A New or Improved File-cutting Machine.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 24th Jan., 1891
COME LETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved File-cutting Machine.
I JULIUS ERLENWEIN of Edenkoben Rhenish Bavaria Manufacturer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the arrangement and construction of a new or improved
file cutting machine which consists of four main parts viz. the device for holding the
chisel or cutter in combination with automatic feeding mechanism; the mechanism
which intensifies the blow struck npon the end of the file and presses the latter on its
anvil; the screw gear which operates the automatic cutting and causes the cuts to be
wider in the centre, and finally the table and carriage which operates automatically
and enables the serrations in the files to be cut at any desired angle.
This new or improved file cutting machine is illustrated in the accompanying
drawings in which Figures 1 and 2 are respectively a front and a side view thereof.
Figures 3 to 9 are detail views of different parts of the machine.
b and e are two standards erected upon a pedestal a (Figures 1 and 2) and carry
between them a bed or carrier d. In the latter is arranged an anvil e formed of a
cylindrical block. The carrier enters the pedestal a by means of a screw threaded
pin or projection gl and is fixed in the desired position by the nut f. The anvil e is
formed upon its periphery with a transverse groove which is enlarged towards the
centre and receives the end of a soft zinc strip which is subsequently laid over the
periphery of the anvil e. The zine strip is used to protect the side of the file which is
first cut or serrated from the blows in cutting the serrations formed on the other side
which is last cut.
A table y is arranged higher up the standards b and c upon bearings ki and consists
of two Tirons z (Figures 3 and 4) connected together by cross pieces m and 6*. On
the right side and somewhat below the same is mounted a screw spindle n which rests
upon the bearings ro and is rotated by means of the crank handle p.
The rotary
motion of the spindle n is independent of that of the machine.
On the opposite end there is mounted upon the spindlen a lengthening piece which
can be easily moved to and fro it is perforated and can be easily displaced upon the
end of the spindle. The latter is furnished near the bearing o with a pin acting as a
carrier and engaging for this purpose with a notch v1 of the lengthening piece u.
Between the bearings and the disc t fixed to the spindle n is arranged a spring w
which serves to couple the two spindles n and u together. Upon the screw spindle n
a nut B is mounted being connected at its upper end with a carriage A sliding upon
the rails z.
Upon the end of the lengthening piece is mounted a toothed wheel and
a loose lever y¹ together with two pawls 1 and 2 which engage with the teeth of the
wheel so that the lever y¹ may when actuated impart a rotary motion to the wheel x
the spindle u and the spindle n.
The lever y¹ is connected by means of a sliding piece movable in a slot of the
former with a link 3 which can be adjusted by a coupling clamp 4. The rear end f
this link 3 rests in a circular socket connected with an adjustable nut 7. The latter
moves upon a screw threaded bolt 6 the end of which rests in a groove 14 of the
disc 5. The latter is fixed upon one end of a shaft 32 mounted in suitable bearings 40
and carrying at its other end a disc 33 which is furnished with a pin 34 engaging in
an opening 35 of the connecting rod 36. The latter is jointed with a crank lever 37
which embraces the pin 38 of the disc 39, keyed upon the driving shaft V. At each
revolution of the said driving shaft V the disc 5 is rotated by means of the connecting
rod 36 the disc 33 and the shaft 32 and the connecting rod 3 causes the lever y¹ to
oscillate so that the pawls 1 and 2 will move one tooth of the wheel x. This causes the

page_text: shaft n to rotate and the carriage A to move with the file holder 18 towards the chisel
or cutter.
The nut 7 above mentioned is actuated by imparting a suitable rotary motion to the
screw bolt 6 whereby the pawls 1 and 2 may be caused to move several teeth of the
gear wheel a the consequence of this arrangement being that a sham stroke or cut
may be made at times while at other times a real cut is formed. A lever 8 connected
by a socket joint 15 to the front end of the connecting rod 3 extends upwards through
a guide 16 of the lever y' and terminates with a knob h. When this lever 8 is drawn
up or down the oscillations of the lever y' will be long or short and hence a different
cut will be formed. Thus finer teeth or serrations can be made at the beginning and
at the end of the file than in the centre. This adjustment of the lever can be limited
by stop pins.
