An Improved Manufacture of Circular or Rotatory Saws or Saw Knives.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Apr., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 18th Feb. 1891-Accepted, 18th Apr., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Manufacture of Circular or Rotatory Saws or Saw
Knives.
HENRY MELTON MARSDEN, 106, Vincent Road, Sharrow, Sheffield, in the
County of York, Ledger Blade Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows
This invention relates to the manufacture of circular or rotatory saws or saw
knives and has for its object the production of circular or rotary saws or saw knives
possessing the highest possible excellence as cutting instruments and to fit them by
new and improved arrangements of sectional forms of toothed teeth to cut much
more rapidly than at present. It therefore consists first in making the cutting
part sides or side of cutting part to the required depth in the blade harder or
better in quality or both than that which forms the non-cutting portion or central
portion and in addition protected on their outside flat surfaces by a layer of milder
or commoner metal throughout all the stages where protection is needed that will
generally be up to or about the grinding stage. The chief feature however of this
invention lies in the novel shape and configuration of the outside edge the
description of which is somewhat difficult. But if a circular or rotary saw be
made according to this invention to cut one way only it will resemble in general
outline what, in mechanics, is termed a cam the lifting teeth of which have curved
fronts and straight or curved backs. These resemblances to the lifting teeth of a
cam being toothed with teeth of suitable shape and size. There may be any
number of these sectional toothed teeth or only one as efficiency in work may
require. If however these improved circular or rotary saws or rotary saw knives
be intended for cross cutting or to be reversible then in general outline they will
resemble a star having double inclined or double curved lancet like sections on
its outer face. These sections themselves being toothed with finer and suitably
shaped teeth. Some or all of these sectional toothed teeth may be made detach-
able and therefore renewable in case of accident or breakage. The saw itself may
be built up in sectional parts each section or pair of sections being so bent at its
central or axle part as to admit of the parts all moving in the same plane of
rotation. This arrangement makes it possible to make much larger rotary saws
or knives than has heretofore been produced.
For cutting ensilage or other compressed vegetable fibre or for cutting animal
substances woollen silk and other similar fibres I reverse the teeth in direction
making them to cut instead of tear the material under operation.
In toothing the sections of these rotary saws in the ordinary way I place the
lirection of the points of the sub-teeth so that they lean away from the point of
the section on which they stand. In some cases the edge of the saw may be made
sharp like a knife, the teeth may have single or double swages or I make these
otary cam like forms with plain untoothed sections making them sharp like a
knife instead and sometimes with one side file cut or toothed so that when sharpened
on the other or opposite side to the file cut or toothed one serrations will appear on
he outer edge. These double or compound forms plain or serrated double inclines
or curves on the circumferential outline of these circular or rotatory saws or saw
nives or knives will vary in shape and size and in their relative position on the
periphery according to the work or purpose for which they are designed
espectively.
Dated this 17th day of April 1890.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Manufacture of Circular or Rotatory Saws or Saw
Knives.
HENRY MELTON MARSDEN, 106, Vincent Road, Sharrow, Sheffield, in County
of York, Ledger Blade Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the manufacture of circular or rotatory saws or saw
knives and has for its object the production of circular or rotating saws or rotatory
saw knives possessing the highest possible excellence as cutting instruments and
to fit them by new and improved arrangement of sectional forms of toothed
teeth to cut much more rapidly than at present. It therefore consists first in
making the cutting part side or sides to the required depth in the blade harder or
better or both harder and better in quality than that part which forms the non-
cutting and central portion of a circular or rotatory saw or rotatory saw knife
(see Figures H, R, Q, Sheets 1 & 2 of drawings) and in addition protected on their
outside flat surfaces by a layer of milder or commoner metal (see Figs. I, H, Q, R,
Sheets 1 & 2 of drawings).
Fig. I shews a section of a rough blank for one of these circular or rotatory
saws or saw knives made of all one kind of steel when finished but protected on
its flat cutting sides by a layer of milder or commoner metal. This milder or
commoner protecting layer of metal is indicated by the lines a a in the Figure I
and the fine steel centre by the line d. Fig. H, shews a section of a rough blank
having its central core and middle portion formed of milder or commoner metal
than that which is indicated for the cutting sides by the small letters cathe
covering & protecting layer being indicated by the small letters d, d. This
Fig. H represents a section of any of the figures representing some of the various
forms of these improved circular or rotatory saws made according to this invention.
See also sections Q, R, Sheet 2 of the drawings. This outside layer of commoner
or milder metal will protect the fine steel for the cutting side or sides from oxidation
or injury during the heating and straightening stages. It is in the rolling and
hardening processes that protection from both heating and overheating is required
and in the straightening stage it is also needed to guard against breakage. At the
grinding stage this protection of the fine steel for the cutting part or parts is no
longer needed so it is ground off' (see Figures S & U Sheet 2 of the drawings) and
thus the fine steel for the cutting side or sides is laid bare and is more likely to
have passed through the heating and straightening stages of the manufacture
without injury in consequence of being thus protected.
The chief feature however of this invention lies in the novel shape and configu-
ration of the outside edge the description of which is somewhat difficult. But if a
circular or rotatory saw or saw knife be made according to this invention it will
resemble in general outline what in mechanics is termed a cam the lifting teeth of
which have curved fronts and either straight lined or curved backs see Figs. A. B.
C. D. E. G. These resemblances to the lifting teeth of a cam being themselves
toothed with teeth of suitable size and shape. There may be any number of these
sectional toothed teeth or only one as efficiency in work may require or make
desireable. See Figs. A to G inclusive. A is a figure representing in plan a circular
or rotatory saw or saw knife with one toothed section only made according to this
invention. B has two C has three D four E eight F twelve and G sixteen of
these toothed sections. These Figs. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. are illustrations of the
more important forms of circular or rotatory saw or saw knife made and formed
according to this invention. The projections on the outer edge of these cam or
star like forms I call teeth whether they be toothed or file cut and therefore
serrated on the edge when ground or left entirely plain. I therefore designate the
plain or serrated form a saw knife. O Figs. N. P2 E4 V. V 5 represent forms of

page_text: saw.
these saw knives. All the forms shewn in Figs. A B C D E F G J K L M N O
PTV may be made into saws or left plain to act as knives. A portion only of
these sections A B C &c. have been shewn toothed but the arrow inside the figure
is intended to shew that the teeth should be formed on the section all round the
The outside arrow shewing the direction the saw is intend to take when
rotating at work. If however these improved circular or rotatory saws or saw
knives are intended for cross cutting or to be reversible then in general outline
they will resemble a star having double inclined or double curved lancet like pro-
jections on its outer face or edge. For illustrations of these shapes see
Figs. T. V. V502. These forms of rotatory saws or rotatory saw knives are
adapted for cross cutting if the sections or projections are suitably toothed or to
be reversible that is cutting either one way or the other. If intended to be
reversible then one set of teeth may be adapted for slitting or ripping and the other
for cross cutting see Figs. O. P. V 5. O 2. But if one of these cam or star like
forms be intended to act as both saw and knife then a plain knife edge section or
sections will alternate with one or more toothed sections. Such plain knife edge
section will also be lower down in the plate somewhat than the toothed sections.
They may be exact counterparts of the toothed sections but preferably lower down
in the plate (see O. N. & P 2.) the higher portion of the section toothed and the
lower or less prominent portion left untoothed (see a, M 3 and 6, b, E 4). In
toothing the sections of these circular or rotatory saws or saw knives in the
ordinary way I place the direction of the sub-teeth so that they lean away from
the point or top of the section on which they stand. This is shewn in Figs. A. B
C D E F G J K L M on the sheets of drawings. For cutting ensilage or
other compressed vegetable fibre or for cutting soft animal substances such as raw
or cooked meat or flesh and woollen silk hair and other similar fibrous material [
reverse the direction of the sub-teeth so that they will point or lean towards the
top or highest point of the section on which they stand (Figs. N & P) furnish
examples of this reversion of the direction of the sub-teeth. This reversal of the
sub-teeth in the line of cut from what is ordinary makes the saw knife to cut instead
of tear the material nuder operation or the sub-teeth may be of the cross cut
kind cach tooth swaged from one side to a knife edge or swaged or rolled from both
sides of the sub-teeth to a central knife edge. Indeed in some cases the edge of
the saw may be made sharp like a knife the sub-teeth may have single or double
swages or make these rotatory cam or star like forms with plain untoothed
sections making them sharp like a knife instead. For illustrations of this part
of my said invention see Figs. P. V. N. Sometimes one side is file cut or only
finely toothed. When file cut on one side and swaged on the other serrations will
appear like needle points on the cutting edges-see N & P for illustrations.
