AN ENTIRE NEW MACHINE OR MACHINES FOR SPINNING AND ROVING SHEEP'S AND LAMBS' WOOL, FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAKING CLOTH, OR ANY AND EVERY OTHER PURPOSE WHEREIN WOOLLEN YARN IS USED, IN A MUCH CHEAPER AND MORE EXPEDITIOUS MANNER THAN ANY HITHERTO USED, AND WHICH MAY BE WORKED BY WATER, HORSE, HAND, OR ANY OTHER THING THAT IS CAPABLE OF GIVING MOTION TO THE SAME
Year: 1786

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PAUL
HIGTON, of Shrewsbury, in the County of Salop, Flax Dresser, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the
Twenty-first day of February, in the twenty-sixth year of His reign, give
and grant unto me, the said Paul Higton, His especial licence that I, the said
Paul Higton, during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN ENTIRE NEW MACHINE OR MACHINES FOR
SPINNING AND ROVING SHEEP'S AND LAMBS' WOOL, FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAKING
CLOTH, OR ANY AND EVERY OTHER PURPOSE WHEREIN WOOLLEN YARN IS USED, IN A MUCH
CHEAPER AND MORE EXPEDITIOUS MANNER THAN ANY HITHERTO USED, AND WHICH MAY
BE WORKED BY WATER, HORSE, HAND, OR ANY OTHER THING THAT IS CAPABLE OF GIVING
MOTION TO THE SAME;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a pro-
viso obliging me, the said Paul Higton, under my hand and seal, to cause a
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and how the same
is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majestie's High Court of Chancery,
within one calendar month after the date of the said recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, relation being thereunto had, may more and fully at
larve annear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Paul Higton, do hereby declare that my said Invention is describe in the
above Plan and the description thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Paul Higton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of March, One thousand seven
hundred and eighty-six.

page_text: Figure the first
are.
turn
may
Exhibits the operation of Spinning Woollen Yarn from the Cards till it is compleatly finished on the Bobbin and is composed of the following parts A
represents the Feeders and are shewn more at large in 2 and 3 adjoining - a is an horizontal wheel of eleven teeth above which on the same axis is the worm b which gives
motion to the worm wheel c.c. of ten teeth on its axis is the grooved wheel d.d. an inch in diameter this gives motion to the plain wheele and which is forced against the grooved
wheel d by the spring h.h. which is fastened to the frame n. n. n. and conducts the Carding from the Cards to the stubber or Rover B and delivers it fuster or slower by altering the f
number of teeth in the worm wheel c or by altering the diameter of the grooved wheel'd or by altering the number of teeth in the pinion b on the upright shaft E at two inches below B
represents the Stubber or Rover and its parts are shown more at large in 4.5.6.7. und & adjoining represents the upper side of a three inch wheel with twenty four teeth on its surface
is a plain wheel a which the spring b. b. forces against the grooved wheel c. one third of an inch diameter on its axis is a plain wheel d. shown more at large in 8 a wheel an inch and
three quarters diameter with fourteen teeth and when I is put in motion the wheel d. receives a motion from the horizontal wheel c. on 6 which is of the same diameter, and number
of teeth as the wheel d. t is supported and kept at three quarters of an inch distance from 6 by three friction wheels i. i. i fixed in 6 these act on a circular bead on the underside
of 4. represented by n. n. n. on 5 where r. is a socket an inch in length and the same in diameter 4 and 6 are held together by the friction Rotters veruved to the socket r which
comes through the hole p. in 6 and is represented on the underside of 6 by. 0.0.0 on 7. The use of B is to draw and twist the l'arding delivered by the Feeders into any assigned
length in proportion as the feeders.
e permitted to turn it down or in proportion to the number of teeth in the wheel I on the upright shaft E The stubber or rover B gives one-
to every inch of stubbing or you it draws but is made to give more or less in proportion to the size of the wheel it or by varying the diameter of the grooved whill i. A and B.
be worked jointly with C as they are here represented in Figure the first or they may be worked, separately that is by leaving out C and putting D in its place these being fixed unders
the stripping Cylinder of a Carding Machine which may be made to give motion to the upright shaft P in such proportion that the Tieders will just receive the Carding as fast as the Cards
turn it off at the same time proportioning the twist given by the spindle D to the size of the stubbing or Yarn you may not only stub with A. B. and D. but by proportioning the wool on
the cloth of the Carding machine you may opin the Carding into such sized yarn as will be fet to make common cloth of N.B. Slubbing requires from one to three turns in an inch and
when drawn into yurn from four to twenty turns in an inch in proportion to the fineness or courseness of either. At three inches below is C. which represents the last drawing machine
and its parts are shown more at large in 9. 10. 11. 12. and 13 adjoining I is the front plate of the pame three inches high and two and a half broad on which a is a bevel fried whil
one inch in diameter with eight bith on the same axis is the wheel b. an inch and half diameter with twelve teeth, this gives motion to the wheel C. of the same number of teeth and equal
in diameter to the wheel 6. below is the wheel it. three quarter of an inch diameter with six teeth and takes its motion from the whil b. _ 10 shews six small wheels which act between f
the front and back plates of the frame and drew the stubbing into any assigned length b.c. and it one the grooved wheels shown more at large in 12 these three wheels are
fixed on
the creme axis as the front wheels represented by the same litters b. c. and d. in I the grooved wheel C. bring three eighths of an inch diameter and the grooved wheels b. and it
each six eighths of an inch diameter. e.e.c. are three plain wheels when more at large in 13 then wheels are forced against the grooved wheels b. c. and it by springs pressing against
their uxis on both sides the fame and is shown by i. i. i on the back plute w these springs may be adjusted by the screws 2.2.2. each of the aforesaid grooved wheels ought to
have some soft substance wrapped round the groove to prevent the plain wheels cutting the stubbing or yarn This frame is made to draw faster or slower in proportion to the
number of leth in the faced wheel a. I and is made to draw it finer or courser by altering the diameter of the grooved wheels and by altering the size and number of teeth
in the front wheels b. c. d. 9_ at three inches below is D which represents the spindle twelve inches long on the top of which is fixed the grooved conductor b. this is steadied by af
slip of iron c. on the spindle I) is the bobbin d, which is moved up and down by the board e.c. which is fully explained and shewn in figure the Second n. represents a pinion on the
anindle I) of live beeth which is mude to go faster or slower in proportion to the sound number of teeth in the wheels that give it motion. At three inches distance is the upright
shaft which
+
wheel u. A. Corries wheels that give motion to all the aforesaid parts HB.CD b is a pinion of eight teeth acting on the pinion Z by which it communicates its motion to the
which three inches diameter with twenty four teeth and gives izftion to 4. B. d. is a pinion of eight teeth and acts on the pinion x by which it communicates its
motion to the faced wheel a. C.e. w a wheel two inches and a half diameter with twenty five teeth and acts on the pinion i of five teeth on its axis is the wheel r. two inches and a half.
diameter with twenty five teeth this acts on the spindle pinion n. D. The upright shaft E may have a proper motion given it by the Carding machine to which it is applied and is
capable of turning as many sets of A. B. C and D as there are garters on the Cards & which it is applied by communicating its motion to them by wheels as they stand directly under
the garters or that part of figure the second which is explained from the wheel b. to the pinion n being applied to the upright shaft making the axis of the pinion n. the upright shaft
and adding one third more motion to the Spindle Devery revolution of the great wheel h. will turn down sixty seven inches and a half of good woollen yarn, but if it is for stubbing
only continue that part of figure the second from the wheel b. as aforesaid to the pinion/ p. its axis being the upright shaft leave out C Figure the first and slacken the motion of the
spindle D two thirds and every revolution of the great wheel k will turn down eighty five inches of good stubbing which may be spun into three hundred and forty inches of fine purn
by Figure the second where Cis worked separately from A and B Figure the first figure the second. represents an elevation of a machine wherein bis a wheel of twelve teeth which
uots on the wheel C of eighty four teeth on which is the crank wheel & which by the help of the line ffff which runs on the pullies 7.7.7. raises and falls the board e.e. which keeps
the bobbins y.gin continual motion on the spindles i. i. that the conductors h 14 may fill the bobbins from end to end with yarn k. is a wheel two feet diameter with sixty teeth and
acts on the pinion 1 of eight teeth on its axis is a faced wheel in three inches and a half diameter and twelve teeth which acts on the pinion n. of six teeth and may be removed from
the bottom of its axis where it is seen in the figure to the top at 6 which steadies it and the wheel m. will act in it and thereby reverse the motion of the spindles i i. and give a f
different twist to the youn. On the axis of the pinion n is a five inch wheel O with forty teeth which acts on the pinion p. of seven teeth on its axis is a five inch wheel with forty teeth
which acts on the spindle pinions r. r. of vixken teeth each the five inch wheels q. a also act in the pinuns of eight teeth the wheels q.q. and pinion s may be continued with the spindles
ii and frames tt. as far as your power is capable of giving motion, a.a is the axis of the wheel I on which is fixed at every six inches distance a bevel faced five inch wheel uu. with forty
teeth which acts in the faced wheel a. 9.C figure the first the frames on which they act tt as well as the steps of the spindles ii rest on the sliders zzzz. and sliders on the arms of the
frame 1.4.4.4 and are kept in work by the springs 2.2.2.2. which act in the arms of 4.4.4.4 and these sliders are thrown out of work by the springs 3.3.3.3. and made fast to the woodwork
of the fame Y. Y. Y. y. W. W. are the bobbins which contain the stubbings and supply the frames t.t. therewith xx. are wires that the bobbins run upon every revolution of the wheel k wille
turn down twenty two inches and a half of yarn to each bobbin 55 two slips of iron which steadies the spindles i.i._
19.9
This Figure shows only one height of spindles but it may be worked with two by which a frame of forty eight spindles will be seven feet long four feet high and one foot wide
figure the Third represents a perspective view of the machine the references of which coincide with and serve to elucidate Figure the second.
The wheels and pinions in the above deruded machem may or made farm or smaller beth in the size: q'each wheel and pencen and also in the number of eth on each wheel and
pinion as
My
also the
:pume and viser appendages answeravie thereto, and it will not only stub and spin woollen but also cotton hemp hair silk fur flax and tow, and in stead of
wheels and pinions they may be worked either by shaps cords or chains at pleasure by rither hand horse water or any other thing that is capable of giving motion to the same a a. a. a. 14. Figure
the first represents four slubbers fixed on a board under four fillets on the striping cylinder of a Carding machine under them is fixed four such spindles as represented by I figure the first these
as well as the stubbers may have a proper motion given them by the shap cord or chain h h which is put in motion by the pulley b on the upright shaft B the cord h.h. is kept tight by the moveable
pulley e to which is fixed a cord f which runs over the pulley d. and through a hole in the board on the end under the board a weight is made fast which always keeps the cord the same
-lightness c.c.c.c is pulleys fixed so as to force the cord very tight against the stubbers b. b. b. b. 15. figure the first represents the whirls r.r. on the spindles i.i. figure the second and third
which is put in motion by the strap cord or chain c.c. and receives its motion from the pulley y on the upright shaft E and is kept tight with the pulley cord and weight e.f.d, as)
explained in the last figures a. a is pulleys fixed to force the cord against the whirld b.bb.b C Figure the 2nd represents a plate whereon is fixed a grooved and plain wheel with a spring the
sume as
: explained in 4 figure the first with a pinion a of six teeth on the grooved wheels axis and B. figure the second a wheel with twelve teeth to be fastened on the socket r 5 figure the
1st and the plate C screwed fast to 7 figure the first so that the wheel B may act in the pinion a. c. figure the second thus applied will draw every inch of stubbing delivered by the stubber
into two inches A. Figure the 2nd represents a Conductor which the Carding passeth through to the stubber N.B. The Stubber B figure the 10th may be applied to figure the 2nd in the place
of the frames tt and worked with the horizontal shaft a and wheels u.u a figure the 2nd or with a single stap cord or chain in lieu of being doubled as in 1.4. figure the 1st