Improvements in Umbrellas.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Feb., 1892-Accepted, 9th Apr., 1892
עשע
DI POIFICATIVA.
Improvements in Umbrellas.
I, EDWARD BRIGGS, of Briggella Mills, Bradford, in the County of York,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to the production of an umbrella, which shall be of such a
character as to enable a person using it to see through the umbrella, sufficiently to
be enabled to guide his course and avoid obstacles, without the necessity of raising
the umbrella when held to the front. Various attempts have been made to secure
this result, and it has even been proposed to furnish an umbrella with glazed
O apertures, through which the user might be able to see to the front.
According to my invention, I use for the covering of my improved umbrella
Firstly, a material which is woven of a warp and weft of silk threads or fibres
which have been wound or prepared in such a manner as not to remove the natural
gum. Also in any subsequent processes of dyeing or dressing the material, care is
taken to conduct the operation at such temperature and under such conditions as
not to remove the natural gum. The preservation of the natural gum in the
finished fabric renders it non-absorbent and rain resisting and it should be woven
for the purpose of umbrellas of a texture as light as is compatible with sufficient
resistance to rain. The result is that, a fabric may be produced so translucent, that
objects can be clearly seen through the fabric, which is yet sufficiently impervious.
The manufacture of this fabric is the subject of an application for Letters Patent
of even date herewith numbered 3067 and no claim to the fabric itself is intended
to be made herein.
Secondly, a material which is woven with a silk warp prepared as in the first
material in every respect but the weft is of polished cotton, the polish on the cotton
acts in the same manner as the natural gum in the silk warp. This combination
can be made in different qualities, care in all cases being taken in the finishing not
to disturb the natural gum in the silk and the polish on the cotton.
Thirdly, a material which is woven with a polished cotton warp and a silk weft,
care always being taken not to disturb the polish on the cotton, or the natural gum
in the silk.
According to the present invention, instead of providing apertures in the umbrella
cover fitted with transparent material, I make the whole cover of the material
above described, and stretch it upon or attach it to a suitable frame and stick in the
ordinary manner. The result is that, a person provided with such an umbrella is
enabled, when carrying it to the front in a shower of rain, to see through the cover-
ing sufficiently to guide his course without lifting the umbrella.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The combination of a covering made of the materials above described and con-
sisting entirely of silk, or of silk and polished cotton, with the natural gum of the
silk and the polish on the cotton preserved in the fabric, with a suitable frame and
stick so as to form an umbrella which is translucent and at the same time sufficiently
impervious to rain.
Dated this 13th day of February 1892.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent