IMPROVEMENTS IN COATING METALS, AND IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN COATING
Year: 1863

page_text: FEEDS DAMEN to William Millington Morgan, of Kidderminster, in the
County of Worcester, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN COATING METALS, AND IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN COATING
County of Worcester, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN COATING METALS, AND IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN COATING
METALS."
Sealed the 18th September 1863, and dated the 27th March 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Millington Morgan
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th March 1863.
I, WILLIAM MILLINGTON MORGAN, of Kidderminster, in the County of
5 Worcester, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COATING METALS, AND IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS
EMPLOYED IN COATING METALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the coating of sheets or plates of iron with tin or
lead, or alloys of tin and lead, and to the coating of sheets or plates of such
other metals as are or may be coated with tin or lead, or alloys of tin and
lead.
My improvements consist, firstly, in the use of fluxes consisting of chloride

page_text: of zinc or chloride of zinc and chloride of potassium, which said fluxes are
employed on the surface of the bath of melted tin or lead, or alloy of tin and
lead, in the same way as the fluxes ordinarily used, and cause the tin or lead,
or alloy of tin and lead, to attach itself rapidly to the iron or other surface
being coated.
My improvements consist, secondly, in constructing and arranging the bath
and appliances for conducting the plates under treatment through the bath,
and smoothing the surface of the plates in the following mauner:-A large
cylindrical drum turning on a horizontal axis, is situated over the bath, the
lower half of the said drum dipping into the melted metal in the bath.
Near opposite edges of the bath and on opposite sides of the drum are
two horizontal shafts parallel with the drum shaft. Each of these shafts
carries two or more pulleys, an endless chain passing over each pulley
on one shaft underneath the drum, and over the opposite pulley on the
other shaft. The said chains form endless bands bearing against the under
side of the drum. The shafts carrying the pulleys are made to rotate, and
the plates to be coated are inserted between the chains and the drum, and
are thereby carried underneath the melted tin or lead, or alloy of tin and
lead, and are coated and delivered from the bath at the side of the bath
opposite to that at which they were introduced. On emerging from the bath
the coated plates rise through tallow, grease, or other fatty matter or flux on
the melted metal, and pass between two polished cast steel, iron, copper, or
other hard surfaces situated nearly in contact, tho spaco between them
constituting a slit through which the plates pass, and by the sides of which the
surfaces of the plates are smoothed. The superfluous metal is thereby
removed, and a smooth surface given to the coated plates. I prefer to mako
the polished surfaces between which the plates pass of a convex figure, but
I do not limit myself thereto. The said polished surfaces aro wholly or par-
tially immersed in the tallow, grease, or flux on the melted metal. The said
surfaces between which the plates are drawn may be employed with the
ordinary dipping bath and grease pot used for tinning or coating iron and
other plates. In this case I employ a tin pot, divided at top by a plate,
which dips a few inches under the metal. That side of the bath at which the
plates are introduced is covered with flux, and the plates having been immersed
in the melted metal through the said flux are passed under the division, and
withdrawn at the other side of the pot, which is covered with grease. The
plates are then immersed in a grease pot, from which they are drawn through
the polished surfaces, wholly or partially immersed in the grease; a smooth

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Millington Morgan in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd September 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MILLINGTON MORGAN, of Kidderminster, in the County of Worcester, Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Millington Morgan, Her special licence that I, the said William
Millington Morgan, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said William Millington Morgan, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COATING METALS, AND IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS
EMPLOYED IN COATING METALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said William Millington Morgan, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Millington Morgan, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention relates to the coating of sheets or plates of iron with tin or.
lead, or alloys of tin and lead, and to the coating of sheets or plates of such
other inetals as are or may be coated with tin or lead, or alloys of tin and
lead.

page_text: My improvements consist, firstly, in the use of fluxes consisting of chloride
of zinc, or chloride of zinc and chloride of potassium, which said fluxes are
employed on the surface of the bath of melted tin or lead or alloy of tin and
lend in the same way as the fluxes ordinarily used, and cause the tin or lead
or alloy of tin and lead to attach itself rapidly to the iron or other surface
being coated. I prefer to confine the said fluxes of chloride of zinc or chloride
of zinc and chloride of potassium in a flux box. at the side of the bath at
which the plates or sheets are made to enter, and I put the said fluxes on the
surface of the melted metal slowly in a state of solution, the said solution
being saturated or nearly saturated.
My improvements consist, secondly, in constructing and arranging the bath
and appliances for conducting the plates under treatment through the bath
and smoothing the surface of the plates in the following manner :-A largo
cylindrical drum turning on a horizontal axis is situated over the bath, the
lower half of the said drum dipping into the melted metal in the bath. Near
opposite edges of the bath, and on opposite sides of the drum, are two hori-
zontal shafts parallel with the drum shaft. Each of these shafts carries two
or more pulleys, an endless chain passing over each pulley on one shaft under-
neath the drum and over the opposite pulley on the other shaft. The said
chains form endless bands bearing against the under side of the drum. The
shafts carrying the pulleys are made to rotate, and the plates to be coated are
inserted between the chains and the drum, and are thereby carried underneath
the melted tin or lead, or alloy of tin and lead, and are coated and delivered
from the bath at the side of the bath opposite to that at which they were
introduced. On emerging from the bath the coated plates rise through tallow,
grease, or other fatty matter or flux on the melted metal and pass between two
polished cast steel, iron, copper, or other hard surfaces situated nearly in con-
tact, the space between them constituting a slit through which the plates pass,
and by the sides of which the surfaces of the plates are smoothed. The super-
fluous metal is thereby removed and a smooth surface given to the coated
plates. I prefer to make the polished surfaces between which the plates pass
of a convex figure, but I do not limit myself thereto. The said polished
surfaces are wholly or partially immersed in the tallow, grease, or flux on the
melted metal. The said polished surfaces between which the plates are drawn
may be employed with the ordinary dipping bath and grease pot used for
tinning or coating iron and other plates. In this case I employ a tin pot
divided at top by a plate which dips a few inches under the metal. That side
of the bath at which the plates are introduced is covered, by preference, with

page_text: a flux consisting of chloride of zinc, or chloride of zinc and chloride of potas-
sium, and the plates, having been immersed in the melted metal through the
said flux, are passed under the division and withdrawn at the other side of the
bath, which is covered with grease. The plates are then immersed in a grease
pot, from which they are drawn through the polished surfaces wholly or
partially immersed in the grease. A smooth surface is thereby given to the
coating on the plates. The polished surfaces through which the plates are
drawn are or may be tinned.
Having explained the general construction of the machinery for conducting
the plates through the bath, and the appliances for giving a smooth surface to
the coated plates, I will now proceed to describe their construction in detail
with reference to the accompanying Drawing, the said Drawing representing a
vertical section of the bath with the said conducting machinery and smoothing
appliances.
a is a large cylindrical metal drum turning on a horizontal shaft b. The
said drum a is situated over the bath c containing the melted metal with
which the plates or sheets are to be coated, the lower part of the said drum
dipping into the said melted metal. Near opposite edges of the bath c are
two horizontal parallel shafts, each shaft carrying two or more pulleys, one
only of which pulleys, marked d, is shown in the Drawing; and passing along
the middle of the bottom of the bath is a third horizontal shaft carrying two
or more pulleys, one only of which pulleys, marked e, is shown in the Drawing.
An endless chain f passes over each of the pulleys on one of the side shafts
over the pulley on the shaft, under the drum, and, finally, over the pulley on
the other side shaft, as represented in the Drawing. The endless chains f
form endless bands bearing against the under side of the drum a. At the
entrance side of the bath ca flux box g is situated, the said box containing
chloride of zinc or other flux, and at the exit side, of the said bath, and
extending nearly from end to end of the said bath, is a pair of hard and
polished surfaces h, h, for smoothing the coated plates and regulating the
quantity of metal on the plates.
The construction of the polished surfaces h, h, is herein-after fully explained.
The drum a and the shafts carrying the pulleys d, e, d, being made to rotate in
any convenient way, the sheets or plates to be coated (after being properly
cleaned) are passed through the flux box 9 and inserted between the endless
bands f and drum a, and are carried by the motion of the said endless bands
and drum underneath the melted metal in the bath c and delivered at the
opposite side of the bath and through the slit or space between the pair of

page_text: polished surfaces h, h. The exit side of the bath of melted metal is covered
with tallow, grease, or flux, into which tallow, grease, or flux the polished
surfaces h, h, partly dip. I prefer to place the polished surfaces h, h, so deep
in the tallow or flux on the bath that the coated plates or sheets shall not
have to pass through more than about an inch of tallow or flux after the said
plates or sheets have been smoothed or operated upon by the said polished
surfaces. By the coated plates or sheets passing between the polished sur-
faces h, h, the superfluous metal is removed and the surfaces evenly spread and
smoothed. I prefer to give the polished surfaces h, h, the convex figuro
represented. The said surfaces turn upon joints at i and are connected by
levers at top. Between the surfaces h, h, is a helical spring m which draws
the said surfaces together. By raising the lever or handle the surfaces h, h,
may be separated from each other. The arrangement represented of the
levers k, l, and spring m is applied at both ends of the bath, the surfaces h, h,
extending from end to end of the said bath. Instead of making the surfaces
h, h, of the form represented, other forms may be given to them. I prefer,
however, the form of the said surfaces represented in the Drawing. I use tho
polished surfaces h, h, or similar surfaces, with the divided bath or with the
grease pot herein-before described, or in conjunction with any bath employed
in coating metals. :
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not
limit myself to the precise details herein described and represented, as the
same may be varied without departing from the nature of my Invention; but
I claim as my Invention,―
Firstly, the use of fluxes consisting of chloride of zinc or chloride of zinc
and chloride of potassium on the surfaces of baths employed for coating
sheets or plates of iron and other metals with tin or lead or alloys of tin
and lead.
Secondly, the general arrangement or combination of the parts of the
machinery herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing for conducting the plates or sheets to be coated through the bath of
melted metal.
Thirdly, applying to baths used for coating sheets or plates of iron or other
metal with tin or lead or alloys of tin and lead at that side of the said baths
from which the coated sheets or plates are withdrawn, two polished cast steel,
iron, copper, or other hard surfaces made to press upon the opposite sides of.
the coated plates or sheets for the purpose of equalizing the quantity of metal.

page_text: on the coated plates or sheets and smoothing the surfaces of the said coated
plates or sheets, as herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Millington Morgan, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of September, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
WILLIAM MILLINGTON MORGAN. (L.S.)
Witness,
JAMES CHAMBERS,
Kidderminster.