IMPROVE- MENTS IN ROPES OR CABLES FOR SUBMARINE OR OTHER ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS, AND FOR THE RIGGING OF SHIPS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1861

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of 2, Lower Gore, Kensington, London, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ROPES OR CABLES FOR SUBMARINE OR OTHER ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS,
AND FOR THE RIGGING OF SHIPS AND OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 19th September 1861, and dated the 25th March 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Morgan, Alfred
Thomas Jay, Edmund Edwards, and Joseph Tilston at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 25th March.
1861.
We, JOHN MORGAN, of 132, Upper Thames St., London, ALFRED THOMAS
JAY, of 132, Upper Thames St., London, EDMUND EDWARDS, of 13, Beaufort
Buildings, Strand, London, and JOSEPH TILSTON, of 2, Lower Gore, Ken-
sington, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ROPES OR CABLES FOR SUBMARINE OR OTHER ELECTRIC TELE-
GRAPHS, AND FOR THE RIGGING OF SHIPS AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in the arrangement of a spiral coil or wire or ribbon
as shewn in the Drawing marked A, composed of iron or other metal within a
covering of rope B, composed of vegetable fibre, metallic wires, or metallic
ribbons, in such a manner that the stretch of the rope longitudinally is pre-
[Price 8d.]

page_text: vented by the resistance of the internal coiled wire to a transverse strain. In
electric telegraph cables for submarine and other purposes, we take a con-
ducting ribbon or wire C of copper or other metal coiled spirally, in such a
manner as to allow it to stretch longitudinally to a considerable extent without
fracture, and we insulate this ribbon or wire by surrounding it with one or
more coatings D of pure india-rubber or other insulating material; and we
place the ribbon or wire thus insulated within the spiral metallic wire, covered
by the rope of vegetable fibre, metallic wires, or metallic ribbons above
described. The insulated conducting ribbon or wire C is thus prevented from
injury through any transverse strain by the spiral coil of wire A which
surrounds it, whilst the greater part of any longitudinal strain is borne by the
rope of vegetable fibre, metallic wires, or metallic ribbons B which surrounds
the coil of spiral wire, and the combination of parts described allows great
flexibility in the cable.
For the rigging of ships or other purposes where great longitudinal strength
is required in the rope without stretching, we use the cable as above described,
omitting the internal conducting ribbon or wire insulated with pure india-
rubber or other insulating material.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Morgan, Alfred Thomas Jay, Edmund Edwards, and
Joseph Tilston in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st September
1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
MORGAN, of 132, Upper Thames Street, London, ALFRED THOMAS JAY, of
132, Upper Thames Street, London, EDMUND EDWARDS, of 13, Beaufort
Buildings, Strand, London, and JOSEPH TILSTON, of 2, Lower Kensington
Gore, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said John Morgan, Alfred Thomas Jay, Edmund Edwards, and Joseph Tilston,
Her special licence that we, the said John Morgan, Alfred Thomas Jay,
Edmund Edwards, and Joseph Tilston, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said John Morgan, Alfred Thomas Jay,
Edmund Edwards, and Joseph Tilston, our executors, administrators, and

page_text: assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ROPES OR CABLES FOR SUBMARINE OR OTHER ELECTRIO TELE-
GRAPHS, AND FOR THE RIGGING OF SHIPS AND OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said John Morgan, Alfred Thomas Jay,
Edmund Edwards, and Joseph Tilston, or one of us, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edmund Edwards, on behalf of myself
and the said John Morgan, Alfred Thomas Jay, and Joseph Tilston, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings
(that is to say):-
This Invention consists in the arrangement of a spiral coil of wire or
ribbon A, composed of iron or other metal within a covering of rope B, com-
posed of vegetable fibre, metallic wires, or metallic ribbons in such a manner
that the stretch of the rope longitudinally is prevented by the resistance of the
internal coiled wire to a transverse strain. In electric telegraph cables for
submarine and other purposes we take a conducting ribbon or wire C of copper
or other metal, coiled spirally, or corrugated or bent in such a manner as to
allow it to stretch longitudinally to a considerable extent without fracture, and
we insulate this ribbon or wire by surrounding it with one or more coatings D
of pure india-rubber or other elastic insulating material, and we place the
ribbon or wire thus insulated within the spiral metallic wire covered by
the rope of vegetable fibre, metallic wires, or metallic ribbons, above
described.
The insulated conducting ribbon or wire is thus prevented from injury
through any transverse strain by the spiral coil of wire A which surrounds it,
whilst the greater part of any longitudinal strain is borne by the rope B of
vegetable fibre, metallic wires, or metallic ribbons which surrounds the coil of
spiral wire, and the combination of parts described allows great flexibility in
the cable,
1

page_text: For the rigging of ships or other purposes where great longitudinal
strength is required in the rope without stretching, we use the cable, as above
described, omitting the internal conducting ribbon or wire insulated with pure
india-rubber or other insulating material.
Having now described our said Invention and the manner in which it is
intended to be employed for the purposes for which it is designed, we wish it
to be understood that we do not claim the use of a spiral conducting wire or
ribbon for submarine or other electric telegraphs, nor the use of spiral wires
alone in the rigging of ships and other purposes where great longitudinal
strength is required; but we claim as our Invention,―
First, the novel combination of the several parts of the submarine or other
electric telegraphs, or ropes, or cables for the rigging of ships or other
purposes, as herein-before set forth.
Second, the novel application of ropes or cables in the manner described for
the purpose of protecting from injury the insulated conducting wire or ribbon
in submarine or other electric telegraphs.
Third, the novel combination of an internal spiral wire with an external
rope of metallic wire or vegetable fibre for the rigging of ships or other
purposes where great longitudinal strength is required without stretching.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edmund Edwards, on behalf of myself
and of the said John Morgan, Alfred Thomas Jay, and Joseph Tilston,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witness.
WILLIAM RAIKES,
13, Beaufort Buildings, Strand,
London.
EDMUND EDWARDS. (L.S.)