IMPROVEMENTS IN THAT DESCRIPTION OF GAS METERS COMMONLY CALLED WET METERS
Year: 1858

page_text: [The words printed in italics are in red ink in the original.]
ed 18th May 1861.
En the Matter of Letters Patent granted to GEORGE BARTHOLOMEW,
of Linlithgow,, North Britain, Edge Tool Maker, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THAT DESCRIPTION OF GAS METERS COMMONLY
CALLED WET METERS;" bearing date the Eleventh day of June, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, and which said Letters
Patent, by an Indenture dated the Thirtieth day of March One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, and registered in the Great
Seal Patent Office the Tenth day of April One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-one, have been duly assigned to Thomas Glover,
of Suffolk Street, Clerkenwell, Gas Meter Manufacturer, upon
certain conditions therein stated.
SCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION proposed to be
entered by the said Thomas Glover, as Assignee of the said Letters
Patent, as aforesaid, in the Great Seal Patent Office, by and with the
leave of Her Majesty's Solicitor-General, pursuant to the Statutes in
such case made and provided.
WHEREAS since the filing of the Specification of the said Letters Patent
ve been advised that the description of the Invention as therein contained,
the claim thereto, may be held to be too comprehensive, and so as to
ude other wet gas meters than those for which the Invention was intended

page_text: at page
66
to apply, namely, such only as have the axis of the measuring compartments
placed in a horizontal direction, and for this reason I desire to limit the
terms of such description and the claim thereof. For this purpose I propose
3 of the copy of the said Specification (as published at the Great Seal
Patent Office), line 21, after the word " 'gas," I propose to introduce the
words, "in wet gas meters the axis of the drum or measuring compartments of
which is supported horizontally;" also at page 5, line 9, after the word
not," I propose to introduce the words, " claim the application of means of
floatation to wet gas meters, except when the axis of the revolving drum or series
of chambers is supported horizontally, nor do I;" also at line 10 after the word
capability," I propose to introduce the words, " to such description of wet
meters," and at line 12, after the word "meters," I propose to introduce the
words, ".in which the axis of the drum or measuring chambers is supported
horizontally," when the said Specification will read as follows:-
"
"
"
"
A very serious objection to the use of wet or water gas meters arises from the
dimunition by evaporation or otherwise, and sometimes from the increase by
condensation or otherwise, of the water or other fluid in which the drum or
measuring compartments move, and the surface of which determines the
measuring capacity of such compartments, whereby the height of such fluid
is constantly changing, and though the movements of the measuring chambers
may be the same, the quantity of gas delivered is varied with any change in the
quantity of water or other fluid for the time in the meter, to the injustice either
of the gas company or of the consumer. And the object of my improvements
is to secure uniformity in measurement of gas in wet gas meters, the axis of
the drum or measuring compartments of which is supported horizontally, by
providing means for keeping the surface or measuring line of the water in the
drum or measuring compartments at one and the same level, although
by evaporation or otherwise the water or other fluid employed becomes
diminished, or from any cause increased in the case or reservoir, thus obviating
the injustice which occurs to the manufacturer or the consumer by any alter-
ation in the quantity of water in the case, arising from accident, design, or any
other cause.
But that the nature of my improvements may be fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying Drawings,
to describe the means pursued by me.

page_text: a, a, is an outer case or chamber formed fluid-tight, in order to its serving as
a well or reservoir for the water or other fluid, the surface of which is
employed to determine the measuring capacities of the measuring compart-
ments when receiving supplies of gas; within this case a is another case or
framo b, which by means of suitable bearings 6' supports within it, and by
their common axis c', the series of measuring compartments contained within
the drum or cylinder c. The case or frame is hollow and air-tight, so that
it may float, and thereby hold in suspension the measuring compartments in
the fluid contained in the outer case a, and so that such compartments may
thereby be free to rise and fall with any variation in the level of the fluid in
such case a, and have their guaging line or line of immersion in the water or
other fluid contained in the outer case a uniformly maintained; d is the inlet
pipe to conduct the gas to be measured, and it will be seen that this pipe is
fixed to the outer case a, and that its inner end passes to within the drum or
cylinder c, in order to supply the compartments thereof successively with gas,
whilst the gas measured by passing through the measuring compartments, and
thence discharged into the upper part of the outer case a, passes therefrom by
the pipe e, in the cover a¹ of such outer case a, or the pipe of supply may be
formed in two parts, with hydraulic connection, one part of such pipe being
connected to and so as to rise and fall with the floating case or frame b, whilst
the other is stationary. I form the outer case a sufficiently deep to provide
against the effects of evaporation under all ordinary circumstances, and yet
admit of the case or frame 6 freely floating therein. So long, therefore, as
there is a sufficient supply of water or other fluid in the outer case a to float
the contained meter (properly so called) a uniform line of measurement will
be secured. The cover a¹ of the outer case a. I prefer to form with internal
sides or surfaces a dipping into the fluid, by which I not only form a close
chamber for the measured gas between the case or frame b and the surfaces a³,
but I protect the wheelwork forming the index apparatus from the action of
gas. The cover a' is loaded or otherwise secured to the case a, to prevent
its being lifted off by the pressure of the gas within. The index apparatus is
supported by the frame b¹ carried by the case or frame b, so as to rise and fall
with that case and its contained measuring compartments, and the outer case
a is provided with an opening a¹ covered by glass of size suitable to render the
indicating dial visible through it. The inner end of the supply passage has
applied to it a valve f; which by the weighted end f is in the working con-
dition of the meter kept open, but when from evaporation or otherwise the
water or other fluid in the case a diminishes to an extent that the case or
the

