Improvements in the Driving Gear of Kneading, Mixing, Stirring, Beating, Whisking, Malaxating, Masticating, Amalgamating, Straining, Mashing, Triturating, Levigating, Incorporating, Callendering, Breaking, and Squirting (Wire Drawing) Machinery and Apparatus.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Feb., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 14th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 12th May, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Driving Gear of Kneading, Mixing, Stirring,
Beating, Whisking, Malaxating, Masticating, Amalgamating,
Straining, Mashing, Triturating, Levigating, Incorporating,
Callendering, Breaking, and Squirting (Wire Drawing) Machinery
and Apparatus.
I, PAUL PFLEIDERER of 86 Upper Ground Street London S.E. Bakery,
Chemical, General Mechanical, Civil and Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
The main object of this invention is to so adopt, add to and modify the con-
struction of the driving gear of my Universal "Single Blade" and other kneading
and mixing, moulding cutting and other machines, brakes, and squirting presses:
more especially that described in my former Patent No. 36237 and that of
those machines described in my former Patents No. 5330 Dec. 3178 No. 281
22 Jan. No. 14,713 Nov. 74 No. 12,802, 4 Sept.88 as to make it still more
suitable for driving the machines which have lately become indispensible in the
rational and perfect manufacture of the many different kinds of bread, cake,
biscuits, confectionery, preserves conserves, cosmetiques, pharmaceutical pro-
ductions of various kinds, as well as in manufacturing chemistry, and its various
branches including the manufacture of lozenges, creams, chocolate, emulsions,
butter, margarine, sausages, macaroni, vermecelli, ices, coffee and other condiments
as well as mercurial and other ointments, lanoline, glue or gelatine, quinine,
medicated and meat extracts, fruit juices, meat and fish pastes, meat biscuits also
the manufacture of paints, colours, dynamite, securite, flameless and smokeless,
gunpowders, and other explosives, as robownite, cordite, ballistite, &c. the
manufacture of safety matches, electric carbon pastes, white and red lead, putty
plumbago india rubber solutions lincrusta, linoleum, gutta percha, firebricks,
cement bricks, artificial manure, artificial stone, pearls and ivory, phosphates,
and the various pastes, powders, and other chief and bye products, gold and
silver and other ores, in the extraction or recovery of the valuable matters from
which an intimate mechanical mixing, squeezing, and pressing together and
kneading or beating and whisking of the bodies under treatment tends to approach
the different molecules and to force them, as it were, into the desired chemical
reaction or solution with a minimum of surplus acids or solvents or other more or
less valuable or expensive bodies, or with chemicals of a liquid or volatile
nature.
These operations are mostly carried out with very imperfect auxiliary machines
the active principle of which is often misunderstood or badly turned to account
through lack of convenient compact and reliable driving gear which would enable
the operator to easily adapt and set the speed &c. of the machine and the length
of time it should work in a certain definite manner or direction to suit the
variations and particularities of the materials which have from time to time to be
treated.
On the other hand the driving power at disposal is often too small for working
by the older systems of machinery and hand labour is resorted to merely because
the labor saving machine hitherto known is so imperfectly geared that the small
power available would require proportionately large, complicated, or unwieldy and
expensive intermediate gearing. Or there is often a large amount of motive
power at hand which can only be utilized to a very small extent for the same
reasons and sometimes only because the old fashioned machines would require too
much personal attention were they applied in greater number at works where labour

page_text: In the gearing of squirting presses &c. there is often no provision made or only
inadequate contrivances are employed to stop the piston or other active part at its
extreme positions, which in treating goods of an explosive nature may become
very dangerous.
My invention enables me, at a comparatively small cost and in an exceedingly
simple manner, to construct my machines so that, without interfering in the least
degree with the machine proper, a number of different speeds can be given to it,
thereby the owner of one of these machines is put in a position to utilize one
machine for the treatment of quite a number of the many above mentioned goods
or articles of manufacture and this multiplicity of applicableness can be carried
still farther by having one or two extra or spare specimens of my new driving
gear which may be attached alternately to the driving shaft of the machine as
required in order to fulfil a similar object to that of the speed cones and change
wheels of engineers lathes.
