IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR STEERING SAME
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Patent Agents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS,
AND IN APPARATUS FOR STEERING SAME." A communication from abroad by
.,Pierre Frigon, of the City of Montreal, in the Dominion of Canada, Builder and
Contractor.
Sealed the 27th July 1877, and dated the 6th June 1877.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th June 1877.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Patent. Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR STEERING SAME." A communi-
cation from abroad by Pierre Frigon, of the City of Montreal, in the Dominion of
Canada, Builder and Contractor.
This Invention has reference to improvements in the rudders and other attach-
ments, etc., thereto, and to a certain extent requires the stern post and other parts of
the ships, etc., to be modified to suit my Invention, as will herein-after be more fully
explained, for the purpose of rendering the rudder removable and replacable from
the deck of the vessel while the same is at sea, so that if the rudder becomes
defective after a vessel has put to sea the necessary repairs may be more casily
effected.
In the Drawings hereunto annexed similar letters of reference indicate like parts,
and Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a vessel showing an embodyment
of my Invention; Fig. 2 is an end elevation of rudder and rudder post; Fig. 3, a
plan of Figs. 1 and 2.
Figs. 4, 5, and 6 is a section on line A, B, and C respectively, Fig. 1.
Figs. 7 and 8 are details of modifications.
Fig. 9 is a modification of Fig. 1; Fig. 10 is a plan of Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is-a
section on line E, Fig. 9; Figs. 12, 13, and 14 are modifications of Fig. 7.
Letter a is the stern of a vessel of ordinary construction; if the vessel is a screw
propeller b would be the opening in which the screw works; c is the stern post;
and d, the rudder post, all as at present in use, with the exception of the peculiar
construction-of the rudder post d, which is provided with a circular beade attached

page_text: to it by a neck f; g is the rudder made in one with a tubular stock h to fit upon
the beade of the stern post. In various parts of the stock h, as shown, is made
semicircular, while in other parts, i, it is formed as a complete tube, with the
exception that sufficient of the circle is removed for 'the neck f to slide through.
Where the parts i exist openings & are cut in the neck f to enable the rudder to
turn about; where the neck is left entire, as at the parts l, the tube h is reduced
to a semicircle or half tube to enable the rudder to turn about; m is the ordinary
shoe, but made with a suitable recess to receive the end of h, and to enable it to
turn about within the recess; in Fig. 1 there are two parts, i, shown, and three
parts, ; but I do not, confine my Invention to be so constructed, as the number
of the parts i and may be varied considerably. In the vessel an opening n is
made of sufficient size for the rudder to pass through, suitable hatch covering o
being provided to close this opening when the rudder is in place and not required
to be removed. The upper extremity of the tube from above the point p is made
into a solid bar, and provided with an end q extending above the deck. For the
purpose of making the end a concentric with the centre line of revolution of the
rudder it requires to be bent, as shown; upon it is secured a rack r, and it is
terminated with a square end 8.
Within the framework of the ship is secured a sliding bolt t; this may be done
in any ordinary manner, having great strength; the bolt t is provided with a point
suitable for entering between the teeth of the rack r; the bolt t may be operated
by any of the ordinary mechanical contrivances, such as by providing it with a
rack and operating it by gears or wheels, as shown in Fig. 1, or by a screw
engaging with a projection, as shown in Fig. 9, or by providing a rack a below it,
as shown in Fig. 8, with which a lever will engage, and thereby force the end of
the bolt t into close contact with the rack T.
In Fig. 9 instead of a bolt ta sliding plate b² is provided having two teeth
agreeing with the teeth of the rack, the object of the plate b₁ or bar t being to lock
the rudder amidships and prevent it from swinging about whenever it is desired to
secure the rudder for repairs or for removal.
In the modification shown in Fig. 9. instead of the rudder g having a stock, as
represented in Fig. 1, it is provided with a solid stock c¹, as shown in Fig. 11; this
is made perfectly true to revolve in a groove formed in the rudder post & extending
from end to end of the rudder post. An opening n is also in this case provided,
arranged in every way similar to that described in Fig. 1. To the stocks q
and will be attached the ordinary tiller and steering apparatus; the upper
extremities of the stocks 7 and c' terminate in squares s and e¹; these squares are
for the purpose of placing a lever on' in case the tiller apparatus should break; and
the methods I have arranged for doing this are shown in Figs. 7, 8, 12, 13,
and -14. In Fig. 12 the sides of the squares are made tapered, and the lever f¹,
part of which only is shown, is provided at its end with a socket agreeing with the
configuration of the end of q; this tapering of the end, and corresponding taper of
the socket, allows the rudder to work about more or less as the socket is lowered
down to close contact, thus preventing the sudden shock that would be felt in
suddenly stopping the rudder's motion, a bolt g¹ being provided for securing the
two together.
.
In the modifications shown in Figs. 7 and 8, to the stock 7 is secured a yoke a³
having a larger flat surface b; c* is a lever having a flat surface d³ corresponding
with the flat surface b²; e² are recesses made in the deck for inserting uprights to serve
as guides for the lever c³, or these may be formed by placing hand spikes or other
levers in the recesses e³, the rack a¹ serving as a hold for a lever to catch upon, and
acting upon the end of the lever cover the rack a¹ forces the surface d³ down upon
the surface b; this being gradually done, the motion of the rudder is gradually
decreased, and the shock that would otherwise be experienced if the rudder were
suddenly stopped is obviated. When the end of the lever c² and the yoke a³ come
together they may be secured by bolts or other similar devices, as shown in Fig. 7.;
fare segments of circular guides placed on the deck, and so situated that when

page_text: the surface d is pressed down on the surface 6, the end of c³ will just fall within the
grooves of the segments f²; and when the lever c² is in any position but that of
amidships the segments will assist in keeping the flat surface d² down upon the
flat surface b; after the lover c³ is in place chains or tackles may be attached to
it, as indicated in Fig. 7, for steering it by, and this arrangement may be provided
in the modification shown in Figs. 12, 13, and 14.
In Fig. 13 the lever is provided with a forked end a³ for engaging with the
square end, formed as at e¹, and by bringing this erid gradually to engage with the
square e¹ (Fig. 9) the motion of the rudder is gradually checked. It will be seen
that in Fig. 7 the yoke a² is made in the same form, so that the lever shown in
that Fig. may be operated as above described, or in like manner, as described in
Fig. 13.
In Fig. 14 a yoke 6³ is attached on the end e¹ of the rudder stock, being of the
proper size to receive the end of the lever c², but with flaring ends, so that by
gradually entering the lever c* the rudder's motion will be gradually stopped.
Whenever it is desired to remove the rudder it is only necessary to secure it
amidships by either the bolt tor the plate b¹, and by any suitable tackling lift it,
there will be no obstruction to prevent its sliding clear up; or instead of holding
the rudder by the bolt t or plate b¹ the levers and apparatus shown in Figs. 7, 8,
12, 13, and 14 may be used.`
What I claim is as follows :-
1st. The combination of the rudder g, having stock / constructed as described,
with the rudder post d, having neck f, bead e, and openings k, substantially as
described.
2nd. The combination of the rudder g, having stock c³, with the rudder post d¹,
arranged as described and shown in Figs. 9 and 11.
3rd. The combination of the post h, rack r, and bolt t, or plate b¹, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
4th. The combination of the rudder stem q, yoke a², lever c, and segmen f 9
substantially as shown in Fig. 7 for the purposes set forth.
5th. The lever c³ in combination with the rudder stock e³, substantially as shown
in Fig. 13.
6th. The combination of the lever c*; yoke 6³, and rudder stock e², substantially
as shown in Fig. 14.
7th. The combination of the rudder stock q, having a tapered square end 8, in
combination with the lever f¹ having a correspondingly formed matrical socket at
its end to receive the end 8, substantially as shown in Fig. 12.
.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
TT
T
ADDY
H. J. HADDAN. (LA)