may be used as an open fire by leaving the front uncovered; but 2
when it is desired to work it as a close stove I place before the front
opening a cover I made with hooks f, f, to catch on the grate bar in
the manner of a trivet, providing a valve G of any known construction
for regulating the admission of air to the ash pit.
Fig. 3 represents a transverse section of an air channel, in which is a
placed the flue pipe from a stove. This flue pipe is provided with
internal gills H as well as external gills I, and is preferably made in
halves divided longitudinally with flanges K for joining the halves so as
to give facility for cleansing. It is obvious that the internal pipe may
serve for the passage of air to receive heat, the products of combustion
passing through the fluc which contains the pipe.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I claim,—
First. The use in hot-air stoves or flue pipes of internal gills so as to
increase the surface for receiving heat, such internal gills being employed

page_text: ither by themselves or in combination with the external gills usually
pplied to increase the surface for giving out heat.
Second. The method substantially as herein described of applying a
ront cover or blower suspended by hooks as a trivet to a hot-air stove so
s to convert the same into a close stove.
In witness whereof, I, the said Howard John Kennard, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Third day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.