Improvements in Nut Locks.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 15th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 21st Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Nut Locks.
I JOSEPH ALBERT HARRIS of 228 Main Street Moncton in the County of
Westmorland Province of New Brunswick Dominion of Canada Barrister do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to nut locks, or fastenings for nuts on bolts which screw on
the bolt after the nut.
I am aware that previous to my invention nuts have been secured or locked by
means of a device bearing some resemblance to mine inasmuch as a V shaped spring
was employed with straight thread cut on one arm, and an open hole of larger
diameter cut on the other arm of the V, which latter arm was placed next the nut
to allow the spring or hinges to play and bend against the nut while the threaded
arm was set to hold the same in position, but there are difficulties in this device
which mine is designed to overcome, and which will be apparent on reforring to the
description which follows.
I attain the object of my invention by introducing in one of the arms of the Van
inclined thread cut on a suitable angle from the thread on the bolt and by making
an incision in the other arm so as to enable double springs to be formed by turning
one edge thereof up and the other edge down, or forming several bearings by
deflecting the edges thereof in opposite directions, thus combining the V spring and
the several other springs or bearings so formed with the said inclined thread in the
upper arm by which means a fourfold pressure upon the nut and bolt is produced
without deflecting the bolt.
The improved nut lock or V spring is constructed of a flat piece of spring steel
of suitable thickness in which is cut two holes at proper distances from each other
and in one of which holes an inclined thread is cut to engage the bolt on an angle
to its axis, or if desired said thread may be cut straight but the inclined thread
greatly tends to prevent any reverse movement of the nut or nut lock. In the other
end of said plate a larger opening is made than the threaded hole, and from its
centre outward is cut a radial incision to the end or outer edge of said plate, the
divided parts are then bent or deflected in opposite directions to form several springs
or bearings on either side of said incision, the plate is then bent over to form a
V shaped spring. The nut lock so constructed is screwed on the bolt over and
outside the nut by means of the thread so cut, the larger opening being next the nut
while the threaded arm will be outside.
In a modified form of this improved nut lock I construct one of the deflected
spring prongs longer and of different shape than the other for the purpose of
spreading and catching over the edge of the nut when it is screwed up in proper
position for causing it to catch.
The nut lock is made preferably of spring steel, or such metal as will give the
required strength and elasticity, and its general dimensions are such as to suit the
work it is to perform. The hexagon form has been found to be more favourable to
the operation of the springs.
In operating this device it will be found that the incline, or cutting thread, at an
angle from the bolt and face of the nut produces a better result. The use of this
inclined thread is a part of my novelty when taken in connection with the said springs
or bearings, and when this thread is properly cut, the upper arm of the nut lock
should stand at an inward incline on the bolt from the heel or bend of the V.
I designate the nut lock a compound plate, from the fact that it consists of two
connected arms or members forming a spring hinge, one having a threaded hole and
the other having an enlarged opening, and the two deflected springs adapted to

page_text: contact respectively with the bolt and the nut, as well as with the outer arm or
member of the plate when it is screwed on.
Dated this 15th day of February 1899
HERBERT & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Nut Locks.
I JOSEPH ALBERT HARRIS of 228 Main Street, Moncton in the County of
Westmorland, Province of New Brunswick in the Dominion of Canada, Barrister
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to nut locks or fastenings for nuts on bolts which screw on
the bolt after the nut.
I am aware that previous to my invention nuts have been secured or locked by
means of a device bearing some resemblance to mine, inasmuch as a V shaped spring
was employed with straight thread cut on one arm, and an open hole of larger
diameter cut on the other arın of the V which latter arm was placed next the nut to
allow the spring or hinge to play and bend against the nut, while the threaded
arm was set to hold the same in position; but there are difficulties in this device
which mine is designed to overcome, and which will be apparent on referring to the
drawings and description which follows.
I attain the object of my invention by introducing in one of the arms of the Van
inclined thread, cut on a suitable angle from the thread on the holt, and by making
an incision on the other arm so as to enable double springs to be formed by turning
one edge thereof up and the other edge down, or forming several bearings by
deflecting the edges thereof in opposite directions, thus combining the V spring
and the several other springs or bearings so formed with the said inclined thread in
the upper arm, by which means a fourfold pressure on the nut and bolt is produced
without deflecting the bolt.
The improved nut lock or V spring is constructed of a flat piece of spring steel
of suitable thickness, in which is cut two holes at proper distances from each other,
and in one of which holes an inclined thread is cut to engage the bolt on an angle
to its axis, or if desired, said thread may be cut straight, but the inclined thread
greatly tends to prevent any reverse movement of the nut or nut lock. In the
other end of said plate a larger opening is made than the threaded hole, and from
its centre outward is cut a radial incision to the end or outer edge of said plate, the
divided parts are then bent or deflected in opposite directions to form several springs
or bearings on either side of said incision; the plate is then bent over to form a
V shaped spring.
The nut lock so constructed is screwed on the bolt over and outside the nut by
means of the thread so cut, the larger opening being next the nut while the
threaded arm will be outside.
In the annexed drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view of the plate showing the threaded hole and the plain
opening.
Fig. 2 shows the plate with the edges cut so that the plate will present a
hexagonal shape when folded, the incision being also shown.
Fig. 3 is an elevation of Fig. Fig. 4 is an elevation of Fig. 2 showing the
manner in which the edges at the end of the plate are curved or deflected to form
the springs.
Fig. 5 is a side view, Fig. 6 is a plan view on one side and Fig. 7 a plan view on
. the other side of the plate after it has been bent up to form a nut lock.
Figs. 8 and 9 show the lock nut in different positions behind the nut on a bolt.
'

