Improved Horse Collar.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 27th July, 1897-Accepted, 4th Sept., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Horse Collar.
I, FERDINAND FORTSCH, of 23 Untere Koenigstrasse Bamberg, Germany;
Master Saddler, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The present invention relates to improvements in horse collars whereby they
may be used for horses having different sized necks and chests, the construction
of the adjusting arrangement being of such a nature that chafing or galling of
the animal is practically avoided. If, however, any such chafing or galling
should arise, it is possible, when the collar hereinafter described in detail is used,
to relieve the chafed parts and allow them to heal, without removing the collar.
The prevention of the chafing is effected, owing, on the one hand, to the smooth
tapering off of the collar pad, and, on the other, to the adjustment sockets and
studs being made of stout leather, and thus possessing the maximum degree of
rigidity as well as such elasticity as to permit the collar body to yield at each
expansion of the chest during the act of breathing, etc. By these means also the
effect of any sudden shock is diminished.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figs. 1, 2
and 3 are respectively front, side and end elevations of the collar without the
hames, Fig. 4 is a front elevation the upper part of the collar body with pad,
Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of same.
Fig. 6 is
front elevation of the lower part of the collar-body, Fig. 7 is a
side elevation of same, Fig. 8 is a front elevation of the hames, Fig. 9 is an
enlarged illustration of the joint or link in the parts B and B of the hames.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged illustration of the height adjusting arrangement of the
hames and Fig. 11 is a similar illustration of the width adjusting arrangement. The
same letters of reference where they occur are used to indicate the same or
corresponding parts in all the figures.
The hames are adjustable at the places indicated by the letters a, b and c, in
Fig. 8. The upper parts A and A₁ are adjustable on the lower parts B and B¹
by means of the sleeves or sockets a¹. The sleeves or sockets a are pushed so
far on to the lower ends B and B, that even in case of the adjustment being
carried to the fullest extent, they firmly and rigidly connect the parts A and A¹
with the parts B and B¹. The parts B and B₁ terminate in toothed pieces, bl
(Fig. 10) with which engages a four-toothed wheel mounted in the sleeve a¹.
The arrangement or contrivance for adjusting the width is similar, but here
the toothed end pieces b¹ of the parts B and B overlie one another in a sleeve or
socket a³, Fig. 11, and between these is a similar toothed-wheel which is
mounted in the sleeve or socket a³ and engages simultaneously with both end-
pieces b¹, as in the height adjusting arrangement.
The adjustments are effected by the rotation of the tooth wheels r and r¹. The
stud or shaft z of the tooth wheel is of square cross-section and is intended for
the reception of a key. Around this shaft z is a flap k rotatably seated in the

page_text: sleeves a¹ and a². This flap being furnished with a longitudinal slit, and by
means of it the tooth wheels after every quarter turn, that is to say after each
adjustment, can be firmly held.
In order that the collar may not be narrowed at the top as the adjustment is
carried farther, each of the parts -B and B is furnished with a link or joint i, see
Figs. 8 and 9.
The adjustment of the collar body, itself is effected as follows. Firstly, the
collar body is formed of two parts, an upper part,-shown in Fig. 4 and an under
part shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The joining of these two parts is obtained by the
arrangement under which the edge or border and body of the under part terminate
in studs or projections 2¹ (Figs. 6 and 7), whilst on corresponding places in the
upper part (Fig. 4) corresponding sleeves or sockets are formed, which receive
the studs or projections 2¹. The studs or projections z¹ and the sleeves or sockets h
are set opposite to each other in the direction of their length, whereby the rigidity
of the junction is increased.
The under part is once more divided in the middle at the lower bend. Here
the edge or border terminates on both sides in a cylindrical stud 22 (Figs. 1, 3
and 6) which engages in a sleeve or socket h¹ pushed over it, whilst the one body
end formed as a broad projection z¹ or engages with the other end which is formed
as a correspondingly broad sleeve or socket h.
The several or individual parts of the collar body are firmly connected with the
corresponding parts of the hames, so that when the adjustment of the latter, which
is effected by merely rotating the tooth wheels r and r¹ takes place, the collar
body is also adjusted.
The collar pad is firmly connected with the upper part of the collar body and
tapers off smoothly from above downwards on the inner wall of the collar and
thus forms no crinkles by which chafing can be caused. The lower layer is
divided in the middle. The ends which taper off gradually and always thinner,
overlie each other so far that even when the adjustment is extended to the utmost
they overlap one another, (see Figs. 4 and 5).
The upper and under parts of the collar are held together by means of a two
part band R which is led around them and under the outer covering of the same.
When the adjustment has been effected, the collar is drawn together as much as
possible by means of the band and this latter is fastened or buckled, (Fig. 2).
By drawing the band tight or loosening it, the collar can be widened backwards
or narrowed according to requirements. The external arrangement of the band
may be as preferred.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
An adjustable horse-collar, by means of which a constantly even and regular
pad surface is obtained and chafing or galling prevented, the distinguishing
feature of which is the division of the hames and collar body at a, b and c Fig. 8
and the putting together of the body part with the assistance of a double
arrangement of stud or projections and made of leather and set opposite to
one another, and sleeves or sockets and h¹, as well as by the putting together of
adjustable iron parts A A B and B¹, capable of being pushed one over the other,
with the assistance of toothed pieces or racks formed on B and B and capable
of being pushed in sleeves or sockets a and a³, with the aid of which toothed
pieces and of toothed wheels rotatably mounted in the sleeves a¹ and a² and firmly
adjustable after each quarter turn by means of a flap k which lies over or encloses
the cross-section key stud or shaft z, the hames can be adjusted, whereupon the
body parts which are firmly connected with the hames are simultaneously pushed
with the studs or projections 1 and 2 into the sleeves or sockets h and h¹, and
by the fastening or unfastening of a band R which is led around the whole
collar, the connection can be made fast or loosened, whilst the overlapping pad

page_text: firmly connected with the upper part of the collar body and tapering off constantly
and evenly on the inner wall of the same, covers the points of connection evenly
and regularly, and thus prevents chafing substantially as described and ilustrated.
Dated this 27th day of July 1897.
F. W. GOLBY,
36 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agent for the Applicant.