matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPHIC APPARATUS, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stephen Mitchell Yeates at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd December 1874.
I, STEPHEN MITCHELL YEATES, of 2, Grafton Street, in the City of
Dublin, Optician, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPHIC APPARATUS, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
•
My Invention consists in improvements in telegraphic apparatus,
partly applicable to other purposes. I improve the method of con-
structing alphabetical telegraphs by means of which the commutator or
transmittor can be worked backward or forward at pleasure. A tongue
of gold, platinum, or any other metal is made to play between two points
and brought into contact with either at will by turning the handle to
the right or left. A toothed wheel acting on a fly by means of a pinion
is so fixed to the vibrating tongue that it prolongs the contact and
thereby ensures better electrical contact.
I construct the commutator for working backward and forward. A
wheel is fixed under the dial of the transmitter and fast to the handle,
so that moving the handle right or left causes the wheel to move in the

page_text: same direction; in the edge of the wheel there are 28 or any other
number of steel pins, corresponding to the number of contacts required;
a blade of thin steel is placed diagonally between two of these pins and
attached to a long lever, one end of which has a joint that acts as a
fulcrum, the other end is prolonged and terminates in a spring playing
between two contact pins, so that when the handle of the commutator is
turned to the right one of the pins in the wheel slides along one side of
the diagonal blade and causes the lever to move towards the right hand
contact pin, and when turned towards the left the other side of the
diagonal blade is acted on, and contact is made with the left hand
contact pin. I construct an improved receiving instrument, in which
the hand or index moves backwards or forward at will; in this the
index is moved by an impelment, and is acted on by either one or two
electro-magnets, a positive current causing the index to move in one
direction and a negative current causing it to move in the opposite
direction, or the index may be moved by a spring and train of clockwork
with an escapement, the detent of which is made of a rocking pinion
having on its axis a small wheel and placed between two contrite or
bevel wheels and attached to the armature of an electro-magnet, so that
when the armaturo is attracted by a positive current the centre wheel
gears into one of the bevil wheels and moves the index in one direction,
and when the armature is acted on by a negative current the pinion
with the centre wheel is drawn to the opposite side and gears in the
other bevil wheel, thereby causing the index also to move in the
opposite direction.
These arrangements are applicable to indicate the position and move-
ments in either direction of any axis at a distance, sav. for example, the
A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CHECKING THE NUMBER AND AMOUNT OF PLEDGES DELIVERED BY PAWNBROKERS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Copland Brockbank at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd September 1874.
I, JOHN COPLAND BROCKBANK, of 5, Southampton Buildings, Holborn,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CHECKING
THE NUMBER AND AMOUNT OF PLEDGES DELIVERED BY PAWNBROKERS," to be as
follows:
This Invention consists in a new and improved method and apparatus
for checking the number and amount of pledges delivered by pawn-
brokers within a certain time.
The following is an example of my said Invention:-In a counter or
table and over a drawer I cut a slot or opening of such a size as to allow
the pawnbroker or his assistant to pass the tickets of a redeemed pledge.
The said slot or opening is kept closed by means of a slide held in
position by a spring. This slide may be drawn back by any suitable
means to allow the passage of the tickets aforesaid, and is connected
with a counting apparatus, which apparatus is composed of a series of

page_text: wheels and pinions gearing suitably with each other, and giving motion
to hands working on dials where units, tens, and hundreds of tickets
which have passed through the slot or opening aforesaid are registered.
The counting apparatus is also furnished with a bell which is made to
strike by the action of the slide aforesaid.
By the above improved method and apparatus fraud by pawnbrokers'
assistants is reduced to a minimum as upon the master taking the old
tickets from the drawer the number of such tickets must correspond
with the registered number on the dials, as the assistant has no
advantage in putting in more than one ticket at a time.
1.
And in order to see at a glance the gross amount taken for redeemed
pledges exclusive of interest I divide a table or board in, columns
representing respectively divisions of the shilling, the pound, and
multiple of the pound. Each of these columns is in its turn divided in
partitions where units, tens, hundreds, of the values represented by each
of them are shewn; these partitions have an opening through which may
be seen the numbers of the units, tens, and hundreds, which are produced
in the following way. Behind the board and openings aforesaid are
placed rollers or drums on which are marked units, tens, hundreds, and
are put in motion by the action of wheels and pinions gearing suitably
with each other. The wheel which actuates the drum which represents
the units is caused to move by a pawl or lever depressed by hand.
When the said drum has moved ten times this number is registered by
the drum of the tens placed over it, and in the same manner by the
drum of the hundreds. For example if a sum of £2 38. 6d. has been
received, the person receiving this sum will depress the lever of the
column marked 2 pounds, the lever of the column marked 3 shillings,
and the lever of the column marked 6 pence.
7.4
IT
.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN APPARATUS FOR STOPPERING BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING GASEOUS AND AËRATED LIQUIDS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Wright at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
May 1874.
I, FREDERICK WRIGHT, of Yarm Street, Yarm Lane, Stockton-on-
5 Tees, in the County of Durham, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN APPARATUS FOR STOPPERING BOTTLES
FOR CONTAINING GASEOUS AND AËRATED LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the construction of a stopper for stoppering
bottles for containing gaseous and aërated liquids, and in the method of
employing the same so as to effect the desired object with great
simplicity. The body of the stopper consists of a small straight plug_
formed of glass, pot, wood, or any other suitable material. An india-
rubber ring or washer is placed round the centre of the plug, the same
being kept in the desired position by means of two collars constructed
of any suitable material, and either placed on the plug or forming part
thereof, and beyond which the india-rubber ring or washer projects. The
interior of the neck of the bottle should be formed with a flat seat

page_text: therein, so that when the washer is inserted the ring or washer will be
forced against the same by the pressure of the gas or air contained in
the bottle and thereby effectually exclude the external air. The stopper
is reversible and may be inserted from either end in the neck of the
bottle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF LOCKING DRAGS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Shanks at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
March 1874.
I, FREDERICK SHANKS, of Great Queen Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Carriage Builder and Harness Maker, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF LOCKING
DRAGS," to be as follows:-
This Invention is for the purpose of enabling a drag to be turned in
a shorter space than is commonly done without altering the character or
design of the drag. It consists in attaching to the centre of the back
side of the bottom bed and projecting therefrom underneath and in
line with the perch a short arm, so that the perch bolt instead of
passing through the bed and axletree as heretofore passes through the
perch and the said arm behind the axletree, thereby giving a cranked
or eccentric motion to the wheels, and enabling them to be turned
further round before coming in contact with the body of the drag.
1 N
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SEWING MACHINES, AND IN THE MODE OF ACTUATING THE SAME
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Colborne at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th June
1874.
I, JOHN COLBORNE, of Park Place, St. James's Street, in the County
of Middlesex, Major Honble, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SEWING MACHINES, AND
IN THE MODE OF ACTUATING THE SAME," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
My Invention has for its object a simple form of construction for
sewing machines, in which clockwork or other power is employed to
give motion direct to the needle through the intervention of mechanism
similar to an ordinary escapement and pallet motion, so as to transmit
the maintaining force of the spring, descending weight, or otherwise at
once to the spindle or other moving parts of sewing machinery, and
thereby render the operation of sewing more simple and at the same
time self-acting, and consists in enclosing the going barrel within the
bed or plinth of the apparatus, and connecting the same through the
medium of a fusee and chain or other intermediate gear direct to the
-

page_text: working parts thereof, so that on the machine being wound up by a key,
and set in motion by a releasing catch the full power of the spring will
be caused to act at once upon the needle, and maintain it in motion for
a greater length of time then when acting upon the heavy and expensive
mechanism at present in use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Longworth and Francis
Lloyd Jones at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 3rd October 1874.
We, THOMAS LONGWORTH, Cotton Manufacturer, and FRANCIS LLOYD
JONES, Mill Manager, both of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
:-
This Invention relates to further improvements in looms for which
Letters Patent were granted to us dated the Twenty-fifth day of January,
in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three,
and numbered 298. In the Specification of the said Patent certain
apparatus is described connected with the hammers, and which said
Invention generally has proved of great public utility and usefulness.
Our present improvements relate to the use of apparatus more especially
designed for use when large pattern or figured borders are to be woven.
We employ a number of rods or bars supported by grating, and each
rod or bar has a projection therein, which when the said rods or bars are

