AN IMPROVED TYPE SETTING OR COMPOSING MACHINE to be as follows:-
Year: 1888

page_text: I, ERNST WENTSOHER of 5 Friesenstrasse, Berlin in the German Empire, School
Professor, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "AN IMPROVED TYPE
SETTING OR COMPOSING MACHINE to be as follows:-
"
My invention relates to a typo setting or composing machine in which the words of
the lines are also at the time of coinposition automatically spaced out.
The machine is driven by a motor whilst the operator presses down one after
another the keys of a keyboard arranged for both hands and corresponding to the
several types to be set; presses down at the end of each word, or it may be of a
syllable, a particular key whereupon a bell signal sounds; turns a crank once round
and then again proceeds with the type setting.
The machine is set in motion by the key pressure and a channel containing a
number of the types indicated by the pressed key caused to descend; a finger or
pusher passes through the descended channel and removes the type, carries it
downwards and delivers it to a type holder in which it remains until a second key is
pressed down, upon which a finger or pusher again passes through the downward
moving channel containing the types corresponding to the key pressed down and
removes the lowermost type from the channel; at the same time a finger or pusher
arranged lower down in the machine passes through the type holder in which the
previously mentioned type remains, and so removes this type to carry it a stage
further down and deliver it to a type holder still lower down in which it remains until
another key stroke is effected. The third key stroke now taking place the uppermost
finger or pusher removes a type from the channel lowered by the key stroke carries it
a stage lower down and delivers it to a type holder in which it remains until another
key stroke is made; at the same time the finger or pusher next lower down removes
the type withdrawn from the channel at the second key stroke, this type now being in
the third stage whilst a finger or pusher still lower down removes from its holder the
type withdrawn from the channel at the first key stroke and conducts it to the
collecting place where the word is formed. The fingers or pushers are arranged in
stages one above another so as communicate a steplike movement to the types. In

page_text: this way each type is forwarded along by stages in a controlled manner to a collecting
place being carried by means of fingers or pushers several times through short
horizontal and vertical distances in order to divide the aggregain horizontal and
vertical travel of the types from the type channels to their collecting place into
several short movements. If, upon each key stroke a type had to be removed from
its channel and conducted to the collecting place the corresponding finger or pusher
would have to travel a comparatively very long distance and therefore move too fast.
In the manner set forth several fingers or pushers may be situate in each stage and
by receiving and delivering up, the types conducted one after another to the collecting
place. The gutters in which the types are formed into words, that is, the collecting
place, are arranged in a rotary drum which upon the operator pressing after each
word a particular key is caused to move round the distance between two gutters.
Whilst the several types are being set the thickness of the same is counted and
indicated by a counting mechanism for which purpose it is necessary that they should
all be of certain know thicknesses, suy of 1-50 millimetres, 1-75 millimetres, 2 millimetres
and so on, this being so, when a type is taken, a toothed wheel may be moved a certain
number of its teeth corresponding to its thickness thus indicating how many type
thicknesses are wanting to make up the line or that it may be completed by spacing
pieces. This latter operation is rendered easy by reason of the types of each word
being in a separate gutter of the rotary drum so that after each word a spacing piece
may be inserted. As, in consequence of the indication of the thicknesses of the set
types, it is obvious what number of spacing pieces are to be inserted, the operator is
able so to distribute the spacing pieces that the distances between the words are not
noticeably different.
Dand that - 1000
CAPITAINE & VON HERTLING,
89, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the, Applicant.

page_text: I. ERNST WENTSCHER of Friesenstrasse, Berlin in the Germán Empire, School
Professor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
This invention has reference to type composing machines.
The type composing machines hitherto constructed are more or less imporfect in the
following respects :-
1. In the type delivery, which in the keyboard machines has hitherto probably been
wholly wanting in a controlled form, the types being driven to the place of composition
down inclined converging channels by the effect of gravity only and are subject to all
the accidents of such a want of control. It has been sought to remedy this
disadvantage by delivering, not the types to the place of composition, but this latter to
the types, but in this case the convenient and rational key board system has to be
given up.
2. In the spacing of the lines, which it has been earnestly sought to accomplish
automatically, amongst others by Lagermann but only imperfectly so, the lines being
only approximately of equal length and the distance between the words of a line
coming out too unequal. In this case also the width of the column is limited, and
short and substantially longer lines cannot be produced in the same machine.
3. In the utility of one and the same machine for different sizes of types, and
especially for the easy production of mixed printing.
These disadvantages are not present in the type composing machine of this invention.
The object of the invention is to provide a type composing machine in which the
separate words are, in the channels of a drum, composed from the types, and then the
words automatically set out by spacing pieces and formed into lines, so that every line
is always of the same length and of such length as is desired, as the proposed width of
column is, upon commencing to set the types, once adjusted and then automatically
adjusted at every fresh line. The same machine may be used for the three ordinary
kinds of type bodies (bourgeois, long primer, small pica) allowing with each body of
the simultaneous employment of three kinds of type characters (ordinary, fat, italic).
The invention consists:-(1) in an arrangement for the controlled delivery of the
separate types from the type cases to the place where they are composed into words,
and so that the types are carried by means of fingers or drivers several times
horizontally and vertically through short distances for the purpose of dividing the
aggregate horizontal and vertical movement of the types into several shorter
movements; (2) in a drum provided with channels in one of which the types of each
word are laid by the said controlled type delivery arrangement; (3) in an apparatus
which numerates the thicknesses of the composel types, mechanism introducing into

page_text: he drum channels, spacing pieces to the types of each word; and (4) in an arrange-
ment for the delivery at the proper place, by the turning of a crank, of the type
magazine furnished with different characters of type so that any desired kind out of
several may be composed, and at any desired part of the composition.
In the accompanying drawings in which similar numbers and letters of reference
indicate like parts throughout the several figures :-
Fig. 1 is a side view of the machine.
-
Fig. 2 a longitudinal vertical section thereof taken through line A-B of Fig. 3.
Fig. 3 a horizontal section thereof, the right hand part taken through line C-D,
and the left hand part through line E-F of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4, a cross section thereof with view towards the back.
Fig. 5, a cross section thereof with view towards the front. (Key end).
Figs. 6 and 7, are respectively sections to an enlarged scale of two fingers or
drivers and type holder of the top stage, and one finger or driver t and type
holder 6 of the middle stage.
Figs. 8 and 9, sections through slides 42, 43 and cross piece 44.
Fig. 10, section through drum shaft 63 with plan view of discs underneath drum.
Fig. 11, a view of the arrangement of slides as seen after the first half revolution of
the slide driving mechanism.
Fig. 12, a horizontal section through the channels over the drum with top view of
the drum and galley.
Fig. 13, (Sheet 1) a cross section through the keys 33 and rollers 279.
Fig. 14, a section through traverse 50 with view of type holder b.
Fig. 15, top view of a type holder b and the traverse 50.
Fig. 16 section through a type case descended by a key stroke and a finger or
driver t of the top stage, to an enlarged scale.
Figs. 17 and 18 respectively a left and right hand view of a type case 3 of the
magazine to an enlarged scale.
Fig. 19 a horizontal section through type cases 3 to an enlarged scale.
Figs. 20, 21, 22 and 23 respectively a perspective view to an enlarged scale of a
finger or driver of the top siage; of finger t (or 10); of finger 18 (or t) and of
finger t (or ).
Figs. 24 and 25 respectively shew parts-60-and-67-in-two-views-to-an-enlarged
scale.
Fig. 26 is a section to an enlarged scale through the drum and a channel 217 over
the same, taken through line G-H (Fig. 12).
Fig. 27 shews an arrangement to explain by an example the setting of a line.
The machine is composed of nine main parts, viz. :
1. The magazine with the type cases.
2. The mechanisms for displacing the type magazine to change the printing
characters during the composition.
3. The mechanism for delivering the types at the place of their composition into
words.
4. The ratchet drum which receives the types of each word in a separate
channel.
5. The arrangement for putting said drum into ratchet gear.
6. The arrangement for placing the words together into lines and the lines into
columns.
7. The numerating mechanism for numerating or counting the thicknesses of the
set types.
8. The mechanisins for the proper selection and mechanical insertion of each
spacing piece after each word with the exception of the last one of a line.
9. The driving mechanisms of the said parts.
Referring to these several parts in the same order :-
1. The type magazine (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 16, 17, 18, 19) consists of eight longitudinal
rails 1 bound together by two vertical end pieces 2 so as to form a frame in which
three divisions of type cases may be moved up and down.

