Improvements in Head Pressing and Marking Machinery for Cartridge Case Manufacture.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 30th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 31st Jan., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Head Pressing and Marking Machinery for
Cartridge Case Manufacture.
We, GEORGE KYNOCH AND COMPANY LIMITED and EDWARD JONES, both of
Lion Works, Witton, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to an improved head pressing and marking machine and
our object is to produce an effective machine for pressing the caulk and head of
cartridge cases with a definite predetermined pressure and at the same time to
arrange that whatever marking or printing is desired upon the metallic head of the
case may be performed in the same machine.
In a machine constructed to carry our invention into effect we arrange a suitable
upper plate mounted on strong pillars attached to a base plate. On the upper plate
we mount a rotating plate arranged to rotate about a central axis.
In this rotating
plate we arrange a series of equi-distant apertures spaced accurately around the
circle. We cause this plate to rotate by an intermittent motion such as that given
by a pawl and ratchet, but we prefer the motion known as the Geneva motion which
consists essentially of a rotating crank pin designed to engage in a series of radial
slots and by moving these slots to advance the rotating plate or disc one division at
each rotation of the crank pin. The said slots alternate with semi-circular
depressions in the edge of the disc and these depressions are so arranged that as the
crank pin comes out of each slot a circular surface is introduced into a semi-circular
depression and the said surface rotates truly within the depression and holds the
disc firmly and accurately in position while so rotating. By this device the disc is
advanced one division at each revolution of the crank pin but is firmly held for the
desired time by the circular part of the motion. Above the rotating disc plate we
mount a strong bridge piece having in it two apertures truly opposed to two of the
apertures in the disc plate. At each stationary period of the disc plate two
apertures in the said plate truly oppose the apertures referred to in the bridge piece.
These apertures carry tools or punches against which the cartridge head is pressed
from below; one tool serves to print the desired matter upon the metal of a
cartridge head and the other tool serves to press the head to bring it truly to its
final form while the internal punch pressing the caulk within the cartridge case.
Each tool or punch is constructed hollow, the lower part of the tool which is made
separate from the upper part having a small hole and the upper part having a larger
hole. A lever mounted above the bridge piece carries two plungers which fit into
upper holes or tubes and these plungers carry small extensions passing through the
smaller holes in the tools. The extensions are of the requisite diameter to fit truly
within the cap chambers of the cartridge cases and the lever is so moved that these
extensions or pins pass into the cap chamber of the cartridge cases and cause the said
cases to assume a truly central position while also holding the cap chamber true to
position while the pressing or printing is going on. On one side of the bridge piece.
we mount the pressing in piece on the end of a suitable spindle and this piece serves
to press the cartridge cases into position in the holes after they have been placed
into the holes by hand. On the other side of the bridge piece we arrange extracting.
mechanism consisting of a rising and falling tube which comes down on the top of a

page_text: cartridge case, and into which the said case is pushed from below, the tube carrying
a spring clutch arrangement which seizes the cartridge case when pushed
within it.
In the lower part of the frame we mount a main shaft with fly wheel and driving
pulleys and from this main shaft we obtain all the motions requisite to carry out the
operations of the machine.
We connect a vertical shaft operating the Geneva motion to the main shaft by
means of toothed and bevil wheels and in some cases we find it convenient to make
the toothed wheels eccentric, and if desired oval in order to give a longer pause to
the disc plate than would otherwise be possible.
Upon the crank shaft we mount a cam which operates a lever actuating a spindle
carrying the pressing down devices, intended to press down the cartridge case heads
flush with the tool in the rotating disc plate after the said cartridge cases have been
placed into the apertures by hand. We also mount upon the crank shaft a cam
likewise connected by suitable levers to operate the extracting mechanism, moving
up and down the extractor tube on its spindle. A cam is likewise provided for each
of two plungers moving from below one of which serves to press the head against
the finishing tool. We also provide a lever carrying suitable weights to press up a
tube enclosing an inner punch, the function of the said tube being to hold the lower
die in the rotating disc against the upper die in the bridge piece before bringing
on the pressure upon the caulk. The pressure so brought upon the lower die
pressing it against the upper die is determined by the weights upon the end of the
fever and the whole function of the cam operating the lever is simple to allow these
weights to come into action or to so lift the lever as to prevent the weights acting.
