matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING APPARATUS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Sargent and Charles
Temple at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 6th March 1872.
We, CHARLES SARGENT and CHARLES TEMPLE, both of New Cross, in
the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
The object of our Invention is to provide vessels of every kind with
steering apparatus to be used in case of accident to the ordinary rudder
and in some cases as auxiliary thereto.
We propose to employ two additional rudders, one on each side of
the ordinary rudder, fitting these additional rudders upon the ship's
counter at such distance from the ordinary rudder as we may in practice
find most suitable, and by means of gudgeons or otherwise, but so that
when not required they may lie close against the counter and offer no
obstruction to the passage of the vessel through the water. We propose
to work these supplementary or auxiliary rudders by means of chains
from the ordinary wheel or by a separate wheel working either or both
of the auxiliary rudders.
IMPROVED MEANS OF VENTILATING SHIPS OR VESSELS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th December 1872.-A communication from abroad by James
Reilly, of the City, County, and State of New York, United States
of America.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OF VENTILATING SHIPS OR VESSELS,"
to be as follows:-
The object in view in this Invention is to provide efficient means for
discharging the foul air from the holds of steamships or vessels provided
with steam boilers for hoisting or other purposes, and it consists in one
or more pipes of metal, or partly metal, extending into the hold or com-
partment to be ventilated, and into the smoke stack or chimney of the
boilers, or arranged in any manner so that a draft of air is produced by
means of heat.
The tubes, of which there may be one or more, extend from the hold
or part of the ship to be ventilated to the chimney, either to the top of

page_text: the chimney or simply discharging into it, as may be found most
effective.
The chimney may be constructed with one or more vertical compart-
ments with which the ventilating tubes may connect.
I do not confine myself to any particular apparatus or arrangement of 5
pipes, as the Invention consists in connecting the hold of a vessel with
the chimney or smoke stack by a tube or tubes.
It is believed that by this method the foul air in the holds of ships
may be discharged, as the air in the chimney will be rarified by the heat
which will create a draft to draw off the foul air.
The connection may be made with the furnace or fire-box beneath
the base of the chimney if desired.
1
AN IMPROVEMED DRAG OR BRAKE FOR THE BOBBINS ON SPINNING FRAMES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Gilmore at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
January 1872.
I, ALFRED GILMORE, of Tandragee, in the County of Armagh,
Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "AN
IMPROVEMED DRAG OR BRAKE FOR THE BOBBINS ON SPINNING FRAMES," to be as
follows, that is to say :-
This Invention, which relates to a piece of mechanism to be employed
in conjunction with the spindles of spinning frames whereby the use
of cords and weights to regulate the tension of the thread as it is
being wound on to the bobbins is obviated, consists in attaching to
the upper surface of the "builders," at that part where they immediately
surround the bobbin spindles, a disc of metal having on its upper side
two pins which enter into corresponding holes or openings in the
bottom of the bobbin. On the under side of the disc two levers are.
centred loosely, and one end of each lever is provided with an adjustable
ball or weight. As the spindles revolve the bobbins drag the discs
round with them by means of the pins above referred to, and the
centrifugal force thereby imparted to the balls or weights on the levers

page_text: on the under side of the discs tends to throw these balls or weights
outwards, and thus presses the extremities of the levers opposite to
that whereon the balls are situated against the faces of the "builders,"
and so produces by their friction the amount of drag or retarding
motion on the bobbins necessary to give a regular and even wind of
thread.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STENCH TRAPS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Brocklehurst and
James Crossley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 6th December 1872.
We, JOSEPH BROCKLEHURST, Butcher, and JAMES CROSSLEY, Tin
Plate Worker, both of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said -Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STENCH
TRAPS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to make stench traps which cannot
be clogged and thereby prevent the escape of bad smells and noxious
gases from drains, sewers, and other places more effectually than has
hitherto been attained.
Each trap consists of an outer casing or cylinder having at the top a
pipe connected with the passage through which the refuse water, slops,
sewage, and other matters escape to the drains, and at the bottom a
conical passage or seating having an acute angle, the lower part of the
casing being also of an angular or curved shape.
To the lower end of the casing is connected a pipe which surrounds
the seating and leads to the drain, sewer, or other place, and in the

page_text: interior of the casing there is a hollow air-tight vessel having at the
bottom a conical plug which can enter and fit the conical seating at the
bottom of the casing.
When the refuse water or sewage is required to escape to the drain
it passes through the upper pipe into the casing, and raises the inner
vessel which lifts the conical plug from its seating to allow the water
or other matters to pass to the drain, and after the passage the inner
vessel falls and the plug enters the seating to prevent the escape of
offensive effluvia and noxious gases to the dwellings or other places
where it is desirable to be excluded, and as the seating is acute 1
without any cross bars there are no obstructions to the passage of
coarser matters.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINE OR OTHER MOTIVE-POWER GOVERNORS, & APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Douglas Hughes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th July 1872.
I, GEORGE DOUGLAS HUGHES, of No. 22, London Road, in the Town of
Nottingham, in the County of Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINE
OR OTHER MOTIVE-POWER GOVERNORS, & APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to
be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the regulating the speed and power
of steam or other motive-power engines, and effecting economy of fuel
in working the same. To effect this object I construct a valve having
a double piston or winged valve. On the under side of such piston
or wing valves I form V or other shaped apertures; the upper side
of one valve I make equal in area to the under side of the other,
thus causing the valves to work in equilibrio as regards the pressure
from the motive-power agent. The under side wings are for regulating
the passage of the steam or other motive-power fluid or agent; the shell
or outer casing of the valve is provided with suitable inlet and outlet
orifices for the ingress and egress of the steam or other motive-power
agent.

page_text: I also construct a governor for regulating the admission of the steam
or other motive-power agent in the following manner :-On a cast-iron
frame, the base of which may form the cover of the above valve, I
attach and fit a hollow or solid spindle; suspended from this spindle by
means of a joint and pin are attached two radial arms, at the lower ends
of which are fixed two metal spheres one on each arm; the upper ends
of these arms are wing shaped, the upper sides being formed in parabolic
curves; above these curves and resting thereon I fix a weight or ball
connected with the valve above described, by means of a rod attached
to the valve spindle.
The action of the combined governor and throttle is as follows:-
The spindle of the governor is driven by means of a pair of bevil
or mitre wheels, and a cross shaft and pulley from a pulley on the
engine or other suitable shaft, and by means of these pulleys the speed
may be regulated as required. When the engine is running at the 1
proper given speed the governor remains stationary, the balls revolving
steadily in one position, but so soon as that speed is exceeded or
decreased the balls or spheres fly out or are depressed centrifugally,
and the parabolic curved arms acting upon the weight raise or lower
the valves by means of the rod and spindle, thereby instantly regulating 2
the admission of steam or motive-power agent, and causing the engine
to run at a given speed with the least possible variation, according
to the work required to be done, and causing fuel to be economised
thereby.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SPOTTED YARNS OR THREADS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Ballantyne at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
December 1872.
I, DAVID BALLANTYNE, of Tweed Vale Mills, Walkerburn, near
Innerleithen, in the County of Peebles, North Britain, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SPOTTED YARNS OR THREADS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a simple contrivance for the manufacture of
certain yarns or threads, and has for its object the forming together of
different colored wools or other fibrous materials into one spotted or
mottled sliver, to be afterwards spun into yarn or thread having a spotted
or mottled appearance.
To carry out this object instead of employing the condenser doffer
at present in use, which consists of a solid cylinder with the cards
fixed on it in continuous or unbroken rings, the condenser doffer which
constitutes the present Invention has its surface composed of a series

