Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 22nd July, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 13th Apr., 1897--Accepted, 15th May, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, LOUIS MICHEL BULLIER of 12, Avenue d'Orleans, Paris, France, Chemist,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in electric furnaces of the kind described
in another application for letters patent, for effecting the fusion of matters at high
temperatures by placing the arc in the midst of the mixture from which the
substance required is to be produced, as for instance the mixture of lime and
carbon for the production of carbide of calcium or in more general terms the
mixture of carbon and the oxide or salt of the metal of which it is desired to
obtain the carbide or the metal. The proportion of carbon in the mixture would
vary according to the metal or carbide to be obtained.
It is important to note that in this system of furnace the work is never
performed in short circuit, the are playing between the movable electrode and
the fused bath.
The reaction chamber formed in the mass of material under treatment and of
which the sides are constituted by the material itself, is the vacant space left below
the electrode as it rises proportionally to the formation of the substance to be
produced, the material from which it is formed being fed to the reaction chamber
in a continuous mauner by the walls of the chamber which are generally of a
pulverulent nature. This method of operation enables the calorific action of the
arc to be concentrated and the reactions to be performed in a very limited space
thus avoiding waste of heat and enabling the whole of the heat produced to be
utilized.
The material which has not entered into the reaction thus forms in itself the
interior walls of the furnace which being composed of oxides mixed with carbon
are bad conductors of heat.
By increasing the sectional area of the furnace the lining of material not acted
on may be so thick that the external walls need not necessarily be of refractory
materials but may be of any material inasmuch as they would merely serve to
contain the materials from which the product is to be obtained.
We thus come back to the conditions of the furnace invented by Moissan
whereby he was enabled to effect the reduction of metallic oxides hitherto deemed
non-reducible.
Dated this 22nd day of July 1896
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.

page_text: I, LOUIS MICHEL BULLIER of 12, Avenue d'Orleans, Paris, France, Chemist,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in electric furnaces of the kind described
in another application for Letters Patent (No. 16,256/96) for effecting the fusion
of matters at high temperatures by placing the arc in the midst of the mixture
from which the substance required is to be produced, as for instance the mixture
of lime and carbon for the production of carbide of calcium or in more general
terms the mixture of carbon and the oxide or salt of the metal of which it is desired
to obtain the carbide or the metal. The proportion of carbon in the mixture would
vary according to the metal or carbide to be obtained.
It is important to note that in this system of furnace the work is never
performed in short circuit, the arc playing between the movable electrode and
the fused bath.
The reaction chamber formed in the mass of material under treatment and of
which the sides are constituted by the material itself, is the vacant space left below
the electrode as it rises proportionally to the formation of the substance to be
produced, the material from which it is formed being fed to the reaction chamber
in a continuous manner by the walls of the chamber which are generally of a
pulverulent nature. This method of operation enables the calorific action of the
arc to be concentrated and the reactions to be performed in a very limited space
thus avoiding waste of heat and enabling the whole of the heat produced to be
utilized.
The material which has not entered into the reaction thus forms in itself the
interior walls of the furnace which being composed of oxides mixed with carbon
are bad conductors of heat.
By increasing the sectional area of the furnace the lining of material not acted
on may be so thick that the external walls need not necessarily be of refractory
materials but may be of any material inasmuch as they would merely serve to
coutain the materials from which the product is to be obtained, thus reverting
to the conditions of the furnace invented by Moissan whereby he was enabled to
effect the reduction of metallic oxides hitherto deemed non-reducible.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
An electric furnace wherein the are is located in the midst of the mass under
treatment so that the portions of the material not yet attacked constitute a
refractory lining for the walls of the furnace as described.
Dated this 13th day of April 1897.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
53, Chancery Lane, Loudon, Chartered Patent Agents.