Each aperture in the rotating disc plate carries a die constructed to enable the
cartridge cases to be conveniently slipped within it, and each die carries a central
punch on which each cartridge case is slipped. The central punch is arranged with
a collar to enable it to rest within the die and each punch has a projection passing
through the lower part of the die against which projection a pin operates, thrust
from below.
The pressure applied for printing the cartridge head is applied directly by means
of a bell crank lever and a sliding spindle operated from a cam on the crank shaft,
and after the cartridge head has been printed the disc carries it round to the next
upper hole where the punch is thrust up from below to give the final pressure upon
the caulk and to finally form the head.
It is desirable in such head pressing machines to press the head of each cartridge
and its caulk to a determinate pressure and as the thickness of the caulk may vary
to a slight extent it is desirable to apply this pressure in such manner that a
thicker caulk will not receive too much pressure and a thinner caulk too little
pressure.
To enable this to be done we arrange an eccentric upon the main shaft, which
eccentric oscillates a lever pivoted to the bed of the machine. This lever carries
within it a short link attached at a certain distance from the centre of the pressure
spindle to a lever pivoting on one end to the pressure spindle and at the other end
to a link mounted upon the bell crank lever. The last mentioned link pivots to the
short end of the bell crank lever and the long end is held by a powerful spring
attached to the frame of the machine. The lever connected to the eccentric
together with its attached link form a toggle linkage and when the eccentric pushes
over the said lever the toggle is straightened and pressure is applied to the lever
connecting to the pressure spindle. The said lever acts as a steelyard and
accurately determines the pressure to be applied to the caulk. If the pressure
becomes too great then the spring yields and so within narrow limits the pressure
The
upon the caulk is kept constant whether the caulk be thick or thin.
end of the steelyard lever we sometimes mount above a roller firmly fixed to
the frame of the machine, in order to take the primary pull of the spring as
adjusted.
By means of our machine the cartridge cases are both printed on the head,

page_text: and pressed to form the head and to press the caulk, with one feeding into a
machine.
The cartridge cases are placed in the rotating dies by hand, pushed down flush
with the said dies by the presser, printed on the printing die, pressed on the
pressing die to a predetermined pressure acting on the caulk, and then extracted by
the extractor mechanism.
Cams are provided together with levers, weights and spring, to carry out all the
required movements.
Tlated this 2011 dom of January 1904
Improvements in Head Pressing and Marking Machinery for
Cartridge Case Manufacture.
We, GEORGE KYNOCH AND COMPANY LIMITED and EDWARD JONES, both of
Lion Works, Witton, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
Our invention relates to an improved head pressing and marking machine and our
object is to produce an effective machine for pressing the caulk and head of cartridge
cases with a definite predetermined pressure and at the same time to arrange that
whatever marking or printing is desired upon the metallic head of the case may be
performed in the same machine.
Referring to the two accompanying sheets of drawings―
Figure 1 is an elevation of our machine.
Figure 2 is a plan.
Figure 3 is a transverse vertical section on the line a b Figure 1, looking from the
right hand side of Figure 1, and
Figure 4 is a transverse vertical section through the line cd, looking from the
left hand side of Figure 1.
Fig. 5 is a section, showing on a larger scale the dies carried by the rotating plate
and the internal punch as also the lower part of the upper tool.
