Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 6th Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 6th Jan., 1888
Improvou
1, WILLIAM HENRY MOORE of 28 Denmark Hill in the County of Surrey
Cheesemonger, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to this invention water pipes are prevented from bursting by attaching
air vessels to them. The air vessel I employ consists of a cylinder or pipe of
somewhat greater internal diameter than the external diameter of the pipe. This
cylinder is arranged co-axially with the pipe, its ends being closed so that an annular
air chamber is formed around the pipe. A hole or holes are bored through the side
of the pipe to make communication between its interior and the air space.
In laying
the pipe it is so arranged that the hole is at the lowest part of the air chamber, so
that when the pipe fills with water the air cannot be forced out of the chamber bui is
compressed. On a long length of pipe a number of these air chambers may be
employed, say one for every 5 or 10 feet of its length. If the water contained in a
pipe thus fitted freezes and therefore expands, in place of stretching or bursting the
pipe as is usually the case it expands into the air chamber or chambers and thus
relieves the pipe from undue strain.
1 1005
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a water pipe provided with an air vessel
constructed according to my invention. This form of apparatus is adapted for rising
mains to water cisterns.
a is the pipe and a', a', are two holes formed in its side. bis the air chamber―it
is convenient to make it so that the pipe may be threaded through it and the joints
made good to the pipe by soldering.
Figure 2 shows a modification of my invention, which is especially applicable to
descending mains from water cisterns. The same letters are used as before. In this
apparatus there is an oblique partition a separating tho holes a¹ a. When tho pipe
is of lead, and it is to such pipes that my invention is more especially applicable, the
partition is soldered into its place.
Where the natural aëration of the water passing in the pipes is insufficient to insure
the charging of the air vessel I cause the water flowing into the pipe to carry air
with it to lie air vessel. Where the water is drawn from the cistern a small tube
may be led down from above the water level into the mouth of the pipe leading out
of the cistern to the points where the supply is required. The water in descending
from the cistern by the space in the outer pipe around the air tube induces air to pass
down with it, and this air supplies the air vessel or vessels.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :―
1. My improved means for preventing water pipes from bursting, consisting in an
air vessel surrounding the water pipe and connected to it by a hole or holes
substantially as described.
2. The combination substantially as described consisting of the continuous
perforated pipo a and the air vessel 6; the said air vessel consisting of a cylinder
contracted at its ends so as to fit to the pipe a to which after being passed on to the
pipe it is secured.
3. The combination substantially as described consisting of the continuous pipe a,
the holes a a¹ therein; the partition a² between the holes a¹; and the air vessel b
surrounding the pipe a.
4. The apparatus substantially as described and shown in the drawings.