Improvements in Small-ware, Ribbon, and other similar Looms.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 16th Aug., 1894-Accepted, 22nd Sept.. 18.04
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Small-ware, Ribbon, and other similar Looms.
We, HENRY BURGESS, of 2 Herbert Street, Congleton, in the County of Chester,
Manufacturer, THOMAS BURGESS, of 2 Thomas Street, Congleton, aforesaid,
Machinist, and JOHN JOSEPH BURGESS, of 6 Fox Street, Congleton, aforesaid,
Weaver, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
""
This invention relates to that class of power looms in which bands, ribbons,
tapes, upholsterers' trimmings, gimps, frillings, webbings, and the like are woven,
and applies to the letting off mechanism known as the "cratch or warp rack by
which the warp or warp beam is held with the desired tension and allowed to pass
into the loom as required.
It is designed to render the delivery of the warp to the loom automatic or
without the attention of the weaver and to enable the warp beams to be changed or
replaced in the cratch easily or quickly.
In carrying out the invention to a beam or bar running longitudinally from end
to end of the loom are placed a number of spindles-one for each warp beam-with
their longitudinal axis preferably at right angles to the length of the loom. On
each of these spindles there is placed a friction pulley formed with a groove to
receive a cord or band or otherwise constructed so that while free to rotate on the
spindle friction may be applied to it to retard its movement. We at present prefer
to construct a grooved pulley with a cord or band passing around it one end of
which is attached to an eye fastened to the aforenamed bar or beam and the other
end of the cord or strap to a pivoted lever by which the amount of drag is determined
or controlled, or other form of strap brake may be employed.
To the same beam or to a rod or spindle running longitudinally of the loom or to
other fixings we attach a number of pivoted levers-one for each warp beam.
At present we prefer to support these levers on brackets or eyes secured to the
longitudinal beam or bar each provided with a pin upon which the lever is pivoted.
Each of these levers is at one end connected to the cord or strap of the friction or
brake pulley or wheel the other end being formed with a slot or eye through which
the warp passes and hangs in a loop. On this lever is hung a weight and it is
preferably graduated or notched throughout its length so that the position of the
weight may be varied to increase or decrease the tension of the cord or band on the
friction pulley or brake wheel.
On the loop of warp yarn which hangs through the eye of the pivoted lever we
hang a weight to maintain the desired amount of tension on the warp. This weight
is supported by means of a grooved pulley carried in a small bracket or stock
which as the warp is shortened comes in contact with the pivoted lever and
raises it.
On one side or face of the friction pulley or brake wheel is placed a catch
formed of a wire staple bracket or the like with which a catch, pin, or projection
on the end of the warp beam engages. When the two engage or are in contact the
free movement of the warp beam is prevented and the warp beam is controlled by
the friction pulley or brake wheel. They can however be promptly disengaged to
remove the warp beam.
In operation the warp beam and friction pulley or brake wheel are placed in
contact on the same spindle and the warp passed through the eye in the pivoted
lever. The weight is hung on the loop of the warp and the pivoted lever and its
weight prevents the friction pulley and warp beam from rotating. As the material
is woven the warp is gradually drawn into the loom and the loop passing through

page_text: the eye of the lever is shortened until the weight bracket is drawn up against the
underside of the pivoted lever, which is raised thereby and the drag on the friction
pulley relieved, this allows the warp beam to rotate and a length of warp to
be drawn off allowing the weight and its bracket to descend when the drag or
brake again stops the rotation of the warp beam and so on.
Thus the warp is
automatically delivered from the beginning to the end of the weaving operation
without the attention of the weaver.
Amongst other advantages of this invention over the present arrangements
are-
The automatic delivery of the warp.
The warp beams are easily and expeditiously put on or taken off the cratch.
Each warp or warp beam is independent and free from interfering with any
other warp in the same loom.
There is no danger of accident with one warp or warp beam while attending to
or replacing another.
The present warp beams can be used without any necessity of replacing them
with new ones of any particular make.
Dated this 20th day of January 1891
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Small-ware, Ribbon, and other similar Looms.
We, HENRY BURGESS, of 2 Herbert Street, Congleton, in the County of
Chester, Manufacturer, THOMAS BURGESS, of 2 Thomas Street, Congleton, afore-
said, Machinist, and John Joseph Burgess, of 6 Fox Street, Congleton, aforesaid,
Weaver, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to that class of power loom known as small-ware looms in
which bands, ribbons, tapes and other like or narrow articles are woven, and it
embraces additional improvements to what are shown and described in the Specifi-
cation of our previous Application No. 21992 of 1893.
"
Our present invention applies to the letting off mechanism known as the "cratch
or warp rack by which the warp and warp beam are held with the desired
amount of tension on the yarn and by which the warp yarn is delivered as required
to pass into the loom, and is designed to render the delivery of the warp to the loom
automatic without the attention of the weaver and to enable the warp beams to be
changed or replaced in the cratch easily or quickly while the loom is in motion.
It consists essentially in arranging the warp beams on separate spindles fixed
transversely of the loom with a suitable brake motion attached to each warp beam
and connecting the warp beam with a friction or brake pulley in combination
with a weighted pivoted lever to one end of which is attached a cord or strap
acting on the pulley to form a brake and the other end is provided with an eye
through which the loop of the warp yarn passes upon which the tension weight
is suspended so that when the tension weight rises it lifts the pivoted lever and
releases the warp beam allowing a fresh quantity or supply of the warp yarn to
unwind therefrom.
The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which sufficient of a small-ware loom is shown to illustrate the
invention.
Fig. 1. End elevation of loom.
Fig. 2. Elevation of part of same from front.

