SWINGING CHURNS
Year: 1886

page_text: I, WILLIAM J. TEMPLE a citizen of the United States of America & resident of
Hampden in the County of Penobscot & State of Maine one of said United States,
Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for SWINGING CHURNS
& in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described &
ascertained in & by the following statement:-
My invention relates to an improvement in Swinging Churns of the class in
which a rotary motion is imparted to the dasher shaft by means of a pinion upon
such shaft or a continuation thereof engaging with a stationary rack & is fully
illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a front view with certain portions in vertical section indicated in the
usual manner.
Fig. 2 is a back view of the bearing or head-piece B.
Fig. 3 is an isometric view of the bracket & arm for suspending the churn.
Similar letters refer to corresponding parts throughout the figures.
The object of my invention is to provide a churn which may be operated with as
much regularity & ease of motion as the nature of the case admits & with a
minimum of effort to the operator.
My improved churn is constructed as follows. I provide a swinging frame
A A A C for holding the vessel E containing the cream, the bottom A¹ of the
frame affording a seat for the vessel E. I attach side pieces or straps A A
extending upwards & preferably inclined inwardly toward their tops where they
are rigidly secured to the top-piece C of the frame. The whole frame & the
vessel or churn supported by it are designed to be swung backward & forward like
a pendulum. To this end the frame may be suspended from any suitable support
& attached to such support in any way which will admit of a free swinging
motion. This may be accomplished in various ways but the manner which I have
adopted is more fully described hereinafter.
I provide the loose bearing B adapted to be secured to a fixed support
preferably by means of the flanges bb upon its back in engagement with the
arm Y & bracket W as hereinafter described. From the face & near the top of
the bearing B projects horizontally forward the shaft or spindle D. The bearing
is in the shape of a segment of a circle having its centre at D & a radius of
convenient length & carrying on its face near its circumference the curved bevelled
rack R,

page_text: The top piece C of the frame is preferably somewhat similar in shape to the
bearing B & is provided with a box near its top whereby it is suspended
from & turns upon the spindle D. At H is an aperture in the top-piece C to
make place for the bevelled pinion P formed upon & turning with the shaft T
which is journalled in boxes cc in the top & bottom walls of the aperture H. The
pinion P is preferably mounted upon the hub m & so placed on the shaft T as to
be opposite to & engage with the rack R. It projects downward from the top-
piece C nearly to the top of the churn-vessel E & is detachably coupled to the
dasher shaft T¹ which carries the dasher F by the vertically sliding sleeve S or
other equivalent device.
If preferred the spindle D may be formed upon the back of the top piece C
& would then turn in a box formed for the purpose in the bearing B.
The vessel E is held upon the seat A¹ by set screws tt passing through the
side-straps AA of the frame or in any suitable manner.
I have further provided means for supporting & suspending the whole device.
Upon the back side of the bearing B as shown in Fig. 2 I form the flanges b b
inclining toward each other at their upper ends and having their inner sides
receeding toward the back of the bearing B from which they project. I provide
the disc or bracket W adapted to be screwed or otherwise secured to a wall or
other fixed support having upon its face the flanges ww inclining toward each
other at their lower ends & having their inner sides receeding toward the face of
the disc And I further provide the arm Y preferably ribbed for strength provided
at each end with the dovetaile tapering downward & upward respectively to fit
into the spaces between the flanges ww & b b. The dovetail y being adjusted
between the flanges ww is supported thereby & the arm Y projects at a right angle
from the bracket W & the dovetail y being adjusted between the flanges b b, the
bearing B & the whole churn connected thereto is supported. When not in use the
churn, or churn & arm Y can be raised clear of the bracket W & deposited in any
convenient place leaving in its position on the wall or elsewhere the bracket W.
As many brackets as desired can be secured at convenient points & the churn can
be transported from place to place & adjusted upon any of such brackets.
The whole device may also if desired be suspended from ordinary brackets fixed
to a solid support or to hooks from the ceiling or upon a frame or horse or in
any convenient manner.
In operation the vessel E is supplied with cream- -the dasher F placed in position
with its shaft T projecting upward through an aperture in the cover O of the
vessel E. The shaft T is coupled to the shaft T & the vessel E & the frame in
which it is suspended pushed sidewise the whole swinging upon the spindle D.
The pinion P in engagement with the rack R causes the shaft T to revolve & also
the shaft T which carries with it the dasher F. Upon the return swing caused
by the weight of the apparatus & the contents of the vessel E the revolution of the
pinion P, shafts TT, & the dasher F, is reversed. The swinging motion is continued
until the churning is completed.
By this method the cream is subjected to a continuous, even, & what may be
termed a compound motion from the swing of the frame & the simultaneous
rotation of the dasher reversing with each oscillation-It must also be obvious
that, as the churn operates partly on the principle of the pendulum, motion having
been once communicated to it, only the slightest force is thereafterwards required
to maintain the motion & this irrespective of the amount of cream churned at one
time.
As a convenient means of applying the force necessary to maintain the motion,
I sometimes form an arm or lever L across the front of the side straps AA & one
end of the lever being grasped motion is then imparted to the whole by a simple
up & down motion of the hand. To the opposite end of the lever L the weight Z
movable on said lever & adjustable by a set-screw z or other suitable device may
be attached to assist the return swing of the frame.

page_text: My churn operates so easily that once started the weight of the hand alone with
scarcely a perceptible exertion of force is sufficient to perform the operation of
churning which is accomplished in an unusually short space of time. With slight
modifications it may be adapted to serve the purposes & perform the work of an
ice-cream freezer.
I am aware that churns swinging on the principle of the pendulum are not
new & that in such churns rotary motion has been communicated to the dasher
shaft by means of a pinion upon such shaft engaging with a stationary rack &
I therefore do not claim a swinging churn broadly or broadly the method of
rotating the dasher shaft by means of a pinion engaging with such rack; but
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion & in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a swinging churn wherein the dasher is rotated by means of a pinion upon
the dasher shaft engaging with a stationary rack, the loose bearing B adapted to
be secured to a fixed support & provided with the spindle D and curved rack R
substantially as described.
2. In a swinging churn the combination of the loose bearing B adapted_to
be secured to a fixed support & provided with spindle D & curved rack R;
frame A A A C sleeved & suspended at its upper end & turning upon said spindle;
shaft T having pinion P near its upper end; dasher shaft T¹ carrying dasher F
& coupled to said shaft T by sleeve S or equivalent device and churn body E
secured in said frame substantially as described.
3. In a swinging churn the combination of the loose bearing B adapted to
be secured to a fixed support & provided with spindle D & curved rack R;
frame A A A C sleeved & suspended at its upper end & turning upon said spindle;
shaft T having pinion P near its upper end; dasher shaft T carrying dasher F
& coupled to said shaft T by sleeve S or equivalent device; churn body E and
lever L secured to said frame with or without the weight Z substantially as
described.
4. The herein described device for detachably suspending a swinging churn
consisting of the combination of the bracket W having on its face the flanges w w
inclining outwardly at their upper ends & with their inner sides receeding toward
said bracket; arm Y terminating at one end in the downwardly tapering dove-
tail y & at the other in the upwardly tapering dovetail y¹; and bearing B having
on its back the flanges b b inclining outwardly at their lower ends & with their
inner sides receeding toward said bearing substantially as described.
Dated AL Bangor In де County and State aforesaid this 22nd day of
Dated AL Bancor
December 1885.
Witnesses,
GEO. G. BARKER.
H. S. FRENCH.
10 Lne COUILLY ади
CUTS 3443
WILLIAM J. TEMPLE.