improvements in Double Acting Air Pumps for the Exhausting of Foul Air from or Forcing Fresh into Ships; Collieries; and Buildings.
Year: 1885

page_text: improvements in Double Acting Air Pumps for the Exhausting
of Foul Air from or Forcing Fresh into Ships; Collieries;
and Buildings.
Ì CHARLES BARKER, of 37, Gracechurch Street in the City of London, Surveyor,
do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN DOUBLE;
ACTING AIR PUMPS, FOR THE EXHAUSTING OF FOUL AIR FROM, OR FORCING FRESH
INTO, SHIPS, COLLIERIES & BUILDINGS to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of an enclosed air tight chamber which I call the cylinder;
in which works a hollow piston in form like a Gasholder, the cylinder is partly
filled with water, and the piston which is actuated by a piston rod (passing through
the top or bottom of the cylinder or both) draws the air into the Cylinder and
hollow piston and forces it out again as it rises and falls. The Piston rod is fitted
with a suitable Gland or Glands which may also act as guides to the piston, or it
may be arranged for the piston to work in guides fitted inside the Cylinder, there
being any convenient space left between the piston and the cylinder for that
purpose. Connection to the inside of the Cylinder and piston is made by separate
and distinct inlet and outlet pipes, fitted with valves in the ordinary manner, which
pipes connect the workings, apartments, or other confined spaces, which it is desired
to exhaust the air from or force it to with the pumps, the inlet and outlet pipes to
the inside of the piston will pass up through the water exactly as do the inlet and
outlet pipes to an ordinary Gasholder, and are made so much above the water in
the cylinder as to allow for the varying level of the water consequent upon the
alternating vacuum and pressure. The action of the pump is as follows, the piston
being at the bottom of the stroke, upon the piston being raised all the air which is
in the Cylinder is forced out through its outlet pipe and the inside of the piston
draws in the air through its inlet pipe, upon the piston being lowered it draws the
air through the inlet pipe to the cylinder and again fills the Cylinder, and the air
inside the piston is forced out through its outlet pipe.

page_text: Improvements in Double Acting Air Pumps for the Exhausting
-
of Foul Air from or Forcing Fresh into Ships, Collieries,
and Buildings..
I, CHARLES BARKER Surveyor, of 37, Gracechurch Street in the City of London
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN DOUBLE
ACTING AIR PUMPS, FOR THE EXHAUSTING OF FOUL AIR FROM OR FORCING FRESH
INTO SHIPS, COLLIERIES AND BUILDINGS, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The Machine or Pump consists of an enclosed Cylinder and a hollow piston (in
form like a Gasholder) working in water inside the Cylinder, and the necessary
inlet and outlet valves and other mechanical arrangements for imparting motion to
the piston.
The Cylinder which is partly filled with water is fitted with a hollow piston
which when at the bottom of the stroke is nearly wholly immersed in the water
and with valves so arranged as to allow of suction and discharge to the Cylinder
and the inside of the piston.
Upon an upward motion being given to the piston by any ordinary mechanical
arrangement it rises into the air space above the water in the enclosed cylinder and
forces the air contained in such space out, and at the same time creates a partial
vacuum inside the hollow piston and so draws the air into the inside of the piston
and upon its downward stroke it creates a partial vacuum in the Cylinder above
the water level, and so draws the air into the Cylinder and at the same time forces
the air out of the inside of the hollow piston.
The Cylinder and the hollow piston are connected with the spaces from which it
is desired to draw the air from or force it to, by means of pipes in the ordinary
manner, separate inlet and outlet valves are fitted both to the air space in the
Cylinder, and also to the inside of the hollow piston, these valves may be so
arranged that only one connecting pipe would be necessary for the air space in the
Cylinder and one for the inside of the hollow piston although in the accompanying
drawing they are shown quite distinct for the sake of simplicity.
Guides to the piston are fitted in any suitable manner either on top of the
Cylinder as shown in the accompanying drawing, or by making the piston rod
longer so as to pass through another gland at the bottom of the Cylinder, or they
may be fitted on the inside of the Cylinder.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The drawing shows a sectional elevation of the machine with the piston half way
on its up stroke. A. A. is the enclosed cylinder B. B. the hollow piston, C. C. the
air space in the Cylinder above the Water line. D the inside of the hollow piston,
E. E. the water space in the Cylinder. F. the Guides for the piston. G. the inlet
valve and suction pipe to the inside of the hollow piston. H the outlet valve and

page_text: delivery pipe from the inside of the hollow piston J. the inlet valve and suction
pipe to the air space in the Cylinder. K. the outlet valve and delivery pipe from
the air space in the Cylinder. M. the lever for giving motion to the hollow piston.
The operation of the pump is as follows, the piston upon its upward stroke forces
the air out of the space C. C., through the outlet valve and delivery pipe K. and
draws the air into the space D. through the inlet valves and suction pipe G., and
upon its downward stroke draws the air through the inlet valve and suction pipe J
into the spaco C. C. and forces the air out of the space D. through the outlet valve
and delivery pipe H.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The combination of a hollow piston in form like a Gasholder working in an
enclosed cylinder in water or other liquid, so as to form a double acting air pump
substantially as herein described and illustrated by the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 14th day of Ontahan 1005