Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 7th July, 1886.
☐ Complete Left, 7th Apr., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 10th May, 1887.
I WILLIAM DRYDEN, of Barras, Lochmaben, Dumfriesshire, Joiner, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention, to be as follows:-
This invention comprises a new or improved construction and arrangement of the
parts of fastenings for vertical sliding window sashos, for making them more secure
against burglars, and also allowing of their being able to be opened to a certain
extent, say six inches or so, the lower one upwards, or the upper one downwards, or
both partially opened, for ventilation, and secured whether so opened or closed by the
said fastenings.
The nature and novelty of the invention and improved construction of the
fasteners, consist all as follows:-In mounting on the upper surface of the lower
sash, close on each side over the vertical stile, a horizontal transverse sliding bolt or
locker, within a sliding slotted case, secured by flanges at each side, having notches
cut out of the centre of the side flanges to allow the hanging ropes to work down
through, either on the right or left hand side of the window. The locking bolt las
three positions of its motion, and has a shifting central stem projecting up through a
slot in the upper surface of its slide case, with an oscillating shifting and securing
catch on it. In the inner position the locking point is within its slide case even with
the joint between the upper rail of the lower sash, and the lower rail of the upper
sash, and it has a T shaped locking point which projects beyond the joint in two
positions. When the locking bolt is in its outmost position, its T head works into a
vertical T slotted slide, say about six inches long, with a solid stop at the top, the
slide being screwed to the vertical side stiles of the upper sash, with its lower end
just above the horizontal rail, to allow the bolt to pass under it into the slot, so
that in this outer position the lower sash can be raised six inches or so, until the
T heads of the two lockers come up against the stops of their T headed slots, but
cannot rise higher to let any person in through the open lower sash. Or otherwise,
when the lower sash is down, the upper sash can be brought down until the stops in
the upper end of the slots come down against the T headed lockers; or the lower
sash can be raised to the extent of three inches and the upper sash lowered to the
extent of three inches until the T headed lockers come in contact with the stops in

page_text: the centre of their maximum motion. When the locking bolts are shifted either
outwards or inwards to their mid position, their wide T heads come exactly under
the projecting edges of the T slotted slides, and they can only be shifted to this
position when both sashes are shut, the upper one completely down, and the lower one
completely up, so as to lock the sashes in this closed position; and in this position
the shifting and retaining lever catch above each locking bolt, falls by its own weight
into its sliding slot, and prevents the locking bolt from being drawn back or
unlocked except by the lifting of the weighted end of its locking catch from the
inside of the house. There would thus be no possibility of tampering with or shifting
the Theaded locking bolts from the outside of the window or through the joint of
the sashes. The hinged shifting weighted retaining catch might have other two
catches and notches for retaining the bolt in its outward and inward position,
although this is not so absolutely necessary as retaining the bolts in their mid locked
position, and thereby preventing them from being shifted to their inmost or unlocked
position. Although an automatic weighted hinged catch is described and preferred,
for retaining the bolt in its said locked positions, it will be evident that a spring catch
could also be used for this purpose.
These locking fittings would preferably be made of brass to prevent rusting,
although the bolt might be made of steel for lightness and strength, and they would
preferably be used in addition to the usual central locking catches at present in use,
but they might be used without these as a sufficient securety against burglars.

page_text: New or Improved Safety Fastenings for Window Sashes.
I, WILLIAM DRYDEN of Barras, Lochmaben, Dumfriesshire, Joiner, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement in
writing, reference being had to the accompanying sheet of Drawings, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
My invention comprises a new or improved construction and arrangement of the
parts of fastenings for vertical sliding window sashes, for making them more secure
against burglars, and also allowing of their being able to be opened to a certain
extent, say six inches or so, the lower one upwards, or the upper one downwards, or
both partially open for ventilation, and secured whether so opened or closed by the
said fastenings.
