Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Aug., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 7th May, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 3rd Aug., 1888
:
I, GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the firm of G. F. Redfern & Co., the General
Patent Office, No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication from
abroad by C. Frérot, of Rheims, in the Republic of France, Mechanic,) to be as
follows:-
:-
This invention relates to the construction of a machine for making conical paper
tubes by means of two spindles or mandrels set inversely to each other. They are fed
with a band of paper the parallel sides of which always form the generatrix of the
tubes whilst the edge of the said sheets which forms the junction or termination of
the coil extends froin one of the parallel sides of the band to the other at a more or
less inclined angle according to the degree of conicalness to be given to, and the
requirements of, the tube.
This edge of the sheets formed at a given moment by a transverse cutter having a
dulled or blunted edge is travelled over by a grinding wheel having a very rapid
rotatory movement in order to roughen a certain width of the edges, that is to say,
the part intended for the termination or junction of the coils; the dust arising from
this roughening operation, which would be liable to damage the parts of the machine
as well as interfere with its working, is driven off by a fan or blower.
Either before or after this roughening operation the marks may be embossed on
the sheets at the desired place in order to avoid the ink spreading over the tube,
especially in cases where the paper is not of a spongy or absorbent nature.
The two parallel edges of the strip of paper always form the generatrix of the tube
or the part introduced into the mandrels notwithstanding the fact that some of the
pieces of the strip intended to form the tubes have to be moved out of the position
which they occupy when just cut.
The pasting is effected by means of a pump causing a stream or jet of paste or the
like to fall perpendicularly and during a space of time which can be regulated
according to requirements; the sheet of paper in passing beneath this jet receives
it and the riband or strip of paper is unrolled from a reel or roller at the same rate
as it is cut and rolled up into the spiral tubes.

page_text: It is frequently advantageous to employ papers produced from short stuff and which
are but slightly filaceous; such papers require to be well gumined or pasted and in
consequence of the lack of filaments and of the thickness of the paste or gum diffi-
culties arise when securing the end of the coil especially where thick papers are
employed notwithstanding the unevenness produced by the roughening tool and the
blunted cutter. To obviate these difficulties I cause to bear against the tube, imme-
diately it is rolled up and so as to be tangential to it in the same axial plane of a
brush or a cylinder provided with stiff bristles. The cylinder, the surface of which
is even, is rapidly rotated in a direction opposite to that of the rolling up motion, and
remains tangential to the tube and is caused to press thereon shortly before the
mandrel is stopped. The stiffness of the bristles by their rapid and consequently
increased friction forces the last formed coil or cut edge of the sheet to be secured to
the preceding coil.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Machine for Manufacturing Conical Paper Tubes.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the firm of G. F. Redfern & Co. the General
Patent Office, No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication from
abroad by C. Frérot, of Rheims, in the Republic of France, Mechanic,) and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the construction of a machine for making conical paper
tubes by means of two spindles or mandrels set inversely to each other. They are fed
with a band of paper the parallel sides of which always form the generatrix of the
tubes whilst the edge of the said sheets which forms the junction or termination of
the coil extends from one of the parallel sides of the band to the other at a more or
less inclined angle according to the degree of taper to be given to, and the require-
ments of, the tube.
This edge of the sheets formed at a given moment by a transverse cutter having a
dulled or blunted edge is travelled over by a grinding wheel having a very rapid
rotatory movement in order to roughen a certain width of the edges, that is to say,
the part intended for the termination or junction of the coils; the dust arising from
this roughening operation, which would be liable to damage the parts of the machine
as well as interfere with its working, is driven off by a fan or blower.
Either before or after this roughening operation the marks may be embossed on
the sheets at the desired place in order to avoid the ink spreading over the tube,
especially in cases where the paper is not of a spongy or absorbent nature.
The two parallel edges of the strip of paper always form the generatrix of the tube
or the part introduced into the mandrels notwithstanding the fact that some of the
pieces of the strip intended to form the tubes have to be moved out of the position
which they occupy when just cut.
The pasting is effected by means of a pump causing a stream or jet of paste or the
like to fall perpendicularly and during a space of time which can be regulated according
to requirements; the sheet of paper in passing beneath this jet receives it and the
riband or strip of paper is unrolled from a reel or roller at the same rate as it is cut
and rolled up into the spiral tubes.
It is frequently advantageous to employ papers produced from short stuff and
which are but slightly filaceous; such papers require to be well gummed or pasted
and in consequence of the lack of filaments and of the thickness of the paste or gum
difficulties arise when securing the end of the coil especially where thick papers are
employed notwithstanding the unevenness produced by the roughening tool and the
blunted cutter. To obviate these difficulties I cause to bear against the tube,
immediately it is rolled up and so as to be tangential to it in the same axial plane of
a brush or a cylinder provided with stiff bristles. The cylinder, the surface of which

page_text: is even, is rapidly rotated in a direction opposite to that of the rolling up motion, and
remains tangential to the tube and is caused to press thereon shortly before the
mandrel is stopped. The stiffness of the bristles by their rapid and consequently
increased friction forces the last formed coil or cut edge of the sheet to be secured to
the preceding coil.
In order to enable the invention to be fully understood I will describe how it can
be carried into practice by reference to the accompanying drawings in the several
figures of which similar letters are used to indicate parts which are similar.
Figure 1 is a plan, and
Figure 2 is an elevation of the machine.
Figure 3 is a section of the roughening and wetting apparatus.
Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view of the paper band which is placed in the
machine.
Figures 5 and 51 show respectively a plan and a sectional elevation of the pincers
and one of the cutters hereinafter described.
Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of one of the jointed pincers.
Figure 7 shows two sections of the cylindrical brushes.
Figure 8 is an elevation of a finished conical tube.
Figures 9 and 9¹ show a plan, elevation, and section of the pasting or cementing
cylinder.
On a reel or roller at the back of the machine is wound the band of paper A B
(figure 2), the end of which is passed between two cylinders A, A', which, when in
motion, serve to draw the paper band along. Motion is communicated to the
cylinders by means of a series of gear wheels one of which is intermittent in its
action and is mounted on a longitudinal shaft B, figure 1; one cylinder is driven
by the other through the medium of two gear wheels proportioned to the diameter
of the cylinders. The band of paper then passes between two other rotating
cylinders A2, A3, which, working in combination with the before mentioned cylinders,
draw the paper along still further. The cutter C then comes into operation and cuts
the band transversely.
Two stamps t, t supplied with ink and mounted upon a transversely moveable
carriage D are placed under the band of paper. Two striking blocks E, E' cf wood
or soft metal or other suitable substance mounted on a flexible rod E are brought
down onto the paper at the place corresponding to the stamps and, by the blow which
they give, cause the stamps to emboss the paper and deposit their ink therein. The
blow, given very rapidly and without any stoppage, is caused through the medium of
a cam Z acting on the rod which is provided with springs.
The carriage carrying the stamps is drawn by a lever L away from the paper
bringing the stamps immediately under two inking devices F, F' each formed of a
cup containing the ink and having a flat bottom which is perforated and provided on
the exterior with thick cloth. Each inking device has a central perpendicular
cylindrical shaft both shafts being connected to a cross piece. A lever L', by acting
on the said cross piece, lowers the two inking devices into contact with the stamps
and then raises them. The stamps supplied with ink then return, by the movement
of their carriage, into position under the paper. The carriage is actuated by
levers L³, L' operated by a cam Z2 on a longitudinal shaft B¹.
At a distance from the stamps equal to the length of paper necessary to form two
tubes (as will be hereinafter explained) is placed the roughening wheel. A table G
(figure 1) having its under surface situated over the band of paper is connected to
the frame at each of its ends by two shoulders. Upon this table slides, in a transverse
direction to the paper band, a carriage D' which receives and supports a horizontal
shaft perpendicular to the plane of its motion and on which is keyed a grinding
wheel M made of or furnished with some hard substance such as emery, powdered
glass, or the like. This grinding wheel having on its axis a grooved pulley p
receives a very rapid rotary motion through a cord passing around the said pulley
and another and larger pulley P and through the tension pulley H (figure 2).
The carriage D' by a regular movement hereinafter described, in sliding over the

page_text: table G traverses the paper band and, by a similar movement in a reverse direction,
passes over the other edge and stops. During these forward and backward movements
the grinding wheel coming in contact with the paper removes with its rough surface
a portion of the thickness of the paper and roughens and thins it. The table G,
which allows the contact of the grinding wheel with the paper is grooved or hollowed
out and the grinding wheel is of the necessary diameter. If the paper, although in
tension, simply rested in contact with the grinding wheel the latter would have but
little effect, if it be applied over a hard surface, however nicely adjusted, the grinding
wheel would soil and tear the paper. It is therefore necessary that the paper shall be
elastically supported by a yielding body which the grinding wheel (if the paper
should accidentally become defective) would not injure and for this purpose the
following arrangement is adopted.
Underneath the paper and corresponding with the direction of travel of the grinding
wheel is placed a box K (figure 3) in which is set a soft flat brush Q corresponding in
length and width with that of the friction surface of the grinding wheel in contact
with the paper; its bristles are applied vertically against the lower surface of the paper
with a pressure which can be regulated by means of screws ³, 1, 2 (figure 3). This
application is effected by means of a lever L operated by a cam Z3 which communi-
cates to it an upward and downward motion. The box in being applied with pressure
against the paper band confines the latter between itself and the table G and keeps
it rigid.
The grinding wheel has a convex periphery and, as it works, causes the paper to bow
against the bristles of the brush and effect the thinning of the paper. The box and
the brush being detached by the downward movement disengage the paper whereby
it is allowed to be drawn along by a fresh operation of the cylinders. The product of
the roughening, like any other dust, would prevent the gum from acting efficiently, the
roughened part therefore requires to be moistened. For this purpose a metal box large
enough to enclose the grinding wheel M and a fan M' (figure 3) is mounted on thie
moveable carriage D¹; one of the ends of the grinding wheel shaft extends outside the
box as also does one end of the fan shaft k¹, k²; the fan is driven by means of two
grooved pulleys p,p over which is passed a cord (figure 1).
At the end of the box is a pipe F2, through which the dust is driven, the latter being
then sent through an india-rubber tube into a suitable receptacle.
On the opposite end of the fan shaft to that on which the pulley is mounted, is
placed or formed a worm which, through a gear wheel, drives at a considerably
slower speed a shafts situated at a lower level and having its axis perpendicular. This
shaft through the medium of helicoidal pinions x, ¹ gives movement to a hollow
shaft on which is fixed the moistening brush H' revolving at a slow rate of speed.
This brush secured by a pressure screw is adjustable on its shaft to suit the distance
between two roughened parts, the said distance being variable according to the require-
ments of manufacture.
The hollow shaft 12 turns upon a rod which is fixed by its front end to a piece
attached to the carriage. In this manner all the parts hereinbefore described are
firmly secured to the carriage and travel with it in the same planes which is indispen-
sable. M², is a corrugated cylinder which continually rotates in a vessel N², receiving
water from a tank P₁ through a pipe P. The moistening brush H' by its contact with
the cylinder M2, is supplied with water.
