Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Spinning String and Rope Yarn.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date claimed for Patent under Sect. 103 OT ACT,
being date of first Foreign Application (in 14th Aug., 1891
Belgium),
Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 14th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 14th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 4th Mar., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Spinning String and
Rope Yarn.
I, ANTOINE MATHOT of 38 Rue Vondel Brussels, Belgium, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to improvements in machinery or apparatus for
spinning string and rope yarn.
The machine or apparatus comprises a hollow spindle upon which is fixed a cone
pulley by which it can be rotated at different speeds from another cone pulley
fixed on the driving shaft. Upon the spindle is loosely mounted another pulley for
rotating at a different speed to the spindle, a pair of face plates or flier heads
connected together by stay rods or flier bars. One of these face plates or flier
heads, which may be formed in one with the driving pulley therefor, carries grooved
pulleys arranged to rotate freely on their axes and connected to toothed wheels by
which they are actuated by a pinion keyed on the end of the spindle. The combed
hemp is introduced at one end of the hollow spindle by the spinner, and passes out
at the other end, and is wound round the grooved pulleys whence it passes around
a guide and is then wound upon a bobbin, the torsion or twist imparted to the
thread or yarn on its onward movement being produced by the difference between
the speed of rotation of the hollow spindle and that of the face plates or flier
heads.
The bobbin upon which the yarn is to be wound is mounted upon another
spindle that is arranged coaxially with the first and passes freely through one
of the face plates or flier heads, its inner end being pivoted in a cross bar that
connects the grooved pulleys mounted upon the other face plate or flier head.
One of the stay rods connecting the two face plates or flier heads is made hollow,
and in it is arranged a screw threaded rod having crossed threads for reciprocating
the guide which distributes the thread upon the bobbin. This screw threaded rod
is uniformly rotated from a pulley keyed on a separate shaft the motion being
transmitted through a pulley and gearing mounted on the spindle carrying the
bobbin and toothed gearing on the adjacent face plate or flier head. Or the
toothed gearing may be replaced by grooved pulleys and a rope. A slip belt pulley
or brake pulley mounted on this latter spindle is provided to prevent the bobbin
turning with the face plates or flier heads, and to impart the necessary tension to
the yarn on the grooved pulleys, guide and hobbin.
For varying or gradually retarding or stopping the speed of the machine hand
and foot levers are provided whereby the driving belt can be caused to pass
gradually from the fast to the loose pulley on the driving shaft and a brake can be
brought into operation.
Dated this 14th day of March 1892.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Spinning String and
Rope Yarn.
I, ANTOINE MATHOT, formerly of 38 Rue Vondel, but now of 98 Rue Verbock-
haven Brussels, Belgium, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has reference to improvements in machinery or apparatus for
spinning string and rope yarn.
The machine or apparatus comprises a hollow spindle upon which is fixed a cone
pulley by which it can be rotated at different speeds from another cone pulley fixed
on the driving shaft. Upon the spindle is loosely mounted another pulley for
rotating at a different speed to the spindle, a pair of face plates or flier heads
connected together by stay rods or flier bars. One of these face plates or flier
heads, which may be formed in one with the driving pulley therefor, carries
grooved pulleys arranged to rotate freely on their axes and connected to toothed
wheels by which they are actuated by a pinion keyed on the end of the spindle.
The combed hemp introduced at one end of the hollow spindle by the spinner,
and passes out at the other end, and is wound round the grooved pulleys whence
it passes around a guide and is then wound upon a bobbin, the torsion or twist
imparted to the thread or yarn on its onward movement being produced by the
difference between the speed of rotation of the hollow spindle and that of the face
plates or flier heads.
The bobbin upon which the yarn is to be wound is mounted upon another spindle
that is arranged coaxially with the first and passes freely through one of the face
plates or flier heads, its inner end being pivoted in a cross bar that connects the
grooved pulleys mounted upon the other face plate or flier head.
