Improvements relating to Governors for Motive-power Engines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Sept., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 27th June, 1893-Accepted, 5th Aug., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Governors for Motive-power Engines.
I, RICHARD DE EICKEN, of 117 Boulevard de la Villette, Paris, in the Republic
of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has for its subject a device which is applied to centrifugal
governors of steam, gas, air and other motive-power engines with the object of
stopping the engine when the connection between the latter and the governor
breaks.
The centrifugal governors employed in engines, and particularly in steam, gas
and air engines, maintain the variations in the velocity within certain limits. They
generally receive their movement from the fly-wheel shaft by means of a belt
which passes from a pulley on this fly-wheel shaft to another pulley on an axis
which turns in supports of the frame of the governor, and which by the intervention
of two bevel pinions actuates the vertical shaft to which the governor balls, discs
or weights are attached. Thus these balls, discs or weights are subjected to the
centrifugal force which remains uniform for an invariable velocity and which raises
or lowers these regulating masses according as the velocity of the engine augments
or diminishes; these upward and downward movements effect a greater or smaller
opening of the throttle, flap or other valve with which the steam, gas or air
admission pipe is provided.
When under these circumstances the cord or belt which connects the fly-wheel
shaft and the governor slips from one of its pulleys or breaks, the governor, being
left to itself, will assume its position of rest, the balls, discs or weights drop to their
lowermost position and cause the throttle, flap or other valve for the admission of
steam, air, gas or the like to be opened wide. In this state the engine receives the
maximum of steam, gas or air, and races, consequently accidents of all kinds may
happen both to the engine and to the tools, frames or machines driven.
Now this abnormal movement of the engine thus released from control will
continue as long as the mechanism is not caused by hand to change the admission
of steam, gas or air, and it will be signalized only when the accident will have
produced its serious effects.
My invention has essentially for its object to remedy the defects herein before
referred to, and is designed, when the connection between the centrifugal governor
and the steam, air or gas engine breaks, to instantaneously and automatically cut
off the admission and consequently stop the engine. No accident can therefore
happen either to the engine or to any part of the works.
This invention consists in bringing into permanent contact with the connecting
cord or belt a lever which turns as soon as this cord or belt breaks or slips from its
pulleys, and which raises to its highest point the sleeve of the governor and
consequently closes the steam gas or air admission pipe.
I will proceed to describe by way of example an arrangement of my improved
device applied to the governor of a steam engine, but it will be understood that this
device may be modified so as to adapt the same to the construction of any motive-
power engine and its governor.
Take a governor the vertical axis of which turns in a frame secured upon the
cylinder of the engine. The sleeve of the governor, which follows the upward and
downward movements of the balls or discs, operates by a small rocking lever and
intermediate rods a valve included in the steam admission pipe in front of the
distributing box. The vertical axis is set in rotary movement by a belt which
travels from the pulley keyed upon the driving shaft to the pulley fixed upon a
shaft which turns in a long sleeve on the frame of the governor; upon the latter

page_text: shaft is a bevel pinion which gears with a bevel wheel on the vertical shaft of the
governor.
This arrangement is well-known. The frame carries a fixed axis upon which is
loosely mounted a rocking lever having a forked arm which embraces the said
vertical shaft below the sleeve. By its other arm the rocking lever carries a roller
designed to move with little friction upon the belt. The rocking lever is moreover
provided with a weight in such a manner that in the normal operation this weight
will not tend to turn the same. A stop fixed to the frame of the governor limits
the upward movement of the said roller, as it forms an abutment for the first arm
of the rocking lever this arm being sufficiently heavy for equilibrating the second
lever to a great extent.
If now the cord or belt breaks or slips from one of the pulleys the governor
stops and the sleeve passes to its lowermost position, while the roller descends with
the second arm of the rocking lever turning upon its fulcrum, in which movement
this arm is aided by the above-mentioned weight which compels the first arm of the
rocking lever to turn upwards. This arm of the rocking lever at once encounters
the sleeve of the governor and raises the same to its uppermost position.
Owing to this movement the above mentioned small rocking lever and inter-
mediate rods will almost instantaneously cut off the steam and thereby stop the
engine.
Dated this 28th day of Sentember 1909
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Governors for Motive-power Engines.
I, RICHARD DE EICKEN, of 117 Boulevard de la Villette, Paris, in the Republic
of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be perforined to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention has for its subject a device which is applied to centrifugal
governors of steam, gas, air and other motive-power engines with the object of
stopping the engine when the connection between the latter and the governor
breaks.
The centrifugal governors employed in engines, and particularly in steam, gas
and air engines, maintain the variations in the velocity within certain limits. They
generally receive their movement from the fly-wheel shaft by means of a belt
which passes from a pulley on the said shaft to another pulley on an axis which
turns in supports of the frame of the governor, and which by the intervention of
two bevel pinions actuates the vertical shaft to which the governor balls, discs or
weights are attached. These balls, discs or weights are thus subjected to the
centrifugal force which remains uniform for an invariable velocity and which raises
or lowers these regulating masses according as the velocity of the engine is
augmented or diminished; these upward and downward movements effect a greater
or smaller opening of the throttle, Hap or other valve with which the steam, gas or
air admission pipe is provided.
When the centrifugal governor receives its motion directly from the fly wheel
shaft by means of bevel wheels similar displacements of the regulating masses are
effected.
It will be observed that when the parts for transmitting motion break or when
the cord or belt, which connects the fly wheel shaft and the governor slips from one
of its pulleys or breaks the governor, being left to itself, will assume its position of
rest; the balls, discs or weights drop to their lowermost position and cause the
throttle, flap or other valve for the admission of steam, air, gas or the like to be

