IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING WINDOW SASHES AND SLIDING FRAMES OF CASES, BOXES, OR OTHER RECEPTACLES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Dominy and James Russell, of Weymouth,
in the County of Dorset, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR SECURING WINDOW SASHES AND SLIDING FRAMES OF CASES,
BOXES, OR OTHER RECEPTACLES.”
Scaled the 28th June 1872, and dated the 4th January 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Dominy and
James Russell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 4th January 1872.
We, GEORGE DOMINY and JAMES RUSSELL, of Weymouth, in the
County of Dorset, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING WINDOW SASHES AND SLIDING
FRAMES OF CASES, BOXES, OR OTHER RECEPTACLES," to be as follows :-
This Invention has for object the construction and arrangement of
apparatus, self-acting or otherwise, for securing window sashes and
sliding frames of cases, boxes, or other receptacles, and consists, firstly,
A

page_text: of a self-acting fastener composed of a sliding bolt and a spring connected
to the usual base plate which is screwed on the top rail of the lower
sash or one portion of a box, as the case may be, the bolt and spring
being capable of oscillating and sliding transversely to the rail. The
bolt has a slot or aperture into which a pin or screw takes to regulate
its movement, the pin or screw being attached to the base plate or to a
lip or other projection thereon. The inner end of the bolt is provided
with a knob or button, and its outer end with a hook or claw with a
slanting face, which when the fastener is secure engages with a corre-
sponding shaped catch or claw on the upper sash, the action of the spring
then draws the two sash rails together, which prevents the fastener being
undone from the outside. We have referred to one catch or claw on the
hook of the upper sash, but more than one may be arranged if required.
The apparatus may be fitted upon the sashes in any position, either trans-
versely or parallel with the rails, in which case a slight alteration in shape
would be necessary.
A second description of fastener is composed of two half round or 2
other shaped bars brought together with a ring for sliding over them,
which ring will represent a hole in a pivoted bolt, the bolt being
pivoted on the inside sash plate, through its hole an arcular bar guide
fixed to the inner base plate is passed; a spring is also fitted on this
plate which tends to force the bolt forward, but when the bolt is pulled 2
back by its knob it is held by a spring catch situated at the bottom or
on the top of the base plate. On the top or outside sash plate is a hook
corresponding partly with the arcular line formed by the bolt; this is
so formed as to cause the action of the sashes to be pulled together. On
the base plate is a slanting projection capable of a slight movement, and 3
its object is to touch a projection of the spring catch when the sashes are
brought together; by this means the bolt is released; it then flies
forward and hasps the window. The slanting projection, by its con-
struction and slight movement, so acts on the spring catch as to allow
it or the sashes to be raised or lowered when opening the window without
disturbing the spring catch, and then holds the bolt back ready for the
next closing of the window.
3

page_text: A modification of the above is afforded by making the bolt slide or
spring forward parallel to the sash rail, in which operation the bolt
makes a quarter or partial turn, so that as the binding ring or bolt hole
turns up as it is unfastened for the object of its clearly freeing the sashes
when pushed up or down. The mainspring by preference is of a spiral
form. There are suitable guides or slots for giving the bolt the necessary
nantial turn
partial turn
We propose in some cases to use the fasteners without the self-acting
fittings, in which case the mainspring acts on the bolt to either keep it
hasped or not, to suit the object required.
According to another construction or arrangement a bolt works in a
cylindrical case fixed on the inside sash; the bolt slides transversely to
the sash rail, and is formed with a knobbed stem projecting through the
end of the case, its outer or fastening end being grooved or threaded.
Around the stem and within the cylindrical casc is a spiral spring with a
tendency to force the bolt forward and give it a partial turn. The bolt
is provided with a notch or projection for a spring catch to act against
for holding back the bolt. A stud on the bolt working in a groove or
slot on the cylinder, or vice versa, gives the necessary guide to the bolt.
On the top or outer sash is a short cylinder or ring which has within it
a stud or projection for engaging or entering the thread of the bolt as
the latter advances and partly rotates; by this means the sashes are
secured and drawn together. The outer sash plate has a slanting pro-
jection which operates the spring catch as in the preceding.
In some cases the short cylinder on the outer sash would be a stem
with a stud projecting, the bolt being hollow and provided with a thread
or groove to allow the stem with stud to enter. The projection on the
short cylinder could be slanting to act as the thread or groove on the
bolt.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Dominy and James Russell in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 4th July 1872.
filed by the said George Dominy and James Russell in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 4th July 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, GEORGE
DOMINY and JAMES RUSSELL, of Weymouth, in the County of Dorset,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said George Dominy and James Russell, Her
special licence that we, the said George Dominy and James Russell, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
George Dominy and James Russell, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING
WINDOW SASHES AND SLIDING FRAMES OF CASES, BOXES, AND OTHER RECEPTACLES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said George Dominy
and James Russell, or one of us, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Dominy and James Russell,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say:
This Invention has for its object the construction of mechanical
appliances, self-acting or otherwise, which are applicable for securing

