Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 14th June, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 14th Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 20th Apr., 1889
I, RICHARD TOOLEY WILLCOCKS of the firm of Willcocks and Son, of Buckfastleigh
in the County of Devon, Engineer and Paper Manufacturer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to produce machinery for the manufacture of what is
called hand made paper.
Hitherto attempts have been made to produce such machinery, but the paper so
manufactured has not been produced except as in an ordinary machine where the pulp
has been allowed to flow in the ordinary way whereas by my invention I have the
pulp under control as it were throughout its course and I am enabled to produce a
paper equal in strength and quality throughout.
According to my invention I employ deckles arranged and applied to the ordinary
wire in such manner that the said deckles form frames or spaces for the reception of
the pulp to be made into the size of paper required, or in other words I make the
deckles or revolving bands into frames with cross bars and intermediate bars thereon
and at such intervals apart as may be required according to the size of paper to be
made. These deckles or frames may be made of india rubber or of any other suitable
material with gear chains applied or any other convenient means for keeping them in
the required position as the wire travels with the deckles thereon and at the same speed
as the wire itself. The deckles are arranged so as to form spaces or divisions on the
wire of the size of the paper to be produced. The vacuum, which may be produced in
the ordinary way, acts on the pulp before the deckles are removed from the wire
whereby the vacuum is not destroyed by the spaces produced on the removal of the
deckles.
As the deckles continue to revolve they return to the front end of the machine where
they descend and pass through a water trough or they may be washed before the
operation is repeated in any other convenient way.
The pulp is fed to the deckle frames or spaces from a trough or receiver, such trough
or receiver extending across the machine and being arranged to deliver the required

page_text: quantity of pulp to the deckles, and this may be effected either continuously or inter-
mittently through the action of valves or by displacement or by tipping or in any
other convenient manner so that the required quantity of pulp is, or may be, fed to
each space or frame immediately that such space or frame arrives under the feed so
that just the quantity of pulp required, and only that quantity, is quickly delivered at
the proper moment.
The machine may be supported on knuckle or other joints, and combined vibratory
and reciprocating motion given to the same through the action of cams, cranks, or
eccentrics or a combination thereof.
R. T. WILLCOCKS.
By Brewer & Son,
33, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agents.

page_text: I, RICHARD TOOLEY WILLCOCKS, of the firm of Willcocks and Son, of Buckfastleigh,
in the County of Devon, Engineer, and Paper Manufacturer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to construct machinery for the manufacture of what is
called hand made paper.
Hitherto attempts have been made to produce such machinery, but the paper so
manufactured has not been produced except as in an ordinary machine where the pulp
has been allowed to flow in the ordinary way, whereas by my invention I have the
pulp under control as it were throughout its course, and I am enabled to produce a
paper equal in strength and quality throughout.
The invention will be fully understood by describing same with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a diagramatical view in clevation of so much of a paper making machine
constructed according to my invention as will be necessary to explain same. Figure 2
is a plan of Figure 1, with the top portion removed. Figure 3 is a plan on a larger
scale than Figures 1 and 2, and Figure 4 is a longitudinal vertical section of one of
the deckles and a portion of those adjoining. Figure is a vertical section on a still
larger scale through the line x. y of Figure 3, shewing the position of the driving chain
in the frame. Figure 6 is a sectional side elevation, and Figure 7 is a plan of another
arrangement for admitting and distributing the pulp to the deckles.
Similar letters of reference refer to like parts in all the figures.
According to my invention I employ deckles or moulds arranged and applied to the
ordinary wire in such manner that the said deckles form frames, spaces, or moulds
thereon for the reception of the pulp whereby the size of the paper which is to be made
is thus defined. The deckles are marked A in Figures 1 and 2 and are shewn in
detail at Figures 3, 4 and 5, and they are preferably made of india rubber (or of
other suitable material such as gutta percha or canvas) being formed into flexible
moulds or frames A with crossbars A' and intermediate bars A2 at such distances apart
as may be required according to the size of the paper to be made and the said moulds
or frames A are, or may be, joined together by means of bolts or screws taking into a
fillet of metal A³ as is shewn in the drawings. The deckles may be made of any
required size and joined together as described or the said moulds or frames A may be
made in one piece forming a continuous length in the form of an endless band. The
deckles or moulds being made or joined together into the form of an endless band are
mounted on rollers B B¹ (Figure 1) and are caused to travel upon and at the same
speed as, the wire C being in this case driven by the roller B¹ by any suitable
gearing.
Gear chains D Figure 3, or other equivalent devices being provided for keeping the
said deckles in the required position in relation to the wire C, and the chains D may
be sunk in the edges of the deckle frames A as shewn at Figure 5. In the drawing
Figure 1, E are the rollers carrying the wire C.
The vacuum which may be produced in the, ordinary way acts on the pulp by

page_text: the vacuum box F which is so situated that it takes effect on the pulp before
the deckles A are removed from contact with the wire C whereby the vacuum
is not destroyed as it otherwise would be by the spaces produced when the deckle
frames or moulds are lifted from the wire to be carried over the upper carrying
rollers B.
As the deckles A continue to be carried over the rollers B they return to the front
end of the machine where they descend and pass through a water trough G for the
purpose of washing them, or they may be washed before the operation is repeated in
any other convenient manner.
The pulp is fed to the deckle frames A as shewn at Figures 1 and 2 from a conveying
shoot H Figure 2 extending across the machine and from this shoot it flows into
troughs J from which it is delivered either continuously or as I prefer intermittently
by displacement or tipping or by the action of valves or in any other convenient
manner so that the required quantity of pulp is fed to each of the spaces formed upon
the wire C by the frames or moulds A immediately that the said frames or moulds
arrive under the feeding troughs J and so that just the quantity of. pulp, and only that
quantity is quickly delivered at the proper moment.
In Figures 1 and 2 the pulp is delivered by a displacing mechanism, the displacers
being immersed in the troughs J by a lever K to which they are connected fulcrummed
at K and its other extending arm being provided with a tooth K2 which is acted on
intermittently by a pin fixed on a rotating wheel L which lifting the lever immerses
the displacers and causes the pulp to overflow the edges of the trough J and fall into
the moulds or frames A and on to the travelling wire C.
Figures 6 and 7 shew an arrangement for delivering the pulp by tipping; H is the
pulp conveying shoot for supplying the troughs J, each of which latter are supported
on pivots at each end. On one of the pivots Ji of each trough J there is fixed an
arm K and the upper ends of the arms K are pivotted to a bar M free to slide in
bearings M. To the bar M an intermittent reciprocating motion is given by means
of a bell crank lever None arm of which is connected to the bar M and the other being
acted upon by a pin on a rotating wheel L.
The herein described pulp delivering devices must be so timed as to deliver a certain
quantity of pulp evenly all over that surface of the wire defined by the mould or
frame A directly the said frame comes into proper position for receiving it.
When in action the deckles A pass through the water trough G and pass at the
same speed and in contact with the wire C under the supply troughs J from which
they receive a supply of pulp as described, a vibratory motion being given to the wire
and moulds in the usual way.
The pulp in its forward movement is then acted upon by the vacuum as it passes
over the vacuum box F and immediately afterwards the deckles A are lifted off the
wire C and pass over the upper rollers B. The pulp, or as it may now be called paper,
is carried on by the wire, and passes through the couch rolls P which are or may he
covered with india-rubber or other suitable material. The top roll P¹ carries an
endless felt by which the sheet is taken off the wire and carried between one or more
pairs of press rolls R made either of metal, india-rubber or other suitable material.
The top roll R carries a felt as shewn so that the sheets of paper are pressed between
two felts, the sheets are then taken off from the felt S by hand or any other suitable
way as may be desired or required.
The machine consisting of wire, deckles, and couch rolls, may be supported on
knuckle, ball, or other joints, and vibratory motion given to the same through the
action of cams, cranks, or eccentrics, or a combination thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First: In paper making machines, the travelling deckles A as described and
illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and particularly Figures 3, 4
and 5

page_text: Second: In paper making machines the combination with the ordinary wire of
travelling deckles constructed as described and forming frames, moulds or spaces
for the pulp, the said deckles, moulds, or frames, corresponding in size with that.
of the paper to be produced and travelling on the wire to the driving roller'
substantially as described and illustrated with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Third In paper making machines having travelling deckles A constructed as
described, the combination therewith of troughs, valves, or any other convenient
devices, for delivering the required quantity of pulp to the said deckles, moulds, or
deckle frames, from a trough or receiver all constructed and acting substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
Fourth The supporting of that portion of the machine consisting of wire, framing
deckles, and couch rolls, on knuckle, ball, or other joints, vibratory motion being given
to the same by means of the action of cams, cranks, eccentrics, or a combination
thereof, substantially as set forth.
Fifth The general arrangement, construction and action of paper-making machines,
comprised substantially of deckles or moulds A travelling on rollers B B¹, water
troughs G, vacuum box F, wire C, rollers E, troughs J, and intermittent pulp
delivering devices substantially as set forth.