Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 18th June, 1896
Complete Specification Left 18th Mar 1897-Accepted. 12th June, 1597
I, FREDERICK JOHN PICKERING CHEESBROUGH and ERNEST RICHARD
ROYSTON both of 15 Water Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to brakes of velocipedes, and more particularly
bicycles; and relates more especially to the parts of the breaking mechanism by
which the brake block, roller, or other device, as the case may be, is applied or put
in action.
According to this invention, the brake block, wheel, or the like, is actuated by
rotating one of the handles of the steering mechanism of a bicycle, and winding
upon a part of it, or connected with it, a cord extending between it and said brake
block or roller; and thus by merely turning the handle on the handle bar or tube,
the cord is wound up and the brake applied. The cord is guided and conducted
first at right angles from its winding barrel or part over a guide or pulley carried
from the handle bar, to a guide or pulley at the tube or stem carrying the handle
bar, and then from here to the brake block, wheel, or other device.
These guiding eyes or pullies are, in one arrangement, secured or held in position
by clamps fastened to the tubes of the steering parts of the bicycle.
In one arrangement, the winding barrel for the cord is placed on the inner end
of the handle, and the handle itself. is free to revolve upon the handle tube or bar;
it being held in position by a pin in the end of said tube or bar, extending through
the end of the handle, and fastened on the outside by a nut or other suitable
fastener.
In the application to the ordinary spoon-brakes, or like brakes, a cord may
actuate such brake by passing it round a roller carried by the fork head and
connected to a projection on such spoon, the cord passing down into the front of the
steering head; or it may actuate a lever carrying said spoon or other brake block
from behind the steering head, the spoon or other block being suitably hinged or
mounted directly, or by means of a lever, to the fork head.
In one modification, the cord from the winding barrel is carried direct to the
brake block, roller, or the like, at the fork-head, it being guided at this point over
a suitable pulley or guide. Instead of the guiding pullies referred to, rocking
quadrants or levers may be used to transmit the motion in the directions
required.
This brake mechanism may be adapted for use in connection with brakes applied
either to the front wheel, as already described, or to the back wheel, at any
convenient point.
As a modification, the cord may be carried inside instead of outside the handle
tubes, and wound onto a barrel on the handle, or be moved to and fro by a threaded
rod or screw and nut operated by turning the handle, which, in one arrangement,
may be at the outer end of such handle.
1000

page_text: improvements in velocipedе Braкes.
We, FREDERICK JOHN PICKERING CHEESBROUGH, and ERNEST RICHARD
ROYSTON, both of 15 Water Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to brakes of velocipedes, and more particularly
bicycles, and relates, more especially, to the parts of the braking mechanism by
which the brake block, roller, or other device, as the case may be, is applied or put
in action.
According to this invention, the brake block, wheel, or the like, is actuated by
rotating one of the handles of the steering mechanism of a bicycle, and winding
upon a part of it, or connected with it, a cord extending between it and said brake
block, or roller; and thus, by merely turning the handle ou the handle bar or tube,
the cord is wound up, and the brake applied. The cord is guided and conducted,
first, at right angles from its winding barrel or part over a guide or pulley carried
from the handle bar, to a guide or pulley at the tube or stem carrying the handle
bar, and then, from here, to the brake block, wheel, or other device.
These guiding eyes or pullies are, in one arrangement, secured or held in position
by clamps fastened to the tubes of the steering parts of the bicycle.
In one arrangement, the winding barrel for the cord is placed on the inner end
of the handle, and the handle itself is free to revolve upon the handle tube or bar;
it being held in position by a pin in the end of said tube,or bar, extending through
the end of the handle, and fastened on the outside by a nut or other suitable
fastener.
In the application to the ordinary spoon-brakes, or like brakes, a cord may
actuate such brake by passing it round a roller carried by the fork head and
connected to a projection on such spoon, the cord passing down in front of the
steering head; or it may actuate a lever carrying said spoon or other brake block
from behind the steering head, the spoon or other block being suitably hinged or
mounted directly, or by means of a lever, to the fork head.
In one modification, the cord from the winding barrel is carried direct to the
brake block, roller, or the like, at the fork-head, it being guided at this point over
a suitable pulley or guide. Instead of the guiding pullies referred to, rocking
quadrants or levers may be used to transmit the motion in the directions
required.
