igniting пройди
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 4th Dec., 1896-Accepted, 23rd Jan., 1897
igniting
пройди
I, GEORG SCHWIENING, of Bettenhausen Cassel, Germany, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The ignition of the so called Swedish matches is caused, as is well known, by
the explosion of the potassium chlorate contained in the heads of the matches,
while being rubbed against the igniting surface coated with a phosphorus
compound.
It has often been attempted to render matches ignitable on any kind of
frictional surfaces by employing for the heads thereof an igniting compound
which contains both the components requisite for the ignition, namely potassium
chlorate and red phosphorus mixed together. Such matches no doubt ignite on
being rubbed on any surface whether rough or smooth, but experience has shewn
that with these matches very frequently only the head burns off without igniting
the stem.
This defect is caused by the fact that in consequence of the intimate
mixture of phosphorus and potassium chlorate the combustion of the mass takes
place very suddenly, as an explosion, not giving sufficient time for the front end of
the stem to be raised to the igniting temperature.
The present invention relates to the manufacture of an igniting compound in
which phosphorus and potassium chlorate are also employed mixed together but
in which the rapidity of combustion is so much reduced that the stem is also
ignited with certainty.
I have found that a portion of the potassium chlorate can be replaced by
commercial calcium plumbate, or by other combinations of lead with other bases.
and that in this mixture the plumbate has a similar action to potassium chlorate,
giving off oxygen on ignition.
The chemical decomposition, of the plumbate however takes place considerably
slower than that of the chlorate, so that in using a mixture of the two bodies the
rapidity of combustion is retarded to a greater or less degree according to the
proportion of plumbate added.
Proportions of admixture can be readily determined with which the combustion
is sufficiently retarded to insure the iguition of the match stem under all
circumstances.
e following composition of a useful igniting compound is given by way of
Aampio
15 parts by weight of potassium chlorate
"Bulphur
calcium plumbate
0.5 "
"
"
4
"
"
"
"
4
terra sienna
"
"
"
"
2
"
39°
"
1.5
"
"
33
1.5
» glass
"amorphous phosphorus
"gum or cementitious matter.
The gum, glass, and terra sienna can be replaced by other materials having
he same properties, and the sulphur can sometimes be entirely omitted. The only

page_text: essential feature is the presence of the potassium chlorate, calcium plumbate, and
phosphorus.
c
Dated this 10th day of March 1900
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
1, GEORG SCHWIENING, of Bettenhausen Cassel, Germany, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The ignition of the so called Swedish matches is caused as is well known, by
the explosion of the potassium chlorate, contained in the heads of the matches,
while being rubbed against the igniting surface coated with a phosphorous
compound.
It has often been attempted to render matches ignitable on any kind of
frictionable surfaces by employing for the head thereof an igniting compound
which contains both the components requisite for the ignition, namely potassium
chlorate and red phosphorus mixed together. Such matches no doubt ignite on
being rubbed on any surface whether rough or smooth, but experience has shewn
that with these matches very frequently only the head burns off without igniting
the stem.
This defect is caused by the fact that in consequence of the intimate mixture of
phosphorus and potassium chlorate the combustion of the mass takes place very'
suddenly, as an explosion, not giving sufficient time for the front end of the stem
to be raised to the igniting temperature.
The present invention relates to the manufacture of an igniting compound in
which phosphorus and potassium chlorate are also employed mixed together but in
which the rapidity of combustion is so much reduced that the stem is also ignited
with certainty.
I have found that a portion of the potassium chlorate can be replaced by
commercial calcium plumbate for instance orthoplumbate Ca,PbO or poly-
plumbate CaH,Pb,O, or by other combinations of lead with other bases such
as Ba,PbO, Sr,PbO, BaH,Pb,O,= SrH,Pb₂O, and that in this mixture the
plumbate has a similar action to potassium chlorate giving off oxygen on
ignition.
The chemical decomposition of the plumbate however takes place considerably
slower than that of the chlorate, so that in using a mixture of the two bodies the
rapidity of combustion is retarded to a greater or less degree according to the
proportion of plumbate added.
Proportions of admixture can be readily determined with which the combustion
1s sufficiently retarded to insure the ignition of the match stem under all
circumstances.
The following composition of a useful igniting compound is given by way of
example:
15 parts by weight of potassium chlorate,
0.5 parts by weight of sulphur,
4 parts by weight of calcium plumbate,.
4 parts by weight of terra sienna,
2 parts by weight of glass
1.5

page_text: The gum, glass and terra sienna can be replaced by other materials having the
same properties and the sulphur can sometimes be entirely omitted. The only
essential feature is the presence of the potassium chlorate, calcium plumbate and
phosphorus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
In an igniting compound for match es that will ignite on any frictional surface
the combination with potassium chlorate and red phosphorus of calcium plumbate
or other combinations of lead with bases substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.