A Knitting Machine to be Combined with and Worked by an Ordinary Sewing Machine.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 9th June, 1891-Accepted, 12th Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Knitting Machine to be Combined with and Worked by an
Ordinary Sewing Machine.
We, NOEL ADUCCI, Financial Agent, RUGGIERO PETRINI, Engineer, and
CORRADINO PETRINI, Engineer, all of Forli in the Province of Emilia. in the
Kingdom of Italy do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of our invention is to construct a knitting machine to be combined
with and worked by an ordinary sewing machine, and with which all kinds of
knitted articles can be made. This object we attain in a manner which we shall
now proceed to describe, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.
The machine consists of a plate A B C D (Fig. 2 Sheet 1) shown full size,
It is thus constructed so that it
upon which rests the machine properly said.
can be applied and affixed to any sewing machine, exactly in the same place as
would be occupied by the shuttle plate, that is the plate which is opened when
the shuttle is wanted to be taken out, taking the same position as this; as in the
original Margherita system, the plan of which is shown by Fig. 1 Sheet 1, and this
is done without any modification being necessary or in any way disturbing the
arrangements of the sewing machine.
The knitting machine only requires the foot or pressure bar and the needle bar
of the ordinary sewing machine for its working. The foot of the sewing machine
is that which alone puts the whole mechanism of this invention in motion, which is
nothing more or less than an important accessory for the sewing machine.
The plate A. B. C. D. (Fig. 2) before referred to, has another underneath,
which is made of dimensions according to the size of the plate of the particular
sewing machine to which the apparatus is intended to be applied.
With regard to the position of the needle and of the thread, it will be the same
as for the sewing machine.
Every piece of the apparatus is marked with the same figure or letter in every
corresponding figure shewn in the drawings of the first sheet.
Fig. 5 (Sheet 1) is a plan of the pieces put together or otherwise the principal
components of the mechanism of the apparatus detached from Fig. 2, to render
them more visible and clear, thereby shewing the manner of connecting them.
f, g, h, Fig. 5, is a flat arm or piece in the shape of a T and fixed on to the
plate A. B. C. D.
The principal working piece E (drawn separately with plan and front elevation in
Fig. 11, to better explain it,) moves horizontally on a screwed axle, and is placed
on the arm f. . h. (Fig. 5).
With the elbow shaped arm 4 & 5 Fig. 5, it is made to embrace the foot or
pressure bar of the sewing machine with which it is combined and by which it is
moved.
On the same piece E is placed the fork F on a screwed pivot i front drawing of
which is shown at Fig. 6. This fork, having its prongs like those of a watch's
anchor can, at will, with one or the other catch in the small cog-wheel G which
turns round on a pivot screwed on to the plate A. B. C. D.
This same cog-wheel G in its turn will meet the teeth of a rack H (Fig. 2) to
which it can transmit an alternative movement.
On the said piece E is screwed a small piece K which will push forward, one
by one, the cogs of the wheel L (Fig. 2) which being fixed to the disk M forces

page_text: this too to turn in the direction indicated by the arrow, a spiral spring keeping it
adherent to the wheel L.
The screw S. (Fig. 3 & 5) which is placed at the turned end of the arm f. g. h.,
traversing with its cylindrical prolongation the pivot 6, serves to disengage the
piece K from the wheel L, when the disk M is required to be thrown out of
operation.
The arm f. g. h. (Fig. 5) has a pivot 6 that forms the centre of the disk M.
(Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4,) and also serves to oppose the spiral spring x (Fig. 5) which
compels the piece E always to return to the position shown in the drawing, every
time that piece is moved in the direction of the arrow by the action of the pressure
bar or foot of the sewing machine, and the spiral referred to has been added to
remedy the insufficiency of the spring of the pressure bar or foot in its backward
niovement.
The ratchet wheel N (Figs. 2 & 5) (front and side view in the 1st and 3rd figs.)
has its axle screwed on to the plate A. B. C. D. and is composed in its upper
part of 10 teeth and in its lower part by only 5 teeth all bent in the same
direction.
On the latter leans the anchor piece n which is displaced every time a tooth of
the small wheel N moves forward. This anchor (front view Fig. 6) is supported
on a pivot screwed on to the plate A B C D. having the end of the other arm O
maintained between the points of a small tongue P (Fig. 5 & 6) which is made
to pass round the pivot i and is supported by an edging placed upon the small
fork F.
The disk M. (Fig. 2) with front view Fig. 1, 3, 4, is the regulator of the knitting
work or crochet and it avails itself of the axle 6 for its centre (Fig. 5 & 2). It
has 40 holes (but it may have a greater or less number) placed at equal distances
near the extremity of its circumference in which some small pivots or teeth will,
in the working of the machine, be placed to be taken away and replaced again in
such numbers and order as may be required by the design of the work desired to
be executed and they will act as teeth with the part that protrudes at the back of
the disk and will also fit the teeth of the ratchet wheel N (Fig. 2) which
will be accordingly moved. In the same figures one of these pivots is shown
marked 7.
A set of racks of a special design is represented and marked H (Sheet 1 Fig. 4)
the front view at the back of Fig. 1, the plan shown at Fig. 2, side view Fig. 3 and
section Fig. 8.
It has a special corner section drawn double size (Sheet 2 Fig. 2 & 4) and is
formed thus: the lower part by a set of teeth of a special form (Sheet 2, Fig. 8
& 7) represented four times its size, the front part by a row of small pivots
with intermediate fluting and the hind part by another row of ordinary teeth.
The said rack H hangs on and swings between the guide
(Sheet 1, Fig. 7 and side view Fig. 8).
shown half its size
The piece (Sheet 1, Fig. 2; separate drawing Fig. 9) is placed on the guide >>
of the rack and runs between two screws.
The two moulds t u Fig. 1 and 2 are to be applied when wanted to the rack H
and each one is to be situated precisely between the void part of the hind teeth and
the vacuum of the front small pivots so as to determine the two ends of the breadth
of the work to be done in ordinary knitting.
Whenever this machine is applied to or combined with a sewing machine of a
given system, furnished with its ordinary shuttle, swinging shuttle or rotatory book
or any other kind, the shuttle is substituted by another, having a conic like shaped
projection (as shown in the drawing Sheet 1 Fig. 1 and 3 Q) and double size
(Sheet 2 Fig. 1 and 2 Q which is a copy of the original Margherita system of
sewing machines) its use being that of guiding the thread over the teeth underneath
the rack H.
The spring piece y (Sheet 1 Fig. 10) placed as in Fig. 2, 1, 4, 3 is the looper
on the upper side of which the needle works on its way downwards, Fig. 1 and 3,

page_text: pushing it down so that the small tooth 3 projecting from the inferior piece gliding
by the underneath tooth of the rack H at every descent of the needle a knitted
stitch is done.
For this new apparatus a needle similar to that of an ordinary sewing machine
is used, slightly altered, being of a certain length and possessing a certain flexi-
bility; so that the needle in descending may glide by the fluting of the rack and
in its going up only, passing again by the extremity of the principal piece E (Sheet 1
Fig. 5, 2 and 11) remains detached from the rack together with the knitting stitch,
made and pushed out by the same.
How THE STITCH IS MADE.
The stitch is formed as follows:-
:―
While the needle is descending between the two small teeth of the rack H (Sheet 1
Fig. 1 and 2), the thread which follows it is taken up by the first tooth when the
needle is returning, the thread which it carries with it is taken by the small
shuttle and sliding on its conic part a (Sheet 2 Fig. 1 and 2) winds itself up
around the inferior tooth of the rack and so on until the first row of knitted stitches
has been made on the said teeth (Sheet 2 Fig. 1).
It is then that the rack begins its retrocession, the needle goes through
the fluting between the two small teeth and through the knitting formerly done.
But before the needle has completed its descent the small hook y, 3 (Sheet 1
Fig. 10) drives off the knitting from the tooth (Sheet 2 Fig. 5 and 6) so that it
becomes embraced by the needle (Sheet 2 Fig. 5, 6, 7) when the same ascends it
draws the thread and brings it through the knitting previously driven off and it is
this same thread that taken by the shuttle, causes it to wind up around the tooth,
so making the new knitted stitch, whilst during this operation the knitting of the
preceding row has slided along the needle and united with that previously done
(Sheet 2 Fig. 8).
Following the alternate run of the rack, the number of the knitted rows will
increase which will extend themselves towards the front of the machine.
The inventors desire to patent the essential parts or pieces of this apparatus
which are in the rack H before described (Sheet 1 Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4) together
with the application on it of the two moulds t u (Fig. 1 and 2), the modifications
in the shape and manufacture of the needle, and of the shuttle, either ordinary one
or the rotatory hook which is of a different shape (as per description given) to
render them suitable for the functions of the new invention.
They also desire to patent the disk M (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) regulator, composer and
creator of the series of designs and works of usual knitting, as well as the hook
knitting which can have any number of holes with the application of their respective
teeth 7 (Fig. 1, 2); also the fork F (Fig. 1, 2, 5 and 6) and small wheel N
(Fig. 5, 2, 1, 3) together with the anchor piece and the screw S (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 5)
as well as the looper y (Fig. 10, 1, 2) and the piece 9 (Fig. 1, 2, 3).
Finally they intend to patent the application or combination of this mechanism
applied to all systems of sewing machines.
Dated this 12th day of September 1890.
JOSEPH PHILLIPS,
Leadenhall Chambers, 4, St. Mary Axe, E.C., Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Knitting Machine to be Combined with and Worked by an
Ordinary Sewing Machine.
We NOEL ADUCCI Financial Agent, RUGGIERO PETRINI Engineer, &
CORRADINO PETRINI Engineer, all of Forli, in the Province of Emilia, in the
Kingdom of Italy, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what

page_text: DESCRIPTION
THE
A new & economical mechanical appliance to knit stockings & stitched work of
all sizes & colours varying the designs infinitely & combined with an ordinary
sewing-machine using as available motor the feeder, the needle-holder or the shuttle
holder of the latter.
This appliance can be constructed in two ways namely it can be easily adapted
to a sewing machine of any system, using as available motor the feeder the needle
holder or the shuttle holder of the latter & also with a special motor to be
described after.
The first object of our invention is to construct a knitting machine to be com-
bined with & worked by an ordinary sewing machine & with which all kinds of
knitted articles can be made. This object we attain in a manner which we shall
now proceed to describe reference being had to the drawings accompanying our
Provisional Specification. The machine consists of a plate A B C D (Fig. 2
Sheet 1) shown full size upon which rests the machine properly said. It is thus
constructed so that it can be affixed to any sewing machine, exactly in the same
place as would be occupied by the shuttle plate, that is the plate which is opened
when the shuttle is wanted to be taken out, taking the same position as this; as in
the original "Margherita" system, the plan of which is shewn by Fig. 1 Sheet 1,
& this is done without any modification being necessary or in any way disturbing
the arrangements of the sewing-machine.
The knitting machine only requires the foot or pressure bar & the needle bar of
the ordinary sewing machine for its working. The foot of the sewing machine is
that which alone puts the whole mechanism in motion, which is nothing more or less
than an important accessory for the sewing machine.
The plate A B C D (Fig. 2) before referred to has another underneath, which is
made of dimensions according to the size of the plate of the particular sewing
machine intended to be applied.
With regard to the position of the needle & of the thread it will be the same as
for the sewing machine.
Every piece of the apparatus is marked with the same figure or letter in every
corresponding figure shewn in the drawings of the first sheet.
Fig. 5 (Sheet 1) is a plan of the pieces put together or otherwise the principal
components of the mechanism of the apparatus detached from Fig. 2 to render
them more visible & clear, thereby shewing the manner of connecting them.
f, g, h, Fig. 5 is a flat arm or piece in the shape of a T & fixed on to the
plate A B C D.
The principal working piece E (drawn separately with plan & front elevation
in Fig. 11, to better explain it) moves horizontally on a screwed axle, & is placed
on the arm f, g, h, Fig. 5.
With the elbow shaped arm 4 & 5 Fig. 5, it is made to embrace the foot or
pressure bar of the sewing machine with which it is combined & by which it is
moved.
On the same piece E is placed the fork F on a screwed pivot i front drawing of
which is shown at Fig. 6. This fork, having its prongs like those of a watch's
anchor can, at will, with one or the other catch in the small cog-wheel G which
turns round on a pivot screwed on the plate A B C D.
This same cog-wheel G in its turn will meet the teeth of a rack H Fig. 2, to
which it can transmit an alternative movement.
On the said piece E is screwed a small piece K which will push forward, one by
one, the cogs of the wheel L. (Fig. 2) which being fixed to the disk M forces this
too to turn in the direction indicated by the arrow a spiral spring keeping it
adherent to the wheel L.

page_text: The screw S (Fig. 3 & 5) which is placed at the turned end of the arm f, g, h,
traversing with its cylindrical prolongation the pivot 6, serves to disengage the
piece K from the wheel L when the disk M is required to be thrown out of the
operation.
The arm f, g, h, (Fig. 5) has a pivot 6 that forms the centre of the disk M.
(Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4,) & also serves to oppose the spiral spring a (Fig. 5) which compels
the piece E always to return to the position shown in the drawing, every time that
piece is moved in the direction of the arrow by the action of the pressure bar or
foot of the sewing machine, & the spiral referred to has been added to remedy
the insufficiency of the spring of the pressure bar of foot in its backward
movement.
The ratchet wheel N (Figs. 2 & 5 front & side view in the 1st & 3rd figs.) has its
axle screwed on to the plate A B C D, & is composed in its upper part of 10 teeth
& in its lower part by only 5 teeth all bent in the same direction.
On the latter leans the anchor piece n which is displaced every time a tooth of
the small wheel N moves forward. This anchor a (front view Fig. 6) is supported
on a pivot screwed on to the plate A B C D, having the end of the other arm O
maintained between the points of a small tongue P (Fig. 5 & 6) which is made to
pass round the pivot & is supported by an edging placed upon the small
fork F.
The disk M. (Fig. 2.) with front view Fig. 1, 3, 4, is the regulator of the
knitting work or crochet & it avails itself of the axle 6 for its centre (Fig. 5 & 2).
It has 40 holes (but it may have a greater or less number) placed at equal distances
near the extremity of its circumference in which some small pivots or pegs will in
the working of the machine, be placed to be taken away & replaced again in such
numbers & order as may be required by the design of the work desired to be
executed & they will act as teeth with the part that protrudes at the back of the
disk & will also fit the teeth of the ratchet wheel N (Fig. 2) which will be
accordingly moved.
In the same figures one of these pivots is shown marked 7.
A set of racks of a special design is represented & marked H (Sheet 1 Fig. 4)
the front view at the back of Fig. 1, the plan shown at Fig. 2, side view Fig. 3 &
section Fig. 8.
It has a special corner section drawn double size (Sheet 2 Fig. 2 & 4.) & is
formed thus the lower part by a set of teeth of a special form (Sheet 2 Figs. 2
& 7) represented four times its size, the front part by a row of small pivots with
intermediate fluting & the hind part by another row of ordinary teeth.
The said rack H hangs on & swings between the guide & shown half its size
(Sheet 1 Fig. 7 & side view Fig. 8).
