IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING TISSUE AND OTHER PAPERS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1886

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 28th day of March 1887, amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
Apparatus therefor.
I JAMES FLETCHER of Kearsley Paper Mills Stoneclough near Manchester in the
County of Lancaster Paper Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING TISSUE AND OTHER PAPERS AND IN APPARATUS
THEREFOR and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
Hitherto colored tissue and other papers have been manufactured by mixing the
dye or coloring matter with the pulp in the rag engine and then manufacturing the
paper from the pulp thus previously dyed or colored.
By this method of manufacture a very considerable portion of the dye or
coloring matter was entirely lost or wasted as it passed away with the water
which was drained from the pulp in the process of manufacture; and in consequence
of the very large proportion of water employed (sometimes as much as 90 per cent)
not only was there a very considerable waste of dye, but also the colors which
could be produced were necessarily pale and deficient in density and brilliancy, as
well as fugitive.
The objects of my invention are to prevent the waste of the dye or coloring
matter, and to obtain a bright and uniform shade of color, on both sides of the
paper alike, with increased durability, and this I propose to accomplish by dyeing
the paper (after manufacture) by the aid of pressure which forces the dye or
coloring matter through every fibre of the paper and the result is that a far more
brilliant color is produced and at the same time a considerable economy is effected
both as regards material and cost of production, and darker and richer colors can
be obtained than was possible by the old process of dyeing the pulp in the rag
engine.
The construction and application of the apparatus which I employ for this
purpose will be readily understood on reference to the drawing hereunto annexed
and the following explanation thereof.
The drawing represents a longitudinal section of the apparatus-a, a being the
framework and b, the roll of paper in the dry state-c, c is a color box or trough
in which is a furnishing roller d, d which takes up the color from the trough c, c
and lays it onto an endless felt e, e, or it may be supplied to the felt by means of
"doctor
a spray or jet. f, f is a bar or
covered with felt which regulates the
""

page_text: amount of color and spreads it evenly over the surface of the felt e, e-The latter
passes round a roller
9,9 which is pressed upon by a felt covered roller h, h which
is held down by the weighted levers i, i (one at each side of the machine).
The endless felt e, e also passes between two other pressure rollers k, k and round
guide rollers l, m, m are two additional pressing rollers for improving the finish
of the paper; the upper roller of this pair may be provided with an endless felt
n, n as shown on the drawing.
The paper from these rollers m m. passes on round two ordinary steam drying
cylinders (not shown on the drawing) and is then wound onto a reel or roller.
Beneath the squeezing rollers k, k (one of which is heated by steam) is placed a
trough o, o for receiving the superfluous color which is pressed out by the rollers
and runs down a pipe p, p into a tank 9, 9 whence it is raised by a pump ", "
into the cistern s, s which supplies the color box c, c and thus the dye or coloring
matter is used over and over again and none of it is wasted.
The paper passes from the roll b, b first between the pressure roller h, h and the
endless felt e, e which is saturated with the color and transfers it to the paper at
the same time that it supports the latter, and the pressure of the top roller h, h
forces the dye or color through every fibre of the paper.
The paper is then carried on still supported by the endless felt through the
second pair of pressure rollers k, k, which squeeze out the superfluous dye and
partly dry the paper; after which it does not require any further support. It then
passes through the finishing or calendering rollers m, m and then finally round the
drying cylinders onto the reel or roller.
In some cases when a very deep color is required I employ an additional color
box underneath the felt as shown by dotted lines at t, t.
The rollers which carry the paper through the apparatus are all driven at the
same surface speed by means of endless bands or belts u, u or by other equivalent
gearing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature and object of my
said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is :-
First the method of dyeing tissue and other papers after manufacture by pressing
the dye or coloring matter through the same by means of a pair of pressure rollers,
at the same time that it is supported by an endless felt or cloth passing round the
lower roller.
Secondly. I claim the construction and combination of apparatus for effecting
this object substantially as herein before described and illustrated by the drawing
annexed.
Thirdly. I claim especially the endless felt or cloth for supporting the dyed paper,
in its wet state and carrying it through the machine.
בד
1

