Improvements in Glass Blowing Machines
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Oct, 1995-accented, 23rd Nov., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Glass Blowing Machines
We, MICHAEL JOSEPH OWENS, of No 1847 Michigan Street, Toledo, Ohio,
Glass Blower, and EDWARD DRUMMOND LIBBEY, of No. 1825 Collingwood
Avenue, in the said City of Toledo,, Manufacturer, both in the United States of
America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed. to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement.-
The object of this invention is to produce an improved machine or apparatus for
blowing glass into sectional molds and particularly to the organization in a machine
of means for severally and respectively performing automatically and mechanically,
operations which heretofore have been doue manually, or through the operation of
implements of devices which have been manipulated or in some mauner actuated by
or dependent upon hand, foot, or lung, power.
The present invention consists in the embodiment in an automatic glass-blowing
mache of means or instrumentalities which are found illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings, that is to say, the invention consists, in a machine for blowing
glass, in an a-conduit, a sectional mold a removable blow-pipe, means for
supporting the blow-pipe in operative relation to the an-conduit, and to the mold,
and means for automatically closing said mold after the introduction of the blow-
paupe in its support and for automatically opening the mold prior to the removal of
the blow-pipe, means for cooling the mold while open, and means for imparting
with respect to the blow-pipe and mold a rotational movement, the one relative to
the other.
The present improved machine is susceptible of being made available biefly as
follows
Each of several blow-pipes has gathered thereupon at its lower eud the suitable
quantity of the plastic glass in the form of a hollow bulb as usual, and the pipes
are successively set upon the machine with the " gathering" within the mold
which latter often is a sectional mold, and which is automatically closed about the
gathering A pressure of an is now given through the blow-pipes while they, and
the molds, have a movement of revolution, and in most cases the blow-pipes have,
addition to the bodily revoluble movements, also rotatable movements on their
separate axes whereby the glass may be tuned around within the molds which
have no rotary movements. When the blow-pipes have, in conjunction with the
molds, nearly made their circuit of revoluble movement in the machine, the molds
are automatically opened for the removal of the glass object which has been blown
and molded, and the blow-pipe is removed. The mold thus opened has auto-
matically imparted to it as it completes is evolution a descending movement for
its immersion into a liquid for cooling the mold; and as the mold emerges from
this cooling liquid, and just previous to its being again closed, another blow-pipe
with a new gathering of glass is brought into its position of support and of
proximity to und within the mold, for a repetition of the aforementioned
operations And it is to be understood that when each blow-pipe is supported m
the machine, it is placed in communication with an an supplying receptacle or
conduit, and preferably one which has a valve which is automatically opened and
so held between the times of mounting the blow-pipe in the machine and its
emoval theicfiom, and which is closed for the interval when the mold is open and
being cooled

page_text: accompanying drawings, in which―
Figme is a side elevation of the machine
Figme 2 19 a front elevation of the same.
Figure 3 is a plan view of the parts as seen below the plane indicated by
line 3-3, Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a central vertical section at the lower part of the machine as taken
on the plane indicated by section line 4-4, Figure 3.
Figure 5 a plan view of cam o constraining devices for securing the peculiar
course of the glass molds as will be hereinafter described
Figure 6 is an inverted plan view of an upper part of the machine.
Figure 6 is a plan view showing a somewhat modihed construction of the
mechanism shown in the preceding view.
Figure 7 is a vertical section on a large scale taken on line 7-7, Figure 6,
Figure 8 is a vertical section of parts seen in Figure 7 as taken on line 8--8,
thereon
Figure 9 is a sectional view of parts similar to, but slightly modified from, those
shown in Figure 7, as will hereinafter more distinctly appear
Figure 10, is a prispective view of parts of the sectional mold and of supporting
and other co-operative parts
Figate 11 15 a view of the part on which the blow-pipes are evolubly
supported.
Similar characters of reference on said drawings indicate corresponding parts in
all of the views
A represents the base of the machine which is cncula and having sing from
the edges thereof the uprights, a, a, a, the upper portions of which are joined by
the niches, a, a, a, which unite at the cential hub, a³, in which the upper end
ct the central vertical shaft, B, 15 journaled
Said shaft is also journaled neni its lower end in the upstanding hub. b, of the
base, receiving below the hub which latter is suitably distant from and above the
Hoor the bevel geat wheel, (. With this bevel gear-wheel meshes a bevel-
pinion, D, on the horizontally mounted counter-shaft, E, which is geared to the
horizontal driving-shaft, F, provided with the fixed and loose driving-pulleys, F1, F2,
thereon.
