Pump Apparatus for Raising all kinds of Liquids above the Limit. of Height Determined by the Specific Weight thereof and the Pressure of the Atmosphere Without the Use of Compressed Air. or Valves.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date claimed for ratent under Sect. TUO OF ACT,
being date of first Foreign Application (in 19th Sept., 1891
Switzerland),
Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 14th Apr., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 14th Apr., 1892-Accepted, 14th May, 1892
Switzerland),
Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 14th Apr., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 14th Apr., 1892-Accepted, 14th May, 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Pump Apparatus for Raising all kinds of Liquids above the Limit.
of Height Determined by the Specific Weight thereof and the
Pressure of the Atmosphere Without the Use of Compressed Air.
or Valves.
I, Dr. GEORG WILHELM AUGUST KAHLBAUM, of Bale, Switzerland, Private.
Tutor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner tho
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by:
the following statement :-
For raising liquids by means of atmospheric pressure alone, a limit is prescribed
which is determined on the one hand by the specific gravity of the liquid and on
the other hand by the pressure of the atmosphere. It has been successfully
endeavoured to exceed this limit by the application of air under pressure or by
means of ordinary pumps with special valves.
The arrangement hereinafter described accomplishes the same object by the use
of mixing air supplied to the liquid to be raised.
Into the liquid to be raised which is represented in Fig. 1 of the accompanying
drawing by the barrel F, dips the raising pipe a b c which is open at bottom and
is bent round to a knee or U shape, as may be required, at the upper end, and dips.
with such upper end, which is also open, into the air tight box K.
From this box K leads at d a pipe e, also connected air tight, from a vacuum
pump, of any description. At the bottom the box K also carries a cock H for
drawing off the raised liquid.
In the pipe abc there is formed above F, at o, a lateral opening, through which
air can enter.
If this opening o did not exist the liquid to be raised, for instance water, could
not be raised above 10.33 metres, as a column of water of 10-33 metres balances.
the pressure of the atmosphere. By providing the hole o however there will be.
drawn air into a b c simultaneously with the rising liquid. There will consequently
not be formed a liquid column but a column of alternately liquid and air in a, b, c.
Such a column will however not balance the atmospheric pressure at the height.
of 10-33 metres, if the liquid be water, but only at a greater height corresponding
to the quantity of air contained in a be. Consequently it is possible by drawing
air into the pipe, to raise the liquid considerably higher than is possible without.
the same.
The height of the liquid column mixed with air is of course not unlimited, but.
corresponds to the mass of water contained in the pipe a, b, c, in a unit of time.
If however the liquid is required to be raised still higher, this may easily be
accomplished by a similar arrangement.
For this purpose a second lifting pipe a, b, c, Fig. 2 is introduced air tight into
the box K, such pipe reaching to near the bottom thereof. The cock H is in that.
case omitted as also the branch and the pipe e leading to the vacuum pump.
The pipe a' b e' is provided, just under the top cover of K with the opening o' and

page_text: it opens at c¹ into the second box K which is provided with the cock H¹ and
branch like box K in Fig. 1, which branch is connected by pipe e¹ with the
vacuum pump.
If now an exhaust be produced through e', the liquid will firstly be raised
from F to K, and when the bottom of K is covered with liquid, the action of the
air pump will commence in K, as K will not be exhausted to complete vacuum.
If however all the liquid is raised from Finto K, then a 'c will enter into full
action, as the air entering through a and o will now be drawn through o' out of K
to K, while the liquid will enter a¹ b¹ c¹at a', and will be raised to K¹. The
height a b' is of course chosen smaller than the height a b.
Instead of the two air tight boxes as last described, there may be employed
three or more.
The material of which a, b, c, K, &c. are made depends upon the nature of the
liquid to be raised.
If the liquid is of value, or has a corrosive action, a vessel T is fixed on the pipe
below the hole o and provided with a cock, as during the entrance of the air a small
quantity of liquid will be forced out.
According to the character of the work performed, that is to say according to
whether water is raised out of a mine, or whether a liquid is to be raised from the
ground level of a factory, for example, to the upper floor of a building, the
machinery for actuating the vacuum pump will have to be arranged either at For
at K or K', in order that the workman that tends the apparatus can attend either
to For to H or H' at the same time that he attends to the pump.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner, the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. For raising any kind of liquid above the limits determinal by the specific
gravity thereof and the pressure of the atmosphere, a pump the suction pipe of
which has a lateral opening for the introduction of mixing-air.
2. In a mixing-air pump such as is described in Claim 1, the arrangement of
one or more air tight collecting boxes K K¹ into which open at top the suction
pipes a, b, c, a, b, c, provided with air holes o o', and which boxes can be provided
with discharge cocks H H', the vacuum pump being put in communication with
the box K if only one be employed, while, if several such boxes be employed the
vacuum pump is connected to the topmost one.
Dated this 14th day of April 1892.
ADEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.