An Improved Combined Clod Crushing, Sowing, and Harrowing Apparatus.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 30th July, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 30th Apr., 1891-Accepted, 30th May, 189!
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Combined Clod Crushing, Sowing, and Harrowing
Apparatus.
I JOHN CALLISTER of Ballanhias Foxdale in the Isle of Man Builder do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to produce and provide for use an extremely
efficient combined clod crushing sowing and harrowing apparatus.
To carry out this object I make a suitable frame of metal or other material and
of the desired shape and size and at or near the front end of this frame 1 mount a
roller of the desired size which preferably extends right across the frame and can
very conveniently be divided into two or more parts which can in this case revolve
separately on the one axle or may be otherwise fitted in any usual manner.
the periphery of this roller are secured in any convenient manner in the desired
order or arrangement a number of knives or cutters or other appliances extending
radially from this periphery. This roller so fitted constitutes the clod crushing
apparatus.
On
Before or behind or both before and behind this roller is or are mounted on the
frame one or more hoppers which can be fitted with any usual and suitable
appliances for delivering the seed or other material thereout and regulating such
delivery which appliances could be driven or actuated in the ordinary manner from
and by the roller or the axle thereof. This hopper or these hoppers so fitted
constitutes or constitute the sowing apparatus.
The extreme rear end of the frame is supported by one or more small wheels
the spindle or spindles whereof are fitted with goose necks on the frame.
Between the trailing wheel or wheels and the roller are the harrows which may
be made of any convenient style and description and of any suitable form and I
preferably use two separate harrows both of which may extend entirely or partially
across the frame while one is before the other. These harrows are hung from
two or more bars mounted longitudinally in the upper part of the frame and these
bars are preferably cranked or otherwise so fitted with such appliances that the
harrows can be elevated or depressed in respect of the frame and when the harrows
are at their desired level these bars or the appliances thereon can be clamped
in any usual manner in such position. In the lower part of the frame is longi-
tudinally mounted a cranked or other shaft which can be driven and revolved
through any spur gearing or in other ordinary manner from and by the roller or
the axle thereof and this cranked or other shaft is connected with the harrows
in such wise as to make the same move or swing transversely to the line of the
length of the frame and when there are as aforesaid two harrows they are
preferably caused so to swing or move alternately. This harrow or these harrows
so fitted constitutes or constitute the harrowing apparatus.
The whole combined apparatus may be drawn along by animal power in which
case the usual or other pole and other suitable appliances are provided for the
animal or animals or may be moved by steam or other power in which case the
engine and boiler or other appliances can be mounted on the frame and the power
can be applied to the roller or the axle thereof or in other usual and convenient
manner this power can cause the apparatus to move and in every case when
necessary a proper seat or platform can be provided for the driver. The turning
or steering of the apparatus can if desired be effected by the trailing wheel or
wheels in any convenient manner.
When desired a sowing-hopper can be mounted on the frame behind the harrows

page_text: being fitted and driven or actuated in the same manner as the hopper or hoppers
aforesaid.
One or more metal bands or separate peripheries may be placed and secured in
any convenient manner round the roller outside the ends of the aforesaid projections
therefrom when this apparatus is to be taken on a road or elsewhere as may be
desired.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Combined Clod Crushing, Sowing, and Harrowing
Apparatus.
I JOHN CALLISTER of Ballanhias Foxdale in the Isle of Man Builder do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object of this my invention is to produce and provide for use an extremely
efficient convenient and suitable combined clod crushing sowing and harrowing
apparatus.
In order the more clearly to explain this my invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed 1 refer to the accompanying drawings wherein Figure 1 is a
side elevation of my improved combined clod crushing sowing and harrowing
apparatus. Figure 2 is a plan of the same. Figure 3 is an elevation of the front
or leading end of the same and Figure 4 is an elevation of the rear or following end
of the same.
I make a suitable frame A of metal or other convenient material and of the
desired shape and size and style.
At or near the front end of the frame A is transversely mounted a roller B of
the desired size which preferably extends entirely across the frame A. and I can very
conveniently as is shewn in the drawings divide this roller B into two or it may be
even more parts which can revolve separately on the one axle or it may be
otherwise fitted in any usual manner. On the periphery of the roller B are
preferably secured in any convenient manner and in the desired order or arrange-
ment a number of knives or cutters or other similar and suitable appliances C
which extend and project radially from and out of this periphery. This roller
constitutes the clod crushing apparatus.
In the desired position or positions on the frame and either before or behind or
both before and behind the roller is or are mounted one or more hoppers or receptacles
which can be fitted with any usual and suitable appliances for delivering the seed
or other material thereout and for regulating such delivery which appliances
could be driven or actuated in any ordinary manner from and by the roller or it
may be the axle thereof. I shew in the drawings one hopper D mounted on the
frame A before the roller B and the delivering appliances in this hopper D
which are not shewn as they may be of any ordinary character and style are driven
or actuated from a friction pulley E secured on the end or side of the roller B
whereon one of a pair of pulleys El secured on the same shaft can be pressed by
a bell crank lever mounted in the proper position on the frame A while the other
pulley E of this pair is connected by an endless band with a pulley E2 on
the shaft of the delivering appliances by which arrangement it is obvious that
the delivering appliances can be driven or actuated and can be disconnected or
unactuated as and when desired and this is extremely convenient. This hopper
or these hoppers constitutes or constitute the sowing apparatus.
The extreme rear end of the frame A is supported by one or more small rollers
or wheels G the fork or forks whereof can conveniently be fitted with goose necks
to engage in proper sockets G¹ on the frame A and are preferably so constructed

