AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF WATER CLOSET BASINS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Greenshields MacWilliam of 20 Bartlett's
Buildings in the city of London Pottery Agent, for an invention of AN
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF WATER CLOSET BASINS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Greenshields
MacWilliam at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on tho
29th September 1883.
GEORGE GREENSHIELDS MACWILLIAM of 20 Bartlett's Buildings in the city of
London Pottery Agent AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF WATER CLOSET BASINS
The object of my invention is to construct a water closet basin that shall have
the following advantages. The basin and the trap thereof are formed in one piece.
No connections or valve boxes or separate traps are required and my basin can be
connected by even any unskilled workman directly to the soil pipe.
A certain
amount of water will always be retained in the bottom of the basin into which the
feces must directly fall and be instantly deodorized.
To carry out this object the basin may be made of any material but preferably
of glazed carthenware and of a rather deeper form than is usual and from the
bottom of the basin rises the trap the bend of which is a little above the level of
the top of the inlet thereof from the basin which is therefore always scaled. The
trap then bends over and terminates in the outlet which is connected to the drain
and which is situated under the centre of the basin. These parts are so shaped that
immediately a flush is effected the contents of the basin are propelled over the bend
directly into the drain. The water can be admitted in any convenient manner
such for example as through a flushing rim but I prefer to use a fan on the end of
the water supply pipe by which the water can be spread all over the surface of the
basin and ensure cleanliness. I also form an aperture of a suitable size on the top
of the bend for purposes of examination and this aperture is closed by a cover on
which may be a neck to which can be attached a ventilating pipe if required. The
basin and the outlet with its trap can be so formed as to suit any desired quantity
of the flushing water without departing from my invention and the manner of
performing the same which consists chiefly in so forming the basin and the trap
thereof that while there is always a sufficient quantity of water in the bottom of
the basin to directly receive and deodorize any matter deposited therein a small
addition to this amount of water shall immediately and completely carry away all
such matter which cannot be stopped in its passage to the drain. At the same
time this basin can be made very cheaply and is always sealed.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Greenshields MacWilliam in the Patent Office on the
13th March 1884.
George GreenSHIELDS MACWILLIAM of 20 Bartlett's Buildings in the City of
London Pottery Agent AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF WATER CLOSET BASINS
The object of my invention is to construct a water closet basin that shall have
the following advantages. The basin and the trap thereof are formed in one piece.
No connections or valve boxes or valves or separate traps are required and my
basin can be connected by any unskilled workman directly to the drain or soil pipe.
A sufficient quantity of water must always be retained in the bottom of the basin
by which the said basin is sealed and into which the feces or other matter must
directly fall and be instantly deodorized. At the same time this basin can be easily
and efficiently flushed and any matter deposited therein be completely and quickly
removed and the said basin can also be constructed very cheaply.
In order to explain my invention and in what manner the same is to be 1
performed I refer to the accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of my water closet basin.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the samo taken at a b in Figure 1.
The basin A and the whole apparatus may be made of any material but I prefer
to use glazed earthenware which gives the best results. From the bottom B of
this basin A which is preferably made of a rather deeper form than is usual rises
the trap C. The entrance or mouth of this trap C is formed in one side of the
basin A by making an aperture in the side the upper edge of which aperturo
creates the dip of the trap as shewn at D and carrying the other opposite side of
the basin A across the bottom B and under the dip D which side is still further
prolonged and raised to create the bend of the trap as shown at E. The bend E is
raised a suitable height above the level of the dip D so that the water retained in
this part of the trap shall always seal the basin and prevent the entrance of any
noxious gas or effluvia from the drain or soil pipe. At the same time the lower
parts of the basin and the trap are so formed and the lip of the bend E so bent
over or flattened down as shewn in the drawing that immediately a flush is effected
the contents of the basin are readily propelled over the said lip of the bend E
whence they pass down the trap C through its termination F directly to the drain
or soil pipe. This termination or outlet F is situated under the centre of tho
basin A or thereabouts and the said basin A is attached to the drain or soil pipo
by this outlet F no further attachments or connections being required. On the
top of the bend of the trap CI form an aperture G of a suitable size for purposes
of examination which aperture G is closed by a cover H in which I preferably
make a neck K to which neck K can then be attached a ventilating pipe L. The
water for flushing is admitted to the basin A through the pipe M and any convenient
method may be used for distributing the said water such for example as by a
flushing rim or otherwise but I prefer to use a fan N which is placed over the end
of the pipo M and is made in such a form that whilst part of the water is spread
all over the surface of the basin to ensure cleanliness the greater part of the water
rushes down in a solid stream O which is directed into the centre of the bottom B
of the basin A or thereabouts and thence through the entrance of the trap over the
bend thereof into the drain or soil pipe thus rendering the carrying away of all
matters in the basin more certain of accomplishment. To this aforesaid end also I
prefer to place the water supply pipo M on the side of the basin exactly opposite
to the entrance of the trap as shewn in the drawing.

page_text: Thus in a water closet basin formed according to my method as herein before
described and shewn in the accompanying drawing there is always a sufficient
quantity of water in the bottom of the basin to effect a seal thereof and to receive
and deodorize any matter deposited therein and a comparatively small addition to
this quantity of water will immediately and completely carry away all such matter
which said matter in consequence of the simplicity and freedom from sharp bends
of the outlet from the basin cannot be stopped in its outward passage from the
basin. to the drain or soil pipe through the said outlet.
Having thus particularly described and clearly ascertained my invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed I would state in conclusion that what I
claim as my invention which is protected by the hereinbefore in part recited
Letters Patent is
1. The construction of water closet basins substantially as and for the purpose
herein before described and set forth.
2. In water closet basins the arrangement of the parts as herein before described
and shewn in the accompanying drawing whereby water is always retained in the
bottom of the basin which basin is thereby sealed and from which basin any
matter can be instantly and completely discharged by the flush substantially as
described.
"
In witness whereof I the said George Greenshields MacWilliam have hereunto
set my hand and seal this tenth day of March in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty four.
ABODAR
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