IMPROVEMENTS IN TEMPLES FOR LOOMS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jacob Taylor, of Oldham, in the County of Lan-
caster, Cotton Spinner, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TEMPLES
FOR LOOMS."
Sealed the 13th April 1863, and dated the 15th October 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jacob Taylor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
October 1862.
I, JACOB TAYLOR, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TEMPLES FOR LOOMS," to be as follows:-
I give a to-and-fro motion to revolving combs or teeth working loosely in a
stationary eccentric slot, so that as they revolve they project one after the other
beyond the periphery of the roller which contains them, and thus catch the
fabric as it is woven, and keep it extended to its proper width, and where
necessary, as in woollen fabrics, keep it stretched also in the longitudinal
direction. Each set of combs or teeth after having held the fabric in its
extended position until the succeeding set takes hold recedes one after the
other into their slots or grooves. Or, as a modification thereof I place a ring
with arms or projections working loosely on a roller or shaft, and at the end of

page_text: each arm or projection I bolt or otherwise fix a knife or comb, and cause them
to project beyond the periphery of a shell or case working eccentric to the
said shaft or roller, and come in contact with the fabric alternately as each of
them protrudes or projects beyond the surface of the shell or case, and thus
keep the fabric properly extended.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jacob Taylor. in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th April 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JACOB
TAYLOR, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Jacob Taylor, Her special licence that I, the said Jacob Taylor,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jacob
Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agrec
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter luring the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TEMPLES FOR
Looms," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jacob Taylor, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jacob Taylor, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):
--
I give to-and-fro motion to revolving combs working loosely at one end in
a concentric slot, and at the other end in an eccentric slot, both of which slots
are held stationary in the temple head. As the combs or teeth revolve they

page_text: project one after the other beyond the periphery of the roller which contains
them, and thus catch the fabric as it is woven, and keep it extended to its
proper width, and where necessary, as in woollen fabrics, give it an extra
stretch in the transverse direction. Each set of combs or teeth holds the
fabric in its extended position until the succeeding set takes hold, and all the
combs recede one after the other in the grooves of the roller which contains
them.
These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the figures
and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is an end
elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan, of part of a loom provided with my improved
temples; Fig. 3, a plan of one of the temples detached; Fig. 4, a plan of the
temple with the cover removed; Fig. 5, a longitudinal section of one of the
rollers and combs'; Figs. 6 and 7, end views of the same; Figs. 8 and 9, end
views of the roller only; Fig. 10, a plan of one of the combs; Figs. 11 and 12
are end views of the bosses containing the concentric and eccentric slots in
which the ends of the combs work; and Fig. 13, a plan of a mode of attaching
the temples to wide looms. Figs. 1, 2, and 13 are drawn to a scale of about
one and a half inches to the foot, and the remaining Figures about full
size.
The teeth of the comb are shewn at a, Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 10; they are
fixed in plates 6, fitted in grooves c of the roller d, which has at each end a
pivot e, working in holes f in the bosses g, h, Figs. 4, 5, 11, and 12, held
stationary in the frame i of the temple head, which frame has over it the
cover k, and both frame and cover are fitted to the rod 1, Figs. 1 and 2,
extending across the loom, and supported on rods. m attached to brackets
fixed to the breast beam, the rods m being encircled by springs to resist the
beat-up. The boss g has a concentric slot n, into which is fitted one end of
the plates b, and the .boss h, an eccentric slot o, for containing the other ends
of the said plates, so that as the roller revolves by the passage of the fabric
the plates and teeth at the eccentric end shall project and recede one after the
other in the grooves c of the roller d, so that each set of teeth shall one after
the other enter the fabric and keep it extended to its proper width. The
bottom surfaces of the slots n, o, are formed of a cam shape, as shewn by the
dotted lines p, q, Fig. 5, in order to give lateral movement to the plates 6
when they are projecting and receding in the grooves c. The camp projects.
at the top and the cam 9 at the bottom, so that when the teeth are at the top
the plates will be pushed outwards to their greatest extent, and thereby give
an extra stretch to the fabric, which it is well known is very desirable for

page_text: many descriptions of goods, but when desired the cams are dispensed with,
and the plates project and recede one after the other without any lateral
movement.
In Fig. 13 I represent a mode of attaching the temples to wide looms.
The frame and cover of each temple are held on the rod r, jointed at the end
to the bracket or frame s fixed to the breast beam of the loom, and the rod r
is also supported by a rod t fixed to the brackets, which rod is encircled by a
spring for resisting the pressure of the beat-up. Or I modify the foregoing
arrangement by causing the roller to be turned eccentric to the combs instead
of the combs eccentric with the roller. The combs are each fixed to two rings
or holders working loosely in a circular direction on the shaft of the roller,
and having arms or projections, to which are fixed the plates carrying the
teeth or combs in such manner that the combs shall be concentric with
the axis of the shaft. Each end of the shaft works in a hole in a boss or
collar held fast to the temple head, the periphery of the inner boss
being concentric, and the periphery of the outer boss eccentric with the
axis of the shaft. To the peripheries of these bosses are fitted rings,
having fixed to them as many lags or plates as there are plates carrying
the teeth of the combs, but at such distances apart as to allow the teeth
to pass easily between them. The rings at each end are held to the
shaft by a pin, which is fixed to the shaft, but fitted loose in the ring,
so as not to prevent the eccentric movement. The lags or plates when fixed
to the rings form the shell of a roller having a number of spaces or slots for
the combs to pass through, and as the interior of the outer ring works upon
an eccentric boss that part of the lags or shell of the roller turns eccentric
also. Thus when motion is given to the roller by the onward motion of the
fabric the teeth or combs turn concentric with the shaft, but the lags or shell
of the roller at the eccentric end turn eccentric, and cause the several divisions
to recede one after the other from the combs, and thereby enable the teeth to
lay hold of the fabric and maintain it at its proper width, and if.the.shaft
which carries the holders and combs is acted upon by cams placed laterally
the combs will have a lateral movement, and give an extra stretch to the
fabric.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I claim in temples for looms,―
First, the improved system of causing revolving combs to project one after
the other beyond the periphery of the roller that contains them.

page_text: Secondly, the method of causing the several divisions of the shell of the
roller to recede one after the other from the teeth of the combs.
And, thirdly, the giving lateral movement to the combs when required, as all
such improvements are herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jacob Taylor, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Jacob Taylor, in the
presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
JACOB TAYLOR. (L.S.)