Improvements in Rolled Iron and Steel Fences, Hurdles, and Palisades.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Apr., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 29th Jan., 1900-Accepted, 17th Mar.,
1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rolled Iron and Steel Fences, Hurdles,
and Palisades.
I, LEWIS MOTLEY, of Great George Street, Leeds, in the County of York,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
•
It has reference more particularly to that class of fencing which is formed
of light rolled sections, with a special view for export; but it applies neverthe-
less to fencing for home use under conditions where economy in transport has
to be specially considered.
The object of the invention is to introduce a system of building up a light
but strong fence of a yielding type such as adapts itself to inclinations in the
ground, with the following characteristics, riz.; (a) The design permits the fence
to be more or less entirely finished in the workshop; (b) the erected fence is easily
taken to pieces again; (c) packs in a minimum space; and (d) is readily fixed
in a pernianent manner, with little or no skilled labour and attention.
I accomplish my object as follows:-Preferably for the sake of keeping down
the weight of the fencing I use a channel; or equivalent section of bar, as such
produces the maximum strength with the minimum weight, and this section I
refer to in the following explanation.
The standards or posts I form of straight lengths provided with earth-plates,
preferably bolted on and therefore easily removable for export, the bars being
punched or pierced where required for the horizontal-bars."
In
The horizontal-bars are again made from straight lengths (unless a distinctly
curved bar is required) provided with ends bent to meet the standards.
preparing these I bend a bar at one end up, and at the other end down, to facilitate
the process of arranging and bundling when packing. These horizontal-bars
are punched or pierced or otherwise prepared at required intervals to receive
vertical pales, stakes, or the like.
When the standards have sufficient sectional strength I run the horizontal-
bar straight up to them on each side connecting them through the standard with
a bolted-up fish-plate" horizontally arranged. This plan of jointing through
the standard with a fish-plate" may also be used when the standard is lighter,
the slot for the "fish plate" being then arranged vertically, with the horizontal-
bars twisted half round to suit the connecting bolts then form centres on which
the horizontal-bars can adjust themselves to the requirements of the ground.
The vertical pales or spikes are again of channel form and to enable them to
be secured between the top and bottom horizontal bars I force, press, punch,
or bulge pieces of the bar out of line at special distances, so that when the pales
are put through the bottom horizontal-bars, and the top horizontal-bars are after-
wards placed over them (from overhead as it were) the said pales are securely held
in position and cannot be removed as long as the horizontal-bars are held in
place.

page_text: It will thus be seen that except for the use of bolts (or rivets) to secure the
horizontal-bars to the standards, and other bolts (or rivets) to secure the earth-
plates to the feet of the standards, all other fittings are carried out by piercing,
pressing, bulging or punching.
In some cases if it be wished to give extra security to the vertical pales, or
bars, they may receive an extra bulge or press on the outer sides of the horizontal-
bars, i.e. above the top horizontal-bar and below the bottom one, and these may
be given either by a hammer or preferably by a portable press prepared for the
purpose.
The lower horizontal-bar may with advantage have one or more additional
ground supports and these I preferably fix with bolts.
Although I have referred to a channel section of iron in my explanation it
must be understood that all sections of iron can be used in building up my
fence or palisade, such for instance as ordinary flat bars, convex bars, concave
bars, corrugated bars, girder sections, and angle iron; also in suitable positions,
round, tubular, and square sections may be further used.
Dated this 28th day of April 1899.
WM. SNOWDON,
Agent for the Applicant,
24, Basinghall Street, Leeds, Yorks.
Improvements in Rolled Iron and Steel Fences, Hurdles,
and Palisades.
I, LEWIS MOTLEY, of Great George Street, Leeds, in the County of York,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
It has reference more particularly to that class of fencing which is formed
of light rolled sections, with a special view for export; but it applies neverthe-
less to fencing for home use under conditions where economy in transport has
to be specially considered.
The object of the invention is to introduce a system of building up a light
but strong fence of a yielding type such as adapts itself to inclinations in the
ground, with the following characteristics; riz., (a) The design permits the fence
to be more or less entirely finished in the workshop; (b) the erected fence is easily
taken to pieces again; (c) packs in a minimum space; and (d) is readily fixed
in a permanent manner with little or no skilled labour and attention.
I accomplish my object as follows:-And in order to more fully explain my
meaning I have annexed a drawing showing various ways of building up a yielding
fence on my system. In all cases, for explanatory purposes, I show the ground
slanting, and add examples of standards and their joints, taking up different
slanting positions. Fig. 1 shows, in front elevation, a fence almost entire, broken
to save space only in the "horizontal" members (by this term I mean members
that would be horizontal were the ground level). Fig. 2 is simply an example
of a suitable section of rolled material. Figs. 3, 4, and 5, which are drawn broken
in their heights, are front elevations of standards, with their "horizontal'
members and joints, and the nearest vertical pales. In these figs. the lower right-
hand horizontal members are shown taking a downward slant as if following
the dotted line as the ground line. Fig. 6, which corresponds with Fig. 5, shows,
66
"
"

