IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE AND SULPHUROUS OR OTHER NOXIOUS VAPORS
Year: 1884

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I, WILLIAM EDMUND LEYLAND of 45 Liverpool Road St. Helens in the County
of Lancaster Bricklayer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE
AND SULPHUROUS OR OTHER NOXIOUS VAPORS to be as follows:--
The object of this Invention is principally to afford a means for consuming or
purifying smoke and sulphurous or other noxious vapors in the flue or flues leading
from the fixed furnace or other place where such smoke or vapors are produced or
evolved, to the chimney or other shaft by which the same is, or are, conducted to
the atmosphere, but the Invention is also equally applicable (with obvious slight
variations) to the chimneys of locomotive or portable engines.
For this purpose I construct in a convenient part of the flue an auxiliary furnace
having a domed or arched top and provided with a door for feeding the same with
fuel either from the side or above, and so situated that all smoke or other noxious
vapor shall be compelled to pass over or through such auxiliary furnace on its way
to the chimney or shaft.
In front of this auxiliary furnace (that is on the side nearest to the furnace or
other place whence the smoke or noxious vapour emanates) I build across the flue
(say) two perforated walls or partitions the perforations in the first wall not being
opposite to those of the second wall, and at or about this part 1 insert in the sides
of the flue gratings or other similar devices to admit a supply of oxygen or
atmospheric air.
Immediately beyond the auxiliary furnace I also build across the flue a series of
similar perforated walls (say from four to six) a convenient way of making such
walls being to build them of brickwork leaving interstices between the bricks at
suitable intervals.
It will be evident that all smoke or noxious vapors passing along the flue will
first be mixed with the oxygen or atmospheric air entering at the gratings and in
passing over or through the auxiliary furnace and through the perforations of the
heated walls or partitions will become effectually consumed and their noxious
qualities will thereby be destroyed or eliminated and the heated air or vapor-thus
purified may be applied to a variety of useful purposes.
Dated the 3rd day of January 1884.

page_text: I, WILLIAM EDMUND LEYLAND Bricklayer No. 45, Liverpool Road Saint Helens
Lancashire do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE AND SULPHUROUS
OR OTHER NOXIOUS VAPOURS, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention consists of a series of walls of perforated brickwork, which are
placed at certain distances along the main-flue, and are so arranged that the
passages marked C in the end section (as shown in Drawing), in one wall of
brickwork are not opposite the passages in the next.
Between the brickwork marked B¹ and B' in plan, there is a stove which heats
the whole length of the burning arrangement. Over this stove there is a semi-
circular dome, which serves as a receiver for the smoke. By the stove the speed
of draught is increased twofold.
The smoke passes along the flue A, through the perforated brickwork B, by the
smoke-flues C, and enters the heated-air chamber D, in which the greater part of
the smoke is consumed. Air is admitted into this chamber by means of a
perforated ventilation-grating, which is placed in the side of the chamber, and by
this grating the admission of the air into the chamber is regulated. The remainder
of the smoke passes through the smoke-flues C', into the dome-receiver over the
stove, in which the smoke is further consumed. What little smoke is left passes
through the smoke-flues C, into the heated-air chamber D¹, in which it is almost
totally consumed. Into this chamber, and also into chamber D³, air is admitted
by a ventilation grating. To make it impossible for any smoke to escape by the
chimney stack, two chambers E, and E', serve as hot-air receivers. The smoke
mixes with the hot air in these chambers and passes through the smoke flues C³,
into the heated-air chamber D³, where it is totally consumed.
Small iron-doors G, are placed at the entrance to each air-chamber, for the
purpose of cleaning out dust."
This Invention will save 20 per-cent. in fuel, if the beat is allowed to escape by
the chimney stack; and if this heat is utilized a saving of 60 per-cent. can be
effected, as the heat is considerably greater after passing through the dome and
perforated brickwork.
Sulphurous and other noxious vapours are consumed in the same manner as
smoke, viz. by passing through the perforated brickwork and dome. Tall chimney
stacks are unnecessary for this Invention.
This Invention can also be applied to the funnels of steam ships and locomotives,
with the exception of the stove which is unnecessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. The arrangement of the parts in the apparatus for consuming smoke and
sulphurous and other noxious vapours, herein described.

page_text: Second. The arrangement of the walls of perforated brickwork, and heated air
chambers and dome, in the main flue, in which all smoke and other noxious vapours
are consumed, as herein described.
Third. The admission of air into the chambers through the sides of the flue,
which mixes with the smoke or other noxious vapours, as herein described.
Dated thie Seventeenth day of March 1884