An Improved Steering Apparatus for Fish-torpedoes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Nov., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Steering Apparatus for Fish-torpedoes.
I EMIL KASELOWSKY, residing at 17/18 Chaussee Strasse of Berliu, Kingdom of
Prussia Gorman Empire, Counsellor of Commerce do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
In launching a torpedo from a broadside-tube whilst the boat is in motion, the
torpedo is devinted from its correct path in consequence of the inertia existing
within, and imparted to it by, the moving boat. The devintion is, of course, the
stronger the greater the speed of the boat, and it is consequently in a torpedo-boat
very great because of the very quick motion of such a boat.
The purpose of my present invention, therefore, is to do away with said lateral
deflections of the torpedo, or to cause the latter to move in a straight line respec-
tively, and my invention is based on the principle, that a quickly rotating wheel or
disk suspended, so as to allow of being inclined to any plane maintains its plane of
rotation if its frame or support is inclined. I thus connect a wheel or disk of the
kind stated with the rudder of the torpedo, in such a manner, that any lateral
.ovement of the torpedo, or any deviation of the same respectively, results in an
ne ion of said quickly rotating wheel or disk upon the rudder. The latter is
operated from the said wheol or disk in such a way, that the torpedo is deviated
back into its normal path until the rudder extends again exactly in the longi-
tudinal direction of the torpedo.
In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawing,
in which:
Figure 1 is a vertical, longitudinal section through the medium portion of a
fish-torpedo provided with my improved steering-apparatus.
Figure 2 is a horizontal longitudinal section through said portion of the torpedo.
Figures 1 & 2 are a vertical and a horizontal section through the rear poition
of the torpedo.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through an air-motor used in connection with
the other apparatus of the steering-device; and
Figure 3 is a detail of Figure 3 duly referred to hereinafter.
The flywheel or disk a (Figs. 1 & 2) is situated upon a shaft held by the
frame i, and is connected by a set of suitable cog-wheels to a spring, which is
arranged within the casing n. This latter is also held by the frame i. The pro-
portions in diameter and the arrangement of said set of cog-wheels is such that
the disk a is quickly rotated by said spring. The spring after being strained may
be set free by any desired means; the latter are preferably caused to come into
action on the torpedo being launched, and I have shown as an example a movable
hook or nose o (Figure 1) projecting from the shell; said hook is in any way cou-
nected with a rod r that on being longitudinally displaced sets the spring free, and
causes it to rotate the disk a.
The horizontal frame i is rigidly connected with a vertical frame (Figs. 1 & 2)

page_text: which is furnished with pivots as the latter are retained by suitable hearings
secured to the bottom and to the top of the shell of the torpedo, and the frame
together with the frame and all the parts held by the latter may thus rotate or
revolve on and around said pivots.
The rearwardly projecting end e' (Figures 2 & 3) of the shaft c of the fly-disk a
terminates into a pivot (Figure 3) that takes into a slotted guide-piece z
(Figures 3 & 3). The latter is secured to the piston-rod z of an air-pressure-
motor of the Servi-motor-type. Said motor operates the rudder (Figures 1 & 2)
by the mediation of the bell-crank lever m (Figures 2 & 3) and the connecting-
rod r, in such a manner, that said rudder is turned either to the right or to the
left, as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 6.
As long as the torpedo moves in a straight line, the pivot of the shaft c
remains within the middle portion of the slot of the guide- piece z. If, however,
the torpedo deviates from its proper course, and if consequently the frame is
turned with regard to the shell of the torpedo by reason of the fly-disk a maintain-
ing its plane of rotation, the shaft with its pivot is laterally displaced, or,
moru precisely, caused to describe an angle, in such a way, that the guide-piece z is
moved in the longitudinal direction of the piston-rod z, as indicated by the arTOW
in Figures 3 & 3. The piston-rod z¹ is provided with the piston-valves 2 z+20
(Figure 3) two of which (232) open and close the channels that connect the inlet
conduit b of the motor with the distributing conduits 6. The casing d contains
the piston d', and the latter is thus displaced in one or the other direction accord-
ing to the opening or closing of one or the other of the distributing conduits b
This movement is transmitted to the rudder e by the mediation of the bell-crank
lever m and the connecting-rod 10, as afore described.
The connection of the piston with the bell-crank lover m is effected by the
rod . A similar rod d secured to the other end of the piston is connected with
a hollow cylinder-valve h by the mediation of the double-armed lever and the
link t. Said hollow piston valve contains the four pistons
afore
mentioned, and contains further the channels establishing the communication
between the inlet-conduit 6 and the distributing conduits b
The purpose of the pistons 22 is to make the pistons independent of the
pressure of the air, or to relieve them from said pressure respectively. The
purpose of the hollow cylinder-valve hand of its connection with the steering-
piston is to interrupt the communication between the inlet conduit d and one or
the other of the distributing conduits 3, after the steering-piston has been
displaced by the air. The pistons (as well as 2) regain their former or
proper position only after the torpedo has regained its straight path. In doing so,
the relative position of the torpedo and the frame with the fly-disk a
becomes again the correct one, and the piston-rod 2 is thereby displaced into its
medium position, or position of rest respectively..
Any change in tho vertical direction of motion of the torpedo does not cause
the motor to come into action because the pivot of the shaft c' moves only along
within the slot of the guide-piece 2. This cannot obviously cause a longitudinal
displacement of the piston-rod z. Such a displacement, however, is necessary in
order to operato the motor.
The latter is arranged upon a base 1 (Figures 1 & 2) and is fed with compressed
air from the reservoir & by means of the pipe g.

page_text: An Improved Steering Apparatus for Fish-torpedoes.
I, EMIL KASELOWSKY, residing at 17/18 Chaussee Strasse of Berlin, Kingdom of
Prussia, German Empire, Counsellor of Commerce, do hereby declare the nature of
this my invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
In launching a torpedo from a broadside-tubo whilst the boat is in motion, the
torpedo is deviated from its correct path in consequence of the inertin existing
within, and imparted to it by, the moving boat. The deviation is, of course, the
stronger the greater the speed of the boat, and it is consequently in a torpedo-boat
very great because of the very rapid notion of such a boat.
The purpose of my present invention, therefore, is to do away with said lateral
deflections of the torpedo, or to cause the latter to move in a straight line respec-
tively, and ny invention is based on the principle, that a quickly rotating wheel or
disk suspended so as to allow of the same being inclined to any plane maintains its
plane of rotation if its frame or support is inclined. I thus connect a wheel or disk of
the kind stated with the rudder of the torpedo, in such a manner, that any lateral
movement of the torpedo, or any deviation of the same respectively, results in an
action of said quickly rotating wheel or disk upon the rudder. The latter is
operated from the said wheel or disk in such a way, that the torpedo is deviated
back into its normal path until the rudder extends again exactly in the longi-
tudinal direction of the torpedo.
In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawing,
in which:
Figure 1 is a vertical, longitudinal section through the central portion of a
fish-torpedo provided with my improved steering-apparatus.
Figure 2 is a horizontal longitudinal section through said portion of the torpedo.
Figures 1 & 2 are a vertical and a horizontal section through the rear portion
of the torpedo.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through an air-motor used in connection with
the other apparatus of the steering-device; and
Figure 3 is a detail of Figure 3 duly referred to hereinafter.
The fly-wheel or diska (Figs. 1 & 2) is located upon a shaft c-held by the
frame i, and is connected by a set of suitable cog-wheels to a spring, which is
arranged within the casing n. This latter is also held by the frame i
The pro-
portions in diameter and the arrangement of said set of cog-wheels is such that
the disk is quickly rotated by said spring. The spring after being extended may
be set free by any desired means; the latter are preferably caused to come into
action on the torpedo being launched, and I have shown as an example a movable
hook or nose o (Figure 1) projecting from the shell; said hook is in any way con-
rected with a rod that on being longitudinally displaced sets the spring free, and
causes it to rotate the disk a.
The horizontal frame i is rigidly connected with a vertical frame (Figs. 1 & 2)
which is furnished with pivots s s the latter are retained by suitable bearings
secured to the bottom and to the top of the shell z of the torpedo, and the frame
together with the frame i and all the parts held by the latter may thus rotate or
aevolve upon and around said pivote.
The rearwardly projecting end c¹ (Figures 2 & 3) of the shaft c of the fly-disk a
terminates in a pivot (Figure 3) that takes into slotted guide-piece =
(Figures 3 & 3). The latter is secured to the piston-rod 21 of an air-pressure-
motor of the Servi-motor-type. Said motor operates the rudder (Figures 1 & 2)

page_text: by the mediation of the bell-crauk lover m (Figures 2 & 3) and the connecting-
rxl e, in such manner, that said rudder is turned either to the right or to the
left as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 2.
As long as the torpedo moves in a straight line, the pivot of the shaft c
remains within the central portion of the slot of the guide-piece z. If, however.
the torpedo deviates from its proper course, and if consequently the frame i, i is
turned with regard to the shell of the torpedo by reason of the fly-disk a maintain-
ing its plane of rotation, the shaft with its pivot is laterally displaced, or,
more precisely caused to describe an angle, in such manner, that the guide-piece is
moved in the longitudinal direction of the piston-rxl 2', as indicated by the arrow
in Figures 3 & 3. The pistou-rod is provided with the piston-valves
(Figure 3) two of which () open and close the channels that connect the inlet
conduit of the motor with the distributing conduits 6. The casing d contains
the piston d', and the latter is thus displaced in one or the other direction accord-
ing to the opening or closing of one or the other of the distributing conduits b
This movement is transmitted to the rudder e by the mediation of the bell-crank
lever m and the connecting-rod to, as afore described.
The
The connection of the piston with the bell-crank lever m is effected by the
rod similar rod secured to the other end of the piston is connected with
a hollow cylinder-valve h by the mediation of the double-armed lever and the
link t. Said hollow piston valve contains the four pistons afore
mentioned, and contains further the channels establishing the communication
between the inlet-conduit and the distributing conduits & bo
The purpose of the pistons is to make the pistons 23 independent of the
pressure of the air, or to relieve them from said pressure respectively.
purpose of the hollow cylinder-valve and of its connection with the steering-
iston d' is to interrupt the communication between the inlet conduit and one or
the other of the distributing conduits 6, after the steering-piston has been
displaced by the air. The pistons (as well as 23 ) regain their former or
proper position only after the torpedo has regained its straight path. In doing so,
the relative position of the torpedo and the frame with the fly-disk a
becomes again the correct one, and the piston-rod z' is thereby displaced into a
partly central position, or position of rest respectively.
Any change in the vertical direction of motion of the torpedo does not cause
the motor to come into action because the pivot 3 of the shaft e noves only along
within the slot of the guide-piece z. This cannot obviously cause a longitudinal
displacement of the piston-rod z. Such a displacement, however, is necessary in
order to operate the motor.
The latter is arranged upon a base (Figures 1 & 2) and is fed with compressed
air from the reservoir & by means of the pipe 9.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a fish-torpedo having a gyroscopic disk or wheel for operating the rudder.
the combination with said disk or wheel and its axle or shaft, and a frame carrying
said axle or shaft, and adapted to turn around an axis located at right angles to
the axle or shaft, of a motor for the gyroscopie disk or wheel also carried by said
frame, and means for transmitting the deviations of the latter to the rudder, as set
forth.
2. In a fish-torpedo having a gyroscopic disk or wheel for operating the rudder,
the combination with said disk or wheel, and its horizontal axle or shaft, and the
frame carrying said axle or shaft, and adapted to turn around a horizontal axis
located at right angles to the axle or shaft, of a motor for the gyroscopic disk or
wheel also carried by said frame; anothor frame carrying the latter and adapted to
turn around a vertical axis, and means for transmitting the deviations of the said
frame or frames to the rudder, as set forth.

page_text: 3. In a fish-torpedo having a Servi-motor for operating the rudder, and a gyro-
scopic disk or wheel for operating the valve-motion of said motor, the combination
with said disk or wheel and its horizontal axle or shaft, and the frame carrying
said axle or shaft and adapted to turn around a horizontal axis located at right
angles to the first-named axle or shaft, of a motor for the gyroscopic disk or wheel
also carried by said frame; another frame carrying the latter frame, and adapted
to turn around a vertical axis; a rod extending from the first mentioned frame in
the direction of the said axle or shaft, and a vertical slotted guide-piece secured to
the horizontal valve-rod of tho Servi-motor and taking over the free end of said
first rod substantially as and for the purpose described.
Dated this 10 1
1009