Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 23rd Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 23rd Sept., 1887.
I JOHN SCUDAMORE SELLON of Hatton Garden in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for lighting and heating by
the consumption of gas and air by causing the gas to pass together with air through
a gauze or perforated cap or termination to the place of ignition such as is described
in the Specifications of Patents Nos. 1665 of 1881, 1403 of 1882, 105 of 1883 and
3984 of 1884 granted to James Lewis.
These caps or terminations as hitherto employed are usually made of platinum or
refractory earths and have more or less the defect of sagging and getting out of shape
after a short period of use and also gradually lose a considerable amount of their
power to become luminous-I overcome such defects in the following manner :-In
order to effect greater rigidity I corrugate flute or rib the cap or termination for
instance in the manufacture of an ordinary cone shaped platinum gauze cap or
termination I find it convenient and advantageous either to corrugate the whole
cone lengthways or as a spiral or to make it of two or more sections ribbed lengthways
with projecting edges or ridges so made that they may be burned together with an
Oxyhydrogen or other suitable flame or be so lapped or fixed as to remain firmly in
position. Preferably I use an alloy of Platinum and Iridium which being naturally
of greater hardness than pure platinum maintains its rigidity to an increased extent-
Such an alloy has also the property of retaining full luminosity for a much longer
period than the pure platinum which has hitherto been employed.
I may also harden the platinum or platinum alloy by heating it in the presence of
Carbon or of some of the earths such as Zirconia Oxide of Cerium Silica Magnesia
or Alumina or by exposing to a suitable flame or gas.
I may also invert the cap or termination so that it shall hang or be supported
downwards.

page_text: The apparatus so constructed may be used with proper air regulating adjustments
such as have been described in the Specifications of Patents granted to James Lewis
as aforesaid with or without the combination of Chimneys described by him or with
a single chimney adapted to the pressure of the gas in the mains-a perfectly steady
innocuous and economical light is thus obtained.
When I wish to employ such burners for heating purposes such for instance as for
heating rooms ovens foot warmers or the like I prefer partially or entirely (with the
exception of the necessary inlets and outlets for air) to surround them with or to
enclose them in metal chambers or cases-such for instance as I illustrate in the
drawings attached to the Specification of my Patent No. 4961 of 1883 for electrical
heating such cases being made preferably of a good conducting metal such as copper
or brass with upper compartments or tubes (with or without exterior jackets through
which the heated air must pass to its exit so as to obtain a large surface of metal
for the diffusion of heat. Such heaters may be made of ornamental design and in the
case of stoves for rooms may have apertures or openings fitted with glass or tale and
may be arranged with reflectors and colored materials to give an imitation of an
ordinary fire.
Through the perfect combustion of the gas by the use of apparatus according to my
Invention, and with such or analogous arrangements for concentrating and diffusing
the heat the utmost possible heating power and consequent economy are attained.
1
00
T
1000
J. HENRY JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London,
Agent for the said John Scudamore Sellon.

page_text: I JOHN SCUDAMORE SELLON of Hatton Garden in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for lighting and heating by
the consumption of gas and air by causing the gas to pass together with air through
a gauze or perforated cap or termination to the place of ignition the flame rendering
this gauze or perforated cap or termination incandescent.
a
In order to prevent these caps or terminations from " sagging" and getting out
of shape after a short period of use and gradually losing a considerable amount of
their power to become luminous I make the cap or termination rigid by corrugating
fluting or ribbing the gauze of which it is composed. For instance in making
cylindrical or cone shaped platinum gauze cap or termination. I find it convenient
and advantageous either to corrugate the whole cap lengthways or spirally or to make
it of two or more sections provided lengthways with projecting edges or ridges and
the contiguous edges or ridges of the sections may be burned together with an
oxyhydrogen or other suitable flame or be so lapped or fixed together as to form ribs
which will strengthen and retain the cap in proper shape and position. Preferably
I use for the cap or termination an alloy of platinum and iridium which being of
greater hardness than platinum maintains its rigidity to an increased extent. "The
proportions I prefer (but to which I do not limit myself) are platinum 80 parts and
iridium 20 parts. Such an alloy has also the property of retaining full luminosity for
a much longer period than the platinum alone. The use of iridium in alloy with
platinum will in some cases (such as with small caps or terininals) sufficiently
strengthen the cap or terminal without the use of strengthening ribs and the like.
I may invert the cap or termination so that it shall hang or be supported
downwards or it may be situated on a pedestal burner or in any other position.
The apparatus so constructed may be used with any suitable air regulating
adjustments with or without the use of a chimney or of chimneys adapted to the
pressure of the gas in the mains so that a steady innocuous and economical light is
obtained.
When I wish to employ such burners for heating purposes such for instance as for
heating rooms, ovens footwarmers or the like I prefer partially or entirely (with the
exception of the necessary inlets and outlets for air) to surround them with or to
enclose them in metal chambers or cases such cases being made preferably of a good
conducting metal such as copper or brass with upper compartments or tubes (with or
without exterior jackets) through which the heated air must pass to its exit so as to
obtain a large surface of metal for the diffusion of heat. Such heaters may be made

page_text: of ornamental design and in the case of stoves for rooms may have apertures or
openings fitted with glass or tale and may be arranged with reflectors and coloured
materials to give an imitation of an ordinary fire.
By the use of apparatus as described, the utmost possible heating power and
consequent economy are attained.
The accompanying drawing represents in sectional elevation a form of table lamp
with my improvements applied thereto for the purpose of illustrating my Invention,
but it is to be understood that the Invention is not limited to this or any particular
form. A is the lamp burner to which gas under pressure is supplied by a pipe B
passing through the column C of the lamp and provided with a cock D for regulating
as required the passage of gas to the burner. In the column C and below the outlet
of the gas pipe B are openings E through which air is admitted to the interior of the
column to mix with the gas in its passage to the burner and the amount of air
admitted may be governed by regulating the size of the openings by a covering ring
or by regulating the supply of gas according to the pressure of the gas. On the
burner AI fix a perforated or wire gauze cap or terminal F of the character herein-
before described, which, upon lighting the mixture of air and gas, becomes highly
heated and when in an incandescent state, emits a brilliant light.
In order to prevent the cap or terminal F from sagging or getting out of shape by
the great heat to which it is subjected I provide it with ribs or corrugations a,
extending lengthwise from top to bottom as shewn in Figure 1 and in the cross section
(drawn to a larger scale) Figure 2 or I may arrange the corrugations or ribs spirally
or otherwise if desired and for the purpose of further securing the durability of the
terminal I prefer to construct it of an alloy of platinum and iridium as hereinbefore
described and in certain cases as hereinbefore mentioned the use of iridium with the
platinum will enable the ribs or the like to be dispensed with.
Although I have illustrated on the drawing a conical cap or terminal I do not
restrict myself to that form as it is obvious that it may be made in a great number of
forms, for example it may be cylindrical rectangular, triangular or of any other
suitable form and it may be provided with a reflecting surface or reflecting surfaces to
reflect the light in desired direction.
any
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First In burners of the kind hereinbefore described whether used for lighting or
heating purposes a perforated or wire gauze cap or terminal composed of an alloy of
platinum and iridium as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
Second-In burners of the kind herein before described whether used for lighting
or heating purposes a platinum perforated or wire gauze corrugated ribbed or fluted
cap or terminal substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
Third :-In burners of the kind herein before described whether used for lighting or
heating purposes a perforated or wire gauze corrugated ribbed or fluted cap or
terminal composed of an alloy of platinum and iridium substantially as and for the
purpose hereinbefore described.
Dated this 22nd day of August 1887