The vertical shaft, B, is supported in its joutual bearings by having the
collni, G, fixed thereon next above the said upstanding base-lub, b
Said collar, G, as particularly seen in Figure 10, at the left, has foun radially
projecting eat-lugs, d, d, to which are respectively pivotally bung the bifurcated
inne ends of the mold-caici, 11, of which there are four for the four sectional
molds, J, with which the machine is provided
Each mold, J, (which may be one of a great variety of forms or contours) is
formed in the two parts, e, e, (Figures 3 and 10) with the lugs, e², e², which with
the upstanding stud, 7, of the mold cairiei, constitute the hinge-supporting means
for the opening and closing mold. Each mold section, furthermore, has a radially
projecting lug, e, with which is connected one of the mold-operating rods, +
A slide-block, L, is mounted for a slide movement in the ways, g, therefor at the
uner edges of the bituicated portions of each mold carrier. This slide-block has
the vertical perforation, 20, upwardly though and beyond which is passed the
Stud, h, headed and shouldered as at 22 and 23, at and near its bottom, and sciew-
threaded at its upper end
The hubs of the aims, t, 2, are set about the upper end portion of the stud, h,
and the nut,,mly clamps said hubs against the upper side of the slide-block
(binging the shoulder, 23, hard against the under side of said block,) and said
clamping bind of the nut confines the armis, 1, 1, in their angular relations.
The extremities of the aims are perforated receiving the ethiough the ends of
the aforementioned connecting rods, e', which are connected to and operate the
old sections.

page_text: The ends of the said connecting rods are screw-threaded and passed quite loosely
through the perforations in the said arms, 1, whereby as the aims have their
movements on, and as one with, the slide the connecting rods may have slight
swinging movements as permitted by the sufficiently large perforations in the euds
of the aims, t, to accord with the change in their duection which they necessarily
acquire in consonance with the swinging of the mold sections.
The roller, 3, is applied to freely rotate about the stud on the lower hended.eud
of which it is supported below the slide-block.
Each mold-carrier, H, has, provided therefor, at its under side, one or more
anti-fiction rolls, k, arranged to have their rotation in planes crosswise of the
lengths of the mold-care to run on the track, m, piovided on the top of
the bed
It is clearly shown in Figures 3 and 4, and indicated in Figures 1 and 2, that at
one sido of its center the base, A, has the basin, M, down into and out from which
the said track takes its course, this course of the track, however, being deflected
towards the center of the base as it descouds
The aforesaid upstanding hub, b, has at its upper edge opposite the basin the
semi-circula flange, &, around on which the rollers,, of the slide run as the
mold-carriers revolve.
Opposite and located outwardly beyond one end of the semi-circular flange, 62,
is a flange or cam 11b, n, upstanding from the top of the bed near the basin, the
operation of which is to impinge against the roller of each slide on each mold-
callier, as it approaches the basin to so force the slide inwardly as to cause,
through the connections described, the automatic opening of the mold just previous
to the instant that the mold-carrier and mold plunge into the cooling liquid in the
basın.
After the mold has passed through and out from the basin, and duectly after
the instant in which the glass-blower may support the newly prepared blow-pipe
in the machine, the tollei, j, of the mold-carriei is impinged upon by the radially
prominent end or part of the said semi-cncular flange, 62, whereby the slide is
Laused again to move outwardly and the mold sections to be closed
The spings, to,
are applied for keeping the molds open when they are immersed, then reactio
being next thereafter, overcome by the action of 11b, ³, on 1oller, 3, under each
mold caner, H
The aforementioned central vertical shaft, B, has fixed thereon, at so ne little
distance above the mold-caters, the blow-pipe-canter, N, which, as shown in
Figme 11, is in the form of the spider having the four radial aims
Each im has at its end the cup-formed depression, 25, outwardly opening, in
which may temporarily rest the shoulder, or enlargement, 26, on the blow-pipe, P,
as plain
Near the upper end of the shaft, B, and affixod thereto is a revoluble au coadunt
or receptacle, the same in the arrangement as shown having the four radially
projecting tubular arms, Q, they being in communication with the ceutial and
common an-supplying tube or conduit, t, as most clearly indicated in Figure 7.
Each of these tubular arms, Q, has a depending and downwardly opening hollow
hub, Q, adjacent which is the pendant bracket-arm, s, in the extremity of ch
18 supported and journaled. for rotation, the vertical tube, Q3, the upper end of
which is entered, for an communication from the source of air supply, within the
said depending hollow hub, Q2.
The lower end of the said vertical and rotatable tube, Q, has the sleeve
screwed thereon which is formed with the downwardly flaring orifice, Figme 7,
(and which may advantageously be bushed with rubber) within which the upper
end of the blow-pipe may be quickly entered to be in a manner supported and
steadied, and to receive through it the ant pressure from the aim and depending
tube, Q, Q³
Euch of the sand rotatable tubes has the con the fictional roller, R, at the same

page_text: level with which is the semi-circular flange or rib, S, sustained by the supporting
bracket-pieces, 29, which inwardly extend from the uprights, a, a
The arrangement of this rib is high above, and concentric with, the flange, 1ª,
and diametrically opposite from the basin, M.
Therefore as the hollow aims, Q, and vertical tubes, Q³, which are adjmets
ther cof, have their revoluble movements, the rollers, R, being in fictional contact
with the said semi-cncula ib, will impart to the blow-pipes, which have then
bodily revoluble movements as understood, also motions of rotation on then own
axes, during the period of then cuent from the place of then entrance into the
machine and mold thereof, at oue side of the basin, around to near the opposite
side of the basin, for the effect of rotating the glass, being blown, within the
molds which later relative to the rotating blow-pipes have no movements, except,
when the molds are sectional, the opening and closing movements.
In Figme 6, the b, S, is shown as a curved rack and each vertical tubular
connection, Q3, of the hollow support, Q, is provided with a pinion, R³, which
periodically runs into mesh with suid iach. This is merely another one of a great
variety of expedients which may be resorted to for ensuring the rotation of the
revolubly earned blow-pipe
The outer extremity of each of the said arms. Q, is closed against the passage
of air therethrough but it has a port, v, which leads from the passage in the arm to
the passage in the vertical tube, Q, the horizontally arranged valve-stem, a, with
the valve, 2, 1s mounted for a adially sliding movement to open and cl se the said
port, the spring, u³, ensuring, normally, its outermost projection for maintaining the
valve closed at said port.
About concentric with, and a little outside of, the aforesaid b, S, 19 another
similar semi-cncular rib, T. properly supported by brackets and it has its end
inclined as seen at T2, Figure 6, all so that as the part, Q, revolves the valve-
stems,, will be successively, and in proper time brought to and maintained in
impingement against said 11b, T, and whereoy the pressure of an will be given to
the blow-pipe for substantially all the time they are in the machine, and of course
on the other hand the au pressure will be cut off from the rotary depending
tube, Q³, when there is no blow-pipe in steadying or supporting engagement, and in
al communication with the tubulai pari, Q
The provision of this intermittently operating valve mechanism is not an
essential to the successful working of the present machine, but it is a provision of
preference as tending to more satisfactory results in most cases.
It will be seen in Figure 7 that the set screw, at, may be set against the valve to
confine it in its ward, open, position whereby it may not as it passes clear from
the b, T, be closed by its spring.
This provision is to the end of permitting a steady and continuous flow of air
out from the au-supplying conduits even when the blow-pipes are not in connection
therewith, which may become desirable in cases where a somewhat excessive
pressure is supplied through the air-conduits,--the aut waste thus occasioned
iending to a suitable reduction of the pressure to accord with the requirements for
the particular character of the glass-blowing and molding work in course of
operation.
In the glass-blowing operations where it is not desirable to rotate the revolubly
cared blow-pipe, and the glass at the lower end thereof within the mold, the
friction rollers, R, may be removed, or in the coustiuction seen in Figure 6, the
pinions, R, may be removed. And in Figme 9, the vertical tubulai pait, Q³, 18
in minus the notating roller o wheel therefor.
show n
While the machine which has been illustrated and in detail herembefore descubed
provides that the bodily traveling movements of the mold-cartiers, the an-conduits,
and the blow-pipes shall be revoluble movements, such being considered the more
practicable and for certain reasons preferable, the invention is not,-except with
respect to the subordinate features thereof as specifically regarded,―to be limited

page_text: to the revoluble bodily movements of said enumerated important parts and the
devices adjunct thereto, for substantially the same effects may be accomplished
when these parts have movements other than revolution imparted thereto.
Having now particularly descubed and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1 In an automatic machine for blowing glass, an an-conduit, a sectional mold,
a removable blow-pipe, me us for supporting the blow-pipe in operative relation to
the air-conduit and to the mold and means for automatically closing said mold
after the troduction of the blow-pipe in its support and for automatically opening
the mold prior to the removal of said blow-pipe.
