Improvements in and connected with Photographic Cameras.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Jan., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Sept., 1890-Accepted, 15th Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Photographic Cameras.
I, DAVID CARTER of 15, Gerrard Street, Warwick, in the County of Warwickshire,
Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I place sensitive plates in the upper part of an arrangement like the ordinary plate
box, but deeper, (either in the grooves direct) in which case they would have to be
backed with an opaque material or by preference into sheaths, and after exposure by
one motion, dropping from from the upper part, to the lower, out of the rays of
light.
In constructing. a camera for a 5 × 4 in. plate, with lens of 5 in. focus, and
adapted for 24 plates, I commence in this way-
I take two pieces of any suitable material by preference wood each 6 in. × 5 × 3,
and cut a series of grooves Sheet 1 Fig. 1. A. right and left, each groove equidistant,
and exactly opposite each other when connected and in number the quantity
required. I then connect them with 2 pieces of wood as ends, so that the sides and
ends when constructed, shall be parallel, and at right angles one to the other see
Sheet No. 1 Fig. 1. B.
I now have a plate box or rack to hold a given number, measuring from depth of
groove on one side to extreme depth on the other about 4g in.
I then clamp 2 similar pieces about thick and 2 in. wide on each outside 1st to
prevent the rack from warping, 2nd that they will form guides, and keep the
middle and upper portion sufficiently away from the sides of outer case, to allow a
chain or cord and elastic spring to pass easily, and this part I call the tender.
I next take any thin suitable material by preference tin, sufficiently thin to slide
down each groove easily, and sufficient to make 24 sheaths, and cut them 4 wide
× 5 high cutting out at each corner at bottom a small bit, and turning the
remainder of the bottom into a curve Sheet 1-Fig. 1-A to receive bottom edge of
plate. I then notch the top at each side, and turn it over so that it will hold the
plate when put in from the top, and secured by the curve below.
I then darken & roughen the chemically and paint them a dead black. I now
have a thin plate when finished backing the sensitive material and in. extra on each
side to slide down the grooves, and which extra pieces I call the wings. Sheet, No. 1—
Fig. 1. C. and C¹.
now take a thin piece of wood 6 long 3 wide x thick and glue and screw a
cross piece at one end to connect with inner end of outer case at the back. Sheet 1-
Fig. 1. D. the width must be so regulated that it shall not touch the tender when
traversing the box or case, and sufficiently rigid to carry the weight of sheaths when
loaded, if not strong enough, a support must be fixed under it, and this I call the
platform.
A similar piece 5 long, and a little narrower than the above, but with the cross-
piece above instead of below, for the purpose of connecting it with inner end of front
outer case, in a like manner, and must be so arranged that each end in the centre,
where the middle ends of D. E meet will be in. apart, and each side nearly in a
line, so that the tender meets with no obstruction in passing to and fro and this 1
name the shield Sheet 1-Fig. 1. E.
I next take 4 pieces to form the enclosing case, vis. 2 sides 13 in. long 10 in.
deep x 3 thick, and 2 ends back and front 10 deep x 5 in. wide x in. thick,
and screw and glue them together, at 2 in. from bottom screw on the sides only
2 strips of wood x 3 in. for the bottom of tender to work upon, and slide along.
I now fix D and E at such a depth from the top of the box (as will clear easily the

page_text: the when added to it, it will now be seen that there is sufficient
space below for the sheaths when they descend.
I now proceed to make a roller of turned wood, or any suitable material, of such a
circumference, that when revolving with a chord or chain it will pull up at a uniform
rate for all the grooves, as such if the focus for No. 1 plate be correct, it shall be
correct for all. See Sheet 1 Fig. 1. F.
I then cut a disc of metal, with teeth thus, so that the upper edge of each tooth is
just the length from groove to groove, and mount it with pinions, terminating in
one with a hand and dial, and then fix check spring with release screw for the purpose
of emptying and recharging. See Sheet 1-Fig. 1. G. full size.
I next perforate the front of outer case to receive lens, in the manner shewn, which
is regulated from the outside, so that the lens upwards and sideways will be nearer
the base of the picture. See Sheet 2 Fig. 1. H.
I now place tender in the case with strong piece of elastic round it, and secured to
back of box, and connect ends of chain or cord to front of tender, the other part in a
loop passing spirally round the roller, and secured by a screw, the bottom of the outer
case may now be made and screwed in its place, the top I make loose or hinged, with
flanges to strengthen & exclude light, the sheaths with their plates are put down each
groove from the top part of the box until filled all resting with their bottom edges
upon the platform. No. 1 sheath and plate will be at such a distance from the front
edge of platforin, that upon turning the dial for No. 2, No. 2 moves into the place
formerly occupied by No. 1, and No. 1 falls down to the bottom in its own groove,
and commences to move onwards out of sight beneath the shield, by simply
turning the ratchet 1, 2, 3, 4, &c. the plates by such action fall down their own
grooves in rotation after they have all passed, it will then be seen that the tender
has traversed the box, and the whole of the loaded sheaths that were in the
upper and back end are now in the lower and front part beneath shield.
The outer case may be covered with leather or anything suitable, and the
arrangement of lens with finder & shutter explained farther on.
This is the nature of the improvement in its simplest arrangements, but looking
at the external proportions, it will be seen that an extension for larger sizes, would
be inconvenient. I will now proceed to describe how the size can be reduced to
something more proportionate, and with the greatest economy of space, so that even
plates of 8×6 may be carried and exposed without inconvenience.
In the arrangement Fig. 2. Sheet 3. same size 5 x 4 in, and to contain 12 plates,
the size of the case or box will be about 10 in. long x 7 deep x 5 in. across
little more than the size of Sheet 2 Fig. 1. and in better proportions.
The tender now, instead of being 5 in. will be 3½ in., the channels or grooves will
be wider apart, and instead of in. will now be in. that is from the front edge
of one groove to the front edge of the other, a portion the middle towards the upper
part being cut away, the lower compartment now being 2 in. instead of 5 in. as
before. The front part of tender having this addition, a tray, for the purpose of
carrying the exposed plates in an inclined position out of the rays of light.
The sheaths are now altered to suit the new arrangement, the thin wings are cut
away, the fresh wings are projecting studs top & bottom (Sheet 1. Fig. 1.)
sliding down the grooves as before.
The platform now having a rise of 2 in., a riser is put to its front, and at its base, a
kick up in metal. The sheaths now by the same action as before fall from the top to
the bottom upon the kickup, the weight and concussion driving the kickup forward,
and stud at top being released, the sheath revolves on its lower stud and throwing
each plate upon the trays is carried out of the rays of light Sheet 3. Fig. 2.
In Fig. 3 Sheet 4. which is for 8 in. x 6 in. plates and focus of about 14 in., the
tender is fixed and forms a part of side of box. The platform is made flexible, and is
drawn backward and upward by the rack and pinion above, which draws at the same
time the lens to its focus at every discharge of exposed plates. The lines which form
the channels in the lower compartment which in the drawing is straight should be
inclined so that by throwing the plate out of perpendicular, it should fall, and be

page_text: The metal
checked by a sort of brake of rubber tubing (not shown) on each side of case, slightly
rubbing each edge of sheath & plate. An arrangement not shewn throws front rack
out of gear, when not required and allows the bellows to close to, allowing the lid to
open at the hinge at back by swivelling the rack on front of lens.
arranged for doing so, is on the top, and is something like J and K. She.t 4. Fig. 3.
An internal shutter acting from the outside secures the whole from light, so that lens
may be taken away when required, an elastic at bottom of secured to riser, and a
similar one to front rack, supplies the necessary tension to ratchet and dial not shewn.
The size of the outer case would be 13 in. long, 10 in. deep. 7 in. across.
The finder and shutter which may be used for all 3 combinations where practicable
I will now describe. The shutter is a disc working behind lens, and is made of
thin metal, about 34 in. diameter having a hole or opening the size of lens. It is
mounted upon a steel spindle thick in bearings close to lens mount. At the out-
side end, about from it is an eye through which a silk thread passes lapping round
the spindle in opposite directions. It will then be found by taking the ends in each
hand, that it will revolve at a given rate, the amount of pulling one side or the other.
