IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RULING LINES ON PAPER AND OTHER FLAT SURFACES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Heyer, of Leather Lane, London, Manufacturer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RULING LINES ON
PAPER AND OTHER FLAT SURFACES."
Sealed the 1st September 1877, and dated the 6th March 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Heyer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th March 1877.
HENRY HEYER, of Leather Lane, London, Manufacturer
APPARATUS FOR RULING LINES ON PAPER AND OTHER FLAT SURFACES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
"
This Invention relates to an improved ruler to be used for ruling lines upon paper or
other flat surface; it is so constructed that when in use it is not possible to blot
the paper, and it is also more convenient to use than the ordinary rulers. It
consists mainly of two parts, viz., a roller or ruler, and a cover or dome which
nearly encases the roller from end to end; the roller is similar to the ruler in
ordinary use (round or otherwise), furnished with a pivot or pin at each end to
revolve on; the cover or dome is a bar of wood or other suitable material of a
triangular or any other shape useful for different ruling, into one side of which a
hollow groove is cut nearly as deep as the thickness of the roller, and furnished with
suitable bearings to hold the pivot or pin of the roller so as to allow the roller to be
freely turned.
In use the instrument is to be placed with the roller underneath, that is to say,
on the surface to be ruled, and the edge of the outer casing, cover, or dome is to be
used as the ruling line or edge; it will thus be seen that as the instrument is caused
to travel the edge used for ruling cannot come into contact with the paper or
surface, and also can rule with more correctness and greater facility than the
ordinary ruler.

page_text: -SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Heyer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th September
1877.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
HENRY HEYER, of Leather Lane, London, Manufacturer.
APPARATUS FOR RULING LINES ON PAPER AND OTHER FLAT SURFACES."
And in order that my said Invention of "Improvements in Apparatus for Ruling
Lines on Paper and other Flat Surfaces" may be properly understood and readily
carried into practical effect, I will now proceed to describe the same more par-
ticularly, reference being had to the accompanying Drawing and to the letters and
figures marked thereon, that is to say,-
Figure 1 on the Drawing referred to represents the ruler as seen from one
extremity, and Figure 2 is a plan of the same showing the under side.
The outer portion A of the ruler upon which the hand rests when guiding the
instrument is made of wood, metal, or other suitable material. By preference it is
made of a curved form externally, as shewn in Figure 1, but this part may be shaped
to a triangular or other convenient figure. The under part of the external casing A.
is hollowed out so as to form a concave recess, in which the roller B is fitted and
rotates. The roller is held in position by end pivots, which pass through and
rotate freely in the metal caps C, which are screwed or otherwise affixed to the
outer part A. The roller B is fitted in the recess in the part A, so that its periphery
projects to a small extent beyond the recess in A. Thus when the ruler is placed
on the surface to be marked and the pressure of the user's hand is kept towards the
back of the ruler, its front edge is tilted and entirely free from contact with the
paper or other surface. In this position the pen or other marking instrument moves
with the utmost freedom and facility, and it is not possible to blot or otherwise
⚫ disfigure the paper or other surface beneath. By these means the operation of
ruling lines or forming right lined figures is effected with ease and rapidity.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is or may be carried into practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I do
not confine myself to any particular shape or figure of the external portion of my
improved apparatus for ruling lines, but what I do claim under the herein-before in
part recited Letters Patent is, the combination of a roller partially sunk or recessed
within an external casing, substantially in the manner herein-before described and
delineated in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Heyer, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Sixth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
Savant savon
HENRY HEYER. (L.S.)