CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING OR EXTRACTING SALT FROM SALT PANS
Year: 1831

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
AINSWORTH JUMP, of Marston, in the County of Cheshire, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Fourteenth day of October, in the second year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Ainsworth Jump, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said William Ainsworth Jump, my exors, admors,
and assigns, and such others as I, the said William Ainsworth Jump, my
exors, adññiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein men-
tioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His
said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING OR EXTRACTING SALT FROM SALT PANS;" in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said William Ainsworth
Jump, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in'

page_text: and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Ainsworth Jump, do hereby declare the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly
described and ascertained by the following description thereof, reference being
had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and. letters marked
thereon (that is to say):-
In making or manufacturing salt it is the practice of the salt waller or
boiler to draw the salt from the pan by raking it to the sides, and then
removing the salt by means of a skimmer or perforated shovel. This opera-
tion of raking the salt to the sides of the pan is not continually performed,
but only from time to time when the salt is to be removed from the pan,
consequently the salt as it crystallizes falls to the bottom of the pan, and
tends to prevent the heat from the furnaces or fires coming directly to act on
the brine, such heat having first to pass through the layer of salt on the
bottom of the pan, by which not only is much of the heat lost, but at the
same time the action of the heat on the metal causes them to form what is
called "pan scratch" or " pan scale
on the upper surface of the pan, .and
then the continuation of the action of the heat quickly destroys the metak
Now, my Invention is the continual raking of the salt towards the sides of
the pan, and into pockets or recesses formed to receive it, thereby in some
degree preventing the formation of pan scratch or pan scale; but the principal
object of such Invention is the being able to extract the salt from a pan
covered so as to preserve the steam produced from the brine, for the purpose
of heating other salt pans. And I perform this operation by means of an
arrangement of apparatus or machinery hereafter described, and which
arrangement of apparatus constitutes my Invention, and consist of revolving
rakes set at an angle, whereby the salt is continually raked towards the sides
of the pan till it falls into recesses formed to receive it.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Fig. 1 represents the plan of a circular salt pan having two recesses formed
to receive the salt, or there may be formed a recess all round for the same pur-
pose. From these recesses the salt is to be removed by hand as heretofore.
Fig. 2 is a section of Fig. 1 taken through the centre.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a scraper and its frame.
And in each of these Figures the same letters of reference indicate similar
parts, a, a, being the pan, and b, b, the pockets or recesses to receive the salt

page_text: as it is raked from the centre of the pan to the sides thereof. The pan a, a,
is set in brickwork, having a furnace or furnaces as is usual. I will here
observe, that I do not confine myself to the use of a naked fire for the pur-
pose of heating the brine in the pan a, a, but intend to avail myself of other
well-known means of heating the same, such, for instance, as steam. But as
my Invention only relates to the means of raking the salt towards the sides
of the pan for the purpose of drawing or extracting the same therefrom, I do
not conceive it necessary to be more particular in describing the means of
heating the brine, they being well understood. e is an upright shaft to which
motion is imparted by any well-known mechanical means.
On the upper
part of the shaft e there is placed an arm b. This arm 6 carries the scrapers
n, n, n, n, the handles of which scrapers are affixed in the swinging frames
0, 0, 0, 0, in the following manner :-On the handles of the rakes n, n, n, n,
there are formed hooks p, p, p, p, which hook into holes formed into the
swinging frames 0, 0, 0, 0, as shewn in the Drawing No. 3. In order, how-
ever, to keep the rakes to the intended position, the handles pass through
eyes r, r, r, r, also formed in the swinging frames o, o, o. By this means the
rakes by their own weight keep to the bottom of the pan, and have the pro
perty of accommodating themselves in a certain degree to the warping or
deviation from level which generally takes place in the bottoms of salt pans
after being some time in use, and as they are caused to revolve by the slow
turning of the shaft e, they continue to rake the salt from the centre of the
pan towards the sides thereof. That rake which is farthest from the centre
drives off the salt which lies in its track towards the sides of the pan, and
forces it into the recesses; the second scraper, succeeding the first, rakes the
salt towards the sides of the pan into the track of the first; and the third
scraper, succeeding the second, rakes the salt into the track of the second, and
so on; and thus is the bottom of the pan continually cleared from salt, and
the heat comes immediately to act on the brine. I have described and have
shewn only four rakes, but I would have it understood that more or less may
be used without departing from my Invention. The shaft e is protected from
the action of the fire by a wall of brickwork. S shews the cover of the pan
inserted in the water lute joint. V, and to be suspended by a counterpoise, so
as to be easily raised and lowered for the purpose of scumming or clarifying
the brine, changing the scrapers when clogged with salt, or any other necessary
purpose. W, the pipe conveying the steam under another salt pan.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I claim
as my Invention an arrangement of revolving rakes in salt pans, such rakes

page_text: being set at an angle to a 'line drawn through the centre of the pan, whereby
heir revolving will continue to rake the salt outwards from the centre to the
sides of the pan, in the manner above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Ainsworth Jump, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-two.
BARKER, Extra.
WILLIAM AINSWORTH JUMP. (L.S.)
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eleventh day of April, in the
year of our Lord 1832, the aforesaid William Ainsworth Jump came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Fourteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-two.