Improvements in Circular Looms.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Circular Looms.
We, JOSEF HEROLD, of Zollhansglacis, Brünn, in the Empire of Austria,
Manufacturer, and CARL HEROLD, of Konigsfeld, near Brünn aforesaid, Mill-owner,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
-
In the circular loom with electro magnetic shuttle driving arrangement, which
is the subject of the present invention, the shed is outside all the mechanical parts
and the latter are driven by a single vertical shaft in the centre.
In the accompanying drawings:-
Fig. 1. Is a vertical section of the loom.
Fig. 2. Vertical section of part of the loom on an enlarged scale to illustrate
more clearly the details.
Fig. 3. Side elevation partly in section of the driving mechanism.
Fig. 4. Plan of the eccentrics for forming the shed.
Fig. 4. Section of the eccentric on x-, Fig. 4.
Fig. 5. Sectional elevation on y-y, Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Horizontal plan of the intermediate pieces e³.
Fig. 6. Horizontal and vertical sections of the wire healds et grouped together in
sets upon the wire f¹.
Fig. 7. Plan of the lever h² and of the reed h³.
Fig. 8. Plan from below of the eccentric disc or cam k³.
Fig. 9. Front elevation of the circular segments m m¹.
Motion is imparted to the vertical shaft a from the horizontal shaft a¹ by means
of the bevelled wheels a² a. One end of the vertical shaft a is supported in the
footstep and the other end in the collar b¹, which latter is let into the pedestal or
bracket 2. The bracket 62 is firmly screwed to the centre cross rail or beam b³,
which connects the two beams 6 of the frame. The pedestals of the shaft a¹
are attached to the same frame.
The remainder of the frame consists of two side uprights c, which are connected
at the top by two cross rails c¹. Each of the latter carries a headpiece c² by which
the cloth rollers are supported.
Above the cross rails c¹ the eccentrics d for the formation of the shed are placed
upon the shaft a and fixed on same by the nuts all whilst they are connected to each
other by the screws ². These shed forming cams d, the number of which depends
on the draught required for the cloth (in the present instance the arrangement is
for a four leaved twill on both sides) are shaped as shown in Figs. 4 and 4*. In
the grooves e of these cams travel studs e2 fitted with rollers e¹, carried by the
connecting rods or pieces e³. These connecting rods or pieces e³ are carried or
supported by the radial horizontal slots e of the rings e6, which are connected with
each other by screws e and supported by the brackets 6 bolted to the pedestal
bracket 6. To the outer ends of the connecting rods are attached the wire
healds et grouped together in sets. The attachment of the healds to the connect-
ing rods is effected so that each group or set of healds is, by means of the

page_text: discs or washers f, the diameters of which are rather larger than the eyes e" of the
healds loosely placed upon the wire f¹, the washers f being held by the caps f
and screws f in the clamp shaped ends of the connecting rods e³. (See Figs. 6
and 2). By this method of fastening, the healds are allowed freedom of motion in
all directions without risk of being bent or entangled, which would frequently
occur if the healds e were carried direct into the grooves e of the cams d.
The groove cams d are shaped according to the kind of weave required and
increase in diameter successively one below the other, for the reason that the inner
side of the shed being perpendicular forms a sharp angle with 'the outer one g¹,
the protrusion of the heald wires will be greater the further they are from
the apex of the shed, and therefore the cams which cause the protrusion must have
a proportionately greater throw. The healds are guided and supported by the
apertures in the concentric metal plates 3 and their outer ends when pushed
out project into the annular cases g.