page_text: Fig. 10 is a plan view of a modified form of lock nut and Fig. 11 shows the same
upon a bolt, this lock nut being one in which I construct one of the deflected spring
prongs longer and of different shape than the other for the purpose of spreading
or catching over the edge of the nut when it is screwed up in proper position for
causing it to catch.
The nut lock is made preferably of spring steel, or such metal as will give the
required strength and elasticity, and its general dimensions are such as to suit the
work it is to perform.
The hexagon form as shown, has been found to be more favorable to the
operation of the springs.
In operating this device it will be found that the incline or cutting thread B at
an angle from the bolt and face of the nut produces a better result. The use of
this inclined thread is a part of my novelty when taken in connection with the said
springs or bearings, and when this thread is properly cut, the upper arm of the nut
lock should stand at an inward incline on the bolt from the heel or bend of the V
as shown in Fig. 9.
I designate the nut lock a compound plate, from the fact that it consists of two
connected arms or members forming a spring hinge, one having a threaded hole B
and the other having an enlarged opening A and the two deflected springs adapted
to make contact respectively with the bolt and the nut as well as with the outer
arm or member of the plate when it is screwed on by means of thread B on arm X,
arm Y lying next to nut N.
The arm Y being provided with the deflected springs at E and F will press
against nut N, the downward spring bearing against it, while the upward spring
will bear against the threaded outer arm X of the compound plate when said
threaded arm X is screwed up, or tightened against it; the spring at S will
cooperate with said springs at E and F as the nut lock is rotated, thus producing a
compound pressure and frictional contact upon both bolt and nut at suitable points,
so that when the nut lock is thoroughly set the several springs will bear together
upon the nut and bolt, while the inclined thread will exert its pressure and serve to
bind the nut, while it tightens springs E and F, and increases the frictional contact,
thereby securely locking the nut against movement in any direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a nut lock such as herein described, the combination of the bolt and nut
with a steel plate bent into spring shape, forming a V in cross section, and applied
to the bolt exteriorly of the nut, the outer arm of which is provided with a thread
cut at an angle to the face of the nut and the axis of the bolt, to engage the bolt
on a slight incline, and exert an increased frictional contact upon the nut and bolt:
the inner arm of said spring plate having a hole of larger diameter than the
threaded hole, the inner arm of said spring plate being provided with two springs,
deflected in opposite directions and operating in connection with the hinge or
V spring, the parts working in combination to produce a compound frictional
contact with the nut and bolt, and impinge forcibly against the outer face of the
nut whereby same is firmly locked and secured against any motion whatever.
2. In a nut lock substantially as hereindescribed, the combination of a V spring
formed by bending a spring plate and provided with two openings and the inclined
thread cut on the outer arm of the V spring, of the springs deflected at the point
of incision on the inner arm thereof, operating together upon a bolt and primary
nut fitted thereon to bind the nut and lock the same by means of the compound
frictional contact exerted on the nut and bolt as set forth.
3. In a nut lock the combination of a V spring formed by bending a steel plate,
of two deflected springs produced by making an incision at the outer edge of the
inner arm of the V spring the outer arm of said spring plate being provided with

page_text: a thread to engage the bolt, operating substantially for the purpose and in the
manner herein specified.
4. In a nut lock the combination with a bolt and a nut of the compound spring
plate fitted on said bolt, and having an inner and outer arm, its inner arm provided
with deflected spring prongs which respectively engage the nut and the outer arm
substantially as described.
5. In a nut lock, the combination with a bolt and a nut of the compound spring
plate having an inner and outer arm; in its outer arm an oblique thread which
engages the bolt, the inner arm of said spring plate being provided with spring
prongs which engage respectively with the nut and the outer arm, substantially as
described.
6. As an article of manufacture, the compound spring plate herein described,
having the inner and outer arms, and threaded opening in the outer arm, and its
other arm provided at the free edge, with the deflected spring prongs, substantially
as and for the purpose described.
7. In a nut lock the combination of a ✓ spring formed by bending a steel plate,
of two deflected springs produced by making an incision at the outer edge of the
inner arm of the V spring, the outer arm of said spring plate being provided with
a thread to engage the bolt, while the inner arm is composed of two deflected springs
or prongs which respectively engage the nut and upper or outer arm of said V spring,
one of said engaging prongs or springs being provided at its outer extremity with a
hook or grapple for catching over the edge of the nut as the pressure and resistance
of the nut causes said projecting prong to spread and catch the edge thereof, the
said compound spring plate operating to effectually and firmly lock a primary nut
in the manner hereindescribed and set forth.
8. In a nut lock such as herein described the combination with a bolt and nut of
the compound spring plate fitted on said bolt exteriorly of the nut thereon and
having its upper or outer arm of greather thickness than its inner or under arm, aud
provided with an opening screw threaded to engage the bolt, the threads of which
are cut at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the bolt and the face of the nut, and
with the inner arm of said V shaped spring provided with deflected spring prongs
having at their extremities sharp projections or curves to contact forcibly against
the outer face of the nut, and cut into the same in different directions to fasten the
nut and prevent it from turning either backward or forward on the bolt, thereby
firmly and effectually locking the same as heréin set forth.
1
11000
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicant.