and pressing machine
Year: 1897

page_text: Improv
I, TOM PALMER, of Haymount Street Brick Works, Dolly Lane, Leeds, in the
County of York, Brickmaker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention of improvements in brick making and pressing machinery, is
designed to enable a uniform elastic or yielding pressure to be given to the material
used in the formation of bricks during the operation of forming such bricks in a
mould, or, when subjecting bricks that have been previously made, to a final
pressing operation in a mould so as to allow in each case sufficient time for air to
escape from the material, under treatment and enable bricks of practically uniform
homogenity to be produced, whilst at the same time allowing of the spring
tables and india-rubber pads heretofore used as cushions to be dispensed with.
To this end there is secured to the frame or foundation of a brickmaking or
pressing machine, immediately opposite to the main ram of such machine, a
hydraulic cylinder of any desired internal diameter, fitted with a piston that is
free to move endwise therein and is provided on its underside with a cup or
U leather, and on its upper side with a ram that is of smaller diameter than the
piston, extends through the removable top or cover of the cylinder, and bears
against the underside of the bottom plate of the mould, which, as well as the
mould proper, may be mounted to slide on vertical guides secured to the base of
the cylinder or other suitable support.
In the lower end of the cylinder is an orifice connected by means of a supply
pipe to an accumulator that may be placed on the machine or in some convenient
position near thereto, and is so constructed and arranged as to supply fluid under
any desired pressure to the lower end of the cylinder so as to exert a constant but
yielding pressure on the lower side of the piston therein. The arrangement is
such that when the machine is at rest the piston is held against the top or cover of
the cylinder and the mould is held in its raised position by the ram carried by the
piston. When the main ram is descending and acting on the material or brick
in the mould, the mould is forced down against the smaller pressure of the piston
and ram until the bottom late of the mould comes in contact with the upper end
of the cylinder, or other suitable stop, the water in the cylinder then escaping from
the cylinder and on the return of the main ram, liquid re-enters the cylinder and
through the piston and the ram carried thereby, maintains the pressure on the
brick until the piston again comes in contact with the cylinder cover, which may
The in the form of a ring screwed into the cylinder.

page_text: The accumulator may be provided with a suitable force pump for supplying
liquid under the desired pressure to the accumulator and its connection, and for
making good any leakage of water that may take place.
Dated this 13th day of May 1897.
•
R. E. P. CRAVEN,
Registered Patent Agent,
22 Victoria Chambers, South Parade, Leeds, Agent for the Applicant.
14 GODIз шасцшегу.
I, TOM PALMER, of Haymount Street Brick Works, Dolly Lane, Leeds, in the
County of York, Brickmaker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention of improvements in brick making and pressing machinery, is
designed to enable a uniform elastic or yielding pressure to be given to the material
used in the formation of bricks during the operation of forming such bricks in a
mould, or, when subjecting bricks that have been previously made, to a final
pressing operation in a mouid so as to allow in each case suthcient time for air to
escape from the material under treatment and enable bricks of practically uniform
homogenity to be produced, whilst at the same time allowing of the spring
tables and india-rubber pads neretofore used as cushions to be dispensed with.
To this end there is secured to the frame or foundation of a brickmaking or
pressing machine, immediately opposite to the main ram of such machine, a
hydraulic cvlinder of any desired internal diameter, fitted with a piston that is
free to move endwise therein and is provided on its underside with a cup or
U leather, and on its upper side with a ram that is of smaller diameter than the
piston, extends through the removable top or cover of the cylinder, and bears
against the underside of the bottom plate of the mould, which, as well as the
mould proper, may be mounted to slide on vertical guides secured to the base of
the cylinder or other suitable support.
In the lower end of the cylinder is an orifice connected by means of a supply
pipe to an accumulator that may be placed on the machine or in some convenient
position near thereto, and is so constructed and arranged as to supply fluid under
any desired pressure to the lower end of the cylinder so as to exert a constant but
yielding pressure on the lower side of the piston therein. The arrangement is
such that when the machine is at rest the piston is held against the top cover of
the cylinder and the bottom plate of the mould is held in its raised position by the
ram carried by the piston. When the main ram is descending and acting on the
material or brick in the mould, the bottom plate of the mould is forced down
against the smaller pressure of the piston and ram until the bottom plate of
the mould comes in contact with the upper end of the cvlinder cover, or other
suitable stop, the water in the cylinder then escaping from the cylinder, and on
the return of the main ram, liquid re-enters the cylinder and, through the piston
and the ram carried thereby, maintains the pressure on the brick until the piston
again comes in contact with the cylinder cover, which may be in the form of a
ring screwed into the cylinder.
The accumulator may be provided with a suitable force pump for supplying

page_text: liquid under the desired pressure to the accumulator and its connection, and for
making good any leakage of water that may take place.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood I will now proceed to
more fully describe the same by the aid of the accompanying drawings in which
Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively a plan and an elevation partly in section showing
so much of a brick making and pressing machine as is necessary to illustrate my
invention. Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views hereinafter referred to. Fig. 5 is a
sectional view illustrating a modification of the cylinder ram and piston shown in
Fig. 2.
1 (Fig. 2) is the main ram of a brickmaking or pressing machine on the frame or
foundation 2 of which is secured a hydraulic cyunder 3; 4 is a ram furnished
with a piston 5 that can move endwise in the cylinder 3 and is provided with a
cup leather 6 held in position by plates 7 and screws 8; or the piston may be
furnished with a cup leather 9 secured in position by a plate 10 and bolt and nut
screw 11 as shown in Fig. 5. The cylinder 3 is provided with a removable cover 12
secured thereto by screws 13, or with a removable screw ring 14 (Fig. 5) which can
be screwed into the upper end of the cylinder 3 by means of a pin lever the pins of
which take into the recesses 15 in the said ring. The upper surface 16 of the
ram 4 acts against the lower surface 17 of the bottom plate 18 of the mould 19
between which and the main ram 1 the bricks are pressed.
The guides 20 on which the bottom plate 18 of the mould works or slides are
secured either to the frame or foundation 2 of the machine (Fig. 2), or are secured
to the plate 21 extending from the cylinder 3 (Fig. 5). The inlet 22 for admitting
fluid under pressure to the cylinder 3 is placed near the bottom thereof and the
valve inlet pipe 23 is secured in position by the screw 24 and is connected with
an accumulator shown diagrammatically at 23" so that the apparatus will work
in the manner herein before explained.
It will be obvious the cylinder, piston and ram, may if desired be reversed in
position.
Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are respectively a plan, a vertical section and a detail view
showing an arrangement of this kind. In this case the inverted ram 4 is furnished
with a bottom plate 25 to secure it to the foundation of the machine and on its
upper end is formed the piston 5 to which is secured a cup leather 9 by means of
a plate 10 and screws 11. The upper end of the piston is furnished with a central
portion 26 which projects somewhat above the outer flange of the cup leather and
serves as a stop to limit the downward movement of the cylinder 3, which in this
case is movable and becomes the ram. As in the previous example a U leather
may be used if desired, in lieu of a cup leather. The lower end of the cylinder 3
is provided with a cover plate 27, made in halves, the upper side of which takes
against the underside of the piston 4 when the machine is at rest. Fluid under
pressure is admitted to the cylinder 3, through passages 28 and 29 in the body of
the ram 3 and piston 4 the fluid inlet pipe 23 being secured in position by the
screw 24 and connected to an accumulator as before. The top surface 30 of the
cylinder 3 acts against the underside of the bottom plate 18 of a mould 19 such as
shown in Fig. 2. The cylinder works and acts substantially in the same manner
as the ram and piston of the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a brick making and pressing machine supporting the bottom plate of the
mould upon a ram that is held in contact with the said bottom plate of the mould
by hydraulic or other fluid pressure provided by an accumulator, the arrangement
being such that a constant but yielding pressure is exerted on the said bottom plate
of the mould, substantially as described and shown for the purpose set for:h."
2. Brickmaking and pressing machinery constructed arranged an operating
aubstantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and shown in Figs. 1 to

page_text: inclusive, or modified according to Fig. 5 or according to Figs. 6, 7 and 8 of the
accompanying drawings.
Doted this 28th July 1897
R. E. P. CRAVEN,
Registered Patent Agent,
22 Victoria Chambers, South Parade, Leeds, Agent for the Applicant.