An Improved Apparatus for Automatically Registering the Issue of Tickets or Tokens, and the Pecuniary Values Represented by such Tickets or Tokens, Principally for Use in Tramcars and Omnibuses.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 28th June, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 27th Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 8th June, 1889
An Improved Apparatus for Automatically Registering the Issue of
Tickets or Tokens, and the Pecuniary Values Represented by
such Tickets or Tokens, Principally for Use in Tramcars and
Omnibuses.
I, DANIEL ROBERT O'SULLIVAN, of 19 Cambridge Street, London, S.W., Surgeon, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows: -
It consists of a closed box of such size and shape as to be readily held in and worked
with one hand. In connection with said box is a suitable receptacle into which each
ticket or token employed in conjunction with this apparatus is to be inserted by the
operator before he issues it. The tickets or tokens employed vary in their dimensions
according to the pecuniary values which they respectively represent.
4:
From the upper surface of the box there projects a lever, hereinafter referred to as
the primary lever." This lever can be moved downwards and upwards in a vertical
direction within certain limits, and by means of a slot in the upper part of the box
it is capable of transmitting the motion imparted to it during such up and down
movements to certain mechanisın contained within the box. This primary lever is to
be regarded as occupying its normal or initial position when its free extremity is
seperated from the upper surface of the box by the maximum interval as defined by
the limit of motion referred to above. The primary lever can be moved downwards
to its fullest extent when the receptacle provided for the insertion of tickets or tokens
is empty, but the amount of movement which can be imparted to it when a ticket or
token occupies the receptacle depends upon the dimensions of such ticket or token or
in other words the amount of downward movement which can be imparted to the
primary lever when a ticket or token occupies the receptacle depends upon the pecuniary
value represented by such ticket or token. The dimensions of the tickets or tokens
employed are such that the ticket or token representing the lowest pecuniary value
when inserted in the receptacle permits of but a relatively slight downward move-
ment being imparted to the primary lever. Tickets or tokens representing greater
pecuniary values when inserted in the receptacle permit of proportionately increased
downward movements being imparted to the primary lever, which is capable of having

page_text: imparted to its maximum downward movement when a ticket or token representing
the highest pecuniary value occupies the receptacle.
This invention is mainly intended for use in public conveyances such as tram-cars
and omnibuses, where the fares range from one penny up to four-pence, and where
each passenger, on payment of the prescribed fare, receives from the conductor a ticket
or token indicating the amount of such fare, but I wish it to ho understood that the
methods which employ are of general applicability for purposes of registration.
The primary lover when it has been moved downwards tends to resume its normal
position through the action of a spring.
The mode of working the apparatus is as follows :—
The primary ever being in its normal position, a ticket or token is inserted into
the receptacle provided for that purpose. The primary lever is to be then pressed
downwards as far as possible by the operator who by this maneuvre effects three
distinct operations, ria.:—
The ticket or token is cancelled or marked in any desired manner.
20 The fact that a ticket or token, irrespective of the pecuniary value represented
by it, has been so cancelled or marked is registered upon one index.
3º The puniary value represented by the ticket or token so cancelled or marked
is registere upon anothor index.
The methods whereby these three operations are effected I now proceed to describe.
Within the box of the apparatus there are two seperate and distinct indices.
Of these one index serves to register the total number of tickets or tokens issued.
Its construction and mode of action are as follows :——
It consists of two or more circular dises around the circumference of which are
engraved consecutive numbers from cipher upwards as high as may be desired.
Each of these dise- is superposed centrally alive and attached to a ratchet wheel
furnished with the same number of teeth as there are numbers engraved upon the
dise to which it is attache i. Each combination of ratchet-wheel and figured dise is
capable of revolving upon its common axis round a stl which passes through the
centre of each and is fixed at right angles to the inner surface of the side of the box.
Through suitable apertures in the side of the box the numbers engraved_upon_each
di-e are visible, one number at a time appearing through each aperture. The relation
of the ratelet-wheels to one another is such that one of them, which I designate the
primary ratelet-wheel," during its complete revolution on its axis imparts to another
ratchet-wheel, which I designate the second ratchet-wheel," an amount of rotary
motion equivalent to the substitution, at the appropriate aperture in the side of the
box, of the next number in series of those engraved upon the corresponding second
disc. Similary this second ratchet-wheel, during its complete revolution on its axis,
imparts to the third ratchet-wheel" an amount of rotary motion equivalent to the
substitution at the appropriate aperture in the side of the box of the next number in
series of thoso engraved upon the corresponding third disc, and so on with regard to
any desired number of ratchet-wheels and discs.
The first ratelet-wheel is actuated by a spring-pawl which is attached to a lever
contained within the box. This lover within the box is actuated directly by the
primary lover, and its movement, consequently, is greater or less according as the
movement imparted to the primary lever is greater or less.
The spring-pawl which actuates the primary ratchet-wheel is constructed so as to
impinge against one of the teeth of said ratchet-wheel during the downward motion
of the primary lever, and thereby to impart to the said ratchet-wheel, during that
portion of the downward motion of the primary lever equivalent to the cancelling or
marking of a ticket or token representing the lowest preuniary value, just so much
rotatory motion as suffices to effect the substitution, as the appropriate aportare in
the side of the box, of the next number in series of those engraved upon the corre-
sponding primary disc.
The spring-pawl tends to share in the more extended motion imparted to the lever
to which it is attached. Consequent upon the more extended motion of the primary
lever implied in the cancelling or marking of a ticket or token representing other

page_text: than the lowest pecuniary value, but the motion of the said pawl is, by means of a
suitably-located stud, arrested immedimly after it has imparted to the primary
ratchet-wheel the amount of rotatory motion above in-licated, which amount of urotion
is equivalent to the registration upon the index of the cancelling or marking of a ticket
or token representing the lowest pecuniary value.
The object of arresting the motion of the spring-pawl at the point mentioned is
to prevent it from imparting to the primary ratchet-wheel, as it otherwise would do
during the more extended downward motion of the primary lever implied in the
cancelling or marking of a ticket or token representing other than the lowest pecuniary
value, a greater amount of rotatory motion than suffices to effect the substitution at
the appropriate aperture in the side of the box, of the next number in series of
those engraved upon the primary disc. It will be thus understood that the rotatory
motion imparted to the primary ratchet-wheel by the spring-pawl, during the can-
celling or marking of the various tickets or tokens employed, is a constant quantity,
the same in amount whether the ticket or token represent highest, lowest, or inter-
mediate pecuniary value, and it will furthermore he unrstood that such rotatory
motion imparted to the primary ratchet-wheel suffices to effect upon the index the
registration of the fact that a ticket or token, apart from the pecuniary value represented
by such ticket or token, has been cancelled or marked, or, in other words, has been
issued by the operator. The number recorded upon said index, represents consequently
the total number of tickets or tokens issued, irrespective of the pecuniary values
represented by the tickets or tokens respectively.
In as much as a complete revolution upon their common axis of the primary
ratchet-wheel and disc causes in the second ratchet-wheel and diss an amount of
rotatory motion equivalent to the substitution at the appropriato aperture in the
side of the box of the next number in series of those engraved around the circum-
ference of the second disc, and in as much as a completo revolution upon their
common axis of the second ratchet-wheel and dise causes similarly in the third
ratchet wheel and disc an amount of rotatory motion equivalent to the substitution at
the appropriate aperture in the side of the box of the next number in series of those
engraved around the circumference of the third disc and so on, it will be perceived
that the total number of tickets or tokens cancelled or marked by the operator is
arrived at by a calculation involving multiplication and addition. Thus, supposing
for example that two ratchet-wheels and two discs are employed, each disc having
engraved around its circumference consecutive numbers from cipher up to thirty, and
that having started the apparatus with cipher visible through botli apertures subsequent
85 tens
inspection shows that the figure twenty is visible at the
aperture and the
figure ten at the "units" aperture; the total number of tickets or tokens cancelled or
marked or in other words the total number of tickets or tokens issued will then have
been 30 x 20+10=610.
The index can be worked continuously by subtracting the number started with from
the number registered at the period of subsequent inspection-both numbers being
arrived at by a process of calculation, similar to that stated.
The maximum number registrable at once upon such an index is limited only by
the number of discs employed and the height to which the consecutive figuring upon
each is carried.
The second index hereinbefore referred to as being also contained within the box
is quite distinct from and independant of the index above described. This second
index is for the purpose of registering the pecuniary value represented by each ticket
or token cancelled or marked. The construction and mode of action of this second
index are as follows:-
It consists of three circular discs each of which is superposed centrally above and
attached to a ratchet-wheel. Each of these three combinations of ratchet-wheel and
dise is capable of revolving upon its common axis round a stud which passes through
the centre of both and is fixed at right angles to the inner surface of the side of the
box. Around the circumference of one of these discs are engraved consecutive
numbers from cipher to eleven, which numbers are visible, during the rotation of the

page_text: disc upon its axis, one at a time through a suitable aperture in the side of the box
This disc serves to register pence, and I shall hereinafter refer to it as the "pennies
disc."
Around the circumference of the second of these dises are engraved consecutive
numbers from cipher to nineteen, and those numbers also aro visible, during the
rotation of the disc upon its axis, ono at a time, through a suitable aperture in the
side of the box. This second disc serves to register shillings, and I shall hereinafter
refer to it as the "shillings disc."
Around the circumference of the third disc are engraved consecutive numbers
from cipher up to any desired point in the numerical scale, the limit being determined
only by the size of the disc employed. Those numbers, as in the case of the numbers
engraved upon the pennies and shilling discs respectively, are visible through a
suitable aperture in the side of the box, one at a time during the revolution upon its
axis of the disc on which they are engraved. This third disc serves to register
pounds, and I shall hereinafter refer to it as the "pounds dise."
The three apertures in the side of the box through which are visible the three
sets of consecutive numbers which register respectively pence, shillings and pounds,
occupy the same horizontal line. Through the central aperture are visible tho
numbers engraved on the shillings dise, through one lateral aperture are visible the
numbers engraved on the pounds dise, and through the second lateral aperture are
visible the numbers engraved on the pennies dis
When the apparatus is held in such a position that the figures, viewed through
the respective apertures in the side of the box, occupy a normal, vertical position, the
number seen through the left-hand aperture is to be read off as representing pounds,
the number seen through the central aperture is to be read off as representing shillings,
and the number seen through the right-hand aperture is to be read off as representing
pence.
i
The ratchet-wheel connected with the pennies' disc is furnished with twelve
teeth the ratchet-wheel connected with the shillings dise is furnished with twenty
teeth and the ratchet-wheel connected with the pounds dise is furnished with the
same number of teeth as there are numbers engraved upon the pounds disc.
;
The relation of these three ratchet-wheels to one another is such that the pennies
ratchet-wheel, during its complete revolution upon its axis, imparts to the shillings
ratchet-wheel just so much rotatory motion as causes a substitution at the central
aperture in the side of the box of the next number in series of those engraved upon
the shillings disc.
Similarly the shillings rutchet wheel during its complete revolution upon its axis
imparts to the pounds ratchet wheel just so much rotatory motion as causes a substitu-
tion at the left-hand aperture in the side of the box of the next number in serios of
those engraved upon the pounds disc.
The pennies ratchet-wheel is actuated, during the downward motion imparted to
the primary levor, by a spring-stud attached to one extremity of the summe levor
which carries the spring-pawl hereinbefore described as actuating the index which
registers the total number of tickets or tokens issued.
As hereinbefore explained, the lever to which are attached the spring-pawl which
actuates the index employed for registering the total number of tickets or tokens
issued and the spring stud which actuates the ratchet-wheel of the pennies disc,
derives its motion directly from the primary lever.
The spring-stud participates in the motion imparted to the lever to which it is
attached, and consequently the spring-stud depends, for the extent of its motion, upon
the extent of the motion imparted to the primary lovor.
The relation of the spring-stud to the ratchet-wheel attached to the pennies disc
is such that the motion of the primary lever equivalent to the canoolling or marking
of a ticket or token representing the lowest pecuniary value, (in this case assumed to
be one penny), imparts, through the agency of the said spring-stud, to the ratchet-
wheel attached to the pennies disc just so much rotatory movement as causes the
substitution, at the right-hand or pennies aperture in the side of the box, of the

page_text: ext number in series of those engraved around the circumference of the permes
isc. In other words, the downward notion of the primary lever equivalent to the
ancelling or marking of a ticket or token representing a pecuniary value of ono
enny, imparts to the pennies dise, through the agency of the spring-stud, an
mount of rotatory movement equivalent to the registration of one penny.
Under the conditions assumal, a complete revolution upon its axis of the pennies
ise corresponds to the registration of twelve pence or one shilling, and a completo
evolution upon its axis of the shillings disc corresponds to the registration of twenty
hillings or one pound.
As has been herein before stated, the amount of downward motion which can be
mparted to the primary lever while a ticket or token occupies the receptacle into
which each ticket or token is to bo inserted befor being issued, depends upon the
dimensions of such ticket or token, the dimensions of the tickets or tokens employed
varying according to the pecuniary values which the tickets or tokens respectively
represent. Each ticket or token, on being placed in the receptacle, automatically
determines, by its dimensions, the amount of downward motion which can be imparted
to the primary lever.
The dimensions of the various tickets or tokens employed are such that a ticket or
token represeming a pecuniary value of one penny, permits, on being placed in the
receptacle, of so much downward motion being imparted to the primary lever as
suffices to produce, through the agency of the spring-stud hereinbefore mentioned,
an amount of rotation in the pennies disc equivalent to the substitution at the right-
band or pennies aperture in the side of the box, of the next number in series of those
engraved around the circumference of the pennies dise, or in other words an amount
of rotation in the pennies disc equivalent to the registration of one penny. A ticket
or token representing a pecuniary value of two pence, on being placed in the receptacle,
permits of so much downward motion being imparted to the primary lever as suffices
to produce, through the agency of the spring-stud, an amount of rotation in the
pennies disc equivalent to the substitution at the right hand or pennies aperture in
the side of the box of the next number but one in series of those engraved around the
circumference of the pennies disc, or in other words an amount of rotation in the
pennies disc equivalent to the registration of two pence. Similarly tickets or tokens
representing values of three pence and four pence respectively, on being placed in the
receptacle, permit of so much downward motion being imparted to the primary lover
as suffices to effect the registration in the manner above described, of three pence and
four pence respectively, and so on for tickets or tokens representing still greater
pecuniary values.
The ratchet-wheel attached to the pennies disc is retained in the position given to
it by the action of the spring stud during the downward motion of the primary lever,
by means of a back-slash spring. and this position it maintains until the next down-
ward motion of the primary lever brings it into action again.
The cancelling or marking of each ticket or token issued by the conductor is
effected, while the said ticket or token occupies the ticket-receptacle, by means of a
plunger. This plunger is actuated indirectly by the primary lever which transmits
its motion to the said plunger through the intervention of the lever hereinbefore
described as carrying the spring-pawl which actuates the index serving to register
the total number of tickets or tokens issued, and the spring-stud which actuates the
index serving to register the pecuniary value represented by the tickets or tokens
issued.
The plunger cancels or marks in any desired manner the tickets or tokens during
the downward motion imparted to the primary lever, and the cancelling or marking
of each ticket or token issued is effected simultaneously with the double registration
herein before described as taking place in connection with the issuing of each ticket or
token.
The tickets or tokens employed consist of card-board or other suitable material, so
as to be readily cancelled through the action of the plunger by having a portion
punched out or by being marked by the plunger in any desired manner.

page_text: By having the different sets of tickets or tokens numbered consecutively the
amount of each set issued by the conductor can readily be calculated and the constituent
parts of the total number of tickets or tokens registered can easily be determined.
This obviates the necessity, should punching out a portion of each ticket or token be
adopted as the method of cancelling them, of retaining the punched-out portions for
subsequent identification.
If the primary lever is moved downwards to its maximum fimit while the ticket.
receptacle is empty, the effect upon the two indisces is as follows: -
The index which serves for the registration of the total number of tickets issned
acts as if one ticket had been cancelled and issued-it registers one.
The index which serves for the registration of the pecuniary value represented by
the tickets or tokens acts as if a ticket or token representing the highest pecuniary
value had been cancelled and issued—it registers, under the conditions hereinbefore
assumed, four pence.
The employment of the apparatus hereinbefore described secures, by the methods
hereinbefore detailed,
1° That the tickets or tokens issued by the conductor are cancelled or marked in
any desired manner.
2 That the total number of tickets or tokens issued is registered upon one index.
3° That the amount of money represented by the total number of tickets or tokens
issned is registered as Pounds, Shillings and Pence upon another index.
These three operations are affected automatically and simultaneously in the case
of each ticket or token issued by the conductor when he presses down the primary
lever.
Dated this 28th dow of Tu tou

page_text: I DANIEL. ROBERT O'SULLIVAN of 19 Cambridge Street, London, S. W., Surgeon do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Reference being also had to the accompanying two sheets of drawings, in which
Figure 1 is an elevational view of the device according to my invention, showing the
left side plate removed, the mechanism being in the normal position. Figure 2 is a
similar view showing the levers depressed, and Figure 3 is an elevational view of the
apparatus with the right side plate removed. Figure 4 is a plan of the device looking
from above, and Figures 5 to 11 inclusive are detached views of the various parts, the
special toothed wheel Figure 11 being drawn to an enlarged scale.
The apparatus according to my invention comprises an enclosing case or box A of
such size and shape as to be readily held in, and worked with one hand. In the
lower part a of the front of said enclosing case or box is formed a slit or aperture b
for the insertion therein by the operator of a ticket or token to be punched, per-
forated or otherwise cancelled previous to the issue thereof. The tickets or tokens
employed, vary in their dimensions according to the pecuniary values they respectively
represent.
From the upper surface of the containing case or box A projects a lever B herein-
after referred to as the "primary lever." Said lever B which is provided with a
tongue piece e can be moved upwards and downwards in a vertical direction within
certain limits, and, by means of a slot in the upper part of the case A. it is capable of
transmitting the motion imparted to it, to the mechanism contained within said
enciosing case A.
The primary lever B is to be regarded as occupying its normal or initial position
when its free extremity is separated from the upper surface of the box by the
maximum interval as defined by the limit of motion referred to above.
The primary lever B being in the normal position, where it is retained by the
tension of a suitable spring, or equivalent, a ticket or token is inserted into the
aperture 6. The primary lever is then to be pressed downwards as far as possible
by the operator, who, by this action effects three distinct operations, namely (a)
The ticket or token is cancelled or marked in any desired manner. (b) The fact
that a ticket or token, irrespective of the pecuniary value thereof, has been so
cancelled or marked is registered upon one index, and (c) The pecuniary value
represented by the ticket or token so cancelled or marked is registered upon another
index.
say:
The method whereby these three operations are effected is as follows, that is to
Within the enclosing case or box A are arranged two separate and distinct indices
C, D), one of which D serves to register the total number of tickets or tokens issued.

page_text: Suid index D consists of two or more circular dises d, d' Figure 4, around the
circumference of which are engraved, stamped, or otherwise marked consecutive
numbers from cypher upwards as high as may be desired. Each of said dises dd
is superposed centrally above and attached to a ratchet wheel furnished with
the same number of teeth as there are numbers engraved upon the disc to which it is
attached. Each combination of ratchet wheel and figured disc is capable of revolving
upon a common axis round a stud passing through the centro of each, and is fixed
ni right angles to the inner surface of one side of the enclosing case A. Through
suitable apertures in the side of the box A the numbers engraved upon the discs are
visible, one number at a time appearing through each aperture. The relation of the
ratchet wheels to one another is such, that one (e) which I designate as the "primary
ratchet wheel during its complete revulation on its axis imparts to the second
ratchet wheel, which I designate the "secondary ratchet wheel," an amount of
rotatory motion equivalent to the substitution, at this appropriate aperture in the sido
of the case A. of the next number in series of those engravel upon the corresponding
secondary disc d. Similarly the "secondary ratchet wheel" during its complete
revolution on its axis, imparts-when more than two dises are employed.-to the
third ratchet wheel, an amount of rotatory motion equivalent to the substitution
at the appropriate aperture in the side of the enclosing case of the next number
in series of those engraval upon the corresponding third dise, and so on with regard
to any desired number of ratchet wheels and figured discs.
"
it
The first above mentioned ratchet wheel is actuated by a spring pawl E attached
to a lever F, which latter is mounted upon the spindle atoresaid. Said lever F
is netuated directly by the "primary lever" B by me ins of the tongue piece e above
referred to, and it movement consintly is greater or less according to the degree
of movement imparted to said "primary lever 13. The spring pawl E, which
netuate the primary ratchet wheel" is so constructed as to impange against one
of the teeth thereal" during the downward motion of said primary lever, and thereby
to impart to said ratchet wheel so much rotatory motion as will effect the substitu-
tion, at th appropriate aperture, of the next number in series of those engraved
upon the corresponding primary dise. The spring paw! E tends to share in the
more extended motion imparte to the lever F, consequent upon the more extended
motion of the "primary lever" B implied in the cancelling or marking of a ticket
or token representing other than the lowest poenniary value, but the motion of said
pawl E, is by means of the stud f, arrested immediately after it has imparted to the
" primary ratchet wheel" the amount of rotatory motion above indicate 1, which
amount is equivalent to the registration upon the index of the cancelling or marking
of a ticket or token representing the lowest pecuniary value. The object of arresting
the motion of the spring pawl E, at the point mentioned, is to prevent it from
imparting to the "primary ratchet wheel" as it would do during the more extended
downward motion of the "priaury lever" B. a greater amount of rotatury motion
than suffices to effect the substitution at the appropriate aperture in the side of the
enclosing case of the next number in series of those marked upon the primary dise d'.
It will be thus understood that the rotatory motion imparted to the "primary
ratchet wheel" by the spring pawl E during the cancelling or marking of the
various tickets or tokens employed, is a constant quantity, the same in amount
whether the ticket or token aforesaid reprosents the highest, lowest, or intermediate
pecuniary value, and it will furthermore be understood that such rotatory motion
imparted to the "primary ratchet wheel" suffices to effect upon the index the
registration of the fact that a ticket or token has been cancelled or marked, or, in
other words, has been issued by the operator. The number recorded upon said
index represents consequently the total number of tickets or tokens issued, irre-
spective of the pecuniary value represented by said tickets or tokens.
Inasmuch as a complete revolution upon their common axis of the "primary
ratchet wheel" and dise, causes in the second rachet wheel and disc an amount of
rolatory motion equivalent to the substitution at the appropriate aperture in the
enclosing case of the next number in series of those marked on the second disc,

page_text: and, inasmuch as a complete revolution of the second ratchet wheel and disc causes
similarly in the third ratchet wheel and disc, an amount of rotatory motion
equivalent to the substitution at the appropriate aperture in the side of the
enclosing case of the next number in series of those marked upon the third disc
and so on, it will be perceived that the total number of tickets or tokens cancelled or
marked by the operator is arrived at by a calculation involving a multiplication and
addition. Thus, supposing for instance that two ratchet wheels and two discs are
employed, each disc having marked thereon consecutive numbers from cypher up to
thirty, and that, having started the apparatus with cypher visible through both
apertures, subsequent inspection shows that the figure 20 is visible at the tens aperture
and the figure 10 at the units aperture; the total number of tickets or tokens cancelled
or marked, or, in other words, the total number of tickets or tokens issued will then
have been 3×20+10=610.
The index can be worked continuously by subtracting the number started with
from the number registered at the period of subsequent inspection, both numbers being
arrived at by a process of calculation similar to that last above described.
The maximum number capable of being registered upon such an index as above
described, is limited only by the number of discs employed, and the height to
which the consecutive figuring upon each is carried.
The second index herein before referred to, is quite distinct from, and independent
of the index last above described, and is devised for the purpose of registering the
pecuniary value represented by each ticket or token cancelled or marked.
It consists of three discs gg" superposed centrally above, and attachod to ratchet
wheels Figure 4. Each of these combinations of ratchet wheel and disc is
capable of revolving upon a common axis round the studs or pins which pass
through the centre of each and are fixed at right angles to the inner surface of the side of
the enclosing case A. Upon the disc y are marked consecutive numbers from ( to 11
representing pence which numbers are visible during the rotation of the disc upon its
axis, one at a time, through a suitable aperture formed in the side of the enclosing
Said disc g will be horeinafter referred to as the "pennies" disc.
case.
Upon the second disc g' are marked consecutive numbers from 0 to 19, representing
shillings, these numbers are also visible one at a time, during the rotation of the disc,
through an aperture formed in the side of the enclosing case.
This second disc will be hereinafter referred to as the "shillings" disc.
Upon the third disc g" representing pounds are marked consecutive numbers
from 0 up to any dosired point in the numerical scale, the limit being determined
only by the size of the disc employed. Said disc will be hereinafter referred to
as the "pounds" disc. The numbers on the disc ", as in the case of those upon the
pennies and shillings discs 9 g', are visible through an aperture in the side of the
enclosing case.
g
The three apertures in the side of the enclosing case A through which are visible
the three sets of consecutive numbers registering respectively pence, shillings and
pounds, occupy the same horizontal line.
"
Through the central aperture are visible the numbers engraved upon the "shillings"
disc; through one lateral aperture are visible the numbers marked upon the "pounds"
disc, and through the other lateral aperture are visible the numbers marked upon the
"pennies" disc.
When the apparatus is held in such a position that the figures, viewed through the
respective apertures in the side of the enclosing case, occupy a normal, vertical position,
the number seen through the left hand aperture is to be read off as representing
pounds; the number seen through the central aperture, is to be read off as representing
shillings, and those seen through the right hand aperture, are to be read off as
representing pence.
"
The ratchet wheel shown to enlarged scale Figure 11 connected with the
pennies" disc g is furnished with twelve teeth; the ratchet wheel ' connected with
the "shillings
disc g' is provided with twenty teeth, and the ratchet wheel "
connected with the "pounds" disc g" is provided with the same number of teeth as
33

page_text: ".
1
there are numbers upon said "pounds "dise g". The relation of the three ratchet
wheels to one another is such that the "pennies" ratchet wheel 4, during
complete revolution upon its axis, imparts to the shillings" ratchet wheel sufficient
rotatory motion to cause a substitution at the central aperture above mentioned of the
next number in series of those marked upon the shillings" dise g. Similarly the
shillings "ratchet wheel during a complete revolution upon its axis, imparts to
the "pounds" ratchet wheel ", sufficient rotatory motion to cause a substitution at
the left hand aperture of the next number in series of those marked upon the "pounds
disc aforesaid.
看好
"
The pennies" ratchet wheel is actuated, during the downward motion of the
primary lover B, by a spring stud Figures 9 and 10 attached to the extremity of the
lover F. which carries, as above described, the spring pawl E for actuating the index
which register- the tal number of tickers or takens issue. As above explainol, the
lever Eupon which are mounted the spring pawl E and spring stud derives its
motion directly from the primary lever B. The spring stud participates in the
motion imparted to the lever E to which it is attached, and consequently said spring
stud j depends, for the extent of its motion, upon the extent of the motion imparted to
the primary lever B.
The relation of the spring stud to the "pennies" disc g is such that the motion of
the primary lover B, equivalent to the cancelling or marking of a ticket or token,
representing the lowest pecuniary value, (in this case assumed to be one penny,)
imparts to the ratchet whel h, by means of said spring stulj, sufficient rotatory move-
ment to cause the substitution, at the right hand or "pennies" aperture, of the next
number in series of this marked upon the "pennies" dise In other word, the
downward motion of the primary lever B imparts to the" pnnios" disce g by means
of the spring stud j, an amount of rotatory motion equivalent to the registration of one
penny.
"
Under the conditions assume 1, a complete revolution up on its axis of the "pennies
dise corresponds to the registration of twelve pence or one shilling, and, a complete
revolution of the shilings disc g' upon its axis, corresponds to the registration
of twenty shillings or one ponad.
66
.
As hereinbefore stated the amount of downward motion of the primary lover B,
while a ticket or token occupies the slit or aperture 6, depends upon the dimensions
of such ticket or token, such dimensions varying according to the pecuniary values
represented hereby. Each ticket or token, on being in-erted in the aperture b,
automatically determines, by its dimensions, the amount of downward motion whichi
can be imparted to the primary lever Baforesaid. The dimensions of the various tickets
or tokens employed are such, that a ticket or token representing a pecuniary value
of say, one penny, permits, on being inserted in the slit or aperture of so much
downward motion being imparted to the primary lever B, sufficient to produce hy
moans of the spring stud jan amount of rotation of the "pennios" disc g equivalont
to the substitution at the right hand or pennies" aperture, of the next number in
series of those marked upon said pennies disc, or, an amount of rotation of the
“pennies” disc g equivalent to the registration of one penny. A tiekot or token
representing a pecuniary value of two-pence, on being inserted in the aperture b,
permits of the downward motion of the primary lever B sufficient to produce by
means of the spring stud j, an amount of rotation of the "ponnica" disc g
equivalent to the substitution at the right hand aperture, of the nost number bat
one of those markel upon the pennies dise g, or, an amount of rotation «quivalent
to the registration of two-pence. And in like mammer tickets or tokens representing
values of threepence and fourponco respectively, on being inserted in the slit b
permit of so much downward motion of the primary lever B as will suffice to effect
the registration above described of three pence and fourpence rospectively, and
so on for tickets or tokens representing higher pecuniary values than those above
mentioned.
The caneciling or marking of the tickets or tokens issued is effected while said
ticket or token occupies a position within the slit or aperture of the apparatus, by

page_text: means of a plunger G (Figures 12 and 3) actuated indirectly by the primary lever B,
which transmits its motion to said plunger G by means of the lever above described.
The downward motion of the plunger G is determined by the intervention of a sliding
rod H, moving telescopically within a tube I, which latter, pivoted to an arm J, is actuated
by means of a rack and pinion by the pivoted lever K, Figures 1 to 6 inclusive.
The extremity of the rod H aforesaid which passes through an eye formed in the head
of the plunger G terminates in a vertically arranged plate, having steps of various
heights formed thereon, the different heights of said steps corresponding to the
amount of downward motion of the lever B required for the registration of tickets
or tokens of different pecuniary values. In a suitable position on the rod H
aforesaid is fixed an arm which, riding in a slot in the enclosing case A, extends
through and slides freely within the slit or aperture 6 in which the tickets or
tokens are to be inserted. When no ticket is inserted in the aperture 1. the sliding
rod H will, by virtue of the tension of a spiral spring m assume the position shown
in Figure 2, that is, with the plunger depressed upon the lowest step; but, inasmuch
as it is not desirable for obvious reasons to depress the primary lever B when no ticket
is inserted in the aperture provide a locking rod a capable of lateral motion only
and retained in a normal vertical position by means of a suitable head spring or
equivalent.
On now inserting a ticket or token into the slit or aperture 6, the rol n is moved
forward from its vertical position by said ticket or token thus unlocking the primary
lever B, and the rod H is moved sideways a distance corresponding to the predetermined
width and pecuniary value of said ticket or token.
The plunger cancels or marks in any desired manner the tickets or tokens during the
downward motion of the primary lever B, said cancelling or marking being effected
simultaneously with the double registration herein before described in connection with
the issuing of each ticket or tokon.
The tickets or tokens employed may be formed of card board or other suitable
material, and by having the different sets of tickets or tokens numbered consecutively,
the amount of each set issued can he readily calculated, and the constituent parts of
the total number of tickets or tokens registered can be easily determined, thus
obviating the necessity, should punching out a portion of each ticket or token be
adopted as the method of cancelling them, of retaining the punched out portions for
subsequent identification.
In the event of the rod a being broken or failing to resume its normal vertical
position, the effect of the downward motion of the primary lover B upon the two indices
is as follows-The index which serves for the registration of the total number of
tickets issued, acts as if one ticket had been cancelled and issued, it registers one, and
consequently against the operator.
The index which serves for the registration of the pecuniary value represented by
the tickets or tokens acts as if a ticket or token representing the highest pecuniary
value had been cancelled and issued.
The employment of the apparatus above described secures by the methods herein-
before detailed, (a). That the tickets or tokens issued by the operator are cancelled
or marked in any desired manner. (6). That the total number of tickets or tokens
issued is registered upon one index; and (c), that the amount of money represented
by the total number of tickets or tokens issued is registered as Pounds, Shillings and
Pence upon another index. These three operations are effected automatically and
simultaneously in the case of each ticket or token issued by the operator when pressing
down the primary lever B.
The dimensions of the tickets or tokens employed are such, that the ticket or token
representing the lowest pecuniary value, when inserted in the slit or aperture b, permits
of but a relatively slight downward movement of the primary lever B. Tickets or
tokens representing greater pecuniary value, when inserted in the slit b permit of
proportionately increased downward movements of said primary lever B, which
is capable of having imparted to it, its maximum downward movement when a
ticket or token representing the highest pecuniary value is in the slit or aperture b.

page_text: This invention is devised mainly for use in public conveyances, such for instance as
train cars omnibuses and the like where the fares range from one ponny upwards,
and where each passenger, on payment of the prescribed fare, receives from the
conductor a ticket or token indicating the amount of such fare, but I wish it
to be understood that the methods which I adopt are of general applicability for
purposes of registration.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First In a ticket registering apparatus the combination with a primary lever B
of a pivotel lever K, rack and pinion for actuating the tube telescopically sliding
rod and arm sub-t intially as, and for the purposes herein described and shown.
Second: In a ticket registering apparatus the primary lever B whereby motion is
imparted to a pivoted lever Kaetuating, by means of a rack and pinion the tube I
telescopically sliding rod 11, and arm in combination with a plunger G which
obtains motion indirectly from said primary lover B substantially as and for the
purpose set forth and shown.
Third-The mole of and means employed for varying the downward movement
of the primary lever B and plunger G substantially as set forth.
Fourth In the improved ticket registering apparatus heroin described, the com-
bination with a primary lover B of a pivoted lever E upon which is mounted a spring
pawl which latter in the downward movement of said primary lover B and pivoted
levor E takes into the teeth of and transmits motion to the ratchet wheel
numerical registering index substantially as and for the the purpose described.
of a
Fifth The adaptation to a pivoted lever E obtaining motion from a primary
lever B of a spring stud mounted upon the extremity of said pivoted lever E sub-
stantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Sixth-In my improved registering apparatus the method which I adopt for
calculating the number of tickets or tokens issued, by multiplication and addition
substantially as set forth.
Datad this 27th day of March 1880