IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR CRUSHING STONE AND OTHER LIKE HARD SUBSTANCES "
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Dalton of Soho Foundry, Leeds, in the County of
York for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR CRUSHING STONE AND OTHER LIKE HARD
SUBSTANCES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Dalton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th July 1882.
GEORGE DALTON of Soho Foundry, Leeds, in the County of York
&
IMPROVE
MENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR
CRUSHING STONE AND OTHER LIKE HARD SUBSTANCES
This Invention relating to improvements in and connected with machinery or
apparatus for breaking or crushing stone and other like hard substances, consists
firstly, in a novel construction and arrangement of the crushing apparatus so as to
effect a more perfect division or disintegration of the substances operated upon and
secondly in the construction and operation of the revolving screen for more
effectually separating the crushed or divided substances according to degrees of
fineness.
According to the first part of my Invention I arrange the one crushing jaw of
the apparatus to be operated by two toggle levers set at different relative angles so
as to obtain a greater motion at the top of the crushing jaw or apparatus than at
the bottom end thereof-This arrangement of apparatus is worked by a horizontal
lever or its equivalent operated by a crank or similar intervention from a shaft
receiving suitable motion in the usual way.
In this manner I am enabled to impart a very effectual compound motion to the
aforesaid oscillating jaw, consisting of a comparatively large lateral angular
reciprocating motion at the top, to that at the bottom end thereof, while an
alternate downward reciprocating movement is also imparted thereto; so as to
obtain a very powerful and efficient crushing and disintegrating action upon the
substance introduced between the jaws.
According to the second part of my Invention I provide a compound revolving
screen or sieve capable of receiving a peculiar combined rotary and vibratory

page_text: motion, for receiving and separating the substances introduced in the interior
thereof as crushed and expelled from the apparatus herein before described. This
screen or sifting apparatus consists of a compound cylindrical or other conveniently
shaped screen and sieve formed of an inner and outer perforated casing.
The framework or supporting structure of this apparatus may be conveniently
composed of light steel hoops with suitable longitudinal tie pieces bolted or
otherwise conveniently attached thereto. To this framing is fixed an auxiliary
wooden frame work to which the two perforated casings or screens are attached the
one with the coarser meshes or perforations being preferably arranged outside that
of finer construction.
This compound sieve or screen is carried by the usual central shaft through
which it receives rotary motion in a convenient plane-To the outer end of the
said shaft I fix a ratchet or similar toothed wheel presenting different planes of
elevation from its centre which ratchet wheel is arranged to engage with the
smooth peripheral surface of a runner or pulley conveniently mounted for its
reception the whole apparatus being suitably jointed and mounted in slotted
bearings to admit of the necessary vibratory or reciprocating motion.
In this manner, as the shaft with the screening apparatus is caused to rotate, by
any convenient arrangement of gearing, the ratchet or similar toothed wheel fixed at
the end of the shaft is caused similarly to revolve in contact with the uniform
surface of the runner or pulley whereby an additional rapid intermittent vibratory
motion is imparted to the entire apparatus so as to effectually prevent the crushed
substances contained therein to be clogged.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Dalton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th January
1883.
GEORGE DALTON of Soho Foundry Leeds in the County of York " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR
CRUSHING STONE AND OTHER LIKE HARD SUBSTANCES
"
My said Invention relates to improvements in and connected with machinery
or apparatus for breaking or crushing stone and other like hard substances and
has for its objects to effect a more perfect division or disintegration of the sub-.
stances operated upon and to effectually separate the crushed or divided substances
according to degrees of fineness.
According to the first part of my said Invention I arrange the one crushing jaw
of the apparatus to be operated by two toggle levers set at different relative angles
so as to obtain a greater motion at the top of the said crushing jaw than at the
bottom end thereof and at the same time effecting compound reciprocating motions
at or about right angles to each other.
According to the second part of my Invention provide a compound revolving
screen or sieve consisting of an inner and outer perforated casing having a peculiar
combined rotary and vibratory motion imparted to it for separating the substances
introduced into the interior thereof as crushed and expelled from the crushing
portion of the apparatus.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures on the annexed sheet of drawings the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a longitudinal sectional
elevation of a stone or other like crushing and screening or separating apparatus
constructed and operated according to my said Invention.
Figure 2 represents, a transverse section of the revolving compound separating
screen whilst Figure 3 shews a detail view of the apparatus for imparting the
vibrating or shaking motion to the said screen.
A is the movable crusbing jaw of the said apparatus operated by the two.
toggles a and b arranged at different relative angles so as to obtain the desired
increase of angular motion at the top of the same in order to effect the more
perfect crushing or disintegrating action herein before referred to. c c¹ are wedge.
shaped blocks capable of being raised or lowered behind the sliding toggle bearings
d d by means of the screw bolts and nuts c³ ³ so as to take up the wear of the
jaw faces. The moveable crushing jaw A may be conveniently worked by a
horizontal lever B, or its equivalent operated by a crank C and connecting rod D,
or its equivalent fixed to or connected with a shaft E or the like receiving motion;
from any convenient source.
By the arrangement of the toggle levers above described I am enabled to impart
a very effectual compound motion to the aforesaid oscillating or vibrating crushing.
jaw A consisting of a comparatively large lateral angular reciprocating motion at
the top compared to that at the bottom end thereof whilst at the same time an,
alternate downward reciprocating motion is imparted thereto the resultant of these,
components effecting a very powerful and efficient crushing action. The substances.
to be crushed or broken are introduced at the hopper H from whence they find
their way between the fixed jaw F and the said movable jaw A of the apparatus:
operated as aforesaid.

