IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING MACHINES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Frazer, of the City Saw Mills, Norwich,.
in the County of Norfolk, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING
MACHINES."
Sealed the 21st November 1865, and dated the 27th May 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Frazer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
May 1865.
I, CHARLES FRAZER, of the City Saw Mills, Norwich, in the County of
Norfolk, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SAWING MACHINES," to be as follows :-
My Invention has for its object the adaptation of the mechanism in sawing.
machines for working at high speeds. For this purpose a pair of saw frames
are connected near together by means of connecting rods with a double crank
fixed on the ordinary driving shaft in such a manner that when by the revo-
lution of the shaft the one frame is carried to the end of its upward motion,
the other frame is carried to the end of its downward motion. These two
frames carrying vertical saws are divided only by a fixed central partition
between them, and are moved up and down between such partition and the

page_text: sides of the machine by the revolution of the double crank, and there is a
double fence extending a sufficient distance on each side of the fixed central
partition or guide for the purpose of guiding the planks or deals through the
machine as required. The double fence is furnished with friction rollers,
which are adjusted so as to be capable of acting as guides to the upper and
lower parts of the planks or deals under operation, the centre parts of the
same being acted upon by fluted feeding rollers, by which means the incon-
venience arising from the unevenness of the sides of the planks or deals is
obviated. The said friction rollers are adjusted by means of sliding carriers
applied to the outsides of the double fence and moved as required by means
of screws or otherwise. The apparatus for working the feeding rollers is set
in motion by means of a vertical disc on the driving shaft acting by surface
contact on the periphery of a horizontal disc on a vertical shaft, from which a
smooth continuous motion is imparted by suitable gearing to both of the feed
rollers simultaneously. But the said apparatus for working the feed rollers
forms no part of my present Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Frazer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
November 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
FRAZER, of the City Saw Mills, Norwich, in the County of Norfolk, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Charles Frazer, Her special licence that I, the said Charles Frazer, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles
Frazer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING MACHINES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles Frazer, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain

page_text: the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Frazer, do hereby declare the
naturo of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and
figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
:-
My Invention of "Improvements in Sawing Machines" has for its object
the adaptation of the mechanism therein for working at high speeds. For
this purpose a pair of saw frames are connected near together by means of
connecting rods with a double crank fixed on the ordinary driving shaft in
such a manner that when by the revolution of the shaft the one frame is
carried to the end of its upward motion, the other frame is carried to the end
of its downward motion. These two frames carrying vertical saws are divided
only by a fixed central partition between them, and are moved up and down
between such partition and the sides of the machine by the revolution of the
double crank, and there is a double fence extending a sufficient distance on
each side of the fixed central partition for the purpose of guiding the planks
or deals through the machine as required. The double fence is furnished
with upper and lower friction rollers, the upper rollers of which are adjusted
so as to be capable of acting as guides to the upper parts of planks or deals of
varying depth while under operation, the centre parts of such planks or deals
on the opposite side thereof being acted upon by fluted feeding rollers. By
means of the said upper and lower friction rollers the upper and lower parts
of the planks or deals are guided as required, and the inconvenience arising
from any unevenness in the sides of the planks or deals is obviated. The said
upper friction rollers are adjusted by means of sliding carriers applied to the
outer sides of the double fence, and moved as required by means of racks and
pinions, screws, or other raising and lowering mechanism. The apparatus
for working the feeding rollers is set in motion by means of a vertical disc on.
the driving shaft, acting by surface contact on the periphery of a horizontal disc
on a vertical shaft, from which a smooth continuous motion is imparted through
suitable gearing to both of the feeding rollers simultaneously. But the said
apparatus for working the feeding rollers forms no part of my present
Invention.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed to
describe more particularly in what manner the same is to be performed by

page_text: reference to the accompanying Drawings, in which is represented a sawing
machine constructed in the manner referred to.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the machine, in
both which Figures the same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
A, A, is the frame or standards of the machine; B is the ordinary driving
shaft in which is fixed the double crank C. The two parts or members of
this crank are respectively connected by means of the connecting rods D and
D*, with the two saw frames E and E, so that on the revolution of the
crank with the shaft B, when the frame E is carried to the end of its upward
motion, the frame E* will be carried to the end of its downward motion, as
shewn in Fig. 2, and vice versa. In Fig. 1 the crank is shewn as in its midway
position. F is a bar inserted in the frame E, to which the saws (not shewn
in the Drawing) are intended to be fixed at the bottom, being also fixed at
the top of the frame in the usual manner. F* is a similar bar in the frame E*.
The two reciprocating frames E and E* are fitted near together with a fixed
central partition G between them, and they are moved up and down by the
revolution of the crank C in fixed guides H. H, between such central partitioni
(from which they are equidistant) and the side standards of the machine. I
is a double fence suitably fixed between the two reciprocating frames, which
fence is formed so as to admit of its carrying friction rollers J, J, adapted for
guiding the upper and lower parts of the planks or deals K, K, as they are
fed through the frames E and E* by the ordinary fluted feeding rollers L, L.
The upper roller J for guiding the upper part of each plank or deal is adjust-
able to suit the varying depths of planks or deals required to be cut.
this purpose the said roller is mounted in a sliding carrier L inserted in the
fence, which sliding carrier is capable of being moved up and down and fixed
at its required elevation in the fence by means of a rack M, acted upon by a
pinion turned by the handle m, such pinion being retained as required by a
pall and ratchet wheel as shewn. By means of this arrangement the upper
and lower parts of the planks or deals, of whatever depth they may be, are
always kept in contact with the upper and lower friction rollers J, J, by the
pressure of the ordinary fluted feeding rollers L, L, on the opposite sides of
the planks or deals as they are passed through the machine.
the upper and lower parts alone of the planks or deals in
upper and lower friction rollers, the tendency of the usual irregularities of
form in the vertical sides of the planks or deals to produce inequalities in
the cutting of the same is obviated. N is a vertical disc fixed on the driving
For
By thus keeping
contact with the

page_text: shaft B, which by the revolution of the shaft is caused to drive by surface
contact the horizontal disc O fixed on the vertical shaft P. On this shaft P
is fixed a worm Q, which by gearing with the worm wheel R gives motion to
the horizontal shaft S, on which are fixed two bevel wheels T, T, gearing with
two similar wheels U, U, on the vertical shafts V, V, thereby giving motion
simultaneously to both of such shafts and to the feeding rollers L, L, fixed
thereon. The speed at which the feeding rollers are driven by the foregoing
arrangement of mechanism is regulated by the position of the horizontal
disc O on the face of the vertical disc N, which position can be readily
adjusted by means of the rod W. At X is shewn the ordinary mechanism
for regulating the pressure of the feeding rollers L, L, on the planks or deals.
At Y, (Fig. 1.) is shewn a friction roller adapted for pressing on the upper
surface of the plank or deal with the ordinary mechanism for adjusting such
roller as required. The other parts of the sawing machine represented in the
Figures are too well known to require description.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that what I claim as
of my Invention is,-
First, the construction of sawing machines with two saw frames arranged
as represented and described, and worked by a double crank on the driving
shaft for the purpose of facilitating the working of the frames at increased
speeds.
And, secondly, the use of a double fence with friction rollers for guiding the
upper and lower parts of the planks or deals, the upper rollers being
adjustable to suit the varying depths of planks or deals as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Frazer, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Sixteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
ALEX. CLAXTON,
Norwich,
Commercial Clerk.
CHARLES FRAZER.
(L.S.)