IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF TREATING AND CLARIFYING SEWAGE UK UTHER 10. IMPURE WATER. PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Hallsworth, of Armley, near Leeds, and
Richard Bailes, of Woodhouse Carr, Leeds, both in the County of
York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF TREATING
AND CLARIFYING SEWAGE
UK UTHER 10.
IMPURE
WATER.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Hallsworth and
Richard Bailes at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 9th October 1874.
We, SAMUEL HALLSWORTH, of Armley, near Leeds, and RICHARD
BAILES, of Woodhouse Carr, Leeds, both in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MODE OF TREATING AND CLARIFYING SEWAGE OR OTHER IMPURE WATERS," to
be as follows :-
For the purpose of treating and clarifying sewage or other impure
waters we employ in our process the liquid or liquor which is obtained

page_text: from beds of iron pyrites, this liquid or liquor being the same as that
obtained for the manufacture or production of
copperas.
The liquid or liquor is and may be obtained in the following manner
from the beds of iron pyrites, or by other suitable processes:-A bed is
made in a slanting direction of puddled clay or other equivalent to
prevent the escape of the liquid or liquor. The clay may be covered
with stone flags or their equivalents, and a drain or drains is or are
made to convey the liquid or liquor from the bed as it percolates
through. A tank or other receptacle of suitable size is employed to
receive the liquid or liquor as it runs from the bed. Iron pyrites are put
on the bed in suitable quantities, and if required may be crushed or
broken small. The iron pyrites remain exposed to the atmosphero and
weather, and in course of time a chemical change takes place. The rain
falling upon them, or water thrown upon them when rain is not sufficient,
produces a liquid or liquor, which liquid or liquor is what we use in our 1
process in clarifying sewage or other impure waters.
The mode of treating sewage or other impure waters with the liquid
or liquor is as follows:-The sewage or other impure water under
treatment may be run into a tank or other suitable receptacle. The
necessary quantity of the herein-before mentioned liquid or liquor is 2
then gradually added, and the whole is then well mixed or agitated.
Other suitable or equivalent means may be employed for mixing the
sewage or other impure waters under treatment with the liquid or liquor.
The sewage or other impure water under treatment becomes "curdled"
or "cracked"; when this occurs it is run off into another tank or tanks, a
in which tank or tanks the impurities are precipitated. The clear water
may be then run off.
The quantity of liquid or liquor employed in the aforesaid clarifying
process varies in accordance with the state of the impurity of the sewage
.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Hallsworth and Richard Bailes in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th April 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, SAMUEL
HALLSWORTH, of Armley, near Leeds, and RICHARD BAILES, of Wood-
house Carr, Leeds, both in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Samuel Hallsworth and Richard Bailes,
Her special licence that we, the said Samuel Hallsworth and Richard
Bailes, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said Samuel Hallsworth and Richard Bailes, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MODE OF TREATING AND CLARIFYING SEWAGE OR OTHER IMPURE WATERS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Samuel Hallsworth and
Richard Bailes, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Samuel Hallsworth and Richard
Bailes, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:-
For the purpose of treating and clarifying sewage or other impure
waters we employ in our process the liquid or liquor which is obtained
from beds of iron pyrites, this liquid or liquor being the same as that
obtained for the manufacture or production of copperas.

page_text: The liquid or liquor is and may be obtained in the following manner
from the beds of iron pyrites or by other suitable processes: -A bed is
made in a slanting direction of puddled clay or other equivalent material
to prevent the escape of the liquid or liquor. The clay may be covered
with stone flags or their equivalents, and a drain or drains is or are
made to convey tho liquid or liquor from the bed as it percolates
through. A tank or other receptacle of suitable size is employed to
receive the liquid or liquor as it runs from the bed.
on the bed in suitable quantities, and if required may be crushed or
broken small. The iron pyrites remain exposed to the atmosphere and
weather, and in course of time a chemical change takes place. The rain
falling upon them, or water thrown upon them when rain is not sufficient,
produces a liquid or liquor, which liquid or liquor is what we use in our
process in clarifying sewage or other impure waters.
Iron pyrites are put
The mode of treating sewage or other impure waters with the liquid
or liquor is as follows:-The sewage or other impure water under
treatment may be run into a tank or other suitable receptacle. The
necessary quantity of the herein-before mentioned liquid or liquor is
then gradually added, and the whole is then well mixed or agitated.
Other suitable or equivalent means may be employed for mixing the
sewage or other impure waters under treatment with the liquid or liquor.
The sewage or other impure water under treatment becomes "curdled"
or "cracked"; when this occurs it is run off into another tank or tanks,
in which tank or tanks the impurities are precipitated. The clear water
may be then run off.
The quantity of liquid or liquor employed in the aforesaid clarifying
process should be varied in accordance with the state of the impurity of
the sewage or other impure water under treatment, and the strength of
the liquid or liquor used in the process.
We will now proceed to describe more fully the treating and clarifying
of sewage or other impure waters.
In treating sewage or other impure waters in which tanning or a
stringent matter is present it is found advantageous to use slacked lime
or gas lime in combination with the liquid or liquor which is obtained
from beds of iron pyrites in about the following proportions:-To
5,000 gallons of the above-named impure waters 4 gallons of the
herein-before mentioned liquid or liquor is added and well mixed

page_text: Having described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim, the
employment of liquid or liquor obtained from beds of iron pyrites, either
separately or in combination with lime or other suitable ingredients, for
the purpose of treating and clarifying sewage or other impure waters,
substantially as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said Samuel Hallsworth and Richard
Bailes, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Sixth day of
April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-five.