Improvements in Apparatus for Converting Reciprocating into Rotary Motion.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Feb., 1887
Complete Left, 22nd Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 22nd Feb., 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Converting Reciprocating into
Rotary Motion.
I, JOHN CARRINGTON SELLARS, of 68, Bridge Street, Birkenhead in the County of
Chester, Manufacturing Chemist do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
to be as follows:-
According to my Invention I employ ratchet pulleys, or equivalent pulleys namely
pulleys that are fixed, or bind on their carrying shaft when turned one way and are
loose, or turn on their shaft when turned in the reverse direction, such pulleys being
actuated as hereafter set forth.
To impart continuous rotary motion to a shaft I employ the fast and loose pulleys as
above in pairs and I impart rotary motion to them by means of endless ropes, cords, or
bands to which an intermittent pulley motion is given by a gripping pulley, or
equivalent device actuated by any suitable reciprocating device such as a rocking lever,
or frame moved by manual, animal, steam, hydraulic, or other power, the gripping
device being so arranged on the reciprocating device that it grips and pulls the endless
when moved in one direction and slips on the rope when moved in the reverse
direction. The gripping devices have alternate movement so that when one gripping
device is pulling the endless rope the other gripping device is slipping on the endless
rope. The endless ropes are passed over the shaft pulleys in reverse directions and so
that when one shaft pulley is imparting movement to the shaft, the other shaft pulley
is slipping on the shaft.
rope
In using ratchet pulleys on the shaft and as the gripping devices, I preferably make
the pawls of such pulleys of alternate layers of metal and fibrous imaterial, or wood so
as to obtain a silent motion. I carry the loop, or slack of the endless ropes over pulleys
which may be fixed, or adjustable swinging counterbalanced pulleys and which are
located in the course of the rope for this purpose at that part of the rope to suit the
particular reciprocating device being used. To gain increased speed the pulley shaft
inay be connected by toothed wheels to a secondary shaft. I prefer to use internal
geared wheels for this purpose.
Waham... 1007

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Converting Reciprocating into
Rotary Motion.
I, JOHN CARRINGTON SELLARS, of 68 Bridge Street, Birkenhead, in the County of
Chester, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
According to my Invention I employ ratchet pulleys or equivalent pulleys, namely
pulleys that are fixed, or bind on their carrying shaft when turned one way and are
loose, or turn on their shaft when turned in the reverse direction, such pulleys being
actuated as hereafter set forth.
To impart continuous rotary motion to a shaft I employ the fast and loose pulleys as
above in pairs and I impart rotary motion to them by means of endless ropes, cords,
or bands, to which an intermittent pulling motion is given by a gripping pulley, or
equivalent device actuated by any suitable reciprocating device, such as a rocking
lover, or frame moved by manual, animal, steam, hydraulic, or other power, the
gripping device being so arranged on the reciprocating device that it grips and pulls
the endless rope when moved in one direction and slips on the rope when moved in the
reverse direction.
The gripping devices have alternate movement, so that when one
gripping device is pulling the endless rope, the other gripping device is slipping on
the endless rope. The endless ropes are passed over the shaft pulleys in reverse
directions and so that when one shaft pulley is imparting movement to the shaft, the
other shaft pulley is slipping on the shaft.
In using ratchet pulleys on the shaft and as the gripping devices, I preferably make
the pawls of such pulleys of alternate layers of metal, and fibrous material such as
wood said layers being fastened together by rivets or otherwise so as to obtain a silent
motion. I carry the loop, or slack of the endless ropes over pulleys which may be
fixed, or adjustable swinging counterbalanced pulleys and which are located in the
course of the rope for this purpose at that part of the rope to suit the particular
reciprocating device being used. To gain increased speed the pulley shaft may be
connected by toothed wheels to a secondary shaft. I prefer to use internal geared
wheels for this purpose.
In order that my Invention may be clearly understood I have hereunto attached a
sheet of Drawings which make a part of this Specification and which are marked with
figures and letters of reference corresponding with those used in the following
explanation, like letters and figures being used to denote like, or corresponding parts
throughout the several views and figures.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a ratchet pulley such as I employ in the carrying
out of my Invention. The pulley is shown with the pawl disc drawn away from the
pulley so as to show the internal teeth.
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of the pulley.
Figure 3 is a plan of the pawl disc.
Figure 4 is an elevation of the pulley constructed to be driven by a belt, or band.
Figure 5 is an elevation of the pulley constructed to be driven by a chain.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of a hand and foot power apparatus, the power being
transmitted to the shaft by means according to my Invention.
Figure 7 is a perspective view of a horse or other animal power apparatus, the power
being transmitted to the shaft by means according to my Invention.
According to my Invention 1 obtain rotary movement from reciprocating movement
by the employment of ratchet, or equivalent pulleys that are fixed, or bind on their
carrying shaft when turned one way and are loose, or turn on their shaft when turned
in the reverse direction, or when the shaft over runs the pulley, thus giving a free
shaft movement; the pulley, or pulleys being driven by means of endless ropes, cords,
bands, chains, or by a treadle movement; the endless ropes, or their equivalent being
worked by any reciprocating device, such as a rocking lever, or frame worked by
any suitable power, or the rope may be worked by animal power direct.
Figures 1, 2 and 3 illustrate the pulley which I prefer to employ. It consists of a
pulley a free to turn on its carrying shaft b. The pulley a is provided with a recess c
having ratchet teeth d. e is a disc (shown drawn away from the pulley a) which is keyed,
or otherwise attached to the shaft band is provided with pawls i which, when the disc
is in position up against the pulley a, are in the recess c and take into the teeth d of the
pulley a. The pulley is driven by the rope h actuated by any suitable reciprocating
gripping device such as hereafter described. To obtain continuous rotary motion I
employ two pulleys such as a side by side on the same shaft and I lead their ropes over
thein in reverse directions so that one pulley is imparting motion to the shaft during,
say, the outstroke of the reciprocating device and the other pulley is imparting motion
to the shaft during the return stroke of such device, the shaft running free in the
pulley not in action. The pulley shown in Figure 1 is suitable for rope power. When
the pulley is to be driven by a band I construct it as shown in Figure 4 and when
driven by a chain as shown in Figure 5.
In the example shown at Figure 6 there is illustrated a manual hand and foot power
apparatus according to my Invention. b is the shaft to be driven, 6' its fly wheel and
the power transmitting pulley. The shaft 6 is carried in bearings on the frame
and is provided with two pulleys a which are constructed as above described in
reference to Figures 1. 2 and 3. The reciprocating device consists of a radial frame m
having a balance weight m¹ and cross bars n provided with gripping devices P and
guide pulleys q. The gripping devices p may be the same as those described in the
Specification of a former Patent granted to ine No. 3072 A.D. 1886 or other suitable
gripping devices may be used. The ropes are led round the ratchet pulleys a
round the gripping pulleys p and round the guide pulleys q as shown. The frame m
is provided with hand bars and guides to lead pulling ropes over. s is a foot lever
fulcrumed at s' and connected to the balance weight m¹ by the links t.
The
In the example shown at Figure 7 there is illustrated a horse, or other animal power
apparatus. is the shaft to be driven b¹ its fly wheel and its power transmitting
pulley. To obtain an increased speed there is used a secondary shaft a.
shafts 6 and are carried in bearings in the frame 1. The shaft 6 is provided with a
pulley a such as above described in Figure 5 and the shaft x is provided with a chain
wheel w geared to the pulley a by the chain h. On the shaft there are two
pulleys a a² constructed with ratchet gear as above described and there is provided a
second frame which is placed some distance from the frame and carries a shaft.c.
This shaft is also provided with two pulleys a³ at the ratchet gear of the pulley a* is

page_text: reversed, or this pulley may be fixed on the shaft x¹ the pulleys a' a' of the shaft & are
connected to the pulleys as a' of the shaft ¹ by endless ropes hand h¹. The rope his
provided with a ring for attaching the "horse gear "to. By the horse pulling the
rope h in the direction of the arrow the pulley a¹ turns the shaft & in the direction
of the arrow u the shaft x running free in the pulley a' and the pulley a³ running free
on the shaft 2. On the return walk of the horse the pulley a binds on the shaft
and the shaft gears with and turns the pulley a and the rope h¹ turns the pulley a²
which turns the shaft x. Thus motion is given to the shaft and through the chain h
to the pulley a and the shaft b.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
First. The means substantially herein described for converting reciprocating into
rotary motion, which means consist of imparting rotary motion to a shaft by ratchet,
or equivalent pulleys actuated by an endless rope, or ropes, or their equivalent and
reciprocating gripping devices, as set forth.
Second. The construction of apparatus herein described in reference to the Drawings
for converting reciprocating into rotary motion.
Third. The construction and arrangement of apparatus for converting reciprocating
into rotary motion as herein described and set forth in reference to Figure 6 of the
Drawings hereto annexed.
Fourth. The construction and arrangement of apparatus for.converting reciprocating
into rotary motion as herein described and set forth in reference to Figure 7 of the
Drawings hereto annexed.
Dated this 21st day of November 1887.