Improvements in Dynamo Electrical Machines.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 15th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 12th Feb., 1889
о
Improvements in Dynamo Electrical Machines.
I, SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERRANTI of 120 Fellowes Road, Hampstead, in the County
of Middlesex, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is first to construct a dynamo motor engine which can
be used advantageously with alternating currents of high tension.
To effect this I form the armature with conducting coils radiating from its
circumference and use fixed magnets on either side of it as in machines described in
the specifications of former Patents granted to me and those parts of the armature
coils which pass across the magnetic field between the fixed magnets I form of iron
so that but little force may be expended for magnetizing and a suitable field so
obtained for being magnetized alternately in different directions. Those portions of
the armature coils which do not pass between the magnets but which extend either
outwards or inwards beyond them I form of copper or other non-magnetic conductor
so that the magnetic circuit is not continuous throughout the conductor in the
direction of the flow of current through it.
The central space of each armature coil I also fill in with iron plates so that the
magnetic field remains continuous of uniform power across all parts of the circle of
armature coils.
To be used to best advantage the armature coils may be coupled up in two three
or more circuits connected to a commutator.
In some cases also in place of using single coils each nearly equal in width to the
space between the magnets I use. two or more narrower coils set side by side and the
coils on one side may be set to break joint with the coils on the other side as described
in the Specification of a former Patent granted to me No. 3702 in the year 1883.
A series of armatures may be carried on one axis at a distance apart from one
another with fixed magnets between them.

page_text: The field circuit should be in series with the armature circuit so that in case of
short circuiting at the commutator the field will have sufficiently high inductive
resistance to prevent excessive flow of current.
The machine may be worked with continuous current.
I, SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERRANTI of 120 Fellowes Road, Hampstead, in the County
of Middlesex, Electrician, do bereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is first to construct a dynamo motor engine which can
be used advantageously with alternating currents of high tension.
To effect this I form the motor engine like any ordinary dynamo for producing
current except that I form that portion of the winding of the armature that passes
across the magnetic field, of iron or partly of iron whilst the remainder of the
winding is of copper so that there is no continuous magnetic circuit along the
conductor.
The central space of each armature coil where coils are used I also fill in with iron
plates so that the magnetic field remains continuous of uniform power across all
parts of the circle of armature coils.
Figure 1 is a diagram view of one of the coils of a dynamo electric machine for
producing alternating current such as is described in the specifications of former
Patents granted to me but having the portions of the conductor which pass between
the magnets formed of iron in place of copper.
The ends of these parts of the conductor which are of iron may be brazed to the
parts which are of copper so as to form one continuous strip or there may be a
continuous strip of copper throughout the coil with lengths of iron conductor placed
between successive layers of the coil at those parts of the coil which pass between
the magnets in this case the strip of copper conductor might if desired be made
thinner at the parts where the strips of iron are laid against it.
Figure 2 shews two of the coils with the central space in each filled in with iron
strip. Insulating material is as usual placed between successive layers of the coils
and also between the strips with which the central space of each coil is filled in.

page_text: Figure 3 is a diagram section of part of an electro motor showing how the coils
may be held to the armature wheel by these filling strips of iron. A A are some of
the magnets in the circle of magnets which is on either side of the armature Ba
wheel carrying the armature coils. C are the coils and D the plates of iron with
which the central space of each coil is filled in.. The plates D are as shewn held to
the wheel by clamping plates E.
To be used to best advantage the armature coils may be coupled up in two three or
more circuits each connected to separate commutator plates-this allows of the coils
in each circuit being so set that the coils in one circuit are opposite the magnet
poles when the coils of the other or others are between the poles so as to obtain
uniformity of action.
In some cases also in place of using single coils each nearly equal in width to the
space between the magnets I use two or more narrower coils set side by side and the
coils on one side may be set to break joint with the coils on the other side as described
in the Specification of a former Patent granted to me No. 3702 in the year 1883.
Two coils of two sets of coils breaking joint in this way are shewn at Figures 4
and 5-in this way also uniformity of action may be obtained.
The parts of the conductor which are of iron may as will be seen be made of the
full width of the two or more sets of conductors so as more completely to fill in the
space between the magnet poles which are on opposite sides of the armature.
A series of armatures such as above described may be carried on one axis at a
distance apart from one another with fixed magnets between them so that comparatively
weak magnetic fields may be used and yet sufficient power be obtained. A diagram
view of three armatures mounted upon an axle is shown at Figure 6.
In this diagram A are the armatures carried by the axle B-C are some of the
magnets of the fixed circles of magnets at the sides of the armatures-these magnet
pole pieces are laminated-D are rings by which the magnet pole pieces are carried―
E are bolts by which the rings D are secured to the outer ring frames F-G are
distance pieces by which the rings D are kept at the proper distances apart.
If the armature is formed from coils such as shewn in Figure 1 without the central
space in each coil being filled in with strips of iron then all the armatures should be
set in the same position upon the shaft so that the coils of the three armatures pass
simultaneously across the faces of the magnets. If however each armature is formed
in the manner illustrated at Figure 2 then the coils in the one armature might be
set somewhat in advance of another.
The field circuit of dynamos used as electro motors I arrange to be in series with
the armature circuit so that in case of short circuiting at the commutator the field
will have sufficiently high inductive resistance to prevent excessive flow of current.
A diagram view shewing the magnets and coils of an electro motor so wound in
series is shewn at Figure 7.
In this diagram A are the windings of the magnets and B the windings of the
armature coils or bobbins. The two ends of the winding of the magnets are carried
to two sets of commutator plates C, D against these rest two brushes one coupled to
one main and the other to one end of the winding of the armature coils-the other
end of the winding of the armature coils being coupled to the other main.
With this construction the field magnets will have continuous current supplied to
them by the commutator when the motor is running at proper speed relatively to the
alternations in the alternating current supplied to it.
Machines for working with continuous current may be made in a similar manner to
that herein before described with that part of the conductor which passes across the
space between the magnet poles made of iron or partly of iron and partly copper.
Figure 8 is a diagram view of such a continuous current motor. The armature A is
formed as usual with a central core of iron and is wound with a Siemens winding--
the portions of the conductor which are parallel with the axis of the armature
are shewn as being partly of iron and partly copper the thinner strips representing
the copper and the thick strips the iron conductor.

