AN IMPROVED SPECIES OF YARN MANUFACTURED FROM FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND APPARATUS FOR ITS MANUFACTURE
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gustavus Adolphus John Schott and John Siegmund
Rosenthal, all of Bradford, in the County of York, Woollen Spinners,
for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED SPECIES OF YARN MANUFACTURED FROM
FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND APPARATUS FOR ITS MANUFACTURE."
Sealed the 12th July 1867, and dated the 31st January 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gustavus Adolphus John:
Schott and John Siegmund Rosenthal at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 31st January 1867.
We, GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS JOHN SCHOTT and JOHN SIEGMUND ROSENTHAL,
all of Bradford, in the County of York, Woollen Spinners, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SPECIES OF YARN MANU-
FACTURED FROM FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND APPARATUS FOR ITS MANUFacture," to
be as follows:-
The primary object of our Invention is to produce what may be termed an
improved sort of mottled yarn in the twisting of the same, whether in the
spinning frame or in the twisting frame properly so called. We effect this

page_text: by employing a rod placed over the top board of the frame and extending
from end to end of the same. Small pieces of metal having holes therein for
the passage of threads are connected to this rod, such pieces of metal being
placed opposite each delivering pair of rollers. At either end of the frame
we gear from the usual motions of spinning or twisting frames an adjustable
excentric lever or tappet motion, which we connect to the rod before named.
By this means we impart to the said rod, and therefore to the slips of metal
connected therewith, a motion in the arc of a circle. The result of this is
(one or more threads passing between the regular delivering rollers and one
or more between an additional pair of rollers), say, for example, where black
and steel colours are united, the product is variegated, that is to say, not
uniform, and the effect may be varied by altering the arrangement of the
motion before alluded to in reference to the longitudinal rod.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Gustavus Adolphus John Schott and John Siegmund
Rosenthal in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th July 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GUSTAVUS
ADOLPHUS JOHN SCHOTT and JOHN SLEGMUND ROSENTHAL, all of Bradford, in
the County of York, Woollen Spinners, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Gustavus Adolphus John Schott and John Siegmund Rosenthal, Her
special licence that we, the said Gustavus Adolphus John Schott and John
Siegmund Rosenthal, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Gustavus Adolphus John Schott and John Siegmund
Rosenthal, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED SPECIES OF YARN
MANUFACTURED FROM FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND APPARATUS FOR ITS MANUFACTURE,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Gustavus Adolphus
John Schott and John Siegmund Rosenthal, our executors or administrators,
"

page_text: by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Gustavus Adolphus John Schott and
John Siegmund Rosenthal, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to
say:
The primary object of our. Invention is to produce what may be termed an
improved sort of mottled yarn in the twisting of the same, whether in the
spinning frame .or in the twisting frame properly so called. We effect this
by employing a rod placed over the top board of the frame and extending.
from end to end of the same. Small pieces of metal having holes therein for
the passage of extra threads (which are to be wound or twisted around) from
an extra creel board are connected to this rod, such pieces of metal being
placed opposite each delivering pair of rollers.. Twisted guide wires may be
used in connection with the longitudinal rod, or a plain rod running parallel
with such and actuated in a manner named herein-after may be used. 'At
either end of the frame we gear from the usual motions of spinning or twisting
frames an adjustable eccentric lever or tappet motion, which we connect to
the first-named longitudinal rod, or we can substitute a longitudinal fixed rod
having a circular motion in front of the rollers, which will produce the same
effect. By this means we impart to the said rod, and therefore to the slips"
of metal or other substitutes connected therewith, a motion very slightly in
the arc.of a circle, or straight and in a vertical direction, except when the
circular motion is, substituted. The result of this is (one or more threads
passing between the regular delivering rollers and one or more between an
additional pair of rollers placed either over the front rollers or towards the
back of the frame), say, for example, where black and steel colours are united
the product is variegated, that is to say, not. uniform, and the effect may be
varied by altering the arrangement of the motions before alluded to in reference
to the longitudinal 'rod.
3
In order, however, that our Invention may be the better understood
reference is made to the accompanying Sheets of Drawings, and the letters and
figures niarked thereon.

page_text: Figure 1 represents a partial end elevation of a twisting frame (of the usual
construction for woollens) with our improvements shown in connection therewith,
and Figure 2 is a partial plan of the same.
Letter A represents a carrying framework secured to the end frame B, and
supporting the ordinary. front rollers C, C, as well as the additional rollers D, D.
The lower rollers are geared in the usual manner, the upper ones being
rotated by friction, the ordinary appliances customary in this class of machinery
being used, and separate guide frame wires c and d being placed behind each
pair of rollers. In front of the front rollers our longitudinal circular motion
rod E is shown secured to the pinion e furnished with slots e, e¹, in order that
its distance from the centre of the pinion may be adjusted. The pinion e is
driven through intermediate gearing from a wheel on the lower front roller.
At either end of the frame and in front of it we secure a bracket, to which is
bolted a carrying bracket for some of the intermediate gearing just referred
to and the shaft E (having a circular motion), as also the bracket G, which
supports a fixed longitudinal rod H.running parallel to the rod E. Referring
to the threads or strands of yarn, and the distinguishing numbers of the same,
it will be seen that No. 1, which, for example, may be supposed to be crimson
in colour, and silk fibre passes from an ordinary creel board (which is not
shown) in the direction of the arrows through the guide wires d, between the
rollers D, D, and round the fixed rod H (so placed as to cause the yarn to
fall at or near right angles to that on which it is wound) over the rotary
rod E to join the yarn (which we may assume to be black woollen fibre)
emerging from the front rollers C, C, at the point x, the process of forming
a knot or longitudinal close twist there taking place, the irregularity in the
twist being caused by the motion of the rod E, the thread or threads No. 1
being wound round that or those of No. 2 with knots at given intervals, such
intervals being determined by the relative speeds of the various pairs of rollers
the speed and the distance of the rod E from the centre of its motion e.. The
additional pair of rollers D, D, form an important feature in securing by
means of a steady and uniform delivery the regular production of the
irregular effects in the twisted yarns. This motion is of course equally
applicable for the twisting of yarns during the process of spinning to spinning
frames.
Figures 3, 4, and 5 represent a partial end, front elevation, and section of a
twisting frame constructed as before with additional back rollers D, D, and

page_text: guide wires d, but with an eccentric J (see Figure 6, which shows the motion.
more clearly) driven from the lower front roller imparting motion through the
connecting rod i to the lever J', and therefore to the longitudinal rod K
working vertically upon the upright rods k¹ and carrying the guide wires ?
placed opposite to the bobbins with it. The yarns pass through the rollers.
in the same manner as indicated in the first arrangement (that termed No. 1,
passing over the fixed rod which guides it at or near right angles to
that on which it is wound) and are united at a with the same result
as before. As in the previous case this motion is adapted for use in
spinning frames, and we can thus twist simultaneously with the process of
spinning.
Another and third method of arriving at this result is as seen in section
Figure 7, and end elevation Figure 8, of an ordinary spinning frame with the
extra rollers D, D, as before and separate guide wires for the same. In this
case a longitudinal rod L running in front of the front rollers the length of
the frame is supported by brackets M at either end, and if needful in the
centre, and having a lever N keyed on to each end, the extremities of which
carry friction rollers working within grooved cams O driven by pinion wheels
in any convenient manner, or elliptical toothed wheels may be substituted for
the cams and their levers to impart a vertical reciprocating motion. Parallel
with the rod L is a rod or wire P supported by levers extending from the
rod L. The yarn designated No. 1 in the previous cases after passing
through its rollers passes round the rod L and over the rod P to the point of
junction, there united at a similar angle to those previously described with
what is then being made the yarn No. 2, which in this instance is in the process
of being spun from the roving. This motion may also be applied to twisting
frames.
We deem the essential features of our Invention to consist,-
Firstly, in the production of an irregularly twisted yarn of the nature
named, such irregularities occuring at stated intervals, and consisting of
the outer or wound yarn being in the form of a knot or longitudinal close
twist.
And, secondly, the accomplishment of such a result in either spinning or
twisting frames, properly so called, by any of the methods shown and described
(without confining ourselves to the precise details shown), viz., a circular
motion as described, a vertical lift motion imparted through an eccentric or
crank and lever or a slightly curved vertical lift in conjunction with an
additional pair of delivering rollers in any of such methods to ensure

page_text: uniformity of delivery, especial care being taken in each and all of the methods
shown and described to cause the yarn termed No. 1 to effect a junction at or
near right angles to the yarn No. 2 emitted from the ordinary delivery rollers
in twisting frames or in spinning frames to the yarn that is in process of
spinning.
In witness whereof, we, the said Gustavus Adolphus John Schott and
John Siegmund Rosenthal, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Tenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-seven.
Witness,
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS JOHN SCHOTT. (LS.).
JOHN SIEGMUND ROSENTHAL.
(L.S.)
PHILIP H. SHARP,
Agent to the Patentees,
Leeds and Bradford.
July 10th 1867.