matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER MILLS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, ROBERT BURNS Engineer of Rugeley in the County of Stafford do hereby.
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER MILLS to be as
follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in Roller Mills whereby such
Mills are rendered less liable to breakage and more effective in work.
The Invention consists in fitting & fixing a steel knife or sharp blade (C) between
the rollers (D & E) and immediately below the centre line (A. B). The knife (C)
being firmly fixed, the rollers (D. E) are so adjusted as to press upon the materials
that are intended to be passed through the Rolls. The object of the knife (C) is
to intercept & split the grain (wheat) or other vegetable substances that may be
passed through the Rollers such as beans, peas &c.
I, ROBERT BURNS Mechanical Engineer of Rugeley in the County of Stafford
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER MILLS
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object improvements in Roller Mills whereby such
mills are rendered less liable to breakage and more effective in work.
This invention consists in fitting & fixing a steel knife or sharp blade C between
the rollers D & E and immediately below the centre line A. B, the knife C being

page_text: firmly fixed the object of which is to intercept the grain, wheat, beans, peas or
other material and split it in two parts as it passes between the rollers D & E
It will be readily understood by a reference to Fig. 1 shewn in part sectional
elevation that the hopper L-1 when filled with grain, allows it to fall into the
shoe L 2.
If motion be given to the Rollers D & E. and moved in the direction of the
arrows the shoe L2 lowered by the lever L4 so as to touch upon the revolving
shaker cam or wiper M and the shut or slide L3 raised, the grain will immediately
pass down the incline of the shoe and fall between the rollers 1 & E and thus
pressed will pass down upon the knife C where it will be split or divided into two
parts and falling into the delivery spout P 3 will be delivered at the end or side of
the Mill, as most preferred.
To regulate the distance between the crushing surfaces of the rollers D & E the
change is effected by the hand wheel J which acts upon the moveable roller D
through the short levers G1 & pressing studs H H and bearings H 1, the wheel J
being turned to the right allows the rollers to open, if to the left the weight P 2
acting upon the compound levers causes the rollers to close, thus producing the
required sample of splitting beans, Deas &c.

page_text: Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is
1. The use of a knife or blade in combination with rollers, one or more pairs
substantially as shewn in drawings Fig 1. 8 & 4.
2. The arrangement of the compound levers and weights in combination with
roller mills having a fixed knife or blade substantially as shewn in drawings
Fig. 1 & 2.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING OF COMPOUND MARINE ENGINES
Year: 1885

page_text: PRING PAGES.
I EDWARD RICHMOND ALLFREY of South Eden Park, Beckenham in the County
of Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of, my invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING OF COMPOUND MARINE ENGINES to
be as follows:-
This invention relates mainly to marine engines worked by a triple expansion
of the steam and possessing large power, the object being by the use of four
cylinders to maintain a high rate of expansion by having a large difference in the
relative capacities of the high and low pressure cylinders, without involving the
use of low pressure cylinders of such a large size as would be required with
the usual three cylinder arrangement.
In attaining this object I propose to pass the steam from the boilers first into a
comparatively small or high pressure cylinder thence to an intermediate cylinder
and from this into two large or low pressure cylinders.
These low pressure
cylinders may be either of equal or unequal diameters and their length of stroke
may vary. From these cylinders the exhaust steam passes to the condensers. By
preference I arrange the cranks of the four cylinders upon the crank shaft, so that
the crank of the high pressure or small cylinder engine is opposite to that of the
intermediate cylinder and the cranks of the two low pressure cylinders are
opposite each other and at right angles to the cranks of the intermediate and high
pressure cylinder engines.
This arrangement provides for a direct exhaust from the high to the intermediate
cylinder and secures also a good balance of the moving parts of the engines. The
steam from the intermediate cylinder passes to a pipe which communicates at its
opposite ends with the low pressure cylinders. Que end of this pipe, say that
which communicates with the forward cylinder is fitted with a valve for cutting.
off the steam from that cylinder.
The cylinders may be placed either vertically horizontally or at any convenient
angle and the motion from the pistons may be communicated to the cranks in any
of the well known ways.
One of the low pressure engines may be disconnected from the others by
disengaging a coupling on the crank shaft and by closing the valve in the pipe
which connects the two low pressure cylinders together. This provides for
working the other three engines alone when the maximum power is not required
(which is frequently the case in war ships) with advantages as to economy,
Improvements; in the Manufacture of Bowls or Rollers Employed in Calendering, Mangling, and other Machinery.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements; in the Manufacture of Bowls or Rollers Employed
in Calendering, Mangling, and other Machinery.
We, RICHARD HOUGH of Nelson Square, Bowl Manufacturer, and JAMES SIMKIN
of 127 Westbrook Street, Engineer, both of Bolton in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of our Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF BOWLS OR ROLLERS EMPLOYED IN CALENDERING, MANGLING, AND OTHER
MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of bowls or rollers
employed in machinery for mangling, calendering, and other purposes and consists
in constructing the body part of same of wood pulp placed in layers or otherwise
round the metallic centres and pressed in a hydraulic or other press, after which
they are turned in a lathe to a true face and to the requisite diameter.
о
Dated this 12th day of September 1885.
EDMUND CHADWICK,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Bowls or Rollers Employed..
in Calendering, Mangling, and other Machinery.
We, RICHARD HOUGH of Nelson Square, Bowl Manufacturer, and JAMES SIMKIN
of 127 Westbrook Street, Engineer, both of Bolton in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF BOWLS OR ROLLERS EMPLOYED IN CALENDERING, MANGLING, AND
OTHER MACHINERY," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be 5
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of bowls or rollers
employed in machinery for mangling, calendering, and other purposes and consists
in construoting the body part of same of wood-pulp placed in layers or otherwise
round the metallic centres and pressed in a hydraulic or other press, after which 1
they are turned in a lathe to a true face and to the requisite diameter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that
what we claim is:-
Constructing bowls or rollers employed in calendering, mangling, and other 1
machinery of. wood-pulp, substantially as herein described.
EDMUND CHADWICK,
Agent for Applicants.
A Convertible Couch and Chair Especially Suitable for Invalids.
Year: 1885

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Convertible Couch and Chair Especially Suitable for Invalids.
"
ALEXANDER LEVESON 90 New Oxford Street London W.C. Invalids Chair
Maker do hereby declare the nature of my invention for TELESCOPE COUCH
& CHAIR" to be as follows:―
An adjustable Invalids Couch, the back part of which can be raised or lowered
to any position, as well as the centre & leg part & by a telescopic action, the
front part of the couch slides under the back part and it becomes an arm chair
with adjustable back.

page_text: A Convertible Couch and Chair Especially Suitable for Invalids.
ALEXANDER LEVESON Invalids Chair Maker 90 New Oxford St London W.C.
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for INVALIDS COUCH & CHAIR WITH
SLIDING ACTION and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
An adjustable couch which is converted into a chair by means of the front part
sliding under the back part.
The frame marked (B) is so fitted as to receive the front part (A) and the
2 front legs (C & D) which are attached to it, slide between the 2 centre
legs (E & F). The cushions are made in 3 separate parts G. H. & I. & when it
is required to be used as a chair the cushion (I.) is taken away altogether & the
inner frame from point 1 to point 2, slides, inside the frame (B) untill it reaches
the point marked 3. The back (K) is adjusted to any different angle by means of
the swinging stay (L) which fits into the notches cut into the frame (B) and the
centre & front part are adjusted in the same manner. The arms M are fastened at
points 4 & 5 by means of screws & are knuckled at the point 6 so that they work
in accordance with the raising or lowering of the back (K).
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said
Invention & in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
That it is instantly transformed from a couch for lying on at full length, into
an Easy Chair which has also the advantage of an adjustable back.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INSULATORS FOR ATTACHING ELECTRIC WIRES TO POSTS
Year: 1885

page_text: I GEORGE BARKER Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, Consulting
Engineer, 77 Colmore Row Birmingham in the County of Warwick do hereby
declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INSULATORS FOR
ATTACHING ELECTRIC WIRES TO POSTS" (which invention has been communicated
to me from abroad by John Watson Tringham of Windsor Ontario, dominion of
Canada Gentleman) and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement to be as
follows:-
My invention has for its object improvements in the means for locking electrical
conductors in their position upon the posts and other supports to which they may
be attached so that the wire or wires may be held securely in their position as
well as offering increased facalities for easily tightening them upon the wires.
They also more effectively protect the conductors and other parts from the effects
of the weather.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried
into practice I have appended hereunto a sheet of drawings upon which
Figure. 1. is an elevation of one application of my invention to an ordinary
telegraph post.
Figure. 2. is a longitudinal section of the same.
On reference to the drawings it will be seen that A represents an ordinary
telegraph post and B a cross arm for supporting the conductors, C is a common pin
in which I cut a slot in a similar manner to that described in the specification of my
invention No 2639 of the 2nd February 1884 for "Improved means for supporting
and insulating Electrical Conductors." Having cut the slot D I then insert a suitable
piece of insulating material E such for instance as india rubber which encircles
the wire F I then screw on the waterproof metal cap K which it will be noticed
is tapered inside so that as it is screwed down it draws the two sides of the slot D
together and secures the wire F tightly in position. The cap K is made like a
plug hat with a good rim to keep the rain off.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The improvements in the means for locking electrical conductors upon the
wires of the cap K acting upon the two sides of the pin C so as to close them
upon the insulating material E which holds the wire F substantially as herein
set forth.
Year: 1885

page_text: JULIUS HALL,
Agent.

page_text: I, EDWARD FARROW of 118 Wood Street in the city of London, County of
Middlesex Brace Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRACES OR TROUSERS SUSPENDERS to be as follows :—
"3
With the object of insuring freedom of movement to the body of the wearer and
of obtaining an equable distribution of strain at the points of connection with the
trousers, I make braces or suspenders with double web pieces in the usual manner,
but at the front end of each of such web pieces I provide a single end or buttoning
tab each buttoning tab or end taking on to a button fixed on the front part of the
trousers. At the back ends the web pieces are joined together by a connecting
leather piece, or double back, made to carry two double sliding tabs or runners,
one end of each of which is brought round and takes on to a button fixed on the
side of the trousers, and the other end on to the usual button at the back of the
trousers thus giving comfort and freedom to the wearer.
The runners are made of leather, gut cord or of any suitable material. I prefer
making them of thin slips of solid leather or of two or more slips of leather platted
together.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my Invention and the
manner in which the same is or may be performed what I claim and desire to be
secured to me by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is
The two double sliding tabs or runners at the back end of the brace or sus-
penders and of the said runners being made of slips of solid leather, or of slips of
two or more leather platted or twisted together, as herein before described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DOOR KNOCKERS
Year: 1885

page_text: THEOPHILUS ADINO MILO 70 The Grove Camberwell, S.E. Gentleman do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN DOOR KNOCKERS to be as
follows:-
. I place between the door and the knob which is struck by the knocker a pad or
spring of india rubber, gutta percha metal or other material. There is a screw
attached to the knob and passing through the door by which I can make the knob
touch the door and give the usual sound when struck by the knocker, or by
shifting the screw I can make the knob press on the pad or spring the sound being
thereby subdued when struck by the knocker. The principal feature is being able
to arrange the sound from the inside not having to open the door, in cases of illness
or when children are sleeping or whenever comparative quiet is required.

page_text: THEOPHILUS ADINO MILO 70 The Grove Camberwell S.E. Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for REGULATING THE SOUND OF DOOR KNOCKERS
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The knob A. which is struck by the knocker is mounted on a screw B. which
passes through the door and has a nut C. by the turning of which the sound can
be regulated.
Round the screw B. between the knob A. and the door D. is a ring or spring E.
of india rubber, metal or other suitable material. When the nut is turned and the
knob is made to touch the door the usual sound is given when struck by the
knocker; when the nut is turned the reverse way the knob is loosend and
the ring or spring expanding prevents the knob from touching the door and
deadens the sound when struck by the knocker. The knob can be made partly
hollow to receive the ring or spring, or the knob can be made flat in the usual
way and a hole cut in the door to receive the ring or spring.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
I. The use of a ring or spring placed between the knob and the door in the
manner described.
II. The use of a nut on the screw at the inside of the door to be used for the
purpose of tightening or loosening the pressure of the knob on the ring or spring
and so regulating the sound when struck by the hammer.
Dated this 10th day of December 1885.
Improvements in Portable Reading Lamps, Applicable for Use in Railway Carriages and similar Places.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in Portable Reading Lamps, Applicable for Use in
Railway Carriages and similar Places.
f
I, JOSEPH OWEN of South Castle Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
Optician do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is more particularly designed for the use of railway travellers,
though not limited thereto and its object is to provide a portable lamp of simple
construction that can be produced at a comparatively small cost.
It consists essentially of a candle socket or lamp burner and shade of some
translucent material with a hinged reflector which closes round the shade forming a
casing for the lamp.
In carrying out the invention I form a stand with a socket to hold a candle, or
with a lamp burner and attach to it small brackets to secure a shade of glass,
mica or other translucent material. To the stand is also fixed a standard or upright
to which is hinged two semicylindrical plates of metal or similar material; these
when closed fit closely round the shade forming a casing for the lamp, a cap being
placed on top to keep them closed. This also acts as an extinguisher. The semi
cylindrical plates are electro plated with nickel silver or other suitable metal or
otherwise burnished or polished and when open act as reflectors to the flame of the
candle or lamp. In the stand or bottom I place a small spring which acts upon
the hinged reflectors to hold them open when the top cap is removed. A pin or
hook is fixed in the bottom and another to the upright standard, which engage
with the cushions of the carriage to hold the lamp in the desired position.
WM P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and
323, High Holborn, London,
Patent Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st The improvement in portable reading lamps substantially as described, which
consists in a pair of plates, arranged so as to be capable of fulfilling the double
purpose of polished reflectors when open, and of a protecting case when closed.
2nd The combination of the reflectors G, and spring I, substantially as and for
the purposes described.
3rd The portable reading lamp constructed substantially as described.
Dated this 19th day of December 1885.
WM P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and
323, High Holborn, London,
Patent Agents for the Applicant,
FORMING THE 'RETURN ENDS OF MOULDED MITERED RETURN. NOSINGS AT ONE CUT
Year: 1885

page_text: DAVID HALL 11 Duke Street Eastbourne Carpenter & Builder do hereby declare
the nature of my invention for FORMING THE 'RETURN ENDS OF MOULDED MITERED
RETURN. NOSINGS AT ONE CUT to be as follows:-
This machine is formed of a cast iron frame with wrought iron lever & piston
the piston is square and works vertically it has a socket with thumb screw into
which is fixed the cutter the cutter is composed of two gouges and one chisel
combined together formming the exact section of the moulded nosing and is made
in all sizes to suit the different thicknesses of stair treads.

page_text: DAVID HALL 11 Duke Street Eastbourne Stair Builder &ct do hereby declare
the nature of my invention for STAIRCASES and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This machine is made for the purpose of forming the return end of moulded
mitred and returned nosings to stairs and has a cast iron frame A with two
projecting arms B B through which a wrought iron rod C is made to work
vertically. At the bottom end of this rod is formed a boss or socket D into which
is fixed the cutter by a square headed screw. There is a slot formed in the
aforementioned vertical rod, at E also through the frame at F through which is
inserted a wrought iron horizontal lever G by which the machine is worked by
hand. The cutter is formed by a combination of gouges and chisels together
forming an exact section of the moulded nosing required to be cut and is made in
all sizes to suit the different thicknesses of stair treads.
Having now particularly discribed and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1st That by using this machine the returned ends of nosings are completed at
one cut.
2nd That thereby it save's ninety per cent of labour.
3rd That it finishies the work in a far superior manner to any other method.
WASTE WATER PREVENTOR CISTERN IN WATER CLOSETS
Year: 1885

page_text: WALTER FARROW 7 New St Chelmsford Essex Plumber etc do hereby declare
the nature of my invention for WASTE WATER PREVENTOR CISTERN IN WATER
CLOSETS to be as follows:-
Waste Water Preventor Cistern with tip up inner Chamber-A Valve attached
5 to bottom of Ball Valve is acted upon by inner Chamber in such a manner, that
when tipped up the Water ceases to flow, thereby preventing Waste.-When
released it acts on the bottom Valve & allows Water to flow.

page_text: from a tip up chamber sufficient for cleansing the basin of Closet, this Chamber
acts on the Ball Valve in such a manner that when tipped, the Water ceases to
flow into the Cistern, thereby preventing Waste. When released it acts on the
bottom Valve and allows the Water to flow in.
The after flush is produced by boring a hole in outlet union G sec figure M.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I will proceed
to describe the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, where the same
letters of reference indicate similar parts in all the figures referring to the drawings
accompanying my provisional specification.
Year: 1885

page_text: mentioned viz
Silicate of soda solution, -
Prepared chalk
Litharge
Gelatine
Glycerine
8 parts by weight
-
5
"
"
»
-
1
"
23
ور
-
2
"
77
"
-
1/10 part
"
">
These ingredients are incorporated with the aid of heat and the box coated
with the mixture, while the latter is warm. When the coating is cold it is
burnished and the box is then finished and ready for use.

