Improvements in Appliances for Ventilating and Regulating Temperature and Moisture in Weaving Sheds, Workshops, or other Buildings.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 7th May, 1892-Accepted, 11th June, +1892:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Appliances for Ventilating and Regulating
Temperature and Moisture in Weaving Sheds, Workshops, or
other Buildings.
We THOMAS KENYON of No. 105 New Park Street, Blackburn in the County
of Lancaster, Mill Manager and ELIJAH BLACKLEDGE of No. 87 Montague Street
Blackburn aforesaid, Engine Tenter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows.:-
This invention relates to improvements in and additional appliances for purpose
aforesaid, for which application for Royal Letters Patent was made by the present
applicants on the 18th day of July 1891 No. 12205; the present invention comprises
improvements in the bricks or blocks employed and for ensuring circulation of air
through such blocks and for distribution or discharge of air.
According to this our said invention we employ blocks in or above the floor of
the shop or shed the blocks having longitudinal perforations or passage ways for
air and for water. The air passage by preference we form through the centre of
each brick or block and of size considerably larger than the water passages. Such
surfaces of the bricks as are not to be utilized for giving off humid or heated'air,
are glazed, the ends of each block or brick being jointed to its fellows, so as to
secure a continuous passage way having outlet ways at intervals through which by
way of gratings, or stand pipes the moistened or heated air will pass into the shop,
shed or other place where required. A cowl or cover being over the outlet so as to
protect the air passage from obstructing by accumulation of dust and dirt.
..
The circulation of air through the passage way in the blocks or bricks is
attained through the action of the ordinary ventilators, or by means of fan or fans,
or like ineans; for forcing or for exhausting, so as to ensure the required'circulation
of air."
Did th7h 1 of 1001.
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Bank Chambers, Waterhouse Street, Halifax, Agent for the Applicants: -
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Appliances for Ventilating and Regulating
Temperature and Moisture in Weaving Sheds, Workshops, or
other Buildings.
We THOMAS KENYON of No. 105 New Park Street, Blackburn, in the County
of Lancaster, Mill Manager, and ELIJAH BLACKLEDGE of No. 87 Montague Street,
Blackburn aforesaid, Engine Tenter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the method of and means employed for
regulating the temperature, 'and humidity of the air in weaving sheds; workshops,
and other buildings, and consists of bricks, or blocks of fire clay, cement, burnt
clay, or other porous, or semi porous material through: holes, or passage ways in
which water or water and air of the requisite temperature is caused to circulate,
and being absorbed by and evaporating from the surface of the bricks or blocks
cools the air, or renders it more or less humid according to the' temperature 'of the
water circulating through the bricks or blocks which are used to cover the floor of
the weaving shed, or workshop.

page_text: According to this our said invention we employ porous, or semi porous bricks, or
blocks, level with or above the floor of the shop or shed the blocks or brick having
longitudinal perforations or passage ways for air and for water.
The air passage we form by preference through the centre of each brick or block,
and of size considerably larger than the water passages. Such surfaces of the
bricks or blocks as are not to be utilized for giving off humid or heated air are
glazed, the ends of each block or brick being jointed to its fellows, so as to secure
a continuous passage way having outlets at intervals through which by way of
gratings or stand pipes the moistened or heated air will pass into the shop, shed or
other place where required. A cowl or cover is placed over the outlet as to protect
the passage ways from obstruction by accumulation of dust and dirt.
The circulation of air through the passage ways in the blocks, or bricks is
attained by the action of ordinary ventilators or by means of a fan, or fans, or like
means for forcing or exhausting.
Such being the nature and object of our said invention the following is a
complete description of same reference being made to the accompanying drawings
in which :-
Fig. 1 is an oblique view of two of the improved blocks, or bricks having a
standpipe as outlet way for the heated, humid, or cooled air.
Fig. 2. is a similar view to Fig. 1 but the outlet is by way of an ordinary grating.
Fig. 3 is a section of block or brick and grating on line A, B of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is an end sectional clevation of a block or brick made in two parts the
outlet being by way of an ordinary grating.
Fig. 5 is a sectional end elevation of the upper part of the brick or block without
outlet way.
Fig. 6 is a sectional side elevation of Fig. 4.
According to this our said invention we employ bricks, or blocks 1. 1 made of
fire clay, cement, burnt clay or other porous or semi-porous material, such blocks
or bricks 1. 1. are laid in, and level with, or on and above the bevel of the floor 2
of the shop, or shed and the blocks have longitudinal perforations, or passage way 3.
for air and also longitudinal passage ways, or perforations 4 for water. The air
passage 3 by preference we form through the centre of each brick or block 1 and
of size, or capacity considerably larger than the water passage ways 4. The blocks
or bricks 1. 1 are laid end to end as shewn by the drawings, and are connected
together by tongued, rebated, or other joints such as 5 made good, and watertight
with cement, and water of the requisite temperature being caused to circulate
through the water ways, and air through the air passage ways the bricks or
blocks 1. 1 are saturated with the water and air which evaporates from the surface
of such blocks or bricks 1. 1 and cools, heats, or humidifies the atmosphere in the
room or building according as hot, or cold water, or air is circulated through the
passage ways. The cooled, or heated air also escapes into the room or building by
way of the stand pipes 6 (see Fig. 1) or gratings 7. Such surfaces of the bricks or
blocks 1.1 as are not to be utilized for giving off humid, or heated air (as for
instance in passage ways, or where occupants of the room or building are likely to
stand) are glazed so that the brick or blocks are non porous. In Figs. 4. 5 and 6
where the bricks or blocks 1. 1 are made in two parts the lower parts of such bricks
or blocks are let into the floor of the shed, and a supply of water is circulated
through them being maintained at an uniform depth by the ridge 8 over which the
water can flow and escape to any convenient place. The upper parts of the bricks
or blocks have strips or flanges 9. 9 formed on them which dip into the water, and
absorb same and saturate the upper parts of the bricks or tiles.
The necessary bead of water is maintained in the passage ways 4. 4 by means of
a ball and cock working in connection with a cistern or other supply and an outlet
is also placed where desired, and can be used when "flushing" the passage ways.
The circulation of air through the passage ways is attained by the action of
ordinary ventilators, or by means of a fan, or fans, or like means.
When cooling a building or workshop cold water is admitted, which filling the

page_text: passage ways and pores of the blocks, or bricks rapidly evaporates and so cools the
air, at the same time increasing the humidity of the atmosphere, the cooling effect
being considerably increased by the low temperature of the water, and again the
low temperature of the blocks condenses the aqueous vapour in the air near, still
further increasing their practical effect by causing a more rapid deposition of
moisture, thus acting by evaporation, and condensation.
When the temperature is desired to be raised, warm water and steam is admitted
to the passage ways, and circulating freely through the blocks, warms the air by
radiation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature, and object of our
said invention, and in what manner the same is to be employed we declare that
what we claim is :-
The appliances for purpose aforesaid consisting of the perforated or hollow porous
or semi-porous bricks or tiles through which water and air is caused to circulate as
and for the purpose herein described and substantially as illustrated by the accom-
panying drawings.
Dated this 6th day of May 1892.
THOMAS KENYON,
ELIJAH BLACKLEDGE,
By their Agent, Walter Brierley,
Penny Bank Chambers, Halifax.