Improvements in Photographic Cameras and Magic Lanterns.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Sept., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 24th June, 1896-Accepted, 25th Sept., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Photographic Cameras and Magic Lanterns.
I, WILLIAM FRIESE-GREENE of 39 King's Road, Chelsea in the County of
London, Photographér, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
This invention relates to photographic cameras of the kind in which a series or
number of photographs or pictures are produced successively, upon a continuous
film or strip made to travel intermittently in the camera; the invention is also
applicable to magic lanterns of the kind in which a continuous slide in the form of
a strip or band of photographic or other transparencies is employed for the purpose
of producing panoramic, dissolving or changing views, or for throwing a number of。
views in succession upon a screen.
The object of the invention is to simplify the means by which the film or strip is
intermittently moved and in the case of cameras to effect as required either a
continued or an instantaneous exposure whilst the film is stationary. Means are
also provided for indicating the number of films or sections of film used and for
finding or selecting the view.
I will describe my invention as applied to a camera; which may be fitted in the
ordinary way with two rollers carrying the film its application to magic lanterns
of the kind referred to will be understood without further explanation. The wind up
roller is fitted as usual with a toothed wheel which is rotated by a handle through
the intermediation of another toothed wheel. This latter toothed wheel has the
teeth for a certain portion of its periphery cut away so that during a certain part
of the revolution of the handle the film is not moved. During this stationary period
of the film the exposure is effected by means of a cam or other arrangement worked
preferably off the handle spindle.
On the handle spindle I arrange one or more cams which by a suitable lever or
levers operate the shutter. I so arrange the cam which is to operate the shutter
that by stopping the handle at a certain point the shutter can be used as a time
shutter; whereas if the handle is continuously rotated the shutter acts instan-
taneously.
I prefer to use a double shutter arrangement to give the necessary_exposure.
When one cam and one lever are used I arrange them as follows:-The lever
moves the two shutters which are so arranged that the outer shutter covers the
aperture in the inner shutter. The two shutters thus travel together and there
is no exposure. A spring is suitably attached to each shutter so that when the
lever is released the shutter can be drawn quickly across the lens. The lever is
released from a notch in the outer shutter at a certain point, and this shutter then
flies back by force of the spring to its normal position. On the cam being further
rotated the aperture of the inner shutter is brought exactly opposite the lens and
will remain in this position until the cam be further rotated. When the cam is
further rotated the spring again acts and the exposure ceases.
In lieu of springs the shutters can be worked by gravity.
In order to indicate the number of films or sections of film used I place another
cam on the bandle spindle; this cam works a small dial by means of a suitable
lever, ratchet and pawl.
To adjust the focus or to select the view I insert preferably in the top of the
camera a piece of ruby glass, so that it is possible to see the image on the film itself.

page_text: This glass can be suitably protected by a metal or other cover to prevent its
being damaged. I also provide at the back another piece of red glass so as to
facilitate the inspection of the image. In using this part of my invention a piece
of red glass or non-actinic film must be inserted on the front or back of the lens.
Dated this 25th day of September 1895.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.
Improvements in Photographic Cameras and Magic Lanterns.
I, WILLIAM FRIESE-GREENE of 39 King's Road, Chelsea in the County of
London, Photographer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to photographic cameras of the kind in which a series or
number of photographs or pictures are produced successively, upon a continuous
film or strip made to travel intermittently in the camera; the invention is also
applicable to magic lanterns of the kind in which a continuous slide in the form of
a strip or band of photographic or other transparencies is employed for the purpose
of producing panoramic, dissolving or changing views, or for throwing a number of
views in succession upon a screen.
The object of this invention is to simplify the means by which the film or strip
is intermittently moved and in the case of cameras to effect as required either a
continued or an instantaneous exposure whilst the film is stationary. Means are
also provided for indicating the number of films or sections of films used and for
finding or selecting the view.
I will describe my invention as applied to a camera.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the camera with the box or case in section ;
Figure 2 is a section on the line X-Y of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a view of the shutter device looking towards the lens with the plate Z
partially broken away.
