Improvements in Water Tube Steam Generators.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Tube Steam Generators.
I, CHARLES MARTIN SHAW, of 6, Rawstorn Road, Colchester, in the County of
Essex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this type of water tube boiler are:-To reduce the risk of
priming by having the steam space almost free from water.
To reduce the possibility of the water tubes bending.
To employ vertical straight pipes all of the same dimensions so as to reduce
the necessity of having numerous spare tubes.
To facilitate repairs by having the tubes arranged into several groups, such
groups being easily removed.
To decrease the cost of manufacture, by expanding the vertical tubes into
long rectangular flat plates, a number of such plates being drilled together to
save time, and arranging the boiler so that all deposit will find its way into the
mud boxes by gravitation.
In order to accomplish these objects, the boiler may be composed of several
sections. Each section consists of a group of vertical tubes of small diameter,
preferably expanded at each end into long rectangular flat plates.
Each of these plates is bolted or studded to a long chamber of half round
section, so as to make a steam tight joint.
The said chambers are flanged all round so as to accommodate the bolts or
studs.
They are also deeper at the front end than they are at the back.
The top chamber of each section has a vertical pipe fixed to it as near the
front end as possible.
The top of the said pipe is flanged and bent towards the back of the boiler so
as to joint to a vertical flange fixed on the front and level with the axis of a
cylindrical steam receiver, placed immediately behind the said vertical pipe.
The axis of this receiver is horizontal and parallel to the front of the boiler.
The bottom chamber of each section has a short vertical pipe fixed to it under-
neath and as near the front end as possible.
The lower end of this pipe is flanged and bent towards the back of the boiler
so as to join on to a vertical flange cast on the front of a horizontal water pipe
placed immediately behind the said vertical pipe and just underneath the bottoin
chambers.
The axis of this water pipe is parallel to the front of the boiler.
Each section is supported on four rollers mounted in two brackets fixed to
an ahamhan

page_text: The front bracket is fixed immediately behind the vertical pipe which com-
municates with the receiver and the other bracket is fixed near the back end of
the top chamber.
The rollers bear on the lower flange of a small horizontal girder of I section,
placed at right angles to the front of the boiler and just above the top chambers.
The object of the rollers being to facilitate removal of the section for repairs
when necessary and also to allow for expansion and contraction of the same.
Between the bottom chambers of the sections are a number of pipes slightly
inclined and at right angles to the front. of the boiler.
The front ends of these pipes are connected by a T piece to the top of the
horizontal water pipe already mentioned.
The front opening of this T piece is provided with a screwed plug for cleaning
purposes..
The back ends of these pipes are connected by elbows to vertical pipes which
run up the back of the boiler to the level of the top chambers; they are there
connected by elbows to pipes which are slightly inclined and at right angles to
the front of the boiler.
The front. ends. of these pipes are connected to the bottom of the steam
receiver, the object being to drain the receiver of any water that finds its way
into it.
The pipes between the bottom chambers also protect the flanges of the cham-
bers from the fire.
The steam receiver is supported by the same small girders that support the
several sections.
The front ends of these small girders are just behind the vertical, pipes on
the top chambers and are fixed to the lower flange of a larger horizontal girder
of I section running parallel to the front of the boiler and placed just behind
the vertical pipes on the top chambers, so as to allow of the sections being drawn
forward when removed.
The back ends of the small girders are supported by a horizontal angle iron
placed at the extreme back of the boiler and running parallel to the front.
This angle iron is riveted to the plate forming the back of the boiler and is
supported by two pillars of I section placed at each end.
These pillars are at the extreme right and left of the boiler.
Similar pillars are placed at the ends of the girder. which supports the front
ends of the small girders.
These pillars support the whole weight of that part of the boiler above the
furnace and are connected by plates and angles so as to form a rigid structure.
At the uptake side of the boiler is a pipe connected to the bottom of the
receiver at the top end, and with the horizontal water pipe at the lower end,
and is intended to drain the receiver.
The several sections are arranged side by side with the flanges of the top and
bottom chambers almost touching one another, a little space being left for
expansion.
They are also at right angles to the front of the boiler.
The horizontal water pipe is fixed at the uptake side of the boiler to one of
the pillars that support the larger horizontal girder.
The other end is free to slide, (when expanding or contracting), on a bracket
fixed to the pillar at the combustion chamber side of the boiler.
The pipe has connections for mud boxes at each end.
The furnace is underneath the sections and occupies the whole length and
breadth of the boiler, it is lined with firebrick at the sides and back.
The firebrick at the combustion chamber side is continued upwards and arched
over to meet the end section so as to form the combustion chamber.
The apex of the arch is level with the top of the vertical water tubes.
The products of combustion start from the furnace and take a horizontal
course parallel to the front of the boiler,

