IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO ENGINES AND BOILERS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Winstanley, of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
APPLICABLE TO ENGINES AND BOILERS."
.
⋅
Sealed the 15th September 1871, and dated the 22nd March 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Winstanley
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 22nd March 1871.
I, WILLIAM WINSTANLEY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO ENGINES AND BOILERS," to be as follows (that
is to say):-
The first part of the Invention relates to certain improvements in
reversing gear for engines and is peculiarly applicable to steam
winches, marine, locomotive, and other engines requiring instant
stoppage or immediate change in the direction of motion.
The second part relates to an improved construction of steam
generaters.

page_text: In applying the improved reversing gear, the eccentric which goverrns
the valves of the steam ports of the cylinder is mounted loosely on the
driving shaft, and is held in any required position by means of pin
or other teeth on the periphery of a quadrant which works on a fixed
axis on the driving shaft; the quadrant is actuated and held in position
by a bolt or bar, sliding within a longitudinal groove cut in the side
of the driving shaft one end of which sliding bar is turned up and
passes through a slot in the quadrant on one side of its axis, so that
upon the sliding bar being advanced or withdrawn within its groove
the desired motion is given to the quadrant which throws the eccentric
into the required position. The reverse end of the sliding bar is con-
nected to a sliding collar on the outer side of which an annular groove
is cut to receive the ends of or the studs on the ends of a forked lever or
a garter piece on the end of a transverse lever, by which means the
eccentric may be placed in any position during any portion of the
revolution of the shaft.
In lieu of the quadrant motion a crank with one end working in
a slot in the side of the eccentric, and the other end coupled to the
sliding bar above described may be used, or a modification of this
movement may be made by arranging the eccentric so as to slide across
the axis of the shaft in place of turning upon it.
The improved boiler may consist of any convenient number of water
chambers, the first of which immediately above the furnace is constructed
by attaching together by their outer edges with bolts and nuts, or in any
other convenient way, two circular dished or hollow plates, the upper
of which represents a convex surface, and the lower an external concave
surface, thus forming a shallow water space which is attached to a
second water space, resembling the first, by means of any convenient
number of water tubes. Any number of these shallow water spaces
may be used, the upper one being connected with a water and steam
space by tubes, and through the body of which water and steam space
the smoke tubes may, if necessary, pass into the take-up of the chimney.
The
space between the shallow water chambers, also the space between
the upper shallow water chamber and the water and steam chamber at
the top, may be surrounded or enclosed by suitably shaped water heaters,
or they may be simply enclosed with brickwork or fire-clay lumps or with
metal, a provision being made for the admission of the requisite quantity
of atmospheric air to ensure the more perfect combustion of the gases.

page_text: This arrangement of the steam generator may be modified in several
ways; in place of using circular dished plates, forming the shallow
water spaces as described, both their hollow sides may be internal and
the said dished plates may be of various forms within their flanges,
such as truncated cones, horizontal sections of spheres, or other con-
venient forms. Or in place of constructing the water spaces circular,
they may be rectangular in plan and an invert or arc in vertical.
elevation and section, or other convenient form, arranged one above
another so as to form a zig-zag flue between the several tiers, the water
spaces being connected together by water tubes as described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Winstanley in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd September 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM.
WINSTANLEY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in
the thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said William Winstanley, Her
special license that I, the said William Winstanley, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Winstanley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO ENGINES AND BOILERS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Winstanley,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Winstanley, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
The first part of this my said Invention relates to certain improve-
ments in reversing gear for engines, and is peculiarly applicable to
steam winches, marine, locomotive, and other engines requiring imme-
diate change in the direction (or instant stoppage) of motion.
Secondly. To improvements in the construction of steam generators.
In applying the improved reversing gear the eccentric which governs
the valves of the steam ports of the cylinder I mounted loosely on the
driving shaft, and hold in any required position by means of a pin or
other teeth on the periphery of a quadrant which works on a fixed axis
on the driving shaft. The quadrant I actuated and hold in position by
a bolt or bar sliding within a longitudinal groove cut in the side of the
driving shaft, one end of which sliding bar I turned up and passed
through a slot in the quadrant on one side of its axis, so that upon
the sliding bar being advanced or withdrawn within its groove the desired
motion is imparted to the quadrant which throws the eccentric into the
required position. The reverso end of the sliding bar is connected to
a sliding collar, on the outer side of which an annular groove is cut
to receive the end of or studs on the ends of a forked lever, or a garter
piece on the end of a transverse lever by which means the eccentric
may be placed in any position during any portion of the revolution of
the shaft.
In lieu of the quadrant motion a crank with one end working in
a slot in the side of the eccentric and the other end coupled to the
sliding bar above described may be used.
My improved boiler consists of any convenient number of water
chambers, the first of which is arranged above the furnace constructed
by attaching together by their outer edges with bolts and nuts, or in
any other convenient way, two circular dished plates, the upper of which
represents a convex surface and the lower an external concave surface,
thus forming a shallow water space which is attached to a second water
space resembling the first, by means of any convenient number of
water tubes. Any number of these shallow water spaces may be used,
the upper one being connected with a water and steam space by water
tubes, and through the body of which water and steam space the smoke

