IMPROVEMENTS IN IMPLEMENTS FOR BREAKING UP THE SOIL, AND IN ROPES AND DRUMS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE CULTIVATION OF THE SOIL BY STEAM
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Collinson Hall, of Navestock, in the County of Essex,
Agriculturalist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN IMPLEMENTS FOR
BREAKING UP THE SOIL, AND IN ROPES AND DRUMS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE
CULTIVATION OF THE SOIL BY STEAM."
Sealed the 5th September 1862, and dated the 11th March 1862.
the
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Collinson Hall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
11th March 1862.
I, COLLINSON HALL, of Navestock, in the County of Essex, Agriculturalist,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
IMPLEMENTS FOR BREAKING UP THE SOIL, AND IN ROPES AND DRUMS TO BE EMPLOYED
IN THE CULTIVATION OF THE SOIL BY STEAM," to be as follows:-
"J
My Invention consists, first, in constructing implements for breaking up the
soil as follows: I take a sharp cutting steel bar, of any convenient width,
set at an angle to the line of draught, whereby the depth this cutting bar
travels under the surface is regulated; I screw into this bar at intervals sharp
cutters which direct the soil and at the same time, raise the weeds and roots
to the surface. According to the shape of the cutters so will the soil be
turned.
Hitherto wire ropes have, been used in steam agriculture, and as they
become soon' worn, and possess other defects, I substitute for them ropes made

page_text: as hereafter described, and I use with such, ropes drums such as also here-
after described, and the manufacture of these ropes and drums consti-
tutes the second part of my Invention. I take bars or rods of steel or iron,
though I prefer steel, and of a length determined by the length of the divisions
of or on my drum, and I unite the bars or rods by means of short links, or by
means of eyes through which a pin is inserted, or I employ any other suitable
means of junction; I form my drums with the periphery divided into parts,
the length of each separate part corresponds with the length of the bars or
rods in the chain to be used with it, with a space or provision for the reception
of the link or joint between every two bars or rods. For instance, my drum
be composed of three sides or divisions, the surfaces of which may be flat
or curved for the bars or rods in the rope to bear against or be received upon,
while the links or joints would be received upon or in the parts forming the
ends of the divisions. Again, my drum may be circular, with sunk recesses
for the reception of the connections between the ropes. Drums made
according to my Invention will in every case have a direct grip upon the ropes
constructed according to my Invention, the drums and ropes being calculated
to be used together.
may
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Collinson Hall in the Great. Seal Patent Office on the
11th September 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, COLLINSON
HALL, of Navestock, in the County of Essex, Agriculturalist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Collinson Hall, Her special licence that I, the said Collinson Hall,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Collinson Hall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
IMPLEMENTS FOR BREAKING UP THE SOIL, AND IN ROPES AND DRUMS TO BE EMPLOYED
IN THE CULTIVATION OF THE SOIL BY STEAM," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Collinson Hall, my executors or administrators, by, an

page_text: instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Collinson Hall, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, reference being had to the 'Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to
say:
My Invention consists, first, in constructing implements for breaking up the
soil as follows:-I take a sharp cutting steel bar, of any convenient width,
set at an angle to the line of draught, whereby the depth this cutting: bar
travels under the surface is regulated; I screw into this bar at intervals sharp
cutters which direct the soil and at the same time raise the weeds and roots
to the surface. According to the shape of the cutters so will the soil. be
turned.
Hitherto wire ropes have been used for drawing implements in steam agri-
culture, and they become soon worn and possess other defects. Now. the
second part of my Invention consists in constructing ropes. as hereafter
described, which I substitute for wire ropes, and I use with my ropes 'drúms
'which I construct as also hereafter described. I take bars or rods of steel or
iron, though I prefer steel, and of a length determined by the length of the
divisions of or on my drum, and I unite the bars or rods by means of short
links, or by means of eyes through which a pin is inserted, or I employ any
other suitable means of junction; I form my drums with the periphery divided
into parts, the length of each separate part corresponds with the length of the
bars or rods in the chain to be used with it, with a space or provision for the.
reception of the link or joint between every two bars or rods. For instance,
my drum may be composed of three "sides or divisions, the surfaces of which
may be flat or curved for the bars or rods in the rope to bear against or be
received upon, while the links or joints would be received upon or in the parts
forming the ends of the divisions. Again, my drum may be circular, with
sunk recesses for the reception of the connections between the ropes. Drums
made according to my Invention will in every case have a direct grip upon
the ropes constructed according to my Invention, the drums and ropes being
calculated to be used together.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings shows one of the bars or rods
composing my rope; Figure 2 shows one of the links, composed of two plates,

page_text: by which the bars or rods are united together. Each end of the bar is formed
with an eye a, which is placed between the plates of the link b; b, and a rivet c
secures them together, as shewn in Figure 3. Figure 4 is a horizontal section
I of one of my drums, with the periphery divided into parts, on which my
improved rope is shewn. I prefer to form my drum of several segments,
which when united constitute a complete drum. That shown in the Drawing
is formed of seven of such segments; each segment carries a flat division or
part a equal in length to one of the bars of the rope to be used with the drum,
also a flat part d', in which a tongue is inserted for the reception of the links
between the bars. Each segment is united to that next to it by a flange
formed on one end taking into a corresponding groove or aperture in the next
segment, and so on for the whole periphery. The segments are secured by
bolts passing through the apertures f, f, to a bed g of the drum; h, h, are the
tongues in the parts d', 'd. The segments are duplicates of one another, to
allow, in case of one breaking, of another being easily substituted. At the
same time the circumference of the drum can be increased or diminished by
adding to or taking from the number of segments. I prefer the drum should
be formed with an odd number of segments, for example, 5, 7, or 9: To
facilitate the lengthening and shortening of the rope I connect the bars to the
links at intervals by screw bolts instead of rivets to enable additional bars and
links to be readily added, or to enable bars and links to be removed.
And having now. described the nature of my said Invention; and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not limit myself to
the method herein-before described of forming the drums, but I claim, manu-
facturing ropes employed in the cultivation of the soil by steam consisting of;
bars or rods of iron or steel united by links, as herein-before described, and
the construction and employment with such ropes of drums the periphery of
which is divided into parts, each separate part corresponding with the length
of the bars in the ropes, and with a space for the reception of the links,
substantially in manner herein-before described with reference to the accom-.
panying Drawings..
:
In witness whereof, I, the said Collinson Hall, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of September, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-two.
COLLINSON HALL. (L.S.)