IMPROVEMENTS IN RENDERING PAPER WATERPROOF
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Alfred Turner, of the City of Manchester.
in the County of Lancaster, Paper Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RENDERING PAPER WATERPROOF."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RENDERING PAPER WATERPROOF."
Sealed the 20th December 1859, and dated the 31st October 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Alfred Turner.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 31st October 1859.
I, JAMES ALFRED TURNER, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Paper Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RENDERING PAPER WATERPROOF," to be as
follows:-
I make a composition of caoutchouc, gutta percha, resin, and any ground
mineral dissolved by naptha, turpentine, or other well known solvents which
I spread between two sheets of paper and then pass the same through rollers,
or to accomplish the same object I put tar between two sheets of paper, but
I prefer the former method as being more durable.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Alfred Turner in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th April 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
ALFRED TURNER, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Paper Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Alfred Turner, Her special licence that I, the said
James Alfred Turner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said James Alfred Turner, my executors, administrators,
und assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RENDERING PAPER WATERPROOF," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Alfred Turner, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Alfred Turner, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and the-manner in which the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say):-
I make a composition of caoutchouc, gutta percha, resin, benzene,
caoutchine, or any ground mineral dissolved by naptha, camphine, turpentine,
or other well known solvents which I spread between, two sheets of paper and
then pass the said double paper united by the said composition through or
between rollers arranged in any convenient form; or I accomplish the same
object by putting tar between two sheets of paper as aforesaid, but I prefer the
former method as being more durable.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be distinctly understood
that I do not claim the application of the aforesaid composition to woven

page_text: fabrics, felt, or similar articles, as I am aware that such application has been
already adopted; but I claim as my Invention, and which, to the best of my
knowledge and belief has not been hitherto used within the realm, the
application of a composition consisting of caoutchouc, gutta percha, resin, or
other ground mineral dissolved by naptha, camphine, turpentine, or other
soluble solvents to paper as herein described for the purpose of making it
waterproof.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Alfred Turner, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
JAMES ALFRED TURNER. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named James Alfred Turner, in the
presence of
JAMES ALFRED TURNER. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named James Alfred Turner, in the
presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.