Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Dec., 1896-Accepted, 3rd Apr., 1897

page_text: effect of the machine enhanced. The speed at which the twister revolves must be
determined by trial, and must be such as to enable the spinner to alter the thickness
of the thread at will. As soon as the thread issues from the twister, it will have
a certain amount of strength, which greatly facilitates the subsequent fine
spinning.
The fine twist is imparted to the thread between the twister A and the spindle B,
which latter should revolve at about 4000 revolutions per minute to correspond
with the capability of the machine, this speed is absolutely necessary in order to
impart to the thread the finest possible twist during the short period in which the
thread passes from the twister to the spool D. If the twister A. were omitted,
the fine twist imparted by the machine when running at 4000 revolutions, would
be transmitted beyond the point at which the twister is arranged and even to the
band of the spinner holding the tow, and it would be impossible for him to feed
the material quickly enough to the machine, in order to vary the thickness
of the thread at will.
The arrangement of the twister enables in a great measure, fine spinning at a
high speed, without breaking the thread, since the tension of the thread between
its entrance and exit at the twister, whilst it is in the groove 31, is employed to
stretch the roughly twisted roving. The rotation of the shaft B which imparts
the fine twist to the roving is effected from the shaft M by the train of wheels 5 67,
which are advantageously arranged in the proportion of 15: 8: 4. The proportion
of the twister driving gear is advantageously as 12: 9: 5. The difference between
these.speeds of rotation will therefore be such that the tension caused will not be
quite compensated by the stretching of the roving in the twister, so that a breaking
of the thread would not be entirely avoided. In order therefore to entirely
obviate any risk whatever of breakage of the thread I employ an automatic,
intermittently operated brake.
As is well known, the thread is wound on the spool D by the latter rotating in
the same direction as its spindle but at a different speed. In practice this is
generally attained by decreasing the speed of the spool in that the motion of the
same is either stopped entirely or slowed by an uninterrupted brake.
The spooling of the thread in the present case is effected by passing the same
through the guide holes a bed of the flyer C and then attaching the end to the
spool D by means of the spring e on the latter. The spool D is loosely mounted
on the spindle B and will rotate with the flyer C.
By the aid of my improved intermittently operating brake the finest cambric
threads may be produced without the slightest danger of breaking the thread, since
the latter is not subjected to any strain.
The construction and arrangement of the brake F is shown in Figures 2, 5 and 7.
The spool D is provided with a rearwardly extending boss on which is mounted
to rotate with the said spool, a grooved ring E. A fine spiral spring F is wound
round the groove of the ring E once, and its ends are fastened to the ends of a
transverse bar P one of the said ends 8 being fast to the corresponding bar end
whilst the opposite end 9 is adjustably fixed to the opposite end of the bar P.
To this end, the end 24 (Figs. 2 and 5) of the bar is bifurcated and carries a screw
spindle 27 to which the end of the spiral is attached. Between the arms of the
fork screw nut 25 is arranged on the spindle and a locking nut 26 is also provided
so that by operating the two nuts, the position of the screw spindle and the tension
of the spring F may be adjusted.
The bar P is mounted on an arm J which passes downward through the sliding
block G and is bifurcated at its lower end to engage a projecting bar or lever 11
of the bar H which is pivoted in bearings L and K (Fig. 4) underneath the table.
The shaft M carries a gear 12 which engages a pinion 13 mounted in the lower
end of the arm L said gear 13 having attached thereto a crank arm 22 which is
connected to an arm 20 fast on the shaft. H by means of a connecting rod 21.
Thus the rotation of the pinion 13 will communicate a rocking motion to the
lever 11. As will thus be seen, the same will be applied to the spool D when

page_text: the arm 11, is depressed, taking with it the arm J and bar P and tightening the
spiral round the groove of the spool D.
An intermittently operating brake is advantageous for other reasons, it enables
the spinner to keep back the thread in case sufficient twist should not have been
imparted to the same, it further renders possible an increase or decrease in the
fineness of the twist imparted to the thread without straining the same in
any way.
The device for moving the spool consists of the spool holder O (Figs. 1, 3 and 5)
being a lever having its upper end rounded out to lie in the groove 45 of the
spool D. The lower end of this lever is bent round to lie horizontally as at 14
said end having a square section and being passed through the sliding block G.
and retained in position on the same by means of a spring 17 arranged between
the block G and a nut 16 on the end of the bar 14. The spring 17 will act to
keep the upper end of the rod O in the groove of the spool and when it is required
to take the spool out it will only be necessary to press the arm 14 through the
block against the action of its spring and the spool will be free of the said arm.
The stand G in which the spool and the brake device are mounted is connected
underneath the table to a connecting rod N, which is operated from the gear Q by
means of the crank pin R. The block G. is suitably guided in a slot in the
table W. In order to moisten the material being spun, a reservoir or receptacle
is provided which may contain cold or luke warm water in which the spinner can
moisten his fingers, motion is imparted to the shaft M by means of the gears 40
and 41, the former of which is fast on the crank shaft U and engages the latter,
which is keyed to the shaft M. The crank shaft U is worked by a treadle or by
means of sheave pulleys (not shown) from any suitable power source.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is :-
1. A spinning machine for producing fine spun yarn direct from the raw material,
by means of which the raw material receives a first twist from a rotary cylinder
twister (A) running at about 2000 revolutions, passes then to a rotary flyer (C)
running at about double the speed, by which it is fine spun the tension caused by
the flyer being employed to stretch the roving within the twister and straining or
breaking of the thread being prevented by an intermittently operative brake in
connection with the fine yarn spool (D).
2. In a spinning machine of the class covered by Claim 1, means for effecting
the intermittent braking of the spool (D) consisting of a long fine wire spiral, (F)
running round an extension of the said spool and having its end attached to a
horizontal arm (P) mounted on a vertically guided rod (J) engaging with its lower
end the reciprocated lever (H).