The roughened wheel carriage is operated as follows:
A vertical lever R (figure 2) is provided pivotting on its axis 0 and terminated by a
sector (the radius being measured from the said axis) connected with a roller S and
operated by a cam Z the division of which produces a regular backward and forward
action. On the sector of the lever R is fixed a flat chain T which being applied over
the sector receives therefrom a regular drawing motion. This chain is wound around
a loose pulley U which carries on its boss another pulley U¹ fixed thereto by means of
a pressure screw. On the pulley U¹ is wound a second chain attached to the grinding
wheel carriage D' (figure 1). The lever R therefore by the means hereinbefore

page_text: described transmits its movement to the carriage and causes it to travel across the
band of paper whilst a weight PA (or a spring) draws it back to the other edge by a
similar regular movement, the lever R remaining constantly in contact with the
cam Z. As will be seen the pulleys U, U¹ being adjustable on the frame, the draught
of the carriage can always take place in a line with its axis whatever may be its
inclination, whilst therefore the length of the chains is adjustable by winding them to
a greater or less extent upon the pulleys.
The paper band cut off by the cutter C (figure 1) is again fed forward by the action
of the cylinders to a length (from the last cut) regulated by changing the driving
pinions and calculated to cut two tubes therefrom (figure 4 and figure 1);
pressers V, V, V, Va serve to keep it fixed. The cut being made at c through the
centre of the length of the roughened part the parallelogram a, d, e, g (figure 4) is
produced; at the same time the two concave cutters C, (³ close which produce the
first sheet 1 to form a tube there remains a piece a, e, c, d which by reason of the
position of the two sets of cutters cannot be cut into shape at the same time and in
the same position moreover it could not be conducted to the mandrels in this position ;
The piece a, d, c, g is therefore moved into the position shewn in figure 4.
On the arrival of the paper band a carriage D2 comes under the part from which
the piece a, e, c, d is to be formed which carriage bears the pressers V1, V2, V3 and the
cutter C4.
The said carriage has a transverse motion imparted to it by levers L, L' and a
cam Z until it reaches the band figure 4 when the two last cutters C, C finish the
second portion of the band by cutting off the parts g', g², g³ (figure 4). In this manner
from the piece a, e, c, d is formed the piece marked 2. As already described the edge
remains parallel with its first position. At this moment pincers or jaws Y, Y¹ the upper
arm Y (figure 6) of which is jointed at O2 and rocks on a longitudinal axis O' the
pincers grip the two pieces 1 and 2 of the paper band and draw them to the position
indicated at A4, A° with one of their edges secured in the slits of the mandrels d², d³.
This movement is produced by the central cam OE in which works a roller fixed to
the lever L¹³ jointed to the connecting rod L" actuating the carriage along its
guides D', D'bis. On this carriage are fixed the supports of the pincers Y (figure 2).
The pincers, in order to grip the pieces 1 and 2 of the paper band have to pass beyond
the cutters (figure 1). For this purpose the cutters open by rocking on their pivot X
(figure 5) one of them rising and the other falling the two then forming an
angle u, u, u and allowing the passage of the pincers Y₁ which by a spring are caused
to close on the detached sheets. A similar operation simultaneously takes place with
regard to the two cutters C4, C5 mounted on the moveable carriage D2 (figure 1).
These movements are imparted by means of a series of cams operating levers acting
upon the tail ends of the cutters and working them in pairs, the two upper ones by a
cross bar fixed to the lever L and the lower ones by another cross bar fixed to the
lever L. As soon as the cams have caused the cutting operation they cease to act
and the blades are separated by means of springs (figures 1 and 5).
The sheets are pasted or cemented in the following manner :-
To a vessel D, placed above the machine and having a cock D, is adapted an
india rubber tube A E connected to a cylinder J; this cylinder (figare 9) has at one
end a tube A H of small diameter through which the cement to be distributed
passes.
In the cylinder is placed a second cylinder or pump body, which is provided
with a hole n corresponding with a hole n¹ in the latter cylinder through which holes
the cement passes at first by gravity into the inner cylinder which is hollow. In the
cylinder, works longitudinally a leather packed piston m. The piston is supposed
to be at one end of its stroke; by the motion of the lever L10 it will be moved to the
other end and cause a vacuum; the cement passes through the two corresponding
holes n n' in the cylinders J, and 1, and fills the cylinder 1. By a movement of the
lever L formed with a sector at its end, a pinion I is caused to rotate a half revolu-
tion and the pinion being keyed on the cylinder 1, the two will move together and

page_text: by this movement which resembles that of the play of a tap, the cement will be cut
off and at the same time two small circular holes q, q' will be put in communication
with the outlet tube A H, figure 9¹.
The lever L acting at this moment causes the piston to force out the cement from
the cylinder 13, through A H in a long stream during the whole of the stroke.
The sector of the lever L¹¹ brought back by a spring moves the cylinder 13, into its
former position and communication being re-established and the piston brought back
by its lever L10 a fresh introduction of cement takes place.
The cam is so arranged as to communicate to the piston a stroke of a progressively
increasing or diminishing speed so as to gradually increase or diminish the quantity
of cement proportionately to the increasing or decreasing extent of surface of the
triangular sheet to be cemented. If the jet issues before or is continued after the
passage of the sheet the cement falls into a vessel for receiving any excess (figures 9
and 91).
The rolling up of the pieces of the paper band into tubes is effected in the following
manner.
The pieces A, A³, having been inserted in the slits of the mandrils the latter are put
in motion by intermittent gearing; a presser placed underneath and bearing against
the periphery of the mandrels keeps the paper against the mandrels as it is wound
thereon and prosses out any excess of cement from between the coils. When the
rolling is completed the presser is withdrawn and removes the surplus cement. The
mandrils continue to revolve and the brushes are applied and cause the cut edges to
effectually adhere as herein before described.
Each of the brushes B³, is mounted on a rock-shaft fitted in a fork or cheeks C
oscillating at the upper part of its rod on a shaft 03. On the extended end of this
shaft are mounted two chain wheels R1, R2, of unequal diameters and fixed together;
one of them through a pitch chain E³, E4, receives its motion from a chain wheel R³,
on each of the longitudinal shafts B and B of the machine; the other transmits an
accelerated movement to a chain wheel R4, keyed on the shaft of the brush, figure 7.
To the rock-shaft of each fork is fixed an arm G¹, adjustable at G³, so as to corre- -
spond with the cam Z' which gives to the said arm and to the fork Ć the advancing
and retiring movement necessary for the cylindrical brush. A strong spring renders
the friction on the tube more efficient but in order to maintain the contact that this
strong pressure would disadvantageously alter a stop ; is provided which keeps the
arm G in a suitable adjusted position figure 7.
The fork is connected to its rod by a socket allowing of regulating the height
and parallelism with the brush according to its inclination. The tube thus
completed is forced off the mandrel by a ring the interior diameter of which is equal
to that of the tube.
The pincers like those ordinarily in use are composed of a lower smooth portion and
an upper jaw moveable on a pivot adjustable so as to cause the two arms of each jaw
to join in all their parts. It will be understood that if any paper or other substance
should adhere to these jaws the grip only taking place at that part would render the
pincers ineffective and cause the sheet to be displaced. This defect is obviated by
employing jointed pincers (figure 6). To the upper parts is adapted a plate h, h¹ the
lower surface of which is slightly recessed from h³ to h³; this plate is hinged so that
it can oscillate slightly on its pin and will always press regularly on the paper even
when it is damaged in one or more places and consequently requires less accurate and
less frequent adjustment.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In machines for manufacturing conical paper tubes, the arrangement for
stamping and embossing the paper substantially as herein before described.
2. Roughening the interior of the paper band substantially as and for the purpose

page_text: 3. The arrangement of the sheets for forming two tubes whereby but little
waste is caused and at the same time a perfect tube is formed substantially as herein-
before described.
4. Displacing one of the sheets in consequence of the shape when partly cut substan-
tially as herein before described.
5. Pasting or cementing the tubes by means of a double cylinder with intermittent
jet substantially as hereinbefore described.
6. The rigid cylindrical brush and its peculiar mode of action substantially as
hereinbefore described.
7. The combination of parts forming a machine for manufacturing conical paper
tubes the whole being arranged and operating substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
1 11
1000