Improvements in Valves for Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Nov., 1893
Cemplete Specification Left, 17th July, 1894-Accepted, 1st Sept., 1894
TROVIDIONALE
Improvements in Valves for Pneumatic Tyres.
We, GEORGE WILLIAM PANZETTA, Cycle Maker, and HARRY PANZETTA,
Cycle Engineer, of 287 Upper Street, Islington, and 72 Charing Cross Road, both
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to the securing of the pneumatic tyre upon its rim and to
valves for the inflation of the tyre.
In carrying out the invention we employ a cover of rubber, rubber and canvas,
or the like with beaded edges adapted to fit into suitable channels formed in the
edges of an inner metal hoop the diameter of which can be varied. This hoop is
formed so that its turned over edges which form the before mentioned channels,
face the rim of the wheel upon which it lies and is provided with a spring or
equivalent device at its ends which overlap, the arrangement being such that when
the hoop and cover are in place upon the rim the ends of the hoop may be lapped
further over so as to reduce the diameter of the hoop and when it is desired to
remove the cover the ends can be withdrawn so as to allow of the hoop being
moved sideways clear of the rim after which the beaded edge of the cover can be
removed from the channel in the hoop and the air tube is then accessible. A
convenient way of arranging the junction of the hoop ends is to slot one and reduce
the width of the other so that the narrow one passes through the slot of the broad
one, swelling out again after it has passed and a plate spring or equivalent having its
ends connected to the respective ends of the hoop spring and both ends being slotted
so as to allow the valve to pass through and secure them to the rim of the wheel.
This prevents creeping of the hoop upon the rim and the parts are so arranged that
when the valve is screwed tightly up the spring is flattened upon the hoop thus
increasing the available length of the spring and drawing the ends of the hoop
further past each other. When the valve is slackened the spring is allowed to
rise thus shortening its available length and drawing the ends of the hoop nearer
together or allowing them to be drawn, and enlarging the diameter of the hoop.
Other means may be provided for effecting this operation, but the method above
described gives satisfactory results.
The valve body may be made with a longer stem than usual where required by
the circumstances of its application, the valve proper consisting of a piece of
flexible tube placed inside the bore of the valve body, or of a cap adapted to screw
thereon, the bore being divided by a pin or diaphragm and the tube forced in to the
bore at one side of the diaphragm entirely closing the flexible tube. During
inflation the air passes down the bore at one side of the diaphragm, and entering
the tyre upon the outside of the flexible tube, but it cannot return because coming
back it enters the inside of the flexible tube forcing it tightly against the walls of
the bore. The outer end of the flexible tube may be closed up by solutioning or
other means if desired, although generally the compression due to forcing it into
the small space will be sufficient. The deflation of the tyre can be effected by
unscrewing the cap should the valve be placed therein.
In a modified form the valve proper consists of a small metal tube bored through
and having a head at its inner end; over this a rubber cap conveniently made of a
piece of tube is sprung so that to inflate, the rubber is forced away from the end of
the tube and is afterwards tightly pressed upon the end of the tube by the pressure
inside the air tube. This valve piece may be a part of the ordinary valve body
or may be entirely independent thereof and applied by a suitable union or other

page_text: device. This latter course is preferred as by unscrewing the union the tyre may
be deflated.
Dated this 4th day of November 1893.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOUlt,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Valves for Pneumatic Tyres.
We, GEORGE WILLIAM PANZETTA, Cycle Maker, and HARRY PANZETTA,
Cycle Engineer, of 287 Upper Street, Islington, and, 72 Charing Cross Road, both
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
Our invention relates to valves for the inflation of pneumatic tyres and consists
in constructing the valve proper of a piece of flexible tube made of rubber or other
suitable material placed inside the bore of the valve body or inside a cap adapted
to screw on or into the said valve body.
Hitherto valves for inflating pneumatic tyres have been made by placing or
stretching a short piece of india rubber tubing over a stem connected with the
pump, the stem having a hole drilled in it so as to allow the air to pass from the
pump to the inside of the india rubber tube whence it forces its way into the tyre;
one great objection to this arrangement is that it requires a considerably greater
pressure in the air pump than there is at the same moment in the tyre to force the
air through and this is in a great measure caused by the resistance of the india
rubber tube to expansion, and by the adhesion of the india rubber to the stem.
