Improvements in Apparatus for Shipping or Transferring Coal and other Materials.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 11th June, 1887
Complete Left, 8th Mar., 1888.
Complete Accepted, 13th Apr., 1888
Improvements in Apparatus for Shipping or Transferring Coal and
other Materials.
I, PERCY GRAHAM BUCHANAN WESTMACOTT, of the Elswick Works, Newcastle
upon Tyne, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to transfer coal and other materials from railway
trucks with as little breakage as possible, into boxes to be discharged into the hold of
a ship or other receptacle.
The apparatus consists of a frame pivotted at one end. This frame when horizontal
receives the box lying on its side at the end next to the pivot and the railway truck
at the other end, a hopper being interposed between the box and truck. When a
full truck has been run on to the frame its end flap is unfastened and then the frame
with the box hopper and truck is raised turning about its pivot and the coal or other
material gradually runs down from the truck through the hopper into the box.
The box is carried upon a secondary frame pivotted to the main tipping frame.
When the main frame has been revolved through a sufficient angle all the coal will
have left the truck and passed into the box. The main frame is then lowered bringing
the empty truck back to the level of the rails. The truck is then run away and is
replaced by a full one. Meanwhile the tilting of the secondary frame with the box is
continued until the box is in a vertical position when it is removed by a crane.and
emptied. It or another empty box is then placed on the frame and brought into
position to receive the coal from a truck in a similar manner.
I prefer to give all the movements by hydraulic cylinders for raising the main
tipping frame I employ two cylinders, a large one for giving the first part of the lift,
and a smaller one for the latter part of the lift which requires less power much of the
coal having flowed towards the pivot. These two cylinders are preferably placed end
to end. The independent motion of the secondary frame is given by a separate
cylinder.
I prefer to employ a vibrating jib for lifting and luffing out the box; it is attached
to the framing carrying the pivotting frame and machinery but an independent crane

page_text: of an ordinary type can be employed for working the box, in which case the pivotting
frame and machinery will be carried on an independent framing.
This apparatus with the crane combined or in conjunction with an independent
crane can be made fixed or moveable.
In order to meet cases where it may not be convenient or expedient to use a box
taking the full truck load of coals I employ smaller boxes and use stop flaps or doors
to regulate the flow of coal into them.
In place of mounting the secondary frame which carries the coal box upon the
main tipping frame I sometimes hinge the secondary frame upon the fixed framing
of the apparatus, the joint in this case is near the mouth of the coal box and when
the secondary frame is raised the coal box lies in it in a horizontal position presenting
its mouth to be filled.
The main tipping frame in this case is much shorter than previously as it no
longer carries the coal box upon it but only the truck and hopper. The pivot of
this frame is no longer on the fixed framing but upon a cradle moveable up
and down.
In working the apparatus the tipping frame having received the loaded coal truck
upon it is lifted bodily up to the coal box; then the tipping takes place which causes
the coal to be delivered from the truck into the box. The mouth of the hopper is
provided with a flap or door hinged by its lower edge and either weighted to keep
it closed or controlled by hydraulic gear. The flap is provided with side cheeks,
and when open it forms a conductor from the mouth of the hopper into the coal
box. When the tipping frame is inclined sufficiently to cause the delivery of the
coal from the truck the coal runs into the hopper until it is stopped by the door at
its mouth. The door then opens and the coal commences to enter the box whilst
the same is in an horizontal position. Then the frame carrying the coal box is
lowered, turning about the hinge and the box gradually assumes a vertical position
whilst it fills.
During this time the flap of the hopper serves to guide the coal to the centre of the
coal box and the box may be filled to the top. The box may be of a size to contain
an entire truck load or it may be of a smaller size as the descent of the coal
can be stopped when the box is full, by closing the door at the mouth of the
hopper.
With apparatus thus arranged the breakage of the coal is reduced to a minimum.
