IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER OR OTHER Tromms
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Shone, Civil and Mining Engineer, of-Wrexham, in
the County of Denbigh, North Wales, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER OR OTHER
Tromms"
Sealed the 23rd December 1879, and dated the 30th June 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Imac Shone at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th June 1879.
ISAAC SHONE, Civil and Mining Engineer, of Wrexham, in the County of
Denbigh, North Wales. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOB
RAISING AND FORCING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS.”
My Invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for raising or forcing
water or other liquids in which compressed air or other gas is employed as the
motive power, or ejector, or propelling agent for the emptying by expulsion of the
Liquid contents of the receptacle forming part of the apparatus, and to an arrange-
ment of valves and valve working mechanism, whereby such expulsion is auto-
matically performed as the vessel, or receptacle, or its compartments become full or
charged with liquid.
For simplicity of explanation I will describe the improvements which constitute
my Invention under three heads,-
First. The receptacle and its inlet and outlet valves.
Second. The automatic valve for the inlet and outlet of the emptying agent,
namely, compressed air or gas.
Thirdly. The mechanism and gear used for automatically actuating the air inlet
and outlet valve.
First. The receptacle consists of a vessel divided by a diaphragm into two com-
partments. A convenient form of vessel being a vessel of oval horizontal section
divided by the diaphragm into two compartments; each compartment is provided
with a branch pipe situated at the bottom thereof, which branch pipes communicate
with an arrangement of valve boxes, and valves, by preference of the ball type,
which valves serve as liquid inlet and discharge valves for each compartment of the
vessel which is arranged for an alternate or intermittent discharge, namely, one
compartment is filling while the other compartment is emptying, and vice versa.

page_text: For ensuring certainty of action and regularity in emptying and filling, each com-
partment is provided with a floating ball, which serves as a valve to arrest and
govern the action of the automatic gear hereafter described, and to ensure each
compartment being filled before the ejecting action of the compressed air is applied.
The receptacle and its compartments may be so constructed that their capacity
may be indefinitely increased by joining communication with connected vessels of
circular, oval, or other suitable form.
Second. The automatic valve for the inlet and outlet of the ejecting agent,
namely, the compressed air or gas, consists in a modification and addition to the
valve, shewn at Figs. 104 and 10%, Sheets 5 and 6 of the Drawings of the
Specification of former Letters Patent granted to me on the 5th September 1878,
No. 3524, the addition being the duplicating of the ports both of the piston and
the governing valve, whereby one valve is able to control the intermittent working
of the two compartments described in connection with the receptacle coming under
the first head.
Thirdly. The mechanism and gear used for automatically actuating the air inlet
and outlet valve, described under the second head, consists of a lever arranged to
impart reciprocating motion to the governing valve of the air inlet and outlet valve.
The lever is operated by two inverted cup or bell shaped floats, one in each com-
partment of the receptacle, so arranged that when the receptacle becomes full the
float of such receptacle so actuates the lever and thereby the governing valve that
the compressed air inlet port is opened to the full receptacle and the compressed air
outlet port is open to the empty receptacle, the intermittent action of the filling
and emptying of the compartments of the receptacles is thus continuous.
This my present Invention is applicable for raising and forcing water or other
liquids generally, and is also applicable as an ejector to be used in connection with
my improved system of sewerage described in the Specification of Letters Patent,
No. 3524, A.D. 1878, before referred to.

page_text: Figure 6 is an end view of Figure 5.
Upon reference to the Drawings it will be seen that my Invention consista,-
First (reference to Figures 1 and 2), of an apparatus, being a vessel A divided by
a diaphragm B into two compartments C, C, a convenient form of such a vessel
being that shown in the Drawings. Each compartment C, C³, is provided with a
branch pipe D, D', situated at the bottom thereof. These branch pipes D, D¹,
communicate with an arrangement of valve boxes and valves, in which E, E', are
the inlet valves opening from the rising main or supply pipe F into the compart-
ments C, C', of the vessel A. G, G, are the discharge valves communicating by
the branches H, H, with the compartments C, O, of the vessel A, and by the
branch pipes I, I, with the rising main or discharge pipe J. The valves E, E¹,
G, G', are by preference of the ball type, and serve as liquid inlet and discharge.
valves for the compartments C, C, of the vessel A, which is arranged for an
alternate or intermittent discharge, namely, the compartment C is filling while the
compartment C' is emptying, and the compartment C' is filling while the com-
partment C is emptying. To ensure certainty of action and regularity in working,
each compartment C, C, is provided with a floating ball K, K', which serves as a
valve to arrest and govern the action of the automatic gear hereafter described, and
to ensure the compartment C being filled before the ejecting action of compressed
air is applied and the compartment C₁ similarly in its turn. The vessel A may
be constructed as will be apparent to any engineer of other shape than that illus
trated in the Drawings, and the capacity of the compartments C, O³, may bẹ

