IMPROVEMENTS IN HOT-AIR OVENS
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM VARLEY of Carleton, near Skipton in the County of York, Black-
smith do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN HOT-AIR
OVENS to be as follows:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in Hot-air Ovens, and has for its
object the accomplishment of the following advantage, viz: the currents of heated
air are so arranged as to ensure a more equal distribution of the same over the
external surface of the oven; Thus producing a more uniform temperature within
the oven. The processes of baking and roasting are thereby rendered more
effective and satisfactory than in the ordinary mode of heating.
I accomplish tho above advantage by the insertion of two flanges or mid-
feathers A and A' (sec figures 5, 6, and 7,), the currents of air passing up the sides
of the oven, upon reaching the upper surface, are deflected towards the front of the
same, afterwards passing along the centre, betwixt the mid-feathers A, A¹, before
making their exit. Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 illustrate the general arrangement of the
flues: Figure 1 is a sectional elevation at W, W, on Figure 3. Figure 2 is a
sectional elevation at V, V, on Figures 1, and 2. Figure 3 is a plan at X, X on
Figures 1 and 2. Figure 4 is a plan at Y, Y, on Figure 2. In the enlarged
sections, shewing the upper part of oven; Figures 5, 6, and 7, Figure 5 is a plan
at N, N, on Figure 6. Figure G is a section at L, L, on Figure 5. Figure 7 is a
section at M, M, on Figures 5 and 6. B is the body of oven constructed of sheet
iron. C is a scraper of wrought iron, to which are suspended chains D, D; the
whole being moved from back to front by rods E, E, passing through front-plate;
by which means soot accumulating on body of oven may be removed. S. is a pipe
carrying off superfluous vapour from the interior of oven.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare what
I claim is
The construction of hot-air ovens in which the mid-feathers A, A¹, so act in the
distribution of heat about the body of the oven with an equality unattained in
their absence; the whole being arranged in the manner described and as illustrated
by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this twenty ninth day of March 1984
:

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, WILLIAM VARLEY, of Carleton, near Skipton in the County of York, Black-
smith do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN HOT-AIR
OVENS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to certain improvements in hot-air ovens, and has for its
object the accomplishment of the following advantages; viz: (1) the currents of
heated air are so regulated and arranged as to ensure a much more equal distri-
bution of the same over and about the external surface of the oven body, thus
producing a more uniform temperature within the oven. The processes of baking,
roasting, and similar operations are thereby rendered much more effective and
satisfactory than in the ordinary mode of heating. (2) An economy of fuel is also
effected by using the above-mentioned invention. I accomplish the above-named
advantages by the insertion of two flanges or midfeathers A and A¹ (see Figures 5,
6, and 7,). The currents of heated air passing from the opening at the back of the
fire, first come in contact with the under surface of the oven body, become thereby
diffused, afterwards passing up each side of the oven body, and upon reaching its
upper surface, impinge upon the before-mentioned flanges or midfeathers, becoming
thereby diverted towards the front of the oven, and are thence permitted to pass
-over-the-centre-of-the-oven,_betwixt the said flanges_or_midfeathers_before_making
their final exit; a damper of the usual construction is inserted above the oven to
regulate or totally interrupt the draught of the flue. Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4,
illustrate the general arrangement of the flues. Figure 1 is a sectional clevation
at W, W, on Figure 3. Figure 2 is a sectional elevation at V, V, on Figures 1
and 3. Figure 3 is a plan at X, X, on Figures 1 and 2. Figure 4 is a plan
at Y, Y, on Figure 2. In the enlarged sections Figures 5, 6, and 7, showing the
upper part of the oven, Figure 5 is a plan at N, N, on Figure 6; Figure 6 is a
section at L, L, on Figure 5; Figure 7 is a section at M, M, on Figures 5 and 6.
A and A¹ are the flanges or midfeathers described above. B is the body of the
oven, constructed of sheet iron, and rivetted to a projecting flange on the front
plate of the oven, rendered air-tight by using the composition known as Scotch
Cement and linseed oil within the joint; the same composition being used in all
joints throughout the construction. C is a scraper of wrought iron, to which are
suspended chains D, D; the whole being moved from back to front by rods E, E,
passing through front plate of oven, by which means soot accumulating on the
body of oven may be removed. S is a pipe, carrying off superfluous vapour from
the interior of the oven.°
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is the construction of hot-air ovens, in which I insert the flanges or mid-
feathers A, and A¹, which so act in the distribution of heat over and about the
body of the oven as to ensure an equality of temperature within the same
unattained in their absence; the advantages derived being: firstly, that the various
cooking operations such as baking, roasting &c, are much more successfully
performed, and (secondly) that a considerable economy in fuel is also effected by
the use of the said invention; the whole being substantially arranged and
ascertained as described, and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.