Improvements in Type Writers.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 28th Apr., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type Writers.
A communication from abroad by WYCKOFF, SEAMANS & BENEDICT, of
327, Broadway, New York City, New York, United States of America, a
corporation organized under the laws of the State of New York.
I, JOHN CORRY FELL, of the Firm of Fell & Wilding, of 1 Queen Victoria
Street, in the City of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be perforined to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its main objects to provide efficient means for moving an
inking ribbon automatically both lengthwise and widthwise, and also for shifting
the inking ribbon laterally, in machines provided with a plurality of types on each
bar, in order that the upper and lower case types may strike at the same place on
the ribbon; and to these main ends the improvements consist in the various
features of construction and combinations of devices hereinafter more fully described
and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
66
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 represents, in plan view, the several improvements, enough of a
Remington No. 2" type writing machine being exhibited to illustrate the
application thereto of the invention.
Figure 2 is a vertical section taken at the line x, x of Figure 1, with part of the
platen-carrier added.
and
Figure 3 is a similar section taken at the line y, y of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a sectional end view taken at the left hand side of the machine.
Figure 5 is a plan view of the actuating cam developed.
Figure 6 is a diagrammatic view, showing the lines in which the ribbon is used;
Figure 7 is a detail view.
"
In order to simplify the views we have omitted the key levers, connecting rods,
escapement mechanism, etc., and have shown only one type bar and a portion of
the paper-carriage and platen-carrier of the well-known "Remington No. 2'
machine, to which we have applied the improvements in practice, and to which said
improvements are more especially adapted, although some of them may be employed
in other kinds or constructions of machines.
In the several views the same parts will be found designated by the same
numerals of reference.
66
"
"
case
1 designates the top-plate, and 2 the type-ring of a Remington No. 2
machine. Upon said type ring are secured in the usual manner the type-bars or
levers having each two types, commonly designated "
and "lower"
upper
types. 3 is an inking ribbon connected at one end to a spool 4 on the right hand
side of the machine, and at the other end to a spool 5 on the left hand side of the
machine, and adapted to travel across the machine, from one spool to the other,
centrally of the type-ring and beneath the usual platen.
The spool 4 is mounted to turn with a shaft 6 supported in hangers 7 depending
from the top-plate. The said hangers are hook-shaped at their lower ends and
form partial bearings for the shaft. The remainder of each bearing is formed
by a latch-piece 8, pivoted at 9 upon the hanger and provided with a spring 10,
which serves to keep said latch-piece in proper position, to co-operate with the
bearing in its associated bracket, and thus properly support the ribbon-spool

page_text: shaft. By this construction the ribbon-spool and its shaft may, when desired,
be removed from the machine. On the rear end of the spool shaft 6 is a crown
wheel 11, with which is adapted to engage one or more teeth 12 (preferably two)
on a driving shaft 13 arranged at right angles to the spool-shaft 6, the said teeth
forming a partial or incomplete gear.
Secured to the top-plate, or a projection therefrom, is a spring-arm 14, which is
formed or provided with a detent 15 adapted to engage the crown wheel 11 on the
said shaft 6 and prevent the same and its ribbon spool from rotating in a direction
opposite to that in which the ribbon spool is winding. The said arm 14 is provided
with a downwardly bent extension or finger 16, which in one position of the arm 14
(riz., that shown at Figure 3) is adapted to rest upon an enlargement or collar 17
on said shaft and hold the detent 15 out of engagement with said crown wheel.
The ribbon spool 5 on the left is splined on a shaft 18, which is held in bearings
in depending brackets 19, and which at its rearmost end is provided with a crown
wheel 20, adapted to be engaged by a tooth or teeth 21 (preferably two) on a
collar 22 fast on said shaft 13, said teeth forming a partial or incomplete gear
wheel. In order to prevent said shaft 18 from rotating too freely a spring 23
secured at 24 to one of the hangers 19 bears at its free end in a groove in said
shaft. A spring arm 25, attached in a manner. similar to the spring-arm 14 and
formed with a detent 26, is provided to prevent the crown wheel 20 and its
spool from turning backward when the mechanism is adjusted for said spool to
wind the ribbon upon itself. The said arm 25 is provided with an extension or
bent finger 27, which is adapted to be acted upon by the collar 22 to lift said
detent out of engagement with its crown wheel, in order that the spool may rotate
⚫ in a reverse direction and pay off the ribbon previously wound thereupon.
