Improvements in Crushing Apparatus, omieny pr Use in Burring Wool.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Aug., 1886.
Specification Accepted, 7th Jan., 1887.
7.)
Improvements in Crushing Apparatus, omieny pr
Use in Burring Wool.
We, ADOLPHE BINET père, ADOLPHE BINET fils aîné, and HILAIRE BINET fils
jeune, of Tourcoing, France, Spinning Mill Proprietors, do hereby declare the nature
of our invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to apparatus for crushing burrs in the operation of cleaning
wool, and comprises the improvements hereinafter described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawing.
In cleaning wool prior to carding, it is frequently passed between cylinders in order
to crush or flatten the burrs.
In the burr-crushing apparatus heretofore employed, no means are provided for
regulating the pressure of the rollers, so that the wool is cut at the same time that the
burr is crushed, as the burr is much thicker than the wool; consequently during the
operation of the carding machine the wool from the burrs passes entirely to waste.
Moreover, the arrangement of the rollers in a vertical plane does not admit of
several pairs of rollers or cylinders being arranged in succession, unless intermediate
endless aprons are employed, as shown in Figure 1, which render the machine compli-
cated and have furthermore the inconvenience of rolling the wool at the junction of
the endless apron and the lower compresser.
To obviate these inconveniences, we have adapted to our improved crushing apparatus
means of regulation which permit the cylinders to be always held slightly away from
one another, so as to act solely upon the burr and not upon the fibres of wool, which
thus passes absolutely uninjured. Moreover the pairs of cylinders working together
are arranged horizontally, as shown in Figure 2, so that the number of pairs can he
multiplied without any intermediate endless aprons and consequently without rolling
or twisting the wool.
The apparatus represented in Figure 3 is composed of three pairs of compressing
rollers A A', B B and C C. The distance between these rollers gradually diminishes
from A A' to C, C, but the rollers do not touch, even at C, C', where they are only
Woood extremely near to each other.

page_text: The wool leaving the washing apparatus is placed in any suitable manner upon the
endless apron D, which carries it to the feed cylinders E E. The latter deliver it to a
fly or divider F similar to that of a washing machine. This fly scatters the wool in
very thin flocks upon the first pair of rollers A A³, which (a very great circumferential
velocity being imparted to them) immediately roll these flocks without allowing the
least heaping of wool to take place.
The wool after passing the first pair of rollers is immediately transmitted to the
second pair B B and from the latter to the third CC; each pair of which rotates
with greater velocity than the last. On leaving the third pair of rollers the wool falls
upon an endless apron I which conducts it away from the apparatus.
The bearings of one roller of each pair aro fixed. The bearings of the other roller
are acted upon by powerful springs G which press the said bearings against abutments
or regulating screws H.
If a piece of wood, leather or anything bulky passes, the springs yield, momentarily,
allowing the abnormal separation of the rollers so as to avoid any damage to the
apparatus. Plates L constantly scrape the surfaces of the rollers.
The crushing press which we have described can be very easily regulated and
operated. It can replace advantageously, the ordinary crushing apparatus used in the
burring of wool by carbonization, but it has a marked advantage for the purely
mechanical burring of waste wool.
The improved apparatus is employed after washing and before carding. It can
easily supply twelve or fifteen ordinary carding machines with wool, the burrs of which,
having been crushed, cannot pass into the combs.
Instead of using the scrapers L, the crushing cylinders A, B, C and A', B¹, 0¹ may
be placed near together in the vertical direction. It is evident that with this arrange-
ment, owing to the direction of rotation of the rollers, the latter easily clean each
other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
First. The arrangement in horizontal planes of the several pairs of cylinders of a
crushing machine, thereby enabling the material to be crushed to be passed between
several successive pairs of rollers without the employment of intermediate endless
aprons.
Second. The combination, with the crushing rollers, of the fly for distributing
wool over the surface of the said rollers, thereby ensuring the proper operation of
the apparatus.
Third. The combination, with the crushing rollers, of means for regulating and
maintaining the same at a suitable distance apart so as not to damage the wool.