IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING
Year: 1839

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PAUL
ROBIN, of Saint Paul's Chain, in the City of London, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Ninth day of September, in the third year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Paul Robin, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Paul Robin, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Paul Robin, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after, during the term of years therein expressed, should aud lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING,"
municated to me by a certain Foreigner residing abroad; in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Paul Robin, shall cause
a particular description of the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, 1, the said
Paul Robin, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and the
Pine S

page_text: manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and lettersmarkedthereon
(that is to say):-
This Invention consists in a new mode of spinning by the application of an
apparatus to machinery for carding wool, by which I obtain directly threads
sufficiently fine or coarse as may be required for the warp or weft for weaving.
This apparatus may also be used for spinning hemp, flax, cotton, and other
fibrous substances. The object is to dispense with the different processes
through which the wool passes in its progress of manufacture, and also to give
the proper degree of twist required. The apparatus is applied to the carding
machine wherein the wool, when it comes therefrom,has undergone the neces-
sary preparation, and is ready to undergo the preparing process for spinning
as heretofore generally practised; but in place of removing the sliver or
card in the ordinary way, it is dofled by two doffing rollers having bands of
cards at intervals, thereby producing a series of narrow cardings or slivers,
which is well understood, and such slivers are immediately spun as hereafter
explained; and it is the mode and apparatus forperformingthespinning which
constitutes the object of the Invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING No. 1.
Figure 1 represents sufficient of a carding machine in order to explain
the improvements applied thereto according to the Invention. Figure 2 shews
a plan of the spinning apparatus. Figure 3 is an exterior view of one of
the small cylinders. Figure 4 shows a section of the same. Figure 5 is a
view of one of the frames which carry the spinning cylinder. Figure 6 is a
a plan of Figure 5, and Figure 7 is a section. Figure S is a dividing plate
placed upon a bar which passes before each combing cylinder to prevent
entanglement. Figure 3 shows part of the bar upon which this plate is
placed. Figure 10 is a front view of the traversing frame, which receives
the threads and places them suitably upon the bobbins. In all these Figures
the same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the Figures where-
ever they occur. The ordinary machines have generally but one combing
cylinder placed in front of the machine; but according to this Invention two
are used, as shewn in the Drawing at Band C; but this number may be varied
according to circumstances. This cylinder Bhas bands of cards placed around
it in such manner that a space is left between each of them; the other cylinder
C has also similar bands, but the spaces left in them correspond with the bands
of cards of the upper cylinder B. The sliver or cardings formed by the card

page_text: will be found divided into as many parts as there are ribbons or bands upon
the two cylinders. At the lower part of these cylinders is a row of dividing
plates, which may be made of wood or metal, or any suitable material. These
plates D, shewn at Figures S and 9, are for the purpose of perfectly dividing
the wool as it passes from cylinders Band C; they separate the narrow slivers
of wool, which would otherwise be found to bind one ribbon to another. The
ribbons thus formed are passed into the hole of the small spinning cylinder E,
which has attached to it a hook F. The form of this hook may be varied.
These ribbons pass through the cylinder E at the part al, and go at the other
end a, the hole a, a, being in an angular direction, as shewn. They are then
passed over the hook F, through the bent metal hooks b, (which are fixed to the
framing G, and then are fixed on to the bobbins H, which are placed on the
spindle or shaft L. and K. In giving rotary motion to these spinnings cylinders
the required twist is obtained to the thread, and the greater the speed given to
them in proportion to the speed of winding on, the greater will be the twist
obtained, the carding cylinder remaining the same as before.
I will now explain the mode in which this spinning cylinder is applied, and
how the different parts are put in motion. The framing upon which the
spinning apparatus is placed I prefer should be of wood, having rollers at its
lower part which run upon an iron rail fixed to two pieces of wood, which are
placed in front of the machine. This arrangement will be found very con-
venient, as it will allow the workman, when repairs are required, casily to get
at the machine. Aflixed to the frame I is another framing J, which has
moveable screws to allow of its position being altered accordingtothedifferent
qualities of wool being spun. The combing cylindercommunicatesmovement
to the cylinder B, also to the shaft K, upon which the bobbins are placél.
This cylinder K communicates motion to the upper cylinder L by means of an
endless chain or band, as shewn at Figure 1. These bearing are attached to
the framing by screws, having at each end a handle marked M and N. To
the upper part of these frames is attached forked pieces marked O and P,
into which is placed the axis of the shaft which carries the bobbins. These
frames also support the metal plates upon which runs the upright G. This
piece G, which should have a lateral movement equal to the width of the
bobbin, which is communicated by the aid of a crank pin c receiving
motion by a cord or band passing below over a pulley mounted at the end
of the shaft or axis K. The framing J is so arranged as to receive the
framing T, into which is placed the spinning apparatus. This framing T
may be made of any suitable material. At the end of this piece T. shewn at
Figure 6, it will be seen there is a hole marked U. Into this is placed a

page_text: screw to regulate its height, and also another hole shewn at Figure 5, which
has also a screw for regulating the lateral motion. The frame T carries the
spinning cylinder E, and the number of threads can be varied as may be
required by the cylinders B, C. It will be seen by the Drawing that these
cylinders are hollowed out in their centre as pullies over which passes an
endless band which passes over the roller X.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING No. 2, which is for putting on more Twist
when required.
Figure 1 is a front view of a machine with it applied. Figure 2 is a back
view of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a plan; and Figure 4 and 5 are end views
of the same Figure; and Figure 6 is a view of one of the frames which
carries the bobbins. I place at the sides of this apparatus a spindle or
framing a, seen at Figure 6; they are placed as shewn from the point b to c;
they are put in motion by the endless bands which pass over the pulleys d and
the rollers. The pullies d are fixed to the spindle, and the spindle carries
the bobbins. When thread is required from the warp, you take from the
previous machine the bobbin h filled with thread, and place it on the axis in
the frame a. The thread is passed through a hole at the upper part of the
spindle frame on to the rollers e of a larger diameter than the bobbins or
rollers, those rollers e having friction rollers g, which turning, divide the
threads and regulate the equal distribution of the threads upon the bobbins or
rollers e, by means of the to-and-fro motion which is given to them by the
piece i. These are put in motion by the pulley q. By giving to the framing
which carries the bobbins a more rapid rotary motion than that of the
bobbins e, the thread will receive a greater degree of twist in proportion to
the different speed at which they are put in motion. The winder k may be
raised if desired. If the thread be required less twisted without raising the
winder, the intermediate roller may be dispensed with, and the bobbins h
filled with thread may be placed in the frame a, and the thread passed directly
on to the winder k, as is shewn in one of the end views at r in Figure 5.
The thread which is to be employed as the weft in weaving is not usually
required to have any twist; as it is generally fit for use as it comes from the
spinning machine, it is only necessary to wind it. For this purpose I place
the bobbins as is shown at j, Figure 4, and the thread is received on the
winder. This machine or apparatus may be worked by hand or byanyother
power; it is here shewn as being worked by means of pullies P and P. The
pulley P is loose, and the other (PI) is fixed to the shaft l, upon which is fixed
the pulley m, which communicates motion to the cylinder. The other neces-

page_text: sary movement may be given to the machine by means of wheelwork or by
pullies with endless bands, and the diameters of these will have to be varied
according to the different speeds desired, and according to the quality of the
wool being operated on.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, I would have it under-
stood that I lay no claim to any of the parts separately, nor to the carding
machinery herein described; but what I claim is, first, the mode of con-
structing and applying the spinning cylinders E; and, secondly, the mode of
giving additional twist to yarns or threads.
In witness whereof, I, the said Paul Robin, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this * day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand sight hundred and forty

page_text: FIC. 1.