Improvements in Fasteners for Doors and the like, and in Means for Actuating the same.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 8th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 17th Jan., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fasteners for Doors and the like, and in Means
for Actuating the same.
[JOHN MARKS of 27 West Street Brighton in the County of Sussex Shop Fitter
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In a Specification accompanying application for Letters Patent dated 20th
March 1889 and numbered 4895 and in the drawing thereto attached I describe and show
certain improvements in catches or fastenings for doors and in handles for actuating
the same such fastenings being particularly applicable to swing doors for shops and
the like.
Now the object of my present invention is to provide a more simple and economical
form of door fastener than that described in my former Specification also a simple form
of handle for actuating the same and I likewise herein seek to adapt such fasteners
and handles for use in single or close shutting doors.
For double or swing doors I form a tube or cylinder of metal at the front
of which are flanges or blocks to receive the ends of screws for the purpose of
attachment to the front plate. The tube or cylinder contains the working parts
of the fastener and the bolt for engaging with the striking plate and to fit it to
the door requires only a hole of the proper size to be cut by brace or bit or other
means in the edge of the style and the front plate to be attached thereto.
At the top
and bottom of the tube and extending from the front towards the rear, I cut slots
to receive a pin attached to the top of the sliding bolt and the lower subsidiary or
small bolt which are free to slide therein the pin being for the purpose of keeping the
bolt in its proper position. Near to the rear of the tube or cylinder I make mortice
holes at each side through which works the spindle actuating the sliding bolt and
carrying the handles. At the extreme end of the tube or cylinder and depending
from the top (proper) thereof is a bevelled block against which the end of the sliding
bolt runs and is thereby depressed for the purpose hereafter described.
The end of the sliding bolt engaging with the striking plate is formed as described
in my former Specification having a lower or subsidiary catch thereon.
That part of the bolt extending to the rear is reduced in thickness and at the end is
cut away on the top surface at that part over which the spindle slides sufficient metal
heing left to form a bevelled block at the extremity which engages with a dovetail
cut in the spindle. The lower face of the sliding bolt is cut or bevelled upwards
so as to give play when depressed by coming in contact with the bevelled block on
the cylinder.
The spindle consists of a rectangular bar or rod having a dovetail therein which
engaging with the bevelled block on the end of the sliding bolt withdraws the same
so far as to release the subsidiary catch and allow the bolt proper to leave the housing
in the striking plate when the spindle is pushed either way by means of the handle
specially described hereafter or by means of an ordinary push knob. The sliding bolt
is kept up to its normal position by a spiral spring or other well known device.
For single or close shutting doors I prefer to form the tube or cylinder with the
front portion as before described but without the bevelled block at the rear the mortice
holes being at the extremity or nearly so. The bolt has no subsidiary catch but at the
top and bottom are pins free to slide in the slots before described as being in the front
of the cylinder and in this case forming a pivot on which the head of the bolt may
oscillate so as to allow the tail or spindle attached to it to move from side to side.
The tail of the bolt instead of being solid as in the case of that used for swing doors
is merely a pin or short rod the end of which engages with a slot or slots in the
spindle carrying the handle or handles. The spindle is ja rectangular bar as before

page_text: but having square cut slot or slots therein to allow the tail or pin attached to the
head of the bolt to pass the same when the handle is pushed or pulled thus permitting
the bolt to disengage from the striking plate. It will be seen that until the slot on
the spindle is in position the tail of the holt cannot pass it and so the door remains
fast, the tail of the bolt resting against the solid portion of the spindle when the door
is closed and the handle or handles are in normal position.
To actuate the spindles 1 may use ordinary knobs or cranks but I prefer, especially
for shop doors to use vertical handles with a rocking action similar to those described
in my former Specification or I may use a rocking handle formed as follows:-
I attach plates to the door corresponding to the top and bottom of the handle to
which I hinge the arms carrying the handle proper or grip part by a knuckle or other
suitable joint on a second plate carried by the said arms, and to the opposite part of
this second plate screw or attach the end or ends of the spindle or spindles so that
on the handle being pushed or pulled it is moved sufficiently to actuate my improved
fastener.
Dated thin 7th J
1 1000
POPPLEWELL & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fasteners for Doors and the like, and in Means
for Actuating the same.
I, JOHN MARKS of 27 West Street Brighton in the County of Sussex Shop Fitter
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
In tho Specification-attached to an application for Letters Patent-which-bave been
granted to me dated the 20th day of March 1889 and numbered 4895 I have described
certain improvements in latches or fasteners for doors and also mechanism for actuating
the same by means of the usual vertical handles the whole being specially applicable
to swing doors for shops or for other doors of a similar kind.
The object of this my present invention is to provide a more simple form of
fastener or catch than the one described in my former Specification which may be
actuated by similar mechanism and handles as therein described or by a more simple
form of handle to be hereinafter set forth or by the ordinary button handle and I also
seek to adapt the aforesaid fasteners and handles to single or close shutting doors.
In the drawings hereinafter referred to
Figure 1 shows a section of my catch or fastener arranged in its tube or cylinder
and ready for insertion in the hole bored for it in the style of a door.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the bolt C removed from the tube or cylinder.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the spindle E.
Figure 4 is a plan of the mechanism looking downwards, the casing being shown
in section.
The Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 refer to the device as applied to swing doors.
