IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Sidebottom, of Broadbottom, in the County of
Chester, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES,
Sealed the 30th October 1855, and dated the 9th August 1855..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Sidebottom at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
August 1855.
I, JOHN SIDEBOTTOM, of Broadbottom, in the County of Chester, Manu-
facturer; do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SHUTTLES, AND IN SKEWERS FOR SHUTTLES, AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be
as follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists of improved modes of constructing the
skewers for shuttles and other purposes, whereby the cops are held on the
skewers and enabled to unwind with facility; consequently less waste is produced
than in the usual mode of constructing such skewers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Sidebottom in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th February 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
SIDEBOTTOM, of Broadbottom, in the County of Chester, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Sidebottom, Her special license that I, the said John Sidebottom, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Sidebottom, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES, AND IN
SKEWERS FOR SHUTTLES, AND OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Sidebottom, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Sidebottom, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
Specification thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings
(that is to say)-
The nature of my Invention consists in improved modes of constructing
shuttles, and skewers for shuttles, and other purposes, whereby the cops are
easily placed upon and securely held on the skewers during the operation of
unwinding. I have in the said Drawings shown how my improvements may
be constructed, similar parts in the different views being marked with similar
letters of reference.
⚫ On Sheet 1, Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a shuttle, to which one
mode of constructing my improvements is applied; Fig. 2 is a plan of the

page_text: same. a is the body of the shuttle; b, the skewer, which hinges on the pin c;
d is the spring, which is placed below the skewer; one end of the spring is
attached to the point of the skewer 6 in the ordinary manner, and the other
end, after passing over the guide pin e, is bent down, so as to pass under the
fixed pin f. When the skewer is within the shuttle, as shown by the full lines
in Fig. 1, the spring d is open, or in the proper position for exerting its force
against the interior of the cop to hold it on; but in raising the skewer 6 into
the position shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 1, the end of the spring & comes
against the fixed pin f, which draws the spring close to the skewer, or into the
proper position for allowing the cop to be put on with facility. When the
skewer with the cop upon it is pressed down into the shuttle, the end of
the spring is liberated from the fixed pin f, and the force of the spring is again
brought to bear against the interior of the cop, thereby holding it securely on
the skewer. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a shuttle, to which a modifica-
tion of my improvements is applied; Fig. 4 is a plan of the same.
In these views the parts marked a, b, c, and d are similar to those; above
described. In this instance the fixed pin f is dispensed with, and the end of
the spring d in rising is acted upon by the cam or excentric g, which is held
fast by the hinge pin c'and fixed pin h. On referring to the section, Fig. 3, it
will be seen that when the skewer is down, the end of the spring d is at liberty;
but when the skewer is being raised into the position shown by the dotted
lines, the end of the spring comes against the cam or excentric g, and is by
this means brought in a line with the skewer. The spring marked i is common
to shuttles of the ordinary construction, and serves to hold the skewer while
the end of the cop is being removed and a fresh cop put on.
On Sheet 2, Figs. 5 and 6 represent, in section and plan, another modifica-
tion of my improvements. In this instance I have represented two springs,
marked d, d, one placed on each side of the skewer b. These springs are made
to act on the interior of the cop when the skewer is within the shuttle, and to
lie close to the skewer when the cop is being put on, in the following
manner: The skewer 6 has a round hole fitting on the hinge pin c, and
the springs d, d, have slots also fitting on the pin c. When the skewer is
raised, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 5, the slots in the springs d, d,
allow them to lie close to the skewer; but in pressing the skewer into the
shuttle, the heels of the springs come against and are pressed forward by the
fixed pin f, thereby causing the springs to expand, as shown in the plan, Fig. 6.
The heel of the skewer 6 is flattened, to prevent it coming in contact with
he fixed pin f when the skewer is within the shuttle.

page_text: : Figs. 7 and 8 represent a section and plan of another modification of my
improvements. In this instance the spring d is placed below the skewer b,
and the end of the spring is acted upon when the skewer is within the shuttle
by the spring cam k, which is held in its place by the hinge pin c and fixed
pin h.. When the skewer is raised, as shewn by the dotted lines in Fig. 7, the
end of the spring d is raised above the spring cam k, whereby the spring d'is
at liberty to lie close to the skewer; but when the skewer is depressed into the
shuttle, the end of the spring d comes against the spring cam k, and is thus
caused to act against the interior of the cop. The object of the spring cam k
is to enable the spring d to expand more or less, according to the size of the
hole in the cop.
On Sheet 3, Figs. 9 and 10 are a section and plan of another modification
of my improvements. In this instance the end of the spring d is guided in a
hole in the boss of the skewer, through which is a hole for the stud l.. This
stud is loose in the hole, and the lower end of the stud when the skewer is
within the shuttle bears upon and is pressed upwards by the fixed pin h,
thereby causing the upper end of the stud 1 to press against the spring d, and
thus making the spring d expand to hold the cop on the skewer. When the
skewer is raised out of the shuttle, the stud 1 being liberated from the action
of the fixed pin h, allows the spring d to press down the stud 1, and to lie close
to the skewer while the cop is being put on.
Figs. 11 and 12 are a section and plan of another modification of my
improvements. In this instance the hinge pin marked m is flattened above,
and the end of the spring d is brought through the boss of the skewer and
touches the pin m. When the skewer is raised into the position shown by
dotted lines in Fig. 11, the end of the spring d is at liberty to enter the space
above the flattened part of the pin m, thereby allowing the spring d to lie close
to the skewer while the cop is being put on ; but when the skewer is depressed
into the shuttle, the end of the spring d, acting against the centre pin m, is
forced forward, thereby causing the spring d to act on the interior 'of the cop
on the skewer.
The above-described improvements in skewers are applicable to other
purposes where skewers are employed for holding cops; and as the cops can be
put on the skewers without having to overcome the resistance of the spring, it
is obvious that the interior of the cop is not injured; consequently the
may be unwound with facility and with little or no waste.
yarn
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, I declare that I claim the improved modes, shown and

page_text: described in reference to Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings, for bringing
the springs d in a line with the skewer when the cop is to be put on; and the
improved modes, shown and described in reference to Sheets 2 and 3, for
allowing the springs d to assume the position in a line with the skewer when
the cop is put on.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Sidebottom, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventh day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
J. SIDEBOTTOM. (L.B.)