Improvements in Boilers for Heating Purposes.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 10th July, 1899-Accepted, 23rd Sept., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Boilers for Heating Purposes.
I, CARL OTTOMAR PAUL, of 10, Radebergerstrasse, Dresden, in the German
Empire, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:--
This invention relates to the arrangement of a boiler for hot water pipe
heating plant, especially those designed for hot house and other horticultural
purposes.
Such boilers are connected to the hot water pipes, to serve as a collector of
heat for the latter, which heat the hot house or other building; the water which
circulates through the pipes passing through the boiler at each cycle of circulation,
to be heated again as is well known.
According to my experience, known boilers of this kind have the disadvantages
that they are unsuitable for inferior fuel, for the reason that they have a small
heating surface compared with their large water capacity, that the setting of
them in brickwork or masonry is a difficult matter, and that when they are not
thus set, as for instance in the case of upright water tube boilers, their heating
surfaces are vertical and therefore not fully effective.
This invention is designed to supersede the beforementioned disadvantages
by the arrangement of a boiler which offers a large effective heating surface for
a comparatively small amount of water.
In order that this invention may be the better understood, I now proceed to
describe the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the
letters and figures marked thereon.
Figures 1, 2 and 3 are transverse and longitudinal sectional views of a boiler
sel in brickwork or the like.
Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 are transverse and longitudinal sectional views of two
modified forms of the boiler.
Figure 8 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the combination of two
such boilers.
This boiler consists of a semi-annular cylinder A above which and com-
municating with it is arranged an annular cylinder B, and above, and com-
municating with the latter, is arranged another annular cylinder C. Above
the latter may be arranged in a similar manner one or more other annular
cylinders. These cylinders constitute a single boiler heated by one and the
same fire grate.
Such a boiler has comparatively small holding capacity and a very large
surface, and is adapted to be set in brickwork and the like in such a manner that
nearly the whole of such surface is exposed to the action of the fire or fire gases.
This setting in brickwork and the like is illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
As illustrated by arrows, the fire gases pass, from the fire grate R, under the
semi annular cylinder A towards the back, ascend, pass through the flue formed
by the interior of the annular cylinder B, and the side flues k, to the front, thus

page_text: coming into contact with the upper outer surface of the semi annular cylinder A,
and with the inner surface and the lower outer surface of the annular cylinder B.
The gases then ascend at the front of the boiler, pass through the flue formed
by the annular cylinder C and through the side flues 1, thus coming into
contact with the inner surface and the lower outer surface of the annular cylinder
C, ascend again and pass over the upper part of the outer surface of the annular
cylinder C into the uptake.
The fire gases are forced to take the way before described by baffle plates or
tongues provided along the annular cylinder B, which separate the flues kk from
the flues, and by a cap p provided at the rear end of the annular cylinder B,
which prevent the fire gases from passing to the uptake along the shortest
route.
The several cylinders, as illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3, communicate with
one another along their whole length. In a modified manner the cylinders may
be arranged so that they communicate with one another at two places only.
The latter arrangement is shown in Figures 4 and 5, which illustrate a
wrought iron boiler; and in Figures 6 and 7, which illustrate a cast iron boiler.
In the boiler shown in Figures 4 and 5, the cylinders communicate with one
another by oval orifices m through their neighbouring sides; in the boiler
shown in Figures 6 and 7 tliese orifices (7) are nearly round. As shown in
Figures 4 and 5 opposite orifices m are connected by rings m' rivetted between
the cylinders; a similar connection being effected in the boiler illustrated in
Figures 6 and 7 by flanges n, cast to the cylinders and pressed together by bolts
and nuts, suitable packing being used to make a good joint.
Figure 8 illustrates as before stated how a boiler of double size may be con-
structed by the combination of two of the before described boilers. The hot water
pipe service is connected to the boiler by a forked pipe g at the top and by a
similar forked pipe g at the bottom. These forked pipes serve also to connect
the two sets of boilers to each other. Three or more boilers may be combined
in a similar manner to form one compound boiler.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim
is:-
1st. A boiler for heating water consisting of a semi annular element and one
or more superposed complete annular elements, the water spaces of which are
connected to one another and adapted with flues to allow the products of com-
bustion to pass through and around the centre of each element in turn, sub-
stantially as described.
2nd In such a boiler as claimed in Claim 1 the arrangement of the connection
of the elements to one another at two parts, substantially as described and
illustrated in Figures 4 to 7 of the accompanying drawings.
3rd. A form of construction of a boiler in which two or more boilers having
characteristics as claimed in Claims 1 and 2 are combined and connected by
forked pipes in order to form a boiler. of large heating surface fired from one
surface.
Tated this 10th day of Tul., 1900