IMPROVEMENTS TCLAME MALA IN CASTING OR MOULDING LIQUEFIED SUBSTANCES.
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Wilson, of No. 1, Canterbury Place,
Newington, Surrey, and Jaines John Joseph Field, of No. 11, Sussex
Street, Wandsworth Road, Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
TCLAME MALA
IN CASTING OR MOULDING LIQUEFIED
SUBSTANCES.
"
Sealed the 7th May 1858, and dated the 7th November 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Wilson and
James John Joseph Field at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 7th November 1857.
We, WILLIAM WILSON, of No. 1, Canterbury Place, Newington, Surrey,
and JAMES JOHN JOSEPH FIELD, of No. 11, Sussex Street, Wandsworth Road,
Surrey, do hereby declare, the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CASTING OR MOULDING LIQUEFIED AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows, viz.
Generally, the employment of apparatus communicating with, or wholly or
partially submerged in a vessel or vessels containing the material or materials
to be moulded or cast, whereby the said material or materials being drawn or
otherwise forced into or through certain portions of the apparatus, comprising
tubes, frames, moulds, or other chambers or receptacles, is or are made to
assume, and with or without the assistance of cold or hot water, air, or other
element or elements, material or materials, or of any other agency (with suit-
able apparatus for applying the same), to regulate the temperature when

page_text: necessary, caused to retain permanently the required shape or shapes. But
more particularly, as in the manufacture of candles and other analogous sub-
stances, the improvements consist in the employment of a tube or tubes, so
arranged that one end thereof may communicate with, or be wholly or partially
submerged in, the vessel or vessels containing the material or materials to be
moulded or cast, and so that in drawing or otherwise forcing a thread (or
wick), or other suitable material or materials (on which stops or nipples may
be fixed at intervals, to determine the lengths, and form the nibs, or otherwise
determine the shape of the material or materials to be moulded or cast) into
or through the said tube or tubes. The said nipples or stops may propel the
material or materials to be moulded or cast into or through the said tube or
tubes, and thereby produce the shape required.. .And in the employment of
cold or hot water, air, or other element or elements, material or materials, or
of any other agency (with suitable apparatus for applying the same) to regu-
late the temperature when necessary, in order to cause the moulded material
or materials to retain their acquired shape or shapes.
SPECIFICATION. in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Wilson and James John Joseph Field in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 7th. May 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
WILSON, of No. 1, Canterbury Place, Newington, Surrey, and JAMES JOHN
JOSEPH FIELD, of No. 11, Sussex Street, Wandsworth Road, Surrey, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of. November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the.
said William Wilson and James, John Joseph Field, Her special licence,
that we, the said William Wilson and James John Joseph Field, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William
Wilson and James John Joseph Field, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and. Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTING OR MOULDING LIQUEFIED AND OTHER SUBSTANCES,"

page_text: upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the 'said William. Wilson and
James John Joseph Field, our executors or administrators; by. an instrunient
in writing under our or one of our, or their; or one of their hands, and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar. months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
.5
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William. Wilson and. James John
Joseph Field, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly. described, and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
39
Our Invention consists, first, generally of the employment of apparatus
communicating with, or wholly or partially submerged in a vessel or vessels
containing the material or materials to be moulded or cast, whereby the said
material or materials being drawn or otherwise forced into or through certain
portions of the apparatus, comprising tubes, frames, moulds, or other chambers
or receptacles, is or are made to assume, and with or without thé àssistance of
cold or hot water, air, or other element or elements, or material or materials, or
of any other agency (with suitable apparatus for applying the same) to regu-
late the temperature when necessary, caused to retain permanently the required
shape or shapes.
But, more particularly, our Invention consists, secondly, of an improved
method of moulding and manufacturing candles and other analagous sub-
stances by drawing or otherwise forcing a wick or wicks, or other suitable
material or materials (on which suitable stops or nipples may be fixed at
intervals, to determine the lengths and form the nibs, or otherwise determine
the shape of the material or materials to be moulded or cast, and to be acted
upon in the process of drawing by self-acting forceps or other suitable means)
through some portion of the material or materials to be moulded or cast, and
into or through a tube or a series of tubes (so arranged that one end thereof
may communicate with, or be wholly or partially submerged in, the material or
materials to be moulded or cast, such material or materials being in a liquefied,
semifluent, plastic, or other suitable state), by which means the said nipples or
stops being fixed on the wick, as aforesaid, are consequently drawn or forced
through the said materials, and into or through the said tube or tubes, and
thereby sustain the wick in its proper place, and cause the said material or mate-
rials to be propelled into or through the said tube or tubes, which also assist in
determining the required shape and size of the column of materials therein
produced. The plastic mass thus produced, with the string or wick inside, while

page_text: yet contained in the said tube or tubes, or on emerging therefrom is then
subjected to the action of any of the before-mentioned agencies for regulating
the temperature. In order to cause the said plastic mass to assume a solidified
state, and when it has attained to this state, the forceps or other means are
applied to the nipples, and one or more lengths are completely drawn out of
the tube or tubes, and divided from the nipples, finished and fit for use.
The advantage which this method of moulding candles' possesses over those
in ordinary use, consists in its simplicity, cheapness, and expeditiousness. The
machine required, in its simplest form, being light and portable, is admirably
adapted to general use, even by private persons, whilst, at a cost of a few shillings
each, the number of tubes may be increased to almost any amount, and used
in rotation, thereby affording to the manufacturer the means of producing
candles in any quantity he pleases in a given time, without extra cost for
labour.
:
And we would here observe, that in casting or moulding any material
by any of our improved methods, a more perfect union of the particles and
a much higher degree of solidity and hardness are effected than by any
other method heretofore practised.
Thirdly, our Invention consists of an improved method of casting, moulding,
and manufacturing tablets of soap, night lights, short candles, and other
mouldable substances, by attaching the moulds or other chambers or recep-
tacles to, or inserting them in, an endless chain or band or other suitable
mechanism (of which the said moulds may form a part or parts), in such
manner that the said moulds, having a tendency to remain open, may by any
suitable means be caused to communicate with or dip into the liquefied, semi-
fluent, plastic, or other material or materials to be moulded or cast, and thereby
to become charged with a portion or portions thereof, and by so arranging the
other portions of the apparatus, that the said moulds, on being drawn or other-
wise forced into or through them, may be thereby caused to enclose and
carry with them those portions of the plastic material with which they had
become charged. The materials thus moulded may then be subjected to
the action of any suitable agency for regulating the temperature to solidify
them and be disengaged by any convenient means, when they will be finished
and fit for use.
Lastly, the machines before referred to may be readily modified so as to be
made applicable to the casting and moulding of musket and other balls,
metallic, gutta percha, and other articles or ornaments, syrups, wax, and of
all articles consisting of such substances or materials as are wholly or par-
tially manufactured in a liquefied, semifluent, or other plastic state.

page_text: And having now described the nature of our said Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we do
not confine ourselves to the precise details, provided that the peculiar character
of either of our improvements be retained. And we declare that the improve-
ments which we claim as constituting our said Invention are as follows,
that is to say:-
First, we claim the method of casting or moulding liquefied, plastic, and
other substances by drawing or otherwise forcing, by means of suitable
apparatus, the materials to be moulded into or through certain portions of
the apparatus, as herein-before generally described.
Secondly, we claim the method of moulding and manufacturing candles and
other analogous substances by drawing or otherwise forcing, by means of
suitable apparatus, the materials to be moulded with certain portions of the
apparatus into or through certain other portions of the apparatus, and treating
them when thus moulded as herein-before secondly described.
Thirdly, we claim the method of casting, moulding, and manufacturing
tablets of soap, night lights, short candles, and other mouldable substances, by
disposing certain self-acting or other moulds, chambers, or receptacles, and
using them in such manner that they may become charged with the materials
to be moulded, and by drawing or otherwise forcing the said moulds or other
receptacles with the materials into or through certain portions of the appa-
ratus as herein-before thirdly described.
And, lastly, we claim the application to the manufacture of other mould-
able substances, in so far as regards casting or moulding the same, of so much
of any portion or portions of the said improvements as may be applicable
thereto.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Wilson and James John Joseph
Field, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Seventh day of
May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
eight.
WILLIAM WILSON.
(L.S.)
JAMES JOHN JOSEPH FIELD. (L.S.)