Improvements in Apparatus for Stoppering Bottles.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Sept., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 6th June, 1895-Accepted, 20th July, 1895
[Communicated from abroad by ANDERS ANDERSEN PINDSTOFTE, of
No. 66 Vesterbrogade, Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark,
Manufacturer.]
Improvements in Apparatus for Stoppering Bottles.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for stoppering bottles.
With the improved apparatus constructed according to my said invention the
bottle is held in the proper position during the stoppering, and the cork, prior to
being inserted into the mouth of the bottle, is compressed to such an extent that
the beating or driving in of the cork by blows such as takes place in the ordinary
stoppering apparatus will be completely obviated, and the bottle is thus not liable
to be broken to pieces.
The apparatus is mounted upon a trestle upon which is placed a vertical standard
carrying at its upper part a fixed table which has in front an aperture for the
cork. On the under side of the table is provided all around this aperture an
indiarubber ring against which the mouth of the bottle is pressed during the
stoppering. The bottle is put upon a support adapted to be placed at different
heights by means of a wedge which terminates below in a journal held below in a
frame and pivoted above to the forked front ends of a lever. In this wedge the
support is held by means of clamping screws. The said lever is pivoted in the
standard and carries at its free end an adjustable counter-weight so that the before-
mentioned frame and consequently the wedge and support are continually pressed
upwards, irrespective of small variations in the sizes of the bottles.
By reason of the vertical and free position of the wedge in the frame this wedge
will be free in its upward and downward movements, whereby friction is almost
completely obviated, this is especially due to the fact that the arrangement of the
wedge on the said journal, where it is free and balanced in the frame, renders this
wedge free to move up and down, while a lateral pressure upon the upper part of
the free wedge will actuate the latter with great force and hold the same firmly
pressed against lateral surfaces during the stoppering.
In order to secure the support and therefore the bottle in position during the
stoppering, a hollow wedge is arranged on a rod connected with a slide, which
wedge, on the slide being moved downwards by a pressure the handle is forced
between the standard and first wedge. As soon as the wedging is effected the said
rod slides further down into the hollow wedge, in order, on the handle being moved
upwards, to move the second wedge along by the aid of a nut arranged at the end
of the rod and thus disengage the first wedge. The slide can be moved up and
down along two stands upon the before-mentioned table; at the rear part of the
table is a recess for the slide possessing at its lower part two projections between
which extends the disc-shaped part of the handle pivoted to the standard so that
the slide will be pressed down on the handle being moved downwards. The rear

page_text: :.
end of the handle is connected to a draw rod which carries an adjustable counter-
weight and is attached below to one end of a link the other end of which is jointed
to the standard. This device serves as a mechanism for regulating the blows, as it
has the effect that the motion does not stop suddenly at the end of the downward
stroke (which would cause shocks in the apparatus), a vibrating movement of the
counter-weight taking place. In the upward movement of the handle the aforesaid
link together with the draw rod connected therewith and provided with the
counter-weight has the effect that the whole movement takes place gently and
uniformly, inasmuch as the jointed connection between the link and draw rod
prevents sudden shocks or jerks. This mechanism therefore constitutes one of the
most important features in the improved apparatus.
On the table around the aperture for the cork is arranged a fixed jaw and two
movable jaws. One of the movable jaws is pivoted to the table and a rearwardly
turned arm of the same carries a roller which is pressed upwards against the side
of the aforesaid slide by a spring actuating the jaw. The second movable jaw is
firmly connected with a sliding frame carrying at its rear a roller which is embraced
by the said slide. This slide has on the side turned towards a second roller an
inclined plane which, when the slide is moved down by a pressure upon the handle,
actuates the first roller so that the latter is pressed backwards and the first movable
jaw is closed. The forked part of the slide embracing the second roller is bent a
little backwards above the lowest part in such a manner that during the downward
movement of the slide it moves back the second roller and therefore also the frame
thus causing also the second movable jaw to pass to the closed position.
