IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODES OF AND APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE SUPPLY OF WATER TO WATERCLOSETS AND OTHER VESSELS." PROAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Basil Ronald, Brassfounder, and John Farmer,
Engineer, both of the City of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODES OF
AND APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE SUPPLY OF WATER TO WATERCLOSETS
AND OTHER VESSELS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Basil Ronald and
John Farmer at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 8th April 1874.
We, BASIL RONALD, Brassfounder, and JOHN FARMER, Engineer, both
of the City of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MODES OF AND APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE SUPPLY OF WATER TO WATER-
CLOSETS AND OTHER VESSELS," to be as follows:-
This said Invention has for its object the better regulating and
measuring of the flushing or other water to or for waterclosets and other

page_text: vessels, whereby a considerable saving in water is effected, and especially
in the construction and arrangement of cisterns and the acting parts
therefor.
The nature and novelty of this said Invention or improvements, first,
as regards one arrangement of parts and cistern particularly for pan.
waterclosets consist in casting the cistern, to be placed above the water-
closet or other vessel into which the water is to be measured in one
piece, with a division across not reaching quite to the top to form two
compartments, the lesser in which the ball float works, and the larger is
the actual measuring chamber containing the quantity of water it is
desired to let down into the closet or vessel below. Through the bottom
of the said measuring chamber the discharge valve seat passes fixed by
a hollow brass coupling neck leading into a chamber below, to which the
top of the escape pipe is coupled, leading direct down to the flushing
branch and spreading "fan" of the basin and closet, on the top of
which seat a simple weighted valve lid works, attached by a loose coupled
rod to one arm of a lever oscillating on a fulcrum near its middle across
the top of the said division of the cistern, and counterweighted to close
or allow this outlet valve to close when left free to act of itself. The
other arm of this lever on the opposite side of the fulcrum works a
similar rod and valve lid attached to it in the float chamber over a valve
seat, with knee branch coupled to and passed through the lower part of
the division plate, having a projection cast on it below, whichi by a flat
part on the flange of this coupling pièce retains it in its vertical position
for the valve to work properly in it and admit the water from the float
chamber into the outlet measuring chamber; when this valve is open,
which it is only after the other escape valve is closed (by reason of the
slotted or loose connection of the rods with their valves), or vice versa,.
when the free end of the lever is pulled down by a wire attached to it
over and outside one end of the cistern, and led down and connected to
the hand rod or lever or other equivalent part for working the pan of
the closet.
:
The main inlet float valve is preferably of the ordinary "Lambert "
„class, from the open bottom of which the water may be admitted into a
loose or removable pipe, or a rhone or spout piece with loose cover
_resting on or attached by a screw and snug on the inner end of the
measuring chamber to conduct the water across the top of this chamber
and the division plate (on which it rests) into the float chamber; or

page_text: '
otherwise the bottom of the inlet valve case might be closed by a plug
or cover and have a largish tube soldered to it to conduct the water to.
the float chamber, all so that at every action of the closet and pulling.
down of the wire and free end of the valve lever the valve in the float.
chamber is first shut and the outlet valve opened so as to discharge the
whole measured contents of the chamber (as two gallons or so) into the
small chamber or large duct below the discharge valve down over the
open mouth of the pipe leading to the closet, except the last portion of:
the water retained in this chamber or duct below the said open end of
the pipe projecting above its bottom, and which escapes slowly through
one or more small holes in the lower part of the projecting neck down
this pipe so as to fill and water-lute or seal the pan after it has been
closed. The action as usual of closing the pan by the said weighted.
lever and moving parts. allows the outlet valve to close first, and then
the valve in the float chamber to open, so that the water escapes out of
this chamber into tlie measuring chamber and opens the float inlet valve
until the water again rises in both chambers to the normal level, when.
the float then shuts the inlet valve all ready for the next action or use
of the watercloset and the improved arrangement of measuring supply
apparatus, which is also fitted with the usual overflow pipe and an air
escape tube when desired.
.
When this water measuring and flushing cistern is used for any hopper
watercloset with discharge plug, or having the improved construction of
syphon or trap overflow and india-rubber ring at discharge throat or
seating, described in the Specifications of the Inventions for which Letters
Patent were granted to the petitioners, No. 89, dated 11th January 1872,
and No. 1676, dated 9th May 1873. The wire leading from the over-
hanging free end of the duplex valve lever is connected to one end of a
lever fulcrummed in the middle part on or near to the plug pipe, the
other front or free end being bent or otherwise shaped so that the first
short part of the motion of lifting the plug by its rod and a lateral stud,
slot, or other equivalent lifts the said free end of the lever sufficient to
close the valve in the float chamber, and also wholly or partially open
the other outlet valve before lifting the plug, which to effect this is
connected to its rod by a slotted or other equivalent coupling piece, with
sliding part and collar or nut at the end (as the valves are) so that the
plug does not lift or open until its rod has moved sufficiently to actuate
the valves in the water cistern above, as described, and vice versa, close
:

