An Improvement in Water-tube Boilers.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 19th July, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 19th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 17th June, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Water-tube Boilers.
I, JAMES ANDREWS, of 8 Storey Square Barrow-in-Furness in the County of
Lancaster, Draughtsman do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
I
My invention relates to a comparatively simple form of water-tube boiler.
provide three water chambers at some distance apart with one furnace and flame
space in each division between them; and above these I provide three chambers
for water and steam, one of which is preferably larger and may be placed between
the other two chambers.
These
The two smaller water and steam chambers are situated at the apex of two
triangles, having the lower chambers at the extremities of their bases; the middle
or intermediate lower water chamber being at the junction of the extremities of
both triangles. The two bottom water chambers furthest apart are preferably
semi-cylindrical in form, having their flat sides inclined towards one another;
while the intermediate bottom water chamber is preferably in the form of a sector
of a circle. The flat sides of all the lower chambers are perforated with holes to
admit tubes, and the semi-circular or curved sides in each case forming the cover.
Of the upper water and steam chambers, the middle or larger one may be
cylindrical in form, while the other two are preferably formed of three flat, or
approximately flat, sides and one curved side, the latter forming the cover.
two latter chambers have one or more holes cut in their side adjacent to the middle
or larger water and steam chambers; the middle chamber having likewise one or
more holes cut in each side corresponding with the holes in the side chambers;
and between these chambers on each side I fix a pipe or pipes with flanges or
other suitable means; thereby putting the side chambers in communication with
the middle chamber. The remaining two flat sides of the upper water and steam
chambers, on each side of the middle chamber, lie parallel, or nearly so, to the flat,
side or sides of the lower water chambers and are perforated with holes for tubes,
corresponding with those of the tube plates below. Between these upper and lower
chambers I fix a number of straight or approximately straight tubes which lie at
an angle; all those on one side of the flame spaces being parallel, or nearly so to
one another and all those on the other side of the flame spaces being parallel or.
nearly so to one another. I secure the tubes in the usual way either by screwing
or expanding their ends into the holes.
In one or both ends of the lower water chambers I cut holes and between these I
fix tubes or pipes lying horizontally, or nearly so; thereby putting the side.
In these tubes or
chambers in communication with the intermediate chamber.
pipes and in the upper chambers I also cut holes and between these 1 fix tubes or
pipes thereby putting the horizontal tubes or pipes in communication with the
upper chambers. I enclose the boiler within a suitable caseing containing the furnaces
in its lower part and leading to a chimney above so that the products of combustion
pass through the spaces between the tubes on each side on their way from the fires
to the chimney. It may be of advantage to introduce a partition of suitable
material between the two furnaces, thereby keeping the products of combustion
separate until they pass the upper steam and water chambers.
The boiler is here described as having two furnaces and flame spaces with three
lower water chambers and three upper water and steam chambers connected by
tubes and pipes; but it is obvious that each furnace and flame space may be divided
by a partition thus making four furnaces and flame spaces; and allowing the

page_text: products of combustion to pass through the tubes on one side only. Or again, I
may provide four or more lower water chambers with one or two furnaces and flame
spaces in each division between them, and three or more upper water and steam
chambers connected by tubes and pipes in a somewhat similar manner to that
previously described.
DL: 10. 1
1 LL 1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Water-tube Boilers.
1, JAMES ANDREWS, of 8, Storey Square, Barrow-in-Furness, in the County of
Lancaster, Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a comparatively simple form of water tube boiler. I
provide three water chambers at some distance apart with one furnace and flame
space in each division between them; and, above these I provide three chambers
for water and steam, one of which is preferably larger and may be placed between
the other two chambers. The two smaller chambers are situated at the apex of
two triangles having the lower chambers at the extremities of their bases, the
middle or intermediate lower water chamber being at the junction of the extremities
of both triangles.
