Improvements in the Manufacture of Bi-sulphide of Carbon, and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Aug., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 7th May, 1896-Accepted, 27th June, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Bi-sulphide of Carbon, and
Apparatus therefor.
We, ALBERT JAMES HOLT, of the Irwell Chemical Works, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Chemical Manufacturer, and GEORGE MILLARD, of
Moorside Street, Droylsden, in the aforesaid county, Foreman, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in the method of and apparatus
for manufacturing bi-sulphide of carbon for the purpose of reducing the loss in
weight in sulphur used and of increasing the output from the apparatus with the
same expenditure of labour and fuel.
In the manufacture of bi-sulphide of carbon as at present carried on upright cast
iron retorts are employed either singly or grouped together in a furnace these
retorts being fitted with a lid on top and an opening at the base, a 12" bore
projecting through the brickwork for cleaning purposes and a 3" bore pipe with
an open mouth piece or hopper attached for feeding purposes. Into these retorts
when heated there is first poured in at the top a charge of carbon, then the charge
of sulphur is introduced through the opening at the base the fumes from the
sulphur and charcoal combine as they pass up the retort and are delivered from an
outlet just below the lid being carried through this outlet in the form of two dry
gases combined into condensers where they are liquefied.
By this method of manufacture we consider that there is a loss in weight of
from 3 to 4 hundredweight per ton of sulphur used.
Our invention consists essentially in constructing the retorts with a bottom
cleansing arm extending some distance outside the brickwork of the furnace, a take
away or exhaust pipe projecting upwards from the bottom aud passing over the
surface to the condensers and a branch feeding pipe from the hottom of the take
away pipe in addition to the cleansing arm at bottom and lid and arm outlet at
the top such as at present employed. By this construction of retort the gases
may circulate through the retort and be delivered from either top or bottom as
desired.
In carrying out the invention we construct the retort with an upright body
cylindrical or otherwise, a cleansing arm at bottom and a lid and arm outlet at the
top such as have ordinarily been used. Instead however of only two such inlets
and one outlet we lengthen the bottom cleansing arm so as to project outside the
brickwork of the furnace (say about 14 inches) and on that space we have a take
away pipe projecting upwards and passing over the surface of the condensers.
This take away or exhaust pipe is preferably about 6" diameter. From the
bottom of this additional exhaust or take away pipe there projects a branch
(preferably about 3" diameter) for feeding purposes the old feeding pipe protruding
through the brickwork being done away with both top and bottom. The exhaust
or take away pipes are fitted with valves by which they can be opened or closed to
regulate the direction in which the gases flow.
By means of this construction we may have the gases circulating or passing out
at either end of the retort at pleasure thus causing the whole of the sulphur to be
completely used up, and we consider that we not only save the weight of sulphur
lost by the present system but the retort is kept clear of obstruction and may be
kept constantly working whereby a great economy is effected and the cost of
production decreased.

page_text: The improvement can be applied to existing retorts by attaching to the ends of
the cleansing arm (by couplings or otherwise) a further length of arm say about
14" in length with a 6" take away pipe leading upwards from same and passing
over the condensers or otherwise suitably arranged.
Dated this 6th day of August 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Bi-sulphide of Carbon, and
Apparatus therefor.
We, ALBERT JAMES HOLT, of the Irwell Chemical Works, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Chemical Manufacturer, and GEORGE MILLARD, of
Moorside Street, Droylsden, in the aforesaid county, Foreman, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in the method of and apparatus
for manufacturing bi-sulphide of carbon for the purpose of reducing the loss in
weight in sulphur used and of increasing the output from the apparatus with the
same expenditure of labour and fuel.
In the manufacture of bi-sulphide of carbon as at present carried on upright cast
iron retorts are employed either singly or grouped together in a furnace these
retorts being fitted with a lid on top and an opening at the base, a 12" bore
projecting through the brickwork for cleaning purposes and a 3" bore pipe with
an open mouth piece or hopper attached for feeding purposes. Into these retorts
when heated there is first poured in at the top a charge of carbon, then the charge
of sulphur is introduced through the opening at the base the fumes from the
sulphur and charcoal combine as they pass up the retort and are delivered from an
outlet just below the lid being carried through this outlet in the form of two dry
gases combined, into condensers where they are liquefied.
By this method of manufacture we consider that there is a loss in weight of
from 3 to 4 hundredweight per ton of sulphur used.
Our invention consists essentially in constructing the retorts so that the gases
may be drawn away or delivered from the retort at the bottom as well as at the
top by means of an additional exhaust pipe connected at one end to the bottom
cleansing arm and extending upwards above or over the top surface of the furnace
to the condenser in addition to a branch feeding pipe at bottom and the outlet or
exhaust pipe at the top such as are at present in use. By this construction of
retort the gases may circulate through the retort and be delivered from either top
or bottom as desired.
It will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
as an example a furnace containing four retorts is illustrated.
Fig. 1. Front elevation.
Fig. 2. Plan.
Fig. 3. Transverse sectional elevation.
Fig. 4. Longitudinal sectional elevation on line x-x Figs. 2 and 3.
Fig. 5. Longitudinal sectional elevation on line y-y Figs. 2 and 3.
Fig. 6. Sectional plan on line 2-z Figs. 1 and 4.
Each of the retorts A is constructed with an upright body of cylindrical or other
suitable shape a cleansing arm or opening B at the bottom projecting out through
the brickwork and closed with a door ba lid C and an outlet arm or exhaust
pipe D at the top such as have ordinarily been usual.
In addition to the inlets hitherto provided through the cleansing arm or pipe at

page_text: the bottom and the lid C at the top and the single outlet or exhaust D at the top
we now lengthen the cleansing arm or pipe B so as to project out beyond the
brickwork of the furnace (say about 14 inches) and we attach or connect thereto
one end of a take away or exhaust pipe E which extends upwards and enters the
condenser F at the top.
The exhaust pipe E is preferably about 6" in diameter and is fitted with a
valve G by which it can be opened or closed as desired. The exhaust pipe D at
the top of the retort also connects with the condenser F and is fitted with a
valve H which can be opened or closed as desired.
To the cleansing arm B we connect a branch pipe K for feeding purposes. The
feed pipe is formed with a chamber k in which the sulphur is placed and is
constructed with a bend which forms a trap to prevent the return or escape of
gases. It is built into the front wall of the furnace the heat from which melts the
sulphur and it may be covered with a lid k. As the sulphur melts it flows over
the trap and enters the retort at the bottom.
The retort A is charged with carbon at the top and fed with sulphur through
the feed pipe K at the bottom. The furnace is heated by a fire place L the
heated gases and products of combustion from which pass along the flues M
and N in which are openings m and n and finally escape to the chimney through
the flue P.
When in operation the sulphur fumes or gases pass up through the carbon and
the resulting gases are carried off through the exhaust pipe D to the condenser F
or if there is an excess of sulphur in the product the valve H may be closed and
the valve G in the exhaust pipe E opened whereby the gases collected at the top of
the retort are caused to pass down again through the carbon and are drawn off
at the bottom by the exhaust pipe E.
By means of this construction we may have the gases circulating or passing out
at either end of the retort at pleasure thus causing the whole of the sulphur to be
completely used up and we consider that we not only save the weight of sulphur
lost by the present system but the retort is kept clear of obstruction and may be
kept constantly working whereby a great economy is effected and the cost of
production decreased.
The improvement can be applied to existing retorts by attaching to the ends of
the cleansing arm (by couplings or otherwise) a further length of arm say about
14" in length with a 6" take away pipe leading upwards from same and passing
over the condensers or otherwise suitably arranged.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we now declare that what
we claim is.—
1. In the manufacture of bi-sulphide of carbon the process which consists in
passing fumes or gases arising from the sulphur up through the carbon in the
retort and then returning the gases through the carbon again to the bottom of the
retort carrying them away by means of an exhaust pipe such as E substantially as
described.
2. In apparatus for the manufacture of bi-sulphide of carbon the combination
with a retort of an additional exhaust pipe such as E leading from the bottom of
the retort and a feeding pipe such as K through which the sulphur is fed in also at
the bottom of the retort substantially as described.
3. Apparatus for manufacturing bi-sulphide of carbon having the several parts
constructed and arranged in combination substantially as described and shown.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.