IMPROVED COMPOUNDS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF VESSELS OR APPARATUS FOR CHEMICAL, METALLURGICAL, OR SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Roger William Wallace, of the Chemical Works, New
Road, Battersea Park, in the County of Surrey, Manufacturing Chemist, for
the Invention of " IMPROVED COMPOUNDS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
VESSELS OR APPARATUS FOR CHEMICAL, METALLURGICAL, OR SIMILAR
PURPOSES."
Scaled the 14th October 1876, and dated the 20th May 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Roger William Wallace at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th May 1876.
ROGER WILLLAM WALLACE, of the Chemical Works, New Road, Battersea Park,
in the County of Surrey, Manufacturing Chemist. "IMPROVED COMPOUNDS
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF VESSELS OR APPARATUS FOR CHEMICAL, METALLURGICAL,
OR SIMILAR PURPOSES."
The object of this Invention is to supply a want which has been long felt in the
chemical trade, that is to say, a substance resisting the action of acids, and other
chemicals at a high temperature. Instead of kaolin which is at present used, I
employ plumbago in the manufacture of porcelain. In the first instance I mix
ground plumbago in a solution of borax or other suitable flux forming a slip. To
this slip I add an equal quantity by weight or thereabouts of ground felspar, ground
Cornwall or China stone, or similar fusible mineral, and to this I also add German,
Stourbridge, or other fire-clay in quantities proportionate to the degree of plasticity
required. The compound consisting of the plumbago, the fire-clay and felspar, or
cquivalent material may be baked in open or muffle kilns, or in seggars similar
to those now used in porcelain kilns. When these muffles kilns or seggars are used
the borax may be omitted from the compound. The temperature required is that
recessary for baking ordinary china ware, but may be indefinitely increased without
damaging the compound. And if I add sulphate of soda or other suitable similar
flux it is possible to bake the materials at a low temperature, which I consider
advisable for making retorts and other vessels used for manufacturing chemical
products which are not subjected to very high temperatures.
In the manufacture of crucibles for melting metals and for similar purposes I
substitute common silver sand, or pure ground silica, for the felspar or china stone,
the other materials remaining the same.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Roger William Wallace in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th
November 1876.
ROGER WILLIAM WALLACE, of the Chemical Works, New Road, Battersea Park,
in the County of Surrey, Manufacturing Chemist. "IMPROVED COMPOUNDS FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF VESSELS OR APPARATUS FOR CHEMICAL, METALLURGICAL, OR
SIMILAR PURPOSES."
The object of this Invention is to supply a want which has been long felt in the
chemical trade, that is to say, to provide a substance capable of resisting the action
of acids and other chemicals at a high temperature. This object is accomplished by
the employment of plumbago instead of kaolin, which is at present used in the
manufacture of porcelain, and by its combination with other ingredients as herein
described. In practising this Invention I first mix ground plumbago in a solution
of borax or other flux ordinarily used in pottery or similar work, thus forming a
slip." To this "slip" I add an equal or nearly equal quantity by weight of
ground felspar, ground Cornwall or China stone or similar fusible mineral, and
to this mixture I also add German, Stourbridge, or other fire-clay in quantities
proportionate to the degree of plasticity required in the compound, and thoroughly
mix these ingredients in a pugging mill for about five or six hours. The compound
consisting of the plumbago, the fire-clay and felspar, or equivalent material, may be
baked in open or muflle kilns, or in seggars similar to those now used in porcelain
kilns. The temperature required is about the same as that employed in baking
ordinary china ware, but may be indefinitely increased without damaging the
compound. And if I add sulphate of soda or other suitable flux it is possible to
bake the materials at a lower temperature, which I consider advisable for retorts
and other vessels used for manufacturing chemical products which are not subjected
to very high temperatures.
In the manufacture of crucibles for melting metals and for similar purposes I
substitute common silver sand, or pure ground silica, for the felspar or china stone,
the other materials remaining the same. This one of my improved compounds
may be used for making bricks for decomposing furnaces, and when a chcaper
brick is required ground coke or coke dust may be substituted for the plumbago.
Tu order to improve the texture of the compound the biscuit may be dipped into
slips of which the following may be ingredients, namely, red lead, calcined or
uncalcined borax, ground glass, whiting, carbonate of baryta, china clay, and
various other materials used in glazing porcelain, combined in various proportions,
and in cases where the surface is not required to be smooth it may be dipped in
these slips in the first instance, and one baking will suffice.
Having thus fully described my said Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I wish it understood that I claim―
First. An improved compound in which plumbago is mixed or combined with
the other ingredients above specified or their equivalents in such a manner and in
such proportions that the saine when manufactured into crucibles or other vessels
or apparatus will be capable of resisting the action of acids or other chemicals at a
high temperature.
Second. The compound in which plumbago and silver sand or silica are mixed
or combined with the other ingredients for the manufacture of crucibles for melting
metals and for similar purposes as above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Roger William Wallace, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.