page_text: tubes may, if necessary, pass into the take-up of the chimney. The
space between the shallow water chambers, also the space between the
upper shallow water chamber and the water and steam chamber at the
top may be surrounded or enclosed by suitably-shapped water heaters,
or they may be simply enclosed with brickwork, or fire-clay lumps, or
with metal, a provision being made for the admission of the requisite
quantity of atmospheric air to ensure the most perfect combustion of
the gasses.
This arrangement of steam generator may be modified in several ways;
in place of using circular dished plates, forming the shallow water spaces
as described, both their hollow sides may be internal and the said
dishes plates may be of various forms within their flanges, such as
truncated cones or horizontal section of a sphears or other convenient
form. Or in place of constructing the water spaces circular they may
be rectangular in plan and an invert or segment of an arch in vertical
end elevation and section, or other convenient form arranged so as to
form a zig-zag flue between the several tiers. The water spaces being
connected together by water tubes as described.
The Drawing hereunto annexed exhibit so much of several modifi-
cations of my Invention as will enable those skilled in the art to carry
the same into practical effect, like letters and figures marked on the
Drawings being used to denote similar parts.
Figure 1 is a general view of so much of one modification of my
reversing gear as is necessary to illustrate its practical application; and
Figure 2 shows a cross section of the same from A, B, Figure 1.
A is a disc keyed on to B, the engine shaft, on the face of which is
fitted C, a slide piece, which is actuated by D, a tooth quadrant
swivelling on e and moved by F through f; f, a stud piece connected
with the sliding bar F which is attached to G, a sliding collar, which is
operated by a clutch lever as well understood; H valve rods.
Figure 3, modification of the same, wherein a bell crank K is shown
substituted for the tooth quadrant D, Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of one of my improved steam
generators, which consists of a cylindrical outer casing enclosed the
hollow disc-shaped water vessels with their connecting pipes and vertical
flue pipes; L, external caseing; M, water and steam chambers; N,
furnace; p, fire-tubes passing through the water steam chambers M
into Q, fire or combustion boxes.

page_text: Figure 5 is a vertical sectional elevation of another modification of
the same surrounded by an outer caseing allowing a water space with
opening in the centre to allow the circulation of water in which the
fire or combination boxes Q are perforated in the centre for connecting
the water charge in lieu of the pipes shown on Figure 4.
Figure 6 is a partial section of Figure 8 from X to X, showing an
oval water space with R, cast metal thrust stays, which are tightened
by a wedge key, and Figure 7 is a top view of the thrust stay.
Figure 8 is a partial section of a portion of one of my improved com-
pound boilers showing an arrangement for enabling the end plates to
be readily removed and the method of surrounding the attaching bolts
with water to protect them from the action of the fire. S, flue; T, water
space encompassing flue, and which is enclosed at the ends by U, closing
plate, into which is tapped V, cylindrical tubes, the inner ends of which
are screwed into the plate U, and the outer ends are flanged inwards
to receive the nut on the end of W, T-headed bolts, the heads of which
abut on to Y, and Y1 annular rings of angle iron, one of which
encompasses the flue tube and the other runs round the inside of the
water shell, and which angle. iron rings are faced up to receive the
cuclosing plate U.
Figure 9 is a modification of Figure 8, in which the cylindrical tubes
surrounding the bolts is dispensed with, for which is substituted Z, a
hollow nut.
Figure 10, sectional elevation of one of my improved boilers arranged
for zig-zag draught, as herein-before described, which in reference
thereto will be readily understood. J,, steam chest, and Figure 11 is
an end elevation of the same with the brickwork removed.
Figure 12 is a transverse sectional elevation of another modification
of my improved compound steam boiler, in which the horizontal water
spaces are of an oval form stayed vertically connected together by
flange pipes, and through each of which water spaces is shown a double
fluc, and Figure 13 is a longitudinal section of the same.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of this my
said Invention and the best means I am acquainted with for carrying
my improvement into effect, I wish to be understood that I do not
wish to confine myself to the relative proportions or dimensions laid
down in the annexed Drawings as it will be readily seen that the same

page_text: may be considerably varied without departing from the Invention, but
what I claim is,―
Firstly. The general construction, arrangement, and combination of
the several parts of the reversing gear herein-before described and set
forth.
And lastly. The peculiar arrangement, construction, and combination
of the several parts forming the improved steam generator substantially
in the manner herein-before set forth, described, and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Winstanley, have hereunto
set my hand and affixed my seal, this Twenty-first day of
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-one.
Witness,
WILLIAM WAlker,
of 44, Castle Street,
Liverpool.
WILLIAM WINSTANLEY. (L.S.)