Upon the topmost ring e an annular top
screws e, and on this top the lever bearings
the same screws, (see also Fig. 7).
is fastened by the above mentioned
', arranged in a circle, are fixed by
The radially arranged three armed levers 2 are pivoted on the studs or pins h³
in the bearings and their arms 8, which are fitted with rollers move in the
path of the rotating cam comprising the two parts and fastened to the
shaft a by the nuts of o. The arms slide in the part and the arms h are
each fitted with a groove i, in which are fastened by the wedges 2 and screws
reed segments 5, which are provided with a wedge shaped piece on the upper
side, (see Fig. 2).
the
The diamagnetic circular segments m, which together form the bottom ring or
race against which the shuttles revolve or travel are fastened to the upper parts of
the lever arms. The diamagnetic circular segments m¹ correspond to the circular
segments m and form the upper ring or race against which the shuttles revolve or
travel. The individual corresponding segments m m¹ are connected with each other
by means of the pieces m² (see Figs. 2 and 9).
Between the circular races formed by the segments mm², the magnets n move, the
poles of each of which carry a roller n¹, which comes into contact with the
segments m' as the magnet n revolves past them. By this means any protrusion
of the individual segments m¹ beyond the circular periphery of the shuttle race is
obviated, as well as any bending of the connecting plates m². The electro magnets n
are carried by the arms o which are fastened to the shaft a by means of the nuts o¹.
The shuttles p, impelled by the electro magnets n, travel with their pair of
paramagnetic rollers against the shuttle race rings formed out of the circular
segments m m and with their pair of rollers 2 on to the roed or batten 45.
The temple ring 7 is placed loosely on the uppermost end of the shaft .. It
carries at the bottom a metal cylinder q and passes upwards into the funnel-
shaped cloth delivery part q³, over which the finished web is carried between the
delivery rollers r.
In operation the circular loom works as follows:-
The warp threads pass from the warp beams t over the rail or beam t¹ and cross
rings to the healds c and are then drawn through the reed or batten h³. The
shuttles which are brought into the shed thus formed are carried round in a
circle by the rotating electro magnets n and introduce the weft threads. When
a given length of the weft thread has been carried into the shed and the magnets
with the shuttles have passed, the arm he enters the inwardly inclined bend k of
the groove or path of the revolving cam 3, whereby the lever h² is moved about
its central pivot h³ and the reed or batten he carried at the end of the arm + beats
the weft upwards into the cloth. This motion of the lever is rendered possible by
the shuttle rings being divided into segments m m² and participating in the upward
movement. As soon as the weft is beaten up, the levers h² resume their original
position owing to the arm 8 re-entering the concentric part of the groove or
path of the cam ³. The heddle cams & open the shed before each shuttle, and

page_text: change it after the shuttle has passed, this movement being effected by the
corresponding curves in the grooves e.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
1. In a circular loom with electro-magnetic shuttle driving mechanism, shuttle
race rings comprising diamagnetic circular segments m m' connected to each other
by plates m² attached to the upper side of the levers 2 which carry the reeds h³,
the electro magnets n which actuate or carry forward the shuttles, the shuttles ?
travelling on rollers ³ over the reeds h and the arms h8 actuated by the curve
of the cam whereby the segments m m³ are lifted simultaneously with the reed
when the latter beats the weft thread up to the cloth substantially as described.
2. In a circular loom with electro magnetic shuttle driving mechanism (such as
referred to in Claim 1) the healds grouped in sets upon wires fi with inter-
mediate discs or washers f of larger diameter than the eyes of the wires by which
they are secured to the connecting rods e3 by the caps f the screws f* and clamp
shaped ends f³, in combination with the connecting rods supported by the radial
slots in the rings e and actuated by the studs sliding in grooves e of the
cams whereby a free motion of the healds in all directions is obtained and the
concentric metal plate g³ with apertures 2 through which the wires pass substan-
tially as described.
3. In a circular loom such as described, the combination and arrangement of
the shed forming cams d having each cam made larger than the one above it, for
the purpose of ensuring a greater projection of the healds the further they are
from the apex of the shed substantially as described.
4. A circular loom having the several parts constructed
bination substantially as and for the purpose described.
Dated this 18th day of March 1898.
and arranged in com-
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool & London, Patent Agents.