IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDLASSES, CAPSTARS, AND OTHER PURCHASES, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO THE TRANSMISSION OF MOTIVE POWER.
Year: 1855

page_text: TOT
IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDLASSES, CAPSTARS, AND OTHER
PURCHASES, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO THE TRANSMISSION OF MOTIVE
POWER. A communication from Louis Frederic Francois David, of
Havre in the Empire of France. Chain Manufacturer.
Sealed the 2nd May 1856, and dated the 27th November 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 27th November 1855.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDLASSES, CAPSTANS, AND
OTHER PURCHASES, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO THE TRANSMISSION OF MOTIVE
POWER," a communication from Louis Frederic Francois David, of Havre, in
the Empire of France, Chain Manufacturer, to be as follows:-
This Invention, so far as it relates to windlasses, consists in the application
thereto of inclined metal rims or collars, fitted on to the ends of the barrels,
in conjunction with iron whelps, to prevent surging. A suitable brake actuated
by a screw and hand wheel is also fitted on to the windlass, and an inclined
ring or washer rotating with tho barrel serves to effect the proper develope-

page_text: ment of the chain or rope. This inclined ring or washer is adapted also to
capstan barrels for the same object, the requisite inclination being obtained by
a suitable pulley carried in the rotating frame of the capstan, which is fitted
also with suitable antifriction pulleys to turn upon. Small iron bullets or
spheres are interposed between the rubbing surfaces in capstans to take off
the friction. These arrangements are obviously applicable to other than ships'
purchases, and may be applied in cases where a continuous motion requires
to be transmitted by means of chains or ropes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 27th May 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
& of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
of our
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of November, in the year
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Henry Johnson, Her special license that I, the said John
Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDLASSES, CAPSTANS, AND OTHER PURCHASES, PARTS OF
WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO THE TRANSMISSION OF MOTIVE POWER," a communication
from Louis Frederic Francois David, of Havre, in the Empire of. France,
Chain Manufacturer, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
John Henry Johnson, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
•

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following.
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-—
The said Invention, so far as it relates to windlasses; consists in the appli-
cation thereto of inclined metal rims or collars, fitted on to the ends of the
barrels, in conjunction with iron whelps, to prevent surging. A suitable brake
actuated by a screw and hand wheel is also fitted on to the windlass, and an
inclined ring or washer rotating with the barrel serves to effect the proper
displacement of the chain or rope. This inclined ring or washer is adapted.
also to capstan barrels for the same object, the requisite inclination being
obtained by a pulley, carried in the rotating frame of the capstan, which is
fitted also with suitable antifriction pulleys to turn upon. Small iron bullets
or spheres are interposed between the rubbing surfaces in capstans to take off
the friction. These arrangements are obviously applicable to other than ships
purchases, and may be applied in cases where a continuous motion requires
to be transmitted by means of ropes or chains.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, I shall now.
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose I shall
refer to the several Figures on the Sheets of Drawings hereunto annexed.
The new parts are indicated by special letters, whilst those of the ordinary and
well-known construction are not referred to, as they will be sufficiently under-
stood by the practical man.
y, 2.
•
Figure (Sheet 1) represents a front or side elevation of one arrangement
of ships' windlass constructed according to this Invention. A, A, represent two
inclined or tapering ends or crowns, fixed to the barrel, and made of cast iron,
for the purpose of facilitating the passage of the cable round the barrel; B, B,
are wrought-iron whelps, let into corresponding openings in the crowns A, A.
Figure 1 is a transverse section of the windlass barrel, taken along the line
B are the whelps; and E, the wood of the barrel. Figure 1 is &
vertical section of one of the inclined crowns A detached; and Figure 1° is
a side elevation of the same; Figure 2 is a side elevation of a modified form
of windlass; Figure 3 is a transverse section of the same, showing the brake;
and Figure 4 is a transverse section of the windlass barrel, taken along the
lino 1, 2. F, Figures 2 and 3, is a loose collar, acted upon by the brake; G,
a clutch or connection for engaging it with the windlass barrel; II, the brake
for permitting the running out of the cable at will; K, a screw and hand
wheel for actuating the brake; L, a fixed collar on the barrel; M, the stops

page_text: of the collar; 0, bolts; N, an inclined ring, turning with the windlass barrel;
X, a collar, giving the necessary inclination to the ring to afford a free passage
to the first turn of the cable. This roller is mounted in suitable bracket
standards, secured to the deck, as shewn in Figures 2 and 4. B are the
wrought-iron whelps; E, the wood of the windlass; T, T", stops or rests for
the brake H; J, the nut of the screw K, to which nut the brake strap is
attached by links; S, a pressing shoe, resting on the collar F, and acted upon
by the end of the screw K; U, wrought-iron bars, let into the wooden barrel
E underneath the loose collar.
Figure 5, on Sheet 2 of the Drawings, is a side clevation of the lower por-
tion of one arrangement of capstan; Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of the
same; and Figure 7 is a plan. A is the inclined ring, moving with the capstan
for the purpose of facilitating the displacement of the cable, which is here
shewn as composed of hemp.
This ring constitutes the main feature of the Invention. B is a circular
franie or collar, carrying antifriction pulleys, on which the main body of the
capstan rotates; C is a pulley for preserving the requisite inclination of the
moveable ring A, for allowing a free passage to the first turn of the cable;
D, D, are the antifriction pulleys or rollers in the frame B, on which the
capstan rotates; E, a stop for keeping the ring or circular frame B in the
position to which it may be placed to give the required inclination to the move-
able ring A, according to the direction in which the cable is being wound on.
This stop bears against one side of one of the abutinents or corresponding
fixed stops F on the bed plate of the capstan. One of these fixed stops is
shewn detached at Figure 7. a, a, are metal balls for reducing the friction
of the circular frame B.
Figure 8 represents a vertical section of the lower portion of another
arrangement of capstan, which is in its general construction similar to the
arrangement last described, but without the metal bullets or spheres a, a.
The parts which correspond to those in the arrangement last described are
marked with corresponding letters of reference.
Figures 9 and 9* are detached details of the circular frame or ring B carry-
ing the antifriction pullies D.
Figure 10 represents a more simple arrangement of capstan; and Figure 11
is a corresponding plan of the same. The same letters of reference indicate
corresponding parts to those herein-before referred to. A is the inclined ring
turning with the capstan; C, the pulley, fixed on the platform for the purpose
of giving the requisite inclination to the ring A, as herein-before described.
a, a, metal balls for diminishing the friction during the rotation of the capstan.

page_text: Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that I do not confine or restrict myself to
the precise details or arrangements which I have had occasion to describe or
refer to, as many variations may be made therefrom without deviating from
the principles or main features of the said Invention; but what I consider to be
novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the general constructions and arrangements of windlasses and capstans,
as herein-before described.
Second, the application and use of the bevilled or inclined collars or flanges
on the ends of windlass barrels, for the purpose herein-before described.
Third, the application of the brake herein-before described to windlasses.
Fourth, the application to windlasses and capstans of an inclined ring
turning with the barrel, for the purpose herein-before described.
Fifth, the application and use of metal balls for diminishing the friction in
capstans, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-seventh day of May, One thousand
cight hundred and fifty-six.
J. HENR JOHNSON. (8.)