IMPROVEMENTS IN PAPER- MAKING MACHINERY
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Louis Jullion, of Tynemouth, in the County of
Northumberland, Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PAPER-
MAKING MACHINERY."-A communication from abroad by John Hoyt, of
Cleveland, Ohio, in the United States of America, a foreigner residing
abroad.
Sealed the 5th March, 1861, and dated the 18th October 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Louis Jullion at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th October 1860.
I, JOHN LOUIS JULLION, of Tynemouth, in the County of Northumberland,
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PAPER-MAKING MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention of improvements in paper-making machinery relates to a
novel arrangement of machinery for supplying pulp to the machine, and has
for object to supply the pulp at all times in proper quantities dependent
upon and in proportion to the speed of the machine. It is well known among
paper manufacturers, that if the speed of the machine alters, and the supply of
the pulp remains constant, the result will be paper of varying thicknesses,
instead of one of uniform thickness. In order to obviate this inconvenience it
is proposed to adapt an elevating apparatus to the pulp vat, and to drive this
apparatus by gearing connected with or actuated by some of the working parts
of the machine, so that at whatever speed the machine may be driven the

page_text: elevator will be driven at a proportionate speed. A self-acting valve provided
with a float is also adapted to the pulp vat or cistern, for the purpose of main-
taining the pulp at one uniform level. Various kinds of elevating apparatus
may be employed, but the most convenient for the purpose will be either-an
archimedean screw or an endless chain of buckets, but care must be taken that
the pulp be not delivered to the machine in splashes, but allowed to run gently
to the cylinder.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Louis Jullion in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th April 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN LOUIS
JULLION, of Tynemouth, in the County of Northumberland, Chemist, send
greeting.
3
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Louis Jullion, Her special license that I, the said John Louis Jullion,
my executors, administrators, and-assigns,-or. such others as I, the said John
Louis Jullion, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with; and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland; the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN PAPER-MAKING MACHINERY," being a communication from John-
Hoyt, of Cleveland, Ohio, in the United States of America, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Louis Jullion, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office-
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Louis Jullion, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):

page_text: This Invention of "Improvements in Paper-making Machinery" relates to a
novel arrangement of machinery for supplying pulp to the paper-making machine;
and has for its object to supply this material at all times in proper quantities
dependent upon and in proportion to the speed at which the machine is driven:
It is well known among paper manufacturers, that if the speed of the machine
alters, and the supply of the pulp remains constant, the result will be paper of
varying thicknesses instead of one uniform thickness. In order to obviate this
inconvenience, an elevating apparatus is adapted to the pulp vat, and this
apparatus is driven by gearing connected with or actuated by some of the
working parts of the machine, so that at whatever speed the paper-making
machine itself may be driven, the elevator will be driven at a proportionate
speed. A self-acting, valve provided with a float is also adapted to the pulp
vat or cistern, for the purpose of maintaining the pulp at one uniform level.
Various kinds of apparatus for raising or elevating the pulp may be employed;
but the most convenient arrangement for the purpose will be either'an archi-
medean screw, or an endless chain of buckets, but care must be taken that the
pulp be not delivered to the machine in splashes, but allowed to run gently to
the wire.
Fig. 1 in the accompanying Drawing is a sectional diagram representing
the arrangement of those parts of a paper machine to which the present
improvements relate. ...
a, a, is the pulp vat, in which is mounted the archimedean screw b. The
shaft of this screw b is supported in a step at the bottom of the vat,. and carries
at its upper end a bevilled toothed wheel c, which gears into and is driven by a
similar toothed wheel d on the axle shaft of the driving pulley e. It is evident,
therefore, that should the speed of the driving pulley e (which by means of the
band and pulley 9 actuates the paper machine) vary, the speed of the
archimedean screw b, which supplies the pulp from the vat a, must also vary.
It will be obvious that the quantity of pulp to be lifted from the vat will be
regulated by the position of the band f on the conical riggers or pullies e and g.
so that by shifting the band f on the pullies, the quantity of pulp supplied to the
machine may be increased or diminished at pleasure, and the thickness of the
paper thereby regulated to a nicety. By the rotation of the screw b, the pulp
will be raised out of the vat a, and be discharged from the upper end of the
screw into a box h, communicating by means of a bent tube or syphon i with
the trough or vat of the paper-making machine at the breast of the wire. In
order to mix the pulp intimately with the requisite quantity of water used on
the wire cloth, the syphon or bent pipe i is provided with a stirrer or agitator k,
which is mounted vertically in the passage, and is made to rotate by means of

page_text: This
suitable gearing connected with the axle shaft of the driving pulley e.
stirrer or agitator is composed of two sets of curved arms, one of which is
fixed to the lower end of a central shaft or spindle, which carries at its upper
end a bevil pinion l. The other set of curved arms is secured to a sleeve shaft,
which surrounds the central shaft, and carries at its upper end another bevil
pinion m. The two pinions and m gear into and are driven by a bevil
wheel n on the driving shaft, and when this latter rotates, the curved arms of
the stirrer or agitator are driven in opposite directions, and by this means the
passage of the syphon i is kept clear from obstruction, and is converted into a
mixing chamber for the whole of the pulp and water that are used in forming
the paper. The level of the pulp in the vat a is maintained by means of a
self-acting valve o of the ordinary construction, suspended by a rod p, from a
vibrating lever 9, the action of which is controlled by a float r suspended from
its opposite end, and which, as the level of the liquid pulp in the vat a varies,
opens or closes the valve as may be required.
Having now described this Invention of "Improvements in Paper-making
Machinery," and having explained the manner of carrying the same into effect,
as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, I claim as the Invention
secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid, the mode herein set forth of
regulating the supply of pulp to paper-making machinery, and of driving or
actuating the machinery or apparatus whereby such pulp is supplied.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Louis Jullion, have hereunto set
my
hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
WILLIAM WATSON,
of Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
JOHN LOUIS JULLION. (L.S.)