Improvements in or pertaining to Cleats for the Coamings of Ships' Hatchways.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 17th Aug., 1893-Accepted, 23rd Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or pertaining to Cleats for the Coamings of Ships'
Hatchways.
I THOMAS HENRY PAGE of 150 Leadenhall Street in the City of London
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Tarpaulins are at present secured on ships' hatches by being turned down over
the upper edges of the coamings round the hatchway and at a certain distance
down these coamings metallic or other bars or battens are longitudinally placed
over the edges of the tarpaulins being supported parallel it may be with the deck
by a number of cleats or small angled pieces preferably of metal the lower parts
whereof are attached to the coamings while the upper parts thereof constitute in
conjunction with the sides of the coamings jaws on the flat bottoms whereof these
battens rest and the battens and therefore also the edges of the tarpaulins behind
the same are secured in position by wooden or other wedges driven in between the
upper parts of the cleats and the battens and a great evil is experienced in and
with this method of securing tarpaulins on hatches in that these wedges and the
battens can quite possibly and perhaps even frequently be forced up and out of
these cleats by the action of an heavy sea or otherwise whereby obviously the
tarpaulins are released.
The object of my invention is to remedy this evil in a cheap and simple but very
efficient manner.
To carry out this object in and through it may be each cleat or if desired as
many of the cleats on each side of the hatchway as may be preferred in the proper
position at what forms the aforesaid flat bottom of the jaw I make an aperture of
the desired size and shape wherethrough can quite loosely be passed the heel of a
locking bolt the head whereof is greatly enlarged or formed of a T shape and
when this heel of the bolt has been passed through the aperture a pin can be
passed therethrough or a nut or other suitable appliance can be screwed or other-
wise secured thereon so that this bolt cannot be withdrawn from the aperture.
All these parts are preferably so arranged and proportioned that when not in
use the bolt will drop down in the aperture until its head rests on the flat bottom
of the jaw and when required the bolt can be lifted up and the batten can be
dropped or placed between the same and the coamings in the usual or other manner
in the jaw after the tarpaulin or tarpaulins has or have been turned down over the
upper edges of the coamings as aforesaid and placed between these coamings and
the batten and then the wedge can likewise be driven in on the other side of the
bolt that is between the same and the upper part of the cleat in the usual or other
manner whereby the enlarged head of this bolt engages the upper edges of both
the wedge and the batten which therefore cannot be forced up and out of this cleat
as the bolt is retained therein by the pin or nut or other appliance in or on its heel
and the wedge acting on the batten through the bolt secures the, tarpaulin or
tarpaulins on the hatches in the usual manner the aperture in the cleat allowing
such lateral motion to the bolt.
Dated this 17th 1...
Nohan 1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or pertaining to Cleats for the Coamings of Ships
Hatchways.
I THOMAS HENRY PAGE of 150 Leadenhall Street in the City of London
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
Tarpaulins are at the present time secured on and over ships' hatches by being
turned down over the upper edges of the coamings round the hatchways and at a
certain desired and convenient distance down these coamings metallic or other flat
bars or battens are longitudinally placed over the edges of the tarpaulins being
supported it may preferably be parallel with the deck of the ship by a number of
cleats or small angled pieces preferably of metal the lower parts whereof are
securely attached to the coamings while the upper parts thereof constitute in
conjunction with the outer sides of the coamings jaws on the flat or other bottoms
whereof these battens rest and the battens and therefore also the edges of the
tarpaulins behind the same or that is to say between the same and the outer sides
of the coamings are secured in position by wooden or other wedges which are
driven in between the upper parts of the cleats and the battens outside of such
battens.
A very great and grievous evil is experienced in and with the use of this method
of securing tarpaulins on and over ships' hatches in that these wedges and the
battens can quite possibly and even probably be and occasionally and perhaps even
frequently are forced up and out of these cleats by the action of an heavy sea or
otherwise whereby obviously the tarpaulins are released to the probable damage
of the cargo or whatever may be underneath the hatchways and perhaps even to
the possible danger of the ship.
-
Now the object of this my invention is to remedy this evil in a very simple and
cheap while extremely sure and efficient manner.
In order the more clearly to explain this my invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed I refer to the accompanying drawing wherein Figure 1 is
a front elevation of a part of a coaming of a ship's hatch way shewing one very
convenient and suitable form and style of construction of a cleat as fitted with and
according to my invention with the tarpaulin the batten and the wedge in position
and Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same.
The cleat A can be made in any convenient and usual or other manner and of
any suitable size and shape and to strengthen the same it is perhaps preferable to
create on the outer side thereof two webs B and this cleat A is secured in any
ordinary manner or otherwise in the desired position on the outer side of the
coaming D.
In and through that part E of the cleat A which is horizontal or
thereabouts and projects from the coaming D and which forms the aforesaid flat
or other bottom of the jaw which part E can most conveniently be made some-
what broader than is usual is formed an aperture F of the desired and appropriate
size and shape wherethrough can quite loosely be passed the shank of a locking
bolt H the head K whereof is greatly enlarged and formed of a T shape in both
directions that is to say parallel with the line of the coaming and transverse thereto
and this head K in the direction parallel with the coaming is preferably as long as
the upper part M of the cleat A which forms the aforesaid jaw is broad or there-
abouts while in the direction transverse to the coaming it is of such a breadth as
will allow it quite freely to fall down between the upper part M of the cleat A
and the coaming D. When the shank of the bolt H has been passed through the
aperture F a pin can be passed through the heel of such shank or a nut or other
suitable appliance can be screwed or otherwise secured thereon or as is perhaps
preferable and as is shewn in the drawing the heel N likewise can be enlarged and
formed of a T shape and this heel N and the aperture F may if desired be formed

page_text: of such corresponding and proportionate sizes and shapes that when the length of
the head K of the bolt H is transverse to the line of the coaming D the heel N
thereof can be passed through the aperture F and then when the length of the
head K of the bolt H is turned parallel with the line of the coaming D this enlarged
heel N cannot be drawn out through the aperture For otherwise in any convenient
manner and with any customary devices the heel of this bolt H can be so fitted
that it cannot be withdrawn from the aperture F and the shank of the bolt H is so
long and the deck P the coaming D and the cleat A are so arranged and pro-
portioned that when not in use this bolt H will drop down in the aperture F
preferably until its head K rests on the flat part E of the cleat A.
The action of this apparatus hereinbefore described and the method of using the
same are as follows.
When the hatches R are placed in position on the hatchway and the tarpaulin
or tarpaulins T is or are placed thereover as is customary and the edge or edges of
such tarpaulin or tarpaulins T is or are turned down over the upper edges of the
coamings D the bolt H can be lifted up and moved in the aperture F in such wise
as to allow the batten V to be dropped or placed between such bolt H and the
tarpaulin or tarpaulins T in the usual or other manner and then the wedge W can
be driven in between this bolt H and the upper part M or jaw of the cleat A
likewise in the usual or other manner forcing the bolt H to move along the
aperture and through such bolt H acting on and pressing the batten V in
towards the coaming D until the edge or edges of the tarpaulin or tarpaulins T is
or are tightly held and properly secured between such batten V and the coaming D
and the lateral shoulders or projecting edges of the enlarged head K of this bolt H
obviously engage or may engage and are immediately over the upper edges of
both the wedge W and the batten V which therefore cannot be forced up and out
of this cleat A as the bolt H is connected therewith and is retained therein by the
pin or nut or other appliance or device or the enlargement N in or on its heel as is
desired.
In the same manner each of the cleats all round the coamings of the hatchway or
so many and such of the same as may be desired and as may be necessary or
expedient may be fitted and treated and used.
I have thus described and I have shewn in the accompanying drawing as is
hereinbefore stated a very convenient and suitable form and style of construction
of a cleat as fitted with and according to this my invention but I would have it
clearly understood that I do not limit myself exactly and precisely thereto for as
is indeed evident the cleat and the bolt that is loose therein but is connected
therewith may be made of such forms and styles and may be fitted and connected
together in such manner as may be capable of and proper for causing or allowing
these parts to perform their desired functions as hereinbefore described and as may
be convenient or expedient or necessary in each particular case.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination with a cleat A having an aperture F of a bolt H passing
loosely through such aperture F but connected with such cleat A and having an
enlarged head K substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and
declared.
2. The improvements in or pertaining to cleats for the coamings of ships'
hatchways substantially as hereinbefore described and shéwn in the accompanying
drawing.
1000