IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ORNAMENTAL WORK IN GLASS COMBINED OR NOT WITH METALS, PORCELAIN, AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Stephen Tuddenham and Alexander Robert Eyre,
.
of Lower Marsh, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey,' for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ORNAMENTAL WORK
IN GLASS COMBINED OR NOT WITH METALS, PORCELAIN, AND OTHER LIKE
SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 5th May 1871, and dated the 11th November 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Stephen Tuddenham
and Alexander Robert Eyre at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 11th November 1870.
We, STEPHEN TUDDENHAM and ALEXANDER ROBERT EYRE, of Lower
Marsh, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature
of our said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ORNA-
MENTAL WORK IN GLASS COMBINED OR NOT WITH METALS, PORCELAIN, AND OTHER
LIKE SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
:―
This Invention relates to the production of ornamental work by
twisting, either singly or in groups, rods of glass which have been pre-
viously prepared of such a section or formed with such devices as shall
be subservient to the ornamental design intended to be produced by

page_text: the twisting of such rod or rods of glass. The twisting is to be effected
whilst the glass is in a heated or soft state, and may be accomplished
by various arrangements of machinery, in which a revolving chuck and
a stationary holder or headstock are comprised, but in all cases it will be
necessary to provide a trough or support for holding or supporting the
soft glass rod or rods during the operation of twisting. The rod or rods
may be twisted cither from one end, whilst the other is held stationary,
or they may be twisted from both ends simultaneously in the same or
opposite directions whilst the centre portion of the length of rods is
held stationary or not as found desirable. When tubular ornamental
twisted glass rods are required suitable, for example, as gas brackets or
arms, the rods should in the first instance be cast hollow and of a
section subservient to the ornamental design to be produced by the
subsequent operation of twisting. In preparing the glass rods to be
twisted they should have one or more longitudinal ribs or projections
formed along them of an angular or curvilinear cross section, so that
when twisted these longitudinal ribs or projections will form raised
spiral fillets of different sections, thereby producing various highly orna-
mental effects. Ornamental knobs, bosses, or socket pins composed
either of glass, porcelain, or metal, may be secured either on to the
specially prepared twisted glass rods, or on to glass rods of any section
(capable of forming a spiral when twisted) at the time of twisting by
simply passing such knobs or bosses on to the rods before the twist is put
into them, the opening through the said knobs or bosses being of a
contour to correspond to the section of the glass rod before twisting.
Ornamental glass produced in the manner above described may be
applied to the construction of gasaliers, chandeliers, lustres, pendents,
stems for vases, cups, and epergnes, and glass ornaments generally for
the table. Also to legs or other portions of furniture susceptible of
such a method of ornamentation.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Stephen Tuddenham and Alexander Robert Eyre
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th May 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, STEPHEN
TUDDENHAM and ALEXANDER ROBERT EYRE, of Lower Marsh, Lambeth,
in the County of Surrey, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Stephen Tuddenham and Alexander Robert
Eyre, Her special license, that we, the said Stephen Tuddenham and
Alexander Robert Eyre, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or:
such others as we, the said Stephen Tuddenham and Alexander Robert
time.
Eyre, our executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there--
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, excrcise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-.
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ORNAMENTAL WORK IN GLASS.
OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES,”.
OB NOT WITH METALS, PORCELAIN, AND
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Stephen Tuddeu-
ham and Alexander Robert Eyre, our executors or administrators, by,
an instrument in writing under our hand and scal, or under the hand-
and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be,
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office:
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
COMBINED
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Stepheu Tuddenham and Alex-
ander Robert Eyre, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is
to say:
Our said Invention relates to the production of ornamental work by
twisting, either singly or in groups, rods of glass, which have been
previously prepared of such a section or formed with such devices as
shall be subservient to the ornamental design intended to be produced
by the twisting of such rod or rods of glass. The twisting is to be
effected whilst the glass is in a heated or soft state, and may be accom-.
plished by various arrangements of machinery in which a revolving.
chuck and a stationary holder or headstock are comprised.
As examples of machinery suitable for the carrying out of our said.
Invention we may refer to the twisting machines described in the
:

page_text: Specifications of Letters Patent granted to Stephen Tuddenham, and
bearing date severally the Fourteenth of June One thousand eight hun-
dred and sixty-seven, No. 1739, the Sixteenth of July One thousand
eight hundred and seventy, No. 2016. But in all cases it will be neces-
sary to provide in addition to such machines a trough or support for
holding or supporting the soft glass rod or rods during the operation
of twisting. The rod or rods may be twisted either from one end,
whilst the other is held stationary, or they may be twisted from both
ends simultaneously in the same or opposite directions, whilst the centre
portion of the length of rods is held stationary or not as found desirable.
When tubular ornamental twisted glass rods are required suitable, for
example, as gas brackets or arms, the rods should in the first instance
be cast or pressed hollow and of a section subservient to the ornamental
design to be produced by the subsequent operation of twisting. In
preparing the glass rods to be twisted they should have one or more
longitudinal ribs or projections formed along them, of an angular or
curvilinear cross section, so that when twisted these longitudinal ribs or
projections will form raised spiral fillets of different sections, thereby
producing various highly ornamental effects. Ornamental knobs, bosses,
or socket pieces, composed either of glass, porcelain, or metal, may be
secured either on to the specially prepared twisted glass rods, or on to
glass rods of any section (capable of forming a spiral when twisted),
at the time of twisting by simply passing such knobs or bosses on to
the heated rods before the twist is put into them, the opening through
the said knobs or bosses being of a contour to correspond to the section
of the glass rod before twisting.
Ornamental glass produced in the manner above described may be
applied to the construction of gasaliers, chandeliers, lustres, pendents,
stems for vases, cups and epergnes, and glass ornaments generally for
the table. Also to legs or other portions of furniture susceptible of such
a method of ornamentation.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of
our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may
be used or carried into effect, we would observe in conclusion that
what we consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the
Invention secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent is,-
'
First. The production of ornamental twisted work in glass by twisting

page_text: either singly or in groups, prepared and heated bars or rods of glass of
a section subservient to the particular twisted design intended to be
produced, substantially as herein-before described.
Second. The securing of ornamental knobs, bosses, or socket pieces on
to glass rods capable of forming a spiral when twisted by the mere
twisting of the said rods, substantially as herein-before described.
Third. The application and use to and for the purposes herein named,
or to other like purposes of ornamental twisted glass of the description
and character herein-before described in conjunction or not with orna-
mental knobs, bosses, or socket pieces.
In witness whereof, I, the said Stephen Tuddenham, on behalf of
myself and of the said Alexander Robert Eyre, have to this my
. Specification set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of May, One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
STEPHEN TUDDENHAM. (L.S.)