Improvements in Saddles or Seats for Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 15th June, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 15th Mar., 1889-Accepted, 15th June, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Saddles or Seats for Velocipedes and other
Vehicles.
I THOMAS B. JEFFERY of Ravenswood in the County of Cook and State of
Illinois, United States of America Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
I provide a seat of leather or other flexible material which is stretched tight
between its front and rear fastenings. At the forward ond it is secured to a spring
either directly or indirectly, or by means of a link and at the rear to a segment or
seat frame, over which the leather is stretched. This segment or seat frame is in
turn fastened to a spring support which may be forged and terminate in lugs, being
secured to the backbone or the spring may be made of spring wire or rod, and
provided with a clip having a socket to receive the ends of the spring and a pivotal
shaft, adapted to fit between the lugs which are secured to the backbone and be secured
thereto. These lugs upon the backbone may be done away with, however and the
spring secured directly to the backbone by clamping, in which case the spring would
be made approximately "S" shaped, one bow of the spring extending forward of the
securement of the backbone and corresponding in function to the hinge joint formed
where the lugs are used. In either form, I provide a stop to prevent the upper end
of the spring from being drawn forward by the longitudinal stress of the seat and the
force of the forward spring acting in the same direction.
In the form first above described, this stop is most conveniently formed by a loop
extending over the lower branch of the spring, rearward from its pivot.
In the other form I provide an extension upon the clip referred to which extension
reaches forward of the pivot, and stops against the backbone or plate thereon.
In order that a limit may be put to the strain to which the leather seat shall be
exposed, a stop is provided also against the downward movement of the rear spring.
The backbone itself may serve as such a stop, but it is desirable that even such
stop should have a slightly yielding character and I prefer to provide for that purpose,
a rubber block secured in any convenient manner under the spring. It is desirable
also, to provide for the stoppage in the other direction by contact with some soft and
elastic material and for that purpose I form a socket in the under side of the loop
referred to, and insert therein a rubber cushion. In the form referred to, where an
extension of the clip is provided I provide a rubber tip upon such extension where it
touches the backbone. In another form more fully explained hereafter the stoppage
against upward and forward movement is effected by means of a strap.
The leading purpose of this invention may be understood upon considering what
would be the effect of weight pressing upon the flexible seat, stretched between
spring supports; if said supports were secured rigidly to the backbone at their lower
ends. The tendency of the springs is to draw the seat taut and when the weight of
the rider is located on the seat between the springs the seat is caused to sag and
slightly flex the springs. Both the elasticity of the seat and that of the springs con-
tribute to render the seat sufficiently yielding for ease of riding. If however the
springs yield too easily the seat will sag too far.
The rear spring is therefore made very stiff. When the weight is thrown back on
the seat, so as to be located substantially over the end of the rear spring all the
elasticity of the seat itself and of the front spring becomes unavailable, and the very
stiff rear spring affords too little relief. As this position is often assumed it is
desirable so to construct and support the seat that all the elasticity of both springs
and the flexible seat itself shall be available to ease the rider in whatever position on
the seat his weight may rest. In order to accomplish this purpose in the form first
above referred to, the rear spring is so made that the entire retreating bow may have

page_text: an oscillating motion about a pivot, forward of the vertical plane of the fastening of
the flexible seat to the upper end of said bow and below the horizontal plane of said
fastening, whereby when the weight resting on said upper end causes the spring to
descend said end moves in an are rearward as well as downward, and so stretches
the seat, thereby rendering its tensile elasticity available, and draws upon the forward
spring in the same manner as when the weight rests in the sag of the saddle, and so
brings into action the flexible elasticity of the forward spring.
The above described movement of the rear spring may be attained either by
pivoting it to the backbone at the forward lower end, a little forward of the vertical
plane of the seat fastening, or by looping or bowing it at that point. The result
may also be accomplished by the rear spring being bent to form two precisely similar
wings, which compose each a part extending from the loop or bend which connects
the wings and crosses the backbone; a spiral coil and the terminal part which is
fastened to the seat frame.
The entire spring support is secured to the backbone by means of a clamp whose
bolts have hooked ends which constitute also their heads and which receives the part
which extends from the loop or bend which connects the wings and crosses the back-
bone. The spring support tends to react upward against the weight of the rider on
the seat and the seat is held down by a strap which ties it to the backbone, the con-
nection being most convenient by providing in the seat frame, a suitable aperature to
receive the strap, and passing said strap also around the rear loop of the spring
support, where it crosses the backbone said spring being securely clamped to the
backbone as described.
