IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS AND VAPORISING VESSELA
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Joseph Kennelly, of No. 8, King's Bench Walk,
Temple, in the City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS AND VAPORISING VESSELA"
Sealed the 28th December 1878, and dated the 2nd September 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Joseph Kennelly at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd September 1878.
DAVID JOSEPH KENNELLY, of No. 8, King's Bench Walk, Temple, in the City
of London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS AND VAPORISING
VESSELS."
In the Specification to Letters Patent granted to me on the 1st April 1878,
No. 1280, I'described the application to boilers and vaporising vessels of a separator
or receptacle for collecting deposit and residue from the liquid undergoing
vaporisation.
My present Invention relates to improvements in apparatus of this kind and in
the means of effecting circulation of the liquid through the apparatus, the object
being, in respect of steam boilers, to clear the water of deposit and so to avoid the
burning of the flue plates or tubes and the priming resulting from viscidity, and
in respect of other boilers and vaporising vessels, such as those employed for the
distillation of oils or hydrocarbons, to collect the residue in an accessible place clear
of the heating surface, and so to provide for continuous or prolonged working
without having to stop for clearing out such residue.
For this purpose I provide for a boiler a separator or strong vessel, which com-
municates with the boiler by two pipes, a flow pipe leading from the upper part of
the liquid in the boiler at the place where the vaporisation therein is most energetic
to the upper part of the separator, and a return pipe leading from a lower level of
the separator to the lowest and coolest part of the boiler. Into the separator I
direct the feed of the boiler or a portion thereof, which has the effect of cooling the
[Prine Gar

page_text: liquid, and so causing a circulation from the upper level of the boiler through the
separator and back again to the lower level of the boiler.
By directing the flow of the feed more or less into the circulating pipes I am
enabled to increase or diminish the circulation through the separator, and for this
purpose I provide a suitable by pass for the feed with regulating valves or cocks
by which its flow can be adjusted.
The separator is made of a sectional area, considerably greater than that of the
return and flow pipes, so that the circulating liquid passes through it very slowly,
depositing in it impurities or residuary matters. These collect at the bottom of
the separator, which is carried some distance below the mouth of the return pipe,
so as to provide a pocket for collection of the deposit or residue. From time to
time a blow-off cock at the bottom of the separator is opened, and a portion of the
deposit or residue is blown out.
It is advantageous to provide in the separator a diaphragm or partition, so
arranged as to prevent a direct current from the flow to the return pipe, which
would interfere with the separating action resulting from retardation.
When several boilers or vaporising vessels are worked together one separator
may serve for the set.
By collecting in separators and removing therefrom the residue resulting from
the distillation of oils or hydrocarbons, and supplying a suitable amount of feed,
I am enabled to work the boilers or vaporising vessels continuously for lengthoned
periods without having to stop for clearing out the boilers themselves.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said David Joseph Kennelly in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th
February 1879.
DAVID JOSEPH KENNELLY, of No. 8, King's Beach Walk, Temple, in the City
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS AND VAPORISING
of London.
VESSELS."
In the Specification to Letters Patent granted to me on the 1st of April 1878,
No. 1286, I described the application of boilers and vaporising vessels of a separator
or receptacle for collecting deposit and residue from the liquid undergoing
vaporisation.
My present Invention relates to improvements in apparatus of this kind and in
the means of effecting circulation of the liquid through the apparatus, the object
being, in respect of steam boilers, to clear the water of deposit and so to avoid the
burning of the flue plates or tubes and the priming resulting from viscidity, and
in respect of other boilers and vaporising vessels, such as those employed for the
distillation of oils or hydrocarbons, to collect the residue in an accessible place clear
of the heating surface, and so to provide for continuous or prolonged working
without having to stop for clearing out such residue.
For this purpose I provide for a boiler a separator or strong vessel, which com-
municates with the boiler by two pipes, a flow pipe leading from the upper part
of the liquid in the boiler at the place where the vaporisation therein is most
energetic to the upper part of the separator, and a return pipe leading from a lower
level of the separator to the lowest and coolest part of the boiler. Into the
separator I direct the feed of the boiler, or a portion thereof which has the effect
of cooling the liquid, and so causing a circulation from the upper level of the boiler
through the separator and back again to the lower level of the boiler.
By directing the flow of the feed more or less into the circulating pipes I am
enabled to increase or diminish the circulation through the separator, and for this
purpose I provide a suitable by-pass for the feed with regulating valves or cocks
by which its flow can be adjusted.
The separator is made of a sectional area, considerably greater than that of the
return and flow pipes, so that the circulating liquid passes through it very slowly,
depositing in it impurities or residuary matters. These collect at the bottom of the
separator, which is carried some distance below the mouth of the return pipe, so
as to provide a pocket for collection of the deposit or residue. From time to time a
blow-off cock at the bottom of the separator is opened and a portion of the deposit
or residue is blown out.
It is advantageous to provide in the separator a diaphragm or partition, so
arranged as to prevent a direct current from the flow to the return pipe which
would interfere with the separating action resulting from retardation.
When several boilers or vaporising vessels are worked together one separator
may serve for the set.
By collecting in separators and removing therefrom the residue resulting from
the distillation of oils or hydrocarbons, and supplying a suitable amount of feed, I
am enabled to work the boilers or vaporising vessels continuously for lengthened
periods without having to stop for clearing out the boilers themselves.
The accompanying Drawing represents a vertical section of apparatus, according
to my Invention, applied to a boiler A, which I have shewn as being one of the
Cornish kind, but which may be of any other form. From the boiler A two pipes,
the one, B, nearly at the upper level of the liquid in the boiler, and the other, C,
at the bottom or nearly so, communicate with the separator or vessel D, through
which the liquid circulates. A deflector E is arranged at the mouth of the pipe B
to intercept direct passage of fluid from it to the pipe C.

page_text: In order to increase the circulation through the separator the feed supplied by
the pipe F is directed into either or both of the pipes B and C, as determined by
the opening or closing of stop-cocks or valves in the branches H and K.
If desired, there may be a separate branch, as indicated by the dotted lines L,
for feeding the boiler when the branches H and K are closed.
Instead of separate cocks or valves there may be a single valve box at G, the
junction of the feed branches, by which the flow through each can be regulated as
desired.
A blow-off cock or valve M serves to clear out deposit from the separator D or
to empty it, the pipes B and C being closed by stop-cocks or valves N and O.
The details and arrangement of the parts of the apparatus may obviously be
varied, to suit the particular dimensions and situations of the boilers or evaporating
vessels to which it is applied.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that I make no general claim to the
use of a separator or vessel communicating with a boiler or vaporising vessel for
the purpose of collecting sediment or residue, but I claim, the combination of the
separator D and its flow and return pipes B and C with the branch feed pipes H
and K, or either of them, substantially as herein described with reference to the
accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Joseph Kennelly, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.