IMPROVE- MENTS IN PRINTING PRESSES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Philip Middleton Justice, of 14, Southampton Buildings,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PRINTING PRESSES." A communication from abroad by Joseph
Lannison Firm, of New Jersey, in the County of Hudson, and State of New
Jersey, and Alexander Sutherland, of the City, County, and State of New
York, both in the United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Philip Middleton Justice
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th April 1880.
Philip Middleton Justice, of 14, Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING PRESSES." A communication
from abroad by Joseph Lannison Firm, of New Jersey, in the County of Hudson,
and State of New Jersey, and Alexander Sutherland, of the City, County, and
State of New York, both in the United States of America.
This Invention relates to a combination of what are technically known as form
and impression cylinders, with their set off rollers or guides for transmitting the
webs to the different impression cylinders.
And to the means of removing the offsets from the last impression cylinders, as
also to the means of fastening the forms or plates to the form cylinders, all as
hereinafter more fully described. The Invention consists of a combination of four
impression and two form cylinders for printing on both sides two independent webs
of paper as they pass through the machine, with the means of removing the offset
from the rollers or guides that lead the web to and from the last impression cylinder,
and also for removing the offset from the last impression cylinder. One part of
this Invention relates to the arrangement in the form cylinder of a serrated cutter,
which with one knife cuts in grooves on both impression cylinders between which it
revolves, thus dispensing with separate cutting cylinders for each roll. A further part
of this Invention relates to the arrangement in the frame of the press of suitable
bearings, to receive the rods for placing adjustable bands for keeping the webs
distended in their lengths, this being essential when the webs have been wound
unevenly on their core or stock, or where the paper is "green" from the mill, as by
placing tension on the bands, all buckling or wrinkling of the webs fed to convex
CD 621
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page_text: surfaces is avoided, thus insuring a perfect printed sheet, and as the bands hold
the sheet against the impression cylinder the ordinary tapes may be dispensed
with.
A further part of this Invention relates to the combination with the impression
cylinder of a roller made of glue gelatine or its equivalents and molasses.
A further part of this Invention relates to a receiving cylinder or roller to receive
the ink that is taken from the impression cylinder and transferred to the receiving
cylinder or roller, which is kept clean by the wipers that may be moveable or
stationary in combination with a printing press or lithographic roller.
A further part of this Invention relates to a double ratchet movement employed
where two rollers are used. Said ratchets being worked by rods off the eccentrically
-placed.stud.of.a.revolving disc. During the back stroke of the rods, the ratchet
wheels are held stationary by means of stop dogs.
A further part of this Invention relates to the means employed for fastening the
plates to the impression cylinder by blocks made of iron or other suitable material,
of convex and concave shape, bevelled on their sides so as to engage with a V-shaped
holder which fits in a groove in the form cylinder, the blocks being held by a bolt
and set nut.
A further part of this Invention relates to a plate holding hook, having a right
and left hand thread at one end to engage with two nuts, so that when the plates
are secured to the blocks by one nut the other nut may be used for locking and
holding them firmly in their places.
The inking and delivery devices may be such as are now ordinarily employed
with-other presses of the rotary principle, and are not therefore described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Philip Middleton Justice in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th October 1880.
PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE, of 14, Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING PRESSES." A communication
from abroad by Joseph Lannison Firm, of New Jersey, in the County of Hudson,
and State of New Jersey, and Alexander Sutherland, of the City, County, and
State of New York, both in the United States of America.
This Invention relates to a combination of what are technically known as form
and impression cylinders with their set off rollers or guides for transmitting the
webs to the different impression cylinders. And to the means of removing the
offsets from the last impression cylinders, as also to the means of fastening
the forms or plates to the form cylinders, all as hereinafter more fully described.
