Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Nov., 1890-Accepted, 17th Jan., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by THE ESSEX UNIVERSAL TYPE WRITER COMPANY.
(Incorporated), of 155, Broadway, in the City of New York, State of New
York, United States of America.]
Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
I PHILIP ARTHUR NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is the production of an inexpensive, simple, and
durable type writing machine, and to such end the invention comprehends certain
improved devices and combinations of devices, which together constitute an organized
machine of novel character, several convenient forms of which are represented in
the accompanying drawings, and hereinafter described, the particular subject matter
laimed as novel being hereinafter definitely specified.
In the drawings, Figs. 1 to 26. show the preferred form of machine embodying
this invention.
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a machine embodying the invention, the parts being shown
at rest.
Fig. 2 is a section on the line
arrows.
of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the
Fig. 3 is a similar view, showing the key depressed.
Figs. 4 and are detail horizontal sections of the platen carrier and the pawl
carrier, Fig. 4 showing the position of the pawl during the impression of the type,
and Fig. 5 its position when disengaged from the rack.
Fig. 6 is a right hand end elevation of the machine, with parts of the platen
carrier and type wheel broken away.
Fig. 7 is a section on the dotted line y-y of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the
arrows.
Fig. 8 is a front view of the shaft-shifting lever, the frame plate and shifting keys
shown in section.
Fig. 9 is a central section of the type wheel and shaft.
Fig. 10 is a detail showing one method of mounting the type.
Figs. 11 and 12 are details of the means for adjusting the typewheel on its shaft.
Fig. 13 is a front elevation of the platen carrier and platen.
Fig. 14 is an end elevation of the same, sectional on the dotted line w―w.
Figs. 15. 16 and 17 are side views of different position levers removed from the
machine.
Fig. 18 is a perspective view showing a modified arrangement of the levers and
position plates.
Figs. 19 and 20, 21 and 22, 23 and 24, and 25 and 26, are sectional side elevations,
respectively by couples corresponding to Figs. 2 and 3, of four modified constructions,
differing only formally from the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 to 18.
In Figs. 27 to 56, a machine embodying the invention is shown, in which the
deflectors operating the typewheel shafts are carried by sliding travellers instead of
levers.
Fig. 27 is a plan view of the machine, the first key being shown depressed, and its
traveller advanced.
Fig. 28 is a section on the dotted lines of Fig. 27, looking in the direction of
the arrows, showing the parts at rest.
Fig. 29 is a similar view to Fig. 28, showing the parts after the depression of
a key.

page_text: cide elevation of the left hand end of the machine.
Fig. 31 is a view similar to Fig. 29, showing the arrangement of the two banks of
keys.
Figs. 32 and 33 are horizontal sections of the pawl, carrier, platen carrier, and
carrier way, Fig. 32 showing the position of the pawl during the impression of the
type, and Figure 33 its position when disengaged from the rack by the pawl lifter
yoke.
Fig. 34 is a perspective view of the pawl lifter yoke.
Figs. 35 and 36 are side views of the spacing and shifting keys.
Fig. 37 is a perspective view of the hammer slide and type hammer.
Figs. 38 to 47, inclusive, are side views of the different travellers.
Fig. 48 is a detail of the type wheel.
Fig. 49 is a front elevation of the platen carrier removed from its ways.
Fig. 50 is a similar view of the platen and its tension and feed rollers, removed
from the platen carrier.
Fig. 51 a right hand end view of Fig. 30.
Fig. 52 is a detail of a modified construction of the wheel shaft.
Figs. 53 to 5 are details of modified forms of connections between the keys and
travellers.
Fig. 56 shows a modified form of hammer rock shaft.
In Figs 57 to 61, a simpler machine is shown, in which the keys themselves form
the deflecting sliding travellers.
Fig. 57 is a plan view of the machine, showing the parts at rest.
Fig. 58 is a section on the dotted line a x of Fig. 57, looking in the direction of
the arrows.
Fig. 59 is a view similar to Fig. 58, showing the parts after the depression of a key.
Fig. 60 is a detail section, showing the shaft-shifting mechanism.
Fig. 61 is a transverse section showing the shaft returning plate.
Referring now first to the construction represented in Figs. 1 to 17, inclusive, the
framework of the machine is most conveniently composed of two parallel, erect,
transverse end frame plates A¹ A², connected by longitudinal tie bars a a¹ a² a³, or
similar devices. The frame plates, which are preferably counterpart, are preferably
cast webs of the form shown in Figs. 2, 3, 6, and 7, and they together with their tie
bars, and either with or without a base plate, constitute the entire framework of the
machine, which, as will be apparent, is exceedingly simple and inexpensive. The
types 62 of the machine are arranged in circumferential series upon, and preferably
project from, the periphery of a typewheel B, to which movement of partial rotation
in either direction is imparted, in order to bring a particular type in front of a
platen tangential to said wheel. The type wheel is, in a manner hereinafter
described. mounted проп the projecting end of the wheel shaft b, which extends longi-
tudinally of the machine in a horizontal plane, and has its bearings in the two
frame plates, through hoth of which it passes.
The movement of the shaft and wheel is, through the intervention of the position
levers, controlled by the movement of the keys, of which keys any suitable series
is employed, and all of which serve to impart a movement to said shaft and wheel.
For the sake of clearer illustration, the accompanying drawings show but seventeen
keys, the finger knobs d of which are arranged in a double bank or tier. It is,
however, to be understood that any desired number of such keys may be employed,
and that if desired but a single bink, or more than two banks may be employed.
The keys
are designated by the letters D' to D, inclusive, and as they are all alike
a description of one will be sufficient.
Selecting, then, key D', shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the key consists of a lever of
the second order, to which the letter D is applied, it being preferaoly a blank of
metal of the form shown in the drawings, terminating in a finger knob d, the
upper face or pressing surface of which is provided with a letter, number, or other
character correspondent to the type which said key controls.
The key in question, as well as all the other keys in the series, is, at its rear

page_text: extremity, mounted upon the key axis d*, being a fulcrum rod horizontal and parallel
with the wheel shaft b, common to all the type keys, and having its bearings at its
extremities in the frame plates. Near its forward extremity, but to the rear of the
finger knob, the key passes through and is engaged within a vertical slot or way e,
being one of a series of slots or ways for the series of keys formed in a key rail E,
extending from frame plate to frame plate, conveniently by being applied to
the tie bars a² a³. These ways serve to limit the up and down movement of the lever
keys with respect to their axis, and also serve to stay said keys agains: lateral sway.
The depression of the keys is due to the pressure of the finger of the operator, while
their elevation is conveniently accomplished by a series of key springs d', preferably
sprung from, and attached to the tie bar a, and at their free ends bearing beneath the
keys in advance of their fulcrum d*. Each key, near its forward extremity, is
formed with a depending key lug d, integral with, or attached to the key, the lower
face of which is inclined downwardly and backwardly to form the incline d³, which,
at its upper front end, runs into a vertical straight face d. The key lugs of all of the
type keys correspond in profile as to their lower inclines and front straight faces.
The inclines on the key lugs serve to encounter and depress lever lugs 2 laterali
projecting from the heels i of the position levers, of which levers a series lettered I' to I¹³,
corresponding in number with the number of type keys, is employed in the con-
struction represented. All of these position levers, which are in the form of right.
angular cranks, composed of a heel portion i and a body portion, are at their angles
fulcrummed upon a lever axis Ix, common to them all, and extending between the
frame plates, parallel with, and below the wheel shaft b. Each position lever is at the
upper extremity of its body portion provided with a deflector consisting preferably
of an angular deflecting plate ix, being a flat faced lug, plate, or bar, either struck
out from the blank of metal, which preferably forms the position lever proper, or
else, as shown, separately applied thereto, which plates are all, in the forward
movement of the position levers, adapted to encounter and come to a close and firm
bearing against a preferably flat faced lug, plate, or bar, which is termed herein th
position plate 6x, carried by the wheel shaft, and being, in fact, a flattened peripheral
portion or attachment of said shaft, which shaft is within the range of the movement
of all of said deflecting plates. and which, in the construction illustrated, or where
the shaft is of small diameter, is extended in the form of a tangential plate, so as to
present a broad bearing surface to the faces of the deflecting plates, which latter, in
their forward movement, engage and turn the position plate, and come to a close and
firm bearing upon it, as shown in the case of the plate ix, represented in Fig. 3.
The inclination of the plate striking face of each deflecting plate differs from that of
every other similar plate of the series, and inasmuch as, in the construction discussed,
the position plate extends the required length of the wheel shaft in a given single
plane, and is common to all the deflecting plates, it will be apparent that each deflecting
plate, in coming to a bearing upon said position plate, will cause the latter to assume
a different angular position, and consequently will cause the wheel shaft and type
wheel to assume a different position, circumferentially considered, and will therefore
occasion the presentation to the platen of different types upon the periphery of
the wheel.
The inclination of the plate encountering face of each deflecting plate is intentionally
such as, in the encounter of a given plate with the position plate, to occasion such an
inclination of said position plate, and such a consequent rotation of the type wheel,
as will bring into position, opposite the platen, the letter, number, or character upon
said wheel which corresponds to the letter, number, or character upon the type key
operating in connection with the given position lever and deflecting plate.
The normal set of the position levers and type keys being that represented in Fig. 2,
in which the key lugs 2 rest, as to their inclines, upon the lever lugs, it will be
apparent that a depression of any type key will be accompanied, first, and until the
incline has slipped off the lever lug, by a depression of the wheel of its position lever,
and the forward deflection of the body of said lever, until its deflecting plate

page_text: encounters. rotates, and comes to a fixed bearing against the position plate upon the
wheel shaft, and will then be further accompanied by a slipping of the straight face
of its key lug past and along said lever lug, as shown in Fig. 3, locking the position
lever and type wheel against movement, and operating the action lever as described
hereafter.
The types preferably extend over a segment from 90 to 150°, and therefore but a
comparatively short rotation of the type wheel will be required to bring any
particular type into position, so that the required inclination of the deflecting plates
will be small, and may be within the range of the extremes shown in Figs. 15 and 17.
In practice, between the extreme reverse inclinations of the deflecting plates of said
figures, any number of intermediate inclinations may be applied to the deflecting
plates of the position levers employed.
Automatic provision may be made for returning the type wheel to a given normal
set or position of rest with reference to the platen, but it is preferable to permit the
wheel and shaft to remain in the position which the depression of a given key has
caused them to assume, providing only a spacing key, key D of Fig. 1, operative on
a position lever 19 of Fig. 16, the deflecting plate of which possesses such inclination
as to bring opposite the platen that portion of the periphery of the type wheel which
is terned herein the spacing gap Bx, Figs. 2 and 6, and which is a portion of the
type band, either provided with an opening, or formed without projecting types.
The action lever F, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, is the device by which the movement of the
type keys is transmitted to the platen actuating and impression mechanisms, and is a
lever of the first order, conveniently of the form shown, which is similar to that of
the position levers, having a body portion to which the letter E is applied, and a heel
portion designated f, and fulcrumined conveniently upon the axis I* of the position
levers, in proximity to the right hand frame plate. From the front extremity of the
heel of this action lever, extends horizontally a bail f2, which passes beneath the front
portions of all of the type keys, to the extreme left hand of the machine, and is
there connected with the free front extremity of a lever rocker f³, Fig. 7, being a
counterpart of the heel of the action lever, and, like that heel, sprung from the lever
axis 1*. It should be remarked that it is convenient to key both the action lever and
the lever rocker to the lever axis I*, to mount that axis at its extremities to oscillate
in bearings in the frame plates, and either to provide the crotch portions of the
position levers with hubs, and mount them to oscillate freely upon said axis, or else,
without providing them with hubs, to similarly mount them and separate them from
each other by washers, as shown in Fig. 1. Features of this character are, however,
within the province of the constructor.
It will now be apparent that all of the lever keys, after the inclines of their
respective key lugs have slipped past their respective lever lugs, encounter the bail of
the action lever, and, by depressing said bail, occasion the forward movement of
the body of the action lever for operating the pawl carrier Q and its pawl, as
hereinafter set forth.
The type wheel B, as stated, is provided, as to a portion of its face, with radially-
projecting types 62, which are caused to make their impress upon the paper or other
material upon the face of the platen C, by being forced from within radially out-
ward against the same, conveniently by the action of a hammer g, which is connected
with a hammer slide G, mounted in a slide bearing g' on the outside face of the
right hand frame plate, and which is set to strike against the back of the types from
within the wheel, and so to force the type struck outwardly and towards the platen.
The bammer g, is, as shown in the drawings, connected with the rear extremity of
its slide, while said slide itself is adapted to be moved horizontally forward or back
by a pawl lever P, conveniently pivoted against the inside face of the right hand
frame plate by a pivot p, at its upper extremity connected with said slide by a pivot
pin p, and at its lower extremity connected with the pawl carrier Q, whereof
hereinafter. The normal set of the hammer and hammer slide is such that the
hammer is normally back from the inside face of the rim of the wheel, such position

