IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORMING THE TEETH OF RASPS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORMING THE TEETH OF RASPS." A
communication from abroad by Alfred John Dobson, of the City and State of
New York, and Charles Frederick Mudge, of Brooklyn, New York, both in the
United States of America.
Sealed the 29th March 1878, and dated the 15th January 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th January 1878.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORMING
THE TEETH OF RASPS." [A communication from abroad by Alfred John Dobson,
of the City and State of New York, and Charles Frederick Mudge, of Brooklyn,
New York, both in the United States of America.]
The present Invention relates to machinery for cutting or punching the teeth of
rasps.
Ône essential feature of the said Invention consists in the peculiar construction
and combination of parts, whereby all kinds or varieties of rasps may have their
teeth formed in one machine by imparting to the tool that forms the teeth an
intermittent motion, and by the use of a simple thumbscrew in connection with
springs for regulating the force of the blow, and thereby providing any required
depth of tooth. The said tool is caused at the same time to travel back and forth
across the surface of the metallic bar or blank at any required distance in a vertical
plane, thereby producing any required width of rasp, the said tool being fed along
at regular and proper intervals by means of a ratchet wheel having acute angled or
V shaped teeth on its periphery. This wheel is actuated by a reversible pawl,
which allows the bed to be moved back or forth, and in connection with another
reversible pawl serves to keep the said ratchet wheel stationary, and prevents any
ID R71

page_text: rebound of the bed from the force of the blow of the tool, thereby ensuring
absolute accuracy with regard to the spaces between the indentations or teeth of the
rasp.
An important feature of this Invention in connection with the feeding apparatus
consists in giving the tool an intermittent motion at the moment of changing from
one longitudinal row or line of teeth to the next line, thereby forming the teeth of
one line in front of and between those of the former line, and forming teeth over the
surface of the blank, and producing great uniformity and regularity of the indenta-
tions or teeth on the surface of the same.
The said Invention also comprises an adjustable tool holder actuated by a trip
wheel, having on its periphery the required number of teeth or trips to give the neces-
sary number of blows to properly cover with indentations or teeth the surface of the
metallic bar or blank in connection with a spring yoke which has a horizontal slot
for allowing the tool holder to travel across the width of the bar or blank. The said
slot is so shaped as to catch the hammer or tool holder on the rebound without
impairing the force of its blow.
The said Invention also comprises a trip wheel having a narrow face arranged to
come in contact with a friction roller in a forked connection working on a fulcrum,
and connected with the forked part of the slotted spring yoke. The teeth of the
said trip wheel striking the friction roller in the said forked connection raise the
said spring yoke, and impart the required lifting motion to the tool holder, the said
forked connection being deflected by the teeth of the trip wheel after passing the
point of deflection, and being left entirely free allow the said spring yoke to fall
with additional force due to the action of the springs; thus the force of the blow. of
the tool will be regulated.
The necessary power is imparted from the driving shaft to the trip wheel shaft
by means of suitable gear wheels. On the trip wheel shaft is a sleeve having fixed
on one of its ends a gear wheel, through which the said sleeve is actuated, and on
its opposite end a wheel whose periphery has a V shaped aperture, the said aperture
acting like a screw in one direction for half its circumference, and in an opposite
direction for the other half. The said wheel revolves at half the speed of the trip
shaft, and is connected with a slotted bar working on a fulcrum at the lower end.
The said slotted bar has a roller on a stationary stud, the said roller being made of
suitable shape to run in the said V shaped aperture. Connected with the said
slotted bar on the opposite side is an adjustable stud with a friction roller. The
said stud imparts motion to a slotted yoke, which has a horizontal parallel move-
ment, being guided and supported by a shaft or shafts, one of which is utilized to
carry the back end of the tool holder. The latter works freely on the said shaft,
and is kept in position by collars or other suitable devices. By increasing the
distance of the stud and roller in the slotted bar from the fulcrum point the amount
of throw is increased, thus determining the traverse or lateral movement of the tool
holder, and accommodating it to the width of the metallic bar or rasp.
