Improvements in Automatic Lathes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1897-Accepted, 3rd Sept., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Automatic Lathes.
I, JAMES BRUCE CLYNE, of No. 581, East Prospect Street, Cleveland, Ohio,
United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to make certain improvements in automatic
lathes and especially in the automatic lathe described in my prior Letters Patent
No. 3709 of 1896.
The improvements consist of certain mechanism hereinafter fully described.
In the annexed drawings:-
Figure I represents a top plan view of my improved lathe; Fig. II a vertical
cross-sectional view on the line 2-2 of Fig. I; Fig. III a vertical cross-sectional
view of one end of the lathe, taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. II; Fig. IV repre-
sents a side elevation of the turret and turret mechanism; Fig. V a central
vertical_longitudinal cross-sectional view of said turret and turret mechanism;.
Fig. VI a vertical transverse cross-sectional view of the turret, taken on the
line 6-6 of Fig. V; Fig. VII an end elevation of the turret; Fig. VIII an end
elevation of the cam drum, and Fig IX, a detail view of a stopping mechanism.
The general operation and arrangement of my improved lathe is the same as
is shown in my above mentioned Letters Patent No. 3709 of 1896, which describe
a lathe having a feed driving shaft alternately engaged, through the medium of
a shifting clutch, by a quick-driving mechanism and a slow-driving mechanism,
and means adapted to vary the speed of the slow-driving mechanism
during its operation. Said driving mechanisms are alternately applied to operate
a cam drum which in turn actuates a turret carrying a plurality of tools adapted
to form the particular kind of article desired, such as machine screws, nipples,
rings and various other forms.
My improvements are directed to the turret and turret mechanism and to the
shifting clutch actuating means.
I will first describe the improved turret and turret mechanism.
The turret A consists of a casting formed with a reduced portion A¹ whereby
an annular space a is formed within the turret housing B in which housing the
said turret is journaled. The said portion A¹ is formed with longitudinal guide
alots a¹, as many in number as there are tools to be used; in this case I have
shown four, the turret being arranged to accommodate four tools. The turret
is further formed with a central bore a².
Arranged concentrically around the axis of the turret, are the four sets of
bearings C which receive the longitudinally movable tool carriers or tool
spindles C. Each spindle has fastened upon it by means of a set screw c, a tool
clamp, the outer part of which is made of sufficient length to extend into a
groove b, the said groove being at right angles to the axis of the turret.
The inner portion of each clamp is formed with a tongue which extends
into one of the guide slots a¹. Each clamp is further formed at its outer portion,

page_text: with a slot cat right angles to the tongue. The groove b terminates at each
side of the bottom of the turret housing whereby the outer part of each clamp,
when in the lowermost position, is free and the clamp may be reciprocated in
the annulus a along with its spindle.
A cam drum D formed with a sleeve D¹, the end of which is journaled in a
journal box E, is rotatively mounted upon a turret shaft F which extends through
the bore a of the turret.
A friction disk G is mounted upon the said shaft F, between the turret and the
cam drum, and is operatively connected with said shaft by means of a feather g.
A friction washer H is interposed between the said friction disk and the opposing
face of the drum, by means of which operative connection is established between
the drum and the disk and shaft. A regulating nut G¹ and a threaded portion F¹
of the shaft serve to regulate the amount of friction between the disk and washer.
The turret shaft is suitably keyed or otherwise fastened to the turret A.
The 'cam drum D is formed with a circumferential groove d having a straight
portion and an inclined portion d
At the journal end of the sleeve DI is keyed a spur gear J which is driven by
the pinion J¹. The pinion J¹ is driven by the beveled gears Ja and J³, the
gear J³ being keyed on to the driving shaft S of the lathe, which shaft is subject
to variations in velocity, as above stated.
Directly beneath the middle of the turret and extending along the lathe frame
and beneath the middle of the cam drum, is a feed slide bar bearing K into which
fite a feed slide bar K¹.
A pink is screwed into the upper side of one end of said slide bar and carries
a small horizontal roller which fits snugly in the slot d of the drum D. The
opposite end of the said bar is provided with a stud which fits into the slot c³
of the tool clamps c¹.
It is thus seen that the rotation of the drum D produces a reciprocating
motion in the slide bar.
The distance between the center of the pin k and the stud is such that when
the pin is furthest from the turret, that is, when it is traversing the straight
part d' of the drum D, the center of the stud is in the vertical plane of the
iniddle of the groove 6 in the turret housing.
The inner end face a³ of the turret, is provided with as many studs L as there
are tool spindles, in this case four. These studs are arranged concentrically with
the axis of the turret.
An unlocking dog M is secured at the end of a shaft N journaled in suitable
bearings N¹. A spring N* suitably attached to the shaft and bearing, actuates
the dog M toward the axis of the turret.
A stop lug m formed on the dog is pierced by a set screw m¹ which abuts a
lug 6 on the housing B and limits the throw of the dog. The limit of the throw
is so arranged that the end of the dog lies in the path of the studs L.
The studs are so disposed on the face of the turret that one of the tool spindles
is nearly in its exact lowermost position when a stud is resting upon the unlock-
ing dog.
The lower face of the stud, when so resting, is formed with an inclined plane l,
the end of the dog being similarly formed with a plane of substantially the same
inclination. By varying the position of the screw m¹, it is seen that the point
of interruption of the turret may be varied within the limits of the throw of
said screw m¹. By this means the tool may be adjusted and given exactly its
required position.
At the opposite end of the unlocking shaft N, is formed or fastened a trip
lever M', the end of which lies in the path of a cam segment d³ fastened upon the
side of the cam drum D. The said segment d³, on passing, engages the end of
the said trip lever throwing it outwardly; the unlocking dog is at the same time
thrown outwardly out of the path of the studs L, and leaves the turret free to
turn during such time.

page_text: The cam segment having passed, the spring N causes the shaft, dog and trip
lever to resume their original positions.
The operation of the turret and turret mechanism is as follows:-
The shaft S being driven, as before-mentioned at a variable speed, imparts
its motion to the cam drum D, which reciprocates, as was explained, the feed
slide bar K¹.
When the pink is traversing the end of the straight portion of the groove d,
the feed slide bar is about to begin its stroke, that is the said pin is about to
enter the inclined portion of said groove. The unlocking dog is engaging, at
the same time, one of the studs L, thereby preventing the rotation of the turret,
turret shaft or friction plate G, thereby rendering the friction washer inoperative.
The tool and tool spindles now being advanced subject to the changes in speed
experienced by the driving shaft S, return and at the instant the pin k re-enters
the straight groove portion d¹, the cam segment d³ trips the trip lever, throws the
unlocking dog out; and, removing the resistance against the friction between
the cam drum face and the friction washer, and the friction washer and the
friction plate thereby renders the friction clutch operative, whereupon the disk,
turret shaft and turret rotate.
Before, however, the succeeding stud L is permitted to pass, the cam segment d³
releases the trip lever, the unlocking dog resumes its position and interrupts the
rotation of the turret by engaging the succeeding stud.
The rotation of the turret has now brought a second tool round into position,
its tool clamp slot 3 engaging the stud on the feed slide bar, which has during
the rotation of the turret, remained stationary, the roller k¹ having been traversing
the straight portion of the cam drum groove.
As soon as the dog is again in its locking position the roller re-enters the
inclined portion of the groove and the reciprocation of the feed slide bar is
repeated.
The different tools are thus caused to successively assume their operative
positions.
I will now describe my improved shifting clutch actuating means which operate
the clutch that changes the rotation of the shaft S from a rapid rotation during
the return stroke of the feed slide bar and the rotation of the turret, to a slow
and varying rotation during the advance of said slide bar.
The clutch O, Fig. II, is feathered on the shaft S, and engages on the one hand
the system of differential gearing P, and directly with the driving pulley P¹ on
the other, in a manner substantially as shown and described in my above men-
tioned Letters Patent.
A shifting cam drum Q is fixed upon a shaft S¹ parallel with the shaft S and
has fixed on opposite sides, projecting studs q.
The said clutch O has formed around its periphery a groove o in which fits
and slides the yoke o¹. A projecting lug is formed on the yoke and carries a
roller of which fits and slides in the grooves q¹ of the shifting cam drum Q.
An unlocking dog R, shaft R¹ and trip lever R2 are provided, the said shaft
being journaled transversely of the shaft S in suitable bearings. The end of
said dog is so arranged that it may be moved by rocking the shaft R', into the
path of either of the studs q. The rocking is performed at suitable required
intervals by studs arranged on the inner face of the regulating drum T, to
successively engage the upper and lower inclined surfaces r, at the end of the trip
lever Rs.
On the shaft S¹ is keyed a pulley P2 driven by a round belt P³, the said pulley
and belt forming the cam actuating means.
The end of the said shaft S¹ projects beyond the frame of the lathe and has
feathered upon said end, a hand wheels provided with two studs adapted to
fit into two small holes 62 drilled into the lathe frame. A nut prevents the
dislocation of said wheel. The said holes are so placed that the clutch will nor-
mally be in a position midway between the differential gearing and the driving

page_text: pulley clutch engaging means, that is, in an inoperative position engaging
neither the one or the other of the driving mechanisms.
The hand wheels controls the speed of the machine from a high to a low speed.
The low speed is accomplished by drawing the hand wheels out from the lathe
frame, clearing the studs s¹, and unlocking and rotating the shaft S¹ in a direction
right to left and locking the same by means of the aforesaid studs, thereby causing
the cam drum Q to operate the clutch O through the medium of the yoke O
and roller 0 and to engage the clutch on the shaft S with the differential gear.
When the clutch is engaged with the differential gearing, the power is through
the pulley P¹, friction roller H³ and friction disk H, shaft H³, wheel Ho, differ-
ential gears H7, shaft S and gears J³ and Jo and spur gear J on shaft F through
turret to cutters.
The high speed is accomplished by rotating the hand wheel in the opposite
direction pushing the hand wheel in, engaging the studs s¹ with the lathe frame,
locking the shaft S¹ and throwing the clutch out of engagement with the differ-
ential gears and into engagement with the clutch on the sleeve of drive pulley P¹,
thus establishing power through the feathered clutch. O, shaft S and differential
gears to gears J and Js and spur gear J on shaft F to turret and cutters.
When the hand wheel S is drawn back on the shaft S¹ so as to clear the studs s
from the frame the cam Q driven by pulley Ps and belt P³ will cause the clutch O
to alternately engage the differential gear and the clutch on the shaft S thereby
producing alternately quick and slow speed.
The belt P3 is kept running continuously and so long as the locking dog Rengages
one of the studs q and thus renders the cam drum inoperative, it slips around
said pulley, but as soon as the said dog is shifted by means of one of the studs t
and the trip lever R2, the belt moves the pulley, shaft and cam drum until the
rotation of the said drum is again interrupted by the locking dog R.
The studs are so arranged that the trip lever is operated in such a manner
that the cam drum may be permitted to make successive half revolutions, and
that the dog engages each stud q alternately.
The clutch is thus reciprocated to engage alternately the differential gearing
and the driving pulley.
When it is desired to stop the machine without stopping the driving pulley,
the hand wheels is actuated to render the clutch inoperative, that is to say
placing the clutch in its midway position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In an automatic lathe having a plurality of turret tools, a tool actuating
device consisting of means adapted to actuate each tool separately and indepen-
dently of the others, substantially as set forth.
2. In an automatic lathe, tool actuating means consisting of the combination
with tool carriers, of means adapted to actuate said carriers successively and
independently of each other, substantially as set forth.
3. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, tool carriers mounted in
said turret and means adapted to actuate said carriers independently of said
turret, substantially as set forth.
A. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, tool carriers mounted in
said turret, means adapted to revolve said turret, and reciprocating means adapted
to successively actuate said carriers independently of said turret, substantially as
set forth.
5. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, tool carriers mounted
in said turret and provided with projecting means, means adapted to revolve said
turret and means adapted to successively engage said projecting means and
actuate said carriers, substantially as set forth.
6. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, tool carriers mounted in

page_text: said turret and provided with projecting means, means adapted to revolve said
turret and reciprocating means adapted to successively engage said projecting
means and actuate said carriers, substantially as set forth.
7. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, tool carriers mounted in
said turret and provided with adjustable projecting means, means adapted to
revolve said turret and means adapted to successively engage said projecting
means and actuate said carriers, substantially as set forth.
8. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, tool spindles mounted
in said turret and provided with tool clamps, reciprocating means adapted to
engage said clamps, and means adapted to revolve said turret whereby said clamps
are successively caused to engage with said reciprocating means and said spindles
are caused successively to reciprocate with said reciprocating means, substantially
as set forth.
9. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, formed with a reduced
portion whereby an annular space is formed, tool spindles mounted in said
turret and traversing said annular space, each of said spindles provided with pro-
jecting means, guides for said projecting means, reciprocating means, and means
adapted to revolve said turret whereby said projecting means are successively
caused to engage said reciprocating means, and said projecting means are caused
successively to reciprocate with said reciprocating means in said annulus, substan-
tially as set forth.
10. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, tool carriers mounted
in said turret, means adapted to rotate said turret, a reciprocating feed slide bar
adapted to successively actuate said carriers, substantially as set forth.
11. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, tool carriers mounted
in said turret, a cam drum mounted near said turret, means adapted to rotate
said turret and a reciprocating feed slide bar adapted to successively actuate said
carriers, said cam drum adapted to actuate said slide bar, substantially as set
forth.
12. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, a cam drum adapted
to rotate said turret, tool carriers mounted in said turret, and a reciprocating
feed slide bar adapted to sucessively actuate said carriers, said cam drum adapted
to actuate said slide bar, sustantially as set forth.
13. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, means adapted to rotate
said turret, and means adapted to interrupt the rotation of said turret, said inter-
rupting means provided with adjusting means adapted to vary the point of
interruption, substantially as set forth.
14. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, means adapted to rotate
said turret, and means adapted to interrupt the rotation of said turret with
respect to said rotating means, and provided with adjusting means adapted to vary
the point of interruption, substantially as set forth.
15. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret provided with projecting
means, means adapted to rotate said turret, and means adapted to periodically
engage said projecting means, whereby said turret is held stationary with respect
to said rotating means, said engaging means provided with adjusting means
adapted to vary the point of interruption, substantially as set forth.
16. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, rotating means, clutch
mechanism adapted to establish operative connection between said turret and said
rotating means, and means adapted to interrupt the rotation of said turret and
to dis-establish connection between said turret and rotating means, substantially
as set forth.
17. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, rotating means, clutch
mechanism adapted to establish operative connection between said turret and said
rotating means, and means adapted to interrupt the rotation of said turret and
dis-establish connection between said turret and rotating means, said interrupt-
ing means provided with adjusting means adapted to vary the point of inter-
ruption, substantially as set forth,

page_text: 18. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, rotating means, a
friction disk operatively connected with said turret, and a friction washer adapted
to establish operative connection between said disk and rotating means, substan-
tially as set forth.
19. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, rotating means, a
friction disk operatively connected with said turret, a friction washer adapted to
establish operative connection between said disk and rotating means, and means
adapted to periodically interrupt said turret whereby said washer is periodically
rendered inoperative, substantially as set forth.
20. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret, rotating means, a
friction disk operatively connected with said turret, a friction washer adapted to
establish operative connection between said disk and rotating means and means
adapted to periodically interrupt said turret whereby said washer is periodically
rendered inoperative, said rotating means adapted to actuate said interrupting
means, substantially as set forth.
21. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a turret provided with projecting
studs, rotating means, a friction disk operatively connected with said turret, a
friction washer adapted to establish operative connection between said disk and
rotating means, and a dog adapted to periodically engage said studs, whereby said
washer is periodically rendered inoperative, said rotating means adapted to
actuate said dog, substantially as set forth.
22. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a rotatable turret, a dog adapted
to periodically engage said turret, and means adapted to actuate said dog, said
dog provided with means adapted to vary the throw whereby the point of inter-
ruption of said turret may be varied, substantially as set forth.
23. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a rotatable turret, a. dog adapted
to periodically engage said turret and provided with means adapted to engage a
stationary portion of the lathe and vary the throw of said dog, whereby the point
of interruption of said turret may be varied, and means adapted to actuate said
dog, substantially as set forth.
24. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a rotating turret, a dog adapted
to periodically engage and interrupt said turret, and means adapted to actuate
said dog, the engaging portions of dog and turret being formed with inclined
engaging surfaces, whereby the point of interruption may be varied, substantially
as set forth.
25. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a rotatable turret provided with
projecting studs, a dog adapted to engage said studs, means adapted to periodi-
cally actuate said dog to sucessively engage said studs, the engaging portion of dog
and studs being formed with inclined engaging planes, said dog provided with
adjustable means adapted to engage a stationary portion of the lathe, whereby
the throw of said dog may be varied and whereby the relative positions of said
engaging planes at the point of interruption may be varied whereby said point
may also be varied, substantially as set forth.
26. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a shifting clutch, means adapted
to operate said clutch, means adapted to actuate said operating means, and means
adapted to periodically render said actuating means inoperative whereby said
operating means may be periodically interrupted, substantially as set forth.
27. In an automatic lathe, the combination of shifting clutch, a clutch cam
adapted to operate said clutch, means adapted to actuate said cam, and means
adapted to periodically interrupt said cam actuating means, substantially as set
forth.
28. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a shifting clutch, a clutch cam
adapted to operate said clutch, means adapted to actuate said cam, a dog adapted
to engage said cam, and means adapted to periodically actuate said dog, substan-
tially as set forth.
29. In an automatic lathe, the combination of a shifting clutch, a clutch cam

page_text: adapted to operate said clutch, a friction pulley adapted to actuate said cam, a
dog adapted to engage said cam, and means adapted to periodically actuate
sail dog, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 3rd day of September 1897
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.