IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING GRAIN
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Polson, of Paisley, in the County of
Renfrew, North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TREATING GRAIN."
Sealed the 15th March 1870, and dated the 20th September 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Polson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th September 1869.
I, JOHN POLSON, of Paisley, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN TREATING GRAIN, to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object the obtainment of a special product
from grain in a state suitable for various culinary purposes by a com-
bination of processes not hitherto in use for such purpose. This is
effected by desiccating the grain, after which it is moistened, and when
in this state the greater portion of the husk or coarse skin or covering
of the grain is more easily separated, the separation being effected by a
hulling machine or other means by which that operation may be pro-

page_text: duced; thus the grain has the husk or coarse skin separated from it.
The grain after having the coarse skin or outer coating separated is
coarsely ground, and the different portions separated by brushing,
fanning, and sieving, so
so that the special portion, namely, that situated
between the core or centre and outer coating of the grain, is at once
obtained in the separate state of coarse particles.
As constituting this Invention and as novel and original it is intended
to claim the separation of the portions of grain intermediate between the outer
skin or coat and the central portion of the grain by the means herein-before
referred to.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Polson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
16th March 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
POLSON, of Paisley, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain, send
greeting.
Victoria, by Her
September, in the
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Polson, Her special license,
that I, the said John Polson, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said John Polson, my executors, adminis-
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING
GRAIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Polson,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
that is to say-
My said Invention has for its object the obtainment of a special
product from grain in a state suitable for various culinary purposes by
a combination of processes not hitherto adopted, and it is carried out
in practice in the following manner:-The grain is in the first place
desiccated by exposure to a current of air, or it may be dried in a kiln,
but in cases where the grain is naturally dry and hard a special drying
or desiccating process may be unnecessary; the grain is then cleaned by
the usual machinery or apparatus for that purpose, after which it is
moistened with water or steam in
and if
manner,
any convenient
moistened with water it is preferred to have the water at a temperature
of about 100° Fahrenheit, so that it may suddenly or the more speedily
expand the husk from its contracted state, and thus facilitate its sub-
sequent separation. The moistened grain is now passed through a
hulling machine as often as may be necessary for the complete separation
of the outer husk and the cleaning of the core. The husk is separated
either in the process of hulling or thereafter by brushing, or fanning, or
the equivalent thereof. It is to be understood that I prefer not to keep
the grain moistened for any length of time, but to hull it as soon after
it is moistened as possible. The grain after having the coarser skin or
outer coating separated is coarsely ground and the flour separated by a
sieve or bolting machine; the residual ог coarser unground product is
then passed over sieves in a succession of varying degrees of fineness in
order to effectually separate the finer from the coarser particles or husky
portion, the latter of which is again ground and subjected to a similar
sieving or separating process. A portion of the finely ground husk from
the crease or indentation of the grain which has not been separated by
the hulling operation may pass through with the flour, and to separate
this husk a current of air is applied and so regulated as to carry off the husk
and other light substances, thus leaving the particles of pure core of the grain,
which I term "pearlina," in a separate state.
In order to facilitate the further removal of the husk or residual
matter the product may previously to undergoing either or both of the
two last-described processes be subjected to a current of heated air, so as

page_text: to thoroughly desiccate it, or if found more suitable it may be dried in a
kiln.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
system or manner under which the same is or
is or may be practically
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the obtainment
or production of the portion of the grain which I term "pearlina,"
in the manner and by the combination of processes substantially as
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Polson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of March One thousand
eight hundred and seventy.
JOHN POLSON. (L.S.)