The said machine is provided with a stationary tang holder, having spring pins
and jamb nuts on the top and sides, thereby adjusting itself to various sized tangs,
and holding the blank in position during the process of punching or forming the
teeth. The said machine also has a movable blank holder or clamp extending
across the top, and down a portion of the two sides of the travelling bed. The
inner part of one of the sides of this holder is wedge-shaped, and fits into a corre-
sponding wedge-shaped recess in the side of the aforesaid bed. This clamp is
provided with an independent stop or bar, having on its under side two projecting
pins fitting into corresponding holes in the bed. The said holes in the bed are
placed at proper intervals to allow the clamp to be moved forward or back to
accommodate the different lengths of blanks in which the teeth are to be punched.
This clamp is also provided with two movable clamping jaws, operated by means of
a right and left hand threaded screw, thus causing the blank to be always central
upon the bed.
The said Invention also comprises the trip secured to the end of the trip shaft,

page_text: and which raises one arm of another trip having two arms and working freely on
the driving shaft, at the same time causing a forward motion of a connecting rod
attached to the other arm of the said trip. The opposite end of this connecting rod
is secured by a movable stud to a slotted arm working freely on the ratchet shaft.
Attached to the upper part of the said slotted arm is the said reversible pawl, by
means of which the ratchet wheel is moved, the throw of the pawl being determined
by the position of the movable stud in the slotted arm.
The said Invention also comprises an adjustable tool holder, which allows the
punching tool to be conveniently adjusted as it wears by use.
The supporting framework of the said machine consists of two vertical parallel
sides attached to a ribbed bed plate, the said sides being additionally strengthened
and held parallel to each other by a cross bar. Between the sides is the horizontal
travelling platform or bed, upon which is secured the blank or metallic bar in the
proper position for having its teeth formed. The said bed is held in position by
two parallel guides fastened to the ribbed bed plate by means of screws and nuts,
the screw holes of one of the said guides being enlarged to allow it to be set up
closely to the base of the travelling bed, and so compensate for any wear.
The driving shaft carries a pulley for communicating motion to the working parts
of the machine, the said shaft being placed transversely across the said machine,
and having bearings in the two vertical parallel sides of the same. The trip shaft
is also arranged transversely in the machine, and has bearings in the said vertical
parallel sides.
A gear wheel fixed on the trip shaft forms the means for imparting motion to the
same. The aforesaid trip wheel, which is secured to the said shaft, has one of its
teeth or trips longer circumferentially than the others, and this elongated part
produces a "dwell" in the tool holder at the end of its movement
The aforesaid sleeve, provided with a gear wheel, runs freely on the said trip
shaft, and a collar is provided for holding the said sleeve in position.
The aforesaid spring yoke, which has a horizontal slot, is provided with bosses at
each side; this yoke has an upward and downward movement, and is held in
its position by guides. Eye bolts held by the said bosses are secured at one end
by nuts, and flat steel springs are arranged to work in the eyes of the said eye
bolts.
•
The said movable bed has a toothed rack, in which gears a pinion for operating
the same. A spiral spring is secured at one end to one of the said vertical sides, its
other end being hooked to the longest arm of the aforesaid two-armed trip for bringing
back the longest arm of the said two-armed trip in position to be acted upon by the
other trip. A reversible pawl held in position by a stud secured to one of the said
vertical sides serves to keep the ratchet wheel stationary, and prevents any motion
of the travelling bed at the time the tooth is being formed by the blow.
The aforesaid adjustable tool holder consists of a metallic bar having an enlarged
head with a receptacle for holding a tool, the said tool being firmly secured by a
set screw and jamb nut, and raised or lowered by an additional set screw and jamb
nut to compensate for the wear of the said tool. One end of this metallic bar or
tool holder works freely on one of the said yoke shafts, and is held in position on
the said yoke shaft by collars or other suitable means.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th
July 1878.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORMING
THE TEETH OF RASPS." A communication from abroad by Alfred John Dobson,
of the City and State of New York, and Charles Frederick Mudge, of Brooklyn,
New York, both in the United States of America.
