Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Sept., 1886.
Complete Left, 6th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 8th July, 1887.
We, EDWIN JAMES PRESTON of the firm of J. Stone & Co. of Deptford in the
County of Kent, Engineers and EDWIN WILLIAM DE RUSETT of 2, Fell Road,
Croydon in the County of Surrey, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to improvements in side scuttles and is specially intended for
first class passenger ships where a large amount of day light and ventilation is
required. In ordinary side scuttles when made of a large size, the hinged door or
window is necessarily very heavy and difficult to move and secure being as a rule
opened upwards, besides which it must in practice be either entirely open or entirely
closed so that the amount of opening is never attempted to be regulated on account of
practical difficulties, also when secured the glass is liable to be cracked by the irregular
pressure of the fastenings.
.
In our improved scuttle however the "door" which holds the glass "light" is
pivotted in the centre by preference at top and bottom of frame, and arranged so that
the amount of opening can be regulated at will; by this means also, by turning the
door to look forward the current of air can be directed into the cabin which is a great
desideratum in calm hot weather; by turning the window to look aft the spray will
not enter the cabin when the vessel is going ahead fast or the sea is at all rough, and
a heavy wave will close it and so prevent the cabin getting wet. The window being
pivotted can be easily opened or closed as the weight is not borne by the operator.
When in the position looking aft the air current passing across the scuttle door will
induce an out current through the after opening of the door.
.
This pivotted door can be fastened and made water tight in many different ways.
One mode is to fit the frame of scuttle with an India rubber ring or washer of round,
square or other suitable shape, held in its place by a metallic ring which is acted
upon by two or more screwed or other suitable fastenings and arranged so that when

page_text: closed it may be quickly secured and made water tight-without any strain coming on
the glass by simply screwing down the fastenings by means of the handles above
referred to when the metallic ring is caused to press upon the India rubber and by
compression force it against the outer circumference or edge of door and so make a
perfectly water tight joint; at the same operation the glazed frame or door may be
backed up by lugs to resist outside pressure. The pivotted door may be made water
tight in the fixed frame by a metallic ring, metallic and rubber ring, leather strap_or
cup leather which may be pressed around the door by any suitable mechanism. The
glazed door of scuttle may be kept fixed, when open, to any degree by any suitable
contrivance, such as a screw pressing against one of the pivots or by its bearing
against the fixed frame.
T
1
a
1000
EDWIN JAMES PRESTON.
EDWIN WILLIAM DE RUSETT.
By Jensen & Son,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.
Improvements in Side Scuttles.
We EDWIN JAMES PRESTON of the firm of J. Stone & Co. of Deptford in the
County of Kent, Engineers and EDWIN WILLIAM DE RUSETT of 2 Fell Road,
Croydon in the County of Surrey, Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
'
Our invention relates to improvements in side scuttles and is specially intended for
first class passenger ships where a large amount of day light and ventilation is
required. In ordinary side scuttles when made of a large size the hinged door or
window is necessarily very heavy and difficult to move and secure, being as a rule
opened upwards, besides which it must in practice be either entirely open or entirely
closed so that the amount of opening is never attempted to be regulated on account of
practical difficulties; also when secured the glass is liable to be cracked by the irregular
pressure of the fastenings.
In our improved scuttle however the "door" which holds the glass "light"
is pivotted on its central axis by preference at top and bottom of frame and arranged
so that the amount of opening can be regulated at will.

