Improvements in Steam Boilers.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 9th July, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 17th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 20th May, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
JOHN WILD Jenkin Hall, Chadderton Fold, Royton, Lancashire, Foreman
Boiler-maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
My invention consists of an improved steam boiler and the brick-work setting of
the same, specially suitable for high pressures; and while it may be used for either
land or marine purposes, it is intended to replace the ordinary horizontal
"Lancashire" type of boiler at present used for land purposes.
The boiler consists of three spherical shells suitably placed. First, there is an
outer spherical shell or boiler proper, placed on suitable brick-work hereafter
described. Inside this shell is placed a smaller inner spherical shell, which acts as
a fire-box and which is suitably connected to the outer spherical shell by connec-
tion-tubes hereafter described. Mounted on the top of the outer shell by suitable
connection piece or pieces, is the third shell and this sphère is usually much smaller
than either the fire-box or the boiler proper, and it acts the part of a steam
receiver.
The fire-box or inner spherical shell is not placed concentric with the outer
spherical shell, but is preferably placed a few inches below, and a few inches in
front, of the vertical and horizontal planes passing through the centre of the boiler
proper. The space between those two spheres is thus unequal; and it is narrowest
at one side and at the bottom of the boiler. At this narrowest side, and connecting
the two spheres, is placed a large oval tube which forms the passage from the fire-
door into the furnace. The fire-bars are placed about the centre of the spherical.
fire-box and extend horizontally from the fire-door connection, about two-thirds
back, and terminate there in a short brick bridge-wall. The back part of the inner
spherical fire-box behind the bridge wall, and that part of the outer spherical shell
immediately adjacent, are connected together by a number of smoke tubes. These
tubes are arranged preferably radiating from the centre of the boiler proper, and
they may be of any suitable shape or section. At the bottom of the fire-box and
connecting the bottom of the two spheres is a short tube of large size, and of round
or oval section, which opens out into the ashpit.
On the top
The steam receiver or third spherical shell is simply a plain sphere mounted by
an ordinary manhole connecting piece on the top of the boiler proper.
of this steam receiver is fixed the steam feed valve.
The brick-work setting of the boiler, I propose to adopt is briefly as follows.
The smoke tubes connecting the back of the spherical fire-box with the back of the
outer sphere or boiler proper; open out into a space of approximately one fourth
the total area of the surface of the outer shell; and this space, terminates on the
top side, a little above the horizontal plane passing through the centre of the boiler
proper, and on the bottom side, a little behind the vertical plane passing through
the same centre. Round the opening, into the ash-pit, at the bottom of the shell,
is built a substantial brick pillar, and this pillar has a short flue from one side
leading to the front of the boiler; through which the ashes are taken and air is
admitted to support combustion. The boiler primarily rests on this pillar, but it is
also supported by brackets rivetted to the outer shell at short distances from each
other; the other end of these brackets resting on the hollow spherical brick-work
hereafter described. Enwrapping about two-thirds of the outer shell or boiler
and at a suitable distance from it to allow of the circulation of the hot
gases, is a brick-work structure whose interior is of spherical conformation. Thus,
the space between the brick-work and the outer sphere is of spherical annular
proper,

page_text: section. This spherical annular space is divided into two spaces by a brick-work
diaphragm, which passes, approximately, at an angle of forty-five degrees to the
horizontal, round the sphere; the top side of the diaphragm being at the back of
the boiler and immediately over the top of the space, where the smoke-tubes open
into as herein-before described, and the bottom side of the diaphragm a little
underneath the fire-door connection. This diaphragm has two flue holes or perfora-
tions on the bottom side near the fire-door, and these holes form the only connection
from the one, part spherical annular space, to the other, part spherical annular
space, above. The action of the hot gases circulating in these spaces is briefly as
follows. After passing over the bridge wall and through the smoke tubes they are
deflected by the diaphragm to enwrap the under and back portion of the sphere,
and to pass downwards towards the front, where they pass through the openings in
the diaphragm near the fire-door, up into the top, part spherical annular space.
Then they pass back round the top portion of the boiler and up into the flues
leading to the chimney.
Dated this Counth of 1000
JOHN WILD.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
I, JOHN WILD, Boilermaker, of Jenkin Hail, Chadderton Fold, Chadderton,
in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists of an improved steam boiler (and brick work setting for
the same) specially suitable for high pressures, and while it may be used for either
land or marine purposes, it is intended principally to replace the ordinary horizontal
"Lancashire" type of boiler at present used for land purposes.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings:-
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of my spherical boiler.
Figure 2 is a front elevation part in section.
Figure 3 is a sectional plan.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of a modified arrangement.
The boiler (Figures 1, 2 and 3) consists of three spherical shells respectively A B
and C suitably placed. First there is an outer spherical shell or boiler proper A
placed in suitable brickwork hereafter described. Inside this shell is placed a
smaller inner spherical shell B which acts as a fire box and which is suitably
connected to the outer spherical shell by connection tubes hereafter described.
Mounted on the top of the outer spherical shell A by suitable connection piece
or pieces M is the third shell C. This shell C is usually a much smaller sphere
than either fire box shell B or boiler proper shell A and it acts the part of a steam
receiver.
The fire box or inner spherical shell B is not placed concentric with the outer
spherical shell or boiler proper A. but is preferably placed a few inches below and
a few inches in front of the vertical and horizontal planes passing through the
centre of the boiler proper. This is clearly shown at Figures 1, 2 and 3. The
space between these two spheres is thus unequal and is narrowest at the one side
and at the bottom of the boiler. At this narrowest side, and connecting the two
spheres, is placed a large oval tube D which forms the passage from the fire door
into the furnace. The fire bars K are placed about the centre of the small inner
sphere and extend horizontally from the fire door connection about two thirds
back, and terminate here in a short brick bridge wall L. The back part of the
inner spherical fire box B behind the bridge wall L and the part of the outer
spherical shell immediately adjacent are connected together by a number of smoke
tubes F F F F F. These tubes are arranged preferably radiating from the centre

page_text: of the boiler proper and may be of any suitable shape or section. At the bottom
of the fire box B and connecting the bottom of the two spheres is a short tube E of
large size and of oval or circular section, which opens out into the ash pit G.
The steam receiver or third spherical shell C is simply a plain sphere mounted
by an ordinary manhole counccting piece M on the top of the boiler proper. On
the top of this receiver the steam feed or junction valve is placed.
The brick work setting of the boiler I propose to adopt is briefly as follows-
The smoke tubes F F F F F connecting the back of the spherical fire box B with
the back of the inner sphere or boiler proper A, open out into a space H of
approximately one quarter the total surface area of the outer shell and this
space. H. terminates on the top side a little above the horizontal plane passing
through the centre of the boiler proper; and on the bottom side a little behind the
vertical plane passing through the same centre. Round the opening N at the
bottom of the shell is built a substantial brick pillar O and this pillar has a short
flue or ash pit G from one side leading to the front of the boiler, through which
the ashes are taken and air is admitted for combustion by way of the aperture E.
The boiler primarily rests on this pillar O but is also supported by brackets
riveted to the outer shell at short distances from each other, the other end of each
bracket resting in the hollow spherical brick work hereafter described.
Enwrapping about two thirds of the shell and at a suitable distance from it
to allow of the circulation of the gases is a brick work structure P whose interior
is of spherical section; and thus the space between the brick work and the outer
sphere is of spherical annular section. This spherical annular space is divided into
two spaces H and Q by a brick work diaphragm I which passes approximately at
an angle of 46 to the horizontal round the sphere; the top side of the said
diaphragm being at the back of the boiler and immediately over the top of the
space H into which the smoke tubes F F etc. open as hereinbefore described, and
the bottom side of the diaphragm a little underneath the fire door connection.
This diaphragm has two flue holes or perfor: ons (one of which is shown at R
Figure 2) on the bottom side, and these hold form the only connection from the
one part H of the spherical annular space to le other part Q above. The action
of the gases circulating in these spaces or flu s briefly as follows:-After passing
over the bridge wall L and through the smoke tubes F F etc. they are deflected by
the diaphragm I to enwrap the under and back portion of the sphere and to pass
down towards the front; here they pass through the openings in the diaphragm I
near the fire door up into the top part of the spherical annular space. Then
they pass back round the boiler and up into the flues S leading finally to the
chimney.
The modification shown in Figure 4 in longitudinal section is lettered for similar
parts as in Figures 1, 2 and 3 and it differs from the first described modification in
the addition of a cylindrical steam and water receiver T to which is attached a
mud drum U. The feed water is preferably pumped into the drum U and thence
it passes into the cylinder T which cylinder is connected to the spherical, or it may
be, cylindrical receiver by the steam pipe W and to the main boiler A, by the
water connecting pipe X. I thus supply greater heating surface and heat and
purify the water to a considerable extent before it enters the main boiler A while
utilizing the waste heat of the flues.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A spherical steam boiler, having a spherical main boiler shell, an internal
spherical fire box and a spherical steam or steam and water receiver substantially
as and for the purposes herein before described and as illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings.
2. A spherical steam boiler as claimed in Claim 1, together with a brick work
setting arranged to permit of a spherical annular Hue space with dividing

page_text: diaphragm and passages, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the drawings.
3. The spherical steam boiler hereinbefore described, as illustrated at Figures 2, 1
and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
4. The spherical steam boiler as hereinbefore described with reference to
Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings having combined with it cylindrical mud
and steam and water receivers.
Dated this 16th day of March 1893.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.