An Improved Drilling and Sowing Machine.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Drilling and Sowing Machine.
I OTTO VON LIVONIUS of 2 Sonneustrasse Goerlitz Province of Silesia German
Empire Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved drill plough and sowing machine the
essential feature of which is a seed distributor or separator provided with holes
of different size and set in motion by means of toothed segments racks and inclined
planes.
There are moreover brushes provided which have for their object to feed to the
land a variable number of seeds or grains of different kinds or nature there being
also drill tubes provided which when placed vertically or slantly either drill
or sow.
Figures 1 to 8 of the accompanying drawings illustrate a drilling and sowing
machine constructed according to this invention.
In these figures Figure 1 is a cross section of the seed box and Figure 2 a plan
of the whole machine. Figures 3 to 8 showing details of the sowing mechanism.
a a are sowing discs which are arranged to turn upon the bottom of the sowing
box 6 (Figures 1 and 2).
The bolts of these discs pass through the bottom of the sowing box and are
furnished at their end with a toothed segment e gearing with the teeth of a rack d
provided at one end with a roller d¹ and displaced to and fro by the inclined
plane fixed to the wheels of the sowing machine and actuated thereby.
In this manner the sowing discs a are turned to and fro a certain angle in such
a manner that when in operation one of the two holes e of the sowing discs
coincides with the holes f formed at the botton of the sowing box.
Perpendicularly to the holes f of the said sowing box there are brushes
(Figure 3) which are fixed to a common rail j. As the sowing discs turn one
of the boles e comes alternately under the brushes 9 and is filed with seeds
and delivers its charge as it is turned further onward through the holes f of
the sowing box.
The object of the brushes is to accurately sweep off the grain and to prevent
more grains to be sown than can find place in the holes and so regulate the amount
of seed sown.
The sowing mechanism is shown in different positions in Figures 4 to 6.
The sowing discs a are advantageously furnished with 8 holes e two of which are
only operated at the same time. The pairs of sowing holes have various sizes in the
Sowing box.
The sowing discs are divided in four parts each of which has a different thickness
being thinner where the smallest holes é are.
This arrangement has for its purpose to enable the same sowing machine to
sow different sorts of seed as also to feed to the land a different number of
grains from the same kind of seed. For this purpose the sowing discs need only
receive a quarter of a revolution apon their bolts large or small holes coming
thus into operation.
From the holes the seed falls through the sowing tubes i (Figures 1, 7 and 8)
upon the land.
These small sowing tubes are fixed to a movable rail k so that according as they
are placed in a vertical or inclined position a drilling or sowing takes place.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
A combined drilling and sowing machine having sowing discs a furnished with
different large holes set in motion by toothed segments racks and inclined planes
and feeding the land with a variable number of seeds regulated by a brush a drilling
or sowing action taking place according as the small sowing tubes i are placed in a
vertical or inclined position substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto annexed.
Dated the 30th day of September 1891.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Patentee.