Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 29th June, 1887.
Specification Accepted, 2nd Aug., 1887.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S. M.I.M.E. of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors 6, Lord Street, Liverpool and 6 Bank Street Manchester both in the
County of Lancaster and 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
These improvements refer to the use of special arrangements for injecting a jet or
jets of water for ventilation and air moistening purposes, applicable to the so called
U shaped as well as the flat cup shaped ventilating apparatus.
The annexed drawings represent:
Figures 1 and 1ª a vertical section of such a cup shaped ventilator in several
variations.
Figure 2 is a section of the same.
Figure 3 an arrangement which at the same time will act as an air moistening
apparatus.
Figures 4 and 4, the apparatus constructed chiefly for air moistening purposes.
Figures 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10 and 11 several arrangements for disintegrating water.
Figures 12 and 13 a combination of two water spray apparatuses of which the one
nay be used for air propelling and the other for air moistening.
Figure 14 is a U shaped ventilator.
Figures 15, 16 and 17, arrangements which have for their object the lessening of
he noise produced by the water striking the sides of the pipe.
.
Figure 18 a longitudinal section through a water disintegrating apparatus
atural size.
Until now only spray nozzles or rose-heads have been used for the purpose of
entilation and air moistening, which ejected the water in isolated thread-like jets,

page_text: If a higher degree of disintegration was required, it became necessary to make spray
holes, sinaller in proportion and this could be done only up to a certain limit. The
reduction of the size of the spray holes often caused them to become blocked and in
consequence of their great number the very small holes constantly caused difficulties.
The ejection jets were in such arrangements-directed either against plates or 5
against each other for the purpose of producing spray.
The object of the present invention is to use only one comparatively strong and
compact water jet, and to divide or disintegrate it into a water cone or water cloud by
means of suitable mechanism.
Before the description of the different parts is entered upon it might be pointed out 1
that it is essential in all apparatus for water disintegration to cause the spreading to
start from the middle of the jet, and thus first form a water cone or a cone shaped
sheet of water, that is, to let the dividing and the spreading of the water be effected
from the middle of the jet evenly to all sides. The water cloud thus formed is after-
wards, according to requirements broken or formed into spray by striking surfaces
placed in a position to produce that effect.
It is evident that such apparatus may be considerably simplified both as to construction
and use, when only one, comparatively strong water jet is used.
The cup shaped ventilator represented in figures 1, 1 and 2 either draws in the air
and conducts it upwards (figure 1) or distributes it, purified and moistened, from the
centre evenly in the room, (figures 1 and 2). The formation of a horizontal water
sheet is effected by a shoulder under the spreading cone which is placed in line of the
water jet. As shown in figures 5-11, not only a different degree of disintegration
but also any desired direction of the water or finely divided water particles may be
obtained by different forms of the point of the cone and different ways of arranging
the shoulders on the cone or underneath it. In figure 10 an arrangement is represented
by which the water cone is broken or deflected at different points, while in figure 11
the water cone is led off evenly by one surface, but the varying lengths of the deflecting
surface gives to the water different directions and different speeds.
Figures 3 and 4 represent an arrangement which is specially applicable for
factories etcetera.
In many cases, such as in spinning and weaving mills for instance, it is of great
importance to obtain pure and moist air; the air must have a certain degree of
moisture without causing any kind of deposit on the floor or on the machines in the
room. For this purpose the water disintegrating arrangement is surrounded by a cup
of any suitable form by which those particles of water which are not divided finely
enough are retained. Figure 3 shows an apparatus which does service as a ventilator
and air moistener at the same time.
The water issuing from the jet tube a is divided or spread by the cone band directed
side ways by the shoulder c above or at the base of the cone. The larger water
particles are retained by the cup d within the enclosed space and are conducted down-
wards into the chamber e where they are led away. The chamber e has openings for
the passage of air. If desired the water which is caught by the sides of the cup may
be led away directly from the cup, and in this case the cup has a central opening for
the entrance of the air. Figure 4 represents an apparatus which acts exclusively as
air moistener. By this arrangement the water particles directed sideways are beaten
back in a direction opposite to the deflected current, and in this way the highest degree
of disintegration is attained. The disintegration is produced, in this case for example,
by placing a ring in a suitable position fitted with flat or bent plates 9 at intervals.
The apparatus represented in the figures 3 and 4 can be used without any casing in
an open space or room etcetera or in a shaft or tube, such as a heating chamber; in
the latter case it is of no importance whether the current of air is produced by the
apparatus itself, or by a special spray apparatus, or by the admission of a jet of steam,
or by differences in the temperature.
Figure 12 is a combination of two spray apparatus.
It is very advantageous if to such apparatuses, which serve at the same time as
ventilators and air moisteners, a ring such as shown in Figure 4 is used for the second

