An Innowe KNITTING MACHINERY
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Baptiste Bagary and Claude Perron, of Paris,
in the Empire of France, and of 32, Essex Street, Strand, London, for
An Innowe KNITTING MACHINERY
"
Sealed the 12th October 1855, and dated the 13th April 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Baptiste Bagary
and Claude Perron at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 13th April 1855.
We, JEAN BAPTISTE BAGARY and CLAUDE PERRON, of Paris, in the
Empire of France, and of 32, Essex Street, Strand, London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "NEW AND IMPROVED KNITTING
MACHINERY" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a new system of machinery for forming knitted
goods with two threads, which are commonly called fabrics with turned round
meshes, these fabrics being now generally manufactured by manually turning
round the fabric after the formation of each row of loops or meshes, so as to
form these loops on opposite sides alternately.
The principle of this machine will be best understood from the following
description, referring to the accompanying Sheets of Drawing, which are
intended to shew one of the improved machines for knitting with two threads.

page_text: a is a cast-iron frame, on which the different parts of the machine are
fixed. Fig. 1 and 2, b, b, covering bars on which the springs are fastened;
c, c, bars to which the ends of the platines or mesh plates are hinged; d,
iron bars on which the said plates rest. These bars have the same length as
the machine, and carry at their ends screws e, which, entering vertically into
the framing a, allow to raise or lower these bars; f, brass combs for guiding the
mesh plates; g, springs pressing upon the mesh plates; h, j, bars upon which
the thread carrier, Fig. 3, is made to slide, being for guiding the same; k, k,
cast-iron needle carrier bars, which are screwed at both ends to the rods i for
sustaining and directing them, the rods i being capable of sliding to and fro
between loose rollers that are fixed on the framing; m, motion bars, that are
hinged at their lower extremity to the framing a, and at the other have an
arm n, connecting it with the rod i. The motion bars are constantly forced up
by springs o against the needle motion cam by means of rollers running on
said cam.
R, mesh plates for forming, or drawing the meshes of the knitting.
These plates, equal the needles in number, and are firmly fixed upon the
barc by means of small square brackets, which are secured to these bars at
certain intervals, the brackets being drilled for allowing the pivots of the
mesh plates to turn in. The thread-carrying apparatus is shewn in detail at
Fig. 3, where A is an iron frame, containing a steel spindle, which is kept
fixed in its place by two pins passing through the frame A. There is a
roller B in the middle of the frame turning loose on said spindle, and two
flanged rollers or. castors C at the ends. The ends of the straps to which the
frame is fastened are firmly held between the small plates D and set screws.
The rollers C run on the bars h, j, and the loose wheel B is for raising the
mesh plates R whilst passing under them; there are two thread-carrying
apparati exactly alike, that are shewn at S and T (Fig. 2). The frame A
carries a piece E of sheet iron, bent in such manner that whilst passing
under the bars J and D, its free end passes close to and above the needles
which are to receive the thread; the thread passing through eyelets drilled
in the bent piece is carried along and distributed by the same. The needles
for making the loops are arranged in rows on the bars k, k, the needles of
each row being exactly opposite the needles of the other, and coinciding very
regularly with them. All the needles are armed with a stiff hook.
When the knitting is commenced, and the first row of meshes having been
formed, the comb F is lowered, which carries as many books as the bars k, k',
have needles. The first row of meshes is then hooked on it, and weights
being hung on the strings at I, G, will draw the work up as it is delivered.

page_text: There may also be instead of this a proper taking-up roller, similar to those
used in wearing looms, the rollers having a slot to take in the comb at the
beginning of the taking up. Supposing the needles of the bar k to hold
the last row of meshes of the work in hand, then the bar k rising its needles,
which are placed exactly opposite those on k, pass through this row of meshes.
This motion having been effected, the thread carrier A, S, starts, moving. and
lifts one after another the plates R, which are pressed down again after its
passage by the springs, thus taking hold of the thread left upon the needles
and forming the meshes, by passing between each needle and the next and
depressing the thread. When the thread carrier A, S, is at the end of its tra-
verse, and has left the thread on the whole row of needles of the bar k', this bar
descends again, taking with it the thread held in the hooks of its needles, and
passes again through the meshes formed by the bar k. When this bar rises
in its turn, its needles, by passing through the row of meshes that have just
been formed upon k', leaves or delivers the row of meshes which it held
previously, and then the thread carrier A, T, beginning to move, leaves its
thread upon the needles k, each motion of the bars k and k thus forming
a row of meshes. Underneath the bars k & k', straight bars may be placed,
upon which the plates R rest very lightly. These bars are clothed over, and
are for preventing the threads from slipping and leaving their position before
they are caught by the hook of the needle. Motion is given to this machine
by means of a crank at V, communicating motion to the wheel X by means
of a band or an endless chain. In case it is desired to make close-looped
knitted goods, we use, instead of the bars k, k', those a which are shewn in
cross section at Fig. 6. This bar is mounted with hooked needles having a
notch at c. The bar d, which rests with its V groove f upon the edge piece g,
is capable of a slight angular movement, and its needles which are slightly
bent rest on the needles at c; thus, when the needles & have been fed with
the thread and descend again, the bar d, by turning a little about the edge
piece g, lifts the ends e of its needles off the needle b, and thus by widening
the meshes prevents the hook from catching or fraying the thread.

page_text: .
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jean Baptiste Bagary and Claude Perron in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 12th October 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JEAN
BAPTISTE BAGARY and CLAUDE PERRON, of Paris, in the Empire of France,
and of 32, Essex Street, Strand, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Jean Baptiste Bagary and Claude Perron, Her special licence that
we, the said Jean Baptiste Bagary and Claude Perron, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Jean Baptiste Bagary
and Claude Perron, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention of "NEW OR IMPROVED
KNITTING MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
Jean Baptiste Bagary and Claude Perron, by an instrument in writing under
our hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Jean Baptiste Bagary and Claude
'Perron, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to a new system of machinery for forming knit goods
with two threads, which are commonly called fabrics with turned round meshes,
these fabrics being now generally manufactured by manually turning round the
fabric after the formation of each row of loops on opposite sides alternately.
Besides, the Invention consists in the general arrangement of the various
pieces, the apparatus or machinery which connects those pieces together, and
from which they receive their alternate motion; in short, the principle of this
machine will be better understood from the following description, referring to

page_text: the accompanying Sheets of Drawings, which are intended to show one of the
improved machines.
a is a cast-iron frame on which the different parts of the machine are fixed
(Figures 1 & 2); b, sheet-iron plates intended to form the mesh, in number
equal to that of the needles; said plates are fastened on bars d by means of
small square brackets screwed on said bars at suitable distance. The brackets
being drilled for allowing the pivots of the mesh plates to turn in brass combs
fixed on the frame at h, and between the teeth of which the plates pass, main-
tain the proper distance. c, covering bars, on which the springs are fastened,
which rest on plates b; d, bars, to which the ends of the mesh plates 6 are
hinged; screws e, being adherent to the frame, pass under the bars, which
they cause to rise or to lower. f, iron bars on which the said plates rest.
These bars have the same length as the frame a, and carry at their ends screws
G, which entering vertically into the framing allow to raise or lower these bars.
i, brass combs for guiding the mesh plates; said combs are screwed on bars f.
j, springs pressing upon the mesh plates; said springs are placed on the covering
bars c. They may be substituted by wire springs, the ends of which are
fastened to bars 7 and plates b. l, bars upon which the thread carrier is made
to slide, intended to guide them. Those bars are to have the same length as
the run of the thread carrier, and are secured to frame a. K¹, K², cast-iron
needle carrier bars, which are screwed at both ends to the rods n for sustaining
and directing them; said rods n are sliding between rollers o adjoining to
frame a, and may go up and down; rollers o, between which rods n slide, must
be contrived so as to pivot upon themselves; the same may be substituted by
tubes, into which also slide the rods n. p, motion bars, that are hinged at their
lower extremity to frame a, and at the other have an arm r, connecting it with
the rod n. The motion bars are constantly forced up by springs s against the
needle motion cam t by means of rollers running on said cam. When the
latter is in motion it will impress alternate to and fro motion to the bars; this
motion is softened by rollers joined to the bars p. V, Fig. 3, is an iron frame,
containing a steel spindle, which bears a loose wheel u, for raising the plates;
said frame is mounted on two axles, and supported by 4 rollers x. Small
plates y, secured by screws at both ends, will catch and secure the straps, to
which framing V is fastened. On one side of the frame, or on both at once,
there are grooves, in which may slide the plates z. These plates, that are a
prolongation of the loose wheel u, cause the plates raised by this to fall per-
pendicularly on the thread intended to form the mesh. The rollers run on the
70 71

page_text: There are two thread-carrying apparatus exactly alike, that are shown at
A & B, Fig. 2.
The frame V carries a piece
.whilst passing under the bars & f, its free end passes close to and above the
needles which are to receive the thread, passing through eyelets drilled in the
bent piece, is carried along and distributed by the same. The needles for making
the loops are arranged in rows on the bars K' & K2,, the needles of each
row K¹ & K² being exactly opposite the needles of the other, and coinciding
very regularly with them. All the needles arc armed with a stiff hook,
(Fig. 4 & 5.) The curve formed at the lower part of the needle (Fig. 5) is
for widening the mesh and facilitate the issuing of the hook.
of sheet iron V', bent in such a manner, that
When the knitting is commenced, and the first row of meshes having been
formed, the comb I is lowered, which carries as many hooks as the bars
K' & K2 have needles; the first row of meshes is then hooked on, and weights
being hung on the strings 2 & 3, will draw the work up as it is delivered.
Supposing the needles of the bar K¹ to hold the last row of meshes of the
work in hand, then the bar K rising its needles, which are placed exactly
opposite those on K', pass through this row of meshes. This motion having
been effected, the thread carrier A starts, moving and lifts one after the other
the plates b, which are pressed down again after its passage by the springs,
thus taking hold of the thread left upon the needles by the thread carrier.
(The plates 6, on which rest the springs J, are let down between each needle,
and cause the thread to bend in order to form the mesh). When the thread
carrier A is at the end of its course, and has left the thread on the whole row
of needles of the bar K2, this bar descends again, taking with it the thread
held in tho hooks of its needles, and passes again through the nieshes formed
by the bar K. When this bar rises in its turn, its needles, by crossing the
row of meshes that have just been made upon K2, leaves the row of meshes it
held previously, and the thread carrier B.beginning to move, leaves its thread on
the needles K', each motion of the bars K & K thus forming a row of meshes.
When it is desired to make close-looped knitted goods, we use instead of the
bars K & K those E, shown Fig. 6. This bar is mounted with hooked
needles, having a notch at G. The bar H, which rests with its groove J upon
the edge piece L, is capable of a slight regular movement, and its needles,
which are slightly bent, exactly correspond with the hooks o, and sink into the
notches G. When the needles loaded with thread descend again, the bar H
by a slight motion raises the end of its needles, which widening the mesh
prevent the hooks from catching or injuring the thread.
'

page_text: The machine shown on the accompanying Drawings is intended for knitting
petticoats. As for the manufacturing of other fabrics, instead of the weight 3
we use a sort of windlass connected to the comb I, and around which the
fabric is rolled up. A crank at m moves the machine by means of gear, wheel,
or strap.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is or may be carried into effect, we wish it to be understood
that what we claim as being secured to us by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,--
First, the opposite motion of the needles cffected in an angular mode, so that
they may pass one over the other by a plain rectilineal motion.
Second, the thread carrier, which in its course raises the mesh plates, for the
double purpose of forming the eyelet or mesh, and clearing the way to the
finger that leads the thread.
In witness whereof, we, the said Jean Baptiste Bagary and Claude Perron,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Sixth day of October,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
B. BAGARY
(LS)