AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR WRINGING CLOTHING AND OTHER WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Jay. Haley, of South Dedham, State of
Massachusetts, United States of America, now residing at No. 7, King
Street, Cheapside, in the City of London, Merchant, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR WRINGING CLOTHING AND OTHER WOVEN
FABRICS." Partly a communication from abroad by William Rhoads, of
South Dedham, aforesaid.
Sealed the 18th January 1868, and dated the 22nd July 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Jay Haley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
July 1862.
I, JOHN JAY HALEY, of South Dedham, State of Massachusetts, United
States of America, now residing at No. 7, King Street, Cheapside, in the City
of London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR WRINGING CLOTHING AND OTHER WOVEN FABRICS,"
the same being partly my own Invention and partly the result of a communi-
cation to me from abroad by William Rhoads, of South Dedham, aforesaid,
to be as follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in the novel construction and com-

page_text: bination of the parts of a wringing machine. These improvements more
particularly relate to the methods of adjusting the two rollers used to the
various thicknesses of material to be operated upon; to a water guide for
conducting the waste water back into the vessel to which the machine is fixed;
and to a peculiar mode of attaching india-rubber rollers, or those of a similar
material to metallic shafts, for the purpose of securing the rollers firmly thereon
and preventing chemical action between the two substances.
The frame of this machine, composed of two stanchions or posts suitably
connected, may be constructed of wood or metal. A strip is attached to each
post forming with said posts clamps for securing the machine upon the side of
the vessel used in washing. Two rollers are employed fixed on shafts, the
bearings of the lower roller turning in stationary boxes secured in the posts of
the machine. The bearings of the top rollers turn in movable boxes, which
slide in vertical grooves formed in the stanchions, thereby varying the space
between the two rollers according to the character of the material passed
through the machine; these rollers may be adjusted by means of cams or
wedges or be made self-adjusting by the employment of metallic springs or
yielding levers bearing upon the upper end of movable pieces, which extend
down to the boxes of the top roller. A convenient method of arranging the
movable levers is to hinge ono end of each to the posts respectively, and to
prolong them beyond the opposite post, and then to confine these levers down
upon the movable pieces by means of india-rubber bands passed over their
ends and fastened below, or these may be kept down by means of springs.
The water guide inclining inward is fixed between the two posts, and is of a
width sufficient to catch the water falling from the articles during the process
of wringing, and to carry it into the washing vessel.
My improved mode of attaching india-rubber rollers to metallic shafts is as
follows:-The shafts are first covered with varnish, and then pieces of twinc
or cord are wound closely around the shafts, or they may be covered with cloth.
Afterwards one or more coatings of india-rubber or other adhesive cement are
applied to this covering, and also to the bore or centre of the rollers. Before
the last coat of cement is dry, the shafts are forced through the perforations in
the rollers, and when dry the shafts will be found firmly united to the rollers
and the disadvantages heretofore experienced of chemical action consequent
upon the immediate contact of metal and india-rubber are entirely obviated.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Jay Haley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd January 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
5 JAY HALEY, of South Dedham, State of Massachusetts, United States of
America, now residing at No. 7, King Street, Cheapside, in the City of
London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Jay Ilaley, Her special licence, that I, the said John Jay
Halcy, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said John Jay Haley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter, during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR WRINGING CLOTHING, AND OTHER WOVEN
FABRICS," (partly my own Invention, and partly a communication from abroad
by William Rhodes, of South Dedham, aforesaid,) upon the condition,
amongst others, that I, the said John Jay Haley, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Jay Haley, do hereby declaro
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings forming a part
of this Specification.
The nature of said Invention consists in the novel construction and arrange-
ment of the various parts of a machine, more especially designed for squeezing
or forcing water from clothing and other fabrics, but which may be used without
alteration for washing or expressing dirt from the same, and also to expedite
the process of starching; these improvements relate to various methods of
exerting the pressure upon the two rollers employed to properly adjust them.

