Improvements in or connected with Atmospheric Gas Burners, particularly applicable for Incandescent Lighting.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Aug., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 15th May, 1896-Accepted, 4th July, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Atmospheric Gas Burners,
particularly applicable for Incandescent Lighting.
We, DAVID HANCOCK, Gas Engineer of 50 West Ham Lane, JOHN BELL
CRAIG, Candle Maker, of 3 Hotham Street, and ALFRED HEARN HANCOCK,
Scenic Artist, of 50 West Ham Lane, all of Stratford in the County of London
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of our invention is to so construct atmospheric gas burners particularly
applicable for incandescent lighting that they may be applied with equal facility to
either a vertical or wall gas bracket, or may be applied to a hanging or ceiling
fitting that is the burner may be supported from its lower part, or may be suspended
by its upper part all as hereafter described.
Atmospheric gas burners as usually constructed are applied to the ordinary
bracket that is the so-called wall bracket or to a hanging bracket and in each
case the supply of gas is derived from a pipe having an upward or vertical
inclination; this direction of supply is necessary as the supply of air which is
required in such burners as now constructed is derived from a source which must
be located below the point where the gas is ignited and the great disadvantage of
these atmospheric gas burners lies in the fact that a hanging or suspended burner
must have the supply pipe carried around and below the burner thus causing
obstruction to the rays of light.
Now according to our invention we employ an outer casing having holes in its
lower part for the admission of air into the open bottom of this casing; we screw or
otherwise secure a fitting having a central hole the lower end of which is enlarged
and screwed internally, to receive a screwed plug or to be applied to an ordinary
wall or vertical bracket. Around this centrally enlarged part we form holes to
communicate with an annular space hereafter more fully described. The upper
end of this fitting which is level or nearly so with the outer casing thus forms an
annular space between the outer casing and the central fitting and the upper end
of the tubular fitting is internally threaded to receive a screwed tube having a
collar at its lower end. Upon the top of the fitting we place a circular disc of
wire gauze or other like material having a central hole therein to allow the lower
screwed end of the tube before mentioned to pass through,, the disc being held in
position by the collar of the screwed tube and thus forming a covering to the
before-mentioned annular space. The upper or top end of the tube is either made
with a bayonet joint or may have a tapered screwed end to be attached to a
depending tube or pipe or to receive a cap or plug; upon this tube we arrange an
incandescent hood or mantle support which can be adjusted to any required height
by means of the tube being screw threaded and the support working thereon or by
other suitable meaus.
From the foregoing description it will be seen that when we wish to apply
our burners to the wall or vertical bracket we remove the screwed plug from
the internally screwed portion at the bottom of the burner and screw the
base of the burner on to the gas bracket. The gas would then travel through
the central tube and issue from the top, but we screw or otherwise secure a plug
or cap over or in the top of this tube thus preventing the gas from passing through
this way; the gas must now pass through the holes in the centrally enlarged part

page_text: of the base, and into the annular space, the said holes in the centrally enlarged
part being so situated that the gas passes up near the air admission holes in the
outer casing, drawing sufficient air which together with the gas passes up through
When it
the gauze disc where it is ignited and burns within the suspended hood.
is required to apply our burner to a suspending straight tube or gas connection, a
screwed plug or stopper is inserted into the bottom of the burner, the cap or plug
is removed from the top of the tube and the tube is secured to the hanging cou-
nection in the manner before mentioned; the gas in this case descends the tube
and enters the centrally enlarged part of the bottom from there it passes through
the holes which connect the same with the annular space and from thence feeds
the burner. Instead of employing a tube for supporting the hood carrier when the
burner is used for a wall or vertical bracket we may substitute solid support and
thus close the upper end of the central fitting.
Fittings may be provided to carry globes or shades as required, and a suitable
pilot or bye pass may be fitted to the burners as desired.
Dd this 16th day of A noust 1805
BREWER & SON,
London and Leeds, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Atmospheric Gas Burners,
particularly applicable for Incandescent Lighting.
We, DAVID HANCOCK, Gas Engineer, of 50 West Ham Lane, JOHN BELL
CRAIG, Candle Maker, of 3 Hotham Street, and ALFRED HEARN HANCOCK,
Scenic Artist, of 50 West Ham Lane, all of Stratford, in the County of London,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object of our invention is to so construct atmospheric gas burners particularly
applicable for incandescent gas lighting that they may be applied with equal
facility to either a vertical, or wall gas bracket, or may be applied to a hanging,
or ceiling fitting, that is the burner may be supported from its lower part, or may
be suspended by its upper part, all as hereafter described.
Atmospheric gas burners as now usually constructed are applied to the ordinary
bracket, that is the so-called wall bracket, or to a hanging bracket, but in each
case the supply of gas is derived from a pipe having an upward or vertical
inclination; this direction of gas supply is necessary as the supply of air which is
required in such burners as now constructed is derived from a source which must
be located below the point where the gas is ignited, and the great disadvantage of
these atmospheric gas burners lies in the fact that a hanging or suspended burner
must have the supply pipe carried around and below the burner, thus causing
obstruction to the rays of light.
In order that our invention may be readily understood we will now proceed to
describe same with reference to the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 being a vertical
section of an atmospheric burner constructed according to our invention. Fig. 2 is
a similar view of a like burner of somewhat varied design and Fig. 3 is an inverted
plan of same; Fig. 4 is a vertical section of another construction of the said
atmospheric burner, Fig. 5 being an elevation of the burner shown at Fig. 4, and
Figs. 6 and 7 are detail views hereafter referred to. Similar letters of reference
refer to like parts in the several figures of the drawings.
According to our invention we employ an outer casing A having holes B for the
admission of air into the bottom of this casing; into the said casing A we screw or
otherwise secure a fitting C having a central hole, the lower end of which is

page_text: enlarged to form a chamber D. At Fig. 1 the fitting C is screwed externally to
take into an external cap C¹, by which it is held in place, and the cap C is formed
with a hole screwed internally to receive a screwed plug E; at Fig. 2 the fitting C
takes into an internally screwed central space of the cap C', the space below the
fitting C forming the chamber D, while E is the screwed plug, and the air holes B
are formed through the cap C' as also shown at Fig. 3, which in this instance forms
the lower part of the casing A. At Fig. 4 the fitting C is externally screwed into
the case A in which latter the air apertures B are formed. The internally screwed
aperture occupied by the screwed stud E, is intended at times to be applied to an
ordinary wall or vertical bracket. Around this centrally enlarged part or chamber D
we form gas admittance holes at F, to communicate with an annular space G here-
after more fully described. The upper end of this fitting C receives a tube H, and
thus forms the annular space G between the outer casing A. and the said central
fitting or tube H. Upon the top of the casing A we place a circular disc or piece
of wire gauze or other like material J having a central hole therein to allow the
lower screwed end of the tube H before mentioned to pass through, the disc J
being held in position by a collar H¹ on the screwed tube H and thus forming a
covering to the before-mentioned annular space G. The upper or top end of the
tube is either made with a bayonet joint, or may be screwed say as shown to be
attached to a depending tube or pipe, such as K, Fig. 4, or to receive a cap or
plug K, Fig. 5. Upon the tube H we arrange an incandescent hood or mantle
support such as L which can be adjusted to any required height by means of the
screw thread upon the said tube H. L' is the mantle, or, as shown at Fig. 5, a
sleeve L of a proper length may be passed over the tube H and support the
mantle holder L, or the tube H (when the burner is to be supported from a wall
bracket such as M Fig. 5) may be removed and replaced by a stem such as H*,
Fig. 6, where instead of employing a length of tube for supporting the hood
carrier L, when the burner is used for a wall or vertical bracket M such as at
Fig. 5, we may substitute the solid support H2 and thus close the upper end of
the central fitting H*.
From the foregoing description it will be seen that when we wish to apply our
burners so as to be supported and receive the gas supply from below by a wall or
vertical bracket, we remove the screwed plug E from the internally screwed portion
at the bottom of the burner, and screw the base of the burner on to the
gus bracket.
