IMPROVEMENTS IN AMER BEDDING AND SUBSTANCES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Barnard Sampson, of Ham Mills, Stroud,
in the County of Gloucester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AMER BEDDING AND SUBSTANCES
"
Sealed the 13th June 1862, and dated the 24th December 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Barnard Sampson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 24th December 1861..
I, EDWARD BARNARD SAMPSON, of Ham Mills, Stroud, in the County of
Gloucester, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES AND SUBSTANCES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention bas for its object improvements in apparatus for drying
wool and other fibres and substances. For these purposes a rotating vessel or
chamber is employed, by preference of a cylindrical form, though the shape
may be varied. The rotating vessel or chamber has two ends or covers,
through the centres of which the axes of an internal heating chamber or
vessel pass. The ends or covers above mentioned are formed with holes or
openings to allow steam or vapour from the wool, or other fibres or substances
(such as feathers and seeds), within the vessel or chamber to pass away freely,

page_text: and it is also preferred that holes or passages should be formed for the same
purpose in the revolving chamber or vessel.
It is desirable that after provision has been made for the free passage away
of steam or vapour the rotating vessel should be as close as may be to retain
the heat therein.
In order to introduce and remove the wool or other substances into and
from the revolving chamber or vessel part of the periphery is made to open.
Within the revolving vessel or chamber there are rows of projecting teeth
radiating towards the centre, or other provision is made in order that the
wool or other substances may not slip towards the lowest part of the vessel
or chamber as it revolves on its horizontal axis. The internal central vessel
is preferred to be cylindrical and heated with steam, though this form is not
essential, and the mode of applying heat thereto may be varied; it is also
desirable that this internal vessel should revolve so as to ensure that the wool
or other substance when it falls on to the heating vessel shall slide therefrom
on to the lower part of the rotating vessel or chamber. If desired the
rotating vessel or chamber may be made of such form and construction as to
admit of its being heated, and thus by its, heat also contribute to the drying
of the wool or other substance. By these arrangements the wool or other
fibre within the rotating vessel or chamber will be continually raised up to
the highest position, and then allowed to descend to the lowest position
through the heated atmosphere of the chamber and in contact with the heated
surface.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Barnard Sampson in the Great Seal Patent Office 25
on the 24th June 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
BARNARD SAMPSON, of Ham Mills, Stroud, in the County of Gloucester, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters 30
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors; give and
grant unto me, the said Edward Barnard Sampson, Her special licence that
I, the said Edward Barnard Sampson, my executors, administrators, and 3
assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Barnard Sampson, my

page_text: executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and-vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING.
WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES AND SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others).
that I, the said Edward, Barnard Sampson, my executors or administrators,.
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Barnard Sampson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :--
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for drying wool.
and other fibres and substances. For these purposes a rotating vessel or
chamber is employed, by preference of a cylindrical form, though the shape
may be varied. The rotating vessel or chamber has two ends or covers,.
through the centres of which the axes of an internal heating chamber or vessel
pass. The ends or covers above mentioned are formed with holes or openings.
to allow steam or vapour from the wool, or other fibres or substances (such
as feathers and seeds), within the vessel or chamber to pass away freely, and
it is also preferred that holes or passages should be formed for the same
purpose in the revolving chamber or vessel.
It is desirable that after provision has been made for the free passage away
of steam or vapour, the rotating vessel should be as close as may be to retain
the heat therein.
In order to introduce and remove the wool or other substances into and
from the revolving chamber or vessel, part of the periphery is made to open.
Within the revolving vessel or chamber there are rows of projecting teeth
radiating towards the centre, or other provision is made in order that the
wool or other substances may not slip towards the lowest part of the vessel
or chamber as it revolves on its horizontal axis. The internal central vessel
is preferred to be cylindrical and heated with steam, though this form is not
essential, and the mode of applying heat thereto may be varied; it is also
desirable that this internal vessel should revolve so as to insure that the wool
or other substance when it falls on to the heating vessel shall slide therefrom

page_text: on to the lower part of the rotatory vessel or chamber. If desired the rotating
vessel or chamber may be made of such form and construction as to admit
of its being heated, and thus by its heat also contribute to the drying of the
wool or other substance. By these arrangements the wool or other fibre
within the rotating vessel or chamber will be continually raised up to the
highest position and then allowed to descend to the lowest position through
the heated atmosphere of the chamber and in contact with the heated
surface.
Having thus stated the nature of the Invention, I will proceed more fully
to describe the manner of performing the same.
The Drawing annexed shews a longitudinal and a transverse section of a
machine constructed according to my Invention. a, a, is a cylindrical vessel
or chamber which in use is caused to revolve on axes b, b, which are hollow
in order that steam may pass through such axes, so as thereby to heat the
internal cylinder or vessel c. On the interior of the revolving chamber or
vessel are parallel bars d, d, with teeth projecting inwards, or such teeth may
be otherwise fixed within the cylinder or chamber a. The ends or covers of
the cylinder or chamber a have openings through them in order that the
vapours evolved from the wool or other fibrous substance which is being
dried may get away freely from the revolving cylinder or chamber a, and
the revolving cylinder is perforated or made reticulate so that the vapours
may pass freely off from the interior. The wool or other fibrous substance
to be dried is introduced into the cylinder or chamber and discharged there-
from through the doorway e, e; steam or it might be heated air or other fluid,
is supplied to the interior vessel c by the pipe f, the end of which is received
into a suitable stuffing box g. The steam and condensed water or hot air
or other fluid which is used passes away from the same, or from the other
end of the vessel c by the pipe h, the end of which enters a suitable stuffing
box, and the speed of the flow of the heating fluid may be regulated by the
cocks on the pipes f, h. By these means the surface of the interior vessel or
cylinder c is kept constantly heated. The outer revolving vessel or chamber
a may, if desired, be made double, or of such form as to admit of steam or
other heated fluid being used to heat the same, so as to aid in drying the wool
or other fibrous substance placed therein. It is preferred that a slow rotating
motion should be given to the inner vessel c in order to insure the wool or
fibrous substance dropping or sliding therefrom, or the outer cylinder may
carry a scraper or instrument to remove any fibres which may rest on the
cylinder c. Motion is preferred to be given to the outer cylinder or chamber
a, by means of a cogged wheel a fixed on the end of the cylinder a, which

page_text: is driven by a pinion a³, on the axis a³, which is put in motion by a strap or
band from a steam engine or other power acting on the fast pulley a', on the
axis a³. By the combined arrangement herein described it will be evident
that the wool or other fibrous substance in the rotating cylinder or chamber
a will, by the rows of teeth therein, be carried up to a position above the inner
cylinder or vessel c when the wool or fibrous substances will descend on to
the heated surface of the inner cylinder or vessel c, will slide off there-
from, and will descend on to the projecting points below, which in their turn
will carry the wool or other fibrous substance up to the highest position above
the inner cylinder c, from whence the wool or other fibrous substance will
descend again on to and slide off from the heated surface of the inner vessel c,
and descend on to the rows of points below, and so on again and again till the
wool or other fibrous substance has become dry. I would state that it is not
new to employ revolving cylinders or chambers such as above described when
drying various substances.
I would therefore wish it to be understood that I do not claim the same
separately, nor do I claim any of the parts separately, the peculiarity of my
Invention consisting in combining a vessel or chamber c, such as herein
described, within a vessel or chamber a in such manner that the wool or other
fibrous substances may be caused again and again to be carried up by the
cylinder a, and be caused to descend on to the heated surface of the interior
cylinder or chamber c, as herein explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Barnard Sampson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
EDWARD BARNARD SAMPSON. (L.B.)