page_text: These type cases which may be removed and exchanged according to the body of
the type to be used have the clear width of a type and serve for the reception of the
types lying flat one above another, one case for each separate character of type. They
cach consist (Figs. 16, 17, 18, 19) of two vertical ribs or shoulders 4 which engage
and move in vertical grooves of the said frame and are connected together laterally
by thin metal plates 5. 6, each of the latter having at their lower end a slot 7 through
which a finger or driver may enter for the purpose of withdrawing a type, and a
slot 8 through which the finger or driver may withdraw with the type. The small
angle parts 9 are bent to the bottom of metal plates 5 on which the type column rests.
The ribs or shoulders 4 of type cases 3 have at the top a projecting border 10
(Fig. 2) for limiting the descent of type cases 3 taking place as the types are being
set, and preventing them from falling out of the frame. Each of the three
longitudinal divisions of type cases 3 contains the types of a different printing
character.
2. Mechanisms for displacing the type magazine (Figs. 1, 2, 5).
The type magazine may be moved on rollers 11,-mounted on its ends 2-along
guides 12 (Fig. 4) these latter being fixed to the inner side of the vertically movable
parts 13 (Figs. 1, 3,) which each carry on their outer side at the guide brackets 14 à
pivot 15 on which engage the forked ends of levers 16 whilst the other ends of the
same engage in common the pivots 17 of the two single armed levers 18. The latter
have their oscillating points at 19, their other ends bearing each through a friction
roller 20 against cams 22 fixed one on each end of the shaft 21. The magazine frame
is also vertically movable in the guide parts 24 fixed to two horizontal slide bars 23
(Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5,). These latter (Fig. 2) have at the other end two toothed shaped
recesses 25, together with,-placed close to and between the samo-circular
apertures 26; they are movable on the chamfered guide bars 27 fixed on the inside
of the machine frame. At each end of the shaft 21 is fixed a sector 29, each pro-
vided with one tooth 28. Upon turning through the crank 30 the shaft 21 once
round, the typo magazine is, in the first place, raised a little by the lever
mechanism 16-18; it is then by the entrance of the tooth 28 into the recess 25
moved a distance equal to that of two divisions apart and firmly fixed in the horizontal
direction by the entrance thereupon taking place of the sector 29 in the corresponding
circular aperture 26, whilst it at the same time again descends a little.
In this way
it is practicable to bring, as required, each of the three divisions of the type cases of
the magazine to that place which in the drawing (Fig. 2) is shewn occupied by the
middle division, and where that division from which the types are being set,
must be.
3. The mechanism for delivering the types to the collecting place (Figs. 2, 4, 11).
Upon a sleeve 31 (Fig. 2) on shaft 32 are mounted keys 33 so as to turn thereon ;
they have a bell crank form, the ends of their shorter arms being engaged at 34 in
notches of rods 35. The type cases 3 of that division. of the type magazine which is
being composed from, bear by a shoulder on the oblique ends 36 of rods 35. The
type case whose corresponding key is pressed down, loses its support now that the
corresponding rod 35 goes back, and consequently it descends. At the same time
the slide arrangement (Figs. 2, 4, 11) begins its to and fro motion. The slides 37, 38
(Figs. 4, 11) aro mounted on parts 40, 41 movable along a slide bed 39; the
slides 42, 43 are behind one another and are guided in the grooves of a cross piece 44
(Fig. 2); they are firmly attached to the slides 37 or 38 by screws or studs 45, 46
(Fig. 11). To the slides are fixed by small supports twelve fingers or drivers 1 (12
of the form shewn perspectively in Figs. 20, 21, 22, 23, in three stages of similar
height apart, t, t, t, being fixed to slide 37; 6, 10, 12, to slide 38; t³, t, to, to the
front slide 43, and 2, t, a to the back slide 42 the supports of these latter fingers or
drivers passing through the front slide 43 for which purpose it has formed in it
slots 47, 48. There are further (Fig. 2) on the traverse 50 five small type
holders ¹, (Figs. 11, 14, 15), three top, and two bottom ones, of similar height
apart like the finger or driver stages. These type holders are shewn in Figs. 6 and 7
in connection with the fingers or drivers; they have the form of the bottom end of

