IMPROVED COMPOSITIONS TO BE USED IN MAKING BUTTONS, BEADS, MINIATURE AND PICTURE FRAMES, AND OTHER ARTICLES SUSCEPTIBLE OF BEING MOULDED IN A PLASTIC MATERIAL
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas William Davenport and Samuel Cole, of
Balsall Heath, in the County of Worcester, Manufacturers, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVED COMPOSITIONS TO BE USED IN MAKING BUTTONS, BEADS,
MINIATURE AND PICTURE FRAMES, AND OTHER ARTICLES SUSCEPTIBLE OF BEING
MOULDED IN A PLASTIC MATERIAL."
Sealed the 13th May 1862, and dated the 22nd November 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas William Daven-
port and Samuel Cole at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents;
with their Petition, on the 22nd November 1861.
WE, THOMAS WILLIAM DAVENPORT and SAMUEL COLE, of Balsall Heath, in
the County of Worcester, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED COMPOSITIONS TO BE USED IN MAKING BUTTONS,
BEADS, MINIATURE AND PICTURE FRAMES, AND OTHER ARTICLES SUSCEPTIBLE OF BEING
MOULDED IN A PLASTIC MATERIAL," to be as follows, that is to say :-
We take paper, or papier maché, or dried paper pulp, and reduce it to fine
powder. This powder is then to be mixed with some or all of the following
ingredients:-Glue, paste, gas tar, black tar, varnish, copal varnishes, pitch,
resin, and gold size, and a small quantity of oil. The powder with glue and paste

page_text: alone answers for some uses; for others, such for instance as bead-making, it
requires strengthening; consequently, we introduce gas tar, or varnish, and
other vegetable fibre, such as paper reduced to pulp, india-rubber, or gutta-
percha, in small quantities. These would be applicable when a dark-coloured
composition is required, but when we want a light colour, we employ copal
warnishes, gold size, or some vehicle more nearly colourless than the tar
varnish, using with them any suitable colouring agent we may find best. We
prefer to make our powder from waste papier maché, such as broken trays, for
these having already undergone a process of manufacture, by which they
become to a certain extent impregnated with oil and tar spirit, the powder is
much stronger; where great strength is not requisite, or when the bulky nature
of the article may admit of more substance being employed, we use a quantity
of common sawdust, mixed witli some or all of the above-named ingredients;
gold size and whitening forms another excellent composition for some works.
The greater portion of these materials may be mixed cool, the glue, of course,
requiring heat; they are to be combined into a thoroughly plastic state. The
composition is then to be modelled or moulded in dies, as the case may be;
to any suitable form; for the purpose for which it is destined:
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas William Davenport and Samuel Cole; in the Great
Seal Patent Office, on the 22nd May 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
WILLIAM DAVENPORT and SAMUEL COLE, of Balsall Heath, in the County of
Worcester; Manufacturers, send greeting.
443
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year.
-of-Her-reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and successors, give and grant. unto
us, the said Thomas William Davenport and Samuel Cole, Her special license
that we, the said Thomas William Davenport and Samuel Cole, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such, others as we, the said Thomas William
Davenport and Samuel Cole, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
--at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
J
0
e..
.
10.72
الملين الال الان