page_text: As the crushed or broken substances pass from the said jaws they are conducted
by an inclined plate or trough g or by any other suitable means to the interior
of the revolving screen or sieve I.
The said screen or sieve I is for separating the crushed materials introduced
therein according to degrees of fineness or disintegration and consists of an inner
and outer perforated or reticulated casing i respectively which may take the
form of stout wire gauze fixed to a suitable framing the said inner casing or
screen having larger perforations or meshes than those of the outer screen to
break the fall of the substance on to the fine sieve.
The framing or supporting structure may be conveniently composed or formed
of light metal hoops having suitable longitudinal tie pieces bolted or otherwise
attached thereto and to this framing may be secured an auxiliary wooden frame
work to which the perforated casings or screens may be attached.
Another outer
casing preferably with coarser meshes or perforations is or may be arranged
outside the screen i¹ as a support thereto constituting with it a strong compound
screen.
Although I have shewn and described one particular form of compound screen
or sifting apparatus it is obvious that other forms of such screens capable of
revolution might be employed such for example as recticulated single screens
rectangular or polygonal in cross section.
The aforesaid compound screen or sieve is fixed upon a central shaft h mounted
at a suitable inclination in order to facilitate its action and allow the larger
portions of the crushed stones or materials to pass gradually through this sifting
or separating apparatus and be separately discharged at the end (J) thereof when
the same is subjected to the peculiar shaking and rotary motions hereinafter
described. The shaft h may be driven from any convenient source of motive
power through the intervention of a pulley p or by other convenient means the
said shaft being at one end jointed so that it can rotate its other end being
mounted in a bush block or slot so as to be capable of slightly rising and falling
in its bearings as it rotates. The rising and falling motion is effected by means
of a ratchet wheel q or analogous appliance fixed upon the shaft h and presenting
different planes of elevation from its centre and engaging or bearing upon the
periphery or surface of a runner or pulley r mounted on a framing s as shewn in
figure 1 and in the detail at Figure 3 of the drawings.
As the shaft with the screening apparatus I is caused to revolve the wheel
I also
revolving with it and in contact with the uniform surface of the runner or pulley r
causes a rapid intermittent vibratory or shaking motion to be imparted to the said
screen or sieve in addition to that of rotation so as to effectually prevent the
clogging of the screens by the crushed or broken substances. The meshes or
perforations of the screen i¹ may be of different sizes at different parts increasing
towards the exit end to separate the crushed substances into any required number
of different sizes.
When the machine or apparatus has been set in motion the substances to be
broken disintegrated or crushed are introduced between the jaws F and A by the
hopper H and the movable jaw A of the apparatus receiving the peculiar forward
compound motion herein before described effectually crushes the substances between
itself and the fixed jaw F.
As the substances or materials are crushed or broken they fall or pass through
between the bottom of the said jaws and are conducted into the interior of the
aforesaid screening apparatus I receiving the said rotary and vibrating motion by
which the more finely divided portions of the said crushed or broken substances are
caused to pass laterally through the inner and outer screens (according to degrees
of fineness) whilst the larger portions thereof are caused to travel along the said
screen and be discharged at the end of the apparatus J.
These discharged portions may if necessary be returned and put through the
machine again until they have acquired the necessary state of division.
In the drawing, the larger or insufficiently broken substances are represented as

page_text: being returned again through the machine by an endless chain of buckets or
receptacles constructed and operating in any convenient manner.
It will be understood that the revolving screen or sieve may be arranged in
any convenient position relatively with the crushing machine and be provided
with any convenient means for conveying the substance from the crusher to the
said screen or sieve. The said screen or sieve is also applicable for use with other
crushing apparatus such for example as cement mills.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect I would observe in conclusion that I do not limit myself to the precise details
therein described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings as the same may
in certain cases be varied without departing froin the nature of my Invention but
what I consider to be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein before in part recited Letters Patent is :-
First. In machinery or apparatus for breaking or crushing stone or other hard
substances the employment of toggle levers set at different angles for operating the
movable jaw or jaws substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in tho
accompanying drawings.
Second. The combination with crushing or disintegrating machinery of a rotating
screen or sieve provided with means for imparting a vibratory or shaking motion
in addition to the rotary motion substantially as herein before described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
Third. The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the
machinery or apparatus for breaking or crushing stone or other hard substances
and separating or screening the same herein before described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
In witness whereof I the said George Dalton have to this my Specification set.
my hand and seal this twenty-fifth day of January One thousand eight
hundred and eighty three
GEO DALTON (L.S.)