Improvements in the Prevention of the Pollution of Rivers and Watercourses from Manufacturers' Polluted Waters and Waste, and for Cleaning and Purifying Ordinary River Waters for the Use of Manufacturers in their Business, and for the Recovery of Expensive Materials Used in Certain Trades, as in Paper Mills, Dye Works, and others
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 7th June, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 14th Feb, 1889
Complete Specification Accepted 16th Mar, 1889
Improvements in the Prevention of the Pollution of Rivers and
Watercourses from Manufacturers' Polluted Waters and Waste,
and for Cleaning and Purifying Ordinary River Waters for the
Use of Manufacturers in their Business, and for the Recovery
of Expensive Materials Used in Certain Trades, as in Paper
Mills, Dye Works, and others
I, WILLIAM EDWARDS, of 31 Rignold Road, Camberwell, London, Paper Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
-
I build a tank of any shape and any required dimensions to suit special purposes
and the local requirements of manufacturers
This tank may be built in brick, stone or iron
I divide the tank crosswise into compartments in number and size according to the
quantity of polluted water to be dealt with
At the front end of each compartment I add on a sub-compartment of lesser
height
I provide each compartment with a perforated false bottom and the space below
this false bottom I make to communicate with the sub-compartment and in the passage
from the one to the other I provide a gate for the purpose of regulating the flow of
liquid into the sub-compartment
I also provide passages fitted with gates from one sub-compartment to another so
that any or all of them may be connected to one main sub-compartment from which
liquid can be ejected
Upon the top of the perforated false bottom of each compartment I place filtering
materials
For one of my filtering materials I use well burnt coke reduced to small proportions
and freed from gas tar and earthy matters For another material I use well washed
river sand, or if not to be obtained in certain localities I substitute pit sand, washed and
freed from clay and other earthy matters and further I use peat or moss litter-I
cover these materials with closely woven cocoanut matting to receive the foul water
and to prevent as much as possible the fouling of the filtering material

page_text: I use all or any or either of these materials as may be found to be the best suited
for the purpose of any special manufactory and the density or quantity of the polluted
water and waste to be dealt with
In some cases as in dye works or chemical works it may be found to be necessary
to refilter the polluted water when similar arrangements can be added for that
purpose
The foul water to be filtered is run on to the top of the filter bed and the bed is
kept covered by some depth of liquid
To be enabled to draw off filtered water from each sub-compartment I introduce
into it one limb of a syphon to which I attach a steam jet ejector by which I am
enabled to obtain any required vacuum in the sub-compartment and below the
filter bed
Such vacuum if found to be more than required for perfect filtration can be regu-
lated by means of a small tap in each compartment to admit a portion of air when
necessary
I propose to divide the tank into a sufficient number of compartments that while
some of such compartments may be in operation, others of them may be out of use
when requiring renewal of filtering materials, or cleansing or repairing alterations
or amendments
Or part of such compartments may be used for cleansing polluted water and waste
and others of them may at the same time be used for cleansing and purifying ordinary
river water for the use of manufacturers where in their business clean water is required
And also for the recovery of expensive materials used in certain trades as in paper
mills, dye works, and others, this material being in most cases discharged with the
polluted water into the rivers
I propose that each compartment shall be separate and distinct from other com-
partments so that all or any of them may be in operation at the same time, and that
each compartment shall be connected at the front to its own sub-compartment for the
more convenient regulation of the gates for the admission of filtered water to the sub-
compartments
In cases where considerable quantities of foul water and waste have to be dealt
with, a number of, or all such compartments can be made to discharge their contents
of purified water into one or more of such sub-compartments by means of the gates
and passages from the sub-compartments, so as to avoid the necessity of keeping all
such sub-compartments in operation at the same time
Further By superseding the use of steam, steam pipes, and steam ejectors, and
adding when found to be necessary additional syphon pipes, the whole apparatus can
be made perfectly self acting and totally inexpensive, as in this case no vacuum will
be required
This arrangement is particularly applicable where the manufactory is without steam,
or where its application to the steam ejector system would be inconvenient or other-
wise interfere with their steam power in daily use
Dated this 7th day of Inno 1888

page_text: Improvements in the Prevention of the Pollution of Rivers and
Water-courses from Manufacturers' Polluted Waters and Waste,
and for Cleaning and Purifying Ordinary River Waters for the
Use of Manufacturers in their Business, and for the Recovery
of Expensive Materials Used in Certain Trades, as in Paper
Use of actors
of Expensive Materials Used in Certain Trades, as in Paper
Mills, Dye works, and others
L, WILLIAM EDWARDS, of 31 Rignold Road, Camberwell, London, Paper Makei,
do hereby decl ire the nature of this invention ind in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and as ertained in and by the following
statement
-
I build a tank of any shape and any required dimen-ions to suit special purposes
and the local requirements of manufacturers
This tank may be built in brick, stone or iron
I divide the tank crosswise into compartments in number and size according to
the quantity of polluted water to be dealt with
At the front end of each compartment I add on a sub-compartment of lesser
height
I provide each compartment with a perforated false bottom and the space below
this false bottom I make to communicate with the sub-compartment and in the
passage from the one to the other I provide a gate for the purpose of regulating
the flow of liquid into the sub-compartment
I also provide passages fitted with gates from one sub-compartment to another so
that any or all of them may be connected to one main sub-compartment from which
liquid can be ejected
Upon the top of the perforated false bottom of each compartment I place filtering
materials
For one of my filtering materials I use well burnt coke reduced to small propor-
For another material I uso well
tions and freed from gas tar and earthy matters
washed river sind, or if not to be obtained in cert un localities I substitute pit sind,
washed and freed from clay and other earthy mitters and further I use peit or
moss litter-I cover these materials with closely woven coconut matting to receive
the foul water and to prevent as much as possible the fouling of the filtering
material
I use all or any or either of these miterials as may be found to be the best suited
for the purpose of any special manufactory and the density or quantity of the polluted
water and waste to be dealt with
In some cases as in dye works or chemical works it may be found to be necessary
to refilter the polluted witer when similar arrangements can be added for that
nurnosA

page_text: The foul water to be filtered is run on to the top of the filter bed and the bed is
kept covered by some depth of liquid
To be enabled to draw off filtered water from each sub-compartment I introduce
into it one limb of a syphon to which I attach a steam jet ejector by which I am
enabled to obtain any required vacuum in the sub-compartment and below the
filter bed
Such vacuum if found to be more than required for perfect filtration can be
regulated by means of a small tap in each compartment to admit a portion of air
when necessary
I propose to divide the tank into a sufficient number of compartments that while
some of such compartments may be in operation, others of them may be out of use
when requiring renewal of filtering materials, or cleansing or repairing alterations
or amendments
Or part of such compartments may be used for cleansing polluted water and
waste and others of them may at the same time be used for cleansing and purifying
ordinary river water for the use of manufacturers where in their business clean water
is required And also for the recovery of expensive materials used in certain trades
as in paper mills, dye works, and others, this material being in most cases discharged
with the polluted witer into the rivers
I propose that each compartment shall be separate and distinct from other com-
partiments so that all or any of them may be in operation at the same time, and
that each compartment shall be connected at the front to its own sub-compartment
for the more convenient regulation of the gates for the admission of filtered water
to the sub-compartments
In cases where considerable quantities of foul water and waste have to be dealt
with, a number of, or all such compartments can be made to discharge their contents
of purified water into one or more of such sub-compartments by means of the gates
and passages from the sub-compartments, so as to avoid the necessity of keeping all
such sub-compartments in operation at the same time
Further By superseding the use of steam, steam pipes, and steam ejectors and
adding when found to be necessary additional syphon pipes, the whole apparatus can
be made perfectly self acting and totally inexpensive, as in this case no vacuum will
be required
This arrangement is particularly applicable where the manufactory is without steam,
or where its application to the steam ejector system would be inconvenient or other
wise interfere with their steam power in daily use
In order that my said invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a front elevation of apparatus arranged for carrying out my invention
Figure 2 is a section taken on the line 2, 2, in Figure 1
a a are the outer walls of the tank and a¹ is a cross wall by which the tank is
divided into two compartments
In practice the cross walls and compartments will generally be more numerous
a² a³ are perforated false bottoms provided to the compartments bb are the sub-
compartments, one for each compartment and communicating with it by a passage c
The drawing also shows auxiliary sub-compartments 6' 6' at either end In each
passage c there is a gate d which can be closed water tight The sub-compartments
or some of them may also communicate by passages e e provided with gates ff The
gates can be opened and closed from the outside by means of hand wheels and screws
99 hh is the filtering material rostang on the false bottoms a³ a³ and 2 1 1s cocoa-
nut matting with which the filtering material is covered kk are syphon pipes by
which the filtered water is drawn off from the sub-compartments 6 6 11 are
ejectors by which the water 14 propelled through the pipes & to the outlet
Sunplwinger stoom to the avat
m
is a pipe

page_text: In some cases a fall will be available which will render it unnecessary to apply
ejectors upon the syphon
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
-
The means and apparatus substantially as described for the prevention of the
pollution of rivers and water courses by manufacturers polluted waters and waste and
for cleansing and purifying ordinary river waters for the use of manufacturers in their
business and for the recovery of expensive materials used in certain trades
Thated them 14th L
1000