IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH ELECTRO-TELEGRAPHIC SYSTEMS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Philip Middleton Justice of Southampton Buildings in
the County of Middlesex Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH ELECTRO-TELEGRAPHIC
SYSTEMS Communicated to him from abroad by Theodore Marshall Foote
of Brooklyn State of New York and Henry Churchill Goodspeed of Boston
Massachusetts both in the United States of America
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Philip Middleton Justice at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th January 1883.
PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of Southampton Buildings in the County of
Middlesex Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
CONNECTED WITH ELECTRO TELEGRAPHIC SYSTEMS A communication to me from
abroad by Theodore Marshall Foote of Brooklyn State of New York and Henry
Churchill Goodspeed of Boston Massachusetts both in the United States of
America
This Invention relates to a system of electro telegraphy which I prefer to
distinguish by the name of Foote's Telegraph System; to a form of perforated
fillet, and to an ink writer or recorder adapted to this system The first part of
the invention consists of a receiving instrument of construction hereinafter
described in which two pens are operated alternately, one by electrical impulse
over the line and the other by a local force whereby impulses of a single polarity
transmitted over the line are utilized, to make a record in dots and dashes on one
line while other dots and dashes, constituting the other part of the complete
record are made in the intervals between the impulses aforesaid This part
includes also an improved fillet adapted to be used in connection with the said
receiving or recording instrument The second part of the invention consists of
an improved perforator for punching the aforesaid fillet In automatic telegraphy
in which an ink record is made, and which has certain advantages over the
chemical system, not necessary to specify here it has been found necessary to use
Dains L

page_text: alternate impulses of opposite polarity to operate the inking devices and to
prevent tailing This requires at least one impulse for every recorded mark
The object is to causo impulses of a single polarity to operate one inking or
marking device, and at the same time to cause the recording instrument by means
of the breaks to record dots and dashes in another line upon the fillet, the two
lines, one caused by the current, and the other by the breaks, in the saine
instrument comprising a complete and intelligible record Thus the work of the
transmitting instrument is reduced and the speed of the apparatus doubled The
- general plan by which this result is accomplished includes a recording instrument
in which both inking devices are adapted to be brought alternately into contact
with the paper, one remaining in contact when not moved by an electrical impulse,
and the other brought into contact with the paper by said impulse which at the
same time moves the first out of contact It includes further a transmitting fillet
perforated in one line by a system of holes, in which system single holes or groups
of holes are arranged with interposed blank spaces between the holes or groups of
holes these blank spaces in the fillet being of such length as to cause the inking
device operated by the break or during the interval of the break to be composed
of lines of the same length as the lines caused by the impulses transmitted by the
holes or groups of holes In other words the record is made up for transmission
of a single line or row of holes in which a single hole transmits an impulse to form
a dot upon the fillet moving under the inking device at uniform and regulated
speed, in the receiving instrument; or a group of holes placed closely together
so as to transmit practically a continuous impulse, records in like manner a dash
corresponding in length to the length of the group while the spaces between said
holes or groups of holes cause breaks during which the receiving instrument is,
so to speak self recording, the short breaks, caused by the short spaces, forming on
the receiving fillet, dots, while the long breaks caused by the long spaces form
dashes corresponding in length to the length of the spaces This will be more
fully described hereinafter and is illustrated in the drawings In the accom-
panying drawings Figure 1 sheet 1 shows a side elevation of the receiving
instrument, Figure 2 same sheet shows a top view of the same with a part
