and other Objects against Radiation.
Year: 1885

page_text: and other Objects against Radiation.
I, MATTHEW KEENAN of Armagh Works, Tredegar Road North Bow in the
County of Middlesex Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR PROTECTING BOILERS, CYLINDERS, PIPES AND
OTHER OBJECTS AGAINST RADIATION to be as follows:-
"
A principal object of this invention is to produce a portable and easily applicable
nonconducting covering for boilers, pipes and other objects.
For this purpose
I line sheet iron or other sheet metal such for instance as sheet steel with any
Buitable nonconducting material or compositions or layers of such materials or
compositions. The sheets are made of such forms and sizes as to be conveniently
applied and removed, the latter for inspection and repair). They may thus be
made flat square oblong or circular or of a bent shape, square oblong circular or
otherwise. For boilers pipes and other cylindrical objects I may make them.
circular or segmental forming, say, one half or one fourth of a circle. I prefer to
make the lining of the aforesaid sheets of a layer or layers of hair felt or hair
prepared or lined on the inside next to the boiler with a layer of a composition
made from certain materials which serve to enable the hair or felt to withstand
high temperatures.
These materials are pulped swedes, turnips or mangold wurzel or any or all
combined and sulphate of magnesium (Epsom salts) to which are added small,
quantities of sulphate of lime (manufactured from clay earth and, chalk), vegetable
size, vegetable black or spirit black, Stockholm tar, or other suitable hydrocarbon
liquid, raw linseed oil or cotton oil and paper pulp. These materials are well
mixed together in such proportions as will be necessary to meet the varying
requirements and temperatures and are then laid on or soaked through the felt or
hair. In order to make the hair or felt adhere to the sheet metal I use a cement
or composition consisting mainly or wholly of white and rod lead, ground chalk,
zine white, and raw or boiled linseed oil all mixed together to a paint or putty
consistency.
These lined sheets are applied direct to the surface to be protected against
radiation, or I may first. apply a wrought or cast iron skeletop frame of angle teo

page_text: or bar iron section to the boiler or other surface and 1 then fix the seginent sheets
to such skeleton frame by means of screws or bands. I may in some cases form
an intermediate air chamber between the lined sheet and the boiler or other surface
to be protected against radiation. Lined sheets thus applied are easily removable
when inspection or repair of the boiler or other object is required.
BREWER & JENSEN,
For the Applicant.
and other Objects against Radiation.
I, MATTHEW KEENAN of Armagh Works, Tredegar Road, North Bow. in the
County of Middlesex Manufacturer, do, hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement.—
A principal object of this invention is to produce a portable and easily applicable
nonconducting covering for boilers, pipes and other objects. For this purpose
I line sheet iron or other sheet metal such for instance as sheet steel with any
suitable nonconducting material or composition or layers of such materials or
compositions all as hereinafter described.
The sheets are made of such forms and sizes as to be conveniently applied and
removed (the latter for inspection and repair). They may thus be inade flat
(square oblong circular or otherwise) or of a bent shape (square oblong circular or
otherwise). For boilers pipes and. other cylindrical objects I. may make them
circular or segmental forming say one half or one fourth or any other part of a
circle.
I prefer to make the lining of the aforesaid sheets of a layer or layers of hair
felt or hair prepared or soaked in or lined on the inside next to the boiler with
a layer of a composition made from certain materials which serve to enable the hair
or felt to withstand high temperatures. I prefer to soak the felt in the fluid com-
position presently to be described, and to line' it on the inside next to the boiler
with a layer of the same composition but containing less water.
The materials of the composition which I prefer to use are pulped swedes, turnips
or mangold wurzel or any or all combined and sulphate of magnesium (Epsom
Salts) to which are added small quantities of sulphate of lime (manufactured from
clay earth and chalk) vegetable size, vegetable black, or spirit black, Stockholm tar
or other suitable hydrocarbon liquid, raw linseed oil or cotton oil, and paper.pulp.

page_text: These materials are well mixed together in such proportions as will be necessary to
meet the varying requirements and temperatures and are then caused to be soaked'
through the felt or hair. The following proportions are suitable. 50 parts by
weight of pulped turnips, 30 sulphate of magnesium, 10 sulphate of lime, 2 vege
table or spirit black 24 paper pulp, 2 oil, 2 parts Stockholin tar, part' vegetable
size and part hair.
;
I
The mode of treating the hair felt is as follows: Having inade the composition
I place the sheets of hair felt of a thickness of say half an inch to one inch in the
composition, and leave them in about 12 hours whereby the hair felt is thoroughly
penetrated or soaked with the composition. The sheets are then taken out and
dried in the air or by a low heat. In order further to protect the felt against
charring by the heat I prefer to coat or line the side of the felt next to the boiler
with a layer about one quarter inch thick of the composition named but containing
less water. The sheets of felt thus prepared and lined are then cut up into the
required sizes and cemented onto thin iron sheets.
In order to make the hair or felt adhere to the sheet metal I use a cement or
composition consisting mainly or wholly of white and red lead, ground chalk,
zinc white and raw or boiled linseed oil all mixed together to a paint or putty
consistency.
These lined sheets are applied direct to the surface to be protected against radia-
tion, or I may first apply a wrought or cast iron skeleton frame of angle tee or bar
iron section to the boiler or other surface and I then fix the segment sheets to such
skeleton frame by means of screws or bands. I may, in some cases, form an
intermediate air chamber between the lined sheet and the boiler or other surface
to be protected against radiation. Lined sheets thus applied are easily removable
when inspection or repair of the boiler or other object is required.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a transverse section shewing one
form of my improved anti-radiation sheets applied to a boiler or other surface of
a curved form. The sheets must of course be of the flat or curved shape to suit
the surface to be protected. A represents the boiler plate, on which are fixed a
number of small brackets B made of T iron or angle iron. These latter serve for
affixing the anti-radiation sheets, consisting of the outer thin sheet iron C and the
prepared felt D with the inner lining D₁ of the composition which is cemented
onto the sheet iron C by the cement named. prefer to prepare the felt in the
manner described and to line it with the composition. E is an angle or T iron
which by screws F is secured to the prepared felt. D and serves to fix the anti-
radiator to the brackets B. G is an air space between the boiler and the anti-
radiator. The ends of each latter may be provided with an angle iron H for
better protection in transport and handling. The anti-radiator sheets can be
removed for inspection or repair of the boiler or other object to which they are
applied.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal and Figure 3 a transverse section through a steam pipe
protected against radiation in a similar manner. The sheets C, 1), D¹ in this case
are made in two half round shells as shewn in Figure 3 which are fixed to the
brackets B. The angle iron half hoops E are connected together by the bars F.
Figure 4 is a transverse section of one of my "sheets" to be applied to a boiler
or other surface. In this case I have shown it provided with an inner sheet
iron lining I for better protection against damage during transport..
Both the outer sheeting C and the inner sheeting I may be painted or
galvanized.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. The process described for preparing hair felt substantially as and for the

page_text: Second-The composition described consisting of the ingredients named and in
about the proportions stated.
Third. The portable anti-radiator sheet consisting of an outer metallic sheeting C,
and an inner lining of protected felt or other heat resisting and nonconducting
material or composition with or without an inner metallic sheeting I substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
Fourth. The portable anti-radiator sheet consisting of the outer metallic
sheeting C to which is cemented the felt D prepared and lined as described and
with or without the inner metallic sheeting I and the means for applying same to
the boiler or other surface to be protected against radiation so that an intermediate
air-space G is formed substantially as set forth.