IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE HANDLES OF KETTLES AND OTHER VESSELS AND ARTICLES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Topham, the younger, and Samuel Wells,
the younger, both of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Iron Plate Workers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF THE HANDLES OF KETTLES AND OTHER VESSELS AND
ARTICLES."
"
Sealed the 9th November 1869, and dated the 18th June 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said. William Topham
and Samuel Wells at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 18th June 1869.
We, WILLIAM TOPHAMм, the younger, and SAMUEL WELLS, the younger,
both of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Iron Plate Workers,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTORE OF THE HANDLES OF KETTLES AND OTHER VESSELS AND
ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
In manufacturing the said handles according to our Invention we
make the grip or the middle part of the handle which is grasped by
the hand tubular and of a cylindrical or other figure. The said middle

page_text: or tubular part may be made of iron or other metal, and may either be
cut from tubing drawn in the ordinary way or made from pieces of
sheet metal bent or stamped into the required form, and either brazed
or unbrazed at the joint. This middle tubular part of the handle we
connect with the other parts or sides of the handle by means of cast
junction pieces cast in metal or chill moulds. In effecting the junction
of the said parts we employ moulds of a figure proper to produce the
said junction picces. We place the ends of the tubular or middle part
of the handle in two of the said moulds, the side pieces being inserted
in the required positions in the ends of the tubular or middle part, and
we cast upon the ends of the said tubular or middle part the said junction
pieces. Where the said junction pieces are made of cast iron or other
metal or alloy requiring a high temperature for its fusion we fill or
partly fill the tubular or middle part with sand or other mineral non-
conductor of heat before casting the junction pieces. Where zinc or
other metal fusing at a moderate temperature is employed a non-
conductor of heat of organic origin, such as sawdust or papier mâché,
may be used to fill the middle part of the handle before casting the
junction pieces. The side pieces of the handle may be made of wrought,
or cast, or malleable cast iron, or of other metal or alloy.
Our Invention is applicable to all such handles as are connected at
both ends to the article to which they are to be applied, such as kettles,
buckets, coal hods, and the like, as well as to handles connected at one
end only to the article to which they to be applied. In handles of
the last-described kind only one of the cast junction pieces described
is required.
By manufacturing the said handles according to our Invention
they are made economically. They are also very strong, and the part
grasped by the hand is but little heated by the heat of the kettle or
vessel or article to which the handle is attached.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Topham and Samuel Wells in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 13th December 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
TOPшAM, the younger, and SAMUEL WELLS, the younger, both. of: 3
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Iron Plate Workers, send,
greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said William Topham and Samuel Wells,
Her special licence that we, the said William Topham and Samuel
Wells, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said William Toplam and Samuel Wells, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might, make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF THE HANDLES OF KETTLES AND OTHER VESSELS.
ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William
Topham and Samuel Wells, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our or their hands and scals, or under
the hand and scal of one of us or them, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
AND
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Wells, on behalf of myself
and the said William Topham, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment thereof, that is to say:
In manufacturing the said handles according to our Invention we
make the grip or the middle part of the handle which is grasped by the
hand tubular and of a cylindrical or other figure. The said middle or
tubular part may be made of iron or other metal, and may either be cut
from tubing drawn in the ordinary way or made from pieces of sheet
metal bent or stamped into the required form and cither brazed or
unbrazed at the joint. This middle tubular part of the handle we
connect with the other parts or sides of the handle by means of cast
junction pieces cast in metal or chill moulds.
In effecting the junction
of the said parts we employ moulds of a figure proper to produce the
said junction pieces. We place the ends of the tubular or middle part

page_text: of the handle in two of the said moulds, the side pieces being also placed
in the required positions in the moulds, and we cast upon the ends of
the said tubular or middle part and side pieces the said junction pieces.
Where the said junction pieces are made of cast iron or other metal or
alloy requiring a high temperature for its fusion we fill or partly fill
the tubular or middle part with sand or other mineral non-conductor
of heat before casting the junction pieces. Where zinc or other metal
fusing at a moderate temperature is employed a non-conductor of heat
of organic origin, such as sawdust or papier mâché, may be used to fill
the middle part of the handle before casting the junction pieces. The
side pieces of the handle may be made of wrought, or cast, or malleablo
cast iron, or of other metal or alloy.
Having explained the nature of our Invention, we will proeced to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner in
which the same is to be performed,
Figure 1 represents in side clevation a kettle handle made according
to our Invention, and Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the same;
Figure 3 is an end elevation of the handle, and Figure 4 is a cross
section of the same taken through the line a, a, of Figure 2; Figures
5, 6, 7, and 8 represent the separate parts of which the handle is.
composed. The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in cach
Figure.
is the tubular middle part or grip of the handle; and c, c, are the
side pieces connected to the middle part or grip 6 by the cast junction
pieces d, d. In making the handle, Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, we take a
short metallic tube, as represented in elevation and longitudinal section
in Figure 5, and marked b. This tube b may either be cut from drawn
tubing or made from pieces of sheet metal bent or stamped into the
required form, and provided with an open joint, as illustrated in the
Drawing, or brazed at the joint. In the ends of this tube we place tight
fitting cupped shaped disks e, c, provided with projooting edges far the
purpose of closing and strengthening the said ends of the tube. Ono
of these discs is represented separately in Figure 8. We also tako
side pieces c af the kind represented in Figure 7. These side pieces o
may be made of wrought or cast iron, or malleable cast iron, or of other
metal or alloy.
Having thus formed the parts of which the handle is composed, wo
ioin or connect the said parts together in the following manner ·. 11%

page_text: take two metal or chill moulds the interior of each of which has the
figure of the junction piece d to be cast. We place the ends of the
tubular middle part or grip 4 in the said chill moulds, and also insert
into each of the moulds the upper ends of the side pieces. c, c. By
pouring fused metal or alloy into the moulds enclosing the ends of the
tubular grip and side pieces c, c, the junction pieces d, d, are cast upon
the said parts, and the said parts thus securely connected together, and
the handle completed. The fused metal poured into the chill moulds is
prevented from passing into the interior of the tubular grip by the
closing disks e, e. In order to fix the ends of the side pieces c, c, more
securely in the cast junction pieces d, d, the said ends of the side pieces
may be expanded or hooked or bent at right angles. By this means the
cast metal running around the said expanded or hooked or bent ends
embeds the said end in the metal, and effectually prevents the separation
of the side pieces from the junction pieces.
.
In Figure 9 the ends of the side pieces are represented hooked for
the purpose described. A handle made according to our Invention is
represented fixed to a kettlef indicated in dotted lines in Figure 1.
When handles made according to our Invention are to be affixed to
kettles and other vessels and articles which are required to be heated.
we prefer to keep the tubular grip part 6 cool by filling the said grip
before it is connected to the side pieces with some non-conductor of
heat, such as sand, or sawdust, or papier mâché, or we make the
tubular grip with an open joint, and core the cast junction pieces d, d,
as illustrated in Figure 9, where the cored parts are, marked g. By
this arrangement a current of air is allowed to pass through the tubular
grip b, and the said grip is thus keep cool. We do not limit ourselves
to the shape of the cast junction pieces d, nor to the shape or section of
the side pieces c, c, as the shape of the said parts may be varied. The
tubular grip b may also be made oval or of an angular figure in cross
section instead of the cylindrical figure represented.
Our Invention is applicable to all such handles as are connected at
both ends to the article to which they are to be applied, such as kettles,
buckets, coal hods, sad irons, doors, and the like, as well as to handles
connected at one end only to the article to which they are to be applied.
In handles of the last-described kind only one of the cast junction pieces
described is required.

page_text: By manufacturing the said handles according to our Invention they
are made economically, they are also very strong, and the part grasped
by the hand is but little heated by the heat of the kettle or vessel or
article to which the handle is attached.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we wish it be understood that we do
not limit ourselves to the precise details herein described and illustrated,
as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of our
Invention; but we claim as our Invention, the improvements in the
manufacture of the handles of kettles and other vessels and articles
herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing,
that is to say, making the said handles of a middle tubular part or grip
and a side piece or side pieces, the said middle part or grip and side
piece or side pieces being connected together by cast junction picces
cast in metal or chill moulds, substantially as described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Wells, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.
SAMUEL WELLS, JUN. (L.S.)