The
In a machine constructed to carry our invention into effect we arrange a suitable
upper plate A mounted on strong pillars B attached to a base plate C. On the
upper plate A we mount a rotating plate D arranged to rotate about a central
axis D. In this rotating plate we arrange a series of equi-distant apertures D²
spaced accurately around the circle. We cause this plate D to rotate by an inter-
mittent motion such as that given by a pawl and ratchet, but we prefer the motion
known as the Geneva motion which consists essentially of a rotating crank pin E
designed to engage in a series of radial slots E' and by moving these slots to advance
the rotating plate or disc D one division at each rotation of the crank pin E.
said slots E' alternate with semi-circular depressions E2 in the edge of the disc and
these depressions are so arranged that as the crank pin E comes out of each slot a
circular surface E³ is introduced into a semi-circular depression E and the said
surface rotates truly within the depression and holds the disc D firmly and
accurately in position while so rotating. By this device the disc D is advanced
one division at each revolution of the crank pin E but is firmly held for the desired
time by the circular part of the motion. Above the rotating disc plate we mount a
strong bridge piece F having in it two apertures truly opposed to two of the
apertures in the disc plate. At each stationary period of the disc plate two

page_text: apertures in the said plate truly oppose the apertures referred to in the bridge
piece. These apertures carry tools or punches respectively G H against which the
cartridge head is pressed from below; one tool H serves to print the desired matter
upon the metal of a cartridge head and the other tool G serves to press the head to
bring it truly to its final form while the internal punch is pressing the caulk within
the cartridge case.
The plate D rotates in the direction of the arrow on the plan Figure 2.
Each tool or punch is constructed hollow, the lower part of the tool which is
made separate from the upper part having a small hole and the upper part having
a larger hole.
In Figure 4 the tool H is shown as screwed at its upper part into the bridge
piece F and locked when adjusted by the nut H2; the lower part of the tool fits
into a socket; this lower part is shown at H. The tool G Figures 3 and 5 is
arranged in a precisely similar manner.
A lever I mounted above the bridge piece F is pivoted at I' and carries two
plungers respectively 12 13 which fit into upper holes or tubes and these plungers
carry small extensions I4 I6 passing through the holes in the lower parts G¹ H¹ of
the tools. The said extensions are of the requisite diameter to fit truly within the
cap chambers of the cartridge cases and the lever 1 is so moved that these
extensions or pins pass into the cap chamber of the cartridge cases and cause the
said cases to assume a truly central position while also holding the cap chamber
true to position while the pressing or printing is going on. On one side of the
bridge piece F we mount the pressing in piece J Figure 4 on the end of a suitable
spindle and this piece serves to press the cartridge cases into position in the holes
after they have been placed into the holes by hand. On the other side of the
bridge piece we arrange extracting mechanism consisting of a rising and falling
tube K which comes down on the top of a cartridge case, and into which the said
case is pushed from below, the tube carrying a spring clutch arrangement which
seizes the cartridge case when pushed within it.
This arrangement is well known in cartridge machinery and does not require
further description.
In the lower part of the frame we mount a main shaft L with fy wheel L' and
driving pulleys L² and from this main shaft we obtain all the motions requisite to
carry out the operations of the machine.
We connect a vertical shaft M Figure 4 operating the Geneva motion to the
main shaft L by means of toothed and bevil wheels respectively M³ M², and in
some cases we find it convenient to make the toothed wheels M³ eccentric, and if
desired oval in order to give a longer pause to the disc plate than would otherwise
be possible.
At Figure 4 the toothed wheels M³ are dotted in and shown as eccentric.
Upon the main shaft L we mount a cam which operates a lever N actuating a
spindle N carrying the pressing down devices or piece J, intended to press down
the cartridge case heads flush with the tool in the rotating disc plate D after the
said cartridge cases have been placed into the apertures D2 by hand. We also
mount upon the main shaft L a cam likewise connected by a suitable lever O to
operate the extracting mechanism K, moving up and down the extractor tube K
by its spindle K. A cam is likewise provided for each of two plungers
respectively PQ moving from below, one of which serves to press the head against
the finishing tool G¹. We also provide a lever S carrying suitable weights S¹ to
press up a tube R enclosing an inner punch P, the function of the said tube R being
to hold the lower die in the rotating disc D against the upper die G' in the bridge
piece F before bringing on the pressure upon the caulk. The pressure so brought
upon the lower die pressing it against the upper die is determined by the
weights Supon the end of the lever and the whole function of the cam S
operating the lever S by the roller S3 is simply to allow these weights S¹ to come
into action or to so lift the lever as to prevent the weights acting. The lever S
and the other levers operated by cams on the shaft L pivots from the pin T.