In some cases it is required that the coal truck, when empty shall be run off from
the apparatus at a higher level than that at which the truck enters upon it; in this
case 1 so arrange that the truck when upon the tipping frame stands, not directly
upon this frame, but upon an auxiliary frame jointed to it. This auxiliary frame
does not come into operation until the truck has been emptied in the manner already
described, but this having been done the auxiliary frame is caused to tip and to
incline away from the wharf wall, the empty wagon then runs down the inclined
frame and passes on to a line of railway which leads it away.
Dated this 11th day of June 1887.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Shipping or Transferring Coal and
other Materials.
I, PERCY GRAHAM BUCHANAN WESTMACOTT, of the Elswick Works, Newcastle
upon Tyne, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to transfer coal and other materials from railway
trucks with as little breakage or loss of time as possible, into boxes to be discharged
into the hold of a ship or other receptacle.
The apparatus consists of a frame pivoted at one end. This frame when horizontal
receives the box lying on its side at the end next to the pivot and the railway truck
at the other end, a hopper being interposed between the box and truck.
When a
full truck has been run on to the frame its end flap is unfastened and then the frame
with the box hopper and truck is raised turning about its pivot and the coal or other
material gradually runs down from the truck through the hopper into the box.
The box is carried upon a secondary frame pivoted to the main tipping frame.
When the main frame has been revolved through a sufficient angle all the coal will
have left the truck and passed into the box. The main frame is then lowered bringing
the empty truck back to the level of the rails. The truck is then run away and is
replaced by a full one. Meanwhile the tilting of the secondary frame with the box
is continued until the box is in a vertical position when it is removed by a crane and
emptied. It or another empty box is then placed on the frame and brought into
position to receive the coal from a truck in a similar manner.
I prefer to give all the movements by hydraulic cylinders for raising the main
tipping frame I employ two cylinders, a large one for giving the first part of the lift,
and a smaller one for the latter part of the lift which requires less power much of the
coal having flowed towards the pivot. These two cylinders are preferably placed
end to end. The independent motion of the secondary frame is given by a separate
cylinder.
I prefer to employ a vibrating jib for lifting and luffing out the box, it is attached.
to the framing carrying the pivoting frame and machinery but an independent crane
of an ordinary type fixed or moveable can be employed for working the box, in
which caso the pivotting frame and machinery will be carried on an independent
framing.
This apparatus with the crane combined or in conjunction with an independent
crane can be made fixed or inoveable.
Figure 1 is a plan.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of an apparatus constructed in this manner.
a is the frame pivotted at a¹. b is the box to be filled with coal, it is received in

page_text: hopper interposed between the truck and the box. The positions of these parts before
the tilting commences is shown in full lines, the dotted lines indicating the position
when the frame a has been tilted to its full extent. The third or vertical position of
the secondary box c is also shown in dotted lines. is the hydraulic cylinder or
cylinders which raises the frame a by means of the chain preferably two cylinders f
are used, the larger one for giving the first part of the lift and the smaller one for the
latter part of the lift-this being a common device is not shown in the drawings.
g is a hydraulic cylinder for tilting the secondary frame c; it is mounted on
trunnions g¹.
his a cylinder for lifting and lowering the box and j is a cylinder for operating
the doors at its bottom. These are of the usual construction used by me and require
no description. The cylinder for luffing the jib does not appear in Figure 2 it is
situated behind the cylinder but is seen in Figure 1 at f".
In place of mounting the secondary frame which carries the coal box upon the
main tipping frame I sometimes hinge the secondary frame upon the fixed framing
of the apparatus, the joint in this case is near the mouth of the coal box and when the
secondary frame is raised the coal box lies in it in a horizontal position presenting its
mouth to be filled.
The main tipping frame in this case is much shorter than previously as it no longer
carries the coal box upon it but only the truck and hopper. The pivot of this frame
is no longer on the fixed framing but upon a cradle moveable up and down as in
ordinary coal hoists.