page_text: a type case 3 so that a type may enter at the side, rest on the bottom projections,
and
upon the passage through of a finger or driver may pass out at the side taken
away by it. The type holders 61, 62, 6, have each a vertically movable partition 51
under the pressure of a spring, which partition closes the type holder at the middle
(Fig. 6) upon the lateral introduction of a type, so that the same may not be impelled
right through, but a free passage is allowed of the same type through the type
holder when it is shortly afterwards withdrawn by a finger or driver (Fig. 7), the
partition standing on the finger body. The traverse 50 when the machine is at
rest, is in its bottom position (so that the top type holders 62, 63, 63, are at the same
height as the fingers of the middle stage and the bottom type holders 64, 66 at the
same height as the fingers or drivers of the bottom stage) and during a to and fro
motion of the fingers or drivers performs one up, and one down motion. The change,
which, after half a revolution, has taken place in the position of the fingers or
drivers with reference to the type holders is seen in Fig. 11. Now, the types are
delivered from type cases 3 of the magazine to the collecting place 58 in the following
manner:
A finger of the top stage, t¹ for example, passes through that one of the type
cases (Fig. 16) which by pressing on a key is lowered down, in doing which it
withdraws by means of its step, the lowermost type, carries it into the type holder b₁
which in the further working of the machine has in the mean while ascended, and
through which it is prevented from passing by the partition 51; it is here left behind
as the traverse 50 with the type holders rises a little higher and with it the lowered
type case 3, whilst at the same time the corresponding key rod is again slid underneath
it, when the fingers or drivers commence their return movement.
During the now following second half revolution of the machine the type holder b¹
descends with the traverse 50 into the stage of the lower placed finger or driver tỉ
(Fig. 4) which in the meanwhile has finished its return movement and lays the type
carried by it in the groove of finger . This latter after the next key stroke;
therefore whilst a second type is withdrawn from the magazine by a finger or driver
of the first stage goes through type holdor and carries the type into type.
holder which has in the meanwhile ascended. (Fig. 11.) When now traverse 50
ascends a little higher, as already mentioned, the type is withdrawn from finger or
driver and upon the descent-of-the-same-reaches-the-bottom-stage. Here
channel 52 comes close up to type holder into the horizontal part of which channel
a finger or driver t" projects through a slot and moves therein carrying upon the
next key stroke-and therefore whilst a third type is withdrawn from the magazine-
the type in as far as over the edge where it loses its impulse and stops under
spring plate 54 (Fig. 11) being held there until traverse 50 going a little higher lifts
spring plate 54 through bars 56 projecting from each side of a presser 57.
The type now passes down curved channel 52 into gutter 58 situate over drum
channel 59 which is closed at top by sliding part 60 moving with slight friction,
and into which it is pressed by presser 57 when the traverse descends, sliding part 60
being moved to the extent of its thickness. The types withdrawn from the magazine
by fingers or drivers t³, 12, 1, 18, to are forwarded on in quite an analogous way;
they take the respective paths 61, 6, 52-62, 64, 52—6ª, 16, 53–6³, 18, 53-63, 6, 53.
It is also evident that when the types are being set or composed, three types are
always under way, namely, the last struck which is in the top stage; the one pre-
viously struck, in the middle stage; and the third last in the bottom stage, and further
that a type arrives at the collecting place 58 with double retardation or delay as
compared with the stroke of the corresponding key.
4. The ratchet drum (Fig. 2) is formed of a massive ring 61 on plate 62 formed
with a long collar and having teeth at its periphery. It is carried on shaft 63
mounted at top in cover plate 64 firmly fixed to the machine frame and shutting in
the drum at top; its lower end is borne as also are other vertical shafts on the arm
of a cross stay 65 fixed between the sides of the machine. In ring 61 at equal
distances apart are channels 59 opening out towards the top and between them slots 66
opening out towards the bottom, these latter being let in for only about half the ring

page_text: thickness. In slots 66 are sliding parts 67 (Figs. 2, 25) which with lugs 68, 69
project out of ring 61 or plate 62. In channels 59 are sliding parts 60 (Figs. 2, 24)
which with lugs 70 project into the hollow drum space (Fig. 2).
Both kinds of sliding parts move in the channels with slight friction having for
their better guidance a cylindrical body moving in a corresponding aperture of ring 61.
Channels 59 serve for receiving the types forming a word and are shut off from
outside by a sheet metal covering 71 laid round the drum and provided with apertures
for the movement of lugs 68 of sliding parts 67 (Figs. 1, 2).
5. The ratchet mechanism of drum (Figs. 2, 3).
As soon as the types forming a word have in the manner described under No. 3
been conducted into drum channel 59 situate below gutter 58 the drum has to be
moved by ratchet a distance equal to that between two channels 59 in order that the
next word may enter the next channel. To this end driving shaft 72 (Figs. 2, 5)
has fixed on it toothed wheel 73 engaging in toothed wheel 74 on shaft 75, whence
the motion is transferred through bevel wheels 76, 77 (Fig. 2) to disc 78, the vertical
shaft 79 of which, is carried at top in traverse 80 and at bottom in an arm of cross
stay 65. There are in disc 78 two concentric circles of cylinders 81, 82, (Figs. 2, 3)
fixed in their several orifices by friction. They may be pressed upwards through
disc 78 which upon one complete revolution of shaft 72 moves only the distance that
there is between two of the cylinders 81 (or 82) and communicates a corresponding
stroke to ratchet lever 84 lying over it, provided with curved groove 83 and keyed
to drum shaft, when a cylinder 81 pressed through, enters the groove 83. This motion
is transferred by pawl 85 to wheel 86 on the drum which is moved a distance equal
to that of two channels 59 apart. Upon the consequent turning of shaft 72, following
this action, lever $4 strikes back by reason of the shifting of curved groove 83 whilst
the drum remains stationary. A cylinder 82 pressed upward through disc 78 then
upon the turning of this latter moves lever 87.and causes sector 88 to make a stroke
upwards, this sector engaging in teeth of bevel wheel 89 on lever shaft 90. Sector 88
now, by striking with its upper end 91 against lug 68 of sliding part 67 strikes this
latter so far upwards that lug 69 which previously projects from plate 62 comes to
end with the underside of this plate, slide part 67 appertaining to and being near
channel 59 on the point of being charged. Lever 87 acted on by a spiral, springs
back when cylinder 82 has passed by it.
6. The arrangement for placing the words together into lines and the lines into
columns. (Fig. 2.)
The drum channels 59 lying underneath gutter 58 and each charged with a word,
after they, following on the successive actions of the drum, have made half a revolu-
tion and on the way been supplied with a spacing piece in the manner described
under No. 8, will be emptied in the following manner:-The alternating strokes of
lever 84 are-by means of toothed lever 92 (Fig. 12) fixed on the upper end of drum
shaft 63*, of toothed wheel 93 gearing into the same, and of toothed sector 95 fixed
on the same axis 94 as the latter carried over to a small wheel 97 fixed to a cam
roller 96, which latter consequently moves alternately to the right and left, a roller
mounted pin of the vertically moving slide 101 projecting into its curve or cam 102
(Fig. 2) which drives this slide in such a way, that when the drum is ratchetted, it
descends, and when the drum upon the back stroke of ratchet lever 84 becomes
stationary, it rises taking with it through projections 103, 104 the lugs 105 and 70.
Upon this, the types contained in the channel 59 are slid out of the drum into
channel 106 above it, and toothed rack 107 in this latter, carrying lug 105 driven
upwards, whilst toothed rack 109 in channel 108 is at the same time moved down-
wards by means of toothed wheel 110 in which both toothed racks engage, pressing
the types contained therein, which fill up the previously emptied drum channel, into
channel 112, shut off by a frictionally displaceable slide 111 and underneath 108.
The two channels 106, 108, are directly opposite each other on a shaft 114 carried on
cross rail 113, its lower toothed wheel 115 being in communication with teeth on
drum plate 62 through the small intermediate gearing 117 on shaft 116. The trans-
mission is so designed that upon half a revolution of shaft 114, the channels 106, 108,

