A MACHINE OR HYDRAULIC ENGINE FOR APPLYING THE POWER OR PRESSURE OF WATER, STEAM, OR OTHER ELASTIC FLUIDS TO THE PURPOSE OF WORKING MACHINERY, AND OTHER USES REQUIRING POWER, AND APPLICABLE TO THAT OF RAISING OR FORCING OF FLUIDS
Year: 1830

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDWARD
DAKEYNE, and JAMES DAKEYNE, of Darley Dale, in the County of Derby,
Merchants, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-first day of January, in
the tenth year of His reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors; give
and grant unto us, the said Edward Dakeyne and James Dakeyne, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that we, the said Edward Dakeyne and James,
Dakeyne, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said Edward Dakeyne and James Dakeyne; our executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland called England, the Dominion of Wales, and,
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "A MACHINE OR HYDRAULIC
ENGINE FOR APPLYING THE POWER OR PRESSURE OF WATER, STEAM, OR OTHER
ELASTIC FLUIDS TO THE PURPOSE OF WORKING MACHINERY, AND OTHER USES
REQUIRING POWER, AND APPLICABLE TO THAT OF RAISING OR FORCING OF FLUIDS;" in
which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging us, the said
Edward Dakeyne and James Dakeyne, or one of us, by an instrument. in

page_text: writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of-us,
particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled
in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Edward Dakeyne and James Dakeyne, do hereby declare that the nature
of our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed,
is fully described and ascertained by the Drawings hereunto annexed, and
the following description thereof, that is to say :-
Figure 1st is a front elevation of our machine or hydraulic engine;
Figure 2nd, a vertical section of the same, shewing its internal parts. Figure 3rd
is a plan of that part of Figure 1st marked. Figure 4th is a plan of the
upper part of Figure 1st, marked X, X, taken off and reversed. Figures
5 anil G represent two of the internal parts taken out. Figures 7,8,9, and 10,
are diagrams to elucidate the action of the fluid. Figure 11 is a front
clevation-of-our-machine-or-hydraulic.engine under a different arrangement..
Figure 12. is a vertical section of the samé, and Figure 13 is a vertical
section of the same under a further variation. In the several views herein
given the same letters of reference in each Figure represent the same thing or
the same part of the described machine. The fluid used for the purpose
of
working machinery revolves. through a circular groove. or channel.A, A,
Fig. 2, formed round the equatorial, circumference of a globe B, having
ingress and: egress through two narrow openings a,.b, close on each side. of a
stop or partition c, placed across the said channel, and the circumition of the:
fluid.gives.conical motion to the poles of the said globe B on the centre C,
effected by pressure-on the planes of a circular plate or planche D, D, united.
to the equatorial circumference of the said globe B, which we denominate the
ecliptic ring. The said globe B being placed in an oblique position the said
ecliptic ring thereon forms semicircular inclined planes longitudinally across
the said channel, the fluid pressing on which causes the said poles to revolve
conically in orbs or circles on the vortex or centre-C, and by the said conical
motion of the poles of the said globe B revolving motion is communicated to
machinery by means of the taper rod E, which is fixed in the upper pole of the
said globe, as in Fig. 1st, and the opposite pole F of the said globe may also
act conjointly therewith, as shewn in the arrangement in Fig. 11; hereafter
:

page_text: described. The case G, which forms the said channel A, A, is constructed of
cast iron or other suitable material, and is made in two parts X, X, and Z, Z,
screwed together at the flanches d, d, and rabbeted one into the other at e, e,
for security and steadiness. The aperture of the said channel A, A, is
sectorally formed, as shewn in the section, Fig. 2nd, the periphery e, e, thereof
being the interior equatorial portion of a sphere turned smooth and spherically
concave from the centre of the said globe B, and the internal opposite
planes ffff, of the said channel being constructed in the radius to the said
centre of the said globe B, and turned smooth and true, and the junctures of
the said opposite planes to the said moveable globe B, at 1,,,, are con-
structed sperically concave to fit thereto; and to secure the said channel A, A,
water or steam tight at the said junctures annular grooves are constructed
round each of the said concave joining parts, which fit to the said moveable
globe B, near to the said channel, into which are laid packages of leather or
other suitable material, shewn at y, y, and y, g, in Fig. 2d and 4th. Relative
to a system which appertains to the fulcrum of the machine herein-after
described, certain spaces or superficial areas of defined dimensions g, h, g, h,
and g, i, g, i, are encompassed on the polar surfaces of the said globe B, the
said surfaces being partially inclosed by spherically concave caps or shells
constructed on each division of the said case G, and their junctures to the said
surfaces being secured by water or steam tight packages near the poles
at h, h, and i, i, the said spaces are circumscribed thereby, being the spaces
betwixt which and the before-described packages g, g, and g, y, on the said
surfaces beneath the said caps or shells. The package h, h, is composed of
leather or other suitable material laid into an annular groove or rabbet made
secure by a flanche or ring 9, the within diameter of which being of sufficient
width to admit of the conical revolutions of the polar rod E, and the
package i, i, which is in the cavity of the said globe B, is formed and secured
in the manner herein-after described. The said stop or partition c, (shewn in
Fig. 3rd, not shewn Fig. 2d,) which cuts off the communication or excludes the
junction of the ingress and egress fluid, and causes the circumition round
the said channel A, A, consists of a thin plate constructed of wrought iron,
brass, or other strong and suitable material, is fixed stationary in the said.
channel A, A, in the radius to the centre of the said globe B; and right angu-
larly across the said channel A, A, and made firm and stationary in grooves k,
shewn in Fig. 4th, to the three internal angular planes e, f, f, and is curved to
form juncture to the moveable globe B, and made as nearly as possible water
or steam tight thereto by a package of leather or other proper material laid

page_text: intó a groove or otherwise by any of the known methods. The said two
narrow openings a, b, for the ingress and egress fluid are constructed close on
each side of the said stop or partition, and perforate the periphery e, e, of the
said channel A, A, and also 'the said opposite planes ff, thereof laterally on
each side of the said stop or partition c. The said ecliptic ring D,D,on which
the pressure of the fluid round the said channel A, A, impels the conic-revo-
lutions of the poles of the said globe B, consists of a circular plate or flanche
constructed of cast iron, brass, or other strong and suitable material firmly
united to the equatorial circumference of the said globe B; projecting all round
therefrom across the said channel to the periphery e, e, and forms moveable
juncture thereto, and made nearly water or steam tight by a package-on its
circumference, shewn at m,m, in Fig. 2d, of leather or other suitable material,
laid into a groove or otherwise by any of the known methods, and the said
ecliptic ring has a narrow-slot.n in its radii where the stop or partition is fixed
across the channel: A, A; and the said globe B, round the equatorial circum-
ference of which the said 'ecliptic ring is formed, is constructed of cast iron,
or other suitable material turned smooth and globular on its outer surface,
and being moveable, as before mentioned; within the junctures thereto of the
said case at:g, g, and g, g; its poles are inclined obliquely, causing the said-
ecliptic ring to form contiguity with the said internal opposite planes of
the said channel A, A, at f, o, f, o, opposite, through the centre of the said
globe B; and the said planes 0,0,0,0, of the said ecliptic ring being constructed
in the radius to the centre of the said globe B, and turned true and smooth form
water or steam tight joints with the, similarly constructed internal opposite
planes of the said channel A, A. By the inclination of the poles of the
said globe B the ecliptic ring forms a diagonal circular division longitudinally
athwart the said.channel, each of its sides being in contact, with the internal
opposite planes of the said channel, through the centre, and circumvolves or
rolls in the circle (round the said channel) with conical motions of the poles
of the said globe B. The respective indefinite radii of each plane or surface
of the ecliptic ring, meeting those of the internal opposite planes of the said
channel A, A, forming opposite each other through the centre two water
or 'steam-tight radial: joints revolving round-the-said..channel A, A, which
action we denominate the ecliptic circumvolution, and in spontaneous suc-
cession on one or the other side of the said half circular plane or surface
of the ecliptic ring athwart the said channel A, A, the circumition of the.pro-
pelling fluid-round the said channel having ingress at one of the said narrow
openings, close to one side of the said stop or partition, and egress at the

