IMPROVE- BENSIMO TAY CTVT rang on Cay Canne
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Walworth and Robert Harrowby, of Bradford,
in the County of York, Machine Makers, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
BENSIMO TAY CTVT rang on Cay Canne"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Walworth and
Robert Harrowby at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 14th November 1859.
We, JAMES WALWORTH and ROBERT HARROWBY, of Bradford, in the County
5 of York, Machine Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SMUT MACHINES OR CORN SCREENS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to machinery or apparatus employed in the cleansing
- of wheat or other corn or grain, or removing the smuts or dust therefrom, which
apparatus, as heretofore constructed, consists of a stationery wirework cylinder
or casing, with a central rotary spindle, on which are fixed arms and wings or
beaters, which are caused to revolve within the cylinder. The grain being
introduced at the top end is forced against the side by the centrifugal action of
the revolving beaters, and thus the smuts, &c. are removed and driven through
the openings of the wirework, the grain falling to and passing out at the bottom
thereof; but this construction of machine is found in practice to damage or
bruise the grain by the concussions or the heavy blows of the beaters on the
grain and against the wirework side of the casing or cylinder; and also that
the grain is driven against the side of the cylinder at the top of the machine,
from which it passes by the side thereof to the bottom, with little or no further
action thereon by the beaters, consequently is not perfectly cleansed at all times.
Our improvements consists in dispensing with the arms and wings or beaters
as before described, and substituting in lieu thereof a series of conical rubbers

page_text: or drums, with fluted or corrugated surfaces, which are fixed on the said
spindle at suitable distances apart, the base or large diameter of such cones being
nearly equal in diameter to the internal diameter of the wire cylinder. Over
each conical rubber is placed a corrugated cover or internal cone with corrugated
surfaces at a suitable distance therefrom, so as to leave a space betwixt the two
corrugated surfaces; attached or united to which cover is a dish or hopper, the
outer edge extending to the wire casing or cylinder to which it is fixed. On the
said spindle, betwixt or intermediate to the conical rubbers, are fixed fans for
producing a blast of air. The wheat or other grain is introduced at the top of
the machine near the spindle, or on the small end of the cone, and passes
betwixt the two fluted or corrugated surfaces of the uppermost conical rubber
and its cover, which as the grain passes towards the outer edge by the rotation
of the spindle acts upon or rubs it without bruising, and as it drops from the
edge thereof falls into a dish or hopper which conducts it to the small end of
the next conical rubbers, whence it passes betwixt the corrugated surfaces
thereof, and dropping from which is again conducted by another dish to the
third set of rubbers, and so on to any desirable number of rubbers. The fans
intermediate of the rubbers, by the rotation of the spindle producing a current
of air, drives the smuts or dust through the wirework casing at each drop from
one set of rubbers to the next.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Walworth and Robert Harrowby in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 12th May 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
WALWORTH and ROBERT HARROWBY, of Bradford, in the County of York,
Machine Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto us, the said James Walworth and Robert Harrowby, Her special
licence that we, the said James Walworth and Robert Harrowby, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said James
Walworth and Robert Harrowby, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great

page_text: Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SMUT MACHINES OR CORN SCREENS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said James Walworth and Robert Harrowby,
by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand
and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Walworth and Robert
Harrowby, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say):-
This Invention relates to machinery or apparatus employed in the cleansing
of wheat or other corn or grain, or removing the smuts or dust therefrom,
which apparatus, as heretofore constructed, consists of a stationary wirework
cylinder or casing, with a central rotary spindle, on which are fixed arms and
wings or beaters, which are caused to revolve within the cylinder. The grain
being introduced at the top end is forced against the side by the centrifugal
action of the revolving beaters, and thus the smuts, &c., are removed and
driven through the openings of the wirework, the grain falling to and passing
out at the bottom thereof. But this construction of machine is found in
practice to damage or bruise the grain by the concussions or the heavy blows
of the beaters on the grain and against the wirework side of the casing or
cylinder; and also that the grain is driven against the side of the cylinder
at the top of the machine, from which it passes by the side thereof to the
bottom with little or no further action thereon by the beaters, consequently
is not perfectly cleansed at all times.
Our improvements consist in dispensing with the arms and wings or beaters
as before described, and substituting in lieu thereof a series of conical rubbers
or drums with fluted or corrugated surfaces, which are fixed on the said
spindle at suitable distances apart, the base or larger diameter of such
cones being nearly equal in diameter to the internal diameter of the wire
cylinder. Over each conical rubber is placed a corrugated cover or internal
cone with corrugated surfaces at a suitable distance therefrom, so as to leave a
space betwixt the two corrugated surfaces; attached or united to which
cover is a dish or hopper, the outer edge extending to the wire casing or
cylinder to which it is fixed. On the said spindle, betwixt or intermediate
to the conical rubbers, are fixed fans for producing a blast of air. The wheat
or other grain is introduced at the top of the machine near the spindle, or

