matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF MULES FOR SPINNING
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Braham Parkinson,
Aaron Metcalfe, John Metcalfe, and William Hesketh Heald at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
25th January 1860.
We, CHARLES BRAHAM PARKINSON, Cotton Spinner, AARON METCALFE,
Overlooker, JoHN METCALFE, Overlooker, and WILLIAM HESKETH
HEALD, Overlooker, all of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declaro tho nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF MULES FOR SPINNING," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved arrangement of apparatus for
working the winding motion in spinning mules, which is proposed to
be constructed as follows:-To one end of an ordinary mule carriage is
attached a rod. This rod is connected at its other end to a bracket,
which is fixed to a radius rail. A radius arm, one end of which is fitted
to (and works on a centre in) the framing, has attached to it a bowl or
pulloy which works or runs on the radius mail. A chain is connected
to the radius rail and runs on to the chain drum, and at the lower part

page_text: of the radius rail is placed a movable bracket forming a cop, nose peg,
or plate. By the backward and forward movement of the mule carriage
the motion is imparted (by means of the rod and bracket) to the radius
rail, and this rail (by means of the bowl or pulley) at the same time
imparts the motion to the radius arm.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED FOR CUTTING AND BORING METALS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Asquith, George Booth,
and George Pickersgill at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 13th December 1869.
We, WILLIAM "ASQUITH, GEORGE BOOTH, and GEORGE PICKERSGILL,
all of Halifax, in the County of York, Engineers and Tool Makers, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED FOR CUTTING AND BORING METALS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in machinery employed for
cutting "cotter holes," key beds, and similar work, whereby such
machines are rendered self-acting, and consists in the use of a shaft
driven by a cone pulley; the shaft works in bearings. Attached to one
side of the "table" of the machine is a worm gearing with a worm wheel
placed on a screw shaft so as to impart the necessary traverse to the
table. On another side of the table are two stops or projections,
between which one end of a bell-crank lever is received; the other end of
the said bell-crank lever actuates a clutch box, which by means of bevil
gear on the shaft above-mentioned reverses the rotation of such shaft,
worm, worm wheel, and table. The said stops or projections are readily

page_text: adjusted so as to regulate the traverse of the table and metal being cut
thereon. The motion of the clutch box lever imparts by means of a
vertical spindle or shaft and second lever having a clip end so as to
actuate the feed or regulate the depth of cut on each traverse of the
metal being operated upon.
The apparatus above described is readily applied to upright boring
machines whereby such machines are adapted for this work without the
necessity of a separate machine for the purpose as hereto employed, the
work being effected with despatch and economy..
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Templeton Lucas at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th May 1869.
I, JOHN TEMPLETON LUCAS, of No. 89, Brecknock Road, Camden
Road, in the County of Middlesex, Artist, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES," to be
as follows:-
My improvement consists in adding to the usual pedal action a manual
action to be applied to the hind wheels, of which there are two, which
manual action also serves as a break doing away with the necessity for
the usual strap break. The manual action to be applied is as follows:―
In front of the rider who sits upon a seat or saddle and at a convenient
distance from his body is rigidly fixed a two or three branched fork,
pierced towards its upper extremities by horizontal sockets between the
arms of the fork, and in the said sockets one or two cranks revolve.
Motion is communicated to the crank or cranks by crank handles or
manuals fixed to them and revolving on the outside of the fork. The
curved body beam, which may or may not be a spring, is separated
posteriorly into two branches which bear freely by sockets upon the axle
or axles of the two hind wheels. Motion is communicated to the hind

page_text: wheels from the manual crank or cranks by means of a connecting rod
or rods. The velocipede is guided or steered by a crescent-shaped spring
attached by a short rod projecting from its concavity to the top of the
guiding fork in which the foro wheel works. A short handle fixed to its
convexity is at the ready disposal of the rider. The spring is in the
form of a crescent in order to avoid the fork in which the manual cranks
revolve. When the velocipede is going straight ahead the spring handle
rests in a notch.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HOLLOW SHOT OR SHELL
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Foster at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th May
1869.
I, DAVID FOSTER, of Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF HOLLOW SHOT OR SHELL," to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to the manufacture of cast-iron chilled hollow
shot or shell. Chilled hollow shot or shell when so cast in iron as to be
chilled to the same degree of hardness at all parts of its exterior surface
is liable to fracture. Now I so manufacture hollow shot or shell of cast
iron that the nose or that part which is intended to strike and penetrate an
object is chilled, and I so manufacture the other parts of the hollow shot
or shell that such parts are not chilled or are only partially chilled, and
have therefore more tenacity and less liability to fracture. As is well
known some descriptions of cast iron when poured into a chill mould
become extremely hard or "chilled," while other descriptions of cast
iron are either not at all or only slightly affected by the chill mould, and
to a great extent remain soft and tough. Now when manufacturing
hollow shot or shell of cast iron I first pour into the chill mould a

