A NEW OR IMPROVED TYPE MATRICE AND PRINTING MACHINE
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I ALEXANDER HENRY REED of 90 Cannon Street in the city of London
Middlesex Consulting Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for A NEW OR IMPROVED TYPE MATRICE AND PRINTING MACHINE to be as
follows that is to say, it relates to the art of printing and consists of a machine
for making type matrices in or printing with ink upon paper, papier mache or other
suitable substance.
The machine consists of a revolving cylinder, fitted. with a series of sliding rods
operated by keys which make them slide endwise in groves on the surface of the
cylinder, a wheel which holds the type, and a printing lever operated by the sliding
rods when pushed into position for the purpose, which presses the paper upon the
type.
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The cylinder revolves in hangers secured to a base plate and is fitted with a pulley
at one end by means of which power is applied, any desired number of longitudinal
groves are cut in the surface of the cylinder in which the sliding rods, which are
provided with small cam pins arranged to be operated by corresponding cams on
the keys, may move and thus bring the operating surfaces on the ends of the sliding
rods into the line of contact with the printing lever, when a rod has been moved to
operating position its outer end will protrude from the cylinder and in order that
it may be returned to resting position I provide a cam plate which shall crowd it
back immediately it has passed the operating point.
The Key Board containing the same number of keys as there are longitudinal
sliding rods is placed above the cylinder, the key rods are pivotted at their inner
ends and are held up from contact with the cylinder by means of small spiral
springs while a guard plate prevents their being thrown up too far. In order that
any key which shall be depressed may be held down until it shall have operated, a
series of guard springs secured at their lower ends are provided, while at their upper
ends a small catch is formed, arranged to take hold of a tongue on the key bars-
To operate these springs I make use of a small cylinder which is geared to run in
unison with the revolving cylinder and, upon this I provide a curved or twisted
longitudinal cam which as the cylinder revolves comes in contact with and presses
back the guard springs and so leaves the key bars free to be depressed by the
operator or to rise after operating, as the case may be,

page_text: The Type ring is placed on a shaft running in a standard above the end of the.
cylinder and is driven by means of gearing so arranged that it shall revolve in
unison with the cylinder. It is provided with two or more circumferential rows of
type set radially in the ring and so placed that each type in the row being operated
will arrive at the printing point simultaneously with the rod which is operated by
the corresponding key of the keyboard.
The Printing Lever which is pivoted to a support secured to the base plate
projects beneath the Type ring and is provided at the end which lies at the printing
point with a cam plate upon its lower surface so arranged that it shall be in line
with the operating surfaces on the sliding rods when pressed out by the keys, and
with a small loosely running wheel or ring journaled in its upper portion, behind
which is a small groved plate which guides the strips of paper or papier mache. It
is adapted to be shifted sideways by means of a lever operated by a pedal which
moves the support in which it is pivoted and thus brings it under the row of type
in the Type ring which is desired-To prevent the keys from being operated while
the printing lever is moving from one row of type to another, each key bar is
provided with a projection on its under surface and a rocking bar is placed
transversely under the keyboard and connected to the pedal, so arranged that as
the pedal is depressed the bar will rock forward and lie directly under the projections
on the key bars and will prevent their descending until the printing lever is in line
with the row of type to be operated upon-When two or more rows of type in the
type wheel are provided operating surfaces on the sliding rods corresponding in
number are also provided, so, arranged that each row shall project directly under
the corresponding row of type when the rods are in operating position, and then
the rocking bar is made in the form of a segment of a circle with longitudinal slots
corresponding to the number of rings of type!
Where type indentations are made in papier mache the types, as they are
embedded in the papier mache will serve to pull or feed the paper so as to give
the matrice of the type which is being indented its proper space on the strip, and
the different lengths of feed for the different letters are produced by making the
operating surfaces on the sliding rods of different widths corresponding to the
widths of the different letters, so that their operation will be to press the wheel at
the end of the printing lever, upon the type for a long or short time according to
the width of the letter. When it is desired to print with ink it is necessary to
provide ink rollers to supply the types with ink, but, as this may be done in a great
variety of ways I do not deem it necessary to describe any particular method; for
.the purpose of feeding the paper as the type forms are printed thereon I make use
of two milled rings between which the paper is passed, which are driven by means
of suitable gearing so as to revolve upon their surfaces at the same rate of speed
that the surfaces of the types move. One of these rings is journaled in the bracket
which carries the printing lever while the other is journaled in the lever itself, so
that when no letters are being printed it is held up from the paper which then
remains stationary, but when the inner arm is lifted to print by means of the
operating surfaces on the sliding rods it is pressed downward and engages the
paper and presses it upon the lower milled ring thus imparting to it the required
feed.

page_text: I ALEXANDER HENRY REED of 90 Cannon Street London, Consulting Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for A NEW OR IMPROVED TYPE
MATRICE AND PRINTING MACHINE and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to the art of printing; and consists of a machine for
making type matrices in or printing with ink upon paper, papier mache or other
suitable substance as hereinafter set forth and specifically pointed out in the
claims.
In the drawing hereunto annexed, Figure 1 is a plan view of the machine with
key board partially broken away and type wheel removed-Figure 2 is a longi-
tudinal section of the machine the shaft, pulley and gear wheels being shown in
elevation Figure 3 is a rear elevation of the printing lever and support and
shifting lever Figure 4 is a side elevation of the same with segments of cylinder
and type-ring, the base plate being shown in section. Figure 5 is a cross section
on lines 5
5 in Figure 2 showing key in operating position and cam bar c and
guard spring b and guard bar V. Figure 6 is a similar view showing key in resting
position with guard spring b thrown back, and guard bar V partially operated.
Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 4 but showing mechanism for pulling the paper
when printing with ink consisting of milled wheels P 3 and P 4 geared to revolve
at the same rate of speed that the faces of the types move. Figure 8 in an end
view of the same mechanism.
More particularly described the machine consists of a revolving cylinder B, type
wheel A series of rods K and a series of operating keys R by means of which the
rods are operated, and a printing lever P which is operated by the rods to press the
paper upon the type. The cylinder B (containing core D by means of which
the cylinder is made lighter) is placed upon a shaft C running in hangers E E
secured to a base plate H with a pulley C1 at the end, by means of which
power is applied. Any desired number of longitudinal grooves are cut in the
cylinder, in which are placed bars or rods K. secured in place by means of counter-
sunk screws N (running as the bars slide in slots M) at one end, and a band I at
the other; and adapted to slide in the grooves when operated on by the cams T on
the key bars R so that the operating cams 0 0 will be in line of contact with the
printing lever P-Upon a separate shaft running in standard G and above the end
of the cylinder, is placed the type ring A with types v; its shaft being 'connected
with the shaft of the cylinder by means of gear wheels F F so arranged that
the type wheel and cylinder will revolve in unison-Each rod is provided with a
cam pin L which protrudes from the surface of the cylinder at such a point longi-
tudinally upon the rod that as the cylinder revolves it will come in contact with,
and pass along the face of, the cam T upon the corresponding key bar R, and the
rod thereby be caused to slide in the groove.
A key board consisting of the same number of keys as there are rods is placed
above the cylinder, The key bars are pivoted at their inner ends upon the rod X
and are held up from contact with the cylinder by the means of the springs y 2;
the plate S serving to prevent them from being thrown too far upward by the
springs.
In order that any key which shall be depressed may be held down until it shall
have operated, a series of guard springs b b are provided and secured at their lower
ends to the supports at their unver ends heine provided with arme f which axtend

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under or over as the case may be the tongues e on the key bars. At some point
in the revolution of the cylinder these guard springs are required to be thrown
backward, so as to leave the key bars free to be pressed downward to operating
position; when the guard springs are required to react so that the arms f will pass
above the tongues e, and thus hold the key bars in position to operate until the
guard springs shall at the next revolution of the cylinder c be again thrown back;
at which point the key will be lifted to resting position again by the spring y 2. To
operate these guard springs I provide the cylinder c which is geared by means of
gear wheels F1 and F 2, to run in unison with the cylinder B; and upon this
cylinder c is placed a longitudinal cam d which as the cylinder c revolves, comes in
contact with the guard springs b, and presses them back so as to leave the key bar
free to be depressed by the operator into. operating position, or to rise to their
resting position after operating as the case may be. The camd is formed on the
cylinder c with a curve or twist, in order that the end thereof which operates on
the guard springs for the first keys of the keyboard will operate to release the
keys in time for them to operate upon their rods; and the end which operates upon
the springs for the last keys in the key board will not reach them until any of such
keys as shall have been depressed. at the preceding revolution shall have a full
opportunity to operate upon their corresponding rods in the cylinder B.
The type ring A is provided with two or more circumferential rows of type, set
radially in the ring, and so arranged that each type in the row being operated upon
will arrive at the printing point simultaneously with the rod which is operated by
the corresponding key of the key board; so that the rod which shall have been
caused to slide in its groove by the action of the cam T upon the key R, which is
usually designated in the key board by the letter "A" shall arrive at the printing
point in conjunction with the type "A" in the type-ring.
Beneath the type ring and in a grooved plate x upon the upper surface of the
lever P, is placed a strip of paper or papier mache. The object now to be
accomplished is to press the paper upon the type so as to cause type matrices to be
made therein, or type forms to be printed thereon. This is accomplished by means
of the operating surfaces on the rods operating, when the rod is slided into position,
upon the lever P, which is pivoted to a support Y, and provided upon its inner
end, which lies at the printing point, with a cam plate h upon its lower surface,
and with a small wheel or ring P 1 journaled in its upper portion. The cam on
the lower portion lies free from contact with the rods when they are at rest, but in
the line of the operating surfaces OO of the rods as the rods are caused to slide
in the grooves by the action of the keys. When a rod is operated upon by a key
and caused to slide, the operating surface will come in contact with the cam / on
the lever P, and press the cam and that end of the lever upward, so that the small
wheel P1 will come in contact with the paper, and press it upon the type. The
* small wheel P1 runs loosely upon a pin in a slot in the end of the lever P, and is
adapted to offer the slightest resistance to the paper when being pulled by
the type.
Each rod is provided with two or more operating surfaces or cams, corresponding
in number to the rows of type. Each row of operating surfaces upon the rods,
when the rods are in operating position, is directly under the corresponding row
of type; and the lever is adapted to be shifted by means of the bell crank lever k
"pivoted by pin n to support ; the upper arm x¹ of which lever operates, when the
lower arm is depressed by the pedal (not shown) by means of the connecting
rod 1 to throw the plate Y over against the stop 1 thus compressing the spring,
which reacts and throws the plate P 2 back to resting position when the pressure
upon the pedal is removed. The spring. u throws the outer end of the lever
upward and the inner end downward, thus freeing the paper strip from the type
after the operating surface o shall have passed the cam' h; the set screw's operating
to hold the cam h free from the cylinder when at rest.
Where type indentations are made in papier mache, the types, as they are
imbedded in the papier mache, will serve to pull or feed the paper so as to give the
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page_text: matrice of the type which is being indented its proper space on the strip. The
different lengths of 'feed for the different letters are produced by providing
the rods K with operating surfaces 0 of different widths corresponding to the
widths of the different letters, so that their operation will be to press the wheel
upon the type for a long or short time, according to the width of the letter.
Where it is desired to print with ink, it is necessary to provide ink rollers to
supply the types with ink. As this may be done in a great variety of ways, I do.
not deem it necessary to show or describe any particular method of doing it in
this application.
But for the purpose of feeding the paper as the type forms are printed thereon,
I have devised the mechanism shown in figures 7 and 8; consisting of two milled
rings P 3 and P 4, between which the paper is passed. These rings are geared by
ineans of gear wheels F 4, F 5, and F 6, to the upper gear wheel F as shown in
figure 2, so as to revolve upon their surfaces at the same rate of speed that the
faces of the types move. When no letters are being printed the upper ring is held
up from the paper by the spring u. This ring is journaled in the outer arm of the
printing lever P; and when the inner arm is lifted to print by means of the
operating surfaces O on the rods, the milled ring P4 is pressed downward; and
engages the paper and presses it upon the lower milled ring P3; and while the
paper is thus held, it is pulled along in its groove, until the inner end of the lever P
shall be freed from the rods and is caused to fall by means of the spring u, which
also elevates the upper milled ring and releases the paper; which then lies between
the rings, but free from contact therewith until another letter is printed.
To prevent the keys from being operated while the printing lever P is shifting
from one row of type to another, each bar is provided with a pin U on its under
surface; and a rocking bar V is placed transversely under the key board, and
connected by means of the lever Q with a pedal; so that as the pedal is depressed
the bar V will rock forward and during the movement its upper surface will lie
directly under the pins U on the keys, and will prevent their descending or the
keys being depressed, until the upper surface of the bar V shall have passed the
pins; at which time the shifting of the lever P which is operated by the same
pedal, will have been accomplished and the lever will be in line to operate upon
the second row of type and corresponding operating faces. Where more than two
rows of type are used, the guard bar V may be made in form of a segment of a
circle with three or more longitudinal. slots corresponding to the number of rows
of type, each slot being adapted to come in position under the pins on the rods
when the printing lever is in position to operate upon the corresponding row
of type.
When a rod shall have been moved to operating position its outer end will
protrude from the cylinder; and immediately after it shall have passed tho
operating point, it will come in contact with the cam plate J, which will crowd the
rod back to resting position.
I do not limit myself to the particular style of rods herein shown, as I am aware
that other styles may be used to accomplish substantially the same result.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1 The combination of the lever P and a revolving holder with a series of
rods, by means of which the lever is pressed upon the material operated upon,
substantially as shown and described.
2 The printing lever P provided with a wheel S, in combination with a series of
rods in a rotary holder, and the type ring substantially as and for the purposes.
shown and described.
3 The combination of a rotary holder and its series of rods of different
widths, with the printing lever P and type ring, substantially as shown and
described.

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4. A type wheel, having two or more rows of type in combination with the
printing lever P, adapted to be shifted so as to operate upon any desired row of
type substantially as shown and described.
5. A rotary holder and a series of bars, each provided with two or more operating
surfaces, and the lever P, adapted to be shifted so as to be operated upon by any
desired one of the operating surfaces, substantially as shown and described.
6. The combination of the type ring A, provided with two or more rows of type,
the cylinder B and rods K, with the shifting lever P substantially as shown and
described.
7. The combination of the shifting lever P the rocking bar V and the operating
keys, substantially as shown.and described:
8. The combination of, the manuals R guard springs bb and the cam cylinder c,
substantially as shown and described.
9. The guard springs bb the cylinder e provided with a curved longitudinal cam
and the keys, substantially as and for the purpose shown and described.
10. The combination of a type wheel containing two or more circumferential
rows of type with a paper guide adapted to shift to any desired row, and
mechanism, substantially such as described, by means of which the paper and the
type are brought in contact.
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11. The combination of a rotary holder and series of rods or cams of different
widths with the milled rings and lever substantially as shown and described.
Dated, this 29th day of October 1884.