Improvements in Fire-proof Structures and in Bricks for the same.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 30th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 4th Jan., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fire-proof Structures and in Bricks for the same.
I, JULIUS HOMAN of 17 Gracechurch Street, in the City of London, Engineers
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
In the Specification of a former patent granted to me dated the 2nd day of
September 1887, No. 11937, 1 described a fire-proof floor in which T irons were
placed transversely between the main girders, the lower surface of the bricks coming
below the girders, the under surface of the girder being protected by plaster carried
by the bricks.
According to this invention I dispense with the T irons and support the bricks
upon the main girders, and I make the bricks project so as to cover or partially cover
the under side of the girder.
For these purposes I make the bricks longer than is usual, say 18 inches long,
so that they extend from one girder to another, and I notch their ends so that they
einbrace the lower flanges of the girders. Their under surface is preferably made
with dove-tailed grooves so as to form keys for the plaster, and their two sides may
be made to incline towards each other so as to form V shaped grooves to receive and
key the concrete. These bricks put into position one by one inserting them
diagonally then turning them into position with their length at right angles to the
girders the lower flanges of the girders entering the notches at the ends of the bricks.
The bricks are then pushed along the girders to one end until each brick touches
the one last put in. In this way the space between two girders can be almost filled
with bricks from end to end but owing to the necessity of putting the bricks in
diagonally it cannot be quite filled. When the necessary number of bricks has been
put into place they are equally spaced, leaving small openings between. These
spaces serve as additional keys for the plaster and concrete.
I preferably perforate the bricks transversely of their length so as to decrease their
weight, or in some cases I make the bricks with a transverse section like the
letter H so that when put together they have tubular spaces between them running
transversely to the girders.
The bricks may also be made sufficiently deep and their ends be so notched that
both flanges of the girder would be covered.
Although in the foregoing description I have only spoken of floors it will be
evident that walls and other structures may be made in the same manner.
T
thin 19th day of March 1889.
JULIUS HOMAN.
Dated this 19th day of March 1889.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
JULIUS HOMAN.
Improvements in Fire-proof Structures and in Bricks for the same,
1, JULIUS HOMAN of 17 Gracechurch Street in the City of London Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
In the Specification of a formner Patent granted to me dated the 2nd day of
September 1887 No. 11937, I described a fire proof floor in which T irons were
placed transversely between the main girders, the lower surface of the bricks coming
below the girders, the under surface of the girder being protected by plaster carried
by the bricks.
According to this Invention I dispense with the T irons and support the bricks
upon the main girders, and I make the bricks project so as to cover or partially cover
the under side of the girder.

page_text: For these purposes I make the bricks longer than is usual, say 18 inches long, so
that they extend from one girder to another, and I notch their ends so that they
embrace the lower flanges of the girders. Their under surface is preferably made
with dove-tailed grooves so as to form keys for the plaster and their two sides may
be made to incline towards each other so as to form V shaped grooves to receive 5
and key the concrete. These bricks I put into position one by one inserting them
diagonally then turning them into position with their length at right angles to the
girders the lower flanges of the girders entering the notches at the ends of the bricks.
The bricks are then pushed along the girders to one end until each brick touches
the one last put in. In this way the space between two girders can be almost 10
filled with bricks from end to end but owing to the necessity of putting the bricks in
diagonally it cannot be quite filled. When the necessary number of bricks has
been put into place they are equally spaced, leaving small openings between. These
spaces serve as additional keys for the plaster and concrete.
I preferably perforate the bricks transversely of their length so as to decrease 1
their weight, or in some cases I make the bricks with a transverse section like the
letter H so that when put together they have tubular spaces between them running
transversely to the girders.
The bricks may also be made sufficiently deep and their ends be so notched that
both flanges of the girder would be covered.
Although in the foregoing description I have only spoken of floors it will be
evident that walls and other structures may be made in the same manner.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a floor constructed according to this invention the
plane of section being at right angles to the girders.
Figure 2 is partly a side elevation and partly a vertical section parallel to the
girders and Figure 3 is a plan with the top flanges of the girders and the concrete
above the girders removed in places.
In Figures 1-3 the plaster on the underside of the floor is omitted.
2
2
As is shown the form of the brick allows the concrete at the ends of the brick to g
extend down to the bottom flanges of the girders and these support the concrete
independently of the bricks.
Figures 4 and 5 are a side elevation and plan showing a brick being put into
place. In Figure 5 the top flanges of the girders are broken away in places.
Figures 6, Figures 7 and Figures 8 show side and end elevations of three forms a
of brick suitable for laying in this manner.
a a are the girders, bb the bricks and c concrete.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion aud in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In fireproof structures approximately filling the spaces between the main girders
with bricks of a length sufficient to extend from one girder to another and having
their ends notched to receive the flanges of the girders substantially as described.
2. In building fireproof structures such as are referred to in the first claim the
method of placing the bricks consisting of inserting them in succession diagonally to the
girders then turning them at right angles to the girders and sliding them in
turn close up to the preceding brick and finally when all the bricks are between a
pair of girders spacing the bricks equally substantially as described.
3. Fireproof structures substantially as described. and shown in the drawings.
4. Bricks substantially as shown at Figures 6, Figures 7 and Figures 8.