matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE ROPES OR CABLES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John George Appold at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
August 1858.
I, JOHN GEORGE APPOLD, of Wilson Street, Finsbury Square, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE ROPES OR CABLES," to be as
follows:-
My Invention of improvements in the manufacture of wire ropes or cables,
relates more particularly to the manufacture of ropes and cables intended to
be employed for submarine telegraphic purposes, and has for its object the
prevention of such ropes or cables from untwisting when they are paid out
from a ship or vessel, as they are liable to do when made in the ordinary
manner.
According to the usual method of making submarine telegraphic cables,
they are covered externally with strands made of wire, and twisted or laid
round the internal core in one direction. These wire strands are intended as
a protection for the internal core, but I have found by experience that when
a heavy strain is put on a rope or cable so made, the tendency is to straighten
and elongate these strands, and in so doing they become drawn out, and
thereby, to a certain extent, untwisted, and when this tendency to untwist is

page_text: extended over a considerable length of cable suspended from a ship, the
untwisting of the outer strands is very apt to weaken the cable, and render it
liable to fracture.
In order to obviate these objections, I propose to divide the wire strands
into two sets, which shall be laid round the internal core in opposite directions.
For instance, instead of employing strands consisting each of seven wires
twisted together, and laying all such strands round the core in one direction,
I propose to make strands composed of four wires twisted together, and laid
round the core in one direction; after which I proceed to make other strands
composed of three wires twisted together; and these strands I lay over or
round the other strands, but in the opposite direction, and thereby all tendency
of the one set of strands to untwist will be counteracted by the other set, and
therefore the cable or rope will remain undamaged from such a cause as has
heretofore materially affected it.
An obvious modification of this mode of protecting the internal core consists
in plaiting the protecting wire strands round the core, very much in the same
way as whalebone or cord is plaited round the handles of whips or sticks.
This plaiting operation is, however, a rather slow process in comparison to the
operation of laying the strands in opposite directions, as above mentioned.
may; however be found useful and advantageous for some purposes where
extra cost of manufacture is not a material object.
It
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERING OR CLOSING BOTTLES, JARS, AND OTHER LIKE VESSELS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th December 1858.-A communication from M. Chamblant, residing
at Paris.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E.C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERING OR CLOSING BOTTLES, JARS, AND OTHER
LIKE VESSELS," (communicated to me by M. Chamblant, residing at Paris,)
to be as follows:-
-
Upon the neck of the bottle or other vessel to be closed two screw threads
are cast or formed, and, by preference, of a diminishing pitch from the mouth
downwards. Two indentations are made on opposite sides in a capsule of
metal or other suitable material, and these indentations are so formed as to
screw into or under the screw threads on the bottle or other vessel, and so
retain the capsule on the bottle. By simply turning the capsule in the reverse
direction it will be unscrewed and released. The top of the capsule, on the
inside, is furnished with a block of cock, caoutchouc, or other suitable elastic
material. The bottle or jar may be hermetically closed by screwing the
capsule tight down on the neck thereof. Where the screw threads on the
bottle or vessel are of glass, the Inventor finds it of advantage to roughen
their under surface, to prevent the indentations on the capsule accidentally
slipping up them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GUIDES OR CLEARERS USED IN MACHINES FOR WINDING, REELING, AND CLEARING THREADS OF COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1858

page_text: by the Act.)
ՄԱՏ not given weertere
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hetherington at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th June
1858.
I, JOSEPH HETHERINGTON, of Store Street Mills, in the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GUIDES OR CLEARERS USED IN MACHINES FOR
WINDING, REELING, AND CLEARING THREADS OF COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing guides or clearers for machines
above mentioned from a solid piece of steel or other suitable material, the
slit or space for the thread to pass through being made taper, that is, so wide
at the top as to pass a coarse thread, and gradually diminishing in width to
the bottom, so as only to pass the finest threads. By this form of slit a place
in the guide will be found suitable to every count of thread between the
coarsest and finest by regulating the depth which the thread is allowed to
enter the slit, which is done by combining with the guide or guides a rod or
bar over which the threads pass, this rod or bar being adjustable. I fix the
guides constructed as above described, either rigidly in the traverse rod or
bar, or mount them on a spring or elastic support (so as to give way slightly
in case an obstruction of the thread occurs) in the same manner as guides of
the ordinary construction are arranged.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES OR FIRE-PLACES
Year: 1858

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hartree at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th January
1858.
I, WILLIAM HARTREE, of Lewisham Road, in the County of Kent, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FURNACES OR FIRE-PLACES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the mode of constructing furnaces or fire-places
herein-after described so as to admit a regulated quantity of heated air over
the fire distributed in the manner described. For this purpose an auxiliary
furnace is constructed in front of the ordinary furnace; over this auxiliary
furnace is fixed a mouth or passage for the admission of the external air,
which mouth or passage is furnished with a valve for the purpose of regulating
the quantity of air admitted; this valve may be worked by hand or by self-
acting means. Between the auxiliary furnace and the ordinary furnace are
arranged sets of fire-bricks in the following manner :-There are sets of bricks
placed vertically or across the flue communicating between the two furnaces,
and beyond these bricks and just over the ordinary furnace, are built up
courses of bricks with inclined or oblique openings or channels formed in
them, the openings or channels in one course being in one direction, and those
in the next course being in another or transverse direction, so as to divide the
streams of heated air and set them in motion during their course through the

page_text: channels or openings of the bricks immediately before entering the ordinary
furnace.
It
may be desirable in some cases to substitute bricks without openings for
those with the oblique openings or channels.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN SHIRT COLLARS
Year: 1858

page_text: nvention
TOU
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hulett at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th April 1858.
I, JOHN HULETT, in the employment of Richard Hellaby, of Aldersgate
Street, in the City of London, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN SHIRT COLLARS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention is intended to apply to those collars known as "turn-down,"
or "Byron" or "Belgian" collars, and the object is to enable a short tie to be
attached to the front of the collar without being passed round the neck,
whereby a neat and cool collar and tie are obtained.
The Invention consists in attaching to the band or inside of the turn-over
fold of a collar, a tab or tongue, which is to be fastened by a button or other
suitable fastening to the opposite side of the fore part of the collar, after
being placed on the neck of the wearer. The tie or scarf is passed over this
tab, and a bow or knot is formed.
A NEW TWISTING BOBBIN
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jozé Luis at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th August
1858. A communication.
I, JOZE LUIS, Patent Agent, of No. 1B, Welbeck Street, Cavendish Square,
5 London, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW TWISTING BOBBIN," a communication to me from a
foreigner residing abroad, to be as follows:-
EXPLANATION OF THE DRAWING.
A, frame; n, n, large beams; 0, 0, stop point fixed on the shaft n, n;
p, p, stop point fixed on the shaft n, n; s, s, outter collar; t, t, horizontal slide
bars lodged in the piece of wood u, u; u, u, piece of wood moving vertically
against the feet 1 & 3, and held there by the frame a, a, a; x, x, shafts
in which are lodged the ends of the slide bars t, t. These shafts thus screwed
in the half cushion of the slide bars, by their rotary movement from right to
left, cause the apparatus to mount. y, y, beams fixed in the feet 1 and 3
a, a, a, frame of the pieces of wood u, u; b, b, b, shaft; c, c, c, cog wheel fixed
on the shaft b, b, b; e, e, e, little shafts; f, ff, bevil wheel fixed on the shaft
h, h, h; h, h, h, shaft; i, i, i, little excentrics fixed on the shaft b, b, b ;
y, y, y, pinions; k, k, k, endless chain working the pinions y, y, y; 1, 1, 1,
endless chain communicating movements to the excentrics i, i, i; m, m, m,

page_text: endless chain communicating movement to the wheel s, s, s; s, s, s, cog wheel;
t, t, t, shaft moving the frame A; u, u, u, lay cap at the end of the shaft t, t, ti
v, v, v, supports letting the frame A fall. without shock; w, w, w, lower beam
of the supports v, v, v; x, x, x, upper beam of ditto; z, z, z, pivot of the
supports v, v, v, fixed in the beam h, h, h.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF BEDS AND OTHER ARTICLES FOR SITTING OR RECLINING UPON
Year: 1858