page_text: frame b ceases to float therein, then the drum or cylinder c, or a projection,
comes on to the valve f to close it; when from the supply of gas ceasing, the
action of the meter will cease also until a fresh supply of water or other fluid
is provided to restore the floating of the case or frame b and its contained
compartments, and when there is an undue excess of water or other fluid in
the case a, so as to raise the case 6 with its contained compartments to the top
of the outer case a, the periphery of the drum or cylinder c, or a projection
therefrom, will come in contact with the inside of the cover a², or a projection
therefrom, by which that drum will be prevented from further rotation, and
the passage of gas through the meter will be stopped until the quantity of
water or other fluid in the case a is drawn off; h, h, are rollers to guide the
case or frame b, and thereby assist its free motion within the case a.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the means I
adopt in carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do
not claim the application of means of floatation to wet gas meters, except when the
axis of the revolving drum or series of chambers of such meters is supported hori-
zontally, nor do I confine myself to the precise details shown and described
for obtaining the desired floating capability to such description of wet meters, as
these may be varied, and other methods of obtaining floatation adopted
without departing from the peculiar character of my Invention; but what I
do claim is, the arranging wet or water gas meters in which the axis of the
drum or measuring chambers is supported horizontally, so that the drum or
measuring chambers acting on suitable index apparatus are made to float in
the water or other fluid contained in a case or reservoir, whereby such drum
or measuring chambers whilst such meters are in action are sustained at a
uniform and determined line of immersion in such water or other fluid, what-
ever may be height of the water or other fluid in such case or reservoir,
and unvarying measurement thereby obtained, as herein-before explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Glover, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.

page_text: To the Commissioners of Patents for Inventions.
I hereby grant my fiat, giving leave to the above-mentioned Thomas
Glover, Assignee of the said Letters Patent, to file in the Great Seal Patent
Office, with the Specification to which the same relates, the above-written
Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration as amended, and to which
amendments I have placed my initials.

page_text: En the Matter of Letters Patent granted to GEORGE BARTHOLOMEW,
of Linlithgow, North Britain, Edge Tool Maker, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THAT DESCRIPTION OF GAS METERS COMMONLY
CALLED WET METERS," bearing date the Eleventh day of June, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, and which said Letters
Patent, by an Indenture dated the Thirtieth day of March One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, and registered in the Great
Seal Patent Office the Tenth day of April One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-one, have been duly assigned to Thomas Glover,
of Suffolk Street, Clerkenwell, Gas Meter Manufacturer, upon
certain conditions therein stated.
DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION proposed to be
entered by the said Thomas Glover, as Assignee of the said Letters
Patent, as aforesaid, in the Great Seal Patent Office, by and with the
leave of Her Majesty's Solicitor-General, pursuant to the Statutes in
such caso made and provided.
WHEREAS since the filing of the Specification of the said Letters Patent
have been advised that the description of the Invention as therein contained,
nd the claim thereto, may be held to be too comprehensive, and so as to
nelude other wet gas meters than those for which the Invention was intended

