CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMSON
WOLLER, of Bradford, in the County of York, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster on or about the Third day of May
now last past, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Samson Woller, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial licence,
that I, the said Samson Woller, my exors, adññors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Samson Woller, my exors, admors, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WEAVING;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said Sam-
son Woller, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to
describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be enrolled in Her
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
said Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at-large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Samson Woller, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in

page_text: what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, and the Drawings therein
referred to (that is to say):-
My Invention relates to certain improved arrangements for weaving fabrics
with detached figures upon plain or figured grounds, and consists of certain
new motions and of certain combinations of existing motions for that purpose.
Also my Invention relates to certain improved arrangements for raising and
lowering drop boxes, and for other parts of the loom, herein-after particularly
described.
And in further compliance with the said proviso, I shall now proceed to
describe the manner in which the said Invention may be performed and carried
into effect, reference being had to the four Sheets of Drawings hereunto annexed.
These Drawings are made to the scales marked on them, and similar letters and
figures of reference are placed upon corresponding parts in the different views.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
In Sheet 1, Fig. 1 represents the front elevation of a loom for weaving
figured fabrics, having some of my improvements applied thereto; Fig. 2 is is
an end elevation of the same; and Fig. 2* is a detached view of certain
mechanism for altering the position of the swivels or small shuttles which
contain the weft for producing the figures..
In Sheet 2, Fig. 3 represents another elevation of the same loom, taken from
the back; Fig. 4 is another elevation, taken from the driving end of the loom.
In Sheet 3, Fig. 5 is a plan view of the loom, shown in Sheets 1 and 2,
and Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of the same; Fig. 7 is a front clevation, on
an enlarged scale, of the apparatus for driving the small shuttles; Fig. 8 is a
section of some of the pieces shown in Fig. 7, and of the shuttle race and side
view of part of the pieces for raising and lowering the small shuttles; Fig. 9 is
a plan view of part of the pieces shown in Fig. 7; and Fig. 10 is a section
through the line A, B, on Figure 7.
In Sheet 4, Fig. 11 is an elevation of a loom taken from the back, having
other parts of my improvements applied thereto; Fig. 12 is an end elevation
of the same; Fig. 13 is a plan view of part of the loom shown in Fig. 11;
Fig. 14 is a transverse section of the drop shuttle box when in its lower
position; Fig. 15 is a front clevation of Fig. 14, and of part of the slay or
batten; Fig. 16 is a section, on an enlarged scale, of part of the mechanism
for raising and lowering the drop box, and for working the jacquard cylinder
backward and forward; and Fig. 17 is a front view of the cam, forming part
of the mechanism shown in Fig. 16.

page_text: On referring to the Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, it will be seen that my im-
proved loom for weaving figured fabrics is very similar in its general arrangement
to looms previously known and in use for that purpose, and my improvements
may in most cases be easily applied to looms of the ordinary construction.
In the above mentioned Figures, a represents the crank shaft; a' the crank
arms; and b, the sword of the slay or batten; c is the tappet shaft which gives
motion to the picking sticks d, (see Fig. 2,) in the usual way. So long as
the loom is weaving the ground of the fabric, the tappets c' and c² act alter-
nately on the picking sticks in the usual manner; but when the Figures are
being woven by the small shuttles e, e, e, see Fig. 1, shewn on an enlarged
scale in Figs. 7 and 8, the extra tappet c', seen in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 5, is brought
into operation at every alternate revolution of the crank shaft, as will be more
fully explained hereafter. d' is the picking shaft; d³ and d³, the picking levers;
f, the warp beam; and 9, the cloth roller; h represents the jacquard engine;
i, the harness of the loom; and k, the cast-iron hand rail or reed cap bolted to
the swords b. The parts above enumerated are all similar to those in ordinary
use, and the necessary motion is given to the various parts by a driving strap
acting on the fast pulley a², fixed on the crank shaft a. The shuttle for
weaving the ground of the fabric moves along the shuttle race l, fixed on the
lay bottom l, seen best in Fig. 8, in the usual manner; but the small shuttles
for producing the figures are supported by a wrought-iron frame m, as shown
in the Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10 of Sheet 3. To the lower edge of the frame m
are rivetted the brass pieces m' and m³, which together form the races for the
small shuttles, the latter being provided with a grooved recess; and between
the two pieces m³ and m³, the shuttles e are supported and have sufficient
room to move laterally. This method of supporting the small shuttles is also
common to other looms, but the method of driving them is new, and will be
explained hereafter. To the frame m are fixed the two brackets m³, seen
best in Figs. 1, 2, and 8, and to the lower extremity of these brackets are
fixed studs, on which the antifriction rollers m' revolve; these rollers bear
upon the cross rail n, to which an upward motion is given for the purpose
of raising the small shuttles e beyond the shed of the warps, or into the
position represented in Figs. 1, 2, and 6, or a downward motion for
bringing the small shuttles into the shed, as shown in Fig. 8. At each
end of the cross rail n is bolted a rod n', which projects downwards, and is
guided by the pieces 6', which project from the slay swords b. Near the
centre of the cross rail n is also fixed the rod n³, seen best in Figs. 1 and 6,
which is hinged below to the lever n³, and the fulcrum of this lever is a stud.

page_text: passing through the bracket n. The cross rail n and small shuttles e are
raised and lowered by the cam o on the tappet shaft c, seen best in Figures 3
and 6. The cam o acts upon an antifriction bowl p, revolving on a pin passing
through the lever p', which is fast on the shaft på, see Figs. 5 and 6; and to
the same shaft p² is also fixed the lever 2³, to the extremity of which is hinged
the link p, attached below to the lever n³, above mentioned. As long as the
antifriction bowl pis depressed by being acted upon by the largest diameter
of the cam'o, or by the circumference of the disc o', which is attached to the
cam o, as seen best in Figure 3, the cross rail » remains elevated, and the
small shuttles are held beyond the shed of the warps; but when the open
portion of the camo allows the antifriction bowl p to rise, the small shuttles
drop into the position shown in Figure 8, and remain there until the small
shuttles have been thrown across the sheds formed by the jacquard engine for
producing the figure. The set collars n³, shown in Figs. 1 and 6, and fixed to
the rods n', are for the purpose of limiting the amount of rise and fall given
to the cross rail n and small shuttles e. The tappet shaft c performs only half
as many revolutions as the crank shaft a, being driven in the usual manner by
the pinion as and wheel c', on which only part of the teeth are shewn; and the
small shaft q performs in like manner only half as many revolutions as the
tappet shaft c, being driven by the pinion c on the shaft c and the wheel q³ on
the shaft q, as seen in Figs. 1, 3, and 5, and by the red circles in Fig. 6.
The small shaft q has two cams fixed upon it, forming part of the apparatus
for giving motion to the small shuttles, which I will now proceed to describe.