page_text: being conveniently effected by a retracting spring of any character (as, for instance, g²,
Figs. 23 and 24), but being preferably effected by the platen actuating devices
hereinafter referred to.
As will be understood from a consideration of the connection of the action lever
with the pawl carrier, and of the pawl carrier with the hammer slile, through the
pawl lever, the hammer slide will not be advanced to duty, that is to say, moved to
strike, until after the rotation of the type wheel, and until the commencement of the
retreat of the pawl carrier. From this there necessarily results the bringing of a
particular type into position with respect to the platen, before the striking of such
type to make its impress.
In order that the types may have a radially in and out movement with respect to
their carrying type wheel, many modes of mounting or attaching them may be
resorted to. It has been found convenient to form upon, or apply to the external or
peripheral face of the type wheel, a band of rubber 6, out of the substance of which
are formed, or to which are applied. the types 62, and to form one or more circum-
ferential openings or slots, which are termed herein hammer slots 63, entirely through
the rim of the wheel, so as to expose from within the said rim the back or under-
face of said type-carrying band. Through the slot or slots so formed, the striking
extremity of the hammer, in the striking movement of said hammer, passes, and
comes in contact with the rear face of said type hand, with the result of forcing the
portion of the band encountered, and the type which that portion of the band carries,
forward against the platen. Upon the retraction of the hammer, the elastic band,
which, under its impulse, was beliied out, resumes its normal set.
Of course, if desired, each type may, as shown in Fig. 10, be provided with a
shank 13, mounted in a suitable radial bearing in the rim of the wheel, and be
controlled by a spring 64, which will yield under the blow of the hammer, to permit
of the advance of its controlled type, but after the retreat of the hammer, will cause
said type to reassume its normal position.
In the application of the type carrying rubber band, it is found convenient to
rovide the wheel with three parallel circumferential rows of types, in connection
with which the single hammer is adapted by the lateral shifting of the wheel to
do duty.
This lateral or sidewise shifting of the wheel, in order to bring a given row of its
types into range of contact with the hammer, can be accomplished in many ways,
but the following devices are preferred, two sidewise shifts of different extent being
requisite: The wheel shaft to which the type wheel is keyed being adapted to move
longitudinally, is provided, between the outer face of the right hand frame plate
and the inner face or hub of the type wheel, with a spiral shaft spring 4, and with
collar 5, which spring and collar normally serve to maintain the shaft and wheel
in the position represented in Fig. 1.
Pivoted against the inside face of the left hand frame plate, by means of a pivot
pin l, is a shifting lever L, Figs. 7 and 8, the lower extremity of which is turned in,
o form a heel lx, upon which rests the extremities of shifting keys S S*, Figs. 1
and 7, normaily maintained in the position represented in Fig. 7 by springs s, and
being similar to the other lever keys, and conveniently fulcrummed upon the same
axis a. These keys are stopped or otherwise controlled by being passed through
vertical lever ways 2, Fig. 7, of different depths, to impart throws of different exten
to the shifting lever, the upper extremity of which is, by means of the slot and
pivot connection 12. Figs. 7 and 8, connected with the left hand extremity of the
wheel shaft, and the deflection of which, in consequence, imparts, according to it.
extent, a proportionate end for end throw or shift of the wheel shaft. In the con-
struction represented, one of the shifting keys will bring the second hammer slot of
the type wheel in range of the hammer, while the other key will bring the third slot
in range of said hammer, the first slot being normally in range, and the wheel
returned to this position on the release of a shifting key. Of course, if desired,
more or less than three rows of types may be employed, and obviously a single

page_text: will effectuate the invention, although it will necessitate long rotary throws of the
type wheel.
In order, if desired, to provide the type wheel with alphabets of different fonts of
type, it is easy to divide the circumference of said wheel into two, three, or more
segments, each of which shall contain an alphabet of a given font, style, or character
of type, and to so apply the wheel, that it can be adjusted with respect to its
circumferential set upon its shaft. Such an adjustment may easily be effected by
the construction shown in Figs. 9, 11, and 12, in which the hub of the type wheel
is formed with a socket 6', of such dimensions as to provide an annular interspace
about the extremity of the shaft, within which interspace is applied a spiral spring 6,
abutting between the outer face of said socket and a collar or lug 59 upon the
extremity of the shaft. It is obvious that by this arrangement the wheel can be
either slid outwardly end wise upon the shaft, up to the range of compression of the
spring, or he rotated with respect to said shaft. The inner face of the hub is
provided with a tongue 10, adapted to a groove 61 in a clutch collar 612 fixed upon
the shaft, and by this contrivance, which is in the nature of a clutch in connection
with the spiral spring and socket arrangement above described, it is obvious that the
type wheel can be rotated with respect to the shaft to which it is applied, and be
fixed in two different positions. Of course, by applying a series of grooves in the
clutch collar, a series of adjustments can be made
K, Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 6, is a segmental inking pad, so set that, in the rotative
movement of the type wheel, it serves to supply ink to the faces of the types. It is
supported in any suitable manner, preferably from the right hand frame plate, as
shown. The pad is, of course, either made in two parts, or provided with a transverse
slot or opening in the region facing the platen, so as not to interfere with the printing
action of the types. It is manifest that the pad K is, moreover, simply one of many
contrivances which may be employed for inking the types, and that it is equally
possible to ink them by rollers or other well known devices, and also possible, and
even preferable, to employ an inking ribbon, as usual in writing machine.
Having now explained the devices by which the types are selected and brought
into action against the platen, it is proper to state that. in connection with them.
platens of various character, and actuated to the requisite movements by various
contrivances, may be employed.
The following contrivances are convenient for the purpose :-
M is the platen carrier, the same being composed of a base bar, preferably of
circular cross section, and to which the letter M is applied, having upright end
arms m, one of them preferably curved as shown (Fig. 13), which is mounted, for
longitudinal travel in either direction, by being, as to its base bar, engaged with
platen bearings N, which are preferably sleeves fixed with respect to the frame work
conveniently by being connected with, or formed as a part of the tie bar a¹, as show.
in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7, and by being guided by a carrier guide rod m², which is
in effect a tie bar of the frame, and with which a carrier sleeve m³, or other boxing
or guide, conveniently connected with the curved upright arm m of the carrier, is
engaged. The base bar of the platen carrier has upon its front face a rack m*, and
its arms m are each provided with a vertical slot m¹, to which are respectively
adapted the respective extremities c c of the platen C, so that said platen can be
easily dropped into its carrier in such manner as to become temporarily a par:
thereof, or be easily lifted out. The longitudinal travel of the platen carrier and
platen is occasioned by the action of an intermittently operated pawl O, hereinafter
described. The platen is preferably provided with angular top and bottom:
edges ², between which its face, designated by the letter C, is a flat surface,
against which the paper or other writing material is flat, and which receives the
thrust or stroke of the types. The extremities of the top edge of the platen are
turned in to form, or otherwise conveniently provided with, lugs or ears ex which
respectively, by being perforated, serve as the journal bearings for a feed roller c',
applied between the cars of the top edge of the platen, and conveniently provided

