Improvements in Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL DI MUITIVATION.
Improvements in Pile Fabrics.
I, JOSE REIXACII, a Managing Director of Lister & Co., Limited, of Manningham
Mills, Bradford, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to improve the cloth produced when woven as
described in the specification of my application for Patent No. 9768/96.
In that specification there are described three methods of weaving a double pile
fabric (with two shuttles thrown simultaneously) with a fast pile i.e. with the pile
tied in by three or more picks of weft; there is also described a method by which
the pile is tied in by one pick of weft only and is covered at the back by a floating
warp.
By my present invention I dispense with the floating warp and so arrange the
ground warps and the weft threads as to hold the pile securely so that it can be
cut cleanly without being dragged out by the knife.
I tie in the pile and warp threads as follows:-
The two picks of weft which are thrown simultaneously immediately after the
crossing of the warp threads in the top and bottom pieces have not the pile threads
passed round them but the pile which had last been bound in the top piece is
brought to the bottom of the top piece shed, and the pile which had last been
bound in the bottom piece is brought to the top of the bottom piece, shed so that
the top shuttle passes over and the bottom shuttle passes under both the pile threads.
The next two picks of weft bind alternate threads of pile into the top and bottom.
pieces, one pile thread being bound round the top piece weft thread and the other
or alternate pile thread being bound round the bottom piece weft thread the warp
threads remaining in the same position as before.
The warp threads of both the top and bottom pieces are now crossed and a pair
of picks is thrown round which the pile threads are not passed.
The fourth pair of picks is now thrown the warps remaining in the same position
as for the preceding pair of picks, and the pile threads are passed round them,
that pile thread which was last tied into the top piece being now tied into the
bottom piece and vice versa; this completes the cycle of picks and the first pair is
again thrown and so on.
The pile threads where they are bound into either ground are held by a single
pick of weft and bound either by a single ground warp above and below the weft
or bound between two ground warps above and two below the weft.
In order to carry into effect this and the preceding weave described the pile
threads are raised and depressed by tappets which impart to the pile threads three
distinct lifts or positions, one for those pile threads which are at the top of the
top piece shed both shuttles passing under; one for the threads which are between
the two sheds the top shuttle passing over and the bottom shuttle passing under;
and one for the bottom position both shuttles passing over.
In a modification the pile is passed round two picks of weft and is held, where

page_text: it emerges from the ground between two picks of weft which are thrown in the
same warp shed.
The first two picks of weft which are thrown simultaneously immediately after
the crossing of the warp threads tie in one of the pile threads to the top piece and
tie in the alternate pile thread in the adjacent split to the bottom piece.
The second pair of picks which are thrown in the same ground warp sheds as
the preceding pair tie in opposite pile threads in the top and bottom pieces to those
last tied in; that is the pile threads are crossed over and that which was tied in to
the top piece is now passed round the pick of weft in the bottom piece, and
vice versa.
The ground warps in both top and bottom pieces are crossed before throwing the
third pair of picks and the same pile threads which were passed round the second
pair of picks also pass round the third pair.
The fourth pair of picks which are thrown in the same ground warp sheds as
the preceding pair tie in opposite pile threads in the top and bottom pieces to those
last tied in, that is the pile threads are crossed over and the same pile threads which
were tied in to the top and bottom pieces by the first pair of picks are again tied
in by the fourth pair.
This completes the cycle of picks and the first pair now follows and so on.
It will be seen that the pile threads are passed round two picks of weft in both
pieces, one pile thread being passed round the second and third picks of the top
piece while the opposite or alternate pile thread is passed round the second and
third picks of the bottom piece.
If desired the pile threads may be all tied in over the same picks of weft, the pile
threads in each split being not woven alternately but both passed round say the
second and third pick of the top piece and then round the fourth and first picks
of the bottom piece.
In either of these cases the pile where it emerges from the ground is locked
between the first and second picks which are both thrown in the same warp sheds
and as no warp threads cross between them they are packed up close against each
other and so hold the pile fast, the other tuft of the pile where it emerges from the
ground is held between the third and fourth picks in the same way.
There are in each piece two warp threads by preference to every pile thread that
is each split or dent consists of one pile thread and two warp threads for the top
piece and two warp threads for the bottom piece, these warp threads being tied in
the same in each split.
By these improved methods of weaving I am enabled to cheapen the cost of pro-
duction by throwing two shuttles simultaneously and economise pile by tying in
over one or two picks only; at the same time the pile is so firmly held that I am
enabled to cut it cleanly and produce a fine and even piece.
Dated thin th
ր
1 1000
I, JOSÉ REIXACH, a Managing Director of Lister & Co., Limited, of Manningham
Mills, Bradford, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to improve the cloth produced when woven as
described in the specification of my application for Patent No. 9768/96.

page_text: In that specification there are described three methods of weaving a double pile
fabric (with two shuttles thrown simultaneously) with a fast pile i.e. with the pile
tied in by three or more picks of weft; there is also described a method by which
the pile is tied in by one pick of weft only and is covered at the back by a floating
warp.
By my present invention I dispense with the floating warp and so arrange the
ground warps and the weft threads as to hold the pile securely so that it can be
cut cleanly without being dragged out by the knife.
I tie in the pile and warp threads as follows and as is illustrated in diagram
Figs. 1 and 2, Figure 1 being a section of the double fabric, and Figure 2 a face
view of one of the cloths.
The two picks of weft which are thrown simultaneously immediately after the
crossing of the warp threads in the top and bottom pieces have not the pile threads
passed round them but the pile which had last been bound in the top piece is
brought to the bottom of the top piece shed, and the pile which had last been bound
in the bottom piece is brought to the top of the bottom piece shed so that the top
shuttle passes over and the bottom shuttle passes under both the pile threads. The
next two picks of weft bind alternate threads of pile into the top and bottom pieces,
one pile thread being bound round the top piece weft thread and the other or alter-
nate pile thread being bound round the bottom piece weft thread the warp threads
remaining in the same position as before.
The warp threads of both the top and bottom pieces are now crossed and a pair
of picks is thrown round which the pile threads are not passed.
The fourth pair of picks is now thrown the warps remaining in the same position
as for the preceding pair of picks, and the pile threads are passed round them,
that pile thread which was last tied into the top piece being now tied into the
bottom piece and vice versa; this completes the cycle of picks and the first pair is
again thrown and so on.
The pile threads where they are bound into either ground are held by a single
pick of weft and bound either by a single ground warp above and below the weft
or bound between two ground warps above and two below the weft.
In order to carry this into effect the pilo threads are raised and depressed by
tappets which impart to the pile threads three distinct lifts or positions, one for
those pile threads which are at the top of the top piece shed both shuttles passing
under, one for the threads which are between the two sheds the top shuttle passing
over and the bottom shuttle passing under; and one for the bottom position both
shuttles passing over.
In a modification illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 the pile is passed round two picks
of weft and is held, where it emerges from the ground between two picks of weft
which are thrown in the same warp shed.
The first two picks of weft which are thrown simultaneously immediately after
the crossing of the ground warp threads tie in one of the pile threads to the top
piece and tie in the alternate pile thread in the adjacent split to the bottom piece.
The second pair of picks which are thrown in the same ground warp sheds as
the preceding pair tie in opposite pile threads in the top and bottom pieces to those
last tied in; that is the pile threads are crossed over and that which was tied in to
the top piece is now passed round the pick of weft in the bottom piece, and vice
versa.
The ground warps in both top and bottom pieces are crossed before throwing the
third pair of picks and the same pile threads which were passed round the second
pair of picks also pass round the third pair.
The fourth pair of picks which are thrown in the same ground warp sheds as the
preceding pair tie in opposite pile threads in the top and bottom pieces to those
last tied in, that is the pile threads are crossed over and the same pile threads
which were tied in to the top and bottom pieces by the first pair of picks are again
tied in by the fourth pair.
This completes the cycle of picks and the first pair now follows and so on.

page_text: It will be seen that the pile threads are passed round two picks of weft in both
pieces, one pile thread being passed round the second and third picks of the top
piece while the opposite or alternate pile thread is passed round the second and third
picks of the bottom piece.
If desired the pile threads may be all tied in over the same picks of weft, the pile
threads in each split being not woven alternately but both passed round say the
second and third pick of the top piece and then round the fourth and first picks
of the bottom piece.
locked
In either of these cases the pile where it emerges from the ground
between the first and second picks which are both thrown in the same warp sheds
and as no warp threads cross between them they are packed up close against each
other and so hold the pile fast, the other tuft of the pile where it emerges from the
ground is held between the third and fourth picks in the same way.
There are in each piece two warp threads by preference to every pile thread that
is each split or dent consists of one pile thread and two warp threads for the top
piece and two warp threads for the bottom piece, these warp threads being tied in
the same in each split.
By these improved methods of weaving I am enabled to cheapen the cost of pro-
duction by throwing two shuttles simultaneously and economise pile by tying in
over one or two picks only; at the same time the pile is so firmly held that I am
enabled to cut it cleanly and produce a fine and even piece.
said
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The double shuttle weave substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 1
and 2 of the drawings.
2. The double shuttle weave substantially as described and illustrated in
Figures 3 and 4 of the drawings.
Dated this 24th day of December 1897.