This brake mechanism may be adapted for use in connection with brakes applied
either to the front wheel, as already described, or to the back wheel, at any
convenient point.
As a modification, the cord may be carried inside instead of outside the handle
tubes, and wound onto a barrel on the handle; or, it is moved to and fro by a
threaded rod or screw and nut, operated by turning the handle, which, in one
arrangement, may be at the outer end of such handle.
Drawings illustrative of this invention are hereto annexed. In these, Figure 1
is a front elevation of the front steering tube, and the handle bar, and Figure 2 is
a plau of the handle har and handle, illustrating one form of this invention; and
Figure 3 is a section at A A Figure 2.
Figure 4 is an elevation of a bicycle front fork tube and handle bar, and Figure 5
is a plan of handle bar and haudle, shewing another modification according to this
invention.
Figure 6 is a side elevation shewing the construction at the point where the

page_text: bandle bar and its stem are joined together; and Figure 7 is a cross section at B B
Figure 5.
Figure 8 is a plan in section shewing another modification of this invention.
In the different figures of the drawings, the same letters and figures of reference
are used throughout to indicate the same or equivalent parts, wherever they
occur.
The brake and parts shewn in Figures 1, 2 and 3, illustrate what is termed the
"outside" arrangement of brake mechanism, the whole of which can be applied or
fitted to an existing bicycle without alteration or modification in any respect; and
this arrangement will be first described.
Referring to the drawinge, a is the handle, which is to be rotated upon the
handle bar, 6 is the flexible cord (preferably a fine steel stranded cord), which is
connected to the handle a at one end, and to the brake block or part at the other
end. c is the handle bar tube. d is the handle bar stem. e is a front fork tube of
a bicycle. is the fork bracket of the front wheel which is of the ordinary double
plated common type now used. And g represents the periphery of the wheel tyre.
On, or forming part of, the handle a, there is a barrel part or palley a', and to this
barrel the wire cord b is attached by means of the clamp a', this clamp being secured
or fastened by a screw or bolt a³ onto the barrel a', the wire cord 6 lying between
these two parts, and doubled round the screw or bolt a³, as shewu. The cord b is
directed and guided in its movement onto and off the barrel al by a pulley h,
supported from the clamp bracket i, in the manner shewn. The bracket i serves
also the further purpose of holding the handle a on the tube c; that is, the
clarap a² has its end turned down and entered into the gap between the bands of
this clamp, thus preventing the handle being pulled off longitudinally. The end
of this gap serves also as a stop to the handle, as regards its rotative movement;
that is, the normal position of the handle is that when the end of a comes against
the metal of the bracket i.
The cord b is directed from the horizontal to the vertical position at the handle
bar stem d by the roller i, which is supported upon the clamp j, which is clampell
in the position shewn on the stem, and preferably further secured in this position
by a set screw j. The cord 6 passes at the lower end of the mechanism under a
roller k, supported from the bracket by an ordinary clamp bracket ; and from
this roller it passes up to the end of a standard I upon the back of the brake
block m, this block being supported from the bracket , by the bar m', the end of
which is hinged to . The head of the standard is split, and the cord bis
fastened in it by passing it through in the manner shewn, and clamping it by the
screw is a spring, fastened to the standard and the bracket k'. This
spring serves to keep the brake block m off the wheel, a constant tension on the
cord, and the handle a in its normal position, as described.
In action, to apply the brake, it is only necessary to turn the handle a by the
turn of the wrist, say about a third of a revolution; by which action the cord b
is coiled up or drawn in under tension to the extent equivalent to a third of the
circumference of the barrel a', with the result that the brake block m is pulled
down an equivalent amount, and pressed onto the tyre g. Thus, a simple turn of
the wrist-well within the natural limits of its scope of movement-effects the
whole action of the brake. To remove the brake, it is only necessary to relax the
tension of the fingers on the handle, when the spring P, acting upon the block m
and cord, takes the block m off the wheel, and turns the handle back to its normal
position in the hand.