page_text: Reprint. This Amended Specification has been reprinted in consequence of a further
amendment made by Order of the Law Officer (8th August 1887) prior to the
sealing of the Patent.
Apparatus therefor.
I JAMES FLETCHER of Kearsley Paper Mills Stoneclough near Manchester in the
County of Lancaster Paper Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING TISSUE AND OTHER PAPERS AND IN APPARATUS
THEREFOR and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
Hitherto colored tissue and other papers have been manufactured by mixing the
dye or coloring matter with the pulp in the rag engine and then manufacturing the
paper from the pulp thus previously dyed or colored.
By this method of manufacture a very considerable portion of the dye or
coloring matter was entirely lost or wasted as it passed away with the water
which was drained from the pulp in the process of manufacture; and in consequence
of the very large proportion of water employed (sometimes as much as 90 per cent)
not only was there a very considerable waste of dye, but also the colors which
could be produced were necessarily pale and deficient in density and brilliancy, as
well as fugitive.
The objects of my invention are to prevent the waste of the dye or coloring
matter, and to obtain a bright and uniform shade of color, on both sides of the
paper alike, with increased durability, and this I propose to accomplish by dyeing
the paper (after manufacture) by the aid of pressure which forces the dye or
coloring matter through every fibre of the paper and the result is that a far more
brilliant color is produced and at the same time a considerable economy is effected
both as regards material and cost of production, and darker and richer colors can
be obtained than was possible by the old process of dyeing the pulp in the rag
engine

page_text: The construction and application of the apparatus which I employ for this
purpose will be readily understood on reference to the drawing hereunto annexed
and the following explanation thereof.
The drawing represents a longitudinal section of the apparatus-a, a being the
framework and b, 6 the roll of paper in the dry state-c, c is a color box or trough
in which is a furnishing roller d, d which takes up the color from the trough c, c
and lays it onto an endless felt e, e, or it may be supplied to the felt by means of
a spray or jet. f, f is a bar or "doctor" covered with felt which regulates the
amount of color and spreads it evenly over the surface of the felt e- -The latter
passes round a roller g, g which is pressed upon by a felt covered roller h, h which
is held down by the weighted levers i, i (one at each side of the machine).
The endless felt e, e also passes between two other pressure rollers k, k and round
guide rollers l, m, m are two additional pressing rollers for improving the finish
of the paper; the upper roller of this pair may be provided with an endless felt
nn as shown on the drawing.
The paper from these rollers m m passes on round two ordinary steam drying
cylinders (not shown on the drawing) and is then wound onto a reel or roller.
Beneath the squeezing rollers k, k (one of which is heated by steam) is placed a
trough o, o for receiving the superfluous color which is pressed out by the rollers
and runs down a pipe p, p into a tank q, q whence it is raised by a pump r, r
into the cistern s, s which supplies the color box c, c and thus the dye or coloring
matter is used over and over again and none of it is wasted.
The paper passes from the roll b, b first between the pressure roller h, h and the
endless felt e, e which is saturated with the color and transfers it to the paper at
the same time that it supports the latter, and the pressure of the top roller h, h
forces the dye or color through every fibre of the paper.
The paper is then carried on still supported by the endless felt through the
second pair of pressure rollers k, k, which squeeze out the superfluous dye and
partly dry the paper; after which it does not require any further support. It then
passes through the finishing or calendering rollers m, m and then finally round the
drying cylinders onto the reel or roller.
In some cases when a very deep color is required I employ an additional color
box underneath the felt as shown by dotted lines at t, t.
The rollers which carry the paper through the apparatus are all driven at the
same surface speed by means of endless bands or belts u, u or by other equivalent
gearing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature and object of my
said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is :-
First the method of dyeing tissue and other papers after manufacture by pressing
the dye or coloring matter through the same by means of a pair of pressure rollers,
at the same time that it is supported by an endless felt or cloth previously charged
with the dye, passing round the lower roller.
Secondly. I claim the construction and combination of apparatus for effecting
this object substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawing
annexed.
Thirdly. I claim especially the endless felt or cloth for supporting the dyed paper,
in its wet state and carrying it through the machine.
0