In working the apparatus the tipping frame having received the loaded coal truck
upon it is lifted bodily up to the coal box; then the tipping takes place which causes
the coal to be delivered from the truck into the box. The mouth of the hopper is
provided with a flap or door hinged by its lower edge and either weighted to keep it
closed or controlled by hydraulic or hand gear. The flap is provided with side cheeks
and when open it forms a conductor from the mouth of the hopper into the coal box.
When the tipping frame is inclined sufficiently to cause the delivery of the coal from
the truck the coal runs into the hopper until it is stopped by the door at its mouth.
The door then opens and the coal commences to enter the box whilst the same is in a
horizontal position. Then the frame carrying the coal box is lowered, turning about
the hinge and the box gradually assumes a vertical position whilst it fills.
During this time the flap of the hopper serves to guide the coal to the centre of the
coal box and the box may be filled to the top. The box may be of a size to contain
an entire truck load or it may be of a smaller size as the descent of the coal can be
stopped when the box is full, by closing the door at the mouth of the hopper.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of an apparatus constructed in this way.
As before a is the frame pivoted at a bis the box to be filled with coal it is received
into the secondary frame c. This frame however in place of being pivoted at a¹ as in
the former arrangement is independently pivoted to the framework at c. d is the
railway truck and e the hopper. As shown the hopper is provided with a flap e¹
which, when in the position shown by dotted lines serves as a stop to prevent coal
from escaping from the hopper and when turned down as shown by full lines, it
allows the coal to escape and serves as a guide for it. The bottom of the hopper may
form a screen in which case a shoot e" is provided as shown to lead the screenings to
the truck d¹.
The frame c receiving the box is turned by means of a bridle chain c² attached to
the lifting chains or it may be worked by a hydraulic cylinder or other devices may
be employed.
The hydraulic cylinder controlling the movement of the frame c is preferably a
cataract cylinder so that the attendant cannot let the frame drop too suddenly.
In this figure the frame a is lifted by one hydraulic cylinder F and
another F¹ in the usual way.
tilted by
The hopper is shown pivoted independently of the frame and is turned by the
cylinder k mounted on trunnions on the framing of the apparatus but the hopper
may be supported on the frame a as before.

page_text: In some cases when for instance no screening is required a fixed inclined hopper
may be used having a door at its lower end.
The rails upon which the truck runs are shown in the drawings at right angles to
the quay wall, but sometimes it may be convenient to have them parallel to it in
which case the hopper would be so constructed that the truck could empty sideways
into it but the arrangements in other respects would remain the same.
In order to meet cases where it may not be convenient or expedient to use a box
taking the full truck load of coals I in all the above described arrangements may
employ smaller boxes and use stop flaps or doors to regulate the flow of coal
into them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In apparatus for shipping or transferring coal and other materials a tilting frame
to receive the box to be filled substantially as described.
2. Apparatus substantially as described for shipping or transferring coal and other
materials in which apparatus the truck to be unloaded, a guide hopper or funnel, and
the receiving box, are carried by a tipping frame and are simultaneously inclined,
whereby, without any direct drop (but by sliding down an incline) the coal or other
material is caused to pass from the truck and to fill the box.
3. Apparatus substantially as described for shipping or transferring coal and
other materials, in which apparatus the truck to be unloaded and a guide hopper or
funnel are carried by a frame and the receiving box by another frame; such frames
being moveable about axes in such manner that by inclining them the coal or other
material is caused to pass, without direct drop, from the truck to the box.
4. Apparatus substantially as described for shipping or transferring coal and other
materials in which apparatus the truck to be unloaded is carried by a frame and tho
receiving box by another frame such frames being moveable about axes in such
manner that by inclining them the coal or other material is caused to pass without
direct drop from the truck to the box.
5. Apparatus for shipping or transferring coal and other materials in which the
receiving box is controlled by a hydraulic cylinder or equivalent mechanism so that
during or after filling it can be gradually brought to a more or less erect position
thereby lessening the breakage of the coal or mineral.
6. Apparatus substantially as described in connection with Figures 1 and 2 of the
drawings.
