Improvements in and connected with Fire Grates.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in and connected with Fire Grates.
I, EDWIN COLE, of 25, Grosvenor Terrace, Wiltshire Road, Thornton Heath,
in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The invention consists in new and improved methods of admitting atmospheric
air into the interior of fire heated in such a manner that the gases arising from
the fuel are ignited, thus assisting combustion, and giving out, and radiating
heat into the room, and consequently effecting a saving of fuel, by my first
method; I further arrange for the consumption, of smoke leaving the crown of
fire before entering the chimney.
In carrying out the first portion of my invention, I place a grating (which may
be either portable or fixed) internally in front of grate, of right angle shape, one
end resting on bottom of grate, the other resting against bottom horizontal or
transversal bar of grate, each end of the casting is closed having blank metal ends;
it also has air inlets or slots inside and outside, at from one to one and a half
inches, centre to centre of slots, both on vertical and horizontal planes of angle
casting, and raised solid ribs of inch in height extending from front to back,
and from top to bottom, both on the vertical and horizontal plane of angle casting,
and extending the whole width of grate front, the solid ribs on horizontal plane
being opposite slots on vertical plane of angle and vice versa.
In carrying out the second portion of my invention, and as a further means
of arresting the smoke and gases that leave crown or top of fire I arrange an
improved perforated back to grate (in lieu of ordinary back) and downtake com-
bined; the downtake exit for liberated smoke and gases is a chamber having an
entrance above back of fire grate of about 4 inches in depth and the whole width
of grate, reducing downwards from front to back, but not in width, having
perforated holes on fire side of chamber, and having recesses as baffles of angle
shape projecting outwards from inside of downtake chamber, and placed at
intervals opposite perforations in fireside front of downtake, thus baffling the pro-
gress of the coal gases, and thus with the incoming atmospheric air mingling
with gases before cooling, producing more complete combustion in downtake
chamber, this chamber may have a junction outlet for return flues over range
or ovens &c., with or without damper; a damper may or may not be fixed at
base of downtake output into chimney; a soot door will also be put under base
of downtake output for clearing.
Dated this 10th day of March 1900

page_text: Improvements in and connected with Fire Grates.
I, EDWIN COLE, of 25, Grosvenor Terrace, Wiltshire Road, Thornton Heath,
in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Many devices having for their object the perfect combustion of fuel, & preven-
tion of smoke, & heat radiation, have from time to time been tried with varied
but not complete success; I have therefore invented the "slotted & ribbed grating
bar," and "grate back with downtake chamber having recesses as baffles & heat &
air inlets combined"; as shewn in accompanying drawings, and hereinafter
described to accomplish these objects.
My improved "slotted & ribbed grating bar" is provided with slotted air inlets
of a design to cause eddies to form in the currents of air admitted into the grate
which partially arrest the products of combustion and in so doing mix with
them, while part of the air so heated radiates towards the front of grate; I also
arrange raised ribs running on horizontal, and vertical planes, to keep the fire
porous thereby admitting heated air into interior of fire, assisting combustion of
fuel while the before mentioned eddies are preventing rush of fire to flue exit.
I further provide my improved grate back" with slotted and perforated heat
and air inlets into downtake with recesses as baffles, and of a design to arrest
the smoke after leaving the crown of fire while the heat from body of fire is
passing through the angle shape slots and perforations in "grate back." I
further place a row of perforations as air inlets running across, but under, grate
bottom and also having a set off lip with adjusting slide damper for regulation
A further air supply may be inserted inside downtake by placing a 1"
to 1" pipe running across downtake chamber and having perforations pitched
downwards, the pipe placed in a line with bottom of entrance into downtake
chamber as shewn in accompanying drawings.
of air.
Fig. 1, is a general view of my "grating bar."
a, a, a, a', is a rectangular metal bar, curved or straight as required, with
solid ends a, a, furnished with extended ribs, B, C, being placed horizontally
and D, E, vertically, on the two sides of the bar.
In the spaces between the ribs are slots F & F¹ both on the horizontal &
vertical faces of the bar.
Fig. 2, is a section showing the extended rib D, E, on the vertical side of the
bar, with the slot as Fi on the horizontal side.
Fig. 3, is a section showing the extended rib B, C, on the horizontal side of
the bar, with the slot as F on the vertical side..
Fig. 4 is the front elevation of my "grate back, with downtake chamber."
C, C, is a metal casting having an opening A, A, into the downtake chamber.
B, B are the slots, and D D the perforations leading as described into the
downtake chamber.
R, is an ordinary slide damper.
M is a soot door.
N is a damper at the base of the flue exit.
Fig. 5, is the side section of the grate back with downtake chamber showing
the position of these in an ordinary grate, and also the position of my grating
bar.
HH is the sectional view of the downtake chamber.
GG are recesses in the back of the downtake chamber extending inwords

page_text: B show the slots and D, the perforations in the grate back, leading into the
downtake chamber.
P, is a section of a perforated pipe running across the downtake chamber.
R, is the adjusting slide damper to regulate the air supply at S.
S, is an air inlet leading into the downtake chamber.
M, is a soot door.
O, is a section of the grating bar showing its position in the fire grate.
WXYZ are the ordinary bars of the grate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. This specially constructed grating bar in fire grates with slotted air inlets &
ribbed projections as hereinbefore described & shown in Figs. 1 to 3.
2. The combination of downtake chamber with heat and air inlets, recesses,
and dampers as herein before described and as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
EDWIN COLE.