The cams o³ act upon the levers q', which vibrate upon the studs q, and to the
other extremity of them are attached the wires 9, which are carried upwards
and connected above to the forks 2%, seen best in Figs. 1, 7, and 8. These
forks slide in holes made to receive them in the slay bottom and shuttle
race l, and after being pulled downwards by the action of the cams q, they
are elevated again by the small springs 97, which are attached below to the
forks and above to the stay bottom. By this means an up-and-down motion
is given to the forks q, for every four revolutions of the crank shaft a. The
necessity of this will be explained presently, but it is essential to remark that
the distance between the prongs of the forks must correspond to the distance
between the lines running lengthways of the fabric in which the figures are
woven, as indicated by the small red circles in Figs. 1 and 5. The small
shuttles e are moved from one of the small shuttle races formed by the piece:
m² and m³, to the other by the sliding tube r, seen in Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
and 10, and this tube has, when six small shuttles are used, seven projections
r', which come in contact with the small shuttles, consequently when any

page_text: motion is imparted to the tube r it is communicated to them. In the interior
of the hollow tube is a spring, represented as being made of coiled steel
wire, but it may also be made of any other suitable clastic material; and this
spring has attached to it at each end one of the spindles and r, the
outer extremity of which are fixed to short straps passing partly round the
pulleys 15. The pulleys are made of the same piece as the smaller
pulleys, and they revolvo upon short shafts supported in brackets fixed near
each extremity of the frame m. To the small pulleys 18, are fixed the straps
r, seen best in Fig. 5, the object of which is to draw the spindles and 1º¹
asunder after each movement of the small shuttles. The straps are attached
to the cross framing of the loom, and the red lines in Fig. 5 show their posi-
tion when the slay or batten is near the harness of the loom, or when the shed
is open, and the black lines show the position of the straps while the reed is
striking home the weft. The spindles and are guided by the little
brackets, and they pass through holes in the feeling pins, seen best in
Fig. 10, which retain the spindles at their proper distance apart, and keep
the spring at the requisite degree of tension by the following contrivance :-
Each of the spindles 3 and 7 has a conical projection or catch on it, seen best
in Fig. 7, and these projections are drawn by the action of the spring in
contact with the upper edge of the holes in the feeling pins ; these pins
slide up and down in brackets fixed to the frame m, and they are pressed
down by the small coiled springs fitting between a shoulder of the pins and the
upper portion of the bracket in which they slide. The lower extremity of the
pins projects considerably below the bracket in which it slides, and comes in
contact with the forks q before mentioned, when the small shuttles and their
adjuncts are lowered for the purpose of weaving the figures; and as it has
before been explained that the upper portion of the conical catch on the
spindles and is held in contact with the upper edge of the holes in the
feeling pins, it is evident that when either of the said pins comes against
the end of the forks q, the pins will be raised, and the spindle previously
held by it will be liberated. The pin shown in Fig. 7, across the feeling pin
7 is to prevent the feeling pin from rising too high when struck up by
the fork . Thus, for instance, if the small shuttles are in the positions
shown in Figs. 1 and 7, and it should be necessary to move them in the
direction of the arrow in Fig. 7, the fork at the left-hand side of the loom,
looking at Fig. 1, must be raised, and the fork at the right hand must be
lowered when the small shuttles and their adjuncts are depressed; by this
means one of the feeling pins comes against the upper end of the fork go,
thereby liberating the spindler, and the other feeling pin, by not meeting with

page_text: any resistance from the fork at the right-hand side of the loom, retains its hold
on the spindler, and causes the spring to move the spindle 7³, and with it the
tube, as much as is necessary for changing the position of the small shuttles,
the conical catch on the spindle acting on the brass end of the tuber. In
like manner, when the small shuttles have to be moved from the right hand to
the left, the spindle is liberated, and the spindle is retained by the feeling
pin 7, both the spindles being drawn back by the advance of the slay or batten
in the manner already described.
On referring to the Fig. 9 of Sheet 3, it will be seen that part of the frame m
is cut away to make room for the upright pins k, which are rivetted to the hand
top k, and serve as guards to prevent the frame from being injured by the pull
on the straps, when acting on the little pulleys, for the purpose of drawing
the spindles and 7 asunder, and hooking the conical catches on the said
spindles against the upper edge of the holes in the feeling pins 70. The longer
pins, seen best in Figs. 1, 7, and 8, are also fixed to the hand top, and serve
as guides to the frame m, into which slots are made for the pins / to pass
through. The tuber is retained in its proper position by the brackets m³, seen
best in Figs. 7 and 10; they are fixed to the frame m, and are provided with
set screws, the ends which take into slots in the tube r, and into corresponding
slots on the other side of the said tube; the studs me, see Fig. 10, enter
thereby, keeping the tube in its proper position with regard to the slay, but
allowing it to be moved laterally as much as is necessary for moving the small
shuttles. To the upper surface of the tuber is attached a small projection
11, see Fig. 1; and to the frame m are attached the projections m' and m³,
between each pair of projections m² and m³ is a wire which. reaches through
them, and projects a short distance through m²; the portion of wire between the
projections is surrounded by a coiled spring, which abuts against the projections
m³, and pushes against a shoulder on the wire, thereby acting against the pro-
jection, and forcing back the tuber for a short distance, whenever it has
been in operation for moving the small shuttles from one shuttle race to the other.
