AN IMPROVED MACHINE OR MILL FOR GRINDING, GRANULATING, SEPARATING, AND SIMILARLY TREATING GRAIN, BARK, AND OTHER LIKE MATERIALS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake;
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED MACHINE OR MILL FOR GRINDING, GRANULATING, SEPARATING,
AND SIMILARLY TREATING GRAIN, BARK, AND OTHER LIKE MATERIALS." A
communication from abroad by Darius C. Newell, of the City and State of
New York United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th December 1877.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co, Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVED MACHINE OR MILL FOR
GRINDING, GRANULATING, SEPARATING, AND SIMILARLY TREATING Grain, Bark,
AND OTHER LIKE MATERIALS." [A communication from abroad by Darius C.
Newell, of the City and State of New York, United States of America.]
The said Invention relates to improvements in machines or mills for grinding or
granulating grain, bark, or other materials or substances, which machines or mills
are provided with rollers, made and driven in a certain manner for effecting the
grinding or granulating, and of a certain arrangement of devices for sifting the
material, and of other devices for separating both the light and heavy portions of
the material under operation which it is not desirable to grind.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I employ rollers in pairs, and con-
structed respectively with circular angular edges or belts, which fit or interlock
together, and the two rollers are geared to revolve at different speeds, so that while
the material introduced between them must necessarily pass through the mill at
the speed at least of the slower roller, it is cut, and toin, and crushed by the
superior speed of the faster moving roller. The movement of the said slow roller
prevents any clogging of the mill and jamming and heating of the material which
is being treated, and the difference between the speeds of the two rollers occasions
the grinding action.

page_text: The said angular ridges may be made with teeth either at the exterior edge or
on the angular sides; and in either case a flat or radial side of the tooth is made to
face upward in the slow roller to hold the material, and to face downward in the
faster roller to seize the material and carry it through.
A carrier to convey the ground material from the mill is fitted with a sieve, to
which is imparted a suitable motion, and the portion that has not been ground
sufficiently fine may be returned to the rollers on passed through another similar
pair.
In its passage through the mill after it has left the first rollers the material may
be subjected to an air blast which will blow aside the chaff, for instance, from 1
grain, and in a similar manner a carrier is made with a hole in its lower side,
through which a blast passes with sufficient force to cause the material to be carried
over, while any heavy matter that might occasion accident or breakage will fall
through the blast into an appropriate trap or receptacle.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd June 1878.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London "AN IMPROVED MACHINE OR MILL FOR
GRINDING, GRANULATING, SEPARATING, AND SIMILARLY TREATING GRAIN, BARK,
AND OTHER LIKE MATERIAS." A communication from abroad by Darius C. Newell,
of the City and State of New York, United States of America.
The said improvements relate to a machine or mill for grinding or granulating
grain, bark, and other materials; and they consist in rollers made and driven in a
peculiar manner for effecting the grinding, and in a novel arrangement of devices
for separating the light and the heavy portions of the material that it is not desirable
to grind.
The material is ground by rollers which are used in pairs, made with angular
ridges or belts that fit or interlock together, and the two rollers are geared to
revolve at different speeds, so that while the material introduced between them
must necessarily pass through the mill at the speed at least of the slower roller, it is
cut, and torn, and crushed by the superior speed of the faster moving roller. The
movement of the slow roller prevents any clogging of the mill and jamming and
heating of the material, and the difference between the speeds of the two rollers
occasions the grinding action.
The angular ridges may be made with teeth, either at the exterior edge, or on
the angular sides, or on both the edge and the sides; and in either case a flat or
radial side of the tooth is made to face upward in the slow roller to hold the
material, and to face downward in the faster roller to seize the material and carry
it through.

page_text: The portion of the material that has not been ground at first sufficiently fine
may be returned to the rollers for another grinding, or it may be passed through
another similar pair.
In its passage through the mill after it has left the first rollers the material may
be subjected to an air blast, which will blow aside the chaff, for instance, from
grain; and a carrier may also be made with a hole in its lower side through which
a blast passes with sufficient force to cause the material to be carried over, while
any heavy extrinsic matter that might occasion accident or breakage will fall
through the blast into an appropriate trap or receptacle.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a mill constructed with my said improvements;
Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
Figures 3 and 4 are front and side views of one of the plates or discs of which
the grinding part of the mill is composed.
The roller a is fitted with a small pulley, by which it is driven at a greater speed
than the slow roller b, which has a larger pulley. The material to be ground is
delivered into the hopper c, from which its passage to the rollers may be regulated
by the slide d. The teeth of the slow roller are arranged face upward, and those of
the fast roller are arranged face downward, and however they may be made the fast
roller carries the material through the mill, while it is held back by the slow roller,
but it must go through the mill at least as fast as the speed at which the slower
teeth move, and it is ground by the conjoint action of the two rollers and teeth
moving at different speeds.
Two or more pairs of rollers may be combined in a series, the first that acts upon
the material being set or arranged more widely apart than the last; and an elevator
or carrier may be arranged to return the coarser portion of the material to the rollers
after it has been sifted to be again ground. After the material has been acted upon
by the rollers a, b, it is again ground by the rollers e, f, and after it has been sifted
or bolted the coarser portions may be raised to the spout or carrier g, that delivers
it to the lower rollers e, f.
It is convenient to make the rollers of circular plates or discs of the thickness of .
one of the angular ridges, and the pointed teeth of the rollers a, b, are best adapted
to grinding bark and other material of a fibrous character, and the teeth formed by
the shallow recesses in the sides of the angular rings, like those of the rollers e, f,
or of the circular plate shown in Figures 3 and 4, are best adapted to grain or
granulate material that it is desired to grind very fine.
As a piece of iron or other intractable substance would occasion breakage if
delivered to the rollers the carrier / by which the material is conveyed to the
hopper may be made with an opening across its bottom, over which material of a
light character will be supported by an air blast from the blower i, but through
which a heavier article will fall into the receptacle placed underneath.
In grinding grain the upper rollers may be set and driven to decorticate or strip
the grain without crushing it, and then a blast from the blower through the nozzle
may be used to blow the chaff into the spout m, while the grain alone is ground by
the rollers below.
The said mill may be constructed with the appurtenances usually combined with
apparatus of a similar character, or that may be required for any particular work.
The relative positions of the rollers may be determined by keys or screws at the
bearings of the journals on which they run, and one of them may be fitted with
spring bearings that will yield to an excessive strain.
Having thus fully described the said Invention, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim,
First. The rollers made with teeth or detents on interlocking angular ridges, and
geared to revolve at different speeds, as above described.

page_text: Second. The combination of two or more sets of the said rollers with an elevator
and a sifting or bolting apparatus, in the manner above described.
Third. The application of a blast between two sets of the said rollers, combined
with a separate nozzle or receptacle for the chaff, as above described.
Fourth. The combination of a blower and a carrier with an opening in the 5
bottom, in the manner and for the purpose above described
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.