IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF PUMPS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frank Sizer Barker, of Haverstock Hill, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF PUMPS."-A communication from abroad by Thomas Rider,
residing at the Port of Valparaiso, in the Republic of Chili.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frank Sizer Barker.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 30th April 1864.
I, FRANK SIZER BARKER, of Haverstock Hill, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF PUMPS," a communication to me from abroad by Thomas
Rider, resident at the Port of Valparaiso, in the Republic of Chili, to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of pumps
whereby a greater efficiency of operation is acquired, and-foreign substances
are, prevented from. passing through the valves. The pump is constructed on
a frame of wood: or iron, the cylinder being placed horizontally. The piston
is formed of two metallic cones, the small end of one of which is introduced

page_text: into the similar end of the other with sufficient end play to allow of tightening
up the packing when necessary; this is effected by means of a bolt and
nut at one end of the piston. The back cover of the pump is made so as to
open easily with a view to said arrangement. A gland is fixed at the front to
tighten the packing round the piston rod. The pipe for the admission or
inlet of the water is situated vertically below the cylinder, with a valve on its
upper end, and is enclosed in a receptacle for the foreign matters which may
enter with the water, and which naturally tend to precipitate there, an opening is
made at the bottom of the receptacle to discharge the matters when necessary.
This aperture is closed by a screw tap made of the same diameter. Above
the cylinder is a spherical air chamber designed to equalise the discharge of
the water, and relieve the action of the pump. In the pipe leading to the air
chamber orifices are made for discharging the water vertically or horizontally
at discretion. The piston may be worked by a vertical hand lever, or by a
crank by steam power, either of which operate a horizontal connecting rod,
working through pillar, the lever being slotted to allow of its play, the fulcrum
of the lever being below the frame, the whole being bolted down by bolts and
screws. The pump has four valves of a circular form, their edges being
bevelled to form seats for the reception of spherical globes or non-return valves,
which may be made of india-rubber, metal, or other suitable substance..:
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frank Sizer Barker in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 29th October 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS. SHALL COME, I, FRANK
SIZER BARKER, of Haverstock Hill, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in 'the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Frank Sizer Barker, Her special licence that-I; the said
Frank Sizer Barker, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Frank Sizer Barker, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter' during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully,
might make, use; exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great

page_text: Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PUMPS," a communication to me from
abroad by Thomas Rider, resident at the Port of Valparaiso, in the Republic
of Chili, upon, the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frank
Sizer Barker, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months' next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frank Sizer Barker, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same. is
to be performed, to be particularly described, and ascertained in and by the
following statement::
1.
It is well known that in pumps, as: ordinarily. constructed, the suction or
seat valve is situated on the base of the column of the water introduced into
the pump, and is otherwise in a confined chamber, any impurities passing
above the said valve having no escape; in consequence of which, when that
occurs, to which it is always liable, the valve has to be disconnected, which is
a matter of work and time. To obviate this in my pump, the said valve is
situated on the top of a vertical tube, introduced into what I call a mud box
or receptacle for the deposit of foreign matters, the specific gravity of which
may be greater than that of water, which may accidently be introduced with
it, affording in any case an escape, and obviation of the lodgment (in such
wise as to interrupt.the action of the valve,) of any matters which may pass
with it, and for the event of the accumulation of any such matters until they
rise to a level with the said valve, a ready means is provided for their exit by
the use of a thumbscrew situated near the bottom of the said receptacle,
which, when opened, will allow of their immediate escape without disturbing
the valve or interrupting the action of the pump. Though a clack valve is
shewn in the Drawing, any kind of valve is applicable. Double-action pumps
as a rule have generally five valves, the next two of which in order are also
suction valves; as ordinarily placed these valves are notably difficult of
access. In my pump I have obviated this by providing a simple and easy
mode of access. 1st, in the general design of the pump admitting of those
valves being placed in a favorable position for that purpose; and, 2ndly, in the
arrangement of a moveable cover secured by a hinged bolt or bolts, which can
be thrown in or, out of position in a few moments. This arrangement allows

page_text: of a ready and safe access to those valves, by any indifferent person not
acquainted with mechanics, for the purpose of freeing them from aný
impediment to their action which might reach, at the same time that, from
their character, being ball valves, and from their relative position in reference
to the lower or seat valve; being situated above and almost directly over that
valve, access is also afforded to it, by which it too may be freed from fouling,
which might occur from the introduction of any fibrous substance- and its
entanglement in that valve. 3rdly, as pumps are usually constructed, in the
event of the packing of the piston requiring to be tightened, considerable
delay is occasioned in disconnecting the covers. By my design this can be
effected in a few moments, without taking out the piston, by simply throwing
the piston back, taking off the back cover, which is likewise secured by hinged
bolts, and giving the nut on the end of the piston a slight turn, by which the
packing contained between two introverted cones is tightened. 4thly, the
delivery valves are placed in a similar relative position as the suction valves
on the opposite side of the pump, and are equally easy of access by the same
means without interfering with the delivery or rising main. The delivery
can be connected either at the top or side of the air chamber as most con-
venient without interfering with the valves.
By reference, to the Drawings it will be seen that the pump is always
three parts full of water, in connection with that contained in the mud box,
by which the necessity for charging, and consequent interruption of its working
is avoided.
The principles and plans adopted and involved in the construction of a
pump of this design are not confined to a horizontal one, as they are equally
applicable to a vertical one, the right to which is claimed under this Patent.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
.
Sheet No. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of pump. A, frame of wood
to which, the pump is attached. B, the. pump handle. C, the lever. D,
¡ elongated aperture in the lever, in, which, is placed a steel ring, through. which.
passes a bolt and nut; this arrangement allows: of the change of position of
the lever, while,communicating the motive power to the action in a right line.
E, fixed fulcrum of the lever. F, iron frame with vertical opening, in part of
which to attach the end of the lever, and the remainder to allow of its play.
G, pillar, in the. upper end of which to secure the necessary rectilinear
direction to the guide rod in communicating the power to the piston rod.
H, the piston, formed of two metallic cones, the small end of one of which is

page_text: introduced into the 'similar end of the other, with sufficient end play to allow
of tightening up the packing when necessary; this is effected by means of a
bolt and nut' at one end of the piston. I, back cover of the pump, made so as
to open easily with a view to said arrangement. J, the cylinder of the pump.
K, front cover of the pump. L, gland to tighten the packing round the
piston rod. M; pipe: for the admission of the water, with a valve on its
upper end. N, receptacle for foreign matters which may enter into the water,
and which naturally tend to precipitate there. O, opening by means of which
to discharge said receptacle when necessary; this. aperture is closed by
means of a screw tap, which is made of the same diameter. P, spherical air
chamber designed to equalize the discharge of the water, and relieve the
action of the pump. Q, Q, points at which the water is discharged vertically
or horizontally at discretion; R, R, bolts and nuts, by means of which to
secure the various parts of the pump in their places. S, S, moveable hinged
bolts, these bolts are provided with winged nuts, which make them easy to
handle.
Sheet 2, Fig. 1, horizontal section of the pump; Fig. 2, longitudinal
vertical section of the receptacle for foreign matters, shewing the relative
situation of the suction valves on the upper part; Fig. 3, lateral vertical
section of the delivery valves situated on the opposite side of the pump;
Fig. 4, transverse vertical section of the pump shewing the cylinder with a
suction and a delivery valve and part of the spherical air chamber; Fig. 5,
transverse vertical section of the receive pipe with its valve and receptacle for
foreign matters; Fig. 6 transverse section of the cylinder shewing the
passages for the water; Fig. 7, design shewing the anterior and posterior
covers of the pump; Fig. 8, exterior lateral design of the junction of the
piston rod with the guide rod; Figs 9, 10, and 11, three views of the iron frame
to secure and allow of the movement of the lever; Fig. 12, section of the
pillar with its opening to guide and secure the rectilinear direction of the
guide rod; Fig. 13, A, and at B, C, D, bar to secure the upper covers of
the pump in their places, and designed with a view to facilitate access to the
valves.
I claim, 1st, the arrangement of the mud box as described.
2ndly, the method of facilitating the access to the suction valves, provided
for by the covers, and other parts of the arrangement for that purpose, as
described.
3rdly, the method of facilitating the access to the interior of the cylinder
and to the piston.

page_text: 4thly, the method of facilitating the access to the delivery valves, all
substantially as specified and illustrated hereby..
In witness whereof, I, the said Frank Sizer Barker, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four..
Witness,
ALEX. PRINCE,
Office for Patents,
4, Trafalgar Square,.
Charing Cross.
FRANK S. BARKER. (L.S.)