Improvements in Valves.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 6th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 17th Oct., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Valves.
ROBERT BLACKETT CHARLTON Jnr. Manors Works Newcastle on Tyne
Engineer I do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is an arrangement for opening & closing & regulating the flow.
through valves & is particularly applicable to reducing valves, stop valves safety,
equilibrium, self closing & cistern ball valves.
The arrangement consists in having attached to the valve lid a piston which
moves freely in a cylinder or chamber & so arranged that when the pressure from
the steam or fluid accumulates in this chamber the valve lid is pressed down & the
valve is closed, or when the pressure is relieved in this chamber the piston with the
valve lid attached rises & the valve is opened.
To accomplish this a small pipe or passage is provided to convey the steam or
fluid from the pressure or inlet side of the valve into the chamber, and another
passage is provided to take away or relieve this pressure, the latter passage may
lead say into the air or into the outlet or low pressure side of the valve.
This relief passage is controlled by a small valve or cock which may be operated
by the hand so that if this small cock is opened the chamber & piston are relieved
of part or of all the pressure & the main valve opens or if the small cock is closed
the pressure accumulates in the chamber & the valve closes.
In the arrangement applied to a reducing valve the small cock or valve is
controlled automatically.
Applied to a safety valve the valve lid is kept down in its seat by the boiler
pressure having access to the chamber & onto the piston, this piston being of
sufficient area & attached to or forming part of the valve lid.
In communication with the chamber is a small or minature safety valve, when the
boiler pressure causes this small safety valve to blow off the effect is first to relieve⭑
the pressure in the chamber & therefore on the piston & this in turn causes the
main valve lid to open & the boiler is relieved. Thus it will be seen that my
invention may be briefly described as, one relatively 'small cock or valve actuating
or controlling a larger valve or in the case of a very large or ponderous valve,
three or more valves may be used, one actuating the other until the largest is at
last operated upon.
Dated this 6th day of November 1895.
.
ROBERT BLACKETT CHARLTON Jnr. Manors Works Newcastle on Tyne
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention consists of improved arrangements to open and close or regulate
:

page_text: reducing valves, self-closing, and other valves, used for steam, water, or other
fluids.
My invention may be described in the following manner:-)
-A piston is attached
to the lid of an ordinary valve, or in the case of a wedge-valve, or say an equilibrium
valve, then a piston is attached to the closing part, or these parts themselves may
form the piston. The piston works freely in a cylinder and is so arranged that
when a preponderance of pressure is allowed to press on one side of this piston the
valve closes, or when on the other side the valve is opened.
This preponderance of pressure is regulated by one or more cocks or valves
suitably arranged and cither worked by hand or by automatic or other
arrangement.
The means by which this preponderance of pressure is controlled or regulated
forms an important part of my invention.
Fig. No. 1 on the accompanying drawing shews my invention in a simple form
and constitutes a reducing valve. "A" on the drawing is the inlet or high pressure
side "B" is the outlet or low pressure side "C" is the seat and "D" the usual
lid. Attached to this lid is the piston "E." the piston works freely in the cylinder
or chamber "G."
Through the piston there is a small hole or passage "H" there is also a larger
passage leading out of the chamber at "J" This passage "J" is opened or closed
by a small valve "K." The small valve "K" is attached to the Hexible disc or
diaphragm "L" and above the disc is the weight "W" which is to keep the disc
down and the small valve " K" open.
It will be seen that the passage "J" continues along "M" and passes down to
the low pressure side of the valve "B."
Now let us suppose it to be a steam pressure reducing valve and we wish to
reduce from 100 lbs. at the inlet side "A" to say 50 lbs. at the low pressure
side "B" The steam entering at "A" will pass on freely to "B" because the
pressure will act on the underside of the piston "E" and keep the valve lid "D"
open, at the same time steam will pass through the small hole "H" but as
it has a free exit through "J" it will not greatly press on the top side of the
piston "E."
When the pressure has risen to say 50 lbs. on the "B" or low side it will also
be about 50 lbs. aloug the free and open passage "M" and on the underside of the
flexible disc "L" If the weight "W" has been correctly adjusted the pressure
will press up the disc "L" and close the small valve "K" the high pressure steam
will now quickly accumulate in the chamber "G" and pressing on the top of the
piston will cause it to fall and close the valve.
. Instead of the weight any other suitable means may be used, such as a spring
and this may be regulated by a screw or in any other convenient manner.
The passage
"H" need not be through the piston but may be arranged through
the body of the valve or through a pipe or pipes inside or outside the valve, this
passage may also have any convenient form of regulator to regulate the amount
of flow.
The small valve "K" may also be in any suitable position and a very neat
arrangement is to have the upper portions of the apparatus such as the small valve
with disc and weight or spring at some distance from the lower portions consisting
of the main valve with piston and chamber, the connection being by two small pipes
representing the passages "J" and "M."
In Fig. 1, only one small valve "K" is shewn but it will be advisable in many
cases such as for large valves to have two or more small valves suitably arranged
so that the smallest of the group is first acted upon, and this opens and shuts a
larger valve and this in turn opens and shuts a still larger one, and so on until a
passage is secured as large as is required.
Fig. 2 is also a reducing valve and shews two small valves at "K" and "N."
"D" is a mitre lid and piston, "H" is the small passage into the
chamber "G" "L" is a plunger (instead of the disc as shewn in. Fig. 1)" W "is

page_text: "
a spring to press the plunger "L" down so that the small valve “K” may be
kept open.
$6
The action may be described as follows:-When the pressure increases on the
low pressure side of the valve at "B" to the pressure desired, it will press freely
through the passage "M" and press on the plunger "and push the plunger
outwards, this movement of the plunger will close the small valve "K" and this
will also close the somewhat larger valve "N" the valves "K" and "N being
closed the high pressure will accumulate in the chamber "G" and close the main
valve "D" which will effectually stop the passage to the low pressure side.
"
If the pressure falls on the low pressure side then the pressure will also fall
which is pressing out the plunger "L," the spring "W" will then press in the
plunger and the small valve "K" will be opened, the valve "N" will also open
and the pressure will thus be quickly relieved from the chamber "G" this will
relieve the pressure on the piston and valve lid "D" which will open, and the
pressure can pass on again to the low pressure side "B" until it is sufficiently high
again to close the valve.
Fig. 3 represents my invention applied to a ball valve and suitable for regulating
the flow of water into a cistern or tank. Let us say that "A" is the inlet from
the water supplying pipe and "B" the outlet into the cistern "S" is the lever
and "W" the ball or float, "D" is the valve lid closing on a seat "C," "D" also
forms a piston and fits freely in the chamber "G" it may fit so easily that a slight
leakage may pass it into the chamber "G" or there may be any small passage
leaking into the chamber such a small passage is shewn at "H."
"
Through the valve lid "D" is a passage "J"this passage is opened or closed
by a small valve "K" and "K" is connected by "N to the lever "S."
"
Now if the float ball "W" falls the small valve "K" will be pushed up and
will open, the larger valve "D" will also follow and will also open, and the
water will pass freely through into the cistern.
When the float and lever rise, then the small valve "K" will be drawn down,
and the larger one "D" following the flow will be stopped.
"
It will be seen that as here shewn it may be said that there are two operations
tending to close or open the larger valve "D" thus when the apparatus is closing
the small valve "K" tends to draw down the larger one "D," also the small
valve will close the passage "J" this causes the pressure passing through say
the passage "H to accumulate in the chamber "G" and press down the piston
and valve "D.” Or when the float and lever is opening the apparatus, the small
valve is pushed up which opens the passage "J" and any pressure in the
chamber "G" is relieved therefore the pressure on the top of the piston is
relieved. There may also be a wing or wings "R" on the connection "N" so
that when "N" rises, the wing or wings will also press upon the large valve "D."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is,
The arrangements for opening and closing and regulating the flow through
valves as set forth in the foregoing.