page_text: window sashes, doors, frames, sliding cases, boxes, and other similar
articles.
The Invention, which will be well understood by the following detailed
description and Drawings annexed, consists of several differently con-
structed primary actions, modifications, and arrangements, the principal
novelty being the self-acting or self-hasping of the fasteners :-
The first part we refer to is that relating to the self-acting class, onc
of which has a sliding bolt fitted on a base plate, which latter is secured
or screwed to the inner or bottom sash, and is capable of oscillation
horizontally, and sliding transversely to the sash rail; the bolt has an
elongated or slotted hole, through which a pin or screw is passed in the
base plate. At the outer end of the bolt is a hook or projection having
a slanting under face, also the bolt has a handle or knob; a spring is
employed for forcing the bolt back and into place. On the outer or top
sash is a plate having a catch or hook standing vertically, which engages
the slanting projection of the bolt; as the window is closed the bolt by
the aid of the spring tends to bind the sashes. On the bottom of the
inner or bolt base plate are guides to ensure the outer catch entering
properly. To this action are several modifications, such as placing the
bolt to slide parallel to the sash rails; also the bolt having a pillar, and
to this is fitted a spring and catch in one, also the catch might be
pivoted to this pillar with a separate spring. We also have some non-
self-acting fasteners on the same principle; that is, by pushing the bolt
across its hook to engage with a staple or projection on the upper sash
rail. A spring employed for pulling the bolt back tends to bind the
sashes; a pull of the handle in the reverse direction releases it. By
modifying the direction of the slot or elongated hole in the bolt it can
be made to lock at the same time as the binding takes place, and this is
done after the bolt is pushed across to the staple by giving it a push to
one side.
The second part of the Invention is also of the self-acting class, and
is based on bringing two half-round bars together, and sliding a ring
hala in th and
of a halt which is

page_text: catch. On the other or upper sash rail is a hook representing the other
half-round bar. The spring catch just mentioned is capable of releasing
the bolt by a slanting projection on the outer base plate coming into
contact with a part of the catch. As the window is closed the bolt is
released and flies round; the hole in the same slide over the outer half-
round hook, thereby causing the sashes to be securely fastened; on
pulling back the bolt the catch would hold it ready for the next closing
of the window. A modification of this action is by making the bolt
slide or spring forward parallel to the sash rail, in which operation the
bolt makes a quarter or partial turn, so that as the binding ring or bolt
hole turns up as it is unfastened and free of the sashes when they are
pushed up or down. The mainspring by preference is of a spiral form.
There are suitable guides or slots for giving the bolt the necessary
partial turn. The projection and spring catch arc as just described.
We also propose using fasteners with this action and without the self-
acting fittings, in which case the mainspring is made to act on the bolt
to either keep it hasped or not. The bolt is so formed that it can be
either pushed or pulled in fastening; and in some cases we dispense
with the half-round or circular bar on the inner base plate, also the bolt
itself. We modify this latter arrangement by turning up its end instead:
of the hole, in which case the outer hook is merely altered in design.
Again we propose to fit an eccentric at the centre or pivot of the bolt,
the turning of which would give an extra lock binding to the sashes;
again this extra lock binding can be done by the pivot hole being a long
slot, and using the same eccentric to the turned-up end of the bolt, so
that when the bolt is fastened by giving it a push to one side the pivot
traverses through the eccentric slot, and gives the required lock and
"

