IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Stephen Randoll Smith, of Bristol, for the Invention.
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS."
Scaled the 22nd May 1857, and dated the 6th December 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Stephen Randoll Smith at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th December 1856,
I, STEPHEN RANDOLL SMITH, of Bristol, do hereby declare the nature of
the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in anchors. For these"
purposes two shanks are used and come together at one end to receive a
single stock.
The two shanks beyond the stock are inclined to each other, and at their
outer ends or crowns they are connected by a crown plate, which has axes or
necks formed at the two ends thereof. The axes or necks on the crown plate
pass through holes in the ends of the shanks in such manner as to turn freely
therein, and they are retained by keys or split cotters from coming out of the
holes in the ends of the shanks. The arms with the palms or flukes thereto
are fixed on square parts formed on the necks or axes of the crown plate, and
they move between forked ends in the ends of the shanks. The crown plate
by entering the ground adds materially to the holding powers of the two
flukes which are for the time being holding.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuanco of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Stephen Randoll Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 6th June 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, STEPHEN
RANDOLL SMITH, of Bristol, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord
Ono thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Stephen Randoll Smith, Her special licence that I, the said Stephen Randoll
Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the
said Stephen Randoll Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any timo agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Juvention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ANCHоas," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Stephen
Randoll Smith, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under ny, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Stephen Randoll Smith, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
bo performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in anchors. For these
purposes two shanks are used and come together at one end to receive a
single stock. The two shanks beyond the stock are inclined to each other,
and at their outer ends or crowns they are connected by a crown plate,
.which has axes or necks formed at the two ends thereof. The axes or necks
on the crown plate pass through holes in the ends of the shanks in such
manner as to turn freely therein, and they are retained by keys or split cotters.
from coming out of the holes in the ends of the shanks. The arms with the
palins or flukes thereto are fixed on square parts formed on the necks or axes
of the crown plate, and they move between forked ends in the ends of the

page_text: shanks. The crown plate by entering the ground adds materially to the
holding powers of the two flukes which are for the timo being holding.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows an anchor constructed according to my Invention, wherein
the upper ends of the shanks aro bent so as to come parallel where the stock
passos through them; Figure 2 shows the upper end of an anchor, where the
two shanks are not bent but come together at an angle to each other; Figure
3 shows the two palms and arms with the crown plate separately.. The necks
of the crown piece pass through the shanks in such manner as to turn freely
therein, and they are retained by keys or split cotters. The arms are fixed on
to the necks of the crown plate, so as to turn therewith, or the crown pieco
may be fixed to the shanks, and the arms work or turn on the neck of the
crown piece. a, a, are the two shanks, fixed together by the stock and at the
point a' as shown, or it may be in any convenient manner; b, b, are the two
pairs of arms, which are fixed or turned on the necks c', as above explained, of
the crown picce c. On the arms are formed or fixed the palms d, d, and these
palms may be single palms, as shown at Figure 1; or they may each be double
and connected together, as shown at Figures 4 and 5, in which case in place
of using single arms and placing them between the two plates of which each.
shank a is made, as in Figure 1, the arms are made double, and are attached
by pin joints to the shanks, as shown in Figures 4 and 5.. And I would here
state that it is one of the advantages of my system of making anchors, as
shown and described with reference to Figures 1 and 2, that several of the
parts are capable of going together and forming single anchors, and this is the
case whether the single palms and arms are used, as in Figure 1 and Figures
6 and 7, or where the double palms are used, as shown in Figures 4 and 5.
And this will be understood so far as the use of single palms and arms are
concerned by reference to Figures 6 and 7, where there are two views of a
single anchor made of some of the parts shown in Figure 1, the bending of the
upper ends of the shank not prejudicing such use of the parts.
Figure 8 shows two views of an anchor without the crown plate,.in order to
indicate that anchors may be made without that part of my Invention. In
constructing the front parts of the palms of anchors, I find it desirable to make
them cach with a projecting angular blade d', as is shown, whether the palms
be single or double.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I am aware that anchors
have before been made with two palms which simultaneously enter the ground,
I do not therefore claim the same except when the parts are combined, as
herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Stephen Randoll Smith, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
STEPHEN RANDOLL SMITH. (L.S.)