page_text: other, close to the contrary side thereof, impels the described motion by
pressure, effecting conic revolutions on the poles of the said globe B with
regular impetus impressed from the propelling cause continuate as elucidated
in the Diagrams Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 10, herein-after described. The conical
motion of the poles of the said globe B effected as described, conjointly or
singly, communicate revolving motion to machinery with regular impetus
and continuate force, and, by the arrangements shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, is
effected solely by means of the taper rod E, which is fixed in the upper
conically revolving pole of the said globe B, its other termination being
connected turnable (in a collar p which turns upon it) to a radial arm H,
which is fixed to the shaft or spindle I, which revolves in collars 2, 7, placed
in the axis of the motion, and has a wheel to drive machinery. The said
narrow slot n in the radii of the said ecliptic ring through which the said stop
or partition c is fixed (stationary right angularly across the said channel A, A,
is sufficient in width to admit of free action in the ecliptic inclinations
of the said ring, and to prevent its being forced in contact or rubbing
against the said stop or partition, is governed by a cross angular motion. The
case G, which forms the said channel, being encircled by a ring L, which.
(being bent over the part of the said case to which the pipes are fixed to
avoid contact therewith when in motion) vibrates on the axis r, r, which are
fixed firmly on the outside of the said case G, opposite each other through the
centre on the equatorial plane of the said channel A, A, and a semicircular
ring M is fixed firmly by means of a sockets to the polar rod E, with its
circular branches brought downwards to the equatorial plane of the said
ecliptic ring, having bushes at their terminations right opposite to each other
through the centre, and which are connected turuable in the said ring L
on axis t, t, which are placed right angularly transverse of the said axis r, r.
This cross angular motion as described alternates with the motion of the polar
rod E, and causes the opening or slot n, in the said ecliptic ring, to alternate
nearly in the polar meridian, or right-angularly across the said channel A, A,
during the conical revolutions of the said poles of the said globe B. The said
globe B is cavated to admit of the centre C, shewn in Figure 2nd, which is
the fulcrum of the said conical motion, and consists of a globe turned smooth
and true, of less diameter than the said globe B, within which it is fixed
concentrically with the outer surface thereof, having a rod or shaft u which
is accurately fitted into a perforation in the lower end of the said polar rod E,
by which it is met in the upper pole of the said globe B, and made secure
by a cross bolt or pin at ; and the lower division Z, Z, of the said case G

page_text: has a socket or cylindrical projecting part, into the area, of which the
cylinder N is accurately and adjustably fitted, and firmly fixed by adjusting
screws at the flanches, w, having a perforated hemispherical head incased
with a bush a of brass or other proper material, in which is inclosed the said
globe or centre C; the said brush having a perforation through its upper
part with sufficient liberty for the conic, motion of the said rod or shaft. .u,
and the said bush is in two parts for the purpose of being put together on
the said globe or centre C; and the said bush a is supported in the said
hemispherical head-of-the-said.cylinder N (inclosing the said centre O) by
a strong rod. or shaft o, having a flanche y to fit against the said brush,
and is adjustable at the other end by a strong screw fixed in a plate 5, which
is secured by screws to the before-mentioned flanche on the said cylinder N
at w,. The package-i, i, before mentioned and referred to the description.
here given; is composed of leather or other suitable material, laid into an
annular groove round the hemispherical-head of the said cylinder N, on which
moves a semispherical concave cap or shell 1, which is turned sinooth within
and concentrical with the said 'centre C, to move water or steam tight on
the said package i, i, and is steadily fixed on the said rod or shaft u. The
spontaneous revertions of the force of the fluid to the contrary. sides of the
said ecliptic ring during the circumvolution, as shewn in the Diagrams
liercin-after described, cause the fulcrum or, centre C to be pressed in
contrary directions at every half revolution of the described conical motion
of the said globe B with the said polar rod E; the effect of this spontaneous
transitory action on the said fulcrum or centre C is opposed and counter-
acted by correspondent transilience of force of influxious hydrostatic pressure
of the propelling fluid from the said channel A, A, reverting from one to
the other of the inclosed spaces g, h, g, h, and g,,y,i, on the polar surfaces
of 'the said globe B, before described, which said spaces being nearly equal
in,their respective areas to those of one half the surfaces or planes of the said
ecliptic ring on which the force of the said fluid acts in the channel A, A,
the said fulcrum or centre C is tliereby nearly kept in equilibrio, suspended
by equal opposite forces during the conic motion; videlicet, the said fluid in
being conducted from the said channel A; A, by means of two small conduits
or apertures, both of which being made in the direct opposite radius or half
the circle from the said stop or partition-c, before described, and separately
communicating to the upper and lower divisions of the said channel. A, A;
on each side of the said ecliptic ring D, D. The conduit or aperture shewn
at 2, 2, in Figs:,2 and 3, conducts the fluid from the upper side of the said

page_text: ecliptic ring across the equator, through the substance of the said ecliptic--
ring, to the cavated 'polar surface g, i, g, i, to circumfuse with hydrostatic
pressure thereon opposite to the force of the propelling fluid on the upper.
one half plane or surface of the said ecliptic ring during one half the revolu-
tion, as shewn in the shaded parts in the Diagrams Figs. 7 and 8, and the
said hydrostatic pressure on the spontaneous reversion of the force of the said
fluid to the contrary side of the said ecliptic ring to effect the remaining
half revolution, reverts to the conduit or aperture; (shown at 3, 3, in Figs. 2,
3; and 4th; in-the-lower-division-of the said channel A, A,) which aperture
'conducts the said fluid across the équator through the substance of the said
case G to the opposite polar surface g, h, g, h, of the said globe. B, to circum-
fuse with hydrostatic pressure thereon in opposition to the force. of.the.
propelling fluid on the lower half plane or surface of the said ecliptic ring.
during the said remaining half revolution, as shewn by the-shaded parts in
the Diagrams Figs. 9 and 10. For the purpose of supplying the globe or
centre C with oil in the bush a, the diagonal perforation 4 is made thereto
through the polar rod E, and the escape or leakage of the influx hydrostatic
fluid through the package on which the concave cap or shell 1. moves is
admitted to run off through the-cylinder-N-without-mixing with the oil, by_
means of a small guard round the upper part of the said bush x;.projecting
to the cavated cap or shell 1, and of channels on the circumference of the
said busli x, shewn in Fig. 6, which represents the bush x on an enlarged
scale, and apertures in the supporting plates y and. The pipe P, P, in
Fig. 1st, conducts the ingress propelling fluid to the narrow-opening a close
to the said stop or partition c, and is attached to the casc Ġ (on which seats
ör branches are constructed round the said openings for the pipes to fit to)
by flanches and screws or other means, the other end to communicate to a
head or force of water, or to the force of steam produced by any of the
known methods, or to the force of other fluids. And the short pipe Q, Q,
in Fig. 1st, is similarly fixed to the said narrow-opening b, on the other side
of the said stop or partition c, for the purpose of conducting away the fluid
after the effects produced, or, if steam be used as the propelling power, may
convey the said fluid into a condensor of known construction to effect a
vacuum on the negative side of the ecliptic ring. The case G is secured
firmly to the frame R. by flanches and screws at 5, 5, or otherwise. The
Diagrams, Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 10, represent the circumference of the said
channel A, A, that of the ecliptic ring D, D, and. polár surfaces of the
globe B, and also the action of the fluid longitudinally, both sides..being

page_text: brought to view in the manner of a map of the terrestrial globe, shewing
four different positions of the ecliptic division in the circumvolution, and
the action of the propelling fluid is represented by the shaded parts.
In the first position, Fig. 7, the polar rod E is represented as being
inclined to the radius of the said stop or partition c in the channel,
and impelled in the direction of the arrows by the propelling fluid, which
is shewn by the shaded parts, acting by pressure on the upper polar half
side of the said ecliptic ring, having ingress at the narrow opening a,
close. to the side of the stop or partition c, and the said fluid is also
shewn by the shaded parts to communicate thence through the small
conduit 2, 2,.across the equator to the lower polar surface g, i, g, i, of the said
globe B, and circumfuse thereon with hydrostatic pressure opposite to the
force of the said shaded fluid on the said upper polar half side of the said
ecliptic ring, which opposite forces maintain the equilibrio of the fulcrum or
centre C of the said conic motion during one half the revolution, and the
spent or negative fluid is shewn by the unshaded parts, as revolving from the
contrary side of the ecliptic ring, and passing away at the opening b on the
other side of the said top or partition c, and is also shewn as negative or
passive on the upper polar surface g, h, g, h, of the said globe B.
Fig. 8 represents the ecliptic division when propelled by the fluid in the
said direction one fourth part of the circle from the position of Figure 7.
Fig. 9 represents the position when the ecliptic division and the conical
motion of the polar rod E have effected one half the revolution from the
position of Fig. 7; in this position the propelling fluid is as represented by
the shaded parts, spontaneously reverted to the contrary polar half side of the
said ecliptic ring, and also through the small conduit 3, 3, across the equator
to the upper polar surface g, h, g, h, of the said globe B, and circumfused
thereon with hydrostatic pressure opposite to the force of the shaded fluid on
the lower polar half side of the said ecliptic ring, maintaining the central
equilibrio the remaining half revolution, and so forward in continuate suc-
cession during the conical revolutions of the polar rod E.
Fig. 10 represents the position when the ecliptic division and the polar
rod E have revolved in the said direction three fourth parts of the revolution
from the position of Fig. 7. The before-described centre C, and the sup-
porting cylinder N, may be omitted, being substituted externally by the cross
angular motion before described, which by its alternating to the circles on
the axles described, constitutes the fulcrum of the machine on the outside of
the said case G, and in which case for greater security a rod is fixed in the

page_text: other pole of the said globe B, shewn at F in Fig. 11, and the said semi-
circular ring M is formed into an entire ring or circle, which circumscribes
the said case G, and is united to the said rod F by a socket 6, similar to that
of s on the opposite polar rod E; and the said cavated polar surface g, i, g, i,
of the said globe B, (as seen in the section in Fig. 12,) is made spherically
convex, similar to that of g, h, g, h, and secured.by a package and ring in a
similar manner at 7, 7; and also the hydrostatic fluid is conducted from the
said channel A, A, to the polar surface g, i, g, i, in a similar manner to that
of g, h, g, h, videlicit, through the substance of the case G, as shewn in
Fig. 12, and not through the ecliptic ring as before described; and the said
globe B may be made hollow for lightness, see section Fig. 12; and also the
said rod F may co-operate in effect with the described rod E, in giving motion
to machinery, by its giving motion in a similar manner to a shaft or spindle S,
on which is fixed a wheel T, which is equal in diameter to the wheel K on the
opposite pole, and is also divided into the same number of cogs; and to unite
their motions a parallel shaft may be fixed to revolve in collars, having at each
end a wheel, equal to each other in their respective diameters and number
of cogs, geared into each of the said wheels K and T. The before-described
system of suspending the fulcrum or centre of the machine in equilibrio, by
counteracting hydrostatic pressure, requires the said globe B to be nearly two
third parts of the diameter of the periphery of the said channel A, A; but
in some cases the said system of suspending the fulcrum or centre of the
machine in equilibrio by hydrostatic pressure may be omitted, as shewn in
section Fig. 18. In such cases the inclosed spaces g, i, g, i, and g, h, g, h, on
the opposite polar surfaces of the said globe B, not being required, the said
globe B may be constructed less in its proportional diameter to that of the
periphery of the said channel A, A, as in Fig. 13, and the machine may be
constructed according to the first-described arrangements, as in Fig. 1, 2,
omitting the said system of suspending the fulcrum or centre by hydrostatic
pressure, in which case the said globe B may be diminished, and also the
supporting cylinder N, in their proportional dimensions, to that of the periphery
of the said channel A, A. The action of the machine, as described, is similar
the contrary way, by applying the propelling fluid to the opening 6 instead of
a, as described. This machine or engine is applicable to the purpose of
raising or forcing of fluids, constructed as described, and when used for that
purpose a moving power is to be applied to the axle I to effect the conic
revolution, and the fluid entering the channel at one of the said openings a or b,
is impelled therefrom in the direction of the motion by the ecliptic circum-
volution, through pipes attached to the other said opening for
purposes that
R

page_text: may be required. Although we have drawn and described this machine or
engine situated or.fixed in a vertical direction, nevertheless it may, when
required;-be-placed in a horizontal or inclined position.
In witness whereof, we, the said Edward Dakeyne and James Dakeyne,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fifteenth day of July, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Fifteenth day. of July, in
the year above mentioned, the aforesaid Edward Dakeyne and James Dakeyne
came before our Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained in form
above written.. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the Twenty-first day of July, in the year above written.