Improvements in and connected with Mathematical Drawing Instruments.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Sept., 1894-Accepted, 23rd Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Mathematical Drawing
Instruments.
We PETER JOSEPH WILSON of 30 Edgehill Road Sheffield in the County of
York, Engineer, and WILLIAM ERNEST WRIGHT of 31 Oakdale Road, Sheffield
aforesaid, Bank Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
--
The object of our invention is to provide a good instrument for use in elementary
schools, such instrument whilst constructed of light materials to be rigid, strong
and produced at a cheap rate thus meeting a requirement of most elementary
schools.
We now proceed to describe our invention which is as follows:-
:-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the instrument shewing the pencil carrier (d) in section.
The beam (c) the fingerpiece (a) and the point (b) are made out of one piece of
wire of such metal or alloy as is considered to be the most suitable for the purpose
the wire for twice the length of (a to a¹) being flattened so as to assume a semi-
circular form so that when bent at (a) and closed it forms a circular fingerpiece as
shewn at (a) Fig. 2. The beam (c) being flattened as shewn at (c) Fig. 2. We divide
the side of the beam (c) into any required scale and at each division we put a serration
on the top which forms a V groove as shewn at (h) and into which the point on the
small plate (i) drops when moved along the beam. (d) is a tube into which two holes
are punched, drilled or drifted through its diameter equal to the section of
the beam (c). (e) is a small spring pressing down the pointed plate (i) into the
aforesaid serrations upon the beam (c). (f) Fig. 1 is a screwed block which blocks
the upper end of the pencil carrier (d). (j) is a thin disc which is free to move
in (d). (g) is a small screw which works through (f), pressing down the disc (j)
and compressing the spring (e) so as to fix tightly the pointed plate (i) either in
the serrations upon the beam or upon the beam itself.
The pencil (k) can be pushed or screwed into (d) which is provided with a
thread along its internal diameter.
Fig. 3. is an elevation shewing the finger piece (a) and the point (b) as one piece
of wire distinct from the beam (c).
The bean (c) is made out of flattened wire and bent as shewn in (Fig. 4) and
after being placed into position on (a b) is rivetted through as shewn at (e) Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 shews the fingerpiece and beam as it might be flied out of metal sheet and
formed afterwards or as it might be cast in any metal or alloy. Point (b) Fig. 5.
could be turned and placed in Fig. 5 as shewn. Point (4) Fig. 6 could be cast in
thus saving drilling.
Fig. 7 shews another section of beam (c) in this case the scale would be divided
on the top.
(Fig. 8) shews another section which might have a scale divided upon either or
all of its three sides.
Fig. 9 shews a piece of flattened wire bent in such a way as to form an eye (m)
at one end the two parts (n and o) of the beam (c) being rivetted together the scale
may be divided either upon the top or sides.
Fig. 10 shews the fingerpiece (a. b) formed at (p) ready to receive the eye (m)
of beam (c.) Fig. 9.
Fig. 11. shews a protecting tube whose inner diameter is equal to the diameter of
the fingerpiece (a). (g) represents a piece of indiarubber placed in the end.
:

page_text: '
when the compasses are in use it may be placed on the finger piece (a) and when
out of use over the point (b).
Fig. 12. represents in section the point protector without rubber.
Fig. 13. represents the side elevation of the pencil holder on the side of the
beam instead of the centre of it in order to allow of longer pencils being used and
Fig. 14 is a plan of the same.
Fig. 15. is a side elevation shewing the method by which we fix the beam into
the fingerpiece and
Fig. 16 is an end elevation shewing the construction of the fingerpiece which
same as Fig. 1 may be made of wire or tubing.
On one edge of the reverse side of the beam we mark angles making the top of the
fingerpiece at (a) the zero point and the top of the beam equalling the angle of
90 degrees on the lower edge we use a scale of chords to suit this instrument and
instead of the pencil holder being constructed perpendicularly as shewn in Fig. 1,
it may be constructed so as to form a slight angle to the beam (c) with the pencil
point (k) inclining to (b) so that when closed the two points shall come close
together and when this was done the scale on the beam would be marked to suit.
Fig. 17 shows the slot in the wire or casting or wood as the case may be ready
to receive the beam. In large sizes the beam (c) would be made of wood and be
prepared so as to receive chalk as well as pencil. When the size becomes large
we should construct this instrument in wood or other suitable material as is deemed
necessary. It will be seen that Fig. 5 cast or formed with the finger piece (a b)
projecting on one side of the beam (c) will act as a T square and if the centre (6)
Fig. 6 is let in at the end almost flush it can be taken out and reversed at will
when it will answer the purpose of T square, rule, compasses, and sector.
Dated this 18th day of November 1893.
PETER JOSEPH WILSON.
WILLIAM ERNEST WRIGHT.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Mathematical Drawing
Instruments.
We PETER JOSEPH WILSON of 30 Edgehill Road Sheffield in the County of
York Engineer and WILLIAM ERNEST WRIGHT of 31 Oakdale Road Sheffield
aforesaid, Bank Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of our invention is to provide a good instrument for use in elementary
schools such instrument whilst constructed of light materials to be rigid strong
and produced at a cheap rate thus meeting a requirement of most elementary
schools also to make a similar instrument in such various sizes as may be found
servicable for other than school purposes.
We now proceed to describe our invention referring first to the drawings left
with our Provisional Specification which is as follows:-
(Fig. 1) is a side elevation of the instrument shewing the pencil carrier-(d) in
section. The beam (c) the fingerpiece (a) and the point (/) are made out of one
piece of wire of such metal or alloy as is considered to be the most suitable for the
purpose the wire for twice the length of (a) to (a') being flattened so as to assume
a semi-circular form so that when bent at (a) and closed it forms a circular finger-
piece as shewn at (a) (Fig. 2). The beam (c) being flattened as shewn at (c)
(Fig. 2). We divide the side of the beam (c) into any required scale and at such
division we put a serration on the top which forms a V groove as shewn at (h) and
into which the small plate (2) drops when moved along the beam. (d) is a tube
into which two holes are punched drilled or drifted through its diameter equal to

page_text: the section of the beam (c). (e) is a small spring pressing down the pointed..
plate (i) into the aforesaid serrations upon the beam (c). (f) (Fig. 1) is a
screwed block which blocks the upper end of the pencil carrier (d). () is a thin
disc which is free to move in (d). (9) is a small screw which works through (f)
-pressing down the disc (j) compressing the spring (e) so as to fix tightly the
pointed plate (i) either in the serrations upon the beam or upon the beam itself.
The pencil (k) can be pushed or screwed into (d) which is provided with a
thread along its internal diameter.
(Fig. 3) is an elevation shewing the fingerpiece (a) and the point (b) as one
piece of wire distinct from beam (c). The beam (c) is made out of flattened wire
and bent as shewn in (Fig. 4) and after being placed into position on (a. b) is
rivetted through as shewn at (e) (Fig. 3).
(Fig. 5) shews the finger piece and beam as it might be flied out of metal sheet
and formed afterwards or it might be cast in any metal or alloy. Point (b)
(Fig. 5) could be turned and placed in (Fig. 5) as shewn. Point (b) (Fig. 6)
could be cast in thus saving drilling.
(Fig. 7) shews another section of beam (c) in this case the scale would be
divided on the top.
(Fig. 8) shews another section which might have a scale divided upon either or
all of its three sides.
(Fig. 9) shews a piece of flattened wire bent in such a way as to form an eye (m)
at one end, the two parts (n and o) of the beam (c) being rivetted together the scale
may be divided either upon the top or sides.
(Fig. 10) shews the fingerpiece (a. b) formed at (p) ready to receive the eye (m)
of beam (c) (Fig. 9).
(Fig. 11) shews a protecting tube whose inner diameter is equal to the diameter
of the fingerpiece (a). (g) represents a piece of indiarubber placed in the end.
When the compasses are in use it may be placed on the fingerpiece (a) and when
out of use over the point (b).
(Fig. 12) represents in section the point protector without rubber.
(Fig. 13) represents the side elevation of the pencil holder on the side of the
beam instead of the centre of it in order to allow of longer pencils being used and
(Fig. 14) is a plan of the same.
(Fig. 15) is a side elevation shewing the method by which we fix the beam into
the fingerpiece and
(Fig. 16) is an end elevation shewing the construction of the fingerpiece which
same as (Fig. 1) may be made of wire or tubing.
On one edge of the reverse side of the heam we mark angles making the top of the
fingerpiece at (a) the zero point and the top of the beam equalling the angle of
90 degrees on the lower edge we use a scale of chords to suit this instrument and
instead of the pencil holder being constructed perpendicularly as shewn in (Fig. 1)
may be constructed so as to form a slight angle to the beam (c) with the pencil
point (k) inclining to (b) so that when closed the two points shall come close
together and when this was done the scale on the beam would be marked to suit.
it
(Fig. 17) shews the slot in the wire or casting or wood as the case may be ready
to receive the beam in large sizes the beam (c) would be made of wood and the
carrier would be prepared so as to receive chalk as well as pencil. When the size
becomes large we should construct this instrument in wood or other suitable
material as is deemed necessary. It will be seen that (Fig. 5) cast or formed with
the finger piece (a. b) projecting on one or both sides of the beam will act as
a T square and if the centre (b) (Fig. 6) is let in at the end almost flush it can
he taken out and reversed at will when if marked as before described, together
with the pencil carrier it will answer the purpose of T square, rule, compass and
sector.
Referring now to the drawings filed herewith
(Fig. 18) represents the beam (c) placed in fingerpiece (a)
T
as shewn by the
101
-
'

page_text: with the serrations on beam (c) we also dispense with the screw (9) as shewn in
(Fig. 1) and in its place the end of the pencil carrier is solid. The spring (e)
pressing against the solid end. We place on one of the edges of beam (c) a scale of
chords and upon the other a scale of polygons, arranged to suit this instrument.
The scales are used as follows:-Supposing an angle of 42 degrees is wanted
the pencil carrier is moved forward from the fingerpiece until the index side
(which in this case is the inner side) is in line with 60, and with this dimension.
as a radius, on line (A B) we describe an arc (A C) (Fig. 22). We now move
the inner edge of the pencil carrier to 42 and then placing the point (b.) at (A)
bisect the arc (A C) at (D) when (DEA) would be the required angle. In the
case of polygons the pencil carrier would be placed at 6 and with this dimension
as a radius we describe a circle. The pencil carrier would then be moved to the
figure representing the number of sides required, thus if 4 sides were required it would
be moved to 4 when the circle would be subdivided by it and lines drawn from
point to point would give the number of sides required.
(Figs. 20. 21) represent the instrument made in wood to carry chalk or pencil
for blackboard or bench work.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:
1. The peculiar construction and arrangement in combination of the parts
substantially as described.
2. The marking of the beam with the scales of chords and polygons to be used
in combination with the instrument substantially as described.
Dated this 22nd day of August 1894.
PETER JOSEPH WILSON.
WILLIAM ERNEST WRIGHT.