As soon as a file has been fully cut the lever a fixed to the rail z of the table is
pulled whereby the short spindle or lengthening piece u is released from the long
screw spindle so that the return motion of the carriage A can now be accomplished by
means of the crank handle p. When the carriage A has been moved sufficiently far
from the chisel or cutter the two spindles n and are again connected together by
merely releasing the lever from its last position so that the spring w may now effect
the coupling. The file holder above mentioned is arranged upon the carriage A in
such a manner that each file can be accurately set in a central position. This is
effected by means of the two screws 11 and 12 (Figures 3 and 4) through which the
front end is guided while the rear and pointed end of the file can be suitably set.
A mechanical device C is fixed below to the connecting piece in of the table y
serving to give the table a suitable angular position relatively to the chisel or cutter.
This device C consists of a nut Cresting in bearings 19 and through which moves a
screw spindle 20 set in rotation by a crank handle 21 and fixed by its upper end to
the connecting piece m. The automatic motion of the chisel holder and of the
depressing device is illustrated in Figures 5 to 7. A plate D fixed to the standard C
is provided along its longitudinal sides with rails or bars E F between which can slide
a sledge G furnished at its upper end with a screw spindle H imparting motion
thereto. The latter turns in a nut J provided on its periphery with teeth gearing
with a worm K and rests in a fork shaped bearing L which prevents it from moving
laterally. The worm K is carried in a bearing N of the plate D. Upon the
prolongation of the axis of the worm is mounted a hand wheel M by turning which
the nut J is rotated and the screw spindle H with the sledge G is moved up and
down. Upon a pin Q fixed to the sledge G the lever P is pivoted which carries the
chisel or cutter. The rear end of the lever P carries a hinge R' in which a rod R
engages. The latter passes through a frame S provided with a spring T and carries
at its upper end two rings which clasp the driving shaft V. Between the two rings U
a projection or roller W is arranged to pivot upon a pin W₁. The roller W is located
in a small cavity or recess V₁ of the driving shaft V and hence when the said shaft V
accomplishes one revolution the rod R is raised and the front end of the lever P
carrying the chisel or cutter is pressed down upon the file. When on the contrary
the roller B enters the recess V₁ the rod R sinks and the lever P is correspondingly
lowered.
To intensify the pressure of the chisel a spring T is arranged in the frame S while
another spring X is attached to an eye below the hinge R₁ and on one side of the
lever P. This spring X can be inore or less contracted or expanded by a set screw Y
and assists the raising of the chisel. The front end of the lever P carries an arm P¹
which connected by means of a screw bolt P to a rod a¹. The latter is jointed to
the block or chisel holder d¹ by means of a bayonet joint a". Two nuts 66 are
screwed upon the rod a¹ and serve to further secure the bayonet joint. The opposite
end of the block d¹ carries a pressure screw e¹ furnished with nuts f¹. This screw
operates against a plate g¹ behind which this chisel is arranged in a notch or recess d
and firmly held by the plate g' and the pressure screw e¹. The standard C carries
moreover a lever k₁ which pivots upon the pin . This lever is furnished at its rear
end with a link m¹¹ and a rod or bar h¹ and is provided for the purpose of adjustment

page_text: with a coupling clamp " and is connected by the links 6" and m¹ with the axis
and the hammer a" (Figure 2). The axis ¹¹ is guided through brackets A¹ 29 and 30
of the standard c.
Upon the driving shaft V is mounted a disc a provided with a cam 27 and
operating at each revolution upon the projection z¹ connected with the axis . The
spiral spring o² is coiled upon the rod k¹ between the fixed ring o¹ and the projection
or bracket fixed to the standard (and serving as a guide for the said rod k¹.
