CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF PAPER OR CARDBOARD, SUCH PAPER OR CARDBOARD BEING USED FOR CARDS, WRAPPERS, OR BOXES FOR EXHIBITING AND HOLDING SMALL ARTICLES USUALLY SOLD ON CARDS OR IN BOXES, AS ALSO IN THE FORM OF SUCH BOXES AND WRAPPERS, AND THE MANNER OF ATTACHING SPECIMENS OF CONTENTS THERETO
Year: 1860

page_text: Aston, near Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, for the Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF PAPER OR CARDBOARD,
SUCH PAPER OR CARDBOARD BEING USED FOR CARDS, WRAPPERS, OR BOXES FOR
EXHIBITING AND HOLDING SMALL ARTICLES USUALLY SOLD ON CARDS OR IN
BOXES, AS ALSO IN THE FORM OF SUCH BOXES AND WRAPPERS, AND THE MANNER
OF ATTACHING SPECIMENS OF CONTENTS THERETO."
Sealed the 1st June 1860, and dated the 23rd March 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Vigurs at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd March
1860.
I, HENRY VIGURS, Accountant Clerk, of Roundhills, Aston, near Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF PAPER OR CARDBOARD, SUCH
PAPER OR CARDBOARD BEING USED FOR CARDS, WRAPPERS, OR BOXES FOR EXHIBITING
AND HOLDING SMALL ARTICLES USUALLY SOLD ON CARDS OR IN BOXES, AS ALSO IN THE
FORM OF SUCH BOXES AND WRAPPERS, AND THE MANNER OF ATTACHING SPECIMENS OF
CONTENTS THERETO," to be as follows (that is to say):-
It is a common practice with the manufacturers of small wares such as pens
and penholders, buttons, hooks and eyes, and a variety of small fancy articles,
[Price Sd.]

page_text: to card or pack or put them up for sale in closed (and frequently sealed) paper
boxes or wrappers; and the object of my Invention is to make or form such
boxes or wrappers according to the quantity they may be required to hold and
the description of articles to be placed in them, that a sample or specimen of
the same may be safely placed on the outside in such a way as not to be injured
by the pressing together of such boxes or wrappers and yet to be capable of
being removed or applied with convenience. And as the articles required to
be so put up or boxed greatly vary in their shape, form, and character, the
specimen to be exhibited I purpose placing in the most convenient part of such
boxes or wrappers, and if the articles to be put up consist of two or more parts
or samples the specimens exhibited may be so placed as best to illustrate their
quality and use, and I effect this by forming my paper in such a way that strong
fibrous threads or bands may be laid and stretched in certain places of its com-
position, such threads or bands not only imparting to the paper or cardboard
general additional strength in the direction in which they are laid, but I
purpose cutting the top or other suitable part of the box or wrapper that such
thread with a portion of the paper with which such thread or threads may be
imbeded shall clip the article or articles so exhibited, and from the great
additional strength imparted admit of such articles being handled, removed, or
applied without injuring or tearing the apparent fragile loop that confines it,
and when using the ordinary paper of which such cards, boxes, and wrappers
are or may be composed, I apply a clip or clips made of thin sheet metal or
other suitable material, and if of metal its ends may be so formed as to
puncture the part of the box where it is intended to be placed, and the part
passing through to be closed or bent down on the inside or to have an indented
shank or shanks formed on it, which shanks pass through corresponding holes
to be closed or rivetted for securing the clip, and which clip being made of
hard metal it will afford sufficient elasticity to yield and spring back so as to
allow the article confined (by it) to be readily removed or applied.
And in some instances, instead of confining the clip by rivetting or bending
down on the inside, I purpose confining it or the article to be exhibited to the
box with an elastic ring or rings or braid, and in order that the articles so
exhibited may be protected from pressure or contact with other boxes when put
together I form a set-off around the edge of the box or other part or parts that
the article exhibited shall not stand beyond the projection of such set-off or
rim, and further in some cases when the article so. exhibited is of delicate
texture or workmanship I purpose protecting it with a flap or fall of paper or
other suitable material or materials so as to form a pad or cover to protect
such exhibited specimen or specimens. And in some class of articles which