page_text: with a thumb knob c, by the manual rotation of which the feed roller may be rotated,
in order to occasion the line feed of the paper.
The bottom edge of the platen is overlaid by a closely applied tension strip c³,
secured only at the extremities, but set so as to bear quite closely against said bottom
edge, and just admit the passage of the paper between. Of course, if desired, this
strip may be adjusted by springs, or otherwise, to cause it to bear with equal effect
upon paper of different thicknesses. The feed roller and the tension strip,
therefore, both bear closely against the edges of the platen and together these
devices serve to maintain the surface of the paper taut against the face of said
platen. The tension strip will preferably be extended below the platen, as shown,
to form a table to receive the edge of the paper. The feed roller is conveniently
rubber faced, so as to ensure the requisite bite
In order to gauge the
the
upon paper.
transverse feed of the paper across the platen, it is found convenient to provide the
feed roller, near the thumb knob es, with a guttered gauge disc c, the gutters e' of
which are simply peripheral notches employed in any desired series, into which succes-
sively enters and engages a lug c on the extremity of a feed roller spring c³, secured, as
shown in Figs. 13 and 14, to the platen. It is obvious that the foregoing con-
trivance will automatically serve to guide the touch of the operator in his manual
rotation of the feed roller, and thereby conveniently and accurately secure a
predetermined advance of the paper.
The longitudinal intermittent travel of the platen and platen carrier is conveniently
secured by the action of a pawl O against the rack-provided face of the base of the
platen carrier. The pawl is connected with the pawl carrier already referred to as
being operated by the throw of the action lever in the operation of the type keys.
and is conveniently constructed, arranged, and operated in the following manner.
Q, as already explained, is the pawl carrier, the same being a slide bar housea,
for endwise movement, preferably in a horizontal plane, and from front to rear of the
machine, in slide bearings q, conveniently affixed to the inside face of the right hand
frame plate. To the rear portion of this pawl carrier is, by a vertical pivot q¹,
pivoted the double toothed platen pawl O, which is provided with a pawl spring O^,
conveniently affixed at its front extremity to the pawl carrier, and which, as to its
rear extremity, exerts its influence against the back face of the pawl, to normally
maintain it in the position shown in Fig. 5. The front portion of said pawl carrier is
conveniently encircled by a carrier spring q², which abuts between a shoulder g³ on
the carrier and the front carrier bearing 7, which serves as a resisting abutment on
the frame piate. The rear portion of the pawl carrier is, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5,
provided with a lateral arm q, which extends outwardly through an opening p²,
formed in the right hand frame plate, and is, beyond the outside face of said frame
plate, pivotally connected, by means of the slot and pivot connection p³, with the
lower extremity of the pawl lever P, already described as being at its upper extremity
pivotally connected with the hammer slide."
It will now be obvious that whenever, under the throw of the action lever F,
occasioned by the depression of a type key, the pawl carrier is advanced toward the
ont of the machine, and its pawl in consequence retracted from the rack, the
hummer slide and hammer will, through the pawl lever, be forced to the rear of
the machine, and he caused to strike the type band, and further obvious, that upon
the release of the type key, the consequent release of the action lever, and the
ensuing retreat or recoil of the pawl carrier, accompanied by the platen carrier
ferding action of its pawl under the expansion of its previously compressed spring,
the pawl lever will be reversely deflected, and the hammer slide and hammer retracted
from the type band, and moved toward the front of the machine.
rom a consideration of the foregoing mechanism, it will be apparent that each
stroke or depression of a type key is accompanied by a predetermined longitudinal
advance of the platen, and consequently by a predetermined longitudinal feed of the
paper transversely across the type face of the type wheel.
Of course, the depression of the spacing type key D' will, in the construction discussed,
be accompanied by the operation of the action lever, the platen feed, and the type

page_text: striking mechanisms, but while the feed of the platen is, of course, in such case,
desired, the striking of a type by the hammer which is not desired is, as already
explained, obviated, by causing the position lever operative in connection with the
spacing key, to bring into position, in front of the platen, the spacing gap B* of the
type wheel, or that portion which is unprovided with a type, and the outward
radial thrust of which portion is consequently without effect upon the paper.
It is preferable to arrange the type keys in a double bank, staggering or alter-
nating them by keys of the respective banks, and making the keys of the front bank
slightly lower than those of the rear, an arrangement easily accomplished, as shown
by shortening the alternate keys which constitute the upper bank. It will be under-
stood that by the application of the shifting keys already referred to, it is possible to
cause a given type key to do duty for the same letter in both upper and lower
case, or for given letters and given punctuations marks or numerals. If desired, the
type wheel and the impression and platen-actuating mechanisms, may be applied at
the left hand, instead of at the right hand side of the machine, and the impression and
the platen-actuating mechanisms may respectively, accordingly to the ser of the
type wheel, be applied to either the inside or the outside of either frame plate, while,
as is also obvious, any suitable paper carrying and supporting cage or rack may be
connected with the platen carrier. to insure the support of the paper. Expedients of
operation of this character are obvious to those skilled in the use of this class of
machinery.
The construction thus far described employs a wheel shaft provided with a single
position plate, and position levers provided with deflecting plates of different
inclinations, but it will be understood that this construction may be reversed, the shaft
provided with a series of position plates lying in different planes, and the deflecting
plates be formed of the same inclination as shown in Fig. 18.
Referring now to the various modified constructions illustrated in Figs. 19 to 26,
Figs. 19 & 20 show a modified construction, in which the form of the keys and
position levers and action is slightly altered. In this modified construction, the
position lever I is turned upside down, and its deflecting plate ix is formed integral
with it, and adapted to encounter the position plate 6x from beneath, instead of from
behind, while the lever axis 1x is above, and not below the type keys, and the heel i
of the lever therefore depends. instead of springing upward and forward. The kev
lugs d² of the type key is formed with its incline d³ and its straight face both
facing rearwardly, and making contact with the lever lug 2 to the rear, and not to
the front. The action lever F is adapted to be acted upon by the type key through
the intervention of a depending link Fx, which supports, at its extremity, the lever
rocker rod 2, upon which the type key directly act, while its body portion, to
which the letter F is applied, assumes the form of a toe, which is adapted to encounter
the inclined rear face of the hammer slide G, and so, upon the depression of the type
key, the pulling down of the link, and the consequent deflection of the lever, to
propel the said hammer slide rearwardly to duty against the types.
In the modification illustrated in Figs. 21 and 22, it will be apparent that the gist
of the variation from the construction of the machine first described is simply in the
mode of application of the lever keys D', which, as will be apparent, are reversed in
position, that is to say, are mounted upon a key axis d*, arranged across the front
portion, instead of the rear portion of the frame-work, which latter is, in the outline or
contour of its frame plates, correspondingly modified.
In this construction, the finger knobs d spring from an intermediate portion of the
keys, while the key lugs d² are at the extreme inner or free end of their keys, and as a
matter of convenience, the entire set of type keys are covered by a box R, having
slots r, through which the finger knobs project.
In Figs. 23 and 24 is represented a further modification, in which the lever keys D'
are, as in the construction of Figs. 21 and 22, fulcrummed at the front, instead of at the
rear of the machine, in which each key lug d² is formed upon the heel i of a position
lever I', and not upon the corresponding type key itself, and in which contact with
.said lug is made by the inner extremity of said type key, which is conveniently