Another spring p' is arranged between the stop 31 and an adjustable ring 42 of the
axis, and below the bracket A¹. One end of the spring p" bears against the
ring adjustable on the axis all while its other end bears against a disc f2 sliding in
the standard c and capable of being displaced by a screw spindle ¹ carried by the
bracket 29 with the aid of a crank handle e" so that the spring pl¹ may be more or
less contracted or expanded.
cast
The lower end of the lever (Figures 5 and 6) is bent down and provided with a
hollow boss or enlargement. In the latter is arranged a rod acting upon the file
and held in the said boss or enlargement by the screw s¹. The lever h¹ can be adjusted
by means of a screw spindle c', which is guided by the nut v of a flange u
integrally with the sledge G and by the nut w² appertaining to the lever h¹. The
nut v moves upon a pin l. For this purpose the head of the spindle c' is perforated
so that the lever h¹ can be made to assume any suitable position.
The above described machine operates in the following manner :-
When the driving pulley B" mounted on the shaft V rotates in the direction of
the arrow it imparts a similar motion to the cam ¹ and raises with the aid of the
cam 27 the projection or tappet z¹ and with it the axis and the hammer a¹¹ fixed
thereon. The lifting of the axis x causes the rod b¹ to sink the lever h¹ pressing the
file upon the anvil by means of its rod ¹. The springs p¹ and p₁ of the axis all
which are thus contracted act upon the latter and cause the hammer to deliver a
downward blow as soon as the cam a¹ has released owing to the inclined plane 28 the
projection of the axis all. This blow can be increased if required by turning the
spindle by means of the hand wheel e" and hence by tightening the spring p".
When the blow has been struck the curvature of the cam 27 comes again in contact
with the projection to raise the hammer. At this moment the roller W enters the
recess of the driving shaft V, and the spring T in connection with the spring ✗
raises the front part of the lever P carrying the chisel or cutter and hence with-
draws the said cutter or chisel from the file. At the same time the connecting
rod 36 is raised by the pin 38 of the disc 39 mounted on the driving shaft V so that
the discs 5 and 33 accomplish a revolution and impart a motion to the thooted wheel
through the connecting rod 3, the lever y¹ and the pawls 1 and 2 the said
wheela moving forward again the carriage A and the file fixed thereon by means
of the spindle n. As soon as this is over the operation is repeated the chisel or
cutter being placed again over the file by means of the roller W having left anew
the recess V and by means of such roller of the rod R and of the spring T whereupon
the hammer delivers the next blow. When the file has been cut over about a quarter
of its length the attendant pulls the knob 2. The serrations or cuts will now
become a little coarser but very slightly so. When the file is three quarters cut the
knob 2 is pushed back and the serrations become immediately finer. The above
described machine can cut any kinds of files and remedies the defect arising from
having to sharpen old files.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In file cutting machines the mechanism for automatically feeding the file
indicated by a screw spindle n connected with the file table and rotated by the toothed
wheel the rotation of which wheel is carried out by pawls with the aid of a lever y¹
of a connecting rod 3 jointed to the link 36 by means of the socket joint 13, the
nut 7, the shaft 32, and the discs 5 and 33, and of a crank lever 37 actuated by the

page_text: driving shaft for the purpose of regulating the extent of the stroke of the pawls
and of obtaining coarse or fine cuts or serrations substantially in the manner and
for the purposes herein before described and represented in the drawings hereunto
annexed.
2. In a file cutting machine the mechanism for moving the chisel or cutter holder
automatically indicated by the arrangemct of an adjustable pin Q upon which the
lever P carrying the chisel is arranged to pivot the other end of the said lever
i.e. the end opposite that carrying the chisel being connected by a rod R with two rings
carrying a roller W and clasping the driving shaft while the said roller enters when
the driving shaft rotates a recess formed in the said shaft so that the up and down
motion thereby imparted to the lever carrying the chisel or cutter can be intensified
by the springs T H substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and represented in the drawings hereunto annexed.
3. In a file cutting machine the mechanism for pressing the file tightly upon the
anvil and for actuating the hammer indicated. by a movable and adjustable lever h¹
one end of which is connected with a pressure piece while its other end is
jointed by means of a rod k¹ and a lever 6 with the axis carrying the hammer
which axis is surrounded by springs and is furnished with a projection 2' actuated by
the cam a mounted on the main shaft substantially in the manner and for the
purposes herein before described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto annexed.
Dated this 20th day of August 1890
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Patentee.