Improvements in or connected with Speed Varying Apparatus.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 12th July, 1899-Accepted, 12th Aug., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Speed Varying Apparatus.
We, CHRISTOPHER HERBERT OLIVERSON, of 11, Queen's Road, Southport, in
the County of Lancs., Engineer, and FRANCIS WILLIAM KILLINGBECK, of 19, Manor
Road, Churchtown, Southport, in the County of Lancs., Foreman, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
-
Our invention is designed with the purpose of transmitting power where the
relative speeds of a driving shaft and a driven shaft require variation, and is
particularly applicable to motor cars, although it may be applied to any machinery
where variable speeds as aforesaid are required.
In our invention we use pulleys of a type in which each pulley is formed by
a pair of discs each dished to form a cone on one of its faces, the coned faces of
these discs forming a V (in half section). In the V thus formed a belt is fitted
having its driving surface at its edges instead of on the inner face of the belt.
The working surfaces of pulleys of this type are varied in diameter by the
forcing apart of the discs, with a resulting expansion of the V, or the drawing
together of the discs, with a resulting contracting of the V, by means of suitable
devices.
Our invention consists mainly in the actuating mechanism of special construc-
tion, to be hereinafter described, by means of which the drawing together of
the coned discs is accomplished and in the use of the thrust of the belt by means
of which the forcing apart of the coned discs is brought about.
In order that our invention may be more readily understood drawings are
appended hereto illustrating a specific form thereof.
In these drawings Fig. I is a longitudinal section of a pulley constructed in
accordance with our invention.
Fig 2 is an elevation showing two pulleys connected by a belt, one mounted
on a driving shaft 1 and the other on a driven shaft 2.
Fig. 3 is a detail section showing a cage in which the bearing balls are held
In these drawings similar numerals of reference indicate similar parts.
A sleeve 11, mounted with a feather key 29 on the shaft 1 which is provided
with a keyway 30 to allow of a longitudinal movement of the sleeve carries two
coned discs 4 and 5. One of these discs 4 is keyed with a feather key 31 on
the sleeve which is provided with a keyway 32 to allow of longitudinal movement
thereon and the other coned disc 5 is also keyed at 33 to the sleeve 11 and secured
and adjusted by the lock nuts 41 and 42. Abutting against a flange 12, on
the sleeve 11, is a second sleeve 6 with threaded flanges or collars 16 and 17.
The thread on flange 16 being a right handed thread and that on flange 17 a
left handed thread, or vice versa. This second sleeve 6 is enlarged at 7 and
> hollowed to receive a collar 14 which forms part of or is rigidly attached to the
shaft 1. A sprocket or chain wheel 23 is rigidly attached to the sleeve 6.
Another sleeve 10 surrounds the sleeve 11 and 6 and is recessed at one end 9

page_text: to receive a boss 26 on the coned disc 4. At the other end this sleeve is
threaded with a female thread to correspond with the male thread on the flange 16.
An inner bushing or sleeve 27 is fitted inside the sleeve 10 and around the
flanges 17 and 12 of the sleeves 6 and 11. This bushing or sleeve 27 is
provided with a female thread in which the male thread on the flange 17
fits. The end 28 of the bushing 27 is in the form of a flange between
which and the flange 12 ball bearings are fitted to reduce friction.
Ball bearings are also fitted at 15 on either side of the shaft collar 14.
The bearing balls 13 I prefer to enclose in a cage, see Figure 3, which consists
of a pair of discs 37 held together by screws 40. The bearing balls are held in
the grooves 38 and project through countersunk holes 39 beyond the faces of
the cage.
This arrangement allows of the assembling of the bearing balls
before they are placed between their bearing surfaces.
Angular movement of the sleeve 27 on the axis of the shaft 1 and relatively
to the sleeve 10 is prevented by a key 34 which is dropped through an opening 35
in the sleeve 10 and longitudinal movement is allowed by the keyway 36. The
coned discs 4 and 5 and the actuating mechanism shown in elevation on shaft 2
(Figure 2) are with the exception of the male and female threads on flanges 16
and 17 similar to those on the shaft 1. The male and female threads 16 and 17
are in this case the reverse of the others for a reason which will appear in
the description of the method of operating our invention.
To prevent the angular movement of the sleeves 10 they are connected by
a telescopic rod 18, 19, 20 pivoted at either end 21 and 22 to lugs forming part
of the sleeve 10.
The sprocket wheels 23 and 24, which are for convenience shown only diagram-
matically in Fig. 2, are connected by a chain 25, are also shown by dotted lines
only, and the two pulleys by a belt 3.
In the position of the respective pulleys in the drawings, that on shaft 1
is shown with the belt 3 occupying the working surface forming its largest
diameter whilst in that on shaft 2 the belt is occupying the working surface
forming the smallest diameter of the pulley.
To reduce the speed (1 being considered the driving shaft and 2 the driven
shaft) it is necessary to reduce the diameter of the working surface of the
pulley on shaft 1 and correspondingly increase that of the pulley on shaft 2.
To accomplish this the sprocket or chain wheel 23 is turned clockwise trans-
mitting its movement to the male threads 16 and 17 through the sleeve 6. These
threads working in their corresponding female threads in sleeves 10 and 27
the threads being respectively right and left handed convey to the sleeves 10
and 27 a longitudinal movement to the left in the case of sleeve 10 and to
the right in the case of sleeve 27. The end 8 of the sleeve 10 (on shaft 1) thus
leaves boss 26 on disc 4 allowing the thrust of the belt to impart a movement
to the disc 4 to the left corresponding with the movement of the sleeve 10. The
flange 28 of the sleeve 27 is similarly moved by the thread 17 but to the right
away from the flange 12 when owing to the thrust of the belt a movement to
the right is imparted to the disc 5 which also carries with it the sleeve 11 and
flange, 12.
The two discs are thus moved apart so as to expand the V.
Simultaneously the angular movement of the sprocket wheel 23 is conveyed by
the chain 25 to the sprocket wheel 24. The threads 16 and 17 in this case being
of the reverse hand respectively as hereinbefore mentioned, the sleeves 10 and 27
receive a reverse movement that is 10 is moved to the right and 27 to the left.
The end 9 of sleeve 10 imparts its right hand movement to the disc 4
pushing or forcing it to the right. In a similar manner the flange 28 acting
on the flange 12, through the balls shown, draws the sleeve 11 and with it the
disc 5 to the left thus producting a contraction of the V.
By reversal of the movement of the sprocket wheels and chain, the reverse
effect is obtained.
The belt accommodates itself to the changed positions with the effect that the

page_text: diameter of the working surfaces of the two pulleys are respectively decreased
and increased and a corresponding variation in speed is obtained.
It is also evident that the two pulleys may be placed at considerable distances
apart in which case instead of connecting the two sleeves 10 by the telescopic
rod as herein before described each sleeve may for example be provided with a
similar telescopic rod which may be pivotted at one end to the sleeve 10 and at
the other to any conveniently fixed object.
We desire it to be understood that we do not limit ourselves to the specific
construction herein before described as it is obvious that any qualified engineer
may modify the details to an indefinite extent without departing from the spirit
of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The means for drawing the cone discs together and for allowing them to
be separated substantially as set forth.
2. The combination of sleeves 11, 6, 27 and 10 constructed and co-operating
substantially as set forth.
3. The arrangement and combination of parts with or without the balls and
cages substantially as set forth with reference to Figure 1.
4. The means for preventing the rotation of the sleeves 10 substantially as
set forth.
Dated this 19th dow of Tu.1., 1900