IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE GEARING
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Perrott, of Cork, in the Kingdom of Ireland,
Ironfounder and Millwright, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE
GEARING."
Sealed the 3rd July 1857, and dated the 21st March 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Perrott at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the
21st March 1857.
I, GEORGE PERROTT, of Cork, in the Kingdom of Ireland, Ironfounder and
Millwright, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HORSE GEARING," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in horse gearing relates to an improved
mode of constructing and operating the parts of that kind of machiney or
apparatus in which the power exerted by horses or other animals is used to
actuate the same, and motion obtained thereby is communicated to a driving
shaft, which is caused to rotate for the purpose of actuating various kinds of
machinery, particularly agricultural machines.
In the improved arrangement of parts which forms the subject of my
Invention, the central vertical shaft upon which some of the principal driving
wheels are mounted is made stationary, being firmly secured to the fixed
framing or casing, the upper edge of which is made circular, and is provided
internally with a toothed rack, into which gear toothed wheels mounted on

page_text: studs or pins carried by the moveable cap or cover of the casing. The upper
side of this cover or cap is provided with sockets to receive the arms or levers,
to the ends of which the horses or other animals are yoked, and whereby the
said cover or cap is rotated round the stationary vertical shaft. The toothed
wheels on the under side of the cover also gear into a central pinion, which
turns freely on the central vertical shaft, and forms part of the boss of a bevil
wheel beneath, and which also turns freely on the central vertical shaft.
Upon causing the moveable cap or cover to rotate, the toothed wheels mounted
thereon will be carried round the circular tooth rack of the fixed casing, and
consequently made to rotate and drive the central pinion, and also the large
bevil wheel below, and of which it forms part. This latter gears into and
drives a bevil pinion on a long horizontal shaft that extends through the fixed
casing, and as rapid rotary motion is thereby communicated to the latter, such
motion may be transferred by means of pulleys and bands, or other suitable
gearing, to any machinery that it may be desired to drive or actuate.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Perrott in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st September 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
PERROTT, of Cork, in the Kingdom of Ireland, Ironfounder and Millwright,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Ifer Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Iler
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and graut unto me,
the said George Perrott, Her special license that I, the said George
Perrott, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said George Perrott, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all tiines there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HORSE GEARING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said George Perrott, by an instrument in writing under my hand and scal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to

page_text: be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Perrott, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thercon (that is to say):-
My Invention of "Improvements in Horse Gearing" relates to an improved
mode of constructing and operating the parts of that kind of machinery or
apparatus in which the power exerted by horses or other animals is used to
actuate the same, and motion obtained thereby is communicated to a driving
shaft, which is caused to rotate for the purpose of actuating various kinds of
machinery, particularly agricultural machines.
Figures 1 and 2 in the accompanying Drawing represent plan and sectional
views of the improved arrangement of parts which forms the subject of the
present Invention. The central vertical shaft a, upon which some of the
principal driving wheels are mounted, is made stationary, being firmly secured
to the fixed framing or casing A, A, of the machine. The upper edge of this
casing is male circular, and is provided internally with a toothed rack b, b,
into which gear a toothed wheel or wheels c, c, mounted on studs or pins d, d,
carried by the moveable cap or cover e, e, of the casing A. The upper side of
this cover or cap is provided with sockets f, f, to receive the arms or levers g, g,
to the ends of which the horses or other animals are yoked, and whereby the
said cover or cap e, e, is rotated round the stationary vertical shaft a. The
toothed wheels c, c, on the under side of the cover also gear into a central
pinion h, which turns freely on the central vertical shaft a, and forms part of
the boss i of a bevil wheel j beneath, and which also turns freely on the
central vertical shaft a.
Upon causing the moveable cap or cover e to rotate, the toothed wheels c, c,
mounted therein will be carried round the circular toothed rack b of the fixed
casing, and will consequently be made to rotate and drive the central pinion h,
and also the large bevilj wheel below, and of which it forms part. This latter
gears into and drives a bevel pinion k on a long horizontal shaft / that extends
through the fixed casing, and a rapid rotary motion is thereby communicated
to the latter. Such motion may be transferred by means of pulleys and bands,
or other suitable gearing, to any machinery that it may be desired to drive or
actuate.
Having now described my Invention of "Improvements in Horse Gearing,"
and having explained the means of carrying the same into effect, I would

page_text: observe that I am aware that the power of horses or other animals has been
heretofore transmitted to machinery by causing a horizontal plate, disc, or
wheel to rotate, and by means of suitable gearing to act on and drive a central
vertical shaft at an increased speed, so that the rotary motion of such central
vertical shaft may be communicated to a driving shaft connected with any
machinery it may be desired to actuate.. I have found, however, that by
communicating rotary motion in this manner to a central vertical shaft, and
transferring such rotary motion to a driving shaft connected with other
machinery, there is a considerable loss of power and great friction, and a want
of steadiness in the motions of the gearing, all of which defects I have
endeavoured to remedy in the improved horse gearing above described,
whereby I obtain greater steadiness of motion, more compactness of, form and
arrangement, and less friction and loss. of power than heretofore. I would
observe, however, that although I have shewn and described what I believe to
be the best arrangement and construction of parts to effect the purposes of my
Invention, I do not mean or intend to confine myself rigidly thereto, as they
may doubtless be varied without departing from the nature and object of my
improvements. The distinguishing and essential features of novelty in the
improved horse gearing above shewn and described, and which I claim as the
Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid, are,-
First, firmly fixing the main central vertical shaft to the bottom of the case,
cylinder or foundation of the machine, so as to render it incapable of motion,
and suitable to receive and steadily support the gearing that may be mounted
thercon or adapted thereto.
Second, I claim uniting or combining the central spur pinion with the large
bevel wheel, so that both may be made to rotate together around the fixed.
central vertical shaft.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Perrott, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Nineteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
GEORGE PERROTT. (L.S.)