matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN SERVICE BOXES FOR FLUSHING CLOSET PANS, URINALS, AND THE LIKE
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Wirth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st December 1879. A communication from
Franz Fried, of Frankfort on the Maine, in the Empire of Germany.
FRANK WIRTH, of the Firm of Wirth and Company, Patent Solicitors, at
Frankfort on the Maine, in the Empire of Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SERVICE
BOXES FOR FLUSHING CLOSET PANS, URINALS, AND THE LIKE." [A communication
from Franz Fried, of Frankfort on the Maine, in the Empire of Germany.]
This Invention relates to service boxes or apparatus for flushing closet pans,
urinals, and the like. The apparatus for this purpose consists of two receptacles,
the upper one supplied with water by a float valve and mounted on an axis so
that it can be canted to deliver its contents rapidly into the other lower receptacle,
which may be in communication with the pan or other object to be flushed, or may
be the pan itself. The float valve for supplying the first receptacle is of the
following construction:-A lever carrying a float is linked to a caoutchouc valve,
which seats against the bottom of a cylinder, and it is also linked to a piston
fitted to work in this cylinder. The supply pipe enters the cylinder between the
valve and the piston which have equal areas, consequently the pressures upwards
and downwards are balanced, and the valve works in obedience to the float. In
the pipe leading to the float valve is fitted a regulating valve which is in like
manner balanced by extending its stem as a plunger working through packing in a
cylindrical cavity where it presents an annular area pressed on by the water in a
direction opposite to that in which the valve is pressed. In order to prevent the
float from descending when the upper receptacle is canted a volute spring on the
axis of the receptacle is brought to bear against and support the float lever.
AN APPARATUS OR APPLI- ANCE TO BE USED IN THE PAINTING, DECORATING, AND RENOVATING OF EDIfices AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES FOR WHICH THE SAID INVENTION IS APPLICABLE
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Waldemar Colding at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th August 1879.
WALDEMAR COLDING, of Canonbury, London, N. " AN APPARATUS OR APPLI-
ANCE TO BE USED IN THE PAINTING, DECORATING, AND RENOVATING OF EDIfices
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES FOR WHICH THE SAID INVENTION IS APPLICABLE."
The apparatus or appliance according to my Invention consists in its essential
features of the following novel arrangement and combination, and for the purposes
hereinafter specified, that is to say-Instead of employing the ordinary
arrangements of ladders and fixed scaffolding, consisting of a series of uprights and
several horizontal stages or platforms, according to the height of the building;
and instead of the suspended adjustable stages or platforms usually employed I
take one or more poles or uprights, which can be put together telescopically, in
lengths or divisions, and upon which the operating platform is free to travel up
and down. The said platform is strong enough to hold two or more persons, who
can carry on the work named in the title of my said Invention with perfect safety,
and who can bring the said platform to the desired altitude by simply pulling
a rope or line attachment working over pulleys connected with the said platform
and the supporting poles or uprights. The apparatus or appliance according to my
Invention can be used alike for the interior as the exterior of edifices, and will
be found of especial advantage in affording a ready and inexpensive means of
access for the renovation of domed and similar structures; and when employed
for the exterior of edifices has the additional advantage of avoiding the well
known dangers arising from the employment of ladders left standing against
premises at night.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CAPS OR PRIMING FOR MINE CARTRIDGES, AND OTHER SIMILAIR PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th September 1879. A communication
from abroad by Eugéne François Désiré Ruggieri, of Paris, in the Republic of
France.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CAPS OR PRIMING FOR MINE CARTRIDGES, AND
OTHER SIMILAIR PURPOSES." A communication from abroad by Eugéne François
Désiré Ruggieri, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
This Invention has for its chief objects the production of a cap or priming, by
means of which the blasting charge of a mine may be exploded without the em-
ployment of a light, and also preventing the projection of flame to the exterior when
the priming is ignited. The Invention is particularly adapted for use in mines
subject to fire damp, but it is also applicable otherwise for blasting purposes, and to
the caps and cartridges used for fire arms.
In carrying out the said Invention as applied to the explosion of cartridges for
blasting purposes the apparatus is constructed in the following manner, viz., a tube
is employed (by preference of copper) one end of which is closed, but formed with a
central orifice for the passage of a rod carrying a serrated extremity for the ignition
of the fulminate by friction. The fulminate is contained within an internal central
tube which is surrounded with a card board tube, the latter being in its turn en-
closed by the external tube before referred to, and the rod of the igniter also passes
through the centre of the fulminate. Within the external tube at its base or
outer end, and between it and the end of the fulminate tube is placed sand stone
powder, pulverized glass, or any other suitable inert matter contained between two
washers of india rubber or other snitable material, the whole forming a tight
joint so as to prevent the egress of flame to the exterior at the time of igniting
the fulminate. The external tube is mounted upon a card-board cylinder, of the
requisite length containing a central quick match.