The object of this is to keep the projections always in contact with the small
shuttles. The mechanism for putting the various parts into operation for driving
the small shuttles, is seen best in Figs. 3, 4, and 5. To the centre of the cross
frame which unites the two side frames is fixed a stud s, having a collar s upon
it; near the extremity of this stud is supported the double elbow lever s. To
this double elbow lever are hinged the click levers s³ and s, both of which are
provided with catches, which alternately take into the V-shaped recess in the
collars. The double elbow lever has a stud s rivitted into it near each
extremity of its horizontal arms; and the levers 3 and s have recesses in their

page_text: upper surface which catch hold of the studs s, as clearly shown in Fig. 8. To
the lower limb of the doublo elbow lever s is hinged the horizontal rod so,
which is bolted to the sliding bar t; this bar is for the double purpose of
moving the picking lever d from the tappet c' to the tappet c³, and for
bringing the cam o into its proper position over the antifriction bowl p, when
the small shuttles are required for producing the figures. The sliding bar t is
provided with a hole, into which enters the upper portion of the lever t'; the
lower arm of this lever is hinged to the rod t, which has a fork at the other
The
extremity, taking into a grooved recess turned in the boss of the cam o.
cam o and disc o' are loose on the shaft c, but revolve with it, and they admit
of being moved laterally by the action of the forked rod t above described.
The cam o and disc o' slide upon the key o³, which is not let into the shaft
c, but is fixed at each end to the set washers of, and the position of this key
can therefore be regulated on the shaft so as to suit the requisite position
of the cam o, without cutting a fresh keyway into the said canı.
object of the small cam of will be explained with reference to the loom
drawn on Sheet 4 of the Drawings hereto annexed. The jacquard engine
shown in Sheets 1 and 2 of the Drawings is similar to those in ordinary use,
and it is driven in the same way by a crank pin from the fly wheel a'. The
two edging hooks h' and h³, which act upon the wires 83 and so, which pass
through studs projecting from the click levers s³ and s', are for the purpose of
setting the necessary mechanism into operation when the small shuttles are
brought into and out of action.
The
Having now enumerated the principal parts forming my improved loom for
weaving detached figures on fabrics, I will describe how they act when the loom
is at work-In Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6, the various parts are shown in their
proper relative positions for weaving the ground of the fabric, the small
shuttles and all the other parts in connexion therewith being elevated beyond
the warp threads of the open shed by the disc o', acting upon the antifriction
bowl p, at the end of the lever p', as before described. The loom is supposed
to be at work weaving the ground of the fabric. As soon, however, as the
small shuttles e are required to be brought into action, the edging hook h*
being acted upon by the pattern card, will elevate the levers from the slanting
position it is now shown in in Figure 3 to a horizontal position. The first
portion of the rise of the wires will disengage the click levers from the
V-shaped recess in the collar s¹ of the stud s, and bring the recess of the same
lever against the studs & of the double elbow lever s³. The latter portion of
the rise of the said wire will therefore act upon the double elbow lever s³, and
cause the lower limb thereof to move the rod s in the direction of the arrow,

page_text: and as the rod s is fixed to the sliding bar t, it is evident that the motion
given to the rod s not only moves the picking lever from opposite the
tappet c', but that it slides the camo over the antifriction bowl p, by the
agency of the lever t¹ and forked rod t³, before mentioned. By this means
the picking lever d is brought opposite the extra tappet c³; and when the open
part of the camo allows the antifriction bowl p to rise, the small shuttles
descend into the position shown in Fig. 8, and are ready to be thrown through
the small sheds opened by the jacquard engine to suit the pattern required.