page_text: They then turn upwards into the combustion chamber.
From the combustion chamber they turn and take a horizontal course in the
opposite direction to that immediately preceeding, and pass between the small
vertical water tubes.
1
When they arrive at the opposite end they turn upwards into the uptake at
the back of the steam receiver and so away to the smoke stack.
No flames touch the receiver or the top chambers; such parts may be lagged
with some non-conducting substance..
Baffle plates are fitted inside the receiver over the mouths of the pipes fixed
to the front of it, so as to throw any water that comes over with the steam to
the bottom, such water will at once pass down the pipes previously mentioned;
for drainage.
Suitable doors are fitted to the front of the boiler so as to allow of the sec-
tions being removed; furnaces doors are also provided.
Dated this 24th day of July 1899.
Improv
I, CHARLES MARTIN SHAW, of 25, Clapham Road, London (formerly of 6, Raw-
storn Road, Colchester), in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do, hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in' what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
In the two accompanying sheets of drawings, similar figures and letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, is of a water tube steam generator constructed in accordance
with my invention with all the doors removed; and Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is a sectional
elevation through the line - looking from the right.
The boiler is made up of a number of sections (hereinafter alluded to as the
"elements"). Each element consists of a series of vertical tubes' preferably of
small diameter expanded at each end into the flat rectangular plates A. These
plates are bolted or studded to the chambers of half. round section B.so as to
make a tight joint. The chambers are flanged all round and are preferably
made from steel plate pressed into shape. They are deeper at the front end
than they are at the back.
At the front end of the top chamber of each element is fixed. preferably by a
flange and rivets a cast steel or malleable cast iron pipe C. The top of this pipe
is bent towards the back of the boiler and is jointed (preferably by a flange and
studs) to a flange rivetted on to the steam receiver D.
At the front end of the bottom chamber of each element is fixed (preferably
by a flange and rivets) a cast steel or malleable cast iron. pipe E. The lower
end of this pipe is jointed (preferably by a flange and studs) to the front of the
cast steel or malleable cast iron pipe F.
Between each element is a line of piping G connecting the bottom of the
steam receiver D to the top of the pipe F. The several pipes are connected
together by elbows H and tee (T) piece J. This tee piece is fitted with a
removable plug in the front for the purpose of inspecting the interior of the

page_text: pipe. The lower elbow at the back rests on the plate K and is free to slide when
the pipe expands or contracts. The top and bottom pipes are slightly inclined
as shown and the top elbow is connected to a flange rivetted on to the bottom
of the steam receiver. The object of this line of piping is to conduct any water
that gets into the receiver back into the elements again.
The steam receiver is cylindrical with dished ends. One end is detachable for
the purpose of getting at the interior. Plates L are fitted inside to deflect the
steam and water downwards. The receiver is supported by the girders N and
is fixed to them by brackets R.
To the top chamber of each element is fixed 3 brackets M fitted with rollers.
These rollers bear on the top of the lower flange of the girders N of I section
and so support the element. The object of the rollers is to facilitate the with-
drawal of the element and also to allow of it expanding and contracting.
The girders N are preferably rivetted at each end to the girders of I section O.
Plates P being interposed to stiffen the structure. The front edge of the plate
is curved up so as to make a smooth corner for the sling (with which the cle-
ments are drawn forward and lifted out) to rub against.
The girders O are supported at each end by the columns Q preferably of I
section and are connected together and stiffened by angle irons and the web
plates W, P.
The top of the combustion chamber is formed by an element consisting of a
number of inclined tubes preferably of small diameter. The tubes are expanded
at each end into chambers of triangular section S. The top one is bolted or
studded to the half round chamber B so as to make a tight joint, and B is con-
nected to the steam receiver by the pipe C. The lower chamber S is jointed to
a dished plate T. Afthe front end of this plate is fixed by means of. the flange U
an elbow V. This elbow is jointed (preferably by a flange and studs) to the
elbow W. This elbow W is connected by the vertical pipe X to the deposit
chamber Y. These chambers are fitted with blow off cocks at the lower end.
The pipe F is fixed at one end to the column Q and is free to slide at the other
on the bracket Z fixed to the opposite column. It is connected at each end by
means of the connecting pipes CP to the deposit chamber Y Y.
The tubes
In the smoke box is arranged a number of horizontal tubes H T.
are connected (by screwing) at each end to malleable cast iron or cast steel
headers S H. The headers are divided by internal partitions I P
compel the feed water to pass through every one of the tubes.
so as to
The feed pipe is connected to the flange F F. The water passes through all
the tubes on the left and then through the connection H C and so on through
the tubes on the right to the pipe F through the connection B C.
The furnace is underneath the elements as shewn and is lined with firebrick
and would be fitted with the usual furnace and damper doors.
Additional air is supplied above the fire bars at the back of the furnace by
means of the tubes A T. The back ends of these tubes are closed and they are
perforated with holes on the underside along their length. The front ends of
these tubes are opened out and fit over nozzles (fitted through the door FD)
when the door is closed and are then in communication with the outside. air or
they may be connected with a forced draught system.
The products of combustion start from the fire and take a course parallel to
the front of the boiler; they then turn upward's into the combustion cham-
ber C B and turning again go parallel to the front of the boiler and pass
between the small vertical tubes and so on into the smoke box where they pass
round the horizontal tubes H T and up through the uptake U T.
The back and sides of the boiler are formed by plates stiffened with angle
irons and fastened to the columns Q. The front is closed by the plate P, P, and
doors SD and FD and the furnace and damper doors. The door FD turns
downwards and doors S D turn sideways.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
-
(1) The construction of water tube steam generators substantially as and for
the purpose herein specified.
(2) The sliding arrangement embracing the brackets M fitted with rollers,
substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.
Dattu WHICH May
JAS. T. PEARSON,
Registered Patent Agent, Burnley,
Agent for the Applicant.
JAS. T. PEARSON,
Registered Patent Agent, Burnley,
Agent for the Applicant.