A New and Improved Method of Glazing Windows, Skylights, Domes, Horticultural and other Analogous Structures.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 28th May, 1891-Accepted, 4th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New and Improved Method of Glazing Windows, Skylights, Domes,
Horticultural and other Analogous Structures.
I, LOUDON MCQUEEN of Dalveen Cardonald in the County of Renfrew North
Britain, Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention which relates to a new and improved method of glazing windows,
skylights, domes, horticultural and other analogous structures has for its object
more especially the non-employment of putty or other kind of cement and consists
in checking the astragal to allow a solid bed for the glass; and in covering the
joints of the panes where they rest thereon with strips of lead of suitable thickness
and width. The said strips of lead hold the panes in position and are held down
themselves securely to the astragals by screw-nails or their equivalents. Washers
of brass or other metal or alloy are provided between the heads of the screws and
the strips of lead to prevent injury to the lead when the screws are being driven
home; and these together form a water tight joint or joints.
The strips of lead are cut a little in excess of the length of the panes of glass for
overlapping as hereinafter explained.
To illustrate how my invention may be carried into practice I have appended an
explanatory sheet of drawings.
Figure represents in plan; Figure 2 in transverse section; and Figure 3 in
longitudinal section fragmental views of the structure.
The rafter is marked A, (seen more particularly in Figures 2 and 3). B and B¹
represent four panes of glass. The two marked B₁ are overlapped by the two
marked B. C and C' the strips of lead. D the washer; E the screw nail.
It will be seen at the point of overlapping as aforesaid in Figures 1 and 3 the
strip of lead C comes flush with the overlapping pane B, while the strip of lead C
overlaps C, and here a screw nail E, passes through the two thicknesses of lead and
firmly secures them in situ. Other screws are arranged at suitable distances apart
along the joint.
A groove F, is cut at either side of the screw nail E, to provide against any
leakage from rain getting beneath the glass by conducting it down the whole length
of rafter to a suitable source of drain.
It is to be understood, although I have referred to the non-employment of putty
or its equivalent as a general rule, that in some cases it may be used for bedding
the panes where they lie along the rafters :-for instance when the structure is
required to be airtight as well as watertight.
Dated this 16th day of September 1890.
LOUDON M QUEEN,
Dalveen, Cardonald, Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New and Improved Method of Glazing Windows, Skylights, Domes,
Horticultural and other Analogous Structures.
I, LOUDON MCQUEEN of Dalveen, Cardonald, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention, which relates to a new and improved method of glazing windows,
skylights, domes, horticultural and other analogous structures, has for its object,

page_text: .
more especially, the non-employment of putty or other kind of cement, and consists
in checking the astragal to allow a solid bed for the glass, and in covering the
joints of the panes, where they rest thereon, with strips of lead of suitable thickness
and width. The said strips of lead hold the panes in position and are held down
themselves to the astragals by screw-nails or their equivalents. Washers of brass,
or other metal or alloy, are provided between the heads of the screws and the strips
of lead to prevent injury to the lead when the screws are being driven home as well
as to clamp the whole together and these conjointly form a water tight joint
or joints.
The said strips of lead are cut a little in excess of the length of the panes of
glass for the purpose of overlapping as hereinafter explained.
To illustrate how my invention may be carried into practice I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings. Figure 1 represents in plan, Figure 2
in transverse section; Figure 3 in longitudinal section fragmental views of the
structure, while Figure 4, being a similar view to Figure 3, shews more particularly
the check or recess cut in the astragal or rafter.
The first operation of glazing according to my improvements is to commence at
the bottom of the roof or sides of the greenhouse, where the lead is bent down to
abut the edge of the glass as shewn in Figure 5.
The rafter or astragal is marked A, the check or recess A.', seen more particularly
in Figures 3 and 4. B and B' represent four panes of glass. The two marked B¹
are overlapped by the two marked B. C, and C', the strips of lead. D, the
washer, preferably square in shape but may be round or of any other shape. E the
screw nail.
It will be seen at the point of overlapping as aforesaid in Figures 1 and 3, the
strip of lead C, comes flush with the overlapping pane B, while the strip of lead C,
overlaps C, and here a screw nail E, passes through the two thicknesses of lead
and firmly secures them in situ. Other screws are, or may be, arranged at suitable
distances apart along the joint.
A groove F, is cut at either side of the screw nail E, to provide against any
leakage from rain getting beneath the glass by conducting it down the whole length
of rafter to a suitable source of drain; this forms no part of my present invention.
It is to be understood, although I have referred to the non-employment of putty
or its equivalent, as in general practice it may be dispensed with, still in some
cases it may be used for embedding the panes where they lie along the astragal or
rafter, for example: when the structure is required to be air-tight as well as
water-tight.
In order to facilitate the checking or recessing of the astragals or rafters with
accuracy, and at the same time with expedition, I take any suitable number of the
same, clamping them together side by side and by one operation of the plane and
saw convert their upper surfaces into as many checks or recesses as may be deemed
necessary. This operation will be well understood to any practical horticultural
builder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In the method of glazing, windows, skylights, domes, horticultural and other
analogous structures, the employment of lead strips and metal washers, preferably
brass, with or without putty secured as hereinbefore described and illustrated in
Figs. 1, 2, and 3, in combination with the checking or recessing of the astragals or
rafters, so as to provide a suitable bed or seat for the panes of glass, hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figure 4 of the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Dated this 27th dow of Ma- 1001