An Improved Implement for Tilling, Dressing, and Sowing Land.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Nov., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 7th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Implement for Tilling, Dressing, and Sowing Land.
I ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON of 46 Southampton Buildings, Holborn in the
county of Middlesex and 31 Lincoln Place Leinster Street Dublin, Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for AN IMPROVED IMPLEMENT FOR
TILLING, DRESSING AND SOWING LAND a communication to me from abroad by
Pierre Feat Founder, of Bodilis, in the Republic of France to be as follows :-
The plough the subject of the present invention is a wheel plough having double
socks, or shares, and is likewise provided with a drill box or boxes, divided into two
compartments, for carrying seed and pulverulent manure, it also acts as barrow after
the seed sowing. All the active parts of the plough are borne by the same beam, and
are capable of adjustment such as the position of the coulter, and the pitch or
inclination of the share, for taking more or less land," as circumstances may
require.
Although the implement is a double plough, it is easily lifted out of the soil, as the
front wheel being lower than the first mould board, this latter rises from the ground
at the end of the furrow. A lever placed in rear at the right-side of the stilts, enables
the ploughman to effect this, by drawing the lever down so as to lift the plough from
the earth.
The leading wheel compels the plough to follow the direction of the horses or other
draught cattle. By removing the second sock, or share, from the beam which is a
simple operation, the implement then forms a single plough, it can therefore be used
either as a single or double acting plough as desired.
In addition to cutting the furrow slice, the improved plough can be transformed
into either a harrow, or drill plough, for sowing seeds of all kinds, and also for
manuring with different kinds of pulverulent manure.
Between the two shares, is a fluted, or grooved roller, which completely reduces,
and breaks up the projecting ridges, and so forms a uniform surface, thus preparing
the soil for the reception of the seed.

page_text: This roller is kept clear by a comb. Above this roller and fixed to the beam is the
drill box, the bottom of which is furnished with a steel distributer, and also two blades
capable of being brought together or separated at will, by aid of adjusting or regulating
screws.
A toothed wheel, or a cam on the end of the axis of this roller, imparts a continuous
reciprocating, or backward and forward motion to the distributer, the seed falls from
the sieve in the drill box onto the comb which latter spreads the grain equally on the
soil.
The second mould board, of the rear sock, or share, being properly adjusted, covers
the seed with the requisite depth of earth.
The implement therefore performs the different labours of ploughing, and
dressing the earth (by means of the box containing the manure, as already
described) harrowing, and sowing the seed, it is consequently very economical in
cost and labour.
It has the advantages of reducing traction, and consequently the number of horses
or other cattle required for the draught.
In certain cases it may be useful and economical to remove the rear sock, or share,
and to substitute therefor, a second drill box, which with the requisite conductors,
distributes the grain in other drills besides those already supplied with seed from the
preceding box.
Dated this 7th day of November 1887.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Implement for Tilling, Dressing, and Sowing Land.
I ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON of 46 Southampton Buildings Holborn in the
county of Middlesex, and 31 Lincoln Place Leinster Street Dublin, Patent Agent
do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for AN IMPROVED IMPLEMENT FOR
TILLING DRESSING AND SOWING LAND and in what manner the same is to ho per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
a communication to me from abroad by Pierre Féat, Founder of Bodilis in the
Republic of France, to be as follows :-
The plough the subject of the present invention is a wheel plough having double
socks or shares, and is likewise provided with a drill box or boxes divided into two
compartments for carrying seed, and pulverulent manure, all the active parts of the
plough are borne by the same beam, and are capable of adjustment, such as the
position of the coulter, and the pitch or inclination of the share for taking more or less
land as circumstances may require.
Although the implement is a double plough, it is easily lifted out of the soil as the
front wheel being lower than the first mould board, this latter rises from the ground
at the end of the furrow.
A lever placed in rear at the right side of the stilts enables the ploughman to effect
this by drawing the lever down so as to lift the plough from the earth.
The leading wheel compels the plough to follow the direction of the horses or other
draught cattle.
By removing the second sock or share from the beam, (which is a simple operation),
the implement then forms a single plough, it can therefore be used either as a single
or double acting plough as desired.
In addition to cutting the furrow slice the improved plough can be transformed
into a drill plough for sowing seeds or grain of all kinds and also for manuring with
different kinds of pulverulent manure.
Fixed to the beam is a drill box divided in the centre into two or more compart-
ments for containing the grain and the pulverulent manure.
The second mould board of the rear share being properly adjusted covers the seed
with the requisite depth of earth.
The implement therefore performs the different labours of ploughing and dressing
the earth (by means of the box containing the manure as already described) and
sowing the seed, it is consequently very economical in cost and labour.
It has the advantage of reducing traction, and consequently the number of draught
cattle required.
In certain cases it may be useful to remove the rear share, and to substitute therefor
a second drill box, which with the requisite conductor distributes the grain in drills
other than those already supplied with seed from the preceding box.
In the accompanying drawings a plough of the description embodying my invention
is illustrated.

page_text: Fig. 1 is a side view seen from the side of the drill box. Fig. 2 is a plan of the
same. Figs. 3 and 4 are two vertical sections of the drill box, one taken transversely
to the beam, and the other in a plane parallel with it.
Fig. 5 represents one of the plates covering the transverse faces of the box, more
particularly described hereafter.
The beam A, of the plough is curved upwards in the front of the implement to
facilitate mounting the several parts and for drawing it.
The rear end of the beam bears the stilts 9. 7 and levers o. t which serve to guide
the plough and put it in or lift it from the earth, as well as to start or arrest the
action of the drill box. This rear end rests on the ground or the bottom of the furrow
by aid of the wheel p, whose axis is borne in bearings terminating the lower end of
the lever o.
It will be observed that the axis o', on which the lever o turns receives a toothed
pinion o², actuated by an endless chain passing over this wheel and one of larger
diameter pmounted on the axis of the wheel p. The wheel o² draws with it an
which by aid of a collar and rod v give the requisite motion to the drill
box distributing organs.
eccentric
ونا
The lover o is fixed in the position desired on the sector o³, by means of a spring
bolt. The action of the seed and manure box is arrested by it when the plough is
lifted from the furrow at the end of the field (or when so required), for this purpose
it is connected by a shaft ot, to a lever o, which pivots on the beam near the drill
box, and is furnished with a projection or pin o, for raising the eccentric rod ¹, or
let it drop for effecting its connection or disconnection with a lever operating the
shafts of the drill box. This box X comprises a case with inclined sides, and divided
in the centre into two compartments d and supported by an arm bolted or otherwiso
attached to the beam.
Longitudinally, that is to say transversely with the beam, the box has two hori-
zontal arms. ', supplied above the distributing orifices with brushes which oscillating
backwards and forwards drive out the grain or manure. The lateral face of the box
is hollowed for the entry of the axes . and their brushes, the openings being closed
with a plate X with mortised anglo (vide Fig. 5) having a handle for fitting or
removing it.
The shafts. ¹ are at the side of the beam solid with the two levers y. y' which
latter are united by the rod y' to the forked rod y between the forks of which is the
ond of the eccentric rod v'. This end of the rod v' is notched at 2 for hooking onto
the pin y, of the rod y³, but this hooking can only take place when the lever o, keeps
the rear wheel p in motion.
Per contra when the lever o, is lowered on the stilts, it lifts the pivoting lever of by
means of the rod of, and the lever o', by its pin of raises and unhooks the eccentric
rod v¹.
The shafts. being thus liberated obey the action of a counterweight s mounted
on a levers, solid with the shaft a. and influenced by this weight the brushes close
the distributing orifices b. c.
