IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES AND GUN WADS, FOR FACILITATING THE LOADING AND LUBRICATING OF FIRE-ARMS.
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John James Lundy, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, and of Leith, North Britain, Colour and Varnish
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES AND
GUN WADS, FOR FACILITATING THE LOADING AND LUBRICATING OF FIRE-ARMS.
Sealed the 22nd November 1859, and dated the 31st May 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John James Lundy at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st
May 1859.
I, JOHN JAMES LUNDY, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, and of Leith, North Britain, Colour & Varnish Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CART-
RIDGES AND GUN WADS, FOR FACILITATING THE LOADING AND LUBRICATING OF FIRE-
ARMS," to be as follows:-
I use French chalk, talk, tale, steatite soapstone, potstone, lapis ollaris,
prismatic talk, or glimmer, as also plumbago, graphite, black lead, carburet of
iron, Devonshire ore or lead ore. They may be used upon or with any cart-
ridges, either alone or mixed, in a dry or powdered state, rubbed on by hand

page_text: by brushes, or rounced in a bag like oranges and stone-washing blue, or applied
in a similar manner by machinery having a horizontal or perpendicular centri-
fugal motion of hand or machinery, sieves, boxes, or other similar appliances
used in sifting or rouncing known to and used by colour manufacturers, drug-
grinders, mustard-makers, and other trades. Either or any of the above
substances may be applied alone, or a combination of any of them in a dry
state in powder or otherwise, or when the cartridge is damp or dry, or may be
used in a damp state when the cartridge is damp or dry, or the cartridge may
be dipped into a liquid or semi-liquid composed of either or any of the said
substances, or any combination of them with water, spirit of wine, methylated
spirits of wine, coal tar naptha, pyroligneous naptha, any kind of drying or
non-drying oil or grease mixed or not mixed with shellac, gutta percha, india-
rubber, gum, resin, or gum resinous substance, and after being dipped in any
of the above substances in a liquid or semi-liquid state, may or may not be
rounced or treated, as before stated, with either or both, or a combination of
the before-mentioned substances of the classes of soapstones and black leads
in a state of powder. Or the paper or other substance of which the cartridge
may be made, may be varnished with a varnish or other solution of shellac,
gutta percha, india-rubber, or other gum or other gum resinous substance, and
then dusted with either black lead or soapstone before or after it is dry,
and then rounced after the cartridge is made. The same substance or
substances in one or other of their several combinations would be advan-
tageously used in the manufacture of gun wads, whereby the necessity for using
grense or oil in gun wads would be unnecessary, or being combined with grease
or oil, they will be better than grease or oil alone. The cartridges and gun wads
may or may not be kept with a little of the powdered substance or substances,
loose in the packages containing them, or in the cartouche box to ensure
sufficient lubrication in the manner that magnesia or any other substance is
put in a box of pills to prevent them adhering to one another.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John James Lundy in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th November 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
JAMES LUNDY, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, and of
Leith, North Britain, Colour and Varnish Manufacturer, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John James Lundy, Her special licence that I, the said John James
Lundy, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said John James Lundy, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CARTRIDGES AND GUN WADS, FOR FACILITATING THE LOADING AND LUBRI-
CATING OF FIRE-ARMS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
John James Lundy, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John James Lundy, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
The present modes of lubricating fire-arms by greasing cartridges and gun
wads having been found objectionable, by causing them to foul rapidly, I use,
that class of substances known in commerce as French chalk, talk, tale,
steatites or soapstones, and also of that class of substances called black leads,
whether known as black lead, graphite, .carburet of iron, plumbago, or:
micaceous iron ore, sometimes called Devonshire ore, or Devonshire shining:
lead ore, which may be used upon or with any cartridges, either alone or mixed.
in a dry or powdered state, the cartridge being simply dipped into the:
substance, or the substance rubbed or dusted on to the cartridge by hand
brushes, or rounced in bags like oranges or stone-washing blues, or:
applied in a similar way by machinery, having a horizontal, perpendicular, or
centrifugal motion, by hand or machinery, sieves, boxes, or other similar
appliances used in sifting or rouncing, known to and used by colour manu-
facturers, drug-grinders, mustard-makers, or others. Either or any of the
above substances may be applied alone, or a combination of any of them in a
dry state in powder, or otherwise, or when the cartridge is damp or dry, or

page_text: may be used in a damp state, when the cartridge is either damp or dry; or
the cartridge may be dipped in a liquid or semi-liquid, composed of either or
any of the said substances, or any combination of them with water, spirits of
wine, methylated spirits of wine, coal tar naptha, pyroligneous naptha,
turpentine, or any other spirit or quickly evaporating substance, or any kind of
drying or non-drying oil or grease, or a combination of any spirit, oil, or grease,
mixed or not mixed with shellac, gutta percha, india-rubber, wax, gum, resin,
or gum resinous substance, and after being dipped in any of the above
substances or preparations in a liquid or semi-liquid state, may be or may not
be rounced or treated as before described, with either or both, or a combination
of the before-mentioned substances of the classes of soapstones and black leads
in a state of powder, as before described. Or the paper or other substances
of which the cartridge may be made, may be varnished previously with a
varnish or other solution of shellac, gutta percha, india rubber, wax, gum, resin,
or gum resinous substance, and then dusted with either black lead, or soap-
stone, before or after it is dry, and then rounced with the powder after the
cartridge is made.
The same substance or substances, or one or other of them, or their several
combinations would be advantageously used in the manufacture of gun wads,
whereby the necessity of using grease or oil would be unnecessary, or being
combined with a smaller quantity of grease or oil would be better than with
grease or oil alone.
Whether with or without any of the before-mentioned processes, if the
cartridges or gun wads be kept with a little of either of the powdered substance
or substances loose in the package containing them, or in the cartouche box,
in the manner that magnesia or any other substance is put into a box of pills
to prevent their adhering together, it would ensure sufficient lubrication, and
be found to answer the purpose required; in which case, from its greater
cleanliness, I should prefer to use the powdered French chalk, talk, talc,
steatite or soapstone alone.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be dis-
tinctly understood, that I do not confine myself to the precise compounds
herein set forth, as such may be varied or modified without departing from
the principle thereof; but I claim as my Invention, and which to the best of
my knowledge and belief has not been hitherto used within the realm, the
use of that class of substances known in commerce as French chalk, talk,
talc, steatites or soapstones, and also of that class of substances called black

page_text: leads, whether known as black lead, graphite, carburet of iron, plumbago, or
micaceous iron ore, sometimes called Devonshire ore, or Devonshire shining
lead ore, applied to cartridges and gun wads, in the manner herein-before
described, for facilitating the loading and lubricating of fire-arms.
In witness whereof, I, the said John James Lundy, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
JOHN JAMES LUNDY. (L.S.)
Witness to the signature of the said John
James Lundy,
GEORGE COCKBURN JOHNSTON,
Clerk to the said John James Lundy,
9, St. James' Place, Edinburgh.