IMPROVE- MENTS IN MOVEMENTS OR ACTIONS FOR SWING FRAME LOOKING GLASSES, SWING WINDOWS. SHOW CASE DOORS, AND OTHER SWING FRAMES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Howes Howes, of Curtain Road, Shore-
ditch, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MOVEMENTS OR ACTIONS FOR SWING FRAME LOOKING GLASSES,
SWING WINDOWS. SHOW CASE DOORS, AND OTHER SWING FRAMES."
Scaled the 16th April 1869, and dated the 19th October 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Howes Howes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 19th October 1868.
I, WILLIAM HOWES HOWES, of Curtain Road, Shoreditch, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOVEMENTS OR ACTIONS, FOR SWING FRAME LOOKING
GLASSES, SWING WINDOWS, SHOW CASE DOORS, AND OTHER SWING FRAMES," to be
as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in movements or
actions for swing frame looking glasses, swing windows, show case
doors, and other swing frames. For this purpose instead of employing
the ordinary screws and nuts, or the cup-and-ball action now in use,
I form one part of the movement with a cylindrical stud or pin which

page_text: passes through a corresponding hole or bearing formed in the other
part. And in order to enable the swing frame to rest in any position
to which it may be turned I employ a washer formed to fit a square
formed on the outer end of the pin, and I pass, a screw into the end of
the pin to force the washer upt to the bearing, and at the same time to
bind the bearing to the extent required between the washer and a
shoulder formed on the pin. I in some cases also employ a washer
between the shoulder and the bearing; or instead of binding the parts
together as above described for the purpose of causing the swing frame
to rest in any desired position, I in some cases form on or fix to the
pin a toothed segment, which takes into a moveable toothed rack which
is bound close up to the segment by means of screws acting to force. a
back plate, up to the checks or bearings, a suitable amount of play
being left for adjustment as wear takes place. In some cases instead
of using the moveable toothed rack above described I employ a worm
or screw in one part of the movement, which takes into the toothed
segment in the other part before described; or a spring catch may be
employed on one part of the movement to take into rachet teeth formed
on a segment fixed to the other part.
PECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Howes Howes in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 19th April 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
HOWES HOWES, of Curtain Road, Shoreditch, in the County of Middlesex,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Howes Howes, Her special
licence that I, the said William Howes Howes, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Howes Howes,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,

page_text: use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MOVEMENTS OR ACTIONS FOR SWING FRAME LOOKING GLASSES,
SWING WINDOWS, SHOW CASE DOORS, AND OTHER SWING FRAMES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Howes Howes;
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and 'cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Howes Howes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The Invention has for its object improvements in actions for swing-
frame looking glasses, swing windows, show-case doors, and other swing
frames. For this purpose, instead of employing the ordinary screws and
nuts or the cup-and-ball action now in use, I form one part of the
movement with a cylindrical stud or pin which passes through a corre:
sponding hole or bearing formed in the other part. And in order.to
enable the swing frame to rest in any position to which it may be turned
I employ a washer formed to fit a square formed on the outer end of the
pin, and I pass a screw into the end of the pin to force the washer up
to the bearing, and at the same time to bind the bearing to the extent
required between the washer and a shoulder formed on the pin: I in
some cases also employ a washer between the shoulder and the bearing:
Or instead of binding the parts together as above described, for the
purpose of causing the swing frame to rest in any desired position, I
in some cases form on or fix to the pin a toothed segment, which takes
into a moveable toothed rack which is bound close up to the segment by
means of screws acting to force a back plate up to the checks or bearings,
à suitable amount of play being left for adjustment as wear takes place:
In some cases instead of using the moveable toothed rack above described
I employ a worm or screw in one part of the movement, which takes
into the toothed segment in the other part before described; or a spring
catch may be employed on one part of the movement to take into ratchet
teeth formed on a segment fixed to the other part.

page_text: And in order that my Invention may be more clearly understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying
Drawings, more fully to describe the come
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS,
in the various Figures of which similar parts are marked with similar
letters of reference.
Figures 1 and 2 are two elevations of an action constructed according
to my Invention, and suitable to be applied to a swing frame looking
glass or other similar article; Figures 3, 4, and 5 are views of some of
the parts separately.
a is a plate, which is screwed to the standards or frame upon which
the swing glass or frame is supported; to such plate a a pin or stud b
is rivetted or otherwise secured; c is another plate, which is screwed to
the swing glass or frame; this plate c has fixed thereto a lug or pro-
jection in which a cylindrical hole c¹ is formed. On the stud or pin b
are formed a shoulder b', a cylindrical part or axis 63, and a square b³;
the part 6 is passed within the hole c³, and a washer d having a square
hole formed therein is passed over the square &, when a screw e taking
into a suitable female screw formed within the stud or pin 6 is screwed
up until the bearing or projection c¹ is bound to the extent required
between the washers d and d₁; if desired the washer d¹ may be dispensed
with, and the shoulder caused to come close up to the bearing or
projection c¹.
Figures 6 and 7 are elevations, and Figure 8 is a plan of an action
slightly modified from the foregoing in the form of some of the parts,
and suitable to be employed with a fanlight or other similar swing
frame.
Figures 9 and 10 are elevations, and Figures 11 are separate views
of parts of an action having a plate f and thumbscrews g applied.
thereto, whereby to facilitate the removal of the swing frame from its
supports. In this case the plato a is screwed to the standards or
supports, as in the previous cases, but instead of screwing the plate c
direct to the swing frame an intermediate plate f is screwed to such
swing frame, and the plate c is secured thereto by means of thumb-
screws g, g, as shewn. In the actions shown. at Figures 6, 7, 8, 9,
and 10 the washer d' is dispensed with.

page_text: Figures 12 and 13 are elevations of an action in which a toothed
segment h fixed on the stud or pin 6 takes into a toothed rack i which
works between the cheeks j, and is pressed up to the toothed segment h
by the back plate c, which is connected to the cheeks j by screws, as
shewn, a suitable amount of play being left between the cheeks ; and
the plate c to provide for adjustment as wear takes place. Instead of
using the toothed rack i I sometimes employ a worm or screw k, as
shewn at Figure 14, to take into the toothed segment h, so that by
turning such worm or screw in one or the other direction by means
of the thumb picce k¹ the swing frame may be moved and retained in
position as required.
Figure 15 shews another modification in which a spring catch or
stop is employed to act upon the teeth of the segment h, and thereby
hold the swing frame in any required position, a projection 1* being
connected to the spring 1, so as to enable the catch. to be removed
from the toothed segment when it is required to alter the position
of the swing frame.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode
in which I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that I
do not confine myself to the precise details herein shewn and described,
nor do I claim the various parts separately considered; but what I do
claim is, the novel arrangements and combinations forming movements
or actions for swing frame looking glasses, swing windows, show case
doors, and other swing frames, substantially as herein shewn and
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Howes Howes, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of April, in tho
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
0 Witness,
FRED. HARRIS,
Patent Agent,
35, Southampton Buildings.
W. H. HOWES. (L.S.)