Improvements in and relating to Valves for the Inflation of Pneumatic Tyres for Wheels.
Year: 1896

page_text: Improvements in and relating to Valves for the Inflation of
Pneumatic Tyres for Wheels.
I WARWICK BROOKES, of 350 Oxford Road, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Photographer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the valves of the inflatable tubes or bladders of pneumatic
tyres for wheels, the object of the invention being to provide a simple and cheap
valve through which the air can pass inwards very readily but which can be closed
absolutely air-tight after inflation.
The valve proper is made entirely of india rubber or similar suitable elastic material
the inner end of the valve is in the form of a flattened tube or a flattened and twisted
tube, the outer end is open and circular in section inside and cylindrical or of other
convenient form outside, and extends for a suitable distance beyond a broad external
flange forined thereon by which the valve is attached to the outside of the inflatable
tube or bladder.
Thus the flattened end is inside the tube or bladder and the outer part of the
cylindrical or open end projects outside the same.
This projecting end is passed through, and may be fixed in, a hole made through
the rim or felloe of the wheel forming an undilatable socket or into an undilatable
tube fixed to the said rim or felloe and is thus held in place.
The nozzle of the inflator may be inserted into the open end of the valve proper or
screwed or otherwise fixed on the surrounding undilatable tube or to that part of the
rim or felloe which surrounds the open end of the said valve.
During inflation the flattened.or flattened and twisted end of the valve admits the
air to the inflatable tube or bladder quite freely but acts quite sufficiently as a back
pressure valve, but after inflation the open or tubular end of the valve is closed to
preclude the possibility of leakage.
This may be effected by inserting a spigot into the open end of the valve and
expanding the same inside the undilatable socket through which it is passed as above
described; part of the cylindrical or open end of the valve is inside the inflatable part
of the tyre and the spigot should be long enough to pass into this part of the valve
so that the pressure of the air tends to hold the spigot as well as the pressure of the
rubber in the undilatable socket.
The spigot inay be shortened and provided with a cap at its outer end which is
screwed or otherwise fastened to the undilatable tube above described or to the rim
or felloe to prevent the spigot from coming out of the end of the valve.
Or the spigot may be dispensed with and the cap tightened down upon the open
end of the valve which in this case must project through its undilatable socket (which
must also be rigid) in such a way as to make an air tight joint with the cap and
between the latter and the rigid socket so that no air can possibly escape between the
socket and the outside of the tubular extension or end of the valve proper.

page_text: To deflate the tyre a small tube may be used or a suitable wire or light rod twisted
in spiral form or made with a longitudinal or spiral groove or grooves or even square
or round in section but it must be of sufficient length to expand the flattened or
flattened and twisted end of the valve.
The spigot above named may be tubular and closed air tight by a screw cap or
equivalent device the spigot being long enough to open out the inner end of the valve
when required.
Dated this 20th day of July 1906
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in and relating to Valves for the Inflation of
Pneumatic Tyres for Wheels.
I WARWICK BROOKES, of 350 Oxford Street, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Photographer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to the valves of the inflatable tubes or bladders of pneumatic
tyres for wheels, the object of the invention being to provide a simple and cheap
valve through which the air can pass inwards very readily but which can be closed
absolutely air-tight after inflation.
The valve proper is made entirely of india rubber or similar suitable elastic
material, the inner end of the valve is in the form of a flattened tube or a flattened
and twisted tube, the outer end is open and circular in section inside and cylindrical
or of other convenient form outside and extends for a suitable distance beyond a
suitably broad external flange formed thereon by which the valve is attached to the
outside of the inflatable tube or bladder.
Thus the flattened end is inside the tube or bladder and the outer part of the
cylindrical or open end projects outside the same.
This projecting end is passed through and fitted or fixed in a hole made through
the rim or felloe of the wheel forming an undilatable socket or into an undilatable
tube previously or subsequently fitted or fixed to the said rim or felloe, and is thus
held in place, or the undilatable tube may be fixed upon the projecting end of the
valve by vulcanizing or otherwise.
The nozzle of the inflator may be inserted into the open end of the valve proper, or
screwed or otherwise fixed on the surrounding undilatable tube, or to that part of the
rim or felloe which surrounds the open end of the said valve.
During inflation the flattened or flattened and twisted end of the valve admits the
air to the inflatable tube or bladder quite freely but acts quite sufficiently as a back
pressure valve, but after inflation the open or tubular end of the valve is closed to
preclude the possibility of leakage.
This may be effected by inserting a spigot into the open end of the valve and
expanding the same inside the undilatable socket through which it passes as above
described; part of the cylindrical or open end of the valve is inside the inflatable
part of the tyre, and the spigot should be long enough to pass into this part of the
valve, so that the pressure of the air assists in holding the spigot as well as the
pressure of the rubber in the undilatable socket; or the pressure of the undilatable
socket may be dispensed with and the pressure of the rubber or similar material
alone holds the spigot with the assistance of the compressed air.

page_text: The spigot may be shortened and provided with a cap at its outer end which is
screwed or otherwise fastened to the undilatable tube above described or to the rim
or felloe to prevent the spigot from coming out of the end of the valve.
Or the spigot may be dispensed with and the cap tightened down upon the open
end of the valve which in this case must project through its undilatable socket (which
must also be rigid) in such a way as to make an air tight joint with the cap, and
between the latter and the rigid socket so that no air can possibly escape between the
socket and the outside of the tubular extension or end of the valve proper.
To deflate the tyre a small. tube may be used or a suitable wire or light rod twisted
in spiral form or made with a longitudinal or spiral groove or grooves, or even square
or round in section but it must be of sufficient length to expand the flattened or
flattened and twisted end of the valve.
The spigot above named may be tubular for inflating purposes and closed air tight
by a screw cap or equivalent device the spigot being long enough to open out the
inner end of the valve when required for deflation.
I would here remark that although the undilatable tube is preferably made of rigid
material the said tube may in many cases be made of suitable canvas or the
like.
The accompanying drawings illustrate several ways of carrying my invention into
practise.
Fig. 1 is an external view of the valve proper.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of part of the rim or felloe of a wheel for velocipedes,
bath chairs, and for other vehicles to which wheels with light metal rims forming the
felloes are applied, shewing the position of the socket d which is preferably fixed
tightly on the valve before fixing in position (see dotted lines Fig. 1).
Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through about the central part of the rim or felloe of
such a wheel with a pneumatic tyre applied thereto and provided with my improved
valve, the tyre being inflated and the valve closed by a spigot.
Fig. 3 shows the spigot for closing the valve detached.
Fig. 3 shews a detached spigot provided with a cap the latter being in
section.
Figs. 3c and 3" shews how the inner part of the open end of the valve may be
reduced in internal diameter. Fig. 3c also shows that the undilatable socket may be
screwed on the valve.
Fig. 3 shews such a valve closed by a spigot partly cylindrical and partly
tapered.
Fig. 3 shews such a valve closed by a spigot entirely cylindrical.
Figs. 4 and 4 shew how the valve can be closed by a cap alone.
Fig. 5 shews in horizontal section (similar to Fig. 3) the application of my
invention in the case of wheels, having wooden felloes, say for carts or road
carriages.
Figs. 6 and 6 shew modified forms of valves hereafter referred to. Fig. 7 shews
a hollow spigot forming a case for a deflator made of a flat twisted wire or strip; and
Fig. 7 shews a modified form of deflator namely a doubled and twisted wire.
Fig. 7B shews a tubular spigot through which a deflator may be thrust or
which may if long enough act as a deflator; the end ex being closed by a suitable
screwed cap and lid also fitting a suitable inflator.
The valve proper is marked a a', as, a being the open end, a' the flange of which
it can be fixed by cementation and vulcanized to the tube or bladder 6 (or the flange
of the valve may be otherwise fixed in the tube or bladder).
a is the inner end which may be simply flattened as seen at Figs. 3, 3, and 5,.
but which I prefer to make flattened and twisted in spinal form as seen at
Figs. 1, 3, 3, 3, 4 and 44, 6 and 6ª.
This end a² may be doubled back or turned in through the outer end a which is
fixed by the flange al to the inflatable part b of the tyre as seen at Figs. 6 and 6^
and this valve may be made in one piece or preferably in more than one piece and the
parts cemented together as seen at Figs. 30, 30, 3, 3" 6 and 6^.