page_text: In the accompanying drawings we have illustrated various modes of carrying this
invention into effect.
Figure 1 is a plan of inside of a side light, Figure 2 a cross section on the
horizontal centre line and Figure 3 a cross section on the vertical centre line.
The "door" A which holds the glass light B is pivotted on its central axis by a
pivot Centering into the scuttle frame or body E at top and a pivot D at bottom the
pivot C being held in place by a cap or plate C. The door A is arranged to be held
in one of several positions as desired, for instance, one of the three positions as here
shown; the door A being formed with a flange A¹ having three cup shaped recesses
into any one of which will enter the correspondingly formed end of the bolt F when
brought opposite thereto, being impelled by preference by a helical spring F' situated
between the bolt F and plug F screwed into the scuttle frame E¹.
Figures 4. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing the three positions of the side scuttle door.
By turning the door to look forward as in Figure 4 supposing the ship to be
travelling in direction indicated by arrows the current of air can be directed into the
cabin which is a great desideratum in calm hot weather. By turning the window to
look aft as in Figure 6 the spray will not enter the cabin when the vessel is going
ahead fast or the sea is at all rough and a heavy wave will close it and so prevent the
cabin from getting wet. At the same time the air current passing across the scuttle
door A B will induce an out current through the after opening of the door as shown
by the arrow. Figure 5 shows an intermediate position.
The window or door A B being pivotted by preference on a vertical axis as
shown can be easily opened or closed as the weight is not borne by the operator.
The pivotted door can be fastened and made water tight in many different ways.
One mode illustrated by Figures 1. 2 and 3 is to fit the frame E of the scuttle with an
India rubber ring or washer G (of round, square or other suitable shape) which in
this case is formed with a dove-tail part let into a metallic compression ring H. This
latter is acted upon by two (or more) screwed (or other) fastenings, such for instance
as the bow handled nuts I. I having wings I which take into slots formed in the
ring H and by screwing down on to the screws K fixed in the flange of scuttle
frame E' cause the ring H to press upon the rubber ring G. By this means the latter
is caused to swell towards its inner diameter thus making a perfectly water tight joint
against the outer circumference or edge of the door A. The door A is thus quickly
secured and the joint made without any strain coming on the glass B. The feather H¹
on the ring H enters a groove in the frame E for giving additional strength, lateral
steadiness and improving the appearance of the scuttle but this feather is partly cut
away at the place of the pivot C. Instead of the spring bolt F with the recesses A²
in the flange A¹ we may by means of a screw apply pressure against the pivot C for
holding the door tolerably secure in any angled position. The spring bolt F forms...
however a convenient and firm means, of holding.
Figure 2A is a sectional view showing a modification in which the bow handle nuts I
are made with a circular flange instead of the wing shaped flange I. The circular
flange slightly overlaps the edge of the door frame A on one side while the latter on
the opposite side abuts against a recess E¹ in the scuttle frame E, the door A B being
thus secured against the force of the sea from without.
Figure 7 is a plan view, Figure 8 a cross section on the horizontal centre line and
Figure 9 a cross section on line X. Y. Z of a modified form of side scuttle which while
in other respects similar to Figures 1 to 3 differs as to the means for compressing the
rubber ring. The metal ring H compressing the rubber ring G is here formed with a
part screw thread at H¹ H¹ in two opposite places (or it might be more than two
places) and made to screw on to two correspondingly screwed parts on the scuttle
frame E. To screw the compression ring H down or up on the frame E and thus
compressing or relieving the rubber ring G we employ a nut K which takes with a
tooth in a slot or housing on the ring H and is acted upon by an eyebolt or other
screw I in a manner similar to the so-called locking contrivance E described in the
specification of Mullan's patent No. 8614 of 1886. L is a loose metal ring interposed
between the metal ring H and the rubber ring G to prevent abrasion of the latter.

page_text: When the lug A² on the ring A comes under the lug H2 on the ring H the door A B
is perfectly secure against the force of the sea striking against it, the opposite
side of the door A B resting with a shoulder in a recess E¹ in the frame E.
In Figures 10 and 11 we have shown an arrangement somewhat similar to the one
just described except that the compression ring H is turned on the scuttle frame E by
means of the two handles I.
Figures 12 and 13 illustrate the application of a similar principle to a side scuttle
with "dead light" or cover. The compression ring H-having sometimes four
handles I for turning it by is provided with screw thread on the outside as shown in
the sectional part view Figure 13 while the lugs E2 on the scuttle frame E are
correspondingly screwed on the inside. The ring H is in this case pressed directly
on the rubber or it might have an intermediate ring like L Figure 8. The dead light M
is connected and secured in the usual manner as shown.
In Figures 14 and 15 which also show a side scuttle with a dead light or cover,
the
compression ring H is made in halves which are united on one side by a slotted hinge
the sides of the two slots working on a pin N fixed on the scuttle frame E and on the
other side by a screw I fitting in a swivel nut K and passing through lugs on the
ring H which lugs travel in a dove-tail groove on the scuttle frame E that also has
cleats E³ for keeping the compression ring H down on to the frame E. Instead of
the ring Hin halves we may use any other suitable mechanism for pressing
the rubber ring G or other joint making ring around the door A.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the ature of our invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is:
1. In side scuttles a centrally pivotted door in combination with a scuttle frame
with an elastic packing ring for making a water tight joint with the outer circumference
of the door and with means for compressing such packing against the door and with
means for holding the door fast when closed or in any desired position when open
substantially as set forth.
2. The construction of side scuttle substantially as described with reference to
Figures 1. 2 and 3.
3. The construction of side scuttle substantially as described with reference to
Figures 7 and 8.
•
4. The construction of side scuttle substantially as described with reference to
Figures 9 and 10.
5. The construction of side scuttle substantially as described with reference to
Figures 11 and 12.
6. The construction of side scuttle substantially as described with reference to
Figures 13 and 14.
7. The application to side scuttle of the means hereinbefore described for holding
the door in the closed and in any desired open position.
Dated this 6th day of June 1887.