Year: 1873

page_text: Figure 7 is a sectional elevation of the standard and its connections;
Figure 8 is a side elevation of the same.
Figure 9 is an elevation of the handle and its immediate connections.
Figure 10 is a partial end view of a machine employed to grind the
said cutters; Figure 11 is a side elevation, and Figure 12 is a plan of
the same, and Figure 13 is a side view of the upper cutter."
A represents the comb and lower cutter consisting of a steel disc
provided with radial teeth, and which has rigidly attached at right angles
thereto, a central steady pin a having its upper end threaded, as shown.
This steady pin is secured to the comb by a disc a', which may be riveted
or screwed thereto, or, if desired, the parts may be forged in a single
piece. B represents a casting which may be termed a drum, or socket
disc, consisting of the enlarged horizontal part b, with recess b¹, and
vertical tubular projection 63, the interior diameter of the latter corre-
sponds accurately with the diameter of the steady pin. C represents
the upper cutter formed of a steel ring having radial teeth as shown,
the ring being rigidly attached to the lower surface of the drum B.
D represents a side socket forming a part of the casting B, and which
has an opening d upon one side as shown. E represents a loose pin
adapted to rest in the socket D and turn therein, or move freely in a
vertical direction. F represents the handle, the main. portion of which
is tubular, as shown. It has at one end, however, an overhanging arm
provided with a vertical central orifice through which projects the upper
end of the steady pin when the parts are in place, the latter being rigidly
attached to the handle by means of a nut, as shown. F" represents a
spring. interposed between the upper part of the socket and the arm f
of the handle, the employment of which causes the upper cutter to rest
upon the lower one at all times with an elastic adjustable pressure.
G represents a rod located in the tubular handle F, one end of which
is connected with mechanism for giving it a revolving movement. The
other end is provided with a crank pin, which rests in a suitable opening
in the pin E, as shown. The comb and lower cutter have a number of
teeth in excess of the upper cutter, the proportion being about eighty to

page_text: sixty; by this means the efficiency of the knives in action is much
increased for. the reason that space is left at all times between the teeth
of the comb and the upper cutter for the admission of the hair,
while if the teeth of each are equal in number the openings between the
teeth are entirely closed one-half of the time.
Figures 5 and 6 represent cutters especially adapted for shearing
sheep. These resemble in their general construction those used for
horses, but have the teeth arranged at different angles, and have the
I sides cut away as shewn. The teeth radiate from the centre of the heel
of the comb, as shown at x, by which means they are better adapted to
penetrate the wool. By cutting away the sides all liability to catch or
clog is avoided, as only the actual cutting part of the instrument comes
in contact with the wool.
The operation of this improved handle and cutter-head is as follows:―
A revolving movement is communicated to the shaft by any other
suitable means.
This movement is communicated to the socket disc
I carrying the upper cutter by means of the crank pin and pin E, the
latter moving freely in its socket, horizontally and vertically, and thus
avoiding undue friction. It will be observed by the means employed
the revolving movement of the crank pin gives reciprocating movement
to the socket disc carrying the upper cutter. The movement of the
the lower cutter gives the cutting action.
upper cutter upon
This improved machine is used in a similar manner to other machines
of this class; the employment of a steady pin rigidly attached to the
comb in connection with the socket disc and handle, as described, is
especially advantageous, because the parts are so constructed that they
"can be dressed and made to accurately fit each other without adjustment.
The employment of the spring to give the clastic adjustable pressure of
the upper cutter upon the lower is especially advantageous, because
provision is thus made for the separation of the parts when they expand
under the influence of heat, and, moreover, there will be compensation
for the necessary wear of the parts. The means employed for com-
municating motion to the socket disc carrying the upper cutter are
especially advantageous, because the moving parts act upon each other
with but little friction.
The mechanism for communicating power will now be described,-

page_text: which is adapted to rest firmly at its lower end upon the ground, and is
provided above with an enlargement at having an oval opening through
it, as shewn. B' represents a tubular standard made preferably of gas
pipe, which is firmly secured in the top of the standard A', and is
provided near its upper end with a shoulder b', as shewn. C' represents
a socket which is slipped over the upper end of the standard B', and
made to rest upon the shoulder 6', upon which it freely revolves in either
direction. It is provided with the curved arms c', c³, which sustain the
shaft D' carrying the gear wheels d', ds, and upon which also the. yoke
E' is centrally pivoted, as shewn. F' represents a rod or shaft, which is
supported at its lower end in a suitable bearing in the standard A', and
extends upward through the tubular standard B', it is provided at its.
upper end with a pinion f', which engages with the bevel whcel d³ upon
the shaft D'. It is further provided within the oval opening of the
standard A with a bevel pinion which engages with the main gear
wheel A', to which the power is applied. G' represents a tubular
section which is rigidly secured to the enlargement e' of the yoke E',
that holds the shaft H', having at one end the pinion h* engaging with
the gear wheel d and at the other the pinion ³, as shewn. I', I³,
represent clevis-shaped irons, pivoted together by the rod J to one of
which the tubular section G* is secured, as shewn. j represents a gear
wheel upon rod J', which engages with the pinion
and also with the pinion of the shaft L which is rigidly secured at
its other end to the short shaft M* resting on the bearings of casing
with the
N', as shewn. m² represents a bevel pinion which engages
bevel pinion o of a shaft O supported in bearings of the casing P', which
is itself partly held in the casing N', as shown. 0³ represents a pinion
upon the other end of shaft O, which engages with the pinion q* upon
the end of shaft Q* resting on the tubular handle R. From this shaft
R motion is communicated to the cutter in any suitable manner. S
represents a spring suitably attached to the yoke E' and to the standard
by means of which the weight of the overhanging parts is counter-
balanced.
of the shaft H*,
If desired, power may be applied by means of a pulley directly to the
5 end of the shaft D', in which case the main power wheel A³ and the
shaft F with its pinions would be dispensed with. Or, if desired, the
may be reversed and he bolted to the ceiling. The machine

page_text: Dy the nerem described construction free movement of the handle is
permitted in any direction. The socket C revolves freely upon the
tubular standard, the yoke D' and the clevis irons I*, I³, swing free
...vertically, and the shaft revolves while the bevil gear wheels next the
handle permit it also to turn freely in a horizontal or vertical direction.
One of the marked advantages of the above described machine is that
it is constructed in sections with the parts removable, so that it can be
packed in a small compass for shipment.
.
i The machine which I employ to grind the cutters will now be
described A represents a base, of any suitable, construction, from
which rise the standards a³, a³, supporting a main shaft a³, having pulleys
a, a", as shewn. B³ represents a frame supporting the shaft 68 with
pulley 6 and emery wheel 61. C³ represents a supporting bed or slide,
which is capable of adjustment transversely by means of a screw c³, as
shewn. D' represents also a supporting bed or slide, which is adjustable
longitudinally by means of a screw d³, as shown. E' represents a frame
having centering pins adapted to hold accurately a shaft, as shewn. F
represents the lower cutter of a clipping machine which is to be ground,
and which is rigidly attached to the shaft or steady pin f8 at right
angles to it. F³ represents the lower cutter. G' represents a pulley
employed to communicate motion to the shaft fs when it is held by the
centering pins. The frames B³ and E³ are each adapted to swing upon a
central pivot vs, so that they may be adjusted relatively to cach other,
at other angles than right angles.
The operation of this improved machine will be readily understood.
Motion is communicated from the pulleys of the main shaft a³ by belts
suitably arranged upon the pulleys of the shafts 6s and f³, which are
driven in opposite directions. The cutter to be ground is then brought
into contact with the grinding wheel by means of the adjusting beds,
and so moved that every part of its cutting surface is caused to come in
contact with the edge of the grinding wheel.
It will readily be perceived that if the said machine is properly made,
and the shaft f³ is accurately turned, the surface of the cutter must be
ground at right angles to the shaft with perfect accuracy. The upper
cutter F Figure 13, is held while being ground upon an arbor of the a
same size as shaft f, and is also ground in a similar manner. By means
of this construction both cutters are held in the same relative position to

page_text: the grinding surface; so that they are ground alike, and consequently
fit accurately when the parts come together. By adjusting the frames
Bs and E upon the central pivots the machine can be used to grind
taper surfaces of any desired angle.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that I claim the improvements herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Haseltine, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, this Fourteenth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
Witness,
JAMES EDWARDS,
8, Southampton Buildings,
London.
GEORGE HASELTINE. (L.S.)