IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFActure of Nuts fOR SCREWS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Taylor, and Joseph Samuel Taylor, and
Stephen William Challen, all of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Machinists, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
Sealed the 23rd April 1875, and dated the 9th November 1874..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Taylor, Josephi
Samuel Taylor, and Stephen William Challen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 9th November
1874.
WC, JOSEPH TAYLOR, and JOSEPH SAMUEL TAYLOR, and STEPHEN
WILLIAM CHALLEN, all of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFActure of Nuts fOR SCREWS," to
be as follows:―
Our said Invention consists of the arrangements or combinations of
parts of machinery herein-after described, whereby the said nuts are
economically manufactured.
Upon parallel horizontal axes we mount and gear, together a pair of
rolls, the peripheries of which are provided with indentations of a form

page_text: and size proper to indent the sides of a bar of heated iron, and give it
such a figure that by dividing it transversely it forms rudely shaped
blanks for screw nuts.
Portions of the peripheries of the said rolls are plain and of less
diameter than the other portions, and when these plain portions are
opposed to each other the bar of heated iron can be introduced between
the rolls and fed against a stop, the indented portions of the rolls as they
come round taking hold of and indenting the edges of the bar and
returning it to the workman at that side of the rolls at which it was
introduced.
Connected with the said indenting rolls and forming part of the
machine are cutting-off, pressing, and punching tools, by which the
indented and heated bar is operated upon immediately it has been
indented by the rolls. By the operation of these tools portions are cut
from the indented bar; the blanks thus formed are compressed into the 1
required form, and the screw nuts formed are punched.
:
As the said cutting, pressing, and punching machinery resembles that
ordinarily employed we do not consider it necessary to describe it.
The tools of the said cutting, pressing, and punching machinery are so
situated that the end of thc.indented bar as it returns from the rolls can 2
be readily brought under the operation of the said tools by the hand of
the workman.
In using our Invention the workman heats in a furnace. so much of
the bar to be operated upon as can be made into nuts at one heat, and
introduces the heated end of the bar between the rolls when their plain 2
portions are opposite each other, the stop described determining the
distance to which the heated rod is fed: The rolls seize and indent the
edges of the bar, delivering it back to the workman, who introduces it
to the cutting, pressing, and punching part of the machine. A succession
of heated bars being thus operated upon the manufacture of the said 3
nuts is carried on with great regularity and economy.
The rolling machinery described may be used in connection with any
kind of entting prassing and nunching machin

page_text: =
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Taylor, Joseph Samuel Taylor, and Stephen
William Challen.in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th April
1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
TAYLOR, and JOSEPH SAMUEL TAYLOR, and STEPHEN WILLIAM CHALLEN,
all of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Machinists, send
greeting.
.
WHEREA'S Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in.
the thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Joseph Taylor, and Joseph
Samuel Taylor, and Stephen William Challen, Her special license that
we, the said Joseph Taylor, and Joseph Samuel Taylor, and Stephen
William Challen, our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Joseph Taylor, and Joseph Samuel Taylor, and
Stephen William Challen, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might.make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THe Manufacture
OF NUTS FOR SCREWS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Joseph Taylor, and Joseph Samuel Taylor, and Stephen William
Challen, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one
of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph Samuel Taylor, and
Stephen William Challen, on behalf of ourselves and the said Joseph
Taylor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described

page_text: and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to
say:
-
Our said Invention consists of the arrangements or combinations of
parts of machinery herein-after described, whereby the said nuts are
economically manufactured.
Upon parallel horizontal axes we mount and gear together a pair of
rolls, the peripheries of which are provided with indentations of a form
and size proper to indent the edges of a bar of heated iron, and give it
such a figure that by dividing it transversely it forms rudely shaped
blanks for screw nuts.
1
Portions of the peripheries of the said rolls are plain and of less
diameter than the other portions, and when these plain portions are
opposed to each other the bar of heated iron can be introduced between
the rolls and fed against a stop, the indented portions of the rolls as they
come round taking hold of and indenting the edges of the bar and 1
returning it to the workman at that side of the rolls at which it was
introduced.
Connected with the said indenting rolls and forming part of the
machine are cutting-off, pressing, and punching tools, by which the
indented and heated bar is operated upon immediately it has been
indented by the rolls. By the operation of these tools portions are cut
from the indented bar; the blanks thus formed are compressed into the
required form, and the screw nuts formed are punched.
As the said cutting, pressing, and punching machinery resembles that
ordinarily employed we do not consider it necessary to describe it.
The tools of the said cutting, pressing, and punching machinery are so
situated that the end of the indented bar as it returns from the rolls can
be readily brought under the operation of the said tools by the hand of
the workman.
In using our Invention the workman heats in a furnace so much of
the bar to be operated upon as can be made into nuts at one heat, and
introduces the heated end of the bar between the rolls when their plain
portions are opposite each other, the stop described determining the
distance to which the heated bar is fed. The rolls seize and indent the
edges of the bar, delivering it back to the workman, who introduces it
to the cutting, pressing, and punching part of the machine. A successio

page_text: of heated bars being thus operated upon the manufacture of the said
nuts is carried on with great regularity and economy.
Having explained the nature of our Invention, we will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner in
which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in plan, partly in horizontal section, a machine
for the manufacture of nuts for screws, the said machine containing our
improvements.
Figure 2 is a front elevation of the machine, partly in vertical section,
and Figure 3 is a transverse vertical section of the machine taken
through the indenting rolls, a bar of iron being represented in the act of
being indented by the operation of the said rolls.
The same letters indicate the same parts in each Figure of the
Drawing.
a, a, b, b², are the indenting. rolls combined with and worked from
the nut machine. The said rolls are mounted upon parallel horizontal
axes or shafts c, d, which are geared together by the spur wheels e,f:
The parts a, b, of the peripheries of the said rolls are provided with
indentations, as represented, the said indentations having a figure and
size proper to indent the edges of the bar of heated iron from which the
nuts are to be made, and the parts a², b³, of the peripheries of the said
rolls are plain and of less diameter than the indented portions a, b. The
shape of the indending rolls is best seen in the cross section, Figure 3.
The rolls a, a, b, 6ª, are provided with flanges (see Figure 2) to prevent
the spreading of the sides of the heated bar during the indenting
operation. Behind the rolls a, a, b, b, is an adjustable stop g, against
which the bar to be operated upon is fed. The bar of irọn ½ to be
indented is introduced between the indenting rolls from the front A of
the machine through an opening i in the framing (see Figure 3). The
cutting-off, pressing, and punching tools of the nut machine, with which
the indenting rolls a, a, b, b³, are combined, are of the ordinary kind,
and are worked from the horizontal cross shafts k, l, through slides,
cams, and other mechanical appliances, which constitute no part of our
Invention. The said shafts k, l, are driven from the driving or pulley
shaft m through the pinion n gearing with the toothed wheels p, q, fixed
respectively on the said shafts k, l, as seen in the horizontal section,
Figure 1. The indenting rolls a, a, b,, b², are driven from the shaft k of

page_text: the machine by the bevil wheel " on the said shaft k, gearing with the
bevil wheels on the shaft c of the upper roll, and the shafts c and d of
the rolls a, a², b, b², are geared together by the toothed or spur
wheels e, f. The rolls a, a, b, b, rotate in opposite directions, as
indicated by the arrows on the said rolls in Figure 3, the said rolls by
their rotation seizing the bar h fed between them, and returning it to
that side of the machine at which it was introduced.
* In using the machinery constituting our Invention the workman heats
in a furnace so much of the bar to be operated upon as can be made
into nuts at one heat, and when the plain portions a³, b², of the indenting
rolls a, à³, b, b³, come opposite each other he introduces the heated end
of the said bar between them from the front A of the machine, and feeds
the end of the bar against the stop g, the said stop determining the
length.of bar to be indented by the rolls. By the rotation of the rolls
their indented parts a, b, approach each other, seize the bar h, and by
their pressure indent its edges and deliver it back to the workman at
the front A of the machine, as seen in Figure 3, where the bar is
represented in the act of being indented. The indented end of the bar
immediately it leaves the rolls is introduced by the workman to the
cutting, pressing, and punching part of the nut machine, by the operation
of which blanks are cut transversely from the bar, and the said blanks
are compressed into the required form, and at the same operation
punched so as to form screw nuts therefrom.
By an examination of Figure 3 it will be seen that the tools of the
machine are so situated with respect to the indenting rolls that the end
of the bar as it returns from the said rolls can be readily brought under
the operation of the tools of the machine by the hand of the workman.
In this way a succession of heated bars may be operated upon or
indented by the rolls a, a, b, b, and the bar cut up into nuts, and the
said nuts finished by the machine with great regularity and economy.
The indenting rolls or rolling machinery described and represented
may be used in connection with any kind of cutting, pressing, and
punching machinery.
Although we have represented the indenting rolls as combined with
and worked from the machine by which the cutting off of the nut blanks
from the indented bar and the pressing and punching of the nuts are
effected, yet we wish it to be understood that the said indenting rolls
and parts necessary for working them may be used apart from or

page_text: independent of the machine by which the indented bar is cut up into
nuts, and the nuts finished.
When the indenting rolls are used separate from the nut machine we
drive them by independent gearing, and so arrange them with respect
to the machine or machines in conjunction with which they are to work
that the bar delivered from the said rolls is situated as near as con-
venient to the tools, by which the indented and heated end of the bar is.
to be cut up and made into nuts.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which, the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we
do not limit ourselves to the precise details herein described and illus-
trated, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature
of our Invention; but we claim as our Invention of improvements in
machinery for the manufacture of nuts for screws herein-before described
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, that is to say, combining
with and working from nutmaking machinery, or using in conjunction
with but separate from nutmaking machinery, a pair of indenting rolls
of the kind described and illustrated, by the use of which said indenting
rolls so much of the hcated end of a bar of iron as can be made into
nuts at one heat may be indented on its edges or have such a figure
given to them that by dividing the indented bar transversely rudely
shaped blanks for screw nuts are formed, which blanks are made into
screw nuts by the ordinary machinery, substantially as described and
illustrated.
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph Samuel Taylor and Stephen
William Challen, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-eighth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-five.
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
· (L.S.)
JOSEPH SAMUEL TAYLOR.
STEPHEN WILLIAM CHALLEN. (L.S.)
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.