page_text: The cover of the tyre may be applied and secured in any known way to the rim d
of the wheel, and the rim d may surround a wooden felloe d' as seen at Fig. 5.
In any case the projecting end of the part a of the valve proper is passed through
a hole in the rim d, and through the wooden felloe d' in cases where the rim dis
applied to such fellve d¹.
In some cases especially where no wooden felloe is used I provide a rigid undilatable
tube or socket da fixed to or otherwise forming part of the rim d (see Figs. 2, 3, 3,
3, 4 and 4^, 6 and 64) of the felloes; and I prefer to form a screw thread upon this
socket d as shewn, so that the nozzle of an ordinary inflator can be screwed thereon,
and further a cap such as e¹ (Fig. 3B) or f (Figs. 4 and 4) can be screwed thereon.
This socket d2 may be screwed upon the tubular part a of the valve and so fixed
in place on the rim d.
When the tyre has been inflated a spigot e which may be slightly tapered as shewn
at Figs. 3, 3, or partly cylindrical and partly tapered as shewn at Fig. 3, or entirely
cylindrical (see Fig. 3) can be pushed into the open end a which it expands and
forces against the inner side of the socket d' and thus the spigot will be firmly held
in the part a and no air can escape through the valve if any should leak through the
flattened end a².
In the case shewn at Figs. 3, 3, and 6, the spigote should be pushed in to pass
beyond the flange a' into the inflatable part 6 of the tyre so that the compressed air
will assist in holding the spigot in place. In the case shewn at Fig. 3" the compressed
air will assist in holding the spigot in place without the wedging in the socket d² and
in the case shewn at Fig. 6, the compressed air will act upon the spigot to hold it in
place although not pushed beyond the flange a¹.
The spigot may be held in place by a cap el (see Fig. 3") which can be screwed or
otherwise secured to the socket 2 or the spigot need not be used but a cap f may be
employed instead (see Figs. 4 and 4) the said cap being tightened against the open
end of the part a of the valve proper. The open end of the part a may be made with
a slight shoulder at a (see Fig. 4) which is squeezed tightly between the open end
of the socket d², and the closed end of the cap, to further ensure the complete closing
of the end a air tight, and in this case the socket d² is preferably moulded and
vulcanized upon the part a of the valve.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1 A valve for pneumtaic tyres for wheels made of elastic material with one end
flattened and if preferred twisted also, and the other end tubular and so formed as to
fit air tight upon a spigot of suitable diameter and provided with a suitably broad
external flange by which it is fixed to the inflatable part of the tyre, the flattened end
of the valve as well as part of the open end being inside the said inflatable part of the
tyre to hold a spigot in place to close the outer end of the valve, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
2. A valve of elastic tubular material fixed to the inflatable part of the wheel tyre,
the end inside the said tyre being closed by flattening, and if preferred by twisting
also, and the outer end being open and projecting from the inflatable tube or socket
preferably fitted to or forming part of the felloe of the wheel and means co-operating
with the undilatable tube or socket for closing the open end of the valve, substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the annexed drawings.
3. The combination of the valve a, a, a², with the inflatable part of the tyre, the
socket preferably fitted to the rim and surrounding the projecting part a, and the
spigot e substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
4. The combination of the valve a a', a², with the inflatable part 6 of the tyre, the
socket preferably fitted to the rim and surrounding the projecting part e, the spigot e
and the cap e, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
5. The combination of the valve a a¹, a² with. the inflatable part 6 of the tyre, the

page_text: socket preferably fitted to the rim and surrounding the projecting part a, and the capf
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated."
Dated this 20th day of April 1897.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.