BOILER TO BE HEATED BY GAS OR OIL LAMPS AND CONSTRUCTED TO ENVELOPE OR SURROUND THE FLAMES OR GENERATING HEAT
Year: 1885

page_text: I JOHN SEPHTON of 33 Trafalgar Road Birkdale in the County of Lancaster
Solicitor do hereby declare the nature of my invention for BOILER TO BE HEATED
BY GAS OR OIL LAMPS AND CONSTRUCTED TO ENVELOPE OR SURROUND THE FLAMES
OR GENERATING HEAT to be as follows:-
It consists of two pipes or tubes one enclosing the other and one being made
proportionately less than and to the other-For the sake of illustration the tubes
may be considered as placed horizontally and both closed at each end thus leaving
or forming a space between the inner tube and the inner surface of the outer tube
over the whole area of such tubes-These two tubes may be connected by metal
plates running horizontally between them and such plates may be so arranged as
to form tublar spaces between the two tubes and thus render it necessary for the
water entering the boiler to traverse the length of the boiler several times over
before passing out by the outlet The inlet to the boiler or space formed by the
two tubes may be considered as in the centre of the outer tube on the underside
and the outlet from such space may be considered as at the top side of the outer
tube over against the inlet-Water is thus introduced into the boiler at the under
side and after traversing the tubular spaces between the outer and inner tube
passes out by the outlet at the top-At the underside of the boiler two (or any
number as occasion may require) holes or apertures may be made through the boiler
to the chamber formed by the inner tube and another hole or aperture may be
made from such chamber through the boiler at the bilge or upper side thereof-Gas
burners or oil lamps may be introduced through the holes or apertures on the under
side of the boiler to the chamber formed by the inner tube and the heat produced
in the chamber is thus completely enveloped or surrounded by the water passing
between the two tubes-The smoke and burnt gas or air pass from the inner
chamber through the hole at the bilge or upper side of the boiler. This boiler may
be used as a water heater for any required purpose or be applied to a coil of pipe
or other contrivance and be used as a warming stove or it may be applied to a
system of heating by means of hot water pipes.
The boiler or tubes of which it is constructed and the inlet and outlet for water
may be placed or arranged in many positions and the heating agency may be intro-
duced in a variety of forms and positions-The different features mentioned above
have been referred to in one position only for the purpose of making the system
and principle of construction the more easily to be understood.
The present system of heating boilers by gas or oil lamps is to apply the flame
to the underneath surface of the boiler and not to surround or envelope the flame.
Dated this 23rd day of September 1885.

page_text: An Improved Boiler or Water Heater, also Applicable for Use
as a Warming Stove.
I JOHN SEPHTON of 33 Trafalgar Road, Birkdale in the county of Lancaster,
Solicitor do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention consists of a boiler with or without a chamber for hot air or burnt
gas, attached thereto, constructed and arranged as hereinafter described.
The said boiler consists of two tubes or cylinders, one enclosing the other, and
one being made proportionately less than and to the other. These tubes or
cylinders may be placed horizontally, both being closed at each end, thus leaving
or forming a space between the inner tube or cylinder, and the inner surface of the
outer tube or cylinder over the whole area of such tubes or cylinders. The two
tubes or cylinders may be connected by plates of metal running horizontally
between them and such plates may be so arranged as to render it necessary for the
water entering the boiler to divide at the inlet, a portion traversing the water
space at one end of the boiler, and another portion traversing the water space at
the other end of the boiler, the divided portions meeting and reuniting in the upper
portion of the water space of the boiler, and passing out at the outlet provided, by
this means utilizing thoroughly the whole of the heating surface of the boiler. The
inlet to the boiler or water space formed by the two tubes or cylinders, may be in
the centre of the outer tube or cylinder on the underside, and the outlet from the
boiler may be at the top side of the outer tube or cylinder, over against the inlet.
Water is thus introduced into the boiler at the underside, (and after dividing and
traversing the water spaces at the ends of the boiler as before described) passes out
by the outlet at the top, or other suitable outlet. At the underside of the boiler
two (or any number as occasion may require) holes or apertures may be made
through the boiler to the chamber formed by the inner tube or cylinder, and
another hole or aperture may be made from such chamber through the boiler, at
the bilge or upper side of the boiler.
Gas burners, or burners from oil lamps may be introduced through the holes or
apertures in the underside of the boiler to the chamber formed by the inner tube or
cylinder, and the heat produced in the chamber is thus effectually enveloped
or surrounded by the water space passing between the two tubes or cylinders. The
burnt gas or air, and the smoke (if any) pass from the inner chamber, through the
hole at the bilge or upper side of the boiler, and may be conducted by a pipe or
connection into a metal chamber or box provided over or near the boiler, and
afterwards pass from this second chamber by an outlet at one end or in other
suitable position, and may be carried out of the room where the boiler and hot air
or burnt gas chamber are fixed, by means of the chimney flue or otherwise. The
hot air or burnt gas chamber may be provided with receptacles for any condensation
of water or liquid given off by the gas used. These receptacles being also provided
with taps to draw off such water or liquid. By passing the burnt gas or hot air

