IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE, OF GELATINE
Year: 1845

page_text: ROPER'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
ROBERT ROPER, of Hackney, Chemist, send greeting.
52.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-second day of April, in the eighth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs. and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Charles Robert Roper, my exors, adñors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full
power,. sole privilege, and authority, that I, the said Charles Robert Roper,
my exors, admors, and assigns, or, such, others as I, the said Charles Robert
Roper, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE, OF GELATINE;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said Charles Robert Roper, shall
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery, within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Robert Roper, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,

page_text: and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of manufacturing a concentrated preparation of
gelatine from bones with sugar and the essence of lemon, or of gelatine from
bones with sugar and the essence of almonds, such concentrated preparations of
gelatine being suitable for quickly preparing jellies and blanc manges, as
hereafter described.
In carrying out my Invention, it is important that the gelatine should be
clear and of the best quality, and I prepare it from bones or ivory in the
following manner:-I charge the cylinder of a digester with bones, sheep
bones being preferred broken in small pieces or in dust, to which I add six
gallons of water to each hundredweight of bones, and when the digester is
closed, I allow steam to flow in from a boiler of twenty pounds' pressure on
the
square inch; and after the first hour I gradually raise the pressure of steam
to thirty-two pounds on the square inch for three hours and a half, and then
draw off the charge of gelatine. If dust of bone, or ivory has been used,
gelatine is to be pressed out from the charge after withdrawing from the
digester, but this is not necessary when the bones are simply broken in picces,
placing the charge in a strong woollen fabric. The gelatine I run into shallow
tins or pans, and then place the gelatine or nets to dry in the usual manner.
The gelatine being then well washed is to be melted with an equal weight of
sugar, flavored with the essence of lemon when for jellies, and with the essence
of almonds when for blanc manges, and I melt these matters in a digester by
steam, and I usually apply about two drachms of the essence of lemon to each
three pounds of the gelatine, mixing the essence with the sugar before
applying the sugar to the gelatine, and I use lemon juice to melt the same to
the extent of about eighteen ounces to three pounds of gelatine; and when the
essence of almonds is used, I employ water in place of the juice of lemons,
and I apply about two drachms of the essence in like manner; other essences or
essential oils suitable for flavoring may be used with sugar and gelatine. The
concentrated product of gelatine is then placed in jars for sale, and jellies and
blanc manges may be made quickly by the use of boiling water, (when for
jellies) containing the white and shell of an egg with wine to taste, and for
making blanc manges only boiling milk is required.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to the exact quantities mentioned but what I claim is the manufacture
of a concentrated preparation of gelatine from bones combined with sugar and

page_text: the essence of lemon, or with the essence of almonds, or with other essences or
essential oils, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Robert Roper, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-second day of October, in
the
year of our Lord 1845, the aforesaid Charles Robert Roper came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-second day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.