IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR CARRYING MILK AND OTHER LIQUID ARTICLES OF FOOD FROM PLACE TO PLACE
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edgar John Gaskell and William Turner Jackson, both
of Wirral, in the County of Chester, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR CARRYING MILK AND OTHER LIQUID
ARTICLES OF FOOD FROM PLACE TO PLACE."
:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edgar John Gaskell. and
William Turner Jackson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
: 28th February, 1881.
EDGAR JOHN GASKELL and WILLIAM TURNER JACKSON, both of Wirral, in the
County of Chester. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR
CARRYING MILK AND OTHER LIQUID ARTICLES OF FOOD FROM PLACE TO
PLACE"
The carriage of milk in the ordinary tins is liable to the inconvenience that. if
the milk turns sour lactic, and other acids are liberated, which react on the tin
and iron, rapidly corroding the tins, and greatly injuring the quality of the milk.
Now our Invention consists in forming the receptacle of glass and encasing it in
a galvanized iron or other firm protecting casing, with india-rubber strips or bands
or other springy material between it and the glass to neutralize sudden shocks.
We may instead use tin, thin iron, or other canisters lined with vitreous enamel
unacted upon by lactic or butyric acid. The main principle being a vitreous
receptacle for the milk protected by an iron or other strong envelope in such
manner that the glass or vitreous material shall not be broken.
In practice we prefer to make the outer casing with two forms of opening, one
bolted so as to be undone when required to take the glass interior out or for repairs,
the other to cover the stopper and opening easily.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edgar John Gaskell and William Turner Jackson in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 27th August 1881.
EDGAR JOHN GASKELL and WILLIAM TURNER JACKSON, both of Wirral, in
the County of Chester. IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS
FOR CARRYING MILK AND OTHER LIQUID ARTICLES OF FOOD FROM PLACE TO
PLACE."
The carriage of milk in the ordinary tins is liable to the inconvenience that
if the milk turns sour lactic and other acids are liberated, which react on the
tin and iron, rapidly corroding the tins, and generally injuring the quality of the
milk.
Now our Invention consists in forming the receptacle of glass or vitreous
material, such as earthenware, and encasing it in a galvanized iron or other firm
protecting, casing, with india rubber strips or bands or other springy material
between the casing and the glass to neutralize sudden shocks. We may instead use
tin, thin iron, or other canisters lined with vitreous enamel, unacted upon by lactic
or butyric acid. The main principle being a vitreous receptacle for the milk
protected by an iron or other strong envelope in such manner that the glass or
vitreous material shall not be broken.
In practice we prefer to make the outer casing with two forms of opening, one s
bolted, so as to be undone when required to take the glass interior out or for repairs,
the other to cover the stopper and open easily.
In the Drawings we show a specimen canister with all our latest improvements.
Fig. 1, elevation; Fig. 2, sectional elevation; Fig. 3, plan.
A is the annular base plate with an india rubber washer B fixed to it. This base
plate can be made of malleable cast iron or of galvanized iron, the rubber washer
being cemented in with marine glue.
D is the base of the cylinder armed with two or more pins E, E, fitting into
sockets in A, so as to form a bayonet joint, a hinged hasp F keeping them securely
in position when D is turned round, so that E, E, shall fit into the sockets on A.
On this ring too I prefer to fix an india rubber washer G.
H is the handle ring of stout iron, also preferably guarded with rubber I, J, top
ring fitting over the bend of the jar and round the neck. This also is preferably
fitted with rubber ring K fitting against the neck of the canister. This top ring J
projects above the level of lid of the glass or pot canister, which however is free
to be removed from the metal top without the latter being disturbed; L is a
hinged cross piece with hoops M and rubber pad N to keep the lid down tight.
Pis the lid and the glass canister; R is wire work joining the rings D, H,
and J.
This wirework being fitted lightly on the rings the whole is "galvanized," thus
brazing it into a single piece or jar. The mode of action is as follows:-The bottom
plate A being laid on the ground the glass or pot canister Q is placed thereon, the
metal canister consisting of parts D, H, and J, and their accompaniments is placed
round it and turned round till the pins E, E, enter the sockets on A, when it is
securely locked in position by hasp F. The canister can now be filled with milk,
the lid P inserted, and the cross piece L placed across and hasped down. When
milk has to be poured out the piece L is thrown back and lid P removed without
disturbing the main case.
We do not of course bind ourselves to this form of canister, as in hot countries
it may be found desirable to place a layer of felt or other non-conductor between 5
the wire work and the jar; and of course instead of wire work, sheet iron, tin, or
other material can be substituted.

page_text: Having now described our Invention and the best mode known to us of carrying
it into effect we wish it to be understood that what we claim as new and as our
Invention protected under the Letters Patent is,―
First. The manufacture and application of the herein described apparatus for
carrying milk and other fluid articles of food from place to place, consisting of a
vitreous canister to contain the liquid food, surrounded by a tough metallic or
other casing, preferably armed with strips of elastic or yielding material between
the case and the vitreous canister to take off shocks.
Second. The special arrangement and construction of apparatus, substantially as
and for the purposes herein described and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edgar John Gaskell, for and on behalf of
myself and the said William Turner Jackson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty sixth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
EDGAR JOHN GASKELL. (L.S.)