IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING, LOWERING, AND HAULING WEIGHTS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Fowler, the younger, Robert Burton, and
David Greig, all of Leeds, in the County of York, Mechanical Engineers,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING, LOWERING,
AND HAULING WEIGHTS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Fowler, Robert
Burton and David Greig, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 24th November 1860.
We, JOHN FOWLER, the younger, ROBERT BURTON, and DAVID GREIG, all of
Leeds, in the County of York, Mechanical Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING, LOWERING,
AND HAULING WEIGHTS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for raising,
lowering, and hauling weights. In the Specification of a Patent granted to.
Messrs. Fowler, Burton, Greig, and Head, dated 24th January 1859 (No. 216),'
an apparatus is described to be employed for drawing agricultural implements
to and fro over land, the said apparatus consisting of a drum placed horizontally
and mounted on a vertical axis. It is so constructed that a rope taken only partly
around it and drawn tight becomes firmly held by the drum, so that if the
drum is put in motion, the rope and anything which may be attached to it will
be drawn forward. In order that the drum may thus hold the rope, the latter
as it passes on to the drum is caused to rest on levers or moving instruments

page_text: carried by the drum, which yields somewhat to the pressure of the rope towards
the centre of the drum, and by thus moving acts with other levers or parts,
either stationary or otherwise, to nip the rope.
Now, part of our present Invention consists in adapting such drums to be
used for raising and lowering weights by mounting them vertically, that is!
to say, on horizontal axes. When thus mounted, they are very convenient
for raising and lowering weights in the shafts of mines, the drum being
in this case mounted. by preference directly over the shaft of the mine,
It is also very usefully applied to paying out and recovering telegraphic cables,
the drum being then by preference so arranged that the cable may pass
direct from the drum to the sea, or vice versa, no pulley or sheave being
interposed.
There is also described in the Specification of the Patent above referred to
a drum round which the rope takes several turns; the drum having screws.
mounted round its periphery, the same serving to traverse the coils along the
drum, so that the rope may always pass on to and from the drum at the same
points; this drum also is described as mounted horizontally or on a vertical
axis for drawing agricultural implements to and fro. A drum thus constructed
is. when mounted vertically or on a horizontal axis, very conveniently employed
in raising and lowering weights.
In constructing drums with nipping parts, as above mentioned, we so con-
struct them that. the distance between the centre of the nipping parts can be
varied; by preference, we make their upper and lower flanges separate, the one
from the other, and connect them by screw bolts passing from one to the other,
this arrangement allows of the nipping parts being set at a greater or less
distance apart according to the size of rope with which the drum has to work.
This construction is applicable for hauling as well as for raising and lowering
eichte
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed by
the said John Fowler, Robert Burton, and David Greig in the Great 3
Seal Patent Office on the 24th May 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN:
FOWLER, the younger, ROBERT. BURTON, and DAVID GREIG, all of Leeds, in the
County of York, Mechanical Engineers, send greeting...
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty. Queen Victoria, by Her Letters 3
Patent,, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of November, in the year of our

page_text: Lord. One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, 'the
said John Fowler, Robert Burton, and David Greig, Her special licence that
we, the said John Fowler, Robert Burton, and David Greig, our executors,-
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Fowler,' Robert
Burton, and David Greig, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should'
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,.
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING, LOWERING, AND HAULING WEIGHTS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Fowler, Robert
Burton, and David Greig, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in'
writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one
of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the<
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months:
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Fowler, Robert Burton, and David'
Greig, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and' ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for raising,,
lowering, and hauling weights. In the Specification of a Patent granted.to.
Messrs. Fowler, Burton, Grieg, and Head, dated 24th January 1859 (No: 216);
an apparatus is described to be employed for drawing agricultural implements
to and fro over land; the said apparatus consisting of a drum placed
horizontally and mounted on a vertical axis; it is so constructed that a rope
taken only partly around it and drawn tight becomes firmly held by the drum
that if the drum is put in motion the rope and anything which may be
attached to it will be drawn forward. In order that the drum may thus
hold the rope, the latter as it passes on to the drum is caused to rest on levers
or moving instruments carried by the drum, which yield somewhat to the
pressure of the rope towards the centre of the drum, and by thus moving act
with other levers or parts, either stationary or otherwise, to nip the rope.
Sọ
Now, part of our present Invention consists in adapting such drums to be'
used for raising and lowering. weights by mounting them vertically, that is to
say, on horizontal axes. When thus mounted, they are very convenient for

