Improvements in Ventilators and the like.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 11th July, 1890-Accepted, 16th Aug., 1890
AANDI RIN
DWALTAAMINI
AARDT I
Improvements in Ventilators and the like.
I, JOHN JONES of 40 Sidney Street, Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex, Builder, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to that class of ventilators, chimney cowls and the like
which are adapted to be revolved by the wind and have wings, fans, or the equivalent
inside for the purpose of causing or increasing the draught up the ventilating shaft or
chimney.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings
in which
Fig. 1 is a vertical section and
Fig. 2 is a cross section on the line a 6 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation and Fig. 4 a plan of a modified arrangement of the
internal vane or wing.
Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of a modification in the top of the cowls.
Like letters represent similar parts in these figures.
A is the supporting bracket which carries the glass or other ball B upon which the
cowl or head revolves. The tube C may be filled with oil while a cap D tends to
prevent the admission of dirt. E is a hollow cylinder preferably made of zinc, tin or
galvanized iron provided with the cross bar F to which is secured the bearing pin G
the lower end of which rests upon the ball B and thus supports the revolving portion
of the apparatus as will he well understood. At its upper end the cylinder E carries
a deflecting plate or flange H which however is external and does not interfere with
the interior of the cylinder which is entirely open at the end.
On its outside the cylinder E carries the curved vertical wings I and cups J all of
usual construction and the purpose of which is to cause the cowl to revolve. It must
however be particularly noted that whereas in revolving cowls of ordinary construction
a passage is formed from each of these wings to the interior of the cowl, in the present
case the cylinder E is intact and no communication is established between the interior
of the cylinder and these exterior wings and cups which are for the sole purpose of
revolving the cowl and have nothing to do with the interior. At its lower end the
cowl carries a cup-shaped flange K to the outside of which the lower ends of the external
wings are attached while the annular channel L makes what for practical purposes may
be described as an air-tight joint (as not enough air would pass through it to interfere
with the working of the cowl) with the fixed ring M which extends into the channel
as clearly shown in Fig. 1. The ring M is carried by a fixed cup-shaped flange N
corresponding in shape somewhat with the flange K of the cowl and secured to the
vertical air-shaft or flue O up which the air or smoke travels.
The interior of the cylinder E carries any suitable number of wings or fans P
adapted to act like a screw propeller upon the air or smoke within the cowl. These
wings are preferably arranged with an increasing pitch as they approach the top or
exit end of the cow! and are also by preference made narrower at the exit end to allow.
for expansion. The space Q between the cup flanges K and N permits of the collection
of air or gases so as to keep the wings P well supplied and the operation of the cowl
is simply that as it is driven round by the wind acting upon the external wings and
cups I and J the internal wings or fans Pact as propellers and draw the air
or gases from the space Q and the shaft O and expel them at the open top of the
cylinder E.
The apparatus as shown in the drawings is therefore complete as it stands but to
prevent rain, snow or hail, from entering the cowl in quantities I may fix at a suitable
A is the supporting bracket which carries the glass or other ball B upon which the
cowl or head revolves. The tube C may be filled with oil while a cap D tends to
prevent the admission of dirt. E is a hollow cylinder preferably made of zinc, tin or
galvanized iron provided with the cross bar F to which is secured the bearing pin G
the lower end of which rests upon the ball B and thus supports the revolving portion
of the apparatus as will he well understood. At its upper end the cylinder E carries
a deflecting plate or flange H which however is external and does not interfere with
the interior of the cylinder which is entirely open at the end.
On its outside the cylinder E carries the curved vertical wings I and cups J all of
usual construction and the purpose of which is to cause the cowl to revolve. It must
however be particularly noted that whereas in revolving cowls of ordinary construction
a passage is formed from each of these wings to the interior of the cowl, in the present
case the cylinder E is intact and no communication is established between the interior
of the cylinder and these exterior wings and cups which are for the sole purpose of
revolving the cowl and have nothing to do with the interior. At its lower end the
cowl carries a cup-shaped flange K to the outside of which the lower ends of the external
wings are attached while the annular channel L makes what for practical purposes may
be described as an air-tight joint (as not enough air would pass through it to interfere
with the working of the cowl) with the fixed ring M which extends into the channel
as clearly shown in Fig. 1. The ring M is carried by a fixed cup-shaped flange N
corresponding in shape somewhat with the flange K of the cowl and secured to the
vertical air-shaft or flue O up which the air or smoke travels.
