Improvements in or connected with Means or Apparatus for Displaying Changing Advertisements or Pictures.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 30th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 9th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Means or Apparatus for
Displaying Changing Advertisements or Pictures.
I, CORNELIS FREDERIK ALEXANDER RÖELL of the Lyric Club Leicester
Square in the County of Middlesex, a Jonkheer of the Kingdom of Holland do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in or connected with means or apparatus
for displaying advertisements or pictures and has for its object to store a large
number of advertisements or pictures in a case of comparatively small dimensions
and to move forward and exhibit the same each in turn at a suitable window .or
aperture.
For this purpose
I employ a suitable case in the front of which I provide a
glazed window or aperture at which the advertisements or pictures are to be
exhibited.
Within the case and above the window or aperture I arrange a horizontal drum
or roller which at its ends mounted in bearings with capability of revolution and
I prevent any back action of this drum or roller by means of a ratchet wheel
fixed thereon engaging a pawl carried by some fixed part of the apparatus and upon
this drum or roller I removably fix at short intervals by their upper edges a
number of sheets or leaves of advertisements or pictures.
These sheets or leaves are composed of any suitable flexible material such as
woven fabric and the advertisements or pictures which are preferably printed upon
sheets of thin tough paper are cemented thereto, and each of these sheets or leaves
at its upper edge has a slat or bar fixed thereto which slides into an undercut
groove formed in the periphery of the drum or cylinder and the sheets.or leaves
are thus secured thereto with capability of easy removal for renewal or other
purposes whilst each sheet or leaf along its lower edge is weighted by means of a
bar or rod attached thereto so that it will hang vertically from the drum and for
the purpose hereinafter more fully described.
Within the case and below the window or aperture I mount with capability of
revolution in bearings a shaft which is driven at a slow rate of speed as hereinafter
described and upon the ends of this shaft I fix chain wheels and loosely upon the
axes of the drum or roller or upon separate studs or axes co-incident therewith I
mount corresponding chain wheels and around these chain wheels 1 pass endless
chains.
Upon each of these endless chains 1 mount at suitable corresponding intervals a
finger in such manner that in the travel of the chains two of the fingers will in
their ascent and at the proper time be projected so as to engage the ends of the
weighting rod of that sheet or leaf which is for the time being at the back of the
hanging group thereof and thus each rod in turn will be carried up over the drum
or roller when it will fall by gravity and take with it its sheet or leaf so that the
latter will hang in position to be exhibited at the window or aperture whilst the
fingers will in their descent and at the proper time be retracted so as to avoid
engaging the weighting rods until they again arrive in the correct position for
raising the same.
By these means the drum or roller is gradually rotated by the weight of each
leaf and its rod as it is carried over to the front thereof and inasmuch as the
weight of the sheets or leaves hanging from the drum or roller is equally distributed
on both sides of the axis thereof the power required to operate the machine is

page_text: very slight, the weight of one leaf plus the friction of the various parts of the
mechanism being all that it is necessary to overcome.
In some cases in lieu of a gradual movement to the chains and fingers I prefer
to give an intermittent sudden movement thereto and this I accomplish by the
following means.
Upon the shaft or one of the chain wheels thereof 1 fix one part of a ratchet
clutch the other part of which is formed upon the face of a toothed wheel loosely
mounted upon the axis of the shaft and to which wheel one end of a spring is
connected, the other end being attached to some fixed point.
Mounted upon a separate axis and so as to gear with the toothed clutch wheel
I employ a winding wheel which is driven by means of a worm wheel and worm
from any suitable motor and this winding wheel I notch or cut away at several
points upon its periphery in such manner that in the revolution of the winding
wheel the spring will be wound up until the continuity of the teeth of the winding
wheel is broken by a notch when the clutch wheel being freed therefrom will be
rapidly driven in the opposite direction by the spring and the clutch engaging the
shaft a rapid forward movement will be given to the chains and this movement will
be repeated at intervals regulated by the arrangement of the parts.
I preferably drive the shaft and endless chains by means of a strong spring or
it might be a weight and in order to automatically wind up the spring or weight
without the necessity for the employment of manual labour which would be
expensive and unreliable I employ the following device.
Upon a shaft or spindle driven by the main spring or weight I fix a toothed
wheel or shunt disc which gears with a pinion fixed upon the shaft of an electro
motor so that as the shunt disc is driven by the running down of the spring the
motor will simply run free but upon the electric circuit being completed with
the motor the latter will be driven and will through the pinion and shunt disc wind
up the spring.
In order to automatically make or break the circuit when the spring is run down
or wound up I employ a contact disc which is located upon one side of the shunt
disc and is connected with the motor and a post or terminal which is located upon
the opposite side of the shunt disc and is connected with one pole of an electric
battery.
Upon the post or terminal I mount with capability of sliding endwise a headed
contact piece and in the shunt disc i form a circular slot terminating at each end
in circular openings adapted to allow of the passage therethrough of the head of
the contact piece and upon the shunt disc I mount an inclined spring in such
manner that when the shunt disc in the running down of the spring brings one of
the large apertures of the slot opposite the head of the contact piece the spring
will press it or shunt it through such aperture and hold it in contact with the
contact disc thus completing the circuit and causing the motor to drive the shunt
disc in the opposite direction and wind up the spring.
When the spring is fully wound up and the other large aperture of the slot is
brought opposite to the headed contact piece the first inclined spring is carried
clear of the headed contact piece whilst a second spring acts thereon to retract
it and thus break the circuit and permit the main spring again to act as the
motor.
Dated this 28th day of January 1891
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Means or Apparatus for
Displaying Changing Advertisements or Pictures.
I, CORNELIS FREDERIK ALEXANDER RÖELL of the Lyric Club Leicester
Square in the County of Middlesex a Jonkheer of the Kingdom of Holland do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to improvements in or connected with means or apparatus
for displaying advertisements or pictures and has for its object to store a large
number of advertisements or pictures in a case of comparatively small dimensions
and to move forward and exhibit the same each in turn at a suitable window or
aperture.
For this purpose I employ a suitable case in the front of which I provide a
glazed window or aperture at which the advertisements or pictures are to be
exhibited.
I
Within the case and above the window or aperture 1 arrange a horizontal drum
or roller which is mounted with capability of revolution and I prevent any back
action of this drum or roller by means of a ratchet wheel and pawl and upon this
drum or roller I removeably fix at short intervals by their upper edges a number of
sheets or leaves of advertisements or pictures.
These sheets or leaves are composed of any suitable flexible material such as
woven fabric and the advertisements or pictures which are preferably printed upon
sheets of thin tough paper are cemented thereto and each of these sheets or leaves
at its upper edge has a slat or bar fixed thereto which slides into an undercut
groove formed in the periphery of the drum or cylinder and the sheets or leaves
are thus secured thereto with capability of easy removal for renewal or other
purposes whilst each sheet or leaf along its lower edge is weighted by means of
a bar or rod attached thereto so that it will hang vertically from the drum and for
the purpose hereinafter more fully described.
Within the case and below the window or aperture I mount with capability of
revolution in bearings a shaft which is driven at a slow rate of speed as hereinafter
described and upon short shafts geared therewith I mount chain wheels and loosely
upon the axes of the drum or roller or upon separate studs or axes coincident
therewith mount corresponding chain wheels and around these chain wheels I
pass endless chains.
Upon each of these endless chains I mount at suitable corresponding intervals a
finger in such manner that in the travel of the chains two of the fingers will in their
ascent and at the proper time be projected so as to engage the ends of the weighting
rod of that sheet or leaf which is for the time being at the back of the hanging
group thereof and thus each rod in turn will be carried up over the drum or roller
when it will fall by gravity and take with it its sheet or leaf so that the latter will
hang in position to be exhibited at the window or aperture whilst the fingers will in
their descent and at the proper time be retracted so as to avoid engaging the
weighting rods until they again arrive in the correct position for raising
the same.
By these means the drum or roller is gradually rotated by the weight of each
leaf and its rod as it is carried over to the front thereof and inasmuch as the weight
of the sheets or leaves hanging from the drum or roller is equally distributed on
both sides of the axis thereof the power required to operate the machine is very
slight, the weight of one leaf plus the friction of the various parts of the mechanism
being all that it is necessary to overcome.
I preferably drive the shaft and endless chains by means of a strong spring or it
might be a weight and in order to automatically wind up the spring or weight

page_text: without the necessity for the employment of manual labour which would be expensive
and unreliable I employ the following device:-
Upon a shaft or spindle driven by the main spring or weight 1 fix a toothed
wheel or shunt disc which gears with a pinion fixed upon the shaft of an electro
motor so that as the shunt disc is driven by the running down of the spring the
motor will simply run free but upon the electric circuit being completed with the
motor the latter will be driven and will through the pinion and shunt disc wind up
the spring.
In order to automatically make or break the circuit when the spring is run down
or wound up I employ a contact disc which is located upon one side of the shunt
disc and is connected with the motor and a post or terminal which is located upon
the opposite side of the shunt disc and is connected with one pole of an electric
battery.
Upon the post or terminal I mount with capability of sliding end wise a headed
contact piece and in the shunt disc I form a circular slot terminating at each
end in circular openings adapted to allow of the passage therethrough of the head
of the contact piece and upon the shunt disc I mount an inclined spring in such
manner that when the shunt disc in the running down of the main spring brings
one of the large apertures of the slot opposite the head of the contact piece the
spring will press it or shunt it through such aperture and hold it in contact with
the contact disc thus completing the circuit and causing the motor to drive the
shunt disc in the opposite direction and wind up the spring.
When the spring is fully wound up and the other large aperture of the slot is
brought opposite to the headed contact piece the first inclined spring is carried
clear of the headed contact piece whilst a second spring acts thereon to retract
it and thus break the circuit and permit the main spring again to act as
the motor.
In some cases in lieu of a gradual movement to the chains and fingers I prefer to
give an intermittent sudden movement thereto and this I accomplish by the
following means.
Upon a shaft conveying motion to the chain wheels I fix one part of a ratchet
clutch the other part of which is formed upon the face of a toothed wheel loosely
mounted upon the shaft and to the shaft of the shunt wheel or disc one end of a
spring is connected, the other end being attached to some fixed point.
Mounted upon a separate axis and so as to gear with a toothed wheel fixed
upon the shaft of the shunt wheel I employ a winding wheel which is driven by
means of a worm wheel and worm from any suitable motor and this winding wheel
I notch or cut away at several points upon its periphery in such manner that in
the revolution of the winding wheel the spring will be wound up until the continuity
of the teeth of the winding wheel is broken by a notch when the toothed wheel
gearing therewith being freed therefrom will be rapidly driven in the opposite
direction by the spring and the two parts of the clutch engaging a rapid forward'
movement will be given to the chains and this movement will be repeated at intervals
regulated by the arrangement of the parts.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed aided by the accompanying drawings more fully
to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a front elevation partly in section and with the front of the case.
partially broken away of an apparatus constructed according to my invention.
Figure 2 is a vertical transverse section thereof taken on the line 1-1 of
Figure 1.
Figure 3 is an end clevation of the skeleton frame and some connected parts
separately.
Figure 4 is a sectional end view of the drum or cylinder.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section thereof taken on the line 2—2 of Figure 4.

page_text: Figure 6 is a face view of the shunt mechanism showing the parts in position to
make contact.
Figure 7 is an edge view thereof.
Figure 8 is a similar view to Figure 6 but showing the parts in position to break
contact and
Figure 9 is an edge view thereof.
Figure 10 is an elevation with the skeleton frame removed of a modified
arrangement of parts.
Figure 11 is a front elevation thereof partly in section.
Figure 12 is an end view of some parts of the break mechanism.
Figure 13 is a view taken at right angles to Figure 12 and
Figure 14 is a plan of a portion of Figure 13.
In the several parts in which like parts are indicated by similar letters of
reference Figures 1, 2, and 3 are drawn to a reduced scale with relation to the
remainder of the figures.
Referring to Figures 1 to 9, and the upper part of Figure 10 a represents the
case of the apparatus which may be constructed of any suitable material and is
formed with a hinged door a' at the front thereof, provided with a glazed window
or aperture a✶ at which the advertisements or pictures are exhibited as herein--
after described and with a hinged door a² at the side thereof to afford access to the
mechanism.
Upon the interior of the case a is removeably fixed a skeleton metal frame b
within which the mechanism is built so that it may be removed bodily from the
case a for the purpose of repairs or otherwise.