This construction is equivalent to fastening the strap directly to the backbone.
In this form, the coil spring referred to is in effect both spring and hinge, being
adapted to perform the function which is performed by the hinge in the form first
described, the axis of the coil being the pivotal line of the hinge action, and being
adapted also to perform the function of the rear bow of the spring in the form first
described.
The chief peculiarity of the structure last described is that whereas the action of
the rear spring tends to slack and not to stretch the flexible seat, the strap which is
functionally the link connecting the seat to the backbone, affords a means for limiting
the reaction of the spring and stretching the seat to any desired degree of tension.
It will be noticed further, that since the rear end or loop of the spring support is
utilized as the means for securing the lower end of the strap to the backbone, and
since the entire support is adjustable backward and forward in the clamp referred to,
and such adjustment rearward stretches the flexile seat, the tension of the seat may
be affected and regulated without resource to the strap. And since the adjustment by
means of said strap affects also the height of the seat and may be used solely for that
purpose when this is desired the entire support with the strap may be adjusted in said
clamp to compensate for the change of tension which would otherwise be effected by
the adjustment of the strap so that any height of seat within the limit of the
variability of the device may be obtained with any desired tension the two adjustments
thus corresponding to effect and mutually correct each other.
In the structure arranged for the purpose described it is essential that the forward
spring shall be capable of reacting, not only vertically against the weight, but also
horizontally against the strain which is exerted longitudinally with relation to the
seat. The most convenient and conveniently applied form of spring for that purpose
is a spiral coil whose axis is transversely horizontal, and whose ends are stopped one
against the backbone and the other against the seat.
In one form I use two such seat springs of one piece of wire, the loop connecting
them at the top extending across the backbone and the ends of the wire being both
stopped against the backbone and for the purpose of such stoppage being connected
with the yoke.
In order that such a spring shall. be capable of reaction against the longitudinal
strain of the seat it is necessary that it should be secured to the backbone as well as
stopped against it, and I find it most convenient to effect this securement by passing

page_text: a bolt through the spiral coils and through the neck of the velocipede, thereby
securing the spring in position and also affording a pivot about which the torsion of
the spiral coils will occur when the strain of the seat draws the loop rearward.
I tie the rear end of the forward spring support down to the backbone, by a strap
which passes through a suitable eye in the rear end of the spring and through a staple
upon the backbone.
Both the rear and forward straps, described above are provided with buckles so
that the distance to which the springs can react from the backbone, can be regulated
as may be desired. This strap or forward spring operates in a manner precisely
similar to the operation of the strap on the rear spring above described to effect
adjustment of the height of saddle and any change of tension of the flexible seat
which may incidentally be caused by the adjustment of the forward strap, may, if
desired be corrected by adjusting the rear support and the clamp or by adjusting
the rear strap or by both said adjustments.
The movement of the front spring support, rear spring support, and the support
upon the backbone beneath the seat in yielding to the weight of the rider is rear-
ward as well as downward as has already been pointed out, and by reason of the
angle at which said springs extend of flexure or pivotal points respectively said
movement is even more rearward than downward.
This causes the action of the saddle to be very easy relieving it from the severe
jolting movement which results from a mode of support which compels all the move-
ment to be up and down. The fact that both supports move rearward as described,
does not prevent the seat from being stretched by the yielding of the rear support,
because the rear support is much longer than the front support, and therefore moves
farther rearward than does the front support when both yield under the weight of
the rider. It will be obvious that this construction can be applied elsewhere than in
a velocipedo the backbone being merely a saddle tree, and the entire structure except
in minor details being applicable to riding saddles or seats for other vehicles than
velocipedes and I do not therefore limit myself to its use in velocipedes, but the
in
backbone" as used herein may refer to any saddle tree.
It will be further apparent that so far as the forward and rear straps serve.merely
to check the upward action of the spring supports of the seats, they will be equally
as servicable in connection with a rigid non-flexible seat as in the construction
herein shown. It will be further apparent that the rearward action of the spring
supports in yielding under the rider's weight and the consequent easy movement of the
seat as distinguished from the jolting movement, which results from direct vertical
action is independent of the character of the seat whether flexible or non-flexible.
