Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Feb., 1888
Complete Left, 24th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 18th May, 1888
JOHN AYNSLEY, JOSEPH CHEW, FREDERICK JOHN RIDGWAY, JAMES AYNSLEY
CHEW, and JOSEPH AYNSLEY, Trading as H. Aynsley & Co. Earthenware
Manufacturers, Longton, Staffordshire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
Our invention has reference to that class of ovens, used by potters, for baking or
firing articles of pottery ware and our said invention has for its object an improved
method of arranging the bags and flues of same, whereby we are enabled to obtain a
more even temperature throughout the oven, than is attained by the ordinary mode or
modes adopted.
According to the present method, the bags for distributing the heat in potters' ovens
are built close against the outer wall; the regulating flues being simply apertures
left in the wall of oven and opposite the bags, said apertures being fitted with suitable
regulating appliances.
The chief objections to the above plan are, that the ovens are not of an even tem-
perature throughout, and that a great portion of the heat issuing from the bags is
absorbed by the wall.
:
Our invention consists in constructing detached or isolated bags which we build at
convenient distances from the oven wall; and also in the arrangement of the fire flues
underneath oven bottom, said flues being so constructed that the heat passing through
them may be split up or distributed by which means we not only obtain a more
even temperature throughout the oven, but, being able to surround the bags with
saggars" containing the articles to be fired, utilise a greater portion of the heat
than heretofore. By arranging the bags according to our invention we are also
enabled to place the saggars uninterruptedly round the outer or largest portion of
oven, and, in consequence we are able to put a greater number of saggars in an oven
50 constructed, than has hitherto been practicable.
"
In order to regulate the heat of said ovens, we build air flues from the outside, to
connect with the bags, said regulating flues being fitted with suitable appliances to
govern the amount of air passing through them.
Dated thin 12th day of Wahmuar 1000
BILLINGTON & NEWTON,
Vulcan Works, Longport, Staffordshire,
Agents for Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ovens for Baking or Firing Pottery Ware.
JOHN AYNSLEY, JOSEPH CHEW, FREDERICK JOHN RIDGWAY, JAMES AYNSLEY
CHEW, and JOSEPH AYNSLEY, Trading as H. Aynsley and Co., Earthenware Manu-
facturers, Longton, Staffordshire do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in, and by the following statement :-
Our invention has reference to that class of ovens used by Potters for baking or
firing articles of pottery ware and our said invention has for its object an improved
method of arranging the bags and flues of same, whereby we are enabled to obtain a
more even temperature throughout the oven than is attained by the ordinary mode or.
modes adopted.
According to the present method the bags for distributing the heat in potters' ovens
are built close against the outer wall; the regulating flues being simply apertures
left in the wall of ovens and opposite the bags, said apertures being fitted with suitable
regulating appliances.
The chief objections to the above plan are that the ovens are not of an even tempe-
rature throughout, and that a great portion of the heat issuing from the bags is absorbed
by the wall.
Our invention consists in constructing detached or isolated bags which we build at
convenient distances from the oven wall; and also in the arrangement of the fire flues
underneath oven bottom, said flues being so constructed that the heat passing through.
them may be split up or distributed by which means we not only obtain a more
even temperature throughout the oven, but being able to surround the bags with
saggars containing the articles to be fired utilise a greater portion of the heat than
heretofore. By arranging the bags according to our invention we are also enabled.
to place the saggars uninterruptedly round the outer or largest portion of oven, and,
in consequence we are able to put a greater number of saggars in an oven so con-
structed, than has hitherto been practicable. In order to regulate the heat of said.
ovens, we build air flues from the outside to connect with the bags said regulating
flues being fitted with suitable appliances to govern the amount of air passing.
through them.
To explain our invention more clearly we will proceed to describe same with
reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate different views of that,
portion of an oven affected by our invention. The same letters refer to the corre
sponding parts in each figure. Fig. 1 is a sectional plan underneath oven bottom
shewing the arrangement of fire flues. Fig. 2 is a half vertical section passing through
one of the bags, and Fig. 3 is a sectional plan shewing the arrangement of the bags
and side flues.
A is the oven wall B the door way which may be bricked up whilst the oven is
being fired, C. are the fire grates a suitable number of which are built round the
periphery of wall A and in such a position that the bottom of oven forms the top of

page_text: firegrates. D are the bags a corresponding number of which are built at convenient
distances from wall A and in communication with said fire grates C. E are the fire
flues also in communication with fire grates C so that the heat may pass underneath
oven bottom and be thoroughly distributed or split up; the arrangement of said flues
being clearly shewn in fig. 1 which as before mentioned is a plan underneath oven
bottom, will not require further explanation. F and G are the regulating flues,
F being shewn in dotted lines, said flues consist of air channels to supply air to bags D.
The appliances for governing the amount of air passing through said regulating flues
being of the ordinary description and fitted to that end of the flue nearest the atmo-
sphere so as to be under the control of the fireman or attendant who manipulates them
as follows-when he desires to heat the top portion of oven more than the lower,
he opens flues F and closes flues G which causes the heat to pass through the bags
and to top portion of oven. When he requires to raise the temperature of the lower
portion of oven, flues G are opened whilst F are closed, which causes a great portion
of the heat to pass through flues E underneath oven bottom and into the interior of
oven through side flues H and well hole I. Although only a few side flues H are
shewn in the drawings, any convenient number may be provided as desired.
Ovens constructed according to our invention will also be more durable than those
of the ordinary type with the bags built against the wall, as the intence heat issuing
froin the bags will be directed upon the saggars containing the articles to be fired,
instead of being absorbed by the oven wall which often required repairing through
being burned.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1. In ovens of the class hereinbefore mentioned. The method of arranging the
bags D so as to be detached or isolated from the oven wall, substantially as and for
the purpose herein set forth.
2. The mode of arranging the fire and regulating flues, substantially as, and for the
purpose herein described and illustrated by the annexed drawings.
Dated this 23rd day of March 1888
BILLINGTON & NEWTON,
Vulcan Works, Longport, Staffordshire,
Agents for Applicants.