Improvements in Spanners, Wrenches, and Tongs.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Aug., 1894-Accepted, 29th Seot.. 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spanners, Wrenches, and Tongs.
I, GEORGE OSBORNE of 151, London Road, Southborough, in the County of
Kent, Carriage Builder and Job Master, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My improvements in spanners and wrenches have for their object, first, to
facilitate the use of the spanner by providing means whereby to prevent it slipping
off the nut in the operation of screwing up and unscrewing, particularly in the
case of thin square nuts such as are applied to screw bolts used in coach-building
and other wood work.
This improvement consists in providing the jaws of the spanner or wrench
with inwardly projecting lips or flanges adapted to bear against the face of the
nut whilst giving passage to the screw-bolt between them, so that in screwing up
or unscrewing, the spanner having a bearing on the nut, will be supported in
position relatively thereto without liability of slipping off when the nut is con-
tinuously rotated instead of being turned intermittently for a portion of a revolution
only for each application of the spanner.
My second improvement has for its object to adapt the one pair of fixed jaws
of a spanner to fit nuts of two different sizes and consists in making the jaws
of double thickness and with different widths between the two jaws at different
parts, the lips or flanges which bear as above mentioned on the face of the nut
being in that case situated between the two different widths so as to serve
indifferently for each size of nut.
My improvement in wrenches for large nuts and axle box caps consists in
making the wrench of two parallel members connected by a pair of screw-bolts
one towards each end provided with oppositely directed handles, each bolt screwing
through a tapped hole in the same member and turning freely in but engaging
by collars and shoulders with the other member, so that by rotating the screws
simultaneously tlie members may be moved towards or away from one another
whilst maintaining their parallelism. The ends of these members constitute the
jaws of the wrench which may be double-ended with different widths between
the jaws at the two ends, and which may be readily adjusted to the size of the
nut, the jaws, remaining in all positions of adjustment, substantially parallel so as
to fit fairly against the flats of the nut or cap. By turning the screw farthest
from the jaws after fitting them to the nut so as to put the members slightly
out of parallel by expanding their opposite ends a good grip of the nut or cap
is obtained. The jaws may be plain so as to grip two opposite flats of the nut,
or angled to each engage two flats of the nut.
The improvement in tongs relates to smiths' tongs and consists in connecting
the handles of the tongs of a screw bearing against the one handle and working
in a nut in the other handle to enable the work to be securely gripped by the
jaws of the tongs, and adapt the tongs also for use as a wrench.
Dated this out
CN
-1000

page_text: Improvements in Spanners, Wrenches, and Tongs.
I, GEORGE OSBORNE, of 151, London Road, Southborough, in the County of
Kent, Carriage Builder and Job Master, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists in improvements in spanners, wrenches, and smiths' tongs.
The improvements in spanners have for their object, first, to facilitate the use
of the tool by providing means whereby to prevent it slipping off the nut in
the operation of screwing up and unscrewing, particularly in the case of thin
square nuts such as are applied to screw bolts used in coach-building and other
wood work, and, secondly, to adapt the one pair of fixed jaws of a spanner to fit
nuts of two different sizes.
The improvement in wrenches has for its object to enable wrenches for large nuts
and axle-box caps to be more conveniently used and to afford a firmer grip of the
nut to be turned.
The improvement in tongs has for its object to enable the work to be securely
gripped by the jaws of the tongs, and also to adapt the tongs for use as a wrench.
The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings,
forming part of this Specification, wherein
Figures 1 and 2 are perspective views of the spanners,
Figures 3, 4, and 5, respectively a face and end views of the wrench, and
Figure 6 a face view of a smith's tongs.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the first improvement consists in providing the
jaws a, a, of the spanner or wrench with inwardly projecting lips or flanges b
adapted to bear against and rest on the face of the nut whilst giving passage to
the screw bolt between them, so that, in screwing up or unscrewing, the spanner,
having a bearing on the nut, will be supported in position relatively thereto
without liability of slipping off when the nut is continuously rotated instead of
being turned intermittently for a portion of a revolution only for each application
of the spanner.
The second improvement, which is illustrated in Figure 2 has for its object to
adapt the one pair of fixed jaws of a spanner to fit nuts of two different sizes,
consists in doubling the thickness of the jaws a, a, and making the distance between
the jaws different at each side of the spanner, the lips or flanges which bear, as
above mentioned, on the face of the nut when in use, being situated between the
two different widths so as to serve indifferently for each size of nut.
The improvement in wrenches, shewn in Figures 3, 4, and 5, consists in making
the wrench of two parallel members c, c, connected by a pair of screw bolts d, d,
one towards each end, provided with oppositely directed handles d', d', each bolt
screwing through a tapped hole in the same member and turning freely in, but
engaging by collars e, e, and shoulders e¹, e', with the other member, so that by
rotating the screws simultaneously the members may be moved towards, or away
from, one another whilst maintaining their parallelism. The ends of these members
*constitute the jaws of the wrench which may be double-ended with different
widths between the jaws at the two ends, and which may be readily adjusted to the
size of the nut, the jaws remaining in all positions of adjustment, substantially
parallel so as to fit fairly against the flats of the nut or cap. By turning the
screw farthest from the jaws after fitting them to a nut so as to put the members
slightly out of parallel by expanding their opposite ends, a good grip of the nut or
cap is obtained. The jaws may be plain, so as to grip two opposite flats of the
nut, as in Figure 4, or angled, to each engage two flats of the nut, as in Figure 5.

page_text: and
The improvement in smiths' tongs, shewn in Figure 6, consists in connecting the
handles ff, of the tongs by a screw 9 bearing against the one handle
working in a nut in the other handle, thus enabling the work to be securely
gripped by the jaws of the tongs and adapting the tongs also for use as a wrench.
Collars h, h, on the screw g secure the latter to the handle f, which is slotted, as
indicated by the dotted lines, to permit of the free movement of the screw in
opening and closing the tongs."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. A spanner whose jaws are provided with inwardly projecting lips or flanges
adapted to bear against a nut when in use, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
2nd. A spanner in which the space between the jaws at one side of the tool is
greater (or less) than the space between the jaws at the other side of the tool and
in which inwardly projecting lips or flanges adapted to bear against nuts corre-
sponding to the jaws at either side of the tool are provided, substantially as shewn
and for the purpose specified.
3rd. A wrench composed of a pair of parallel members connected by screw bolts
screwing through a tapped hole in the same member and turning freely in, and
engaging with, the other member and provided with oppositely directed handles,
substantially as specified.
4th. Connecting the handles of smiths' tongs by a screw bearing against the one
handle and working in a nut in the other handle, substantially as specified.
Dated this 23rd day of August 1894.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.