At the upper part of the skeleton frame b is arranged a horizontal drum or
cylinder e which is mounted with capability of revolution upon a shaft or axis dat
its ends fixed in the side walls of the skeleton frame & where it is secured by
means of nuts d' screwing thereon and the drum or cylinder c is held in position
against endway movement at one end by a collar d² fixed upon the shaft d
and at the other end by the boss d of a ratchet wheel d³ which is fixed upon the
shaft d.
The object of the ratchet wheel d³ is to prevent any back action of the drum or
cylinder and for this purpose a spring pawl c* is fixed upon the end of the drum
or cylinder and constantly engages the ratchet wheel d³.
C
C
Upon the drum or cylinder c are removeably fixed at short intervals by their
upper edges a number of sheets or leaves e of advertisements or pictures composed
of any suitable flexible material such as woven fabric upon which the advertise-
ments or pictures which are preferably printed upon sheets of thin tough paper
are cemented.
Each of the sheets or leaves e at its upper edge has fixed thereto a slat or bar e¹
which may be composed of a strip of metal bent into a T form as represented in.
the drawings, and enclosing the upper edge of the leaf e which may be rivetted
thereto, and these slats or bars el are adapted to slide into undercut grooves cl
formed around the periphery of the drum or cylinder e by means of flanged bars or
strips e fixed thereto and the sheets or leaves e are thus secured to the drum or
cylinder c with capability of casy removal for renewal or other purposes.
In order to prevent the accidental endway movement of the slats or bars e in
the grooves and to lock them therein such grooves are at one end closed by
filling pieces ** whilst at the other end they are covered by the teeth e of a
notched stop ring which is mounted upon the end of the drum or cylinder c
with capability of revolution by means of headed studs c³ so that by turning the
ringe until its notches care in alignment with the grooves c* of the drum or
cylinder c those ends of such grooves will be uncovered and the slats or bars e¹
may then be readily withdrawn therefrom or placed therein, and in order to
prevent the accidental shifting of the notched disc c³ a spring stop is caused in
either of the two positions of the ring 2 to engage one or other of two notches c
formed in the ring c³.
C

page_text: In order to facilitate the insertion of the slats or bars e' in the grooves c¹* of
the drum or cylinder c an opening is formed in one side wall of the skeleton
Frame & in alignment with the axis d of the drum or cylinder so that by turning
the drum or cylinder c until the particular groove c¹ to which access is desired
arrives opposite the opening a slat e¹ together with its sheet or leaf e may
readily be placed in position or removed, whilst in order to complete the con-
tinuity of the inner surface of the side wall of the skeleton frame and thus
prevent the lower or weighting rods or bars hereinafter referred to of the sheets
or leaves e catching therein a door is employed which is hinged at 2* to the
frame and is formed to enter the opening and complete the continuity of the
surface of the wall of the skeleton frame as hereinbefore described whilst a
turn button 63 is employed to hold the door bin its closed position.
Each sheet or leaf e along its lower edge is weighted by means of a bar or rod e²
attached thereto, so that it will hang vertically from the drum or cylinder e and
also for the purpose hereinafter more fully described.
Within the case a and at the lower part of the window or aperture a¹* I mount
in bearings formed on the side walls of the skeleton frame short shafts or
axes f which are driven at a slow rate of speed as hereinafter described and upon
the inner ends of these short shafts are fixed chain wheels provided with guard
flanges to prevent the accidental contact of the sheets or leaves e with the
chain wheels and to act as guides but fixed to the weighting rods e² similar
guides being provided at the upper part of the frame band loosely upon the
fixed shaft d of the drum or cylinder c at each end thereof is mounted a corre-
sponding chain wheel f³ and around the chain wheels are passed endless
chain 9.
1
Upon each of these endless chains as suitable corresponding intervals is
provided a finger gl mounted with capability of a limited endway movement in
bearings formed in flanges * formed upon special links g* of the chain g provided
for that purpose, and each finger g is normally held in its projected position by
means of a spring at one end acting against a collar gl* fixed upon the finger g¹
and at the other end taking an abutment against one of the flanges g*1.
in
These fingers are so spaced upon the chains that in their ascent with the
chains g each pair will engage the opposite ends of one of the weighting rods e² of
a sheet or leaf e of the hanging group or cluster thereof and thus cach rod
turn will be carried up over the drun or cylinder e as indicated more particularly
at Figure 2; such rode will then fall by gravity and take with it its sheet or
leaf e so that the latter will hang in a position to be exhibited at the window or
aperture a¹*.
1**
The fingers gl are provided upon their inner ends with lateral projections or
heads which in the descent of the fingers g¹ and upon their arriving near to the
end of their downward traverse, will engage a cam plate g * fixed upon the side
wall of the skeleton frame and will be retracted and so held by such cam to avoid
engaging the weighting rods e² until the fingers gl again arrive in the correct
position for raising the same when they will be projected by the springs g² aided
by curved springs * carried by the side walls of the skeleton frame b.
In order to prevent any back action of the chain wheels and co-acting parts,
the shaft or axis of one of the chain wheels is provided exteriorally of the
walls with a ratchet wheel with which engages a pawl f** carried by
brackets from the skeleton frame b and inasmuch as both of the chain wheels f¹
are connected by gearing as next hereinafter described they will both be controlled
by the one ratchet wheel 2 and co-acting pawl f**.
3*
In order that the chain wheels f1 may be driven in unison upon each of the
short shafts fis fixed a toothed wheel which engages a corresponding toothed
wheel fixed upon the end of a counter shaft which is driven by the means
hereinafter described or it might be driven by other suitable means.
By these means the drum or cylinder e is gradually rotated by the weight of
each leaf e and its rod e as it is carried over to the front thereof by the fingers g¹

page_text: as hereinbefore described, and inasmuch as the weight of the sheets or leaves e
hanging from the drum or cylinder c is equally distributed on both sides of the
axis thereof, the power required to operate the machine is very slight, the weight
of one leaf e plus the friction of the various parts of the mechanism being all that
it is necessary to overcome.
The shafts of the chain wheels and the endless chains are preferably driven
by means of a strong spring or it might be a weight, and in order to automatically
wind up the spring or weight without the necessity for the employment of manual
labour which would be expensive and unreliable the following device is employed.
Upon the counter shaft is fixed a pinion which gears with a toothed wheel
fixed upon one end of a shaft i at one end mounted in a bearing formed in the
side wall of the skeleton frame and at the other end mounted in a bearing
formed in a bracket or standard ** fixed to the bottom of the skeleton frame b
and upon the shaft is mounted so as to be capable of endway movement in
relation thereto but fixed therewith as regards rotation one part of a clutch
which is kept up to its work by a spring * and loosely mounted upon the
shaft and held in place by a collar 3* is a pinion which gears with a
toothed wheel or shunt wheel or disc j fixed upon a shaft and which toothed
wheel engages a pinion k¹ fixed upon one end of a shaft. k upon the other end
of which is fixed a toothed wheel which engages a pinion upon the shaft
of an electro motor l.
Upon the shaft of the shunt wheel j is fixed one end of a spring j* the other
end of which is fixed to the bottom of the skeleton frame and the office of this
spring is to give motion through the shunt wheel pinion clutch and shaft i
toothed wheel and pinion ² to the counter shaft and thus to the endless chains g
and it will thus be seen that as the shaft is driven by the running down of the
spring the electro motor 7 will simply run free without doing any work, but upon
the electric circuit being completed with the motor as hereinafter described the
latter will be driven in the opposite direction and will through the pinion, toothed
wheel pinion k¹ and shunt wheel wind up the spring the clutch permitting
of this reverse movement to such parts without transmitting it to the shafts i h and
connected parts.
In order to automatically make and break the electric circuit when the spring /*
is either completely run down or fully wound up, a contact disc 2 is employed
which is formed with a central opening and supported free of the shaft j¹ by means
of a spring support which at its lower end forms a contact piece and is con-
nected by a conductor *** with one of the terminals of the electro motor the
other terminal 3* of the electro motor being connected by a conductor m with one
of the poles of a battery.
The other pole of the battery by a conductor m¹ electrically connected with a
terminal carried by an insulated post ja* in the upper part of which post 3* is
mounted with capability of sliding endwise therethrough a contact piece formed
with a head and a laterally projecting tail *** and the shunt wheel is formed
with a circular slot therein terminating at each end in large openings * adapted
to allow of the passage therethrough of the head of the contact piece jam
upon the shunt wheel is mounted an inclined spring in such manner that when,
the shunt wheel in the running down of the spring * brings one of the large
apertures of the slot opposite the head of the contact piece, the spring
will press or shunt it through such aperture and hold it in contact with the
contact disc as represented more particularly at Figures 6 and 7 and which
disc is itself held up to its work by the pressure of the spring * and thus com-
pleting the circuit and causing the motor to drive the shunt disc in the opposite
direction and wind up the spring j*.
