Improvements in Machines for Cutting Irregular Shapes.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Feb., 1891
Complete Specification Left. 18th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 18th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Cutting Irregular Shapes.
1. WILLIAM HENRY MUNNS, of 106, 107, and 108 Victoria Chambers,
Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention (a communication to me from abroad by Franz H.
Niermann, of Jefferson, Missouri, U.S.A. Inventor,) to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide mechanism by means of which material
while held stationary may be shaped like a pattern and also held stationary in the
machine by the bracket-action of a cutting-tool moved up and down across the
material, the action of the cutting-tool being controlled by a form-wheel also moved
up and down across the pattern. Heretofore material has been shaped like patterns
by bringing the surface of the material and pattern to the cutting-tool and the
form-wheel respectively, by revolving the material and pattern in a turning-lathe;
and the forms that could be reproduced by this method have been necessarily
limited.
By my invention, the material being stationary, and the cutting-tool moved to
meet the surface to be shaped, a greater variety of forms can be reproduced than
can be when the material is revolved to bring the surface to be shaped in contact
with the cutting-tool, and the work more substantially done.
By this invention dovetailed shears are secured in guides on the tops of the
main standards of the main frame. Adjustable on the shears are chucks having
standards with heads having shanks which pass into the standards, and
adjustable therein by means of set-screws, and secured on the heads are bases
having slots.
are
Mounted on the bases in any suitable manner are different suitable devices for
holding the patterns and material to be shaped. As the device is especially adapted
for shaping saddle-trees, side bars are mounted on bases having their ends pivoted
together.
A standard having a centre is fixed in a head having a shank passing into the
standard, the head being adjustable in the standard by means of a set-screw, and a
standard having a movable centre passes through a counter-bored head having a
shank passing into the standard, and adjustable therein by means of a set-screw.
The centre which has a head, the bases of which is larger in diameter than the
shank of the centre, forms a shoulder on the centre where the head and shank meet,
and is movable horizontally in the head, and the shank of the centre is surrounded
by a spiral spring, one end of which spring bears against the shoulder in the head,
and the other against the shoulder on the centre. The centre is held against the
material by the spiral-spring, and is operated to release the material by means of
a lever pivoted to the outer end of the centre, and having a link connection with the
lower part of the adjustable head.
A stop projects over the shears and is adjusted thereon by means of a clamping-
nut. The chucks are adjustable on the shears by means of clamp-screws and the
clamp ends, and the standards are adjustable on the shears by means of clamp
screws.
On the under side of the shears is a rack operated to move the shears by a dog
pivoted to a slide operated by a cam in the recesses in the slide, which slide has on
its outer end a plate to regulate the action of the cam on the slide, and it is
adjustable in the slot in the outer end of the slide by means of a clamp-screw and
clamp-nut, the dog being held in place by the spring on the slide. The slide moves
in a guide to which is pivoted the retaining dog, held in place by means of a spring
secured on the guide. The dogs are adapted to be thrown out of engagement by

page_text: means of a lever secured to the rear side of the guide in any suitable manner that
will permit it being pressed downward upon the dog, which dog then presses down
the retaining dog over which it works, thus throwing both dogs out of engagement
to permit the shears to be returned to the cam end of the machine, and on the front
side of the guide is secured a yoke to guide the lever. To the other end of the
shears from the cam is secured one end of a cord, which passes over the sheave
guided in the bracket secured to the guide, and on the pendent end of the cord is a
weight which is sufficiently heavy to keep the rack in place against the dogs, and
to return the shears back through the guides to the cam end of the machine when
the dogs are thrown out of engagement by the lever, which return is arrested by a
stop which is adjustable in the slot in the side of the shears by means of the
clamp-screw and nut, and for the purpose of enabling the return to be arrested at
the desired point. The sheave for the cord should be bracketed such a distance
from the end of the shears to which the cord is secured toward the cam end of the
machine, and the cord should be of such length as to enable the weight acting on
the cord when the dogs are thown out of engagement to return the shears, and to
allow them when operated by the dogs in engagement to recede from the can end
of the machine the necessary and proper distance.