7. Apparatus substantially as described in connection with Figure 3 of the
drawings.
Dated thin fil dave of Wahun 1000

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Shipping or Transferring Coal and
other Materials.
I, PERCY GRAHAM BUCHANAN WESTMACOTT, of the Elswick Works, Newcastle
upon Tyne, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to transfer coal and other materials from railway
trucks with as little breakage as possible, into boxes be discharged into the hold of
a ship or other receptacle.
The apparatus consists of a frame pivotted at one end. This frame when horizontal
receives the box lying on its side at the end next to the pivot and the railway truck
at the other end, a hopper being interposed between the box and truck. When a
full truck has been run on to the frame its end flap is unfastened and then the frame
with the box hopper and truck is raised turning about its pivot and the coal or other
material gradually runs down from the truck through the hopper into the box.
The box is carried upon a secondary frame pivotted to the main tipping frame.
When the main frame has been revolved through a sufficient angle all the coal will
have left the truck and passed into the box. The main frame is then lowered bringing
the empty truck back to the level of the rails. The truck is then run away and is
replaced by a full one. Meanwhile the tilting of the secondary frame with the box is
continued until the box is in a vertical position when it is removed by a crane and
emptied. It or another empty box is then placed on the frame and brought into
position to receive the coal from a truck in a similar manner.
I prefer to give all the movements by hydraulic cylinders for raising the main
tipping frame I employ two cylinders, a large one for giving the first part of the lift,
and a smaller one for the latter part of the lift which requires less power much of the
coal having flowed towards the pivot. These two cylinders are preferably placed end
to end. The independent motion of the secondary frame is given by a separate
cylinder.
I prefer to employ a vibrating jib for lifting and luffing out the box: it is attached
to the framing carrying the pivotting frame and machinery but an independent crane

page_text: of an ordinary type can be employed for working the box, in which case the pivotting
frame and machinery will be carried on an independent framing.
This apparatus with the crane combined or in conjunction with an independent
crane can be made fixed or moveable.
In order to meet cases where it may not be convenient or expedient to use a box
taking the full truck load of coals I employ smaller boxes and use stop flaps or doors
to regulate the flow of coal into them.
In place of mounting the secondary frame which carries the coal box upon the
main tipping frame I sometimes hinge the secondary frame upon the fixed framing
of the apparatus, the joint in this case is near the mouth of the coal box and when
the secondary frame is raised the coal box lies in it in a horizontal position presenting
its mouth to be filled.
The main tipping frame in this case is much shorter than previously as it no
longer carries the coal box upon it but only the truck and hopper. The pivot of
this frame is no longer on the fixed framing but upon a cradle moveable up
and down.
In working the apparatus the tipping frame having received the loaded coal truck
upon it is lifted bodily up to the coal box; then the tipping takes place which causes
the coal to be delivered from the truck into the box. The mouth of the hopper is
provided with a flap or door hinged by its lower edge and either weighted to keep
it closed or controlled by hydraulic gear. The flap is provided with side checks,
and when open it forms a conductor from the mouth of the hopper into the coal
box. When the tipping frame is inclined sufficiently to cause the delivery of the
coal from the truck the coal runs into the hopper until it is stopped by the door at
its mouth. The door then opens and the coal commences to enter the box whilst
the same is in an horizontal position. Then the frame carrying the coal box is
lowered, turning about the hinge and the box gradually assumes a vertical position
whilst it fills.
During this time the flap of the hopper serves to guide the coal to the centre of the
coal box and the box may be filled to the top. The box may be of a size to contain
an entire truck load or it may be of a smaller size as the descent of the coal
can be stopped when the box is full, by closing the door at the mouth of the
hopper.
With apparatus thus arranged the breakage of the coal is reduced to a minimum.
