Improvements in Barbed and Corrugated Wire Nails and Die for the Manufacture thereof.
Year: 1887

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Barbed and Corrugated Wire Nails and Die for
the Manufacture thereof.
We, JAMES EZEKIEL EMERSON, and THOMAS MIDGLEY, both residing at Beaver
Falls, in the County of Beaver, and State of Pennsylvania, one of the United States
of America, Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to wire nails and dies for manufacturing the same, and has for
its object an improvement on the wire nails in common use, whereby the nails will
hold more securely in the wood in which they are embedded.
Figure, 1, is a side view of our improved nail.
Figure, 2, is a plan of one half of a die.
Figure, 3, is a longitudinal transverse section.
Figure, 4, is an end view of the die.
Figures, 5, and, 6, are diagramatic views.
Figures, 7, 8, and, 9, are enlarged detail views of insertable cutters for the die.
Figure, 10, is a plan of one half of a die showing a modification of the cutters.
Figure, 11, is a transverse section on the line, y, y, in fig. 10, showing the cutter in
two longitudinal sections.
Fig. 12, is a similar view of a cutter in one piece, and Figure, 13, shows an inside
and end view of one of the longitudinal sections of the cutter.
A, represents a nail, the upper portion, 1, of which is a plain smooth cylindrical
body, and extends to or about the centre of the length of the nail. The lower
portion, 2, of the nail is corrugated as shown, and the projections, 3, are provided with
barbs or niches, 4, which may be formed in one or more rows of two or more barbs
or niches. The lower portion or end, 5, of the nail is also a plain smooth cylindrical
body, in the same plane as the portion, 1, and is pointed in the usual manner.
The barbs or niches, 4, are cut from the upper part or head 6, of the nail, and are
inclined towards its point, so that as the nail is driven into wood of any kind the
latter will not be torn seriously, but the barbs or outer wall of the niches catch to the
wood as the nail is being withdrawn.
By the construction of nail shown, the wood into which the nail is driven will shrink
around the corrugations and barbs or niches in the nail and hold it more firmly than
when a plain smooth body is formed. The nails may be of any size from the smallest
used, to spikes.

page_text: B, B, represent the two halves or sections of the die for forming the nail, and each
half or section is provided with a semi-cylindrical groove, a, which extends throughout
its entire length. The adjacent surfaces of the two sections, B, B, are corrugated
throughout a portion of their length, leaving the semi-cylindrical groove intact at both
ends of the die, as shown in figs. 1, and, 2, for the purpose of corrugating a portion of
the body of the nail.
The barbs or niches, 4, in the nail are cut by teeth, c, formed on the ends of dove-
tailed cutters, d, which are inserted in the die transversely from each side in dovetailed
grooves e, and are hold in position by side plates, f, g, which may be attached to the
sections, B, B, by dovetailed projections, 1, engaging with corresponding grooves, i,
or they may be attached with rivets or screws. The cutters, d, may also be formed
in longitudinal sections with the teeth, c, on the face thereof as shown in figures, 11,
and, 13, or the cutters, d, may be in one piece with teeth, c, formed in two rows on
the face thereof, as shown in figures, 10, and, 12, and be inserted in a groove in the
face of each section, B, of the die from the end, as shown in figures 10, 11, and, 12.
C, in figure, 5, represents the heading die or hammer for upsetting the projecting
ond, k, of the stock, shown in fig. 6, and forming the head, 6, of the nail in the recess
in one end of the die for forming the body of the nail.
The dies thus constructed grip the stock, corrugate the nail, and hold it against
longitudinal displacement while the teeth, c, are forced into the sides of the
projections, 3, of the nail and form the barbs or niches, 2.
The die of our improved construction may be applied to the usual form of machine
employed for manufacturing wire nails, and the insertable cutters may be applied to
other forms of dies, for making other articles.
Instead of having two sets of cutters to form the barbs or niches on both sides of
the projections, 3, of the nail, a cutter may be employed which will form them on the
apex of said projection, or on one side only.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
1. A wire nail having a plain smooth body portion, and a corrugated and barbed or
niched portion.
2. A wire nail having a plain smooth cylindrical portion at each end, and a
corrugated and barbed or niched intermediate portion.
3. A die for the manufacture of nails having a longitudinal groove in the adjacent
faces of its sections, a portion of said groove having plain smooth surfaces and the
remaining portion being corrugated and provided with projections or teeth to form
barbs or niches on the corrugated portion of the nail.
4. A die for the manufacture of nails made in sections having a portion of their
adjacent surfaces corrugated, and provided with a longitudinal groove, a portion of
which is corrugated, and projections or teeth to barb or nich the surface of part of the
corrugated portion of a nail.
5. A die for the manufacture of nails, made in sections and provided with insertable
cutters and corrugated adjacent surfaces, in combination with a hammer or heading
die.
pated this oth day of November 1887.
JAMES EZEKIEL EMERSON.
THOMAS MIDGLEY.
By Jensen & Son,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.