Improvements in and relating to Machinery or Mechanism for Breaking, Crushing, and Grinding Phosphate Stones and similar Hard Materials Used in the Manufacture of Manure.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 27th May, 1887
Complete Left, 23rd Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 29th Mar., 1888
Improvements in and relating to Machinery or Mechanism for
Breaking, Crushing, and Grinding Phosphate Stones and
similar Hard Materials Used in the Manufacture of Manure.
We THOMAS DARLING, of the firm of Johnson and Company, Manure Manufacturers
of Spittal, in the town and county of Berwick-on-Tweed, and JOHN FORD, Foreman
to the said firm, do hereby declare the nature of our invention to be as
follows:-
This Invention has reference to improvements on present combinations of mechanism
for the crushing of the phosphate stones used for the manufacture of manure powder,
or powder containing phosphates for mixing with other manures; and which
arrangement of mechanisin comprises any of the usual stone crushing mills, preferably
generally those with the reciprocating angled jaws actuated by powerful levers, which
crush the large stones into smaller pieces, combined with large heavy roller mills in
shallow flat bed pans on the ground, into which the material from the crushing
mills is shoveled to be pulverized, and elevators or elevating bands and buckets
for taking up the pulverized material from these roller mills to French burr stone
grinding mills on flats above, which deliver the material in a powdered state down
shoots into bags, ready for being carted away. -
In these machines heretofore, it has been usual to pass the whole of the stones
so far reduced in the crushing mill all through the pulverizing runners, and up
through the burr grinders. But by these improvements we place a strong grating
below the breaking and delivery cheeks of the crushing mill, at a considerable
angle, over a pit or angled recess close at the side of the pan of the edge roll
mill, so that the crushed material in gliding over this grating delivers the larger
pieces to one side ready for being shoveled into the pan, but allows all the smaller
crushed material to pass down into the recess below the grating, the angled sides
of which deliver this ground material into the angled buckets of the ordinary
elevator, which also receives the pulverized material on the other side from a recess
and plate door formed in the outer bed of the edge running crushing or pulverizing
rolls.

page_text: A further improvement consists in fitting over this recess, in place of the usual
flat plate delivery door, a grating plate in the outer flat bottom of the bed of the
rolls, preferably with the gratings running annularly in the direction of the rollers, all so
that the edge running rolls as they grind the material on the bottom of the pan,
spread the material out over this grating, and which, when sufficiently pulverized,
automatically passes through the grating to the elevators, while the guard scrapers
conduct or direct the unpulverized material back under the rollers to be crushed, so
that the work goes on continuously feeding and crushing, and does not require to
be stopped to deliver the irregularly crushed material down through the recess or plate
door usually employed, into the elevators. The elevators thus take up all the material
from the crushing mill and the pulverizing roll mill in a state ready for being sifted
by the improvement hereinafter described and ground in the burr millstones. But a
further improvement consists in mounting a horizontal or slightly angled reciprocating
or vibrating sieve with angled plate bottom below, the sieve being hung by leather straps
and links to a framing above, and oscillated or vibrated by a crank spindle in the contre,
driven by a vertical and horizontal shaft with bevel pulleys and band, from any
convenient motive power shaft. The elevated pulverized material is delivered at
the higher end of the tray sieve, which riddles the fine powdered material through
the sieve from the coarser material, and delivers it into a hopper and spout from
the angular plate bottom below; while the coarse or unpowdered material is
delivered out at the open lower end of the sieve into hoppers and spouts below
it for supplying and leading it to the burr millstones to be completely ground
into powder, when it is led into the same or equivalent spouts into which the
powdered material from the sieve was delivered thus mixing the crushed and
ground material thoroughly so as to be run into bags on the lower flat, ready for
being carted away for use all as hereinbefore described. These improvements savo
much time and labour in the process besides making it more automatic and con-
tinuous, without re-pulverizing or grinding the material which has been reduced
to powder in the first crushing mechanism and pulverizing runners.

page_text: Improvements in and relating to Machinery or Mechanism for
Breaking, Crushing, and Grinding Phosphate-stones and
similar Hard Materials Used in the Manufacture of Manure.
We, THOMAS DARLING, of the firm of Johnson and Company, Manure Manufacturers,
of Spittal, in the town and county of Berwick-on-Tweed, and JOHN FORD, Foreman
of the said firm, do hereby declare the nature of our Invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by.
the following statement in writing reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :—
Our said Invention has reference to improvements on present combinations of
mechanism for the crushing of the phosphate-stones used for the manufacture of manure
powder, or powder containing phosphates for mixing with other manures, and such
like hard materials used in the manufacture of manure which are afterwards mixed
with acids or other liquids.
And in order that our said Invention, and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, we have hereunto appended
an explanatory Sheet of Drawings in which the same reference letters are used to
indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown. Figure 1 is a front
elevation and Figure 2 a side elevation partly in section, of machinery or mechanism
for breaking, crushing, and grinding phosphate-stones and similar hard materials used
in the manufacture of manure, embodying our improvements as applied thereto.
Figures 3 and 4 are a front and side view respectively showing the new or improved
screen or grating B, and recess B' in, and part of, the crushing mill A A¹, broken
away to a larger scale than in Figures 1 and 2 to show these details more clearly.
And Figures 5 and 6 are a sectional side elevation and plan respectively, of the pan
mill, to a larger scale than seen in Figures 1 and 2, so as to show more clearly our
improvements as applied thereto.
Referring to these Drawings; our arrangement of mechanism comprises any of the
usual stone crushing mills, preferably generally those with the reciprocating angled
jaws actuated by powerful levers as shown at A A', which crush the large stones into
smaller pieces, combined with large heavy roller mills in shallow flat bed pans on the
ground as shown at D, D', E, into which the material from the crushing mills A A',
is shovelled to be pulverized, and endless chains of elevators or elevating bands and
buckets CC, for taking up the pulverized material from these roller mills DE, all
direct to the sieve the rough passing over it to the hoppers and spouts h, h¹, of French-
burr-stone grinding mills H, H', on flats above, which deliver the material in a
powdered state down shoots K, meeting the fine material from the sieves at the
discharge mouth of burr-stone and passing together into bags k, ready for being
carted away.
In these machines heretofore, it has been usual to pass the whole of the stones or
crushed material so far reduced in the crushing mill A A', all through the pulverizing

page_text: runners D, D¹, and pan E, and up and down through the burr-grinders H H¹. But
by these improvements we place a strong grating B, below the breaking and delivery
cheeks of the crushing mill A A¹, at a considerable angle, over a pit or angled recess B₁
close at the side of the pan E of the edge roll mill D, so that the crushed material in
gliding over this grating B, delivers the larger pieces to one side B³, ready for being
shovelled into the pan E, but allows all the smaller crushed material to pass down into
the recess B¹ below the grating B, the angled sides of which deliver this ground
material into the angled buckets C¹, of the ordinary elevator C C', which also usually
receives the pulverized material on the other side from a recess F¹ and plate
door formed in the outer bed E of the edge running crushing or pulverizing
rolls D.
A further improvement consists in fitting over this door space or recess F11, in place
of the usual flat plate delivery door, a grating plate F in checked recesses in the outer
flat bottom of the bed E, of the rolls D, preferably with the gratings running annularly
in the direction the rollers D run, as shown particularly in Figures 5 and 6, all so
that the edge running rolls D, as they grind the material on the bottom of the pan E,
spread the material out over this grating F, assisted by blades E¹, E', and which, when
sufficiently pulverized, automatically passes through the grating F, to the pit B¹ and
clevators C, C¹, while the ordinary guard_scrapers E2 E2, conduct or direct the
unpulverized material back under the rollers D, to be crushed, so that the work goes
on continuously feeding and crushing, and does not require to be stopped to deliver
the irregularly crushed material down through the opening plate door usually
employed, into the pit B¹ of the elevators C C¹. The elevators C, C₁ thus take up all
the granular material from the crushing mill A A', and the pulverizing roll mill D, in
a state ready for being sifted by the improvement hereinafter described, and ground in
the burr millstones H H¹. A further improvement consists in mounting a horizontal
or slightly angled reciprocating or vibrating sieve G G₁, with angled close sheet metal
tray and shoot bottom g below, the sieve G G¹, being hung by leather straps and
links g', to a framing above, and oscillated or vibrated by a vertical crank spindle g
in the centre, driven by a horizontal shaft g³ with bevel wheels and pulleys and
band, from any convenient motive power shaft. The said elevated pulverized material
is delivered by the elevators CC, and spout C, to the higher end of the tray G having
a fine wire meshed sieve bottom G', above the tray g, which riddles the fine powdered
material through the sieve from the coarser material, and delivers it into the hopper
and spout g from the angular plate bottom g below; while the coarse or unpowdered
material is delivered out at the open lower end over the sieve G¹, into the hoppers h, h,
and spouts ¹, h, below it, for supplying and leading it to the burr millstones H H¹,
to be completely ground into powder, when it is led into the same or equivalent spouts K,
into which the powdered material from the sieve spout 9, was delivered, thus mixing
the fine crushed material delivered through the sieve G G, with that ground material
from the burr millstones H H¹, thoroughly, so as to be run into bags k, on the lower flat,
ready for being carted away for use all as herein before described. These improvements
save much time and labour in the process besides making it more automatic and con-
tinuous, without re-pulverizing or grinding in the millstones the material which had been
reduced to powder in the first crushing mills A A', and pulverizing runners D D¹ and E.
The improvements thus essentially consist in separating and sifting the finely
pulverized and crushed material in the mill A A', and pulverizing pan mill D, D¹, E,
and mode and means or appliances for doing this, by the gratings B and F, and
sieve G G¹, and thus prevent the necessity of passing and grinding this and the whole
pulverized and crushed material through the burr-stones H H¹, as has been the case
heretofore.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
First. The construction, or general arrangement and combination of the parts of
mashina
1
whraubata stañes and

page_text: similar hard materials used in the manufacture of manure, all substantially as herein
described, in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. In machinery or mechanism for breaking, crushing and grinding phosphate-
stones and similar hard materials used in the manufacture of manure, the fitting of a
strong angled fine grating B, below the breaking and delivery cheeks of the crushing
mill A A', over the pit or angled recess B'₁, so as to deliver the larger pieces of material
to one side, and pormit the powdered or granulated material to pass down into the
recess B¹, of the elevators, substantially as herein described, in reference to and shown
in the accompanying Drawings.
Third. The fitting of a grating F, in the outer flat bottom of the bed E, of the edge
running rolls D D¹, so that the latter may spread the material out over this grating F,
and automatically deliver the pulverized material down into the pit recess B₁, of the
elevators, substantially as herein described, in reference to and shown in the
accompanying Drawings.
Fourth. The mounting of a horizontal or slightly angled reciprocating or vibrating
fine sieve G, G¹, g, hung by leather or equivalent straps and links to a framing above,
for separating the fine material. from the elevated pulverized material before passing
into the grinding millstones H H', substantially as and for the advantages herein
described in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Dated this 23rd day of February 1888.
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
Agents.