Improvements in or appertaining to Joints for Lead Pipes or for Lead or other Soft Pipe with other Pipes
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 5th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 6th Sept., 1890
PROVIDIUNAL DIECIFICATION..
Improvements in or appertaining to Joints for Lead Pipes or for
Lead or other Soft Pipe with other Pipes.
We, WILLIAM HUGHES of 13 Church Road, Hoylake, in the County of Chester,
Plumber & Gasfitter and EMIL GIPPRICH of Alresford House, Hoylake aforesaid,
Commission Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object a method of and apparatus for joining lead pipes
to each other or lead pipes to iron, brass or copper, earthenware or the like, or india-
rubber or other soft pipes to hard pipes.
In carrying out our invention we form the pipe with a hard projecting conical
nozzle. In the case of a lead pipe in order to make the conical nozzle sufficiently
hard we place a double conical nozzle (of hard enough material) inside the lead pipe
to fit it. A second lead pipe expanded in a similar manner fits the projecting cone.
A pair of conical sleeves screwed into each other fit tightly over the two lead cones
and by screwing the two sleeves up tight, the latter are tightly compressed against
the lead, and the lead in turn tightly compressed against the iron double conical
nozzle. Instead of screwing the two sleeves one on to the other they can have a
right and left handed screw thread and a double nut having similar right and left
handed threads be screwed on them. In fixing, it is obvious that in place of screws
a bayonet joint or other equivalent fastening can be used or in large pipes two flanges
can terminate the two sleeves and these two flanges be screwed together by ordinary
screws. Where a hard pipe has to be fixed to a soft one we form the hard pipe with
a projecting hard nozzle to fit into the expanded soft pipe and arrange a screw on the
hard pipe to fit the screw on the sleeve over the soft one. As however with hard
pipes such as iron it is somewhat difficult to make them with a nozzle and the screw.
to suit, we form a separate nozzle with its screw, and screw this to or otherwise fix
this on the hard pipe.
Dated this 10th day of February 1890
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or appertaining to Joints for Lead Pipes or for
Lead or other Soft Pipe with other Pipes.
We, WILLIAM HUGHES of 13 Church Road, Hoylake, in the County of Chester,
Plumber and Gasfitter, and EMIL GIPPRICH of Alresford House, Hoylake aforesaid,
Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:
This invention has for its object a method of and apparatus for joining lead pipes to
each other, or lead pipes to pipes of iron, brass, copper or the like, or indiarubber, or
other soft pipes to hard pipes or the like. Such pipes may be simple pipes or they
may form parts of connecting pieces, cocks or similar hollow articles.
The invention may be carried into effect as follows, reference being had to the
accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section showing one arrangement which may be employed
when joining two lead pipes.
Figure 2 is a view of the joint ferrule detached.

page_text: .
Figure 3 is an elevation, partly in section, showing how a lead or other soft pipe
may be attached to a T-piece of iron, or other hard metal.
Figure 4 is an elevation, partly, in section, showing a device for connecting a soft
to a hard pipe.
Figure 5 is a sectional view showing how two soft pipes of different diameters may
be united.
In these :-
A is the lead or other soft pipe, the end of which is expanded by any suitable
means into a conical or similar tapering form as shown at a, whereby it is adapted to
fit on to a conical or similarly tapering nozzle B made of hard metal or material and
formed, either in a piece with the hard pipe to which the lead pipe is to be united, as
in Figures 3 and 4, or in a separate piece, as in Figures 1 and 2.
In joining two lead or other soft pipes together, two of the aforesaid hard nozzles
are placed base to base, being made in one piece, so that they form a hard double
conical jointing ferrule C, the two ends of which are adapted to be inserted
respectively into the two expanded ends of the pipes A to be joined, as shown in
Figures 1 and 2.
D is a sleeve which is mounted upon the lead pipe A and has a conical interior
adapted to fit tightly against the exterior of the conical end a of the pipe. Any
suitable means may be adopted for causing the sleeve D to compress the expanded
end of the pipe tightly between it and the internal nozzle B.
For instance, in joining two lead pipes, the two sleeves D may be made to screw
one upon the other as shown at d, Figure 1. Or the two sleeves may be provided
respectively with right and left hand screw threads and a double nut having similar
right and left hand screw threads may be screwed on to them. Or a bayonet joint or
other equivalent fastening device could be employed or especially in largo pipes-
the sleeves could be provided with flanges adapted to be drawn together by bolts
or screws.
Similarly, in uniting a lead or other soft pipe to a hard pipe or to the connecting
pipe of a hard hollow article, such as a T-piece, valve, etcetera, the conical sleeve may
be drawn up over the expanded pipe end and nozzle, by being screwed upon the said
hard pipe as at d¹, Figure 3, or by a bayonet joint, flanges and bolts, or the like.
In uniting two lead pipes, the following convenient mode of operation may be
adopted :-
The sleeves, having been greased inside, are first slipped on to their respective pipes
and the ends of the latter expanded by means of a tampin, the conical interiors of the
sleeves being employed as dies during the expanding operation. One end of the
double conical ferrule C is then inserted into the expanded end of one of the pipes
and the conical termination of the other pipe is fitted over the other, or projecting,
conical end of the ferrule. The sleeves are then screwed one upon the other until the
expanded pipe ends are tightly compressed between them and the ferrule C.
In cases where a soft pipe has to be joined to a hard pipe or the like, the hard
projecting nozzle B may be formed in one with the pipe or article and the sleeve D
screwed on to a collar d² thereon. This arrangement is convenient for uniting a soft
pipe to a T-piece as in Figure 3, or to a similar connection, or to the connecting pipe
of a valve, tap, or the like, especially when said articles are of cast metal.
In uniting a soft, pipe, however, to hard piping, which has frequently to be cut to
*varying lengths, and especially when said piping is of wrought metal, it will be
generally found more convenient to form the connection as shown in Figure 4. The
conical nozzle B and sleeve screw d' are formed on a separate connecting. piece. E
having a screw e adapted (in this instance) to fit on to the hard pipe F, though the
screw may, if desirable, be constructed to fit into the pipe. Facets e¹ may also be
provided for screwing the connecting piece E on to the hard pipe F. The said
connecting piece E may also be made in the form of a bend, to facilitate the connect-
ing of a soft pipe to a tap or other like fitting.
In Figure 5, the ferrule C is shown formed of two nozzles of different: diameters for

page_text: the purpose of uniting two soft pipes having different sized bores. It is most con-
venient to screw the larger sleeve D over the smaller one, as shown. The nozzles B
attached to taps or to connecting pieces; such as shown in Figures 3 and 4, may also
be so formed that pipes of smaller or larger bore may be attached to them.
It will be evident that the soft pipes, when intended to be united to other soft pipes,
could be prepared beforehand by soldering or otherwise securing one end of a
ferrule C into the expanded end of each of the first named pipes, the sleeve D having
been previously slipped on to the pipe. Also a single hard projecting nozzle could be
secured in any suitable manner to the end of a soft pipe, but in such a case, a suitable
collar, enlargement or projection would have to be provided on the pipe to serve as an
abutment for the sleeve D thereon..
By the term "soft pipe" may be understood generally all pipes which are capable
of being readily expanded and compressed as aforesaid at ordinary temperatures,
while the term "hard pipe" includes all pipes not capable of being so expanded or
compressed. It will be obvious that, instead of truly conical nozzles, other forms of
tapering nozzles could be employed, such as for instance those having a more or less
curved or hemispherical contour. It may be sometimes found advantageous to apply
an indiarubber or vulcanite covering or face to the ferrule C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A jointing device for uniting a leaden or other soft pipe to a second soft pipe or
to a hard pipe, said device consisting of a rigid conical or similarly tapering nozzle
projecting from the end of said second soft pipe or hard pipe into the expanded
extremity of the first named soft pipe, a rigid sleeve fitting over said expanded
extremity, and means for tightly compressing the latter between said rigid nozzle and
sleeve, substantially as described.
2. A device for uniting two soft pipes, consisting of a rigid tapering ferrule, such
as C, having its ends inserted into the expanded ends of the two pipes, and of a pair
of rigid sleeves fitting over said expanded ends respectively; and adapted to be drawn
forcibly together by screws or their equivalent, substantially as described.
Dated this 2nd day of August 1800
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, and London, Patent Agents.