IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James, Hopwood, of Cheadle, in the County of
Chester, Pattern Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 30th November 1866, and dated the 6th June 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Hopwood at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th June 1866.
I, JAMES HOPWOOD, of Cheadle, in the County of Chester, Pattern Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates particularly to that portion of the loom for weaving
termed the "temple," that is, the apparatus employed to distend the cloth
between the selvedges as it is manufactured, and the improvements consist
in allowing such temple to be loose and to vibrate easily on the temple rod
with the movement of the cloth in contradistinction to making it a fixture
upon such rod as hitherto.
In order to effect this object the arms of the ordinary "temple" are
arranged to fit loosely upon the temple rod, thereby allowing the temple to
move freely with the cloth, its position for keeping the cloth distended being

page_text: effected by means of a sliding finger or temple holder which bears against
the inner side of the "temple," a stud upon such temple holder being provided
so as to form the bearing or frictional surface for the same; this sliding finger
or holder is capable of being adjusted and secured upon the temple rod so as
to retain the "temples" at any desired distance apart according to the width
of cloth under manufacture. A rod capable of being elongated extends from
temple" to "temple "across the cloth, thereby causing a better face or cover
to be given to the same during manufacture.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Hopwood in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th December 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
HOPWOOD, of Cheadle, in the County of Chester, Pattern Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord.Ono
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Iler reign,
-did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
James Hopwood, Her special license that I, the said James Hopwood, my.
-executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James
Hopwood, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time.
-agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
-during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said James Hopwood, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describo and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Hopwood, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-

page_text: The Invention relates particularly to that portion of the loom for weaving
termed the "temple," that is, the apparatus employed to distend the cloth
between the selvages as it is manufactured, and the improvements consist in
allowing such temple to be loose, and to vibrate easily on the temple rod with
the movement of the cloth in contradistinction to making it a fixture upon
such rod as hitherto.
In order to effect this object the arms of the ordinary temple are arranged
to fit loosely upon the templo rod, thereby allowing the temple to move freely
with the cloth, its position for keeping the cloth distended being effected by
means of a sliding finger or temple holder which bears against the inner side
of the temple, a stud upon such temple holder being provided so as to form
the bearing or frictional surface for the same; this sliding finger or holder is
capable of being adjusted and secured upon the temple rod so as to retain the
temples at any desired distance apart, according to the width of cloth under
manufacture; a rod capable of being elongated extends from temple to temple
across the cloth, thereby causing a better face or cover to be given to the
same during manufacture.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made about full size,
and having similar letters of reference marked thereupon on all the Figures
alike.
Fig. 1 represents a plan view of the temple, shewing the position and
arrangement of the improved temple holder or finger secured to the stop rod
for preventing the temples sliding inwards upon the stop rod towards the
centre of the loom; Fig. 2 represents a vertical sectional view of the same;
and Fig. 3 represents the arrangement of temple and temple holder as
applied to temple rods having a square or rectangular section in Figs. 1, 2,
and 3.
a, a, is the temple rod; b, the loose temple; and c the improved fixed
finger or temple holder; the two arms d and e of the temple 6 are placed
loosely upon the temple rod a so as to embrace and oscillate freely upon the
same; the finger or holder c is placed upon the rod between the aforesaid
arms d and e; this finger is constructed so as to form a platform or rest for
the temple, and is supplied with set screw f, which when the temple or
temples for keeping the cloth properly distended are placed in the position
required is screwed up so as firmly to retain the finger upon the stop rod,
thereby preventing the temple or temples having any inward movement
towards the centre of tho clotb, but at the same time allowing such temples
to be loose, and freely to "swag" or oscillate with the cloth and warp as the

page_text: sheds open and close, thereby economising and reducing the wear upon the
reed by preventing the warp threads continually rubbing in one place upon
the reed dents, which is always the case when the ordinary fixed temple is
employed; the inner side of the arm d is provided with a slight projection or
swell g which forms a frictional surface against which the temple bears when
in working contact with the fixed finger or temple holder c.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with
the method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly
understood in conclusion that I claim the novel and peculiar construction,
arrangement, and adaptation of the fixed finger or temple holder as applied to
temple rods for allowing the temples of looms to work loosely upon the temple
rod, keeping them at the same time in such a position that they will maintain
the cloth in a distended state across the selvages as herein-before described
and fully set forth in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Hopwood, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
JAMES HOPWOOD.
(L.S.)