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Ayckbourn at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st August
1858.
I, FREDERICK AYCкBOURN, of Lyons Inn, Strand, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF BEDS AND OTHER ARTICLES FOR SITTING OR RECLINING UPON," to be
as follows:-
I construct, of cotton or linen ticking or other suitable material, the skin or
case of the bed or other article required. I divide this case into numerous
independent cells, each closed at one end and open at the other, having one
long flap which covers all the orifices, and is to be buttoned or otherwise
firmly secured underneath. I place in such cell a long bag made of india-
rubber cloth, or other suitable material for holding water or air, furnished
with a metal or other mouthpiece, the dimensions or capacity of which bag
exceed that of the cell by about one-fifth, which arrangement prevents the
possibility of the bag bursting. This combination of case and bags is applicable
to beds, pillows, sofas, cushions, and other articles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF PREPARING AND SECURING BANKERS' AND OTHER CROSSED CHEQUES AGAINST FRAUDULENT ERASURE OR REMOVAL
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Cook, of Addiscombe, in the County of
Surrey, Professor of Fortification, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE METHOD OF PREPARING AND SECURING BANKERS' AND OTHER CROSSED
CHEQUES AGAINST FRAUDULENT ERASURE OR REMOVAL."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Cook at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
September 1858.
I, THOMAS COOк, of Addiscombe, in the County of Surrey, Professor of
Fortification, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF PREPARING AND SECURING BANKERS' AND OTHER
CROSSED CHEQUES AGAINST FRAUDULENT ERASURE OR REMOVAL," to be as follows:-
My said Invention relates to methods of obtaining increased security
against the fraudulent erasure or removal of writing on bankers' and other
cheques, differing from the usual method of crossing; which I effect by
embossing, or piercing, or puncturing the paper wherever any writing occurs
requiring to be rendered secure against being altered or removed.
My said improvements comprise apparatus or machines to be used either
as hand stamps, nippers, dies, or presses, for piercing cheques as required, or

page_text: machinery of known construction, with suitable rollers, or stamps, and dies
applied for preparing like perforated cheques, when required to be manu-
factured in large quantities. The holes may be punctured in lines, or to
produce a variety of figured designs, or words, or portions thereof, and such
perforated portions of the cheques, if further crossed or written over with a
pen and ink, the ink by flowing into the small apertures, will assist in
defeating its removal by chemical or other means without detection.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EM- BROIDERING
Year: 1858

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gardine Hodges at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th April
1858.
I, JOHN GARDINE HODGES, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Merchant and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EM-
BROIDERING," to be as follows:-
I arrange a surface table sufficiently large to admit the material to be
embroidered, and I arrange any convenient number of needles according to
the pattern required, the said needles to operate vertically or horizontally,
and be fed with thread, silk, or other material from a corresponding number
of spools or bobbins in a similar manner to the ordinary sewing machine. I
cause the needles to move up and down, or to and fro, by means of levers or
cranks governed either by a cam for each needle or a cam for the whole
number, and put in motion by the turning of a wheel and shaft either by
hand or power, so that all the needles act simultaneously. In order to cause
the diversity of pattern, I cause the table upon which the work is placed to
move in any direction by connecting it with a pattern model, or the table
may be stationary, and the needles by their change of position may give the
required pattern. In either case a feeding motion may be applied when
desired. The aforesaid arrangements may be of any dimensions or strength.
according to the texture of the material to be embroidered.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TAPS, COCKS, VALVES, HYDRANTS, AND OTHER APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE FLOW OF WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Farmerley Dickson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th September 1858.
I, JOHN FARMERLEY DICKSON, of Number 6, Russell Street, Litchurch,
near Derby, in the County of Derby, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TAPS, COCKS,
VALVES, HYDRANTS, AND OTHER APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE FLOW OF WATER
AND OTHER FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
It has long been a desideratum to obtain for the pipes that supply and
distribute water in towns and cities a stop-cock simple in construction,
durable, and cheap, whose valve could be readily opened by hand, and would
close of itself when the pressure which opened it was withdrawn, and thus
prevent the waste which will result from carelessly leaving an bydrant or
tap open. This desideratum is the principal object of the first part of my
Invention.
This first part of my Invention consists of a tap or cock, connected in the
ordinary mode to the supply pipe, wherein is fixed a clack valve, with or
without an hinge on its upper or under surface, opening against the pressure
(when used in connection with fluids under high pressure) by a slide or
plunger acting on a cam or the external face of the valve, which valve is lined
with india-rubber or other clastic material. When used in connection with
barrels or other receptacles of fluids of varying or low pressure, in place of the
slide or plunger before mentioned, I use a screw connected with the cam on

page_text: the face of the valve by a joint or parallel motion, by means of which it may
be opened or shut.
The second part of my Invention consists of a tap or cock having an
enlarged chamber on one side to permit the working of a valve attached to an
upright plug of mineralized india-rubber, such valve being lifted from its seat
by the action of a metal plug in two parts enclosed in the before-mentioned
india-rubber, its action being to twist and at the same time stretch the india-
rubber plug, which valve may be used either for high or low pressure
purposes, as under all circumstances it will be self-closing.
I propose to apply these valves to all purposes for which such apparatus are
ordinarily used in regulating the supply and flow of liquids.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REELS OR SPOOLING WHEELS
Year: 1858