And in order that my said Invention, and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of Drawings, in which the same reference letters are
used to indicate corresponding parts in all the Figures where shown. Figures 1 and 2
are respectively a side and an end elevation of the moving locker A, A¹ and its
case B, B' and their fittings, constructed in accordance with the improvements of
my
invention, and for being secured to the top of the under sash of the window; while
Figures 3 and 4 show a plan, and sectional elevation, the latter taken on the line 1-1
of Figure 3 of the same locker and corresponding to Figure 1. And Figure 5 is a
sectional elevation, corresponding to Figure 4, but of a slightly different modification
shown as fitted with a spiral spring (" (in place of the blade spring C) for always
pressing the retaining catch a of the bolt A back against its stops 61, 62, and locked
and unlocked positions shown in Figures 9 and 11 and requires to be pressed forward
against the power of the spring to the position shown in Figure 10; in which case
the catch a and notch 63 may be dispensed with. Figures 6 and 7 are a front and
end view respectively of the fixed retaining stops T-recessed slide D, d, and Figure 8
an inverted plan corresponding to Figure 6; all drawn full size, and constructed in
accordance with my improvements. Figures 9, 10, and 11, show corresponding front
elevations and plans of a part of the upper and lower sashes S and S₁ at one side, as
fitted with my improved locker devices shown in Figures 1 to 8, and shown in three
different positions of the locking bolt A, A'.
Referring to these figures, the nature and novelty of my invention, and improved
construction of the fasteners which are formed in two main parts, namely a moving
locker A, A', and its case B, B', and fittings shown full size in detached views in
Figures 1 to 5, and of a fixed retaining stop slide D shown also full size in
Figures 6, 7 and 8, and consist all as follows:-
Referring to Figures 1 to 5, each moving locker consists of a small sliding hollow
block A with a projecting T headed locking bolt A projecting out through a slot in
the side of the hollow slide case B, having flanges B₁ by which it is screwed to the

page_text: upper part of the inner sash S, as seen in Figures 9 to 11. This sliding bolt A, A²,
has a stem A projecting up through a slot b in the top of the case B, over which a
retaining catch a is fulcrumed to the stem A². The case B is fitted with a plate B³,
below the sliding block A', which is fitted with a friction spring C within, rubbing on
the plate B. The retaining catch a is made heavy on the inner end with a
retaining projection a' below this working in the slot b; and having its light
forward or outer end a² rounded below to take on to a corresponding raised block B
on the upper side of the case B, so as to prevent the movement of this retaining
catch a on its fulcrum in the forward or outer position of the locking bolt A in which
position this is shown in these Figures 1 to 5 and in the elevation and plan of the
window Figure 10.
This bolt A, A however and its retaining catch a have two other positions as
dotted in respectively in Figures 1 and 4, and shown in Figures 9 and 11 of the
window.
By these improvements the case B, B¹ screwed on the upper surface of the
lower sash S, by its flanges B¹ close on each side over its vertical stiles, and having
its horizontal transverse T headed sliding bolt or locker A projecting out towards
the upper sash S¹ clear of the groove s cut in the frame S for the hanging ropes to
work down through, on one or it might be both sides of the window sash S, those
shown being all on the left hand side. The locking bolt A A¹ has three positions of
its motion as seen in Figures 9 to 11, with its shifting central stem A² projecting up
through a slot in the upper surface of its slide case B with the oscillating and
securing catch a fulcrumed on it. The locking projecting bolt A is moved within its
slide retaining case B parallel with the joint S between the upper rail of the lower
sash S, and the lower rail of the upper sash S¹, and it has a vertical T shaped locking
bolt A which projects towards the joint in its two locked positions, as shown in its
outward position in Figures 9 and 10 and its back position shown in Figure 11 in
which latter case the sashes can be moved up and down to any desired position.