Figure is a view of a lift up or button latch which 1 prefer to use for the
purpose of actuating my improved catch or fastener where such can be suitably
applied.
Figure 6 is a section of an alternative device which is more particularly applicable
to close shutting or single doors and also shows the simple handle mechanism actuating
the spindle by which the bolt is released and permitted to slide back.
Figure 7 is an elevation of my improved handle mechanism.
Figure 8 is an elevation and Figure 9 a section of the handle described in my
former Specification by means of which the catch or fastener herein described may
be also actuated.

page_text: Figure 10 is a general perspective view of the catch in its modified forin.
In carrying out my invention for use in double or swing doors I form a tube or
cylinder such as A which may be attached to the front plate A¹ by screws or other-
wise. Within this tube works a bolt of peculiar shape C and having thereon a
subsidiary bolt C¹ as described in my former Specification and which may slide in a
slot cut in the bottom of the tube or cylinder A the upper front of the cylinder is
also slotted as at C and in this slot slides a pin (attached to the middle portion of
the bolt for the purpose of guiding the same. The bolt C is extended to the roar and
formed as shown more fully in Figure 2.
Near the rear of the cylinder I form mortice holes at each side and through these
works the spindle E which carries the screwed pins F which connect the spindle E
with the handles and said spindle E actuates the bolt C as follows :
The spindle E as shown more fully in Figure 3 consists of a rectangular bar or rod
having therein a dovetail E' capable of engaging with a tongue or bevelled projec
tion on the end of the sliding bolt so that on the spindle E being moved
transversely the bolt C is withdrawn so far as to release the subsidiary catch C from
its housing in the striking plate when the front or main tongue is free to leave the
striking plate in the usual manner.
At the extreme end of the tube or cylinder and depending from the top thereof I
form or attach a bevelled block P against which the end of the sliding bolt C runs
and is thereby depressed so as to disengage the bevelled projection from the
spindle E; the spring G then returns the bolt C to its normal position the bevelled
pins a lifting the bolt so as to engage the slot in the spindle E. I may insert a pin in
the spindle E working in a short transverse slot in the top of the tube or cylinder so
as to limit the traverse of the said spindle. The bolt is kept normally up by means of
a spring G or other device.
For single or close shutting doors I prefer to use a modification of my device as
shown in Figure 6 where the tube or cylinder A has no bevelled block at its extremity
but the spindle simply works through mortice holes as before but the bolt C has no
subsidiary catch but at the top and bottom are pins such as C free to slide in slots
cut in the cylinder longitudinally and forming a pivot so that the head of the bolt
may oscillate thereon and allow the tail H of the bolt to move slightly sideways. The
tail or extension H instead of being solid as before described and shown in Figures 1, 2
and 4 may be merely a pin or short rod the end of which is free to enter a slot or
mortice in the spindle E when allowed to do so by the action of the handles and
mechanism actuating said spindle. In this method the spindle E is a rectangular bar
as before but having a slot or mortice E³ cut therein to allow the tail or rod H
attached to the bolt head to pass into the same when the spindle is moved by the
action of the handle attached thereto, thus permitting the bolt head to disengage the
striking plate which it is unable to do when the spindle is in its normal position. Thus
when the spindle is at rest the tail of the bolt cannot pass it and the door remains
fast the end of the tail resting against the solid portion of the spindle until the
handle being moved the spindle moves into position and the slot or mortice D'
comes opposite the end of the tail H which is then free to enter it and the door
may be opened. Figure 10 shows the general form and action of this modification.
To actuate the spindles I prefer especially for shop or swing doors to use vertical
handles with a rocking action such as those described in my former Specification
No. 4895 of 1889 and as shown in Figures 8 and 9 or I may use a simple rocking
handle shown in Figures 6 and 7 wherein I attach plates such as J to the style
of the door and corresponding to the top and bottom of the handle; another
plate N is then screwed to the plate J the handle arms K being pivotted between
then as shown in Figure 6. The screwed pin F being then attached to the plate b
which is part of the handle arm K.
I may if desired use ordinary knobs or cranks such as shown in Figure 5 in.
which a bevelled piece O attached to the pin F is pulled in the direction of the
arrow c by means of another bevelled piece P engaging therewith when the handle d
is turned.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In fasteners for swing doors and the like the employment of a bolt such as
shown in Figure 2 actuated by a bar or spindle such as shown in Figure 3 both
contained in or by a barrel tube or cylinder such as A substantially as herein
described and illustrated by Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
2. In fasteners for single or close shutting doors and the like the employment,
of a bolt head such as C having a tail such as H restrained by means of a spindle
such as E slotted or mortised as at E and contained in or by a barrel tube or
cylinder substantially as herein described and illustrated by Figure 6 of the
accompanying drawings.
3. Actuating the spindles of fasteners such as herein before described by means
of handles fitted fixed or attached to the said spindles substantially as herein
described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings by Figures 6 and 7.
4. The combination of such fasteners as hereinbefore described with vertical
rocking handles such as described in Specification No. 4895 of 1889 and shown in
Figures 8 and 9 of the accompanying drawings.
5. The general arrangeinent and construction of catches and fasteners for doors
and the means for actuating the same substantially as hereinbefore described and
as illustrated by this accompanying drawings.
Dated this 24th day of November 1890.
POPPLEWELL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.