The shaft 13 is mounted in bearings in hangers 28 and 29, the latter being
bifurcated to receive between its forks a toothed wheel 30, which is mounted upon
the shaft 13. The shaft 13 is provided with a longitudinal groove 31 at its left
hand portion, and the toothed wheel 30 is provided with a feather 31 which enters
said groove, whereby the said wheel may turn with said shaft, and the shaft may
be moved longitudinally independent of said wheel. The said wheel is provided
with gear teeth on its bevel portion; and with ratchet teeth on its circular portion
or perimeter, and with the latter engages a detent or dog 32, pivoted on a block
secured to the hanger 29, and provided with a spring 33 to keep said detent always
in engagement with said ratchet teeth, by which the shaft 13 may turn in one
direction only. With the beveled teeth of the wheel 30 engages a bevel gear 34,
mounted axially, but independently, of a spring driving-drum 35, and formed or
provided with a ratchet wheel 36, with which engages a spring actuated driving
pawl 37 pivoted at 38 upon the spring drum. The spring drum is provided with
a strap or band 39, which is secured to some part of the carriage, a portion of
which is represented at 40. As in the Remington carriage feed, these devices
operate to turn the shaft 13 step-by-step during the travel of the carriage from
right to left and permit the said shaft to remain at rest during the return movement
of the carriage from left to right.
On the shaft 13 near its left hand end is mounted a grooved cam 41, which has a
feather to engage the groove 31 in said shaft, in order that the cam may turn with
the shaft and the shaft be moved lengthwise independently of the cam. The outer
end of the cam is provided with a short neck 42 and a circular flange 43, thus
forming between the flange and the end of the cam a groove, into which enters a
latch or hook 44 formed on an arm 45, pivoted at 46 in a bracket extending from
one of the uprights or posts of the main-frame. The said latch or hook prevents
any outward or inward movement of the cam on the shaft 13, and hence maintains
the same always in its proper position, notwithstanding the longitudinal movements
of the shaft 13.
The said shaft 13 is provided with two grooves 47 and 48, into either of which
may take a latch 49 formed integral or rigid with the latch 44. The latch 49 is
provided to hold the shaft 13 positively in either of the two positions to which it

page_text: may be moved.
In the position shown at Figure 3, the latch 49 engages the
groove 47, and the shaft 13 is locked in a position to drive the left hand spool.
By lifting said latch and pushing the shaft 13 endwise the groove 48 may be
brought into the plane of the latch, and the latter then dropped therein to hold the
shaft in its shifted position, and in a position to drive the right hand spool. The
hook or latch 44 is considerably longer than that marked 49, in order that the
raising of the latch 49, to effect a longitudinal movement of the shaft 13, may not
result in simultaneously unlocking the cam, both latches swinging from the same
pivot or center 46. In addition to elongating the hook or latch 44, the spring
arın 25 is so attached to the top-plate as to hang immediately over the upper end
of the latch and prevent it from being lifted to an extent sufficient to detach it
from the cam. The latch can be entirely swung away from the cam only after
removing the screw 50, which holds the arm 25. Thus, there is no liability of a
derangement of the parts. Ou the left hand end of the shaft 13 is a crank 51, by
which the shaft 13 and the devices' mounted thereon may be turned independently
of any movements of the paper-carriage or the spring drum.
Engaging with the cam 41 is an arm or lever 52, which is connected to a vertical
pivot 53, adapted to turn in a tubular bearing 54 screwed into the top-plate and
depending therefrom. The lower end of the pivot 53 is squared on two sides, and
the front end of the arm or lever 52 is cut out to match the shape of the lower end
of the pivot and is fitted thereupon, an upwardly-projecting screw 55 preventing
the arm or lever from dropping off said pivot. The upper end of said pivot 53 is
likewise squared on two sides, and upon the same is fitted a plate 56 having an
aperture to match. (See Figure 7.) Upon said plate lies another plate 57, which
is provided with a round perforation, through which passes downwardly a screw 58,
whose shank enters a threaded hole in the pivot 53, and whose head bears down
upon the upper surface of the plate 57. Immediately beneath the head of the
screw and formed integral therewith is a circular collar or flange 59, which fills the
perforation in the plate 57, and which bears on its underside against the end
upper
or shoulder of the pivot 53. By the means described the plates 56 and 57 are
rigidly connected to the pivot 53 and turn therewith.
The plate 57 projects inwardly towards the center of the machine, and at its free
end, over an opening 60 in the top-plate, is forked to provide bearings 61 for a
cross pin or bar 62, upon which, between the forks, is pivoted an arm 63, which
extends inwardly past the center of the machine. At the center the arm is provided
with a large opening 64 for the passage of the types, and at either side of the said
opening it is provided with a ribbon-guide 65. The arm 63 is provided on its
underside with a spring plate 66, which engages the under, flat side of the pivot
pin or bar 62, about which the arm 63 may be swung up to a vertical position to
raise the inking ribbon to a height such that the type may be conveniently cleaned
or the type bars repaired. The spring plate 66 holds the arm in either its normal
or raised position.
At each end of the pivot pin or bar is secured by. a screw 67, an arm 68, which
extends down to the outside of the ribbon spool head 5.
The plate 57 and the arm 63 together may be designated the ribbon carrier, since
in the transverse movements of the ribbon, they operate practically as one. The
arms 68 move the spool slightly back and forth on its shaft during the vibrations of
the ribbon carrier.
The arm or lever which serves to vibrate the ribbon carrier through the rotations
of the cam, is provided preferably at the end which engages with the cam, with an
anti-friction roller 69.
Before proceeding to describe the means for shifting the ribbon laterally at the
time of the shift for the upper case types, we will describe the operation of the
mechanism herein before described for effecting the longitudinal and transverse
movements of the ribbon during the use of the machine. In the several views, the
main or driving shaft 13 is shown shifted to effect a winding of the ribbon upon the
left hand spool. The ribbon is wound upon said spool periodically; that is to say,

page_text: at the end of the transverse movement of the ribbon in each direction. As the
carriage moves from right to left during use, the shaft 13 is rotated in the direction
of the arrow at Figure 4, and one of the teeth 21 at each half revolution of the said
shaft engages a tooth of the crown wheel 20 and turns it and the ribbon spool
shaft 18 and its spool one step, or the distance of one tooth, and winds upon said
spool a portion of the ribbon equal about to the width of one type face. The pins
or teeth 21, being set diametrically opposite to each other, of course operate to turn
the ribbon spool twice during one complete revolution of the shaft 13, and the
movements are so timed that they occur at the end of the movement of the ribbon
widthwise in each direction. But, if it be desired to move the ribbon lengthwise
only once during a complete revolution of the shaft 13, or once for a complete back
and forth movement of the ribbon transversely, then of course only one pin or
tooth 21 will be employed. When the spool 5 may have been filled, or before if
desired, the ribbon may be wound back upon the spool 4 by lifting the latch 43 and
pushing the shaft 13 towards the right, as before explained, and this operation will
throw out of gear the teeth 21 and crown wheel 20, and into gear or operative
relation the teeth 12 and the crown wheel 11, and thereafter during the rotations of
the shaft 13 the ribbon will be wound from the spool 5 onto the spool 4 by the
periodic rotations of its shaft through the intermittent actions of the teeth 12 upon
the crown wheel 11. As explained of the pins or teeth 21, the pins or teeth 12 are
arranged diametrically opposite.
In shifting the shaft 13 back and forth for changing the direction of the
longitudinal feed of the ribbon, the detents 15 and 26 are alternately engaged and
disengaged from their respective crown wheels. When the shaft 13 is pushed
endwise towards the right the collar 22, acting on the inclined arm 27, operates to
lift the same and raise the detent 26 out of the plane of the crown wheel and to
hold the same in such raised position until the shaft is pulled back again. The
collar 17 acts upon the arm 16 to free the detent 15 from its associated crown
wheel in a like manner, as will be apparent from an inspection of Figure 3. In
order to permit of the necessary movement of the collar 22 when the shaft 13 is
moved towards the right the bracket 29 is cut-away or hollowed out at 70 to
accommodate said collar.
As will be seen, the cam 41 is a duplex one, capable of moving the lever 52 first
in one direction and then back during one complete revolution of the cam or the
shaft 13. In the positions of the parts shown at Figure 1, the cam is acting to
move the lever 52 towards the right and by reason of the connection of the ribbon
carrier with the said lever, said carrier is oscillated and the ribbon moved forward.
At the end of this forward movement of the ribbon-carrier and ribbon, the ribbon
is moved lengthwise, as before explained, and during such lengthwise movement of
the ribbon there is preferably a cessation of widthwise movement of the ribbon.
This is effected by providing the cam with a flat or inactive portion 71 at diametrically
opposite points, and when said flat portions arrive at the anti-friction roller of the
lever 52, the vibration of said lever ceases, and at the same moment the means for
moving the ribbon lengthwise come into play. Immediately this movement has
been concluded, the inclined portion or the other half of the cam commences to
act on the lever 52 and to gradually vibrate said lever towards the left and cause
the ribbon carrier to oscillate, and the ribbon to move rearwardly step-by-step. At
the completion of this movement of the ribbon and simultaneously with the arrival
of the opposite flat portion of the cam in line with the anti-friction roller of the
lever 52, the means for moving the ribbon lengthwise again come into action.
Thus, the ribbon is moved step-by-step widthwise (in accordance with the step-by-
step movement of the paper-carriage) first in one direction and then in the opposite
direction, the types using its surface transversely in substantially straight lines, at
right angles to its edges, and at the end of each said widthwise movement the
ribbon is moved or fed longitudinally for the purpose of putting into use a fresh
field or portion, all as represented by the diagram at Figure 6.
As no movement of the ribbon takes place during the return of the carriage

page_text: towards the right, the entire surface of the ribbon may be utilized, no matter what
may be the length of the lines written.
When it may be desired to wind the ribbon quickly from one spool on to the
other for the purpose of changing ribbons, or removing old or adding new ones, the
crank 51 may be turned by hand as rapidly as desired.
As shown, the ribbon passes up from the spool 5 over the top of the ribbon
carrier arm 63, thence underneath the guides 65 and over a fixed guide-plate 72 at
the right hand side of the machine, and thence down through an opening in the top-
plate to the spool 4. We have found in practice that one vibratory ribbon-carrier
is all that is needed, though if desired two may be used.
The spool 5 is carried a short distance on its shaft 18 first by one arm 68 and
then by the other, according to the direction of oscillation of the ribbon-carrier, to
which said arms are connected. By providing for the movement of the ribbon
spool 5, as described, the ribbon may be wound onto and unwound from said spool
without wrinkling or buckling.
We will now describe the means for shifting the ribbon widthwise during use of
upper case characters.
The plate 56 (which is an arm or lever) is provided with a slot 73 at its forward
end, and at said slot are connected, by a screw-pin or pivot 74, a link 75, and a
link 76, the former preferably passing over the plate and the latter under the
same, a circular washer or filler 77 being placed at the forward end of the slot,
and the screw or pivot pin 74 passing through coinciding holes in the link 75
and washer, and its threaded point entering a threaded hole in the link 76.
"
The link 75 at its front end is connected by a screw or pin 78 to a shift rod
or rail 79, which as usual in the Remington No. 2" machine, may be mounted
upon bell-cranks or bent levers 80, connected to shift-keys at the key-board.
The platen carrier 81, which in the Remington No. 2" machine is adapted to
inove back and forth in the main carriage, is connected to the said shift-rod or
rail 79 by yoke-pieces or hooks 82 in the usual way so that when said rail is
shifted rearwardly the platen carrier is caused to move in the same direction
and to return with it when the shift-key is released. It will of course be under-
stood that in the forward position of the platen carrier only the lower case
types or characters 83 are adapted to strike the paper on the platen, and that
in the rearward shifted position of the platen-carrier only the upper case types
or characters 84 are adapted to strike the paper on the platen. Hence, when
it may be desired to use upper case characters, the shift-key is actuated, the
shift-rod is moved rearwardly to the dotted line position shown at Figure 1, and
through said shift-rod the line being printed is moved back to coincide with the
center at which all of the upper case characters strike.
The link 76 is pivoted at 85 to the plate 57 and extends laterally and forwardly.
to the pivot pin 74. The slot 73 in the plate 56 is slightly inclined to form a cam
or inclined plane, and when the shift-rod is moved rearwardly the washer or filler
travels in said slot, and operates through its connection with the link 76 to oscillate
the plate 57 and the arm 63, comprising the ribbon-carrier, about the pivot or
axis 53, and thus throw the ribbon, at the vicinity of the printing point, rearwardly,
as shown by the dotted lines at Figure 1. The parts are so proportioned that
this movement of the ribbon widthwise is about equal to the distance between the
two types on a bar, as indicated at Figure 1, and hence an upper and lower case
type may strike the ribbon at the same spot.
When the ribbon is thus shifted rearwardly through the shift-rod, the plate 56,
the pivot 53, and the arm or lever 52 remain motionless, and only the plate 57 and
the arm 63 with their attachments move, the plate 57 being free to swing axially
and independently of the pivot 53.
By shifting the ribbon laterally with the platen neither type can be uncovered
and thus fail to print, a narrower ribbon may be used, the ribbon may be more
evenly exhausted, may yield a greater number of impressions, and may secure
uniformity in the printing, thus improving the quality of the work performed.

page_text: When the ribbon is moved widthwise step-by-step during the operation of the
machine, the plate 56 oscillates and the link 75 is vibrated, and the link 76
reciprocated, thus positively operating said ribbon-carrier.
Various changes in detail construction and arrangement may be made without
departing from the main features of the improvements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a type writing machine, in which the ribbon has a step-by-step widthwise
movement, the combination of a ribbon-spool, a gear wheel operatively connected
to said spool, and a driving shaft having one or more teeth to intermittently
engage said gear wheel and turn said spool and move the ribbon longitudinally at
or about the end of the widthwise movement of the ribbon.
2. In a type writing machine, in which the ribbon has a step-by-step width wise
movement, the combination of a ribbon spool a gear wheel operatively connected
thereto, and a driving-shaft arranged at right angles to the axis of said ribbon-
spool and carrying one or more teeth to intermittently turn said ribbon-spool.
3. In a type writing machine, in which the ribbon has a step-by-step widthwise
movement, the combination of a ribbon-spool, a ribbon-spool shaft, a gear wheel
mounted on said shaft, a driving shaft arranged at right angles thereto, and one or
more teeth carried by said shaft adapted to intermittently turn said gear wheel
and partially rotate said ribbon-spool.
4. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, a ribbon-spool, a
ribbon-spool shaft provided with a gear wheel, and a driving shaft arranged at
right angles thereto and carrying one or more teeth adapted to intermittently turn
said gear wheel and partially rotate said ribbon spool.
5. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, a ribbon-spool,
a ribbon-spool shaft provided with a gear wheel, a detent for said wheel, and a
driving shaft arranged at right angles to said spool shaft and revolving normally
independent of or disconnected from said spool-shaft and provided with one or
more teeth which periodically only engage and partially turn said gear wheel.
6. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, a pair of ribbon
spools, a pair of ribbon-spool shafts, a pair of gear wheels on each of said shafts,
and a driving shaft having an end wise movement and provided at two points with
one or more teeth for engagement with each of said gear wheels, whereby either
ribbon-spool may be intermittently turned.
7. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, a pair of ribbon-
spools, a pair of ribbon-spool shafts, provided each with a gear wheel, a driving
shaft arranged at right angles thereto and adapted to slide longitudinally, a detent
for each of said gear wheels, one or more teeth on said, driving shaft for inter-
mittently turning each of said gear wheels and rotating said ribbon spools one at a
time, and means for automatically disengaging one of said detents and re-engaging
the other during the sliding movements of said driving shaft.
8. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, a ribbon-spool, a
ribbon-spool shaft, a gear wheel, a detent therefor mounted on a spring-actuated
arm, one or more teeth on said driving shaft for intermittently turning said gear
wheel and its spool, and a collar or enlargement for disengaging the detent.
9. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, a ribbon-spool, a
ribbon spool shaft provided with a crown wheel, a detent mounted on a spring-
actuated arm having an inclined or cam portion, a driving shaft having one or
more teeth to intermittently turn said crown gear, and a collar or enlargement on
said driving shaft.
10. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, a ribbon-carrier,
adapted to oscillate about a vertical pivot or axis, a horizontally-arranged arm or
lever connected to said pivot and said ribbon-carrier, a driving shaft, a cam mounted
on said shaft and acting directly on said arm or lever to oscillate the ribbon-

page_text: carrier, a ribbon-spool shaft arranged at right angles to said driving shaft and
mounted in bearings in the framework independently of said ribbon-carrier and.
arm or lever, and a ribbon-spool mounted on said ribbon-spool shaft.
11. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, a vertically-pivoted
ribbon-carrier, an arm or lever connected thereto, a driving shaft, a cam on said
shaft, a spool shaft arranged at right angles to said driving shaft, and means.
connected with said ribbon-carrier for sliding the ribbon-spool endwise during the
oscillations of the ribbon-carrier.
12. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, a ribbon-carrier
consisting of the forked plate 57 and the arm 63 hinged between the forks of said:
plate, a vertical pivot for said ribbon-carrier, a horizontally-arranged arm or lever
connected to said ribbon-carrier, a driving shaft, a cam thereon acting directly
on said arm or lever to oscillate said ribbon-carrier, a spool-shaft, and a
ribbon-spool.
13. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, a ribbon-spool,
and a vertically pivoted oscillatory ribbon-carrier consisting of the forked plate 57
and the arm 63 hinged within the fork of the said plate and extending inwardly
longitudinally of the ribbon past the center of the machine and provided with an
opening for the passage of the types and provided with a ribbon guide on each
side of said opening.
14. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, an oscillatory
ribbon-carrier, a ribbon-spool, a gear connected thereto, and a driving shaft provided
with a partial gear to intermittently turn said ribbon-spool at or about the end of
the oscillation of said ribbon-carrier in one direction.
15. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, an oscillatory
ribbon-carrier, a ribbon-spool shaft, a gear wheel on said shaft, a driving shaft,.
and a partial gear on said shaft for intermittently turning said ribbon-spool gear.
16. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, an oscillatory
ribbon carrier, an arm or lever connected thereto, a driving shaft, a cam on said
shaft, a ribbon-spool, a gear wheel connected thereto, and a partial gear on said.
driving shaft.
17. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon-spools, a pair of ribbon-spool shafts having each a gear wheel, an oscillatory
ribbon-carrier, a driving shaft connected to said carrier and adapted to be shifted.
endwise, and a pair of partial gears on said shaft adapted one to each gear wheel.
18. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, a driving shaft, an
oscillatory ribbon-carrier connected thereto, a cam mounted to turn with said shaft.
and also to permit the same to be moved endwise therethrough, and a latch or
locking means for preventing an end wise movement of the cam.
19. In a type writing machine, having a shiftable platen and type-bars with a.
plurality of types, an inking ribbon connected to the means for shifting the platen,.
whereby the ribbon is moved laterally simultaneously with the platen, as and for-
the purposes set forth.
20. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, a ribbon-carrier, a
platen-carrier, a shifter therefor, and connections between the shifter and the
ribbon-carrier for moving the latter when the shifter is actuated, whereby an upper
and a lower case type may strike at the same place on the ribbon.
21. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, an oscillatory
ribbon-carrier, a shift-rod, connected to a platen-carrier, and a link or lever
connection between said shift-rod and said ribbon-carrier.
22. In a type writing machine, the combination of a ribbon, an oscillatory
ribbon-carrier, a shift-rod connected to the platen-carrier, a link connected to said.
shift-rod, a cam or inclined plane, and a link connection between the first mentioned
link and the ribbon-carrier.
23. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a ribbon-.
carrier, the plate 56 having an inclined slot, the pivot 53, an arm
or lever
connected to said pivot, a duplex cam adapted to rotate always in the same.

page_text: direction, a shift-rod connected to the paper-carriage, the link 75 connected
to the shift-rod, and the link 76 connected to the link 75 and the ribbon-
carrier.
24. In a type writing machine, the combination with a platen, and type-bars
having each an upper and a lower case character, of an inking ribbon
arranged to be automatically shifted when the upper case types print, in order
that said types may strike the ribbon at the same places that the lower case
types strike.
25. In a type writing machine, the combination of a platen, means for shifting
said platen crosswise for upper case printing, and a ribbon connected to be shifted
simultaneously with the platen.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.