IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Henry Johnson, F.C.S., of Lea Bank
Works, Stratford, in the County of Essex, Chemist, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES."
Sealed the 16th October 1874, and dated the 15th August 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Henry
Johnson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 15th August 1874.
I, SAMUEL HENRY JOHNSON, F.C.S., of Lea Bank Works, Stratford,
in the County of Essex, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES," to be as
follows:
My Invention consists of a new method of constructing a cock or
valve for regulating the flow of liquids or gases as an ordinary draw-off
bib or stop-cock, and the improved cock, being capable of resisting a
high pressure, is also especially applicable as an hydraulic valve to
regulate the supply to and draw-off from hydraulic presses.

page_text: The improved cock consists of a tube through which the fluid passes,
which tube is stopped with an internal diaphragm, at each side of which
in the tube are ports or passages, through which the fluid can pass from
the interior to the exterior of the tube. Upon the tube, and concentric
therewith, is a cylindrical sliding jacket or casing, packed at each end
so as to prevent the passage of the fluid betweeen the ends of the
cylindrical casing and the tube. When the cylindrical casing is placed
by sliding it along the tube, so as to include between the packings the
ports on each side of the diaphragm, then there will be a free passage
for the fluid through one series of ports into the cylindrical casing round
the diaphragm, and through the other ports into the part of the tube
beyond the diaphragm. To stop the flow of the fluid it is only necessary
to slide the casing on the tube until the packing at one end has passed
over the outlet ports. When I use this construction for high-pressure
water or for hydraulic presses, then I employ hydraulic leathers of the
usual forms, but when I employ it for steam I use a gland and stuffing
box at each end of the casing..
In applying the cock to hydraulic presses, I employ it not only to open
and close the communication with the accumulator or other source of
supply, but also to draw off the water from the press. As soon as the
packing leather has passed the slits at the side of the cock next to the
press, the water is able to flow back from the press through these slits,
and I provide in the sliding part of the cock a small chamber to receive
the water. With this chamber a spout or flexible pipe is connected to
lead the waste water away to a drain.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 13th February 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
HENRY JOHNSON, F.C.S., of Lea Bank Works, Stratford, in the County 3
of Essex, Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-

page_text: cighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Henry Johnson, Her
special license, that I, the said Samuel Henry Johnson, my exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Samuel Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Samuel Henry
Johnson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
T
cighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Henry Johnson, Her
special license, that I, the said Samuel Henry Johnson, my exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Samuel Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Samuel Henry
Johnson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Henry Johnson, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :—
My Invention consists of a new method of constructing a cock or
valve for regulating the flow of liquids or gases as an ordinary draw-off
bib or stop-cock, and the improved cock, being capable of resisting a
high pressure, is also especially applicable as an hydraulic valve to
regulate the supply to and draw-off from hydraulic presses.
The improved cock consists of a tube through which the fluid passes,
which tube is stopped with an internal diaphragm, at each side of which
in the tube are ports or passages, through which the fluid can pass from
the interior to the exterior of the tube. Upon the tube, and concentric
therewith, is a cylindrical sliding jacket or casing packed at each end
so as to prevent the passage of the fluid between the ends of the
cylindrical casing and the tube. When the cylindrical casing is placed
by sliding it along the tube so as to include between the packings the
ports on each side of the diaphragm, then there will be a free passage
for the fluid through one series of ports into the cylindrical casing round

page_text: the diaphragm, and through the other ports into the part of the tube.
beyond the diaphragm. To stop the flow of the fluid it is only necessary
to slide the casing on the tube until the packing at one end has passed
over the outlet ports. When I use this construction for high-pressure.
water or for hydraulic presses, then I employ hydraulic leathers of the
usual forms, but when I employ it for steam I use a gland and stuffing,
box at each end of the casing.
In applying the cock to hydraulic presses I employ it not only to open
and close the communication with the accumulator or other source of
As soon as the
supply, but also to draw off the water from the press.
packing leather has passed the slits at the side of the cock next to the
press, the water is able to flow back from the press through these slits,'
and I provide in the sliding part of the cock a small chamber to receive
the water. With this chamber a spout or flexible pipe is connected to
lead the waste water away to a drain.
2014
In order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings here-
unto annexed.
bib or stop-cock constructed according to my Invention.
a, a, is a tube connected with the source of supply. It is stopped at a¹,
and on each side of the stop are ports or passages a² by which the fluid
can pass. b is a jacket or casing capable of sliding on the tube a. It is
provided at the ends with cupped leathers ', and these are held in their
places by the screw caps 62, so that no escape can take place past the
ends of the jacket or casing b.
In place of cupped leathers fibrous or other packing may be employed.
When the jacket or casing 6 is in the position in which it is repre-
sented in the Drawings, it is evident that the fluid can pass freely from
the tube a through the ports or passages a², a², to the delivery spout c,
but when the jacket or casing is slidden to the left hand as far as the
stop a on the exterior of the tube a will admit, then the ports or
passages a² which are on the right-hand side will not be open to the
interior of the jacket or casing b, and no flow can take place.

page_text: Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of a similiar stop-cock or valve
adapted to regulate the supply of water to and the drawing-off of water
from the cylinder of an hydraulic press. In this arrangement beyond the
cup leather b¹ to the right hand a chamber d is provided within the cap b².
It is furnished with an outlet d', with which a flexible tube. may be
connected to lead away the water returning from the cylinder of the
press to any convenient receptacle. When the jacket or casing 6 is
moved to the left hand the chamber d corresponds with the ports
or passages a² on the right-hand side, and the water is free to flow back
from the cylinder into the chamber, and so away by the outlet d'. An
additional cupped leather d is provided to prevent leakage. When the
cap b² is screwed up, the perforated ring or distance piece d³ serves to nip
and secure the edges of both the cupped leathers within the right-hand
cup.
What I claim is the construction of cocks or valves, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Henry Johnson, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
.