When the small shuttles have been acted upon in the direction of the arrow in
Fig. 1, they are again elevated by the action of the camo on the antifriction
bowl p, and the shed is again opened for the passage of the large shuttle, which
is thrown across from the left-hand to the right by the tappet c³ acting on the
picking lever ; the small shuttles are then lowered and moved in. the con-
trary direction to the arrow in Figure 1, and again elevated to be out of the
way of the large shuttle, which has now to be driven from the right-hand
shuttle box to the left side of the loom. The operations are repeated until the
whole figure is complete; and it is necessary to remark that the projections on
the tappets c³ and care placed in the same line one with the other on the
opposite sides of the loom, consequently when the extra tappet is acting on the
shuttle, the picking stick near the lever d³ is also acted upon by the tappet c³,
without however affecting the shuttle which was at that moment being acted
upon by the picker near the lever d². The levers &³, s, and s, which actuate
the rods, are peculiarly applicable for the work they have to do, for by
elevating the lever 8', the click is first liberated from the notch in the collar s³,
and as the lever continues to rise it elevates the right-hand arm of the double
elbow lever s², and consequently depresses the other one, thereby bringing the
click of the lever into the V-shaped recess of the collar s¹, and locking the
system of levers and rods fast until the next elevation of the wire s³ causes the
various parts in connexion therewith to assume the reverse position. On
referring to Fig. 5, it will be seen that the detached figures u, u, are the last
that have been 'woven on the fabric, and in order to weave the next row of
figures in the same line as those marked v, v, it will be necessary to move the
shuttle frame m, with the small shuttles e, as much to the left hand of the
loom as the distance between the centres of the rows of figures u and v; this
may be done by the attendant, who by drawing the bent lever x, hinged on the
top of the frame m towards him, would liberate the recess in the said lever
from the guide pink, and then push the frame m the requisite distance in the
direction of the arrow in Fig. 1, or until the second recess in the bent lever
would catch the pin . The spring a¹, acting against a projection from the

page_text: lever, holds the recess in the same lever against the pin , and retains it
there until the figures are woven. This operation may also be performed
by the jacquard engine acting upon the mechanism shown in Figure 2* of
Sheet 1, in which view is the hand rail, and m the shuttle frame; w is a
stud fixed in a bracket bolted to the hand rail k; upon the stud w is mounted
a pinion w', which takes into a rack me, fixed to the frame m; w³, is a grooved
pulley fast to the pinion w³, and also loose on the stud w; the cords w³ and w
are connected above to edging hooks of the jacquard engine, and fastened
below to the pulley w³, consequently when the cord w is elevated by the
jacquard engine, the pinion w¹ will be made to revolve through a portion of a
revolution, and move the frame m the requisite distance in the direction of the
arrow. In either case, whether the frame m be moved by the attendant or by
the mechanism shown in Figure 2*, the feeling pins will be brought into the
requisite position over the other prongs of the forks q, seen in Fig. 1.
I will now proceed to describe my improvements relating to the method of
changing the position of the drop box when two shuttles are required for pro-
ducing the fabric; these improvements are shown in the various Figures on
Sheet 4. In Figures 11 and 12, a is the crank shaft; a', the crank arms; b,
the slay swords; and c the tappet shaft, as before described in referring to the
Sheets 1, 2, and 3; 1 is the lay bottom, and I, the shuttle box for containing the
drop box y, which slides up and down in grooves in the usual manner, as scen
in Fig. 18. Upon the tappet shaft c are fixed the set washer c and c', seen
best in Figure 16; the pinion c³, which fits loosely on the shaft c, is placed
between the two set washers. The cam c, similar to the one marked o³ in
Figure 3, fits loosely on the boss of the pinion c³, but it is prevented from
coming off by the pin c, which enters into a grooved recess turned on
the boss of the pinion, and shewn in Fig. 13. A pin c is fixed into
the set washer c, and enters into a hole in the cam c, and another pin c¹²,
fixed into the pinion c³, fits into a hole in the set washer c'. The pinion c³
gears into the wheel z, seen in Fig. 13, revolving on a stud fixed to the
loom side; to the wheel is fixed a pin 2, which acts on the lever, and
the antifriction bowl 2, revolving on a stud also fixed in the wheel z, acts on
the lever, seen in Figs. 12 and 13. Both the levers and are hinged on
a stud fixed to the loom side. The lever is connected by the wire 2" to one
arm of the elbow lever 2, the other arm being connected to the trigger 2' by the
rod, and the lever is connected to the double lever by the wire 210, from
which descends another wire 2", united below to the hook 1. This hook is
secured by means of two set nuts to the rod y', which is fixed to the under side

page_text: of the drop box y, and is guided below by the bracket ³, fixed to the slay
sword b, as seen in Figure 11. From this combination of levers and connect-
ing rods or wires, it will be seen that when the antifriction bowl has
depressed the lever, the double lever will have elevated the drop box y into
the position now represented in Figure 11, and the trigger will be drawn by
the spring into the requisite position under the latch y for supporting the
drop box y, as shewn by the dotted lines in Figure 11. At the next revolution
of the wheel z, the pin z', by coming in contact with the lever, depresses it,
and by pulling down the horizontal arm of the elbow lever, causes the rods,
which passes through the trigger z', to push the said trigger from under the
latchy, thereby allowing the drop box y to descend by its own gravity into the
position shewn in Figures 14 and 15, where it remains until again elevated by
the lever *, as before described. When the pinion is in the position repre-
sented in Figures 11, 18, and 16, the pin c" is in the hole made to receive it
in the set washer c', and as this washer is fast on the shaft c, it is evident that
the pinion will be carried round with the shaft, and consequently give motion to
the wheel and its adjuncts; but when the pinion c³ has been moved so far in
the direction of the arrow on Figure 16 as to draw the pin c out of the
washer c', then the pinion remains stationary and the shaft c revolves loose
within it. The requisite amount of lateral motion is given to the pinion c by
the lever, which vibrates upon a stud fixed to the loom side, as seen in
Figure 11; and this lever is brought into operation by the edging hooks h¹
and acting upon the wires 58 and sº, as before described in reference to
Figures 3 and 4, and clearly shown in Figure 11. The apparatus for drawing
the picker beyond the reach of the drop box, and for retaining it there, is
clearly shewn in the Figures 11, 12, and 13. In theso views, d is the picking
stick; d, the picker; and d, a strap, which unites them in the ordinary manner.
To the shuttle box is fixed a bracket , into which is bolted a stud, on this
stud the light double flanged pulley 'revolves freely. There are seven or any
convenient number of antifriction rollers mounted upon pins between the flanges
of the pulley ', and a band ", of vulcanized india-rubber or any other suitable
elastic material, is made fast at one end to the picker d, and carried round
the antifriction bowls before mentioned, and made fast to a stud P, fixed to
the lay bottom seen in Figure 13. By this means it will be evident that
after every pick given by the picking stick d, the elastic band will draw
the picker back into the position shown in Figures 11 and 13, and retain
it there during the changing of the position of the drop box y. My improved
mechanism for moving the jacquard cylinder backward and forward during

page_text: the time that the loom is weaving the ground of the fabric, for the purpose
of reducing the number of pattern cards, is represented in Figures 11
and 12, and consists of the following parts:-The catch h³ is similar to
those in general use for giving the regular progressing rotary motion to the
jacquard cylinder h', which is suspended between the levers h³, and moved
to and from the jacquard engine by the usual system of levers, seen in
Figure 12. The catch he is situated below the catch h³, and vibrates upon the
same stud as the click h'; to the short arm of the catch he is suspended a wire