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Joseph Florence at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th July
1858.
I, JEAN JOSEPH FLORENCE, of Paris, France, Merchant, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REELS OR SPOOLING
WHEELS," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to new arrangements of reels or spooling wheels for
the winding or unwinding of threads or yarns on or from bobbins, and consists in
thus combining the various parts that these reels take up less space than those
hitherto used for the same purposes, and offer also more regularity and swift-
ness of motion. The same consist of a suitable frame, in which turns a main
arbor provided with a pinion receiving motion by gearing, endless bands, cords,
chains, or other suitable means, from a large wheel turned either by hand
power, by means of a winch handle, or receiving motion from any other suitable
prime mover; the said main arbor is also provided with a fly wheel for steady-
ing the motion, and with another large wheel which by means of endless bands,
chains, or other suitable contrivance, transmits the motion to the spindles of
one or more cops or bobbins turning in suitable bearings in the frame. The
relative position of the various parts, and particularly of the spindles form the
center of motion, is regulated by suitable set screws.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHEET, HOOP, AND NAIL-ROD IRON
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Spence at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th July
1858.
I, JAMES SPENCE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Iron Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF SHEET, HOOP, AND NAIL-ROD IRON," to be as follows:-
In the present mode of manufacturing sheet, hoop, and nail-rod iron, when
a superior quality is required, charcoal iron is used; they are also made of
steel produced by the ordinary process of cementation or conversion, but at so
high a cost as to restrict their use to any limited purposes. My Invention
consists in manufacturing such sheets, hoops, and nail rods from puddled steel
or steel iron produced from pig iron in the puddling furnace. This substi-
tution of puddled steel or steel iron in the manufacture of sheets, hoops, and
nail rods will be found to effect a great improvement, as in this manner a
quality is produced greatly superior to that of ordinary iron, and at a cost
greatly below that incurred when to obtain the desired quality steel is used
that has been produced by the usual process of cementation or conversion.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC, AND MAGNETIC, OR ELECTRO-MAGNETIC TELEGRAPHS, APLICABLE TO SUBMARINE AND LAND COMMUNICATION
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Barclay at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd November
1858.
I, ANDREW BARCLAY, residing in Kilmarnock, in the County of Ayr, North
Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC, AND MAGNETIC, OR ELECTRO-MAGNETIC
TELEGRAPHS, APLICABLE TO SUBMARINE AND LAND COMMUNICATION," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to the arranging and worcking of electric,
magnetic, or electro-magnetic telegraphs by sea and land. These improve-
ments are, laying conducting wires of different metals or of the same metal
from both ends or poles of the galvanic batteries, so as to complete the circuit
direct, and if thought proper, the said wires being made or not in one cable,
but so insulated that the one cannot touch the other, and reversing the wires
or poles of the batteries so as to give a revers action to the current of
electrecety. And in the case of submarine telegraphs taking adventage of the
sea to form part or whole of the batteries, by making the conducting wires of
differents metals, and in the case of the present Atlantic telegraph cable, or
other submarine telegraph cables, making use of the present outside covering
wires as one of the said conducting wires or generating battery. And making
use of possitive and nagative coiles to strangthen the current of electricity on
said wires.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MOTIVE POWER ENGINE
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Wright and Thomas James
Mercer at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 11th November 1858.
We, ROBERT WRIGHT, of Openshaw, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Jeweller, and THOMAS JAMES MERCER, the younger, of Coventry,
in the County of Warwick, Watch Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED MOTIVE POWER ENGINE,"
to be as follows :-
Our Invention consists of an engine by which motive power is obtained by
the use of compressed air, which said engine also effects the compression or
condensation of the air, by the expansion of which the motive power is obtained.
Our engine consists essentially of the following parts:-A series of condensing
pumps communicate with a cistern or reservoir, the said reservoir being
provided with a safety valve. The piston rods of the pumps are connected by
means of connecting rods and clips with a series of eccentrics situated on the
main shaft of the engine. The said eccentrics are so fixed on the shaft that
the strokes of the pumps follow each other in regular succession, and a uniform
density is maintained in the condensed air in the reservoir; the said condensed
air is conducted into a cylinder, similar to the cylinder of a steam engine,
where it acts upon a piston and produces motive power in the same way as
steam, the valves and other adjuncts to the engine resemble in all essential
respects the valves and adjuncts of a steam engine, and we therefore do not

page_text: think it necessary to describe the same. The motive power thus obtained is
communicated to the shaft by which the pumps are worked, and the air in
the reservoir is thus kept in a proper state of condensation. The motive
power of the engine may be applied to any purpose to which it is applicable,
in addition to the working of the condensing pumps.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION AND MANUFACTURE OF MANURE
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Pickford at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th August
1858.
I, THOMAS PICKFORD, of Mark Lane, in the City of London, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PREPARATION AND MANUFACTURE OF MANURE," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in treating fish and marine and other animals or
animal matter, seaweed, &c., with diluted sulphuric or other acid, in pans
or tanks lined with lead, and steam injected so that it is boiled under pressure;
also mixing with the same blood in its natural state or dried, and also boiling
or mixing therewith Sombrero phosphates or crust guano from the Sombrero
island; also boiling or mixing the Sombrero phosphate guano with ammoniacal
liquor or ammoniacal refuse from the gasworks, made in the process of refining
or purifying gas; also mixing with the Sombrero phosphate guano, bone or
gas sulphates of ammonia, in solution or otherwise, with sulphuric acid, and
as dryers to use gypsum; also in the before-mentioned boiling process under
pressure, collecting the fatty or oily products and all gasses arising during
boiling under pressure or otherwise to be passed through chambers or chests
filled with animal charcoal or other disinfectants, then into the furnace, so
that no smell or other nuisance shall be caused thereby. Peat or bog ash or
charcoal may be used, if required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR COMBING WOOL & OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Barnett Joyce, John Cure,
Joseph Boyes, and Jonathan Clough at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 11th August 1858.
We, JOHN BARNETT JOYCE, St. Dunstan's Works, Conway Street, Bradford,
JOHN CURE, JOSEPH BOYES, & JONATHAN CLOUGH, of the firm of Cure & Co.,
Wool Combers, Ebenezer Mill, Mill Lane, Bradford, Yorkshire, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR COMBING WOOL & OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as
follows:-
Our improvements relate to wool combing, and consist in the use of a cam
or other mechanical means for the purpose of bringing the swift towards the
cam; this cam has a continuous rotatory motion and brings the swift up to the
feed rollers of the machine, detaining it there while the combs which are
placed on the swift are filled; the cam then pushes the swift on the slides to
the travelling comb, and detains it there while the combs which are on the
swift are emptied. This cam is worked by power, also the swift is worked by
the same means, while at the feed rollers, but not while it is at the travelling
comb, being reversed or turned in the contrary direction by hand, thus making
it a hand transfer.
For the purpose of more clearly shewing the nature of our proposed im-
provements, we have hereto appended a Drawing delineating one mode of

page_text: carrying out our Invention. The cam marked H on the Drawing, or other
suitable means which we employ, has a continuous rotatory motion, and brings
the swift C, C, up to the pair of feed rollers B, B, and after detaining it there
while the combs D, D, D, D; D, are filled, pushes the swift to the travelling
comb I, retaining it there while the combs are emptied ; the swift being turned
in the direction of the arrow by hand, and the wool being deposited on the
travelling comb I. A being a part of the frame of a wool combing machine;
B, B, are a pair of feed rollers, above alluded to, which deliver the wool to the
comb heads D, D, D, D, D, placed on the swift C. The swift being carried by
a pair of slides E; to the slides is attached the connecting rod F, at the end
of the rod are the two friction rollers, one working in the slide G, which keeps
it in its horizontal position, the other works in the cam H.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTIVE POWER ENGINES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Johan Ernst Fridrich Luedeke
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th November 1858.
I, JOHAN ERNST FRIDRICH LUEDEKE, of Marke, in the Kingdom of Hanover,
and of Chipping Norton, in the County of Oxford, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTIVE POWER ENGINES,"
to be as follows:-
My improvements in motive power engines relate to engines in which
I employ the power of magnetisn to sustain a column or columns of fluid in a
chamber or chambers, and above its natural level in a reservoir below. For
this purpose I use steel magnets somewhat of the ordinary form, and support
them at a suitable elevation above the reservoir containing the fluid, and with
their poles within the chamber in which the column of fluid is sustained.
In one arrangement I form a number of small openings with upturned
orifices in the lower part of the column of liquid, at which air has free ingress,
and which ascends thence in the column of fluid, and by interposing the
buckets of a wheel in an inverted position (the whole being immersed in the
fluid) the air displaces the fluid in the buckets, and so produces an ascending
power which gives rotation to the wheel. The air escapes freely from the
buckets as they rise to their highest position, and as they become inverted.
The poles of the magnets are immersed in the fluid, around which the chamber
is open, and whereby the air has free escape from the fluid.
In another arrangement I mount a number of small cylinders of wood, or