The ends of the thread are now secured to 2 elastic springs round screw heads
working in grooves shown, and which screws are adjustible, so that when the screws
are equal, the shutter remains in one position but when the tension of one spring
is increased by lengthening it, the other acts as a sort of check, making the whole
work smoothly. Any amount of speed may be given, and the ground in picture
receive considerably more exposure than the sky, by so arranging one spring, that it
shall have a short pull, and as its power loses the check spring gains. Sheet 6. Fig. 5.
full size a small disk or boss at end forming part of the trigger. L elastic.
M. boss at end of spindle.
The finder or view meter I make in this way, I cut off from a tube of metal or it
may be made in other ways, or in wood, cross sections, one square across and the
other at an angle of 45° and sufficient in size so that the tube when beaten into a
eliptical shape, shall be sufficient to cover the lens, and take a convex mirror on its
angle. It will then act as a cap, and be out of the way of boss at end of spindle of
shutter. A circular flange to fit lens mount is then hinged to it in its upper part.;
at its far side is rivetted a key with spring, that acts upon the boss of shutter and
forms the trigger, this flange key and mirror turning round upon the mount at
change of position the mirror axis being parrallel to each side of the camera. See N.
Sheet 2. Fig. 1.
I next take 2 plane reflectors in size equal each way to oblique mirror on cap,
and make lines at right angles upon their surfaces, the diminished size of pictures,
their margins bearing the same proportion to the whole, as the picture on the lens and
plate would be. I then mount them in metal, so that when they are set upright, they
shall be parralel to the axis of mirror below both ways, and close when not wanted
flat upon the sides one at the top, and the other at side over lens, cap. Sheet 2.
Fig. 1. 0.
The lens is mounted in a tube of metal soldered on to a fan, revolving upon a
centre, and regulated as to position by milled screw. Upon this tube and fan shaped
piece, the shutter is mounted, the cap only requiring turning, when views are taken
from the side.
In using the foregoing arrangement I place the camera on its base or side according
as I require, and set up mirror adjust cap, horizontally and parralel with mirror
above. I then place camera on any steady support, a tripod by preference or any
thing at hand, and point camera to object, whether still or moving, and glancing my
eye in direction of reflector on top, I see perfectly upright, and in the exact place
where lens is, a brilliant but diminished picture. When found satisfactory, the hand
lifts the cap upwards by its hinge, and when near its extent, touches the key
completing the exposure by the shutter.
In arrangement Sheet 5. Fig. 4 for plates 41 × 34 and. lens 54 in focus, and 9 in
number I make a box, inside measure 6 in. long 6 in. deep and 3 in. across. and
set aside its top and bottom.

page_text: I then take a piece of 1½ in. metal tube, and cut it off 34 in. long, and solder discs
at each end, properly centred, and drill holes, and tap them for spindles to screw in,
one a short one to go through sides of box only, and the other, to come through
terminating in a handle or han for dial. I then cut off a great portion of this drum
not required leaving its centres, and a portion of its circumference, in appearance
like a bell crank.
I then solder on each end, wires or studs in. long, parallel and in a line and
equidistant one to the other, and such a distance apart, that the sheaths when the
revolve, shall not be hampered in their action. I then make and solder on end where
the hand of dial comes, a portion of ratchet, having teeth corresponding to the
number required, and agreeing with the radial lines of each stud, a small loop of
wire is soldered to the back of segment made for piece of elastic to go through, and
fastened at the other end to the bottom of box, giving the necessary tension to ratchet,
the check spring being a straight spring fixed in the back of box, is lifted off the
ratchet by a mill headed screw, and at its end inside a cam in order for the purpose
of emptying and recharging.
The sheaths are now prepared; but their wings are now cut off, and small pieces
of metal on the sides, and a little below the base, are soldered on and attached
permanently to sheath."
We now have a cylindrical segment revolving when in action upon its own centre
and each sheath revolving upon its lower ends, upon projecting studs fixed per-
manently to circumference of cylindrical segment, so that each plate when exposed
forms nearly a tangent to it.
