Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Use in the Manufacture of Butter.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 10th July,
1893
Complete Specification Left, 10th Apr., 1894-Accepted, 25th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Use in the
Manufacture of Butter.
I, JOHN HENRY HILL DUNCAN, of 39 Coleman Street, in the City of London,
Chartered Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
In the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me dated 1st December 1891
No. 20989, I have described apparatus for use in the manufacture of butter
comprising a vessel to contain the cream to be converted into butter, one or more
rotary vertical discs arranged to rotate therein, and a hood cover or guard
arranged above the disc or discs and against which the cream is thrown by
centrifugal force by the said disc or discs so as to be finally converted by the
concussion it receives into butter granules. To enable these butter granules to be
washed in the same apparatus as that in which they are formed I have described
in the Specification of my application for Letters Patent dated 6th December 1892
No. 22386 a modified construction of apparatus of the kind referred to wherein the
sides of the vessel are extended to a height above the top of the disc or discs so
that after the butter granules have been formed, they can be quickly and effectually
washed by running off the butter milk and charging the vessel with water and
again rotating the disc or discs in such a manner as to cause the butter granules to
be drawn down and circulated in the water. Now my present invention has for
object inter alia to enable the vessel and hood, cover or guard of apparatus of the
kind hereinabove referred to, to be also utilized to form part of a drying machine
wherein the butter granules after being washed, can be quickly and effectually
dried, thereby considerably reducing the cost of the plant necessary for the complete
manufacture of butter and economising space.
For this purpose I provide a receptacle (hereinafter called a basket) formed with
a perforated or reticulated periphery and adapted at its sides to be supported between
the sides of the churning vessel hereinbefore referred to, so that it can be rotated
at a high speed about a horizontal axis through suitable means such as gearing or
otherwise from the exterior of the vessel, the said receptacle being made in
detachable parts or provided with a charging opening or otherwise so formed that
it can be easily lined with material such as muslin, that will readily permit of the
escape of the water mixed with the butter granules but not of the butter granules
themselves, and so that it can be readily charged with washed butter granules.
The arrangement is such that after the butter granules have been formed and
washed, and it may be brined, in the same apparatus, the rotary vertical disc or
discs can be removed and replaced by the basket hereinbefore referred to and into
which the muslin or other lining and washed butter granules have been previously
placed so that upon then rapidly rotating the said basket about its horizontal axis
the water mixed with the butter granules will be removed therefrom by centrifugal
force through the periphery of the basket and caught by the vessel, and the hood
cover or guard with which the same is provided. The basket may be made of
various forms; thus its periphery may be of cylindrical or angular shape. To
facilitate the insertion of the muslin or other lining and also of the butter granules
one end of the said basket may be made detachable.
To permit of the said basket being readily inserted within and removed from the
vessel, it is provided at one side according to one arrangement with a projection or
spindle adapted to enter or engage with a bearing carried by one side of and

page_text: within the vessel, and at the other side is provided with a socket adapted to engage
with and be supported by the inner end of a driving spindle that passes through
the opposite side of the vessel and is adapted to be rapidly rotated by suitable
means such as gearing and a crank handle. To enable the disc or discs to be
readily inserted within and removed from the vessel as required, the sides thereof,
or the ends of the shaft upon which it or they is or are fixed may be similarly
constructed.
The basket may be provided internally with suitable means such as one or more
rings by means of which the muslin or other lining can be detachably secured in
place.
Although I consider it advantageous to adapt the basket to be used in a butter
making machine of the kind herein referred to, it is to be understood that such a
basket may be combined with a vessel having a bood cover or guard so as to
form a drying machine intended only for drying in the manner described, butter
granules that have been formed and washed, and it may be brined, in a separate
machine or machines.
Dated this 10th don of Jul 1893
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Use in the
Manufacture of Butter.
I, JOHN HENRY HILL DUNCAN, of 39 Coleman Street, in the City of
London, Chartered Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
In the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me dated 1st December 1891
No. 20989, I have described apparatus for use in the manufacture of butter
comprising a vessel to contain the cream to be converted into butter, one or more
rotary vertical discs arranged to rotate therein, and a hood cover or guard arranged
above the disc or discs and against which the cream is thrown by centrifugal force
by the said disc or discs so as to be finally converted by the concussion it receives
into butter granules. To enable these butter granules to be washed in the same
apparatus as that in which they are formed I have described in the Specification
of other Letters Patent granted to me dated 6th December 1892 No. 22386;a
modified construction of apparatus of the kind referred to wherein the sides of the
vessel are extended to a height above the top of the disc or discs so that after the
butter granules have been formed. they can be quickly and effectually washed by
running off the butter milk and charging the vessel with water and again rotating
the disc or discs in such a manner as to cause the butter granules to be drawn down
and circulated in the water.
Now my present invention has for object inter alia to enable the vessel and hood
cover or guard of apparatus of the kind hereinabove referred to, to be also utilized
to form part of a drying machine wherein the butter granules after being washed,
can be quickly and effectually dried, thereby considerably reducing the cost of the
plant necessary for the complete manufacture of butter and economising space.
For this purpose I provide a receptacle (hereinafter called a basket) formed
with a perforated or reticulated periphery and adapted at its sides to be supported
between the sides of the churning vessel hereinbefore referred to, so that it can be
rotated at a high speed about a horizontal axis through suitable means such as
gearing or otherwise from the exterior of the vessel, the said receptacle being made

page_text: in detachable parts or provided with a charging opening or otherwise so formed
that it can be easily lined with material such as muslin, that will readily permit of
the escape of the water mixed with the butter granules but not of the butter
granules themselves, and so that it can be readily charged with washed butter
granules..
The basket may be made of various forms, thus its periphery may be of
cylindrical or angular shape. To facilitate the insertion of the muslin or other
lining and also of the butter granules one end of the said basket may be made
detachable.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are respectively a part front elevation with part of the casing
removed, a cross section, and a plan, of a churn or apparatus of the kind last
herein referred to but with the disc or discs employed for the churning and
washing operations replaced by a basket such as described in order to adapt such
churn or apparatus for use as a centrifugal drying machine.
Figs. 4 and 5 are elevations of the respective ends of the basket;
Fig. 6 is a side view thereof; and
Fig. 7 is a plan of its hollow boss.
Fig. 8 is a sectional detail view illustrating a modified construction hereinafter
referred to.
Fig. 9 is a cross section of a combined churning and washing and drying
machine.
1 is the churning vessel provided with a removable hood, cover or guard 2,
(Fig. 9) and with a rotary spindle 3 on which the rotary discs 4 are fixed when
churning and washing, and which is provided on one end with a pinion 5 by which
it can be driven at a high rate of speed from a toothed wheel 5* by means of a
crank handle or otherwise, all as described in my said former Specification
No. 22386.
6, Figs. 4 to 7 inclusive, is a cylindrical basket having a perforated or reticulated
periphery and end walls 6", 6"; carried by a central hollow boss 7 adapted to fit the
rotary spindle 3, (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) which, except its ends, may be of square form
in cross section. 8 is a lining of material such as muslin. To enable this lining
and the butter granules to be readily placed within the basket, one of the end walls,
viz. 6b is, in the example shewn, made removable, the inner end of the muslin
lining being held in place by a ring 9, whilst its outer end is held in place by the
removable end wall 6 which is adapted to be held in the closed position by a
catch 10 (Figs. 4 and 7). This catch is pivoted to a recessed part 7 of the boss 7,
and is adapted to bear against a recessed or cut away part 6b of the boss 6° of the
said end wall without projecting beyond the end surface of such boss. The boss 7
is preferably made detachable as shown in Fig. 7, and is provided with a head 7*
and with keys 11 for engagement with the end walls 6" 6°.
The walls of the basket are also sometimes made without the boss catch 10 but
with bolts extending from near the periphery of the one wall to that of the other
with bolt head at one end and small thumb screws at the other so as to connect the
two walls together. The wooden sleeve 7 can also be dispensed with if the walls
are provided with square holes in metal through which the rotary spindle 3
can pass.