page_text: in cross section, a standard with its fishplate Joints uniting horizontal
angle iron members. Figs. 7, 8, 9. and 10 show specimens of pales with the
necessary stops in each case for butting up against the "horizontal" members
as hereinafter described, these are in sectional elevation. The same letters refer
to the same parts in all the figures.
Preferably, for the sake of keeping down the weight of the fencing, I use a
channel, or equivalent section of bar, as such produces the maximum strength
with the minimum weight, and this section, see Fig. 2 for an example, I refer to
in the following explanation.
The standards or posts, A, I form of straight lengths, provided with earth
plates which may be bolted on, and therefore easily removed for export; or
the posts may be passed through jaws or other openings in the earth-plates
in the well known manner. The posts are punched or pierced where required for
the "horizontal" bar-joints.
The "horizontal"-bars, B, are again made from straight lengths (unless a
distinctly curved bar be required) provided with ends bent to meet the standards,
as shown, for sinuous ground. In preparing these I bend a bar at one end up, and
the other down, to facilitate the process of bundling for transport. These "hori-
zontal" bars are punched or pierced or otherwise prepared, at required intervals,
to receive vertical pales, stakes or the like, such as are shown at C.
When the standards have sufficient sectional strength I run the "horizontal"
bars straight up to them on each side, connecting them through with a bolted-up
fish-plate, horizontally arranged, as shown in Fig. 3, at A
"
This plan of jointing through the standard with a fish-plate" may also be
used when the standard is lighter, the slot for the fish-plate" A being then
arranged vertically, with the "horizontal bars" twisted half round to suit, as
shown in Fig. 4, the connecting bolts then forming centres on which the "hori-
zontal-bars' can adjust themselves to the requirements of the ground.
Another combination of sections and joints that gives an excellent pliability
and wastes no room in packing is that shown in Figs. 5 and 6, where the
member B is an angle iron, jointed with vertical fish plates A', passed through a
suitable post A.
**
""
The vertical pales or spikes, C, are again of channel form, and, to enable them
to be secured between the top and bottom horizontal bars, I force, press, punch
or bulge pieces, D, D, of the bar out of line, at special distances, so that when
the pales are put through the bottom bars B, and the top bars B are placed over
them, (from overhead as it were) the said pales are securely held in position, and
cannot be removed so long as the bars B are held in place.
When a fence is being finally erected, and the pales have been passed through and
between the bars B (all this being done lying on the ground) the whole will be
found an awkward article to handle (since one of its virtues is the absence of
fixed joints). To meet this I advise the use of a temporary diagonal stretcher, or
two, of wood, so as to fix it somewhat in raising it into position. Once in position
the standards keep all in proper place. Instead of wooden stretchers, ropes may
be used; diagonally, and as ties. Again, for erecting purposes, rivets may be
passed through holes prepared for the purpose in the pales next the standards,
above and below the bars B, as shown at D2, see Fig. 1; and secured in this way,
the whole may easily be lifted into position, and made to take up the required
angle more correctly than with any semi-rigid diagonal bracing.
Various forms of the locking projections, or stops D, of the pales C, may be
used according to circumstances; Fig. 7 shows a pale with a projection punched
out, and made to stand forward to the right hand as shown; Fig. 8 shows a bar
sufficiently kinked out of line to form the necessary shoulder: Fig. 9 shows
shoulders pressed out sideways; whilst Fig. 10 has a boss or button punched
forward sufficiently far to form the required obstruction. This figure show the
button in contact with an angle iron bar B, and this combination makes it
difficult for anyone to tamper with, as the fringe of the angle iron acts protectingly.

page_text: It will thus be seen that except for the use of bolts (or the like) to secure the
"horizontal bars" to the standards, or to the "fish-plates" passing through them,
and others in the earthplates-possibly, all other fittings are carried out by
piercing, pressing, bulging, or punching.
In some cases it may be wished to give extra security to the vertical pales or
bars, and if so they may be given an extra bulge or press on the outer sides of
the bars B, that is above the top one and below the bottom one, and these may
be given either by a hammer, or preferably by a portable press prepared for the
purpose.
The lower bar B may with advantage have one or more additional ground
supports, and these I fix, preferably, by bolts, as shown at E in Fig. 1.
Although I have referred to a channel section in my explanations it must be
understood that all sections of iron can be used in building up my fence or
palisade, such for instance as ordinary flat bars, convex, concave, and corrugated
bars, girder sections, and angle irons; also, in suitable positions, round, tubular,
and square sections may be further used.
دو
It must be clearly understood that I give to all joints, in my fence, the requisite
amount of "play," or clearance to enable them to take up the positions that may
be forced on them by inclinations in the ground where finally erected; and that
all vertical lines will erect vertically, the so called "horizontal members alone
being effected with the ground line. From what I have previously described as
to modes of erecting, it must be understood a pair of standards are first placed in
the ground, and that the pales along with the bars B are then raised into position
as a second step.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The herein-before-described system of forming a yielding fence capable of
adapting itself to inclinations in the ground without upsetting the perpendicularity
of the vertical members, substantially as described and shown with the object and
for the purpose set forth.
2. In yielding fencing such as set out in Claim 1, the use of the special joints
of which examples are given in Figs. 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6, in combination with vertical
pales held and locked between "horizontal" members by stops, after the manner
exemplified in Figs. 7, 8, 9 and 10, substantially as described and shown, with
the object and for the purpose set forth.
3. In yielding fencing such as set out in Claim 1, the combination of a locked
pale whose locking buttons or stops are protected by the fringe of the horizontal
member, substantially as described and shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 10, with the
object and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 27th day of January 1900