Some of my improved machinery when once charged and started, work almost
entirely automatically, and stop automatically before harm can come so that one
labourer can attend to a number of machines and their use enables the owner to
avoid absolutely and automatically all danger arising from inattention which may
for instance allow the machine to work beyond its proper and safe point or limit.
My invention is as follows:-I in the first place substitute for the ordinary
first tooth wheel, pinion pulley, or driver, on the driving shaft or axle of the
machine either a small planetary motion apparatus in which I fix this first driving
wheel, pinion, or driver, which ordinarily is fixed or keyed direct to the driving
shaft of a machine, to an intermediate wheel or set of wheels forming part of a
planetary motion mechanism, in such a
mechanism in itself and allowing it to revolve with the driving shaft, this pinion
manner that by locking the whole
or first driving wheel acts just as in the ordinary way i.e. the part of the planetary
motion which is keyed or fixed to the driving shaft, the planetary wheels being
locked, forms the carrier. It carries the first said wheel or pinion as if it were a
fixture on the driving shaft.
Holding fast or stopping the counterpart to the above intermediate wheel, will
make the carrier, carrying one or a set of planetary wheels, impart a faster or
slower motion to the first intermediate wheel, i.e. to the wheel or pinion which is
fixed to it. With certain modifications this arrangement of planetary motion
mechanism may be used as a reversing gear but in that case the counterpart to the
intermediate wheel must be fixed on the shaft and for one speed and one direction
the planet wheel carrier must be held fast, for the other it must be locked with
the shaft and let go.
Or instead of this planetary motion I substitute (with some types of my
machines quite advantageously) a device consisting of one, or more pinions or
first driving wheels axially movable on the driving shaft, but fixed to it by a
feather on which they slide in such a manner that when one of them is in gear
with its second or respective power wheel of the machine the others are out of
gear with their respective power or purchase wheels which are provided on the
second motion shaft or on the third shaft as the case may be. In the second
place (and this part of my invention more particularly refers to machines fitted
with a reversing gear of the kind patented by me No. 12802 4th Septr.88) I arrange
the stopping and reversing levers and handles or hand wheels which give the
attendants control over the action or working of the driving shaft of the respective
machine in such a manner than one man can thereby control the gearing at a
distance away from the active working parts of the respective machine so that it is
impossible in regular working for the workman to reach and be caught by them
except if he deliberately leaves his post and walks round to the dangerous place.
In the third place I connect with the driving shaft or other moving part of the
machine a screw and nut contrivance with either the screw or the nut travelling
and the nut or the screw respectively remaining stationary in an axial direction
or an endless chain or other known contrivance and I provide the travelling part

page_text: with a stop or lug which, when it arrives at any given or set point strikes a tappet
or cam mechanism and thereby stops or reverses the machine or disengages a
spring or counterweight or other motive power which stops the driving shaft or
reverses the direction of its rotation similarly to some well known planing or other
machine devices.
This stopping or reversing mechanism is so constructed that it interlocks the
levers or handles by which the machines are started in such a manner that the
attendants cannot start the machines again except in the right direction or if in
the wrong they can only do so after having performed certain manipulations which
would stamp their restarting wrongly, an act of deliberate infraction of the rules,
or disobedience to superior orders. In carrying my invention into practical effect
I have designed a variety of alternative arrangements to make the operation
convenient and safe for the operator to perform, (Sheets I and II).
With my arrangement Fig. 1., which is a very compact and convenient one I
obtain double speed by a set of 3 or 4 bevel wheels B. C. C. E. enclosed in a kind
of bell or drum D. The part F carrying the set of planet wheels C. C. is fixed
on the driving shaft A and is provided with cones which can be clutched by
a corresponding cone attached to or forming part of the bevel wheel E. being the
counterpart to bevel wheel B. to which the first wheel or pinion or driver T. is
fixed. E. has a prolonged boss, screwed on the end and carrying a hand-wheel H.
which forms the nut similarly to that of my reversing gear and working against a
set collar G. which is fixed on shaft A. By unscrewing this hand-wheel H the
wheel E is forced to clutch the carrier F and the whole apparatus is locked and
turns with shaft A. drum D. forming a sort of casing or wheel guard over it.
