ROVEMENT
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Cutler at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th March 1878.
SAMUEL CUTLER, of Millwall, in the County of Middlesex.
VALVES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention has reference to hydraulic valves specially adapted for use in the
manufacture and distribution of gas, and has for its object their construction in
such a manner as to secure perfect soundness.
The arrangement generally consists of rectangular, square, or other shaped vessels,
having partitions dividing them into several compartments, some of the partitions
having an opening at the top and others at the bottom, the latter serving to shut
off the flow of gas in any specified direction by being made to constitute a lute
joint, water or other liquid being let into one or more compartiments, as the case
may be, the valves being fitted with tubes and cocks to effect that object.
The several modifications and forms of this valve included in this Invention are
as follows:-Three-way or bye-pass valves, which can also be made to serve as stop
valves, valves for inlet to several purifiers, valves for outlet to several purifiers, and
centre or multiple-way valves.
The bye-pass valve consists of a rectangular, square, or other shaped vessel,
divided by partitions into six compartments or three pairs of compartments, the
first and second forming one pair, the third and fourth another, and the fifth and
sixth another pair, the partition dividing them respectively into pairs being open
at the bottom, while the pair constituted by the third and fourth is isolated from

page_text: the fifth and sixth and the first and second. In the upper part of the valve are
connections serving as inlet or outlet, according to the manner in which the valve
is worked, and attached to the vessel there are to each pair of compartments tubes
for the admission and withdrawal of water or other liquid by which the several
partitions are sealed, the water or other liquid being admitted to the required
height for that purpose, its admission being controlled by three-way or other suitable
arrangement of cocks fitted to the tubes.
The first or general inlet compartment communicates with the second through a
space left in the lower part of the partition dividing it from the second. In the
same way the first compartment coinmunicates with the third through a space left
in the top of the partition, dividing it from the third; the third compartment com-
municates with the fourth through a space in the bottom of the division between
them; the fifth communicates in a similar manner with the sixth; and the sixth
compartment communicates with the second or general outlet by a space left in the
top of the partition separating them.
The mode of working the foregoing as a bye-pass or three-way valve is as
follows: To bye-pass the gas it is necessary to partially fill the third, fourth, fifth,
and sixth chambers with water or other liquid, the first and second chambers
remaining open. The gas will consequently be prevented from flowing in any other
direction but through the opening between the first and second chambers.
When it is desired to use the valve so that the gas is passed through the apparatus
connected with it the reversal of the operation must take place, those chambers
which were described as being partially filled being now empty, and those empty
partially filled.
It is to be understood that the main division is entire between the third, and
fourth, and fifth, and sixth chambers, thus isolating one from the other.
In using the valve as an inlet valve only, it will be necessary to fill two of the
chambers, leaving either the third and fourth or the fifth and sixth open, as the case
may be, according to the direction in which the valve is worked.
It is obvious that by filling two chambers the valve may be used as an outlet
valve only, or as a stop valve by filling all six compartments.
As a valve designed to control the outlets only of several purifiers or other
apparatus there is an arrangement of several chambers, with which the outlet pipes
from the several apparatus communicate. These chambers all communicate with
one general outlet compartment, that is to say, in the case of a valve for four puri-
fiers the first and second, the third and fourth, the fifth and sixth, and the seventh
and eighth all communicate with a ninth compartment over the top of the
partition between them. The partition between any pair of chambers, as that
between the first and second and the third fourth, is entire; thus the first and
second are isolated from the third and fourth, but the partition between the first
and second has an opening at the bottom, thus affording a passage for the gas from
the first to the second compartment, and thence over the top of the general partition
between the smaller chambers and the outlet chamber. From this it will be scen
that according as the smaller chambers are sealed or unsealed, so will the outlet to
that purifier (or other apparatus to which it belongs) be closed or opened. This
valve, by increasing or decreasing the number of chambers, may be inade to suit
any number of outlets.
For a valve designed to control the inlets only to several purifiers or other appa-
ratus the foregoing is reversed, the ninth chamber being converted into the main
inlet chamber, while the smaller chambers control the respective inlets. To shut off
any one purifier it is therefore only necessary to seal the respective chambers con-
trolling its inlet pipe, and consequently either the whole number or any of thein
may be closed or opened at the same time.
The modification necessary to make this valve suitable for a centre valve consists
in dividing the cylindrical, square, or other shaped vessel into three chambers, one
over the other. The crude gas inlet pipe is led into the bottom of the inlet chamber.

page_text: Around the walls of this chamber are formed vessels to hold the sealing liquid, into
which dip pipes are immersed. The last-mentioned pipes are attached to the bottom
of the middle or working chamber, and serve to communicate when unsealed with
compartments formed in the middle chamber. These compartments are constructed
similar to those of the bye-pass and other valves; they are capable of being isolated
by filling the space between the divisions with water.
When unsealed the gas can flow over the top of the partition through an opening
at the bottom of the other, and over the top of the succeeding one into other
chambers situated between the pairs already mentioned. Pipes also descend from
the bottoin of the outlet chamber into the compartments in the middle or working
chamber. These compartments communicate with the chambers before mentioned,
therefore any of the pipes just referred to may be made the clean outlet, according
to the manner of working the purifier, by unsealing any one and leaving the others
sealed.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Samuel Cutler in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th Sep-
tember 1878.
SAMUEL CUTLER, of Millwall, in the County of Middlesex.
VALVES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention has reference to hydraulic valves specially adapted for use in the
manufacture and distribution of gas, and has for its object their construction in
such a manner as to secure perfect soundness.
The arrangement generally consists of rectangular, square, or other shaped vessels,
having partitions dividing them into several compartments, some of the partitions
having an opening at the top and others at the bottom, the latter serving to shut
off the flow of gas in any specified direction by being made to constitute a luto
joint, water or other liquid being lead into one or more compartments, as the case
may be, the valves being fitted with tubes and cocks to effect that object.
The several modifications and forms of this valve included in this Invention are
as follows:-Three-way or bye-pass valves, which can also be made to serve as stop
valves, valves for inlet to several purifiers, valves for outlet to several purifiers, and
centre or multiple-way valves.
The bye-pass valve consists of a rectangular, square, or other shaped vessel A,
Fig. 1, the Figure being a sectional plan. It is divided by partitions B, C, D, E, F,
into six compartments or three pairs of compartments, those marked 1 and 2 forming
one pair, those marked 3 and another, and those marked 5 and 6 another pair,
the partitions dividing them respectively into pairs being open at the bottom, as at
G, H, Fig. 2 (which is a vertical section through Fig. 1), while the pair marked 3
and 4 is isolated from 5 and 6 and 1 and 2. In the upper part of the valve are
connections I, J, K, L, serving as inlet or outlet, according to the manner in which
the valve is worked, and attached to the vessel there are to each pair of compart-
ments tubes M for the admission and withdrawal of water or other liquid by which
the several partitions are sealed, the water or other liquid being admitted to the
required height for that purpose, its admission being controlled by three-way or other
suitable arrangement of cocks N fitted to the tubes.
The first or general inlet compartment communicates with the second through a
space G, Fig. 2, left at the lower part of the partition B, dividing it from the second.
In the same way the first compartment communicates with the third through a
space O left in the top of the partition dividing it from the third; the third com-
partiment communicates with the fourth through a space H in the bottom of the
division between them; the fifth communicates in a similar manner with the sixth,
and the sixth compartment communicates the second or general outlet by a space
left in the top of the partition separating them.
P
The mode of working the foregoing as a bye-pass or three-way valve is as
follows: To bye-pass the gas it is necessary to partially fill the third, fourth, fifth,
and sixth chambers with water or other liquid, the first and second chambers
remaining open. The gas will consequently be prevented from flowing in any
other direction but through the opening between the first and second chambers.
When it is desired to use the valve, so that the gas is passed through the
apparatus connected with it, and as depicted in Figs. 3 and 4, the reversal of the
operation must take place, those chambers which were described as being partially
filled being now empty, and those before empty partially filled.
It is to be understood that the main division is entire between the pair con-
stituted by the third and fourth, and the pair formed by the fifth and sixth
chambers, thus isolating one from the other.
In using the valve as an inlet valve only, as in Fig. 5, it will be necessary to fill
two of the chambers, leaving either the third and fourth, or the fifth and sixth
open, as the case may be, according to the direction in which the valve is worked.
It is obvious that by filling two chambers the valve may be used as an outlet
valve only, as in Fig. 6, or as a stop valve by filling all six compartments, as in Fig. 7.

page_text: As a valve designed to control the outlets only of several purifiers or other
apparatus, as shown in Fig. 8, there is an arrangement of several chambers, with
which the outlet pipes from the several apparatus communicate. In this Fig. the
chambers marked Q, Q, R, R, may be sealed separately or together, thus shutting
off the purifier on either side, as may be desired. Valves made upon this principle
are not limited with regard to the number of chambers that they may have, as in
Fig. 9 there are nino, and in Figs. 10 and 11 there are eleven compartments or
chambers to each valve.
Valves made as in Fig. 9 admit of any one, two, three, or even four purifiers
being used at once, and in any order whatever, while in Figures 10 and 11 any one,
two, three, or four purifiers may be used at once in any order, or the whole may
be bye-passed. Referring to Fig. 9, the chambers all communicate with one general
outlet compartment, that is to say, in the case of a valve for four purifiers, the first
and second, the third and fourth, the fifth and sixth, and the seventh and eighth,
all communicate with a ninth compartment over the top of the partition between
them. The partition between any pair of chambers, as that between the first and
second, and the third and fourth is entire; thus the first and second are isolated
from the third and fourth, but the partition between the first and second has an
opening at the bottom, thus affording a passage for the gas from the first to the
second compartment, and thence over the top of the general partition between the
smaller chambers and the outlet chamber. From this it will be seen that according
as the smaller chambers are sealed or unscaled so will the outlet to that purifier
(or other apparatus to which it belongs) be closed or open. This valve, by increasing
or decreasing the number of chambers, may be made to suit any number of outlets.
For a valve designed to control the inlets only, to several purifiers or other
apparatus the foregoing is reversed, the ninth chamber being converted into the
main inlet chamber while the smaller chambers control the respective inlets.
To shut off any one purifier it is therefore only necessary to seal the respective
chambers controlling its inlet pipe, and consequently either the whole number or
any of them may be closed or opened at the same time.
Fig. 10 is drawn to show the arrangement of the valves, pipes, and connections
when applied to the working of four purifiers in lime. In this Fig. the purifiers are
supposed to be worked in the order of C, A, D, B, the arrows indicating the course
of the gas, and those compartments of the valves that are closed are hatched over,
while those through which the arrows pass are left open.
Fig. 11 shows the arrangement of valves, pipes, and connections when four puri-
fiers are disposed in a square, the same remarks as made in the last paragraph being
applicable in reference to the course of the gas and the condition of the compart-
ments, the order of the purifiers being B, D, C, A.
Fig. 12 is simply an illustration of the method by which the various valves aro
supplied with water or other liquid under the same pressure as that to which it is
subjected in the valve.
In this Figure A is a cistern of liquid, the supply being
received from the pipe B and conveyed by the pipe C through the three-way cock
D to the valve E. In connection with the gas main F to which the valve is attached
there is fixed a pipe G, which leads from it to the top of the cistern, consequently
the water or other liquid in the cistern, and that in the valve, so long as there is
free communication between them, is under the same pressure.
The cistern is pro-
vided with an overflow pipe fixed in any suitable position.
gas
The modification necessary to make this valve suitable for a centre valve will be
seen in Figs. 13, 14, and 15, and consists in dividing the cylindrical, square, or other
shaped vessel into three chambers A, B, C, one over the other. The crude
inlet pipe D is led into the bottom of the inlet chamber. Around the walls of this
chamber are formed vessels E, F, G, H, to hold the sealing liquid, into which dip
pipes J, K, L, M, are immersed. The last-mentioned pipes are attached to the
bottom of the middle or working chamber, and serve to communicate when unsealed
with compartments formed in the middle chamber. These compartments are con-
structed similarly to those of the bye-pass and other valves. They are capable of

page_text: being isolated by filling the space between the divisions with water or other
liquid.
When unscaled the gas can flow over the top of the partition through an opening
at the bottom of the other, and over the top of the succeeding one, into other cham-
bors situated between the pairs already mentioned. Pipes N, O, P, Q, also descend
from the bottom of the outlet chamber C into the compartments in the middle or
working chamber. These compartments communicate with the chambers before
mentioned by means of the openings R, S, T, U, therefore any other of the pipes
N, O, P, Q, just referred to may be made the clean outlet, according to the manner
of working the purifiers by unsealing any one and leaving the others sealed.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of this Invention, and
the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, I would
observe in conclusion that I do not confine or restrict myself to the precise details
or arrangements I have described or referred to, as variations may be made there-.
from without deviating from the principles or main features of this Invention, but
what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the construc-
tion of hydraulic valves for the purposes herein set forth, and as herein described,
and shown in the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Cutler, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.