page_text: spring catch arrangement is placed so as to engage a stud from the bolt.
through a slot in the base plate. When the bolt is pulled back this
catch engages or retains it, so that when the window is closed a pro-
jection on the outer base plate moves the catch, this allowing the bolt to
spring forward and hasp the window.
Another modification consists of an eccentric and a spring catch which
can be fitted to the side of the window if desired. The turning of the
eccentric by a handle pushes its catch into a notch of a plate on the
sash to secure the frames. The eccentric fastener can be made to act as
a self-acting one or not, and the eccentric can be employed as a binder to
prevent the sashes rattling or vibrating.
The last part of our Invention consists of a few arrangements for
locking or hasping some of the bolts as they are pulled round for
fastening the window. Also of the ring bolt fastener and a plan of a
rotary wedge for jamming the sashes, some of which locking or hasping
arrangements are applicable to the old-fashioned fasteners or bolts fitted
on the outer sash rail.
Having thus far explained the nature of our said Invention, we will
proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings the manner in which the same is carried into practice.
Figure 1 represents a plan view; and Figure 2, an end or side elevation
of a self-acting or hasping fastener suitable specially for window sashes,
the fastener being constructed according to the first part of our
Invention; Figures 3 and 4 are sectional views of parts of the same;
Figure 5 is a modification in the arrangements of the spring; Figure 6 is
a plan; and Figure 7, a side elevation respectively of a self-acting pillar
spring action; Figures 8, 9, 10, and 11 are respectively a plan, end
elevation (with outer catch and plate lowered), and section of a modifi-
cation of Figures 6 and 7; Figure 12 is a plan view of a self-acting
fastener similar to Figure 1, only having the bolt parallel to the meeting
rails; Figures 13 and 14 show a side catch self-acter; Figures 15 to 20
are a class of non-self-acting fasteners touching the principle in con-
struction of Figure 1; Figures 21, 22, and 23 are plan, sectional end
elevation, and sectional plan views respectively of a self-acting ring bolt
fastener showing the arrangements of the several parts; Figure 24
shows detail sections of the same fastener; Figures 25 & 26 is a plan
and sectional end elevation of a parallel modification of the just-
mcntioned ring bolt action. From Figures 27 to 41 are several of our

page_text: fasteners touching the principle in construction of the just described
ring bolt fastener, but of the non-self-acting class, and with modifi-
cations, sections, extra binding and locking, and general details of same.
Figure 42 is a plan view of a cylindrical spring bolt fastener; Figure 43
is a part sectional side elevation of the same; Figures 44 to 48 are
sections and details of the same; Figure 49 is the eccentric and spring
catch fastener and binder fitted to the side of the window frame;
Figure 50 is a plan of a plate connected with the same; Figures 51 to
59 are Drawings of some self-locking or self-hasping arrangements
applicable to the bolts of some of the just-mentioned non-self-acting
fasteners, and also to locking the old-fashioned bolts at present in use;
Figure 60 is a rotatory wedge for jamming the sashes to keep them from
rattling; Figures 62 and 63 are views of a modification of the ring bolt

