IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBES, BEING A SUBSTI- TUTE FOR THE PAPER TUBES USED IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING FRAMES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Whitaker, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBES, BEING A SUBSTI-
TUTE FOR THE PAPER TUBES USED IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING FRAMES."
Sealed the 4th April 1879, and dated the 13th November 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Whitaker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th November 1878.
HENRY WHITAKER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN TUBES, BEING A SUBSTITUTE FOR THE PAPER TUBES USED IN SPINNING AND
DOUBLING FRAMES."
The object of this Invention is the construction and application of a tube to be
used upon the spindles of spinning and twining or doubling frames to act as a sub-
stitute for the paper tube now used for building the cop upon, the advantage being
greater durability and certainty of grip or hold upon the spindle, whereby it is
rendered possible to spin qualities of yarn upon the mule which have hitherto been
impracticable.
Now this Invention consists of a split steel or other suitable metal tube which is
by preference formed out of a flat piece of metal afterwards curled up into the
tubular form, the widest end of this tube being by preference corrugated to assist in
securing the same upon the spindle and to facilitate the commencement of the
winding of the cop thereupon.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Whitaker in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th May
1879.
HENRY WHITAKER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN TUBES, BEING A SUBSTITUTE FOR THE PAPER TUBES USED IN SPINNING AND
DOUBLING FRAMES."
The object of this Invention is the construction and application of a tube to be
used upon the spindles of spinning and twining or doubling frames, to act as a
substitute for the paper tube now used for building the cop upon, the advantage
being greater durability and certainty of grip or hold upon the spindle, whereby it
is rendered possible to spin qualities of yarn upon the mule which have hitherto
been impracticable.
My Invention consists in forming a taper tube either from a flat piece of metal
by curling it into such shape or in any other convenient manner. In order to
obtain the necessary grip upon the spindle I split such tube wholly or partially
along its length, either in course of manufacture as herein before mentioned or sub-
sequently. The joint so formed may either be parallel with the axis of the tube or
take more or less of a spiral course around such axis as my be most convenient.
And.in order that this my said Invention may be more readily understood and
carried into practical effect I have hereunto annexed a Sheet of Drawings illustrative
of the same, in which Fig. 1 is an elevation of a mule spindle, shewing one modifi-
cation of my improved cop tube applied thereto, drawn about full size. Fig. 2 is a
detached view, enlarged, of the same cop tube, in which it will be seen that the
tube is split from end to end with the joint A parallel with the axis of the tube;
Fig. 3 illustrates a similar tube, that is, split from end to end, but with the joint A
taking a spiral course around the axis of the tube; Figs. 4 and 5 are modifications
which will be hereinafter referred to.
The joint should be what is technically known as a "butt" or "jump" joint (see
Fig. 2a which is a cross section of Fig. 2 on line a, b), the object being to get a tube
which whilst capable of yielding to grip the spindle shall present a surface as smooth
as possible and free from any projections which would cut or fray the yarns such as
would be the case with a lap joint. prefer to make the surfaces of the joint in
contact or as nearly in contact as possible with the same object, although if the
edges of such joint were slightly turned inwards, it will be obvious that they might
be separated some distance without any detrimental results. The grip on the
spindle may be still further assured by corrugating the lower part of the tube, as
seen at B, Fig. 2, or as seen in Fig. 3, where the corrugations B are formed as a
continuous screw thread, or the whole length of the tube may be corrugated, as seen
in Figs. 5 and 6.
These corrugations also facilitate the commencement of the building of the cop
upon the tube.
In Figs. 4 and 5, I illustrate a modification of my Invention in which, instead of
or in addition to corrugating the lower end of the tube, as herein before described, I
form out of the substance of the tube a series of spring pieces C, Fig. 4, by partially
punching or cutting through the tube, the spring or tongue projecting inwards.
When the cop tube is put upon the spindle the spring pieces are forced out to their
original position and materially assist in holding the tube upon the spindle. I find
the piercing of the tube either in this manner or by any indentations, holes, or slots,
advantageous, as it facilitates the dying or bleaching of the cop by allowing the dye
or bleaching liquor more ready access to the substance of the cop from the inside of
the tube. And in furtherance of this object 1 sometimes form the tubes with
alternate spring pieces C and perforations D (formed by punching or cutting out the
spring pieces). The tube in this case should either be made of non-corrosive metal
or plated or otherwise covered with some anti-corrosive substance or material.

page_text: I have found that with my improved cop tubes I am enabled to spin qualities of
yarn upon the mule which have hitherto been impracticable, owing to the greater
durability and certainty of grip of my improved tubes than is possible with any
description of paper tube.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, together with the best methods with which I am acquainted for carrying the
same into practical effect, I would here remark that I am aware a metal tube has
been used for spinning weft with a wide slot to allow the shuttle tongue to press
upon the cop in the subsequent process of weaving, and therefore I make no claim to
metal cop tubes so formed, but what I claim is,-
1st. The improved cop tube formed with a "butt" or "jump" joint, wholly or
partially along its length, substantially as hereinbefore described, and illustrated on
the accompanying Drawing.
2nd. The improved cop tube, consisting of a taper tube, slit or joint A, corruga-
tions B, spring pieces C, and perforations D, substantially as hereinbefore described,
and illustrated on the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Whitaker, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy nine.
HENRY WHITAKER. (L.S.)