Improvements in Door Locks and Latches.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 10th Feb., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Door Locks and Latches.
WILLIAM KING 37, Earls Court Square South Kensington, London, Locksmith,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
That this my said invention, consists of a specially made bolt, which is
reversible for all handed doors. The bolt is so constructed, that it will be found,
can easily be adapted in the manufacture of every description of door lock &
latch, by adapting any particular part, or parts thereof. The two illustrations
given, will be sufficient to show wherein the Patent exists, & how the bolt is to
be adapted. The bolt, slide, levers or tumblers, to be made in iron, brass, gun
metal, or any other suitable material, & the cases & cover plates also, if necessary.
Fig. 1. shows the bolt in position, when required for the lever or common rim
night latch, &
Figs. 2. show the side elevations of the bolt, which as will be seen, has four
sides.
This same pattern bolt will be utilized, in the manufacture of good & inferior
quality rim locks, & also for flush latches & mortise latches, when operated upon
by key from one side only.
Fig. 6. shows the two sides of the bolt, which is all that is required for the
manufacture of mortise locks & latches when operated upon from both sides with
key & handles.
Figs. 7 & 9. show front & side elevations of the bolt.
In the manufacture of rim or mortise dead locks it is only necessary to utilize
the two flat bottom sides of the bolt. The drawings will show how simple the
lock is in construction, that it can be manufactured at a trifling cost, & does not
require a skilled person to change the mechanism, to suit any door that they may
desire to fix the latch or lock upon.
I will describe how my said invention is to be performed, by refering to the
accompanying drawings; the lock as shown in Fig. 1. is the lever rim night
latch, (with a reversible cover plate removed) which consists of the bolt, which
has four sides, with moveable spindle. The slide which operates over any one side
of the bolt, & the levers or tumblers which are operated upon by the key, fit
easily between either of the two sides of the bolt, as shown in Fig. 2.
The pin A. upon which the key operates, must be fixed exactly in the centre
of the case of the lock, so that when it is necessary, the cover plate may be
reversed, when the bolt is required for any of the four different handed doors.
The bolt as shown in Fig. 1. has four sides equal, see elevations Figs. 2. to allow
slide, Fig. 3. to operate freely upon each side, when necessary, & the spindle,
which is moveable, must be fastened exactly in the centre of the back end of the
bolt as shown in Fig. 2. The front or bevelled end of the bolt is solid so as to
secure strength. The slide which operates over any one side of the bolt, must be
made equal as shown in Figs. 1. & 3. which is the back elevation, & the stud
which holds levers or tumblers in position, must be fixed exactly in the position
as shown in Fig. 1.
The two pins B. & C. upon which the levers or tumblers operate, must be fixed
in the same position as shown in Fig. 1. to allow the levers or tumblers to pass
between any 2 sides of the bolt easily.
The pin D. secures the spring in position which operates on the back end of
he bolt

page_text: The reversible cover plate hereinbefore referred to, being part of my invention'
shall be utilized when & where-ever it is practicable to use the said cover plate
to advantage. Figs. 4. show the front & side elevations of a guard which is fixed
in the cover plate, for the express purpose of protecting the sides of the bolt from
being tampered with, which are otherwise left exposed & unprotected, so that
the lock could be easily opened, but this the guard will prevent, & so make the
lock or latch comparatively secure. It is intended that Fig. 5. shall be utilized,
when & where necessary, for instance-in the manufacture of a lock or latch; of
any description to be operated upon by a key from both sides, it may not be
practicable to utilize the reversible cover plate as herein stated, but Fig. 5. shall
be utilized in such an instance to great advantage. It will require the keyhole
to be cut both ways in the case of the lock or latch, & if necessary in the cover
plate also. The piece which is fixed as shown on Fig. 5. back elevation, must be
made the same thickness of the plate, so that the key in its operation, cannot
catch in the part of the keyhole, which is not used. Fig. 5. will not only serve as
a reversible keyhole, but shall be utilized as a bush when necessary, or shall allow
the collar of the key to pass through, & operate upon the under plate.
In the manufacture of the lever or ordinary mortise latch or lock, it is only
necessary to use two sides of the bolt, as shown in Figs. 6. 7. & 9. when the key
is required to operate from both sides. The slide which operates upon each side
of the bolt, when required, must be made as shown in Figs. 6. & 8.
The follower as shown in Figs. 6 & 10. operates on the bolt, with double action,
& can be operated upon with a handle or knob, from one or both sides.
The spring which operates on the bolt is fitted under the bolt, as shown in
Fig. 6. & the pin F. which takes the bearing of one end of the spring, also forms
a support, for the bolt in case of it being forced.
The pin E. is for the levers or tumblers to operate upon, & also acts as a guide
for the bolt. The pin G. which secures spring in position, also acts as a guide
for bolt, as does also pin H. The one side of the bolt is protected by a straight
guard, fixed in the cover plate, just under the keyhole, as it is not practicable to
use the guard Fig. 4. to advantage.
It may not be found practicable to utilize the reversible cover plate, when the
lock or latch is made after the description given, but Fig. 5. shall again be utilized
when & where-ever it is necessary, especially when the lock or latch, is operated
upon by key from one side only.
In the manufacture of the lever or ordinary dead locks, it is only necessary to
utilize the two flat bottom sides of bolt, as shown in Figs. 1. & 2. & the slide as
shown. Fig. 11. will be fastened to either side of the bolt when required. The
reversible cover plate shall be utilized when the lock is operated upon from one
side only, if necessary, & Fig. 5. when the lock is operated upon from both sides.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, & in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is―
1. The bolt, & the absolute right, to utilize any part or particular parts thereof,
in the manufacture of every description of door locks & latches.
2. The slides, & the absolute right to utilize the same where practicable.
3. The reversible cover plate, as herein described, with guard, & the absolute
right, to utilize same where ever necessary & practicable.
4. The reversible keyhole, & the absolute right to utilize same where ever
necessary.
Dated this 2nd day of January 1894.
WILLIAM KING.