AN IMPROVEMENT IN MANUFACTURING OR PREPARING PAPER FOR AND IN MOUNT- ING COPIES OF WRITTEN DOCUMENTS THEREON
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Bannehr, of Exeter, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN MANUFACTURING OR PREPARING PAPER FOR AND IN MOUNT-
ING COPIES OF WRITTEN DOCUMENTS THEREON."
Sealed the 19th September 1856, and dated the 3rd April 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Bannehr at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
April 1856.
I, JAMES BANNEHя, of Exeter, do hereby declare the nature of the Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN MANUFACTURING OR PREPARING PAPER FOR AND IN
MOUNTING COPIES OF WRITTEN DOCUMENTS THEREON," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to obtain copies of written documents on thick
paper, for which purpose the ordinary copying paper is used to obtain copies,
as heretofore, and the novelty consists of causing each of such copies whilst still
moist to be pressed on and to adhere to one of the surfaces of a prepared dry
sheet of paper, at the same time applying a second moistened sheet of paper
(either with another copy of writing thereon or not) to the other side, and by
pressing the three sheets together to cause them to become as if one sheet of
paper had been used. And in order that the interposed sheets of paper may

page_text: be suitable for such purposes, the paper is, in the act of making or afterwards,
impregnated with suitable adhesive matter, using in preference for that purpose
a mixture of gums; and the paper, after the copies have been thus mounted,
may be sized to admit of the same being written thereon.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Bannehr in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd October 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
BANNER, of Exeter, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
James Bannehr, Her special licence, that I, the said James Bannehr, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James
Bannehr, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN MANUFAC-
TURING OR PREPARING PAPER FOR AND IN MOUNTING COPIES OF WRITTEN DOCUMENTS
THEREON," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Bannehir,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Bannehr, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
The object of this Invention is to render more generally useful and available
the copies of written documents, drawings, and designs, obtained by means of
copying presses and other similar contrivances, by providing a prepared paper
fit for mounting and in mounting such copies on either one or both sides

page_text: thereof, so as to render such mounted copies available as if made on thick
paper instead of on the thin paper at present in use for such purpose.
To accomplish the above object, I impregnate or coat both sides of ordinary
paper, by means of a brush or other suitable means, with mucilaginous or
adhesive matter, consisting of either equal or indefinite proportions of gum
acacia or dextrine and of gum tragacanth, or any other gum or adhesive matters
which possesses its adhesive character at an ordinary temperature, but I prefer
a mixture of about equal quantities of gum acacia and tragacanth, or of British
gum (called "dextrine") and gum tragacanth. Such prepared or coated paper
being dried, is then fit for mounting upon in the manner next to be described.
I procure a copy or copies of written documents, drawings, or designs (done.
with the usual copying ink) by means of the ordinary copying press on the
ordinary thin copying paper, and whilst the paper containing such copies is
still damp I place them on the prepared or coated paper, and then on the reverse
side of the prepared or coated paper I place similar plain damped copying
paper; I then cover the outside of the two pieces of copying paper with two
pieces of dry oiled paper or with two tinned or other metallic plates, and after.
placing the whole between two cardboard or other proper pads or leaves of a
book, I give the whole a tight pressure in a suitable press, when the three
thicknesses of paper will become united as if consisting of only one thickness of
paper. Should it be desired to have the reverse side of the prepared or coated
paper covered by written matter instead of being covered by plain paper, it
would be merely necessary to cover the reverse side with further written matter
iu the same manner as the first side instead of using plain paper; or, if it be
desired to use the reverse side for mounting upon subsequently to mounting a
copy on the first side thereof, such reverse side may remain uncovered until
such second operation.
My reason for preparing both sides of the mounting paper with adhesive
matter is, because if it were to be coated on one side only it would have
a tendency to curl, in consequence of the shrinkage whilst drying, which
objection would be increased by the subsequent application of damp paper.
Should the mounting of copies be deferred until so much of the moisture
has evaporated as to prevent the copies from adhering to the prepared or
coated paper, the copies may be made to adhere either by damping them
afresh or by covering the outside or reading side of the copies with damp
paper, the moisture from which would be absorbed by the copies, and thus
render them capable of adhering to the prepared paper.
Should it be desired to have the copies rendered fit for writing upon, this
may be accomplished by sizing the mounted copies with ordinary paper size or

page_text: any other suitable size; or they may be rendered fit for writing upon by
pouncing the face of the writing with powdered gun sandarach or other
powdered gum resin and afterwards pressing the same.
The novelty of my Invention consists in preparing or coating both sides of
ordinary paper with adhesive matter in the manner before described, and
after such adhesive matter is dry in causing copies of recently written
documents, drawings, or designs, produced by means of the ordinary copy-
ing press or other similar contrivance, to be pressed on, and to be made
to adhere to one or both sides of such prepared or coated paper in the
manner before described, to the intent that copies mounted on such prepared
or coated paper may be made available as thick paper copies. I therefore
claim the preparing or coating such prepared or coated paper, whether by the
means before described or by any other means, and afterwards the mounting
copies of written documents, drawings, or designs on such prepared or coated
paper for the purpose of producing fac-simile copies of written documents,
drawings, and designs on paper of the ordinary or any thickness that may be
required thicker than the present paper ordinarily used for taking fac-simile
copies of written documents.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Bannehr, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
J. BANNEHR. (L.B.)