IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR ROLLING METALS AND OTHER BODIES OR SUBSTANCES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Walter Dyson, of the Firm of Dyson
and Hall, of the Carbrook Forge and Rolling Mills, Tinsley, near
Rotherham, in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR ROLLING METALS AND OTHER BODIES OR
SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 22nd May 1874, and dated the 9th January 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Walter Dyson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th January 1874.
I, GEORGE WALTER DYSON, of the Firm of Dyson and Hall, of the
5 Carbrook Forge and Rolling Mills, Tinsley, near Rotherham, in the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR ROLLING METALS AND OTHER
BODIES OR SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
In the rolling of metal plates it is usual to employ wheel gearing of
an expensive character with separate bearings and "housings " between
the rolls proper and the engine or other motive power machine, a practice

page_text: involving great loss of power from friction and other causes, which in
the rolling of large masses of metal, such as is required for ships'
armour plates, stringers, girders, and the like, limits the action of the
rolls for reducing the metal to a mininum of the power actually given
out by the prime mover, besides which the gearing occupies much
valuable space.
Now according to this Invention the whole power of the engine is
utilized and in a direct manner upon the rolls for moving them, so that
the operation of rolling is effected in a more practical manner at less
cost, and the machinery occupies less room, the plates under treatment
being reduced in thickness in less time, and consequently of greater
value when finished, because the rolling can be effected in the majority
of cases during one heat," whereby the fibre or grain becomes less
torn or destroyed, as is the case when plates have to be heated several
times for the several rollings before they are reduced to the desired
thickness.
tr
In carrying my Invention into effect I mount my engine, steam or
hydraulic, upon bearings in proximity to the rolls, and cause a rack
upon the cylinder or cylinders or upon the piston rods or extensions
thereof to gear direct upon one or both pinions of the rolls themselves
or their axles, the length of the cylinders or of the pistons or their
extensions with the rack or racks being such that a reciprocating
rotation of the rolls with the plates between them can be continued for
any length of time for reducing the plate or other body under treatment
to the desired dimensions, such reciprocating action being determined
by the length of stroke of the cylinders or pistons.
Figure 1 of the accompanping Drawings show how I propose em-
ploying a steam or hydraulic cylinder with a rack upon it for moving
the two rolls at the same speed without the intervention of gearing.
a is the cylinder and 6 the rack thereon; c, c, are the pinions upon the.
axles of the rolls, which are rotated towards each to bite and draw the
metal in between them and reduce it as it progresses. Both pinions
contain the same number of teeth; consequently the rolls move in
proportional relation to each, but by arranging one pinion with a greater
or a less number of teeth than the other the rolls would travel at
different speeds, whereby the fastest of the two would in addition to
reducing the metal give a smoother face on that side than the slower

page_text: moving one would upon the other. The cylinder in this instance is
supplied with steam or water through fixed pipes d, d, which also serve
to guide it to and fro. The cylinder may have two racks upon it, so that
the cylinder being between the pinions can move each roll indepen-
dently.
Figure 2 represents a double rack b, b, upon an extension piece of
movable pistons, plunger rods, or rams f, f, arranged to be actuated
upon for the to-and-fro movement by steam, water, or other power from
two cylinders a, a. The rack pinion c is driven thereby, the other being
driven through the intermediation of the first pinion. The racked
extension piece e is attached and forms the connection between the two
piston rods.
I do not limit myself to arranging the racks to work in a horizontal
line nor to work one pair of rolls only, it being evident from the
arrangement shown in Figure 2 that a second pair below or above can
be operated by a second rack upon the same extension piece.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Walter Dyson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 9th July 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
WALTER DYSON, of the Firm of Dyson and Hall, of the Carbrook Forge
and Rolling Mills, Tinsley, near Rotherham, in the County of York,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Walter Dyson, Her special
licence that I, the said George Walter Dyson, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Walter
Dyson, executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,

page_text: use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
** IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR ROLLING METALS AND OTHER BODIES OR
SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George
Walter Dyson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Walter Dyson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
In the rolling of metal plates it is usual to employ wheel gearing of
an expensive character with separate bearings and "housings" between
the rolls proper and the engine or other motive power machine, a practice
involving great loss of power from friction and other causes, which in
the rolling of large masses of metal, such as is required for ships'
armour plates, stringers, girders, and the like, limits the action of the
rolls for reducing the metal to a minimum of the power actually given
out by the prime mover, besides which the gearing occupies much
valuable space.
Now according to this Invention the whole power of the engine is
utilized and in a direct manner upon the rolls for moving them, so that
the operation of rolling is effected in a more practical manner at less
cost, and the machinery occupies less room, the plates under treatment
being reduced in thickness in less time, and consequently are of greater
value when finished, because the rolling can be effected in the majority
of cases during one heat," whereby the fibre or grain becomes less
torn or destroyed, as is the case when plates have to be heated several
times for the several rollings before they are reduced to the desired
thickness.
66
In carrying my Invention into effect I mount my engine, steam or
hydraulic, upon bearings in proximity to the rolls, and cause a rack
upon the cylinder or cylinders or upon the piston rods or extensions