page_text: the plug before the valve lever can so act, and close the outlet valve so
as to water-lute the closet and basin. And for the application to this
class of plug waterclosets and these small supply water cisterns a small
open ended stand pipe is set below the open end of the inlet valve up
through the lateral gutter or pipe, and led down and entered into the
lower part of the outlet valve seat below the valve or the neck of a
syphon pipe below its short open end. When applied to a cistern with
syphon discharge pipes, instead of an outlet valve without the said lower
chamber between it and the pipe leading to the basin direct, in this case.
dispensing with that chamber for water-luting the basin in these closets,.
all after the measuring cistern is emptied and the discharge valve and
plug of the closet are closed.. The size of this small pipe in either case
determines the quantity of water which can be so used during the time
the inlet valve is open and refilling the cistern. But when this lower
chamber is used for sealing plug or other discharge valve closets it may
be made longer and have the upper end of the pipe leading to the basin
carried up to the top, and have a hollow dome or open air space formed
above it or in the bottom of the float chamber above this open end, and.
either fitted with a small air pipe or not as required to insure the rapid
flow of the flushing water, and also of a sufficient supply of the water.
afterwards to seal the closet and basin after the plug has been closed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Basil Ronald and John Farmer in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 7th October 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, BASIL
RONALD, Brassfounder, and JOHN FARMER, Engineer, both of the City
of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Basil Ronald and John Farmer,
Her special licence that we, the said Basil Ronald and John Farmer,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said Basil Ronald and John Farmer, our executors, administrators, and

page_text: assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODES OF AND
APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE SUPPLY OF WATER TO WATERCLOSETS AND OTHER
VESSELS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Basil
Ronald and John Farmer, our exccutors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Basil Ronald and John Farmer,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, reference.
being had to the several Figures on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings
which we have hereunto appended for the purpose of showing the best
modes and means we are at present aware of for performing or putting
our Invention into effect or practice, the same reference letters indi-
cating the same or like parts in all the Figures where shown:-
Our said Invention has for its object the better regulating and
measuring of the flushing or other water or liquid to or for waterclosets
or other vessels, and especially in the construction and arrangement of
cisterns and their acting parts, whereby a considerable saving in water is
effected.
Figures 1, 2, and 3 are a longitudinal and a transverse vertical section
and a plan respectively; the former taken on the lines 1-1, and
2-2, in the latter; all of one construction and arrangement of our
improved service flushing cistern A, A', for water closets, or for
supplying a desired regular quantity of water or other liquid at each
action, and of its actuating parts and fittings; especially applicable for
the usual pan closets or for hopper closets with the ordinary water sealed
outlet, syphon, or trap; and Figure 4
C trap; and Figure 4 is a horizontal section
taken on the line 3. - 3, in Figure 1, of the new knee branch a and
valve seat b, and valve 6" forming the water (or other liquid) com-

page_text: munication between the filling or supply compartment A" and tho
flushing or measuring chamber A², and corresponds to that shown in
Figures 1 to 3; while Figure 5 is both a sectional clevation and plan of
a slightly different form or construction of this branch, and valve a, b, b",
from that shown in the other Figures 1 to 4.
"
Referring to these Figures 1, 2, and 3, the nature, novelty, and mode
of performing our said Invention or improvements, as regards this first
modification or construction and arrangement of the parts and fittings of
thic cistern A, A', suitable for the flushing and supply of "
pan water-
closets or other vessels with a measured quantity of water or other
liquid at each action consist all as follows:-In casting or forming the
cistern A, A', (to be placed all as usual above the watercloset or other
vessel, into which the water is to be measured) in one picce with the
partition or division A¹ formed right across and down to the bottom, but
preferably not carried quite to the top so as to form the two compart-
ments A", A², in it. The ball float C₁ of the usual inlet valve C works
preferably in the smaller compartment A" of this cistern, and the
largest compartment A2 is the actual measuring chamber, which is of a
size to contain the quantity of water desired to be let down into the
basin of the closet to flush it, or it might be into any other vessel below
into which the measured quantity of liquid is desired to be delivered.
Through the bottom of the said measuring chamber A³ the ordinary
discharge valve seat B is passed and fixed by the screw nut on its hollow
brass bushing or coupling neck at B¹, leading cither into the small
chamber E, shown in dotted lines on the under side of this chamber, and
to which the top end of the escape pipe F is coupled which leads direct
down to the flushing branch F*, and spreading fan or other equivalent
of the basin Z of a pan closet; or when applied to a hopper closet
with the ordinary discharge trap, the top end of the pipe F may
be jointed direct to the neck B₁ of the discharge valve scat B, in
either case much in the same manner as usual. On the top of this
seat B the simple weighted disc valve lid B works, attached by the
loose coupled rod B¹ to one arm of the lever B², oscillating on a
fulcrum B³ near its middle across the top of the division A¹ of the cistern,
and counterbalanced by the weight B¹ to close or allow this outlet
valve B" to close when left free to act of itself, as shown in Figure. 1,
where the lever rests by its stop heel at B* on the upper edge of the
partition A', and all the parts are in their normal position with the cistern

page_text: full of water all ready for action at any time. On the opposite arm and
side of the fulcrum B of this lever B² a similar rod 6 is jointed at B'
with the valve lid 6 attaclied to and worked by it, in the float chamber A"
over a valve seat 6 with the improved knee or lateral branch a coupled
to and passed through the lower part of the división plate A', so as to
fill the compartment A² from the supply chamber A"; and tlie seat b
might either be raised as shown in Figure 1, or formed on the lateral
branch a as shown in Figure 5, and when desired, as for lead cisterns, it
might have a projection cast on it below at a¹¹¹ to support it, in addition
to the flange a¹ of its coupling piece, the lower part of which is flattened
at a" to fix it in its vertical position for the valve bu to work properly
in it, either with feathers or a central spindle as shown in Figures 4
and 5 respectively. The water from the float chamber A" passes through
the valve and lateral channel 6", b, a, into the outlet measuring
chamber A when the valve bu is open, which it is only after the other
escape valve B, B₁₁, is closed (by reason of the slotted or loose connections
of the lower end of the rods B, 61, with their respective valves B", b¹¹,
or vice versa, when the free end B of the lever B2 is pulled down by
a wire attached to it, over and outside at one end of the cistern, and
led down to the closet with a handle, or connected to the hand rod or
lever or other equivalent part of the mechanism for working the pan of
the closet, so as to be simultaneously worked therewith.
2
The main inlet float valve C is preferably of the ordinary "Lambert"
class, from the open bottom C" of which the water may be admitted into
the loose removable rhone or spout piece c resting on or attached by
a screw or snug at c¹ on the inner end of the measuring chamber A²,
having a loose cover c" resting on the inner sides, and with its open ond
resting in a U shaped recess in the top of the partition A¹, so as to
conduct the water across the top of the chamber A2 and division plate A¹
(on which it rests) into the float chamber A"; or otherwise, the bottom
of the inlet valve case C might be closed by a plug or cover, as shown
at in Figure 8, and have a largish tube C2 soldered to it for con-
ducting the water to the float chamber A" instead of the improved
gutter c; all so that at every action of the closet or pulling down of the
wire and free end B of the valve lever B², the valvo 6 in the float
chamber A is first shut and the outlet valve opened so as to discharge
the whole measured contents of the chamber A² (as say two gallons or
so) into the discharge flushing pipe F when directly connected to the