page_text: other suitable material, on endless chains mounted on wheels, like a Jacob's
ladder; the one, & ascending part of the chains, is in the column of fluid, while
the descending part is in the open air. The lower wheels are immersed in
the vessel containing fluid below the standing column, while the upper ones
are at a suitable elevation above it. The column of the fluid is sustained by
magnets, as before, and the displacement of the cylinders of wood in the
column of fluid produces an ascending power, and communicates-motion to the
chain wheels, from the axis of which the power is derived. In this arrange-
ment I employ mercury as the column of fluid, and interpose metallized
substance of a gummy or india-rubber consistency, which is in two parts, and
divides to allow the wood cylinders to pass through when they exert the force
necessary. This metallized substance completes and maintains the necessary
contract and adhesion of attraction to communicate the power of the magnets
to the column of fluid; it also envelopes the cylinder while passing through,
and prevents the ingress of air thereby. The columns of fluid dip in their
respective basins or. reservoirs below, into which the fluid descends if the
magnetic power is withdrawn. Mercury, or water holding metal in solution,
or other metallized fluid, may be used for these purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRUSSES
Year: 1858

page_text: www ou goven
Cite
prescrived
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Allembert Yardin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
April 1858.
I, PETER ALLEMBERT YARDIN, of Moorgate Street, in the City of London,
Truss Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TRUSSES," to be as follows:-
My said improvements consist in superseding the necessity of employing
metal springs for the belts or straps of trusses, in preparing the cushions or
pads so as to be elastic by an application of spiral springs, or by inflation with
air, or in elongating the pads for particular cases of hernia, and in attaching
the pads when required by elastic bands or other suitable straps.
The main straps or belts consist of strong leather, principally covered with
sheep skin, seamed along the outside of the belt, or are covered with cloth and
padded inside, the thigh straps being of a thinner leather covered with wash
leather. The cushions or pads are made with one, two, or more spiral springs
inside, or may consist of a vulcanized india-rubber bag to be inflated with air, or
for some applications, pads in common use may be attached by elastic or other
like straps. The moveable straps are variously attached by buttons or metal
studs to enter holes pierced in the straps, or like means for easy attachment
or removal. In the construction of double paupes straps, the cushions are
elongated, stuffed with wool, and covered with wash leather; and in purse

page_text: straps I apply two small cross straps and two lesser back straps, attaching the
whole to a strong covered main leather strap. In other straps or belly bands
the main band has on its front surface an external strap, adjustable by a
pierced strap and buckle or hook at one end, and a lower strap fastened at its
centre to the main strap, & terminates in two pierced adjustable straps.
IMPROVING THE FORM OF BANKERS' CHEQUES AND OTHER SIMILAR DOCUMENTS WITH THE VIEW OF PREVENTING FRAUDULENT DEALINGS THEREWITH
Year: 1858

page_text: ԶՈՆՏԱ
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Fearncombe Chorley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th July 1858.
I, THOMAS FEARNCOMBE CHORLEY, of 9, Cottage Place, City Road, in the
County of Middlesex, Solicitor, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVING THE FORM OF BANKERS' CHEQUES AND OTHER SIMILAR
DOCUMENTS WITH THE VIEW OF PREVENTING FRAUDULENT DEALINGS THEREWITH,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in making an addition to the form of bankers
cheques and other similar documents at present in use, of a part on which the
words "uncrossed cheque" are intended to be engraved or printed. If the
drawer or the holder intends that the cheque shall only be paid through a bank
he will merely have to tear off this portion of the cheque and the cheque
should then become payable only through a bank in the same manner as if it
were crossed with the words "and company." If it be intended that the
cheque shall be payable to the bearer this portion should be retained. To
facilitate the process the part on which the words "uncrossed cheque" are
intended to be engraved or printed may be perforated in any suitable manner.
This Invention, with slight modifications, is also applicable to other similar
documents, such as invoices, bills of lading, and other documents used in
commercial transactions.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF SIGNAL- LING ON RAILWAYS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Lang at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st June 1858.
I, JOSEPII LANG, of Calder Vale, Garstang, County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF SIGNAL-
LING ON RAILWAYS," to be as follows; and consists of the following arrange-
ments: First, I propose at certain distances along the line of railway, to lix, by
means of uprights, certain horizontal levers which vibrate with a slight force;
these levers are connected by means of pullies and cords with each other, and
also with a bell, or gong, or other sounding instrument, at the stations along
the line of railroad; the levers are placed or suspended at such a height, that
a stud fixed upon the chimney or other part of the engine will strike them,
cause them to vibrate, and thence, by means of pullies, cords, and other
levers act upon the bell at the station, indicating to those in the latter that the
engine has passed a particular point. The intermediate communication
between the signal and the station may either be above ground or underneath.
When the station-master, or any one at the station wishes to communicate
with the engine-driver when the train is in motion, he effects it by actuating
upon a vibrating lever suspended at any part of the railway, and communi-
cating by means of cords, pullies, and other levers with the station; the lever
is so arranged and balanced, that at the will of the operator it can be brought