page_text: Fig. 5. Plan of same.
Fig. 6. End elevation of a modified arrangement.
Fig. 7. Plan of same.
Fig. 8. Perspective view of wire pulley stock.
Figs. 9 and 10. Modified arrangements for connecting warp beams with brake
pulleys.
The shuttle operating mechanism which is not shown in the drawings, the batten
and reeds A, the healds B, and the framing C are of any ordinary or convenient
construction and the take up motion I may as illustrated be constructed in
accordance with our prior Application for Patent No. 21992 of 1893 and of
which we give no further description, or it may be the usual or ordinary
construction.
To a beam E of wood or iron placed in any convenient position and running
longitudinally from end to end of the loom we affix a number of spindles F-
one for each warp beam G-with the longitudinal axis of each at right angles to the
beam E. On each of the spindles F we place a friction or brake pulley H formed
with a groove to receive a cord or band, or otherwise constructed so that while free
to rotate on the spindle friction may be applied to it to retard its movement.
Around each of the friction or brake pulleys H is passed a cord or band I one
end of which is made fast to the beam E by means of a staple or eye driven into
it, and the other end is attached to a pivoted brake lever J by which the amount of
drag or friction is determined or controlled.
Upon the beam E or other fixture running longitudinally of the loom or upon a
spindle or rod we mount a number of pivoted levers J-one for each warp beam.
At present we prefer to support these levers on brackets e secured to the longitudinal
beam E each provided with a pin upon which the lever is pivoted. Each lever J
is at one end connected to the cord or strap I of the friction or brake pulley H the
other end being formed with a slot or eye; through which the warp yarn K passes
and hangs in a loop k. On the lever J is hung a weight j¹ and it is preferably
graduated or notched throughout its length so that the position of the weight may
be varied to increase or decrease the tension of the cord or band I on the friction
or brake pulley H.
On the loop of warp yarn k which hangs through the eye of the pivoted lever J
we hang a weight L to maintain the desired amount of tension on the warp. This
weight L is supported by means of a grooved pulley carried in a small bracket or
stock which as the warp is shortened is lifted into contact with the pivoted lever
and raises it. The lifting of the brake lever J removes the tension from the band I
and leaves the brake pulley H and the warp beam G free to rotate steadily.
It is to be understood that instead of making the pivoted brake lever J with an
eye for the loop k of the warp yarn K to pass through, the loop k may be arranged
so that the end of the lever will project into it so that the pulley stock will come
against it when it rises to lift the lever.
The spindles F may be fixed either horizontally as shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5 or
vertically as shown in Figs. 6 and 7 in which case the pivoted brake levers J would
And the warp
be cranked to bring the desired amount of tension upon the bands I.
yarn will be carried over a small pulley k¹ mounted upon the levers or the pulley
may be supported by a fixed bar or rod.
On one side or face of the friction or brake pulley H is placed a catch h formed
of a wire staple, bracket or the like with which a catch, pin or projection g on the
end of the warp beam G engages. When the two engage or are in contact the
free movement of the warp beam G is prevented and the warp beam is controlled
by the friction brake and pulley. They can however be promptly disengaged to
remove the warp beam.
In Figs. 9 and 10 modified forms of connection between the warp beam G and
brake pulley H are shown, but at present we prefer the wire staple h with which
the short projecting pin g comes in contact.

page_text: In Fig. 8 a modified construction of pulley stock made of wire is shown for
carrying the pulley from which the weight L is suspended.
In operation the warp beam G and friction pulley or brake wheel H are placed in
contact on the same spindle F with the pin g engaging with the catch or staple h
and the warp in a loop k passed through the eye in the pivoted lever J. The
weight L is hung on the loop k of the warp and the pivoted lever J and its weight j¹
acting on the cord or band I prevents the friction or brake pulley H and warp
beam G from rotating. As the material is woven the warp K is gradually drawn
into the loom and the loop k passing through the eyej of the lever is shortened until
the pulley stock is drawn up against the underside of the pivoted lever J, which
is raised thereby and the drag of the cord or band 1 upon the friction or brake
pulley H relieved, this allows the warp beam G to rotate and a length of the warp K
to be drawn off allowing the weight L and its bracket or pulley stock to descend
when the drag of the band I on the brake pulley H again stops the rotation of
the warp beam G and so on. Thus the warp K is automatically delivered from
the beginning to the end of the weaving operation without the attention of the
weaver.
.
Amongst other advantages of this invention over the present arrangements are-
Larger warp beams containing a greater quantity of yarn can be employed.
The warp beams are easily and expeditiously put on or taken off the cratch.
Each warp or warp beam is independent and free from interfering with any other
warp in the same loom.
There is no danger of accident with one warp or warp beam while attending to
or replacing another.
The present warp beams can be used without any necessity of replacing them
with new ones of any particular make.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A small-ware, ribbon or other similar loom constructed with a longitudinal
beam E to which a number of transverse spindles F are affixed to carry the warp
beams with a brake band I and brake lever J connected to each spindle substantially
as described.
2. In a small-ware or ribbon loom the combination with each warp beam of a
loose or separate friction or brake pulley with which the warp beam engages and
from which it can be easily detached, a pivoted brake lever J and a cord or band
acting on the brake pulley attached to one end of the lever whereby the beam is
prevented rotating until the lever is lifted substantially as and for the purposes
described.
3. A "cratch" and automatic let off motion for small-ware or ribbon looms having
the several parts constructed and arranged in combination substantially as described
and shown.
Dated this 15th day of August 1904.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.