Improvements in Apparatus for Generating Gaseous Fluid Pressure for use in Motors.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Oct., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 28th June, 1900-Accepted, 1st Sept., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Generating Gaseous Fluid Pressure
for use in Motors.
I, WILLIAM JOHN CRUYT, of 80, Chaussee de Voleurġat, Brussels, in the
Kingdom of Belgium, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:
The accumulator for mixed fluid under pressure composed of explosion gases,
explosive mixtures and of steam serving to lower the temperature thereof,
which forms the object of this invention, is distinguished by the particular
manner in which the steam is formed by the injection of water in the condition
of spray into the midst of the hot gases, which converts it into super-
heated steam, forming with the gases a homogeneous mixture, all the more
perfect as the injection of the water is effected more simultaneously with the
deflagration in the greatest possible proximity thereto.
An example of an accumulator combining these conditions and which may
be constructed either in vertical inclined or horizontal form is illustrated in
the accompanying drawing.
The accumulator consists of the explosive mixture compressor a communicat-
ing with the mixed fluid receiver by an intermediate combustion chamber c
formed in the cover which joins the compressor and the receiver, and in which
are also formed perpendicularly to the combustion chamber, the smaller
chambers e and f the one containing (e) a suitable mixture and the other (f)
an igniter (either incandescent or, as in the present instance, electric) with
which whole arrangement a water spray injector is combined for the purpose
mentioned, and so as to act as a discharge valve for the combustion chamber c
which it completely covers, having as its seat the shoulder formed by its lower
extension g so that the discharge of the deflagration gases is effected at the
very moment of their production, at the entrance of the chamber g, that is to
say at the same point where the injection of the sprayed water into the receiver b
takes place.
The spraying of the water is effected through the construction of the valve h
which is in the form of a special kind of rose, in this sense, that it is composed
of two plates which rest against each other by their slightly flanged edges, and.
are joined together by small bolts or screws, in such a way as to leave a free
space between them of a quasi capillary kind, whence the water under pressure
is discharged in the form of a spray through a large number of perforations
formed in the lower plate.
As the water supply of this capillary space should by preference be effected
through the centre of the upper plate of the valve h, it is carried out in the
present instance by means of the hollow rod i passing into the axis of the com-
presser a the piston of which is guided by a stuffing box / (for the purpose
of preventing any escape of gas) on the hollow rod i which is itself guided at
the top in the cover m of the head of the cylinder a and where it is surrounded

page_text: by a spiral spring n being supported besides by the rim o of the rod and
serving to keep the discharge valve h normally against its seating, from which
it can be separated only by a pressure greater than that of the compression of
the explosive mixture which the spring n slightly dominates.
Into the spraying valve thus arranged, the water is injected through the
medium of a pump 2 connected with the hollow rod i by the pressure tube
rendered elastic by means of a few coils. which enable it to follow as required
the motion of the rod i under the action of the discharge of the gases. The
pump draws the water of injection from a reservoir r, which receives by
means of a suitable pipe arrangement always acting the cooling water from
the casings of the compressor a so that the water already heated before its
entry into the pump continues to increase its temperature until issuing from
the valve h that is to say upon contact with the deflagration gases, which
convert it into superheated steam.
In order that the injection of the water may be effected simultaneously with
the deflagration of the gases, that is to say, at the very moment of their dis-
charge, and when they are at their highest temperature the rod t of the pump
piston is connected with an eccentric on the shaft which carries the crank
disc which, by means of the rod v actuates the compressing piston k by
its engagement with a pinion of the fly-wheel w, of a motor of any kind, so
that the pressure on the piston of the pump 22 determining the injection of the
sprayed water acts always at the moment when the piston k is at the dead
point, that is to say at the moment of the deflagration which determines the
discharges of the hot gases in the receiver b..
The receiver b which consists of a steel cylinder surrounded by a non-
conductor may be furnished in the interior with perforated cups or basins y
fixed at intervals on an axial rod and serving to collect and vaporise, in con-
sequence of the high temperature obtained from the gases surrounding them,
the particles of water passing eventually into the receiver without having been
vaporised immediately at the entrance. On the exterior, the receiver is furnished
with a tap z for the mixed fluid, the safety valve 1 and the manometer 2 also
a discharge cock 3.
Assuming the crank disc w to be actuated by the fly-wheel w, it will be seen
that the piston kin ascending, draws up the explosive mixture by means of
the mixer e whilst at the same time the pump p draws up the water of injection
while the valve h remains in the position of rest held to its seating by the
spring n. In descending, the piston k compresses the explosive mixture in the
chamber c without however affecting the valve h, since this degree of com-
pression does not exceed the power of the spring n, but in determining the
deflagration by the igniter f, at the moment when the piston is at the dead
point, the piston cannot be raised in spite of the high pressure created by the
formation of the combustion gases the whole body of which extends into the
receiver forcing the valve h from its seating to an extent sufficient to
allow of the passage of the gas, a movement in which, however, the valve
is limited by a stop or abutment 4 for example. At the moment when the
valve is opened, the pressure of the piston & acts on the water drawn up by the
pump which injects it, in its spray form, at the moment of the passage of the
gases forming within the mixed fluid serving to supply any kind of expansion
motor with the fly-wheel wc actuating the compressor and the pump.
Dated this 14th day of Antalian 1900

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Generating Gaseous Fluid Pressure
for use in Motors.
I, WILLIAM JOHN CRUYT, of 80, Chaussee de Voleurgat, Brussels, in the
Kingdom of Belgium, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:
The accumulator for mixed fluid under pressure composed of explosion gases,
explosive mixtures, and of steam serving to lower the temperature thereof,
which forms the object of this invention, is distinguished by the particular
manner in which the steam is formed by the injection of water in the condition
of spray into the midst of the hot gases, which converts the water into super-
heated steam, forming with the gases a homogeneous mixture, all the more
perfect as the injection of the water is effected more simultaneously, with the
deflagration in the greatest possible proximity thereto.
An example of an accumulator combining these conditions and which may
be constructed either in vertical inclined or horizontal form is illustrated in
the drawing accompanying the Provisional Specification.
The accumulator consists of the explosive mixture compresser a communicat-
ing with the mixed fluid receiver b by an intermediate combustion chamber c
formed in the cover d which joins the compressor and the receiver, and in which
are also formed perpendicularly to the combustion chamber, the smaller
chambers e and f the one containing (e) a suitable mixture and the other (f)
an igniter (either incandescent or, as in the present instance, electric) with
which whole arrangement a water spray injector is combined for the purpose
mentioned, and so as to act as a discharge valve for the combustion chamber c
which it completely covers, having as its seat the shoulder formed by its lower
extension 9 so that the discharge of the deflagration gases is effected at the
very moment of their production, at the entrance of the chamber g, that is to
say at the same point where the injection of the sprayed water into the receiver b
takes place.
The spraying of the water is effected through the construction of the valve h
which as shown in section in the drawing filed with this Complete Specification
is in the form of a special kind of rose, in this sense, that it is composed
of two plates which rest against each other by their slightly flanged edges, and
are joined together by small bolts or screws, in such a way as to leave a free
space between them of a quasi capillary kind, whence the water under pressure
is discharged in the form of a spray through a large number of perforations
formed in the lower plate.
As the water supply of this capillary space should by preference be effected
through the centre of the upper plate of the valve h, it is carried out in the
present instance by means of the hollow rod i passing into the axis of the com-
presser a, the piston k of which is guided by a stuffing box (for the purpose
of preventing any escape of gas) on the hollow rod i which is itself guided at
the top in the cover m of the head of the cylinder a and where it is surrounded
by a spiral spring n being supported besides by the rim of the rod and
serving to keep the discharge valve h normally against its seating, from which
it can be separated only by a pressure greater than that of the compression of
the explosive mixture which the spring slightly dominates.
Into the spraying valve thus arranged, the water is injected through the
medium of a pump connected with the hollow rod i by the pressure tube q

page_text: rendered elastic by means of a few coils which enable it to follow as required
the motion of the rod i under the action of the discharge of the gases. The
pump draws the water of injection from a reservoir r, which receives, by
means of a suitable pipe arrangement always acting, the cooling water from
the casings of the compresser so that the water already heated before its
entry into the pump continues to increase its temperature until it issues from
the valve h, that is to say upon contact with the deflagration gases, which
convert it into superheated steam.
In order that the injection of the water may be effected simultaneously with
the deflagration of the gases, that is to say, at the very moment of their dis-
charge, and when they are at their highest temperature the rod t of the pump
piston is connected with an eccentric on the shaft which carries the crank
dise which, by means of the rod, actuates the compressing piston k by
its engagement with a pinion of the fly-wheel w, of a motor of any kind, so
that the pressure on the piston of the pump ? determining the injection of the
sprayed water acts always at the moment when the piston is at the dead
point, that is to say at the moment of the deflagration which determines the
discharges of the hot gases in the receiver b.
The receiver which consists of a steel cylinder surrounded by a non-
conductor may be furnished in the interior with perforated cups or basins y
fixed at intervals on an axial rod and serving to collect and vaporise, in con-
sequence of the high temperature obtained from the gases surrounding them,
the particles of water passing eventually into the receiver without having been
vaporised immediately at the entrance. On the exterior, the receiver is furnished
with a tap for the mixed fluid, the safety valve 1 and the manometer 2 also
a. discharge cock 3.
Assuming the crank disc u to be actuated by the fly-wheel w, it will be seen
that the piston k in ascending, draws up the explosive mixture by means of
the mixer e whilst at the same time the pump p draws up the water of injection
while the valve remains in the position of rest held to its seating by the
spring n. In descending, the piston k compresses the explosive mixture in the
chamber e without however affecting the valve h, since this degree of com-
pression does not exceed the power of the spring n, but in determining the
deflagration by the igniter f, at the moment when the piston is at the dead
point, the piston cannot be raised in spite of the high pressure created by the
formation of the combustion gases, the whole body of which extends into the
receiver forcing the valve h from its seating to an extent sufficient to
allow of the passage of the gas, a movement in which, however, the valve
is limited by a stop or abutment 4 for example. At the moment when the
valve is opened, the pressure of the piston k acts on the water drawn up by the
pump and injects the water in its spray form, at the moment of the passage
of the gases which form with the water the mixed fluid serving to supply any
kind of expansion motor, the fly-wheel w actuating the compressor and the
pump.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. An accumulator for mixed fluid under pressure in which water in the
form of a spray is introduced into a common receiver simultaneously with and
in immediate proximity to the point of admission of the deflagration gases of
explosive mixtures, converting the water into superheated steam by contact with
the gases, the temperature of the final homogeneous mixture being reduced,
substantially as described.
2. A form of accumulator of the kind indicated, in which the discharge
valve (4) for the deflagration gases also acts as a spray injector for the water
which is introduced into the hollow tube (), the valve (h) opening by the pres-

page_text: sure or stroke of a pump (p) effected at the very moment of deflagration of the
gases through the medium of the shaft which simultaneously actuates the
piston (k) of the compressor (a) under the action of the fly-wheel (c) or its
equivalent, of a suitable motor substantially as described.
Dated this 27th day of June 1900.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of G, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.