Improved Machinery for Obtaining a Cross-over Finish and Raising on Cut Pile and other Fabrics.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left. 12th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 12th Oct., 1888
Improved Machinery for Obtaining a Cross-over Finish and Raising
on Cut Pile and other Fabrics.
We, JAMES WORRALL of Ordsall, Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Dyer, and
JOHN KERSHAW of Hebden Bridge in the County of York, Manager, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates chiefly to the finishing of cords, moleskins, and velveteens, but
it is also applicable to the treatment of other fabrics in which a nap is required
to be raised on the same.
In finishing corduroys, it has been usual to subject the cut-pile fabric, as it is passed
through the finishing machine, to the action of reciprocating brushes, or endless chains
of brushes, working transversely of the machine, and at right angles to the travel
of the fabric.
Great difficulty has however been found in ensuring that the brushes shall penetrate
to the bottom of the pile, or that they shall act uniformly on the whole breadth of
the fabric.
Now the main object of the present invention is to obtain an uniform action of
the brushes over the surface of the fabric, and that of a more searching character
than heretofore.
To this end we construct the finishing machine in such a manner that the cord or
other fabric will be fed into the machine at the side thereof, instead of at the front
end, as heretofore, and received onto the rounded edge of a diagonal bed or bar placed,
say, at an angle of 60 degrees to the side of the machine. Over this bed the fabric
is drawn by a suitable card roller, and it is delivered out of the machine at the
back end thereof.
In front of this diagonal bed, we mount a rotary brush, the tufts of which are
helically disposed in the usual manner around its periphery.
To this brush we give a rapid rotary motion, and we thereby cause it to act
efficiently on the fabric as it is strained over the rounded edge of the diagonal bed or
bar. In travelling over this rounded edge, a space is opened out in the pile for the
brush to enter and act upon the whole length of the pile.

page_text: When a corded fabric is thus submitted to the action of the rotating brush, the
cords will lie nearly parallel to the edge of the bed, and therefore the ground of
the fabric will be laid bare as it passes over the edge of the bed.
No obstacle will therefore be presented to the penetration of the brush into
the pile, and hence the brushing will be rendered far more efficient than
heretofore.
In some cases we propose to fit the finishing machine with a second diagonal bed,
over which the fabric will pass after leaving the first.
Between these two beds will be mounted a card roller, for drawing the fabric
over the first bed, and passing it, by the aid of a guide roller, to the second bed.
From this diagonal bed the fabric will pass to the card roller, which delivers it out
of the machine. In front of this second diagonal bed, a second rotary brush is
mounted, which being driven in the opposite direction to the first brush, will act upon
the forward side of the cords, or the opposite side to that which was submitted to the
first rotary brush.
When it is desired to raise a nap on the fabric, card rollers are substituted for the
rotary brushes. The nap may be raised on one or both sides of the fabric, but when
required to be raised on the back, the fabric will in that case be laid into the machine
so that its back shall be presented to the action of the card roller.
It will be understood that the length of the brushes, and of the carding rollers, will
somewhat exceed the measured with of the fabric, as presented to the edge of the
diagonal bed.
Dated this 12th day of Navambor 1907

page_text: Improved Machinery for Obtaining a Cross-over Finish and Raising
on Cut-pile and other Fabrics.
We, JAMES WORRALL of Ordsall, Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Dyer, and
JOHN KERSHAW, of Hebden Bridge, in the County of York, Manager, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates chiefly to the finishing of cords, moleskins, and velveteens, but
it is also applicable to the treatment of other fabrics in which a nap is required to be
raised on the same.
In finishing corduroys, it has been usual to subject the cut-pile fabric, as it is
passed through the finishing machine, to the action of reciprocating brushes, or endless
chains of brushes, working transversely of the machine, and at right angles to the
travel of the fabric.
Great difficulty has, however, been found in ensuring that the brushes shall
penetrate to the bottom of the pile, or that they shall act uniformly on the whole
breadth of the fabric.
Now the main object of the present invention is to obtain a uniform action of the
brushes over the surface of the fabric, and that of a more searching character than
heretofore.
To this end we construct the finishing machine in such a manner that the cord or
other fabric will he fed into the machine at the side thereof, instead of at the front
end as heretofore, and received onto the rounded edge of a diagonal bed or bar
stretching from side to side of the machine. Over this bed the fabric is drawn
by a suitable card roller, and it is delivered out of the machine at the back end
thereof.
In front of this diagonal bed, we mount a rotary brush, the iufts of which are
helically disposed in the usual manner around its periphery.
To this brush we give a rapid rotary motion, and we thereby cause it to act
efficiently on the fabric as it is strained over the rounded edge of the diagonal bed or
bar. In travelling over this rounded edge, a space is opened out in the pile for the
brush to enter, and act upon the whole length of the pile.
When a corded fabric is thus submitted to the action of the rotating brush, the
cords will lie nearly parallel to the edge of the bed, and therefore the ground of
the fabric will be laid bare as it passes over the edge of the bed.
No obstacle will, therefore, be presented to the penetration of the brush into
the pile, and hence the brushing will be rendered far more efficient than
heretofore.
When it is desired to raise a nap on the fabric, a card roller is substituted for
the rotary brush

page_text: In the accompanying drawings;
Fig. 1 shews in plan view our improved machine fitted as a finishing machine, say,
for brushing cords, and
Fig. 2 is a front view of the same, the bars which guide the cloth into the machine
being removed, the better to illustrate the construction and position of the
*working parts.
Fig. 3 shews in front view the guide bars mounted on the framing of the machine,
together with a guide roller for receiving the cloth from the bars, and
Fig.
is an end elevation of the same.
Figs. 5, 6, and 7, are detached views illustrating the arrangement of the diagonal
bed or bar over which the cloth travels, and the parts in immediate connection there-
with, for brushing the cloth, and for ensuring that the cloth shall retain its proper
position while passing over the bar.
A A are the side frames of the machine, held together by tie rods, and furnished
with bearings for the main driving shaft B.
CC are light standards mounted on a lateral extension of the frame A, and carrying
guide bars c¹² 3, the position of the standards being such that the guide bars will
lie askew, or at about an angle of 30 degrees with the side frame A.
To the lateral extension of this side frame, bracket bearings are bolted, to carry a
guide roller D, which is fitted with a friction pulley d, that will retard its tendency
to rotate under the draught of the cloth that is submitted to the action of the
machine.
E is a diagonal bed or bar, made fast by brackets to the side frames A A'. This bar,
which lies at an angle to the frame A corresponding to the angle made by the guide
bars with that frame, serves to present the cloth to the action of the rotary finishing
brush F, which is mounted in bearings attached to the side frames, the bracket of
the side frame A being the same which carries the front end of the diagonal bar.
This same bracket also carries a bearing for a short smoothing roller G, which
underlies the bar E, and is supported at its further end in a bearing carried by the
bar.
His a roller for drawing the cloth over the diagonal bar, whence the cloth passes
under a guide roller h, and up to a roller I, which delivers it to the ordinary recipro-
cating folder K.
C
The cloth to he treated is brought in a pile to the side of the machine, and laid
alternately over and under the guide bars ²²³, as shewn in Fig. 4. It then passes
under the guide roller to the underside of the diagonal bed or bar E, and being
laid over the edge thereof, it is brought up to the drawing roller H, whence it passes,
as already stated, under the roller h, and thence to the folder.
The driving shaft B is fitted with a pair of fast and loose band pulleys, through
which it receives its motion. It is also fitted with a band pulley, and a double
grooved band pulley 12, for transmitting motion to the operating parts of the
mechanisın. A crossed band from the pulley passes round a pulley, running
loosely on the shaft of the roller H. Cast in one with this pulley, is a spur pinion h2,
which gears into a spur wheel 3, keyed to a transverse axle carried by bearings on
the side frames A A¹. To the opposite end of this axle is keyed a spur pinion,
gearing into a spur wheel 4, which is keyed to the axle of the roller H. This
arrangement of gearing serves to transmit, from the quickly rotating driving shaft B,
a slow rotary motion to the roller H, for the purpose of drawing the cloth into and
through the machine.
which
Keyed to the front end of the axle of the brush F, is a band pulley
receives a band from the double grooved pulley 62 in the following manner :-
ff are guide pulleys mounted on studs of the side frame A, and f³ is an adjustable
tension pulley carried by a stud which is adjustable in a longitudinal slot in the
frame A.
A band from the pulley 12 passes under the guide pulley ", then up to and over the
pulley down to and under the guide pulley, and thence to the second groove of
the pulley. From this pulley, the band passes forward to the tension pulley f³,

page_text: and back to the pulley thus, provision is made for the band to accommodate itself
to the skewed position of the brush shaft.
On the opposite end of the brush shaft is keyed a worm f, which serves to
drive a worn wheel y carried by a short shaft that has its bearings on the bracket
that connects with the frame A', and carries the brush shaft.
is a grooved pulley on the worm wheel shaft, and from it passes a band which
leads to a pair of grooved pulleys carried by an adjustable stud attached to a standard
supported on the near bearing of the brush shaft. From these pulleys, the band
passes down to, and is laid around a grooved pulley on the axle of the smoothing
roller G thus a slow rotary motion is imparted to the roller G, as the cloth is drawn
into the machine.
This roller is ribbed longitudinally, and it serves to counteract a tendency which
the cloth has to shift on the diagonal bar E, away from the feeding side of the
machine.
A slow rotary motion is given to the delivery roller I by a band, which passes
from a pulley, on the shaft of the roller H, to a pulley i on the shaft of the
roller I.
The folding apparatus K receives its reciprocating motion from the crank k of
a transverse shaft ', which is driven by a band from the roller I.
16 will now be understood that when corded cloth is presented to the action of the
brush F, the bristles will, by reason of the opening of the pile, be able to
penetrate the sides of the cords, and act upon the whole length of the pile.
To adapt the machine to the raising of a pile for the manufacture of moleskins,
it is only necessary to substitute for the brush F, a card roller of any approved
construction.
When the card roller is used in this machine, a fuller nap is raised (owing to
its diagonal action on the cloth) than if it acted longitudinally of the cloth, and, as
compared with cross-raising, its action is far more rapid.
The nap may be raised on one or both sides of the fabric, but when required to
be raised on the back, the fabric will, in that case, be laid into the machine, so
that its back shall be presented to the action of the card roller.
It will be understood that the length of the brush, and of the carding roller,
will somewhat exceed the measured width of the fabric as presented to the edge
of the diagonal bed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
Constructing finishing and raising machines with a diagonal bed or bar, fitted
as above described, for presenting the cloth to the action of a rotating brush or
card roller arranged to work parallel thereto, as and for the purpose above set forth.
Dated this 12th day of September 1888.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.