The interior of the cylinder E carries any suitable number of wings or fans P
adapted to act like a screw propeller upon the air or smoke within the cowl. These
wings are preferably arranged with an increasing pitch as they approach the top or
exit end of the cow! and are also by preference made narrower at the exit end to allow
for expansion. The space Q between the cup flanges K and N permits of the collection
of air or gases so as to keep the wings P well supplied and the operation of the cowl
is simply that as it is driven round by the wind acting upon the external wings and
cups I and J the internal wings or fans Pact as propellers and draw the air
or gases from the space Q and the shaft O and expel them at the open top of the
cylinder E.
The apparatus as shown in the drawings is therefore complete as it stands but to
prevent rain, snow or hail, from entering the cowl in quantities I may fix at a suitable

page_text: distance above the open end of this cowl a flat disc or cap but this is solely for the
purpose above described, and where the entrance of rain or the like has not to be
guarded against I prefer to dispense with this cap altogether and in any case I place
it so far away from the open end of the cylinder E as to interfere as little as possible
with the free exit therefrom of the air or gases. The deflecting plate or flange H
serves to prevent any upward currents of air from creeping up the outside of the
cylinder E and so entering the cylinder or interfering with the exit from it of the internal
upward currents.
In the modified form shown in Figs. 3 and 4 instead of employing a number of
internal vanes as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, I may employ either a single one as shown
of a different construction which in many cases will be sufficient or if necessary I may
have more than one as required. The vane P shown in Fig. 3 consists of a disc equal
to the interior diameter of the cylinder E having a single radial cut P¹ extending from
the centre of the periphery of the disc and otherwise shaped like a screw so that to a
person looking down the cylinder E the said cylinder would appear to be entirely or
approximately closed by the disc. With this arrangement would be almost
impossible for any down draught to take place while the cowl was revolving and even
if it were stationary very little down draught if any could occur, especially if more
than one of these discs P were employed. When revolving the air or gases pass between
the separated edges of the cut P₁ the worm shape of the disc imparting the requisite
propelling motion to it.
In Figure 5 is shown a slight modification in the top of the cylinder E by the
introduction of a circular cavity E¹ from which extends the deflecting plate H. This
cavity E allows of the expansion of the air in case of any down draught and thus tends
to check it.
This cowl or ventilator may be adapted to force air into a building as well as to with-
draw air from it the arrangement of the internal vanes P being such as to cause the
movement of the air or gases in the required direction.
Hitherto with cowls of this description a free passage has been allowed between
the wings and cups 1 and J which revolve the cowl and the internal propelling vanes
being usually placed lower down in the air shaft and without the collecting space Q;
this arrangement has greatly interfered with the efficiency of the cowls so constructed
and it will be seen that in my invention these drawbacks are avoided.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood
that many of the individual features comprised in this cowl are not by themselves novel
and that no claim is made to such parts separately; also that the supporting parts such
as B C D and G are of well known construction, are not essential to the working of
the invention as other constructions may be substituted for them, and are not intended
to be claimed in this specification separately or in combination with their individual
parts or with the other portions of this cowl. What I desire to claim is ;-
1. A cowl or ventilator having external wings for revolving it and one or more
internal wings or vanes for propelling the air or gases through it and an entire cylinder
such as E between the two whereby the current of air operating upon the external
wings is prevented from interfering with the current of air or gases passing through
the interior of the cowl or ventilator substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
2. In a cowl or ventilator a cylinder such as E having on its inside one or more
wings or vanes for propelling the air or gases through it and on its outside wings or
vanes for revolving the said cowl or cylinder substantially as described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
3. In a cowl or ventilator preventing the wind which revolves the cowl or ventilator
from interfering with the internal currents by means of a cylinder such as E substan-
tially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. In a cowl or ventilator the combination with a cylinder such as E having one

page_text: or more internal propelling vanes and external wings by which it is revolved of a
practically air tight chamber such as Q substantially as described and illustrated in
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete ventilator
or cowl substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated thin 11th
T1 1300
JOHN JONES.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicant.