IMPROVEMENTS I LOOMS FOR WEAVING CARPETS AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Brierley, the elder, of Cleckheaton, in the
County of York, Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
I LOOMS FOR WEAVING CARPETS AND OTHER FABRICS."
Sealed the 1st April 1859, and dated the 2nd October 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Brierley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd October 1858.
I, WILLIAM BRIERLEY, the elder, of Cleckheaton, in the County of York,
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING CARPETS AND OTHER FABRICS," to be as
follows:-
but
may
This Invention relates chiefly to the weaving of Scotch carpets by power,
be adapted to other weavings, and consists in so combining, arranging,
and applying mechanism or apparatus in conjunction with a jacquard machine,
as to render such loom self-acting in the production of the various figures or
designs required in such fabrics.
A series of rising and falling or other change shuttle boxes are employed at
each end of the lathe or going part; the number of such boxes correspond with
or are suitable for the various colours or changes of weft required. Tappets
or cam wheels having different elevations or lifts corresponding with the
number of boxes employed, are applied at each end of the lathe or to each
series of boxes affixed on a shaft, which receives intermittent motion from the

page_text: crank shaft of the loom by means of other cams which operate moveable palls
or catches, and which actuate ratchet or catch wheels affixed on the said tappet
shaft. The picking tappets are also affixed on the crank shaft, and are put in or
out of gear or contact with their respective picking levers as may be required,
by means of other suitably formed cams, which receive continuous motion from
the crank shaft, and which operate at proper times so as either to cause a pick
to be made alternately from each side, or twice from one and once from the
other, or in any other determinate order that may be required to suit the
pattern or design of fabric. I also rise the shed or open the warp by means
of a cam or cams affixed on the crank shaft, which act upon levers alternately
brought into contact therewith by other levers, which derive motion from other
cams affixed on the ordinary low shaft of the loom or on the crank shaft.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Brierley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd April 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BRIERLEY, the elder, of Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Machine Maker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Brierley, the elder, Her special licence that I, the said William
Brierly, the elder, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said William Brierley, the elder, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING CARPETS AND OTHER FABRICS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Brierley, the elder, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Brierley, the elder, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
This Invention relates chiefly to the weaving of Scotch carpets by power,
but may be adapted to other weavings; and consists in so combining, arranging,
and applying mechanism or apparatus in conjunction with a jacquard machine
as to render such looms self-acting in the production of the various figures or.
designs required in such fabrics.
A series of rising and falling or other change shuttle boxes are employed at
each end of the lathe or "going part," the number of such boxes corresponding
with or suitable for the various colors or changes of weft required. Tappets
or cam wheels having different elevations or lifts corresponding with the
number of boxes employed, are applied at each end of the lathe, or to each
series of boxes, affixed on a shaft which receives motion from the crank shaft
of the loom for operating the said shuttle boxes. The picking tappets are
affixed on the crank shaft, and are put in or out of gear or contact with their
respective picking levers as may be required by means of suitably formed cams
affixed on the tappet shaft, which operate levers at proper times so as either
to cause a pick to be made alternately from each side, or twice from one side
and once from the other, or in any other determinate order that may be
required to suit the pattern or design of the fabric. I also raise the shed or
open the warp by means of a cam or cams affixed on the crank shaft, or so as
to be operated thereby, and which act alternately upon levers and rods for
working the jacquard machine.
And in order that my said Invention may be clearly understood, I have
given reference to the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings in which similar
letters refer to the same parts of the machine in different views or Figures.
Fig. 1 (Sheet 1) is an end elevation of a loom constructed according to
this Invention, Fig. 2 is a front elevation, and Fig. 3 is a plan of a portion of
the same. A is the lathe or "going part," which is suspended by arms a from
the top of the loom framing. At each end of the lathe are a series of three
rising and falling shuttle boxes B. Attached to each series of boxes are rods b
connected to beams C, which are capable of oscillating on the bearings cat
each end of the loom. Rods D are connected to these beams, and to one end
of each of the levers E, which levers are jointed at the other end to the loom
frame. F are the tappets or cam wheels, which are formed of three different
elevations or lifts corresponding with the number of shuttle boxes employed,
affixed on the shaft f, one at each end of the loom, and placed in such position