2 In an automatic machine for blowing glass, an air-conduit, a sectional mold,
a removable blow-pipe, means for supporting the blow-pipe in operative relation to
the an-conduit and to the mold, means for automatically closing said mold after
the introduction of the blow-pipe in its support and for automatically opening the
mold prior to the removal of said blow-pipe, and means for cooling the inold while
open.
3. In an automatic glass-blowing machine, a sectional mold, an an-conduit, a
re novable blow-pipe, a support by which the removable blow-pipe may be
temporarily sustained in cornection with the au-conduit and in operative relation
to the mold, means for automatically opening and closing the mold, and means for
imparting, with respect to the blow-pipe and inold, a rotational movement of the
one relatively to the other.
4 In a glass-blowing machine, in combination, a mold and a mold-carrier, meaus
for imparting movements to the carrier, an air conduit that is movable in unison
with the mold and a removable blow-pipe which may be temporarily placed in
connection with the air-conduit and in co-operative proximity to the mold, for the
purpose substantially as set forth.
5. In a glass-blowing machine, a mold-cariter, with the mold thereon, and au
Bir-supplying conduit, both movable. and having means for imparting tiaveling
movements thereto in unison, a removable blow-pipe, and means comprised in said
machine for affording a support for the blow-pipe whereby one end thereof may he
in communication with the an-supplying conduit and the other in co-operative
proximity to the mold, substantially as described.
6. In a glass-blowing machine, the combination with the vertical rotatable shaft
having at its bottom a revoluble mold-carrier with the mold thereon, having at its
top an air conduit which 18 evoluble in conjunction with the mold-carrier, and
having an intermediate pait, supported by, and evoluble by reason of the rotation
of the shaft, for affording a temporary support for the blow-pipe whereby the top
thereof may be in connection with sand conduit, and the bottom in operative
proximity to the mold, substantially as described.
7. In a glass-blowing machine, in combination, a mold-cartier, and a sectional
opening and closing mold thereon, means for imparting movements to the carriel,
an air-conduit that is movable in unison with the mold, a removable blow-pipe
which may be temporarily placed in connection with the an-conduit and in
co-operative proximity to the mold, and mechanism for periodically and
automatically opening and closing the mold sections, substantially as described.
8 In a glass-blowing machine, in combustion, a inold and a toll-canner, ineans
for imparting movements to the carrier, an an conduit that is movable in unison
with the mold, a removable blow-pipe which may be temporarily placed in connection
with the air-conduit and in co-operative proximity to the mold, a valve in said
conduit aud means for automatically and periodically operating the valve,
substantially as described.
9. In a glass-blowing machine, in combination, a mold and a mold-carrict, me us
for imparting a traveling movenient to the cartier, an all-conduit that is movable
in unison with the mold, a blow-pipe which may be placed in eonnection with the

page_text: an-conduit and in co-operative proximity to the mold, and means for unpaiting
a rotary movement to the blow-pipe, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth
10. In a glass-blowing machine, in combination, a mold and a mold-eairiet, means,
for propelling the carnet, to which the carrier is articulated whereby it may have
a vertical swinging movement, a basin for a cooling liquid in the course of travel
of the came, an an conduit that is movable in unison with the mold, and a
removable blow-pipe which may be temporarily placed in connection with the an-
conduit, and in co-operative proximity to the mold, for the purposes substantially
as set forth.
11. In a glass-blowing machine, in combination, a sectional mold and a mold-
carlier, means for propelling the carrier to which the carrier is atticulated whereby
it may have a vertical swinging movement, to descend into the basin, a basin for
a cooling liquid in the course of travel of the canic, an air conduit that is
movable in unison with the travel of the mold, a emus ible blow-pipe which may
be temporarily placed in connection with the air-conduit, and in co-operative
proximity to the mold and means for automatically opening the mold sections as
they approach the basin for the purposes substantially as set forth.
12. In a glass-blowing machine, in combmation, the base, A, the central vertical
rotatable shaft having connected thereto near its bottom a revoluble mold-cairici
with a mold thereoa, having at its top an au-condunt which is revoluble in
conjunction with the mold-cartier and having an intermediate horizontally extended
part for affording a temporary support for the blow-pipe whereby the top thereof
may be in connection with said an-conduit and the bottom in operative proximity
to the mold, a gear, C, on said vertical shaft, the houzontal counter-shaft, E,
geared to the lower end of the vertical shaft, the driving-shaft, F, and gearing
connecting it with the counter-shaft, substantially as described
13 In a glass-blowing machine, the combination with the base having the
track, m, of the vertical shaft, B, connected to and radially extended from the shaft
and having a friction which runs on the track, the mold mounted on the
canie, a radial air conduit ented by and extended from the upper part of the
shaft and means for supporting, removably, a blow-pipe in connection with the said
conduit and in proximity to the mold, substantially as described.