When the spring is fully wound up and the large aperture of the slot is
brought opposite to the head * of the contact piece the inclined spring, is
carried clear of the head of the contact piece and a second spring acts
upon the tail *** thereof to retract it as represented more particularly at Figures 8

page_text: !
and 9 and thus break the circuit thereby permitting the main spring* again to act
as the motor and drive the endless chains and it will thus be seen that whenever
the main spring j* has run down a given distance it will automatically be wound up
by the electro motor 1.
In order to prevent the shunt wheel travelling beyond a given point either in
the running down or winding up of the spring stops are fixed upon the face
of the shunt wheel and by coming against the post arrest the shunt wheel j
in the correct positions for the passage therethrough of the contact piece j*.
In the arrangement represented at Figures 10 to 14 an arrangement of mechanism
is shown for giving a sudden intermittent movement to the endless chains and
fingers g in lieu of the gradual movement hereinbefore described.
For this purpose the counter shaft h and pinion are dispensed with and arc
replaced by the shaft which is prolonged to carry the toothed wheels /'.
The shunt wheel and co-acting parts are similar to those hereinbefore described,
and their action is the same, but in this example a worm is substituted for the
pinion upon the shaft of the electro motor and engages a worm wheel fixed
upon a shaft upon which is also fixed a mutilated toothed wheel formed with
breaks or notches in the continuity of its teeth for the purpose hereinafter
described and which wheel constitutes the winding wheel.
This winding wheel ¹ engages a smaller toothed wheel ** fixed upon the shaft j
of the shunt wheel and motion is thus communicated from the electro motor
through the worm wheel to the winding wheel and thus in the revolution of
the latter wheel the spring j* will be wound up until the continuity of the teeth of
the winding wheel is broken by a notch * arriving opposite the toothed
wheels ** when the shaft being freed it will be rapidly driven in the opposite
direction by the spring j* and the shunt wheel will through the clutch and
shaft i impart a sudden forward movement to the endless chains g and fingers gl
and this movement will be repeated at intervals regulated by the arrangement of
the parts the notches of the winding wheel being timed to agree with the
duration of the contact of the contact piece with the contact disc as will be
readily understood.
In order to prevent the momentin of the electro motor loverdriving the winding
wheel and thus bringing its teeth into engagement with the toothed wheel j**
during the running down of the spring * a break is employed which I will now
proceed to describe.
Upon the shaft of the electro motor is fixed a notched disc or wheel and
upon one of the standards or end frames of the motor is mounted upon a shaft or
axis of motion n' a spring finger at its end formed with a projection to engage
the notches of the wheel and this break finger is when the motor is out of
action that is to say during the running down of the spring j* pressed upon the
notched wheel by means of a cam fixed upon the shunt wheel shaft which
acts upon an arm² fixed upon the shaft or axes of the break finger whilst
when the spring is completely run down the depression * of the cam arrives
in position to allow the arm 2 to rise and consequently the break finger a to rise
out of contact with the notched wheel as represented at Figures 10, 11, and 12
and upon the rotation of the cam together with the shaft in the opposite
direction during the winding up of the spring the shoulder ** of the cam
presses out of its path the end of the arm of the spring break n which end is
formed in two parts laterally hinged together at an held in alignment by a
spring in such manner that it will act as a latch and enable the shoulder **
of the cam to slip past without depressing the break finger n whilst upon the
depression of the cam again arriving opposite the arın² the latch end thereof
will resume its normal position and upon the reverse movement of the cam j' during
the running down of the spring j* the arm ² will be acted upon thereby, to again
depress the break finger and hold the motor and connected parts against
accidental movement.
