IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS HEATING AND COOKING APPARATUS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS
PATENT to Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, of the Firm of
Robertson, Brooman, and Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the
City of London, Patent Agents, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN GAS HEATING AND COOKING APPARATUS.A communication from
abroad by Francois Alphonse Jacquet, of Paris, France.
Sealed the 26th June 1868, and dated the 16th January 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Clinton Edgcumbe
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 16th January 1868.
I, CLINTON EDCCUMBE BROOMAN, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman,
and Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN GAS HEATING AND COOKING APPARATUS to be as follows:-
These improvenients relate to improved arrangements of apparatus
for heating and cooking by gas, and combine simplicity of construction,
convenience of use, complete combustion of gas, and freedom from
disengagement of bad odours. They consist partly in the combination
of double bottoms above gas burners or lamps producing a draught
with a double current of air for keeping up combustion, and partly in

page_text: the employment of reflecting surfaces to prevent dispersion of the heat
produced.
The annexed Drawings and the following description fully explain
the Invention. Figure is an external elevation, and Figure 2 a
transverse vertical section of an apparatus which I term an oven griller
and arranged to serve for general cooking purposes. The gas pipe
rests on two apertures formed for the purpose and constitutes a burner
or lamp with several holes or escapements. Four flanges B, B', C, C',
serve to support vessels D, D', for receiving food to be cooked or boiled.
A gridiron F, (Figures 4 and 5) is constructed to fit exactly upon the
vessel D'. The apparatus can be divided into two parts X and Y so
that cooking or boiling can be effected on the metal plate immediately
above the gas burner and in, vessels of more or less capacity. The
action of the gas will be understood by Figure 2; the blue arrows
show the direction of the air, and the red that of the gas.
Figure 3 shows the griller from which the upper part X has been
removed. E is the plate on which the vessels containing food are
placed the back part is hollowed out to form an opening F¹; this
opening establishes a current of air..
Figures 6 and 7 show a second apparatus which I call a roaster and
heater. It is made of enamelled iron and is composed essentially of
an outer jacket or case G arranged so as to have a current of air at H.
A sort of rectangular inverted basin 1 is placed a little over the gas
burner K, and a second opening L is left at the lower end to allow the
gas to issue.
When it is wished to roast game or fowl an ordinary
roaster O is employed, and when a simple cooking or boiling is required
the vessels containing the food are placed on the movable cover P of
the apparatus.
Figure 8 is a plan of this apparatus with the cover removed; it shows
the mode of fitting the basin I in the case.
Figures 9 and 10 are respectively a plan and an elevation of another
apparatus which I call a boiler and heater which will heat water at
the same time that it is cooking or boiling food. The chief feature
of this apparatus is the special arrangement of the different parts with
the sole object of forming three currents of air distributing the flame
as conveniently as possible. The essential parts are a hollow ring Q
to contain the water to be boiled; a gas burner R arranged in circular

page_text: form so as to heat the whole of the ring; a foot S sufficiently distant
from the ring to allow a current of air to be formed; this foot also
carries a hollow cone T in the centre of the ring establishing another
current of air. The vessels containing the food are placed at U.
Figures 11, 12, and 13 show respectively in elevation, section, and
plan an apparatus especially intended for roasting meat. The gas pipe V
is supported by two holes formed in the sides of the case a, and the
same mode of support is employed for the steel arm 6 forming a spindle
which carries a star wheel c to regulate the movement. The same
arrangement of currents of air is adopted in this apparatus. The cover d
carries at its upper part a small movable pan e with a perforated bottom.
A fork the points of which engage in the perforations regulates the
passage of the gravy or sauce put into the vessel e. The gravy runs
through the perforations and after basting the meat runs into the
movable pan or boat g, fitted for the purpose.
Figures 14 and 15 are respectively an elevation and a plan of a small
apparatus. The three currents of air in the apparatus shown in
Figures 9 and 10 are here reproduced. This apparatus effects the
cooking or boiling of food contained in vessels placed on it.
Figure 16 is a transverse vertical section of a gas heating apparatus
in which a double current of air and gas are established in a manner
identical with the arrangement shown in Figure 2. A reflector h of
enamelled iron radiates the heat produced by the flame of the burner K.
A particular arrangement is adopted for the renewal of the air in the
apartment in which this apparatus is placed. A pipe of zinc or clay
leads air from the outside at a few inches from the floor and discharges
it at the upper part of the room; another pipe leads the foul air to the
outside at a higher level than the other pipe.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters l'atent,
filed by the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 14th July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CLINTON
EDCCUMBE BROOMAN, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman, and
Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents,
cond greeting

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, Her
special licence that I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise and vend within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS HEATING
AND COOKING
APPARATUS. (communicated to me from abroad by Francois Alphonse
Jacquet, of Paris, France,) upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, my executors, or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say ;--
These improvements relate to improved arrangements of apparatus for
heating and cooking by gas and combine simplicity of construction,
convenience of use, complete combustion of gas, and freedom from dis-
engagement of bad odours. The three essential parts of which each of
the apparatus is composed are a gas burner or set of gas burners, straight
or curved, which constitutes the source of heat, a chamber to store this
heat, and a reflector or radiator, plain or not, to direct, disperse, or dis-
tribute the calorific rays. But the characteristic features of the
Invention consist partly in the combination of double bottoms above gas
burners or lamps, producing a draught with a double current of air for
keeping up combustion, and partly in the employment of reflecting
surfaces to regulate the dispersion of the heat produced.

page_text: The annexed Drawings and the following description fully explain
the Invention. Figure 1 is an external elevation, and Figure 2 a
transverse vertical section through the line M, N, of Figure 1 of an
apparatus which I term an oven griller, and arranged to serve for general
cooking purposes. The gas pipe rests on two apertures formed for the
purpose and constitutes a burner or lamp A with several holes or escape-
ments. Four flanges B, B, C, C'. serve to support vessels D, D', for
receiving food to be cooked or boiled. gridiron F (Figure 4) is con-
structed to fit exactly upon the vessel D'. The apparatus can be divided
into two parts X and Y, so that cooking or boiling can be effected on the
metal plate immediately above the gas burner and in vessels of more or
less capacity. The part X. forms a sort of ordinary oven and the part Y
a griller. The action of the gas will be understood by Figure 2, the
arrows drawn in full lines show the direction of the air and those drawn
in dotted lines that of the gas.
A
Figure 3 is a plan of the griller from which the upper part X has been
removed. E is the plate on which the vessels containing food are placed,
the back part is hollowed out to form an opening F¹. This opening
establishes a current of air.
Figure 5 shows in sectional elevation a second apparatus which I call
a roaster. By giving it the form which is indicated by the perpendicular
line 12, it becomes suitable for roasting meat before an ordinary
roaster. I then call it a roaster and heater. This apparatus is composed
essentially of an outer jacket or case constituting as it were the shell, and
arranged so as to have a current of air at H. Two rectangular inverted
basins I, I', are placed a little over the gas burner K, and a double
opening L, L, is left at the lower end to form an active circulation.
When it is wished to grill or simply to heat the ordinary gridiron p is
used, below which is a vessel q, and when it is wished to roast game or
fowl an ordinary roaster is employed in addition; for a simply cooking or
boiling the vessels containing the food are placed on the cover P of the
apparatus. The arrows clearly show the direction of the currents.
Figures 6 and 7 are respectively a plan and an elevation of another
apparatus which I call a boiler and heater which will heat water at the
same time that it is cooking or boiling food. The chief feature of this
apparatus is the special arrangement of the different parts with the sole
object of forming three currents of air distributing the flame. as con-
veniently as possible. The essential parts are a hollow ring Q to con-

page_text: 'tain the water to be boiled, a gas burner R arranged in circular form so
as to heat the whole of the ring, a foot S sufficiently distant from the
ring to allow a current of air to be formed; this foot also carries a hollow
cone T in the centre of the ring establishing another current of air.
The arrows show the direction of the currents. The vessels U containing
the food are placed as shown.
Figures 8 and 9 are respectively an elevation and a plan of a small
apparatus. The three currents of air in the apparatus shown in Figures 6
and 7 are here reproduced. This apparatus effects the cooking or boiling
of food contained in vessels placed on it.
Figure 10 is a transverse vertical section of a gas heating apparatus
in which a double current of air and gas is established in a manner
identical with the arrangement shown in Figure 5. The arrows indicate
it clearly. A reflector of enamelled iron or polished metal radiates
the heat produced by the flame of the burner K. A particular
arrangement is adopted for the renewal of the air in the apartment
in which this apparatus is placed. A pipe of zince or clay leads the air
from the outside at a few inches from the floor and discharges it at
the upper part of the room; another pipe leads the foul air to the outside
at a higher level than the other pipe.
Figure 11 represents in longitudinal section a heating apparatus
suitable for heating the water of a bath from which the water comes
by the pipe a and returns by the lower pipe b. The water fills all the
part c and is submitted to the heating action of the burner d on a large
heating surface. An upper receptacle is for containing towels or
other articles and keeping them sufficiently warm.
Figures 12, 13, and 14 represent in plan, longitudinal section, and
cross section respectively a small heater of simple form. It may be lined
and supplied with gas by a single pipe with a two-way cock. The
arrangement of a current of air by the opening causes the flame to
travel horizontally and prevents it injuring the pans placed on the upper
plate g'. A sliding vessel g" receives the food or whatever else it may
be desirable to put therein, at the same time that a pan is heated on
the upper plate g¹.
The roasting spit which 1 employ in the roasting apparatus before
described is represented in end view in Figure 15, and in side view in
Figure 16. The body m of this spit is of triangular section; the guard

page_text: is composed of a plate a on which three or other desired number of
pins are rivetted, and which drag or draw the joint to be roasted.
The plate is free to slide along the spit.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as
the improvements in gas heating and cooking apparatus,-
First. The general arrangements or combinations of parts of apparatus
for heating or cooking by gas as herein-before described and represented
in the several Figures of the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The construction and employment substantially as herein-
before described and represented in the accompanying Drawings of gas
burners or sets of gas burners arranged in a straight or curved form in
special chambers.
Third. The employment in combination with such burners of double
bottoms to produce à double or even a triple draught or current of air
for supporting combustion substantially as herein-before described.
Fourth. The employment substantially as herein-before described of
reflecting or radiating surfaces to regulate the dispersion of the heat
and light.
In witness whereof, 1. the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of July,
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
C. E. BROOMAN. (L.S.)