Improvements in Railway Wagons.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 20th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 5th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Railway Wagons.
I, ARTHUR LEWIS SHACKLEFORD, of Messrs. Brown Marshalls & Co. Ltd.,
of the Brittania Railway Carriage and Wagon Works, Birmingham in the
County of Warwick, Civil and Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of my said invention to be as follows:-
:-
My invention has for its object Improvements in Railway Wagons, and has
special reference to wagons which are required to discharge their contents over
bays or other parts directly through their bottom and which are known in the
trade as "hopper wagons." Much difficulty has been found in constructing wagons
of this class in such a manner that they will have free discharging properties in
combination with the necessary strength and endurance consequent thereupon.
There has also been difficulties experienced in properly operating the hopper doors.
Now my invention deals with these difficulties as follows:-
My wagons are constructed almost entirely of steel and wrought iron and in such
a manner that the various members and main portions of the wagon are in sympathy,
the one with the other, the whole of the parts being so united and braced together
as to render such mutual assistance as will enable the greatest strength to be
obtained from a certain weight of constructive material. The ends of my wagons
are formed so as to deliver the material to the doors which I will presently describe
by placing inclined inner ends therein supported in position and braced by Land
other irons and at such an inclination as to deliver the particular material they
are designed to carry through the bottom of the hopper thus formed. Where the
inclines meet the ends of the wagon, I bulge the ends out so as to increase the
carrying capacity of the wagon without interfering with the facilities for
discharging the contents. The wagon I am describing is one suitable for carrying
a load of ten tons and has two doors at the bottom of the hopper. The openings
leading to the doors are divided by a specially formed box girder which not only
divides the two delivering holes but it forms a substantial connecting link between
the framing and at the same time divides the contents of the wagon and guides the
same into the delivering holes. The doors at the bottom of the hopper are so
formed that their faces work truly against the edges of the openings so that no
lumps can get between and are carried by slides and between guides laid horizontally
and connected as a part of the framework. Each of the doors have a rack
mounted upon the underside thereof. Also across the end of the doors is mounted
a shaft in bearings having two pinions which gear one into each rack. At each
end of the shaft is a hand wheel so that the doors may be operated from one or
both sides. Or the shaft may if necessary be divided so that only one door will be
operated at a time. The guides or slides may be formed of iron with the upper
portion formed into a V running in corresponding grooves in the door or I may
mount friction wheels to make the doors run more freely.
The buffers and draw bars are fixed in the framing at each end and is stiffened
by diagonal supports the draw bar passing through the centre of the box girder
while the brakes are hung from the side framing.
Dated this 6th day of February 1894.
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Railway Wagons.
1, ARTHUR LEWIS SHACKLEFORD, of Messrs. Brown Marshalls & Co. Ltd.,
of the Brittania Railway Carriage and Wagon Works, Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Civil and Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object Improvements in Railway Wagons and has
special reference to wagons which are required to discharge their contents over
bays or other parts directly through their bottom and which are known in the
trade as "hopper wagons." Much difficulty has been found in constructing
wagons of this class in such a manner that they will have free discharging
properties in combination with the necessary strength and endurance consequent
thereupon. Now my invention deals with these difficulties as follows:-
My wagons are constructed almost entirely of steel and wrought iron and in
such a manner that the various members and main portions of the wagon are
in sympathy, the one with the other, the whole of the parts being so united
and braced together as to render such mutual assistance as will enable the
greatest strength to be obtained from a certain weight of constructive material.
The ends of my wagons are formed so as to deliver the material to the doors
which I will presently describe by placing inclined inner ends therein supported
in position and braced by L and other irons and at such an inclination as to
deliver the particular material they are designed to carry, through the. bottom
of the hopper thus formed. Where the inclines meet the ends of the wagon, 1
bulge the ends out so as to increase the carrying capacity of the wagon without
interfering with the facilities for discharging the contents. The wagon I am
describing is one suitable for carrying a load of ten tons and has two doors at
the bottom of the hopper. The openings leading to the doors are divided by a
specially formed box girder which not only divides the two delivering holes but it
forms a substantial connecting link between the framing and at the same time
divides the contents of the wagon and guides the same into the delivering holes. The
doors at the bottom of the hopper are so formed that their faces work truly against
the edges of the openings so that no lumps can get between and are carried by
slides and between guides laid horizontally and connected as a part of the frame-
work. Each of the doors have a rack mounted upon the underside thereof. Also
across the end of the doors is mounted a shaft in bearings having two pinions which
gear one into each rack. At each end of the shaft is a hand wheel so that the
doors may be operated from one or both sides. Or the shaft may if necessary be
divided so that only one door will be operated at a time. The guides or slides may
be formed of iron with the upper portion formed into a V running in corre-
sponding grooves in the door or I may mount friction wheels to make the doors run
more freely.
The buffers and draw bars are fixed into the framing at each end and is stiffened
by diagonal supports the draw bar passing through the centre of the box girder
while the brakes are hung from the side framing.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried
into practice I have appended hereunto three double sized sheets of drawings upon
which I have illustrated the nature of my said improvements.
Figure 1., is a part longitudinal side elevation and a part longitudinal section
through one of my railway wagons.
Figure 2., is a cross section through same.
Figure 3., is an enlarged longitudinal section through the door & supports.

page_text: Figure 5., is an enlarged cross sectional elevation of the rollers upon which the
door slides.
Figure 6., is an elevation of Figure 5.
Figure 7., is a similar cross sectional elevation to Figure 5 showing a
modification.
Figure 8., is an elevation of Figure 7.
In carrying my invention into effect I construct my wagon A with the inclined
ends a¹ which deliver the material contained in the wagon to the doors B the said ends.
being placed at such an inclination as to deliver the particular material which they
are designed to carry through the bottom of the hopper thus formed. The
ends a³ of the wagon A are bulged out so as to increase the carrying capacity
of the wagon without interfering with the facilities for discharging the contents..
The inclined ends are supported by the angle iron at and the whole is so braced
together so as to enable the greatest strength to be obtained from the least weight.
of constructive material. Two doors B are provided at the bottom of the hopper,
the openings leading to the doors being divided by the box girder a' which forms.
a substantial connection link between the framing at each end and partially divides
the contents of the wagon and assists to deliver the same into the delivery holes B.
The doors B at the bottom are mounted upon the angle irons 62 and travel upon the
rollers E which lie in recesses d' formed in the angle iron D or they may be
mounted as shown by Figures 7 and 8 where the friction wheels H are mounted on
the angle iron 62 of the doors B so as to run upon the bar K which may be flanged.
iron for strength which is so shaped, on its surface to a V of any angle or a round
surface, as not to allow any accumulation of the contents of the wagon and is
bolted on to the angle irons F which forms part of the general framework of the
wagon. The doors are protected from jamming through any lumps getting in the
joints by the angle irons F which have their top flanges overhanging the edges
of the door which thus work truly against the undersides of the said angle irons..
Each of the doors B have a rack mounted upon the underside thereof and across
the one end of the doors the shafts C are mounted in suitable bearing and carry
the pinions c¹ which engage with the racks b', the hand wheel c² being provided
for the operation of the doors. It will thus be seen that there is very little friction
when opening the doors with the weight on and that the minimum amount of
labor is required to discharge this while the doors may be only partly opened and
then closed, thus enabling the contents of the wagon to be unloaded as required.
The shafts C may be in one length instead of two when required. The doors are
secured when closed by a pin and chain or any other suitable fastening and can be
opened and closed without the necessity of any person going underneath the wagon
and thereby endangering life. I do not of course claim any novelty in such parts.
of wagons as the wheels, springs, and their mountings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The improvements in railway hopper wagons which are specially designed
for conveniently discharging their contents with a minimum amount of manual
labor substantially as herein set forth and as illustrated upon the accompanying
drawings.
2nd. In railway hopper wagons the mode of mounting the doors B and the means
for operating the same substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth and as
shown upon the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 19th day of February 1894.
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent.