Improvements in Metallic Wheels and Journals for the same.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Sept., 1886.
Complete Left, 17th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 12th Aug., 1887.
[Communicated from abroad by CHARLES GÉRARD, of 16, Rue de la Fonderie,
Mulhouse, Alsace, Manager of Ironworks]
Improvements in Metallic Wheels and Journals for the same.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of No. 46 Lincolns Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows :-
:-
This invention has reference to an improved construction of metallic wheel formed
of independent parts joined together by the simple application of fastening appliances.
The arrangement is such as to admit of each of the parts being prepared
independently of the others before putting together, and has moreover the advantage
of enabling each part to be readily changed in the event of its becoming damaged
from any cause.
In order to a clear understanding of the nature of the invention, I append by way
of example an illustrative drawing.
In this drawing, Fig. 1 is a central cross section of a wheel constructed according
to this invention, which is especially adapted to high class vehicles.
Fig. 2 is a similar section of a wheel for common vehicles.
Fig. 3 is a modification of the foregoing.
Fig. 4 shows in front elevation a disc of modified form adapted for the reception of
the spokes.
Fig. 5 illustrates a method of fixing the spokes which enables the tyre to be placed
under tension.
Lastly Fig. 6 illustrates portion of a wheel in front elevation.
In these figures like letters refer to the same parts.
For this wheel, as Fig. clearly shows, the axle journal is formed with two
shoulders or enlargements A and B, and an interior cavity C which, by means of
lubricating holes a, serves to convey oil to the centre of the bearing.
The parts A and B and the bearings are enclosed in a divided box D of bronze.

page_text: The cylindrical portion of this box receives a circular ring E, the arrangement of
which will be referred to hereinafter, and the screw-threaded conical portions that
terminate this box, receive two covers H and H¹ which hold together the intermediate
parts.
A projection b with which the part D is furnished, ensures the correct positions of
the parts Hand E.
The part E has a circular and conical recess C adapted to receive a correspondingly
formed tightening device or part R; on this latter rest the arms or spokes K of the
wheel which are loosely inserted in openings in the ring E, and are in consequence,
each free to move in the direction of its axis.
Towards the wheel rim, each arm or spoke is fitted in a moulded washer L, which is
fitted in an iron ring M which serves as a supplementary rim or tyre that receives and
retains the outer rim or tyre O.
This rim or tyre O, as shown in Fig. 1, is firmly secured in position on the ring M,
by means of its projecting borders d and by its being shrunk on. Each part of the
wheel is therefore movable, and the several parts are put together as follows:-
The
After placing the ring H¹ upon the axle, the two portions of the box D are placed
and kept in position by the pieces E and H¹; then the arms or spokes K and moulded
washers L are placed in position within the ring M and rim or tyre O.
tightening part or device R is then forced into the cavity c of the part E by screwing
the ring H on the box D, causing the arms or spokes to move outward, and thereby
causing the nave, the arms or spokes, and the rim or tyre, to be formed into a firm
whole which constitutes a complete wheel.
The lubrication of the bearing may be effected by oil which is placed in the
chamber C of the axle and in the box Ď by first removing the screws V and V¹ which
close the lubricating holes as shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 shows almost the same arrangement as that shown in Fig. 1, but whilst the
latter is more adapted for high-class carriages, that shown in Fig. 2 is more adapted
for common vehicles.
As shown in Fig. 2, the rings H and H₁ are not screw-threaded, but are secured by
bolts g. The engaging surfaces of these rings and the box D are conical also in this
case, in order to effect a better fastening by the bolts.
Fig. 3 shows a different arrangement for the nave. The journal ends in a spherical
head h, and the ring or part E is not formed with an exterior moulded border, but
each arm is provided with mouldings and is directly adjusted in the rim.
C
Fig. 4 shows a washer c which enables the tightening washer or device R shown
in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, to be dispensed with; it is provided with notch i to receive
wedges.
Fig. 5 shows a modified arrangement for ensuring the requisite end wise movement
of the arms or spokes K to produce the necessary tension of the rim or tyre. The
washer or ring E is provided with bushes P in which engage the screw-threaded lower
parts of the arms or spokes K. A screw-threaded washer S on each arm or spoke
serves as a nut, and will, when rotated, effect the forward movement of its attached
arm or spoke. As is obvious this invention may be carried out in various forms
without departure from its essential characteristics.
Dated this 18th day of Sontember 1886
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Metallic Wheels and Journals for the same.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of No. 46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention (a communication to me from abroad by Charles Gérard, of 16,
Rue de la Fonderie, Mulhouse, Alsace, Manager of Iron Works,) to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention has reference to an improved construction of metallic wheel formed
of independent parts joined together by the simple application of fastening appliances.
The arrangement is such as to admit of each of the parts being prepared independently
of the others before putting together, and has moreover the advantage of enabling
each part to be readily changed in the event of its being damaged from any cause.
Referring to sheet 1 filed with the provisional specification,
Fig. 1 is a central cross section of a wheel constructed according to this invention,
which is especially adapted to high class vehicles.
Fig. 2 is a similar section of a wheel for common vehicles.
Fig. 3 is a modification of the foregoing.
Fig. 4 shows in front elevation a disc of modified form adapted for the reception of
the spokes.
Fig. 5 illustrates a method of fixing the spokes which enables the tyre to be placed
under tension.
Lastly, Fig. 6 illustrates portion of a wheel in front elevation.
In these figures, like letters refer to the same parts.
For this wheel, as Fig. 1 clearly shows, the axle journal is formed with two
shoulders or enlargements A and B, and an interior cavity C which, by means of
lubricating holes a, serves to convey oil to the centre of the bearing. The
parts A and B and the bearings are enclosed in a divided box D of bronze. The
cylindrical portion of this box receives a circular ring E, the arrangement of which
will be referred to hereinafter, and the screw-threaded conical portions that terminate
this box receive two covers H and H which hold together the intermediate parts. A
projection b with which the part D is furnished ensures the correct positions of the
parts Hand E. The part E has a circular and conical recess c adapted to receive a
correspondingly formed tightening device or part R; on this latter rest the arms or
spokes K of the wheel which are loosely inserted in openings in the ring E, and are
in consequence each free to move in the direction of its axis. Towards the wheel rim,
each arm or spoke is fitted in a moulded washer L which is fitted in an iron ring M
which serves as a supplementary rim or tyre that receives and retains the outer rim or
tyre O. This rim or tyre O, as shown in Fig. 1, is firmly secured in position on the
Each part
ring M by means of its projecting borders d, and by its being shrunk on.
of the wheel is therefore movable, and the several parts are put together as follows:-
After placing the ring H¹ upon the axle, the two portions of the box D are placed and

page_text: kept in position by the pieces E and H¹; then the arms or spokes K and moulded
washers L are placed in position within the ring M and rim or tyre O. The
tightening part or device R is then forced into the cavity c of the part E by screwing
the ring on the box D, causing the arms or spokes to move outward, and thereby
causing the nave, the arms or spokes, and the rim or tyre to be formed into a firm
whole which constitutes a complete wheel.
The lubrication of the bearing may be effected by oil which is placed in the
chamber C of the axle and in the box D by first removing the screws V and V¹ which
close the lubricating holes, as shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 shows almost the same arrangement as that shown in Fig. 1, but whilst the
latter is more adapted for high-class carriages, that shown in Fig. 2 is more adapted
for common vehicles.
As shown in Fig. 2, the rings H and H' are not screw-threaded, but are secured by
bolts g. The engaging surfaces of these rings and the box D are conical also in this
case, in order to effect a better fastening by the bolts.
Fig. 3 shows a different arrangement for the nave. The journal ends in a spherical
head h, and the ring or part E is not formed with an exterior moulded border, but
each arm is provided with mouldings and is directly adjusted in the rim.
Fig. 4 shows a washer c which enables the tightening washer or device R shown
in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, to be dispensed with; it is provided with notch i to receive
wedges.
Fig. 5 shows a modified arrangement for ensuring the requisite end wise movement
of the arms or spokes K to produce the necessary tension of the rim or tyre. The
washer or ring E is provided with bushes P in which engage the screw-threaded lower
parts of the arms or spokes K. A screw-threaded washer S on each arm or spoke
serves as a nut, and will, when rotated, effect the forward movement of its attached
arm or spoke.
Figs. 7 to 11 in sheet 2 of the drawings show how the invention is realised when
used in combination with what is known as the patent axle tree.
Fig. 7 is a vertical section through the axis of the axle tree.
Fig. 8 is a section of the same wheel along a plane perpendicular to that taken in
the preceding figure.
Fig. 9 shows a modification in the mode of fitting the parts together.
Figs. 10 and 11 show two methods of fitting the felloe or tyre to the spokes.
The spokes a may thus be simple straight rods, either with a shoulder 6 (Fig. 10) or
without a shoulder (Fig. 11.)
The nave of the wheel consists of a simple piece c pierced vertically with holes for
the reception of the spokes, and pierced horizontally with recesses for the reception of
the wedges d which bear against the end of each spoke and secure the perfect rigidity
of the wheel.
The wedges d are fixed and maintained in position, on the one side by the annular
plate or washer e, and on the other side by the cap f; the washer and cap being
connected together by bolts g with a small play for the tightening or regulating the
wedges.
The piece c is hollowed out at h to form a lubricator. The removal of the screw i,
and of the screw k, if required, is sufficient for the introduction of the lubricant.
The interior extremity of the piece c is provided with an annular projection which
enters into a groove formed in the shoulder of the axle tree, and bears against a
packing ring or washer m. The opposite end of the piece c bears against a ring n
situated in the extremity of the journal of the axle tree.
As shown in Fig. 7, no screw-thread cutting is required, and the invention is
illustrated in its most simple form.
Fig. 9 illustrates a modification in which the piece c of the nave does not bear
directly upon the washer n, but upon a nut o screwed upon the journal of the axle tree
and locked by that washer and by a lock nut p, forming itself the cap and entering
into the interior of the tightening capf.
Lubrication is effected as in the modification illustrated in Fig. 7.

page_text: As is obvious, this invention may be carried out in various forms without departure
from its essential characteristics.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner it is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is
-
1. In a wheel constructed entirely of metal, the combination with an axle journal
having two shoulders A and B, and a central lubricating hole C, of a box D in two
parts, a ring E having a conical recess for the reception of the tightening-up washer R,
and provided with holes for the reception of spokes, covers H and H', and the wedge
shaped washer R, substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1 to 6 of the
drawings.
2. In a wheel or pulley constructed entirely of metal, fastening the spokes on the
end next the nave by inserting them into holes of a ring or nave E, and at the end
next the felloe or tyre by inserting them into the holes of a ring or wheel rim upon
which the tyre is subsequently fitted, substantially as described and for the purpose
specified.
3. In a wheel or pulley constructed entirely of metal, the combination with the nave
piece c, provided with vertical holes for the reception of the ends of the spokes, and
with horizontal recesses for the reception of the tightening-up wedges d, of the
tightening-up plate e and of the cap f, which latter two are connected together by
bolts R, substantially as described with reference to the Figs. 7, 8, and 9 of the
drawings.
4. The improved wheel and axle constructed, arranged, and operating substantially
as described with reference to Fig. 1, to Fig. 2, to Fig. 3, to Fig. 5, to Figs. 7 and 8,
and to Fig. 9 of the drawings.