Drum D. now rests loose on the boss of E. but by screwing hand-wheel H.
towards drum D., E. is disengaged from F. and clutched by D. which, being held
fast or suspended by O on lug N. from an arm M. fixed to the body of the
machine locks and holds fast both H and E so that when shaft A revolves it
causes by means of F and its planet wheel or wheels C the wheel B. and with it
the wheel or pinion T to revolve in the same direction as the shaft A but with
double the speed.
For the friction clutches P. which enable the attendant to change the speed at
any position of the shaft or even, while the same revolves, the dead stop device
shown in Fig. 2. may be substituted but this necessitates a certain relative position
of the parts in which alone the change may be performed the locking of the
wheel E being allowed only after the wheel C. is unlocked by withdrawing stop S.
and until one of the holes on a disc, fixed to E. and provided with several such
holes, has been brought opposite the key or bar R. by means of which E. becomes
locked to drum D and is thereby prevented from revolving and causes B. T. to
revolve at double speed in same direction in which shaft A revolves; a similar
arrangement to Fig. 2. is shown in Fig. 6. with this difference that the
hand-wheel K. takes the place of stop S. for locking the planet motion when
drum D. (fixed to wheel E) revolves at the same speed as shaft A. Fig. 7. shews
a front sectional view.
Fig. 8. shews an alternative arrangement to that in Fig. 1. in a very simple
forin.
Fig. 5 and 5 show alternative arrangements to Fig. 1. differing only in the
kind of clutch P. and K. by which E is clutched to D. or F. according to whether
hand-wheel H is screwed up or unscrewed for fast speed or slow speed respectively.
The intermediate piece L carrying the clutches P and K. respectively and
having E loose on its sleeve or tubular boss enables H to give lateral movement
in the clutches without interfering with the position of E relative to wheels C.
In Fig. 3 I show an arrangement in which spur wheels take the place of bevel
wheels, the drum D, being combined with the, in this case, internally, toothed
wheel E. F is again fixed on the shaft and forms the carrier; now if the hand
wheel H is screwed up it presses on two pins p. p. which keep the axial distance
between H and F constant so that the combined piece consisting of drum D and

page_text: wheel E is drawn towards H disengaging the conical clutch by which D & E are
firmly held on the carrier F when direct action takes place; if after screwing the
hand-wheel up and disengaging the clutch the drum D. is held fast by some kind
of stop (on the drawing this stop is shown in the shape of a band brake) the
wheel B with pinion T fixed to it will revolve at a so much higher speed as the
number of teeth of wheel E is larger than the number of teeth of wheel B.
This enables a great range of speed to be obtained. Fig. 3 shows an alternative
arrangement in which the drum D and E. is held by a dead stop instead of the
friction stop (band brake) shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 4 shows an arrangement which
for convenience of handling may be compared with that of Fig. 1. in as much as
no dead stop or stopping brake is required to be engaged and disengaged the whole
change of speed being obtainable from the hand wheel H which when screwed in
locks wheel E. by means of its clutch to drum D disengaging E from carrier F so
that the revolution of driving shaft A revolves the combined wheels B and T by
means of the planet wheel C. or wheels C. C. in a positive direction with increased
speed as many times faster as the number of teeth of wheel E. is larger than
number of teeth of wheel B. I have here only shown arrangements by which the
higher speed is obtained in a positive i.e. in the same direction of revolution as that
in which the driving shaft revolves, but by fixing the wheel E to the counter-shaft
and making it the carrier while F is held fast, for the modified, and let loose for the
direct action, I obtain a negative or reverse motion of the same speed in the case of
the bevel gear arrangement, or of any desired increased speed in case of the spur
wheel arrangement.
In the latter case the opposite direction of the 2 speeds is of no consequence if the
shaft A be driven by means of my reversing gear.
