IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING AND USING PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Crews, of 8, Montague Terrace, Bow Road,
and Henry George Gray, of St. James St., both in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING AND USING
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Crews and Henry
George Gray at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 2nd April 1855.
We, CHARLES CREWS, of 8, Montague Terrace, Bow Road, and HENRY
GEORGE GRAY, of St. James St., both in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING AND.
USING DEODORIZING OR DISINFECTING COMPOUNDS" to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the preparing deodorizing or disinfecting
compounds in two parts, which separately will be inactive, and hence require
less care in packing for transport and carriage than preparations heretofore
used for like purposes; and the Invention consists of combining common salt,
bromide, of potassium, and iodide of potassium, or other compounds of bromine
and iodine, with or without other matters, as one compound. For a second
compound an acid salt is used. These two compounds may when separate be
conveyed from place to place or kept in store without losing their properties;
but on being combined or mixed, they give off combined vapours, which are
highly useful for deodorizing and disinfecting purposes. Or, in place of:
employing an acid salt, the first-named compound may be mixed with alcohol,
naptha, camphine, or combustible matter and burned.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Crews and Henry George Gray in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 28th September 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL..COME, we, CHARLES
CREWS, of 8, Montague Terrace, Bow Road, and HENRY GEORGE GRAY, of
St. James Street, both in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give..and grant unto us, the said
Charles Crews and Henry George Gray, Her special licence that we, the
said Charles Crews and Henry George Grays, our executors; administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said Charles Crews and Henry George
Grays, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING AND
USING DEODORIZING OR DISINFECTING COMPOUNDS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Charles Crews and Henry George Gray, by an
instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal
of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Charles Crews and Henry George
Gray, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
.
This Invention has for its object the preparing deodorizing or disinfecting
compounds in two parts, which separately will be inactive, and hence require
less care in packing for transport and carriage than preparations heretofore
used for like purposes; and the Invention consists of combining common salt,
bromide of potassium, and iodide of potassium, or other compounds of bromine
and iodine, with or without other matters, as one compound. For a second
compound an acid salt is used. These two compounds may when separate be
conveyed from place to place or kept in store without losing their properties;
but on being combined or mixed, they give off combined vapours, which are
highly useful for deodorizing and disinfecting purposes. Or, in place of

page_text: employing an acid salt, the first-named compound may be mixed with 'alcohol,
naptha, camphine, or combustible matter and burned.
Having thus stated the nature of our said Invention, we will proceed to
describe the manner of performing the same.
The object of the Invention is to obtain the combined vapours of iodine,
bromine, and chlorine conveniently for the purpose of deodorizing and disin
fecting the atmosphere in a building, room, or place, and to render the atmo-
sphere more beneficial and healthful' to persons breathing such atmosphere.
And the following is the manner in which we prefer to carry out our Inven-
tion. In order to develope the disinfecting and deodorizing vapours, we make
use in preparing one of the powders common salt, bromide and iodide of
potassium or sodium, or other bromides and iodides.
The proportions we prefer are as follows, but we do not confine ourselves
thereto, as the same may be varied:-
Common salt
Iodide of potassium
Bromide of potassium
92
6
2
These matters in the state of powder are intimately mixed together, änd
packed separately.
The other powder is composed of either the bisulphate of potash or soda,*
mixed with bichromate of potash, and, if required, with a little gypsum or other
matter, to prevent deliquescence.
We can also use chromic acid or the substance called mineral chameleon in
this powder in lieu of the bichromate of potash, and we make up the two
powders separately for sale, and they are when used mixed together in about
the following proportions, viz-Ten parts by weight of the first powder and
ten parts by weight of the second powder. For producing the vapours from
the burning of alcohol, naptha, camphine, oils, fats, or other combustible
matter, we combine with such combustible matters certain ethereal compounds
of chlorine, iodine, and bromine, which are misible with such bodies.
The chlorine compound we use for making these compounds is either
common chloroform or any other of the ethereal chlorides. The iodine com-
pound which we prefer to employ is made in the following manner :-We mix
carefully in a flask or other appropriate vessel about twenty parts of alcohol,
wood spirit, or potato spirit, with eight parts of iodine, and then add carefully
bit by bit one part of phosphorus. At first the flask must be kept cool, as
the action is sometimes violent. When the phosphorus is all added, the mix-
ture is to be agitated and then gently heated; the same is afterwards to be
distilled, and the product well washed with water and rectified.

page_text: The bromine compound may be made in the same manner as the preceding,
substituting bromine for iodine. The bromine and iodine compounds pre-
pared as described are those which we prefer, but we can use any other of the
ethereal bromides and iodides, such as iodoform, bromoform, and others.
In order to produce the liquid for developing the vapours of iodine, bromine,
and chlorine by combustion, we mix the above-described compounds with
alcohol, naptha, camphine, or other inflammable matter, and burn the mixture
with a wick by means of an ordinary spirit or other lamp.
The proportions which we prefer are,-
Iodine compound
Bromine compound
Chlorine compound
Alcohol, or combustible matter
4 parts by measure.
1
3
"
""
200 33
دو
But these proportions may be varied, according as the combustible material
is required to be weaker or stronger, of one or other of the ingredients. We
would remark that we make no claim to the manufacture or preparation of
the ingredients or matters separately; what we claim is,-
First, the preparation of deodorizing or disinfecting compounds herein
described in two parts, in such manner that separately they will be inactive,
and in such manner as not to give off the combined vapours till they are mixed
for use, as herein explained.
And, secondly, we claim the combining compounds of iodine, bromine, and
chlorine with alcohol, naptha, camphine, oils, fats, or other inflammable
matter, in order to give off therefrom the vapours, as herein described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Charles Crews and Henry George Gray,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-seventh day of
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-five.
CHARLES CREWS.
(L.S.)
Witness,
HENRY GEORGE GRAY. (L.S.)
FREDERICK OLDERSHAW SMITHERS,
Maze Hill, Greenwich.