Year: 1894

page_text: I FRANKLIN ALFRED WELLS, Sanitary Engineer, of 47 Cliff Street, New
York, U.S.A., do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of water-closets, with
the view of facilitating the ventilation thereof, without increasing the difficulties
of manufacture.
To this end, I provide on the outside of the earthenware bowl of the closet, a
box, also of earthenware, moulded and fitted to the bowl before burning. This
box is divided by the insertion of the water supply duct into two chambers, the upper
one of which receives the water supply, and delivers it into the flushing rim. The
lower chamber is attached to a vent pipe extending into the outer air, which pipe
is furnished with a suction cowl, or other device which will create an updraught.
This lower chamber is also in connection with the interior of the closet bowl by
means of an aperture or apertures through which any objectionable smell is led
away to the upcast pipe already mentioned.
To prevent water remaining in the water duct or upper chamber of the box, a
stnall hole may be made to drain into the lower or air chamber, which is also
furnished with a hole to drain into the closet bowl, or the trap beneath the
bowl.
The object of thus draining the flush supply chamber, is to avoid the chance of
the water freezing therein.
It will thus be seen, that the box, besides accommodating the admission of the
water flush, takes also the place of the local ventilating horns, which are sometimes
employed, and which are a difficulty in the manufacture of the closet, as well as a
source of trouble, by fracture, in the finished article.
For ventilating the sewer pipe beyond the seal of a back ontlet wash-out closet,
where the wash is towards the back of closet, that is to say, towards the wall of
the building, the vent may be carried through a channel embracing the wall of the
first down pipe in a backward direction, and connecting with an outside up-cast
pipe.
Dated this 29th day of October 1894.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Closets.
1 FRANKLIN ALFRED WELLS, Sanitary Engineer, of 47 Cliff Street, New
York, U.S.A., do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of water-closets, with
a view to facilitating the ventilation thereof, and especially to providing a fully
ventilated closet, which will avoid the necessity for right and left hand local vented
closets, without increasing the difficulties of manufacture.

page_text: To this end the invention consists in providing on the outside of the earthenware
bowl of the closet. a box also of earthenware, .moulded and fitted to the bowl
before burning. This box is divided by the insertion of the water-supply duct
into two chambers, the upper, one of which receives the water supply, and delivers
it into the flushing rim. The lower chamber is attached to a vent pipe extending
into the outer air, which pipe is furnished with a suction cowl or other device
which will create an updraught. This lower chamber is also in connection with
the interior of the closet bowl by means of an aperture or apertures, through which
any objectionable smell is led away to the upcast pipe already mentioned.
To prevent water remaining in the water duct, or upper chamber of the box, a
small hole may be made to drain into the lower or air chamber, which is also
furnished with a hole to drain into the closet bowl, or the trap beneath the bowl.
The object of thus draining the flush supply chamber is to avoid the chance of the
water freezing therein.
It will thus he seen that the box, besides accommodating the admission of the
water flush, takes also the place of the local ventilating horns which are sometimes
employed, and which are a difficulty in the manufacture of the closet, as well as a
source of trouble, by fracture, in the finished article.
For ventilating the sewer pipe beyond the seal of a back outlet wash-out closet,
where the wash is towards the back of closet, that is to say, towards the wall of the
building, the vent may be carried through a channel embracing the wall of the
first down pipe in a backward direction, and connecting with an outside up-cast pipe.
While the invention is applicable generally in water closet constructions of many
classes, it will be illustrated as applied to front and back outlet closets of that
particular class known as wash-out closets, and for a full understanding of the
invention, a detailed description thereof, as thus applied, will now be given in
connection with the accompanying drawings, and the features forming the invention
pointed out in the claims.
In the drawings :-
--
Fig. 1 is a vertical section, on the line I of Fig. 2, of a front outlet wash-out
closet embodying the main features of the invention in the preferred form.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a partial horizontal section on the line 3 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line 4 of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a partial rear view.
Fig. 6 is a section similar to Fig. 1, showing a rear outlet wash-out closet
embodying all the features of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a horizontal section on the line 7 of Fig. 6.
Referring to said drawings, A. is the bowl of the closet, B the flush rim, C the
outlet, D the sewer connection or trap pipe, and E the trap rent, all these parts
being shown as of the construction usual in this class of closets, the vent connection
horn of back or trap vent E being placed centrally at the rear of the closet.
Referring now to the features especially embodying the invention, at the rear of
the closet, and preferably placed within a single box F, as shown, is the supply horn
or connection G, the ventilating chamber H, and the local or seat vent connection I
the supply horn G, and local vent connection I, being placed in the same vertical
plane with the trap vent E. The supply horn G. communicates directly with the
Hush rim B, and with the rear of the bowl, through supply duct 10, which is
preferably divided as shown, so as to deliver the water at each side, as well as in
the centre. The local or seat ventilating chamber H communicates with the upper
part of the bowl by ventilating passages 12 on each side of the supply duct 10, the
side walls of the duct preventing water passing from the duct into the passages, and
these passages preferably being iuclined upward and rearward from the bowl, as
shown, so that the water from the flush rim B will not wash through them into the
ventilating chamber. A drip opening 13 is preferably provided in the wall
between the supply horn G and ventilating chamber H, through which any trapped

page_text: water remaining in the supply horn drains into the ventilating chamber, and thence
through drip opening 14 at the base of the ventilating chamber into the bowl, and
thus preventing the breaking of supply horn and flush rim by the water freezing
therein.
The connection of the ventilating pipe may be made with the local vent I in any
suitable manner, but I prefer to provide the wall of the ventilating chamber with
openings, as 15, in the drawings, so that the ventilating pipe may be secured by
drilling openings into it corresponding to openings 15, and passing nails or brads
through the latter. The nails or brads may be secured and made airtight by putty
or white lead, if desired.
The advantage of the above construction is this :-The three parts E, G, I,
being placed in the same vertical plane, there is not room to use a wrench conve-
niently on the ventilating pipe, if made round, and with threaded spud sulphured
in a horn connection, us usual, after the connecting pipes are coupled to the
supply G, and trap vent E; nor can a wrench be applied conveniently to either E
or G, after the pipe is connected to the vent I. With the connection at I made
as described, however, pipes may be attached in the usual manner to supply G and
vent E, and then a pipe introduced between these pipes, and connected to vent I.
This also permits the vent opening to be made oblong, as shown, which is
preferable, as it increases the ventilation largely, without weakening too much the
wall between the supply and vent.
It will be seen that by the construction shown, the bowl is perfectly ventilated,
and provision is made for the return to the bowl of all water in the supply pipe
and ventilating chamber, and as all the pipe connections may be made centrally,
the use of right and left-hand local vented closets is avoided.
In Figs. 6 and 7, a back outlet wash-out closet is shown, embodying the features
of the invention thus far described, and including other features especially
applicable to back outlet closets. As the general construction is the same as that
of closets shown in Figs. 1 to 5, the same references may be used for corresponding
parts.
One object of the invention is to bring the supply horn and bowl and trap veuts
all at the rear of the bowl, instead of the old form of trap vent connection being
made at either right or left side of said trap, and for this purpose it is necessary
that the trap vent connection should pass the outlet pipe. I provide an improved
construction for this purpose, which forms a part of the present invention.
In this construction, the connection between the vent E and the trap pipe or
sewer connection D is made as follows:-The wall separating the outlet Cand the
trap pipe D, below the bowl, is formed with a ventilating chamber 16, opening into
the sewer pipe D. From the chamber 16, pipes K are carried backward around
the outlet C, to the rear wall of the closet, where they connect with the vent E,
half pipes applied to the outlet pipe C, and united at the vent, being used,
preferably, for cheapness and compactness of construction.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the special class of
closets shown, and that many modifications in the form and construction of the
parts embodying the invention may be made.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A water-closet having a single box combining a supply connection, a bowl
ventilating chamber below the supply connection, and a local veut connection with
said chamber, said local vent connection being in the same vertical plane with the
supply connection, substantially as described.
2. A water-closet having a single box combining a supply connection, a bowl-
ventilating chamber below the supply connection, and a local vent connection with
said chamber, said local veut connection being in the same vertical plane with
the supply connection, and said closet having a trap ventilating connection in the

page_text: same vertical plane with the supply and local vent connections, substantially as
described.
3. A rear outlet water closet having a single box combining a supply connection,
a bowl-ventilating chamber below the supply connection, and a local vent
connection with said chamber, said local vent connection being in the same
vertical plane with the supply connection, and said closet having a rear trap vent
in the same vertical plane with the supply and local vent connections, and
connections about the outlet pipe between the trap vent and trap pipe, substantially
as described.
4. A water-closet having a central supply connection, a central bowl-ventilating
chamber below the supply connection, a local vent connection with said ventilating
chamber in the same vertical plane with the supply connection, and a trap
ventilating connection in the same vertical plane with the supply and local vent
connections, substantially as described.
5. A water-closet having a central supply connection, a central bowl-ventilating
chamber below the supply connection, a local vent connection with said ventilating
chamber in the same vertical plane with the supply connection, and a trap vent
connection in the same vertical plane with the supply and local vent connections,
and below the latter, said closet having openings through the wall of the local vent
connection for securing the local vent pipe and extending transversely to the latter,
substantially as described.
6. A water-closet having a supply connection, a bowl-ventilating chamber below
the supply connection. having a drip connection with the supply connection and
bowl, and a vent connection with said ventilating chamber, substantially as
described.
7. The combination with supply horn G and supply duct 10, of ventilating
chamber H below the supply, communicating with the bowl by one or more
passages, and with the supply and bowl by drip passages 13, 14, and connection [
in the same vertical plane with supply horn G, substantially as described.
8. The combination with bowl A and outlet and trap pipes C, D, of a rear
outlet closet, of supply horn G and supply duct 10, ventilating chamber H below
the supply horn, communicating with the bowl by passage 12, and with the supply
horn G, and bowl, by drip openings 13, 14, vent I communicating with the
chamber H, and in the same vertical plane with the supply horu, ventilating
chamber 16, opening into pipe D, trap vent E in the same vertical plane with the
supply horn G and vent I, and pipes K on opposite sides of the pipe C, connect g
chamber 16 and vent E, substantially as described.
9. A water-closet substantially as shown and described in connection
Figs. 1 to 5.
ih
10. A water-closet substantially as shown and described in connection with
Figs. 6 and 7.
Dated this 29th day of August 1895.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.