IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF AGENTS TO BE USED IN THE TREAT- MENT OF SEWAGE AND OTHER LIQUID OR SEMI-LIQUID PUTRESCENT OR PUTRESCIBLE MATTERS AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SUCH MATTERS to bo as follows
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I JOHN WILLIAM SLATER of N° 36 Wray Crescent Holloway in the County of
Middlesex Analytical Chemist do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF AGENTS TO BE USED IN THE TREAT-
MENT OF SEWAGE AND OTHER LIQUID OR SEMI-LIQUID PUTRESCENT OR PUTRESCIBLE
MATTERS AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SUCH MATTERS
to bo as
follows:-
"
I take a quantity of peat preferably such as is dense and compact and not of a
loose or stringy texture and add to it a quantity of dry clay and grind the whole
with sufficient water to produce a mixture of the consistence of a thin paste. This
mixture is hereinafter referred to as mixture N° 1.
I then take iron slags in a fine state of division or slag wool and treat them or
it with crude muriatic acid whereby the alumina present in the slag is converted
into muriate of alumina otherwise known as hydrated aluminium chloride. This
action may be expedited by the application of heat. The acid must be used in
such quantity that the mixture shall be slightly acid after the required action on
the slag is produced. This mixture is hereinafter referred to as mixture N° 2.
I use the said mixtures for the treatment of sewage as follows:-I add the
mixture No 1 to the sewage in the proportion of from twenty to thirty parts by
bulk of the mixture to ten thousand parts by bulk of sewage and after the
mixture has become thoroughly incorporated with the sewage I add thereto the
mixture N° 2 in the proportion of from six to eight parts by bulk thereof to ten
thousand parts by bulk of the sewage. The addition of the said mixtures to the
sewage causes precipitation of the organic matters in solution and suspension.
When this result is produced I allow the supernatant water to flow off and remove
the precipitate.
The quantity of clay which I add to the peat in preparing the mixture N° 1 is
ordinarily from one fourth to one half the weight of the solid matter contained in
the peat the proportion of clay varying according to the temperature of the sewage

page_text: to be treated more clay being required when the temperature is high than when it
is low,
The clay used must be as free as possible from sand or grit and from compounds
of iron and carbonate of lime carbonate of magnesia sulphate of limo and sulphate
of magnesin. If desirable the clay may be added in a moist state to the post but
in such caso allowance must be made for the water contained in the clay in
calculating the proportion of clay required.
It is of great importance that the slag used should be free or nearly free from
oxides of iron lime magnesia compounds of sulphur and alkalies. In order to
ascertain if the sing is of the required quality a sample of it should be tested by 1
analysis before use.. If iron is present in the slag in the form of a ferrous salt
I add to the said mixture No 2 about one per cent of its weight of chloride of
copper or of waste manganese from chlorine stills or of any other agent capable of
transferring oxygen from tho air to dissolved and suspended matters while in a
slightly acid solution.
If the sewage to be treated be alkaline I further add to the said mixture N° 2
sufficient muriatic acid to neutralize the sewage or to render it slightly acid.
If the sewage to be treated contain solutions of iron I use in place of the pent
any cheap form of carbon such as sawdust or spent dye woods moistened with
muriatic acid or sulphuric acid and alightly heated.
The state of the sewage and the nature and relative proportions of its
constituents should be ascertained by testing it in the ordinary way before treat-
ment and the result of the treatment should also be ascertained by analysis of the
effluent water as is usual.
The relative proportions in which I have herein before stated the mixtures
hereinbefore described should be added to the sewage are those which I have found
to answer well in the treatment of sewage containing an average quantity of
organic matter. Where the sowage to be treated contains more or less than the
average quantity of organic matter the proportions in which the said mixtures
should be used will be relatively greater or less than those heroinbefore stated I do
not however limit myself to any particular proportions.
The muriatic acid berein before referred to is the crude acid known in commerce
88 "Tower salts."
The mixtures herein before described are applicable for use not only in the
treatment of Bewago but also in the treatment of the waste liquors from dye
works and tanneries and other waste liquors and such other liquid or semi liquid
putrescent or putrescible matters as are capable of purification by precipitation.
Dated this twenty-sixth day of September 1884.

page_text: Improvements in the. Preparation of Agents to be Used in the
Treatment of Sewage and other Liquid or Semi Liquid
Putrescent or Putrescible Matters, and Improvements in the
I JOHN WILLIAM SLATER of No 36 Wray Crescent Holloway in the County of
Middlesex Analytical Chemist do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
or "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF AGENTS TO BE USED IN THE
TREATMENT OF SEWAGE AND OTHER LIQUID OR SEMI LIQUID PUTRESCENT OR
PUTRESCIBLE MATTERS AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SUCH MATTERS
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
13
I take a quantity of peat preferably such as is dense and compact and not of
a loose or stringy texture and add to it a quantity of dry clay and grind the whole
with sufficient water to produce a mixture of the consistence of a thin paste. This
mixture is hereinafter referred to as mixture N° 1.
I then take iron slags in a fine state of division or slag wool and treat them or
it with crude muriatic acid whereby the alumina present in the slag is converted
into muriate of alumina otherwise known as hydrated aluminium chloride. This
action may be expedited by the action of heat: The acid must be used in such
quantity that the mixture shall be only slightly acid after the required action on
the slag is produced. This mixture is hereinafter referred to as mixture N° 2.
I use the said mixtures for the treatment of sewage as follows:-I add the
mixture No 1 to the sewage in the proportion of from twenty to thirty parts by
bulk of the mixture to ten thousand parts by bulk of sewage and after the mixture
has become thoroughly incorporated with the sewage I add thereto the mixture N° 2
in the proportion of from six to eight parts by bulk thereof to ten thousand parts
by bulk of the sewage. The addition of the said mixtures to the sewage causes
precipitation of the organic matters in solution and suspension. When this result
is produced I allow the supernatant water to flow off and remove the precipitate.
In cases where the mixtures cannot be conveniently added to the sewage
separately they may be added conjointly but I prefer to add them separately as
herein described.
The quantity of clay which I add to the peat in preparing the mixture N° 1 is
ordinarily from one fourth to one half the weight of the solid matter contained in
the peat the proportion of clay varying according to the temperature of the sewage
to be treated more clay being required when the temperature is high than when it
is low. When the temperature is below fifty degrees Fahrenheit the minimum
quantity of clay may be used.
The clay used must be as free as possible from sand or grit and from compounds
of iron and carbonate of lime carbonate of magnesia sulphate of lime and sulphate
of magnesia. If desirable the clay may be added in a moist state to the peat but
in such case allowance must be made for the water contained in the clay in
calculating the proportion of clay required.
It is of great importance that the alag used should be free or nearly free from
oxides of iron lime magnesia compounds of sulphur and alkalies In order to

page_text: ascertain if the slag is of the required quality a sample of it should be tested by
analysis before use. If iron is present in the slag in the form of a ferrous salt
I add to the said mixture N° 2 about ono per cent of its weight of chloride of
copper or of waste manganese from clilorine stills or of any other agent capable of
transferring oxygen from the air to dissolved and suspended matters while in a
slightly acid solution. I do not use Basic Slag as I have found it unsuitable.
If the sewage to be treated be alkaline I further add to the said mixturo N° 2
sufficient muriatic acid to neutralize the sewage or to render it slightly acid.
If the sewage to be treated contain solutions of iron I use in place of the peat
any cheap forin of carbon such as sawdust or spent dye woods carbonized by being
moistened with muriatic acid or sulphuric acid and slightly heated. The object of
carbonizing the said matters is to destroy or remove any resinous or oily matter
contained in them which would interfere with their action on the sewage or other
matter to be treated.
The state of the sewage and the nature and relativo proportions of its con-
stituents should be ascertained by testing it in the ordinary way before treatment
and the result of the treatment should also be ascertained by analysis of the
effluent water as is usual.
The relative proportions in which I have herein before stated the mixtures
herein before described should be added to the sewage are those which I have found
to auswer well in the treatment of sewage containing an average quantity of
organic matter i, about thirty grains per gallon. Where the sewage to be treated
contains more or less than the average quantity of organic matter the proportions
in which the said mixtures should be used will be relatively greater or less than
those bereinbefore stated. I do not however limit myself to any particular.
proportions.
The muriatic acid herein before referred to is the crude acid known in commerco
as "Tower salta."
The mixtures hereinbefore described are applicable for use not only in the
treatment of sewage but also in the treatment of the waste liquors from dye works
and tanneries and other wasto liquors and such other liquid or semi liquid putrescent
or putrescible mattera as are capable of purification by precipitation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First The use in the treatment of sewage and other liquid or semi liquid
putrescant or putrescible matters of a mixture prepared na herein before describod
and heroinbefore referred to as mixture N° 1 the said mixture consisting of pent
and clay ground together with water.
Secondly-The treatment of sowage and other liquid or semi liquid putrescent
or putrescible matters by the addition theroto of the two mixtures prepared as
liereinbafore described and herein before referred to as mixture N° 1 and mixture
N° 2 whether the said mixtures be added separately or conjointly to the sewago or
other matters to be treated.
Dated this twenty fourth day of June 1885.