Improved Construction and Arrangement of Life Saving Jacket o Overall, with Appliances in Connection with the same.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Nov., 1887
Complete Left, 2nd Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 23rd Mar., 1888
Improved Construction and Arrangement of Life Saving Jacket o
Overall, with Appliances in Connection with the same.
I SALVADOR MALO Y VALDIVIELSO of 62 Rue de Courcelles, Paris, France, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:
The object of this invention is to provide a ready and instantaneous apparatus for
saving life in cases of shipwreck or other disaster at sea or in any deep water, having
the means of carrying with it a quantity of provisions and drinking water or wine;
having also a compartment for keeping valuable papers, Jewelry and other objects,
and in connection with the invention are appliances for attracting the attention, by day
or by night, of passing vessels, or of persons on shore, or of the Lighthouses or
Forts.
According to my invention I form a garment of any of the known waterproof
materials in the shape of a jacket or blouse with its corresponding sleeves and having
in the part corresponding to the neck, a hood which covers the head with the exception
of the mouth, nose, eyes and ears.
The jacket or blouse as also its sleeves and hood is made of double cloth one interior
and the other exterior and united hermetically where they join so that on filling the
space between the inner and outer materials with air by blowing through flexible tubes
into each of its compartments, the garment becomes inflated and forms an air bag round
all the parts of the body which it covers, the blouse being attached to the waist by a
belt and five metal rings.
The front of the garment has four waterproof receptacles the first destined to
carry drinking water or other liquid, the second to carry meat, cheese, bread or
any other eatable, the third to carry a lamp, and the fourth to carry a
trumpet.
The back of the garment has adhering to it a waterproof receptacle or small bag or
case for containing valuable papers money, jewelry, and other objects and it is so
placed that all this together can be used as a small convenient and light hand travell-
ing bag when the garment is put up, and when it is put on the person and inflated the
same apparatus sustains at the same time the person and all the objects mentioned
leaving the hands and all the movements of the body of the person who uses it
entirely free.

page_text: The jacket or blouse is cut in the most simple manner that any one can put it on in
a moment and is of any size for men, women or children, the dimensions being
according to the size of the person.
The jacket or blouse is attachable and adaptable to the knapsacks of soldiers of the
land and sea forces, to travelling bags, to Sportsmen's bags, and also to Fishermen's
bags, and generally to any other bag.
This apparatus has more than sufficient power for supporting a person in the water
who may use it, carrying with it provisions and valuable articles, in any water, whether
sea, lake or river.
The garment may have in combination or attachable to the same a pair of trousers
with feet or leggings open or closed at the bottom when the apparatus is intended for
men and in the case of its being applicable to Ladies use, the trousers will be wider in
the upper part than in the lower, and of only one fabric in both cases except that the
upper part will have a compartment of two fabrics, that can be inflated with its
corresponding tube and valve, and having on the foot piece an india rubber sole.
Dated this 23rd day of November 1887.
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said S. Malo y Valdivielso.

page_text: Overall, with Appliances in Connection with the same.
I, SALVADOR MALO Y VALDIVIELSO, of 62 Rue de Courcelles, Paris, France,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :---
The object of this invention is to provide a ready and instantaneous apparatus for
saving life in cases of shipwreck or other disaster at sea or in any deep water, having
the means of carrying with it a quantity of provisions and drinking water or wine,
having also a compartment for keeping valuable papers, jewelry and other objects
and in connection with the invention are appliances for attracting the attention by
day or by night of passing vessels or of persons on shore or of lighthouses or forts,
which appliances will likewise be attached to the bag.
According to my invention, I form a garment of any of the known waterproof
materials in the shape of a jacket or blouse with its corresponding sleeves, and having
in the part corresponding to the neck a hood which covers the head with the exception
of the mouth, nose, and eyes.
The jacket or blouse as also its sleeves and hood are made of double cloth one
interior and the other exterior and united hermetically where they join so that on
filling the space between the inner and the outer materials with air by blowing
through flexible tubes provided with valves, into each of its compartments, the
garment becomes inflated and forms an air bag round all the parts of the body
which it covers, the blouse being attached to the waist by a belt and metal rings..
The front of the garment has four or more waterproof receptacles the first destined
to carry drinking water or other liquid, the second to carry meat, cheese, bread, or
any other eatable, the third to carry a lamp or any other apparatus capable of
producing light and the fourth to carry a trumpet, bell, or any other apparatus
capable of producing noise.
The back of the garment has adhering to it a receptacle, or small bag or case for
containing valuable papers, money, jewelry, and other objects, said bag or case being
waterproof both because it is made throughout of waterproof material and because its
mouth or fastening is hermetically closed by means of folds and a string which ties
and closes it, and it is so placed that all this together can be used as a small
convenient and light hand travelling bag when the garment is put up, and when it is
put on the person and inflated the same apparatus sustains atthe same time. the
person and all the objects mentioned leaving the hands and all the movements of the
body of the person who uses it entirely free.
The jacket or blouse is cut in the most simple manner that any one can put it on in
a moment and is of any size for men, women, or children the dimensions being
according to the size of the person.