page_text: to the thickness of the material or articles passed through the machine; to
modes of fixing the machine firmly upon the tub or washing vessel; to a water
guide or slanting board for conducting the water back into the tub, and to a
novel manner of attaching rolls of india-rubber or other similar material to
shafts, by which they are firmly secured, and chemical action, which takes place
when the rolls come in contact with metal, is prevented.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a machine containing several of theso
improvements; Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal section thereof; Figure 3
is an clevation of a roller on an enlarged scale; Figure 4 is a longitudinal
central section of a roller constructed according to said Invention.
Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, illustrato modified methods of applying the
pressure to the rollers, and of making them self-adjusting, also of attaching
the machine to the tub or vessel.
.
In the form represented by Figure 5, the required pressure is exerted by
a simple spiral spring E acting upon the upper shaft; and the clamp b, which
fastens the machine to the tub, is adjusted by means of two thumbscrews.
In Figure 6 the pressure is obtained by a compound action, the eleptic
spring F acting upon the cross piece II, the latter acting upon the upper shaft,
either through a sliding block or spring, as may be desired.
In the forni represented by Figure 7, an eleptic spring is fixed at the bottom
of the machine, and the pressure upon the rollers which are held in a simple
frame, is exerted by means of the hooked rods ; x, which are passed around
the upper shaft, as shown by the dotted lines. The manner of attaching this
form to the tub, is by constructing suitable handles or projections on the tub,
which are keyed into the mortices cut on the ends of the base board J. In
Figure 8, the pressure is applied by means of cams v, connected by the cross
rod L, and operated by the handle N, by which arrangement the pressure may
be varied at will. In Figure 9, the rollers are represented as connected by
two eleptic springs, by which means the desired pressure may be obtained.
Having briefly referred to the modified forms, I will proceed to describe
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, in detail, as the most essential principles of said
Invention are shewn in these Figures.
A, A, in the various Figures are two stanchions or posts, to the face of each
of which is attached by screws (one or more of which for convenience are
thumbscrews) the piece b. This piece with a post A, forms a pair of clamps
to secure the machine upon the tub or washing vessel. In Figure I. the upper
end of the piece b6 is forced outward by, means of the thumbscrew c, which

page_text: brings the lower end toward the post A. In Figure 5 the piece b is moved
towards the post a by means of two thumbscrews. The said posts being
placed inside the tub or washing vessel, and the pieces b, b, on the outside,
the movement of the thumbscrew or screws fixes the machine firmly upon
the said washing vessel. The rods d, d, d¹, connect the stanchions or parts
together, and just above the rods d, d, shown in Figure I. is fixed to the stanchions
a water guide y having an inclination sufficient to carry the. waste water
readily back into the tub or vessel. The lower roller B, Figure I., has its
bearings permanently set in boxes in the stanchions A, A, and is revolved by a
crank on its axis which is prolonged through one of its stanchions. The upper.
roller C rests on or is placed above the roller B, and turns on movable bearings,
which slide in vertical grooves in the stanchions A, A. These bearings g, g,
extend to or near the top of the machine and the upper ends are rounded, as
shown in Figure II. A lever D is hinged at i to each of the stanchions A,
and extends across the machine, its end projecting a short distance beyond
the opposite stanchion. Over the projecting end of each of these levers, is
passed a stout india-rubber band or spring, which is attached below to. a
pin h, projecting from the side of each stanchion. A spiral or other spring
may be used instead of the india-rubber band. The portion of each lever D
near the end which is hinged may be hollowed out at m, where it rests on the
head of one of the bearings g or left plain. This part of the lever may bu.
protected with a plato of metal, to prevent its wearing away. In place of the
levers above described, for exerting a yielding pressure on the rollers,, and
rendering the machine self-adjusting, metal springs may be used as shown
at E, Figure 5; or these springs may be placed between two cross pieces, onc
permanently fixed to the stanchions A, A, and the other resting on the
bearings 9, 9, as shown in Figure 6; or pressure may be applied to the lower
cross piece by means of a cam alone as shown in Figure 8; or a cam may be
used in connection with the spring to increase the adjustability of the machine..
The upper roller may be fixed permanently to the bearing, and the lower one
made movable, which would however necessitate the application of the levers
or springs, or cams, to the bottom of the machine, which is the arrangement
shewn in Figure 7 when the upper roller is movable. The movement of the
rollers draws in the article or material presented to the machine, and raises
the upper roller, Figure I., and the bearings 9, 9, against the lever D, which is
held by the india-rubber band k, or cams or springs applied to the cross pieces.
When levers are used, as shown in Figure 1 only light springs k, k³, are required;
which have a considerable range of motion. The lever at.m, whether straight
or curved, keeps a bearing on the end of the piece 9, during the rise of the

page_text: lever D. The rollers in Figures I. and II. are of wood, but in practice those
of india-rubber with a metal axle are found preferable. In passing fabrics
between two rollers which have solid or metallic shafts surrounded by thick
tubes of india-rubber, especially where the shafts are small in proportion to
the size of the rollers, and as well when these rollers are used in machines for
other purposes, it has been found heretofore almost impossible so to connect
the rubber with the shaft as to prevent the latter from turning round in tho
former, when a great pressure was brought upon the rubber. To effect a
firm connection between the two, and to prevent the chemical action con-
sequent upon an immediate contact of the rubber and metal are the objects of
the second part of my Invention. This chemical action not only loosens the
rubber, but it produces a black fluid which is injurious to the fabrics. To
secure a firm and enduring connection between the metal and the rubber has
been a great desideratum, and various means have been adopted for that purpose.
The application of india-rubber, or other cement to the shaft before putting on
the roller has failed from the effect of chemical action; and when the shaft is
made rough, or with teeth, the inside of the roller or tubing is cut, and thereby
becomes loosened on the shaft. Other methods tried have also failed to
accomplish the desired object. The plan adopted by me to obviato these
difficulties, and which has proved entirely successful, is substantially as
follows:-I first cover the metallic shaft A', Figures III. and IV. with a
coating of varnish a' which on drying rigidly adheres to the same. Copal
varnish being very adhesive, and not injuriously acted upon when brought in
contact with iron is preferable. Over this coating and while the varnish is in
a soft state, I closely wind a small cord or twine & spirally or at right angles
to the axis of the shaft, or instead of the twine a strip of cloth or canvass may
be used. To this covering, I apply one or more coatings c² of india-rubber or
adhesive cement and allow the same to become dry; then I apply another
coating of cement; next I give the chamber or bore of the tube B, one or
more coatings of india-rubber or other cement; the outer tube being forced
on the shaft, time is allowed for the varnish and cement to perfectly dry. India-
rubber tubing having been connected in this way to metallic shafts, it will be
found impossible to separate the two by any ordinary force, and the connection
is very enduring. The rollers thus prepared may be employed in lieu of one
or both of the wooden rollers shown in Figures I. and II.
Having particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said im-
provements, what I claim as my Invention is,-
First, the sliding bearings g, g, or their equivalents substantially as and for
the purpose herein set forth.

page_text: Second, the employment of one or more yielding levers, in connection with
elastic bands k, k, or springs, for the purpose and substantially in the manner
herein set forth..
Third, the use of a cam vor cams whether used alone, or in connection with
a spring, for the purpose of adjusting the rollers.
Fourth, the water guide y when used for the purpose herein set forth.
Fifth, I claim uniting india-rubber rollers to metallic shafts substantially
as herein described.
Sixth, I claim also the piece 6, in combination with the post A, the
screws a, c, arranged and operated in the manner and for the purposes herein
set forth.
In witness whereof, I, have hereunto set my hand and scal, this
Twentieth day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-two.
JOHN JAY HALEY. (L.S.)