An Improvement in or connected with Explosion Motors.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 7th May, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 27th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 13th Mar., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in or connected with Explosion Motors.
We, COUNT ALBERT DE DION, and GEORGES BOUTON, both of Puteaux (Seine)
in the Republic of France, Builders, do hereby declare the nature of our invention
to be as follows:-
Our invention has for its object to effect the cooling by radiation and the re-use
of the water which has been heated by the cylinder or other parts of an explosion
motor in which water is used for cooling purposes so that the same water can be
used over and over again.
In order to obtain this result we connect the space through which the cooling
water passes with a coil or a set of pipes in contact with the atmosphere and
arranged in such a way that the vapours given off by the heated water by reason of
their contact with the surfaces which they cool are condensed under pressure in the
said coil or pipes and then the water resulting from this condensation returns to
the said space to again cool the surfaces.
The operation under pressure as described is very effective as if this pressure did
not exist the difference of temperature between the surrounding atmosphere (say at
20° C.) and the heated water brought to boiling point would only be 80° C.
Whereas, if a pressure be produced corresponding to a temperature of say 158° C.,
the difference will be 138° C., and therefore a much less cooling surface will be
required than would otherwise be the case.
Dated this 7th day of May 1896
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in or connected with Explosion Motors.
We, COUNT ALBERT DE DION, and GEORGES BOUTON, both of Puteaux (Seine),
in the Republic of France, Builders, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention has for its object to enable the cylinder and other water-jacketed
parts of an explosion motor to be kept cool by means of a much smaller quantity of
water than is generally required for this purpose.
According to our said invention, instead of conducting the water to a cooling
tank in the ordinary way, we arrange that the said water can be heated in the
jacket up to boiling point at a pressure above that of the atmosphere, and we connect
the jacket with a condensing coil or other suitable condensing apparatus kept cool
by contact with the atmosphere, wherein the steam produced can be condensed.
By reason of the steam being produced under pressure, the difference between
its temperature and that of the atmosphere is increased, and therefore the con-
densation is greatly facilitated.

page_text: In order that our said invention may be clearly understood we will proceed to
describe the same more fully with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is
a vertical section of a water jacketed working cylinder, provided with a condensing
apparatus such as referred to, the latter being shown in elevation.
A is the cylinder, and B is the water jacket thereof, the upper portion of which
may form a steam space. C is the condensing apparatus, which comprises a coil or
a set of pipes in contact with the atmosphere, the said pipes communicating at one
end with the upper part or steam space of the jacket, and at the other end with the
lower part or water space thereof. This coil extends above the level of the jacket
and is provided at its upper part with a safety valve D of any suitable pattern, and,
it may be, with a pressure gauge. When the valve D is shut, the coil and the
jacket form a closed circuit extending from the upper part of said jacket to the
lower part thereof.
By means of this arrangement the water becomes heated under pressure in the
jacket when the motor is at work, and the steam produced is caused to condense in
the said coil and the water resulting from this condensation returns to the jacket
where it is again converted into steam.
The proper extent of cooling surface to be given to the coil C will depend on the
difference between the temperature of the said steam and that of the air in contact
with the coil. The greater this difference, the more rapidly will the exchange of
heat take place, and consequently the smaller will be the surface required for
condensation.
Without the use of pressure in the apparatus the difference between the
temperature of the atmosphere (say in warm weather 20° C.) and that of the steam
at the ordinary boiling point, would be only 80° C., whereas if a pressure be produced
sufficient to allow the temperature of the steam to rise to say 158° C., the difference
will be increased to 138 C. and the exchange of heat between such steam and
the atmosphere will be correspondingly accelerated and therefore a condenser with
a much less cooling surface will suffice.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we would state that we
are aware series of tubes sinuously or otherwise arranged have before been
employed for causing the water circulating through the water jacket to be kept
cool by the cooling effect of the atmosphere and to such we make no claim, but
we declare that what we do claim is :-
The method of cooling the cylinder or other heated part of an explosion
motor, wherein the evaporation of the jacket water is effected under pressure, in
order to increase the difference in temperature between the resulting steam and
the atmosphere, substantially as described with reference to the accompanying
drawings and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 27th day of January 1897
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W., Agents for the Applicants.