Improvements in Devices for Consuming Smoke in Furnaces
Year: 1892

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stands after Amend-
ment (under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883) as allowed by the decision
of the Comptroller General of the 3rd day of February 1898.
Date of Application, 30th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 3rd Dec., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in Devices for Consuming Smoke in Furnaces:
1, THEODOR LANGER, of the City of Vienna, in the Empire of Austria,
Nussdorferstrasse 21, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
in and by the following statement.
My invention relates to that class of smoke consuming apparatus, in which a
number of jets of high pressure steam are mingled with induced currents of air;
the mixture of steam and air being projected upon or over the incandescent fuel.
The supply of steam and air may be turned on by hand, or by a connection with
the regulator lever, or with the fire door; and caused to shut off gradually by means
of a mercurial or other cataract, clockwork, or other suitable means.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascer-
tained, reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is an end view of a locomotive boiler, fitted with my improvements, as seen
from the foot plate.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same.
Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views, illustrating a modification of the foregoing
arrangement.
Eig. 5 is an elevation, Fig. 6 a section on the line a b, and Fig. 7 a plan,
illustrating further modifications of my invention.
Fig. 8 is an elevation (partly in section) illustrating the application of my inven-
tion to a marine steam boiler, and Fig. 9 is a longitudinal vertical section of the
same.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, 1 is a cataract box fixed to the outer plate of the
boiler. The box 1 is fitted with a flexible diaphragm and plate, (as shown in section
in Fig. 8); and is filled with mercury, oil, water, or other suitable fluid or sub-
stance, and with a regulating, valve for governing the motion of the diaphragm or
piston, in its descent, in a manner well known. Or, instead of the cataract regulator
shown in the drawings, the regulation may be effected by means of clockwork or
otherwise.
The piston rod 18 is fitted with a cross-head 3, which is prevented from sagging
by the guide rod 19 and bracket guide 14. The bracket 3 carries a vertical rod 50,
the upper end of which is pivoted to the bell crank lever 81. 51 is a handle, for
opening the fire-door and operating the mechanism by hand. This handle is fast
on the spindle 6. 7 is another crank fast on the sleeve 71 and connected with 8¹
by a rod 8. The sleeve 7' turns loose on the spindle 6 and is supported by the
barrel hinge 6 of the fire door. The fulcrum of the bell crank lever 8' can be
lowered to the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1, for the purpose of altering
the extent of operation; the fulcrum being carried at the end of a lever 52 pivoted
at 13, the position of which is regulated by a link 53 and screw 16. 4 is the fire
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door and 5 is a radial valve dise for the admission of air, a connecting rod 17 linking
the disc 5 with a crank 5¹ on the sleeve 71. A baffle plate 36 (Fig. 2) is fitted to
the fire door to protect it from the heat. 10 is the steam pipe leading to a cross
pipe, perforated with a number of holes (as shown in Figs. 8 and 9).
Although it is usually advisable to allow the steam jets to issue constantly above
the fuel, it is sometimes advantageous to use a valve in connection with the steam
pipe 10, to control the steam jets by means of the air distributing appliances. For
this purpose a valve 44 is fitted, the spindle of which is turned by the crank arm
and link 54, the crank arm being fixed to the sleeve 71.
When the fire door is opened the cross-head 3 is raised by the rotation of the
spindle, and in rising, turns the sleeve 71 by means of the parts 81, 8, and 7, and the
sleeve in its turn, actuates the disc 5, by the parts 51 and 17 so that when the
door is closed again its openings will be uncovered by disc 5 sleeve 7 and its con-
nections, the steam pipe 10 receiving steam through the valve 44 (or constantly as
herein before described). On the door being again closed the cross-head 3 begins
to descend slowly (as regulated) whereby the disc 5 in gradually closing, admits a
regulated quantity of air, which mixes" with the steam from the jets, and causes
the complete consumption of smoke. 48 is a crank, fast on the spindle 6, to which
a chain 20-is fitted. This chain passes over a pulley, as shown by dotted lines in
Fig. 1, the end of the chain being fixed to the bolt 55; which in being raised by
the turning of 6, raises the crosshead 3 and thus effects the movement of the parts
as above described.
The proportion of steam and air, and the time during which one or both is or are
admitted to any particular furnace, are each determined by experiment and regulated
accordingly.
In locomotive fire boxes the steam pipe 10 is preferably fitted above the fire
door, inside the fire box, so that the steam jets may impinge against the tube plate
just below the lowest row of tubes.
Two or more steam jet pipes may be fitted instead of one only.
Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, the cross-head 3 is linked to the bell-crank 81 by the
rod 9. 8 is linked to the crank 48 on the sleeve 7, loose on the hinge spindle 6.
Below the sleeve 7' is another sleeve 7", also loose on the hinge bolt 6. The sleeve 71
is fitted with two stops 22 and 221, and the sleeve 7 carries a wedge piece 23.
The perforated disc 5 fitted over the corresponding openings in the door 4, is loaded
with weights 25', 25% and 253. A spring 27 is also fitted to the disc 5, linked to the
crank 26 on the sleeve 7. 24 is a stop on the disc, and 241, 24", are two stops on
the door. The weights 251, 252 and 253, tend to close the air vents.
The lever regulating valve 31 is linked by the rod 56 to the bell-crank lever 32.
33 is an adjustable fulcrum to the lever 32. 34 is an air pipe leading from the
regulator 1 to an adjustable valve at 331, whereby the entrance of air to the regu-
lator and the consequent descent of the piston and cross-head can be regulated as
required.
The rods 29 and 30, in line with each other, carry a fork 28 embracing a groove
on sleeve 7. When these rods are raised by the action of the regulator handle 31,
and lever 32, the wedge 23 is raised between the stops 22 and 22, which rising-
in decreasing the amount of play of 23 between the stops-increases the amount of
rotation communicated to the crank 26 by the rotation of the sleeve 7'. The crank 4$
is linked to the bell crank lever S₁ by the rod S.
When the door 4 is closed, after stoking, the previously lifted regulator piston,
and the cross-head 3 descends slowly, thereby turning crank 26 so that the
weights 251, 25, and 253 can gradually descend, and in turning valve 5 cause this
to close the air ports in the door 4, the stop 24 coming in contact with the stop 24¹,
when the air passages are closed. The sleeve 7 is turned by hand by means of the
lever 21 on opening the door the lever having a lug. which comes in contact with
a lug on 7, as shewn. The valve 331 is flexibly connected with the bell crank
lever 32, in such a manner that, when the regulator is closed. by the lever 31, the
valve 331 falls upon the opening leading to the pipe 34, and thus retards the move-

page_text: ment of the piston in the regulating apparatus 1, and lengthens the time during
which air is admitted to the furnace.
Figs. 5, 6 and 7 illustrate another arrangement in which my invention is applied
to a solid fire door instead of a perforated one; the door itself being opened to
admit air, and closed by the action of the regulating apparatus 1. 5¹ is a casting
bored and screw threaded to fit the screw 37. The casting 5 is prevented from
turning by the pin 59. The screw 37 has a spindle on which is mounted loose a
sleeve 38 with pulley 39; on this is fixed a short sleeve having a crank and pin 40.
A lever 41 fitted with an adjustable counter-weight 42, is fixed on the screw spindle
just beyond the loose sleeve 38. The crank pin 40 is pivoted to the upper end of
the rod 9; the lower end of the rod being pivoted at 2 to the cross-head 3. The
sleeve carrying the crank 40 is fitted with a stop 22 and a second stop 221 is fixed
on the boss of lever 41, between these stops the wedge 23 loose on the screw spindle
may be pushed so as to govern the extent of rotation of the lever 41 upon its centre.
When the door 4 is opened by means of the handle 57, the latch 51 is lifted at the
same time.
A chain (not shown in the drawing) wound upon and made fast to
the pulleys 39 and 43, causes a partial rotation of the pulley 39 and sleeve and
raises the weighted lever 41 and the cross head 3 through the agency of the
stops 22, 22 and wedge 23, and the lever 41 in turning the screw 37 causes this
to move the block 51 away from the boiler face. On partially closing the door,
after stoking, the latch 5 falls into the groove on the block 5 which thus retains
the door in a partially opened position; the weighted lever 41 then descends slowly,
being controlled by the regulator 1, and in thereby turning the screw 37, back into
its original position, causes the block 51 to be moved slowly back towards the boiler
face, carrying with it the latch 511 and consequently turning spindle 6 and closing
the door. It will be seen that if the wedge 23 be slid backward so as only to project
partially between the stop 22, 22, then on opening the door and thereby turning
the sleeve 38, the first part of such movement will not be communicated to lever 41
and screw 37, so that the block 5 will be moved a less distance from the boiler
face, thereby decreasing the extent to which the door is retained open. 36 is the
bracket forming part of the regulator casting, whereby the several appliances are
supported. The lever 41 and other connections may be actuated by means of the
handle 58.
Referring to Figs. 8 and 9, the rotating shaft 6 is placed horizontally, the
weight 42 being attached to a lever 41, fast on the shaft 6. 7 is a sleeve, loose on
the shaft 6, and carrying a crank arm 21 linked by a rod 8 at 2 to the piston rod 3
of the regulator 1. 22, 21' are the stops attached to the sleeve 7. 23 is the sliding
wedge attached to the sleeve 71, whereby the action of the sleeve 7 upon the
sleeve 7' is graduated, as before described. 28 is a nut working on a screw, the nut
being fitted with a fork which enters the groove of the wedge 23. The position
of the wedge 23 is set by the hand wheel 32. 29, 29, are brackets supporting the
rod 30; the latter being pivoted to the hand lever 45, whereby the position of the
wedge 23 is regulated.
Air is admitted to the furnace through the passages 46, 47. When the door 4
is opened the lever 60 turns the shaft 6, and lifts the lever 41 and weight 42, and
also the piston of the regulator. The sleeve 7 acts upon the sleeve 7 by the
wedge 23, and opens the throttle valve 5, by means of a chain 20 and spring 27:
the weight 25 assisting in again closing the throttle valve 5; the whole being
governed by the apparatus 1. 10 is the steam jet pipe which may be opened
continuously or intermittently.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. Improved smoke consuming devices characterised by the combination of air
distributing apparatus controlling the supply of air necessary for the consumption
of the smoke gases, and provided with perforated steam pipes, from which steam

page_text: layers are led over the fuel so as to mix the air with the products of combustion,
the apparatus for controlling the air supply being made to act:-
-
a. Either on the disc valve 5. or on the plate arranged in the fire door 4,
(Figs. 1 to 4).
b. Or on the valve 5 arranged in an intermediate box 47 opening into the ash
pit or into the blast pipe, Figs. 8 and 9.
c. Or on the fire door Figs. 5 to 7, substantially as described and shown in the
drawings.
2. In the arrangement characterised by Claim 1 a the transmission of the move-
ment of the air distributing apparatus by means of sleeves 7 arranged on the axis of
the fire door, substantially as described and shown in the drawings.
.3. In the construction characterised by Claim 1 c the arrangement of a notched
piece 5 actuating the air distributing apparatus 4, substantially as described and
shown in the drawings.
4. In the device characterised by Claim 1 the arrangement of an adjusting
device for transmitting entirely or partially the movement of a distributing
apparatus adjusted for determined stroke and speed, to the air distributing organs,
substantially as described and shown in the drawings, such adjusting device being
characterised:-
a. By placing the fulcrum of lever S¹ of the air distributing organs in a
modified position with respect to the bracket or operator 3 of apparatus 1,
as at Figs. 1 and 2, or
b. By causing an adjustable wedge piece 23 to operate between two shoulders
or stops 22 and 221 of the joint sleeves 7 and 71, substantially as described
and shown in the drawings, Figs. 3 to 9.
5. In the construction of the adjusting device characterised by Claim 7 the
arrangement of a spiral spring 27 in the connecting device between the register
plate 5 and the joint sleeve 71, substantially as described and shown in Figs. S
and 9 of the drawings.
6. In the arrangement characterised by Claim 1 c the device for actuating the
notched piece 51 by a screw 37 in combination with an adjustable wedge piece 23
Figs. 5 to 7 acting between the shoulder or stop 22 of the crank 40 connected with
the bracket 3 and moveable on the screw 37 and the stop 221 on the counter weight
lever 41 firmly connected with the screw spindle, substantially as described and
shown in the drawings.
7. The automatic displacement of the adjusting device characterised by
Claim 4 by connecting the same with the regulator (steam starting valve in loco-
motives) controlling the draught, substantially as described and shown in the
drawings,
8. The adjustment of the wedgelike piece 23 characterised by Claim 4b by means
of a nut and fork 28 entering the groove of the wedge 23 such nut being engaged
with a screw arranged on the rod 30 and actuated by a hand wheel 32, substantially
as described and shown in the drawings.