IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHING on Tanya C T OR TEENCHING AND SUBSOILING
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Smith, of Little Woolstone, Fenny Stratford,
in the County of Bucks, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHING
on Tanya C
T
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho
19th March 1855.
I, WILLIAM SMITH, of,Little Woolstone, Fenny Stratford, in the County of
Bucks, do hereby declare the nature of the -Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PLOUGHING OR TEENCHING AND SUBSOILING LAND" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of combining subsoil ploughs with trenching or
double mould board ploughs, and in such manner that part of the framing by
the aid of wheels will, when required, cause the ploughs to be raised out of
the land. For this purpose I combine one double mould board or trenching
plough with two subsoil ploughs, the subsoil ploughs following in the trench
made by the double mould board plough. A beam is employed, at the fore.
part of which is, a guide wheel,. and to this beam is affixed a double mould
board or trenching plough. At the hinder end the beam is made with handles
similar to other ploughs. To the beam is formed a framing, which at its front
end has two wheels, by which the depth of ploughing is regulated; and the two
subsoil ploughs are affixed towards the back end of this frame at such a dis-

page_text: tance apart as to work within the trench made by the trenching plough. In
order to raise the ploughs out of the land at the end of a field, two additional
wheels are used, which are carried by arnis from an axis across the frame of
the plough, to which axis is applied a lever or handle, by which the arms when
the ploughs are at work are kept in a horizontal position, and the wheels
which they carry are therefore off the land; but so soon as the lever or handle
is released the wheels drop on to the land, and the continued movement of
the ploughs cause them to be lifted up out of the land. For some purposes
I combine two of such compound ploughs into one plough, which will consists
of two trenching or double mould board ploughs and for subsoil ploughs.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th September 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
SMITH, of Little Woolstone, Fenny Stratford, in the County of Bucks, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Smith, Her special licence that I, the said William Smith,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PLOUGHING OR TRENCHING AND SUBSOILING LAND," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Smith, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Smith, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof (that is to say):-

page_text: This Invention consists of combining subsoil ploughs with trenching or
double mould board ploughs, and in such manner that part of the framing by
the aid of wheels will, when required, cause the ploughs to be raised out of
the land. For this purpose I combine one double mould board or trenching
plough with two subsoil ploughs, the subsoil ploughs following in the trench
made by the double mould board plough. A beam is employed, at the fore
part of which is a guide wheel, and to this beam is affixed a double mould
board or trenching plough. At the hinder end the beam is made with handles
similar to other ploughs. To the beam is formed a framing, which at its front
end has too wheels, by which the depth of ploughing is regulated; and the
two subsoil ploughs are affixed towards the back end of this frame at such a
distance apart as to work within the trench made by the trenching plough. In
order to raise the ploughs out of the land at the end of a field two additional
wheels are used, which are carried by arms from an axis across the frame of the
plough, to which axis is applied a lever or handle, by which the arms when
the ploughs are at work are kept in a horizontal position, and the wheels
which they carry are therefore off the land; but so soon as the lever or handle
is released the wheels drop on to the land, and the continued movement of
the ploughs cause them to be lifted up out of the land. For some purposes
I combine two of such compound ploughs into one plough, which will consist
of two trenching or double mould board ploughs and form subsoil ploughs.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the mauner in which I perform the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows a side view of a plough for ploughing or trenching and
subsoiling land, constructed and combined according to my Invention; Figure
2 is a plan thereof; Figure 3, a longitudinal section; and Figure 4, a back
view thereof. In each of these Figures the same letters are used to indicate
the same parts. a, a, is the beam and framing of the plough, the nature of
which is clearly shewn in the Drawing; b, b, is a double mould board or
trenching plough; c, c, are two subsoil ploughs, which follow in the trench
made by the double mould board plough; d, d, are guide wheels at the fore
part of the beam of the plough; and e is a handle, by which the vertical axis
of the wheels may be moved or steered. Such handle is capable of being
retained from moving by the rack e', such rack holding the handle from move-
ment when the projection e on the under side of the handle enters between
two of the teeth in the rack. By lifting up the back end of the handle it can
be moved so as to place the guide wheels in the position desired, and then the

page_text: handle will be retained from further movement by allowing the back end to
drop, and be held by the rack. a', a', are the handles to the beam' and framing
of the plough; f,f, are wheels, the axles of which can be raised or lowered
in order to govern the depth of the ploughing, such wheels running on the
land on either side of the plough when the same is in use; c, c, are two sub-
soiling ploughs, which are carried by the frame a, a, and are capable of being
adjusted, as shewn, to work to the depth desired; h, h, are two wheels mounted
on arms h¹, h', fixed to the axis h. These wheels are kept up out of position
when the plough is in use, by means of the lever handle h³, which is kept down
by a chain, as shown; but so soon as the lever handle is released, and the
plough is moved forward, the wheels h coming on the land-on either side cause
the plough to be lifted out of the land, in which condition the plough may
be conveniently drawn over land on roads. In some cases I use more than
two subsoiling ploughs, in which case I fix one intermediate of the other two;
I also sometimes vary the form of the tines of the subsoil plough.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I make no claim to any
of the mechanical parts separately, nor do I confine myself to the details; but
what I claim is, the combination of mechanical parts herein described for
ploughing or trenching and subsoiling land.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Smith, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
WILLIAM SMITH. (L.S.)
Witness,
A. CARPMAEL.