Improvements in the Construction and Fixing of Windows
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 3rd June, 1889-Accepted, 13th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction and Fixing of Windows,
THOMAS SHARPLES Watchmaker, 80 Victoria Street Blackburn HUGH GARDINER
GRAHAM Insurance Agent 174. Montague Street Blackburn do hereby declare the
nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND FIXING OF
WINDOWS to be as follows :—
The bottom rail of the window sash is hinged or pivoted to the frame, and stays
of any suitable material or construction are attached at one end to the sash stile
and at the other end to the frame for the purpose of staying the sash in any required
position when open.
When a spring is used for the stay a rack and catch is attached to the sash and
frame to keep the sash open to the extent desired.
The sash when closed is secured by a catch or other ordinary fastener or by an
oblong strip hinged to the frame which strip closes up against the sash stile and
prevents the sash from being opened from the outside.
For further security a lock is attached to the window to lock the sash.
Ventilation, when the window is closed, is provided by apertures in the sash stiles,
rails, or in the framing, which apertures, when not in use for ventilation are closed
by means of slides or hinged lids, panels or valves or rotating valves of cylindrical
form.
Dated this Third day of September 1888.
THOMAS SHARPLES.
HUGH GARDINER GRAHAM.
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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction and Fixing of Windows.
THOMAS SHARPLES of 80 Victoria Street Blackburn in the County of Lancaster,
Watchmaker, and HUGH GARDINER GRAHAM of 174 Montague Street Blackburn in
the County of Lancaster Insurance Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In order that this invention may be fully understood the accompanying sheets of
drawings illustrative thereof are marked with figures and letters. The sanie letters
refer to the same parts in each figure.
Figure 1 represents a window fitted according to this invention.
Figures 2 and 3. represent side or end views of the same window when open.
Figure 4 represents views of the spring pulley, the fastening plate and the pivot
fixed to the plate also a section of the barrel with the coil spring in position also
another section showing how the parts of the barrel are joined together.
This invention consists firstly of improved mechanism for the opening and closing
of window sashes without the use of weights, weight cords, weight pullies or
pockets.
The bottom rail of sash A. is hinged or pivoted to the frame B. by the hinges or
pivots O. and a stay G. of suitable material and construction such as band, cord or
chain is attached at one of its ends to the frame B. or to the stile or top rail of sash A.
and at its other end to the pulley F. and for or in connection with the stay and
pulley a coil spring R. is used to regulate the length of stay which holds the sash
when open and to assist in closing the sash when required.
The construction of the pulley preferred is as follows: the barrel with one of the
flanges is in one piece K. At the end of the barrel opposite to the flange is formed a

page_text: male or female screw and the said screw engages with a female or male screw formed on a
stud or shoulder projecting from the inner face of the other flange L. The pulley
being loose rotates on a pivot Q. fixed to the fixing plate I. Inside the barrel is
placed a coil spring which at its central end is attached to the pivot Q. and at its
outer end is attached to the barrel. But for the screwed end of the barrel and screwed
stud or shoulder may be substituted a plain shoulder and cap unscrewed and the
parts may then be fastened together by small screws or pins.
The aforesaid pulley is fixed to the sash stile or top rail of the sash. When the
stay G. is attached to the frame the pulley is fixed to the sash and when the stay is
attached to the sash the pulley is fixed to the frame.
This pulley operates in the following manner when the sash is closed the stay is
wound on the pulley but on opening the sash the stay is unwound, causes rotation
of the pulley & winds up the spring. On releasing the sash the spring uncoils, rewinds
the stay on the pulley and automatically closes the sash. A rack and catch may be
used to counteract the tendency of the spring or the same effect may be secured by
a stay-band or cord fastened to the upper part of the sash and tightened by being
fastened at the other end. to another part of the window. By this means the sash
may be kept open to the desired extent.
Secondly: The sash A when closed is secured by oblong strips C. Similar to
the ordinary staff beads of windows but hinged to the frame B. by the hinges D.
which strips close against the sash stile, prevent the window from being opened from
the outside and prevent the sash from shaking and rattling with the wind.
For further security to the window a lock H. is attached to the hinged strip C.
which lock engages with a slot in the stile of sash A. and prevents the sash from
being opened on the inside.by unauthorized persons. When the window requires
to be open, the strips open out and allow the sash to turn inwards on its hinges.
Thirdly -Ventilation is secured without opening the sash, by apertures P. in the
sash by preference made in the sash rails-which slant upwards from the outside in
an inward direction piercing through the stiles or rails; which apertures when not
in use are closed by hinged valves or lids E. hinged to the sash which cover the
apertures.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The method of opening and closing hinged and pivoted window sashes sub-
stantially as described.
2. The method of securing these windows by hinged strips substantially as
described.
3. Ventilation by apertures in the sash substantially as described.
4. The spring pulley referred to in Figure 4 substantially as described.
Dated this First day of June 1889.
THOMAS SHARPLES.
HUGH GARDINER GRAHAM.