page_text: raising and lowering weights in the shafts of mines, the drum being in this
case mounted by preference directly over the shaft of the mine.
Figure 1 is an elevation of the apparatus as we prefer to arrange it for
raising and lowering weights in the shafts of mines. a, a, is a timber framing
erected over the shaft; b and c are two pullies carried by an axis mounted on
the frame; d is a wire rope, the ends of which pass over the pullies b and c,
and descend the shaft; the cages for receiving the waggons are attached to
the two ends of this rope; e is the nipping drum, the rope d passes partly.
around it, and the axis of this drum is carried by bearings f on a suitable frame.
or bed. Figure 2 is an end view, partly in section, and Figure 3 a side view
of the nipping drum. At the ends of the axis of the drum are cranks g, 9,
and these are coupled by connecting rods with the piston rods of pistons work-
ing in steam cylinders h. The construction of the drum e is clearly shown at
Figure 4, which is a section taken through the flange of the same; the red
lines in this Figure and also in Figure 2 indicate a spur flange cast. on the
drum. This flange is employed when it is desired to give motion to the drum
from an intermediate axis driven by steam, water, or other power; in this case
a pinion on the intermediate axis is made to gear with the spur flange. e¹, e¹, are
the nipping jaws which turns on axes e³, e, carried in the manner shown.
The drum may be furnished with a brake flange, in order to stop and hold it
when required, or the rope and apparatus may be otherwise brought to rest; as
may be considered most desirable. Figure 5 is a side elevation showing a
method of applying a nipping drum to mines, in which the mineral is raised by
a counter balance weight of water. a is the drum mounted on an axis carried
in bearings on the beams 6; over this the rope c passes, and it is attached at
its ends to the cages d, d. e, e are spouts for running water into the cisterns
attached to the cages to make either of them descend when required; fis.a
brake which may be applied by hand or may be made self-acting, as desired!
Figure 6 is a side elevation, and Figure 7 is a plan of an arrangement of
apparatus for hauling, trucks along a railway. a is a nipping drum driven by
a steam engine, and similar in all respects to the engine and drum shown at
Figure 1; 6 is an endless wire rope, passing partly round the drum a, and also
partly round the plain pulley cat a distance; d, d, are trucks attached to the
rope. Figure 8 is a side view, and Figure 9. a plan, of an arrangement of
apparatus for transmitting power to a distance; a is a nipping drum mounted
on a horizontal axis, and driven by the power; 6 is an endless wire rope
passing around this, and also around another corresponding nipping drum cat
a distance; d, d, are pulleys to support the rope b, from distance to distance;
b

