Improvements in the Treatment of Hydrocarbons, such as Turpentine or the like, for the Production of Crystalline Substances, and Apparatus for Treating and Manufacturing same.
Year: 1896

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stands after
Amendment (under Section 11 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883) as required by
the decision of the Comptroller General of the 12th day of February 1898.,
Date of Application, 14th Feb., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 28th Sept., 1896-Accepted, 13th Feb., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Treatment of Hydrocarbons, such as
Turpentine or the like, for the Production of Crystalline
Substances, and Apparatus for Treating and Manufacturing
same.
HENRY BRADLEY MCKENNA 61 Pellerin Road Stoke Newington London N.
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of passing hydrochloric acid gas over turpentine, terebene
or such like compounds contained in closed vessels made of slate porcelain or other
suitable material. By these means in a short time I convert a large proportion of
the liquid into solid crystals. I then wash the crystals in a solution containing
soda or its equivalent.
In some cases I then further refine the crystals in closed vessels externally
heated which causes the crystals to evaporate and upon the vapour entering
another vessel provided for that purpose it at once adheres to the inner side of the
said vessel in the form of white snow-like-flakes.
This compound can be used for disinfecting and other purposes.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
such
the Treatment of Hydrocarbons, such as
Improvements in the Treatment
Turpentine or the like, for the Production of Crystalline
Substances, and Apparatus for Treating and Manufacturing
same.
I, HENRY BRADLEY MCKENNA of 61 Pellerin Road Stoke Newington in the
Administrative County of London Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention, which relates to the manufacture of so-called artificial
camphor, prepared by submitting turpentine or similar hydrocarbon oil to the
action of hydrochloric acid gas in the presence of air, has reference to a special way
of introducing the turpentine or other oil to the hydrochloric acid gas in the
converting vessels.

page_text: According to my invention, I inject the turpentine, or other such-like oil, into
the vessel or vessels through which the hydrochloric acid gas is passing, by means
of a spraying device hereinafter described and shewn. This spraying device I
may employ in the following manner.
I take a series of closed vessels of any form or size and constructed of any
material unaffected by the action of acid gases. These are closed with air tight
covers made of acid resisting material such as lead, porcelain, glass, or other such
like substances. These vessels are connected together in a series or otherwise, by
inlet and outlet tubes which are preferably made from acid resisting material, and
fixed, air tight, through the lids or sides of such vessels.
These series of vessels as above described are connected by air tight tubes with
an apparatus for developing hydrochloric acid gas. This hydrochloric acid gas
when produced, being passed through the vessels by the connections as above
mentioned, acts on the spray of American turpentine (by preference) or such other
hydrocarbons of an isomeric nature as may be found suitable, which spray, for the
purpose of making a more perfect combination of the oil with the oxygen of the
air and the current of hydrochloric acid gas, I inject into the vessel or vessels,
through which the hydrochloric acid gas is passing, by means of a device worked by
an atmospheric pump.
The connections should be tubes of suitable size of lead, glass, or other such material
leading from the reservoirs or spraying apparatus containing the oil to be acted
on which may be placed at a higher level when convenient. The result is that by
the joint action of the hydrochloric acid gas and the oxygen contained in the air
originally existing in the vessels a rapid chemical action partly chlorination and
partly oxydation takes place at the expense of the atmospheric oxygen. This
causes the changing of the oil or oils as above specified into a crystalline substance
which deposits in the receiving vessels, whence it may be removed, and treated as
may be desired.-
I
append drawings in which the several parts of the above described apparatus
are depicted, Sheet 1 shewing the plan of upper floor with the decomposing jars
ranged in series and the details lettered as follows:-B is the main conveying
hydrochloric acid gas from the generator (lettered A on Sheet 2) C. C. are pipes
leading from the main to the decomposing jars D. D. which contain the oil to be
operated upon. E. E. shews a leaden escape pipe the object of which is to lead or
draw off the superfluous gases to the flue. F. F. are draining vats in which the
residual oils are separated from the crystals formed in the decomposing jars D. D.
G is an air pump and spraying apparatus, which constitutes the subject of this
invention. This apparatus is shewn enlarged on Sheet 2 lettered Fig. 4 and
reference may be made to the following parts 1 the inlet-pipe for supplying hydro-
chloric acid gas to operating jars 2 the operating jar shewing spray action 3 spray-
ing pipe and jar oil reservoirs 4. Air pump in connection with same 5, an india
rubber ball condenser for forcing in air, and 6 an outlet connection for taking off
the residual gases. On Sheet 2, at Fig. 3 (Sheet 2) is shewn an elevation of the
lower floor. A (Fig. 3) is the hydrochloric gas generator other details before
referred to being shewn in clevation with the addition that D. D. is meant to
represent the covers of the jars D. D. The remaining details shewn at Figs. 2
and 3 (Sheet 2) are lettered as follows H is the steam boiler. I. I pipe connections,
J the engine; L. L. are subliming stills in which the substance is acted upon by
air and steam, M. M. are collecting pipes for condensing the sublimed camphor etc.,
N. N. are collecting tubs for condensed water and oil; O. an hydraulic press for
pressing transparent camphor blocks; Pa hydro extractor centrifugal machine 5
for drying and washing crystals; and Q.Q. washing and draining tubs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I would have it understood
that I am aware that it has been previously proposed to produce crystals of arti- 5
ficial camphor by acting upon hydrocarbon oils with hydrochloric acid gas and
4

page_text: air in closed vessels, and I do not claim this process as my invention, but I declare
that what I claim is:-
The herein described spraying device for introducing the oil to be treated into
the vessels to be acted upon by the hydrochloric acid gas.
Dated this 28th day of September 1896.
JOHN BLACK,
Agent for Applicant.