Improvements in Multiple Writers.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Aug., 1892-Accepted, 8th Oct., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Multiple Writers.
I, LJUBOMIR KLERITJ, Professor of the Polytechnical High School at Belgrad,
Milanstrasse 11, Servia, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer
tained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a multiple writing apparatus by which two, three
or more writings or drawings can be simultaneously produced or copied. A
multiple writer according to this invention is illustrated diagrammatically in
Figs. 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings.
In the construction shewn in Fig. 1, an articulated parallelogram carrying the
writing or drawing appliances, is jointed to a second parallelogram the one side
of which is supposed to be stationary.
In Figs 2 and 3 is shown another construction, in which the one side of the
parallelogram is rigidly connected to a rod sliding between guiding rollers. The
latter construction is shown more in detail in Fig. 4.
The multiple writer shewn in Fig. 1, consists of two articulated parallelo-
grams abcd and a¹ b¹ c¹ b. The coupling side b may be supposed to slide
along the circumferences of the circles' described by the radii a and c A a'
is equal to c and to b, the side b' in every position of the parallelogram is
parallel to d, which is held stationary by the points 1 and 4, and the turning
on the pivots 2 and 3 of the side determines that points on the side b¹ must
trace drawings or writings all exactly alike.
If I therefore attach to the side three pens¹ƒ³, or a greater number
of these, and write with one of them, all the other pens will write the same.
As this result is independent of the lengths of the sides a and c, which might
be infinite so that the circles and of Fig. 1 may be considered two parallel
straight lines and e', as shewn in Fig. 2, passing through the points 2 and 3,,
at right angles to the line y y and consequently also to the side of the second
parallelogram. If I compel the points 2 and 3 to slide along the parallels e
and, the distance of which froin 2 to 3 is same as from 5 to 6, and if I
turn the sides a c¹ equally about the pivots 2 and 3 then the side of the
parallelogram will be always parallel to the side, so that writing or drawing
appliances attached to points of the side 1 must describe similar letters or
figures.
The guiding of the points 2 and 3 along the parallels x and x is preferably
effected by a rod A B C, parallel to x and x and rigidly connected at B to
the side b, sliding between two pairs of stationary rollers and Fig. 2.
The apparatus represented in Fig. 2 is thus a special construction of that shewn
in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 illustrates diagrammatically the arrangement and connection of the
pens fff of the apparatus shewn in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 shews the details of the arrangement of the pen 1 and its adjustment.
The side 1, consists of a straight and solid or hollow rod I, provided with
projections or arms l' and VIII.
In the arms or branches are situated the pivots 5, 6. Between the arms or
projections I¹ is journaled a spindle II (preferably tubular) between screws
in the arms P. The spindle II carries pairs of arms III, IV between which
are journaled short spindles VII between screws s¹ these short spindles carrying
the pens f1 and 3 on arms X.
The middle pen f 2 is rigidly connected to the spindle II by an arm IX.
All the three pens may be turned about the axis of II thus being raised from

page_text: the paper. The arms III of the spindle II are provided with projecting blades V
which project under the arms X. These arms do not bear directly upon the
blades X, but upon adjusting screws 2 by which the pens f1 and f³ can be adjusted
to suit the pen f2 by raising or lowering the arms X. Also as the arms X are
supported on the blades V, the pens fl and f3 are raised simultaneously with the
pen, which is necessary when a word is to be begun or a punctuation made.
The pens and press upon the paper by their own weight.
On the pivot p of the left projection 1 is provided a stopping or catching
device gh, movable about the vertical pin p so as to slide under the arm III of the
part II. The bent lever has on its face a sloping surface such that it can be
easily slid under the arm III, and by so lifting it, all the pens are simultaneously
raised.
In beginning to write the pens are lowered by turning the catching device gh to
the left.
The whole apparatus rolls upon 4 rollers, two 11 near 2 and 3 with their axes
parallel to C. The other two rollers are mounted below the projections VIII
as castors, to turn about a vertical and a horizontal axis so as to follow all move-
ments of the parallelogram.
The device for supporting and lifting the pens applies also to the construction
shewn in Fig. 1 which has rollers near 5 and 6 and between 2 and 3. As a drawing
or writing pen I may employ a fountain pen as repretented in longitudinal section
Fig. 5.
The cylindrical reservoir R is provided at the bottom with a steel cone K
with capillary passage, and receives from the top through the cap a tube T open at
both ends to admit air to fill the space left above the level o by the descent of the
ink, to equalise the internal and external pressures so that the colunu of pressure
upon the writing point is the height of the lower mouth o' o of the air tube above
the writing point. Thus the ink discharges uniformly so long as its level is not
below the lower mouth of the air tube. The pressure may be increased or
diminished by raising or lowering the air tube.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is
1. A multiple writing apparatus consisting of a rod 61 provided with several
writing or drawing appliances and forming the side of an articulated parallelo-
grama1b1e1 6 the side of which (opposite to 61) is the side of another parallelo-
gram a bed, having a stationary side d, so that the rod moves always parallel to
the sides band d and gives similar motion to all the writing or drawing appliances
attached to it, substantially as described.
2. The modified multiple writer in which the side is rigidly connected at right
angles to a rod A B C guided in a straight line between two pairs of rollers
and, substantially as described.
3. In the apparatus referred to in Claims 1 and 2, the device for lifting or
raising the writing or drawing appliances, substantially as described with reference
to Fig. 4.
4. In the apparatus referred to in Claims 1 and 2 the use of a reservoir pen
substantially as described with reference to Fig. 5.
Dated this 2nd day of August 1892.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.