Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 20th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 23rd Nov., 1888
PROSPER HANREZ of 37 Ruo Philippe le Bon Brussels in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention consists first in the general arrangement of sectional boilers having
groups of tubes heated externally, strongly inclined and divided by transverse
partitions placed horizontally or a little inclined, so that the lower part of the tubes
receives the direct action of the fire. Second, in the arrangement of masonry for the
boiler. Third, in a method of cutting the upper end of the tubes in order to assist
the water circulation against the superheated surfaces. Fourth, in the arrangement.
of a certain number of steam domes from one to another of which the steam travels
for the purpose of separating it from its contained water to which end they are made
to descend to or about to the water level of the boilor.
First. The general arrangement consists in constructing a sectional boiler with a
group of water tubes inclined to the horizon at an angle of more than 45° or nearly
vertical, but not quite so and being heated externally. The group is divided by
partitions or baffle plates into two or more but preferably into three chambers, the
lower one of which receives the direct action of the fire and the next the gases
cooled by the first chamber passing across the group of tubes in such a way that the
upper part of the tubes may be filled with steam only without danger. The lower
end of the tubes are fixed into boxes joined up in any suitable way or into a receiver
which holds all the ends. These boxes or the receiver are or is connected by suitable
joints to a single collector communicating by a vertical tube with a steam and water
reservoir, which communicates on the other side with a receiver or system of boxes
similar to those above indicated but in which are fixed the upper ends of the tubes of
the groups. Thus the group with its upper and lower collectors, the steam reservoir
and also, if desired, a water reservoir below for receiving the deposits, the vertical
tube connecting the upper and lower parts form together connected vessels in which in
which the heating and evaporation will produce a circulation of water or a continuous

page_text: renewal of water in contact with heated surfaces in such a manner that the hottest
parts continually receive the water to be evaporated and the coolest parts contain
most steam mixed with water. Moreover the inclination of the tubes allows the steam
to escape easily, the steam draws no water with it and therefore does not tend to
empty the tubes, and the surfaces in contact with the fire are always well in contact
with the water. The pipe connecting the upper collector with the reservoir of the
water and steam may deliver into the water at the lower part of the reservoir or into
the steam in the upper part.
Secondly. The arrangements of masonry are such that the parts to be inspected lic
in front and behind, and there is no entrance at the sides so that the boilers can be
grouped in any desired number without interfering with the accessibility of the tubes
for inspection throughout their entire length and also in the arrangement of furnace
placed in front of the tubes and surrounded by an arch constructed in a substantial
manner at first and at a sufficient height above the fire grate.
Thirdly. In regard to the upper tube box..
In order to ensure the escape of steam into the upper collector with the greatest
facility without the liberation of steam bubbles at the end of the tubes contrary to the
descent of the water into the collector along the internal surfaces; and thus in some
measure to render possible a water circulation, and at the same time without
re-connecting the steam reservoir to the lower collector by a special pipe, I cut
or form the top of the tubes obliquely or with a bevel so that the steam escapes
against the upper surface of the steam collector, and the lower surface is only in
contact with the water. In this case the steam from the tubes liberates itself in
the bottom of the upper reservoir of steam and water and the vertical pipe which
connects the upper and lower parts of the generator may be dispensed with the
circulation in the tubes being due only to the evaporation.
Fourthly. In regard to the multiple steam domes and the separating arrangement:
The steam which during its generation is charged with water arrives in or under a
first dome open at its base and communicating by a strong pipe with a second dome,
surmounted by the steam pipe and terminating at its base in a large funnel or bell
month, or a pipe whose lower end is immersed in the water of the reservoir. The
pipe connecting the two domes passes from the top to the base of the second and
extends a little into its exterior. By this arrangement the steam from the first dome,
if it is charged with water on entering the second dome projects this water towards
the bottom of the funnel where it is mixed with the water of the reservoir which
retains it, whilst the steam being separated from the water escapes alone to the steam
pipe.
This arrangement is applicable to all kinds of generators. More than two domes
may be used if necessary in succession each being made like the second described
above and communicating successively one with the other.
Datad this 52-1 1...
Dannahan 1007
By J. C. CHAPMAN,
70, Chancery Lane, W.C.,
Patent Agent.

page_text: I PROSPER HANREZ, of 37 Rue Philippe le Bon, Brussels in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
My invention consists firstly in the general arrangement of sectional boilers having.
groups of tubes heated externally, strongly inclined and divided by transverse partitions
placed horizontally or a little inclined so that the lower part of the tubes receives tho
direct action of the fire; secondly in the arrangement of masonry for the boiler;
thirdly in a method of cutting the upper end of the tubes in order to assist the water
circulation against the superheated surfaces; fourthly in the arrangement of a certain
number of steam domes from one to another of which the steam travels for the
purpose of separating it from its contained water.
The boiler illustrated in figures 1 and 2 is composed of two receivers or boxes CC
of sheet iron, pierced with holes opposite to each other and receiving at one side the
ends of the tubes T and at the other side self closing plugs or covers.
The upper
receiver C communicates by the pipe D with the front of the steam reservoir E which
is made of the shape of a T in plan as shown in figures 1 and 2, whilst the bottom of
this reservoir at the back communicates with the lower receiver C¹ either by one
tube F figure 2, or by two tubes F F' figures 3 and 4. The reservoir E is
surmounted by two domes G G' communicating with each other by the large pipe H.
The dome G is open at its lower part while the dome G¹ is closed at its lower part by
the funnel I the lower end of which is carried below the normal working level of the
water in reservoir E, and the steam pipe is placed on the top of dome G. From this
arrangement it follows that water conveyed by and with the steam out of the receivers
or tubes is first separated therefrom as it enters into the reservoir E because it is
projected right in front of it, whilst the steam in order to escape from the boiler is
obliged to direct itself towards the top of dome G and pipe H; then any water which
still remains mixed with the steam is bound to be separated in dome GI because it is
projected down towards the bottom of the funnel while the steam escapes by the
steam pipe. A blow out tap at P serves to clean the reservoir. The furnace J is
surmounted by an arch K. The flame and gases must pass between the receiver (
and a partition formed of plates placed on collars made in one or two pieces clasped
on the tubes. The plates, which are introduced between the tubes in an upright
position and then laid down on the collars are formed as represented in figures 5, 6, 7
and 8.
They are shaped to fit the tubes and have flanges preventing the passage of gases
through then. The second arch K' and the second partition L' then compel the
flame to traverse the second section of the length of tubes to be able at last to
traverse the third section and finally enter the flue M which leads to the chimney.
The upper receiver C attached to the reservoir E is supported by the metal frame

page_text: work of the furnace. The whole group of tubes is suspended and free to expand,
and the lower receiver is supported on the support S which in no way impedes
the expansion of the tubes. Doors R R R perimit inspection and cleaning of the
tubos.
For receivers or boxes CC¹ may be substituted sectional boxes joined one to the
other as in many types of sectional boilers, and figure 10 shows one such arrangement.
The pipes F for returning water to the lower receiver or to the lower boxes U¹ may
be dispensed with by adopting the arrangement shown in figures 9 and 11, in which
the tubes are prolonged a little into the upper receiver C and have their ends cut on
the bevel as is shown in figure 12 in order that the steam which rises along the side u
of the pipes may free itself at the top without counteracting the course of water along
the side v,
thus circulation also takes place in the tubes themselves.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declaro that what I
claim is :-
1. A sectional boiler constructed and arranged with the tubes nearly vertical and
with partitions nearly horizontal formed of pieces reposing on the tubes and dividing
their length into three sections as described.
2. The arrangement of masonry to suit the construction of boiler above described.
3. The arrangement of two domes joined by a pipe and of which the second
carrying the steam pipe is closed at its lower part by a funnel descending lower than
the normal water level of the steam reservoir with the object of separating the steam
from the water which it contains as described.
4. The particular form of the upper end of tubes illustrated in figures 9, 11 and 12
with a view to facilitating the circulation of water in their interiors.
Dated instay of October 1000.
J. C. CHAPMAN, Fel. Inst. Patent Agents,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agent for Applicant.