IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINE CUTTING TOOLS AND HOLDERS FOR CARRYING THE SAME
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Taylor Lingard, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engincer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
23.
Scaled the 25th June 1875, and dated the 29th December 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Taylor Lingard
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 29th December 1874.
I, THOMAS TAYLOR LINGARD, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINE CUTTING TOOLS AND HOLDERS FOR CARRYING
THE SAME," to be as follows :—
My Invention relates to the use in machines for operating upon metal
and other substances of tools (in conjunction with suitable holders)
whose cutting portions are each made so as to have three or more
angular sides or parts meeting in the form of a point or cutting edge.
The tools may be made in the forms of cubes, pyramids, crystals, or
other suitable forms, and the holder is arranged to receive and retain
them in such position that one of the points or cutting edges with
portions of the sides converging thereto, which point or edge with its

page_text: converging sides form what I denominate a cutting portion of the tool,
shall project beyond the holder sufficiently to freely cut the substance to
be operated upon.
The tool holders may be made either to fix the cutting tools in ono
defined direction, or the angle or direction of the projecting point or
cutting edge may be varied by means of an adjustment in the holder
itself.
The cutting tools are to be made of steel or other metal, cast, forged,
compressed, or ground into form, or mineral or other substances ground
into shapes to suit the holders may be used. The holders are intended
to be made and adjusted to the tool rests of certain machines in which
they are designed to operate, the advantages of this general arrangement
being that one tool holder provided with a set of my improved cutting
tools of different sizes and forms will suffico for a large number of
different classes of work. Moreover when any one of the several cutting
portions of one of my improved tools is worn the tool may be readily taken
out of the holder and replaced so as to present to the work one of the
unworn cutting portions of the same tool, thoroby ensuring the
equivalent of at least four ordinary cutting tools for cach of my improved
tools, and reducing the quantity of steel required, as well as making the
tools themselves both harder and more durable in action, at the samo
time that the cost of steel used for any special tool will be reduced,
and the quality and durability of the cutting portions considerably
augmented.
The portion of the tool holder which contains and grips the cutting a
tool may have an adjustment in the tool holder itself which permits the
angle of the cutting tool to be adapted to the work to be done in the
most advantageous position suited to the material and the form required
to be produced.

page_text: The tool holders may be made cither to fix the cutting tools in one
defined direction or the angle or direction of the projecting point or
cutting edge may be varied by means of an adjustment in the holder
itself.
The cutting tools are to be made of steel or other metal, cast, forged,
compressed, or ground into form, or mineral or other substances ground
into shapes to suit the holders may be.used. The holders are intended
to be made and adjusted to the tool rests of certain machines in which
they are designed to operate, the advantages of this general arrange-
ment being that one tool holder provided with a set of my improved
cutting tools of different sizes and forms will suffice for a large number of
different classes of work. Moreover when any one of the several cutting
portions of one of my improved tools is worn the tool may be readily
taken out of the holder and replaced so as to present to the work one of
the unworn cutting portions of the same tool, thereby ensuring the 1
equivalent of at least four ordinary cutting tools for each of my improved
tools and reducing the quantity of steel required, as well as making the
tools themselves both harder and more durable in action, at the same
time that the cost of steel used for any special tool will be reduced,
and the quality and durability of the cutting portions considerably
augmented.
The portion of the tool holder which contains and grips the cutting
tool may have an adjustment in the tool holder itself which permits tho
angle of the cutting tool to be adapted to the work to be done in tho
most advantageous position suited to the material and the form required
to be produced.

page_text: screw (or an equivalent may be used) for retaining in position the
cutting tool A and the tube or other medium used for fixing the tool and
conducting the lubricant.
screw (or an equivalent may be used) for retaining in position the
cutting tool A and the tube or other medium used for fixing the tool and
conducting the lubricant.
Fig. 3 is a section of the cutting tool, and Fig. 4 is a plan of the
same.
Fig. 5 illustrates a modification of my apparatus, in which a wedge E
is employed to tighten up the cutting tool, the wedgo being adjustable
by means of a screw and nut, as shewn.
The arrangements of apparatus shewn in the views above referred to
arc for turning, planing, and slotting machine tools, or for other tools
working upon straight, cutting, or turning work.
Fig. 6 illustrates the application of my Invention for drilling purposes.
In this case the tool is shewn as being made in the form of a cube A.
C is the drill spindle by which the tool A is held within the holder,
substantially in the manner already described with reference to previous
Figures.
Having described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same may be carried into practical effect, I wish it to be
understood that what I consider to be novel and original and therefore
claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is, the use of tools and holders, as herein-before
described, for the purpose of turning, planing, slotting, and moulding.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Taylor Lingard, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.