IMPROVEMENTS IN INDIA- RUBBER VALVES, APPLICABLE TO SHEET WASHERS AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Pegler and Thomas James Watson, of Retford, in
the County of Nottingham, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN INDIA-
RUBBER VALVES, APPLICABLE TO SHEET WASHERS AND OTHER SIMILAR
ARTICLES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Pegler and Thomas
James Watson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th May
1881.
ALFRED PEGLER and THOMAS JAMES WATSON, of Retford, in the County of
Nottingham. "IMPROVEMENTS IN INDIA-RUBBER VALVES, APPLICABLE TO SHEET
WASHERS AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of india
rubber valves applicable to sheet washers and other similar articles, whereby they
are prevented from cracking injuriously, as is the case with the solid india rubber
valves in ordinary use, and it consists mainly in embedding in the rubber strong
pieces of twine, or strands, or shreds of other suitable material, such, for example, as
untwisted flax, strips of manufactured textile, fabrics, wire, wire-gauze, and other
inaterials in such a manner and in such position as to arrest any cracking, whereby
the valve can be rendered inefficient.
The accompanying Sheet of Drawing illustrates the mode of manufacture of, say,
a half inch thick valve embodying our Invention.
Figure 1 showing a sheet of rubber a with pieces of twine b laid upon it in
concentric rings.
Figure 2, a sheet of rubber with pieces of twine b¹ laid upon it radiating from
the central hole c.
Figure 3, a sheet of rubber with concentric rings of twine b, as in Figure 1;
and
Figure 4. a section through a valve.

page_text: The sheet, Figure 2, is placed upon that Figure 1, Figure 3 upon Figure 2, and,
finally, a fourth piece of india rubber is placed over that Figure 3 to hide the twine
and complete the valve.
It will be evident that a cracking developed and radiating from c will be arrested
at once by the smallest of the concentric rings; and a crack developed at any part
of the valve and radiating from the centre will be stopped by one or other of the
concentric rings, while any cracking in a circular direction around the valve will
be arrested by one or other of the pieces of twine b².
We do not propose to limit ourselves to the mode of manufacture above described,
nor to the application of the protective material in concentric rings, as we may use
a continuous strip wound in an open spiral, or otherwise laid.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Alfred Pegler and Thomas James Watson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 18th November 1881.
ALFRED PEGLER and THOMAS JAMES WATSON, of Retford, in the County of
Nottingham. "IMPROVEMENTS IN INDIA-RUBBER VALVES APPLICABLE TO SHEET
WASHERS AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of india-
rubber valves applicable to sheet washers and other similar articles, whereby they
are prevented from cracking injuriously as is the case with the solid india rubber
valves in ordinary use; and it consists mainly in imbedding in the rubber strong
pieces of twine, or strands, or shreds of other suitable material, such, for example,
as untwisted flax, strips of manufactured textile fabrics, wire, wire-gauze, and other
materials in such a manner and in such position as to arrest any cracking whereby
the valve can be rendered inefficient.
The accompanying Sheet of Drawing illustrates the mode of manufacture of, say,
a half inch thick valve embodying our Invention.
Figure 1, shewing a sheet of rubber a with pieces of twine b laid upon it in
concentric rings.
Figure 2, a sheet of rubber with pieces of twine b' laid upon it radiating from
the central hole c.
Figure 3, a sheet of rubber with concentric rings of twine b, as in Figure 1; and
Figure 4, a section through a valve.
The sheet, Figure 2, is placed upon that Figure 1, Figure 3 upon that Figure 2,
and finally a fourth piece of india-rubber is placed over that Figure 3 to hide the
twine and complete the valve.
It will be evident that a cracking developed and radiating from c will be arrested
at once by the smallest of the concentric rings; and a crack developed at any part
of the valve and radiating from the centre will be stopped by one or other of the
concentric rings, while any cracking in a circular direction around the valve will
be arrested by one or other of the pieces of twine b².
We do not propose to limit ourselves to the mode of manufacture above described,
nor to the application of the protective material in concentric rings, as we may use
a continuous strip wound in an open spiral, or otherwise laid, as illustrated in
Figure 5.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is or may be performed,-
We claim as secured to us by the herein before in part recited Letters Patent,―
The application to india-rubber valves, such as sheet washers and other similar
articles, of strands, threads, or shreds of twine, wire, or any suitable fibrous textile,
metallic, or other material, substantially as and for the purposes hercinbefore
specified.
In witness whereof, we, the said Alfred Pegler and Thomas James Watson,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Sixteenth day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one
Witness,
STEPHEN FRANCIS PEGLER.
ALFRED PEGLER.
(L.S.)
THOMAS JAMES WATSON. (L.S.)