IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS WHICH MAY BE USEFULLY EMPLOYED FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF INSECTS ON PLANTS AND ANIMALS, ALSO AS LUBRICANTS, ALSO FOR SHEEP-DIPPING AND GENERALLY AS SOAPS OR DETERGENTS FOR WASHING CLEANSING AND PURIFYING PURPOSES to be as follows:
Year: 1885

page_text: I CHARLES THOMAS KINGZETT F.C.S., F.I.C, Vice President Society of Public
Analysts, of "Trevena," Amhurst Park in the County of Middlesex do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION
OF COMPOUNDS WHICH MAY BE USEFULLY EMPLOYED FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF
INSECTS ON PLANTS AND ANIMALS, ALSO AS LUBRICANTS, ALSO FOR SHEEP-DIPPING
AND GENERALLY AS SOAPS OR DETERGENTS FOR WASHING CLEANSING AND PURIFYING
PURPOSES to be as follows:-
""
This invention relates to the production of compounds which are to some extent
of the nature of soaps and may be used for admixture with ordinary soaps, also for
the destruction of insects on plants and animals also as lubricants, also for sheep
dipping and generally as soaps or detergents for washing cleansing and purifying
purposes.
The methods for their preparation are as follows:- :
;
I dissolve either ordinary crude turpentine (that is to say the exudation which
is obtained by flow through incisions made in pine trees and which is known by
other names such as gum thus, galipot, barras etc) or ordinary rosin (that is to say
that part of crude turpentine which is left in the retorts after the oil of turpentine
has been distilled off) either in oil of turpentine or in rosin spirit (which substance
is obtained by destructive distillation of ordinary rosin) or in rosin oil (which
substance is also obtained as a later product of the destructive distillation of rosin)
or in "Sanitas" oil (which substance is air-oxidised oil of turpentine and is
produced as described in Letters Patent No 274 of 1876) or in mixtures of these
several substances and to the solutions thus prepared I then add gradually a strong
solution (preferably saturated) of either caustic soda or caustic potash dissolved in
water stirring or agitating meanwhile, until upon testing, it is found that the
resulting products when admixed with water form there with soapy solutions
resembling milk in appearance,

page_text: If caustic potash be the alkali which is employed in the process already described
then providing it be not used in excess the products are perfectly liquid in character
although dense. If caustic soda be the alkali which is employed then also provided
an excess be not used, the products obtained in the cases where Sanitas oil, resin
spirit, and oil of turpentine are used in the preparation are likewise of a fluid
character, but in the case where rosin oil is used alone for dissolving the crude
turpentine or rosin the product although fluid. or semi-fluid when first obtained,
deposits upon standing more or less solid matter or it partly congeals. The
presence of Sanitas oil in admixture with the rosin oil however, prevents this
result.
As examples I may state that products as hereinbefore described are obtained
by using in the manner also hereinbefore described the following, quantities of
materials:-
500 grains rosin dissolved in 100 cubic centimetres of rosin spirit and 6 cubic
centimetres of a cold concentrated solution of caustic soda.
"
750 grains rosin dissolved in 100 cubic centimetres of "Sanitas" oil, and 9 cubic
centimetres of concentrated caustic soda solution. The product obtained from this
mixture measures about 160 cubic centimetres and it may be thinned by addition
of more Sanitas" oil if desired, care being taken also to have present a sufficient
amount of the caustic alkali; thus 90 c.c. further of Sanitas oil may be added and
1 c.c. of the caustic soda, so that in this example, as a total product there is
obtained 251 c.c. of the desired substance.
The products obtained as described using Sanitas oil, rosin spirit and oil of
turpentine are all freely soluble in alcohol and thus solutions in alcohol may
be employed for any desired purpose if such solutions.be preferred for any reasons
to the products themselves or to the milk like solutions which they furnish by
mixture with water.
When rosin oil (light or heavy) is used a proportion of camphor may be dissolved
therein by the aid of heat if necessary and the resulting solutions then treated with
either caustic soda or caustic potash solution in the manner already described.
I have discovered that the presence of dissolved camphor in rosin oil ensures the
production of fluid products when it is treated with solution of caustic soda always
providing that an excess of the alkali be not employed. In the absence of camphor
when caustic soda is used the products are more or less solid.
As an example of this method I may state that the following quantities furnish
when used as described herein before the desired products.
100 grains camphor, 100 c.c. rosin oil (of specific gravity 990) and 3 c.c.
concentrated caustic soda solution. Less camphor may be used if desired; thus
30 grains of that substance may be used with 100 c.c. rosin oil and 4 c.c. soda. Or,
of course, a greater proportion of camphor may be used if desired.
Again, instead of dissolving camphor in the rosin oil it may be first of all
dissolved in rosin spirit or oil; of turpentine and the resulting solutions be then
admixed with the rosin oil before treatment with caustic alkali.
Rosin oil (light or heavy) may also be mixed with a quantity of "Sanitas" oil
varying at will from 2 per cent upwards and the mixture then treated with
caustic soda or caustic potash in the manner previously described. I have found
that the presence of Sanitas oil (like that of camphor) in or with rosin oil, ensures
the production of a perfectly fluid product, when it is heated with caustic soda
solution, care being taken to avoid an excess of this last named substance.
As an example of this method I may state that the following quantities will
when used as described furnish such a product as is above referred to, viz, 971 c.c.
of rosin oil (of specific gravity 990), 2 cc. Sanitas oil (of specific gravity 950) and
desired.
3 c.c. strong caustic soda solution. Much more Sanitas oil may be used
Rosin oil (light or heavy) may also be mixed with either rosin spirit or oil
of turpentine and then treated with either caustic soda or potash. as already
described. I have found that the presence of rosin spirit (preferably); and also that
of oil of turpentine ensures greater fluidity of the products obtained when rosin oil

page_text: is treated with caustic soda solution. As an example I may state the quantities of
substances now to be given viz, 90 c.c. rosin oil, 10 c.c. rosin spirit and 1 c.c.
caustic soda solution. If only 5 c.c. rosin spirit be used instead of 10. c.c. in the
mixture just stated, although the product is fluid, it is not clear and brilliant as is
the case when 10. c.c. is used. A larger proportion of rosin spirit may be employed
as the following proportions will show viz, 66 c.c. rosin oil, 33 c.c. rosin spirit and
4 c.c. caustic soda solution.
As a further example the following quantities may be stated, viz, 75 c.c. rosin oil,
25 c.c. oil of turpentine and 4 c.c. strong caustic soda solution.
So far I have only treated of cases wherein an excess of caustic soda or potash is
carefully avoided. If however it is desired to obtain solid products I use excess of
these substances. For lubricating purposes it is desirable under certain circum-
stances to produce such solid products.
I have found that oils and fats may be dissolved in or admixed with rosin oil, or
in or with the solutions made by dissolving crude turpentine or rosin in Sauitas oil,
oil of turpentine, rosin spirit or rosin oil, or in or with rosin oil, rosin spirit, or oil
of turpentine, containing dissolved camphor or in or with either Sanitas oil or rosin
spirit or oil of turpentine, and that the mixture thus obtained may be saponified
with caustic potash or caustic soda solution after the manner previously detailed.
I have also found that oil of eucalyptus may be substituted for oil of turpentine
wherever that substance is mentioned in the preceding paragraphs and also that
air oxidised oil of eucalyptus may be similarly substituted for Sanitas oil in
connection with the same processes.
Although in the preceding description I have named by way of illustration
certain proportions of substances which may be used in order to obtain the desired
products I do not limit myself to them only as it is obvious that considerable
variations may be observed in practice without departing from the essence of my
invention.

page_text: and Animals, also as Lubricants, also for sheep-apping, and
Generally as Soaps or Detergents for Washing, Cleansing,
and Purifying Purposes.
I, CHARLES THOMAS KINGZETT F.C.S, F.I.C, Vice President Society of Public
Analysts, of "Trevena" Amhurst Park in the County of Middlesex do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and, ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to the production of compounds which are to some extent
of the nature of soaps and may be used for admixture with ordinary hard and soft
soaps, also for the destruction of insects on plants and animals, also as lubricants,
also for sheep-dipping and generally as soaps or detergents for washing cleansing
and purifying purposes.
The methods for their preparation are as follows:-
(1.) I dissolve either ordinary crude turpentine (that is to say the exudation which
is obtained by flow through incisions made in pine trees and which is known by
other Dames such as gum-thus galipot, barras etc) or ordinary rosin (that is to say
that part of crude turpentine which is left in the retorts after the oil of turpentine
has been distilled off) either in oil of turpentine or in rosin spirit (which substance
is obtained by destructive distillation of ordinary rosin) or in rosin oil (which
substance is also obtained as a later product of the destructive distillation of rosin)
or in "Sanitas" oil (which substance is air-oxidised oil of turpentine and is
produced as described in Letters Patent No 274 of 1876) or in mixtures of these
several substances and to the solutions thus prepared I then add gradually, a
strong solution (preferably saturated) of either caustic soda or caustic potash
dissolved in water, stirring or agitating meanwhile until upon testing, it is found
that the resulting products when admixed with water form therewith soapy
solutions resembling to some extent milk in appearance.
If caustic potash be the alkali which is employed in the process already described
then providing it be not used in excess the products are perfectly liquid in
character although dense. If caustic soda be the alkali which is employed then,
also, provided an excess be not used, the products obtained in the cases where
Sanitas oil, resin spirit and oil of turpentine are used in the preparation are like-
wise of a fluid character, but in the case where rosin oil is used alone for dissolving
the crude turpentine or rosin the product although fluid or semi-fluid when first
obtained, deposits upon standing more or less. solid matter or it partly congeals.
The presence of Sanitas oil in admixture with the rosin oil however prevents this
result.
As examples I may state that products as herein before described are obtained
by using in the manner also herein before described the following quantities of
materials.
Thus 2 to 3 cwts, or upwards of rosin may be dissolved in 60 gallons, rosin spirit
or 60 gallons turpentine or 60 gallons Sanitas oil or in a mixture of these three
solutions in varying proportions and the resulting product is then saponified with

page_text: about 6 gallons caustic soda solution or caustic potash solution preferably of specific
gravity 1.300 or thereabouts.
The products obtained as described using Sanitas oil, rosin spirit, and oil of
turpentine are all freely soluble in alcohol and thus solutions in alcohol may be
employed for any desired purpose if such solutions be preferred for any reasons, to
the products themselves or to the solutions which they furnish by mixture with
water.
(2.) I take rosin oil (light or heavy) and dissolve. therein, by the aid of heat if
necessary a proportion of camphor and the resulting solutions are then treated with
either caustic soda or caustic potash solution in the manner already described.
I have discovered that the presence of dissolved camphor in rosin oil ensures the
production of a permanently fluid product when it is treated with solution of caustic
soda always providing that an excess of the alkali be not employed. In the absence
of camphor when caustic soda is used the products are often more or less solid.
Example. As an example of this method I may state that the following quantities
furnish when used as described hereinbefore the desired products.
A solution of 50 lbs. camphor in each 100 gallons of rosin oil and about 6 gallons
of a strong solution of caustic soda.
Less camphor may be used if desired; thus half the above named quantity may
be used. Or, of course, a greater proportion of camphor may be used if desired.
Again, instead of dissolving camphor in the rosin oil it may be first of all
dissolved in rosin spirit or oil of turpentine and the resulting solutions be then
admixed with the rosin oil before treatment with caustic alkali.
"
(3.) Rosin oil (light or heavy) may also be mixed with a quantity of "Sanitas
oil varying at will from 21 per cent upwards and the mixture then treated with
eaustic soda or caustic potash in the manner previously described. I have found
that the presence of Sanitas Oil (like that of camphor) in or with rosin oil ensures
the production of a perfectly fluid product when it is treated with caustic soda
solution, care being taken to avoid an excess of this last named substance.
As an example of this method I may state that the following quantities will
when used as described, furnish such a product as is above referred to, viz
973 gallons of rosin oil (of specific gravity 990) 2 gallons Sanitas oil (of specific
gravity 950) and 6 gallons strong caustic soda solution. Much more Sanitas oil
may be used if desired.
(4.) I take rosin oil (light or heavy) and mix therewith either rosin spirit or oil
of turpentine and then proceed to treat the mixture with either caustic soda or
potash as already described. I have found that the presence of rosin spirit
(preferably) and also that of oil of turpentine ensures greater fluidity of the
products obtained when rosin oil is treated with caustic soda solution. As an
example I may state the quantities of substances now to be given viz 90 gallons rosin
oil, 10 gallons rosin spirit and 6 gallons caustic soda solution. A larger proportion
of rosin spirit may be employed. As a further example the following quantities
may be stated viz 75 gallons rosin oil, 25 gallons oil of turpentine and 4 gallous.
strong caustic soda solution..
(5.) So far I have only treate·l of cases wherin an excess of caustic soda or
potash is carefully avoided. If however, it is desired to. obtain more or less solid
products I use excess of these substances. For lubricating purposes.it is desirable
under certain circumstances to produce such more or less solid products. It is
possible that such more or less solid products are fully saturated compounds of the
alkali with the chemical principles upon which they react whereas the fluid
products are not fully saturated and may be regarded either as definite compounds
of that class or as solutions of the neutral or fully saturated compounds in excess
of the chemical principles concerned.
(6.) I have found that oils and fats may be dissolved in or admixed with rosin oil,
or in or with the solutions made by dissolving crude turpentine or rosin in Sanitas
oil, oil of turpentine, rosin spirit or rosin oil or in or with rosin oil, rosin spirit, or
oil of turpentine containing dissolved camphor or in or with either Sanitas oil or

page_text: rosin spirit or oil of turpentine, and that the mixtures thus obtained may be
saponified with caustic potash or caustic soda solution after the manner previously
detailed. Or if preferred ordinary soft or other soap may be dissolved in or
incorporated with the products which are herein before described.
(7.) I have found that oil of eucalyptus may be substituted for oil of turpentine
wherever that substance is mentioned in the preceding paragraphs and also that
air-oxidized oil of eucalyptus may be similarly substituted for Sanitas oil (which is
air-oxidized oil of turpentine) in connection with the same process.
(8.) Although in the preceding description I have named by way of illustration
certain proportions of substances which may be used in order to obtain the desired
products I do not limit myself to them only as it is obvious that considerable
variations may be observed in practice without departing from the essence of my
invention.
9
(9.) In the preparation of the several products which are herein before described
other substances such as Thymol, Iodoform, Benzoic acid, Salicylic acid, Phenol,
Cresol and so forth may be introduced with the view of medicating the products
so as to make them more specifically useful for certain purposes in the practice of
medicine, by communicating to the products the properties which characterise the
several substances thus introduced. They may be introduced either by placing
them in general admixture with the other constituents which are employed before
or after the addition of the caustic alkali solution or they may be previously
dissolved in any one of the several constituents which are employed according to
circumstances.
(10.) All the products which are described herein yield when placed in or
admixed with water solutions which may be employed for the purposes named in
the title of this specification.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The production of compounds which may be usefully employed for the
purposes herein before mentioned by the admixture of Sanitas oil, air-oxidized oil
of eucalyptus, camphor, rosin spirit, oil of turpentine or oil of eucalyptus or
solutions of camphor in either rosin spirit or oil of turpentine or oil of eucalyptus
or oil of camphor of commerce either severally or jointly with rosin oil or with
solutions of rosin or crude turpentine in rosin oil and the subsequent treatment
of such mixtures with a solution of caustic soda or potash.
2. The production of compounds which may be usefully employed for the
purposes herein before mentioned by dissolving crude turpentine or rosin in either
Sanitas oil or rosin spirit or turpentine or in mixtures of these several substances
and the subsequent saponification of such mixtures with a solution of caustic soda
or caustic potash.
3. The production of compounds which may be usefully employed for the
purposes herein before mentioned by the saponification of neutral fats and oils
contained in solution or admixture with any of the mixtures prepared in
accordance with the instructions herein before given by caustic soda or potash.
4. The more or less solid soft soaps which result from the combination of the
products obtained as herein before described with ordinary soft soaps made in the
usual way.
D
108
1
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.