page_text: only requires a certain part to be exhibited, in which case the clip or elastic
fastening may be applied on the inside of the box or wrapper, the part intended
to be exhibited being placed against a circular or other shaped orifice or hole
cut out for receiving it.
And in the application of the paper or cardboard herein-before described for
carding the various articles that are usually so treated, the thread or strand or
strands are to be so placed as to be conveniently used for holding the article or
to assist in holding them by their being sewed on, the thread of which being
passed around the strands before named, and in some instance 1 purpose the
card to have a flap for covering over the articles so carded, and which flap may
have a hole through it for exhibiting a specimen of the articles below.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Vigurs in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd September 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
VIGURS, Accountant Clerk, of Roundhills, Aston, near Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Henry Vigurs, Her special license that I, the said Henry Vigurs, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry
Vigurs, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
TREATMENT OF PAPER OR CARDBOARD, SUCH PAPER OR CARDBOARD BEING USED
FOR CARDS, WRAPPERS, OR BOXES FOR EXHIBITING AND HOLDING SMALL ARTICLES
USUALLY SOLD ON CARDS OR IN BOXES, AS ALSO IN THE FORM OF SUCH BOXES
AND WRAPPERS, AND THE MANNER OF ATTACHING SPECIMEN OF CONTENTS
THERETO," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry
Vigurs, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particu-
larly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the

page_text: Fateme OMIC WITH SIX Calendar months next and immediately arter
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Vigurs, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
(that is to say):-
It is a common practice with the manufacturers of small wares, such as pens
and penholders, buttons, hooks, and eyes, and a variety of small fancy articles,
to card, pack, or put them up for sale in closed and frequently sealed paper
boxes or wrappers; and the object of my Invention is to make or form such
boxes or wrappers (according to the quantity they may be required to hold
and the description of articles to be placed in them) that a sample or specimen
of the same may be safely placed on the outside in such a way as not to be
injured by the pressing together of such boxes or wrappers and yet to be
capable of being removed or applied with convenience. And as the articles
required to be so put up or boxed greatly vary in their shape, form, and
character, the specimen to be exhibited I purpose placing in the most con-
venient part of such boxes or wrappers, and if the articles to be put up consist
of two or more parts or samples, the specimen exhibited may be so placed as
best to illustrate their quality and use, and I effect this by forming my paper in
such a way that strong fibrous threads or bands may be laid and stretched in
certain places of its composition, such threads or bands not only imparting to
the paper or cardboard general additional strength in the direction in which
they are laid, but I purpose cutting the top or other suitable part of the box or
wrapper that such thread with a portion of the paper with which such thread or
threads may be imbedded shall clip the article or articles so exhibited, and
from the additional strength so imparted admit of such articles being handled.
removed, or applied without injurin or tearing the apparent fragile loop that
confines it; and when using the ordinary paper of which such cards, boxes,
and wrappers are or may be composed I apply a clip or clips made of thin
sheet metal or other suitable material, and if of metal, its ends may be so
formed as to puncture the part of the box where it is intended to be placed.
and the part passing through to be closed or bent down on the inside or to have
an indented shank or shanks formed on it, which shanks pass through corre-
sponding holes to be closed or rivetted for securing the clip, and which clip
being made of hard metal it will afford sufficient elasticity to yield and spring
back so as to allow the articles confined by it to be readily removed or
applied.
And in some instances, instead of confining the bed and clip (on which the

page_text: specimen to be exhibited is to be placed and held) by rivetting or closing
down on the inside the small shanks or straps formed for that purpose, I pur-
pose confining it or the article to be exhibited to the box with an elastic ring
or rings or braid; and in order that the article so exhibited may be protected
from pressure or contact with other boxes or cards when put together, I form
a set off around the edge of the box or card, or other part or parts, that the
article so exhibited shall not stand beyond the projection of such set off or
raised part or parts; and further, in some cases when the article so exhibited is
of delicate texture or workmanship, I purpose protecting it with a fall or flap
of paper, or other suitable material or materials, so as to form a pad or cover to
protect such exhibited specimen or specimens. And in the carding or boxing
of articles which only require a certain part to be exhibited, a clip or elastic
fastening may be applied in the inside of the box or back side of the card, so
that the part of the article intended to be exhibited (being placed against a
circular or other shaped orifice or hole cut out for receiving it) may be seen
from the outside.
And in the application of the paper or cardboard herein-before described for
wrapping up or holding the various articles that are usually so treated, the
thread or strand or strands are to be so placed as to be conveniently used for
holding the article, or to assist in holding them by their being sewed on by the
thread being passed around or through the strand before named; and in some
instances I purpose the card to have a flap for covering over the articles so
carded, and which flap may have a hole through it for exhibiting a specimen
of the articles below
Having now described the general nature and object of my Invention, I
will proceed more fully to describe the manner in which the same may be
carried into effect, the various details and parts being shaped and fashioned
to suit the various articles required to be protected and specimen of contents
exhibited.
C
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents a flat view of a band suitable for wrapping around or con-
fining hosiery and other such like fancy goods (usually confined or held by
bands), such paper band being strengthened by having imbedded in its com-
position or laid between two or more pieces of paper, pasted or otherwise
united together, thin tape, narrow ribbon, or other suitable fibrous material
marked A, A, by which means much additional strength is imparted to the
band, a part of which is represented broken away, for the purpose of better
exhibiting the strengthener A'; but as a matter of course, cotton, hemp, or other

page_text: cord may be used, if preferred, in like manner as exhibited at Fig. 2, with a
part of the flap broken away, for the purpose of showing the strengthening
cords. This Figure represents a card as laid out for carding steel pens (and
holders if required), the strengthening cords laid in or incorporated in its com-
position, being principally shown in dotted lines marked B, B, and in the centre
of the card a pen is represented and held, by the paper being cut close on each
side of the strengthening cords for forming the narrow loop by which the pen
is held, and in like manner loops are formed in regular order, along the row
of outlined pens, as indicating the order in which they are to be carded, and
when so put up the flap C, C, may be laid over on the front of the card, and
secured or tied up, in which condition the specimen pen D will be exposed
through the pierced hole E, so that the character and quality of the pens so
cared may be ascertained without untying, opening, or exposing the pens.
By this plan the loops that hold the pens, though apparently fragile and
delicate, nevertheless will possess sufficient strength and permit a pen or pens
to be examined, withdrawn, and again replaced without breaking; the strengthen-
ing cords also forming or imparting additional strength for connecting the flap
to the card.
And although I have described and exhibited this Figure as being prepared
for carding pens, nevertheless it will be evident to any practical mind that such
cards either with or without flaps may be similarly constructed and prepared
for carding any other description or class of small wares as usually sold on
card, and which adaptation I have exhibited at Fig. 3, which represents a
card as suitable for carding Rowley's safety-point. pins, with a small part broken
away for the purpose of exhibiting the strengthening cords F, F, which are so
placed that the shank of the pin passes in and out under the strengthening
cord, thereby rendering the card less liable to break at the parts where the
pins are inserted. And by a process of embossing, certain parts of the card
may be raised, so as not only to facilitate the securing of the article intended
to be carded, but also to protect the articles carded, which is frequently neces-
sary when a number of such cards of pins or like articles are packed together
for carriage or exportation; and which embossed or raised parts may be filled
up on the back side with any cheap suitable material, if desired, as exhibited
at Fig. 4, which is a vertical section of Figure 3, showing a side view
of the pin G; but it frequently occurs that this class of article is sold in
neatly ornamented boxes, such boxes being generally further secured with an
outer wrapper, and such outer wrapper I have exhibited at Fig. 5, also partly
broken away, for better exhibiting strengthening cords, principally shown in
dotted lines marked H, H. Wrappers thus strengthened admit of a specimen

