IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER to be as follows:-
Year: 1884

page_text: 1 LEOPOLD JARDIN, of No 1 Rue Saint Pierre, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER to be as follows:-
"
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for instantaneously heating
running water under pressure.
The object of my invention is to heat water or other liquid capable of circulating
in pipes, to a temperature more or less high.
By my invention if the improved apparatus be placed at any point of a current
of water circulating under any pressure it receives this cold water and heats it in a
very short space of time,-practically instantaneously.
The source of heat which I employ is illuminating gas, but I can employ any
other suitable source of heat Any suitable apparatus for producing heat can be
employed.
I will now describe my improved apparatus but it must be understood that it
may be modified; the form of the coils, that of the fire place, that of the partitions
or jackets, their length, their general dimensions, and the materials of which they
are composed, can be varied without departing from the principle of my invention.
I so arrange the apparatus that the water, on entering the coil of tubes, passes as
much as possible in an opposite direction to that in which the heat passes so that
the coldest water meets the least heated products of combustion and reciprocally.
The apparatus is constructed as follows (1) of a suitable base in which is placed
the gas-furnace (2) of an arrangement of pipes in the form of a grate against which
the heat from the source employed directly strikes (3) of a coil of pipes united at
its upper part to a second coil of pipes by means of a screw-union (4) of a double
jacket or casing enclosing a third coil of pipes also united to the second coil by a
screw union (5) of a jacket or casing suitably held at a distance from the jacket
above described; this jacket supports a fourth coil of pipes which is united to the
third coil (6) of a jacket or casing passing over the fourth coil of pipes and by
means of a slot allowing the end of this coil to pass, to which end is fitted the pipe
for conveying the cold water into the apparatus (7) of an outer jacket or casing
Price Al

page_text: which rests on the base and is provided with a suitable chimney to allow of the
combustible gases passing off.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
Water coming from the delivery pipe under the pressure which may be in this
delivery pipe, or from a tank under the pressure therefrom, enters the fourth or
upper coil of pipes and arrives at the lower part of the apparatus whence it issues
in a more or less heated state, or in the form of steam, through a suitable pipe.
The products of combustion from whatever source of heat may be employed
after heating the hollow grate, rise into the interior of the two first coils of pipes
and then descend into the space between the jackets or casings thus beating the third
coil of pipes. The products of combustion then reascend and escape by the chimney
after heating the fourth coil of pipes.

page_text: DECIFICA
35
I LEOPOLD JARDIN of No 1 bis Rue Saint Pierre, Paris in the Republic of France,
Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for instantaneously heating
running water under pressure.
The object of my invention is to heat water or other liquid capable of circulating
in pipes to a temperature more or less high.
My improved apparatus is applicable for all purposes such as for heating water
to a moderate temperature for baths and other similar purposes, for heating water
to near boiling point for workshops, and bleaching works and for producing steam
or vapour from water or other liquids. I do not confine myself to any particular
employment of the water thus heated which may be used in all cases in which such
water is employed directly or indirectly, as for example for heating habitations
and like buildings. Instead of water or other liquid I can heat air or any kind of
gas which can be circulated in pipes or tubes. But the principal feature of my
invention is that my improved apparatus placed at any point of a current of water
circulating under any pressure will receive the said water in a cold state and heat
it in as short a space of time as possible, that is to say instantaneously.
The source of beat which I employ as shewn in the accompanying drawing is
lighting gas but I can employ any other suitable source of heat such as mineral,
animal or vegetable oils or other liquids capable of affording heat by their com-
bustion, carbon of all kinds such as coal, peat, coke, tar, wood, straw, saw-dust and
the like. Any suitable apparatus for producing heat can be employed.
The apparatus hereinafter described can be modified, that is to say, the form of
the coils that of the fire place and that of the jackets or casings, their length and
general dimensions and the materials from which they are constructed can be varied
without departing from the principal of my invention.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same
by reference to the accompanying drawing in which figure 1, represents a vertical
section of my improved apparatus; figures 2 and 3, are an elevation and a plan
respectively of the part of the apparatus which is directly exposed to the action of
the fire or heat; figures 4, and 5, represent the base suitable for the employment of
an ordinary gas fire place which is shewn in figure 6; figures 7, 8 and 9, represent
several coils of tubes; figure 10, is one of the jackets or casings.
As far as practicable I have arranged the apparatus in such a manner that the
water on entering the coils of tubes passes in an opposite direction to that in which
the heat passes so that the coldest water meets the least heated products of com-
bustion and reciprocally.
The apparatus is constructed as follows:-Firstly-of a suitable base a, (figures 1,
4 and 5) partitioned at n, and in which is placed the gas fire place o, figure 6.
Secondly, of an arrangement of pipes in the form of a grate b, figures 1, 2, and 3,

page_text: against which the heat from the source employed directly strikes. Thirdly, of a
coil of pipes C, figures 1, and 7, united at its upper part to a second coil of pipes 1,
figures 1, and 8, by means of a screw union. Fourthly, of a double jacket or
casing d, and e, enclosing a third coil of pipes k, also united to the second coil L, by
a screw union. Fifthly, of a jacket or casing f, suitably held at a distance from
the jacket e, and supporting a fourth coil of pipes j, figures 1, and 9, which is united
to the third coil k. Sixthly, of a jacket or casing g, figures 1, and 10, passing over
the fourth coil of pipes j, and by means of a slot or hole allowing the end of this
coil to pass, to which end is fitted the pipe for conveying the cold water into the
apparatus. Seventhly, of an outor jacket or casing h, which rests on the base and
is provided with a suitable chimney to allow of the combustible gases passing off.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
.
Water coming from the delivery pipe under the pressure which may be in this
delivery pipe, or from a tank under the pressure therefrom, enters the fourth or
upper coil of pipes j, and arrives at the lower part of the apparatus whence it issues
in a more or less heated state, or in the form of steam through a pipe m, figures 1,
2, and 3.
The products of combustion from whatever source of heat, may be employed after
heating the hollow grate b, riso into the interior of the two first coils of pipes C,
and Z, and then descend into the space between the jackets or casings 6, and f, thus
heating the third coil of pipes k, fixed between the jackets or casings. d, and e.
The products of combustion then re-ascend and escape by the chimney i, after
heating the fourth coil of pipes j.
All the parts of my improved apparatus can be casily taken to pieces and put
together again so that should any one part become deteriorated it can be easily and
-rapidly replaced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
An apparatus such as is herein described having for object the heating in a vory
short space of time by means of auy suitable source of heat, water or other liquid
or fluid circulating under pressure in the supply pipe the heating of the said water
or other liquid or fluid being effected without effecting the material pressure thereof
as herein before described.