matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVE- MENTS IN EXTRACTING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS FROM CLOTHES OR OTHER FABRICS OR FIBRES, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Halliday at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
July 1870.
I, THOMAS HALLIDAY, of the Town and County of Haddington, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of “ IMPROVE-
MENTS IN EXTRACTING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS FROM CLOTHES OR OTHER FABRICS
OR FIBRES, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," to be as
follows, that is to say :-
This Invention which relates to certain improvements in machinery or
apparatus to be employed in extracting water or other liquids or fluids
from clothes or other fabrics or fibrous substances consists in the employ-
ment of a chamber or vessel of a curvilinear form and having its sides
perforated with a series of holes; this chamber or vessel is supported on
a spindle provided at its upper end with a worm or tangent screw, into
which screw gears a worm wheel actuated by an attendant from any
convenient part of the apparatus. The material to be operated upon is
introduced into the chamber or vessel through an opening or aperture
formed in the top or upper side thereof, and the chamber or vessel is

page_text: then caused to revolve with a high circumferential velocity. A centri-
fugal motion is thereby imparted to the material being operated upon,
which motion has the effect of pressing the said material against the sides
of the chamber or vessel, and the water or other liquid or fluid is thereby
expressed and flows, through the openings in the sides of the chamber or
vessel. In lieu of employing a tangent screw and worm wheel to rotate
the apparatus as above set forth bevil gearing or any other suitable
mechanism may be so employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Cooper, John Cooper,
Frederick Cooper, and Joseph Ogden at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 10th November
1870.
We, THOMAS COOPER, JOHN COOPER, and FREDERICK COOPER, of
Pudsey, near Leeds, in the County of York, Manufacturers, and JOSEPH
OGDEN, of the same Place, Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," (to be as
follows) :-
This Invention relates to means or apparatus for driving the shuttle
in weaving. Heretofore the shuttle has been driven by an upright shaft
upon the top of which was placed a picking stick or arm reaching a
considerable distance above the shuttle box and connected with the
picker by means of a long picking strap. The effect of this method was
a great wear and tear of the machinery, the constant and great liability
of breakage of the said picking strap which resulted in what is tech-
nically called a "trap," or the stoppage of the shuttle in the "shed" of
the warp whereby the warp threads were broken and great damage to tho

page_text: cloth sustained. There were also what are called "paddling" or check
straps employed which were connected with the spindle upon which
the pickers rode and were the occasion of an accumulation of grease
and felt which by the action of the said pickers was frequently thrown
upon the cloth, thereby causing damage thereto."
Now our improvements consist in the application of a short lever
placed on the inside of the framework of the loom on the ordinary
picking shaft, which picking shaft is operated by means of a cam. The
said lever is connected by means of a chain or strap and which gives
motion to a longer lever which rides upon a stud fixed on a casting 1
placed on the outside of the loom end; the said lever being brought back
after every pick to the starting place by means of a spring. There is also
a guard attached to the said lever formed of leather or other suitable
material for the purpose of preventing it from going too far back, and
another guard to prevent it from going too far forward. The said lever 1
is also made of sufficient length to allow of the traverse of the "going
part," and it also acts directly upon the picker, thereby driving the
shuttle with less friction.
:
AN IMPROVED LUBRICATOR
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Abercrombie at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th July 1870.
I, JAMES ABERCROMBIE, of Kirkliston, in the Counties of Mid Lothian
and Linlithgow, North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED LUBRICATOR," to be as follows,
that is to say :—
This Invention has for its object to economise the oil or tallow used
for lubricating machinery by regulating appliances of an efficient and
reliable character.
The improved lubricator is a vessel of any convenient form con-
structed for supplying the lubricant by gravitation through an outlet
in its bottom. The receptacle or chamber for the lubricant is closed
with the exception of the outlet referred to and an orifice in the top.
A fine pitched screw spindle with a conical end is adapted to the
upper orifice, and is adjusted to regulate the outflow of the lubricant
by regulating the inflow of air to displace it. A wire or spindle extends
down from the point of the regulating screw and passes through the