page_text: to apply, namely, such only as have the axis of the measuring compartments
placed in a horizontal direction, and for this reason I desire to limit the
terms of such description and the claim thereof. For this purpose I propose
at page 8 of the copy of the said Specification (as published at the Great Seal
Patent Office), line 21, after the word "gas," I propose to introduce the
words, "in wet gas meters the axis of the drum or measuring compartments of
"which is supported horizontally;" also at page 5, line 9, after the word
not," I propose to introduce the words, "claim the application of means of
floatation to wet gas meters, except when the axis of the revolving drum or series
of chambers is supported horizontally, nor do I;" also at line 10 after the word
capability," I propose to introduce the words, "to such description of wet
meters," and at line 12, after the word "meters," I propose to introduce the
words, "in which the axis of the drum or measuring chambers is supported
horizontally," when the said Specification will read as follows:-
66
"
"
"
"
66
A very serious objection to the use of wet or water gas meters arises from the
dimunition by evaporation or otherwise, and sometimes from the increase by
condensation or otherwise, of the water or other fluid in which the drum or
measuring compartments move, and the surface of which determines the
measuring capacity of such compartments, whereby the height of such fluid
is constantly changing, and though the movements of the measuring chambers
may be the same, the quantity of gas delivered is varied with any change in the
quantity of water or other fluid for the time in the meter, to the injustice either
of the gas company or of the consumer. And the object of my improvements
is to secure uniformity in measurement of gas in wet gas meters, the axis of
the drum or measuring compartments of which is supported horizontally, by
providing means for keeping the surface or measuring line of the water in the
drum or measuring compartments at one and the same level, although
by evaporation or otherwise the water or other fluid employed becomes
diminished, or from any cause increased in the case or reservoir, thus obviating
the injustice which occurs to the manufacturer or the consumer by any alter-
ation in the quantity of water in the case, arising from accident, design, or any
other cause.
But that the nature of my improvements may be fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying Drawings,
to describe the means pursued by me.
1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows an external front view; Figure 2, a plan; Figures 3 and 4,

page_text: a, a, is an outer case or chamber formed fluid-tight, in order to its serving as
a well or reservoir for the water or other fluid, the surface of which is
employed to determine the measuring capacities of the measuring compart-
ments when receiving supplies of gas; within this case a is another case or
frame b, which by means of suitable bearings 6' supports within it, and by
their common axis c¹, the series of measuring compartments contained within
the drum or cylinder c. The case or frame 6 is hollow and air-tight, so that
it may float, and thereby hold in suspension the measuring compartments in
the fluid contained in the outer case a, and so that such compartments may
thereby be free to rise and fall with any variation in the level of the fluid in
such case a, and have their guaging line or line of immersion in the water or
other fluid contained in the outer case a uniformly maintained; d is the inlet
pipe to conduct the gas to be measured, and it will be seen that this pipe is
fixed to the outer case a, and that its inner end passes to within the drum or
cylinder c, in order to supply the compartments thereof successively with gas,
whilst the gas measured by passing through the measuring compartments, and
thence discharged into the upper part of the outer case a, passes therefrom by
the pipe e, in the cover a² of such outer case a, or the pipe of supply may be
formed in two parts, with hydraulic connection, one part of such pipe being
connected to and so as to rise and fall with the floating case or frame b, whilst
the other is stationary. I form the outer case a sufficiently deep to provide
against the effects of evaporation under all ordinary circumstances; and yet
admit of the case or frame b freely floating therein. So long, therefore, as
there is a sufficient supply of water or other fluid in the outer case a to float
the contained meter (properly so called) a uniform line of measurement will
be secured. The cover a¹ of the outer case a I prefer to form with internal
sides or surfaces a² dipping into the fluid, by which I not only form a close
chamber for the measured gas between the case or frame b and the surfaces a³,
but I protect the wheelwork forming the index apparatus from the action of
the gas. The cover a' is loaded or otherwise secured to the case a, to prevent
its being lifted off by the pressure of the gas within. The index apparatus is
supported by the frame b' carried by the case or frame b, so as to rise and fall
with that case and its contained measuring compartments, and the outer case
a is provided with an opening a' covered by glass of size suitable to render the
indicating dial visible through it. The inner end of the supply passage has
applied to it a valve f, which by the weighted end f' is in the working con-
dition of the meter kept open, but when froui evaporation or otherwise the
water or other fluid in the case a diminishes to an extent that the case or