page_text: of rings of cards, each ring being so broken or divided laterally as that
two or more different coloured wools or other fibrous material may be
taken off and united together in one sliver, which is subsequently spun
in the usual manner into yarn, presenting the desired spotted or
mottled appearance.
.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEREOSCOPES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Charles Henderson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th June 1872.-A communication from abroad by Jean Pillet,
Manufacturer, of No. 6, Rue des Filles-du-Calvaire, Paris, France.
I, ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON, of No. 31, Charing Cross, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEREOSCOPES,"
a communication to me from abroad by Jean Pillet, Manufacturer, of
No. 6, Rue des Filles-du-Calvaire, Paris, France, to be as follows:—
The object of this Invention is to admit of the regulation of the glasses
to suit various sights. This is effected in the following manner :-
The glasses are fitted into caps or cylinders capable of being drawn in
or out as desired by aid of a movable drawer actuated by a rack and
pinion movement on cach side of the drawer; the pinions are mounted
on an horizontal shaft, at each end of which is an external button or
knob, by turning which the drawer and glasses are made either to
advance or recede as desired, so as to accommodate the sight. A small
spring placed at the side of the apparatus near the bottom or ground
glass admits of the removal of the photographic cards by gently pressing
it in.
APPLYING POTATOE STARCH, OR ITS DERIVATES FOR THE SIZING OF WOOLLEN OR WORSTED WARPS OR YARN
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carlos Delattre at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
April 1872.
I, CARLOS DELATTRE, of Roubaix, France, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "APPLYING POTATOE STARCH,
OR ITS DERIVATES FOR THE SIZING OF WOOLLEN OR WORSTED WARPS OR YARN,"
to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in applying potatoe starch or its derivates
leïogomme or dextrine, either alone or in combination together, or
with other suitable feculent or other materials for the sizing of woollen
or worsted warps or yarns, instead of the animal glue hitherto made use
of for that purpose.
The potatoe starch, leïgomme, or dextrine is made into size in any
suitable manner, and suitable quantities of starch made from grains
or other vegetable matters may be mixed therewith, and, if wished,
suitable quantities of animal gluc, soda, tallow, paraffin, glycerine,
aphenic acid added thereto. The size thus obtained and suitably heated
may be applied to woollen or worsted warps or yarns by hand or by
any suitable sizing machine.
IMPROVEMENts in Belts or Bands used for COLLIERY WINDING, SUSPENSION BRIDGES, AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Whittaker Scott at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th August 1872.
I, FREDERICK WHITTAKER SCOTT, of the Firm of Scott Brothers,
Knutsford Vale, West Gorton, in the County of Lancaster, Wire Rope
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENts in Belts or Bands used for COLLIERY WINDING, SUSPENSION
BRIDGES, AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
Instead of the wire rope hitherto used for colliery winding and other
purposes I make a belt or band composed of two or more layers of flat
steel, charcoal iron, or other suitable metal, and of a thickness or breadth
according to the purpose required. When practicable I make the strips,
layers, or plates forming the belt or band each of one piece, but when
required to be of excessive length I join two or more strips of metal
3 together, according to the desired length, by brazing, welding, or
rivetting.

page_text: It will not be always necessary to fasten the strips, layers, or plates
together, but when desired they may be secured by clips, rivets, or any
other suitable means.
This metal belt or band is peculiarly applicable to the construction of
suspension and similar bridges.
AN IMPROVED ADJUSTING SPANNER
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter B. Chapin at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
August 1872.
I, WALTER B. CHAPIN, of Wickford, Rhode Island, United States
of America, now of No. 8, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED ADJUSTING
SPANNER," to be as follows:
My said Invention relates to an adjusting spanner or wrench for
fastening and unfastening screw bolts and nuts, and consists in the
peculiar construction and arrangement of contrivances whereby the
movable jaw of the said spanner is very readily adjusted to fit different
sized bolt heads or nuts, and when adjusted is tightly and securely
held so that it will not be displaced by any force exerted in using the
spanner.
My improved spanner or wrench is constructed as follows:—I make
the handle and fixed jaw of one piece of wrought iron or other suitable
metal. Between the fixed jaw and the handle is a recess or cavity for
the reception of the adjustable jaw, this recess being of sufficient length

page_text: to permit the required extent of movement of the said jaw. At the
inner end of this recess I form a strong shoulder or abutment from
which the handle extends preferably in an inclined direction.
Within the said recess and extending from the fixed jaw to the
shoulder I place a guide bar which lies parallel with the bottom of the
recess. The said guide bar is formed on its inner and outer sides or
edges with ratchet teeth. The movable jaw has an aperture made
through it of suitable size to permit it to move freely on the guide bar;
the said jaw is placed on the guide bar and the latter is then fitted into
holes or cavities in the fixed jaw and shoulder and firmly secured therein
by rivetting or otherwise.
The hole through the movable jaw is inclined so that when the face of
the movable jaw stands parallel with that of the fixed jaw the upper
edge of the hole at the back takes into the ratchet teeth on the upper
side of the guide bar and the lower edge of the hole at the face of the
said jaw takes into the teeth on the lower or inner side of the said guide
bar, but if the movable jaw is tipped slightly forward the hole lies.
parallel with the guide bar, and the jaw will pass freely over the teeth.
The bottom of the said movable jaw which is flanged to fit a
longitudinal rib in the bottom of the recess is also inclined in the same
direction as the hole to permit the said jaw to be tipped as above
described. A spring is attached to the shoulder of the spanner with its
free end projecting under the movable jaw and so arranged that it tends
always to keep the said jaw upright with its edges pressed in the teeth
of the guide bar. In this position the said jaw is securely held and will
not be displaced by any amount of force exerted in using the spanner.
When it is required to adjust the said jaw it is tipped forward by a
slight pressure upon its upper back edge and may then be easily moved
in either direction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SOLDERING BOLTS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hamilton and Robert
Paterson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 17th October 1872.
We, JOHN HAMILTON and ROBERT PATERSON, both of Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SOLDERING BOLTS," to be as
follows, that is to say:―
This Invention has for its objects to render soldering bolts more
effective and more durable, and to avoid the great loss of time and risk
of injury involved in the ordinary mode of heating such bolts.
The Invention consists in fitting in connection with the handle of the
bolt a burner arranged to combine air with ordinary illuminating or
other suitable combustible gas, and to direct the flame upon the copper
head of the tool, so as to keep such point heated to the temperature
found most suitable for the soldering operation. In one modification
the burner receives its supply of gas through a flexible tube from any
convenient gas service pipe, whilst the air is supplied to it through
another flexible tube from a receiver or other convenient source, from

