IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM SHIPS, AND IN THE MODE OF STEERING THE SAME."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Samuel White, of East Cowes, Isle of Wight, for
an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM SHIPS, AND IN THE MODE OF
STEERING THE SAME."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Samuel White at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd December 1880.
JOHN SAMUEL WHITE, of East Cowes, Isle of Wight." "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM SHIPS, AND IN THE MODE OF STEERING THE SAME.'
"
My Invention relates to improvements in the form of steam ships, launches,
torpedo boats, and others, combined with an improved mode of steering the same.
It consists in dispensing with the after deadwood and keel of a steam ship for
a distance, say, of three eighths of the entire length of the ship forward from the
stern, the entire "under-water" portion or body of the ship gradually diminishing.
from the said point to nothing at the termination or level of the load water
line aft.
Also in increasing the depth of the keel at the point of cut off, whence it is
tapered forward at such an angle that if produced aft it would strike below the
propeller and rudders, thus enabling the vessel to be beached or docked without
special provision being made for the protection of such parts.
Also in the combination with this form of ship of balanced or other rudders, one
placed directly before and another directly abaft the screw or other propeller, and
both working simultaneously or in unison.
By my Invention greatly increased steering power is obtained in going ahead,
and especially astern, also greater power in suddenly retarding the vessel's progress
when desired.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Samuel White in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd June 1881.
JOHN SAMUEL WHITE, of East Cowes, Isle of Wight.
STEAM SHIPS, AND IN THE MODE OF STEERING THE SAME."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
My Invention relates to improvements in the form of steam ships, launches,
torpedo boats, and others, combined with an improved mode of steering the same.
It consists firstly, as shewn by the accompanying Drawing, in dispensing with
the after deadwood and keel of a steam ship A between the points B and C (see
Figure 1) for a distance, say, of about three eighths of the entire length of the
ship A forward from the stern, the entire "under-water" portion or body of the
ship A between the points B and C gradually diminishing from the point C to
nothing, or nearly nothing, at the termination or load water line level aft at X, by
a curved or any other line most suitable, according to the design of the launch or
vessel.
Secondly. In increasing the depth of the keel or body of the vessel at the point C
of "cut off," whence it is tapered forwards at such an angle that if produced aft
it would strike below the propeller and rudder (or rudders) to any extent considered
desirable for their protection, thereby enabling the vessel to be beached or docked
without special provision being made for the protection of such parts.
Thirdly. In the combination with this form of ship A of balanced (or other)
rudders E, E¹, one of which E is placed directly before and the other E¹ directly
abaft the screw propeller F, and both rudders E, E¹, worked simultaneously or in
unison by chain, screw, or other suitable mechanical arrangement as found most
convenient.
By my Invention greatly increased steering power is obtained when going ahead,
and especially astern, also greater power in suddenly retarding the vessel's progress
when desired, the rudders being capable of being put over to 90 degrees from the
middle or line of keel of the ship.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider novel and original, and
therefore claim as my Invention is,―
The improved form, namely, the cutting away of what is generally understood
by the term after deadwood, combined with the special arrangement of rudders,
and mode of steering steam ships, launches, torpedo boats, iron clads, war ships of
any classes, and others, substantially as and for the purpose herein before described
and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Samuel White, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty one.
Witness,
EDWIN WEEKS.
JN. SAMUEL WHITE. (L.S.)