page_text: provided with a roller d³, set to normally bear against said incline and in the
depression of the type key, by travelling against said incline, to cause the forward
deflection of the body of the position lever, and then, by travelling down the straight
face, as in Fig. 2+, to permit of the operation of the action lever or levers F, when
the key encounters the bail of said lever. The action lever F being in this con-
struction a lever of the third order, and not, as in the previous constructions a lever
of the first order, it is necessary to compound it with an auxiliary action lever F* of
the first order, pivoted in a vertical position at fx, pivotally connected with the pawl
carrier, and as to its lower portion, adapted to be encountered by the inner extremity
of said action lever proper F, which extremity is conveniently provided with
a friction roller f. Although, of course, in this construction, it is competent to
connect the pawl carrier and the hammer slide by such a pawl lever as has been
shown and described in connection with the forms already set forth, it is likewise
possible to employ, in connection with the hammer slide, a supplemental action
lever F2 of the first order. vertically mounted conveniently against the opposite side
face of the frame plate from that against which the auxiliary action lever FX is
pivoted, and the lower extremity of which makes contact with a pin, roller, or other
lateral projection from the rear extremity of the action lever, which passes through a
roller slot at formed in the frame plate. The result of this construction is, the lower
extremities of the auxiliary and supplemental action levers being reversed, as shown
in the drawings, that upon the descent of the roller-provided inner end of the action
lever, the said lower extremities are spread apart and into the position shown in
Fig. 24, the upper extremities of both levers being caused to approach, with the result
than the hammer slide is forced inwardly to duty, and the pawl carrier and pawl
retracted from the rack. The return of the pawl carrier is, as in the other con-
structions, effected by the pawl carrier spring 92, while the return of the hammer
slide is, in like manner, effected by the application to said slide of a hammer spring g².
In this construction, the spacing is conveniently accomplished by providing a special
spacing key D, being a lever of the first order, the lower extremity of which is
rovided with a finger knob, and designated by the letter D', which is curved
backwardly and upwardly past its pivot do, and is then, as to its upper extremity,
pivotally connected with the rear extremity of the pawl carrier. By this application,
it is possible, the hammer slide and hammer remaining inert, to, by a depression of
the key, retract the pawl from the rack, and then, by releasing said key, to, un ler the
recoil of the pawl carrier spring, secure the feed of the pawl. In this construction,
there is also illustrated the application of a spiral spring d to effect the elevation
of the type key, as a substitute for the flat spring represented in the other
constructions.
In Figs. 25 and 26 is represented still another modification, in which the type keys,
instead of being formed as levers, are formed as direct acting slide bars D₁, housed,
for vertical movement, in suitable key rails d', forming part of the frame-work,
adapted to be maintained in their elevated position by spiral or other springs d',
applied as shown, and provided with rearwardly projecting fixed arms d³, adapted to
encounter key lugs d², formed respectively upon the heels of the position levers I¹,
and not upon the projecting arm or body of the type keys themselves. In this con-
struction, the encounter of the projecting arm of a type key is first with the incline d³
of the key lug, until, in the depression of the key, the arm has passed completely over
said incline, with the result of the deflection of the position lever, until its deflecting
plate has made contact with, and rotated the position plate upon the wheel shaft, and
second, with and downward along the straight face d of said lug, until, by the time
when such downward traverse has been completed, the body of the type key will have
descended upon, and depressed à heel plate 77, carried by the forward extremity of an
action lever of the first order, pivoted at f³ at the base of the machine, and by such
depression of said plate, will have occasioned the deflection of said action lever, with
the result that its body portion or rear extremity is elevated, and in its elevation will
be caused to deflect the swinging toe f*, which toe makes pivotal connection with the
pawl carrier Q, and by its own deflection under the lifting thrust of the action lever,
13

page_text: occasions the movement of said carrier and its pawl away from the rack of the platen
carrier. The entire construction is illustrated with a view to making apparent the
fact that the type keys which operate the position levers and the action lever, need
not necessarily themselves be levers, but may as well, and by the simplest modifications
obvious to any mechanic, be slide bars.
The machine shown in Figures 27 to 56, in which the deflecting plates are carried
by sliding travellers instead of levers, will now be described.
The framework of the machine consists of a bed or base plate A, and two end frame
plates A¹ A², located preferably at the extreme right hand end, and about mid-way
between the centre and the left hand end of said base plate, and connected in any
suitable manner.
and
The type wheel B, carrying the types 63, is mounted upon the wheel shaft b, which
extends longitudinally of the machine in a horizontal plane, and has its bearings in
the two frame plates. The keys are designated by the letters 1) to D10 inclusive. and
as they are all alike, a description of one will be sufficient. Key D¹, see Figures 28
and 29, consists of a flat bar, surmounted by the finger knob d. and mounted, for
vertical movement, in slots, ways, or bearings e, formed respectively in an upper
a lower key rail E Ex, which extend in parallel horizontal planes between the frame
plates A¹ A². The key rails are conveniently flat bars or plates of metal, pierced at
stated intervals by openings e for the type kevs, which are conveniently connected
with the frame plates by being respectively slipped into slots a formed in rail
plates ax, respectively socured against the inside faces of the frame plates. Each key
is formed with a cam surface or key cam d, preferably the inclined lower face of a
lug formed as a part of the key, and which projects from the front face or edge of the
key, and has a straight vertical upper face d³; and each key is also formed or provided
with a key lug d', projecting from its rear edge or face, and abutting against the
upper key rail, to limit the upward movement of the key, when returned by key
spring d2 The key lug also, in the last part of its downward movement, depresses a
horizontally extending bail f, common to all type keys, and rocks a hammer rock
shaft F, the outer left hand extremity of which carries a rocker toe f¹, which actuates
the hammer slide G. The bail may be stiff wire, parallel with the hammer rock shaft,
and springing from said shaft upon arms, or the outer edge of a plate radiating from
said shaft, as shown in Figure 56.
It being the office of a key, when depressed, to occasion, as stated, a given rotation
of the wheel shaft and type wheel, the rotation of the wheel shaft by a key is
accomplished by a sliding bar or traveller, a series of which, I to I³, corresponding
with the keys, are employed. These travellers are conveniently housed in slide
bearings in a pair of parallel traveller rails H and H*, which extend longitudinally
of the machine, and are conveniently connected with the frame plates by being
dropped into slots a' in rail plates a², connected with the inside faces of said frame
plates, but which of course may be otherwise secured.
The bearings for the travellers are conveniently formed by vertical slots h, hx, of the
width of the travellers, which latter are simply dropped into them, and held by keeper
plates, secured to the rear faces of the respective traveller rails, as shown in
Figures 27, 28, and 29.
The traveller I (see Figures 28 and 29) is provided, outside of the front edge of
the key, with a cam lug i, which, when the parts are at rest, lies in the angle where
the key cam vanishes into the lower shaft portion of the key, so that when the key is
depressed, the traveller is drawn forward from the position shown in Fig. 28, to that
shown in Fig. 29, compressing the traveller spring 2, between the front traveller
rail H and spring stop 3, this spring returning the traveller upon the ascent of
the key.
The advance of the traveller rotates the wheel shaft and type wheel by an angular
deflector *, moving with, and preferably formed on or carried by the traveller, which
engages the position plate 6*, carried by or formed on the wheel shaft, and turns it
until it comes to a close and firm bearing upon said plate, as shown in Figure 29.
All the travellers are of the same construction, except that the deflectors are of

page_text: different inclinations, so that each traveller positions the type wheel for the impression
of a certain type corresponding thereto.
If desired, the arrangement of the parts may be reversed, and the wheel shaft be
provided with a series of position plates set at different angles to the shaft, and all the
deflectors be of the same inclination to the line of movement of the travellers. Such
a construction is shown in Figure 52.
The desired rotation of the wheel shaft and type wheel may be accomplished by the
retreat, instead of by the advance of the travellers, by simply reversing the relative
positions of the deflectors and position plate and the direction of movement of the
travellers, and, if desired, two position plates and sets of travellers and keys may be
used, the travellers of the two sets moving in opposite directions, all as shown in
Figure 31.
The types preferably extend circumferentially over a segment of from 90 to
150 degrees, and therefore but a comparatively short rotation of the wheel will be
required to bring any particular type into position, so that the required inclinations
of the deflecting arms will be correspondingly small, as shown in Figures 38 to 47 of
the drawing, any number of inclinations intermediate of the extremes therein shown
being used.
The return of the type wheel to its position of rest is made either by loading the
wheel, or by applying, as shown in dotted lines on Figures 28 and 29, a spring pressed
haft returning plate B*, the spring of which is weak enough to be overcome by the
key action; or by applying, as shown in Fig. 27, a spiral spring 6' to the wheel
haft.
While the machine has been shown with the cam upon the key, a cam surface d*
may be formed upon the traveller, and encountered by the lower extremity of the key,
as shown in Figure 53, or, as shown in Figure 4, the key and traveller may be connected
by a loose crank or other lever connection. While, moreover, it is desirable to
employ independent springs, to return the key and traveller, it is apparent that the key
lug on the traveller, can, as shown in Figure 55, be engaged within a cam groove d
upon the key, so that the key spring will return both parts, a result which would
likewise of course be accomplished by a bell crank connection pivoted to both the key
and the traveller.
The types 62, carried by the rubber band 6 upon the type wheel, are forced from
within, radially outward against the platen C by the hammer connected with the
hammer slide G. the type being inked by inking pad K, or a ribbon, as preferred.
The hammer slide G is mounted in a slide bearing g¹ fixed against the outside face
of the left hand frame plate. The hammer g is, as shown, connected with the rear
end of said slide, while the front end of the side is formed with a cam surface, against
which impinges the rocker toe f¹ on the hammer rock shaft, whenever said shaft is
rocked by the encounter of a key lug d with its bail f. This endwise movement of
the wheel shaft and type wheel, for shifting from one circumferential row of type to
another, may conveniently be accomplished by two shifting keys JJx, mounted in the
key bank, each provided with a cam surface jjx adapted, on the depression of the
key, to engage against the side face of a lever 1., fulcrummed at 7, and bearing against
a lever collar & upon said shaft, and move the wheel shaft endiwise, compressing the
shaft spring 65 coiled about the shaft between the right hand frame plate, and the
collar upon said shaft, this spring returning the shaft upon the release of the key.
The platen carrier consists of a base bar M, having upright end arms m, and which is
mounted, for longitudinal travel in either direction, in the carrier way N.
The base bar M has, upon its front face, a rack m*, and its arms m are each
provided with a vertical slot m¹, to which are respectively adapted the respective
extremities ec of the platen C, which is preferably provided with angular top and
bottom edges e¹, c², between which its impression face is a flat surface.
The ends of the top and bottom edges of the platen are turned in, to form lags or
ears c*, which are perforated, and serve as the journal bearings for a tension roller c²
and feed roller c³, provided at one end with a line-feeding thumb knob co, and at the

page_text: other end with a gauge disc c³, the gutters c' of which are engaged by a lug cª on the
pring Fig. 51.
The pawl lever P is mounted upon a horizontal pivot p, its upper end bearing
against the hammer slide, and its lower extremity against the pawl carrier Q, which
slides in a bearing 9. The pawl O is pivotted to the pawl carrier by the pivot g', and
held against the face of the rack m* by a pawl spring Ox, and the carrier is spring
pressed by carrier spring between a shoulder 23 on the carrier, and a resisting
abutment on the frame plate.
The platen carrier may be returned, at the end of a line, by hand, the platen pawl
being first released from engagement with the platen carrier rack by the manual or
other sliding of a pawl lifter yoke R, Figures 32, 33, 34,-clamped about, but free to
side endwise on the carrier way N, from the position shown in Fig. 32 to that shown
in Figure 33, in which latter position it prevents the encounter of the pawl with the
rack.
Of course, if desired, other means than the foregoing for holding the pawl out
of engagement with the rack, and for returning the platen and platen carrier may
be used.
The type wheel is provided with a blank space, which is opposite the hammer in
the position of rest, and in order to effect spacing, a spacing key D*, shown in
Figures 27 and 29, is preferably used, projecting horizontally from the hammer rock
shaft, but other spacing devices may be used, the key shown in Figure 35, for instance,
which engages the bailf, but operates no traveller.
The machine shown in Figures 57 to 61, differs from that last described, chiefly in
the deflecting action of the keys directly upon the position plate or plates of the
wheel shaft, and the locking of the type wheel and shaft during the impression by
the movement of the key in engagement with, and parallel to the position plate or
plates.
The description heretofore given, therefore, will apply to the general construc-
tion of this machine, and only the parts embodying the modification need be
referred to..
The keys forming the deflectors may be of any required number, and are arranged
in two parallel rows. banks, or tiers, of which those in the front row are designated
by the letters D₁ to D8 inclusive, while those in the back row are designated by the
letters D° to 11 inclusive. The keys are formed of flat bars provided with finger
knobs, and are mounted, for vertical movement, in slots, ways, or bearings, e, formed
respectively in upper and lower key rails E E. Each key is provided with a key
lug d, which limits the upper movement of the key, and on its depression engages
and operates the bail ƒ on the hammer rock shaft, all as previously described.
of the keys of each tier are essential counterparts, their front and back edges being
straight, and parallel with each other, in order not only to secure their accurate
mounting with respect to their bearings, but also their accurate action with respect
to their respective position plates on the wheel shaft.
Ali
All
The wheel shaft is provided preferably with a series of position plaies *, set at
different angles to the shaft, and adjustably connected thereto by set screws 6°.
of these position plates are within the range of the movement of the keys which
respectively register with them, and present to the acting edge of the key, a broad
bearing surface, the edge, as the key is depressed, moving into contact with said plate,
and turning it until it comes to a close and firm bearing upon said plate, as shown in
Figure 59.
The position plates are preferably arranged in two series, corresponding respectively
with the two tiers of keys, the faces of the plates of the one series facing the rear
edges of the type keys of the front tier, while the faces of the plates of the other
series face the front edges of the keys of the hack tier. The plate engaging edges of
the keys being all as shown parallel, and those of each tier lying in the same vertical
plane, and none of the position plates being parallel to the keys in their normal
position, it is apparent that each key, in its descent, will encounter its own position

page_text: plate; will come to a bearing thereupon by deflecting said plate into parallelism with
its own plate striking edge, and consequently, cause the wheel shaft and type wheel
to rotate to position the type wheel, for the impression of the type corresponding to
the key.
It will, of course, be apparent, that it is not essential to the invention, that two
tiers of type keys be employed, for a machine may be organized with either either
one tier, or three or more tiers. Where, however, two tiers are employed. the
general trend of the position plates operative with the keys of the front tier, is such,
that when such keys are operated, forward rotation will be imparted, while the
general trend of the position plates operative with the keys of the rear tier is
such, that when such keys are depressed, ackward rotation of the wheel will
result.
The return of the type wheel to its normal position, may be accomplished by
loading the wheel, or by the use of other common devices, or, as shown in
Figure 61, by applying a spring pressed shaft-returning plate Bx, which is
mounted upon a stem B controlled by a weak spring B2, and housed like a type
key in bearings in the key rails, and engaging a supplemental position plate 13³
upon the shaft.
The hammer slide G and hammer 9 are moved forward or back by the pawl
lever P, pivoted to the slide by a lever pin p*, passing through an opening p³ in the
frame plate A', and is, at its upper end, encountered by the rocker toe of the hammer
rock shaft, whenever said shaft is rocked, either by the encounter of a key lug d¹ with its
bail, or by the depression of the spacing key D. The lower end of the pawl lever P,
bears against, or is connected to the pawl carrier Q, carrying pawl O, and operated
by the spring g² to advance the platen carrier, as in the constructions previously
referred to, the impression movement of the hammer withdrawing the pawl and
compressing the spring, and the recoil of the spring advancing the pawl and retracting
the hammer when the key is released.
As will be understood from a consideration of Figures 58 and 59, the hammer rock
shaft is not rotated for the operation of the bammer until after the lower extremity of
a type key has encountered, deflected, and, to a certain extent, slid past its position
plate, and that the movement of the key, after the type wheel has been positioned for
the corresponding type, is in engagement with, and parallel to the face of the position
plate.
The type wheel, therefore, is firmly locked in position by the key itself during the
impression movement of the hammer. Upon the release of the key, it is returned by
its key spring, and the hammer is returned, and the feed of the platen carrier effected
by the spring q², the wheel also being returned to its normal position by the shaft
returning plate.
:
The lateral shifting of the wheel for the different rows of type, accomplished in
this machine by the following means, although those previously described may be
used S, Figure 57, is a hollow sleeve snugly fitted and feathered upon the
wheel shaft, carrying the type wheel. This sleeve and the wheel are shifted
longitudinally of the shaft, against the pressure of spring 65 by the contact against
a lever collar, 4, on the inner end of the sleeve, of a shifting lever L, fulcrummed
against the inside of the frame plate A', and actuated by either of two shifting
keys J J, housed in the key rails, and having cam surfaces j jx of different
contour, as shown in Figures 58 and 60, which respectively effect lateral movements
of different length in said shifting lever, the sleeve and type wheel.
It will be understood that the movement in the machine last described, by which the
sliding key first deflects the position plate to position the type wheel, and then moves
onward in engagement with and parallel to the face of the position plate, thus locking
the type wheel, may be applied to the sliding travellers of the machine shown in
Figures 27 to 56. It is evident, also, that a machine may readily be constructed
in which a single position plate is used upon the wheel shaft, and the keys or travellers
are arranged to deflect it through different angles before it is brought into parallelism
therewith.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me from abroad, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a shaft, provided with one or more
position plates, a type wheel carried by said shaft, a series of deflectors, moving trans-
versely to, and rotating the shaft by engagement with the position plate or plates,
a series of keys operating said deflectors, and mechanism operated by the keys for
producing the impression without movement of the type wheel, substantially as
described.
2. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a shaft provided with one or
more position plates, a type-wheel carried by said shaft, a series of levers carrying
deflectors, moving transversely to, and rotating the shaft by engagement with the
position plate or plates, a series of keys operating said deflectors, and mechanism
operated by the keys for producing the impression without movement of the typo
wheel, substantially as described.
3. In a type writing machine, the combination of a shaft, provided with one or
more position plates, a type wheel carried by said shaft, a series of deflectors
moving transversely to, and rotating the shaft, by engagement with the position
plate or plates, a series of keys operating said deflectors, said keys having a further
movement independent of the type-wheel after the type wheel is positioned, and
impression mechanism operated by the further movement of the keys, substantially as
described.
4. In a type writing machine, the combination of a shaft provided with one or
more position plates, a type wheel carried by said shaft, a series of deflectors moving
transversely to, and rotating the shaft by engagement with the position plate or plates,
a series of keys operating said deflectors, said keys having a further movement
independent of the type wheel after the type wheel is positioned, and impression and
feeding mechanisms operated by the further movement of the keys, substantially
as described.
5. In a type writing machine, the combination of a shaft provided with one or
more position plates, a type wheel carried by said shaft, a series of deflectors moving
transversely to, and rotating the shaft by engagement with the position plate or
plates, a series of keys operating said deflectors, and a hammer operated by the
movement of the keys, substantially as described.
6. In a type writing machine, the combination of a shaft provided with one or
more position plates, a type wheel carried by said shaft, a series of deflectors moving
transversely to, and rotating the shaft by engagement with the position plate or
plates, a series of keys operating said deflectors, and a hammer and platen carrier
operated by the keys for producing the impression and advancing the paper,
substantially as described.
7. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a shaft provided with one or more
position plates, a type wheel on said shaft, provided with radially movable types, a
series of deflectors, moving transversely to, and rotating said shaft by engagement
with the position plate or plates, a series of keys operating said deflectors, and a
hammer and platen carrier operated by the keys for producing the impression and
feeding the paper, substantially as described.
8. In a type writing machine, the combination of a shaft, provided with one or
more position plates, a type wheel carried by said shaft, a series of deflectors rotating
said shaft by engagement with the position plate or plates, and a series of keys
operating said deflectors by cam surfaces, substantially as described.
9. In a type writing machine, the combination of a shaft, provided with one or
more position plates, a type wheel carried by said shaft, a series of deflectors rotating
said shaft by engagement with the position plate or plates, a series of keys operating
said deflectors, by cams having extended straight faces, and an impression mechanism
operated by the further movement of the keys, after the type wheel is positioned by
the deflectors, substantially as described.

page_text: 10. In a type writing machine, the combination of a shaft provided with one or
more position plates, a type wheel carried by said shaft, a series of deflectors rotating
said shaft by engagement with the position plate or plates, a series of keys provided
with operating cams, having extended straight faces, and impression mechanism
operated by the further movement of the keys after the type wheel is positioned by
the deflectors, substantially as described.
11. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a shaft provided with one or
more position plates, a type wheel carried by said shaft, a series of sliding deflectors
rotating said shaft, by engagement with the position plate or plates, and a series of
keys operating said sliding deflectors, substantially as described.
12. In a type writing machine, the combination of a type carrier, a shaft, by the
rotation of which the type carrier is positioned, provided with one or more position
plates extending on both sides of its axis, and a series of sliding members moving
transversely to and past said shaft, and rotating the same by engagement with the
position plate or plates, said position plate or plates being normally at an angle to
the line of movement of the sliding members, but parallel therewith, and with the
engaging surface of a sliding member, when the type carrier is positioned for the
impression of the corresponding type, substantially as described.
13. In a type writing machine, the combination of a type wheel, a shaft carrying
the type wheel, provided with one or more position plates, extending on both sides of
its axis, a series of sliding members moving transversely to and past said shaft, and
rotating the same by engagement with the position plate or plates, said position plate
or plates being normally at an angle to the line of movement of the sliding member:,
but parallel therewith, and with the engaging surfaces of a sliding member, when
the type carrier is positioned, for the impression of the corresponding type, and
impression mechanism operated by the further movement of the sliding members after
the type wheel is positioned, substantially as described.
14. In a type writing machine, the combination of a type wheel, a shaft carrying
the type wheel, and provided with one or more position plates extending on both sides
of the axis, a series of sliding members moving transversely to and past said shaft,
and rotating the same by engagement with the position plate or plates, said position
plate or plates being normally at an angle to the line of movement of the sliding
members, but parallel therewith, and with the engaging surface of a sliding member,
when the type carrier is positioned for the impression of the corresponding type, and
impression and feeding mechanisms, operated by the further movement of the sliding
members, after the type wheel is positioned, substantially as described.
15. In a type writing machine, the combination of a type wheel, a shaft carrying
the type wheel, and provided with one or more position plates, extending on both
sides of its axis, a series of sliding keys moving transversely to and past said shaft,
and rotating the same by engagement with the position plate or plates, said position
plate or plates being normally at an angle to the line of movement of the keys, but
parallel therewith, and with the engaging surfaces of the operating key, when the
ivpe wheel is positioned by the impression of the corresponding type, and an impres-
sion mechanism operated by the further movement of the key, substantially as described.
16. In a type writing machine, the combination of a type wheel, a shaft carrying
said type wheel, and provided with two series of position plates placed on opposite
sides of its axis, the plates of each series being set at varying angles to the shaft, and
two series of sliding keys moving transversely to and past said shaft, and rotating the
same by engagement with the position plates, said position plates being normally at
different angles to the line of movement of their respective keys, but parallel there-
with, and with the engaging surface of the operating key, when the type 'wheel is
positioned for the impression of the corresponding type, and impression mechanism
operated by the further movement of the key, substantially as described.
17. The combination of a shaft, a type wheel carried by said shaft, a series of
keys arranged in banks, and a series of defectors operated by the keys and rotating
the shaft, the deflectors corresponding to the different banks of keys moving in
opposite directions, substantially as described.

page_text: 18. The combination with a type wheel and its shaft, of a lever engaging said shaft,
one or more shifting keys having cams engaging and operating the lever to move
the shaft end wise and means for returning the shaft and lever to their normal positions,
substantially as described.
19. A platen for a type writing machine, consisting of a single plate of metal
having the surface C forming the platen proper, bent edges c' c², ears cx formed on
one or both of the bent edges, and tension and feeding devices supported in said ears,
substantially as described.
20. The combination with a platen carrier, consisting of the bar M. having slotted
arms m, of the platen consisting of the plate (, supported at its ends in said slots,
and having its edges inside the ends bent in the saine direction, and provided with
ears cx and tension and feeding devices supported in said ears. substantially as
described.
21. In a type writing machine, the combination of a sliding hammer operated by
keys, a pawl carrier retracted by the hammer during the impression movement of
the latter, a feed rack engaged by the pawl, and a spring put under tension by
the movement of the hammer, and operating to return the hammer to its normal
position and actuate the pawl carrier, substantially as described.
22. In a type writing machine, the combination of a series of keys, a sliding
hammer, a pawl and pawl carrier, a lever connecting said hammer and pawl carrier,
and operating mechanism actuated by the keys, and connected to one of the members,
substantially as described.
23. The combination with a series of keys, of a pawl carrier and a feeding rack
engaged by the pawl, hammer slide G having a cam surface, connections between
the pawl carrier and hammer slide, hammer rock shaft F, operated by the keys, and
provided with a rocker toe, engaging the cam surface of slide G, and a spring acting
to return the slide G and advance the pawl carrier, substantially as described.
24. In a type writing machine, the combination with a type carrier of a series of
sliding members, positioning the type carrier for the operation of the desired type,
and a series of keys engaging and operating the sliding members by closed cams,
substantially as described.
25. The combination with type wheel B, having shaft provided with one or
more position plates, of a series of levers, as I', carrying deflectors engaging said
position plate or plates, and a series of keys, as D', operating said levers by cams d³,
substantially as described.
26. The combination with type wheel B, having shaft b, provided with one or
more position plates, of a series of levers, as I', carrying deflectors engaging said
position plate or plates, and a series of keys, as D1, provided with cams d³, engaging
and operating said levers, and with extended straight faces d, engaging said levers,
for locking the type wheel and shaft during the impression movement, substantially
as described.
27. The combination with type wheel B, having shaft 6 provided with one or more
position plates, of a series of levers, as I', carrying deflectors engaging said position
plate or plates, and a series of keys, as D', provided with cams ³, engaging and
operating said levers, and with extended straight faces d, an action lever, as F,
operated by the movement of the keys, with the faces d in engagement with the levers,
and impression and feeding mechanisms operated by the action lever, substantially as
described.
28. The combination with type wheel B, having shaft b, provided with one or more
position plates, of a series of levers, as I', carrying deflectors engaging said position
plate or plates, and a series of keys, as D', provided with cams d³ engaging and
operating said levers, and with extended straight faces d, an action lever, as F,
operated by the movement of the keys, with the faces d'in engagement with the
levers, and a hammer and platen carrier operated by said action lever for producing
the impression and advancing the paper, substantially as described.
29. A type wheel shaft provided with a series of adjustable position plates, sub-
stantially as described.

page_text: 30. The shaft b, provided with one or more position plates 6x, having beut edges
substantially as described.
Dated this 92nd day of November 1800
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.