It is often desirable to be able to adjust the seat forward and further on the backbone
or saddle tree, and for that purpose I sometimes construct a forward spring support
so that it may be connected at the forward end of the seat by an adjustable link, the
form of which is preferably a strap and buckle which permits the forward end of the
seat to be drawn up close to the rear end of the forward spring or let back a considerable
distance. The rear support as already explained, can be adjusted on the backbone.
In order that the interposition of this link may not cause the forward end of the
seat to be too unsteady, I attach to the clip which effects the securement of the seat
to the link, a rubber block which partly fills the space below the forward end of the
seat down to the backbone, and acts as a buffer or stop. It does not however
prevent the adjustment of the forward spring support by means of the strap. link or
check strap. The position of the seat may be adjusted without changing the length
of the strap or link by merely allowing it to droop from its connection, with the
front spring support when the seat is to be set forward, and drawing it horizontal
when the seat is to be set back. The change of height of the seat, thus incidently
effected may then be partly corrected by adjusting the check strap, and when that
construction and mode of use is to be adopted, I prefer to connect said check strap
directly to the forward end of the seat, rather than to the rear end of the front
spring. When thus constructed it will be seen that the link and check strap together
up

page_text: constitute an adjustable link from the rear end of the forward spring down to the.
backbone, so that the principle and action of the device is not materially changed.
I have described the springs as front and rear respectively, but in some forms of
velocipedes, their position might be reversed, and in some forms the style of spring
described as the rear spring might be employed at both ends of the seat.
Dated this 15th day of June 1888.
COME LEIE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Saddles or Seats for Velocipedes and other
Vehicles.
I THOMAS B. JEFFERY of Chicago, Cook County, State of Illinois and United
States of America, Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In the drawings
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of one form of my invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan of same with seat removed.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a modified form of the same.
Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a different modification of same.
Fig. 5 is a perspective of a piece which forms the pivot and affords securement
for the rear spring in the form shown in Fig. 3, the rear spring of that form being
also shown.
Fig. 6 is a section through a x Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a side elevation of another form of my invention.
Fig. 8 is a plan of same.
Fig. 9 is a rear elevation of same.
Fig. 10 is a section through x x Fig. 7.
Fig. 11 is a detail side elevation of a modified form of the front support and
adjustments of the saddle.
Fig. 12 is a similar detail showing still further modification in the same parts.
In the above described figures this invention is represented as applied to a bicycle
of which A is the back bone constituting with reference to the saddle the perch or
support. It terminates in the usual neck A¹ at the forward end. B is the seat of
leather or other flexible material which is stretched tight between its front and rear
fastenings. At the forward end it is secured to the spring C in Figs. 1 and 7 directly
and in Figs. 11 and 12 by means of the link J and at the rear end it is secured in
Fig. 1 to the segment B¹ and in Fig. 7 to the rear seat frame N over which the
leather is stretched. This segment or seat frame is in turn fastened to the spring
support D or M respectively. In the form shown in Fig. 1 said spring is forged and
made to terminate in the lugs d d which are connected to the lugs e e. by pivots d'.
In the form shown in Fig. 3 the spring is made of spring wire or rod, provided with
the clip D2 which has the sockets d d² to receive the ends of the spring and the
pivotal shaft D2 adapted to fit between the lugs e e and be secured by the pivots d'.
In Fig. 1 E is a plate which is fastened to the perch in any convenient manner, but
preferably by the clamping yoke E¹. It has the lugs e e which afford bearings for
the pivot of the rear spring.
In the form shown in Fig. 4 the spring becomes approximately S shaped, and the
lower end is formed to fit the perch and be clamped thereto in the same manner as the
plate E and said plate is dispensed with.
The bend or bow D³ in this form corresponds in function to the hinge joint made
by the lugs d and e and their pivot in the form shown in Figs. 1 and 3. In either of
these forms it is necessary to provide a stop to prevent the upper end of the spring

page_text: being drawn forward by the longitudinal stress of the seat B and the force of the
forward spring acting in the same direction.
In the form shown in Fig. 1 this stop is most conveniently formed by the loop E10
extending from the clamp e of the clamping yoke E¹, over the lower branch of the
spring D rearward from its pivot. In the form shown in Fig. 3 the clip D' has the
extension D20 which reaches forward of the pivot and stops against the plate E or
directly against the perch on which the plate is only a cover and may be omitted at
that point.
In order that a limit may be put to the strain to which the leather seat shall be
exposed a stop is provided also against the downward movement of the rear spring.
The perch itself may serve as such stop but it is desirable that even such stop should
have a slightly yielding character, and I prefer to provide for that purpose a
rubber block as E secured in any convenient manner as by being inserted in the
cavity e in the yoke E' under the spring D in Fig. 1 or in a like cavity e in the
plate E in Fig. 3.
It is desirable also to provide for the stoppage in the other direction by contact
with some soft and elastic material as rubber and for that purpose I form a socket
in the under side of the loop E10 and insert therein a rubber cushion e¹⁰ and in the
form shown in Fig. 3-I provide the stop D20 with a rubber tip d²º.
In the form shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the stoppage against upward and forward
movement is effected by means of the strap F as more fully hereinafter explained.
The leading purpose of this invention may be understood upon considering what
would be the effect of weight pressing upon the flexible seat stretched between
the spring supports if said supports were secured rigidly to the perch at their
lower ends.
The tendency of the springs is to draw the leather seat taut and when the weight of
the rider is located upon the seat between the springs, the seat is caused to sag and
slightly flex the springs. Both the elasticity of the springs and that of the seat
contribute to render the seat sufficiently yielding for use in riding. If however the
springs yield too easily, the seat will sag too far. The rear spring is therefore made
very stiff.
When the weight is thrown far back on the seat so as to be located substantially
over the end of the rear spring, all the elasticity of the seat itself and of the front
spring becomes unavailable and the very stiff rear spring affords too little
relief. As this position is often assumed it is desirable to so construct and
support the seat that all the elasticity of both springs and the flexible seat
itself shall be available to ease the rider in whatever position on the seat his weight
may rest.
In order to accomplish this purpose in the form shown in Fig. 1 the rear spring
is so made that the entire retreating bow D' may have an oscillating motion
about a pivot forward of the vertical plane of the fastening of the flexible seat,
to the upper end of said bow, and below the horizontal plane of said fastening,
whereby when the weight resting on said upper end causes the spring to descend,
said end moves in an arc rearward, as well as downward and so stretches the seat
thereby rendering its tensile elasticity available, and draws upon the forward spring
in. the same manner as when the weight rests in the sag of the saddle and so brings
into action the flexible elasticity of the forward spring.
The described movement of the rear spring may be attained either by pivoting it
to the perch at the forward lower end a little forward of the vertical plane of the
seat fastening or by looping or bowing it at that point. The former structure is
shown in Figs. 1 and 3 and the latter in Fig. 4. In Figs. 7 and 8 the result is
accomplished by the rear spring being bent to form two precisely similar wings M'
which comprise each the part M10 extending from the loop or bend which connects
the wings and crosses the backbone; the spiral coil M" and the terminal part M¹²
which is fastened to the frame N. The entire spring support M is secured to the
back bone by means of the clamp K whose bolts. K¹ K have hooked ends k¹ k¹
which constitue also their heads and which receive the part M of the wings M₁ of

page_text: the support M. The spring support M tends to react upward against the weight of
the rider upon the seat and the seat is held down by the strap F which ties it to the
back bone, the connection being most conveniently made by providing in the frame N
a suitable aperture to receive the strap and passing said strap also around the rear
loop of the spring support where it crosses the back-bone. Said spring being
securely clamped to the backbone as described this construction is equivalent to
fastening the strap! directly to the back-bone. In this form the coil M₁ is in effect
both spring and hinge being adapted to perform the function which is performed by
the hinge shown in Fig. 1 the axis of the coil being the pivotal line of the hinge
.action, and being adapted also to perform the function of the rear bow of the spring D
in the form shown in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive. The chief peculiarity of the structure
shown in Fig. 7 is that whereas the reaction of the rear spring tends to slack and not
to stretch the flexible seat B, the strap F which is functionally a link connecting the
seat to the back-bone, affords a means for limiting the reaction of the spring and
stretching the seat to any desired degree of tension.
It will be noticed further that since the rear end or loop of the spring support M
is utilized as the means of securing the lower end of the strap F to the backbone and
since the entire support M is adjustable backward and forward in the clamp K and
such adjustment rearward stretches the flexible seat B, the tension of the seat may
be effected and regulated without recourse to the strap F, and since the adjustment
by means of said strap effects also the height of the seat and may be used solely
for that purpose; when this is desired, the entire support M with the strap F
may be adjusted in the clamp K to compensate for the change of tension which
would otherwise be effected by the adjustment of the strap F so that any height of
seat within the limit of the variability of the device may be obtained with. any desired
tension, the two adjustments thus cooperating to affect and mutually correct
each other.
In the structure arranged for the purpose described it is essential that the forward
spring shall be capable of reacting not only vertically against the weight, but also
horizontally against the strain which is exerted longitudinally with relation to the
seat B.
The most convenient and conveniently applied form of spring for that purpose is a
spiral coil whose axis is transversely horizontal, and whose ends are stopped, one
against the perch and the other against the seat and in Fig. 1 I show two such seat
springs CC of one piece of wire, the loop C connecting them at the top, extending
across the perch and the ends of the wire being both stopped against the perch and
for the purpose of such stoppage being connected by the yoke C2.
In order that such a spring should be capable of reacting against the longitudinal
strain of the seat it is necessary that it should be secured to the perch as well as
stopped against it, and I find it most convenient to effect this securement by
passing a bolt c through the spiral coils C C and through the neck A¹ thereby
securing the spring in position, and also affording a pivot about which the torsion
of the spiral coils will occur when the strain of the seat draws the loop C
rearward.
In Fig. 7 I show the rear end of the forward spring support also tied down to
the backbone by the strap G which passes through a suitable eye in the rear
end of the spring and through a staple formed on the clip which encircles the
backbone.
Both the strap F and the strap G are provided with buckles ƒ and g respectively
so that the distance to which the spring can react from the backbone can be
adjusted as may be desired. Thus the strap G operates in a manner precisely
similar to the operation of the strap F and operates in a precisely similar manner
to effect adjustment of the height of the saddle at the forward end and any change
of tension of the flexile seat B which may incidentally be caused by such
adjustment of the strap G may if desired be corrected by adjusting the rear
support M in the clamp K or by adjusting the rear strap F or by both said
..adjustments.

page_text: It will be further noticed that the movement of the supports CD and M in yielding
to the weight of the rider is rearward as well as downward, as has already been
pointed out and by reason of the angle at which said springs extend from their points
of flexure or pivotal points respectively said movement is even more rearward than
downward.
This causes the action of the saddle to be very easy relieving it of the severely jolting
movement which results from a mode of support which compels all the movement to
be up and down.
The fact that both supports move rearward as described does not prevent the
seat from being stretched by the yielding of the rear support because the rear
support M is so much longer than the front support C and therefore moves
farther rearward than does the front support when both yield under the weight of
the rider.
It will be obvious that this construction may be applied elsewhere than in a
velocipede, the backbone being mereley a saddle tree and the entire structure except
in minor details being applicable to a riding saddle or seat for other vehicles besides
velocipedes and I do not therefore limit myself to its use in a velocipedo but design
the term backbone as used herein to refer to any saddle tree.
It will be further apparent that so far as the straps Fand G serve simply to check
the upward action of the spring supports of the seats, they will be equally. as
serviceable in connection with a rigid or non flexile seat as in the construction⚫
herein shown.. It will be further apparent that the rearward action of the spring
supports in yielding under the riders weight and the consequent easy movement of the
seat is distinguished from the jolting movement which results from a direct vertical
action is independent of the character of the seat whether flexile or non flexile.
It is often desirable to be able to adjust the seat further forward, and further
on the backbone or tree and for that purpose I sometimes construct the forward
spring support as shown in Figs. 11 and 12 so that it may be connected to the
forward end of the seat by an adjustable link J, the form of which is by preference a
strap and buckle which permits the forward end of the seat to be drawn up close to
the rear end of the spring or let back a considerable distance. The rear support as
already explained can be adjusted on the backbone. In order that the interposition
of this link may not cause the forward end of the scat to be too unsteady, I attach
to the clip which effects securement of the seat to the link a rubber block L which
partly fills the space below the forward end of the seat down to the back bone and
acts as a buffer or stop. It does not however prevent the adjustment of the spring
support C, by means of the strap link or check strap G, as hereinabove described.
The position of the seat may be adjusted without changing the length of the strap
or link J, by merely allowing it to drop from its connection with the spring support C.
When the seat is to be set forward and drawing it up horizontal when the seat is
to be set back.
'
The change of height of the seat thus incidentally effected may then be partly
corrected by adjusting the check strap G and when that construction and mode of
use is to be adopted I prefer to connect the check strap G directly to the forward
end of the seat as shown in Fig. 12, rather than to the rear end of the spring C ;
when thus constructed it will be seen that the link J and check strap G together
constitute the adjustable link from the rear end of the spring C down to the backbone
so that the principle and action of the device is not materially changed.
I have described the springs as front and rear respectively according to the repre-
sentation in the drawings but in some forms of velocipedes their position might be
reversed, and in some forms, the style of spring shown as the rear spring might be
employed at both ends of the seat."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1, In combination with the perch, an elastically tensile seat and its support, at one

page_text: .
end secured to the perch; the support at the other end also secured to the perch and
adapted to oscillate in a vertical plane about a point below the seat and between the
vertical plane of its ends, and a stop to limit the motion of said support toward the other
end substantially as set forth.
2. In combination with the perch an elastically tensile seat and its spring support
at one end secured to the perch and yielding longitudinally with respect to the seat,
the support at the other end also secured to the perch and adapted to oscillate in a
vertical plane about a point below the seat and between the vertical planes of its ends
and a stop to limit the motion of said support toward the other end substantially as
set forth.
3. In combination with the perch, the clip pivoted thereto and having sockets d'
and the spring bowed and secured above to the seat and having its ends secured by
being inserted in said sockets, said clip being provided with the extension do which
projects forward of its pivot and is stopped against the perch substantially as
set forth.
4. In combination with the perch an elastically tensile seat and its support, at one
end secured to the perch, the spring support at the other end pivoted to the perch at
a point below the seat and between the vertical planes of its ends and a stop to limit
the motion of said support toward the other end substantially as set forth.
5. In combination with the perch, an elastically tensile seat and its spring support
at one end secured to the perch and yielding longitudinally with respect to the seat,
the support at the other end pivoted to the perch at a point below the seat and between
the vertical plane of its ends, and a stop to limit the motion of said support toward
the other end substantially as set forth.
6. In combination with the perch an elastically tensile seat and its spring support
at one end secured to the perch and yielding longitudinally with respect to the seat,
the spring support at the other end pivoted to the perch at a point below the seat and
between the vertical planes of its ends and a stop to limit the motion of said support
toward the other end substantially as set forth.
7. In combination with the perch an elastically tensile seat, its forward support
secured to the perch its rear support pivoted to the perch under the seat and provided
with an extension forward of its pivot, stopped against the perch substantially as
set forth.
8. In combination with the perch substantially as set forth the clip d pivoted
thereto and having the sockets d2 and the spring bowed and secured above to the seat
and having its ends secured by being inserted in said sockets and provided with the
extension d20 forward of its pivot stopped against the perch.
;
9. In combination with the perch the seat and its support at one end secured to the
perch the support at the other end also secured to the perch and adapted to oscillate
in a vertical plane, and a stop secured to the perch, and limiting the upward move-
ment of the said oscillating seat and support substantially as set forth.
10. In combination with the perch, the seat and its support at one end secured to
the perch, the support at the other end also secured to the perch and adapted to oscillate
in a vertical plane and the yielding stop secured to the perch and extended above said
oscillating seat, support to limit yieldingly its upward movement substantially as
set forth.
11. In combination with the perch, the seat and its support at one end secured to
the perch, its support at the other end pivoted to the perch at one end and at the other
end secured to the seat and adapted to oscillate vertically and the yielding stop secured
to the perch and extended above said oscillating support to limit yieldingly the upward
movement substantially as set forth.
12. In combintion with the perch the seat and its support, at one end secured to
the perch, the support at other end also secured at one end to the perch and at the
other end to the seat and adapted to oscillate vertically, and a yielding stop secured
to the perch and located below said oscillating support to limit yieldingly its
downward movement substantially as set forth.
13. In combination with the perch, the seat and its support, at one end secured to

page_text: the perch, its support at the other end also secured at one end to the perch; and at
other end to the seat and yielding intermediately and a stop to limit the downward
movement of said support substantially as set forth.
14. In combination with the perch and the seat, the spring comprising the spiral
coil C, the wire running from one end of it being stopped on the seat, and that
running from the other end being stopped on the perch and the entire spring being
secured to the perch on a pivot passing through the spiral coil substantially as
set forth.