page_text: frame b ceases to float therein, then the drum or cylinder c, or a projection,
comes on to the valve f to close it; when from the supply of gas ceasing, the
action of the meter will cease also until a fresh supply of water or other fluid
is provided to restore the floating of the case or frame b and its contained
compartments, and when there is an undue excess of water or other fluid in
the case a, so as to raise the case 6 with its contained compartments to the top
of the outer case a, the periphery of the drum or cylinder c, or a projection
therefrom, will come in contact with the inside of the cover a', or a projection
therefrom, by which that drum will be prevented from further rotation, and
the passage of gas through the meter will be stopped until the quantity of
water or other fluid in the case a is drawn off; h, h, are rollers to guide the
case or frame 6, and thereby assist its free motion within the case a.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the means I
adopt in carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do
not claim the application of means of floatation to wet gas meters, except when the
axis of the revolving drum or series of chambers of such meters is supported hori-
zontally, nor do I confine myself to the precise details shown and described
for obtaining the desired floating capability to such description of wet meters, as
these may be varied, and other methods of obtaining floatation adopted
without departing from the peculiar character of my Invention; but what I
do claim is, the arranging wet or water gas meters in which the axis of the
drum or measuring chambers is supported horizontally, so that the drum or
measuring chambers acting on suitable index apparatus are made to float in
the water or other fluid contained in a case or reservoir, whereby such drum
or measuring chambers whilst such meters are in action are sustained at a
uniform and determined line of immersion in such water or other fluid, what-
ever may be height of the water or other fluid in such case or reservoir,
and unvarying measurement thereby obtained, as herein-before explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Glover, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.

page_text: To the Commissioners of Patents for Inventions.
I hereby grant my fiat, giving leave to the above-mentioned Thomas
Glover, Assignee of the said Letters Patent, to file in the Great Seal Patent
Office, with the Specification to which the same relates, the above-written
Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration as amended, and to which
amendments I have placed my initials.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Bartholomew, of the Town and County of
Linlithgow, North Britain, Edge Tool Maker, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THAT DESCRIPTION OF GAS METERS COMMONLY CALLED
WET METERS."
Sealed the 30th September 1858, and dated the 11th June 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Bartholomew at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th June 1858.
I, GEORGE BARTHOLOMEW, of the Town and County of Linlithgow, North
Britain, Edge Tool Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THAT DESCRIPTION OF GAS METERS COMMONLY CALLED
WET METERS," to be as follows:—
A very serious objection to the use of wet or water gas meters arises from
the constant evaporation of the water or other fluid, in which the drum or
measuring compartments move, and the surface of which determines the
measuring capability of such compartments, whereby the height of such fluid
is constantly changing, and though the movements of the measuring chambers
may be the same, the quantities of gas delivered is varied with any change in
the quantity of water or other fluid for the time in the meter, to the injustice
either of the gas company or of the consumer.
And the object of these improvements is means of securing uniformity in

page_text: measurement of gas, whether, through evaporation or otherwise, the water or
other fluid employed becomes diminished, or from any cause the quantity of water
or other fluid is increased beyond what is necessary. For this purpose I form
an outer case or chamber as the well or reservoir for the water or other fluid
employed, and the case or frame supporting by their axis the measuring com-
partments, as also the index apparatus is made buoyant, so as to act as a float
for the measuring compartments, and thereby sustain them at a uniform point
of immersion in the water or other fluid contained in the outer case or
chamber. And I form this outer case or chamber sufficiently deep to provide
against the effects of evaporation, whereby, so long as there is a sufficient
supply of water or other fluid to float the contained meter (properly so called),
a uniform line of measurement will be secured. This outer case or chamber
I enclose at the top by a water or other suitable joint, and so soon as by
reason of evaporation or otherwise, that the water or other fluid employed
diminishes to an extent that the meter ceases to float therein, the action of the
meter and the consequent supply of gas ceases until a fresh supply of water or
other fluid is provided to restore the floating capability, and a like stoppage is
produced when there is an undue excess of water or other fluid.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Bartholomew in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 11th December 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
BARTHOLOMEW, of the Town and County of Linlithgow, North Britain, Edge
Tool Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs. and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said George Bartholomew, Her special licence that I, the said
George Bartholomew, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said George Bartholomew, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Iн-
PROVEMENTS IN THAT DESCRIPTION OF GAS METERS COMMONLY CALLED WET METERS,"

