Improvements in Apparatus or Appliances for use in Drying Sheets of Glue, Gelatine, and the like.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Aug., 1892-Accepted, 24th Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. .
Improvements in Apparatus or Appliances for use in Drying Sheets
of Glue, Gelatine, and the like.
A communication by FRANZ KRANSEDER and ANTON LENTSCH, both of Munich,
in the Kingdom of Bavaria and Empire of Germany, Inventors.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency of
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool and 6 Bank Street, Man-
chester, both in the County of Lancaster, and 323 High Holborn in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Drying apparatus or appliances for sheets of glue, gelatine plates, and the like,
more especially for photographic purposes, have hitherto been constructed by fixing
several drying trays horizontally in a chest, so that they could be shoved in, on
which the material to be dried may rest. Air is then blown or drawn through the
various trays.
The process of drying with this kind of apparatus was carried on in an extremely
slow and irregular manner, inasmuch as the plates of glue, gelatine or the like at
the front of the apparatus usually dried more quickly than the ones at the back,
which is easily explained by the circumstance that the air, while still at its
entrance, becomes saturated with moisture, and, therefore, on its further course, can
only absorb a little more. This objection is remedied in the present invention, and
an even and very rapid drying is produced.
According to this improved apparatus, the drying chest is fitted with adjustable
trays, and it has, in connection with it, a fan which is attached to the same by
means of a suitable collecting case. The trays are provided, at the top, with
longitudinal strips, on which the glass or other plates, coated with layers of gelatine
or the plates of gluc, etcetera, are laid. Then, in order to constantly accelerate the
speed of the air in the draught passages between the trays towards the end of the
chest, the top and bottom surfaces of the passages are made to converge to the fan,
in other words, the passages are narrowed.
This is best performed by thickening the cross section of the trays towards the
fan, so that their upper and lower surfaces diverge.
The speed of the air passing through to the fan is thereby increased, thus
exerting a very favourable influence on the duration of the drying process, as well
as on the whole operation. The drying of the material at the back and front
proceeds evenly and rapidly. The air, on its entrance, may absorb a considerable
amount of moisture and the speed increases on its further progress, whereby the
evaporation may take place to an equally favourable degree.
In front of the chest, on the opposite side to the fan, a damper is placed, which
allows one or more of the trays to be shut off as required.
In a modification, the undersides of the trays are provided with cross strips of
any suitable section. The depth of these strips increases towards the fan, so that
the air, passing through, meets with resistance from these strips and is thus
compelled to pass with more force over the glue, gelatine or other plates.
The action of this modified form of apparatus is similar to the one previously
described where the trays are increased in size in their cross section.
Dated this 27th day of November 1891.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION..
Improvements in Apparatus or Appliances for use in Drying Sheets
of Glue, Gelatine, and the like.
A communication by FRANZ KRANSEDER and ANTON LENTSCH, of No. 10,
Zweigstrasse, Munich, in the Kingdom of Bavaria and Empire of Germany,
Inventors.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool & Bank Street, Manchester,
both in the County of Lancaster, and 323 High Holborn in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Drying apparatus or appliances for sheets of glue, gelatine plates, and the like,
more especially for photographic purposes, have hitherto been constructed by
fixing several drying trays horizontally in a chest, so that they could be shoved in,
on which the material to be dried may rest. Air is then blown or drawn through
the various trays.
The process of drying with this kind of apparatus was carried on in an extremely
slow and irregular manner, inasmuch as the plates of glue, gelatine or the like at
the front of the apparatus usually dried more quickly than the ones at the back,
which is easily explained by the circumstance that the air, while still at its entrance,
becomes saturated with moisture, and, therefore, on its further course, can absorb
hardly any more. This objection is remedied in the present invention, and an even
and very rapid drying is produced.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings, Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section. of
this improved apparatus, in which, a is the drying chest fitted with adjustable
trays, and is a fan which is attached to the same by means of a suitable collecting
case. The trays & are provided, at the top, with longitudinal strips d on which the
plates e of gelatine or the plates of glue etcetera which are to be dried are laid.
Then, in order to constantly accelerate the speed of the air in the draught passages
between the trays towards the end of the chest, the top and bottom surfaces of the
passages are made to converge to the fan, in other words, the passages are
narrowed.
This is best performed by thickening the cross section of the trays towards the
fan, so that their upper and lower surfaces diverge in the manner shown in the
drawing.
The speed of the air passing through to the fan is thereby increased, thus
exerting a very favourable influence on the duration of the drying process, as well
as on the whole operation. The drying of the material at the back and front
proceeds evenly and rapidly. The air, on its entrance, may absorb a considerable
amount of moisture and its speed increases on its further progress, whereby an
equal amount of evaporation takes place throughout.
In front of the chest, on the opposite side to the fan, a damper s is placed, which
allows one or more of the trays to be shut off as required.
Figure 2 shows in longitudinal section a modification of the arrangement above
described, the fan and damper being omitted. In this case the undersides of the
trays are provided with cross strips g, as shown on the drawing, or of any other
suitable section. The depth of these strips increases towards the fan, so that
the air, passing through, meets with resistance from these strips and is thus
compelled to pass with more force over the glue, gelatine or other plates.
The action of this modified form of apparatus is similar to the one previously
described where the trays are increased in size in their cross section.
Instead of the solid trays, those made of wire netting, woven fabrics etc. may

page_text: also be employed. Cross-strips always increasing in depth may also be employed
alone on which the material to be dried is laid.
Figure 3 shows a further modification in the construction, the fan and damper
being omitted from the drawing.
In order to effect the drying more speedily and completely, in addition to
the narrowing of the diameter of the air passages, an arrangement is further
employed for forcing the current of air still more strongly against the layers of
material which are to be dried. For this purpose laths d, on which the plates e
lie, corresponding in width to these latter, that is to say in short pieces, are
continuously inserted at obtuse angles one against another in such a way that the
various tiers form wavy or zigzag lines which narrow towards the fan, and a straight
passage of the air through the apparatus is rendered impossible. The air
entering by the damper Hows against the first plate e and is deflected in the
direction shown by the arrows against the second plate, thence against a third,
lying for instance below, and so forth, following the direction of the arrows.
In order to expose the last tiers on both sides to an equally intense action
of the air, suitable angular projections n are arranged on the floor of the chest a.
If the gelatine or other layer be placed on plates, the plates must be inserted in
such a way that the surface which is to be dried may be encountered by the air in
the direction of the arrows.
In this case one plate of a row is placed with the drying surface upwards and
the next with the same downwards, and so forth. It is evident without further
explanation that in this manner the time required for drying is considerably
shortened.
The above described arrangements may of course be employed for drying all
kinds of plates, or even for hides, skins and the like. As in this case the drying
must take place on both sides, the closed trays are dispensed with and the separate
pieces inserted zigzag fashion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A drying apparatus or appliance for glue, gelatine or like plates, with super-
incumbent drying trays e, in which a uniform and effective drying of the plates is
effected by the air passages being narrowed towards the fan, by means of a gradual
thickening of the drying trays, or by the arrangement of cross strips g, the depth
of which increases towards the fan.
2. A drying apparatus or appliance for glue, gelatine or like plates in which the
plates are inserted in zigzag or wavy rows in order to cause the air to act more
effectively on the surfaces to be dried.
Dated this Twenty-second day of Auơust. 1899
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.