Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 7th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 7th Dec., 1889
Πιρτον
т постцы прраг
I, EUGÈNE DUCRETET, of 75, Rue Claude Bernard, Paris, France, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved filtering apparatus applicable for filtering hot
and cold liquids.
The improved apparatus is characterised by the details and the general arrange-
ment hereinafter described with reference to the modification illustrated in the
accompanying drawing.
It comprises substantially, a tubular rigid support, Fi, formed with large prefora-
tions around which is lightly wound a suitable number (according to the nature of
the liquid to be filtered) of superimposed layers of a filtering ribbon, Ti, which may
be of a width covering the entire length of the support, Fi, or only part thereof.
The support, Fi, may be made of any desired shape, and may be formed of metal,
porcelain or of any other suitable rigid material, according to the nature of the liquid
to be purified. Woven wire or sheet metal formed with large perforations will be
found most generally useful.
The material, Ti, may be wound around the support, F, either in helical or con-
centric layers one over the other according to the width of the ribbon and the
configuration of the support, and it may be secured in position by simply tying it with
cords or bands or in any other suitable manner.
The filtering ribbon may consist of any suitable filtering material according to
the nature of the liquid to be purified, fabrics formed of asbestos, linen, hemp, cotton,
wool, silk, jute, ramie, alfa (china grass) felt may be used; as also thinly cut flexible
wood, or strong paper such as ordinarily used for filtering or parchment paper.
Instead of such ribbon, simple cords made of any suitable filtering material wound in
superimposed helices may be used.
Between such layers of filtering ribbon other suitable filtering and decolorizing
materials may be interposed. This filtering ribbon may consist of a kind of flattened
tube its width corresponding with the entire width of, Fi, or with part thereof as
above indicated. The interior of this tube may be provided with the decolorizing
material. It is rolled up and the layers are arranged as above stated.
The filtering material need not be of the same nature throughout the said layers, as
bands of different filtering materials and of different degrees of filtering power may be
employed, with or without decolorizing material.
The
The filtering tube, Fi, Ti, is mounted securely and with tight joints in a fitting, Bo,
and the whole is inserted into a receiver, R e, so as to hermetically close the same.
The receiver is provided with an inlet pipe, T, (the height of which may vary with
the necessary pressure or "head") which leads from a receiver, R, containing the
liquid to be purified and at, o¹, conducts such liquid into the receiver, Re.
receiver, R, is provided with a lid, M, and contains one or more separators which are
made in the form of deep pans closed at the bottom and perforated at the edge, d.
These separators are effective in retaining the coarser impurities in the bottom thereof
and in allowing the liquid to flow out by the apertures, d, and can be rapidly
removed from the receiver, R, without stopping the filtration of the liquid.
At the top part of the receiver, Re, is a pipe communicating with the pipe, T, which is
open at, O, at a level slightly above that of the receiver, R, and serves to eject the air
from the receiver Re. The liquid in the upper part of the receiver, Re, can be
examined by means of the stop-cock, Ro', with which the pipe is provided.
The
lower part of the receiver, Re, is solidly fixed upon a foundation, Su, which is
C

page_text: adapted with a cock, R o, by means of which the liquid, H, contained in, Re, can be
decanted.
The liquid to be purified descends from, R, through the pipe, T¹, out at, O¹, into the
receiver, Re, filling the latter, the air therein being ejected by the pipe, T, at, O. The
liquid then passes into the filtering tube, F, through the filtering material, Ti, and
flows out through the stop cock, Ro, at, O₁, into any suitable receptacle.
The apparatus is reversible, that is to say, the liquid to be purified may follow_a
path opposite to that just described. In this case the tube, T, and the feed reservoir, R,
would be secured to, B o, by a union. or coupling, A, or directly with a tubo, T¹³,
of suitable length. The purified liquid may then be collected either in, Ro', or
in, Ro". In either case any suitable decolorizing matters may be introduced into the
receiver, Fi, or, Re.
Multiple apparatus may be made by fixing any required number of filtering tubes
of any required size constructed as herein before described upon a common support
and in a common casing adapted to unite all the filtering tubes for the intake of the
liquid to be purified or for the outlet of the purified liquid, according to the manner of
working that may be adopted. The following are the arrangements for obtaining
yield of any desired extent. In the case of multiple filtering apparatus the filtering
tubes may be connected or may remain independent of each other in which latter case
the control of the product yielded by each of them is more effective as any filtering
tube filtering imperfectly could be at once changed for another. All the outlet pipes
may lead to one receiver or they may lead to several independent receivers if it is
desired to have various degrees of filtration from the same apparatus in which case the
filtering tubes will be correspondingly arranged.
It is often necessary and advantageous to filter some liquids whilst hot, in such
case the above described apparatus, simple or compound, may be used. The accom-
panying drawing shows the apparatus adapted with a hot water jacket, B, M, and
enclosed in a receptacle, Re', fixed on the same foundation, Su, and adapted with a
discharge opening, De. If desired, a covering of felt, Fu, may surround the
receiver, Re¹. The liquid for keeping the jacket, B M, hot may be of any kind, it
will transmit its heat to the liquids contained in R e, and, F i. The heating agent
inay circulate either in a coil passing through the entire length of the jacket, B, M, or
in a straight pipe passing through the jacket, or the receiver may be fixed against or
upon and be heated by a flue. The jacket, B M, may be dispensed with if the coil or
straight pipe is passed directly through the liquid to be purified, or if the receiver, Re,
is fixed directly upon a flue the heat whereof is to be utilized.
The heating agent employed may be of any suitable nature such as steam, hot air,
or hot gases derived from any generator, exhaust steam from a steam engine, hot air
or gas from any other motor or hot waste-water.
For filtering at low temperatures the cooling medium would be put into, Re, or the
jacket, B M.
The cooling medium may be of any suitable kind according to the
nature of the liquid to be purified. For filtering under pressure, a forcing apparatus
or pump with or without an air chamber may be used in connection with the filter
and be caused to act upon the liquid to be filtered. The pump may be worked by
hand or power of any kind.
All the inner and outer parts of this filter can be readily taken apart and
easily kept in order at little cost, conditions which are indispensable for perfect
action and cheap maintainance.
Dated this 24th day of January 1889.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
Improved Filtering Apparatus.
I, EUGÈNE DUCRETET, of 75 Rue Claude Bernard, Paris, France, Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This Invention relates to improved filtering apparatus applicable for filtering hot
and cold liquids.
The improved apparatus is characterised by the details and the general arrange-
ment hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The apparatus comprises substantially the filtering parts and the several parts for
distributing the liquid to be purified forming together an apparatus suitable for
industrial purposes.
The filtering portion comprises a rigid supporting pipe, TS,
formed with large perforations around which is tightly rolled in superimposed folds
(the number of which is adapted to the nature of the liquid to be purified) a filtering
band, Ti, of suitable length and width made of any suitable filtering medium, and
with it a suitable discoloring medium may be incorporated if desired.
This filtering
medium or material may be attached to the support, T S, either by removable rings or
by being tied with string or otherwise.
The supporting tube, T S, may consist of metal or the like or any other suitable
solid material, it is stopped at the bottom, as at, b, and is screwed at, e, to the mount
or holder, Bo, which in turn is fixed upon the upper part, F, of the receptacle, Re,
and it receives the inlet pipe, T, through which the liquid to be purified is supplied.
The height of this pipe varies according to the pressure that is required; and the pipe
opens into the receiver, R, which is closed by a lid, m, and one or more separating
vessels, D. consisting of deeply concaved diaphragms, D, which are fixed upon a
central rod, P, and are formed with solid bottoms, and with apertures, d, at their edges.
The gross impurities put into the receiver, R, are retained at the bottom of the
diaphragms, D, and the more liquid portions flow off at the edges through the apertures, d.
These separating devices diminish the wear of the filtering portion, are very efficacious
in use, and may be rapidly cleaned without interrupting the filtering operation.
The liquid to be purified flows into the receiver, and out of it by the opening, H,
into the receptacle, Re, from which the pipe, T', serves to allow any air to escape,
at, O. The pipe T' may be fitted with a draw-off cock, 3, and at the lower part of, Re,
another draw-off cock, 2, may be provided for decanting the liquid from Re.
It will be seen that the liquid to be filtered passes from, R to, Re, thence through
the filtering medium wound upon the support, T S, and out through the pipe, T¹,
(which is secured by the nut, e, and is provided with a stop-cock 1) into any suitable
receiver. The receptacle, Fi, thus contains the liquid filtered by passing through, Ti.
The apparatus is mounted upon a strong base plate, Su, which is fitted with a
draw-off plug at D.
The apparatus is reversible, that is to say the liquid to be filtered may flow in
a direction contrary to that above set forth. In that case the pipe, T, and the feed
reservoir, R, would be fixed upon, B o, and the filtered liquid would then be drawn
from, 2, or, 3. In either case decolorising material can be introduced into, Fi, Re,
or into the filtering medium wound upon, T S.
Multiple apparatus may be constructed by inserting in, R e, any suitable number of
filtering tubes of any suitable size, such as above set forth. At the outlet for the
liquid they would be connected by any suitable fittings, they would act independently
of one another should it be desired to watch the operation of each one separately,
and one apparatus may even be made to furnish liquid of different degrees of
filtration by varying the nature of the filtering medium wound upon the tubes.
Many heavy or thick liquids have to be
apparatus, single or multiple, may be used.
hot water jacket, B M, may form part of the
filtered when hot, in that case the same
As shown in the annexed drawing, a
apparatus surrounding, Re, and may be

page_text: covered with felt, Fu, to retain the heat which will be transmitted to the liqui
contained in, R e. The heating agent may circulate either in a coil or in a straight
pipe passing through the jacket or in any other arrangement of pipe-the jacket may if
desired be placed and fixed against the pipe. In any case the pipe, whether coiled or
straight may, if the jacket is not used, pass through or be applied to the receiver
containing the liquid, although a jacket is preferable.
The heating agent may be of any suitable nature, such as bot water steam, hot air
or gases derived from any generator provided for the purpose, or waste heat such as
the exhaust steam of an engine waste hot air or water from motors and other sources.
When filtration is to be effected at low temperatures the jacket may receive any
suitable refrigerating medium.
For filtering under pressure a suitable forcing apparatus such as a pump with or
without an air chamber can be readily applied to this apparatus, and act on the liquid
to be purified. The pump may be worked by hand or any power.
It is obvious that all the parts, internal & external of this industrial filter can
be readily unmounted and repaired without difficulty. According to the nature of
the substance to be filtered the parts will be made of metal, or of porcelain or other
suitable material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in, what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is: -
The herein before described filtering apparatus.
th day of October 1889.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.