page_text: Apparatus therefor.
I JAMES FLETCHER of Kearsley Paper Mills Stoneclough near Manchester in the
County of Lancaster Paper Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING TISSUE AND OTHER PAPERS AND IN APPARATUS
THEREFOR" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly.
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
Hitherto colored tissue and other papers have been manufactured by mixing the
dye or coloring matter with the pulp in the rag engine and then manufacturing the
paper from the pulp thus previously dyed or colored.
By this method of manufacture a very considerable portion of the dye or
coloring matter was entirely lost or wasted as it passed away with the water
which was drained from the pulp in the process of manufacture; and in consequence
of the very large proportion of water employed (sometimes as much as 90 per cent)
not only was there a very considerable waste of dye, but also the colors which
could be produced were necessarily pale and deficient in density and brilliancy, as
well as fugitive.
The objects of my invention are to prevent the waste of the dye or coloring
matter, and to obtain a bright and uniform shade of color, on both sides of the
paper alike, with increased durability, and this I propose to accomplish by dyeing
the paper (after manufacture) by the aid of pressure which forces the dye or
coloring matter through every fibre of the paper and the result is that a far more
brilliant color is produced and at the same time a considerable economy is effected
both as regards material and cost of production, and darker and richer colors can
be obtained than was possible by the old process of dyeing the pulp in the rag
engine.
The construction and application of the apparatus which I employ for this
purpose will be readily understood on reference to the drawing hereunto annexed
and the following explanation thereof.
The drawing represents a longitudinal section of the apparatus-a, a being the
framework and b, b the roll of paper in the dry state-c, c is a color box or trough
in which is a furnishing roller d, d which takes up the color from the trough c, c
and lays it onto an endless felt e, e, or it may be supplied to the felt by means of
a spray or jet. f, f is a bar or "doctor" covered with felt which regulates the

page_text: amount of color and spreads it evenly over the surface of the felt e, e-The latter
passes round a roller g, g which is pressed upon by a felt covered roller h, h which
is held down by the weighted levers i, i (one at each side of the machine).
The endless felt e, e also passes between two other pressure rollers k, k and round
guide rollers, -m, m are two additional pressing rollers for improving the finish
of the paper; the upper roller of this pair may be provided with an endless felt
n, n as shown on the drawing.
The paper from these rollers m m passes on round two ordinary steam drying
cylinders (not shown on the drawing) and is then wound onto a reel or roller.
Beneath the squeezing rollers k, k (one of which is heated by steam) is placed a
trough o, o for receiving the superfluous color which is pressed out by the rollers
and runs down a pipe p, p into a tank q, q whence it is raised by a pump r, r
into the cistern 8, 8 which supplies the color box c, c and thus the dye or coloring
matter is used over and over again and none of it is wasted.
The paper passes from the roll b, b first between the pressure roller h, h and the
endless felt e, e which is saturated with the color and transfers it to the paper at
the same time that it supports the latter, and the pressure of the top roller h, h.
forces the dye or color through every fibre of the paper.
The paper is then carried on still supported by the endless felt through the
second pair of pressure rollers k, k, which squeeze out the superfluous dye and
partly dry the paper; after which it does not require any further support. It then
passes through the finishing or calendering rollers m, m and then finally round the
drying cylinders onto the reel or roller.
In some cases when a very deep color is required I employ an additional color
box underneath the felt as shown by dotted lines at t, t.
The rollers which carry the paper through the apparatus are all driven at the
same surface speed by means of endless bands or belts u, u or by other equivalent
gearing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature and object of my
said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is :-
First the method of dyeing tissue and other papers after manufacture by pressing
the dye or coloring matter through the same by means of a pair of pressure rollers,
at the same time that it is supported by an endless felt or cloth passing round the
lower roller.
Secondly. I claim the construction and combination of apparatus for effecting
this object substantially as hereinbefore described, and illustrated by
the drawing
annexed, and
Thirdly. I claim especially the endless felt or cloth for supporting the dyed paper
in its wet state and carrying it through the machine.