IMPROVEMENTS IN PREVENTING INCRUSTATION OF STEAM AND OTHER BOILERS
Year: 1850

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BENJAMIN
GAY BABINGTON, of George Street, Hanover Square, in the County of Middlesex,
Doctor of Medicine, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Seventh day of No-
vember, One thousand eight hundred and fifty, in the fourteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Benjamin Gay Babington, my exors, adñors, and assigns, Her especial license,
full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Benjamin Gay
Babington, my.exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Benjamin Gay Babington, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREVENTING INCRUSTATION OF STEAM AND
OTHER BOILERS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I,
the said Benjainin Gay Babington, shall cause a particular description of the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be enrolled in Her
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Benjamin Gay Babington, do hereby declare that the nature of my Inven-

page_text: tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that
is to say:
My Invention consists of the employment of voltaic agency as a means of
protecting steam and other metallic boilers from incrustration, by connecting
with such boilers a portion or portions of a more oxidable metal than that of
which the boilers themselves consist; such more oxidable metal to be placed
within the boiler, and in such a position as to be immersed in the water con-
tained in the boiler, and in metallic contact with the boiler itself. The plan
which I have found in practice to answer best is as follows:-I solder. to the
interior of the boiler by the ordinary soft solder, a sheet of zinc of the
ordinary zinc of commerce, of sixteen ounces weight to the square foot, the
zinc being soldered by one edge so as to expose both its surfaces to the water,
and being soldered to the boiler at such part, that when the boiler is filled
with water to the usual level, the zinc will be wholly immersed in the water.
I have found that a good proportion for the surface of the zinc to bear, to
that of the interior surface of the boiler which is covered with water, is one
fifteenth, calculating only one surface of the sheet of zinc. In process of
time the zinc becomes corroded. This effect takes place slowly, but when the
zinc is much reduced a fresh sheet should be soldered in place of the worn
one; and when the boiler is large, two, three, or more sheets of zinc should
be soldered in different parts of the boiler; the whole one-sided surface of
such sheets being to the whole surface of the boiler exposed to the water in
the proportions I have above indicated. By these means, I have found that
the voltaic action set up between the zinc, the metal of the boiler, and the
water, prevents those incrustrations which usually form on the interior of
boilers, and which have in practice been found very injurious.
Having stated the means which I employ, and which I have found in
practice successful, I further state,, that I do not confine myself to the exact
details, as the proportions, the metal employed, the means of effecting metallic
contact or such conducting connexion as is sufficient to enable voltaic action
to take place, and other details, may be varied, and still the boilers may be
effectually protected; but I have given that plan which I have found in practice
to answer best.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Gay Babington, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.
B. G. (L.S.) BABINGTON.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-fifth day of April, in
the year of our Lord 1851, the aforesaid Benjamin Gay Babington came
before our said Lady the. Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Seventh day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
Seight hundred and fifty-one.

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BENJAMIN
GAY BABINGTON, of George Street, Hanover Square, in the County of Middlesex,
Doctor of Medicine, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal. of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Seventh day of No-
vember, One thousand eight hundred and fifty, in the fourteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Benjamin Gay Babington, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial license,
full power,, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Benjamin Gay
Babington, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Benjamin Gay Babington, my eñors, admors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREVENTING INCRUSTATION OF STEAM AND
OTHER BOILERS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I,
the said Benjamin Gay Babington, shall cause a particular description of the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be enrolled in Her
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Beniamin Gav Babington do hereby declare that the nature of my Inven-

page_text: tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that
is to say:
My Invention consists of the employment of voltaic agency as a means of
protecting steam and other metallic boilers from incrustration, by connecting
with such boilers a portion or portions of a more oxidable metal than that of
which the boilers themselves consist, such more oxidable metal to be placed
within the boiler, and in such a position as to be immersed in the water con-
tained in the boiler, and in metallic contact with the boiler itself. The plan
which I have found in practice to answer best is as follows:-I solder to the
interior of the boiler by the ordinary soft solder, a sheet of zinc of the
ordinary zinc of commerce, of sixteen ounces weight to the square foot, the
zinc being soldered by one edge so as to expose both its surfaces to the water,
and being soldered to the boiler-at- such part, that when the boiler is filled
with water to the usual level, the zinc will be wholly immersed in the water. I
I have found that a good proportion for the surface of the zinc to bear, to
that of the interior surface of the boiler which is covered with water, is one
fifteenth, calculating only one surface of the sheet of zinc. In process of
time the zinc becomes corroded. This effect takes place slowly, but when the
zinc is much reduced a fresh sheet should be soldered in place of the worn!
one; and when the boiler is large, two, three, or more sheets of zinc should
be soldered in different parts of the boiler; the whole one-sided surface of
such sheets being to the whole surface of the boiler exposed to the water in
the proportions I have above indicated. By these means, I bave found that
the voltaic action set up between the zinc, the metal of the boiler, and the :
water, prevents those incrustrations which usually form on the interior of
boilers, and which have in practice been found very injurious.
.
Having stated the means which I employ, and which I have found in
practice successful, I further state, that I do not confine myself to the exact
details, as the proportions, the metal employed, the means of effecting metallic
contact or such conducting connexion as is sufficient to enable voltaic action
be
to take place, and other details, may be varied, and still the boilers may
effectually protected; but I have given that plan which I have found in practice
to answer best.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Gay Babington, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of April, in the year of
To thousand night hundred and fifty-one.
B. G. (L.s.) BABINGTON.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-fifth day of April, in
the year of our Lord 1851, the aforesaid Benjamin Gay Babington came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Seventh day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-one.