page_text: Figure 2, in which A¹ is the outer base plate; B, the bolt, clearly
showing its slanting catch in position when hasped; C, the outer catch
on A'; D, the knob; and E, the bolt staple. A great feature in the use
of this fastener is that we are enabled to take advantage of the width
given us by the parting bead of the sash frame, the width being limited;
thereby it will be seen that the catch C projects into the base plate A.
The dotted lines t, t, show about the width of the parting bead, and in
the inside sash bar we cut a small groove to allow for the passage of the
catch C. The action is as follows: The catch C comes against tho
slanting catch of the bolt B in closing the window, and draws it out, but
when the window is up and in place it drops back by the aid of the
spring into the catch of C, as shown in the Figure, thereby securely
fastening and binding the sashes of the window.
Figure 3 is a view of the guides attached to the under part of the
base plate A, these being used for correctly guiding the catch C up
through the base plate A; E is the bolt staple.
Figure 4 shows a sectional side view of this guide and the catch C
about to enter it. The back part of this guide G serves to keep the
binding action of the bolt from bumping the sash rails together while
the catches are passing each other. The dotted guide at shows how
the catch C would be when it had passed this guide, and up in place for
permitting the binding to take place. A is the inner base plate, and
A is the outer plate.
Figure 5 shows some modifications in the way of applying the springs.
A shows a part of the base plate turned up, and to it is fitted the
spring S; B is the bolt shown broken, projecting from it is a hook or
spring passage; b shows a side view of this passage. The dotted lines S¹
show a kind of bow spring, which is attached at one end to the base
plate; the dotted link S connects the bolt to the spring S instead of
the spring passage shown.
Figures 6 and 7 is a plan and side elevation respectively of a self-
acting pillar spring fastener on the principle of Figure 1, only having
the catch and spring all in one, in which B is the catch and spring
riveted or fitted to a pillar B'; this pillar has a basc piece B* pivoted
or screwed to a base plate A similar to previous fasteners, and on an arnı
forming part of the pillar base; B is the knob or handle D. By pulling
the knob for unfastening it moves the pillar base B³, and with it the

page_text: spring catch, which becomes drawn out of the catch C, and a similar
movement takes place as in the previous fastener; S is a spring for
returning the base B³, or counteracting the pull of the knob. In closing
the window the catch B only is drawn out, as will be seen by referring
to Figure 7. In these Figures A is the inner base plate with the
guide G, as explained in Figures 3 and 4; A is the outer base plate
with its catch C, and 6 is a staple acting as a guide and protection for
the spring catch.
Figures 8, 9, and 10 are a plan, side elevation, and detail views
respectively of a modification of the just mentioned pillar spring
fastener, the difference being in having the catch B working on a
pivot at the top of the pillar B¹, and the catch B projecting to one
side, as seen in detail at Figure 10. The dotted portion shows an end
view of same; b is a guide and check to the movements of B. E¹,
Figure 8 and 9, is a stop which checks the guide from being over-
drawn; this check movement could be placed in the joint if necessary.
In these Figures A is the base; A', outer base plate with its
catch C lowered and about to enter the guide G; this catch has a double
notch which might also be used in the other fasteners; D is the knob;
S is the counteracting spring; E is the spring of main catch, and F is a
pivot or screw of pillar base B². Figure 10 shows the catch detached
indicating some of the parts dotted. H, Figure 8, is a stop for the pillar
base B³.
Figure 11 shows a side and end view of a modification of the pillar
catch, which catch is level or even with the sides of the pillars. B² is the
pillar base; B', the pillar; B, the catch; b, the guide; E, the spring;
the movements of this is the same as in the other. The tail of B and
spring E might still be modified.
Figure 12 is a plan view of a parallel fastener shown screwed on the
sash rail; its action and movement are very similar to Figure 1; the 3
side view of the catches would appear as Figure 2. The same parts are
indicated by the same references as in Figure 1. By pulling the knob
the bolt B slides according to the slot, and on dropping back pushes
against the side of the catch C. The spring acts two ways, one for
pulling back and the other for forcing the bolt to the left. The spring a
can be modified in shape, and the action may be the same; also two or
a double spring could be used in this arrangement.

