IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING TEMPLES FOR LOOMS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Radford, of Bradford, in the County of York, Brass
Founder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING TEMPLES FOR
LOOMS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
Sealed the 18th April 1879, and dated the 23rd October 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Radford at the Office.
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd October 1878.
JOHN RADFORD, of Bradford, in the County of York, Brass Founder. "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING TEMPLES FOR LOOMS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED
THEREWITH."
My Invention relates to employing self-acting temples so constructed that they
retain hold on the selvedge of the fabric or material in the process of weaving, and
adapt themselves to the peculiar movement of the material being woven, and stretch
the fabric or material to the required width.
For this purpose I construct temples by preference with only three rings and two
washers to enable the temples to retain hold on the selvedges only. Three temples
are employed, the two outside ones being in a line, and the third and middle one
above the other temples, so that the fabric or material in the process of weaving is
kept firmly within the curve formed by the three temples; but two temples may be
employed, or more than three, and the temples may be made with more than three
rings. The temples are fitted and secured in a plate to which is fitted a guard
covering the temple; this guard is made with two slot openings on the top, and the
ends of the guards are fitted with small friction rollers which guide the fabric or
material. These friction rollers can be fitted to the guards of temples heretofore
in use.
The middle or top temple is fitted on small brackets cast on the under side
of the guard, and the top of the guard is cast with a side lug having a slot hole;
this allows of the removal of the guard when the fabric or material is placed on the
bottom temples or on the removal of the same; the guard is held in position by a
thumbscrew. The end of the temple plate is made with a projection having a lug,
I Davies 027

page_text: and through the lug is fitted a stud or pin projecting on each side of the lug; or
the studs can be cast on each side of the lug. These studs work in guides or slides
made in projecting plates cast on a bracket. Within the slides, and pressing against
_the studs, are fitted springs which give the necessary horizontal motion to the
temple, allowing the temple or temples to follow-the-slay or reed as it recedes from
the fabric or material, and allowing the temple or temples to retain firm hold what-
ever vibration takes place. The studs also allow the temple to have a rising and
Flowering motion; which with the horizontal motion herein-before described allows
the "self-acting temples" to adapt themselves to the peculiar-movement_of_the_
material-being-woven, and to retain hold on the selvedge, and stretch uniformly the
material to the required width. The brackets carrying the temples are fitted on
brackets having hanging-down plates, on which are cast projecting lugs, and within
which is fitted the end-of-a-bar-which-may be flat, round, or square. This bar
connects the temples which are fitted right and left on the inside of the breast rail
of a loom; this bar is secured to the loom by brackets.
I may also employ self-acting temples constructed without rings and washers.
For that purpose I cast two separate plates, by preference made oblong and with
rounded ends; within and round the plates are cast or cut grooves in which work
sectional temples; the sectional blocks of the temples are fitted on the top with
pins, and the blocks are cast with projecting pieces which work in grooves. When
the sectional temples are placed in position between the plates, the said plates are
firmly secured together by a set screw or bolt and nut. The bottom parts of the
oblong plates are cast on the outside with studs, but studs may be fitted to
the plates. These studs work in guides, and are fitted with spiral springs to give
the horizontal motion, and the studs also give the rising and lowering motion. The
sectional temples work round the oblong plates, and the temples are fitted on
brackets and a bar, as herein-before described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Radford in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st April
1879.
JOHN RADFORD, of Bradford, in the County of York, Brass Founder.
"IM-
PROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING TEMPLES FOR LOOMS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED
THEREWITH."
The said Invention relates to employing self-acting temples so constructed that
they retain by preference hold on the selvedge of the fabric or material in the
process of weaving, and adapt themselves to the peculiar movement of the material
being woven, and stretch the fabric or material to the required width.
For that purpose I construct the temples with one or more rings and washers to
enable the temples to retain hold by preference on the selvedges. Three rollers are
employed to form a temple, the two outside rollers in a line, and the third and
middle roller above the other rollers, so that the fabric or material in the process of
weaving is kept firmly within the curve formed by the three rollers; but I may
construct temples with one or two rollers, and more than three may be employed;
the number of rings and washers vary with the size of the rollers. The rollers are
fitted and secured in a plate to which is fitted a guard covering the rollers or
temples. This guard is made with openings on the top, and the ends of the guard
may be fitted with small friction rollers to guide the fabric or material; these small
friction rollers can be fitted to the guards of temples heretofore in use.
