IMPROVEMENTS IN CHARGING OR FILLING AND FILLING UP CASES OR OTHER VESSELS FOR CONTAINING FERMENTING LIQUIDS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Tooth, of Burton-upon-Trent, Brewer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHARGING OR FILLING AND FILLING UP
CASES OR OTHER VESSELS FOR CONTAINING FERMENTING LIQUIDS."
Sealed the 23rd January 1857, and dated the 21st November 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Tooth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
November 1856.
I, CHARLES TOOTH, of Burton-upon-Trent, Brewer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHARGING OR FILLING AND
FILLING UP CASKS OR OTHER VESSELS FOR CONTAINING FERMENTING LIQUIDS," to be
as follows:-
The mode heretoforo commonly practised of filling casks with fermenting
liquids has been by a pipe placed in the top of the cask, the fermentation
passing off by the same pipe, the objections to which are that the pipe (and
cock attached thereto) become choked or clogged with yeast, and thus obstruct
the passage of the liquid into the cask, by which it has been found difficult in
practice to ascertain when the cask is full, and as several casks are usually
filled at one time, some casks have been found filled, and others only partly
filled.
These improvements are designed to obviate the above objections by the

page_text: following means:-Instead of placing the main filling pipe leading from the
fermenting tuns or squares along the tops of the several casks or other vessels
to be filled, I arrange and placo such said pipe, so that the branches therefrom
enter direct from the charging main into the heads of tho several casks, said
casks being suspended horizontally in a suituble frame, so that the filling of such
said casks, and filling up thereof to compensate for that which passes off in a
state of fermentation in the form of yeast, is effected by one and the same
pipe, whilst another pipe passes from the top of said cask into a long trough,
which receives the yeast as it escapes from the several casks by the afore-
said pipes fixed in the tops thereof. The size of the pipes and taps must
be in accordance with the size of the casks or other vessels to be filled, and
the expedition required for cleansing or starting the liquor from the squaro
or fermenting tuns. The filler up or feeding pipe may either be placed in tho
centre of each set or row of casks, or it may be placed at the end of the yeast
trough, or there may be a division made in the centre of said yeast trough.
The main charging pipo is connected to the feeder by a suitable tap for tho
purpose of filling up the several casks, and for emptying the yeast trough,
feeders, &c. &c.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Tooth in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st
May 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
TOOTH, of Burton-upon-Trent, Brewer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, givo and grant unto me, the
said Charles Tooth, Her special licenco that I, tho said Charles Tooth, my
exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, tho said Charlos
Tooth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at .any time agree
with and no others, from time to time, and at all timos thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHARGING OR
FILLING AND FILLING UP CASKS OR OTHER VESSELS POR CONTAINING FERMENTING
'LIQUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others), that 1, the said Charles Tooth,

page_text: my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Tooth, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say:-
The mode heretofore commonly practised of filling casks with fermenting
liquids has been by a pipe placed in the top of the cask, the fermentation
passing off by the syphon pipe, the objections to which are that the filling up
pipe (and cock attached thereto) become choked or clogged with yeast,, and
thus obstructed the passage of the liquid into the cask, by which it has been
found difficult in practice to ascertain when the cask is full, and as several
casks are usually filled at one time, some casks have been found filled, and
others only partly filled up.
My said improvements are designed to obviate the above objections, which
I propose to effect in the following manner, and by the following means,
that is to say: Instead of placing the main filling pipe leading from
the fermenting tuns or squares along the trough on the top of the several
casks or other vessels as commonly practised, I arrange and place such
said pipe, so that the branches therefrom enter direct from the charging
main into the heads of the soveral casks, said casks being suspended hori-
zontally in a suitable frame, so that the filling of such said casks, as also the
filling up of the same to compensate for that which passes off in a state of
fermentation in the form of yeast, is effected by one and the same pipe, whilst
another pipe passes from the top of said cask into a long trough which
receives the yeast as it escapes from the several casks by the aforesaid pipes
fixed in the tops thereof. The size of the pipes and taps must be in accordance
with the size of the casks or other vessels to be filled, and the degree of
expedition required for cleansing or starting the liquor from the squares or
fermenting tuns. The filler up or feeding pipe may either be placed in the
centre of each set or row of casks, or it may be placed at the end of the
yeast trough, or there may be a division made in the centre of said yeast
trough. The main charging pipe is connected to the feeder by a suitable tap
for the purpose of filling up the several casks, and for emptying the yeast
trough, feeders, &c. &c.

page_text: Figure 1 is an end view of the apparatus which I employ for effecting my
improvements in filling and filling up casks or other vessels for containing
fermenting liquids; Figuro 2 is a sido elevation of Figure 1. At each of the
foregoing Figures 1 employ similar letters of reference to denote corresponding
parts, in so far as such parts appear or can be seen at each of such said Figures
rospectively.
A, A, is the charging main which is connected with the fermenting squares,
such as are commonly used by brewers; B, B, connecting pipes leading to the
filling and filling up pipe or main of pipes C, C; said pipes are provided with
cocks at D. D, for connecting the same with the casks E, E, which casks are
supported in a framing F by bearing pieces a fixed thereto, and cross pieces of
metal b, b, temporarily driven into the heads of the several casks suflicient to
bear the weight of the cask and its contents during the operations of filling
and filling up of the same; G, G, are syphon pipes, one end of each of which
is inserted tight in the bung-hole of the cask, and the shorter leg of said.
syphons dips in the yeast trough II, formed of any suitable material; 1 is
vessel, which I term a feeder, same being formed crosswise of the aforesaid
yeast trougb, and having openings therein at c, c, by which the beer passes as
it drains from the yeast in the trough. This beer I propose to use for filling
up the casks, for which purpose I connect the vessel I with the pipo B, B, by
a pipo K, in which are fitted two cocks L and M; that marked L is for
charging the pipe C, C, from tho feeder after the communication between the
filling pipe C, C, and the fermenting squares has been cut off by turning the
cock d, or by other conveniont and suitable means; and that marked M is for
drawing off the liquid from the feeder and filling up pipe when necessary.
N, N, aro troughs for conveying the liquid into settling squaro from the cocks
0, 0, which are temporarily fixed into each of the several casks during the
filling and filling up thereof.
Having now fully described the nature and object of my said Invention of
"improvements in charging or filling and filling up casks or other vessels for
containing fermenting liquids, together with the best means I am acquainted
with for carrying the same into practical effect, I would remark in conclusion

page_text: that I hereby declare my Invention to consist in, and I claim the mode abovo
particularly described and set forth, of effecting the objects of my said
Invention as above stated, and represented by the illustrative Drawing hereunto
annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Tooth, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Nineteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
WILLIAM GIBBS,
Hornington, Burton-on-Trent.
CHAS TOOTH. (LS.)