Improvements Connected with Means and Apparatus for the Obtainment of Motive Power.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 28th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 16th Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements Connected with Means and Apparatus for the
Obtainment of Motive Power.
We, FREDERICK WILLIAM CLEVELAND, of 19 Hopton Road, Coventry Park,.
Streatham, Engineer, and LIONEL DOVE, of 88 Station Road, Forest Gate, Essex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the obtainment of motive power by aid of water & air
under pressure as hereafter described.
more.
A suitable water holder or chamber is provided capable of withstanding a prossure
of 100 lbs. to the square inch. To this chamber is fitted a tapered exit pipe for the
water the pipe being preferably carried down to near the bottom and the larger end formed
into two branches, which are turned round to form two hooks back to back, the object
of bending the tube in this way is to enable a certain quantity of mercury to be
retained in pipe to prevent the compressed air from passing off with the water when
the same is being withdrawn to work the engine or the turned round branches and
mercury may be dispensed with and the larger end of the pipe left free and straight.
This chamber is filled about three parts full of water and then charged with compressed
air to put a pressure upon the water of one hundred pounds to the square inch, or
The engine is preferably a double cylinder horizontal one worked with the
water, and preferably on the back side of the pistons only; each cylinder is fitted
with two slide valves, arranged at bottom of cylinder, one being for the admission of
the water, and the other for the exhaust. The water for working is brought to the
inlet slide valve box through the tapered tube; by use of the tapered tube an increased
pressure of water is given to the engine. The exhaust takes place into the large end
of a tapered tube connected to exhaust valve box the small end of the tube being
connected to or in the water chamber. By means of these tapered tubes a higher
pressure is brought to bear upon one of the pistons in its outstroke than is necessary
to force the exhaust water back to the water chamber by the other piston. The
exhaust valve box may be fitted with an air cushion to enable a spring pressure to be
applied towards returning the water. The exhaust may however take place into an
open tank and the water be drawn from it by pumps worked from the driving shaft,
of the engine the pumps being connected to the larger end of tapered tubes the
smaller end of the tubes being connected to or in the water chamber. The return
water tubes are fitted at their small end with a back acting valve.
Dated this 20th day of Anril 1889
FREDERIC PRINCE,
Agent for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements Connected with Means and Apparatus for the
Obtainment of Motive Power.
We, FREDERICK WILLIAM CLEVELAND, and LIONEL DOVE, both of Chadwell Heath,
Essex, England, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of our invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to the obtainment of motive power by the application of
tapered tubes for injecting water by a pressure of air acting on the water the latter
being used in a suitable hydraulic engine as hereafter explained.
To enable our invention to be properly understood we will proceed to explain the
same with aid of the accompanying drawings.

page_text: Figure 1. side sectional elevation of the essential features of the invention.
Figure 2. end view of back of cylinder at line a b fig. 1.
Figure 3. cross sectional view at line c d fig. 2.
Fig. 4. side elevation of engine complete.
Fig. 5. plan of figure 4.
Fig. 6 & 7 detached front and back views of exhaust slide valve.
A. is a water and air holder answering to a boiler of a steam engine. This water
holder is preferably set vertically and fitted with safety valve B and pressure guage C.
D is a curved tapered tube passing through side of water holder and having the
large end carried down and held near bottom of A and the small end fitted to a
water chest E connected to one end of a cylinder F within this water chest works
an inlet slide valve G. to control the inlet port H this valve is guided by guides J
and is held tight by the pressure of water. Under chest E is arranged the exhaust
chest K in which works an exhaust slide valve L to control the exhaust port M.
The mouth of both inlet and exhaust ports as well as the face of the valves for same
are fitted with suitable bearings I.
Connected to the outside of the exhaust chest is the larger end of a tapered tube N,
the smaller end of which passes into A, and is fitted with an outwardly acting
valve O, an outside tap S, enables the tube to be emptied of water at starting. P is
the valve to allow the water to enter chest E, and for shutting off the supply being
of the usual sluice valve construction.
It is preferred to use two slide valves for each cylinder one for the inlet and the
other for the exhaust these are worked by cross shafts QQ1 Q2 Q3 by bell crank
levers R. R R R³ from the driving shaft by connecting rods and eccentrics in
the usual way. The cylinders are preferred to be open in front as those of gas
engines.. It is advisable to use a heavier fly wheel than would be used for steam.
The principle and mode of obtaining motive power by this invention are as follows.
It is well demonstrated by injectors used in bydraulic machinery that water passed
into a tapered tube at the larger end will be injected through the small end by a less
pressure into water at a higher pressure and it is this principle, which forms the
foundation of this invention. The water holder A is first filled about three quarters
full of cold water, then a pressure of air about 100 lbs. to the square inch is
introduced by any known form of pump, this air forms a spring pressure upon the
water admitting a portion to be drawn off with but little varying the pressure. By
the water passing from A to the cylinder through the tapered tubes D from the
large end, a higher pressure will be obtained in the cylinder by the water passing
through the small end into cylinder than is in A, and by the exhaust taking place
into the large end of a second tapered tube, a less pressure than is contained in
water holder A, is sufficient to drive the exhaust water through the small end of N
into A, and thus keep up the quantity of water in A as well as the air pressure.
By using two or more cylinders and employing the water pressure only on one
side of the pistons, will enable the cylinders and pistons to act both as engines for
obtaining power and as pumps. The outrstroke for obtaining power, and the back
stroke as force pumps; which arrangement is rendered workable by the use of the
tapered tubes D and N, used as described, by which a higher pressure of water
will be obtained to force out the piston than is necessary to force back the water into
the water holder A, the surplus of power thus given being available for all purposes
for which power is required. Instead of using the pistons and cylinders in the
way described, the exhaust could take place into an open tank and the water be drawn
from it and forced back into A by using force pumps, worked by eccentrics from the
driving shaft the exit of the pumps taking place into the larger end of tapered tubes,
and the smaller end being carried into A, as described.
Prior to starting the engine the water in tube N is drawn off by cock S to give a
free exhaust for the first back stroke of piston. T air inlet valve to enable the water
in N to be drawn off.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention,
we declare that what we claim is.
1. The combination with a water holder A, and water, and an air pressure in A,
acting on the water and a suitable hydraulic engine for the utilization of the water,
of the tapered tubes D and N used as and for the purposes described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
2. The arrangement of apparatus and water with air pressure substantially as
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings for the obtainment of motive
power.
3. The improved form of hydraulic engine consisting of two or more single acting
cylinders with pistons and other usual parts having an inlet and exhaust slide valve
working at end of each cylinder independant of each other, substantially as described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated the noth dow of Contamhan 1000
F. W. CLEVELAND.
L. DOVE.