In some cases in which the high speed is only required in the one mixing direction
this new planetary arrangement may actually take the place of a reversing gear
thereby still more simplifying my rational driving arrangement.
The described principle of planetary motion devise equally answers for the purpose
of reducing speed and increasing power if only the functions of wheels E and Bare
exchanged by fixing the smaller wheel B to the driving shaft and combining wheel E
with the pinion or driver T.
Fig. 9. shows a two speed device on the other principle referred to under the first
head of my invention. Instead of pinion T gearing direct into first purchase
wheel X, wheel T¹ can be made to gear into purchase wheel Z. Both Xand % are
fixed on second shaft A' of machine, therefore pinion T must first be slid out of gear
with X and somewhat further until its clutch C. engages with corresponding clutch C
of wheel T which otherwise works loose on the long tubular boss or hub of T and is
kept axialy in position by a hook-like guide h.
Set as shewn pinion T is active and wheel T' gets revolved by wheel Z. but
hook can be disengaged and T¹ be pushed in towards T out of gear with Z in order
that no relative motion of T' on T be caused.
To facilitate understanding the second part of my invention I will refer as a
concrete example to the drawings Sheet III and IV which show two such
arrangements or modes of application of it as applied to the driving gear of a
dough brake as above mentioned.
Lever acts either by rod i see elevations Figs. 1 and 2 and plan Fig. 5 or
lever acts by spring eccentric axle m and rod n, see elevations Figs. 3 and 4
and plan Fig. 6, on the stirrup 2 and as its handle end is brought right forward to
the end of the feeding table t the man standing there is able to move it with his
hand or his knees and can thereby start stop or reverse the driving or first motion
shaft of the machine.
Of the third part of my invention the essential idea or principle is at once
described in the previous paragraph in which I mention it.
Its simplest and most useful application which requires no special graphic illus-
tration is its combination with the reversing apparatus shown in Fig. 4 Sheet I
my Patent No. 3623 A.D. 1877 or with that shown in Figs. 1. 2. 4 and 5 on
of

page_text: Sheet III & IV herewith and also illustrated in the drawings with my Patent
No. 12802 A.D. 1888 September 4.
A rod or bar fitted with two fixed or adjustable tappets cams or stops is connected
direct or by a lever arrangement with either lever L or piston P Fig. 4 of Patent
No. 3623 or with stirrup in the later Patents and placed parallel with the axis of
the screw and nut that the stop or lug on the travelling part strikes one of the stops
or tappets of the rod just before it reaches the one or other of its limits of travel;
it now pushes and keeps out of gear the driving pulley which has given it its
motion so that the same cannot again be engaged until after the reverse motion has
been engaged and has moved the lug in an opposite direction for at least some short
distance.
Dated 2nd Fohmo 1001
GEO.
DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Driving Gear of Kneading, Mixing, Stirring,
Beating, Whisking, Malaxating, Masticating, Amalgamating,
Straining, Mashing, Triturating, Levigating, Incorporating,
Callendering, Breaking, and Squirting (Wire Drawing) Machinery
and Apparatus.
A communication from WERNER & PFLEIDERER, Cannstadt, Germany,
Engineers.
1, PAUL PFLEIDERER, of 86 Upper Ground Street, London S.E., Bakery
Chemical General Mechanical Civil and Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists first in arrangements of mechanism fitted to the shaft of a
machine for differential driving. Secondly in improved stopping and starting
mechanism; and thirdly in means and appliances for rendering the same automatic.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascer-
tained, reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 Sheet I is an arrangement to obtain double speed by means of bevel
wheels B. C and C. E which are working in a space surrounded by a kind of bell or
drum D. The part F, carrying the set of planet wheels C, C, is fixed on the
driving shaft A, and is provided with cones, which can be clutched by a corre-
sponding cone, attached to or forming part of the bevel wheel E, being the
counterpart to bevel wheel B, to which the first wheel or pinion or driver T is fixed.
E has a prolonged boss screwed on the end and carrying a hand wheel FI, which
forms the nut, similarly to that of my reversing gear as described in 36237 and
working against a set collar G which is fixed on shaft A.