page_text: which it can be delivered with the requisito steady pressure. The
burner consists of two tubes, one within the other, and the gas enters
the central one and issues from perforations in the front part of it
which projects beyond the outer tube, whilst the air entering the
annular space between the two tubes issues by perforations made in the
closed end of the outer tube, and blows along the surface of the
projecting central tubo. With this arrangement of burner a strong
blow pipe flame is formed, and is directed against the copper head or
bolt held in front of it by one or more rods or stout wires. The back
of the copper bolt may be pointed, or it may be corrugated or indented
to present the greator surface to the flame, or the bolt may be made
hollow or tubular for the flame to play inside of or through it.
The improved construction not only renders the instrument lighter, so
that it may be more easily handled, and so be applicable to the most
delicate soldering operation, but also provides for the maintenance
of a constant and sufficient temperature, facilitating superior workman-
ship.
AN IMPROVED SHEDDING MOTION FOR LOOMS FOR WEAVING FANCY FABRICS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Bell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th February
1872.
I, JAMES BELL, of Droylsden, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SHEDDING
MOTION FOR LOOMS FOR WEAVING FANCY FABRICS," to be as follows:-
:-
The improved shedding motion which forms the subject of this
Invention consists of an apparatus somewhat similar to a "jacquard
machine," whereby I am enabled to work the required number of shafts
or healds in both directions (that is both upwards and downwards) by
means of needles and perforated cards, and thus to dispense with the use
of weights or springs.
I employ one needle and three hooks for each shaft or heald, the
needle having three loops, through each of which one hook passes. The
two outer hooks are bent in the same direction whilst the inner or
central hook is bent in the reverse direction, so that the movement
of the needle which would engage both the outer hooks with their

page_text: respective knives would throw the inner or central hook clear, and
vice versa.
The lower ends of the hooks are made with long eyes or slots through
which pass
thrée bars attached to a sliding frame placed below the
grid or "griffe" and working in the reverse direction. This frame is
raised when the grid or "griffe" descends by means of two levers or
jacks, and is pulled down by the descent of the disengaged hooks when
the grid or "griffe" rises.
The outer hooks are attached by cords direct to the top bar of the
heald or shaft, and the inner or central hook is attached by cords to the
inner ends of two treadles or "jacks" whose outer ends are similarly
connected to the lower bar of the heald or shaft, and the consequence
is that each heald or shaft is balanced and is moved up or down so
as to open or shed the warps according to whether its corresponding
needle throws the outer hooks or the inner hook into gear with the grid
or "griffe."
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CAMBERING LEATHER, LEATHER CLOTH, AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Laurent Crévissier and Leopold
Lecamp at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 12th June 1872.
WC, LAURENT CRÉVISSIER and LEOPOLD LECAMP, of Reims (France),
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR CAMBERING LEATHER, LEATHER CLOTH, AND OTHER FABRICS," to
be as follows:-
The characteristic features of this Invention are the facility and
rapidity with which two checks or side pieces are pressed together
and again released, and the simplification or smoothing of the creases
or folds which are produced on the leather or fabric. These improve-
ments are effected by means of two parallel cheeks which camber or
press the leather on a vertical mandril or thin former, which is provided
with a spring for distributing the power applied. The tightening or
pressing together of the two cheeks, and the loosening or releasing of
the same are produced by means of a small fly wheel which works two
toothed wheels mounted on screws which effect the bringing together
and the separating of the cheeks between which coiled springs are
fitted.

