Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 15th May, 1890-Accepted, 19th July, 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
I, FREDERICK SANDERSON of 36, La-Salle Street, in the City of Chicago, County
of Cook and State of Illinois, United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPE WRITING MACHINES,"
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Referring to the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1. is a top plan view of my improved type writing machine.
Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the movable carriage, detached from the machine,
and partly broken away to show some of the operative parts.
Fig. 3 is a cross section, taken on the broken line 1-1 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a detail front elevation of the central part of the movable carriage and
stationary frame partly broken away.
Fig. 5 is a view of the line-feed device.
Fig. 6 is an elevation of the line-feed roll.
Fig. 7 is a detail bottom plan view of a part of the rubber type segment.
Fig. 8 is a view of the spring for the feed roll and its attachments.
The following is a description of the parts of the machine. 1 is the type carrying
segment; 2 is a segmental piece of rubber secured to segment 1, and having letters,
figures and characters for printing formed on its under side, an index plate,
secured to the top of the movable carriage, and having marked upon its upper
surface, letters, etc., corresponding to those on the rubber above described. 4 is a
lever. It and the segment 1 are rigidly mounted on the post 5, which is journaled in
a part of the frame on which the movable carriage is operated.
This lever 4 is made in two sections which are hinged together as shown in Fig. 3.
Rigidly secured to the lower side of the front section, is the forked lever 7 which
passes under a collar on the sleeve 8, loosely surrounding the post 5. 9 is a ratchet
bar rigidly secured lengthwise in the frame which supports the inovable carriage.
Two collars, 10,-10 encircle this so as to slide upon it. A frame 11 is secured to
these collars on their inner sides, and is rigidly secured to the sleeve 8 at its back
part. The ratchet wheel 12 is pivoted on the frame supporting the movable carriage
so as to engage with the ratchet bar. The coiled spring 13 is secured within this
wheel, to the wheel and its pivot. 14 is a pawl pivoted in one side of the frame 11,
at the under side of the same at such a point that it will engage with the wheel 12.
15 is a pawl rigid with the frame 11 on its inner and upper edge, placed at a point
back of the pawl 14 a distance equal to the width of one cog of wheel 12 so as to
engage with wheel 12 whenever pawl 14 becomes disengaged. 17 is the pivot upon
which pawl 14 is secured. 16 is a short lever rigidly secured to the top of said pivot
and resting upon an arm of frame 11. 18 is a spring designed to actuate said lever.
19 is a tube rigidly secured to the center of the frame, 11 on its lower side. It is
formed with the slot 23 ending a little short of its lower end; and it contains the
coiled spring 20. In its lower part, the plunger 21 is inserted. This is retained by
its fin 22 extending through the slot.
The thumb-piece of the line feed 24 is formed with a groove running about its inner
face and with holes made in this groove at a distance from each other equal to the
desired space between lines. The spring-dog 25 is secured at one end to the frame so
that it will drop into these holes as the feed roll is revolved, thus indicating when the
proper space has been described for another line. 32 is a spring designed to keep
the feed roll pressed down upon the paper lying on the tablet 31. This spring passes
under the lugs 34 and over the pin 35 secured on the inner front face of the tablet 31,
and at each end is bent upward and hooked over the feed roll. The parallel index
bars 26 and 27 are secured, the former to the frame supporting the movable carriage,

page_text: the latter to the lower part of the machine. 28 is a bent spring placed with its con-
vex side down, and acting upward upon the frame 11. 29 is the ink pad. This is
formed with a slot in the middle to permit the.plunger to force the types down upon
the paper one at a time; and it is secured beneath the center of the index plate, to
the carriage. 30 represents oval holes made between the letters in the rubber type
segment, to increase the facility of the downward movement of the types. 31 is a
tablet secured upon the bottom of the machine to support the paper upon which
printing is being done. The feed roll is placed just above this. 36 is an index hand,
secured to the rigid part of the lever 4 and extending over the index plate.
The following is a description of the operation of the machine.
The sheet of paper is passed in beneath the line feed-roll till its edge is below the
bar 27. It is then ready to receive impressions from the types. Now, placing the
lever 4 above the desired letter on the index plate, press down upon the front end.
This action will depress the front end of frame 11 and with it the tube 19 and the
plunger 21, the latter being thus pressed down upon the rubber type segment over the
desired letter which it will print upon the paper. The same action will also raise
the rear end of the frame 11. As shown above, frame 11 is pivoted to collars 10-10,
and is rigidly secured to sleeve 8; forked lever 7 engages with the collar on sleeve 8,
and is actuated by the movement of the front section of lever 4, the hinge of the
latter being the common fulcrum of said front section and of lever 7. Hence, when
the front end of lever 4 is depressed, the rear end of the frame 11 is raised and its
front end depressed. Thus the pawl 14 will be disengaged from the wheel 12, and
will be thrown backward. by the action of the spring 18; the wheel will revolve by
the action of the spring 13.; but will be stopped by the pawl 15 as soon as it has
turned through a space equal to the width of one cog. Thus a letter is printed and
the carriage advanced a space and made ready for the printing of another letter, by
means of the single movement of the hand.
Releasing the pressure on lever 4, frame 11 will be returned to its original position
by the action of the spring 28, pawl 15 will be disengaged, and pawl 14 will engage
with the next cog of wheel 12.
When a line is finished, the line feed roll is turned by hand until the spring-dog 25,
leaving the hole in which it has been resting, drops into the next hole.
The spring 20 is employed in the tube 19 so as to give elasticity to the pressure
of the plunger 21.
Whenever a wrong
The bars 26 and 27 are marked in corresponding scales.
letter is printed, the carriage and its frame are lifted, to see where such letter is, in
its relation to the scale on bar 27. The carriage is then moved till its center line is
above the corresponding point on the scale of bar 26, when, it is obvious, the desired
letter can be printed in its proper place.
A space is left blank on the type segment equal to the proper space to be left
between words. And the corresponding point is, of course, indicated on the index
plate, over which the lever 4 is to be brought and depressed, whenever a word has
been finished.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. In a typewriter, the combination of a printing lever formed in two sections,
hinged to each other, a forked lever rigidly secured to the front section, the sleeve 8
formed with a collar and fitting loosely on the pivot 5, the frame 11 secured rigidly
to said sleeve, the plunger 21, and the sleeves 10-10 on the bar 9, substantially as
and for the purposes stated.
2. In a typewriter, the combination of the frame 11 rigidly secured to the sleeve 8
and having its arms secured to the sleeves 10-10, the pawl 14 pivoted in an arm of
frame 11, the lever 16 rigidly secured to the top of such pivot above said arm, wheel 12,
ratchet bar 9, the spring 18 secured so as to actuate said lever, and the pawl 15.
integral with said arm, substantially as and for the purposes stated.

page_text: 3. In a typewriter, the ratchet wheel 12 pivoted on the frame which supports the
movable carriage, in combination with the ratchet bar 9, the coiled spring 13 secured
to said wheel within the same and to its pivot, the pawls 14 and 15, frame 11, and
the flat spring 31 secured beneath said wheel so as to act upon the arms of frame 11
substantially as and for the purposes stated.
4. In a typewriter, the combination of the printing lever 4, the type-bearing
segment 1, the index plate 3, frame 11, the tube 19 secured to the lower side of the
said frame at its center line and formed with a slot extending nearly to its lower end,
the coiled spring contained in said tube and the plunger 21 inserted in the lower end
of said tube and secured therein by its pin extending through the said slot,
substantially as and for the purposes stated.
5. The combination of the tablet 36, the feed-roll 24, and the spring 32 arranged to
press the feed roll down upon the tablet, as stated.
Dated this outh day of April 1890.
FREDERICK SANDERSON.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.