Improvements in the Manufacture of Iron and Steel Alloyed with Nickel.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 14th Aug., 1889-Accepted, 9th Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Iron and Steel Alloyed with
Nickel.
I, HENRI SCHNEIDER of the firm of Schneider & Co. of Le Creusot in the Republic
of France, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture either in a cupola or in a reverberatory
furnace of cast or pig iron containing variable proportions of nickel for use in the
manufacture of alloys of steel and nickel and in the manufacture of castings in general
such for example as armour plates, projectiles, bed plates or frames for engines or
machinery, steam engine cylinders, rolls of rolling mills and the like. In the
manufacture of these alloys according to this invention nickel filings or filings of
steel alloyed with nickel, are agglomerated with carbon forming a nickelised compound
or coke which is employed in the fusion or nickel or scrap or waste steel alloyed with
nickel is directly melted with ordinary cast or pig iron.
According to another method a mixture in varying proportions of nickel shavings
or fragments or ingots or waste is fused with ordinary wrought iron steel or cast iron
under a layer of anthracite in order to avoid oxidation.
The iron thus obtained generally contains from about five to thirty per cent. of
nickel the proportions being regulated according to the purposes for which it is to bo
employed but I do not limit myself to these proportions. The iron alloyed with
nickel is remarkable for its great elasticity and strength and also for tenacity and
malleability, properties which may be still further developed by chilling or tempering
in the mould or in tallow or otherwise.
The alloys of iron and nickel obtained according to this invention are employed
with advantage in the manufacture of the alloys of steel and nickel described in
the specification accompanying my application for Letters Patent dated 2nd October 1888
No. 14150.
Dated this 14th day of November lödd.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Iron and Steel Alloyed with
Nickel.
I, HENRI SCHNEIDER of the firm of Schneider & Co. of Le Creusot in the Republic
of France, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:―
This Invention relates to the manufacture either in a cupola or in a reverberatory
furnace of cast or pig iron containing variable proportions of nickel which can be
used in the manufacture of alloys of steel and nickel and in the manufacture
of castings in general such for example as armour plates, projectiles bed plates
or frames for engines or machinery, steam engine cylinders, rolls of rolling mills
and the like. In the manufacture of these alloys the following methods of treatment
are employed namely:-
1. Agglomeration in variable proportions of nickel filings or filings of steel alloyed
with nickel, and carbon by forming a nickelised compound or coke which may be
ultimately employed in the cupola.
2. Direct fusion in a cupola furnace of nickel or scrap or waste steel alloyed
with nickel with ordinary cast or pig iron.
3. Fusion in a reverberatory furnace of a mixture in varying proportions of
רג.

page_text: nickel shavings, discs or washers, ingots or waste or other pieces, of suitable form
with ordinary wrought iron steel or cast iron under a layer of anthracite in order
to avoid oxidation.
The alloy thus obtained generally contains from about 5 to 30 per cent. of nickel
the proportions being regulated according to the purposes for which it is to be
employed but I do not limit myself to these percentages.
In manufacturing the metal according to this Invention a blast, cupola or
reverberatory furnace is charged with materials containing proportions of iron and
nickel corresponding to those which it is desired to obtain in the nickel alloy or
product. When a blast furnace is employed the calculation of the charge is based
on the amount of metal in the iron and nickel ores when nickel ores or matts are
employed instead of metallic nickel. It is found that the whole of the nickel passes
into the metal obtained as the result of the operation but a portion of the iron
passes into the slag of the blast furnace as in making pig or cast metal in the
usual way. This remark is likewise applicable to the manufacture conducted in
the blast furnace or cupola when the nickel is introduced in the form of coke
according to the second method hereinbefore referred to. It also applies to the
manufacture in the reverberatory furnace the nickel being protected against
oxidation by the precautions taken (in particular by the layer of about one inch
in thickness of anthracite on the surface of the bath) and also by the greater
oxidability of iron and its presence in larger proportions.
The iron or alloy is remarkable for its great elasticity and strength and also for
tenacity and malleability, properties which may be still further developed by chilling
or tempering in the mould or in-tallow or otherwise. They are consequently well
adapted for use in the manufacture of castings of all descriptions such as armour
plates projectiles bed plates or frames for engines or machinery, steam engine cylinders,
rolls for rolling mills etc. etc.
The alloys of cast or pig iron and nickel obtained according to this invention are
employed with advantage in the manufacture of steel alloyed with nickel the
process of manufacture being conducted in other respects as described in the
specification accompanying my application for Letters Patent dated 2nd October 1888
No. 14150.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The manufacture in a cupola or reverberatory furnace as herein before described
of alloys of iron and nickel containing variable proportions of nickel combined with
variable proportions of the ordinary constituents of cast iron and the manufacture of
nickel steel by the aid of the said alloys which are also applicable to the manufacture
of armour plates projectiles bed plates and frames of engines or machinery, steam
engine cylinders rolling mill rolls and other articles or objects with or without
undergoing a tempering process.
2. Agglomerating or mixing nickel filings or chips or chips or filings of steel
alloyed with nickel and carbon and employing the nickel compound or coke thus
obtained in a cupola substantially as herein before described.
3. Fusing scrap or waste steel alloyed with nickel along with ordinary cast or pig
iron in a cupola furnace as and for the purpose herein before described.
4. Melting a mixture of nickel shavings or fragments or ingots along with steel or
other forms of iron in a reverberatory furnace under a layer of anthracite substantially
as and for the purpose herein before described.
5. The improved alloys manufactured or obtained as hereinbefore described and
claimed.
L
Ր August 1880
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
Agents.