IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING MACHINERY
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Perkins George Wimpenny and Joseph Hampson
Evans of the city of Manchester in the county of Lancaster, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING MACHINERY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Perkins, Georgo
Wimpenny, & Joseph Hampson Evans at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 23rd February 1882.
GEORGE PERKINS, GEORGE WIMPENNY and JOSEPH HAMPSON EVANS of the
City of Manchester in the County of Lancaster. ** IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING
MACHINERY."
Our Invention relates principally to ring spinning machinery but is partly
applicable to other machinery used in the preparation and spinning of fibrous
materials. Our Invention relates in the first place to the method of carrying the
rings. We sustain the rings by means of carriers or brackets which are attached
to a rail or bar which is fixed edge upwards instead of being in the ordinary hori-
zontal position. When so arranged the fly cannot collect around the ring as in the
case of the ordinary arrangement. Any suitable carrier or bracket may be used
but we prefer to use a light split or spring eye-bolt or an eye-bolt or circular clip
having a split shank which is secured to the rail by means of nuts. In some cases
the said carrier eye-bolt or spring clip may be secured to the edge of a rail which
is not fixed "edge up." A second part of our Invention relates to the carrier. We
employ a light ring-shaped traveller which is made of wire and carries a flyer or
presser also made of wire which flyer is arranged to swivel upon a horizontal axis
the upper end of the flyer extending above the carrier and moving towards and
from the spindle a part of the wire forming the flyer being formed into a spiral
spring which tends to move the upper end towards the spindle. The form of the
flyer and the material from which it is made may be varied. In the third place
in lieu of the ordinary traveller we employ a light hoop or ring which is mounted
to revolve upon or within a ball or roller bearing which may be formed or secured
Din 31

page_text: within the aforesaid carrier or bracket or be secured to the rail in the ordinary or
in a suitable manner. A flyer of the kind hereinbefore indicated or of a suitable
form is attached to the said hoop or ring. In the fourth place we adapt the ball
or roller bearings to other parts of spinning machinery in order to lessen friction
and to lessen the necessity for the use of lubricant as for example we adapt the
said bearings to the bolsters, long collars and bearings of slubbing and roving and
other spindles and to the saddles and weight hooks of drawing frames, mules and
other machines used in the preparation and spinning of fibrous materials as for
example in the case of a weight hook we provide the part of the hook which rests
upon the roller neck with two steel or hard metal balls.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Perkins, George Wimpenny & Joseph Hampson Evans
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19 August 1882.
GEORGE PERKINS, GEORGE WIMPENNY and JOSEPH HAMPSON EVANS of the
City of Manchester in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING
MACHINERY."
Our Invention relates principally to ring spinning machinery but is partly
applicable to other machinery used in the preparation and spinning of fibrous
materials. Our Invention relates in the first place to the method of carrying the
rings. We sustain the rings by means of carriers or brackets which are attached
to a rail or bar which is preferably fixed edge upwards instead of being in the
ordinary horizontal position. When so arranged the fly cannot collect around the
ring as in the case of the ordinary arrangement. Any suitable carrier or bracket
may be used but we prefer to use a light split or spring eye-bolt or an eye-bolt or
circular clip having a split shank which is secured to the rail by means of nuts.
In some cases the said carrier eye-bolt or spring clip may be secured to the edge
of a rail which may or may not be not fixed "edge up." In the second place in
lieu of the ordinary traveller we employ a light hoop or ring which is mounted to
revolve upon or within a ball or roller bearing which may be formed or secured
within the aforesaid carrier or bracket or be secured to the rail in the ordinary or
in a suitable manner. A flyer of a suitable form is attached to the said hoop or
ring. In the third place we adapt the ball or roller bearings to other parts of
spinning machinery in order to lessen friction and to lessen the necessity for the
use of lubricant as for example we adapt the said bearings to the bolsters, long
collars and bearings of slubbing and roving and other spindles.
In order that our Invention may be fully understood we have attached hereunto
a sheet of drawings made about the full size of the examples selected for illus-
tration and marked with letters of reference. In the said drawings the first part
of our Invention is illustrated by Figs 1 to 11 Figs 1 to 6 also partly illustrating
the second part thereof. In Fig 7 a is the rising and falling spindle-rail carrying

