A CER- TAINE INVENTION, WAY, AND METHOD OF SMELTING OR MELTING DOWN IRON OAR OR IRON STONE INTO PIG IRON OR SOW IRON, WITH THE HELP OF FEWEL DIFFERENT FROM WHAT HAS BEFORE BEEN PREPARED OR USED, WHEREIN THERE WILL NOT BE OCCASION TO USE FOR THAT PURPOSE ONE TENTH PART OF TIMBER, WOOD, OR COAL THAT HATH HITHERTO BEEN USED BY OTHERS FOR MELTING OR SMELTING DOWN ANY QUANTITY OF IRON OAR OR IRON STONE, AND THE APPLYING THE SAME METHOD TO REFINE AND DRAW SUCH PIG IRON AND SOW IRON THEREBY INTO BARRS FITT FOR ALL THE USEFULL AND DEVICEABLE PURPOSES OF THE BEST IRON
Year: 1727

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOME THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
FALLOWFIELD, of Leek, in the County of Stafford, Gent., send greeting.
WHEREAS our Sovereigne Lord George, by the grace of God of Great
Britaine, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, &c., hath been
gratiously pleased, by His Letters Patents under the Great Seal of Great
Britaine, bearing date at Westminster, the Nineth day of February, in the
thirteenth year of His reign, to grant unto me, the said William Fallowfield,
my executors, adñors, and assignes, the sole use and benefitt of "A CER-
TAINE INVENTION, WAY, AND METHOD OF SMELTING OR MELTING DOWN IRON OAR
OR IRON STONE INTO PIG IRON OR SOW IRON, WITH THE HELP OF FEWEL DIFFERENT
FROM WHAT HAS BEFORE BEEN PREPARED OR USED, WHEREIN THERE WILL NOT BE
OCCASION TO USE FOR THAT PURPOSE ONE TENTH PART OF TIMBER, WOOD, OR COAL
THAT HATH HITHERTO BEEN USED BY OTHERS FOR MELTING OR SMELTING DOWN ANY
QUANTITY OF IRON OAR OR IRON STONE, AND THE APPLYING THE SAME METHOD TO
REFINE AND DRAW SUCH PIG IRON AND SOW IRON THEREBY INTO BARRS FITT FOR ALL
THE USEFULL AND DEVICEABLE PURPOSES OF THE BEST IRON;" to hold and exercise
the same within that part of the Kingdom of Great Britaine called England,
the Dominion of Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, for and
during the terme of fourteen years, according to the Statute in such case made
and provided, as in and by the said recited Letters Patents, relation being
thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear. And whereas, in and by a
clause in the said recited Letters Patents, it is directed and provided that I, the
sd William Fallowfield shall, by writing under my hand and seale, to be inrolled
in the High Court of Chancery within three kalendar months from the date

page_text: of the said recited Letters Patents to which the Patent may referr, to make
the grant therein certaine, ascertaine and describe wherein the nature and
materialls of my said Invention consist.
NOW KNOW YEE, that I, the said William Fallowfield, in obedience to
His Majestie's said Letters Patents for ascertaining my said Invention, and
describing the nature thereof, the materialls therein used, and the manner of
preparing the same, doe hereby declare that my way and method is this:-
I dig or cut peat or turf, of proper earth or soyle, in a proper forme, but
that which I beleive best, or equall to the best, is that of eight inches long and
five inches square, and then dry the same in the sun, and by the wind if the
season will permitt; or, which is much better, in kilns of severall sorts, but
none better than such as I intend principally to use, made after the form of a
dome, cupole, or arched roof, or by any other method that may thorowly dry the
same; and when the peat or turf is thorowly and perfectly dryed I then charr
the same, and make thereof charred peat or charred turf for the use of the
furnace, which charred peat or charred turf differs from peat or turf uncharred
in the liko respects as charcoal doos from wood uncharred; and with the help
of this I smelt or melt down the iron oar or iron stone into pig iron or sow
iron. I use along with the aforesaid charred peat or charred turf a small
proportion of charcoal. When I see fit, and as occasion requires, and to
improve the metal and cause it to flow the better, I use a fine earth much
resembling bole armoniack, and a white sand, which in some places is made
use of for plaistering instead of lime, with some marl, and as the iron stone or
iron oar is different in its nature and melting, I proportion it accordingly. I
likewise use some limestone and some clay impregnated with iron, as the work-
men see occasion. With the help of the same fewel I refine and draw out pig
iron or sow iron into barrs, or any other shape or form, for most of tho usefull
and serviceable purposes of the kingdom; and when there is occasion, with the
help of the same fewell, convert the barr iron into steel.
In witness whereof I, have hereunto sett my hand and seal, this Eleventh
day of February, in the thirteenth year of His said Majestie's reign,
Annoo Domini Ona thousand seven hundred twenty-six

page_text: ET MEMORANDUM, quod Undecimo die Februarij, anno suprascript prefat
Willis Fallowfield venit coram dicto Dão Rege in Canč sua et recognovit
Indentuř predict ac omnia et singula in eadem content et spicificat informa
suprascripto. Necnon Indentur predict impress fuit sedm tenorem Statuti
5 fact anno Regni nup Regis et Regine Guliel et Marie Anglie, &c. Sexto.
Irr Undecimo die Februarij, anno predicto.