IMPROVED MEANS OF OR APPARATUS FOR EXHIBITING ADVERTISEMENTS, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Bonnewell, of No. 16, Old
Bailey, in the City of London, Manufacturer, for the Invention of
“IMPROVED MEANS OF OR APPARATUS FOR EXHIBITING ADVERTISEMENTS, ALSO
APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 30th January 1874, and dated the 1st August 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry
Bonnewell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 1st August 1878.
I, WILLIAM HENRY BONNEWELL, of No. 16, Old Bailey, in the City
of London, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OF OR APPARATUS FOR EXHIBITING ADVERTISE-
MENTS, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to utilize the wheels of omnibuses,
tramway cars, cabs, and other road vehicles for the purpose of exhibiting
advertisements. For this purpose I cover the outside face of the wheel
with a disc of metal or other suitable material, which I secure to the
nave or hub in such manner that the wheel can revolve while the diso
"

page_text: remains stationary; and to ensure the disc remaining stationary I weight
it at its lower part. The edge of the disc should have a broad flange so
as to cover or envelop part of the periphery or tyre of the wheel, and
thereby prevent mud getting between and clogging the wheel and disc.
The part of the flange which comes at the hinder part of the wheel may
also serve to remove mud or other matter which may adhere thereto;
the flange also acts as a wheel guard or spatterdash.
The advertisements to be exhibited are enamelled, painted, printed,
or otherwise applied upon the disc, so that they may be seen by foot
passengers and others.
The manner in which I prefer to secure the disc to the wheel is to
screw an annular plate to the nave as near to the spokes as convenient,
then to slip on the disc, which has a central opening to allow of its
being passed over the nave; and, lastly, to screw on another plate to
prevent the disc coming off. The disc is thus as it were hung from the 1
nave between the two plates, which prevent it "wabbling," while the
weight at its lower part prevents it revolving with the wheel no matter
at what speed the vehicle may travel. To diminish friction I introduce
rollers or balls between the disc and the wheel and between the disc and
the plates. The lower edge of the disc should be sufficiently raised from a
the ground to keep it from coming in contact with mud, stones, or other
obstructions on the road.
In case of need the disc may be removed and another one substituted
by simply taking off the outer plate before mentioned.
In some cases instead of employing a weight I prevent the disc
revolving by carrying an arm from the disc to the body or other fixed
part of the vehicle; this arm should have a joint, or work in a slot, or
be otherwise arranged to allow freedom of motion to the wheel and disc
when the vehicle is turning.
When the advertisements are transparencies lamps and reflectors may
be employed to allow of their being seen at night.
For private carriages and others where advertisements are objectionable
the flanged disc hung to the nave forms an efficient wheel guard or
spatterdash; and in this case the disc may be replaced by a light
skeleton frame.
6
1

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Henry Bonnewell in the Great Seal
⚫ Patent Office on the 31st January 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
HENRY BONNEWELL, of No. 16, Old Bailey, in the City of London,
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Henry Bonnewell, Her special
Licence that I, the said William Henry Bonnewell, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Henry
Bonnewell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVED MEANS OF OR APPARATUS FOR EXHIBITING ADVERTISEMENTS, ALSO
APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said William Henry Bonnewell, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Henry Bönnéwell, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, that is to say :-
The object of my Invention is to utilize the wheels of omnibuses,
tramway cars, cabs, and other road vehicles for the purpose of exhibiting
advertisements. For this purpose I cover the outside face of the wheel
with a disc of metal or other suitable material, which I.secure to the

page_text: nave or hub in such manner that the wheel can revolve while the disc
remains stationary; and to ensure the disc remaining stationary I weight
it at its lower part. The edge of the disc should have a broad flange
so as to cover or envelop part of the periphery or tyre of the wheel, and
thereby prevent mud getting between and clogging the wheel and disc.
The part of the flange which comes at the hinder part of the wheel may
also serve to remove mud or other matter which may adhere thereto;
the flange also acts as a wheel guard or spatterdash.
The advertisements to be exhibited are enamelled, painted, printed, or
otherwise applied upon the disc, so that they may be seen by foot
passengers and others.
The manner in which I prefer to secure the disc to the wheel is to
screw an annular plate to the nave as near to the spokes as convenient,
then to slip on the disc, which has a central opening to allow of its
being passed over the nave; and lastly, to screw on another plate to
prevent the disc coming off. The disc is thus as it were hung from the
nave between the two plates, which prevent it "wabbling," while the
weight at its lower part prevents it revolving with the wheel, no matter
at what speed the vehicle may travel. To diminish friction rollers or
balls may be introduced between the disc and the wheel, and between
the disc and the plates. The lower edge of the disc should be sufficiently
raised from the ground to keep it from coming in contact with mud,
stones, or other obstructions on the road.
In case of need the disc may be removed and another one substituted
by simply taking off the outer plate before mentioned.
In some cases instead of employing a weight I prevent the disc
revolving by carrying an arm from the disc to the body or other fixed
part of the vehicle. This arm should have a joint, or work in a. slot, or
be otherwise arranged to allow freedom of motion to the wheel and disc
when the vehicle is turning.
When the advertisements are transparencies lamps and reflectors may
be employed to allow of their being seen at night.
For private carriages and others where advertisements are objectionable
the flanged disc hung to the nave forms an efficient wheel guard or
spatterdash; and in this case the disc may be replaced by a light
skeleton frame.

page_text: Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a view of the outside face,
and Figure 2 a central transverse section of a wheel fitted with an
advertising disc according to my Invention.
A. is the nave or hub; B, B, the spokes; and O, the felloe; D is an
annular plate or collar screwed to the hub A, as shewn, and having its
inner edge turned up, as seen at d, so as to form an annular groove
round the hub; E is the advertising disc which is slipped over the hub
and over the turned-up edge of the collar D so as to rest in the grooved;
F is a second collar or annular plate secured to the hub outside the 'disc E
to keep the disc in place; the disc is provided with a broad flange G to
cover or envelope the periphery or tyre of the wheel, as herein-before
explained; H is an arm or rod attached at one end to the disc, while its
other end is attached to the body or other fixed part of the vehicle, as
herein-before described. As the wheel revolves together with the
collars D and F the disc E which hangs loosely from the groove dis
prevented revolving by means of the arm H. Instead of by the arm H
the disc may be prevented revolving by being weighted at its lower part.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,--
First. The improved means of or apparatus for exhibiting advertise-
ments herein-before described; the said means or apparatus consisting
of a disc or equivalent device which bears the advertisements, and is
carried by the wheel in such manner as not to revolve with it, sub-
stantially as herein-before explained.
Second. The wheel guard or spatterdash, herein-before described,
consisting of a flange or wheel guard on a disc skeleton frame, which is
carried by the wheel in such manner as not to revolve with it, sub-
stantially as herein-before explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Henry Bonnewell, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of January,
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.