page_text: operated or moved by means of cards in turn operates or works the
levers connected with the harness of the loom. The card may be
applied to each end of the rods or bars aforesaid, or to one end only, the
return movement (in the latter case) of the rods or bars being secured
by means of weights or springs.
This Invention is applicable to the working or operating the double
quadrant levers used in connection with what is known as the "Black-
burn dobby," or the heald levers may be worked by means of a series
of pegs supported or carried in lags, the lags being operated by means of
levers, the pegs aforesaid acting directly on the heald levers according to
the pattern required. The pegs may be made of metal or wood; if of
wood, then they may be provided with metal tips.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAFF CUTTING MACHINES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Nayler at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
December 1874.
I, EDWARD NAYLER, of Dudley, in the County of Worcester,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAFF CUTTING MACHINES," to be as follows, that is
to say:
-
The object of my Invention is to effect a great saving of time and
labour in the use of chaff cutting machines, and to do this I dispense
with the fly wheel to which the knives are attached in other machines,
and in its place I use a roller of wood, wrought or cast iron, brass, or
other suitable material of the breadth required by the mouth of the
machine and of any required diameter. Upon this roller which faces the
mouth of the machine I attach one or more knives of the spiral shape,
covering the roller so that during the whole period of its revolution the
knives shall be in action.
To work the machine I use a large cog wheel working into a smaller

page_text: cog wheel which is fixed upon or forms part of the roller, and the large
cog wheel is turned by means of one or more handles attached thereto,
or if required it may be attached to steam power. The sides of the
mouth of the mouth of the machine are slightly curved to suit the
shape of the roller.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DOOR HANDLES, KNOBS, AND SPINDLES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Phinehas Edward Ayton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th September 1874.
I, PHINEHAS EDWARD AYTON, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DOOR HANDLES, KNOBS, AND SPINDLES," to be as follows,
that is to say :-
My Invention relates to certain improvements in handles, knobs, and
spindles, whereby they are capable of adjustment to suit the varying
thicknesses of doors, and the improvements are more especially applicable
to mortice and rim locks.
I employ the ordinary square spindle, to one end of which is secured
the one handle or knob, the other end of the spindle I form with screw
threads on the angles to obtain the adjustment, and to secure the second
handle or knob.
I form a metal collar or wheel screwed or tapped to fit the spindle, and
also having cogs or teeth upon its outer edge or perforations through the

page_text: rim of the collar or wheel. This collar or wheel is enclosed within or
kept up to the mount or seat of the handle or knob, either by a metal
plate fastened from the back of the collar or wheel to the mount or
seat, or the collar or wheel may be held in a groove in the mount or
seat, in which case the collar or wheel is formed as an eccentric, so that
a portion of its rim is always held within the groove. The mount or
seat of the handle or knob has a square hole through it made to fit the
square of the spindle and prevent the handle or knob turning upon the
spindle.
To move or regulate the collar or wheel upon the screw-thread angles
of the spindle in adjusting the handle to the thickness of a door, I form
a slot or opening in the seat or mount of the handle or knob which
exposes a portion of the wheel or collar, so that by means of any sharp
pointed instrument or hook inserted into the cogs or perforations of the
rim of the wheel or collar it] may be turned upon the spindle in either
direction, the handle following but not turning.
By the arrangement described the use of any loose parts to secure the
handle to the spindle is avoided.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOLLERS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adolf Fröhlich and Carl Steffen
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 17th April 1874.
We, the undersigned ADOLF FRÖHLICH and CARL STEFFEN, both of
Vienna, in Austria, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOLLERS," to be as follows:-
The object of the present Invention is the construction of an apparatus
to be combined with a steam boiler and to form part of the same, so that
perfectly dry or even superheated steam may be obtained from such
boiler.
The apparatus for producing dry or superheated steam as constructed
heretofore are more or less to be regarded as being a part of the steam
conduit between the generator and the engine. The steam is taken from
the generator in its wet state, a certain amount of water is generally
carried along with the steam mechanically, causing in extreme cases the
priming of the boiler; and the water thus contained in the steam, either
in solution or in suspension, is to be evaporated on its way to the
engine.

