An Improved Machine for Cutting Plate-iron, Flat, Round, Square, and Angle Iron, in Combination with Punching Apparatus, and an Arrangement for Jumping-up Tyres.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 13th May, 1896-Accepted, 29th Aug., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Machine for Cutting Plate-iron, Flat, Round, Square,
and Angle Iron, in Combination with Punching Apparatus, and
an Arrangement for Jumping-up Tyres.
I, EDUARD BAUER, of 18, Dolderstrasse, Zurich, in the Republic of Switzerland,
Locksmith, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to he particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, and accompanying drawing, that is to say :-
This invention relates to an improved machine, by which it is possible to cut or
shear plate- as well as flat-, round-, square-, and angle-iron of considerable size,
by making use of a starting-lever and by means of a step-wedge serving for the
purpose of transmitting the requisite power and being automatically inserted at
the right time and to the desired extent, whereby the hitherto usual change of the
knives or shears for cutting objects of various size, is completely dispensed with;
the invention further relates to a punch, and to an arrangement for jumping tyre-
iron, which contrivances are likewise suitably arranged upon the same frame and
worked by means of one and the same starting lever. If desired, all three
contrivances can be set to work simultaneously.
In the accompanying drawing which is in illustration of my invention,
Figure 1 represents a side view of the machine; Figure 2 a front view of the
same;
Figure 3 is a vertical section along the line x-x of Figure 1;
Figure 4 is a top view of the machine.
The machine is contained in a frame A, which is similarly constructed to those
for ordinary lever shears for cutting metal and the like. A slide a has its bearings
in this frame and is free to move to and fro. It is provided with various knives b¹,
the shape of which corresponds to that of the iron to be cut. These knives b¹ are
placed opposite the knives b, the latter being screwed to the frame A, so that
the edges of the knives b meet those of the knives b', (see Figures 1 and 3).
Two covering pieces or plates c and c' are attached by means of screws to the
frame A and serve as guides for the slide a; one of the pieces c', is provided with
a projection c extending over the said slide in its centre part, and carrying a set-
screw c, which resists the counter-pressure of the plate or bar, which is bent
upward whilst being cut. The piece c' also serves at its upper part as a second
bearing for the pivot e of the lever d, and for this purpose it is preferably made
of wrought iron, in order to obtain a greater durability of this part of the
machine.
The lever d, which for the same reason is also made of wrought iron, constitutes,
by means of its connecting links h°, the real power-transmitting device of the
operating lever h, for working the shears or knives and slide a.
The slide a hangs on the lever d by means of two hook-like catches g connected
to each other and engaging with the pin do in the lever d. These catches are held
in position by a spring f, aud being capable of turning round pins a¹ on the slide a,
they can by means of the handle g₁ be at will engaged with or disengaged from the
lever d.
Near the pin e, round which the lever d turns freely, an interpolated piece i is
fitted into a semi-circular recess in the slide a, being provided with two guides ¿¹
in order to prevent it from slipping out of place. Into this piece i, a second

page_text: piece is inserted, which being provided with a counter weight is free to
turn round on a pin and rests also in a semi-circular recess in the piece i.
As may be seen in the Figures 1 and 3 a wedge k having three steps is fitted
below the lever d between two guiding brackets k', the lower edges of which are
bent in at right angles to the lever, to which they are screwed. Inside this wedge
is a pin k³ of considerable length (see Figures 2 and 4), which being bent at one of
its ends, projects like a handle below the lever d. This pin k³ is arranged so that
it can be moved to and fro and being guided by a device attached to the lever d,
is loosely screwed into the wedge k. A helical spring f¹ is coiled upon this pin k
and extends between the step-wedge k and a bracket upon the guiding device k², in
such manner, that the step-wedge is automatically engaged as soon as the bent
part of the pin is lifted from a notch in the guiding device k².
This power-transmitting arrangement is provided for the purpose of being
enabled to cut or shear iron of considerable size, not too large to lie in the space
between the knives 6 and 1, the length of the stroke of the slide a, and the
necessary power required being too great to be transmitted by means of the
links g.
As soon as the slide a, or rather the cutting knife, touches the iron which is to
be cut, these links g are thrown backward out of gear, by means of their handles g',
and the pin 3 is then lifted out of the notch ko; the step-wedge k being thus caused
to move backward by the action of the spring 1 until it strikes against the
piece, which is placed directly below the lever d, when the slide a or rather the
levers h and d are at their highest position.
After the first stroke of the lever is completed to the utmost, a direct pressure
of the lever d upon the piece being thus caused, the first step of wedge k
automatically enters the space between the lever d and the piece, moving until
the second step of the said wedge strikes against this piece, so that the lever / may
be immediately lifted again and a second stroke or pressure may be obtained at
once. With each lifting of the lever / therefore, another step of the wedge k enters
the space between the lever d and the piece, the height of each step corresponding
exactly with the length of the said space and the latter also corresponding with
the complete lifting of the lever h. As soon now as the iron being operated upon is
sheared after the first or after the second stroke, or sometimes not until the completion
of the third or fourth stroke, the slide a of course, not being in connection with the
lever d, whilst this working of the power-transmitting devices is going on, will
drop down as far as the space allows, and until the projections aº upon the slide a,
inside its covering pieces c and e', strike against projections formed upon the
frame A. During the time occupied by this dropping of the slide, the levers h
and d too must have reached their lowest position so rendering it possible to hang
the slide a by means of its links upon the lever d, and for lifting again this lever
to its highest position, disengaging and drawing back at the same time the step-
wedge and the pushing forward and shearing of the iron, which is being cut, is
then commenced afresh.
By making use of this arrangement there will be no loss of time, only about three
Beconds being required.
Whilst the lever d is moved downward, and the shearing of the iron takes place
by means of the power-transmitting step-wedge k, the piece i, from its semi-circular
shape, and in consequence of the lever d being turned about its centre e, will be
rotated through a small angle from the right to the left, whilst on the other hand,
the piece 2, owing to the shape of the lever d pressing on it, will be rotated from
the left to the right, until the lever d is again lifted and the piece i is caused by the
spring foto move backward to its original upright position, and the piece is also
caused by the action of its counter-weight, to move back until its surface takes a
parallel position to that of the lever d.
In order to be able to uniformly cut or shear iron or other metal into pieces of
qual length, an iron adjustable stop 7 is preferably arranged in the frame of the
machine, traversing it entirely with its spindle l', being so arranged, that it may be

page_text: adjusted for all knives in use, and so that it may be fixed by means of a set-
screw 1°.
Directly below the pivot of the lever h and arranged in the same frame as the
shearing contrivance, a punching device is inclu led, working in a sufficiently large
recess in the front part of the frame. An adjustable die carrier m, which may be
moved backward and forward and fixed by means of screws m', is inserted in the
bottom of this recess. One side of this die carrier is provided with perforations at
the same distance apart as the holes at its upper surface which serve for punching
purposes. Into the said perforations a pin is inserted, which also passes through
a hole in the frame A. This arrangement is made use of for saving as much time
as possible, the recesses of the die carrier being thus caused to be exactly adjusted
for the corresponding punches. Preliminary trials, which have hitherto been
necessary for this adjustment, are therefore entirely dispensed with, and the
punching can proceed without loss of time. In each hole of the die carrier ma
special dovetailed steel plate or die is fitted, so that in case one of these plates
be injured by a punch, it is not necessary to change the whole die carrier.
Corresponding to each of these different sized holes in the dies, punches n of
cylindrical shape are provided, each punch having its special plunger o, and all
these plungers fitting into a suitable corresponding groove on the frame A. The
plunger carrying the punch appropriate to the die to be used is selected, and fitted
in the groove. Each plunger o of the punches can be attached by means of its
At the same
pin of to a downwardly elongated projection of the excentric-ring p.
level as the upper end of the punch, a lateral aperture is made through the
plunger o, for the purpose of facilitating the reinoval of punches, broken or damaged
during work.
Two pins o² and o, the flat sides of which fit on one side of the plunger o, serving
as guides for the latter, are only removed when the change of the said plunger
becomes necessary for inserting a larger or smaller punch. The plunger is then
taken out of its guide, at the same time disengaging its pin o' from the excentric-
ring p, and another plunger provided beforehand with the required punch may be
inserted into the guide by engaging its pin with the excentric-ring p, the pins o³
and o being then again put in their respective places so that the machine may again
be ready for use, and loss of time be reduced to a minimum.
The lever hand excentric q are made in one piece, the excentricity of the latter
corresponding with the whole lifting stroke of the former, so that at each such
stroke the punch is lifted to the necessary height.
This arrangement is of great value, because punching large holes in comparatively
thick material is rendered possible by it.
The ring p, which embraces the excentric q causes the plunger o to be drawn
upward, as soon as the lever is raised, and the punched object still hanging to
the punch nis caused to drop, when it strikes against the projecting pieces n', which
are adjustably screwed to the frame A.
The improved machine is also provided in its frame A with an arrangement by
which a smith is enabled to jump up, or shorten, tyres, as may be seen in Figures 1, 2,
and 4. If desired this arrangement can however be dispensed with, as shewn in
Figure 3, without rendering it necessary to alter any of the other contrivances
already above described.
