IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND FIXING OF COMPOSITION FOR COATING PAPER, CALICO, WOOD, METAL, OR OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur John Bunchor, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Printer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE AND FIXING OF COMPOSITION FOR COATING PAPER, CALICO,
WOOD, METAL, OR OTHER SURFACES."
Sealed the 24th October 1873, and dated the 28th April 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur John Buncher
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th April 1873.
Tx #
I, ARTHUR JOHN BUNCHER, of Birmingham, in the County of War-
.wick, Printer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND FIXING OF COMPOSITION FOR COATING
PAPER, CALICO, WOOD, METAL, OR OTHER SURFACES," to be as follows, that is
to say :-
My Invention consists in making and applying to paper and other
.surfaces a composition which shall be fixed, and impervious to damp, sɔ
.that it cannot readily be rubbed or washed off the surface to which it
.is applied..

page_text: Some of its principal uses will be in its application as a coating in
the manufacture of paper bags, to wall papers, and wrapping papers,
and to the fixing of colours upon walls and other surfaces.
The composition consists of glue, gelatine, or other gelatinous or
mucilaginous substance, mixed or not as may be required with whiting,
or with colours of any description, to which mixture is to be added a
small quantity of chromate, or of any of the chromate salts, or of
similarly acting acids or salts, by preference I use the bichromate of
potash, and the proportion in which I find this salt most advantageously
employed is one part of the bichromate to fifty parts of the glue or other
gelatinous or mucilaginous substance. The proportion may be varied
according to requirement. This salt has the effect of fixing the coating
and rendering it impervious to damp and insoluble upon exposure to
light.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Arthur John Buncher in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 27th October 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARTHUR
JOHN BUNCHER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Printer,
send greeting.
"
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria by Her
Letters Patent bearing date the 28th day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Arthur John Buncher, Her
special license that I, the said Arthur John Buncher, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Arthur John
Buncher, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for " IMPROVE-

page_text: MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND FIXING OF COMPOSITION FOR COATING PAPER,
CALICO, WOOD, METAL, OR OTHER Surfaces,” upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Arthur John Buncher, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arthur John Buncher, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in making and applying to paper and other
surfaces a composition which shall be fixed, and impervious to damp;
so that it cannot readily be rubbed or washed off the surface to which
it is applied.
✓
Some of its principal us will be in its application as a coating in the
manufacture of paper bags, to wall papers, and wrapping papers, and
to the fixing of colours upon walls, wood, metals, woven fabrics, and
other surfaces.
.
The composition I employ consists of glue, gelatine, or gelatinous or
mucilaginous substance in watery solution, mixed or not as may be
required with whiting, or with colors of any description. To this
mixture, composition, or solution when warmed is to be added a small
quantity of chromium, chromic acid, or any of the chromate salts. The
action of the chromium, chromic acid, or chromate salt when mixed
with the glue, gelatine, or other mucilaginous substance in solution, and
such composition being spread upon, or over any surface to any required
thickness, and exposed to heat and light, or to either alone, renders
such solution or composition insoluble, and firmly fixed upon such
surface.
By preference I use the salt known as bichromate of potash, and the
proportion in which I find the salt most advantageously employed is
one part to fifty parts of glue, or gelatine, and if other gelatinous or
mucilaginous substances be used therewith, or alone, the proportion of
bichromate may be varied as desired, the proportions being readily

page_text: adjusted to any particular purpose by the operator, who will be enabled
to vary the component parts of the composition according to require-
ments, bearing in mind that the thickness and strength of the com-
position surface will depend upon the quantity of gelatine or gluo
employed.
When employed as a vehicle for fixing colors already applied to
walls and other surfaces it is simply necessary to use the glue or other
substances named in solution with the chromium.
I can also employ the chromium and glue in solution as a stain for
wood, at the same time that it forms a base for subsequent varnishing.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and tho
manner in which the same is to be performed, I claim the manufacture
and fixing of composition to be employed as a coating for certain
surfaces, for the purposes and in manner herein more fully set forth and
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur John Buncher, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
ARTHUR JOHN BUNCHER. (L.S.)