IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND PAPER FOLDING AND PASTING MACHINERY
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake;
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND PAPER FOLDING AND PASTING
MACHINERY." A communication from abroad by Walter Scott, of Plainfield,
New Jersey, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th August 1881.
"
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London. IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND
PAPER FOLDING AND PASTING MACHINERY.” [A communication from abroad by
Walter Scott, of Plainfield, New Jersey, United States of America.]
This Invention relates to improvements in web printing machines with a
folding attachment, the object being to print from two rolls on the same press, and
then associate the two printed webs so that they may be folded together; or to
print from a single roll, the web being divided longitudinally, and the two parts
being associated before delivery to the folding mechanism.
In carrying the said Invention into practice, I construct the said machine as
follows, that is to say :-I provide a main frame which may be of any suitable
construction to receive and support the entire mechanism for printing, associating,
and folding the sheets, all of the devices being mounted in or on this frame.
At the front end of the machine are two standards, and the rolls of paper are
mounted on a single spindle which is supported in suitable bearings on these
standards. There is but a single spindle, but it is made of sufficient length to
accommodate two rolls of paper whenever it is desired to print two webs at the
same time, both rolls being mounted on the same spindle.
The spindle is provided at one end with a disc which is embraced by friction-
clamps provided with a tightening screw, whereby the friction may be regulated.
It is desirable to provide for the adjustment of the paper rolls or rolls lengthwise,
to bring the web or webs into proper position on the printing cylinders. To

page_text: accomplish this a collar is attached to the spindle outside of one of its end bearings,
the collar having a circumferential groove.
A lever is jointed at one end to the standard just in front of the collar, the
connection being made by a gimbal-joint, so that the lever may be vibrated both
vertically and horizontally. The lever is provided on its under side with two pins,
the first of which is arranged to fit in the groove of the collar, while the outer one
drops into a similar groove in a nut on a threaded pin attached to the standard
just back of the spindle. The turning of this nut will vibrate the outer end of the
lever horizontally, thereby giving an end adjustment to the spindle carrying the
paper. The lever is free to swing to permit the removal of the spindle whenever
it is desired to change rolls. It will thus be seen that whether one or more rolls
of paper are employed, all are mounted on and carried by a single spindle, and are
controlled by a single friction-device, and adjusted by a single mechanism.
An ink-distributing cylinder is mounted in the front end of the frame, and is
supplied from the ink-fountain below in the usual way, being provided with dis-
tributing rollers.
The plate-cylinder is of ordinary construction, and provided with suitable clamps
for fastening the printing plates thereto.
An impression cylinder is arranged to run in connection with the plate-cylinder,
and it is provided at the ends with bearing flanges of such width as to run
constantly in contact, thereby preserving the surface of the two cylinders, which
sometimes is varied by the wearing of the bearings, whereby causing an unequal
wear of the edges of the printing plates.
Supporting rollers are mounted in upright standards, being arranged about over
the ink-distributing and plate cylinders respectively, and to the back of the
standards of the inner roller a friction-bar is attached, the surface of which is
convex.
A drop-roller is mounted in the usual vibrating frame, which is also pivoted to
the same standards, the roller being arranged to drop into the impression-cylinder.
A series of carrying tapes are arranged underneath the impression-cylinder,
being mounted on ordinary rollers, and running in contact with the impression-
cylinder.
In rear of the said impression-cylinder is a second impression-cylinder which is
of much larger size than the former, and is provided with the usual blanket and
tympan sheet. The front end of the blanket is attached to the cylinder by means
of a rod passing through loops in the end of the blanket; and to facilitate the
insertion of the rod it is provided with a jointed end secured by a screw-thread, so
that it may be readily transferred from one rod to another. In other respects the
attachment of the blankets is in the ordinary way. A second plate-cylinder is
arranged in proper relation to the larger impression-cylinder, and is similar in
construction to the first named plate-cylinder, these two cylinders being provided
with end flanges if desired.
A series of tapes are arranged to run in contact with the upper portion of the
larger impression-cylinder being carried by ordinary tape-rollers.
The second ink-distributing cylinder is of usual construction, and in connection
there with there are ordinary reciprocating ink-distributing rollers arranged to run
in contact therewith. These rollers are reciprocated in the usual way, and are
secured in open bearings which are provided at one end with spring pins. The
spring on these pins is bent to form a shoulder, by means of which they are held in
place; the spring is also narrower than the pin, and the upper portion of the slot
through which the pin passes is narrower than the lower portion, so as to admit
the spring only, and the upward pressure of the journals will therefore be prevented
from coming on the spring and depressing it, which would permit the pin to slip
from its place and make the fastening insecure.
The form inking rollers are mounted in bearings which are fitted in yokes in
which they are adjustable vertically by means of screws. The journals of the form-
rollers are extended at one end so as to be of about the same length as the dis-

page_text: tributing rollers, and the bearings at this end of the rollers are made so that the
extended journals may slide back and forth therein, to permit the rollers to be
removed when lifted from the bearings at their opposite ends.
By this construction the form-rollers are adapted for use as distributing rollers,
so that after they are worn and thereby rendered unfit for further use as form
rollers, they may still be utilized as distributing rollers.
The ductor-roller has its bearings in vibrating arms which are adjustable
vertically in guide slots in the arms by means of suitable screws. The said arms
are attached to a rock-shaft, around which is wound a spiral spring which operates
to hold the roller away from the distributing cylinder, and in contact with the
fountain-roller. An arm is placed loosely on this rock-shaft at the rear side of the
machine, and a second arm is here fastened to the rock-shaft and extended
below it, being provided at its lower end with a transverse slot. The loose
arm is fastened to the other arm by a screw which enters a slot in the latter,
and by means of the slot and screw the loose arm may be adjusted on the
rock-shaft. The loose arm carries at its upper end a pin, against which a cam, also
attached to the shaft of the fountain-roller, is arranged to bear, and is of such form
as to vibrate the ductor-roller at suitable intervals to transfer ink from the
fountain-roller to the distributing cylinder. The cams which move the fountain
and ductor rollers are both on the same shaft, so that both rollers are vibrated by.
the rotation of a single shaft which is driven by gearing from the ink-distributing
cylinder.
The ductor is mounted on the ink-fountain by means of suitable slots and screws
which provide for its adjustment to and from the fountain roller, and this adjust-
mont is effected by means of differential screws, by means of which a very nice
adjustment of the ductor is obtained. The ink-distributing cylinder at the front
end of the machine is also provided with the devices described above.
A cutter is arranged above the second roller in position to divide the web
lengthwise when the printing is done from only one roll, or if desired the cutter
may be used to divide all of the webs. This cutter is of ordinary construction.
The web or webs pass through the first and second printing cylinders, thereby
receiving the first and second impressions in the usual way. After receiving the
second impression the webs pass underneath a roller, and thence rearward to
certain turning devices which I will now describe. Sheet turners are arranged
diagonally to the path of the webs, about at an angle of 45 degrees, the first one
extending entirely across the machine, and the second one some distance in the
rear of the former, and extending across only a portion of the machine at the front
side thereof, the distance between the turners taken in the direction of the
path of the web being equal to the width of one of the webs which is to be
turned.
Two constructions of sheet-turner may be employed. The first one is a stiff
bar, such as has been used for a like purpose in other machines. The second one
is a roller mounted in suitable bearings which are provided with a friction or
tightening device, by means of which the ends of the turner are clamped so as to
permit just a little movement of the roller from time to time, to occasionally
present a new surface to the paper.
A pasting blade is arranged just in front of the first sheet-turner, and extends
only over the web and the rear side of the machine. This blade takes paste from
a roller which is supplied from a fountain. The pasting roller is regularly driven
by suitable gearing and the pasting blade is driven by excentric gear-wheels, the
first of which is on the same shaft as the blade, while the second is mounted on a
suitable stud and is driven by a gear-wheel on the shaft of one of the inking
cylinders which engages with a regular gear-wheel on the same stud-shaft as the
excentric. This train of gearing is so arranged as to give a quick movement to the
pasting blade as it is brought down in contact with the web and a slow movement
during the rest of its rotation so as to prevent the throwing off of the paste from
the blade by centrifugal force.

page_text: Now if two rolls of paper are used, and the two webs are run through the press
side by side, obviously the web at the rear side of the machine will be operated
upon first by the first sheet-turner which turns this web at right angles to its
former line of travel. This web is then carried out at the rear side of the machine
over a roller set at right angles to the printing cylinders, and passes thence back
under the turners to a pair of rollers near the back side of the machine and below
the turners. In the meantime the other web on the front side of the machine has
been turned in the same way by the second sheet-turner, the underside of which is
set slightly lower than the underside of the first turner, thereby carrying the
second web a little below the first after it is turned. This web will be carried out
towards the rear side of the machine directly underneath the first web, and is
carried over the upper roller of the pair just mentioned. A set of tapes may be
arranged on this roller and a tape-roller or pulleys set near the centre of the
machine, for the purpose of leading the ends of the web through after being turned.
The front side of the web is carried out and around this roller where it meets the
first web, and the two being joined pass through between the two rollers, the extra
travel of the first web being just sufficient to bring the two together in proper
position when associated.
In order to secure this result with certainty, the lower roller is made adjustable
back and forth in its bearings, an ordinary adjusting screw being provided for this
purpose, but any suitable device may be employed for this adjustment. The lower
roller is also provided with a longitudinal groove and the revolution of this roller
is regulated so that the line of paste previously laid on the back web will always
be brought over this groove as the web passes over the roller, thereby preventing
the paste coming in contact with the surface of the roller. In order to strengthen
the roller and preserve the regular tension upon the web as it passes around the
lower roller, short sections are left in the groove, entire and similar spaces are cut
out of the edge of the pasting blade, so that no paste will be spread on those parts
of the web corresponding to the sections. The two webs after being associated as
described above are carried downward and inward from the rollers to cutting
and folding cylinders arranged at right angles to the printing cylinders.
One of these cylinders is provided with a cutter and a folding blade arranged on
the sides of the cylinder opposite to each other. These cutting and folding blades
are fastened in bars which are fitted in suitable longitudinal grooves in the
cylinder, from which they may be removed when desired. Other grooves are
made in the cylinder for the purpose of adapting the latter to folding half sheets
whenever desired. The next cylinder is arranged higher in the frame than the
former, and is provided with four longitudinal channels arranged at about a quarter
of the circumference from each other. In one of these channels is a bar containing
an ordinary cutting groove adapted to receive the cutting-blade in the first
cylinder. In the channel on the opposite side of the cylinder is a bar which carries
spring gripers fixed on a rock-shaft in the bar which is acted upon by a coiled
spring to hold the gripers up against the side of the groove in which they are
arranged. In the channel between the gripers and the cutting groove an ordinary
folding blade is mounted.
The third cylinder is arranged in rear of and below the second cylinder, and is
provided with two channels on opposite sides, in one of which a bar is fixed
provided with spring gripers. When half sheets are folded these gripers are.
removed and ordinary transferring gripers are arranged in both of the channels in
this cylinder.
The three cutting and folding cylinders are of the same size and are geared to
run at the same speed, and are made of a length twice the width of one of the webs
of paper for a purpose which will be presently explained. The associated webs
are acted upon as one by these three cylinders, the sheets being severed and
receiving two parallel folds by the action of the cutting and folding blades and
gripers which will be readily understood.
Obviously in this operation upon the associated webs the action will be at one

page_text: end only of the cylinders, in this instance the rear end, to which the associated
webs are delivered, though this order may be reversed. The twice folded sheets
as they are delivered from the cylinder are received by suitable tapes by which
they are carried upward and outward towards the front side of the machine over
a pair of ordinary folding rollers set at right angles to the preceding cutting and
folding cylinders and under an ordinary vibrating creaser arranged to operate in
conjunction with these folding rollers. As the folding sheets are delivered to this
folding mechanism, they are creased into the bite of the folding rollers in
the ordinary way, thereby receiving a third fold at right angles to the first two,
and are delivered downward into a receiving trough in front of a reciprocating
packer, by means of which they are delivered properly folded at the rear end of
the machine.
