IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-TIPPING HOISTING APPARATUS FOR TRUCKS OR OTHER RECEPTACLES WITH COAL, CLAY, OR MINERALS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Silver Hall, of Nuneaton, County of Warwick,
Engineer, and George Barker, of Attleborough, in the County of Warwick,
Mining Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-TIPPING
HOISTING APPARATUS FOR TRUCKS OR OTHER RECEPTACLES WITH COAL, CLAY,
OR MINERALS."
Sealed the 14th August 1877, and dated the 21st February 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Silver Hall and
George Barker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st
February 1877.
WILLIAM SILVER HALL, of Nuneaton, County of Warwick, Engineer, and
GEORGE BARKER, of Attleborough, in the County of Warwick, Mining Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-TIPPING HOISTING APPARATUS FOR TRUCKS OR OTHER
RECEPTACLES WITH COAL, CLAY, OR MINERALS."
This Invention of improvements in self-tipping hoisting apparatus for trucks or
other receptacles with coal, clay, or minerals is to provide means whereby tubs,
trams, wagons, or other receptacles containing coal or other substances may be
raised from a lower to a higher level, turned over sufficiently to discharge their
contents, and again lowered by one continuous operation or series of operations
controlled by one man without the aid of an attendant or puller off at the higher
level.
The wagon or other receptacle is run on to a platform suspended from trunnions,
which is then hoisted up to the required level either directly by steam or hydraulic
power, or by any suitable arrangement of self-acting tipping gear is substantially
as follows: When the wagon is run on to the plat form it is prevented from
running off again in the reverse direction by a self-acting catch acting in the
usual manner, and is further retained in its place when tipped by horns clips,
or similar well-known contrivances. In these respects the swinging platform
resembles the common arrangement of tipper. A second suitable catch prevents
the platform from upsetting when the wagon is run on to it with violence, or at any
intermediate stage until it has reached the desired height. When this desired
position has been attained this catch is released by suitable means,

page_text: We prefer so to place the centre of revolution that it shall be below the
centre of gravity of the loaded wagon and tipper, but above the centre of gravity
of the empty wagon and tipper. In many cases this will be sufficient to
determine the upsetting of the loaded wagon when the catch is released, and the
return of the empty wagon and tipper to their normal position when the load is
discharged, though this return motion is not essential. But in other cases we adopt
the following means:-The platform is so arranged as to have a slight inclination
towards the direction from which the wagon is run on, and by this means the
wagon lies up against the first-mentioned stop. In this position the common centre
of gravity of the tipper and loaded wagon may be so placed, if desired, that they
will not spontaneously upset, even if the second catch is released. When the wagon
is thus lying up against the first-mentioned stop the iron horns or stops above
mentioned do not come close up to the forward axle or wheels or to the front of the
wagon but leave a space or clearance. The platform, during the final period of its
ascent, and after the release of the second-mentioned catch, encounters a fixed stop
which gives it an inclination in the opposite direction, causing the wagon to run
forwards through the said space or clearance, thus transferring the centre of gravity
to a position forward of the trunnions or centres of revolution, and ensuring the
upsetting of the wagon and tipper.
Below the frame carrying the bearings of the trunnions, and moving up and down
along with it, we fit a hopper or shoot to receive the contents of the wagon and
deliver them to the screen, shoot, platform, hopper, vessel, wagon, or. other
receptacle, as may be desired. This hopper or shoot is made of the full size of the
opening up which the apparatus is hoisted, which opening may be large enough to
admit of the platform and wagon coming down, bottom upwards, should it fail to
right itself after discharging its contents.
We are aware that hoists have been made capable of discharging the contents of
open ended wagons, or of wagons fitted with end doors; and we lay no claim to
any such arrangement, the object of our Invention being to provide means for dis-
charging the contents of close or "box-ended" wagons as well as those which are
open-ended or fitted with end doors.
Instead of fixing the hopper or shoot as above described to the frame carrying
the tipper we, in some cases, fix it to the main framing surrounding the hoist, and
arrange it with self-acting gear so as to swing clear of the ascending or descending
wagon, but to take the necessary position when the wagon is tipped.
In other cases we use a tipping platform combined with a shoot, which may be of
the form described in Rigg's Patent, No. 2493, A.D. 1862, or of the form described
in Fowler's Patent, No. 943, A.D. 1874, or of such other suitable form as will
deliver the coal into the shoot or other receptacle without allowing it to drop down
the orifice through which the tipping platform ascends.
For effecting the upsetting and righting of the platform we, in some cases, fix a
lever or levers on the ends of the trunnions with fixed stops which the said levers
encounter at certain points of the travel of the platform.
In some cases it will be found preferable to arrest the descent of the platform
and to pull off the empty wagon at a level higher than the original starting
point.
This Invention is also applicable to the discharge of materials other than coal,
and for emptying vessels or receptacles other than trams or wagons, and suitable
alterations may be made in the details of the apparatus without departing from the
Invention.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Silver Hall and George Barker in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 18th August 1877.
WILLIAM SILVER HALL, of Nuneaton, County of Warwick, Engineer, and
GEORGE BARKER, of Attleborough, in the County of Warwick, Mining Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-TIPPING HOISTING APPARATUS FOR TRUCKS OR OTHER:
RECEPTACLES WITH COAL, CLAY, OR MINERALS."
The object of this Invention is to provide means whereby tubs, trams, wagons,
or other receptacles containing coal or other substances may be raised from a lower
to a higher level, turned over sufficiently to discharge their contents, and again
lowered by one continuous operation or series of operations controlled by one man
without the aid of an attendant or puller off at the higher level.
The wagon or tub to be unloaded is run on to a platform suspended on trunnions,
which is then hoisted up to the required level either directly by steam or hydraulic
power, or by any suitable arrangement of gearing. The arrangement of self-acting
tipping gear is substantially as follows:-When the wagon is run on to the platform
it is prevented from running off again in the reverse direction by a self-acting catch
in the usual manner, and is further retained in its place when tippled either by
iron horns passing over the axles by clips over the tops of the sides of the wagon,
or by any other well-known method or methods. In these respects the swinging
platform resembles the common arrangement of tipper. A second suitable catch:
prevents the wagon from upsetting when it is run on to the platform with violence,
or at any intermediate stage until it has reached the desired height. When this
desired height has been attained this catch is released by suitable means.
We prefer so to place the centre of revolution that it shall be below the centre of
gravity of the loaded wagon and tipper, but above the centre of gravity of the
empty wagon and tipper. In many cases this will be sufficient to determine the
upsetting of the loaded wagon when the catch is released, and the return of the
empty wagon and tipper to their normal position when the load is discharged,
though this return motion, as will presently be seen, is not essential. But in other
cases, and especially with shallow wagons where the difference of the centres of
gravity loaded and unloaded is but slight, we adopt the following additional
measures:-The platform or tipper is arranged with a slight inclination towards
the direction from which the wagon is run on, and by this means the wagon lies
up against the first-mentioned stop. In this position the common centre of gravity
of the tipper and loaded wagon may be so placed, if desired, that they will not
spontaneously upset even if the second catch is released. When the wagon is thus
resting in its place on the tipper against the first catch the iron horns or stops above
mentioned do not come close up to the forward axle or wheels or to the front of the
wagon, but leave a space or clearance. The platform, during the final period of its
ascent, and after the release of the second-mentioned catch, encounters a fixed stop
which gives it an inclination in the opposite direction, causing the wagon to run
forwards through the said space or clearance, thus transferring the centre of gravity
to a position forward of the trunnions or centres of rotation and ensuring the
upsetting of the wagon and tipper.
Below the frame carrying the bearings of the trunnions, and moving up and down
along with it, we fit a hopper or shoot to receive the contents of the wagon, and
deliver them to the screen, shoot, platform, hopper, vessel, wagon, or other receptacle,
as may be desired. This hopper or shoot may be made of the full size of the
opening up which the apparatus is hoisted, which opening may be large enough to
admit of the platform and wagon coming down bottom upwards should it fail to
right itself after discharging its contents.
We are aware that hoists are in use fitted with platforms which tilt sufficiently
to allow the discharge of the contents of open-ended wagons, or of wagons fitted
with end doors, and we lay no claim to any such arrangement as previously known
or adopted; the object of our Invetion being to provide means for the discharge of

page_text: the contents of close or "box-ended" wagons, as well as those which are open-
ended or fitted with end doors.
Instead of fixing the hopper or shoot, as above described, to the frame carrying
the tipper, we, in some cases, fix it to the main framing surrounding the hoist, and
arrange it with self-acting gear so as to swing, slide, or roll clear of the ascending
or descending wagon, but to take the necessary position when the wagon is tipped.
In other cases we use a tipping platform combined with a shoot which may be of
the form described in Rigg's Patent, No. 2493, A.D. 1862, or of the form described
in Fowler's Patent, No. 943, A.D. 1874, or of such other form as will deliver the
contents of the wagon into the shoot or other receptacle without allowing it to drop
down the orifice through which the tipping platform ascends.
For effecting the upsetting and righting of the platform we, in some cases, fix a
lever or levers on the ends of the trunnions with fixed stops which the said levers
encounter at certain points of the travel of the platform.
In other cases we fix a toothed wheel or some well-known form of frictional gear
to the ends of the trunnions, which said toothed or frictional wheel shall, when the
apparatus has reached the desired height, engage with a toothed rack or frictional
surface, by which means a revolving motion is communicated to the tipper.
In some cases it will be found preferable to arrest the descent of the platform
and to pull off the empty wagon at a level higher than the original starting point
so that it will return by its own gravity down an incline in any required direction.
The above tipping and delivering arrangements may be applied to hoists acting in
a sloping or inclined direction as well as to those acting vertically.
Though in the foregoing description special mention has been made of tubs or
wagons containing coal or other substances it is evident that our Invention is also
applicable to the discharging of the contents of other forms of vessels or re-
ceptacles, suitable alterations being made in the details of the apparatus.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention we now proceed to
describe in what manner the same is to be performed or carried out in practice
wherein we shall refer to the accompanying Drawings as follows: -The same letters
of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the corresponding Figures.
Figure 1 is an end elevation; Figure 2 is a side elevation; and Figure 3 is a
plan of our self-tipping hoisting apparatus.
A, A, is a platform or table suspended from trunnions B, B, capable of revolu-
tion in the bearings C, C, which are formed or fixed in the framing or cage D, D.
This framing or cage is capable of being raised and lowered either by chains (as
shewn in the Drawings) connected with suitable gearing, or directly by steam or
hydraulic power, as may be found most convenient. The table A, A, is so balanced
that it has a constant tendency to return to its normal position, as shown in Figure
2, with a slight inclination towards the running-on side. When the tub or tram is
run on to the table it is prevented from running back again by the catch E, which
may, when required, be released by a foot lever or other suitable contrivance. It is
further retained in place by the stops F, F, and the horns G, G, passing over the
axles or by any other efficient contrivance as adopted in ordinary tippers or kick
ups. A second catch H prevents the table from upsetting if the tram is run on to
it with undue violence, or at any intermediate stage until the apparatus has been
raised to the desired height. When this position has been attained a suitable stop
(not shown on the Drawings) encounters the trigger J and releases the catch. In
many cases it will be possible so to balance the tilting table that its centre of
revolution shall be sufficiently below the common centre of gravity of the loaded
wagon and table, but sufficiently above the common centre of gravity of the empty
wagon and table, to determine the upsetting of the loaded wagon and; table when
the catch H is released, and their return to their normal position when their load is
discharged, but in other cases we adopt the following additional measures:-We
leave a clearance or space between the wagon and the stops F, F, so that when the
wagon is lying against the catch E (as it would naturally do in consequence of the
inclination of the table in that direction) the position of the common centre of

page_text: gravity of the loaded wagon and table may (if desired) be such that the wagon
will not upset even if the catch H is released. But during the final period of the
ascent of the platform, and after the release of the catch H, the front part of the
platform encounters a fixed stop which comes in contact with it at K or at any
other convenient part, and reverses the inclination of the platform so that the
wagon runs forwards until it encounters the stops F, F. In this position the
centre of gravity is forward of the trunnions, and the wagon and table upset by
their own weight. Beneath the frame or cage D, D, we fix a hopper or shoot L, L,
to receive the contents of the tub or wagon and to convey them to the shoot or
screen M or to any vessel, barge, truck, or other receptacle that may be desired.
This shoot L travels up and down with the frame, and it is evident that without
this shoot or some similar contrivance the contents of the tub would fall down the
orifice through which the apparatus passes.
Figures 4 and 5 show the apparatus above described at its highest and lowest
positions. It will be evident that even if the tub and table fail to right themselves
after discharging their cargo there is no impediment to their descent. Figure 6
shows a similar apparatus worked directly from a steam or hydraulic cylinder.
In some cases, as shown in Figure 7, we dispense with the shoot L and fix a flap
or shoot N to the main framing surrounding the hoist, and arrange it with self-
acting gear (not shown on the Drawings) so as to swing clear of the ascending or
descending wagon, but to take the necessary position when the wagon is tipped; it
may also be arranged to slide or roll.
In Figures 8 and 9 we show an arrangement of shoot O, O, combined with the
tipping table and revolving with it; this shoot may be of any well-known form or
arrangement suitable for being combined with the hoisting apparatus.
In Figures 10, 11, 12, a further modification is shown, specially adapted for coal
of a soft and tender nature; in this arrangement the catch (H, Figure 2) is released
somewhat earlier than in the arrangements previously shown, allowing the shoot
O, O, to fall against a wheel or roller P which allows it gently and gradually to
turn over as the hoist is raised to its highest position.
In Figures 13, 14, 15, we show an arrangement of levers or horns fixed to
the ends of the trunnions, and engaging with fixed stops which control the motion
of the tipper and determine the upsetting and righting of the tub. By giving
suitable forms to these levers any desired motion may be given to the tipper and
tub. A similar object may be attained by substituting a spur wheel-or segment
thereof for the levers and toothed rack for the fixed stops or by suitably arranged
frictional gear.
In Figure 16 we show one arrangement (out of several which might be adopted)
for combining a tipper with a hoist working in a sloping or inclined direction. In
this arrangement we substitute a carriage D, D, for the cage D, D, shown on the
other views. This carriage travels on wheels R1, R2, up the incline X, X, and carries
the shoot O revolving on trunnions. To this shoot, and concentric with the axis of
revolution, are fixed the frictional wheels S. When the apparatus has been raised
to nearly the required height and simultaneously with the release of the catch H
(not shown on this view), the hind carrying wheels R² are relieved of the weight of
the apparatus by the frictional wheels S, which at this point come in contact with
the short piece of inclined railway Y, Y, on which they roll, thus determining the
revolution of the tipper O, O, and the discharge of the contents of the wagon which
it contains. When the hoist is again lowered the reverse action tends to right the
tipper and wagon, which being effected the wheels R² again take the weight of the
apparatus. This arrangement may in some cases be advantageously used without a
tub or wagon, the material to be raised being loaded direct into the shoot or hopper
O, O, when at its lowest position; in these cases we would have it understood that
we do not claim as our Invention the well-known forms of the Cornish tipping
bucket, but the Invention will be confined to the described raised incline and
frictional wheels for the purpose of tipping the contents. Rack and gear may be
substituted for the frictional wheels and rails on which they work.

page_text: Having now particularly described and set forth the nature of our Invention, and
in what manner the same may be performed or carried-into practice, we wish it to
be understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise, details, relative pro-
portions, or dimensions illustrated upon the accompanying Drawings, as the same
may be considerably varied without departing from the Invention, but what we
claim is,
First. The general combination of a tipper revolving on trunnions and moving
up and down in connection with a hoist, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
Second. The arrangement of catch to prevent the platform from tipping pre-
inaturely, with gear to release the same when the proper position has been attained.
Third. The arrangement of platform inclined towards the running-on side and
the stop for reversing the said inclination combined with the clearance space suf-
ficient to allow the centre of gravity to pass to the reverse side of the centre of
revolution.
Fourth. The fitting of a shoot or hopper to the frame carrying the bearings of
the trunnions.
Fifth. The alternative arrangement of the swinging, sliding, or rolling shoot con
nected to the main framing with the same object, viz., to prevent the falling of the
coal down the hoist opening.
Sixth. The alternative arrangement of tipping platform combined with a shoot
revolving with it, the whole rising and falling with the hoist with the samé
object.
Seventh. The wheel or roller against which the revolving shoot is allowed to fall
when it is desired that the tipping should be effected gently.
Eighth. The alternative arrangement of levers fixed to the ends of the trunnions
with fixed stops which the said levers encounter.
Ninth. The alternative arrangement of a toothed wheel or frictional gearing
fixed to the trunnions with a fixed rack or frictional surface which the said wheel or
gearing engages with.
Tenth. The raised rail in use with the carriage and frictional or other wheels on
inclines, as described in Figure 16.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Silver Hall, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
TTY TE
WILLIAM SILVER HALL, (L.S.)