page_text: Each aperture in the rotating disc plate D carries a die U Figures 3 and 5
constructed to enable the cartridge cases to be conveniently slipped within it, and
each die carries a central punch U on which each cartridge case is slipped. The
central punch is arranged with a collar to enable it to rest within the die and each
punch has a projection passing through the lower part of the die against which
either of the projecting pins PQ operates, thrust from below.
A circular groove V in the table A permits the projecting ends of the dies to
travel round.
The pressure required for printing the cartridge head is applied directly by
means of a weighted lever W and a sliding spindle or punch Q operated from a cam
on the crank shaft L, and after the cartridge head has been printed the disc D
carries it round to the next upper hole carrying the tool G where the punch P is
thrust up from below by the lever S and weight S' to give the final pressure upon
the caulk and to finally form the head.
The weights W' apply the tool Q by the lever W with the necessary pressure to
stamp the head.
It is desirable in such bead pressing machines to finally press the head of each
cartridge and its caulk to a determinate pressure and as the thickness of the caulk
may vary to a slight extent it is desirable to apply this pressure in such manner
that a thicker caulk will not receive too much pressure and a thinner caulk too
little pressure.
To enable this to be done we arrange an eccentric X upon the main shaft L,
which eccentric oscillates a lever f pivoted to the bed of the machine at f'. This
lever carries within it a short link g attached at a certain distance from the centre
of the pressure spindle to a lever h pivoting on one end ¹ to the pressure spindle
and at the other end h² to a link i mounted upon a bell crank lever k. The last
mentioned link i pivots to the short end of the bell crank lever k and the long
end is held by a powerful spring attached to the frame of the machine. The
lever connected to the eccentric X by the strong connecting piece X₁ together
with its attached link g form a toggle linkage and when the eccentric pushes over
the said lever the toggle is straightened and pressure is applied to the lever h
connecting to the pressure spindle or punch P. The said lever h acts as a steelyard
and accurately determines the pressure to be applied to the caulk.
becomes too great then the spring yields and so within narrow limits the
pressure upon the caulk is kept constant whether the caulk be thick or thin. The
end of the steelyard lever h we sometimes mount above a roller m firmly fixed to
the frame of the machine, in order to take the primary pull of the spring / as
adjusted.
If the pressure
In the position of the toggle linkage f g shown in full lines at Figure 3 the
punch P is pushed home to press the caulk. The other extreme position is
indicated by the dotted lines f² g¹.
Each lever is actuated by roller and cam which does not require fuller
description.
By means of our machine the cartridge cases are both printed on the head, and
pressed to form the head and to press the caulk, with one feeding into a machine.
The cartridge cases are placed in the rotating dies by hand, pushed down flush
with the said dies by the presser, printed on the printing die, pressed on the pressing
die to a predetermined pressure acting on the caulk, and then extracted by the
extractor mechanism.
Cams are provided together with levers, weights and springs, to carry out all the
required movements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. A machine in which the heads of cartridges are first marked or printed and
then the caulks are pressed and the head given its finished form; comprising in

page_text: combination :-A disc with apertures to contain dies and punches for forming the
case, the said disc being rotated by a step by step motion; two top tools one for
marking or printing and one for the final pressing or finishing operation; two
bottom punches or tools operated by levers suitably actuated; and extracting
mechanism for pushing out the finished cases substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In a machine for pressing the caulk of a cartridge case, the use of an outer
sleeve as R Figure 3 actuated separately to hold the head of a case firmly against
a top finishing tool together with an internal tool P independently moved to press
the caulk while the case is held up by the outer sleeve, substantially as hereinbefore
described reference being had to the drawings.
3. In a machine for pressing the caulk of a cartridge case the use of a system of
toggle linkage as fg Figure 3, a steelyard lever as held to its work by a system
of links and levers as ik which system is operated by a spring as l or equivalent
weight so as to allow a predetermined pressure to be applied to the caulk and
permit considerable variation of its thickness without much variation in the
compressing force substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
4. The head pressing and marking machine hereinbefore described as illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 20th day of Narambon 1001
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.