IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING PHOSPHATES OF LIME
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan, F.C.S., of
54, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR
TREATING PHOSPHATES OF LIME."-A communication from abroad by
Victor François Léonard, Count Huyttens de Terbecq, residing at
Paris, in the Republic of France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Primerose
Howard Vaughan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with his Petition, on the 9th May 1874.
I, EDWARD PRIMEROSE HOWARD VAUGHAN, F.C.S., of 54, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND
APPARATUS FOR TREATING PHOSPHATES OF LIME," being a communication to
me from abroad by Victor François Léonard, Count Huyttens de Terbecq,
residing at Paris, in the Republic of France, to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide improved means and
apparatus for facilitating the extraction of the soluble constituents of
phosphates of lime and the conversion thereof into manure.

page_text: Attempts have been made (especially with low-class phosphates) to
treat the mineral in its uncrushed state by hydrochloric acid, which
dissolving out the phosphate and carbonate of lime leaves the gangue
intact, but this mode of treatment in connection with the apparatus now
in use has bitherto proved unsatisfactory on a working scale.
Figures 1, 2, of the accompanying Drawing represent in cross and
longitudinal section the improved dissolving apparatus, which forms part
of the present Invention.
a is a wooden skeleton cylinder or drum, into which the phosphates
are introduced by an opening in the top closed at will by the moveable
stave 6'. This drum, which revolves on a wooden axle b, b, resting on
the bearings c, c, is set in a trough d, d, mounted on the supports e, e.
f is a discharge orifice pierced in this trough, of sufficient diameter to
admit a scraper for the removal of the solid residues. The discs g, g, on
which are mounted the staves of the drum a, a, are pierced with any
required number of holes to facilitate the circulation of the liquid, and
h, h, are short spokes to enable the drum to be worked by the hand when
other suitable driving power cannot conveniently be applied.
The acid solution in the trough may be composed of fifty parts of
water to one hundred parts of commercial hydrochloric acid.
In the rotation of the drum the nodules of phosphate of lime rub
constantly against each other, and are thus freed from the sand and
earthy matters of their gangue, which fall to the bottom of the
trough.
The saturated liquor being drawn off the cleansing of the residues is
completed from time to time by washing with water, which is afterwards
used to dilute the fresh acid.
If intended for immediate use as manure the excess of acid is
neutralised by the addition of ammonia or potash continued until the
phosphate of lime begins to precipitate. Stored in this state the
phosphate of lime remains entirely soluble, and (whatever may be the
quality of the mineral from which it is extracted) constitutes as rich
a manure as that obtained from commercial phosphates of high
class.
To reduce the material to the sclid state while preserving its solubility
the solution is evaporated in cast-iron boilers heated from below and

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 9th November 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
PRIMEROSE HOWARD VAUGHAN, F.C.S., of 54, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-seventh
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan, Her
special licence that I, the said Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan, my executors, administrators,. and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND
APPARATUS FOR TREATING PHOSPHATES OF LIME," being a communication to
me from abroad by Victor François Léonard, Count Huyttens de Terbecq,
residing at Paris, in the Republic of France, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan, my exe-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office, within six calender months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to
the accompanying Drawings, that is to say:-
The object of this Invention is to provide improved means and
apparatus for facilitating the extraction of the soluble constituents of
phosphates of lime and the conversion thereof into manure,

page_text: Attempts have been made (especially with low-class phosphates) to
treat the mineral in its uncrushed state by hydrochloric acid, which dis-
solving out the phosphate and carbonate of lime leaves the gangue
intact, but this mode of treatment in connection with the apparatus
now in use has hitherto proved unsatisfactory on a working scale.
Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawings represent in cross and
longitudinal section the improved dissolving apparatus which forms part
of the present Invention.
.
a is a wooden skeleton cylinder or drum, into which the phosphates
are introduced by an opening in the top closed at will by the moveable
stave b¹. This drum, which revolves on a wooden axle b, b, resting on the
bearings c, c, is set in a trough d, d, mounted on the supports e, e.
f is a discharge orifice pierced in this trough of sufficient diameter to
admit a scraper for the removal of the solid residues. The discs g, g, on
which are mounted the staves of the drum a, a, are pierced with any
required number of holes x, x, to facilitate the circulation of the liquid,
and h, h, are short spokes to enable the drum to be worked by the hand
when other suitable driving power cannot conveniently be applied.
"
The acid solution in the trough may be composed of fifty parts of
water to one hundred parts of commercial hydrochloric acid..
In the rotation of the drum the nodules of phosphate of lime rub
constantly against each other, and are thus freed from the sand and
earthy matters of their gangue, which fall to the bottom of the
trough.
The saturated liquor being drawn off the cleansing of the residues is
completed from time to time by washing with water, which is afterwards
used to dilute the fresh.acid.
If intended for immediate use as manure the excess of acid is
neutralised by the addition of ammonia or potash continued until the
phosphate of lime begins to precipitate. Stored in this state the
phosphate of lime remains entirely soluble, and (whatever may be
the quality of the mineral from which it is extracted) constitutes as
rich a manure as that obtained from commercial phosphates of high
class.
To reduce the material to the solid state while preserving its solubility
the solution is evaporated in cast-iron boilers heated from below; and

page_text: into manure, substantially as herein set forth and shewn in the Figures
of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan,
have hereunto set my hand and scal, this Ninth day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.