A New or Improved Means or Method of Carrying Weft Threads Across Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Oct., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 11th July, 1890-Accepted, 16th Aug., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Means or Method of Carrying Weft Threads
Across Looms for Weaving.
We, HARRY HODGSON, of No. 5, Cross 'Banks, Shipley, near Bradford, Yorkshire,
Manufacturer, and CHARLES BEDFORD, of 25 Bingley Road, Shipley, Machine Shop."
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has reference to looms for weaving, and consists in a new means
and method of sending or carrying weft across looms instead of the ordinary shuttle
with its cop or bobbin now used for that purpose.
In carrying out our invention we dispense with the ordinary shuttle and use instead
thereof an instrument carrying one or more thread grippers for the purpose of carrying
the weft across the loom. Bobbius or cops for supplying weft to the loom are placed
at each side thereof one end from each bobbin of weft being conducted to an eyelet in
the weft guide placed on each side of the loom. A flat spring is arranged in connection
with the eyelet for putting drag on the weft so as to prevent it from slipping after
being cut, and also to place tension on the said weft until it is beaten up. The
travelling instrument is sent backwards and forwards across the loom by a picker
after the manner of an ordinary shuttle, and when the instrument has entered the
box and carried a shoot of weft through the shed, the reed beats up so as to make the
shoot of weft secure, immediately after which a stud projecting from the travelling
instrument is operated by a hinged finger or other device the movement of which stud
causes the grippers to release their hold of the shoot of weft last brought through the
shed, and simultaneously therewith the opposite end of the gripper, or another
gripper, seizes hold of the end of the weft issuing from the opposite bobbin or weft
guide. The instrument is then sent back through the shed by the picker when the
weft thus laid in the shed is beaten up by the reed, whereupon the stud projecting
from the instrument is again operated by a finger, causing the said stud to act upon
the grippers, so as to release their hold of the weft last brought through the shed and
seize hold of the other end of weft as already described, and this goes on so long as
the loom is at work. In order that the weft may be kept at a suitable tension when
it is being beaten up by the reed, the weft guides previously mentioned as
being employed to guide the weft, is caused to advance towards the selvedge of the
cloth so that between the said weft guide and the grippers the weft is at a suitable
tension for being beaten up. The weft guide, however, returns to its original position
again, previous to the weft carrying instrument returning to that end of the stay. If
desirable a flat spring or other device may be employed at each end of the slay so as
to keep the weft carrier firmly in position every time it arrives home. Each shoot of
weft sent across the shed is severed or cut after each beat up so as to leave an end
of weft projecting from the eyelet free for the grippers to take hold of.
By employing a weft carrying instrument as herein described, we dispense with
the weft cop or bobbin now employed in shuttles, therefore the size of the weft
carrying instrument is reduced, consequently the size of the shed is reduced, by
which means the tension on the warp is lessened, as will be well understood by those
conversant with the trade in addition to which the sweep or movement of the going
part can be lessened, whilst the weft of new bobbins can be piecened up without
stopping the loom, whereby a saving of time is effected.
Dated this 10th day of October 1889.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Means or Method of Carrying Weft Threads
Across Looms for Weaving.
We, HARRY HODGSON, of 5 Cross Banks, Shipley, near Bradford, Yorkshire, Cloth
Manufacturer's Assistant, and CHARLES BEDFORD, of 42 Hall Lane, formerly of
25, Bingley Road, Shipley aforesaid, Machine. Shop Manager, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to the method of and mechanism for sending or carrying
shoots of weft across the warp in looms for weaving, instead of the ordinary shuttle
with its cop or bobbin, now used for that purpose.
The object of our invention is to provide mechanism for carrying shoots of weft
across the warp without the presence of the cop or bobbin containing the weft in the
shuttle, and to reduce the size of the shuttle so that a smaller shed can be formed
and the tension on the warp reduced.
To this end our invention consists in the novel and peculiar arrangement, con-
struction, and operation of the several parts of mechanism, all as hereinafter fully
described.
In the accompanying Drawings illustrating our invention:-
Fig. 1 is a section of loom shewing the tappets and levers for operating the picking
rod 19 and the lever 17, the latter being for moving the double cammed slide laterally
in the weft carrying instrument or shuttle, and for adjusting or placing the said
weft carrying instrument in its proper position.
Fig. 2 is plan of the slay board I shewn in Fig. 1, together with the weft carriers,
weft guides, boxes, and connections for weft.
Fig. 3 is part front elevation of slay board, and
Fig. 4 is plan thereof.
Fig. 5 is section taken on line 1-2 of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is section taken on line 3-4 of Fig. 3.
Fig. is section taken on line 5-6 of Fig. 3.
Fig. 8 is elevation of slay board shewing modified means for moving the double
cammed slide 11 and 12 and adjusting the weft carrying instrument in its box.
Fig. 9 is enlarged detail plan view of the instrument and jaws, holders, or
grippers for holding weft, shewing more plainly the position of the lever 17 which
passes through an opening or slot in the weft carrying instrument and enters an
opening or slot made centrally in the double cam and slide 11 and 12 for acting
thereon at the proper moment so as to open and close the jaws, holders, or grippers
and adjust the instrument.
Fig. 10 is front elevation of the weft holder and guide 55 and eyelet 54.
Fig. 11 is section taken on line 7-8 of Fig. 9.
Fig. 12 is section of the slay board I and portion of the loom shewing the modifi-
cation and arrangement of the weft holders and guides and the method and means of
operating the same when weaving fancy goods and several wefts are employed; the
weft holders and guides shewn in the previous figures answering only when weaving
plain fabrics and the same weft is used throughout.
Fig. 13 is front elevation of a portion of the slay board, shewing the weft holders
and guides and means for operating them.
Fig. 14 is section of the loom shewing the means for selecting and presenting the
weft holder and guide carrying the weft which is to be woven into the fabric to form
the required pattern, opposite the "shed," and the means for severing the weft when
it is beaten up against the last shoot of weft.
Fig. 14 is section also shewing the apparatus for severing the weft when
beaten up.
Fig. 15 is enlarged section, taken on line 9-10 in Fig. 13, of the weft holders and
guides and their supports.
Fig. 16 is front elevation and Fig. 17 end elevation of the jacquard or dobby for

page_text: selecting and determining the presentation of the weft holders and guides in position
for the ends of weft to be seized by the grippers in the weft carrying instrument.
Fig. 18 is enlarged elevation of the levers for sliding the bar 33 endwise.
Fig. 19 shews the ordinary stop rod finger and parts for operating the shipper rod
for shipping the belt from the fast to the loose pulley to stop the loom when the weft
carrying instrument fails to enter the box at either end of the loom.
66
A represents the framework of the loom, B the crank shaft, C the low or tappet
shaft, D the warp beam, E the breast beam, F the cloth or taking up roller, G the slay
or going" part, working upon a fulcrum H, all arranged in the ordinary manner.
The slay board is shewn at I, which for the purpose of our invention is made hollow
and preferably composed of metal. The shuttle or weft carrying instrument is shewn
at K and is of peculiar construction, being shewn more plainly in plan view Fig. 9.
This shuttle is composed of a box or shell, within which is a loose part composed of
two camis 11 and 12, the said cams being connected together by a web, in which web
is formed a slot or opening for the purpose of allowing the double cam to be slided end-
wise within the said shuttle as hereinafter explained. Within the said shuttle or weft
carrying instrument K is also a flat spring 13 hinged or working upon a fulcrum 14
fixed in the weft carrying instrument. This flat spring 13, in conjunction with
fingers 15 or with the back of the instrument, forms grippers, gripping or seizing hold
of the weft before the instrument is sent backwards and forwards across the loom.
Fig. 9 shews the grippers to have hold of the weft thread 16, and they are held
in that position so as to retain their hold of the weft by means of the cam 11,
which is forcing the hinged gripper 13 against the stationary finger 15 whereby
the end of the said weft is retained. After the weft carrying instrument is sent
across the loom as hereinafter described, and enters the opposite shuttle box, a
hinged lever 17 enters the slot formed in the double cam 11 and 12 causing the
double cam to advance within the shuttle, whereby the cam 11 releases its hold of
the spring 13 and sets the shoot of weft 16 at liberty, and simultaneously with
such sliding movement of the cam 11, the other cam 12 presses against the other
end of the gripper 13 as shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 9, whereupon the weft 18
is seized hold of by the end of the gripper, immediately after which the shuttle is
sent back across the loom, when the double cam is again slided as just explained
so as to cause the grippers to release their hold of one weft and take hold of the
other weft, and this goes on so long as the loom proceeds to weave.
a is the
front of the shuttle box, which the shuttle or weft carrying instrument enters
into on arriving at the end of the loom, said box front being hinged at bon a
stud carried in a bracket bolted to the slayboard and caused to abut against the
instrument by springs c and d (see Fig. 3), acting upon the "swells
7 and m
attached to the sliding bar 33 with which they travel, by
bracket n.
means of the
The spring d is a light one and is always pressing lightly on the box front a
through the medium of the swell m, the box front a therefore pressing against
the weft carrying instrument K when it is in the box, and ensuring a straight
movement being given to the said instrument when it is being picked out of the
box across the warp. The spring is a much stronger one than spring d and is
so fixed on the sliding bar 33 that when the instrument K is being picked out of
the shuttle box, the swell is not pressing against the box front and forcing the
latter against the instrument; but when the instrument is entering the box, the
endwise movement of the bar 33 places the swell 7 in position to act against the box
front a by means of the spring e for the purpose of checking the speed of the instru-
ment on its entering the box and preventing it from forcibly striking against the
picking collar 20, or the end of the shuttle box. thus avoiding any rebounding of
the said instrument in the box. By the time the instrument or shuttle is to be
picked back again, the rod 33 has been moved endwise to its former position as
shewn in Figs. 3 and 4 and the swell and spring c removed from contact with
the box front a so that the said box front shall not press forcibly against the
instrument or shuttle when being picked.

page_text: Similar springs and swells to those just described act in the same manner upon the
box front at the opposite or right hand side of the loom (not shewn), but it will be
understood that the movement endwise in one direction of the bar 33 whilst with-
drawing the swell and spring c from the box front a at the left hand side of the loom,
will place the corresponding spring and swell at the opposite or right hand side of the
loom in position to act and press against the box front and check the instrument or
shuttle which has just been picked from the left hand box, and vice versa on the shuttle
being picked back again.
A modified form of mechanism is shewn in Fig. 9 for operation the grippers 13 in
the shuttle K and this is done as the lay beats up by a projection fixed to the breast
beam coming into contact with the end of the yielding stud 113 projecting from the
box front.
The front of the shuttle K is made with two openings or apertures 114 and 115.
through which passes the yielding stud 113 when operated upon, the action being such
that when the head 116 of the said stud is forced through the opening 114 it strikes a
holding device or cam 117 capable of turning or oscillating on a stud or pin 118 fixed
in the shuttle, the effect of which is to close one end of the grippers, so as to seize hold of
the end of the weft thread, and simultaneously therewith the opposite end of the device
or cam 117 releases the other end of the grippers and liberates the end of the weft
thread, which is being held thereby. It will be observed that the end of the cam 117
is formed or shaped so as to hold the gripper and cause it to press on the back of the
shuttle for the purpose of securely holding the thread. When the shuttle gets to the
other end of the shuttle box, a corresponding yielding stud 113 is operated and passed
through the other aperture 115 in the shuttle, whereby the position of the cam 117 is
reversed, causing the gripper to release its hold of one end of the weft thread, to take
hold of the other end, and so on, at each beat up of the slay. The spiral spring 119
brings the yielding-stud 113 back into position to be operated upon by the motion
of the slay.
The shuttle may be sent across the loom by the ordinary form of picking
mechanism, but we propose to send the said shuttle across the loom by a new
and improved method and means, consisting of a spindle or rod 19 shewn in
Fig. 3, the front or propelling end of which is provided with a boss or collar 20,
such said rod 19 having fixed to it at the opposite end a lug 21 provided with a
sneck, so that it may be slided back into position, after having picked the shuttle
across the loom, by means of a hinged rod 22, the front end of which is made
with a hook or sneck 23; the opposite end of such rod 22 is connected to the upper
end of a bell crank form of lever 24 and 25, connected to the upper end of an
upright rod 26 attached to a lever 27, working upon a fulcrum 28 (see Fig. 1)
carrying a bowl 29, such said bowl being depressed by a cam 30 fixed to the tappet
shaft C; thus when the said cam 30 revolves the full part thereof depresses the
bowl 29, causing the lever 27 to move on its fulcrum 28 and lift up the vertical
rod 26, the effect of which is to draw lug 21 and rod 19 back into position for
picking, (as shewn in Figs. 3 and 4) the shuttle when it re-enters that box and during
the time the full part of the cam 30 presses on the bowl 29, the catch 23 (at the end of
hinged rod 22) is lifted out of contact with the sneck in lug 21, whereupon the spiral
spring 31, compressed between the collar 20 on the rod or shaft 19. and collar 32,
fixed firmly to the going part I, is set free, and forces the rod 19 and boss 20 endwise
towards the shuttle box, the collar 20 striking against the near end of the instru
ment K, (which is in contact with or close to said collar) the force of the impact
thereof being sufficient to send the instrument across the loom, carrying the weft with
it. The motion of the rod 19 is arrested by the contact of the lug 21 with the
leather boss or cushion p mounted loosely on rod 19 and abutting against the fixed
collar 32, which said cushion acts also as a stop piece for preventing the rod 19 and
collar 20 from moving further than is necessary to give force to carry the shuttle
across the loom.
The mechanism we employ for lifting the catch 23 out of contact with the lug 21
consists of a horizontal bar 33 (see Figs. 3, 4, 14, and 18) receiving a reciprocating

page_text: rectilinear motion by means of a bell crank form of lever 34 working upon a fulerum 35
attached to a vertical rod 36 connected to one end of a lever 37 working upon a
fulcrum 38, such said lever 37 being oscillated. up and down by means of a rod 39
and eccentric 40 working upon the tappet shaft C. The said sliding bar 33, in moving
to the extent of its motion towards the left hand of Figs. 3 and 4, comes into contact
with the pin 41 projecting from a hinged lever 42 working upon a fulcrum 43, the
opposite end of which lever 42 carries a pin 44, resting against the underside of the
hinged rod 22, with the result that the lever 42 is moved upon its fulcrum, causing
the pin 44 to elevate the hinged rod 22 and lift the sneck 23 out of contact with the
sneck in lug 21, which, as previously explained, allows the rod 19 to be sent forward
by the spiral spring 31. It must be understood that similar mechanism to that just
described is arranged at each end of the loom.
Referring to a former part of this Specification, where it was said that a lever 17
entered a slot made in the double cammed slide 11-12 for the purpose of sliding the
said double cam within the shuttle for operating the grippers, we will now describe
the manner in which said lever 17 is operated, reference being had more particu-
larly to enlarged details Figs. 3 and 7, where it will be observed that the said lever 17
is connected to a rod 45, the opposite end of which is connected to a bell crank lever 46
attached to the vertical rod 47 whose lower end is connected to a bell crank form of
lever 48 (see Fig. 1) carrying a bowl 49 in contact with a cam or tappet 50 fixed upon
the tappet shaft C, the said tappet and parts connected therewith being so timed and
regulated as to cause the finger or lever 17 to enter and withdraw from the slot
formed in the double cam 11 and 12 for the purpose of sliding the said double cam
within the shuttle box for operating the grippers as previously described. Instead of
the lever 17, operated as just described, we may employ a rod 51 (see Fig. 8) one end
of which is beut upwards and notched at its upper end. This rod 51 passes through
a slot in a bracket 52, and is cranked at that point where it passes through the said
slot, so that when the vertical rod 47 is made to descend, the bell crank lever 46 draws
the cranked rod 51 endwise, withdrawing the cranked part out of the slot in the
bracket 52, whereupon the flat spring 53 lifts the free end of the rod.51 upwards,
allowing it to enter the slot in the double cam 11 and 12, following which the endwise
movement of rod 51 moves the double cam within the shuttle for the purpose of
operating the grippers, as is the case with the short lever 17. The lever 17 and the
rod 51 are brought back by the close spiral spring L (see Fig. 1) acting upon the
lever 48.
Bobbins for supplying weft to the loom are placed at each side thereof, each end
of the said weft being conducted to an eyelet 54 (see Figs. 2, 4, 9, and 10) such
eyelet being fixed to the end of a link 55 connected to another link or arm 56, the
opposite end of which is attached to the upper end of lever 57 (shown also in
elevation behind bell crank levers 24 and 25 of Fig. 3, also shown in Fig. 5): this
lever 57 is of bell crank form and is connected to a vertical rod 58 (see Fig. 12)
being connected at its lower end to a bell crank lever 59 carrying a bowl 60 operated
by a cam 61 also fixed on the tappet shaft C, the operation of which causes the
evelet 54 to advance towards the warp during the time the instrument is passing
through the warp, the said eyelet 54 and parts connected therewith. arriving at the
position shown in full line at the left hand side of Fig. 2 before the instrument or
shuttle has become settled in the box at the opposite or right hand side of Fig. 2;
the said weft being kept at a required tension between the eyelet and the instrument
by means of a spring finger 62 (shown more clearly at Figs. 9 and 10) having an
enlargement or projection 63, which nips the weft against the bar 55, which tension is
maintained until the shoot of weft is beat up into the piece or fabric being woven,
when the weft is severed at one end and released from the gripper at the other end of
the shoot of weft. As soon as the weft is severed the weft guide and its evelet 54
return immediately to their former position; as shown by dotted lines at left hand
side of Fig. 2, this being effected by the action of the close spiral spring M attached
to the bracket and to the lever 59 (see Fig. 12) acting upon the lever 59.
