Improvements in the Manufacture of Pure Ammonium Carbonate.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 17th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 19th Oct., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Pure Ammonium Carbonate.
I, CARL RASPE of 23 Sophienstrasse, Berlin in the Empire of Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In the manufacture of pure ammonium carbonate from the liquid products of
distillation of fossil bitumen, or fuel, or of bones, care has especially to be taken
that the product which is to be obtained is free from empyreuma which is always
contained in the above named distillation products and also free from sulphur which
generally exists therein.
'
In order to remove the empyreuma it has been suggested in English Patent
No. 7846 that the above named liquid products of distillation should be free
from part of the empyreuma by first' treating them with oil and then conveying
the ammonium carbonate distilled off on the distillation of the liquid thus
preliminarily purified through heated porous carbon (for instance wood charcoal)
in order to remove the rest of the empyreuma. In case the above named liquid
producis also contain sulphur they may be treated with a metallic oxide, metallic
salt or the like in order to combine with the sulphur before being treated with oil
as suggested in the above named Patent No. 784693.
Experiments have now shown that from such impure water containing carbonate,
the first portion of the empyreuma (which it was sought to remove by treating the
liquid with oil) may also be removed in another way which will be hereinafter
described from the vapour (containing ammonium carbonate) which is given off on
the distillation of such liquids so that in most cases the treatment with oil is not
necessary and in the most unfavourable cases it is reduced to a minimum, any
sulphur present being at the same time removed, so that in any case the treatment
of the liquid with substances for precipitating the sulphur is dispensed with. This
successful result is obtained according to the present invention by distilling the
herein before mentioned impure liquids containing ammonium carbonate and bringing
the vapour resulting from such distillation in contact with heated porous metallic
oxide material, which contains metallic oxide, or metallic hydroxide, or metallic
carbonate having the property of combining with sulphur (for instance iron oxide),
thus any sulphur present is combined with the metallic oxide material and thus
removed from the vapour, and in most cases such a proportion of empyreuma is
removed, that it is only necessary to then convey the vapour in the manner described
in Patent No. 7846 through warmed porous carbon in order to entirely free it
from empyreuma, whereupon the vapour purified in this manner may be condensed
by dephlegmation.
In cases in which the metallic oxide material has not absorbed sufficient
empyreuma, so that the ammonium carbonate obtained still contains some empy-
reuma, the ammonium carbonate liquid is before distillation mixed & shaken up
with oil, and after the separation of the layer of oil from the liquid, the latter is
treated in the manner herein before described. In such cases which seldom arise
owing to the action of the porous metallic oxide material, the treatment, with
oil need not be so thorough a one, or more liquid might be treated with &
given quantity of oil than if the treatment with warmed porous metallic oxide
material of the vapour or the like distilled from off the liquid had not taken
placed
3:

page_text: In case the ammonium carbonate liquid which is to be treated, contains sulphur
which in practice will always be the case, the metallic oxide material employed
for the process will also contain sulphur. This metallic oxide material can be
regenerated in the air by heating, any sulphur present being consumed to form
sulphurous acid, which if desired may be further employed or treated, for
instance, for the manufacture of sulphuric acid. The mass of metallic oxide thus
recovered by the heating may be again employed in the process as hereinbefore
described.
Dated this 2nd day of January 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Pure Ammonium Carbonate.
I, CARL RASPE of 23, Sophienstrasse, Berlin in the Empire of Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
In the manufacture of pure ammonium carbonate from the liquid products of
distillation of fossil bitumen, or fuel, or of bones, care has especially to be taken
that the product which is to be obtained is free from empyreuma, which is always
contained in the above named distillation products and also free from sulphur
which generally exists therein.
In order to remove the empyreuma it has been suggested in English Patent
No. 78463 that the above named liquid products of distillation should be freed
from part of the empyreuma by first treating them with oil, and then conveying
the ammonium carbonate distilled off on the distillation of the liquid thus
preliminarily purified through heated porous carbon (for instance wood charcoal)
in order to remove the rest of the enipyreuma. In case the above named liquid
products also contain sulphur they may be treated with a metallic oxide, metallic
salt or the like in order to combine with the sulphur before being treated with oil
as suggested in the above named Patent No. 7846°³.
Experiments have now shown that from such impure water containing carbonate,
the first portion of the empyreuma (which it was sought to remove by treating the
liquid with oil) may also be removed in another way which will be hereinafter
described from the vapour (containing ammonium carbonate) which is given off on
the distillation of such liquids, so that in most cases the treatment with oil is not
necessary and in the most unfavourable cases it is reduced to a minimum, any
sulphur present being at the same time removed, so that in any case the treatment
of the liquid with substances for precipitating the sulphur is dispensed with. This
successful result is obtained according to the present invention by distilling the
herein before mentioned impure liquids containing ammonium carbonate and bringing
the vapour resulting from such distillation in contact with heated porous metallic
oxide material, which contains metallic oxide, or metallic hydroxide, or metallic
carbonate having the property of combining with sulphur (for instance iron oxide),
thus any sulphur present is combined with the metallic oxide material and thus
removed from the vapour, and in most cases such a proportion of empyreuma is
removed, that it is only necessary to then convey the vapour in the manner described
in Patent No. 78463 through warmed porous carbon in order to entirely free it
from empyreuma, whereupon the vapour purified in this manner may be condensed
hy dephlegmation.
In cases in which the metallic oxide material has not absorbed sufficient

page_text: empyreuma, so that the ammonium carbonate obtained still contains some empy-
reuma, the ammonium carbonate liquid is before distillation mixed and shaken up
with oil, and after the separation of the layer of oil from the liquid, the latter is
treated in the manner hereinbefore described. In such cases which seldom arise
owing to the action of the porous metallic oxide material, the treatment with
oil need not be so thorough a one, or more liquid might be treated with a
given quantity of oil than if the treatment with warmed porous metallic oxide
material of the vapour or the like distilled from off the liquid had not taken
place.
In case the ammonium carbonate liquid which is to be treated, contains sulphur,
which in practice will always be the case, the metallic oxide material employed
for the process will also contain sulphur. This metallic oxide material can be
regenerated in the air by heating, any sulphur present being consumed to form
sulphurous acid which if desired may be further employed or treated, for
instance, for the manufacture of sulphuric acid. The mass of metallic oxide thus
recovered by the heating may be again employed in the process as hereinbefore
described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In the treatment of liquids containing ammonium carbonate, more particularly
in the treatment of liquid products of distillation of fossil bitumen or fuel or of
bones for obtaining pure ammonium carbonate, a process for removing the empy-
reuma and also any sulphur present in such liquids, consisting in distilling the
same (after a preliminary treatment if necessary with oil) and bringing the vapour
in contact with porous metallic oxide material (preferably heated), which contains
metallic oxide, metallic hydroxide or metallic carbonate having the property of
combining with sulphur, after which in order to obtain pure ammonium carbonate
the vapour may be merely brought in contact with warmed porous carbon and then
condensed; substantially as herein before described.
2. In a process such as described for the treatment of liquids containing
ammonium carbonate the regeneration of the purifying material employed, by
heating it in the air in order to allow of its being again employed in the herein-
before described process and to enable any sulphur contained in the ammonium
carbonate liquid to be utilized for making sulphuric acid, substantially as
described.
Dated this 16th day of September 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.