Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Water and other Liquids.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Dec., 1892-Accepted, 21st Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Water and other Liquids.
1, JOHN DOWN, of Market Buildings, St. Mary Street, Cardiff, in the County of
Glamorgan, Coffee Tavern Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention is for the purpose of providing means for the saving of gas or
other heating power, and for the more effective heating and boiling of water and
other liquids, than has hitherto been employed for this purpose in connection with
refreshment bars and counters, and for hotel and restaurant purposes.
My object is to provide a boiler heated by a gas burner, flow and return pipes
being led from this boiler at suitable positions in the side of the boiler to one or
more tanks of any required capacity. I employ preferably two tanks in addition to the
boiler, the feed water being led into the one farthest from the boiler, the height of
the water being regulated by a suitably formed ball-tap.
The cold or feed water supply is taken from any convenient water service. The
feed water passes into the second or intermediate tank by a communicating pipe
placed near the bottom of each vessel, and therefore flows easily from one tank to
the other. The water from the intermediate tank is also conveyed in the same
When the flame of gas or
manner through a pipe near the bottom into the boiler.
other heating power is applied to the bottom of the boiler, the hot water naturally
ascends and Hows into the intermediate tank through pipes placed near the top, or
as high up as is found most convenient. The water thus in the intermediate tank
becomes heated in consequence of the circulation of the hot water. A similar pipe
is also placed between the intermediate tank and the feed water tank near the top,
so that the feed water in this tank also becomes warm to a certain extent by means
of the hot water flowing back through these pipes.
Upon the top of this boiler, I fix a suitably formed urn or apparatus for boiling
coffee, tea or any similar liquid. This urn may have a projection on its lower part,
which dips into the steam or hot water, and thus utilizes the heat generated within
the boiler, a pipe being led from the lower portion of the projection and fitted with
a suitably formed tap for drawing off the hot coffee or its equivalent.
Upon the top of the intermediate and feed water tank, I place a shallow pan
divided into various compartments for the purpose of warming various vegetables,
or soup and the like. This pan may either be of a separate construction, or may be
formed in one with the tanks themselves, as may be preferred.
These tanks and boiler are described so far as being each a separate vessel, but I
can make a trough of sufficient length which can be divided off into various com-
partments, and with orifices in the partitions for the flow and return water, one of
the tanks being utilized as a boiler and another for the purpose of acting as a feed
water tank and to contain the ball-valve for regulating the supply.
An arrangement is applied for either the boiler or the tanks for the attachment
of a suitable thermometer, so that the heat in either can be seen at a glance.
The exterior of the boiler and tanks are each encased in a covering of some non-
conducting and fire-proof material, so as to prevent the radiation of heat, and also
the impossibility of a fire being communicated to the surrounding wood-work for
supporting the apparatus.
Dated this 5th day of March 1892.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Water and other Liquids.
I, JOHN DOWN of Market Buildings, St. Mary Street, Cardiff, in the County of
Glamorgan, Coffee Tavern Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for heating water and other
liquids, and is specially applicable to counter urns and boilers such as are used in
restaurants and public houses..
It consists of a novel combination of a gas heated boiler, heating coils, a series of
tanks and flow and return pipes.
In order that the invention and the means by which it is to be carried into
practical effect may be thoroughly understood, I will now describe it and them in
detail, referring in so doing to the accompanying figures which are to be taken as
part of this Specification and read therewith.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section along the line A-B.
Fig. 3 is a plan.
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan taken on the line C-D of Fig. 1.
e is an outer casing of suitable size and strength to contain the boiler, tanks and
How and return pipes, and to support the coffee or other boiler and cooking pans.
The sides are, preferably double, the intermediate space being filled with non-
conducting material. In any case they are jacketted against loss of heat.
is a water boiler; and f¹, its draw off cock. It is preferably open at the top
and is supported within the casing preferably at one end of the latter.
and h are
two preferably open tanks constituting the series above mentioned. Any number
may be employed but as many as there are are arranged in series with each other and
also with the boiler. As the boiler is fixed at one end of the casing, the remainder
of the space is occupied by the tanks.
¡ is a gas burner of any suitable type. It stands within the casing e centrally
under the boiler, but at some distance below it, because it is not intended that its
flame should play upon the boiler bottom.
jis the cold water supply pipe. It passes through the casing side and delivers
into the end tank. Its action is controlled by a float and cock k. The shutting
off position of the float provides for the water level being above the open pipe end
next described.
is a pipe the open end of which stands within the tank g at about three quarters
of the depth of the latter above its bottom. The pipe is led from that point down-
wards to nearly the bottom, out through the tank side horizontally in the direction
of the next tank, through its side, through it and out through the other side in
the direction of the boiler, twisted into one or more coils over the burner i, and led
back through the side of the tank to about the centre of the latter.
m is a second pipe. Its open end stands within the tank at about three
quarters of the depth of the latter above its bottom. The pipe is led from that
point downwards out through the tank side and coiled above the burner in the same
way as described with reference to the pipe 7. But from the coil it is led upwards
through the bottom of the boiler where it terminates.
.I prefer that the pipes be kept within the tanks as far as possible.
The junctions of the pipes with the tank sides are made tight in any suitable way,
and unions are inserted at convenient points to provide among other things for the
runs of pipe being disconnected so that they can be cleaned internally. The coils
above mentioned are arranged one above the other, the levels of the horizontal
portions of the pipes and m being adjusted accordingly. Consequently, the boiler
is shallower than the tanks.

page_text: 9
n is a pipe leading from the boiler into the next tank; and o, a pipe leading from
the said tank to the tank next in the series. These pipes provide for the water
flowing backwards through the tanks.
The receiving mouths of the pipes are, preferably, funnel shaped and held at the
same level.
The method of placing the tanks in series with each other and the boiler with
them which I have described is always, according to my invention, used, no matter
how many tanks there may be.
P, pare a series of pans for warming or cooking food, or for keeping it hot. They
stand upon the, or in the, tops of the tanks. I prefer that they should fit within the
open tops. Steam is supplied to them from the steam space in the boiler in any
convenient way, e.g., through a steam pipe p¹.
7 is an urn for coffee or other beverage. It fits on the top of the boiler and is
provided with a foot q' which dips down into the water in the latter.
As
An installation set up according to my invention works as follows. When the
water is turned on to the supply pipe j, all the tanks and the boiler are filled up to
the same level. The latter is decided by the shutting off position of the float.
soon as the water in the coils and the boiler becomes warm, the whole quantity
begins to circulate in the directions indicated by the arrows. Cold water in the
tanks flows down the pipes and m towards the coils. The hot water from one coil
flows into the boiler f, from there through the pipe n into the next tank, and from
that through the pipe o into the next tank, and so on through the whole series of
tanks. The hot water from the other coil flows back towards the next tank which
is the one next to the boiler, and from there through the pipe o into the next tank,
and so on. There are as many coils as there are tanks-less if the tanks be worked
in couples, and from them, the return deliveries are in order, first to the boiler,
second to the tank, next to the boiler, third to the tank, next but one to the boiler
and so on.
In addition to this, there is also the return from the boiler through all
the tanks.
Each tank may be fitted with a thermometer for the purpose of indicating the
temperature of its contents.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be perforined, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination of tanks arranged in series with a gas heated boiler as set
forth.
2. The combination of tanks arranged in series, a gas heated boiler, and pipes
adapted to convey water from the tanks respectively through the respective coil in
the heater and from there to the boiler and back to the tanks respectively, as set
forth.
3. The combination of tanks arranged in series, a gas heated boiler, and pipes
adapted to convey water from the tanks respectively through the respective coil in
the heater and from there to the boiler and back to the tanks respectively, and pipe
connections from the boiler through the series of tanks adapted to provide for a
second return current, as set forth.
4. The combination of tanks arranged in series, a gas heated boiler, and pipes
adapted to convey water from the tanks respectively through the respective coil in
the heater and from there to the boiler and back to the tanks respectively, pipe
connections from the boiler through the series of tanks adapted to provide for a
second return current whereby is produced a series of volumes of hot water
differentiated in respect of temperature according to their distance from the
heating coils with which is combined a series of vessels for boiling, cooking or
keeping warm, standing over the said boiler and tanks, and pipes from the boiler
for supplying steam to the said vessels or to such of them as may need it, as set
forth.

page_text: 5. The general arrangement of the tanks boiler and other vessels with their
connecting pipes and the external casing adapted to prevent the loss of heat as set
forth with respect to the respective function of each.
Dated this 2nd day of December 1892.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.