Inflammable Vapours.
Year: 1886

page_text: Inflammable Vapours.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention a communication to me
from abroad by Claude André Paquelin of 12 Place Vendôme, Paris, France,
Doctor of Medicine, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a sort of automatic blow pipe apparatus for generating
and burning inflammable vapours for the production of high temperatures.
The apparatus may be employed in its simple form for heating kettles, cauters,
soldering, branding, and goffering irons, and the like; and it may be combined
with other parts so as to form a single apparatus or instrument of which it
constitutes the heater.
The heat developed by the apparatus may also be utilized for producing light
by rendering a refractory material incandescent.
In order that the Invention may be more readily understood I have illustrated
an example thereof in the accompanying drawings, and will proceed to describe it
with reference thereto. Figure 1 is an elevation, figure 2 a vertical section, and
figure 3 a similar section taken on line 1-2 figure 2 of a lamp constructed
according to this Invention. The same letters of reference indicate the same parts
in all the figures.
The apparatus essentially comprises; 1st a closed vessel for the inflammable
liquid traversed by a tube open at bottom and which is preferably central but
may be at one side, the tube being surrounded by a wick or other porous substance
which is immersed in the liquid contained in the vessel; 2nd a jet nozzle within
the tube in communication with the space for inflammable vapors generated in the
vessel; 3rd a chimney forming an extension of the tube wherein the gaseous
mixture produced by the commingling of the jet of inflammable vapor with an
induced current of air is burnt, and from which the burning mixture issues
with force.

page_text: The Invention is based on the combination of these several parts whatever may
be the additions made for the purpose of adapting them to the various uses for
which they are applicable. This combination permits of obtaining a large surface
for heating the combustible liquid, and of utilizing the conductivity of the metal
of which the apparatus is constructed and of employing for the purpose of vaporising
the liquid only the heat concentrated in the chimney without exposing the vessel
to the direct heat of a fire, whereby the practical results hereinafter described are
obtained.
to
a is the closed vessel which may be made of cylindrical or other form, and b the
central tube passing up through it and surrounded by porous material c.
The jet
nozzle d is placed within the tube b near the upper end and communicates by a
duct e with a chamber f at the upper part of the vessel a. It is filled with a bunch
of metal-wires to filter the vapors and prevent the jet becoming choked. The
chamber is separated from the vessel a by a diaphragm having perforations
permit the inflammable vapors to pass to the nozzle d. This diaphragm may,
however be omitted the vapors being contained between the top of the vessel a and
the upper end of the wick or porous body c. h is the chimney into which is
discharged the gaseous mixture formed by the vapor from nozzle d and the air
drawn in at the open bottom end of tube b or at any other inlet which may be
provided for it. The chimney may be a fixture, but it is preferable to make it
separately and fit it upon the cross-tube e carrying the jet-nozzle. The vessel a is
provided with a filling orifice closed by a screw plug k and also with a circular
channel or gutter 7 at bottom, for a purpose hereinafter described, into which dips
a pipe m passing down through the vessel a and terminating at top in a funnel
inouth n.
The apparatus is supported upon a perforated bottom ring o and the
chimney is protected by a cap p.
The
To use the apparatus, the vessel a being filled with inflammable liquid and the
plug screwed down tight, a small quantity of petroleum spirit or other inflam-
mable liquid employed in the apparatus is poured into the circular gutter
through n and m and is ignited beneath the vessel a to heat the vessel and start
the generation of inflammable vapors which rising into space f issue under pressure
at the nozzle d. By the inductive action of. the jet, air is drawn through the
tube b and the mixture thus formed constituting a forced jet which ignites of itself
in the chimney if a sufficient quantity of priming liquid has been used.
priming liquid in the gutter being now consumed, the apparatus will continue to
work automatically until the supply of liquid in vessel a is exhausted. This
automatic action being due to the heat of the flame i conducted by the metal, of
which the chimney h, tube b, and vessel a are made, to the liquid contained in said
vessel and the porous substance enveloping the tube. The vapor is generated as
fast as it is consumed at the nozzle d so that the apparatus continues to be
supplied. The apparatus when once started acts with great regularity, and there
is no risk of explosion inasmuch as in the event of the jet-nozzle becoming
obstructed, the flame would be thereby extinguished. If desired, the apparatus
may be provided with one or more regulators, for example, there might be applied
at the base of the chimney b a fixed and a movable perforated part by adjusting
the one on the other the size of the apertures may be. regulated so that the heat
will be concentrated upon the chimney and the action of the apparatus be increased
and conversely if perforations be made to coincide. Another similar regulator may
be placed at the base of the apparatus to limit the influx of air to the tube b and
which may consist of a perforated band movable around the bottom ring o so as to
close the orifices more or less. Or, a valve, cock or other regulator may be
employed for controlling the draught.
The several parts of the apparatus may be varied, without departing from the
Invention, and, for example, the container may be made of any form and the tube b
be either open or closed at bottom as before explained, the mixing of the air with
the inflammable vapor being effected in the latter case at the base of chimney h
only. The air may also be introduced partly through the tube b and partly through

page_text: the chimney h. The nozzle d may also be placed at any suitable height of the
central tube, but preferably at its upper end in order that the vessel a may
not be exposed to the direct heat of the flame but only to the heat transmitted by
the metal. The gutter / may also be replaced by one of a similar kind placed at
the top of the container a in which case one or more openings would be required
at the base of the chimney for igniting, or the gutter may be entirely dispensed
with and the apparatus be heated by placing it on a separate stand. In order to
supply the gutter in the apparatus shown with the exact quantity of petroleum
required a drop bottle or pipette graduated if desired may be provided.
All the accessory parts of the apparatus would vary according to the purpose for
which the apparatus is to be used, and the essential parts consisting in the com-
bination of the container, central tube, nozzle, and chimney may be applied to all
kinds of apparatus such as soldering, branding, or goffering irons etc and would
therefore vary in form and dimensions.
The following are some of the principal advantages of this improved apparatus;
1st When once started it acts with a single flame without any secondary source
of heat.
.
•
2nd It will act in any position whether upright, inclined, horizontal, or even
inverted.
3rd It admits of using petroleum spirit but any other liquid producing inflam-
mable vapors may be employed.

page_text: Apparatus for Automatically Generating and Burning
Inflammable Vapours.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention (a communication to me
from abroad by Claude André Paquelin of 12 Place Vendôme Paris France Doctor
of Medicine), and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to a sort of automatic blow pipe apparatus for generating
and burning inflammable vapours for the production of high temperatures.
The apparatus may be employed in its simple form for heating kettles, cauters,
soldering, branding, and goffering irons, and the like; and it may be combined
with other parts so as to form a single apparatus or instrument of which it
constitutes the heater.
The heat developed by the apparatus may also be utilized for producing light
by rendering a refractory material incandescent.
In order that the Invention may be more readily understood I have illustrated
an example thereof in the accompanying drawings, and will proceed to describe it
with reference thereto. Figure 1 is an elevation, figure 2 a vertical section, and
figure 3 a similar section taken on line 1-2 figure 2 of a lamp constructed
according to this Invention. The same letters of reference indicate the same parts
in all the figures.
The apparatus essentially comprises; 1st a closed vessel for the inflammable
liquid traversed by a tube open at bottom and which is preferably central but may
be at one side, the tube being surrounded by a wick or other porous substance
which is immersed in the liquid contained in the vessel; 2nd a jet nozzle within
the tube in communication with the space for inflammable vapors generated in the
vessel;
3rd a chimney forming an extension of the tube wherein the gaseous
mixture produced by the cominingling of the jet of inflammable vapor with an
induced current of air is burnt, and from which the burning mixture issues with
force.
The Invention is based on the combination of these several parts whatever may
be the additions made for the purpose of adapting them to the various uses for
which they are applicable. This combination permits of obtaining a large surface
for heating the combustible liquid, of utilizing the conductivity of the metal of
which the apparatus is constructed and of employing for the purpose of vaporising
the liquid only the heat concentrated in the chimney without exposing the vessel
to the direct heat of a fire, whereby the practical results hereinafter described are
obtained.
a is the closed vessel which may be made of cylindrical or other form, and 6 the
central tube passing up through it and surrounded by porous material c.
The jet
nozzle d is placed within the tube b near the upper end and communicates by
a duct e with a chamber fat the upper part of the vessel a. It is filled with a

page_text: bunch of metal-wires to filter the vapors and prevent the jet becoming choked.
The chamber is separated from the vessel a by a diaphragm having perforations g
to permit the inflammable vapors to pass to the nozzle d. This diaphragm nay,
however be omitted the vapors being contained between the top of the vessel a
and the upper end of the wick or porous body c. h is the chimney into which is
discharged the gaseous mixture formed by the vapor from nozzle d and the air
drawn in at the open bottom end of tube b or at any other inlet which may be
provided for it. The chimney may be a fixture, but it is preferable to make it
separately and fit it upon the cross-tube e carrying the jet-nozzle. The vessel a
is provided with a filling orifice closed by a screw plug and also with a circular
channel or gutter at bottom, for a purpose hereinafter described, into which dips
a pipe m passing down through the vessel a and terminating at top in a funnel
mouth n.
The apparatus is supported upon a perforated bottom ring o and the
chimney is protected by a cap p.
To use the apparatus, the vessel a being filled with inflammable liquid and the
plug screwed down tight, a small quantity of petroleum spirit or other inflam-
mable liquid employed in the apparatus is poured into the circular gutter
through n and m and is ignited beneath the vessel a to heat the vessel and start
the generation of inflammable vapors which rising into space f issue under
pressure at the nozzle d. By the inductive action of the jet, air is drawn through
the tube b, the mixture thus formed constituting a forced jet which ignites of
itself in the chimney if a sufficient quantity of priming liquid has been used. The
priming liquid in the gutter 7 being now consumed, the apparatus will continue to
work automatically until the supply of liquid in vessel a is exhausted, this
automatic action being due to the heat of the flame i conducted by the metal, of
which the chimney h, tube b, and vessel a are made, to the liquid contained in said
vessel and the porous substance enveloping the tube. The vapor is generated as
fast as it is consumed at the nozzle d so that the apparatus continues to be supplied.
The apparatus when once started acts with great regularity, and there is no risk of
explosion inasmuch as in the event of the jet-nozzle becoming obstructed, the
flame would be thereby extinguished. If desired, the apparatus may be provided
with one or more regulators, for example, there might be applied at the base of
the chimney b a fixed and a movable perforated part by adjusting the one on the
other of which the size of the apertures may be regulated so that the heat will
be concentrated upon the chimney and the action of the apparatus be increased
and conversely if the perforations be made to coincide. Another similar regulator
may be placed at the base of the apparatus to limit the influx of air to the tube b
and which may consist of a perforated band movable around the bottom ring o
so as to close the orifices more or less. Or, a valve, cock or other regulator may be
employed for controlling the draught.
The several parts of the apparatus may be varied, without departing from the
Invention, as, for example, the container may be made of any form and the tube b
be either open or closed at bottom as before explained, the mixing of the air with
the inflammable vapor being effected in the latter case at the base of chimney h
only. The air may also be introduced partly through the tube b and partly
through the chimney h. The nozzle d may also be placed at any suitable height
of the central tube, but preferably at its upper end in order that the vessel a
may not be exposed to the direct heat of the flame but only to the heat transmitted
by the metal. The gutter may also be replaced by one of a similar kind placed
at the top of the container a, in which case one or more openings would be
required at the base of the chimney for igniting, or the gutter may be entirely
dispensed with and the apparatus be heated by placing it on a separate stand.
In order to supply the gutter in the apparatus shown with the exact quantity of
petroleum required a drop bottle or pipette graduated if desired may be provided.
All the accessory parts of the apparatus would vary according to the purpose
for which the apparatus is to be used, and the essential parts consisting in the
combination of the container, central tube, nozzle, and chimney may be applied to

page_text: all kinds of apparatus such as soldering, branding, or goffering irons etc and would
therefore vary
in form and dimensions.
The following are some of the principal advantages of this improved apparatus;
1st When once started it acts with a single flame without any secondary source
of heat.
2nd It will act in any position whether upright, inclined, horizontal, or even
inverted.
3rd It admits of using petroleum spririt, but any other liquid producing inflam-
mable vapours may be employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is;
1st The herein described apparatus for automatically generating and burning
inflammable vapours consisting essentially in the combination of ;-
(a) A container traversed by a central tube enveloped by a wick or porous
body in contact with the inflammable liquid therein.
(b) A jet-nozzle receiving the inflammable vapour generated in the container.
(c) A chimney into which the air Decessary for combustion is carried by the
inductive action of the jet of inflammable vapour.
2nd The employment of the herein described apparatus for producing luminous
and calorific effects, all substantially as herein before described.
DL: 00h
LT1000