IMPROVEMENTS IN ROOFS OR COVERINGS FOR CARRIAGES AND PERAMBULATORS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, Proprietor of the
firm of J. Brandt & G. W v Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer
of 124 Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin Germany for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ROOFS OR COVERINGS FOR CARRIAGES AND PERAMBULATORS"
munication from Louis Schmetzer of Rothenburg on the Tauber German
Empire
A com-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von
Nawrocki at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th May
1882.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the firm of J. Brandt
& G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer of 124, Leipzigerstrasse,
Berlin, Germany, "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROOFS OR COVERINGS FOR CARRIAGES
AND PERAMBULATORS (A communication from Louis Schmetzer of Rothenburg
on the Tauber, German Empire)
"
The roofs or coverings for basket and similar carriages heretofore made with a
skeleton or rib framing of wooden half circular hoops are in a short time rendered
unsuitable, as the influence of the weather gives them the tendency to straighten
more or less or assume their original form whereby a strain is produced on the
basket work bending it out of shape so that the roof cannot be refixed thereto or
only with difficulty if once removed.
According to this invention the ribs are each made of three wooden parts viz :
a top part and two side parts which are connected and held together by bent metal
springs or strips. The lowest rib is connected to the basket or other carriage body
by means of one or more hooked pegs passing through or over the said rib and
driven into the basket work and this rib is fastened at each end by a hook or peg
passing through a metallic bracket or plate fixed to the carriage body; the other
ribs are similarly fastened but at their ends only. To take off the roof a pressure
is applied against the bent connecting springs so as to spread the sides of the roof
a little apart and to allow the pegs or hooks to pass out of the metallic brackets;

page_text: by then sliding the roof back it is detached from the aforesaid hooked peg or pegs
on the carriage body. This roof may be put on the front or hind part of a childrens
basket carriage and be raised or lowered as required.
Another part of this invention refers to means for raising and lowering flat or
canopy roofs for carriages and perambulators. These have heretofore been made
with a horizontal frame on which a leather or other covering is stretched and
which is fixed to the carriage body or basket by means of two vertical bars.
According to this invention these latter are connected to the roof frame as well as
to the carriage body by means of adjustable locking devices so that the roof can
be adjusted vertically and also inclined as desired, viz by inclining the bars
relatively to the carriage body and by inclining the roof relatively to the bars.
These locking devices may be of the form described in the specification of my
patent No 3925, dated 10th September 1881.
The curtain round such canopy roof has hitherto generally been made in the
form of a narrow strip fixed to the frame of the canopy, but according to this
invention it is made in two parts, a narrow curtain in front and a wide part at the
sides and behind and reaching down to the carriage body so as to form a close roof,
hut made with elastic parts or bands which can be buttoned to the carriage body
but which when detached therefrom pull up this curtain to about the height of the
front curtain so as to render the canopy of the now usual form, when desired.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 17th November 1882.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI Proprietor of the firm of J. Brandt and
G. W. v Nawrocki Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer of 124 Leipzigerstrasse
Berlin, Germany "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROOFS OR COVERINGS FOR CARRIAGES
AND PERAMBULATORS A communication from Louis Schmetzer of Rothenburg on
the Tauber, German Empire
"
The roofs or coverings for basket and similar carriages heretofore made with a
skeleton or rib framing of wooden half circular hoops are in a short time rendered
unsuitable, as the influence of the weather gives them the tendency to straighten
more or less or assume their original form whereby a strain is produced on the
basket work bending it out of shape so that the roof cannot be refixed thereto or
only with difficulty if once removed
And in order that this invention may be thoroughly understood I will now
describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings
According to this invention the ribs are each as shown at Figure 1 made of three
wooden parts videlicit a top part b and two side parts a which are connected and
held together by bent metal springs or strips d. The lowest of these hoops or ribs
is connected to the basket A Figure 2 or other carriage body by means of three or
more hooked pegs passing through or over the said rib and driven into the rim of
the basket work A and this rib is fastened at each end by a hook or peg o passing
through a metallic bracket or plate f fixed to the carriage body A the other
hooks figures 2 and 3 are placed in the front or back part of the basket. Or as
shown at Figure 34 hooks may be used which take under the rim of the basket.
By means of the springs d the books o are held securely in the holes of the
brackets while the roof is at the same time held by the said hooks.
Instead of applying the hooks o to the body of the carriage they may as shown
at Figures 7 and 8 be applied to the front ends of the ribs a and catch over the
basket rim thus preventing injury to the child or the nursemaid. In order to
render the fastening of the roof quite secure the back hooks may advantageously
as shown at Figures 9 and 10 be made in the form of double hooks. The hook r
is fixed to the rib b and catches round the outside of the basket rim, while the
adjustable half circular hooks catches round the inside of the basket rim. The
hooks is either screwed into the rib b as shown at Figures 9 and 10 or as shown
at Figure 11 fastened to the underside of b by means of a screw passing through
a slot in 8. To remove the roof the sides a are bent apart as shown by the arrows
Figure 8 their front ends raised whereupon the rear part of the roof framing can
be removed from the basket. The hooks o may obviously also be applied from
within and the outer hooks r he made adjustable and the inner hooks s fixed.
This roof may be put on the front or hind part of a childrens basket carriage and
be raised or lowered as required.
Another part of this invention refers to means for raising and lowering flat or
canopy roofs for carriages and perambulators these have heretofore been made
with a horizontal frame on which a leather or other covering is stretched and
which is connected to the carriage body or basket by means of two vertical bars
fixed on or made adjustable on the lower part. By such arrangements the roof
cannot be adjusted or if it can be adjusted then in one direction only.
According to this Invention and as shown at Figure 4 these two bars 9 are
connected to the roof frame B as well as to the brackets h on the carriage body A

page_text: by means of adjustable locking devices so that the roof can be adjusted vertically
and also inclined as desired videlicit, by inclining the bars 9 relatively to the
carriage body and by inclining the roof relatively to the bars. These locking
devices may be of the form described in the specification of my patent No 3925
dated 10th September 1881.
The curtain round such canopy roof has hitherto generally and as shown in
Figure 4 been made in the form of a narrow strip fixed to the frame B of the
canopy but according to this invention and as shown at Figures 5 and 6 it is made
in two parts n and t a narrow curtain t in front and a wide part n at the sides and
behind and reaching down to the carriage body so as to form a close roof as shown
in Figure 6 but made with elastic parts or bands Z which can be buttoned to the
carriage body but which when detached therefrom pull up this curtain to about
the height of the front curtain so as to render the canopy of the now usual form
as shown at Figure 5 when desired.
And having thus described the nature of this Invention and the manner of
carrying it into effect as communicated to me I declare that I claim.
First The hoop or rib for perambulator roofs formed of three parts a a and b
united by spring pieces d as described and for the purpose of holding the rib
together.
Second-In combination with the hoop a ab the hooks o Figure 2 which take
into holes in brackets f and the hooks Figure 3 or ¹ Figure 3a of any suitable
form and fastened to the basket itself and serving to hold the back of the hoop for
the purpose of rendering the roof removable from the basket or body of the
carriage.
Third In combination with the hoop a ab the hooks o at the ends of the
sides a and the double hook on the part b and consisting of a fixed book r and an
adjustable hook 8 which take under the basket rim as set forth.
Fourth-The combination with a canopy roof B of the bars g and suitable
locking devices such as those described in patent specification No 3925 of 1881 so
that the bars are rendered adjustable relatively to the roof B and to the body A
of the carriage as set forth.
Fifth A canopy roof consisting mainly of two parts t and n which latter is
provided with vertical elastic bands and with hooks or rings for attachment to the
body of the carriage so that the said Canopy roof may be partly or wholly opened
as set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Gerard Wenzelaus von Nawrocki have hereunto
set my hand and seal this Thirteenth day of November in the year of
our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty two.