page_text: The apparatus is composed of a table or frame on which are fixed a
larger and a smaller column or support. On the larger column a lever
has its fulcrum, while the smaller column has jointed to it a large
spring which is shaped to correspond to the form or configuration of
the mandril or "former," for the purpose of uniformly distributing
the power applied, and thus produce regularity in the work while
simplifying or as it were smoothing the creases or folds caused by
the cambering or pressing. This spring has one end attached to the
larger support. The lever is provided at its rear end with a counter-
weight for producing equilibrium with the front portion which has a
Landle, and carrics at about its middle the two cheeks which produce
the cambering on the mandril or "former." The tightening up and
releasing of these cheeks is effected with great promptitude and facility
by means of two screw bolts on which toothed wheels are fitted, these
wheels being driven by a fly wheel and pinions. Coiled springs fitted on
the bolts between the cheeks push the cheeks apart when the pinions are
unscrewed or loosened. The mandril or former is firmly fixed to the
table in a recess or cup which receives the water squeezed out of the
leather; this water runs off by a pipe into a vessel below. At the
weighted end of the lever is a chain which is hooked to the table when
the leather to be cambered is being put in place, and at the front of the
machine is a button on a long rod for unhooking the chain when the
parts are ready for work.
AN IMPROVE- MENT IN HOLDING OR BOTTLING AND DRAWING OFF CIDER
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lucien Albert Marie Helie at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 22nd March 1872.-A communication from Julien François
Brosse, of Rue Choiseul, No. 22, á Paris.
I, LUCIEN ALBERT MARIE HELLE, of Paris, Rue Rochechonart, No. 47,.
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVE-
MENT IN HOLDING OR BOTTLING AND DRAWING OFF CIDER," to be as follows:-
Cider is a beverage which has never hitherto been consumed in a
condition favourable to its nature. When it is sold in large quantities
it loses a great portion of its properties, and when it is put into jars or
bottles they are unable to bear its gaseous fermentation, and a large
quantity is lost either in consequence of the breaking of the bottles or of
the effect of the escape of gas at the moment when the cork is removed,
and besides the cider which remains in the bottle after it has been
uncorked rapidly spoils.
Now this Invention consists in bottling cider in syphons under
pressure. The syphoidal vessels employed for seltzer water or soda
water are constructed so as to be capable of resisting a pressure on their
interior equal to 10 atmospheres. I likewise propose to construct the
bottles to contain the cider so that they may be capable of perfectly

page_text: bearing any pressure which the bottling of the liquor may impose upon
them, and I combine with the natural inner pressure which the fermen-
tation of the cider in a closed vessel produces an artificial pressure of
carbonic acid gas at the moment when the cider is being bottled; so that
at the same time that the bottling of the cider in the syphon takes place
I add an artificial pressure of carbonic acid gas to the natural gaseous
pressure of the cider, so that in proportion to the consumption there
exists in the interior of the syphon a sufficient pressure to force out of
it the last drop which it contains. I charge the cider with carbonic acid
gas in a similar manner to that followed in the manufacture of seltzer
water, and the introduction of the gaseous cider is effected in the same
way.
The bottling of cider under pressure in syphons constitutes an
industrial and commercial process of great importance, for by it the
beverage is clarified and presented to the consumer in an agreeable form
which must largely increase its consumption, and bottled in this way
the cider will be utilized without any possible waste up to the last
drop.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF COAL, AND IN THE PREPARATION OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th May 1872.—A communication from abroad by Charles Gaspard
Antoine Peillon, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF COAL, AND IN THE
PREPARATION OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL," a communication to me from abroad
by Charles Gaspard Antoine Peillon, of Paris, in the Republic of France,
to be as follows :—
This Invention consists in increasing the activity and heating powers
of ordinary coal as it is obtained from the pit, or of artificial fuel
compressed into blocks by the thorough and complete admixture of
petroleum (by preference raw petroleum), with the said coal or with the
tar employed in agglomerating the mass in the preparation of bricks or
blocks of artificial compressed fuel.
The proportion of petroleum employed will depend on the quality of
the coal and may vary from one to two nasta be weight of telom de

page_text: five hundred parts by weight of coal, or from three and a half to seven
pints of petroleum to one ton of coals. The admixture of the petroleum
with the coal may be accomplished by any well known and suitable
arrangement of mixer, or may be effected by hand by the aid of a spade
: or shovel.
To obtain the best results the petroleum should by preference be
mixed with the coal a short time before using the same, but it is not
advisable to keep the coal too long as the effects will then be less
favorable.
I
IMPROVEMENTS IN COUNTING APPARATUS SUITABLE FOR HANK-WINDING MACHINES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Conlong and James
Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 7th June 1872.
We, JAMES CONLONG, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, and
JAMES SMITH, of Clayton-le-Moors, in the same County, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COUNTING
APPARATUS SUITABLE FOR HANK-WINDING MACHINES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to counters for indicating the quantity of yarn
wound during intervals of time in warping mills, and in hank-winding
machines, and in slubbing and roving frames, and is also applicable to
other counters or indicators, as, for example, to engine counters and
to indicators for registering distances traversed by vehicles. In such
counters, constructed in manner according with our said Invention, the
unit index is mounted on one end of a central shaft or spindle which
receives a revolving motion in the usual or in a suitable manner. The said
shaft or spindle carries with it in its revolution a pinion which gears with
two spur wheels which vary slightly in the numbers of their teeth, as, for