broken away Figure 3 is an end elevation, Figure 4 sheet 2 is a top view
enlarged, Figures 5, 6 and 7 sheet 2 show details of construction Figure 8
sheet 3 is a horizontal section of Figure 1 Figures 9. 10 and 11 sheet 3 represent
details; Figure 12 sheet 4 shows a suitable form of transmitter Figure 13 sheet 4,
the fillet with its perforations and with the record in a line parallel therewith
each mark being made opposite the perforation or group of perforations and the
spaces by which they are caused Figure 14 sheet 4 is a modification Figure 15
sheet 5 is a diagram illustrating a method of working the system herein described
on a local circuit with a single set of magnets and springs Figure 16 sheet 5 is
a similar diagram showing the method of working the system on a local circuit
with two sets of recording magnets These figures all relate to the first part of the
invention The second part is illustrated on sheets 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 in which
Figure 17 sheet 6 represents a top view of the perforator Figures 18 and 19
of the same sheet represent details hercinafter explained Figure 20 sheet 7
represents an elevation of the right hand side aud Fig 21 same sheet, a like view
of the left hand side. Figure 22 sheet 8 represents a section on line x. x of Fig 17
sheet 6 Figure 23 sheet 8 is a rear view Figure 24 a detail of Fig 23; Figure 25
sheet 9 is a bottom view of the apparatus Figure 26 sheet 10 shows a horizontal
section of Fig 22 and Figure 27 sheet 10 represents details
'
'
In the drawings illustrating the first part of the invention A A represent any
suitable framework on which the working parts of the instrument are supported
A drum B adapted to be moved by a weight or spring is fixed on a shaft with
a main cogged drive wheel b and through a train of gearing c. d. e drives a shalt
having its bearings in the frame and carrying a wheel D on which the inking
roller F bears, and by which it is turned The inking roller is on a shaft ftho
ends of which are held in slotted arms g (Figs 1 and 10) and they are pressed

page_text: down by light springs 1 by means of which the roller is held in proper working
contact with its drive wheel D Upon the shaft of the wheel D is a cogged
wheel E which through a train of gearing h. i. k drives a fly K. A set screw 2
passed through a threaded hole in the frame may be brought to bear against the
wheel which forms one end of the fly, to stop the machine The devices above
described serve to move the inking roller, and to regulate the speed In order to
move the paper fillet, rollers L and M are provided The lower, L has a pinion.
upon its shaft, gearing into the pinion d and receiving motion therefrom Its
bearings are in the standards N. The roller M is in contact with L, the ends of
its shaft projecting into slots in the standards N as shown in Fig 1. It is pressed
down by means of springs 3, the tension of which is regulated by screws set
vertically into the ends of the standards above the springs as shown at 4 in Fig 2
The rollers are finely milled to take proper hold of the paper Mounted in the
same standards above pressure roller M is a shaft m upon which is a loose
slceve n.
This sleeve has nat one end a fixed collar p carrying a pin o projecting
parallel with the sleeve and near to it Near the other end of the sleeve is a
collar p loose thereon The collar is held to the sleeve by means of a set screw 6
and the sleeve is held to the shaft m by another set screw 7 passing through the
collar P. These devices guide the fillet to the pens and the construction described
permits lateral movement of the collars to adjust them to different widths of the
strip They may be turned upon the shaft m to bring the pin o into any position
suitable to properly hold the paper. The pens are carried upon arms q. q¹ pivoted
at 8. 8. They consist of wheels 9. 10 adapted to turn freely on said arms They
are shown more clearly in Fig 11 sheet 3 They have very slight vertical movement
between the roller M and the inking roller touching on each side of the central
peripheral line thereof slightly in the rear
They are operated by means of arins 11. 12 on a rock
set in said arms and projecting underneath the arms 9 9
in a bent bar fixed to the frame in a post Q at the end
arinature S set in a block 13 fixed to the rock shaft
shaft P by means of pins
This shaft is supported
It is provided with an
This armature when not acted upon by the magnet is drawn to one side by
means of a spring 14 which connects it to a thumb screw in the frame. A
teinporary magnet R is set in the frame to the core of which is fixed a metal
