IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN DYEING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th March 1882. A communication
from abroad by Joseph Hanson of Philadelphia, in the County of Philadelphia
and State of Pennsylvania, United States of America
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent. IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN DYEING
[A communication from abroad by Joseph Hanson of Philadelphia, in the County of
Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, United States of America]
The object of this Invention is to facilitate the dyeing of yarn and other fibrous
substances.
The invention consists in the combination with the vat of vertically moving
frames carrying the skein supporting rollers, and the drive shaft, of angle levers,
connecting bars, and cranks, whereby the said frames and yarn supporting rollers
are raised and lowered; also in the combination with the vat, and the vertically
moving frame of chains, shafts, gear wheels, and a crank shaft, whereby the said
frames and the skein supporting rollers can be readily raised for convenience in
inserting and removing the yarn; also in the combination with the vat, and the
driving shafts, of stationary bars carrying fixed cross bars, sliding bars carrying
loose cross bars, and a cross bar connecting the sliding bars and connected with a
lever operated by an eccentric attached to the driving shaft, whereby one side of
the skeins is clamped and held while the skein supporting rollers are being raised
to shift the skeins upon the said supporting rollers; and also in the combination
with the vat, of a lever, eccentric, and the driving shaft, of a lever fulcrumed
within the vat, and a stirrer, whereby the dye in all parts of the vat is kept at a
uniform strength; and in other details of construction and combination of parts, as
will be hereinafter fully described.
To the ends of the driving shaft which revolves in bearings in brackets on the
end of the vat or other suitable support are attached cranks, or crank wheels, to
the crank pins of which are pivoted the ends of connecting rods whose other ends

page_text: are pivoted to the ends of connecting bars, which extend horizontally along the
sides of the vat. The ends of the connecting bars are pivoted to the ends of the
arms of pairs of angle levers which are pivoted at their angles to gudgeons or other
pivots attached to the sides of the vat or to other suitable supports. To the other
arms of the angle levers are pivoted rollers upon which rest the lower longitudinal
bars of upright frames. The ends of the lower bars of these frames project into vertical
slots in guide bars attached to the end parts of the sides of the vat and along the
inner sides of which the upright bars of the frames move. The frames are
connected by cross bars at their upper corners. In the upper edges of the top bars
of the frames are formed short slots to receive the ends of loose rollers which are
passed through the skeins of yarn to be dyed and thus support the yarn. With
this construction as the driving shaft is revolved the frames will be raised and
lowered, raising the lower part of the yarn out of, and lowering it into the liquid
dye in the vat so that the yarn will be alternately immersed in the dye, and exposed
to the air.
The skeins upon each roller are kept separate from the skeins upon the adjacent
roller by fixed bars the ends of which are secured in notches in the upper sides of
the stationary bars secured to the upper edges of the sides of the vat.
To the centre of the driving shaft is attached an eccentric around which passes a
strap. To the arm of the eccentric strap is pivoted the lower end of a lever,
several holes being formed in the said arm to receive the pivoting bolt so that the
pivoting point, and consequently the throw of the lever can be regulated as
required. The lever is pivoted to a slotted standard, a bracket, or other suitable
support attached to the end of the vat. The upper end of the lever is forked to
receive the middle part of a cross bar the ends of which are attached to the ends
of two sliding bars placed at the outer sides of the stationary bars in the upper
edges of the sides of the vat and kept in place by keepers attached to the
corners of the top of the vat. The edges of the sliding bars project above the
stationary bars and are notched slotted or recessed to receive removable cross bars
which are passed through the skeins of yarn suspended from the rollers.
The fixed bars which serve to keep the skein separate and these movable cross
bars are so arranged that when the sliding bars are moved in one direction by the
action of the eccentric one side of the skeins of yarn will be clamped and held
between the said bars while the rollers are raised by the upward movements of
the frames so that the rollers will move upon the skeins. As the bars and frames
descend the moveable cross bars are moved back from the fixed bars releasing the
skeins, and allowing their lower parts to be immersed in the dye.
By this construction different parts of the skeins will be immersed in the dye at
each descent of the frames and the skeins will always be turned upon the rollers,
in the same direction, so that all parts of the skeins will receive an equal number
of immersions, and will be exposed to the air for an equal length of time so as to
be dyed evenly.
With the middle part of the cross bar is connected by a link or other suitable
connection, the upper end of a lever which projects above the top of the vat and is
pivoted at its middle part to a bracket, staple or other support attached to the
middle part of the inner side of the end of the vat. To the lower end of this lever
is hinged a branched bar or frame which extends along the bottom of the vat and
has paddles attached to it so that the liquid dye will be kept stirred and thus kept
at equal strength in all parts of the vat.
To the bottom bara of the movable frames are attached the lower ends of short
chains the upper ends of which are attached to the rotary shafts which revolve in
bearings attached to the end parts of the sides of the vat or to the slotted upright
guide bars. To one end of these shafts are attached beveled gear wheels the teeth
of which mesh into the teeth of corresponding beveled gear wheels attached to the
ends of a shaft which crosses the end of the vat, and revolves in bearings attached
to the said end of the vat and has a gear wheel attached to it, the teeth of which

page_text: mesh into the teeth of a smaller gear wheel attached to another shaft. This latter
shaft revolves in bearings attached to the end of the vat and to its outer end is
attached a crank so that by turning the said crank the chains will be wound upon
the rotary shafts and the sliding frames will be raised, raising the yarn out of the
5 vat for convenience in removing the dyed yarn and replacing it with undyed yarn.
The sliding frames are held in place when raised by a pawl which engages with
the teeth of a ratchet wheel attached to the crank shaft.