Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Spinning and Doubling Cotton and other Fibrous Substances.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Nov., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 27th Aug., 1898-Accepted, 1st Oct., 1898
Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Spinning and Doubling
Cotton and other Fibrous Substances.
We, THOMAS ASHWORTH, of Lynwood, Urmston, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, JOSEPH SHAW GAUNT, of Cromford Court, Yarn Merchant, and
GEORGE ANDREW ROBINSON, of 10, St. James' Square, Accountant, both of
Manchester, in the said County, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for the formation of cops of yarn upon
bare spindles (or on tubes fitted thereon), and consists of improvements upon
the mechanism for which Letters Patent for Great Britain No. 20,496 dated
October 26th, 1894, were granted to the said Thomas Ashworth and the objects
of this invention are, 1st, to improve the action of the brake upon the spindle,
secondly to improve the bearing for the short tubular flyer, thirdly to improve
the footstep for carrying the spindle, and fourthly to prevent the spindles from
being lifted when dofing the cops.
First. Near to the fixed rail which carries the tubular flyers we mount a shaft
carried by suitable bearings and to this shaft we give a rocking motion at the
required speed hereinafter explained, and to the lower part of the bolster we
fix, opposite to each spindle, a light frame hanging on pivots and carrying a
short band or tuft of cotton or other suitable material, saturated with lubricating
oil, which bears against the spindle with varying degrees of pressure so as to
act both as a brake and a lubricant. We also fix upon this shaft a series of
arms carrying longitudinal wires. Above these wires are a series of light wire
levers hung on the pivots and carried by the hanging frames before mentioned,
and as the rocking shaft oscillates these light wire levers raise the wires and
cause them to act upon the light hanging frames and cause the bands or tufts of
fibrous material to act as a brake upon the side of the spindle. Upon these light
wire levers or the hanging frame before mentioned one end of a chain is hooked,
which is allowed to hang down in a loop, its other end being attached to a stud
upon a shaft or bar above. The weight of this chain acting upon the light wire
levers or on the frame causes the band or tuft of fibrous material to put a more
or less strong "drag" on the side of the spindle.
This drag may be regulated as may be required by turning the upper shaft
or bar round by hand, so as to wind or unwind the chain onto or from it, thus
shortening or lengthening the hanging portion and of course correspondingly
altering the weight, and the amount of "drag" upon the spindle.
The rocking motion which is given to the shaft as before mentioned is so regu-
ated that the greatest "drag" is applied to the spindles at the moment when
the yarn is being wound onto the largest diameter of the cop, and is gradually
withdrawn as it reaches the smaller diameter so that the "drag
is always pro-
bortioned to the pull of the spindles.
"

page_text: Secondly, to improve the bearing for the short tubular flyer we fix in place
of the long collar which forms part of the bolster, a tube of steel or hard brass,
and from the centre upwards we reduce the diameter thereof so as to make a
shoulder about midway thereon, and upon this we place (so as not to revolve
thereon) a tubular shell and we bore out the inside of this shell in a corresponding
manner so that the inner shoulder shall rest upon the shoulder of the fixed
steel or brass collar, and we bore out the lower part of the tubular shell a little
larger so that the is a loose fit round the lower part of the fixed collar, and
hence the tubular shell can oscillate in a very slight degree to accommodate
itself to any vibration caused by unevenness of "pull" but will always imme-
diately return automatically into its true vertical position.
Thirdly, the footstep is made a loose fit in its hole in the rail, but is prevented
from turning round therein by a pin. It is provided with a flange above the
rail, which rests upon the latter and the underside of this flange is cut or bevilled
away gradually at the back, so that the action of gravitation will cause the
footstep to have a constant tendency to fall forwards at the bottom.
This method of constructing and arranging the footstep gives the same freedom
of action to the spindle as is afforded the flyer, but allows the spindle always
to gravitate automatically into its true vertical position, and by thus constructing
the bearings of the spindle and flyer we are enabled to drive the frame at very
high velocities with no perceptible vibration.
Fourthly to prevent the spindles from being lifted when doffing the cops,
we provide each spindle above the footstep with a light collar or flange, and we
have a rail mounted just above these flanges in the front of which rail we cut
out a notch opposite to each spindle, sufficiently large to allow the spindles to
be removed and replaced when desired.