page_text: valve seat B at B¹, and when fitted with the stand pipe E', as will
herein-after be explained, or into the small chamber E, shown in dotted
lines in Figures 1 and 2 (or larger duct), below the discharge valve
seat B, B¹, down over the open mouth F¹ of the pipe F leading to the
basin or hopper of the closet, all except the last portion of the water
retained in this chamber or duct E¹ below the said open end F of the
pipe F projecting above its bottom, and which portion of water escapes
slowly down through one or more small holes F" in the lower part of
the projecting neck F and down this pipe F, so as to fill and water-lute
or seal the ordinary pan of the basin after it and the valve B, B¹, have
been closed by the letting go of the watercloset handle or that of the
wire and free end B of the valve lever B². The usual action of
closing the pan in connection with or by the said action of the weighted
lever B² and moving slot connection in the weights of the valve
lids B, 6, allows the outlet valve B" to close first, and then the
valve 6" in the float chamber A" to open before the lever comes to rest
on the stop heel B*, with the parts as shown in Figure 1, so that the
water escapes out of this chamber A" into the measuring chamber A³,
which opens the float inlet valve C by the falling of the float and
lever C¹ until the water again rises in both chambers to the normal
'level Z- - l, shown in Figures 1 and 2, when the float C¹ then shuts
the inlet valve C, all ready for the next action and use of flushing
the watercloset. This improved arrangement of measuring supply
cistern and apparatus is also fitted with the usual safety overflow pipe O
and with an air escape and inlet tube E¹ or E" to allow the water to
flow out of the chamber E to seal the pan or basin after the valve B² is
closed; and this tube might also answer as the overflow pipe when
desired.
----
For the application of these improved measuring supply water
cisterns A, A', to this class of discharge pan, plug, or other valve water-
closets, a small open ended stand pipe E¹ is set below the open end C
of the inlet valve C, up through the lateral gutter c (or pipe), and led
down and entered into the lower part B¹ of the outlet valve seat B and
valve B", (or it might be the end of a syphon pipe below its short open
end, when applied to a cistern with syphon discharge pipe instead of an
outlet valve B, B",) all without the use of the said lower chamber E,
and between the valve B, B", and the pipe F, which in either case would
be coupled and led direct to the basin so as to deliver a portion of the

page_text: water coming in by the valve C down into the basin to seal it after the
measuring cistern is emptied and the discharge valve and plug of
the closet are closed, and while the ball float C³ is falling and rising
with the level of the water in the chamber A"; the size of this small
pipe and its position below the delivery end C" of the inlet valve C, in
either case determines the quantity of water which can be so used or
run down to seal the basin during the time the inlet valve is open and
refilling the cistern A, A¹.
To insure the perfect action of the stand tube E¹ we prefer to put it
to the one side of the discharge end C" of the inlet valve C, as shown in
sectional elevation of these parts in Figure .6, so as to allow only
sufficient water to flow down the tube E' to scal the closet while the
valve is open, and also to make sure that the last runnings or drippings
therefrom will fall into the cistern A, A¹, at C to insure the rising of
the ball C' and closing of the valve C, and prevent the possibility of a
slight constant escape down the pipe E¹. Or otherwise to further insure
this the valve C may be fixed at a slight angle vertically and longitu-
dinally in the direction of the action of its ball and lever C' so as to
further insure the last dribblets of supply falling into the supply
cistern A, A', at C¹¹¹, all as shown in the like sectional elevation of these
parts in Figure 7. But when the lower chamber E is used for sealing
large chambered plug or other discharge valve closets it may be made
larger, as shown in the longitudinal and transverse sections 8 and 9,
and have the upper end F¹ of the pipe F leading to the basin carried
up to the top with a hollow dome or recessed air space F³ formed above
it up into the bottom of the float chamber A" above the open end F¹,
and either fitted with the small open air pipe E" or other equivalent
opening as required to insure the rapid flow of the flushing water down
the pipe F, and also of a sufficient supply of the water afterwards
through the small holes F" to seal the closet and basin after the plug
has been closed, all as before described in reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3,
with the smaller chamber E.
.
This modification of our improved service cistern A, A¹, and its con-
struction and arrangement of fittings and their action, Figures 8 and 9,
arc substantially the same as that described in reference to Figures 1
to 3 with the small lower chamber E, with the exception that the
improved lateral duct a is formed or cast up into the lower part of the
chamber A" with the valve seat b fitted tight into its upper inner end,

page_text: and the stand pipe E¹ not being required is dispensed with; and instead
of the improved rhone c, c', shown in Figures 1 to 3 for conveying the
inlet water from the valve C its lower end is plugged at C", and it has
the tube C² with spout C³ led from it to conduct the water across the
partition A¹ into the filling chamber A".
.
Figures 10 and 11 show a plan and sectional elevation of the lower
part of our improved two-chambered supply cistern A, A', with the
improved lateral duct a formed or cast as a small pocket at the bottom
of the partition A'; and fitted with the valve seat 6 through it and close
thereto within the filling chamber A".
Figures 12, 13, and 14 are respectively a longitudinal and a transverse
vertical section and a plan of our improved construction of two-chambered
supply cistern A, A', with a stand pipe E', and having the partition A
placed longitudinally with the two valves B, B, and 6, 6", mounted in
the same chamber A², and the new or improved duct or channel a cast
as a recess up into the solid bottom of one or other of the chambers A"
or A² open below (and cast without a core), and afterwards closed by
screwing and jointing on a sole plate or cover a, the brass seating b of
the valve 6 being inserted and jointed tight in the upper solid part of
the duct a, as shown in the other Figures 8 to 11, the water in this case
flowing up through the valve b, bu, from the chamber A" into A².
Figure 15 is a plan of a similar two-chambered cistern A, A¹, to that
shown in Figures 12 to 14, but with the valve 6, 6" in the chamber A"
and the improved lateral channel a and its valve seat 6 formed and fitted
as in Figures 10 and 11, with the valve lever B² laid at an angle across
the chambers A² and A" and longitudinal partition A¹, to which latter
the fulcrum bracket B8 of the lever is fixed in this case..
1
Figures 16 and 17 are longitudinal and transverse sections of the
lower part of one of these improved two-chambered supply cisterns A, A¹,
showing the improved duct a between the chambers A" and A² formed
without a core down into the solid bottom, open above as a channel and
covered in by the plate a screwed and jointed over it within the
chamber A", and having the valve seat 6 jointed and fitted in.it over the
inner end of the channel a, as in Figures 8 to 15.
Figure 18 is a side elevation of the improved service cistern A, A¹, as
applied to a hopper closet with our said former improved overflow trap,
plug, and its stand pipe D, D', which are shown in section, and having

page_text: the upper end of the flushing water pipe F directly attached to the
neck B¹ of the discharge valve B, B", with our improvements for
automatically giving the after delivery of water for sealing this closet
without the lower small chamber E, herein-before described for that
purpose for pan and other closets.
a and b b in the
Figures 19 and 20 are respectively a vertical section and two
horizontal sections taken on the lines a
former of the improved movable hand spindle D" of the plug D to a
large scale to show the slot d and groove d' in it, which actuates a lever
L, L', for primarily effecting the said after delivery of water to seal the
closet; while Figure 21 is a sectional elevation of a hopper closet with
ordinary discharge plug D, and fixed hand rod D", for effecting the same
purpose by a separate handle D³ if the plug D has not been let down in
time to seal the hopper 1, and trunk 2, after flushing them.
Referring to Figures 18 to 20 when the improved water measuring
and flushing cistern A, A', (described in reference to Figures 1, 2, and
3), is used without the lower chamber E, for any hopper watercloset with
a discharge plug or having the improved construction of syphon or trap
overflow, and india-rubber ring at discharge throat or scating of the
hollow plug D described in the Specifications of the Inventions for which
Letters Patent were granted to us, No. 89, dated 11th January 1872, and
No. 1676, dated 9th May 1873, as shown in Figures 18 to 20, the wire.
leading from the overhanging free end B of the duplex valve lever, B² is
'connected to one end L of a lever L, L', fulèrumed near the middle part
on a snug or other equivalent on or near to the plug pipe D', the other
front or free end L' being bent or otherwise shaped, so that the first
short part of the motion of lifting the. plug D by its rod D", and a
lateral slot d or other equivalent lifts the said free end. L' of this lever
L, L₁, sufficient to close the valve 6" in the float chamber A", and also
wholly or partially open the other outlet valve B" before lifting the plug
.D, which to effect this is connected to its rod D" by a slotted or other
equivalent coupling piece with sliding part and collar or nut at the
lower end D2 (as the valves B" and 6" are) so that the plug D does not
lift or open until its rod D" has moved sufficiently to actuate the valve
lever B2 in the water cistern A, A¹, above, as described, and vice versa,
close the plug D before the valve can so react and close the outlet valve
-B", so as to water-lute the closet and basin with some portion of the
water from the cistern A, A', after the plug is shut down, the end L of

page_text: ULI
W w p
CIUSIDE ΠΟ
plug.
Referring to Figure 21, the lever L, L', in this case is. carried and
works on a stud centre L", over a bracket D¹¹¹, some little distance from
the side of the plug D and its pipe D', and with its free end L' preferably
bent down and working through a slotted hand spindle D³, and a slot in
the pipe D', so that when the plug D is lifted by its handle D", the top
comes in contact with and lifts the bent end L'of the lever L, L', so that
thic arm L pulls down the wire z and lever B³ of the supply cistern
A, A', above so as to flush the closet, and when the person does not let
go the handle L" in time to allow a portion of the measured quantity of
water to seal the basin or hopper 1, and trunk 2, and it is dry he can by
the handle of the slotted spindle D³ raise the free end L of the lever
L, L', and let down sufficient water to seal the closet.
Having thus described and particularly ascertained the nature of our
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, we would observe in conclusion, that what
we consider novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
'secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent
is,-
—
First. The construction and use of two chambered supply cisterns
(A, A',) for flushing waterclosets or delivering a uniform or measured
quantity of water or other liquid down into these or other vessels, with
their parts and fittings in any of the said improved modes, sub-
stantially as herein described and distinguished in reference to and shown
in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The construction and use in supply cisterns (A, A¹,) for
"water closets (and other purposes), with a float supply chamber and
measuring supply chamber of the partition (A'), carried between them
right down to the bottom, with the knee or lateral branch or channel
' (a), with valve (b, 6",) for conducting the liquid from the former to the
latter chamber in any of the new or improved modes, substantially as or
in and for the purposes herein described in reference to and shown in the
accompanying Drawings.
Third. The construction and use of an open mouthed stand pipe (E)
for giving the after supply of water from service cisterns to the basins of
waterclosets to watcr-lute or seal them, substantially as or in the new

page_text: or improved modes herein described in reference to and shown in the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Basil Ronald and John Farmer,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fifth day of
October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-four.
Witness,
W. R. M. THOMSON,
Patent Agent.
Glasgow.
BASIL RONALD. (L.S.)
JOHN FARMER. (L.s.)