IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING BOLTS AND RIVETS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman,
for the Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING BOLTS AND
RIVETS." A communication from abroad by Alexander McConnell
White and Benjamin Butterworth, both of Baltimore, in the State of
Maryland, United States of America.
Sealed the 15th May 1866, and dated the 12th December 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th December 1865.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING
BOLTS AND RIVETS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to simplify the construction of bolts and
rivets (which are now commonly made by hand) by the use of cheap and
efficient machinery which requires only the services of an attendant for feeding.
it. Upon a horizontal cast-iron bed a pair of clamping dies (so shaped as to
form a mould for the head of the bolt or rivet) is mounted. Between these.

page_text: dies when open a given length of rod or round bar iron raised to red heat is
passed. The extremity of the rod enters a die box in close proximity to the
clamping dics, and in this die box a ram or plunger works, it being actuated
by a cam on the driving shaft of the machine. When the rod is fed in the
clamping dies close upon and hold it fast, they being preceded by an advancing
cutter, which severs a length of the rod sufficient to form a bolt or rivet.
To reduce this severed piece to shape the ram or plunger before mentioned
now comes into action, and by putting an endway pressure on the rod causes.
it to take the shape of the cavity in the combined dies. This being accom-.
plished the clamping dies recede, and a slight continued motion of the ram or
plunger caused by the cam before mentioned discharges tho formed bolt or
rivet from the die box. The return motion of the ram and the closing of the
clamping dies are effected by cams on the driving shaft actuating wedge faced
slides.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th June 1866..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED.
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Ferself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special licence that I, the said Alfred
Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "In-
PROVED MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING BOLTS AND RIVETS," being a communica-
tion from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred
Vincent Newton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner

page_text: the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say)
--
It is well known that the bolts and rivets made by means of horizontal or
reciprocating bolt aud rivet machines now in use are in many instances very
defective, and in some cases entirely unfit for use, owing to the strain given
to the said bolts or rivets in releasing them from the dies.
The object of this Invention is to overcome the aforesaid difficulty, and at
the same time to produce a very simple, cheap, durable, and effective machine
for making bolts and rivets.
And the subject matter of the Invention relates to the mode of operating the
die box, die, and plunger or header, whereby the formed bolt may be released
from the die without strain or injury of any kind.
In the accompanying Drawing the improved machine is shown in plan or
top view at Fig. 1, in the position to receive the rod to be formed into bolts
or rivets, and Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the improved machine
taken through the line x, x, Fig. 1, but in the position it will assume when
the bolt or rivet is completed and ready to be discharged from the machine.
A represents a platform or bed upon which the machinery is arranged to
operate; 6 represents the die box, which is to be constructed in a strong sub-
stantial manner, and adjusted upon the bed A so as to be moveable longitudinally.
This box 6 is made with a recess in its front end which is adapted to receive a
die, as c, and the said die may be firmly and properly secured by means of
screws (not shown) working through the box b; d, d¹, are clamps to receive.
the heated rod to be operated upon. One of these clamps & may be fixed
while the other d' is moveable, and constructed and arranged to operate by
the following means:-E is a cam shaft mounted in suitable bearings on the
table of the machine, and upon this shaft is keyed a cam e. This cam bears'
upon a sliding bar e' which is formed with a wedge-shaped termination, and
this wedge-shaped end bears against a projection e" on the movable clamp in
such manner that the said clamps d, d may be adapted at certain proper
periods in the operation of the machine to grasp the blank bolt and secure the
same rigidly during the process of heading, after which the moveable clamp 'd'
will be retracted by means of springs provided for the purpose so as to relense

page_text: the formed bolt and allow the same to fall from the machine. The clamps
are provided with cutters as g, g, by means of which the blank bolts may
be severed from long rods suitable for the object desired. The normal
position of the box b will be that in which the face of its contained die will
bear against the clamps, and it will be secured in or returned to this position, as
the case may be, by means of a suitable spring. The box 6 with its contained
die may be withdrawn from its normal position at suitable periods herein-
after described by means of a bent lever f, which is pivoted to the bed A
at f; the said lever is attached to the box b, and may be actuated by means
of a cam h upon the cam shaft E in such manner as to operate the box b,
and release the formed bolt from the die at proper periods; k represents the
plunger or header, which will be adapted in form and size to fit and work
within the die that may be employed, and it will be operated with reference
to its forward motion, by means of which the head of the bolt may be formed
by a suitable cam as p, upon the shaft E, and it may be retracted when
released from the pressure of the cam by means of a suitable spring, as seen
in Fig. 2. All the working parts of the aforesaid machine may be formed of
suitable metal.
Having thus described the construction of the machine, I will proceed to
explain its operation. The position of the working parts of the machine
being the same as shown in Fig. 1, and the shaft E being made to rotate, the
rod from which the bolts or rivets are to be made, being first properly heated,
may be fed to the machine, the end upon which the head is to be formed being
inserted within the die c, the cam e will be made to operate the clamp d¹
through the medium of the bar e¹ in such manner that the blank bolt may be
grasped firmly by the said clamps d, d, at this period in the operation of the
machine the cam p is made to force the header k forward into the die c against
the blank bolt, thereby upsetting the same in such manner as to form the
head of the bolt to correspond with the internal configuration of the die. At
this period in the operation, when the head of the bolt is completely formed,
the cam h is made to actuate the bent leverf in such manner as to retract
the die box 6 with its contained die, and the moveable clamp die d³ being also
retracted by means of a spring or other suitable device, the formed bolt is
without strain or injury and in a perfect condition released from the machine,
the header & remaining stationary until the bolt is entirely free from both dies,
when being relieved from the action of the cam p it is retracted by means of
a suitable spring as before described, and the said lever f being released from
the cam h, the box 6 will be returned to its aforesaid normal position ready
to receive another blank.

page_text: Headers and dies of different sizes and forms will be employed in accordance
with the nature of the result desired.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "Improved Machinery
for Manufacturing Bolts and Rivets" as communicated to me by my foreign
correspondent, and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect,
I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the precise
construction and arrangement of the devices by means of which the within-
described operation of the said die box and header and movable clamp die
may be accomplished, as I am fully aware that the same result may be
effected in various ways without departing from the spirit of the Invention,
but what I claim and desire to secure under the above in part recited
Letters Patent is the die box and header and movable clamp die combined
and operating as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twelfth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)