In carrying out the operations of blasting, the cap thus constructed is fixed at
the entrance of a hole in the mine charged in the ordinary manner, and the rod of
the igniter (which may be operated by means of a cord from a distance) is pulled,
whereby the fulminate is ignited under the action of the serrated extremity of the
rod. The match is thus lighted and projected to the end of the hole in the mine,

page_text: thus exploding the charge of powder, whilst by the mode of maintaining a tight
joint herein before described, any escape of the flame from the ignition of the
fulminate is entirely prevented.
The details of the cap will necessarily be somewhat modified when it is used for
the explosion of cartridges in small arms and ordnance, but the principle and
method of securing a tight joint herein before described are returned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING COTTON AND OTHER FIBRES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Henry Rushton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st January 1879.
THOMAS HENRY RUSHTON, of the Firm of Dobson and Barlow, of Bolton, in the
County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, and JAMES MACQUEEN, of the same Place,
Machinist. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING COTTON AND OTHER
FIBRES."
Our Invention consists in certain improved combinations of machinery for
feeding, combing, detaching, and piecing tufts of fibres to form a fleece of combed
fibres.
On the
Our Invention consists, first, in the use of a pair of nippers for feeding the sheet
from the lap forward to the combing nippers. The feeding nippers are constructed
as follows-The bottom jaw is supported on a fixed centre or otherwise by the
bottom jaw of the combing nippers, and the top jaw is supported on a shaft
carried by the bottom jaw, which shaft forms the joint for both jaws.
hinge shaft is fixed a lever which is brought into contact with a fixed point by
another lever fixed to the same shaft and actuated by a cam. The combing nippers
are made as follows:-The bottom jaw is fixed to a lever loose on a shaft carried
by a bracket fixed to the framing, and the top jaw is fixed to a lever fixed on the
said shaft; the jaws are held together by a spring. The front end of the tuft of
fibres held by the combing nippers is acted upon by a segmental comb fixed to a
shaft. When the front end of the tuft has been combed the combing nippers are
moved sideways to deliver the combed end of the tuft to a second pair of combing
nippers similar to those above described; these second nippers hold the tuft while
When the
the other end is combed by the segmental comb above referred to.
other end of the tuft has been combed the second nippers are moved to bring the
tuft to the detaching plate on which it is held by a holding down plate actuated by
a lever; the tuft is carried forward by a second plate attached to another lever; the
successive tufts are laid on the detaching plate so as to overlap each other and thus
form a continuous fleece.
Our Invention may be modified as follows:-The feeding and combing nippers
and segmental comb are similar to those above referred to, but only the front end
of the tuft is combed by the segmental comb, the tail end of the tuft is combed by
being drawn through a top comb as usual; the detaching apparatus consists of a
pair of nippers hinged to a lever carried on a shaft in the framing, a second lever

page_text: is required to drop on the tuft on the bottom jaw to carry it forward by the receding
action of the bottom jaw; the top jaw of the detaching nippers is held down to
a fixed point by a spring, and the bottom jaw is opened and closed by a cam;
jaws are moved to and from the combing nippers by a cam acting on the lever
-referred-to-
both
IMPROVEMENTS IN BUCKLES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Newbold Eyland, of Walsall, in the County of
Stafford, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BUCKLES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Newbold Eyland
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th August 1879.
CHARLES NEWBOLD EYLAND, of Walsall, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BUCKLES."
This Invention refers to improvements in that class of buckles known as brace
buckles and others consisting of similar parts, and it will be readily understood on
reference to the annexed Drawings, in which (Figure 1) shews a front view and
(Figure 2) a back view of the buckle. (a) is a plate of inetal turned up, as seen at
(b, b.) (c, c) to cover the webbing at (b, b,) and to receive the tongue piece (d, d,)
at (a) The plate (a) is also doubled from the front to the back, as seen at (e,
Figure 2.) (ƒƒ) Figure 1,) are slots cut through the front of the plate (a) to
form housings for the points of the tongue (g, g, g.) so that when passed through
the webb of the brace or other article these points of the tongues lie in the slots (S)
and are therein securely protected.
The plate (a) may, if preferred, be a single piece of metal without turning it up
at the back, with only so much of the side left on as will be sufficient to form the
hinge part for the bar.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Charles Newbold Eyland in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th
February 1880.
+
4
_CHARLES NEWBOLD EYLAND, of Walsall, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BUCKLES."
This Invention refers to improvements in that class of buckles known as "brace
buckles" and others consisting of similar parts, and it will be readily understood on
reference to the annexed Drawings, in which Figure 1 shews a front view and
Figure 2 a back view of the buckle. (a) is a plate of metal turned up, as seen at
(b,.b) (c, c) to cover the webbing at (b, b,) and to receive the tongue piece (d, d,)
at (c, c.) The plate (a) is also doubled from the front to the back, as seen at (e,)
Figure 2. (f) Figure 1, are slots cut through the front of the plate (a) to form
housings for the points of the tongue (g, g, g) so that when passed through the
webb of the brace or other article these points of the tongues lie in the slots (ƒ)
and are therein securely protected.
The plate (a) may, if preferred, be a single piece of metal without turning it up
at the back and with only so much of the sides left on as will be sufficient to form
the hinge part of the bar.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and the manner in which
the same is to be peformed, I claim the improvements in the manufacture of buckles,
substantially as herein more fully set forth and specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Newbold Eyland, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty sixth day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
הזזת UIAT T הדור
TZEND
AN IMPROVED FILTERING BLOCK
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Moss Defries at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th September 1879.
Moss DEFRIES, of the Firm of J. Defries and Sons, of No. 147, Houndsditch, in
the City of London, Manufacturer. "AN IMPROVED FILTERING BLOCK."
My Invention relates to a particular form of filtering block, whereby I am
enabled to ensure that the water passed or drawn through the block shall come as
nearly as possible, equally through every part of it. I thus utilize always, the
whole of the filtering block instead of a section or sections only, as is the case with
the blocks hitherto used, particularly for pocket or portable filters.
I propose to make my improved blocks of as nearly a spherical form as possible,
and to carry the suction tube to the exact centre of this sphere, so that the water
will be drawn from all sides or parts direct to this centre with equal force and the
whole of the ball be always acting as a filter.
In moulding my improved block I now leave a band of the same material
encircling it like a zone, but I prefer to mould the sphere or ball with as few
irregularities or projections upon its surface as may be found possible.
I may make my spherical filter block of any known filtering materials, by
moulding or otherwise, but I give preference as a filtering medium to blocks which
prepare with granulated pumice stone under Letters Patent, No. 1902, A.D. 1879.
My improved form of filtering block will be found particularly convenient for
regimental use in campaigning, and for travellers generally; it may be placed in any
kind of box, vessel, or receptacle, whether of metal, glass, or other material, and be
of any dimensions, the suction tube may be fixed or moveable, and the small tube or
union which enters the ball, and to which the flexible tube is fitted, may be of
glass or any suitable material.
A NEW OR IMPROVED VENT PEG
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Martin Lowenstein at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 30th January 1879.
MARTIN LOWENSTEIN, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturing
Jeweller. "A NEW OR IMPROVED VENT PEG."
My Invention consists of a vent peg, the parts of which are constructed and
arranged in the following manner :-
The lower part of the vent peg which is inserted into the barrel consists of a
small taper metallic tube open at bottom. The top of this tube carries a small
funnel shaped chamber, in the lower part of which is a shoulder constituting a valve
seat.
This funnel shaped chamber has two openings, one below the valve scat and the
other above it.
The lower opening communicates with the atmosphere, and the upper opening is
connected by a small tube with the tube entering the barrel.
Upon the valve seat described a disc or valve of vulcanized india rubber is placed,
and upon the said disc a cruciform piece of thin sheet metal is put, which holds the
disc of india rubber lightly to its seat.
Upon the upturned ends of the arms of this cruciform piece of metal a ring of
india rubber is put, and upon this ring the covering plate of the funnel shaped
chamber is placed. This covering plate is fixed by burnishing or turning the edge
of the chamber upon it.
By the construction and arrangement of parts described the interior of the barrel
is put in communication with the upper part of the conical chamber, the lower part
of the said chamber being in communication with the atmosphere, the two parts of
the chamber being separated by the india rubber disc or valve.
The action of the vent peg is as follows
:-
When by the drawing of liquid from the barrel an exhaustion is produced in the
barrel the air in the upper part of the conical chamber is rarefied and the valve is
raised by the atmospheric pressure in the lower part of the said chamber and air
passes to the barrel.
When however the pressure in the interior of the barrel is
greater than the atmospheric pressure the india rubber valve is pressed to its seat
and the air or gas in the interior of the barrel is prevented from escaping into the
atmosphere.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BALANCING PENDANT LAMPS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Imray at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th September 1879. A communication
from abroad by Ludwig Keyling and Albert Thomas, of the Firm of Keyling
and Thomas, of Berlin, Germany.
JOHN IMRAY, of High Court Chambers, Southampton Buildings, in the County
of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BALANCING PENDANT LAMPS."
[A communication from abroad by Ludwig Keyling and Albert Thomas, of the
Firm of Keyling and Thomas, of Berlin, Germany.]
This Invention relates to apparatus for balancing pendant lamps so that they
can be raised or lowered and held in any desired position without the aid of the
usual counterweights. For this purpose the chains by which the lamp is suspended
pass through holes in a plate and over guide pullies to the periphery of a barrel
containing a volute spring. This barrel is mounted on a vertical axis projecting
upwards from the plate and secured by a rod to the ceiling, the axis being pre-
vented from turning whilst the spring barrel can turn on it. Around the axis
above the barrel is a helical spring butting at one end against a collar on the axis,
and at the other end bearing on the cover of the spring barrel so as to press it
down on a circular lip projecting on the upper side of the plate. The whole
apparatus is concealed from view from below by an ornamental casing of vase like
form secured to the plate. When the lamp is raised the volute spring partly
unwinding causes the barrel to turn partly round, winding the chains on it, and
the friction caused by the pressure of the helical spring prevents the barrel from
unwinding; also when the lamp is lowered, winding further up the volute spring
the friction prevents the barrel from turning back, and thus the lamp is held in
any position to which it may be raised or lowered.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CALCULATING PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Elise Eugénie Sonnet and Pierre
Boissier at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th February
1879.
ELISE EUGENIE SONNET and PIERRE BOISSIER, both of Paris, in the Republic of
France. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CALCULATING PURPOSES."
The Invention consists in the construction of two dials, or series of dials, one
upon which the number named appears immediately, and another where the said
number is added to those which have been named before, this operation being
performed in an automatic and perfectly correct manner.
For turning the dials one or several rows of levers are used, each row arranged
in the shape of a fan and marked with numerals from 1 to 9, while each lever can
be turned separately on its axis. For adding a given number to the sum already
on hand the lever marked with the given figure is turned down by hand, thereby
describing an arc in proportion to the inscribed number and imparting the same
rotary motion to a toothed wheel having the same axis as the fan and gearing into
a wheel of smaller diameter. This wheel being firmly connected with the second
series or addition dials, and with the first series or indicating dials by means of a
ratchet wheel or wheels, sets the dials in motion, and when the lever is turned back
to its original place the addition dials retain their position while the indicating dials
are turned back to zero by a spiral spring. There are as many rows of levers as
there are figures in the numbers to be added, and as many addition dials as there
are figures in the largest sum, Instead of a number of levers in one row a single
lever or sector may be used which is turned through an angle in proportion to the
number to be added, and the apparatus may be made wholly or partially of metal
or other convenient and suitable material.
AN IMPROVED AERATED MEDICINAL BEVERAGE
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sydney Huggett at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th July 1879.
SYDNEY HUGGETT, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. "AN IMPROVED
AERATED MEDICINAL BEVERAGE."
My Invention relates to the manufacture of a new aerated medicinal beverage,
and consists in using salicylic acid and its salts, namely, salicylate of soda, salicylate
of potass, salicylate of ammonia, salicylate of lithire, quinine, and other salicylate
salts. The salicylate acid and its salts as before enumerated is according to my
Invention dissolved, diffused, and mixed with aërated water prepared with carbonic
acid or oxygen gas, by any of the processes already employed in the manufacture
of aerated waters. The proportion of the salicylate salt is about one grain to the
ounce of aërated water.
Salicylate aërated waters manufactured according to my Invention are extremely
efficacious in cases of acute rheumatism, gout, and like maladies, and may be taken
in manner similar to potass, or lithic waters.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING MIXED TISSUES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Autier at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th May 1879. A communication from
Auguste Mauger, Dyer, of No. 40, Rue dn Bac, Paris.
CHARLES AUTIER, Engineer, of 40, Rue du Bac, Paris.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
DYEING MIXED TISSUES." [A communication from Auguste Mauger, Dyer, of
No. 40, Rue du Bac, Paris.]
This process is based upon the decomposition of acetates of iron, copper, chromium,
and alumina.
The tissues are immersed first in a cold bath consisting of one or of a mixture of
the said acetates, according to the shade it is desired to obtain; then I expel the
liquid from the tissues and dry them; and, finally, I introduce them in a boiling
bath composed of coloring matter, such as logwood, fustic, sumach, Brazil wood.
In this manner I obtain at will black, blue (fugitive), and brown colors.
that the cotton takes the dye in the
The principal advantage of this process
same time as the wool.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN LUBRICATORS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th July 1879. A communication
from abroad by Charles Parshall, of Detroit, State of Michigan, United States
of America.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LUBRICATORS." A communication from abroad by Charles Parshall, of
Detroit, State of Michigan, United States of America.
The improvements consist in the construction of lubricators made to feed the oil
supply through a column of transparent liquid located between the oil reservoir
and the point to be lubricated by the combination of an oil reservoir with a
steam pipe conveying steam into the upper end of said reservoir, and an oil pipe,
the inlet opening of which is below the outlet of the steam pipe, whereby a con-
densing chamber is formed in the upper end of the oil reservoir of a transparent
cylinder located below the oil reservoir, and provided with an inverted syphon
pipe which connects with the oil pipe in the oil reservoir, whereby a column of
oil is formed to overcome the gravity of the column of water in the cylinder,
together with an oil and water supply regulating valves arranged to govern the
flow of oil from the oil pipe in the reservoir to the syphon delivery pipe in the
cylinder and the water feeding conduits.
The various parts can be of metal and the transparent cylinder of glass, the
shapes and dimensions of the reservoir and cylinder, as also of the pipes and valves,
may be varied to suit special circumstances.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SPIKES, NAILS, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bradley and George Scarr
Watson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th August
1879.
WILLIAM BRADLEY and GEORGE SCARR WATSON, both of Sheffield, in the County
of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF SPIKES, NAILS, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES."
This Invention relates to the means and apparatus for the manufacture of spikes,
nails and similar articles.
In manufacturing nails (et cetera) according to this Invention bars or strips are
employed, which have been rolled or formed into the shape of a number of finished
nails laid side by side and joined together, so that when severed by the apparatus
hereinafter described the process of manufacture is complete.
The improved apparatus for cutting off the nails consists essentially of two sets
of circular cutters having intermittent rotatory motion in opposite directions, the
said intermittent rotatory motion being obtained by the following or other means,
that is to say,
A ratchet wheel fixed on the shaft of one set of cutters is actuated by a pawle
receiving its motion through an eccentric and rod from the second motion shaft of
the machine; the first set of cutters (actuated as above described) giving motion to
the second set of cutters by means of spur wheels fixed on the shafts thereof.
The circular cutters can have longitudinal grooves into which the projection or
projections on the bar or strip will enter for the purpose of severing the bars with
projections without crushing or otherwise deteriorating the shape of the nails in
the operation of cutting them from the said bar or strip. Guards, stops, or finger
bars can be employed with the circular cutters above and below, or above or below
the centre line of the said cutters, for the purpose of guiding the bar into and
through, and the nails away from, the said cutters, the said stops or guards being
either fixtures or working loose, or being reciprocated as found advisable in
practise.
Our Invention further relates to improvements in or additions to apparatus with
reciprocating cutters (for severing the spikes or nails from specially rolled bars or

page_text: strips), the said improvements consisting of the employment of cutters or stops, or
cutters and stops fitted with springs or balance weights for the purpose of forming
an elastic or yielding bed, against which the spike or nail will be subjected to
pressure for the purpose of being straightened, the said cutter and stops or cutters
or stops being so made, fitted, or actuated as that the spike or nail will fall there-
from after being operated upon.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN SIGNAL BUOYS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th October 1879. A communication
from abroad by Edgar Ebenezer Mann, of Lawrence, in the County of Essex,
and State of Massachusetts, United States of America.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SIGNAL BUOYS." [A communication from abroad by Edgar Ebenezer
Mann, of Lawrence, in the County of Essex, and State of Massachusetts, United
States of America.]
This Invention relates to floating signal buoys, and consists in rendering them
sensitive to the movement of the water in which they float, and when agitated
that they shall. emit noise, and so signal. The improvements are performed by
constructing the buoy hollow, and with internal chambers containing liquid. In
connection with such chambers are air inlets and tubes communicating with a fog
horn or whistle. On the buoy being agitated the enclosed liquid draws the air
from without the buoy and forces it up through the air tubes communicating with
the horn or whistle, which is thereby sounded. The various parts are preferably
made of metal.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF FILTRATION FOR LIQUIDS CONTAINING CARBONIC ACID OR OTHER SORTS OF GAS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th September 1879. A
communication from Charles Ross, of Klein-Flottbeck, Prussia.
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL, Civil Engineer and Patent Agents, in the
City of Hamburg, Germany. "AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF FILTRATION FOR LIQUIDS
CONTAINING CARBONIC ACID OR OTHER SORTS OF GAS." A communication from
Charles Ross, of Klein-Flottbeck, Prussia.
This Invention relates to an improved system of filtration by means of which
liquids containing carbonic acid, or other sorts of gas can be filtered without
separating the gas or parts of the latter from the liquid while passing through the
filter. The common process of filtration hitherto in use has in all cases the effect of
separating the gas contained in a liquid therefrom.
This new process of filtration is carried on as follows; the liquid which has to be
filtered is placed in an airtight vessel which communicates through a pipe or pipes
with a generator producing the same sort of gas as that contained in the liquid.
From this vessel the liquid is led through a pipe or pipes to the filter which is
enclosed in an airtight casing, likewise put in connection with the generator. The
liquid after having passed through the filter runs through a pipe or pipes into an
airtight receiver or vessel which is also connected with and put under pressure of
the gas of the generator. The vessels containing the unfiltered and the filtered
liquid communicate with each other through a pipe by which the pressure in
both vessels is kept on a level (equalised) during the process of filtration.
The before described process of filtration therefore goes on under an adequate
pressure of the same sort of gas as that contained in the liquid, and this outer
pressure prevents a separation of the gas originally contained in the liquid therefrom
during the operation.
IMPROVEMENTS THE HEAD OR STEERING PORTIONS OF BICYCLES AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas James Ashton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd September 1879.
THOMAS JAMES ASHTON, of ork Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Gunmaker. "IMPROVEMENTS THE HEAD OR STEERING PORTIONS OF BICYCLES
AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES,"
My Improvements have for their object the reduction of friction in the working
or wearing parts, and I will describe my Invention as applied to the head or
steering part of a bicycle or velocipede.
Within the top part of the head I let in a suitable bolt or shaft, in the bottom
end of which I sink a conical or concaved hardened recess. On the top of the
axis or centre of the neck part attached to the backbone of the bicycle I form a
corresponding recess, and between these two concaved or conical recesses I insert a
hardened steel ball. In like manner at the bottom end of the axis in centre of
the neck part I form another recess, and through the bottom of the head part
over the wheel I screw or otherwise insert a plug, on the top side of which is.
a corresponding recess to that formed on the bottom of the axis or centre of the
neck, and between these I also place a hardened steel ball; all the parts being
brought in contact by screwing up or advancing the bottom plug, it will be seen
that an almost frictionless bearing is obtained.
In case of the wearing of the parts the bottom plug can be screwed up so as to
bring all the parts together in contact, and thereby adjust the action to any desired
degree.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HEEL, SOLE, AND TOE PLATES FOR BOOTS, SHOES, AND CLOGS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Sidney Crowley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th April 1879.
JOHN SIDNEY CROWLEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HEEL, SOLE, AND TOE PLATES FOR BOOTS, SHOES, AND
CLOGS."
My improvements in heel plates consist in casting or forming a metal plate,
having on the underneath side a series of projections. The spaces between these
projections may be filled with leather, gutta percha, or other suitable material. On
the opposite side I cast or form projections, which are intended to keep the plate in
position and to relieve the strain on the screw or screws which secure the plate to
the heel; these heel plates are interchangeable, and may be readily moved from one
heel to the other.
My improved sole plate is similar in construction to the heel plate above described,
and is secured to the soles of boots, shoes, or clogs with screws or nails.
My improved toe plate consists of a metal plate, which is inserted between the
leather at the toe of the boot; cast or formed with the said plate is a raised rim
that has a serrated edge, which rim may be bent over the upper to protect it. To
secure this plate in its position on the boot, I cast or form on one or both sides of
the plate a fixed tooth, or teeth, or projections, or, if required, loose nails or rivets
may be used.
I also make these heel and sole plates with slots, holes, or projections, tapered so
as to retain them in their position when used with gutta percha, india rubber, or
combinations of similar substances.
My Invention consists also in forming the heel and sole plate in one piece. I
cast or form on the said heel and sole plate projections on one or both sides. The
projections on the top side are to secure the plate to the upper leather, and the
spaces between the projections on the lower side may be filled with leather or other
material,
A COMBINED WATERING POT AND FORCE PUMP
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert Beardshaw at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st May 1879.
HERBERT BEARDSHAW, of the "Acme" Steel Works, Sheffield, in the County of
York. "A COMBINED WATERING POT AND FORCE PUMP."
My improved watering pot conibiues in one instrument the functions both of an
ordinary watering pot and garden engine.
I take an ordinary watering pot and fix therein a small force pump fitted with
the necessary delivering hose and nozzle, so that the operator can by using the force
pump play upon objects which could not otherwise be conveniently reached.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WRITING ON OR MARKING BALES, PACKAGES, AND OTHER OBJECTS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Rhodes at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th December 1879.
JAMES RHODES, of Armley, near Leeds, in the County of York, Water Rent
Collector. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WRITING ON OR MARKING BALES,
PACKAGES, AND OTHER OBJECTS."
My Invention is designed to facilitate writing on or marking bales, packages, and
other articles. I construct apparatus for such purposes with a hollow elastic or
flexible vessel, which may form the handle or holder of the instrument, and may be
made of vulcanized india rubber, gutta-percha, or other flexible material. This
vessel I provide with a tip, nozzle, or tube, around which I secure bristles, india
rubber, or other medium for conveying the ink or other marking fluid or pigment.
The hollow elastic or flexible vessel which thus forms the magazine for storing
marking fluid or piginent is charged by excluding air from it by pressure, inserting
the open end or nozzle in marking fluid or pigment, then removing the external
pressure and allowing the vessel to be filled by the pressure of the atmosphere or
pneumatic action, after which the instrument is ready for use. The handle of the
instrument may be of a non-elastic substance, having an elastic part or vessel
attached thereto, and with suitable means for charging the same with ink or other
marking material. For some purposes the bristles may be dispensed with. In
using the above instrument it is necessary to apply a gentle external pressure to
the hollow elastic vessel or handle, or to the elastic part attached to the non-elastic
handle, in order to cause the ink or other fluid or pigment to flow in sufficient
quantity to produce the desired marks or characters.
The instrument may be used for water colors in painting scenery or objects
wherein effect is required to be cheaply produced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFTING GATE STOPS, BARS, OR BOLTS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward David Arthur Marriner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st June 1879.
EDWARD DAVID ARTHUR MARRINER, of Keighley, in the County of York,
Worsted Spinner. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFTING GATE STOPS, BARS, OR BOLTS."
The object of my Invention is to arrange an apparatus which will effectually bolt
or bar doors and gates in such a manner that when bolted the bar will lift or support
the latch side of door or gate, and thus relieve the hinges from the weight of door
or gate when shut.
I accomplish my object in the following manner:-I secure a metal plate to the
door or gate; at the front side of this plate I form two projecting lugs, between
which is fitted a lever that is secured therein by a pin passing through the said
lugs and lever. The end of this lever between the lugs is elliptical, and the elliptical
portion is in line with the bolt or bar, and is placed between two projections on the
sume. The before mentioned pin passes through the elliptical portion of lever near
to one end of its major axis, and when the lever is actuated the bar or bolt is raised
or lowered, as the case may be. By pressing down the lever the ellipse will force
the bar or bolt down into the recess and lift the weight of door or gate, and thus
relieve the hinges, or by raising the lever the ellipse will lift the bar or bolt, and
leave the door or gate free to open.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR DYEING AND WASHING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS IN THEIR RAW AND MANUFACTURED STATE
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Albert Gatty at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd April 1879.
FREDERICK ALBERT GATTY, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Dyer
and Calico Printer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR
DYEING AND WASHING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS IN THEIR RAW
AND MANUFACTURED STATE."
My improvements consist in the application of certain apparatus for soaking,
padding, or impregnating cotton or other fibrous materials in their raw or manu-
factured state with colours, mordants, or other liquids. The cotton or other
material intended to be dyed is placed in a trough or tray that will hold liquids.
In this trough and upon the material placed therein I pour the liquid with which the
cotton or other material is to be soaked or dyed. I then cause one or more
rollers or runners to pass over the cotton or other material until it is soaked
or dyed, as the case may be. The trough or tray may be circular, and the
rollers or runners go round as in grinding mills, or the trough may go round
and the rollers work in stationary bearings, or the trough may be square or
oblong and the rollers or runners travel up and down over the materials.
When my improvements are applied to washing, water is run upon the
materials while the rollers or runners are in motion. In this case I prefer to
make the trough or tray with a perforated bottom so that the water can escape.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPRINGS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Whittle and James Brown at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th March 1879.
JOSEPH WHITTLE and JAMES BROWN, both of Sheffield, in the County of York.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPRINGS."
This Invention relates to the manufacture of laminated springs such as are used
for railway rolling stock, wagons, and for other similar purposes, and its object is
to ensure greater uniformity in the curvature of the plates, thereby producing a
more regular working spring, requiring less fitting, and therefore being less costly
to manufacture. The present method of making such laminated springs is first to
bring the plates to a suitable heat, then to bend them to the desired curve, and
afterwards to harden and temper them, and finally to put them together. According
to our Invention, the plates are hardened while they are straight; they are after-
wards tempered, and while in a heated state from this operation are bent or curved
to the required camber or curve, either by hand or by suitable rolls, presses, or
equivalent means.
When spring plates are curved before being bardened and tempered, they nearly
always warp when plunged into the hardening trough, but when they are curved
after being hardened and tempered they retain the exact shape given to them, and
so do away with considerable labour in fitting.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER FOR ROLLERS
Year: 1879

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by Herbert John Haddan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th December 1879. A communication
from abroad by Otto Pastor, of Crefeld, in the German Empire.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER FOR ROLLERS." A communication from
abroad by Otto Pastor, of Crefeld, in the German Empire.
Paper rollers for various purposes are usually produced by placing a number of
sheets flut upon each other, subjecting them to strong hydraulic or other pressure,
and turning them on the lathe.
Hitherto the sheets applied for this purpose consisted only of paper made from
woollen, linen, or other rags.
The present Invention consists in mixing with the raw material from which
the paper is made a greater or smaller quantity of asbestos or slag wool, forming
the so obtained paper into sheets, and constructing rollers therefrom in the usual
manner.
An addition of 50 per cent. of asbestos or slag wool to the paper mass has given
a good result, but it is supposed that a greater per centage of the said substances
would be still more favorable, and the mixture may take place when the paper
mass is ready for the manufacture of ordinary paper, and the thorough incorporation
of the additions into the ordinary paper mass be effected.
The object of constructing the rollers with sheets containing asbestos or slag
wool is to increase the resistance of the rollers against heat, thereby making them
more durable than ordinary rollers.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of December, A.D. 1879.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Carr Marshall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th May 1879.
FRANCIS CARR MARSHALL, of the Borough & County of Newcastle-on-Tyne,
Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS."
This Invention relates to improvements in the form and construction of steam
boilers intended to work at high pressures.
It is proposed to construct a main cylindrical vessel containing the tubes and
connected by junction water tubes to one or more vessels, by preference cylindrical,
containing furnaces. At the back these vessels are united to a water case containing
the combustion chamber, the front of which combustion chamber forms the back
tube plate. The water space surrounding the combustion chamber is in free com-
munication with the vessels containing respectively the tubes and the furnaces, and
the water tubes connecting these vessels are so arranged as to promote a perfect
circulation of the water contained in the boiler. This circulation may be assisted
by the application of cross tubes in the furnace flues and combustion chamber.
The bottom of the combustion chamber is left open, the aperture being closed by
suitable metal portable doors or plates covered with fire bricks when the boiler is at
work.
In boilers fired at both ends a similar plan of construction is adopted, the two
cylindrical vessels containing the tubes and those containing the furnaces being
attached to a common central case containing one or more open bottomed com-
bustion chambers, according as the furnaces are led from each end into one combustion
chamber common to all, or into separate chambers.
By this improved arrangement a better circulation of water is attained, the
furnace flues are allowed to expand longitudinally without unduly straining the
other parts of the boiler, much useless water space about the bottom of the com-
bustion chamber is dispensed with, perfect freedom of access for cleaning and
repairs is gained inside the combustion chamber without removing the furnace
fittings.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF HEMP AND FLAX WASTE FOR UTILIZING THE SAME IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Charles Henderson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th March 1879. A communication
from abroad by Jules Gruneke, of the City of Vienna, in the Empire of Austria,
and Rudolf Blum, of the City of Paris, in the Republic of France, Cotton
Manufacturers.
ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON, of 6, Southampton_Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF HEMP AND FLAX WASTE FOR
UTILIZING THE SAME IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON." A communication from
abroad by Jules Gruneke, of the City of Vienna, in the Empire of Austria, and
Rudolf Blum, of the City of Paris, in the Republic of France, Cotton Manu-
facturers.
The object of this Invention is to use up hemp and flax waste, and by a special
treatment converting it into cotton equal to and possessing the advantages and
appearance of the best kinds, which can be used with success and economy like it
in all branches of industry in which it is employed, especially in making the best
and other classes of paper.
In converting these refuse matters into actual cotton a chemical process is applied
which admits of manipulating them without injury to the fibre, and when manu-
factured giving to them all the qualities, beauties, and touch of the best cotton.
The waste hemp and flax is subjected either singly or combined to the following
process:-
1st. The waste hemp and flax, singly or in unison, are completely cleansed, and
the filaments freed from straws and foreign matters, which is effected by the aid of
any known apparatus in general use for such purposes.
2nd. Then when well cleansed and in quantities sufficient for the requirements
of the case these matters are washed in plain but preferably, hot water.
3rd. The substance is then subjected to a bath of caustic lye at 3 degrees Beaumé
(areometer), after which it is withdrawn and well washed in plenty of water.
4th. The operation is continued by submitting the matters thus prepared to a
fresh bath of ammoniacal oxyd of copper at 2 degrees Beaumé (areometer); it is
again withdrawn and immediately rewashed in ample water.
5th. The matter is then bleached by the usual and ordinary means known in
industry and again washed,

page_text: 6th. After bleaching the matters are submitted to the action of a bath of spirit
of salt or hydrochloric acid at 3 degrees Beaumé (areometer), and is then thoroughly
washed.
7th. These hemp and flax substances, whether used in combination or separately,
are then submitted to a soap bath and are again washed.
8th. And the filamentous matter thus prepared is dried, and is then ready for
use as cotton in all the branches of industry where cotton is used.