Glazed Waterproof Paper Canisters or Boxes Capable of Holding Jams, Jellies, Marmalades, Boiled Sweets, and all Food Products for Transit.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 16th July, 1887
Complete Left, 9th Dec.. 1887
Complete Accepted, 13th Jan., 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Glazed Waterproof Paper Canisters or Boxes Capable of Holding
Jams, Jellies, Marmalades, Boiled Sweets, and all Food Products
for Transit.
PETER COOK Traveller 19 Windsor Street Glasgow Lanarkshire Scotland do hereby
declare the nature of his invention for GLAZED WATERPROOF PAPER CANISTERS OR
BOXES CAPABLE OF HOLDING JAMS JELLIES MARMALADES BOILED SWEETS AND ALL
FOOD PRODUCTS FOR TRANSIT to be as follows:-
Novelties of the above mentioned Paper Canisters or Boxes are capable of standing
the heat of Boiling Jams etc. will be found more suitable for the requirements of the
trade, than Earthenware Jars at present in use, they will not break by accident like
Earthenware, much lighter weight for carriage, handy for packing without straw, no
breakage in carriage, air proof, nonconductor of heat, cheaper, in fact everything is
in there favour for the advancement of the Fruit Preserving Trade. Second. The
Glazed Waterproof Paper Canisters or Boxes to be made from all paper Boards at
present in use any thickness and any color.
Third. The style of the Glazed Waterproof Paper Canisters or Boxes to be made as
under, say the size to be 3 inches square, by 5 inches long; a sheet of White Paper
to he gummed over the Paper Board, the Paper Board to be scored by Scoring
Machine to size, a block of Wood is placed inside of Paper Board the size wanted
the Paper Board is turned over it, and by being scored it keeps its place wanted at
the joining of the Paper Board, about half an inch of the Paper Board goes to the
inside of the Canister or Box, the turned in half inch being covered by the adhesive
Paste holds the join strong from the inside also a piece of tough Paper is joined to the
side of Paper Beard, with the adhesive Paste on it, which joins the two sides together
from the outside and keeps them exact in there place and with the inside and outside
supported makes the join the strongest part of the Box. The joining of the Bottom
as under a piece of tough Paper 4 inches square the adhesive paste is put over the
face of the Paper, the Paper Canister or Box is turned on end fair in the centre
of Paper the adhesive Paper is turned up all round, and fixes at once to the bottom of
Canister or Box half an inch up, then a piece of Paper Board 4 inch square scored
and a small piece cut out of corners by machine to allow the edges to turn up all
round the bottom of Paper Canister or Box, the adhesive Paste is put all round the
Paper Board, the Paper Board is put on top of a block with a hollow of half an inch
P77

page_text: the exact size of bottom of Canister or Box with bottom on, the Paper Canister or Box
is placed on end exact in the centre and when pressed goes into the hollow, which
causes the sides to turn up of bottom and sides of bottom adheres to sides of Canister
or Box, and sits in the mould untill firm.
The wooden block is now pulled out of Paper Canister or Box, to make it Canister
shape, a hole is cut by machine 14 inch square or oval, in Paper and Paper Board
the same size of Paper and Paper Board as on Bottom the top is fixed in the same
way as detailed for bottom. After the Jams etc. is poured in to Canister a piece of
Paper Board with the adhesive Paste put on is fixed to top of aperture and
thoroughly closes it, a piece of white paper will be put all over the Canister to finish it
outside.
In finishing the top to make it a Box the Paper is to be 5 inches square and the
Paper Board to be 44 inches square a small piece to be taken out of corners of Paper
Board by Machine, but nothing taken off the Paper and put together with the adhesive
Paste so that the paper is half an inch over all round the Paper Board. After the
Merchandise is in the Box, the lid is put on being previously scored for turning down
the adhesive Paste being put on the paper it being next the Box. The sides are
pressed down on sides of Box, the Paper being half an inch longer than the Paper
Board gives it more power to hold close to sides of Box and the Corners of Paper not
being cut is turned over at corners which makes the joining still the tighter. A piece
of white Paper is put all round the Box to finish it.
Fourth. The previously mentioned Glazed Waterproof Paper Boxes or Canisters,
to be made all sizes and all shapes suitable for home Transit and Exportation.
Fifth. Under are the specified Gums or Resins to be used as Waterproof Glazes
separately or mixed as required. Copal, Amber, Dammar, Sandarie, Benzoin, Mastic
and Shellac. The specified Gums and Resins to be dissolved by all the spirits which
is generally used as solvents, or to be melted by dry heat distillation and run into
spirit to amalgamate together which makes a volatile spirit varnish. It is put into a
cistern and run into the made Paper Canisters or Boxes, then emptied back from the
Paper vessels. The top of the cistern is wired across to allow all the Glaze to return
to Cistern that does not adhere to Paper vessel which leaves a coating of pure White
Waterproof Glaze, and when all the spirit evaporates the Glaze becomes hard, the
Canister or Box is now seamless, as all joinings are covered with the Glaze, which no
boiling heat or dampness can remove, the square paper board which covers the aperture
of Canister to be also coated with the Glaze. The lid of the Paper Box to be also
coated with the Glaze before being joined to Box.
