IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WARMING RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND OTHERS, AND BOATS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and
Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris,
France, and 6, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WARMING
RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND OTHERS, AND BOATS." -A communication from
T
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 22nd December 1873.
I, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, 18, Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
WARMING
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR.
RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND OTHERS, AND BOATS," communicated to me by Pierre
Grandjean, a person resident at La Chapelle, St. Denis, France, to be as
follows:-

page_text: railway carriages, and consists substantially of moveable or fixed boxes.
or foot warmers made of some suitable metal, and having two or three
envelopes or shells between which pass currents of air heated by means
of one or two moveable fire-boxes which are placed in the said boxes or
foot warmers.
These fire-boxes are fed with artificial fuel which so 5
slowly burns that the feeding is only necessary every eighteen or twenty
hours, and the expense is thus almost any thing although the temperature
may reach a very high degree.
The apparatus constructed according to the above stated principles,
viz., the heated air constantly running between two or three enveloppes, 1
and the moveable fire-box are illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings.
The Figures 1 at 10, 11 at 18, and 19 at 21 inclusive represent more
especially apparatus intended for railway or great public carriages, and
the Fig. 22 at 27 inclusive show an apparatus designed for little or 1
private carriages. Similar letters indicate the same parts in each of the
four series of apparatus.
Fig. 1 at 10 inclusive.-This apparatus is fixed on a level with the
floor according to the cross section of carriages or waggons. A are the
fire-boxes hinged lids; B, the moveable fire-boxes; C, holes for the 2
escape of the gas; D, partitions to divide internally the gas; E, square
to keep in position fire-boxes; F, screws securing the apparatus to the
floor; G, sheet iron plates to regulate the passage of the air necessary to
the combustion; H, envelopes or shells; I, air holes for the combustion ;
J, K, apertures for the entrance of the cold air which runs and warms 2
between the envelopes; L, M, apertures for the escape of heated air in
the carriages; N, turnstiles to shut the lids A; O, projections to keep
the fire-boxes far from the inside envelopes; P, handles of fire-boxes;
Q, arc of circle to keep the lids open when the fire-boxes are fed;
R, ondulated sheet iron plates placed forward the aperture C to prevent 3
the gas driving back during the motion of the carriage; S, wooden
trellis to receive carpets and to facilitate the circulation of the heated air
over the apparatus.
Fig. 11 at 18 inclusive.-This apparatus as the above mentioned is
fixed accross in the different compartments of carriages or waggons and 3
projecting from the floor as the railway hot water now in use. A are
the fire-boxes; B, holes perforated in insides of fire-boxes to facilitate

page_text: the combustion; C, holes in the bottom of the apparatus for the same
purpose; D, apertures below the carriages or waggons for escaping gas;
E, bolts to keep the fire-boxes in position; F, space between two
envelopes through which the atmospheric air circulates; G, attaching
screws of the apparatus to the floor; H, apertures in the ends of the
envelopes for entrance and escape of the heated air.
Fig. 19, 20, and 21.-This apparatus is placed in the middle of each
compartment on a level with the floor of the carriage or waggon. A is
the moveable fire-box; B, the chimneys; C, the hinged lid of the
apparatus; D, the sliding fire-box lid; E, sheet iron squares to maintain
the space between the said both lids; F, air holes of the second and
third envelope G, H; I, space between the fire-box and the inside
envelope; J, chamber above the fire-box from which extends the
chimneys B; K, hot-air chamber above the preceeding; L, sheet iron
squares to maintain the space between the envelopes; M, bolt of the.
lid C; N, apertures for the escape of the warm air; O, screws attaching
the apparatus to the floor; P, handle of the lid C; Q, iron pieces to
maintain more strongly the apparatus; R, ears of air holes E.
Fig. 22 at 27 inclusive.-This moveable apparatus may be placed in
a carriage as an ordinary foot warmer. A is the first envelope; A¹, its
hinged lid; B, insides of the envelope provided with holes C to facilitate
the combustion, and with holes D through which runs the air to warm
between the first envelope A and the second envelope E; F, bolt to
shut the lid A¹; G, second envelope, and G¹ hinged lid below the lid A¹
to introduce the fire-box; H, square to maintain the space between the
both lids; I, apertures in the second envelope to facilitate the com-
bustion; J, apertures in each side of the second envelope for the samé
purpose, and the escape of the fire-box gas; K, square to maintain
between the envelopes the space forming air hot chamber; L, square to
maintain in position the fire-box; M, consisting of a vessel the rectangular
and vertical sides of which are provided at the upper part with notches
through which the air circulates above the fire-box; Ņ, handle of the
latter; O, apertures in the fire-box to facilitate the combustion.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 20th June 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Rue
de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in
the thirty-seven year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville,
Her special licence that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Henri Adrien Bonneville, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WARMING RAILWAY
CARRIAGES AND OTHERS, AND BOATS," communicated to me by Pierre
Grandjean, a person resident at La Chapelle, St. Denis, France, upon
the condition, amongst others, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my;
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to warming carriages, boats, and more especially
railway carriages, and consists substantially of moveable or fixed boxes
or foot warmers made of some suitable metal, and having two or three

page_text: envelopes or shells between which pass currents of air heated by means
of one or two moveables fire-boxes which are placed in the said boxes or
foot warmers.
These fire-boxes are fed with artificial fuel which so
slowly burns that the feeding is only necessary every eighteen or twenty
hours, and the expense is thus almost anything although the temperature
may reach a very high degree.
The apparatus constructed according to the above stated principles,
viz., the heated air constantly running between two or three envelopes,
and the moveable fire-box are illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings.
The Figures 1 at 10, 11 at 18, and 19 at 21 inclusive represent more
especially apparatus intented for railway or large public carriages, and
the Figures 22 at 27 inclusive show an apparatus designed for small or
private carriages. Similar letters indicate the same parts in each of the
four series of apparatus.
Fig. 1 at 10 inclusive.-This apparatus is fixed on a level with the
floor according to the cross section of carriages or waggons. A are the
fire-boxes hinged lids; B, the moveable fire-boxes; C, holes for the
escape of the gas; D, partitions to divide internally the gas; E, squares
to keep in position the fire-boxes; F, screws securing the apparatus to
the floor; G, sheet iron plates to regulate the passage of the air
necessary to the combustion; H, envelopes or sheels; I, air holes for
the combustion; J, K, apertures for the entrance of the cold air which
runs and warms between the envelopes; L, M, apertures for the escape
5 of heated air in the carriages; N, turnstiles to shut the lids A;
O, projections to keep the fire-boxes far from the inside envelopes ;
P, handles of the fire-boxes; Q, arc of circle to keep the lids open when
the fire-boxes B are fed; R, ondulated sheet iron plates placed forwards,
the apertures C to prevent the gas driving back during the motion of
) the carriage; S, wooden trellis to receive carpets and to facilitate
the circulation of the heated air over the apparatus.
Fig. 11 at 18 inclusive.--This apparatus as the above mentioned
apparatus is fixed across in the different compartments of carriages or
waggons, and projecting from the floor as the railway hot water kettles
5 now in use. A are the fire-boxes; B, holes perforated in end sides of
fire-boxes to facilitate the combustion; C, holes in the bottom of the
apparatus for the same purpose; D, apertures below the carriages or

page_text: waggons for escaping gas; E, bolts to keep the fire-boxes in position;
F, space between two envelopes through which the atmospheric air
circulates; G, attaching screws of the apparatus to the floor; H, apertures
in the ends of the envelopes for entrance and escape of the heated air.
Fig. 19, 20, and 21.-This apparatus is placed in the middle of each
compartment on a level with the floor of the carriage or waggon. A is
the moveable fire-box; B, the chimneys; C, the hinged lid of the
apparatus; D, the sliding fire-box lid; E, sheet iron square to maintain
the space between the said both lids; F, air holes of the second and
third envelopes G, H; I, space between the fire-box and the inside
envelope; J, chamber above the fire-box, from which extend the
chymneys B; K, hot-air chamber above the preceeding; L, sheet-iron
squares to maintain the space between the envelopes; M, bolt of the
lid C; N, apertures for the escape of warm air; O, screws attaching the
apparatus to the floor; P, handle of the lid C; Q, iron pieces to maintain
more strongly the apparatus; R, ears of air holes F..
Fig. 22 at 27 inclusive.-This moveable apparatus may be placed in a
carriage as an ordinary foot warmer. A is the first envelope; A¹, its
hinged lid; B, end sides of the envelope provided with holes O to
facilitate the combustion, and with holes D through which runs the air
to be warmed between the first envelope A and the second envelope E;
F, bolt to shut the lid A¹; G, second envelope, and G¹ hinged lid below
the lid A¹ to introduce the fire-box; H, square to maintain the space
between the both lids; I, apertures in the second envelopes to facilitate
the combustion; J, apertures in each side of the second envelopes for
the same purpose, and the escape of the fire-box gas; K, square to
maintain between the both envelopes the space forming air hot chamber;
L, square to maintain in position the fire-box M consisting of a vessel,
the rectangular and vertical sides of which are provided at the upper
part with notches through which the air circulates above the fire-box;
N, handle of the latter; O, apertures in the fire-box to facilitate the
combustion.
Having thus described the nature of the said improvements and the
manner in which the same are to be performed, I would have it understood
that I do not confine myself to the precise details enumerated or
illustrated in the annexed Drawings, which may obviously be modified
without departing from the principle of the Invention; but what I

page_text: claim and desire to secure by the said Letters Patent is, a moveable or
fixed apparatus provided with moveable fire-boxes or chambers, and two
or three envelopes or shells between which the air is warmed and
constantly circulates, combined, constructed, and operating as and for
the purpose described and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.