Year: 1899

page_text: Reprinted as amended in accordance with the decision of the Chief Examiner
dated the 23rd day of June 1906.
I, RICHARD WEINMAR of Offenburg in the Empire of Germany, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:
My invention relates to improvements in telephone systems, and in particular to
systems in which
employed a register device for registering the number of
messages sent over the subscriber's circuit to which said register device relates.
The object of my invention is to provide a system in which a record is
automatically produced showing the number of times a subscriber's telephone
line is used.
My invention broadly considered consists in the combination with a telephone
systein of an electrically operated register device for each subscriber's line, a circuit
in which said register device is included, and means operated by the switch-board
mechanism,employed in making the connection between said subscriber's line
and the central station of other stations for closing the circuit of the register.
device.
Among the many advantages of my invention are the following
The register device and its circuit may be introduced into telephone systems
already in operation, as well as into new systems, with a minimum cost, and, in
systems of the former class without interfering with the regular operation of the
lines. Moreover, no separate or special circuit closing apparatus is needed in the
switch-board for use in the register circuit.
A system of circuits as an example embodying a central station, a plurality of
sub-stations, two for instance, a register device for each sub-station, and circuits for
the register devices, will now be described.
As above stated in this arrangement two sub-stations are employed which are
In each of these conductors are
connected to the central station by conductors.
included three jacks as well as calling annunciators.
For making connections between the sub-stations, plug-connector pairs are
employed, while for calling the sub-stations switches as well as the circuit changers
are provided, the circuit changers serving to cut in and out the central station
telephone, and the respective clearing out annunciators. A battery or other source
of electricity is also supplied for the purpose of calling the subscribers.
Referring now to the means for registering the number of times a subscriber's

page_text: line is in use, there is a battery for the registers, having its negative pole connected
to the registers by means of a conductor and branches and which extend to the
sockets of the jacks and include the coils of the corresponding registers which may
be of any suitable and well known constructions.
The positive pole of the battery is connected through the connections and the
branches of the latter with the corresponding points or contact pieces of the
levers of the circuit changers, in this case with the left-hand series of such
points.
The fulcruins of the levers are connected by conductors with the contact rings
or shells of the answer-plugs, which contact rings or shells it is to be noted fit.
snugly into the sockets of the jacks, so that upon the insertion of a plug the
register of the register battery is closed.
For the purpose of testing the talking circuits the right hand points or contact-
pieces of the levers of the circuit changers are connected by the conductor and its
branches with the positive pole of the register battery through a condenser. It is
to be understood, of course, that the said condenser serves to prevent the direct
electrical communication through said conductors. Furthermore the said
conductor is in electrical communication through conductors with shells or rings
on the plugs of the calling plug-connectors which serve for making connections
between two subscribers' lines. These plugs when inserted also make electrical
connections with the sockets of the jacks thereby closing the register battery
circuit at the jacks, although said circuit is not completo owing to the fact that the
condenser is included in it.
The negative pole of the battery is connected by means of a conductor which
includes a resistance to the grounded pole of the central station telephone. It is
to be understood that the shells or rings on the plugs of the plug-connectors at
which terminate the conductors are insulated from the points of said plugs.
The production of connections between two sub-stations and the necessary testing
of the desired conductors, follows in general in the same manner as in other exchange
systems, and may, therefore, be assumed to be known, the principal thing to be
considered in the above-mentioned arrangement, consisting in the fact that the
answering of a sub-station cannot be made indiscriminately with either of the two
plugs of a pair of plug connectors, as in other systems, but must always be done with
one of the answer plugs.
In describing the operation of the register-device, it will be assumed that the
sub-station desires to communicate with the other sub-station, and that therefore
the register belonging to the first-mentioned sub-station must register one
conversation or use of the line chargeable against said sub-station, in case the
connection with the second sub-station is made. For the purpose of doing this, a
pair of plug-connectors are employed. Before taking the plug away from its seat, the
central station telephone is connected to the conductors by moving the levers of
circuit-changer to the right so that by the insertion of the plug in the socket of the
jack, the register is connected over conductors and by means of the socket of the jack
the contact ring or shell of the plug and conductor with the conductor through the
lever of the circuit changer, and, furthermore, is also connected with the positive
pole of the battery, in open circuit, through the condenser. The latter, however, does
not allow any current to flow over the circuit just described, so that, therefore, the
register, does not operate. The connection with the positive pole of the battery is
only for the purpose of rendering possible the testing of the conductor.
After the central station operator has learned from the subscriber at the first
sub-station, that the latter desires to converse with the subscriber at the second
sub-station, the plug, after the previously described test has been made, is inserted
in a socket of the jack, the second station called by pressing a switch, and then, by
moving the circuit-changer to the left, the clearing out annunciator is switched
onto the conductor, and the central station telephone thereby cut out. Upon the
shifting of the circuit-changer to the left, as above mentioned, its lever becomes
included in circuit with conductor of the plug connector instead of with conductor

page_text: of the circuit-changer as before, whereby the circuit of the register battery is closed
and the register operated to register one use of the line to the first station.
The course of the current of the register circuit is as follows
From the negative pole of the battery, through conductors over the coils of the
register, to the socket of the plugged jack, from there through the contact ring or
shell of the plug, along the conductor to the lever of the circuit-changer over said
lever to its left-hand point and along conductors to the positive pole of the battery.
By this closure of the circuit the current from the register battery continues to
flow during the entire period that the line to the first sub-station is in use, so
that by a suitable construction of the register apparatus, not only the number of
conversations chargeable to sub-station, but also the duration of each may be
recorded.
The above described register-system assumes either that the central station
telephone is connected, when not in use with the conductors of the plug-connector
conductors, or that said telephone is switched onto said conductors before taking a
calling plug into use, by the switching off of the clearing out annunciator. If this
assumption is incorrect, then either there must be another circuit-closing apparatus,
besides the lever included in the register circuit, by means of which an antecedent
closing of the register circuit takes place, or the lever must be so connected with
the switches of the calling-plug that it will close the register circuit upon the
operation of the said switch. The register circuits are provided respectively with
the above mentioned apparatus. In both cases there is a register magnet, together
with its armature, the latter being so arranged that, upon being attracted by its
magnet, it will turn a wheel forward one tooth, and release a second wheel (which
represents the escapement wheel of a clock-work) during the time that said armature
is attracted, so that not only will the conversation be counted but also the duration
of the same will be recorded. A jack of the conductor has a corresponding answer
plug inserted, the calling-plug being still upon its seat, out of operation, while the
circuit-changer is turned 180°, wherefore the clearing out annunciator, as
well as the central station telephone are arranged at the upper part of the
figures.
The additional circuit-closing device is so arranged at the seat of the plug, and
in the conductor of the plug connector between the right-hand contact piece or
point of the lever of the circuit-changer and the positive pole of the register-
battery, that this additional circuit-closing device will be open during the time
when the said calling plug rests in its seat, and closed when the said plug is lifted
from said seat.
Furthermore, so long as the calling plug is not in use, and not lifted from its
seat, closure of the circuit between the conductors does not produce an
operation of the register.
In order to call the first sub-station connected with the central station con-
ductor, it is necessary to switch the central station telephone onto the conductors
of the pair of plug-connectors in use, from which it results, that the circuit-
changer must be maintained in its position to the left. from immediately after the
answer-plug is inserted in its jack up to the time when the calling plug is inserted
in its corresponding jack, in which position of the circuit-changer, its lever con-
nects the lever conductors with the conductors of the circuit-changers whereby no
operation of the registers takes place. The latter can only occur after the circuit
changer has been shifted to its right-hand position, whereby the lever connects the
lever conductors with the conductor of the circuit changers and the current of the
register battery takes the following course: From the negative pole of the battery,
over. the conductors, through the register to the socket of the jack, and from there
to the contact ring of the plug through the same and through lever conductors,
lever, conductors of the circuit-changers, and circuit-closing device, to the positive
pole of the battery.
In the central station, where the calling of the desired sub-station is done by the
operator, the lever also may be connected to a switch of the calling plugs.
"
.C