page_text: Figures 13 and 14 show a side catch self-acting fastener, in which
Figure 13 is a plan view and Figure 14 a perspective view of the outer
base plate A', and showing the side catch C, of Figure 13; A is the base
plate; B, the bolt. The part D is where the knob is fitted, but in this
Figure it is removed; E is the staple hook; S is a spring forcing the
bolt forward; F is a spring binder which rubs against the outer slant of
catch C and binding the sashes, which binder is kept down in place by a
staple. The guides G at the bottom of the base plate A are not shown,
but are as previously explained. The action is thus:-As the catch C
comes up through the base plate A it pushes the bolt B to one side till
it drops in the notch; at this time the binder F would be in action. For
unfastening the window pull the bolt back by its knob, which when
out of the catch would drop to the left, pushing against the inside
of catch C, allowing the window to be opened, at which operation the
bolt would again spring forward. H is a projection of metal on baso
plate A, keeping the catch C from catching on A when opening the
window.
Figure 15 is a plan view of our non-self-acting class of fasteners, and
touching the principle in construction of Figure 1, in which fastener A
is the base plate; A¹, outer base plate having a staple C; B is the bolt
with a hook on its outer end; D, the handle or knob; D¹, an additional
button or knob so as to give a more direct push to the bolt when
hasping; S is a spiral spring pushing the bolt back. It will be observed
that the spring is in two short cylinders, one on the bolt and the other
on the base plate A. We also propose applying any of the others; E is
the bolt staple. By pulling the knob it draws the bolt hook out of
the staple C, which flies back, allowing the window to be opened.
Figure 16 is an elevation of the staple C, as per dotted lines.
Figure 17 is a sectional side view through the dotted line a, a,
Figure 15, in which A is the base plate; A³, is the outer base plate; B,
the bolt; C, the outer base plate staple; D¹, the button or knob; and E,
the bolt staple.
Figure 18 shows a crank in the bolt, which might be applied so as to
allow for any little deviation in the latteral movement of the sashes; the
dotted lines show about the position of the staple E when hasped.
Figure 19 show a plan view of a similar fastener with a binding and
locking bolt; A, and A, the usual base plates; C, a staple; the indent

page_text: pulling the bolt back it would be caught by a catch H seen projecting
up through the base plate A. The dotted lines represent the bolt drawn
back.
Figure 22 is a sectional side view taken through the centre line of the
bolt Figure 21, in which Figure 22 A is the base plate; A', outer plate;
B, the bolt with its knob D; C, the outer half-round hook; and H, the
half-round or circular bar guide.
Figure 23 is a sectional plan view showing the base plate partly
broken away, to show the position and arrangement of the catch H,
which catch is fitted to the bottom of the plate A; H', a spring keeping
catch in place. The catch H has a projection at h, which comes in
contact with the tumbling catch discharger I, seen in Figures 21 and 24,
which latter Figure shows a front and side elevation of the base plate A¹;
C is the hook, and i is a spring keeping the discharger I in place, as
seen in the plain view Figure 21. We use the guide G as explained in
Figures 3 and 4, although not shown to bring the base plates in proper
position.
The action of this fastener is,-As the window is closed the dis-
charger I comes against the projecting part of the catch H, thereby
causing it to be pushed back for releasing the bolt B which flies forward,
sliding its ring over the half-round hook c, and securely fastening and
binding the window. On opening the window the discharger tilts.
Figure 25 is a plan of a parallel fastener on the same principle as the
one just mentioned in reference to Figure 21, the difference only being
the bolt moving parallel with the sash rails. A is the inner base plate;
A', the outer plate, with its hook and tumbling discharger I, the same
as explained at Figure 24; the catch arrangement at bottom of A is
the same as in Figure 21.
B, Figure 25, is the bolt, having a tube and sliding on a guide bar E
supported by blocks E', E'; F is a half-round hook forming part of E';
D is a finger or button, and d is a finger hook giving a purchase
when being unfastened; S is a spiral spring for forcing the bolt to the
left; on the rail E is formed a spiral groove, and in this groove a stud
or screw takes as seen dotted at b.
Figures 26 shows a sectional side view; D is the button or knob;
A, inner base plate; A', outer plate; B, the bolt; C, the hook; F, inner
and T Tal the sunnorting blocks

page_text: The action of this fastener is,-As the bolt B is drawn back, it is by
the spiral groove in the guide bar turned up so as to free the movement
of the top or outer sash, and as the window is closed the catch move-
ment releases the bolt as explained in previous fastener, thereby
causing it to fly forward and hasp the window. This fastener might be 5
slightly modified by so forming the guide as to give a quarter or partial
turn of the bolt. The base plate A and also the stem E might be made
to slide with the bolt fixed thereto.
Figure 27 is a plan view of a non-self-acting fastener of the ring bolt
class, in which A is the inner base plate; A¹, the outer plate having 1
a hook C; B, the bolt with the knob removed; S, the spring acting
on the bolt so as to keep it fastened or not; E is the check block.
Figure 28 is a sectional side view through the line a, a, of Figure 27;
B is the bolt; D, the knob; A, inner base plate; A³, outer plate; C, the
hook; and S, the spring.
Figure 29 shows a front view of the hook C. A¹ is the base plate.
A hole could be made in hook at the dotted circle to allow of its
being secured by a padlock.
1
Figure 30 is a similar fastener having a double hook, and the bolt
made to pull towards the operator when in the act of fastening it. B is 2
the bolt with an arm on it; C is the outer hook; E, the inner hook;
and S is the spring.
Figure 31 is a sectional side view. B is the bolt; C, the outer hook;
E, the inner hook; D, the knob; A, the inner base plate; and A¹, the
outter base plate.
2
Figure 32 is a plan view of a modification of the just mentioned
double hook fastener. In this fastener the bolt B slides under the
hook C, and a turned-up end of the bolt causes the sashes to be bound.
A is the inner base plate; A¹, the outer base plate; D, the knob; S, the
spring; and E is a stop for the bolt either way; the portion A seen 30
dotted off is the front view of the inner base plate.
Figure 33 is a part sectional side elevation showing the bolt under the
hook, in which A is the inner base plate; A', the outer plate; B, the
bolt; and C, the hook.
Figure 34 shows how another form could be applied as the turned-up 35
portion of the bolt to which the hook C would be made to match.

page_text: 1332
plate.
Figure 36 is a plan view of the inner base plate of an eccentric binding
fastener; all the parts are similar to the last-described fastener excepting
3 the centre pivot part, and here we fit an eccentric having a lever F
which the pivot screw passes through, B being the bolt.
By referring to Figure 27, it will be seen that the eccentric is in a
detached elevation and a view turned upside down. F is the eccentric
lever; G, the eccentric and H the eccentric knob. It will be readily
> seen that after the bolt B is turned to fasten the window, by turning the
eccentric knob H the bolt will powerfully bind the sashes.
Figure 38 is a plan view of an extra locking and binding fastener; all
the parts are the same as just described excepting the bolt, which it will
be observed has an eccentric slot. As now shown, it is bound and
5 locked, owing to the turned-up end of the bolt dropping back in an
arcular notch in the hook C, thereby taking hold of the knob D and
pushing it to the right it will lengthen out the bolt or the space for
allowing the bolt to be turned into the position as shown by the dotted
lines. By the form of the surface sliding by the spring S, the latter
either keeps it hasped or not. A reverse movement to that described
takes place in hasping the apparatus.
Figure 39 shows the end of the bolt, and Figure 40 the shape and the
manner in which the bolt arm passes over the turned-up portion of the
base plate A.
Figure 41 is a modification of the last fastener mentioned, in which
B is the bolt with its knob and outter end broken off; F is the extra
binder and locker screwed or pivoted on the bolt at G. The curved slot
of the binder F is eccentric to it centre G, by moving F by its know H
to the right the bolt would be lengthened, which bolt has a slot, as seen
dotted for its centre hole. This binder F might be at the bottom of the
bolt if desired.
The third part of our Invention will be understood by reference to
Figure 42, which is a plan view of a cylindrical case and spring bolt
action. A is the inner cylinder and base plate; A, the outter short
cylinder and base plate; I is a slanting discharger forming part of base
plate A¹