Sixth. The adhesive Paste to be made from the aforesaid Gums or Resins, Melted
Gelatine or fine Melted Glue or Melted arabian Gums, to be used separately or mixed
as required for joining the aforesaid Glazed Waterproof Canisters or Boxes.
Seventh. The Paper Canisters or Boxes when Glazed to be put into drying Rooms
to cause the spirit to evaporate and thourough harden the Glaze.
Eight. The way the Tops are put on Paper Board Canisters and Boxes, to make
them Canisters the square block of wood is pulled out of Paper Board, also the hollow
block of wood of End of Box, a piece of paper board 4 inch square cut at corners
with machine and scored also a 13 inch square hole is made by die, then laid exact on
hollow block of wood and by pressure the sides turns up and adheres to sides of
Canister, a piece of adhesive paper put round to hold sides and lid tighter. A 3 inch
square piece of Card board Glazed to cover aperture after the food products are in.
The lid of Box is made in same fashion and put on after food products are in.
Dotad this 15th Lay of Lub.. 1907

page_text: Glazed Waterproof Paper Canisters or Boxes Capable of Holding
Jams, Jellies, Marmalades, Boiled Sweets, and all Food Products
for Transit.
I, PETER COOK, of 19 Windsor Street, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, do hereby declare
the nature of my invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement in writing,
that is to say:-
My invention has reference to a new or improved mode of making or manufacturing
canisters or boxes of paper, cardboard, or other paper substances for holding fruit
preserves, such as jams, jellies, and marmalades, sweet-meats, and other alimentary.
substances; and to a new mode and means of glazing or coating the interior surface
of such canisters or boxes to make same fluid tight and waterproof. These improved
canisters or boxes will act as nonconductors of heat and stand the heat of boiling
preserves, and will be lighter, require no packing between them, and will not be liable
to breakage, and will thus be found more suitable for transit and shipment than the
earthenware jars or metallic cans heretofore used for the said purposes.
According to my invention for making square or polygonal canisters or boxes of
any convenient length, I make the sides of one piece of paper or cardboard, the breadth
required for the inside of the canister or box, and of a length sufficient for the whole
of the sides A, with a piece a of half-an-inch or so at one end for forming the lap joint,
as shown in Figure 1, and I score the board on the outside or knee it over a shaping
block, across all the corners where it is to be folded to form the sides as dotted at A
in this Figure, the scored board A being previously covered on the inside with parch-
ment paper which is nearly impervious to moisture. I then close each board so formed
into its box or case shape folding the lap joint a into the inside, and after coating and
cementing the lap joint piece a with gelatine, or other strong cementing substance,-
as shown in Figure 2, I insert this into a long open U shaped trough to maintain the
joint closed until quite dry. I then cut or punch by sharp dies or otherwise a square
piece of cardboard covered with parchment paper on the inside, to form a bottom B,
as shown in Figure 3, for the wall case A shown in Figure 2, half-an-inch or so larger
on all the sides than the case A, Figure 2, with the corners cut away at b¹, and scored
on the outside, as dotted in at B¹, or knee it on a shaping block or die at these parts,
to form the overlapping joints b. I then coat the joints b with the gelatine or cement,
and place this bottom B over the under end of a case A, previously jointed and dried
as dotted in at Figures 2 and 4, and then insert this into a hollow square e in a shallow.
gripping and shaping case E, as shown dotted-in in Figure 4 which may be made of*
wood or metal singly as shown, or in long strips which might hold a dozen boxes.
And this forcing of the case A with its bottom B into the hollow square e, presses the
lapping joint 6 against the lower side of the case A, so as to firmly secure them until
the cement has dried. For making a canister case I then cut a top piece C out of the

page_text: cardboard covered with parchment paper, substantially as described in reference to
Figure 3, but with a square hole c' cut or punched out of it in the centre, as shown
in Figure 5, and scored or kneed at C with overlapping joints c, and the corners c¹
cut away, and which after being coated with gelatine or cement, 1 then secure on the
upper end of the case A, as shown in Figure 6, by inserting into it a hollow square
frame similar to E, e, leaving it there until it is securely jointed and dried. These
operations complete the forming of the square canister shape of box, as shown in
Figure 6, which, after the jelly or other alimentary substance has been put into it, is
hermetically sealed by a flat square cover of card board with parchment paper on its
inner side, as shown at D, Figure 7, cemented all over the outer end of the cover C.
Or otherwise secured by a small square cover D³ cemented on a piece of paper d, as
shown in the upper view Figure 7, so that the square part D¹ may enter and fill the
hole in the end C of the canister form of box shown in Figure 6, the whole
being secured by gelatine or other cement all round the surface of the paper at d, and
joined round the square piece D'. Figure 7 A shows a mode of cutting or punching
the square piece D¹, out of the top C on three sides, and scoring or slightly cutting
it on the third side to fold up as a close hinged lid to fill the hole c² out of
which it was cut, and then after filling the canister with the preserves or other
alimentary substances, fold the lid D' down and seal it and the cut joints by a thin
piece of gelatine paper d over the whole on the outside of the end C. For making
the box form of canister, as shown in sectional elevation in Figure 8, with a portable
or loose lid D³, this would be done exactly the same as described in reference to
Figures 1 to 4, except that the case A would be left open at the top, as shown in
Figure 2, to be closed by a loose portable square lid, as shown inverted and detached
in Figure 9. This loose top D2 would be cut and formed out of a square piece of
cardboard covered with parchment paper on its inner side, substantially as described
in reference to Figure 3, and have its edges d², deeper and folded up as the lap edges b
in Figure 3, but having gelatine or cement paper or cloth wrapped round the outside
of the joint corners and edges d³ to secure it as a portable lid, which might be inserted
into a hollow shaping case as E, e, in Figure 4, to maintain it in shape until the
cement dries, for use as a loose cover as shown at D2 in Figure 8. To mako a paper
or cardboard canister of a hexagonal shape, as shown complete in Figure 10, this
would, be done by making and jointing the sides out of one piece of paper or card-
board,A, as shown, in Figure 11, substantially as described in reference to the square
form Figures 1.& 2, and making the bottom and top ends B'and C; Figures 12 and 13,
substantially the same as described in reference to Figures 3, 4, and 5, except that
these ends B.and C would be formed to the hexagonal polygonal shape, and preferably
with a round hole c² in the top, and be inserted into a hexagonal hollow case E, e,
instead of.a square case shown in Figure 4, to secure them to the bottom and top ends
of their case A. Figure 14 shows a sectional elevation of an arrangement of card-
board. canister, constructed substantially the same as that described' in reference to
Figures 1 to 7,,and lettered to correspond except that the bottom B; Figure. 3; and
top C; Figure,5, are made so much smaller that when their lap or, flange joints band c
are folded up on their shaping block, they will enter and fit the inside of the case A',
Figure 14, in place of the outside as in the former Figures, a notched 'pièce being cut
out at each end,of, the lap joint a, to allow the flanges b, c, to enter and be jointed' in
a similar, manner. by these lap joint flanges and c, either by pressing them into a
hollow shaping box.e, E, or not, as described in reférence to Figure 4:
Although 1, have only described square and hexagonal paper or cardboard' canisters
with, fixed top, ends .C, and, holes in them, sealed by lids Dand' D', or boxes with
removable lid D2; it is, to be understood that these boxes may be made in other
rectangular or. polygonal shapes, by folding and forming them in internal blocks of
the size and shape, desired. Or otherwise these canisters and boxes might be similarly
formed, of, a round or elliptical shape on round or elliptical internal blocks, in which
case,the overlapping joint part a a of the body or walls A', would preferably both be
scarfed or, tapered, away to the edges, so that when these lap, joints or edges are laid'
together and coated with the gelatine or cement, they could be pressed down and

page_text: are made.
secured by a segmental block outside over the joint, and left to dry in a circular or
curved form at the joint part corresponding to the shape of the case A.
In this case,
however, the round or elliptical ends would have their jointing flanges b and c embossed
up out of one solid or elliptical disc in strong compressing dies, in the same manner
that the lap or joint edges of the bottoms and tops of sheet-metal canisters and boxes
And although I have shown these vessels in the Drawings of about twice
the height or depth of their width, as being a good size for the purposes for which
porcelain and metallic cans, canisters, and boxes, have heretofore been used, namely,
for holding jellies and other alimentary substances, It will be understood that I do
not confine myself to the sizes, lengths, or shapes of these new paper or pasteboard
canisters or boxes, but to the making or manufacturing of them all as stated. In any
case the internal surfaces of these cardboard canisters and boxes would be covered
with parchment paper, which is preferably done on the cardboard before being cut,
punched, or made into the shapes of the several parts. When thin parchment paper
is used, I would prefer to have a thin white or coloured paper below this next the
cardboard, to give a colouring effect to the parchment paper and varnished surface.
And coloured papers or parchment papers or both may be put on the exterior surface
also of the canisters and boxes. The several parts of these cardboard boxes or canisters
would be cut or punched into their several shapes as described by cutting dies and
powerful lever or other presses, analogous to what has been heretofore used for making
other forms of boxes, and scored or creased at the folds in like manner by cutters
or dies.
A further improvement consists in coating the surface of the internal parchment
paper of these paper or cardboard canisters or boxes with varnishes or glazes which
shall be impervious to moisture and to the action of the acids or boiling jellies or other
alimentary substances to be filled into them. The varnishes or glazes which I
principally use to coat the parchment paper interior surfaces of these canisters or
boxes and their lids, joints, and waterproof parts are those made from Copal, Dammar,
or Sandaric gums or resins, (but it might be Benzoin, Mastic, or Shellac), prepared
by dissolving or amalgamating these with mineral naphtha or petroleum or with
methylated spirits. When Copal is used, this is effected by melting it in a dry heat
distilling vessel with a fire or furnace underneath, and distilling the first products
given off by the Copal or gum through a worm water condenser, and then running
off the residue or copal in a liquid state, from the lower part of the vessel, at a suitable
temperature (650 degrees Fahrenheit being very suitable) to a vessel containing the
mineral naphtha or petroleum or methylated spirits, so that the two substances may
amalgamate together and in this way for the varnish or glaze for coating the interior
parchment paper surface of the canisters or boxes. The proportion of copal to mineral
naphtha which I find most suitable to form the varnish or glaze is four pounds of the
former to one gallon of the latter, and the other gums or resins would be of somewhat
similar proportions. But where the other guns Dammar and Sandaric are used they
would be amalgamated with the mineral naphtha or methylated spirits in a cold state.
These varnishes or glazes so prepared, may be put into close bottles or other vessels,
and either poured into the canisters or boxes A, B, before the tops C are put on, and
turned up on shelves or trays within the close vessel, to allow the superfluous varnish
to drop off the surfaces; or they may be coated with brushes, or the superfluous
varnish allowed to drop off in a similar manner, and the internal surfaces of the tops C,
and covers D, D₁, and D², be also coated in the same way with the varnish. These
canisters or boxes so coated would then be put into a drying hot chamber, with
sufficient ventilation to carry off all or nearly all the solvents or naphthas or spirits
used to dissolve and form the varnishes. The canisters and boxes when taken from
these drying chambers, would then be ready for use for filling in the jellies or other
preserves or packing of other alimentary substances within them, giving all the
advantages claimed by me for this Invention and its improvements.
When preferred, these canisters or boxes, and their closing ends or lids D, D¹, D³,
may also be varnished or glazed on the outside or exterior surface, in an equivalent
manner to that described for coating the inside; or this may be done by dipping the

page_text: whole case into the varnishing close vessels, and allowing it to run off again, thus
coating both the interior and exterior surfaces at the same time. And special outside
trade covers or labels inay be wrapped round these canisters or boxes after being
made, filled, and closed, suitable for the merchants and markets where the goods
have to be sent out, either at the factories or gunimed on by the merchants
themselves.
The varnishes or glazes formed in accordance with my improvements as hereinbefore
described, of Copal, Dammar, and Sandaric, I find, besides being waterproof, stand
the heat and action of acids and preserves within the vessels without giving the smallest
deleterious effect or taste to them, thus fulfilling the purposes and giving the advantages
of my improvements in paper and cardboard vessels for these purposes. But I do not
confine myself to these varnishes or glazes, as other varnishes and glazes may with
advantage be used, although not having all the advantages of these.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
First. The process or mode and means of constructing or forming boxes or canisters
of paper or cardboard, with parchment paper waterproof varnished or glazed internal
surfaces for holding fruit preserves, sweet-meats, and other alimentary substances, all
substantially as and for the advantages herein described in reference to and shown in
the accompanying Drawings.
Second. Canisters and Boxes for fruit preserves, sweet-meats, and other alimentary
substances, having their sides or walls A and ends B, C, and covers D, D¹, D², made
of paper, or cardboard, covered or lined inside with parchment paper, and having a
varnished or glazed interior surface to make them waterproof substantially as herein
described in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Third. The making of paper or cardboard canisters or boxes for fruit preserves,
sweetmeats, and other alimentary substances, with waterproof joints at their over-
lapping edges a, a, b, c, and the internal surfaces of parchment paper, all substantially
as herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth. The making of paper or cardboard canisters for fruit preserves, sweetmeats,
and other alimentary substances, with fixed ends C, and opening holes e² in them,
closed by removable lids D or D₁, substantially as herein described in reference to and
shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Fifth. The coating of the interior parchment paper surfaces of boxes or canisters
for holding fruit preserves, sweetmeats, or other alimentary substances, with varnishes
or glazes composed and prepared substantially as and for the advantages herein
described.