page_text: these pulleys are made capable of being set up or down to keep the rope b
sufficiently taut; e is an axis on which the pinion f is keyed; this pinion gears
with the spur wheel g, fixed to or formed on the nipping drum c. By this
means the drum a, when driven, transmits motion to the axis e, and from this
by means of pulleys h, and driving belts, machinery of any description may be
actuated. A nipping drum is also very usefully applied to paying out and
recovering telegraphic cables, the drum being then by preference so arranged
that the cable may pass direct from the drum to the sea, or vice versâ, no
pulley or sheave being interposed..
.;
Figure 10 is a side view, and Figure 11 a plan, of an arrangement for this
purpose. a is the cable passing round the guide pulleys 6 and c to the nipping
drum d, the axis of which is carried in bearings e, e, bolted to the angle
irons f, f; these angle irons are connected together into a frame by the cross
bolts g, g, and they are each carried by small wheels h; h, which run on the
frame i, i, bolted to the deck; j, j, are brake drums fixed on the axis of the
nipping drum, and k, k, are, brake straps which can be tightened around
the drums, as required, by means of screws worked by hand, or the arrangement
for putting on the brakes may, be, made self-acting, as is well understood, if
preferred. The brake drums work in water troughs 1, 1, suspended from the
cross bolts g, g, m, m, are connecting rods connecting the angle irons f,f,
with the arms n, n, keyed on the axis o; p. is another arm fixed on the same
axis, and there is a weight suspended from the end thereof; the amount of this
weight is regulated as required, and it tends to draw the nipping drum and
the parts connected therewith to the forward end of the frame i, which supports
the drum; the strain on the cable a tends, on the contrary, to draw the nipping
drum towards the contrary end of the frame i, and these forces are made as
nearly as possible to balance each other, and keep the nipping drum in the
middle of its course. It will be remarked the arm p is fixed in such a posi-
tion on the axis o, that the weight at the end of it acts with continually
increasing force as the drum is drawn further and further away by the strain
on the cable, a; the dotted lines in the Figures 10 and 11 show a method in
which the cable may conveniently be passed round the drum when it is not
considered essential that the cable should pass from the nipping drum directly
over the stern of the ship. into the sea..
There is also described in the Specification of the Patent above referred to
a winding drum, round which the rope takes several turns, the drum having
screws mounted round its. periphery, the same serving to traverse the coils
along the drum so that the rope-may always pass on to and from the drum at

page_text: the same points; this drum also is described as mounted horizontally or on a
vertical axis, for drawing agricultural implements to and fro. A drum thus
constructed is, when mounted vertically or on a horizontal axis, very con-
veniently employed in raising and lowering weights. Figure 12 is a front
view, and Figure 13 a transverse section, of a drum of this description. a is a
horizontal axis mounted in suitable bearings b; c is the frame of the drum
fixed on the axis a; at the periphery of the drum a series of screws d are
mounted on axes d¹ carried by the frame of the drum, and on each of these axes
a pinion e is fixed, and these pinions all gear with the spur wheel f, which is
mounted on the axis a, so that it can revolve freely thereon. The rope passes
several times around the drum, and lays in the threads of the screws d; on
the axis of one of the screws a four-toothed pinion g is fixed, and there is
another similar pinion h, fixed to one of the bearings of the axis; round these
two pinions a pitch chain passes, and from this it results that as the drum is
caused to rotate each of the screws & will turn once round in each rotation of the
drum, and this motion of the screws will carry the coils of the rope along the
face of the drum, and prevent it surging; the rope always passing on to and
from the drum at the same points. A drum of this description may be sub-
stituted for the nipping. drum in either of the arrangements above described.
In constructing drums with nipping parts, as above mentioned, we according
to our Invention so construct thein that the distance between the centres of
the nipping parts can be varied, by preference we make their upper and lower
flanges separate, the one from the other, and connect them by screw bolts
passing from one to the other; this arrangement allows of the nipping
parts being set at a greater or less distance apart, according to the size of rope
with which the drum has to work. This construction is applicable for bauling
as well as for raising and lowering weights. Figure 14 is a vertical section of
a drum so constructed, and Figure 15 is a portion of the same shown on a
larger scale. a is a boss of metal, cast on to the two sets of wrought iron
spokes b, b, and c, c. On to these spokes two separate flanges are cast; the
flange d on to the set b, and the flange on to the set c; through bosses cast
in the flanges, the screw bolts f, f, pass; these are arranged at short distances
apart all around the periphery of the drum, the bolts passing in the intervals
between the spokes; f¹ are nuts on the bolts, which serve, when screwed up,
to draw the flanges together, or when slacked to allow them to separate;
ff are locking nuts, to adjust accurately the distance between the flanges
to that which is required; the flanges carry the nipping jaws g, which are
mounted as before shown; there being lugs formed at distances apart all

page_text: around the two flanges, and these are grooved to receive the axes h, h, of the
jaws; the axes being retained in the grooves by covering pieces i, i, each
of which is drawn down on to the ends of two adjacent axes by a small
bolt j.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Fowler, Robert Burton, and David
Greig, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-second day
of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
cixty one
JOHN FOWLER, JUN'. (L.S.)
ROBERT BURTON.
DAVID GREIG.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)