Improvements in Pressure Devices particularly adapted for Use in Connection with Burners.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 6th July, 1899-Accepted, 23rd Sept.,
1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pressure Devices particularly adapted for Use
in Connection with Burners.
We, GUSTAV ADOLPHI LOEBEN, of 2432, Arlington Street, Art Metal Worker,
and ALBERT LOUIS AMANDUS TOBOLDT, of 822, North Broad Street, Doctor of
Medicine, both in the City and County of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania,
one of the United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to secure and maintain a constant pressure upon
fluid in a reservoir. This object is attained by producing the pressure through
the expansion of fluid by heat, and automatically governing the flow of the fluid
to a tube or chamber called the " expander," so that an even pressure is
maintained.
This invention is especially applicable to the reservoirs of burners which use
hydrocarbon, or other fluids capable of being gasified.
In the accompanying drawings the invention is shewn as applied to illuminat-
ing lamps, but it will be understood that the invention may be applied to the
reservoirs for burners used for heating purposes, or to reservoirs containing liquids
in which pressure is desired.
Fig. 1, of the accompanying drawings illustrates the invention as applied to
a reservoir;
Fig. 2, illustrates the invention connected to a separate container for holding
liquids;
Fig. 3, illustrates the invention applied to a supply tank connected to a
number of pipes;
Fig. 4, is an elevation partly in section of one form of my improved apparatus
applied to a table lamp;
Fig. 5, illustrates a modification of the apparatus;
Fig. 6, shews the apparatus applied to a street lamp, and
Fig. 7, is a sectional view of a common form of diaphragm regulator that may
be used with this invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, A is a reservoir or container for liquids capable of being
volatilized by heat. E, is an expander, consisting in the present instance of a
coil of tubing, which is subjected to heat in any manner, tlius in Fig. 1, there is
shown a burner D for this purpose which may be of any suitable construction.
B is a regulator placed between the reservoir A and the expander, for regulating
the flow of fluid to the expander from the reservoir, a is a tube leading from the
reservoir to the regulator, e a tube leading from the regulator to the expander,
and el a tube connecting the expander with the upper portion of the reservoir.
A delivery pipe a¹ may lead from the reservoir to any point at which it is desired
to use the liquid under pressure.
The regulator B may be of any form, as shown in Fig. 4, a float regulator is
used while a diaphragm regulator is shown in some of the other figures.
A common form of diaphragm regulator is shown in detail in Fig. 7, where P,

page_text: indicates the diaphragm carrying the valve b, which is similarly situated to that
illustrated in Fig. 4, the liquid inlet pipe is designated by the letter p and the
outlet from the pressure chamber by the letter 2, while the usual spring s is
shown encircling the diaphragm rod.
The operation of the device shown in Fig. 1, is as follows: The reservoir A is
charged with liquid, for instance, some suitable hydrocarbon, and the expander E
is heated until the air in the tubes expands to produce pressure upon the liquid
In the reservoir, the valve a is then opened, allowing the liquid to pass to the
regulator B and through the tube e to the expander, wherein it will be volatilized
and the pressure in the reservoir A will gradually increase, and the valve of the
regulator will gradually close the passage leading to the expander, owing to such
increase of pressure.
When the pressure reaches the predetermined limit, the valve of the regulator
will entirely close the passage, and remain in this position until the pressure in
the reservoir decreases, when the valve will again open the passage allowing more
fluid to enter the expander. If the outflow from the reservoir is uniform as in a
lamp (Fig. 4), constant uniform pressure will be maintained in the reservoir.
In Fig. 2, there is shown a pipe a leading from the top of the reservoir A
to the reservoir A', which may contain liquid other than that capable of being
volatilized.
In Fig. 4, there is shown a lamp embodying the invention. A is the reservoir
from which extends a pipe a connected to the inlet 6 of the regulator B; this
regulator in the present instance is of the float type, having a valve b attached
to a lever b¹ coupled to a float 63; above the float is an air chamber. The valve
can be adjusted by removing the plug in the bottom of the inlet and turning the
valve, which is in the form of a screw. 3 is the outlet to which is connected a
tube d having a valve d', this tube d is connected by a branch with a burner D;
this burner in the present instance is so constructed that the liquid in passing
through the burner to the outlet will be gasified. The burner has a suitable
valve for regulating the flow of gas to the said burner. Above the burner, in
the present instance, is an incandescent mantle c of the ordinary type carried by
a support ³.
Coupled to the pipe d is a tube c extending to the expander E; this expander
in the present instance is simply a continuation of this tube coiled in any suitable
forn directly above the mantle, and within the heat zone of the same. The tube
is extended in the form of a branch and attached to the upper portion of the
reservoir A. 2 is a valve to regulate the flow of liquid through the tube e. In
this view there is shown a gauge F and a safety valve G attached to the upper
portion of the reservoir A, and f is a capped opening through which the reservoir
can be charged with liquid.
In operating this lamp the reservoir is charged with any suitable ignitable
fluid, such as any of the ordinary hydrocarbons, and the space between the
valves d and e is heated, by a torch for instance, the valve being closed.
The liquid in this portion of the tube will be heated and in time gasified and
the gas escaping from the burner can be then ignited, heating the mantle to
incandescence, and the liquid flowing into the expander E will be at once gasified
and pressure developed in the upper portion of the reservoir.
In some cases the air in the expander may be heated at first so that the expanded
air will create a certain pressure on the liquid. in the reservoir prior to the
gasifying of the liquid passing through the pipe e
As the pressure in the reservoir increases the float in the regulator will be
raised and will reduce the passage leading to the burner, and the expander, and
when the pressure reaches the point at which the regulator is set the flow of liquid
will be entirely cut off. As the liquid is further gasified the float will descend
and open the valve b, allowing more liquid to pass through the regulator to the
burner and expander. In time the regulator will be set so that a constant pressure
is maintained in the reservoir.

