Improvements in Motors for Utilizing Currents of Gases or Liquids.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 28th June, 1892-Accepted, 27th Aug., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Motors for Utilizing Currents of Gases or Liquids.
I, HERMANN OEHLSCHLAEGEL, of 15 Albert Strasse, of Zwickau, in the
Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire, Mining Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved motor for utilizing currents of gases or
liquids, and especially of the air or the water. The object of my invention is to
dispense with the necessity of adjusting the motor according to the direction of
the current, which may be variable, as in the case of the wind. A further advantage
which have attained in my improved motor is, that the same may be set in
motion by currents of gases (air), and currents of liquids (water) irrespectively,
some slight changes in the construction being only necessary in order to adapt the
motor to these different uses. My invention also consists in suitable meaus, which
when raisod or lowered increase or decrease the section of the current acting upon
the motor, whereby the speed of the latter may be easily regulated.
My invention will be more readily understood by the following detailed
description, made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Fig. 1 is an elevation of my improved motor, constructed as wind-motor.
Fig. 2 a plan view of the same.
Fig. 3 is an elevation of the wind-motor with its supporting and regulating
frame, and
Fig. 4 a plan view of the same.
Figs. 5 & 6 are an elevation, partly in section, and a plan viow respectively of
my improved motor, constructed as water-motor.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
کے
ام
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شم
The wind-motor (Figs. 1-4) has a vertical shaft a to which are secured radial
horizontal arms or vanes 6º, each of which is provided with a series
of flaps or shutters c¹. . . .
...., pivoted by means of vertical pins,
so that they may move freely through an angle of about 180° (the movement of
the exterior shutters may be more considerable, nearly 360°),
By this arrangement I obtain the following result: The shutters c'
provided on the arms are swung round their pivots towards the middle by
the wind blowing in the direction indicated by the arrow; these shutters are thus
pressed against the said arms, forming a closed continuous surface on which the
wind may impinge and thereby rotate the motor. The shutters e. pivoted to the
arm are likewise swung round their pivots, but towards the exterior and form n
continuous surface. The shutters .... pivoted to the arms respectively place
themselves automatically parallel to the direction of the wind, so that the latter
may freely pass through the open spaces, and the resistance offered by the action
of the wind on the remaining surface of the said arms is but a very slight one.
will be obvious that the shutters .... are all opened and closed
automatically in due time during the rotation of the arms bob, and thus a
great power is obtained. This power depends of course on the force of the wind
and on the combined surface of the shutters.
It.
The wind-motor is placed in a sort of turret (Figs. 3 & 4), the diameter of
which is sufficient to permit an unhindered rotation of the arms bo
This turret may conveniently be covered by a roof, and the lower portion of its
vertical sides may be closed by planks, so that the wind has only access to the arms
or vanes of the motor proper.
In order to be enabled to regulate the action of the wind, or to shut it off
completely, I employ the following mechanism. The upper portion of the turret,

page_text: which is not planked, may be closed partly or entirely by an exterior shell or
mantle d, the position of which is adjustable by means of any suitable mechanism,
so that the action of the wind may be stopped, or diminished or increased in any
measure desired. By means of suitable mechanisms, the construction of which is
well known in the art. the mantle d may be raised and lowered automatically
according to the force of the wind, so that a constant velocity of rotation is obtained.
This mantled not only serves for regulating the admission of the wind, but
also protects the motor in the case of the wind being too strong, when the mantle
completely closes up the opening in the wall of the turret; this may be effected
automatically or by hand.
l
The latter arrangement is represented on the drawings. The mantle dis
constantly drawn upwards by counter-weights, which slightly overbalance the
weight of the mantle and the friction. Thus when the weights are not
influenced otherwise, the mantle & will be raised so as to completely shut off the
wind, and the motor will stop, or remain stationary. These counter-weights are
connected to a series of strings m, whereby the weights may be raised, and the
mantle lowered accordingly. Said strings are bound together so as to form a
ring n, to which is fastened a rope o. This rope o is passed over a shaft provided
with a click and ratchet-wheel, cam-wheel etc. It will be obvious that by turning
said shaft a pull is exerted on the strings m, and the mantle d, being no more
influenced by the counter-weights 1, sinks down and allows the wind to act on the
arms. The employment of a click and ratchet-wheel permits to
lock the mantle in any position. The main advantage of the described arrange-
ment resides in the fact that the mantle is raised automatically, thereby shutting
off the wind, if the strings or the rope should break, or if the counter-weights should
be released in any other manner.
The motion may be transmitted from the rotating shaft of the motor to the
machine to be driven by means of toothed wheels, or rope- or belt-pulleys. The
vertical shaft a is supported and guided by two bearings provided at its ends, and
the arms etc. are maintained horizontal by means of stays e¹ e² etc., which
are secured with one end to the shaft a, and with the other to the above mentioned
arms.
I will also mention that besides the advantages enumerated at the beginning
of the Specification, my improved motor presents the further advantage that it
may be easily located on any roof without notable change of the same, provided
the construction of the roof be capable of supporting the motor and the turret
containing the same.
The same motor may be employed as a water motor without altering its construc-
tion (Figs. 5 & 6). To this end the wheel formed by the arms is
inverted, so that the stays ele..
... come to lie above said arms, and the vertical shaft a
is fixed in a frame constructed on
a raft k The frame may be moved
upwards and downwards by means of rack and pinion so that the wheel is immersed
in the water more or less. It is obvious that the water will have the same
influence on the wheel as the wind, and that a varying force may be obtained by
immersing the wheel more or less. It is of course immaterial whether the wheel
is fixed on a raft or otherwise, and I may also employ other means for raising
and lowering the wheel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
-
1. A motor for utilizing currents of gas and liquids, comprising a wheel formed
by vanes, and flaps pivoted to aid vam by means of pin perpendicular to the
direction of the currents, said flaps being adapted to close automatically, at a certain
period of the rotation, suitable openings provided in the vanes, for the purpose as
described.
2. The combination, with a motor for utilizing currents of gases and liquids,

page_text: comprising a wheel the axle of which is perpendicular to the direction of the
currents, of suitable means for varying the surface of the wheel which is exposed
to said currents, for the purpose as described.
3. The combination, with a motor for utilizing currents of gases and liquids, of
a mantle enclosing the same and adapted to be displaced so as to cover or uncover
a greater or lesser surface of the wheel, for the purpose as described.
4. The combination, with a motor for utilizing currents of grases and liquids, of
a mantle enclosing the same, counter-weights adapted to raise said mantle, and
means for raising the counter-weights, for the purpose as described.
5. The combination, with a motor for utilizing currents of liquids, comprising
a wheel the axle of which is perpendicular to the direction of the current, of a
frame receiving the axle of the wheel, and means for adjusting the position of
said frame, so that the vanes may be immersed in the liquid more or less, for
the purpose as described.
Dated this 28th day of June 1892.
HERMANN OEHLSCHLAEGEL,
By Geo. H. Rayner,
37, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.