A piece of elastic from lower end, connected with the box so that the upper end
may (see drawing) press to the sheaths and plates at top. 2 holes in each side of box
at about 1 in. from the back and from bottom, are now put in to receive spindles.
The drum is now put in with sheath attached to it, and collars at each end of drum
to clear it from sides, the spindles are tapped and screwed in through sides into the
end of drum. The elastic is attached, the bottom is now put on, the top is hinged
or loose; but across it, at focal distance is a small bar of wood for top of plate to
rest against, keeping it at right angles to the front, and may be regulated by a
screw as shown. The plates are now put into their sheaths, and they will assume
the form as shewn in Sheet 5. Fig. 4. A dial is now fixed to the outside, and the
hand adjusted to No. 1. The arrangement of lens being described with or without
finder is placed on outside box, and screwed to its front, by any arrangement suitable,
and can be adjusted for a scale of focus if desired.
On turning the hand or dial for No. 2, when No 1 has been exposed, No. 1 is
carried downward by the drum sufficiently low to clear the bar above, and falls face
downwards. No. 2 falls in like manner, and so on until all has been exposed.
Dated this 22nd day of January 1890.
DAVID CARTER.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Photographic Cameras.
I, DAVID CARTER, residing at 15, Gerrard Street Warwick in the County of
Warwickshire Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
These improvements not only apply to that, which is known as the detective or
hid camera, conveying and exposing a number of plates, limited only by length of
box and focus of lens; but also to cameras in general, effecting not only simplicity of
action, but reduction in bulk, more especially to those of a larger type, and also
attempts to dispense with what is known as the focussing chamber, by providing in
its place a finder, that shall exactly represent the picture to be taken by diverting and
reflecting the direct rays passing through lens to a more convenient spot for vision,

page_text: into its different distances.
In order to a proper understanding, the following form the basis or motive power
by which such improvements are effected :-
1st. An elastic spring A, restraining and keeping back the arrangement or
apparatus B, for holding the sensitive medium, whether on glass, paper, or celluloid,
as in Fig. 1 Sheet 1; Fig. 2, Sheet 2; and Fig. 4, Sheet 3; the action in Fig. 3,
being reversed.
2nd. A toothed rack, C, whether straight or curved, attached or unattached, to said
apparatus B.
3rd. A catch D working and engaging each tooth of rack, so as to secure perfect
register, or arranged so; that the sensitive medium when exposed, shall be at exact
focal distance from lens.
4th. A tape or chain E attached to rack, apparatus, and elastic spring, the other end
either passing through a sheath in front, and hanging down, with numbers painted on
its under side; or round a roller mounted on a horizontal arbor with square at outer
end; for a key or knob for hand; with circular index.
The sheaths for holding the sensitive medium, not only back the material, but
perform several important functions, and may be made entirely of any thin metal, or
not entirely, as in the case of large plates, which, to avoid weight may be made in the
upper portion of flexible material, such as cloth or silesia, attached with hooks to the
top of plates, as in Fig. 4; Sheet 3, and are as follows.
1st. A sheath, with thin wings projecting from each side of plate, and sliding down
grooves in apparatus B, Fig. 1; F, Sheet 1.
2nd. A sheath, with short wing towards top, and wire soldered along bottom,
projecting at each end, to form studs or pivots, as F2 Fig. 2; Sheet 2.
3rd. A sheath, without wings at top, but with studs or pivots only at bottom, as
in F, Fig. 4; Sheet 3.
For the arrangement, or different applications of the said principle, as shown in
the accompanying drawings, which ar on a scale of 6 in. to the foot, and for taking
the size 4 x 3 in. or what is known as the quarter plate: I commence
follows:-
as
For the apparatus, B, I take two thin pieces of wood about 6 in. long x 24 in.
wide in. thick, and groove them from end to end in pairs for the thin edges of
sheath F. Fig. 1; Sheet 1, to slide down easily, and then connect them back and
front about 3 in. between with short pieces as shewn, and screw or glue thin pieces
on each side as guides, and to slide easily upon pieces screwed upon each side of
box, internally lengthwise from back to front.
I then take 2 thin pieces of metal to form racks C, and set out and form the teeth
from the grooves; that they may register properly; so, that the more vertical side of
each tooth, when engaged by the catch D, shall check the spring of elastic A, and
yet allow catch to glide easily over the next tooth. The racks are then screwed
to and in advance of the apparatus, and the catch screwed on to side of box, making
the vertical edge of first tooth regulate the exact focal distance of plate from lens,
and all the rest will be correct.
I then connect a tongue or platform of thin wood, to the back end of box, rather
more than the height of plate and sheath from top, at right angles and parallel to
top, bottom, and sides and in with to clear the apparatus, B, when passing to and
fro, and in length of an inch nearer the front than the first plate would occupy;
so as to prevent the foremost plate from falling down the groove, until after
exposure.
I then connect a similar piece to the front of box, but a little higher, in order that.
the plates when exposed may have plenty of room to pass from underneath the front
of platform forward, the length so that there may be in. space across between this
and the platform, and which space may be covered with any flexible material
or not.
An elastic spring A each side connected with the front end of rack, and passing

page_text: between apparatus B, and sides of box, and the other ends tied to back part of box,
is now attached in order that the catches D should be kept up to the front of each
tooth in racks (, simultaneously. See Fig. 1, 2, 4, Sheets 1, 2, 3.
A tape E connected at one end to front and centre of apparatus, the other end
passing round a roller or preferably through a sheath in front, and hanging down
from the outside.
The whole arrangement of tape, rack, apparatus, and slides, in a line as near as
possible.
The lens is placed in upper part of box, so that the exposure takes place first.
Supposing the apparatus now all complete and in proper condition, the sheaths
and plates put in from the top, and resting upon the platform, K, the foremost plate
being in. from its front edge, closing now the lid of the box, it is ready for
action.
After making the exposure by taking hold of the tape E with one hand, and
pulling rack apparatus; and elastic spring, the catches D (attached at one end to
side of box, and with spring to keep them down) slides easily over the first tooth of
each rack, and falls into the space between the first and second, locked by the elastic
spring, A, pulling from the back, shunting the first sheath and plate off the tongue or
platform, down its own groove through the in. space across, by tongue, to the
bottom of box, leaving the second plate in proper position for exposure.
operation is repeated with the second and third, and so on, untill the whole is
exposed. It will now be seen that the whole of the plates and sheaths, that were in
the upper and back end of box, are now in its lower and front end under the
shield.
The same
By having sufficient space at back, and making the screw holding catch to slide in
a light light groove as shewn at N, the focus may be lengthened for near objects, by
having its screw through a shield passing on the outside of box, and secured by a fly
nut to any position of a known focus.
For the purpose of taking out the exposed plates, the shield is cut across, and
hinged at point O, and revolving back towards lens, allowing the plate and sheaths to
be taken out from the top. Turning the cam beneath catch upwards from outside,
the racks are released and the apparatus returns to its original position to be filled as
before.
Any suitable case may now be provided.
2nd. Improvement Fig. 2, Sheet 2 the empty box, and Fig. 24 Sheet 2, with
sheaths and plates, one side of each being removed to shew the action, the improve-
ment being the reduction of lower compartments.
The grooves in apparatus B are now made wider, and a portion of it cut away
the sheath F having its long thin wings cut away as shewn, and in their place short
thin pieces of metal attached upwards projecting from its sides, and thin wire soldered
along its bottom, projecting from each end, to slide down the grooves as before.
Underneath the tongue or platform is arranged another, L, one end projecting
forward in front, with centre to revolve upon at back end; and spring to hold it up,
not of sufficient strength to bear sheath and plate, but sufficient to break its descent,
and effect the return of lower platform to its original position, throwing in its
effort, the plate and sheath on to a tray M. fixed at an inclination to its front Fig. 2^,
Sheet 2.
The operation is the same as before, by pulling the tape, rack, and apparatus, the
sheath and plate is carried over the first platform on to the second, which being too
weak to hold it; falls, and drops it down to the bottom of groove, liberating the
upper projection of sheath from its groove at top, and in its effort to return striking
the back of sheath now revolving upon its lower and projecting stud; forward;
completing the operation.
