IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING-MACHINERY
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Compstone Fell, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SPINNING-MACHINERY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Compstone Fell at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th December 1880.
JAMES COMPSTONE FELL, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist. IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING MACHINERY."
"
My improvements relate to a novel construction of solid metal carrier to be used
in spinning and twisting machines, and also to a novel adaptation of solid metal
carriers to spinning and twisting machines in which lifting plates or rails are
employed. These improvements allow of the spindles in such machines being run
at a greatly increased speed, at the same time ensuring that a perfectly even drag
shall be put upon the cotton or yarn which is being spun or twisted.
In the Specification of my Invention, for which I obtained Letters Patent dated
20th May, 1880, No. 2047, I have described a solid metal carrier furnished with a
tray for the bobbin to rest on. Such carrier may be conveniently termed a
"saucer carrier." I now propose to construct a saucer carrier of somewhat similar
design, but having its cylindrical portion extended upwards so as to allow of it
This carrier,
partly overtopping or overlying the upper end of the bolster.
moreover, will not be in frictional contact with the bolster, but will run loosely on
the bolster and take its bearings at the top and bottom only. At the top it is drilled
to fit closely but freely around the spindle itself for about or of an inch, and it is
furnished below the saucer or tray on which the bobbin rests with a small annular
flange, which fits closely but freely into a corresponding recess cut in the upper
face of the shoulder of the bolster or collar. This annular flange is of rather
greater diameter than the cylindrical portion of the carrier, and it forms the
bottom bearing for the said carrier. There is consequently no friction whatever
between the carrier and the cylindrical portion of the bolster. A small fixed catch,
preferably fitted on the shoulder or collar of the bolster, serves to retain this
ID 31

page_text: improved carrier in position during the act of doffing, but permits of its easy
removal from the bolster should this become necessary at any time.
The upper part of the cylindrical portion of the carrier, as will be clearly
understood from the foregoing description, fits the spindle closely for about half an
inch, and thus serves to prevent any dust or "fluke" from entering between the
carrier and the bolster.
If desirable the upper portion of the carrier which bears against the spindle may
be bushed with some suitable metal or alloy, which bushing may be quickly and
economically renewed when desired.
In adapting solid metal carriers to spinning and twisting machines in which
lifting plates or rails are employed I have found it necessary to considerably
modify the construction of the saucer carrier described in the Specification of my
Patent above referred to and also the bolster on which it rotates.
Hitherto in such machines the bobbins have rested on the lifting rail itself or
upon flanged cups or supports screwed into or otherwise firmly attached to the
lifting rail. The result has been that the bobbin has been caused to move up and
down on the naked spindle, and thus the advantages offered by a truly turned
carrier have not been secured..
I now propose to render my saucer carrier available for such machines by
prolonging the bolster on which the said carrier runs to within a quarter of an inch,
or less, of the underside of the head of the flyer when it is screwed home or down
upon the spindle; and also by lengthening the cylindrical or tubular part of my
This
saucer carrier to correspond to the length of the bobbin which it is to carry.
saucer carrier in its altered form may be applied to the bolster and retained thereon
during the act of doffing by the means described in the Specification of my Patent
already referred to.
The lower end of the bobbin is preferably so shaped as to exactly lie within the
rim of the saucer or tray of the carrier, such arrangement very materially
steadying the bobbin; and the underside of the saucer rests upon the lifting plate
or rail, and is carried up and down therewith as the latter rises and falls.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Compstone Fell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th June 1881.
JAMES COMPSTONE FELL, of Ashton under Lyne, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING MACHINERY."
My improvements relate to a novel construction of solid metal carried to be used
in spinning and twisting machines, and also to a novel adaptation of solid metal
carriers to spinning and twisting machines in which lifting plates are employed.
These improvements allow of the spindles in such machines being run at a
greatly increased speed, at the same time ensuring that a perfectly even drag shall
be put upon the cotton or yarn which is being spun or twisted.
In the Specification of my Invention for which I obtained Letters Patent, dated
Twentieth May, one thousand eight hundred and eighty, No. 2047, I have described a
solid metal carrier furnished with a tray for the bobbin to rest on.
Such carrier may
be conveniently termed a "saucer carrier." I now propose to construct a saucer
carrier of somewhat similar design, but having its cylindrical portion extended
upwards so as to allow of it partly overtopping or overlying the upper end of the
bolster or fixed tube within which the spindle rotates. This carrier moreover will
not be in frictional contact with the vertical periphery of the bolster, but will run
loosely on the bolster, and take its bearings at the top and bottom only. At the
top it is drilled to fit closely but freely around the spindle itself for to of an
inch, and the bottom of the saucer or tray on which the bobbin rests is furnished
with a grooved boss, the flange of which fits closely but freely into a corresponding
recess cut in the upper face of the shoulder or collar of the bolster, and forms the
exterior bearing for the carrier. This annular flange is preferably of rather greater
diameter than the cylindrical portion of the carrier. There is consequently no
friction whatever between the carrier and the cylindrical portion of the bolster.
A small fixed catch, preferably fitted on the shoulder or collar of the bolster, serves
to retain this improved carrier in position during the act of doffing, but permits of
its easy removal from the bolster should this become necessary at any time.
The upper part of the cylindrical portion of the carrier, as will be clearly
understood from the foregoing description, fits the spindle closely for about half an
inch, and thus serves to prevent any dust or "fluke" from entering between the
carrier and the bolster.
If desirable the upper portion of the carrier which bears against the spindle
may be bushed with some suitable metal or alloy, which bushing may be quickly
and economically renewed when necessary.
The novel construction and operation of this solid metal carrier will be understood
on reference to the accompanying Drawing, wherein Fig. 1 is an elevation, partly
in section, of a throstle spindle with my improved carrier applied thereto, and
Fig. 2 is an exterior elevation of the throstle spindle and flyer fitted with the said
carrier.
A is the spindle, which is supported in a footstep, as usual, and runs in a fixed
tube or bolster B made fast in the lifting rail C.
D is the improved saucer carrier drilled at the top to fit closely but freely around
the spindle A for about one-half or three-eighths of an inch; d is a small annular
flange or rib (formed by grooving the boss on the bottom of the carrier) and fitting
closely but freely into a corresponding recess cut in the upper face of the shoulder b
of the fixed tube or bolster B. This annular flange or rib d forms the bottom
exterior bearing surface of the carrier. There is therefore no friction whatever
between the wall of the carrier and the cylindrical portion of the bolster B.

page_text: A small fixed catch or spring d', of U shape in plan view, and preferably fitted on
the shoulder 6 of the bolster B, serves to retain the carrier in place during the act
of doffing the bobbin, but allows of the easy removal of the carrier from the bolster
when desired.
The construction of this U spring will be seen on reference to the horizontal
section, Fig. 1*, taken on the line 1, 2, of Fig. 1.
In adjusting lifting plates to spinning and twisting machines in which my
solid metal carriers are employed I have found it necessary to considerably modify
the construction of the saucer carrier described in the Specification of my Patent
above referred to, and also the bolster on which it rotates.
Hitherto in such machines the bobbins have rested on the lifting plate itself.
The result has been that the bobbin has been caused to move up and down on the
naked spindle, and thus the advantages offered by a truly turned carrier have not
been secured.
I now propose to apply lifting plates to machines in which it is desired to use
my carriers for the bobbins by prolonging the bolsters on which the said carriers
run to within a quarter of an inch or less, of the underside of the heads of the
flyers when they are screwed home or down upon the spindle; and also by
lengthening the cylindrical or tubular part of my saucer carriers to correspond to
the length of the bobbins which they are to carry. By this means I obtain
increased steadiness for the spindle, which may therefore be run at a much greater
speed than heretofore. I also obtain a longer lift and a reduced drag.
In order, however, to effect this prolongation of the bolster without unduly
weakening the same, I construct it preferably of two diameters, the smaller being
at the top where it is exposed to less strain.
My saucer carrier in its altered form may be applied to the bolster and retained
thereon during the act of doffing by the means described in the Specification of my
Patent already referred to.
