IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO NON-CONDENSING STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Stead Crosland, of the City of Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO NON-CONDENSING STEAM ENGINES."
Sealed the 25th February 1876, and dated the 14th September 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Stead Crosland
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 14th September 1875.
I, JAMES STEAD CROSLAND, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engincer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO NON-CONDENSING
STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows :—
The object of my Invention is to take advantage of and economise
the high-pressure steam, such as is obtainable with safety and economy
from boilers constructed upon the principle of my Patented improved
high-pressure steam boiler or other high-pressure steam boilers, and my
Invention applies to portable stationary or marine non-condensing steami

page_text: engines for exhausting, blowing, and various other purposes, and is
particularly applicable to existing high-pressure non-condensing steam
engines, and, advantageously used for new engines, and my Invention
consists in compounding non-condensing steam engines or in combining
two or more steam cylinders, so that the steam after expanding and
acting upon the piston in one cylinder will pass to another cylinder to
be further expanded before being finally discharged into the atmosphere
at the exhaust or blast pipe. In compounding existing non-condensing
steam engines I apply a cylinder of small capacity and let the high-
-pressure-steam.first..enter this cylinder and exhaust into the existing
cylinder, and if required into one or more cylinders in succession after
passing the existing cylinder, or the high-pressure steam may first pass
in succession through two high-pressure cylinders before entering the
existing cylinder. The pistons of the cylinders may be arranged so as
to all be connected to the same piston rod or continued rod, or the
piston rod of each cylinder may be connected to the same crank pin,
the cylinders being arranged at a suitable angle to each other, or each
piston rod may be connected to a separate crank on the same crank
shaft.
..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Stead Crosland in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 10th March 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
STEAD CROSLAND, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in
the thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and.
successors, give and grant unto me, the said James Stead Crosland, Her
special license that I, the said James Stead Crosland, my-executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said- James Stead
Crosland, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully

page_text: .
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO NON-CONDENSING STEAM
ENGINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James
Stead Crosland, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
•
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Stead Crosland, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and the accompanying Drawings
(that is to say) :—
1
The object of my Invention is to take advantage of and economise
the high-pressure steam, such as is obtainable with safety and economy
from boilers constructed upon the principle of my Patented improved
high-pressure steam boiler or other high-pressure steam boilers, and my
Invention applies to portable stationary or marine non-condensing steam
engines for exhausting, blowing, and various other purposes, and is
particularly applicable to existing high-pressure non-condensing steam
engines, and may be. advantageously used for new engines, and my
Invention consists in compounding non-condensing steam engines or in
combining two or more steam cylinders, so that the steam, after
expanding and acting upon the piston in one cylinder, will pass to
another cylinder to be further expanded before being finally discharged
into the atmosphere at the exhaust or blast pipe. In compounding
existing non-condensing steam engines I apply a cylinder of small
capacity and let the high-pressure steam first enter this cylinder and
exhaust into the existing cylinder, and if required into one or more
cylinders in succession after passing the existing cylinder, or the high-
pressure steam may first pass in succession through two high-pressure
cylinders before entering the existing cylinder. The pistons of the
cylinders may be arranged so as to all be connected to the same piston
rod or continued rod, or the piston rod of each cylinder may be connected
to the same crank pin, the cylinders being arranged at a suitable angle.
.
:

page_text: to each other, or each piston rod may be connected to a separate crank
on the same crank shaft.
Fig. 1 is a plan sectional view showing one arrangement of a non-
condensing steam engine compounded according to my Invention. The
high-pressure steam is first taken to the cylinder a, and the steam
exhausted from this is passed on to the larger cylinder 6 and then to a
superheater or feed water heater or to the atmosphere. The pistons of
these cylinders are each shown connected with a double crank shaft, but
in some cases I prefer to have single cranks with a driving wheel on-the-
crank shafts between the two excentrics x for working the valves.
Fig. 2 is a plan and Fig. 3 an elevation showing a compounded non-
condensing steam engine, according to my Invention, as applied to
oscillating steam cylinders placed at an angle to each other and with the
piston rods attached to the same cranks, as shown, a being the cylinder
for the high-pressure steam, wich s exhausts into the low-pressure
cylinder.
Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a beam engine according to my Invention,
in which b and c are low-pressure cylinders, the pistons of which are'
connected with the beam as shown, and a the high-pressure cylinder,
the piston rod of which is connected directly with the crank of the
engine, this high-pressure cylinder exhausting into both low-pressure
non-condensing cylinders through the pipe. The cylinders may be
proportioned so that the steam will first exhaust into the cylinder b and
then into the low-pressure cylinder c.
Fig. 5 is a front elevation and Fig. 6 a side elevation of an engine a
according to my Invention for compressing or exhausting air; a is the
high-pressure, b the low-pressure cylinder, the piston rods of both
cylinders in the same line and connected to the same cross head which is
connected to the crank shaft by two connecting rods, as shown; c is the
air cylinder, the piston of which is worked by two piston rods, one on {
each side of the cylinder b, which piston rods are connected with the
cross head, as shown. In this arrangement the cylinders a and b may
6
-be-changed-in-position, a˜may occupy the place of 6, and 6 the position
of a,-and-may-be either vertical or horizontal in position.
Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are each elevations of three cylinders, showing three a
different arrangements of such cylinders, according to my Invention, in
which the piston rods of the three cylinders are all connected to the

page_text: same crank in each arrangement. a is the high, 6 the middle, and c
the low-pressure cylinder. The high (a) exhausts into the middle (b),
and the middle into the low-pressure cylinder (c), and the latter into a
superheater or feed water heater or to the atmosphere. For blowing or
exhausting purposes a and b may be high and low pressure steam
cylinders, and c an air cylinder provided with suitable air valves, as well
understood.
Fig. 10 is a plan view, showing a steam engine according to my.
Invention, where the piston of the high-pressure cylinder is connected
with the crank and the piston rod is prolonged through the back end of
the low-pressure cylinder b and forms the rod of the piston for the high-
pressure cylinder a, to which the steam is first supplied. The pistons of
three or more cylinders may be connected in like manner if desired.
I have now particularly described my Invention, and claim the
compounding of non-condensing steam engines, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Stead Crosland, •have
hereunto set my hand and scal, this Seventh day of March,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-six.