Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 12th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 4th Feb.,
1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for Velocipedes and other
Vehicles.
I, JAMES WILLIAM SMALLMAN, of 61, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention consists of improvements in pneumatic tyres for velocipedes and
other vehicles.
In carrying out my invention, I prefer to employ an endless band made of
caoutchouc and cloth and moulded in the form of a tubular ring; one margin of
the band lying over the other. The edge of the lower margin is enlarged; a
corresponding enlargement being located at a convenient distance from the edge
of the upper margin. When the tyre is in the rim, the enlarged parts lie close
together in a recess in the bottom of the rim; the valve for effecting inflation and
releasing the compressed air being secured to the upper margin, and projecting
through a hole in the rim.
When the tyre is inflated, the upper margin is pressed against the lower margin;
an air-tight joint resulting. The enlarged parts engage with the shoulders at the
bottom of the rim and thereby limit the expansion of the tubular band.
The band may be lined with a puncture-closing substance. The surfaces of the
margins which are in contact may also be lined with unvulcanized or spongy
caoutchouc.
Instead, however, of using a single band, two bands may be employed. The
outer band would then have enlarged edges for engaging with the shoulders at the
bottom of the rim; the inner band lying between the enlarged edges and having
lateral flaps projecting over the margins of the outer band. The valve would be
secured to the inner band.
Dated the 11th day of February 1892.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for Velocipedes and other
Vehicles.
I, JAMES WILLiam Smallman, of 61, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention consists of improvements in pneumatic tyres for velocipedes and
other vehicles.

page_text: of the margin C is enlarged; a corresponding enlargement being located at a
convenient distance from the edge of the margin B. When the tyre is in the
rim F (Figs. 1 and 2), the enlarged parts lie close together in a recess in the
bottom of the rim; the valve-tube D (containing the valve for effecting inflation
and releasing the compressed air) being secured to the margin B. In the modified
rim G (Fig. 3), the shoulders are made by bending over the margins of the rim.
When the tyre is inflated, the margin B is pressed against the margin C; an
air-tight joint resulting. The enlarged parts of the margins B and C engage with
the shoulders of the rim F or G, and thereby limit the expansion of the tubular
band A B C.
In Fig. 2, the tyre has been punctured, and a patch O stuck over the aperture N.
The band can be easily opened to enable the patch to be applied. The tyre may
be inflated immediately, because the pressure of the compressed air tend to holds
the patch on.
The band may be lined with a puncture-closing substance E, as indicated in
Figs. 4 and 5. The surfaces of the margins which are in contact may also be
lined with unvulcanized or spongy caoutchouc.
Instead of using a single band A B C, two bands AHK and L M may be
employed. The band A. H K has enlargements for engaging with the shoulders of
the rim G, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The rim F (Figs. 1 and 2) may, however,
be used, if preferred. The band L M lies between the margins of the band A H K;
its lateral flaps L and M projecting over the margins H and K. The valve-tube D
containing the valve is secured to the band L M. The pressure of the compressed
air forces the flap L against the margin H and the flap M against the margin K ;
the enlargements of the band A H K engaging with the rim and limiting the
expansion of the tyre.
In Figs. 6 and 7, the flaps Land M lie on the bottom of the rim J under the
margins Hand K. Consequently, the margin H is forced against the flap L and
the margin K against the flap M.
Although I prefer to make the tyre as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 or 4 to 7, yet I
do not limit myself to the precise constructions shown in those figures, because
various modifications may be effected without departing from the nature of my
invention. For instance, a tubular band A PQ may be arranged in the rim as
illustrated in Figs. 8 aud 9; this band having each of its margins P and Q forced
by the direct pressure of the compressed air against the bottom of the rim Ğ. The
heads of the spokes R lie under the margins P and Q, so that no air can escape past.
the holes in the rim. The valve-tube may be secured to a nozzle S. Or, the
valve may be mounted in a metal valve-tube or casing attached to the rim ; an
inflator with a flexible connecting tube being used. Or, a valve-tube of caoutchouc
containing a valve and furnished with an annular flap may be cemented in a nozzle
in the rim. Moreover, the band may be wired on the rim. Or, it may be secured
by spaced fastenings, and the margins may interlock. Or, the edges of the band
may be laced together, and the cloth or canvas may be on the bias so as to cause
the tyre to tighten on the rim while being inflated.
My present invention dispenses with the separate air-tube, so troublesome to
repair, of other pneumatic tyres.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim :-
1. A pneumatic tyre for velocipedes and other vehicles constructed substantially
as herein described.
2. A pneumatic tyre for velocipedes and other vehicles substantially as described
with reference to Figs. 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings.
3. A tyre for velocipedes and other vehicles consisting of a band engaging with
the rim and containing compressed air kept in the band by the pressure of that air
on the margins of the band, substantially as herein described.
4. A pneumatic tyre consisting of a band, one margin whereof lies over the other

page_text: margin in order to form an air-tight joint and allow access to the interior of the
tyre, substantially as herein described.
5. In a pneumatic tyre consisting of a band having one margin lying over the
other margin, securing the valve-tube and valve to the upper margin.
6. In a pneumatic tyre consisting of a band A B C, the combination, with
the margin B, of the margin C, substantially as and for the purposes herein set
forth.
7. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination, with a band A B C having margins
adapted to make an air-tight joint, of a rim having shoulders with which the band
engages, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
8. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination, with a band A B C, having margins B
and C, and a valve-tube D and valve secured to the margin B, of a rim having
shoulders with which the band engages, substantially as and for the purposes herein
set forth.
9. A pneumatic tyre for velocipedes and other vehicles substantially as described
with reference to Figs. 4 to 7 of the accompanying drawings.
10. A pneumatic tyre consisting of two bands, the margins or flaps of one band
lying over the flaps or margins of the other band in order to form air-tight joints
and allow access to the interior of the tyre, substantially as herein described.
11. In a pneumatic tyre consisting of two bands, the margins or flaps of one
band lying over the flaps or margins of the other band, securing the valve-tube to
the inner band.
12. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination, with a band A H K, of a band L M,
substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
13. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination, with bands AHK and L M, of a
rim having shoulders with which the band A H K engages, substantially as and
for the purposes herein set forth.
14. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination, with a band AHK, a band LM,
and a valve-tube D and valve secured to the band L M, of a rim having shoulders
with which the band A H K engages, substantially as and for the purposes
herein set forth.
15. A pneumatic tyre for velocipedes and other vehicles substantially as
described with reference to Figs. 8 and 9 of the accompanying drawings.
16. In a pneumatic, the combination, with a band APQ having margins P and Q
which form air-tight joints against the bottom of the rim, of a rim having
shoulders wherewith the band engages, substantially as and for the purposes herein
set forth.
Dated the 3rd day of November 1892.