AN IMPROVE- MENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COOKING APPARATUS
Year: 1826

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BELLINGHAM, of Norfolk Street, in the Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Eighteenth day of April, in the seventh year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Bellingham, His especial licence that I, the said John Bellingham, my
exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Bellingham, my
exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, and
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVE-
MENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COOKING APPARATUS;" in which
said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said John
Bellingham, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly
to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be enrolled in His
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar months next and.
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and
by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
J

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Bellingham, do hereby declare that my said Invention of an improve-
ment or improvements in the construction of cooking apparatus is described
and ascertained in and by the Drawing hereunto annexed, and by the following
description thereof, that is to say:―
Figure 1 represents an elevation of a complete cooking apparatus con-
structed according to my said Invention; Figure 2 represents a section of the
said cooking apparatus parallel to Figure 1, to shew the interior; and
Figure 3 a section taken across the length of the apparatus; Figure 4 is a
horizontal section of part of the apparatus; the dotted lines shew where the
sections in Figures 2 and 3 cut this section. The same letters of reference are
used to denote the same parts in all the Figures. A, Figures 2 and 3, is the
fire grate, whereon the fire is made. The space for the fire-place is included
between the side of the roaster or oven B at one side, and an iron plate C on
the opposite side. The front end of the fire-place is closed by an iron front
plate T, Figure 1, in which is an opening closed by the fire door D in front.
The back or far end of the fire-place is bounded by the front of the lower
part of the boiler E, and a square trunk F, which proceeds horizontally from
the lower part of that boiler, extends across all the breadth of the apparatus to
reach the front plate T, so as to expose that part F of the boiler to the action
of the fire in order to boil the water therein and produce steam therefrom.
The fire-place is covered over at top by the iron plato G, which becomes so
hot by the direct action of the fire beneath it as to be capable of boiling the
contents of any cooking vessels which may be placed upon it. The plate G
has an opening in it at g, Figure 2, into which a cover plate is fitted, which
cover may be removed, if necessary, to give access to the interior of the
apparatus in the nature of a man-hole. The flame-heated vapour and smoke,
proceeding from the burning fuel on the grate A, passes out froin the fire-place
at either or at both sides, as is shown by the arrows in Figure 2; namely, at
onc side part of the said flame-heated vapour and smoke passes over the top
edge of the plate C and beneath the trunk F of the boiler, so as to give heat
to the water contained therein, and then the said flame-heated vapour and
smoke rises up on the other side of the trunk F, passing between that side
and the upper part of the upright side of the oven H, and passing over the top
of the said oven gives heat thereto, and also to the hot plates I, K, and L,
which form a continuation of the surface of the hot plate G before mentioned.
The plate L is placed over the trunk F of the boiler, and derives heat there-
from; after thus passing over the oven H and under the hot plates I, K, L,
the heated vapour and smoke descends at the further side of the said oven II,

page_text: and escapes through the aperture of a register or sliding damper h into the
space or cavity M. Another part of the flame-heated vapour and smoke, pro-
ceeding from the fire on the fire grate A, passes over the top of the roaster or
oven B, beneath the hot plates N, O, and P, which form a continuation of the
surface of the other hot plates G, L, I, and K, before mentioned; having
thus communicated heat to the top parts of the roaster and to the said
plates, the flame-heated vapour and smoke descend against the upright side of
the roaster B, between that side and tho upright plate Q, which is shown in
Figure 2, and then passes beneath the roaster B to heat the lower part thereof,
and continue to pass forwards beneath the plate R, which forms the bottom of
the ash-pit, and also beneath the bottom of the oven II; and then rising up a
little, the heated vapour and smoko escapes through the aperture of of a
register or sliding damper k, similar to that at h before mentioned, and imme-
diately beneath the same. The sliders of the two dampers hand & come out
through the front plate S of the apparatus, as seen in Figure 1, so that either
slider can be drawn out horizontally to open more or less passage for the smoke,
and thus regulate the force of the draught or current of air through the fire
at A, so as to cause the same to burn more or less intensely; or when both the
dampers h and k are pushed in and the passages shut (the fire door D and
ash-pit door V being also shut), the air is so excluded from the fire that it.
soon becomes extinguished; if only the damper h is opened (the other damper
k being shut), then the draft or current of flame-heated vapour and smoke,
being drawn only one way from the fire at A, will heat the boiler and the oven
at H and the hot plates G, L, I, and K, without giving much heat to the
roaster B; or if the damper k is opened (the other damper h being shut, then
the draft will be taken from the other side of the fire so as to heat the roaster
B and the hot plates N, O, P, without communicating much heat to the
oven H. Z, Figure 2, is a partition, which prevents the two currents from
uniting until they have passed into the space M; V, Figure 1, is the door
which closes up the opening into the ash-pit or space beneath the fire-place;
W is the door of the oven; and X, the door of the roaster, having a small
register in it to admit air. The back of the roaster is perforated with two
holes, as shewn at n, n, Figure 2 (behind the section), to cause a draft to carry
away the steam and vapour out of the roaster through a small flue or
5 passage ff. f, which is formed in the brickwork at the back behind the
apparatus, and extends from the said small holes n, n, into the chimney, and a
turning valve or damper marked i is fitted into that flue to stop or regulate
the passage through it. p, p, p, in Figure 1, are openings through the front
plates with stoppers to take out in order to clean out the flucs or passages

page_text: when requisite; r is the water cock at the front end of the part F of the
boiler, to draw out hot water from the boiler; s is the cover or screw stopper
into the boiler E, to give access to the interior in order to clean the same;
t, Figure 1, is the feed pipe by which fresh water is introduced into the boiler
through the feeding cock v, the lever or handle of which is moved by a wire w
which passes through a stuffing box into the boiler, and has a float applied to
it within side the boiler, which subsides whenever the surface of the water
sinks, and opens the cock vso as to admit a fresh supply of water into the
boiler to fill the same up; but when the surface of the water rises to its proper
level the float rises so as to shut the feeding cock v. e is the steam pipe pro-
eceding from the boiler E, to convey the steam away therefrom to be used for
cooking by steam, or for heating water for a bath, or other purpose. Y is a
hot closet, made of metal plates and closed by folding doors in front, as shewn
at Y, Y, Figure 1; the closet is surrounded by brickwork, leaving a space or
passage all round it for the smoke and heated vapour to pass through from the
space M, shewn in Figure 2; a sliding damper is provided to cause a draught
through that space into the chimney, and thus heat the closet; but when that
damper is shut the heated vapour and smoke, which passes through the
dampers hand, passes under the bottom of the closet and out through the
opening m into the chimney. 2, Figure 2, is a brick arch to enclose a space
to contain coals, and there is a corresponding opening through the front
plate S, Figure 1, to take out the coals for the supply of the fire. y, Figure 1,
is a door to open to admit a boy into the space M, shewn in Figure 2, to clear
out the soot.
And having now described the complete cooking apparatus constructed
according to my Invention, I, the said John Bellingham, do hereby declare
that the particular improvement or improvements thereof, which are of my
Invention, consist in the addition of the projecting trunk F to the steam boiler,
which trunk extends partly over the fire so as to become heated thereby in the
manner herein-before described; also in making the hot plate or surface on
which the cooking vessels are to be placed of several separate pieces K, I, L,
G, N, O, P, as herein-before described, in order that the said plates may be
less liable to crack or break by the heat of the fire, each of the said pieces of
which such plate is composed having a rebate formed upon one of its edges;
and the edge of the next adjacent plate overlaps or lays upon that rebated
part, so as to form the joint, but such joint will permit all the expansion or
contraction of the metal by the heat to take place without injury to the plates.
And the dimensions of the parts of the said apparatus may be ascertained by
measuring the Drawing according to the scale of feet and inches thereupon;

page_text: but the said dimensions may be greatly varied at the discretion of the workman
who shall construct the same, according to local circumstances or the
magnitude of the apparatus which is required to be constructed.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Bellingham, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and twenty-six