IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES FOR STITCHING CARPETS, SAIL CLOTH AND OTHER LIKE MATERIAL
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
こ
I GEORGE GRISEL, of North Oakland, in the County of Alameda and State of
California, one of the United States of America, Machinist, do hereby declare the
nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES FOR STITCHING
CARPETS, SAIL CLOTH AND OTHER LIKE MATERIAL and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
°
"
My Invention relates to sewing machines specially constructed and adapted for
uniting the edges of carpets, sail cloth and other like heavy class of material.
The object sought to be attained is to produce a machine with the capacity to
work on both heavy or thick, and light or thin character of material and that
combines also great simplicity of construction and cheapness of manufacture.
The improvements include a novel construction of frame, feeding mechanism and
looper mechanism and a device for controlling the edges of material, along the
seam to produce a smooth seam on the right side.
All the working mechanism is so mounted and arranged that the weight is
nearly as possible equally disposed on opposite sides of a vertical plane passing
through the center of the frame.
Two upright metallic plates face to face with a space between them of sufficient
width to take in the material to be stitched, and a yoke or arched bracket in
which are mounted, pivoted and otherwise fixed all the working parts of the
feeding and stitch forming mechanisms constitute the frame.
The two plates are entirely disconnected except at the upper corners, so that the
top is left practically open and the line of seam is exposed to view at all times.
The two plates are attached together by small blocks interposed between the
adjacent upper corners of which one is permanently fastened in place, but the
other is adjustable vertically and constitutes a guide to turn in and control the
projecting ends of threads along the edge of the material in advance of the stitch.
The needle is carried in a curved path from a center of oscillation located above
its line of travel
The needle carrying arm is pivoted at the upper end, to the top of the arched
bracket to bring the center of motion directly over the center of the frame. The

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needle then moves in an upwardly curving path and passes through the middle of
the thickness of material somewhat below its point of first penetration at one side,
and its subsequent outward pas age at the other side.
"
⚫ This causes the line of loops to be laid in the middle, below the turned in threads
and portions of the edges, and the right side of the seam presents a smooth finished
face when turned and opened.
The feed device consists of two wheels or rollers with roughened peripheries
working on vertical axes through slots in the plates from opposite sides of the
frame, so as to grasp the material between them. Such principle of feed however
is already in use but in its application heretofore, the adjustment of the rollers to
accommodate, and act upon different thicknesses of material was effected by the
operator. In the operation of setting the rollers to and from each other, the
parallel relation of the adjacent face was disturbed so that the edges and not the
whole length of face bore against the material.
.
This part or feature of my improvement provides an automatic adjustment of
the fred rollers and a position of feed surface at all times vertical and in contact
with the material for the full length of face..
1
The looper is of the oscillating kind and cooperates with the needle to produce a
double loop stitch..
t
A take up device is used for the looper thread, but the needle thread is
controlled by the oscillating needle and a small pressure roller to insure formation
of the loop.
The following description explains the nature of my said improvements and the
manner in which I proceed to construct and apply the same.
In the Drawings referred to by Figures and letters―
Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved machine';
Figure 2. is a detail view of the looper cam; ..
ران
Figures 3 and 4 show the form and construction of the adjustable turning in
.guide.
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Figure 5 is a side view of the machine;
Figure 6 is a detail of the needle thread controller ;
Figure 7 is a view from the rear, of the upper part of the machine;
Figure 8 shows the feed actuating cam ;
Figure 9 is a plan of the feed.
Figure 10 is a side view of the feed lever;
Figure 11 shows the form of the frame plates at the top, and the position
thereof on the edges of the material.
The two plates A, B, are fixed in upright position parallel with each other, by
means of an arched upright bracket consisting of two curved sides M, M, having
ears m² on lugs or inwardly turned ends m³; and above thêm two similar
lugs m¹.
The two plates and brackets are fastened together by screws.
This bracket while affording bearings for all the operative mechanism, except
the valance wheel brings the principal weight of the parts directly over the center
of the machine.
