IMPROVE- MENTS IN EXPRESSING AND FILTERING OIL FROM SEEDS, AND LIQUIDS FROM OTHER SUBSTANCES CONTAINING THE SAME, AND IN APPARATUS, EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN EXPRESSING AND FILTERING OIL FROM SEEDS, AND LIQUIDS FROM
OTHER SUBSTANCES CONTAINING THE SAME, AND IN APPARATUS, EMPLOYED
THEREIN."-A communication from abroad by Guillaume Cregut, and
Tschiffeli, Brothers, all of Marseilles, France.
Sealed the 16th February 1864, and dated the 21st August 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 21st August 1863.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
*"* IMPROVEMENTS IN EXPRESSING AND FILTERING OIL FROM SEEDS, AND LIQUIDS FROM
OTHER SUBSTANCES CONTAINING THE SAME, AND. IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the employment of open plates or frames placed
one above another and connected by bolts. These plates are grooved
and pierced with holes to facilitate the passage or draining of the oil or
other liquid expressed from the substance under treatment. To charge the
apparatus it is placed above, say, the ram of a bydraulic press without a head;
the ram is made to rise and lift a presser plate free. to move up and down within

page_text: the open frames to a level with the top of the open frames. I place on this
plate a cloth or fabric, then a certain quantity of the substance to be compressed,
then another cloth, and upon this a grooved and perforated or a plain plate or
sheet of metal. I then lower the presser plate, place a second quantity of the
substance, another cloth and plate upon the last, and so on until the apparatus
is completely charged, the presser plate being caused to descend each time by
lowering the ram. I then remove the apparatus thus charged along rails or
otherwise to a press in which the substance is compressed. When all the
liquid has been expressed, I return the apparatus over the ram first named,
and drive out the solid material remaining. The cloths or fabrics may be
dispensed with. Sometimes I place fabrics of hair or wool or wire gauze
between the open frames.
Sometimes, instead of open frames placed one above another, I employ
four or other convenient number of vertical plates, which form the sides
of the apparatus. I connect them at their edges by corner pieces, and fasten
the whole together by bands or hoops and screw bolts. I find it convenient
to employ two rams and two sets of frames for each press, so that one
set of frames may be in the press, while the other is being discharged and
charged afresh..
In some cases I fix the apparatus permanently in a press, and provide the
press with a head made to slide in and out as required, the height of the ram
will be equal to the height of the press.
The apparatus may be heated by surrounding it with a
it with a double
jacket, in which' steam is made to circulate, or it may be otherwise
lented.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters, Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 20th February 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROONAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the

page_text: said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
ás I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and, Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EXPRESSING AND FILTERING OIL FROM
SEEDS, AND LIQUIDS FROM OTHER SUBSTANCES CONTAINING THE SAME, AND IN
APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," (conimunicated to me fron abroad by
Guillaume Cregut, and Tschiffeli, Brothers, all of Marseilles, France,)
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard Archibald
Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in the employment of plates either placed horizon-
tally one upon another as represented at a, a, Figures 1, 2, and 3, or arranged
vertically one against another; as seen at a', a¹, Figures 9 and 10. When the
plates are placed horizontally they may be of the open square form represented
in Figure 3, or circular or polygonal, and they are traversed and held together
by vertical bolts b. When they are arranged vertically, they are traversed
and pressed against each other by horizontal bolts 1, Figures 9 and 10.
Tightening pieces or blocks c, Figures 9 and 10, are fitted to the corners of
the frame of vertical plates a¹, to regulate the pressure of the plates against
each other; if the vertical plates are arranged in a circular form, conical
pieces or blocks should be inserted at cerfain intervals to regulate the
circumferential tightening of the plates. The. internal shape of the appa-
ratus is made square, circular, or polygonal, according to the shape desired to
be given to the oil cake or other article. Hoops & in one piece (see Figures
9 and 10) surround the plates a'; these hoops may be in several pieces,

page_text: The
united by bolts as represented in Figure 6. The horizontal plates a are
grooved as seen in Figure 6, in order to allow the oil or other liquid expressed
from the substance under treatment to flow between the plates.
vertical plates a¹ are each formed with a groove a², Figures 11 and 12,, near
their inner edge, to facilitate the draining or passage of the expressed liquid.
In both cases the liquid is received in a channel or receptacle A (Figure 2) at
bottom. The uniting bolts e of the hoops d, Figures 6 and 13, are made
excentric, in order to afford means of slightly enlarging the apparatus to
facilitate the extraction of the cakes. The bolts e may be worked separately
by a lever, or simultaneously by wheels with endless screws.
:
The apparatus is worked as follows:-Suppose the apparatus is placed on a
press X (Figures 4 and 5) without a head, and is held by guides B, in order
to commence the supply thereto the ram C of the press ✗ is made to rise and
lift a presser plate D, (Figures 1 and 2.) free to move up and down within the
apparatus to a level with the top of the apparatus. Place on the plate Da
cloth or fabric, then a certain quantity g of the substance to be pressed, then
another cloth, and upon this a perforated plate f, a fresh quantity of the
substance to be pressed, and so on, causing the ram C on which the plate D
rests to descend at each supply a distance corresponding to the thickness of
the supply. When the apparatus has been charged it is conveyed along
rails G on which a carriage E (Figures 1, 2, 7, and 8,) runs to a press H, by
which the substance in the apparatus is pressed. When all the liquid has
been expressed, the apparatus is returned on the carriage Ẹ to the press ✗,
the ram C of which is made to rise and force the cakes or compressed
substance out of the apparatus. The rails G are only of use in works where
several presses are employed, in other cases the press X should be placed in
front of the press H. Or two presses X may be employed, one in front of
and the other behind the press E, there would then be two filtering apparatus,
and while one is being compressed the other is emptied and recharged; the
work may thus as it were be carried on without interruption. In some cases
I fix the filtering apparatus on a press, the press is also fixed; the apparatus
is furnished with a head, free to slide in and out as required, and the ram is
of the same-height as the filtering apparatus. The apparatus may be heated
by surrounding it with a double jacket in which steam is made to circulate
or it may be otherwise heated.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, expressing and
filtering oil from seeds and liquids from other substances containing the same

page_text: substantially in manner and by apparatus constructed, arranged, and operating
as herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of February, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.B.)