Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 23rd Jan., 1888
Complete Accepted, 24th Feb., 1888
1, NEVILLE EVANS, of Woodstock, Waterloo, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of the said invention to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object to effect the ventilation of railway carriages by
utilizing the velocity of the train for that purpose.
According to my Invention, the apparatus which I employ consists of nozzles so
arranged and constructed that the train in passing through the air forces a certain
quantity, or jet of air into and through a nozzle, which air in passing through a
second cone, or nozzle causes an exhaustion of air within such second nozzle. The
latter cone, or nozzle is connected with and in communication with the interior of the
carriage, and consequently the exhaustion thus effected causes the atmosphere in
the carriage to flow into the nozzle and is then expelled from the apparatus by the
jet of air.
The apparatus is so constructed that it prevents rain and snow from gaining access
to the carriage. This is effected by arranging the cones at such a level in relation to
the ventilating duct so that any water that may find its way into the cones, or nozzles
will be trapped and prevented from flowing down such duct. The ventilator is
regulated and put in, or out of operation by a grid, or suitable valve situated in the
carriage on the ventilating pipe, or duct.
The apparatus may be in duplex, or simple form. When in duplex it may constitute
a fixed apparatus and when simple, or single it may be arranged, on a swivel, or its
equivalent. In either case the apparatus is operative in whatever direction the train
is moving. In the duplex form of apparatus the cones, or nozzles are arranged in
opposite directions to one another and are provided with automatic closing valves
arranged to close, or cut off one apparatus to the wind and weather whilst the other
is operative.

page_text: I, NEVILLE EVANS, of Woodstock, Waterloo, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention has for its object to effect the ventilation of railway carriages by
utilizing the velocity of the train for that purpose.
According to my Invention, the apparatus which I employ consists of nozzles so
arranged and constructed that the train in passing through the air forces a certain
quantity, or jet of air into and through a nozzle. which air in passing through a
second cone, or nozzle causes an exhaustion of air within such second nozzle. The
latter cone, or nozzle is connected with and in communication with the interior of
the carriage and consequently the exhaustion thus effected causes the atmosphere in
the carriage to flow into the nozzle and is then expelled from the apparatus by the
jet of air.
The apparatus is so constructed that it prevents rain and snow from gaining access
to the carriage. This is effected by arranging the cones at such a level in relation to
the ventilating duct so that any water that may find its way into the cones, or nozzles
will be trapped and prevented from flowing down such duct. The ventilator may be
regulated and put in, or out of operation by a grid, or suitable valve situated in the
carriage on the ventilating pipe, or duct.
The apparatus may be in duplex, or simple form. When in duplex it may constitute
a fixed apparatus and when simple, or single it may be arranged on a swivel, or its
equivalent. In either case the apparatus is operative in whatever direction the train
is moving. In the duplex form of apparatus, the cones, or nozzles are arranged in
opposite directions to one another and are provided with automatic closing valves
arranged to close, or cut off one apparatus to the wind and weather, whilst the other
is operative.
The above description sets forth generally the nature, features, object and purposes
of my Invention and that the same may be more clearly understood, I will proceed to
describe by the aid of the Drawings hereto annexed, and which form a part of this
Specification, how my Invention may be carried out into practical effect by others
skilled in the art to which it belongs. The Drawings are marked with figures and
letters of reference corresponding with those used in the following explanation, and
like letters and figures are used throughout the various views to denote like, or
corresponding parts.

page_text: Figure 4 is an end elevation of the apparatus shown at Figure 3 shown in section
through Figure 3.
The apparatus shown at Figures 1 and 2 is fixed on the roof A of a railway
carriage and consists of two nozzles a a¹, two cones, or nozzles, a chamber c
common to the nozzles and a pipe, or duct d communicating between the chamber e
and the interior of the carriage. The ends of the nozzles are provided with
valves e el which are self closing and opening, namely when the apparatus is being
moved in the direction of the arrow h the valve e' closes and when moved in the
reverse direction the valve e closes. As the train moves the air enters and is forced
through the nozzle a or a' in the direction of the arrows respectively. The air
jet issuing from the point a² of the nozzle a or a¹ passes into the nozzle or as the
case may be, and in passing through the nozzle or causes an exhaustion of air
within the chamber c and through the duct d exhausts, or draws the hot, or bad air
from the carriage.
To prevent rain, or snow from gaining access to the carriage, the under part of the
chamber c is rounded and formed as shown at a Figure 2 and is provided with holes
at e to drain away any water that may find its way into the chamber c.
To regulate the operation of the ventilator the mouth d¹ of the duct d may if
required be provided with a grid, or suitable valve.
When the apparatus is used in single form it is arranged to swivel, or turn so that
the mouth of the nozzle a always faces the direction of motion of the train, a wind
vane as shown at Figure 3 being provided for this purpose. In this case no valve
is required on the nozzle b and the chamber c is constructed to turn on the duct d
and a channel c¹ is provided to trap and drain away any water that may enter the
chamber c. The connection between the chamber c and the duct d may be of any of
the known connections, or swivels common to chimney cowls.
I would have it understood that my Invention is not confined to the exact form of
apparatus above set forth and shown in the Drawings, as it will be obvious that the
size and configuration may be altered to suit particular circumstances.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
a
First. The means substantially herein described for ventilating railway carriages
and
consisting of an apparatus having nozzles such as a and b, a chamber such as c,
duct d, so arranged that the train in passing through the air forces the air through
the nozzles and so causes an exhaustion from the carriage as set forth.
Second. The parts of apparatus for ventilating railway carriages consisting of
nozzles a a', nozzles b b valves e e' chamber c, and duct d, arranged and constructed
substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the Drawings hereto
annexed.
Third. The parts of apparatus for ventilating railway carriages consisting of the
nozzle a, the nozzle b, chamber c, duct d, and vane k constructed and operating as
shown at Figures 3 and 4 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
301 J
C
1000
1000
Dated this
20th day of January
NEVILLE EVANS.
By Cheesbrough & Royston,
15, Water Street, Liverpool,
Patent Agents.