page_text: upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Bartholomew,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Bartholomew, do hereby declaro
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
A very serious objection to tho use of wet or water gas meters arises from
the diminution by evaporation or otherwise, and sometimes from the increase
by condensation or otherwise, of the water or other fluid in which the drum or
measuring compartments move, and the surface of which determines the
measuring capacity of such compartments, whereby the height of such fluid is
constantly changing; and though the movements of the measuring chambers
may be the same, the quantity of gas delivered is varied with any change in
the quantity of water or other fluid for the time in the meter, to the injustico
either of the gas company or of the consumer. And the object of my improve-
ments is to secure uniformity in measurement of gas by providing means for
keeping the surface or measuring line of the water in the drum or measuring
compartments at one and the same level, although by evaporation or otherwise
the water or other fluid employed becomes diminished, or from any cause
increased in the case or reservoir, thus obviating the injustice which occurs to
the manufacturer or the consumer by any alteration in the quantity of water
in the case arising from accident, design, or any other cause.
But that the nature of my improvements may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying Drawings, to.
describe the means pursued by me.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows an external front view, Figure 2 a plan, Figures 3 and 4
two sectional views of a meter constructed according to my improvements.
a, a, is an outer case or chamber, formed fluid-tight, in order to its serving as a
well or reservoir for the water or other fluid, the surface of which is employed
to determine the measuring capacities of the measuring compartments when
receiving supplies of gas; within this case a is another case or frame b, which, by
means of suitable bearings 6', supports within it and by their common axis c¹

page_text: the series of measuring compartments contained within the drum or cylinder c.
The case or frame b is hollow and air-tight, so that it may float, and thereby
hold in suspension the measuring compartments in the fluid contained in the
outer case a, and so that such compartments may thereby be free to rise and
fall with any variation in the level of the fluid in such case a, and have their
guaging line, or line of immersion, in the water or other fluid contained in the
outer case a uniformly maintained. d is the inlet pipe to conduct the gas to
be measured, and it will be seen that this pipe is fixed to the outer case a, and
that its inner end passes to within the drum or cylinder c, in order to supply
the compartments thereof successively with gas, whilst the gas measured by
passing through the measuring compartments, and thence discharged into the
upper part of the outer case a, passes therefrom by the pipe e in the cover a¹
of such outer case a, or the pipe of supply may be formed in two parts, with
hydraulic connection, one part of such pipe being connected to and so as to
rise and fall with the floating case or frame b, whilst the other is stationary.
I form the outer case a sufficiently deep to provide against the effects of
evaporation under all ordinary circumstances, and yet admit of the case or
frame freely floating therein. So long, therefore, as there is a sufficient
supply of water or other fluid in the outer case a to float the contained meter
(properly so called), a uniform line of measurement will be secured. The
cover a¹ of the outer case a I prefer to form with internal sides or surfaces a³
dipping into the fluid, by which I not only form a close chamber for the
measured gas between the case or frame 6 and the surfaces a², but I protect
the wheelwork, forming the index apparatus, from the action of the gas. The
cover a¹ is loaded or otherwise secured to the case a, to prevent its being lifted
off by the pressure of the gas within. The index apparatus is supported by
the frame b¹, carried by the case or frame b, so as to rise and fall with that
case and its contained measuring compartments, and the outer case a is pro-
vided with an opening a¹, covered by glass of size suitable to render the
indicating dial visible through it. The inner end of the supply passage has
applied to it a valve f, which, by the weighted end f, is in the working con-
dition of the meter kept open, but when from evaporation or otherwise the
water or other fluid in the case a diminishes to an extent that the case or
frame b ceases to float therein, then the drum or cylinder c or a projection comes
on to the valve f to close it, when, from the supply of gas ceasing, the action of
the meter will cease also, until a fresh supply of water or other fluid is provided
to restore the floating of the case or frame b and its contained compartments;
and when there is an undue excess of water or other fluid in the case a, so as
to raise the case with its contained compartments to the top of the outer

page_text: case a, the periphery of the drum or cylinder c, or a projection therefrom,
will come in contact with the inside of the cover a', or a projection therefrom,
by which that drum will be prevented from further rotation, and the passage
of gas through the meter will be stopped until the quantity of water or other
fluid in the case a is drawn off. h, h, are rollers to guide the case or frame b,
and thereby assist its free motion within the case a.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the means I
adopt in carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do
not confine myself to the precise details shewn and described for obtaining the
desired floating capability, as these may be varied and other methods of
obtaining floatation adopted, without departing from the peculiar character of
my Invention; but what I do claim is, the arranging wet or water gas meters
so that the drum or measuring chambers acting on suitable index apparatus,
are made to float in the water or other fluid contained in a case or reservoir,
whereby such drum or measuring chambers whilst such meters are in action
are sustained at a uniform and determined line of immersion in such water
or other fluid, whatever may be the height of the water or other fluid in such
case or reservoir, and unvarying measurement thereby obtained, as herein-
before explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Bartholomew, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
GEORGE BARTHOLOMEW. (L.S.)
Witness,
WILLIAM BROOKES,
73, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agent.