similar Gases.
Year: 1889

page_text: .Date of Application, 11th Feb., 1889
Specification Accepted, 30th Mar., 1889
similar Gases.
I, THOMAS FLOOD, of 85 Chancery Lane, Ardwick, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what
nanner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:—
It consists in improvements in the construction, whereby, by a thorough admixture
of the benzoline (or other) vapour as it is given off by the henzoline (or other
liquid) with the atmospheric air a better light is obtained, and also any risk of
explosion or fire is almost entirely removed. I construct the lamp as follows:-
By means of two internal divisions I divide the lamp into three compartments, an
upper, a middle, and a lower compartment. The lower compartment is formed with
suitable apertures or punctures to admit atmospheric air, and is connected with the
upper compartment by means of an air tube which passes through the middle
compartment.
Surrounding this air tube is an outer casing or second tube formed with perfora-
tions or openings in such a manner as to allow the liquid benzoline, (or other fluid,)
with which the middle compartment is filled, to enter and be absorbed into a sponge
(or substance of a similar nature) which it contains. In the upper division are
apertures whereby the atmospheric air is allowed to pass into the sponge and thence
into the middle compartment and so mix with the benzoline vapour as it is gradually
evaporated. By this means a more complete admixture is obtained of the benzoline
(or other) vapour and atmospheric air than by any previous arrangement, resulting
in a much whiter and better light than has hitherto been obtainable. The lamp is
filled by means of a short tube which passes through the upper chamber and allows
the benzoline (or other fluid) to be poured directly into the middle compartment. The
burner is connected with the lamp by means of a wide tube, filled with asbestos fibre,
cotton wool, or other similar substance into which the liquid benzoline (or other
fluid) which is already largely mixed with atmospheric air, is absorbed through a small
aperture, and thence evaporated by the heat of the burner, which is connected by
means of a short empty tube (of brass or other rapidly heating metal) with the outer
end of the wide tube, and may be of any suitable shape.

page_text: Owing to the construction just described it is impossible for the benzoline (or other
fluid) to find its way out of the lamp in a liquid form, or by any other way than the
burner, thus almost entirely removing all risk from explosion or fire.
To prevent the evaporation of gas when the lamp is not in use, I provido a small
cap to fit over the burner, this cap is also useful for safely oxtinguishing the lamp.
In order that the foregoing may be better understood, I send herewith a shoot of
Drawings in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 is a section in elevation of a
lamp constructed with my improvements. In both Figs. a indicates the metal burner,
which may be of any other suitable form connected by the narrow metal tubo, b, and
the wide tube c with the body of the lamp d. In Fig. 2 e and findiente respectively
the upper and lower divisions which are connected by the airtube which passes
through the middle or benzoline chamber and connects the lower air chamber k
with the upper air chamber 1.
с
Surrounding the air tube g is the larger tube m having suitable perforations or
openings which is filled with spongo and to which air is admitted from the upper
chamberk by the small perforations m². The middle chamber is filled with benzoline
or other fluid by means of the opening o. p indicates the cap beforementioned for
preventing ovaporation.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The improved construction of lamp, substantially as described and shown
hereinbefore, and in the accompanying drawings, for the purpose set forth.
2nd. The internal division of a lamp, into two or more compartments, connected hy
air or other tubes, substantially as described and shown hereinbefore and in the
accompanying drawings, for the purpose set forth.
3rd. A cap or covering for the burner of lamps, to prevent the evaporation of
liquids or gases contained in the same, substantially as described and shown
hereinbefore, and in the accompanying drawings, for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 5th day of February 1889.
JOHN HENRY TOPHAM,
46A, Market Street, Manchester,
Agent to Applicant.