Im- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PACKING FOR STUFFING BOXES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Bristow Hunt, of Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PACKING FOR STUFFING BOXES, AND IN
APPARATUS THEREFOR." A communication from abroad by James
Glanding, David Hilton Wilson, and Lawrence Johnson, all of
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
-
Sealed the 15th July 1873, and dated the 16th May 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bristow Hunt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th May 1873.
I, BRISTOW HUNT, of Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PACKING FOR STUFFING BOXES,
AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR," (a communication to me from abroad by
James Glanding, David Hilton Wilson, and Lawrence Johnson, all of
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States), to be as follows:-
The improved packing is composed of fibrous strands, into which
melted paraffine or other equivalent lubricant, with or without any

page_text: suitable powdered substance is introduced during the plaiting or braiding
thereof together, so that the fibres may be thoroughly impregnated
therewith.
In the centre of an ordinary braiding or plaiting machine is placed a
tubular projection, the opening in the upper end of which is of the size
and shape of the required packing. Each strand (of say ten, for making
a packing of small size) extends from a bobbin of the braiding machine,
and they are all concentrated at the mouth of the tubular projection,
where they are braided or plaited by the movement of the bobbins into a
compact rope, which as it is formed is drawn downwards through the
projection by a take-up roller below.
Immediately above the point where the strands concentrate is placed
a hopper containing a supply of paraffino or stearine, or either of these
substances combined with plumbago, powdered soapstone, or other like
pulverized lubricant, the mass being maintained by heat in a fluid or
semi-fluid state, so that it will flow into the strands at the point where
they concentrate.
By introducing the heated lubricant to the strands at this point it is
necessarily forced or kneaded into the interstices of the fibres, and con-
sequently the braid or rope is more thoroughly impregnated therewith,
the heat of which promotes this impregnation, at the same time the
interlocked strands are laterally compressed and condensed by being
forcibly drawn through the projection, the opening in which may be
round, square, or what other shape it is desirable to impart to the
packing.
If a packing of larger size is required the lubricated rope thus made
may be used as a central core, around which additional strands may be
braided or plaited, a projection having a larger opening being substituted
for the onc first used. The central corc is drawn downwards with its
exterior packing, but previously passes through the hopper containing
the lubricant, which also falls into the strands of the packing, where
they are being interlocked together and around the central core.
Various substances may be used as a lubricant (but paraffine in a
crude state is preferred either with or without pulverized lubricants)
such as tallow or oil, with other ingredients, as an impregnating com-
position.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Bristow Hunt in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 14th November 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BRISTOW
HUNT, of Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Bristow Hunt, Her special
licence that I, the said Bristow Hunt, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Bristow Hunt, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF PACKING FOR STUFFING BOXES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR,"
(a communication to me from abroad by James Glanding, David Hilton
Wilson, and Lawrence Johnson, all of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
United States), upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Bristow Hunt, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Bristow Hunt, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement in writing, and on reference being had to the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings, that is to say :—
The improved packing is composed of fibrous strands, into or between
which melted paraffine or other equivalent lubricant, with or without
any suitable powdered substance, is introduced during the plaiting or

page_text: braiding thereof together, so that the nores may be thoroughly impreg
nated therewith.
Figure 1 on the accompanying Drawings illustrates the mode of
manufacturing the improved packing, which is as follows:-
In the centre of an ordinary plaiting or braiding machine is placed a
tubular projection A, the opening in the upper end of which is of the
size and shape of the required packing. D represents twisted strands
of hemp, jute, or other suitable fibre, and of which there may be
employed say ten for making a packing of small size. Each strands
extends from a bobbin of the braiding machine, and they are all con-
centrated at the mouth of the projection A, where they are braided or
plaited by the movement of the bobbins into a compact rope, which as
it is formed, is drawn downwards through the projection A by a take-up
roller below.
Immediately above the point where the strands concentrate is placed
a hopper G containing a supply of paraffine or stearine, or cither of
these substances, combined with plumbago, powdered soapstone, or
other like pulverized lubricant, the mass being maintained by heat in a
fluid or semi-fluid state, so that it will flow into the strands at the point
where they concentrate.
By introducing the heated lubricant at this point, it is necessarily
kneaded or forced into the interstices of the fibres, and consequently the
braid or rope is more thoroughly impregnated therewith, the heat
promoting this impregnation. At the same time the interlocked strands
are laterally compressed and condensed by being forcibly drawn through
the projection A, the opening in which may be round, square, or what-
ever other shape it is required to give the packing.
If a packing of larger size is required, the lubricated rope B thus
made may be used as a central core, around which additional strands D'
may be braided or plaited as represented in Figure 2 of the accom-
panying Drawings, a projection A¹ having a larger opening being sub-
stituted for the projection A. The central core B is drawn downwards
with its exterior covering or packing B¹; but previously to receiving
such covering, it passes through the hopper G containing the lubricant,
which also falls into the strands D¹ of the packing B' as they are being
interlocked together, and around the central core B.

page_text: Various substances may be used as a lubricant, such as tallow, or oil,
with other ingredients, but paraffine in a crude state is preferred either
without or in combination with pulverized lubricants.
$8
Having now described the nature and object of the said Invention for
Improvements in the Manufacture of Packing for Stuffing Boxes, and
in Apparatus therefor," together with the manner in which the same is
to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, I would
remark in conclusion that I claim as the Invention communicated to me
by the said James Glanding, David Hilton Wilson, and Lawrence
Johnson,-
Firstly. The mode or process herein described of manufacturing
packing, consisting of braiding or plaiting together a series of fibrous
strands, and introducing a heated lubricant at the point where the said
strands concentrate, and are interwoven or interlocked, as set forth.
Secondly. Shaping and condensing the said packing by drawing it
through a tube of the shape required immediately beneath the point
where the said lubricated fibrous strands are interlocked.
And, thirdly. A packing of plaited or braided fibrous strands with
which a lubricant has been incorporated, in the manner described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Bristow Hunt, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.