One of the stay rods connecting the two face plates or flier heads is made hollow,
and in it is arranged a screw threaded rod having crossed threads for reciprocating
the guide which distributes the thread upon the bobbin. This screw threaded rod
is uniformly rotated from a pulley keyed on a separate shaft the motion being
transmitted through a pulley and gearing mounted on the spindle carrying the
bobbin and toothed gearing on the adjacent face plate or flier head. Or the
toothed gearing may be replaced by grooved pulleys and a rope. A slip belt
pulley or brake pulley mounted on this latter spindle is provided to prevent the
bobbin turning with the face plates or flier heads, and to impart the necessary
tension to the yarn on the grooved pulleys, guide and bobbin.
For varying or gradually retarding or stopping the speed of the machine hand
and foot levers are provided whereby the driving belt can be caused to pass
gradually from the fast to the loose pulley on the driving shaft and a brake can be
brought into operation.
Referring to the annexed drawings,
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a machine constructed according to my invention.
Fig. 2 is a similar (partial) elevation showing some modifications.
Fig. 3 is a view shewing one of the face plates or flier heads and the grooved
pulleys and toothed wheels carried thereby, the course of the hemp on the grooved
pulleys, the guide and the bobbin being indicated by dotted lines.
Fig. 4 is a detached view of the bearing P, Fig. 1.
Figs. 5 show to a larger scale in side and front elovation one of the face plates or
flier heads and the grooved pulleys and toothed wheels carried thereby.
Figs. 6 are similar views of the other face plate or flier head the pulley e¹ (Fig. 2)
and the gearing which actuates the endless screw hereinafter described.
Fig. 7 is a separate view of the spindle O, Fig. 1, on a larger scale, showing its
cross section at various points in its length.

page_text: Figs. 8 and 8 are separate views on a larger scale of the hollow stay rod or flier
bar with its endless screw and guide.
Fig. 9 is a detached view, to a larger scale, of the spindle D, Fig. 1, showing the
deviation or eccentricity of its longitudinal perforation.
D is the hollow spindle into which the operative inserts the combed hemp; this
spindle has rotary motion imparted to it from a cone pulley A keyed thereon and
which is driven from another cone pulley A' on the main shaft S of the machine by
means of a belt A'. A fork V capable of being moved along a graduated support W,
and of being fixed thereon by means of a screw with handle shown in dotted lines
in Fig. 1, admits of the position of the belt A' on the pulleys A A¹ being adjusted
for the purpose of varying the rotation of the spindle D to suit requirements. The
shaft S also carries a pulley B' which drives a pulley B through which the spindle D
freely passes; this pulley B is formed in one with one (H) of a pair of revolving
face plates or flier heads H H' that are connected together by stay-rods or flier
bars 11. The face plate H carries grooved pulleys GG which rotate freely on
their axes and are concentric with toothed wheels G* which are rotated from a
pinion keyed at the inner end of the spindle D.
The bobbin Z on which the thread is to be wound, is mounted ou a rod O
arranged in the same axial line as the spindle D and which passes freely through
the face plate H' and rests at its pointed end on a cross piece Y that connects the
grooved pulleys G G on the face plate H.
The hollow spindle D is supported in the bearings P 1" and a bearing P carries
the other rod O which near its outer end is formed with a groove O' in which
engages a catch R (see Fig. 4) jointed to the bearing P for the purpose of locking
the rod in place endways and preventing it from becoming disengaged from the
cross piece Y.
In the hollow stay rod or flier bar I is located a screw with crossed threads I
on which travels the guide K which distributes the thread on the bobbin Z.
In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, uniform rotary motion is imparted to the
screw L by a pulley E formed in one with the pulley B and which, through the
medium of the pulleys E¹ and E" mounted on the shaft S', drives a pulley E
carried by the pedestal Pand_formed in one with a toothed wheel M" which,
through the medium of a pinion M', transmits motion to a toothed wheel M on the
end of the screw L.
In the modified arrangement shown in Fig. 2, instead of using the pulleys E, E¹,
E and E and the shaft S' to transmit motion to the screw L, a pulley e keyed
on the driving shaft S is employed, the motion being transinitted directly from said
shaft to a pulley e¹ carried by the pedestal P and formed in one with the toothed
wheel M which drives the toothed wheel M and the screw L through the
pinion M¹.
Cis a brake-pulley provided with a weight C¹ it is mounted in the pedestal Pl
and is fixed upon the rod O by a part of square form in cross section. This brake-
pulley C serves for retarding the rotation of the bobbin Z and to give to the thread
the necessary tension on the grooved pulleys G, G', the pulley J, the guide K and
the bobbin Z.
Qis a pulley fast on the shaft S, and Q¹ is a pulley loose ou the same shaft, over
which passes the belt which transmits the motion of an engine to the shaft S and
the pulleys keyed thereon. ✗" is a fork at the end of a rod X' which, by means
of a lever X, can be pulled towards the front of the machine in opposition to the
action of a coiled spring X, for the purpose of causing the belt to pass from the
loose pulley Q on to the fast pulley Q, in order to set the machine in motion. The
rod is provided near the front of the machine with a series of notches into
which engages a detent U¹ operated by a foot lever U pivoted at U" to the framing
of the machine. This foot lever U also serves to operate a brake T which surrounds
the pulley A¹.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-
The workman situated on the left hand in front of the opening of the spindle D

page_text: (Figs. 1 and 2) passes into the latter the hemp to be spun which he has previously
prepared by hand in the form of a ribbon. This ribbon passes through the entire
length of the spindle D, and is then wound upon the grooved pulleys G G',
whence it passes over the pulley J, the pulley of the guide K and finally on the
bobbin Z.
The workman then by raising the handle of the lever X to a greater or less
extent, causes (through the rod X' and fork X") the driving belt to pass from the
loose pulley Q partially or wholly on to the fast pulley Q, according as he desires
that the machine shall run faster or slower.
The rotation of the shaft S is transmitted by the cone pulley A' to the cone
pulley A which rotates the spindle D, the pinion F and the pulleys G G' with a
speed which varies according as the workman moves the belt from the cone
pulleys A and A¹more or less to the left or to the right; the rotation of the shaft S
is also transmitted by the pulley B¹ to the pulley B in the bearing P¹ said pulley B
rotating the face plate or flier head H and the pulley E the rotary motion of which
latter is transinitted by the pulleys E' shaft S' pulley E" and E in the bearing Pl
which last mentioned pulley is formed in one with the toothed wheel M", to the
pinion M, which in turn rotates the toothed wheel M and the screw with crossed
threads L on which the guide K travels in order to distribute the thread on the
bobbin Z.
In the modification shown in Fig. 2, the pulley 131 only drives the face plate or
flier head H, and the motion of the screw L is transmitted directly from the driving
shaft S by the pulley e.to the pulley e carried by the bearing P" and formed in
one with the toothed wheel M¹¹.
This arrangement has the advantage that by providing a tightening device B"
(Fig. 1) for the belt of the pulleys B B', the speed of rotation of the face
plates H H' driven by these pulleys relatively to that of the mechanism for driving
the screw L and the guide K which receives its motion from the pulleys e e' can be
varied. Thus the speed of the guide K cau be regulated so that it will move
quicker when the face plates H H rotate faster, as will be readily understood by
reference to Fig. 2.
The weighted brake-pulley C in which the rod O is fixed prevents the latter and
the bobbin from being drawn along with the same speed of rotation as the face-
plates, or flier heads which would have for result that the yarn would float on
leaving the pulleys & G', and would not become wound upon the bobbin.
Two or more weights may be suspended from the belt of the brake pulley,
whereby it is rendered possible to vary the speed of rotation of the bobbin Z and
of the rod O for example to diminish the speed when the diameter of the bobbin
increases by reason of the winding of the thread, by first allowing one or more of
the weights to rest upon a suitable support which can be readily caused by the
workman to tip or turn over by means of a rod or otherwise, so as to let the weight
or weights resting thereon to hang free when he desires to still further reduce the
speed of rotation of the bobbin.
