IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF AERATED WATERS, AND IN VESSELS OR RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING THE SAME
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in
the County of Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of
Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF AERATED WATERS, AND IN VESSELS
OR RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING THE SAME."-A communication from
abroad by Jean Louis André, and Philippe Ferdinand Guillot, both of
Paris, in the Empire of France.
Sealed the 5th November. 1861, and dated the 14th May 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th May 1861.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF AERATED WATERS, AND
IN VESSELS OR RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING THE SAME," a communication from
abroad by Jean Louis André, and Philippe Ferdinand Guillot, both of Paris,
in the Empire of France, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of portable
apparatus for making aerated liquids, and is partly applicable to ordinary closed
vessels or receptacles for containing aerated liquids.
According to this Invention the aerating apparatus or "gasogene" is com-
posed of three separate vessels of glass, porcelain, or other suitable material

page_text: mounted upon and supported by a stand or frame suitable for the table. In
the first vessel the gas is produced in the usual manner, but passes thence by
a pipe leading to the bottom of the second vessel, which is filled or nearly filled
with water. In this vessel the gas is washed and freed from any salts or other
impurities which may be carried over at the time of its formation in the first
vessel. The gas having been washed by admixture with the water in the
second or washing vessel passes off by a pipe into the third or distributing
vessel which contains the liquid to be aerated, which liquid is discharged
therefrom as required by any convenient arrangement of valve or cock at the
upper part of the vessel. This last-mentioned vessel is provided with an
agitator rotated by a small winch handle, for the purpose of effecting a more
perfect and intimate admixture of the carbonic acid gas with the fluid contents
of the vessel. The first vessel or generator is provided with a small funnel
mouth and cock or valve at its upper end to facilitate the introduction of the
ordinary or other powders required for generating the gas, and it is also pro-
vided, as well as the second or washing vessel, with a stopper at the lower end
held in position by a screw pressing thereon. In order to obviate the danger
of bursting the third or containing and distributing vessel it is proposed to
apply a small helical spring safety valve thereto, the strength of the spring
being so adjusted as to allow the valve to open and the gas to escape when its
pressure becomes so great as to endanger the safety of the vessel. By this
adaptation the protective wire or canework usually surrounding the vessel may,
if desired, be dispensed with. This safety valve may be applied also to
champagne, soda water, lemonade, and other bottles; also to cafetieres and
other closed vessels of a similar nature, liable to internal pressure,
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 14th November 1861.
. TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex; 8
and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North Britain,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her 3
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the

page_text: said John Henry Johnson, Her special license that I, the said John Henry
Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said John Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF AERATED WATERS, AND IN VESSELS
OR RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING THE SAME," a communication from abroad by
Jean Louis André, and Philippe Ferdinand Guillot, both of Paris, in the
Empire of France, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
John Henry Johnson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, or under the hand and seal of one of them,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawing, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
The said Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
portable apparatus for making aerated liquids, and is partly applicable to
ordinary closed vessels or receptacles for containing aerated liquids.
According to this Invention the aerating apparatus or " gasogene" is com-
posed of three separate vessels of glass, porcelain, or other suitable material
mounted upon and supported by a stand or frame suitable for the table. In
the first vessel the gas is produced in the usual manner, but passes thence by
a pipe leading to the bottom of the second vessel, which is filled or nearly
filled with water. In this vessel the gas is washed and freed from any
impurities which may be carried over at the time of its formation in the first
vessel. The gas having been washed by admixture with the water in the
second or washing vessel, passes off by a pipe into the third or distributing
vessel which contains the liquid to be aerated, which liquid is discharged or
drawn off therefrom as required by any convenient arrangement of valve or
cock fitted to the upper part of the vessel. This last-mentioned vessel is
provided with an agitator, rotated by a small winch handle, for the purpose of
effecting a more perfect and intimate admixture of the carbonic acid gas with

page_text: the fluid contents of the vessel, which thus becomes thoroughly saturated. The
first vessel or generator is provided with a small funnel mouth and cock or
valve at its upper end to facilitate the introduction of the ordinary or other
powders required for generating the gas, and it is also provided, as well as the
second or washing vessel, with a stopper at the lower end, held in position by
a screw pressing thereon. In order to obviate the danger of excessive pressure
in the third or containing or distributing vessel it is proposed to apply a small
safety valve thereto, so adjusted as to allow it to open and liberate the gas
when its pressure becomes so great as to endanger the safety of the vessel.
This adaptation enables the protective wire or canework usually surrounding
the vessel to be dispensed with if thought proper. The safety valve may be
applied also to champagne, soda water, lemonade, and other bottles; also to
cafetieres, and other closed vessels of a similar nature liable to internal
pressure.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose I
shall refer to the accompanying Drawing, which represents in side elevation
and partial section one modification of the improved apparatus herein-before
referred to.
A, B, C, represent respectively the generating, washing, and containing or
distributing vessels mounted in any convenient frame a, provided with a stand
or base b. The generating vessel A is closed at the bottom by the stopper and
screw c, and is provided at its upper end with an internally screwed collar d,
into which is screwed the funnel or filler e, for facilitating the introduction of
the gas-generating powders into the vessel, a stop-cock f serving to close the
bottom of the funnel after the powders have been introduced. The
gas which
is generated immediately the powders enter the water which has been pre-
viously poured into the vessel A passes off by the pipe 9 to the second or
washing vessel B, which is also filled or partially filled with water, and is
closed at the bottom in a similar manner to the vessel A by a screw and
stopper h, a suitable screwed collar or mount i being also fitted at the upper
end of the vessel, for the purpose of enabling the bent pipe k to be readily
connected therewith. Through this pipe k, the gas having been washed in the
washing vessel, and thereby freed from any impurities which it may contain,
passes up into the third or containing vessel C. This last-named vessel is of a
larger capacity than the other two, and is provided internally with an
agitator 7, which is actuated as required by a small winch handle at m. The
cap or mount and cock D may be modified in various ways; for example, a
lever o may be employed for opening the cock, or a button used for that

page_text: purpose;
is a safety valve in connection with the vessel C, which is so
adjusted or regulated as to open'and allow the gas to escape on its attaining a
certain fixed maximum of pressure. This valve, represented in the Drawing,
consists of a mitre valve and spindle, the latter serving as a guide, and being
surrounded by a helical spring, which presses upon the top of the valve. By
substituting wine or other liquid for the water in the vessel C imitation
champagne, lemonade, or other aerated drinks may be manufactured in this
apparatus. The safety valve may be applied to this and other vessels or
bottles containing liquids charged with fixed air either by fitting it to the
stopper or by screwing it to a boss or neck formed for the purpose on the body
of the vessel or bottle itself, as preferred.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that what I consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the general construction and arrangement of apparatus for preparing
and containing aerated liquids, as herein-before described.
Second, the construction of a portable apparatus for preparing aerated
beverages composed of three vessels, combined in any convenient manner, the
first of such vessels serving as a gas generator, the second as a washer or
purifier, and the third as a containing vessel, from which the prepared beverage
may be drawn off as required.
Third, the application and use to and in bottles or vessels for containing
aerated liquids of a self-acting safety valve, for the purpose herein-before
described.
Fourth, the peculiar construction and arrangement of safety valve when
applied in the manner and for the purposes herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of November, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-one.
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.S.)