page_text: disintegration. In other cases the second disintegration only serves to increase the
speed of the air.
In Figure 14 a Ushaped apparatus is represented in which the water cone or water
sheet is not subjected to any deflection at all; a water spray apparatus is placed in
each of the two shafts of the ventilator with the object of either drawing in fresh or
discharging foul air. The spray water is led off below.
In this apparatus also the water particles may be again finely disintegrated by the
introduction of suitably constructed deflecting surfaces on any part of the water
cone i.e. placed in the path of the deflected water jet similar to the construction in
Figure 4.
Figure 15 shows a ring h placed inside the tube. It is made in such a form that
the water cone or the water cloud is guided gradually in the direction of the tube and
has for its object to reduce the noise caused by the striking of the water particles
against the sides of the tube.
Figures 16 and 17 show the introduction of a short pipe. This short pipe k has a
smaller diameter than the outside pipe, so that the air circulates freely between the two
pipes. The lower part of the inserted pipe is shaped in the same way as the ring hin
figure 15, and for the same purpose.
This arrangement allows a quicker and greater current of air, as here the air is not
only led away by the flowing water jet, but is also cooled and carried away through
the double pipe by the water spray.
Figure 18. represents the arrangement of a simple water disintegrating apparatus.
It consists in a shaped pipe provided at its top part with a scrow m, while below
a piece n with female thread formed in it carries the arın o for holding the spray
cone p. The mouth piece y with the opening for the water jet is screwed into the
piece n in such a manner that it may be removed for cleaning purposes. The water
supply tube is provided with side openings and may be when required removed after
the closing caps has been unscrewed. The admission of the water may be direct, if
desired, that is to say in the direction of the spray.
2"
The spray cone p can be turned in the nut t so that the distance between its apex
and the jet opening may be varied at pleasure. In order to interfere as little as
possible with the water cone, the arm or holder is shaped like a knife blade on the
side which is turned towards the jet; so that at this place a cutting takes place and
all spraying is as much as possible prevented.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1st. The use of only one comparatively strong water jet, which is lispersed in all
directions by a cone placed opposite it; the conical water surface thus produced can
be used in air ventilating and moistening apparatus, for the purpose of avoiding as
much as possible the irregularities of the working of the apparatus, arising from an
obstruction in the jet opening.
2nd. The use of only one comparatively strong water jet divided in the manner set
forth in claim 1, and the application of projections or shoulders at the base of the
disintegrating or dispersing cone or below this base for the purpose of altering the
direction of the spray or water, in such a manner as to render possible the construction
of flat or bowl shaped apparatus wherein a further pulverisation of the deflected water
sheets is produced or not by means of stop surfaces inserted in the path of the
water spray.
3rd. The insertion of the stop surfaces in the path of water-sheets in apparatus
provided with dispersing contrivances producing a conical, flat or any other form of
water sheet, these stop surfaces being disposed in such a manner that the water sheet
shall be once more pulverized, either wholly or partly and transformed into a minutely
divided spray.
4th. The application in the water jet dispersing contrivance shown in Figure 3 of a

page_text: cup with borders or sides partly turned up and partly open for the purpose of retaining
those particles of water which have not been divided finely enough.
5th. The combination of two water-jet dispersing apparatus working opposite to each
other in such a manner that either or both are employed to carry along the air, or that
one allows a further division through the insertion of stop surfaces in the water, sheets,
or that this further division be caused by the parting of the water cones themselves.
6th. The application of a water dispersing contrivance which can be easily placed
in a bent pipe (figure 14) or in a pipe provided with rings of parabolical form adapted
to the side of the pipe (Figure 15); or again in a pipe provided partly with double
walls as in Figure 16 and used either to exhaust vitiated air or supply fresh moistened
air to a room. The latter apparatus consists only in the combination of one com-
paratively large water opening for the water exit with a cone placed opposite to this
opening, so that a dispersion of the water jet takes place in all directions and
regularly; the distance of this cone to the water exit can be varied and the nozzle
removed from the inside of the pipe, so that it can be more easily taken out and
cleaned.

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 20th day of October 1890, Amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
and Air Moistening.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S. M.I.M.E. of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors 6, Lord Street, Liverpool and 6 Bank Street Manchester both in the
County of Lancaster and 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
These improvements refer to the use of special arrangements for injecting a jet or
jets of water for ventilation and air moistening purposes, applicable to the so called
U shaped as well as the flat cup shaped ventilating apparatus.
The annexed drawings represent apparatus constructed according to this invention.
Figures 1 and 1º a are vertical sections of such a cup shaped ventilator in several
variations.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same.
Figure 3 shews an arrangement which at the same time will act as a ventilating and
an air moistening apparatus.
Figures 4 and 4ª represent the apparatus as constructed chiefly for air moistening
purposes.
Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 illustrate several arrangements for disintegrating
water.
Figures 12 and 13 shew a combination of two sets of water spray apparatuses of
which the whereof one may be used for air propelling and the other for air
moistening.
Figure 14 is a U shaped ventilator.
Figures 15, 16 and 17 represent arrangements which have for their object the
lessening of the noise produced by the water striking the sides of the pipe.
Figure 18 is a longitudinal section through a water disintegrating apparatus
atural size: drawn to a larger scule.
purpose
of
Until now only spray nozzles or rose-heads have heen used for the
ventilation and air moistening, which ejected the water in isolated thread-like jets.
D
7

page_text: י
If a higher degree of disintegration was were required, it became necessary to make
the spray holes smaller in proportion and this could be done only up to a certain
limit. The reduction of the size of the spray holes often caused them to become
blocked and in consequence of their great number the very small holes constantly
caused difficulties.
The ejection jets were in such arrangements-directed either against platos or
against each other for the purpose of producing spray.
The object of the present invention is to use only one comparatively strong and
compact water jet, and to divido or disintegrate it into a water cone or water cloud by
means of suitable mechanism.
Before the description of the different parts is entered upon it might may be pointed
out that it is essential in all apparatus for water disintegration to cause the spreading
to start from the middle of the jet, and thus first form a water cone or a cone shaped
sheet of water, that is, to let the dividing and the spreading of the water be effected
from the middle of the jet evenly to all sides. The water cloud thus formed is after-
wards, according to requirements, broken or formed into spray by striking surfaces
placed in a position to produce that such effect.
It is evident that such apparatus may be considerably simplified both as to construction
and use, when only one comparatively strong water jet is used.
The cup shaped ventilator represented in figures 1, 1 and 2 either draws in the air
and conducts it upwards (figure 1) or distributes it, purified and moistened, from the
centre evenly in the room, (figures 1 and 2). The formation of a horizontal water
sheet is effected by a shoulder under the spreading cone which is placed in the line of
the water jet. As shown in figures 5-11, not only a different degree of disintegration
but also any desired direction of the water or finely divided water particles may be
obtained by different forms of the point of the cone and different ways of arranging
the shoulders on the cone or underneath it. In figure 10 an arrangement is represented
by which the water cone is broken or deflected at different points, while in figure 11
the water cone is led off evenly by one surface, but the varying lengths of the deflecting
surface gives give to the water different directions and different speeds.
Figures 3 and 4 represent an arrangement which is specially applicable for
factories etcetera.
In many cases, such as in spinning and weaving mills for instance, it is of great
importance to obtain pure and moist air; the air must have a certain degree of
moisture without causing any kind of deposit on the floor or on the machines in the
room. For this purpose the water disintegrating arrangement is surrounded by a cup
of any suitable form by which those particles of water which are not divided finely
enough are retained. Figure 3 shows an apparatus which does service as a ventilator
and air moistener at the same time.
The water issuing from the jet tube a is divided or spread by the cone b and directed
side ways by the shoulder above or at the base of the cone. The larger water
particles are retained by the cup d within the enclosed space and are conducted down-
wards into the chamfer e where whence they are led away. The chamber e has
openings for the passage of air. If desired the water which is caught by the sides
of the cup may be led away directly from the cup, and in this case the cup has a
central opening for the entrance of the air. Figure 4 represents an apparatus
which acts exclusively as an air moistener. By this arrangement the water particles
directed sideways are beaten back in a direction opposite to the deflected current, and
in this way the highest degree of disintegration is attained. The disintegration is
produced, in this case for example, by placing a ring f in a suitable position fitted
with flat or bent plates y at intervals.
The apparatus represented in the figures 3 and 4 can be used without any casing in
an open space or room etcetera or in a shaft or tube, such as a heating chamber; in
the latter case it is of no importance whether the current of air is be produced by the
apparatus itself, or by a special spray apparatus, or by the admission of a jet of steam
or by differences in the temperature.
.
Figure 12 is a combination of two spray apparatus.

page_text: It is very advantageous if to such apparatuses, which serve at the same time as
ventilators and air moisteners, a ring such as shown in Figure 4 is used for the socond
disintegration. In other cases Otherwise, the second disintegration only serves to
increase the speed of the air.
In figure 14 a U shaped apparatus is represented in which the water cone or water
sheet is not subjected to any deflection at all; a water spray apparatus is placed in
each of the two shafts of the ventilator with the object of either drawing in fresh or
discharging foul air. The spray water is led off below.
In this apparatus also the water particles may be again finely disintegrated by the
introduction of suitably constructed deflecting surfaces ou any part of the water
cone i.e. placed in the path of the deflected" water jet similar to the construction
represented in figure 4.
Figure 15 shows a ring h placed inside the tube. It is made in such a form that
the water cone or the water cloud is guided gradually in the direction of the tube and
has for its object to reduce the noise caused by the striking of the water particles
against the sides of the tube.
I
Figures 16 and 17 show the introduction of a short pipe. This short pipe k has a
smaller diameter than the outside pipe, so that the air circulates freely between the two
pipes. The lower part of the inserted pipe is shaped in the same way as the ring / in
figure 15, and for the same purpose.
This arrangement allows a quicker and greater current of air, as here the air is not
only led away by the flowing water jet, but is also cooled and carried away through
the double pipe by the water spray.
Figure 18 represents the arrangement of a simple water disintegrating apparatus.
It consists in a T shaped pipe provided at its top part with a screw m, while below
a piece n with female thread formed in it carries the aru o for holding the spray
cone p. The mouth piece with the opening for the water jet is screwed into the
piece n in such a manner that it may be removed for cleaning purposes. The water
supply tuber is provided with side openings and may be when required removed after
the closing caps has been unscrewed. The admission of the water may be direct, if
desired, that is to say in the direction of the spray jet.
The spray cone p can be turned in the nut t so that the distance between its apex
and the jet opening may be varied at pleasure. In order to interfere as little as
possible with the water cone, the arm or holder o is shaped like a knife blade on the
side which is turned towards the jet; so that at this place a cutting takes place and
all spraying is as much as possible prevented.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1st. The use of only one comparatively strong water jet, which is dispersed in all
directions by a cone placed opposite it; the conical water surface thus produced enn
be being used in air ventilating and moistening apparatus, for the purpose of avoiding
as much as possible the irregularities of in the working of the apparatus, arising from
an obstruction in the jot opening.
2nd. The use of only one comparatively strong water jet divided in the manner set
forth in claim 1, and the application of projections or shoulders at the base of the
disintegrating or dispersing cone or below this beyond that base for the purpose of
altering the direction of the spray or water; in such a manner as to render possible
the construction employment of flat or bowl shaped apparatus wherein a further
pulverisation of the deflected water sheets is-produced-or not may be effected by means
of stop surfaces inserted in the path of the water spray.
3rd. The insertion of the stop-surfaces-in-the path of water sheets in apparatus
provided-with dispersing contrivances producing a conient, flat or any other form of
water sheet, these-stop-surfaces being disposed in such a manner that the water sheet
shall be once more pulverized; either wholly or partly and transformed-inte-n-minutely
divided-spray.

page_text: 4th. 3rd. The application in the water jet dispersing contrivance shown in figure 3
of a cup with borders or sides partly turned up and partly open for the purpose of
retaining those particles of water which have not been divided finely enough.
5th: 4. The combination of two water-jet dispersing apparatus appliances working
opposite to each other in such a manner that either or both is or are employed to
carry along the air, or that one allows a further division through the insertion of
stop surfaces in the water sheets, or that this a further division be is caused by the
parting of the water cones themselves.
6th 5th. The application of a water dispersing contrivance which can be easily
placed in a bent pipe-(figure-14) or in a pipe provided with rings of parabolic form
adapted to the side of the pipe (Figure 15); or again, as represented in figure 15, or
in a pipe provided partly with double walls, as represented in figure 16 and; the
apparatus being used either to exhaust vitiated air from or to supply fresh moistened
air to, a room, substantially as herem described. The latter apparatus consists only
in the combination of one comparatively large water opening for the water exit with
a-eone placed opposite-to-this opening, so that-a-dispersion-of-the-water jet takes
plaee-in-all directions and regularly the distance of this cone to the water exit can
he varied and the nozzle removed from the inside of the pipe, so that it can be more
easily taken out and cleaned.
Dated this 28th day of June 1887