page_text: By our Invention we propose to take the steam in a dry state or even
superheated from the boiler itself. For the purpose we fit to the top of
the boiler a strong plate, into this we fix a number of tubes such as arc
used in multitubalar boilers, and to the top of the tubes we fix a hollow
vessel serving as a chamber for the dry steam. This whole arrangement
we enclose in the brickwork of the boiler in such a manner that the
combustion gases on their passage to the chimney will surround the
same and cause the evaporation of the water contained in the steam.
The tubes of course here mainly form the heating surface. The top of
the apparatus should be left projecting out of the brickwork so as to
facilitate the unscrewing of the cover and the examination of the
interior.
AN IMPROVED TELESCOPE
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin John Cuffley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th March 1874.
I, EDWIN JOHN CUFFLEY (known as West), of 234, Cornwall Road,
Kensington Park, Notting Hill, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED TELESCOPE," to
be as follows:-
The feature of novelty of my Invention is in the combination of a
microscope with part of telescope. To effect this purpose I procure an
ordinary microscope (without the mechanical stage, &c.); I then make
use of the end or lower half of a telescope of the same diameter; to fix
these two together I have a brass or other metal tubing of about 7 or
more inches long of sufficient diameter to receive the ends of microscope
and telescope. On the top of this tube I cut crossways in the middle an
opening, inside the tube below the opening I fix a 3 circle groove, which
groove and opening must be of sufficient width to receive lens of various
powers. I now slide the end of microscope into one end of the tube,
and into the other the front end of half telescope. On looking at

page_text: any object from the eye piece of microscope to regulate the sight I draw
out or push in the end of microscope from or to the len placed in the
centre, tube. I likewise regulate the telescope half until the object is
seen clear and large. Or instead of the two working in a tube they are
held together by means of a ratch and ratchet pins connected to the
outside of the circle groove, which is made of sufficient strength;
inside this groove I place the object len. I have a ratch of about 7 or
more inches long, centre of which I make fast to the right hand side of
the circle; I then have a rod (either round or square-edged) of the
same length made fast in the same manner to the correspondent side of :
circle between them; before the len I place the microscope, and behind
the len the telescope, having on their right side a slide, ratchet wheel,
and pin to correspond with the teeth of ratch; on the left side a loop is
made to slide over the plane bar, by turning the ratchet pin's head I
regulate the microscope and telescope. I also fix a handle or stand to
the bottom of the ¾ circle to hold the microscopic telescope.
The utility of my Invention; which I call a "microscopic telescope," is
that the telescope reflects the object on the centre len, whilst the
microscope magnifies the object so reflected, therefore I obtain unlimited
power of magnitude, even the smallest insect or object can be seen from
3 to 12 feet off. This advantage has never before obtained neither:
by microscope or telescope..
IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPE AND TRANSFERRING APPARATUS to BE USED IN THE PROCESS OF PRINTING, PRODUCING, TRANSFERRING, OR APPLYING LETTERS, DEVICES, AND DESIGNS UPON OR TO GLASS, CHINA, PORCELAIN, METALS, ENAMELLED OR POLISHED SURFACES, AND ARTICLES OF A FRAGILE CHARACTER
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Rowland Holyoake at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th October 1874.
I, WALTER ROWLAND HOLYOAKE, of Hayter House, Marylebone Road,
in the County of Middlesex, Artist, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPE AND TRANSFERRING APPARATUS to
BE USED IN THE PROCESS OF PRINTING, PRODUCING, TRANSFERRING, OR APPLYING
LETTERS, DEVICES, AND DESIGNS UPON OR TO GLASS, CHINA, PORCELAIN, METALS,
ENAMELLED OR POLISHED SURFACES, AND ARTICLES OF A FRAGILE CHARACTER," to
be as follows:-
I print, produce, transfer, or apply the desired lettering or pattern by
the use of an elastic or yielding type or transferring apparatus, and
herein-after termed "type," and the use of an ink or pigment or an
enamel suitable to the article or material upon or to which it is to be
applied; such article or material is herein-after termed "article." And I
manufacture the "type" by making it of any convenient substance or
material sufficiently elastic or yelding that when applied it may not
injuriously affect the "article," but possessing sufficient firmness to retain
the character of the letter or pattern without any or with but little sensible

page_text: alteration or injury. These qualities are evidently matters of degree
varying according to circumstances, but I contemplate producing the
type according to the circumstances in accordance with one or other of
the following methods, namely, by cutting out by hand or die from
leather, indian-rubber, gutta percha, papier machée, cartonpierre,
cardboard, cloth, flexible or textile fabric, bread, wax, or plastic
material, and cementing the cut out pieces upon indian-rubber, gelatine,
glue, or a compound of leather, glue, and molasses, or any suitable clastic
or flexible material, or by mounting the cut out pieces upon a hard or
rigid backing, rendering the same yielding by a cushion of springs or in
any convenient manner. Or sometimes by employing ordinary printing
type of wood or metal, or stereotype, or copper plates, and covering these
with a solution of gelatine, collodion, linoleum, goldbeater's skin, oiled
silk, zilonite, glue, elastic varnish, or any suitable glutinous substance,
cloth, or leather, and mounting upon a bed or backing or frame rendered.
yielding by a cushion of springs or in any convenient manner. And
sometimes the elastic or yelding quality of the type is increased at the
time of application or use by means of heat or steam.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR INDICATING AND RECORDING THE DISTANCE RUN BY SHIPS OR OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Feargus O'Connor Robinson at.
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd April 1874.
I, FEARGUS O'CONNOR ROBINSON, of the City of Manchester, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of tho said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR INDICATING AND RECORDING THE DISTANCE RUN BY SHIPS OR OTHER
VESSELS
"
-
The object of this Invention is the construction of an apparatus
to be attached to a ship or other vessel for the purpose of indicating
the distance run by such vessel, and to bo as a substitute for the
ship's log, which has periodically to be lifted out of the water in order
to ascertain the distance run.
Now this Invention consists by preference of a turbine mounted in a
metallic casing or tube open at both ends, and affixed to the keel or
other convenient part of the vessel, by preference, in a fore and aft
direction, and which turbine is connected by means of a shaft or spindle
with counting mechanism arranged in a dial case situated in any con-
venient position on the deck of the vessel.

page_text: The action of this apparatus is as follows:-When the vessel to which
it is affixed travels along the rush of water passing through the open-
ended casing or tube causes the turbine to revolve, and so imparts
motion to the counting mechanism which indicates the distance
travelled.
In another arrangement of my Invention I employ a fan or water
wheel with or without buckets instead of a turbine, as herein-before
described, but similarly mounted in a casing or tube in order to impart
a revolving motion to the shaft for actuating the indicating mechanism,
and thus I am enabled to indicate the entire distance run by a vessel
without loss of time on the part of the crew, and by employing a drum
worked by clock mechanism in contact with a pencil or marker
actuated by the counting mechanism. I also obtain upon paper carried
by such drum a record of the speed of the vessel at any or all hours of
the day or night.
the day or night.
I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to mounting
the turbine or far in a casing or tube, as herein-before described, as in
some case I prefer to dispense with such casing or tube.
A NEW AND IMPROVED HYDROSTATIC MOTOR
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Adrien Bonneville at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th December 1874.-A communication from Ernest Gaillet,
residing at Rue Cardinal Lemoine, Paris, France, Gentleman.
I, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, 18, Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED HYDROSTATIC MOTOR," com-
municated to me by Ernest Gaillet, a person resident at Rue Cardinal
Lemoine, Paris, France, Gentleman, to be as follows:-
-
The Invention relates to a new and improved hydrostatic motor, and
consists of a loose wheel mounted on a driving shaft, and to the periphery
of which a hollow jaunt or a circular tube is attached. The side half of
this hollow jaunt or tube is filled with a more or less dense liquid, whilst
in the other half a casing is enclosed filled with air and surrounded with
a thin layer of this same liquid. This casing is kept in position either
by a leaden weight inside the lower part of the hollow jaunt or tube, or
by magnetic attraction at the lower part, acting from the outside on a

page_text: piece of soft iron inside (to which the air casing is fixed), through the
wall of the hollow jaunt or tube. The weight of the liquid contained in
the half circle not being able to be counterbalanced by the weight of the
air in the casing in the other half circle, the said liquid always having a
tendency to descend carries the loose wheel with it and causes it to
rotate; but the casing which is kept in position prevents the liquid
from descending, so that the loose wheel to which the rotary motion bas
been given, and does not cease to be given, by the weight of the liquid,
continues to turn, the liquid being always kept stationary by the air
casing, which is itself kept in position, the hollow jaunt or tube sliding
over the liquid and the layer of liquid surrounding the casing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY ENGINES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Tomlinson Bousfield, of Sutton, in the
County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY
ENGINES." A communication from abroad by George de Brockofsky,
Scaled the 25th September 1874, and dated the 10th April 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Tomlinson
Bousfield at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 10th April 1874.
I, GEORGE TOMLINSON BOUSFIELD, of Sutton, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ROTARY ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in rotary engines. The
main shaft of the engine passes through the centre of the cylinder, the
joints being made steam-tight with stuffing boxes. The piston is keyed

