Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Jan., 1887
Complete Left, 17th Sept., 1887
Complete Accepted, 17th Jan., 1888
I, WILLIAM BROOKS SAYERS of 24 Glycena Road, Lavender Hill, London S.W
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The present invention consists in the construction of a disc armature for dynamo
electric machines or motors in which the active portion of the conductor occupies
central position in a mass of laminated or subdivided iron, or is partially enveloped in
a mass of laminated or subdivided iron.
I n
2
The coils or conductors are wound somewhat after the manner known as the Siemons
Alteneck method but differing in the following respects:-For convenience of com-
parison consider the disc to be a very short cylinder. Instead of crossing the surface
of the cylinder in a direction parallel or approximately parallel to the axis as in the
Siemens Alteneck method, the conductors pass around from say 150° to 210° of the
periphery; but preferably around about 180°. Again instead of crossing the two
ends of the cylinder in alternation, the conductor may cross the same end
times
in succession, a representing the number of turns given to each section and n the
number of sections into which the coils are divided. It will then pass to the other
end-taking a spiral direction over the surface of the cylinder-and cross
180° or thereabouts of the periphery being traversed between each crossing of the
ends. The ends of the conductor are joined so as to make a continuous circuit in the
ordinary way.
x n
2
times.
Segment shaped spaces are formed by the conductors; these are filled in with thin
iron plates varnished on their surfaces or alternating with paper or other insulating
material. The divisions between the plates must be parallel with the axis but other-
wise their direction is unimportant so long as they are well insulated. I prefer to
make them also concentric with the periphery of the armature, and to make them
somewhat longer than the depth of the radial portion of the conductors measured
parallel with the axis and the projecting ends broader than the part which lies against
the conductors, so that a nearly continuous surface is formed by the edges of iron and
I Prive 8d1

page_text: paper and the conductors are hidden from view except around the periphery. The
plates may be secured and the armature rendered a rigid disc by radial bolts passing
through holes in the plates and fixed or screwed into a central cylinder of gunmetal
or brass having slots or holes cut in it through which the conductors pass; the latter
being arranged on the inside of the cylinder so as to leave space for the spindle. The
armature is mounted on the spindle by means of two end plates or dome shaped
mountings turned to fit the ends of the cylinder, one being fixed on the shaft the
other loose and provided with a nut by means of which it may be forced along the
shaft so as to clamp the cylinder securely by its two ends.
In another form of the invention the conductor is secured to a frame of gunmetal
consisting of a central hub or cylinder with radial spokes and a rim or tire. In order
to avoid wasteful currents in the frame the rim or tire is made in insulated sections or
is sawn through between the spokes. The segment shaped spaces are filled with pieces
of iron wire laid parallel with the axis and packed together very closely, the length of
the pieces of wire being equal to the required thickness of the armature. Or,
may
cut the iron wires rather longer than I wish to make the thickness of the armature
when finished and then slightly bend the ends towards and over the adjacent con-
ductors. It will then be necessary to true the surfaces formed by the ends of tho
iron wires by means of an emery bob or other suitable appliance.
I may secure the conductor, at points where two or more parts cross or run alongsido
each other upon itself, in a sufficiently rigid manner to enable me to dispense or partly to
dispense with framing; that is to say, I may make the conductor in such a manner as
to constitute entirely or partly the framework of the armature. I may substitute iron
plates similar to those herein before described in place of the iron wires in this form of
the invention. Instead of making the connections to the commutator sections between
the sections of the conductor as is usual in dynamo machines I may make them in the
middle or near the middle of each section of the latter, the result obtained by so doing
is that instead of one entire section of the coils being shortcircuited when two
adjacent sections of the commutator are under the brush, a part of each of two
sections of the coils will be shortcircuited, and the brushes may be set so that this
occurs when the E.M.F. generated in the part of one section tends to produce a
current in the opposite direction to that generated in the part of the other section,
thus the wasteful current generated and the sparking at the brushes may be reduced
to a minimum. This part of the invention may be applied to other types of armatures
including the drum and ring types.
The poles of the field magnets are four in number and arranged so that the magnetic
lines of force pass through the disc in a direction parallel with the axis and their
direction through one half of the active part opposite to the direction through the
other half. The armature may run very close to the pole pieces without danger of
heating the latter and as the polar area may conveniently be made very large the exci-
ting force required is very small.
"f may employ six or eight or more poles and an increased number of field magnets.
The arc traversed by the conductors on the periphery of the armature will be in
inverse proportion to the number of poles.
Dated thin 17th I
C
1007

page_text: COMT LUMIE DI MULTICATION.
Disc Dynamo Electric Machines and Motors.
1, WILLIAM BROOKS SAYERS, Electrical Engineer, of 231 Monument Road
Birmingham, late of 21 Glycena Road Lavender Hill, London, S. W. do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
In
2
I n
2
The present invention consists in the construction of a disc armature for dynamo
electric machines or motors in which the active portion of the conductor occupies a
central position in a mass of subdivided or laminated iron. The coils or conductors
are wound substantially in the manner known as the Siemens' Altenick method
but differing in the following details. For convenience of comparison consider
the disc to be a very short cylinder. Instead of crossing the surface of the cylinder in
a direction parallel or approximately parallel to the axis as in the Siemens Altenick
method, the conductors pass around from say 150° to 210° of the periphery but
preferably around about 180°. Again, instead of crossing the two ends of the cylinder
in alternation the conductor may cross the sanie end
times in succession, a repre-
senting the number of turns given to each section and n the number of sections into
which the coils are divided. It will then pass to the other end-taking a spiral
direction over the surface of the cylinder-and cross times, 180° or therabouts, of
the periphery being traversed between each crossing of the ends. The ends of the
conductor are joined so as make a continuous circuit in the ordinary way. I prefer
to construct the winding or metallic circuit of the armature upon a wooden frame
which can be removed when the winding is completed. Sector shaped spaces are
formed by the conductors; these are filled in with thin iron plates varnished on their
surfaces or alternating with paper or other insulating material. The divisions between
the plates must be parallel with the axis but otherwise their direction is unimportant
so long as they are well insulated. I prefer to make them concentric with the
periphery of the armature but for simplicity of construction I may make them straight
and tangential to the curve. The plates are somewhat longer than the depth of the
radial portion of the conductors measured parallel with the axis and the projecting
ends broader than the part which lies against the conductors, so that a nearly
continuous surface is formed by the edges of iron and paper, and the conductors
hidden from view except around the periphery.
The plates may be secured and the armature rendered a rigid disc by radial
bolts passing through holes in the plates and fixed or screwed into a central cylinder
of gunmetal or brass having slots or holes cut in it through which the conductors
pass; the latter being arranged on the inside of the cylinder so as to leave space
for the spindle. The armature is mounted on the spindle by means of two end plates
or dome shaped mountings turned to fit the ends of tho cylinder, one being fitted on
the shaft, the other loose and provided with a nut by means of which it may be forced
along the shaft so as to clamp the cylinder securely by its two ends. In another form

page_text: of the invention the conductor is secured to a frame of gunmetal or other material
consisting of a central hub or cylinder with radial spokes and a rim or tire. In order
to avoid wasteful currents in the frame the rim or tire is made in insulated segments
or is sawn through between the spokes. The sector shaped spaces are filled with pieces
of iron wire parallel with the axis and packed together very closely, the length of the
pieces of wire being equal to the required thickness of the armature, or I
may cut
the iron wires rather longer than I wish to make the thickness of the armature when
finished and then slightly bend the ends towards and over the adjacent conductors. It
will then be necessary to true the surfaces formed by the ends of the iron wires by
means of an emery bob or other suitable appliance.
I may secure the conductor at points where two or more parts cross-or run along-
side each other, upon itself, in a sufficiently rigid manner to enable me to dispense or
partly to dispense with framing; that is to say, I may make the conductor in such a
manner as to constitute entirely, or partly, the framework of the armature.
I may substitute iron plates similar to those hereinbefore described in place of the
iron wires in this form of the invention.
The poles of the field magnets are four in number and arranged so that the magnetic
lines of force pass through the disc in a direction parallel with the axis and their
direction through one half of the armature must be opposite to the direction through
the other half.
The armature may run very close to the pole pieces without danger of heating the
latter, and as the polar area may conveniently be made very large the exciting force
required by the magnets is small in comparison with other machines.
I may employ six or eight or more poles and an increased number of field magnets,
the arc traversed by the conductors on the periphery of the armature will be in
inverse proportion to the number of poles.
I will now proceed to describe the invention with reference to the accompanying
drawings. Fig. 1, represents an end view of a disc armature constructed according
to my invention. Fig. 2, is an edge view. Fig. 3, is a curved section of the armature
taken through the dotted line A. B. Fig. 1. Fig. 4, is a sido elevation showing the
arrangement of the field magnets. a, a, a, Fig. 1, represent sector shaped pieces of
luminated or sub-divided iron which are continued round the whole circle. The
separate sheets of these pieces alternate with thin tissue paper and are held together
by an iron strap with an insulated joint at the outer end-b, b, b, and the sector shaped
pieces themselves are secured in position by means of two gunmetal or brass dome shaped
clamps e, c, the edges of which clip the inner ends of the straps and which are turned
to fit the shaft. One of the clamps takes a bearing against a shoulder on the shaft
and is prevented from turning round by a feather; and the other is forced up by
two nuts fitting on a threaded part of the shaft as shown. Steel pins d, d, d. pass
through the looped ends of the straps and the ends of the pins fit into holes made to
receive them in the edges of the clamps. The edges of the holes and also the ends of
the pins are slightly chamfered and the holes set slightly towards the centre, so that
when the clamps are screwed up the sections of the disc are drawn tightly together.
The winding hereinbefore described is first prepared and the sector shaped pieces put
together in position and the whole secured by means of the gunmetal clamp c. c. To facili-
tate putting together, a number of plates at the outer ends of the sector shaped pieces are
sawn into three pieces as shown at k, k, k, the sides are then filled in first, a strip
of insulating material such as vulcanized fibre is then placed against the sawn ends,
and the central pieces are then wedged tightly in. Fig. 3. is a curved section of the
armature on a much larger scale taken through the dotted line A. B. Fig. 1. The
active portions of the conductors are shown in section at e, e, e, e. The sections of
the iron straps are shown at f, fffff, the thick black lines around the straps and
conductors represent vulcanized fibre, asbestos, or other insulating material. 9,9, are
the pieces of laminated iron which are made broader at the ends h, h, h, h, so as to
overlap the conductors and increase the effective magnetic surfaces of the armature,
and thus lessen the magnetic resistance of the air space. N, S, respresent the
magnet poles.

page_text: Instead of employing the straps fffff, the laminated iron sector shaped pieces
may be secured together and in position by means of radial bolts as indicated by dotted
lines J. J, (Fig. 3.) in which case their inner ends are screwed into a gunmetal or
brass cylinder which is slotted for the conductors to pass through and secured by its
two ends between the clamps c, c, Figs. 1. & 2.
The dotted lines N S. N. S. Fig. 4. show the arrangement of the magnetic circuit.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In disc dynamo machines or motors, arranging the active portion of the
armature conductors in a central position between sector shaped pieces of laminated
or subdivided irons as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
11. Making the sector shaped pieces of laminated or subdivided iron of greater
depth than the depth of the conductors and extending the projecting parts so as to
overlap the same, substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
III. Making disc armatures for dynamo electric machines or motors in which the
active portions of the conductor pass through radial channels in or between the mass
or masses of laminated or subdivided iron, substantially as described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
IV. In disc armatures for dynamo electric machines or motors, making the mass or
masses of subdivided or laminated iron to overlap or cover the conductors so as to.
présent to the polar surfaces of the field magnets a continuous or nearly continuous
surface of subdivided or laminated iron, as and for the purpose described.
-
Dated this 16th day of September 1887.