IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SLOTTING, TENONING, MORTICING, GROOVING, DRILLING, BORING, AND VERTICAL PLANING
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Powis and Jabus Stanley James, both of
Watling Street, in the City of London, Wholesale Ironmongers,.
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SLOTTING,
TENONING, MORTICING, GROOVING, DRILLING, BORING, AND VERTICAL
PLANING."
Sealed the 7th May 1853, and dated the 10th March 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Powis and
Jabus Stanley James at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 10th March 1853.
We, Joux Powis and JABUS STANLEY JAMES, both of Watling Street,
in the City of London, Wholesale Ironmongers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
SLOTTING, TENONING, MORTICING, GROOVING, DRILLING, BORING, AND VERTICAL
PLANING," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in inserting the requisite tool for performing
either of the above operations in a stock or spindle, which has a vertical
motion given to it by means of a crank or lever, actuated by suitable

page_text: gearing, from a shaft driven by either a belt from a steam-engine or
other prime mover, or by hand. The length of stroke of the tool, and
consequent depth of cutting, can be regulated by shortening or length-
ening the crank by any of the well-known methods.
The wood or other material to be operated on-is fixed in a position
immediately beneath the tool, hetween two jaws, which move on the bed-
plate of the machine in a manner similar to the slide rest of a lathe.
For boring it will be necessary to give the spindle carrying the tool
a rotary motion, which can be effected by either toothed gearing, or by
means of a driving belt.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Powis and Jabus Stanley James, in the
Great Seal Patent Office, on the 10th September 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
JOHN Powis and JABUS STANLEY JAMES, both of Watling Street, in
the City of London, Wholesale Ironmongers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters l'atent, bearing date the Tenth day of March. in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said John Powis and Jabus Stanley James, Her special
licence that we, the said John l'owis and Jabus Stanley James, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
John Powis and Jabus Stanley James, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others. from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
SLOTTING, TEHONING, MORTICING, GROOVING, DRILLING, BORING, AND VERTICAL
PLANING," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John
Powis and Jabus Stanley James, by an instrument in writing under
our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should

page_text: particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office witliin six calendar months,
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
4
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Powis and Jabus Stanley
James, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described:
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference
being had to the drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say:
"Our Invention consists in inserting the requisite tool for either
slotting, tenoning, morticing, grooving, drilling boring, of vertical:
planing; in a stock or spindle which has a vertical motion given to it
by means of a crank or lever, actuated by suitable gearing from a shaft
driven by either a belt from a steam-engine or other primo mover, or
by hand. The wood or other material to be operated on is fixed in a
position immediately beneath the tool, between two jaws, which move
on the bed plate of the machine in a manner similar to the slide rost.
a lathe.
of
:
The drawings hereunto annexed represent a machine constructed
according to our said Invention, and also the several tools for
performing the above operations. Figure 1, is a side elevation:
Figure 2, à front view; and Figure 3, a back elevation. A, A, is
the framework, which also forms the base for the upper parts of the
machine to rest upon. The top surface of this framework is planed
perfectly true, and has formed upon it the V pieces a a, in which the
slide B, is capable of being moved to and fro in a longitudinal direction
when acted upon by the handwheel C, keyed upon the spindle D, which
has keyed upon its centre part a pinion E, shewn in dotted lines in
Figure 3, which gears into the teeth of a rack bolted to the underside
of the slide B. By this means the exact longitudinal position of the
slide can be regulated so as to bring the wood or other material to be
operated upon immediately beneath the action of the cutter. F, is
another slide, which works transversely in V grooves b, b, upon the
slide B, and is adjusted to the cutter by the hand wheel G. H, H', are
two jaws, between which the material to be operated upon is held.
.

page_text: The jaw H, is cast in a picco with the slide F. while the jaw ', is
free to slide backwards and forwards, and is adjusted to the requisite
gunge by the screw I. tapped through a nut in the bracket K, and
turned by the hand wheel L. M, is an upright frame. the lower portion
of which slides in V grooves c. c, on the framework A. but is retained
in its proper position by the screw and nut d, passed through the
slot c, c. By means of this slot e, the height of the frame M, can be
regulated to adapt it to the stroke of the cutter. N. is a vertical shaft,
which slides up and down in the bearings Q, O', upon the frame M.
The lower end of this shaft is formed with a socket, in which the
requisite tool is inserted, and then held firm in its place by the screw i
The upper part of the shaft is capped with the T piece, P, from which
are pendant the two rods Q, Q. R. is a counterbalance lever, centred
upon the frame M, at g. and connected to the lower ends of the
rods Q, Q. S. is a bevil pinion, cast in a piece with a hollow tube h,
through which the shaft N, passes. This tube h, is held in the bearing
O', and is provided with holes, into which the end of the pin f; takes,
so as to hold the cutting tool firm, and also to enable the tool to be
reversed. The bevil wheel S, is connected to the shaft by means of a
feather and groove. T. is a second bevil wheel, upon the shaft /, sup-
ported and turning in the bracket U, bolted to the frame M. W, is a
crank handle for imparting motion to the bevil wheels S, and T, and
through them to the shaft N, when the machine is to be used for
drilling or boring, a tool proper for such purposes being then inserted
into the socket in the end of the shaft. X. is a spur wheel upon the
spindle D; and Y, a pall which takes into the teeth of the spur wheel D.
This pal is centred upon a pin in the end of a bell-crank lever Z,
which is centred at m, in the bracket n, upon the framework A. o, is
a lug, projecting from the lever Z; and p, a rod pendant from the
lever R, and passed through a hole in the centre of the lug o. 7', is a
stop or ferrule upon the rod p, which is capable of being retained in
any required position. on the rod by the pinching screw 8.
The object
of this arrangement is to give to the slide B,, and the material to be
operated upon, their proper and regular feed beneath the cutter. t, is
a band of vulcanized india-rubber, which embraces the bracket n, and

page_text: bell-crank lever, and so acts as a 'spring to draw back the pall when:
the lever 'R, is raised.
The action of this, machine is as follows:-Supposing the machine:
to be used for either morticing, grooving, or slotting, a tool similar
to that shewn in the Figures, and represented in full size in Figures 4,
and 5, is inserted into the socket in the end of the shaft. The wood
or other material to be operated upon is then placed between the
jaws H, H, and its position beneath the cutting tool determined by
means of the hand wheels C, and G. The cutter is then set to work
by depressing the lever R, which brings the cutter into contact with.
the wood. The lever R, is then raised, which causes the rod p, to
be depressed, and (through the medium of the stop 2, bell-crank lever
Z, and pall Y,) the spur wheel X, to make a partial revolution;
while the pinion E, gearing into the rack upon the underside of
the slide B, causes that slide to be moved forward the requisite amount
of feed, so as to advance the wood for a fresh cut. The amount of feed
can be regulated by shifting the stop r, either up or down the rod p.
When it is desired to reverse the cutter, the pin f, is withdrawn, the
shaft turned, and the pin again inserted into the opposite hole; at the
same time the pall is reversed, so as to act upon the opposite side of the
spur wheel, whereby the slide B, is caused to traverse in the opposite
lirection.
For tenoning, the same mode of operation is observed; the tool
represented in Figure 6, being employed instead of the one shewn in
Figures 1, 2, and 4.
For vertical planing, we insert into the socket a tool suitable for
such purposes, and operate in the manner before described.
When it is desired to apply the machine to drilling or boring, it will
be necessary to employ a tool adapted for such purposes, and similar to
the one represented in Figure 7, and also to give to the spindle or shaft
carrying such tool a rotary motion by means of the bevil wheels S,
and T, and crank handle W.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim the
several arrangements and combinations of machinery and apparatus for

page_text: slotting, tenoning, inorticing, grooving, drilling, boring, and vertical
planing, constructed and working in the manner herein-before described
and represented in the drawings hereunto annexed..
In witness whereof, I, the said Jabus Stanley James, on behalf of
John Powis and myself, have hereunto set my hand and seal,
this Ninth day of September, One thousand eight hundred and
fife than
....
JABUS STANLEY JAMES. (S.)