In some cases it is required that the coal truck, when empty shall be run off from
the apparatus at a higher level than that at which the truck enters upon it; in this
case I so arrange that the truck when upon the tipping frame stands, not directly
upon this frame, but upon an auxiliary frame jointed to it. This auxiliary frame
does not come into operation until the truck has been emptied in the manner already
described, but this having been done the auxiliary frame is caused to tip and to
incline away from the wharf wall, the empty wagon then runs down the inclined
frame and passes on to a line of railway which leads it away.
Dated this 11th day of June 1887.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Shipping or Transferring Coal and
other Materials.
1, PERCY GRAHAM BUCHANAN WESTMACOTT, of the Elswick Works, Newcastle
upon Tyne, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to transfer coal and other materials from railway
trucks with as little breakage or loss of time as possible, into boxes to be discharged
into the hold of a ship or other receptacle.
The apparatus consists of a frame pivoted at one end. This frame when horizontal
receives the box lying on its side at the end next to the pivot and the railway truck
at the other end, a hopper being interposed between the box and truck.
When a
full truck has been run on to the frame its end flap is unfastened and then the frame
with the box hopper and truck is raised turning about its pivot and the coal or other
material gradually runs down from the truck through the hopper into the box.
The box is carried upon a secondary frame pivoted to the main tipping frame.
When the main frame has been revolved through a sufficient angle all the coal will
have left the truck and passed into the box. The main frame is then lowered bringing
the empty truck back to the level of the rails. The truck is then run away and is
replaced by a full one. Meanwhile the tilting of the secondary frame with the box
is continued until the box is in a vertical position when it is removed by a crane and
emptied. It or another empty box is then placed on the frame and brought into
position to receive the coal from a truck in a similar manner.
I prefer to give all the movements by hydraulic cylinders for raising the main
tipping frame employ two cylinders, a large one for giving the first part of the lift,
and a smaller one for the latter part of the lift which requires less power much of the
coal having flowed towards the pivot. These two cylinders are preferably placed
end to end. The independent motion of the secondary frame is given by a separate
cylinder.
I prefer to employ a vibrating jib for lifting and luffing out the box, it is attached
to the framing carrying the pivoting frame and machinery but an independent crane
of an ordinary type fixed or moveable can be employed for working the box, in
which case the pivotting frame and machinery will be carried on an independent
framing.
This apparatus with the crane combined or in conjunction with an independent
crane can be made fixed or moveable.
Figure 1 is a plan.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of an apparatus constructed in this manner.
a is the frame pivotted at a¹. bis the box to be filled with coal. it is received in
the secondary frame c which is also pivotted at a¹. d is the railway truck and e is a

page_text: hopper interposed between the truck and the box. The positions of these parts before
the tilting commences is shown in full lines, the dotted lines indicating the position
when the frame a has been tilted to its full extent. The third or vertical position of
the secondary box is also shown in dotted lines. f is the hydraulic cylinder or
cylinders which raises the frame a by means of the chain f¹ preferably two cylinders f
are used, the larger one for giving the first part of the lift and the smaller one for the
latter part of the lift-this being a common device is not shown in the drawings.
g is a hydraulic cylinder for tilting the secondary frame e; it is mounted on
trunnions g¹.
h. is a cylinder for lifting and lowering the box and is a cylinder for operating
the doors at its bottom. These are of the usual construction used by me and require
no description. The cylinder for luffing the jib does not appear in Figure 2 it is
situated behind the cylinder f but is seen in Figure at f¹¹
In place of mounting the secondary frame which carries the coal box upon the
main tipping frame I sometimes hinge the secondary frame upon the fixed framing
of the apparatus, the joint in this case is near the mouth of the coal box and when the
secondary frame is raised the coal box lies in it in a horizontal position presenting its
mouth to be filled.
The main tipping frame in this case is much shorter than previously as it no longer
carries the coal box upon it but only the truck and hopper. The pivot of this frame
is no longer on the fixed framing but upon a cradle moveable up and down as in
ordinary coal hoists.
