Improvements in Lamps or Lanterns suitable for Burning Petroleum and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps or Lanterns suitable for Burning Petroleum
and the like.
A communication from abroad from GEORG WILHELM LYTH, of 7 Bryggare-
gatan, Stockholm, Sweden, Philosophical Instrument Maker.
I, SAMUEL HENRY GLADSTONE, of 7 Great Winchester Strect, Old Broad
Street, E.C. Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to lamps or lanterns (hereinafter called a lamp) suitable
for burning petroleum or the like and has for object to construct a lamp adapted
to emit light all around it (and therefore especially suitable to be fixed to a buoy,
for instance); to burn with a steady flame even in a severe storm without
protection, and to continue burning with the same intensity of light during a long
time, without attention.
In order to avoid the use of any feeding-pipe that would obstruct the light in
any direction, the oil-reservoir is located wholly beneath the burner; and is placed
so near to it that the wick will be able to carry up sufficient oil during the whole
of the time that the lamp has to burn without the reservoir having to be
replenished. This time being comparatively long, the reservoir is adapted to hold
a considerable quantity of oil; and as the oil-level in the reservoir must not sink
during this time so low as to prevent the wick from carrying up the necessary
quantity of oil with certainty, the reservoir is made with comparatively large
horizontal dimensions.
The burner of the lamp is round and provided with a central air-tube; and for
the purpose of enabling the lamp to burn with a steady flame even during a severe
storm, this central air-tube is prolonged downwards through an opening in the
bottom of the oil-reservoir, and this opening is surrounded by a vessel which
communicates by means of one or several air-tubes with the space around the
flame within the lens-arrangement or the lantern. It has been proved to be
advantageous under certain circumstances to provide the bottom of this vessel
with one or more small holes.
To prevent the oil in the reservoir from being put into violent agitation that
would interfere with the absorption of the oil by the wick and thereby lessen the
intensity of the light, the reservoir is provided with a number of perforated
partition-walls, which may be arranged more or less radially.
To ensure that the intensity of light shall be constant, means are provided for
enabling the gas generated in the wick-tube of the burner to escape freely as
fust as it is generated, without being obstructed by the crust that forms on the
wick after the lantern has been burning a short time and which, in the case of
ordinary burners, gradually reduces the intensity of the light and causes explosions
in the wick-tube. For this purpose the burner is provided, around the wick, with
an annular outlet between the wick and the external or internal tubes of the
burner, or with a similar outlet on each side of the wick. This arrangement

page_text: enables the gas to escape and reach the flame and thus increase the intensity of
the light; it also creates on one or each side of the wick an air-current that
serves to consume and reduce the said crust.
Dated this 25th day of March 1896.
Improvements in Lamps or Lanterns suitable for Burning Petroleum
and the like.
A communication from abroad from GEORG WILHELM LYTH, of 7 Bryggare-
gatan, Stockholm, Sweden, Philosophical Instrument Maker.
I, SAMUEL HENRY, GLADSTONE, of 7 Great Winchester Street, Old Broad
Street, E.C., Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a lamp or lantern (hereinafter called a lamp) suitable
for burning petroleum or the like, and has for object to construct a lamp adapted
to emit light all around it (and therefore especially suitable to be fixed to a buoy,
for instance); to burn with a steady flame even in a severe storm without
protection, and to continue burning with the same intensity of light during a long
time, without attention.
In order to avoid the use of any feeding pipe that would obstruct the light in
any direction, the oil-reservoir is located wholly beneath the lens-arrangement of
the lamp, and is placed so near to it that the wick will be able to carry up sufficient
oil during the whole of the time that the lamp has to burn without the reservoir
having to be replenished. This time being comparatively long, the reservoir is
adapted to hold a considerable quantity of oil; and as the oil-level in the reservoir
must not sink during this time so low as to prevent the wick from carrying up the
necessary quantity of oil with certainty, the reservoir is made with comparatively
large horizontal dimensions and small depth.
