IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FILTERING OR PRESSING SEMI-FLUIDS AND OTHER MATTER
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Needham, James Kite, and James Kite, secundus,
all of Vauxhall, in the County of Surrey, Engineers, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FILTERING OR PRESSING
SEMI-FLUIDS AND OTHER MATTER."
Sealed the 4th January 1878, and dated the 7th November 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Needham, James
Kite, and James Kite, secundus, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 7th November 1877.
WILLIAM NEEDHAM, JAMES KITE, and JAMES KITE, secundus, all of Vauxhall, in
the County of Surrey, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR FILTERING OR PRESSING SEMI-FLUIDS AND OTHER MATTER."
Our Invention relates to a means of applying heat or cold to semi-fluids or other
matters under treatment, in a press or filtering apparatus at the time of filtration.
On either side of the supply chambers of a filtering press we have hollow frames
or jackets, so constructed that a refrigerating fluid can have free circulation through
the hollow frames or jackets.
When heat is required a hot fluid, steam, or hot air is circulating through the
hollow frames or jackets.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Needham, James Kite, and James Kite, secundus, in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th May 1878.
WILLIAM NEEDHAM, JAMES KITE, and JAMES KITE, secundus, all of Vauxhall, in
the County of Surrey, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR FILTERING OR PRESSING SEMI-FLUIDS AND OTHER MATTER."
Our Invention relates to a means of applying a high or a low temperature to
semi-fluids or other matters under treatment, in a press or filtering apparatus at
the time of filtration.
The means which we adopt is that of circulating heat or cold within the press or
filtering apparatus in hollow frames or jackets, or in tubes, in such a manner that,
however numerous may be the filtering chambers, the matter under filtration may
be maintained at the same temperature in each chamber or compartment throughout
the entire press or filtering apparatus.
Amongst the numerous matters which it has long been desired to filter or press
at certain temperatures, we may mention varnish and glue, and more particularly
oils and fatty matters, the issue of which from the filtering press free from stearine
is to be secured only by filtration within certain degrees of temperature.
After many experiments the method of applying our Invention, to whichwe giye
preference, is that which we will now proceed to describe, reference being had to
the accompanying Sheets of Drawing, and to the figures and letters of reference
placed thereon; similar letters of reference being placed upon and denoting similar
parts in each of the Figures respectively.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, illustrates a side elevation of a press when closed and ready
for working; Figure 2 is an end or front elevation of the same, Figure 3 being a
longitudinal section through the above.
Figure 4 is a transverse or cross section.
Figure 5 represents a section through one pair of slabs or plates, shewing the
construction of the channel or passage for the refrigerating liquor to flow through.
Figures 6 and 7 illustrate the various details drawn to an enlarged scale.
Figure 1, Sheet 2, represents a general plan of the press, as seen from above;
Figure 2, a sectional plan of the same, A being the front or head plate; B is the
back or end plate; C, C, side frames or bearers; D, D, standards for carrying
same; E, trough; F, F, tie rods; G, hand wheel for working plate B; H, H,
hollow slabs or plates secured together in pairs, within which a passage or
channel K, K, is formed by means of the fillets or facings x, x, for the refri-
gerating liquor to pass through, the outer faces I, I, being ribbed to form
filtering chambers; L, L, lugs for bolting plates together; M, ports leading
from one chamber to another; N, back valves to divert the flow of the liquor;
O, O, pasages leading from the filtering chambers I, I, to the outlet T; P
coupling forming passage for liquor, and for securing filtering cloths; Q, inlet for
liquor to be filtered; R, outlet for same; S, inlet for steam or hot or cold water for
washing to filtering chambers I, I; T, outlet for bright liquor; U, inlet for refri-
gerating liquor; V, outlet for refrigerating liquor; W, W, drain cocks, also for
the purpose of opening the back valves N by means of a rod before opening the
press; X, upper passage; Y, lower passage.
In Figures 3 and 4, Sheet 1, and Figure 2, Sheet 2, the passage of the refri-
gerating or heating liquid through the press is indicated by the direction of the
arrows.
The liquor entering at U passes through the passage X into and down the first
refrigerating chamber through the channels K, K, K, to the bottom passage Y,
whence it is diverted in an upward direction, and through the second refrigerating
chamber by means of the back valve N, and so on.
We would here observe that although, as aforesaid, we give preference to the

page_text: arrangements above described, and shown on the Drawings, for attemperating the
matter under filtration, we may, nevertheless, bring heat or cold to bear upon
matters while under filtration in filtering presses or apparatuses otherwise arranged,
for example, in lieu of forming refrigerating or heating chambers by recessing the
backs of the filtering slabs, we might place a worm or a series of tubes or a hollow
chamber within the actual filtering chamber, connecting these worms, tubes, or
chambers in any convenient way, so that the heating or cooling medium may
maintain an uniform temperature throughout the press, as with the arrangement
shown on the Drawing.
For refrigerating we use any suitable uncongealable fluid or matter, such as
glycerine; and for heating we use steam, hot air, hot water, or any suitable heating
medium.
We need scarce observe that we do not in the press we have shown on the
Drawing confine ourselves to any of the precise details, dimensions, or shape of the
several parts, as such may be greatly varied, while retaining all its distinctive
features.
And having now described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is or may be carried into effect, what we claim as secured
to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
Firstly. The circulation of heat or cold within a filtering press or apparatus, so
as to act uniformly throughout the whole of the matter subject to filtration at the
time of filtration, substantially as herein-before set forth.
Secondly. In a filtering press the use of slabs or plates having one face forming
part of the filtering chamber, and the other of the cooling or heating chamber in
combination, substantially as herein-before described, and shewn in the accom-
panying Sheets of Drawing.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Needham, James Kite, and James
Kite, secundus, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Third day of
May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
eight.
WILLIAM NEEDHAM.
(L.S.)
JAMES KITE.
(L.S.)
JAMES KITE, SECUNDUS.
(L.S.)