page_text: alternately change places when the drum is continuously moved a distance equal to
that between two drum channels 59. Channel 112 which the drum contents finally
reach appertains to the galley. This is divided into channel shaped spaces 112, which
previous to being charged are shut off by slides 111 to give support to the entering
types and prevent the breaking up of the words. The composing galley is fixed on
guide 119 with which it is horizontally displaceable on rollers 120. It has underneath
a horizontal toothed rod 121 engaging in toothed wheel 122, and is by this wheel in
connection with wheels 124, 125 on the same shaft, the teeth of which point in oppo-
site directions. It is regulated in its movement effected by gravity, by means of a
weight, by lever arrangement 127, 128, 129, mounted on shaft 126 (Fig. 3), in the
following manner-Lever 128 engages in teeth of wheel 124 whilst lever 127 projects
so far underneath the drum bottom that upon the passing by of a lug 69 projecting
from the drum, it is caused to make a stroke at a time when the contents of adjacent
druni channel 59 have just been carried over to the galley. Only that lug 69-as
bereinafter described under No. 9-which appertains to the channel containing the
last words of a line, now projects from the drum bottom. Accordingly when this last
word is carried over into the galley, lever 128-is thrown out of action and the galley
follows the draught of the driving weight; but it will, owing to lever 129 engaging
wheel 125 (Fig. 3) be at once arrested as soon as the engagement to the extent
of one tooth has taken place corresponding to the advance of the galley one
compartment.
7. The numerating mechanism for numerating or counting the thicknesses of the
set types. (Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5.)
This
The counting or numerating of the thicknesses of the types to be set, graduating by
units of millimetre, must precede the spacing by the machine. This object is
attained by a counting mechanism, the pointer 130 (Figs. 2, 5) of which, upon the
withdrawal of each type, advances to an angle corresponding to the thickness of the
Saide. Each key rod 35 has teeth 131 on its under side serving as a stop for a
traverser 132 of inverted tee form passing underneath all the key rods.
traverser 132 is carried on four horizontal supports 133 (Figs. 2, 3) displaceable with
guides on the two middle ones so that it may be brought underneath each row of
-clear-spaces-between-the-teeth-of-rods-35.-To-supports-133 are fixed vertical rods 135
moving on guide rods 136 and guide column 137, they engaging with toothed
wheels 138 on shaft 139. On the same shaft toothed wheel 140 engages with hori-
zontal toothed rack 141 (Fig. 2) this in turn engaging double lever 142 having teeth
along the arc of a circle, its shorter arm fitted with a roller 143 being kept by spring
pressure constantly pressed against the edge of cam 144 mounted on main shaft 72.
The vertical liftings up of the traverser 132 which consequently take place upon each
revolution of shaft 72 are limited by the key rod drawn forward at the particular time
by the striking of a key, the tooth of which key rod passes over traverser 132.
These respective liftings up, proportionate to the thickness of the type set each time,
are carried over through rack 141 (Figs. 3, 4) to toothed wheel 145, lever 146.
pawl 147, wheel 148, bevel wheels 149, 150, to shaft 151, (Figs. 2, 3) from which the
pointer shaft is worked. The teeth of one and the same key rod are in number similar
to that of the different sizes of types for which the machine is to be used, in this
case eighteen, and generally of varying depths, as for different sizes the same letters
will vary in thickness. Now, in order to bring traverser 132 (Fig. 2) under the
corresponding row of clear spaces between the teeth of key rods 35, when the type
magazine is displaced for the purpose of changing the types, rod 155 with tooth
apertures 153 and arc recesses 154 is moved by means of a tooth 156 situate in the
middle of shaft 21, by turning crank handle 30, analogous to slide bars 23, and
firmly fixed by the entrance into arc recesses 154 of the sectors 157 mounted on shaft 21
on each side of tooth 156. Sleeve 159 overlapping traverser 132 with fork 158
may be moved on rod 155 and fixed at either of the six are recesses 160 by pressing
down small lever 161 provided with an eccentric. In this way traverser 132 may
be fixed differently in six ways and then by displacement of the magazine still dis-
placed every three times.

page_text: 8. Mechanism for the proper selection and insertion of the spacing pieces in the
drum channels. (Figs. 2, 3, 4).
The spacing apparatus is driven at the conclusion of each line by a single turn of
crank 162 (Fig. 2) which is in communication with vertical shaft 166 through hori-
zontal shaft 163 and two bevel wheels 164, 165. Cams I, II, III, IV, V, (Figs. 3, 4)
are mounted on vertical shaft 166. Against the edges of cams I, II, III, IV, the 4
two armed levers 168 oscillating on vertical shaft 167 are pressed by spring pressure,
cam being pressed against by double lever 170 oscillating on 169 by incans of a
line 171 kept taut by a spring. These cams I, II, III, IV, V, are so formed and
arranged that upon turning the crank, levers 168 first strike out one after another,
beginning with the lowest, by their shorter arms against shaft 166, remain at rest
until lever 170 last sticking out, has performed its stroke against cam V and back
again, and then strike back again, which action takes place in about two thirds of a
crank revolution. Levers 168 carry on their long arms toothed arcs 172 engaging
in toothed wheels 173 (Figs. 3, 4). These, like discs VI, VII, VIII, IX, are carried
on sleeves 174 placed one above the other and capable of turning on drum shaft 63
in such a way that, disc VI and the lowest toothed wheel 173 are on one sleeve,
disc VII and second lowest wheel on another sleeve, and so on, so that these discs
take part in the corresponding to and fro motion of levers 168. Discs VI, VII,
VIII, IX, each carry a pawl 176 to engage in ratchet wheel 175 above them (Fig. 10).
The pawls 176 are mounted on pivots 177 passing through slots 178 in discs VI to
VIII inclusive. All the discs have an edge projecting beyond their periphery along
the distance P-Q, (Fig. 10) which in the top disc VI projects somewhat more and
is continued to R so that it engages in notches 179 of vertically moving but not
revolving spindles 180, whilst the edges P-Q, of all these discs, just pass by the
spindles. Disc VI further carries at part Q on pivot 182 the outwardly springing
pawl 181 (Fig. 3) which pawl reaches to underneath the drum bottom and limits the
stroke of disc VI, as soon as, upon the movement of the same, pawl 181 comes into
collision with a lug 69 projecting from the drum, pawl 181 being turned a little
further round outwards beyond its springing, so that pawl 183 firmly in connection
therewith engages in a tooth of the sickle shaped part 184 fixed to the machine
frame. Indirectly also; the stroke of discs VII, VIII, IX, is thereby limited as by
means of pawl pivots 177 (Fig. 10) disc VII bears on VI, VIII on VII, and IX on
VIII. These discs may however be arrested in another way as follows:-The ratchet
wheel 175 having a number of teeth similar to the number of drum channels 59 is
mounted to turn on sleeve 185 which likewise may turn on drum shaft 63, and
carries at top lever 186 and at bottom bevel wheel 187 (Fig. 4). A stud 188 fixed
in ratchet wheel 175 (Fig. 10) which bears normally against lever 186; carries this
lever with it when the strokes of discs VI to IX inclusive, are by means of
pawls 176 carried over to ratchet wheel 175. If now, lever 186 is stopped in its
movement, as hereinafter described, ratchet wheel 175 cannot go any further and
therefore also not that one of the discs VI to IX during the stroke of which lever 186
is stopped. The discs following on the arrested dise will then hy reason of their
pawls being engaged in the now firmly fixed ratchet wheel 175 perform no more
strokes, whilst all the discs preceding the arrested disc have made a similar stroke
and bear against the first disc VI, which with its pawl 181 struck against projecting
lug 69 and with pawl 183 engages in part 184. It is further to be observed that
disc VI may be stopped by means of lever 186 before its pawl 181 has reach a lug 69;
then discs VII, VIII, IX, will not perform any stroke. In every case, each of these
discs moves ratchet wheel 175 a number of teeth equal to the number of drum
channels 59 (or spindles 180) under (or ly) which its edge Q has passed, because; as
already observed, the number of both is the same. The movement of ratchet wheel 175
is carried over through bevel wheels 187, 189, (Fig. 4) to shaft 190, and to shaft 195
when toothed wheel 192, displaceable with sleeve 191 on shaft 190 without turning,
is put out of gear with fixed toothed rack 193 (Fig. 5) and in gear with wheel 194
(Fig. 4), to which shaft 195, as already stated under No. 7, the movements of the
R

page_text: counting mechanism are also carried over, seeing that on shaft 195 (Figs. 3, 5)
is also fixed ratchet wheel 148. During the setting of the types toothed wheels 192
and 194 are out of gear in order that the action of the counting mechanism may
be transferred to the pointer only, and not by way of 192, 190, 189, 187, to
lever 186, which would thereby wrongly come out of contact with stud 188. They
come, as will soon be seen, into gear with each other soon after the crank begins
to turn, and fixed rack 193 serves to guard wheel 192 from accidental revolution
in order that its teeth may securely pass into the clear tooth spaces of 194. The
movement of ratchet wheel 175 transferred to shaft 195, is carried over through
bevel wheels 149, 150, (Fig. 3) to shaft 151, the revolutions of which, are the
same as in working by the counting mechanism. Shaft 151 is coupled with the
pointer shaft through the ratchet wheel 196 (Fig. 2) on its end, and pawl 197 fixed
to disc 198 on pointer shaft 152; consequently the movement of discs VI to IX,
or of ratchet wheel 175 is finally transferred to pointer 130.
The transmission
through the mechanism is so designed that the pointer moves over one division of
the indicating sheet or dial for each tooth that ratchet wheel 175 is moved.
On shaft 151 (Fig. 5) is a friction disc 199 provided with an are recess - which
disc during the lust third of revolution of crank 162,—that is, after levers 168, 170
have already performed their forward and backward stroke-is carried along by fric-
tion disc 200 on crank shaft 163, the projecting periphery a-ß passing over friction
disc 199. The still further projecting edge part ẞ-y of friction disc 200 finally goes
along are recess - and oporates the precise adjustment of friction disc 199 in the
indicated position. If now, in this position of friction disc 199 which obtains after
each revolution of crank and also at the commencement of the type setting, the pointer
is, according to the desired width of column-placed at any determined figure of
the indicating sheet (this being practicable by reason of ratchet wheel 196 and disc 198
being capable of ready disconnection) it will even when during-the-type setting it
is turned from shaft 151 to an angle proportionate to the length of the set or composed
line-after effected revolution of crank, take up its original position, that is to say,
the pointer after each revolution of crank always returns over to the once determined
width of column.
Friction disc 200 is in connection with cam -201, against the edge of which is
pressed by spring pressure one of three levers mounted on shaft 202, namely lever 204
(Fig. 5) whilst lever 203 oscillates in proximity to disc 198, and lever 205 engages by
pivot 206 in a groove 207 of sleeve 191 displaceable on shaft 190. Disc 198 (Fig. 5)
has a sidewise projecting edge, discontinuous along the distance 9-s, the recess being
so designed that when the pointer stands at zero, lever 203 with its shoulder 208 may
still pass by s, and the recess is of such width that if an ordinary line is full up to the
spacing, shoulder 208 may already go past q and enter the recess. If, previous to
turning the crank, the position of levers 203, 204, 205 is as shewn in Fig. 5, then soon
after commencing to turn-as lever 204 may strike out, before levers 168, 170 begin
to act-lever system 203, 204, 205 will make a stroke if disc 198 in the setting of the
line in question has turned so far round that shoulder 208 of lever 2013 can enter
recess qs, which, as just observed, is precisely the case when a line is finished up to
the spacing. The connection of toothed wheel 192 with rack 193 is at once broken
by means of lever 205, and wheel 192 enters into gear, with 194. The strokes of
discs VI, VII, VIII, IX, taking place on the further turning of the crank, are, as
before described, transmitted continuously to disc 198 and pointer 130 and continue
so long until the edges of recess q-s comes against shoulder 208 of lever 203 entered
into gs, lever 186 being then stopped. This position being taken, lever 170 (Fig. 4)
comes into stroke, whereby spindles 180 are lifted vertically. These, the number of
which is equal to the largest average number of words in a long line, and which are
situate each underneath a lug 69 along the range Q―R (Fig. 10) are vertically carried
in part 184 at top, and part 209 at bottom, which parts are attached to the machine
frame. These spindles 180 are kept constantly pressed upwards by spiral springs
acting against collars 211. Parts 184, 209 are in connection with each other through

page_text: three vertical cylinders 210, on which is carried a circular bracket 212 by sleeves 213
and pressed upwards by spiral spring. This bracket engages with edge 214 over
collars 211 (Fig. 4) of spindles 180 and is in connection with double lever 170
(through line 171 passing over roller 216) which is thus constantly kept pressed
against cam V, therefore, when upon the turning of crank 162, lever 170 performs
its stroke, all those of spindles 180 rise, out of the notches 179 of which, the edge Q-R
(Fig. 10) of disc VI has passed, that is to say, all starting from the first at Q, up to
that one exclusive, over which stands a projecting lug 69, and beyond which pawl 181
cannot strike. Spindles 180 upon lifting through their collars 211 strike against that
of the discs VI, VII, VIII, IX, the edge Q of which has passed by them as last.
Thereupon each spindle drives upward the sliding part 67 lying over it; but upon the
lifting of a sliding part 67 depends the selection of the spacing piece to come into the
adjacent and corresponding drum channel 59, in the following way:
1. A sliding part the lug 69 of which projects from the drum bottom, does not effect
the withdrawal of any spacing piece.
2. A sliding part being lifted during the time of composing only (as will be
described under No. 9) through sector 88 (as already described in the latter part of
No. 5) and not subsequently by spindles 180-effects the withdrawal of one spacing
piece of the minimum thickness of A units.
3. A sliding part which has been passed by edge P-Q of disc VI, effects the
withdrawal of a spacing piece of the thickness of A+1 unit; a sliding part which
has been passed by edge P-Q of dises VI, VII, the withdrawal of a spacing pieco of
the thickness of A+2 units; a sliding part which has been passed by edge P-Q of
discs VI, VII, VIII, the withdrawal of a spacing piece of the thickness of A+3 units;
and a sliding part which has been passed by edge P-Q of all the discs, the withdrawal
of a spacing piece of the thickness of A+4 units.
The arrangement serving for withdrawing the spacing pieces is as follows:-
(Figs. 2, 5, 12, 26) Over the drum are five channels 217, each for the reception of one
kind of spacing pieces of the said graduations, and arranged so as to be vertically
movable in slots of plate 218 and of cover plate 64. Channels 217 are of the same
construction as type cases 3 of type magazine, only heavier, in order, when desconding,
to overcome the friction of a sliding part 60 in drum channel 59; they rest by
shoulders 219 on bracket 220 and have small recesses 221 within which lie the
projections 222 of cylinders 223 turning on their axes which for this purpose are
surrounded with spiral springs. Bracket 220 is fixed to slide rod 224 working in
guide 225. A lever 227 turning on 226 engages with stud and roller 228 in
groove 229 of cam roller 96 and with a second stud 230 in slide rod 224, so that
bracket 220 moves up and down when ratchet lever 84 makes its to and fro stroke-
as described at the commencement of No. 6-groove 229 being so arranged that
during the ratchet working of the drum, bracket 220 passes from its bottom position
after staying some time in the same, over into its top position; on the other hand,
when ratchet lever 84 strikes back, therefore whilst the drum is stationary, bracket 220
descends back into its bottom position, when channels 217 are free on one side and
rest only on projections 222 of cylinders 223. The latter at different heights
corresponding to the heights at which a lug 68 of sliding parts 67 may be situate
when such a sliding part in the type setting or also afterwards has been raised by
spindles 180-have each a second projection 231 (Fig. 4) which upon the passing
by of a lug 68 may be carried along with it. If this occurs in the after part of a
drum ratchet movement whilst the bracket 220 has already ascended, the upper
projection 222 will be turned round out of the respective recess 221 of channel 217
appertaining to it; by this the channel loses its support and descends simultaneously
with bracket 220 soon thereafter descending, whilst the drum remains stationary so
long that its lower part enters drum channel 59 underneath it, driving forward by its
weight the contained types together with the sliding part 60. Upon the next ratchet
working of the draun whilst bracket 220 and consequently also the descended
channel 217 still remain in their bottom position, the upper shouldered part 232 of

page_text: drum ring 61 passes through the lower slot of channel 217 and removes (Fig. 26) the
lowest of the spacing pieces of this channel in a way analogous to that in which a
finger or driver t¹, t, etcetera removes a type from a type case 3 of the magazine.
Thereupon bracket 220 ascends carrying channel 217 with it, the remainder of the
drum ratchet movement takes place, whereby projection 231 is set free from lug 68,
so that cylinder 223 following the pressure of its spiral spring may again with upper
projection 222 enter recess 221, and channel 217 he again supported. Cylinders 223
bear by their lower ends in the sickle shape part 184 already referred to; by their
upper ends in cover plate 64 which latter in combination with small plate 218 gives
in addition, support to guide cylinders 99, 100, of slide 101, to shaft of cam roller 96,
to guide prisms 225 of rod 224. Both plates 64 and 218 are connected together by
bearing columns 233.
9. The driving mechanism of said parts. (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5).
The machine is driven by a motor which keeps pulley 234 (Fig. 3) in constant
rotation. The latter is loose on main shaft 72. A disc 235 is keyed on shaft 72 and
holds revolving pin 236 which with eccentric 237-on which sector 238 oscillates-
projects into a circular passage formed in loose pulley 234. At the other end of
pin 236 is firmly fixed lever 240, which is kept by a spring constantly pressed from
shaft 172 and yielding to the spring pressure when the free end 242 loses the support
of lever 243. This takes place, and shaft 72 is carried along therewith, by reason
of the coming into play of the friction between eccentrically mounted sector 238 and
passage surface of disc 235 as soon as a key stroke is effected. Keys 33 mounted on
sleeve 31 have at their eye a small recess 244 (Fig. 2) through which for their whole
length passes a fillet or feather on key shaft 32, to which end, sleeve 31 has at bottom
a corresponding slot and is supported by several brackets 245. Key shaft 32 is
carried in sides of frame, and its fillet may turn with play in slot of sleeve 31 and also
in recesses 244. It carries at one end-lever-246. If now, any one of the keys be
struck, lover 246 makes a stroke; the keys not struck do not also sink down as they
are held through springs 241 by means of key rods 35. The stroke of lever 216 is
transmitted through connecting rod 247 to lever 248 which with levers 243 (Fig. 1)
and 249 is mounted on the same shaft; thereby lever 243 is upon each stroke of a key
brought to perform-a-stroke-and disc-235 together with shaft 72 are carried along
therewith by friction. After half a revolution, projection 250 (Fig. 1) on cam 251,
also keyed to main shaft 72, strikes against roller 252 at end of lever 249; the lever
arrangement 243, 248, 249, in consequence thereof strikes back so that lover 243
again comes in front of lever end 242 and thus disconnects the communication of
loose pulley 234 with main shaft 72. The movement may however be kept up
continuously, if the operator strikes the keys at such intervals that lever 243 is already
thrown out of engagement when lever end 242 comes near it, a too early stroke being
however avoided by the form of cam 251. On shaft 72 are fixed rollers 253, 254,
(Fig. 5) which operate slides 37, 38, 42, 43 by their cam grooves 255, 256, and
traverse 50) by end grooves 257 through bell crank levers 258, the traverse being
carried between vertical parts 259, 260, in the lower toothed-ends of which, the longer
arms provided with toothed arc-of bell crunk levers 258, engage. Whilst after
half a revolution of main shaft 72 traverse 50 performs the remainder of its up stroke,
it lifts up again type case 3 previously lowered by stroke of key, and the corresponding
key rod 35 which upon key stroke had been drawn forward, again passes underneath
it. The manner in which, further, the drum ratchet movement, the placing of the
words together into lines and columns, and the withdrawal of the spacing pieces is
effected and finally how the counting mechanism is worked is already described under
Nos. 5, 6, 8 and 7, but something may be added with reference to the pressing of
cylinders 81, 82, through disc 78. After the composition of each one word except
the last of a line, a particular. key 261, viz., the ratchet key, is struck, the stroke being
transmitted through line 262 (Figs. 2, 3) over roller 263 on to the end of two armed
lever 264, which consequently by its other arm presses a-cylinder. $2 upwards through
disc 78. Now lever 264 is fixed on shaft 265 which is so coupled to the shaft 266,

