IMPROVEMENTS IN FRYING-PANS OR UTENSILS FOR COOKING BY PROVISIONAL SP
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederic Pelham Warren, of East Court, Cosham, in
the County of Hants, Commander in the Royal Nayy, for the Invention'
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FRYING-PANS OR UTENSILS FOR COOKING BY
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederic Pelham Warren
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th March 1866.
I, FREDERIC PELHAM WARREN, of East Court, Cosham, in the County of
Hants, Commander in the Royal Navy, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FRYING-PANS OR UTENSILS FOR COOKING
BY FRYING," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is improvements in frying-pans or utensils for
cooking by frying, and it consists in forming the bottoms or cooking surfaces of
such pans or utensils with corrugations, or otherwise, in such manner as to form
therein grooves, depressions, or channels communicating with each other either
by a groove, depression, or channel surrounding the whole, and communicating
with each of the other grooves, depressions, or channels, or by means of
transverse grooves, depressions, channels, or in such other manner as may be
convenient. Frying-pans or utensils having bottoms formed as described,
Price 8d.1

page_text: may either be made to be used in the manner of an ordinary open frying-pan,
or otherwise may consist of two pans hinged to and fitting each other, or
capable of being otherwise attached and held together, so that the fish or
other food to be cooked may be placed between, and the double pan turned
over upon the fire, so as to cook its contents at either side as required. It will
be found that in addition to presenting a larger amount of surface to the
action of the fire than is presented by the ordinary flat pan, pans constructed
with corrugations, grooves, depressions, or channels, as described, will by the
action of any grease or fluid entering the grooves or channels tend to prevent
the adhesion of the fish or other food to the pan, and will at the same time
enable it to be more equally and rapidly cooked than in cases where the
ordinary flat bottomed pan is employed. Pans constructed with corrugated
bottoms, whereby the surface is increased as described, may also be advan-
tageously used for cooking with water, and for other purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
.
.. by the said Frederic Pelham Warren in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 20th September 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERIC
COME, I, FREDERIC
PELHAM WARREN, of East Court, Cosham, in the County of Hants, Com-
mander in the Royal Navy, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letter's
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Frederic Pelham Warren, Her special licence that. I, the said Frederic
Pelham Warren, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I; the said Frederic Pelham Warren, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FRYING-PANS OR UTENSILS FOR COOKING BY FRYING," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be

page_text: performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said'
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
"M
The object of this Invention is improvements in frying-pans or utensils for
cooking by frying, and it consists in forming the bottoms or cooking surfaces
of such pans or utensils with corrugations, or otherwise, in such manner as to
form therein grooves, depressions, or channels communicating with each other
either by a groove, depression, or channel surrounding the whole, and communi-
cating with each of the other grooves, depressions, or channels, or by means of
transverse grooves, depressions, channels, or in such other 'manner as may be
convenient. Frying-pans or utensils having 'bottoms formed as described 'may
either be made to be used in the manner of an ordinary open frying-pan,"of
otherwise may consist of two pans hinged to and fitting each other, or capable
of being otherwise attached and held together, so that the fish or other - food
to be cooked may be placed between, and the double pan turned over upon
the fire, so as to cook its contents at either side as required. It will be found
that in addition to presenting a larger amount of surface to the action of the
fire than is presented by the ordinary flat pan, pans constructed "with cor-
rugations, grooves, depressions, or channels as described, will by the action" of
any grease or fluid entering the grooves or channels tend to prevent the
adhesion of the fish or other food to the pan, and will at the same time enable
it to be more equally and rapidly cooked than in cases where the ordinary
flat bottomed pan is employed. Pans constructed with corrugated bottoms,
whereby the surface is increased as described, may also be advantageously
used for cooking with water, and for other purposes.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying Sheet of Drawings represents "a" vertical 'sec
'section
of a frying-pan formed according to my said Invention, and Fig. 2 a plan of
the same.
int.
The pan a, which in this case is single, having only one cooking "Surface,
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as is the case with ordinary frying-pans, is formed with channels b com
municating with each other by means of the circular channel (as shewn at
Fig. 2), thus presenting a much smaller amount of surface to the fish or other
food to be cooked than is presented by the flat surface of an ordinary fraying-
pan, thus greatly lessening its chance of adhesion to the pan, while at the
b'effects
same time the boiling of the heated grease contained in the channels

page_text: its cooking.in the most thorough and equable manner without any danger of
burning, although the extent of surface presented to the.action of the fire is
considerably greater in this case than where the ordinary flat surface only is
employed.
⚫ Fig. 3 represents a double pan, the outer one a being shown in section, and
the other (a) fitting into the pan a being represented in elevation; Fig. 4 is
a plan of the foregoing. The pans are formed with channels b communicating
with a channel b', as described with reference to the previous figures. The
two pans a and at each provided with a handle d are hinged together at e, the
pan a fitting into the pan a as shown. In use the two pans are opened or
divided by means of their hinge, and the food to be cooked is introduced
between them. They are then closed (as shown at Fig. 3), and the food is
cooked by placing the combined pan upon the fire and turning it over, so as
to cook at either one or the other of the two sides as required.
Figs. 5 and 6: represent an arrangement of double pan differing somewhat
from the foregoing, as in this case the two pans instead of being hinged
together are each formed with a separate handle, and are taken apart for the
purpose. of introducing the food between them as required. In this case
also transverse as well as longitudinal channels b communicating with "the
channel blare employed.
Fig. 7-represents a vertical section of a double pan having the channels b
made angular in section, as shown, the two pans being hinged together at e at
the side opposite to the handles, instead of being so hinged at the same side
as that at which the handles are placed, as in Figs. 3 and 4.
Fig. 8 represents a plan of a double pan also having the channels made
angular in section; as in Fig. 7, but in which the hinge e connecting the two
pans. together is placed at right angles to the direction of the handles,
as shown.....
Fig. 9 represents a pan constructed with a corrugated or channelled
bottom, and intended to be used for cooking with water, or other purposes,
as required.
.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same may be conveniently performed, I
would have it understood that I do not confine or limit myself to the precise
forms or details represented, so long as the distinctive features of my Inven-
tion are maintained; but that I claim,-
Firstly, the construction of frying-pans, or utensils for cooking by frying,
with channelled or corrugated bottoms, substantially as described.
Secondly the construction of such vessels in the double form, so as to

page_text: admit of being turned over, and thus to cook from either side, substantially as
described.
Thirdly, the construction of utensils or vessels for cooking with channelled
or corrugated bottoms, or under surfaces, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
FREDERIC PELHAM WARREN. (L.S.)