When the locking bolt A. is in its outmost position as shown in Figures 1 to 5, and in
Figures 10, its T head works into the vertical T slotted slide D, d, shown in
Figures 7 to 8 say about six inches long with a solid stop D' at the top, the slide D
being screwed to the front of the vertical side stiles s¹ of the upper sash S¹ with its
lower end just above the horizontal rails of both sashes S, S¹, to allow the head of the
bolt A to pass under it through a slot D2 in one side and into the T headed slot d, so
that in this outer position the lower sash S can be raised six inches or so, until the
T heads A of the two lockers A, A' sliding in the grooves d, of the slides D, d, come
up against the stops D¹ of their T headed slots d but cannot rise higher to let any
person in through the open lower sash S. Or otherwise, when the lower sash S is
down, the upper sash S₁ can be brought down until the stops D' in the upper end of
the slots & come down against the Theaded lockers A; or the lower sash S can be
raised to the extent of three inches, and the upper sash S¹ lowered to the extent of
three inches until the T headed lockers A come in contact with the stops D' in the
centre of their maximum motion the two sashes being seen in this locked open
position in Figure 10. When the locking bolts A are shifted either outwards or
inwards to their mid position shown in Figures 9 their wide T heads A come
exactly under the projecting edges d' of the T slotted slides D, d and they can only
be shifted to this position when both sashes S, S', are shut, the upper one completely
up, and the lower one completely down as shown in Figures 9 and 11, so as to lock
the sashes in this closed position as shown in Figure 9; and in this position the
shifting and retaining lever catch a above each locking bolt A, falls by its own weight
into its sliding slot b, with the projection a¹ against the end 6' of the slot band
prevents the locking bolt A from being drawn back or unlocked except by the
lifting of the weighted end of its locking catch a from the inside of the house. There
would thus be no possibility of tampering with or shifting the T headed locking
bolts A from the outside of the window or through the joint S' of the sashes S, St
The hinged shifting weighted retaining catch a might have other two abutting
catches at a³, a³, and corresponding notches 6, 63, in the top of the case B for

page_text: retaining the bolt A in its outward and inward positions, although this is not so
absolutely necessary as the stops a¹ and 6' for retaining the bolts in their mid locked
position, and thereby prevent them from being shifted to their inmost unlocked
position. Although an automatic weighted hinge catch a¹ is described and preferred,
for retaining the bolt A, A', in its said locking positions, it will be evident that a
spring catch could also be used for this purpose.
These locking fittings would preferably be made of brass to prevent rusting,
although the bolt might be made of steel for lightness and strength, and they would
preferably be used in addition to the usual central locking catches at present in use,
but they might be used without these as a sufficient security against burglars. The
Theaded slotted slide retaining case Dd shown detached Figures 6 to 8 is shown as
screwed on to the front surface of the stile s¹ of the sash S¹, Figures 9 to 11 in which
case a recess has to be cut in the lower sash S to allow the window to move over
this case; but this case may be sunk into the stile s' and not require this piece to be
cut out of the sash S at the joint S. Or in some cases a slotted flat plate D, d might
be substituted for the case, and screwed on to the front of the stiles, and have the
T headed groove as d cut out of the solid wood for the securing bolt head A to move
in; or a plate D with one projecting edge d¹ may be used instead of the double or
T-headed slot shown in these Figures.
Instead of having a stop projection or projections a¹, a³, a³, on the underside of the
weighted oscillating catch a, a jointed catch might be used, hinged on the side of.
the weighted catch a, which might take into catches in the upper side of the case B
to retain the bolt A in its three positions, instead of the notches or projections b², 63, 6³,
in the centre.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
བར
said invention,
do not confine
myself to the precise form of the parts herein described or delineated, but what I
claim is :-
First. The general construction or arrangement and combination of the parts of
safety fastenings or locking devices for sliding window sashes, all substantially as
and for the purposes and advantages herein described, in reference to and shown in the
accompanying Drawings.
Second. The construction and use of a horizontal locking sliding bolt A, A' either
with a weighted or spring retaining catch a and a vertical retaining stop slide
case or plate D, d, for securing to the sashes of windows, for locking them in two
positions, namely when quite close, or so as to open a few inches at top and bottom of
the window, substantially as and for the purposes and advantages herein described in
reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Third. In safety fastenings for sliding window sashes, the construction and use of a
horizontal double slotted guide case B, B', and plate B with locking lateral sliding
bolt A, A', with shifting handle A' and either with a blade or spiral spring, for being
secured to the top of the under sash, substantially as and for the purposes herein
described, in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth. In safety fastenings for sliding window sashes, the construction and use of
a vertical slotted plate D, d, d', with stop D¹ for securing the stile of the upper
sash, substantially as and for the purposes herein described, in reference to and
particularly shown in Figures 6 to 8 of the accompanying Drawings.