Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Veneers, and to Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 13th June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 13th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 12th May,
1894
Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Veneers, and to
Apparatus therefor.
I, GUSTAV ADOLPH ONCKEN, of No. 167 Kurfürstenstrasse Berlin, in the
Empire of Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of veneers provided with back
linings of paper, canvas or the like for wainscotting cabinet-making and similar
purposes.
In manufacturing lined veneers for wainscotting and similar purposes according
to this invention, a very thin continuous strip or band of wood is cut, or pared off
as it were, from a rotating block, by means of a knife or cutter arranged parallel
to its axis, a continuous band of paper or fabric, of a width at least equal to that of
the block of wood and fed from a roll, being previously pasted on to the surface
of the said block; so that, as the wooden strip or veneer is cut, it is at the same
time provided with a stiffening lining or support, pasted to what will eventually
constitute its back surface; whereby the cracking or breaking of the thin and
fragile veneer band-which would otherwise be practically unfit for subsequent
manipulation, is avoided in rolling it up for further use.
In carrying out this process it is proposed to employ an improved machine which
will be hereinafter described.
The block of wood is rotated in the well known manner by means of spindles
supported in suitable bearings in the frame and provided with clutches; motion
being imparted to these spindles from the main shaft, through the medium of
chain-wheels and endless chains. From the said main shaft, through the medium
of other chain wheels and an endless chain, is driven a second shaft supported by
the frame arranged parallel to the main shaft, the central portion of which second
shaft carries a worm engaging with the worm wheel, in which a nut is formed,
which is capable of rotary motion in the frame but cannot move axially. The
screw spindle passing through this nut is similarly connected with the knife-carrier
or cutter-head which, being guided in slideways of the frame is evenly and
uniformly moved in rotation to the revolving block. As the cutter-head rises to
an extent corresponding to the thickness of the leaf of wood pared off by its cutter
on the lower side of the block, so also the trough or paste-receptacle guided by
uprights of the frame descends proportionately by its own weight, the said receptacle
being carried by bands or cords which pass over rollers provided in the machine
frame, and have their lower ends secured to arms of the cutter-head. The
adhesive material or paste, oozing through the bottom of the paste reservoir_or
trough which bottom may be perforated, like a sieve or strainer, or consist of a
layer of filtering material such as felt-is spread over the surface and rubbed into
the pores, of the revolving wood block by means of a roller-shaped brush the
speed of motion of which is arranged to diminish in proportion as the diameter
of the said block is reduced by the tool. The means employed for thus varying
the motion consists of a friction roller of india-rubber or similar material, which,
by its own weight, is maintained in contact with the periphery of the block of
wood, and which is supported by arms loosely passed on the shaft of the revolving
brush and adapted to transmit the rotary motion it receives to the said brush,
through the medium of chain-pulleys and endless chain. The shaft of the brush
rests in arms or brackets attached to the sides of the trough and inasmuch as the
carrier arms supporting the shaft of the friction-roller are pivoted loosely, as

page_text: stated, the said friction-roller is thereby enabled constantly to remain in contact
with the circumference of the block notwithstanding the gradual decrease of the
diameter of the same, and thus to transmit the motion of such block in the manner
above set forth.
Upon the periphery of the block, coated with paste-in the present instance
about half-way between the cutter and brush-a band of paper, canvas or the
like supplied from a roll is arranged to take up its position; the said roll being
supported in arms or bearings with which the frame is fitted for the purpose. It
will be understood that, when the cutting or paring operation commences, the
free end of the paper or canvas-band must be pressed against the surface of the
rotating block, covered with adhesive material; this being done either by hand or
by means of a special roller, so that perfect adhesion in the first instance is
ensured. As, however, the rotation of the block continues the paper or fabric no
longer requires the assistance of the hand or any auxiliary device for feeding it to
the wood block as the latter, in revolving, carries it round with it of its own
accord, and owing to the resistance which the paper or other material offers to
the rotation of the block-tightly stretches it and makes it closely adhere to its
periphery.
It has been ascertained by experiment that wood blocks may, by the means
herein described, be cut up into a continuous band or leaf not exceeding 35 of a
millimetre in thickness, which may be used, as a veneer, for covering furniture,
walls or the like.
Dated this 13th day of June 1893
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Veneers, and to
Apparatus therefor.
1, GUSTAV ADOLPH ONCKEN, of No. 94 Eppendorfer Landstrasse Hamburg,
late of No. 167 Kurfürstenstrasse Berlin, W. in the Empire of Germany, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to the manufacture of veneers provided with back
linings of paper, canvas or the like for wainscotting, cabinet-making and similar
purposes.
In manufacturing lined veneers for wainscotting and similar purposes according
to this invention, a very thin continuous strip or band of wood is cut, or pared off
as it were, from a rotating block, by means of a knife or cutter arranged parallel
to the axis of the latter, after a continuous band of paper or fabric or small strips
of same, fed from a roll, has or have been previously pasted on to the surface of
the said block, so that, as the wooden strip or veneer is cut, it is at the same time
provided with a stiffening lining or support, pasted to what will eventually
constitute its back surface; whereby the cracking or breaking of the thin and fragile
veneer band which would otherwise be practically unfit for subsequent manipulation
in rolling it up for further use is avoided. In carrying out this process it is
proposed to employ an improved machine the construction, arrangement and
operation of which will be best understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which-
Figure 1 is a front view, and
Figure 2 a sectional side elevation of the machine.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throwabout the co

page_text: The block of wood is rotated in the well known manner by means of spindles &
supported in suitable bearings in the frame c and provided with clutches; motion
being imparted to these spindles from the main shaft g through the medium of
chain-wheels de and endless chains f. From the same shaft, through the medium
of chain-wheels hi and an endless chain k is driven a second shaft l, supported by
the frame and parallel to g; the central portion of which shaft / carries a worm
engaging with the worm-wheel m¹ the nave m of which being provided with a
female thread, so that a nut is formed which is capable of rotary motion in the
frame c, but cannot move axially. The screw-spindle n passing through this nut
is similarly connected with the knife-carrier or cutter-head o which, being guided
in the vertical slide-ways c¹ of the frame c, is evenly and uniformly moved toward
the revolving block a. As the cutter-head rises to an extent corresponding to the
thickness of the leaf of wood pared off by its cutter o¹, on the lower side of the
block a, so also the trough or paste-receptacle p, guided by the uprights c² of
the frame, descends proportionately by its own weight; the said receptacle being
carried by bands or cords r, which pass over rollers 2, provided in the machine
The
frame, and have their lower ends secured to the arms of of the cutter-head o.
adhesive material or paste, oozing through the bottom p¹ of the paste-reservoir or
trough p which bottom may be perforated, like a sieve or strainer, or consist of a
layer of filtering material such as felt spread over the surface and rubbed into the
pores, of the revolving wood block a, by means of a roller-shaped brush s, the speed
of motion of which is arranged to diminish. in proportion as the diameter of the
said block a is reduced by the cutter. The means employed for thus varying the
motion consists of a friction roller u, of india-rubber or similar material, which, by
its own weight, is maintained in contact with the periphery of the block of wood,
and which is supported by arms loosely passed on the shaft of the revolving
brush s, and adapted to transmit the rotary motion it receives to the said brush,
through the medium of pulleys v v and endless chain or belt v¹. The shafts of
the brush rests in arms or brackets p' attached to the sides of the trough p; and
inasmuch as the carrier arms t supporting the shaft of the friction-roller are pivoted
loosely, as stated, the said friction-roller is thereby enabled constantly to remain in
contact with the block a, notwithstanding the gradual decrease of the diameter of
the same, and thus to transmit the motion of such block in the manner above set
forth.
Upon the periphery of the block, coated with paste in the present instance about
halfway between the cutter o' and brush s a band of paper, canvas or the like w
supplied from a roll w', is arranged to take up its position the said roll 20' being
supported in arms or bearings with which the frame c is fitted for the purpose.
It will be understood that, when the cutting or paring operation commences, the
free end of the paper or canvas band must be pressed against the surface of the
rotating block a, covered with adhesive material; this being done either by hand
or by means of a special roller, so that perfect adhesion on commencing the cutting
operation is insured. As, however, the rotation of the block continues the paper
or fabric no longer requires the assistance of the hand or, any auxiliary device for
feeding it to the wood block a, as the latter in revolving, carries the paper or
fabric round with it of its own accord, and owing to the resistance which the paper
or other material offers to the rotation of the block tightly stretches it and makes
it closely adhesive to its periphery.
As already remarked, instead of a single-band of paper or fabric small strips
of same, fed from the roll wl, may be pasted in spaces from each other on to the
surface of the block a, and thus the cut band of wood may be covered only partially
with paper, fabric or the like. This mode is preferred in the case when extremely
homogeneous structure is used, for instance black walnut, and in this case narrow
strips covering the veneer partially will suffice to support the thin wooden strip or
veneer and render the same capable for subsequent inanipulations.
It has been ascertained by experiment that wood blocks may, by the means
herein described, be cut up into a continuous band or leaf not exceeding

page_text: one-thirtieth of a millimetre in thickness, which may be used, as a veneer for
covering furniture, walls or the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. A process of manufacturing veneers with back-linings or supports for wains
cotting, cabinet-making or similar purposes, which consists in cutting or paring off
a thin continuous strip or veneer from a revolving wood block, to the surface of
which block a continuous band of paper or fabric or a plurality of narrow bands
at a certain distance from each other is previously pasted so that the veneer, as
it forms, is directly stiffened by the lining of paper, canvas or the like pasted to its
back surface, substantially as described.
2. In a machine for the manufacture of veneers with back-linings or supports
for wainscotting, cabinet-making or similar purposes the combination with the
supporting centres for the revolving wood block a of a vertically guided
receptacle p having a sieve-bottom pl and being filled with adhesive material or
paste and connected to the cutter-carrier o by means of straps or bands r passing
over guide-rollers g, substantially as and for the purpose as specified.
3. In a machine for the manufacture of veneers with back-linings, for wainscotting,
cabinet-making or similar purposes the combination with supporting centres for
the revolving wood block a of a vertically guided receptacle p having a sieve
bottom p² and being filled with adhesive material or paste and connected to the
cutter-carrier o by means of straps or bands passing over guide rollers g, of a
revolving brush s adapted to evenly spread the oozing paste upon the wood block,
and of a movably suspended friction roller u resting upon and against the latter
and being capable to impart the motion of the revolving wood block to the said
brush s, all substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 13th day of March 1894
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.