As regards the modification shewn in Figures 4 to 7, this shews what is called
the "inside" arrangement; that is to say, the cord in this case is carried by the
greater part through the handle bar tube, handle bar stem, and fork tube. In
this instance the cord b is carried over the pulley h, fixed on the handle bar c. by a
support i; and it is taken direct from here through an aperture at d' into the
handle bar tube c. The pulley h effects the coiling up action of the cord on the
handle a in the desired way. Within the handle bar tube c, the cord is guided

page_text: and passed over a pulley 2 supported in the bracket e fastened on the inside of
the handle bar e; and then, at the angle of e and d, it is passed over another
pulley o supported in a bracket o'. The arms of this bracket carrying the wheel o,
are introduced into the tube c through a hole in the upper part of same; and this
hole is covered by the upper plate of the bracket o, which is screwed down to the
tube as shewn. The brake block m in this case is carried by a lever m', supported
by the bracket kl, fastened on the fork tube similarly to the case above described;
while the lower end of the cord is directly secured to the inner end of the
lever m', which lies directly under the fork tube. The lever m' is supported by
the bracket by a screw or pin m², which acts as a fulcrum; and a spring
keeps the brake block m off the wheel and the tension upon the cord c.
of applying the brake is precisely similar to that set forth with reference to
Figures 1 to 3, except that at the lower part, the brake is applied by tension put
upon the cord through the lever m' (which is of the first order), so that a direct
pull on the braking mechanism is obtained.
The action
In the modification shewn in Figure 8, the cord or flexible connection, and brake,
are actuated by the turning the handle, and a screw and nut; that is, the handle
and cord are moved to and fro along and through the handle bar tube c, the screw
being on the outer end of the handle. The screw, which is designated p, is
fastened securely, say by screws or rivets, as shewn, onto the end of handle a; and
the nut in which the screw works is designated q, and this is let into the end of the
handle, and fastened or prevented from turning by suitable means thereon. The
threads of the screw is a left hand thread, and in multiple, with a large pitch, as
indicated in the drawings; nevertheless, a single male thread or stud working in
a corresponding female thread or slot may be used instead of the multiple threads.
Thus, when a handle is turned outwards, say to the right, in the act of applying
the brake, the handle, together with the screw, are forced outwards, pulling with
them the cord b. The screw p is made hollow and of as large a diameter as is
possible, so as to obtain a large longitudinal movement, with as little rotative.
movement of the handle as possible. The cord 6 is secured to the end of the screw
by a pin joint 6 in order to prevent the wire twisting when the screw is turned,
and also to enable the wire to adjust itself freely in the joint with the end of the
screw.
As a modification of this last arrangement and mode of operating, its converse
may be employed; in which case, the nat q would be fastened on the inside of the
handle, in say about the position shewn, instead of in the handle tube c, and the
screw p would be stationary and fixed to and held by the handle bar tabe, say by
pins or screws passing through the tube c to it. Also, in this case, the pin & instead
of being fastened to the inner end of the screw p, would be extended through the
screw p, and secured at its end in the end of the handle a. In action, therefore,
when the handle a is turned, the nut g revolving with it, and moving on the
thread or threads of the screw, would cause the handle to move outwards of the
end of the handle tube c, and pull with it the cord b.
As regards the flexible cord or connections, of course, the invention is not
restricted to the stranded wire referred to, as chains, or other suitable flexible
connections, or partly flexible where required, and partly rigid, may be used in lieu
of it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a bicycle brake, a stationary handle bar or tube, a flexible cord or
connecting means, and a loose handle adapted to be revolved on the handle bar
or tube, and to which said cord or connecting means is fastened, and on which it is
wound or turned by the rotation of the handle in applying the brake: operating
etantially as and for the purposes set forth.
In a bicycle brake comprising a fixed or stationary handle bar or tube, a

page_text: loose handle adapted to revolve on said bar or tube, and a flexible connecting
cord or the like, connecting said handle with the brake block or part by which.
the bicycle is retarded; operating and arranged substantially as herein set forth
with reference to and shewn in the drawings.
3. In a bicycle brake, a stationary handle bar or tube, a flexible brake cord or
connection, a loose handle adapted to be revolved on the bar or tube by the hand,
and by the revolution of which the brake is applied, and a screw and nut in
connection with the handle and handle bar tube, adapted to operate substantially
as herein set forth.
4. The construction of loose handles and parts connected with same, as set.
forth with reference to and shewn in the drawings.
5. The bicycle brake mechanism and parts constructed, combined, and.
operating as set forth particularly with reference to and shewn in Figures 1.
to 3, Figures 4 to 7, and Figure 8, respectively, of the drawings.
Dated this 17th day of March 1897.
FREDERICK J. P. CHEESBROUGH..
ERNEST R. ROYSTON.