page_text: into such a position as to act upon a key which is attached in a peculiar way
to the whistle of the engine, and by liberating it, cause the whistle to act at
the moment it passes the point and draw the attention of the driver. These
levers can be arranged at as many points as may be thought necessary and
capable of being put into position for acting upon the whistle, not only by the
station-masters but by others along the line.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAPSULES, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Betts at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th- July
1858.
I, WILLIAM BETTS, of Wharf Road, City Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Capsule Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAPSULES, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO
BE EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in the manufacture of capsules, and in the
apparatus to be employed therein, is as follows:-The ordinary metallic
capsules are made of a flexible metal, so that when placed over the top of a
bottle, they can be pressed by a cord into the unevenesses of the neck of the
bottle, and cannot readily be removed without destruction.
In my improved capsules I first make them considerably stouter than
ordinary capsules, and I then take a mould having on it a male screw of the
same size as a screw formed on the neck of a bottle, to which it is intended
to apply the improved capsule, the capsule being placed on this screw mould;
the mould and capsule are then by suitable means caused to rotate, and at
the same time by the action of the screw moved in a lateral direction; a small
disc is then pressed against the capsule, which forces it into the indentations
of the screw mould, and at the same time embosses the raised portions of the
screw, and a stiff screw capsule is then formed.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clement Beatson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
March 1858.
I, WILLIAM CLEMENT BEATSON, of Masbro', in the County of York, Glass
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of glass
bottles; for these purposes a pair of dies is used in order to form the lips or
rims on the ends of the necks of such bottles, one of the dies being fixed and
the other moveable. The interior of the dies at one end corresponds in
diameter and form with the finished necks of the bottles; the other parts of the
dies are of larger diameter and correspond with the diameter of the rims or
lips desired to be produced to the bottles; a ram or presser is fitted to slide in
the larger parts of the dies, and on the end of the ram or presser is a cone
suitable for entering into the neck and for pressing the plastic glass outwards
at the same time that the end of the ram or presser is forcing back the glass
at the end of the neck. The ram or presser and also the moveable die are
acted on by a lever handle, on the axis of which are two arms, one of which
is arranged to act on a lever which is connected to the moveable die by links

page_text: or straps so as to close the dies. The other arm then comes into action on
the ram and causes it to press back the glass, and at the same time by the
cone at the end of the ram to extend the glass in such manner as to form a lip
or rim of that portion of the glass which protrudes into the larger diameter of
the dies.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING AND FORMING ENVELOPES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Pidding at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th July
1858.
I, WILLIAM PIDDING, of Southwark Bridge Road, Southwark, in the County
of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING AND FORMING ENVELOPES," to be as follows:-
I seal with wax or like compound the outside of the ends of the tongues or
overlapping portions of envelopes without connecting them by means of such
sealing wax with the remaining portion of the envelopes, the result being that
when the envelopes are closed and adhered with any adhesive substance in the
ordinary way, they appear to be sealed with wax, and are more secure
than when they are only adhered in the usual way, because when the adhesive
substance becomes dry the sealing wax immediately over it on the opposite
side of the paper or other material protects them by preventing any one opening
When the
the envelopes by subjecting them to the action of steam or water.
tongues of envelopes are partly hidden by the adhesive portions of them
being placed in an opening, or by being overlapped by another tongue, I
cause the sealing wax to be placed in such a position as will cause the
envelopes to appear sealed; but, as before explained, I do not connect the
tongues of the envelopes to the remaining portion of them by means of such
sealing wax.
In the former of the two cases last described, I place the sealing

