IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER METERS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Pierre Joseph Guyet, of Paris, in the Empire of
France, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER
METERS."
Sealed the 5th September 1862, and dated the 8th March 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Pierro Joseph Guyet at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents with his Petition on the 8th
March 1862.
I, PIERRE JOSEPHI GUYET, of Paris, in' the Empire of France, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WATER METERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing oscillating water meters, in manner here-
after described, and in which I dispense with piston rods and slide valves. I take
a cylinder, and close it water-tight at its ends. I fit it with a piston with packings
at its two ends and cast a block of lead in the centre thereof or otherwise weight
it, the weight of the block is calculated according to the dimensions of the
cylinder. Two passages are provided in the thickness of the side of the cylinder
for the inlet and outlet of the fluid. The passages communicate with other
passages in a shaft on which the cylinder oscillates. The shaft is fixed on
bearings or supports bolted to the bottom plate of the meter; it is perforated
and receives at one end an inlet pipe and at the other end an outlet pipe.
The inlet pipe is put in communication with the passages of the cylinder by the
passages in the shaft, the outlet pipe communicates with the same by another

page_text: passage. Wien the water enters by the inlet pipe it runs into the cylinder and
its pressure forces the piston forward while the water contained in the cylinder
on the other side of the piston is forced to escape through the outlet passages
and pipe. The stroke of the piston being completed its weight causes the
cylinder to oscillate and by such motion to change the direction of the fluid,
then the contrary operation takes place and the direction is again reversed and
A pin screwed upon the cylinder moves a lever which acts upon an index
fixed on the cover or other convenient part, of the apparatus and registers the
quantity of water passed through the meter.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, file
by the said Pierre Joseph Guyet in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
8th September 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PIERRE
JOSEPHI GUYET, of Paris, in thè Empire of France, Civil Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Pierre Joseph Guyet, Her special licence that I, the said
Pierre Joseph Guyet, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Pierre Joseph Guyet, my, executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed should and
lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS. IN WATER METERS," upon the condition
(aniongst others) that I, the said Pierre Joseph Guyet, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six.
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
• NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Pierre Joseph Guyet, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto ⚫
annexed, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in constructing water meters the main feature in'
which are the employment of an oscillating cylinder with pistons connected,
fitted, and acting as hereafter described, enclosed in a case or vessel so that the
cylinder may work in the water to be measured.
In order that my Invention may be readily understood I proceed to describe
it with reference to the accompanying Drawings."
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of one of my impoved water meters, and
Figure 2, is a transverse section thereof shewing the meter placed horizon-.
tally.
A is a casing closed by end pieces B, B', kept together and tightend by bolts
and nuts c, and forming a vessel in which the meter works. This vessel is
traversed by a hollow axle D, pierced with two distributing orifices E, F, and
formed with a double conical chamber G, through which the rod connecting
the two pistons of the meter is free to pass; H is a cylinder divided into two-
compartments I, J, by the box K, and diaphragmn K' which oscillates upon
the hollow axle D, each compartment has two apertures L, L', and M, M₁,
formed in it; N, O, are two pistons connected by the rod P ; Q, Q', are
swellings on the box which act as guides to the piston rod; R, R', are cupped.
leathers, and S, S', lead weights, all united as before stated by the rod P;
water enters the vessel by the inlet pipe T, and finds its way into the oscillating
cylinder through the aperture U in the axle D, see Figure 2, and issues
through the pipe V communicating with the axle D; clockwork fixed on one
of the covers of the vessel A, receives the indication of each cylinder full
of water by the oscillation of the cylinder through a tappet Y; the
cylinder H; may be closed at its ends and then the weight of the water would
be added to that of the piston. The working of the meter is as follows:-
When the tap for the outlet of water through the pipe V is opened the equi-
librium of pressure in the apparatus is destroyed, the water enters first through
the aperture U and runs through the orifices E, L, into the compartment I,
driving before it the piston N; at the same time the water in the compart-
ment J escapes through the orifices M, F, and runs out through the outlet
pipe V. But when the piston N has attained the end of its stroke the centre
of gravity of the cylinder changes, the cylinder oscillates and takes the
position indicated by the dotted lines Figure 1. The distribution is then
reversed and the piston O in its turn acted upon by the water causes the
cylinder again to oscillate and the oscillations continuo as long as the outlet:

page_text: tap
is open. As soon as the tap is closed equilibrium is restored in the meter
and it remains at rest.
In oscillating, the cylinder comes in contact with the lever of the index.
of the register placed outside of, the apparatus and causes it to indicate
upon the dial arranged for the purpose each double cylinder full of water it
has delivered. It will be seen there can bo no loss of water, because the
meter works in the water which is to pass through it; there is no mechanical
movement beyond the oscillation of the cylinder upon its axis, consequently
there will be little wear, and therefore but few repairs can be required; foreign:
bodies such as gravel and sand will become deposited in the case and are
not likely to enter the meter as the water enters it at a height above the
bottom of the vessel in which it works.
:
At Figures 3 and 4 I shew in longitudinal section and in cross section my
water meter combined with a steam boiler, in such manner as to constitute an
automatic feed apparatus and water meter.
The meter is enclosed in a case
A which which is bolted to the boiler to be fed through the flanges; B, C, is.
a pipe fitted with a tap D worked by a float lever E; F is a rod which indi-
cates the changes in the water level in the boiler. Steam enters the meter.
through the tube G, Figure 4, and the aperture H, and after having acted
escapes through the pipe I, the feed water is drawn in through the pipe J, and
is injected into the boiler through the pipe K, which delivers it at or near the
bottom of the boiler. The cylinder L is closed at its ends, it has four com-
partments M, M', for steam and N, N1, for the feed water. The axle O,
upon which it oscillates is also divided into. four compartments, two P, P¹, for
steam and two Q, Q', for water, with three distributing orifices R, R', R", for
steam, and three S, S¹, S", for water. The steam orifices communicate with
the passages T, T, the water orifices open directly into the cylinder. The
rod U connecting the pistons is sufficiently strong to obtain the pressure in
the steam necessary to overcome the friction of the pistons. A register placed
upon one of the covers, registers the quantity of feed water. It will be observed
that the weight of the water is added to that of the pistons to cause the centro
of gravity to change. The working is similar to that of the meter represented
at Figures 1 and 2 but in the combined meter and feeder two effects are
produced-The movement of the pistons by steam and at the same time tho
suction and the injection of the water into the boiler. Upon the water level
becoming lowered in the boiler steam enters, the meter works it and causes water
to be thrown into the boiler until the proper level is restored. Thus the feed
is produced automatically, the water level is indicated outside of the boiler
and the quantity of water supplied to the boiler is measured and registered.

page_text: And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, constructing water
meters with oscillating cylinders fitted and acting substantially in manner
herein-before described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pierre Joseph Guyet, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of August One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-two.
P. J. GUYET. (L.S.)