To clearly show what constitutes this Invention and how the same may be practically
employed, reference is made to the accompanying Drawings which form part of

page_text: this Specification. In Fig. I is shown a combination of four impression cylinders
A, B, C, D, and two form cylinders E, F, arranged for printing on both sides of two
independent webs of paper as said papers pass through the machine, the operation
being as follows:-The roll or web of paper G is fed over roller 1 under adjustable
bands e and then between the impression cylinder A and form cylinder E where
one side will be printed. It then passes over carrying rollers 2, 3, 4, under the
second set of adjustable bands e¹ and between impression cylinder C and form
cylinder F where its second side is printed, and the sheet delivered over roller 10
after being cut by the serrated cutter "a" secured in the form cylinder F and
cutting in grooves in both impression cylinders C and D. The second roll or web H
is similarly treated, being fed under guide roller 5, adjustable bands e between
impression cylinder B and form cylinder E, under rollers 6, 7 and 8, and adjustable
bands between impression cylinder D and form cylinder F, where its second side
is printed, the sheet being cut by the serrated cutter a, and finally delivered over
roller 9. For the purpose of removing the superfluous ink from the freshly printed
sheet, the arrangement of rollers shown in Fig. 2 is deemed advantageous. The
guide roller 6 is set in adjustable bearings in the frame of the press, and against this
roller is placed the set off roller 11 which also revolves in contact with a receiving
roller 12, so that the ink transferred to the face of the roller G is taken up by the
set off roller 11 and receiving roller 12, the latter being kept clean by means of
stationary or revolving wipers as shown. In order to insure the transfer of the
ink, the receiving cylinder 12 is made or has an external coating of glue, gelatine,
or glycerine combined with a suitable proportion of molasses (treacle), honey, sugar,
or other saccharine matter, in order to obtain a certain amount of adhesion between
the surfaces of the two cylinders. The set off b and rollers 9 and 10 may be
supplied with a similar arrangement of rollers, and intermediate off sets may be
used between band roller 4, as also in conjunction with rollers 7 and 8 if deemed
necessary. In Fig. 3 are shown the serrated cutters a, a, a, before referred to, said
cutters being provided with guides and slots to ensure the blades being held in
proper position, as shown in Fig. 4, where they are represented as being secured to
the knife bar d; said bar is secured to or placed in a slot in the forin cylinder F, the
knives cutting in slots f, f, in impression cylinders C, D, as before described. Figs. 5
and 6 represent the bar 15 with the adjustable bands e, e, which keep the paper
distended and form a species of tension by which all buckling or wrinkling of the
paper fed to the impression cylinders is avoided without the use of tapes as now
generally employed. The bands e, e, are preferably made of steel strips about one
inch in width, and aro bent to the convex surface of the impression cylinder against
which they press, the pressure being regulated by the thumb-screws 14. The bar 15
is supported at either end in suitable bearings secured to or inade to form part of
the frame work of the press. Fig. 7 represents one impression cylinder D, suitably
arranged for printing the second side of a sheet or web of paper with set off rollers
16 and 17 which are supported by suitable adjustable bearings so that they may
be brought in contact, not only with the impression cylinder D, but also with the
receiving cylinder 12. When cylinder D makes a revolution in the direction
indicated by the arrow, tho set off roller 16 takes up the ink from said cylinder and
transfers it to the receiving cylinder 12 from which it is taken up by means of the
wipers 13, 13 and 18, 18. Should any ink be left on the impression cylinder after
passing set off roller 16, it is taken up by the set off roller 17 and transferred to
the receiving cylinder therefrom. Figs. 8 and 8 represent in enlarged views the
arrangement of parts employed to give the wipers 13 and 13 in Fig. 7 a rotary
axial motion in the same direction as that of the receiving cylinder, said motion
being equivalent to a reverse motion of the cylinders at their point of contact. This
end is accomplished by means of the revolving disc 19, and its eccentrically
connected crank levers 21, 21, which operate the wipers 13, 13, by means of the
; ratchet arrangement as shown, all back revolution of the wipers being prevented
by means of the pivotted rods 22, 22 on the bar 23. The disc 19 may be supported
and driven in auy convenient manner. Figs. 9 and 11 represent the plate holding

page_text: hook provided with right and left hand screw-threads for taking a check nut to
prevent the possibility of the plate, as shown in Fig. 9, moving. Fig. 10 represents
a plan of Fig. 9; Fig. 12 represents the V shaped block holder, provided with
a dovetail piece which will fit and alido in a corresponding groove in the form
cylinder, thus enabling the blocks to be moved laterally on the form cylinder
without being removed therefrom; Fig. 13 represents a plan of a form cylinder
with plates or blocks of various sizes secured thereto; Fig. 14 represents a inodi-
fication of the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, in which the set off roller 11 takes the
place of guide roller 6. Motion is imparted to the various cylinders, rollers, and
discs, as also to the feeding and delivery devices in the manner and by the means of
apparatus now well understood in the trade, and to this arrangement and to that of
-tho-ink-supplying devices, little reference and no claim is now made but what is
claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is
First. In a cylinder printing press, the combination of two form and four
impression cylinders, adapted to print on both sides two independent webs of paper,
with the arrangement of apparatus for removing the set off from the guide rollers,
as herein before described.
Second. The combination with two impression cylinders of a form cylinder,
fitted with a serrated cutter adapted to cut two independent webs of paper at
each revolution of the form cylinder, in the manner substantially as shown and
described.
Third. The rod 15 provided with curved adjustabic bands e, e, in combination
with the impression cylinder of a rotary printing press, in which the ordinary tapes
or-guides-are omitted, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Fourth. A receiving or set off roller made of glue and molasses or equivalent
materials in combination with the impression cylinder of a printing press.
Fifth. The combination with a second impression cylinder of set off rollers 16
and 17, receiving cylinder 12, and wipers, substantially as shown and described.
Sixth. The rotary wipers 13, 13, the motion of which is governed by means of
the ratchets, levers, and pivotted rods, all operated substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
Seventh. The combination with a form cylinder of the block and plate holding
devices as described, the latter being provided with right and left hand threads
which will engage with lock nuts, as and for the purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Philip Middleton Justice, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord
1880.
L
PHILIP M. JUSTICE. (L.S.)