Improvements in Mortising Machines.
Year: 1896

page_text: Improvements in Mortising Machines.
I, GEORGE WOODBRIDGE PEARCE, of 53 Oxford Road, High Wycombe, in the
County of Bucks, Cabinet Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in mortising machines whereby, firstly,
mortising can be done at both sides of the machine at the same time, that is to say
that the machine is double sided, secondly, whereby two mortises can be made at one
side of the machine at the same time, and thirdly, whereby the said two mortises
made at one side of the machine may be made either in line with, or at an angle to
one another.
For these purposes I mount on a suitable frame work two headstocks each of
which carries a revolving spindle both ends of which are adapted to receive mortising
bits of the usual or any other suitable construction. These headstocks are adapted to
slide to and fro on suitable guides, in such manner that the spindle and mortising
hits are traversed to and fro parallel to themselves to the extent of the lengths of
the desired mortises, as is already well understood in connection with certain kinds
of mortising machines. This to and fro motion may be imparted to the headstocks
by cranks and connecting rods driven by suitable gearing, or by any other suitable
mechanical appliances, preferably however such as can be adjusted so that the travel
of the headstocks may be varied to suit the length of mortise required.
At each side of the machine, opposite to the ends of the aforesaid spindles, is
arranged a suitable clamping device for holding the piece or pieces of timber to be
mortised. These clamping devices are preferably mounted on brackets or other
supports which are fitted to slide vertically in guides on the framework of the
machine, to enable the piece of timber to be inortised to be raised or lowered according
to the position on them of the place where the mortises are to be made, they are also
adapted to slide on suitable guides so as to move the work to and from the mortising
bits as may be required; they may also be pivotted so that the work can be set at
any required angle to the spindles, to enable mortises to be made obliquely in the
timber.
The above described arrangements enable the two first mentioned objects to be
attained, namely mortising at both sides of the machine, and the making of two
mortises at the same time at one side of the machine. In order to attain the third
object above mentioned, namely, the making of the two mortises at one side of the
machine, either in line with or at an angle to one another, the slide carrying the two
spindle headstocks is hinged at the middle, or at a point between the two headstocks,
so that its two ends can be canted in order to cause the headstocks to traverse when
required, in planes which stand at an angle to one another; when; however, the two
mortises are to be made in line with or in planes parallel to one another the slide
carrying the two spindle headstocks remains straight.
The movements of the various parts of the machine may be communicated from a
main shaft or otherwise by means of gearing, belting and so forth in the usual way,
and the feed of the material towards the mortising bits may be effected by hand, or by
automatic gear of any suitable kind.

page_text: When the machine is required to mortise at both sides, but is not required to make
two mortises at the same time at one side it may be provided with a single double-
ended spindle headstock only, instead of two as above described.
G. W. PEARCE,
Per W. H. Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.
I, GEORGE WOODBRIDGE PEARCE, of 53 Oxford Road, High Wycombe in the
County of Bucks, Cabinet Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in mortising machines whereby, firstly,
mortising can be done at both sides of the machine at the same time, that is to say
that the machine is double sided; secondly, whereby two mortises can be made at one
side of the machine at the same time, and thirdly, whereby the said two mortises
made at one side of the machine may be made either in line with, or at an angle to
one another.
And in order that the said invention may be fully understood I will proceed to
describe the same with the aid of the accompanying three sheets of drawings in
which Figure 1 is a plan of so much of a mortising machine, as is necessary for
the elucidation of my invention as applied thereto, Figure 2 is a side elevation of
same, with certain of the parts removed for the sake of clearness, and Figure 3 is an
end elevation.
For the purposes of my invention 'I mount on a suitable frame work or base A
two headstocks B, each of which carries a revolving spindle C both ends of which
are adapted to receive mortising bits D of the usual or any other suitable construction.
These headstocks B are mounted on slides T adapted to be moved to and fro on
suitable guides E in such manner that the spindles C and mortising bits D are
traversed to and fro parallel to themselves to the extent of the lengths of the desired
mortises, as is already well understood in connection with certain kinds of mortising
machines. This to and fro motion may be imparted to the headstocks B by crank-
pins F, mounted adjustably on crank-plates G, and by connecting rods H taking at
one end on to the crank-pins F and pin-jointed at the other end to the slides T. The
said crank-plates G may be rotated by speed pulleys G' driven by belting from any
suitably placed driving shaft, or by any other suitable mechanical appliances which
will allow of the travel of the headstocks without interfering with the driving effect.
The crank-pins F may be adjusted nearer to or further from the centre of the crank
plates to suit the length of mortise to be made, by any of the devices usually
employed for such a purpose. In the drawing the crank-pins are shown mounted on
arms pivoted to the crank-plates at F2 and having at their outer ends segmental
slots F3 through which pass clamping studs I fixed in the crank-plates and provided
with tightening nuts F. The crank-plates G and driving pulleys G' may be arranged
to rotate freely on studs G2 fixed in the brackets G connect.d with or forming
part of the slides I which carry the guides E, slides T and headstocks B. These
slides I move in guides l' on the frame or base A, and can be adjusted to and
from one another by the traversing screws J, which pass through screwed holes in

page_text: the tail pieces I' of the slides I, to suit the positions of the intended mortises in the
material to be operated upon.
At each side of the machine, opposite to the ends of the aforesaid spindles, is
arranged a suitable clamping device for holding the piece or pieces of timber to be
mortised. This clamping device may consist, as shown in the drawings, of a bar or
plate K provided with slots K through which the bits D can operate upon the
inaterial clamped against the back of the bar or plate K by means of the clamping
screws L working through tapped holes in the brackets M connected to the bar or
plate K by the parts N which may be pivotted at N' to supporting brackets O, so that
the work can be set at any required angle to the spindles C and bits D in order to
enable mortises to be made obliquely in the timber. The brackets O are mounted on
slides P adapted to be moved on the guides P¹ towards or away from the bits D by
means of racks P2 and pinions P3; and the whole clamping device is preferably
mounted on brackets Q which are fitted to slide vertically in guides R on the frame-
work or base A of the machine, so as to enable the pieces of timber to be mortised
to be raised or lowered according to the position on them of the place where the
mortises are to be made. The brackets Q can be raised and lowered by means of
traversing screws S in the well known manner.
The above described arrangements enable the two first mentioned objects to be
attained, namely, mortising at both sides of the machine, and the making of two
mortises at the same time at one side of the machine. In order to attain the third
object above mentioned, namely, the making of the two mortises at one side of the
machine either in line with or at an angle to one another, each of the slides T
carrying the spindle headstocks B is hinged at U to its supporting slide I so that it
can he canted in order to cause its headstock and spindle to traverse, when required,
in a plane which stands at an angle to that traversed by the other headstock or at an
angle to the bed of the machine. When, however, the two mortises are to be made
in line with or in planes parallel to one another the slides T remain parallel to the
supporting slides I. The slides T can be clamped in the required position by means
of clamping screws V in the slides I passing through segmental slots W' in
lugs W on the guides E, and arranged to clamp the said lugs tightly against parts
of the slides I.
Mortising machines constructed as above described enable some kinds of work to
be done much more conveniently and expeditiously than heretofore, for example a
complete chair back can be slot-mortised at one operation which has not been
practicable with any mortising machine heretofore in use so far as I am aware.
Motion may be communicated to the spindle C by belting from an overhead shaft
acting upon the pulleys X, or by any other suitable driving gear; and the feed of
the material towards the mortising bits may be effected by hand, or by automatic
gear of any suitable kind.
When the machine is required to mortise at both ends, but is not required to
make two mortises at the same time at one side, it may be provided with one double-
ended spindle headstock only instead of two as above described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The improvement in mortising machines which consists in so constructing
and arranging the parts of the machine that mortising can be done at both sides
thereof at the same time, substantially as described.
Secondly. In a mortising machine arranging two mortising spindles side by side
on separate slides operated by suitable traversing gear for the purpose of making
two mortises at one side of the machine at the same time, substantially as
described.
Thirdly. In a mortising machine, mounting the mortising spindle headstock on a
slide adapted to be canted at an angle, substantially as described and for the purpose
specified.

page_text: Fourthly. The improved mortising machine, constructed, arranged, and operating
substantially as described.
CA
11007
G. W. PEARCE,
Per W. H. Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.