Year: 1887

page_text: I, HENRY ROBERT INGHAI WEBSTER of Morton House, Fence Houses, in the
county of Durham, Rope Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of wire ropes and
5 consists in so arranging the wires employed to form the separate strands and in so
laying up such strands into the rope as to get the greatest amount of wear out of the
wire, and render the rope more pliable and better able to stand the wear and tear of
use, and less liable to become untwisted or to stretch longitudinally and at the same
time to prevent its having a tendency to kink.
According to certain methods of construction the wires forming each alternate
strand have been laid up into the ropes to the right hand and the intermediate ones to
the left hand or the strands have been laid up into the ropes with the same lay as
the wires forming the strands.
According to these methods there has been either undue wear and tear or too great
a longitudinal stretching, with a tendency to kink, and to obviate the latter I have
proposed an arrangement in which the lay of the wires in all the strands except one
should be the same as the lay of the strands of the rope, (as set forth in the specifica-
tion accompanying my Letters Patent No. 14183 A.D. 1884) and I have found that
advantage results from the arrangement. In order however to secure more fully the
objects of that arrangement, according to my present improvements I make each
strand compound, that is, I lay some of the wires forming each strand in one direction
and the rest in the other direction, for example, in a nineteen wire strand I prefer to
lay the seven central wires to the left hand and the remaining twelve external wires to
[Price 6d.

page_text: the right hand, and 1 prefer to lay the strands up into the rope with the same lay as
the external wires of the strands. I may however form a rope with my compound
strands laid alternately to the right and left hand, or I may use them for such a rope
as is specified in my Letters Patent before referred to.
I prefer to use for the internal wires of compound strands constructed according to
this invention wires of rather smaller diameter or gauge than the external ones, and
the compound strands may be laid on the core usually employed for wire ropes.
Dated this Twenty ninth day of August 1887.
J. C. CHAPMAN,
70, Chancery Lane, W.C.,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: 1, HENRY ROBERT INGHAM WEBSTER of Morton House, Fencehouses in the county
of Durham, Rope Maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of wire ropes,
and consists in so arranging the wires employed to form the separate strands, and in
so laying up such strands into the rope as to get the greatest amount of wear out
of the wire, and render the rope more pliable and better able to stand the wear and
tear of use, and less liable to become untwisted or to stretch longitudinally, and at the
same time to prevent its having a tendency to kink.
According to certain methods of construction the wires forming each alternate
strand have been laid up into the ropes to the right hand and the intermediate ones to
the left hand; or the strands have been laid up into the ropes with the same lay as the
wires forming the strands.
According to these methods there has been either undue wear and tear or too great
a longitudinal stretching with a tendency to kink, and to obviate the latter I have
proposed an arrangement in which the lay of the wires in all the strands except one
should be the same as the lay of the strands of the rope, (as set forth in the specifica-
tion accompanying my Letters Patent No. 14183 A.D. 1884.) and I have found that
advantage results from the arrangement. In order however to secure more fully the
objects of that arrangement, according to my present improvements I make each
strand compound, that is, I lay some of the wires forming each strand in one direction
and the rest in the other direction. The numerical proportion which the wires forming
the central portion of a compound strand will bear to that of the external portion over
ying them in the reverse direction varies according to the size of the strand, but I
have found from one sixth to one third to be the best proportion; for example in a
nineteen wire-strand I prefer to lay the seven central wires to the left hand and the
emaining twelve external wires to the right hand, and I prefer to lay the strands up
nto the rope with the same lay as the external wires of the strands. I
may however
orm a rope with my compound strands laid alternately to the right and left hand, or
may use them for such a rope as is specified in my Letters Patent before referred to.
In the construction of large sized ropes I use for the compound strands wires of
ame gauge throughout, but in the construction of some ropes more particularly those
f small diameter I prefer to use for the internal wires of compound strands constructed
ccording to this invention wires of rather smaller diameter or gauge than the external
In order to further counteract the tendency to kink or twist inherent in any
ope I use for the centre portion of my compound strands wire of good quality and
mper and I find it advantageous to arrange the centre wires with a quicker rate of
vist than the outer wires overlying them in a reverse direction. The rate of twist
ecessarily varies with the diameter of the rope, but for example in a two inch rope I
nes.

page_text: may give to the centre wires four or five twists in a length of three inches and one or
two twists only to the outer wires in the same length. The compound strands may be
laid on the cores usually employed for the closing of the strands into a rope, though
for the compound strands themselves the centre wires alone act as cores. I also
dispense with all soft annealed wire, hemp, jute, flax, manilla, hide, or other soft
substance generally used in the cores as strands.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In the manufacture of wire ropes the improvement consisting in making, all the
strands compound, that is to say, each strand having some of its component wires laid
in one direction and the rest in the other direction and arranged substantially as
_ specified and for the purposes set forth.

