AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF RAILWAY CARRIAGE WHEELS
Year: 1871

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical
Draughtsman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF
RAILWAY CARRIAGE WHEELS."-A communication from abroad by
Richard Norton Allen and Lorenzo Willard Kimball, both of
Pittsford, in the State of Vermont, and William Henry Mallory
and Edwin Langdon Butterfield, both of the City and State of New
York, United States of America.
Sealed the 7th November 1871, and dated the 22nd May 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,.
on the 22nd May 1871.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE
OF RAILWAY CARRIAGE WHEELS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to render railway wheel's more durable
and elastic than any now in use. To this end the body of the wheel

page_text: is formed hollow or of two metallic discs, one of which may be cast with
the hub of the wheel, while the other disc (which is detachable) fits on
to the hub, and the two are held together by means of screw bolts, and
thereby caused to grip and hold fast between their edges the steel or
other tire. The hollow wheel thus far formed is rendered solid by a
packing of paper or paper pulp, the same being moulded and solidified
by pressure before being applied to the wheel. The periphery of the
packing is made slightly conical, and the inner periphery of the tire
is made to correspond thereto, that it may fit tightly on the paper
packing. When the detachable disc is put in place and secured by the
screw bolts, the tyre will be held firmly in position, and the jarring and
blows to which it will be exposed will be neutralized and deadened by
the action of the packing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd November 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special
licence that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alfred Vincent
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF RAILWAY CARRIAGE WHEELS," being a com-
munication to me from abroad by Richard Norton Allen and Lorenzo
Willard Kimball, both of Pittsford, in the State of Vermont, and
William Henry Mallory and Edwin Langdon Butterfield, both of the

page_text: City and State of New York, United States OI America, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that
is to say) :-
This Invention relates to improvements in railway carriage wheels
designed to render the same more durable and elastic than any wheels
now in usc. It consists in the production of wheels composed of
metal and paper or paper pulp, as herein-after more fully specified.
Cast-metal wheels made of both iron and steel are found to be too rigid
and unyielding to stand the shocks and jars to which they are subjected
and last as long as required for economy, or to preserve the necessary
ease and steadiness for the carriages which they support. To meet these
difficulties wheels have been made partly of wood and partly of metal,
also with india-rubber packing between the body and the tire. The
wood filling is found to be very objectionable in consequence of its
variation in size by atmospheric changes. Experiment has however
shewn that railway wheels constructed partly of metal and partly of
paper give very much better results both as to elasticity and durability,
the paper being solidified by pressure and united in a mass by adhesive
substances as now commonly practised in the papier maché trade.
The accompanying Drawing shews in cross section a railway carriage
wheel constructed according to the present Invention; A, being a
shell of any preferred metal and form with an interior filling of paper B.
In this instance C, C, represent two metallic discs or side pieces; D the
nave of the wheel, and E the tie between which the paper filling B
is securely clamped by the bolts F, and to facilitate the tightening of
the tire upon the paper filling the face of the paper filling is made
conical, and the interior of the tire is shaped to correspond therewith

page_text: so that the parts will wedge tightly together when the side plates are
clamped up to the tyre and the paper filling B.
I would remark that it is not intended to limit the Invention to any
particular details of construction or arrangement of these wheels, as
various plans may be adopted which will be equally effective.
And I would further state that it is not necessary in carrying out the
Invention to obtain the required thickness of filling by uniting sheets of
paper, as it will answer a good purpose to form the pulp or half stuff
used in the manufacture of paper into a single mass of the required
thickness by pressing and shaping the same in moulds.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "An Improved
Manufacture of Railway Carriage Wheels," as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondents, and explained the manner of carrying the
same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above in part
recited Letters Patent I claim manufacturing railway carriage wheels
of metal and paper or paper pulp in the manner and for the purpose
above described.
In witness whereof, I the said Alfred Vincent Newton have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-second day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one.