IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF " IRON FOR THE REMOVAL THEREFROM OF PHOSPHORUS, SULPHUR, AND OTHER METALLOIDES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF
"
IRON FOR THE REMOVAL THEREFROM OF PHOSPHORUS, SULPHUR, AND OTHER
METALLOIDES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR." A communication from
abroad by Count Ch. de Montblanc and Lucien Gaulard, both of Paris,
France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th October 1881.
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
"IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF ION FOR THE REMOVAL THEREFROM OF
PHOSPHORUS, SULPHUR, AND OTHER METALLOIDES, AND IN APPARTUS THEREFOR."
A communication from abroad by Count Ch. de Montblanc and Lucien Gaulard,
both of Paris, France.
This Invention which has for its object to eliminate the phosphorus, the sulphur,
and other metalloides contained in iron is based on the following principles or
facts:-
:-
1. That of all bodies which have an affinity for metalloides hydrogen in a state
of formation has the greatest.
2. That melted iron at a red-heat decomposes water into hydrogen and oxygen,
which latter combines with or fixes itself on the iron.
3. That at red heat the iron has the power of occlusion as regards the hydrogen.
From the above it follows that if water steam be introduced along with the air
by the twyers into a furnace the said steam will be decomposed by the iron, and
the hydrogen produced as a result of this decomposition will combine with the
metalloides contained in the iron forming phosphide of hydrogen, sulphide of
hydrogen, and so on, which boil off in the exit.
But in practice the absorption of heat units by the decomposition of the water
has an influence upon the condition or working of the furnace and compromises
Price fi 1

page_text: the reaction. In order to overcome this inconvenience the following method is
made use of, viz., while the steam is permitted to absorb vesicularily a certain
portion of hydrocarburet the heat units are restored in the moment of their
absorption by the decomposition of the water. For this purpose the following
apparatus may be employed:-
1
This apparatus consists of a hermetically closed reservoir arranged in or with
a double bottom or enclosing jacket, into which latter steam can be admitted by
means of a cock for the purpose of heating the hydrocarburet contained in the
reservoir or inner or upper portion of the apparatus. The upper part of the
reservoir has deflector diaphragms or equivalent baffling appliances, and there is a
steam pipe descending to the bottom of the reservoir so that the steam issuing
therefrom and ascending through the hydrocarburet is baffled and thoroughly
intermingled therewith, the steam in the false bottom or jacket imparting heat
thereto at the same time. By suitable arrangement of pipes and cocks steam may
besides be admitted directly into the efflux from the reservoir in case the steam
should be overcharged with hydrocarburet. A pressure gauge indicates the pressure
in the reservoir.
According to this Invention the water steam saturated with hydrocarburet is
employed for the elimination of the metalloides contained in iron.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th April
1882.
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex. “IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF IRON FOR THE REMOVAL THEREFROM OF
PHOSPHORUS, SULPHUR, AND OTHER METALLOIDES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
(A communication from Count Ch. de Montblanc and Lucien Gaulard, both of
Paris, France.)
This Invention which has for its object to eliminate the phosphorus, the sulphur,
and other metalloides contained in iron is based on the following principles or
facts:-
1. That of all bodies which have an affinity for metalloides bydrogen in a state
of formation has the greatest.
2. That melted iron at a red heat decomposes water into hydrogen and oxygen,
which latter combines with or fixes itself on the iron.
3. That at red heat the iron has the power of occlusion as regards the hydrogen.
From the above it follows that if water steam be introduced along with the air
by the twyers into a furnace the said steam will be decomposed by the iron, and
the hydrogen produced as a result of this decomposition will combine with the
metalloides contained in the iron forming phosphide of hydrogen, sulphide of
hydrogen, and so on which boil off in the exit.
But in practice the absorption of heat units by the decomposition of the water
has an influence upon the condition or working of the furnace and compromises
the reaction. In order to overcome this inconvenience the following method is
made use of, videlicet, while the steam is permitted to absorb vesicularly a certain
portion of hydro-carburet the heat units are restored in the moment of their
absorption by the decomposition of the water. It is found in practice that steam
of about 260 degrees F. is suitable; also that heavy coal oil or the residue from the
distillation of petroleum are applicable for the purpose of this Invention; in fact
such hydrocarburets as are volatile at a temperature of about 320 degrees F. The
following apparatus may be employed :-
This apparatus consists of an hermetically closed reservoir arranged in or with a
double bottom or enclosing jacket, into which latter steam can be admitted by
means of a cock for the purpose of heating the hydrocarburet contained in the
reservoir or inner or upper portion of the apparatus; or gas or other easily regulated
heat producing agent may be used for heating the hydrocarburet.
The upper part of the reservoir has deflector diaphragms or equivalent baffling
appliances, and there is a steam pipe descending to the bottom of the reservoir so
that the steam issuing therefrom and ascending through the hydrocarburet is
baffled and thoroughly intermingled therewith, the steam in the false bottom or
jacket imparting heat thereto at the same time. By suitable arrangement of pipes
and cocks steam may besides be admitted directly into the efflux from the reservoir
in case the steam should be overcharged with hydrocarburet. A pressure gauge
indicates the pressure in the reservoir.
According to this Invention then water steam saturated with a hydrocarburet
of a suitable nature as stated is employed for the elimination of the metalloides
contained in iron.
The accompanying Drawing illustrates a mode in which this Invention may be
carried into effect.

page_text: This apparatus is composed of a hermetically closed reservoir A and a double
bottom or jacket B, into which the steam is introduced by means of the cock S to
heat the hydrocarburet contained in the reservoir A. The upper part of the
reservoir A is provided with baffle plates C.
Under these conditions the cocks V, R, and E being open and the cock O shut,
the steam admitted by the pipe F blends with and carries along with it the hydro-
carburet in a finely subdivided state, and goes out by the outlet E and pipe G to
the iron furnace.
If the steam should become too heavily charged with the hydrocarburet it may
be mixed with more steam directly by opening the cock O. A pressure gauge M
indicates the pressure in the apparatus.
And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this Invention, I
declare that I claim as the Invention communicated to me,-
First. The application of water steam saturated with a hydrocarburet for the
elimination of metalloides contained in molten iron, substantially in the manner
Bet forth.
Second. The combination of parts forming the apparatus for producing and
applying the steam saturated with a hydrocarburet, as described, and also the
special construction shown on the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Eighteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.