CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM AND IN APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING POWER, AND IN GENERATING STEAM FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Felix Alexandre Testud de Beauregard, of Paris, in
the French Empire, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM AND IN APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING
POWER, AND IN GENERATING STEAM FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 31st August 1859, and dated the 11th June 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Felix Alexandre Testud
de Beauregard at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 11th June 1859.
I, FELIX ALEXANDRE TESTUD DE BEAUREGARD, of Paris, in the French
Empire, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM & IN APPARATUS FOR FOR
OBTAINING POWER, AND IN GENERATING STEAM FOR OTHER PURPOSES" to be as
follows:-
In the Specification of a former Patent, dated 11 July 1848, & numbered
12,209, granted to myself, was described the heating a boiler to such a
point that the water in the boiler should always be in a spheroidal state, the
water being only admitted in small quantities into the boiler. The boiler was
heated by its lower end being immersed in a bath of lead, tin, or other suitable
metal kept melted by a furnace. Now the first part of my Invention consists
in an improved construction of boiler for producing steam in this manner, and
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page_text: in employing a bath of metal which is in complete contact both with the
metal vessel in which steam is produced and with the vessel which contains
the melted metal, the melted metal alloying itself with the surface of the two
vessels, and so soldering them together. By these means the heat from the
furnace is transmitted more rapidly to the vessel in which steam is produced
than if the melted metal were simply in contact with the two vessels, and the
vessels are also preserved from deterioration. The improvements in the boiler
consist in placing over the top of the vessel a cap or cover which extends
down nearly to the surface of the melted metal, a space being left. between
the cover and the sides of the heated vessel, and also between the cover
and the sides of the vessel which contains the melted metal, so that
the steam produced in the interior vessel is caused by this means to
descend down nearly to the surface of the melted metal, and then to pass up
between the sides of the vessel containing the melted metal, and the exterior
of the cover before it passes away to the cylinder of the engine; by this means
the different parts of the boiler are kept at an even temperature, and the
steam is at the same time highly heated. The boiler is also furnished with a
pipe which passes from near the bottom of the interior vessel to the exterior of
the boiler, where the pipe is furnished with a tap,by turning which the nature
of the steam produced may at any time be ascertained, and the vessel be also
cleared of sediment which, when. steam. is generated in the manner above
described, is produced in the state of powder. In place of water being
pumped by a pump worked by the engine direct into the boiler, the water is
first pumped into a cylinder in which is a weighted piston which equalizes the
flow of water to the boiler, and on the pipe which conducts' the water to the
boiler there is a tap, on the plug of which there is a pointer which indicates
on a graduated dial the amount of water passing to the boiler.
The next part of my Invention consists in an improved arrangement of
apparatus for condensing the steam as it passes from the cylinder of the engine
For this purpose the steam first passes through a number of parallel tubes
which are surrounded exteriorly by water which-is passing from the cylinder in
which the weighted piston works to the boiler, and the steam coming from the
cylinder being highly heated converts a portion of the water into steam, which
passes into the boiler, and is there highly heated before it passes to the cylinder
of the engine. The steam after it has passed through the tubes above
mentioned, passes into another tubular condenser, the tubes of which are, asin
the former case, surrounded by water, and in this condenser the steam is
perfectly condensed. The decreasing the temperature of the steam which
passes from the cylinder in the first condenser and the finally condensing it in

page_text: the second cylinder, forms a vacuum on one side of the piston of the engine,
whilst the steam formed in the first condenser increases the pressure on the
other side of the piston, and so aids in working the engine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Felix Alexandre Testud de Beauregard in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 3rd December 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FELIX
ALEXANDRE TESTUD DE BEAUREGARD, of Paris, in the French Empire, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Felix Alexandre Testud de Beauregard, Her special licence
that I,the said Felix Alexandre Testud de Beauregard, my executors,adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Felix Alexandre Testud
de Beauregard, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ire-
land; the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for " CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM AND IN APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING POWER,
AND IN GENERATING STEAM FOR OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Felix Alexandre Testud de Beauregard, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Felix Alexandre Testud de Beau-
regard, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the saine is to performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
In the Specification of a former Patent granted to myself was described the
heating a boiler to such a point that the water in the boiler should always be

page_text: in a spheroidal state, the water being only admitted in small quantities into
the boiler. The boiler was heated by its lower end being immersed in a bath
of lead, tin, or other suitable metal kept melted by a furnace.
Now the first part of my Invention consists in employing a bath of metal
which is in complete contact both with the metal vessel in which steam is
produced and with the vessel which contains the melted metal, the melted
metal alloying itself with the surface of the two vessels,and so soldering them
together. In order to ensure the melted metal thus alloying itself with the
surfaces of the two vessels, the exterior of the vessel in which steam is pro-
duced, and the interior of the vessel which contains themelted metal should first
be coated with the metal composing the bath; by these means the heat from
the furnace is transmitted more rapidly to the vessel in which steam is
produced than if the melted metal were simply in contact with the two vessels,
and the vessels are also preserved from deterioration.
The next part of my Invention consists in an improved construction of
boiler for producing steam in the manner above described. The Drawing
hereunto annexed shews a boiler constructed according to my Invention in
connection with apparatus for obtaining motive power, although a boiler
constructed in a similar manner may be employed for producing steam for
other purposes. a is the vessel in which steara is produced; the lower end of
this vessel is immersed in a bath of melted metal (by preference of tin)
contained in the vessel b; this vessel is closed at top, and is kept heated by a
furnace c, as shewn. The melted metal composing the bath being in complete
contact with the surfaces of both vessels, as above described. Over the top of
the vessel a there is a cap or cover d, which extends down nearly to the
surface of the melted metal, a space being left between the cover d and the
sides of the vessel a,and also between the cover d and the sides of the vesselb
which contains the melted metal, so that the steam produced in the interior
vessel is caused by this means to descend down nearly to the surface of the
melted metal, and then to pass up between the sides of the vessel b, and the
exterior of the cover d, before it passes away by the pipe to the cylinder of
the engine (if the steam is to be employed for obtaining motive power); by
this means the different parts of the boiler are kept at an even temperature,
and the steam is at the same time highly heated. The boiler is also furnished
with a pipe e, which passes from nea 'he bottom of the vessel a to the exterior
of the boiler, where the pipe e is fur..ished with a tapf, by turning which the
nature of the steam produced may at any time be ascertained, and the vessel a
be also cleared of sediment, which, when steam is generated in the manner
above described, is produced in the state of powder. In order to be able to

page_text: ;
ascertain whether the bath of metal in the vessel is melted, a rod g passes
down through the cover of the vessel; the end of this rod is bent, and by
turning this rod from time to time, it can be ascertained whether the bath of
metal is melted, so that the vessel a will always (if the bath of metal be of tin)
be kept above a temperature of 230° Centigrade (the melting point of tin).
In order to prevent the vessel a being heated too highly, a tube h passes down
through the centre of the cover of the vessel b to the bottom of the vessel a
in the bottom of this tube there is a small quantity of lead, the melting point
of which is about 320° Centigrade; this lead, when not melted, holds down
the end of a rod i, the upper end of which is connected to the end of one arm
of a lever, on the end of the other arm of which there is a weight j¹; but
when the lead is melted, the weighted arm of the lever descends and opens a
communication from the boiler to the whistle k, and so announces when the
bath of metal is heated beyond 320° Centigrade. lis a pump, worked by the
engine, by which the water to be fed to the boiler is first pumped through.
the pipe into a cylinder m, in which is a weighted piston n, which equalizes
the flow of water to the boiler; and on the pipe o, by which the water is
conducted to the boiler, there is a tap, on the plug of which there is a pointer p
which indicates on a graduated dial the amount of water passing to the
boiler.
The next part of my Invention consists in an improved arrangement of
apparatus for condensing the steam as it passes from the cylinder of the
engine. For this purpose the steam is conducted from the cylinder by a
pipe q to the tubular condenser r, the parallel tubes of which are surrounded
exteriorly by water which is passing from the cylinder m to the boiler. The
pipe m' conducting the water from the cylinder m to the bottom of the
external casing surrounding the tubes, and the pipe o conveying it away from
the top of the casing to the boiler. The steam from the cylinder being highly
heated, converts a portion of the water surrounding the tubes into steam,
which passes, together with the water, by the pipe o into the boiler, and is
there highly heated before it passes to the cylinder of the engine. The steam,
after it has passed through the tubes of the condenser r, passes by the pipe s
into the tubes t' of the tubular condenser t, which tubes are, as in the former
case, surrounded by water, and in this condenser the steam is perfectly
condensed. The water condensed in the tubes falls to the bottom of the
vessel t, and passes away by the pipe u to the pump worked by the engine,
and is by it again pumped into the cylinder m, to be again supplied to the
boiler, so that the same water is used again and again. The decreasing the
temperature of the stem which passes from the cylinder in the first condenser

page_text: and the finally condensing it in the second condenser, forms a vacuum on one
side of the piston of the engine, whilst the steam formed in the first condenser
increases the pressure on the other side of the piston, and so aids in working
the engine.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is,-
First, the heating a vessel in which steam is produced in the manver
herein described, by means of a bath of metal, which is in complete contact
both with the vessel in which steam is produced and with the vessel which
contains the melted metal, as herein described.
Second, the causing the steam to circulate in the interior of the boiler, 'as
herein described, so as to keep the different parts of the boiler at a uniform
temperature.
Third, equalizing the flow of water to the boiler by feeding it from a
cylinder in which a weighted piston works.
tap
Fourth, regulating the amount of water admitted to the boiler by a
having on its plug a pointer,, which indicates on a graduated dial the exact
amount of water passing.
Fifth, passing the superheated steam coming from the engine through a
tubular surface condenser, the tubes of which are surrounded by water that is
passing to the boiler, so that the superheated steam converts a portion of the
water into steam.
Sixth, the finally condensing the steam which has passed through the first
condenser in a tubular surface condenser, as herein described.
And, lastly, I claim the combined apparatus herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Felix Alexandre Testud de Beauregard
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Third day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine."
Witness,
F. TESTUD DE BEAUREGARD, Eng. (L.B.)
CHI. ARMENGAUD, je,
Civil Engineer,
23, Boulev de Strasbourg,
... à Paris.