AN IMPROVED METHOD OF CONDENSING LEAD AND OTHER METALLIC FUMES AND VAPOURS FROM FURNACES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Bennett, of Holywell, in the County of
Flint, Metallurgist, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
CONDENSING LEAD AND OTHER METALLIC FUMES AND VAPOURS FROM
FURNACES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Bennett at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th April 1863.
I, FREDERICK BENNETT, of Holywell, in the County of Flint, Metallurgist,
do hereby declare the nature of tho said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF CONDENSING LEAD AND OTHER METALLIC FUMES AND VAPOURS FROM
FURNACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the condensation of the metallic fumes
and vapours, volatilized from lead smelting and other furnaces. I place a
wheel, by preference constructed on the principle of the archimedean screw,
or any other form of wheel, with vanes or floats in the main flue, or in a
separate chamber arranged for the purpose, through which all the waste or
volatilized metallic fumes or other vapours to bo condensed are passed, and
I cause a constant supply of water to be maintained at such a level in the
chamber or flus that the ends or more of the vanes may be immersed.

page_text: I impart rapid rotary motion to the wheel when the metallic fumes or the
vapours are drawn and thrown to the periphery, the vanes at the same time
throw a constant spray or quantity of water, which, mingling with the fumes
or the vapours condenses them. Should perfect condensation not be effected
by one wheel, a second wheel or more may be employed in the same flue or
chamber, and a similar process repeated over and over again until entire
condensation is secured. I maintain a constant flow of water through the
chamber with suitable outlets for the condensed fumes or vapours. Under
some circumstances I impregnate the water with the soluble chlorides or
carbonates for the purpose of assisting condensation by chemical combination.
A condensing chamber may be used in addition to that described which may
be partially filled with water or coke kept saturated with water, through
which the metallic fumes or vapours may be drawn by the suction of the
hool
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 1
and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said Frederick Bennett
in the Great Seal Patent Oflice on the 14th November 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
BENNETT, of Holywell, in the County of Flint, Metallurgist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Frederick Bennett, Her special licence that I, the said Frederick
Bennett, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the 2
said Frederick Bennett, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for 9
"AN IMPROVED METHOD OF CONDENSING LEAD AND OTHER METALLIC FUMES AND
VAPOURS FROM FURNACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Frederick Bennett, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature, of the said Invention, and in what 3
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the

page_text: Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Bennett, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object the condensation of the metallic fumes of
lead, copper, and other ores and minerals, also noxious smoke and gases, salts,
acids, and other vapours volatilized from smelting and other furnaces. I placo
a wheel, by preference constructed on the principle of the archimedean screw
or any other form of wheel with vanes or floats in the main flue, or in a
separate chamber arranged for the purpose, through which all the wasto or
volatilized metallic fumes, smoke, gases, salts, acids, and vapours to be
condensed are passed, and I cause a constant supply of water to be maintained
at such a level in the chamber or flue that the ends or more of the vanes may
be immersed. I impart rapid rotatory motion to the wheel when the metallic
fumes and other products are drawn and thrown to the periphery, the vanes
nt the same time throw a constant spray or quantity of water, which, mingling
with the fumes and other products, condenses them. Should perfect conden-
sation not be effected by one wheel, a second wheel or more may be employed
in the same flue or chamber, or in similar flue or chambers, and the process
repeated over and over again until entire condensation is secured. I maintain a
constant flow of water through the chamber with suitable outlets for the
condensed fumes or vapours. Under some circumstances I impregnate the
water with the soluble chlorides or carbonates for the purpose of assisting
condensation by chemical combination. A condensing chamber or chambers
may be used in addition to that described, which may be partially filled with
water or coke kept saturated with water through which the metallic fumes
and other products may be drawn by the draught or suction of the wheel.
In the accompanying Drawings I show the manner in which I carry my
Invention into effect. A, Figure 1, is the flue from the furnace opening
into a chamber B; C is a shaft on which a wheel formed with screw
vanes or blades D, D, is fixed; E is a pulley on the shaft round which a
strap or band is passed for communicating rotary motion to the wheel. F is
a water supply pipe for keeping the chamber supplied with water to such a
level that a portion of the blades shall be submerged at one part of their
rotation. G, G, are bridges or partitions in the chamber, supported on arches
or otherwise; II is the outlet for the condensed fumes and vapors; J is the

page_text: outlet flue leading to the chamber; K is the tank for receiving tho condensed
products from the chamber B. Figure 2 shews in longitudinal section a
modification in the shape of the upper part of the chamber; Figure 3 shews
in plan another modification in which the flue from the furnace is forked in
order to obtain two entrances for the fumes and vapours into the chamber,
one on each side of the shaft of the wheel.
The operation is as follows:-Upon rotary motion being communicated to
the wheel it draws in the fumes and vapours from the furnace fluo into tho
condensing chamber, throws up and mixes or brings water in contact with
them, the metallic fumes and particles are arrested and condensed, the noxious
smoke is purified, and the soluble gases, acids, and salts are held in solution
in the chamber, from whence they may be collected.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not limit myself to
the precise manner of carrying my Invention into effect, heroin-before
described, as the details may be varied to suit special circumstances of the
furnaces to which my Invention may be adapted; neither do I limit myself
to any precise form or number of blades in the wheel made to rotate in the
condensing chamber; and that I claim condensing lead and other metallic
fumes and vapours from furnaces by causing them to be drawn from the fluo
into a chamber containing water and mixed with the water by means of a
wheel or screw blades, substantially in manner before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Bennett, havo hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of November, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-three.
Witness,
JOSEPHI HUGHES.
FRED. BENNETT. (L.s.)