Improvements in Machines for Bending or Bevilling Angle and other Metal Bars.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 27th July, 1886.
Complete Left, 27th Apr., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 24th June, 1887.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Bending or Bevilling Angle and
other Metal Bars.
We, ROBERT ELLIOT DAVIES, and JAMES PRIMROSE, both of Etna Iron Works,
Bangor Road, Leith, in the County of Edinburgh, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
In a previous provisional specification No. 7579 of 1886, we described a machine
by which LTL and other metal bars could be bevilled or bent to a different angle
to that originally given them by being passed between or over three rollers, whereof
two, at least, were adjustable. These three rollers were available either to shut or to
open the bars, but they were not designed for both purposes and hence to perform
both operations a double machine or two single machines were required. Now
according to our present invention we employ four rollers in place of three, and we so
arrange them that they are available both for shutting and opening bars; thus one
machine serves both purposes without any rearrangement of its elements. Two of the
rollers serve to grasp one of the limbs or members of the bars, while a third forces
over another limb or member to a different angle from that at which it originally
stood. The remaining roller serves as a support or guide for the angle or heel of the
bar. Each roller does not always fulfil the same office, however, and when the work
is changed from shutting to opening two of the rollers exchange operations, the one
which formerly supported the angle or heel of the bar now helping to grasp the bar
and one of the pair which formerly grasped the bar, now acting as a support for its
angle or heel. To aid the description we will designate these four rollers as the first,
second, third and fourth respectively. They are all except the bevilling roller of plain
forms, without rings, collars, shoulders or other variations of outline. The first and
fourth are mounted on parallel or converging axes, and are by preference conical in
form. One of them (the fourth) is driven by hand or power, while the other (the first)
which can be adjusted vertically may either be driven or run idly. The second roller
is conical and is mounted on a spindle which is vertical or nearly so and is adjustable
both vertically and horizontally. The third roller acts with its face or side against
the bar and with its edge or opposite side runs against the fourth roller. It is mounted

page_text: in a swivelling carriage which can be set to the required angle by a screw or circular
rack, and is provided with an index and divided scale having two sets of figures, one
for shutting and the other for opening. Feed and guide rollers are employed in the
machine, and and indicator to shew the progress of the bar as described in the
provisional specification referred to above. According to a modification the bar is
grasped between a cylindrical and a conical roller. The former is mounted on a
horizontal driven shaft, capable of vertical adjustment, and is made in two parts to
admit bars of L section. Over this horizontal roller there are mounted two conical
rollers on inclined axes, one of these conical rollers bearing on the bar when it is to
be shut, and the other when it is to be opened. The roller which for the time being
does not bear on the bar, forms a support or guide to its angle or heel exactly opposite
the point of application of the bevilling rollers. When sections are to be operated
on, both rollers will bear on the flanges. One or both of these rollers can be adjusted
both vertically and horizontally. The bevilling roller is carried in a swivelling frame
provided with bearings running in curved slots. It is adjusted by a screw which is
pivotted at one end to the frame, and at the other end passes through a bearing
capable of angular movement. A nut, made in the form of hand wheel serves to
operate the screw. The bar is fed into the machine by feed rollers which act on one
or more of its limbs or members. The lower feed roller is cylindrical is adjustable
vertically and is driven, while the upper roller or rollers is or are conical, and acted
upon by levers and weights or otherwise to obtain a firm grip. At the delivery end
of the machine there are also guide rollers but they need not be driven, but the lower
one is adjustable vertically. The bar is guided edgewise by adjustable rollers placed
as near to the main rollers as possible. "When it is of L section two of these rollers
are employed, and when of 1 section four are employed. We prefer to operate the
machine by steam power and to mount the motor upon it; so that it is self propelling
in either direction but the machine may be driven by shafting direct from a fixed
engine situated at some distance from the machine, or it may be driven by means of
belting from existing shafting where convenient.
3000
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for Applicants.

page_text: and other Metal Bars.
We, ROBERT ELLIOT DAVIS and JAMES PRIMROSE, both of Etna Iron Works,
Bangor Road, Leith, in the County of Edinburgh, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In a previous specification No. 7579 of 1886, we described a machine by
which Land other metal bars could be bevilled or bent to a different angle to
that originally given them by being passed between or over three rollers, wheroof
two, at least, were adjustable. These three rollers were available either to shut or to
open the bars, but they were not designed for both purposes and hence to perform
both operations a double machine or two single machines were required. Now
according to our present invention we employ four rollers in place of three, and we
so arrange them that they are available both for shutting and opening bars; thus one
machine serves both purposes without any rearrangement of its elements.
Two of the rollers serve to grasp one of the limbs or members of the bar, while a
third forces over another limb or member to a different angle from that at which it
originally stood. The remaining roller serves as a support or guide for the angle or
heel of the bar. Each roller does not always fulfil the same office, however, and when
the work is changed from shutting to opening two of the rollers exchange operations,
the one which formerly supported the angle or heel of the bar now helping to
grasp the bar and one of the pair which formerly grasped the bar, now acting as a
support for its angle or heel. To aid the description we will designate these four
rollers as the first, second, third and fourth respectively. They are all except the
bevilling roller of plain forms, without rings, collars, shoulders or other variations of
outline.
The first and fourth are mounted on parallel or converging axes, and are by
preference conical in form. One of them (the fourth)
driven by hand or power,
while the other (the first) which can be adjusted vertically may either be driven or
run idly. The second roller is conical and is mounted on a spindle which is vertical
or nearly so and is adjustable both vertically and horizontally.
The third roller acts with its face or side against the bar and with its edge or
opposite side runs against the fourth roller. It is mounted in a swivelling carriage
which can be set to the required angle by a screw or circular rack, and is provided
with an index and divided scale having figures. Feed and guide rollers are employed
in the machine, and an indicator to shew the progress of the bar as described in the
provisional specification referred to above. According to a modification the bar is
grasped between a cylindrical and a conical roller. The former is mounted on a
horizontal driven shaft, capable of vertical adjustment, and is made either in one or two
parts. Over this horizontal roller there are mounted two conical rollers on inclined
axes, one of these conical rollers bearing on the bar when it is to be shut and the

page_text: other when it is to be opened. The roller which for the time being does not bear on
the bar, forms a support or guide to its angle or heel exactly opposite the point of
application of the bevilling rollers. When ▼ sections are to be operated on, both
rollers may bear on the flanges. One or both of these rollers can be adjusted
both vertically and horizontally. The bevilling roller is carried in a swivelling frame
provided with bearings running in curved slots. It is adjusted by a screw which is
pivotted at one end to the frame, and at the other end passes through a bearing
capable of angular movement. A nut, made in the form of hand wheel serves to
operate the screw.
The bar is fed into the machine by feed rollers which act on one or more of its
limbs or members. The lower feed roller is cylindrical; it may be fixed or be
adjustable vertically and is driven, while the upper roller or rollers is or are conical,
and acted upon by levers and weights or otherwise to obtain a firm grip. At the
delivery end of the machine there are also guide rollers but they need not be driven
except when a capstan hereinafter referred to is used, but the lower one may be
adjustable vertically. The bar is guided edge wise by adjustable rollers placed as
near to the main rollers as possible. When it is of section two of these rollers are
employed, and when of I section four are employed. We prefer to operate the
machine by steam power and to mount the motor upon it; the arrangement may be
such that it is self propelling in either direction but the machine may be driven by
shafting direct from a fixed engine situated at some distance from the machine, or it
may be driven by means of belting from existing shafting where convenient.
Referring to the accompanying 12 sheets of drawings, Fig. 1 is a central vertical
section of a machine for bending or bevilling angle and other metal bars according to
our invention.
Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same.
Fig. 3 is an elevation shewing the delivery side.
Fig. 4 is a plan,
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the rollers in the act of acute- or shut-bevilling
an bar.
Fig. 6 is a diagram shewing the rollers in the act of obtuse- or open-bevilling a
bar of section.
Fig. 7 is a diagram shewing the roller in the act of acute- or shut-bevilling a bar
of section; Fig. 8 is an elevation of a slightly modified arrangement of the same
machine.
The machine contains four rollers marked respectively A, B, C and W; three of
these B, C, and W serve to grasp one of the limbs or members of the bar, while
the fourth is the bevilling roller. In bevilling L and L bars two only of the
rollers B, C, W, either C, W, or CB, are in use to grasp the bar, while the third
serves to support the heel or angle of the bar. The roller A can be adjusted to
different positions according to the amount of change of form to be imparted to
the bars.
The two rollers B and C are on shafts which are geared together, and are parallel
in the machine shewn in Figs. 1 to 7 and converging in the machine shown in Fig. 8.
These shafts 1 and 2 are connected by the wheels 3 and 4; the wheel 3 gears with
the pinion 5 on the countershaft 6 which carries a wheel 7 gearing into a pinion 8 on
the first motion shaft 9. This shaft is shewn as the crankshaft of a steam engine, but
it may be driven in any other convenient way. The rollers W and A run idly on
their shafts. The shaft 2 is adjustable vertically in order that the roller C may be
pressed against the bar below it. This adjustment is effected by means of the two
screws 10, 10, which take in the threaded holes in the bearings of the shaft 2. These
bearings are carried in slides. At the upper extremity of each screw 10, is a worm
wheel 11, gearing with a worm 12 on the hand wheel shaft '13. By turning this
shaft the screws can be rotated simultaneously. The shaft 14, of the roller W is also
adjustable both vertically and horizontally; it is mounted in a bridge 15 which
stretches across the machine. The extremities of the bridge are supported by screws
passing through the blocks 16, 16. On the upper ends of the screws are secured

page_text: worm wheels 17, 17, which can be rotated simultaneously by the worms 18 and hand
wheel 19. By means of the screws 46, 46, the bridge 15 can be moved horizontally;
these screws are rotated by worm wheels 47, 47 at their ends, gearing with wornis on
the hand wheel shaft 48.
The bevilling roller A is formed at its edge to run in contact with the edge of the
roller B at the point 20, and it can be moved about this point as a centre to bring it
into the position required to give the bar the desired angle.
To effect this adjustment the shaft of the roller A is mounted in a bearing carried
on the toothed quadrant 21. This quadrant has journals 22 moving in bearings in the
frames of the machine and guides 25 riding in slots 26. The two toothed quadrants 21
engage each with a pinion 27 on a shaft 28. This shaft carries a wheel 29 engaging
with a pinion 30 which is rotated by the hand wheel 31. From one quadrant thoro
projects an arm 32 connected by a link 33 to an index 34 and when the hand wheel 31
is rotated the index moves over the scale 35 to show the amount of adjustment given
to the roller A. A second scalo 36. indicates the length of bar which has passed
through the machine, and by aid of these two scales the workman can give different
angles to different parts of the bar as runs through the machine. The index of
the scale 36 is geared to the shaft 1 by the worm 37, the shaft 38, the bevil
wheels 39, 39, the shaft 40 and the bevil wheels 41.
The direction of passage of the bar through the machine is indicated by arrows
in Fig. 2, and is facilitated by the rollers 42, 42, and 43, 43. The upper roller 42 can
be raised by the lever 44 to admit the bars and can be fixed in any required position
by a pin entering a hole in the guidb 45. Three different methods of passing a har
through the machine are illustrated in Figs. 5 to 7, as already explained.
Figs. 9 to 17 illustrato a modified arrangement according to this invention.
Fig. 9 is a central section.
Fig. 10 is an end elevation.
Fig. 11 shews the position of the rollers when obtuse bevilling L sections.
Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the machine.
Fig. 13 is a plan.
Fig. 14 is a diagram shewing the arrangement of the rollers when operating on
sections.
Fig. 15 is a diagram shewing the arrangement of the rollers when acute-bevilling
sections.
Fig. 16 is a diagram shewing the arrangement of the rollers when acute-bevilling
☐ sections.
Fig. 17 is a diagram shewing the arrangemennt of the rollers when obtuse bevilling
☐ sections. A, B and C are the three rollers employed to hold and guide the bar ;
two of them grasp the bar Figs. 15 to 17 while the third guides its angle or heel,
except in the case of bars (Fig. 14) where all three rollers grasp the bar. The
lower roller B may be made in two parts to facilitate the bevilling of
bars (as
shewn in Fig. 15) or one narrow roller may be used for this purpose and be arranged
to move along its shaft to suit the section of bar operated on. It is crrried on a
horizontal shaft 50 which rotates in bearings (Fig. 9) that can be raised and lowered
by the screws 51, 51; these screws are operated by the worm wheels 52, 52,
worms 53, 53, upon the shaft 54, bevil gear 55, and hand, wheel 56. The shaft 50
is driven by the spur wheel 57 which receives its motion from the crank shaft 58
through the second motion shaft 59, and the gear wheels 60, 61 and 62.
The rollers A and C are not driven. The former is carried by a spindle 63
mounted in an adjustable bearing. This bearing is carried on a bridge or cross
frame 64 (Fig. 12), guided at each end, and provided with screws which adjust it both
vertically and horizontally. The vertical screws 65 pass through worm wheels 66
gearing with worms 67 on a shaft 68 which carries a hand wheel 69. The horizontal
adjustment is effected by the screws 70, 70 which are rotated by the worm wheels 71,
and worms 72. These latter are on the hand wheel shaft 73.
runs on an axis 74 in the cross-frame 75.
The roller

page_text: The bevilling roller is marked D. It is turned at its edge to a form which enables
it to bear well into the corner of the bar and at the same time to run in contact with
and obtain a bearing on the roller C. At its back it has a ring or disc E which runs
on the upper edge of the bar, when acute bevilling is being done, and prevents the
heel of the bar rising from the roller B as will be better seen from Fig. 16. If this
ring or disc be made in one with the roller it necessitates that there shall be a special
roller for each sizo of bar. It is therefore more convenient to make the disc E
separate from the roller D, and to change only the disc when a new size of bar
renders this necessary. The roller runs on a spindle 76 carried in a swivelling
frame 77. This frame has guide blocks 78 running in curved slots 79 in the side
frames, and can be adjusted through a range of about 50 degrees by the screw 80,
and internally threaded hand-wheel 81. According to the position of this roller D the
original angle of the bar is altered more or less, the amount of bevilling imparted to
it being shewn by the index 82 which is connected to the frame 77 by a link and runs
in a slot over which is a scale (Fig. 11). As already explained with reference to the
arrangement previously described the length of bar which has passed between the
rollers is shown by a scale and index 83. There are a pair of feed rollers 84 at each
side of the machine. The lower roller at the entering side is driven through spur
gearing from the shaft 50 by the wheels 85, 86 and 87. The wheel 86 is on a counter
shaft 87 on which are two bevil wheels 88 with a clutch 89 between them.
these wheels gear with a third bevil wheel 90 through which one of the axles of the
machine can be driven to propel it in either direction. The capstan 91 and the lower
delivery roller 84 are driven by a train of gearing in a similar manner to the lower
feed roller 84 although the necessary wheels are not shewn in drawing.
Both
The upper feed rollers 84 have their bearings on slides 93 which can be raised by
lever 94 when it is desired to introduce a bar between the rollers. The levers can be
set in any position by the quadrant 95 and pins.
Guide rollers 96 are fitted to support the bar in its progress through the machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim in
machines for bending or bevilling angle and other metal bars, is :—
1. The four rollers A, B, C and W, arranged as described with their axes in the
same vertical plane, substantially as set forth with reference to Figs. 1 to 8 and for
the purposes specified.
2. The four rollers A, B, C and D with their axes in the same vertical plane
arranged substantially as set forth with reference to Figs. 9 to 17 of the drawings,
and for the purposes specified.
3. Providing the bevilling roller D with a disc or parts such as E to run on the
edge of the bar being operated upon in the machine substantially as described.
4. We also claim our improved machines for bending or bevilling angle and other
metal bars constructed arranged and operating substantially as hereinabove described
with reference respectively to and illustrated in Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive, in Fig. 8, and
in Figs. 9 to 17 inclusive of the drawings.