AN IMPROVED METHOD OR PROCESS OF CASTING METALLIC RINGS GUNS ROLLERS AND THE LIKE
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
".
We JOSEPH WHITLEY of Railway Works, Leeds in the County of York,
Engineer and Founder, and JOHN ROBINSON WHITLEY of 7. Poultry London.E.C.
in the County of Middlesex Merchant do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OR PROCESS OF CASTING METALLIC RINGS
GUNS ROLLERS AND THE LIKE" to be as follows:-
13 NTT
Whereas hitherto Metallic Rollers have been cast or forged from Ingots in one
piece, Our Invention has for its object the casting of Rollers in several layers of
different metals and of varying densities and for the purpose of procuring a
stronger harder and more durable and workable roll the first layer being very hard
the second a little softer and the rest of the toughest possible metal or compounds
of metals, the whole being cast in special moulds made for the purpose so as to
enable us to cast the "several layers whilst the Moulds are rotating at a high
velocity and in the order of succession immediately after the first and subsequent
crystalizations have set until the last which we prefer to cast whilst the Mould is
stationary,

page_text: .
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
.
We, JOSEPH WHITLEY of Railway Works, Leeds in the county of York,
Engineer and Founder, and JOHN ROBINSON WHITLEY, of Poultry, London do.
hereby declare the nature of invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OR PROCESS
and in what manner
OF CASTING METALLIC RINGS GUNS ROLLERS AND THE LIKE
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
"
Whereas hitherto metallic rollers have been cast or forged from ingots in one
piece our invention has for its object the casting of rollers and other circular forms
in several layers of different. metals and of varying densities for the purpose of
producing a stronger harder and more durable and workable roll or other cylindrical
article. The first layer being very hard the second a little-softer and the subsequent
ones of the toughest metal or compound of metals when the wearing surface is on
the exterior, but when the internal surface is to resist the wear and tear then the
above order of casting the layers is reversed the outer surface or first cast is the
softest and so on to the last cast of hardest metal. The whole being cast in special
moulds or chills made for the purpose so as to enable us to cast the several layers
whilst the moulds are rotating at a high velocity and in the order of succession
required immediately after the first and subsequent crystallizations have set until
the last and which in some cases we prefer to cast whilst the mould is stationary
and in a vertical position. The various purposes to which our invention may be
applied will be evident to every one engaged in metallurgical pursuits such as for
the making of rollers whose peripheries are to be applied to crushing purposes
when reducing hard substances to a fine powder or in forges when rolling slabs into
thin plates or sheets or when making rolls for printing or embossing purposes or
for crushing ores or for road rollers. Our invention is also applicable to the casting
of wheels and wheel-tyres for railway and other purposes in which case we cast the
periphery of the wheel or tyre of very hard steel so as to resist wear and tear and
the inner portion of a softer tougher metal. Our invention is also applicable to
the manufacture of steel rails; the wearing surface of the rail can be made of the
bardest steel required and the floor face or flange of tougher steel during the
process of casting either in moulds or chills. By this invention also trunnion hoops
and hoops generally for guns and other cylindrical forms, liners for steam cylinders
and for other purposes where great frictional wear and tear are to be overcome.
When we form a railway tyre we determine the weight and thickness and having
got the exact section we form our mould or chill by model or template and when
ready we cause about one-third or other required proportion of the total weight of
the metal and which is the hardest to be poured into the mould and whilst yet in a
molten state we add a softer and tougher metal until the tyre is formed such tyre
may be subsequently rolled to completion. So in like manner when we cast a
railway wheel having a disc and boss the outer periphery is cast of the hardest
metal required, the whole of the disc arm and boss portion being cast of a softer
and tougher material.

page_text: When we make rails we construct circular moulds or chills of the required form
into which when ready we pour sufficient hard steel to form the wearing surface of
the rail and then complete the cast with a softer and tougher class of steel which
when sufficiently cold we cause to be cut by a saw or shears and then straightened
and rolled down to the finished size, the weight of a given length and the amount of
rolling to be given being first determined. By this process also of casting different
layers of metals in one casting the construction of stampers for the pulverization
of metals and metallic ores and for other purposes can easily be formed in one
block. Gun barrels of large sizes may also be cast by this process together with
the inner hoops and outer trunnion hoops for the completion of the gun.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
The method or process substantially as set forth of constructing metallic-castings
in layers of different densities or qualities.
Dated this 13th day of March 1885.
Signed in the presence of me,
CHA GRANGER,
JOSEPH WHITLEY.
JOHN ROBINSON WHITLEY.
. A Commissioner to administer Oaths in the Supreme
Court of Judicature in England.