NEW-INVENTED METHODS OF APPLYING MACHINERY FOR THE PURPOSE OF MORE EXPEDITIOUSLY STRIKING OR STICKING MOULDINGS, AND FOR RABBETTING, PLOUGHING, OR GROOVING; FLUTING AND EXCAVATING WOOD IN EVERY MANNER NOW USUALLY PERFORMED BY ANY KIND OF PLANES
Year: 1803

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
BEVANS, of Castle Street, City Road, in the County of Middlesex, Carpenter,
being one of the Society of the People commonly called Quakers, send.
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Nineteenth day of
November, in the forty-fourth year of His reign, did give and grant unto me,
the said James Bevans, my executors, administrators, and assigns, His special
license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said James Bevans,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my "NEW-INVENTED
METHODS OF APPLYING MACHINERY FOR THE PURPOSE OF MORE EXPEDITIOUSLY
STRIKING OR STICKING MOULDINGS, AND FOR RABBETTING, PLOUGHING, OR GROOVING;
FLUTING AND EXCAVATING WOOD IN EVERY MANNER NOW USUALLY PERFORMED BY
ANY KIND OF PLANES;" in which Letters Patent there is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said James Bevans, under my hand and seal, to cause a
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and the manner

page_text: in which the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within one calendar month next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Bevans, do declare that the object of my Invention is, to perform
the operations of striking or sticking mouldings, rabbetting, ploughing, groov-
ing, fluting, or excavating wood, in a much more expeditious manner than that
now practised, by substituting, in lieu of manual labor, the machinery hercin-
after described :-
These operations are to be performed by the planes or other instruments
now used for similar purposes, or with such alterations as are necessary to
adapt them to the machinery. These instruments are to be used singly, or
combined in any number, according to the width of the board or boards to be
worked at once, and according to the nature of the work to be done. The
instruments are made to pass horizontally over the material (which is to
be firmly fixed in the usual manner) in the direction of the mouldings,
grooves, flutes, or other works, by a connecting rod or shaft, communicating
at one end with the instruments, with the box or frame containing the
same, with the quadrants, or with the bearing shaft, all of which are more
particularly described in the Drawings hereunto annexed, and at the other
This
end with machinery capable of affording a reciprocating motion.
machinery may consist of a crank whose radius must be nearly half the
length of the required stroke, and must be regulated accordingly. This regula-
tion may be effected by the arm of the crank passing through a mortise in a
strong box fixed on an axis, and sliding in the said box to any required length,
where it must be fixed by strong screws, the axis being turned by manual
exertion, by horses, water, steam, or any other power, and having its motion
regulated by a fly wheel or otherwise. I claim no exclusive privilege for the
invention of this part of the machinery, but have described the same as an
example for a simple method of giving a reciprocating motion.
In the Drawing annexed to this Specification, Fig. 1 shews side of the box
or frame containing the planes or other instruments, with the quadrants and
bearing shaft. Fig. 2, the end of the same. Fig. 3, a horizontal section in
Fig. 4, a vertical section in the line Y, Z. The references
the same in all the Figures. A, the planes (in this instance
three), notched out, as are the blanks B, to fit the end of the box or frame
at C, and fixed firmly by screws and nuts, which are moveable in the metal
the line W, X.
to each part are

page_text: slips D, according to the number and situation of the planes. E, E, are two
quadrants placed one on each side of the box or frame, and resting on the
tongues F, which form rabbets, in which chains connecting the quadrants with
the sides of the box or frame may lie without being subjected to the pressure
of the quadrant. It is hardly necessary to observe, that cords or straps may
be substituted for the chains; in this latter case the tongues F may be
omitted. G is a moveable upright shaft or frame, which I term (from its
pressure on the box or frame and the planes) a bearing shaft, fixed at is
lower end to the two quadrants, and it's upper end sliding between friction
wheels or otherwise, in a tube hung on two pivots perpendicularly over the
centre of the work, and at such height as may be most convenient for the
length of stroke required, as may be seen in Fig. 5. H is the connecting
rod or shaft, which in this instance turns on a joint at the lower end of the
bearing shaft. It's connection with the crank rod, which gives the required
motion, is shewn in Fig. 5. I, I, are fences, sliding perpendicularly in tubes
or sockets in the box or frame, and clipping a tongue K, fixed in the direction
of the required stroke in the frame, supporting the bench. Instead of these
may be substituted fences similar to those of a common plough, or a tonguc,
fixed either to the planes or to the box or frame containing them, may slide
in a groove in the bench or it's frames; or the said box or frames may slide
with or without friction rollers, between direction pieces fixed for that purpose.
In some cases it will be mere convenient for the bearing shaft to be fixed at
the upper end to a center or axis over the work, and to slide at bottom in a
tube affixed between or above the quadrants. In other instances the bearing
shaft may be entirely omitted, the quadrants being retained in their position
by sliding in grooves fixed in a little above their centres, in which case stops
are to be aflixed at each end of the stroke to the tilt quadrants, and by this
means effect the purpose intended to be answered by the bearing shaft of . . . .
supporting that end of the planes which is off the wood, by throwing the
pressure of the quadrant on the other end of the same; but in this case the
connecting rod must be fixed to the box or frame. The Figures 1, 2, 3,
and 4, are drawn to a scale of three inches to the foot, and Fig. 5 is drawn to
the scale of half inch to the foot.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Bevans, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of the twelfth month, called
December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
JAMES BEVANS. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Nineteenth day of
December, in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid James Bevans came
before our Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Speci-
fication aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.