Some or all of these sectional toothed teeth I make detachable and therefore
renewable when broken or worn. The saw itself may be built up in sectional parts
each section or pair of sections being so bent at its central or axle part as to admit
when put together of the working parts of the sections all moving in the same
plane of rotation see Figs. T1 T2 T3 which shew a rotatory saw knife made up
of two sections or parts. This method of construction makes it possible to produce
much larger rotatory saws or rotatory saw knives than has hitherto been made.
Also these double or compound cam or star like forms the toothed plain or serrated
double inclines or double curves or curve and angle on the circumferential outline
of these circular or rotatory saws or saw knives will vary in shape depth and size
like the teeth of an ordinary circular saw and also in their relative position to one
another on the periphery according to the work or purpose for which they are
designed respectively. Fine smooth work will require fine teeth to do it. Wood
requires larger sections and sub-teeth than metal. Also a circular or rotatory saw
or saw knife made to cut deal boards or other boards or timber with smooth sides
or edges so as to lessen the amount of planing required or possibly to dispense
with it altogether will have a toothed section or toothed sections alternating with
one or more sections with either plain, serrated or reversely toothed and swaged

page_text: knife edge or edges. Where only one plain section alternates with a toothed section
then the outer edge of the plain section may be grooved and turned out on cach
side and swaged from the centre instead of on one side only see efgh Fig. P3
for illustration of this form of construction. When one of these plain swaged knife
edged sections alternate with toothed sections for the purpose of smoothing the
sides of the kerf made by the sawing action of the rotating toothed sections I put
one or more slits or dividing slots or gates in the untoothed section or in the part
of the section left untoothed so as to allow of the parts of the knife section thus
divided being slightly bent alternately from side to side in order that this plain
knife section may act on both sides of the kerf at the same time.
See cc c
P2, a M3 E4 for illustrations.
In circular saws as ordinarily constructed all the points of the teeth when
theoretically correct touch or end in the same circumferential line as radii of a
circle common to all whereas in these circular or rotatory saws or saw knives the
cutting points or working face of a section forms a segment or curve or segments
or curves of one or more circles distinct in diameter and position from the
circumferential line supposed to be touched by the highest points or tops of these
toothed sections or projections which constitute the cutting parts of these circular
or rotatory saws or saw knives.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is :-
1. Making circular or rotatory saws or saw knives with the steel for the cutting
edge protected up to grinding stage by a covering of milder or commoner metal
substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
2. A circular or rotatory saw or saw knife with the steel for the cutting side or
sides of harder or better or of both harder and better steel than that which
forms the central part or body of the rotatory saw or saw knife substantially as
herein before described and illustrated.
3. A. circular or rotatory saw or saw knife, with sections or projections on their
outer edge like the lifting tecth of a cain, these resemblances to the lifting teeth
of a cam being themselves toothed with teeth of suitable size and shape or left
plain or file cut or toothed with teeth reversed in direction from that in which the
ordinary rotatory saw is toothed has specified in this Specification substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated in the drawings.
4. A circular or rotatory saw or saw knife with double inclines or curves or
curve and angle on their circumferential outline toothed or untoothed substantially
has hereinbefore described and illustrated.
5. A circular or rotatory saw or saw knife with one or more toothed sections
alternating with one or more plain sections for purposes of smoothing the sides of
the kerf made by the rotating saw in cutting either wood or metal substantially
has hereinbefore described and illustrated.
6. A circular or of rotatory saw or saw knife with the plain or untoothed
sections or portion of the section with dividing slits gates or slots each part thus
divided being swaged on the opposite side to that on which the one immediately
preceeding and following are swaged each division being bent outward alternately
from side to side substantially has hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
drawings.
7. A circular or rotatory saw or saw knife with the cam or star like teeth or
sections with swaged or knife edges, file cut or reversely toothed substantially as
herein before described & illustrated.
HENRY MELTON MARSDEN.

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Apr., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 18th Feb. 1891-Accepted, 18th Apr., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Manufacture of Circular or Rotatory Saws or Saw
Knives.
HENRY MELTON MARSDEN, 106, Vincent Road, Sharrow, Sheffield, in the
County of York, Ledger Blade Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of circular or rotatory saws or saw
kuives and has for its object the production of circular or rotary saws or saw knives
possessing the highest possible excellence as cutting instruments and to fit them by
new and improved arrangements of sectional forms of toothed teeth to cut much
more rapidly than at present. It therefore consists first in making the cutting
part sides or side of cutting part to the required depth in the blade harder or
better in quality or both than that which forms the non-cutting portion or central
portion and in addition protected on their outside flat surfaces by a layer of milder
or commoner metal throughout all the stages where protection is needed that will
generally be up to or about the grinding stage. The chief feature however of this
invention lies in the novel shape and configuration of the outside edge the
description of which is somewhat difficult. But if a circular or rotary saw be
made according to this invention to cut one way only it will resemble in general
outline what, in mechanics, is termed a cam the lifting teeth of which have curved
fronts and straight or curved backs. These resemblances to the lifting teeth of a
cam being toothed with teeth of suitable shape and size. There may be any
number of these sectional toothed teeth or only one as efficiency in work may
require. If however these improved circular or rotary saws or rotary saw knives
be intended for cross cutting or to be reversible then in general outline they will
resemble a star having double inclined or double curved lancet like sections on
its outer face. These sections themselves being toothed with finer and suitably
shaped teeth. Some or all of these sectional toothed teeth may be made detach-
able and therefore renewable in case of accident or breakage. The saw itself may
be built up in sectional parts each section or pair of sections being so bent at its
central or axle part as to admit of the parts all moving in the same plane of
rotation. This arrangement makes it possible to make much larger rotary saws
or knives than has heretofore been produced.
For cutting ensilage or other compressed vegetable fibre or for cutting animal
substances woollen silk and other similar fibres I reverse the teeth in direction
making them to cut instead of tear the material under operation.
In toothing the sections of these rotary saws in the ordinary way I place the
direction of the points of the sub-teeth so that they lean away from the point of
the section on which they stand. In some cases the edge of the saw may be made
sharp like a knife, the teeth may have single or double swages or I make these
rotary cam like forms with plain untoothed sections making them sharp like a
knife instead and sometimes with one side file cut or toothed so that when sharpened
on the other or opposite side to the file cut or toothed one serrations will appear on
the outer edge. These double or compound forms plain or serrated double inclines
or curves on the circumferential outline of these circular or rotatory saws or saw
knives or knives will vary in shape and size and in their relative position on the
periphery according to the work or purpose for which they are designed
respectively.
Dated this 17th day of April 1890.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Manufacture of Circular or Rotatory Saws or Saw
Knives.
HENRY MELTON MARSDEN, 106, Vincent Road, Sharrow, Sheffield, in County
of York, Ledger Blade Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the manufacture of circular or rotatory saws or saw
knives and has for its object the production of circular or rotating saws or rotatory
saw knives possessing the highest possible excellence as cutting instruments and
to fit them by now and improved arrangement of sectional forms of toothed
teeth to cut much more rapidly than at present. It therefore consists first in
making the cutting part side or sides to the required depth in the blade harder or
better or both harder and better in quality than that part which forms the non-
cutting, and central portion of a circular or rotatory saw or rotatory saw knife
(see Figures H, R, Q, Sheets 1 & 2 of drawings) and in addition protected on their
outside flat surfaces by a layer of milder or commoner metal (see Figs. I, H, Q, R,
Sheets 1 & 2 of drawings).
Fig. I shews a section of a rough blank for one of these circular or rotatory
saws or saw knives made of all one kind of steel when finished but protected on
its flat cutting sides by a layer of milder or commoner metal. This milder or
commoner protecting layer of metal is indicated by the lines a a in the Figure I
and the fine steel centre by the line d. Fig. H, shews a section of a rough blank
having its central core and middle portion formed of milder or commoner metal
than that which is indicated for the cutting sides by the small letters cc the
covering & protecting layer being indicated by the small letters d, d. This
Fig. H represents a section of any of the figures representing some of the various
forms of these improved circular or rotatory saws made according to this invention.