page_text: always behind the piston and at least one pair of the slides being always
closed.
It is evident that the action of the engine can be reversed by opening
the passage, which in tho above description was used for the steam, to
the exhaust, and admitting the steam to the other passage. By the use
of a four-way cock this can readily be done. The steam and exhaust
pipes would be opposite to each other, the pipes to the spaces being on
the right and left, so that by turning the cock the steam can be admitted
to cither space, the other space being at the same time opened to the
exhaust.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REGENERATIVE FURNACES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATON left by Daniel Parry at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th October
1874.
I, DANIEL PARRY, of Holytown, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Manager of the Milnwood Iron Works, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for “ IMPROVEMENTS IN REGENERATIVE FURNACES,”
to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in regenerative furnaces,
has reference to that-class of those furnaces known as "Siemens," and its
object is to prevent the accumulation in the regenerators of slag, dust, or
other solid matters, which are carried over with the products of com-
bustion from the hearth.
The Invention consists in forming pockets or receptacles immediately
under the vertical air and gas flues, and in separating these from the
regenerators by means of bridges. The products of combustion passing

page_text: out through the gas flues emerge at the side thereof into vertical shafts
on the outside of the furnace, down which they pass into the regenerators.
The fronts of each side shaft is made movable, so that on taking it down
access is obtained to the pockets or receptacles, and the slag and solid
matters accumulated there are removed from time to time as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE POINTS, INCLINES, OR APPARATUS FOR TRANSFERRING TRAMWAY CARS OR CARRIAGES FROM ONE LINE TO ANOTHER
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Ward Jones at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th September 1874.
I, JOHN WARD JONES, of Holloway, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PORTABLE POINTS, INCLINES, OR APPARATUS FOR TRANSFERRING TRAMWAY CARS OR
CARRIAGES FROM ONE LINE TO ANOTHER," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in portable points,
inclines, or apparatus for transferring tramway cars or carriages from
one line of tramway to another, or to remove them from the tram rails
to the road. For this purpose I make a point or shoe of cast iron or
other metal the base of which fits into the groove of the tram rail, each
end of such base being formed with an incline projecting from the body
of the shoe or point. The projecting incline causes the flange of the
wheel to travel up into a groove formed in the shoe, the raised sides of
which widen or taper outwards to the other end of the shoc, the upper
surfaces of which are inclined downwards towards the rail and road,

page_text: By this means when a pair of such points or shoes are laid upon a
tramway and a tram car or carriage is drawn up on to them, it can be
readily transferred from the tram rails to either side owing to the
widening out of the groove or space formed between the raised edges of
the point or shoe. The widened groove also affords great facility for
conducting the flanges of the wheels into the tramway groove when it is
desired to place the car on the rails again.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COLOURING PAPER OR PASTEBOARD, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Barker at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st April
1874.
I, JAMES BARKER, of Benston, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain, Foreman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COLOURING PAPER OR PASTEBOARD, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention which relates to improvements in colouring paper or
pasteboard, consists of an arrangement or construction of mechanism by
which the colour after having been laid on the paper or pasteboard is
easily distributed thereon.
The paper or pasteboard is led or drawn through the machine by a
travelling web or blanket, and the colour distributing mechanism
consists of a series of brushes of spherical contour, which are suspended
from globular or ball-and-socket bearings in a framing, revolving
coaxially with but at a different speed from a spur wheel which gears
into and drives toothed pinions, one on the axis or shaft of each brush.

page_text: The shaft and bearings of each brush is arranged so that it can be
placed at any required degree of eccentricity with the axis of the driving
pinion, and as the mechanism revolves a compound motion of the brushes
results, so that whilst they revolve in a series around the axis of the
driving spur wheel each brush also revolves on its own axis, but
eccentricially to the axis of the pinion to which it is attached.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Townsend Kirkwood, of Cheltenham, in
the County of Gloucester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL."
Sealed the 8th June 1875, and dated the 29th December 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Townsend Kirk-
wood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 29th December 1874.
I, JOHN TOWNSEND KIRKWOOD, of Cheltenham, in the County of
Gloucester, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON. AND STEEL," to be as
follows:-
:-
These improvements consist in using and mixing peroxide of iron
or any other oxide of iron with the iron or steel contained in any
converter or other suitable vessel. And also at the same time, or at any