We then screw or otherwise secure the plug or cap K¹, Fig. 5, over or in the top
of the tube H and thus prevent the gas from passing through this way; the gas
will now pass through the gas holes or apertures F in the top of the enlarged part or
chamber D, and into the annular space G, or mixing chamber, the said gas holes F
in the enlarged part or chamber D being so situated that the gas passes up near the
air admission holes B, drawing sufficient air, which together with the gas passes
through the gauze disc J where it is ignited and burns within the suspended hood L.
We frequently provide an upstanding flange or equivalent C, particularly shown
at Fig. 1, around the gas apertures F. When it is required to apply our burner
to a suspending straight tube or gas connection as for example is shown at Fig. 4,
the screwed plug or stopper E is inserted into the bottom of the burner, the cap or
plug Kis removed from the top of the tube H, and the said tube H is secured to
the hanging connection in the manner before mentioned; the gas in this case
descends the tube H and enters the chamber D at the bottom, from there it passes
through the holes F which connect the same with the annular space G, and from
thence feeds the burner.
With burners of the construction shown and described particularly with reference
to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, we are able to dispense with the use of a bye pass or pilot tube,
while at the same time we obtain equivalent results, with the advantage that when
the gas supply is nearly cut off, the gas is always mixed with air, whereas with the
bye pass or pilot tube as usually arranged, the supply of air is entirely cut off.
When the supply is thus nearly cut off in burners constructed according to our
invention, the inantle is not blackened or in any way damaged, as is the case

page_text: when gas not mixed with air is admitted by the bye-pass or pilot ti..
common.
as is now
With our burners as described there is no lighting back or firing back. The
mantles are brought much nearer the pressure of the gas, in fact down to almost
the point where the air enters the mixing chamber or burner.
The burners may be arranged to carry a flat, round, or any other shaped mantle,
that may be, capable of construction, and it is obvious that when burners con-
structed according to our invention are suspended, the screwed plug E is not
required, the chamber D being closed by the plug E being made in a piece therewith
as shown by sectional elevation of the chamber at Fig. 7.
Fittings may be provided to carry globes or shades as required, and further it
is obvious that by removing the mantle and stem, these burners can also be applied
for heating purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :
1. In atmospheric gas burners particularly applicable for incandescent lighting,
the combination of a tubular casing or mixing chamber having air entrance
apertures at the base thereof, a gas chamber arranged centrally at the base of the
said mixing chamber and formed with gas supply apertures in its upper part,
opening to the mixing chamber, a central tube extending upwards from the gas
chamber through and above the mixing chamber, a gauze or perforated top cover
for the mixing chamber, and means for supporting an incandescent mantle upon the
upstanding central tube, whereby the burner may be suspended and gas admitted
by the central tube substantially as set forth.
2. In atmospheric gas burners particularly applicable for incandescent lighting,
the mixing chamber G having air entrance apertures B at the base thereof, a
vertical tube H passing centrally therethrough to a gas chamber D fitted at the
base of the mixing chamber, and formed with gas apertures opening to the mixing
chamber, and an aperture or screwed hole in the lower part of the chamber D,
together with means for supporting an incandescent mantle around the tube H,
whereby the burner may be suspended from a pipe supplying gas by the vertical
tube H, while the lower screwed hole in chamber D is stopped or filled, or the
same burner may be supported from a pipe below, the latter being screwed into
the lower aperture of chamber D while the upper end of tube H is suitably stopped
substantially as set forth.
3. The construction and arrangement of atmospheric gas burner particularly
applicable for incandescent gas lighting substantially as described with reference
to Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings.
4. The arrangement and construction of atmospheric gas burner particularly
applicable for incandescent gas lighting, and substantially as described with
reference to Figs. 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
5. The general arrangement and combination of parts composing our improve
ments in atmospheric gas burners all constructed and acting substantially as and
for the purposes hereinbefore described, with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
PKIXY D
DEYO ANO
BREWER & SON,
London and Leeds, Agents for the Applicants.