IMPROVEMENTS IN LAC
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Howarth, Dentist, and Mason Pearson,
Overlooker, both of Bradford, in the County of York, and John Pearson,
of Thornton, in the same County, Jacquard Harness Maker, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAC
Sealed the 2nd July 1867, and dated the 17th January 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Howarth, Mason.
Pearson, and John Pearson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,.
with their Petition, on the 17th January 1867.
We, WILLIAM HOWARTH, Dentist, and MASON PEARSON, Overlooker, both
of Bradford, in the County of York, and JOHN PEARSON, of Thornton, in the
same County, Jacquard Harness Maker, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD ENGINES," to be as.
follows:-
Our Invention consists in making two of the usual jacquard uprights or
hooks of one piece of bent wire, whereas it has heretofore been customary to
make each upright or hook of a separate piece of wire, the object being to
prevent the uprights or hooks from turning when the machine is at work,

page_text: thereby enabling the loom to which the jacquard is applied to be worked at a
greater speed than heretofore. The bent upper ends of the double uprights
or hooks may be of the same height, or they may be of different heights
when applied to swivel looms in which the ordinary grifes are used for making
a double lift to produce the sheds for the passage of the ordinary and swivel
shuttles; in all cases each arm of the double upright or hook passes through
an ordinary needle, and as the needles are selected to form the shed the arms
are pressed forward or held back to bring the hook or hooks over the grife, or
to leave one or both of them beyond the reach of the grife, according to the
pattern required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed.
by the said William Howarth, Mason Pearson, and John Pearson in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th July 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
HOWARTH, Dentist, and MASON PEARSON, Overlooker, both of Bradford, in the
County of York,. and JOHN PEARSON, of Thornton, in the same County,
Jacquard Harness Maker, send greeting:
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
William Howarth, Mason Pearson, and John Pearson, Her special license
that we, the said William Howarth, Mason Pearson, and Jolin Pearson, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William
Howarth, Mason Pearson, and John Pearson, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD ENGINES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said William Howarth, Mason Pearson, and John
Pearson, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Howarth, Mason Pearson,
and John Pearson, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
:-
Our Invention consists in making two of the usual jacquard uprights or
hooks of one piece of bent wire, whereas it has heretofore been customary to
make each upright or hook of a separate piece of wire; by this means the
uprights or hooks are prevented from turning when the loom is at work, and
the jacquard engine is simplified. The bent upper ends of the double uprights
or hooks may be of the same height, or they may be of different heights 'when
applied to swivel looms in which the ordinary grifes are used for making a
double lift to produce the sheds for the passage of the ordinary and swivel
shuttles; in all cases each arm of the double upright or hook passes through
an ordinary needle, and as the needles are selected to form the shed the arms
are pressed forward or held back to bring the hook or hooks over the grife or
to leave one or both of them beyond the reach of the grife, according to the
pattern required.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into operation we will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a front view and Figure 2 an end elevation of a double jacquard
engine constructed according to our improvements.
a, a, are the frames of the jacquard engine, which are secured to the
rails b, b, or to the top framing of the loom in the usual manner; c is the
bottom board, on which the ends of the hooks d rest, and through which are
holes for the cords of the harness to pass through, as in ordinary jacquards.
The books d, shewn detached in Figure 3, are all made double instead of single,
as now customary, and each arm of the double hook passes through an eye of
the needles e; these needles are guided in the usual needle boards and g, to
the latter of which is connected the spring box h for pressing back the ends
of the needles after they have been selected and pushed forward by the usual
jacquard cards. The grifes i are made and worked up and down in the usual
manner, the ends of the grife frame being guided by the rods J and sockets K
fixed to the side frames a. The bent upper ends of the hooks d are made of
different heights, as shewn in Figure 2, to adapt them for a loom in which
swivel shuttles are employed, consequently when the grife is raised the shorter
hooks are raised sufficiently to form the shed for the passage of the swivel
shuttles, while the longer hooks are only raised as much as is required to form
the shed for the passage of the shuttle by which the ground of the fabric is

page_text: woven, and both these sheds are produced at the same lift of the grife, thereby
allowing the swivel shuttles and the ordinary shuttle to be thrown across the
sheds simultaneously.
We wish to observe that the bottom board e is made with longitudinal
grooves to receive the bent lower ends of the double hooks d, which are thus
prevented from turning, and that the healds or harness of the loom are
suspended to the cords in passing through the cumber or harness board l.
Instead of making the double hooks d of different heights, as shewn in the
Drawing, they may be made of the same height, but in this case the grife
must be made with shoulders, so as to lift some of the hooks higher than the
others in order to produce the sheds for the swivel and the ordinary shuttles.
In Figure 1 we have shewn our improvements as applied to a double jacquard
engine, but we wish it to be understood that our improvements are also
applicable to single jacquard engines.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, we declare that what we claim as our improvements
in jacquard engines is, the double hook marked d, each arm of which is acted
upon by a needle, as shewn and as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Howarth, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of July, One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-seven.
WILLIAM HOWARTH.
(L.S.)