Improvements in the Manufacture of Bottles and other Hollow-ware in Glass and in the Machinery for the same.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Mar., 1887.
Complete Left, 16th Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 16th Dec., 1887
Improvements in the Manufacture of Bottles and other Hollow-ware
in Glass and in the Machinery for the same.
I HOWARD MATRAVERS ASHLEY of Ferrybridge in the County of York Machinist
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
And that it relates to and is an improvement of my invention number 1472786.
1 now construct a mould (a Bottle mould for instance) with two or more openings or
divisions so that it may be in as many parts as I may require, whereas in my specifi-
cation cited above I say only two openings. I also find by experiment that it is
sometimes necessary to have the collar there described in two or more parts and each
part attached to some machinery or device by which all the parts can be brought
together at pleasure so as to form the perfect figure or shape required and parted again
when the Bottle or **
parison" is made. 1 also find it convenient in some cases to
have the plug (which I there describe) hollow, and having one or more holes in it so
that air, steam, or gas may pass down it, into the middle or interior of the molten
glass when the plug or punch is projected into the bottle mould (or parison mould)
through the collar as there described I also find it necessary in some cases not to put
the molten glass directly into the bottle mould but to put it first into another receptacle
to give it its first form which receptacle I call a Bloom" mould or "Parison" mould
and afterwards into the Bottle mould, this last process being in lieu of the pressing of
the glass into the Bottle mould as described in my previous specification above referred
to. I also find it necessary to arrange some of the parts of the machinery or of the
moulds for forming the Bottle on a revolving stand or table or on a sliding bench or
gantry in such a manner, as shall admit of a number of the parts being interchange-
able, as for instance, I might have two or more parison moulds working round on the
revolving stand, so that each in turn comes under the punch by which the opening is
formed in the neck of the Bottle. By this means time will be saved in manufacture
as any number of bottles can be in progress at one and the same time. I also find it
necessary to collect the glass, in some cases, in a crucible or other vessel, preferably
composed of Plumbago or other fire proof material that will allow of the metal
annealing itself before being put into the Parison or Bottle mould by which process
the mass of metal is also made of equable temperature throughout and as a consequence
the bottle should be of almost uniform thickness.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Bottles and other Hollowware
in Glass and in the Machinery for the same.
I, HOWARD MATRAVERS ASHLEY of Ferrybridge in the County of York Machinist,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
This invention relates to improvements upon my invention described in the
Specification of my Patent No. 147278 the object being to render the said former
invention more perfect.
I annex a sheet of drawings in order that these improvements may be clearly
understood, in which
Fig. 1. represents a "Parison" mould in section.
Fig. 2. a revolving bottle making Machine.
Fig. 3. side elevation of slide bottle making machine.
Fig. 4. front elevation of same machine.
Similar letters of referance indicate similar parts in any of the figures in which
they occur.
In carrying out my present improvements as applied to the manufacture of bottles,
to which it is especially adapted, I make the mould A, to divide into as many parts as
I find desirable instead of only two as formerly described in my Patent No. 14727,
1886, and I also find by experiments and actual practice that it is sometimes necessary
to have the true plate or collar B, made in two or more parts, such parts being secured
to sliding portions of the framework so that the said collar can be opened and closed
at pleasure, thus enabling the bottle or the parison as the case may be, to be moulded
to shape, and to be readily released.
In Figs. 3 and 4, I have shown both the mould A, and the collar plato divided in
two parts, the dotted lines indicate the halves of mould when opened or separated,
the parts of collar plate B are attached to two slides P and P', the said slides may be
operated by foot levers or by other well understood means, which it is not necessary
to describe or illustrate.
I make the punch D, hollow and provided with inlets for the admission of air, steam,
or gas, and which are indicated in the sectional elevation of a parison mould Fig. 1,
by the letters QQ The hollow punch is marked D, and is shown partly in section,
*I being a plug with its front end fitting and closing the hole S in the end of the punch,
when it is pushed forward from the other end which is arranged to project through
the punch, and is provided with a handle or other equivalent means of forcing it forward
and drawing it back again. When put into operation, the plug R, is pushed forward
until it closes the hole 'S and the pin V attached to it reaches the end of the slot W,
the punch D is then carried forward into the molten glass, and the return action being
commenced the hole S is opened permitting air to pass through. The pin V comes in
contact with the opposite end of the slot W, and the punch is withdrawn.
Instead of putting the molten glass directly into the bottle mould, it is often
advisable to give to it a preparatory or partly formed shape, and I accomplish this in a
suitable mould such as shown in Fig. 1, which I call a Parison-mould, the forming of

page_text: the parison or bloom, is very similar to the process of moulding a bottle, and when made
it is placed in the bottle mould and completed. The use of a parison-mould, dispences
with the process of pressing the molten glass into the bottle-mould as described in my
previous Specification, above referred to.
Fig. 2, is an illustration of a revolving frame consisting of four arms Y (for example)
carried upon a hollow or tubular standard T, each arm fitted with a moulding apparatus
such as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, and constructed for moulding parisons, or perfect
bottles as desired; for example I could have arranged a parison-mould and a bottle-
mould alternately and so that each mould in turn would be brought under the action
of a punch, or each apparatus could carry its own punch as preferred. This novel
arrangement of a fixed standard (or a pendant) carrying a number of moulding
apparatus capable of revolving, as described enables the operator to economise his
time, by reason of the number of bottles that can be in process of manufacture at one
and the same time. It will be understood that the details omitted in Fig. 2, are
omitted to prevent confusion. The arms Y work or revolve upon a fitted or machined
part of the standard T, which somewhat resembles the plug of a Tap inasmuch as it
communicates with the interior air passage of the standard, and also with the blow-
pipes U in each of the revolving arms Y, connected with the bottle moulds, in such a
imanner that air can be admitted or withdrawn from the mould at any position.
In order that the inolten-glass when required for use, may be perfectly annealed
and of an equal temperature throughout, I take a sufficient quantity from the glass
tank, and put it in a crucible or like vessel preferably made of plumbago or of other
refractory material, and placed in a convenient position inside the furnace mouth and
from which the molten glass may be taken for use as required; glass so treated and
annealed, ensures uniformity in the thickness of the bottles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1-In Apparatus for the manufacture of bottles and other glass hollowware, the
use of a hollow duplex punch (such as D) for the purpose specified, and constructed
substantially as hereinbefore described and shown.
2-In the manufacture of bottles and other glass hollowware, the construction and
use of a Parison mould, such as shown in Fig. 1, for the purpose herein before specified.
3-In the process of manufacturing bottles and other glass hollow-ware, the
construction and use of a revolving frame, carrying a number of bottle moulding
machines, or parison moulds, or both-for the purpose herein before specified, and
described, and shown.
4 In the manufacture of bottles, and other hollow-ware of glass, the use of an
intermediate annealing crucible or vessel, to receive molten glass taken from the tank,
and from which the moulds are filled for the purpose herein before specified.
5 The combination with a bottle making machine, of a blow pipe carried by a
revolving frame, and so arranged and constructed as to be always in communication
with the exhaust or air supply for the purpose specified, and substantially as herein-
before described.
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