page_text: and other Greasy Substances.
I, JOHN ROGERS of 1, 2 and 3 Carter Street, Walworth in the County of Surrey,
Medical Box manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer
tained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to render wooden boxes (more especially boxes
turned out of willow wood) for containing pomatum, ointment and such like
substances grease proof, and it consists in coating the inside of the box with a
mixture or compound, which while possessing the required quality of impermeability
to grease, will not be liable to impart to the pomatum, ointment or other greasy
substance, any extraneous quality or otherwise injure the contents of the box.
The mixture or compound is composed of the following ingredients in or about
the proportions mentioned viz:-
Silicate of soda solution
-
Prepared chalk
Litbarge
Gelatine
Glycerine
-
8
parts by weight
-
5
"
>>
"
1
"
"
"
-NO
2
"
"
"
1/10th part
"
"
These ingredients are incorporated with the aid of heat (about 100° F) and the
internal surface of the box is coated with the mixture, while the latter is warm.
When the coating is cold it is burnished and the box is then ready for use. This
burnishing may be effected by chucking the box in a lathe and polishing with a
steel burnisher followed by a woolen rubber with white French polish.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
A wooden box lined or coated internally with a grease proof mixture or compound
composed of the ingredients herein specified in about the proportions stated.
Dated this 19th day of October 1885.
J. ROGERS.
By A. M. & Wm Clark,
Patent Agents,
53, Chancery Lane, London.
Year: 1885

page_text: WM P. THOMPSON & Co.,
323, High Holborn, London,
Patent Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: New or Improved Photographic Studio Appliance.
I, ALEXANDER ROBINSON of 7 Nunnery View Terrace, Peel Road, Douglas, Isle
of Man, Photographer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
This invention is designed to enable the person photographed to resemble the
arms of the Isle of Man. It consists in a light artificial leg made to any required
size, bent or straight, or with adjustable joint or joints, and to be attached to the
person so as to appear to be a third leg. The end next the body is provided with
straps, and a joint close to the body or soft air cushion or both so as to fit it in any
required position to the body. It must be dressed with trousers, knickerbockers,
stocking, sock, legging, shoe or boot to correspond with the dress of the wearer,
and can be fitted with spurs or not as desired.
It is preferably made of papier maché, cork, tin, pasteboard or inflated rubber
cloth.
To enable two of the legs to rest clear of the ground I prefer to let the real leg
at least, or both, to rest on fine wire suspended from above.
The drawing is copied from an actual photograph showing one position. It is
obvious however, that there are many other positions in which the invention could
be shown. This photographic studio appliance will also be found to have a limited
use in acting, and possibly other trades and professions besides photography-in
fact anywhere where the human figure can be advantageously made to mimic the
Manx arms.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
.
A light artificial leg provided with straps or equivalent fastenings and (when
used) with dress similar to that of the person wearing it, substantially as and for
the purpose described.
TIM D THANDSON
Self-adjustable for Varying Loads.
Year: 1885

page_text: Self-adjustable for Varying Loads.
I JAMES RAE Manager Car and Carraige Works David Street, Glasgow I do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for AN IMPROVED SPRING FOR TRAM
CARS AND OTHER VEHICLES, SELF-ADJUSTABLE FOR VARYING LOADS, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying sheet of drawings:
The improved Spring can be made any length, & is formed with a double curve,
with two Steel blocks opposite the Second curve which are riveted to the Scroll .
Irons; thus giving the use of a long or a short Spring according to the requirements
of the load.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings, the Spring A A' is a compound
or double curved laminated spring. When a heavy load is put on, steel blocks B B
fastened to the tail of the scroll irons C C come in contact with the portion A of
the compound curve A A¹ aforesaid and causes the springs to ride each as a short
spring, this contact is about 12 in. from the ends of a 5 ft. spring on a tram car, but
this distance must be regulated according to the length of the spring, thus, when
the vehicle is heavily loaded, it rides on a 3 ft. spring, and when empty or half
loaded, the luxury of a 5 ft. spring is ensured. By the adoption of my Invention
I am enabled to prevent all the "hobbling," swinging, motion so common and so
disagreeable in tram cars. The rattling of windows is prevented. Cars last as
long again, and do not get bent or "hogged" as they do when the ordinary spiral
or cone springs are employed. I am also enabled by my Invention to dispense
with the metal pedestal, such a frequent annoyance and expense, and eight spiral
springs which are continually breaking. The Variable Load Spring in accordance
with my Invention will last as long as the car, thereby effecting an enormous
saving, and rendering unnecessary a quantity of cumbrous side rods and other gear
indispensable when the usual kinds of springs are employed. Also by the adoption
of the improved spring according to my Invention, a car can be made much lighter
than as usually constructed.
Although I have described the improved springs according to my Invention, as
being specially applicable to tram cars, said improvements will also be found
invaluable in every description of spring vehicles where the load is variable.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that, what
I claim is
The Improved spring for tram cars and other vehicles substantially as herein set
forth and described and shewn in the accompanying drawing.
A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF GLAZING CHINA, PORCELAIN, EARTHENWARE AND PARIAN
Year: 1885

