IMPROVED AND COMBINED MEANS, METHOD APPLIANCES AND APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING AND DETERMINING THE RELATIVE AND THE WORKING DISTANCE BETWEEN CARD FLATS AND CARD CYLINDERS, OR CARD ROLLERS AND CARD CYLINDERS OF MACHINES FOR CARDING FIBRES
Year: 1886

page_text: I, JOHN BULLOUGH of Globe Works Accrington in the County of Lancaster
Machine Maker do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVED
AND COMBINED MEANS, METHOD APPLIANCES AND APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING
AND DETERMINING THE RELATIVE AND THE WORKING DISTANCE BETWEEN CARD
FLATS AND CARD CYLINDERS, OR CARD ROLLERS AND CARD CYLINDERS OF MACHINES
FOR CARDING FIBRES" to be as follows:-
This Invention for purpose aforesaid is specially designed for ascertaining whn
the cards on the card flats are accurately adjusted on or by means of the bends so
as to be in correct relative working position to the points of the cards on the card
cylinders, or determining when the cards on a card covered roller are in correct
working position or distance from the points of the cards on a card cylinder.
For purpose aforesaid I employ electricity one pole being connected with "bend;"
of the flats the latter being insulated from the framing, the other wire or pole is
connected with the framing of the machine, the circuit being completed by contact
of the teeth on the flats and the teeth on the cylinder, or one pole wire may be
connected to a trial or "test flat which is moved over the bends and adjusted or
set by means of nicrometer screw as also the dials of adjusting screws by means of
which the curvature of the bends is set or adjusted are insulated and such screws
are connected by metallic tapes that on contact of cards of the flats and cylinder
the heads of the adjusting screws will by slight shock indicate contact, or the
indication may be by telephone or by galvonometer.
The distance between the cards on the carding cylinder and those on the flats
(or on the card roller) may be gauged by means of metallic tape stretched between
pins on the card cylinder and the card roller or flats, or by metal blocks on
the Anto

page_text: Where the circuit to the teeth of the cards on the cylinder is by way of the
metal cylinder on which the berids of the card teeth rest if surface of cylinder be
coated with any insulatory substance such as paint then a strip or strips of tinfoil
should be laid on the cylinder and conducted to the rim or inside of the cylinder
so as to insure circuit, so likewise accidental contact and short circuit by reason of
straggling teeth is avoided by coating part of the framing of the teeth nearest the
outer teeth with paint or paint and shelac by means of which all casting up parts
are also insulated.

page_text: 444 Сага супциста от масив
for Carding Fibres.
I, JOHN BULLOUGH of Globe Works Accrington in the County of Lancaster
Machine Maker do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVED AND
COMBINED MEANS, METHOD, APPLIANCES, AND APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING AND
DETERMINING THE RELATIVE AND THE WORKING DISTANCE BETWEEN CARD FLATS
AND CARD CYLINDERS, OR CARD ROLLERS AND CARD CYLINDERS OF MACHINES FOR
CARDING FIBRES" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention for purpose aforesaid is specially designed for ascertaining when
the cards on the card flats are accurately adjusted on or by means of the bends so
as to be in correct relative working position to the points of the cards on the card
cylinders.
$4
For purpose aforesaid I employ electricity one pole being connected with
bends" of the flats, the latter being insulated from the framing, the other wire
or pole is connected with the framing of the machine, the circuit being completed
by contact of the teeth on the flats and the teeth on the cylinder or one pole wire
may be connected to a trial or "test" flat which is moved over the bends, and
adjusted or set by means of micrometer screws as also the dials of adjusting screws
by means of which the curvature of the "bends" is "set" or adjusted. And such
screws are connected by metallic tapes that on contact of cards of the flats and
cylinders, the heads of the adjusting screws will by slight shock indicate contact,
or the indication may be by telephone, or by galvanometer or bell.
The distance between the cards on the carding cylinder and those on the flats
may be guaged by means of metallic tape stretched between pins on the card flat
or cylinder or by metal blocks on the flats.
Where the circuit to the teeth of the cards on the cylinder is by way of the
metal cylinder on which the crown of the card teeth rest, if surface of cylinder be
coated with any insulatory substance such as paint, then a strip or strips of tinfoil
should be laid on the cylinder, and conducted to the rim or inside of the cylinder
so as to insure contact, so likewise accidental contact by reason of straggling teeth
is avoided by coating part of the framing nearest the outer teeth with paint or
paint and shellac or ebonite by means of which the side casings are insulated and
any other parts requiring to be insulated are treated in the same way.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention, the following is a
complete description of same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings
forming a part of this specification in which
Fig. 1 is an elevation in section of cylinder and flat, the bends being insulated
from the framing.
Fig 1 is part of Fig. 1 enlarged

page_text: Fig. 3 shews application of test fat where bends are not insulated, and having
micrometer screws applied to the cards on the cylinder.
Fig. 3 is elevation of part of Fig. 3 enlarged scale.
Fig. 4 is end elevation of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a cross section shewing the "test flat" fastened to the cylinder and the
micrometer screws feeling for the bends.
Fig. 5 is drawing shewing "test flat" in two parts.
Fig. 6 is an end view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is sectional elevation of test flat and cylinder, wherein the metallic. tape
and double index disc are employed.
Fig. 8 is an end view of Fig. 7.
Figs. 9 and 10 are enlarged views of double index.
Fig. 11 is a detail of the guaging block cylinder and flat in section.
Figs. 12 and 13 are views of metal gauge shoe and flat end.
Fig. 14 shews application of metallic gauge tape to test flats.
Fig. 15 section of part of cylinder.and metallic gauge tapo applied to card on
cylinders also illustrated by Fig. 1.
According to this my invention to ascertain when the flats 1 are near enough to
the cylinder 2, and also to determine or fix that distance by means of the bends 3,
I insulate the flats 1 from the rest of the framing or for greater convenience
I insulate at 4 the bends 3 themselves on which the flats rest, one pole 5 of a
battery or of an electro magneto machine being connected to those bends and the
other or opposite pole 6 being connected to the framework 7 of the machine.
Thus when the wire of the flats 1 touches the wire of the cylinder 2, the circuit
is completed, and a bell, a galvanometer, or a telephone indicates such contact.
It is then only necessary to raise the flats sufficiently clear by means of the
adjusting screws 8, and index discs 8ª by means of which the curved
moved on its bearing frame 9*.
"
"
cone 9 is
But in fine setting the cards on the flats may be clear of the cards on the
cylinder on one part of the bends, and yet owing to a slight inaccuracy in radius
adjustment of the bends themselves the flat may touch the wire of the cylinder in
another part.
To guard against this I select one flat and as it traverses along the bends I try
its distance from the cylinder at different points, if it touches and rings the bell at
one point and it fails to touch at another point I lower it by means of the
adjusting discs 8ª and cone 9 until it does touch and until it does ring the bell or
indicate on the galvanometer or telephone.
And so by following the flat 1 through its course along the bends 3, and trying
it at different points and lowering the bends by the adjusting discs 8° where the
flats do not touch and raising them at those points where they touch too strongly,
I am enabled to get the bends to coincide perfectly with the curvature of the
cylinder, and so the position of the flats-their distance from the cylinder may be
fixed and finally determined accurately. And when the bends have been so fixed
or determined the discs 8ª are figured in their then position and all correspond.
But in cases where the bends or flats are not insulated, see Figs. 3, 3 and 4
I use a "test flat" 1 of special construction to ascertain if the flats are accurately
adjusted by means of bends 3, and if not accurately adjusted I adjust them by
altering the bends by means of the screws 8 in the way just described, except that
instead of the wire of the fat being used to make contact with the cylinder I usc
in this case an adjusting micrometer screw 10 (see 3ª at each side to form contact
having a figured dial.
The "test flat" is essential in cases where the bends or flats 1 are not insulated.
It is made like an ordinary flat but a short distance from each side it has the
micrometer screw with index dial 10, which screw is insulated from the rest of the
flat, and to it is connected one wire 5 from the battery and to the framing which
connects to the cylinder the other wire 6. The test flat is placed on the bend 3 in
the usual way and the screw 10 on the side you are testing and adjusting is turned

