Improvements in Refrigerators.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Feb., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 29th Oct., 1806-Accepted, 5th Dec.. 1896
Improvements in Refrigerators.
I, LEO BAHR, of 104, Grunewald Strasse, Schöneberg, near Berlin, in the
German Empire, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved refrigerator in which fresh air enters the
upper part of the ice chamber or box at the back of the refrigerator and comes in
contact with the ice so that it is cooled and caused to sink to the bottom of the cooling
chamber. From here the cooled air passes to the front end of the chamber and in
doing so flows round the material or substances to be cooled whereby it receives
heat from the same and is caused to gradually rise towards the top of the
refrigerator. Underneath the top of the refrigerator or cooling chamber the air
flows through a passage, which inclines from the front to the back of the said
chamber, over the layer of ice without however again coming in contact with the
same; it then flows behind the ice through a shaft or passage separated from the
same by a partition, sinks down and is allowed to flow out of the chamber.
The water formed by the ice in melting drips into a gutter from which it passes
to the above described passage and flows away with the air.
According to my invention the refrigerator or cooling chamber which is more
particularly adapted for storing meat and other substances which easily become
fainted, and which is advantageously formed in the cellar of a house but may be
arranged in any other suitable position, is formed of a box like chamber. The
walls of this chamber are hollow and advantageously made of wood. The space
in the walls is left empty, that is to say, only contains air.
In order to ensure that the outer air shall not enter the refrigerator through the
hollow walls of the same the outer walls are covered on the inside with leather
board or the like. If desired the inner walls can for greater security be provided
with a similar layer of leather board or the like on their outer surfaces, that is to
say, on the surfaces which are opposite to the outer walls.
The ice box or chamber is situated at one end of the refrigerator and is formed
of a corrugated vertical plate, a vertical grating preferably made of hoop-iron and
a corrugated plate inclined from front to back.
To prevent the corrugations of the plates from being filled and stopped up both
the corrugated plates are provided with wooden lattice-work so that the ice cannot
come in direct contact with the same. A partition or false top stretches from the
top end of the grating over the ice chamber and over the upper end of the vertical
corrugated plate and reaches nearly to the front wall of the refrigerator the said
partition inclining slightly upwards from the grating towards the said wall. The
partition is separated from the top of the refrigerator so that a narrow passage is
formed between the top and the partition. This passage is in connection with the
cooling chamber at the front and with a shaft or passage at the back, which
passage passes behind the ice chamber and downwards to the floor of the apparatus
and thence into the atmosphere through a suitable opening.
The water formed by the melting ice flows down the inclined corrugated plate
into a gutter which communicates with the passage behind the ice box by means
of a suitable pipe or tube so that the said water drops on to the bottom of the
passage, which bottom is inclined towards the exterior, whereby the water flows

page_text: down the bottom and escapes through a suitable opening and takes with it a
portion of the nir in the passage.
A pipe or passage lends from the outside into the ice chamber above the ice
Inyer through which passage fresh air can continuously enter the refrigerator from
the outside. This fresh air, which in spite of the lower temperature prevalent in
the ice chamber, flows directly on to the layer of ice, is cooled and sinks in
consequence through the layer of ice downwards. The cooled air then flows slowly
forwards, is warmed slightly by contact with the substances to be cooled and flowa
upwards into the passage at the top of the chamber, back and over the ice chamber
into the shaft or passage behind the ice box and downwards, from which passage it
flows to the outside with the water from the melted icc.
The flow of the air through the passages is assisted by forming the part of the
partition above the ice chamber of sheet metal wherchy it is always kept cold by
the ice so that the corresponding part of the top passage is also kept cooled. The
temperature of this passage is therefore much lower nt the back end than at the
front end and consequently the air is sucked from the front to tho back. As
the front wall of the passage behind the ice box is also preferably forined of sheet
metal and is directly cooled by the cold air coming from the ice chamber it follows
that the temperature of this passage or shaft is correspondingly low and tends to
suck the air from the top passage.
In this manner the cooling chamber is kept constantly supplied with fresh cooled
air whilst the air which is warmed and tainted is conducted away without again
coming in contact with the ice so that it cannot melt the latter nor can it com-
municate to it any impurities which would be the case were it to come in direct
contact with the same.
To enable the refrigerator to be entered the front of the same is provided with
a deor a small door is provided to enable ice to be placed in the ice chamber and
a window is provided for lighting the apparatus.
Dated the 29th February 1896
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
erators.
1, LEO Bann, of 104, Grunewald Strasse, Schöneberg, near Berlin, in the
German Empire, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
nud in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved refrigerator in which fresh air enters the
upper part of the ice chamber or box at the back of the refrigerator and comes in
contact with the ice so that it is cooled and caused to sink to the bottom of the
cooling chamber. From here the cooled air passes to the front end of the chamber
and in doing so flows round the material or substances to be cooled whereby it
receives heat from the same and is caused to gradually rise towards the top of the
refrigerator. Underneath the top of the refrigerator or cooling chamber the air
flows through a passage, which inclines from the frout to the back of the said
chamber, over the layer of ice without however again coming in contact with the
same; it then flows behind the ice through a shatt or passage separated from the
same by a partition, sinks down and is allowed to flow out of the chamber.
The water formed by the ice in melting drips into a gutter from which it passes
to the above described passage anal flows away with the air.

