CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS ON LAMPS, PARTICULARLY FOR CAUSING THE OIL TO ASCEND, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS OR PARTS THEREOF ARE APPLICABLE TO THE RAISING OF WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1837

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
WILLIAM CELARIER, of Saint Paul's Chain, in the City of London, Esquire,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His late most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster the Tenth day of March, in the seventh year of His reign, did,
for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Charles
William Celarier, His especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Charles William Celarier, my exors, admors, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Charles William Celarier, my exors, admors,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS ON
LAMPS, PARTICULARLY FOR CAUSING THE OIL TO ASCEND, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS OR
PARTS THEREOF ARE APPLICABLE TO THE RAISING OF WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS,"
communicated to me by a certain foreigner residing abroad; in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Charles William Celarier,
shall cause a particular description of the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His said

page_text: Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles William Celarier, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:-
The Invention, as communicated to me from abroad, consists, first, in the
application of the mode hereafter described to the raising of the oil or other
suitable fluid (to be consumed) to the burners of lamps; and, secondly, in
the application of the mode hereafter described to the raising of water and
other fluids applicable to various useful purposes.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION.
And in order that the Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will, in the first instance, describe Figures 1 and 2 of the
Drawing, which represent two views of the same vessels under different cir
cumstances, by which the principle of action to be applied to lamps for causing
oil to ascend to the burners and to effect the raising of water and other fluids
when combined with suitable apparatus, will appear.
In these Figures the same letters are used to indicate similar parts. A, A,
is a vessel or cylinder on the upper part of the vessel or cylinder C, the vessel
A and the vessel C being separated by the plate D, consequently any fluid
which may be placed in the vessel A cannot pass into the vessel C unless an
opening be made through the plate D, nor can the fluid which is in the vessel
C enter into the vessel A, as will readily be understood by examining Figure 1;
within the vessel A is placed the small tube B, having a bell or enlarged
mouth at the lower end, as is shewn in the Drawing. If fluid be poured into
the vessel A, it will pass up the tube B, and such fluid will attain and retain
the same level in the tube B as in the vessel A, as is shewn in Figure 1,
and such would be the case so long as the parts remained in the position
shewn in Figure 1. But supposing the vessel C to be full of atmospheric
air, and the valve or plug at F were opened, a portion of the fluid from
the vessel A would be constantly dropping through at F, whilst a quantity
of the air in the vessel C would pass through at F, and rise upwards,

page_text: and enter the small tube B, and carry with it the fluid which it meets with,.
by which means the tube B in a short time, in place of having only like fluid:
to that in the vessel A, and to a like level, would have alternately a quantity
of liquid from the vessel A, and then a quantity of atmospheric air, as is indi-
cated at Figure 2, (a) representing the liquid from the vessel A, and (b)
representing the atmospheric air; hence the column of fluids in the tube B
(being lighter than that in the vessel A,) would rise considerably above the
level in the vessel A, and flow over the tube B.
Having thus described the nature of the principle of raising a heavier by a
lighter fluid, the application of that principle or mode to lamps for raising oil
therein will readily be explained by a reference to Figure 3, which represents
a section of a table lamp, having the improvements applied thereto. In this
Figure the same letters indicate similar parts to those described in Figures 1
and 2. They will not, therefore, require further description, and it will only
be necessary to state that G is the burner, which is formed or affixed to the
upper end of the tube B, and there is a passage H from the tube B, by which
the oil in rising up the tube B flows into the upper surface of the burner, and
supplies oil to the short wick I, which is placed in the burner as is shewn in the
Drawing. J is a glass chimney. It will be seen that the lower end of the
tube B at Figure 4 is capable of sliding in the tube K, which is formed in
the partition plate D. By this means when it is desired to stop the flow of
oil to the burner, by sliding the end of the tube B upwards into the tube...,
the communication between the vessel A and the vessel C will be shut off, and
the air no longer be displaced by the dropping of the oil into that vessel C;
or the same object may be accomplished by making the end of the pipe or
tube B like the plug of a cock, as is shewn in the Drawing at Figure 3.
.
Supposing the lamp to have been used some time, and put out, and it is
desired to prepare it for use, the plug or screw L is to be removed from the
foot C of the lamp, by which any oil therein may be drained out therefrom.
At the same time the foot of the lamp or the vessel C will become full of
atmospheric air. The screw plug L is to be replaced, and the vessel. A is to
be supplied with oil, and a fresh wick placed in the burner F. The passage
between the vessel A and the vessel C is to be opened, when the oil in the
tube B will begin to rise, as has been before stated.
Having thus described the Invention, so far as it relates to the causing oil
to rise to the burners of lamps, I will proceed to describe the same applied to
the purposes of raising water and other fluids. Figure 5 represents an appa-
ratus for raising water or other fluids from one level to another; and in this,

page_text: Figure the same letters of reference which were before employed are used to
indicate similar parts, and as the nature of those parts is similar to those above
described, they will not require further description, other than to shew the
mode of action.
A is a reservoir of water or other fluid; C is a pipe leading to a vessel
containing atmospheric air; B is the ascending pipe, connected to the vessel
or reservoir A, it having an opening into the vessel C, to allow of the passage
of the atmospheric air therefrom. M is a vessel at the required elevation from
the vessel A, to which it is desired to raise water or other fluid from the
vessel A, the water or other fluid in dropping into the vessel C, the air there-
from will pass upwards into the tube B, and in like manner to that described
in Figure 2 the fluid in the tube B will thus be caused to rise above the level
at which the water or other fluid stands in the reservoir A, and will flow off into
the vessel M at the higher level to which it is desired to raise the water or
other fluids.
In the description above given I have confined myself to atmospheric
air as the lighter fluid to be contained in the vessel C, such being the cheapest
and best material for the purpose, but it will be evident that other fluids may
be employed; and it should be further stated, that in place of having a vessel
like C of Figures 1 and 2, to apparatus for raising water or other fluids, an
apparatus such as is shown at Figure 5 may be employed, the tube or pipe Q
leading to a force pump or other forcing machine by which air may be forced,
and by the air meeting the water or other fluid at the point F they ascend up
the pipe B in distinct globules of air and water in the same manner as when
the vessel C is employed. I would remark that I do not claim any of the
parts of the lamps separately, nor the parts of the apparatus for raising water
or other liquids, and the same may be varied without departing from the In-
vention, which consists, first, in the application of the mode or principle herein
explained to the raising of oil or other fluid in lamps, and obtaining thereby a
constant supply thereof to the burner, as above described. And, secondly, I
claim the application of the mode or principle herein explained to suitable
apparatus and pipes or tubes for raising water or other fluids from one level to
another, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles William Celarier, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven.
CHARLES GUILLAUME (L.S.) CELARIER.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighth day of September, in
the year of our Lord 1837, the aforesaid Charles William Celarier came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven.