IN APPROPRIATING WASTE PRODUCTS ARISING IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
Year: 1855

page_text: IN APPROPRIATING WASTE PRODUCTS ARISING IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN
CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS."
Scaled the 11th March 1856, and dated the 21st September 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Dale at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st September
1835.
I, JOHN DALE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufact
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPROPRIATING WASTE PRODUCTS ARISING IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF CERTAIN CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS" to be as follows:-
In the manufacture of various chemical compounds nitric or nitrous gas is
evolved and goes to waste (as is well known to manufacturing chemists), and
it is in appropriating such waste gas to the manufacture of useful compounds
that my Invention consists. The following are various processes by which the
same is carried into effect:-

page_text: 1st, I make arsenic acid by mixing arsenous acid with nitric acid, and the
evolved gases (which have hitherto been waste) I conduct into protochloride,
protosulphate, or other protosalts of tin, by means of which they are perfectly
converted into salts of the higher oxides of tin.
2nd. I make picric acid by the action of nitric acid on organic products,
and conduct the evolved gases into proiosalts of tin to peroxide the same,
às before.
3rd. I make oxalic acid by the action of nitric acid on sugar or starch,
and conduct the evolved gases into protosalts of tin io peroxide the same,
as before.
4th, I make salts of iron or copper by the action of nitric acid on iron or
copper, and conduci. the evolved gases into protosalts of tin to peroxide the
same, as before.
The persalts of tin thus obtained are used as persalis, or
posed by alkalies or their carbonates, and the resulting oxide combined
with soda or potash to form stannate of soda or potash. I also combine
the arsenic acid, if required, with soda or potash, so as to produce arseniate of
soda or potash.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Dale in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th
March 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
DALE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Dale, Her special license that I, the said John Dale, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Dale, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might, make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS

page_text: IN APPROPRIATING WASTE PRODUCTS ARISING FROM THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN
CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I. the said
John Dale, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Dale, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
siaiement, that is to say:-
The waste products which I appropriate are the waste gases which are
evolved in the manufacture of the chemical compounds, as follows:-
Firstly. I make arsenic acid by mixing arsenious acid with nitric acid. The
evolved gases (which have heretofore been waste) are conducted into proto-
chloride. protosulphate, or other protosalis of tin, by means of which they are
perfectly converted into salts of the higher oxide of tin; I also use the evolved
gas or gases for the oxidyzation of protosalts of iron. or I conduct them into
a solution of an alkali or their carbonates, producing a salt known as nitrite of
the alkali which it may have been conducted into.
Secondly, I make picric acid by the action of nitric acid on organic products,
and conduct the evolved gases into protosalts of tin to peroxidyze the same,
as before.
Thirdly, I make oxalic acid by the action of nitric acid on sugar or starch.
and conduct the evolved gases into protosalts of tin to peroxidyze the same,
as before.
Fourthly, I make salts of iron or copper by the action of nitric acid on iron
or copper, and conduct the evolved gases into protosalts of tin to peroxidyze
the same, as before.
The persalis of tin thus obtained are used as persalts, or may be decom-
posed by alkalies or their carbonates, and the resulting oxide combined
with soda or potash to form stannate of soda or potash. I also combine
the arsenic acid, if required, with soda or potash, so as to produce arseniate
of soda or potash.
What I claim as my Invention is, the use of the evolved compounds of
nitrogen with oxygen arising in the manufacture of arsenic acid, picric acid,
oxalic acid, or salts of iron or copper by nitric acid, for the oxidyzation of
protosalts of tin or iron, or for the production of the class of salts known

page_text: as nitrites, such evolved gas or gases having heretofore been a waste
product.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Dale, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Nineteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand cighi hundred and fifty-six.
JOHN DALE. (L.S.)