page_text: In Fig. 3, is shown an apparatus somewhat similar to the device shown in
Fig. 4, with the exception that the construction illustrated in Fig. 3 is intended
for a central reservoir coupled to a number of outlets, such for instance as in a
building using one reservoir for a number of hydrocarbon burners. In this case
a special burner D is arranged to heat the expander; a diaphragm regulator is
shown in this instance instead of the float regulator shown in Fig. 4. A pipe a
loads from the reservoir A to the series of branch pipes having any of the
ordinary forms of burners attached.
Fig. 5 shews an arrangement in which the main reservoir A is situated below
the burner and the expander E and an auxiliary reservoir A³ is provided and
connected to the regulator B and this regulator in turn is connected to the
expander or gasifier E; in the present instance this gasifier is in the form of a
chamber. A tube e¹ forms a communication between the gasifier and the top
of the auxiliary reservoir A²; a pipe leads from the top of the auxiliary
reservoir A to top of the main reservoir A and a tube d leads from the bottom
of the main reservoir A to the burner.
In Fig. 6, is shown one form of the device as applied to a street lamp, in this
instance the main reservoir A is situated at one side of the lamp casing and is
connected by a tube do directly to the burner D; it is also connected by a tube a
with the regulator B, from which regulator extends a tube e connecting it with
the expander F, which is in the form of a coil, and is connected through a pipe e
with a pressure chamber E and this pressure chamber is connected in turn to the
top of the reservoir A by a pipe e*.
It will be understood that many modifications will readily suggest themselves
to those skilled in the art as, for instance, in heating furnaces the arrangement
of the parts will be different, but the tube leading into the supply tank and form-
ing in a part of its length the expander, must be so placed in reference to some
heat producer as to properly perform its function, and the regulator must be
situated between the supply reservoir and the expander and the expander must
connect with the upper portion of the reservoir.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
wo claim is:-
1. In means for securing and maintaining constant pressure, a reservoir for
expansible fluid, means for expanding the said fluid by heat, and a regulator situ-
ated between the reservoir and the expander and serving to automatically govern
the flow of fluid to the latter substantially as herein before described.
2. The combination of a burner, a reservoir for hydro carbons or other gasify-
able liquids, a pipe leading from a source of supply in the system to the point of
consumption, a pipe leading from the bottom of the reservoir to the top thereof,
and extending within the heat zone of the burner, and a regulator for regulating
the flow of the said liquids from the reservoir through this pipe, whereby pressure
will be exerted, substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. The combination of a burner, a reservoir for gasifyable liquids, a pipe leading
from the reservoir to the burner, a regulator in the said pipe, a pipe leading from
the regulator to the top of the reservoir, and within the heat zone of the burner,
whereby pressure will be maintained in the reservoir by the expansion of the gas,
and regulated by the rate of its generation, substantially as herein before described.
4. The combination of a burner, a reservoir, a pipe leading from the reservoir
to the burner, the said pipe having a portion within the heat zone of the burner,
by which the hydrocarbons or other liquids are gasified, a regulator in the said
pipe, and a pipe leading from the regulator to the upper portion of the reservoir
and extending within the heat zone of the burner, substantially as set forth.
5. The combination in a lamp, of a burner, a reservoir, a tube extending from
the reservoir to the burner, and within the heat zone of the burner, a regulator in
the said tube, a pipe extending from the discharge side of the regulator and

page_text: coupled to the upper portion of the reservoir and extending within the heat zone
of the burner whereby given pressure will be maintained in the reservoir,
substantially as herein before described..
6. The combination in a burner, of a reservoir, a pipe leading from the reservoir
to the burner, two valves in the said pipe, so that the space between the valves can
be heated to gasify the liquid to produce the initial pressure, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
7. The combination of a reservoir containing liquid hydrocarbons or other
gasifyable fluids, a burner, a pipe leading from the reservoir to the burner, a
regulator controlling the flow of fluid to the pipe, a valve in the burner and a
valve in the pipe, a pipe coupled to the first mentioned pipe between the two
valves, and extending within the heat zone of the burner and connected to the
upper portion of the reservoir and having a valve between its connection with the
pipe and the point where it is in the heat zone of the burner, substantially as and
for the purpose herein before described.
1000
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.