A New or Improved Electrical Welding or Forging Process.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Electrical Welding or Forging Process.
I, LOUIS WIMMAR BREUER of 85 Victoriastrasse, Kalk near Cologne in the
Province of Rhine Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved process for the purpose of electrically
welding metals and has for its object to provide a means by which this operation
can be carried on more easily than has hitherto been the case.
In carrying out my invention the pieces of metal which are to be welde:1
accoording to the method of the Lagrange and Hoho are heated almost up to their
welding temperature before being dipped into the electrolyte. The electric
current is then applied and the metal is welded in the bath by means of a hydraulic
press, and if required shaped at the same time. The metal is heated in a furnace
by gas or in any other well known manner, the whole of the metal being
thoroughly heated to the proper temperature. The electrolyte employed consists
of diluted sulphuric acid, boracic acid or other similar chemical. The metal
pieces, after being heated as above described are dipped in the electrolyte, so as to
form a negative pole. A layer of steam and hydrogen immediately forms about
the metal, and prevents the heat being conducted rapidly away. Owing to the
electric current employed, the heat necessary for welding is generated immediately
after the metal has been dipped into the bath. The generation of the hydrogen
around the surface of the metal causes the surface to become bright after the
operation.
After the necessary welding heat has been obtained, the pieces are pressed
together by a hydraulic forging press, the stamps or jaws of which dip into the
electrolyte. The atmospheric air is thus completely excluded throughout the
operation, enabling the welding to be more effectively carried out. If the stamps
are formed accordingly, the metal being welded can, in the same operation, be
shaped into any required form.
لبحر
11906
GEO. H. RAYNER,
37, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for the Applicant.
A New or Improved Electrical Welding or Forging Process.
I, LOUIS WIMMAR BREUER, of 85 Victoriastrasse, of Kalk, in the Province of
the Rhine, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved process for the purpose of electrically

page_text: welding metals, and has for its object to provide a means by which this operation
can be carried on more easily than has hitherto been the case.
In carrying out my invention the pieces of metal which are to be welded are
heated almost up to their welding temperature before being dipped into the
electrolyte. The electric current is then applied and the metal is welded in the
bath by means of a hydraulic press, and if required, shaped at the same time.
The metal is heated in a furnace by gas or in any other well known manner, the
whole of the metal being thoroughly heated to the proper temperature. The
electrolyte employed consists of diluted sulphuric acid, boracic acid or other similar
chemical. The metal pieces, after being heated as above described are dipped into
the electrolyte, so as to form a negative pole. A layer of steam and hydrogen
immediately forms about the metal, and prevents the heat being conducted rapidly
away. Owing to the electric current employed the heat necessary for welding is
generated immediately after the metal has been dipped into the bath. The
generation of the hydrogen around the surface of the metal causes the surface to
become bright after the operation.
After the necessary welding heat has been obtained, the pieces are pressed
together by a hydraulic forging press the stamps or jaws of which dip into the
electrolyte. The atmospheric air is thus completely excluded throughout the
operation, enabling the welding to be more effectively carried out. If the stamps
are formed accordingly, the metal being welded can, in the same operation, be
shaped into any required form.
By effecting the welding in this manner no oxide can possibly form upon the
surfaces welded & thus a proper metallic union is obtained at the joint.
The metal-pieces to be welded are exposed to the action of the electric current
only after they have been heated nearly up to their welding temperature by any
outer source of heat, for instance by gas. They are then put into the electrolyte,
and the electric current turned on. The latter is allowed to act upon the metallic
surfaces for a comparatively long time, so that there is full certainty as to the
complete removal of oxide, but in spite of such longer action of the current there is
a great saving in electricity because the pieces of metal have already been heated
nearly up to their welding temperature, and require but a comparatively small
increase in heat to attain the welding temperature. The small increase of heat
necessary, is produced by the electric current, and it is obvious that there is only
a small consuinption of electricity in this process.
The higher effect of my process is further due to subjecting the heated pieces of
metal to the action of a hydraulic press and to letting the circuit remain closed
during that action. This combined influence of the hydraulic press and the
electric current is of the greatest importance for the quality of the welding; the
welding is a perfect one, and this perfect welding is produced in a remarkably short
time. Owing to the shortness of this time the consumption of electricity during
the phase in question of the process is very small, and, in fact, the whole
consumption of electricity is far smaller than in any of the prior methods known
to me.
In carrying my invention into practice, I prefer to insulate the stamps proper of
the press from the body of the same. I have shown such an arrangement in the
accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a side-view of the press, partly in
section, and Figure 2 shows some parts of the press in an enlarged scale, and also
partly in section. a designates the two stamps proper which are insulated from
the body of the press by means of the pieces c; the latter are strengthened by
metallic sleeves b surrounding them. The negative pole of the source of electricity
is connected not to the body of the press, but to said insulated stamps a. The
insulating pieces may consist of vulcanised fibre, hard wood, xylonyte or any
other suitable material, provided, the latter be able to resist the strong pressure
exerted by the press on welding the metal.
To prevent the press from being injuriously acted on by the electrolyte, I prefer
to cover these parts with a layer of caoutchouc or a similar substance; said laye

page_text: extends, of course, only as high as corresponds to the dipping-depth of the
press.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In the process of welding or forging metals by means of an electric current,
the process of heating the metal almost up to its welding temperature before
dipping it into the electrolyte, substantially as set forth and for the purpose as
described.
2. A new or improved electrical welding or forging process, which consists in
heating the metal almost up to its welding temperature within a furnace, by gas,
or in a similar well known manner, further dipping it into the electrolyte, and
finally welding or forging it within this electrolyte by means of a press,
substantially as set forth and for the purpose described.
3. In an electrical welding or forging process of the kind characterized by
Claims 1 or 2, the use of an electrolyte consisting of diluted sulphuric acid,
boracic acid, or equivalent chemicals, for the purpose and substantially as set
forth.
4. A press for electrically welding or forging metals within the electrolyte,
which is provided with pieces cc of insulating material between the stamps
and the body of the press, substantially as set forth and for the purpose
described.
Dated this 9th day of November 1896.
GEO. H. RAYNER,
Agent for the Applicant.