Improvements in Driving and Brake Devices for Cycles.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Driving and Brake Devices for Cycles.
I, CYPRIEN BERNARD LALANNE, of 15bis, Boulevard St. Denis, Paris, in the
Republic of France, Manufacturer of Velocipedes, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
The improved driving and brake device which forms the subject of my invention
consists of a central spindle or axis fixed in the usual way in the wheel-fork of
the cycle. Round the spindle is fitted freely a tubular axle revolving freely
upon it with the intervention of antifriction balls of the usual kind, adjusted by
nuts screwed into the ends of the tubular axles. A. hollow hub to which the
spokes of the wheel are attached in the usual way, revolves freely upon the
tubular axle last described, also with the intervention of anti-friction balls
adjusted by cones screwed upon the latter. Upon the tubular axis are screwed,
near its ends, two independent discs. One of these discs is formed at its circum-
ference with angular notches pointing in the direction of the forward movement
of the cycle, and fitted with rollers moving between the base of the notches and the
The other
inner sides of a recess in the end of the hub, which surrounds them.
disc, at the opposite end of the tubular axis, is formed with angular notches
pointing in the reverse direction, and also fitted with rollers arranged inside a
recess at the end of the hub, but with the intervention of a metal ring round the
A dise
rollers, and a thickness of leather between the metal ring and the recess.
or collar fitting upon the spindle and tubular axis carries and holds the metal
ring, which (as well as the thickness of leather) is divided at a point of its circum-
ference, so as to allow it to expand sufficiently.
The action of the apparatus constructed and arranged as described is as
follows: When starting to ride forward, a toothed pinion upon the end of the
hollow axis carries with it the latter and the first described notched disc.
By this movement the rollers round the latter become jammed against the recess
in the end of the hub, which with the wheel is also set in revolution. When the
rider ceases to drive the pedals, the rollers are set free, and the wheel continues
to revolve forward, by reason of the speed which it has acquired.
So far the rollers at the other end of the hub have rested freely at the bottom
of their notches, but if now the rider commences to back pedal, these rollers
become jammed against the divided metal ring which becomes somewhat expanded
and presses the thickness of leather round it against the recess in the end of the
hub, serving as a brake to the latter, and to the wheel, which is retarded with an
effect proportioned to the effort of the rider in back pedalling.
T 071 dov of Aust 1898
EDWARDS AND CO.,
65 and 66, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Driving and Brake Devices for Cycles.
I, CYPRIEN BERNARD LALANNE, formerly of 15bi, Boulevard St. Denis, Paris,
now of 9, Rue du Four des Raines, Provins, in the Republic of France, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
->
The present invention relates to a driving and brake device for cycles and other
vehicles, and is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:-
Figure 1 represents a section through the longitudinal axis of a cycle wheel
provided with the improved brake device.
Figures 2 and 3 represent in cross section, the arrangement of the clutch
rollers.
Figures 4 and 5 represent parts of the brake in section and plan.
The device comprises an ordinary axle a for the support of the wheel which
axle is provided with cones s, preferably formed upon and integral with it. On
this axle a revolves, on balls 1) a tubular axle A, to which are secured cups M
provided with an orifice for the central axle a. A bub C of hardened steel
encloses, on the one hand, all the mechanism of the brake, and on the other the
driving mechanisın. To this hub are fixed the spokes of the wheel, the hub
revolving round the tubular axle A on balls N arranged between the cups o and
the coness which can be adjusted on the tubular axle; the one to the right being
provided with a right handed screw thread while that of the one to the left is left
handed.
To the right hand end of this tubular axle is screwed a crown or disc I pro-
vided with inclined or tapering recesses inclined in the direction of forward
movement, in which are arranged rollers J. On the other side is another disc or
crown K provided with similar recesses but inclined in a direction opposite to
that of the recesses of the first disc, and provided with rollers L. The rollers J
are so formed and arranged as to effect a sufficiently firm wedging action between
the disc and the inner wall of the hub G, to produce by the interlocking the
forward movement of the wheel.
The rollers L contained in the recesses of the disc K are also intended to pro-
duce a wedging action between this disc and the ring B fixed behind the part E,
which is fixed against the end of the hub device.
The ring B is provided on its periphery with a leather strip H. the ends being
so formed, as at G as to allow its opening out on the interior surface of the hub,
when the wedging action is produced, in order to produce sufficient friction to
stop the machine.
The part E serves as a cover for the brake device on the left hand side, while
the device on the other side is protected against dirt and dust by a ring R screwed
into the hub.
This ring R, shaped like a V in the drawing (Figure 1) is, by its shape,
intended to receive the casing enclosing the pinion P in the case of chain-less
cycles.
In con-
After this description the operation of the brake will be easily understood:
When starting the vehicle the pinion P, being put in rotation, will communicate
its movement to the tubular axle A, and through it, to the disc T.
sequence of this movement the rollers J become wedged between the disc and
the hub so that these parts become rigidly connected. The transmission of move-
ment from the pinion to the wheel is thus established and will exist as long as
forward pedalling is continued.

page_text: When, however, the action on the pinion P ceases, in other words, when
pedalling is stopped, the rollers J involved in the rotation of the wheel descend
into the wider part of the recesses and remain free at the bottom of the recesses
having no longer any effect on the movement, i.e., the wheel becomes loose and
only rotates by reason of inertia.
In this way the cyclist may descend an incline with his feet on the pedals,
which will not rotate and on arriving at the bottom of the incline it is only
necessary to again pedal forward to bring the clutch into action.
If now the cyclist back pedals the rollers J remain at the bottom of the
recesses and have no effect; the disc K connected to the tubular axle turns
slightly backwards, in consequence of which movement the rollers L are gripped
between their recesses and the split ring B.
The ring is thereupon expanded and the leather which surrounds it is pressed
against the interior surface of the hub C and this effect is increased in proportion
to the force expended in back-pedalling.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A driving and brake device for cycles and other vehicles comprising a series
of rollers arranged in tapered recesses in a disc, such as I, and between said
disc and the inner surface of a hub such as C for driving in a forward direction;
and another series of rollers adapted to engage between a second disc such as K
also provided with tapered recesses, arranged however in a contrary direction
to those of the first disc and a split ring preferably lined on the outside with leather
adapted to be expanded and pressed against the inner side of the hub when
motion is imparted in a backward direction, substantially as described.
2. The complete driving and brake device substantially as described or illus-
trated in the accompanying drawings.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.