IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ALCOHOL AND OF ALCOHOLIC SOLUTIONS OF COLOURING MATTERS AND OTHER PRINCIPLES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Johan Henri Loder of Leiden (Holland) for an Invention
of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ALCOHOL AND OF ALCOHOLIC
SOLUTIONS OF COLOURING MATTERS AND OTHER PRINCIPLES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Johan Henri Loder at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th April 1883.
JOHAN HENRI LODER of Leiden (Holland) IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF ALCOHOL AND OF ALCOHOLIC SOLUTIONS OF COLORING MATTERS AND
OF OTHER PRINCIPLES
By these improvements it is proposed-Firstly to obtain from a solution of
Sugar or Glucose mixed with aromatic compounds as those of Phloroglucine
catechine resorcin orcin and of Phenolic acid and with nitric acid and iron salts by
fermentation an alcoholic solution of other compounds Secondly to obtain in that
manner from potatoes alcohol without the taste of fusle oils. Thirdly to obtain
yeast without the use of albuminous matters
The substances preferred are Morintannic acid or quercetine, resorcine, trinitro-
resorcin extract of orchilla paste, mononitrophenols monaaidophenols trinitro-
phenol, anilin, nitric acid, azotates of potassium or of ammonium tartrate of iron
sulfocyanate of potassium or of ammonium methylamines recinoleic and linoleic
acid phosphoric acid chalk and magnesia
The red coloring matters to be obtained may be divided in the following
classes.
No. 1 Colouring matters obtained by the use of 10 gramms of dry extract of
orchella paste 5 gramms of Salpetre and 5 gramms of tartaric acid with erythro-
glucin or with 25 gramms of morintannic acid on 1000 gramms of glucose
No. 2 Colouring matters obtained by the use of 5 gramms of resorcin 5 gramms
of Salpetre 10 gramms of dry extract of orchella paste and 5 gramms of Tartario
acid on 1000 gramins of glucose,

page_text: No. 3. Colouring matters obtained by the use of 4 gramms of trinitroresorcino
and of 10 gramms of dry extract of orchella paste on 1000 gramms of glucose
No. 4 Colouring matters obtained by the use of 10 gramms of dry extract of
Orchella paste 6 gramms of paramononitrophenol and of 12 gramms of morintannic
acid with or without 4 gramms of tartrate of iron on 1000 gramms of Sugar
By producing the colouring matters of No. 3 and No. 4 in one mash in the
proportion of 2 to one and if iron is used a compound of them is obtained.
The substances mentioned are simply mixed with the glucosic solution before
fermentation is promoted.
The quantities given report to 1000 gramms of Sugar or Glucose to be
transformed in Alcohol
These quantities may be quadrupled if instead of a solution of sugar a mash of
grain is employed. In that case instead of azotates nitric acid is preferred there
may be used of that acid 1 grain on 6 gramms of albuminous matter of the flour
That nitric acid with 00.8 gramms of tartrate of iron on 1000 gramms of flour is
boiled with the mash during 20 or 30 minutes the other substances are addod after
cooling.
This boiling with nitric acid and the use of iron is at the same time an improve-
ment in the manufacture of alcohol as the substances producing the fusle oils are
oxydated during fermentation in that manner. Instead of nitric acid on 6 gramms
of albuminous matter of the flour gramm of trinitrophenol may be used. The
use of iron is not only of importance for the shade of colour obtained if catechines
have been employed but also by its action during fermentation on nitrified
principles and on the sulphur contained in albuminous matters. If iron with nitric
acid are employed with a mash of grain there may be produced with orthomononi-
trophenol or with morintannic acid other compounds like Vanilln and of
paramonoamidophenol and anilin is employed salicyn and benroyl aldehydines and
methylic compounds of them may be obtained
There may be used 1 gramm of one of those substances on 100 gramms of
albuminous inatter contained in the flour. That quantity may be increased till 4
gramins on 1000 grammis of flour if there is added also 4 gramms of sulfocyanate of
potassium and 4 gramms of tartrate of methylamine
All the other operations used in the manufacture of alcohol from amylaceous
matter are not changed.
To obtain yeast without the use of albuminous matter there may be employed
60 grammis of tartrate of ammonium 40 gramms of azotate of ammonium 4 gramins
of phosphoric Salpetre 0.6 gramms of magnesia 0.07 gramms of Chalk 0.2 gramms
of tartrate of iron 3.5 gramms of ricinoleic and of lineolic acid 12 gramms of tartrate
of ancilin or of paramonoamidophenol 6 gramms of sulfocyanate of potassium
3 gramms of tartrate of methylamine or 6 grainms of tartrate of triniethylamine
12 grams of aldehydine and of acetone on 1000 gramms of glucose and a great
quantity of water. The fermentation is promoted by a small quantity of yeast
Potash magnesia and chalk may be also used in the form of oxalates and the iron
as sulphureted iron and at the same time may be added ten grams of Sugar of
milk and 10 gramms of glycerine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Johan Henri Loder in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th September 1883.
JOHAN HENRI LODER of Leiden (Holland)
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF ALCOHOL AND OF ALCOHOLIC SOLUTIONS OF COLORING MATTERS AND
OTHER PRINCIPLES
"
By these improvements it is proposed to obtain an alcoholic solution of colouring
matters, of vanilline of salicylaldehydine and of benzoylaldehydine by fermentation
of a glucosic solution with other aromatic compounds as those of phleroglucine,
catechine, resorcine, orcine and of phenolic acid and to obtain by the use of some of
those substances from potatoes an acohol without fusel oil.
Instead of phleroglucine and catechine, those substances are used, that, treated
with acids or with alkali are decomposed in those principles, it is practical
to separate the glucosic compounds of them first before using them in this
manufacture.