Corresponding mechanism to that just described is placed at the opposite end of the

page_text: loom (as shown at Fig. 2) and it is employed for the purpose of holding the end of
the weft after being cut, ready to be nipped hold of by the grippers 13.
In order to cut or sever each shoot of weft sent across the loom so as to leave a
projecting end for the grippers 13 to seize hold of, we employ scissors or a cutting
instrument consisting of a blade e (Figs. 14 and 14) fixed to the breast beam E.
There is also jointed at f another blade g forced open by a flat spring h, the arrange-
ment being, that every time a shoot of weft i is sent across the loom and beaten up
by the reed j, such weft will come between the open blades of the scissors e and g,
and that simultaneously therewith a projection k, attached to the slay or going part
of the loom, will strike the lower arm of the scissors g so as to close the scissors, in
doing which the weft is cut or severed, and on the slay going back the spring / opens
the scissors ready to receive another shoot of weft, and this goes on as long as the
loom continues to weave.
•
Instead of severing the weft by the mechanism already described, it may be
severed by mechanism shown in Fig. 148, which comprises a pair of shears 120
The bottom ends of these shears are
and 121 having cutting edges 122 and 123.
attached to the three armed oscillating lever 124 by pius or studs 129 and carried by
the stud 126 fixed to the slay board which at a given time in its movement causes
the pin 128 on the said three armed lever to come into contact with the projection 125
fixed to the breast beam thereby rocking the three armed lever on its fulcrum 126, in
doing which the shear 122 is lowered and the shear 123 is raised, so as to sever the
The two shears 122 and 123 are kept together
weft thread, lying between them.
laterally by the stud 127 shown more clearly in Fig. 9, and they are brought
together into the position shown in Fig. 14³, by a spring acting on the three armed
lever 124.
So far the Specification and drawings have referred to a plain loom only, having a
bobbin of weft at each end thereof, of the same or a different colour, but it is now
our intention to show how our improved weft carrying instrument or shuttle can be
employed in connection with a loom containing a variety of wefts for the purpose of
weaving fancy goods, and for this purpose we employ a barrel 64 provided with
flanges 65 (see enlarged view Fig. 15) in which are a number of slots or openings 66,
through which pass bars or rods 67 carrying eyelets 68 with the accompanying
springs 62 with their projections 63 (shown and described with reference to
Figs. 2, 9, and 10) at one end thereof, and provided at their opposite ends with
recesses 69 (see Fig. 13). The rods 67 are employed instead of (but for the same
purpose as) the rod or link 55 previously described,i.c., for holding and guiding the
weft threads, which in this case may number two, three, four, five, or six, at each side
of the loom, according to the pattern or design to be woven on the cloth. Each weft
thread is drawn from its respective bobbin and passed through the eyelet on the
bar 67 corresponding to the bobbin containing said weft, so that each bar carries its
own individual weft throughout the weaving of the fabric.
In order that any one of said bars 67 may be presented in position for permitting
the end of weft which it is carrying to be nipped between the spring gripper 13 and
the back of the shuttle, a pinion 70 is mounted on the short shaft 71 carrying the
barrel 64, which said pinion gears into the teeth of the rack 72 (see Fig. 14) formed
at the upper end of the connecting rod 73 whose lower end is connected to one end of
the lever 74, working upon the stud 75 and having its opposite end attached to the
rod 76, the latter being connected to the bell crank lever 77 working upon the stud 78,
which is bolted to the framework 79, carrying the jacquard or dobby (shown in part
sectional elevation at Fig. 16, as seen from the left hand of Fig. 17, which is an end
view thereof). This shuttle-box-motion consists of the ordinary pegging cylinder 80,
peg lags 81, needles 82, reciprocatory cross-bars 83, double hooked blades 84 having
teeth formed on the upper sides thereof into which gear pinions 85 mounted on
shaft 86 carrying the eccentrics 87 which are connected to the racks 88 and 89. Into
these racks 88 and 89 gears the pinion 90 mounted on the stud 108 secured to the
lever 91 working upon the stud 110 which is secured to the lever 109 pivotted on the
stud or pin 92 secured in the framework 79. One end of a rod 111 is attached to

page_text: the stud 112 carried by the upper end of the lever 109, the opposite end being con-
nected to one of the eccentrics 87 which receives motion by means of pinion 85
when operated by the hooked rack 84 from the reciprocating cross-bars 83. The said
reciprocatory cross-bars 83 are operated by the lever 93 centred at 94 through the
medium of the connecting links 95, the lever 93 being operated by rod 96 from
tappets or cams on the low shaft C or crank shaft B of the loom in the same manner
as in the present and well known looms for weaving.
