Improvements in Metallic Packings.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 13th May, 1892-Accepted, 18th June, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Metallic Packings.
I, ALEXANDER FRANCIS GARDEN BROWN, of Swindridge Muir, Dalry, in the
County of Ayr, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in metallic packings for reciprocating
rods and it is in part a further development of the invention for which Letters
Patent bearing date the 24th day of May 1890, No. 8136 have been granted
to me for the like object. Under one modification of the present invention
there is applied to the upper or outer end of the cylinder composed of segments and
constituting the packing for the rod, a loose circular piece or washer, the face of
which bearing on the ends of the segments of the cylinder is flat whilst its outer or
upper end has a neck formed after the manner of the ball of a ball and socket
joint, and through the centre of which bulbed part the piston or other reciprocating
rod passes.
Over the bulb of the washer or end piece a socket made on another washer or
piece is fitted the said socket piece being secured to or formed on the cover of the
gland and having the passage through it from a point at or above the middle where
it impinges on the rod flared or tapered outwards towards both ends the passage in
the gland cover being of greater width than the diameter of the reciprocating rod.
Against the under or inner end of the segments of the packing cylinder a flat
plate or washer is situated the said plate or washer being held in position by
a spiral or other spring or springs which bears against it and also against the
inner or under end of the gland.
The segments of the packing cylinder may be composed and arranged as
described in the Specification filed under the aforesaid Patent, and around them
a concentric ring is or may be placed the said ring being of greater diameter
than the packing cylinder and of lesser diameter than the interior of the gland,
that is to say, between the interior of the gland and the ring there is an annular
space of any desired width, and a like space between the ring and the packing
cylinder a series of plate or other springs being situated in the said space
whose object' is to force the segments of the cylinder steam tight against the
reciprocating rod.
The packing constructed under either of these modifications is especially
applicable to pump or other rods which do not or have a tendency not always
to reciprocate in a straight line and when so applied the improved packing
maintains the gland steam tight, or instead of employing four segments in
each part of the packing cylinder two segments only may be used in which case
each segment has flat faces tangential with the circumference of the reciprocating
rod the faces of one segment bearing against those of the other. The outer contour of
each segment is eccentric, that is to say, one of the flat faces is longer than the
other and the packing is put together with the long face of one segment butting
against the short face of the other, and vice versa. A space is left between the
packing segments and the interior of the gland and in this space a plate spring is
situated one end taking into a notch in one segment and the other end into a notch
diametrically opposite in the other segment the bow of the spring tending to
force the segment steam tight against the reciprocating rod and also to cause
them to slide on each other to compensate for wear or widening of the passage
through the nacking.

page_text: Instead of a spring of this construction the segments may be surrounded by a
ring and packed by springs as described under the first modification.
Instead also
of the packing segments being solid throughout they may be composed of an outer
shell or casing of hard metal and an inner filling of a softer metal.
Under another modification the improved packing is composed of discs or disc
like pieces which are forked or slotted at one side so as to be slipped on to the
piston rod or other rod without withdrawing it or removing the crosshead, the
inner end of the slot being made to bear closely against or fit the semi-perimeter of
the rod whilst a wearing block having a concave face to fit the uncovered semi-
perimeter of the rod is fitted into the slot in each disc.
The outer end of each wearing block extends beyond the forked ends of the
corresponding disc and a band is passed round it and connected by springs to the
disc to maintain the concave face always in close contact with the rod.
The discs are faced to bear steam tight against each other and they may be
employed in pairs with the wearing block which fits in the forked end of one disc
formed on the adjoining disc or the wearing blocks may be loose and separately
fitted to each disc.
On the inner or under end of the packing a flat slotted disc is placed and pressed
by springs against the packing as in the other modifications hereinbefore referred
to and at the outer end a plate having a convex side to form with a ring on the
cover, or between it and the cover, a ball and socket joint is fitted to bear steam
tight on the packing the convex plate being composed preferably of two forked or
slotted pieces adapted to slip on to the rod and secured together.
Dated this Twelfth day of August 1891.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Metallic Packings.
1, ALEXANDER FRANCIS GARDEN BROWN of Swindridge Muir, Dalry, in the
County of Ayr, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in metallic packings for reciprocating
rods and it is in part a further development of the invention for which Letters
Patent bearing date the 24th day of May 1890 No. 8136 have been granted to me
for the like object. The present invention is illustrated under several modifications
on the accompanying sheet of drawings. Under the arrangement shewn in vertical
section by Figure 1 and in horizontal section on the line ab Figure 2 and in plan
in Figure 3 there is applied to the upper or outer end of the cylinder A composed
of segments and constituting the packing for the rod B a loose circular piece or
washer C the face of which bearing on the ends of the segments of the cylinder A
is flat whilst its outer or upper end is convex or curved.
Over the curve or convex part of this end piece C another washer or piece D is
fitted and held down by the cover E of the gland the passage through the washer D
from a point at or about the middle where it impinges on the rod B is flared or
tapered outwards towards both ends and the passage in the gland cover E is of
greater width than the diameter of the reciprocating rod. Against the under or
inner end of the segments of the packing cylinder A a flat plate or washer F is
situated the said plate or washer being held in position by a spiral spring G which
bears against it and also against a washer H at the inner or under end of the gland
where the passage for the rod B is likewise of greater width than the diameter of
the rod.

page_text: The segments of the packing cylinder may be composed and arranged as described
in the Specification filed under the aforesaid Patent and around them a concentric
ring is or may be placed the said ring being of greater diameter than the packing
cylinder and of lesser diameter than the interior of the gland that is to say between
the interior of the gland and the ring there is an annular space of any desired
width and a like space between the ring and the packing cylinder a series of plate
or other springs being situated in the said space whose object is to force the
segments of the cylinder steam tight against the reciprocating rod..
The packing constructed under either of these modifications is especially
applicable to pump or other rods which do not or have a tendency not always to
reciprocate in a straight line and when so applied the improved packing maintains
the gland steam tight. Instead of employing four segments in each part of the
packing cylinder as under the aforesaid Patent two segments only may be used as
shewn by Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings annexed hereto and in that case each
segment has flat faces a tangential with the circumference of the reciprocating
rod B the faces of one segment bearing against those of the other. The outer
contour of each segment is eccentric that is to say the flat face is longer than the
flat face a and the packing is put together with the long face of one segment
butting against the short face of the other and vice versa.
A space is left
between the packing segments and the interior of the gland and in this space a
plate spring I is situated one end taking into a notch in one segment and the other
end into a notch in the other segment the bow of the spring tending to force the
segments steam tight against the reciprocating rod and also to cause them to slide
on each other to compensate for wear or widening of the passage through the
packing.
Instead of a spring of this construction the segments may as shewn by Figure 4
be surrounded and packed by spiral springs y.
Figures 5 and 6 are horizontal sections of the packing segments on the line a b
Figure 4.
Instead of the packing segments being solid throughout they may be composed
of an outer shell or casing of hard metal and an inner filling of a softer metal.
Under another modification illustrated by Figures 7 to 12 of the drawings the
improved packing is composed of disc like pieces J which are forked or slotted at
one side so as to be slipped on to the piston or other rod B without withdrawing it
or removing the crosshead the inner end of the slot being made to bear closely
against or fit the semi-perimeter of the rod whilst a wearing block R having a
concave face to fit the uncovered semi-perimeter of the rod is fitted into the slot in
each disc.
The wearing blocks are held in position by saddle bands L which as shewn by
Figure 8 are connected by bolts and springs M to the disc pieces to maintain the
concave face always in close contact with the rod.
The disc pieces are faced to bear steam tight against each other.
On the inner or under end of the packing a flat disc or washer F which may be
composed of two slotted parts is placed and pressed by a spring G against the
packing as in the other modifications hereinbefore referred to and at the outer end
a ring or washer C having a convex side to form with the ring or washer D between
it and the cover a ball and socket joint is fitted to bear steam tight on the packing
the convex ring or washer being composed preferably of two forked or slotted pieces
adapted to slip on to the rod and secured together.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The metallic packing for reciprocating rods arranged and combined sub-
stantially as described with reference to Figures 1 to 6 of the accompanying

page_text: 2. The metallic packing for reciprocating rods arranged and combined sub-
stantially as set forth with reference to Figures 7 to 12 of the annexed drawings.
Dated this Twelfth day of May 1892.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.