page_text: At the ends of the armature the whole of the conductor is of copper or other non
magnetic metal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. An electro motor engine having that portion of the winding of the armature
that passes across the magnetic field formed of iron or partly of iron whilst the
remainder of the winding is of copper or other non magnetic metal.
2. An electro motor engine having an armature with coils or bobbins around its
circumference and with that portion of the winding that passes across the magnetic
field formed of iron or partly of iron or with iron laid in with it whilst the remainder
is of copper or other non magnetic metal.
3. Filling in the central space of each armature coil with insulated iron strips.
4. The construction of electro motor engines substantially as herein before described
with reference to Figure 3.
5. An electro motor engine having its armature coils formed partly of iron and
coupled in two or more series substantially as described.
6. The construction of electro motor engines substantially as herein before described
with reference to Figures 4 and 5.
7. An electro motor engine with two or more armatures at a distance apart each
formed as above described with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 and working
between circles of magnets formed with laminated cores.
8. The construction of electro motor engines substantially as herein before
described with reference to Figure 6.
9. The construction of electro motor engines with the armature winding partly of
iron and with the field circuit in series with the armature circuit substantially as
described with reference to Figure 7.
10. The construction of electro motor engines substantially as herein before
described with reference to Figure 8.

page_text: No text detected.

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 15th Dec., 1888
Compete Specification Accepted, 12th Feb., 1889
Dynamo Electrical Machines.
I, SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERRANTI of 120 Fellowes Road, Hampstead, in the
County of Middlesex, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
When a dynamo electrical machine for producing an alternating current is worked
with a commutating device for directing the current the continuous current obtained
although in one direction is not uniform in strength. Such a current is not suitable
for working motor engines. To remedy this I use a self induction coil with single
circuit coupled in parallel across the mains-or I use a condenser with the mains to
obtain the me result. In this way a uniform continuous current may be obtained
applicable not only for supplying electrical motors but also for charging batteries and
for like uses wherever a uniform continuous current is required.

page_text: I, SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERBANTI of 120 Fellowes Road Hampstead in the County
of Middlesex Electrician do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
When a dynamo electrical machine for producing an alternating current is worked
with a commutating device for directing the current the continuons current obtained
although in one direction is not uniform in strength. Such a current is not suitable
for working motor engines or for charging batteries or like uses wherever a uniform
continuous current is required. To remedy this I use self induction coils or con-
densers as hereinafter described.
Figure 1 of the drawings hereunto annexed is a diagram view of a dynamo for
producing an alternating current, a commutator for transforming the current passing
from the dynamo into a current in one direction through mains leading to an electro
motor engine and a self induction coil with simple circuit coupled in parallel across
the mains to equalize the current. The diagram also shews a second induction coil in
series with the mains to aid in equalizing the current.
A is the dynamo. B the commutator. CC the mains leading therefrom. D the
self induction coil placed across the mains. E the induction coil in series with the
mains, and F the electro motor engine. G is a secondary battery which can be charged
by the equalized current.
The induction coil E will at each rise of the current offer obstruction to it and so
decreases the total amount of rise in the current.
The self induction coil D will take up current as the strength of current rises and
give off current as the strength decreases so diminishing the fall in each pulsation of
the current. In this way the current will be rendered more uniform in strength and
suitable for working an electro motor engine or for charging a secondary battery or
for other like uses.
The self induction coil placed across the mains may be used without any coil placed
in series with them.
Figure 2 is a diagram shewing a condenser used with the mains to effect the same
object.
Figure 3 is a diagram showing a self induction coil with the winding which is
around one portion of the core coupled in parallel across the mains whilst a second
winding around another portion of the core is in series with the mains.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
For obtaining a uniform or comparatively uniform continuous current from dynamo
electric machines producing alternate currents the first changing the alternating
current by a commutator into a current in one direction and subsequently equalizing
the strength of this current by means of a self induction coil or coils or condenser
substantially as described.
Dated this 15th day of December 1888.
S. Z. DE FERRANTI.