AN IMPROVED CARTRIDGE FOR BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I JACQUES PHILLIPPE PIERI of 166 Fleet Street, London, Major in the French
Army, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "AN IMPROVED
CARTRIDGE FOR BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS" to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is tho construction of cartridges by which an
increase in the range can be obtained also an improved penetration and a higher
initial velocity with a greator precision of firing.
For the purpose of my invention I make the body of the cartridge caso of metal
of the full diameter of the charge chamber of the arm and I contract the neck for
the reception of the bullet which exactly fits the barrel or is slightly larger than
the barrel.
The bullet has a chamber or well at its rear end and between it and the powder
I fit a soft metal cup which I charge with grease and cover with a card board disc.
H, GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the Applicant,

page_text: increase in the range, can be obtained, also an improved penetration and a higher
initial velocity with a greater precision of firing and augmentation of the tension
of the trajectory..
For the purpose of my invention I make the body of the cartridge case of metal 1
of the full diameter of the charge chamber of the arm and I contract the neck for
the reception of the bullet which exactly fits the barrel or is slightly larger than
the barrel.
1
The bullet has a chamber or well at its rear end and between it and the powder
I fit a soft metal cup which I charge with grease and cover with a cardboard disc. -
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS,
m Copper cup 1 millimetres thick. This cup is the 'principal forcing agent.
P Washer of hard or stiff cardboard. R Projectile (In this caso its diameter is
equal to the total calibre of the gun).-V Socket or case-Z Powder.
n Grease.
The Pieri cartridge is composed of:-1-A motal socket' V as in all cartridges
at present in use. 2. A charge of powder Z varying in quantity according to the
calibre of the arm in which it is used as in all other cartridges.
3. A brass or copper cup m placed next to the projectile R. The diameter of
this cup is the same as that of the projectile.
4. A piece of grease n placed inside the cup m.
5. A washer or wad P of stiff cardboard placed between the powder and
the cup.
6. A stamped lead projectile R having a larger calibre than that of the barrel
in which it is used. This projectile is solid at the back end as at R, but may be
hollow at that part as at S according as to whether it is used for a gun of small
or of large calibre.
If the projectile is hollowed as at S the cup m is dispensed with. This projectile
is used for calibre's greater than ten millimetres.
If the projectile is solid as at R the oup m is placed immediately next to it.
This projectile is used for calibre's less than ten millimetres.
The principal features of the invention consist in the employment.
1. Of a projectile the calibre's of which is greater than that of the barrel in
which it is employed.
2. Of a copper cup placed immediately next to the projectile so as to obtain a
forcing power independent of the projectile.

page_text: The object of this forcing power is to regulate the charge of powder to be
employed for each calibre, and to limit the space in which it is required that the
gases shall attain their maximum of tension.
This cup besides being employed in cartridges for small arms, can also be employed
for small and large cannon or ordnance, either by being fixed to the stamped ring
(gousse), or to the back end of the projectile, or even loose between the projectile
and the stamped ring (gousse).
The copper cup m is not to be confounded with an expansion block or plug
(culot). The first is placed immediately next to the projectile and its calibre is the
same as that of the projectile. Whereas the second was placed in the hollow of the
projectile to effect the expansion of the latter.
This cup placed behind the projectile gives the same results in firing as when the
projectile is provided with a copper case or envelope. But it has the advantage of
dispensing with all packing (enrochemont).
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The employment in cartridges for rifles, mitrailleuses, and cannon (breechloaders)
of a cup m of the same diamoter and placed at the base of the projectile the said
cup containing grease n held in position by a wad P of stiff carboard behind which
is the powder Z as described and shown in the annexed drawings.
The 26th day of February 1885.
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Jacques Phillippe Pieri,