page_text: The jacket or blouse is attachable and adaptable to the knapsacks of soldiers of the
land or sea forces, to travelling bags, to Sportmen's bags, and also to Fishermen's
bags and generally to any other bag.
This apparatus has more than sufficient power for supporting a person in the
water who may use it, carrying with it provisions and valuable articles in any water
whether sea, lake, or river.
The garment may have in combination or attachable to it at the same time a pair
of trousers with feet or leggings open or closed at the bottom when the apparatus is
intended for men and in the case of its being applicable to ladies use the trousers will
be wider in the upper part than in the lower and of only one fabric in both cases
except that the upper part will have one or more compartments of two fabrics with
their corresponding tubes and valves and having on the foot piece an india rubber
sole.
In order that my invention may be more easily and quickly understood I proceed
to describe it minutely and to explain it by means of the accompanying drawings.
The blouse or shirt is divided into five independent compartiments of double fabric
so that they may be inflated and joined together by four compartments a of single
fabric which will not be adapted for inflation, serving only as joinings for the parts of
the apparatus and to be able to give greater freedom of movement to the body, arms,
and neck.
The five inflatable compartments are the following.
c the hood, c and the two sleeves, c and the two parts into which the
principal body of the blouse or jacket is divided.
Each compartment will be provided with a flexible tube with its corresponding
valve for filling the apparatus with air or for emptying it, as the case may be
according to letter","","","64" 1 18"
To the bottom of the blouse will be attached five metal rings ", through which a
belts will run. On the front and back of the two compartments and there will
according to letters 61, 62, 63, 64, be attached to each of these four parts a band sewn
only at its two extremities, leaving the rest open for passing through it a double
flap fand f with metal point and fastening p Figure 1, so that said pieces may
support in the front of the apparatus, the two tins of provisions and liquids A, a lamp
and a trumpet B, or bell, or other appliances capable of attracting the attention by
day or night of passing vessels or of persons on shore, or of lighthouses, or forts, and
at the back the waterproof case, bag, or pouch, destined for keeping papers, valuables,
jewelry, or other objects.
The blouse described as well as the accessories destined for provisions, liquids,
lamp, trumpet, or bell and bag for valuables can all be kept in a small travelling bag
according to Figure No. 2 which represents the bag closed.
This bag Figure 2 at the moment when the blouse is unfolded ready for use will
have the Figure No. 3.
When the blouse, sleeves, and hood are inflated it will be seen that the whole
apparatus is composed of five compartments independent the one of the other, all
cushioned and that on the shoulders it is provided with two loops which facilitates
the removal of the blouse from the body according to letters and when it is
desired to take it off, and baving'at the bottom five metal loops which sustain a belt &
which serves to tie the blouse to the body and to loosen it as the case may be and
then it will have the form expressed in Figure No. 4 front view and No. 4' back
view.
The blouse looking at the interior will form an oval, cushioned in the part which
fits the body; the hood, and sleeves being of the same construction according to
Figure No. 5.
The complementary apparatus to carry the provisions, liquids, lamp, trumpet, bell,
or other appliances will have the Figure No. 6.
The form of the supplementary apparatus to carry the case, bag, or pouch intended
for keeping the valuables and for keeping the whole apparatus put together will have
the appearance Figure No. 7,

page_text: The blouse may have in combination or attachable to it a pair of trousers into
which will enter the feet, legs, and body with everything, shoes, trousers, and
clothing. The trousers will not end at the waist but will reach to the upper part of
the chest in front and up to the shoulders behind the whole trunk of the body,
according to letter a. At the top it will have a part formed of double fabric
according to No. 1. for filling with air with its tube b and corresponding valve in
front on the breast. It will likewise have a band also of double fabric which will
go round the chest and back according to No. 2 with its tube b' and corresponding
valve placed likewise on the breast.
The compartment No. 1 will have a hole in the centre according to letter e for
putting the head through. Said compartment will serve to support the trousers over
the shoulders and will be fastened on the chest by buttons and button holes No. 3
and by a metal piece No. 4.
Above the circular. tube No. 2 there will be a seam with a running cord to tighten
the apparatus round the trunk of the body according to No. 5.
At the part corresponding to the ankles there will be on each leg two strings as per
letter d, and two more above each knee according to letter f. At the bottom of the
foot they will have an india rubber sole so as to be able to walk on stones or other
hard substances according to letter g.
The form described in Figure 8 will be adaptable to men.
The form intended for women will be exactly the same except that from the knees to
the waist the legs of the trousers will be much wider in order to be able to keep their
clothes within them and they will have strings at the waist to reduce the size of said
clothes.
Figure No. 10 will give an idea of a man dressed in all the apparatus complete;
front view.
Figure No. 11 will give an idea of a man dressed in all the apparatus complete ;
back view.
Figure No. 12 will give an idea of a woman dressed in all the apparatus complete;
front view.
The object of dividing the blouse into four simple uninflatable compartments and
five double inflatable ones is to give freedom of movement to the neck, arms, and body
by means of the simple compartments and to have five compartments of air indepen-
dent one of the other, so that in case one or more should be burst by any accident,
the rest would always remain in reserve and serviceable to save from drowning.
The object of placing two independent compartments of air in the upper part of
the trousers is the same, to have a reserve should the other one be broken by any
accident and further the trousers have been provided with said compartments in order
that if at any time shipwreck were so instantaneous as not to give time for putting
on the blouse over them, in that case the trousers would suffice to save the
person.
The belt of double fabric described has also for object that once inflated and having
over it the blouse likewise inflated, they fit together perfectly preventing the water
from entering to wet the clothes and body obtaining by this means not only the
saving of life and valuables of the individual but likewise the preventing the chill
produced by the contact of the body with the water, which in some cases is sufficient
to cause death.
The five metal rings » Figure 13, have for object the causing of the belt which
sustains the blouse adhering to the body to run with the greatest rapidity so as to
avoid thus the tendency of the blouse to escape from the body by the force of the air
which it has within.
The metal point and fastening p Figure 14, has for object the sustaining attached
to the blouse the compartments for valuables, provisions and signals and also to allow
of the bag where the life saving apparatus is kept being opened with the greatest
quickness and in much less time than that which it is necessary to employ undoing
straps and buckles or any other fastening, as for this, it will be sufficient merely to

page_text: pull the ring which it has at the end and the opening will be effected
instantaneously.
The metal piece No. 4 Figure 15 has for object the enabling the trousers to be
fastened and suspended in a manner also instantaneous.
These three pieces contribute therefore in a highly efficacious manner to the rapidity
with which the apparatus can be put in a serviceable state.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. A life saving blouse or overall formed of five air compartments c¹, c², c³, c1, c³,
two intended for to cover the trunk of the body, two to cover the arms, and one to
cover the neck and head, with their corresponding tubes t¹, t₁, t³, t, ts, and valves,
each air compartment being independent of the rest and united to each other in the
whole apparatus by four single compartments c having two bands 61, 63, on the breast
and two ba, b on the back for attaching and taking off the box for valuables and the
auxiliary appliances.
2nd. A pair of trousers combined in their use with the blouse already described
with two air compartments 1 and 2 in the upper parts, capable of covering the whole
of the body except the arms and the neck and the head and provided with india rubber
soles g to the feet, the object of the two air compartments being whilst keeping the
body afloat to press against the inflated compartments of the blouse which will be over
them, thus forming a complete waterproof dress.
3rd. A travelling bag which by its folds and combination allows to be carried
within it when closed as per Figure 2 as well as the life saving apparatus, provisions,
liquids, appliances for attracting the attention by day or night of passing vessels or of
persons on shore or of lighthouses or forts as per Figure 6 being also able to carry
attached to it a bag or case of waterproof material capable of keeping valuable papers,
money, jewels, or other valuables, its mouth or fastening being a fabric doubled in
folds and closed and tied by a string as per Figure 7.
4th. The combination by which the life saving apparatus has joined to it both the
waterproof bag or case for valuables and the compartment for provisions, liquids, and
signals or appliances for attracting attention.
5th. The combination by which the blouse with its two compartments for valuables
and for provisions and signals can be united to the trousers as per Figures 10
and 11.
6th. The combination by which the blouse and trousers with their corresponding
appliances can be adapted and attached to the knapsacks of Soldiers or to travelling
bags of any shape thus forming, one may say, a single apparatus.
7th. I claim finally, the five metal rings r Figure 13, the metal point and
fastening p, Figure 14, and also the metal piece 4, Figure 15, because.said rings and
said pieces have for object to help conjointly in the very great rapidity with which
the apparatus can be put on by the person who may require it in a case of
urgency.