IMPROVEMENTS IN FOOD FOR HORSES, AND IN THE PREPARATION OF THE SAME
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Hineson, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Hotel Keeper, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FOOD
FOR HORSES, AND IN THE PREPARATION OF THE SAME."
Sealed the 9th January 1866, and dated the 10th July 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Hineson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
July 1865.
I, ROBERT HINESON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Hotel
Keeper, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FOOD FOR HORSES, AND IN THE PREPARATION OF THE SAME," to be as
follows:-
I take wheat or other grain after it has been ground, and make or manu-
facture in into bread of a kind or quality similar to or the same as ship
biscuit. The said hard-baked bread or biscuit may be supplied to horses
either by itself or mixed with other substances or food. I prefer however to
reduce the said biscuit bread, by machinery or otherwise, to pieces of the
size of beans, more or less, and to use it when so ground mixed with oats,
chopped hay, beans, or other hard "feeding," the main object being to provide
a muscle-making and wind-strengthening food specially suitable for race
horses.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Hineson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th January 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
HINESON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Hotel Keeper, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her reign,
did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Robert Hineson, Her special license that I, the said Robert Hineson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Robert Hineson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FOOD FOR HORSES, AND IN THE PREPARATION OF THE SAME," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Robert Hineson, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Hineson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):
I take wheat or other grain and reduce it to meal or flour by the ordinary
processes, or I take these substances as usually prepared and sold. Those
qualities or kinds thereof which contain the largest per-centage of gluten or
nitrogenous substances are to be preferred. To every seven pounds of the
said meal or flour I add one pound of water, more or less, according to the
condition of the meal or flour, and then knead the mess into dough of a
homogeneous character. This dough is rolled out or otherwise formed into
thin sheets or cakes of any desired outline, passed into a baker's oven, and
there fired or baked to a dryness similar to or the same as ship biscuit of

page_text: These sheets or cakes, which can be so formed by indentations or
lines that pieces can be easily broken off, when removed from the oven and
allowed to cool are fit for use, and are the food for horses which I claim as
the first part of my Invention.
As the object which I have in view is to provide a palatable food having
muscle-making and so-called wind-strengthening properties, I do not confine
myself to the exact production or proportions above described. It is
advantageous in many cases to add or mix seasoning of an aromatic character
to or with the meal or flour; thus in practice I have found the following pro-
portions to answer well for race horses :-Flour, dry, by weight, 96; carraway
seed, 2.75; aniseed, ground, 1.25=100 parts.
In the preparation of the food produced according to the first part of my
Invention above described, I take the cakes, sheets, or other forms in which
it may be made, and reduce them by machinery or otherwise to the size of
beans, more or less. A convenient machine for that purpose is the one now
used for breaking oil cake; in some of those machines a slight modification
would be necessary, but any mechanician will readily understand what altera-
tions are required when the substance to be reduced is shown to him. The
food reduced to the size named can be mixed with oats, chopped hay, beans,
or other cereals.
I claim as the second part of my Invention the preparation of the first
above-described food for horses by reducing it to a convenient size substantially
as above mentioned.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Hineson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
In the presence of
JOHN T. KING,
Patent Agent,
Liverpool.
ROBERT HINESON. (L.S.)