An Improved Churn.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Aug., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 13th June, 1891-Accepted, 18th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Churn.
I, JOHN PITT BAYLY, of 18 Fulham Place, Paddington, in the County of
Loudon, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a com-
munication to me from abroad by Hugh Cooper, of Humphreys, Missouri, U.S.A..
Inventor,) to be as follows:-
This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in churns, whereby
greater agitation of their contents is effected. The churn body consists of n
stationary circular receptacle, which is provided with a lid. A suitable frame
rises from the lid and supports the rotating mechanism. A suitable hollow
shaft is centrally journalled in the lid, and extends into the churn body, and which
shaft is provided with a pinion on its upper end. A solid shaft passes through the
hollow shaft, and is journalled in the frame aforesaid, and has a pinion on its upper
end. A suitable spring is arranged around said shaft, and bears upon the pinion
thereon. A driving shaft is mounted on a frame, and has a driving wheel at its
inner end which meshes with the pinions on the hollow and solid shafts.
By this construction the beaters are given a rotary motion in two directions, as
will be understood.
Dated this 12th day of Aurust 1800
J. P. BAYLY,
Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Churn.
I, JOHN PITT BAYLY, of 18 Fulham Place, Paddington, in the County of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a com-
munication to me from abroad by Hugh Cooper, of Humphreys, Missouri, U.S.A.
Inventor) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to improvements in churns; and it consists in certain novel
features which will be hereinafter described and claimed.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of my improved churn.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same.
Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view showing the construction of the dasher.
The churn-body A may be of the usual or any preferred construction, and on the lid
of the churn, near the edge of the same, I erect the standard B, to the side of
which I secure the journal-box C in which the driving-shaft D is mounted, the said
driving-shaft being provided with crank-arm and handle E at one end, as shown.
On the inner end of the driving-shaft secure the driving tooth-wheel F which
meshes with the upper and lower gear-wheels G H which are secured to the inner
and outer dasher-shafts IJ, respectively. A horizontal arm K projects from the
standard B, and the dasher-shaft 1 is journalled in the said frame. The outer
shaft J is hollow, and the inner shaft I is solid, and passes through the hollow shaft.
The lower ends of both shafts are engaged, and are angular in cross section, so as
to provide a number of faces L to which the dasher-blades M may be secured, and
the engaged formation of the lower end of the shaft I provides a shoulder N on
which the lower end of the hollow shaft rests. The lower end of the solid shaft is
provided with a pin or pintle O which is stepped in a socket P on the bottom of
the churn thereby steadying the dasher and holding it in a true vertical position.

page_text: The dasher-blades M are arranged at reverse angles, so as to act on the cream and
throw the same in contrary directions, and consequently, thoroughly agitate the
same so as to quickly produce the butter, and they are provided with a number of
perforations Q, so as to divide the cream into a number of small streams, and thereby
thoroughly break up all the globules. A washer R is fitted around the solid shaft I
above the shoulder N, so as to prevent the cream entering the hollow shaft and
accumulating therein, so as to make the operation of the churn difficult. A coiled
spring T is arranged around the solid shaft between the arm K and the pinion G
so as to prevent the said pinion rising from engagement with the driving-wheel, as
will readily be understood. A horizontal frame U is secured to the standard B so
as to prevent the driving-wheel from injury.
In practice the cream is placed in the churn-body. The several parts are then
fitted together, as shown, and above described, after which the driving shaft is
rotated, so as to set in motion the dashers and thereby agitate the cream. It will
be readily seen that the dashers will be rotated in contrary directions, and con-
sequently instead of causing a circular movement of the cream in unison with the
dashers, will create reverse currents in the cream, which will tend to neutralize each
other, and consequently the cream will be thoroughly agitated and the butter
quickly formed. After the butter has been formed the outer hollow shaft is raised
so as to disengage the pinion H from the driving-wheel, and the driving-wheel is
then again agitated so that the lower dasher will revolve and gather the butter.
My improved churn is very simple in its construction, and the several parts are
compactly arranged so that it can be easily operated, and consequently effects a
saving of labour as well as economy of time. By lifting the lid from the churn-
body the entire operating mechanism will be removed so that the body can be
easily cleaned, and it will also be noticed that the several parts of the mechanism
are detachable so as to facilitate cleaning and repairing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
As an improvement in churns, the combination, of the lid resting on the churn-
body, the frame B rising from the lid, the hollow shaft journalled in the lid and
extending into the churn body, and provided with a pinion on its upper end, the
solid shaft passing through the hollow shaft journalled in the frame B, and having
a pinion on its upper end, the spring arranged around said shaft and bearing upon
the pinion thereon, the driving-shaft mounted on the frame B, and having the
driving-wheel at its inner end meshing with the pinions on the hollow and solid
shafts, and the horizontal frame U secured to the frame B and surrounding the
driving-wheel, as specified.
Dated this 13th day of June 1891
J. P. BAYLY,
Applicant.