page_text: on the small end of the cone, and passes betwixt the two fluted or corrugated
surface of the uppermost conical rubber and its cover, which, as the grain
passes towards the outer edge by the rotation of the spindle acts upon or rubs
it without bruising, and as it drops from the edge thereof falls into a dish or
hopper which conducts it to the small end of the next conical rubbers, whence
it passes betwixt their corrugated surfaces, and dropping from them is again
conducted by another dish to the third set of rubbers, and so on to any
desirable number of rubbers. The fans intermediate of the rubbers, by the
rotation of the spindle producing a current of air, drives the smut or dust
through the wirework casing at each drop from one set of rubbers to the next.
This Invention will be readily understood by reference to the accompanying.
Sheet of Drawings, and the several figures and letters of reference marked,
thereon.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a "smut machine or corn screen," externally of
similar construction as heretofore, and Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same,
shewing our improvements applied thereto. A is the wirework cylinder or
casing, affixed to and supported by upright pillars and suitable framing; B is
the central rotary spindle in suitable bearings, with the pulley B¹ for driving
the same, as heretofore in use; C1, C2, C3, and C, are four conical rubbers.
affixed on the said spindle, the form and construction of which will be better
seen in the detail Drawings at Figs. 3 and 4, which are elevation and plan of
the same drawn on a larger scale. The shell or rim a is fluted or corrugated
on the outer or upper surface, with a flange b at the top or small end thereof,
to prevent the grain from passing over, and thereby coming in contact with
the arms c, which are made deep, so as to act as fans. D¹, D³, D³, and D',
are the covers, which are fluted or corrugated on the inner or under surface,
and are attached to and supported by the dishes or hoppers E¹, E², and E³,
which are fixed to the wire cylinder. These parts are shewn in detail on a
larger scale at Fig. 5, which is a vertical section, and Fig. 6 a plan or under-
neath view of the same. F, F, and F³, are the fans, which are fixed on the
spindle intermediate or betwixt the rubbers, and which are also shewn in
detail at Figs. 7 and 8; G1, G2, and G³, are belts of wirework attached to the.
outer edges of the rubbers and the fans enclosing the spaces betwixt them, so
as to prevent the grain in passing from one rubber to the next getting amongst
the arms or wings of the fans; H is a hopper for supplying the grain which is
to be operated upon; I is a fan, which receives motion by a strap I¹ from the
central shaft for drawing away the remaining dust or smuts as the grain,
finally passes out of the machine through the spout J. The action of the
machine is as follows:-The grain to be cleansed is introduced at the hopper.

page_text: H, from whence it passes betwixt the two corrugated rubbing surfaces C¹
and D', which rub or scrub it, and from which it falls to the dish E', when,
during its fall, it is acted upon by a blast of air produced by the revolution of
the fan F', which blows the dust or smuts through the wirework cylinder.
The dish F then receives and conducts it to the next pair of rubbing surfaces
C² and D2, from whence it passes, in like manner as before described, to the
next rubbers C and D³, the fan F' blowing out the dust, and so on to any
desirable number of such rubbing surfaces, when it is pushed into the spout J
by the wings or arms c of the last rubber, which are made large enough, and
set so as to clear the bottom of the cylinder, and as the grain issues out
thereof, the remaining dust (if any) is drawn upwards by the fan I, and driven
out of the spout K.
Having thus fully described the nature of our Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed or carried into practical effect, we
would have it understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise form
or construction and arrangement of apparatus as herein set forth; but what
we claim as of our Invention, and which we believe to be new within the
realm, is,―
Firstly, the application to and use of rubbers in "smut machines or corn
screens," substantially as herein described and illustrated.
Secendly, the application and use of dishes or hoppers for diverting the
course of the grain in such machines, as explained.
Thirdly, the construction, combination, and general arrangement of the
parts or apparatus, as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Walworth and Robert Har-
rowby, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Tenth day of
May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
TAMES WAT WORTIT
ROBERT HARROWBY. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named James. Walworth and Robert
Harrowby, in the presence of
W. TASKER, Patent Agent,
Halifax.