Improvements in or in the Process of Brazing Metals.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 9th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 27th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 3rd Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or in the Process of Brazing Metals.
I, CHARLES JOHN HILL, of Russell House, Coventry, in the County of
Warwick, Watch. -Manufacturer (a communication to me from abroad by Alick
Sargeant Hill; of 239 Colombus Avenue, Boston, United States of America,
Cycle Depôt Manager), do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in, or in the process of uniting together
metals by brazing or hard soldering, as hereinafter described.
The process of brazing or hard soldering has heretofore been conducted by taking
metals to be united together, and. making clean and bright those parts to be brazed,
and then applying thereto a granulated soldering alloy intermixed with borax
moistened with water, then exposing the said metals to the action of the heat of a
clear fire of a forge, or to action of the flame of a blowpipe or the like, causing the
solder to run, and the intimate parts in contact to be soldered and united together
thereby.
Now by exposing of the metals to be united together to the fierce action of the
applied heat, the physical conditions or constitutions of the metals are materially
changed and deteriorated. Thus, hardened metals, such as steel, become softened
through the action of the heat, and the said metal also becomes scaled by combining
with the oxygen of the air, and further, the borax employed with the solder runs
upon the parts not united, and become difficult to remove.
By my invention, the process of brazing is conducted without changing the
physical constitutions of the metals united, scaling is considerably reduced and the
surfaces adjacent to soldered parts are less subject to borax incrustations.
In carrying out this new or improved process of brazing or hard soldering, I take
an alloy of copper or zinc, or any suitable brazing alloy, and I heat the same in a
casting or other pot or vessel until it has acquired a molten state, and into such a
mobile condition as to flow freely and evenly over the surface or surfaces or between
the parts to be united. The joint to be made, or the opposed parts of the joint or
union are then cleaned or made bright as usual, and each painted or, covered with a
thin coating of liquid or paste borax, (that is, pulverized borax moistened with
water) and when dry, the parts are placed in juxtaposition, and the article or
metals thus to be united are dipped or plunged into the molten soldering alloy, and
hence the brazing.
11
The parts thus united are then wiped with a greasy rag or cotton waste, which
removes all foreign matter and leaves the surface of the metal clean, and almost free
from scale and the like.
Assuming that an article, such as a junction part of a cycle, requires to be
brazed, I take the paste borax, and apply the same to the respective parts to be
united.
Then, when the said borax is perfectly dry, I heat the articles until they acquire
a uniform temperature, and when in this condition, the same are then dipped into
the molten soldering alloy, and the parts are united at the parts which have. been
painted with borax. The articles are dipped into the molten metal for a period of
about 10 to 15 seconds.
By this said invention, labour in dressing or filing up is considerably reduced,

page_text: and the articles brazed are freer from the imperfections commonly present in
articles soldered by the common process first stated.
Dated this 8th day of May.1893.,
-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or in the Process of Brazing Metals.
¨” 1, Charles JOHN HILL, of Russell House, Coventry, in the County of
Warwick, Watch Manufacturer (a communication to me from abroad by Álick
Sargeant Hill, of 239 Colombus Avenue, Boston, United States of America,
Cycle Depôt Manager) do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to improvements in, or in the process of uniting together
metals by brazing or hard soldering, as heremafter described.
The process of brazing or hard soldering; bas heretofore been conducted by
taking metals to be united together, and making clean and bright those parts to be
brazed, and then applying thereto a granulated soldering alloy intermixed with
borax moistened with water, then exposing the said metals to the action of the heat
of a clear fire of a forge, or to action of the flame of a blowpipe or the like, causing
the solder to run, and the intimate parts in contact to be soldered and united
'thereby.
Now by exposing the metals to be united together to the fierce action of the
applied heat, the physical conditions or constitutions of the metals are materially
changed and deteriorated.
Thus, hardened metals, such as steel, become softened through the action of the
heat, and the said metal also becomes scaled by combining with the oxygen of the
air, and further, the borax employed with the solder runs upon the parts not united,
and becomes difficult to remove.
By my invention, the process of brazing is conducted without changing the
physical constitution of the metals united, scaling is prevented or materially
reduced; and the surfaces adjacent to soldered parts are less subject to borax
'incrustations.
:
י:
In carrying out this new or improved process of brazing or hard soldering, I take
an alloy of copper and zinc, or any suitable brazing alloy, and I beat the same in a
casting or other pot or vessel until it has acquired a molten state, and "such a fluid
condition as to flow freely and evenly over the surface or surfaces or between the
parts to be united. The joint to be made, or the opposed parts of the joint or
union are then cleaned or made bright as usual, and each painted or covered with
a thin coating of liquid or paste borax, (that is, pulverized börax moistened with
water) and when dry, the parts are placed in juxta-position, and the article or
metals thus to be united are dipped or plunged into the molten alloy, hence the
"brazing.
試
The parts thus united are then wiped with a greasy rag or cotton waste, which
removes all foreign matter and leaves the surface of the metal clean, and almost
free from scale and the like.
Assuming that an article, such as a junction part of a cycle, requires to be brazed,
I take the paste borax, and apply the same to the respective parts to be united.
Then, when the said borax is perfectly dry, I heat the articles until they acquire a
uniform temperature, and when in this condition, the same are then dipped into the
'molten soldering alloy, and the parts, one or both of the opposed faces of which

page_text: have been painted with borax are united. The articles are dipped into the molten
metal for a period of about 10 to 15 seconds. .
By this said invention, labour in dressing or filing up is dispensed with, and the
articles brazed are free from the faults or drawbacks usually present in articles
brazed by the common processes first stated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
First. Brazing metals by the process of dipping conducted in the way substantially
as herein described and set forth.
Dated this 26th day of January 1894.
CHARLES JOHN HILL,
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.