The two bottom water chambers furthest apart are preferably semi-cylindrical
in form, having their flat sides inclined towards one another; while the intermediate
bottom water chamber is preferably in the form of a sector of a circle. The flat
sides of all the lower chambers are perforated with holes to admit tubes and the
semi-circular or curved sides in each case forming the cover.
Of the upper water and steam chambers the middle or larger one may be
cylindrical in form while the other two are preferably formed of three flat, or
approximately flat, sides and one curved side, the latter forming the cover. These
two latter chambers have one or more holes cut in their side adjacent to the
middle or larger water and steam chamber, the middle chamber having likewise
one or more holes cut in each side corresponding with the holes in the side
chambers, and between these chambers ou each side 1 fix a pipe or pipes with
flanges or other suitable means, thereby putting the side chambers in communi-
cation with the middle chamber. The remaining two flat sides of the upper water
and steam chambers, on each side of the middle chamber, lie parallel, or nearly so,
to the flat side or sides of the lower water chambers and are perforated with
holes for tubes corresponding with those of the tube plates below. Between these
upper and lower chambers I fix a number of straight, or approximately straight
tubes which lie at an angle; all those on one side of the flame spaces being
parallel or nearly so to one another and all those on the other side of the flame
spaces being parallel or nearly so to one another. Isecure the tubes in the usual
way either by screwing or expanding their ends into the holes.
In one or both ends of the lower water chambers I cut holes and between these I
fix tubes or pipes lying horizontally or nearly so, thereby putting the side chambers
in communication with the intermediate chamber. In these tubes or pipes and in
the upper chambers I also cut holes and between these I fix tubes or pipes thereby
putting the horizontal tubes or pipes in communication with the upper chambers.
I enclose the boiler within a suitable casing containing the furnaces in its lower
part and leading to a chimney above or at the end so that the products of com-
bustion pass through the spaces between the tubes on each side on their way from
the fire to the chimney.
It may be of advantage to introduce a partition of suitable material between the

page_text: furnaces and flame spaces; aud allowing the products of combustion to pass through
vaca by a partition thus making four
the tubes on one side only. Or again
chambers with one or two furnaces and flame spaces in each division between them,
may provide four or more lower water
and three or more upper water and steam chambers connected by tubes and pipes
in a somewhat similar manner to that previously described.
In order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed, aided by the accompanying drawings, more fully
to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1, is a front elevation partly in section representing a water tube boiler
constructed according to my invention, and,
Figure 2, is a longitudinal section thereof taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 1.
a represents the casing of the boiler, a' represents the up-take which may be
arranged in any convenient position, represents the furnaces, a² represents one of
the furnace doors, whilst a represents one of the dampers for regulating the supply
of air to the under side of the fire grate.
Within the casing a are arranged, parallel to each other, three water chambers c c*
located at some distance apart and between each outer water chamber c and the
central or intermediate water chamber c* is arranged a furnace b, the flame space
or combustion chamber for each furnace being separated by a partition wall of fire
brick b.
Above the water chambers ccx are arranged parallel to each other three
chambers eex for water and steam, and the centre one ex of these chambers is
preferably formed larger than the side chambers e.
The two smaller or side chambers e are placed immediately above the furnaces b,
that is to say, at the apices of two triangles having two (cc) of the lower water
chambers at the extremities of their bases the central or intermediate water
chamber being located at the junction of the bases or extremities of both
triangles.
The two lower water chambers are shown semi-cylindrical in form, and have
their flat sides c inclined towards one another, whilst the central lower water
chamber c* is shown in the form of a sector of a circle.
с
The flat sides of all the lower water chambers c c are perforated with holes
to admit water tubes d and the semi-circular or curved sides of the water
chambers c c* form the covers thereof and are removeably secured in position by
bolts and nuts or other suitable means.
The upper water and steam chambers ex is cylindrical in shape, whilst the outer
or side water and steam chambers e are shown with three flat or approximately flat
sides e and one curved side which is loose, and is secured in position by bolts and
nuts or other suitable means and constitutes a cover.
The flat sides e¹ of the steam.and water chambers e adjacent to the middle water
and steam chamber ex are formed with a series of openings therein and the
chamber ex is provided with corresponding openings and these openings are con-
pected by short pipes e thus placing the three water and steam chambers e ex in
communication at about the water line which is indicated by the letter ..
The other two flat sides e¹ of the outside water and steam chambers e are
rranged parallel or nearly so to the corresponding flat sides of the lower water
chambers and these Hat sides or tube plates e' are perforated with holes
corresponding with those of the tube plates c' of the lower water chambers c c* and

page_text: extending between these, tube plates e¹ e¹ and fixed therein by screwing, expanding,
or otherwise, are a number of straight or approximately straight water tubes d
which are arranged parallel or nearly so to one another, each group being disposed
at an angle or inclination towards a vertical line drawn through the centre of the
furnace beneath the same.
The lower water chambers ce are all placed in communication by means of
horizontal circulation tubes or pipes and these circulation tubes or pipes fare
connected by vertical circulation pipes with the upper water and steam chambers e
whilst at the opposite end of the boiler the lower water chambers cc and the upper
water and steam chambers e are connected by means of other circulation pipes f
these circulation pipes being located upon the exterior of the casing a.
The products of combustion pass from the furnaces around, and amongst the
tubes d to the up-take a and in order to bring the products of combustion into
intimate contact with the water tubes d baffle plates 6 of fire-brick or other
suitable material are employed whilst the furnace is enclosed at its sides and end
by protecting walls of fire brick which also assist this action.
The steam in a comparatively dry condition collects in the steam space formed
by the upper part of the steam and water chamber e and is drawn off therefrom
by a steam pipe ex having slots or openings cut in its upper side and located
within the chamber ex and controlled by a stop valve ex2 whilst the feed water is
supplied at e to the water and steam chambers e.
Suitable manholes and mudholes are employed where necessary in order to give
access where required to the several parts of the boiler but I have not referred
more particularly thereto as this necessity in a boiler is well understood.
In some cases the partition wall between the furnaces may be dispensed with,
but I find it advantageous to keep the products of combustion from each furnace i,
separate until they have passed the water and steam chambers ce* when they may
commingle and pass away to the up-take a'.
It will be understood that in lieu of employing two furnaces and three upper
steam and water chambers e ex and three lower water chambers e e* divided by a
partition wall thus forming two combustion chambers as hereinbefore shown and
described, I may divide each combustion chamber vertically into two parts, thus
constituting four combustion chambers or flame spaces, and dividing the products
of combustion and causing each part to pass through or amongst the group of water.
tubes d on one side only of the partition.
Or, in some cases I may employ four or more lower water chambers & cx with
one or two furnaces and flame spaces between the water chambers cc and a
corresponding number of upper water and steam chambers e ex connected with the
lower water chambers c cx by means of water tubes d aud circulation pipes in a
manner similar to that hereinbefore described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is-
:-
1. In a steam generator, the combination of a central upper water and steam
chamber, two smaller chambers located upon either side thereof and connected
therewith by tubes or pipes and provided with two flat and inclined sides or tube,
plates, two furnaces and combustion chambers, a central lower water chamber
located between the furnaces and formed with two flat and inclined sides or tube
plates, two similar chambers located upon the outside of the furnaces and each
furnished with one flat and inclined side or tube plate, two groups of inclined water
tubes each .connecting an upper side chamber with a lower side chamber and two
similar groups each connecting the lower central chamber with the upper side
chambers and suitable circulation tubes located upon the exterior of the combustion
chambers for connecting the several chambers all in manner substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.

page_text: 2. In combination with a steam boiler of the construction referred to in the
preceding claim, a partition wall or walls for dividing the combustion chamber or
chambers into two or more parts, substantially as herein shown and described.
Dated this 19th day of April 1893.
VAUGHAN & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.