The presence or absence of pegs in the peg lags 81 when presented under the
lever 97 determines whether said lever shall be raised or allowed to remain in its
normal position, but if raised, the loose end thereof elevates the needle 82 and places
the blade 84 so that the look on its upper side shall engage with the upper recipro-
catory cross-bar 83 on its return movement, and be drawn endwise therewith, whereby
the pinion 85 will be rotated, by means of the eccentrics 87, racks 88 and 89, or
rod III, the lever 91 will be moved to the left or right so as to elevate or depress the
rod 76 which transmits the motion thus given through the lever 74 to the rod and
rack 72 thereon, thereby rotating the pinion 70 and shaft 71 and the barrel 64, and
presenting the rod holding and guiding the weft, which has been determined upon by
the peg lags, as described, opposite the shuttle box. The arrangement of the parts
for operating the barrel 64 is such that the said barrel may be rotated one sixth of a
revolution so as to present the next succeeding weft holder 67 and its guide 68 in
position for the grippers to seize hold of the weft it carries, or to rotate the said
barrel one third of a revolution or the extent of two bars 67 so as to present the next
bar but one in position, and this is accomplished as follows:-
The bar 111 and racks 88 and 89 are operated separately by their corresponding
eccentrics 87, hooked bars 84, needles 82, and peg levers 97, which are in triplicate,
one set only being seen in the Drawings. When the rod 111 is operated by the
eccentric 87 through the intermediate corresponding parts from the peg lags 81, it
moves the lever 109 upon the stud 92 as a fulcrum upon which it turns, and imparts
motion to the lever 91 (connected to lever 109 by stud 110) causing the said lever 91
'to turn upon the stud 108 as its fulcrum, and thereby giving, through the rod 113
and bell crank lever 77, a movement to the rod 76 sufficient to rotate the barrel 64
and its discs 65 one sixth of a revolution or far enough to bring the next succeeding
bar 67 into proper position for presenting the end of weft it carries to grippers:
and in like manner when the racks 88 or 89 are operated by their respective
eccentrics 87, the lever 91 is moved upon the stud 110 as its fulcrum, and through
the parts 113 and 77 gives a movement to the rod 76 sufficient to rotate the barrel 64
and its discs one third of a revolution or far enough to bring the next bar but one
into position for the grippers to seize hold of the weft it carries.
By having three sets of eccentrics 87. pinions 85, hooked rods 84, needles 82, and
peg levers 97, any of the bars or weft holders 67 may thus be brought into position
for presenting the ends of weft to the grippers in the shuttle or weft carrying
instrument in such order as may be pre-determined by the disposal of the pegs in the
peg lags 81 for the weaving of the desired pattern or figure on the cloth.
The bar or rod 67 with its eyelet 68 at the moment it is presented opposite the
shuttle box is in the proper position for the end of weft projecting through the
eyelet 68 to be seized between the back of the instrument and the near end of the
spring grippers 13 and gripped there between, when the said end of spring grippers 13
closes upon the back of the instrument as previously described, whereupon the weft
carrier or shuttle now having hold of the end of weft issuing from the eyelet 68 is
picked or sent across the loom, thus laying a shoot of weft across the warp; the
weft guiding bar or rod 67 with its eyelet 68 being instantly moved endwise towards
the warp by a modified arrangement to that shewn and described for effecting a like
purpose when weaving a plain fabric, such modification consisting of a bar 98
arranged to slide in a bracket 99 at the back of the slayboard I, one end of which said
bar is bent over onto the top of the slay board (see Fig. 12) and carries on its upper
side a nipple or projection 100, corresponding to, and arranged to enter into, the
recess 69 at the end of the bars 67. When the bar 67 is brought opposite the shuttle

page_text: box as shewn in Fig. 13, the recess 69 is over the nipple or projection 100 which
enters said recess so that when the bar 98 is slided endwise to the right by bell crank
form of lever 57, (which is arranged rather differently to that shewn in Figs. 4 and 5)
the bar 67 is likewise slided endwise, whereby the eyelet 68 at the end of said rod is
advanced as near to the outer threads of the warp as will allow a short end of the weft
to project from the eyelet and through the outer threads of warp after the weft has
been cut or severed by the scissors or knife. The bell crank form of lever 57 is
operated by cam 61 on tappet shaft C acting upon bowl 60 attached to lever 59 which
transmits motion by means of the connecting rod 58 to the lever 57 in the same
manner as set forth in the description of our improvements when applied to a loom
for weaving plain cloths; the bar 67 is brought back again by the close spiral
spring M acting on lever 59 as previously described.
In enlarged section Fig. 15 which is taken on line 9-10 of Fig. 13, the flanges
are more clearly shewn, as are also the slots 66, bars 67, and eyelets 68.
In order to stop the loom when the weft carrying instrument or shuttle does not
enter the box a, we adopt the same mechanism as is used in the present construction
of looms for the same purpose, such as mechanism being shewn at Fig. 19 where 101 is
the stop rod finger pivotted at 102 and carrying the finger 103 for engaging with the.
66 'frog 104.
Should the instrument fail to enter the box the stop rod finger 101
would assume the position shewn in Fig. 19, the extremity of finger 103 being
lowered so that on the forward movement of the slay, the finger 103 would strike
against the part 105 of the frog and force such frog towards the front of the loom,
causing the stud 106 to strike the bent rod 107 which moves the shipper bar and
transfers the strap from the fast to the loose pulley.
When the instrument enters the box, the stop rod finger is forced outward from
the slayboard so as to raise the finger 103 clear of the frog which would not therefore
be operated.
The stop rod finger 101 is also shewn in plan view Fig. 9 and section Fig. 11.
By employing a weft carrying instrument as herein described, we dispense with
the weft cop or bobbin now employed in shuttles, by reason of which the size of the
weft carrying instrument, especially the depth thereof is reduced, allowing the size
of the shed to be likewise reduced, with the result that the tension on the warp is
lessened, this being a feature of much importance in the working of the loom and the
goods produced, as will be well understood by those conversant with the trade; in
addition to the above, the sweep or movement of the going part can be lessened,
whilst the weft can be piecened up without stopping the loom, whereby a saving of
time is effected.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
Firstly. In a loom for weaving, the employment of a weft carrying instrument
such as K, provided with grippers such as 13 for automatically seizing the weft thread
and releasing its hold of the same for the purposes herein described and shown.
Secondly. In a loom for weaving, the employment of a weft carrying instrument
such as K, provided with grippers such as 13 for seizing weft thread and automatically
releasing its hold of the same, operated in the manner as described and shown in
Figs. 9 and 94.
Thirdly. In a loom for weaving the combination, with the slay, of a shuttle or weft
carrying instrument K provided with a stud 14 forming a fulcrum for the flat
spring 13, which, conjointly with the fingers 15 or back of the instrument K, form
grippers for seizing hold of and releasing the ends of weft, double cammed slide 11
and 12, moved endwise backwards and forwards for acting upon the grippers so as to
open and close them, as and for the purposes substantially as herein fully set forth.
Fourthly. In a loom, the combination with a shuttle or weft carrying instrument K
and grippers 13 for carrying shoots of weft from cops at the outside of the loom, across
the of a double cammed lever 11 and 12 for operating flat springs or grippers 13
warp,

page_text: to close upon the end of weft at one end of loom and simultaneously to release hold of
the weft laid across the warp, and the mechanism herein described with reference to
Figs. 3 and 8 for sliding the double cammed slide 11 and 12 laterally in instrument K
as and for the purposes substantially as herein described.
Fifthly. In looms, the combination, with the slay, of a shuttle or instrument K
minus the cop or bobbin of weft, spring grippers 13, double cammed slide 11 and 12,
box front a pivotted on stud b carried by bracket bolted to the slay I, a light spring d
always pressinglightly against swell m which presses box front a against the shuttle K
when in the box to give a straight movement to said shuttle when being picked
out of the box, strong spring e for acting on swell when latter is placed in position
to act upon box front a for forcing said box front against shuttle K on its entering
the box, the reciprocatory bar 333 for moving the spring e and swell into and out of
position, and the levers and rods for imparting reciprocatory motion to bar 33 as
timed and determined by eccentric 40 as and for the purpose substantially as herein
fully described.
