IMPROVEMENTS IN HATS, CAPS, HELMETS OR OTHER HEAD COVERINGS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, HERMANN WILLIAM, BREWTNALL, Manufacturer, of The Clough, Thelwall,
Cheshire do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
HATS, CAPS, HELMETS OR OTHER HEAD COVERINGS to be as follows:-
By this invention, which is more especially suitable for hot weather and tropical
climates, I form the hat, cap, helmet or other head covering of a base or framework
of wire, felt or other suitable material of such form that the forehead and back of
the head of the wearer do not come in contact with any part of the said framework.
The cavity thus left between the head and the hat, cap, helmet or other head
covering both at the front and the back allows of a free passage of air in at the
front and out at the back or vice versa, thus making a very cool and comfortable
head covering. Further, the framework, or shape, of the hat, cap, helmet or other
head covering to be so made that the external portion or covering can be readily
removed for washing or cleaning and replaced, being fixed by buttons, hooks or
other suitable attachment.

page_text: I, HERMANN WILLIAM BREWTNALL, of The Clough, Thelwall, Cheshire, Manu-
facturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN HATS,
CAPS, HELMETS OR OTHER HEAD COVERINGS and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
By this invention, which is more especially suited for hot weather and tropical
climates and whereby great coolness and comfort are secured, I form the cap of a
base or framework of wire, felt or other suitable material of such form that the
forehead and back of the head do not come in contact with any part of the frame,
or lower margin of the cap, helmet or other head covering, thereby securing free
ventilation.
Fig. 1. shows the position of the head inside the frame or lower margin of the
cap. Here the dotted lines of smaller radius than the solid lines at each end of the
straight sided oval represent the outline of the head. Thus it will be seen that
the frame, or shape, of the cap presses against the head at each side and projects
beyond the head at the ends. The space between the dotted lines and the solid
lines is the ventilation space, which allows of a free passage of air between the
front and back parts of the head & the front & back parts of the cap.
Further, the framework, or shape, of the cap is so made that the cover may be
readily removed for cleaning or washing & replaced, being fixed in position by
buttons, hooks, or other suitable attachment.
Fig. 2. shows a wire frame with the ends of the four side ribs and the two end
ribs turned upwards inside the shape and pointed so that the border of the covering
may be turned in and secured by being hooked on these spikes. In the case of the
end ribs the spike turned in is placed at the extremity of the peaks. The form of
cap here represented is only an example. Of course the shape or form is not
arbitrary.
Fig. 3. represents the cover for a cap of the shape represented in Fig. 2. It is
intended to be made of cotton or other cloth and stitched along the ribs as shown.
The extra piece or margin along the bottom is the turning in which is to be secured
by buttons attached inside as shown at and buttonhole in margin as shown at 1.
but a hook and eye may take the place of the buttonhole & button respectively or
the margin may simply be turned in and spiked on the ends of the ribs as already
mentioned..
Fig. 4. simply represents a felt or other suitable substance formed into the shape
of a helmet, the horizontal section at the base of which is shown in fig. 1.
The essential feature or point claimed by this patent is the making of a hat, cap,
helmet of other head covering the front or back or both front and back parts of
which does or do not come in contact with the head of the wearer.
Dated thin Dond drv. of 100
HERMANN WILLIAM BREWTNALL.