Improvements in Self-acting Mules.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Nov., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 20th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 19th Oct.,
1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Self-acting Mules.
We, SEPTIMUS WHITAKER, and JOHN WHITAKER, of Caledonia Mill,
Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinners and Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
"
The improvements are particularly applicable to the spinning of cotton-waste,
and other fibrous substances, and the objects are not only to obtain a "draught
between the draw-rollers, but also in the "stretch" during the whole of the time
the carriage is running out; both drawing actions taking place simultaneously.
The carriage is not permitted to stop or to be arrested in any intermediate
position, but is caused to travel the whole length of the "stretch," uninterruptedly,
the rollers also are allowed to revolve continuously from the beginning to the end
of the "stretch."
The "draught" in the stretch is commenced immediately the carriage begins to
run out, and continues with equal regularity, until it reaches its furthest outward
limit, the proper amount of twist required, being accomplished at the end of the
"stretch" by the bell-wheel.
By this combination of the two "draughts," the fibres of the yarn are left looser,
and thrown on to the outside or surface of the thread, while at the same time the
"draught" in the carriage is caused to considerably exceed the surface speed of
the front roller, the effect of which is, to draw out the thick places of the thread,
thereby rendering the yarn more even or less "twitted," a result that cannot be
obtained from the ordinary roving by any other existing method of single or
separate "draughtings."
By our method or combination of "draughts," we are enabled to spin from the
ordinary roving or condensor sliver and if in any case there is too much twist in
the roving to admit of its being easily "draughted," we meet it by reversing the
twist in either the roving frame or in the mule spindles.
We also apply the ordinary roller motion for the purpose of easing the spindles
at the commencement of each draw of the carriage.
In carrying out these improvements, we obtain the first or primary drawing
action in the ordinary way, (i.e. by draw-rollers) and continue or augment it, in,
and during the full length or continuation of the "stretch," by increasing the
speed of the carriage, so as to exceed that of the front draw-rollers, not only to
such an extent as to obviate "snarling” but in order to elongate or attenuate the
threads as desired.
This increased speed of the carriage in relation to that of the front draw-rollers,
may be got by any of the well-known methods.
"
We find from experiments that the combination of the "draughts" before
referred to, or in other words, the augmenting of the "draught" which takes
place between the draw-rollers with that which is acquired in the "stretch
both
enables us to obtain the results previously mentioned in a satisfactory manner,
as regards quality of yarn and the quantity produced.
Dated this 19th day of November 1894.
JAS. T. PEARSON,
Agent.

page_text: We, SEPTIMUS WHITAKER, and JOHN WHITAKER, of Caledonia Mill,
Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinners, and Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Fig. 1, of the accompanying drawings shows a side view of a self-acting mule, to
which our improvements have reference. The improvements are particularly
applicable to the spinning of cotton-waste, and other fibrous substances; the
objects being not only to obtain a "draught" between the draw-rollers (A.), but
also in the "stretch" (-B-→) during the whole of the time the carriage (C) is
running out; both drawing actions taking place simultaneously.
In order to successfully accomplish these important objects we do not permit
the carriage (C) to stop or to be arrested in any intermediate position, but cause it
to travel the whole length of the "stretch (B) uninterruptedly, the
rollers, (A) also, are allowed to revolve continuously from the beginning to the
end of the "stretch."
The "draught" in the "stretch" is commenced immediately the carriage begins
to run out, and continues with equal regularity and without intermission until it
reaches its furthest outward limit, the proper amount of twist required being
accomplished at the end of the "stretch" in the usual way.
By this combination of the two drafts, the fibres of the yarn are left looser, and
thrown on to the outside or surface of the thread, while at the same time the
"draught" in the carriage is caused to considerably exceed the surface speed of
the front rollers (A¹) the effect of which is, to draw out the thick places of the
thread, thereby rendering the yarn more even or less "twitted," a result that
cannot be obtained from the ordinary roving by any other existing method of
single or separate draughting.
By this method or combination of "draughts" we are enabled to spin from the
ordinary roving or condenser sliver.
We use the ordinary roller motion for the purpose of easing the spindles at the
commencement of each draw of the carriage, and obtain the first or primary
drawing action in the ordinary way (i.e. by draw rollers), and continue or augment
it, in and during the full length or continuation of the "stretch," by increasing the
speed of the carriage, so as to exceed that of the front draw-rollers, not only to
such an extent as to obviate "snarling," but in order to elongate or attenuate the
threads as desired.
This increased speed of the carriage in relation to that of the front draw-rollers,
may be got by any of the well known methods.
We find from experiments that the combination of the "draughts" before
referred to, or in other words, the augmenting of the "draughts" which takes
place between the draw-rollers with that which is acquired in the "stretch,"
enables us to obtain the results previously mentioned, in a satisfactory manner,
both as regards quality of yarn and the quantity produced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
The method of obtaining a drawing action between each set of rollers (A), and
in the "stretch" (←- B-→) simultaneously, by means of the uninterrupted or
complete and unarrested traverse of the carriage (C) during the whole length of

page_text: the "stretch" (←-B-→) concurrently with the continuous revolving of the
rollers (A) during the same period, substantially as described and for the purposes
specified and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 19th day of August 1895.
JAS. T. PEARSON,
Agent for Applicants.