CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Marie Fiilier, of 39, Rue de l'Echiquier,
Paris, in the Empire of France, and of 4, South St., Finsbury,
London, Merchant, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 25th January 1856, and dated the 30th July 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Marie Fillier at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th July 1855.
I, JOSEPH MARIE FILLIER, of 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the Empire
of France, and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Merchant, do hereby
declare that the nature of my said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING "to be as follows, that is to say:-
The Invention consists in the arrangement of machinery employed in looms
for weaving, by which any width can be obtained for manufacturing linen, silk,
and woollen tissues, either plain or figured.
Figure 1, Drawing 1, represents a front view of the loom. A, B, wooden
cross pieces, supported by the uprights C, provided with mortices and bolts,
strengthened by brackets D, Figure VI., Drawing II.
In Figure 3, Drawing 1 is the handle of the batten, with mortices and bolts
to join the frame A to the bammer E. C, box to lodge the shuttle before and
after the stroke; D, comb; G, upright to support the batten; F, iron plates
to strengthen the batten on the upright G; H, tumbler, with bolts, serving to

page_text: render the motion of the batten regular; I, iron-screwed plates set into the
wooden pieces J, in order to cause the batten to ascend or descend at will;
K, iron blades. fixing permanently the handle A to the hammer E; these
blades are set at determined distances.
In Figure IV., Drawing II., A is a wooden cylinder; B, axis; C, pin. The
roller A has the form of a drum to prevent its warping.
In Figure 5 is a frame within the loom. B, B. B, are the supports of the
rollers; D, axis; E, E, cords attached to the hooks F; E, E, cords attached
to the hooks F', F, of the lower coats of the lames G and to the roller H;
I, crank arm, serving to raise and lower alternately the lame G; J, flyer or
upright, with socket fixed to the frame A. In Figure VI., E represents a
piece of material set on the loom; F, weight serving to keep it stretched;
G, iron piece, with a slide fixed to the upright C, and joined to the batten, the
course of which it directs forward or backward.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Marie Fillier in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
MARIE FILLIER, of 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the Empire of France,
and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Joseph Marie Fillier, Her special license that 1, the said Joseph Marie Fillier,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph
Marie Fillier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Joseph Marie Fillier, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and cause the saine
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that J, the said Joseph Marie Fillier, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereto annexed, and
to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
This Invention consists of an improved loom, which is capable of weaving
sail cloths or other tissues, such as silk, cotton, wool, plain or colored, from six
and a half to eight and two-thirds of a yard and upwards in width.
The looms at present employed in the manufacture of sail cloths are only
capable of producing them to a width of about two yards, reduced by the
sewing to about one yard and a half. By the new machine, all the sails of
merchant vessels and the smaller ones of ships of war can be made in single
pieces.
As sails of such sizes would not present sufficient resistance to the action of
the wind, bands of well-twisted thread are woven in the sail cloth during its
manufacture. These bands vary in size according to the width of the sail, and
are arranged vertically and horizontally, forming squares of seven or cleven
inches wide. The improved sail cloth is capable of resisting a force double
at least that of the ordinary kind. This loom can be worked by hand, water,
Figure 1 represents a front view of the lower portion of the loom. A, B,
cross pieces in wood, to which the uprights C are morticed. Each upright is
strengthened by brackets D, shewn in dotted lines.
Figure 2 is the lower part of the back of the loom. A, B, wooden cross
pieces, supported by the uprights C.
Figure 3: A, the handle; B, piece connecting the handle A to the hammer
or beater D; C, shuttle box; E, comb or reed; G, uprights of wood, carrying
the beater; F, iron plates, for binding the beater to the uprights; HT, bolted
iron standards, the purpose of which are to render the movement of the beater
smooth and regular; I, screw bolts, which enter the cross pieces L, supporting
the uprights of the beater, so as to raise and depress the latter at will; J, cross
piece at the bottom of the loom; K, iron blades, forming the comb or reed.
Figure 4, wooden cylinder. B, iron collar; C, iron axis.
Figure 5 is a side view of the loom. A, the beater; B, lower cross piece;
C, upright; D, brackets; F, weight for stretching the warp of the loom
G, slotted iron guide piece, fixed to the upright C, and upon the uprights of
the beater, so that in sliding upon the bolt, it (the guide piece) suspends the

page_text: movement of the beater. A, roller in front of the loom, the axis of which works
This roller is intended to receive the
placed behind the loom, supported by
in bearings fixed to the upright C.
canvass as it is woven. A, B, C, roller
the uprights, Figure 7.
In Figure 6, A is a wooden frame adapted to the interior of the loom;
B, brackets, in which work the axes D of the roller C; E, cords fixed to the
screws, adapted to the upper heddle or harness G; E, cords fixed at one
end to the lower heddle and to the cylinder II; I, crank, putting in motion
the cylinder H, by which it raises and lowers alternately the heddles; J, Ay
wheel for regulating the movement; K, uprights fixed to the cross piece A.
Figure 7 represents a back view. A, framework of the loom; B, lower cross
piece; C, centre cross piece, to which are fixed the uprights D, and on which
are mounted the rollers E. The purpose of these rollers is to receive each one
a tenth part of the threads of the chain which form the total width of the
canvass. The axis of each roller rests on cast car pieces fixed to the uprights D.
F, uprights, fixed to the upper and lower cross pieces by mortices and bolts.
Figure 8 is a front view of the loom. A, framework; B, lower cross piece;
C. centre cross piece, to which are fixed the iron standards D, supporting the
rollers E. These rollers, of which four are placed in front and three behind
the large roller A, (Figure 3,) are intended to prevent motion occurring to the
large roller from its great length, and also the deterioration of the fabric from
the pressure of the rollers E: to this end the latter are covered with a strong
felted tissue. The standards D fixed to the cross piece C can be raised or
depressed at will by means of the rack F; they can also by means of a bolt
be moved backward and forward on the cross frame C.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that what I claim is,
the arrangement and construction of looms by which sail cloths and other
fabrics or tissues can be woven a width of eight and two-thirds of a yard or
more, as hercin-before described, and referred to in the annexed Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Maric Fillier, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.