IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND OTHER METALS AND COMPOUNDS PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samson Fox of the Leeds Forge New Wortley Leeds in
the County of York Engineer and Joseph Whitley of the Railway Works
Leeds in the said County Engineer and Founder for an invention of IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND OTHER METALS AND COMPOUNDS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samson Fox & Joseph
Whitely at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th April
1882.
SAMSON Fox of the Leeds Forge, New Wortley, Leeds, in the County of York
Engineer, and JOSEPH WHITLEY of the Railway Works, Leeds, in the said County,
Engineer and Founder, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND
OTHER METALS AND COMPOUNDS OF METALS, AND OF ARTICLES THEREOF, AND IN
APPARATUS THEREFOR"
In the reduction of metal from ingots, blooms, slabs, or faggots to other forms
by rolling or other reducing process, the heat of the metal is rapidly lost or
dissipated and the work has to be returned to a reheating furnace as soon as its .
temperature falls below a certain point, the number of "heats" required depending
on the nature and size of the piece of metal under treatment. The object of our
invention is to retain the heat in or communicate heat to the metal during the
reducing process so that it may no longer be necessary to return it to the reheating
furnace, the whole operation being effected continuously.
For this purpose, according to our invention, heat is communicated to metals or
compounds of metals under process of reduction by means of portable furnaces or
Superheaters of a high temperature placed in close proximity to the rolls or other
apparatus employed to make plates, sheets or tubes or otherwise to change the
form of the metals or compounds of metals, or by passing the ingots, blooms, slabs,
faggots or bars through or between heated substances of a refractory nature adjacent
to the said rolls or apparatus. According to ono method of carrying out our

page_text: invention to retain the heat in, and supply additional heat to the metallic substance
or object under operation without returning it to a furnace for reheating, we use a
combination of atmospheric air and carburetted hydrogen gas, or other suitable
combustible mixture which we apply under pressure through a tube or tubes
regulated by a tap or taps or a valve or valves. Or we cause a combustible
mixture by pressure to pass through wire gauze or other suitable medium, so as to
prevent explosion, and deliver the same in one or more sheet flames, or through
separate jets in close proximity to or directly upon the surfaces of the metals or
compounds of metals during the process of reduction to the desired state. Or the
same may be heated by hot air from one or more furnaces, applied.so as to facilitate
the rolling process, and heat the rolls or other machinery or apparatus used in the
reduction of the aforesaid metallic substances.
In some cases wo apply for the beforementioned purpose, a powerful current of
electricity to act upon the heated metallic mass during the manipulation thereof.
When rolling extremely thin sheets of metal or compounds of metal wo heat the
rolls to a suitable degree by applying the gases or combustible mixture, or hot air
as above described previous to the introduction-of-the-metallic-substances-to-bo
reduced, and which when rolled down to the required size we suspend (by
preference) in a hot air stove or heated chamber for the purpose of giving more
even ductility and tensile strength.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Samson Fox & Joseph Whitley in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 11th October 1882.
SAMSON Fox, of the Leeds Forge New Wortley, Leeds in the County of York,
Engineer, and JOSEPH WHITLEY, of the Railway Works, Leeds in the said County,
Engineer and Founder "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND
OTHER METALS AND COMPOUNDS OF METALS AND OF ARTICLES THEREOF, AND IN
APPARATUS THEREFOR.
In the reduction of metal from ingots, blooms, slabs, or faggots to other forms by
rolling or other reducing process, the heat of the metal is rapidly lost or dissipated
and the work has to be returned to a reheating furnace as soon as its temperature
falls below a certain point, the number of "heats" required depending on the
nature and size of the piece of metal under treatment.
The object of our invention is to retain the heat in, or communicate heat to the
metal during the reducing process, so that it may no longer be necessary to
return it to the re-heating furnaco, the whole operation being effected continuously.
For this purpose according to our invention, heat is communicated to metals or
compounds of metals under process of reduction by means of portable furnaces or
superheaters of a high temperature placed in close proximity to the rolls or other
apparatus employed to make plates, sheets or tubos, or otherwise to change the
forin of the metals or compounds of metals, or by passing the ingots, blooms, slabs,
faggots or bars through or between heated substances of a refractory nature,
adjacent to the said rolls or other apparatus.
According to one method of carrying out our invention to retain the heat in and
supply additional heat to the metallic substance or object under operation without
returning it to a furnace for reheating, we use a combination of atmospheric air
and carburetted hydrogen gas, or other suitable combustible mixture, which wo
apply under pressure through a tubo or tubes regulated by a tap or taps, or a valvo
or valves. Or we cause a combustible mixture by pressure to pass through wire
gauze or other suitable medium so as to prevent explosion, and deliver the same in
one or more sheet flames or through separate jets in close proximity to or directly
upon the surfaces of the metals or compounds of metals during the process of
reduction to the desired state, or the same may be heated by hot air from one or
more furnaces applied so as to facilitate the rolling process and heat the rolls or
other machinery or apparatus used in the reduction of the aforesaid metallic
substances. When rolling exceedingly thin sheets of inetal or compounds of metal,
we heat the rolls to a suitable degree by applying the gases or combustible
mixture, or hot air as above described previous to the introduction of the metallic
substances to be reduced and which when rolled down to the required size are
suspended (by preference) in a hot air stove or heated chamber for the purpose of
giving more even ductility and tensile strength.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings, like letters of reference represent like
parts. Fig. 1. shows the application of portable furnaces for retaining heat in the
inetal or compounds of metal under treatment, A. A. are the rolls of an ordinary
mill in sectional elevation, B. B. the portable furnaces, one of which is in sectional
elevation, and the other in end elevation, C, is the metallic substance under treat-
ment. This substance is passed through the furnaces B, B, by which not only is
its original heat retained, but additional heat available in its continued reduction is
communicated to it, thus avoiding its removal to a furnace for reheating,―Fig. 2.
is a front elevation of the said portable furnaces.

page_text: Fig 3. shows in sectional elevation the application of hot slabs F, F, of refractory
material for the above named purpose, and between which the metallic substanco
under treatment of reduction, is caused to pass.-Fig. 4, is an elevation (with the
rolls A. A. in section) of apparatus for applying under pressure or otherwise a
combination of atmospheric air and carburetted hydrogen gas, regulated as pre-
viously referred to, for the beforementioned purpose, G, G, aro' the gas pipes or
nozzles, and H, H, the air pipes, or the reverse as may be required.
Fig. 5, shows in elevation (the rolls A. A. being in section) the application under
pressure of a combustible mixture which we cause to pass through wire gauze as
at I, I, and which may be in one continuous sheet flame or in separate jets for the
purpose above referred to.-Fig. 6. shews in elevation (with the rolls A, A, in
section) an apparatus having the same object as the appliances previously described,
and which is accomplished by causing hot air from a furnace or furnaces, to act
upon the metallic substance under process of reduction and also to heat the rolls A. A.
at the same time.-In our provisional specification we described the application of
a current of electricity to metals under manipulaton.-We do not however con-
the means described above, and therefore lay no
sides this RA advantaQUE
claim to it.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention and the manner of
carrying the same into practical effect, we would have it understood that what we
consider to be novel and original and therefore claim as secured to us by the Letters
Patent herein before in part recited is
1. In the manufacture of steel and other metals and compounds of metals and of
articles thereof, retaining heat in the said metals or compounds and imparting
additional heat thereto during manufacture or treatment, by the use of portable
furnaces or superheaters, substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
2. In the manufacture of steel-and-other-metals-and-compounds-of-metals_and_of
articles thereof, retaining heat in the said metals or compounds and imparting
additional heat thereto during manufacture or treatment, by the use of heated
refractory material substantially as herein before described and shown in Fig. 3, of
the drawings
3. In the manufacture of steel and other metals and compounds of metals and
of articles thereof, retaining heat in the said metals or compounds and imparting
additional heat thereto by the use of a mixture of atmospheric air under pressure
and carburetted hydrogen gas, or the reverse thereof, or of a combustible mixture
of air and gas, under pressure, or of hot air alone, substantially as and for the
purposes herein before described with reference to Figs 4, 5, and 6, of the drawings
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Whitley, for myself and on behalf of
the said Samson Fox, have hereunto set my hand and seal this seventh day
of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
cighty two.
Witness to the signature of
the said Joseph Whitley,
THOS. E. CRAVEN C.E.
Patent Agent
24, Victoria Chambers,
South Parade,
Leeds.
JOSEPH WHITLEY. (L.S.)