IMPROVE- MENTS IN PREPARING TEXTILE FABRICS OR MATERIALS FOR THE PURPOSE OF PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Sutherland Edwards; of Cranbourne Street,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PREPARING TEXTILE FABRICS OR MATERIALS FOR THE PURPOSE OF
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Sutherland Edwards
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th June 1854.
1, HENRY SUTHERLAND EDWARDS, of Cranbourne Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
* IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING TEXTILE FABRICS OR MATERIALS FOR THE PURPOSE
OF THEIR BETTER RETAINING COLORS APPLIED TO THEM" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the preparation of textile fabrics or materials for
the better fixing thereon of colors, such as lithographic ink, and other coloring
matters of an analogous nature, or in the composition of which similar
ingredients enter, by passing such textile materials or fabrics, when intended
to be printed by the ordinary printing rollers, through a bath, consisting of
water holding in solution alum, sulphate of zinc, proto-chloride of tin, caustic
potash, and nitric acid, or other chemicals possessing properties of a nature
analogous to these matters. In preparing this bath, the alum, sulphate of zinc,

page_text: proto-chloride of tin and caustic potash, are each separately dissolved in water,
and after each has become completely dissolved, the whole are then, thrown into
one bath, and the nitric acid is added to the mass. When the materials or
fabrics are intended to be printed by the lithographic press, they are passed
through two separate fluid baths; the first of which baths is composed of alum,
sulphate of zinc, proto-chloride of tin, and American potass; the second, of
alum, sulphate of zinc, and nitric acid.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Sutherland Edwards in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th December 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
SUTHERLAND EDWARDS, of Cranbourne Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Henry Sutherland Edwards, Her special license that I, the said
Henry Sutherland Edwards, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Henry Sutherland Edwards, executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING TEXTILE FABRICS OR MATERIALS FOR THE
PURPOSE OF THEIR BETTER RETAINING COLORS APPLIED TO THEM," being a commu-
nication from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Henry Sutherland Edwards, by an instrument in writing under hand and
scal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Sutherland Edwards, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say:-

page_text: My said Invention relates to the preparation of textile fabrics or materials
for the better fixing thereon of colors, such as lithographic ink, and other
coloring matters of an analogous nature, or in the composition of which similar
ingredients enter, and consists in passing such textile materials or fabrics, when
intended to be printed by the ordinary printing rollers, through a bath, consisting
of water holding in solution alum, sulphate of zinc, proto-chloride of tin, caustic
potash, and nitric acid, or other chemicals possessing properties of a nature
analogous to these matters. In preparing this bath, the alum, sulphate of zinc,
proto-chloride of tin, and caustic potash, are each separately dissolved in water,
and after each has become completely dissolved, the whole are then thrown
into one bath, and the nitric acid is added to the mass. When the materials or
fabrics are intended to be printed by the lithographic press, they are passed
through two separate fluid baths; the first of which baths is composed of alum,
sulphate of zinc, proto-chloride of tin, and American potass; the second, of
alum, sulphate of zinc, and nitric acid.
:
The fabrics that are to be printed by the ordinary machine employed by
calico printers must, after being thoroughly washed or steeped in pure water,
or in water containing alkali, be steeped for five minutes in a bath, composed
of the following ingredients, and in the following proportions:-Four ounces of
alum dissolved in one and three-fourth pints of water; four ounces of sulphate of
zine in one and three-fourth pints of water; four drachms six grains of caustic
potash in one and three-fourth pints of water; and two drachms three grains
of proto-chloride of tin in one and three-fourth pints of water. These four.
solutions must be made separately, and then mixed together; after which
twenty drops of nitric acid (namely, in the proportion of five drops to each one
and three-fourth pints,) must be added, to complete the bath. When the
fabrics have been steeped in this bath for a space of five minutes they should
be dried, if possible, in the open air, and may then be printed on with litho-
graphic or other colors containing oil, and the color thus printed will be found
perfectly fixed.
If the fabrics, however, are to be printed by the lithographic process, they
should be steeped successively in the two following baths, in place of the
herein-before described bath :-First bath: four ounces of alum dissolved in
three and a half pints of water; four ounces of sulphate of zinc in one and
three-fourth pints of water; two drachms three grains of proto-chloride of tin
in one and three-quarter pints of water; and two drachms three grains of
American potash in one and three-fourth pints of water. These four solutions
are to be made separately, as in the former bath, and then mixed together.
Second bath: four ounces, two drachms, thirty-five grains of alum, dissolved in

page_text: three and a half pints of water; four ounces, two drachms, thirty-five grains of
sulphate of zinc, in three and a half pints of water. These two solutions to be
made separately, and then mixed together; after which twenty drops of nitric
acid, (namely, five drops to each one and three-fourth pints, must be added
thereto.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that I do not confine or restrict myself
to the precise details or arrangements which I have had occasion to describe or
refer, as many variations may be made therefrom without deviating from
the principles or main features of the said Invention; but what I consider to be
novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
The system or mode of preparing textile fabrics or materials for the purpose
of their better retaining colors applied to them, by subjecting such fabrics to
the action of any one or more of the baths hercin-before described, or to baths
of an analogous nature.
In witness whereof, I, the said 'Henry Sutherland Edwards, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-eighth day of December, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.