Improvements in Locks.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 4th Nov., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks.
JOSEPH RICHARD PAUL, 11 Corporation Buildings, Farringdon Road, London,
County of Middlesex, Locksmith do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The
My invention relates to improvements in lock bolts with movable talons, adaptable
to locks of every description. The duplex bolt being constructed in two distinct
parts, comprising the main bolt combined with a movable talon at the rear.
movable talon being furnished with a spring working on or against the upper
portion of the main bolt, and a movable pin passing through a hole, slot, or groove,
in the upper part of the main bolt.
When picks or a wrong key are used the movable talon gives way and the
movable pin comes in contact with a stop on the back plate or lock frame thereby
rendering futile any attempt to pick or force the lock, without injury to the lock or
a wrong key used in mistake. I attain this object by the mechanism shown in the
accompanying drawings in which ;
Figure 1 is a plan of lock with the preferred form of duplex bolt, the front
plate and fillet being removed showing the lock unlocked.
Figure 2 a plan of lock with front plate and levers removed, showing the duplex
bolt (locked) with movable talon, having connected pin passing through a spiral
spring into and through the upper part of bolt. In this plan the fillet is shown by
a dotted line.
Figure 3 a plan of lock (locked) with front plate removed and a lever replaced
in position, a wrong key being partly turned to illustrate the action of the duplex
bolt when attempted to be forced by a wrong key.
Figures 4, 5, and 6 are respectively alternative arrangements of duplex bolts.
I prefer and more particularly describe the arrangement shown in Figures 1, 2, 3
as follows. The bolt (a) is connected with a movable talon (C) by means of a pin,
screw, or rivet (d) I prefer the mode of connection last mentioned as being less
liable to get out of adjustment. The back plate (e) of lock is fitted with two
pins (ff) for holt of lock to pass through and one pin (9) passing through a
slot (v) formed in the centre of the bolt in the direction in which the bolt is shot,
this pin (9) where it projects in front of the bolt is surrounded by a collet (h) which
carries the levers (i) the springs (r) of levers having a bearing against the pin (s).
The racking stump (j) being fixed into the bottom of the bolt and into a groove in
the bolt head (k) is more rigid and secure against force than elsewhere.
When the movable talon (C) is forced up by a wrong key or by picks, the
pin (M) rises through the upper part of the bolt at (o) and coming in contact with
stop (1) the further unlocking of the bolt is arrested, as shown in Figure 3, which
illustrates the manner in which a wrong key (p) turning on the drillpin (g) opens
the movable talon (C) and is released without injuring the lock; at the same time
by raising the pin (M) against the stop (!) it arrests the unlocking of the bolt (a).
Figure 2 shows the lock after a wrong key or picks having passed the movable
talon (C). The movable talon (C) of bolt (a) having gone back to its original
position, this being the most approved form of movable talon, and it will be seen
that the space enclosed by the dotted line (t) and the outer edges of the lock is
filled by a solid fillet (t) leaving only sufficient space to admit of the free action of
the bolt, levers, movable talon and key, thus rendering the lock secure against
attempts to force it any way. In attempting to pick a lock it is necessary to use
two picks, one to bear on unlocking talon (C) the other to raise the levers (i). The
pick bearing on unlocking talon (C) of most locks causes a friction between racking

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stump () and levers, when the levers being raised to opening of racking (u) the
racking stump (1) enters; and this being repeated with each lever, the bolt shoots
back and the lock is opened.
Now it will be seen by the construction of my lock that when pressure is brought
to bear on my movable talon (C) and an attempt made to raise the levers (i) the
movable talon (C) yields upwards and the picks or wrong key pass without injuring
the lock in the least. The duplex bolts with movable talons can be used in night
latches, or other spring locks, as well as in dead locks. The spring attached to
movable talon being stronger than the feather springs, will not give before the
pin (M) of movable talon (C) has partly passed the stop (1) when using the
right kev.
Figure 4 is a plan of duplex bolt with both talons (B) and (C) on the movable
part with a similar action to those shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
Figure 5 a plan of duplex bolt with both talons (B) and (C) on the movable part,
the talons sliding through a groove in the main portion of the bolt. In this
modification a wrong key revolves both in locking and unlocking the bolt, both
talons giving way against force. These talons cause a direct stop independently.
Figure 6 a plan of duplex bolt having a similar action to those shown in
Figures 1, 2, and 3 but having a longer leverage to movable talon (C) and a feather
spring in addition to a spiral spring.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;
1. The movable unlocking talon (C) as being a separate and distinct part of the
bolt (a) as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3.
2. The pin (M) and spring (N) attached to and combined with the movable
talon (C) the pin (M) passing through the bolt as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3.
3. The movable talons and attachments as shown in Figure 4.
4. The movable talons and attachments as shown in Figure 5.
5. The movable unlocking talon and attachments as shown in Figure 6.
All substantially as described and illustrated and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 30th day of September 1893.