The camera may be fitted in the ordinary way with two rollers carrying the
film; its application to magic lanterns of the kind referred to will be understood
without further explanation. The wind up roller A is fitted as usual with a toothed
wheel B which is rotated by a handle C through the intermediation of another
toothed wheel D mounted on the spindle E. This last mentioned toothed wheel D
has the teeth for a certain portion of its periphery cut away so that during a
certain part of the revolution of the handle C the film F is not moved. During
this stationary period of the film the exposure is effected by means of a cam or
other arrangement, worked preferably off the handle spindle. This may be effected
as follows:
On the handle spindle E, I arrange a cam G having two steps H J which by a
suitable lever or levers operate the shutter. I so arrange the cam which is to operate
the shutter that by stopping the handle at a certain point the shutter can be used
as a time shutter whereas if the handle is continuously rotated the shutter acts
instantaneously.
I prefer to use a double shutter arrangement to give the necessary exposure.
When one cam and one lever are used I arrange them as follows:-The lever K
is operated by the cam G and moves the two shutters L M which are so
arranged that the inner shutter L covers the aperture N in the outer shutter M.
The two shutters travel together and there is no exposure as they thus travel.
Springs OP are attached to the shutters L M respectively so that when the lever K
is released by the cam G the shutters are drawn quickly across the lens. A pin K

page_text: on the end of the lever K is released from a notch R in the inner shutter Lat a
certain point by means of the projection S fixed to the side of the camera, and
this shutter then flies back by forces of the spring O to its normal position.
On the cam G being further rotated the lever K is released from the cam step H
and comes upon the cam step J which is so adjusted that the aperture of the outer
shutter M is brought exactly opposite the lens and will remain in this position until
the cam be further rotated. When the cam is further rotated the lever is released
from the cam step J and the spring acts on the shutter M and the exposure ceases..
In lieu of the springs the shutters can be worked by gravity.
In order to indicate the number of films used I place another cam T on the
spindle E of the handle C; this cam works a small dial by means of a suitable
lever V, pawl V₁ and ratchet V².
In order to indicate the sections of films used so as to tell where to cut the
film, I place a projection a on the toothed wheel D. At a certain point of its.
revolution the projection a comes into contact with a lever b which by means of
the pin c makes a notch or prick on the film F thus indicating exactly which part
of the film has been exposed. It is desirable that the film on the wind up and
wind off rollers be protected by shields d d.
To adjust the focus or to select the view I insert preferably in the top of the
camera in an aperture made for the purpose a piece of ruby glass e so that it is
possible to see the image on the film itself. This glass can be suitably protected
by a metal or other cover to prevent its being damaged. I also provide at the
back another piece of ruby glass so as to facilitate the inspection of the image.
In using this part of my invention a piece of red glass or non-actinic film must be
inserted in the front or back of the lens. By these means I am enabled to see the
photograph on the film itself thereby ensuring great accuracy.
In order to use the camera above described as a magic lantern the glass ƒ should
be removed and a suitable light applied to the aperture.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In photographic cameras and magic lanterns a toothed wheel in combination
with a wind off roller such toothed wheel having the teeth for a certain portion of
the periphery cut away whereby intermittent feed motion is imparted to the film
by the continuous motion of.a rotary spindle, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
2. In photographic cameras the combination of a double stepped cam and a lever
for operating the shutter so that the shutter may act either as a time shutter or
an instantaneous shutter at the will of the operator, substantially as described.
3. In photographic cameras the combination and arrangement on the same spindle
of means for imparting an intermittent motion to the film of means for indicating
the number of the film and means for indicating the parts of the film which have
been exposed substantially as described.
4. In photographic cameras, means substantially as described whereby the image
can be focussed on the film itself.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts whereby the same rotating spindle
imparts an intermittent motion to the film, operates the shutter either as a time
shutter or an instantaneous shutter and operates devices for indicating the number
of the film, substantially as described and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
D4h dow of June 1806
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.