IMPROVEMENTS IN "WATER METERS
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I LEWIS HALLOCK NASH of Brooklyn, in the County of Kings and State of New
York one of the United States of America Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN "WATER METERS" and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
In an application for a Patent filed by me of even date herewith I have shown
described and claimed certain improvements in water meters, in which an
eccentrically oscillating piston is controlled by means which connect it with the
case in such manner as to form a joint with and divide the latter into receiving
and discharging spaces, combined with an abutment adapted to form a joint with
and divide the piston into receiving and discharging spaces such division being
effected at every point in the movement of the piston.
The specific matter of improvement herein consists in a novel means for
positively controlling the eccentric movement of an open ring-piston combined in
such manner with coacting parts that a division of the interior of the piston will
be intermittently formed, at such positions in its movement, as will bring its
interior in communication with the inlet and with the outlet ports of the case.
In such construction the water will act upon the inner side of the piston to
drive it when the exterior pressure has ceased to act by reason of the piston having
momentarily covered the inlet and outlet ports outside of the piston.
The distinguishing feature of my present improvement is the means for
controlling the dividing function of the piston which consists in providing the
piston with a suitable oval guide placed eccentrically therein combined with a
coacting guide of cylindrical form in cross section having an eccentric relation to
the case whereby to effect a constant division of the enclosing case into receiving
and discharging spaces and an intermittent division of the interior of the piston
into receiving and discharging spaces. My improvement also embraces matters of
construction and of combinations which will be made the subject of specific claim.
Referring to the accompanying Drawings Figure 1 represents a vertical section
of a water meter embracing my improvements taken on the line y—y of Fig. 2,
which represents a horizontal section of the same taken on the line x-x of Fig. 1.
Figure 3 represents a horizontal section showing a modification in the form of
the abutment and of the interior of the piston.
•

page_text: Figure 4 represents a horizontal section showing another modification in the form
of the abutment and of the oval piston controlling guides.
Figure 5 represents a vertical section of the same taken on the line Z Z of
Fig. 4.
"
Figure 6 represents a vertical section taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 2, showing the
inlet and outlet ports.
The case A is preferably of cylindrical form and has at one side an extension
chamber divided so as to form the inlet passage I and the outlet passage O which
connect by branch passages with the inlet and outlet ports I¹ I³ 0 0° in the
cylinder heads.
A radial abutment A¹ extends from head to head of the case, divides the inlet
and outlet ports, and terminates within the piston in a head or enlargement A³ of
such form as to divide the piston into receiving and discharging spaces at certain
points in its movement. The piston B is shown of ring form, open from end to
end, and is of such diameter relatively to the chamber of the case and to the
enlarged end or head of the abutment as to divide it and to be itself divided into
receiving and discharging spaces by contact with the inner wall of the case and
the wall of the enlarged head or end of the abutment as shown.
It has a longitudinal slot in its side adapted to form a joint bearing by its
edges ff with the radial part A¹ of the abutment upon which bearing it is guided
and swings in its dividing function.
The piston is controlled in its eccentric movement by an elliptical or oval guide
formed therein and co-acting studs or pins of cylindrical forin secured in the heads
of the case so as to operate in contact with the oval piston guides. These oval
guides are arranged to one side of the center of the piston and of the case and may
operate in one or both ends of the piston.
L
In Figs. 1, 2 and 3 this oval guide is shown as being formed by an oval groove
or recess h¹ h² and an oval core F F in each head of the piston. The oval grooves
form corresponding cores or projections F1 F2 (and the walls of these guides are
made flaring to their open ends and the coacting studs or pins H' H³ are of taper
form to allow them to be set to take up wear.
The pins or studs for this purpose are made adjustable in the heads of the case.
The oval guides must be of such proportion as to give the required extent of
movement to the piston to divide the case as stated.
In Figs. 4 and 5, I have shown a change in the position of this piston-controlling
device the oval cores or projections F1 F formed by the guide grooves in Fig. 1.
being made to form arms of oval cross section extending from the inner wall of the
piston and cooperating with the cylindrical fixed case pins or studs to constantly
divide the case in the same manner as the oval guides in Fig. 1.
I may use such a piston-controlling device on each side of the abutinent as
shown in Fig. 4. but one will answer the purpose on one side of the abutment.
The internal surface of the piston, and the head or enlarged end of the abutment
may be any form that will make a dividing joint within the interior of the piston.
The dividing joint within the piston is formed by a cylindrical head or
enlargement, g, of the radial abutment and a central circular wall i adapted to
form a joint during the return movement of the piston as shown in Fig. 2, while
in Fig. 3, the interior of the piston has two oppositely projecting points ¹, and tho
abutment has a T head with two bearing points g adapted to make contact with
the interior wall of the piston, from one curved projecting point, to the other,
during the entire movement of the piston in which one of the curved boaring
points of the abutment always has such contact with the piston so that in this
form of piston and abutment, the controlling device will effect a constant division
of the interior of the piston and of the case chamber.
The conformation of the interior wall of the piston and the form of the head of
the abutment are such as to make a dividing joint within the interior of the piston
at certain portions only of its eccentric movement, or at all times under the
controlling action of the oval guide. The piston controlling device shown operates

page_text: with a cylindrical form of piston and case, but a different form of such controlling
device would, require a different form of the piston and of the case, or of both.
The upper guide pin or stud H¹ passes through the upper head C of the case
and has a central spindle 1, having a crank arms at its lower end, adapted to bear
upon the wall of the core or projection F and be revolved by the movement of the
piston; while the outer end of said spindle extends through the said guide-pin and
has a pinion, b, which meshes with a pinion a on the shaft d journalled in the
head C, and passing through a stuffing box in a cap-plate D, has a pinion c which
engages with and operates any suitable registering mechanism by which the
revolutions of the piston are indicated. The wall ports X X¹ extend from head
to head of the case and serve to increase the capacity of the inlet and outlet
ports I' I O¹ 0³ with which they have direct communication and thus lessen the
resistance of the piston to the flow of the water.
The piston being in the position shown in Fig. 2, the water enters the case
through the inlet passage I and ports X I' I³ and pressing against the external
surface of the piston B forces it in the direction of the arrow, the water meanwhile
passing out of the case through the ports 01 0 X' to the passage O. As the
piston passes to the position shown by the dotted lines in this Figure, the water
enters within its center through the inlet ports and pressing against the inner wall
of the piston drives it in the same direction, because in this position of the piston
its interior is divided by the abutment and the water discharging from the other
side the piston is thereby returned to its former position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The combination of the case-abutment A1 A2, a ring-piston having a joint
connection thereon, and an interior oval guide or projection eccentrically arranged
in said piston with a co-acting cylindrical pin having an eccentric relation to said
case substantially as described for the purpose specified.
2. The combination in a water meter of the case-abutment A' A³ the piston B
having a joint connection thereon, and an oval guide or projection, with the case
having a cylindrical stud or pin, and suitable registering mechanism operated by
said oval guide substantially as herein set forth.
3. The piston having an oval groove h¹ formed in one or both ends, combined
with a case having an abutment A' A' and a stud or studs of cylindrical form in
cross section adapted to operato within the piston groove substantially as described
for the purpose specified.
4. The piston having one or more oval guides combined with a case having a
co-acting stud or studs of cylindrical form in cross section and an abutment
adapted to effect an intermittent division of the interior of the piston substantially
as described for the purpose specified.
5. The combination with an open-ring piston, having an oval guide or guides
with a case having a co-acting stud or studs of cylindrical form in cross-section
and an abutinent constructed to cooperate with said oval guide to effect a continuous
division of the interior of the piston as herein set forth.
D
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