page_text: Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED
COMPOSITIONS TO BE USED IN MAKING BUTTONS, BEADS, MINIATURE AND PICTURE
FRAMES, AND OTHER ARTICLES SUSCEPTIBLE OF BEING MOULDED IN A PLASTIC
STATE," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Thomas-
William Davenport and Samuel Cole, by an instrument in writing under our-
hands and seals, or, under, the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and, in, what
manner, the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal-Patent Office, within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
I
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas William,Davenport and
Samuel Cole, do, hereby declare, the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to, be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and, by the following statement (that is to say)::-
The powder with glue and
such for instance as, bead-
We take paper, or papier mâché, or dried paper pulp and reduce it to, fine
powder. This powder is, then to be mixed with some or all of the following
ingredients:-Glue, paste, gas, tar, black tar, varnish, copal varnishes, pitch,
resin, and gold size, and a small quantity of oil.
paste alone answers for some uses; for others,
making, it requires strengthening; consequently, we introduce gas tar or
varnish, and other vegetable fibre, such as paper reduced to pulp, india-rubber,
or gutta, percha, in small quantities. These would be applicable when a dark
.coloured composition; is required; but when we want a light colour, we employ
copal varnishes, gold size, or, some vehicle more nearly colourless than the tar
varnish, using with them any suitable colouring agent we may find best. We
prefer to make our powder from waste papier maché, such as broken trays, for
these, having, already undergone, a process of manufacture, by which, they
become to a certain, extent impregnated with oil and tar spirit, the powder is
much stronger; where great strength is not requisite, or where the bulky.
nature of the article may,admit, of, more substance being..employed, we use a
quantity, of common sawdust, mixed with some or all of the above-named
ingredients. Gold size and whitening forms, another excellent composition for
some works. The greater portion of these materials. may, be mixed. cool,..the
glue, of course, requiring, heat; they are to be combined into a thoroughly
plastic state. The composition is then to be modelled, or moulded in.dies,
as the case, may be,.,to any suitable form for the purpose for which it is
destined.
.i
We will now, proceed to describe more explicitly,the, components.and minde

page_text: of compounding the several mixtures we prefer using for the various purposes
for which such compositions may be advantageously employed; and we would
remark, that whilst the proportions of each ingredient will admit of great
modification, according to the purpose for which the composition may be
intended, the proportions herein-after stated we find by experience to be the
best adapted to the manufacture of the description of articles herein alluded
to; for instance, for the purpose of making buttons, dress ornaments, and
other like articles, or such as would require a very strong material, and would
not admit of strength being given by bulkiness, we prefer to use a composition
consisting of the following materials, in about the proportions herein stated.
To twenty-eight pounds of varnish, which, if the composition is required black,
may be tar varnish, but, if coloured, must be some nearly colourless varnish,
such as copal, add in a melted state five pounds and a quarter of gutta-percha,
seven ounces of resin, three ounces and a half of any fat oil, and eighty-four
pounds of powder black, or powder colour according to circumstances. These
.ingredients are to be well mixed together, when they will form a pasty
-compound, capable of being pressed and moulded in dies into any desired form
and pattern, and when cold the articles will have sufficient strength for any
of the uses above named, and may be economically employed in many branches
of industrial and art manufacture.
For other uses. requiring greater toughness and capacity for manipulation,
such as the manufacture of twisted brooches, bracelets, chain links, "and
similar ornamental articles, we should prefer the compositions to consist of the
following ingredients:Wheaten flour, three pounds and a half; glue, onc
pound and a half; pulverized or ground papier maché, seven pounds; sheet
paper, reduced to a pulp, two ounces; powder black or colour, half a pound.
The glue is, of course, to be used melted, and of a consistency which may be
left to the judgment of the operator, and the other ingredients äre to be added
gradually, and the whole mass intimately combined into a state resembling
dough, in which condition it may be worked into any desired form, and left to
harden, or stoved if requisite. For the purpose of increasing bulk, when the
size or nature of the article for which the composition may be intended will
admit of such departure-from-the-formula-above-named, the-other-ingredients
before enumerated may be added to either of these compositions.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we do not confine ourselves to the pro-
portions or to the precise conditions of the several ingredients specified, as
their chemical constituents in varied proportions would probably afford an

page_text: equally useful result; but that which we claim is the manufacture of improved
compositions, useful for the purposes herein stated in substance, as herein more
fully set forth and specified.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas William Davenport and Samuel
Cole, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twentieth day of
May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-two
THOMAS WILLIAM DAVENPORT. (L.s.)
SAMUEL COLE.
(L.S.)