Improvements in and connected with Arc Lamps.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left. 28th Sept., 1894-Accepted, 3rd Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Arc Lamps.
I, LOUIS CARL HENRY MENSING, of The City Electric Light and Power
Engineering Works, 89 Worship Street, London, Electrical Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
My invention is applicable to arc lamps in which the carbons are fed by rack,
train, and brake gear mechanism, and consists in dispensing with said rack, and
train gear, and substituting therefor a double or divided wheel or pulley pivoted to
the lower end of a pendulum which is caused to move through a certain arc by
means of solenoids, the cores of which are attached to a lever projecting from
the pivotal point of the pendulum, the radial action of the pendulum being
sufficient to cause suitable lever or levers to make contact with a fixed stud, or
other obstruction for releasing the grip of the band or wire brake, and allowing
the carbon to feed down. Over one of the wheels, a flexible cord or chain is
passed and fixed thereto for raising and lowering the top carbon instead of a rack
and pinion, as heretofore.
Within and between the double, or divided wheels, and fixed to one of them is a
ratchet wheel, and upon the other is a paul for engaging the ratchet wheel, so that
the wheels are caused to rotate as one when the top carbon carrier descends for
feeding purposes.
Around the circumference of one of the wheels, a fine wire or band is arranged,
the ends terminating in suitable levers, which under the action of the series and
shunt wound solenoids, bear against a fixed obstruction to release the brake and
feed the carbon down as the are resistance increases beyond that for which the
levers are set.
The differential solenoids are so arranged that their cores pull in opposition to
each other but in some cases, I may dispense with the shunt or series coil, and use
one or other of them singly in conjunction with the radial movement of the
pendulum to which the double or divided wheel is pivoted, which when pulled
beyond its centre becomes a lever, assisting the shunt coil to maintain the carbons
at arc distance. I also arrange a spring upon the wheel to which the flexible cord
of the top carbon holder is fixed in such a manner that as the said carbon holder
descends, the spring becomes charged, so that when the carrier is slid up for
inserting a fresh carbon the spring causes the wheel to rotate in the opposite
direction to take up the slack of the flexible cord.
When the lamp is required to burn unifocally, the cord is not attached to the
divided wheel but is passed over same and down the carrier guides to the bottom
carbon holder.
Dated this 1st day of Jonnorv 1804
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Louis Carl Henry Mensing.

page_text: Improvements in and connected with Are Lamps.
I, LOUIS CARL HENRY MENSING, of The City Electric Light and Power
Engineering Works, 89 Worship Street, London, Electrical Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention is applicable to are lamps in which the carbons are fed by rack,
train and brake gear mechanism, and consists in dispensing with said rack and
train gear and substituting therefor a double or divided wheel or pulley pivoted to
the lower end of a pendulum which is caused to move through a certain arc by
means of solenoids, the cores of which are attached to a lever projecting from the
pivotal point of the pendulum; the radial action of the pendulum being sufficient
to cause suitable lever or levers to make contact with a fixed stud or other
obstruction for releasing the grip of the band or wire brake and allowing the
carbon to feed down.
Over one of the wheels a flexible cord or chain is passed and fixed thereto for
raising and lowering the top carbon instead of a rack and pinion as heretofore.
Within or between the double or divided wheels and fixed to one of them is a
ratchet wheel, and upon the other is a paul for engaging the ratchet wheel, so that
the wheels are caused to rotate as one when the top carbon carrier descends for
feeding purposes.
Around the circumference of one of the wheels a fine wire or band is arranged,
the ends terminating in suitable levers which under the action of the series and
shunt wound solenoids, bear against a fixed obstruction to release the brake and
feed the carbon down as the arc resistance increases beyond that for which the
levers are set.
The differential solenoids are so arranged that their cores pull in opposition to
each other but in some cases I may dispense with the shunt or series coil and use
one or other of them singly in conjunction with the radial movement of the
pendulum to which the double or divided wheel is pivoted which when pulled
beyond its centre becomes a lever assisting the shunt coil to maintain the carbons
at are distance. I also arrange a spring upon the wheel to which the flexible cord
of the top carbon holder is fixed in such a manner that as the said carbon holder
descends the spring becomes charged, so that when the carrier is slid up for
inserting a fresh carbon the spring causes the wheel to rotate in the opposite
direction to take up the slack of the flexible cord.
My invention will be fully understood upon reference to the accompanying sheet
of drawings in which Figure 1 is a part side-elevation of an arc-lamp as constructed
according to my invention. Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same. Figure 3
is a plan, while Figures 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are detail views of some of the parts.
Between the base plate A and top plate B, I arrange the standard or frame C, C,
secured thereto by the nuts D, D, and upon this frame or standard C, C, is pivoted
at E a lever or pendulum, or swing frame F having two arms G, G, for carrying
the cores H, I, of a series and shunt wound coil J, K, respectively, and between
said frame Fat a given distance from the point of suspension of the lever Fa
double groove cord pulley M and brake wheel N are arranged in the slotted
bearings P for easy insertion into and removal therefrom.
The brake wheel N is recessed upon one side as at Figure 6, and has a paul Q
and spring R for engaging the ratchet teeth S formed on one side of the cord
pulley M, so that when the brake pulley N is fitted upon the sleeve T of the cord
pulley M with the paul Q entering the teeth S said ratchet wheel S is completely
enclosed.

page_text: The cord pulley M is hollowed for the reception of a coiled band or tape U one
end V of same being attached to the inside periphery of the pulley M, and the
other eud W to the arbor X which having square ends Y and fitting similarly
shaped bearing P in the frame F is prevented from turning, whereby the coil band
or tape U is wound up when the pulley M is rotated by the lowering of the top
carbon carrier A¹. A flexible copper cord or tape Z has one of its ends fixed into
one of the grooves of the pulley M and wrapped around same for the other end to
be fixed to the top carbon carrier A¹.
The top carbon carrier A' is arranged to slide up and down the guide rods B', B',
by gravity a lump C¹ being formed or attached to same to act as a weight to turn
the cord pulley M in opposition to the internally arranged coiled band or tape
which being of a comparatively great length relatively to the circumferential travel
of the pulley M offers practically no greater resistance to the gravity fall of the
carbon carrier at the end of its stroke than it does in the beginning, it being just
sufficient in all cases to rotate the wheel M in the opposite direction to wind and
take up the slack of the flexible connection Z when the carrier A¹ is lifted for the
insertion of a fresh carbon. This is very important, as by this means there is no
tendency for the arc to lengthen as the carbon carrier descends to feed the carbons,
the resistance to the brake band hereinafter described being always the same
throughout the total range of feed, whereby an absolutely steady and reliable light
is maintained.
The brake wheel N is encircled preferably by a fine silver wire D' one end being
suitably retained in hollow set screw E' for adjustment by the nut F1 in the end of
the frame F. A lever G is fulcrumed at H₁ to an extension or horn 1¹ of the
pendulum or frame F, the short end of the latter having a stud J to which the
other end of the beforementioned wire D' is fastened.
The long end of the lever G¹ is attached at K¹ to a radial link L¹ pivoted to
the standard C by a set screw M¹. A slot N in the end of the lever G allows of
a certain amount of freedom of action to said lever when the pendulum or frame F
is moved outwards by the attraction of the series solenoid core.
The series wound solenoid J under the action of the current tends to draw down
the core H and move the pendulum outward beyond the vertical centre and thereby
cause the lever G¹ to draw the wire D' to grip the brake wheel N to prevent same
from turning under the weight of the carrier A', such outward radial motion of the
pendulum or frame F also by its upward motion as indicated by the arc P₁ of a
circle it lifts by its leverage the flexible cord Z to draw the carbons apart and
widen the arc and increase the resistance, whereby a portion of the current will
traverse the high resistance solenoid K, the core I of which projects below so that
it is lifted upwards by the solenoid K in opposition to the downward pull of the
series coil Jupon the core H.
It is to be particularly noticed as it constitutes an important feature of my
invention that the outward radial movement of the pendulum or frame F under the
action of the series coil J and its core H attached to the arm G materially increases
the effective pull of the weighted carbon carrier upon the flexible cord Z, which
pull augments in increasing ratio as the pendulum or frame F is moved further
beyond the centre of gravity of the said pendulum or frame F the wheels M and N
thus serving to proportionally assist the pull of the shunt wound solenoid K in its
opposition to the pull of the series coil J. The weight of the said frame and
divided double wheels with the carbon carrier acting as a balance against the pull
of the current in the solenoid, whereby I am enabled to dispense with dashpots
and the lamp is rendered so sensitive in action that the feeding of the arc is
indistinguishable to the eye.
The cores H, I, can be regulated as to their length by the screws and nuts Q', Q',
and the movement of the pendulum or frame F can be limited by the set screws R'
making contact with the obstruction S'.
As the pull upon the shunt coil core I increases with the increasing resistance in
the arc due to the consumption of the carbons, the pendulum or frame F is moved

page_text: assisted by its own weight to the centre, and the lever G¹ is lifted by the rise of
the radial link L1 to loosen the grip of the wire D¹, and allow the brake wheel N
by the weight of the carrier turning the cord pulley M, the teeth S of which
engage the paul Q on the wheel N beforementioned, to turn and thus let out the
cord Z to feed the carbon gradually down until a reaction takes place to again
cause the lever G' to brake the wheel N and arrest further feeding of the carbon,
the engagement of the ratchet teeth S with the paul Q preventing any further
rotation of the cord pulley M.
The current is led to the lamp and distributed from the terminals T¹, T'.
From the foregoing it will be seen that the wheels M and N move together in
one direction under the weight of the carbon carrier when the grip of the brake is
released, but the wheel M is free to rotate in the opposite direction under the
tension of the internal coiled band or tape when the carbon carrier is lifted.
When the lamp is required to burn unifocally, the cord is not attached to the
divided wheel but is passed over same and down the carrier guides to the bottom
carbon holder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :--
1. In an arc lamp, suspending a swing frame or pendulum from a fixed point,
mounting combination brake and pulley wheel within or to the lower end of said
frame or pendulum and controlling the movement of said frame by a lever projecting
at right angles therefrom attached to the cores of a high and low resistance
solenoid, and drawing the carbons apart to strike the arc, by means of the outward
radial movement of the frame or pendulum, the outward movement also serving by
its leverage to increase the effective pull of the carbon carrier to balance an
increasing current in the solenoid in the manner and for the purposes described and
as shown on the annexed drawings.
2. Suspending a frame or pendulum from a fixed point, mounting a divided or
double wheel within or to the lower end of said frame or pendulum in combination
with high and low resistance solenoids whose cores are attached to an arm
projecting at right angles from said frame or pendulum and act in opposition to
each other to cause said pendulum and wheel to move away from or to the vertical
centre, as set forth.
3. The combination with a balance or swing frame F of a brake lever G¹
fulcrumed thereto at H for controlling the grip of a wire or band D upon the brake
wheel N under the combined radial movement of the frame F and connecting
link L¹.
4. An arc lamp constructed and arranged in the manner and for the purpose as
hereinbefore described and substantially as shown in the annexed drawings.
I
كيمم
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H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Louis Carl Henry Mensing.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Louis Carl Henry Mensing.