Improvement in the Process of Treating Cereals.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Feb., 1890-Accepted, 5th Apr., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in the Process of Treating Cereals.
I, FRANKLIN DORR of 123, U Conway Street, Baltimore City, Maryland, United
States of America, Manufacturer of Food Products, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
--
My Invention relates to the treatment of cereals-such as barley, wheat, rye, and
one of the elementary products of maize known in commerce as "grits"-for the
purpose of adapting them for use in brewing or distilling and also as a food
product.
This Invention has for its object the' obtainment from the above mentioned
cereals, or any combination of the same, of such products that will enable them
(cereals) to be utilized in a more economic and expeditious manner than
heretofore.
I proceed as follows; I select the cereals or parts thereof, beforementioned, in their
fully-matured condition. Having obtained the abovementioned articles in their perfect
condition, I commence the treatment by carefully removing all foreign substances,
with a greater or less portion of the bran or outside husk, by passing the cereals
through any well known device for cleaning or pearling the same, at the same time
separating the clean grain or granules from the chaff, dirt, and husk, etc. Having
prepared the cereals as above noted, I pass them through or into the presence of steam
in a suitable vessel. For this purpose the materials are placed, in either a
moistened condition, into a process-kettle and are agitated during the steaming so as
dry or
to give each and every grain or part thereof, the same amount of heat and moisture.
The grains and granules thus treated should be thoroughly cooked, for which purpose
they are subjected to a temperature of from 150° to 250° Fahrenheit and a steam
pressure of ten or fifteen pounds. The evolved and prepared constituents should be
subjected to a drying or cooling process, being agitated at the same time to enable
each grain or granule to be dried equally and alike. The partly-dried cereals or
granules are then subjected to the most important and distinctive part of my process,
for which purpose they are passed through fast-revolving burr-mills dressed and
grooved in contradistinction to being passed through rolls. The mills should be
heated by friction of the two faces of the stones until the heat obtained should be at
least 200° Fahrenheit, before the prepared grains or granules are admitted thereto.
The heat thus generated is maintained in the operation of grinding and extracts all
the remaining moisture and also continues to completion such chemical changes as
are stimulated by heat. I convey the product to any well known comminuting
machine or device and reduce the product to a granular shape (in contradistinction
to the stringy or coralline and flaky form) to enable it to be more readily adapted to
quick and perfect solution when subsequently applied to the uses for which it is
intended.
The above described product, as prepared, will keep in any climate, and it is known
in the trade as "Barlyne."
The berein-named cereals may be treated by the same process separately, but the
result and product will be of less value than when they are used in combination. For
brewing and distilling purposes, the percentage of barley, wheat, and rye combined
should never exceed 25 per cent. of the combination. For food purposes it should
be somewhat less.
"
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In defining my invention with greater clearness, I would state that I am aware of
the various products, for brewing and distilling, known as
coralline," cerealine,"
"flake cereals," etc., and which are produced by cooking the grains and then rolling
them between rolls heated or otherwise. My process is distinctive in the following
[ D

page_text: respect; that in the crushing I do not use artificial heat, but utilize the frictional heat
of burr-stones (disc-mills) to complete the chemical conversion and complete the
drying in a very desirable and economic way. It is not possible for rolls to supply
this heat by friction, for the reason that they touch only at a single point and become
cooled in revolution so that the heat cannot be maintained. By employing burrs (flat
discs) whose faces are always in close proximity, I prolong the grinding and frictional
action and generate and maintain the necessary heat to carry out the process in an
expeditious and economic manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is;
The process, herein-described, of preparing cereals; consisting in first cooking the
grains, then partially drying and cooling the same, then crushing the grains by a
prolonged frictional grinding, and in the same operation drying the product, and also
stimulating chemical changes by the frictional heat generated by the prolonged
grinding, substantially as described.
Dated this 14th day of February 1890.
FRANKLIN DORR.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,..
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.