page_text: To enable my invention to be fully understool I will describe it by reference to
the accompanying drawing, in which-
Figure is a longitudinal section of a refrigerator constructed according to my
invention, the section being taken on the line G-H Figure 2:
Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same on the line A-B Figure 1:
Figure 3 is a horizontal section on the line C-D Figure 1.1
Similar letters of reference indicate the same or corresponding parts in the
several figures.
The refrigerator or cooling chamber, which is more particularly adapted for
storing meat and other substances that easily become tainted, and which is
advantageously formed in the cellar of a house but may be arranged in any other
suitable position, is formed of a box like chamber. The walls of this chamber
are hollow and advantageously made of wood. The space in the walls is left
empty, that is to say, it only contains air.
In order to ensure that the outer air shall not enter the refrigerator through the
hollow walls of the same, the outer walls a are covered on the inside with leather
board or the like. If desired the inner walls al can, for greater security, be
provided with a similar layer of leather board or the like on their outer surfaces,
that is to say, on the surfaces which are opposite to the outer walls a.
The ice box or chamber is situated at one end of the refrigerator (in Figure 1
it is shewn at the right of the figure) and is formed of a corrugated vertical
plate e, a vertical grating d, preferably made of hoop-iron, and a corrugated plate if
inclined from front to back.
To prevent the corrugations of the plates from being filled and stopped up,
both the corrugated plates e are provided with wooden lattice-work y so that
the ice cannot come in direct contact with the same. A partition or false top
stretches from the top end of the grating d over the ice chamber and over the
upper end of the vertical corrugated plate e and reaches nearly to the front
wall of the refrigerator, the said partition inclining slightly upwards from the
grating d towards the said wall. The partition is separated from the top i
of the refrigerator so that a narrow passage is formed between the said top i
and partition. This passage k is in connection with the cooling chamber at
the front and with a shaft or passage r at the back, which passage passes behind
the ice chamber and downwards to the floor of the apparatus and communicates
with the atmosphere through the opening (see Figure 2).
The water formed by the melting ice flows down the inclined corrugated
plate into a gutter m which communicates with the passager behind the ice box
by means of a pipe or tubes so that the said water drops on to the bottom t of
the shaft or passage r, which bottom is inclined towards the exterior, whereby the
water flows down the bottom and escapes through the opening and takes with
it part of the air in the passage r.
A pipe or passage g leads from the outside into the ice chamber above the ice
layer, through which passage fresh air can continuously enter the refrigerator from
the outside. This fresh air, which in spite of the lower temperature prevalent in
the ice chamber flows directly on to the layer of ice, is cooled and sinks in
consequence through the layer of ice downwards. The cooled air then flows slowly
forwards, is warmed slightly by contact with the substances to be cooled and flows
upwards into the passage k at the top of the chamber, back and over the ico
chamber into the shaft or passage behind the ice box and downwards, from which
passage it flows to the outside with the water from the melted ice.
The flow of the air through the passages and is assisted by forming the part
of the partition & above the ice chamber of sheet metal whereby it is always kept
cold by the ice so that the corresponding part of the passage & is also kept cooled.
The temperature of this passage k is, therefore, much lower at the back end than
at the front end and consequently the air is sucked from the front to the back.
As the front wall of the shaft or passager behind the ice box is also preferably
formed of sheet metal and is directly cooled by the cold air coming from the ice

page_text: chamber it follows that the temperature of this passage or shaft r is correspondingly
low and tends to suck the air from the passage k.
In this manner the cooling chamber is kept constantly supplied with fresh cooled
air, whilst the air which is warmed and tainted is conducted away without agnin
coming in contact with the ice so that it cannot melt the latter nor can it
communicate to it any impurities which would be the case were it to come in
direct contact with the same.
To enable the refrigerator to be entered the front of the same is provided
with a door n; a small door p is also provided to enable ice to be placed in
the ice chamber and a window o is provided for lighting the apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A refrigerator, for storing ment and other substances which easily decompose,
having a passage passing over and behind the ico chamber which is provided
with an opening for the entrance of air, the said passage communicating at one
end with the top of the refrigerator and at the other end with the exterior so
that it draws the tainted or used up air from the refrigerator and conducts it
outside the apparatus, substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The manufacture and use of the improved refrigerator hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated the 29th day of October 1806.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.