page_text: stem, and the bolt having a hole so as to go over the stem with the
screw and stud on either of them.
Figure 49 is a side view of a fastener and eccentric binder more par-
ticularly applicable to windows having their top sashes fixed. A is a
portion of the side of a saslı; B, the side bead of the window frame to
which is fitted the eccentric binder C; D is a steel or suitable material
spring catch screwed to the same bead. On the sash A is a plate as
indicated by the dotted screws and having a hole or notch. It will be
readily seen that when the window sash is down and in place the simple
turning up of the eccentric C by its handle will force the bottom end of
the spring catch D into the notch of the plate on on the sash, thereby
binding and securing the same. The notched plate on A might be
extended in length and have more than one hole or notch, or it may be
a rack form and capable of securing the window whether it be opened
or closed.
This fastener can be made self-acting or self-hasping by
making the spring to force itself towards the sash so as to drop into the
notched plate on A as the window comes down; with this latter arrange-
ment we slightly alter the bottom end of D in design, so as to rub
against A without chipping or scraping it; a knob is also applied.
Figure 50 shows a front view of the notched plate on A, but added to
it, for the self-acting arrangement, is a side projection a, so that when
the catch D is pulled out by its knob it would rest upon it. It will bo
understood that the catch D springs latterly as well as towards the
sash A for this purpose, and as the sash is closed this projection guides
the catch over the hole or notch. We apply other differently formed
guides and projections for the same purpose, and in some cases use a
tumbling joint. This eccentric binder C we apply to prevent the sashes
from rattling with some of our other fasteners; also we particularly
apply it to windows in general for the same purpose, substituting it for
the ordinary wedge. We also propose modifying it in shape, and to
reverse its action so as to bind when turned down. It could also have a
dog end, as seen dotted, so that if violently forced it would dig in or jam
the sashes, or it would catch in a rack as before mentioned. It can also
be used as a binder, and could have at its eccentric rim a spring or a
lining of rubber under the same. Another sort of rotatory wedge binder
will shortly be explained.
Figure 51 is a plain view of a locking catch applicable principally to

page_text: i
to form a catch at a; B is the bolt; and C, a spring dog or catch
riveted to the bolt. The knob stem is shown broken off.
Figure 52 shows a front elevation, in which A is the base plate, and a
The
the catch; it is again shown in the side view dotted off at A.
knob D is capable of sliding on its stem, and the catch C to project to 5
engage the fixed catch a; this by pressing down the knob D allows C to
escape the catch a, after which the bolt can be pushed back, when as
the bolt is pulled round will catch itself.
Figure 53 shows a front cievation of a catch applicable to the-old
fashioned fasteners in which B is the bolt, C the usual hook having a 1
catch on its under side, S being a spring riveted to the base plate.
Figure 54 is a plan view of the same, showing the bolt B, spring S, and
hook C. By pressing the bolt down it will escape the catch and allow
it to be opened; on hasping it the spring S will force the-bolt B up into
the catch. The dotted catch shows a modification in the way of having 1
a catch pivoted so that on opening the window a pressure upon its
outer end would release the bolt, and would catch it again in hasping.
Figure 55 is another catch arrangement applicable to the old bolt in
which B is the bolt, C the hook shown in section; on the under side of
this hook we form a narrow catch; S is a spring rivetted to the bolt as ?
scen in plan view at Figure 56. b, b, are projections on the bolt B
which rub against the edge of the hook C and act as the binder. The
projections could connect each other as a staple over the spring S; i is a
projection on the bolt acting as a guard to S; D is the knob loosely
fitting its stem; this when unhasping the window by merely pressing
the knob D pushes S.down out of the catch of hook C for giving free
movement to the bolt; it again catches it as it is pulled round for
hasping. This same movement slightly modified can be applied to any
side or other portion of the bolt.
Figure 57 shows some more catch movements at the base plate. By
pressing the knob K it pushes down the spring catch S; B is the bolt
shown dotted; C, the hook through which the stem of the knob K passes
to the catch S. The dotted lines here show that the catch S might be
rivetted to the other side of the base plate, also the knob stem fitted on C
is also dotted.

page_text: Figure 58 shows a plan of the top part of a hook C, to which a catch
is fitted to its under side so as to catch the bolt at its catch S; the dotted
lines indicate its position, and a small spring, also the operating handle
which might project through C or around the side, both ways are shown.
This same arrangement can be applied to the old fastener, with the claw
or dovetail hook fitted close down its base plate.
Figure 59 shows some arrangements for locking the bolt shown in
Figure 27. It will be observed that here two catches are shown, but
only one is applied to each fastener. G is a catch fitted to the block
of C, and on the end of the bolt B is a projecting stud engaging in a
slot or hole of G as it is fastened; also G has a handle, and to it is fitted
a small spring for keeping it in place. The other construction of catch
is fitted on the base plate A for engaging the bolt at its under part, in
which G is the catch and S the spring. This catch might have a handle
or knob applied on its left side if desired.
Figure 60 is a front elevation of a rotatory wedge binder for keeping
the sashes from rattling. A is a part of the sash side; B, the win-
d is
dow bead or frame; C, the rotatory wedge screwed to the sash A;
a projecting thumb or finger piece; the wedge as seen has slightly
entered between the window frame bead and its sash. Instead of this
button & a handle might be applied as seen dotted. The shape of C is
as it recedes from the point towards its centre it gets thicker, and the
farther it is turned the more it jams. This wedge might be fitted to a
plate and the plate screwed to a sash, also a stud, as dotted, could be
applied to keep it from falling back against B; the eccentric binder
could also be on a plate. We apply either of these binders to any
suitable part of the window; for instance, the eccentric binder and catch,
Figure 49, could be applied to the top of the inside sash rail to keep the
window (either of the sashes) closed or partly open.
Figure 61 is a screw binder, which screw C runs through a nut or
cyc A screwed to the bead B; on the end of screw C is a loose button,
and as the binder C is screwed up it is forced against the sash for keeping
it tight. We have a few modifications of these binders, such as bolts and
plates sliding and having slots in a diagonal direction, which when they
are pushed one way they jam the sashes, also a small wedge bolt on the
sash pushing between the frame bead and latter; some of these are made
self-acting by fitting a little projection on the sash for turning the
eccentric as it comes down. We also propose to let an eccentric into
B 2

page_text: the sash for the same purpose; also a spring catch or projection on the
sash coining against a suitable projection or stop on the head of the
frame for acting as a fastener and a binder.
Figure 62 is a modification of Figure 21; here instead of the bolt B
having a hole it has a hook, and on the outer base plate A is a staple C.
The hole D on B is for the knob; its action as to the catch and spring
movement is the same as before.
Figure 63 is a side view of the bolt hook staple C, and base plate A.
Having now described the whole of our Drawings, we will pass back
as far as Figure 21, giving a few modifications touching upon the same
description of fastener. In this Figure we propose fitting the spring S
in a recess in the hub or pivot hole of the bolt B, also applying it
spirally on the half-round guide rail E. Any ordinary movement
might modify the catch arrangement, and the discharger I can be
altered to suit. Instead of the guide E a bevelled guide on the base
plate, as shown dotted at Figure 28, could be applied. The inner hook E
of Figure 30 could be dispensed with, and the hole in the bolt made as
in Figure 28. The eccentric arm of Figure 37 could form a spring and
a little stud under it to catch in the bolt arm. The knob of Figure 42
might be of other shape so as to readily show if the window is hasped
or not, also the knob could be fitted to the bolt through the cylinder, the
latter having a suitable slot. The catch C of Figures 51 and 52 could be
applied under the bolt, also the catch O could be on the base plate, so
that the knob D might depress it, or the stem of D might be made to
move and depress it. The catch spring S, Figures 55 and 56, could be
fitted in a recess at the bottom of the bolt, or the knob itself might
move it. The staple shown in Figure 62 might act as the discharger,
with the catch applied as in Figure 42, also the staple could be carried
back even with the base plate edge.
In carrying out this Invention many of its parts could be made

page_text: GEORGE DOMINY. (L.S.)
JAMES RUSSELL.
(L.S.)