matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHRONOGRAPHS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Douglas of Stourbridge in the
County of Worcester, Watchmaker, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CHRONOGRAPHS
JJ
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Douglas at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th May 1883.
WILLIAM HENRY DOUGLAS of Stourbridge in the County of Worcester Watch.
Maker. IMPROVEMENTS IN CHRONOGRAPHS
"
This Invention is applied to Chronographs having an additional minute hand
and consists in using a wheel with teeth cut on the edge and a similar number of
V shaped contrate teeth cut on the surface. A flat spring with a pip or stud upon
it falling into the contrate teeth presses the wheel up to its bearing and retains it
in position. Upon the arbor of this wheel the minute hand is fitted registering the
minutes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Henry Douglas in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th November 1883.............
WILLIAM HENRY DOUGLAS of Stourbridge in the County of Worcester Watch
Maker "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHRONOGRAPHS
This Invention is applied to Chronographs having an additional minute hand
and consists in using a wheel with teeth cut on the edge and a similar number of
V shaped contrate teeth cut on the surface-A flat spring with a pip or stud upon
it falling into the contrate teeth presses the wheel up to its bearing and retains it
in position Upon the arbor of this wheel the minute hand is fitted registering the
minutes
Referring to the Drawings Figure 1. is an enlarged view of a portion of a
Chronograph shewing the position of those parts which I claim as my improve-
ments (a.) is the wheel with the teeth (b. b.) cut upon its edge these teeth may be
of the form shewn for of any other usual, forin fori cog-wheels used in, clock work
(c. c.) are the contrate teeth cut on the surface similar in number to the teeth on
the edge of the wheel
Figure 2. is a view of the underside of the plate (d.) shewing the spring (e.) with
the pip or stud (f.) upon its end arranged so that when the plate (d.) is in position
as shewn in Figure 1: the spring (e.) will press the pip (f.) into the contrate
teeth (c. c.) and keep the wheel up to its bearing and retain it in position
The minute hand being placed upon the arbor of the wheel (a.) the arrangement
of the parts is completed
:
1
G
M. A
Having thus 'described the nature of the said invention and the manner in which
the same is to be carried into effect;
I claim without limiting myself to these precise details the Improvements in
Chronographs which have an additional minute hand as herein more fully set forth
and specified
In witness whereof I the said William Henry Douglas have hereunto set my
band and seal this twenty third day of November in the year of our Lord
one thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
T
1./1
TTTTTTTAM
HENDY ROUS
.1
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPRING PUNCHES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Sykes at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd August 1883.
GEORGE SYKES of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPRING PUNCHES'
"
This invention relates to the construction or manufacture of the spring punches
employed by shoe-makers and others for punching holes in leather, the objects of
the invention being to make a cleaner cut and to prevent the dulling of the cutting
edge of the punch, to enable the same instrument to cut different sized holes, and
to cut through wire or other rivets.
The main parts of the spring punch are made like those ordinarily employed
consisting of two jaws hinged together somewhat like a pair of pliers and provided
with a spring between the handles. In the ordinary spring punches the lower
jaw is made with a flat surface and the upper one with a hollow cutting punch,
and the consequence is that the cutting edge of the punch soon becomes dull.
According to my improvement I screw into the lower jaw a pin or stud with a
flat top which just fits inside the hollow of the cutting punch and by these means
a clean cut is made and the edge of the punch is not liable to become dulled or
injured. And in order to enable the same instrument to cut holes of different sizes,
I make these pins or studs as well as the punches removable, so that (say) three
different sizes of studs and punches being provided, either size may be fitted into
the same pair of jaws as may be required and fixed therein by screws. And in
order to enable the same instrument to be employed for cutting wire or other
rivets, I form a cutting edge near to the hinge joint for that purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NAIL PLATES TO BE USED IN MAKING NAILS FOR SHOEING HORSES CAMELS AND OTHER BEASTS OF DRAUGHT AND BURDEN
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Stanford and Hector Payne
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th July 1883.
THOMAS STANFORD and HECTOR PAYNE of Birmingham in the County of
Warwick. Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NAIL PLATES
TO BE USED IN MAKING NAILS FOR SHOEING HORSES CAMELS AND OTHER BEASTS
OF DRAUGHT AND BURDEN."
In the manufacture of nail plates used for the above purpose the plate has
hitherto been rolled with a flange at one of its sides which flange when the nail
blank is cut from the plate is intended to form the head of the nail but in practice
it is found that iron of this section does not produce a properly formed head the
one side being unequal to the other Our Improvements consist in rolling the iron
with a flange on both of its sides so that the cross section of the plate is of
a T form thus providing sufficient metal to shape the head evenly and of any
size required
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWer and apparatus there
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Caleb Barker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November 1883.
"
CALEB BARKER, of Shadwell, near Thetford, in the county of Norfolk, Estate
Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWer and apparatus therefor
This invention relates to the construction of an apparatus for obtaining motive
power.
In carrying out my improvements a number of balls, rollers or weights are
placed in a cylinder so divided that the weights on the one side roll, slide or fall
from near the centre to the circumference by travelling down an inclined plane
while those on the other side are conveyed from the circumference to the centre
also by travelling down an inclined plane consequently one side of the cylinder is
always weighted more than the other so that it is caused to revolve on its own
axis.
More than one cylinder may be employed
IMPROVEMENTS IN BELTS, CORSETS OR SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Harris Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th May 1883. Communicated to
him from abroad by, A. Bridgman of the City and State of New York, United
States of America,
HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BELTS, CORSETS OR SIMILAR
ARTICLES," [a communication to him from abroad by, A. Bridgman of the City and
State of New York, United States of America,]
This invention relates to belts, corsets and similar articles to be worn upon the
body
Heretofore considerable inconvenience has been experienced in the sale of belts
corsets and similar articles, owing to the fact that a large stock of the same has
had to be kept in order to be able to readily supply persons of different sizes; and
in many cases, merchants have refused to purchase electric belts owing to the amount
of capital required to keep the various sizes in stock
The object of the said invention is to obviate these difficulties and to provide a
belt or other article which can be adjusted as desired, within certain limits, to suit
different persons.
According to the said invention the belt is preferably composed of three parts,
that is to say, two pieces which surround the front and sides and a back piece, this
back piece is preferably about six inches in width and is connected to the said side
pieces by laces or in any other manner so that it may be easily removed. To the
free end of one of the side pieces are attached a suitable number of straps about six
inches in length and attached to the adjacent end of the other side piece are a
corresponding number of buckles. Suppose a belt when complete to measure thirty
inches in circumference, by removing the said back piece and lacing or otherwise
fastening together the two ends of the side pieces which were formerly attached to
the said side pieces, the belt is reduced in circumference by say six inches; if it is
necessary to reduce the size still further this can be done by means of the aforesaid
straps and buckles for say another six inches.
I sometimes attach to one of the side pieces a flap adapted to prevent the straps
from coming against the body of the wearer,

page_text: It is obvious that by means of the arrangement herein before described by keeping
two or at most three sizes in stock a merchant will be able to fit belts to persons of
any ordinary size.
Although I have described this invention with reference to a belt it is obvious
that the improvements may be applied with slight modifications to corsets or similar
articles of apparel.
I do not confine myself to the number of parts or the dimensions herein given as
both may be varied without departing from the nature of the said invention.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR GIVING AN ALARM AND IGNITING A LAMP AT ANY DESIRED TIME
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Edwards at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th May 1883. A communication to
him from abroad by Aimé Richard, of Morez, in the Republic of France
EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co:-, Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 40, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR GIVING AN ALARM AND IGNITING
A LAMP AT ANY DESIRED TIME [a communication to him from abroad by
Aimé Richard, of Morez, in the Republic of France]
"
This invention relates to apparatus connected with any ordinary alarum clock,
in such manner that at any time previously determined, an alarm is given by
the sound of which a sleeper is awakened, and at the same time a lamp is ignited.
The improved apparatus consists of a vertical vessel or reservoir forming a lamp
containing any readily inflammable volatile spirit and closed with a moveable
This reservoir is adjusted upon
stopper at its upper end in which is fitted a wick.
a plate or support which also carries at a distance properly adjusted, a vertical
tube closed at its upper end by a cap fixed by two pins working in bayonet joints.
In the tube is fitted a striking rod or bar having a triangular tempered point at its
upper end and forced upward by a spring contained in the tube.
The lower end of the striking bar projects through the bottom of the tube and
has formed or fixed upon it an inverted conical boss or ring.
From the side of the tube at its upper end is arranged a lateral opening or
nozzle directed toward the wick of the lamp already described.
The whole apparatus described is fixed by a bracket against a board or support
which also carries a hinged spring catch turning upon a centre and provided with
a key or handle in such manner that when the catch is turned into a horizontal
position it retains and holds fast the conical ring upon the spring striking bar
when the latter is forced down.
Inside the moveable cap upon the upper end of the tube is arranged a detonator
of any suitable material of the well known kinds.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The striking bar being forced down

page_text: and retained by the spring catch as described, and the wick of the lamp being
opposite to the lateral opening from the tube, the alarum clock is adjusted so that
at any d-termined hour it releases the catch when the striking bar is forced
suddenly up and explodes the detonator making a sufficiently loud noise. At the
same time the flame from the detonator escapes through the lateral opening in the 5
tube and ignites the wick of the lamp.