This notched rail is mounted in such a manner that it can slide a short distance
either to the right or to the left, and when it is desired to doff the finished cops
it is to be moved by hand so as to bring one side of the notch over the flange of
each spindle.
We then wind down the footstep or lifting rail carrying all the spindles with
it and leaving all the cops in the cups of the flyers, and when the cops have all
heen doffed and the frame is set in motion again the notched rail is moved into
its original position leaving each spindle free to be raised up if required.
Dated this 20th day of Navahon 100%
GEO. DAVIES & SON.
Agents for the Applicants,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester.
Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Spinning and Doubling
Cotton and other Fibrous Substances.
We, THOMAS ASHWORTII, of Lynwood, Ermiston, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, and JOSEPH SITAW GAUNT, of Cromford Court, Yarn Merchant, and
GEORGE ANDREW ROBINSON, of 10, St. James' Square, Accountant, both of
Manchester, in the said County, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement: --
This invention relates to apparatus for the formation of cops of yarn upon
bare spindles (or upon tubes fitted thereon) and consists of improvements upon

page_text: the mechanism for which Letters Patent for Great Britain, No. 20,496, dated
October 26th, 1894, were granted to the said Thomas Ashworth, and the objects
of this invention are first to improve the action of the brake upon the spindle,
secondly to improve the bearing for the short tubular flyer, thirdly to improve
the footstep for carrying the spindle, and, fourthly to prevent the spindles from
being lifted when doffing the cops.
The manner of carrying the said invention into practical effect will be readily
understood on reference to the two sheets of drawings hereunto annexed and the
following explanation thereof.
On Sheet 1 of the drawings Fig. 1 is a vertical section and Fig. 2 a front
elevation of so much of a spinning frame as is necessary to illustrate the applica-
tion of the first and third parts of the present invention thereto. Figs. 3, 34,
and 3 are detached plan views of the spindle rail showing the application of the
third part of the invention thereto.
On Sheet 2 of the drawings. Fig. 4 is a vertical section (on a larger scale)
showing principally the second part of the invention.
Figs. 5 and 6 are section and plan view of the improved spindle brake, and
Figs. 4 and 4 are detached views of the brake frame hereinafter more par-
ticularly referred to.
a is part of the main frame; b the fixed rail which carries the tubular flyers, c;
d the spindle rail, and e the spindle.
First Near to the fixed rail b which carries the tubular flyers c we mount
a shaft carried by suitable bearings, and to this shaft f we impart a rocking
motion (from any suitable moving part of the frame) at the required speed as
hereinafter explained, and to the lower part of the bolster 7 we fix, opposite to
each spindle (see Figs. 4, 5 and 6 Sheet 2) a light frame h hanging on pivots i
and carrying either a short band or tuft k (as shown at Figs. 4 and 5) or a roll 7
as shown at Fig. 4ª, of cotton or other suitable material saturated with lubricating
oil, which bears against the spindle e with varying degrees of pressure so as
to act both as a brake and a lubricant.
We also fix upon this shaft of a series of arms m carrying longitudinal wires n
(see Figs. 5 and 6). Above these arms m and resting upon the wires n are
a series of light wire levers o which are hung on the pivots i, being supported
by the wires and bearing on the horizontal finger h forming a portion of the
brake frame h. The wire levers o may be made in one piece, but we prefer to
make them of two pieces of wire o and 'o' linked together as shown, and as the
rocking shaft f oscillates the wire raises and lowers these light levers o o¹.
and causes them to act upon the brake frames h and cause the tufts or rolls kl
of fibrous material to act as a brake with varying pressure against the back of the
spindles, and also to lubricate the same.
"
To each of these light wire levers is attached one end of a chain which
is allowed to hang down in a loop (as shown by the dotted lines at Fig. 5) its
other end being attached by a stud g to a shaft or har r above. The weight
of this chain acting upon the wire levers o causes the band or tuft k or lof
fibrous material to put a more or less strong drag. on the spindle c, and the
amount of this "drag" may be regulated as may be required by turning the
upper shaft or har round by hand or otherwise, so as to wind or unwind the
chain onto or from it, thus shortening or lengthening the hanging portion
or loop and of course correspondingly altering the weight and the amount of
drag upon the spindle e.
"
.
