Improvements in Apparatus employed in the Manufacture of Paving Bricks or Tiles.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus employed in the Manufacture of
Paving Bricks or Tiles.
We, ALFRED SUART, Merchant, and GEORGE WASHINGTON ROBERTSON,
Engineer, both of 21, St. Mary Axe, in the City of London, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates to apparatus employed in the manufacture of that class
of paving bricks or tiles in which it is desirable or necessary to keep the brick or
tile under pressure during the setting of the materials forming the same in order
to prevent the expansion or undue expansion of the same when discharged from
the mould or die."
For this purpose we construct a mould or die with a removable bottom, a
follower or press plate and swivelling retaining pawls at the upper part of the
die or mould box.
The bottom of the die or mould box has flanges projecting inwards to a short
distance from the sides and ends to form a support for the removable bottom
plate, and the swivelling retaining pawls are mounted on pins or axles and are
formed with a flat internal face which in one position is in a line with the interior
face of the mould or die to permit of the free motion of the follower or press plate
but which can be placed in an inclined position so that their lower edges project
inwards to retain the follower or press plate in position over the pressed brick
or tile. Then when the pressure has been maintained a sufficient time the said
retaining pawls are turned on their axles to liberate the follower or press plate.
We also according to our invention, form below the bottom of the die or mould
box a projecting part consisting of sides and ends with an open bottom, such pro-
jecting part is of form and size to fit easily within the upper part of a die or
mould box and to serve as a press to the follower or press plate of a lower die
or mould.
By these means two or more dies or moulds can be used together so as to press
two or more bricks or tiles by one action of the press.
The dies or moulds are used in the following manner.
The removable bottom
is placed within a die or mould box the material to form the brick or tile is then
placed above such bottom and the follower or press plate is then placed above
such material after which pressure is applied to such follower or press plate either
by the plunger of a press acting directly thereon or through the bottom projecting
part of another die or mould.
When sufficient pressure has been exerted the retaining pawls are turned on
their axles into position to retain the followers or press plates and consequently
the bricks or tiles in their pressed position sufficiently long to ensure the setting
of the material after which the brick or tile is discharged from the die or mould
by the plunger of a press acting upon the removable bottom of the die or mould.
For facility of operation the moulds or dies when removed from the press are
placed upon a slide or way along which they are pushed from time to time by a

page_text: press, then when they have arrived at the end of such slide or way they are placed
in a press and the bricks or tiles removed therefrom as above.
In order to avoid fracture of the moulds or dies when pressing the bricks or
tiles out therefrom which will sometimes occur if the retaining pawls or either
of them is not properly liberated from the press plate, we employ means to couple
together the pawls so that they shall be simultaneously operated and so that in
placing the moulds or dies in position a fixed projection on the press table will
act upon a lever acting upon said retaining pawls to ensure the withdrawal of the
latter from the press plate in 'the act of placing the mould or die in position to
remove, the brick or tile therefrom.
1
i
HARRIS & MILLS,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in Apparatus employed in the Manufacture of
Paving Bricks or. Tiles.
I
We, ALFRED SVART, Merchant, and GEORGE WASHINGTON ROBERTSON,
Engineer, both of 21, St. Mary Axe, in the City of London, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and, ascertained in and by the following statement:
1
This invention relates to apparatus employed in the manufacture of that class
of paving bricks or tiles in which it is desirable or necessary to keep the brick or
tile under pressure during the setting of the materials forming the same in order
to prevent the expansion or undue expansion of the same when discharged from
the mould or die.
We will describe our invention by the aid of the accompanying drawings in
which Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section, Fig. 2 a vertical cross section and
Fig. 3 a plan of moulds or dies constructed according to our invention and Fig. 4
is a side elevation and Fig. 5 a plan of a mould or die showing a slight modi-
fication.
Fig. 1 represents the dies or moulds and co-operating parts in the position they
would assume when the contents have been fully pressed and Fig. 2 represents
the same in position before any pressure has been applied and taking no account
of the weight of the parts.
In all the figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reférence.
According to our invention we construct a die or mould box a with a removable
bottom b, a follower or press plate c.and swivelling retaining pawls d at the upper
part of the die or mould box a.
The bottom of the die or mould box a has flanges a¹ projecting inwards to a
short distance from the sides and ends to form a support for the removable bottom
plate, and the swivelling retaining pawls d are mounted and fixed on pins or
axles and are formed with a flat internal face which in one position is in a line
with the interior face of the dic or mould box à to permit of the free motion of
the follower or press plate e but which can be placed in an inclined position as
shown at Figures 1 and 4 so that their edges project inwards sufficiently to retain
the follower or press plate c in position over the pressed brick or tile.
Then when the pressure has been maintained a sufficient time the said retaining
pawls are turned on their axes of motion to liberate the follower or press plate c.
This can be done by the blow of a hammer on the upper edges of the retaining
pawls.

page_text: We also according to our invention form below the bottom of some of the
moulds or die boxes a a projecting part 2 consisting of sides and ends with an
open bottom, such projecting part is of form and size to fit easily within the
upper part of a die or mould box a and to serve as a press to the follower or press
plate c of a lower die or mould.
When using two or more dies or mould boxes the bottom one will be without
the projecting part a².
By these means two or more dies or mould boxes a can be used together so as
to press two or more bricks or tiles by one action of the press.
The dies. or mould boxes represented at. Figures 1, 2, 3 have a lever &² fixed on
each pawl axle d¹ to facilitate the release of the pawls d from the followers or
press plates c.
The removable bottom b
The dies or moulds are used in the following manner.
is placed in position within a die or mould box a and resting on the supporting
flanges a¹, the material to form the brick or tile is then placed above such
bottom and the follower or press plate c is then placed above such material. If
two or more dies or moulds are used at a time the projecting part a² of an upper
die or mould is placed on the follower or press plate c of a lower one and such
upper die or mould box is filled with material and a follower or press plate e
placed on the top thereof. Pressure is then applied to such follower or press
plate c or to the uppermost of them by the plunger of a press acting directly
thereon whilst when more than one die or mould box is used at a time pressure
will be transmitted to each lower press plate or follower by the projecting part a²
of an upper die or mould box.
When sufficient pressure has been exerted the retaining pawls dare turned on
their axes into position to retain the followers or press plates c and consequently.
the bricks or tiles in their pressed position sufficiently long to ensure the setting
of the material, after which the brick or tile is discharged from the die or mould
by the plunger of a press acting upon the removable bottom 6 of the die or mould.
For facility of operation the moulds or dies when removed from the compressing
press are placed upon a slide or way along which they are pushed from time to
time by a press, then when they have arrived at the end of such slide or way they
are placed upside down in another press and the bricks or tiles removed therefrom
as above.
In order to avoid fracture of the dies or mould boxes when pressing the bricks
out therefrom which will sometimes occur if the retaining pawls or either of them
is not properly liberated from the press plate, we, as before stated provide each
pawl axle with a lever as shown at Figures 1, 2, 3 and we employ a fixed
projection on each side of the press table so that when the die or mould box a
is being placed in reversed position on the press table such projections will act
on the levers and thereby ensure the withdrawal of the retaining pawls & from
the press plate or as represented at Figures 4 and 5 only one of the pawl axles d'
may be provided with a lever and each pawl axle on the same side of the die
or mould be further provided with a short lever such levers d³ being connected
together by a link d, thus by coupling the retaining pawls together their
simultaneous action is secured.
.
Further when reversing the die or mould and placing it upside down on a
table the levers will naturally strike the table and thereby liberate the pawls
from the press plate.
For facility of working the die or mould box is made of such a size that when
filled with material it shall contain sufficient for the formation of a brick or tile
when fully pressed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. In apparatus employed in the manufacture of paving bricks or tiles the

page_text: arrangement of dies or mould boxes and accessory parts, substantially as herein
set forth and for the purpose stated.
2. In apparatus employed in the manufacture of paving bricks or tiles, a die
or mould box with open top and bottom, and an inwardly projecting flange around
the bottom thereof, a loose bottom, and a loose follower or press plate freely fitting
the die or mould box, and a pair of retaining pawls to act in connection with the
follower or press plate, substantially as herein set forth and for the purpose stated.
3. In apparatus employed in the manufacture of paving bricks or tiles, a die or
mould, fitted with a removable bottom, a loose follower or press plate, a pair of
retaining pawls, and means for acting on the retaining pawls and for securing
their simultaneous operation substantially as herein set forth and for the purpose
stated.
Dated Octalian 27th 1907
HARRIS & MILLS,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.