Behind the covering piece c¹ a strong iron block r forms part of the frame A;
and into this block is inserted, and screwed or bolted, a rail s which, taking an
oblique direction to the outside of the machine is slightly curved upward, whilst a
second rail s parallel to the first (see Figure 4) is attached to the frame A at the
same level; between and upon these rails a second block is arranged free to slide
backward and forward. An axle t, square in cross-section, and having cylindrical
bearings, turns in the rails s and s' and in an ear or lug A', the latter forming part
of the frame A. Upon this axle t are mounted two levers t' and t, one of which ',
is jointed to the link t, whilst the other t is arranged to fit inside a space in the
block. The link is provided at its outer end with three teeth and a bent

page_text: guide to, the latter being screwed to the back of the rack. The back extremity of
the lever d first described is formed in the shape of a projecting nose d' fitting
into the teeth of the rack to. Two side plates d' attached to this nose d' serve as
a guiding device to the rack, that is to say, they prevent the rack from slipping
down at the sides of the nose. At the ends of these side plates holes are provided,
into which a pin d³ (see Figure 4) may he inserted, between the rack and the
bent guide to, thus disconnecting them from the nose d¹, when the rack is not being
used.
Above cach of the blocks r and r, an arrangement is provided for jumping-up
tyre-iron, suitable for any thickness of various tyres. This contrivance is constructed
in such a manner, that a heated tyre may easily be brought between the toothed
pieces inserted in the blocks r and r, and the two claws u and u¹ (see Figures 1
and 2) (the two hooks-as shewn by being supposed to be disengaged)-it is
thus possible to hold the tyre fast by working the handles 2; simultaneously with
this working the hooks vand v¹, which prevent the stationary axles w from being
bent upward by the pressure are turned out of their vertical position (shewn at
hook ) by means of pins us arranged on the claws, and in consequence the said
hooks (as shewn with hook v) fall over and automatically engage with the pins 2.
As soon as the tyre-iron is thus firmly held, and without any loss of time, the
rack-lever 3 begins to work (for which purpose it is only necessary to remove the
fastening pin d³), the tyre thus undergoes the jumping-up process by working
the starting-lever h, whereby the nose d of the lever d is caused to rise and to
raise the rack 3 and lever t¹. In consequence, the axle t is caused to rotate and
the lever t engaging the moveable block 1 moves the latter in the direction of
the stationary block so far as is necessary for the required jumping-up or shortening
of the tyre, for which purpose the levers h and d may again be lifted and the nose d¹
be caused to engage the next tooth t.
After the tyre-iron has been sufficiently jumped-up, it is simply removed by
reversing the claws u and u', and by disengaging the hooks v and in such a
manner, that their pins u strike against the stationary pins w¹, and the block
may then be pushed into its original position by pressing down the rack-lever 3-
which is now disengaged from the nose d¹.
As a further advantage of the improved machine may be mentioned the fact, that
in case it be desirable to work only one of the various contrivances contained in it,
the other devices may be disengaged at will from the starting lever in a very simple
way, without unscrewing any of them, thus no loss of time will occur, and the
contrivances not used will not get uselessly worn out. If for instance, only the
punch is to be worked, the slide a and rack-lever t³ may be disengaged in the manner
already described, whereby therefore only the lever d will be caused to work,―or
this lever itself may in this case be disengaged from the lever h, by removing the
bolt and the connecting parts h, so that only the punch and its special accessories
are caused to work.
If it be desired to work only the slcars, the punch plunger o and the rack-lever t
may be disengaged. In case only the contrivance for jumping-up tyrc-iron is worked,
the slide a and plunger o are to be disengaged in the way already indicated.
Finally, it is worth mentioning, that it is not absolutely necessary to disengage
any part of the machine even if only one of the various contrivances is being
worked, and that it is possible to simultaneously work all the different parts of the
machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
claim is :-
1. A machine, characterized by the arrangement on a suitable frame A of a
starting lever h, by means of which in the first place, a punch may be worked
through the excentric q-in combination with a lever d connected with the shearing
devices by means of hook-catches 9 and a step-wedge, the latter engaging

page_text: automatically the said devices-and further in combination with a special jumping-up
contrivance by means of levers t' and t', by which arrangement all three contrivances
(viz. punching, shearing, and jumping-up devices) may be worked simultaneously or
separately, as may be desired, substantially as described an illustrated.
2. In the machine described in the first claim, the method, in order to render a
speedy change of the punch plungers o possible, of connecting the said plunger to
a prolongation of the excentric-ring p, by a pin o', which can be easily inserted and
removed, in combination with moveable guiding pins o³, o³, whilst the die carrier m
is adjustable according to the particular punch used, by means of a pin mo,
substantially as described and illustrated.
3. In the machine described in the first claim, for the purpose of varying the
stroke and power of the apparatus, the combination of the catch hooks 9 disengaged
by turning them off their pins do, the pin which can be moved in and out of the
recess ko, and the step-wedge k, automatically pushed by the action of the spring f¹
into the space between the lever d and the inserted or interposed pieces i and i²,
substantially as described and illustrated.
4. In the machine described in the first claim, for the purpose of rapidly
jumping-up a hot tyre, the combination of the hooks v, v, upon the axles w, which
carry the fixing claws u, u, actuated by the handles u², pins u upon which strike
against and throw over the hooks u, v, causing them to automatically engage with
the pins 2, substantially as described and illustrated.
D
this 10th day of May 1896
EDWARDS & Co.,
65 and 66, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.