IMPROVEMENTS IN. STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jonathan Musgrave, of Bolton-le-Moors, in. the.
County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN.
STEAM ENGINES."
Sealed the 1st June 1855, and dated the 20th March 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jonathan Musgrave at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th March 1855.
I, JONATHAN MUSGRAVE, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM ENGINES" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the application to condensing engines of the ordinary
construction of a second condensing cylinder, the piston rod of which is con-
nected to the beam in any convenient position on the connecting rod side of the
beam centre. In working my improved steam engine each cylinder would be
supplied with steam of the same pressure, and the cylinders instead of being
in connexion with each other, as in ordinary compound engines, are each in.
connexion with a condensor, into which the steam when it has acted on the
piston is conveyed in the ordinary manner. In case the air pump and con-
densor of a steam engine are not sufficiently large when the second cylinder is
applied, I propose to add a second air pump and condensor, or enlarge those
originally employed, the object of my Invention being to increase the working
power of a steam engine without increasing the pressure of the steam employed.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jonathan Musgrave in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th September 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JONATHAN
MUSGRAVE, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most-Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Jonathan Musgrave Her special--license--that I, the said Jonathan
Musgrave, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Jonathan Musgrave, my executors, administrators and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no oötliers, from time to time and at. all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the, United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM ENGINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Jonathan Musgrave, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar monthis next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that T, the said Jonathan Musgrave, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and.in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
Specification thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings (that is to say):
The nature of my said Invention of Improvements in Steam Engines consists
in the 'application to condensing engines of the ordinary construction, of a
second condensing cylinder, the piston rod of which is connected to the beam
in any convénient position on the connecting rod side of the beam centre.
I have in the said Drawings given Figures for shewing how my improve-
ments may be constructed, similar parts in both views being marked with
similar letters of reference.
Figure 1 is an elevation, and Figure 2 a plan, of the principal parts of an
ordinary condensing steam engine to which my improvements are applied.
A is the cylinder; B, the piston rod; C, the beam; D, the connecting rod;
E, the crank; F, the crank shaft; F', the fly wheel; and G, the air pump;
all

page_text: of which parts are made as usual. The steam for the cylinder A is supplied
through the pipe H to the valves in the side pipes I, in the ordinary manner.
J is the second condensing cylinder, the piston rod K of which is connected to
the beam C at a point about equally distant from the centre of the beam and
centre of the connecting rod D. The point of connection of the piston rod K
may, however, be nearer to or more distant from the centre of the beam. The
cylinder J is also provided with valves of the usual construction in the side
pipes L. The steam is admitted to these side pipes through the pipe H³, which
is a continuation of the pipe H, above referred to. The pipe M forms the
communication between the cylinder A in the ordinary manner and the con-
densor, and the pipe N connects the cylinder J with the condensor. When the
engine is at work the steam is admitted simultaneously below the piston in the
cylinder A, and above the piston in the cylinder J; the upper portion of
the cylinder A and the lower portion of the cylinder J being at the same time
in communication with the condensor to form a vacuum in both the cylinders.
When the pistons are at the end of the stroke, the valves of both the cylinders
are reversed in the ordinary manner, and the steam is admitted to the upper
part of the cylinder A, and to the lower part of the cylinder J. By this means
the working power of a steam engine may be considerably increased without
increasing the pressure of the steam employed. It will be apparent that when
the air pump and condensor of the steam engine to which my improvements
are applied are not sufficiently large, a second air pump and condensor must be
added, or those originally employed must be enlarged.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself
to the details herein set forth, as the same may be varied according to
the peculiar construction of the engine to which my improvements are applied;
but what I do claim is, the application to condensing steam engines of a second
condensing cylinder connected to the beam on the connecting rod side of the
beam centre, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jonathan Musgrave, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
Witness,
H. B. BARLOW,
JONATHAN MUSGRAVE. (L.S.)
Manchester.