IMPROVEMENTS IN SWING GLASS MOVEMENTS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Everard, of Stanwix Bank, in the County of
East Cumberland, Agent, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN SWING
GLASS MOVEMENTS.”
Sealed the 25th July 1879, and dated the 17th April 1879.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Everard at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th April 1879.
JOSEPH EVERARD, of Stanwix Bank, in the County of East Cumberland, Agent.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SWING GLASS MOVEMENTS."
This Invention relates to improvements in swing glass movements or mechanical
swinging joints for affixing to looking glasses or cheval glasses, or mirrors, and
which by the simplest form of adjustment will hold these glasses in any desired
angled position without slipping, which improvements will be found very useful
and prevent the trouble and annoyance hitherto experienced by glasses constantly
swinging to the vertical or plumb position. And the nature and novelty of the
Invention consist in fitting a conical stem into a conical socket piece of brass or
other suitable material, on the top or one side of which socket piece is formed a
screw socket containing a friction or brake bush, which, as the thumb screw or
plug is screwed into the socket, presses firmly against the conical stem, the inner
end of the bush being hollowed out transversely across its point to fit and grasp
the circular surface of the stem. A groove may also be cut round the conical stem,
into which the brake bush would work, so as to prevent the stem from slipping out
of the socket, and so maintain it always in proper swivelling or working position.
The projecting head or outer end of the conical stem is formed with a flange pro-
jecting upwards and downwards so as to be screwed or otherwise secured to the
frame of the glass, and the conical socket is similarly fitted with a flange, by which

page_text: it is screwed to the standard or pillar of the glass, the two pieces being preferably
fitted together and tightened up with the thumb serew before being screwed on to
the glass and pillar as stated, when the screw stem and bush might then be screwed
up to give the desired friction on the swivelling stem in its socket to maintain the
glass in any position it is set to; and when these joint pieces are so tightened up
they will maintain their own efficient working for a long period without requiring
to be further tightened up or interfered with. The essential novelty being the use
of a nice deep conical friction stem and socket, preferably ground, to have a smooth
working bearing surface, and fitting the same with the hand tightening screw plug
and friction or brake bush.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Everard in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th October
1879.
JOSEPH EVERARD, of Stanwix Bank, in the County of East Cumberland, Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SWING GLASS MOVEMENTS."
My said Invention relates to improvements in the construction of swing glass
movements, or mechanical swivelling joints for affixing to the frames of looking
glasses, or cheval glasses, or mirrors, and which, by a very simple form of adjust-
ment, hold the glasses fitted with them in any desired angular position to which
they are set without slipping, which new or improved mirror joints or movements
will be found more lasting and perfect in their action than, and most useful in pre-
venting the trouble and annoyance attendant on the movements of glasses heretofore
constantly swinging to the vertical position by their own weight.
And in order that the nature, novelty, and mode of performing my said Invention
may be properly understood, I shall now proceed to describe the several Figures on
the Sheet of Drawings which I have hereunto appended for that purpose, the like
reference letters indicating the same or equivalent parts in the different Figures.
Figures 1 and 2 are a back and end elevation of a swing mirror C, C¹, and stand
C¹¹, C, with the glass frame C¹, as set vertical, and at an angle respectively, and
shown as fitted with one modification or construction of my new or improved joint
movements therefor, the same as that shown in corresponding side and edge eleva-
tion to the full size in Figures 3 and 4, with a thumb screw 6', for tightening up
the joint, and shown in horizontal section in Figures 5, to show the construction of
the parts more clearly.
Figures 6 and 7 show a side elevation and plan of a modification of my new joint
movement for swing mirrors, the same as that shown in Figures 1 to 5, except that
it is fitted with a hexagonal headed pinching screw b¹, 6%, for being tightened up
by a small key D, shown in Figure 8, instead of the thumb screw 6', shown in the
said former Figures 1 to 5.
