Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Weaving Selvages.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Mar., 1894-Accepted, 28th Apr., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Weaving
Selvages.
I, RUDOLPH WEISS of 21 Wilford Grove Nottingham Mechanical Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of "split" or "inner" selvages.
In carrying out this invention I use an independent thread (that is, neither a warp
thread nor a weft thread) which I shall hereafter call " selvage thread," in such a
manner as to lay it into the "shed" about 3" deep (that is from the last warp
thread) parallel with the weft. There are left out of the warp as many threads as
is necessary to provide room for the apparatus which lays in this selvage thread on
both the right and the left side.
The apparatus consists of 1.) A selvage thread guide or finger, of the form of a
sickle, pivoted outside the warp at about the height of, or rather above the height
of the cloth line (that is the beating up line), and bent so as to allow one end or tip
being introduced into the shed to a distance of about " from the last warp thread.
This thread guide has several holes between its pivot and tip, in the latter is also
a hole or eyelet, and the selvage thread passes from its spool through the hole
nearest the pivot, then through more of the next holes, partly to acquire tension,
partly to be kept in such a position as not to interfer with the warp threads, and
last through the eyelet at the tip. 2). A pin which is placed about j* distant from
the last warp thread and which points towards and is movable at about a right
angle towards and from the plane of movement of the selvage thread guide.
The action of this apparatus is as follows: While the shed is open the guide is
turned round its pivot and so introduced into the A shaped space between the walls
of the warp, till the eyelet or tip of the guide comes up to the cloth line. The
pin, which was before outside the warp, is then moved towards and through the
warp, so as to get between the cloth and the guide. The selvage thread, which in
the previous pick had been laid into the cloth, has now by the above said
movement of the guide been brought over the cross formed by the two last warp
threads and been laid into the shed right up to the cloth line, parallel with the
weft and, passing through the eyelet and the holes of the guide, has formed a kind
of loop, into which the pin enters. As soon as the pin is in this loop the guide
turns back on its pivot until the eyelet is out of the shed as far as is necessary not
to interfer with the reed or other beating up apparatus when these beat the weft
up. The selvage thread has now been drawn from the cross of the two last warp
threads over the pin and back again under the pin to the outside of the shed.
Then, or during this movement the shuttle is shot through, then the shed crosses
and the weft is beaten up, fastening the selvage thread tight between the warp
threads. The pin is then withdrawn and the process repeated.
I intend applying this apparatus to ordinary as well as to circular looms, and not
only for "inner" selvages but also for ordinary ones for the purpose of strengthen-
ing or ornamenting them.
Dated this 20th day of June 1893.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Weaving
Selvages.
I, RUDOLPH WEISS of 21, Queen's Walk, in the Borough of Nottingham,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of selvages in circular or continuous
woven fabrics, or intermediate selvages in straight fabrics, and in apparatus
therefor, and it has for its object more especially the manufacture of such selvages
in a more advantageous manner than heretofore.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which
Fig. 1, is an elevation, and
Fig. 2 a plan, showing apparatus constructed according to my invention applied
to a circular loom, parts only of the latter being shown.
Figs. 3 and 4 are back views and
Figs. 5 and 6 are side views of the selvage thread inserting fingers and retaining
pins, showing their operation.
Fig. 7 is a view showing the disposition of the selvage thread.
Figs. 3 to 6 inclusive, are drawn full size.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
This invention as described and shown is applied to a circular loom, but it may
also be applied to looms of ordinary construction.
In carrying out this invention, I use, to form each selvage, an independent thread,
that is neither a warp nor a weft thread, which thread is hereinafter referred to as
the selvage thread.
Loops of this thread of a suitable length are laid in and held temporarily in the
open shed parallel to the weft thread immediately preceding the laying in of each
weft thread or alternate weft threads or at longer intervals, until the loop is
permanently secured by the shedding of the warp threads after the weft thread is
inserted.
At the point where it is desired to form the selvages as many warp threads are
left out as is necessary to provide room for the operation of the apparatus which
lays in the selvage threads on both sides of the opening, one part being mainly a
duplicate of the other.
Each selvage thread K is inserted in the shed by a finger A, (see Figs. 3, 4, 5,
& 6) formed with a radial part A' and a concentric extension A, at the extreme
end of which is a hole or eye B, through which the selvage thread, (which may be
drawn from a spool) after passing through the holes B, B', B' is finally carried.
The fingers A are mounted on the ends of shafts C, C, carried in bearings D,
formed in the bracket E, which bracket is secured to the framing F. At the outer
ends of the shafts C.C, are secured pinions C¹, C₁, (see Figs. 1 and 2.) which
engage with vertical sliding racks G, the racks G are carried and slide in recesses
in the brackets E, and are both simultaneously reciprocated by a bell crank lever H,
pivotted at H', to the bracket E.
The end H, ot the lever H, is connected by a connecting rod I, to the sliding
racks and its outer end H³, is provided with an anti-friction roller which
comes in contact with cam surfaces J, secured to the cam ring of the loom, as it
rotates.
The fingers A are reciprocated (as shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, & 6, in which they are
shown in their two extreme positions) in a plane parallel to the weft threads or

page_text: nearly so, through an angular space of about half a revolution, in the position
shown in Figs. 3 and 5, they are shown in their normal position, whilst in Figs. 4
and 6, their position is reversed and the concentric part A, of each finger has
entered the shed, which is open, carrying the selvage thread with it.
When the fingers A, reach the position shown in Figs. 4 & 6 pins or instru-
ments L, sliding at right angles or nearly so to the direction of the weft threads
pass through the warp threads and below the portions K' of the selvage threads K
and retain loops of the threads in that position (as shown in Figs. 3 and 5) whilst
the finger A returns to its normal position so as to be out of the way of the
shuttle.
The loop of each thread K is held by the pins L until the weft thread is
Laserted and both are secured by the shedding of the warp threads.
The pins L (see Figs. 1 and 2) are carried and slide in holes in the bearings D, D,
the holes in the inner bearings being preferably slotted so that the pins or instru-
ments L may be raised by the shuttle in passing or by the weft thread, or the
beating up mechanism.
The outer ends of the pins are connected to a slide on the bracket E. T'his
slide is provided with an anti-friction roller in contact with a cam face M,
secured to the cam ring of the loom by means of which it is operated.
In a circular loom with more than one shuttle the cam surfaces J and M
may be arranged to operate the selvage thread mechanism for the insertion of the
loop during the intervals which occur between the passage of each shuttle past
the point where the selvage is being formed, or every other shuttle as desired.
The selvage thread mechanism may also, if desired, be operated by cams
secured on the shaft O or to the wheel P through a suitable arrangement of links
and levers. Modifications of the means described for operating the fingers A and
pins L may be also employed as it is obvious that the same result may be obtained
by numerous well-known mechanical arrangements.
In Figs. 7 is shown the disposition of the selvage thread, Q are the warp
threads, R the weft threads, and K the selvage thread, the loops K³, of the
latter being secured by the warp threads in the same manner as the weft threads R
as shown.
The apparatus may not only be employed for the purpose of making plain
intermediate selvages, it may also be employed for making such selvages ornamental
or for strengthening or ornamenting ordinary selvages.
To produce an ornamental selvage the position of the pin L with respect to
that of its corresponding finger may be changed as the work proceeds, that is,
it may be moved towards or away from the finger, so as to make loops of varying
lengths, which loops will consequently extend varying distances from the edge
of the fabric, and by employing a thread of a different color ornamental effects
may be obtained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed. I declare that what I
claim is:
--
(1.) The method of forming, strengthening or ornamenting selvages by employing
a continuous thread, successive loops of which thread are inserted in the shed
substantially as described.
(2.) A woven fabric having a selvage formed by a continuous thread, loops of
which thread are inserted in the shed substantially as described.
(3.) In apparatus such as described a rotary reciprocating finger such as A,
provided with a part, such as A', for inserting the selvage thread into the shed
substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
(4.) In apparatus such as described the combination with a finger such as A for
inserting the selvage thread into the shed of a pin or instrument such as L for
holding the said thread substantially as described and illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings.

page_text: (5.) The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete
apparatus, substantially as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
L
1004
RUDOLPH WEISS.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicant.