A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR EXCAVATING, DRILLING, CLEANING, FILLING, OR OTHERWISE TREATING TEETH
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Bristow Hunt, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's
Inn, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention
of "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR EXCAVATING, DRILLING,
CLEANING, FILLING, OR OTHERWISE TREATING TEETH." -A communication
from abroad by William M. Reynolds, of New York, in the United
States of Amorian
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bristow Hunt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th July 1872.
I, BRISTOW HUNT, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR Ex-
CAVATING, DRILLING, CLEANING, FILLING, OR OTHERWISE TREATING TEETH," (a
communication to me from abroad by William M. Reynolds, of New
York, in the United States of America), to be as follows:-
-
This Invention relates to new or improved means for excavating,
drilling, cleaning, filling, or otherwise treating' teeth, which the Inventor

page_text: designates by the name of a “dental drill," and which consists of a
small hollow handle enclosing a rod capable of revolving therein, and
which rod is made hollow at its outer end in order to securely hold the
instrument with which the tooth is to be treated. The inner end of the
rod fits in a flat spiral spring, which at its other end is suitably secured
to a rod capable of sliding in a slotted hollow rod, which latter has
secured to its inner end another flat spiral spring, which in like manner
is further secured to a revolving rod working (by preference) in an
upright standard, and held in position at the top thereof by a cap, and
having attached at its lower end (where it revolves in a step of the
standard) a small toothed pinion or (by preference) a leather or rubber
friction disc or rim which engages with and receives motion from a
small fly wheel placed at the lower part of the standard, revolving
in suitable bearings thereon and worked by the foot and a treadle.
A spiral spring or other suitable means is connected to the spindle
of the fly wheel (which by a ball or wedge is prevented from revolving
in the wrong direction) and keeps the latter in such a position that it
can always be started by the foot and treadle without the necessity for
at first starting it by hand.
The object of the springs, which form adjustable joints, and of the
adjustable rods, is to allow of the handle and its appliancé being readily
moved in any position or direction desired.
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When the apparatus is required to be used for filling the teeth, the
first mentioned spring at its outer end is secured to an instrument or
attachment called by the Inventor a 'mallet," and which consists
mainly of a hollow tube enclosing a small spring plug, which by the
rotation of the fly wheel (which causes all the parts, except the standard
and handle, to rapidly revolve) is caused continually to produce a series
of blows, which direct the filling material, previously placed on the
tooth, into the hollow thereof.
When desired to clean the teeth this attachment is replaced by
suitably shaped brushes. Whatever the appliance or instrument used,
whether it be for excavating, drilling, cleaning, or otherwise treating
teeth, they are all caused rapidly to revolve by the means described, the
flexible joints and adjustable rods allowing of the handle being readily
moved in any position so as to direct the instrument (which revolves
loosely therein) with great ease wherever required.

page_text: The "mallet" alone is excepted, and when this is used the handle
is removed and the tube serves as a handle by which to direct the
plug (which receives a succession of blows instead of revolving) where
required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Bristow Hunt in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 24th January 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BRISTOW
HUNT, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Bristow Hunt, Her special licence
that I, the said Bristow Hunt, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Bristow Hunt, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR EXCAVATING, DRILLING, CLEANING, FILLING, OR OTHER-
WISE TREATING TEETH," (a communication to me from abroad by William
M. Reynolds, of New York, in the United States of America), upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Bristow Hunt, my
exccutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Bristow Hunt, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the

page_text: · following statement in writing, and on reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, that is to say :-
-
This Invention relates to new or improved means for excavating,
drilling, cleaning, filling, or otherwise treating teeth, which the Inventor
designates by the name of a "dental drill" or
machine."
66
66
Reynolds's dental
On the accompanying Drawings Figure 1 represents a front elevation,
and Figure 2 a side elevation of the improved apparatus.
The tool or instrument carrier consists of a small hollow handle o of a
triangular section at the part o¹, Figure 3, which enables it to be held
firmly in the hand in a free and natural position. The instrument
holder socket or rod p passes through o and is connected by a flat spiral
spring, stiff rubber tubing, or universal joint ♬ to a rod n fitted with a
pin n³ which slides up and down in internal grooves of a rod m. To m is
secured a second joint which is also secured to a revolving rod or
shaft, which works in an upright hollow standard or rod k fitted in a
socket on the cap 6, and has for its upper bearing a cap /', and for its
lower one a step or lug a projecting inwards from the frame a¹, and also
, has attached at its lower part a small toothed pinion or a leather or
rubber friction disc, rim, or pulley i, which engages with or receives
motion from a fly wheel c fastened to the shaft d, which works in
bearings in the side frames a, a¹, and receives primary motion by the
action of the foot upon a treadle h, which rocks on a stay bolt a³ by
means of lugs on its under side, and is connected to d by a connecting
rod and crank e pinned on the end of d which projects beyond a.
The frames a, a', are held together by stay bolts a², as, securing the lower
parts or feet thereof, and by a cap 6 secured to the tops of them by
screws b¹. The crank pin is thrown off the dead centre when the
apparatus is at rest by a spring 9 which is secured to hand bears
against f, so that the apparatus can be put in motion by the foot
without the necessity of at first starting it by hand; the wheel c is
prevented from revolving in the wrong direction by a wedge or ball z.
The hook q on k is provided for keeping o out of the way when the
machine is not in use by pressing n thereinto.
When the apparatus is required to be used for filling the teeth,
o, o¹, and p are removed and the outer end of 1 is secured to an instru-
ament or attachment called by the Inventor a "mallet," which is illustrated

page_text: · full size in Figures 4 and 5, an exterior view and longitudinal section
respectively.
The mallet consists mainly of a hollow tube 1 provided with a screw
cap 2, and with an internal worm 3. Within this is placed a slotted
hollow guide tube 4, within which acts a rod 5 having a groove 6 in an
enlarged head 7, and a projection 8 with a cam pin 9 at its lower part,
and encircled by a spiral spring 10 and a loose nut 11 which takes in 3
and regulates the tension of 10, so as to increase or reduce the force of
the blows given by a loose plug 12 which emerges at the point of the
nozzle 13 of 4. The plug is provided with a notch at 14 in which
engages a projection on the inner end of a finger spring 15, Figure 6,
which end, when the outer end is pressed into the position shewn in
Figure 5, falls into the groove 6 and allows 5 to act on the plug, but
when the pressure of the finger is released, a second spring 16 forces the
inner end inwards beyond 6 and prevents 5 acting and the projection
catches in 14, and prevents 12 from falling out, see Figure 6. The plug
is actuated by a cam 17 on the end of a rod 18 which is fixed in P, and
which by the rotation of c (which causes all the parts of the apparatus
except / (o, o',) and 1 to revolve rapidly) causes the plug to produce a
series of blows which direct the filling material previously placed on the
tooth into the hollow thereof.
k
I would here remark that by slightly modifying the construction of
the above described apparatus, such as lowering the height of the
standard and making suitable alterations in other minor details, the
apparatus when used with the mallet is well adapted for the use of
jewellers and other mechanics who require a similar action to perform
their work, that is a rapid series of light blows.
When desired to clean the teeth the mallet attachment is replaced by
suitably shaped brushes. Whatever the appliance or instrument used,
excepting the mallet, whether it be for excavating, drilling, cleaning,
or otherwise treating teeth, it is caused to revolve rapidly by the means
described and so act upon the teeth, the joints and rods 1, l, m, n,
allowing of the handle being moved readily into any desired position so
as to direct the instrument (which revolves loosely therein) with great
case wherever required.

page_text: Cleaning, Filling, or otherwise Treating Teeth," together with the
manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried
into practical effect, I would remark in conclusion that I claim as
the Invention communicated to me by the above-named William M.
Reynolds,-
Firstly. The handle o with the part o¹ made three-sided, a section of
which is an equilateral triangle, through which the socket p turns, as
set forth, when used in a dental drill, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
Secondly. The treadle h and fly wheel c in combination with the
friction pulley i and upright shaft revolving in the step a constructed
and operated for a dental drill, substantially as set forth.
Thirdly. The combination of the handle o, upright shaft ¹, adjustable
rods m, n, and flexible joints 2 and constructed and operated, sub-
stantially as set forth.
And, fourthly. The general construction and action of the mallet and
its employment for the purposes set forth, substantially as above described
and as illustrated on the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, 'I, the said Bristow Hunt, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of January, in the ?
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy- ·
three.
5
DDISTOW TTTTNT