IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Morton, of No. 11, Market Place, in
Great Grimsby, in the County of Lincoln, Wholesale and Retail.
Grocer, Tea and Coffee Merchant, and Provision Dealer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR
ROASTING COFFEE."
Sealed the 16th January 1874, and dated the 8th August 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Morton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th August 1878.
I, CHARLES MORTON, of No. 11, Market Place, in Great Grimsby,
in the County of Lincoln, Wholesale and Retail Grocer, Tea and
Coffee Merchant, and Provision Dealer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF ANd Apparatus
FOR BOASTING COFFEE," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improved mode of roasting coffee,
and consists of means for roasting coffee by reflection of heat, whereby
the coffee beans are cooked without being scorched, the bitter essential

page_text: oil of the coffee is evaporated, the true, caffeine is retained and developed,
and all contamination of the coffee with sulphur or other products of
combustion of the fuel in the fire avoided, and a true flavored coffee,
more nutritious and digestible, produced.
The apparatus which I use for this purpose consists of a strong
reflecting oven made in two parts jointed midway at the top, the back
of which oven is made to move up and down, and is counterbalanced
by weights and pulleys. This oven is to be placed in a suitable posi-
tion in front of the fire, and within it is fitted a cylinder of galvanized
iron or other suitable material and perforated with holes. This cylinder :
is mounted on an axle so as to be capable of being turned or revolved, .
and the axle on which it so revolves is fitted on slides, so that the
cylinder may be removed towards and from the fire. The coffee to be
roasted is to be placed in the cylinder.
At the bottom or lower portion of the oven there is an opening to':
allow the draught to pass through the oven, and thus form a blower for
the purpose of purifying the heat used to roast the coffee contained
within the cylinder.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Charles Morton in the Great Seal Patent Office 2
on the 3rd February 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
MORTON, of Number 11, Market Place, in Great Grimsby, in the County
of Lincoln, Wholesale and Retail Grocer, Tea and Coffee Merchant, and
Provision Dealer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Charles Morton, Her special g
licence that I, the said Charles Morton, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles Morton, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term

page_text: therein expressed, should and lawfully might make use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE," upon the condition.
(amongst others) that I, the said Charles Morton, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calender months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Morton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, in each of the Figures of which the same letters of
reference indicate corresponding or similar parts:-
This Invention has for its object an improved mode of roasting coffee,
and consists of means for roasting coffee by reflection of heat, whereby
the coffee beans are cooked without being scorched, the bitter essential
oil of the coffee is evaporated, the true caffeine is retained and developed,
and all contaminations of the coffee with sulphur or other products of
combustion of the fuel in the fire avoided, and a true flavoured coffee,
more nutritious and digestible produced.
The apparatus which I use for this purpose is represented open, and
in elevation on Figure I., and closed, and in vertical section in Figure 2.
In consists of a strong reflecting oven made in two parts, A and B, of
cast iron or other suitable material, having the inner surface made
perfectly bright, and the two parts are hinged or jointed midway at the
top; the back part A of the said oven is made to open upwards on the
hinges or joints, and is counterbalanced by weights and pulleys, thereby
allowing the cylinder O, herein-after mentioned, to be slided into or
out of the oven. This oven is to be supported on an iron
frame D, D, D, D, D, D, and placed in a suitable position in front
3 of and close to the fire, and to be made with an opening or blower E
(Figure I.) below the oven to admit of a current of air passing up the
chimney or flue of the fire, by which means the contamination of coffee

page_text: Firstly. The mode of roasting coffee, herein-before described, by means
whereof the essential oil arising from the coffee and other matters, by
which the coffee may be injuriously affected, are allowed to escape.
Secondly. The apparatus, herein described and represented in the
Drawings hereunto annexed, or any mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Morton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the above-named Charles Morton,
in the presence of
JOHN HOPKIN,
Solicitor's Clerk,
Great Grimsby.
CHARLES MORTON. (L.s.)