page_text: created in the heating chamber of the boiler, into the second chamber provided for
that purpose, the heat in the chamber of the boiler is checked in its escape, and
thoroughly utilized, without preventing complete combustion and the hot air or
burnt gas passed into such second chamber, gives off a considerable amount of heat,
and will increase the circulation of the water in a coil, or in pipes which may be
fixed against or near it.
The boiler or tubes or cylinders of which it is constructed, and the inlet and
outlet for water may be placed or arranged in many positions, and the heating
agency may be introduced and let out in a variety of forms and positions.
The present system of heating boilers by gas or oil lamps is, generally speaking
to apply the flame to the underneath surface of the boiler and not to surround or
envelope the flame.
created in the heating chamber of the boiler, into the second chamber provided for
that purpose, the heat in the chamber of the boiler is checked in its escape, and
thoroughly utilized, without preventing complete combustion and the hot air or
burnt gas passed into such second chamber, gives off a considerable amount of heat,
and will increase the circulation of the water in a coil, or in pipes which may be
fixed against or near it.
The boiler or tubes or cylinders of which it is constructed, and the inlet and
outlet for water may be placed or arranged in many positions, and the heating
agency may be introduced and let out in a variety of forms and positions.
The present system of heating boilers by gas or oil lamps is, generally speaking
to apply the flame to the underneath surface of the boiler and not to surround or
envelope the flame.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of my improved boiler and waterheater, the cover
being in section.
Fig. 2 is an end elevation in section (the left side) of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an end elevation in section (the right side) of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a front elevation in section of boiler.
Fig. 5 is a cross section of Fig. 4 showing sight hole and smoke pipe.
Fig. 6 is a cross section (at end) of Fig. 4.
A is the inner tube and B the outer tube forming between them the water
space C, D is the heating chamber, heated preferably by means of a Bunsen or
other burner E, or it may be heated by oil, F are the diverting plates, which
compel the water entering the boiler to traverse or flow over the ends of the boiler
as herein before described, before passing to the outlet; G G are holes or apertures
on the underside of the heating chamber for the introduction of burner or burners,
and for the supply of air, the smoke and hot air pass from the heating chamber,
through the aperture H at the bilge, by pipe H₁, to a second heating chamber J,
before described, J¹ is a cap provided for cleaning out the chamber J, the smoke
and hot air may then be carried away to the chimney or other convenient outlet,
the water passes from the boiler to the circulating pipes K, by pipe L, and returns
by pipe M, the boiler is supplied with water by feed pipe N from the holder or
jar N¹, or other convenient source. O is the exhaust steam or expansion pipe, P is
the cover or case; S, S, are taps for drawing off the condensation, T is the tap for
emptying the boiler and coil if required.
Circulating pipes may be connected to this arrangement of heating apparatus, or
directly to the boiler, whereby the whole, or part of the house or building may be
heated when required, as well as heating the hall or other apartment in which the
heating apparatus or boiler is placed, the boiler may be either horizontal or vertical,
and may be varied in form or shape as may also the second heating chamber, and
the circulating pipes or outer coil, the heating apparatus may be encased in any
suitable manner.
The boiler and apparatus may be made of any suitable metal, but preferably of
cast iron, the trunk of the two cylinders, the ends of the inner cylinder and the
plates of metal connecting the two tubes or cylinders being cast in one piece, and
the outside ends of the boiler being cast separately, and the whole boiler fastened
or fixed together by the well known process of using sal ammoniac and metal
borings, or by other convenient method, the remaining portion of the apparatus
may be cast in convenient sections, and fastened or fixed together in the same
manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
1. The construction of the heating chamber whereby the boiler surrounds or
envelopes the flame or heater, as and for the purposes shewn and described.

page_text: 2. The use of the second heating chamber either within or in immediate contact
with the hot water pipes or coil or otherwise, for totally utilizing the heat as and
for the purposes shewn and described.
3. The combination of the boiler, second heating chamber and circulating pipes
or coil, as and for the purposes shewn and described.
4. The general arrangement and construction of the boiler and heating apparatus,
as shewn and described.