The burner of the lamp is round and provided with a central air-tube; and for
the purpose of enabling the lamp to burn with a steady flame even during a severe
storm, this central air-tube is prolonged downwards through an opening in the
.bottom of the oil-reservoir, and this opening is surrounded by a vessel which
communicates by means of one or several air-tubes with the space around the
flame within the lens-arrangement or the lantern. It has been proved to be
advantageous under certain circumstances to provide the bottom of this vessel
with one or more small holes below the opening of the said central air-tube.
To prevent the oil in the reservoir from being put into violent agitation that
would interfere with the absorption of the oil by the wick and thereby lessen the
intensity of the light, the reservoir is provided with a number of perforated
partition-walls, which may be arranged more or less radially.
To ensure that the intensity of light shall be constant, means are provided for
enabling the gas generated in the wick-tube of the burner to escape freely as fast
as it is generated, without being obstructed by the crust that forms on the wick
after, the lantern has been burning a short time and which, in the case of ordinary
burners, gradually reduces the intensity of the light and causes explosions in the
wick tube. For this purpose the burner is provided around the wick, with an

page_text: annular outlet between the wick and the external or it may be the internal tube
of the burner, or with a similar outlet on each side of the wick. This arrange-
ment enables the gas to escape and reach the flame and thus increase the intensity
of the light; it also creates on one or each side of the wick an air-current that
serves to consume and reduce the amount of the said crust.
In the accompanying drawing
Fig. is a vertical section, partly in elevation, showing so much of a lamp
constructed according to this invention as is necessary to understand the same.
Fig. 2 is a part horizontal section of the lamp on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, showing the upper part of the
burner.
1 is the oil-reservoir arranged as herein before described, and 2 is the burner
with the central air-tube 3. The annular space 4 for the wick 5 (Fig. 3) commu-
nicates with the interior of the reservoir through holes 6. The bottom of the
oil-reservoir at the part thereof below the air tube 3, is formed with an opening
in which is inserted a tube 7 that is tightly connected to the bottom of the
reservoir and reaches above the top part 8 thereof. This tube which is slightly
contracted at the top, fits closely in the air-tube 3 and serves as a guide for the
burner. 9 is the vessel surrounding the opening of the tube 7. 10, 10 are two
small holes formed in the bottom of the vessel below the air tube 7. 11, 12 are
two tubes passing through the oil-reservoir and connecting the interior of the
vessel 9 with the space within the lens arrangement 13 into which space the air
enters through holes 14 in its bottom plate 15, which is located a short distance
above the top part 8 of the reservoir. Above the holes 14 is a deflector 16.
17 are the partition-walls in the reservoir 1, which are shown arranged radially
and provided with two rows of holes 18 near the bottom.
From Fig. 3 it will be seen that the annular wick 5 is in close contact with the
central air-tube 3, but that an open space 19 is left between it and the outer tube 20,21
of the burner. The top of the wick is surrounded by a ring 22, which is by
means of the brackets 23 attached to and kept at a small distance from the upper
part 20 which is made removable, of the outer tube of the burner. In a similar
manner an open annular space may be left between the wick and the inner tube 3,
respectively or between the wick and the outer as well as the inner tube of the
burner, if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. A lamp or lantern suitable for burning petroleum and the like, comprising
an oil-reservoir 1 of large horizontal dimensions and small depth located below
the lens-arrangement and provided with a number of perforated partition walls 17
and with a closed vessel 9 that is arranged under the bottom of the reservoir and
is in communication with the space around the burner and a round burner 2
provided with a central air-tube 3, that passes through the oil-reservoir and
opens in the said vessel 9, substantially as and for the purposes described, whether
or not the bottom of the said vessel 9 be provided with one or more small
holes 10.
2. The improved lamp or lantern shown in and described with reference to the
drawings annexed.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Applicant's Agent.