In working the apparatus the tipping frame having received the loaded coal truck
upon it is lifted bodily up to the coal box; then the tipping takes place which causes
the coal to be delivered from the truck into the box. The mouth of the hopper is
provided with a flap or door hinged by its lower edge and either weighted to keep it
closed or controlled by hydraulic or hand gear. The flap is provided with side cheeks
and when open it forms a conductor from the mouth of the hopper into the coal box.
When the tipping frame is inclined sufficiently to cause the delivery of the coal from
the truck the coal runs into the hopper until it is stopped by the door at its mouth.
The door then opens and the coal commences to enter the box whilst the same is in a
horizontal position. Then the frame carrying the coal box is lowered, turning about
the hinge and the box gradually assumes a vertical position whilst it fills.
During this time the flap of the hopper serves to guide the coal to the centre of the
coal box and the box may be filled to the top. The box may be of a size to contain
an entire truck load or it may be of a smaller size as the descent of the coal can be
stopped when the box is full, by closing the door at the mouth of the hopper.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of an apparatus constructed in this way.
As before a is the frame pivoted at a¹ is the box to be filled with coal it is received
into the secondary frame c. This frame however in place of being pivoted at a' as in
the former arrangement is independently pivoted to the framework at c. dis the
railway truck and e the hopper. As shown the hopper is provided with a flap el
which, when in the position shown by dotted lines serves as a stop to prevent coal
from escaping from the hopper and when turned down as shown by full lines, it
allows the coal to escape and serves as a guide for it. The bottom of the hopper may
form a screen in which case a shoot e" is provided as shown to lead the screenings to
the truck d¹.
The frame c receiving the box is turned by means of a bridle chain attached to
the lifting chains or it may be worked by a hydraulic cylinder or other devices may
be employed.
The hydraulic cylinder controlling the movement of the frame c is preferably a
cataract cylinder so that the attendant cannot let the frame drop too suddenly.
In this figure the frame a is lifted by one hydraulic cylinder F and is tilted by
another in the usual way.
The hopper is shown pivoted independently of the frame and is turned by the
cylinder mounted on trunnions on the framing of the apparatus but the hopper
niay be supported on the frame a as before.

page_text: In some cases when for instance no screening is required a fixed inclined hopper
may be used having a door at its lower end.
The rails upon which the truck runs are shown in the drawings at right angles to
the quay wall, but sometimes it may be convenient to have them parallel to it in
which case the hopper would be so constructed that the truck could empty sideways
into it but the arrangements in other respects would remain the same.
In order to meet cases where it may not be convenient or expedient to use a box
taking the full truck load of coals I in all the above described arrangements may
employ smaller boxes and use stop flaps or doors to regulate the flow of coal
into them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In apparatus for shipping or transferring coal and other materials a tilting frame
to receive the box to be filled substantially as described.
2. Apparatus substantially as described for shipping or transferring coal and other
materials in which apparatus the truck to be unloaded, a guide hopper or funnel, and
the receiving box, are carried by a tipping frame and are simultaneously inclined,
whereby, without any direct drop (but by sliding down an incline) the coal or other
material is caused to pass from the truck and to fill the box.
3. Apparatus substantially as described for shipping or transferring coal and
other materials, in which apparatus the truck to be unloaded and a guide hopper or
funnel are carried by a frame and the receiving box by another frame; such frames
being moveable about axes in such manner that by inclining them the coal or other
material is caused to pass, without direct drop, from the truck to the box.
4: Apparatus substantially as described for shipping or transferring coal and other
materials in which apparatus the truck to be unloaded is carried by a frame and the
receiving box by another frame such frames being moveable about axes in such
manner that by inclining them the coal or other material is caused to pass without
direct drop from the truck to the box.
5. Apparatus for shipping or transferring coal and other materials in which the
receiving box is controlled by a hydraulic cylinder or equivalent mechanism so that
during or after filling it can be gradually brought to a more or less erect position
thereby lessening the breakage of the coal or mineral.
6. Apparatus substantially as described in connection with Figures 1 and 2 of the
drawings.
7. Apparatus substantially as described in connection with Figure 3 of the
drawings..