An Improved Stud, Solitaire, or Button for Collars, Cuffs, and other Articles of Dress.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec., 1895-Accepted, 4th Jan., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Stud, Solitaire, or Button for Collars, Cuffs, and other
Articles of Dress.
I, EVAN MORGAN LLEWELLYN, of 63, Hannah Street, Porth, Glamorganshire,
Tobacconist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention consists in an improved stud or solitaire for collars, cuffs and
other articles of dress.
The improved stud, solitaire or button which constitutes this invention has a
head which is readily detached from and attached to the shank. The shank which
is furnished with the usual back plate is -shaped. The head of the stud is a
chamber in which is contained a spring. This spring is preferably a piece or block
of india-rubber, but may be a spiral or other suitable spring.
Between the rear end of the spring and the back of the head is a metal disc
which normally bears against the back of the head. The back of the head is
pierced with a horizontal aperture. A groove made at right angles to the said
aperture extends vertically in the inner face of the stud head. Attachment of the
head to the shank is effected as follows.
The shank having been passed through the stud holes, say, of a shirt and a
collar, (or through the stud holes of any other garment) the back of the head is
then presented to the shank the cross-bar of which is then introduced into the
aperture in the back of the head and comes into contact with the disc aforesaid.
Pressure is now exerted on the disc by pressing the head on the shank. The
spring in the head is consequently compressed and the shank end passes in clear of
the rear end of the stud head. The shank being held stationary, the stud head is
turned until the cross-bar on the shank is brought to coincide with the groove in
the inner face of the stud head. The spring then rebounds and the said bar is
shot into the said groove, and the shank and head are locked together.
To detach the head the spring is compressed by pressing the head towards the
shank until the cross-bar of the shank is clear of the groove in the inner face of
the stud head. The stud head is then turned until the cross-bar of the shank
coincides with the aperture in the back of the stud head. The shank is then
withdrawn through the said aperture.
A fixed convex spring plate may be substituted for the block of india-rubber
and have its convex face towards the back of the stud head. Such plate would act
by its flexibility as a spring for locking and unlocking the head and shank. In
this case the disc would be dispensed with.
According to a modification comprised in this invention, the shank is tubular
and contains a spiral spring carrying a disc at its outer end. Projecting rear-wards
from the stud bead is a plunger which extends out through the aperture in the back
of the stud head. The head is locked on the shank by introducing the plunger
into the shank and compressing the spring until the cross-bar of the shank passes
into the head clear of the inner face of the back. The head is then turned until
the cross-bar is shot by the action of the spring into the groove in the inner face
of the back of the stud head.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings is illustrated, at an exaggerated scale, a
collar or cuff stud made in accordance with this invention.

page_text: gisa pran of the shank,
Fig. 2 a horizontal sectional plan of the head.
Fig. 3 is a view of the back of the head.
The shank a which is furnished with the usual back or base plate a¹ is-shaped,
naving a cross-bar a². The head is hollow and constitutes a chamber in which is
a spring c which is preferably a block of india-rubber, but may be a spiral or other
suitable spring.
Between the spring c and the back b¹ of the head, which is rivetted or otherwise
secured in place, is a metallic disc d normally bearing against the inner face of the
back 6 of the head b. An aperture 62 is made through the wall b'. At a right
angle to the aperture 62 is a groove extending into but not through the
wall b¹.
The aperture 62 and groove b³ are in length slightly in excess of the length of
the cross-bar a² of the shank a.
Attachment of the shank to the head is effected in the manner following. The
shank having been passed through the stud holes in, say, a shirt and a collar, the
head is then presented to the shank the cross-bar a of which is then introduced
into the aperture 6³ and comes into contact with the disc d.
Pressure is now exerted on the disc d. The spring c, which is preferably a block
of india-rubber, but may be a spiral or other suitably shaped spring, is thus
compressed and the bar a passed in clear of the wall b¹.
The stud head is then turned until the bar a' coincides with the groove b³ into
which the bar a is then shot by the rebound of the spring c. This having taken
place, the shank a is locked on the head band can only be detached by recom-
pressing the spring c and turning the stud head until the cross-bar a' coincides with
the aperture 2 through which the shank is then withdrawn.
At Figs. 4, 5 and 6 is illustrated, at an exaggerated scale, a modification
according to which the -shaped shank a is tubular and contains a spiral spring a³
which carries at its outer end a disc a. Projecting rear-wards from the stud
bead is a plunger fixed to the head and extending out through the aperture 2
in the back of the head. The head is locked on the shank by introducing the
plunger into the shank a and compressing the spring a³ until the cross-bar a² of
the shank passes into the head clear of the back b. The head is then turned
until the cross-bar a' is, by the action of the spring a³, shot into the groove b³ in
the inner face of the back of the stud head b.
Detachment is made by recompressing the spring a³ and turning the head b until
the cross-bar a' of the shank can be withdrawn through the aperture b².
As adapted for use as a button for fastening vests and other articles of dress,
the construction of the appliance is substantially the same as for a collar or cuff
stud; modification in shape and pattern being made to suit the article of dress for
fastening which the appliance is employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I would have it understood
that I do not claim the broad idea of a detachable head in studs, solitaires and
the like, but what I claim is :-
1. A stud, solitaire or button for fastening collars, cuffs and other articles of
dress; the said stud having a hollow head containing an india-rubber spring such
as c, or its equivalent, and having in its rear end or wall an aperture such as b² and
grooves made at right angles to each other, or approximately so; the shank being
furnished with a cross-bar such as a² (or enlarged end) which, on being pressed
against the spring in the head, or against a disc such as d intervening between the
spring and the rear end of the head, compresses the spring and so enables the
bar a² to be introduced into the head and, after the head has been turned to a
sufficient degree, to become locked in the groove by the rebound of the spring,
substantially as herein before described with reference to Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive, of
the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 2. The modification under which the shank a is tubular and contains a spiral
spring such as a³ and disc a, and the head carries a plunger such as 64; the
arrangement being such that the spring a³ is compressed by the plunger 6* and when
the cross-bar a¹ has passed through the aperture 62 into the head b, locking is
effected by turning the said head until the cross-bar a' (or an enlargement at that
end of the shank) is shot into the groove b³ made at a right angle to the aperture 6³,
or approximately so, substantially as hereinabove described with reference to
Figs. 4 to 6, inclusive, of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 27th day of November 1895.
NICHOLAS WATTS,
Chartered Patent Agent, Bristol.