Year: 1888

page_text: I, ERNEST HENRY GAZE, of 80 Kilravock Street, London W., in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, to be as follows::--
This invention consists in supplying the motor cylinders of Gas engines with
certain charges of compressed air and compressed gas in any desired quantities so
that they may mix in suitable proportions in the explosion chambers or cylinders of
the engine and exploding and expanding serve to actuate the engine. The charge
being supplied cold and the pressure increased by the heat of the cylinder and
further by the explosion. The amount of compression of the air and gas is
proportioned to the work required to be done about 2 to 4 atmospheres is convenient―
In carrying out my invention I construct two or more separato receivers as reservoirs
for the reception of the compressed air and the compressed gas each having its own
separate receiver or receivers. I compress the air and gas to the desired extent by
pumps or by any convenient means and store them up in their respective receivers,
these may be situated in any convenient place and distance and by suitable but
separate pipes and valves specially adapted to each kind of engine the air and the
gas admitted to the cylinder simultaneously, the valves being constructed capable of
regulation to admit a certain quantity of compressed air and certain quantity of
compressed gas in the proportions one to the other required for explosive purposes
and also for initial propulsion of the piston-One or more engines can be driven
from the same set of receivers or reservoirs of compressed air and gas.
Dated this 14th day of March 1888.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand,
Agents.

page_text: Improvements in the Mode of Working Gas Engines.
I ERNEST HENRY GAZE of 56 Walterton Road London in the County of
Middlesex Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention for Improvements in the mode of working Gas Engines has for its
object to supply charges to produce kinetic energy at and during admission to the
motor cylinders the amount of which energy is increased by the heat of the
explosions of the aforesaid charges which are caused to occur without any further
compression or re-compression of the charges in the motor cylinders of the engines
actuated; and consists in supplying the motor cylinders of Gas engines with separate
charges of compressed air and compressed gas in any desired quantities, so that they
may mix in suitable proportions in the cylinders of the Engines to be actuated, the
pressure of the charges at and during admittance being used to propel the piston to
the point of cut off where they are then exploded, the resulting expansion serving
also to actuate the said Engines-The compressed charges are supplied to the
cylinders at a low temperature, and the pressure is afterwards increased by the heat
of the explosions-The amount of the initial compression of the air and gas is
proportioned to the work to be done and can be varied say, from 30 lbs. to 60 lbs. to
the square inch so as to reduce the governing required and to assist regularity of
turning by adjusting Pressures to Loads.
In carrying out my invention I construct an apparatus for systematically accu-
mulating the pressure and power of air and gas, and for safety and other reasons
with separate receivers or reservoirs; one for the reception of the compressed air
and the other for the compressed gas. The air and gas is compressed by pumps or
by any other suitable means and are stored in their respective accumulators or
receivers which may be situated in any convenient place and at any convenient
distance from the engine to be actuated-The air and gas are admitted to the cylinders
simultaneously through separate pipes and valves. The valves can be regulated to
admit the desired quantity of compressed air and compressed gas in the required
proportion for explosive purposes and also for producing the required kinetic energy
at and during admittance.
One or more Engines can be driven from the same set of accumulators or reservoirs
of compressed air and gas.
In the accompanying two sheets of drawings Fig. 1, is a part elevation of an
apparatus suitable for compressing and storing the air and gas to be used in my
improved mode of working gas engines-Fig. 2. is a plan of the same.
The air pump a and gas pump b. are arranged on a bed plate c and are driven
from a crank shaft d itself driven by a belt working on the cone pulley e from the

page_text: gas engine actuated by the apparatus or from a separate engine-The air and gas
pumps are water jacketed to reduce the elevation of temperature of the air and gas
due to the compression, and consequently the power required to compress them.
The air and gas are pumped respectively into the reservoirs fand 9-By means of
the cone pullies e the speed of the pumps can be adjusted to regulate the supply to
the reservoirs and g according to the consumption of the Engine or Engines; and
also to vary the initial pressure on admittance to the cylinders and consequently the
force of the after resulting explosions. The air pump a is connected by the pipe h
directly to the reservoir provided with an escape valve i which limits the pressure
in the reservoir. The gas pump & is connected by a pipe m to the gas reservoir g
A pipe o communicates with the pipe m through a return valve p so adjusted that,
when the pressure in the gas reservoir g exceeds a pre-determined amount the gas
from the pump passes through the return valve p into the pipe o and thence back to
the gas supply pipe q the air and gas reservoirs f. and g. communicate with the
engine or engines to bo driven by the separate outlet pipes and n.
b
In a gas engine working according to my invention the air and gas in the
reservoirs and g are admitted through the separate supply pipes and n and
separate valves to the valve chests, and thence to the cylinder of the engine to be
actuated. The then mixed air and gas by their pressure provide the required kinetic
energy at and during admittance to cylinders to cause initial propulsion of the
engine to be actuated, and are afterwards exploded in the manner usual in gas
engines.
It will be evident that a gas engine worked according to my invention requires
no supplementary starting arrangement, nor to be started by manual force as at
present.
The engines actuated by this invention may be arranged either as single acting;
or as double acting compression gas engines, taking power on one side of piston and
exhausting on the other simultaneously.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what [
claim is
1. The construction of an apparatus to systematically compress and store air and
gas (each separately) to supply the motor cylinders of gas engines with charges of
cold compressed air and compressed gas at a sufficient pressure to give kinetic
energy at and during admittance substantially as described.
2. Supplying the motor cylinders of gas Engines with working charges of
compressed air and compressed gas at a sufficient pressure to give kinetic energy at
and during admittance the said charges being capable of and subsequently exploded
during the stroke substantially as described.
3. Enabling an impulse to be given to compression gas engines at every stroke on
one side of the motor pistons while exhausting at the other by obviating the necessity
of compressing or re-compressing in the motor cylinder by supplying the motor
cylinders with working charges, of compressed air and compressed gas at a sufficient
pressure, which are also available to give initial propulsion to the pistons the said
charges being subsequently exploded substantially as described.
4. Varying the amount of compression and consequently the resulting power of
the explosions to suit the load on the engine so as to reduce the governing required
and to secure regularity of turning by varying the speed of the pumps substantially
in the manner described.
5. Supplying air and gas to Gas Engines each compressed and stored separately
to permit regulation of the speed of engine actuated by totally cutting off the
admission of the compressed gas and admitting to the cylinders compressed air only
which is cut off as in the ordinary working and expanded to the end of the stroke
substantially as described.
6. Preventing excess of pressure in the compressed gas reservoir from the
accumulation of gas substantially in the manner described.

page_text: 7. Enabling Gas Engines worked by my improved mode to start as Steam Engines
do viz. by the kinetic energy given at and during admittance of the ordinary working
charges substantially in the manner described.
8. Supplying Gas Engines with charges of separately compressed and stored air
and gas, cooled from the heat due to compression, so that greater expansive energy
may be obtained at lower temperatures of Explosion than heretofore substantially in
the manner described.
9. The mode of working Gas Engines substantially in the manner described.
Dated this 13th day of December 1888.