piece 15 projecting towards the free end of the armature S but leaving space for
the vibration of said arinature sufficient to give the shaft P the proper motion to
move the pens from the inking roller to the paper The force of the spring 14 is so
adjusted to that of the temporary magnet, that the magnet will overcome the
spring when under the full influence of the electrical current, but the spring will
overcome the magnet when said current is materially diminished The result of
this construction is that the pen 10 on the arm q' remains in contact with the
paper when the circuit in the line connected with the helix of the temporary
magnet is broken but will be removed from the paper when the circuit is closed,
the arm q' falling by gravity as soon as the supporting pin has dropped This
dropping of the pin which raises and supports the pen 10 occurs when the pen 9 is
lifted by the other pin and arm 11 or when the pen 9 is brought into contact with
the paper. But, upon the cessation of the current or when it is materially dimin-
ished in force the constant force of the spring returns the pen 10 to the paper, and
holds it thereon until the spring is again overcome by the force of the temporary
magnet due to the closing of the circuit Thus the pens may be made to touch
the paper alternately and may be held thereto for any length of time required;
the one which may be called the line pen being held in contact by the current
and the other which may be called the spring pen, being held in place by the
spring during the breaks in the current, and as the duration of the makes and
breaks may both be accurately determined, both pens are alike under accurate
control and both may be made to record dots and dashes of a determined length
Further as will now be apparent, the instrument is continually working as well
during the cessation of-the-current as during its continuance, the breaks forming

page_text: that part of the record contained in one line exactly as the makes form their
proper record in the other and the marks which go to make up the record are
practically double the number of impulses sent The transmitter is of very simple
and ordinary construction and is illustrated in the drawing Fig 12 in which S
is an ordinary contact drum in electrical connection with one pole of a battery T
the other pole of which is connected to the earth. The fillet U passes over this
drum and under the brush V which is in electrical connection with the line The
fillet U is shown in Fig 13 in which the method of perforation is fully illustrated
The first letter represented beginning upon the left is the letter T The first group
of perforations marked 1 produces along or spaco dash by means of the line pen
made opposite thereto Next follows a space marked 2 the length of which is
adapted to produce a single dash on the recording fillet by means of the spring pen,
which indicates the letter T. Following this is a group of four perforations so close
to each other that the current transmitted thereby is practically continuous This
brings again into action the line pon forming the dash shown opposite to said group
and representing the space between the letters After the group marked 4 is a
short space 5 interrupting the current long enough to permit the spring pen to
form the dash opposite thereto This is succeeded by a single perforation 6 causing
the line pen to make a dot in the other row a perforation repeated to complete the
four dots representing the letter H Then follows the blank space alternating with
the perforation and causing the spring pen again to alternate with the line pen
forming a space dash opposite tho 7; a perforation and short space marked 8
cause the pens to operate successively and formn two dots representing the letter I
Tho next spacing dash alternates with the last dot and is formed by a group of
perforations marked 9 After this group a short blank, a single perforation
followed by another short blank marked 10. causes the receiving instrument to
record threo dots representing the letter S This is sufficient to illustrate fully the
principle and mode of operation throughout the whole alphabet. A spring adapted
to work alternately with the temporary magnet and in a contrary direction
thereto is shown in the receiving instrument, but a weight. may be used for the
same purpose Instead of a weight, an additional temporary magnet may be used
as a local means for operating the spring pen without an impulse over the main
line as illustrated in Fig 14 In this figure R represents the temporary magnet
heretofore described and S the armature upon the rock shaft, R' represents another.
temporary magnet the helix of which is in the circuit of a local battery X The
pole of the magnet R' is located as shown so as to draw the armature S away from
that of R. and to apply the pen 10 to the paper, the force of the battery ✗ being
sufficient for that purpose But outside the helix of the magnet R in the circuit of
the local battery is another coil reversely wound and placed in the line A
resistance x is placed in the circuit of the local battery, and the apparatus is
so adjusted that the current from the line counterbalances the local battery and
demagnetizes the core of R' at the same instant that the core of R is rendered
magnetic When the line circuit is broken the local circuit which is always closed
resumes its action unchecked and instantly draws to itself the armature S and
during the break applys the pen 10 Tho action is in all respects the same as that
described in connection with the spring The diagrams 15 and 16 on sheet 5
illustrate the method of working the system on a local circuit In diagram 15 a
single set of recording magnets is shown at R" the armature of which a. is mounted
upon pivots and is to be moved one way by a spring in the same manner as shown
in the recording instrument above described The magnets are connected by a
line to armature of relay A' including a local battery B' The other end of the
helix of the recording magnet R" is connected by the line 7 as shown in the
figure by a screw to the platinum point c' though it may with the same result be
connected to the front point c" The magnet of the relay A' is included in the
lines de¹ the former of which is the line in, and the latter the line out, or to
earth according to the position of the station, whether terminal or intermediate
If the local circuit is connected to the back relay screw, then this circuit will be

page_text: closed when the line is open, and open when the line is closed If the connection
of the line be made with the front relay screw then the local circuit is closed
when the line is closed and open when the line is open In diagram 16 the relay
and the main connection are the same and indicated by the same letters, but
instead of the spring in the recorder, a second set of magnets R is used, one set
being connected to the relay screw of c' and the other to that of cll
The local battery B¹ is connected to both sets of recording magnets by
wires m¹ mll
It will be understood from an arrangement shown in diagram 16 that when the
main line is closed the front relay screw will complete the local circuit of the other
set of magnets when the line is closed Thus the armature of the recorder is
operated both on the opening and closing of the circuit of the main line. The
description of the perforator adapted to punch the fillet hereinbefore described and
required in the system is now proceeded with. It will be borne in mind that this
system requires that the fillet be perforated with a single row of holes the holes
being adapted to transmit impulses all of the same polarity a single perforation
being sufficient to form the dot, and two or more perforations a dash and the
spaces between the single perforations or groups of perforations causing at the
receiving end also dots and dashes similar to those caused by the perforations To
this end the first part of the invention consists principally in the general organi-
zation of the machine in which the main elements are three keys, a series of
punches in one line, a fillet moving mechanism, one of the three keys being in
connection with and operating at each alternate depression, a single punch and
after each depression advancing the fillet forward a single or dot space a second
koy operating at each alternato depression two punches, and after each depression
moving the fillet forward double the distance of the single or dot space; and a third
key connected with or adapted to operate four punches but operating them only
only when depressed next in order after that depression of either of the other keys
and which moves the fillet but does not punch said third key boing also connected to
the fillet moving mechanism in such a manner as to move the fillet four times thọ
distance of the single or dot space This organization is designed to make in
accordance with the requirement of the system above referred to perforations
adapted respectively to transmit impulses sufficient to cause a dot and short dash
indicating the parts of the integral perforations which represent letters and a longer
group of perforations adapted to transmit a continuous impulse forming a space
dash between letters or words on the receiving fillet At the same time the keys by
alternate depressions move the paper without punching, a distance adapted to causo
a break sufficient to make the dot and dash which constitute the integral
perforations representing letters, and also a space between letters and words; that
is to say one key operates for example by its first depression a single punch and
upon its return moves the strip forward a space sufficient to make a break in the
line, long enough to causo a dot at the receiving end. A second key operates two
punches making two holes in the fillet near enough to transmit an impulse adapted
to cause a short dash at the receiving end, and move the paper upon its return a
distance twice that of the key first named which space causes a break that records
a like dash The third key on its depression punches a group of four holes adapted