page_text: as to be capable of operating the levers E (which rest thereon), rotary motion
being communicated thereto from the crank shaft by means of spur gearing of
suitable proportions. The various lifts on the tappets are so formed, and the
tappets so placed on the shaft relatively to each other, as to rise or fall each
series of the boxes at the proper time or times required; G are the picking
tappets affixed on the crank shaft; H are the picking levers, which are hinged
at one end to the loom framing, at the other are rods connected to the picking
arms. The levers have friction pullies h, which are capable of sliding on their
axes into or out of contact with the "noses" g of the picking tappets; I are
cams of suitable form fixed on the tappet shaft, which indicate and actuate the
pullies through the medium of the levers and springs j, as required; K
is a cam or plate wheel carrying friction pullies k on each opposite side
thereof, which act alternately upon each of the levers L, and which, by means
of rods M, operate the levers for working the jacquard machine. The plate
wheel K is fixed to the boss of a spur wheel N, which is carried on a stud
fixed to the loom frame, and is turned by a pinion O of half the size fixed on
the crank shaft; consequently the plate wheel makes only one revolution to
every two revolutions of the crank shaft.
Figs. 4 and 5 (Sheet 2) are side and edge views of one of the tappets F,
with part of one of the levers E, in which is a friction pulley & to rest on the
edge of the tappet; Figs. 6 and 7 are elevation and plan of one of the picking
tappets G, with its "nose" g, a portion of a picking lever H with its friction
pulley and the spring; with the cam I and the lever J, which is hinged on
a stud affixed to a portion of the loom framing; Figs. 8 and 9 are side and
edge views of the cam I, which is made with recesses suitably arranged to
allow the spring j to press the pulley into contact with the nose of the
picking tappet at the time when a pick is to be made from that side of the
loom, and it will be observed the cam may be made of any size suitable to the
number of projections and recesses required for any order of picking, so as to
cause a change of the pulley at every revolution of the crank shaft, or at any
other desirable time; Figs. 10 and 11 are side and end views of the plate
wheel K with the friction pulleys k, and portions of the levers L and the spur
wheel N, on a stud affixed to the framing of the loom.
I have herein shewn and described a series of three rising and falling shuttle
boxes at each end of the lathe, and the tappets for operating them arranged so
as to change them in a regular order; but it is evident that other numbers and
kinds of change shuttle boxes may be employed, and the tappets may be
formed so as to operate in various other orders according to the various colors
of weft required to be introduced. It will also be perceived that the tappets
:

page_text: may be either driven by gear wheels of suitable relative proportions of size, or
by means of cranks or eccentrics with palls or catches and ratchet wheels, or
by "star wheel" motion, but I prefer gear wheels.
Having thus fully described the nature of my said Invention and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I would have it distinctly
understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details of construction
and arrangement of the apparatus as herein set forth; but what I claim and
believe to be new within the realm is,―
Firstly, the means or methods of operating change shuttle boxes in looms for
weaving Scotch carpets and similar fabrics, substantially as herein explained.
Secondly, the means or method of indicating the time of and actuating the
parts for picking the shuttles in such looms, as herein set forth.
Thirdly, the means or method of opening the shed, or of working the
jacquard machinery employed for such purpose, in weaving carpets and similar
fabrics, as herein described.
And, fourthly, the constructing, combinating, and general arrangement of
mechanism for the purposes herein set forth, substantially as herein described
and illustrated in the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Brierley, the elder, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this First day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
WILLIAM BRIERLEY, THE ELDER.
(L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named William Brierley, the elder, in the
presence of
WM TASKER, Patent Agent,
Halifax.