The piece (Sheet 1 Fig. 2 separate drawings Fig. 9) is placed on the guide b
of the rack & runs between two screws.
The two moulds t u Fig. 1 & 2 are to be applied when wanted to the rack H &
each one is to be situated precisely between the void part of the hind teeth & the
vacuum of the front small pivots so as to determine the two ends of the breadth of
the work to be done in ordinary knitting.
Whenever this machine is applied to or combined with a sewing machine of a
given system, furnished with its ordinary shuttle, swinging shuttle or rotatory hook
or any other kind, the shuttle is substituted by another, having a conic like shaped
projection (as shown in the drawing Sheet 1 Fig. 1 & 3 Q) & double size (Sheet 2
Fig. 1 & 2 Q which is a copy of the original Margherita system of sewing
machines) its use being that of guiding the thread over the teeth underneath the
rack H.
The spring piece y (Sheet 1 Fig. 10) placed as in Figs. 2, 1, 4, 3, is the looper
on the upper side of which the needle works on its way downwards Fig. 1, & 3
pushing it down so that the small tooth 3 projecting from the inferior piece
gliding by the underneath tooth of the rack H at every descent of the needle a
knitted stitch is done.

page_text: For this new apparatus a needle similar to that of an ordinary sewing machine
is used slightly altered, being of a certain length & possessing a certain flexibility,
so that the needle in descending may glide by the fluting of the rack & in its going
up only, passing again by the extremity of the principal piece E, (Sheet 1 Figs. 5, 2,
& 11) remains detached from the rack together with the knitting stitch made & 5
pushed out by the same.
How THE STITCH IS MADE.
It is made as follows: While the needle is descending between the two small
teeth of the rack H, (Sheet 1 Fig. 1 & 2) the thread which follows it is taken up
by the first tooth when the needle is returning the thread which it carries with it
is taken by the small shuttle & sliding on its conic part a (Sheet 2 Fig. 1 & 2)
winds itself up around the inferior tooth of the rack & so on until the first row of
knitted stitches has been made on the said teeth (Sheet 2 Fig. 1). It is then that
the rack begins its retrocession, the needle goes through the fluting between the
two small teeth & through the knitting formerly done. But before the needle has 1
completed its descent the small hook y3 (Sheet 1 Fig. 10) drives off the knitting
from the tooth (Sheet 2 Figs. 5 & 6) so that it becomes embraced by the needle
(Sheet 2 Figs. 5, 6, 7,) when the same ascends it draws the thread & brings it
through the knitting previously driven off & it is this same thread that taken by
the shuttle causes it to wind up around the tooth, so making the new knitted stitch, 2
whilst during this operation the knitting of the preceding row has slided along the
needle & united with that previously done (Sheet 2 Fig. 8). Following the
alternate run of the rack, the number of the knitted rows will increase which will
extend themselves towards the front of the machine.
In the drawings appended hereto, in which the same letters & marks of reference
indicate the same parts in all the figures.
Fig. 1 Pl. I. represents of the natural size a view in side elevation of the machine
provided with a special motor with all the lower parts dotted including the shuttle
holder P & the shuttle Q.
Fig. 2 Pl. II. is a view of the machine in plan (in the direction of the arrow 1 of
Fig. 1 Pl. I) without the needle.
Fig. 3 Pl. III. is a front view of the apparatus (in the direction of the arrow 2
of Fig. 1 Pl. I).
Fig. 4 is a view in plan detached from Fig. 2 Pl. II. (without the disc M) in
which all the principal parts of the mechanism & their connexions are better
visible.
Fig. 5 is a section of the plan of the stand A B C D Fig. 4 along the line c d.
Fig. 6 is a view in plan of some essential parts in motion in which the thick
lines & the dotted lines represent two different positions of the same parts.
Fig. 7 is also a similar view where can be observed the change of position of the
arms of the lever or fork F besides the different positions of the parts Fr & o.
Fig. 8 is the plan of the single pieces K Stg rendering visible their positions
after detachment of the piece K of the small wheel L & of the piece S according to
the arrows.
Fig. 8 shows the construction of the piece S.
Fig. 9, Pl. IV. represents different views of the working of the united parts S, 9,
& T when detached from the machine.
Fig. 94 shows the reverse detachment of the above mentioned parts.
Figs. 10, 11 & 12 are views in elevation & section made along the line c d (in
Fig. 2 Pl. II.) which show the inside of the arm R (Fig. 1 Pl. I) & the different
positions of the needle, joined to the deviating positions of the dotted lines (Fig. 12)
of the draw stitch & the needle driver r.
Fig. 13 shows the different positions of the piece T which it may be made to take
at pleasure, according as it is desired or not to put the pivot a in gear with the first
hole of the cogs e placed upon the disc M.

page_text: Fig. 14 is a drawing which shows the automatic lowering movement of the
piece T, produced by the piece m projecting from the opposite arm of R (Fig. 1
Pl. 1.) & consequently the lowering of the single pivot n of special construction that
is to say, different from the other pivots with the small pegs 7.
Fig. 15 shows the elevation of the pivot n which is effected by passing its inclined
plane over the pivot 8.
Figs. 16 & 17 are the regulating disc M seen from below.
Figs. 18 to 23 represent different combinations of other parts of the machine with
plans, sectious & transverse pieces.
Figs. 24 & 25 Pl. V. are a special arrangement of the thread drawer.
Figs. 26 27 & 28 are a special arrangement of the draw stitch.
Figs. 29 30 & 31 are the pieces which are put in motion by the lower teeth of the
wheel N.
Figs. 32 & 33 are views of the needle driver.
Figs. 34 to 38 represent in different positions & views & sections the rack or
comb 4.
Figs. 39 to 42 are views of other special parts.
Fig. 43 is the lever of the principal movement of the mechanism.
Figs. 44 to 46 are a special arrangement of the shuttle.
Figs. 47 to 49 are views & section of the shuttle holder.
Figs. 50 to 55 are views in front elevation & sections made along the lines j
&& on a double metric scale representing the different positions of the needle
for the formation of the stitches.
Figs. 56 & 57 represent on a quadruple scale the formation of the stitches with
the movement to and fro of the needle & shuttle.
This new machine for knitting stockings & stitched work &c. is composed of the
following parts.
1. Of the stand A B C D represented of natural size (Fig. 1 Pl. I., Fig. 2 Pl. II.,
Figs. 3 & 4 Pl. III.) upon which is fixed the mechanism which constitutes the little
machine-a real treasure.
2. Of the piece R (Figs. 1 & 2 Pls. 1 & 2) moving in the direction of the arrow 1
(Fig. 1 Pl. I.) which is composed of two arms bent almost at a right angle; at its
front upper extremity it bears the needle holder X & the thread drawer g, at the
extremity of the back & lower arm bears a small cylinder which slides in the spiral
groove of the cylinder 60 (Fig. 1 Pl. I.) which is fixed with screws on the axis 61
bearing at one of its ends a toothed wheel put in motion by another wheel fixed on
the axis of the small fly wheel 62. The same axis 61 terminates at the other end
in an eccentric 63 (Fig. 1 Pl. I., Fig. 3 Pl. III.).
3. Of the piece E (see dotted Fig. 1 Pl. I., Fig. 2 Pl. II. & detached Fig. 43
Pl. V.) which is moveable in the centre with the small cylinder 65 placed in the
groove of the cylinder 66 therefore transmits the alternative movement to the
pivot bearing the pieces » FK according to the arrows (Fig. 2 Pl. II. Figs. 4, 6
& 7 Pl. III.).
4. Of the fork F (Figs. 4 6 & 7 Pl. III. & detached 41 & 42 Pl. V.) terminating
in two branches with clock levers and free in each branch alternately can change
the movement in gear in the one or the other half of the circumference of the
toothed wheel G. The said fork oscillates round the pivot A which is rendered
moveable by the piece E (as has been stated in the preceding paragraph) inducing
thus the rotation of the wheel G. This movement of rotation is transmitted in a
straight line to a piece H constructed in a quite special manner.
5. Of the piece H which is a rack or comb which forms the essential part of the
new little machine (Fig. 1 Pl. I. Fig. 2 Pl. II., Fig. 3 Pl. III. & Figs. 34
to 38 Pl. V.).
6. Of a disk M which regulates the movement of the rack H provided with holes
near the circumference (Fig. 2 Pl. II., & Figs. 16 & 17 Pl. IV.) In these holes
are placed the pegs 7 (Fig. 1 Pl. I. & Figs. 13 & 15 Pl. IV.) combined &
arranged in a manner which corresponds to the combination of the design which

page_text: one wishes to execute. These pegs gear with the teeth of the wheel N, of which
the upper half is provided with 10 teeth, while the lower half is provided with
only 5 (Fig. 7 Pl. III. section f f N¹) so that for the rotation induced by the
piece K of the disc M, each of the little pegs 7 causes the wheel N to turn by one
tooth successively. The disc M has a hole in the centre into which passes the
pivot 67 (Fig. 1 Pl. I., Figs. 13 & 15 Pl. IV.) which forms the shaft of this disc.
At its lower part & concentrically is fixed with screws a ratchet wheel L into
which fits the catch K, which turns round the pivot à (Fig. 1 Pl. I. Figs. 10 to 12
Pl. IV. & Figs. 33 40, 42, 43 Pl. V.) & which is kept in position by means of a
spring placed upon it (Fig. 1 Pl. I., Fig. 2 Pl. II., Fig. 4 Pl. III.). By this it is
easy to understand that in consequence of each movement to & fro of the arm E &
of the pivot the ratchet wheel L advances by one tooth by means of the catch K &
that for the same reason the disc M is equally advanced by one peg. This last
movement is transmitted to the rack. In case the disc M is not intended to act
one removes the catch K of the ratchet wheel L moving with the hand the piece T
(Fig. 1 Pl. I. Fig. 2 Pl. II.) & makes the displacement indicated by the arrow
and by the dotted lines of Fig. 9 PI. IV., which by means of the pivot d, Fig. 13
Pl. IV., placed in the hole of the extremity of the piece S, such that the piece K
is displaced as in Fig. 8 Pl. III.
