A METHOD OF MANUFACTURE OF COMPRESSED Coffee
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, of the Firm of
Brandt and v. Nawrocki, of 2, Koch Strasse, Berlin, Germany, Patent Agents,
for the Invention of "A METHOD OF MANUFACTURE OF COMPRESSED Coffee."
A communication from Franz Ruch, Friedrich Chartier, and Jean Berlit, all of
Cassel, Germany.
Sealed the 8th February 1878, and dated the 9th August 1877
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von
Nawrocki at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th August
1877.
$
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of Brandt and v. Nawrocki,
of 2, Koch Strasse, Berlin, Germany, Patent Agents. A METHOD OF MANUFACTURE
OF COMPRESSED COFFEE." (A communication from Franz Ruch, Friedrich Chartier,
and Jean Berlit, all of Cassel, Germany.)
Of late years many attempts have been made to render articles of food more
convenient for preservation, transport, and application, and most important and
useful manufactures have in consequence been introduced, such as those of meat
extract, condensed milk, and "Erbswurst" or pea sausage, so much used in Germany
since the Franco-German war.
The object of this Invention is to attain similar results as regards coffee, and
these results have been eminently successful. For this purpose the roasted ground
coffee is rendered into a most compendious form without loss in quality, strength,
nourishment, or aroma, during lengthened preservation or transport as compared
with freshly roasted unground or ground coffee.
According to this Invention the coffee, in as pure or clean a state as possible, is
roasted in the ordinary way and then ground as finely as possible; it is then exposed
to a hydraulic pressure of from 40 to at most 70 atmospheres. As found by
numerous experiments the latter pressure is the limit, for if this be exceeded the
finer, ethereal oils contained in the coffee will be forced out; neither must the
pressure be below the other limit stated, because then the article so produced will
not keep.

page_text: The coffee is compressed in a finely polished iron or other metallic die fitted with
a lid when compressed it assumes the form of a cake similar to the ordinary
chocolate cakes. The lid or the follower of the press is formed with ribs which
produce indents in the cake, and these indents indicate certain weights, a portion
to be used for one or more cups of coffee. The polish of the die gives the cakes a
hard and smooth exterior, whereby also the ethereal oils are prevented from escaping
from the cake.
The cubic contents of the coffee is by this pressure reduced so much that, for
instance, a kilogramme compressed coffee only takes up a space of about 9 cubic
decimeter or one-third of the original bulk. The coffee loses none of its good
qualities by this compression.
It may be packed in oiled paper or tinfoil, and kept thus for years or for a great
length of time without losing any of its caffein or aroma, at the same time it is
ready for immediate use whenever required.
It is especially useful on journeys, for expeditions, sea voyages, and in the field,
but is also advantageously applied in the household as it keeps much better than
the ordinary coffee.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 9th February 1878.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of Brandt and v: Nawrocki,
öf 2, Koch Strasse, Berlin, Germany, Patent Agents. "A METHOD OF MANUFACTURE
OF COMPRESSED COFFEE." (A communication from Franz Ruch, Friedrich Chartier,
and Jean Berlit, all of Cassel, Germany.)
Of late years many attempts have been made to render articles of food more
convenient for preservation, transport, and application, and most important and
useful manufactures have in consequence been introduced, such as those of meat
extract, condensed milk, and "Erbswurst" or pea sausage, so much used in Germany
since the Franco-German war.
The object of this Invention is to attain similar results as regards coffee, and
these results have been eminently successful. For this purpose the roasted ground
coffee is rendered into a most compendious form without loss in quality, strength,
nourishment, or aroma, during lengthened preservation or transport as compared
with freshly roasted unground or ground coffee.
According to this Invention the coffee, in as pure or clean a state as possible, is
carefully roasted in the ordinary way and then ground as finely as possible; it is
then placed into an iron box or mould, the bottom and top pieces of which are
movable and exposed to pressure produced by a manual machine or press, or, by
preference, by a hydraulic press until the coffee has become suitably solidified; care
must be taken that the pressure is not, so heavy as to cause the escape of the finer
ethereal and fluid oils contained in the coffee and forming valuable ingredients of
the coffee; neither must the pressure be too low, because then the article so
produced will not keep; but a convenient pressure is one that will reduce it to
about one-third of its bulk.
..

page_text: The coffee is compressed in a finely polished iron or other metallic die fitted with
a lid at one end; when compressed it assumes the form of a block or disc, or it
may conveniently be pressed into the form of a cake similar to the ordinary
chocolate cakes. The lid or the follower of the press is for this purpose formed
with ribs which produce indents in the cake, and these indents indicate certain
weights or portions to be used for one or more cups of coffee. The polish of the
die gives the cakes a hard and smooth exterior, whereby also the ethereal oils are
prevented from escaping from the cake, and all the aroma and strength are
permanently retained.
The cubic contents of the coffee is by this pressure reduced to about one-third of
its bulk, so that, for instance, a kilogramme compressed coffee is represented by
a tablet 16 inch thick, 28 inch wide, and 45/16 inch long (or respectively 14.
millimeter, 7 centimeter, and 11 centimeter). The coffee loses none of its good
qualities by this compression.
It may be packed in oiled paper, vegetable parchment, or tinfoil, and kept thus
for years or for a great length of time without losing any of its caffein or aroma, at
the same time it is ready for immediate use whenever required.
In order to protect it still more against exterior or deteriorating influences the
compressed coffee tablets or cakes may previously receive a coating of white of egg,
gum arabic, gelatine, sugar, or other similar substance.
It is especially useful on journeys, for expeditions, sea voyages, and in the field,
but is also advantageously applied in the household, as it keeps much better than
the ordinary coffee.
And having thus described the nature of this Invention and how the same is
carried into effect, I declare that I claim as the herein-before stated Invention
communicated to me,-
Firstly. The application of hydraulic or other heavy pressure to the manufacture
of compressed coffee, as set forth.
And, Secondly. The manufacture of compressed coffee in the form of cakes,
tablets, or pieces with a smooth or polished exterior surface, in the manner and for
the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this First day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
CERARD
WENZATIO
NAWDÓNKI
CERARD WENZESIAUS v. NAWROCKI. (L.D.)