Improvements in Studs, Solitaires, and other similar Fastenings and Articles.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec:, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 5th ept., 1889-Accepted, 12th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Studs, Solitaires, and other similar Fastenings and
Articles.
MARIE DEHAYES, of 36, Boulevard Voltaire, Paris, in the Republic of France,
of no profession, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
My said Invention relates to improvements in the construction of studs, solitaires
and similar fastenings and articles for use in securing or for attaching to shirt fronts,
cuffs, collars and the like as is well understood. In a stud made in accordance with
my invention the neck is of the form of a flat oval so as to easily enter and occupy
the ordinary button hole.
To the foot of this neck a circular disc is attached by rivetting or other means and
the said disc enters a similarly formed recess in the back plate of the head or front
of the stud and serves as a guide and bearing therein. A pin passes down through
the centre of the oval shaped neck and is a loose fit therein and is fixed by rivetting
or other means to the back plate of the stud head so as to be capable of being turned
with the stud head. A recess is formed in the neck near the back thereof, which
recess is of sufficient length to admit a bar, through the centre of which the said
central pin passes and is secured thereto. The bar coincides in contour with the
flat oval neck so that when lying along in the recess there is no projection from the
neck. This bar is carried by and fixed to the central pin so that when the pin is
turned by turning the head of the stud, the bar is moved through say, 90 degrees so
as to stand at right angles to the flat oval neck. It will thus be apparent that if
the said flat oval neck be pushed through a button hole while the bar is lying parallel
therewith and the head of the stud turned so as to throw the bar at right angles
to the neck and across the button hole it will be impossible to withdraw the stud as
the shape of the stud neck prevents it from turning in the button hole. To main-
tain the bar in its position either parallel with the stud neck or at right angles
thereto, a thin spring plate of steel or other suitable material is secured to the inner
side of the back plate of the stud head. A projection or stop from the foot of the
stud neck plays in a circular slot in the hack plate, and projects through a space
formed in the spring plate. A projecting lip or wing from the spring plate lies in
the path of the said stop and the head of the stop is rounded so as to easily slip
beneath and lift the spring lip which suaps down on one side or the other of the stop
and either holds the bar in position when lying concealed in the stud neck or when
lying at right angles thereto. The front of the stud may be formed of precious
metal or of precious stones or may be formed or ornamented in any suitable inanner.
By a modification in the mode of preventing the displacement of the aforesaid
movable bar, a double ratchet is employed, one half being fixed to the foot of the
stud neck and the other half to the central pin and the back plate of the stud head.
A spring which is preferably coiled and of a volute shape so as to lie flat within itself
when necessary is placed within the stud head and holds the two halves of the
double ratchet in gear. By turning the stud head, the central pin, one half of the
double ratchet and the bar are all moved say a quarter of a turn and the bar is either
thrown across the stud neck or housed therein. In this instance the central pin is
preferably made square so as to slide through and yet turn the bar. This sliding
action of the bar would be induced by the separation of the halves of the double
ratchet which would necessarily take place by the ratchet teeth having to pass each
other. In this latter example the stud head may be turned continuously round and
either to the right or to the left as the halves of the double ratchet will pass each
other in either direction the teeth being of an equal angle on both sides.
15
1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Studs, Solitaires, and other similar Fastenings and
Articles.
I MARIE DEHAYES, of 36 Boulevard Voltaire, Paris in the Republic of France
do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying drawings
My said Invention relates to improvements in the construction of studs solitaires
and similar fastenings and articles for use in securing or for attaching to shirt fronts,
cuffs, collars and the like as is well understood. To render my invention more clear
I will now proceed to describe the same in detail, reference being had to the annexed
sheet of drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a side view of the stud as it appears when in a position for being inserted
into the button hole or button holes. Fig. 2 is a view at right angles to Fig. 1
-showing the appearance of the stud after insertion in the button hole, that is to say.
with the bar & turned at right angles to the neck c. Fig. 3 is a plan of the top of
Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a plan of the under side of
Fig. 4 with the cover removed. In my improved stud the neck c is of the form
of a flat oval as clearly, seen at Fig. 3. so as to easily enter and occupy the ordinary
button hole.