7. Of a stop o (Fig. 2 Pl. II., Figs. 4 & 7, Pl. III. & Figs. 29 & 31 Pl. V.)
which with one arm enters the lower half of the wheel N, by which it is displaced
at each rotatory movement of this wheel (as in Fig. 6 Pl. III. with the dotted lines)
remaining in contact with one or two teeth of the said wheel; while the other arm
furnished at its extremity with a spring P divided into two branches, oscillates &
produces the displacement of the fork F (in the direction of the arrows & just as
is shown by the dotted lines Figs. 6 & 7 Pl. III.). This displacement permits the
free branch c of the fork F (Fig. 7 Pl. III.) to gear with the teeth of the wheel G
which in consequence of the movement of the piece E & of the axis advances by
one tooth in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 6 Pl. III.) & therefore also the rack H
will be advanced by one tooth in the same direction of movement of the wheel G.
The spiral spring coiled round the pivot of the piece O keeps it near the first arm
at the lower part of the wheel N.
8. Of a rack H of a section quite special represented by Fig. 1 Pl. I.; Fig. 2
Pl. II., Fig. 3 Pl. III. & more clearly by Figs. 34 to 38 Pl. V. Its lower side is
provided with a row of teeth, & the anterior or front side with regular projecting
points, which though cut on the lower side gear nevertheless laterally with the
wheel G.
(1) When one wishes to have the stitches united or simple work a piece q (Fig. 1
Pl. 1, Fig. 2 Pl. II., Fig. 4 Pl. III., detached Figs. 18 & 19 & the displacement
according to the arrows & the dotted lines, Figs. 9 & 94 Pl. IV.) between two
clamps t, u, of which the latter bears a lateral projection (Fig. 3 Pl. III.) which
are placed upon the rack H at a distance from each other just equal to the breadth
of the work to be knitted. Afterwards the piece T is placed in position (repre-
sented by Fig. 13 & by the arrow Pl. IV.) thus making the pivot a gear with the
first hollow of the notch e placed on the disc M so as to render the said pieces
united and common in their movements, at the same time by the action of the
pivot d placed in the hole of the piece S, the pieces T, M, S & 7 are united & made
to move together so that one obtains thus the detachment of the piece K of the
wheel L. Thus one comes to verify that the machine set in motion, even the rack
following the movement in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 2 Pl. II. Fig. 3 Pl. III.}
the clamp t will press the first branch of the piece so that the opposite part v.
moving in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 9 Pl. IV.) by means of the pivot d &
particularly a (Figs. 13 & 14 Pl. IV.) will cause to move or rather oscillate the
regulator M & this in its turn with the pegs 7 piaced on the edge of the circum-
ference, will displace by one tooth the wheel N, & consequently the piece o which
causes the motion of the branches of the fork F to dispose themselves according
to Fig. 7 Pl. III., & so also the inversion of the motion of the rack H. The same

page_text: happens inversely & automatically & in the same manner the rack moves with a
retrograde motion pressing with the clamp u the other branch of the piece q.
(2) When it is desired to obtain articles either plain worked in relief or inter-
laced, open & irregular upon a plain of the size of one or several complete revolu-
tions of the disc M, one places in the first position the piece T, which brings back
to its place the piece S, turning round the piece K to gear with the wheel L & one
arranges the pegs 7 upon the disk (according to paragraph 6) then to another
special peg n (Fig. 1 Pl. I., Figs. 13 to 15 Pl. IV.) supposed to be already raised,
it will happen that when one of the said clamps tu, has pressed the piece q carry-
ing with it the pieces S & T on the pivot 67 corresponds with the piece m fixed on
the arm R. During the lowering of the piece m (according to the arrow & the
displacement of the dotted lines Fig. 14 Pl. IV.) the piece T will also be lowered,
which as soon as it comes under the special pivot n makes it descend & gear with
the wheel N causing this to turn by one tooth; so that for the above mentioned
reasons, the inversion of the motion of the rack H will be obtained. However the
pivot n, carried round by the disc M meeting the axis 8, is obliged to go up again
according to the arrow (Fig. 15 Pl. IV.) & to remain there supported by a spring
rubbing against the pivot n; whence at each turn of the little fly wheel of the
machine will be produced two revolutions of the shaft 61 (Fig. 1 Pl. I.) & in con-
sequence twice the alternating movement of the fork F with the displacement
forward or backward by two consecutive teeth of the rack H, corresponding to as
many stitches made by the new apparatus.
10. Of a lever or draw stitch y (Fig. 1 Pl. I., Figs. 10 to 12 Pl. IV. & detached
Figs. 26 to 28 Pl. V.) of which the part ending in a point is kept in a hole open
in the axis 8 & by the other & anterior portion divided into two parts X & Z of
which X serves to lift the stitch from the rack (Fig. 12 Pl. IV. & Fig. 55 Pl. V.)
& Z to be pressed & lowered by the needle holder. The same is furnished with
two spiral springs one to push it towards the rack the other placed in the middle
to raise it.
il. Of the needle driver (Figs. 32 & 33 Pl. V. placed as in Fig. 1 Pl. I.,
Fig. 2 Pl. II., & clearly Fig. 4 Pl. III., & Figs. 10 & 12 Pl. IV.) which is
advanced by the movement of the axis A (Fig. ĭ Pl. I., Fig. 2 Pl. II., & Fig. 4
Pl. III.) so that with its bent extremity it detaches the needle as soon as it has
made the descent (Fig. 12 Pl. IV., Fig. 55 Pl. V.) & that in order to give time for
the needle to draw in the stitch made.
12. Of the needle holder X (Fig. 1 Pl. I., Fig. 3 Pl. III. Figs. 10 to 12 &
detached 20 to 23 Pl. IV.) of which the arrangement is easily understood together
with its functions bearing an ordinary sewing machine needle.
13. Of the shuttle holder P (Figs. 47 to 49, Pl. V., placed as in Fig. 1 Pl. I.,
Fig. 3 Pl. III.) of special construction, turning on a pivot pointing towards the
projection of the said support & guided by an eccentric 63 (Fig. 3 Pl. III.)
placed at the extremity of the shaft 61 (Fig. 1 Pl. I.) which makes it oscillate
according to the arrow & the dotted line (Fig. 3 Pl. III.).
rises &
15. Of the thread drawer g (Figs. 24 & 25 Pl. V.) placed upon the arm R
of which the lower portion penetrates into the opening of the latter which is
pushed by the spiral spring towards the little cylinder (Fig. 11 & 12 Pl. IV.)
which rubs against the posterior side of the verge W so that with the upward
movement of the arm R (Fig. 12 Pl. IV.) the same cylinder sliding upon the
inclined space so as to regain the position of Fig. 11, the thread drawer
would then remain in that position as far as the maximum range of the arm Rif
there were not the pivot z which obliges it to go back as in Fig. 10. This will
take place inversely in the downward movement of the arm R.
In the holes placed
near the anterior extremity of the thread drawer g the thread is passed which one
wishes to employ for the work desired.
In the upper hole of the verge W & then in those already mentioned of the
thread drawer, the thread is passed & wrapped round the little tension wheel
Di 1 D1 I
DI TI
DI ப

page_text: 16. Of the regulating disc M, which serves to knit automatically articles in
relief, embroided, perforated, lace &c. The distance from one hole to another
corresponds to a stitch in relief or another pattern; the distance between two
pegs 7 containing in the middle a certain number of holes left empty produces a row
of stitches or the width of the work in any pattern.
17. Of the formation of the stitches which takes place in the following manner;
as soon as the needle descends between two points f (Fig. 34 Pl. V.) & in the
groove before a lower tooth of the rack H, the thread drawn by the needle places
itself at the point f, propelled by the movement of the rack; while the needle rises
again the thread is seized by the shuttle & slides along the point (as in the pro-
jection Figs. 50 & 51 Pl. V.) so far as to leave it fastened to a tooth of the rack
(Figs. 52 & 53 Pl. V.) & so on.
In the reversal of the movement of the rack H the thread precedes the needle
that is to say, in the contrary direction, & the needle passes behind the thread
previously placed between two points f, & when the needle begins its upward
movement (Figs. 54 & 55 Pl. V.) the stitch previously formed is drawn by the
tooth X of the draw stitch y, & is taken by the needle which on rising draws
the thread which it bears across the stitch made & brings it out.
During this
time the shuttle Q leads the thread carried by the needle round the same tooth
& thus a new stitch is formed. Thus by the alternative movement of the rack H
& the simultaneous action of the needle of the shuttle Q are formed the rows
of stitches one after the other, & the work advances on the front side of the
machine.
ACTION OF THE MACHINE.
When it is desired to execute a plain piece of work the clamps t & u are first
placed on the rack H at a distance from one another equal to the width of the
work to be knitted.
1. Putting in motion the little fly wheel of the machine one finds that for each
turn it causes two to be made by the shaft 61 (Fig. 1 Pl. I.) with the cylinders 60
& 66, of which the first communicates two alternate movements to the piece E which
by means of its pivot A are transmitted at the same time to the fork to the needle
driver X & to the piece K & the other does the same with the arm R on the needle
holder.
Thus a branch of the fork F, which gears with the wheel G, causes this
wheel turn one tooth & that for each alternate movement, in the direction opposite
to the arrow (Fig. 2 Pl. II.) & this movement is communicated to the rack,
which advances by one tooth in the direction of the arrow. At the same time the
piece K gearing with the tooth of the ratchet L communicates a movement of
rotation to the disc M in the direction of the arrow & meeting a peg 7 in contact
with the wheel N, makes it turn by one tooth, producing thus the angular move-
ment previously described, of the piece o & of the fork F, which then only
changes the position of these points (as in Fig. 7 Pl. III.) when one has effected as.
has been already said the change of the points of the fork F so that the point of
the latter is in contact with the wheel G will move in the direction opposite to the
arrow (Fig. 2 Pl. II.) with the rack. This is the consequence & effect of the
disc M.
2. When it is not desired to make the regulating disc M act, one proceeds as
has been explained in the arrangement for the reversal of the movement of the rack
in paragraph 9 N 1. In consequence the automatic reversal in front or behind the
rack can be obtained either for the effect of the clamps t & u aforesaid or for the
determination of the pegs 7 on the disc M.
3. The work once commenced, if one wishes to diminish the stitches in the breadth
of the work itself, one procedes in the following manner. Before one of the
clamps for instance the clamp t, has approached the piece q which serves for the
reversal of the rack, one displaces by hand the clamp itself & places it at the point
of the stitches which it is desired to diminish.

page_text: One procedes in the same manner with the clamp u before coming to touch the
piece g.
This manevre is repeated during all the time it is desired to diminish
the stitches. At the end of this diminution, the clamps t, u are loosened & made to
act automatically on the two opposite points of the piece q, so as to connect the
diminished stitches with one or more rows of stitches for the completion of the
work. By moving by hand the points of the piece q, one can obtain the diminution
of the stitches either at the edges or in the middle in this order & at the points
which are found convenient.
4. If it is desired to increase the width of the flat or plain piece of work, the
clamps t & u must be moved more towards the exterior (so that the rack increases
the distance of one or several stitches towards one or both ends of the work) & this
before the piece q reverses the movement of the rack H.
5. If it is desired to obtain work in relief at one or more points in the breadth
of the work knitted one procedes in the following way:-The rack is made to move
forward & backward in the first part in relief, until this is terminated by a certain
number of rows with numbers of stitches either equal or different. Afterwards
the work is continued plain with the alternate movement of the rack & afterwards
one passes to another row in relief & so on one will have all the work in relief.
6. To knit designs in relief or interlaced, open & irregular upon a plain
surface, the pins 7 are employed upon the regulating disk M which determines
automatically the inversion of the motion of the rack.
For this purpose one
places at first two of the pegs 7 leaving in the middle a number of holes empty
corresponding to the stitches comprised in the width of each relief work or
perforated &c., afterwards one places other pegs 7 preserving between these the
same distance thus one obtains as many rows of stitches which form the width of
the part in relief or of other different pieces of work.
Before closing the circumference formed by the successive placing of the pegs 7 in
the disc M two of the said distances are left vacant in the middle, but the only
pirot or peg n which causes the reversal of the motion of the rack; the former of
these distances forms the space of the flat & plain work & the latter the first row
of the second part in relief. The work then progresses in the following manner:
1st relief, plain, relief, plain, &c. & so on in the width of the work desired.
The work which results has a stitch better twisted than that of ordinary stockings
made by hand.
The stockings are planned as follows. The form of the leg & foot determines
the increasing stitches & that of the heel causes the diminished stitches, & with a
single seam before or behind the stocking is made.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and in what manner the same aforesaid is to be performed we declare that
what we claim is :
:
1. For the attachment firstly specified to patent the essential parts or pieces of
that apparatus which are in the rack H (Sheet 1 Fig. 1, 2, 3 & 4) together with
the application on it of the two moulds t u (Fig. 1 & 2) the modifications in the
shape & manufacture of the needle, & of the shuttle, either dinary one or rotatory
hook which is of a different shape (as described) to render them suitable for the
functions of the invention.
The disk M (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) regulator, composer & creator of the series of
designs & works of usual knitting, as well as the hook knitting which can have any
number of holes with the application of their respective teeth 7 (Fig. 1, 2) also
the fork F. (Fig. 1, 2, 5 & 6) & the small wheel N (Fig. 5, 2, 1, 3) together with
the anchor piece n & screw S (Fig. 1 2, 3, 5,) as well as the looper y (Fig. 10, 1, 2)
& the piece q (Fig. 1, 2, 3).
For the "separate" machine above described what we claim is:
2. For a knitting machine which is distinguished by the fact that the thread is
guided by a sewing machine needle, moving up & down between the teeth of a
comb moved to and fro & then by a shuttle moving backward & forward, which

page_text: joins it round the lower teeth of the said comb, while it advances, until it does not
return in the opposite direction (Figs. 50 & 53); after which the needle on its
descent (Figs. 54, 56, & 57) goes through one of the stitches placed above & this
one is removed by a stitch-drawer ( Fig. 24, 27, 28, 53, 55) when the needle has
descended & while it ascends again, the thread which has gone through the said
stitch is at once caught by the shuttle which, forming another stitch loops it upon
this tooth, which has remained free from the comb (Figs. 54 to 57).
3. For the use of a comb (H Figs. 34 to 38 see which in the apparatus n 1)
which has on its anterior edge horizontally teeth like straight needles (f Figs. 34
to 38) & on the base of which there is a row of teeth turned downwards
(Figs. 38 53, 55). The posterior side is toothed & gears with a toothed wheel
(G Fig. 4). All the above parts move as required in either direction when it
is desired to produce plain knitting work.
4. For the use & arrangement of a disc M free in its movements but moved
by the principal power; when the catch K is made to gear with the toothed
wheel L (Figs. 4 to 8) which is fixed beneath the said disck M and near the
perimeter of which are several holes in which are placed pegs to regulate the
movement of the comb, when it is desired to produce fancy & crochet work.
Dated this 9th day of June 1891.
F. PIERI,
12, Northumberland Place, W., Agent for the Applicants.