I will now proceed to describe an improvement in the mechanism for operating
the vibrating creaser.
The main driving shaft is located near the centre of the machine and is arranged
to make one revolution for every sheet of printing. The main driving gear wheel
is fixed on this shaft at the front side of the machine, and just outside of it is an
excentric gear-wheel, also mounted on the same shaft, which engages with a similar
excentric gear-wheel mounted on a stud shaft at the front side of the machine.
Inside of this last excentric gear-wheel, and connected to it, is an ordinary
excentric, around which is arranged the usual strap which is connected by a rod
to an arm attached to a rock-shaft on the frame above the excentric. This rock-
shaft is also provided with another arm outside of the former which is connected
by a rod to a crank arın on the rod-shaft to which the arm that carries the creaser
is attached, the two excentric gear-wheels an the excentric are arranged relatively
to each other, so that the creaser will have its quickest motion at the lower part
of its descent when it has operated upon the sheet, thereby producing a quick
movement just as the creaser enters the bite of the folding rolls, and is withdrawn
therofrom, while during the rest of its movement it will have a comparatively
slow motion.
The mechanism, constructed and operated as described above, will produce a
paper of eight pages pasted and folded three times. If it is desired to prepare
supplements, or a paper of four pages instead of eight, it is only necessary to make
the following changes :-In the first place, both webs are led over and turned by
the one sheet turner, which obviously will simply turn the webs without bringing
them one over the other. Thence the turned webs travelling side by side are
carried to the rear side of the machine over the same roller, which is made of a
sufficient length to accommodate both webs, and thence directly to the cutting
and folding cylinders, which operate upon the sheets as they pass through side by
side, just as previously described. Evidently however as two folded sheets will
now be delivered from the cylinders, one in front of the other (speaking with
reference to the machine), it is necessary to provide a second set of devices for
making the third fold in the sheets, and for this purpose I provide another set of
folding rollers and a vibrating creaser, constructed and operated precisely like the
rollers and creaser described above, and arranged in front of the latter in suitable
position to receive the other set of folding sheets as they are delivered from the
other end of the folding cylinders, in the same way as already described for the
first set. The sheets folded by this second set of devices are delivered down
between a set of tape pulleys directly below, over which two sets of tapes are
passed, extending toward the rear of the machine and running over tape pulleys
or rollers arranged below the front roller of the folding rollers. The folded
sheets are carried by these tapes towards the rear of the machine under the set of
folding rollers first described, where they are turned downward by suitable curved
guides, and are delivered side by side with the folded sheets delivered from the
rollers, the carrying tapes being timed to accomplish this purpose. In order to
regulate the tapes so as to accomplish this result, I place a roller across the central
portion of the tapes and make it adjustable vertically, so that if the folded sheets

page_text: are delivered a little too quickly they may be regulated by bringing the roller
against the tapes, thereby making a bend in the path of the sheets and increasing
their travel sufficiently to effect their delivery at the proper moment to correspond
with the sheets delivered from the other side of the folding rollers. This roller
may be placed in either the upper or the lower tapes. The arm of the second
creaser is attached to the rock-shaft, so that it is operated by the same excentric as
the first creaser with the same results, and the movements of the two creasers are
simultaneous. One of each set of the folding rollers is provided at its front end
with a bevelled pinion, by means of which the rollers are driven through shafts
provided with suitable bevelled pinions, and driven from the main gear-wheel on
the main driving shaft. The packer is connected to a slide bar underneath the
receiving trough, to the front end of which is connected the lower end of an arm
mounted at its upper end on a stud. A short arm is also mounted on the same
stud and connected to the first arm or cast therewith. An excentric is fixed on
the main shaft, the strap of which is connected by an excentric rod to the short
arm, thereby communicating the necessary reciprocating motion to the sliding bar
and packer. The cutting and folding cylinders are driven from the main shaft by
means of mitre gearing, the rollers being carried together at the rear end of the
machine, from which gearing the rollers at the rear side of the machine are also
driven.
I provide a device for instantly stopping the machine when the belt is shifted.
The main driving pulley is fixed to the main driving shaft, and the usual loose
pulley is arranged by its side in the usual manner with the customary devices for
shifting the band. A brake-shoe is provided for the driving pulley mounted on the
upper end of an arm pivoted at its lower end to a suitable support on the floor or
elsewhere. On a reciprocating rod to which the band shifter is attached is an
inclined or wedge-shaped cam, arranged just in the rear of and with its cam-face
against the brake-shoe, the relation of the parts being such that when the belt is
shifted from the driving to the loose pulley, the brake will be set up against the
former and instantly stop the machine, and will be released when the band is
shifted back. The shifting rod is operated by a rock-shaft at the front side of the
machine provided with hand levers.
In the description above I have explained the operation of the machine in
connection with two separate webs mounted in rolls on the same spindle, but if
desired a single roll with a single wide web for the entire machine may be
employed, in which case however it will be necessary to bring the cutter into
operation for the purpose of dividing the web centrally. Or in case the sheets
are to be folded singly, and but one turner used, as described above, they may be
separated by a cutter, arranged and operating substantially as described above.
Obviously by increasing the width of the machine and duplicating the necessary
devices more than two webs may be turned and associated after printing before
cutting and falling, as described above, and the different webs may even bo
brought together from different printing machines if desired.
The following modifications of the sheet-turning devices may be used, that is to
say, the sheet turners may be set at any angle to each other with their rear ends
inclined inwards, the latter being in a plane lower than the former. The web
No. 1, is turned over and under the first turner, which will carry it sidewise
forward, thence over a roller set at right angles to the printing cylinders, thence
towards the rear side of the machine to another roller where it meets the web
No. 2, which in the mean time has been turned under and over the second turner,
whence it is carried sidewise inward to the second roller, where it is associated
with web No. 1, and the two together passing over this latter roller are carried on
to the cutting cylinders below. Another modification may be employed similar to
the preceding, except that the web No. 2 is turned under the second turner instead
of over it, and is carried thence to a third roller instead of to the other roller, and
the webs are associated after they pass the roller.
