Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Aug., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 1st June, 1896-Accepted, 8th Aug., 1896
I, LOUIS VICTOR THOMAS, of 21 Boulevard Poissonnière, Paris, in the
Republic of France, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in oil lamps burning with an incandescent
light.
A lamp constructed according to my invention is provided with a burner for
volatilizing the oil and mixing the vapour with air so as to produce a blue flame
burning at a high temperature and capable of rendering a mantle or like body
incandescent as has been effected hitherto with the gas Bunsen burner.
In one of
According to my invention 1 employ cylindrical wick tubes opening laterally
towards their upper ends into an annular chamber and extending at their lower
ends into a reservoir containing the oil. Wicks in the said tubes cause the oil to
rise by capillary attraction towards the upper ends of these tubes.
these tubes or in the annular chamber one end of a small pipe is fixed. The said
pipe is coiled round the burner proper in which is the aforesaid annular chamber,
descends vertically to the underside of a platinum plate where it is turned up and
projects in the form of a jet through a central opening provided in the said plate.
Into the axis of the burner opens a tube which extends downwardly terminating
at its lower end in a cap, covering the jet, the distance between the lower end of
the cap and the platinum plate being sufficient to allow for the passage of air to
be mixed with the gas which escapes from the jet as hereinafter described. This
distance can be regulated by sliding the cap on the tube. Over the upper end of
the burner is a metal gauze cap-preferably convex or bulged. The burner is
provided with a gallery for carrying the chimney and is surmounted by a mantle
or the like of suitable composition which is rendered incandescent by the heat
from the burner flame. The mantle support may be fixed to the gallery by
clamping the same against a lug or in any other suitable manner.
On the platinum plate is mounted a rod extending outside the gallery and
terminating in an operating key or button carrying at its centre part a small
plate which can be lowered on to the jet for causing the extinguishing of the
burrer.
In order to light the burner the wick tubes are heated for example by a wick
soaked in alcohol and ignited, so as to cause the oil to rise in the said tube &
become volatilized. In a short time enough vapour has been generated to allow
of the said vapour issuing by the jet from the descending pipe to be ignited. The
heat generated warms the annular chamber and the pipe which surrounds it causing
the volatilization of the oil which passes out at once under pressure. The vapour
under pressure takes with it a certain amount of air with which it mixes and is
then burnt above the metal gauze cap with a blue flame which still more highly
heats the chamber and the pipe surrounding it on the outside: in this pipe the
complete and absolute volatilization of the oil is secured. The heat from the
flame is such that the mantle is at once brought to a state of incandescence
producing a white light of very considerable illuminating power. The lamp is
extinguished by merely lowering the plate on to the jet as already described.
In another arrangement according to my invention the wick tubes opening
upwardly into the annular chamber and extending downwardly into the oil
reservoir are again employed, as well as the burner with perforated top, the suall

page_text: pipe and descending pipe to the jet or nozzle but the pipe in which the oil is
volatilized instead of surrounding the burner as herein before described is
surmounted by a chamber which being placed in the midst of the flame secures
the volatilization of the oil, a small pipe descends from this chamber terminating
at its other end in the nozzle or jet. In all other respects the parts are similar to
those already described.
On the gallery a sleeve opening longitudinally on the side of the wick tubes is
provided in which by means of a button or key a tube enclosing a wick which
may be impregnated with alcohol may be operated, constituting a preliminary
heating device.
I do not limit myself to the precise forms or dimensions of the burners which
I have described, not to the metal of which the various parts are constructed, and
it will be understood that the lamp may be of any desired form and constructed of
any suitable material.
Dated this 31st day of August 1895.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in Incandescent Oil Lamps.
I, LOUIS VICTOR THOMAS, of 21 Boulevard Poissonnière, Paris, in the
Republic of France, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to improvements in oil lamps burning with an incandescent
light. A lamp constructed according to my invention is provided with a burner
for volatilizing the oil and mixing the vapour with air so as to produce a blue
flame, burning at a high temperature, and capable of rendering a refractory
mantle or like body incandescent, as has been effected hitherto with the Bunsen
gas burner.
And in order that the said invention may be fully understood I will now proceed
to describe the same with the aid of the accompanying sheet of drawings in which
Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation of a lamp constructed in accordance with
my invention, Figure 2 a vertical sectional elevation of same taken in a plane at
right angles to Figure 1, Figure 3 a sectional plan taken on the line 3-3 of
Figure 1, and Figure 4 a sectional plan taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 2.
も
A A are cylindrical wick tubes, opening laterally at their upper ends into an
annular chamber B, and extending at their lower ends into a reservoir C containing
the oil to be burnt. Wicks A and A¹ in the said tubes cause the oil to rise by
capillary attraction towards the upper ends thereof. Into the chamber B, or into
one of the wick tubes A or A¹ if preferred, is fixed one end of a small pipe b.
The said pipe & may either be coiled in a downward direction round the burner
containing the annular chamber B, as shown by dotted lines in Figure 2, or be
carried more or less directly downwards, as shown by full lines in Figure 1, to the
underside of a plate P where it is turned up and projects, in the form of a jet b',
through a central opening & 2 provided in the said plate. In the axis of the burner
is a tube d which extends downwardly and carries at its lower end a cap d2
standing a short distance above the jet b', the distance between the lower end of
the cap d2 and the plate P being sufficient to allow of the passage of air to the
jet b', to be mixed with the gas or vapour issuing from the latter. The opening
between the lower edge of the cap d2 and the plate P may be covered with a
perforated plate or wire gauze c¹ to prevent draughts of air reaching the burner
Hame. The distance between the cap d2 and the plate P can be regulated by

page_text: sliding the cap up or down on the tube d. Over the upper end of the burner is
a cap c of perforated metal or wire gauze, of conical, convex, or bulged shape.
The burner is provided with a gallery E for carrying the chimney E', and is
surmounted by a refractory mantle F, or other like body of suitable composition,
which is rendered incandescent by the heat from the burner flame. The mantle
support g may be fixed to the gallery E by clamping it to a lug o, or otherwise.
On the plate P is mounted an axis p pivotted in bearings pl and extending at
one end outside the gallery where it terminates in an operating handle or button p 2.
The axis P carries a small flap p3 which can be turned down by the said axis over
the jet in order to extinguish the lamp, or in the opposite direction, so as to
uncover the jet b' to enable the vapour or gas issuing from the latter to be
lighted.
In order to light the burner the wick tubes A A' are heated, for example, by a
wick soaked in alcohol and ignited, this causes the oil to rise in the said tubes
into the chamber B, and to become volatilized therein. In a short time enough
vapour has been generated to allow of the said vapour passing down the pipe b and
issuing at the jet b₁ where it is ignited. The heat thus generated warms the
annular chamber B and the parts surrounding it, causing the volatilization of the
oil delivered thereto by the wicks. The vapour issues from the jet b' under
pressure and draws in through the opening between the cap d2 and the plate P
a proper quantity of atmospheric air with which it mixes, and it is then burnt above
the perforated or wire gauze cap c with a blue flame, which still more highly
heats the chamber B and the pipe b in which latter the complete and absolute
volatilization of the oil is secured. The heat from the flame is such that the
mantle F is at once heated to incandescence thereby producing a white light of
very considerable illuminating power. The lamp may be extinguished by merely
lowering the flap p 3 on to the jet b¹ as already described.
The chamber B is preferably formed of the inner tube d and an outer and shorter
tube d of somewhat larger diameter, the two being brazed together at x x1
(Figure 1). It will be understood that when the pressure of the vapour issuing
from the jet breaches a certain degree the said vapour ceases to burn at the jet b
and burns only above the perforated or gauze cap c.
In another arrangement according to my invention the wick tubes A A' opening
at their upper ends into the annular chamber B, and extending downwardly into
the oil reservoir c are again employed, as well as the burner with the perforated
or wire gauze top c, the small pipe and descending pipe to the jet or nozzle, but
the pipe in which the oil is volatilized instead of surrounding the burner, as
hereinbefore described, is surmounted by a chamber, which being placed in the
midst of the flame secures the volatilization of the oil, a small pipe descends from
this chamber terminating at its other end in the nozzle or jet. In all other respects
the parts are similar to those already described.
On the gallery E may be provided a sleeve opening longitudinally on the side
of the wick tubes A A¹ in which a tube enclosing a wick, that may be
impregnated with alcohol, may be operated by means of a button or key, so
as to constitute a preliminary heating device for heating the aforesaid wick
tubes.
I desire to have it understood that I do not limit myself to the particular forms
of the parts hereinbefore described and shown in the drawings, or to any particular
materials for the construction thereof, as these may be varied according to
circumstances without departing from the nature of my invention. Also that the
term oil berein employed is intended to include generally any hydrocarbon liquid
or spirit which is suitable for use in the apparatus described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
ion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
laim is
First. An incandescent oil lamp provided with means for raising the oil by

page_text: capillary attraction from a reservoir, means for volatilizing the oil so raised,
means for mixing the vapour thus produced with atmospheric air, and means for
burning the mixture of vapour and air in such manner as to render a refractory
mantle or like body incandescent, substantially as described.
Second. In an incandescent oil lamp a burner consisting of wick tubes A A', a
volatilizing chamber B, a vapour tube 6 with jet b' a perforated cap c, and a
plate P, and cap d 2 with or without a perforated plate or wire gauze c' surrounding
the opening between the said plate P and cap d2, combined, arranged, and
operating substantially as described with reference the accompanying
drawings.
to
Third. In an incandescent oil lamp the construction of the annular oil volatilizing
chamber of an inner and an outer tube d d brazed together, substantially as
described with reference to Figure 1 of the drawings.
Fourth. The general arrangement and construction of an oil lamp whereby the
combustion of oil vapour is caused to heat a refractory mantle or other like body
to incandescence, substantially as described.
UL
L. V. THOMAS,
Per W. H Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.
L. V. THOMAS,
Per W. H Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.