IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SHAPING OR CUTTING NUTS BOLTS AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1885

page_text: and similar Articles.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON Fel. Inst. P.A. of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors 6, Lord Street, Liverpool in the County of Lancaster and
323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex Civil Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR
SHAPING OR CUTTING NUTS BOLTS AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES" (a communi-
cation from abroad by Johann Heinrich Mehrtens of Berlin in the Empire of
Germany, Civil Engineer) to be as follows:-
The construction herein described and shewn in Figs. 1 to 7 of the accompanying
drawings has for its object the construction of a machine for shaping each face of
square, hexagonal or other nuts, boltheads and the like simultaneously and
consequently perfectly true, and quickly.
The driving wheels are so arranged that the alternate spindles t rotate in opposite
directions which enables so-called "star" shaping tools with several cutting edges
and parallel teeth to be made use of Figs. 6 and 7.
These machines have a further advantage, in that they cut perfectly smooth faces,
the cuttings being able to fall away freely, which is not the case with machines of
the usual construction, having cutters of the construction shewn at Fig. 5. the
cuttings are apt to stick fast and cause rough surfaces.
The improved construction also admits of the use of finer teeth.
The cutters must have a greater diameter than that of the rough surfaces to be
shaped, and would therefore continually collide with each other if they all rotated
in the same direction. With the "star" shaping machines with several cutting
surfaces, and parallel teeth, this accident cannot occur, notwithstanding that they
are all affixed to spindles in the same plane as shewn in Fig. 6. because the
spindles t rotating to the right, alternate with those rotating to the left and cause
the angles of the cutters to intersect each other's circle of rotation without touching
each other.

page_text: Below the table b are fixed, say six shafts c upon which six conical toothed
wheels d gearing into each other are fixed. One of these shafts is prolonged and
serves as main driving wheel, as shewn at y Fig. 1.
To the opposite ends of the shafts are attached spur wheels e into which gear
the spur wheels e¹ of the spindles t. The spur wheels e are constructed much
wider than the corresponding wheels e¹ in order to admit of the advance of the
spindles without necessitating any other adjustment. f. f. Figs. 1 and 2 are tool
holders and cutters designed to remove automatically the ragged edges formed on
the points of the nuts on the descent of the rod h with the shaped nuts. Fig. 4.
shews the tool natural size. Fig. 2 g is the spindle for receiving and moving down
the nuts to be shaped. This is placed in an overhanging frame similar to the top
frame of a boring machine and is moved down in the well known manner; it
encloses the screw rod provided with two conical ends, passed through the nuts to
be shaped.
The lower end of this rod is placed before the shaping commences upon a
corresponding socket i on the footstep which slides within the three uprights l.
Fig. 3 is a cross section through these slides and shews the footstep from above.
On the sides of the footstep k are small projections p to which is attached a cord
or strap passing over 2 rolls m and fastened to counterweights at its other end n
which supply the necessary pressure for holding the footstep firmly against the
rod h.
By the lowering of the spindle g together with the rod h pressure is exercised
on the footstep k which causes it to sink and when it reaches the point x it is held
fast there by a weighted lever S. The rod with the finished screws is taken out,
the lever S being lifted whereon the footstep rises again. A fresh rod with rough
nuts is then placed in the spindle g, and let down on the footstep.
Fig. 2 shews a three armed guide piece with movable jaws devised to prevent
any vibration of the rod and to direct the surfaces to be shaped exactly to
the tools.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Shaping or Cutting Nuts, Bolts,
and similar Articles.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, Fel. Inst. P.A. of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, and
323 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention (a communication from abroad by Johann
Heinrich Mehrtens, of Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, Civil Engineer) and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The construction herein described and shewn in Figures 1 to 7 of the accom-
panying drawings has for its object the construction of a machine for shaping each
face of square, hexagonal or other nuts, bolt-heads and the like simultaneously and
consequently perfectly true and quickly.
The driving wheels are so arranged that the alternate spindles t rotate in opposite
directions which enables so called "star" shaping tools with several cutting edges
and parallel teeth to be made use of Figures 6 and 7.
These machines have a further advantage in that they cut perfectly smooth faces,
the cuttings being able to fall away freely, which is not the case with machines of
the usual construction, having cutters of the construction shewn at Figure 5 the
cuttings are apt to stick fast and cause rough surfaces.
The improved construction also admits of the use of finer teeth.
The cutters must have a greater diameter than that of the rough surfaces to be
shaped and would therefore continually collide with each other if they all rotated
in the saine direction. With the "star" shaping machines with several cutting
surfaces and parallel teeth, this accident cannot occur, notwithstanding that they
are all affixed to spindles in the same plane as shewn in Figure 6 because the
spindles t rotating to the right, alternate with those rotating to the left and cause
the angles of the cutters to intersect each other's circle of rotation without touching
each other.
Below the table b are fixed say six shafts c upon which six conical toothed
wheels d gearing into each other are fixed. One of these shafts is prolonged and
serves as main driving wheel as shewn at y Figure 1.
To the opposite ends of the shafts are attached spur wheels e into which gear the
spur wheels el of the spindles t. The spur wheels e are constructed much wider
than the corresponding wheels e¹ in order to admit of the advance of the spindles
without necessitating any other adjustment. f. f, Figures 1 and 2 are tool holders
and cutters designed to remove automatically the ragged edges formed on the
points of the nuts on the descent of the rod h with the shaped nuts. Figure 4
shews the tool natural size. Figure 2 g is the spindle for receiving and moving
down the nuts to be shaped. This is placed in an overhanging frame similar to
the top frame of a boring machine and is moved down in the well known manner;
it encloses the screw rod h provided with two conical ends passed through the nuts
to be shaped.

