A NEW, OR IMPROVED, MACHINE FOR PAINTING,
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Reynell Toye, of Philadelphia, in the
United States of America, and at present of 68 Fleet Street, in the City of
London for an Invention of A NEW, OR IMPROVED, MACHINE FOR PAINTING,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Reynell Toye
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th August 1882.
WILLIAM HENRY REYNELL TOYE, of Philadelphia, in the United States of
America, and at present of 68 Fleet Street, in the City of London, A NEW, OR
IMPROVED, MACHINE FOR PAINTING, VARNISHING, OR SIZING FLAT AND IRREGULAR
SURFACES,
My invention relates to a new or improved machine for painting, varnishing, or
sizing flat and irregular surfaces, or surfaces of varying thicknesses, and it consists
in the combination of the following elements or devices, arranged to operate
substantially in manner as bereinafter described.
The machine consists of a framework, in which I mount a reservoir, or reservoirs
(to contain the liquid or size which it is intended to use) and a system of rollers, to
which a rotatory, lateral, and vibratory movement is imparted, by means of
suitable gearing, actuated by steam, or other power. The roller having the
vibratory movement receives the paint, varnish, or size, and transfers it to distri-
buting rollers, whose function it is to evenly spread it on flexible impression rollers,
whence it is imparted to the material to be treated. In combination with this
system of rollers I employ a pressing roller, or rollers, or a moveable flat pressing
surface, for imparting pressure to the material, and bringing the same into contact
with the flexible impression rollers.

page_text: The pressing roller, or rollers, or the moveable pressing surface, may be mounted
in a frame or frames, and may be operated by hand, or by any suitable mechanical
means.
The flexible impression rollers may be provided, on their surfaces with a pattern,
or may be embossed, so that the material, under treatment, may be decorated with
a definite design, or may be mottled, embossed, or otherwise ornamented, as
desired.
The reservoir containing the paint, varnish, or size, may be divided into sections,
or compartments, so that one or more coloured varnishes, paints, or sizes may be
used. Or by using two or more reservoirs a multi-coloured pattern (or patterns)
may be produced at the will of the operator.
By means of this machine the painting, varnishing, or sizing, may be effected on
flat sheets of metal, glass leather, or other material, or on materials having an
irregular or uneven surface, or on a continuous roll or web of paper, cloth, metal,
or other material. Suitable machinery may also be employed to unroll, or to cut
the material it is desired to decorate or embellish.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Henry Reynell Toye in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 24th February 1883.
WILLIAM HENRY REYNELL TOYE, of Philadelphia, in the United States of
America, and at present of 68 Fleet Street, in the City of London, A NEW, OR
IMPROVED, MACHINE FOR PAINTING, VARNISHING, OR SIZING FLAT AND IRREGULAR
SURFACES
My Invention relates to a new or improved machine for applying a uniform
and continuous coating of paint, varnish, size, glue or other such viscid or glutinous
substances to flat, or to irregular or uneven surfaces, or surfaces of varying thick-
nesses, whether such surfaces be paper, cloth, leather, metal, glass, wood, or other
materials, and it consists in the following elements or devices arranged to operate
substantially in the manner as hereinafter described.
The machine consists of a framework in which I mount a series of flexible
impression rollers, a series of rigid distributing rollers, and a series of rigid pressure
rollers, or a flat pressing surface, capable of being adjusted to or from the flexible
impression rollers, with regard to the thickness of the material to be operated upon;
and a reservoir or reservoirs for containing paint, varnish, size, or other liquid or
viscid substance to be applied to the surfaces to be operated upon, and suitable
devices for conveying the same to the distributing rollers.
The flexible impression rollers are preferably made of an elastic compound, so
that they may better adapt themselves to any irregularities in the surface of the
material to which the glutinous or viscid substance is to be applied, and two or
more of these rollers are employed to ensure a uniform coating of the glutinous
substance over the entire surface of the material to be so treated.
My Invention will be readily understood on reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which Fig: 1 is an end elevation, of a painting, varnishing, or sizing
machine constructed according to my Invention, and Fig: 2, a plan of same. Fig: 3,
is a detached view, shewing certain details of construction.
A, is the framework for supporting the various parts of the machine, a, is a reser-
voir for containing the paint, varnish, size or other like substance to be applied to
the surface of the article to be operated upon, it is supported above the system
of rollers for distributing the glutinous substance. This reservoir a, may be
divided by partitions into two or more compartments, so as to contain paints,
varnishes, or sizes of different colours when required, and its discharge opening can
be regulated by thumbscrews a². B, is a fountain roller, placed in close proximity
to the discharge opening of the reservoir a, and caused to revolve by means of the
ratchet wheel b, which is mounted upon the end of its supporting shaft. This
ratchet wheel b, is caused to advance step by step by means of a pawl b², operated
through the reciprocating connecting rod 63, which is actuated, at its lower
extremity, by an eccentric 6, mounted upon the main shaft z, of the driving
pulley C.
A cam 65, also mounted on the driving shaft, serves to give a recipro-
cating motion to a second connecting rod d³, which is furnished at bottom with a
friction wheel f, which travels over the cam 65. This rod d', is pivoted, at its upper
extremity, to a rocking arm e, upon the axis of which is supported, by means of
other arms e¹ the vibrating distributing roller E, which roller is thus brought
alternately into contact with the fountain roller B, and with two of the distributing
rollers G, G1, G2. A spring e³ keeps the friction roller f, to its work on the cam.
This spring is attached, at one end, to the rocking arm e, and at the other to a
bracket A, on the frame A.

