IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING FIBRE FROM WOVEN AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Garth Marshall, of Leeds, in the County of
York, Flax Spinner, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
AND PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING FIBRE FROM WOVEN AND OTHER TEXTILE
FABRICS."
Sealed the 29th April 1862, and dated the 14th January 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Garth Marshall
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 14th January 1862.
I, JAMES GARTH MARSHALL, of Leeds, in the County of York, Flax
Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MACHINERY AND PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING FIBRE FROM WOVEN AND OTHER
TEXTILE FABRICS," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to disentangle or separate the strands of warp
and weft of woven and other textile fabrics, and then to comb or card the
strands so separated so as to reproduce the fibre in a more advantageous form
for subsequent manufacture than would result from the processes now in use
for that purpose. To effect this, in the first place, I divide the woven or other
fabric into strips or pieces in a direction diagonal or oblique to the strands of

page_text: the warp and weft, so that the strands both of warp and weft may be equally
acted upon when presented to a cylinder covered with card filletting or other
suitable points. Before placing these strips or pieces on the cylinder I stretch
and soften them by passing them between a number of pair of fluted rollers,
each pair of rollers having a small draft upon the preceding pair. When
required, these rollers may be arranged so as to revolve alternately in opposite
directions, the forward or advancing revolution predominating over the back-
ward or retrograde revolution, so as gradually to carry forward the strips or
pieces and deliver them at the delivering end of the set of rollers. The strips
thus prepared are fed on to the cylinder covered with card fillitting or other
suitable points, and combed or carded as in the usual process of treating wool,
tow, and other fibres. I find it useful to feed the strips on to the cylinder
through several sets of feeding rollers, each set consisting of two or more
rollers, so as to feed the material on to the cylinder very slowly. The fibres
will thus be separated by the machine and delivered in a sliver more suitable
for subsequent manufacturing operations than can be produced by the processes
-now-in use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filel
by the said James Garth Marshall in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 14th July 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 'I, JAMES
GARTH MARSHALL, of Leeds, in the County of York, Flax Spinner, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Garth Marshall, Her special license that I, the said
James Garth Marshall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said James Garth Marshall, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain, and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY AND PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING

page_text: FIBRE FROM WOVEN AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst
others), that I, the said James Garth Marshall, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Garth Marshall, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
The object of my Invention of "Improvements in the Machinery and Pro-
·cesses for Producing Fibre from Woven and other Textile Fabrics" is to
disentangle or separate the strands of warp and weft of woven and other textile
fabrics in a better and more convenient manner than heretofore, and then to
comb or card the strands so separated, so as to reproduce the fibre in a more
advantageous form for subsequent manufacture than would result from the
pro-
cesses now in use for that purpose. To effect this object I, in the first place,
divide the woven or other fabric into strips or pieces in a direction diagonal or
oblique to the strands of the warp and weft, so that the strands both of warp and
weft may be equally acted upon when presented to a cylinder covered with card
filleting or other suitable points. The strips cut or divided in this manner are
placed on a travelling endless apron, and are fed between feeding or holding
rollers which retain or hold them while they are operated upon by a rotating
cylinder covered with card filleting or other suitable points, whereby the fibres are
combed out or carded as in the usual process of treating wool, tow, and other
fibres. I find it useful to feed the strips on to the cylinder through several
sets of feeding rollers, each set consisting of two or more rollers, so as to feed
the material on to the cylinder very slowly. The fibres will thus be separated
by the machine and delivered in a sliver more suitable for subsequent manu-
facturing operations than can be produced by the processes now in use. When
canvas or unbleached linen or hemp is to be operated upon in the machine,
the fabric or material may with advantage be previously subjected to any of
the well-known bleaching processes in order to soften or prepare the fibres for
the subsequent disintegrating process.
Having now described my Invention of "improvements in the machinery and
processes for producing fibre from woven and other textile fabrics, and having
explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I claim as the Invention

page_text: secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid, the mode or process and appa-
ratus herein set forth for operating upon woven or textile fabrics for the
purpose of disintegrating the same and obtaining useful fibres therefrom.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Garth Marshall, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Eleventh day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Signed and sealed by the said James
Garth Marshall, in the presence of
ROBERT LAYFIELD,
No. 27, East Parade, Leeds.
J. G. MARSHALL. (L.S.)