IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR FILTERING WATER OR OTHER. LIQUIDS
Year: 1884

page_text: I JOHN PERKINS JACKSON of the Office for Patents 6 Lord Street Liverpool in
the County of Lancaster Wine Merchants' Engineer do hereby declare the nature
of this Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR FILTERING WATER OR
OTHER. LIQUIDS" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying
Drawings in which Figure 1 is a vertical section of a complete filter suitable for
domestic purposes; Figure 2 is a vertical section of a pocket filter according to
this Invention; Figure 3 is a plan of Figure 2. Like letters represent like parts.
Referring to Figure 1 A is the outer case or body of the filter, B is an inner
chamber tapered or conical towards its lower end, and having a groove B₁ all round
it, in which the bag C of asbestos cloth or other suitable. material may be secured
by a cord or equivalent as shewn, B² are openings in the conical end of B, but by
preference stop short at B³ so as to leave a small portion through which no liquid
can pass perforations may be employed instead of the openings but the latter are
preferred.
The conical chamber D hangs inside B; it has a small opening at its point D¹
and an inwardly projecting rim or open diaphragm D2 a little way from the point.
The action of this filter is as follows-In the first instance when liquid is poured
into the chamber D finely divided filtering material such as powdered animal,
vegetable, or mineral charcoal (which may also be combined with lime) or paper
pulp is mixed with it and as it runs through the asbestos cloth or other material it
leaves a fine filtering substance in the meshes and upon the surface of the cloth..
If the chamber B were perforated all the way to the top. the carbonaceous material
would not be deposited to the top and when the filter was subsequently used a
portion of the water if filled up to the top would pass through without touching
the carbonaceous material; it is therefore important to make the upper portion of
the chamber with solid walls. Afterwards the liquid is poured into the chamber D
and strikes upon the rim D³ which serves to receive and check the rush of the
liquid as it is poured into the filter. It then runs down through the hole D' into
the lower portion of B rising in it according to the amount poured in. It is
desirable to have the tip of B below the line B³ solid as otherwise the water or

page_text: other fluid would soon wear away the filtering material in a direct line with the
hole D¹ and thus render the filter useless.
Where the liquid is very foul the chamber D may be dispensed with and a
portion of B filled with course granular charcoal or equivalent.
The various receptacles A. B. and D may be made of earthenware glass or the
like or of metal and may be of any convenient shape and size; for instance round
as shewn or extended like a long trough.
The use of these filters is of course not confined to domestic purposes.
Figures 2 and 3 shew the filter arranged for the pocket, the construction and
action are similar to that just described, but it is by preference made entirely of
metal; B is the top chamber into which the water is poured. A is the chamber
into which it percolates through the perforated or open cone B3 which is encased in
an asbestos bag as before. This cone is preferably filled with granular charcoal
which is kept in place by the perforated plate E. The chamber A draws off B so
as to serve as a cup. F is a cap or cover to close the chamber, B. The shape of
this pocket filter can of course be varied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what.
I claim is,
1. The chamber or funnel D having a small opening D¹ at its lower end and the
rim or open diaphragm D2, substantially as described and for the purpose
specified.
2. The chamber B with solid walls above and open or perforated below,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth and shewn in Figure 1 of the
accompanying Drawings.
"
3. The pocket filter consisting essentially of the chamber B (perforated or open
at B which is covered with asbestos cloth or equivalent and filled with
granular charcoal or the like the latter being retained in place by the
perforated plate E) and removable cup chamber A, substantially as set forth
and shewn in Figure 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Dated this 5th day of May 1884.