An Improved Distilling Apparatus.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 27th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 24th Oct., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by CHARLES DICKER, of Brussels, in the Kingdom
of Brussels, Chemist.]
An Improved Distilling Apparatus.
J, SAMUEL SIDNEY BRONHEAD of 97 Newgate Street, London, Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:―
This invention consists of an improved distilling apparatus with the usual conical
cooling hood and trickling channel cooled from the outside, characterised by the
novel feature that a special cooling passage surrounds the said trickling channel
and is partitioned off from the cooling chamber of the hood so that the cooling
fluid first circulates around the said trickling channel before entering the cooling
chamber of the hood.
'
In the cooling apparatus hitherto used a trickling channel cooled only from the
outside is employed at the base of the conical cooling hood. The cooling of the
distillate was therefore very imperfect, as the flow of fresh cooling water hardly
came into contact with the trickling channel at all.
In the present apparatus the cold water employed for cooling enters from below,
being regulated by the usual tap, passes through the special passage adjoining the
trickling channel at the base of the hood so that the cooling agent operates in the
first instance upon the said trickling channel, cooling the distillate, and then passes
upwards to perform its usual service in the cooling chamber of the hood itself,
whence it passes away by the usual outlets to the condensing chamber being
admitted thereto by a pipe conducting into an open funnel attached to another pipe
leading to said condensing chamber and furnished with a tap to regulate the
quantity admitted so as to cause it to correspond with the quantity vapourised by
the apparatus.
Dated this 28th der of Octahan 1005
I, SAMUEL SIDNEY BROMHEAD, of 97 Newgate Street, London, Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The apparatus represented in the accompanying drawing is specially adapted for
use in laboratories, for photographers, pharmacists, druggists, perfume manu-
facturers, liqueur manufacturers, distillers, and in general for the production of
distilled water on a large scale for the manufacture of aerated water.
The great advantages of this apparatus as compared with those heretofore known
lies in this that the construction is extremely simple, does not necessitate any
special knowledge, and the apparatus when once adjusted may be left to itself to
perform its work.

page_text: will now describe my invention with reference to the accompanying a
in which
Figs. 1 and 2 show sectional elevations of two forms of my distilling apparatus.
Figs. 3 and 4 show the respective plan views of Figs. 1 and 2.
Fig. 5 shows a sectional elevation of the upper part of the distilling apparatus
shewn in Figs. 2 and 4 and also exhibits the means whereby the cooling water in
the space runs up the overflow s and into k.
Fig. 6 shows an outside elevation of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 shows a still provided with a modified form of cooling hood or cone.
In order to produce distilled water in the customary manner with the apparatus
the process is as follows:
•
The cooling-water flows through the pipe D into the hollow channel R which is
arranged as closed ring below the cone B which condenses the water vapours, so
that the water of condensation dripping from the cone is collected inside upon the
upper wall R and flows off at the lowest point to the outside through the pipe C,
see Figs. 1 and 3.
At a suitable point the cooling water passes through an aperture r, see Fig. 5,
from the cavity of the cooling channel R into the upper receptacle K, flows upwards
therein and passes to the orifice of the vertical outlet channel s see Fig. 5, which is
arranged in the interior of the receptacle K, and flows off through the cock E, see
Figs. 1 and 3.
The upper receptacle with the cooler is, by means of the flanges I, loose upon
the lower part A of the apparatus, which constitutes the heating vessel proper.
This being so the two flanges I require no screwing and no intermediate
packing.
For conveniently ascertaining at any time the level of the water in the lower
vessel A. I screw a gauge glass L' upon the cock L as shewn thereon (Fig. 1).
When using the distilling apparatus, water is poured into the lower vessel A up
to the desired height in the gauge glass L' or up to the level of the cock L, the
latter of which if used aloue, may remain open.
Into the upper or cooling chamber K, I cause water to flow from the water pipe
through the inlet D, which water passes first into the cooling channel R and then
cools the conical bottom of the said chamber. In P Figs. 1 and 2 is arranged an
overflow pipe.
When the apparatus is placed over fire the vapours generated from the water
in A are condensed against the conical bottom B. The water of condensation is
collected in the channel R and flows off through C.
To enable the same apparatus to be used for automatic distillation, I provide a
funnel E catching the cooling water which has become warm and flows from the
upper part of the cooler through the channels and the cock E, and conducts it to
the vessel A.
By means of the cock E the flow of water may be so regulated that the quantity
of cooling water flowing from E corresponds exactly to the quantity evaporated
in A and which flows from C as water of condensation.
The arrangement of the funnel E¹ is such that the escape of the vapours is
prevented in consequence of the water seal in the bent pipe.
By inserting an appropriate sieve H upon the girders O the apparatus may be
conveniently used for the production of aromatic waters.
For distillation over a water bath 1 employ the special devices shown in
Figs. 2, 4, 5 and 6.
For this purpose I place the water bath G upon the edge of the vessel A. and
pour the alcohol thereon, put a rubber ring between the bent edge of the water
bath and the flanges I and screw the two vessels K and A tightly upon each other,
then open the cock L, and place the apparatus over the fire.
By the water vapours rising from the vessel A the alcohol upon the water bath G
is heated and distilled in the same manner as described for the water.
In order also to automatically distil alcohol I provide in the upper receptacle K

page_text: a feed funnel with a cock F, through which alcohol can be introduced in regulated
quantity upon the water bath G.
If I now also place upon the basin G the sieve H as represented in Fig. 2, any
desired extracts and essences can be prepared by means of alcohol, ether and the
like.
In Fig. 7 I have represented another constructional form of the same apparatus ;
the upper cooling vessel K is reduced to a minimum being formed by a hollow
cone.
The cooling water flows in this case also first into the hollow channel R and
thence rises into the conical intermediate space l, flows out at the highest point P¹
and to a device for regulating the level of the liquid, whence the water flows into
the vessel A.
This somewhat modified apparatus can therefore also be used for automatic
distillation.
An ordinary cock or one to ensure a constant level may be arranged in L in the
same manner as for the other apparatus.
Referring to Fig. 7 Q is a closed chamber (shown in section) in communication
with the water space A into which is conducted an outlet pipe P' which is in
communication with the water space at the top of the distilling apparatus.
A second pipe Q' leads out of the chamber Q and forms an overflow. Any
superfluous water in will therefore be conducted down the outlet P' into chamber Q
and into the water space A, should chamber Q not be too full.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion aud in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The arrangement of an annular hollow dripping channel R for catching and
collecting the water of condensation, into which the cooling-water first flows, before
passing over the conical bottom B which effects the condensation, as herein described
and set forth.
2. In combination with the hollow dripping channel R described in the first
claim the arrangement of au adjustable cock E in the upper vessel K as an outlet
for the cooling-water in combination with a funnel E' for the automatic renewal
of the water of distillation in the lower vessel A, and of a water gauge L' to
enable the operator to distil at a constant level, as herein described and set
forth.
3. In combination with the hollow dripping channel R described in the first
claim the arrangement for distilling alcohol and ether, and for producing extracts,
essences and the like, distinguished by the feature that the upper and lower vessels
are hermetically screwed together so that the vapours of alcohol and of ether rising
from a water bath G inserted between them cannot pass to the outside; in combina-
tion with a feed funnel furnished with a regulating cock F, for automatically
renewing the liquid to be distilled upon the water bath G as herein described and
set forth.
4. In combination with the hollow dripping channel R described in the first
claim, the modification of the constructional form represented in Fig. 7 characterized
by the feature that a cooling chamber is formed above the condensing bottom B
by means of a second cone B', from which the now warm cooling-water flows off at
the highest point in order to flow over a device Q regulating the level, into the
lower vessel A for automatically renewing the distilling water, as herein described
and set forth.
Dated this 27th day of August 1896
S. S. BROMHEAD,
97, Newgate Street, London, Patent Agent.