Improved Apparatus for Boring Artesian Wells.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 13th May, 1896-Accepted, 13th June, 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Boring Artesian Wells.
We, COUNT POUZIANO TARABINI, and CESARE SILVESTRI, both of Carpi,
Emilia, Italy, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improved apparatus for boring artesian wells, and is
represented in detail on the accompanying drawings.
The apparatus is constructed with a hollow steel drum A, the ends of which are
pierced vertically and centrally by holes, through which is passed the well tube V.
The drum ends are also pierced vertically, at the sides, by holes, through which
are passed two hollow steel tie-rods y, which, at their upper ends, are located by a
cross-head C, and are secured by nuts r, and also serve to guide a steel sleeve B.
The drum is also formed with opposite series of bosses 8, with which engage
corresponding series of adjustable arms, consisting of rods and tubes screwing
one into the other, and which serve to support the drum and the whole apparatus,
as hereinafter further referred to.
Through the centre of the cross-head is passed a steel screw E, which engages
with the sleeve B, and is fitted with a worm wheel and nut g, which, by means of a
groove, engaging with two check plates, is secured under the cross-head and turns
against the latter. The worm wheel g, is actuated by a worm p, carried by lugs e,
projecting from the cross-head.
The sleeve B, at its central front part, is formed with an arched opening (Fig. 5)
below which it is pierced with a hole for the passage of the shaft t, and with a
lower hole for the passage of the tube V, and is also formed with a chamber Z,
into which air can be pumped through a hole m, as hereinafter further
referred to.
A toothed wheel S, (Fig. 5) is made fast to the shaft t, which extends through
the well tube V, and drum A, to the point of excavation, (Figs. 2, 4 and 6,) where
it is fitted with a borer k, which is screwed thereinto and secured as represented.
At its bottom end, the shaft t, is guided concentrically within the well tube V, by
means of a sleeve O, which partakes of all movements of the shaft, and snugly
fits within the tube V, the tube being formed with a central boss 1, connected to
it by arms 2, and which serves as a nut into which the shaft is screwed. The
sleeve is also formed with two plates u, serving to carry two cutters i, which are
pivotted to the plates u, at 3, and, at their inner parts, extend into slots in the
haft of the borer, and at their outer parts, extend into slots in the sleeve, and
below the tube V, project beyond the face thereof.
The apparatus is put in operation as follows:-
After having made a hole of, say, eight to ten cubic metres in the soil where
the well is to be bored; the apparatus is placed vertically at the bottom of the
hole, as shown in Fig. 6, the drum A, being rigidly fixed by causing the arms,
to bear against stout planks with which the sides of the hole are lined. The
tube V, shaft t, and wheel S, being connected up, the wheel S, is rotated by any
convenient gearing actuated by any convenient motive power, and causes the
shaft t, to rotate with it, while the wheel g, actuated by the screw p, causes the
screw E, to descend, which regulates and determines the descent of the boring
mechanism applied to the sleeve B.
An air pump, applied to the hole m, applies pressure to any water yielded by

page_text: the uppermost springs or intentionally introduced into the well tube, and causes
the water to pass away through the shaft t, so enabling the boring tool always to
work freely.
The sleeve O, and projecting cutter rotate with the shaft t, and boring tool k.
As the sleeve closely fits within the well tube, mud or other foreing matter is
prevented from getting between and interfering with the movement of the sleeve;
and as the cutters i, project beyond the tube, they excavate just sufficiently to
enable the tube to descend, almost without pressure, by reason of its own weight.
If marble, stone or the like is met with, the boring tools k, i, are replaced by
more suitable tools. In some cases, under such circumstances, automatic per-
cussion may be employed, in which case a steel button is placed in the head or end
of the sleeve B, just below the wheel S, provided with two inclined grooves.
Considerable depths, even 1000 metres or more, may be conveniently reached
with the apparatus, the water found passing away through the hollow shaft t,
which may be revolved at a speed of 100 or more revolutions per minute, at each
turn excavating an amount of earth determined by the pressure of the screw E.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The improved well boring apparatus herein before described with reference
to the accompanying drawings.
2. The novel system of leading away any water that may be found, through
the boring tube, by air pressure applied within the well tube, during the boring
operation, in the manner described.
3. The described method and means of setting the apparatus in the desired
relation to the hole to be bored.
Dated this 13th day of May 1896.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
Chartered Patent Agents,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.