IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CHANGING THE DIRECTION OF THE FLOW OF STEAM FOR PURPOSES OF EVAPORATION
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Archibald Samuels Campbell, of Wharf Road,
City Road, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CHANGING THE DIRECTION OF THE FLOW
OF STEAM FOR PURPOSES OF EVAPORATION." -A communication from
abroad by Tomlin Campbell of the Island of Jamaica, Gentleman.
Sealed the 20th February 1872, and dated the 30th August 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Archibald Samuels
Campbell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 30th August 1871.
I, ARCHIBALD SAMUELS CAMPBELL, of Wharf Road, City Road, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CHANGING THE DIRECTION
OF THE FLOW OF STEAM FOR PURPOSES OF EVAPORATION," a communication
to me from abroad by Tomlin Campbell, of the Island of Jamaica,
Gentleman, to be as follows:-
.

page_text: may be caused to flow at the same time in any required direction, and
may have their course varied or changed independently of each other
when required at the will of the operator. This apparatus is specially
applicable to the directing the course of the evaporating steam and the
steam resulting from evaporation to any required number of evaporating
vessels, such as are described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to the said Tomlin Campbell on the 7th of October 1865,
No. 2590.
The essential feature of this Invention consists of one or more valve
chests, each subdivided into two or more chambers and provided with
inlet and outlet pipes, and with valves capable of being opened and
closed by hand, or otherwise, in any desired order or combination,
so as to vary the course of the currents of steam in any required
direction into and from any one or more of the series of evaporating
apparatus referred to in the said Specification.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent;-
filed by the said Archibald Samuels Campbell in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 29th February 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARCHIBALD
SAMUELS CAMPBELL, of Wharf Road, City Road, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
35th year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Archibald Samuels Campbell, Her special
license that I, the said Archibald Samuels Campbell, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Archibald
Samuels Campbell, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and 'at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, 'should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, 'an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CHANGING THE DIRECTION
OF THE FLOW OF STEAM FOR PURPOSES OF EvaPORATION," a communication

page_text: to me from abroad by Tomlin Campbell, of the Island of Jamaica,
Gentleman, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, tho said
Archibald Samuels Campbell, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
•
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Archibald Samuels Campbell, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that
is to say:-
The said Invention relates to a peculiar combination and arrangement
of valves and valve chests, whereby two or more distinct currents of
steam may be caused to flow at the same time in any required direction
and may have their course varied or changed independently of each other
when required at the will of the operator. This apparatus is specially
applicable to the directing the course of the evaporating steam and of
the steam resulting from or generated by evaporation through any
required number of evaporating vessels such as are described in the
Specification of Letters Patent granted to the said Tomlin Campbell,
bearing date the Seventh of October One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-five, No. 2590.
The essential feature of this Invention consists of one or more valve
chests, each subdivided into two or more chambers, and provided with
inlet and outlet pipes, and with valves capable of being opened and
closed by hand or otherwise, in any desired order or combination so as
to vary the course of the currents of steam in any required direction
into and from any one or more of the scrics of evaporating apparatus
referred to in the said Specification.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I
shall now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that
purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of
Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts
in all the Figures.

