IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Warner, of 31, Threadneedle Street, in the
City of London, and William Henry Tooth, of Sumner Street, South-
wark, in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Warner and
William Henry Tooth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 17th March 1859.
We, ARTHUR WARNER, of 31, Threadneedle Street, in the City of London,
and WILLIAM HENRY TOOTH, of Sumner Street, Southwark, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of iron.
For these purposes pig iron is melted in a reverberatory furnace in the
presence of hydrogen gas, carburetted hydrogen gas,, nitrogen gas, nitrous
acid gas, nitric acid gas, or cyanogen gas, obtained by any suitable apparatus
and from any suitable materials, atmospheric air being excluded as much as
conveniently may be from the interior of the furnace; or the requisite gases
may be generated by supplying jets or streams of coal tar or pitch to the
ordinary fuel in the fire-place of the reverberatory furnace.. The pig iron.
being melted is then run out and cast into slabs, pigs, or blocks, which on
being set or cold are melted and puddled in a puddling furnace. In cases

page_text: when receiving melted iron, from which it is desired to separate sulphur or
phosphorus from a blast or cupola furnace into ladles or vessels, we apply
thereto salts or acids suitable for such purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Arthur Warner and William Henry Tooth in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 17th September 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ARTHUR
WARNER, of 81, Threadneedle Street, in the City of London, and WILLIAM
HENRY TOOTH, of Sumner Street, Southwark, in the County of Surrey, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, givo and grant
unto us, the said Arthur Warner and William Henry Tooth, Her special
licence that we, the said Arthur Warner and William Henry Tooth, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Arthur
Warner and William Henry Tooth, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Arthur Warner and William Henry Tooth, our
exccutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Arthur Warner and William Henry
Tooth, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
nanner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of iron.
For these purposes pig iron is melted in a reverberatory furnace in the

page_text: presence of hydrogen gas, carburetted hydrogen gas, nitrogen gas, nitrous
acid gas, nitric acid gas, or cyanogen gas, obtained by any suitable apparatus
and from any suitable materials, atmospheric air being excluded as much as
conveniently may be from the interior of the furnace; or the requisite gases may
be generated by supplying jets or streams of coal tar or pitch to the ordinary
fuel in the fire-place of the reverberatory furnace. The pig iron being melted
is then run out and cast into slabs, pigs, or blocks, which on being set or cold
are melted and puddled in a puddling furnace. For this purpose we either
melt the iron in a reverberatory furnace, or run it when in a melted state into
a reverberatory furnace from which atmospheric air is, as much as may be,
excluded by reason of the furnace being supplied and kept full of any of the
gases above mentioned, and wo keep the iron in a melted state in the furnace
and subjected to the action of the gas, other than atmospheric air, for about
half an hour or more, and then run it into slabs, pigs, or blocks, which are
afterwards remelted and puddled in the ordinary manner. In cases when
receiving melted iron, from which it is desired to separate sulphur or phos-
phorus from a blast or cupola furnace into ladles or vessels, we apply thereto
salts or acids suitable for such purposes. We employ salts of ammonia in the
state of powder, introduced into the ladle or vessel before running in the
melted iron, and we generally use at the rate of about one pound to the ton
of iron, but this may be varied, and if silica be present we add about half
a pound of carbonate of potash, or soda, or other alkali with the salts of
ammonia.
In witness whereof, we, the said Arthur Warner and William Henry
Tooth, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Seventeenth day of
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
ca
ARTHUR WARNER.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM H. TOOTH. (L.S.)