IMPROVEMENTS IN CHARGING VESSELS OR RECEIVERS WITH CONDENSED OR LIQUEFIED GAS, IN LIBERATING THE SAME THEREFROM, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Adams at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th September
1875.
I, JOHN ADAMS, of Hamilton, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHARGING VESSELS OR RECEIVERS WITH CONDENSED OR
LIQUEFIED GAS, IN LIBERATING THE SAME THEREFROM, AND IN THE MEANS OR
APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR,” to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to improvements in charging vessels or
receivers with condensed or liquefied gas, and in liberating the same
therefrom.
The apparatus by which the charging and liberation is effected
consists of vessels or receivers, which may be of various sizes, the larger
ones being contracted towards either end, while the smaller ones may
be of equal diameter throughout. Into each end of the vessels or
receivers a hollow plug or stopper is fixed which tapers outwardly, and
may be either soldered, brazed, or otherwise fixed into the receiver, this
being facilitated by the opening which receives the plug being counter-
sunk or expanding outwardly. One of the plugs has a small hole at its

page_text: centre expanding inwardly, so as to receive a ball valve formed of lead
or other heavy substance covered with indian-rubber. The core of metal
gives the valve the necessary weight and rigidity, while the indian-
rubber insures accuracy of fit. The valve acts by allowing gas or liquid
to pass into the receiver, but prevents any return thereof. The plug or
stopper at the other end of the receiver also has a hole passing through
it, into which is fitted a thin metallic cap or hollow cylindor,-the-inner-
end-of-which is closed, and a rim or flange formed round the outer end
prevents it passing too far into the receiver. The cap is made long
cnough to project a little way beyond the hole which it fills, into the
larger cavity of the plug, so that none of the solder with which it is
fixed shall lie upon the end of the cap, but will run or melt down
between it and the plug. A diaphragm of sheet iron placed in the
middle of the small. receivers prevents the valve falling down and being
destroyed by the heated cap or hollow cylinder when being soldered. A
perforated tube fixed in the plug serves the same purpose in the larger
receivers.
When it is desired to extract the gas from the receiver the plug
containing the cap is pressed into a socket by means of a screw or
spring. Through the centre of the socket a stillette works, which when
driven down passes through the cap, allowing the gas to escape into a
passage communicating with a stop-cock, from which the gas may be
drawn at pleasure.
When carbonic dioxide is used to extinguish fire a small pin may be
driven through the cap, and the receiver pitched into the burning com-
partment.
When used for making aerated water a stillette or pin "liberator"
constructed according to either of the forms described may be adopted.
"Liberators" after any of these forms also serve for receivers con-
taining chlorine, which are or may be used for bleaching and disinfecting.
purposes; for holding-nitrous-oxide-for-producing anasthesia in dental
surgery, and for others containing such gases as sulphurous acid,
sulphurctted hydrogen, cyanogen, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, ethylene,
and other condensible gases.