page_text: or sample pin being applied without the liability so common to ordinary
paper wrappers, namely, the article so applied falling out or tearing the
paper.
In carrying out this portion of my Patent I purpose either incorparating the
strengthening threads with the material of the paper in. its first composition
(the threads or cords being placed in position, according to the use for for which
they may be required), or such strengthening cords may be stretched over one
sheet of pasted paper and secured by another sheet being laid in contact with
it, the common process of making pasteboard; and from such prepared sheets
of paper or pasteboard any desired wrappers, cards, or boxes may be made.
Fig. 6 represents the cover of a paper box designed for the purpose of
holding steel pens and exhibiting a specimen of contents on the top. The part
marked I, I, is intended to be embossed or raised to form in its transverse
section the counterpart or hollow of the pen, and J, J, is a metal clip which
may be of any suitable shape or design, and, by preference, I wish the metal
to be left hard and to be raised in the middle to the same shape as the bolster
or raised bed I, I. This metal clip may be secured to the box or cover in a
variety of ways, as, for instance, a sunken circular shank may be formed in
the broad part of each end, and which shanks may pass through corresponding
holes in the cover or other part of the box, and spread over on the inside in
the same way in which common metal eyelets are applied, or a simple loop of
metal may be passed through a corresponding slot or hole, and closed down on
the inside, as exhibited at Fig. 7, which is the reverse side of Figure 6, show-
ing the part. I, I, in a reverse or concave position. Upon the part I, 1, the
pen to be exhibited is placed with a slight pressure, just sufficient to allow the
pen to pass under the centre of the metallic clip, where it may be held with
sufficient tightness to permit the handling the handling of the box and of the
full examination of the pen without its falling out.
Fig. 8 represents a section of Figure 6 as taken through the lengthway centre
of the clip J, and Fig. 9 represents a transverse section of the box corresponding
to the cover herein-before described, and which box I purpose in the course of
formation to place between suitable press tools, or internal and external moulds
for the purpose of raising the bottom as here exhibited; by this means boxes
so shaped may be packed one on the other without the exposed or raised speci-
men on the top being injured, not that I purpose confining myself to this mode
of protecting the specimen, as the same treatment to the cover would effect the
same object, or projections may be formed on the cover or other part of a box
where it may be desirable to place the specimen as exhibited at Fig. 10. And
which oval embossed projections may be used for marking, printing or embos-

page_text: sing the number, trade mark, or other device relating to the article boxed,
or to the trade of the manufacturer. And the manner of applying the speci-
men consists of a semicircular piece of wood, metal or other material, and
which part I have exhibited detached at K. And through the slots L, L, i
apply india-rubber rings, and insert the part K, through the india-rubber
rings, as indicated by the dotted lines, and by the insertion on the inside of a
simple strip of cardboard or other material, the part K will be held and the
specimen pen desired to be exhibited, may be passed along on the part K, and
underneath the elastic band, the point of the pen being protected by the set off
or projection marked a.
Fig. 11 represents a transverse section of the cover of a box, showing the
part K in position, held down to the cover by an elastic ring, marked b, b;
and instead of protecting the specimen, to be laid on the part K, and held by
the band b, b, with oval projections as exhibited at Figure 10, I raise the
sides of the cover as here shown, which will admit of convenient packing, and
yet afford protection to the specimen, and Fig. 12 represents a longitudinal
side view of a cover of a box, as exhibited at Figure 11, the dotted lines c, c,
representing the plane of the centre of the cover, where the specimen should
be placed, and K represents a side detached view of that part, with a set off
or projection for protecting the point before referred to marked a.
Fig. 13 represents the cover of a box with the raised bed for the pen to
rest on, and loop for clipping the same formed of thin metal, and this metal
bed and clip, I purpose attaching to the cover or other suitable part of a box,
or case by forming straps of the same, as shown in dotted lines at d, d, and e, e,
and which straps I bend at right angles with the other portion and pass through
corresponding slots or pierce holes in the cover or part of the box, that it may
desirable to place the specimen of contents on, and bend or close them
down on the inside. And the part for clipping the pen may be simply formed
from the parts freed in the pierce holes f, f, being bent up as here shown over
the bed or part g, g. The extreme end of the part marked g', is raised higher
than the other portion, and pierced for allowing the point of the pen to pass in
under the metal for protecting it. And instead of applying projections on the
cover as exhibited at Figure 10, for protecting the specimen so exhibited, by
pressing up or raising the bottom of the box as exhibited at Figure 9, circular
projections may be formed on the bottom of such boxes, as exhibited at N, N,
Fig. 14. And if the pen or article exhibited be of a very delicate construction
or fabrication, a flap or pad may be applied to such boxes as exhibited in dotted
lines at h, h, h, h, Figure 13, the transverse dotted lines, marked k, k, repre-
sent strengthening cords, as before described, laid in or made up with the

page_text: paper or pasteboard of which such flap or pad may be composed, such
strengthening cords tending much to strengthen the connection of the pad
with the cover, and instead of constructing the cover, and applying the
specimen as here shown, the cover may be deflected either wholly or partially,
for the purpose of receiving several specimens, such specimens being protected
by the pad or flap. Thus constructing as were two boxes in one, the top for
the specimen or specimens, and the lower for the bulk, and in that case
the bottom of the box and top surface of the pad or flap may be perfectly
plain.
Fig. 15 represents the cover of a box also designed for holding steel pens,
the part marked m, m, m, m, being raised, clipped, and pierced, as here shown,
and this part I purpose holding down on the cover, by applying (in like manner
as described at Figure 10) to its narrowest part, elastic rings, as exhibited
detached at Fig. 16. And by applying a strip of cardboard or other suitable
material on the inside, as exhibited at Fig. 17; the metal part will not only
be held to the cover or part applied, but the elastic rings will also serve for
holding the specimen down on the part P, P, with sufficient contracting
force to accomplish the object here sought, namely, the holding the specimen
and permitting its being examined or removed and re-applied without trouble,
or the liability of falling out. At Figure 16 I have represented one of the
bands in position, marked n, and the other omitted; but its position indicated
by dotted lines. And for the purpose of protecting the specimen, and conve-
nience of placing a series or number of such boxes together in packing, I have
represented as raised the parts marked Q, Q, and R, R, and on such raised
parts I purpose to print or emboss the name, price, and description of such
pen or article so applied.
Fig. 18 represents a longitudinal section of Figure 15, taken through the
dotted lines p, p, and Fig. 19 represents a transverse section of the metal
part m, representing straps at the ends for applying it to the cover or other
part of a box by passing through and bending down on the inside as before
described. And instead of using elastic bands or rings, elastic cord may be
used, the knot as here represented will, when applied to the box, lie pressed
up in the hollow of the part marked P, or if desired, the metal part may be
applied in the same way as described at Figure 15, and the elastic cord fixed
on the inside of the cover.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same may be carried into effect, I wish it understood, that I have
not thought it necessary to diversify and exhibit the variety of articles that
are or may be banded, carded, or put up in boxes, after the manner of my

page_text: Invention, as the simple alteration of length and width, and raised or
depressed parts, as the clips or bands have only to be altered, to suit the
article desired to be so boxed, carded, and exhibited, to make it applicable
to a variety of small articles otherwise than here shown; but what I claim
and wish protected by these my in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
The treatment of paper by the use of strengthening cords or bands, for the
objects and purposes herein described and exhibited.
Secondly, the manner of constructing boxes, when specimens of the
contents of such boxes are desired to be placed on the outside for inspec-
tion, as herein described and exhibited, without regard to the ornamentation
of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Vigurs, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of September in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
EDMUND HOTCHKISS,
Clerk to J. S. Cockings,
Patent Agent,
Birmingham.
HENRY VIGURS. (L.S.)