page_text: bottom outlet, and this wire has fast to it two conical valves, one
closing the outlet on the inside when the screw is screwed down, and
the other closing it on the under side when the screw is screwed up
for refilling the vessel. A cup or concavity is formed at the top of
the vessel or receptacle, into which the lubricant is poured, and from
which it passes to the inside by the upper orifice or air valve. This
lubricator is very convenient in use as it can at any time be refilled
without removing it.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Kenyon at the Office of
-
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th.
October 1870.
I, JAMES KENYON, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:--
My Invention relates to the apparatus for checking the shuttle, and
it consists in certain improved modes of applying pressure to the swell
or other equivalent, which pressure is increased in proportion to the
velocity with which the shuttle enters the shuttle box. In performing
my Invention I employ an elbow or other lever or slide so placed as to
act upon the swell of the shuttle box either directly or indirectly, the
elbow or other lever or slide can be arranged so as to act directly on
the present spring or springs pressing against the swell; or the elbow
or other lever or slide can be arranged to act on the swell without the
present spring by another spring or other equivalent; or the elbow or
other lever or slide may be dispensed with by using a strap or other
equivalent and a connecting piece acting on the swell or spring. The
elbow or other lever or slide is moved by the picker, the picker being

page_text: pushed by the shuttle against a leather or other connection connected
to the elbow or other lever or slide. By this means the shuttle comes
against the picker and the picker against the leather or other con-
nection which causes the other part or parts of the apparatus to act upon
the swell or spring thereby pressing the swell or spring against the
shuttle; or the present swell may be dispensed with by the use of a
spring or swell applied to the elbow or other lever or slide, or other
equivalent. In all cases the extra pressure is removed from the shuttle
before it leaves the shuttle box.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF CONNECTING WHEELS AND OTHER ARTICLES TO THEIR SHAFTS, AND FOR COUPLING SHAFTS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Randal Harris at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th July 1870.
I, WILLIAM RANDAL HARRIS, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF CONNECTING WHEELS
AND OTHER ARTICLES TO THEIR SHAFTS, AND FOR COUPLING SHAFTS," to be as
follows:
The object of the first part of this Invention is principally intended
to facilitate the mode of connecting wheels and pulleys to their shafts
without removing the shaft from its bearings.
It has heretofore been customary to cast the wheel or pulley in two
parts and then to bolt the two parts together when on the shaft; in this
case a key or bolts are required to secure the wheel or pulley on its
shaft. Now my Invention consists in making the wheel or pulley with
a detached wedge-shaped piece reaching from the nave or boss to the
circumference. The apex of the wedge forms a portion of the circum-
ference of the wheel or pulley; this wedge piece and the boss are bored

page_text: out a fraction less in diameter that the shaft, so that when the wedge is
driven in laterally it securely holds the wheel or pulley on its shaft
without keys, bolts, set screws, or other equivalents. This part of my
Invention is applicable to coupling boxes for uniting the ends of
shafts and to what is technically called loose collars on main or other
shafts, and to other similar purposes.
The above mode of connecting wheels and other articles to their shafts
may be modified by driving in a wedge or other shaped piece not
extending to the circumference.
Another part of my Invention consists in casting radiating slots in
the boss of the wheel or pulley, and in making the hole in the boss a
fraction less in diameter than the shaft on which the wheel or pulley
is to be fixed. These slots give a little elasticity, so that when the
wheel or pulley is driven on to its shaft it is securely connected thereto
without keying or other equivalent.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ACTION OF PIANOFORTES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Lambert at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
November 1870.
I, THOMAS LAMBERT, of No. 4, Harrington Square, Hampstead Road,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ACTION OF PIANOFORTES," to be as
follows:-
The object of the improvements is to obtain increased efficiency in the
operation of parts of the action of pianofortes.
In carrying out my improvements I apply to the lower part of the
butt of the hammers, and also to the "jacks" and the "hoppers" cord,
band, or braid of india-rubber, covered by plaiting or otherwise with
silk or other suitable thread, to act by the elasticity thereof as springs
to such part. The covered india-rubber cord, band, or braid is attached
to the under side and towards the front of the butt of the hammer, and
is thence carried back and affixed in the back of the hammer rail,
so as to act on the hammer to restore it to a state of rest on the rest
rail after it has struck the strings. Such cord, band, or braid to the
lower part of the "jack" is also attached at one end to the "jack,"

page_text: 66
and at the other end to the back of the hammer rail, so as more
effectually to restore the upper end of such "jack" to its notch in the
hammer butt after the action thereon by the key. The cord, band,
or braid to the "hopper" or jack when such are applied to the hammer
sticker acts on each in like manner by its elasticity to take the
'hopper" or "jack" back to its stop after cach operation by a key.
The extent of tension on such india-rubber cord, band, or braid in
each case may be regulated by screw adjustment. I also guide the
lower end of each of the stickers to the hammer, lever or an exten-
sion thereof, by passing such part through a socket or guide affixed to
the frame of the action. I prefer to form the lower part of each of
such stickers with an extension obtained by a piece of wire, one end
of which is screwed into that end of the sticker, whilst the other end
is formed with a button. By these means adjustment in the length of
the sticker is readily obtained. The lower end of each of these stickers
or the extension thereof passing through its socket or guide rests directly
on the key.
IMPROVED MODE AND MEANS FOR THE INDENTING OF IRON FOR SHOE HEEL TIPS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Farmer at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th June
1870.
I, GEORGE FARMER, the younger, of Summer Lane, in the Borough of
Birmingham, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED MODE AND MEANS FOR THE INDENTING OF IRON FOR
SHOE HEEL TIPS," to be as follows:-
The principal improvement consists of a machine or lever press for
indenting cold iron in the straight rod for the nail heads. The machine
consists of two large side frames fixed on two straight pieces of timber
bolted together by two stretcher bars. I then mount a lever on a
gudgin pin over a box and bolt, in one end of the lever I fix a roller,
which revolves on cam, the other end or nose of lever presses on a
bolt containing tool for putting in the indent for nail heads. The lever
is raised by means of cam before described. I also mount a fly wheel
and fast-and-loose pulley, together with desk or crank, which desk or
crank contains slot with adjustable pin. I then fix a feeder in frame in
front of press for feeding the straight rod through under the tool fixed

page_text: in bolt, as before described. The feeder is connected by means of a
connecting rod to slotted desk or crank; the feeder is constructed by
The iron
means of a wedge operated upon by lever worked by a cam.
is placed in feeder while in motion; it instantly grips the iron and steps
it through between two guides. As soon as the iron is between the
guides the bolt descends carrying the tool & puts in the indent. The
feeder and bolt follow each other in regular succession. The iron may
be pierced at the same time by fixing a piercing punch at the back of
the indenting tool. A pair of cutting tools may also be fixed at the
back of the bolt to cut the iron the desired length for the shoe heel tip.
I do not claim the press as being new, what I claim is the indenting
of iron in the straight rod or length for shoe heel tips by means as above
described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO CHAIRS, SOFAS, AND TO ALL KINDS OF SEATS WITH OR WITHOUT BACKS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Friderich Wilhelm
Louis at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 4th March 1870.
I, ALEXANDER FRIDERICH WILHELM LOUIS, of No. 4, Upper Spring
Street, Portman Square, in the County of Middlesex, Upholsterer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
APPLICABLE TO CHAIRS, SOFAS, AND TO ALL KINDS OF SEATS WITH OR WITHOUT
BACKS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the means of expanding or extending the
seats of various articles of furniture with or without backs, by which
a small seat may be extended outwardly when required, so as to give a
greater amount of comfort and case to the occupant than has hitherto
been attainable, while at the same time the space occupied by such
improved contrivance is much less than that required by any of the
cumbrous articles now in use for giving the same degree of comfort
and ease.
This Invention consists firstly in making the seat with two frames,

page_text: being capable of being slid or moved forwards so as to lengthen the
distance between the front of the seat where the occupant's legs hang
down and that part against which his back presses.
—
One of the arrangements I adopt to effect this end is as follows:-
The lower or fixed frame is provided with grooves, and the upper or
moveable frame which carries the actual seat has sliding pieces fitting
within the grooves of lower frame in such manner that when the
occupant of the seat desires it he can by pressure of his body against
the back of the scat urgo the seat with the upper frame forward so as to
extend the size of the seat and render it more comfortable, all other 1
parts remaining stationary.
Instead of the above arrangement the bottom frame of the seat may
be provided with horizontal parallel guides, and the upper frame with
guide pieces which fit over the guides. It will be obvious that the
upper frame can be moved and actuated in the same manner as in the 1
arrangement last described.
I do not confine myself to the exact arrangements herein described for
sliding the upper frame, as it will be obvious that they may be variously
modified in detail and yet maintain the leading feature of my Invention,
the moveable or extendible seat. In some cases I provide means of 2
raising the sliding seat as it is being extended.
This Invention consists, secondly, in for some purposes hinging the
back to the seat and fixing within or to the arms of the seat spiral or
other springs in cylinders in such manner that when the occupant
desires it he can incline the back of the seat at the same time he extends 2
the seat itself. The pressure being removed the springs will restore the
back to its original position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF NAVIGABLE BALLOONS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Brannon at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
December 1870.
I, PHILIP BRANNON, of Bouverie Street, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF NAVIGABLE BALLOONS," to
be as follows (that is to say) :-
My Invention relates, firstly, to the construction and mode of forming
balloons in three divisions placed vertically one above the other, the
middle division above the car being charged with rarefied air for ascend-
ing, and cold air when descending, and the upper division containing
pure or carburetted hydrogen or rarefied air is also caused to revolve
and assume a screw form where speed is required. Between the middle
and upper divisions I place a horizontal turbine formed wheel with
arcuate or tangential fans, which is driven by the action of the currents
of air in the passage of the balloon, and either in conjunction with or
independent of the said wheel I employ lateral wind wheels with setting
and feathering gear for giving propulsion to the balloon either as prime
movers or as paddle wheel propellers. For supplying heat for rare.

page_text: faction of the air in the middle division of the balloon, I employ a lamp
furnace connected with the suspension beam carrying the car or lower
division, and which hangs vertically thereon, and when the upper
division is filled with heated air the furnace is similarly situated in the
base of that division. The motive power obtained by the action of the
above-mentioned wheels, or by any of the ordinary modes of obtaining
prime motion, I further employ for giving direct rotary motion to
propellers formed either as screws or feathering paddle wheels placed
fore & aft, as also to the upper division when made of a screw form, or
I employ the same means to actuate lateral wing propellers, or fore &
aft and vertical plunging parachute propellers, and all of the above-
named propellers which are placed ahead or astern of the balloon are
made to work on universal joints for steerage.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SOLDERING TIN CASES OR CANISTERS OR OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Moir Clark at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st
March 1870.
I, JOHN MOIR CLARK, of the City and County of Aberdeen, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SOLDERING TIN CASES OR
CANISTERS OR OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
1
This Invention relates to certain improvements in machinery or
apparatus to be employed in soldering tin cases or canisters or other
similar vessels, and consists of a revolving platform or disc supported by
a pillar or pedestal. This platform or disc is provided with any suitable
number of projecting arms or brackets on which the case, canister, or
other vessel to be soldered is placed. Above each of the projecting arms a
moveable clip is placed, which clip is hinged to the revolving platform at
one end, and provided with a handle at the other end, by means of which
it can be lifted or lowered as required. When the cases, canisters, or

page_text: other similar vessels to be soldered have been placed on the projecting
arms of the revolving platform the clips are lowered upon them and
securely fastened by means of clutches which are supported by the
projecting arms or brackets thereby retaining the vessel firmly in position,
while the soldering iron is applied.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS AND PORTFOLIOS FOR HOLDING OR FILING MUSIC AND OTHER SHEETS, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Brampton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th November 1870.
-
I, FREDERICK BRAMPTON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS AND PORTFOLIOS FOR HOLDING OR FILING MUSIC AND
OTHER SHEETS, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to such holders and portfolios as consist
essentially of a series of circular or elliptical springs enclosed in a stiff
fabric, having the figure of the back of a book, between the ends of
which springs the music sheets or other articles to be filed or held are
gripped.
My Invention consists in the following improvements :-Instead of
making the said springs of strips of steel of uniform width I make them
of strips widest in the middle and tapering towards each end. By this
means great equality in the action of the several parts of the spring is
secured. In order to prevent the warping which ordinarily takes place
in the hardening and tempering of the said springs, I make one or two
holes near cach end of the spring, and by means of wire passed through

page_text: the said holes I fix the ends of the spring together during the hardening
and tempering process. Great regularity in the figure of the said springs
is thus obtained, and the warping described is prevented. I fix the said
springs in stiff flexible fabric in the ordinary way, but on or in the
two opposite edges of the said fabric, between which edges the sheet is
gripped, I fix a trough-shaped strip of metal. By this means the action
of the gripping edges is made very uniform and the gripping action so
perfect that a single sheet of music or paper is readily held between the
said gripping edges. In order to limit the distance to which the edges
of the music or other sheets can be inserted into the holder I fix in the
said springs a prismatic or nearly semi-cylindrical strip of wood or other
light substance. The flat surface of this strip acts as a stop on the intro-
duction of the sheets into the holder.
The improved holder described may be used without side flaps or
In some cases the music or other sheets are inserted at one end
and passed by a sliding motion into the holder.
covers.
When side flaps or covers are used with the said holder in order to
convert it into a portfolio, the opening and bending back of the said flaps
or covers separates the ends of the springs and permits of the introduction
of the music or other sheets into the holder.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOT-TREES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Stephens at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
June 1870.
I, CHARLES STEPHENS, of Admiral's Hard, Stonehouse, in the County
ŏ of Devon, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOT-TREES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of improvements in the apparatus or con-
struction of boot-trees.
The apparatus consists of two curved pieces of wood or other suitable
O material screwed or joined together (as shown on the Drawing hereto
annexed) so that they will freely turn or work, and thus enable it to be
inserted in boots or shoes and stretch them, and also afford facilities for
cleaning boots & shoes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING THE DOORS OF RAILWAY CARRIAGES, AND PREVENTING THE OPENING OF THE SAME WHILE THE TRAIN IS IN MOTION
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles James Hislop Warden
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
I on the 19th March 1870.
I, CHARLES JAMES HISLOP WARDEN, of Aldridge Road Villas,
Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
SECURING THE DOORS OF RAILWAY CARRIAGES, AND PREVENTING THE OPENING OF
THE SAME WHILE THE TRAIN IS IN MOTION," to be as follows:-
"
My Invention relates to apparatus whereby the doors of railway
carriages are kept securely fastened while the train is in motion, and
can be opened simultaneously by the guard from the break van throughout
the entire train when the same stops at the platform of a station. The
chief objects of the said Invention are the prevention of the danger and
annoyance connected with the practice of locking the passengers in the
carriage, and also the prevention of accidents from the opening of the
carriage doors while the train is in motion. In carrying the said
Invention into practice I provide the carriages at each doorway with a
bolt, rod, or bar, which is connected to a cord, line, or chain extending
to the guard's van. Each of the said bolts is arranged to enter an eye
or socket on the door, and is so arranged that by pulling the line or

page_text: chain in the proper direction the doors will be secured. The end of
the line, cord, or chain in the van is connected to a wheel or drum, upon
which it can be wound, and which is provided with a ratchet and pawl
or other suitable detaining mechanism. The said bolt is also arranged
in combination with a weight or spring which tends always to withdraw
the bolt from the socket; when the cord or chain is released from the
aforesaid detaining mechanism the pressure of the weight or spring
uncoils the rope from the wheel or drum and withdraws all the bolts
from their sockets simultaneously. The eye or socket into which the
bolt enters is preferably secured on the top of the door near the outer
edge thereof. The cord or chain is preferably attached to each end of
the bolt, and the socket has a narrow aperture through it on the side
towards the carriage to allow the cord or chain to escape or free itself
in opening the door. The line, cord, or chain is supported upon small
grooved guide rollers, or in other suitable guides attached to the carriage;
the weight or spring is preferably connected to a vertical cord attached
to the main cord or line behind the door. If desired the entire apparatus
be encased or enclosed in tubes arranged in the proper position
upon the carriages. The cords or chains are connected together between
the carriages by hooks or other coupling devices, which will allow them
to be readily connected and disconnected in making up or dividing the
train. The ordinary handle and catch or any other suitablo fastening
device may be employed in connection with my improved apparatus
on the carriage doors.
may
IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BEATING AND CLEANSING CARPETS, RUGS, AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hill at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th October
1870.
I, WILLIAM HILL, of Upper Holloway, in the County of Middlesex,
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BEATING AND CLEANSING CARPETS,
RUGS, AND OTHER ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
:-
The object of this Invention is the construction of machinery for
beating and cleansing carpets and other articles from which dust and
dirt are required to be removed without submitting them to the action
of water or other liquids which to a certain extent injures them.
The machinery or apparatus consists of a frame made of wood or iron,
and of any convenient width that may be desired, and upon which it is
intended the carpet should be supported while it is being cleansed. The
frame is provided with rollers at each end, and the length of these rollers
may vary to correspond with carpets of different widths. The frame
runs on rollers, so that it may be pushed under or from the machine as
required. The carpet or other article to be cleansed is rolled on a roller

page_text: and placed at one end of the machine, and is gradually drawn along the
surface of the frame, which is composed of webbing or elastic material,
and off on to a roller at the other end, being submitted to the action of
beaters and brushes as hereafter described. Above the travelling frame
or bed before described I construct another frame provided with levers
or beaters, which are caused to rise and fall on to the surface of the
These
carpet or other article as it passes or is drawn along below.
beaters are driven by rollers or drums with projections on the surface to
cause the said beaters to rise in succession. In addition to the beaters
I use revolving brushes, which revolve above and below the carpet or
other article during its progress. The drums and rollers are driven by
hand or power, but I prefer the latter. Underneath this frame and
extending the whole length of the apparatus I place a long box or case,
which acts as a receptacle for the dust and dirt. The box or case
terminates in a shoot which conveys the dirt and dust to a convenient
distance, and through which it is driven by a blower or fan; and in
order to cause the dust and dirt to deposit I lead into the shoot a tube
with a rose end or jet, which when the apparatus is at work throws
out a spray of water and materially facilitates the deposit. The whole
apparatus may be boxed in so that no dust or dirt is made to be dis-
agreeably felt where the beating or cleansing takes place, and apparatus
of this description can be used for beating and cleansing carpets and
other articles in cities, towns, and places where it has been hitherto
impossible without great annoyance to clean them.
IMPROVEMENTS. IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PRODUCTION OF GAITERS, CUFFS, MITTS, OR OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Thornton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th May
1870..
I, WILLIAM THORNTON, of the Firm of Messieurs Thornton, Brothers,
and Roberts, of the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham,
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS. IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PRODUCTION OF GAITERS, CUFFS, MITTS,
OR OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to give a more perfect and finished
appearance to articles made of looped or knitted fabrics, such as gaiters,
cuffs, mitts, or other similar articles.
Heretofore the bottom or lower edge of such articles, or that part
thereof which when in use lies nearest the foot, have been finished by the
operator using a knitting pin or pins, or a crochet or other hook, whereas
I finish the article or articles as follows:-I make any required length of
these articles (whether of narrow or other fabrics), and having formed
the bottoms or other portions of the shape required by cutting them, I

page_text: stitch or otherwise secure them either round or upon such edges one or
more strips of narrow or other fabric to form the outer edges thereof.
I secure the straps, which hitherto have been stitched to the lower
portion of the gaiter or other article, by metal rivets, clasps, or binders.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF VALVE COCK
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Purvis Beattie at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th April 1870.
I, ROBERT PURVIS BEATTIE, of South Castle Street, Edinburgh, North
Britain, Plumber and Gasfitter, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF VALVE COCK," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction of cock for drawing off
or discharging liquids, the object being to open and shut the valve or
cock by one quarter turn of the handle, and to show by the position
of the handle whither it is open or shut; when shut the handle stands
at right angles with the tail, and when open in a straight line with it.
When adapting the Invention to the purpose of a beer or water tap
or cock I cast the tube with a horizontal partition in or about the axis
of the tube, which partition is pierced to allow of the liquid flowing up
through it, and forms the seat for the valve; this valve consists of a
cylindrical plug, which is packed like a piston to fit a cylindrical
chamber leading to the valve seat. The upper end of this chamber is

page_text: notched at its opposite sides to receive stops which project from the
sides of the valve for the purpose of preventing it turning when operated
upon by the key or handle of the cock. This valve is fitted with an
india-rubber or other elastic washer at its lower end; when, therefore,
the valve is forced down upon its seat the aperture in the partition will
be effectually closed, and when it is raised the liquid will be prevented
from passing up by the sides of the valve by reason of its piston like
packing, which may be readily renewed when worn. The valve I cast
hollow with a guide screw, into which works a screw formed on the stem
of the handle, or it may be of a square head for lifting and depressing
the valve. This screwed stem is held in place by a cap piece which is
screwed on to the top of the cylindrical valve chamber. The screw of
this stem I so form that one quarter turn of it will suffice to lift the
valve and leave the passage clear for the discharge of liquid through the
cock.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND DRAWING-OFF LIQUIDS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adolphus Frankenberg at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th September 1870.
I, ADOLPHUS FRANKENBERG, of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND DRAWING-OFF LIQUIDS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention is designed principally for the purpose of raising and
drawing-off liquids from a cellar or other lower level without the use of
pumps, and is so arranged that the liquid will flow from the tap or taps
on merely opening the same. In the cellar or other convenient situation
I place a strong metal vessel or receiver (provided with a safety valve),
and in connection therewith I have an air pump for charging the same
with compressed air, which air pump may be worked by hand or in any
other suitable manner. This compressed air vessel is fitted with a main
pipe communicating by a number of branch pipes with the upper part of
each hogshead, barrel, or other vessel containing the beer or other
liquid to be drawn off, each pipe being fitted with a separate tap. Each
hogshead, barrel, or other vessel is also fitted with a tap screwed into

page_text: the head, and provided with a pipe leading to the corresponding tap in
the bar or other place where the liquor is to be drawn off. In con-
nection with the main pipe or with the air vessel is a pipe leading to a
manometer placed above the taps in the bar or in any other convenient
situation so that the amount of pressure can be at any time ascertained
and regulated. Air having been compressed into the receiver by means
of the air pump until the manometer indicates the pressure required, the
taps on the pipes leading from the said air vessel to the upper parts of
those hogsheads, barrels, or other vessels whence the liquor is to be
drawn are opened and the compressed air is thus brought to bear on the
surface of the beer or other liquor, and the consequence is that upon
opening any of the taps at the bar (or other place where the liquor is
to be drawn) the beer or other liquid will be forced by the pressure of
the compressed air up the corresponding pipe and flow from the tap.
It is found by experience that the action of the compressed air not
only forces the beer to the required level, but that it also gives a life and
sparkle to beer or other liquor that otherwise would be flat, and greatly
improves both the appearance and taste. It also has the effect of
throwing down any sediment that may be floating in the beer or other
liquor so that in a very short time after moving and tapping the beer or
other liquor may be drawn off perfectly clear and bright.
If it be desired to increase the amount of froth upon the surface of
malt liquors drawn off by this apparatus, I provide the tap with a
syringe or sucker, by drawing which whilst the liquid is flowing air is
drawn into the tap, and the amount of froth greatly increased.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN SOFTENING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES WHEN BATCHING, SPINNING, OR TWISTING THEM
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hunter at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st July
1870.
I, JOHN HUNTER, of Leith, in the County of Mid Lothian, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN SOFTENING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES WHEN BATCHING, SPINNING, OR
TWISTING THEM," to be as follows, that is to say:
-
This Invention relates to the employment of glycerine in substitution
of whale, olive, oleic acid, or other oils which are at present used for
softening wool, jute, and other fibrous substances when batching, spinning,
twisting, or otherwise manufacturing them; the glycerine is applied to
the said fibrous substances in the same manner that the other oils at
present used are employed, and one advantage from employing it is that
as the glycerine mixes with water it is easily removed by washing.
Another advantage is that of economy, as the glycerine may be recovered
for successive use by distillation from the water with which it is
admixed.
A NEW OR IMPROVED DIP OR SMEAR FOR DESTROYING VERMIN OR DISEASE IN SHEEP OR OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Campbell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
May 1870.
I, ALEXANDER CAMPBELL, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"A NEW OR IMPROVED DIP OR SMEAR FOR DESTROYING VERMIN OR DISEASE IN
SHEEP OR OTHER ANIMALS," to be as follows, that is to say:—
This Invention relates to a new or improved combination of substances
which constitute a compound to be used as a dip or smear for killing
vermin and destroying disease in sheep or other animals, and it consists
of the following ingredients, namely, hellebore, olive oil, or whale oil,
either singly or in combination, or instead of either of these oils other
oils or greases may be employed either singly or combined, or in addition
to either olive or whale oil, or with both olive and whale. Spirits of tar,
paraffin oil, sulphur, soft soap, glycerine, and potash or other alkali also
form parts of the said compound. The substances are admixed or com-
bined in various proportions, but the following is found advantageous,
namely:-Hellebore, 30 to 40 parts by weight; oil or grease, 30 to 10 parts

page_text: by weight; spirits of tar and paraffin oil, 10 parts by weight; sulphur,
15 to 20 parts by weight; soft soap and glycerine, 30 to 40 parts by
weight; potash or other alkali, 8 to 12 parts by weight.
In some cases where disease is excessive it is preferred when using the
dip or smear to add thereto a small proportion of arsenic.
AN IMPROVED WINDOW FASTENER
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Churchill at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th May
1870. A communication from abroad by William L. Clark, of the
City and State of New York, United States of America.
I, CHARLES CHURCHILL, of Darnley Crescent, Hackney, in the County
of Middlesex, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED WINDOW FASTENER," a communication, to be
as follows:-
--
My Invention relates to a cheap, simple, and durable self-acting device
for securing or locking window sashes.
The said Invention consists in the peculiar construction and arrange-
ment of two levers and a spring attached to the window sash together
and in combination with a rack or toothed bar upon the stile or jamb of
the window, these levers being arranged to project into the said rack
and hold the sash securely in any desired position, from which position
it cannot be moved until the levers are withdrawn from the rack, so that
the window cannot be opened from the outside. The said levers are
pivotted within a small box or frame which is placed in the side of the

page_text: sash. The points of the levers project- through small openings in the
said box at the edge adjacent to the rack; their rear ends are extended
through the box in the opposite direction and form handles whereby the
said levers are operated.. The levers are formed with a short arm at a
right angle or nearly so to a line drawn from end to end of the lever,
and the fulcrum pin or pivot which is secured in the sides of the box
passes through these arms. The spring is placed between the levers and
tends always to cause the points to approach cach other, and by having
the levers pivotted by the short arm aforesaid the said spring also causes
the points of the levers to project through the box and take into the
teeth of the rack. The box or frame also limits the motion of the levers,
so that they cannot approach each other or close beyond a certain point.
Therefore the said levers prevent the movement of the sash in either
directions, one being immovable in one direction and the other immovable
in the other direction, while both are readily withdrawn to release the
sash by slightly compressing or closing their ends or handles which project
through the sash. I plane a groove in the jamb and secure the rack or
toothed bar therein with small screws. I cut an aperture through the
sash and insert the box in the said aperture in such a position that
the points of the levers project properly into the rack, and so that the
handles project from the opposite side of the sash inside the window.
The said box is also secured by small screws. The box and the levers
may be of malleable cast iron or other suitable metal. I prefer to use a
spiral spring each end of which fits over a small projection on the inner
side of the lever.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PLASTIC KNOBS OR MOUNTS FOR BEDSTEADS AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES REQUIRING A SIMILAR MODE OF ATTACHMENT
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Lawton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th August
1870.
I, JOHN LAWTON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Brass-
founder, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for “CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLASTIC KNOBS OR MOUNTS FOR BEDSTEADS AND OTHER LIKE
PURPOSES REQUIRING A SIMILAR MODE OF ATTACHMENT," to be as follows (that
is to say):
:-
My improvements consist in forming the knob or mount of ordinary
delf or China clay, and after the same is dry I form a hole centrally in
it from the base, and worm or form a screw thread in or through the
same by screwing it on to a screwed metal spindle applied to an ordinary
lathe, and turn or form the exterior surface of the mount to the shape or
design I require. The knob or mount thus formed is removed by un-
screwing, and treated by the ordinary process of firing and glazing, and
I prefer finishing (when desired) such bedstead knobs or mounts by
spinning or otherwise applying a stamped or raised collar on the base of
the neck of the same, as also on other parts if desired; but in all cases

page_text: I arrange such knobs or mounts so as to attach them to the bedstead
for which they are intended by screwing them on to metal shanks
first screwed to fit the hole tapped in or through the mount that when
applied the material of the said mount or knob will be in direct contact
with the metal shank.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Holding at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
October 1870.
I, JOSEPH HOLDING, of the Patent Heald Superseding Company,
Limited, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to further improvement upon Letters Patent
granted to Joseph Holding and James Eccles, on the 26th July, 1869,
No. 2260, and is designed for the purpose of perfecting the mechanism
therein described, in order that the action of forming a shed when
picking, and closing the same when beating up, the weft may work with
greater accuracy, and at the same time effect a freedom of action void
of pressure from the warps on the shedding wires.
The Invention consists,―
First. In governing the oscillatory movement of the wires when
shedding by causing the link supporting and connected with the bottom
oscillatory bar to which the wires are connected to move in a curved

page_text: slot formed in brackets secured to the loom frame, the motion transmitted
to such link of the wires being obtained from a rocking center actuated
through the medium of tappets or other equivalent.
Secondly. The improvements relate to the mechanism employed to
relieve the shedding wires from the weight or strain of the warps, so
that the wires when shedding will have no resistance beyond the simple
weight of the thread lifting. In order to effect this the weight is taken
off the wires and taken up by a vibrating rod placed between the warps,
the vibration or up and down motion which is transmitted thereto
through the medium of a connecting rod and cam, the peculiar con-
struction of which when in action gives a throw or movement to the rod
between the yarns forming the top and bottom wheel in a manner that
entirely relieves the shedding wires, or in ordinary healds the eyes or
other thread supports of weight or strain.
I would remark in conclusion that I am well aware that the rod
working between the warp threads is a well-known appliance for
assisting in the formation of a shed, the peculiarity of its present
employment being more particularly for the purpose of relieving the
medium through which the wheel is formed of all strain which will
effect upon the shedding wires or yarns both ease when working and
durability.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ICE
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th July 1870. A communication from abroad by Silvester Bennett,
of Jefferson, in the State of Louisiana, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION
OF ICE," to be as follows:-
A
This Invention relates to that class of refrigerating or freezing apparatus
in which the refrigeration of the liquid to be acted upon is effected by
means of ammonia, which when brought into contact with the freezing
vessel will abstract the heat therefrom, and thereby so far reduce the
temperature of the liquid or substance to be operated upon as to convert
it into ice. This class of freezing apparatus is well known, but owing to
the improper arrangement of the several parts a great deal of the
advantage which might be derived from its use has been lost.
The essential feature of the present Invention consists in placing the
refrigerating or freezing vessel above the level of the absorbing vessel or

page_text: that into which the ammonia returns after it has acted on the re-
frigerating vessel, so that any steam or vapour of water that may pass
over with the ammonia gas may not be liable to interfere with the action
of the apparatus.