The top or
middle temple or roller is fitted to a small bracket cast on the under side of the
guard, and the top of the guard is cast with a side lug in which is made a slot hole
to allow the removal of the guard when the fabric or material is placed on the
bottom rollers or temples, or on the removal of the same; the guard is held in
position by a thumb screw. The end of the temple plate is made with a projection
having a bracket, and through the bracket is fitted a stud or pin which projects on
cach side of the bracket, but the stud can be cast on the bracket. The projecting
ends of the stud or pin work in guides or slides made in projecting plates cast on a
bracket. Under the projecting plates is fitted a spring to keep the temple in position,
and the spring presses against the stud and allows of giving the necessary horizontal
motion to the temple for the temple or temples to follow the slay or reed as it recedes
from the fabric or material, allowing the temple or temples to retain firm hold,
whatever vibration takes place; the stud also allows the temple to have a rising
and lowering motion, which, with the horizontal motion herein-before named, allows
the "self-acting temples" to adapt themselves to the peculiar movement of the
material being woven, and to retain hold by preference on the selvedge and stretch
the material uniformly to the required width. The brackets carrying the temples
are fitted on brackets having hanging-down plates on which are cast projecting lugs,
and within which are fitted the ends of a bar which may be flat, round, or square.
The bar connects the temples which are fitted right and left on the inside of the
breast rail of a loom; the bar is secured to the loom by brackets. Or I construct
the block in which passes the temple bar with a stud or pin on the top; on the
stud is fitted a socket having a slide bearing plate which is made with a slot hole.
On the bearing plate is fitted a slide cast to the projecting plate in which is passed
the stud of the temple; the slide allows of giving the required length, and when
the required position is obtained the slide is secured to the bearing plate by a bolt
and nut. The socket or boss and bearing plate can be turned and set to any required
angle to obtain the templing power, and the angle can be kept in position by a set
screw securing the socket to the stud; or the temple or temples can be set to the
slide block of the temple bar and can also be set to any required angle. I also con-

page_text: struct temples with solid rollers having pins fitted on them, and I can employ the
middle roller fitted under the two side rollers or temples instead of on the top.
I may also construct and employ "self-acting temples" made without rings,
Washers-or-rollers. These temples are made of two separate plates, by preference
cast oblong.and with rounded ends. Within-and-round the plates are cast or cut
grooves in which work sectional blocks fitted with pins on the top, and cast with-
_projecting pieces which work in the grooves. When the sectional blocks are placed
in position between-the-plates the said plates are firmly secured together by a set
screw or by a bolt and nut. The bottom part of the oblong-plates.are_cast on the
outside with studs, but studs-inay be fitted to the plates. The studs work in guides
and are fitted with springs herein-before described which give the horizontal motion,
-and-the-studs also give the rising and lowering motion. The sectional blocks work
round the oblong plates; the temples-are-fitted to the brackets and bar herein-before
described.
But in order to enable my improvements to be better understood I will proceed
to describe the same by reference to the accompanying Drawing, in which Figure 1
represents a side elevation of a temple constructed with three rollers, and with the
middle roller fitted over the two other rollers, the rollers having rings and washers;
Figure 2, front side elevation; Figure 3, an under side plan, and Figure 4 a top
view of the same. Figure 5 represents a side elevation of a temple with three solid
rollers, the middle roller being fitted under the other two rollers; Figure 6, front
side elevation; Figure 7, a bottom view; and Figure 8, a top view of the same.
Figure 9 represents a side elevation constructed without rollers, and with sectional
blocks; Figure 10, sectional elevation; Figure 11, front view; and Figure 12, plan
of the same. Figure 13 represents a side elevation of a temple having two solid
rollers, and also side elevation of regulating slide to set the temple to any required
Similar letters of
angle Figure 14, front view; and Figure 15, plan of the same.
reference are used in all the Figures to represent similar parts.
The temple shewn in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 is constructed with two rings A and
washer B to each roller, and the temple is made with three rollers C, D, and E. The
rollers C and D are placed in a line, and the roller E above them, so that the fabric
or material in the process of weaving is kept firmly within the curve formed by the
three rollers, that is to say, over the roller C, under the roller E, and over the
roller D. The rollers C and D are secured in a plate F, and the top roller E in a
projecting lug G cast on the under side of a guard H. The guard is made with a
projecting piece I in which is made a slot hole J to remove and replace the guard
and top roller when required, and the guard is made with two openings K and L,
also, if desired, with small friction rollers M to guide the fabric or material; but the
ends of the guards can be rounded, and without friction rollers. The guard is fitted on
a projecting plate N, and secured to the plate by a thumbscrew O. The plate F is made
with a projecting piece P and bracket Q, to which are cast on the sides studs R
and S; or a stud may be fitted through the bracket. The studs R and S work in
guides T of projecting brackets U which are cast on a plate V, and under this plate
is fitted a spring W which presses against the stud S, keeping the temple in position,
and which allows of giving the necessary horizontal motion to the temple for the
temple to follow the slay or reed as it recedes from the fabric or material, allowing
the temple to retain firm hold, whatever vibration takes place. The stud or studs
also allows or allow the temple to have a rising and lowering motion, which with
the horizontal motion herein-before mentioned allows the "self-acting temples" to
adapt themselves to the peculiar movement of the material being woven, and to
retain hold by preference on the selvedge and stretch the material uniformly to the
required width. The brackets carrying the temples are fitted on brackets having
hanging-down plates on which are cast projecting lugs, and within which are fitted
the ends of a bar Y which may be flat, round; or square. The bar connects the
temples which are fitted right and left on the inside of the breast rail of a loom;

page_text: the bar is secured to the loom by brackets.
Or I construct the block X through
which passes the bar Y with a stud or pin Z. On this stud is fitted a boss A¹ con-
nected to a bearing plate B¹ which is made with a slide opening C. On the plate B'
is fitted a slide D on which is cast the projecting brackets U having the guides T.
The slide D¹ can be moved forward or backward on the bearing plate B¹ and secured
to the required position by a bolt and nut E¹. The boss and bearing plate can be
turned and set to any required angle to obtain the templing power, and the angle
kept in working position by a set screw F1 securing the boss A' to the stud or
pin Z.
The temple shewn in Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8 is constructed with solid rollers G¹, H¹,
and I, in which are fitted pins J¹. In this temple the rollers G and H¹ are on the
top and fitted in sockets K' cast on the guard H. The bottom roller I is fitted in
a plate F, and in the plate is fitted a stud or pin K' on which works a friction
roller M to guide the fabric or material. The guard is also made with openings K
and L, and the guard is fitted on a projecting plate N and secured in position by a
thumbscrew O. The plate is made with a projecting piece P and bracket Q
having studs R and S which work in a guide T of a projecting bracket U in a
similar manner to that herein-before described.
The temple shewn in Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12 is constructed with two separate
plates I and M in which are cast grooves in which work projecting pieces N' cast
on sectional blocks which are fitted with pins J. The blocks are secured in
position in the grooves by a bolt P¹ which is passed through bosses Q' and R¹ cast
on the inside of the plates L' and M¹; a nut is screwed on the bolt. The plates
have studs R and S which work in guides T formed in projecting brackets U, also
in a similar manner to that herein-before described; the sectional blocks O' work in
the grooves and round the plates L' and M¹.
The temple shewn in Figures 13, 14, and 15 is constructed with two solid
rollers S¹ and T¹; the lower roller T¹ is fitted in a bearer U₁ cast on a bracket V¹,
and the roller S¹ in a boss W' cast on the guard H. The guard is made with an
opening K and secured in position by a thumbscrew O which screws in a projecting
lug N cast on the bracket V₁. The bracket is made with a projecting arm X¹ on
which are cast studs R and S which work in guides T of projecting brackets U cast
on a plate V in a similar manner to that herein-before described. The temple can
be fitted with only one roller, or three may be employed.
Having thus described my improvements, and the best means I am acquainted
with for carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details shewn and described, as they may be varied
without departing from the peculiar character of the Invention; but what I do
claim is,-
Firstly. The arrangement, construction, and employment of temples constructed
with three rollers, and of the studs R and S working in guides T, and of the
spring W which gives a rising, lowering, and horizontal motion to the temples to
allow them to adapt themselves to the peculiar movement of the material being
woven and retain hold (by preference on the selvedges only) and stretch the material
uniformly to the required width, substantially as and for the purpose herein described,
and represented in the Drawing annexed.
Secondly. The construction and employment of solid rollers having pins fitted
thereon, and also of small friction rollers to guide the fabric or material, substantially
as herein-before described and represented in the accompanying Drawing.
Thirdly. The construction and employment of temples made with separate plates
having grooves in which work projecting pieces cast on sectional blocks in which
are fitted pins, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before described, and
represented in the Drawing.
Fourthly. The construction and employment of temples made with one or two

page_text: solid rollers having pins, substantially as herein-before described, and represented in
the Drawing annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Radford, have hereto set my hand and
seal,-this Eighteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-nine.