CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Walton, of Haughton Dale Mills, near
the City of Manchester, Card Manufacturer, for the. Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS."
Sealed the 16th October 1857, and dated the 30th April 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Waltou at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th April 1857.
I, FREDERICK WALTON, of Haughton Dale Mills, near the City of Man-
chester, Card Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in rendering the composition, for the manufacture
of which Letters Patent (bearing date the Twentieth day of January, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, under the title of "An Improved
Plastic Composition, and in the Application of Machinery for Manufacturing
the same,") have been granted to me, less sensitive to the action of heat. In
performing my Invention, I subject the composition to the action of heat in an
oven or converting chamber heated by steam or otherwise, whereby certain
gases are evolved, and the composition thus converted is rendered capable of
resisting a greater degree of heat than heretofore. In some cases the con-
verting may be effected when the composition is in the mould, and in other
cases the converting is effected before the composition is put in the heated
cylinder, described in the Provisional Specification of the Letters Patent above.
referred to; or the composition may be taken from the converting chamber
and then moulded into the required forms, having been previously made to the
approximate shape.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Walton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th October 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
WALTON, of Haughton Dale. Mills, near the City of Manchester, Card
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me.
the said Frederick Walton, Her special licence that I, the said Frederick
Walton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Frederick Walton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Frederick Walton, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Walton, do hereby declaro
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
This Invention consists in rendering the composition, for the manufacture
of which Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of January, One
thousand cight hundred and fifty-seven, under the title of "An Improved
Plastic Composition, and in the Application of Machinery for Manufacturing
the same," have been granted to me, less sensitive to the action of heat.
In performing my Invention, I subject the composition to the action of heat in
an oven or converting chamber, heated by steam or otherwise, whereby certain
gases are evolved, and the composition thus converted is rendered capable of
resisting a greater degree of heat than heretofore. In some cases the con-
verting may be effected when the composition is in the mould, and in other.

page_text: cases it is effected before the composition is put in the heated cylinder,
described in the Specification of the Letters Patent above referred to; or the
composition may be taken from the converting chamber and then moulded
into the required forms, having been previously made to the approximate
shape. The precise temperature to which the composition must be subjected
in order to cause the change or conversion depends upon the bulk of the
articles and the time they are allowed to remain under the influence of heat
in the converting chamber or otherwise. I have found that a temperaturo
of 160 degrees of Fahrenheit's thermometer is suitable in most cases, but a
lower or higher temperature may sometimes be requisite, according to the
quality of the ingredients employed, and the time during which the articles
remain exposed to the heat, and to the object for which the articles are to be
applied. I wish to remark, that in some cases the lacs or resins forming part
of the composition may be subjected to the action of heat for the purpose of
converting them previous to their being mixed with the other ingredients to
form the improved composition.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I declare that I claim rendering the composition, or the
lacs or resins forming part thereof, above referred to, less sensitive to the
action of heat, in the manner herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Walton, have hercunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
II. B. BARLOW,
Manchester.
FREDERICK WALTON. (L.S.)