Improvements in Electric Relays.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Oct., 1899-Accepted, 17th Feb., 1900
[Communicated from abroad by WILLIAM GOODIN NIXON, of Braintree, Norfolk
County, Massachusetts, United States of America ]
Improvements in Electric Relays.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
ats
This invention has for its object the production of a new automatic relay, and
consists in the novel features of construction and relativo arrangement of
part
hereinafter fully described in the specification clearly illustrated in the drawings,
and particularly pointed out in the claims.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying sheet of drawing, forming a part
of this specification, in which like characters indicate like parts wherever they
оссия.
Figure 1 represents a diagrammatic view of a relay constructed in accordance
with my invention.
Figs 2 and 3 represent modifications thereof.
Referring to the diaw.ngs, in the embodiment of my invention therein shown
and selected by me for the purpose of illustrating my invention, a represents
an induction coil of any preferred construction, consisting of a spool a¹ upon
which are arranged in inductive relation a primary winding a³, a secondary
winding a³ the former connected to the main circuit a in any preferred way f
represents a local circuit, hh¹ represent two permanent magnets, here shown as
arianged in a circular form, with their poles or ends slightly spaced. *³ repie-
sent a matures pivoted to any desued object, and arranged to vibrate between
the poles of the magnets h, h. The winding a is connected with the winding
of the armature h³, while the winding a 18 connected in like manner with the
winding of the armature h³, so that the armature h³ 18 operated by the primary
circuit, while the armature h³ 18 operated by the secondary circuit of the induc-
tion coil. 1, s¹ and ns represent respectively the poles of the magnets h¹h rrl
represent two contacts connected by a wire or conductor. tt represent two con-
tacts connected by a wire 63 The ends of the ai matures are adapted to
vibrate between the contacts rt, rt, in order to close the local circuit In the
form shown in Figure 1, the armature must be in contact with r whenever the
armature closes the circuit by contact with r, and conversely, the armature h³
must be in contact with whenever the armature closes the local circuit
through t.
a represents a key arranged to open and close the primary circuit, thereby
stopping and starting the primary current fl represents the sounder of the local
circuit, the battery thereof
The operation will be explained as follows-
The key as being closed, star ta the primary current, which magnetizes the arma-
ture s making the free end for example. A south vole The former is attreated

page_text: This
thereto by the north pole n¹ of the permanent magnet h¹, and the end ½³ of the
said armature makes contact with the point t The primary current passing
through the winding a³ of the coil a, induces a momentary curient in the secon-
dary winding a³; said secondary current passing around the armatme h³ mag-
netizes it, making the free end of said armature, for example, à north pole
armature will, therefore, be attracted by the south pole of the permanent mag-
net h, the end of the armature h making contact with the point In this
position of the parts, the local circuit is closed through the points t, t, and thus
the sounder is operated
If, now, the key be open, the primary current, stops flowing, inducing another
momentary current in the secondary winding a³ of the induction coil This
induced current will be in the opposite direction to that caused by the closing
of the primary circuit The said current passing around the armature 4 in the
opposite direction from the first current, now magnetizes the free end to a south
polarity, and the latter being repelled by the poles and attracted by the polen,
is drawn to the stop or contact r opening the local cucuit, the aimature h³ remain-
ing in contact with the stop leaving the circuit open at the point t It will
thus be seen that the armature his here operated each time that there is a reversal
in the direction of the induced current, which occurs each time that there is any
increase or decrease of the primary circuit The armature h³ is operated likewise
each time, and only when there is a change in the direction of the polarity of the
operating current in the primary winding. If this polarity remains constant there
will be only one movement of the armature h³, but if, for any reason, the polarity
of the operating current of the induction coil should be reversed, the aimature h³
would be operated, being thrown to one pole, or the other, as in the case of the
armature h. If the primary current be reversed, the end 5 of the armature h³
will become a north polarity, causing it to be repelled by the pole n¹, and attracted
by the south-pole, and its free end 5 made to contact with the point l
leaving the point t¹ open Now, had the closing of the kev a induced
a current in the winding in the same direction as the current that was
induced by the opening of the key just described, this current makes the end 76
of the armature a south pole, causing it to be repelled by the south poles of
the permanent magnet h, and attracted by the north pole n of said magnet, and its
free end made to contact with the stop r, the point t being open, thus closing
the local circuit through the points r, r. If the key now be onen, the polarity in
the secondary winding a will be changed again, as before, throwing the arma-
ture to the stop t, and opening the local circuit.
It will thus be seen that, as the functions of the contact points'r and t are
reversed by a reversal of the primary current, (in one instance the point being
the closing or "maiking" point, and the point r the open point, while in the other
instance the point t becoming the open, and the point the marking point,) it
makes no difference what the polarity of the primary current may be, the closing
of the key will close the local circuit, and the opening of the key will open the
local cucuit in the same manner as in the ordinary relay. But, as the induction
coil operates on great or small culents, or on any increase or decrease of the
primary current, the small induced currents polarizing the armature h and throw-
ing it from one side to the other, in the same manner as the greater currents, the
object of the invention is easily accomplished. It is understood that the arma-
tures h³, h³, are so arranged in regard to the poles of the magnets hh', that said
armatures remain on the side placed, after the manner of the ordinary polarized
relav It will thus be seen that the armature * operates to close the local cir-
cuit, while the armature h³ operates to prevent any reverse signals in the local
circuit, due to changes in the polarity of the operating current passing through
the relay
Heretofore all relays, operated in this manner, by induction coils, have been
connected for a particular polarity If this polarity, for any cause, is reversed,
then the opening of the primary current will close the local current, and vice versa;

