IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING AND REGISTERING LIQUIDS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Punshon, of the Town and County of
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING AND REGISTERING LIQUIDS."
Sealed the 30th July 1872, and dated the 3rd February 1872.

page_text: of the level of liquid within the cask or vessel. For this purpose by
preference a float, of the same specific gravity as the liquid to be
measured, is connected by means of a cord with a small revolving
drum, on the axis of which is an indicator, which by the revolution
of the drum is carried round a stationary disc or dial and made to
point to the divisions marked thereon. A toothed or serrated wheel
is also acted upon by a small pinion on the axis of the drum so as to
multiply the indications in the ordinary manner. Another wheel or
wheels may be added to multiply the indications as required.
The apparatus is or may be adapted and applied to a cask by in-
serting a hollow stem or tube through the bung, by which stem the
disc or dial and the drum are supported, the cord from which the float
is suspended being passed through the said stem or tube and wound on
to the drum, so that as the float or weight descends the cord will be
wound off the drum, which will be thereby caused to revolve and effect
the indications required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Punshon in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 1st August, 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
PUNSHON, of the Town and County of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Gentle-
man, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Robert Punshon, Her special licence
that I, the said Robert Punshon, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert Punshon, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the

page_text: the apparatus on one side, and Fig. 4
In
Fig. 1 is an elevation UI
represents the same on the opposite side; Fig. 3 is a vertical section
of the apparatus, and Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the same.
these several Figures the same letters of reference indicate corresponding
parts.
a is a box or case in which is mounted a drum 6 on an axis c, having
on it a pinion d gearing with the toothed wheel e, on the axis of which
is fixed the indicator f. By means of this connection, on any motion
being imparted to the drum b, it will be communicated to the
indicator f. To the drum 6 is fixed one end of the cord g, from the
other end of which is suspended the float h, so that as the float
descends it unwinds the cord and causes the drum 6 to revolve.
The cord 9 passes through a hollow stem or tube i, on which the
bung. of the cask is intended to be placed, before it is inserted in the
ordinary hole; k is a handle fixed to the axis c for the purpose of
winding the cord on to the drum as required.
For the foregoing description of the parts and their connection,
it will be evident that on liquid being withdrawn from a cask to
which the apparatus is applied, the float h will be allowed to descend,
thereby turning the drum 6 on the axis c, and through the pinion d
and toothed wheel e communicating motion to the indicator f round
the dial 1, on which will be marked divisions adapted to indicate
the extent of vertical movement of the float. In addition to this
it will be necessary to have a card for every cask or vessel of different
sizes, in order to shew what quantity of liquid is represented by the
descent of the float through the vertical space of an inch or part of an
inch, or other convenient measurement.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that what I
claim as of my Invention is, the apparatus described, consisting of an
indicator worked by the descent of a float on the withdrawal of liquid

page_text: from casks or vessels, thereby indicating and registering the vertical
distance traversed by the float and the quantity of liquid represented
thereby.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Punshon, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Thirty-first day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
ROBERT PUNSHON. (L.S.)