15. In combination with the perch and the seat the spring comprising the two
spiral coils CC, stopped above against the seat and connected below by the yoke (2
which constitutes a means of stopping the lower ends on the perch substantially as
set forth.
16. In combination with the perch and the seat the spring comprising the spiral
coils CC formed of one piece of wire and joined by the loop and having said loop
connected to the seat and the yoke C connecting the ends of the wire of which the
coils are formed and serving to stop the spring on the perch said spring being secured
to the perch on a pivot through the coils substantially as set forth.
17. In combination with the perch, the seat, and supports for the same on the
perch at the front and rear ends, both supports being adapted to yield elastically
rearward and check straps or links to limit their reaction upward substantially as
set forth.
18. In combination with the perch the seat and spring support for the same reacting
between it and the perch and a check strap or link tying the seat downward to the
backbone to limit the upward reaction of the spring support substantially as
set forth.
19. In combination with the perch, the seat, a spring support for its forward end,
a link connecting the seat to such spring support, a check strap adjustable in length
which ties the end of the spring downward to the perch and a rear support for the
seat adjustable back and forward substantially as set forth.
20. In combination with the perch, the seat its rear support on the perch, a spring
support for its forward end, an adjustable link connecting the seat to such spring
support and a check strap connecting the rear end of such support down to the perch
substantially as set forth.
21. In combination with the perch and a flexile seat, spring supports for both ends of
the seat secured upon the perch and yielding rearward, substantially as set forth.
22. In combination with the perch and the flexile seat, a support for the forward
end of the seat on the perch and a support for the rear end of the seat secured upon
the perch and yielding elastically downward and rearward about a pivot or point of
flexure located below the seat and between the vertical planes of its ends, said support
comprising the spring which elastically resists depression of the seat located wholly
under the seat substantially as set forth.
'
23. In combination with the perch and the flexile seat, a support for the forward
end of the seat on the perch and a support for the rear end of the seat secured upon
the perch and yielding elastically downward and rearward about a pivot or point of
flexure located below the seat and between the vertical planes of its ends and a link,
as the strap F which ties the rear end of the seat down to the perch and limits the
upward reaction of the elastic support substantially as set forth.
24. In combination with the perch, and a flexile seat a support on the perch for
either end of the seat a support on the perch for the other end of the seat yielding
elastically downward and rearward and a link adjustable in length connecting the
end of such yielding support to the perch and thereby positively limiting its upward
reaction at the point predetermined by the adjustment of such link substantially as
set forth.
25. In combination with the perch a flexile seat, a support on the perch for the
forward end of the seat, a support on the perch for the rear end of the seat yielding
elastically downward and rearward and a link adjustable in length connecting the rear
end of such rear support down to the perch, the said rear support being adjustable
D

page_text: back and forward on the perch whereby the tension of the seat and its height from
the perch are made adjustable, each with or without change of the other substantially
as set forth.
26. In combination with the perch the rear seat support M' comprising the
portions M1 and M12 and the connecting coil spring portion M" at the forward part,
the part M being adjustably secured to the perch and the part M12 being fixelly
secured to the seat and the adjusting strap F connecting the rear of the part Mĭo
to the rear part of the seat substantially as set forth.
27. In combination substantially as set forth, the perch, the rear spring support
for the seat and the adjusting or checkstrap; the spring support having its spring
flexure at the front and having its lower branches M10 united rearward of the secure
ment to the perch and forming a bend above the same, whereby said bend serves as
a loop or staple in which to secure the adjusti g or check strap, to the backbone.
28. In combination with the perch a flexile seat, a support on the perch for the
forward end of the seat yielding elastically downward and rearward and a check and
adjusting strap as G connecting the spring support down to the perch, a support for
the rear end of the seat secured to the perch and adjustable back and forward thereon
substantially as set forth.
29. In combination with the perch and a flexile seat, spring supports for the seat
secured upon the perch and extending rearward and upward to their connection
with the seat, whereby they tend to yield rearward and downward, the rear support
being longer than the forward support, whereby the seat, in yielding toward the rear
on both the spring supports is also stretched to take up the slack caused by the rider's
weight substantially as set forth.
Dated this 15th day of March 1889.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C., London, Agents to Applicant.