According to our invention the air can pass from the pump to the tyre without
having to overcome these resistances, and consequently the pressure in the
never very materially in excess of the pressure in the tyre.
pump
is
The principle of our invention consists in placing the piece of india rubber which
is to act as a valve in such a position that when the air tends to lift the india
rubber valve off its seat it shall not be opposed by any tensile strain in the india
rubber, and this we accomplish by placing a short length of india rubber tubing in
a metal tube into which it fits. The metal tube has a hole drilled through it which
is in connection with the air pump and the tube itself is in connection with the
tyre, so that when air is forced against the outside of the india rubber tube valve
the india rubber is raised from its seating and the air escaping at the ends passes
into the tyre; when the pump is removed the air in the inside of the india rubber
tubing expands the india rubber tubing by internal pressure and closes the
communication with the outer air.
On the accompanying sheet of drawings various methods of carrying our
invention into practice are shown.
In all these views, Figures 1 to 7 inclusive, similar letters refer to similar
parts, a designating the body of the valve, b a plate or curved washer and
cd locknuts for securing the valve to the rim of the wheel; e is a cap or valve
casing with a screwed tail piece to which the air pump or inflator can be attached,
a tight joint between the body a and casing e being made by a leather or other
washer f; g is the rubber or other flexible tube placed inside the valve casing e;
k is the passage communicating with the air pump or inflator and the passage
communicating with the air tube of the tyre.
In Figure 1 the rubber tube g, which forms the actual valve, is secured and
made airtight at one end by being drawn down one side of a pin h. The inflator
having been attached to the tail piece of the valve casing e the air is pumped up
the passage the tubular valve g collapses and the air passes through the passage
into the air tube of the tyre. The back pressure of air fills the interior of the

page_text: tubular valve g pressing it closely against the interior of the casing e, so that the
greater the air pressure the tighter the valve is closed.
To deflate the tyre the valve casing e is unscrewed and the body a having a flat
place (not shown) on its outside allows the air to escape gradually; rapid deflation
may be effected by altogether unscrewing and removing the casing e.
Figure 2 is substantially the same construction as Fig. 1 the only difference
being that the part e is screwed on inside instead of outside the body a.
The
Figure 3 shows the rubber tube g with one end made solid and attached to the
valve casing e by a split ring g' or it may be by any other suitable means.
tail piece of the casing e instead of having a central passage throughout in this case
is grooved down part of one side and then drilled to join the groove and form the
passage k.
Figure 4 shows another form of tubular valve g having its upper end closed by a
flexible diaphragm which when the back pressure of air is acting on the same
occupies the position indicated by dotted lines and so automatically closes the
outlet.
Figure 5 shows a valve casing e formed with an inlet passage k on the side, and
the rubber tube g is closed at its lower end by being drawn through a small taper
hole in the casing e; but this mode of fastening and closing the tube
varied by employing a tube with a solid bottom as in Fig. 3.
g may be
Figure 6 shows a valve casing e with a turned end fitted into a correspondingly
bored hole in the body a and secured therein by a bayonet joint formed by pins e¹
on the casing engaging the right angled slots a¹ (see Fig. 6A) in the body a.
Figure 7 shows the rubber tube g placed in a horizontal position in the casing e.
The air that is pumped through the passage k escapes into the tyre at both ends of
the collapsable tube g the threads on the casing e being slightly filed at each end
to permit the same. The back pressure of air in the passage I closes the tubular
valve e as before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A valve consisting of a piece of india rubber or other flexible tubing in a
suitable valve casing, which valve collapses and allows air to pass into the tyre
when the pressure is applied to the outside of the tube but which expands and acts
as a non-return valve when subjected to internal air pressure.
2. The particular forms and constructions of valves as herein described and
shown in the drawings annexed hereto.
Dated this 13th day of July 1894.
H. B. BARLOW & GILLETT,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for Applicants.