page_text: "
Under the switch, a lever is so arranged that, by means of a block of insulating
material arranged between the two, the downward movement of the said switch
must cause the movement of the lever. In the normal position, the lever contacts
with a point or contact piece which is in connection with the conductor of the
circuit-changer, while when moved downward it contacts with a point or contact-
piece connected to the conductor of the plug connector. After the production of
a connection between two sub-stations and for the purpose of calling the desired
sub-station, the switch is pressed down, whereby the lever contacts with the con-
tact-piece of the last named conductor, and the battery is in a closed circuit with
the register, whereupon the current of the register circuit travels exactly as
described with relation to the first arrangement hereinbefore described. As the
lever, upon the release of the switch, again rises, and thereby opens the register
circuit again, it is not possible, with this arrangement of systems to record or in-
dicate the duration of the conversation over the connected lines. If this is desired,
the lever must be connected with the arinature of an electro-magnet, the latter.
magnet being included in the conductors of the plug connector between the
contact-piece of the lever, and the positive pole of the battery, the said electro-
magnet being energized by the current from the register battery, and thereby
holding its armature and the lever downward during the time of the connection of
the two sub-stations.
In the above-described arrangements the registers are connected with the
sockets of the jacks, and the connector conductors are used also as test con-
ductors. In those exchange systems which do not possess special (or separate)
testing conductors, the registers may be connected with the jacks by means of the
talking conductors. Here there are two sub-stations, which are united to the
central station by conductors, and at the latter place all the sub-station conductors
are connected to a common grounded conductor.
For the purpose of making connections between two sub-stations, pairs of plugs
are provided, which are in turn connected to the circuit-changers. The levers of
these circuit-changers. serve for the control of the register circuit, while other
levers are employed for alternately cutting in or out the clearing out annunciators,
or the central station telephone. A third lever serves for throwing the test-
battery or the galvanometer onto or off from the calling plugs. It is to be
observed, moreover, that the second named levers are connected so as to move
simultaneously, whereas the last named lever may be independently moved. A
switch is common to all the pairs of plug connectors.
The plugs, the first of which serve as answer-plugs, the latter as calling plugs,
have their shafts divided into two parts insulated from each other. The points of
the first named plugs are connected to the register conductors, while the points of
the other plugs are united to the arms of the circuit-changer through conductors.
In both species of plugs the rear parts of the shafts are connected with the con-,
ductors of the plug connectors. The construction of the plugs is such that their
points contact with the springs, while their rear portions contact with the sockets
of the jacks into which they may be inserted.
The registers are connected on one side with the negative pole of the battery,
and on the other side with the respective sub-station conductors between the
calling jacks and the calling annunciators.
The positive pole of the battery is connected to the left-hand contact-point of
the levers of the circuit-changers, by means of the conductors of the plug con-
nectors. Furthermore the pivotal point of the lever is in electrical communication
with the points or ends of the answer-plugs through the lever conductors.
In this exchange, system the production of connections between two sub-stations
and the necessary testing of the conductors as to whether in use or not, takes place
in the usual manner, and may therefore be assumed to be understood.
A description of the register apparatus will now be given, it being assumed that
the second sub-station, desires to communicate with another sub-station. In
order to ascertain what is the number of the sub-station desired by the subscriber

page_text: at the second sub-station, the operator places the answer plug in one of the sockets
of the jacks, whereby the register is connected with the pivotal point of the lever
of the circuit-changer, through the conductors, the spring of the plugged jack
raised by the point of the plug and through the lever conductor con-
nected to said point of plug, and to the said pivotal point of the lever. The
central station telephone is presumed to be in connection with the conductors of
the pair of plug-connectors which are to be used, before the plug is inserted in the
proper jack-socket, the levers of the circuit-changer occupying their right-hand
position, whereby the register-circuit is interrupted at the lever of said circuit-
closure.
The switching of the telephone onto the conductor of the sub-station desired
by the second sub-station, tested in advance by means of the plug is necessary,
whereby it results that after a complete connection the switching off of the
telephone and the simultaneous switching on of the clearing out annunciator by
shifting the circuit-closer to the left may then follow.
By this shifting of the lever to the left, the lever conductors are electrically
connected, over the lever of the circuit-closer, with the conductor of the circuit
changers and thereby with the positive pole of the register battery, whereby the
latter is in a closed circuit with the register, and is thus operated to register öne
number.
The course of the current is as follows:-
From the negative pole of the battery, over conductors to the raised spring of
the plugged jack, from there over the point of the plug, along the lever conductor,
over lever of the circuit-closer, to the conductor of the circuit changer and from
there to the positive pole of the battery.
:
Since all the talking circuits and therewith all the registers are connected with
the grounded conductor, over the calling annunciators, therefore by the closure of
the register battery circuit over any one of the registers, a branch current would
also flow over all the other registers. As will be understood from the foregoing
description, if the current from battery is allowed to pass, for example, over
the register, a current from the conductor may also flow through the registers,
as well as through the corresponding calling annunciators to the grounded
conductor, and from this through the annunciator, over another conductor, the
raised spring of the jack and the point of the plug to the lever conductor, and
thence to lever of the circuit-closer, and by way of the same and circuit-changer
conductor to the positive pole of the battery. As the branch currents would. not
only flow over the registers, but also over the calling annunciator, there would be
a false registry upon said register and an undesirable falling of the corresponding
annunciators, to overcome which the latter are constructed to have a high
resistance, the registers a low resistance and the battery is adapted only for the
resistance of the latter.
If it is desired. to avoid the loss of current from the battery, due to the branch
currents above-referred to, a circuit interrupter or breaker may be united to the
armatures of the register magnets, by which, for the time being, the corresponding
talking conductor between the calling annunciator and the point of closure of
the register, is interrupted during the period of registration. This form of
apparatus, however, is only used for the register in order not to complicate the
general construction.
In the above described register apparatus a registration follows upon the com-
pletion of a connection between two sub-stations, whereby it remains unconsidered
whether the called sub-station answers or not. This sort of apparatus will be
used at those places. where the administration of the telephone system is so
conducted that a separate fee is charged as a remuneration for employment of
the operator in making a connection. But in the places where only those
conversations which actually take place are counted, the closing of the register
battery must be postponed until the called sub-station makes answer. This
requirement may be accomplished by so connecting a battery and an electro-

page_text: .
magnet to the conductor uniting the sub-stations that the magnetic condition of
said electro-magnet will be altered by alterations in the electric conditions of the
line wire to one of the two connected sub-stations, a circuit closing apparatus
being so connected to the armature of the said electro-magnet, which circuit-
closing apparatus is arranged to close the register circuit, whereby upon an
alteration of the attractive power of the electro-magnet the said circuit closing
apparatus is operated. The completion of the registration by means of the
above-described apparatus is done best by the sub-station called, and, in the
simplest manner, by the lifting of the telephone of said sub-station from its hook,
as that is the proper point of time for the registration. The practical construction
of an apparatus corresponding to the above-described systems, permits various
arrangements of the electro-magnets and battery for effecting the closure of the
register circuits, and the advantage of one or the other arrangement depends
upon the kind of telephone system to which it is to be applied.
The two following arrangements are well adapted for illustrating and practically
carrying out the above-described forms. In these the switches, calling batteries
and other devices and circuits not necessary for explaining the register-apparatus
need not be fully referred to.
In the first example it is assumed that the first sub-station, desires to
communicate with second sub-station, and the making of a connection between
the two has progressed so far that it only remains to switch in the clearing out
annunciator.
In addition to the register apparatus thus far described the following supple-
mentary apparatus will be described.-
In the talking conductors of the pair of plug-connectors, a pivoted lever is so
inserted that in its normal position it contacts with the circuit closer, while an
armature of an electro-magnet is positively connected to said pivoted lever.
Furthermore the pivoted lever is coupled by a link of insulating material to a
second lever, so that both levers will move simultaneously. To the link is connected
one end of a spring, which tends to draw both levers away from the magnet. The
conductor is connected to the said second lever, which is provided with two circuit-
closing pieces. The lever of the circuit-closer, consists of two arms, which are
arranged to come into contact with two contact points of which the left-hand one
is connected with the conductor of the circuit changer, the right-hand one with the
conductor of the plug connector. The link which connects the three levers of the
circuit-closer, carries on its right-hand end a leaf spring which contacts with the
pivoted lever upon the movement of the circuit closer toward the right, while the
said lever, upon being forced toward the right contacts with the contact point
which is connected to the coils of the magnets, and upon being forced to the left,
contacts with the contact point connected to a conductor. In the position of the
circuit-closer in which the telephone is connected to the conductor, the circuit-
closing point of the second lever lies against the spring end of the lever of the
circuit closer, and the arm of the pivoted lever lies against the contact point,
whereby the conductor of the second lever is connected to the positive pole of the
battery, over the said lever, contact point arms of the circuit closer lever, conductor,
condenser, and conductor, so that the central station conductor can be tested.
If the circuit-closer is moved to the right for the purpose of switching in the
clearing-out annunciator, the spring forces the levers to move with it toward the
right, whereby the magnets together with the battery are inserted in the conductor
of the talking circuit over conductor, and the contact point. Furthermore the
second lever lies with its contact point against the contact point which is con-
nected to the conductor of the circuit changer, in order to preserve the possibility
of testing the central station conductor. In consequence of the switching of the
battery onto the talking conductor, the current of said battery passes through the
magnet, contact point, pivoted lever, conductor, clearing out annunciator, the point
of the plug, the lifted spring of the plugged jack, central conductor, lever, of the
first sub-station, telephone, earth-plate, to and through earth-plate, of the second

page_text: sub-station, thence over bell, lever, conductor, the spring of the plugged jack, the
point of the plug, conductors, and magnet, back to the battery. Thereupon as
soon as the sub-station telephone, is lifted from its hook, in order that the
subscriber may answer his call, the circuit of the battery is broken during the
time that the lever noves from the contact point of the bell, to the contact point
of the telephone, whereby the magnet is demagnetized and the pivoted arm con-
tacts with the contact point, and the linked arm is moved so that its contact point
rests against the arm of the circuit closer lever. Thereupon the register battery
circuit is closed over the register, the current taking the following course: From
the negative pole of the battery, over conductors, through register, to the socket
of the plugged jack, thence through the plug, conductor, pivoted lever, contact
point, arm of the circuit closer lever, conductors, to the positive pole of the
battery.
In order to prevent the clearing out annunciator from being released by the
battery the armature is so arranged that when drawn up it will close a grounded
circuit through spring, contact point, conductor, and ground. This grounding of
the circuit has in view, also, the preventing of a false registration, which would
otherwise occur through the breaking of the circuit of battery, at the time of
hanging up the telephone upon the hook, at the end of a conversation, which
breaking of the said circuit will be without effect upon the battery, where the
grounded circuit is provided.
When there are several switch-boards to be employed in making a connection
between two sub-stations, it may readily happen that an interruption of the circuit
of battery, takes place at one or the other switch-boards in the production of the
said connection, as for example, during the insertion of the plugs, by switching
the central station telephone, by means of the clearing out annunciator, etc.
This would result in a premature closing of the register battery, by releasing the
lever. This fault is avoided by the following register apparatus, and, since this
apparatus serves admirably for a double wire system, it is described with double
conductors, notwithstanding which it agrees in general with what has been de-
scribed so far as concerns the general arrangement.
The apparatus for causing the final closing of the register circuit is as follows:-
In the talking conductor, a two-armed lever, is inserted, which is so arranged that
in its normal position it closes the said conductor, while when in operation it breaks
or opens the same. Furthermore it is so devised that it may serve as a latch for
the pivoted lever. The latter is connected to the arinature of the electro magnet,
and also with the leaf spring. Upon its under end, said lever is provided with a
projection and an inclined surface in such a manner that the latch lever, which, in
its normal position is held down by a spring, will, when rising, press the said lever,
laterally toward the right, and then be caught behind the projection, whereby at
the same time the spring, will contact with the contact point. In this manner the
battery which is connected to the earth by the conductor will be connected to the
talking conductor over the magnet, spring, lever, and latch. The lever, which is
connected to the lever conductor and which carries the contact points is attached
to the pivoted lever, in such a manner that both will move simultaneously, and
furthermore the spring is fastened to the second lever, in such a manner that said
lever will be drawn to the left as soon as the pivoted lever releases the latch-lever.
The lever of the circuit-closer, consists of two arms, the first of which upon the
movement of the circuit-closer will press the latch-lever from its normal position
upward behind the projection of the pivoted lever, for which purpose the end of
the arm is arranged to press against a nose on the latch-lever. This nose and the
arm are so constructed that the latch lever will be pushed upward only by the
movement of the circuit-closer from left to right, and not by its movement in the
opposite direction.
3
The details of this construction do not absolutely belong to the above invention.
It is assumed that the first sub-station desires to communicate with the second
sub-station, and the connection between both is made, the sub-station, called and

page_text: the clearing out annunciator switched in. In the position of the circuit-closer'
which this condition of affairs assumes, the latch-lever is pressed upward, and in
consequence of this the battery is connected with the talking conductor, over the
magnet, contact point, spring, and pivoted lever. The conductor is connected with
the second sub-station, through the conductor and thereby also connected to the
circuit-closer lever.
A contact point connected to the earth is so arranged between the contact point
of the bell and that of the telephone that the hook, during its movement from below
upward, will slide over said point and thus connect the conductor as well as the
talking conductor to the earth.
So soon as the subscriber at the second sub-station takes the telephone from its
hook for the purpose of beginning the desired conversation, the earth circuit is
closed and a current from the battery flows over magnet, contact point, spring,
lever, latch-lever, talking conductor, the point of the plug, the spring of the
plugged jack, conductor, hook and contact point to the earth and from there
through conductor to the other pole of the battery and thereby draws up the
arinature of the magnet. In this manner the latch-link is set free and then is
drawn down by the spring so that thereupon the spring may draw the second lever
toward the left and bring its contact point against the arm of the circuit closer
lever, whereby finally the closing of the register circuit, including the register, takes
place. The course of the register current is exactly before described and need not
therefore be repeated.
If from any cause whatever the subscriber at the second station fails to answer
the call which has been made, then upon the hanging up of the telephone at the
first sub-station, a closing of the earth circuit through the contact piece takes place,
which would result in a release of the levers and, therefore, a false registration,
unless the talking conductor is interrupted between the lever and the calling plug
by the operation of the said lever. In such a case this is done by the operator.
Finally it is to be remarked that contact points are required for purposes of
testing as before described and as will be understood from the said description.
Although by a proper operation of the above-described apparatus a false regis-
tration is practically excluded, yet as in practice errors may occasionally occur
which will require a negative operation of the register, in order to correct its error,
I provide a device for this purpose which may be actuated by the operator without
inconvenience. This will be understood by the following description which
corresponds in general arrangement to the construction first described, the operation
of the register system being readily understood from the description heretofore
given.
The correcting or negative registering apparatus will now be described.
It comprises switches inserted between the left-hand contact-points of the levers
of the circuit-changers and the conductors which lead to the positive pole of the
register battery. These switchos are arranged when in their normal positions to
connect the said left-hand contact points of the levers with the said positive pole of
the register battery, and when pressed downward, to contact with a point forming
the terminal of a conductor which leads to the negative pole of another battery,
which I will term the correction battery. By this arrangement if an error has been
made on one of the registers, it may be corrected by pressing the corresponding
switch, thus sending a reverse current over the corresponding register
and operating it in a negative direction, the positive pole of the correc-
tion battery being permanently connected through conductor with the
negative pole of the register battery in order that the circuit may be
complete. As, however, when the switches respectively return to their normal
position, the corresponding register circuit will again be closed and again
register another number, it is necessary to press downward the switch twice without.
allowing it to return to its normal position between such two downward movements,
whereby two negative registrations will be made, and then when the one positive
registration is made by the return of the respective switch to its normal position

page_text: one of the two negative registrations will be counterbalanced and the final result in.
the register will be one number less than before the correcting operation was
commenced, which is here assumed to be the result intended.
Instead of employing the switches, a special plug connector inay be used which
is connected to the conductor. By inserting this plug in one of the jacks of the
line whose register it is desired to operate negatively, the current from the correcting..
battery will be sent out over said register and the previous erroneous registration
deducted.
In a register apparatus employed in connection with such a correcting device it
is necessary that polarised armatures be used for the register magnets, and either
two register devices must be employed for each system, one to record the positive
registrations and the other the negative registrations or errors made, or the register
must have two electro magnets, these magnets being arranged to move the register
dials in opposite directions.
I, RICHARD WEINMAR of 8, Poststrasse, Offenburg, (Baden) in the Empire of i
Germany, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what..
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained.
in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to improvements in telephone systems, and in particular, to
systems in which is employed a register device for registering the number of
messages sent over the subscriber's circuit to which said register device relates.
The object of my invention is to provide a system in which a record is
automatically produced showing the number of times a subscriber's telephone line
is used.
My invention broadly considered consists in the combination with a telephone
system of an electrically operated register device for each subscriber's line, a circuit
in which said register device is included, and means operated by the switch-board.
mechanism employed in making the connection between said subscriber's line
and the central station or other stations for closing the circuit of the register
device.
Among the many advantages of my invention are the following
The register device and its circuit may be introduced into telephone systeins
already in operation, as well as into new systems, with a minimum cost, and, in
systems of the former class without interfering with the regular operation of the
lines. Moreover, no separate or special circuit closing apparatus is needed in the
switch-board for use in the register circuit.
My invention will be first described in connection with the accompanying draw-
ings and then particularly pointed out in the claims.
In the drawings,
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a telephone system embodying..my
invention..
Figures 2 to 5 inclusive, are similar views showing other forms of telephone.
systems embodying my said invention:
In Figure 1 is shown a systein of circuits embodying a central station, a

page_text: plurality of sub-stations (two being shown) a register device for each sub-station,
and circuits for the register devices. In this figure the full lines indicate the
talking circuits, the broken lines show the circuits for the register devices; and the
dot and dash lines, the testing circuits for testing the talking circuits.
As above stated in this figure two sub-stations, S' and S, are illustrated, which
are connected to the central station by conductors 1, 1 and 2, 2. In each of these
conductors are included three jacks indicated at K' and K² respectively, as well as
calling annunciators N¹ and N2, respectively.
For making connections between the sub-stations, the plug-connector pairs,
A, VA, V, A3, V3, are employed, while for calling the sub-stations the switches
L, L, L, L2b, L³, 13b as well as the circuit changers, U₁, U2, U³, are provided;
the circuit changers serving to cut in and out the central station telephone,
F, and the respective clearing out annunciators 01, 02, 03. A battery or other
source ef electricity, indicated at W, is also supplied for the purpose of calling the
subscribers.
Referring now to the means for registering the number of times a subscriber's
line is in use, B is a battery for the registers having its negative pole connected to
the registers indicated at Z and Za by means of a conductor 14 and branches 12
and 13 which extend to the sockets of the jacks K', K respectively, and include
the coils of the corresponding registers which may be of any suitable and well
known constructions."
The positive pole of the battery Bis connected through the connections 15 and
16 and the branches of the latter with the corresponding points or contact pieces
of the levers I, of the circuit changers U¹, U² U³ in this case with the left-hand
series of such points.
The fulcrums of the levers I; are connected by conductors 16; with the contact
rings or shells sleeves of the answer-plugs A1, A2, As, which contact rings or shells
sleeves it is to be noted, fit snugly into the sockets of the jacks, so that upon the
insertion of a plug the circuit of the register battery is closed.
For the purpose of testing the talking circuits the right hand points or contact-
pieces of the levers I of the circuit changers U1, U, Us, are connected by the
conductor -5 and its branches with the positive pole of the register battery B,
through a eendenser resistance C. It-is-to-be-understood;-of-course--that-the-said
eendenser-serves-to-prevent-the-direet-electrical--communication--through--suid-eon-
dueter- Furthermore, the said conductor 5-5 is in electrical communication
through the conductors 17-17 with shells sleeves or rings on the plugs of the
calling plug-connectors. V¹, V², V³, which serve for making connections between
two subscriber's lines. These plugs when inserted also make electrical connections
with the sockets of the jacks K, K², thereby closing the register battery circuit at
the jacks, through although-said-eireuit-is-net-complete-owing-to-the-feet-that the
resistance condenser C which is such that only a very small current, insufficient
to operate the registers, can flow through it. is-included-in-it.
The negative pole of the battery B is connected by ineans of the conductor 11
which includes a resistance R to the grounded pole of the central station
telephone. It is to be understood that the shells sleeves or rings on the plugs
of the plug-connectors A', A2, A3, and VI, V³, V³, at which terminate the conductors
16 and 17 respectively, are insulated from the points of said plugs.
The production of connections between two sub-stations follows in general in the
same manner as in other exchange systems, it being borne in mind, however, that
the answering of a sub-station cannot be done indiscriminately with either of the
two plugs of a pair of plug connectors, as in other systems, but must always be
done with one of the answer plugs A', A2, A³.
The method of testing a conductor to ascertain whether or not it is in use, prior
to making a connection is similar to that in previous systems; being-done the
testing is effected by touching one of the jack-sockets of the desired line, which
action produces a click" in the operator's telephone. if the line tested is engaged.
"

page_text: The circuit for producing this test is, however, quite different from the usual.
testing circuit and will now be described.
Let it be assumed that sub-stations 1 and 2 are connected, as shown in Figure 1,
and that the operator has touched the jack-socket K2, with the tip of the plug Vs.
It will be seen that the testing circuit, when the tip of the plug V³ is touching the
jack-socket K2 is as follows:-
From the positive pole of battery B to the conductor 15 thence over the latter
to one side of the condenser resistance C. Froin the other side of eendenser
resistance, C, along conductor 5, to the cord 17 of plug V2, through the correspond-
ing jack-socket to conductor 13, to the jack-socket, which is touched by the tip of
the plug Vs along cord 18 of said plug to switch 1, thence through the upper
contact point to lever III, over the same and its corresponding branch wire to
conductor 7, thence to and through the operator's telephone F to the junction of
conductors 10 and 11 over conductor 11, and the resistance R, to conductor.14 and
thence to the negative pole of the battery B. From this it will be seen, that the
testing circuit included the eondenser resistance C.
Consequently at the moment of touching the jack-socket K². with the tip of the
plug V³, the-eendenser-will-be charged-and-at-the-moment-of-removal-of-the-tip-of
said-plug--from-said-soeket,-the-conduetor-will-be-diseharged; a current will pass
through the resistance C, thereby producing a "click" in the operator's telephone
and giving notice that the line 2 is busy.
Instead-of-a-condenser,-a-resistance-may-be-employed,-as-will-be-full;
by-these-skilled-in-the-art,-it-being-obvious-that-the-purpose-of--the-condenser-is-te
prevent-the-elosure--of-the-register-eireuit-over-the-testing-eirenit,-while-at-the-same
understood
time-allowing-the-testing eirenit-to-give-a-sound-in-the-operator's-telephone-when-a
test-is-made,-if-the-line-tested-is-then-in-use. The-resistance--operates; in--substan-
tially-the-same-manner.
In describing the operation of the register-device it will be assumed that the
sub-station S' desires to communicate with the sub-station S and that therefore
the register Z belonging to the first-mentioned sub-station, must register one
conversation or use of the line chargeable against sub-station S', in case the con-
nection with sub-station S2 is made. For the purpose of doing this, the pair of
plug-connectors A² V are is employed. Before taking the plug As away from its
seat, the central station telephone F is connected to the conductors 18 and 18, by
moving the levers I, II and III of circuit-changer U to the right (in the present
construction) so that by the insertion of the plug A2 in the socket of the jack K¹
the register is connected over conductors 12-12 and by means of the socket of
the jack K¹, the contact ring or shell sleeve of the plug A² and conductor 16 with
the conductor 5-5 through the lever I of the circuit-changer U³, and; furthermore,
is also connected with the positive pole of the battery B in-open-eirenit, through the
eondenser resistance C. The latter, however, does-not allows only a very small
current any-eurrent to flow over the circuit just described, so that, therefore, the
register Z does not operate. The connection with the positive pole of the
battery B is only for the purpose of rendering possible the testing of the conductor
for a purpose hereinafter explained.
After the central station operator has learned from the subscriber at sub-
station S¹, that the latter desires to converse with the subscriber at sub-station S³,
the plug V2 after the previously described test has been made, is inserted in a
socket of the jack K2, the station S* called by pressing the switch L2b and then, by
moving the circuit-changer U2; to the left, the clearing out annunciator O2 is
switched onto the conductor 18 18 and the central station telephone thereby cut
out. Upon the shifting of the circuit-changer U* to the left, as above mentioned,
its lever I becomes included in circuit with conductor 6 instead of with con-
ductor 5 as before, whereby the circuit of the register battery is closed and the
register operated to register one use of the line to station S¹.
The course of the current of the register circuit is as follows:-
From the negative pole of the battery B through .conductors 14 and 12, over

page_text: J
1
the coils of the register, to the socket of the plugged jack K₁, from there through
the contact ring or shell sleeve of the plug A2, along the conductor 16 to the
lever I of the circuit-changer U, over said lever to its left-hand point and along
conductors 6 and 15, to the positive pole of the battery B. By this closure of the
circuit the current from the register battery B continues to flow during the entire
period that the line to sub-station S¹ is in use, so that by a suitable construction of
the register apparatus, not only the number of conversations chargeable to
sub-station S¹ but also the duration of each may be recorded.
As will be seen from Figure 1 and the other figures, the plug-connectors sleeves
of the plugs V, V, V, are permanently connected through the conductor 5-5
and the resistance C with the positive pole of the battery B, whilst the calling
plugs A1, A2, A, are connected with the positive-pole-of-the-battery-B-through-the
conductor 5-5 when the lever I of the switch U is placed to the right, and
directly with the positive pole of the battery B through conductor 6-6 when said
lever is placed to the left. It is evident that the case may arise in which a
conductor occupied by a calling plug A may be tested at the moment when the
lever I of the respective switch U is brought precisely from the right hand contact
on to the left hand one, during which time the jack sockets of the conductor to
be tested are separated from the positive pole of the battery B. As the testing
only takes a very short time, the conductor in question would appear to be free.
This drawback may be easily avoided by arranging the two contacts of the
lever I of the switch U being--moved so close together that one is encountered
before the other is quitted. In installations already existing which are to be
provided with registering apparatus and in which the angle of movement of the
already existing levers II and III of the switch U are is not altered, the said
drawback must be met by inserting between the left contact of the lever I and
its point of rotation in each switch U, e-condenser-or a resistance, which latter is
só calculated that the current of the battery B cannot increase to a sufficient
strength to bring into play the register magnet. The latter registration cannot
take place if until the condenser--or resistance W₁ (see Figure 1ª 4) be is short
circuited by the lever I being placed to the left.
The connection of the right hand contact of the lever I of the switch U with
the conductor 5-5 is in such case superfluous. A representation of the arrangement
just described is shown in Figure 1 4 of the accompanying drawings, in which the
switch U' for the said arrangement is shown. The other conductors run exactly
as in Figure 1 and the descriptions of both figures exactly coincide with one
another.
The above described register-system illustrated in Figure 1 assumes either
that the central station telephone is connected, when not in use, with the
conductors 18, 18 of the plug-connectors eenedutors, or that said telephone is
switched onto said conductors before taking a-ealling an answering plug into
use, which may be done simultaneously with the switching off of the clearing out
annunciator, as shown in Figure 1. If this is not the case the register circuit must
contain assumption--is--ineerreet,--then--either--there--must--be another circuit-
breaking and closing apparatus; beside the lever I, such as similar--to G³, in
Figure 2, besides the lever-I, ineluded-in--the-register-eirenit;-by-means-of--which
an-antecedent-elesing-of-the-register-eirenit-takes-place; or the lever I must be so
connected with the switches, L2, of the calling-plug V2, that it will only close the
register circuit upon the operation of the said switch L².
The reason for this is, that if my-invention-be-applied-to-a-system-emploring-a-
elearing-cut-annunciator-always-in-eirenit-with-the plug-eenneeters, the lever I were
left on the contuct connected to line 6 when answering a call, then upon the
insertion of a-ealling an answering plug, as A2, the current in the register circuit
would flow over the conductors 15 and 6, lever I of the switch U, V, con-
conductors 16, 12 and 14, and thereby cause the register to operate, which is
a--disadvantage to be avoided, since it is not desired to register a conversation
until a connection between two stations has been completed.

page_text: The above-mentioned course of the current in the register circuit is not possible
in the construction shown in Figure 1, if the switch, U2, V2, is kept in its
left right-hand position before the completion of a connection, or if a separate
additional circuit closure is used. as-at-G³-in-Figure-2
In Figures 2 and 3 are shown register circuits provided respectively with the
above-mentioned separate circuit closers. These figures correspond exactly with
Figure 1 in regard to the illustrations in-Figure-1 of the separate parts and are
altered from this only in their with-regard-to-the arrangement relatively to each
other. In both figures the register magnet, together with its arinature, are shown,
the latter being so arranged that, upon being attracted by its magnet, it will turn
the wheel D₁ forward one tooth, and release the wheel D² (which represents the
escapement wheel of a clock-work) during the time that said armature is attracted,
so that not only will the conversation be counted but also the duration of the
same will be recorded. A jack, K', of the conductor, 1 is shown with a corre-
sponding answer plug A, inserted, the calling-plug, V2, being still upon its sent,
out of operation, while the circuit-changer, U, is invertel as compared with its
position turned-180°;-with-relation-to-its-arrangement in Fig. 1, and wherefore the
clearing out annunciator, O3, as well as the central station telephone are arranged
at the upper part of the figures.
In Fig. 2 the additional circuit-closing device, G³, is so arranged at the seat of
the plug, V, and in the conductor, 6, 6, between the right-hand contact. piece or
point of the lever; I, of the circuit-changer U2, and the positive pole of the register-
battery, B, that this additional circuit-closing device will be open during the time
when the said calling plug, V, rests in its seat, and closed when the said plug is
lifted from said seat.
Furthermore, so long as the calling plug, V³, is not in use, and not lified from
its seat, a closure of the circuit between conductors 6 and 16, does not produce an
operation of the register, Z¹.
In order to call the sub-station, S¹, it is necessary to switch the central station
telephone onto the conductors 18, 18, of the pair of plug-connectors in use, from
which it results, that the circuit-changer, U, in Fig. 2, must be maintained in its
position to the left from immediately after the answer-plug, A³, is inserted in its
jack up to the time when the calling plug, V2, is inserted in its corresponding
jack, in which position of the circuit-changer, its lever, I, connects the lever
conductors, 16, 16, with the conductors, 5, 5, whereby, as follows from the
description in Fig. 1, no operation of the registers takes place. The latter can only
occur after the circuit changer, U2, has been shifted to its right-hand position,
whereby the lever, I; connects the conductors, 16, 16, with the conductor, 6, and
the current of the register battery takes the following course: From the negative
pole of the battery, B, over the conductors 14, 14, and 12, 12, through the
register Z1, to the socket of the jack, K, and from there to the contact ring of the
plug, A, through the same and through conductors, 16, 16, lever, I, con-
ductors, 6, 6, and circuit-closing device G², to the positive pole of the battery, B.
In the central station, where the calling of the desired sub-station is done by the
operator, the lever, I, also may be mechanically connected to the switch, L2, of the
calling plugs, V, and this arrangement is shown in Fig. 3. This corresponds in
general with Fig. 2.
Under the switch, L, a lever I, is so arranged that, by means of a block of
insulating material arranged between the two, the downward movement of the said
switch must cause the movement of the lever, I. In the normal position, the
lever, I, contacts with a point or contact piece which is in connection with the
conductor, 5, 5, while when moved downward it contacts with a point or contact-
piece connected to, the conductor, 6, 6. After the production of a connection
between two sub-stations and for the purpose of calling the desired sub-station, the
switch, L2, is pressed down, whereby the lever, I, contacts with the contact-piece
of the conductor, 6, 6, and the battery, B, is in a closed circuit with the register Z¹,
whereupon the current of the register circuit travels exactly as described with

page_text: relation to Fig. 1. In order to hold the levers I, and L2b so as to maintain the
register circuit closed during the whole time of a conversation in order that the
register may record the duration of a conversation, the lever, I, is connected with
the armature, H, of an electro-magnet, M, the latter magnet being included in the
conductors, 6, 6, between the contact piece of the lever, I, and the positive pole
of the battery, B, the said electro-magnet being energized by the current from the
register battery, and thereby holding its armature and the lever, I, downward
during the time of the connection of the two sub-stations.
In-the-above-deseribed-arrangements-the-registers, 4, 7;-are-connected-with-the
soekets-of-the-jaeks;-and-the-connector-conductors-are-used-also-as-test-conductors.
In--these--exchange--systems--which--do--not--possess--special-(or-separate)-testing
conductors,-the-registers-inny-be-conneeted-with-the-jacks-by-means-of--the-talking
conductors;-as-shown in Fig. 4.-In- this--figure,-as--in-Fig-1,-there--are--two-sub-
stations; S';-and-S,-which--are--united--to-the--central--station-by-conductors:-1,-1;
and-22,-and-at-the-letter--place--all--the--substation-conductors-are-connected-to-a
eǝmmon-grounded-conductor, 0,-0.
For--the--purpose--of--making--connections between--two--substations--the--pairs
AVAV-of-plugs-are-provided,-which-are--in--turn--connected--to--the-eireuit
ehangers,-UU:-The-levers, I,-of-these-eirenit--ehangers--serve--for-the-control-of
the-register-eirenit,-while-the--levers, I--I,--and--III-are-employed--for--alternately
entting-in-or--ont--the-elearing-out-annunciators,--0',--0----the--central-station.
telephone, F.-The-lever-H, serves-for-throwing-the-test-battery,-P-or-the-galvano-
meter,-T,-onte--or---off-from-the-calling-plugs, V, V²-It-is-to-be-observed,-more-
over, that-levers, I, II, III,-are-connected-sous-to-move-simultaneously, whereas the
lever, H-may-be-independently-moved. The switch;-L.-is-common-to-all-the-pairs
of-plug-connectors.
register
The-plugs, A-and-V1,A2V-the-first-of-which-serve-as-answer-plags;-the-latter-as
ealling plugs, -have-their-shafts-divided,-as-shown-in-Figs. 1--to-3;--into--two--parts
insulated-from-each-other-The-points-of the--plugs, A¹--A--are-connected--to--the
conductors,-16;-16;-while-the-points-ef-the--plugs, V-V-are-united--to--the
arms, H, H-of-the-eirenit-changer, U,-U', through-the-conductors, 17, 17.-In-both
species-of-plugs,-the-rear-parts-of-the--shafts-are--connected--with--the--eendnetors;
18,18,-of-the-plus-connectors.-The-construction-of-the--plugs--is--such--that--their
points-contact-with-the-springs,-while-their-rear-portions-contact--with--the--seekets
of-the-jacks-into-which-they-may-be-inserted.
The-registers-ZZ, Z, Z,-are-connected-on-one-side-with--the--negative--pole--of
the-battery, B,-und-on-the-other-side--with-the--respective--substation--conductors;
123and-4,-between-the-calling-jaeks-and-the-calling-annnneintors, N¹,-N№³,-N
The positive pole-of-the-battery, B,-is-connected-to-the-left-hand-contact-point--of
the-levers-I-of-the-eircuit-changers-U', U²-by-means-of-the-conductors, 6. Further
more the pivotal point-of-the-lever,-1,-is-in-electrical-communication-with-the-points
or-ends-of-the-answer-plugs;-A', A, through-the-conductors;-16;-16:
In-this exchange-system-the--production--of-the--connections--between--twa--sub-
stations-and-the-necessary-testing-of-the-conductors-us-to--whether--in--use--or--not,
takes-place-in-the-usual-manner;-and-may-therefore-be-assumed-to-be-understood.
A-description-of-the-register-apparatus-will-now-be-given,-it-being-assumed--that
the-sub-station-S-desires-to-communicate-with-another-sub--station. In--order--to
aseertain-what-is-the-number-of-the-sub-station-desired-by--the-subseriber--at--the
seeand-sub-station-S;-the-operator-places-the-answer-plug-A-in-one-of-the- soakets
of-the-jacks---whereby-the-register 12-is-connected with the pivotal-point-of-the
lever-of-the-eirenit-changer--U-through-the-conductors-13-und-2,--the--spring--of
the-plugged-jaek-K-raised by-the-point-of-the-plag-A'-and-through--the--eondaeter
16-connected-to-said-point-of-plug-A2-and--to-the-said-pivotal-point-of-the-lever-I.
The-central-station-telephone-F-is-presumed-to-be-in-connection-with-the-conductors
18,-18,-of-the-pair-of-plug-connectors-which-are-to-be-used--before--the--plug--A--is
inserted-in-the-proper-jack-socket-the-levers-of-the-circuit--changer--U³ -ocenpying

page_text: their right hand-position, whereby-the-register-circuit-is-interrupted-at-the--lever--I
of said-eireuit-elosure.
The-switching-of-the telephone-F-onto-the-conductor-of-the--sub--station--desired
by-sub-station--tested in advance-by-means of-the-plug Vis necessary, whereby-it
results-that-after-a-complete--connection-the-switching-off-of-the--telephone-and-the
simultaneous-switching-on-of-the-clearing out-annunciator-by--shifting--the--eirenit
eloser--to-the-left, may-then-follow...
By this shifting-of-the-lever-to-the--left,-the-conductors--10--16;-are--eleetrically
connected-over-the-lever-1-of-the-eirenit--eloser-U--with--the--conductor--6--6--and
thereby with-the-positive-pole-of-the-register-battery, whereby--the-latter--is--in--a
elesed-eirenit-with-the-register,-and-is-thus-operated-to-register-one-number:
The-course-of-the-current-is-as-follows-+-
From-the-negative-pole-of-the-battery-B-over--the-conductors-13;-13;-and--2--2
to-the-raised-spring-of-the-plugged-juck-K²-from-there-over-the-point--of--the--plug
A²-along-the-conductor-10-16,-overlever-I-of-the--eirenit--eleser--2--to--conductor
6,6,-and-from-there-to-the-positive-pole-of-the-battery-B.
Since-all-the-talking-eireuits-and-therewith-all-the-registers--are--eeuneeted--with
the-grounded-eonductor-9-over-the-calling-annunciators;-therefore--by-the--elosare
et-the-register-battery-eircuit-over-any-one-of-the-registers;-a-branch-current-would
also-flow-over-all-the-other-registers.-As-will-be--understood--from--the--foregoing
deseription,-if-the-current-from-battery-B-is-allowed-to-pass-for-example-over--the
register--a-current-from-conductor-14;-14,-may-also--flow--through-the--registers
--as-well-as-through-the-corresponding-calling-annunciators--N'-N-N'-to.
the-grounded-conductor-9-and-from--this--through--the--annnneinter-N--over--son-
duetor-2,-the-raised-spring-of-the-jack-K-and-the-point-of-the-plug-A²-to-conductor
16-and-thenee-to-lever-I-of-the-eirenit-eloser--U-and-by-way-of-the--same--and--eon-
ductor 6-to-the-positive-pole-of-the-battery-B. As the branch--enrrents-would--not
only-flow over-the-registers 4',³, 7-but--also--over-the--calling--annuneiator--N;
there-would-be-a-a-talse-registry-upon-said-register-and--an-undesirable--falling--of
have-a-high-resistanee,-the-registers-a-low--resistance-and-the-battery-B-is-adapted
the-corresponding annunciator, to--overeome--which;-the--latter-are--constructed-to
only-for-the-resistance-of-the-latter.
If-it-is-desired-to-avoid-the-loss-of-current-from-the-battery-B-due-to-the--branch
eurrents-above-referred-to;-n-eirenit-interruptor-or-breaker--may--be-united--to-the
talking-eendnetor-between-the-calling-annnneiator-and-the-point-of-closure--of--tte
register;-is-interrupted-during-the-period-of-registration.-This-form--of-apparatus,
however, is only-shown in-the-drawings-for-the-register: Z³;--in--order--not--to--com-
plicate-the-illustration of-the-general-construction:
armatures-of-the-register-magnets,-by-which-for-the-time being, the--corresponding
In-the-above-deseribed-register-apparatas-a-registration-follows--upon--the--eem
pletion-of-a-connection-between-two-sub-stations; whereby -it-remains unconsidered
whether-the-ealled-sub-station-answers-or-not. This sort-of-apparatus-will-be-used
at-those-places-where-the-administration-of-the-telephone-system--is--so--conducted
that a separate-fee-is-charged-as-a-remuneration-for-employment-of--the-operator.in
making-a-connection:-Bat-in-the--places-where--only-those--conversations--which
actually take-place-are-counted,-the-elesing-of-the-register--battery--must--be--post-
poned-until-the-called-sub-station-makes-answer.-This-requirement-may-be-necom-
plished-by-so-connecting-a-battery-and-an-electro-magnet-to-the-conductor--uniting
the-sub-stations-that-the-magnetie-condition-of-said-electro-magnet-will--ba--altered
sub-stations;-a-eirenit-elosing-apparatas-being-so-connected-to-the-armature--of--the
by-alterations-in-the-electric-conditions-of-the-line--wire-to-one-of-the-two-connected
said-electro-magnet,-which-eirenit-elosing-apparatus-is-arranged-to-close-the-register
eirenit,-whereby-upon-an-alteration-of-the-attractive-power-of-the--electro-magnet
the-said-eirenit-elosing-apparatus-is-operated.-The-completion-of--the--registration
by-means-of-the-above-deseribed apparatus-is-done-best-by-the--sub--station--called,

page_text: and, in-the-simplest-manner, by-the-lifting-of-the-telephone-of-suid-sub-station-from
its-hook,-as-that-is-the-proper-point-of-time-for-the-registration.-The-practical-eon-
struction-of-an-apparatus corresponding--te--the-above--deseribed--systems,--permits
various arrangements-of-the-electro-magnets-and-battery-for-effecting-the-closure-of
the-register-eirenits;-and-the-advantage-of-one-or-the--other--arrangement--depends
upon-the-kind-of-telephone-system-to-which-it-is-to-be-applied.
In-Figures-5-and-6-two-arrangements--are- shown--which-are-well--adapted--for
illustrating-and--practically carrying--out--the--above--described--forms. In--these
Figures-the-switches;-enlling-batteries-and-other-devices-and-eireuits-not--necessary
for-explaining-the-register-apparatus-are-omitted-for-the-suke-of-perspicuity.
In-Figure--it-is-assumed-that-the-sub-station-St-desires--to--communicate--with-
the-sub-station-S²-and-the-making-of-a-connection-between-the-twe-has--progressed
so-far-that-it-only-remains-to-switch-in-the-elearing-out-annunciator:
In-additien-to-the-register-apparatus-thus--far--deseribed--the--following--supple
mentary-apparatus-is-shown-in-Figure-8,-namely.
In-the-talking-conductors-18,-1,-of-the-pair-of-plug-connectors A;-V,--a--pivoted
lever-T-is-so-inserted-that-in-its-normal-position-it-contacts-with-the--eireuit--eleser
Y-while-an-armature-T-of-an-electro-magnet-M--is--positively--connected--to--said
lever T. Furthermore-the-lever-T-is-coupled-by-a-link-of-insulating-material--to--a
lever-D-so-that-both-lovers-T-and-D-will-move-simultaneously. -To-the-link-is-con-
neeted-one-end-of-a--spring--which--tends--to--draw--both--levers--away--from--the
magnet-M-The-conductor-16-is-connected-to-the-said-lever-D-which--is--provided
with-two-eirenit-elosing-pieces-D'-and-D-The-lever--I--of--the--eirenit--eloser--U;
consists-of-two-arms-R'-and--which-are-arranged-to-come-into--contact--with--twe
contact-points;-of-which-the-left-hand-one-is-conneeted-with-the--conductor-5,-4,-the
right-hand-one-with-the-conductor-6;-6.-The-link-which-connects-the--three--levers
1,-1,-1,-of-the-eireuit-closure-U,-earries-on-its-right-hand-end-a-lent-spring-which
eoutnets-with-the-lever-T-upon-the-movement-of-the-eireuit--eroser--U--towards--the
right,-while-the-said-lever-T-upon-being-forced-toward-the-right--contacts-with--the
eontaet-point-which-is-connected-to-the-coils-of-the-magnets--and--M²-and--upon
being-forced-to-the-left-contacts-with-the-contnet-point-conneeted-to-the-eenduster
18,-18-In-the-position-of-the-eirenit-elosure-U;-indiented-in-Figure-5,-in-which-the
telephone--is-connected-to-the-condnetor-18,-the-eirenit-elosing--point D'--of--the
lever-Dies-against-the-spring-end-R-of-the-lever--I-and-the-arm-T-lies-against-the
contact-point--whereby-the-conductor-16-is-connected-to-the-positive--pole--of--the
battery-B-over-the-lever D,-eontact-point-D',-arms--and--of-the--lever----еon-
duetor-5, condenser-C-and-eonductor-6,-so-that-the-conductor-D-ean--be--tested--by
An-operator other-than-the-one-who-answers-the-call-of-sub-station-1.
The-reason-for-this-is-that-systems-sueh-as-just-described;--are--commonly--very
extensive-and-require-the-attention-of-several--operators.-Consequently,--it--might
eeeur;-after-sub-station-1-had-notified-the-central, that-it-desired-to-be-connected-to
some-other-sub-station;-say-sub-station-2,-for-example;-and-while-waiting--for--such
connection;-that-another-operator-would-receive-a-request-from-still-another-station
for-a-connection-with-station-1;-and-it-is-important;-that-the-construction--be--sueh,
that-a-test-of-the-conductors-to-sub-station-1-will-show-it-to-be-busy-even-though it
is-not-then-actually-connected-with-the-sub-station-(as-2)-for-which-it-called.
If-the-eireuit-eloser-U-is-moved-to-the-right-for-the-purpose-of-switching--in--the
elearing ont-annnneintor, the spring-Q foress-the-levers Fand D to move with-it-toward
the-right-until-the-lever-T-is-stopped-by-the-contact--whereupon-the-spring-bends
or-yields-and-finally-slips-past-the-end-of-said-lever, whereby-the--magnets--M'-and
-together-with-the-battery-B-are-inserted-in-the-conductor-18,-18, of-the-talking
eirenit-over-the-conductor-3-and-the-contact-point-Y-Furthermore the--lever-D
lies-with-its-contact-point-D²-against-the-contact-point-P-which-is-connected-to--the
conductor-ō-in-order-to-preserve--the--possibility--of--testing-the--conductor--1--for
the--purpose--berein--before--described. In--consequence-of-the--switching-of-the
battery-B'-ento-the-talking-conductor-18-the-current-of-said-battery-passes-through
the-magnet-M',-contact-point-Y',-lever-T,-conductor-18,-elearing-out-annunciator-,

page_text: the-point-of-the-plug-A,-the-lifted-spring-of-the--plugged jack, K'--conductor--1,
lever-H-of-the-sub-station-S',-telephone-F1,-earth-plate-E¹-to--and--through--earth-
plate-E-of-the-sub-station-S2-thenee-over-bell-G2-lever-H,-conductor-2,-the-spring
of-the-plugged-jack-K2-the-point-of-the-plug-V,-conductors-18-and--3,--and--magnet
M-back-to-the-battery-B¹-Thereupon-as-soon-as-the-sub-station- telephone--Fis
lifted-from-its-hook, -in-order-that-the-subscriber-may-answer-his-call,-the-circuit--of
the
battery-B-is-breken,-during-the-time-that-the-lever-H2-moves-from-the-contact
point-of-the-bell-G-to-the-contact-point-of-the-telephone-,F2,-whereby--the--magnet
M2 is-demagnetized-and-the-arm-T-contacts-with-the-contact-point Y,-and-the arm-D
is-moved-so-that-its-contact-point-D-rests-against-the--arm--R--of--the--lever--I.-
Thereupon-the-register-battery-eireuit-is-closed-over--the--register--Z',--the--eurrent
taking-the-following-course-From-the-negative-pole-of-the--battery B,-over-con-
ductors-14-and-12-through-register-Z'-to-the-socket-of-the-plugged jack-K-thenee
through-the-plug-A,-conductor-16,-lever-D,-contact-point-D-arm-R2-of-the-lever-I,
conductors-6-and-16-to-the-positive-pole-of-the-battery-B.-It-is-to--be--anderstood
that-where-the-switch-U-is-thrown-to-the-left,-the-spring-on-its-end--will--pass--the
end-of-the-lever-T,-owing-to-the-facts-that-movement-of-the-lever,-T--to-the-right-is
prevented-by-the-contact-point-Y,-thereby-compelling-the-said-spring-to--yield--and
slip-under-the-end-of-the-said-lever,-T,-thereby-resuming its-original-position,
In-order-to-prevent-the-elearing-out-annunciator-from-being--released--from--the
battery-B-the-armature-T-is-se--arranged--that--when--drawn--up--it--will--close--a
grounded-eirenit-through-spring-T², contact-point Y2;-conductor-4-and--ground--E.
This-grounding-of-the-eireuit-has-in-view-also-the-preventing-of-a-false-registration,
which would otherwise-eeeur-through-the-breaking-of-the-eireuit--of-battery,-B¹,-at
the-time-of-hanging-up-the-telephone-E'-upon-the-hook-H';-at-the--end--of--a--con-
versation,-which-breaking-of-the-said-eirenit-will-be-without-effeet-upon-the-battery
B-where-the-grounded-eirenit-is-provided:
By-this-means,-the--eurrent--of-battery, B',--is--divided--through--two--grounded
eireuits,-a-small-part-of-the-current-flowing-through-the--elearing--out--annunciator
to-the-ground-at-sub-station-1,-while-the-remainder-flows--to--the--ground--through
the-conductor-4,-the-earth-forming--a--common--return--for--both--portions--of--the
enrrent-to-the-ground-connection-of-the-sub-station,-from-which-place--the--eurront
returns-to-the-battery, B',-over-conductors-2,-18--and--3,--whereby--the--current--o£
battery-B-cannot-be-interrupted-by-an-interruption-of-the-eirenit-at-sub-station--1,
sinee-it-may-still-flew-through-conductor-4-to-the-ground.
When-there-are-several-switch-boards-to-be--employed--in--making--a--connection
between-two-sub-stations,-it-may-readily-happen-that-an-interruption-of-the--eirenit
of-battery-B-takes-place-at-one-or-the-other-switch-boards-in-the-production-of-the
said-connection,-as-for-example,-during-the--insertion-of-the-plugs, -by-switching-the
eentral-station-telephone,-by-means--of--the--elearing--out--annunciator--ete. This
would-result-in-a-premature-elosing-of-the-register-battery,-by--releasing--the--lever
T. This-fault-is-avoided-by-the-register-apparatus-shown-in--Figure-6,--and--sinee
this-apparatus-serves-admirably-for-a-double-wire-system,-said-figure-is-shown-with
double-conductors,-notwithstanding-which-it-agrees-in-general-with-Figure-5,-so-far
as-concerns-the-general-arrangement-and-illustration.
The apparatus-for-causing-the-final-elosing-of-the-register-eireuit-is--as--follows-+
In-the-talking-conductor-18-a-two-armed-lever-Q-is-inserted,-which-is--so--arranged
that-in-its-normal-position-it-eloses the-said-conductor-18,-while-when-in--operation
it-breaks-or-opens-the-same; Furthermore-it-is-so-devised-that-it-may--serve--as--a
lateh-for-the-lever-T
The latter-is-cenneeted-to-the-armature-T-of-the-electro-magnet-M,-and-also-with
the-leaf spring T:-Upon-its-under-end,-said-lever Tis-provided-with-a-
-a--projection
and-an-inclined-surface-in-sueh-a-manner-that--the--lateh--lever,--Q,--which,--in--its
normal-position-is-held-down-by-a-spring.X²,-will,-when-rising, press--the--lever, T
laterally toward-the-right,-and-then-be-caught-behind--the--projection,--whereby--at
the same time-the-spring-T-will-contact-with-the-contact-point-Y-In-this-manner
the-battery-B-which-is-connected-to-the-earth-by-the-conductor-7-will-be-connected

page_text: to-the-talking-conductor-18-over-the-magnet-M,-spring-T';--lover--T--and--lateh--Q
The-lever-D,-which-is-connected-to-the-lever-conductor-16--and--which--earries--the
contact-points-D'-and-D²-is-attached-to-the-lever-T,-in-sueh-a-manner-that-both-will
move-simultaneously, and furthermore, the spring-X-is-fastened-to-the-lever D¸-in
such-a-manner-that-said-lever-will-be-drawn-to--the--lett--as--soon--as--the--lever--T
releases-the-lateh-lever-Q.-The-lever-I-of-the-eireuit-eloser U-consists-of-two-arms
R-R-the-first-of-which-upon-the-movement-of-the-eirenit-eloser, U,-will-press-the
lateh-lever-Q-from-its-normal-position, as shown-by-the-dotted-lines-in-the-drawing,
upward-behind-the-projection-of-the-lever T,-for-which purpose-the-end-of-the-arm-R₁
is-arranged-to-press-against-a-nose-G-on-the--latch lever-Q. This--nose--and--the
arm-'-are-so-construeted-that-the--lateh-lever-Q;-will-be-pushed--upward-only-by
the-movement-of-the--eirenit-eloser-from-left-to-right;-and-not-by-its-movement-in
the-opposite-direction:
The-details-of-this-construction,-which-is-desirable-for-simplicity-of-operation-are
omitted-from-Figure-6-as-not-absolutely belonging-to-the-above-invention. In-said
Figure-6-it-is-assumed-that-the-sub-station--S-desires--to--communicate-with-sub-
station-S2-and-the-connection-between--both--is-made,-the--sub-station-S²-called-and
the-elearing-out-annnneinter--switched--in-In-the-position-of-the-eirenit-eloser-U,
which-this-condition-of-affairs-assumes;-the-lateh-lever-Q-is-pressed-upward;-und-in
eonsequence-of-this--the-battery-B'-is-connected--with--the--conductor--18-over-the
magnet--M-contact-point: Y-spring-T-and-lever-T.-The-conductor 18-is-connected
with-the-sub-station-S-through-the--conductor-3-and-thereby-also-connected-to-the
eirenit-eleser-lever-H
A-contact-point--connected-to-the-earth-is--so--arranged--between--the--eontact
point-of-the-bell-2-and-that-of-the-telephone--F2-that--the--hook--H--during--its
movement-from-below-upward,-will-slide-over-said-point-E-and--thus--connect--the
conductor-3,-as-well-as-couductor -18-to-the-earth.
It-is-to-be-understood,-that-the-sub-station-bells--may--be-rung-in--any--desired
manner,-as by-the-central-station-operator switching--a-battery-onto-the-sub-station
eirenit. As-this-forms-no-part-of-my-present invention-no--specifie--description--or
illustration-of-such-mechanism-need-be-given.
So-soon-as-the-subseriber-at-sub-station-S-takes--the-telephone-F2-from-its-hook
for-the-purpose-of-beginning-the-desired-conversation,-the--earth--eirenit--is--elosed.
and-a-current-from-the-battery,-B',-flows-over-magnet-M,--contact--point-X,--spring
T-lever-T, lateh-lever-Q;-conductor-18,-the-point-of-the--plug-V,-the-spring-of-the
plugged-jaek-K³-conductor-3;-hook-H²-and-contnet-point-E²-to-the-earth-and--from
there-through-conductor-7-to-the-other-pole-of-the-battery-B'-and-thereby draws-up
the armature-of-the-magnet-M. In-this-manner-the-lateh-link-Q--is--set--free--and
then-is-drawn-down-by-the-spring-X²-so-that-thereupon-the-spring,--X-may--draw
the-lever-D-toward-the-left-and-bring-its-contact-point-D-against--the--arm--R²-of
the-lever-I,-whereby-finally-the-closing-of-the-register-eirenit,-including the register
Z-takes-place-The-course-of the-register-current-is-exeetly-as--in--Figure--5--and
need-not-therefore-be-repeated.
It-from-any-cause-whatever-the-subscriber-at-the-station-S²-fails--to--answer--the
sub-station-S¹,-a-closing-of-the-earth-eireuit--through--the-contact--piece--E₁,- takes
place,-which-would-result-in-a-release-of-the-levers-T-and-D;-and-therefore--a--false
registration,-unless-the-conductor-18-is-interrupted-between-the--lever--Q--and--the
eall-which-has-been-made, then upon-the-hanging-up-of--the--telephone--F--at--the
enlling-plug-A-by-the-operation-of-the-said-lever-Q. In-such-a-case-this-is-done-by
the operator-by-first-interrupting-the-register-eirevit, which-oeeurs-when--the--plug
A-is-drawn-out,-and-then-drawing-out-the-plug-V,-and-touching-its-point-against-a
grounded-conductor-at-the-central-station;-whereby-the-lever-T-is-released.
Finally-it-is-to-be-remarked-that-contact-points-D₁-and-P-are--required-for-pur.
poses-of-testing-as-in-Figure-5-and-as-will-be-understood-from--the--description--of
said Figures.
For-example, in-order-to-throw-the-testing-eireuit-onto-the-jack--sockets-of--con-
ductor-1,-the-conductor-16,-and-the-lever-D-must--always-be-in-connection-with-the