The rotary spindle 3, which extends through the two sides of the vessel 1, is in
the arrangement shown and now being described, made capable of being withdrawn
end ways, together with the pinion when it is desired to replace the discs 4, by the
basket; normally it is held endways in place by any suitable means, such as a
plate 12, which may be pivotted to a guard or protective casing enclosing the
gearing 5, 5*, as shown in dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2.
To facilitate the fitting of the basket to the spindle 3, its end walls may
advantageously be each formed with an annular recess 13, and a radial recess 13"
to receive a laterally projecting pin 14, carried by a bar 14ª formed with an eye
portion 14° which is fixed to a rod 15 and is adapted to bear upon the tops of the

page_text: side walls of the vessel 1, as indicated in dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2, the arrange-
ment being such that by inserting the pins 14 through the radial recesses 13ª in
the end-walls of the basket 6 and afterwards partly turning the basket so that the
said pins enter the annular recesses 13, then, upon inserting the basket in the
vessel 1 and allowing the eye portions 14 to bear upon the side walls of the vessel 1°
as shown, the said bars 14 will hold the basket suspended with its axis in the same
horizontal plane as that containing the axis of the spindle 3 so that all that will
be then necessary to do to enable the said spindle to be passed through the boss 7,
so as to carry the basket, will be to adjust the basket horizontally until the hole in
the boss is brought opposite the spindle.
As will be seen the arrangement is such that after the butter granules have been
formed and washed, and it may be brined, in the vessel 1, the rotary vertical disc
or discs 4 can be readily removed and replaced by the basket 6 into which the
muslin or other lining and washed butter granules have been previously placed, so
that upon then rapidly rotating the said basket about its horizontal axis by means
of the spindle 3 and gearing 5 5", the water mixed with the butter granules will be
removed therefrom by centrifugal force through the periphery of the basket, and
caught by the vessel 1 and the hood cover or guard 2; or the latter may at this
time, be advantageously replaced by a cloth or flat lid that will serve to catch the
water thrown off by centrifugal force.
In the modified construction shown in Fig. 8, the basket 6 is provided at one
side with a projection or spindle 7b adapted to enter or engage with a bearing 7°
carried by one side of the vessel 1, and at the other side is provided with a socket 7
adapted to engage with and be supported by the inner end of the driving spindle 3,
which is then made only of sufficient length to pass through the opposite side of
the vessel and engage with the socket as shown. In this case, to enable the disc
or discs to be readily inserted within and removed from the vessel as required, the
sides thereof, or the ends of the boss 4º, upon which it or they is or are fixed, may
be similarly constructed.
Although I consider it advantageous to adapt the basket to be used in a butter-
making machine of the kind herein referred to, as described, it is to be understood
that such a basket may be combined with a vessel having a hood, cover or guard
so as to form a drying machine intended only for drying, in the manner described,
butter granules that have been formed and washed, and it may be brined, in a
separate machine or machines. Or the vessel with hood cover or guard may be
replaced by a removable casing or cloth supported out of contact with the basket
and serving to catch the water thrown off from the basket by centrifugal force;
or the apparatus may in certain cases be used without any cover.
In either case,
the drying machine may be combined with a churn, if desired, as shown in Fig. 9,
which shews a drying machine combined with a churning and washing machine of
the kind hereinbefore referred to. 6 is the basket mounted to rotate about a
horizontal axis and carried by a spindle 16 one end of which is carried by a
standard 17 fixed upon an extension of the support 18 carrying the churning and
washing vessel 1 the other end of the said spindle being coupled to the churn
spindle 3, as for instance by a spigot and socket connection 19 of square form in
cross section, so that whilst churning or washing is being effected in the vessel 1
by the discs 4 previously formed and washed butter granules can be simultaneously
dried in the basket 6, the charged basket acting as a fly wheel to the said discs.
20 is a casing or cover to catch the water thrown off by centrifugal force from the
basket 6. The drying vessel may however be placed at a distance from the
churning vessel and be separately operated if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In the manufacture of butter the use in the manner set forth of apparatus
such as described and illustrated for removing water from the butter.

page_text: 2. For removing water from butter the combination of drying apparatus with
the churning vessel and driving gear of a churn as described and illustrated.
TATIVAT
HIND
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.