IMPROVE- MENTS IN KITCHEN RANGES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Moses Jones; of the Firm of Jones and Rowe, of
the City of Worcester; Ironmongers; for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN KITCHEN RANGES."
Sealed the 15th November 1868, and dated the 6th August 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Moses Jones at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th August 1867.
I, MOSES JONES, of the Firm of Jones and Rowe, of the City of Worcester,
Ironmongers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN KITCHEN RANGES," to be as follows:-
My Invention bas reference to close kitchen ranges containing two ovens
one above the other, and consists of the improvements herein-after described
in constructing and arranging the flues of the ovens of the said ranges, whereby
economy of fuel is effected, and the top or bottom oven readily beated at
pleasure. When required the heat may be entirely shut off from the bottom
oven or froin both top and bottom ovens. Great facility in fixing the back
flues is also secured.
In constructing and arranging the flues of the ovens of the said kitchen
ranges according to my Invention I cause the heated air from the fire-grate of
the range to pass by a horizontal flue over the upper part of the top oven or
roaster down one side by a side flúe, and from thence to a flue under the said
top oven and, between the top and bottom ovens. The heated air is also

page_text: conducted by the side flue described around the side of the bottom or baking
oven to a flue underneath the said bottom oven. The heated air, after
circulating about the outsides of and heating the ovens, is conducted to the
chimney of the range in the following manner :-The heated air from the flue
under the top oven passes by an opening situated at the back of the said flue
into a vertical flue at the back of the ovens, and the heated air from the flue
under the bottom oven passes in like manner to a similar vertical back flue.
These vertical back flues are independent of one another, and open into the
chimney of the range. Each of the said vertical back flues is provided with a
sliding damper, by means of which either flue, and the oven to which it is
connected, or both of the flues and ovens, may at pleasure be entirely or
partially cut off from communication with the chimney of the range. I make
the vertical back flues of sheet iron, so that they are ready fixed to the oven,
and the setting of the range by the bricklayer thus much facilitated. By closing
the damper of the vertical back flue of the top oven or roaster, the damper of
the other flue, being open, the whole of the heated air circulates "about" and
heats the bottom or pastry oven, and by closing, the damper of the back flue
of the bottom oven and opening that of the other back flue the whole of the
heated air circulates about and heats the top oven or roaster. By opening the
damper of each of the vertical back flues the heated air circulates about and
heats both of the said ovens. By closing more or less one or other or both of
the dampers described the quantity of heated air passing around the ovens
may be regulated according to the requirements of the food being cooked or
baked in the said ovens. Cleansing doors are provided whereby every part of
the flues described may be readily cleansed...
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters' Patent, filed
by the said Moses Jones in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th February 1868.
A
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MOSES
JONES, of the Firm of Jones and Rowe, of the City of Worcester, Iron-
mongers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first.year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Moses Jones, Her special licence that I, the said Moses Jones, my executors,,

page_text: administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Moses Jones, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN KITCHEN RANGES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Moses Jones, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
'
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Moses Jones, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention has reference to close kitchen ranges containing two ovens
one above the other, and consists of the improvements herein-after described
in constructing and arranging the flues of the ovens of the said ranges, whereby
economy of fuel is effected, and the top or bottom oven readily heated at
pleasure. When required the heat may be entirely shut off' from the bottom
oven or from both top and bottom ovens. Great facility inxing the back
flues is also secured.
In constructing and arranging the flues of the said kitchen ranges, according
to my Invention, I cause the heated air from the fire-grate of the range to
pass by a horizontal flue over the upper part of the top oven or roaster down
one side by a side flue, and from thence to a flue under the said top oven and
between the top and bottom ovens. The heated air is also conducted by the
side flue described around the side of the bottom or baking oven to a flue
underneath the said bottom oven. The heated air after circulating ab ot the
outsides of and beating the ovens is conducted to the cbimney of the range in
the following manner:-The heated air from the flue under the top oven
passes by an opening situated at the back of the said flue into a vertical flue
at the back of the ovens, and the heated air from the flue under the bottom
oven passes in like manner to a similar vertical back flue. These vertical back
flues are independent of one another, and open into the chimney 'of the range.
Each of the said vertical back flues is provided with a sliding damper, by
means of which either flue and the oven to which it is connected; or both of
the flues and ovens, may at pleasure be entirely or partially cut off from coin-
'

page_text: munication with the chimney of the range. I make the vertical back flues
of sheet iron, so that they are ready fixed to the ovens, and the setting of the
range by the bricklayer thus much facilitated. By closing the damper of the
vertical back flue of the top oven or roaster, the damper of the other flue
being open, the whole of the heated air circulates about and heats the bottom
or pastry oven, and by closing the damper of the back flue of the bottom oven
and opening that of the other back flue the whole of the heated air circulates
about and heats the top oven or roaster. By opening the damper of each of
the vertical back flues the heated air circulates about and heats both of the
said ovens.
By closing more or less one or other or both of the dampers
described the quantity of heated air passing around the ovens may be
regulated according to the requirements of the food being cooked or baked in
the said ovens. Cleaning doors are provided whereby every part of the flues
described may be readily cleansed.
Having explained the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to describe,
with reference to the accompanying Drawing, the manner in which the same
is to be performed.
.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation a close, kitchen range containing.my
improvements; Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same taken through
the line a of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a vertical transverse section of the same
taken through the line b, c, of Figure 2; and Figure 4, is a front elevation of
a portion of the same, the doors, of the ovens being represented open: In the
said Figure 4 a portion of the range is removed for the purpose of exhibiting
the construction of the vertical back flues. The same letters of reference are.
employed, to indicate the same parts in each Figure of the Drawing.
dis the top oven or roaster, and e is the bottom or baking oven; f is a
horizontal flue between the hob or top, plate of the grate and the top of the
top oven or roaster d; g is another, horizontal flue between the top and bottom
ovens d, e; and h is a third horizontal flue under the bottom oven e. These
flues f, g, h, respectively communicate with the vertical side flue i between
the sides of the ovens and brickwork of the range; the position of this side
flue i is best seen in Figure 2, and in front elevation in Figure 4. The
borizontal flue, g between the top and bottom ovens also communicates with a
vertical flue k at the back of the ovens d, e, and the horizontal flue h under
the bottom oven also communicates with, another and similar vertical back
flue . Each of the vertical back flues k, l, is provided with a sliding damper
marked respectively m, n. The vertical back flues k, l, are independent of
one another, and open into the chimney of the range. The heated air, from
the fire-place p, of the range passes by the horizontal fluef over the upper

page_text: part of the top oven d down the vertical side flue i to the horizontal flue g
between the top and bottom ovens, and from the said horizontal flue g into the
vertical back flue k.. The heated air also passes down the said side flue i to
the horizontal flue h under the bottom or baking oven e, and from thence to
the vertical back flue 1. By the circulation of the heated air about the ovens
d, e, in the manner described the said ovens are readily heated. The course
which the beated air pursues in circulating about the flues of the ovens, and in
passing from thence to the vertical back flues, is indicated by the arrows in
Figures 2, 3, and 4. In Figures 2 and 4 the dotted arrows indicate the course
which the heated air takes in passing from the side flue i into the flue h, and
from thence to the vertical back flue 1, and the other arrows indicate the
course which the heated air takes in passing from the side flue i into the
horizontal flue g, and from thence into the vertical back flue k. In order that
the heated air may pursue a tortuous or devious course a curved plate q is
placed in the bottom horizontal flue h, and a straight plate r is placed in the
middle horizontal flue 9. By an examination of Figure 2 the shape of the
said plates 9, r, and the manner in which they deflect the heated, air will be
readily understood. When it is wished to beat both the top and bottom ovens
d, e, both of the sliding.dampers n, m, are opened, and the.beated air circulates
about both the said ovens in the manner herein-before described and illustrated
in the Drawing. When however it is wished to heat the top oven d only
the damper n of the back flue 7 is closed, and the damper m of the back flue,k
is opened; the whole of the heated air now circulates about and heats the
said oven d, the heated air passing down the side flue i along the flue
When the bottom or pastry oven e only is wished to be
heated the damper m of the back flue k is closed and the damper n of the
back flue is opened; the whole of the heated air now circulates about and
heats the bottom oven, the said air passing down the side flue i to the bottom
thereof along the horizontal flue h to the vertical back flue l. By closing
more or less one or other or both of the dampers m, n, the quantity of heated
air passing around the ovens d, e, may be regulated, according to the require-
ments of the food being cooked or baked in the said ovens. By closing both
of the dampers m, n, the heated air may be entirely shut off from both of the
ovens d, e: s, s, are doors by means of which access to the borizontal flues g, h,
may be obtained for cleansing the said flues. Doors t, t, are also provided for
gaining access to the vertical back flues k, l, for cleansing the said flues. The
vertical back flues k, l, are made of sheet iron, and are ready fixed to the
range. The setting of the range by the bricklayer is thereby much facilitated.
The said back flues k, l, are made by preference in two parts for convenience
vertical back, flue k.
g to the

page_text: of carriage, the chimney or upper part, best seen in Figure 4, being made
separately from the lower part. The said upper part fits upon a shoulder at u
formed on the lower part. Upon the top of the upper part of the double
flue k, l, a single flue or pipe v of sheet iron is fixed (see Figure 4), the said
single pipe or flue v fitting upon the flange or shoulder of the said upper part
of the double flue; this single flue v enters the open chimney of the range.
By means of this extra single flue v the draught is increased, and the fixing
of the flue simplified.
The parts of the range which I have not described are of the ordinary kind
and constitute no part of my Invention.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not
limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated, as the same
may be varied without departing from the nature of my Invention; but
I claim as my Invention the improvements in kitchen ranges herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, that is to say, con-
structing and arranging the flues of the top and bottom ovens of the said
ranges, and combining the said flues with independent vertical back flues,
substantially in the manner described and illustrated, whereby one or other or
both of the said ovens may be heated at pleasure, and the quantity of heated,
air circulating about them regulated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Moses Jones, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
MOSES JONES. (L.S.)