Improvements in the Driving Mechanism of Velocipedes..
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 9th July, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 8th Apr., 1897-Accepted. 22nd May, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Driving Mechanism of Velocipedes..
I LYDDELL SAWYER of The Dudley Studio, 230 Regent Street, London West,
Photographer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Two flanged ratchet wheels are attached to the driven wheel or wheels in such a
manner that a forward pull at either ratchet wheel revolves the driven wheel or
wheels, but that the ratchets are free to return when the pull ceases and springs are
fixed to each ratchet to always ensure this return to the best position for the
next pull.
The end of a suitable wire, cord or chain is attached to one of the ratchet wheels
and then wrapped one or more times around its flanged outside.
From there the wire, cord or chain is continued to and carried around a first
flanged bearing wheel, running parallel to the moving direction of the velocipede
and fixed on the frame near to where either the pedal bracket or the saddle is found.
to be, in the usual present forms of cycles.
The same wire, cord or chain is further continued and carried around a second
flanged bearing wheel which is running at right angles to the moving direction of
the velocipede and is fixed to its frame near to where, in the present forms of cycles,
either the pedal bracket or the saddle is usually found to be-whichever place is
not occupied by the first flanged bearing wheel.
A third flanged bearing wheel is fixed on the opposite side of the velocipede to
the first one and running on the same axis. The same wire cord or chain is
continued to and carried around this third wheel, and then further continued to and
wrapped around and fastened to the flange of the second ratchet wheel which runs
on the axis of the driven wheel or wheels.
This in either case makes a continuous length of wire, cord or chain from the
first to the second flanged ratchet wheels where it is wrapped around and fastened
to each.
Foot pedals are fixed to the wire, cord or chain, one between the first and second
flanged bearing wheels and one between the second and third flanged bearing wheels,
each in such a position that either pedal can be pressed down and through the
connecting wire, cord or chain revolve the driven wheel or wheels.
When required a tube is fixed to extend between the first and second bearing
wheel and another is fixed to similarly extend between the second and third bearing
wheels, each in such a position and manner that the wire cord or chain stretched
between these wheels runs freely through the tubes.
Short rods run up and down most of the length of each of these tubes, working
on the inside of them on ball bearings. The wire, cord or chain is severed at the
parts which are within the tubes and the separated ends are fastened one part to
the top and one part to the bottom of each rod in each case.
A slot is made throughout most of the outside length of each tube and, through
these slots, foot pedals are firmly fastened to both the top and the bottom of
each rod.
The foot pedals and rods when working up and down the tubes, and through being
connected by the wire, cord or chain to the two ratchet wheels, still revolves the
driven wheel on whol

page_text: When required coil springs are fixed within the tubes, at the top and bottom of
each of them, to receive and ease the upward and downward terminations of the
strokes of the rods.
All the bearings are balled.
The two tubes and the axles & supports of the three flanged bearing wheels are
fitted together as one frame and can be attached to either new or old velocipedes
along with the bearing wheels, the ratchet wheels and the wires, cords or chains.
Dated this Eighth day of July 1896.
LYDDELL SAWYER,
230 Regent Street, London, W.
J, LYDDELL SAWYER The Dudley Studio 230 Regent Street Loudon W.
Photographer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
Two flanged ratchet wheels are attached to, the driven wheel or wheels in such
a manner that a forward pull at either ratchet wheel revolves the driven wheel or
wheels but that the ratchets are free to return when the pull ceases and springs
are fixed to each ratchet to always ensure this return to the best position for the
next pull.
The end of a suitable wire cord or chain is attached to one of the ratchet wheels
and then wrapped one or more times around its flanged outside. From there the
wire cord or chain is continued to and carried around a first flanged bearing wheel
running parallel to the moving direction of the velocipede and fixed on the frame
near to where either the pedal bracket or the saddle is found to be on the usual
present forms of cycles.
The same wire cord or chain is further continued and carried around a second
flanged bearing wheel which is running at right angles to the moving direction of
the velocipede and is fixed to its frame near to where in the present form of cycle
either pedal bracket or the saddle is usually found to be whichever place is not
occupied by the first flanged bearing wheel.
A third flanged bearing wheel is fixed on the other opposite side of the velocipede
to the first one and running on the same axis.
The same wire cord or chain is continued to and carried around this third wheel
and then further continued to and wrapped around and fastened to the flanges of
the second ratchet wheel which runs on the axis of the driven wheel or wheels.
This in either case makes a continuous length of wire cord or chain from the
first to the second flanged ratchet wheel where it is wrapped around and fastened
to each.
Foot pedals are fixed to the wire cord or chain, one between the first and second
flanged bearing wheels and one between the second and third flanged bearing
wheels, each in such a position that either pedal can be pressed down and through
the connecting wire, cord or chain revolve the driven wheel or wheels. When
required a tube is fixed to extend between the first and second bearing wheels and
another is fixed to extend between the second and third bearing wheels each in
such a position and manner that the wire cord or chain stretched between these
wheels runs freely through the tubes. Short rods run up and down most of the
length of each of these tubes working on the inside of them on ball bearings.
The wire cord or chain is severed at the parts which are within the tubes and the

page_text: separated ends are fastened one part to the top and one part to the bottom of each.
rod in each case.
A slot is made throughout most of the outside length of each tube and through
these slots foot pedals are firmly fastened to both the top and bottom of each rod.
The foot pedals and rods when working up and down the tubes and through.
being connected by the wire cord or chain to the two ratchet wheels still revolves.
the driven wheel or wheels.
When required coiled springs are fixed within the tubes at the top and bottom.
of each of them to receive and ease the upward and downward terminations of the
strokes of the rods. All the bearings are balled.
The two tubes and the axles and supports of the three flanged bearing whels.
are fitted together as one frame and can then be attached either to new or old
velocipedes along with the bearing wheels the ratchet wheels and the wires cords.
or chains.
In order that my invention may be fully understood, I will now refer to the-
annexed drawings in which :-
Fig. 1. is a side elevation of a bicycle shewing my invention fitted thereto.
Fig. 2. sectional side elevation to enlarged scale of ratchet wheel arrangement.
Fig. 3. plan view through line -y in Figure 1.
Fig. 4. side view to enlarged scale of rod and pedal.
Referring to Figures 1. 2. 3. and 4, the spindle a carries the toothed or ratchet
wheels b and b¹ which are secured to the spindle a which carries the rear driving-
wheel c. The rim or flanged cover d carries the pawl e which is pivotted thereto.
at f and being controlled by the spring g or the like. h is a coil spring which is
secured to the rim or flanged cover d and to a suitable support or part of the
frame i so as to cause the rim or flanged cover d to return to its initial position..
The cord wire or chain s is secured at one end to the rim or flanged cover d and is.
wrapped or passed around same a suitable number of times then over the flange.i.
or grooved wheel ; thence to the sliding piece k to which it is secured at l. The
cord m is secured to the sliding piece k ato and then passes round the wheel or
pulley p thence to the bottom of a sliding piece upon the other side of the machine
which is again connected to a cord which 'is wrapped around and securel to the
rim or flanged cover d'. The sliding pieces k carry the driving pedals q as shewn
in Figure 4, the driving pedals q being carried upon the spindle r in any convenient
and well-known manner. By this arrangement it will be seen that the downward
movement of one of the pedals g will cause the driving wheel c to be driven while.
the other pedal will be raised, the rim or flanged covers operating the ratchet
wheels b and b in one direction of their motion, and running free on the spindle a.
in the opposite direction of motion.
The cords wires or chains s and m are so arranged as to work in the hollow
framing of the machine. The sliding pieces k slide in the metal tubes or guides t¹
which are slotted at u, for the passage of the support carrying the pedal spindle.
When required spiral springs or buffers are carried in the tubes or guides t, at
the ends of same for reducing the shock or jar at the end of the up or down stroke-
of the sliding piece k.
It will be evident that by this arrangement the movement of the pedals will be
in a straight line instead of a circular one and that although I have shewn one way
in which this may be carried out it will be readily seen that there may be various.
other modifications of the details without departing from the principle of my
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The combined construction and arrangement of the various parts for the
purpose of giving a straight line motion to driving pedals instead of a circular one.
substantially as described & illustrated.

page_text: 2. In driving mechanism for velocipedes, ratchet or the like wheels controlled
by springs or the like and secured to the driving spindle and operated by cords
wires or chains passing over pulleys or wheels and connected to sliding pieces
carrying the driving pedals sliding in or on suitable guides for giving a motion in a
straight line to said driving pedals.
3. The methods of driving velocipedes by driving pedals having a straight line
motion.
E. EATON,
Agent for Applicant.