Improvements in or relating to the Extraction of Perfumes and Flavourings from Essences.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 13th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1899
PROVISIONAL SIMULTICATION,
Improvements in or relating to the Extraction of Perfumes and
Flavourings from Essences.
I, HENRY SAUVINET, of No. 72, Rue d'Accueil, Malokoff Department of Seine,
Republic of France, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved process for extracting from certain
essences the perfume therein contained. Having ascertained by experiment, that
certain essences, such for instance as lemon, bergamot, orange, citron, limetta
and so forth are composed of an essential compound, each such essential compound
containing in solution its own special perfume, I have discovered a method of
separating the perfumes which are dissolved in these essences.
I have specially aimed at extracting the perfume from the essence of lemon,
which is much employed, and in great request in distilling, and for the manu-
facture of lemonades and so on.
My experiments and observations have led me to the conclusion that if an
absorbent body or any porous body is caused to absorb well-prepared essence
of lemon in such a way as to divide it thoroughly throughout this body, and if,
besides, this porous or spongy substance impregnated with essence of lemon be
soaked in a suitable solvent for lemon perfume, (a dilute alcohol, for instance),
the alcohol dissolves the lemon perfume, only retaining traces of the essence
which can be eliminated entirely or in part by filtering at a low temperature.
The product obtained is highly perfumed, of a far superior fineness to that
of the essence employed, soluble in water, and which does not undergo any
perceptible alteration when mixed with sugar syrup acidulated by citric acid,
or when mixed mixed with an acidulated syrup charged with carbonic acid. This
product then is of great interest, and I consider my invention to consist therein,
as well as in the process of preparation thereof, which may be summarized as
follows:-
1. Absorbing essence of lemon by means of any porous or spongy substance
such as cotton, wool or woven cloth, unwoven textile fibres, sponge bibulous
paper, pumice-stone, pipe-clay, baked or unbaked, and the like.
2. By macerating in the cold, or at a suitable temperature, the absorbing
substance impregnated with essence of lemon in a dissolvent of lemon perfume,
dilute alcohol, for instance.
3. By straining and filtering the product which is then ready for sale,
especially if it has been prepared with dilute ethylic alcohol. The product
is of course improved by maturing and oxydation.
It is clearly understood that this process applies to various essences, and that
the operation can be performed in vessels of any suitable construction.
In place of maceration in the whole of the liquid at once, I may subject the
material to successive soakings in portions of the total liquid: or again by
renewing a portion of the liquid slowly and methodically so as to have a solution
of the perfume contained in the essence as complete as possible.

page_text: Apparatus for continuous maceration can be used for this process, suitable
for the treatment of all essences.
For essence of lemon and also some others it is very important to obtain a
perfume soluble in water; for other essences which have a quite different use,
it is not indispensable that the perfume obtained should be soluble in water;
it is therefore possible to employ for dissolving the perfume a product which
is not itself soluble in water. Moreover, it is sometimes useful to separate
the perfume obtained from the solvent which has been used to extract it from
an essence, so as to free it from the solvent and obtain a more concentrated
perfume, or by dissolving in another solvent which is more convenient for the
use of the perfume.
It should be stated that although the perfume of lemon obtained by my
process is not perceptibly alterable by acids such as citric, tartaric, carbonic etc..
nevertheless it cannot be expected that this quality applies to perfumes extracted
from other essences whose perfume qualities are peculiar to each essence, and
cannot be modified by the method of extracting, except in certain conditions,
as for example under the action of oxydation during extraction, or afterwards
effected by ozone or by oxygen, alone or diffused, or simply by air.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
322, High Holborn, London, W.C., Patent Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to the Extraction of Perfumes and
Flavourings from Essences,
I, HENRY SAUVINET, of No. 72, Rue d'Accueil, Malokoff Department of Seine,
Republic of France, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:
My invention relates to an improved process for extracting from certain
essences the perfume therein contained. Having ascertained by experiment, that
certain essences, such for instance as lemon, bergamot, orange, citron, and so
forth are composed of an essential compound, each such essential compound
containing in solution its own special perfume, I have discovered a method of
separating the perfumes which are dissolved in these essences.
I have specially aimed at extracting the perfume from the essence of lemon,
which is much employed, and in great request in distilling, and for the manu-
facture of lemonades and so on.
My experiments and observations have led me to the conclusion that if an
absorbent body or any porous body is caused to absorb well-prepared essence
of lemon in such a way as to divide it thoroughly throughout this body, and if,
besides, this porous or spongy substance impregnated with essence of lemon be
soaked in a suitable solvent for lemon perfume, (a dilute alcohol, for instance),
the alcohol dissolves the lemon perfume, only retaining traces of the essence
which can be eliminated entirely or in part by filtering at a low temperature.
The product obtained is highly perfumed, of a far superior fineness to that
of the essence employed, soluble in water, and which does not undergo any
perceptible alteration when mixed with sugar syrup acidulated by citric acid,
or when mixed with an acidulated syrup charged with carbonic acid. This
product then is of great interest, and I consider my invention to consist therein,
as well as in the process of preparation thereof, which may be summarized as
follows:-

page_text: 1. Absorbing essence of lemon by means of any porous or spongy substance
such as cotton, wool or woven cloth, unwoven textile fibres, sponge, bibulous
paper, pumice-stone, pipe-clay, baked or unbaked, and the like.
2. By macerating in the cold, or at a suitable temperature, the absorbing
substance impregnated with essence of lemon in a dissolvent of lemon perfume,
dilute alcohol, for instance.
3. By straining and filtering the product which is then ready for sale,
especially if it has been prepared with dilute ethylic alcohol. The product
is of course improved by maturing and oxydation.
It is clearly understood that this process applies to various essences, and that
the operation can be performed in vessels of any suitable construction.
In place of maceration in the whole of the liquid at once, I may subject the
material to successive soakings in portions of the total liquid or again by
renewing a portion of the liquid slowly and methodically so as to have a solution
of the perfume contained in the essence as complete as possible.
Apparatus for continuous maceration can be used for this process, suitable
for the treatment of all essences.
For essence of lemon and also for some others it is very important to obtain
a perfume soluble in water: for other essences which have a quite different use,
it is not indispensable that the perfume obtained should be soluble in water:
it is therefore possible to employ for dissolving the perfume a product which
is not itself soluble in water. Moreover, it is sometimes useful to separate
the perfume obtained from the solvent which has been used to extract it from
an essence, so as to free it from the solvent and obtain a more concentrated
perfume, or by dissolving in another solvent which is more convenient for the
use of the perfume.
It should be stated that although the perfume of lemon obtained by my
process is not perceptibly alterable by acids such as citric, tartaric, carbonic etc..
nevertheless it cannot be expected that this quality applies to perfumes extracted
from other essences whose perfume qualities are peculiar to each essence, and
cannot be modified by the method of extracting, except in certain conditions,
as for example under the action of oxydation during extraction, or afterwards
effected by ozone or by oxygen, alone or diffused, or simply by air.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
The improved process for extracting the perfume contained in certain essences
by absorbing the said essences by a porous or spongy substance which will reduce
them to a state of very fine division. then extracting the said perfumes from the
absorbents by infusion or maceration at a suitable temperature by aid of a
solvent adapted to dissolve the perfume contained in the said essences without
dissolving said essences themselves, substantially as described.
Dated the 13th day of October 1899.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co..
Of London, Liverpool, Manchester and Birmingham.