Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating Brine or other Liquors or Solutions, and Extracting the Salts or other Solid Matters therefrom.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 5th June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 5th Mar., 1895-Accepted, 13th Apr., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating Brine or other Liquors
or Solutions, and Extracting the Salts or other Solid Matters
therefrom.
I, ALFRED CHAPMAN of 17 York Street, Liverpool, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to the evaporation of brine or other liquors or
solutions such for example as caustic liquor and to the extraction of the salts or
other solid matters therefrom, and its chief object is to construct an apparatus for
these purposes in such manner that the operations of evaporation, separation and
extraction shall be continuous and automatic.
According to my invention I employ a double, triple or multiple effect evaporating
apparatus of any suitable construction, the pans or vessels of which have each a
large tube, central or otherwise, down which the liquor after evaporation in the
pan flows; each pan is fed separately with liquor in any convenient manner such
for example as by the arrangement described in the Specification of Chapman and
Vickess No. 11529 of 1890. Each of the large tubes is carried downwards, a
sufficient distance to constitute a Torricellian column. The lower ends of the
tubes or columns terminate in a receiver into which they discharge the brine or
other liquor and the salts or other solid matters as fast as they become separated
by the evaporation in the pans. The receiver should be filled at starting with the
brine or liquor and should be of such capacity that in case all the Torricellian
tubes were filled with liquor abstracted from it the level of the liquor would not be
lowered more than a few inches, and the shape of the receiver should be such that
all the salts or solid matters that come down the tubes may fall to the bottom
without clinging to the sides. At the bottom of the receiver is a screw or other
conveyor to push the precipitated salts or matters to one end where there is an
elevator to raise and deliver the salts into a suitable receptacle while leaving the
mother liquor behind. The overflow from the receiver delivers the superabundant
mother liquor into a tank from which it is returned to the evaporating apparatus
for re-evaporation together with sufficient fresh liquor to make up for the quantity
evaporated. The action is thus continuous and automatic;
As the salt or solid matter separated by evaporation in the different pans will
vary somewhat in size of grain according to the different temperatures at which
the pans work it may in some cases be desirable to keep the results separate; this
can be effected by dividing the receiver into as many compartments as there are
evaporating pans and providing each compartment with its own elevator with or
without a conveyor.
When, as in the case of caustic liquor, the salts or solid matters do not begin to
separate and precipitate until a certain density has been arrived at (which in the
case of caustic liquor is about 51° to 52° Twaddel) the Torricellian columns and
receiver above described need only be applied to those pans in which such density
is attained, and these pans will be fed with liquor from the previous pans of the
multiple effect apparatus.
The height of the pans above the receiver must be such as to make the vertical
distance between the levels of liquor in the receiver and the bottom of the pans not

page_text: less than the height of a column of mother liquor equal to the greatest vacuum that
can be produced in the apparatus.
Dated 5th day of June 1894.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.
:
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating Brine or other Liquors
or Solutions, and Extracting the Salts or other Solid Matters
therefrom.
I, ALFRED CHAPMAN of 17 York Street, Liverpool, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has reference to the evaporation of brine or other liquors or
solutions such for example as caustic liquor and to the extraction of the salts or
other solid matters therefrom, and its chief object is to construct an apparatus for
these purposes in such manner that the operations of evaporation, separation and
extraction shall be continuous and automatic.
According to my invention I employ a double, triple or multiple effect evaporating
apparatus of any suitable construction, the pans or vessels of which have each a
large tube, central or otherwise, down which the liquor after evaporation in the
pan flows; each pan is fed separately with liquor in any convenient manner such
for example as by the arrangement described in the Specification of Chapman and
Vickess No. 11529 of 1890. Each of the large tubes is carried downwards' a
sufficient distance to constitute a Torricellian column. The lower ends of the
tubes or columns terminate in a receiver into which they discharge the brine or
other liquor and the salts or other solid matters as fast as they become separated
by the evaporation in the pans. The receiver should be filled at starting with the
brine or liquor and should be of such capacity that in case all the Torricellian tubes
were filled with liquor abstracted from it the level of the liquor would not be
lowered more than a few inches, and the shape of the receiver should be such that
all the salts or solid matters that come down the tubes may fall to the bottom
without clinging to the sides. At the bottom of the receiver is a screw or other
conveyor to push the precipitated salts or matters to one end where there is an
elevator to raise and deliver the salts into a suitable receptacle while leaving the
mother liquor behind. The overflow from the receiver delivers the superabundant
mother liquor into a tank from which it is returned to the evaporating apparatus
for re-evaporation together with sufficient fresh liquor to make up for the quantity
evaporated. The action is thus continuous and automatic.
As the salt or solid matter separated by evaporation in the different pans will
vary somewhat in size of grain according to the different temperatures at which
the pans work it may in some cases be desirable to keep the results separate, this
can be effected by dividing the receiver into as many compartments as there are
evaporating pans and providing each compartment with its own elevator with or
without a conveyor.
27
When as in the case of caustic liquor the salts or solid matters do not begin to
separate and precipitate until a certain density has been arrived at, (which in the
case of caustic liquor is about 51° to 52° Twaddel) the Torricellian columns and
receiver above described need only be applied to those pans in which such density
is attained, and these pans will be fed with liquor from the previous pans of the
multiple effect apparatus.
.
The height of the pans above the receiver must be such as to make the vertical
distance between the levels of liquor in the receiver and the bottom of the pans not

page_text: less than the height of a column of mother liquor equal to the greatest vacuum that
can be produced in the apparatus.
The accompanying drawing illustrates my invention diagrammatically. A repre-
sents one evaporating pan or vessel of a double, triple or multiple effect evaporating
apparatus, the several pans of which are fed separately in any convenient manner
such for example as by the arraugement described in Specification No. 11529
of 1890. B is the feed pipe to the pan A. C is the large tube down which the
liquor after evaporation in the pan flows; this tube is carried down a sufficient
distance to constitute a Torricellian column; its lower end terminates in the
receiver D. At the bottom of this receiver there may be a screw or other conveyor
(not shown) to push the precipitated salts or matters to one end of the receiver.
E is the elevator for raising the salts or matters and delivering them into a suitable
receiver, while leaving the mother liquor behind. F is the tank in which the
overflow of mother liquor from the receiver D is received and from which it may
be returned to the evaporating apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The apparatus constructed and working substantially as hereinbefore described
for evaporating brine or other liquors or solutions and extracting the salts or other
solid matters therefrom.
Dated this 5th day of March 1895.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.