page_text: of a second lever 267 that the movement of shaft 265 is transmitted to shaft 266 but
not inversely, therefore with lover 264 also lever, 267 is affected by the stroke of the
ratchet key, the latter lever pressing a cylinder S1 through disc 78. As now disc 78
for each revolution of main shaft 72 moves forward the distance equal to that between
two cylinders 81 (or S2) a pressed through cylinder 81 will (Fig. 3) with double
retardation or delay as compared with the stroke of the ratchet key, enter the ratchet
lever 84 and so effect the ratchet movement of the drum; on the other hand a pressed
through cylinder 82 with single retardation, therefore during the revolution preceding.
the ratchet movement of the drum, brings lover 87 to strike, whereby (as stated at
end of No. 5) sliding pari 67 appertaining to drum channel 59 in process of being
charged, is raised to that height, remaining in which, it by its Ing 68 would effect the
withdrawal of a spacing piece of the minimum thickness =A. At the end of a line
the ratchet key will not be struck, but rather crank 162 turned once round. By
means of projection 268 (Figs. 2, 5) on cam disc 201 of crank shaft 163; of lever 269
lying against the same; of fever 270 on same shaft 271 as 269; and of line 273
leading over roller 272 to lever 267, a cylinder 81 will upon the turning of crank 162
likewise be pressed through disc 78, but not at the same time a cylinder 82.
Accordingly the drum ratchet movement takes place as is usual with double
retardation, but lever 87 does not come to a stroke, that is, sliding part 67 apper-
taining to the concluding channel of a line remains at the height at which it attains
the charging place, that however, is the low position which all the sliding parts
gradually reach after the corresponding channels have delivered up their contents to
the galley.
In this low position lugs 69 project from the drum bottom. Therefore
the drum channel containing the final word (or syllable) of a line (1) will not receive
any spacing pieces. (see No. 8 latter part). (2) will bring about movement of the
galley to the extent of one compartment. (see No. 6).
It is also to be observed that the stroke of the ratchet key which does not deliver
any type (so that upon the movement of the drum no type enters the drum) is
nevertheless counted by the counting mechanism in a way as though a spacing piece
of the minimum thickness A had been set; further, that cylinders 81, 82, after they
have operated are gradually pressed downward again by passing on inclined planes,
so that they always come into their low position over levers 267, 264. Upon turning
crank 162 a revolution of shaft 72 is effected, as upon each key stroke a third lever 274
mounted on shaft 271 acting upon stud 275 of connecting rod 247 which it works.
with the difference however, that during this revolution no thickness is counted by
the counting mechanism because at the end of a line no spacing piece is supplied.
This purpose is served by slot 276 in connecting rod 247 and by special toothed
rod 277 (Fig. 28)-the teeth of which are placed opposite those of key rods 35, aud
are of such length that traverser 132 standing under one of such teeth cannot ascend,
so that no thickness can be counted-engaging lever 278 fixed on key shaft 32.
Consequently upon each key stroke rod 277 is so displaced as to come with its clear
space over traverser 132, leaving this free to ascond. On the other hand upon a
revolution being effected by turning crank 162, connecting rod 247 by reason of
slot 276 prevents the key shaft 32 from coming to a stroke, therefore rod 277 remains
stationary with its teeth over traverser 132, the ascent of which it prevents.
Figs. 13 and 2, finally shew an arrangement or apparatus employed in combination
with the machine of this invention by which the stroke of two or more keys at the same
time, is prevented, and which, if occurring, would supply several types in the same
revolution so as to be in the way. For this purpose each key 33 has underneath it a
flat projecting part 278 with a blunt bottom edge below which is an arrangement of
easily displaceable rollers 279 lying flat, close together, or nearly so, of a diameter
equal to the distance apart of two edges of 278 and having a total play equal to the
thickness of one projecting part 278; the rollers rest by their ends in grooves of
rails 280. When a key is pressed down, the rollers will yield to right and left just so
much as will allow of the passage between two of them. of only one edge. By means
of slight spring pressure at both ends of their path the rollers are after each key-stroke
caused to return to their normal middle position.

page_text: The machine works as follows:-
For the sake of brevity of description the type holders bare hereinafter indicated
by b1, 13, 3, etcetera when in the hottom position, but when in the raised position
by (1), (2), (3), etcetera.
Suppose it is required to compose: "Man proposes God disposes" with a prescribed
width of column of 160 units, the dial being divided into 500 units. The operator
adjusts the width of column by turning the pointer to 340 so that it has to pass
through 160 units before it arrives at zero.
The operator now strikes one after another :-
1. Key M the type M during the first half revolution is conducted by finger or
driver (Fig. 11) out of the type magazine towards ('); at the end of the
revolution M is in 1 (Fig. 4).
2. Key a type M during the first half revolution is conducted by finger t' out of b¹
towards (6) type a by finger t out of type magazine towards (¹); at the end of the
revolution M is in b; a in b¹.
;
3. Keyn; M during the first half revolution is conducted by finger t" out of 14
underneath plate 54; a, by t7 our of b₁ towards (); type n by 2 out of type magazine
towards (6); at the end of the revolution M is in the drum; a in ; n in b³.
4. Ratchet key; a.during the first half revolution is conducted by t¹ out of b
underneath plate 54; n by 5 out of 62 towards (4). This time no type will be with-
drawn from the type magazine at the end of the revolution a is in the drum, n in b*,
further cylinders 81, 82, (Fig. 3) are pressed through.
5. Key p type n is conducted by t, out of 4 to plate 54; p by out of type
magazine towards (62); at the end of the revolution n is in the drum, p in b².
Simultaneously sliding part 67-appertaining to the channel of drum charged
with M, a, n, is raised by the action of pressed through cylinder 82 (paragraph 4)
which acts with single retardation.
6. Key r; p by t, out of 63, towards (60); r by t³, out of type magazine
towards (); at the end p is in 6, in 6. This time no type enters the drum as
(paragraph 4) none has been withdrawn from the type magazine. On the other hand
the drum is moved by ratchet owing to pressed through cylinder 81 (paragraph 4)
which operates with double retardation.
7. Key o; p by out of 6 to plate 54; r by 10 out of 63 towards (1³); o by to
out of type magazine towards (6³); at the end of the revolution p is in the drum in a
fresh drum channel; in 68; o in b³.
8. Key p, etcetera.
From this it is clear that:
1. Each type reaches the drum with twofold retardation as compared with its key
stroke.
2. The sliding part appertaining to a drum channel is raised-with single retarda-
tion as compared with the ratchet key stroke, therefore in the revolution preceding the
putting into gear of the drum ratchet so high that it no longer projects from the
drum bottom.
3. The drum is put into ratchet gear with twofold retardation as compared with
the ratchet key stroke, whilst no type enters the drum.
Upon each revolution pointer 130 moves further on, in the case of a type key
stroke the units corresponding to the thickness of the struck type, but when the
ratchet key (which does not deliver any type) is struck, it moves so many units as
the minimum spacing piece thickness amounts to and which has been designated "A";
consequently the pointer indicates how long the line would be if there were already
a minimum spacing piece between every two words.
"
Supposing the operator proceeding in the aforesaid way to have set Man
proposes
God di
during the setting of a bell signal may sound. This signal
which it may be convenient to actuate-by disc 198, sounds when the pointer has
still a distance from zero corresponding to the number of units of a long syllable.
The operator would therefore and without it being necessary to look at the indicating
dial, have to set out or finish the syllable during the setting of which the bell

page_text: ignal has sounded, and then turn crank 162, the unfinished line being safely
engthened (adjusted) by spacing pieces, but the skiltul operator will under certain
ircumstances also bring the next following syllable into the line, namely, when
his latter and the one preceding are sufficiently short, so that the distance apart
f the several words may not be unnecessarily long, thus, in the foregoing case
he word would be broken off at "dispo=," as syllables " dis and <<
po are
The proceeding at the end of one line and beginning of the next with respect
nly to the introduction of the types into the drum and the putting into ratchet
ear of the drum, as well as the lifting of sliding part 67 is as follows:-
hort.
رو
وو
lengthened (adjusted) by spacing pieces, but the skiltul operator win under certam
circumstances also bring the next following syllable into the line, namely, when
this latter and the one preceding are sufficiently short, so that the distance apart
of the several words may not be unnecessarily long, thus, in the foregoing case
the word would be broken off at 'dispo=' as syllables "dis" and "po" are
short.
22
The proceeding at the end of one line and beginning of the next with respect
only to the introduction of the types into the drum and the putting into ratchet
gear of the drum, as well as the lifting of sliding part 67 is as follows:-
The operator strikes on
0
1. Key o, the "o" of disposes; typos passes into the drum.
2. Key, (division): type p passes into the drum.
:-
3. The operator turns crank 162 whereupon a revolution is likewise performed;
o passes into the drum. At the same time cylinder 81 but not cylinder 82 is pressed
through, and pointer 130 passes over zero to 340 whereby the former column width is
adjusted for the fresh line.
4. Key s, (syllable "ses") thus immediately commencing a fresh line ;= (division)
passes into the drum. Therewith sliding part 67 of channel charged with "dispo=”
has not been raised, as cylinder 82, as stated in preceding paragraph 3, has not been
pressed through, consequently lug 69 appertaining to the channel with dispo= will
remain projecting from the drum bottom.
3. The operator strikes key e; the drum is put into ratchet gear following on the
pressing through of cylinder 81, as stated in preceding paragraph 3; no type enters
the druin, as, upon the turning of the crank (sce paragraph 3) none has been withdrawn
from the type magazine.
6. The operator strikes key s, the final "s" of syllable "ses"; the s mentioned as
struck in paragraph 4 passes into a fresh channel of the drum, and so on.
It may be pointed out that the operator after the turning of the crank may at once,
without looking at pointer 130, commonce the composition of the next line.
The proceeding upon the turning of crank 162 is in the present case, as follows:
If, at the beginning of the crank revolution the pointer stands at 490, there are
wanting on the dial 10 units, but in fact there are wanting 10 +3 A units to the line,
because upon every ratchet key stroke after "Man," after "proposes," and after "God,"
the pointer advanced A units without a corresponding type entering the drum.
These 10 + 3A units must therefore be made up by spacings. The words and part of
a word "Man proposes God dispo are respectively in channels, y, a, wo; and in t
the last word of the preceding line (Fig. 27). Upon the turning of crank, shoulder 208
of lever 203 (Figs. 3 and 5) then enters the recess q-s of disc 198, wheels 192 and 194
thereupon coming into gear (Fig. 4).
3:
K μ
Disc VI passes by spindles 180 under λ(Fig. 27) until pawl 181 (Fig. 3) is
arrested by that one of lugs 69 namely V which projects from the drum and appertains
to the concluding channel of the preceding line. Edge Q-R of disc VI passes out
of notches of spindles 180 underneath Aμ but no further out of that under V.
Simultaneously the pointer advances three units further on, to 493, at once followed
by disc VII which likewise passes by spindles 180 underneath A and bears against
disc VI upon this pointer 130 advances three more units to 496. Disc VIII follows
in a similar way, the pointer advancing to 499. Disc 1X now following can now only
pass by the first spindle 180 underneath for the pointer then comes to zero, in which
position of pointer the shoulder 208 of lever 23 bears against edges of disc 198
whereupon lever 186, ratchet wheel 175, and disc IX engaging in this latter by its
pawl 176, are stopped. This position being taken up, the ascent of the liberated
spindles 180 under λis effected, the first striking disc IX, the second disc VIII,
the third also disc VIII. Sliding parts 67 situate over these spindles, are conse-
quently as before described (under No. 8) driven to such a height that sliding part
appertaining to channel causes the withdrawal of a spacing piece of the thick-
ness of A + 4 units; that appertaining to channel y, the withdrawal of a spacing piece
k

page_text: of the thickness of A + 3 units; and that appertaining to channel z, the withdrawal
of a spacing piece also of the thickness of A+ 3 units.
The channel with the concluding word part "dispe" does not receive a spacing
piece as lug 69 of the appertaining sliding part projects from the drum. Therefore
by the spacing, the required supply of (3 a + 10) units may be put in, the line
containing only two different kinds of spacing pieces which differ only to the extent
of one unit (= millimetre) a difference that in printing is not observable to the
eye. Had the pointer previous to the turning of crank stood at 496 instead of 490,
then 3+4 units would have been wanting, in which case disc VI would have
passed by the three first spindles under and pointer advanced to 499 and there-
fore disc VII only by the spindle under k. Thus the sliding part appertaining to
channel operates the withdrawal of a spacing piece of the thickness A+ 2; that
appertaining to channel y, one of the thickness A+ 1, and that appertaining to channel z
aiso one of the thickness A+ 1, in all 3 A + 4 units as required.
K "
Finally, if the pointer previous to the turning of crank, had stood just at zero,
then 3A units would have been wanting to make up the exact line, in which case
disc VI and therefore also the other cannot strike because the shoulder 208 of
lever 203, already lies against edges of disc 198. Consequently none of the spindles
rise and sliding parts 67 therefore remain at the height they had been raised in the
type setting, the appertaining channels receiving as described each a spacing piece of
the thickness A, whereby 3 A units are added.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim, is:
In a type composing machine™:
1. The controlled stage or step like delivery of the separate types from the type
cases to the collecting place, in the manner that the types are carried by means of
fingers or drivers several times horizontally and vertically through short distances
for the purpose of dividing the aggregate horizontal and vertical movement of the
types-from-the-type-cases-to the collecting place-into several shorter movements, so.
that with a view to rapidity of composition one type has already begun its movement
before the type preceding it has arrived at the collecting place, substantially as
described and shown.
2. With the object of mechanically inserting a spacing piece after each composed
word (except the last of a line) the application of a drum provided with channels in
which the types forming each separate word are laid in one of the said channels, so
that previous to the placing together of the words into a line, a spacing piece of more
or less length as desired may be added thereto in the several drum channels, substantially
as described and shewn.
3. The mechanical spacing out of the words into lines by the application of syste-
matically graduated spacing pieces each in one piece, in the manner that the types of a
line or their thicknesses measured by units are numerated by a numerating mechanism
and the number of units required to make up the proposed length of line are, in the
form of spacing pieces meclianically inserted after each word when the drum channel
containing the word to be spaced comes to a stand underneath one of the spacing piece
channels 217 from which one spacing piece is withdrawn, substantially as described
and shewn.
4. In order to prevent the striking of more than one key at the same time, the
arrangement of edge parts underneath the keys and rollers mounted in a frame under-
neath the edge parts, which rollers allow of the passage between them of only one
edge part at a time, in combination with the type setting or composing machine,
substantially as described and shewn.
5. For the mechanical insertion of the spacing pieces into the drum channels,
referred to in claim 2, the arrangement of cams I II III IV V, in combination with
discs VI VII VIII IX, which limit the stroke of spindles 180, as also the arrangement
of cylinders 223 provided with projections 231, in combination with sliding parts 64

page_text: which are raised to a determined height by spindles 180 and by their lugs 68 turn
cylinders 223 so that the spacing piece channels 217 lose their support and therefore
descend, substantially as described and shewn.
6. For the automatic re-adjustment of the once adjusted length of line, upon the
composition of every fresh line, the arrangement of friction discs 199, 200, so formed
that 199 together with pointer 130 is always brought into the same position upon one
revolution of 200, in combination with the type setting or composing machine
substantially as described and shewn.
CAPITAINE & VON HERTLING,
89, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.