IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REMOVING SAND OR MUD FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE SEA, AND OF RIVERS, DOCKS, AND HARBOURS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Campbell, of No. 44, Adelaide Road, Haver-
'Stock Hill, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REMOVING SAND OR MUD FROM THE
BOTTOM OF THE SEA, AND OF RIVERS, DOCKS, AND HARBOURS."
Sealed the 4th December 1860, and dated the 21st August 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Campbell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
August 1860.
I, JAMES CAMPBELL, of No.. 44, Adelaide Road, Haverstock Hill, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for 'IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REMOVING SAND OR MUD
FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE SEA, AND OF RIVERS. DOCKS, AND HARBOURS," to be
as follows:
My Invention consists in the combination of a rotary agitator or scarifier.
with hydraulic pumps applied to steam vessels, in such a manner as to be
[Price 8d.]

page_text: driven by a steam engine or other mechanical power separate from and inde-
pendent of the engine or engines for propelling the vessel. For this
purpose the agitators or scarifiers (the number and form of which may be
varied) are mounted on an axis fitted in a frame suspended from the driving
shaft of the independent engine, so as not to interfere with the working of the
shaft. The ends of this shaft carry pulleys, over which pass endless chains for
turning pulleys on the ends of the axis of the agitators. The said driving
shaft is also made to work the pumps on board of the vessel, from which water
is forced through pipes leading to a chamber suspended from the frame of the
agitators, and hence through outlets from the chamber, so as to act on the
sand, mud, or earth turned up by the agitators or scarifiers, and in combination
therewith to remove the same as required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the: Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Campbell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th
February 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
CAMPBELL, of No. 44, Adelaide Road Haverstock. Hill, in the County of Middle-
sex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Campbell, Her special license that I, the said James Campbell,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James
Campbell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend; within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR REMOVING SAND OR MUD FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE, SEA, AND OF
RIVERS, DOCKS, AND HARBOURS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said James Campbell, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the

page_text: same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE that I, the said James Campbell, do hereby declare tho
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention of "Improvements in Apparatus for Removing Sand or Mud
from the Bottom of the Sea, and of Rivers, Docks, and Harbours," consists in
the combination of a rotary agitator or scarifier with hydraulic pumps applied
to steam vessels, in such a manner as to be driven by a steam engine or other
mechanical power separate from and independent of the engine or engines for
propelling the vessel. For this purpose the agitators or scarifiers (the number
and form of which may be varied) are mounted on axes fitted in a frame
suspended from the driving shaft of the independent engine, so as not to
interfere with the working of the shaft. The ends of the shaft carry pulleys,
over which pass endless chains for turning pulleys on the ends of the axis of
the agitators. The said driving shaft is also made to work the pumps on
board of the vessel, from which water is forced through pipes leading to a
chamber suspended from the frame of the agitators, and thence through
outlets from the chamber, so as to act on the sand, mud, or earth turned up
by the agitators or scarifiers, and in combination therewith to remove the same
as required.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention, I will proceed to describe
more particularly in what manner the same is to be performed, by the aid of
the accompanying Drawings, in which the apparatus above referred to is repre-
sented as applied to a steam vessel.

page_text: which the force pumps E, E, are worked through the connections shewn;
F, F, are pipes through which the required hydraulic pressure is communicated
from the pumps E, E, to the chamber G, in which are outlets II, II, for the
exit of the water under pressure; K, K, are side frames suspended from the
shafting D, D, for supporting the agitators or scarifiers L, L, fixed on the
axle M, which has its bearings in the frames K, K, and which is made to
revolve by means of endless chains N, N, passing from the pulleys 0, 0, on
the shaft D to the pulleys P. P, on the shaft M. The side frames K, K, are
capable of being turned on the shaft D as a centre, for the purpose of raising
or lowering the agitators or scarifiers to the required depth by means of bevil
gearing and shafting Q from the shafting D to the shaft R, which crosses the
vessel under the deck, and carries two cham barrels S, S, on which the chains
connected to the side frames K, K, work, and thus the side frames K, K, are
capable of being adjusted to the position required. The dotted lines in Fig 1
shew the position of the said frames and agitators or scarifiers when not in
usc.
From the foregoing description it will be evident that the agitators or
scarifiers L. L, will be driven at the required speed by the engine C. in-
dependently of the engines A, A, for propelling the vessel through the
connections described, and also that the force pumps E, E, will be worked by
the same engine C, so as to force a stream of water through the pipes F, F,
and chamber G on to the sand or mud, or other soil at the bottom of the sea,
river, dock, or harbour. By this combination of a stream of water under
pressure with the agitators or scarifiers, the latter will be assisted in their
aperation on the soil, and an artificial current will be produced, or a natural
current will be increased in velocity, for the purpose of removing to a greater
distance the sand or mud disturbed by the agitators or scarifiers and pumps,
and held in suspension by the water.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed. I hereby declare that 1 do not claim as
of my Invention the application and use of agitators or scarifiers to be driven
by an engine on board of a vessel, except such engine be capable of being
adjusted to drive the apparatus at the required speed independently of the
engine or engines for propelling the vessel; neither do I claim the application
and use of agitators or scarifiers except in combination with the force pumps
to maintain a stream of water under pressure directed on to the soil, for the
purpose described; but what I do claim as of my Invention is. the application
and use of the agitators or scarifiers combined with the means of producing

page_text: and directing a stream of water under pressure, when both the agitators or
scarifiers and the force pumps are driven by an engine independent of the
engine or engines for propelling the vessel, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Campbell, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Ninth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Signed by the said James Campbell in
the presence of
G. W. R. WAINWRIGHT,
JAMES CAMPBELL. (L.S.)
Staple Inn, Sol"