page_text: Figure 1 of the Drawings represents a side elevation of a portion of a
combined evaporating apparatus composed of a series of evaporating
vessels, substantially as set forth in the Specification herein-before
referred to, and Figure 2 is a corresponding plan of the same. The
sole object of these two views is to illustrate one mode of applying
or using the said improved arrangement of valves and valve chests.
In Figure 2 I have represented three of the improved valve chests,
marked A, A¹, A³, in connection with three evaporating. vessels, portions
of which are shown at B, B³, B³, and with the heating coils contained
therein (a portion of one of these coils is shown at C in the open
'evaporating vessel B³). The object of the improved arrangement of
valves and valve chests is to direct live or exhaust steam, as the
case may be, into any one or more of the heating coils and to direct the
steam which is generated in any one or more of the evaporating vessels
through any one or more of the heating coils, two or more distinct
. currents of steam being thus under perfect control by a simple
arrangement of valves and connections, which I shall now proceed
-more particularly to describe.--
.
Figure 3 of the Drawings represents a longitudinal vertical section
taken along the line 1-2, in Figure 4, of one of the valve chests on an
enlarged scale; Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken along the line
3-4, in Figure 1; Figure 5 is a similar section taken along the line
5-6; and Figure 6 is a vertical transverse section taken along the line
-7-8 in Figure 1.
The valve chests A may be of cast iron made in two parts, divided:
along the middle, and bolted together by the flanges at D. The bottom
of the valve chest may be cast on as shewn, and the cover or top plate E
is bolted to the flanges at D¹. This cover E is formed in this instance
with four stuffing boxes F, F, through which work the four valve
spindles G, G, G³, G³; each formed with a screw thread working
through a brass nut g, g³, g³, g³, screwed on to the under side of the
cover E. The lower end of each valve spindle is so connected
with a mitre valve H, H, H³, H³, as to turn freely therein, so that
on turning the screwed valve spindles the valves will be opened
or closed as required. Each valve chest A is provided with six branches
or openings marked I to I', and in the interior are formed transverse
partitions or divisions K, K, for the purpose of isolating some of the

page_text: valves from the others, as will be herein-after explained. Referring to
the first one A of the three valve chests in Figure 2 the opening or
branch I is in communication by means of the pipe i with any suitable
steam generator or with the exhaust steam pipe of a steam engine, which
steam is to be directed into the heating coil of the first evaporating
vessel B through the branch or opening I' and pipe (Figure 1) whilst
at the same time the steam which is gencrated from the liquid under
evaporation in the said vossel passes off by the pipe L (Figures 1 and 2)
through the branch or opening I into the valve chest, to be thence
directed by a suitable adjustment of the valves through the next valve
chest A' and thence into the coil of the second vessel B¹ of the series
whilst the generated steam from that vessel is again directed through the
coil of the third vessel B³, and so on whatever may be the number of
vessels and coils, the steam from each coil being allowed to escape in the
form of water of condensation. In directing the two currents of steam
along the courses above referred to the valve H must be open to allow
the heating steam to pass down through the valve Hand outlet I', the
opening or branch I' which is in the same chamber as the outlet
I' being in the caso of the first valve chest of the series permanently
closed by having a plate bolted thercon (as shown in Figure 2.) The
heating steam then passes directly from the opening I' of the valvo
chest to the first coil. In the meantime the generated steam from the
liquid in the first vessel B of the series passes off by the pipe L into the
valve chest through the branch or inlet opening I' through the open
valve Hand out by the opening or branch I' into the pipe (Figure 2)
which conveys the generated steam into the next valve chest A! through
the branch or opening I'. The valves H and H in the second valve
chest are to be closed, whilst the valve H³ being left open the generated
steam is directed through the opening I' to the coil in the second vessel
B'. The generated steam from the second vessel is directed by the same
arrangement of valves to the third coil and so on.
Supposing the first vessel B not to be working the heating steam will
have to pass directly through the first valve chest to the second valve
chest, for which purpose the valve H in the first one is to be closed, so
that the steam will simply enter by the opening I and pass out by the
opening I and pipe, and so on with the third or other valve chest
according to the number of vessels which may bo unemployed.

page_text: required in the coil of the second one but is required in the coil
of the third vessel, for example, then the valve H² in the second valve
chest is to be closed and the valve H' opened so that the generated
steam which enters the second valve chest by the branch I' may
pass through the open valve H' and out by the branch I to the
third valve chest, the valves H and H³ in the second valve chest
being also closed.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to 1
bo novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the
construction and use of valves and valve chests, so arranged as that
two or more distinct currents of steam may be caused to flow through
them at the same time in any required direction and may have their
course varied or changed independently of cach other when required
at the will of the operator, substantially in the manner and for the
purpose herein-before described and illustrated by the Drawings
hereunto annexed.
-יד*
In witness whereof, I, the said Archibald Samuels Campbell, havo
to this my Specification set my hand and scal, the Twenty-eighth
ARCHIBALD SAMUELS CAMPBELL. (L.S.)