AN IMPROVED AIR SPRING AND ATMOSPHERIC RESISTING POWER
Year: 1848

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
BEATTIE, of Edinburgh, Builder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Sixth day of July, Ono
thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, in the twelfth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
George Beattie, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said George Beattie, my
exors, admiors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Beattie,
my exors, adors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN
IMPROVED AIR SPRING AND ATMOSPHERIC RESISTING POWER;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, tho said George Beattie, shall
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, referenco
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George Beattie, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and

page_text: arrangement is suitable for what is called a double-acting spring, that is, a
spring allowing the door to be folded or opened in either direction; but
Figures 4, 5, and 6 show a plan and two sections of a similar apparatus for
a single acting spring, in which the same numerals are used to indicate the
same parts; and the chief difference in the details is that the valve apparatus:
is carried by the piston, as shewn, and there is only one cylinder. In each
arrangement, should any air pass the piston, it will in the moving back of the
piston be forced beyond the valve, and will be prevented returning in that
direction. I would state, that although I have shown the apparatus to consist
of pistons and cylinders for obtaining vacuity, and the consequent reaction of
the atmosphere to close the door, I do not confine myself thereto, as various
arrangements may be resorted to for obtaining vacuity by apparatus put in
motion by the opening of a door or a gate, and thereby obtain the requisito
pressure of the air to close the door or gate; this part of my Invention con-
sisting of the so arranging apparatus in connection with a door or gate, that by
its movement apparatus may be caused to obtain a vacuum and consequent
reaction of air tending to close the door or gate. In using the apparatus I
place oil in the box (1), so as to cover the cylinder or cylinders, in order to
the more perfect action of the parts, both in respect to lubrication and sealing
the pistons and valves.
I will now describe the second part of my Invention. Figure 7 shows a
vertical longitudinal section of a buffing apparatus, constructed according to
this part of my Invention; and Figure 8 is a transverse section of the same
taken at the line Z in Figure 7. A is a cylinder having fixed concentrically
therein two cylinders B2, B3; and D, D, are two pistons with cupped leathers
C, C; these pistons are both fixed to the piston rod G, to which the buffer
head is also affixed. That portion of the piston rod which is within the
cylinder B is cased over so as nearly to fill the cylinder, as is shown. The
pistons work respectively in the cylinders B², B³. From the cylinder B³ there
is a tube P leading to the outer atmosphere, so as to supply air into the
cylinder B; and P* is a surface of leather for closing the opening of the air
pipe P, when the piston rod is forced inwards. This apparatus, like that
before described, is provided with a valve chamber and valve (11) with
passage (10), and also a similar bent tube to the valve chamber, as that
described in the door springs. The cylinder A is to be filled or nearly so, with
oil through the opening M. The effect of this arrangement will be, that when
the piston is forced into the cylinder B, and the other piston is forced into
the cylinder B, the pressure will go on encreasing by reason of the air being
condensed in the cylinder B³, whilst a vacuum will be formed behind the
piston in the cylinder B³, and it is the combining of the action of condensing

page_text: air and of obtaining vacuum in apparatus for buffers that constitutes the
novelty of this part of the Invention.
Figure 9 shows a section of another arrangement of apparatus for buffing
purposes, which acts wholly by a series of cylinders acting by the pressure of
air into a vacuum. In this arrangement there are three cylinders B, B, B,
fixed concentrically within the cylinder A, as shewn, each having its piston E
and cupped leather C. The pistons aro affixed to piston rods G, the ends of
which slide one into the other, as shown, in such manner that the first having
moved a distance commences to act on the second, and so on for any number
of piston rods, pistons and cylinders which may be used in the same cylinder A.
At the end of each cylinder is a bar L, through which the piston rods pass.
By this arrangement thero will be a succession of cylinders brought into action,
the pistons producing a vacuum in each cylinder. Oil is to be put into the
cylinder A so as to cover the cylinders B.
I would remark, that I do not confine myself to the details as herein shown
and described, so long as the peculiar character of either part of my Invention
be retained. But what I claim is,―
First, the mode of manufacturing springs for folding doors and gates, by
applying the elasticity of the air acting towards the vacuum.
And secondly, I claim the means herein described of combining buffing
apparatus, and employing the joint action of vacuum and compressing of air;
and also the employment of a succession of cylinders for obtaining vacuum
and the reaction of air, as herein explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Beattic, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Second day of January, in the year of our Lord
Che thousand sight lundred and forty-nine
GEORGE (L.S.) BEATTIE.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Second day of January, in the
year of our Lord 1849, the aforesaid George Beattie came before our said
Lady the Queen in Iler Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Fourth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.