The substances preferred are morintannic acid, quercetine, resorcine, trinitro
resorcine, extract of orchella paste or orceine with or without erythroglucine
mononitrophenols, monoamidophenols, aniline, nitric acid nitrate of potassium or of
ainmonium, tartrate of iron, sulfocyanate of potassium or of ammonium methyla-
mine, vicinoleic and linoleic acid phosphate of chalk.
The substances mentioned except nitric acid are simply mixed with the glucosic
solution before fermentation is promoted. The nitric acid is used in a glucosic
solution containing albuminous matter and is boiled before.
Following red coloring matters may be obtained-N°. 1. Those produced by the
use of 10 grammes of dry extract of orchella paste-5 grammes of saltpetre and
5 grammes of tartaric acid with erythroglucine or with 12 grammes of morintannic
acid or of quercetine on 1000 grammes of glucose.-N° 2. Those produced by the
use of 5 grammes of resorcine 5 grammes of salt petre 5 grammes of morintannic
acid or of quercetine 10 grammes of dry extract of orchella paste on 1000 grammes
of glucose. N° 3. Those produced by the use of four grammes of trinitro resorcine
and 10 grammes of dry extract of orchella paste-N° 4 Those produced by the use
of 10 grammes of dry extract of orchella paste of 6 grammes of mononitrophenol
and of 12 grammes of morintannic acid or of quercetine-By producing the coloring
natters of N° 3 and of N° 4 in one mash in the proportion of 2 to 1 and if iron is
used a compound of them is obtained.
The quantities given reporting to 1000 grammes of glucose proposed to be
transformed in alcohol may be quadrupled if the mash contains albuminous matter.
In that case instead of nitrates nitric acid is used and there may be employed
1 gramme nitric acid of a density of 132. (or of 35 Raume) on 6 grammes of
albuminous matter of the mash
This nitric acid with 0.75 grammes of tartrate of iron on 1000 grammes of flour
is boiled from 20 to 30 minutes with the mash, the other principles are added
afterwards-This boiling with nitric acid is also an improvement in the manu-
facture of alcohol as the substances producing the fusil oil are oxygenated during
the fermentation. Instead of nitric acid on 6 grammes of albuminous matter of
the flour half grainmes of trinitrophenol may be used-The use of iron is not only
of importance for the shade of colour if catechines are employed but also by its
action during fermentation on nitrified principles and on the sulphur contained in
albuminous matters By the use of that iron with nitric acid it is possible to obtain
in a mash prepared from grain or in a glucosic solution containing other albuminous
matter of peas or the like from orthomononitrophenol or from morintannic acid

page_text: -
other compounds like vanilline and from monoamidophenol and aniline salieyl and
benzoylaldehydine with methylic compounds of these-From each of those
principles there may be used 1 gramme on 100 grammes of albuminous matter
contained in the mash. That quantity may be increased till 4 grammes on 1000
grammes of sugar or the like of these is added 4 grammes of sulfo cyanate of
potassium with or without 4 grammes of methylamine or of trunefhylamine-All
these substances may be developed or produced in one mash but it must be borne
in mind that the quantities given of saltpetre of nitric acid and of nitrified
principles are nearly maximal in the conditions mentioned-The shade of colour
and the constitution of each of the substances described depends principally on the
chemical constitution of the albuminous matters of the mash and then of the yeast
employed in other words on the sulphur they contain and on the products they
are decomposed into by the action of fermentation.
All mashes used to prepare alcohol may be used, however it is found practical
to take that of wheat for those of N° 3, the juice of betteraves for those of N° 4 and
the mash of potatoes to develope the other substances
It must be remarked still that it is advantageous to use always with the morin-
tannic acid or with the quercetine sulfocyankalium in the proportion of 1 gramme
sulfocyankalium on 28 grammes of morintannic acid or of quercetine, and to have
at the same time for those of N° 4 still 1 gr: betain or 0.5 grammes oxide of
ethylene.
It must be said that 0.75 grammes tartrate of iron on 1000 grammes of sugar is
sufficient to develope the different substances described but if there is at the same
time 0.25 tartrate of aluminium in the mash 0.25 tartrate of iron will do.
It is not necessary to promote the fermentation by a special yeast, that yeast
produced during the manufacture may be used. However it is found advantageous
to have for that purpose on 1000 grammes of glucose 5 grammes of a mixture of
ricinoleic and of linoleic acid and 5 grammes of phosphate of calcium in the mash―
All the other operations employed in the manufacture of alcohol from amglaceous
matters or that of alcoholic beverages from glucose solutions are not changed.
The alcoholic solutions of colouring matters herein before described may bo
employed as beverages; those of vanillin salicyl and benzoyl aldehydine have the
same use: The latter being produced in a mash of potatoes for themselves or
combinated with those of N° 1 or N° 2 may he employed in the manufacture of
white and sparkling beverages, or being distilled for the preparation of spirits-By
condensing in these spirits the products of distillation of tartaric acid at 200 celcius
and using until 4 grammes on 100 litres the value of those is much increased.
Having thus described the naturo of my invention and how the same may be
employed I would have it understood that what I do claim and desire to secure by
Letters Patent is :-
The use of catechines like morintannic acid quercetine, that of resorcine trinitro
resorcine, extract of orchella paste, mononitro phenols, mono amidophenols, trinitro
phenol, aniline, nitric acid, arotates, iron salts, sulfocyanates, methylamines ricinoleic
acid, phosphate of calcium in a glucosic solution to obtain from them by the act of
fermentation colouring matters vanilline benzoyl aldehydine salicylaldehydine and
to oxygenate the fusil oils during the fermentation-substantially as set forth
In witness whereof I the said Johan Henri Loder have hereunto set my hand
and seal the twenty fifth day of September in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.