IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING-MOTORS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex for an
invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING-MOTORS A communication from
abroad by Adolphe Marquès and Jean Montcenis, both of Bordeaux France
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th May 1882.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SPRING-MOTORS," a communication from abroad by Adolphe Marquès and Jean
Montcenis, both of Bordeaux, France,
This invention relates to motors driven by the elasticity of springs.
The improved motor comprises a flat spiral spring enclosed in a cylindrical
casing and attached with the outer end to this fixed casing while the inner end is
fixed to the hub of a movable shaft carrying a spur-wheel from which motion may
be transmitted to a shaft by means of intermediate gearing comprising a ratchet
wheel and a pawl. The steel blade forming the main spring is strengthened by
several shorter blades, and is gradually reduced in thickness from the circumference
towards the centre. A second spring is attached to the hub of the spring axle and
wound in a direction opposite to the main-spring, so that by turning the shaft in
either direction one spring is coiled up while the other is uncoiled. After the
main-spring has been wound up the mechanism may be set in motion by releasing
a friction clutch mounted on a shaft which is connected with the ratchet wheel by
tooth-wheels.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th November 1882.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SPRING-MOTORS," a communication from abroad, by Adolphe Marqués and Jean
Montcenis, both of Bordeaux, France.
This invention consists in a new mechanical motor provided with a very simple
arrangement for increasing the motive power at will.
In the accompanying drawing which illustrates the invention Figure 1. is a
front view and Figure 2 a side view of a motor. a represents a shaft carrying a
pinion b which by means of the toothed wheel cimparts motion to the shaft d
carrying the pinion e which gears into the toothed wheel ƒ fixed on the shaft g,
which passes through the spring-box h.
The shaft g bears the hub i to which the springs are fixed at the point j.
..
Any number of springs may be used according to the resistance which has to be
overcome.
k is a screw-bolt serving to fix the core or hub i on the shaft g.
Situated in the interior of the spring-box h is the spring m.
The blade of said
spring is thicker at the point l, where it is attached to the box; for instance its
thickness may be 2 millimetres at the point 7, but only 1 millimetre at the inner
end. According to the power required auxiliary blades more or less long and
thick may be applied for the purpose of giving the spring the tractive force
required to cause the uncoiling of the main blade m fixed to the screw-bolts j.
To prevent the breaking of the spring blade its thickness is increased some
millimetres at the point j.
The main-blade m of the spring may have a width of 0.12 metres at the point l,
where it is attached, and its width may diminish gradually until it reaches the
point, where.it is reduced to 0.08 metres.
This construction of the spring might lead to belief that by diminishing the
tension of the blade, the spring might lose in power, whereby the movement of the
motor might become slower
This is prevented by fastening to the hub i by means of screw-bolts j a second
spring-blade, wound in a.direction opposite to the main spring and having a
thickness and elasticity according to the work they have to perform.
This blade or blades forces the main-blade m to coil up and to re-occupy its
position against the sides of the spring box h.
The combined power of the said spring-blades gives a contrary and regular
rotary movement to the shaft g, carrying the toothed wheelf which transmits its
movement to the pinion n and thereby to the shaft o, on which said pinion turns.
A rotating disc Z, soldered to the pinion n, serves to isolate the movement of
all the other parts of the apparatus, when the spring of the motor is wound up.
By means of the pawls q soldered to the toothed wheel r one may stop, in
winding up, wherever it is desirable, and the whole mechanism will come to a
stand-still.
To set the mechanism in motion, the spring being wound up, it is sufficient to
lift the knob p for a few millimetres, which by means of lever S carrying the
conical friction clutch a¹, releases the governor t, the removal of its sliding surface
from the fixed cone allowing the regulator t to rotate.
This regulator drives the pinion by means of the shaft u.
Once so set in

page_text: motion, all parts of the apparatus work; and to slacken or stop the work it will
be sufficient to push or lift the knob p, and the result required is immediately
obtained.
The toothed wheel r, being rotated by the springs (in spring box h), transmits
its movement to the pinion y mounted on the shaft 2 carrying the pinion 3. The
pinion 3. transmits the movement to the toothed wheel 4, which transmits it to the
pinion 5 which, being mounted on a driving shaft 6, drives a fly-wheel 7, or a
pulley, which by means of a belt or other suitable gearing, drives the machine to
be worked.
The pinion 5 also turns the toothed wheel mounted on shaft g on which is
keyed the intermediate bevel gear 10 setting in motion the pinion of the
regulator t.
For increasing the power and controlling the same, two or more spring-casings
with springs may be combined, and provided with a suitable governor.
Having now described the invention as communicated to me by my foreign
correspondent, I wish it to be understood that I claim :-
1. In spring-motors the application of coiled spring-blades strengthened by
auxiliary blades substantially as described.
2. In spring motors the combination of two spiral springs coiled in opposite
directions and acting on the same shaft, substantially as described
3. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the new spring-
motor, substantially as described and illustrated by the drawings.
In witness whereof I the said Herbert John Haddan have hereunto set
my hand and seal this twentieth day of October AD 1882.