page_text: The lower end of this rod is placed before, the shaping commences upon a
corresponding socket i on the foot-step k which slides within the three uprights l.
Figure 3 is a cross section through these slides and shews the footstep from above.
On the sides, of the footstep k are small projections h to which is attached a cord
or strap passing over two rolls m and fastened to counterweights at its other end n
which supply the necessary pressure for holding the footstep firmly against the
rod h.
By the lowering of the spindle g together with the rod h pressure is exercised
on the footstep k, which causes it to sink, and when it reaches the point x it is held
fast there by a weighted lever S. The rod with the finished screws is taken out,
the lever S being lifted, whereon the footstep rises again. A fresh rod with rough
nuts is then placed in the spindle g, and let down on the footstep. Figure 2
shews a three armed guide piece with movable jaws devised to prevent any
vibration of the rod and to direct the surfaces to be shaped exactly to the tools.
When the machine is used for shaping bolt heads, the spindle g, is preferably
recessed so as to hold a sheath or clamp grasping the shank of the bolt firmly. An
additional support if required may be supplied by a bar corresponding to the
footstep and counterweighted in a similar manner.
This bar or spike terminates in a point which presses against the centre of the
bolt-head and assists in holding it firmly in its place.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated
to me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is
1. In machine for shaping or cutting nuts and the like, having multiple cutting
mechanism, the method of arranging the spindles placed radially in the same plane,
so that each spindle together with the cutter attached to it will rotate in the
opposite direction to that of the spindle on each side of it, the cutters being of such a
form that the circuits of their edges mutually intersect without the cutters touching
each other, substantially as described and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
2. The arrangement of scrapers below the cutter spindles for the purpose of
removing the rough edge remaining at each angle of the nut, whilst the same
is descending.
3. The supporting of the rod h by two holders g and k independent of each other,
the lower holder / being pressed against the rod ½ by means of a counterweight
in order to secure a gentle regular motion of the spindle with the nuts.
4000
Dated
Dated this 1st day
of January 1880.
WM P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.