IM- PROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES, AND IN PARTS APPLICABLE THERETO, TO FACILITATE THE COMBUSTION OF STRAW OR OTHER LIGHT MATTERS AS FUEL
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Casimir Schemioth, of Odessa, in the Empire of
Russia, but now residing at No. 14, Finsbury Place South, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES, AND IN PARTS APPLICABLE
THERETO, TO FACILITATE THE COMBUSTION OF STRAW OR OTHER LIGHT MATTERS
AS FUEL."
Sealed the 2nd July 1872, and dated the 11th January 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Casimir Schemioth at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 11th January 1872.
I, CASIMIR SCHEMIOTH, of Odessa, in the Empire of Russia, but now
residing at No. 14, Finsbury Place South, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES, AND IN PARTS APPLICABLE
THERETO, TO FACILITATE THE COMBUSTION OF STRAW OR OTHER LIGHT MATTERS AS
FUEL," to be as follows:-
The object of the Invention is to facilitate the economic use as fuel in

page_text: furnaces of straw or other light matters, such as jute, various grasses,
and light vegetable fibres or roots.
For this purpose I apply to or near the mouth of the furnace moving
or compressing surfaces, between which the matters to be used as fuel
are passed, and in being so passed are compressed as they pass to the
furnace; and the interior of the furnace is formed with a channel or
channels by which atmospheric air may be conducted to impinge on the
surface of such fuel just within the mouth of the furnace.
The moving or compressing surfaces employed by me consist of
scries of rollers in pairs, the pair next the mouth of the furnace being
closer together than the next pair, and so on to the outermost pair,
which are placed the farthest apart. By this arrangement a sort of
double incline or hopper with travelling surfaces is obtained, the direc-
tion of motion of the surfaces of the respective rollers being towards the
mouth of the furnace, the movements to the parts being by ordinary 1
means.
The matters to be consumed are placed on a table or surface next the
outer rollers.
In place of a series of rollers a pair or pairs of belts, bands, or
travelling surfaces may be employed.
The passage for the introduction of the atmospheric air to the interior

page_text: our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, givo
and grant unto me, the said Casimir Schemioth, Her special licence
that I, the said Casimir Schemioth, my executors, dministrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Casimir Schemioth, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM
BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES, AND IN PARTS APPLICABLE THERETO, TO FACILITATE
THE COMBUSTION OF STRAW OR OTHER LIGHT MATTERS AS FUEL," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Casimir Schomioth, my
exccutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Casimir Schemioth, do hereby declaro
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
--
The object of the Invention is to facilitate the economic use of straw
or other light matters, such as jute, cotton, or maize stalks, various
grasses, and light vegetable fibres or roots as fuel in furnaces.
For this purpose I apply to or near the mouth of the furnace moving
or compressing surfaces, between which the matters to be used as fuel
are passed, and in being so passed are compressed as they pass to the
furnace.
The moving or compressing surfaces employed by me consist of rollers
in pairs, and I find a single pair of such feed rollers to answer well,
though in some cases I employ series of them, in which case the pair
next the mouth of the furnace will be closer together than the next
pair, and so on to the outermost pair, which are placed the farthest
apart, an arrangement by which a sort of double incline or hopper with
travelling surfaces is obtained, the direction of motion of the surfaces of

page_text: ⚫the respective rollers being towards the mouth of the furnace, the move-
ments of the parts being by ordinary, means.
The matters to be consumed are placed on a table or surface next the
feed rollers.
In place of rollers a pair or pairs of belts, bands, or other travelling 5
surfaces may be employed.
The interior of the furnace is formed with a channel or channels by
which atmospheric air may be conducted to impinge on the surface of
such fuel just within the mouth of the furnace.
The passage for the introduction of the atmospheric air to the interior 10
of the furnace is formed with a shaft or support for the matters as they
pass to the surface of the fire-bars.
But that the Invention may be fully understood I will by the aid of
the accompanying Drawings proceed to describe means pursued by me
in carrying the some into effect.
15

page_text: the axis fe carrying the roller fl. Rotary motion is given to the roller f,
and thence by the pinions f³, f³, to the roller f¹ by a strap or band h,
which passes partly round the pulley i on the crank or driving shaft e
and also partly around the pulley ft. The axis fe" of the roller f¹ is sup-
5 ported in the ends of arms j, j, which at their other ends are capable
of movement on pins j³, J. By this means the distance between the
rollers fand f¹ is slightly variable to the quantity of matter fed between
them, and the roller f¹ is capable of exerting a regulated pressure. The
amount of pressure exerted by the roller f¹ is capable of being controlled
by means of the weighted lever k, which turns upon the fixed stud k¹
and carries the cross bar k³, the outer ends of which are connected to the
lower ends of rods 1, the upper ends of which bear upon the axis ƒª.
m is a table upon which the matters to be used as fuel are placed as they
are conducted to the feed rollers ƒ, ƒ³.
In some cases the combustion of the material supplied to the furnace c
may be facilitated and the heat evolved increased by the admixture
therewith of minute quantities of petroleum or such like hydrocarbon
oil, and such hydrocarbon is supplied from a reservoir m, which may be
placed in any suitable position so as by a pipe n¹, n³, to effect the desired
supply. The part n³ of this pipe, which though shown within the fire-
door may be placed exterior thereof, and is perforated with numerous
fine holes to admit of the hydrocarbon or other inflammable oil dropping
on the matters to be consumed in their passage to the furnace.
If desired the pipe n³ may be placed to cause the hydrocarbon to
drop on the matters whilst they are undergoing combustion in the
furnace.
In carrying out my improvements I form the fire-bars o to turn on a
hinge joint at o³, and they are held up in working condition by chains o³,
one end of each of which is attached to arms o³ from the fire-bars o, and
rising from which they are wound on to and at their other ends attached
to a roller o', which is provided with a ratchet wheel o, the teeth of
which are taken into by a stop 06, so as to retain the roller o' and con-
sequently the bars o in position. But when desired the furnace can be
readily cleared by releasing the stop o' from the ratchet wheel o³, and
thus allowing the bar to tilt, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 4,
when the contents of the fire-box c will fall into the ash pan p, and may
thence be removed into a water tank at q. The roller o' may be turned
for winding up the chains of by a handle o', or by a spanner, or other-

page_text: CASIMIR SCHEMIOTH. (L.S.)