h³, attached below to the lever h³, from which another wire his suspended,
which is secured below to the lever h", as shewn in Figure 11. The lever h"
vibrates upon a stud h¹², fixed to any suitable part of the framing of the loom,
and the shorter arm of the lever h" is acted upon by the cam co, placed on the
boss of the pinion c³, before referred to. This cam is similar to the one
marked o² in Figure 8, and when it is brought under the bent end of the
lever h", communicates motion to the catch ho, at every revolution of the tappel
shaft c, by the levers and wires before enumerated. The cam cº, as shewn in
Figure 11, is not supposed to be acting on the lever h", because the pinion c³
is in gear with the apparatus for raising and lowering the drop box y; but as
soon as the lever 21 has moved the pinion in the direction of the arrow in
Figure 16, the cam will elevate the short arm of the lever ", and depress
the longer one, by this means the short arm of the catch he will be depressed,
and the longer one elevated. During the rising up of the catch °, the catch
h³ will also be elevated by the agency of the small rod h¹³, which slides freely
in a bracket attached to the framing of the jacquard engine, and has a small
head at the top to prevent it dropping through the holes in the before-
mentioned bracket. When the catches he and h³ have been elevated, it is
evident that the next motion of the jacquard cylinder in the direction of the
arrow in Figure 12 will bring the lower pin of the lantern in contact with the
catch h, and move the cylinder through the fourth of a revolution in the
contrary direction to that in which it usually revolves. The cam c' holds the
lever h" and catch he sufficiently long in the required position for ensuring the
moving of the jacquard cylinder in the reverse direction; but as soon as the
catch he has performed its office, the cam callows the bent end of the lever
h" to drop, and at the same time the catch h³ resumes its original position, and
is then ready to give the jacquard cylinder the proper motion in the regularly
advancing direction at the next outward move of the jacquard cylinder. By
these alternate backward and forward moves of the cylinder it is evident that
only two pattern cards are necessary for weaving the space between the
figures, thus effecting a considerable saving in the number of pattern cards

page_text: required, and the same system of backward and forward movement may
be adopted in weaving fabrics requiring more than two changes. The
lever is for the purpose of making the jacquard cylinder complete the
fourth of a revolution at each to-and-fro motion of the said cylinder.
I wish to remark that the improved apparatus for reducing the number
of pattern cards, and the machinery for changing the position of the drop
box, and the apparatus for drawing the picker beyond the reach of the drop
box, may all be applied separately or collectively to the loom for weaving
figured fabrics represented in the three first Sheets of the Drawings, and the
apparatus for changing the position of the drop box may be applied to cach
side of the loom; but these variations in the modes of working my Invention
will readily suggest themselves to persons conversant with this class of
machinery.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as of my Invention, and as
an improvement in looms,-
First, the changing the picking motion in the manner herein-before
described.
Secondly, I claim the imparting the traversing motion to the sinall shuttles
in the manner herein-before described.
Thirdly, I claim the raising and lowering the shuttle frame in the manner
herein-before described.
Fourthly, I claim a loom constructed and arranged as herein-before de-
scribed, and represented in Sheets 1, 2, and 3, for weaving fabrics with figures
produced by a separate weft thread, which is not required to traverse beyond
the width of the figure.
Fifthly, I claim the raising and lowering a drop box in the manner herein-
before described, and represented in Sheet 4 of the Drawings.
Sixthly, I claim the improved method of retaining the picker near the
extremity of the shuttle box, as herein-before described with reference to
Figures 11, 12, and 13 of Sheet 4.
And, seventhly, I claim the giving alternate backward and forward motions
to the jacquard cylinder of the jacquard engine, as above described.
And this my Invention being to the best of my knowledge and belief
entirely new, and never before used within that part of Her said Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her Domi-
nion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I do hereby declare this to
be my Specification of the same, and that I do verily believe this my said
Specification doth comply in all respects fully and without reserve or disguise

page_text: with the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent
contained; wherefore, I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and
privilege to the said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samson Woller, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this 1 November day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the First day of November, in the
year of our Lord 1849, the aforesaid Samson Woller came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the First day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-nine.