The turners may be arranged vertically. The webs Numbers 1 and 2 pass between

page_text: the rollers before reaching the turners which held them in proper position. The web
No. 1 passes around the outside of the first turner, and the web No. 2 around the
outside of the second turner, and after passing the turners both webs are carried
directly to the cutting cylinders where they are associated. In this modification
the cutting cylinders must also be set in a vertical position. A modification varying
slightly from the preceding may also be used. The turners are set close together
and the two webs pass between them, being thus turned and associated at the
same time, and passing thence directly to the cutting cylinders. In this modifi-
cation however the turners and cutting cylinders must be set slightly inclined
towards the front end of the machine, for the turners are located at the inner
margins of the webs, and therefore in twisting the sheets there will be a slight
change in their relations as they pass from the turners; while in the former case,
the turners being located centrally of their respective webs, the latter will be
turned, so that as they leave the turners they will move in planes perpendicular to
their former paths. In using any of these modifications it will be necessary to
change correspondingly the position of the parts operating in connection with the
cutting cylinders. The web turners first described may be mounted in a frame, in
such a way as to be adjusted with reference to each other to suit webs of
different width. This may be accomplished by a variety of devices not requiring
description.
In a modification of the cutting and folding cylinders the first cylinder is the
same, as already described, but the second cylinder has no creaser and is provided
with a second set of spring grippers, and the third cylinder is provided with a
creasing blade and a set of ordinary transferring grippers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th February 1882.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND
PAPER FOLDING AND PASTING MACHINERY.". A communication from abroad by
Walter Scott, of Plainfield, New Jersey, United States of America.
This Invention relates to improvements in web printing machines with a folding
attachment, the object of the said Invention being to print from two rolls on the
same press, and then associate the two printed webs so that they may be folded
together or to print from a single roll, the web being divided longitudinally, and
the two parts being associated before delivery to the folding mechanism.
The said Invention is illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, in which
Figures 1, 1º, and 1b, when taken together represent a front side elevation of a
machine embodying my improvements, Figure 1 showing the front portion,
Figure 1ª the central portion, and Figure 1b the rear portion of the said machine.
Figures 2 and 2ª represent a rear side elevation of the said machine, the rolls
of paper and their supports being removed.
Figure 3 is a rear end elevation of the machine, the outside gearing being
removed.
Figure 4 is a reduced longitudinal vertical section of the rear portion of the
machine on the line x, x, Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a plan or top view of the shifting and brake mechanism for stopping
and starting the machine, and
Figure 6 is a side elevation of the same.
Figure 7 is a plan, partly in section of the sheet-turning device.
Figure 8 is a detached view of the sheet-turner as constructed when it is
stationary.
Figure 9 is a similar view of the sheet-turner in the form of a roller.
Figure 10 is a plan partly in section, shewing the method of mounting the roller
in detail.
Figure 11 is a plan, is a modification of the sheet-turning mechanism, and
Figure 12 is an end elevation of the same.
Figure 13 is a side elevation, showing a second modification in the sheet-turning
mechanism, and
Figure 14 is an end elevation of the same.
Figure 15 is a plan or top view of a third modification of the sheet-turning
mechanism, and
Figure 16. is a side elevation of the same.
Figure 17 is a plan or top view of a fourth modification of the sheet-turning
mechanism, and
Figure 18 is a side elevation of the same.
Figure 19 is a transverse section of cutting and folding cylinders, and shows a
modification in the construction of these devices hereinafter described.
A represents the main frame, which is of any suitable construction, to receive
and support the entire mechanism for printing, associating, and folding the sheets,
all of the devices being mounted in or on this frame.
At the front end of the machine are two standards a in suitable bearings, upon
which is supported a spindle b whereon the rolls of paper B are mounted. There
is but a single spindle, but it is made of sufficient length to accommodate two rolls
of paper whenever it is desired to print two webs at the same time, both rolls

page_text: being mounted on the same spindle. The said spindle is provided at one end with
a disc b¹ which is embraced by friction-clamps 63, provided with a tightening screw
whereby the friction may be regulated.
It is desirable to provide for the adjustment of the paper roll or rolls lengthwise,
to bring the web or webs into proper position on the printing cylinders. To
accomplish this a collar bs is attached to the spindle outside of one of its end
bearings, the said collar having a circumferential groove. A lever C is jointed at
one end to the standard a just in front of the said collar, the connection being
made by a gimbal-joint so that the lever may be vibrated both vertically and
horizontally. The said lever is provided on its underside with two pins c, o¹, the
first of which is arranged to fit in the groove of the collar, whilst the outer one
drops into a similar groove in a nut at C¹, on a threaded pin attached to the
standard just at the rear of the spindle. The turning of this nut will vibrate the
outer end of the lever horizontally, thereby giving an endwise adjustment to
the spindle carrying the paper. The lever is free to be swung to permit the
removal of the spindle whenever it is desired to change rolls. It will thus be
seen that whether one or more rolls of paper are employed all are mounted on and
carried by a single spindle, and are controlled by a single friction device and
adjusted by the same mechanism.
An ink distributing cylinder D is mounted in the front end of the frame and is
supplied from the ink fountain d below in the usual manner, being provided
with distributing rollers, which are shewn in the Drawings at this end of the
machine.
The plate cylinder E is of ordinary construction, and is provided with suitable
clamps for fastening the printing plates thereto.
The impression cylinder E' is arranged to run in connection with this plate-
cylinder, and is provided at its ends with bearing flanges of such width as to run
constantly in contact so as to preserve the surface of the two cylinders, which
sometimes is varied by the wearing of the bearings, thereby causing an unequal
wear of the edges of the printing plates.
Supporting rollers D' are mounted in upright standards, being arranged nearly
over the cylinders D and E, and to the back of the standards of the inner roller a
friction bar e is attached, the surface of which is convex. A drop roller e¹ is
mounted in the usual vibrating frame which is also pivoted to the same standards,
the said roller being arranged to drop upon the impression cylinder E¹.