Referring to these Figures 1 to 7, the nature, novelty, and mode of performing or
putting my said Invention into effect or practice consist as follows:-Each new or
improved joint piece or movement consists of a conical or tapered stem or plug A
fitted into a corresponding hollow conical socket piece B, both preferably made of
brass or other suitable metal or material, on the top or one side of which socket
piece B is formed a bush screw socket 6 fitted with a screw plug b¹, and containing
a friction or brake bush 6 below the latter, which, as this thumb screw or plug b¹
is screwed tight into its socket b, presses the bush 61 firmly against the main
conical stem or plug A, the inner end or face of the bush 6" being hollowed out
transversely across to fit and grip the conical circular surface of the stem A, the
bushes 611 by preference being made of soft metal or leather or other equivalent
which would cause friction on the plug A. The projecting head or outer end A' of
the conical stem or plug A is formed with a broad flat flange A projecting or
extending upwards and downwards, so as to be secured by screws (or other equiva-
lent) to the back edges on each side of the frame C¹ of the glass C. The conical
socket B is similarly formed with a flat faced flange B*, by which it is screwed to
the back side of the two standards or pillars C of the glass, the two pieces being
preferably fitted together and tightened up with the thumb screw 6" before being
screwed on to the glass frame and pillars C, C, as stated; one joint movement A, B,
is fitted at each side near the centre of gravity of the glass, all as shown applied in
Figures 1 and 2, and of the same construction as that shown full size in Figures 3
to 5. The tightening screw plug b¹ and bush 611 may then or at any time be
screwed up to give the desired friction or brake action on the tapered swivelling
stem or plug A in its socket B to maintain the glass C, C¹, in any position or angle
it is set to. These joint pieces A, B, are so efficient in their action that when they

page_text: are so tightened up they will remain so for a long period without requiring to be
touched or tightened up, but when this is required it is easily effected at
any time
by the slight turn of the thumb screw b¹ or by the hand screw key D before
referred to.
For the better class of joints I prefer to fit a small screw a in the plug A made
to work in a small slot a¹ formed in the back of the tapered barrel B and sole B²,
and close up against the side next the wide end, as particularly shown in Figure 5,
so as to retain the plug A in its barrel B, and at the same time prevent the plug A
and glass C from swivelling more than to the angle desired, as, say, 45° forwards or
backwards. But other simpler modes of so retaining the plug A in its barrel B
may be adopted. Thus, when desired, a small groove may also be cut round the
conical stem A, into which the brake bush 6" would work, and by this simple
means prevent the stem A from slipping out of the socket B, thus maintaining the
two parts in proper swivelling or working position; or otherwise the plugs A might
be secured by a washer and screw, or barbed or turned over at the outer small end
as the simpler forms of cocks or taps are. Figures 9 and 10 are respectively a
front and side elevation of a modification of my new or improved swivel joint for
mirrors of a somewhat different construction from that described and shown in the
former arrangement and Figures, and consists of a vertical arrangement with a
single joint or conical plug A and socket B for carrying small oval or other mirrors
by the lower central edge of their frame. In this case the conical plug A and
socket B are ranged with their axes horizontally and longitudinally by screwing
the flange B² down transversely to the centre of the sole or base C of the glass
with a forked stem E, E', secured to and projecting up from the ends A" of the
conical plug A, and having a broad segmental flange E³ fitted to swivel on the
upper end E of this stem E and secured by screws to the lower central curved
edge of the glass frame indicated by the dotted line at C, and as seen in Figure 9,
so as to oscillate to any angle backwards or forwards, as indicated by the dotted
lines 2, 21, in Figure 10. The screw socket and plug b, b1, b2, with tightening
bush b is in this case fitted vertically on the socket B in the space between the
forked arm E, E, this being secured by squares on the outer ends of the plug A
with screws A¹¹, so that the glass in this case swivels backwards and forwards to
any angle on the plug A, as indicated by the dotted lines 2, 21, the tightening
plug b² securing in any position by the stiff friction of the bush 61, while the glass
also turns or swivels to either side laterally on the swivelling joint E" at the head
of the stem E, E¹.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I have to state that I do not confine myself to the precise
details herein described or delineated, but what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is, the construction and use of swivelling joint movements
for mirror frames with conical friction stem or plug A and socket B (preferably
ground together), and formed and fitted with the screwed socket and tightening
screw plug b, b', and friction or brake bush 6, substantially as herein described in
reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings, or any mere modification
thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Everard, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Third day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand