IMPROVE- MENTS IN PLOUGHS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Hornsby, junior, of Spittlegate Works,
Grantham, in the County of Lincoln, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PLOUGHS."
Scaled the 4th June 1858, and dated the 6th April 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Hornsby at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
April 1858.
I, RICHARD HORNSBY, junior, of Spittlegate Works, Grantham, in the
County of Lincoln, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ploughs. For these
purposes, in constructing the slipe slide or sole plate it is formed of wrought
iron or malleable cast iron, the hinder part being suitably arranged for
receiving a suitable shoe or continuation, by preference of cast iron or steel.
The fore part or nose of the slipe slide or sole plate is made hollow, with a
spherical bearing to receive a spherical part on the lever, to the fore end of
which the share is fixed. The foro part of the breast is fixed to the fore part
of the sole plate, and not, as heretofore, to the frame of the plough. The fore
part of the frame of the plough enters into the hollow fore part of the slipe
slide or sole plate, which offers a socket 'to receive it, and the fore part of the.
frame of the plough is fixed in such socket or hollow part of the sole plate.

page_text: The hinder end of the lever, to which the share is fixed, is arranged to have
an adjustment up and down as heretofore, and also laterally. The hinder
part of the frame of the plough is fixed to the sole plate near its hinder part,
where it is arranged to receive and have affixed to it a shoe or continuation,
as above explained. The coulter is formed, by preference, with, two cutting
edges, and at its upper end it has a rod and tang, or is formed to enter into
and be fixed in a tubular stem, so that the tubular stem may be again and
again used with different coulter blades.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Hornsby in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th October 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
HORNSBY, junior, of Spittlegate Works, Grantham, in the County of Lincoln,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of April, in the year of our Lord Oue
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Richard Hornsby, Her special licence that I, the said Richard Hornsby,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Richard Hornsby, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PLOUGHS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard
Hornsby, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Hornsby, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following.
statement thereof, that is to say:-

page_text: This Invention has for its object improvements in ploughs. For these
purposes, in constructing the slipe slide or sole plate it is formed of wrought
iron or malleable cast iron, the hinder part being suitably arranged for
receiving a suitable shoe or continuation, by preference of cast iron or steel.
The fore part or nose of the slipe slide or sole plate is made hollow, with a
spherical bearing to receive a spherical part on the lever, to the fore end of
which the share is fixed. The fore part of the breast is fixed to the fore part
of the sole plate, and not, as heretofore, to the frame of the plough. The fore
part of the frame of the plough enters into the hollow fore part of the slipe
slide or sole plate, which offers a socket to receive it, and the fore part of the
frame of the plough is fixed in such socket or hollow part of the sole plate.
The hinder end of the lever, to which the share is fixed, is arranged to havo
an adjustment up and down, as heretofore, and also latterally. The binder
part of the frame of the plough is fixed to the sole plate near its hinder part,
where it is arranged to receive and have affixed to it a shoe or continuation,
as above explained. The coulter is formed, by preference, with two cutting
edges, and at its upper end it has a rod and tang, or is formed to enter into
and be fixed in a tubular stem, so that the tubular stem may be again and
again used with different coulter blades.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows a side view of the parts of a plough to which the improve-
ments apply; Figure 2 shows a plan of some of the parts.
It may be here stated, that by this Invention the slipe slide or sole plate is
made the foundation of the plough, the breast and the share being attached
to and carried by the slipe slide or sole plate, in place of their being attached
to and carried by the frame, as heretofore practised.
a, a, part of the framing which is affixed to the slipe slide or sole plate, as
hereafter explained. The fore part of the slipe slide or sole plate b, b, which
may be of wrought or cast iron, is made hollow at 61, to receive the end of the
lever c; the hinder portion c³ of that part of the lever which rests in the
hollow fore part of the slipe slide or sole plate is a portion of a sphere, as is
shown, and the lever c, beyond such spherical bearing, passess through a conical
opening, as shown, by which means the fore end of the lever is capable of
universal movement, and by the apparatus hereafter described the point of
the lever, and consequently the share, may be set in any desired position.
The fore part of the framing a¹ is affixed to the fore part of the slipe slide or

page_text: sole plate by a screw bolt and nut a³. The sole plate 6 is, when desired, shod
with steel at the fore and hinder points 62, . The back end of the lever o
is attached by an adjusting piece, and by a screw and nut c², to the part a² of
the framing, there being a slot in the framing to admit of adjustment of the
position in which such lever shall work. The back end of the lever c is
attached to the adjusting piece c³ by means of a screw and nut, there being a.
slot formed in the adjusting piece to admit of the position of the end of the
lever c being varied. By these means, aided by the spherical movement, it
will be seen that the back end of lever c may be adjusted from time to time,
not only in a vertical plane by the slot in the framing at, but also in a
horizontal plane by the slot in the adjusting piece. On the fore end or
neck of the lever c the share is received, as shown, and the position of the
nose or point thereof is consequent on the adjustment which the lever c is
capable of receiving, by reason of the spherical form of its bearing and
arrangements for adjustments above described; hence, it will be seen that
the share is in connection with and is carried by the slipe sole plate or slide,
in place of by the frame of the plough. The form preferred for the slipe slide
or sole plate 6 is shown in the Drawing. It may, as above stated, be made of
wrought iron or cast iron, maleable cast iron being preferred, which before
being used will have to be annealed, as when making other articles of
malleable cast iron; or the slipe slide or sole plate may be of ordinary cast
iron, where great strength is not required. At the hinder part of the slide
sole plate or slipe there is a continuation piece or shoe fixed thereto, as
shown, the under surface of which it is desirable should be chill-cast or of
steel, and it is to this part or to the slipe direct that the part a² of the framing-
is fixed by means of a screw and nut, as shown. d is the share placed on the
fore end or neck of the lever c. Where it is desired not to use a lever to
receive the share, the fore end of the slipe sole plate or slide is formed in a
suitable manner to receive the share, in place of the share being fixed and
carried on the fore end of the frame, as heretofore. The coulter e is made
with two cutting edges, or, if preferred, it may be with only one cutting edge.
It is formed with a rod e³, and a tang e, which enter a tube e, which forms
the stem by which the coulter is fixed to the frame a, by means of two straps
or eyes f, f, which embrace the stem e³, and fix it to the beam or frame a
of the plough. The breast or mould board is fixed at its fore end-by screw-
and nut at g to the fore end of the slipe sole plate or slide; the back end of
the breast or mould board is fixed by an expanding stay, as usual, to the
handles of the plough.
Figure 3 shows the coulter and its tubular stem separately, and Figure 4

page_text: the means of attaching it to the beam or framing a of the plough, which I
prefer, but other means of attaching the coulter may be employed. By this
construction of coulter a fresh blade e may be applied to the rod e² and
tube when one blade is worn out.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I make no claim to
the mechanical parts separately; but what I claim is the combination herein
described; and I also claim the mode of constructing the stems of the
coulters of ploughs, herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Hornsby, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
RICHARD HORNSBY, J".
(L.S.)
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.