The rocking motion which is given to the shaft f as before mentioned is so
regulated that the greatest drag" is applied to the spindles at the moment
when the yarn is heing wound on the largest diameter of the cop, and is gradually
diminished as it reaches the smallest diameter so that the " drag" is always
proportioned to the "pull" of the yarn on the spindles.
Secondly, to improve the hearing for the short tubular flyer c we fix in place
of the long collar which forms part of the bolster a tube of steel or hard brass g³,

page_text: and from the centre upwards we reduce the diameter thereof so as to make a
shoulder g about midway thereon, and upon this we place (but so as not to
revolve thereon) a tubular shells and we lore out the inside of this shell in a
corresponding manner so that the inner shoulder thereof shall rest upon the
shoulder g of the fixed steel or brass collar g' and we bore out the upper and
lower part slightly conical (as seen at Fig. 4) so that the shells is a loose fit
towards the upper and lower ends round the fixed collar g' and hence the tubular
shells can oscillate in a very slight degree to accommodate itself to any vibra-
tion caused by unevenness of pull," but will always immediately return
automatically into its true vertical position.
".
The lower end of the shells is formed with a shoulder which supports the
short tubular flyer and the shells is prevented from revolving by means of a
fixed pins which takes into a notch cut in the bottom of the shell.
Thirdly The footstep (see Fig. 4) is made a loose fit in its hole in the rail d,
but is prevented from turning round therein by a pin or other suitable device.
It is provided with a flange above the rail which rests upon the latter, and
the underside of this flange is cut or bevilled away gradually at the back so that
the action of gravitation will cause the footstep to have a constant tendency to
fall forwards at the bottom as shown.
This method of constructing and arranging the footstep gives the same freedom
of action to the spindle e as is afforded to the flyer but allows the spindle
always to gravitate automatically into its true vertical position and by thus con-
structing and arranging the bearings of the spindle and flyer we are enabled
to drive the frame at very high velocities with no perceptible vibration.
Fourthly to prevent the spindle from being lifted when doffing the cops we
provide each spindle e above the footstep with a light Hange or shoulder ex
(see Fig. 4) and we have a rail a mounted just above these shoulders in the front
of which we cut a notch opposite to each spindle (see plan view Fig. 3) sufficiently
large to allow the spindles to be removed and replaced when desired.
This notched rail is mounted on the spindle rail in such a manner that
it can slide a short distance either to the right or to the left, and when it is
desired to doff the finished cops it is to be moved by hand so as to bring one
side of the notch over the flange or shoulder of each spindle. We then can wind
down the spindle or lifting rail d carrying all the spindles e with it and leaving
all the cops in the cups of the tubular flyers and when the cops have all been
doffed and the frame is set in motion again the notched rail is moved into its
original position leaving each spindle free to be raised up if required.
Fig. 3 shows a double notched rail and Fig. 3" a rail with keyhole shaped
notches which will answer the same purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is: -
First. The combination with each spindle and light hanging brake frame,
weighting levers, and lifting wires, of a chain for differentially adjusting the
weight, applied substantially as hereinbefore described.
Secondly. The combination with a tubular flyer formed or fitted with a cup
or trumpet shaped mouth at the top, of a long collar of steel or hard brass fixed
in the holster and provided with a shoulder on the outside, carrying a loose
shell formed with a corresponding shoulder on the inside, the spindle running
clear inside the fixed tube, and the shell hanging loosely on the shoulder, and 5
supporting the tubular flyer so that it can rock slightly but cannot revolve
thereon, thus forming an automatic self-adjusting hearing to the spindle and
flyer substantially as hereinbefore described.
Thirdly. The construction of a footstep for spindles so made that it is a loose
fit in the hole in the spindle rail, but cannot turn therein, and provided with a 5
flange or shoulder at the top resting upon the said rail, the under side of

page_text: such flange being cut or bevilled away gradually towards the back so that the
action of gravitation will cause the said footstep to have a constant tendency to
fall forwards at the bottom substantially as hereinbefore described.
Fourthly. In combination with spindles formed or provided with a flange or
shoulder at or near the bottom, a rail made with notches or holes projecting
just above the said flanges or shoulders, such rail being so mounted as to be
capable of being moved endwise so as to bring one edge of the notches above
the shoulders or flanges of all the spindles so as to prevent the spindles from
being lifted whilst doffing the cops substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated this 26th day of August 1898
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
Agents for the Applicants,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester.