Improvements in Filters.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 4th June, 1898-Accepted, 6th Aug.,
1898
Improvements in Filters.
I, WILLIAM WALLACE WILSON, of 179, Sargent Street, in the City of Holyoke,
State of Massachusetts, United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
My invention relates to the valves used in the bottom of a filtering chamber to
conduct filtered water from said chamber in one direction, and to conduct the
washing water to said chamber in the reverse duection during the operation of
washing the bed of filtering material with a reverse current of water
The object of the invention is to provide a form of valve for this purpose which
will afford a very large capacity for delivening water in both directions while
preventing the passage therethrough of the particles composing the filter bed
To this end, my invention consists in a valve comprising a hollow head pro-
vided with a series of radiating tubes having shallow openings for the passage of
water into and from said head, as hereinafter more particularly described
In the accompanying drawing,
Figure 11s a plan view of the valve, with the guard partly broken away
Figure 2 is a side view of the valve, the guard being shown in cross-section and
partly broken away.
The numeral 1 designates a hollow head of globular form, which head terminates
at its lower end in the threaded nipple 2 adapted to be screwed into an opening in
the bottom of the filtering chamber of a filter or to make connection with a pipe
extending through said bottom, thus causing the head to stand in an upright
position At its upper end the head 1 terminates in the threaded stud or bolt
to receive the nut 4 by which the guard 5 18 held in place upon the head, as will be
presently described At a point substantially midway between its upper and lower
ends the head 1 is provided with a plurality of radially disposed tubes 6, there
being as herein shown five of such tubes, each of which contains a plurality of
longitudinal slits 7, of euch width that, while they afford free passage for water,
they will prevent the passage of the particles of sand or other material composing
the filter bed I prefer to provide each tube with a number of such slits or pass-
ages, beginning alternately at or near opposite ends of the tube and extending
slightly beyond the middle point thereof as shown in the drawing, as I thereby
avoid weakening the tube to any appreciable extent, but I do not confine myself
to such arrangement of the slits The tubes 6 are preferably composed of thin
sheet metal so that, when a reverse current of washing water is forced through
the head and out through the tubes under considerable pressure, the tubes will
expand slightly and thus afford an increased area of water-way through their alits
and also ensure the removal of any particles of filtering material that may have
become lodged in the slits The valve thus constructed being secured in position
at the bottom of the filtering chamber, the filtered water, during the filtering
operation, percolates through the filter bed and, entering the tubes 6 through the
fits 7, passes into the head 1 and from thence passes through the nipple 2 to the
Altered water compartment of the filter or passes off through a pipe to which said

page_text: nipple is connected, the particles composing the filter bed being retained within
the filtering chamber During the washing operation the course of the water is
reversed, it then entering the head 1 through the nipple 2 and passing outwardly
through the slits in the tubes 6 and upwardly through the filter bed, agitating
and cleaning the latter, and finally passing off through an outlet at the top of the
filter By means of the descubed atiangement of the central head and radiating
tubes I provide a sand valve which is of simple but strong and durable construo-
tion, and the combined water delivering capacity of which is equal to that of the
nipple 2, while, at the same time, it obviates the necessity of using wire or other
The
screens to prevent the escape of the filtering material from the chamber
particular shape, in cross-section, of the head 1 or the tubes 6 is not material, but
I prefer to make them as herein shown
In large filters there will be a number of the valves distributed over the bottom
of the filtering chamber, and to protect the valves from being injured when the
filter bed is being placed in and removed from the chamber, I prefer to provide them
with a guard composed of a base 8 having a central hub to embrace the nipple 2
and radiating arms which underlie the tubes 6, and a cover 5 having a central hub
to embrace the stud or bolt 3 and resting upon a shoulder at the base of the latter,
and having radiating arms which cover the tubes 6 A slot or recess 9 in the
lower edge of the arms of the cover 5, shown in Figure 2, permits the water to pass
freely between said arms and the arms of the base 8, to and from the tubes 6, and
the operation of the valve is the same whether a guard be employed or not. The
nut 4 on the stud or bolt 3 and a nut 10 on the nipple 2 serve to lock the two
members of the guard securely to the head 1 Other forms of guard can be
employed if desired
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A sand valve for filters, consisting of a hollow head provided with a plurality
of laterally extending arms or branches each of which contains a narrow opening
to permit the passage of water while preventing the passage of particles of filter-
ing material, for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.
2. A sand valve for filters, comprising a globular head provided with a plurality
of radiating tubes, each of which tubes is provided with one or more longitudınal
Blits adapted to permit the passage of water while preventing the passage of particles
of filtering material, for the purpose herein before set forth
3. A sand valve for filters, composed of the head 1 having the nipple 2 and
radiating tubes 6, said tubes being provided with the slits 7, for the purpose herein-
before set forth
4 The combination with the valve composed of the head 1 and slitted tubes 6,
of the guard composed of the base 8 and cover 5, for the purpose hereinbefore set
forth.
Dated this 4th day of June 1898
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C, and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents

page_text: .
Each Document must contain barcodes as per prepping instruction
. Barcodes must always be in the above order
Document should be counted in increments on 1, 1 e 1 2 3 4 5 etc and in logical sequer
Every new document should have its own separation sheet

page_text: Date of Application, 4th June, 1898-Accepted, 9th July, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Straining Wire in Fences and the like.
I, JAMES JACKLIN WARD, of 42, High Street, Eton, Bucks, Coal Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:—
The invention relates to improvements in straining wire for fencing and like
purposes
The devices at present in use consist of ratchets, screws, blocks and similar appli-
ances all of which are expensive to manufacture although efficient when in use.
The apparatus which my correspondents have devised forming the subject matter
of the present invention is a very simple and efficacious means of straining wire
which is cheap and easy to manufacture no special tools being required.
The improved apparatus will be clearly understood by the aid of the following
description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which,
Figure 1 is an elevation, and
Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 Figure 1 of a straining post to which
the wire is secured by means of the present invention. A 18 the post and B the
wire which is passed through a horizontal orifice A¹ to the straining pin or key C;
said pin consists of a rod of round iron having an eye C¹ formed at or near the
end by welding or bending the end of the rod or in any other suitable manner
A³ is a horizontal notch in the post in which the key C can take a bearing, said
notch is in the drawing shown as being on a level with the orifice A', but it may
be above or below said orifice if desired.
The method of securing the wire 18 somewhat as follows:-
:-
The end of the wire 18 passed through the orifice A¹ to the back of the post
and drawn as tightly as possible being bent at right angles at the post to prevent
it slipping back, the end of wine is now passed through the eye C¹ of the key, the
latter being moved along until it arrives at the position shewn in Figure 1, the eye
being clear of the post. A lever such as a rod of iron or the like is now passed
through the key and the latter rotated on its axis so that the wire 18 wrapped
round the stem thereof in the manner shewn and it will be readily understood
that a considerable amount of force may in this way be exerted and the wire
drawn quite tight When the wire is sufficiently tightened the loose end which
projects from the eye of the key is passed round the front of the post in the
manner shewn in Figure 2, and twisted round the tight portion of the wire and
the key is thereby prevented from rotating in the reverse direction and slackening
the wire when the lever is removed, if the wire becomes slack the loose end may
be untwisted and the lever again inserted in the eye of the key and the latter
rotated to draw the wire tight again Other means for securing the loose end
of the wire so as to prevent the key or pin from running back may be employed.
In some cases the noteh A may be dispensed with but it is useful as forming
a bearing in which the key can be rotated when tightening the wire.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim 18 —
1. The combination with a wire and a straining post for the same of a key
or pin through an orifice in which the wire passes and round which the wire is
wound, the loose end of said wire being secured so as to prevent the key or pin
turning back substantially as described.
2 The improved means for straining wire substantially as described with
reference to the accompanying drawings
1000
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
322, High Holborn, London, W.C, Patent Agents for the Applicant.