By unscrewing this handwheel H, the wheel E is forced to clutch the carrier F,
and the whole apparatus is locked, and turns with shaft A drum D, forming a sort
of casing or wheel guard over it.
Drum D now rests loose on the boss of E, but by screwing handwheel H towards
drum D, E is disengaged from F and clutched by D, which, being held fast or
suspended by O, on lug N, from an arm M fixed to the body of the machine, locks
and holds fast both H and E, so that, when shaft A revolves, it causes, by means
of F and its planet wheel or wheels C, the wheel B, and with it the wheel or
pinion T, to revolve in the same direction as the shaft A, but with double the
speed.
For the friction clutches P, which enable a change of speed at any position of
the shaft, or even while the same revolves, may be substituted the dead stop device
shown in Fig. 2. Sheet I; but this necessitates a certain relative position of the
parts, in which alone the change may be performed; the locking of the wheel E,

page_text: being allowed only after the wheel C is unlocked, by withdrawing stop S; and,
until one of the holes on a disc fixed to E, and provided with several such holes,
has been brought opposite the key or bar R, by means of which E becomes locked
to drum D, and is thereby prevented from revolving, and causes B. T. to revolve at
double speed in same direction in which shaft A revolves. An analogous arrange-
ment to Fig. 2 Sheet I is shown in Fig. 6 Sheet II, with this difference, that the
hand wheel K takes the place of stop S, for locking the planet motion, when drum D
(fixed to wheel E) revolves at the same speed as shaft A.
Fig. 7. Sheet Il shows a front sectional view; and
Fig. 8. shows an alternative arrangement to that in Fig. 1 in a very simple form.
In Fig. 34 I show an arrangement in which spur wheels take the place of bevel
wheels, the drum D in this case being combined with an internally toothed
If the hand-wheel H is
wheel E, F, is fixed on the shaft, and forms the carrier.
screwed up, it presses on two or three pins p, p, which keep the axial distance
between H and F constant, so that the combined piece, consisting of drum D and
wheel E, is drawn towards H, disengaging the conical clutch by which D and E
are firmly held on the carrier F, when direct action takes place. If after screwing
up the hand wheel, and disengaging the clutch, the drum D is held fast by some
kind of stop (on the drawing this stop is shown in the shape of a band brake) the
wheel B, with pinion T fixed thereto will revolve at a much higher speed, as the
number of teeth of wheel E is larger than the number of teeth of wheel B. This
enables a great range of speed to be obtained.
Fig. 3 shows an alternative arrangement, in which the drum D and E is held
by a dead stop, instead of the friction stop (band brake) shown in Fig. 3^.
Fig. 4 Sheet 1 shows an arrangement which, for convenience of handling, may
be compared with that of Fig. 1, inasmuch as no dead stop or stopping brake is
required to be engaged and disengaged, the whole change of speed being obtainable
from the hand wheel H, which, when screwed in, locks wheel E, by means of its
clutch to drum D, disengaging E from carrier F, so that the revolution of driving
shaft A revolves the combined wheels B and T, by means of the planet wheel C,
or wheels C, C, in a positive direction, with increased speed, as many times faster
as the number of teeth of wheel E, is greater than the number of teeth of wheel B.
So far I have only shown arrangements by which the higher speed is obtained in a
positive, .e. in the same direction of revolution as that in which the driving shaft
revolves, but by fixing the wheel E to the driving shaft, and making it the carrier,
while F is held fast for the modified, and let loose for the direct action, I obtain a
negative or reverse motion of the same speed, in the case of the bevel gear
wheel
arrangement, or of any desired increased speed, in the case of the
arrangement. In the latter case the opposite direction of the two speeds being
met by means of my reversing gear described in No. 36237, and both slow and
fast speeds are obtainable in both directions.
spur
In some cases, in which the high speed is only required in the one direction, this
new planetary arrangement may take the place of a reversing gear, as illustrated
by Figs. 10, 12, 15 Sheet VI and Fig. 16 Sheet VII.