page_text: spindles b, b, and c is the rail which sustains the rings d, d. The rail c instead of
being situated over the rail a is fixed behind the line of spindles and carries the
rings by means of carriers or brackets e, e. Fig. 8 represents a cross section of the
rail cand of one of the rings. The carriers e, e are of the formation indicated in
plan in Fig: 5 and are made from half round metal which is bent into a ring the
two ends being brought together in a straight line to form a shank which is
screwed to receive the nuts g, g whereby the carrier is secured to the rail. The
carrier if considered to be necessary may be bored to receive the lower part of the
ring d which is turned to fit tightly into the carrier. The carrier so formed with
a split shank may have an amount of spring so that the ring is tightly held but
we may make the shank solid. Fig: 2 and Figs 9, 10 and 11 illustrate modifi-
cations which may be made in the form of the carrier and in the manner of
securing the same to the rail. In Fig: 2 the carrier is formed with a flat shank
whereby the carrier is secured by means of a screw or bolt to the lower edge or
side of the rail c. In Figs 10 and 11 the carrier is secured to the upper edge of
the rail. Although we prefer to fix the said rail edge upwards it is obvious that it
might be fixed with its broader face upwards but we prefer the indicated position.
Any suitable form of carrier or bracket may be used so long as the ring is carried
by parts which project forwards from a rail or bar which is situated behind the
line of spindles and any suitable traveller may be used the ring being adapted in
form to suit the traveller selected. It is obvious that if considered to be advan-
tageous the rings d may be formed with arms or screwed shanks whereby the
rings may be attached to the rail c. We would remark in this place that we have
seen the printed copy of a Specification filed in fulfilment of one of the conditions
under which Letters Patent number 3896 of the year 1881 have been granted to
William Lancaster and Edward Slater and we are therefore aware that the said
patentees have added what is substantially the first part of our Invention to the
Invention for which the said patentees petitioned for the grant of Letters Patent.
The second part of our Invention in so far as it relates to the spinning ring is
illustrated by Figs 1 to 6, wherein h and h¹. are hoops or rings which are arranged
to run upon hard steel balls or spheres. In Figs 1 to 3 the outer ring i in which
is formed the circular race for the balls is formed in two parts which can be
adjusted by means of screws to regulate the space in which the_balls run.
race is filled with small balls which form a continuous circle. In Figs 4 to 6 a
fewer number of larger balls is used and the balls are kept equidistant by means of
a ring The outer ring i. is also formed in two parts but there are no means for
adjustment. It will however be evident that means for adjusting the two parts of
the ring may also be used in cases wherein the balls aro spaced apart as in the
example. In both examples the rings i, i. are mounted in carriers e which project
from the rail as in the first part of our Invention but we do not confine ourselves
to this as the said rings or parts used in lieu thereof to contain the balls may be
fixed to rails in any suitable manner. The hoops h, h¹. are provided with
flyers, which may be of any suitable form. The flyer . which we consider to
be suitable is mounted to swivel upon an upright wire or stud m and is formed
with two arms one arm acting as the yarn guide and the other heavier or longer
arm by reason the centrifugal force keeping the guide arm pressed against the cop.
In the example the hoops hand h. are represented as being used in connection
with "dead spindles" upon which tubes are mouuted but this may be varied and
in some cases we may use "live" spindles" in connection with this part of our
Invention. Figs 12 and 13 illustrate the application of this part of our Invention
in the construction of the bearings of spindles. In Fig: 12 n is the upper end of a
long collar within which a spindle o revolves. The upper end of the said collar is
chambered out to receive a number of hard balls which are retained by a bush p.
A beveled shoulder is formed upon the spindle and upon the head r of the flyer is
formed a boss which extends downwards within the recess in the collar and is
beveled to correspond with the said shoulder so that a groove is formed the sides
of which groove bear upon the balls. Fig: 13 shows a method which may be
The

page_text: adopted in the formation of a lower bearing in a long collar. The construction of
such bearings may be varied as desired or to suit the requirements in each case so
long as the ball bearings are adopted and in some cases rollers or short cylinders
may be used instead of balls. In our provisional specification we described a
weight hook provided with two steel balls but as we find that this part of our
Invention has been published we do not herein make any claim in respect of it nor
do we make any claim in respect of the traveller described in our provisional
specification as forming "a second part of our Invention" for the reason that we
have invented a traveller which we consider to be superior to the one so described.
Having now fully set forth and indicated the nature of our said Invention and
methods of carrying the same into practical effect we would have it to be under-
stood that we claim :-
First fixing the rail which carries the "rings" upon which the travellers run
behind the line of spindles and sustaining the rings by means of brakets or parts
projecting from such rail or by means of arms or shanks formed on the said rings
substantially as set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in and by the accom-
panying drawings.
Secondly the carriers e substantially as and for the purpose set forth and
indicated.
Thirdly the rings h, h². mounted to revolve upon hard metal balls substantially
as and for the purpose set forth and indicated.
And lastly arranging for the spindles and other cognate parts of spinning
machinery to revolve within bearings which are provided with hard metal balls or
rollers which are mounted to roll in circular races substantially as and for the
purposes set forth and indicated.
In witness whereof We the said George Perkins, George Wimpenny and
Joseph Hampson Evans have hereunto set our hands and seals this sixteenth
day of August in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and
eighty-two