The opening of these orifices is regulated by steel slides governed by the regulating
screws, c. The rear orifices open into shoots or conductors 6, directing the grain
manure onto the mould board: one or more chains 6, admit of sloping the
conductors more or less; these may or may not be independent of each other.
or
The plough e with share g, and mould board h, is provided with a coulter e¹, or
large cutting plate, fixed to the stanchion attached to the beam. The depth of
penetration of the soil is regulated in fixing the plough to the beam by means of pins,
inserted in one or other of the series of holes with which the stanchion is pierced.
The plough N is connected to the beam by a long plate o bolted to the beam which
insures the greatest firmness, it consists of and comprises the share P, mould board Q
and coulter M.
The front part of the implement is borne by the wheel H whose position is regulated
by the screw H working in the traverse G solid with the support G of the wheel,
this support is capable of turning on an axis G* in form of a bolt which fixes it to the

page_text: beam, and is also connected to the are C, which is either loose, or fixed, by a thumb
screw E, or key. When this are is free which occurs in ploughing, the key screws
into the beam and forms a stay to one or other of the radii of the regulating arc.
A wheel for running along the uncut soil insures the perfect stability of the
implement and is mounted on the beam opposite the plough N. It can be raised or
lowered as desired whilst the plough is working, or when not in use, by operating on
the lever t, which by aid of the rods governs the crank which in turn governs
a spring bolt which stops the rise of the support of this wheel at the required
height.
On pressing the lever t¹ down, the bolt t, is liberated, and the wheel descends by
its simple weight, it is driven up again by merely inclining the plough to the side on
which this wheel is attached, and on letting go the lever, the spring bolt to, enters
a hole in the upright to which the wheel is fixed.
The traction chain F passes through two rings F F with screws, which are turned
with the handles F F in one or other direction according to whether the implement
is to be drawn right or left.
Finally at the foot of the stilts is a box W for containing tools and additional
pieces.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In combination with the plough described in the Provisional Specification, the
construction of the beam curved or bent up in the front to facilitate mounting the
several parts.
2. In combination with the plough described in the Provisional Specification a drill
box with one or two compartments and orifices capable of regulation, for delivering
the grain and manure together or separately with axes furnished with distributing
brushes, and with or without shoots or guides more or less sloped.
3. In combination with the plough described in the Provisional Specification, the
method for setting in motion or stopping the movement or action of the drill box,
such motion being communicated by chain wheels and an endless chain actuated
by the rear wheel of the implement in conjunction with an eccentric and rods and
levers.
4. In combination with the plough described in the Provisional Specification, the
method of making or breaking the connection of the shafts and brushes of the drill
box, with the eccentric rod.
5. In combination with the plough described in the Provisional Specification, the
method of arresting the motion of the brushes, and thus stopping the delivery of
the grain or manure by means of the lever and counterweight.
6. In combination with the Plough described in the Provisional Specification, the
application to the second Plough of a coulter, and mould board which properly adjusted
covers the seed with the requisite quantity of earth.
7. In combination with the Plough described in the Provisional Specification, the
method of attaching the Plough to the beam.
8. In combination with the Plough described in the Provisional Specification, the
method of regulating the front guiding wheel, by aid of a screw, arc of a circle and
stop pins.
9. In combination with the Plough described in the Provisional Specification,
the application and disposition of an auxiliary wheel to the plough more or less in
front, for preserving the stability of the implement, by running on the uncut soil.
Such wheel being regulated by means of a spring bolt and lever.
10. In combination with the Plough described in the Provisional Specification, the
method of regulating the position of the traction chain by means of the rings and
regulating screws.
11. In combination with the Plough described in the Provisional Specification, the

page_text: method of closing the openings in the side of the drill box, where the brushes enter,
by aid of the closing plate.
12. In combination with the Plough described in the Provisional Specification,
supplying it with a box at the foot of the stilts for carrying additional pieces
and tools.
Finally in combination with the Plough described in the Provisional Specification,
the method of construction so that it is capable of employment simply as a plough, or
conjointly as plough, seed sower, and manurer, or either one or other of these singly
as may be desired, the whole in the manner by the means and for the purposes
substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this day or August 1808.
A. C. HENDERSON,
46, Southampton Buildings, Holborn.