A NEW MATERIAL TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES, AND ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE PURPOSES FOR WHICH BRISTLES, HORSEHAIR, AND HUMAN HAIR ARE NOW USED
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Werner Staufen, of George Street, Portman Square,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "A NEW MATERIAL
TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES, AND ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE
PURPOSES FOR WHICH BRISTLES, HORSEHAIR, AND HUMAN HAIR ARE NOW
USED."
Sealed the 24th October 1862, and dated the 30th April 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Werner Staufen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
April 1862.
I, WEBNER STAUFEN, of George Street, Portman Square, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW
MATERIAL TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES, AND ALSO APPLICABLE TO
THE PURPOSES FOR WHICH BRISTLES, HORSEHAIR, AND HUMAN HAIR ARE NOW USED,"
to be as follows:-
"
I take the fibres of the tree known to botanists as the "arenga saccharifera,"
which is chiefly found in India and the Eastern Islands, and I treat them
with a hot alkaline solution, in order to remove the resinous matter, after
which the fibres are dyed, dried, and sorted into lengths and thicknesses.
The fibres are then suitable to the manufacture of brushes. In some in-
stances I use the fibre in its natural state without any chemical preparation.
According to the various thicknesses of these fibres so they are applicable
to the manufacture of brushes, or as a substitute for bristles, horsehair, and
human hair in every purpose to which they are now applied.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Werner Staufen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th October 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WERNER
STAUFEN, of George Street, Portman Square, in the County of Middlesex,
send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reigu, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Werner Staufen, Her special licence that I, the said Werner
Staufen, my execute rs, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Werner Staufen, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A
NEW MATERIAL TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES, AND ALSO APPLI-
CABLE TO THE PURPOSES FOR WHICH BRISTLES, HORSEHAIR, AND HUMAN HAIR ARE
NOW USED," upon the condition (amongst others) that, I, the said Werner
Staufen, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Werner Staufen, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :--
My new material is that which results from the treatment, hereafter
described, of the bark of a certain tree known as the arenga saccharifera.
I prepare the bark to obtain the said material in the following manner :-
I take the bark of the arenga saccharifera tree, and in order to obtain the
fibres clear of all other matters, I sometimes soak the bark in water to
dissolve out any saccharine or other matters soluble therein, and whether
soaked or not, in order to free the fibres from any resinous or gummy matters
they may contain, or there may be mixed with or adhering thereto. I boil

page_text: from three-quarters of an hour to two hours in an alkaline solution con-
taining, say, about 25 lbs. of alkali, using, by preference, soda to 100 gallons
of water; or I use a caustic alkaline solution cold. When the fibres are
freed from the resinous, gummy, and other soluble matters they are taken out
of the alkaline bath and soaked in a mixture of about 5 lbs. fatty or oily
matter, 1 lb. of alkali, and 90 gallons of water. After they have remained in
this mixture about 12 hours they are removed and dried, when they will be
found to be tough and elastic. If the fibres are required to be dyed, they
are washed in water and boiled in the alkaline solution, as above described,
after which they are dipped into the mordant solution, and dyed in the usual
well known manner of dyeing vegetable substances; after dyeing the fibres
are soaked in the mixture of fatty or oily matter, alkali and water, as pre-
viously described, and finally dried either in the open air or by artificial heat.
When dry the fibres are drawn or assorted into different sizes to suit the
purposes for which they are intended. The coarser fibres are selected to be
used in place of bristles, or in combination with bristles, in the manufacture
of brushes in the same manner as bristles are now employed; the smaller
fibres are to be used in place of horsehair, either by weaving them into
seating or curling them as stuffing, and the finest fibres may be used as a
substitute for human hair for plaits of head dresses, bracelets, chains, and
otherwise.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,
First, the new material resulting from the treatment of the arenga
saccharifera herein-before described.
Second, the employment of such new material for the manufacture of
brushes, and for all purposes for which bristles, horsehair, and human hair
are now used.
In witness whereof, I, the said Werner Staufen, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of October, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-two.
WERNER STAUFEN.
(L.S.)