page_text: sufficient quantity of the harder quality of iron to form the chilled nose
of the projectile, and after a short interval I fill up the mould with the
softer quality of metal, which flows over the metal first poured in,
uniting and forming one casting therewith. The hollow shot or shell
when manufactured as above described will be chilled at the nose and be
comparatively soft and tough at the other parts. I sometimes form the
mould partly of sand and partly of a suitable "chill" mould, such chill
portion of the mould being placed in that part of tho mould which forms
the nose of the projectile, the sand forming the portion of the mould
for the other parts. A hollow shot or shell when cast in this mould
from two qualities of metal, as above described, or from one quality of
metal only, will be chilled at the nose, and be comparatively soft and
tough at the other parts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SEATS OF RAILWAY CARRIAGES SO AS TO LESSEN THE FORCE OF CONCUSSION WHEN TRAINS MEET OR RUN INTO EACH OTHER
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Crowther at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
July 1869.
I, JOSEPH CROWTHER, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SEATS OF RAILWAY CARRIAGES SO AS TO LESSEN THE
FORCE OF CONCUSSION WHEN TRAINS MEET OR RUN INTO EACH OTHER," to be
as follows:-
I construct the seats or forms to swing or move on pivots, so that in
case of concussion instead of the passengers being thrown violently
against each other the different seats or forms will give way all in the
same direction, and to avoid them being driven against the back part of
the carriage I would make the backs loose so that they could be removed
at pleasure. And in order to connect several carriages together I make
sliding platforms under the ends of each carriage to slide in and out
as the buffers give way. If found desirable the seats or forms may be
placed on wheels, so as to give way in case of concussions. This plan

page_text: would evidently necessitate the adoption of the slide floors to connect
the carriages, as already described. To prevent the passengers being
exposed to the weather in cases of collisions by the carriages being
separated a little from each other, an expanding hood or cover at the end
of each carriage may be supplied.
IMPROVE MENTS IN WASHING MACHINES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Horsley, of No. 1, Waltham Street,
Hull, in the County of Yorkshire, for the Invention of "IMPROVE
MENTS IN WASHING MACHINES."-A communication from abroad by
William Hewes, of the City of Toronto, Canada.
Sealed the 30th November 1869, and dated the 6th October 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Horsley
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 6th October 1869.
I, WILLIAM HENRY HORSLEY, of No. 1, Waltham Street, Hull, in the
County of Yorkshire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in washing machines.
For this purpose a wash board with a corrugated surface is employed, it
has two standards fixed to it, one on either side. The upper ends of

page_text: these standards carry a rocking bar, which is parallel to the face of the
wash board, and serves as a guide for a frame which at its lower end
carries a pair of rollers resting upon the corrugated surface of the wash
board or upon the materials thereon. These rollers are also corrugated
longitudinally, their axes on either side are connected together by links,
and these links intermediate of the two rollers are connected by pivots
with the roller frame. At the top of the roller frame there are two
stems which are passed through holes in the rocking bar. In working
the machine the roller frame is moved to and fro by hand, so as to
cause the rollers to pass over the wash board and the materials thereon,
on which they are caused to bear with a moderate pressure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINED REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gustavus Rollins at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th July 1869.-A communication from abroad by James Thayer,
of New York, in the United States of America.
I, JOHN GUSTAVUS ROLLINS, of Old Swan Wharf, Upper Thames
Street, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINED REAPING AND MOWING
MACHINES," communicated to me from abroad by James Thayer, of New
York, in the United States of America, to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to that class of machines which can be converted
from a reaping to a mowing machine, and vice versa as desired. For
this purpose the platform of the machine used to receive the grain when
the machine is used as a reaper is bolted to the finger bar, and has at
its outer end a short piece of finger bar, similar to finger bar used in
mowing, so that when the platform is attached to the machine the width

page_text: of the cut is considerably increased, as it is found in practice that a wider
cut may be used in cutting grain than in cutting grass. By these means
the cutting apparatus may be lengthened without changing the finger
bar.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENTS OF ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Eugene George Bartholomew
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 26th May 1869.
I, EUGENE GEORGE BARTHOLOMEW, of No. 1, Chepstow Villas, York
Road, Upper Holloway, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer aud
Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENTS OF ELECTRICAL
APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the construction and arrangements of
pieces or parts of electrical apparatus whereby an electric commutator
is made, which is applicable to double or single needle telegraph
instruments, or to other purposes in which the direction of a battery
current is required to be reversed at will.
The first part of the Invention consists in making use of the tie bars,
technically called the "stretchers," or of the pieces which perform this
function as conductors of the electric current, and also as supports to
which certain portions of the apparatus may be fixed.

page_text: The Invention also consists in constructing the axle of the instrument
so that the back end shall project and be pressed against by what are
termed the line springs, so that every movement of the axle shall cause
a rubbing action by which the surfaces are kept clean so as to insure
good metallic contact. The circuit of the line springs is broken when
the axle is moved to one side or the other by an insulated stud pin or
block attached to the axle, to which stud is connected ono of the battery
poles, the axle itself when moved being put into connection with the
other battery pole,
Another part of the Invention relates to the arrangement of the dials
of telegraphic indicators, and consists in making the dial revolve within
an outer ring; the ring is fixed directly to the back plate which supports
the coils and other parts by pillars, cocks, or other suitable arrangements.
The last part of the Invention consists in the employment for tele-
graphic purposes of coils or helices of insulated wire without iron cores,
by which all residuary magnetism in the coils is entirely avoided.
AN IMPROVED SUNSHADE, APPLICABLE TO HATS AND CERTAIN OTHER HEAD COVERINGS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Harrison at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
March 1869.-A communication from abroad by Paul Combet, of
Nimes, in the Empire of France.
I, WILLIAM HARRISON, of No. 15, King Edward Street, in the City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED SUNSHADE, APPLICABLE TO HATS AND CERTAIN OTHER HEAD COVERINGS,"
(a communication from Paul Combet) to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved sunshade, which may at will
be applied to and detached from ordinary hats, rimmed caps, and other
descriptions of rimmed coverings for the head provided with "brims."
The improved shade is composed of a round or oval piece of textile or
other suitable material, in the centre of which is formed a circular or
oval opening of sufficient size to give passage to the body of the hat.
The edge of this opening is surrounded by an elastic band or binding,
by the tension of which the shade is maintained in position on the hat,
and from this band radiates a series of stretchers, composed of
whalebone, cane, steel, or other suitable flexible material.
body of the hat or other head covering is passed through the central
The

page_text: opening of the shade arranged as above, which, being brought down in
close contact with the rim opens out in the same manner as a parasol
under the tension of the elastic fixing band. The material and
dimensions of this shade may of course be varied according to require-
ments.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELEVATORE FOR RAISING AND STACKING STRAW, HAY, AND OTHER SIMILAR SUB- STANCES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stephen Lewin at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
December 1869.
I, STEPHEN LEWIN, of Poole, in the County of Dorset, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ELEVATORE FOR RAISING AND STACKING STRAW, HAY, AND OTHER SIMILAR SUB-
STANCES," to be as follows:-
My improvements in elevators consist, firstly, in providing underneath
the main trough of the elevator a second trough through which the
straw or sheaf carriers after turning over the top roller are made to pass
in their downward passage, whereby the said carriers are prevented from
drawing the sheaf or straw down again.
Another improvement consists in providing the main trough with a
joint at or about the middle of its length, so that the upper part can be
folded down over the lower part, and thus the elevator be rendered more
compact for transport.
Another improvement consists in effecting the raising and lowering of
the main poles or supports of the trough by two double winches fixed.

page_text: to the carriage, one on each side of the point at which the poles or
supports are connected thereto, by means of which winches the poles are
supported at any desired angle for the convenience of opening and
shutting the trough:
Another improvement consists in providing antifriction rollers in the
main trough for the chains of the carriers to pass over in order to
prevent the carriers from rubbing against the guides to such an extent
as is at present the case.
Another improvement consists in providing the front incline trough
with endless chains travelling over wheels in order to prevent the straw
or hay from lodging either at the side or the end of the receiver.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BUCKETS, PAILS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES OF HOLLOW WARE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Jones at the Office of.
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th March
1869.
I, DAVID JONES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BUCKETS, PAILS, AND OTHER SIMILAR
ARTICLES OF HOLLOW WARE," to be as follows, that is to say:-
My Invention refers more particularly to improvements in the
formation of the lids or covers and in the putting together of the parts
forming such articles of hollow ware. In the formation of the lids or
covers of such articles I take a blank or flat piece of sheet iron and
stamp or raise it to a required contour in section in the ordinary manner,
and then introduce a ring of wire upon the inside of the flange or rim of
the lid or cover to serve the purpose of a mandril or core in the
formation of the shoulder or bead upon the outside of the flange or rim,
which is effected by means of the action of a lathe.

page_text: My improvements in putting together the parts of buckets, pails, and
other similar articles of hollow ware consist in spinning on to the body
of the article the neck and foot in a lathe, or by means of suitable rolls,
a neat bead or flange being formed at each juncture. By these improve-
ments the articles may be produced at a much cheaper rate than by the
ordinary processes, and with a greater amount of finish.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFE BUOYS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Wright Morgan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the
21st August 1869.
I, GEORGE WRIGHT MORGAN, of 3, George Yard, Great Dover Street,
Southwark, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFE BUOYS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in adapting to a life buoy approximating
in form and portability to the circular buoy in general use certain
compartments for the purpose of containing food, water, brandy, or
other necessaries of life, together with a flagstaff and other suitable
distress signals, and also in depending from the said life buoy a stage
or car, upon which the user may stand, and in providing a convenient
scat. I prefer to construct the life buoy of cork built up upon the food.
and other tanks, which tanks for convenience I arrange in the form of
an octagonal ring, though I do not limit myself to that shape.
Access is gained to the food tanks and to a compartment which I term
the lumber chamber by means of openings fitted with self-closing air-
tight mouths formed of india-rubber to prevent the ingress of water

page_text: while the provisions or the contents of the lumber chamber are being
withdrawn. These openings are further closed by air-tight lids. Water
or brandy is abstracted by means of the usual flexible india-rubber tubes,
which are likewise closed in by air-tight lids. The stage is suspended
by means of lines, which lines are capable of being adjusted in length
by the user to suit his height and weight. The stage is of less diameter
than the inner circumference of the buoy for the purpose of folding
inside when the buoy is not in use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES OF THE CLASS IN WHICH THE DOFFING CYLINDER IS DIVIDED INTO SPACES, AND A NOVEL METHOD OF TESTING AND UTILISING THE SLIVERS FROM THE SAME
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Taylor, Richard Ingham,
James Ingham, and James Sharples at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 16th March
1869.
We, JOHN TAYLOR, Carding Master, RICHARD INGHAM, JAMES
INGHAM, and JAMES SHARPLES, Cotton Spinners and Manufacturers, all
of Crawshaw Booth, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES OF THE
CLASS IN WHICH THE DOFFING CYLINDER IS DIVIDED INTO SPACES, AND A NOVEL
METHOD OF TESTING AND UTILISING THE SLIVERS FROM THE SAME," to be as
follows:-
We divide the doffing cylinder so as to meet a double exigency
especially in the waste trade; firstly, to obtain a continuous fleece, so
as to dispense with piecing machinery, and, secondly to obtain a sliver
neither twisted, half twisted, nor rubbed. It is obvious that such slivers
will differ from any of the well known forms in which they have
hitherto been used. We adjust the weight of the slivers so that in
falling from the calender rollers usually employed to the bottom of the
cans in which they are received their own weight will neither break

page_text: nor elongate them. In this adjustment of weight it is found that they
are suitable for feeding, either to a preparation roving frame or
preparation mule, or so called billy. These slivers we find are of
thickness best for such purpose when the common 48 inches on the
wire wide carding engine doffer is divided into four parts; when it is
divided into fewer parts we find it rather heavy for the purpose, and
when it is further subdivided it does not carry its weight, when filled
into a can or drawn off therefrom, unless the carding engine has been
too heavily fed. Such sliver may either be rolled in the ordinary
manner upon bobbins, or received into cans, as above described, in front
of the carding engine, our improvement referring simply to the double
test of thickness to stand the strain received, and absence of twisting or
rubbing, by which we obtain a continuous sliver more suitable than has
been hitherto obtained for the after processes.
'
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF CONCENTRATED FOOD TABLETS OR CAKES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th January 1889.--A communication from abroad by Augustin
Spont, of Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF CONCENTRATED FOOD
TABLETS OR CAKES," a communication from abroad by Augustin Spont, of
Paris, in the Empire of France, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in combining together in the form of a
tablet or cake the four different descriptions of food, namely, the con-
centrated essence or juice of flesh meat, the concentrated essence or
juice of poultry, game, or other birds, the concentrated juice or extract
of vegetables, or in some cases the vegetables themselves, and some
feculent or amylaceous substance or substances, such, for example, as
rice, vermicelli, tapioca, and the like. By this combination of
substances food tablets or cakes are obtained of a far superior
flavour to those hitherto manufactured.
The meat and other extracts

page_text: may be obtained by what is known as the Liebeg process, or by any
And in order to exclude the
other suitable or well-known method.
presence of inert substances composed chiefly of the pulpy parts of
vegetables it is proposed in the case of carrots, cabbages, and such like
vegetables to remove them from the preparation directly they have
parted with their juices. These tablets or cakes are intended to be used
in the ordinary manner by dissolving in boiling water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FLY WHEELS AND OTHER CONSTRUCTIONS, RENDERING THE SAME HEAVY OR LIGHT AS MAY BE REQUIRED
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josiah Ritchie at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
March 1869.
I, JOSIAH RITCHIE, of Leicester Street, Leicester Square, West-
minster, in the County of Middlesex, Manufacturing Dentist, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FLY
WHEELS AND OTHER CONSTRUCTIONS, RENDERING THE SAME HEAVY OR LIGHT AS MAY
BE REQUIRED," to be as follows:-
I make fly wheels or other constructions above named in the form of
hollow circular cases of iron, earthenware, porcelain, or other materials,
with an opening or openings provided with means of closing the same
to admit of the insertion and the emptying of water or other fluid or
weighting body to increase the power of rotary or other motion; such
wheels being specially applicable to lathes, sewing machines, and other
machinery requiring to be portable. The application of water or
weighting material being effected at a convenient time renders these
wheels more portable than those of the old solid weight construction.
The following is an exemplar of the way I proceed to carry my In-
vention into practical effect:-I make a hollow wheel or circular case in

page_text: zinc, iron, porcelain, or other materials, if in zinc I make it in two
halves somewhat of "gong shape" raised in the centre to a level with
the edges. I solder a piece or pieces of zinc or other metal or materials
inside one half of the wheel (to form breakwaters), leaving it full to fit
the other half when together. I leave an opening through or between
these pieces of metal or breakwaters, first, at the point near to or adjacent
to the centre, and the next near to the edges of the wheel; after which
I solder the two halves together leaving a groove all round for the gut
or strap to run in if required. Through the centre of the wheel I run a
crank or tube secured water-tight, to which a treadle may when requisite
be attached, which is attached to a stand with one or more uprights, the
stands and uprights being either hollow or solid. The stand and upright
I make of iron or other materials. If hollow I have an opening or
openings to admit of the insertion and emptying of the water or
weighting substance.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BARBED NEEDLES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Amos Tatham at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th May
1869.
I, AMOS TATHAM, of Ilkeston, in the County of Derby, Needle
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BARBED NEEDLES," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to manufacture needles employed in
the making of hosiery and lace, and known as "barbed needles," by
stamping them between dies which are acted upon by mechanical means
in lieu of hand labour as at present employed.
I take a wire of the required length and place one end thereof upon a
die of the required form fitted in or on a bed plate or anvil; I then cause
a hammer head to descend and force the wire into the groove of the die
and to spread out the superfluous metal of the wire. The hammer head
is then raised, and the spread out portions of the wire are clipped off

page_text: by a suitable apparatus. The end is then finished and bent into the
required shape. The apparatus to which the hammer head is fitted may
be operated by steam or other power, and any number of them may be
fitted in one frame.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Stewart Jones at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th June 1869.
I, EDWARD STEWART JONES, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Shipowner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to velocipedes with two wheels, so placed side
by side that the rider can sit between them, and consists,―
First. As means for steadying the vehicle when at rest, and when
starting or stopping, in giving one of the wheels a slight lead, that is to
say,
instead of fitting the wheels on the same axis and running them
abreast I fit the axis of the one wheel in advance of the axis of the
other wheel to the extent of a few inches.
Second. In providing means by which the wheels can be made to run
true on their axles. For this purpose the frame which connects the
wheels and whereon the seat is supported passes into the hubs of the
wheels. The portions of the said frame which pass into the hubs are
made hollow, and the frame as a whole is just within the inner surfaces
of the hubs bent downwards. Through the hollow tube-like ends of the

page_text: said frame the driving axles are passed, and these are fastened to the
outer surfaces of the hubs, so that when running the driving axles and
wheels are made to rotate together, the former in and the latter on the
said hollow ends. On the inner ends of the driving axles the cranks
are fixed, and the connecting rods and treadles are coupled to the
latter.
And, third. In fitting to the front end of the connecting and seat-
supporting frame one or more antifriction wheels, so that in travelling
over rough roads the said front end of the said frame shall not come
into contact with the ground when the centre of gravity of the rider is
suddenly disturbed, but the antifriction wheel or wheels shall allow the
vehicle to move along without material diminution in speed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES FOR BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Dowler and William;
Pursall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 7th December 1869.
We, GEORGE DOWLER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, and WILLIAM PURSALL, of Aston, near Birmingham,
aforesaid, Manager of Works, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES FOR BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in constructing the said cartridges in two parts,
as herein-after explained, whereby great facility in the manufacture of
the said cartridges is obtained, and the cartridges so made possess the
advantage that after discharge they can be readily recharged and used
afresh. Thoy possess the further advantage that they are free from the
inconvenience which arises by the expansion of the rim of cartridges as
ordinarily constructed, the said expansion frequently rendering difficult
the extraction of the case of the exploded cartridge.
In constructing a cartridge according to our Invention we take a thin
metallic tube open at both ends, of the length of the cartridge to be

page_text: made, and we expand that end which is to constitute the base of the
cartridge and form thereat a rim for the extractor to engage with; we
take another thin tube about half the length of the former, and so much
less in diameter that it fits tightly in the first-mentioned tube; the said
smaller tube is closed at one end, the said closed end having the general
figure of the base of an ordinary cartridge, it is provided with a recess
for the reception of the percussion cap and anvil, and a small hole for
the flash or fire to pass through. In charging these tubes we fill the
smaller one with gunpowder, closing its open end when necessary with
a wad; we charge the larger tube with shot or bullet from the rear end;
when we use shot we first introduce a wad, and after the shot we
introduce a second wad on the shot; when we use a bullet we only
employ a wad at the base of the bullet; we now insert the smaller
tube into the rear end of the larger tube. When the two parts of the
cartridge have been put together in the manner described and the
percussion cap and anvil inserted in the recess at the base of the smaller
tube the cartridge is complete. After the cartridge has been fired and
the compound case extracted from the gun the smaller tube is with.
drawn from the larger one; the said smaller one may now be recharged
with powder, and the larger one with a projectile or shot, and the parts
put together again, and a fresh percussion cap and anvil placed in the
base of the smaller tube; the cartridge is then ready to be used again.
The smaller tube may be made in part of paper or other non-metallic
material. In this case the said smaller tube will be sometimes so injured
by the discharge as not to be capable of being used again.
A NEW METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR WALKING ON A CEILING OR OTHER SURFACES; APPLICABLE ALSO TO WALKING AND PERFORMING IN OTHER POSITIONS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Walter Taylor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th February 1869.
I, ALFRED WALTER TAYLOR, of Seven Sisters Lodge, Seven Sisters
Road, Holloway, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW METHOD OF AND
APPARATUS FOR WALKING ON A CEILING OR OTHER SURFACES; APPLICABLE ALSO TO
WALKING AND PERFORMING IN OTHER POSITIONS," to be as follows:-
The performance of gymnasts and athletes is at the present time
greatly appreciated by the public. These exhibitions, however, involve
great risk of life and limb to the performer, none of which are more
esteemed than walking (head downwards) on a ceiling or other surface.
There are now but two methods by which this performance is effected,
namely, the one by the aid of various shaped suckers attached to the
foot of the performer, and the other by placing the foot in rings, loops,
or corded knots, both methods being extremely dangerous to the
operator.
By my Invention I entirely dispense with the use of suckers, rings,
loops, knots, or any such like apparatus, and strongly attach to the foot

page_text: of the performer a plate of iron, and I use a ceiling the face, under side,
or surface of which consists of a large sheet of brass or other material,
and at the top or reverse side of the sheet I have connections for
causing a contact with a very powerful electro-magnet, which by
strongly attracting the iron plates attached to the foot of the performer
keeps him very firmly in a perpendicular position, and as the connecting
points of the electro-magnet are moved so the operator is enabled to
walk in both a graceful and very surprising manner without fear or
possibility of falling, which has hitherto rendered a similar performance
so exceedingly dangerous. I however claim the sole privilege or right
of effecting any performance of this kind by the aid or use of electro-
magnetism or galvanism in connection with a human being.
By the same principles I would cause the performer to walk up a
wall or other surface in a horizontal position, and also effect a perform-
ance to cause a human being to traverse head downwards along what
would
appear to the spectators to be a rope, but in reality a tube, and by
the foregoing principles I would also have iron plates attached to the
hands of the performer, so that he might be able to be suspended and
move along by them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY APPARATUS FOR STEAM BOILERS, IN. APPARATUS TO PROVIDE FOR AND REGULATE THE ADMISSION OF AIR TO STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES, AND IN APPARATUS TO PROVIDE FOR THE ESCAPE OF WATER FROM STEAM PIPES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Samuel Walker Muir at
the Office of the Commissioners of, Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th August 1869..
I, CHARLES SAMUEL WALKER MUIR, of Kilmarnock, in the County of
Ayr, North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY APPARATUS FOR STEAM BOILERS, IN.
APPARATUS TO PROVIDE FOR AND REGULATE THE ADMISSION OF AIR TO STEAM
BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES, AND IN APPARATUS TO PROVIDE FOR THE ESCAPE OF
WATER FROM STEAM PIPES," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention comprises three analogous applications of the expansion
and contraction produced by changes of temperature in metal rods.
In the first of these applications safety apparatus for a steam boiler is
provided by fixing therein by one end a rod of copper or other suitable
metal, such rod being placed in a horizontal position at the water level,
and having its free end connected to a lever acting on the safety or
other steam escape valve, or on a valve for admitting water; then when
the water in the boiler descends below the proper level the rod being.

page_text: subjected to increased heat expands and acts on the valve to which it
is connected so as to either let steam escape or water enter.
In the second application the copper or other metal rod is fitted in
connection with an air regulator valve either in the ordinary furnace
door or in the side dead plate or crown of the furnace mouth; then
when fresh coal is put on the fire the rod is cooled and contracting
opens the valve to admit the extra supply of air required; but on the
heat rising again the rod expands and reduces the supply of air just
when that supply ought to be reduced.
In the third application a valve box is fitted in connection with the
steam pipe in a position allowing water formed in the steam pipe to
drain into it. The valve is in the bottom of the box and is fixed to or
formed on the bottom end of a rod of brass or other metal, the rate of
expansion of which is different from that of the cast iron or other metal
of which the valve box is made; then when the box is without water
and full of steam the expansion of the metal rod, due to the heat, keeps
the valve shut; but when there is a quantity of water in the box the
comparative coolness causes the rod to contract and so to open the valve
and let the water escape.
A METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR WORKING MACHINERY WITHOUT FUEL OR LABOUR
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Thompson at the Office of
. the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th April
1869.
I, JOHN THOMPSON, 14, Great Nelson Street, Liverpool, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "A METHOD OF AND APPARATUS
FOR WORKING MACHINERY WITHOUT FUEL OR LABOUR," to be as follows:-
On the principal that water or other fluid will raise to its surface
bodies of a lighter nature, said bodies being in continuous connection
will continue to rise and turn in a manner similar to a strap as used to
procure the revolutions of a steam engine or shaft.
My Invention consists of an endless chain of vessels rising in the
water on the one side and falling in the air on the other side, thus
producing the revolutions of the wheels or shafts.
Reference to the Drawing forming part of my "Provisional Speci-
fication" will show the process by which my Invention is carried out.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA- RATUS FOR SPINNING, TWISTING, OR DOUBLING AND ROVING WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Speight, John Edward
Burton, and Edward Brooke at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 22nd January 1809.
We, JOHN SPEIGHT, of Bradford, in the County of York, Worsted
Spinner, JOHN EDWARD BURTON and EDWARD BROOKE, of Bradford,
aforesaid, Worsted Spinners and Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA-
RATUS FOR SPINNING, TWISTING, OR DOUBLING AND ROVING WOOL OR OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to means of driving or giving rotary motion to
the spindles, tubes, or bobbins employed in such machinery, and con-
sists in the application of a horizontal rotary shaft under each row or
series in a line of the spindles, tubes, or bobbins. A series of discs or
friction pullies are mounted on the said shaft, and arranged so that by
having a flange or collar formed on each spindle, tube, or bobbin they
will rest or be supported upon the said discs or pullies, and by the
frictional contact therewith receive rotary motion therefrom.
THE HEATING OF RAILWAY AND ALL OTHER CARRIAGES, STEAMERS, VESSELS, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE APARTMENTS OR BUILDINGS BY MEANS OF ELECTRICITY
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Matthew Fontaine Maury at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th March 1869.-A communication from abroad by W. Leigh
Burton, of Richmond, Virginia, United States of America.
I, MATTHEW FONTAINE MAURY, of 18, Upper Gloucester Place, Dorset
Square, London, N.W., do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "THE HEATING OF RAILWAY AND ALL OTHER CARRIAGES, STEAMERS,
VESSELS, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE APARTMENTS OR BUILDINGS BY MEANS OF
ELECTRICITY," to be as follows:-
It consists of a chain or coil composed or made up of alternate
obstructions and free conductors arranged in any compact form and
properly insulated, and in applying it I propose to use any kind of
electricity which might be best adapted for the particular application of
it. I reserve the right to use a continuous obstructing medium, and
attach reservoirs or radiators of any shape or size to it in any manner
I may elect to do so; to use short pieces of obstructing material and

page_text: connect them with the reservoirs in any manner whatever, or to use the
same material and reduce and reduce the size of it at intervals for the
purpose of producing obstructing mediums, either by pressure, casting,
hammering, or in any other manner whatever.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MAKING TUCKS OR PLAITS, APPLICABLE TO SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Russell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
November 1869.
I, ALEXANDER RUSSELL, of Cheapside, in the City of London, Machinist,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR MAKING TUCKS OR PLAITS, APPLICABLE TO SEWING MACHINES,
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
apparatus to be adapted to sewing machines for making tucks or plaits,
and consists in the employment of two plates situate just above the
cloth plate with their acting edges in the direction of the feed of the
cloth. One of these plates is fixed so that its acting straight edge
projects a little in front of the line of stitching made by the needle,
whilst the other is adjustable so as to be capable of projecting more or
less according to the width of tuck or plait over the surface of the fixed
plate, and its edge is by preference curved towards the end furthest from
the needle in order to facilitate the passage of the fabric as it enters the
apparatus. The fabric to be operated upon is folded somewhat in the
form of the letter S, it being first passed under the fixed plate, then
turned back over the front edge of that plate, and finally folded forward

page_text: over the acting edge of the adjustable upper plate. The fabric is thus
laid in folds or plaits continuously as fast as it is fed along, and these
are secured by the sewing mechanism of the machine, the stitches passing
through the three thicknesses of the folded fabric in lieu of only through
two as heretofore, thus making a neater and stronger tuck which always
remains flat. When a number of very fine plaits are required in close
order it is proposed to employ in addition to the two plates above
referred to an adjustable guage plate with a rather sharp edge, which
fits under the last made plait and thereby regulates the position of the
succeeding plait of the series. These folding and guiding plates may be
adapted to various kinds of sewing machines in various ways according
to the general conformation of the machine itself, but in all cases they
are situate on that side of the needle from which the fabric travels on its
way to be stitched.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION CF VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Bliss at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd May 1869.
I, WILLIAM HENRY BLISS, of Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION CF VELOCIPEDES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the arrangement, con-
struction, and combination of the parts of velocipedes, three wheels being
employed in combination with curved or other suitably formed springs
mounted upon the axle of the two hind wheels, such spring or springs
being combined with a central spring attached to the longitudinal beam
or body of the velocipede in front. This combination of the springs
affords convenience for mounting a comfortable seat thereon with back
and sides, if desired, in place of the ordinary saddle, whereby such
vehicles may be used by ladies or gentlemen with case and comfort.
The axle of the front wheel is constructed with a crank at each end for
the purpose of propelling the vehicle by means of feet of the rider
in a similar manner to the ordinary "bicycle." The front part of the

page_text: body or longitudinal beam is supported upon a spiral or other suitable
spring upon the vertical forked rod mounted upon the front axle, by
which means combined with the arrangement of the seat and springs,
the rider will travel with much greater case than heretofore. A
steering lever is mounted on the vertical forked rod, and a brake is
applied to the front driving wheel. The hind wheels in this improved
arrangement and combination of parts I prefer to be of much larger
diameter than heretofore. An apron is arranged so as to be attached
to a cross har, or otherwise at the front part of the vehicle and to
the seat of the rider so as to cover and protect the lower part of the
person.
Another part of my Invention relates to improvements in the arrange-
ment and and construction of double-bodied velocipedes, the arrangement
of the springs and front driving wheels being similar to that previously
described, an addition sent (or sents) being mounted upon the front
and back springs. Cranks are applied to the back or hind wheels,
treadles being attached to the cranks and to the beam or body of the
vehicle, which treadles are actuated by the feet of the rider seated behind.
Hand levers may, if desired be arranged, and employed with either of the
combinations previously described.
The general appearance of velocipedes constructed and arranged iu
accordance with my Invention is greatly improved.