IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR DYEING WARPS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Gottheil, of the International Patent
Office, 126, Linden Str., Berlin, Prussia, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR
DYEING WARPS."-A communication from abroad by Alphons
Lemmens, of Gladbach, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
.
Sealed the 30th June 1874, and dated the 2nd January 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Gottheil at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd January 1874. -
I, ROBERT GOTTHEIL, of the International Patent Office, 126, Linden
Str., Berlin, Prussia, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR
DYEING WARPS," to be as follows:-
:
This Invention has reference more particularly to the dyeing of
fabrics having a cotton warp and a woollen weft.
In manufacturing these fabrics it is customary to dye the warp in
hanks if it is of double thread; but if it is of single thread it is not

page_text: sufficiently strong to be subjected to the various manipulations requisite
for dyeing in hanks, and consequently the warp has to be dyed after the
fabric is woven.
As the fabric has in this case to be subjected to two
dyeing processes, one for the cotton warp and one for the woolen weft, the
woolen weft in being subjected to the dyeing processes necessary for the
cotton warp becomes much deteriorated in quality.
By the means which will now be described warps of single thread
as well as stronger warps can be readily dyed to any required colour before
weaving, and thus the quality, colour, and gloss of the woolen weft is
retained unimpaired as it has not to undergo the dyeing process for the
cotton warp, and a fabric of a given quality can be produced with a
smaller quantity of wool than in the case where both the warp and the
weft have to be dyed in the fabric subsequent to weaving. In order
to effect these objects a dyeing apparatus is arranged between the warp
beams and the ordinary dressing machine, the threads of the warp being
drawn continuously off the warp beams through the dyeing apparatus
and into the dressing machine, whence they pass on to the loom beam
without requiring any further manipulation on their way.
The dyeing apparatus consists of a number of similar portions or
sections arranged in succession, such number depending on the nature of
the dyes and mordants employed and the number of times the warp has
to be dipped in order to produce the required colour. Each such section
of the apparatus is constructed and operates as follows:-The warp
threads pass from the warp beams over a guide roller down to a dipping
roller immersed in a trough of comparatively small size containing the
liquid dye or mordant, the trough being by preference heated by a coil
of steam pipes in order to accelerate the action of the dye or mardant.
From the dripping roller the warp passes upwards out of the liquid and
between two rollers, the upper one of which is provided with an elastic
periphery, and is made to press down on the lower one, either by its
own weight alone or by weights or springs acting on its bearings. In
passing between these rollers the warp threads in being subjected to the
elastic pressure thereof become thoroughly and uniformly served with
the liquid dye which they carry up with them, and the same time the
surplus dye liquid is squeezed out of them and flows back into the dye
trough.
From the section of apparatus described the warp threads are led in a

page_text: action of the squeezing rollers so far cleared of superfluous liquid as
they leave each section that they do not render the liquid of the
succeeding section impure, and on passing from the last section the
warp threads are led into the dressing machine, whence they pass on to
the loom beam.
When the apparatus consists of a considerable number of sections it
is convenient to divide them into two sets, one set being situated next
to the dressing machine, from the gearing of which the requisite motion
may be imparted to the rollers of the different sections, while the other
set is situated next the warp beams, a passage being left between the
two sets.
Between any two succeeding sections as, for example, after leaving the
first set above mentioned and before entering the second set, the warp is.
carried round a heated cylinder so as to dry the warp before entering
the first section of the second set, and if desired the warp may in like
manner be carried round a heated cylinder or through a drying chamber
before passing from the last section into the dressing machine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Gottheil in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 1st July 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
GOTTHEIL, of the International Patent Office, 126, Linden Str., Berlin,
Prussia, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Robert Gottheil, Her special license
that I, the said Robert Gottheil, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert Gottheil, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use exercise, and

page_text: vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR DYEING WARPS," a communication to me
from abroad by Alphons Lemmens, of Gladbach, in the Kingdom
of Prussia, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said I
Robert Gottheil, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Gottheil, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that
is to say:
This Invention has reference more particularly to the dyeing of
fabrics having a cotton warp and a woollen weft.
In manufacturing these fabrics it is customary to dye the warp in 2
hanks if it is of double thread, but if it is of single thread it is not
sufficiently strong to be subjected to the various manipulations requisite
for dyeing in hanks, and consequently the warp has to be died after the
fabric is woven. As the fabric has in this case to be subjected to two
dyeing processes, one for the cotton warp, and one for the woollen weft, 2
the woollen weft in being subjected to the dyeing processes necessary
for the cotton warp becomes much deteriorated in quality.
By the means which will now be described warps of single thread, as
well as stronger warps, can be readily dyed to any required colour
before weaving, and thus the quality, colour, and gloss of the woollen 3
weft is retained unimpaired, as it has not to undergo the dyeing process
for the cotton warp; and a fabric of a given quality can be produced
with a smaller quantity of wool than in the case where both the warp
and the weft have to be dyed in the fabric subsequent to weaving. In
order to effect these objects a dyeing apparatus is arranged between the 3
warp beams and the ordinary dressing machine, the threads of the warp
being drawn continuously off the warp beams through the dyeing

page_text: apparatus and into the dressing machine, whence they pass on to the
loom beam without requiring any further manipulation on their way.
″.
The dyeing apparatus consists of a number of similar portions or
sections arranged in succession, such number depending on the nature of
the dyes and mordants employed and the number of times the warp has
to be dipped, in order to produce the required colour. Each such section
of the apparatus is constructed and operates as follows:-The warp
threads pass from the warp beams over a guide roller down to a
dipping roller immersed in a trough of comparatively small size con-
taining the liquid dye or mordant, the trough being by preference
heated by a coil of steam pipes in order to accelerate the action of the
dye or mordant. From the dipping roller the warp passes upwards out
of the liquid and between two rollers, the upper one of which is provided
with an elastic periphery, and is made to press down on the lower one,
either by its own weight alone or by weights or springs acting on its
bearings. In passing between these rollers the warp threads in being
subjected to the elastic pressure thereof become, thoroughly and
uniformly served with the liquid dye which they carry up with them,
and at the same time the surplus dye liquid is squeezed out of them and
flows back into the dye trough.
* From the section of apparatus described the warp threads are led in a
similar manner through other sections of like construction, being by the
action of the squeezing rollers so far cleared of superfluous liquid as
they leave each section that they do not render the liquid of the
succeeding section impure, and on passing from the last section the
warp threads are led into the dressing machine, whence they pass on to
the loom beam.
When the apparatus consists of a considerable number of sections it.
is convenient to divide them into two sets, one set being situated next
to the dressing machine, from the gearing of which the requisite motion
may be imparted to the rollers of the different sections, while the other
set is situated next the warp beams, a passage being left between the
two sets.
Between any two succeeding sections as, for example, after leaving
the first set above mentioned and before entering the second set, the
warp is carried round a heated cylinder so as to dry the warp before
entering the first section of the second set, and if desired the warp.

page_text: dye vats for the purpose of drying the warp, substantially as herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Gottheil, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
ROBERT GOTTHEIL. (L.S.)