page_text: more convenient period, I introduce by pipe or duct into the mouth
of the converter or other suitable vessel containing the molten metal;
or by tuyeres or other suitable openings in the sides or back of the
converter or other suitable vessel which contains the metal, atmospheric
air, steam, or other gases or vapors mixed or unmixed with atmospheric t
air which impinge upon the surface of the slag and molten metal for the
purpose of the purifying the same.
The proportion of oxide of iron, peroxide, protoxide I prefer to usc
is about five to ten per cent., varying with the amount of impurities
in the metal to be treated, more especially having regard to the amount 1
of phosphorus in it. It may be used alone or mixed with other material
calculated to ensure more perfect action, for being by itself light the
difficulty is to prevent it floating to the surface before being mixed with
the hot metal.
A NEW OR IMPROVED INDELIBLE INK
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Garrett Tongue, of the Firm of Tongue
& Birkbeck, Patent Agents and Engineers, of 34, Southampton
Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, for tlic
Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED INDELIBLE INK."-A communi-
cation from abroad by Pierre Auguste Gaffard, Manufacturing
Chemist, of Paris, France.
Sealed the 23rd October 1874, and dated the 25th May 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Garrett Tongue
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 25th May 1874.
I, JOHN GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue & Birkbeck, Patent
5 Agents and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lanc,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED INDELIBLE INK," (communicated to me

page_text: from abroad by Pierre Auguste Gaffard, Manufacturing Chemist, of
Paris, France,) to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of a new indelible ink.
The process employed to obtain this ink is very simple, it consists of
diluting well separated carbon with a solution of an alkaline silicate,
such as silicate of potash, soda, or other silicate.
The following are the proportions of materials which in practice may
vary according to the nature of the agents employed, the Invention not
being confined to the said proportions:-
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Garrett Tongue in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 24th November 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue & Birkbeck, Patent Agents
and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give, and grant unto me, the said John Garrett Tongue, Her special
license that I, the said John Garrett Tongue, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Garrett Tongue,
my exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,

page_text: separated carbon diluted in an alkaline silicate, substantially in the
manner and for the purpose herein-before described.
:
In witness whereof, I, the said John Garrett Tongue, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN CIGARETTES AND CIGARS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Bennett Groves at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th February 1874.
I, THOMAS BENNETT GROVES, of Weymouth, in the County of Dorset,
› Pharmacist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN CIGARETTES AND CIGARS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in cigarettes and
cigars,
Much inconvenience is experienced by smokers from the hot ash
falling from cigarettes and cigars, and burning and injuring the surfaces
on which they fall. To obviate this I provide a mechanical support for
the ash by inserting into the cigar or cigarette one or more wires, strips
of metal, fibres of asbestos, or other incombustible material, such wire or
wires, strip or strips, being of any sectional figure or area, either straight,
woven, or twisted. Or in place of being inside the supporting materials
may surround the exterior of the cigar or cigarette as a network or coil
or otherwise.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANU- FACTURE OF ICE AND FOR OTHER REFRIGERATING PURPOSES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Mudge Marchant at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th June 1874.
I, ROBERT MUDGE MARCHANT, of Kirby Street, Hatton Garden, in
the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANU-
FACTURE OF ICE AND FOR OTHER REFRIGERATING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
1.2
My Invention has reference to the application and adaptation of what
I call the stage process of pumping for the purpose of compressing air
to any required pressure, such compressed air being afterwards allowed
to expand into the atmosphere so as to produce the necessary cold for
the manufacture of ice and for other refrigerating purposes. The
principle of producing cold by the expansion of compressed air is well
understood.
C
The stage process of pumping above referred to is fully described in
the Specifications of my Patents of 28th January 1869, No. 264, and
T
1000

page_text: For the purpose of adapting the said stage process to the manufacture
of ice or the production of cold as aforesaid, I construct the pumps of
three pieces (independently of the valves and ordinary connections), viz.,
the working barrels or pumps, the valve plate and the storage chamber;
and I adopt a special arrangement or construction of valve plate, that is
to say, the communication between the pumps and the storage chamber
is through valve passages in a valve plate which separates the pump and
chamber, so that all the connections are internal, and the only joints are
between the storage chamber and the valve plate above and between the
pumps and the valve plate below.
"
The compressed air having attained in the pumps the degree of
pressure which will produce what in the Specification of my Patent of
1870, I have termed the "white cloud " is allowed to expand into a
refrigerator, which I combine with the pumps or into a room or
apartment which it is required to cool.
My Invention further consists in the introduction between the pumps
and the refrigerator, or between the pumps and the room, of a filter or
chamber containing caustic soda, lime, or other suitable medium through
which the compressed air is caused to pass, and which will extract
.therefrom the moisture it contains, so that it may expand in a sufficiently
dry state for the production of any degree of cold required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL BOXES FOR PACKING SARDINES AND FOR SUCH LIKE USES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by François Lebacq at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th September 1874.
I, FRANÇOIS LEBACQ, of No. 60, Poland Street, Oxford Street, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL BOXES FOR PACKING
SARDINES AND FOR SUCH LIKE USES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to construct a box for containing
sardines and for such like uses from one piece of sheet metal without
any solder joint being required at the four side angles or corners. For
this purpose I take a rectangular sheet of metal (tin plate) of sufficient
width and length for forming the bottom and four sides of the box, and
with the corners of the sheet cut to a rounded form, and stamp the
sheet between dies to raise each of the four sides to an angle to the
central bottom, and at each of the angles where the sides meet one
another I shape the dies, so as to form the metal into folds. By
preference I shape part of the metal at each angle to a circular curve in
order to form the box with rounded corners or side angles, and on either

page_text: side of this curve I form a fold in the metal, as shewn at Figure 1 of
the Drawing hereunto annexed. The sheet of metal which has been
raised or stamped in this manner is then by means of another pair of
dies brought into the form of a box, the sides being brought at right
angles or nearly so to the bottom, and the metal at the corners folded
over in the manner shewn at Figure 2. The box when filled is covered
over with a lid, which is secured by solder in the usual manner.
In place of the folds at the corners being on the exterior they might
be made to come on the interior of the box.
A NEW OR IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE SEAT OR CHAIR, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE TABLES, BEDSTEADS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF FURNITURE,
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th October 1874.-A communication from abroad by Jean Benoit
Granjon, of Chatonnay (Isère), France, Locksmith.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in
the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE SEAT
OR CHAIR, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE TABLES, BEDSTEADS,
AND OTHER ARTICLES OF FURNITURE," a communication to me from abroad by
Jean Benoit Granjon, of Chatonnay (Isére), France, Locksmith, to be as
follows:-
This Invention is based upon the use of a nut or socketing piece
pierced with as many holes as it is desired to have feet to the stool,
chair, or other article. The upper part of this nut is made in the same
way as the lower, so as to receive as many sticks or rods of any suitable
material as may be required to support the actual seat.

page_text: Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing shows a pocket stool
embodying this Invention as set up, and Figure 2 the same closed and
placed in the case in which it is carried.
A indicates the nut or socketing piece; B, B', the legs and the supports
of the actual seat, which seat may be made of canvas or other flexible 5
material, and be simply slung upon the top of the upper rods B¹ by an
eyelet or ring at its ends or otherwise attached. The weight and the bulk
of this portable seat are very insignificant.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LADIES' DRESS IMPROVERS AND CRINOLINES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Crosbie Aitken Henderson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 11th April 1874.
I, JOHN CROSBIE AITKEN HENDERSON, of Manchester Buildings,
Golden Lane, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LADIES'
DRESS IMPROVERS AND CRINOLINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a method of manufacturing ladies' dress
improvers and crinolines. It has always been desirable that the shape
given to these articles should be permanently retained, and that they
should be very light while possessing sufficient firmness to give the
required support to the dress. Various materials have been used for
their manufacture, but none of them have been found satisfactory or
capable of imparting the above qualities to the dress improvers or
crinolines; but I have discovered that by the use of the materials and
method of manufacture herein described I am enabled to produce dress
improvers and crinolines which will be more comfortable to wear and
will have a better appearance than those heretofore made, and will be
more firm and durable and less costly.

page_text: In practising my Invention I use felt or matting, or plaited willow
or other wood, cane, rushes, or other fibrous vegetable material. This
material is used either alone or covered on one or both sides with calico,
merino, or other suitable woven fabric which will give it a better
appearance and increase its firmness; or I may use braid or other
trimming for the same purpose. The felt, matting, or plaited wood or
other material, either plain or covered as above described, is then cut in
pieces of suitable size and brought into the proper shape for a dress
improver or crinoline by sewing, moulding, blocking, or otherwise
shaping the same; or the wood, rushes, cane, or other vegetable fibrous
materials may be plaited into the required shape upon a block or
mould.
.
In some instances I apply to the matting or plaited or woven wood or
other material above described, glue, size, or other suitable adhesive
substance which will strengthen the material and prevent it getting out
of shape during the manufacture or wearing of the said dress improvers
or crinolines.
I wish it understood that my Invention does not relate to any peculiar
form or shape of the dress improvers or crinolines, as I make them of
the usual shape or of other and better shapes that would not be possible
with the ordinary materials..