page_text: positive-pole-of-the-battery, B,-over-conductors-15;-6;-5-and-condenser-C.,
The-lever-D-produces-the-connection-with-conductor-o-in-such-a-ways-that-in-the
lever
lett-hand-position-of-said-lever D,-it-is-connected-with-conductor-5-over-the--double,
R, R-and-the-contact D',-in-the-right-hand-position,-over-lever-P-and-contact
D: The-testing-itself-takes-place-always-with-the-connection-plag-V-and-the-test
enèrent-goes-from-the-jack-socket-which-is-tonehed-to-the-tip-of-the--plug,--thenee
over-conductor,-18,-lever-Q-conductor,-20,-lever-II,-telephone-F-and-conductor--11
to-the-negative-pole-of-the-battery
Although by a proper operation of the above-described apparatus. a false
registration is practically excluded, yet as in practice errors may occasionally
occur which will require a negative operation of the register, in order to correct its
error, I provide a device for this purpose, which may be actuated by the operator
without inconvenience. This is shown in Figure 5, which figure corresponds in
general arrangement to the construction shown in Figure 1, the operation of the
register system being readily understood from the description heretofore given in
connection with said Figure 1.
The correcting or negative registering apparatus will now be described.
Referring to Figure 5, switches D1 D2 are inserted between the left-han
contact-points of the levers I of the circuit-changers U₁ Us and the conductors 6,6,
which lead to the positive pole of the register battery B. These switches D D are
arranged when in their normal positions to connect the said left-hand contact
points of levers I, with the said positive pole of the register battery B, and when
pressed downward; to contact with a point forming the terminal of a conductor 7
which leads to the negative pole of another battery B' which I will term the
correction battery.
By this arrangement if an error. has been made on one of the registers, it may be
corrected by pressing the corresponding switch D¹ or D2, thus sending a' reverse
current over the corresponding register and operating it in a negative direction,
the positive pole of the correction battery. B₁ being permanently connected
through conductor 14, with the negative pole of the register battery B in order that
the circuit may be complete. As, however, when the switches D¹ or D2 respectively
return to their normal position, the corresponding register circuit will again be
closed and again register another number, it is necessary to press downward the
switch D or D2 respectively," twice without allowing it to return to its normal
position between such two downward movements, whereby two negative registration
will be made, and then when the one positive registration is made by the return
of the respective switch D or D to its normal position one of the two negative
registrations will be counter-balanced and the final result in the register will be one
number less than before the correcting operation was commenced, which is here
assumed to be the result intended.
Instead of employing the switches D¹ D² a special plug connector X may be used,
which is connected to the conductor 7. By inserting this plug in one of the jacks
of the line whose register it is desired to operate negatively the current from the
correcting battery B₁ will be sent out over said register and the previous erroneous
registration deducted.
In a register apparatus employed in connection with such a correcting device
it is necessary that polarised armatures be used for the register magnets, and
either two register devices inust be employed for each system, one to record, the
positive registrations, and the other the negative registrations or errors made, or the
register must have two electro-magnets, these magnets being arranged to move
the register dials in opposite directions.
I am aware that it was not new at the date of filing of my patent application to
use registering devices which have their circuits completed, partly by inserting the plugs
at the exchange station and partly by the action of the subscribers in taking their,
telephones from the hooks, and I do not claim euch devices; but as distinguished from
these the register circuit according to my invention cannot be closed until after the
movement of a switch by the exchange operator.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven.
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a telephone exchange the combination with a number of jacks, a register-
circuit, not including the subscriber's line, but open at the jack and also open
at another point, open-at-the-jack-with-a-eirenit-eleser-at-another-point, a register
device included in said circuit, and means for energizing the circuit, of a plug
insertible in the jack and arranged to close the register circuit at that point, and
means including a switch worked by the exchange operator for closing the register.
circuit at the other point in such a way that the current is enabled to energize the
register.
2. In a telephone system, the combination with a jack, a register circuit open
at the jack with a circuit closer at another point, a register device included in said
circuit and means for energizing the circuit, of a plug insertible in the jack and
arranged to close the register circuit at that point, and means operated in,
completing the connections between sub-stations and arranged to close the
register circuit at the other in such a way that the current is enabled to energize
the register.
3. In-a-telephone-exchange, the-combination,-with-a-plurality-of-plugs-provided
with-two-terminals;-and-a-souree-of-electricity,--of--a--conductor--in--electrical--con-
or-the-like-included-in-said-conductor,-a-second-conductor--connected--to--the--other
pole-of-the-seures-of-electricity-and-also-connected-to-the--other--terminal--of--each
And-to-conneet-with-one-of-the-terminals-of-an-inserted-plug,-a-third--conductor--in
electrical-communication-with-the-same-pole-of-the-source-of--electricity--as--is--the
first-conductor-and-a-resistance-included-in-the-third--eondnetor-between-the-souree
neetion-with-one-terminal-ot-each-plug-and-with-one-pole-of-the source,-a-telephone
plug,-a-plurality of electrically-connected-jaek-devices,-arranged-to-receive-the-plugs
of-electricity-and-the jacks, whereby-upon-the-touching-of--another-jack-device-with
the other-terminal-et-another-plug-the-testing-eirerit-will-be-closed-
4. In-a-telephone-exchange,-the-combination-with-a-register-device,--a--register
eirenit-ineluding-the-register-device-and-the-corresponding-jacks--of-the--exchange
plugs-provided-with-means-included in-the-register-eirenit--for--insertion--into--the
respective jaeks,-whereby-the-register-eirenit-is-closed-at-the-jaeks;-a-testing-eireuit
in-parallel-with-the-register-circuit;-a-condenser--included--in--said--testing--circuit,
means-for-energising-both-circuits,-and-means-for-opening-and-elosing-the-register
and-testing-eirenits-alternately.
35. In a telephone-exchange, the combination with a register-device, a register-
circuit including the register-device and the corresponding jacks of the exchange
plugs provided with means, included in the register-circuit, for insertion into the
respective jacks, whereby the register-circuit is closed at the jacks, a testing
circuit in parallel with the register-circuit, a resistance included in said testing-
circuit, means for energizing both circuits, and means for opening and closing the
register and testing circuits alternately, substantially as described.
6. In-a-telephone-exchange,-the-combination-with--a--pair--of-sub--station--con-
dueters-a-register-eireuit, including-the-corresponding jacks-of-the-exchange,-and-à
art-of-the-sub-station-conductors-inside--the--jacks,--a--register--included--in--said
eireuit,-and-means-for-energizing-the-eirenit,-of-a-plug-having-a-portion-included-in
the-register-eirenit-and-arranged-when-inserted-in-the--eorresponding--jack--to--eut
out-the-sub-station-conductor-inside-the-jack-from-the-talking-eirenit;-and-elose-the
register-eireuit-over-said-ent-out-portion.
7. In-a-telephone-system-the-combination-with-sub-station-conductors-grounded
at-the-central-station-end,-a-plurality of register-eireuits-arranged-in--parallel--and
including-the-corresponding jacks-of-the-exchange,-and-a-part-of--the- sub--station
eonductors-inside-the-jacks;-a-plurality-of-registers-included-in-the-register--eirenits
and-in-parallel-with-each-other,-and-means-for--energizing--said--circuits,--of--plugs

page_text: each-having-a-portion-included-in-the-register-eirenit-and--arranged--when--inserted
in-the-corresponding-jaeks-to-cut-out-the-respective-sub-station-conductor-inside-the
jacks,-from-the-talking-eireuit-and-to-close-the-respective-register-eirenits-over-said
eut-out-portion,-a-calling annunciator-included-in-each-sub-station-conductor-inside
the-jacks-and-means-operated-by-each-register-for-cutting-its-own-sub-station--con-
dueter-from-the-ground-connection.
4 S. In a telephone-exchange, the combination with a register-circuit, a register
included therein, and a register-battery for energizing said circuit, of electro-
magnetic means for actuating the register in a negative direction, a correction
circuit including said means, a battery for energizing said correction-circuit, and a
switch for closing said correction circuit and opening the register-circuit, as described
with reference to Figure 5 of the drawings.
9. In-a-telephone-system,-the-combination,-with-a-jack-a-register--eireuit--open
at-the-jaek-with-a-circuit-eloser-at-another-peint,-a-register-device-included-in--said
eirenit, and-means-for-energizing-the-eirenit,-of-a-plug-insertible--in--the--jack--and
arranged-to-close-the-eireuit-at-that-point,-means-for-closing-the-register-eireuit--at
the-second-point-in-such-a-way;-that-the-current-is-enabled-to-energize.the-register
mechanism-operated-in-completing-the-connections-between-sub-stations-for-placing
in-operative-condition-the-said-means-for-closing-the--register--eireuit;--and--means
operated-by-the-subscriber-at-the-called-sub-station-for-setting in operation-the-said
register-circuit-elosing-means.
10. In-a-telephone-system;-the-combination-with-a-jack,-a-register--eireuit--open
at-the-jack-with-a-eirenit-eleser-at-another-point-a-register-included-in-said-circuit,
a-plug-insertible-in-the-jack-and-arranged-to-elose-the-register-eirenit-at-that-point,
e-talking-eirenit-including-the-plug-and-jaek-and-a-switch--arranged--to--elese--the
talking-eireuit-and-the-register-eirenit-at-the-second-point,-in-such-a-ways-that-the
eurrent-is-enabled-to-energise--the-register-of-mechanism-for-holding the-said-switch
epen--an--electro--magnet;-arranged---to--release--the--switch---from--said--holding
mechanism, means-operated-in-completing-the-connection--between-sub-stations-for
energizing the switch with its holding mechanism, and-means-included-in-the-talking
eirenit-for-netuating-the-electro-magnet-to-release-the-switch-whereby-the--talking
eireuit-and-the-register-eirenits-are-elosed:
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool.
Agents for the Applicant.