3rd. Improvement. For lenses of longer focus and an extension by a bellows
arrangement, reducing at the close of operation, the length of camera by extent of
grooves Fig. 3 Sheet 3, one side being removed to shew the new arrangement.
The apparatus B, is now attached to side of box, by the stud P, opposite the focal

page_text: centre, and may be revolved and tilted slightly by the screw Q. the catches being
screwed on to apparatus at back of side, automatically adjusts the racks to any change
of position. The lens end, rack, upper bottom and platform being all screwed, and
connected together, move backward at each operation. Fixed to the lower bottom,
are studs and spring post R, which form guides, and slides along grooves in upper
A bar of metal connects the two racks together, and at their ends is attached
an elastic spring A, passing round the spring post, as a catapult round the finger of
the hand, pushing the lens forward.
bottom.
An extension piece of flexible material fixed to platform for carrying additional
sheaths passes round the roller S, and is connected with a spring upwards see Fig. 3,
Sheet 3 being a vertical section of bottom.
To use, and the first plate now exposed by placing the back end of the camera on
front of operator, and pulling the front of camera backward the next tooth of rack
are caught by the catches and the sheath and plate falls, leaving the next in position,
completing the operation, and so on.
4th Improvement. A combination of parts on the same principle, adapted either for
a permanent attachment to a camera, or as movable reservoir which may be attached,
taken away, and changed in open daylight for a fresh one, and is arranged for 6 plates,
the quantity being limited by the size of dises.
The side is taken away to show arrangement. See Fig. 4; Sheet 3; Fig. 4 being
partly a front view of the internal arrangement.
Two discs of metal C. are perforated with holes to receive the revolving wire ends
of lower part of sheaths, of which the upper projecting pieces at side in F³, Fig. 2;
Sheet 2, and F3 Fig. 3, Sheet 3 are taken away.
The wire ends of sheaths required, being inserted through the perforated holes-the
discs are screwed on to a roller of wood (shewn in vertical section) the wires or studs
are cut off flush on far side, and project at end shown to receive the end of catch
which is attached with small spring and cam (to release) on side taken away, and in
the position shown.
At the top of box frontwards is a bar of wood or any suitable material, i, through
which the screw Q" passes through to the outside. preventing the sheath and plate
falling when in position, and which may be used for tilting, when focal distance is
known. A shutter U, opens at the front by a handle at bottom from outside, and falls
at an inclined position inside camera attached, a door hinged at bottom with button at
top of back for the purpose of charging apparatus. The horizontal arbor upon which
dises with roller are mounted and revolved, passes through the side not shewn (but
seen in section) terminates in a handle or key outside and forms an indicator and
lever to work the action. The elastic spring A, attached to bottom of box passes
round the roller and is connected to it, restraining and keeping back as before:
Supposing the box now attached the shutter by its lever falls to an inclined position,
the first plate is in proper position for exposure, which being given, the arbor and
roller is turned forward untill the next stud is reached and caught by the catch, the
sheath and plate being released by bar at top, falls forward on to the inclined
shutter, leaving the next plate in position, and so on, until the whole is
exposed.
Releasing the catch by the cam, and turning the shutter upwards, brings the
exposed plates back again, to be if required replaced by another.
5th Improvement. An arrangement of lens and shutter, the lens being placed
nearer the base of picture both ways, and which may be applied to the preceding
where required.
Fig. 5, Sheet 2, is a plate of metal V, of the shape shewn by the black and dotted
lines, to which is soldered at right angles internally, a short tube, for the purpose of
carrying the mounted lens, and in which a slot is cut, similar to slot in lens mount it
is secured to the front inside of box; by the screw W, which forms a centre for lens
to revolve over the openings in G Fig. 1; Sheet.1.
Passing through and near to mount is fixed a fine tube bearing a spindle, having at
its outer end a grooved disc X, round which a fine cord is secured by a metal pin and

page_text: going round the disc one revolution, is continued and attached below, to an elastic
spring fixed to front, its upper end by preference going over a small sheave and
passing along top of box, where it is suitably attached to a small lever, and elastic
spring, similar to the one on front below.
At the other end of spindle is fixed a small cam, for opening and closing shutter,
which is preferably arranged between the slot of mounts.
The shutter Z, is composed of two thin jaws of metal, of the shape shown and acts
as stop and shutter combined revolving on the pin.
The lens its front flange being removed, is pushed through to the front from inside
(in present arrangement) the slots falling in their places, the stop end of shutter is
put in, its outer end placed over can, and the front flange screws and tightens the
whole together.
Supposing the whole as represented by the black line in position for horizontal
pictures is required, the box is placed side downwards, the lower elastic spring in
front being previously drawn down to a greater tension than the upper, sufficiently to
close the shutter by the cam striking upon, a, and plus resistance of part over sheath
upwards, it is now ready for action, being nearly balanced by the tension between the
two springs, a slight touch is only necessary to give the exposure, which is given by
pulling the lever, and cord, half a revolution of disc, the cam striking the opposite
side, b, opens the shutter, releasing the pressure, the shutter returns to its original
position, by the cam striking upon a.
For vertical pictures, the box is placed upon its bottom, the flange loosened, pushed
up to the dotted lines (shown) by the disc, and then tightened by screwing, operating
the same as before.
6th Improvement. A finder. See Fig. 6, Sheet 3. C, being its front elevation
CA the side and CB closed for the pocket. It is made of two thin pieces of metal for
sides, wires are soldered across as shown for the purpose of strengthening, and bearing
2 square metal plates, at an inclination of 45° their back ends having wires continued
along and through the sides of frame for revolving upon, on the upward side of the
lower plate, is a convex silvered mirror of celluloid or glass of the same curvature as
lens, and on the lower side of upper plate is fixed a plane reflector, having rectangular
lines on its surface, agreeing with extent of picture within.
At right angles to and upon sides are fixed two short bars, d, slotted to revolye upon
projecting wires on front of box.
To use, place the finder vertically by its bars upon front, the inclined convex mirror
is now exactly over the front of len, and receives the same rays which striking
upwards, are reflected by the plane mirror, along top to the eye, when satisfactory, the
finder revolves out of the way (by the hand) along top and the exposure is given, by
the lever as before.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1. A device Fig. 1, Sheet 1, for exposing and storing by one motion photographic
material out of the rays of light, consisting of the elastic springs A¹, the racks (),
and catches with springs D, the thin wings of sheath F¹ the shield Kª, the indicating
tape and pull E and openings in front G, and tongue K.
2. Fig. 2, Sheet 2, a device for reducing the lower compartment of Fig. 1, Sheet 1,
consisting of that part of apparatus marked B, the revolving platform and spring L
the short wing upwards and lower projecting studs of sheath F2, the tape E, the
inclined tray M, the fly nut and screw N, the springs A², racks (2, and catches D
with cam.
3. Fig. 3, Sheet 3, a device for gradually reducing the length of camera, tilting
apparatus B, and lengthening platform by a flexible attachment, consisting of the
elastic spring A³ the form of apparatus B, the stud P, the reversed catch, spring and
cam D, the roller, S, the flexible platform, g, with springs, h, at back of apparatus, the
tilting screw, Q, and the spring post, R, and racks, C³.

page_text: 4. Fig. 4, Sheet 3, a device having a condensed combination of the above actions
in a circular revolving direction, and which may be applied as a detachable reservoir
or fixed, consisting of the two perforated discs C the arbor and roller, h, the projecting
studs at bottom of sheath F4, the spring A*, catch D with spring and cam,
the tilting
screw Qand beam at top of front, i.
5. Fig. 5, Sheet 2, a device for placing the lens nearer base of picture both ways
with shutter and stop combined, consisting of revolving plate with mount V, the
grooved disc X with arbor or spindle and cam, Y, the combined stop and shutter Z
and elastic springs A³.
6. Fig. 6, Sheet 3, a device for a finder consisting of the portable metal frame, e,
the metal flaps, f, carrying convex mirror and plane reflector, and the notched
catches, d, the whole substantially and in the manner described.
Dated this day the 20th of Santamber 1890.
DAVID CARTER.