IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER FILTERS
Year: 1885

page_text: I EDWARD JOHNSON of "Janeways" Albert Embankment Lambeth in the County
of Surrey Sanitary Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER FILTERS to be as follows:-
I construct a vessel of suitable material and of a convenient size and shape,
preferably of glass or porcelain and in the form of an inverted bell, open at the top
and terminating in an appendage in the form of a tube or hollow bulb of less
external diameter than the vessel The appendage is provided with one single
small aperture for the escape of the filtered liquid and at certain points, top and
bottom within the appendage I place pieces of carbon cloth to permit of a free
graduated and regular flow of liquid.
I charge the appendage with granulated carbon or other suitable substance but
preferably with the preparation known as "carferal" or "Feral carbon."
The vessel and appendage may be made in one piece, or they may be constructed
separately and socketed together, or united by cement or any suitable or convenient
fastening.
The whole apparatus as above described is placed immediately over (or may be
made to rest upon) another vessel to receive the filtered liquid.

page_text: I, EDWARD JOHNSON, of "Janeways," Albert Embankment, Lambeth, in the
County of Surrey, Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In carrying out my invention I construct a vessel of suitable material, and of a
convenient size and shape, preferably of glass or porcelain, and in the form of an
inverted bell, open at the top, and terminating in an appendage in the form of a
tube or hollow bulb, of less external diameter then the neck of the vessel. The
appendage is provided with one single small aperture for the escape of the filtered
liquid, and in the neck of the bulb a hollow carbon plug filled with carbon cloth
which intercepts all sedimentary matters.
I charge the appendage or bulb with finely granulated carbon or other suitable
substance, but preferably with the preparation known as "carferal" or "Feral
carbon."
The vessel and bulb may be made in one piece, or they may be constructed
separately and socketed together, or united by cement or any other suitable or
convenient method of fastening them together.
The whole apparatus as above described is placed immediately over (or may be
made to rest upon) another vessel to receive the filtered liquid.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and
ascertained, reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawing, which is an
elevation, partly in section, of my improved filter.
a is the inverted bell-shaped vessel, formed of glass or other suitable material,
b is the receptacle for the filtered water. c is the bulb, formed in one with the
vessel a. The lower end, d, of the bulb, has a small hole, through which the filtered
water passes to the vessel b. The neck of the bulb is fitted with a porous carbon
plug e, formed hollow, and filled with carbon cloth pressed together. Carbon cloth
is also laid in the lower part of the bulb cat f. The remainder of the bulb is filled
with granulated carbon.
From the foregoing description it will be understood that water placed in the
vessel a, can pass into the vessel b, only through the plug e and the bulb c; and as
these are filled with filtering materials, as herein before described, the water, in its
passage, becomes filtered and purified; all impurities being arrested by the filtering
materials, and when the latter become foul or contaminated the plug removed
from the bulb: the filtering material is also removed, and fresh material may be
inserted, and the plug replaced, when it is again ready for use.
My invention may be constructed in various modified forms, without departing
from the principle of the same as herein before described and illustrated.
Having now particularly ascertained and described the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The manufacture and use of filters having the vessel a, containing the water
to be filtered, and the bulb or other receptacle c for filtering material, combined in

page_text: one, or united in an equivalent manner, substantially as and for the purposes herein
before described and shewn on the drawing.
2. In filters of the description aforesaid, the use of the hollow porous carbon
plug e, or its equivalent, substantially as herein before described and shewn on the
drawing.
3. The use and application of carbon cloth for the general construction combi-
nation and arrangement of the several and respective parts, together forming my
improvements in water filters, substantially as herein before described and shewn
on the drawing.