page_text: An idle roller E' is mounted in stationary bearings in the frame A, and is caused
to revolve, by contact, with the rollers G and G. Beneath these rollers G, G¹, G³,
is arranged a series of flexible impression rollers H, H¹, H2, H3, upon which the
glutinous material is evenly distributed by the rollers G, G1, G2, which are caused
to revolve by frictional contact therewith. These flexible impression rollers are
driven by toothed gearing set in motion by means of sprocket wheels J, J', and an
endless chain j, the sprocket wheel J, being mounted on the driving shaft z.
The vibrating distributing roller E, the idle roller E, and the flexible impression
rollers H, H', H2, H3, are preferably constructed of a compound of glue, molasses,
and glycerine, such as is commonly employed in the manufacture of printers'
rollers, and forms a compressible and elastic compound. The distributing rollers
G, G1, G2 are preferably constructed of wood, or other non-conductor of heat, and
have a lateral as well as a rotary motion imparted to them, in order that they
shall better distribute the glutinous or viscid substance on to the flexible impression
rollers.
The means for effecting this lateral motion consist of a three-throw crank K, and
connecting rods k, which latter are jointed to the axes of the rollers G, G¹, G³. The
crank is mounted in brackets A¹, secured to the frame A, and is operated by
sprocket wheels L, L', and an endless chain l, the sprocket wheel L', being mounted
on a counter-shaft zx, which carries a bevil wheel m, gearing into another bevil
wheel m*, on the main shaft s.
Beneath the series of flexible impression rollers H, are placed four (or more or
less) corresponding rigid pressure rollers N, N, N, N, revolving in suitable bearings
upon two horizontal bars O. Each of these bars is supported upon two parallel
upright arms p, p¹, which are pivoted to the bars o, and to the framework A, in the
manner of an ordinary parallel ruler.
A hand-lever M, is attached to the shaft n, to which the arm p¹, and the corre-
sponding arm at the opposite end of the roller N, are attached. By means of this
lever, the supporting bars O, may be raised or lowered accordingly as the parallel
arms p, p', are caused to assume a more or less vertical position. The lever M
projects beyond the frame A, at the front of the machine, and provided with an
adjustable supporting stop m³, for securing the lever in its proper position, as best
seen in figure 3. The stop is held in its required position by means of bolts m¹
extending through a slot m², in the framework A, and the lever M, has a sufficient
lateral play to permit of its being sprung out beyond the stop m³, when it is desired
to raise or lower the rollers.
The flexible impression rollers may have their surfaces provided with a raised or
with a sunken pattern, or embossed, so that the ground of the material under
treatment may be decorated with a continuous and definite design or pattern.
A table R, is provided for holding the articles or fabrics to which the painting,
varnishing, or sizing, is to be applied, and a shelf S, receives the articles after they
have been painted, varnished, or sized.
The working of the machine is as follows:-The material to be painted, varnished,
or sized, is placed upon the table R, and is thence fed forward between the series of
flexible impression rollers H, H², H², H³, and pressure rollers N, N, N, N, the
position of the latter being adjusted with regard to the thickness of the material to
be treated. If the material under treatment should present an irregular or uneven
surface, such for example as is frequently the case with mouldings, or with glass
ware, the flexible impression rollers H, H', H², H³, will, under the pressure of the
rigid rollers N, yield to the irregularities of the material, and adapt themselves to
the depressions, thus causing the glutinous or viscid substance to be applied to the
entire surface.
By employing two or more flexible impression rollers a better distribution of the
painting, varnishing or sizing substance is secured.
The materials employed for the flexible impression rollers may be varied as found
desirable, and in cases where the size, or other substance is to be applied to uniform
plane surfaces, rigid unyielding rollers may be substituted.

page_text: I do not, however, confine myself to the particular method which I have herein
described, of adjusting the vertical position of the pressure rollers N, as it is evident
that various equivalent mechanical devices may be employed in lieu thereof; nor
is it necessary that the particular arrangement of intermediate and distributing
rollers be conformed to in all cases, as any arrangement, whereby the paint, varnish,
or size may be evenly distributed over all the rollers, and any arrangement
allowing of a variable, but regulated pressure being applied to the painting,
varnishing, or sizing rollers, may be substituted therefor, without departing from
the principle of my Invention.
Suitable machinery may also be employed in conjunction with the machine herein
above described, for the purpose of unrolling or cutting up the material it is desired
to decorate, or to varnish or size.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner the same
may be performed, I declare that I claim,
First. The new, or improved, machine for painting, varnishing or sizing flat and
irregular surfaces, or surfaces of varying thicknesses, having its parts arranged,
combined, and operating substantially as herein described, and as illustrated in the
drawings.
Second. The construction of the flexible impression rollers with a definite design
or pattern, (raised or sunken) on their surfaces, as herein described, for the purposes
set forth.
In witness whereof I the said William Henry Reynell Toye have hereunto
set my hand and seal this Twentythird day of February in the year 1883.
HTT