The present Invention relates to machinery for cutting or punching the teeth of
rasps.
One essential feature of the said Invention consists in the peculiar construction
and combination of parts whereby all kinds or varieties of rasps may have their
teeth formed in and by one machine by imparting to the tool that forms the teeth
a peculiar motion, and by the use of devices in connection with springs for regu-
lating the force of the blow, and thereby producing any required depth of tooth;
the said tool is caused at the same time to travel back and forth across the surface
of the metallic bar or blank, thereby producing any required width of rasp, the
blank being fed along longitudinally at regular and proper intervals by means of a
ratchet wheel; this wheel is actuated by a reversible pawl, which allows the bed
whereon the blank is supported to be moved back or forth, and in connection with
another reversible pawl serves to keep the said ratchet-wheel-stationary, and pre-
vent any rebound of the bed from the force of the blow of the tool, thereby ensuring
absolute accuracy with regard to the spaces between the indentations or teeth of
the rasp.
An important feature of this Invention in connection with the feeding apparatus
consists in causing the tool to pause, and giving the blank its intermittent motion
at the moment of its change or passage from one row or line of teeth to the next
line, thereby forming the teeth of one line in advance of and between those of the
preceding line, and forming teeth over the surface of the blank, and producing
great uniformity and regularity of the indentations or teeth on the surface of the
same.
The said Invention also comprises an adjustable tool holder actuated by a trip
wheel having on its periphery the required number of teeth or trips to give the
necessary number of blows to properly cover with indentations or teeth the surface
of the metallic bar or blank in connection with a spring cross head or yoke, which
has a horizontal slot for allowing the tool holder to travel across the width of the
bar or blank. The said slot is so shaped as to catch the hammer or tool holder in
its rebound without impairing the force of its blow.
The said Invention also comprises a trip wheel arranged to come in contact with
a friction roller in a forked connection working on a fulcrum, and connected with
the slotted spring cross head. The teeth of this trip wheel (in striking the friction
roller of the said forked connection) raise the said spring cross head, and impart the
required lifting motion to the tool holder; the said forked connection being deflected
by the teeth of the trip wheel after passing the point of deflection, is left entirely
free to allow the said spring cross head to fall with additional force, due to the
action of the springs; thus the force of the blow of the tool will be regulated.
The necessary power is imparted from the driving shaft to the trip wheel shaft
by means of suitable gear wheels. On the trip wheel shaft is a sleeve having fixed
on one of its ends a gear wheel, through which the said sleeve is actuated, and on
its opposite end it has a cam wheel or cam whose periphery has a cam groove or
channel acting in one direction for one half, and in an opposite direction for the
other half of its circumference. The said cam wheel revolves at half the speed of
the trip shaft, and is connected with a slotted bar fitted to oscillate on a fulcrum at
its lower end. The said slotted bar has a roller on a stationary stud, the said roller
being made of suitable shape to run in the said cam groove or channel. Connected

page_text: with the said slotted bar on the opposite side is an adjustable stud with a friction
roller. Through this stud the said bar imparts motion to a slotted yoke, which has
a horizontal movement transversely to the bed of the machine, the said yoke being
guided and supported by a shaft or shafts, one of which is utilized as a support for.
the rear or inner end of the tool holder, which works freely on the said shaft, and is
kept in position by collars or other suitable devicos. By varying the distance of
the said stud and roller in the slotted bar from the fulcrum point of the latter, the
amount of its transverse movement or throw is increased or diminished, and the
transverse or lateral movement of the tool holder will be correspondingly raised,
thereby accommodating it to the width of the metallic bar or rasp.
The said machine is provided with a stationary tang holder having spring pins
and jam nuts on the top and sides, thereby adjusting itself to various sized tangs,
and holding the blank in position during the process of punching or forming the
teeth. The said machine also has a movable blank holder or clamp extending across
the top and down a portion of the two sides of the travelling bed; the inner part of
one of the sides of this holder is wedge-shaped, and fits into a corresponding wedge-
shaped recess in the side of the aforesaid bed. This clamp is provided with an inde-
pendent stop or bar having on its under side two projecting pins fitting into
corresponding holes in the bed; the said holes in the bed are placed at proper
intervals to allow the clamp to be moved forward or back to accommodate the
different lengths of blanks in which the teeth are to be punched. This clamp is
also provided with two movable clamping jaws, operated by means of a right and
left hand screw, thus causing the blank to be always central upon the bed.
The said Invention also comprises a trip secured to the end of the trip shaft, and
which raises one arm of another trip that has two arms, and works freely on the
driving shaft. The other arm of this trip has attached to it a connecting rod. The
opposite end of this connecting rod is secured by a movable or adjustable stud to a
slotted arm fitted to oscillate freely on the ratchet shaft.
Attached to the upper
part of the said slotted arm is the said reversible pawl, by means of which the
ratchet wheel is moved, the throw of the pawl being determined by the position of
the movable stud in the said slotted arm.
The said Invention also comprises the construction of the said tool holder,
whereby the same allows the punching tool to be conveniently adjusted as it wears
by use.
The precise construction and arrangement of the above devices and the manner
in which the same operate to accomplish the above specified results are heroin-after
fully described by the aid of the accompanying Drawings, in which,-
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a machine constructed according to this Invention;
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same.
Figure 3 is a plan; Figure 4 is a side elevation; and Figure 4* is an end elevation
of a holding device forming part of the said machine.
Figure 5 is an edge view of the aforesaid cam wheel
Figure 6 shews a modification of another part of the said machine.
Figure 7 shews a portion of the trip wheel.
Like letters indicate the same parts throughout the Drawings.
The supporting frame of the said machine consists of a ribbed bed plate A and
two vertical sides A¹ attached to or formed on the bed plate, the said sidos being
additionally strengthened and held parallel to each other by a cross bar C. Between
the sides is the horizontal travelling platform or bed D upon which is secured the
blank or metallic bar in the proper position for having its teeth formed by the action
of the said tool or punch as herein-after described; this bed is held in position by
two parallel guides E fastened to the ribbed plate B by screws and nuts, as shewn
at F, or by other suitable meaus, the screw holes of one of the said guides being
enlarged to allow the guide to be set up closely to the base of the travelling bed D,
and so compensate for any wear of the surfaces of the same.
G is a tang holder, which is adjustable and capable of being secured in different
positions on the bed D, according to the length of the blank. It has a bridge G¹.

page_text: which extends across and embraces the sides of the bed D. Under this bridge I
place two jaws G2, through which is passed the right and left handed screw rod G³.
The latter has a central head or collar G, by turning which the said jaws are
adjusted to grip the tang or the end of the rasp between them, or are moved outward
to release the said tang. A screw G is passed down through the bridge G¹ to assist
in holding the tang. Go is a stop bar provided with pins which enter the holes G7
in the bed D, and thereby support the blank holder in any desired position against
end thrust.
H is a blank holder for securing the other end or toe of the blank, while the same
is having its teeth punched. This holder is constructed with a cross bar H' which
is secured to the bed D by bolts or stay rods H³. The said cross bar supports cen-
trally a screw H³ provided at its outer end with a handle or lever H' for
turning it; the said screw passes through a tapped hole in the sliding jaw H³,
which when forced by the said screw up to the end of the blank, as shewn in
Figure 2, will hold the same securely in place on the bed.
The driving shaft J carries a pulley K, whereby it is operated to communi-
cate motion to the working parts of the machine, the said shaft being placed
transversely across the machine, and having bearings in the two vertical sides A¹.
The trip shaft L is also arranged transversely in the machine, and has bearings
M in the said vertical sides A'.
A gear wheel N fixed on the trip shaft L serves for imparting motion to the same.
O is the aforesaid trip wheel which is secured to the said shaft L. The said wheel
has on its periphery the required number of teeth or trips to impart to the tool__or
punch during each transverse movement of the tool, the number of blows or strokes
necessary to cover the face of the blank with teeth or rasping points; one of its teeth
or trips" is longer circumferentially than the others, as shewn in Figure 7, and
this elongated "trip" produces a "dwell" in the tool holder's movement at the
end of the same. Each machine may be provided with a set of trip wheels,
each having a different number of teeth, and made in halves or segments so that
one can be readily substituted for another on the trip shaft.
"
P is a gear wheel mounted on the aforesaid hollow sleeve Q which runs freely on
the said trip shaft L, and a collar R is provided for holding the said sleeve Q
in its proper position. S is the said cam or cam wheel, having on its
periphery the V shaped groove or channel T, most clearly shewn in Figure 5, the
said channel or groove acting like a screw in one direction for one half, and in an
opposite direction for the other half of its circumference; this wheel revolves at one
half the speed of the trip shaft. U is the oscillating slotted bar working on a fulcrum.
V is the said slotted bar having a roller W on a stationary stud, that is to say, this
stud is fixed immovably in the said bar; the roller W is fitted to run in the said
groove or channel of the cam wheel S. X is an adjustable stud with a friction roller,
and projects from the front side of the slotted bar U into the slotted yoke Y, which
thus has a horizontal parallel movement imparted to it from the said bar, thereby
operating the tool holder and tool as herein-after specified. This yoke is guided and
supported by the shaft Z which slide in bearings provided in the vertical parallel
sides of the machine.
The distance of the movable stud and its friction roller X from the fulcrum V of
the slotted bar U determines the extent of the movement of the slotted yoke Y.
a is a bracket bolted to the foot of one of the sides of the machine, and holding the
fulcrum V upon which the slotted bar U oscillates; b is a rocker shaft supported in
bearings in the vertical sides A'; c is the forked connection fastened to the rocker
shaft, and having on its forked end a friction roller c*, so arranged that in combina-
tion with the trip wheel o the said forked connection is deflected by each separate
tooth of the said trip wheel; the opposite end of the said forked connection is con-
nected by means of a bolt d with the forked part of the spring cross head e; the
said cross head has a horizontal slot f through which the tool holder a¹ extends.
This tool holder is a metal bar whose inner end works freely on the yoke shaft Z
and is held in the proper position thereon by collars or other suitable means

page_text: The outer end or head of this holder is provided with a suitable receptacle for
the tool b'. The latter is adjusted by a screw and nut c', and is secured by a screw
and jam nut d. The said cross head is provided with bosses g at each side, and
has an upward and downward movement, and is kept in its proper position by
guides h; i, i, are eye bolts held by the said bosses g and secured at one end by
nuts j; k, k, are flat steel springs working in the eyes of the eye bolts i. The
springs with the eye bolts and their nuts form the means for regulating the force of
the blow of the tool.
I is the ratchet wheel shaft working in bearings provided in the vertical sides A';
m is a pinion fixed on the said ratchet shaft and working in a rack secured to a
portion of the surface of the travelling bed D, as shewn clearly in Figure 2. n is
the slotted arm working freely on the said ratchet wheel shaft, and the aforesaid
reversible pawl o is attached to its upper end; p is the ratchet wheel secured to
the shaft ; q is the trip secured to the trip shaft L; r is the aforesaid two-armed
trip running freely on the driving shaft and actuated by the trip q; 8 is the mov-
able stud working in the slotted arm n and attached to one end of the connecting
rod t, the other end of this connecting rod t being attached by a stud u to the
short arm of the two-armed trip r; the position of the movable stud 8 in the
slotted arm n in connection with the connecting rod t determines the throw of the
said slotted arm and regulates the intermittent feed or advance of the travelling
bed D, as above specified.
A spiral spring wis secured at one end to one of the said vertical sides A¹, its
other end being hooked to the long arm 2 of the aforesaid two-armed trip r for
bringing back this long arm of the said trip into a position to be acted upon by the
other trip q; is a reversible pawl held in position by a stud secured to one of the
satd vertical sides A¹; this pawl serves to keep the ratchet wheel stationary, and
prevents any motion of the travelling bed at the time the tooth is being formed
by the blow of the tool or punch b'.
y is a gear wheel secured to the driving shaft J, and which transmits motion to
the gear wheel N on the trip shaft L; z is a gear wheel secured to the shaft J, and
which imparts motion to the gear wheel P, and consequently to the sleeve Q.
It is very desirable that the bed D should be capable of a quick backward or
return movement when required. For this purpose I connect the pawls o and x by
a rod o', and I connect with the pawl o a rod of which extends to the front of the
machine; and I gear with the wheel p a wheel p¹, which also gears with another
wheel p. These wheels are fitted to turn freely on shafts p³ projecting from the
side of the machine, and the wheel p2 is provided with a handle p' whereby it may
be conveniently turned.
When it is desired to move the bed D quickly, the pawls o and x are disengaged
from the wheel p by means of the rod o³, and then by turning the wheel p³, the
desired adjustment of the bed will be quickly effected.
In the modification shewn in Figure 6, the pawl o is connected to the rod of by
a bell crank 08 fulcrumed on the arm of which is fixed on the side A' and the said
pawl has an arm o° from which the rod o' extends to an arm on the pawl x. In
this case the rod o' is made in two parts, united by a spiral spring o*, as shewn, to
render the said rod elastic.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it under-
stood that I claim, in a machine for forming the teeth of rasps,-
First. The mechanism comprising the ratchet wheel for transmitting motion to
the shaft that moves the travelling bed, the pawl engaging with the said ratchet
wheel, and the lever on the driving shaft for operating the said pawl, and so con-
nected thereto, through the medium of a slotted lever or otherwise, that varying
the throw or movement of the said pawl may be varied or regulated, as and for the
purpose specified.
Second. The combination of parts comprising the ratchet wheel for imparting
motion to the travelling bed, the pawl engaging with and operating the said ratchet

page_text: wheel, the adjustable connection between the said pawl and the tripper lever for
operating the same from the driving shaft, and the stop pawl for holding or keeping
the bed stationary during the intermission of its feed movement or at the move-
ments when the tool or cutter strikes the blank, as above set forth.
Third. The combination with the aforesaid cutter and its holder of the grooved
cam or cam wheel and mechanism connected therewith for effecting the transverse
to-and-fro movement of the said cutter over the blank, which mechanism is capable
of adjustment to regulate this transverse movement to suit blanks of different
width, as above specified.
Fourth. The combination of parts comprising the cutter holder pivotted loosely
on a supporting shaft, the cross head which permits the transverse and vertical
play or movement of the said cutter holder within it, the mechanism for raising
the said cross head and means for impelling it towards the bed to produce the blow
of the cutter and permit its rebound, as and for the purpose specified.
Fifth. The combination with a cutter adapted to traverse or move transversely
across a rasp blank of the mechanism or means for operating the same in such a
manner as to produce a "dwell" or pause at the termination of each transverse
movement of the cutter, as and for the purpose specified.
Sixth. The mechanism for adjusting the pawls that engage with the ratchet wheel
in combination with the gearing for moving or adjusting the bed quickly, arranged
as shewn in Figures 1 and 2, or as in Figure 6 of the Drawings, so that the adjust-
ment of the said pawis and the moving of the bed may be effected by the operator
at the front of the machine, as above set forth.
Seventh. A machine for forming the teeth of rasps, consisting of the parts repre-
sented in the accompanying Drawings, constructed and combined as shewn, or
substantially as shewn, and operating in the manner above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
DAD
T