On the said frame is a projecting part with a recess corresponding to the
compressed form of the cork. Opposite this projecting part is arranged on the
table another part having a recess for the cork similar to the recess in the said
projecting part. Into this recess is placed the cork before it passes between the
two movable jaws and as the two parts are closed at the same time as the two
movable jaws, the water contained in the cork and mixed with dust is pressed out
so that the cork will be clean when put between the two jaws. On the front arm
of the slide is arranged a'stamp which forces the cork compressed between the jaws
into the bottle.
The improved apparatus is used as follows: The support is adjusted in the wedge
to a height corresponding to the height of the bottles; the bottle is put upon the
support and the cork placed between the jaws. Then the handle is operated,
thereby moving the slide downwards and compressing the cork between the jaws;
at the same time the support is fixed by means of the second wedge. Finally the
stamp forces the compressed cork into the mouth of the bottle; if the handle is
then released the counter-weight will move this handle and also the other parts
back to their original position.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
i
1
Improvements in Apparatus for Stoppering Bottles.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to apparatus for stoppering bottles,

page_text: With the improved apparatus constructed according to my said invention the
bottle is held in the proper position during the stoppering, and the cork, prior to
being inserted into the mouth of the bottle, is compressed to such an extent that
the beating such as takes place in the ordinary stoppering apparatus is completely
obviated, and the bottle is thus not liable to be broken to pieces.
In the accompanying drawing
:
Figure 1 represents a stoppering apparatus as seen from the left hand side, the
wedging mechanism being shown in section.
Figure 2 represents the apparatus seen from the front.
Figure 3 represents, as seen from above, a lever mechanism connected with the
wedging mechanism.
Figure 4 represents, as seen from above, the mechanism which compresses the
corks, its jaws being open.
Figure 5 represents the same mechanism but with closed jaws, likewise as seen
from above.
The apparatus is mounted upon a trestle or stand A upon which is placed a
vertical standard B carrying at its upper part a fixed table C which has in front an
aperture c for the cork. On the under side of the table is provided all around this
aperture an indiarubber ring c¹ against which the mouth of the bottle is pressed
during the stoppering. The bottle is put upon a support D adapted to be place t
at different heights by means of a wedge F which terminates below in a journal J
held below in a frame K and pivoted above to the forked front ends of a lever E.
In this wedge the support is held by means of clamping screws d. The lever E is
pivoted in the standard B and carries at its free end an adjustable counter-
weight G so that the frame K. and consequently the wedge F and support D'are
continually pressed upwards, irrespective of any small variations in the sizes of
the bottles.
By reason of the vertical and free position of the wedge F in the frame. K this
wedge will be free in its upward and downward movements, whereby friction is
almost completely obviated, this is especially due to the fact that the arrangement of
the wedge on the journal J, (where it is free and balanced in the frame K), renders
this wedge free to move up and down, while a lateral pressure upon the upper part
of the free wedge F will actuate the latter with great force and hold the same
firmly pressed against lateral surfaces H and H' during the stoppering.
"
J
In order to secure the support and therefore the bottle in position during the
stoppering, a hollow wedge F1 is arranged on a rod L connected with a slide N
which wedge, on the slide N being moved downwards by a pressure on the handle M,
is forced between the standard B and wedge F. As soon as the wedging is effected
the rod L slides further down into the hollow wedge F¹, in order, on the handle M:
being moved upwards, to move the wedge F¹ along by the aid of a nut arranged at
the end of the rod and thus disengage the wedge F. The slide N can be moved..
up and down along two stands P upon the table C; at the rear part of the table. is
a recess for the slide possessing at its lower part two projections between which
extends the disc-shaped part of the handle M pivoted to the standard B so that the
slide will be pressed down on the handle being moved downwards. The rear end :
of the handle is connected to a link R which carries an adjustable counterweight S
and is attached below to one end of a link T the other end of which is jointed to
the standard B. This device serves for regulating the blows so that the motion
does not stop suddenly at the end of the downward stroke (which would cause
shocks in the apparatus), the counter-weight S being set in vibrating movement
(see also the position, shown in dotted lines, of the links T and R with the counter-
weight S arranged upon the last mentioned link). In the upward movement of
the handle the link T together with the link R connected therewith aud provided
with the counter-weight has the effect that the whole, movement takes place gently
and uniformly, inasmuch as the jointed connection between the two links prevents
sudden shocks or jerks. This mechanism constitutes one of the most important
features in the improved apparatus.
'

page_text: On the table C around the aperture o for the cork is arranged a fixed jaw van
two movable jaws v' and v². The jaw is pivoted to the table C-and a rearwardl
turned arm of the same carries a roller which is pressed upwards against the sid
of the slide N by a spring t actuating the jaw (see Figures 4 and 5). The jaw
is firmly connected with a sliding frame & carrying at its rear the roller which i
embraced by the slide N (see Figure 1). This slide N. has on the side turne
towards the roller r an inclined plane which, when the slide is moved down by
pressure upon the handle M, actuates the roller so that the latter is pressed
backwards and the jaw v2 is closed. The forked part of the slide N embracing
the roller ¹ is bent a little backwards above the lowest part in such a manner tha
during the downward movement of the slide it moves back the roller and
therefore also. the frames thus causing also the jaw ¹ to pass to the closed
position indicated in Figure 5.
፡
passes
On the frames is a projecting part (see Figures 4 and 5) with a recess
corresponding to the compressed form of the cork.
is arranged on the table a part y having a recess for the cork similar to the
Opposite this projecting part a
recess in the projecting part a. Into this recess is placed the cork before it
between the jaws and v³, and as the parts x and y are closed at the same time as
the jaws v and ³, the water contained in the cork and mixed with dust is squeezed
out so that the cork will be clean when put between the jaws, o and v²: On the
front arm of the slide is arranged a stamp V which forces the cork compressed
between the jaws into the bottle.
The improved apparatus is used as follows: The support D is adjusted in the
wedge F to a height corresponding to the height of the bottles; the bottle is put
upon the support: D and the cork placed between the jaws as shown in Figure 4.
Then, the handle M is operated, thereby moving the slide N downwards and
compressing the cork between the jaws (see Figure 5); at the same time the
support is fixed: by means of the wedge F¹. Finally the stamp V forces the
compressed cork into the mouth of the bottle; if the handle M is then released
the counter-weight S will move this handle and also the other parts back to their
original position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained, the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to, me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :---
First. An apparatus for stoppering bottles, comprising a standard B. provided
with a fixed table C, a support D arranged to be adjusted in a wedge F which is
provided loosely in the frame K connected to the forked end of the lever E pivoted
to the standard B, the hollow wedge F¹ being connected to the arm L and to the
slide N which can be moved up and down by means of the handle M connected
with the mechanism R S T for regulating the beating, and which during its
downward movements actuates the movable jaw and the jaw so that a cork
placed between these jaws and the fixed jaw v will be compressed to such an extent
that it can be moved into the mouth of the bottle by the stamp, V provided upon
the slide, substantially as herein before set forth with reference to the drawing
'
Second. In apparatus for stoppering, bottles the suspension of the wedge F
carrying the bottle support D, which wedge rests upon its journal J and rocks
freely in the frame K; substantially as herein before set forth with reference to the
drawing:
Third. In apparatus for stoppering bottles the combination of the fixed jaw v,
the jaw 2 pivoted to the table C, and the jaw connected with the movable 5
frame.s', the last-mentioned two jaws being actuated by the inclined plane N in
such a manner that first the jaw and then the jaw will close round the cork
placed between the three jaws, substantially as hereinbefore set forth with
reference to the drawing.
Fourth. In apparatus for stoppering bottles the combination of the handle M, 5
the link R provided with the adjustable counter-weight, and the link T so that the

page_text: handle and the parts connected therewith will move gently during the operation
of the apparatus to obviate the beating, substantially as herein before set forth
with reference to the drawing.
Dated this 6th day of June 1895.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Sept., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 6th June, 1895-Accepted, 20th July, 1895
[Communicated from abroad by ANDERS ANDERSEN PINDSTOFTE, of
No. 66 Vesterbrogade, Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark,
Manufacturer.]
Improvements in Apparatus for Stoppering Bottles.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for stoppering bottles.
With the improved apparatus constructed according to my said invention the
bottle is held in the proper position during the stoppering, and the cork, prior to
being inserted into the mouth of the bottle, is compressed to such an extent that
the beating or driving in of the cork by blows such as takes place in the ordinary
stoppering apparatus will be completely obviated, and the bottle is thus not liable
to be broken to pieces.
The apparatus is mounted upon a trestle upon which is placed a vertical standard
carrying at its upper part a fixed table which has in front an aperture for the
cork. On the under side of the table is provided all around this aperture an
indiarubber ring against which the mouth of the bottle is pressed during the
stoppering. The bottle is put upon a support adapted to be placed at different
heights by means of a wedge which terminates below in a journal held below in a
frame and pivoted above to the forked front ends of a lever. In this wedge the
support is held by means of clamping screws. The said lever is pivoted in the
standard and carries at its free end an adjustable counter-weight so that the before-
mentioned frame and consequently the wedge and support are continually pressed
upwards, irrespective of small variations in the sizes of the bottles.
By reason of the vertical and free position of the wedge in the frame this wedge
will be free in its upward and downward movements, whereby friction is almost
completely obviated, this is especially due to the fact that the arrangement of the
wedge on the said journal, where it is free and balanced in the frame, renders this
wedge free to move up and down, while a lateral pressure upon the upper part of
the free wedge will actuate the latter with great force and hold the same firmly
pressed against lateral surfaces during the stoppering.
In order to secure the support and therefore the bottle in position during the
stoppering, a hollow wedge is arranged on a rod connected with a slide, which
wedge, on the slide being moved downwards by a pressure the handle is forced
between the standard and first wedge. As soon as the wedging is effected the said
rod slides further down into the hollow wedge, in order, on the handle being moved
upwards, to move the second wedge along by the aid of a nut arrådged at the end
of the rod and thus disengage the first wedge. The slide can be moved up and
down along two stands upon the before-mentioned table; at the rear part of the
table is a recess for the slide possessing at its lower part two projections between
which extends the disc-shaped part of the handle pivoted to the standard so that
the slide will be pressed down on the bandle being moved downwards. The rear

page_text: i
end of the handle is connected to a draw rod which carries an adjustable counter-
weight and is attached below to one end of a link the other end of which is jointed
to the standard. This device serves as a mechanism for regulating the blows, as it
has the effect that the motion does not stop suddenly at the end of the downward
stroke (which would cause shocks in the apparatus), a vibrating movement of the
counter-weight taking place. In the upward movement of the handle the aforesaid
link together with the draw rod connected therewith and provided with the
counter-weight has the effect that the whole movement takes place gently and
uniformly, inasmuch as the jointed connection between the link and draw rod
prevents sudden shocks or jerks. This mechanism therefore constitutes one of the
most important features in the improved apparatus.
On the table around the aperture for the cork is arranged a fixed jaw and two
movable jaws. One of the movable jaws is pivoted to the table and a rearwardly
turned arm of the same carries a roller which is pressed upwards against the side
of the aforesaid slide by a spring actuating the jaw. The second movable jaw is
firmly connected with a sliding frame carrying at its rear a roller which is embraced
by the said slide. This slide has on the side turned towards a second roller an
inclined plane which, when the slide is moved down by a pressure upon the handle,
actuates the first roller so that the latter is pressed backwards and the first movable
jaw is closed. The forked part of the slide embracing the second roller is bent a
little backwards above the lowest part in such a manner that during the downward
movement of the slide it moves back the second roller and therefore also the frame
thus causing also the second movable jaw to pass to the closed position.
On the said frame is a projecting part with a recess corresponding to the
compressed form of the cork. Opposite this projecting part is arranged on the
table another part having a recess for the cork similar to the recess in the said
projecting part. Into this recess is placed the cork before it passes between the
two movable jaws and as the two parts are closed at the same time as the two
movable jaws, the water contained in the cork and mixed with dust is pressed out
so that the cork will be clean when put between the two jaws. On the front arm
of the slide is arranged a stamp which forces the cork compressed between the jaws
into the bottle.
The improved apparatus is used as follows: The support is adjusted in the wedge
to a height corresponding to the height of the bottles; the bottle is put upon the
support and the cork placed between the jaws. Then the handle is operated,
thereby moving the slide downwards and compressing the cork between the jaws ;
at the same time the support is fixed by means of the second wedge. Finally the
stamp forces the compressed cork into the mouth of the bottle; if the handle is
then released the counter-weight will move this handle and also the other parts
back to their original position.
100
2
1
1004
}
improvements in Apparatus for stoppering duties.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-.
4
This invention relates to abuaratus for stopnering bottles.

page_text: With the improved apparatus constructed according to my said invention the
bottle is held in the proper position during the stoppering, and the cork, prior to
being inserted into the mouth of the bottle, is compressed to such an extent that
the beating such as takes place in the ordinary stoppering apparatus is completely
obviated, and the bottle is thus not liable to be broken to pieces.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 represents a stoppering apparatus as seen from the left hand side, the
wedging mechanism being shown in section.
Figure 2 represents the apparatus seen from the front.
Figure 3 represents, as seen from above, a lever mechanism connected with the
wedging mechanism.
Figure 4 represents, as seen from above, the mechanism which compresses the
corks, its jaws being open.
"
Figure 5 represents the same mechanism but with closed jaws, likewise as seen
'
from above.
The apparatus is mounted upon a trestle or stand A upon which is placed a
vertical standard B carrying at its upper part a fixed table
which has in front an
aperture c for the cork. On the under side of the table is provided all around this
aperture an indiarubber ring c¹ against which the mouth of the bottle is pressed'
during the stoppering. The bottle is put upon a support D adapted to be place
at different heights by means of a wedge F which terminates below in a journal J.
held below in a frame K and pivoted above to the forked front ends of a lever E.
In this wedge the support is held by means of clamping screws d. The lever E is
pivoted in the standard B and carries at its free end an adjustable counter-
weight G so that the frame K and consequently the wedge F and support D'are:
continually pressed upwards, irrespective of any small variations in the sizes of
the bottles.
By reason of the vertical and free position of the wedge F in the frame. K this
wedge will be free in its upward and downward movements, whereby friction is
almost completely obviated, this is especially due to the fact that the arrangement of
the wedge on the journal J, (where it is free and balanced in the frame K), renders
this wedge free to move up and down, while a lateral pressure upon the upper part
of the free wedge F will actuate the latter with great force and bold the same
firmly pressed against lateral surfaces H and H' during the stoppering.
'
1
In order to secure the support and therefore the bottle in position during the
stoppering, a hollow wedge F is arranged on a rod L connected with a slide N
which wedge, on the slide N being moved downwards by a pressure on the handle M,
is forced between the standard B and wedge F. As soon as the wedging is effected:
the rod L slides further down into the hollow wedge F¹, in order, on the bandle Mi
being moved upwards, to move the wedge F¹ along by the aid of a nut arranged at...
the end of the rod and thus disengage the wedge F. The slide N can be moved..
up and down along two stands P upon the table C; at the rear part of the table.is
a recess for the slide possessing at its lower part two projections between which
extends the disc-shaped part of the handle M pivoted to the standard B so that the
slide will be pressed down on the handle being moved downwards. The rear end
of the handle is connected to a link R which carries an adjustable counterweight S
and is attached below to one end of a link T the other end of which is jointed to
the standard B. This device serves for regulating the blows so that the motion
does not stop suddenly at the end of the downward stroke (which would cause..
shocks in the apparatus), the counter-weight S being set in vibrating movement
(see also the position, shown in dotted lines, of the links T and R with the counter-
weight S arranged upon the last mentioned link). In the upward movement of
the handle the link T together with the link R connected therewith and provided
with the counter-weight has the effect that the whole movement takes place gently;
and uniformly, inasmuch as the jointed connection between the two links prevents
sudden shocks or jerks. This mechanism constitutes one of the most important
features in the improved apparatus.
":

page_text: T
On the table C around the aperture o for the cork is arranged a fixed jaw vand
two movable jaws and v. The jaw is pivoted to the table C and a rearwardly
turned arm of the same carries a roller r which is pressed upwards against the side
of the slide N by a spring t actuating the jaw (see Figures 4 and 5). The jaw
is firmly connected. with a sliding frames carrying at its rear the roller which is
embraced by the slide N (see Figure 1). This slide N has on the side turned
towards the roller an inclined plane which, when the slide is moved down by a
pressure upon the handle M, actuates the roller so that the latter is pressed
backwards and the jaw ² is closed. The forked part of the slide N embracing
the roller is bent a little backwards above the lowest part in such a manner that
during the downward movement of the slide it moves back the roller and
therefore also. the frames thus causing also the jaw ¹ to pass to the closed
position indicated in Figure 5.
On the frame is a projecting part (see Figures 4 and 5) with a recess
corresponding to the compressed form of the cork. Opposite this projecting part
is arranged on the table a part y having a recess for the cork similar to the
recess in the projecting part z. Into this recess is placed the cork before it passes
between the jaws and, and as the parts x and y are closed at the same time as
the jaws and, the water contained in the cork and mixed with dust is squeezed
out so that the cork will be clean when put between the jaws, v₁ and ³: On the
front arm of the slide is arranged a stamp V which forces the cork compressed.
between the jaws into the bottle.
The improved apparatus is used as follows: The support D is adjusted in the
wedge F to a height corresponding to the height of the bottles; the bottle is put
upon the support D and the cork placed between the jaws as shown in Figure 4.
Then the handle M is operated, thereby moving the slide N downwards and
compressing the cork between the jaws (see Figure 5); at the same time the
support D. is fixed by means of the wedge F¹. Finally the stamp V forces the
compressed cork into the mouth of the bottle; if the handle M is then released
the counter-weight S will move this handle and also the other parts back to their
original position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
First. An apparatus for stoppering bottles, comprising a standard B. provided
with a fixed table C, a support D arranged to be adjusted in a wedge F which is
provided loosely in the frame K connected to the forked end of the lever E pivoted
to the standard B, the hollow wedge F¹ being connected to the arm L and to the
slide N which can be moved up and down by means of the handle M connected
with the mechanism R S T for regulating the beating, and which during its
downward movements actuates the inovable jaw and the jaw so that a cork.
placed between these jaws and the fixed jaw v will be compressed to such an extent
that it can be moved into the mouth' of the bottle by the stamp V provided upon
the slide, substantially as herein before set forth with reference to the drawing:
Second. In apparatus for stoppering. bottles the suspension of the wedge F
carrying the bottle support D, which wedge rests upon its journal J and rocks
freely in the frame K, substantially as hereinbefore set forth with reference to the
drawing:
Third. In apparatus for stoppering bottles the combination of the fixed jaw v;
the jaw pivoted to the table C, and the jaw connected with the movable
frame.s', the last-mentioned two jaws being actuated by the inclined plane N in
such a manner that first the jaw and then the jaw will close round the cork
placed between the three jaws; substantially as hereinbefore set forth with
reference to the drawing.
-
Fourth. In apparatus for stoppering bottles the combination of the handle M;
the link R provided with the adjustable counter-weight, and the link T'so that the
:

page_text: handle and the parts connected therewith will move gently during the operation
of the apparatus to obviate the beating, substantially as hereinbefore set forth
with reference to the drawing.
Dated this 6th day of June 1895.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.