A Manure and Seed Drill for the Sowing of Phosphate or other Manures.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 5th June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Apr., 1895-Accepted, 4th May,
1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Manure and Seed Drill for the Sowing of Phosphate or other
Manures.
GEORGE RUSSELL Railway Street Kirbymoorside Agricultural Implement
Maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
This invention relates to improvements in manure and seed drills for the sowing
of phosphate and other patent manures for agricultural purposes chiefly for
phosphate, constructed as follows of a wood frame supported on wheels with a body
much the same as other drills but the inside of the drill being V jointed bottom
with chains running in the bottom of the V for the purpose of draging out the
phosphate through holes at back of drill. The chains being supported on rollers
under body. Inside body of drill there is three sets of arms worked from an
excentric being driven from the wheel for the purpose of stiring up the manures
allowing it to fall on the chains to be draged out into spouts all is worked auto-
mactly. It is well known that the sowing of phosphate as been a source of trouble
and inconvience to farmers as the said manure or phosphate being of such a sticky
nature caused it to stick or clog up all the working parts of the common or ordinary
seed or manure drills. To sow phosphate with any other drill meant to the farmer
a very great expence as the phosphate had to be mixed with either soil or ashes.
My invention does away with this expence and extra labour it will sow any patent
manure in its neet state. Having constructed the bottom of drill into three
V shaped channels after being filled up with the manure it is dragged along the
bottom of the channel to the back end of drill by a proper constructed chain
through holes that will only admit a certain quantity where it drops down into a
shoot and mixes with the seeds in passing through tin tubes.
Likewise I have prepared three moving arms or stirers for the purpose of keeping
the manures or phosphate in a loose state that the chains may better drag it along
the bottom. I have likewise constructed at back end of drill three outlets with a
spring fitted to half of iron slide to allow of any large clot or stone to pass through
thereby taking all stress of the chains. I may also add by my drill can be sown
from four hundred weight to twenty five of mixed phosphate per acre with no
extra hand labour whatever in the pulling down of the manure as has to be done in
all other drills. Mine is worked automatily with an exentric worked from one of
the driving or body wheels which keeps the stirrers in motion and feeding the
chains whilest they are traveling along the bottom of V shaped bottom. Then
passing under the body of drill over rollers for the purpose of keeping the chains
tight and breaking of the clogging of the phosphate or other manures from the
links.
Din seal
M. 1004

page_text: A Manure and Seed Drill for the Sowing of Phosphate or other
Manures.
I, GEORGE RUSSELL, of Railway Street, Kirbymoorside, in the County of
York, Agricultural Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to drills for distributing artificial manures and especially
super-phosphate.
It is well known that the distribution of super-phosphate by means of a drill
causes considerable inconvenience owing to the sticky nature of the material which
causes it to clog the working parts of ordinary seed or manure drills and in order to
overcome the objection it has been usual to mix the phosphate with either soil or
ashes thereby entailing considerable extra expense.
The object of my invention is to construct a drill adapted for distributing
phosphate, crushed bones and similar fertilizers without intermixing the same
with other materials and without the liability of the drill becoming clogged as
heretofore.
According to my invention the hopper or receptacle in which the phosphates or
other manures are placed has running through
from back to front one or more
chains according to the number of openings through which the manure is to be
discharged, and the bottom of the said hopper is made with double inclines so as to
cause the phosphate to move towards the chain or chains.
In connection with each chain is arranged a stirrer operated from the main axle
of the drill so as to cause it to oscillate and thereby maintain the material in a loose
condition.
The openings through which the manure is discharged are formed in doors
hinged and arranged in conjunction with springs so that they will readily open to
allow of a large clot of material or of a stone passing without causing any undue
strain upon the chains; the said doors are also made adjustable in slides so as to
permit of regulating the size of the openings and consequently also the amount of
phosphate or other manure distributed per acre.
In practice I find it advantageous to arrange my manure distributing mechanism
in conjunction with the usual seed drill mechanism.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the saine by
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a combined seed and manure drill
constructed according to my invention :
Figure 2 is a sectional plan; and,
Figure 3 is a rear elevation partly in section.
a is the framing of the machine, is the main axle, and e, c are the travelling
wheels. d is the usual seed box containing the rotating brushes or cylinders
through the medium of which the seeds are discharged into the guide tubes e, e.
All the parts hereinbefore described being of ordinary construction they require no
further description.
fis the hopper or receptacle for the manure, which hopper, as shewn in the
drawings, is constructed with three discharge openings f, ff, the bottom being
made with three hollows g, g, g formed by pairs of inclined converging sides h, h.

page_text: i, i, i are the distributing chains which run through the hopper parallel with the
line at which the inclined sides converge, the said chains passing over chain
wheels j, j (on a shaft k driven from the main shaft b through the medium of
suitable gear wheels 1, 1) and also over guides m, m, which guides, as shewn clearly
in Figure 1, are pivotted on a shaft n so as to allow of the said guides being moved
to regulate the tension of the chains, a hand lever o being provided on the shaft n
for moving the said guides, over a slotted sector o' for the purpose of fixing the
said guides in any desired position. The material drawn out of the hopper through
the openings falls through the sectional tubes p, p to the ground.
9, 9 are the stirrers one of which is arranged in conjunction with each of the
distributing chains i, the said stirrers being mounted upon rocking shafts r, r
provided with cranks 1, r connected to a common driving rod s. This rod at one
end is arranged in connection with a crank t on one end of the shaft k through the
medium of the rod u, universal joint u' and links e, e, in such a manner that as the
drill travels an oscillatory movement will be imparted to the stirrers to cause
the material in the various sections of the hopper to gravitate towards the
distributing chains. The link v is supported and guided by a link v³ jointed to
the hopper.
The openings, through which the manure is delivered are formed in
doors w, w hinged to plates, sliding in guides, on the front of the hopper f.
The plates, are connected by links y, y with short arms y', ' on a shaft y², the
said shaft having fixed to it at one end a hand lever z one end of which works over
a quadrant having a series of holes by means of which and a pin passing through
the lever and one of the said holes the said lever may be retained in any desired
position. Each plate & has also fixed to it an arm through which passes a pin 2³
on the door w, the said pin carrying a spring z which presses upon the said door w.
With this arrangement it will be understood that should either of the chains move
a large piece of material or a stone to one of the openings and the latter be not
big enough to pass it, the door w would open under the pressure and against the
pressure of the spring, thereby allowing the obstruction to pass. Also in order
to regulate the quantity of material delivered through the openings, it is
only necessary to move the lever z so as to more or less alter the height of the
doors.
The shaft d' of the seed delivery brushes or cylinders of the machine shewn in
the drawings, is represented as being driven from the shaft k through the medium
of the cone or chain pulleys k', k² and a belt or chain k³.
Although I have shewn my improvements as applied to a combined seed and
manure drill it is obvious that my improvements may be used upon a drill for
distributing manures or phosphate alone in rows.
When the drill is constructed to sow both seed and manure, the seed and
phosphates may be delivered into common tubes instead of through separate sets of
tubes, as shewn in the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I ·
claim is :-
1. In a manure drill, a hopper the bottom of which is formed with converging
surfaces, chains travelling through the hopper and stirrers arranged to stir or
agitate the material so as to cause it to flow towards the chains, substantially as
described.
2. A manure drill in which the hopper has converging surfaces and chains
travelling through it, forming the openings through which the material is
delivered in hinged adjustable doors, substantially as, and for the purposes,
described.
3. The manufacture and use of a manure drill provided with distributing
mechanism constructed, arranged and operating substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 4. The improved combined seed and manure drill herein before described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 2nd day of April 1895. -
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.