IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER SURFACES UNDER WATER, AND IN PREVENTING THE FORMATION OF BARNACLES AND OTHER ACCUMULATIONS THEREON, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE AS A PRESERVATIVE FROM THE EFFECTS OF MOISTURE OR DAMP, AND AS A CURE OR PREVENTIVE OF THE SCAB IN SHEEP AND A PROTECTION TO THEM FROM THE EFFECTS OF DAMP AND EXPOSURE
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Caunter, of Stornoway, in the Island of
Lewis, and County of Ross, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PRESERVING SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER SURFACES UNDER WATER, AND IN
PREVENTING THE FORMATION OF BARNACLES AND OTHER ACCUMULATIONS
THEREON, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE AS A PRESERVATIVE FROM
THE EFFECTS OF MOISTURE OR DAMP, AND AS A CURE OR PREVENTIVE OF
THE SCAB IN SHEEP AND A PROTECTION TO THEM FROM THE EFFECTS OF DAMP
AND EXPOSURE."
Sealed the 23rd May 1865, and dated the 30th November 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Caunter at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th November 1864.
I, HENRY CAUNTER, of Stornoway, in the Island of Lewis, and County of
Ross, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PRESERVING SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER SURFACES UNDER WATER, AND IN
PREVENTING THE FORMATION OF BARNACLES AND OTHER ACCUMULATIONS THEREON,
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE AS A PRESERVATIVE FROM THE EFFECTS
OF MOISTURE OR DAMP AND AS A CURE OR PREVENTIVE OF THE SCAB IN SHEEP

page_text: AND A PROTECTION TO THEM FROM THE EFFECTS OF DAMP AND EXPOSURE," to be as
follows:-
The improvements consist in employing the tar or greasy matter produced
by distilling peat combined with water by mixing in a mixing mill or other
suitable apparatus in the proportion of about 3 parts of the product from the
peat with about 1 part of water.
The composition obtained may be applied either in a cold or warm state by
means of a brush or otherwise, or by immersion. In some cases, particularly
for hot climates, I prefer to add to the composition a small proportion of
vegetable or mineral tar or other resinous substance. In some cases, the
crude tar or grease from the peat may be employed combined with the tar or
other resinous substance without water in proportion variable with the
temperature to which it may be exposed.
In applying the improvements as a dipping wash for sheep to prevent or
cure scab and protect them from the effects of damp and exposure, I add to
the matters a small quantity of soda or other alkali.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Caunter in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th May 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
CAUNTER, of Stornoway, in the Island of Lewis, and County of Ross, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Henry Caunter, Her special licence that I, the said Henry Caunter,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Henry Caunter, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PRESERVING SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER SURFACES UNDER WATER, AND IN
PREVENTING THE FORMATION OF BARNACLES AND OTHER ACCUMULATIONS THEREON,
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE AS A PRESERVATIVE FROM THE EFFECTJ

page_text: OF MOISTURE OR DAMP AND AS A CURE OR PREVENTIVE OF THE SCAB IN SHEEP AND A
PROTECTION TO THEM FROM THE EFFECTS OF DAMP AND EXPOSURE," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Caunter, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
-
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Caunter, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
The improvements relate to employing the tar or greasy matter produced
by distilling peat combined with water as a means of preserving ships' bottoms
and other surfaces under water, and of preventing the formation thereon of
barnacles and other accumulations, also as a preservative from the effects of
moisture or damp and as a cure or preventive of scab in sheep and a protec-
tion to them from the effects of damp and exposure. For this purpose I mix
the tar or greasy matter and the water in a mixing mill or other suitable
apparatus in the proportion of about 3 parts of the product from the peat with
about one part of water, but I do not confine myself to these proportions.
The composition obtained may be applied either in a cold or warm state by
means of a brush or otherwise or by immersion. In some cases, particularly
for hot climates, I prefer to add to the composition a small proportion of
vegetable or mineral tar or other resinous substance. In some cases the
crude tar or grease from the peat may be employed combined with the tar or
other resinous substance without water in proportion variable with the
temperature to which it may be exposed.
In applying the improvements as a dipping wash for sheep to prevent or curo
scab and protect them from the effects of damp and exposure, I add to the
matters a small quantity of soda or other alkali.
Having thus described my Invention and means which I adopt in carrying
the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim is, the use
of the tar or greasy matters obtained from the distillation of peat combined
with water for the preservation of ships' bottoms and other surfaces under
water, and for preventing the formation thereon of barnacles and other
accumulations, and the application of such matters as a preservative from the

page_text: effects of moisture or damp, and also to prevent or cure the scab in sheep
and to protect them from the effects of damp or exposure substantially as
explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Caunter, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Twenty-second day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
HENRY CAUNTER. (L.S.)