IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR. TAPS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, of 16,
Castle Street, Holborn, in the City of London, Patent Agent, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR. TAPS."-A com-
munication.
20
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Auguste Edouard
Loradoux Bellford at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with bis Petition, on the 20th October. 1852.
1, AUGUSTE EDOUARD LORADOUX BELLFORD, of 16, Castle St.,
Tolborn, in the City of London. Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR TAPS "
to be as follows:-
This new kind of cock or tap has the advantage over those already
known of permitting the entrance of air into the cask only when the
cock or tap by which the liquid escapes is opened; besides it can be
applied to every kind of cask or vessel serving to hold liquids which'
lose strength by contact with air. It is composed, like the ordinary
cocks or taps, of a cock body A, and key B; the body of the cock has'
small tenons C, C, which are pierced. The key B, has a small circular

page_text: opening corresponding to the opening of the tenons, so that when the
cock is opened a communication is established between the two tenons.
At the extremity of one of the tenons C, is fixed a tube E, (of india-
rubber or any other suitable material,) which has at its extremity a plug
D, with a passage through it. This plug is fixed at the upper part of the
cask, so that when the cock is opened to extract the liquid contained in
the cask, the air is introduced by the opening of the tenon C, and
replaces in the cask the liquid which goes out of it, and as soon as the
cock is shut the communication of the upper part of the cask with the
exterior air is broken off.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Auguste Elouard Loradoux Bellford in the Great
Seal Patent Office, on the 19th April 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
AUGUSTE EDOUARD LORADOUX BELLFORD, of 16, Castle Street, IIolborn,
City, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, IIer heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, Her
especial licence that I, the said Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the said
Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, my executors. administrators.
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention, communicated to me by a foreigner
residing abroad, for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR TAPS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Auguste Edouard Lora-
doux Bellford, by an instrument in writing under my hand and

page_text: seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
•
'
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Auguste Edouard Loradoux
Bellford, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:
.
This Invention consists of a new cock or tap which only allows the
entrance of the air into the cask when the cock is open; it may be
applied to any kind of cask or vessel serving to contain liquids. It
is composed, as ordinary cocks, of a main piece A, and of a key B;
the main piece has two small clamps C, C', which are perforated; the
ker B, has a circular opening corresponding to the openings of thè
clamps in such inanner that when the cask is open a communication
is established at the same time from one clamp to the other. At the
extremity of one of the clamps C, is fixed a tube E, of india-rubber or
of
any other suitable substance, having at its extremity a wooden pog
or stopper D, pierced at its interior. This peg is fixed to the upper
part of the cask, so that when the cock is open to draw the liquid
contained in the cask, the air is introduced by the opening of the
clamp C', and replaces in the cask the liquid that has been poured
from it. When the cock is shut the communication of the upper part
of the cask with the external air is intercepted.
Fig. 2, shows the application of this Invention. A tube may be
adapted to the extremity of the clamp C', to bring cold air into the cask,
or any kind of air or gas. Fig. 3, represents another arrangement by
which the liquid fiom a cask is made to ascend from the cellar to the
ground floor or any story of a house. For this purpose a suitable pump is
used. It is represented at B, and consists of a leather bellows Imed with
gutta-percha. This pump is made to communicate by the cock C, to
the cask D, containing the liquid, which has been compressed to expel
the air by means, for instance, of a series of casks of an increasing size
communicating with one another and with the vessel D; the latter,
which is at the same time the largest of the casks of the scries, is

page_text: furnished with a cask A, similar to the one above described, and by the
cock El, with a tube .E, attached to the cask I, containing the liquid to
.be raised, and ending at the ground floor of at the story to which the
liquid. is to be raised. The extremity of this tube is furnished with a
cock F. A weight P, acts on the upper part of the bellows B.
When the apparatus is to be worked the weight is raised either by
land, by the help of a counterweight, or by any other means. The cock
C, is previously opened, so that the compressed liquid contained in the
cask D, may pass into the pump B; when the latter is full the cock
C, is closed, and the cock H, is opened; the weight P, is then left to
act. It is easy to understand that, provided the weight be sufficient,
the liquid from the cask I,..will gush from.the extremity of the tube E,
when the cock I, is opened, and that a quantity of liquid équal to that
contained in the body of the pump B, will be forced by the weight P, to
flow from the tube E; the retailer will no longer be obliged to go down
to the cellar every time that the measures arc.empty; in fact the latter
will riot be required, since the liquid will flow from the cask. Somė
mechanism may be.employed to raise the weight P, and work the cocks
A, C, and H, so that there.may be no necessity for descending into the
cellar to raise the weight P, and fill the body of the pump B; the
liquid consumed is replaced by other liquid poured into the last cask of
the series. The cock A, is opened to compress the liquid, so that there
is. no need to open the other casks; and thus the air does not penetrate
into them. Any other compressing machine may be employed to raise
the liquid.
I claim the herein-described cock or tap.
In witness whereof, I, the said Auguste Edouard Loradoux
Bellford, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth
day of April, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
A. E. LORADOUX BELLFORD. (L.S.)