page_text: Earthenware, and Parian.
I, HENRY VENABLES, of 17, South Terrace, Linthorpe, Middlesborough, in the
County of York, Pottery Manager, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF GLAZING CHINA, PORCELAIN, EARTHENWARE
AND PARIAN" to be as follows:-
My invention consists in a method of glazing china, porcelain, earthenware and
parian by applying the glazing mixture in a heated and liquid, that is to say,
a molten state, to the article to be glazed.
>
The glazing material or compound of the kind suitable for the articles to be
glazed is well mingled and put into a crucible or other appropriate vessel and
placed in a furnace, or the glazing matter may be put into the crucible when the
latter is already in the fire, and brought to a state of liquid fusion or molten
condition. The article to be glazed is then, while in a heated state, dipped or
immersed in the beated liquid glaze, after which it is withdrawn and placed in a
suitable place or receptacle in order that it may be cooled. I do not confine myself
to one pot of glaze at one time, but may use a number of pots and variety of kinds
of glazes or mixtures as may be required and the article to be glazed may be
dipped into as many of the pots of glaze as may be necessary to produce the
effect intended or the molten glaze may be applied in any other way to the articles
to be glazed, or the successive coats of glaze may be applied at different times.
By my invention the articles are glazed by applying the glazing mixture in &
heated state and by so applying the glaze the time occupied by the present methods
in use and the cost of it and other matters are saved or economized.
Doted this 18th day of Sentember 1885

page_text: state and by so applying the glaze the time occupied by the methods at present in
use and the cost and other matters are saved or economized.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and the manner of performing the same I declare that what I claim is :-
The glazing of Ceramic articles by immersing them while in a heated state in
heated molten or liquid glaze substantially as described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TANDEM CONVERTIBLE TRICYCLES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, JAMES CARVER, of Great Alfred Street Mills, in the town and county of the
town of Nottingham, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of any invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN TANDEM CONVERTIBLE TRICYCLES, to be as follows:-
Instead of employing a pair of ball bearings, held by a forked bracket, attached
to the framing carrying the front steering wheel of a tandem convertible tricycle,
and attaching a second bracket, to the first bracket; I employ two pair of ball
bearings, each contained in a case on the main axle, each bearing working
independent of the others, one pair of cases are clipped by the hinged arins of
one of a pair of brackets, oue bracket being attached to the framing carrying the
front steering wheel, and the other bracket to the framing carrying the back wheel.
By such means I am enabled to detach either the framing carrying the front saddle
and guiding wheel, or the framing carrying the back wheel and saddle, and thus
convert the "tandem" machine into a lady's tricycle, or a gentleman's tricycle.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a side view, and Figure 2 a plan of the hinged brackets
I employ in carrying out my invention.
Instead of employing a pair of ball bearings held by a forked bracket attached
to the framing carrying the front steering wheel of a tandem convertible tricycle
and attaching a second bracket to the first bracket, I employ two pair of ball
bearings of the usual construction, one pair is contained in cases A, A, and the
other pair in cases B, B, on the main axle E, each pair of bearings working
independent of the other pair, one pair of cases A, A, are clipped by the hinged
arms of a bracket Cattached to the framing C which carries the front steering
wheel, the other pair of cases B, B, are clipped by the hinged arms of a bracket D
attached to the framing D², which carries the back wheel.
By such means, by simply removing the clamping screws C¹, I am enabled to
detach the framing 02 which carries the front saddle and guiding wheel, or by
removing the clamping screws D', I am enabled to detach the framing D² which
carries the back saddle and wheel, and thereby convert the tandem machine into a
lady's tricycle or a gentleman's tricycle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The employment upon the main axle of a Tandem convertible tricycle, of four
independent cases containing ball bearings, each pair of cases being clipped by the
hinged arms of a bracket.
2. The construction and employment of hinged brackets for converting a Tandem
tricycle into a lady's tricycle or a gentleman's tricycle, substantially as described
and illustrated in the Drawings annexed.
Improvements in the Preparation of Finings for the Clarification of Beers and Wines.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in the Preparation of Finings for the
Clarification of Beers and Wines.
I FRANCIS KEELING of 52 Lansdowne Gardens, South Lambeth London S.W.
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRE-
PARATION OF FININGS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement -
I prepare a solution of Sulphuric Acid having the strength of 0.1% H, SO or
of Hydrochloric Acid having the strength of 0.2 H Cl; the Isinglass to be treated
is placed in the solution in the proportion of 3-10 lbs per barrel of either of
these solution according to the nature & quality of Isinglass employed & then
treated in the ordinary way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1stly. The small cost of preparing Finings compared with all other methods.
Ondly Quickness of preparation
IMPROVEMENTS IN BABY-CARRIAGES OR PERAMBULATORS
Year: 1885