to transmit a continuous impulse recording along dash, and upon its return moves
forward the fillet a distance equal to four times that of the first key, which
quadrupled space forms a break recording a like elongated dash Further each of
the first and second keys while moving the fillet upon return from each depression
punch only alternately whether one key be depressed successively or two bo
depressed alternately, so that in the formation of the integral perforations or tho
groups of perforations representing letters, a dot perforation may be followed by a
dot blank, or by a dash blank, and a dash perforation may be followed by a dot
blank or a dash blank. Further if the third key perforating four holes be depressed
after either of the others, it punches if the key last moved has not punched; but
moves the fillet its proper distance without punching if the preceding key haş
"

page_text: punched. But if upon any depression, the four punch keys operate the punches,
upon another or repeated depression immediately succeeding the first, it continues
to punch, forming a continued line of close perforations adapted to transmit an
impulse to record a dash between sentences On the other hand if the four punch
key upon any depression moves the fillet without punching it continues so to do
upon immediately succeeding depressions forming thus an elongated blank to record
an elongated dash like that last specified This organization gives the machine all
the capacity required for the system heretofore referred to
Referring to Fig 17 sheet 6 the punches are shown at 1. 2. 3 and 4 They move
in blocks 5 and 6 and are all retracted by a spring. 7 which passes in front of pins
set in the punches and projecting downwards The strip of paper passes through a
guide 9 on the right hand side between the block 6 and a die 8 and thence around
behind the feed wheel 10 and forward between it and the pressure roller 11 The
punches are operated by means of pushers 12. 13 and 14; the pushers 12 being
moved independently by the first key marked A; pushers 13 by the second key
marked B and carrying with it the first pusher by means of a pin 15 set in the
pusher 13 and working in a slot 16 of pusher 12, said slot being shown in Figure 27
sheet 10 The pusher 14 has a head broad enough to meet the punches 3 and 4
It is moved by the key C and carries with it both of the other pushers by
means of the pin 15 before described, and the pin 17 set in pusher 14 and working
in a slot 18 shown in Figure 27 sheet 10. The slots 16 and 18 permit the pushers
to move independently upon their connecting pins or to be moved by them so that
they may be operated independently or together in the manner described. The
pushers are moved by arms 19. 20 and 21. They are shown in Figure 17 sheet 6
and in Figure 23 sheet 8. These arms stand vertically in the rear part of the
machine being pivoted upon a rod 22 The arm 19 is connected to a sleeve 23
fixed to the end of the lever of key A The arm 20 is fixed directly to the lever
of key B The arm 21 is fixed to a sleeve 24 which is attached to the lever of
key C, each forming with its key lever, a bell crank lever, and when its key is
decreased, is swung forward The pushers are attached to the upper ends of their
respective arms by means of broad leaded pins passing through slots 25 in the rear
ends of the pushers, these being necessary to permit the independent movement
aforesaid
The key levers are returned after depression by means of springs 26 as shown
in Fig 25 sheet 9 and in Figure 22 sheet 8. They bear upon pins set in the side of
the levers
The alternate vertical movement necessary to give alternate impulses to the
punches is directly effected by a bell crank lever D pivoted at 27 as shown in
Figures 17 and 22 It is pivoted upon an arm 28 on a standard set in the side of
the frame The horizontal end of it projects into the slot 29 of the pusher 12
The bell crank is rocked by means of a sinuous slot in a wheel E by means of a pin
set in the lower end of the vertical arm of the bell crank and projecting into the
said slot. The wheel E is fixed upon the shaft 30 having its bearings in standards
on the sides of the frame Motion is imparted to this shaft through ratchet
wheels 31, 32 fixed thereto The ratchet wheel 31 receives motion from a push
pawl 33 and is retained by a catch pawl 34
.
The pawl 33 is pivoted upon the arm 19 (Figs 22 and 23 sheet 8) There are as
many teeth in the ratchet wheel 31 as there are points in the sinuous slot of the
wheel E and the mechanism is so adjusted that when the arm is moved forward, it
turns the ratchet 31 so as to cause the periphery of the wheel E to move the
distance equal to the space between the centres of the opposite successive projections
of the sinuous slot, This by means of the bell crank lever alternately lifts and
depresses the pusher 12 and as the other pushers are connected by means of the
pins 15 and 17 they rise and fall at the same time The ratchet 31 however
communicates motion only from the key A. Motion from the key B which operates
pushers 12. 13 is communicated by means of a push pawl 35 pivoted upon arm 20
and operating upon ratchet 32 also fixed to the shaft 30. The ratchet 32 has the

page_text: same number of teeth as ratchet 31 and they are similarly set It will be observed
therefore that whether the pawl 33 be operated by the key A twice in succession or
whether it be operated once followed by depression of the key B and operation of
the pawl 35 the actiou upon the bell crank lever will be the same, that is to say,
it will upon the first movement move the pushers one way and upon the second
move them the other. The special office and action of the key C however requires
a different construction of the parts which operate the bell crank lever which lifts
the pushers. To accomplish the result required here that is to say, to cause the
key C to depress the pushers if moved next after either of the other keys has
raised them or raise them next after one of the other keys has depressed thein,
or to repeat, after successively depressed its operation or non operation upon the
pushers, a third and special form of pawl is provided It will be understood that
the wheel E is held by the various pawls heretofore described, in the position
in which the last pusher left it Upon the shaft 30. a sleeve 37 is placed
To this sleeve is fixed an arın 38 close to the ratchet 32, said arın carries a
pawl 39 on the free end of which is a transverse projection 40 engaging with tho
ratchet 32 in front of the point where the pawl 35 engages as shown in Figure 17
sheet G. The arm 38 extends to the rear and has a plane face as shown at 41 which
when the pawl is thrown backward by the spring 42 bears against the forward edge
of the armi 21 by which means when the key C is depressed and the arm 21
thereby thrown forward, it carries forward the arm 38 with it the pawl 39 the
latter moving the ratchet wheel 32 and thereby the wheel E one notch
oscillates the bell crank lever and raises or lowers the pushers according to tho
position of the lower end of the vertical part of said bell crank lever in the
sinuous or zigzag slot at the time when the movement last named commenced,
that is to say if the vertical arm were thrown to the left, and the pushers there-
fore down when said movement commences, movement caused by the arm 21 will
advance the wheel E one step and raise the pushers, but if the pushers were up at
the commencement of said movement, the movement would by like advancement
of the wheel E one step, throw them down But the pawl 39 is also provided
with a pin 43 (Figs 17. 20 and 22 sheets 6. 7 and 8) projecting laterally from its
free end in a direction opposite the projection 40 This pin when the pawl 39 is
thrown forward catches under a notch in a spring arm 44 by means of which it
is held, down in the catch notch of the ratchet 32 and thus prevented from
returning when the arm 21 goes back to its place on the rise of the key
This
Thus while the arm 38 and pawl 39 are in this position repeated movements of
the arın 21 do not operate the wheel to elevate or depress the pushers. In order to
release this pawl from its position it is only necessary to depress one of the other
keys and by the pawls 33 or 35 rotate the shaft 30 This causes the ratchet
wheel 32 to advance one step and the arm 40 to ride upon the tooth next behind
it which allows the spring 42 to draw the arm back A wheel 45 (Figs 17
and 20 sheets 6 and 7) is fixed on the sleeve 37 and against its periphery a spur
of the spring arm 44 rests holding said spring arm back ready for connection with
the pin 43 A notch shown in Figure 20 in the edge of the wheel 45 is brought
forward when the arm 38 advances, so as to allow the spur on the spring arm 44
to drop into it, and the end of the arm to come down upon the pin Light
springs 46 and 47 bear against the pawls 33. 35. and another spring 48 is placed
by the side of the arm 19 as shown in Fig 23 fixed at the lower end with the
upper end bearing against a pin in the rear end of the pusher 12 as shown in
Fig 17
By this spring the pusher 12 is retracted after working and with it the other
two through the pins 15 and 17 It is essential to the operation of the machine
that the movement of the fillet shall take place immediately upon the rise of the
keys To this end the depression of the keys is made to push back the pawl
which operates the paper moving roller 10, which pawl is operated directly by a
spring This mechanism is operated by the armis 19. 20 and 21 coming in contact
when their respective keys are depressed with the lever 49 shown in Fig 17 and

page_text: fully in Fig 26 sheet 10 This lever is pivoted at 50 and is thrown back by a
spring 51 upon the backward movement of the arms 19. 20 and 21 The lever 49
has a bent arm 52 which is connected by a link 53, to a lever 54 pivoted on the
shaft 55 of the wheel 10. Just above this lever 49 is a ratchet wheel 56 held to
the shaft by a set screw The lever 54 carries a pawl 57 engaging with the teeth
of the ratchet to rotate it The ratchet is held by a stop pawl 58. It will be
apparent from an inspection of Fig 10 of sheet 5 that the position of the arms
19. 20 and 21 are such as to give a varied amount of movement to the lever 49, the
amount increasing in the order specified for a given movement of the levers. The
amount of movement is precisely regulated by means of a stop block 59 shown in
Figs 20. 22 and 26 of sheets 7. 8 and 10 This block is provided with a notch, as shown
in Fig 20 above which is a plane face As the block stands when not depressed by
key B the notch is on line with the lever 49, but the block is connected to the lever of
key B. and when that key is depressed, the block is drawn, down so that the face
above the notch is opposed to the movement of the lever 49 and limits its movement.
When the key C is depressed the lever 49 enters the notch and thus has an enlarged
though still limited movement These movements give the amount of feed required
for the fillet by all the different perforations and spaces. In order that backward
movement of the lever 49 may be arrested long enough to allow the punches first
to be retracted from the paper, a bell crank lever 60 is provided pivoted at 61 and
having a hook upon its end engaging with teeth a. b. c on the end of the lever 49
The arm 62 of the bell crank lever is thrown forward by a spring 63 to bring the
lever into engagement with the teeth The lever is thrown out of engagement by
an arm 64 projecting up through a slot in the bed plate This arm is set in a block
attached to the shaft 65 on the under side of the machine Fig 25 sheet 9. The
shaft 65 is provided with a frame 66 (Figs 21 and 25 sheets 7 and 9) the frame
extending across under the key levers by means of which when any one of the
keys is depressed, frame 66 is rocked and the arm 64 is tipped forward allowing
the spring 63 to throw the lever into engagement with the teeth of lever 49 The
movement is sufficient to take the arm 64 quite away from the arin 62, and the
distance to which it is removed is such that upon its return when the keys rise, it
Ins to move a slight distance before acting upon the arm 62 to throw the bell
crank lever out of engagement with the lever 49 This gives sufficient time for
the retraction of the punches from the paper before the paper is fed forward. When
key A is depressed lever 60 hooks over the tooth c and the return of lever 49
moves the wheel 10 a space which is called the dot space, which is also sufficient
for a single perforation When key B is depressed, the engagement is with the
tooth b. and the retraction of the lever 49 moves the wheel 10 double this space
When key C is depressed, engagement is with the tooth a. and the movement of the
wheel 10 is four times this first space Pressure roller 11 on the arm 67 is made to
bear against the wheel 10 by means of a spring 68 The fillet passes through a
slot 69 at the front right hand corner of the machine being held down by a latch 70
Thence is passes in front of the punches behind the die 8 and around the roller 10,
between it and pressure roller 11. The gutter 72 in front of the machine conducts
away the discs of paper as they are punched The pressure roller is spread from
the driving roller by means of the cam 74 operated by means shown in Figure 19
sheet 6. The keys may be operated either by the direct application of the tingers,
or by small rubber faced strikers adapted to be held in the hands, or they may be
operated by a plunger moved by compressed air or by any other suitable and well
known mechanism The key C operating the four punches has been shown placed
at one side, but it may be placed in the middle equally as well without any material
alteration of the parts, if the machine be intended for those accustomed to that
arrangement of the keys
Having thus described the invention as communicated to me by my foreign
correspondents What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is
1st In a receiving instrument two pens supported on suitable levers adapted to
form a record-on the receiving fillet in two lines, a temporary magnet in the line

page_text: circuit, mechanism as described intermediate between the pen arms and the
armature of the temporary magnet whereby an electrical impulse over the line
operates the said intermediate mechanism to apply one pen to the fillet and
mechanism substantially as described connected to said intermediate mechanism
adapted to apply the other pen all substantially as specified
2nd In a receiving instrument two pens on suitable arms, a rock shaft having
arms adapted to operate on the pens alternately, an armature connected to said
rock shaft, a temporary magnet in the main line adapted to operate through said
armature on the rock shaft to apply one pen to the fillet, and a spring or weight
connected to the shaft and arranged to operate the other pen in the intervals between
the impulse all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3rd In a receiver of substantially the class described two pens arranged to form
a record in two lines, a rocking shaft provided with arms acting on the pen levers,
and an armature, a temporary magnet in the line circuit whereby the armature is
drawn to one side when the circuit is closed and one pen applied to the paper in
combination with devices substantially as described acting when the circuit is
broken to draw the armature in the opposite direction and apply the other pen,
substantially as described
4 A transmitting fillet adapted to transmit in accordance with the described
system, consisting of perforations and groups of perforations in one line said
perforations and groups of perforations being arranged in the fillet to transmit
impulses of greater or less duration to form dots and dashes and also consisting of
interposed spaces fitted to cause breaks of different lengths adapted to the formation
of dots and dashes on the receiving fillet, said transmitting fillet being combined
and operating in connection with the transmitting instrument substantially as
described
5th A perforator for telegraphic fillets having as its main elements a series of
punches in one line, a fillet moving mechanism operating upon the retraction of
the punches, a key lever, and an independent punch pusher and intermediate
mechanism between said pusher and the fillet mover whereby said key lever
punches upon each alternate depression only and moves the fillet on each depression
a dot space, a second key lever, and a second punch pushing device with inter-
mediate mechanism between said second key lever and the second pushing device
and the fillet mover whereby the second lever operates two punches upon each
alternate depression only and operates the fillet moving mechanism at each
depression twice a dot space; and a third key lever with a punch pushing device
and intermediate mechanism between said third lever and the punch pusher and
6llet mover whereby the said third key lever is made to alternate in punching with
either of the others but not alone, and to move the fillet with each depression four
times the dot space all substantially as described
6th In the described kind of perforator, a series of punches arranged in a single
line, punch pushers connected to each other and to the key levers so that one
pusher may be moved alone or with the second, or with the second and third in
combination with mechanism connected also to the key levers for throwing the
pushers into and out of line with the punches upon alternate depression of the
keys substantially as described.
7th In combination with the punches arranged in a single line, the pushers 12.13
and 14 connected by the pins 15 and 17 working in slots in the arms of the key
levers, an arm for alternately elevating and depressing the pushers and intermediate
mechanism between said arm and the key lever arms whereby the position of the
pushers is changed on each depression, substantially as described
8th In the described form of perforator, a series of punches in a single line, a
pusher 12, operated by the key A through lever and arm 19; a second pusher 13
connected to the pusher 12 and operated by key B through lever and arm 20; a
third pusher 14 connected to pusher 13 and moved by key C through lever and
arm 21 a guiding arin to shift the pushers into and out of line with the punches,
operated through a shaft 30, a pawl and ratchet connection with the key lever

page_text: arms, an arm 38 loose on shaft 30, carrying a pawl adapted to be moved by an
arm 21 of key C, in combination with a catch mechanism adapted to hold arm 38
in its advanced position until tripped by the depression of key A or B through the
described mechanism, all as set forth
9th In the described form of perforator and in combination, key levers pivoted
at their roar ends and having vertical arms 19 20 and 21, springs for returning the
key levers after depression, pushers operated by the arms, punches operated by tho
pushers a shaft provided with a wheel operating the lever which changus the
direction of the pushers, and pawl and ratchet mechanism, whereby the arms cause
the shaft to rotate step by step substantially as described
-
10th In the described perforator and in combination, the shaft 30, pawl and
ratchet mechanism connected therewith and with the arms of the key levers, the
wheel E having the zig zag groove, the bellcrank lever D and the pushers
substantially as described
11th In combination, in the perforator the shaft 30, wheel E bellcrank lever D
and pushers, ratchet wheels 31 and 32, pawls 33′ and 35, arms 19 and 20 pawl 39
on the arm 38 and catch mechanism all substantially as describod
12th In a perforator and in combination the described mechanism for moving the
fillet consisting substantially of the lever 49 set in front of the arms 19 20 and 21
having an arm and link connection with the pawl and ratchet, of the fillet moving
wheel and impelling spring a catch lever adapted to catch into a series of
notches a. b. c and a tripping lever 64 operated by any one of the keys, as
set forth
In Witness whereof I the said Philip Middleton Justice have hereunto sot
my hand and seal this sixteenth day of January in the year of Our Lord
one thousand eight hundred and eightythreo
Signed, scaled and delivered
in the presence of
ALLEN P JONES
53 Chancery Lano
London W.C.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE (L.S.)