AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CALLED ROLLS FOR ROLLING IRON OR OTHER METALS, APPLICABLE TO RAILS FOR ROADS AND BARS OF VARIOUS SHAPES FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1837

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
JOSEPH FREEMAN, of Frederick's Place, Upper Kennington Lane, in the
County of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS His late most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing, date
at Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of May, in the seventh year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,. the
said Charles Joseph Freeman, His especial license, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said Charles Joseph Freeman, my exors, adiñors,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles Joseph Freeman, my
exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CALLED ROLLS FOR
ROLLING IRON OR OTHER METALS, APPLICABLE TO RAILS FOR ROADS AND BARS
OF VARIOUS SHAPES FOR OTHER PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso that I, the said Charles Joseph Freeman, shall cause
a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately

page_text: after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as. in and by
the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Joseph Freeman, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say-
According to the ordinary construction of rolls for rolling iron and other
metals, it is not possible to obtain bars or surfaces of equal dimensions for
any length of time; the bars or surfaces produced by such rolls progressively
encrease in dimensions as the grooves of the rollers wear by use. And it is
well known that it is highly desirable in the rolling of iron and other metal
bars and surfaces (for a great variety of purposes, particularly for railways,
wheel tyre iron, and other objects) to obtain a succession of surfaces of the
same guage. Now the object of my Invention is the construction of rolls
in such manner that the parts or working surfaces thereof may with facility
be so relatively set up to each other as they become worn that they may be
continually brought up to produce bars or surfaces in continued succession
more equal the one to the other, and more correctly to guage than when
produced by means of rolls of the ordinary structure, which latter, as they
become worn, produce, as above mentioned, bars of increasing dimensions. And
in order that my Invention may be most fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will describe the Drawings hereunto annexed, which represent
constructions of rollers for producing various figures of bars, by the aid of
which Drawing, together with the following description, a workman will readily
be enabled to make rolls according to my Invention to suit the particular
object he has in view.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
In the first place a solid cast-iron form is to be made similar to

page_text: Figure 2 shews the parts in a condition to be fastened together in order
to produce the roller Figure 3 by the bolts B. An expanding wedge is then
to be put on in halves, as shewn in Figure 4, to fill up (by expansion) the space
which will be made by the wear and adjustment of the grooves A,.A, and thus
produce the roll Eigure 4 complete for use. When these rolls require altera-
tion the collars must be slided back, their sides turned level, and brought
again to form the same dimensions, and by cutting or turning away from the
sides of the lower steps C as much metal as the upper steps have lost by
wear. In constructing the upper roll for flat bars or railroad bars, the same
is to be formed of two cylindrical rings D, E, capable of movement on the
axis F, which is to have a projecting ridge or rib. This rib is to be reduced
so as to allow the cylinders to be moved towards the centre, as the adjustment
in the lower rolls may require, as is clearly shewn at Figure 5. In place of
the ridge a wedge may be employed to allow of the cylinders coming more
together as the working surfaces of the under rolls wear, and consequently
require an adjustment of the upper roll, and Figure 6 shews the upper and
under rollers together, by which the mode of obtaining adjustment to each
as they wear will readily be seen. In making rolls for square and round iron,
the two rolls are formed both alike in their various parts, see Figures 7 and 8.
The one half of the grooves are cut out of the solid cutting, the other out of
the moveable collars, and the same are to be fastened with screw bolts and
wedges, as explained in respect to a lower roll for flat bars in Figures 1, 2, 3,
4, and 6.
Figure 9 shews a pair of rolls for making bars for edge railways.
a is a' screw
Figure 10 shews the adjusting wedges to be placed in the rolls in order to
follow up the movement of the collars as the faces become worn.
and nut that is placed in the opening of the end or enlarged parts of the
inclined wedges b, in order to press up the wedges against the cast collars on
the cylinder or casting, Figure 1, the part c being the fixed collar, and forming
part of the casting, Figure 1, as is shewn in the Drawing, the wedges & being
put on in two halves.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and shewn suitable
arrangements for producing various forms of bars or surfaces, I would remark
that it will be evident that variations of such forms may be made, provided
the grooves on the rollers be suitably formed. I would therefore have it
understood that my Invention does not relate to the figure of the bars or
surfaces produced, but to the modes of combining of the rolls, in order that
they may be again and again adjusted to produce the same guage or figure
of bar, notwithstanding the progressive wear consequent on using the rolls, and

page_text: which, according to the ordinary construction of rollers for rolling iron, could
not be accomplished at all. And I would have it understood that what I
claim as my Invention is,--
First, the mode of constructing rolls for rolling iron and other metals by first
forming the part Figure 1 with fixed collars at the end, as shewn at F, F,
and then casting on the collars W, which when cold will become moveable,
and be capable of sliding on the part Figure 1, and by bolts and wedges be
made sufficiently secure, as described and shewn in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, and 9. And,
Secondly, I claim the mode of applying moving collars or cylinders on suit-
able axes secured by cotters and keys passing through the axis, whether the
moveable collars are cast on to the axis or the axes made suitable for sliding on
such moveable collars on their ends, such combination being added by screws
and nuts, as shewn in Figures 2 and 3.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Joseph Freeman, have hereunto 1
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven.