Improvements in Apparatus for Burning Liquid Fuel and the Appli- cation thereof to Heating Furnaces or for other Heating Purposes.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Mar., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 10th Jan., 1899-Accepted, 18th Feb., 1899
Improvements in Apparatus for Burning Liquid Fuel and the Appli-
cation thereof to Heating Furnaces or for other Heating Purposes.
We, GEORGES DE ROUSSY DE SALES, and ANTOINE CILARBONNEL, both of 133,
Cours-Gambetta, Lyon, (Rhône), in the Republic of France, Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has for its object to provide means whereby intense heat can be
produced from the combustion of liquid fuel and utilized in heating furnaces or
for other purposes.
An apparatus constructed according to our invention comprises an apparatus
for distributing the liquid fuel (such for example as tar, heavy hydrocarbon oils
and the like) and a pulverising apparatus and what may be termed a burner for
applying the heat to the furnace or the like to be heated.
The following is an apparatus according to our invention applied to the heating
of a furnace.
. We
We employ a tank for containing the liquid fuel which fuel may if desired be
heated by means of a steam coil and in this tank the said liquid fuel may be
freed from any water that may be therein. The liquid fuel passes at the desired
rate through a tap the opening of which is regulated by a screw valve. A funnel
receives the liquid fuel passing out by the tap the nozzle of which enters the
mouth of a pipe of greater diameter than the said nozzle and by moving the said
nozzle to a greater or less extent in this pipe the extent of passage-way between
the nozzle and the mouth of the pipe can be adjusted. The said pipe is in com-
munication with the suction pipe of a centrifugal pump which is worked by any
suitable motor by means of a belt or otherwise. The action of the pump draws
air in through the space between the nozzle and the mouth of the pipe with suffi-
cient force to pulverize the liquid fuel passing out of the nozzle so that the outlet
pipe from the pump is traversed by a completely intermixed charge of air and
pulverized fuel.
The fuel may be gasified on its passage through the heated conduits and the
speed of the pump is regulated so as to insure the mixture being ejected with suffi-
cient speed to avoid the charring of the liquid fuel.
The motor which imparts motion to the pump also actuates, through another
belt a blowing apparatus of any suitable kind which passes air through a pipe
into an annular chamber.
This air before entering the said chamber may be passed through a heater of
any suitable kind placed in the course of the pipe so as if required to heat the
air before it passes into the said chamber. The air passed into the chamber then
passes through a circular series of openings into a central chamber into which the
nozzle at the end of the outlet pipe supplying the liquid fuel passes. We preferably
bend the said nozzle so as to make its end open before one of the openings from
the annular chamber so that the mixed fuel and air issuing from the said nozzle
is opposite the jet of air projected through this opening and the current of mixed
fuel and air meets the air current at the most favourable angle, the onnosed
currents nearly equilibrating each other. When the mixed fuel and air is ignited

page_text: in the central chamber the flame is projected through the said chamber by the
powerful currents of air passing through the openings from the annular chamber.
The flame thus obtained is of very high temperature the qualities of which as
well as the temperature and the pressure of the air passed in by the blowing
apparatus can be adjusted by regulating the proportion of air and liquid fuel
drawn in by the pump.
The said tame enters the furnace on the hearth of which is the substance to be
treated or on which is placed the crucible if such be used.
The products of combustion escape through flues to the chimney passing on
their way if desired through the heater for the air passing up from the blowing
apparatus into the annular chamber.
In
Our invention may be applied to any form of furnace for example, the furnace
instead of being a hearth furnace may be a revolving furnace which allows of the
materials being run off through a discharge opening or gate after treatment.
this case the materials may be submitted to two jets of flame ejected as described
from both ends of the furnace through the two trunnions. Or the melting in a
crucible may be effected in an ordinary reverberatory furnace by introducing the
flame laterally.
Our apparatus is worked as follows; —
The tank is filled with the liquid fuel and if necessary steam is passed through
the heating coil to bring the fuel to a condition to How through the tap, the
quantity passing being regulated by ruising or lowering the valve, and the funnel
being raised or lowered in the mouth of the pipe so as to adjust the amount of air
drawn in with the liquid fuel by the pump so as to proportion them to give perfect
combustion. The blowing apparatus forces heated or unheated air into the cham-
ber and the mixture issuing from the end of the nozzle is ignited. This may be
done by any convenient means for example by incandescent charcoal. The flame
can be regulated by adjusting the aforesaid valve and the funnel and the tem-
perature can be modified by altering the speed of the pump, and by regulating by
means of dampers the quantity and the pressure of the air sent through the blow-
ing apparatus.
The invention is applicable to all metallurgical and other operations in which
the substances to be treated require to be subjected to high temperatures. The
said substances may be either in a powdered or in an agglomerated condition.
We do not limit ourselves to the forms of furnaces which we have described by
way of example, our invention consisting more especially in the arrangements
for passing pulverized fuel and air to the burner as described and these may be
combined with a furnace of any kind or other apparatus or means for the utiliza-
tion of the heat obtained.
"
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in Apparatus for Burning Liquid Fuel, and the Appli-
cation thereof to Heating Furnaces or for other Heating Purposes.
We, GEORGES DE ROUSSY DE SALES, and ANTOINE CHARBONNEL, both of 133,
Cours-Gambetta, Lyon (Rhône), in the Republic of France, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
-
Our invention has for its object to provide means whereby intense heat can be

page_text: produced from the combustion of liquid fuel and utilized in heating furnaces or
for other purposes.
An apparatus constructed according to our invention comprises an apparatus
for distributing the liquid fuel (such for example as tar, heavy hydrocarbon oils
and the like) and a pulverising apparatus and what may be termed a burner for
applying the heat to the furnace or the like to be heated.
We will describe our invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of an apparatus constructed according to our
invention applied to the heating of a furnace.
Figure 2 is a transverse section taken on the line A-B (Figure 1).
Figure 3 shews another form of furnace to which our invention is applied, and
Figure 4 is a transverse section thereof.
1 represents a tank for containing the liquid fuel which fuel may if desired be
heated by means of a steam coil 2 and in this tank the said liquid fuel may be
freed from any water that may be therein. The liquid fuel passes at the desired
rate through a tap 3, the opening, of which is regulated by a screw valve 4.
5 is a funnel which receives the liquid fuel passing out by the tap 3, the nozzle 7
of which enters the mouth of a pipe 6 of greater diameter than the said nozzle
and by moving the said nozzle to a greater or less extent in this pipe, the extent
of passage-way between the nozzle and the mouth of the pipe can be adjusted.
The pipe 6 is in communication with the suction pipe 8 of a centrifugal pump 9
which is worked by any suitable motor by means of a belt 10 or otherwise. The
action of the pump 9 draws air in through the space between the nozzle 7 and
the mouth of the pipe 6 (as indicated by the arrows 11) with sufficient force to
pulverize the liquid fuel passing out of the nozzle i so that the outlet pipe 12
from the pump is traversed by a completely intermixed charge of air and pul-
verized fuel.
The fuel may be gasified on its passage through heated conduits and the speed
of the pump is regulated so as to ensure the mixture being ejected with sufficient
speed to avoid the charring of the liquid fuel.
The motor which imparts motion to the pump 9 also actuates, through a belt 13,
a blowing apparatus 14, of any suitable kind, which passes air through the
pipe 15 into the annular chamber 16.
This air before entering the said chamber may be passed through a heater of
any suitable kind placed in the course of the pipe lo so as if required to heat
the air before it passes into the said chamber. The air passed into the chamber 16
then passes through a circular series of openings 17 into a central combustion
chamber 18 into which the nozzle 19 at the end of the tube 12 passes, constitut-
ing the burner.
We preferably bend the said nozzle 19 so as to make its end open before one of
the openings 17, so that the mixture of fuel and air issuing from the said nozzle 19
is opposite the jet of air projected through this opening 17 and the current of
mixed fuel and air meets the air current at the most favourable angle, the opposed
currents nearly equilibrating each other.
When the mixed fuel and air are ignited in the chamber 18, the flame is pro
jected through the said combustion chamber 18 by the powerful currents of air
passing through the openings 17. The flame thus obtained is of very high tem
perature the qualities of which as well as the temperature and the pressure of
the air passed in by the blowing apparatus 14 can be adjusted by regulating the
proportion of air and liquid fuel drawn in by the pump 9.
The said flame enters the furnace, on the hearth 25 on which is the substance
to be treated as shewn at 23 or on which is placed the crucible if such be used
24 represents the furnace lining; 26 is the feed orifice; and 27 the tap hole.
The products of combustion escape through flues 21, 22, to the chimney passing
on their way if desired through heaters placed in the course of the pipes 12 & 15
for heating the fuel and air passing therethrough if so desired.

page_text: Our invention may be applied to any form of furnace for example in the modi-
fied arrangement shewn in Figures 3 and 4, the furnace instead of being a hearth
furnace, is a revolving furnace which allows of the materials being run off
through a discharge opening or gate, after treatment. In this case, the materials
may be submitted to two jets of flame ejected as described from both ends of the
furnace through the two trunnions.
Or the melting in a crucible may be effected in an ordinary reverberatory
furnace by introducing the flame laterally. In these Figures 3 and 4 the same
figures desiguate the parts which correspond with those shown in Figures 1 and 2,
12 being the pipe for introducing the air and pulverised fuel; and 18, the com-
bustion chamber which receives the mixture and the air from the apparatus 14
the flame being ejected in the direction of the axis of the furnace; 20 are be
refractory walls of this chamber 18.
Our apparatus is worked as follows:--
The tank 1 is filled with the liquid fuel and if necessary steam is passed through
the coil 2 to bring the fuel to a condition to flow through the tap 3, the quantity
pussing being regulated by raising or lowering the valve 4, and the funnel 5,
being raised or lowered in the mouth of the pipe 6 so as to adjust the amount of
air drawn in with the liquid fuel by the pump 9, so as to proportion them to give
perfect combustion. The blowing apparatus 14 forces heated or unheated air
into the chamber 16, and the mixture issuing from the end of the nozzle 19 is
ignited in the combustion chamber 18. This may be done by any convenient
means for example by incandescent charcoal. The flame can be regulated by adjust-
ing the valve 4 and the funnel 5 as aforesaid, and the temperature can be modi-
fied by altering the speed of the pump 9, and, by regulating by means of dampers
the quantity and the pressure of the air sent through the blowing apparatus 14
The invention is applicable to all metallurgical and other operations in which
the substances to be treated require to be subjected to high temperatures.
said substances may be either in a powdered or in an agglomerated condition.
We do not limit ourselves to the forms of furnaces which we have shewn by
way of example, our invention consisting more especially in the arrangements
for passing pulverized fuel and air to the burner as described and these may be
combined with a furnace of any kind or other apparatus or means for the utilisa-
tion of the heat obtained.
The
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:—
1. Apparatus tor burning tar, heavy oils or other liquid fuel, consisting of a
distributing device or the uel a centrifugal pump for pulverizing the
fuel and injecting it by means ut, and together with, air into 3
burner consisting of nozzle entering
al
Ɑ chamber into which air is
also injected through openings substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. A furnace provided with means for heating by the combustion of a mixture
of air and liquid fuel and means for injecting the mixture into a combustion
chamber and passing the products of combustion into the furnace substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
January 1.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.