Improvements in Apparatus for Turning Over Grain in Malt-kilns, Granaries, and like Places.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Applicat on, 8th Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 2nd July, 1391-Accepted, 18th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Turning Over Grain in Malt-kilns,
Granaries, and like Places.
1, GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the firm of G. F. Redfern & Co., the
General Patent Office, No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of London,
Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication
from abroad by Messieurs Wirth & Co., of Frankfort-on-the-Main, in the Empire
of Germany, acting as Agents, for Siegfried Hirschler, of Worms on the Rhine, in
the Empire of Germany, Maltster,) to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for turning over grain in malt-kilns, granaries
and like places, the object being to rotate the scoops and other agitating devices at
a higher rate of speed than hitherto when compared with the rate of travel of the
apparatus in order to more effectually turn over the grain, and to provide means
for introducing air or other gases into the grain as it is turned over.
In carrying out the invention, the shaft carrying the scoops and other agitating
devices is rotated from a rope pulley through the medium of a train of gearing,
and the travelling wheels are rotated by a pinion on the shaft driving a series of
intermediate gear-wheels in such a manner that a high rate of speed is communicated
to the said shaft whilst the travelling wheels are driven at a comparatively slow
rate of speed.
The said shaft is hollow and has keyed thereon a number of bosses, each of
which carries three hollow arms having pivotted thereto a scoop, a rake and a brush
respectively. The passages in the arms communicate with the interior of the hollow
shaft and with air-passages in the scoop. Through these passages the air or gas
is projected into the midst of the material whilst being turned over.
An eccentric is provided having pivotted thereto arms which, by means of levers,
are adjustably connected to the scoops, rakes and brushes, whereby they are caused
to act upon the largest possible quantity of material at each revolution, the material
being thrown a considerable distance backwards over the apparatus.
The rakes, scoops and brushes are arranged in such a inanner that each rake
loosens the material and is followed by the scoop fixel to the next arm which lifts
and throws it backwards. A brush then follows and sweeps the material left by
the scoop towards the following scoop.
A plate or its equivalent is provided at the front end of the apparatus to level
the material previous to its being operated on by the rakes, scoops and brushes.
Dated the 8th day of October 1890.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Turning Over Grain in Malt-kilns,
Granaries, and like Places.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the firm of G. F. Redfern & Co., the
General Patent Office, No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication
to me by Messrs. Wirth & Co., acting as agents for Siegfried Hirschler, of
Worms on the Rhine, in the Empire of Germany,) and in what manner the saine
is to be perforined, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus for turning over grain in malt-kilns, granaries

page_text: and like places, the object being to rotate the scoops and other agitating devices
at a higher rate of speed than hitherto when compared with the rate of travel of
the apparatus in order to more effectually turn over the grain, and to provide
means for introducing air or other gases into the grain as it is turned over.
In carrying out the invention, the shaft carrying the scoops and other agitating
devices is rotated from a rope pulley through the medium of a train of gearing
and the travelling wheels are rotated by a pinion on the shaft driving a series of
intermediate gear-wheels in such a manner that a high rate of speed is communicated
to the said shaft whilst the travelling wheels are driven at a comparatively slow
rate of speed.
The said shaft is hollow and has keyed thereon a number of bosses, each of
which carries a series of arms having scoops, rakes and brushes pivotted thereto.
The arms which carry the scoops and brushes are hollow, the passages in the
arms communicating with the interior of the hollow shaft and with air-passages in
the scoops. Through these passages the air or gas is projected into the midst of
the material whilst being turned over.
An eccentric is provided having pivotted thereto arms which, by means of
levers or screws, serve to adjust the scoops, rakes and brushes, whereby they are
caused to act upon the largest possible quantity of material at each revolution
without sticking against the Hoor, the material being thrown a considerable distance
backwards over the apparatus.
The rakes, scoops and brushes are arranged in such a manner that each rake
loosens the material and is followed by the scoop fixed to the next arm which lifts
and throws it backwards. A. brush then follows and sweeps up the material left
by the scoop ready to be lifted by the following scoop.
A plate or its equivalent is provided at the front end of the apparatus to level
the material previous to its being operated on by the rakes, scoops and brushes.
In order to enable the invention to be fully understood will describe the same
by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :—
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved apparatus ;
Figure 2 is a plan of the same; and,
Figure 3 is a side view of the turning and agitating device (drawn to an enlarged
scale) not shewn in Figures 1 and 2.
In carrying out the invention I employ a frame A provided at one side with a
pulley mounted on a shaft a and connected to a toothed-wheel c. This wheel c
gears with a spur-wheel d mounted on a shaft e. Connected to the spur-wheel d
is a pinion which gears with a spur-wheel on the hollow shaft g. Movement is
communicated from the shaft to a spur-wheel by means of a pinion m.
spur-wheel carries a pinion which gears with a spur-wheel and drives a
The
shaft g.
The shaft carries a flanged wheel and a toothed-wheels, which
latter gears with a rack and effects the forward movement of the entire
apparatus.
The
The turning and agitating devices are arranged between the two frames A, A.
The hollow shaft has four arms B, C, D, E keyed thereto, and close to the side
of the frame A is the eccentric F, to the strap of which at H, H, H, H are pivotted
the arms 1, K, L, M. The arms B and C are hollow and their ends support hollow
shafts N and which carry the scoops R, R¹ and brushes W, W
scoops R, R are each constricted of two plates, the inner one S of which is
perforated in a similar manner to a strainer; the outer plate is provided with one
opening, only the openings of the two scoops communicating with the hollow
shafts N and O respectively. The scoops R are adjustably connected to the
arms and M by the levers T and T. The arms D and E have pivotted thereto
the forks or rakes Q which are adjustably connected to the arms I and L by the
levers T and T3, each rake serves to loosen the material in front of the scoop
fixed to the following arm which gathers it up and throws it backwards; the
brush on the latter arm then sweeps the remainder of the material into position
to be taken up by the following scoop.

page_text: The air or gas, with or without water or other fluid, is supplied to the hollow
shaft through the medium of pipes V. V supported by and opening into the
frame A of the apparatus which is hollow and forms a communication with the
hollow shaft, a pipe Y fitted to the pipes V, VI and flexible tubes Y¹, Y' leading
from the pipe to a suitable blower."
A water sprayer or rose can with advantage be attached to the machine, such
sprayer or rose consisting of a perforated tube extending from side to side of the
machine and attached to a flexible water tube in the same manner as the air
tubes Y, Yare connected with the flexible tubes Y, Y¹
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:-
The rope e, passing over the rope pulleys i, b, u, rotates the shaft g carrying the
rake, scoop, and brush arms, by means of the spur-wheels and pinions c, d, f, h, and
at the same time causes the entire apparatus to travel forward by means of the
spur-wheels and pinions n, m, 0, p, s. By means of the eccentric F placed inside
the frame A, A an effective movement is communicated to the rakes and brushes
as they act on the material, and the scoops R, R' in addition to a rotary movement
receive another movement which causes them, when entering the material, to
assume a position by means of which the largest possible quantity of material is
operated on. Owing to the greater rotary speed of the scoops (obtained by
suitable gearing) compared with the rate of travel of the entire apparatus the
material is thrown a considerable distance backwards over the apparatus. During
the operation either air or gases of suitable temperature is or are introduced into
the material from the blower by means of the pipes herein before described, the
air or gases passing through the hollow shaft g and the hollow arms B, C into the
hollow shafts N and O and thence into the hollow scoops R, R'. The air or
gases then passes or pass through the perforated plates S to become mixed with
the material.
The apparatus is especially suitable for use in malt-floors for turning barley,
in which case warm air is introduced through the perforated scoops, which causes
the nitrogen resulting from the fermentation to escape.
In summer, cold air and ice water can be employed, thus rendering malting in
hot weather possible.
The improved apparatus may also be used for various other purposes, such as
for bleaching the materials employed in the manufacture of paper, in which case,
instead of air, suitable gases for bleaching are introduced.
A plate or guard Z is employed to level the material and also to prevent the
material from being too quickly thrown over owing to the great rotary speed of the
scoops.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An apparatus for turning over barley on malt floors, grain in malt-kilns,
granaries and like places constructed and arranged substantially as hereinbefore
described.
And in an apparatus for turning over grain in malt-kilns, granaries, and like
places the following subordinate features mentioned in Clauses 2 to 4.
2. The arrangement for effecting the quicker peripheral movement of the scoops
in relation to the forward movement of the apparatus, whereby the materials are
thrown in an opposite direction to that of the forward movement of the apparatus,
substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. The combination of scoops pivotted to supporting arms with an arrangement
of levers in connection with an eccentric for adjusting the scoops to enable them
to act on the largest possible quantity of material, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
4. The arrangement for introducing water, air or other gases or fluids into the

page_text: material in the scoops, or upon the material laying upon the floor by means of a
suitable spraying device, substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated the 2nd day of July 1891.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.