A vertical shaft is journalled in a bracket on the under side of the guide and in
the arm secured on the standard. The upper end of the shaft passes through the
guide and has on its upper end a cam which the shaft revolves in the recesses of the
slide to operate that slide. At the lower end of the shaft is a bevelled pinion
meshing into a bevel-wheel secured on the horizontal shaft which is journalled on
the cross-bars of the main-frame. On the inner end of the shaft is a disc-wheel
having therein a slot. To the disc-wheel is pivoted the lower end of a pitman by
means of a wrist-pin which passes through the slot, and is adjustable therein by
means of the clamp-nut. The upper end of the pitman is pivoted by a wrist-pin to
a cross-bar which is secured to the slide moving vertically in the guide which is
secured to the inner side of the cross-bar of the main frame.
To each end of the cross-bar are pivoted the lower ends of links, the upper ends
of which are pivoted to the inner ends of the horizontal pivot-arms. The pitman
has a radial movement from the cross-bar. The outer end of the horizontal frames
turn on bushings fixed in bearings on front standards, and on the rear standards of
the main frame, and the shaft is journalled in the bushings on the front standards,
and the other shaft is journalled in bushings on the rear standards. The first
named shaft carries at its outer end the loose driving pulley, and between the
bushings is fixed a flange-pulley. The other shaft carries on its outer end a loose
driving-pulley and a fixed driving-pulley, and at its other end a fixed cone-pulley,
and between the inner ends of the bushings a fixed flange-pulley. The inner ends
of the horizontal arms are pivoted to the lower ends of the vertical frames and also
to the upper ends of the links by the shafts which carry the loose flange cone-
pulleys.
In the upper ends of the standards of the vertical frames are journalled shafts
which carry between the standards the fixed pulleys, and at their outer ends the
cutting-tools held adjustable thereon by means of adjustable collars and jam-nuts.
The form-wheels turn on spindles having squared ends, by which they are secured
to the slides between the lugs on the tops of the slides. The form-wheels are
adjustable on the spindles by means of adjustable collars and jam-nuts. The
slides move horizontally in guides secured in the upper ends of the standards, and
to the sides of the standards of the vertical frames, and are adjustable to and from
the pattern-chuck in the guides by means of clamping-nuts and clamping-screws
which pass through the longitudinal slots on the guides through the slides and
through the ends of the form-wheel spindles secured to the slides. The standards
of the vertical frames are shorter than the standards of those frames in order that
the spindles when the slides are in place in the guides may be in the same
horizontal planes as the shafts which carry the cutting-tools. The form-wheels and
cutting-tools, which are of the same diameter, when an exact reproduction of the

page_text: pattern is desired, are not in the same vertical planes, respectively, but are so
adjusted as to pass each other over the top of the pattern and material respectively,
and their relative positions on the vertical frames is such that one form-wheel will
rest against each side of the pattern, and one cutting-tool against each side of the
material when the vertical frames are in engagement and the pattern and material
in place. The flange-pulley on one shaft and the flange-pulley on the other shaft
are connected with a loose flange cone-pulley on other shafts by belts, and flange
cone-pulleys are connected with fixed Hange-pulleys on the last-named shafts by
belts. The vertical frames are so pivoted to the horizontal frames that they incline
at a small angle toward the chucks and centres when in engagement, and the
distance to which the form-wheels and cutting-tools will be lowered and raised by
the vertical frames is regulated by the adjustment of the pitman in the slot in the
disc-wheel.
To the side of the standard is a quadrant rack for holding the lever in engage-
ment.
The sheave is journalled on a stud secured on the rear horizontal frame and to
the rear vertical frame at a suitable height is secured, in any suitable manner, the
cord which passes back over the sheave and then to the front of the machine and
over the sheave journalled on a stud secured on the front horizontal frame, and
then down to the lever to which it is secured in any suitable manner at a suitable
distance from the pivot end of the lever.
To the vertical frame in the front of the machine is secured, at a suitable height,
in any suitable manner, a cord which passes forward over the sheave journalled on
the stud secured on the front horizontal frame, and then down to the lever to which
it is secured. The cords are of such length and so secured to the lever that when
the lever is forced down it will operate both cords at about the same time and cause
them to swing the vertical frames forward and backward clear of the chucks and
centres. To the vertical frames are secured, in any suitable manner, cords which
pass over the shafts turning in brackets secured to the under side of the guide, so
that one of the brackets faces to the front, and the other to the rear of the machine,
and to the pendent ends of the cords are secured balance weights at such distances
from the brackets, that when the vertical frames are thrown out of engagement by
the lever they will be prevented from dropping out too far by the balance-weights
coming in contact with the brackets. The balance-weights are heavy enough to
draw the vertical frames back into engagement when the lever is released from the
quadrant rack, and to hold them there while the work is being done.
A
In the rear of the machine is a shaft journalled on cross-bars of the main frame
and secured on its inner end to the geared pinion, and on the shaft between the
cross-bars is a clutch which slides on a feather, and a clutch-pulley having the face
to engage the clutch turning loose on the shaft and held in place by the collar.
lever is engaged in a groove in the clutch, and is pivoted to move laterally by a
pivot to a standard secured to a cross-bar on the main frame, and a lever passes up
above the shears, so that the stop may come in contact with it when the work has
passed under the cutting-tools to the end of the pattern, or as far as may be desired
to throw the clutch out of engagement, and to enable the operator to put the clutch
into engagement by moving the lever with his hand.
The shaft is journalled on the rear standards of the main frame, and carries a
fixed pulley and fixed cone-pulley. The cone-pulley is connected with another
cone-pulley on the shaft by a belt, and the flange-pulley with a clutch-pulley on
another shaft by a belt. A driving belt and driving-pulley drives the shaft with
cone-pulley causing the belts to operate the feed mechanism and the mechanism for
moving the form-wheels and cutting-tools on the vertical arms up and down across
the pattern and material, and also revolves the form-wheel and cutting-tool on the
rear vertical frame; and a driving-belt on a driving-pulley drives the shaft and
revolves the form-wheel and cutting-tool on the front vertical frame. The pinion
may be half the circumference of the bevel-wheel, when the cam will revolve twice
while the form-wheels and cutting-tools are travelling up and back again, or it may

page_text: be the same size as the bevel-wheel, when it will make but one revolution while the
form-wheels and cutting-tools are travelling up and back.
To use my invention the vertical frames are thrown away from the chucks and
the centres by forcing down the lever and engaging it in the quadrant rack. The
chucks and standards carrying the centres are loosened on the shears. The pattern
is secured on the base of the chuck, and the material on the base of the chuck by
suitable devices. The chuck is adjusted on the shears conveniently for the arm to
be down and clamped. The movable centre is then forced into the material so that
it will be held firmly in position to commence work when adjusted by the lever.
The pattern chuck is then adjusted on the shears so that the pattern will be between
the form-wheel spindles and clamp. The centre is then forced against the end of
the pattern by means of its standard, which is then clamped. The set-screws are
then tightened. The form-wheels are then adjusted on their spindles so that they
will commence traversing the pattern in the right place and clamp. The stop is
then adjusted to throw the clutch out of engagement when the work is done and
clamped. The plate is then adjusted to regulate the speed of the shears and
clamped. The shears are returned to stop the lever released from the rack, and the
vertical arms brought into engagement by the weights. The driving-belts are
connected with the pulleys and the clutch brought into engagement with the hand,
and the machine is then in operation and the work commenced. Belts drive the
cutting-tools and bolts the clutch-pulley when out of engagement as a loose pulley,
and when in engagement as a loose pulley, but when in engagement as a fixed
pulley they operate the mechanism which operates the feed and vertical frames.
The vertical frames move the form-wheels and cutting-tools up and down across
the pattern and material, and the shears move by the feed device carrying the
pattern and material from the one end to the other under the form-wheels and
cutting-tools respectively, and the form-wheels are thus enabled to traverse the
whole surface of the pattern, and to control the cutting-tools following them over
the material to shape the material to pattern. When only one form-wheel and
cutting-tool is required one vertical frame may be thrown out of engagement with
the hand. When the work has passed beneath the cutting-tools to the end of the
pattern, or as far as may be desired, the lever comes in contact with the stop, which
throws the clutch out of engagement. The shears are then returned and the work
again passed under the cutting-tools, when necessary, and this is repeated until the
material has been shaped according to the pattern. The work can then be removed
by throwing the vertical arms out of engagement and loosening the device, securing
it to the bases and drawing away the centre by means of the lever; and the pattern
by releasing it from the base and drawing away the centre.
Dated this 18th day of Wahmane 1901
W. H. MUNNS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Cutting Irregular Shapes.
I, WILLIAM HENRY MUNNS, of 106, 107, and 108 Victoria Chambers,
Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention (a communication to me from abroad by Franz H.
