IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING APPARATUS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING HEAT TO LIQUIDS AND GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederic Pelham Warren, of Northumberland
House, High Road, Lee, in the County of Kent, Commander in
the Royal Navy, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING
APPARATUS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER APPARATUS
FOR TRANSMITTING HEAT TO LIQUIDS AND GENERATING STEAM,"
Sealed the 18th June 1869, and dated the 23rd December 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederic Pelham Warren
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 23rd December 1868.
I, FREDERIC PELHAM WARREN, of Northumberland House, High
Road, Lee, in the County of Kent, Commander in the Royal Navy, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COOKING APPARATUS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE
ALSO TO OTHER
APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING HEAT TO LIQUIDS AND GENERATING STEAM," to be
as follows:-

page_text: which improvements are applicable also to
transmitting heat to liquids and generating steam.
other apparatus for
In the Specification to certain Letters Patent granted to me and
bearing date the 27th day of March 1866, (No. 894), there is described
a cooking apparatus in which two boilers are employed in combination
with an oven and a hot plate in such manner that the whole may be
heated by means of a fire placed upon a grate which is situated so as
to act immediately upon the projecting under surface of one of the
boilers, the back part of which is continued upward behind, and assists
in imparting heat to or moderating the temperature of the oven. Th-
second boiler is formed with similar projecting parts situated at each
side of the projecting part of the first-named boiler, and leaving flue
spaces between themselves and such projecting part.
Now according to my present Invention I dispense with the two
boilers above described, and in combination with the oven and hot plate
described in my aforesaid Specification 1 employ a single boiler of
novel construction having two projecting parts of peculiar form so
arranged that the space between the lower parts of their inner sides
constitutes a furnace or fire-place, the side walls of which are formed
by the said projecting parts, and the crown of the furnace or fire-place
is formed by the under surface of a boot projecting from the inner side
of one of the aforesaid projecting parts, which boot takes into a
corresponding concavity or recess situated between an upper and a lower
boot of the inner side of the other projecting part of the boiler, thereby
forming a peculiarly curved flue which first passes for a certain distance
horizontally in one direction between the under side of the boot of the
one projecting part, and the upper side of the lower boot of the
other projecting part of the boiler, thence upward for a short distance
in a semicircular direction, afterwards proceeding horizontally for a short
distance between the upper surface of the boot of the one projecting part
and the under side of the upper boot of the other projecting part of the
boiler in a contrary direction to its first-mentioned horizontal course, and
lastly, in a vertical direction till it joins another flue situated between
the upper surfaces of the projecting parts of the boiler, and the under
side of the oven from whence the products of combustion proceed
as described in the Specification to my aforesaid Patent.
By the use of my present Invention in cooking apparatus of the
description herein-before mentioned, I obtain a large amount of very

page_text: effective heating surface, while at the same
the same time simplifying the
construction of the apparatus and greatly reducing its cost.
Boilers of similar construction may be employed in combination with
steam cooking ovens in apparatus of other descriptions than that above
referred to, and will be specially advantageous in apparatus intended to
cook for large numbers, as for instance, in apparatus for the use of
hospitals and asylums.
In applying my Invention to other apparatus for transmitting heat to
liquids and generating steam, the main body of the boiler may be made
of any convenient form so long as the peculiar construction and arrange-
ment of the projecting parts and boots as already described is maintained,
and boilers so constructed may be built in with brickwork or combined
with casings, so as to complete the formation of the requisite flues.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederic Pelham Warren in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 23rd June 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERIC
PELHAM WARREN, of Northumberland House, High Road, Lee, in the
County of Kent, Commander in the Royal Navy, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, Her special licence
that I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COOKING APPARATUS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER
APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING HEAT TO LIQUIDS AND GENERATING STEAM," upon

page_text: the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Soal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof (that is to say) :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in cooking apparatus,
which improvements are applicable also to other apparatus for trans-
mitting heat to liquids and generating steam.
In the Specification to certain Letters Patent granted to me and
bearing date the 27th day of March 1866 (No. 894), there is described
a cooking apparatus in which two boilers are employed, in combination
with an oven and a hot plate, in such manner that the whole may be
heated by means of a fire placed upon a grate which is situated so as to
act immediately upon the projecting under surface of one of the boilers,
the back part of which is continued upward behind and assists in im-
parting. heat to or moderating the temperature of the oven. The second
boiler is formed with similar projecting parts situated at each side of
the projecting part of the first-named boiler, and leaving flue spaces
between themselves and such projecting part.
Now according to my present Invention I dispense with the two boilers
above described, and in combination with the oven and hot plate de-
scribed in my aforesaid Specification I employ a single boiler of the
novel construction herein-after described.
Fig. 1 on Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a vertical
section taken parallel with the front of a cooking apparatus, constructed
according to the Specification of my aforesaid Patent with the addition
of my present improvements; Fig. 2 a vertical section taken at right
angles to the foregoing; Fig. 3 a front elevation of the apparatus, and
Fig. 4 a perspective view of my improved construction of boiler.
The apparatus consists of a grate a supported upon a box or ash-pit b

page_text: (contained in a casing 61), the lower part of which is formed to contain
water as shewn. The boiler c is made of wrought iron, and has two
projecting parts c, c', of peculiar form so arranged that the space a¹
between the lower parts of their inner sides constitutes a furnace or
fire-place, the side walls of which are formed by the said projecting parts
and the crown of the furnace or fire-place is formed by the under surface
of a boot projecting from the inner side of the projecting part c, and
this boot takes into a corresponding cavity or recess situated between an
upper boot c3 and a lower boot of the inner side of the projecting
part of the boiler, thereby forming a peculiarly curved flue ³, by
which the products of combustion first pass for a certain distance hori-
zontally (or nearly so), in one direction between the under side of the
boot of the projecting part c and the upper side of the lower boot c
of the projecting part c¹ of the boiler; thence upward for a short
distance in a semicircular or curved direction, afterwards proceeding
horizontally or nearly so for a short distance between the upper surface
of the boot of the projecting part c and the under side of the upper
boot c3 of the projecting part c¹ of the boiler in a contrary direction to
their first-mentioned horizontal course, and lastly in a vertical direction,
till they enter the flue a3 situated between the upper surfaces of the
projecting parts c, c, of the boiler and the under side of the oven e from
whence the products of combustion proceed to the flues or spaces f¹ and f
at the sides and top of the oven e, and escape into a suitable pipe or
tube provided for the purpose of inducing a draught and conveying them
(the products) away, as described in the Specification to my aforesaid
Patent. The boiler is fed by a pipe k provided with a whistle k¹ to give
There is also a gauge
an alarm in case of the water getting too low.
cock, and hot water may be withdrawn by the cock k³.
By the use of my present Invention in cooking apparatus of the
description herein-before mentioned, I obtain a large amount of very
effective heating surface, while at the same time simplifying the con-
struction of the apparatus and greatly reducing its cost.
Boilers of similar construction may be employed in combination with
steam cooking ovens, in apparatus of other descriptions than that already
described, and will be found specially advantageous in apparatus such as
I have illustrated on Sheet 2 of the Drawings, and which is intended for
the use of hospitals and asylums, and in other cases where it is desired
to cook and provide hot water for large numbers of persons.

page_text: Fig. 5 (Sheet 2,) is a front elevation of such an apparatus; Fig. 6 a
back elevation of the same; Fig. 7 a longitudinal section thereof, taken
parallel with the front; Fig. 8 a section at right angles to the foregoing
Fig. 9 a plan; and Fig. 10 an end view of the apparatus.
a is the grate; b, the ash-pit, the lower part of which is formed
to contain water, as shewn; 6, the main casing of the apparatus; c*,
the boiler; c, c', its projecting parts; a¹, the space between their
lower parts which constitutes the furnace or fire-place; c, the boot of
the projecting part c, and c³, c, the upper and lower boots of the pro-
jecting part cl, a being the curved or serpentine flue by which the flame
and products of combustion pass to the under side of a hot plate g*; x, x¹,
are dampers, so that if desired by closing one of them the whole of the
products of combustion may be caused to pass off around one only of the
ovens e, e¹, herein-after mentioned, but when both dampers are open the
products on reaching the under side of the hot plate then split or divide,
one portion passing to the under part of an oven e, thence up its sides,
over its top, and down a flue f³ obliquely into the flue f* at the back
of the boiler, from whence the products escape by an underground flue
into the chimney; the other portion of the products of combustion pass
in like manner to the under part of the oven e¹, proceeding up its sides,
over its, top, and down by a flue f5 obliquely into the flue f*, from
whence they escape to the chimney, as already described with reference
to the products from the fines of the oven e.
g is an oven surrounded by a space g¹, into which steam is admitted
by a suitable pipe from the boiler for the purpose of heating the oven in
the manner described in the Specification to Letters Patent, No. 3184,
granted to me and bearing date the 17th day of October 1868. In this
case the water of condensation is conveyed by a pipe into the ash-
pit b, as shewn; h is a steamer also supplied with steam by a pipe from
the boiler c; it is fitted with drawers h¹ for potatoes and other
vegetables to be steamed or cooked. The water of condensation is con.
veyed to the ash-pit 6 by a pipe h². i are jacketted vessels supplied with
steam by pipes from the boiler c*, and provided with hollow lids 2,
according to the Specification of my Patent, No. 1041, dated 12th April
1865. These vessels are set in brickwork 23, as shewn, and intended
for such purposes as making stews, tea, cocoa, gruel, and soups without
the direct action of the fire, thus avoiding all liability to burning. Their

page_text: liquid contents may be withdrawn through the cocks provided for
that purpose. The water of condensation from the steam spaces 2*
escapes by the pipe into a drain.
In applying my Invention to other apparatus for transmitting heat
to liquids and generating steam the main body of the boiler may be
made of any convenient form so long as the peculiar construction and
arrangement of the projecting parts and boots, as already described, is
maintained, and boilers so constructed may be built in with brick work
or combined with casings so as to complete the formation of the requisite
flues.
Fig. 11 (Sheet 3) is a vertical section taken parallel with the front,
and Fig. 12 a section at right angles to the foregoing, shewing a boiler
having projecting parts constructed with boots and corresponding cavities
or recesses, and set in brickwork according to my Invention for heating
hot water for warming buildings by circulation, as well as for horti-
cultural and other purposes. In this case each of the projecting parts
is formed with two boots. c* is the main body of the boiler, and c, c¹,
are its main projecting parts, c2, c, being the boots of the projecting
part c, and c, c, those of the projecting part c¹. The products of com-
bustion from the furnace a¹, after passing upward by the curved or
serpentine flue a² into the flue a³, are split or divided, one portion
passing over the top of the projecting part card down its side (guided
by a plate or deflector a) to the flue a at the back of the boiler, and the
other portion passing in like manner over the top of the projecting
part c down its side (similarly guided), and into the flue a' where the
products from both sides meet aud pass off to the chimney.
Although the arrangements of flues I have shewn will be found very
efficient they may nevertheless be varied to suit circumstances.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what mauner the same is to be performed, 1 would
remark that I lay no claim to the making of boilers with projecting parts
irrespective of the peculiar construction of such projecting parts, as
herein described; but that what I do claim is, constructing the pro-
jecting parts of cooking range boilers and other apparatus for trans-
mitting heat to liquids with boots and corresponding cavities or recesses
arranged to form curved or serpentine flues between the main projecting
parts of the boiler or apparatus, and thereby to increase the heating

page_text: surface and general efficiency thereof, substantially as described and
illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, have
hereunto set iny hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of June,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.
FREDERIC PELHAM WARREN. (LS.)