To stop the machine, the workman presses upon the pedal U and disengages
the detent U¹ from the notches in the rod X' whereupon the spring "
pushes back the said rod X' and the fork X" which, in moving back, moves
the driving belt from the fast pulley Q onto the loose pulley Q', whilst at the
same time the brake T will be lowered on to the pulley A' and instantly stop the
machine.
In order to effect a certain resistance to the passage of the ribbon, the perforation
of the spindle D may have given to it a deviation or eccentricity as shown at d,
Fig. 9 the ribbon being caused to diverge from a straight path as will be well
understood.
All the various moving parts of the machine rotate in the same direction, the
torsion or twist of the thread and the drawing along of the same by the grooved
pulleys are produced by the difference in speed of the various parts. By varying
the relative diameters of the various pulleys, the difference in speed of the

page_text: various parts can be increased or diminished and the torsion or twist of the
thread and the draw thereof consequently altered.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A machine for spinning string and rope yarn in which all the organs or
parts used for spinning and winding up the yarn rotate in the same direction,
and in which the torsion of the yarn is produced by the difference in speed of
rotation of the various organs or parts substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. A machine of the kind specified in Claim 1, in which the bobbin is arranged
between the flier heads or face plates and is fitted upon the squared portion of
a spindle so as to rotate therewith, the said spindle being carried at one end in
a bearing through which it passes freely and at the other end in a cross bar
connecting the winding pulleys carried by one of the face plates, an engaging
device jointed to the said bearing and taking into a circular groove in the spindle
serving to prevent longitudinal displacement of the latter when the bobbin is placed
in position, substantially as herein before described with reference to and shown in
Figs. 124 and 7 of the accompanying drawings.
3. In a machine of the kind specified in Claim 1 the combination with the bobbin
and the spindle carrying the same, of a brake-pulley keyed on the said spindle and
provided with a belt carrying two or more weights capable of resting upon a support
that can be made to rock or tip up so as to cause the weight or weights resting
thereon to hang free when it is desired to increase the resistance of the brake
substantially as hereinbefore described.
4. In a machine of the kind specified in Claim 1, the combination with the
pulleys B B driving the face plates H H and the pulleys e e¹ and toothed
wheels M M M" driving the guide K, of a tightening pulley B on the belt of the
pulleys B B whereby the speed of the said guide K'can be regulated as herein-
before described.
5. In a machine of the kind specified in Claim 1, a fork operated in one direction
by a hand lever and in the opposite direction by a spring for the purpose of causing
the driving belt to pass from a loose pulley onto a fixed pulley keyed on the driving
shaft of the machine and rice versa, substantially as hereinabove described with
reference to and shown in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings for the purpose
specified.
6. In a machine of the kind specified in Claim 1, the combination with the
pulley A' for driving the hollow spindle D, of a brake T operated by a foot lever U
substantially as hereinbefore described and shown.
7. In a machine of the kind specified in Claim 1, the combination with the belt
working on the cone pulleys A, A' for driving the hollow spindle D, of an adjust-
able fork V and a graduated support W wherein the said fork is mounted to slide
substantially as herein before described with reference to and shown in Fig. 1 of the
accompanying drawings for the purpose specified.
8. In a machine of the kind specified in Claim 1, the combination of the hand
lever X, the rod X' provided with notches, the fork X", the foot lever U provided
with a tappet adapted to engage in one or other of the notches in the said rod X¹
in order to permit of the driving belt being passed gradually from one of the
pulleys Qor Q to the other or so as to be on both pulleys simultaneously substan-
tially as hereinbefore described and for the purpose specified.
9. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting my improved machine
for spinning string and rope yarn substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 14th day of December 1899
A. MATHOT,
By L. W., per F. B.