Niermann, of Jefferson, Missouri, U.S.A. Inventor,) and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to provide mechanism by means of which material
while held stationary may be shaped like a pattern and also held stationary in the
machine by the direct action of a cutting-tool moved up and down across the
material, the action of the cutting-tool being controlled by a form-wheel also moved
up and down across the pattern. Heretofore material has been shaped like
patterns by bringing the surface of the material and pattern to the cutting-tool and

page_text: e form-wheel respectively, by revolving the material and pattern in a turning-
the, and the forms that can be reproduced by this method have been necessarily
mited. By my invention the material being stationary and the cutting-tool moved
meet the surface to be shaped, a greater variety of forms can be reproduced than
n be when the material is revolved to bring the surface to be shaped in contact
th the cutting-tool and the work more satisfactorily done. Patterns in connection
th form-wheels have been heretofore used in turning-lathes to control cutting-
ols to shape material after the patterns, and I do not, therefore, claim that
oadly. attain this object by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying
awings, in which—
adjusting the form-wheel spinan
Fig. 12 is an enlarged vertical section on line 12 12 of Fig. 2, showing the
movable centre with its spring in the head and sections for moving the centre in
the head, the means for adjusting the head in the standard, and the standard on
the shears.
Fig. 13 is an enlarged vertical section on line 13 13 of Fig. 2, showing bearing of
swinging frame and manner of driving pulley.
Fig. 14 is a view of the right-hand end of the machine.
Fig. 15 is a detailed top view of slide with its cross-bar and connections of cross-
bar with disc-wheel.
Fig. 16 is a vertical section on line 16 16 of Fig. 15.
Fig. 17 is a section on line 17 17 of Fig. 16, showing adjustable connection of
pitman with disc-wheel.
Fig. 18 is a vertical longitudinal section on line 18 18 of Fig. 19, showing the clutch.
Fig. 19 is a vertical horizontal section on line 19 19 of Fig. 18, showing manner
of engagement of fork lever with clutch.
Similar letters refer to corresponding parts in all the figures.
In Figs. 1, 2, and 5, A are shears dovetailed in guides a a' secured on the tops
of the main standards B of the main frame. Adjustable on the shears A are
chucks CC having standards with heads cc' having shanks which pass
into the standards and are adjustable thereon by means of the set-screws e e¹ and
secured on the heads cc' are bases ff with slots gy'.
Mounted on the bases (Figs. 2 and 5) in any suitable manner are different.
suitable devices for holding the patterns and material to be shaped. As a device
especially adapted for shaping saddle-trees, the drawings show mounted on the
bases side bars having their ends pivoted together and to the bases by the
pivots, and adjustable on the bases by means of the toggles and of
the bolts, which pass through the toggles and slots gg in the bases and of
the thumb-nuts 1. D, (Figs. 1 and 2) is a standard having a centre m fixed in a
head having a shank o passing into the standard D, the head being adjustable in
the standard D by means of the set-screw p, and E (Figs. 1 and 12) is a standard
having a movable centre y passing through a counterbored head having a shank s
passing into the standard E and adjustable therein by means of the set-screw_t.
The centre q which has a head the base of which is larger in diameter than the
shank of the centre, forms a shoulder on the centre where the head and the shank

page_text: meet, is movable horizontally in the head, and the shank of centre I is
surrounded by a spiral spring u, one end of which spring bears against the
shoulder in the head and the other against the shoulder on centre 7. The
centre 7 is held against the material by the spiral-spring and is operated to
release the material by means of the lever e pivoted to the outer end of the centre
and having the link-connection we with the lower parts of the adjustable head r
all as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 12.
F is a stop projecting over the shears and adjustable thereon by means of the
clamp-nut, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 6. The chucks C and C' are adjustable on
the shears by means of the clamp-screws y y¹ and the clamp-nuts, and the
standards D and E are adjustable on the shears by means of the clamp-screws y y³
and the clamp-nuts 23, as shown in Figs. 1 and 12.
""
On the under side of the shears A is a rack G (Fig. 1) operated to move the
shears by a dog m (Figs. 1 and 3) pivoted to a slide operated by a cam n' in the
recesses o' in the slide H, which slide has on its outer cnd the plate to regulate
the action of the cam on the slide H, and it is adjustable in the slot q' in the outer
end of the slide H. by means of the cam-screw and the cam-muts the dog m¹
being held in place by the spring t on the slide H. The slide H moves in a
guide to which is pivoted the retaining-dog held in place by means of a
spring secured on the guide I. The dogs m and are adapted to be thrown
out of engagement by means of a lever secured to the rear side of the guide I in
any suitable manner that will permit it being pressed downward upon the dog m',
which dog then presses down the retaining dog at over which it works, thus
throwing both dogs out of engagement to permit the shears to be returned to the
cam end of the machine, and on the front side of the guide I is secured a
yoke to guide the lever ', all as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4.
To the other end of the shears from the cam is secured one end of the cord a²
(Fig. 1) which passes over the sheave guided in the bracket & secured to the
guide a, and on the pendent end of the cord a² is a weight which is sufficiently
heavy to keep the rack in place against the dogs m' and ' and to return the shears
back through the guides a to the cam end of the machine, when the dogs m'
and are thrown out of engagement by the lever to', which return is arrested by
the stop which is adjustable in the slot 2 in the side of the shears by means of
the clamp-screw and nut for the purpose of enabling the return to be arrested at the
desired point, all as shown in Fig. 1. The sheave for the cord a² should be
bracketed such a distance from the end of the shears to which the cord is secured
toward the cam end of the machine, and the cord should be of such length as to
enable the weight acting on the cord a when the dogs m' and ' are thrown out
of engagement, to return the shears to, and to allow them, when operated by the
dogs in engagement, to recede from the cam end of the machine the necessary and
proper distance.
(Fig. 1) is a vertical shaft journalled in a bracket on the under side of the
guide I and in the frame secured on standard K. The upper end of the shaft J
passes through the guide and has on its upper end the cam ¹ (Figs. 2 and 4)
which the shaft J revolves in the recesses o' of the slide H to operate that slide as
shown in Figs. 2 and 3. At the lower end of the shaft J is the bevelled-pinion /
meshing in the bevelled-wheel secured on the horizontal shaft L which is
journaled on the cross-bars M and N of the main frame. On the inner end of
shaft L is the disc-wheel O, having therein the slot (Fig. 16). To the disc-
wheel O is pivoted the lower end of a pitman P by means of the wrist-pin 2 which
passes through the slot and is adjustable therein by means of the nut . The
upper end of the pitman P is pivoted by a wrist-pin m² to the cross-bar Q
which is secured to the slide R moving vertically in the guide S which is
secured to the inner side of the cross-bar T of the main frame, all as shown
in Figs. 1, 8, 14, 15, 16, and 17.
To each end of the cross-bar Q (Figs. 8 and 14) are pivoted the lower ends of
links n² the upper ends of which are pivoted to the inner ends of the horizontal

page_text: pivoted frames U, as shown in Figs. 7, 8, 14, and 1. The pitman P has a radial
movement from the cross-bar Q. The outer ends of the horizontal frames U turn
on bushings o² (Fig. 13) fixed in bearings on front standards V and W and on
rear standards X and Y of the main frame, and the shaft Z is journalled in the
bushings o2 on front standards V and W, and the shaft A' is journalled in the
bushings o on rear standards X and Y, as shown in Figs. 8 and 14. The shaft Z
carries on its outer end the loose driving pulley 72 and the fixed driving pulley f*,
and between bushings of the fixed flange-pulley B. The shaft A' carries on its
outer end the loose driving pulley and the fixed driving pulleys, and on its outer
end the fixed cone-pulley C, and between the inner ends of the bushings of the
fixed flange-pulley D', as shown in Figs. 13 and 2. The inner ends of the liorizontal
frames U are pivoted to the lower ends of the vertical frames E' and also to the
upper ends of the links by the shafts F¹ which carry the loose flange cone-
pulley G, as shown in Figs. 8, 7, and 14.
In the upper ends of standards (Fig. 1) and standards a³ of the vertical
frames E are journaled shafts H¹ which carry between the standards and the
fixed pulleys and on their outer ends, the cutting-tools (Fig. 9) held adjust-
able thereon by means of adjustable collars and jam-nuts ³, as shown in
Figs. 1, 2, and 9. The form-wheels J turn on spindles K' (Fig. 10) having
squared ends by which they are secured to the slides L' (Fig. 1) between the
lugs on the tops of the slides L. The form-wheels are adjustable on the spindles
by means of adjustable collars c¹ and jam-nuts d', as shown clearly in Fig. 1. The
slides L' move horizontally in guides M secured in the upper ends of
standards (Fig. 1) w and to the sides of standards of the vertical frames and
are adjustable to and from the pattern chuck C of the guides M¹ by means of
clamp-nuts and clamp-screws which pass through the longitudinal slots y³ on
the guides through the slides and through the ends of the form-wheel
spindles K secured to the slides L', Figs. 1 and 11. The standards of the
vertical frames are shorter than the standards and of those frames in order
that the spindles K when the slides L' are in place in the guides M may be in the
same horizontal planes as the shafts H which carry the cutting-tools, Fig. 1. The
form-wheels and cutting-tools which are of the same diameter when an exact
reproduction of the pattern is desired are not in the same vertical planes,
respectively, but are so adjusted as to pass each other over the top of the
pattern and material, respectively, and their relative positions on the vertical frames
is such that one form-wheel will rest against the pattern, and one cutting-tool against
each side of the material when the vertical frames are in engagement of the pattern
and material in place Figs. 1 and 2. The flange-pulley B on shaft Z and the
Hange-pulley D on shaft A' are connected with a loose flange cone-pulley Gon
shafts by belts N', and flange cone-pulleys Gare connected with fixed flange-
pulley on shafts H' by belts O', Figs. 1, 2, and 8. The vertical frames are so
pivoted to the horizontal frames that they incline at a small angle toward the
chucks and centres when in engagement, Figs. S and 14, and the distance to which
the form-wheels and cutting-tools will be lowered and raised by the vertical frames
is regulated by the adjustment of the pitman P in the slot in the disc-wheel O,
Figs. 8, 14, and 16. To the side of the standard W is pivoted the lever 13,
and secured to the standard W is the quadrant rack for holding the lever /³ in
engagement, Fig. 14.
The sheave is journalled on a stud secured on the rear horizontal
frame U and to the rear vertical frame at a suitable height is secured in any
suitable manner a cord which passes back over the sheave 3 and then to the
front of the machine and over the sheave m³ journalled on a stud g secured on the
front horizontal frame U and then down to the lever ³, to which it is secured
in any suitable manner at a suitable distance from the pivot end of that lever.
To the vertical frame in the front of the machine is secured at a suitable height
in any suitable manner a cord o³ which passes forward over the sheave³ journaйled
on the stud secured on the front horizontal frame U, and then down to the

page_text: lever to which it is secured, in the same manner as the cord 1, Figs. and 14.
The cords and are of such length and so secured to lever ³, that when
lever is forced down it will operate both at about the same time and cause them
to swing the vertical frames forward and backward clear of the chucks and centres.
To the vertical frames E' are secured in any suitable manner cords which pass
over sheaves turning in brackets secured to the under side of guide a' so that
one of the brackets faces to the front and the other to the rear of the machine, and
to the pendent ends of the cords are secured balance-weights at such distance
from the brackets that when the vertical frames are thrown out of engagement
by the lever they will be prevented from dropping out too far by the balance-
weights coming in contact with the brackets s³. The balance-weights are
heavy enough to draw the vertical frames back into engagement when the lever
is released from the quadrant-rack and to hold them there while the work is
being done, Figs. 8 and 14.
In the rear of the machine is the shaft P¹ journalled on cross-bars M. and N of
the main frame, having secured on its inner end geared-pinion Q, Figs. 8 and 14
and on shaft between cross-bars M and N is a clutch (Figs. 18 and 19) which
slides on a feeder, and a clutch-pulley R having the face w³ to engage the clutch 3
turning loose on the shaft P and held in place by the collar , Fig. 2. A lever Si
is engaged in a groove in the clutch and is pivoted to move laterally on pivot e
(Fig. 4) on a standard secured to the cross-bar N of the main frame, and the
lever Si passes up above the shears so that the stop F may come in contact with
it when the work has passed under the cutting-tools to the end of the pattern, or
as far as may be desired to throw the clutch out of engagement and to enable
the operator to put the clutch into engagement by moving lever S¹ with his
hand.
The shaft U is journalled on the rear standards and W of the main frame
and carries fixed pulley Y¹ and fixed cone-pulley X. The conc-pulley X' is
connected with cone-pulley C2 on the shaft A¹ by a belt y', and flange-pulley Y
and with clutch-pulley R' on shaft P by the belt a', Figs. 2, 8, and 14. A driving
belt on driving-pulleys drives shaft A with cone-pulley C³, causing belts and a
to operate the feed mechanism and the mechanism for moving the formn-wheel and
cutting-tools on the vertical frames up and down across the pattern and material,
and also revolves the form-wheel and cutting-tool on the rear vertical frame, and a
driving-belt on driving-pulley * drives shaft Z and revolves the form-wheel and
cutting-tool on the front vertical frame. Pinion 2 may be half the circumference
of bevel-wheel, as shown in drawings, when the cam will revolve outwards while
the form-wheels and cutting-tools are travelling up and back again, or it may be
the same size as the bevel-wheel, when it will make but one revolution while the
form-wheels and cutting-tools are travelling up and back.
To use my machine the vertical frames E' are thrown away from the chucks CC1
and the centres m and 7 by forcing down lever h³ and engaging it in the quadrant
rack ³. The chucks and standards carrying the centres are loosened on the
shears. The pattern is secured on the base of the chuck C, and the material on
the base of chuck C', by suitable devices. Chuck C¹ is adjusted on the shears
conveniently for the work to be done and clamped. The movable centre 9 is then
forced into the material so that it will be held firmly in position by spiral spring
and clamped on the shears. The shears A are then adjusted so that the cutting-
tools a³ will be in position to commence work when adjusted by means of lever w¹,
the hand, and the stop e², and clamped by clamp-screw and nut . The pattern
chuck is then adjusted on the shears so that the pattern will be between the form-
wheel spindles and clamped. The centre m is then forced against the end of the
pattern by means of its standard D, which is then clamped. The set-screws e e¹ p
and t are then tightened. The form-wheels Jare then adjusted on their spindles K¹
so that they will commence traversing the pattern in the right place, and clamped.
The stop F is then adjusted to throw the clutch out of engagement when the
work is done and clamped. The plate p' is then adjusted to regulate the speed of

page_text: the shears and clamped. The shears are returned to stop e², the lever ³ released
from the rack, and the vertical frames brought into engagement by the weights t³.
The driving-belts are connected with pulleys sand and the clutch brought into
engagement by the hand, and the machine is then in operation and the work
commenced. Belts N' and O' drive the cutting-tools and belts y' and a clutch
pulley R¹ when out of engagement as a loose pulley, but when in engagement as a
fixed pulley it operates the mechanism which operates the feed and vertical frames.
The vertical frames move the form-wheels and cutting-tools up and down across
the pattern and material and the shears move by the feed device carry the
pattern and material from one end to the other under the form-wheels and cutting-
tools respectively, and the form-wheels are thus cuabled to traverse the whole
surface of the pattern and to control the cutting-tools following them over the
material to shape the material after the pattern. When only one form-wheel and
cutting-tool is required one vertical frame may be thrown out of engagement.
When the work has passed beneath the cutting-tools to the end of the pattern or
as far as may be desired the lever S₁ comes in contact with stop which throws
the clutch out of engagement. The shears are then returned and the work again
passed under the cutting-tools, when necessary, and this is repeated until the
material has been shaped according to the pattern. The work can then be removed
by throwing the vertical frames out of engagement and loosening the device,
securing it to the base, and drawing away centre 7 by means of lever and the
pattern by releasing it from the base and drawing away centre m.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The combination of shears, guides for the shears to move in, chucks on the
shears having bases on their heads, a fixed centre in a head in a standard on the
shears and a movable centre having a counterbored head with a shank that passes
into a standard on the shears, and mechanism for operating the movable centre,
consisting of a spring in the counterbored head surrounding the shank of the movable
centre, a shoulder in the counterbored head, and a shoulder on the movable centre.
for the ends of the spring to bear against, a lever pivoted to the outer end of the
centre, and a link-connection between the lever and the lower part of the counter-
bored head, all substantially as described.
2. The combination of shears, a rack under the shears, a dog secured to a slide
to operate the rack to move the shears and the slide, a spring on the slide to hold
the dog in place in the rack, a cam, a recess in the slide for the cam to revolve in
to operate in the slide, a shaft to revolve the cam, a plate adjustable in a slot in
the slide behind the recess for the cam to regulate the action of the cam on the
slide, a guide for the slide to move in, a retaining dog on the guide, a spring on
the guide to hold the retaining-dog in place in the rack; a cord secured to the
other end of the shears from the cam, a sheave for the cord, a guide for the
sheave, and a weight on the pendent end of the cord, all substantially as
described.
