Year: 1887

page_text: 1, HERBERT JOHN ALLISON, of the firm of Allison Brothers, of 52 Chancery
Lane, London, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agents, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, which has been communicated to me from abroad by James
Bowyer D'Arcy Boulton, of Jersey City, county of Hudson, and State of New
Jersey, United States of America, Engineer, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of my present invention is to form an ingot bar which may be readily
divided into separate ingots, by reason of a cold-shut extending around the periphery
of the bar at intervals, and my invention consists in first casting one portion of the
bar, and, while that portion is partially chilled or hardened in its outer parts, casting
another portion upon the first to effect a union therowith, while the central part of
such first portion is in a fluid condition, with the outer parts thereof partially
hardened.
1 have shown herein an apparatus similar to that shown in the previous patent
application No. 9471, filed July 5th 1887; but it will be evident froin a description
of the present invention that it may be practiced with other apparatus, and I do not
therefore limit myself exclusively to that shown herein.
.
In the drawing Fig. 1 is an edge view of the apparatus, and Fig. 2 a section of
the same on line x, x, in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a view of the top of the apparatus, and
Fig. 4 a view of its lower end.
The apparatus is shown mounted upon two cross bars ✗, the ends of which are
shown sustained upon walls W between which a portion of the apparatus hangs, such
bars X are secured by rivets t' to cylinders I and to one of two channel beams A, A'.
The two channel beams form a spring holder, the two beams being pressed toward
one another by springs B, and separate mold sections B³, B*, B, B*, are provided to
fit between the flanges C upon the channel beams, and to be moved downward in
such spring holder during the performance of the process.
b is a mold section adjusted within the holder with its mouth just below the top of
the latter ready for filling; 6' is a section immediately beneath the same and

page_text: already filled with fluid metal, and 6 is another filled section beneath the one last
filled.
The lower ends of the beams A, A', are secured to a cylinder f³, which operates
the mechanism for separating the ingot into sections; but above such point the
beam A¹ is slightly movable toward the beam A so as to yield under the pressure of
the springs B and to sustain the weight of the molds by friction. The springs
operate upon gibs m clamped upon opposite sides of the beams by bolts m².
Pistons,, are shown within the cylinders carrying movable portions e, the two
portions forming a pocket, to receive the lower mold section 6 when forced entirely
from the bottom of the holder, and to shift the ingot sidewise to fracture the metal
therein from that in the section sustained by the guide.
A spring presser el is located in the side of the pocket and operates by its friction
to stand the weight of the mold section held therein, when the lower mold section
and its contained ingot are moved laterally by the pocket e. The strain thrown upon
the mold section 62 is sustained by abutments which are formed as two keys A³
and A³ inserted through an aperture in the upper side of the cylinder ƒ adjacent to
the ends of the beams A, A'.
The pressure of the beams A, A¹, serves to support the weight of the mold sections
within the holder; and in order to move tho mold sections downward after each is
filled with a separate charge of fluid metal, a pusher is provided and actuated
by hydraulic piston rods i.
The pusher embraces the holder loosely and is provided with pawls 9, which
engage the mold sections by pressing into notches k formed in their opposite sides,
and an empty mold section is sustained above the top of the holder at a sufficient
distance to admit the fluid metal to the section b. The operation of the apparatus is
as follows:
The mold section in the top of the holder is filled with fluid metal and a suitable
packing as a washer c is laid upon the top end of the section.
The empty mold section 6* is placed upon such packing.
The carrier and pawls are now raised to the top of their stroke thus releasing the
arms from contact with the notches; and the pawls engage with the notches of
the superposed section so that upon the downward stroke the pusher and pawl
will press such mold section downward until its top is slightly below the top of the
holder, and at the same time forcing all the sections below it downward a similar
distance.
The empty section then occupies the place of the previously filled sections and may
be immediately filled with the fluid metal before any material diminution of
temperature occurs in the metal of the section previously filled.
The metal in the two sections thus becomes firmly united, while the metal last
poured serves to feed the shrinkage within the section first filled, and the solidity of
the separate ingots is thereby effectually secured.
While the empty section is being filled the lower section b³ may be shifted laterally
by the pistons ff, and the separation of the bar effected between the ends of the
adjacent sections 63 and 63.
The operation of filling the mold sections with separate charges of fluid metal may
be continued indefinitely to produce an ingot bar having at intervals a cold-shut
adapted to weaken the bar and permit its separation into distinct ingots.
It will be understood that the surface of the metal is certain to chill in some
degree where in contact at its edges with the surrounding mold between the pouring
of the successive charges, and the bar would thus exhibit a defect in continuity at
the joint of the separate charges, and would not be adapted to roll or hammer into
a perfect piece of wrought steel.
It would be however, peculiarly adapted to break up into distinct ingots each of
which would be sound throughout owing to the effectual feeding of the shrinkage by
the process of casting employed.
I am aware that it is common to put a feeding head or ingate upon a mold to
form a sound casting by feeding the shrinkage with fresh metal; but such process

page_text: differs from this process in producing a solid homogeneous casting not divided by
cold-shuts, as the ingates heretofore employed have not been a part of the mold, but
furnished only a small channel leading therein so that the surface of the metal in the
mold was wholly protected from the atmosphere, and was not liable to chill or harden
at the true surface of the casting between the separate applications of fluid metal to
the ingate.
This process is for making a bar separable in its distinct portions by the express
formation of cold-shut at separate intervals; the cold-shut being formed by the
partial chilling and hardening in its outer parts of the metal that is first poured
before the second portion is cast upon the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
The method of forming an ingot bar in distinct separable sections, which consists
in casting one portion of the bar, and while that portion is partially chilled or
hardened in its outer parts, casting another portion thereon, as and for the purpose
set forth.