page_text: thereof to gear direct upon one or both pinions of the rolls themselves
or their axles, the length of the cylinders or of the pistons or their
extensions with the rack or racks being such that a reciprocating rotation
of the rolls with the plates between them can be continued for any
length of time for reducing the plates or other body under treatment to
the desired dimensions, such reciprocating action being determined by
the length of stroke of the cylinders or pistons.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings in diagram show how I
propose employing a steam or hydraulic cylinder with a rack upon it
for moving the two rolls at the same speed without the intervention of
gearing. a is the cylinder and 6 the rack thereon; c, c, are the pinions
upon the axles of the rolls, which are rotated towards each to bite and
draw the metal in between them and reduce it as it progresses. Both
pinions contain the same number of teeth; consequently the rolls move
in proportional relation to each, but by arranging one pinion with a
greater or less number of teeth than the other the rolls would travel at
different speeds, whereby the fastest of the two would in addition to
reducing the metal give a smoother face on that side than the slower
moving one would open the other. The cylinder in this instance is
supplied with steam or water through fixed pipes at d, d, which also
serve to guide it two and fro. The cylinder may have two racks upon it,
so that the cylinder being between the pinions can move cach roll inde-
pendently.
Figure 2 represents a double rack 6, b, upon an extension piece of
movable piston, plunger rods, or rams f, f, arranged to be actuated
upon for the to-and-fro movement by steam, water, or other power from
two cylinders a, a. The rack pinion c is driven thereby, the other being
driven through the intermediation of the first pinion. The racked
extension piece e is attached and forms the connection between the two
piston rods.
Figures 3, 4, and 5 represent in part sectional elevation plan and end
view respectively a roll driver a to be acted upon by water, or it may be
steam admitted through valves p, p, in separate boxes h, h, arranged at
the two ends of a bed plate i, upon which the rack and its cylinder a
slides. The inside of the cylinder is provided with a moveable piston j,
and this is acted upon alternately by the inrush of water to push it
almost into contact with the inner end of the hollow rod d, through

page_text: which the exhaust takes places on the cylinder making a stroke in either
direction, the movable piston j forming a kind of cushion for the in-
flowing water to act upon at the same time it is acted upon by the
outflowing or exhaust from the opposite face of it. The length of stroke
of the cylinder, and consequently the amount of rotation given to the
roll is determined by the distance apart of two lugs k, k, these being
arranged upon right and left-hand threaded portions of a rod attached
to the side of the cylinder a, and moves to and fro with it. The lugs
k, k, are for the purpose of striking against tappets m, m, on a transverse
shaft n, the opposite end of which is in connection with the rod of
two valves p, p, the movement of which in either direction opens the
inlet port of one box and the exhaust of the other box. The shifting of
the lugs k, k, can be effected in any convenient manner, but I prefer
that it should be by a winch handle and spindle, to the lower end of
which a bevel wheel is fitted to gear into another bevel wheel keyed
loosely upon the lug shaft so that the shaft can slide to and fro in it.
In these views the rolls are driven through the intermediation of their
own pinions c, c, from the rack g, which is caused to take into the lower
one only, but by reference to Figures 6, 7, and 8, the pinion of each roll
is driven direct by a double rack, this being arranged between them and
drawn to an fro alternately by grippers acted upon by chains or other
appliances, but preferably by pistons working in separate cylinders, as
in the Diagram, Figure 2, but any other method of moving the rack can
be adopted.
It will be understood that the Drawings annexed give only examples
of construction by or through which my Invention can be carried into
effect; consequently I do not limit myself thereto, since it would be
very easy to modify or rearrange the mechanism for driving one or more
pairs of rolls for rolling or reducing the diameter or thickness of metal
rods, bars, plates, or things; also blooms or other lumps of metal of any
form or make, and also for rolling bodies or substances other that
metal.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
Firstly. Rolling or reducing metals by rolls driven by racks acting