3. The combination of shaft L, disc-wheel O, pitman P, wrist-pins 4, and m²,
cross-bar Q, slide R, guide S, links n², horizontal frames U, vertical frames E¹,
shafts, F, pulleys G', shafts Z and A', bushing o³, pulleys B₁ and D', shafts H',
pulleys I, belts N¹ and O¹, all substantially as described.
4. The combination of shaft L, disc-wheel O, pitman P, wrist-pins and m³,
cross-bar Q, slide R, guides S, links n², horizontal frames U, vertical frames E',
shafts F, shafts Z and A', bushing of, cords q³, sheaves r³, guides s³, and weights t³,
all substantially as described.
5. The combination of shaft P₁, clutch ³, clutch-pulley R', lever S', engaging
the clutch pivot e, the stop F, geared pinion Q, shaft L, disc-wheel O, pitman P,
wrist-pins and m², cross-bar Q, slide R, guide S, links n², horizontal frames U,
vertical frames E¹, shaft F', cone-pulleys G', shafts Z and A', bushings o³, pulleys Bi
B

page_text: and D', shafts H', fixed pulleys I', spindles K', slides L', guides M', belts N¹
and O¹, fixed cone-pulley C³, shaft U₁, fixed cone-pulley X', fixed pniley Y' and
belts and a, all substantially as described.
6. The combination of the shaft L, disc-wheel O, pitman P, wrist-pins k² and m²,
cross-bar Q, slide R, guide S, links 2, horizontal frames U, vertical frames E',
shafts F', bushing o², and shafts Z and A', all substantially as described.
7. The combination of shaft P₁, clutch ³, clutch-pulley R', having face w³,
lever S', pivot e¹, stop F, geared pinion Q', shaft L, disc-wheel O, pitman P, wrist-
pins and m³, cross-bar Q. slide R, guide S, links, horizontal frames U, vertical
frames E', shafts F', loose cone-pulleys G¹, shafts Z and A', bushing o³, fixed
pulleys B and D', shafts H', fixed pulleys I, belts N' and O', fixed pulley C³,
shaft U', fixed cone-pulley X', fixed pulley Y, belts y¹ and at, bevelled-wheel 2,
shaft, pinion, cam n', slide H having recesses o', dog m¹, spring t¹, guide I,
dog u, spring, rack G, shears A, cord a², sheave 62, bracket ³, and weight d²,
all substantially as described.
8. The combination of the shaft P1; clutch ³, clutch-pulley R¹, lever S¹, pivot e,
stop F, geared pinion Q, shaft L, disc-wheel O, pitman P, wrist-pins and m³,
cross-bar Q, slide R, guide S, links n, horizontal frames U, vertical frames E¹,
shafts F, loose cone-pulleys G¹, shafts Z and A', bushings o², fixed pulleys B¹
and D, shafts H¹, fixed pulleys I, cutting-tools a³, adjustable on shaft H,
spindles K', form-wheels J, adjustable on spindles K', guides M', with their
slots g³, slides L', belts N' and O', fixed cone-pulley C³, shaft U₁, fixed cone-
pulley X, fixed pulley Y₁, belts and a³, bevelled-wheel 2, shaft J, pinion h2,
cam n', slide H, recess o' in slide H, dog m', spring , guide I, dog u¹, spring v¹,
rack G, shears A, cord a³, sheave 2, bracket e², and weight d², all substantially as
described.
9. The combination of a centre, the bases ff, with their slots 9', the side
bars, the pivots, the toggles jj, the bolts kk', and the thuinb-nuts 11,
all substantially as described.
10. The combination of a rack, a slide, a dog secured to the slide to operate the
rack, a spring on the slide to hold the dog in place in the rack, a cam, a recess in
the slide for the cam to revolve in to operate the slide, a shaft to revolve the
cam, a guide for the slide to move in, a retaining-dog on the guide, and a spring
on the guide to hold the retaining-dog in place in the rack, all substantially as
described.
11. The combination of shears, a rack under the shears, a dog secured to a slide
to operate the rack to move the shears, the slide, a spring on the slide to hold the
dog in place in the rack, a cam, a recess in the slide, a shaft to revolve the
cam, a guide for the slide to move in, a retaining-dog on the guide, a spring on
the guide to hold the retaining-dog in place in the rack, a lever to throw the dogs
ont of engagement suitably secured to the guide, and a yoke on the guide to guide
the lever, all substantially as described.
Dated this 18th day of November 1891.