Although I have hereinhefore described the employment of an electro motor/

page_text: to automatically wind up the main spring j* I would have it understood that the
main spring or weight (if such be employed) may be wound up by hand or by other
suitable means, but when relying upon a spring to furnish the motive power
for any
length of time it will be evident that a longer and more powerful spring than that
hereinbefore shown must be employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
claim is:-
1. In apparatus for displaying advertisements or the like the combination of a
drum or cylinder mounted with capability of free revolution, a number of sheets or
leaves attached by their upper ends to the periphery of the drum or cylinder and
at their lower ends weighted and means for raising the lower end of each sheet or
leaf in turn and carrying it upward and over the drum or cylinder into position to
fall by gravity substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose
stated.
2. In apparatus for displaying advertisements or the like the combination of a
drum or cylinder mounted with capability of free revolution a number of sheets or
leaves attached by their upper ends to the periphery of the drum or cylinder and
at their lower ends weighted by means of rods or bars and driven endless chains
travelling independently of the drum or cylinder and provided at intervals with
means for engaging each weighting rod or bar in turn and carrying it upward and
over the drum or cylinder in position to descend by gravity substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.
3. In apparatus for displaying advertisements or the like the combination with
an endless chain or chains of a number of lifting fingers arranged at intervals
around the chains and adapted to be retracted and projected and means for retracting
and projecting the fingers at the desired times substantially as herein shown and
described and for the purpose stated.
4. In apparatus for displaying advertisements or the like the combination of a
drum or cylinder mounted with capability of free revolution, a number of sheets or
leaves attached by their upper ends to the periphery of the drum or cylinder and
at their lower ends weighted by means of rods or bars and driven endless chains
travelling independently of the drum or cylinder and provided at intervals with a
number of fingers adapted to be retracted and projected so as to avoid or engage
the weighting rods or bars and means for retracting and projecting the fingers at the
desired times substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose
stated.
5. In apparatus for displaying advertisements or the like the combination of a
drum or cylinder mounted with capability of free revolution and provided around
its periphery with a number of longitudinal undercut grooves and a number of
sheets or leaves provided upon their upper edges with slats or bars to slide into the
grooves of the drum or cylinder substantially as herein shown and described and
for the purpose stated.
6. In apparatus for displaying advertisements or the like the combination of a
spring or weight for giving motion thereto and an electro-motor arranged to
automatically wind up the spring or weight substantially as herein shown and
described.
7. In apparatus for displaying advertisements or the like the combination of a
spring or weight for giving motion thereto an electro-motor placed in an electric
circuit and arranged to automatically wind up the spring or weight and means for
automatically completing and breaking the circuit when the spring or weight is run
down or wound up substantially as herein shown and described.
8. In apparatus for displaying advertisements or the like the combination of a
spring or weight for giving motion thereto an electro-motor placed in an electric
circuit and arranged to wind up the spring or weight on the completion of the
circuit, a shunt wheel formed with a circular slot therein terminating at each en in
1

page_text: a large opening, a headed contact piece mounted with capability of sliding in.a
contact post placed in the electric circuit a contact dise located behind the shunt
wheel and also placed in the circuit a spring incline carried by the shunt wheel.and
adapted to press or shunt the headed contact piece through one of the large
openings of the slot into contact with the contact disc and thus complete the
circuit a second spring incline upon the shunt wheel to withdraw the headed contact
piece and thus break the circuit and a ratchet clutch to prevent the electro-motor
driving the advertisement apparatus backwards during the winding up of the spring
or weight substantially as herein shown and described.
9. In apparatus for displaying advertisements or the like the combination of a
drum or cylinder, a number of sheets or leaves attached by their upper edges to
the drum and at their lower edges weighted endless chains provided with means for
carrying each sheet or leaf in turn upward and over the drum.or cylinder, a spring
or weight for driving the endless chains an electro-motor placed in an electric
circuit and arranged to automatically wind up the spring, or weight and means for
automatically completing and breaking the circuit substantially as herein shown
and described and for the purpose stated.
10. In apparatus for displaying advertisements or the like the combination of a
spring or weight for giving motion thereto an electro-motor placed in an electric
circuit and arranged to automatically wind up the spring or weight through a
winding wheel formed with breaks therein so as to suddenly free the spring or
weight and means for automatically breaking the circuit upon the freeing of the
spring or weight and completing the circuit when the same has run down substan-
tially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
11. The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting an apparatus
for displaying changing advertisements or pictures substantially as herein shown
and described and for the purpose stated.
Dated this 30th day of November 1891.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents..