matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN FLOATING VESSELS FOR CARRYING GOODS AND PASSENGERS ON THE WATER
Year: 1855

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Harvey Henry at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th October
1855.
I, JAMES HARVEY HENRY, of Glasgow, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FLOATING VESSELS FOR CARRYING GOODS AND
PASSENGERS ON THE WATER" to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the constructing of floating vessels for
carrying goods and passengers in such manner that the body of the vessel
shall be supported above the surface of the water by means of hollow cylin-
drical floats, with curved ends, free to revolve on their axles, such vessels being,
by preference, propelled by paddle wheels, applied on either side of the body
of the vessel. For this purpose the body of the vessel will, by preference, be
made principally of sheet metal, and of great strength, by dividing parts into
cells by longitudinal bulkheads, and otherwise to give strength, as is well
understood in making other structures, but other means of constructing the
body of the vessel may be resorted to, so long as the means employed will
offer great strength. To the under sides of the body of the vessel the hollow
cylinders are applied, preferring them to be of sheet metal, their axles being
received in suitable side bearings, so that the axles may run free when the
vessel is being propelled, and it is preferred that the hollow cylinders should
only be immersed to the extent of about one-third their diameter. When the

page_text: vessel is propelled by paddle wheels, they are placed on either side of the body
of the vessel, and are actuated by steam power carried in the body of the
vessel. The guiding is, by preference, to be accomplished by a rudder or
rudders about midships, in order that the vessel. may go either end forwards,
but other means of guiding may be resorted to. By such a construction of
vessel it is anticipated that greater velocity will be obtained with comparatively
small power.
A NEW METHOD OF OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edouard Sy at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd September
1855.
I, EDOUARD SY, Machinist, of Paris, in the Empire of France, and of
32, Essex Street, Strand, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW METHOD OF OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER" to be as
follows:-
The basis and principle of my apparatus is, that when any body is dipped
into a liquid it is submitted to a pressure from below equal to the difference
between its own weight and the weight of the mass of water displaced, and it
consists of a fly wheel, on which eight hollow cylinders are fixed, and of a roller,
which admits the eight cylinders. The whole apparatus is dipped into a basin
filled with water; the water, being laid parallelly, may assume an oblique
position with respect to the fly wheel. As the cylinders are issuing from the
roller with the same length, and the bulk of the liquid displaced is the same
on both sides of the vertical plane, there will be an equilibrium; but if the
roller be brought to an oblique position with respect to the fly wheel, the
cylinders placed on one side of the axis will be uncovered, whilst those on
the other are covered; the volume of the liquid displaced is then unequal, and
consequently the pressure is greater on one side than on the other, which will

page_text: cause a motion in that sense; and as this motion will bring a new cylinder
to the first position, the motion will for the same reason continue, and thus
indefinitely as long as the roller is kept in the oblique position. The motion
may be reversed by bringing the roller to an inverted position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CASKS OR BARRELS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gedge at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th August 1855.
-A communication.
I, JOHN GEDGE, of No. 4, Wellington Street South, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CASKS OR BARRELS," communi-
cated to me by Michel Lavaud, of Lebourne, France, to be as follows:-
I propose, for the purpose of heading puncheons, hogsheads, or other casks,
to use an apparatus, which, by taking up and firmly holding together all the
pieces comprising what is technically termed the heading, will save one half
the time now employed in the operation. The apparatus may be made of
metal or wood. On a plane or scale two cramp irons are to be placed (one
of them being moveable); then gather the parts together, and they are then
secured by a vice; this effected, with two screws the wood is firmly secured to
the scale or plane aforesaid; the circle is then struck in the usual manner,
and by a single saw-cut the head is formed, which is then to be planed or
shaved at the edges, which can be done on both sides by merely turning
the apparatus over.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS, AND IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF PREPARING OR GENERATING STEAM, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Cartwright Holmes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
October 1855.
I, WILLIAM CARTWRIGHT HOLMES, of Huddersfield, in the County of
York, Gas Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS, AND IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF PREPARING
OR GENERATING STEAM, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as
follows:-
I propose to fix or place within each of the ordinary flue tubes of boilers a
water tube, communicating with the water of the boiler at each end, and placed
at a slight angle to the horizontal line to allow the water to circulate through
them. I recess the boiler on the under side at each end; the draft or heat of
the fire will consequently pass through the annular space left between the two
tubes. I adapt this water tube to every flue, however numerous they may be,
and it is evident that I can by this plan regulate the expansion of surcharged
steam previous to its introduction to the engine. The nature of this apparatus
will be understood by reference to the accompanying outline Drawing, in
which a represents the water tube, and 6 the annular space between the
two tubes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF PROJECTILES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Oliver R. Burnham at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th March
1855.
I, OLIVER R. BURNHAM, of New York, in the United States of America, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF PROJECTILES" to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in the construction of
projectiles in order that they may be caused to fit the bore of the gun when
discharged therefrom, whether the gun be rifled or plain, such fitting being
obtained by an expanding hoop or ring; and in order to give rotation to pro-
jectiles when fired from a gun with a plain bore, there are inclined passages
communicating with a central passage. For these purposes, each projectile,
whether solid or hollow, is made with holes or passages at the back, which
proceed some distance into the projectile, where all the holes or passages
communicate with a common groove or recess around the projectile. In a
grove around the projectile is formed and fixed a hoop or band of lead or
soft metal, which corresponds in diameter with the outer surface of the pro-
jectile, which is made cylindrical for some part of its length; hence, when
such a projectile is placed in a gun and discharged therefrom, the force of the
charge pressing through the holes at the back into the recess on the interior
forces the hoop of soft metal outwards, and causes it to fill the bore, whether

page_text: the barrel be rifled or not. When it is desired to obtain rotatory motion to
a projectile discharged from a plain or unrifled barrel, then the projectiles are
each made with a passage in the centre of the front end, proceeding to some
distance into the projectile, where the passage then branches out in inclined
directions backwards, and from the centre outwards; by which construction,
when such a projectile is passing through the air, the air will rush through
the central passage, and pass out laterally through the branch passages, by
which rotatory motion will result to the projectile.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IODINE AND IODIDES, AND OF A PIGMENT OR PIGMENTS FROM CERTAIN RESIDUAL PRODUCTS IN SUCH MANUFACTURE
Year: 1855

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Wilson and John Horsley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
7th March 1855.
We, JOHN WILSON, of Hurlet, in the County of Renfrew, Esquire, and
JOHN HORSLEY, of Cheltenham, in the County of Gloucester, Analytical
Chymist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IODINE AND IODIDES, AND OF A PIGMENT OR PIGMENTS
FROM CERTAIN RESIDUAL PRODUCTS IN SUCH MANUFACTURE," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists, first, in the employment of chromates and bi-chro-
mates of the alkalies soda or potash, in conjunction with any mineral acid,
for effecting the precipitation of iodine from its solutions.
Second, in the use of nickel and zinc in the manufacture of iodides of the
metallic bases potassium and sodium.
And, third, in the manufacture of a certain pigment or pigments or enamel
colors from the residual liquors.
AN IMPROVED GAUNTLET GLOVE, AND CUFFED GLOVE
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Nuttall at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th November
1855.
I, JAMES NUTTALL, of Silver Street, in the City of London, Glove Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
GAUNTLET GLOVE, AND CUFFED GLOVE" to be as follows (that is to say):-
My Invention, which has for its object to improve the gauntlet gloves and
cuffed gloves, consists in so attaching the gauntlets or cuffs to gloves of ordi-
nary descriptions, that instead of leaving the ends of the said gauntlets or cuffs
open as at present, for the convenience of drawing on or off the gloves, I cause
the upper portion of the ends thereof to be securely. sewn together, and the
gauntlets or cuffs to be attached by stitching, or otherwise, to the tops of gloves
in the usual manner; and between the wrist and the underneath portion or
palm of the glove I insert or attach elastic material, so that by expansion or
contraction thereof a more perfect fit and elegant appearance may be obtained
than hitherto..
Leather, furr, silk, woolen, cotton, and thread, and all other descriptions of
glove fabrics may be employed in my improved gloves, and the said gauntlet
gloves or cuffed gloves may be cut out in one piece from any suitable fabric,
and the elastic material inserted or attached, as aforesaid.

page_text: I claim the uniting of the upper portions of the said gauntlets or cuffs, which
may be made of leather printed on both sides, or any other suitable material,
and the opening between the wrist and the underneath portion or palm for
attaching or inserting elastic material, as above described.
A MEANS OF PREPARING THE FIBRES OF CERTAIN PLANTS OF THE BEAN SPECIES, IN ORDER TO FORM THEM INTO PULP, AND TO FIT THEM FOR OTHER MANUFACTURING PURPOSES
Year: 1855

page_text: nts invention receive
TOLECTION,
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th February 1855.-A communication.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A MEANS OF PREPARING THE FIBRES OF CERTAIN PLANTS OF THE BEAN SPECIES,
IN ORDER TO FORM THEM INTO PULP, AND TO FIT THEM FOR OTHER MANUFACTURING
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The plants operated upon are all those of that particular bean species
known as French beans, scarlet runners, &c. &c., and they are submitted to
the following treatment:-The plants are boiled in water for about three hours.
On being removed from the water they are allowed to drain and are subjected
to strong pressure, after which they are boiled in soap water for about three
hours. On being removed from the water they are partially dried, and are next
removed to a rubbing machine, which rubs all the parts of the plants against
cach other. The rubbing is maintained until the plants become dry, in which
state the fibres are separated from the coarser parts of the plant by a scutching
machine or comb. Those parts which have been separated from the finer
fibres are again boiled in soap water for about six hours, when they are in a
state of pulp fit for the manufacture of paper. The fibres previously removed
may be employed for various manufacturing purposes.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PADDLE WHEELS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas M'Low at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd May 1855.
I, THOMAS McLow, of Staples Inn Buildings, No. 6, Middle Row, Holborn,
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN PADDLE WHEELS" to be as follows:-
This improvement relates to regulating the angle of feathering float paddle
wheels, whereby the float is made to enter the water in the same manner as
common paddle wheels, or to any angle with the water, as may be deemed
advisable, to suit the speed of the engine without stopping the progress of the
vessel to make such alterations.
The feathering float paddle wheels now in use are made so as to cause the
float to enter the water at one particular angle, and on account of its oblique
direction rises out without lifting any back water; and this is accomplished
by causing the wheel which bears the paddles to revolve on one centre, and
the radial arms which move the paddles, and are fixed to an eccentric strap to
revolve on another centre, the eccentric, however, being stationary, and bolted
or fastened to the side of the vessel.
For regulating the angle of the floats according to this improvement, the
eccentric is made to move in a horizontal and vertical direction, causing the
floats to assume any angle as required when entering the water.
ment of the eccentric is effected by the use of levers, screws, or cog wheels.

page_text: The position of the floats in the water is indicated on a graduated scale on the
paddle box or in the engine room. The floats on leaving the water will still
assume the same oblique direction as the present feathering floats, or any
other angle as may be deemed requisite.
The above mode of regulating the angle of the floats may be applied to
overhanging or double-bearing paddle wheels.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS
Year: 1855

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pierre Hippolyte Gustave Bérard
Touzelin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 22nd January 1855.
I, PIERRE HIPPOLYTE GUSTAVE BÉRARD TOUZELIN, of Paris, Empire of
France, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS " to be as follows:-
These improvements have reference to the manufacture of artificial flowers,
leaves, plants, petals, &c., and consist of a mode of,-
1st, removing the superfluous wax from off the leaves or other parts of
artificial flowers, by interposing these leaves or other parts between sheets
of paper, or other suitable materials capable of absorbing part of the wax, by
applying heat or other suitable agency.
2nd, fixing a sheet or sheets of gelatine, isinglass, or other suitable trans-
parent bodies, either pure or mixed with any suitable colouring or glittering
brilliant substances, to one or to both sides of the tissues or other materials
from which artificial flowers are to be manufactured; these tissues or other
materials being either in the state of piece goods, or already brought to the
form of leaves or other parts of artificial flowers.
3rd, goffering the said sheets of gelatine, isinglass, or other suitable bodies,

page_text: either before or after the same have been fixed to the said tissues or other
suitable materials, by means of suitable moulds or matrices for pressing them
in the cold or heated state.
4th, employing the leaves or other parts of artificial flowers manufactured
according to the above described Invention conjointly with such parts of
.ordinary artificial flowers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CASES FOR SPECTACLES AND SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gedge at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th May 1855.-A
communication.
I, JOHN GEDGE, of No. 4, Wellington Street South, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CASES FOR SPECTACLES AND SIMILAR ARTICLES," com-
municated to me by J. B. Sécrétant, of Lavaux, near Saint Claude, to be
as follows:-
This Invention consists in forming the inner portion of the receiver or case
in the exact form of the spectacles which are to be placed therein. The
case may be made of two end pieces and a centre when desirable, to which
centre the end pieces are adapted. The material I propose to emply is
melted horn or shell, which I compress into moulds of the form or forms
required.
The advantage obtained is, the preservation of the spectacles from those
injuries to their form or glasses to which they are subjected by the use of
cases made without reference to such form or shape.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND TOOLS FOR CUTTING AND CARVING WOOD AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bridges Adams at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
October 1855.
I, WILLIAM BRIDGES ADAMS, of No. 1, Adam Street, Adelphi, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND TOOLS FOR CUTTING AND
CARVING WOOD AND OTHER MATERIALS " to be as follows:-
In modes of cutting wood or other materials into irregular forms by means
of vertical or horizontal revolving cutters worked by steam or other power,
the form of cutting being determined by a dumb or non-cutting tracer moving
over the surface of a model, similar to the method used in the drawing instru-
ment called a pentagraph.
In arranging the tracers in different sizes, so that by removing and replacing
them the depths of cut can be increased in succession, with the effects of jack
and smoothing planes, to rough out and smooth the work.
In arranging the revolving cutters to cut either sideways or endways.
In arranging the frames of the machines with metallic or other beds, so
that the wood may lie at rest and be supported below without vibration, the
beds being arranged to receive either plane or irregular surfaces, so that
the holding-down cramps or fastenings may hold any part without straining the
wood out of its natural position of fibre, and the revolving cutters may travel
freely over top, ends, and sides of the wood without impediment.

page_text: In making the frames self-contained, so that they will not require attachment
to walls or buildings to support the machinery.
In constructing the frames with diagonal braces, to render them firm and
prevent vibration, or with double beams.
In running the hard polished mandrils which carry the tools or revolving
cutters in carriers or bearers of tin, or other metal lining the iron support.
In making the sheeve or pulley on the mandril an elastic attachment or
movement, so as to prevent jar.
In making the tools in the mandrils to rise and fall by screw or other
adjustment.
In making circular saws or cutters with a mandril and pulley on one side,
to leave the other side free to cut planes at the ends of hollows, as for gun-
barrel butts, where the semi-cylindrical hollow ends against a rectangular
plane.
In applying the revolving cutters in mandrils or secondary mandrils, bored
excentrically, so that by turning the cutter round the increasing projection from
the centre may compensate for the wear, or serve to increase the depth of the
cut when required.
In applying revolving polishers, elastic or otherwise, formed as files or rasps,
or armed with fish skin or other material, for the purpose of removing tool
marks.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING MARBLE AND SIMILAR MATERIALS
Year: 1855

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Colles at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th January 1855.
-A communication.
I, ALEXANDER COLLES, of Millmount, in the County of Kilkenny, Ireland,
Marble Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING MARBLE AND SIMILAR MATERIALS," communicated
to me from abroad, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved system or mode of hanging or
suspending the swinging saw frames of stone or marble cutting apparatus, and.
also to an improved system or mode of rasing or lowering the same; and con-
sists in suspending the swinging frame, which carries the saws horizontally,
from the over-head transverse beams or " chopping bars," by short chains in
place of long lengths, as has been hitherto adopted abroad, by which means a
chopping as well as a sawing action is effected, consequent on the reduced
radius of the saw's action, thereby bringing the saw frame down more sud-
denly on to the surface of the material to be cut than when a longer length
of suspension chains is employed. The arrangement for raising or lowering
the saw frame consists of an over-head drum, round which the elevating
chains or ropes are wound. These chains or ropes pass from the drum over
two pairs of guide pulleys, situated over the four extremities of the "chopping
bars," to which they are secured; these bars slide vertically in suitable guide

page_text: slots in the vertical supports of the framing. On one end of the over-head
drum, herein-before referred to, is fitted a grooved pulley of larger diameter
than the drum, and over this pulley is wound a rope, which, after passing round
a guide pulley, is attached to and wound round a second drum or windlass; on
the end of this second drum is fitted a grooved pulley, similar to the first-
mentioned pulley on the drum, and it is of larger diameter than the drum to
which it is secured. A rope is wound round this pulley, and is carried
upwards and passed over an over-head guide pulley, the free end of the rope
hanging downwards, having attached to it a small counterweight to balance
the weight of the swing saw frame. By this arrangement of small drums
and large pulleys sufficient power is obtained to balance a heavy saw frame
by a comparatively small weight, and as the weight of the frame is made to
overcome to a very slight extent only the action of the counterweight, it
follows that the saw frame will be easily raised by very slight force applied
to the barrel of the second drum, whilst its weight is sufficient to allow it to
descend gradually as the cutting proceeds, the counterweight rising, of course,
as the saw frame descends.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Cook at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th March
1855.
I, BENJAMIN COOK, of Chester Street, Kennington, in the County of Surrey,
Furnace Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE" to be as
follows:-
Instead of the various modes of consuming or preventing the escape of
smoke from chimneys, &c. hitherto employed, I propose to affix to the front
or opening of the furnace a framing having two or even more doors. One of
these doors, the lowermost, will be the usual door opening for the purpose
of feeding the furnace; and the other, or uppermost door, will be for the
admission or production of highly rarified and subdivided air. I also propose
placing at the feeding portion of the furnace opening, and (as it were) under
the floor thereof, a dead plate (which plate. will be cast or made hollow);
from this plate, or the floor of the feeding part of the furnace, the furnace bars
will rise in an incline upwards to the middle of the furnace bridge; the
furnace bars may be made hollow or solid. I expect to obtain air at the con-
nection of the bars and the bridge, which air will proceed from the hollow
of the dead plate through the ash-pit between or through the furnace bars.

page_text: The furnace doors I propose to divide (the upper from the lower) by an
horizontal dead plate, which shall shut off the communication between the
lower or feeding and the upper portion of the front part of the furnace. I
propose dividing the upper part between the dead plate and the roof of the
furnace (or the boiler, as the case may be,) into chambers or departments;
these chambers will be perforated at their sides, as also will the dead plate,
just mentioned; and thus-I-propose obtaining-subdivided-and-highly rarified
air from above, and so prevent smoke ussuing from chimneys, stalks, or other
outlets, except at the first lighting the fires.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER METERS, WHICH ARE APPLICABLE ALSO FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1855

page_text: ww now giver waters
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joshua Hudson and George Robert
Williams at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 24th May 1855.
I, JOSHUA HUDSON, of Laurel Place, Queen's Road, Dalston, in the
County of Middlesex, and I, GEORGE ROBERT WILLIAMS, of Stanley Street,
Chelsea, also in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER METERS, WHICH ARE APPLICABLE
ALSO FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF OTHER FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
Our improvements in fluid meters refer to meters of that class which in
measuring have a rotatory motion imparted to them, and consisting of a
rotating drum or cylinder, placed eccentric to its outer casing, with pistons or
diaphragms, which are projected from and withdrawn within the rotating drum,
and occupying the space between it and the outer cylinder or casing.
Our improvements consist in the peculiar application and arrangement of
curves (portions of circles), constituting the inner or working surface of the
outer cylinder or chamber. The form of the outer measuring chamber is such,
that a straight line drawn through the centre of inner cylinder and projected in
opposite directions to touch the outer cylinder, will be precisely the same length
in whatever direction such line may be drawn. This being the case, we place
two opposite pistons or separating diaphragms in connection with each other

page_text: by rods passing through the centre of inner drum. The pistons will remain
comparatively tight, although opposite pairs are thus rigidly connected; but in
order to make up for any inequality in the manufacture, we apply spring
facings or packings to their points of contact with the outer cylinder. The
outer cylinder is divided into four parts or segments, two of which are described
from the centre of the inner drum, one of a greater radius than the other. The
smaller segment is of the same radius as the inner drum, which works and fits
closely thereto, while the space between the inner drum and the larger segment
is the measure of capacity, determined also by the pistons.
The larger segment is placed diametrically opposite to the smaller segment,
and the two parts are joined by segments of circles, so arranged that the
measures of extreme diameter at any point are as before described. The
meter is thus divided into four parts; one in which the measure takes
place, and into which the pistons project, while at the opposite diameter
they recede within the drum; while the segments connecting these two con-
centric segments form the inclines acting on the pistons, at the one of which
the inflow takes place, and at the other the outflow. The ends of the inner
drum are provided with suitable packings, to prevent the passage of the fluid
through the meter otherwise than through the measuring chamber.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF METALLIC FLOORING SUPPORTS FOR FLOORS, WALLS, OR PARTITIONS OF BUILDINGS
Year: 1855

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gedge at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th January
1855. A communication from M. Nicolas Gervis, of Paris, in the Empire
of France.
I, JOHN GEDGE, of No. 4, Wellington Street South, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF METALLIC FLOORING SUPPORTS
FOR FLOORS, WALLS, OR PARTITIONS OF BUILDINGS," (a communication,) to be 'as
follows:-
I propose to make my flooring of iron in double T or single T iron, and
to confine it to the dimensions of its own construction. By the use of
such flooring, transoms filled with plaster or of plaster itself will be
obviated, and this is desirable, as the use of such has been found to be
extremely dangerous, first, as additional weight or surcharge in rooms
of large dimensions; again, by the disengagement of moisture contained
in the plaster, which occasions the oxidation of metals, and even causes
fractures thereof; and, lastly, by its hurtful action on the health of the
inhabitants of houses or places where paved or tiled floors are used. I
intend so to place the iron bars or rafters, tie and binding pieces, that

page_text: T
Tiron
support shall be given thereby not only to the framing of the floor itself,
but also to and by the walls or partitions of the building, and a complete
ventilation and uniform elasticity secured; and for the greater security of the
framing I propose to use tie pieces curved at one end and notched at the other,
which is fastened in its place by screw or nut. I further propose to use iron
double and half double T framing, to receive the partitions or ends or faces
of walls or ends of rafters above shops and other similar openings, which is to
act as a breastsummer, and the two parts thereof I intend to fit, let, or set
into each other, and this breastsummer will be more or less curved. Where
great strength is required for support, I propose to use two parts of
to form a breastsummer, and work the min according to the requirements of
each case; the principal use of this portion of the Invention being for saloons
where balls are given, and other places where numerous persons are usually
assembled, or great weights stored on the floors. This breatsummer will be
arched, forming the segment of a circle, and the openings left between the iron
pieces are to be filled in with bricks or other suitable material; in the centre
will be fixed a piece or length of iron in two parts, the lower strait and the
upper arched, so as to bind or tie the courses of bricks aforesaid, and serve
also to maintain the abutments of the breastsummer; the extremities of this
said piece of iron are to be secured by bolts and nuts.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lemuel Wellman Wright at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
May 1855.
I, LEMUEL WELLMAN WRIGHT, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS " to be as follows, that is to say:-
The Invention consists in constructing a form of lock in which the key has
to pass one or a series of slotted plates or wards which it meets at every half
A. screw pin (being an exact counterpart of the key, which is a screw
key,) is fitted to the lock plate and receives the key, on the lower end o. which
may be a bit to catch one or more tumblers. A cam piece is attached to the
stem of the screw pin at its lower end and under the bolt, and when in a
state of rest is in a line almost parallel with and against a portion of the bolt.
Friction rollers may or may not be used; if used they will work on a pin cr
stud. The tumbler or tumblers are applied to the side of the bolt, working
by means of a spring in a slot or notch, which tumblers are raised by the key
in the act of locking only, and not when applied for unlocking. The screw
key both in locking and unlocking turns in the same direction.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN PREVENTING THE EVIL EFFECTS OF THE RECOIL OF CANNON
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Edward Flynn at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th July
1855.
I, HENRY EDWARD FLYNN, of Retreat, Ranelagh, in the County of Dublin,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PREVENTING THE EVIL EFFECTS OF THE RECOIL OF CANNON" to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in suspending a cannon or mortar by means of sus-
pension bars from an overhead framing. The cannon or mortar is suspended
by its trunnions, and is mounted in a carriage or frame, which while the gun
is pointed rests on the ground, but when the gun is fired the recoil is restrained
by the suspension bars, and the gun with the carriage is raised from the
ground, and in thus raising the weight of the gun the force of the recoil is
absorbed.
AN IMPROVED. MODE OF TREATING VULCANIZED OR CURED INDIA-RUBBER
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Penney, of York Place, Baker Street,
Portman Square, in the County of Middlesex, Varnish Maker, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED. MODE OF TREATING VULCANIZED OR CURED
INDIA-RUBBER."
Sealed the 22nd May 1855, and dated the 28th February 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Penney at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th February 1855.
I, HENRY PENNEY, of York Place, Baker Street, Portman Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Varnish Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF TREATING VULCANIZED OR CURED INDIA-
RUBBER" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel process of utilizing vulcanized or cured
india-rubber. For this purpose I cut up the material into small pieces, and
steep it in coal tar, naptha, or other solvent of india-rubber, in order to swell
it. When the material has thus been deprived of its elasticity I remove it
from the naphtha or other spirit and drain or dry it; I next submit it to

page_text: heat, and thereby reduce it to a fluid state. When the naphtha has been
completely driven off, I add to the fluid material a small quantity of spirits of
turpentine or other spirit, which is then volatilized by the heat. The india-
rubber is then capable of being moulded into any required form, or otherwise
applied.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRIMING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1855

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josiah Harrington at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st January
1855.
I, JOSIAH HARRINGTON, of 14, Pelham Street, Brompton, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PRIMING FIRE-ARMS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a combination of apparatus, which when put in
motion by a movement of the trigger guard, or other instrument in connection
therewith, will put a detonating cap on to the nipple. For this purpose, a
link is attached to the trigger guard, which is made capable of movement,
or the link may be attached to another instrument. The link gives motion
to a lever, which at one end is connected with a sliding cap holder, which is
arranged to receive a cap each time it comes back into its place of rest.
The sliding cap holder moves in and is guided by grooves on the under side
of a plate, which moves on a hinge at its back end. This plate is also so
formed as to take off the previous cap as the plate goes up to allow the cap
holder to come forward. By this arrangement, when the fire-arm has been
loaded, the act of moving the trigger guard, or the other instrument to which

page_text: the link is connected, gives motion to the link, and consequently to the sliding
cap holder and the hinged plate, by which a cap is placed on the nipple, and
the going back of the cap holder will place it in position to receive another
cap, and thus be again in a condition to be moved to the nipple when required.
A NEW INSTRUMENT FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF MEDICINAL SUBSTANCES
Year: 1855

page_text: plication for Letters Latent was not given
by the Act.)
the
ceme preserv
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Paulin Lolmède at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th June 1855.
I, PAULIN LOLMÈDE, of Saux (Département du Lot), in the Empire of
France, Physician, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW INSTRUMENT FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF MEDICINAL SUBSTANCES " to be
as follows:-
These instruments are used for introducing medicinal substances into the
human body through the rectum intestine. They have a cylindrical shape,
each end is rounded off, and at their periphery there are small recesses or cells
for the purpose of containing the necessary pharmaceutical preparations. They
are provided with a small string fixed at one of the ends, passing through a
central perforation, and issueing at the opposite end.
These instruments may vary in size: the smallest ones I use are one inch
and three-tenths of an inch in circumference, the length being of the same
dimensions; whilst the largest are from about 2 inches and 4-tenths of an
inch to 2 inches and eight-tenths of an inch in circumference, and as much in
length.

page_text: The materials used for making the said instruments are pulverized carbonate
of iron, the ashes of mineral coal, and starch or wheat flour. These substances
are mixed with about an equal quantity of water, and the mass thus obtained
is moulded in suitable moulds and left to dry. The small string serves to take
them out.
Az
Ap
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN OR TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1855

page_text: atent was or given
prescrived
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gedge at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th May 1855.-
A communication.
I, JOHN GEDGE, of No. 4, Wellington Street South, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN OR TEXTILE FABRICS,"
communicated to me by J. B. N. Coupé, of Saint Quentin, to be as follows:-
In the manufacture of divers articles of linen, cloths, &c., when it is desired,
by the use of ordinary fabrics, to produce certain effects known technically as
'piqures," and other analogous designations, it is usual to draw out of such
fabrics threads, so as to render the work of designing more easy and regular;
this is practised in making the fronts of shirts and other similar work. To
save the time and trouble expended in this preparation of material, I propose
to employ, in making the fabric itself, threads of silk, wool, or of other kinds,
which I introduce in the warp or woof of the fabric, as the desired patterns
may render necessary, and which being cut or otherwise destroyed during the
process of cleansing the fabric, by the substances used for that purpose, will
naturally leave in their places a vacuum or vacancy, which will represent the
drawn threads. .
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
Year: 1855

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Willan and Daniel Mills
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
9th October 1855.-A communication.
We, ROBERT WILLAN and DANIEL MILLS, of Blackburn, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS" to be as follows:-
In the manufacture of ribbed and similar fancy goods, instead of the usual
counter shaft with its wheels and apparatus to work the treddles, we make the
tappet in halves, so as to slide to the right and left in a groove or key bed on
the tappet shaft, and we use two bosses grooved in a serpentine or cam form,
which bosses also slide on the tappet shaft with the tappets to the right and
left; these bosses may be either made fast to the tappets or loose, as most
convenient. The treddle levers working into the said serpentine grooves of
the bosses during their revolution, work the treddles in a similar manner to
the old method of working them by the feet, by which we dispense with the
ordinary counter shaft and its concomitant apparatus. The accompanying
outline Drawing shews the peculiar form of the serpentine or cam grooves in
the bosses, which is the peculiar feature of this Invention, as communicated to
us from abroad; but we do not confine ourselves to the length of the bosses as
shewn in the Drawing, as it is evident that we can extend the principle
according to the number of treddles to be worked.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINE OR CYLINDER PRINTING
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John McNicol at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th November
1855.
I, JOHN M°NICOL, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Designer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINE OR CYLINDER PRINTING" to be as follows:-
I propose to make the doctor of a much stronger description than has
hitherto been adopted, and fix very strong brass bushes at each end, so that
when it comes in contact with the copper rollers and colors I shall be enabled
to print blotch grounds as well as white grounds, the former having been
generally done by hand, or what is termed "block-printing." I make the
doctor the whole width of the copper roller by which I am enabled to print a
solid six, eight, or ten inches, or the whole width of the piece, if desired;
whereas on the present system a solid cannot be produced of more than about
one inch and a half in breadth. By this method I shall also be able to produce
a more brilliant solid than can be done by the block.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BUFFERS, DRAW SPRINGS, AND BEARING SPRINGS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Myers and John Wright
Potter at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 18th June 1855.
We, EDWARD MYERS, of Rotherham, in the County of York, Engineer, and
JOHN WRIGHT POTTER, of the same Place, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BUFFERS, DRAW SPRINGS, AND
BEARING SPRINGS " to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved construction and arrangement of
pneumatic buffers, draw springs, and bearing springs, whereby a more simple
and effective action is obtained than by the arrangements at present in use.
The elastic medium is obtained by the application of atmospheric air confined
in a cylinder, in which works an air-tight piston, the rod of which is fitted
with a buffer head, or is connected to the draw bar, or attached to the body
of the carriage, according as the apparatus is used as a buffer, draw spring,
or bearing spring.
The bottom of the cylinder is closed, with the exception of a small air
aperture, which is fitted with an air valve opening inwards. The lid or
cover of the cylinder is left open, or perforated, to admit the air freely into
the front end of the cylinder. The rod of the piston or plunger passes through

page_text: an aperture formed for that purpose in the cylinder cover. In case a slight
escape or leakage of air should occur through the air valve, it is proposed
to employ a spring or springs for the purpose merely of returning the piston to
its original position again, after being brought into action; but this spring
or springs is not proposed to be used as a buffing action, its function being
simply to return the piston to the end of the cylinder when the elasticity of
the compressed air in the cylinder is not sufficient to effect that purpose.
The spring or springs may or may not be used, as found desirable, and they
may be enclosed either inside the cylinder, or in suitable chambers cast for
that purpose on the sides of the cylinder.
By another arrangement, the cylinder of the buffer may be partially filled
with liquid, and an air chamber formed at the end of it communicating with
the interior of the cylinder, so that, as the piston is pushed into the cylinder, the
level of the liquid will rise and compress the air within the air chamber, thereby
forming an effective cushion or elastic medium for the piston to press against.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MILLS FOR REDUCING GRAIN AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Nathaniel Smith at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th October
1855.
I, NATHANIEL SMITH, of Thrapston, in the County of Northampton,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MILLS FOR REDUCING GRAIN AND OTHER SUBSTANCES" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the employment of two cones placed in a reverse
direction to each other, that is to say, with the base of one cone opposite the
apex of the other; and in mounting these cones, or one of them, in such
manner in suitable bearings that the distance of one conical roller from the
other may be easily regulated, whereby the degree of fineness to which the
substances are to be reduced will be determined. I find it desirable to drive
the conical rollers at different speeds, and to cause one of the rollers to advance
towards and recede from the other by means of wedges, carried by a cross bar,
set in motion by turning a nut on a screwed rod connected to the bar, so as to
give motion to the wedges at both ends of the bearings of the moveable roller
at the same time.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLOVES
Year: 1855

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gedge at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th March 1855.-
A communication.
I, JOHN GEDGE, of No. 4, Wellington Street South, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLOVES," communicated to
me by Felix J. P. Bouvier, of Grenoble, in the Empire of France, to be as
follows:-
Instead of the modes of measuring or cutting skins, &c. for gloves at present
practised, I propose to use scales of figures or signs corresponding with each
other, and so unerringly pointing out the size or cut of the glove required,
whether such glove be "long" or short. One scale is placed at that part of
the material which is intended to form the beginning of the thumb, the other
scale at that part where the wristband commences, and so to the top of the
middle finger. The scales are then "crossed in square," each scale being
marked, say, with inches, halves, quarters, eighths, sixteenths, or the most
minute divisions. Gloves cut on this principle will so fit the hand as to
have their surfaces equally smooth, whether the hand of the wearer be open
or shut.