page_text: indefinitely increased by joining communication with connected vessels of circular,
oval, or other suitable form.
Second. The automatic valve for the inlet and outlet of the ejecting agent,
namely, the compressed air or gas, consists in a modification of and addition to the
valve, shown at Figures 104 and 10", Sheets 5 and 6 of the Drawings of Specifi-
cation of certain former Letters Patent granted to me on 5th September 1878,
No. 3524, the addition being the duplicating of the ports both of the piston and
governing valve, whereby one valve is able to control the intermittent working of
the two compartments C, C¹, described in connection with the apparatus, or
vessel A coming under the first head.
Upon reference to Figures 3 and 4, L is the automatic valve apparatus which
consists of a cylinder M, having a compound piston N, N', N". The cylinder M
is by the compound piston divided into two spaces Q, Q', for the admission and
exit of compressed air through the passages P, P', into the compartments C, C', of
the vessel A. The compound piston N, N1, N1, is operated by the slide valve R, 1
which admits compressed air into the end M' or the end M" of the cylinder M, as
the case may be, by the action of the lever S, which is governed by the floats V, VI,
within the compartments C, C', of the vessel A, see Figure 1. The action and
connection of the floats V, VI, are hereinafter described.
In further reference to Figures 3 and 4, a is the compressed air inlet, which com-
pressed air passes into the cylinder M through the belt and openings a¹ into the
spaces Q, Q, of the cylinder M according to the position of the portion N¹ of tho
piston. The compressed air then passes from Q or Q' through P or P' into C or C²,
as the case may be; b, b¹, are the exhaust branches which have action similar to
air passage a, the passages 6" and 6111 communicating according to the position of 2
the piston N, N", with, the portions Q and Q1, the branches P and P¹, and the
compartments C and C, as will be understood upon reference. The exhaust is also
arranged to exhaust the compressed air through the slide valve R from the
cylinder M, namely, from the portions M³, M", as will be understood upon reference;
e, e¹, are india rubber buffers to receive the blow caused by the working of the
compound piston N, N', N".
"
Upon reference to Figures 5 and 6 a modification of the herein before described
valve arrangement is illustrated. The modification consists in the adoption of a
piston valve R instead of the slide valve shown in Figure 3, and arranging and
forming the cylinder M so that the portion of the piston N¹ is provided with the
india rubber or other washers e, e¹, so as to make joint at the points h, h', and
thereby prevent leakage of the compressed air past the piston to the exhaust. The
lettering corresponds with the lettering in Figure 3, and the action of the valve
arrangement is similar thereto.
In some cases it may be advisable instead of using one valve arrangement L,
common to the two compartments C, C¹, to use a separate valve arrangement to
each compartment, in which case I use a valve arrangement, such as that shown at
Figure 54, which is a single arrangement of the valve shown at Figure 5, and the
lettering corresponds thereto. In operation one of these valves may be fitted to
each compartment of the vessel A, the valves being geared together so as to work
with an alternate action for supplying and exhausting the air from the compart-
ments C, C, of the vessel A.
Third. The mechanism and gear used for automatically actuating the air inlet
and outlet valve L, described under the second head, consists of a lever U arranged
to impart reciprocating motion to the governing valve R of the air inlet and outlet
valve L. The lever U is operated by two inverted cup or bell shaped floats V, VI,
the float V being placed in the compartment C, and the float V₁ being placed in
the compartment C. The floats V, VI, are attached to the lever U by the rods
W, W, and are so arranged that when one compartment of the receptacle becomes
full the float of such compartment so actuates the lever U and thereby the
governing valve R, that the compressed air inlet port of the valve L is opened to
the full compartment, and the compressed air outlet port of the valve L is open to

page_text: the empty compartment, the intermittent action of filling and emptying the com-
partments C, C, of the receptacle A is thus continuous.
This my present, Invention is applicable for raising or forcing water or other.
liquids generally, and may be used to force water up a rising main from a mine or
otherwise, in which case the pipe F may lead from an apparatus below, and the
pipe J may lead to an apparatus above, the lift of liquid being effected in stages
from apparatus to apparatus.
The apparatus is also applicable as an ejector to be used in connection with my
improved system of sewerage described in the Specification of Letters Patent,.
No. 3524, A.D. 1878, before referred to. In this case the inlet pipe F is carried up
in a band to the source of supply in manner as 'shown at Figure 1, so that the
sewage or other liquid will gravitate into and fill the compartments C, C³, of the
receptacle A, as will be understood, the pipe J being led to where the liquid is
required to be discharged.
Having now described and ascertained the nature, object, and purposes of my
Invention, and shown the system, mode, or manner in or under which the same is
or may be used or carried out into practical effect, what I claim as my Invention
and secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid is,-
Firstly. Constructing and arranging an apparatus for raising and forcing water
or other liquids, as herein described, and in manner such as illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The construction and arrangement of parts of the valve L, and the
construction and arrangement of parts of the receptacle A, the floats V, VI, and
their attendant gear, the whole constituting an apparatus for raising and forcing
water or other liquids, substantially as herein described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly. The construction and arrangement of the valve Land its attendant
parts and the use thereof, for the purposes specified.
Fourthly. Constructing and arranging the automatic valve L and its attendant
parts, as herein described, and as illustrated at Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Fifthly. Constructing and arranging the automatic valve Land its attendant
parts, as herein described, and as illustrated at Figures 5 and 6 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Sixthly. Constructing and arranging the automatic valve and its attendant
parts, as herein described, and as illustrated at Figure 84 of the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Shone, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty fourth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
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