Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 13th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 17th Dec., 1892
Figure 3 a plan
Figure 4 represents a device for automatically lubricating the shaft.
Our apparatus comprises in principle several electric thermostats a a of any
desired construction which are arranged either in the bearings A or upon the
shaft B itself. These thermostats are adjusted to definite temperatures and con-
pected each to two commutators placed upon the shaft B from which they are
insulated, from these commutators the current is taken by means of metallic
brushes cc in the same manner as in a dynamo electric machine. The whole device
is connected by wires to a board or table corresponding to the range of each
thermostat in order to indicate exactly the gradual heating of the shaft.
The thermostat which we preferably employ for indicating the temperature of
the shaft consists of strips or discs of copper, zinc or silver, fixed at their
extremities upon a frame of cast-iron or other suitable substance and forming a
slight curve.
The current is taken in the middle. An adjusting screw placed upon the box or
cast metal opposite the centre of the plate enables the apparatus to be adjusted to
any desired degree.
We arrange the whole so that the strip shall receive the heat directly from the
shaft and shall at the same time be protected against exterior cooling, as shown in
Figures 1 to 3.
We may with this arrangement of the thermostats also provide for the oil
coming from a reservoir at any desired movement, as shown in Figure 4.
Suppose the temperature of the shaft rises at any given moment. Electric
communication will be established through the medium of the thermostat and the
current passing through an electromagnet d attracts the armature e upon which 15
fixed a lever pivoted at g. This lever carries at its extremity a rod h the lower
part of which is pointed and forms a valve for the outflow of oil from a reservoir i.
CP 877

page_text: This valve is lifted by reason of the attraction of the armature e, and the oil flows
out through the tube k in order to be distributed upon the over-heated shaft.
Dated this 18th day of December 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.
.COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Indicating and
Preventing the Over-heating of Shafts in their Bearings.
We, CILARLES DION, of 7 Rue de l'Arcade, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Engineer, and ALEXANDER BREBNER, of Edinburgh, N.B. Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
Our invention relates to apparatus for drawing the attention of the attendant to
the over-heating of shafts.
The importance of our invention will be understood when considering the great
number of accidents which occur at sea due to the excessive friction of the driving
shaft and the consequent damage sustained as the injury thus caused cannot be
repaired while at sea the vessel is exposed to great danger.
By our improved apparatus the liability of the bearings to become over-heated
will be entirely obviated. The attendant or engineer being warned of any rise of
temperature of the shaft.
In order to render the nature of our invention better understood we have
represented apparatus constructed according to the same in the drawing left with
our Provisional Specification in which—
Figure 1 is a side elevation,
Figure 2 is an end view showing the shaft in section
Figure 3 is a plan of the saine, and
Figure 4 represents a device for automatically lubricating the shaft.
Our apparatus comprises in principle several electric thermostats a a of any
desired construction, which are arranged either in the bearings A or upon the
shaft B itself. These thermostats are adjusted to definite temperatures and in the
case of the thermostats on the shaft the said thermostats are each connected to two
commutators b, placed upon the shaft B. From these commutators the current
is taken by means of metallic brushes c, c¹ in the same manner as in a dynamo
electric machine. The whole of the thermostats or brushes are connected by wires
to an indicator to indicate exactly the gradual heating of the shaft.
The thermostat which we preferably employ for indicating the temperature of
the shaft consists of strips or discs of copper, zinc or silver a¹, fixed at their
extremities upon a frame of cast iron or other suitable substance and forming a
slight curve.
An adjusting screw a² placed upon the box of cast metal opposite the centre of
the plate enables the apparatus to be adjusted to any desired degree.
We arrange the whole so that the strip shall receive the heat directly from the
shaft and shall at the same time be protected against exterior cooling, as shown in
Figures 1 to 3.
When at rest or when the shaft is cool, the electric circuit is open, it is closed
only when the heat of the shaft expands the curved strip a¹ of the thermostat.
In fact as the chord of the curvature of this strip always remains constant
the expansion of the strip operates to increase the height or what is known as
the sagitter of the arc. As the latter augments the said strip finally touches the
contact screw a' and the circuit is thus closed.
To obtain this result the driving shaft and also that part of the thermostat a

page_text: which carries the strip is insulated from the contact screw a' for example, or in
other words the contact screw a² may pass through an insulating bush in the said
thermostat. The said strip is in connection with one of the poles of the battery
through the part a terminal a wire a' collar band commutator brush c whilst the
screw is in connection with the other pole through the insulated terminal a wire a*
collar 6 brush c¹ and the indicator ..
To enable the thermostat to turn with the shaft while closing the circuit of the
battery the two collars bare keyed upon the driving shaft and insulated
therefrom. One of these collars may however be connected directly to the shaft
as for instance the collar b in which case the current will pass through the shaft
instead of through the wire a.
The indicator x included in the circuit and placed in the room of the engine
attendant indicates when the circuit is closed, that is to say, when the driving
shaft has reached the temperature to which the thermostat has been adjusted.
Several thermostats are arranged upon the shaft and upon the bearings, and if it
be supposed that they have been adjusted, one for closing a circuit for example at
30 degrees centigrade and the other at 35 degrees, another at 40 degrees and so
on, the attendant will always know within a small range from the tablet or
indicator the temperature of the driving shaft.
We may with this arrangement of the thermostats also provide for the oil
coming from a reservoir at any desired moment, as shown in Figure 4.
Suppose the temperature of the shaft rises at any given moment. Electric
communication will be established through the medium of the thermostat and the
current passing through an electro-magnet d attracts the armature e upon which is
fixed a lever pivoted at 9. This lever carries at its extremity a rod h the lower
part of which is pointed and forms a valve for the outflow of oil from a reservoir i.
This valve is lifted by reason of the attraction of the armature e, and the oil
flows out through the tube k in order to be distributed upon the over-heated
shaft.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is;--
First The improved apparatus for indicating the heating of driving shafts,
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawing.
Second-The combination of the above described apparatus with a device
enabling a certain quantity of oil to be automatically distributed upon the driving
shaft at the desired moment, the whole substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to the drawing and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 13th day of October 1892.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.