AN IMPROVED MECHANICAL KNEADING TROUGH
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Felix Victor Deliry, of the Town of Soissons,
in the Empire of France, Baker, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
MECHANICAL KNEADING TROUGH."
Sealed the 11th April 1862, and dated the 23rd October 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Felix Victor
Deliry at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 23rd October 1861.
I, JOSEPH FELIX VICTOR DELIRY, of the Town of Soissons, in the Empire
of France, Baker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MECHANICAL KNEADING TROUGH," to be as follows:-
This apparatus consists in a circular basin (of metal or other material) in
which are placed flour and water required for making dough. This basin
revolves on a vertical central shaft, and bears upon three or more rollers.
The requisite rotary motion is given, either by hand or steam power, through
a bevil pinion cogging or gearing into a corresponding crown fitted under the
circular basin. Within the latter there is a central envelope, leaving an
annular space for working the dough, and the actuating gearings are fitted
in the central part of the basin; they impel the kneading organs as the
basin revolves. When the dough has been sufficiently kneaded, the central

page_text: gearings with their appendages are raised up by means of a screw lodged in
the vertical shaft to allow the workman to take out the dough in order to
form the loaves for the oven.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Felix Victor Deliry in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 19th April 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
FELIX VICTOR DELIRY, of the Town of Soissons, in the Empire of France,
Baker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-sixth year
of Her reign, did, for Ilerself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Joseph Felix Victor Deliry, Her special licence that I,
the said Joseph Felix Victor Deliry, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Joseph Felix Victor Deliry, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED MECHANICAL KNEADING TROUGH,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Felix Victor
Deliry, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Felix Victor Deliry, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of
Drawing forming part of this my Specification.
The improved mechanical kneading trough of my Invention consists of a
cast-iron annular basin, into which is placed the bread stuffs for working them.

page_text: This basin, which is carried by three or more rollers according to its size,
revolves around a central vertical steady shaft. The required rotary motion
for working the dough is given to the basin either by a hand crank, or a band
running on a pulley keyed on a horizontal shaft carrying a bevel pinion,
which pinion cogs with a tooth crown fastened under the bottom of the basin;
in the first case I put a fly wheel on the horizontal shaft to regulate the
motion. Within the cast-iron basin there is a central enclosing partition,
which leaves an annular space for working the dough, and the machinery
impelling the kneading organs is lodged in the central chamber, over which
is a moveable covering plate embodied with a central casing, into which is
fitted the machinery. This covering plate is raised up by means of a screw
engaged in the central steady hollow shaft; the kneading pieces are raised up
with the covering plate when the dough has been worked enough, allowing it
to be taken off by separate lumps to form the loaves of various forms, which
are placed in baskets or boxes ready for the purpose.
The annexed Drawing is an illustration of my improved trough, drawn to
a scale of one-twelfth its natural size, intended to be worked by hand.
Figures 1 and 2, elevations, shewing it on two different sides; Figure 3,
general plan or horizontal projection of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a vertical
section through the line x, y, of the plan; Figure 5, top plan view of the
basin alone without the machinery; Figure 6, separate under view or plan of
the casing containing the organs for communicating the motion. In all the
Figures the same pieces are designated by similar letters.
A, vertical steady shaft, around which the basin B revolves; Figure 4 shews
the annular conical shape thereof. The said annular space contains the bread
stuffs, which rise up to the red line. The whole apparatus is set upon stands L,
either cramped or bolted fast on the floor. A bearing C, into which the ver-
tical shaft is secured, carries a set of rollers, over which the basin B is laying
and running. The apparatus is actuated either by hand through the handle M,
or by steam or other power, by means of an endless band running on the
pullies D, D. The shaft a of the pullies or crank, which runs in the
bearings S, carries a bevel pinion E, which cogs with and drives a tooth
crown R, bolted fast under or cast together with the basin. Above the
bottom, within the inner chamber N, another bevel wheel J is bolted fast,
which actuates the bevel pinions d, d, d', (Figures 4 and 6), set on con-
verging shafts; the two first ones carry also the bevel pinions f, more taper
than the first ones, which impel the pinions n, fitted on the shafts q, where
they can slide. The kneaders P, somewhat of a screw shape, are carried by

page_text: the same shafts 1.
Grooved gearing sleeves are embodied with the pinions n,
and forked levers g can throw them in and out of gear by shifting them on
their shafts, so as to set going or stop the kneaders or dough elongators P.
The pinion e is attached to the pinion d¹; the latter gears underneath with a
pinion o, Figure 7, embodied with a gearing sleeve, while the lever k can
move to and fro, so as to actuate or stop at pleasure the lyre-shaped fraser F,
which is shewn separately, Figure 8. The vertical shaft of this organ carries
a bevel pinion m, impelled by the pinion r, fitted on the same shaft with the
pinion o. The whole contrivance driving the fraser is inclosed in a box H,
shewn in horizontal section through the line x, y, Figure 7. The said box is
fastened with screws or by any other means over the top covering plate U.
The said plate can slide up and down on the vertical shaft A, in order to
raise up all the kneading organs when the dough has been sufficiently beaten:
The covering plate U, with its casing, can slide up on the vertical shaft A' by
turning the screw I engaged in the said bollow-tapered shaft. Two rods or
columns b, erected on the plate U, bear a cross piece, in which runs a collar
of the screw I, and a fly wheel V, keyed on the upper end of the latter,
permits it to turn round in any way to bring up or down the plate U with its
casing, carrying the whole machinery. Now, the flour and water put in the
annular basin B are converted into dough by the rotary motion of the said
basin, which brings these bread stuffs under the beating and malaxing action
of the kneaders P and fraser F, which can themselves be caused to revolve
or stopped at pleasure by the gearing levers g and k.
Figure 9 (three views) shews a moveable partition which can be slid in
the basin to separate from the mass of dough a portion that is to be used for
another purpose than for common loaves.
Figure 10 (three views) shews a scraper or dough cutter with two blades,
which are slanting to the conical shape of the annular basin. A peg h, fitted
on its transverse branch, can be put in a recess cut in the covering plate U,
and the dough can thus be scraped away from the periphery of the basin as it
revolves. In the same recess of the covering plate U, after the scraper
has been taken off, I introduce a rod T, bent upwards (Figure 1), where
scales are hung to weigh the divided dough, when finished, to make the
loaves.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the means by
which I carry it into practical effect, I would have it understood that I do
not confine or restrict myself to the precise details, so long as the particular
character is retained; but I claim as my Invention, the whole arrangement
..

page_text: of the apparatus above described, and the peculiar disposition of the chief
parts composing it, reserving the right to improve or modify some parts of it,
if I think fit; but I consider as new, and claim more particularly,
First, the disposition of the annular basin, in which the dough is malaxed
and kneaded, which basin bears and runs.upon rollers, and around a central
steady vertical shaft.
Secondly, the arrangement, form, and means of imparting motion to or
stopping at pleasure the malaxing or kneading organs either all at once, or
each one separately.
Thirdly, the peculiar arrangement of the machinery used for imparting
motion to the malaxing or kneading organs, which machinery is fitted in a
casing with upper covering plate raised by a screw gearing in the steady
central vertical shaft to permit the easy removal of the dough to form the
loaves for baking.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Felix Victor Deliry, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Signed and sealed in the presence
of
L. DAUBREVILLE, C. E.
J. F. V. DELIRY. (L.S.)