page_text: wax or other like material on the envelopes and close to the opening where
the adhesive portion of the tongue is to enter, and in the latter of the two last-
described cases I place the sealing wax on the outside of the overlapping
portion of the envelopes, and which covers the adhesive portion of the ordinary
tongue of envelopes.
The Diagrams which will be deposited with my Complete Specification will
show the foregoing and following improvements.
Another improvement in envelopes is effected by forming them of two (or
more) pieces of paper, and adhering them together at or close to the edges
of three of their sides, also by adhering the overlapped sides of one piece
of paper to the other piece.
The chief object of forming envelopes of two pieces of paper is to reduce
their cost, as waste paper, can be partly or entirely used for their manu-
facture.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ARTICLES OF BUOYANCY, TO BE USED EITHER FOR SWIMMING OR FOR THE SAVING OF LIFE FROM DROWNING
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time. prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st March
1858. A communication from Pierre Mazard and Company, of Lyons,
in the Empire of France.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ARTICLES OF BUOYANCY, TO BE USED EITHER FOR SWIMMING OR
FOR THE SAVING OF LIFE FROM DROWNING," a communication from Pierre
Mazard & Company, of Lyons, in the Empire of France, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements upon waterproof swimming
dresses and belts, and consists in forming a hood upon the dress for the
purpose of protecting the head of the wearer. The only opening by which
the dress is entered is made in the lower part of the hood, and is closed or
drawn up tight underneath the chin or at the chest. An aperture is left in
the front of the hood so as not to impede the view of the wearer.
The improvement in the elastic swimming or safety belt consists in enclosing
pads of compressed cotton or other suitable buoyant material within an outer
casing or covering of strong cloth having suitable openings made therein for
the purpose of introducing the pads. By this means the deterioration of the
belt, by reason of the extreme tension to which it is subjected, is avoided.
These pads enclosed in outer casings or coverings of strong cloth are equally

page_text: applicable, when made of the required size and shape, to buoyant travelling
bags or boats, a counterpoise being fitted in the former case to the bottom of
the bag to keep its mouth upwards, the buoyant pads being fitted to the upper
part of the bag. In all cases I prefer that these coverings shall be white, for
the purpose of enabling them to be more distinctly seen when in the water.
In order to increase the propelling power of the swimmer, I propose to employ
paddles or small flat boards, to be fitted to the feet of the swimmer and
attached by cords to the body. A holder or socket may be carried at the
side of the swimmer, for the purpose of holding the butt end of a gun, whilst
the barrel is supported or held in a suitable spring catch fitted to a leather
strap encircling the head of the swimmer, by which means the gun can be
carried without in any way impeding the free action of the limbs.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS, FASTENINGS, OR SAFEGUARDS, MAKING THEM SELP-ACTING OR PARTIALLY SELF- ACTING
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Smith Wheatcroft and
James Newton Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 30th June 1858.
We, WILLIAM SMITH WHEATCROFT, Civil Engineer, and JAMES NEWTON
SMITH, Agent, both of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOCKS, FASTENINGS, OR SAFEGUARDS, MAKING THEM SELP-ACTING OR PARTIALLY SELF-
ACTING," to be as follows:-
This our Invention is peculiarly applicable to safes or receptacles for
treasure, but can be applied to office doors or doors of any description which
may be required or can be so arranged as to require opening at any stated
period of time; for instance, if the door be closed in the evening, to be opened
at any particular hour the next morning. Our Invention will enable the
proprietor or person in charge of the safe, room, or receptacle to adjust the
apparatus so as to allow the key to be applied to the lock, bolt, latch, or
fastener at that particular time and no other; or it may be arranged so as to
cause the door to open spontaneously, and thus be perfectly self-acting. We
accomplish the said object by placing in the interior of the safe or receptacle,
in connection with the inner side of the door, an apparatus acted upon by an
elastic spring or other similar power, worked in the same manner as the
movements of a timepiece, the working parts of which we connect to the
bolts of locks, or to simple catch bolts alone, or any other fastenings that may

page_text: be applied for the purpose of security. We apply a series of levers and
notches fixed in such positions as to be in connection with the fastenings or
bolts; and we also fix a dial or indicator, to be acted upon by the said
apparatus, the winding-up and setting of which will indicate the exact or
desired time of liberating the bolts or fastenings. Or it may be used merely
to close the aperture or key-hole, after the withdrawal of the key, until the
appointed time for it to be opened.