Its two curved sides are secured together at the top by a screw "p, and at this
point a stud P, forms a pivot for the needle arm. In the space between the two
lugs or feet on the ends of the bracket M, are pivoted two levers R, R, having
thumb pieces or handles on the rear end and on the front end two arms R, R¹, one
over the other to take the feed roller S.
The hub I, corresponds in length to the space between the lugs m³, m and turns
upon pivots t, t.
.1 :
These two levers then constitute a pair of jaws and by means of a spring u
their inner ends are forced towards each other with constant pressure, the strength
of which is regulated by changing the character of the spring
Large rectangular openings d, d, in the two plates, admit the face of the feed
rollers into the space traversed by the material within the frame,

page_text: The levers R. R. thus mounted are free to yield to changes in thickness of the
material, and yet to maintain regular contact and continual pressure upon the
material.
This manner of mounting the feed rollers insures regular contact of the rollers
for the whole length of face.
A.rock shaft T, produces simultaneous rotation of the two rollers towards each
other through two vibrating levers T¹. At the sides of the frame and fixed to the
rock shaft outside the plates, one to each roller, and each carrying a feed pawl T'
This rock shaft obtains motion from the cam W, on the inner face of the driving
gear F, the connection being made by the rocking lever and stud T".
Contact of the feed pawl with the ratchet surface on the feed roller is maintained
by a spring to, and the pawl is confined during reciprocation by the fixed stirrup.
The ratchet surface 2 for the pawl to act against is formed on the center part of
the periphery, the outer edges of the rollers being suitably serrated or armed with
blunt projections to engage with the material.
The pressure of the pawl being thus applied midway betwen the bearing parts of
the roller, there is less strain upon the feed pawl and a corresponding equality of
action upon the rollers.
The feed mechanism is carried entirely in parts of the bracket M, the driving
gear F being mounted on a stud f, secured in the lower end or extension of the
bracket.
The needle arm G, is a straight bar with a curved offset g, at one side to carry a
clamp for the needle and an ear or short lug g' on the opposite side of the center
line to take a stud.
The pivot at the top of the bracket affords a long bearing for the arm.
Vibration upon this center is produced by the action of the needle cam G³, fixed
on a shaft G, to which motion is imparted from the driving gear, through the
pinion cc.
The movements of these parts are timed to bring the needle arm over the center
of the frame as the crank handle is raised.
The gears and mechanism are kept close to the frame, while the needle and crank
are free to pass. each other.
The needle cam shaft operates the looper through the medium of a disk cam L,
on the end outside of the frame, and a lever L¹ pivoted at 1, and having vibration
forward and back.
The lower end of the lever carries a hinged finger L³, on the outer end of a short
stud or pin L that is free to turn in the end of the lever and a.socket in the end of
this stud holds the looper H.
"The arm L¹ gives general movement to the looper across the path of the needle,
while the rocking finger piece acts to depress the point of the loop at the end of
the forward throw.
This movement is effected by contact of the end of the projection L³, on the
piece L, with a fixed catch J, on the side of the bracket fraine, and this depression
is necessary in order to bring the needle into the loop, or above that portion of the
looper thread which extends from the eye of the looper back to the stitch last
'formed.
...
An adjustable stop a controls the position of the piece, and a spring v, raises and
keeps the looper in position during the general oscillation.
...A
The catch J, is held by a set screw passing through a slot, so that its action can
be timed.
n.
The plate B, on that side of the frame opposite to the driving crank has a vertical
limb or prolongation B', on which is provided a stud Y, to carry a balance
wheel W
Connection of the principal shaft is then made with the balance wheel by.grooved
pulleys w³ w, and a belt.
'The peculiar form of the frame enables me to carry the principal shaft directly
across the top and to locate the balance wheel.opposite to the crank.“

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By this arrangement the weights are equally distributed and the machine well
balanced.
The frame of the machine bears at two points upon the edge of the material,
which are the blocks C, D, at the outer corners.
The sides of the plate between these points are carried down below the line of
the seam, as before described to give a clear unobstructed view of the condition of
the work.
The rear block C, is fixed but the front one D, is of peculiar construction to form
a turning in guide and is adjustable vertically to regulate the distance of the line
of seam from the edge of the material, it is also removable and is made in two
parts that are held together by' the screw D.
To vary the position of the guiding edges or grooves or to raise one or the other
side of the groove, this screw is loosened and the two parts moved as required to
bring the guide into position.
This construction is illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 of the Drawing.
The concave guiding surfaces d' d¹, are on either side of two downwardly
projecting teeth d² that extend along the bottom in the center of the groove or
concave to project between the edges of the two pieces or thicknesses of material to
confine the ends of the threads and ragged parts of the edges until by completion
of the stitch the edges are held by the seam.
:
In the center of the block at the front a separating horm or blade d³ is fixed in
line with the turning down blades d', with a pointed end and with its front edge
inclined and beveled or rounded.
Its office is to separate the two thicknesses of material and guide them into the
grooves on either side, so that the two edges in passing through the groove are
brought into line at the needle.
The position of this block determines the distance of the line of stitching from
the edge of the material.
It is adjusted by having the screw D², pass through a sloth in the block and its
proper upright position is controlled by two steady pins i i, working on open slots
in the plate A, B.
Blocks with different widths of groove are provided and one block is substituted
for another according as the material to be stitched is of greater or less thickness.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The combination of the arched bracket M, M, parallel plates A, B, having
transverse needle apertures b, b, cut away sides and blocks C, D, with feed and
stitch forming devices, substantially as described.
2. The combination with the plates A, B, of the needle arm G, pivoted in top
bracket M, and needle secured in the lower end of the needle arm, below the cam,
the transverse shaft having needle actuating cam G, and looper cam I, and means
for rotating said shaft constructed as described.
3. The combination with the plates A, B, having transverse needle throats and
cut away sides, of the transverse shaft and brackets M M, united at the top and
forming the support for the pivot of the needle arm at that point as herein
described.
**
4. The combination of the frame A, B, oscillating needle arm G, driving gears F
and x, cam G³, transverse shaft G, cams L, W, and the balance wheel W¹, upon the
side of the frame opposite to the driving gear as herein described.
5. The horizontal rock shaft T, levers T¹ T¹, feed pawls T2, spring Ts and means
for operating the rock shaft combined with the feed levers as herein described.
6. The parallel plates A B, having cut away sides and feed slots connected
together only at their outer corners, combined with the arched bracket M; M, having
lugs m³ m to receive the feed levers R, the needle arm stud P, driving gear stud f,
and bearings for the shafts G and T, as herein described.

page_text: 7. The combination with the parallel plates A. B. having cut away sides and
connected together only at their outer ends, of the blocks C, D, one fixed, and the
other adjustable as herein described.
8. The combination with the parallel plates A. B, having cut away sides and
connected together only at the outer corners of the adjustable and removable
turning in guide D, substantially as described.
9. The turning in guide D, having concave under guiding surface d, the turning
in blades d', and the inclined separating edge or blade d³, projecting at the point as
berein described.
10. The turning in guide D, formed in two parts as described.
11. The combination in a suitable frame of the pivoted feed levers carrying
revolving feed surfaces s with ratchet portions 82, formed in the center of the rollers
with feed portions on each side, the vibrating levers and pawls T' T², and mechanism
for actuating said levers and pawls, substantially as described.
12. A revolving feed surface or roller having feeding portions S. and the
intermediate ratcheted portion 82, formed in the center of the rollers between the
two feed portions as herein described.
13. The roller carrying lever pivoted-to the frame having thumb piece R¹, arms
R, R, and hub I, as herein described.
14. The automatic yielding gripper feed consisting of the pivoted levers R, R,
revolving feeding surfaces s, having ratchet center portions 83, spring u, feed
pawls T and mechanism for actuating said pawls simultaneously as herein
described.