Improvements in Sewing Machines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Oct., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 5th July, 1894-Accepted, 8th Sept., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Sewing Machines.
I, HARREY MOORE, of High Street, Wellingborough in the County of
Northampton, Machine Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention for improvements in sewing machines relates to lock stitch machines
in which a continuously rotating hook or shuttle is employed, and has for its object
to enable either a ball or bobbin of twine or cotton to be used in the bobbin or
thread case at pleasure.
The rotary hook is provided with a central pin extending centrally from the
back side and the spherical bobbin or thread case, made in two parts, is provided
with a cone-shaped hollow tube fitting on the said pin and extending centrally
from the back part to nearly the front side, sufficient space being left between its
end and this side to allow the twine or cotton to be drawn past. The thread case
is held on the pin by a spring catch lever. The exterior conical surface of the
tube allows the thread to be readily drawn from the centre of the ball, care being
taken to thread the thread case so that the twine passes out of the ball at the
front side.
In a modification the front side of the bobbin or thread case is provided with a
central hole with a bar across or an indentation pierced with two holes, the twine
or cotton being first passed round the bar or through the holes and then through
the usual tension device.
The pin on the hook or shuttle is also adapted to support a shield carrying the
tension device and protecting the front side of an ordinary bobbin or reel of thread
of suitable shape.
Dated this 5th day of October 1893.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in Sewing Machines.
I HARREY MOORE, of High Street, Wellingborough, in the County of
Northampton, Machine Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention for improvements in sewing machines relates to lock stitch
machines in which the bobbin or thread case is supported within a continuously
rotating shuttle.
The rotary shuttle is arranged to support a thread case adapted to hold a ball of
thread or a shield adapted to hold a cop reel or bobbin of thread.
The rotary shuttle is provided with a central pin extending centrally from the
back side and the thread case made in two parts and adapted to hold a ball of
twine is provided with a cone shaped hollow tube fitting on the said pin and
extending centrally from the back part to nearly the front side sufficient space
being left between its end and this side to allow the twine or cotton to be drawn
past. The thread case is held on the pin by a spring catch lever. The exterior
conical surface of the tube allows the thread to be readily drawn from the centre

page_text: of the ball, care being taken to thread the thread case so that the twine passes out
of the ball at the front side. To ensure still more the free drawing of the thread
from the ball the front side of the thread case may be provided with a central hole
with a bar across, or an indentation pierced with two holes, the twine or cotton
being first passed round the bar, or through the holes and then through the usual
tension device. The pin on the shuttle is also adapted to support a shield carrying
the tension device and protecting the front side of an ordinary bobbin or reel of
thread of suitable shape.
The shuttle is supported in a circular shuttle race consisting of two adjustable
bearing pieces secured to a fixed bracket so that the centre of rotation of the
rotary shuttle can be adjusted laterally and any wear taken up.
The shuttle is driven by means of two concentric rotating drivers rotated by
rotating studs set eccentrically to the rotating drivers so as to obtain a slow motion
as the hook takes the thread from the needle one stud being arranged in advance
of the other so that the driving is taken up alternately by the two drivers to allow
the thread to pass the drivers.
The feed wheel is circular and is supported and rotates on a yoke or ring
secured to the frame of the machine at one side by a pivoted joint and at the other
by an adjustable fastening so that it can be drawn up towards the cloth plate to
vary the extension of the feed wheel above the cloth plate. The feed wheel is
actuated by a nipping lever or grip and back motion of the wheel is also prevented
by a stationary nipping lever or grip brake. The feed nipping lever is actuated
from an arm fixed on a vibrating shaft running underneath the cloth plate from end
to end and having at its other end an arm connected to one end of a link sliding
through a pivoted sleeve and having at its other end a roller working in a race in
a lever vibrated from an eccentric on the main shaft. The sleeve is adapted to be
moved to force the roller nearer to or further from the fulcrum of the lever to
adjust the extent of motion of the roller and thus the length of the stitch.
In the accompanying six sheets of illustrative drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a sewing machine constructed according to this
invention; and Fig. 2 is a part central vertical section showing the shuttle and
its driving mechanism; and Fig. 3 is a part sectional front end elevation of
the same.
Fig. 4 is a front sectional elevation showing the fixed shuttle bracket and the
shuttle drivers.
Fig. 5 is a cross section through the shuttle driving mechanism showing the parts
in the positions they occupy when the shuttle hook is taking the loop from the
needle, the shuttle being driven at its heel, and Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the
same.
Figs. 7 and 8 are corresponding views to Figs. 5 and 6 showing the shuttle driven
at its hook after the loop has passed the hook.
Figs. 9 and 10 are sectional back end elevations showing the feed mechanism just
after and just before a feed movement.
Fig. 11 is a section of the thread case and part of the shuttle showing a shuttle
with a thread case for a ball.
Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the thread case, and Fig. 13 is a front elevation of
the same.
Fig. 14 is a similar view to Fig. 11 showing the thread case replaced by a bobbin
and its shield or protector.
Figs. 15 and 16 are side and front elevations respectively of the bobbin and its
shield or protector.
The rotary shuttle a rotates in the bearing pieces b supported by a ring b¹ secured
by screws to the bracket & depending from the cloth plate c. The shuttle and
its bearing picces can thus be removed bodily for adjustment and other purposes.
As shown the race of the bearing pieces 6 is shape in cross section and a
corresponding recess is formed in the periphery of the rotary shuttle. The bearing
pieces b are secured to the ring by means of screws 6³ passing through elongated

page_text: holes in the bearing pieces so that the position of the centre of rotation of the
rotary shuttle can be adjusted laterally and that any wear between the bearing
surfaces of the race and shuttle can be readily taken up. The bearing pieces b are
adjusted by means of the screws passing through the fixed ring 6. The ring b¹
can also be adjusted on the bracket 2.
The rotary shuttle a is provided with a central pin a³. The thread case d³ is
provided with a cone shaped hollow tube de fitting on the pin a². It is retained on
the shuttle by a latch lever f, pivoted to a projection secured to the ring ¹ by
a screw 6. The upper end 12 of the latch lever f is forked to engage the pro-
jection d' on the thread case to hold it stationary whilst the shuttle rotates.
will readily be seen that as the shuttle hook carries the loop from the needle round
to enclose the locking thread, the thread easily passes the leverf holding the thread
case stationary.
It
The thread case is made in two parts fitting together and secured by the bayonet
catches d'. The front side of the thread case may be formed with an indentation
in which are pierced, two holes through which the thread is passed before going to
the tension device so as to ensure that the thread is drawn off the conical tube d
axially. The two holes may be formed like a single hole with a bar across.
The pin a2 is also adapted to receive the bobbin shield d carrying the ordinary
tension device and an ordinary bobbin d and which is retained by the latch lever f
engaging the projection d*.
The shuttle a is driven by means of two drivers g g¹ fixed on the concentric
shafts hh', the shaft being mounted within the shaft and the shaft /¹ being
mounted in a bearing depending from the cloth plate c. The shafts are
driven from the countershaft i¹ itself driven from the main shaft i as clearly shown.
The axis of the shafts his eccentric to that of the countershaft and the shaft h
is driven by means of the link and arm 1 from the part m of a double eccentric
stud fixed to a disc on the end of the countershaft and the shaft h is driven by
means of the link j and arm from the part m¹ of the double eccentric stud, the
part m being slightly in advance of the part m so that the shuttle is driven
alternately by the two drivers g g' as will be presently described. The eccentricity
of the shaft causes the drivers to be driven at a variable speed so that when the
hook is taking the thread from the needle the speed is slow. As the part m³ is in
advance of the part m of the eccentric stud the speed of the drivers is also
variable in relation to one another, the driver gl acting on the heel of the shuttle
driving the shuttle as shown in Fig. 6 whilst the hook is taking the thread and
until the loop has passed the driver g and the driver y acting on the hook of the
shuttle taking up the driving as shown in Fig. 8 when the loop passes the driver g¹
acting on the heel of the shuttle.
The feed wheel or ring n is circular and works on a yoke'o fixed at one side to a
shaft supported by pivots o² screwing into lugs depending from the cloth
plate c. The other side of the yoke o is pivoted to a screwed lug o³ on which
screws a nut of itself screwing into the cloth plate c. The outer and inner threads
of the nut o are of different pitch, or one is right and the other left handed so
that by screwing or unscrewing the nut of the height of the centre of the yoke o
is adjusted and consequently the amount the feed plate projects above the cloth
plate c. The feed plate n is retained on the yoke by the flange of of the yoke on
one side and by the spring o and headed screws o' secured on the other side
of the yoke and can be removed therefrom by removing the spring of and
screw o
The feed wheel or ring n is rotated after each stitch has been made by means of
a nipping lever p having a square recess fitting loosely ou the lip n of the feed
plate. The lever p is pivoted at its outer end to the link p' itself pivoted to an
arm on a countershaft p³. A spring secured to the sheave o acts on the inner
end of the lever p and tends to force this end backwards, that is, in a direction
opposite to the motion of the feed plate. The yoke o is cut away at o8 to allow of
the motion of the nipping lever. It will readily be seen that if the nipping

page_text: lever is moved forwards by the link p¹ the lever p will be slightly twisted and will
nip the lip n of the feed wheel or ring and force it forward to feed, as shown
in Fig. 3. On the return of the link p¹ the spring pt at the same time forces back
the inner end of the lever p consequently it slides freely over the boss n¹. The
backward motion of the feed wheel or ring is prevented by a nipping lever having
a recess fitting loosely on the lip n¹ and having its outer end bearing against the
boss o' by which the yoke o is fixed to the shaft o¹. The lever r is pulled in the
backward direction by the spring r¹. The yoke o is suitably cut away at o¹º to
allow the lever to act.
The countershaft p³ is actuated from an eccentric s on the main shaft i the
eccentric rod s¹ being jointed to one end of a lever pivoted at to the main
frame of the machine. The other end of the lever is formed with a curved
roller race in which works a roller s mounted on one end of a link connected to
an arm p on the countershaft p³. A vibratory movement is thus given to the
shaft p³ and nipping lever. In order to vary the amount of this movement the
link slides freely in a sleeve s pivoted to the head of a screw 58 sliding in a
hollow studs screwing into the frame. A nut 10 fits on the end of the screw
and has a flange staking into a corresponding open mouthed recess 12 in the
stud being inserted into the recess from below. The nut is thus fixed in a
longitudinal direction. The screw is clamped in position after the stitch has been
adjusted by the screw 8¹³.
Having now particularly described ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination with a continuously rotated shuttle, of a central pin
extending from the back of the shuttle, of a thread case or shield or protector
carrying a tension device, and of a means for retaining the thread case
shield or protector stationary on the central pin of the shuttle substantially as
set forth.
or
2. The combination with a continuously rotated shuttle, of a central pin
extending from the back of the shuttle, of a thread case made in two parts
adapted to be secured together, of a cone shaped hollow tube extending from
the back part of the case and adapted to fit on the central pin, and of a means
for retaining the case stationary on the pin, substantially as set forth.
3. The combination with a continuously rotated shuttle, of a central pin
extending from the back of the shuttle, of a thread case made in two parts
adapted to be secured together, of a cone shaped hollow tube extending from
the back part of the case and adapted to fit on the central pin, of a front central
depression formed with two holes and of a means for retaining the case stationary
on the pin, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 4th day of July 1894.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.