IMPROVEMENTS IN Tricycles and especially "Sociables
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Leigh at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th April 1883.
THOMAS LEIGH of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
TRICYCLES AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES
"
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN
Tricycles and especially "Sociables" have one great objection that they cannot
be brought through an ordinary door-way without being taken to pieces. Now my
invention is designed to enable even a sociable to be brought through the narrowest
door-way. My improvements consist―
1 in making the main transverse frame telescopic, so that it can be pulled out,
and in, at pleasure-as however there are several difficulties in the way of an
ordinary telescopic joint I form the bar of a right and left handed screw joined in
the middle, and of two long slieves fitted with female screws over it forming tubular
continuations, which by turning the inner screw, by a handle in the middle can
be screwed out and in. The end of the male screw has a piston working in tubular
slieve as a support.
2nd in attaching the treadles to the counter shaft by a locking screw, so that the
treadles can be immediately disconnected from the counter shafts at each end, or
from the wheel shafts in case of direct action.
3rd in attaching the wheel shafts and if desirable the countershafts to a downward
continuation of the slieve by means of a socket joint, arranged to swivel at right
angles, but to be locked in either position by a spring catch and when in working
position by a bearing also attached to the slieve. By this means the wheels can be
folded back against the transverse frame.
4th I employ wrapping connections, such as straps and cone pulleys, or other
cquivalent connection between the wheel axle and counter-shaft so that while the
counter shaft remains in situ the wheel can be swivelled round.
5th to enable the tricycle to round curves, yet be driven at each end, I make the
cone pulley loose on the axle, but locked to the wheel by ratchet and pawl, or spring
stop mechanism, so that the wheel can be driven by the gearing, but yet one wheel
go faster than the other in turning, the pawl or spring catch sliding over the sloping
faces of the ratchet teeth.
6th I brake by means of a brake band and pulley on the side of the wheel

page_text: right and left handed screw, so as to be rigid, yet allow the screw shaft to revolve
in bearings in same, and a second part capable of swivelling at right angles to same.
By this means the bind wheel, and front wheel if there be four, can be folded so as
to allow of them to stand alongside the main wheels.
To fold up a sociable therefore all that is required is to unlock the wheel axles 5
and back-bone and fold them back alongside the transverse frame-to fold up a
single seat tricycle the locking nuts have to be loosed and the treadle dropped-
when the wheels can be at once screwed in, so as to reduce the width of the tricyclo
to less than two thirds its former dimensions.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES OR APPARATUS FOR SCRAPING AND SCRUBBING SHIPS BOTTOMS AND SIDES UNDER WATER WHILST AT SEA
Year: 1883

page_text: -
'
LETTERS. PATENT to George Walter Mallet of 12 Morden Grove West
Greenwich Kent for an Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES OR
APPARATUS FOR SCRAPING AND SCRUBBING SHIPS BOTTOMS AND SIDES UNDER
WATER WHILST AT SEA
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Walter Mallet at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th February 1883.
GEORGE WALTER MALLET of 12 Morden Grove West Greenwich Kent
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES OR APPARATUS FOR SCRAPING AND SCRUBBING
SHIPS BOTTOM'S AND SIDES UNDER WATER WHILST AT SEA.
A metal cylender, having in its centre a horizontal axle of wood with propeller
at either end, inside, and fastened to the cylender, the whole revolving on an iron
shaft.
The scrapers, the same length as the cylender and three or four in number made
of wood, baving steel irons running obliquely from its sides, the irons thus placed
will assist in the revolving powers and having steel guards at either ends placed at
right angles to the sides will enable the machine to work easily without griping,
the scraping irons as well as the guards being rounded at the ends, will not receive
an impediment by contact with edges of ships plating, when required, the scrappers
are removed and replaced by scrubbers the same size and shape as the scrapers, also
of wood but covered with bass, the scrapers and scrubbers are kept on the
cylender by means of screws at the corners
The machine is then lowered over the bow by a line, and also under the controle
of ropes from the starboard and port sides, will operate from stem to stern and
from keel to water-line, the motive power being derived from the motion of the
ships progress through the water.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Walter Mallet in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th August
1883.
GEORGE WALTER MALLET of 12 Morden Grove West Greenwich Kent
SCRAPING & SCRUBBING SHIPS BOTTOMS & SIDES UNDER WATER WHILST AT SEA
My invention is a metal Cylender about three feet long and fifteen inches
diameter having propellers at either end inside and fastened to the Cylender, the
-whole revolving on an iron shaft
The Scrubbers are four in number made of wood two inches short of the length
of the cylender having bass running obliquely from the sides, the scrubbers are
-fastened to the cylender by means of screws at the corners. When required the
apparatus is lowered over the side, the fore rope being run through the bawse
pipe and the after ropes to the starboard and port sides, the ships progress through
the water will cause the machine to revolve and rise up to the vessels bottom and
_sides and the starboard & port lines running over a rail winch will enable the
scrubber to work evenly its own length and from the keel to the water line, when
dow, the bow line is-let-out-another length and the operation repeated
AN IMPROVEMENT IN INK SUPPLYING PEN-HOLDERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leopold Beral Bertram at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th February 1883.
LEOPOLD BERAL BERTRAM of 40. Westbourne Park Villas Bayswater in the
County of Middlesex AN IMPROVEMENT IN INK SUPPLYING PEN-HOLDERS
The object of this invention is to construct or arrange an ink reservoir within a
holder or casing that it can be pushed forward to permit of a nozzle opening and
ink to flow to feed a nib or other writing point and then to return under the
action of a spring, the return closing the nozzle to confine the remaining ink in the
reservoir
For the purpose of my invention I form a tubular stem or reservoir with a slit
nozzle at one end and an opening at the other said opening being closed by a screw
or other cap or plug. Near the nozzle at about where the slit terminates I form
an incline or shoulder to come into contact with a projecting ring or bottom edge
of the outer casing for closing the two lips of the nozzle together Between the
reservoir and the outer casing I arrange a spring which can be compressed by a
pushing action upon or against the head or end of the reservoir such pushing action
removing the incline on shoulder of the nozzle from the projecting ring of the
outer casing when the two lips open as the nozzle moves forward to open the
passage from the reservoir to the nib-the tip of the nozzle just touching the nib
and charges it with ink
Instead of the reservoir being pushed from the head or end a button or other
contrivance can be fitted to the side
IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS OR SYPHONS FOR DRAWING ACID FROM CARBOYS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES WHERE LIQUID HAS TO BE SYPHONED OFF
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Longshaw at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th October 1883.
JAMES LONGSHAW of Salford in the county of Lancaster
" IMPROVEMENTS IN
PUMPS OR SYPHONS FOR DRAWING ACID FROM CARBOYS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
WHERE LIQUID HAS TO BE SYPHONED OFF
"
Accidents frequently occur in pouring acid out of carboys, and it is very
desirable to syphon it out expeditiously and without risk of spilling. Now my
invention is designed to accomplish this and is applicable for drawing or syphoning
other liquids from other containers.
I form a tube just fitting into the mouth of the carboy of any suitable material
unaffected by the liquid to be drawn, and having a valve seat and simple ball or
other valve at its bottom. Round this tube I place a ring or sleeve fitting the top
of the carboy, or in the case of barrels the part surrounding the bung, or with
other receptacles some salient part, so as to hold the said tube firmly. In this tube
I place a piston with tubular piston-rod open at lower end, and its upper end bent
in form of a syphon. These must also be made of material proof against the liquid
to be drawn. The main tube is preferably narrowed at the top to form a bearing
for the piston rod or syphon.
The invention is not necessarily confined to the exact details above given, as the
syphon may be stationary and a plunger or piston worked by a handle placed
between the walls of the inside tube which forms the syphon and the walls of the
outside tube. The inner tube may be attached at top and bottom to the outer
tube but in such a way at the bottom as to allow of the liquid rising in the tube
and surrounding the inner tube until expelled by the piston.
A tap could be attached to the end of the syphon, which by being partly open to
let the air escape would allow the syphon to be charged and afterwards used to
regulate or stop the syphon.
The mode of action is as follows:
The tube is placed in the carboy or container with the piston drawn up near to
the top of the tube or the piston may be need to dra into and fill the tuba

page_text: carrying it. The piston is now quickly pressed down. The liquid in the main
tube cannot escape except up the syphon. The syphoning is thus established and
goes on until the carboy is emptied to the bottom. It is needless to say the
outside leg of the syphon must be the longest as that is true of all syphons, and
in this case the syphoning being once effected one leg of the syphon practically !
extends, as the level of the liquid gets low, to the valve at the bottom of the main
tube.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO WARPING MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Marshall and Joshua Holt
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th June 1883.
WILLIAM MARSHALL, of the firm of Marshall, Kaye and Marshall, of Ravens-
thorpe in the county of York Manufacturers, and JOSHUA HOLT of the same
place, Warper "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO WARPING MACHINES
"
This invention has reference to warping machines employed for the well known
purpose of unwinding yarn off bobbins (placed on a creel) onto drums. In practice
it is found that when the drums or cylinders of the warping machine have been
stopped that the momentum given to the bobbins upon the creel causes the said
bobbins to revolve one or two revolutions thereby causing a considerable length of
"Black" between the creel and the cylinders which is very objectionable and
neccessary to avoid. Our invention is intended to keep each length of thread at
the same tension and prevent the forination of "slack" when the machine stops;
which we accomplish by placing between the creel and the winding drums an
adjustable reed each end of which is placed in suitable framework and capable of
sliding up and down in slots or openings formed therein, so that when the warping
machine is stopped and ceases to receive the additional lengths of thread delivered
by the one or more additional revolutions of the bobbins, the reed which has
hitherto been suspended in the framework by the tension of the threads will begin
to descend in the slots of the frame, and thus take up the slack thread in the samo
proportion as it is delivered, consequently an equal tension of the yarn is main-
tained and "slack" avoided One end of a weighted cord or chain passing over a
pulley is connected to the reed so as to counterbalance it.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFE RAFTS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Hamlyn Williams at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st October 1883.
ALFRED HAMLYN WILLIAMS, of Clapham Road, in the County of Surrey,
Gentleman, IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFE RAFTS,
My Invention relates to improvements in life rafts, and consists in constructing
the raft in three or more portions, consisting of air-tight chambers or compartments,
which are so hinged, or connected together, that when closed up they form a seat,
and when opened out they form a raft, the said portions being retained or secured
in their open position by suitable hinge joints, and by bars pivoted or hinged, at
one end, to one of the compartments and held in place, and secured to the other
compartments by fastening contrivances.
One of the outside compartments or chambers is provided with a fixed bulwark
which forms the back of the seat, and the other outside compartment is provided
with a hinged bulwark.
Between any or all of the compartments I fit or arrange bags or sacks of canvas,
or other suital le material, and provide the same, at bottom, with foot boards, on
which persons may stand, and these sacks or bags, and their footboards, are so
arranged that, when the raft is closed up to form a seat, they are folded and lie
between the compartments. Or lattice work, or wood framing, may be arranged
either at top, or at bottoin, between the compartments, on which persons may
stand or sit, and this lattice or wood framing is also arranged to close up when the
raft is to be used as a seat.
One of the air tight chambers or compartments may be arranged to carry a
mast, sails and oars, provision being made in one of the compartments to step the
mast.
IN SIZING WOOLLEN WARPS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Millo at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th August 1883.
FREDERICK MILLO of Manchester in the County of Lancaster.
IN SIZING WOOLLEN WARPS
"
"IMPROVEMENTS
This invention relates to the sizing of woollen warps and consists principally in
the use for such purpose of a solution of potato flour or starch in boiling water, the
said solution being made and used in the following manner.
I take a cast iron boiler, or other suitable vessol and I introduce therein a steam
pipe of about one inch in diameter, with an open end, but provided with a stop
cock.
I partly fill the boiler or other vessel with water and turn on the steam direct
into the water. I then add the potato flour in the proportion of about one pound
of potato flour to forty pounds of water.
This mixture must be kept constantly stirred until it boils, and after it has
boiled for about four or five minutes it is ready for use.
Whilst using this size in the dressing machine (commonly called in Yorkshire
"Slasher ") the size must be kept almost at a boiling temperature, and this must
be done not by means of a perforated pipe, but by means of a closed pipe, so
that none of the condensed steam can get into the size which would dilute it
and cause irregular sizing, and care must also be taken that no size is left in the
trough overnight.
For some kinds of goods the proportions above given may be varied as will be
readily understood by the workman in charge of the sizing machine.
The substitution of a boiling solution of potato starch in the manner above
described for the animal size or glue usually employed for this purpose, will be
found to effect a great economy in cost, and also to dispense with the unpleasant
odour occasioned by the use of the animal size or glue.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS AND OTHER PRESSURE GAUGES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sir David Salomons, Baronet, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd June 1883.
Sir DAVID SALOMONS of Broomhill Tunbridge Wells in the County of Kent,
Baronet, "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS AND OTHER PRESSURE GAUGES
"
This invention relates to improvements in gas pressure gauges used for
ascertaining and indicating the pressure of gas as it is supplied from the main
supply pipe to the consumer in order that any undue pressure may be reduced and
regulated in its passage through the meter to the burners.
For this purpose according to one part of my improvements I arrange three
tubes communicating with each other at their lower ends. One of these tubes
contains a plunger capable of adjustment within the tube by means of a screw or
otherwise for the purpose of adjusting the level of the water in the other tubes.
One of the three tubes is open to the atmosphere and the third is connected with
the main gas supply pipe and is furnished with a stop cock to cut off the gas when
required.
The stop cock or valve may be closed and the tube open to the atmosphere
closed also for making the apparatus portable when required to move it from one
place to another for reading the scale or otherwise
The scale is mounted so as to slide between either two of the tubes for rough
adjustment if necessary before final adjustment by means of the plunger to get a
reading of difference of levels at a glance.
The level of the water can be adjusted by the plunger without moving the
scale as a rule. With mercury this gauge may be used to measure water levels or
pressures.
IMPROVED PHOTOMETER
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred James Beer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1883.
ALFRED JAMES BEER, of the City of Canterbury "IMPROVED PHOTOMETER
My improved photometer for ascertaining the relative value or illuminating power
of electric light, gas, oil, or other methods or systems of lighting as applied to
streets, factories, offices, domestic and other purposes, consists mainly as follows:-
The instrument consists of a plane table or disc, with an indicator supported on
tripod or other stand, which disc is so constructed as to assume a level position
independent of uneveness of surface of land or other causes to throw it out of
level, the indicator being erected perpendicular to the axis of the disc from whence
the shadows of light are read off.-The form of adjustment consists in a weighted
rod or pendulum acting with a universal or similar joint.
In my Invention what is to be noted is the method of determining the relative
value of different lights by means of an instrument as described.

page_text: C, tripod
D, pendulum, terminating in weight E. The instrument consists of a plane
table or disc A, with an indicator B, supported on tripod or other stand C, which
disc A is so constructed as to assume a level position independent of unevenness of
surface of land or other causes to throw it out of level.-The indicator B being
erected perpendicular to the axis of the disc A, from whence the shadows of light
are read off.
The form of adjustment shown in the Drawings consists in a weighted rod or
pendulum working in a socket joint.-A gimble joint or other suitable joint can be
used for this purpose, for adjusting the table.
16
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner same is to be performed or carried out in practice,
I hereby declare that I claim the said Invention for Improved photometer
wherein the important and peculiar feature consists in the method of determining
the relative value of different lights substantially as hereinbefore described.
In Witness whereof I the said Alfred James Beer have bereunto set my band
and seal this twenty third-day of July in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.
Witness
T. MORGAN
21 Cockspur Street
Charing Cross
A J BEER (L.S.)
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREW AUGERS AND BORING BITS."
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Heaton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st March 1883.
is
GEORGE HEATON of the firm of William Hunt and Sons of the Brades Steel
Works near Birmingham in the County of Warwick Manufacturers IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREW AUGERS AND BORING BITS."
In the ordinary method of manufacturing screw augers and boring bits the
acting or cutting parts of the said augers and bits are made from flat strips or bars
of steel rectangular in cross section or from nearly flat strips of steel having in
cross section a lozenge shape that is thickest in the middle and tapering towards
the edges. These strips are twisted so as to give them a screw like figure. The
said twisted strips or cutting parts are in the case of augers connected by welding
to those parts of the augers by which rotary motion is given to them and in the
case of boring bits the last named parts are inade by forging from an untwisted
part of the strip. The end of the twisted or acting part of the auger or bit is
ground so as to form the cutting edge of the tool as is well understood.
In manufacturing screw augers and boring bits according to my invention I take
strips or bars of steel nearly flat and either rectangular in cross section or somewhat
thinner at the edges than at the intermediate part. I form near each edge of the
bars or strips a trough like depression nearly semi circular in cross section The
trough shaped depression near one edge is made on that side of the strip opposite
to that on which the other depression is made each face of the strip being convex
near one edge and concave near the other. The strips thus fashioned have in cross
section a figure somewhat resembling the letter S. These strips are twisted into a
screw like figure the other parts of the screw auger or boring bit being made in
the usual way. In the twisting of the said strips or bars the edges of the said
strip or bar are brought into nearly tangential planes that is planes nearly at right
angles to the diameter of the screw There is thus formed on each edge of the
thread of the screw a concave trough or channel along which the cuttings produced
by the action of the tool freely pass and are delivered at the rear of the cutting
part without risk of clogging. The screw augers and boring bits made as described
1

page_text: are ground on their edges in the usual way the said grinding forming a cutting
edge on the whole length of the screw thread. The ends are sharpened in the
usual way.
Augers and boring bits made according to my invention cut more easily than
ordinary augers and boring bits they deliver the cuttings or shavings more readily
and as the edge of the tool cuts as well as the end the cylindrical holes they form
are more exact in figure and smoother than those cut by ordinary augers and
boring bits.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SPINNING, DOUBLING AND TWISTING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Clapham, Thomas
Rochester Whitehead, and Thomas Whitfield Wheelwright at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th June 1883.
JOHN HENRY CLAPHAM, overlooker, THOMAS ROCHESTER WHITEHEAD, and
THOMAS WHITFIELD WHEELWRIGHT, spinners and manufacturers, all three of
Bradford, in the County of York "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
SPINNING, DOUBLING AND TWISTING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES"
This invention relates to that class of Spinning, Doubling and Twisting
machinery known as "Cap frames "-and the improvements consist in constructing
the caps with projecting bottom rings or flanges having circular grooves in which
work travellers; the projecting rings or flanges work within circular openings
made or formed in brackets fitted to each spindle or the openings for each spindle
and cap are made in a rail fitted lengthways of the frame; the travellers work
slightly above the top plate of each bracket or slightly above the top plate of the
rail by which means the wrapping of the loose projecting fibres of the yarn is
obtained, giving more regular spinning doubling or twisting and at a higher speed
of rotation and with less expenditure of labour than hitherto
For this purpose we construct "caps" having at the bottom part projecting rings
or flanges in which are turned or formed grooves in which are placed and work
travellers constructed of wire and having hooks, eyes or twirls, the strength or
thickness of the wire forming the travellers varies according to the different counts
of the yarn to be produced and the drag. to be given.
The projecting hook, eye or twirl of the traveller for each cap works slightly
over the top of the bracket or rail and the ring or flange or the cap slightly within
the circular opening of the bracket or within a circular opening of the rail and the
circular opening is slightly larger in diameter than the projecting ring or flange of
the "Cap"--the front part of each bracket or the front part of each circular
opening in the rail for each spindle is made with a guard or guide leaving an
opening from the guard or guide to the inside of the circular opening in which
works the ring or flange of the "Cap" the thread or threads is or are passed

page_text: through the openings of the brackets or rail when the ends are down and when
piecing up.
In spinning, doubling or twisting the yarn passes from the cap to the hook, eye
or twirl of the wire traveller, through the opening in the bracket or rail over the
edge of the projecting ring or flange to the bobbin or spool giving an uniform drag
to the yarn winding on the bobbin or spool, wrapping in the loose projecting fibres
of the yarn, giving more regular spinning and twisting and at a greater speed
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR BOOTS, LEGGINGS, GLOVES AND SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Julius Boult at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th September 1883. A communi-
cation from Louis Maurier of Montreuil, Bellay in the Republic of France
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR BOOTS, LEGGINGS, GLOVES AND
SIMILAR ARTICLES [a communication from Louis Maurier of Montreuil, Bellay in
the Republic of France]
"
This invention relates to improvements in fastenings for boots shoes, leggings
gloves and the like.
One form of this fastening consists of two independent pieces each furnished at
one end with an eyelet (or its equivalent) for attaching it to the article for which
it is to serve.
The one part, which may be called the female part may be made in two pieces
hinged together, so as to facilitate the use thereof. The front end has an opening
of peculiar shape bounded by curves and presenting a larger diameter in one
direction than in another.
The second, or male, part carries a stud which is free to rotate and corresponds
in shape with the opening of the female part so that when properly adjusted it
will readily pass in or out of said opening, but when turned will be firmly locked
therein
In a modified form of this fastening the female part has two hinged pieces each
with an aperture; by either opening out or folding up this female part the length
of the fastening is readily varied, the stud of the male part passing either through
one or both hinged pieces.
In a further modification the female part has a straight piece on which there is
& spring carrying a tooth or cam; there is another piece with two or more
openings for receiving this tooth, the second piece sliding on the first. At the end
of the second or sliding piece there is provided the aperture for receiving the stud
on the male part. By causing the spring-tooth to engage in different apertures the
length of the fastening is varied.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING OR SCREENING GRAIN AND OTHER SEEDS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Cornelius Cadle at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th July 1883. Partly his own invention
and partly communicated to him from abroad by John T. La Du of Rochester,
Minneapolis, United States America
CORNELIUS CADLE of Wellington Quay City of Dublin Ireland Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING OR SCREENING
GRAIN AND OTHER SEEDS,"-partly my own invention and partly communicated
to me from abroad by John T. La Du of Rochester, Minneapolis, United States
America
This invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of double
separator or screen for removing cockle and seeds from wheat and other grain
applicable also for cleaning and separating foul seeds from flax and other seeds
and for grading or sizing wheat for seed or Millers' use and consists of the com-
bination of two distinct sets of screen beds the first set being much coarser than the
second. Each set is composed of several screen beds say for example from eighteen
in number upwards arranged one above the other in steps in an inclined direction.
The screen beds of each set are removeable so as to admit of their being changed
to suit any size or grade of wheat or other grain or seed to be operated upon. The.
grain or seed is supplied from a loft above into the hopper of the said double screen
and thence passes onto the series of small wire beds of suitable mesh composing the
first set, falling from one to the other and in its descent striking against a fixed
transverse inclined mixer bar opposite each step which prevents the wheat from
"up-ending" and gives the feed a turn over, the round and foul seeds being forced
through the screen. The larger berries of grain pass over the first set allowing
only the foul seeds to pass through, any wheat or flax seed that may have gone
through the first set being prevented from passing through the second and finer
series of screens. A simple device consisting of one two or more moveable slides
is applied to the said double screen for the purpose of reducing or varying its
capacity or screening surface so that a few bushels of grain or seed can be as
readily treated as the full feed, or in lieu of the moveable slides blocks of wood or
other suitable material may be employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS MOTOR ENGINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Miller Williamson, James
Malam, and William Allerston Ireland at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 29th November 1883.
THOMAS MILLER WILLIAMSON, JAMES MALAM and WILLIAM ALLERSTON
IRELAND all of Southport in the County of Lancaster "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS
MOTOR ENGINES"
The first part of our Improvements consists in making a Gas Motor Engine with
two cylinders which we prefer to place side by side
The combustible charge is fired in one of these cylinders which we call the
working cylinder
The other cylinder we call the exhaust cylinder and there are ports leading from
the working cylinder to the exhaust cylinder
The cranks are set at right angles or nearly so and the pistons ports and cranks
are so arranged that the operation is as follows
When a charge is ignited in the working cylinder it forces that piston out until
it has nearly reached the end of its stroke it then uncovers certain ports which put
the interior of this cylinder into communication with the atmosphere through the
exhaust cylinder so that the pressure of the products of combustion fall to that of
the atmosphere. The piston of the exhaust cylinder is then on its return stroke
and its further progress closes these ports thus shutting off direct communication
between the working cylinder and the atmosphere
The exhaust piston is made a little wider than the ports so that after closing
them on the one side it immediately begins to open them on the other and at this
moment the admission valve is opened
The cranks being at right angles the exhaust piston will about this time be
travelling through the quicker part of its stroke while the working piston is still
travelling comparatively slowly. The exhaust piston has thus time to make the
greater portion of its inward stroke before the working piston returns sufficiently
far to close the ports. The exhaust piston thus extracts a certain portion of the
remaining contents of the working cylinder which is replaced by a new charge
entering through the admission valve The working piston by its further inward
[Price 2d 1

page_text: motion compresses this charge which is fired at the moment that the piston
reaches the extremity of its inward stroke and the above series of operations is
repeated
In the next place we use an arrangement in which the exhaust cylinder is placed
at right angles to the working cylinder in which case both pistons are coupled to
the same crank
It is obvious that instead of the cylinders being placed side by side with the
cranks at right angles or the cylinders placed at right angles to each other with
one crank used for both they may be arranged in other positions with the cranks
relatively arranged so that while the working piston is running at its slowest the
exhaust piston will be running at its highest velocity
MENTS IN WATER CLOSETS AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st June 1883.
JOSEPH SMITH of Blackburn in the County of Lancaster, Messenger.
MENTS IN WATER CLOSETS AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
"
"IMPROVE-
This invention relates to improved construction of water closets and apparatus
connected therewith comprising combined tippling pan or receiver and regulating
valve whereby the receiver or pan is kept effective and cleanly by use of a given
or definite quantity of water the apparatus being well adapted for cottage property
workshops a public water closets where whilst securing an effective and sufficient
quantity of water "or flush" the supply is not under control of the user and cannot
be wasted.
I employ for the receipt of the excreta a bucket or pan carried or hinged on pins
out of central line of pan, so that on becoming filled with water to a certain
level or height the pau will tipple or move on its carrying pins and discharge
the contents (into the drain or other receptacle) and return to its original position.
The supply of water (from main or other source) is under control of a graduating
valve the latter is attached to a counterbalanced lever having movable fulcrum the
said lever being operated in one direction by the binged seat of the closet in
opposite direction by counterbalancing weight so that where the pressure of water
supply is low the valve lever will be adjusted to leave the supply pipe open to
a greater degree than where the pressure (frequently 200 feet or more) is great, the
distance between fulcrum of lever and its valve will in all cases determine and
control delivery of water
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HEARTHRUGS OR MATS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ben Taylor at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th January 1883.
BEN TAYLOR of Broomhouse Outlane near Huddersfield in the county of York
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HEARTHRUGS OR MATS
"
The object of my invention is to produce hearthrugs or mats of good appearance,
durable and more serviceable than now made, at a reasonable price.
I construct my improved rug of pieces or lists of cloth, stuffs, fents, or other
suitable materials which are woven into a canvas back the pieces or lists pass
through the canvas, and are woven or secured to it by jute hemp, or other suitable
weft which firmly secures it in its position, the rugs can then be sold with or without
backs as preferred.