Improved Means for Fastening Card Clothing to the Flats of Carding Engines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 11th Nov., 1893-Accepted, 24th Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means for Fastening Card Clothing to the Flats of
Carding Engines.
We WILLIAM SENIOR of 13 Princes Street Broughton Road Pendleton,
Mechanic, EDWARD HUGHES of 14 Lavender Street Oldham Road Ancoats,
Flat Clothier, IRA WOOD of 46 Wellington Street Pendleton, Mechanic, and
WASHINGTON HEMINGWAY of 40 Saxby Street Irlams-o' th'-Height, and GEORGE
ALEXANDER KENNEDY of the Firm of Horsfall & Bickham, of Bridgewater
Works Pendleton, Card Manufacturers, all in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to means for fastening card clothing to the "flats" of
carding engines.
Hitherto it has been usual to secure the said card clothing by rivets which
required considerable skill to avoid unevenness; or the said clothing has been
stitched to the flat or secured thereon by edging plates or strips of metal fastened
on or beneath the said flat and bent down over the edges of the foundation or back
of the card clothing thus holding down the latter upon the flat. These strips of
metal are serrated at their edges so as to hold the foundation of the clothing and
these are pressed down with a slightly outward motion so as to stretch the same.
The objection to this last named method is that the foundation being a thick
material of two or more ply and somewhat stiff, the serrated metal plates above
described act mostly on the upper surface thereof and have a tendency to raise the
centre of the clothing which is most undesirable, and the object of our present
invention is to remedy this defect.
According to our invention we employ metal strips but we form a flange thereon
(by bending or otherwise) at right angles thereto and all along the said strips at or
about one third of its width measured from the upper edge.
This flange is made with a number of vertical teeth or spikes of sufficient length
to pass through the foundation of the card clothing which is pressed down thereon.
The projecting ends of the teeth or spikes are then bent down or clinched upon the
upper surface of the said clothing which is thus quite firmly secured to the plate
or strip.
The upper edge of the latter is then bent down over the edge of the foundation
and covers the clothing and the clinched ends of the teeth or spikes; it also serves
to make a smooth metal edging at the side of the flat when applied thereto thereby
preventing the accumulation of fluff thereon.
Instead of the flange hereinbefore described the spikes may be formed by punching
sharp angular cuts in the metal and bending them first outwards and then upwards
at right angles; or the teeth or spikes may be otherwise formed or fixed on the
plate so long as they are so placed as to pass through the foundation of the card
clothing from below.
The clothing having been thus edged along both sides is then placed within a
frame with its card teeth downwards. The frame having by preference longitudinal
ridges corresponding with the inner edges of the metal strips. The flat is then
placed between the two metal strips which are forced down by suitable pressure
over the under side thereof and thus not only will the clothing be secured to the
flat but it will also be stretched thereon, and that without any tendency to rise at
the centre but rather the reverse because it is stretched upon a series of teeth
passing through the fabric.

page_text: In some cases in order to further secure the metal strips to the flat we indent the
lower part of the former at those places where there are rivet holes in the flat, thus
making a burr at those points and preventing the strips from accidentally slipping
on the under surface of the flat.
Dated this 25th day of April 1893.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.
Improved Means for Fastening Card Clothing to the Flats of
Carding Engines.
We WILLIAM SENIOR of 13 Princes Street Broughton Road, Pendleton
Mechanic, EDWARD HUGHES of 14 Lavender Street Oldham Road Ancoats,
Flat Clothier, IRA WOOD of 46 Wellington Street Pendleton Mechanic, and
WASHINGTON HEMINGWAY of 40 Saxby Street Irlams-o' th'-Height, Foreman,
and GEORGE ALEXANDER KENNEDY of the Firm of Horsfall and Bickham of
Bridgewater Works Pendleton, Card Manufacturers, all in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to meaus for fastening card clothing to the flats of carding
engines.
Hitherto it has been usual to secure the said card clothing by rivets which
required considerable skill to avoid unevenness; or the said clothing has been
stitched to the flat or secured thereon by edging plates or strips of metal fastened
on or beneath the said flat and bent down over the edges of the foundation or back
of the card clothing thus holding down the latter upon the flat. These strips of
metal are serrated at their edges so as to hold the foundation of the clothing and
these are pressed down with a slightly outward motion so as to stretch the same.
The objection to this last named method is that the foundation being
a thick
material of two or more ply and somewhat stiff, the serrated metal plates above
described act mostly on the upper surface thereof and have a tendency to raise the
centre of the clothing which is most undesirable. The object of our present
invention is to remedy this defect, and the same will be readily understood from
the following description on reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Figs. 1, 2, 3 4 5 and 6 illustrate our improved fastener in various stages of
manufacture as hereafter described, and Figs. 7, 8 9 and 10 illustrate the way in
which the clothing is fastened to the flat thereby, Fig. 10 being a section at the
line A-B on Fig. 8.
Fig. 11 shews (in edge and face view) a modified form of our improved fastener.
According to our invention we employ metal strips a but we form a flange a¹ thereon
(by bending, see Fig. 1 or otherwise see Fig. 2) at right angles thereto and all
along the said strips see Fig. 3 at or about one third of its width measured from
the upper edge.
This flange al is made with a number of vertical teeth a' or spikes see edge view
Fig. 4 face view Fig. 5 and plan view Fig. 6 of sufficient length to pass through the
foundation of the card clothing 6 which is pressed down thereon (see Fig. 7). The
projecting ends of the teeth or spikes a are then bent down or clinched upon
the upper surface of the said clothing b which is thus quite firmly secured to the
plate or strip as seen on Figs. 8, 9 and 10.
The upper edge of the latter is then bent down over the edge of the foundation-6
and covers the clothing and the clinched ends of the teeth or spikes, see Figs. 8, 9
and 10; it also serves to make a smooth metal edging at the side of the flat when

page_text: applied thereto as seen at the right hand side of Figs. 8 and 9 thereby preventing
the accumulation of fluff thereon. This covering of the clinched ends of the teeth
or spikes by the upper edge of the metal strip although preferable, is not absolutely
necessary.
Instead of the flange hereinbefore described the spikes may be formed by
punching sharp angular cuts in the metal and bending them first outwards and then
upwards at right angles; as seen at Fig. 11; or the teeth or spikes may be otherwise
formed or fixed on the strip so long as they are so placed as to pass through the
foundation of the card clothing from below.
The clothing having been thus edged along both sides is then placed within a
suitable frame with its card teeth downwards, the frame having by preference
longitudinal ridges or grooves in which the edges of the metal strips can be held.
The clothing with the strips attached is stretched in this frame sufficiently
to allow the Hat to be placed between the two metal strips which are forced
down by suitable pressure over the under side thereof see Figs. 8 and 10
and thus not only will the clothing be secured to the flat but it will also be held
stretched thereon, and that without any tendency to rise at the centre but rather
the reverse because it is stretched upon a series of teeth passing through the
fabric.
It will be evident that the upper edge of the strip a can be bent over to form a
covering for the spikes or teeth after the clothing has been fastened on the flat but
we prefer the method above described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A metal strip (for fastening card clothing to the flats of carding engines)
made of such a width and so provided with a number of teeth or spikes, that the
latter can project through the foundation of the card clothing from beneath, and be
clinched or bent down on the upper surface thereof and that the lower edge of the
said strip can be bent under the edge of the flat to secure the clothing thereto, and
by preference so that the upper edge of the said strip can be bent down to cover
the clinched ends of the said teeth substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
set forth.
2. A metal strip (for fastening card clothing to the flats of carding engines)
provided with a flange having spikes or teeth projecting upwards therefrom sub-
stantially as herein before described and illustrated by Figs. 4, 5 and 6 of the
annexed drawings.
3. A metal strip (for fastening card clothing to the flats of carding engines)
provided with teeth punched therefrom and bent outwards and upwards substan-
tially as herein before described and illustrated by Fig. 11 of the annexed drawings.
Dated this 7th day of November 1893.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.