A series of carrying tapes F are arranged beneath the impression cylinder E¹;
these tapes are mounted on ordinary rollers f, and run in contact with the said
impression cylinder. At the rear of the latter is the second impression cylinder F¹
which is of much larger size than the cylinder E', and is provided with the usual
blanket and tympan sheet. The front end of the blanket is attached to the
cylinder by means of the rod f¹ passing through loops in the end of the said
blanket; to facilitate the insertion of this rod it is provided with a jointed end,
secured by a screw throad so that it may be readily transferred from one rod to
another. In other respects the attachment of the blankets is effected in the
ordinary manner. A second plate-cylinder G is arranged in proper relation to the
cylinder F, and is similar in construction to the cylinder E; these two
cylinders F¹ and G being provided with end flanges like the cylinders E and E¹, if
desired.
A series of tapes G¹ are arranged to run in contact with the upper portion of the
cylinder F¹, the said tapes being carried by ordinary tape rollers g, as shown in the
Drawings.
The second ink distributing cylinder H is of the usual construction, and in
connection therewith are shown ordinary reciprocating ink distributing rollers H¹
arranged to run in contact with the said cylinder. These rollers H₁are reciprocated
in the usual manner, and are secured in open bearings which are provided at one
end with spring pins h. The spring on these pins is bent to form a shoulder by
means of which they are held in place. The said spring is also narrower than the

page_text: pin, and the upper portion of the slot through which the said pin passes is
narrower than the lower portion so as to admit the spring only, and the upward
pressure of the journals will therefore be prevented from coming on the spring and
depressing it, which would permit the pin to slip from its place and make the
fastening insecure.
The form-inking rollers H2 are mounted in bearings h¹ which are fitted in
yokes 2, wherein they are adjustable vertically by means of screws h. The
journals of the form rollers are extended at one end so as to be of about the same
length as the distributing rollers, and the bearings at this end of the rollers are so
made that the extended journals may slide back and forth therein, to permit the
rollers to be removed when lifted from the bearings at their opposite ends.
By this construction the form-rollers are adapted for use as distributing rollers,
so that after they are worn and thereby rendered unfit for further use as form
rollers they may still be utilized as distributing rollers.
The ductor-roller I has its bearings in vibrating arms i, which are adjustable
vertically in guide slots in the said arms by means of suitable screws. These arms i
are attached to a rock shaft I', around which is wound a spiral spring that serves
to hold the roller away from the distributing cylinder and in contact with the
fountain roller. An arm is placed loosely on this rock-shaft at the rear side of
the machine, and a second arm is here fastened to the said rock-shaft and
extended below it, being provided at its lower end with a transverse slot. The
aforesaid loose arm is fastened to the arm i³ by a screw which enters a slot in
the latter; by means of this slot and screw the loose arm may be adjusted on the
rock shaft. The loose arm carries at its upper end a pin, against which a cam i
also attached to the shaft of the fountain-roller is arranged to bear; this cam is of
such form as to vibrate the ductor-roller at suitable intervals to transfer ink from
the fountain-roller to the distributing cylinder, as shewn in Figure 2 of the
Drawings. The cams which move the fountain and ductor rollers are both arranged
upon the same shaft, so that both rollers are vibrated by the rotation of a single
shaft which is driven by gearing from the ink distributing cylinder.
The ductor I² is mounted on the ink fountain by means of suitable slots and
screws, which provide for its adjustment to and from the fountain roller, and this
adjustment is effected by means of differential screws, whereby a very nice
adjustment of the ductor is obtained.
A complete inking apparatus is shown in the Drawings at one end of the
press only, but the ink distributing cylinder at the front end of the machine is
also provided with devices similar to those above described.
A cutter dis arranged above the second roller D¹ in position to divide the
web lengthwise when the printing is effected upon paper proceeding from one
roll only, or if desired the cutter may be used to divide all of the webs. This
cutter is of ordinary construction, and therefore requires no further description
here. The web or webs pass through the first and second printing cylinders,
thereby receiving the first and second impressions in the usual manner. After
receiving the second impression the webs pass beneath the roller d³, and thence
rearward to turning devices, which I will now proceed to describe. The sheet-
turners J, J¹, are arranged diagonally to the path of the webs at about an angle of
forty five degrees, the first turner J extending entirely across the machine, and
the second turner J some distance in the rear of the former, and extending across
only a portion of the machine at the front side thereof, the distance between
the said turners taken in the direction of the path of the web being equal to the
width of one of the webs which is to be turned.
I have shown in the Drawings two constructions of sheet-turner. The first one J
is a stiff bar, such as has been used for a similar purpose in other machines, the
second one J' is a roller mounted in suitable bearings j, which are provided with a
friction or tightening device j¹, by means of which the ends of the turner are
clamped so as to permit a slight movement of the roller from time to time, to
occasionally present a new surface to the paper.

page_text: A pasting blade K is arranged just in front of the first sheet-turner, and extends
only over the web at the rear side of the machine. This blade takes paste from a
roller K' which is supplied from a fountain k. The pasting roller is regularly
driven by suitable gearing, and the pasting blade is driven by excentric gear-
wheels k, s, the first of which is on the same shaft as the blade, while the second
is mounted on a suitable stud, and is driven by a gear-wheel 3 on the shaft of one
of the inking cylinders, which wheel engages with a regular gear-wheel k on the
same stud shaft as the excentric k³. This train of gearing is so arranged as to give
a quick movement to the pasting blade as it is brought down in contact with the
web, and a slow movement during the remainder of its rotation, so as to prevent
the throwing off of the paste from the blade by centrifugal force.
Now if two rolls of paper are used and the two webs are run through the press
side by side, obviously the web at the rear side of the machine will be operated
upon, first by the first sheet-turner J which turns this web at right angles to its
former line of travel, as shown in Figure 7 of the Drawings. This web is then
carried out at the rear side of the machine over the roller L set at right angles to
the printing cylinders, and passes thence back under the turners to a pair of
rollers L, L, near the rear side of the machine and below the turners, as shown in
dotted lines in Figure 3 of the Drawings. In the meantime the other web on the
front side of the machine has been turned in the same way by the sheet turner J,
the underside of which is set slightly lower than the underside of the turner J,
thereby carrying the second web a little below the first web after it is turned. As
will be seen in Figure 7 of the Drawings, 'this web will be carried out towards
the rear side of the machine directly underneath the first web, and then carried
over the upper roller L¹ of the pair just mentioned. A set of tapes / may be
arranged on this roller L', and a tape-roller or pulleys ' set near the centre of the
machine for the purpose of leading the ends of the web through after being turned.
The front side of the web is carried out and around the roller L', where it meets
the first web, and the two webs being joined pass through between the rollers L², L³,
the extra travel of the first web being just sufficient to bring the two together in
proper position when associated. In order to secure this result with certainty the
roller Lis made adjustable back and forth in its bearings. In the Drawings I have
shewn an ordinary adjusting screw for this purpose, but any device may be
employed to effect this adjustment. The roller L is also provided with a longi-
tudinal grooves, shewn in Figure 2 of the Drawings; and the revolution of this
roller is regulated so that the line of paste previously laid on the back web will
always be brought over this groove as the web passes over the roller, thereby
proventing the paste from coming in contact with the surface of the roller. In
order to strengthen the roller and preserve the regular tension upon the web as it
passes around the roller L, short sections are left in the groove entire, and
similar spaces are cut out of the edge of the pasting blade, so that no paste will be
spread on those parts of the web corresponding to the sections. The two webs
after being associated, as above described, are carried downward and inward from
the rollers L1, L2, as shown in Figure 3 of the Drawings, to cutting and folding
cylinders M, M³, M³, arranged at right angles to the printing cylinders, as shown in
the said Figure.
The cylinder M is provided with a cutter m and a folding blade m² arranged on
the sides of the cylinder opposite to each other. These cutting and folding blades
are fastened in bars m² which are fitted in suitable longitudinal grooves in the
cylinder, from which they may be removed when desired. Other grooves m³ are
made in the cylinder for the purpose of adapting the latter to folding half-sheets
whenever desired. The cylinder M¹ is arranged higher in the frame than the
cylinder M, and is provided with four longitudinal channels arranged at a distance
of about a quarter of the circumference from each other. In one of these channels
is a bar containing an ordinary cutting groove m* adapted to receive the cutting-
blade in the cylinder M. In the channel on the opposite side of the cylinder is a
bar which carries spring grippers m³ fixed on a-rock shaft in the bar, which is

page_text: acted upon by a coiled spring to hold the grippers up against the side of the groove
in which they are arranged. In the channel between the grippers and the cutting
groove an ordinary folding blade me is mounted. The cylinder M² is arranged at
the rear of and below the cylinder M¹, and is provided with two channels on
opposite sides; in one of these channels a bar is fixed provided with spring
grippers m7, similar to those in the cylinder M. When half sheets are folded,
these grippers m7 are removed and ordinary transferring grippers are arranged in
both of the channels in this cylinder.
The three cutting and folding cylinders are of the same size, and are geared to
run at the same speed, and are made of a length twice the width of one of the
webs of paper for a purpose which will be presently explained. The associated
webs are acted upon as one by these three cylinders, the sheets being severed, and
receiving two parallel folds by the action of the cutting and folding blades and
grippers which will be readily understood.
Obviously in this operation upon the associated webs the action will be at one
end only of the cylinders, in this instance the rear end, as shewn in Figure 2 of
the Drawings, to which the associated webs are delivered, though this order may
be reversed. The twice folded sheets as they are delivered from the cylinders are
received by suitable tapes m³, m³, by which they are carried upward and outward
towards the front side of the machine over a pair of ordinary folding rollers N set
at right angles to the preceding cutting and folding cylinders (as shown in Figure 4
of the Drawings), and under an ordinary vibrating creaser N' arranged to operate
in conjunction with these folding rollers. As the folded sheets are delivered to
this folding mechanism they are creased into the bite of the rollers N in the
ordinary manner, thereby receiving a third fold at right angles to the first two,
and are delivered downward into a receiving trough n in front of a reciprocating
packer n', by means of which they are delivered properly folded at the rear end
of the machine.
I will now proceed to describe an improvement in the mechanism for operating
the vibrating creaser.
The main driving shaft O is located near the centre of the machine, and is
arranged to make one revolution for every sheet of printing. The main driving
gear-wheel o is fixed on this shaft at the front side of the machine, and just outside
of it is an excentric gear-wheel O¹ also mounted on the same shaft, which wheel
engages with a similar excentric gear-wheel Os mounted on a stud shaft at the
front side of the machine, as shown in Figure 1 of the Drawings. Inside of this
last excentric gear-wheel and connected to it is an ordinary excentric o', around
which is arranged the usual strap, which is connected by a rod o³ to an arm p
attached to a rock shaft P on the frame above the excentric. This rock shaft is
also provided with another arm p² outside of the former, which arm is connected
by a rod P¹ to a crank arm n² on the rock shaft n³, to which the arm that carries
the creaser N¹ is attached. The two excentric gear-wheels 01, 0%, and the
excentric o¹ are so arranged relatively to each other that the creaser N₁ will have
its quickest motion at the lower part of its descent when it has operated upon the
sheet, thereby producing a quick movement just as the creaser enters the bite of
the folding rolls and is withdrawn therefrom, while during the rest of its movement
it will have a comparatively slow motion.
The mechanism constructed and operated as above described will produce a
paper of eight pages pasted and folded three times. If it is desired to prepare
supplements, or a paper of four pages instead of eight, it is only necessary to make
the following changes:-In the first place both webs are led over and turned by
the one sheet-turner J, which obviously will simply turn the webs without bringing
them one over the other. Thence the turned webs travelling side by side are
carried to the rear side of the machine over the same roller L, which is made of a
sufficient length to accommodate both webs, and thence directly to the cutting
and folding cylinders, which operate upon the sheets as they pass through side by
side, in the same manner as that previously described. Evidently however as two

page_text: folded sheets will now be delivered from the cylinders one in front of the other,
(speaking with reference to the machine), it is necessary to provide a second set of
devices for making the third fold in the sheets. This mechanism is shown in
Figure 4 of the Drawings, in which another set of folding rollers N³ and a
5 vibrating creaser N are provided, constructed and operated precisely like the
rollers N and the creaser Ñ¹ above described and arranged in front of the latter
in a suitable position to receive the other set of folding sheets as they are
delivered from the other end of the folding cylinders, in the same manner as that
already described for the first set. The sheets folded by this second set of devices
are delivered down between a set of tape pulleys Q directly below, over which
two sets of tapes 9, 9', are passed, extending toward the rear of the machine, and
running over tape pulleys or rollers Q' arranged below the front roller of the
folding rollers N, as shown in Figure 4 of the Drawings. The folded sheets are
carried by these tapes towards the rear of the machine under the set of folding
5 rollers first described, where they are turned downward by suitable curved
guides Q and are delivered side by side with the folded sheets delivered from the
rollers N, the carrying tapes being timed to accomplish this object. In order to
regulate the tapes so as to accomplish this result I place a roller q² across the central
portion of the tapes and make it adjustable vertically, so that if the folded sheets
are delivered a little too quickly they may be regulated by bringing the roller
against the tapes, thereby making a bend in the path of the sheets, and increasing
their travel sufficiently to effect their delivery at the proper moment to correspond
with the sheets delivered from the other side of the folding rollers. This roller
may be placed in either the upper or the lower tapes. In the Drawings I have
shown it placed in the upper set as being more convenient. The arm of the
second creaser N³ is attached to the rock shaft P, so that it is operated by the
same excentric as the creaser N' with the same results, and the movements of
the two creasers are simultaneous. One of each set of the folding rollers N, N³,
is provided at its front end with a bevelled pinion, by means of which the rollers
are driven through shafts n³, ns, provided with suitable bevelled pinions, and
driven from the main-gear wheel on the main driving shaft. The packer n' is
connected to a slide bar p² beneath the receiving trough. To the front end of
this bar is connected the lower end of an arm p³ mounted at its upper end on a
stud. A short arm p is also mounted on the same stud, and connected to the
arm p³ or cast therewith. An excentric P³ is fixed on the main shaft. The strap
of this excentric is connected by the excentric rod 25 to the arm pt, thereby com-
municating the necessary reciprocating motion to the sliding bar and packer.
cutting and folding cylinders are driven from the main shaft by means of mitre or
bevel gearing, as shewn in Figures 2, 2ª, and 4 of the Drawings, the rollers being
geared together at the rear end of the machine, as also therein shown. From this
gearing the rollers at the rear side of the machine are also driven as shown in
Figure 2 of the Drawings.
The
In Figures 5 and 6 of the Drawings, I have shewn a device for instantly stopping
the machine when the belt is shifted. The main driving pulley R¹ is fixed to the
main driving shaft O, and the usual loose pulley R³ is arranged by its side in the
ordinary manner with the customary devices for shifting the band. A brake
shoe is provided for the driving pulley and mounted on the upper end of an
arm pivoted at its lower end to a suitable support ³ on the floor or elsewhere.
On the reciprocating rod S, to which the band shifter is attached, is an inclined or
wedge shaped cam s arranged just at the rear of and with its cam face against the
brake shoe, the relation of the parts being such that when the belt is shifted from
the driving pulley to the loose pulley, the brake will be set up against the former
and instantly stop the machine, and will be released when the band is shifted back.
The shifting rod S is operated by a rock shaft S₁ at the front side of the machine,
and provided with hand levers, as shown in Figures 1a and 1b of the Drawings.
In the above description I have explained the operation of the machine in con-
nection with two separate webs mounted in rolls on the same spindle, but if desired

page_text: a single roll with a single wide web for the entire machine may be employed in which
case however it will be necessary to bring the cutter d into operation for the
purpose of dividing the web centrally, or in case the sheets are to be folded singly
and but one turner used, as above described, they may be separated by a cutter
arranged and operating substantially as above described, obviously by increasing
the width of the machine and duplicating the necessary devices; more than two
webs may be turned and associated after printing before cutting and folding, as
above described, and the different webs may even be brought together from
different printing machines if desired.
The gearing and other stationary devices nécessary in the construction of my
machine, which are not described above, will be readily understood by reference to
the several figures of the Drawing.
I will now proceed to describe the modifications of the sheet-turning devices,
illustrated in Figures 11 to 18 of the Drawings. The web at the rear side of the
machine is designated 1 and that at the front side 2. In Figures 11 and 12 the
sheet-turners T and T are set at an angle to each other with their rear ends
inclined inwards, the latter being in a plane lower than the former. The web 1 is
turned over and under the turner T which will carry it sidewise forward, thence
over a roller t set at right angles to the printing cylinders, thence towards the rear
side of the machine to another roller t where it meets the web 2, which in the
mean time has been turned under and over the turner T¹, whence it is carried
sidewise inward to the roller t', where it is associated with web 1, and the two
together passing over this latter roller are carried on to the cutting cylinders below.
In Figures 13 and 14 the arrangement is similar to the preceding one, with the
exception that the web 2 is turned under the second turner T' instead of over it,
and is carried thence to a third roller 2 instead of the roller t¹, and the webs are
associated after they pass the roller t, as shown.
In Figures 15 and 16 the turners U, U, are arranged vertically; the webs 1 and 2
pass between the rollers u, u¹, before reaching the turners which hold them in proper
position. The web 1 passes around the outside of the turner U, and the web 2
around the outside of the turner U', and after passing the turners both webs are
carried directly to the cutting cylinders where they are associated. In this
modification the cutting cylinders must also be set in a vertical position. In
Figures 17 and 18 an arrangement is shown which varies but slightly from the
preceding. The turners are however set close together and the two webs pass
between them, being thus turned and associated at the same time, and pass thence
directly to the cutting cylinders. In this modification, however, the turners and
cutting cylinders must be set slightly inclined towards the front end of the machine,
as the turners are located at the inner margins of the webs, and therefore in
twisting the sheets there will be a slight change in their relations as they pass from
the said turners, while in the former case the turners being located centrally of
their respective webs, the latter will be so turned that as they leave the turners
they will move in planes perpendicular to their former paths. In using any of
these modifications it will be necessary to change correspondingly the position
of the parts operating in connection with the cutting cylinders. The web turners
just described and shewn in Figure 7 of the Drawings may be mounted in a frame
in such a manner as to be adjusted with reference to each other to suit webs of
different width. This may be accomplished by a variety of devices not requiring
description.
•
In Figure 19 of the Drawings I have shown a modification in the construction
of the set of cutting and folding cylinders which will be readily understood from
an inspection of the Drawings.
In this modification the first cylinder M is the same as that already described,
but the second cylinder M' has no creaser but is provided with a second set of
spring grippers m7, and the third cylinder M² is provided with a creasing blade m³
and a set of ordinary transferring grippers m³.
In the operation of these cylinders the sheet is cut and first creased into the

page_text: second cylinder, and is then taken on to the third cylinder by the transferring
grippers, from which it is créased again in to the second cylinder to make the
second fold by means of the creaser on the third cylinder M³, and is taken from the
second cylinder by strippers or any other suitable devices, the grippers releasing
the sheets at the proper time. The adjustable cutter and creaser m³ and grippers m³
are brought into use for half sheets only.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it under-.
stood that I claim,-
First. In a printing and folding machine two or more separate rolls of paper
mounted on a single spindle in combination with a single friction device for
controlling the movement of the said spindle, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
Second. In a web-perfecting printing press two independent webs or one web
split longitudinally in combination with two separate and independent turners
arranged to operate on each web independently of each other to bring one web over
the other, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Third. In a web-perfecting printing press two or more independent webs or one
web split longitudinally in combination with two or more independent turners
operating on each web separately to bring the webs over each other, and mechanism
arranged to increase the distance travelled by one or more of the webs after leaving
the turners to bring the sheets in their proper position when associated in one
signature, substantially as described.
Fourth. In a web-perfecting printing press two or more web-turners constructed
and arranged to turn the web at full width by a single turner, or to turn several
webs or parts of a web to bring them over each other by the several turners,
substantially as described.
Fifth. In a web printing press one or more web-turners in combination with
cutting and folding cylinders arranged at right angles to the printing cylinders,
substantially as described.
Sixth. In a web printing press the two independent webs in combination with
the web-turners J, J, and the carrying tapes i to guide the webs after turning,
substantially as described.
Seventh. The two independent webs in combination with the turners J, J', and
the rollers L, L', L', whereby the webs are turned, superimposed, and associated at
their proper margins previous to being cut, substantially as described.
Eighth. In a machine for printing and folding two or more webs of paper, the
independent web-turners J, J, in combination with the rollers L, L, L, and the
cutting and folding cylinders M, M¹³, M², arranged beneath the said turners,
substantially as described.
Ninth. In a web printing press the two independent webs in combination with
the independent turners J, J, and a pasting blade K, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
Tentb. The independent web-turners J, J¹, in combination with the pasting
blade K and the roller L provided with a longitudinal groove ³, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
Eleventh. The rotating pasting blade K in combination with the excentric gear-
wheels k¹, k³, by which the blade is driven, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
Twelfth. In a printing and folding machine the folding rollers N in combination
with the creaser N' and the excentric gear-wheels O¹, O², which operate the said
creaser, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Thirteenth. The two sets of folding rollers N and N2 in combination with the
creasers N¹ and N³, the excentric gear-wheels 01, 0%, and the mechanism con-
necting the said gear-wheels with the creasers, whereby the latter are operated
simultaneously but with a differential movement in eacli, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.

page_text: Fourteenth. The two separate folding devices arranged to operate on different
sheets in combination with a single receiver and packer into which the sheets from
both cylinders are delivered simultaneously, substantially as described.
Fifteenth. The folding rollers N, N*, in combination with the receiver N, the
packer n², the carrying tapes q, q, and the curved guides Q, substantially as 5-
described.
.
Sixteenth. A web-turner J¹ mounted in bearings in combination with a clamping
device, whereby the said turner is permitted to rotate slightly, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
Seventeenth. In a web-perfecting printing press arranged to print two or more 10.
webs at the same time, two or more independent web-turners in combination with
pasting, cutting and folding mechanism, mechanism for regulating the travel of the
sheets to associate them at their proper margins, and folding mechanism, whereby..
two or more webs may be printed, each turned separately, laid over. each other;
associated and pasted together, cut and folded as one signature, substantially as:
described.
15.
Eighteenth. In a printing and folding machine. adapted to print one or more
webs two or more web-turners in combination with folding mechanism constructed.
and arranged to operate either to turn, associate, cut, and fold the several webs
as one product, or to turn, cut, and fold each web separately, substantially as 20.
described.
Nineteenth. The web-turner J in combination with the web-turner J',.tlie under-
side of the latter being in a plane below the underside of the former, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
T
Twentieth. The driving pulley R¹ in combination with the brake 'shoe r and the -25
shifting rod S provided with a cams for setting the brake when the band is
shifted to the loose pulley, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Twenty first. In a web-perfecting printing press arranged to print two or more
webs at the same time two or more independent web-turners in combination with
mechanism to associate the turned sheets at their proper margins and a set of 30%
cutting and folding cylinders, three in number, whereby the associated sheets are
cut and folded twice in a parallel direction, substantially as described.
Twenty second. The web-turners in combination with mechanism for carrying
the sheets to one side of the machine and associating them at their proper margins
and the three cutting and folding cylinders arranged at right angles to the printing 35.
cylinders, substantially as described.
Twenty third. The web-turners in combination with the cylinder M provided
with a cutter and a creaser, the cylinder M' provided with a series of grippers and
a creaser, and the cylinder M² provided with a series of grippers, substantially as
described.
40
Twenty fourth. The sheet-turners in combination with the rollers L, L', L2, and
three parallel cutting and folding cylinders, the first provided with a creaser, the
second with two sets of folding grippers, and the third with a set of transferring
grippers and a creaser, whereby the webs are turned, properly associated at the
margins of the sheets, cut and folded twice by creasing from the first cylinder into 45
the second, then taken therefrom by the third and again creased back into the
second by the third, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
band and seal, this Ninth day of February, in the year of our Lord One'