page_text: "
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BABY-CARRIAGES OR PERAMBULATORS
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in baby carriages or perambulators
whereby they may be more easily guided in a straight line, or made to turn short
curves or corners, all clearly hereinafter described.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section on the line z, z Figure 2 of a
carriage constructed according to this invention and
Figure 2 is a plan or top view of all that portion of the carriage below the
line Figure 1.
The body a of the carriage is made in any well known way, and is provided
with the usual pushing bars a' and wheels a².
The rear axle a is set upon springs a", which are secured to the body by bolts c,
and to the axle by bolts c¹. The front axle is connected to the springs c³ by
bolts c. These springs are also connected at the top, by bolts co to a forked
bar e, having a vertical rod e¹ which is set in bearings e, so that the weight of the
carriage rests upon the shoulder e³. The rod e¹, is located in advance of the axle,
as will be seen. This construction allows the axle and wheels to swing freely on
the rode when it is desired to turn the carriage in either direction, so that all that
is necessary to do is to move it in either direction by the pushing bars; for
instance, if it is desired to move it in the direction of the arrow f, all that is
required is to turn the carriage in that direction and the wheels pivotted to the
vertical rod will move in the direction shown by the dotted lines f¹.
The operation is very easy and neither end of the carriage is required to be
lifted up.
I bave shown the front axle as pivotted to the vertical rod e, but the rear axle
may be so pivotted and the front axle made stationary without changing the
nature of my invention.

page_text: By this construction it will be seen that one of the axles and wheels will act as
an ordinary caster wheel, and that when it is desired to turn the carriage all that
is necessary, is to turn it by means of the pushing bars, when the wheels and axles
will swing around on the vertical rod e¹ in the proper direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is
A baby carriage or perambulator having one of the axles supported upon springs,
connected to a vertically pivotted rod located in advance of the axle, in com-
bination with the running gear and pushing bars, whereby the carriage may be 1
easily guided in either direction by the pushing bars, substantially as described.
Dated this 29th day of Santember 100k
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.
PAINT BRUSH
Year: 1885

page_text: LEWIS SEPTIMUS BICKLEY and JOHN RICHARD WINN, of 14 James Street, Buto
Docks, Cardiff, Glamorganshire, Butchers, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for AN IMPROVED PAINT BRUSH to be as follows:-
A receiver to be manufactured with the brush and so fixed as to catch all the
paint running off when the painter is using it, and when he returns his brush for
more paint the whole of the drippings will be emptied into the pot. In painting
ships bottoms and all overhead work, the enormous waste of paint now so
unavoidable will be prevented, thereby saving many pounds worth of paint which
now falls into the dock or other place of work.
LEWIS SEPTIMUS BICKLEY.
JOHN RICHARD WINN.

page_text: An Improved Paint Brush.
LEWIS SEPTIMUS BICKLEY and JOHN RICHARD WINN, 14 James Street, Bute
Docks, Cardiff, Glamorganshire, Butchers, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for "AN IMPROVED PAINT BRUSH" TO PREVENT WASTE OF PAINT and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
That the invention consists of a cup or receiver which would be fixed when the
brush is made, so as to catch all the paint running off when the painter is using it,
and when he returns his brush for more paint, the whole of the drippings will be
emptied into the pot.
In painting ships bottoms and all overhead work the enormous waste of paint
now so unavoidable will be prevented, thereby saving many pounds worth of paint,
which now falls into the dock or other place of work.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
The saving of paint both in the dripping and the splashing of the brush.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ACETATE OF AMYL
Year: 1885

page_text: I WILLIAM VIRGO WILSON of Jubilee Street Mile End in the County of
Middlesex, Color Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ACETATE OF AMYL," to be as
follows:-
24
-:
My Invention relates to a new or improved process of manufacturing Acetate of
Amyl.
I mix fusel oil or amylic alcohol in equivalent proportions with black or gray
acetate of lime, and I treat this mixture with an excess of hydrochloric acid so as
to ensure complete decomposition of the acetate of lime; I then distil and collect
the condensed product, which is acetate of amyl, in a receiver by well known
means.
System of Wire Strengthening and Toughening for Brittle and Elastic Materials.
Year: 1885