The described principle of planetary motion device, equally answers for the
purpose of reducing speed and increasing power, if only the functions of wheels E
and B are exchanged, by fixing the smaller wheel E with the pinion or driver T,
or if F is fixed to T, and E to A, with B being held fast from the outside, a similar
result is obtained; and the following are a few more of such devices, in all of
which the changing of speed, or direction of motion, or both, are obtained with the
respective toothed wheels remaining undisturbed in their cyclical contact, the
gearing into each other of the several teeth remaining always intact.
In Fig. 10 Sheet II F is locked to D and E, which are fixed to A by a
feather, so that the whole revolves with A, as if T were fastened as ordinarily.
Screwing H in positive sense it brakes frictional contact between F and D, thereby
causing F, with C, C, to revolve loosely. If stop or brake R holds F fast, the
inside toothed wheel E, through wheels C, revolve wheel B and pinion T, (on the

page_text: boss of which it is fixed) with increased speed in an opposite direction to that in
which A with E, H, and G revolves.
In Fig. 11, brake R being off, the whole revolves with shaft. A; F being in this
case fixed by a feather to A. Screwing H positively unlocks D and E from F, and
putting on brake R, which holds B fast, through C revolves E and D and T at
an increased speed in same direction.
In Fig. 12 T, D, E, are locked to B, which is fixed to A. by a feather, so that T
revolves as if fixed to A. Screwing up H unlocks E and D and T, and, with the
brake R applied, B, through C, revolves E, D, T, at a lower speed in an opposite
direction to A. In Fig. 13 D and E are shown fixed to stationary bearings M,
carrier F fixed by feather to A, clutched to T by cone K, carries T as if fixed to A,
while B turns round loosely in the same direction at a fast speed, being prevented
from clutching K by the distance rings L, kept asunder by pins P passing loosely
through holes in K. Screwing up H locks B through O, pressing it on K, so
that T and B become one, and F, through C, revolves them in the same direction
with faster speed.
Fig. 14. is analogous to Fig. 13, but D and E are not cast in one, but suspended
from M at N, and, instead of D and E being moved and made to throw B into
clutch grip with K, and by disc O with T, F is in this case moved, O being.fixed
to the axle pins of C. F by C, rotates T locked by K to B again, in the same
direction with increased speed.
In Fig. 15 Sheet VI, D is fixed or cast in one with M, F being held fast when H
is screwed up, so that H, D, M, and F, are stationary together; E A forms a
driving pulley causing, through C, the wheel B, with a long boss, to revolve
with T, which is keyed on one end, while collar G is keyed on the other end of the
boss or sleeve of B, all revolving with increased speed in the opposite direction to
that in which itself (E. A.) is revolved by the driving belt. The whole device is
mounted and revolves loosely on a stationary pin or axle fixed to the respective
machine, which in this case requires no driving shaft. Unscrewing the hand-
wheel H frees F, which, with C, the distance rings and pins, and H itself, rotate or
gyrate loosely. Further unscrewing the hand wheel H engages or grips F, with
pulley E, A, which then revolves T at the same speed as itself, and in the same
direction.
Figs. 13, 14, and 15, illustrate means for changing the speed by merely screwing
up or unscrewing H, without any second operation of putting brake on or off,
or inserting or withdrawing a stop. The device shown in Fig. 15 moreover
forms a complete reversing gear, with only one belt pulley and a fixed shaft or
axle pin.
Fig. 16 Sheet VII shows an analogous arrangement to that shown in Fig. 15,
Sheet VI, with this difference that the set collar G, being a fixture on the
stationary supporting or axle pin, (which fulfils the functions of bracket M) forms
a clutch stop for K, and, through K, for F, with the sleeve or boss of which K
becomes clutched, when the hand-wheel H is screwed inwards, and, being stopped
by G from moving towards F, draws F into grip with K and G, i.e. it stops and
holds fast F, causing the internally toothed spurwheel E (which is in one with the
driving pulley A) to revolve the wheel B with the pinion T, through the planet
wheel C, at a faster speed in an opposite direction. Unscrewing the hand-
wheel H, i.e. turning it in the direction in which A revolves, throws F into grip
with A, handwheel H pressing, through the distance rings and pins, against the
stop collar fixed to the end of sleeve B; K being now loose i.e. released from its
grip with G, and free to revolve on the axle pin, together with the whole
mechanism, in the direction and at the speed of the driving pulley A. This device
can therefore be fitted together and mounted on an axle pin, as a complete and
compact two-speed arrangement and reversing gear combined. Screwing up hand
wheel H causes a fast reversing motion; and by unscrewing H until it is fast and
revolves at the same speed as the driving pulley causes simple speed in the
direction of A.

page_text: If H is now stopped until A ceases to grip F and is then let go, F gyrates
loosely around B, which stops at the least resistance being offered to the revolution
of T. Further holding fast H will lock F, and causes a fast reverse action i.e.
motion in a direction in which H was turned or held fast.
Fig. 9. Sheet II shows another two-speed device. Instead of pinion T gearing
direct into first purchase wheel X, wheel T' can be made to gear into purchase
wheel Z. Both X and Z are fixed on second shaft A' of machine, therefore
pinion T must first be slid out of gear with X and somewhat further until its
clutch C, engages with the corresponding clutch C₁ of wheel T₁ which otherwise
works loose on the long tubular boss or hub of T, and is kept axially in position by
a hook-like guide h. When placed as shown, pinion T is active and wheel T¹ is
revolved by wheel Z; but the hook can be disengaged, and T₁ be pushed in
towards T, out of gear with Z, in order that no relative motion of T' on T may be
caused.
Fig. 17 Sheet VII. like Fig. 9 Sheet II. illustrates a convenient device for
throwing small and large pinions or driving wheels T or T₁ into gear with the
respective large or small driven wheels X or Z, handwheel H carries a screw S
which has its out in shaft A, on which T, T', is radially fixed, but capable of sliding
axially. His connected with T, T¹, by a cap or lengthened boss with flange or
thrust ring, so that turning H screws thrusts, or pulls T, T¹, in or out on end of
shaft A.
The second part of my invention is illustrated on Sheets III. and IV. of the
drawings, and consists in adapting my present invention to the driving gear of a
dough brake, similar to that described in my former Specification No. 12,80288;
Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 being elevations, and Figs. 5 and 6 plan views of the dough
brake.
In one arrangement the lever h acts by means of the rod i, as shown in Figs. 1
and 2; and, in the other arrangement, the lever / acts on the stirrup or fork h², by
means of a spring 1, eccentric axle m, and rod n; and, as the handle end of the
lever his brought forward to the end of the feeding table t, a man standing there is
able to move it with his hands or knees, and thereby start, stop, or reverse the
driving or first motion shaft of the machine, without leaving his position.
In carrying out the third part of my invention, I connect with the driving
shaft F, (Figs. 1, 2 and 3 Sheet V.) or with a countershaft, or any other moving
part of the machine, a device consisting of a screw S and nut N, with either the
screw or the nut travelling, and the nut or the screw respectively remaining
stationary, in an axial direction; or an endless chain or other known contrivance ;
and I provide the travelling part N with a stop or lug R, which, when it reaches
any given or set point, strikes a tappet or cam P, and thereby stops the machine,
by throwing out of gear the driving pulley to which the movement or travel was
due. This is done in the most direct and simple manner, as illustrated on Sheet V.,
by the application of a reversing apparatus like that forming the subject of my
Patent No. 12,80288. A rod or bar M or i fitted with two fixed or adjustable
tappets, cams, or stops P, is connected direct, or by a lever arrangement, with the
stirrup h", and placed parallel with the axle of the screw S'and the nut N, so that
the stop or lug R, on the travelling part, strikes one of the stops, tappets, or
cams P, on rod M or i, just before it reaches the one or the other of its limits of
travel. It now pushes or keeps out of gear the driving pulley h or h¹ which has
given it its motion, and holds it firmly out of gear, so that it cannot again be engaged
until after the reverse motion has been put into action, and has moved the said
lug R into an opposite direction for some short distance, so as to clear the way
for again pushing or pulling the first engaged driving pulley into grip cr gear.
