Improvements in Steam Engines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Aug., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 29th May, 1895-Accepted, 13th July, 1895
Improvements in Steam Engines.
I, NIELS JORGEN POULSEN, of Esbjerg, Denmark, Mechanical Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This steam engine has a gearing shaft parallel to the axis of the steam cylinder.
On this shaft two discs are placed, each of which is provided with two tappets, one
for the inlet, and the other for the outlet of the steam.
The valves are arranged in the ends of the cylinder and are opened and sbut by
arms moved by the tappets.
The steam engine represented in the accompanying drawings aims at quick and
precise movements of the gearing, together with the production of minimum
clearances; moreover the governor acts direct on the steam inlet to the cylinder,
and not by narrowing or throttling the steam pipe, whereby the effective power of
the engine is increased.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 represents a side elevation, part in section,
of a cylinder and gearing, seen from the side of the gearing shaft, Fig. 2 an end
clevation of the same, also part in section, Fig. 3 is a plan of the said cylinder, while
Fig. 4 is an enlarged side and end view of one of the discs for actuating the gearing
which regulates the admission of the steam into the cylinder.
The gearing shaft a is driven from the crank shaft by two bevel wheels of the
same size, and has two discs s¹s that bear on their outer sides the tappets provided
for the regulation of the steam admission, and on their inner side the tappets for
regulation of the exhaust valves.
By the latter mentioned tappets both opening and closing are constant, by
the former only the opening is constant, while the closing is variable from
th to .
In this detail that part of the tappet which reduces the inlet steam, lies furthest
from the centre of the cylinder.
or
On either side of the tappet discs are four rollers ¹, 1, 3, and r³, which are
alternately moved out from the discs during the rotation of the gearing by the
above mentioned tappets. These movements are transmitted by the arms
levers m¹, m, m³, m³, respectively to the main steam or exhaust valves, the shafts
which bear the four arms or levers being carried through the sides of the steam
chest by means of a stuffing box and gland, and continued to the centre of the valve
or steam chest, where corresponding arms or levers either directly engage the
valve rods, or by means of connecting links actuate the hinged valves.
These
valves are opened of course for the main steam outwardly, and for the waste steam
inwardly, and by the pressure of the steam the contact of the rollers r', ', ' and r³,
with the gearing discs s', is secured.
บ
The steam chest is divided by the partition wall into two parts, the upper part
being for the main steam, and the lower part for the waste or exhaust steam.
The regulation of the steam is effected in the following manner :-
:-The governor
of the engine engages by the spindle d a lever arm p which transmits its motion by
the shaft e to two other levers p', p* which are connected by rods q' q' with the
arms or levers m' m' which actuate the steam inlet valves.
The said aims move for a greater part of their length in slides g' and 9ª, and can
be turned on the pins b¹ b.

page_text: The motions resulting from the gearing tappets and the governor are independent
of each other; the rods 91 9* must for the purpose be furnished with universal
joints on both ends.
Dated this 30th day of August 1894
REGINALD W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent.
I, NIELS JORGEN POULSEN, of Esbjerg, Denmark, Mechanical Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This steam engine has a gearing shaft parallel to the axis of the steam cylinder.
On this shaft two discs are placed, each of which is provided with two tappets, one
for the inlet, and the other for the outlet of the steam.
The valves are arranged in the ends of the cylinder and are opened and shut by
arms moved by the tappets.
The steam engine represented in the drawings left with the Provisional
Specification aims at quick and precise movements of the gearing, together with
the production of minimum clearances; moreover the governor acts direct on the
steam inlet to the cylinder, and not by narrowing or throttling the steam pipe,
whereby the effective power of the engine is increased.
In the drawings left with the Provisional Specification Fig. 1 represents a side
elevation, part in section, of a cylinder and gearing, seen from the side of the gearing
shaft, Fig. 2 an end elevation of the same, also part in section, Fig. 3 is a plan of
the said cylinder, while Fig. 4 is an enlarged side and end view of one of the discs
for actuating the gearing which regulates the admission of the steam into the
cylinder.
The gearing shaft a is driven from the crank shaft by two bevel wheels of the
same size, and has two discs that bear on their other sides the tappets
provided for the regulation of the steam admission, and on their inner side the
tappets for regulation of the exhaust valves.
By the latter mentioned tappets both opening and closing are constant, by
the former only the opening is constant, while the closing is variable from
Tth to .
In this detail that part of the tappet which reduces the inlet steam, lies furthest
from the centre of the cylinder.
or
On either side of the tappet discs are four rollers ¹, 3, and, which are
alternately moved out from the discs during the rotation of the gearing by the
above mentioned tappets. These movements are transmitted by the arms
levers m³, m³, m³, m³, respectively to the main steam or exhaust valves, the shafts
which bear the four arms or levers being carried through the sides of the steam
chest by means of a stuffing box and gland, and continued to the centre of the valve
or steam chest, where corresponding arms or levers either directly engage the valve
rods, or by means of connecting links actuate the hinged valves. These valves are
opened of course for the main steam outwardly, and for the waste steam inwardly,
and by the pressure of the steam the contact of the rollers 1, 1, 2, and 3, with the
gearing discs s³, s² is secured.
The steam chest is divided by the partition wall into two parts, the upper part
being for the main steam, and the lower part for the waste or exhaust steam.
The regulation of the steam is effected in the following manner :-The governor
of the engine engages by the spindle d a lever arm p which transmits its motion by

page_text: the shaft e to two other levers p', p' which are connected by rods q', q' with the
arms or levers m', m' which actuate the steam inlet valves. The said arms move
for a greater part of their length in slides g¹ and g*, and can be turned on the
pins 61 64.
The motions resulting from the gearing tappets and the governor are independent
of each other; the rods g' g' must for the purpose be furnished with universal
joints on both ends.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In valve steam engines, the arrangement of the valve gearing shaft a parallel
with the engine cylinder; the two tappet discs on the aforesaid shaft, which tappet
discs, by proper lever connection, effect the opening and closing of the gearing
valves; the aforesaid gearing valves placed in the bottom end of the cylinder; the
steam chambers placed on the cylinder bottoms, each divided by a partition wall v
into two parts, the upper being a main steam compartment, and the lower part a
waste or exhaust steam compartment; and the improved regulating gearing valves,
substantially as herein set forth and described and illustrated by the drawings left
with the Provisional Specification.
2. In the lever connection referred to in Claim 1, the lever arms, (which enable
the gearing of the main steam valves to be worked by the corresponding tappets of
the tappet discs) each free to rotate on its tap lying outside the centre of the
shaft a in such a manner that the lever which is generally fitted with a roller can
be moved with one of its ends to or from the centre of the said shaft, with the
object of varying the steam inlet by means of the tappet, which tappet has not
constant (more correctly isochronous) breadth, substantially as herein set forth
and described, and illustrated by the drawings left with the Provisional
Specification.
3. The connection of the lever arms mentioned in Claim 2, with the governor of
the engine, with the object of rendering the admission of the steam automatically.
variable, substantially as herein set forth and described, and illustrated by the
drawings left with the Provisional Specification.
Dated this 29th day of May 1895.
REGINALD W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent.