IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND MOWING MACHINES to be as follows:-
Year: 1885

page_text: I ELIAS HIRSCH MARCUSE of No 16 Potsdamer Strasse in the City of Berlin,
Prussia, Germany, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND MOWING MACHINES to be as follows:-
"
My invention relates to improvements in hand mowing machine for harvesters,
the operation of cutting wheat, barley and other cereals being effected by a series
of shears or cutters which are operated in moving the hand cart by means of a
suitable number of cam grooves which are cut in a suitable roller said rollering
connected to the two front wheels of the hand mowing machine and rotating with
the same.
My said hand mowing machine is neither provided with sythe like or reaping
hook cutters but is based on the principle of the well known garden shears, said
shears being operated in a mechanical manner by means of a cam roller or roller
provided with suitable cam grooves in which said cam grooves the friction rollers
attached to the under surface of the rear arms of the said shears are arranged to
operate.
The rear arms of the shears or cutters are arranged to run vertically in front of
the cam roller and are then bent at a right angle so that the friction roller attached
near the end of the horizontal part of the said rear arm or arms fit into the cam
groove or grooves at the uppermost point of the said cam roller.
My said hand mowing machine operates as follows:-
When the machine is mowed forward the wheels and with them the roller with
cam grooves are caused to rotate and the friction roller or frictional ring gearing
into the said cam grooves and being affixed to the rear end of the rear arms of the
shears the said arms are compelled to follow the curvature of the cam grooves in
the roller and consequently to open and close the cutting blades according to the
position of the said friction roller or frictional rings in the said cam grooves in the
roller and thus sever the stalks.
Two cutting motions are executed at each and every revolution of the roller by
the shears.

page_text: If only one row of shears were employed a small row of stalks would be left
standing so that the machine would have to be drawn back for half a revolution
of the roller and in order to avoid this the subsidiary shears are employed.
The blades and arms of these said shears are somewhat shorter or longer than
those of the main shears so that the friction rollers or frictional rings at the ends
of the rear arms can run in the same cam grooves as the rollers or rings of the
main shears in such manner that when the blades of the main shears are opened
the blades of the subsidiary shears are closed and vice versa.
Dated thin 10th Jaha 1005
Witnesses,
EMIL LANDT.
SCHAJA USCHER WENGERSKI.
ELIAS HIRSCH MARCUSE.

page_text: #
I ELIAS HIRSCH MARCUSE of No 16. Potsdamer Strasse in the City of Berlin,
Prussia, Germany, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND MOWING MACHINES," and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
My invention relates to improvements in hand mowing machines for harvesters,
the operation of cutting wheat, barley and other cereals being effected by a series
of shears or cutters which are operated in moving the hand cart by means of a
suitable number of cam grooves which are cut in a suitable roller, said roller being
connected to the two front wheels of the hand mowing machine and rotating with
the same.
It will be evident from the accompanying drawing that my said hand mowing
machine is neither provided with scythe like or reaping hook cutters but is based
on the principle of the well known garden shears said shears being operated in a
mechanical manner by means of a cam roller or roller provided with suitable cam
grooves in which said cam grooves the friction rollers attached to the under surface
of the rear arms of the said shears are arranged to operate.
The rear arms of the shears or cutters are arranged to run vertically in front of
the cam roller and are then bent at a right angle so that the friction roller attached
near the end of the horizontal part of the said rear arm or arms fits into the cam
groove or grooves at the undermost point of the said cam roller.
Figure 1 is an elevation of my improved hand mowing machine with the lower
part of the front wheel g broken away to show the position of the friction roller c
in the cam grooves 6 of the roller a.
b
Figure 2 is a plan view of the under side of the forward half of my said mowing
machine with the two main shears open and the subsidiary shears ƒ closed.
Figure 3 is a like view with the main shears closed and the subsidiary shears
open.
a is the roller which is provided with the cam grooves b and is attached to the
front wheels g of the hand mowing machine the journals i of the said roller having
their bearing in the frame e.
c are the friction rollers or friction rings attached to the rear ends of the arms d
of the shears and running in the cam grooves 6 of the roller ad d' are the cutting
arms of the shears. f is the pair of subsidiary or reserve shears for cutting the
stalks left standing by the main shears.
gg are the front wheels, g¹ the hind wheels of my hand mowing machine, h is
the handle which is hinged to the frame e so as to enable persons of various height
to manipulate the said machine-i are the journals of the roller a.
k is the fulcrum for the shears d d and f.
My said hand mowing machine operates as follows:-
When the machine is moved forward the wheels g g¹ and with them the roller a
with cam grooves b are caused to rotate and the friction roller or frictional ring o
gearing into the said cam grooves b and being affixed to the rear end of the rear

page_text: arms d of the shears the said arms d are compelled to follow the curvature of the
cam grooves b in the roller a and consequently to open and close the cutting
blades d' according to the position of the said friction roller or frictional rings c
in the said cam grooves b in the roller a and thus sever the stalks.
Two cutting motions are executed at each and every revolution of the roller a
by the shears d d¹ and f.
If only one row of shears were employed a small row of stalks would be left
standing so that the machine would have to be drawn back for half a revolution of
the roller a and in order to avoid this the subsidiary shears f are employed.
The blades and arms of these said shears f are somewhat shorter or longer than
those of the main shears so that the friction rollers or frictional rings at the ends
of the rear arms can run in the same cam grooves as the rollers or rings c of the
main shears in such manner that when the blades of the main shears d d' are
opened the blades of the subsidiary shears f are closed and vice versa.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
.
1. In a hand mowing machine for cutting grass, wheat, barley and other cereals,
the combination of the rollers a and cam grooves b with the shears d d and ƒ the
rear arms of which are provided with frictional rings or friction rollers c which
gear into the cam grooves b of the roller a in such manner that the rotation of the
said roller a produces an opening and closing movement of the shears & d¹ and ƒ
substantially as described and shown.
2. In a hand mowing machine for cutting grass, wheat, barley and other cereals
the combination of the shears d d with the shears f substantially as described and
shown.
3. In a hand mowing machine for cutting grass, wheat, barley and other cereals
the combination with the roller a, wheels, g and journals i, of the frame e and
handles substantially as described and shown.