IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRESSING AND POLISHING
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Sampson Moore, of Liverpool, in the County of Lan-
caster, Millwright, Engineer, and Ironfounder, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRESSING AND POLISHING
Sealed the 5th November 1861, and dated the 6th June 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Sampson Moore at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
June 1861.
I, SAMPSON MOORE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Millwright,
Engineer, and Ironfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRESSING AND POLISHING
RICE," to be as follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists, first, in an improved compound conical
mill, either vertical, inverted, diagonal, or horizontal, for dressing and polishing
rice at one operation; the upper part of this improved compound mill consists
of a frustrum of a cone fixed on a shaft, which cone is clothed with sheep's skin
or other suitable rubbing material, and of a casing formed partly of any num-
ber of stones, and partly of a corresponding number of spaces of wire cloth or
perforated metal; the object of the wire cloth or perforated metal being to
discharge dust or meal, and to admit air for keeping the mill cool, also for

page_text: preventing the "gumming" or fouling of the stones during the dressing or
scouring of the rice. The lower part of the mill, by which the polishing of the
rice is effected, consists of a frustrum of a cone fixed on a hollow tube; this conc
is also clothed with sheep's skin or other suitable polishing material, and it works
within a wire cloth case. The rice to be operated upon is supplied above and
discharged below after it has been scoured and polished by the cones above
referred to.
The second part of my Invention consists in the application of an apparatus
by which I effect a separate adjustment of each cone or drúm to the interior
of the casing; also in an improved modo of adjusting the stones, forming in
part the casing of mills for dressing rice, or for dressing and polishing rice;
near each end of each stone is attached a bracket, which is acted upon by a
regulating screw connected to the top and bottom plates; by this means the
stones are set up or drawn back with equal facility; this part of my Invention
is applicable to conical and cylindrical mills.
The third part of my Invention consists in the application of felt and
"gunney" bags as substitutes for or in addition to the usual sheep skins for
clothing the drums of machines used in dressing and polishing rice, also in
attaching such sheep skins or their substitutes to the drums by wires and
staples instead of tacks or nails, as now customary.
The fourth part of my Invention consists in an improved conical mill; either
vertical, inverted, diagonal, or horizontal, for dressing rice, which mill consists
of a frustrum of a cone fixed on a shaft, which cone is clothed with sheep's skin
or other suitable rubbing material, and of a casing formed partly of stone and
partly of wire cloth or perforated metal; the object of the wire cloth or per-
forated metal being to discharge dust or meal, and to admit air for keeping
the mill cool, and also for preventing the gumming or fouling of the stones
during the dressing of the rice. The second and third parts of my Invention
are applicable to the fourth part.
From the foregoing it will be seen that my Invention consists of a com-
pound mill for dressing and polishing rice at one operation, and of a single mill
for dressing rice at one operation without polishing; also in certain details in
the construction of mills for dressing and polishing rice.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Sampson Moore in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th
December 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMPSON
MOORE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Millwright, Engineer, and
Ironfounder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Sampson Moore, Her special licence that I, the said Sampson
Moore, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Sampson Moore, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRESSING AND POLISHING RICE,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Sampson Moore, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Sampson Moore, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement (that is to say):-
The nature of my Invention consists, first, in an improved compound conical
mill, cither vertical, diagonal, or horizontal, for "dressing" and "polishing "
rice at one operation; the upper part of this improved compound mill consists
of a frustrum of a cone fixed on a shaft, which cone is clothed with sheep's
skin or other suitable rubbing inaterial, and of a casing formed. partly of any
number of stones, and partly of a corresponding number of spaces of wire cloth
or perforated metal, the object of the wire cloth or perforated metal being to
discharge dust or meal, and to admit air for keeping the mill cool, also for
preventing the "gumming" or fouling of the stones during the dressing or

page_text: Scouring of the rice. The lower part of the min, by which the ponsumg or
the rice is effected, consists of a frustrum of a cone fixed on a hollow tube; this
cone is also clothed with sheep's skin or other suitable polishing material, and
it works within a wire cloth case. The rice to be operated upon is supplied
above and discharged below after it has been scoured and polished by the
cones above referred to.
The second part of my Invention consists in the application of an apparatus
by which I effect a separate adjustment of each cone or drum to the interior
of the casing; also in an improved mode of adjusting the stones, forming
in part the casing of mills for dressing rice, or for dressing and polishing
rice; near each end of each stone is attached a bracket, which is acted upon
by a regulating screw connected to the top and bottom plates, by this means
the stones are set up or drawn back with equal facility; this part of my
Invention is applicable to conical and cylindrical mills in general.
The third part of my Invention consists in the application of felt and
"gunney" bags as substitutes for or in addition to the usual sheep skins for
clothing the drums of machines used in dressing and polishing rice, also
in attaching such sheep skins or their substitutes to the drums by wires and
staples instead of tacks or nails, as now customary.
The fourth part of my Invention consists in an improved conical mill, either
vertical, inverted, diagonal, or horizontal, for dressing "rice, which mill
consists of a frustrum of a cone fixed on a shaft, which cone is clothed with
sheep's skin or other suitable rubbing material, and of a casing formed partly-
of stone and partly of wire cloth or perforated metal; the object of the wire
cloth or perforated metal being to discharge dust or meal, and to admit air for
keeping the mill cool, and also for preventing the gumming or fouling of
the stones during the dressing of the rice. The third part of my Invention is
applicable to the fourth part.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed to describe the two accompanying Sheets of Drawings,
reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
On Sheet 1, Figure 1 is a vertical section of my improved compound mill
for "dressing" and "polishing" rice at one operation; the Drawing represents
the mill in a vertical position; but it may be placed in a diagonal or hori-
zontal position. a is a drum, of the shape of a frustrum of a cone, fixed upon
the shaft b, which revolves above in the pedestal and socket c', and below in
the footstep d; the pedestal c and socket c' are bolted to the cross frame e,
and the footstep d is capable of being moved up and down in the bracket d',
bolted to the cross frame f; both these cross frames are attached to the

page_text: pillars g, and form together the framing of the mill. The cone drum a is
clothed with sheep's skin or other suitable rubbing material, and it revolves
within a casing formed of four or other convenient number of stones h,.
the spaces between which are. filled up by wire cloth or perforated metal
attached to frames of wood or iron, as shewn at i, in the plan view,
Figure 3 of Sheet 2; the object of the wire cloth or perforated metal is
to discharge the dust.or meal given off by the rice during the operation of.
dressing or scouring, and to admit air to keep the mill cool, and to prevent
the gumming or fouling of the stones. k is another drum, of the shape of a
frustrum of a cone, which is fixed on the hollow spindle 7, fitting the shaft b,
and the lower part revolves in a footstep in the wheel m, which is capable of
vertical adjustment, as will be explained hereafter; the spindle is connected
to the shaft by the keys l', fixed through the shaft b, and fitting in slots in
the spindle ; the object being to allow the shaft and the spindle to be adjusted
independently of each other. The cone is also clothed with sheep skins or
other suitable polishing material, and it works within the wire cloth case n.
The casings for the drums a and k are supported between the top plate e',
intermediate plate e, and bottom plate e, all of which are connected to the
pillars g, to which are cast flanges, as shewn in Figure 3, for the outer
casing e'.
The mode of adjusting each cone drum to the interior of the casing is as
follows: The footstep d fits on the square end of the screw o, the thread of
which passes through the bush o', to which is fixed the hand wheel o; the
bush o passes through a hole in the bracket d', consequently when the hand
wheel of is turned round, the screw o, footstep d, shaft b, and drum a, are
raised or lowered, so as to diminish or increase the distance between the
drum a and its casing; in like manner the wheel m, which forms a footstep
for the hollow spindle 1, is provided with a screwed bush m', passing through
the nut m, and the wheel m is turned round by the long pinion p fixed on
the shaft p', to. the lower end of which is fixed the hand wheel p³, conse-
quently when this wheel is turned round, the wheel m, spindle I, and drum k,
are raised or lowered to vary the distance between this drum and the casing n..
The stones h forming part of the casing of the drum a are each capable of
being adjusted in the following manner:-To each end of each stone h is fixed.
a bracket h¹, see Figure 3, into which is fixed the end of the screw h², each
screw passes through a projection e' cast or fixed to the under side of the top
plate e', and to the upper side of the intermediate plate e, and on each side of
these projections is a regulating nut; by turning these nuts round, the stone
to which they are connected is either set up or drawn back from the drum.

page_text: I wish to observe that. this improved mode of adjusting the stones h is
applicable to all mills for dressing or scouring rice in which stone casings
are employed.
The drums a and k are driven by the countershaft 9 and the bevel wheels
and q, the latter of which is connected to the shaft b by a key and groove
to allow the said shaft to slide through the wheel when the drum a is
adjusted; the boss of the wheel q' revolves in the socket c', which forms a
chamber containing lubricating material.
.
The rice to be operated upon is supplied continuously to the upper end of
the mill by a hopper and spout (not shewn in the Drawing), and through the
opening in the top plate e¹; and after the rice has been dressed or scoured
and polished by the action of the drums a and k, it is discharged below through
the spout e formed in the case attached to the lower plate ; this case has a
hollow socket fitting over the spindle l.
On Sheet 2, Figure 2 is a vertical section, and Figure 3, a transverse
section of my improved conical mill for " dressing" rice, which may be
inverted or placed diagonally or horizontally; this mill is particularly appli-
cable for dressing rice on a large scale, and it is exactly similar to the
upper part of the compound dressing and polishing mill above described in
reference to Figure 1. and the corresponding parts are therefore marked with
similar letters and figures of reference. The rice after having been dressed
by the machine above described is polished in a separate machine similar
to the lower part of the compound mill shown in Sheet 1, or by any ordinary
polishing machine.
My improvements in clothing the drums of machines for dressing and
polishing rice are not only applicable to the improved machinery above
described, but also to the rice mills now known and in use, and they consist
in the application of felt and "gunney" bags as substitutes for or in addition
to the usual sheep skins.
When felt is used it should be strong, coarse, and
rough, so as to produce the requisite rubbing action on the rice; the article
known as "gunney" bag is a coarse fabric, in which East Indian rice is
generally packed when imported into this country; it possesses the requisite.
properties for dressing and polishing rice, and is a cheap substitute for sheep's
skins. I wish to observe that in some cases I prefer to clothe the drums first
with sheep skins, to give the requisite elasticity, and afterwards with felt or
gunney" bags, which are more durable and less expensive.
65
Another part of my Invention consists in attaching sheep skins or thin
substitutes to the drums by wires and staples instead of by tacks or nails, as
now customary.

page_text: Having thus stated the nature of my Invention and described the manner
of performing the same, I declare that I claim,-
First, the combination and arrangement of the improved machinery de-
scribed and and shewn on Sheet 1, for "dressing" and "polishing" rice at
one operation.
Secondly, the constructing the casing of the drums of rice "dressing"
machines partly of stone and partly of wire cloth or perforated metal, as
shewn and described.
Thirdly, the improved mode of adjusting the stones forming part of the
casing of rice "dressing" machines, as shewn and described.
Fourthly, the improved mode of adjusting the drums of compound machines
for "dressing" and "polishing" rice, as shewn and described in reference to
Figure 1.
Fifthly, the improved machinery described and shewn in Sheet 2 for
"dressing" rice.
Sixthly, the application and use of felt and "gunney bags" as substitutes
for or in addition to sheep skins, for clothing the drums of machines for
dressing" and "polishing" rice, as described.
And, lastly, the improved mode of fastening the clothing to the drums of
machines for "dressing" and "polishing" rice, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Sampson Moore, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
SAMPSON MOORE (0)
SAMPSON MOORE (1)