IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW PRESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRESSING AND MOULDING SOAP, OR FOR PRESSING, MOULDING, PACKING, OR STAMPING OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1867

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to Frederick John Cleaver, of the Firm of Frederick
Samuel Cleaver and Son, of 32 and 33, Red Lion Street, in the County
of Middlesex, Wholesale: Perfumers and Fancy Soap Makers, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW PRESSES AND APPARATUS FOR
PRESSING AND MOULDING SOAP, OR FOR PRESSING, MOULDING, PACKING, OR
STAMPING OTHER MATERIALS."
Sealed the 18th February 1868, and dated the 24th August 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick John Cleaver
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th August 1867:
I, FREDERICK JOHN CLEAVER, of the Firm of Frederick Samuel Cleaver and
Son, of 32 and 33, Red Lion Street; in the County of Middlesex, Wholesale
Perfumers and Fancy Soap Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW PRESSES AND APPARATUS-FOR-PRESSING
AND MOULDING SOAP, OR FOR PRESSING, MOULDING, PACKING, OR STAMPING OTHER
MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the arrangement and construction
of screw presses and apparatus connected therewith suitable for pressing and
moulding soap, or for moulding, packing, or stamping other materials. For
this purpose in carrying out my improvements I-connect the upper end of the

page_text: axis of the screw of a press by a suitable joint to the lower end of a piston
rod, the piston of which works in a cylinder mounted upon the framing,
the piston being actuated either by steam, compressed air, or other elastic
fluid. A cross head upon the piston rod gives motion to a slide valve so
arranged that the length of stroke of the piston may be readily adjusted from
time to time by means of a screw or otherwise as required. Another slide valve
is also arranged capable of adjustment so as to cut off the steam or other
motor during the up stroke of the piston when the press is used for pressing
and moulding soap or other similar slightly elastic materials, where the
rebound is sufficient to effect the upward movement of the piston. A fly
wheel is mounted upon the axis of the screw, a portion of its length being
formed square and so as to move up and down freely through a square opening
in the boss or centre of the fly wheel, which is retained in position by a
grooved collar or otherwise. Below the plunger of the press a rotating table
is arranged, upon which the moulds or dies are mounted for receiving the soap
or other materials to be pressed or moulded. A step-by-step movement is
communicated to the rotating table so as to bring each mould in- succession as
the table rotates correctly under the plunger each time it descends. This is
effected by means of a pin upon the fly wheel engaging (as the screw axis
ascends) with a forked rim upon a vertical axis, thus causing it to make a
partial revolution, which motion is transmitted by suitable gearing to the
rotating table and moulds or dies mounted thereon, the further movement of
which is arrested by means of a sliding pin or stop which enters holes or
recesses formed to receive it in the rim or periphery of the rotating table.
This sliding pin or stop is connected to a lever actuated by a cam upon the
the rotating
screw axis. The moulds or dies are raised and lowered upon,
table by fixed inclines acting on friction rollers upon the under sides of the
moulds or dies. The moulds may be fed by hand or by suitable 'self-acting
feed apparatus if desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick John Cleaver in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 24th February 1868:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I; FREDERICK
JOHN CLEAVER, of the Firm of Frederick Samuel Cleaver and Son, of 32
and 33, Red Lion Street, in the County of Middlesex, Wholesale Perfumers
and Fancy Soap Makers, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give. and grant
unto me, the said Frederick John Cleaver, Her special licence, that I, the said
Frederick John Cleaver, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as
I, the said Frederick John Cleaver, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and 'lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW PRESSES AND APPARATUS, FOR PRESSING AND MOULDING
SOAP, OR FOR PRESSING, MOULDING, PACKING, OR STAMPING OTHER MATERIALS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederick John Cleaver,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office.
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the 'said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick John Cleaver, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to improvements in the arrangement and construction
of screw presses and apparatus connected therewith suitable for pressing and
moulding soap, or for moulding, packing, or stamping other materials.
For this purpose in carrying out my improvements I connect the upper end of
the axis of the screw of a press by a suitable joint to the lower end of a piston
rod, the piston of which works in a cylinder mounted upon the framing, the
piston being actuated either by steam, compressed. air, or other elastic fluid.
A cross head upon the piston rod gives motion to a slide valve so arranged
that the length of stroke of the piston may be readily adjusted from time to
time by means of a screw or otherwise as required. Another slide valve is
also arranged capable of adjustment so as, to cut off, the steam or other motor
during the up stroke of the piston when the press is used for pressing and
moulding soap or other similar slightly elastic materials where the rebound is
sufficient to effect the upward movement of the piston. A fly wheel is
mounted upon the axis of the screw, a portion of its length being formed

page_text: square and so as to move up and down freely through a square opening in
the boss or centre of the fly wheel which is retained in position by a grooved
collar or otherwise. Below the plunger of the press a rotating table is
arranged upon which the moulds or dies are mounted for receiving the soap
or other, materials to be pressed or moulded. A step-by-step movement is
communicated to the rotating table so as to bring each mould in succession
as the table rotates correctly under the plunger each time it descends. This
is effected by means of a pin upon the fly wheel engaging (as the screw axis
ascends) with a forked arm upon a vertical axis, thus causing it to make a
partial revolution, which motion is transmitted by suitable gearing to the
rotating table and moulds or dies mounted thereon, the further movement of
which is arrested by means of a sliding pin or stop which enters holes or
recesses formed to receive it in the rim or periphery of the rotating table.
This sliding pin or stop is connected to a lever actuated by cam upon the
screw axis. The moulds or. dies are raised and lowered upon the rotating
table by fixed inclines acting on friction rollers upon the under sides of, the
moulds or dies. The moulds may be fed by hand or by suitable self-acting
feed apparatus if desired.
And in order that my Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into practice, I will proceed to describe the Drawings bereunto
annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a front elevation, Figure 2 a side view, and Figure 3 a
vertical section of a screw press suitable for pressing and moulding soap and
other materials, constructed and-arranged in accordance with my improve-
ments; Figure 4 is a transverse section, and Figure 5 a plan, of the rotating
table and moulds. The other Figures shew separate views of some of the
parts, the nature of which is written thereon..
a is the screw of the press which works up and down through a screw nut
or collar fixed in the cross bar 6 of the framing b. of, the press. The upper
end of the screw axis a is connected by the joint a¹ to the lower end of the
piston rod c¹, the piston of which is moved up and down in the cylinder c
(mounted on the framing 6 of the press) by means of steam, compressed air,
or other elastic fluid. The joint a connecting the axis a and piston rod c¹
is constructed so as to admit of the rotation of the axis a without affecting the
vertical motion of the piston rod. Upon the piston rod c¹ the collars d, e,
and fare mounted, d and e being fixed. thereon, whilst the central collar fis
free to revolve with the socket a fixed on the screw axis a into which it

page_text: screws, and is fixed by a pin f, thus securely connecting the parts together as
will be readily understood on examining the separate views of the parts at
Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9 of the Drawings. f are balls or spheres interposed
bétween the parts to reduce friction. The lower end of the screw axis a is
connected by a similar joint to the socket a² which carries the plunger and
top die of the press: a³ is. a guide connected to the upper part of the plunger
as shown, to retain the top die or plunger in correct position in its descent into
the mould. The vertical motion communicated to the screw axis 'a' by the
piston rod c¹ causes it to rotate by moving up and down through the female
screw nut or socket fixed in the bar 6 of the framing. c is a cross head fixed
on the piston rod c. The arm c³ of the cross head acts upon the adjustable stops
or tappets c, c, carried by the sliding rod c connected to the lever c" which
actuates the slide valve c8 for admitting steam, compressed air, or other elastic
fluid alternately to the upper and under sides of the piston moving in the
cylinder c, the stroke of which can thus be varied as required. When the
press is used for compressing soap or other similar slightly elastic materials an
additional slide valve c is employed actuated by the arm c¹ of the cross
head acting on tappets fixed on the valve rod, as shown, the upward
movement of the cross head supplying the steam required for the down stroke.
This slide valve closes the inlet passage to the under side of the piston during
part of its ascent, the upward movement of the piston being obtained by the
rebound produced by the compression and reaction of the soap or other
similar slightly elastic material in the mould. Steam is admitted through the
latter part of the up stroke of the piston in order to effect the rotary move-
ment of the table h. The slide valve lever c' is formed with a joint at c*
moving in one direction only, the rigidity of the lever being maintained by
the 'spring attached thereto when acting on the material in the mould, but
should the plunger descend when the mould is empty the spring will yield or
give way, the rigidity of the lever being destroyed, and the strain which would
otherwise be thrown on the slide gear is avoided. A pin is also inserted in
the fly wheel g, which in case the plunger descends too low into the mould
acts against a fixed stop or elastic buffer to arrest its further descent. The
slide is dispensed with when the piston requires to be raised by the action
of the steam or other motor. g. is a fly wheel mounted on the screw axis a,
the upper part of which is square, passing freely through a square opening in
the centre of the fly wheel g, by which means rotary motion is communicated
alternately in opposite directions from the screw axis a to the fly wheel g
which retains its position with reference to the vertical motion of the axis by
its weight. The fly wheel 9 communicates a step-by-step movement to the

page_text: rotating table h (upon which the series of moulds or dies i are mounted for
receiving the soap or other material to be pressed or moulded) in order to
bring the moulds i in succession correctly under the plunger in the following
manner: A pin g¹ carried by the fly wheel g enters a slot or fork of the
lever ', which is loose or free to move on the upper end of the axis h. The
lever h¹ carries a click or driver h*, the point of which is constantly pressed
so as to engage with the teeth of the ratchet h³ fixed on the end of the axis h²,
by which means the movement of the lever h¹ and driver h* actuated by
'the pin g¹ transmits motion to the ratchet h³ and axis 2 in one direction only
during each ascent of the piston. is a toothed wheel fixed on the lower
end of the axis he, which by means of the intermediate toothed wheel h³ gives
motion to the toothed wheel he fixed on the axis of the rotating table h, which
thus receives an intermittent rotary movement to the extent of a quarter
of a revolution in the arrangement shewn, so as to place each mould i
(containing the soap or other material to be pressed) in succession correctly
in position underneath the plunger or upper die of the press. The move-
ment of the table his arrested and retained in correct position in the
following manner is a sliding pin or stop which is constantly pressed by
the spring against the periphery of the table h so as to enter suitable recesses
therein in order to lock or hold the table h and arrest its movement as each
mould i arrives below the plunger. The pin or stop is withdrawn froni. its
recess to permit the table to make a partial revolution by the forked end of
the lever moving on a pin joint at it. The lever 3 is actuated, by the lever
nioving on a pin joint at ", which lever receives motion from the cani
fixed on the boss of the fly wheel g to withdraw the pin. The moulds i are
furnished with lifters j to-raise the soap, or other material out of the mould
after it has been stamped. The lifters have stems, the lower ends-of
which are furnished with studs or friction rollers which enter the grooved
incline formed on the fixed central part of the table h, by which means the
lifters are raised and lowered within the moulds i from time to time as the
table revolves. h are friction rollers against which the table h rotates, and
is a screw to adjust the position of the table. The moulds i (the number of
which may be varied) are emptied and supplied with fresh material to be
pressed or stamped during the rotation of the table h by the attendant, but if
desired self-acting feed apparatus may be applied in order to supply the soap
or other material to the moulds, the contents of which after being pressed or
stamped may be removed by self-acting apparatus for receiving and delivering
the contents in succession as raised out of, the moulds.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the best means I

page_text: am acquainted with for carrying the same into practice, I would have it
understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details herein described,
as the arrangement and construction of the parts may be considerably varied
without departing from the true character of my Invention; but what I claim is,
the improved arrangement and construction of screw presses and apparatus
combined therewith, actuated and operating in the manner herein described
for the purpose of pressing and moulding soap, or for pressing, moulding,
packing, or stamping other materials.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick John Cleaver, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
J. G. TONGUE,
Patent Agent,
FRED. JNO. CLEAVER. (L.S.)
34, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, W.C.