IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING APPARATUS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leopold Salomons at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
November 1874.-A communication from abroad by Philippe
Augusto Membré, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
I, LEOPOLD SALOMONS, of Newgate Street, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WEAVING APPARATUS," a communication to me from abroad by
Philippe Auguste Membré, of Paris, in the Republic of France, to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to that description of weaving apparatus known
as the jacquard machine, in which endless chains of cards are employed.
for the purpose of regulating the order or rotation in which the heddles
or the warp threads are lifted according to the pattern or design to be
produced, and has for its object, —
First. Dispensing with the use of a high warp loom.

page_text: that it is required to vary the design or pattern, and dispensing with the
ordinary spring boxes.
"
In order to effect these objects the apparatus is arranged in the
following manner :-Two transverse shafts are employed, which are
supported in bearings at the upper end of the main framing of the
apparatus, and are disposed one at each side of such framing. On these
shafts there are formed or fitted a series of pulleys, two of which carried
one on each shaft are connected together by chains or cords attached to
them, so that whichever of the two shafts is in operation (as herein-after
explained) the other pulley and shaft will be caused to turn with it, whilst
another pair of pulleys, also carried one on each shaft, are connected by
means of chains or cords attached to them with an apparatus situate at the
lower part of the loom for imparting motion alternately to the two pulleys
and shafts in opposite directions. The remaining pulleys are connected by
chains or cords attached to and passing round them with a corresponding
series of vertical bars, which are coupled together in pairs by longitudinal
bars or blades which form the "lifters." Two sets of these "lifters are
employed, each set being composed of any desired number, and the chains
or cords corresponding to the two sets are attached to the pulleys in
opposite directions, so that when one set of "lifters" is ascending
the other set will be descending. The vertical bars are provided
with grooves or beads which engage with corresponding projections or
recesses, and form guides for the bars in their up-and-down motion. These
projections or recesses may be formed on or in either transverso or
vertical guide bars attached to the framing, and when the latter method
is adopted the upper end of the vertical guide bars may be provided with
springs to act against studs formed on or attached to the pulleys. Each
of the two coupled pulleys is provided with a cam groove or incline of
a pear or D shape or other suitable form within or around which works
à stud (by preference formed with an annular V. groove) carried on a
longitudinal metal frame and connected by a lever or connecting rod
with a bell-crank lever pivotting on the main framing, by which means the
to-and-fro motion of the vibrating frame which carries the revolving
card bar is obtained at the required periods. Or in lieu of the preceding
arrangement the studs may be carried by the pulleys and the cam
groove or incline formed on or in the longitudinal metal frame and a
similar result be obtained. The needles arc acted upon or pressed

page_text: which enters a notch formed in the end of its corresponding needle, and
they are secured inside a frame or chamber one behind the other, and by
preference in tiers corresponding to the number of rows of needles
adopted. The frame or chamber is composed of a number of blocks of
wood connected together by a removable bolt, so as to facilitate access
to the springs, and suitable vertical and longitudinal pins or rods
are employed for the purpose of limiting the range of motion of such
springs.
The reciprocating motion of the shafts is obtained by means of a
double pulley formed with grooves, by preference of a V form, such
pulley having attached to it two arms, which are mounted with tho
pulley on a pivotted or rocking shaft, and also being provided with two
chains or cords which pass over vertical pulleys turning around a shaft
fixed at the lower part of the loom, the said chains or cords being
attached to the chains or cords which actuate the pulleys of the transverse
shafts herein-before referred to. The swinging frame is fitted on its
contre so as to be capable of adjustment by means of nuts, and tho
rotatory motion of the card bar which is carried on the swinging frame
and provided with perforations or longitudinal slots is effected by means
of two sets of hooked levers or pawls, one or other of which is brought
into action according to the direction in which the card bar is required
to be turned. On the axis of the card bar there is fitted a toothed wheel
with which another toothed wheel carried on one end of a lever arni
is capable of gearing, the opposite end of such arm being supported so
as to admit of adjustment on a stud attached to the framing. This stud
also carries a pulley which is connected by cords with other pulleys
fitted on a longitudinal shaft, by acting upon which cords the lever arm
with its toothed wheel may be moved to or from and into or out of gear
with the toothed wheel on the card bar. This arrangement admits of a
uniform and equalized motion being obtained.
It is proposed to construct cards for jacquard apparatus of plates
of zinc or other suitable material perforated uniformly with two or any
other suitable number of rows or series of holes, and so arranged as to
admit of the holes at the portions which are required to be solid, or
present an obstruction, according to the design or pattern to be produced,
being temporarily covered, by which means when it is desired to change

page_text: the pattern or design the effect may be obtained by simply varying the
. position of the temporary covering without the necessity: for renewing
the cards.
According to one arrangement the endless chain is composed of a
number of links which are fitted together by removable hinge pins.
Each of these links consists of two hinged folding flaps, both of which
are uniformly and similarly perforated, whilst one of them is provided in
addition to its perforations with an equal number of small hinged covers
which are capable of being turned down over the perforations so as to
close the same, or turned back on their hinges leaving the perforations
clear and open. When the hinged covers have been adjusted over the
perforations which are required to be closed the flap is turned or folded
down over the other flap, and the two secured together in their flat
position by a hinge pin, by which means the hinged covers will be
maintained in their place, and these portions only of the plate which
are not required to act upon the needles will be clear and open for their
reception. Springs or other supporting means may however be applied
to the hinged covers, and one of the flaps in that case could be dispensed
with.
According to another modification spring sliding covers are employed
(by preference composed of copper and of a convex form). capable of
moving along transverse guideways, longitudinal rods being provided
beneath which such spring slides are brought when in their closed
-position in order to maintain them firm and secure.