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1887
Complete Left, 22nd Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 23rd Mar., 1888
I, HENRY ROBERT INGHAM WEBSTER of Morton House, Fence Houses, in the
county of Durham, Rope Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
--
This invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of wire ropes and
consists in so arranging the wires employed to form the separate strands and in so
laying up such strands into the rope as to get the greatest amount of wear out of the
wire, and render the rope more pliable and better able to stand the wear and tear of
use, and less liable to become untwisted or to stretch longitudinally and at the same
time to prevent its having a tendency to kink.
According to certain methods of construction the wires forming each alternate
strand have been laid up into the ropes to the right hand and the intermediate ones to
the left hand; or the strands have been laid up into the ropes with the same lay as
the wires forming the strands.
According to these methods there has been either undue wear and tear or too great
a longitudinal stretching, with a tendency to kink, and to obviate the latter I have
proposed an arrangement in which the lay of the wires in all the strands.except one
should be the same as the lay of the strands of the rope, (as set forth in the specifica-
tion accompanying my Letters Patent No. 14183 A.D. 1884) and I have found that
advantage results from the arrangement. In order however to secure more fully the
objects of that arrangement, according to my present improvements I make each
strand compound, that is, I lay some of the wires forming each strand in one direction
and the rest in the other direction, for example, in a nineteen wire strand I prefer to
lay the seven central wires to the left hand and the remaining twelve external wires to
the right hand, and I prefer to lay the strands up into the rope with the same lay as
the external wires of the strands. I may however form a rope with my compound
strands laid alternately to the right and left hand, or I may use them for such a rope
as is specified in my Letters Patent before referred to.
I prefer to use for the internal wires of compound strands constructed according to
this invention wires of rather smaller diameter or gauge than the external ones, and
the compound strands may be laid on the core usually employed for wire ropes.
Dated this Twenty ninth day of August 1887.
J. C. CHAPMAN,
70, Chancery Lane, W.C.,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: I, HENRY ROBERT INGHAM WEBSTER of Morton House, Fencehouses in the county
of Durham, Rope Maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of wire ropes,
and consists in so arranging the wires employed to form the separate strands, and in
so laying up such strands into the rope as to get the greatest amount of wear out.
of the wire, and render the rope more pliable and hetter able to stand the wear and
tear of use, and less liable to become untwisted or to stretch longitudinally, and at the
same time to prevent its having a tendency to kink.
According to certain methods of construction the wires forming each alternate
strand have been laid up into the ropes to the right hand and the intermediate ones to
the left hand; or the strands have been laid up into the ropes with the same lay as the
the wires forming the strands.
According to these methods there has been either undue wear and tear or too great
a longitudinal stretching with a tendency to kink, and to obviate the latter I have
proposed an arrangement in which the lay of the wires in all the strands except one
should be the same as the lay of the strands of the rope, (as set forth in the specifica-
tion accompanying my Letters Patent No. 14183 A.D. 1884.) and I have found that
advantage results from the arrangement. In order however to secure more fully the
objects of that arrangement, according to my present improvements I make each
strand compound, that is, I lay some of the wires forming each strand in one direction
and the rest in the other direction. The numerical proportion which the wires forming
the central portion of a compound strand will bear to that of the external portion over
lying them in the reverse direction varies according to the size of the strand, but I
have found from one sixth to one third to be the best proportion; for example in a
nineteen wire-strand I prefer to lay the seven central wires to the left hand and the
remaining twelve external wires to the right hand, and I prefer to lay the strands up
into the rope with the same lay as the external wires of the strands. I may however
form a rope with my compound strands laid alternately to the right and left hand, or
may use them for such a rope as is specified in my Letters Patent before referred to.
In the construction of large sized ropes I use for the compound strands wires of
same gauge throughout, but in the construction of some ropes more particularly those
of small diameter I prefer to use for the internal wires of compound strands constructed
according to this invention wires of rather smaller diameter or gauge than the external
ones. In order to further counteract the tendency to kink or twist inherent in any
rope I use for the centre portion of my compound strands wire of good quality and
temper and I find it advantageous to arrange the centre wires with a quicker rate of
twist than the outer wires overlying them in a reverse direction. The rate of twist
necessarily varies with the diameter of the rope, but for example in a two inch rope I
I

page_text: may give to the centre wires four or five twists in a length of three inches and one or
two twists only to the outer wires in the same length. The compound strands may be
laid on the cores usually employed for the closing of the strands into a rope, though
for the compound strands themselves the centre wires alone act as cores. I also
dispense with all soft annealed wire, hemp, jute, flax, manilla, hide, or other soft
substance generally used in the cores as strands.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
:-
1. In the manufacture of wire ropes the improvement consisting in making all the
strands compound, that is to say, each strand having some of its component wires laid
in one direction and the rest in the other direction and arranged substantially as
specified and for the purposes set forth.
2. The laying up into a rope compound strands constructed and arranged as specified
either; (1) all having their external wires in the same direction as the lay of the rope;
(2) all except one having their external wires in the same direction as the lay of the
rope (3) with the direction of the external wires of such strands to the right and left
hand alternately as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 55.1
1