page_text: opened wide. In this state the engine receives the maximum amount of steam, gas
or air and therefore races; consequently accidents of all kinds may happen both to
the engine and to the tools, frames or machines driven by it.
Now this abnormal movement of the engine thus released from control will
continue as long as the mechanism is not caused by hand to shut off the admission
of steam, gas or air; and it will be signalized only when the accident will have
produced its serious effects.
My invention has essentially for its object to remedy the defects hereinbefore
referred to, and is designed, when the connection between the centrifugal governor
and the steam air or gas engine breaks, to instantaneously and automatically cut off
the admission, and consequently stop the engine. No accident can therefore happen
either to the engine or to any part of the machinery driven thereby.
This invention consists in bringing into permanent contact with the connecting
cord or belt a lever which turns as soon as this cord or belt breaks or slips from its
pulleys, and which raises to its highest point the sleeve of the governor and
consequently closes the steam, gas or air admission pipe.
In the accompanying drawing,
Figure is an end elevation, of my device applied to the governor of a steam
engine.
Figure 2 is a side elevation.
Figure 3 is a plan of Figure 1, and
Figure 4 represents a modification which is necessary for connecting the governor
and the fly wheel shaft by gearing.
Referring to the drawing, the vertical axis a of the governor turns in a frame b
secured upon the cylinder of the engine. The sleeve d of the said governor
which follows the upward and downward movements of the balls or discs, operates
by a small rocking lever e and intermediate rods as e a valve e² included in the
steam admission pipe e in front of the distributing box. The vertical axis a is
rotated by a belt which connects the pulley g keyed upon the driving shaft o to
the pulley fixed upon a shaft which turns in a long sleeve b formed on the
frame of the governor; upon the said shaft h' is a bevel pinion h² which gears with
a bevel wheel a' on the vertical shaft a of the governor.
This arrangement is well known. The frame b carries a fixed axis i upon which
is loosely mounted a rocking lever having a forked arm which embraces the said
vertical shaft a below the sleeve and a short arm m, carrying a roller p designed
to move with little friction upon the belt f. The rocking lever is moreover
provided with a weight in such a manner that in the normal operation this
weight a will not tend to turn the said lever.
A stop fixed to the frame of the governor limits the upward movement of the
said roller, as it forms an abutment for the arm of the rocking lever, this arm
being sufficiently heavy for equilibrating the lever m to a great extent.
If now the cord or belt breaks or slips from one of the pulleys g or h the
governor stops and the sleeve d passes to its lowermost position, while the roller p
by reason of the arm m of the rocking lever descends, turning upon its fulcrum, in
which movement the arm m is aided by the above-mentioned weight x which
compels the arm 1 of the rocking lever to turn upwards. This arm / will thus
engage with the sleeve d of the governor and raise the same to its uppermost
position.
Owing to this movement of the above-mentioned small rocking lever e and
intermediate rods will almost instantaneously cut off the steam, and thereby stop
the engine.
If the governor is actuated directly by gearing I employ the device shown in
Figure 4, which is of remarkable simplicity.
The pinion A is arranged in connection with the driving shaft of the engine and
gears with the pinion B which operates a third pinion C which actuates the
governor. As long as the two pinions A and C turn at an equal velocity the
pinion B which gears with them will turn simply on its axis; but as soon as one of

page_text: the pinions A or C stops for some reason or other, for instance owing to the
breakage of the governor, the pinion B will move upon the pinion which is stopped
and it will impart to its axis D an oscillating movement which I utilize for closing
the steam admission pipe either directly or through the medium of the rod E and
levers or by any other means, and consequently stop the movement of the engine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
First. In a centrifugal governor as hereinbefore described an oscillating device
comprising a rocking lever or its eqivalent, one arm of which carries a roller
which moves without friction upon part of the cord or belt which is used for
establishing the connection between the engine and the governor, and the other arm
of which, equilibrating wholly or partly the first arm with the roller is arranged
below the sleeve of the said governor in such a manner that if the said connecting
cord or belt breaks or slips from its driving pulleys the said rocking lever turns of
itself or by the aid of a suitably arranged weight, and causes the upward movement
of the sleeve of the governor and consequently the total or partial closing of the
gas, air or steam admission pipe.
Second. In a centrifugal governor a device comprising three bevel pinions
gearing together, two of which have their axes in line with one another and the
third having its axis perpendicular or at right angles to the other two and adapted
to oscillate in a plane likewise perpendicular to them in such a manner that if one
of the first two pinions is stopped the third will move upon it, being operated by
the one which continues to move and imparts to its shaft an oscillating movement
which is utilized for closing the steam admission pipe and thus stopping the engine.
Dated this 27th day of June 1893.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.