Sixthly. In looms for weaving plain fabrics, the combination with the shuttle or
weft carrying instrument K, flat spring grippers 13, and double cammed slide 11
and 12, of the weft holders or guides 55, eyelets 54 and flat springs 62 secured to
weft holders 55, and provided with enlargements 63 for nipping the weft against the
bar 55 to maintain the tension of said weft as and for the purpose substantially as
herein described.
Seventhly. In looms, the combination, with the shuttle K, grippers 13, double
cammed slide 11 and 12, and hinged box front a. of the spindle or rod 19, provided
with collar 20, leather collar or cushion p, and lug 21 having a sneck thereon, the
said rod passing through a collar 32 fixed to the slay board I and having a spiral
spring 31 intermediate of the collar 20 and fixed collar 32, the catch 23 on end of
hinged rod 22 which engages with the sneck on lug 21 on the backward movement
of said rod 22 and draws the rod 19 and collar 20 away from the instrument K and
compresses the spring 31, bell crank form of lever 24 and 25, rod 26, lever 27, and
cam 30, for reciprocating hinged rod 22, the studs 41 and 44 carried by lever 42
and reciprocatory bar 33 for engaging with stud 41 on its endwise movement from
the box front a to move lever 42 on its fulcrum and elevate the stud 44, abutting
against the underside of hinged rod 22, so as to raise catch 23 clear of sneck on lug 21
and release the said lug and resistance to the spiral spring 31 whose immediate
expansion sends the collar 20 against the instrument K with sufficient force to send
the said instrument across the loom, substantially as herein fully described.
Eighthly. In looms for weaving fancy goods, the combination with the weft
carrying instrument K provided with grippers 13 and double cammed slide 11 and 12,
springs c, d, swells 1, m, reciprocatory bar 33, and the mechanism described for
picking the instrument K across the loom, of the barrel 64 mounted on short shaft 71
and provided with discs 65 having slots or openings 66 therein, weft holders or
guides 67 passing through and supported in the slots 66, and provided with eyelets 68,
flat springs 62 having enlargements 63 thereon, and recesses 69, the reciprocatory
bar 98 provided with the projection or nipple 100 for entering recesses 69, pinion 70,
rack 72, gearing into said pinion, connecting rod 73, lever 74 and rod 76 connected
to the lever 77 operated by the jacquard or dobby, according to the pattern to be
woven, and transmitting the extents of motion given thereto, to the barrel 64 and
discs 65 and rotating same one sixth or one third of a revolution to present the
selected weft thread to the grippers 13 as and for the purpose substantially as herein
fully described.
Ninthly. In looms for weaving fancy goods, the combination, with a shuttle or
instrument K for carrying shoots of weft across the warp without the presence of
a cop or bobbin of weft in said shuttle, of the mechanism consisting of the peg
lags 81, pegging levers 97, needles 82, reciprocating cross-bars 83, hooked
racks 84, pinions 85 gearing therewith, eccentrics 87, bar 111 and racks 88 and 89
connected with their corresponding eccentrics 87, pinion 90, levers 91 and 109 and
rod 113 connected to lever 77, for determining and operating the barrel 64 and

page_text: discs 65 to the extents required to present the weft, as predetermined by the disposal
of the pegs in the peg lags 81, next required in the weaving of the pattern on the
cloth, as and for the purpose substantially as herein fully described.
Tenthly. In looms for weaving plain or fancy goods, the combination, with a weft
carrying instrument K and mechanism for gripping the weft and sending or picking
the shuttle across the loom, and weft holders or guides provided with springs for
maintaining tension of weft and the mechanism for operating the same, of the blade e
fixed to the breast beam E, blade g pivotted at f to the blade e, flat spring h for forcing
the blade g away from blade e, and the projection k fixed to the slay I which engages
with lower extremity of blade 7 on the forward movement of the slay to beat up the
weft, and closes the blade g upon the blade e and severs the shoot of weft beaten up, as
and for the purposes substantially as herein fully described
Eleventhly. In a loom for weaving, having a weft carrying instrument such as K.
provided with grippers for seizing weft thread and automatically releasing its hold of
the same,
the combination therewith of instruments for severing the weft as described
and shown in Fig. 14B.
Dated this 10th day of July 1890.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
72, New Market Street, Bradford, Yorks, Agents.