IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRESERVATION OF ANIMAL SUBSTANCES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Wagstaff Yapp, of No. 16, Clement's Inn,
in the City of Westminster, for the Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PRESERVATION OF ANIMAL SUBSTANCES."-A communication from abroad by
Edouard Gorges, of Croisic, in the Empire of France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Wagstaff Yapp
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th November 1863.
I, GEORGE WAGSTAFF YAPP, of No. 16, Clement's Inn, in the City of
Westminster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN THE PRESERVATION OF ANIMAL SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a new method of preserving meat, fish, and other
animal substances for food or otherwise. The substances, divided when
necessary into pieces of moderate size, are placed in vessels of metal or other
material, and capable of being hermetically sealed. This done, the vessels are
filled up with water, buillon, or other liquid of like kind mixed with small
quantities of glycerine and an acid. The vessels are then immediately closed
hermetically. The substances thus prepared will bear exposure to almost any
temperature without deterioration, and will retain their full natural flavour for
a great length of time.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Wagstaff Yapp in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 21st May 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
WAGSTAFF YAPP, of No. 16, Clement's Inn, in the City of Westminster,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
I, the said George Wagstaff Yapp, Her special licence that I, the said George
Wagstaff Yapp, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said George Wagstaff Yapp, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRESERVATION OF ANIMAL SUBSTANCES," being a com-
munication to him from abroad by Edward Gorges, of Croisic, in the Empire
of France, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George
Wagstaff Yapp, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Wagstaff Yapp, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement: -
My process is applicable to meat, poultry, game, and other animal sub-
stances. When the substance to be preserved is of large size, I cut it into
convenient pieces, generally of from two to twelve pounds each in weight.
The meat or other substance to be preserved is placed in metallic or other
vessels impervious to the air, in order to prevent the evaporation of the liquid
in which it is preserved. The liquid which I use for this purpose is either
"bouillon" or thin soup, or simply plain water, with the addition of the
following substances in the proportions given below:-1st, anhydrous glycerine

page_text: in the proportion of one to three per cent. of the bouillon or water employed;
2nd, concentrated acetic, pure hydrochloric, or other acid in the same pro-
portion of one to three per cent.; 3rd, chloride of sodium or common salt in
the same proportions of from one to three per cent.
The three substances I use generally in equal quantities, the per-centage,
however, varying according to the weight, bulk, and nature of the animal
substance to be preserved.
After the meat or other substance and the preserving liquor prepared
according to the above directions are placed in the tin cases which I generally
use, these cases are soldered down in the ordinary manner. I also make use
of earthenware jars or vessels, and of wooden casks, and other kinds of vessels
are equally applicable, provided always that they are capable of being perfectly
sealed, or otherwise rendered impervious to the air, and consequently do not
allow of the escape or evaporation of the liquid in which the substances are
preserved.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Wagstaff Yapp, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
G. W. YAPP. (L.S.)