Fig. 1, Sheet V., shows this arrangement in the simplest form. i being the rod
or bar which takes the place of the shifting-gear sliding-bar, which, under
ordinary circumstances, throws the belt from the fast pulley to the loose. The
screw is cut on the driving shaft itself, and the nut N has a hole through
which i, passes.

page_text: The stop P can be adjusted so that at any desired point of the screw, i.e.
after any desired number of revolutions in one direction or another, N strikes P
or P1, thereby disengaging either hor ¹ respectively.
Fig. 2 Sheet V. shows a worm S taking the place of the screw, and a worm
wheel W taking the place of the nut N, bar i is provided with a stop P, while
worm wheel W is provided with a cam or tappet lever, or other stop, which can
strike stop P in either one or the other direction. As shown, it has just struck P
on 2, so as to throw h¹ out of gear, and the man now pushing in rod i, can throw
pulley into gear or grip, but not pulley ', until after N has cleared P sufficiently
for being pulled out to engage again immediately, having revolved worm $
sufficiently again for N to strike P in the same direction as before, the direction
of motion corresponding to his again made impossible. The number of revolutions
this machine can make in one direction before it gets stopped, is nearly equal to the
number of teeth of the worm wheel W.
In Fig. 3 Sheet V. the bar is not acted upon so directly, as the screw in
this case is supposed to work at an angle to the driving shaft. This arrange-
ment is adapted, for instance, to screw spindle presses, and the two speed-gear is
shown with its counter shaft and wheels. G and K form a lever and fork by
which double wheels H and I are alternately thrown into gear as desired, by
sliding them on the driving shaft F, on which they are fixed with a feather.
arrangement has however nothing to do with the principle of this Patent.
This
In Fig. 3 Sheet V is shown how the travelling part N, by means of adjustable
tappets R, can be made to strike the intermediate bar M, on which are fixed
adjustable stops P; at the end of the rod or bar M the fork O₁ is fixed also
adjustably, which transmits the motion of rod M to the bell crank lever T, which
transmit it to rod i; the other hand lever is shown to indicate how rod i can be
acted upon in a convenient manner for starting stopping or reversing the motion,
the limits of which are controlled by N, through rod M, and lever T, irrespectively
of the fast speed or the slow speed being thrown into gear; the control or limitations
of the active part of the respective machine being independent of all intermediate
gearing; the piston of the press in this case, which is shown in dotted lines,
being always controlled direct or independently of any intervening speed or counter-
shift, and in such a manner that, when once automatically stopped, the attendant is
unable to restart in the same direction.
Instead of the direct acting reversing gear shown in my said Specification
No. 128028, any other similar clutch reversing gear, for instance that described in
my former Specification No. 3623", Fig. 4 Sheet 1. may be so arranged and
combined with the nut and screw, or equivalent device, as to form an automatic
safety stopping apparatus, like that herein more particularly described and
illustrated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The application to or substitution for the driving gear of any machine or
apparatus forming part of the "Werner & Pfleiderer" systems of mixing and
kneading machines of the "Universal" and "Single Blade" types, of reversible and
other rollers, doughbrakes, cutting machines, squirting presses, triturating, blending,
sifting, straining and other machines of one or the other or several of the devices
described and illustrated for changing the speed of the machines for stopping and
starting or causing them to be automatically stopped without in the first place
having to throw out of gear or out of tooth contact any of the respective toothed
wheels, or, in the second place having to leave one's place of standing, or in the
third place without any constant attention at all, substantially as herein before
described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. The application of the devices under the first and third heads of my invention
except Fig. 9 Sheet II. and Fig. 17 Sheet VII. to, or in substitution for, the
B

page_text: driving gear of other kneading mixing stirring pugging, masticating, amalgamating
and similar machines, substantially as herein before described.
3. The devices Figs. 1, 3, 4, Sheet I., Figs. 6 and 8 Sheet II., Figs. 10, 11, 12,
13, 14, 15 Sheet VI. and Fig. 16 Sheet VII., in the application to all kinds of
machines.
Dated 14th Decembar 1901
GEO.
DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent.