IMPROVEMENTS IN BOGIES PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER UNDERGEAR FOR RAILWAY AND TRAMWAY ROLLING STOCK
Year: 1885

page_text: L:
We, JOHN BROWN of N° 42 Burnett Street Redfern near Sydney in the Colony
of New South Wales Carriage Builder and THOMAS MIDELTON of No 2 Codrington
Street Darlington near Sydney aforesaid Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare
the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN BOGIES PARTS OF WHICH ARE
APPLICABLE TO OTHER UNDERGEAR FOR RAILWAY AND TRAMWAY ROLLING STOCK
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This Invention has been designed principally for the purpose of allowing the
wheels of bogies which support carriages or other railway or tramway, rolling stock
to adapt themselves within certain limits to the various curves over which they
may be travelling that is to say so that the axles of such bogie wheels will
automatically radiate themselves towards the centre of the curve by reason of the
wheels thereon always being caused, principally by their flanges to travel parallel
with the rails or to put it in plain words when the bogie is, passing over a curve
the wheels upon the outer rail will extend their distance apart while those on the
inner rail will approach one another proportionately to the radius of the curve
being "run
upon Some of the parts designed in the carrying out of this
invention may be applied to other methods of mounting wheels and axles.
"
Our improvements in bogies consist first and principally in attaching the axles
of the two pairs of wheels together by a jointed or articulated connection-the
axles of each pair of which having a certain amount of independent play beneath
the vehicles about a central pin unattached to its underframe-One part of the
articulated connection thus formed is centred to said underframe at a predetermined
distance from the said central pin while the other part of the articulated connection
is radially connected to the said underframe.
Our improvements consist secondly in a peculiar method of giving independent
play to each pair of wheels-thirdly in supporting the vehicle frame and its super-
incumbent weight directly or almost directly above the head of the rail-fourthly
in the method of constructing the wheels and axles each wheel having an
independent motion on its axle that is the revolution of one wheel on the axle is not
governed by that of the other wheel on the same axle, fifthly in transferring the
superincumbent weight preferably by fluid pressure from off the journals of the

page_text: axles on to the peripheries of the wheels so as to form an efficient brake and
further in the particular combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter more
clearly set forth.
"
In our improved bogies the vehicle frame and its superincumbent weight is
supported (with the intervention of the usual springs) by a longitudinal beam on
either side whose ends rest upon or in a groove on the top of the axle boxes on
that side of the bogie and which ends are curved to allow the required amount of
play when the axles radiate The axle boxes are tied together by guiding frames
or rods or what we term "axle frames which are jointed about a central pin
which we call the "bogie pin"-At a predetermined distance from this bogie pin
one of said axle frames is centred upon the "king bolt" which is supported from
the vehicle by a transverse beam or frame-The other axle frame is connected
from its outer ends by links or radius bars to the vehicle underframe by centre
studs on either side of the king bolt and in its transverse support or to one centre
depending from the vehicle.
Our wheels we make "dished" shape with a journal or hub in the concave
portion and we do not fasten them to the axle which only assists (according to our
method of mounting) to determine the gauge of the wheels the said "journal
hubs "fit and revolve within the axle boxes and the axle passes through them and
has a nut on either end-The longitudinal bearing beam before mentioned rests
upon the axle boxes and the weight which it carries is received by such boxes
and the journals therein at a point directly or almost directly above the head of
the rail.
The brake mechanism, is supported above and by the axle frames the shoes
which are on the ends of the transverse brake beams being held "off" the
peripheries of the wheels by a spring within each of the brake cylinders and said
brakes are applied by the aid of pressure preferably of a fluid nature admitted to
within said cylinders from an accumulator or in any other approved well known
manner.
But in order that our invention may be clearly understood we will now describe
the same with reference to the drawings hereto attached in which Figure 1 is a
longitudinal elevation of a bogie constructed according to our said invention-
Figure 2 is a plan-Figure 8 a longitudinal sectional elevation upon the centre
line omitting some parts-Figure 4 is an end elevation-Figure 5 a cross section
on the line a a in Figure 2 and Figure 6 a cross section on the line b b in same
figure.
In Figure 2 for the sake of clearness the brake mechanism is shown above but
one pair of wheels and in Figures 4 and 5 it is omitted altogether.
A A are the wheels-B one axle (say of the leading wheels) C the other axle
D the longitudinal bearing beam-E the bogie pin-F the king bolt-G links or
radius bars and H brake cylinders A¹ A¹ are journal hubs A concave web
of wheels-B¹ and C¹ are nuts on ends of axles-B and C axle boxes and
B and C grooves in covers thereof-B and C are the axle frames constructed
preferably of sheet or plate iron bolted or rivetted to the transverse channel
irons B and C which hold the axle boxes-D¹ are rests for vehicle underframe-
D2 suspending links and D³ springs-El and F1 are jaws flanges or strengthening
pieces to form the joint at E and F-E³ is friction piece or sliding block having
longitudinal play-Fs is transverse frame or beam-G₁ are centre pins-G' brackets
or distance pieces-H7 brake beam-H¹ brake shoes-H* plunger or piston―
H³ springs-H piston rod and H' its foot and guide-H are cylinder standards or
supports from axle frames:
In travelling over or passing around a curve the axle B is radiated or placed
square or nearly square across the rails or in other words the wheels are caused
to travel parallel with the rails by the action of the rails upon the flanges of
the wheels which moves axle frame B' about the king bolt F and causes bogie
pin E to move to one side of the centre line of the car and the wheels A on axle C
(being centred upon bogie pin E) also become "radiated" by the links or radius

page_text: bars G whose centres move..to one side of the centre line of the rails and control
the axle frame C' and pull the axle C square or nearly square across the rails thus
dividing the radiation between the two pairs of wheels-As the wheels on the
inner rail of the curve have less distance to travel they have a less number of
revolutions than those on the outer and being free within the axle boxes and upon
the axles this takes place without strain and with a minimum of friction.
Pressure is supplied from an accumulator or in any well known manner to
cylinder H and when desired admitted upon piston H' to compress spring H* and
force the beam H' with shoes H' on to top of the peripheries of wheels A against
the supporting stays or standards H-that is the ends of beam H' rest upon the
wheels and the pressure above the piston lifts the weight of and upon frames &c by.
means of the said standards thus relieving the axle boxes of the superincumbent
weight of the car and transfers it to the peripheries of the wheels A and forms an
efficient brake upon them-When the pressure is relieved the spring H³ returns
the beam H' and shoes H¹ to their normal position "off" the wheels.
Instead of the centre pins G¹ one pin in the centre attached to the car under-
frame would serve the same purpose and the position of this is shown by dotted
lines joining the centre line at G³ in Figure 2-The relative position of the bogie
pin E and the king bolt F are preferably determined by the length of the car
under which they are placed the former being generally placed in the centre of the
bogie and the latter at a distance from it greater or smaller as the car is longer or
shorter and distance apart of centres G¹ of the radius bars or rods is likewise
determined in the same manner.
The ends of the longitudinal bearing beams D rest in grooves B³ and C³ on top
of the axle boxes and have play within such by reason of their shape as shown and
their sliding action and it will be seen that by this arrangement the weight is
directly received upon the journals or hubs of the wheels or "journal hubs" and
not by the axles and it is received as nearly as possible above the point of resistance
that is above the point of contact with the rails.
Figure 7 is a diagrammatic plan illustrating the main principle of the radiating
motion a a is one axle-b b other axle cc centre line of car d position of "bogie
pin e position of "king bolt" ff centres of radius bar or links f¹ alternate
common centre for same and 99 centre line of a railway curve of eighty feet
radius.
Having thus described the nature of our invention and the manner in which
the same is to be performed we would have it understood that we do not confine
ourselves to any particular manner or mechanism for carrying our invention into
practical effect but what we believe to be novel and therefore claim as our
improvements in bogies parts of which are applicable to other undergear for railway
and tramway rolling stock is
First Centreing one member of a jointed attachment between the axles of two
pair of wheels to the vehicle underframe at a distance from its joint the other
member being radially connected to the said underframe substantially as herein
described and explained.
Second Supporting the vehicle frame and its superincumbent weight by or
upon a longitudinal beam resting upon the axle boxes substantially as herein
described and explained.
Third Supporting the vehicle frame and its superincumbent weight upon the
"journal bubs" of the wheels at or near to a point directly above the rail
substantially as herein described and explained.
Fourth Applying a brake to the wheels by transferring the weight of said
vehicle and its superincumbent weight from the bearings the axles &c to the
peripheries of such wheels substantially as herein described and explained.
Fifth The combination and arrangement of "independent" wheels A (that is
loose upon the axle) the axle frames B and C the bogie pin E the king bolt F

page_text: and the radius bars or links G substantially as herein described and explained and
as illustrated in the drawings.
:
Sixth-The combination and arrangement of the beam H7 and shoes H³ with a
pressure cylinder H supported directly, upon or by the axle boxes or their frames
substantially as herein described and explained and as illustrated in the drawings.
· Dated this 21st day of February A.D, 1885.
Witness,
JOHN BROWN.
THOB MIDELTON.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
Agents.
FRED. WALSH.