14 In a gloss blowing machine, the combination with the base having the
basin, M, thei cin and the track, m, which runs around the top of the base and has its
course continued in the basin, of the vertical shaft, B, hinge-connected to, and
radially extended from, the shaft and having a running bearing on said track, a mold
mounted on the carter and incans for turning said shatt, substantially as described
15 In a glass-blowing machine, in combination, the rotary shaft, the carrie
having a mold thereon, connected to and outwardly extended from a member of the
shalt, and having a slide movably guided thereon which is provided with a projection
or roller, a ub-the part aloug which the said projection us for a portion of its
course whereby the slide is outwardly maintained, and a cum in engagement with
which the roller at another part of its course runs for forcing the slide inwardly and
connections between the slide and mold sections whereby the outward and inward
movements of the slide close and open the sectional mold, substantially as
described.
16 In a glass-blowing machine, in combination, the base, A, the shaft, B, the
collar, G, fixed on the shaft having the eai-lugs, d, the mold-carriers, II, H, with
bifurcated mner ends, hinged to the ear-lugs, d, and having the slide-ways, g, the
slide-block, L, on each of the carries having combined therewith the stid, h,
ollei,
and the angularly arranged aune, t, 2, clamped on the upper end of the
stud above the slide-block, by the nut, 2, the mold sections, e, e, hinged on the
mold-caners, each having the outwardly extending lug, e, and the connecting-
rods, e, all substantially as described and show
دل
17 In a glass-blowing machine, in combination, a mold-caine and mold and au
air-conduit both revoluble, means for alloiding a support for a blow-pipe in

page_text: connection with the conduit in proximity to the mold, a valve for closing said condit
baying a spring for forcing its stem outwardly, for closing, and the semi-circular
b, T, to impingement with which the revolubly carried valve-stein is periodically
moved, substantilly as described
18 In a glass-blowing machine in combination, a mold and mold-carrier, means
for imparting revoluble movements to the carrier, and an an-conduit that is movable
unison with the mold, a removable blow-pipe which may he placed in connection
with the au-conduit and in co-operative proximity to the mold, a depending tubulnı
ait, Q, otatably mounted upon the revolubly carried air-conduit, to form a cou-
tinuation thereof and the part which receives the engagement therewith of the
upper end of the blow-pipe, a wheel or roller secured on said depending tubular
otatable part, and the at-shaped fixture, S, on which the said wheel runs
ding a portion of the revoluble movement of the mold-carrier and an-conduit,
substantially as described.
19 In a glass-blowing machine, the combination with the mold-cartier and the
au-conduit, Q, horizontally thereabove and means for revolubly moving both in
unison, of the depending rotary tubular continuation of the conduit, Q, having its-
lower end constructed for the engagement therewith of the upper end of a blow-
pipe, substantially as aud for the purposes set forth.
20. In a glass-blowing machine, the combination with the base having the-
upstanding hub, b, with the outstanding arc-formed flauge, 62, and the eccentrically
alanged cam-rib, n, of the mold-carriers having the slide, L. with the olleis, 1,
the sectional molds hinged together and mounted on the mold-cartiers and means
inter vening between the slides and mold-sections actuated by the movements of the
slide for opening and closing the mold-sections, substantially as described.
21. In a glass-blowing machine, the combination with the revolubly movable
mold-carrie and air-conduit thereabove having the valves, ³, and the valve-
stein, z, with the spring, u³, appired thereto for forcing it outwardly to close the
valve, of the semi-cu cular fixture, T, and the set-screw applied for holding the
valve-stem open, substantially as described.
22 In a glass-blowing machine, the combination with the base, formed with the
basin, of the revolubly movable mold-carriers and hinged molds thereon, the mold-
carriers being Jointed to the support which evolubly propels it, whereby it may
descend into the basin, means for opening the molds prior to such descent, springs
for exerting a pressure to restrain the open molds from closing while in their
lowered positions, and means for closing the molds after ascending tiom within the
basin, substantially as described.
23. In a machine for blowing glass, one or more molds each consisting of hinged
sections, a base on which said molds may move, having a depression in a portion
of its surface in which said molds fall in succession when moved as aforesaid,
means lo mox ing said molds on said base, and for causing the same, severally, to
open and close automatically while descending into and rising out of said
depression, combmed and operating substantially as set forth
Dated this 25th day of June 1895.
MICHAEL JOSEPH OWENS.
EDWARD DRUMMOND LIBBEY.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, WC, Agents for the Applicants.