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
System of Wire Strengthening and Toughening for Brittle and
Elastic Materials.
JOHN ARMSTRONG 11 Queen Victoria Street London, E.C. do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to afford to Asphalte, Paper Asbestos, Clay, Talc,
Glass, China, Slag, Earthenware, Porcelain Compressed Slate, Lead, Copper Brass,
Zinc, Tin, India-rubber Gutta-percha and such other materials of a brittle or elastic
nature or their combinations, a stiffness and tenacity, which they do not in them-
selves, or in their combinations possess.
This is accomplished by inserting in the interior of the substance to be
strengthened wires of metal, talc, asbestos, or other material or their combina-
tions best suited to the purpose to which it may be adapted.
The wires are placed in the material singly, or in rows, or in bundles or in
pieces, or in wrought or interlaced patterns, or woven, or in chains, or in ropes,
or in rings this is done while the material is in a soft state or during the process
of manufacture. The wires being placed in loose, or in frames, or secured and
bound together, so that when the material becomes set and hard the combina-
tion with the wires in the interior makes the whole into a tenacious and
homogeneous mass.
The wires are used of any section and of any material and of any substance,
thickness or strength that may be desired and that may be best suited for the
purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. Originality in the use of wires for strengthening purposes, as shown and
described in the foregoing specification.
Second. The application of these principles, shown or described in the foregoing
specification, to any other material for the purpose of strengthening.
Deted this 6th 2 M 1000
APPARATUS FOR THRASHING GRAIN
Year: 1885

page_text: 33
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
I ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the county of Middlesex,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention for "APPARATUS FOR
THRASHING GRAIN A communication from Apolinar Arrieta, Pampeluna, Spain
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The apparatus is shown in elevation in the accompanying drawings.
This apparatus presents the advantage of not crushing the grain and consists of a
frame A preferably quadrangular having hooks at the two ends by which a horse
may be put to it. In this frame a number of shafts B. B. are mounted preferably
in brass bearings; on each shaft a number of circular saws C of say 17 centimeter
diameter are mounted. Rollers D are provided on some of the shafts so as to
prevent the saws touching the ground when the apparatus is in operation. The
outermost shafts in the frame may be extended so as to serve as axles for wheels
which are placed on the apparatus for transport, this will be readily understood
without being shown in the drawing.
In operation the corn is spread on the floor or ground and the apparatus
(without the wheels) drawn along the same by any suitable means, this causes
rotation of the rollers and consequently of the circular saws which separate the
grain from the straw.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is
An improved apparatus for threshing grain (or separating it from the ear)
consisting essentially of a number of shafts carrying circular saws and capable
of revolving when drawn along the corn spread on a suitable floor.
Dated this 19th day of March 1885
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOFTENING OF VEGETABLE PARCHMENT
Year: 1885

page_text: "
I, HENRY HARINGTON LEIGH, of 22, Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOFTENING OF VEGETABLE PARCHMENT
(A communication to me from abroad by Carl Eichhorn, of Julich in the Empire of
Germany and Thomas Mohr of Stotzheim also in the Empire of Germany and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is an improvement in the process of treating
vegetable parchment with the view of rendering it more supple and soft, and
consequently more easily manipulated in the various circumstances under which it
is required for such purposes as covering the tops of jars and bottles, as well as for
any other purpose for which it would be totally unfit so long as it retained the
crispness and non-elacity which characterise it when it leaves the maker's hands
in its natural condition.
It has been proposed to use glycerine either mixed with water or with various
specified or unspecified substances of an oleaginous nature or supposed to be capable
of exerting a softening influence upon vegetable parchment.
Now according to this invention the selection of the proper substances to the
action of which the vegetable parchment is to be subjected is not left to experiment,
but is hereinafter clearly set forth.
I prepare a bath by mixing 6 parts of glycerine with four parts of chloride of
calcium (frequently spoken of as calcium chloride) and add clean water until the
whole has a strength of from 18° to 20° Beaume. The above proportions are by .
weight.
The sheets of vegetable parchment in the condition in which they are received
from the maker are immersed in the bath prepared as above specified and allowed
to remain therein until the proper degree of softening has been attained. The
time of immersion depends of course upon the thickness of the sheets to be operated
upon, and the degree of softness required.

page_text: When the sheets become as soft as it is required they are removed from the
bath and dried according to any of the well-known systems of artificial desiccation.
Any tendency to puckering which may display itself during drying can be
stopped by stretching, or puckering removed by rolling.
The vegetable parchment is then soft and pliable and ready for use for any
purpose for which its nature corrected and improved by being treated according to
this invention adapts it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, as the same has been communicated to me, and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
The use of the above specified bath for softening vegetable parchment by
subjecting the same to its action by way of immersion.
Dated this 6th day of May 1885.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Patent Agents,
22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C
Agents for the Applicant.