page_text: whereas, by my invention, I am enabled to prevent this reversal of signals in the
secondary current, occasioned by the reversal of polarity of the operating curient
in the induction coils
Instead of the form shown in Figure 1, I may embody my invention in the
forms shown in Figs. 2 and 3
In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, I arrange the armature h³ to open and
close the circuit of the secondary winding, instead of the local circuit, as in
Figure 1 The armature is provided with two pairs of stops m, m³, m³, m³, adapted
to make contact with the stops m³, m³, and m³, m², to close the circuit of the secon-
dary winding of the coil. The stop m³ 18 connected to the stop m³, while the
stop m² is connected to the stop m
From this construction and arrangement it will be evident that the movement
of the armature h³ to one side or the other will change the path of the current
travelling through the secondary winding, and reverse the direction of said cur-
rent around the armature . That is to say, the contacts m, m³, being in engagement
with the stops in, me, the current will travel in one direction If, now, the armature
be moved so that the contacts m¹ m³ engage the contacts m³, m², the current
through the secondary winding a will be reversed, and consequently, if the
contacts are in the position first stated, and the polarity in the operating cui-
rent a² 18 changed, the armature h³ will be moved and its contacts made to engage
the stops m³, m7, the result being that the current is changed so that its direction
through the secondary winding a 18 the same as before, and the signals made by
opening and closing the key a³ will be correctly repeated by the sounder f¹, and
not reversed, as would be the case but for my invention In the form shown in
Figure 2, the primary armature h³ and its contacts serve to reverse the duection
of the current of the secondary winding of the induction coil and the secondary
armature coil. In the form shown in Figure 3, instead of arranging the arma-
ture h³ to open and close the local circuit, as in Figure 1, or the circuit of the
secondary winding, as in Figure 2, I arrange it to open and close the
circuit of the primary winding of the induction coil in such way
as to
prevent reverse signals, the armature h³ being provided with contacts,
and making contacts as in Figure 2, the only difference being that these con-
tact points are mounted in the primary winding of the induction coil, insteadl
of the secondary, the result being the same in all cases, that whenever the polarity
of the operating current of the relay is changed, the path of the current in one of
the circuits of the relay is changed in order to prevent reverse signals
Instead of the automatic primary armature, switches, or other like devices
may be emploved to perform the same functions, the object being in all cases,
as already stated, to prevent the reversals of the signals on the local circuit,
caused by the reversal of the primary current through the relay, due to change
of polarity
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated
to me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim 13
1. A relay embodying in its construction an induction coil, an armature, a coil
for said armature connected with and operated by the secondary cucuit of said
coil, an independent or local circuit including the armature, and means for pre-
venting reverse signals in the said independent cucuit due to changes of polarity
of the primary circuit, said means comprising contact points included in one of
said cncuits.
2 A relay embodying in its construction, an induction coil, an armature, a coil
for said armature connected with and operated by the secondary circuit of said
coil, an independent or local circuit including the armature, and means for auto-
matically preventing reverse signals in the said independent circuit, said means
comprising an armature operated by the primary circuit, and contact points,
included in one of said circuits.

page_text: 3 A relay embodying in its construction, an induction coil, an armature, coil
for said armature connected with and operated by the secondary circuit of said
coil, an independent or local circuit including the armature, "open" and "mark-
ing contact points connected with said armature, and means for reversing the
functions of said contact points, said means including a device operated by the
primary circuit of the induction coil
"
4 A relay, comprising in its construction, an induction coil, having windings
aanged in inductive relation, a circuit, an armature arranged to open and close
said cucuit and to be operated by a secondary winding of said coil, and means
for changing the path of the current of one of the cucuits to prevent a reveisal
of signals in the instrument
5 A ielay, comprising in its construction, an induction coil, having windings
arianged in inductive relation, a circuit, an armature arranged to open and close
said circuit and to be operated by a secondary winding of said coil, and means
for automatically changing the path of the current in one of the circuits to pre-
vent a reversal of signals in the instrument.
6. A relay, comprising in its construction, an induction coil, having windings
arranged in inductive relation, a circuit, an armature arranged to open and close
said cucuit and to be operated by a secondary winding of said coil, and a device
operated by the primary current for changing the path of the current in one of
the circuits to prevent a reversal of signals in the instrument
Dated this 31st day of October 1800
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, WC.,
Agents for the Applicant