page_text: in any usual manner as to be adjustable in such wise that this rear end of the
frame A can be raised and lowered as and when desired.
Between the trailing wheel or wheels G and the roller B are the transverse
harrows H which may be made of any convenient style and description and of any
suitable form and shape and I preferably as is shewn in the drawings use two
separate harrows H and H' which may extend entirely across the frame A
parallel with each other while one is before the other and suitable stays J can be
fitted thereto to stiffen and to maintain the shape of these harrows H. The
harrows H and H₁ are hung by rods K and K from preferably two bars L mounted
longitudinally in the upper part of the frame A which bars L can most conveniently
be cranked as is shewn in the drawings or may be otherwise so fitted in any usual
manner and with such ordinary appliances that the harrows H can be elevated or
depressed in respect of the frame A. as and when desired and on the ends of the
bars Land L are fitted arms M and M' which are connected together by a rod N
and the one arm M¹ can be prolonged to act as an handle and thereto can be fitted
in the usual manner a sliding catch or pawl P which can engage an ordinary
rack P provided therefor by which arrangement the harrows can simultaneously
be elevated or depressed evenly and horizontally and can be retained in such
position as is desired. On and along the lower part of the frame A and preferably
outside of and below the same is longitudinally mounted a cranked or other shaft Q
which can very conveniently be and preferably is driven and revolved through spur
gearing a spur wheel R being secured on the end or side of the roller B and a
spur pinion R' being secured on the end of the shaft Q and the shaft Q can most
conveniently be divided in this position being fitted with an ordinary coupling S
actuated and governed by an handle S' mounted in the proper position on the
frame A. On the cranks or the other similar and suitable appliances of the
shaft Q are fitted connecting rods T the other ends whereof are connected with the
harrows H preferably as is shewn in the drawings being fitted on the central
stays thereof and when there are as is herein before described two separate
harrows and therefore two cranks or other appliances of and in or on the shaft these
cranks or other appliances are arranged oppositely by which arrangement it is
obvious that when the shaft Q so fitted and arranged is revolved the harrows H
and H are caused by the connecting rods T and T¹ to swing or move alternately
to the right and left and transversely to the line of the length of the frame A. To
support the harrows II in position and to maintain the same against the forward
movement of the whole apparatus preferably two stays V and V₁ are provided
the ends whereof are attached to the rear part of the frame A. and on these
stays and V₁ in the proper and necessary positions are the broad and large
bearing surfaces W and W where against rollers X and X¹ mounted on the sides
of the framing of the harrows H and H¹ engage and bear and these surfaces are of
such a length and depth and all the parts are so constructed and arranged that the
rollers in and during the swing or movement hereinbefore described of the harrows
and whatever may be the elevation or depression also hereinbefore described of the
same shall always engage and bear against these stays. This harrow or these
harrows constitutes or constitute the harrowing apparatus.
It is very convenient to provide a seat Y on the frame A for the driver where-
under a platform could extend across the frame A and the whole combined
apparatus may be drawn along by animal power in which case the usual or other.
pole Z and other ordinary and suitable appliances are provided for the animal or
animals or it may be moved by steam or other power in which case the engine and
boiler or other apparatus can be mounted on the frame and the power can be applied
to the roller or to the axle thereof in the ordinary manner or by any other usual and
convenient means this power can cause the apparatus to move and the turning or
steering of the same can in all cases be effected if and when desired by the trailing
wheel or wheels in any convenient manner and by and through any usual and
ordinary or other means and appliances.
One or more metal or other bands or separate peripheries may be placed and

page_text: secured in any convenient manner round, the roller ontside the ends of the
projections therefrom if any herein before described when this apparatus is to be
taken on a road or elsewhere as may be desired or these knives or cutters or other
appliances hereinbefore described may be so constructed and fitted as to be readily
and easily and quickly attachable to and detachable from the periphery of the
roller and it is obvious that on the same occasions the harrows can be elevated
quite off the ground and by the disconnection of the coupling need not be swung
or moved.
When desired for and on account of any particular seed or otherwise a sowing
hopper can be mounted behind the harrows being fitted and driven or actuated in
manner hereinbefore described.
I have thus described and I have shewn in the accompanying drawings what I
consider to be a most convenient and suitable form and style of construction of this
my combined apparatus and of the several parts thereof and also very efficient and
effective methods and details of actuating and fitting and arranging the rame but
I would have it clearly understood that I do in no wise limit myself thereto for this
my combined apparatus and all the several parts thereof may be made of such forms
and styles and such methods and details of actuating and fitting and arranging
the saine may be observed and followed as may be desirable or necessary or
preferable in each particular case.
(
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The arrangement and combination of parts and appliances constituting my com-
bined clod crushing sowing and harrowing apparatus substantially as hereinbefore
described and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
Dand 20th day of il 1901