See also sections Q, R, Sheet 2 of the drawings. This outside layer of commoner
or milder metal will protect the fine steel for the cutting side or sides from oxidation
or injury during the heating and straightening stages. It is in the rolling and
hardening processes that protection from both heating and overheating is required
and in the straightening stage it is also needed to guard against breakage. At the
grinding stage this protection of the fine steel for the cutting part or parts is no
longer needed so it is ground off (see Figures S & U Sheet 2 of the drawings) and
thus the fine steel for the cutting side or sides is laid bare and is more likely to
have passed through the heating and straightening stages of the manufacture
without injury in consequence of being thus protected.
The chief feature however of this invention lies in the novel shape and configu-
ration of the outside edge the description of which is somewhat difficult. But if a
circular or rotatory saw or saw knife be made according to this invention it will
resemble in general outline what in mechanics is termed a cam the lifting teeth of
which have curved fronts and either straight lined or curved backs see Figs. A. B.
C. D. E. G. These resemblances to the lifting teeth of a cam being themselves
toothed with teeth of suitable size and shape. There may be any number of these
sectional toothe teeth or only one as efficiency in work may require or make
desireable. See Figs. A to G inclusive. A is a figure representing in plan a circular
or rotatory saw or saw knife with one toothed section only made according to this
invention. B has two C has three D four E eight F twelve and G sixteen of
these toothed sections. These Figs. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. are illustrations of the
more important forms of circular or rotatory saw or saw knife made and formed
according to this invention. The projections on the outer edge of these cam or
star like forms I call teeth whether they be toothed or file cut and therefore
serrated on the edge when ground or left entirely plain. I therefore designate the
plain or serrated form a saw knife. O Figs. N. P2 E4 V. V 5 represent forms of

page_text: these saw knives. All the forms shown in Figs. ABCDEFG JKLMNO
PTV may be made into saws or left plain to act as knives. A portion only of
these sections A B C &c. have been shewn toothed but the arrow inside the figure
is intended to shew that the teeth should be formed on the section all round the
saw. The outside arrow shewing the direction the saw is intend to take when
rotating at work. If however these improved circular or rotatory saws or saw
knives are intended for cross cutting or to be reversible then in general outline
they will resemble a star having double inclined or double curved lancet like pro-
jections on its outer face or edge. For illustrations of these shapes see
Figs. T. V. V50 2. These forms of rotatory saws or rotatory saw knives are
adapted for cross cutting if the sections or projections are suitably toothed or to
be reversible that is cutting either one way or the other. If intended to be
reversible then one set of teeth may be adapted for slitting or ripping and the other
for cross cutting sec Figs. O. P. V 5. 02. But if one of these cam or star like
forins be intended to act as both saw and knife then a plain knife edge section or
sections will alternate with one or more toothed sections. Such plain knife edge
section will also be lower down in the plate somewhat than the toothed sections.
They may be exact counterparts of the toothed sections but preferably lower down
in the plate (see O. N. & P 2.) the higher portion of the section toothed and the
lower or less prominent portion left untoothed (see a, M3 and b, b, E4). In
toothing the sections of these circular or rotatory saws or saw knives in the
ordinary way I place the direction of the sub-teeth so that they lean away from
the point or top of the section on which they stand. This is shewn in Figs. A. B
C D E F G J K L M on the sheets of drawings. For cutting ensilage or
other compressed vegetable fibre or for cutting soft animal substances such as raw
or cooked meat or flesh and woollen silk hair and other similar fibrous material I
reverse the direction of the sub-teeth so that they will point or lean towards the
top or highest point of the section on which they stand (Figs. N & P) furnish
examples of this reversion of the direction of the sub-teeth. This reversal of the
sub-teeth in the line of cut from what is ordinary makes the saw knife to cut instead
of tear the material under operation or the sub-teeth may be of the cross cut
kind each tooth swaged from one side to a knife edge or swaged or rolled from both
sides of the sub-teeth to a central knife edge. Indeed in some cases the edge of
the saw may be made sharp like a knife the sub-teeth may have single or double
swages or I make these rotatory cam or star like forms with plain untoothed
sections making them sharp like a knife instead. For illustrations of this part.
of my said invention see Figs. P. V. N. Sometimes one side is file cut or only
finely toothed. When file cut on one side and swaged on the other serrations will
appear like needle points on the cutting edges-see N & P for illustrations.
