Improvements in the Manufacture of a Resistible Material chiefly designed for Building Purposes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1892-Accepted, 9th Apr., 1892
COMPLETE SERUIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of a Resistible Material chiefly
designed for Building Purposes.
I, HEINRICH HARTMANN, of QT, 16 Mannheim, in the Grand Duchy of Baden, in
the Empire of Germany, Architect do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention refers to the manufacture of a resistible material particularly
adapted for building purposes, more especially for making ceilings, walls and
floorings of various shapes.
Mineral substances such as concrete, gypsum, cement and similar materials have
heretofore been combined with wire cloth, plaited metal screens, rods, perforated
and corrugated sheets of metal and the like for making ceilings, walls, floorings and
similar parts of buildings; all these combinations, however, have been found
objectionable owing to the fact that the mineral binding materials employed, would
not combine with the interior layer of metal to form a homogeneous mass but
remained more or less independent of the same, thus rendering the finished material
liable to become chapped under the influence of changes of temperature. Moreover
the supporting metal layers in such cases have usually been found imbedded in the
neutral portion of the binding material, that is to say, in that portion in which
they were the least capable of offering the desired resistance to pressure and
strains.
The object of my invention, therefore, is to produce a compound building
material which will be easy to prepare and which will be free from the above
mentioned objections inasmuch as it will most effectually resist the action of
pressure, shocks and atmospheric influences and at the same time, admit of being
easily brought into the desired shape to be used for ceilings, laths, floorings, plates
and the like.
For the manufacture of my improved building material I may employ any of the
well known materials commonly used for building purposes, such as lime, trass,
cement, gypsum and other suitable materials which will become solidified under
the influence of the atmosphere, and I may employ these materials, either with or
without the admixture of gravel, sand or other suitable triturated or pulverized
materials usually employed for mixing with the other above mentioned binding
materials. With any of these binding materials whether in a mixed or unmixed
state, I combine suitable quantities of metal hair, or fibre or metal wool in the
manner to be more fully hereinafter described, thus uuiting such binding material
or materials with the metal hairs or fibres or metal wool, in such a manner as to
form therewith an inseparable homogeneous mass.
I wish it to be understood that by the terms "metal hair or fibre" and "metal
wool " I mean to designate any kind of fibre-like or wiry particles of metal (iron,
brass or the like) such as may be obtained by plaining, cutting, and similar
operations, as for instance small metal strips, shavings, cuttings, chips, wires and
the like provided they have either a more or less straight form as fibres or a more
or less curly, woolly appearance.
In order to properly unite the above mentioned fibrous metal substances with
the plastic mineral materials (cement, gypsum or the like) to form therewith a
homogeneous and resistible compound material I either first prepare the mineral
material by mixing it with water, and stirring in the usual and well known manner
and subsequently add thereto the metal hair or fibres or metal wool, thereupon
stirring the entire mass, and thus thoroughly mixing the one material with the
other, or I apply the fibrous metal substance or metal wool to the ready prepared

page_text: plastic material when forming the ceilings, flooring or other parts of buildings
therefrom, by inserting alternating layers of the metal hair or fibres or metal wool
between layers of the plastic material. In the latter case I may also, in employing
the compound material for ceilings, vaultings and similar purposes, construct only
those portions which are most subjected to strains, that is to say the portions near
the inner and outer surfaces with the improved compound inaterial and form the
intermediate, or neutral portion, which is not so much exposed to the action of
strains, of a stratum of the mineral binding material alone, such as concrete, for
instance.
The improved compound building material produced by thus uniting the metal |
hair or fibre or metal wool with the mineral binding material may, in certain
respects, be compared with a hemp rope, in manufacturing which the several fibres
are united to form a single solid and resistible rope, inasmuch as in my improved
building material the several metal hairs or fibres contained together in the binding
material likewise become similarly "felted" among each other so as to form an
inseparable homogeneous mass. This felting action is moreover, assisted and made
permanent by the oxidation of the particles of metal. I may therefore in some
cases accelerate such oxidation artificially by the employment of any of the well
known means.
My improved compound building material prepared as above described possesses
the quality of being not only highly resistible against pressure and strains but of
being at the same time, very little subject to wear, in fact, it is almost indestructible
as compared with other materials heretofore employed for similar purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I :
claim is :-
First. A compound building material consisting of a mineral binding material of
any of the well known kinds (such as concrete gypsum, cement or the like) in
combination with metallic hairs or fibres united therewith to form a coherent and
homogeneous mass, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Second. The method of making a compound building material and forming parts
of buildings therefrom by first uniting with a mineral binding material of any of
the well known kinds (such as concrete, gypsum cement or the like) metallic
wool hairs or fibres so as to form therewith a coherent and homogeneous mass, and
subsequently forming ceilings floorings walls or other parts of buildings out of the
said mass, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Third. The method of making a compound building material and forming parts
of bul lings therefrom by applying a layer or layers of a mineral binding material
of any cf the well known kinds (such as concrete gypsum cement and the like)
while forming ceilings, floorings walls or other parts of buildings therefrom and
applying to and between the said layers of binding material alternating layers of
metallic wool hairs or fibres and thus uniting the said metal fibres and the binding
material to form a coherent and homogeneous mass, substantially as and for the
purpose described.
Dad thin 15th Co of Fab 1800
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.