page_text: example, one wheel may have one tooth more than the other wheel. The
axis of the said pinion revolves entirely around the circumference of the
said wheels during each revolution of the said shaft or spindle, and as one
of the said wheels is prevented from revolving, and the other one is directly
connected with the second index, the said index is revolved to an extent
corresponding with one tooth of one of the said wheels during each
revolution of the said spindle or shaft. If a third index is required the
spur wheel, which is permitted to revolve and is directly connected with
the second index, carries with it a second pinion which gears with a
second pair of spur wheels which vary in the numbers of their teeth, as
herein-before indicated, one of the said wheels being prevented from
revolving, the other wheel being directly connected with the said third
index. In the same manner other pinions, pairs of spur wheels, and
indices may be employed according to the number of indices required, or
which can be conveniently used in a single counter. The dial is marked
to suit the purpose for which the counter is required.
An IMPROVED SPRING FLOWER OR BOUQUET HOLDER
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Richards, George Law-
rence, and Joseph William Lingard at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 2nd May 1872.
We, JOHN RICHARDS, GEORGE LAWRENCE, and JOSEPH WILLIAM
LINGARD, Co-partners, and trading under the Firm of "Richards,
Lawrence, and Lingard," at Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Jewellers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for “An
IMPROVED SPRING FLOWER OR BOUQUET HOLDER," to be as follows :—
The object of this Invention is, by the means herein-after mentioned,
to provide a secure holder for a single flower, or for several forming a
bouquet.
There is first provided a hollow receptacle for the flower or flowers
desired to be held, and this hollow vessel may be of any convenient
shape, but by preference takes the form of a locket, or a cross, or any
other ornamental design; a plate of an ornamental character is now
hung upon the front of the hollow vessel before named from its middle
or rear part, and in such manner that the front or upper end of the

page_text: ornamental plate is pressed downwards upon the hollow vessel by the
action of a spring provided for that purpose. The said plate is provided
at its front or upper end with a pin or sharp spike affixed thereto in a
vertical or cross direction, and thero being an aperture provided in the
upper end of the front part of the hollow vossel, through which by the
action of the spring before mentioned this pin is forced against the
opposite or back part of the hollow vessel, it will be obvious that upon
the flowers being placed in the said hollow vessel or receptacle they
will be held securely therein by the said pin or spike before mentioned
passing through their stems.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STAIR RODS AND THEIR FASTENINGS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th June 1872.-A communication from abroad by Eldridge J.
Smith, of Washington, District of Columbia, United States of
America.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STAIR RODS AND THEIR
FASTENINGS," a communication, to be as follows:
--
The said Invention relates to a peculiarly constructed stair rod, and
contrivances for securing or fastening the same.
:
The said rod is made of wood and is triangular in transverse section ;
it is provided at its ends with metal plates which are secured to the rod
on the upper side, or that side which forms the hypotheneuse of the
triangle, the said plates serving both as means for securing the rod and
also as ornaments for the same. These plates are formed to cover the
ends of the triangular wooden rod, and have at their inner or lower side
a projecting flange or foot. I prefer that the flanges should have slots
or openings made in them.

page_text: .
For securing the said rods to the stairs I use small screw hooks or
bent pieces, which are fixed in the angles or corners of the stairs. When
the rods are to be fastened the slots in the plates are placed over the
shanks of the said hooks or bent pieces, whose heads or bent portions
are then turned inward over the part of the flange between the slots and
the ends of the rods. When the rods are to be removed the hook or
bent piece at one end of the same must be turned outward, so that
its head will be over the slot and will thus leave the plate unfastened.
This end of the rod can then be raised clear of the said hook, and the
other end may be drawn out without disturbing the other hook.
If desired the fastening plates may be made without the slots, the
hooks being then placed with their heads or bent portions projecting
over the edge of the flanges or feet of the said plates.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SUBMARINE OR OTHER CABLES FOR THE CONVEYANCE OF ELECTRICITY
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Highton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
April 1872.
I, HENRY HIGHTON, M.A., of Putney, in the County of Surrey, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SUBMARINE OR OTHER CABLES FOR THE CONVEYANCE OF ELECTRICITY," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in the application to the conducting wires
of cables which are covered with gutta percha or caoutchouc or similar
materials of a solution of paraffin, or ozokerit, or shellac for the purpose
of filling up the minute pores and improving the insulation, or the
coated wire may be with the same object rubbed with a volatile
solvent.
ر
IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING WASTE PRODUCTS OBTAINED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PHOSPHORUS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN METALLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING PHOSPHORUS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacob Hort Player at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
November 1872.
I, JACOB HORT PLAYER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING WASTE PRODUCTS OBTAINED IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF PHOSPHORUS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN METALLIC COMPOUNDS
CONTAINING PHOSPHORUS," to be as follows:-
In the manufacture of phosphorus a large quantity of gaseous
matter escapes from the condensers. This gaseous matter contains
among other things phosphuretted hydrogen or gaseous phosphorus
compounds from which phosphorus cannot be obtained by the ordinary
process of manufacture.
My Invention consists principally in removing from the said gaseous
matter the phosphorus contained therein in a state of combination in
which it has a commercial value. This part of my Invention consists in
passing the gaseous matter produced in the manufacture of phosphorus
through a solution of sulphate of copper. The gaseous phosphorus
compound is thereby decomposed; the phosphorus contained therein

page_text: combines with the copper of the sulphate of copper solution, and forms
thorewith a solid phosphide of copper.
It is well known that metallic copper containing a small per-centage
of phosphorus possesses greater tenacity than pure copper, and is
otherwise superior in many respects to puro copper.
The manufacture of copper containing the small per-centage of
phosphorus referred to has heretofore been effected by the direct addition
of phosphorus to melted copper. This method of manufacture is wasteful
in exection and uncertain in result. And my Invention further consists
in manufacturing copper with the requisite per-centage of phosphorus
necessary to give it the tenacity and other valuable properties herein-
before referred to by adding phosphide of copper to melted copper.
By this process the manufacture of the tenacious copper is rendered
economical in practice, and certain and uniform in result.
The phosphide of copper obtained by utilizing in the manner herein- 1
before described the waste gaseous products resulting from the manu-
facture of phosphorus is well adapted for this purpose, although the
same compound otherwise obtained may be used for the same purpose.
By adding phosphide of copper in the required proportions to melted
copper, alloys, or compounds of copper and phosphorus having the 2
required composition, and possessed in the required degree of the pro-
perties communicated by phosphorus can be readily obtained.
The tenacity and other valuable properties communicated to copper
by phosphorus are also communicated by phosphorus to alloys of
copper, and the addition of the required amount of phosphorus to:
copper alloys may be conveniently made by the use of phosphide of
copper.
INTUITIVE INSTRUCTION IN NUMERATION
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Keene at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th May
1872. A communication from abroad by Adolphe Pétry, the
Director of the Government Middle Class School in Mons, in the
Kingdom of Belgium.
I, JOHN KEENE, of Number One, Scott's Yard, Bush Lane, Cannon
Street, in the City of London, Certificated Special Pleader and Foreign
Jurisconsult, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"INTUITIVE INSTRUCTION IN NUMERATION," to be as follows:-
It is an apparatus intended to convey intuitive instruction in the
numeration of entire numbers and of decimal fractions. It is contained
in three parts A, B, C.
The first exercises in calculations are made on the lower part C, which
is a common net.
The verbal numeration is taught on the upper part A. Some of the
balls contained in the box A are placed upon the rods (b), (c), (d), Fª,
to represent the units of the different orders and thus to form the
numbers. The middle portion B, which is a board painted black, is

page_text: used for the exposition of written numeration. It suffices to write there
with chalk below each rod the cypher indicating the number of units or
balls which it carries, and putting a naught (0) under that which does
not carry anything. The numbers hereto formed will be thus written
in cyphers.
If one is engaged with decimal fractions, the arithmomètre is arranged
in another manner. The movable board (e) must be raised after having
removed the movable frame (f), and returning it, be put into its place
again, letting it slide along the grooves (5), (k).
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Zysel at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
December 1872.
I, FRANCIS ZYSEL, of Cecil Street, Mile End Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER," to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to a combination of screws with toothed gearing,
and consists in the use of screws which turned right and left com-
municate a come-and-go motion to a nut or cylinder in which they
travel; a lever attached at one end to the cylinder or nut and connected
by the other to a crank brings this crank horizontal; and to throw it
beyond the centre and cause it to revolve I use a double screw in
addition to the foregoing or in place of one of them. These screws have
at one end cog wheels gearing with a main wheel, to which a recipro-
cating motion is given by means of a bar fixed to it by a pin through its
centre, the other end of this said bar being attached to nuts through
which travel screws, at the end of each of which is a toothed wheel; both
of these wheels gear with a same cog placed between them and causing

page_text: them to revolve in opposite directions; on the spindle of each of these
toothed wheels is another wheel toothed on part only of its periphery so
as to give a cam motion, these wheels being so set upon their respective
spindles that while the toothed part of one of them is in gear with a
screw upon the shaft of a fly wheel, the other is out of gear therewith,
and vice versa. Thus the shaft of the fly wheel being turned by hand,
by treadle or otherwise, its screw gearing into one of the cam wheels
causes it to revolve, the screw to which it is attached and the nut on
this screw to travel, bringing with it one end of the bar attached to the
main wheel, moving it in one direction until the other cam wheel gearing
in its turn with the screw on the shaft of the fly wheel gives an opposite
motion to the reciprocating bar, and so on.
I propose to modify the actuating mechanism of my screw arrange-
ment accordingly as I require less power and more speed, or more power
and less speed, and to apply it to the driving of wheeled carriages, and
to any other purposes to which it may be found applicable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAPS FOR BIRDS AND OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Peach and Walton Gray at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 17th October 1872.
We, JOHN PEACE, of Puddington, in the County of Chester, Game-
keeper, and WALTON GRAY, of Neston, in the same County, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TRAPS FOR BIRDS AND OTHER ANIMALS," to be as follows:―
The object of this Invention is to provide simple, durable, and
efficient means for catching and securing alive birds and other animals,
and consists in forming the said trap of a framework of wood or metal,
the top and two sides of which are covered with wire netting, whilst the
bottom is secured to or rests on the ground. The ends are each provided
with a drop bar which rises and falls between two metal guide bars fixed
to the framework. The said drop bars are attached to the top framework
by flexible netting so arranged as to cover the ends when the said bars
are down, and are held in position when up by a catch or catches. The
said catch or catches at each end are connected together by wire or
otherwise, so as to let free the bars at both ends simultaneously.

page_text: The trap is set as follows:-The drop bars are raised and secured in
position by the catch or catches, leaving a free passage through the
trap, in which is placed any suitable bait. When the bird or other
animal attracted by the bait enters, a string or wire attached to the
catches is pulled, causing both drop bars to fall simultaneously and close
the end apertures.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN FEEDING TROUGHS OR BINS FOR SHEEP AND OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Everitt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st
May 1872.
I, THOMAS EVERITT, of North Creake, in the County of Norfolk,
Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN FEEDING TROUGHS OR BINS FOR SHEEP AND OTHER ANIMALS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to feeding troughs or bins for sheep and other
animals, and consists in constructing such troughs with wooden sides
or sides and bottom in combination with cast iron or other metal ends,
and also in the method of attaching ends, wooden or metal, to the sides
and bottom of feeding troughs.
According to this Invention I form filletts on stops on the ends of the
trough, into which filletts I insert the sides and bottom, and secure them
therein by screws or bolts and nuts, such screws or bolts passing
through the metal or other ends into nuts inserted in mortices in the
sides and bottom to receive them.

page_text: In order to prevent the sides and bottom from warping I employ
stays and bolts suitably arranged so as to bind them firmly together and
prevent them from bulging or becoming distorted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LIQUID METERS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arnold Budenberg, of the Firm of Schäffer and
Budenberg, of the City of Manchester, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LIQUID METERS."-A communication from abroad
by Bernhard August Schäffer and Christian Frederick Budenberg,
of Buckau-Magdeburg, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
Sealed the 9th July 1872, and dated the 11th January 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arnold Budenberg
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 11th January 1872.
I, ARNOLD BUDENBERG, of the Firm of Schäffer and Budenberg, of
5 the City of Manchester, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LIQUID METERS," (a communication) to
be as follows:-
:-
This Invention relates to a simple construction of liquid meter, and
consists of a exlindrical casing in which is mounted a light metallic

page_text: cylinder revolving upon sensitive pivots in each end of such casing.
This cylinder has upon its periphery a series of bosses from which pro-
ject thin plates of metal arranged in a spiral direction. These bosses
are placed a distance apart on the cylinder in order to allow a series of
conducting plates formed on the interior of the casing to project between
them, which conducting plates may be either fixed in a contrary spiral
direction to those on the cylinder, or may be quite straight or parallel to
the central axis of the cylinder.
One of the axes of the cylinder is geared to any suitable counting
mechanism to indicate the number of its revolutions.
The action of this liquid meter is as follows:-The water or other
liquid to be measured runs through the cylindrical casing, passing
alternately between the spiral plates on the revolving cylinder and the
fixed conducting plates on the casing, so causing the cylinder to revolve
in exact proportion to the velocity of the liquid passing through; the
number of revolutions of such cylinder measuring the quantity which is
indicated by the counting mechanism.