THE INCINERATION OF MIXED VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES FROM WOOLS OR WOOLLEN FABRICS BY THE APPLICATION AND MANUFACTURE OF CHLORIDE OR CHLORATE SALTS, PRE- FERABLY OF ZINC, MAGNESIUM, AND ALUMINIUM, APPLICABLE TO UNBLEACHED AND DYED OR COLOURED MATERIALS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Griffith Brewer, of 89, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "THE INCINERATION
OF MIXED VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES FROM WOOLS OR WOOLLEN FABRICS BY THE
APPLICATION AND MANUFACTURE OF CHLORIDE OR CHLORATE SALTS, PRE-
FERABLY OF ZINC, MAGNESIUM, AND ALUMINIUM, APPLICABLE TO UNBLEACHED
AND DYED OR COLOURED MATERIALS."-A communication from abroad
by Romain Joly, of Caudebec-lès-Elbeuf, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Griffith Brewer
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 3rd February 1874.
I, EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of 89, Chancery Lane, in the County
5 of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for "THE
INCINERATION OF MIXED VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES FROM WOOLS OR WOOLLEN FABRICS
BY THE APPLICATION AND MANUFACTURE OF CHLORIDE OR CHLORATE SALTS, PRE-
FERABLY OF ZINC, MAGNESIUM, AND ALUMINIUM, APPLICABLE TO UNBLEACHED AND

page_text: DYED OR COLOURED MATERIALS " (a communication to me from abroad by
Romain Joly, of Caudebec-lès-Elbeuf, France), to be as follows:-
This Invention essentially consists in the incineration of vegetable
matters contained in wool or woollen fabrics by means of chlorides or
chlorates of zinc, magnesium, and aluminium, and in the manufacture of 5
the latter product. This manufacture consists in obtaining for the
double decomposition chloride of calcium and sulphate of alumine, or
saturating hydrochloric acid with alumine in a state of jelly.
According to this Invention chlorides or chlorates, particularly of
zinc, magnesium, and aluminium, are employed for the incineration of 1
vegetable substances mixed with wool or woollen fabrics. They do not
alter the shade, and in no way injure the fibre of the wool submitted to
their action, which has hitherto resulted from the employment of acids.
On the contrary the chlorides or chlorates applied to wools or woollen
fabrics to be dyed considerably favour the development of the colouring 1
matter, and no matter to what shades they may be applied their effect
improves the shades rather then rendering them doubtful or unclear,
which, as before stated, is often the case when acids are employed.
For Wools. Steep the wools in a vessel containing water, to which 2
chloride or chlorate of aluminium or of zinc or of magnesium is added,
until the bath rises to three or four degrees. The Invention is not
however limited to this latter indication; the wool is allowed to remain
more or less time according as the wool contains more or less vegetable
matter. The wool is then dried in a drying apparatus or otherwise at a 2
high temperature, from which it is removed as soon as upon examina-
tion it is ascertained that the bodies in question are sufficiently
incinerated.
For Woollen Fabrics.-Work the fabric in a vessel provided with
washing apparatus. This vessel also contains chloride or chlorate of a
aluminium, or of zinc or of magnesium, brought to from three to five
degrees, according to the fabric to be operated on. After the fabrics are
well soaked with the chlorides or chlorates they must be dried at high
temperature, then they must be well washed in scouring, cleansing, or
other suitable machine until they are free of all the material which was a
used for the process of incineration. By this process the wool and

page_text: woollen fabrics are obtained without any injury to their fibres by the
action of the chemicals used, while at the same time they are completely
free of all vegetable matters.
Wool, as well as woollen fabric, may be treated according to this
Invention in any kind of vessel; they require only to be well saturated
with chloride or chlorate of aluminium, or zinc or of magnesium, to
obtain the result described.
By using chlorides or chlorates of aluminium pure, as before described,
or either of the chlorides or chlorates mentioned, dyed fabrics remain the
same as before the operation; whilst by the process hitherto in use the
action of the acids not only alters the colour, but very often spoils the
fabrics.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Griffith Brewer in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 1st August 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
GRIFFITH BREWER, of 89, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, Her
special licence that I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward
Griffith Brewer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In-
vention for "THE INCINERATION OF MIXED VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES FROM WOOLS
OR WOOLLEN FABRICS BY THE APPLICATION AND MANUFACTURE OF CHLORIDE OR
CHLORATE SALTS, PREFERABLY OF ZINC, MAGNESIUM, AND ALUMINIUM, APPLICABLE
TO UNBLEACHED AND DYED OR COLOURED MATERIALS" (a communication to me
from abroad by Romain Joly, of Caudebec-les-Elbeuf, France), upon the

page_text: condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and 1
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention or manufacture consists in obtaining for the double
decomposition chloride of calcium and sulphate of alumine, or saturating
hydrochloric acid with alumine in a state of jelly.
According to this Invention chlorides or chlorates, particularly of zinc, 1
magnesium, and aluminium, are employed for the incineration of vege-
table substances mixed with wool or woollen fabrics. They do not alter
the shade, and in no way injure the fibre of the wool submitted to their
action, which has hitherto resulted from the employment of acids. On
the contrary the chlorides or chlorates applied to wools or woollen 2
fabrics to be dyed considerably favour the development of the colouring
matter, and no matter to what shades they may be applied their effect
improves the shades rather than rendering them doubtful or unclear,
which, as before stated, is often the case when acids are employed.

page_text: aluminium, or of zinc, or of magnesium, brought to from three to five
degrees, according to the fabric to be operated on. After the fabrics are
well soaked with the chlorides or chlorates they must be dried at high
temperature; then they must be well washed in scouring, cleansing, or
other suitable machine until they are free of all the material which was
used for the process of incineration. By this process the wool and
woollen fabric are obtained without any injury to their fabrics by the
action of the chemicals used, while at the same time they are completely
free of all vegetable matters.
Wool, as well as woollen fabric, may be treated according to this
Invention in any kind of vessel; they require only to be well saturated
with chloride or chlorate of aluminium, or zinc, or of magnesium, to
obtain the result described. By using chlorides or chlorates of aluminium
pure, as before described, or either of the chlorides or chlorates men-
tioned, dyed fabrics remain the same as before the operation; whilst by
the process hitherto in use the action of the acids not only alters the
colour, but very often spoils the fabrics. This process is applicable
to all the materials mentioned in a dyed or undyed state in all
shades.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, the incine-
ration of vegetable matters contained in wool or woollen fabrics by
means of chlorides or chlorates of zinc, magnesium, and aluminium, and
the manufacture of the latter product, all substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this First day of August in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
EDW³. GRIFFITH BREWER. (L.S.)