'
To the foot of this neck c a circular disc c¹ is attached by rivetting or other means
and the said disc centers a similarly formed recess in the back plate of the head
or front of the stud and serves as a guide and bearing therein. A pin a passes down
through the centre of the oval shaped neck c and is a loose fit therein and is fixed by
rivetting or other means to the back plate of the stud head so as to be capable of
being turned with the stud head. A recess is formed in the neck c near the back
thereof, which recess is of sufficient length to admit a bar d through the centre of
which the said central pin a passes and is secured thereto. The bar d coincides.in
contour with the flat oval neck c so that when lying along in the recess as in Figs. 1
and 4 there is no projection beyond the neck.
This bar d is carried by and fixed to the central pin a so that when the pin is
turned by turning the head of the stud, the bar d is moved through say, 90 degrees
so as to stand at right angles to the flat oval neck as in Figs. 2 and 3. It will thus
be apparent that if the said flat oval neck c be pushed through a button hole or
button holes while the bar dis lying parallel therewith and the head of the stud
turned so as to throw the bar dat right angles to the neck and across the button
hole, it will be impossible to withdraw the stud as the shape of the stud neck
prevents it from turning in the button hole. To maintain the bar d in its position
either parallel with the stud neck or at right angles thereto, a thin spring plate f of
steel or other suitable material is secured to the inner side of the back plate of the
stud head. A projection or stop c³ from the foot of the stud neck, plays in a circular
slot in the back plate as clearly seen in Fig. 5. and projects through a space
formed in the spring plate. A projecting lip or wing f' from the spring plate flies
in the path of the said stop and the head of the stop is rounded so as to easily slip
beneath and lift the spring lip which snaps down ou one side or the other of the
stop and either holds the bar in position when lying concealed in the stud neck or
when lying at right angles thereto the stop being confined between the end of the
circular slot in the plate b and the side of the spring lip f¹.
The front of the stud may be formed of precious metal or of precious stones or
may be formed or ornamented in any suitable manner. Fig. 6 is a sectional view and
Fig. 7 a plan with the top r removed of a modification of the mode of preventing
the displacement of the aforesaid movable bar d.
In this case I employ a double ratchet g. g¹ one half y being fixed to the foot of
the stud neck c and the other half g' which slides on the central pin a to the back
plate of the stud head. The central pin a is square in section and passes clear

page_text: through a round hole in the half g of the double ratchet and loosely through a squared
hole in the half g₁ of the ratchet, so that the central pin a does not affect the upper
half g of the ratchet at all and slides loosely through but is capable of turning the
lower half g. The square central pin a also fits the bar d and causes it to turn with
it. A spring which is preferably coiled and of a volute shape so as to lie flat
within itself when necessary is placed within the stud head and holds the two
halves g. g of the double ratchet in gear. By turning the stud head, the contral
pin a one half g of the double ratchet and the bar dare all moved say a quarter of
a turn and the bar d is either thrown across the stud neck c or housed therein. In
this instance the central pin is preferably made square so as to slide through and also
be turned by the lower ratchet half, but it might be made triangular or of another
polygonal section. This sliding action of the parts would be induced by the separation
of the halves of the double ratchet which would necessarily take place by the ratchet
teeth having to pass over each other. In this latter example the stud head nay be
turned continuously round and either to the right or to the left as the halves of the
double ratchet will pass each other in either direction the teeth being of an equal
angle on both sides.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is
(1) In a stud, button, solitaire, or similar fastening or article for use in securing
or for attaching to shirt fronts, cuffs, collars and the like, the combination with the
neck c and head 6 (capable of being turned) of a bar d which is connected to the head
so that it can be turned so as to coincide with the neck and thus present no obstacle
to the application of the stud or otherwise so as to present itsolf at right angles to
the neck so as to prevent withdrawal from the button hole substantially as herein-
before described and shown.
(2) In articles of the indicated description the means for securing the bar d in
one position or the other that is to say either coinciding with or at right angles to
the neck c, said means consisting of a projection c extending from the neck and
working in a curvilinear slot and over a spring flap or lip substantially as described
and shown.
(3) In articles of the indicated description, as means for securing the bar d in line
with or at right angles to the neck c, the double ratchet g g and spring / combined
and acting substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 4th day of September 190
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester, Agents.