IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL AND IN THE SOLIDIFYING OF COAL- DUST AND OTHER SUBSTANCES BY AGGLOMERATION."
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Adolphe Pierre Vassard, of 7, Carlton Square, New
Cross, in the County of Kent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL AND IN THE SOLIDIFYING OF COAL-
DUST AND OTHER SUBSTANCES BY AGGLOMERATION."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Adolphe Pierre Vissard
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 6th March 1878.
I, ADOLPHE PIERRE VASSARD, of 7, Carlton Square, New Cross, in
3 the County of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL AND IN THE
SOLIDIFYING OF COAL-DUST AND OTHER SUBSTANCES BY AGGLOMERATION," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object to improve and simplify the agglo-
0 meration of coal, coke, or any combustible dust or materials to render
them fit for fuel or solidify them for other purposes.

page_text: The improvement consists in using a solution of sulphate of alumina
or any other soluble salt of alumina in conjunction with lime slaked in
air, carbonate of lime, or common limestone as an agglomerating
medium.
The method of carrying out this Invention is, firstly, to thoroughly 5
mix the lime, carbonate of lime, or limestone, with the coal, coke, or
other combustible dust or materials to be solidified; secondly, to add a
solution of about the strength of 30° to 40° Beaumé of the sulphate of
alumina in solution or of other soluble salt of alumina, mixing the whole
well together; when the mixture thereby becomes ready to be com- 1
pressed into blocks which speedily harden. By this process the very
objectionable formation of clinker in fuel which the use of other agglo-
merating ingredients is apt to produce is prevented.
Without limiting the process strictly to any given proportions the
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 20
filed by the said Adolphe Pierre Vassard in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 6th September 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ADOLPHE
PIERRE VASSARD, of 7, Carlton Square, New Cross, in the County of
Kent, send greeting.
20
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Adolphe Pierre Vassard, Her 3
special license that I, the said Adolphe Pierre Vassard, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Adolphe Pierre Vassard, my executors, administrators, and assigns,

page_text: •
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make,. use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
6 Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL AND IN
'THE SOLIDIFYING OF COAL-DUST AND OTHER SUBSTANCES BY AGGLOMERATION," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Adolphe Pierre Vassard,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
O ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and-cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Adolphe Pierre Vassard, do hereby
5 declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner, the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :—
This Invention has for its object to improve and simplify the agglo-
meration of coal, coke, or any combustible dust or materials, to render
O them fit for fuel or solidify them for other purposes.
The improvement consists in using a solution of sulphate of alumina
or it may be the aluminate of soda in conjunction with lime, carbonate
of lime, common limestone, or any other alkali or alkaline carth as an
agglomerating medium.
5: The method of carrying out this Invention is, firstly, to throughly
mix the lime, carbonate of lime or limestone, or other alkali or alkaline
earth in a state of powder with the coal, coke, or other combustible dust
or materials to be solidified; secondly, to add a solution at about the
'strength of 30 to 40° Beaumé of the salt of alumina, mixing the whole
O well together when the mixture thereby becomes ready to be compressed
into blocks which speedily harden. .
The moulding machines now in use for moulding artificial fuel may
be employed to mould blocks of these materials.
When lime is employed in the mixture it hardens more rapidly than
5 when its carbonate is employed, and for this roason I. usually prefer to
employ limo which is bettor when slaked. If carbonate of lime or
.

page_text: limestone is used, the mixture should be worked for a considerable timė
before moulding to allow the carbonic acid gas to escape; I prefer to
employ crude sulphate of alumina prepared by dissolving clay in
sulphuric acid.
Without limiting the process strictly to any given proportions &
the quantities generally suitable for the manufacture of fuel are as
follows:-
Coal, coke, or other dust or material
-
-
″
100 parts.
- 5 to 10 "
Sulphate of alumina or aluminate of soda in solution) 5t
at to
Lime of any of the kinds mentioned
- 1 to 8 "
By this process the very objectionable formation of clinker in fuel
which the use of other agglomerating ingredients is apt to produce is
prevented.
1
For the manufacture of building and such like blocks the following 1
proportions are suitable :-
Stone dust, marble dust, sand or chalk
->
100 parts.
Sulphate of alumina or aluminate of soda, in solution at } 20 t
33 and 35 Beaumé
•
Lime of any of the kinds mentioned
20 to 30 "
10 to 20,,
What I claim is the agglomeration of coal, coke, or other combustible
dust or other material, to render them fit for fuel, or solidify them for
other purposes by the use of sulphate of alumina or aluminate of soda
in conjunction with slaked lime, carbonate of lime, common limestone,
or any other alkali or alkaline carth, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Adolphe Pierre Vassard, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
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