page_text: down till it touches the bare cylinder, or the cylinder wire if clothed which is
indicated by the ringing of the electric bell.
The position of the flat and cylinder being ascertained by use of the screws 8
and 10 at the point A; and the reading of the dial 10 noted, the screw 10 will be
turned back so as to avoid contact with the card teeth on the cylinder when the
test flat is being moved forwards to point B, and screw 10 is then set down to its
reading at A, and the bend adjusted by screw 8 until contact is formed, and so on
at C. D. E. The dials already subdivided will now be numbered as at Fig. 9, like
numbers being opposite the respective pointers or fingers, so that when from time
to time it is necessary to re-adjust the flats, the dials of the screws 8 will be
moved through equal numbers of divisions, and will thus give equal adjustment.
The operation is quite the same as that already described when an ordinary flat
is used as tester in the case of the bends or flats being insulated.
Or instead of placing the test flat 1 on the bends 3, and causing it to feel for the
cylinder 2 it may be placed on the cylinder 2; and caused to feel for the bends 3,
Figs. 5. 5 and 6, in such case the test flat 1 is fastened on the cylinder at 12. 'It
lies across it and is furnished with the micrometer screw and dial 10.
The cylinder 2 is then to be slowly revolved, the screws 10 feel along the
bends 3, and ring when in contact, and the bends are adjusted as before described
by the screw 8. In this case if the bends and flats 1 are insulated as shewn at
Figs. 2 and 8, the test flat can lie on the surface of the cylinder, but if the bends
and flats are not insulated it is necessary to insulate the test flat from the
cylinder, or if that is not done the screws 10 which feel for the bends must be
insulated and connected to one pole of the battery, whilst the bends are through
the framing connected to the other pole by wire 6.
These screws 10 are connected by a wire 14 so that they both represent the same
pole of the battery, or the test flat may be in two parts A and B, Figs. 5* one
screwed on the right hand of the cylinder and the other on the left, each having
its bend "feeler," the micrometer screw and dial 10. Then the wire from the
battery can be connected to each in turn according to the side which is being
adjusted.
Or one and the same part of the test flat may be used for both sides (see 5*
It is only necessary to transfer it from one side of the cylinder to the other
according as it is desired to test and adjust the curvature of the bend on one side
or the other to correspond accurately with the curvature of the cylinder so that the
card on the flats maintains the exact relative working distance to the card on the
cylinder in the entire course of the flats along the bend.
I now come to an arrangement intended to be made use of when ascertaining
the position of flats 1, relative to cylinder 2, not as in the cases described above
when the engine is still, but when working at speed.
For this purpose the discs 8" on end of screw's 8 for raising or lowering the
bends 3 are made double (see Fig. 7.
There is insulation betwixt them.
and are
One set of discs say those to the inside are insulated from the screws,
by means of a metallic tape 15, or cord connecting them with the framing 7
connected to one pole, the other or outside discs 16 being on the screws are part
and parcel of the insulated bend itself, and therefore are connected to the opposite
pole.
In working the adjusting screws 8 to lower or raise the flats, the fingers of the
operator touch both discs, and when the wires of the flat come in contact with
the opposite pole represented by the wires of the cylinder the fingers feel a slight
electric shock. This shock is felt at a contact so slight that would not give
sufficient power to ring an electric bell.
To ring a bell might require the contact to be so decided that at speed would
damage the wire of flat and cylinder.

page_text: Another means of obtaining an indication or warning of the flats being in
danger of touching the cylinder at speed is by means of metallic blocks or
projections 17 (see detail Fig. 7.) fastened on one or more flats.
These blocks 17 are by preference placed one on each side of the flat a few
inches from the end say. They are slightly broader than the card wire 18 on the
flat 1 (see Fig. 11) on the heel side B and by reason of the bevil of the working
surface of the tlat the edge of this "block" will be nearer the wire of the cylinder
than the wire of the flat itself, and so the "block" will form contact with the
cylinder and indicate by ringing by galvanometer, or by telephone before the
wires 17 themselves have come in contact, or these flats with blocks on are used
in another way (see Figs. 12 and 13).
At each end of the flat and over its bearing surface (assuming it to be ground
off its own bearing surface) I place a bent sheet of metal or shoe 18, the flat with
this shoe on and with the blocks 17 is ground along with the others.
$6
22
It therefore corresponds with the wire-that is it stands the samne height from
the working surface of the flat as the wire does, now when the grinding
operation is finished this "shoe" which we will suppose is 100th thick is
taken off.
The "block" therefore will lead the wires on the other flats by 10ths-that is
to say it will touch the cylinder roths before the ordinary wire of the flats,
and therefore the electric bell will ring in time to prevent the wire of flats coming
in contact with the wire of cylinder which at speed would be objectionable.
Another arrangement to attain the same object is to stretch a strip of metallic
tape 19 (see Fig. 14) across a flat of such a thickness as the distance desired
between the flats and cylinder, or which comes to the same thing the metallic
tape 19 can be stretched over a portion of the cylinder wire Figs. 1 and 15.
In each case it is obvious that the metallic tape will, when the flats are set low
enough, connect the two pole wires of the flats and cylinder, and will indicate
before the wires themselves come in contact and if the metallic strip is of the exact
thickness-say 100ths required to give the requisite distance for working between
the flats and cylinder nothing further will be required, but suppose it is th
the man adjusting the machine will know when he hears the electric bell ring
that the wires are separated ths and he can then lower by means of his
adjusting discs 8ª as many thousandths as he thinks fit, short of 10th knowing
that whatever number short of 10th he lowers that number of thousandths
separates the wires on the flats from those on the cylinder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is;
Firstly. The combination of card cylinder and flat or flats and bends insulated to
form opposite poles for purpose herein described.
Secondly. The construction of a "test flat" consisting of the flat itself with
micrometer screw and dial insulated for purpose herein described.
Thirdly. The test flat attached to and in combination with the card cylinder
such flat being whole or in parts and insulated when the bends are not insulated
but not insulated when the bends are insulated, and I claim it for purpose of
bends" to the
ascertaining, determining and adjusting the curvature of the
carding engine cylinder thereby ensuring that the traverse of the flats along the
bend produces no deviation in the relative and working distance between wire of
flats and wire of cylinder.
"test
Fourthly. I claim the means by which each ordinary flat may be used as a
flat" and I claim the use of the specially constructed test flat whether used in one
length resting on "bends" and feeling for cylinder or used in one length resting on
cylinder and feeling for bends, or whether used in two parts, one for each side;
or used in one part and transferred from one side to the other, all of which
modifications are the same in principle and are a mere matter of convenience.

page_text: Fifthly. The metallic guaging tape whether applied to the cylinder or to the
flat for connecting the opposite poles represented by cylinder and flat respectively,
for the purpose of ascertaining and determining the distance betwixt cylinder and
flat or flats.
Sixthly. The test block or blocks 17 in combination with a flat or flats to give
metallic contact between the two opposite poles represented by such flat and
cylinder respectively, and thereby to give electric indication, or warning of the
nearness of the wire of cylinder to the wire of the ordinary working flats.
Dated this Second days of Nawamba 1000