IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LEAD, TIN, AND OTHER METALS, OR AMALGAMATION OF METALS OF A LIKE NATURE, FUSIBLE AT A LOW TEMPERATURE, INTO SHEETS OF ANY THICKNESS OR LENGTH, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jabez Jones, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Lead Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF LEAD, TIN, AND OTHER METALS, OR AMALGAMATION OF METALS OF A LIKE
NATURE, FUSIBLE AT A LOW TEMPERATURE, INTO SHEETS OF ANY THICKNESS OR
LENGTH, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
Sealed the 20th June 1862, and dated the 26th December 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jabez Jones at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
December 1861.
I, JABEZ JONES, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Lead Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF LEAD, TIN, AND OTHER METALS, OR AMALGAMATION OF METALS
OF A LIKE NATURE, FUSIBLE AT A LOW TEMPERATURE, INTO SHEETS OF ANY THICKNESS
OR LENGTH, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows
(that is to say):-
This Invention consists of an improved system for the manufacture of sheets
of lead, tin, and other metals, or amalgamation of metals of a like nature, fusible
at a low temperature, whereby the sheets can be made of any required thick-
ness or length, direct from the metal, or amalgamation of metals, when in a

page_text: state of fusion, thereby cutirely dispensing with the use of rollers, as now
commonly practised, and consists of a stout cylinder of iron or other suitable
metal heated by surrounding the external vertical side thereof with a fire, or in
any other convenient way. This cylinder, which is used to contain the molten
metal to be converted into sheets, is placed immediately above an hydraulic
press, the head of the ram of which forms a piston working within the cylinder,
which is used to force out the metal through a die or dies fitted on to the top
of the cylinder. These dies may be kept cool by a current or currents of
water passing through internal passages formed through them. The sheet or
sheets of metal as ejected arè received on rollers, and are immediately ready
The metal for supplying the cylinder described is first melted in a
suitable vessel placed above the cylinder and communicating therewith by a
pipe which is kept heated to cause the metal to flow freely through it. After
the piston has forced out the charge contained in the cylinder through the
dies, a valve is opened which admits a fresh charge of molten metal from the
supply vessel during the down stroke of the ram, which is again ejected at the
upstroke of the ram, as before, and so on until the sheet or sheets have
acquired the required length.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Jabez Jones in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th June 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JABEZ
JONES, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Lead Merchant, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Jabez Jones, Her special licence that I, the said Jabez Jones,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Jabez Jones, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN

page_text: THE MANUFACTURE OF LEAD, TIN, AND OTHER METALS, OR AMALGAMATION OF METALS
OF A LIKE NATURE, FUSIBLE AT A LOW TEMPERATURE, INTO SHEETS OF ANY THICK-
NESS OR LENGTH, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Jabez Jones, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jabez Jones, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say) :-
This my said Invention consists of an improved system for the manufacture
of sheets of lead, tin, and other metals, or amalgamation of metals of a like
nature, fusible at a low temperature, whereby the sheets can be made of any
required thickness or length direct from the metal, or amalgamation of metals,
when in a state of fusion, thereby entirely dispensing with the use of rollers,
as now commonly practised.
The apparatus consists of a stout cylinder of iron or other suitable metal
heated by surrounding the external vertical side thereof with a fire, or in any
other convenient way. This vessel, which is used to contain the molten metal
to be converted into sheets, is placed immediately above an hydraulic press,
the head of the ram of which forms a piston working within the cylinder,
which is used to force out the metal through a die or dies fitted on to the top
of the cylinder. These dies may be kept cool by a current or currents of water
passing through internal passages formed through them. The sheet or sheets
of metal as ejected are received on rollers, and are immediately ready for use.
The metal for supplying the cylinder described I first melt in a suitable vessel,
which I place above the cylinder and communicate therewith by a pipe, which
is kept heated to cause the metal to flow freely through it. After the piston
has forced out the charge contained in the cylinder through the dies, a valve is
opened, which admits a fresh charge of molten metal from the supply vessel
during the down stroke of the ram, which is again forced out through the
forming dies at the upstroke of the ram, as before, and so on until the sheet
or sheets have acquired the required length.
That this my said Invention may be the more readily seen and understood,
I have hereunto annexed Drawings in illustration of so much of one modification

page_text: of my machine as is requisite to explain the practical application of my
improvement, the apparatus being shown adjusted so as to produce seven
sheets of metal at one time. Like letters and figures marked thereon have
-reference to similar parts of my apparatus.
Figure 1 is a plan, and Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the
same; Figure 3 is a transverse vertical section; Figure 4 is an horizontal
section taken from a to b, Figures 2 & 3.
A is a heated vessel for containing the liquid metal to be converted into
sheets, and in which works B, a piston actuated by an hydraulic press, placed
immediately below; C, an enclosed fire-grate surrounding the apparatus for
heating and retaining it at a sufficiently high temperature to keep the metal
contained therein in a fluid state; D, a valve plug, for closing the orifice
used to charge the apparatus with the molten metal, or amalgamation
of metals, to be converted into sheets; E, the die plates, between the
bars of which the metal is forced by the upward action of the piston (B),
the metal becoming solid immediately on coming into contact with the air
where it is received on rollers, or in any other convenient way. In some cases,
to facilitate the cooling of the sheets of metal, I propose to form the bars of
the die plates hollow, and cause a current of cold air or water to pass through
them, and in some cases I pass a blast of cold air over the die plate, and between
the sheets of metal as they are delivered from the die. F, stout transverse
bars of metal bolted to the head of the apparatus for holding the die plates (E)
in position; G, screws for regulating the distance between the die bars,
which govern the thickness of the sheets to be produced; H, the bed plate,
upon which the upper portion of the apparatus rests, and which forms the
head of the hydraulic press; I, one of the pillars of the hydraulic press
(shown broken off).
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of this my said
Invention, and how I believe the same may be best carried into practical effect,
I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details,
dimensions, or relative proportions of the apparatus herein-before described
and set forth, as it will be readily seen that the same may be considerably
varied without departing from the Invention; but what I do claim is,
First, the manufacture of lead, tin, and other metals, or amalgamation of
metals of a like nature, into sheets of any required length or thickness, direct
from the metal when in a state of fusion, by forcing it through dies, substantially
and in the manner herein-before described and set forth, or any mere
modification of the same.

page_text: And, lastly, the peculiar arrangement and combination of the several parts
of the apparatus, substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein-before
described and set forth, or any mere modification of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jabez Jones, have hereunto set my hand
and affixed my seal, this Twenty-fifth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
WILLIAM WALKER,
Of 44, Castle Street,
Liverpool.
JABEZ (L.s.) JONES.