The lower end of the bobbin is preferably so shaped as to exactly lie within the
rim of the saucer or tray of the carrier, such arrangement very materially steadying
the bobbin; and the underside of the saucer rests upon the lifting plate, and is
carried up and down therewith as the latter rises and falls.
This arrangement of carrier and bolster is shewn in sectional elevation at Fig. 3
of the Drawing; the same letters of reference indicating like or corresponding
parts to those already described.
The modified construction of the tube or bolster B is therein clearly shewn,
together with the lifting plate z, z, by which the carrier is moved up and down
and upon which it is free to rotate. In this form of carrier the grooved boss forming
the flange or rib d, previously described with reference to Figures 1 and 2, may be
dispensed with. The carrier is chambered or enlarged internally to fit loosely
around the bolster B for the greater portion of its length, thus avoiding frictional
contact therewith except for a short distance at the top and bottom of the said
carrier.
This clearance may, however be exceedingly slight, the object being to avoid
friction without increasing the diameter of the carrier. An alternative mode of
lessening the friction between the carrier D and the fixed tube or bolster B
consists in slotting in one or more places the tubular portion of the carrier, as will
be readily understood on reference to the Drawing.
d (Figures 3 and 4) represents the piece of wire or metal brazed or otherwise
securely attached to the tube B for the purpose of retaining the carrier D thereon
during the act of doffing, as described in the Specification of my above named
Patent. It will be observed that the carrier shewn in Figures 1 and 2 takes its
top bearing around the rotating spindle A, thus materially lightening the drag put
upon the yarn, whereas this advantage is not obtained in the construction of the
carrier and bolster shewn in Figures 3 and 4, wherein both the top and bottom
bearings of the carrier are around the fixed tube or bolster B. In order therefore to
provide a rotating bearing surface for my carrier when applying it to a spinning and

page_text: twisting machine in which lifting plates are employed I "let on," or otherwise
attach to the top of the spindle A a "shirt" or sleeve of metal extending down-
wards, as shewn at A¹ in Fig. 5.
This shirt or sleeve A' being fast upon the spindle A rotates with it, and thus
gives the desirable rotating bearing for the carrier D as it is moved up and down
upon the lifting plate. The carrier D it will be seen overlaps, and is in frictional
contact at the top with the rotating shirt or sleeve A¹, and at the bottom with
the fixed tube or bolster B for but a small portion only of its length.
It should be remarked, moreover, that with the view of lessening the friction
between the spindle A and the fixed tube B within which it rotates, I preferably
core out or enlarge the interior of the tube or bolster B, except at its upper end, as
shewn in the Drawing above the dotted line x, x; but if desired this upper bearing
surface may be reduced in extent to about one-half, and a second bearing surface
of equal extent be formed in the tube B at or about the point indicated by the
dotted lines y,.Y.
In some cases the shirt or sleeve A' may be extended downwards so as to give a
rotating bearing surface for the entire tubular portion of the carrier. In this case
the bolster may be of uniform diameter and somewhat shortened.
The shirt or sleeve A¹ being fast on the spindle A may be regarded as forming a
part thereof, and by this construction of apparatus I am enabled to obtain with
bobbins carried up and down upon a lifting plate as even a drag as is to be obtained,
when both the carrier and bolster are moved together, as described with reference to
Figures 1 and 2.
Having now set forth the nature of my said Invention of "Improvements in
Spinning Machinery" and explained in what manner the same is to be carried into
effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim,-
First. A solid metal carrier constructed and operating substantially as described
with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the Drawing, the said carrier being retained
upon the bolster during the act of doffing by means of a spring catch, such as d¹.
Second. The arrangement substantially as described with reference to Figures
3 and 4, whereby in throstle and doubling machines I am enabled to obtain a longer
lift, increased steadiness, and consequently increased speed, with reduced drag, the
lift of the carrier being effected by means of a lifting plate.
Third. In a throstle or doubling mechine, a solid metal carrier to which a rising
and falling motion is imparted by means of a lifting plate, the said carrier
working upon a sleeve which rotates with the spindle, substantially as herein
shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Compstone Fell, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Seventh day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.