Some or all of these sectional toothed teeth I make detachable and therefore
renewable when broken or worn. The saw itself may be built up in sectional parts
each section or pair of sections being so bent at its central or axle part as to admit.
when put together of the working parts of the sections all moving in the same
plane of rotation sec Figs. T1 T2 T3 which show a rotatory saw knife made up
of two sections or parts. This method of construction makes it possible to produce
much larger rotatory saws or rotatory saw knives than has hitherto been made.
Also these double or compound cam or star like forms the toothed plain or serrated
double inclines or double curves or curve and angle on the circumferential outline
of these circular or rotatory saws or saw knives will vary in shape depth and size
like the teeth of an ordinary circular saw and also in their relative position to one
another on the periphery according to the work or purpose for which they are
designed respectively. Fine smooth work will require fine teeth to do it. Wood
requires larger sections and sub-teeth than metal. Also a circular or rotatory saw
or saw knife made to cut deal boards or other boards or timber with smooth sides
or edges so as to lessen the amount of planing required or possibly to dispense
with it altogether will have a toothed section or toothed sections alternating with
one or more sections with either plain, serrated or reversely toothed and swaged

page_text: knife edge or edges. Where only one plain section alternates with a toothed section
then the outer edge of the plain section may be grooved and turned out on each
side and swaged from the centre instead of on one side only see efgh Fig. P 3
for illustration of this form of construction. When one of these plain swaged knife
edged sections alternate with toothed sections for the purpose of smoothing the
sides of the kerf made by the sawing action of the rotating toothed sections 1 put
one or more slits or dividing slots or gates in the untoothed section or in the part
of the section left untoothed so as to allow of the parts of the knife section thus
divided being slightly bent alternately from side to side in order that this plain
knife section may act on both sides of the kerf at the same time. See cc c
P2. a M3bb E 4 for illustrations.
In circular saws as ordinarily constructed all the points of the teeth when
theoretically correct touch or end in the same circumferential line as radii of a
circle common to all whereas in these circular or rotatory saws or saw knives the
cutting points or working face of a section forms a segment or curve or segments
or curves of one or more circles distinct in diameter and position from the
circumferential line supposed to be touched by the highest points or tops of these
toothed sections or projections which constitute the cutting parts of these circular
or rotatory saws or saw knives.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is
1. Making circular or rotatory saws or saw knives with the steel for the cutting
edge protected up to grinding stage by covering of milder or commoner metal
L
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
2. A circular or rotatory saw or saw knife with the steel for the cutting side or
sides of harder or better or of both harder and better steel than that which
forms the central part or body of the rotatory saw or saw knife substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated.
3. A. circular or rotatory saw or saw knife, with sections or projections on their
outer edge like the lifting teeth of a cam, these resemblances to the lifting teeth
of a cam being themselves toothed with teeth of suitable size and shape or left
plain or file cut or toothed with teeth reversed in direction from that in which the
ordinary rotatory saw is toothed has specified in this Specification substantially as
herein before described and illustrated in the drawings.
4. A circular or rotatory saw or saw knife with double inclines or curves or
curve and angle on their circumferential outline toothed or untoothed substantially
has hereinbefore described and illustrated.
5. A circular or rotatory saw or saw knife with one or more toothed sections
alternating with one or more plain sections for purposes of smoothing the sides of
the kerf made by the rotating saw in cutting either wood or metal substantially
has hereinbefore described and illustrated.
6. A circular or of rotatory saw or saw knife with the plain or untoothed
sections or portion of the section with dividing slits gates or slots each part thus
divided being swaged on the opposite side to that on which the one immediately
preceeding and following are swaged each division being bent outward alternately
from side to side substantially has hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
drawings.
7. A circular or rotatory saw or saw knife with the cam or star like teeth or
sections with swaged or knife edges, file cut or reversely toothed substantially as
hereinbefore described & illustrated.
Dated this 17th day of February 1891.
HENRY MELTON MARSDEN.