Improvements in Cocks for Mixing Gas and Air.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 10th July, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Mar., 1891-Accepted, 25th Apr., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cocks for Mixing Gas and Air.
'
I, RICHARD GOEHDE, of No. 33, Osterstrasse, Hanover, Kingdom of
Prussia, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to cocks by which a mixture of gas and air (the latter
being either compressed or of atmospheric pressure), is produced for feeding
burners of heating-apparatus, and its object is to prevent explosions from occurring
in the cocks, the burners and the connections thereof, when the mixture issuing
from the burners is lit and when it is turned off.
If a mixture of gas and air liable to explode and issuing from a pipe, is ignited,
the flame will leap into the tube if the speed of the current of mixture is lower than
In burners of the
the speed with which combustion is propagated in the mixture.
said kind there should consequently always be a strong current so long as gas and
air pass in mixed state through the cocks and connections, and a throttling of the
current of mixture should neither take place when the burner is lit nor when it is
extinguished, as otherwise explosions are inevitable.
In order to avoid this throttling of the said current, I construct the cocks of the
burners in such manner that, when the cock is opened, the two fluids, viz. gas and
air, will not be turned on simultaneously, but one after the other, and that likewise
they will be turned off one after the other when the cock is closed. By these
means a strong current of an inexplosive fluid is produced in the cock and the other
parts previous to the formation of mixture when the burner is to be lit, while on
the other hand the current of mixture is first replaced by a current of a non-
explosive fluid when the burner is to be extinguished. It is ordinarily immaterial
which of the two fluids is turned off and on first. If it is the gas, the same may be
lit at once; if it is the air, it is of course necessary to wait for the gas mixing with
the air before ignition can take place.
The cocks designed to serve for the purpose set forth have two branches for the
separate induction of gas and air and one branch for the eduction of mixture, and
the induction orifices in the plug are so arranged relatively to the said branches
that, on turning the plug from its closing position forward, the orifice for the
admission of one fluid, say for gas, will be brought in register with the corre-
sponding branch first, and that it will remain open thereto while the plug is turned
further for establishing communication between the other induction-orifice and the
branch for the admission of air. In this case the gas is admitted first and shut off
last, while the air is admitted last and shut off first.
If it be desired that both the admission and the shutting-off of gas take place
first, the cock is provided with two plugs inserted one into the other, the inner one
being arranged to control the gas-inlet orifice of the outer plug and having a tappet
co-operating with shoulders on the latter, so that, after the orifice of the inner plug
has been brought into or out of register with the gas inlet-orifice of the outer plug,
both plugs will turn together.
For the purpose of securing a full current of one fluid before the other is caused
to enter, I provide the cock with a disengageable stopping-device, whereby the
plug is arrested during its rotation when it has arrived in the position in which the
fluid to be admitted first is turned on. The party handling the cock is thus
required to disengage the said device before the plug can be turned further, the
time necessary therefor being sufficient to allow a full current of the fluid admitted
first, to be obtained. If this fluid is the gas, the stoppage of the plug may be

page_text: brought about before the gas induction-branch of the cock has been opened
fully.
In view of causing the gas and air to mix properly, I arrange inside of the plug
a nozzle communicating with one of the induction-orifices and forming with the
inner wall of the plug an annular channel communicating with the other orifice.
This arrangement is a necessity if the air supplied to the cock is of atmospheric
pressure, as the same has in such case to be drawn in by the gas-current.
Dated the 10th day of July 1890.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cocks for Mixing Gas and Air.
1, RICHARD GOEHDE, of No. 33, Osterstrasse, Hanover, Kingdom of Prussia,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention relates to cocks by which a mixture of gas and air (the latter
being either compressed or of atmospheric pressure), is produced for feeding
burners of heating-apparatus and its object is to prevent explosions from occurring
in the cocks, the burners and the connections thereof, when the mixture issuing
from the burners is lit and when it is turned off.
If a mixture of gas and air liable to explode and issuing from a pipe, is ignited,
the flame will leap into the tube if the speed of the current of mixture is lower
than the speed with which combustion is propagated in the mixture. In burners of
the said kind there should consequently always be a strong current so long as gas
and air pass in mixed state through the cocks and connections, and a throttling of
the current of mixture should neither take place when the burner is lit nor when it
is extinguished, as otherwise explosions are inevitable.
In order to avoid this throttling of the said current, I construct the cocks of the
burners in such manner that, when the cock is opened, the two fluids, viz. gas and
air, will not be turned on simultaneously, but one after the other, and that likewise
they will be turned off one after the other when the cock is closed. By these
means a strong current of an inexplosive fluid is produced in the cock and the other
parts previous to the formation of mixture when the burner is to be lit, while on
the other hand the current of mixture is first replaced by a current of a non-
explosive fluid when the burner is to be extinguished. It is ordinarily immaterial
which of the two fluids is turned off and on first. If it is the gas, the same may be
lit at once; if it is the air, it is of course necessary to wait for the gas mixing with
the air before ignition can take place.
The cocks designed to serve for the purpose set forth have two branches for the
separate induction of gas and air and one branch for the eduction of mixture, and
the induction orifices in the plug are so arranged relatively to the said branches
that, on turning the plug from its closing position forward, the orifice for the
admission of one fluid, say for gas, will be brought in register with the corre
sponding branch first, and that it will remain open thereto while the plug is turned
further for establishing communication between the other induction-orifice and the
branch for the admission of air. In this case the gas is admitted first and shut
off last, while the air is admitted last and shut off first.
.
If it be desired that both the admission and the shutting-off of gas take place
first, the cock is provided with two plugs inserted one into the other, the inner one
being arranged to control the gas-inlet orifice of the outer plug and having a tappet
co-operating with shoulders on the latter, so that, after the orifice of the inner plug
has been brought into or out of register with the gas inlet orifice of the outer plug,
both plugs will turn together.

page_text: For the purpose of securing a full current of one fluid before the other is caused
to enter, I provide the cock with a disengageable stopping-device, whereby the
plug is arrested during its rotation when it has arrived in the position in which
the fluid to be admitted first, is turned on. The party handling the cock is thus
required to disengage the said device before the plug can be turned further, the
time necessary therefor being sufficient to allow a full current of the fluid admitted
first, to be obtained. If this fluid is the gas, the stoppage of the plug may
be brought about before the gas induction-branch of the cock has been opened
fully.
In view of causing the gas and air to mix properly, I arrange inside of the
plug a nozzle communicating with one of the induction-orifices and forming with
the inner wall of the plug an annular channel communicating with the other
orifice. This arrangement is a necessity if the air supplied to the cock is of
atmospheric pressure, as the same has in such case to be drawn in by the gas-
current.
In the annexed drawing Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a cock carried out
according to my invention and having a single plug. Fig. 2 is a top view thereof.
Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are sections on line 1--1, Fig. 1, showing the plug in three different
positions. Figs. 34, 44, and 54, are sections on line 2-2, Fig. 1, corresponding,
relatively to the positions of the plug, to the respective Figs. 3, 4, 5. Fig. 6 is a
sectional elevation and Fig. 7 a top-view of a cock with two plugs. Figs. 8, 9,
10, 11 are sections on line 3-3, Fig. 6 and Figs. 84, 94, 104, 114 sections on line 4-4,
representing the two plugs in different positions, the figures with the same numerals
corresponding to each other.
In the cock shown by Fig. 1, the shell a has two lateral induction branches de
and the eduction branch, while the plug has the lateral induction orifices d'e
and the eduction orifice f', the said orifices being adapted to register with the
respective branches. The orifice d' has a peripheral width which is greater than
the inner width of the branch d, and its position relatively to the aperture el is such
that the latter may be brought into and out of register with the branch e without
disturbing the communication between the orifice d and the branch d.
If the plug
thus arranged is in the position shown by Figs. 3 and 34, both orifices d' and e' are
closed. If the plug is turned into the position represented by Figs. 4 and 4^, the
orifice is open to the branch d, and one fluid, say gas, is admitted, whereas
orifice e¹ is still closed. If finally the plug is moved into the third position, Figs. 5
and 54, the orifice e¹ registers with the branch e and air is admitted in addition to
the gas, the branch d having remained open to the orifice d'. The stoppage of the
plug in the second position (Figs. 4, 4A and also Fig. 2) is attained by means of a
projection a formed on the rim of the shell a, and the arm h of the latch / h³
pivoted at to the handle g of the plug and maintained in operative position by
the spring, acting on an arm . is a thumb-plate by means whereof the latch
is disengaged. For stopping the plug in the same position when it is turned back-
ward, another projection, a, may be added to the projection a¹. «³ and are stops
for arresting the plug in its extreme positions. is the nozzle seated within the
plug, whereby the mixing of gas and air is promoted, and whereby the gas-current
is enabled to draw in air in case uncompressed air is employed, the said nozzle
being inserted into the transverse partition wall, and communicating at its inlet-
end with the upper cavity of the plug having the orifice d, while it forms with the
inner peripheral surface of the lower cavity the annular channel ;, communicating
with the orifice e¹.
61
In the cock having two plugs and shown by Figs. 6 and 7, the outer plug is, in
respect to the arrangement of the orifices d' and e, alike to the plug of the
described cock. Into its upper part is, however, inserted the plug e having the
orifice, which is of the same peripheral width as the orifice d¹.
the plug c has a tappet c', and the plug b' is provided in the path of the
with two shoulders 63 and 6³, Fig. 7. The handle y is fixed to the plug
c.
Moreover,
said tappet
When the

page_text: two plugs are in the position shown by Figs. 8, 8ª, the plug c closes the orifice d¹, so
that, though the latter be in register with the branch d, the admission of gas
(supposing the same to take place through the branch d) is intercepted. The
branche is closed by the plug . If now the plug c is turned in the direction of
arrowe, Fig. 9, orifice will be brought into register with orifice d¹, gas being
consequently admitted, while the air-inlet is still closed. If the plug is thereupon
turned further, the tappet c', pressing against the shoulder 2, will cause the plug b
to turn along with the plug c, and when both plugs have attained the position
Fig 10, the air inlet through branche is open as well as the gas-inlet. When the
cock is to be closed, the plug c, rotated in the direction of arrow y, first closes the
orifice d, as shown by Fig. 11, and then the tappet c', touching against the shoulder ½³,
causes the rotation of plug e to be transmitted to plug, whereby branch e is
closed again. Thus by means of this arrangement gas is turned on first and shut
off* first.
The described effects are obtained whether the plug c is stopped in the inter-
mediate positions or whether it is not stopped, provided only that in the latter case
it be turned slowly. But, for the purpose hereinbefore stated, it is preferred to
provide the double-plug cock with means alike to those described with reference to
Figs. 1 and 2, for arresting the plug c in the intermediate positions. These means
consist, as shown by Figs. 6 and 7, in the two shoulders a' a co-operating with
the latch, the shoulder a serving to stop the plug when, during its forward
motion, it has arrived in the position shown by Fig. 9, while the shoulder a² stops
the plug when, on being turned backward, it has attained the position shown by
Fig. 1. and a are again the shoulders that cause the stoppage of rotation when
the plug is in either of its end-positions.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A cock consisting in a shell a and a plug b, the shell having two lateral
induction-branches de and the plug having two lateral induction-orifices de¹
adapted to register with the respective branches de; the branch d and the orifice d¹
having such relative peripheral width and the orifices del being so arranged
relatively to the branches de that, when the plug is turned for opening the cock,
communication will first be established between the branch and the orifice d',
while the branche and the orifice e are still out of register with each other, and
that, on turning the plug further, the orifice el will be put in communication
with the branch e, while orifice d' remains open to branch d, substantially as
described.
2. A cock consisting in a shell a and two plugs b, c, the shell having two lateral
induction-branches e, the plug having the induction orifices del adapted to
register with the respective branches de; the branch and the orifice having
such relative peripheral width, and the orifices d'e¹ being so arranged, relatively
to the branches de, that the branch e and orifice e' may be brought into and out
of register with each other without disturbing the communication between the
branch d and orifice d' and the plug e being inserted into the plug and having an
orifice d, adapted to register with the orifice d', and a tappet c', while the plug b
is provided with two shoulders being in the path of and co-operating with
the said tappet, substantially as specified.
e,
3. A cock consisting in a shell a having the lateral induction-branches d
and a
plug having the lateral induction orifices d' e', the transverse partition-wall and
an inside nozzle i seated in the partition-wall and communicating with the orifice d'
and forming with the wall of the plug the annular channel j, which communicates
with the orifice e', substantially as described.
4. In a cock the combination, with the shell and a plug, of a disengageable
spring-controlled latch connected to one of the said parts, and a stop formed on the

page_text: other part in such position that, by the co-operation of the latch and the stop,
the plug will, during its rotation, be stopped at a certain point of its course,
and that, subsequent to the disengagement of the latch, it may be turned further,
substantially as specified.
Dated the Twenty-eighth day of February 1891.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.