A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF DRYING AND PREPARING MALT
Year: 1817

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DANIEL
WHEELER, of Hyde Street, in the Parish of Saint George's, Bloomsbury, and
County of Middlesex, Colouring Maker, send greeting.
eighth
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-seventh day of
March, in the fifty-seventh year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the
said Daniel Wheeler, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, that I, the said Daniel
Wheeler, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, should and lawfully might, during
the term of years therein mentioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
"A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF DRYING AND PREPARING MALT;" in which said
Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that if I, the said Daniel Wheeler,
shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said
Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted,
shall utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the same,
relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Daniel Wheeler, do hereby declare that my said Invention consists in the

page_text: heating of malt to four hundred degrees and upwards of Fahrenheit's ther-
mometer, according to a process or processes hereafter described, and in
so heating it that the greater part of the saccharine and annylaceous
principles of the grain become changed into a substance resembling gum, and
extractive matter of a deep brown colour, readily soluble in hot or cold
water. A small quantity of malt thus prepared will suffice for the purpose
of colouring beer or porter, and may be used with advantage as a substitute
for the colouring made of sugar, which was allowed by the Act of 51 Geo. 3,
cap. 87, and prohibited by the 56 Geo. 3, cap. 58. The apparatus for
preparing the malt may be variously constructed, provided they be made
of such materials and so formed as to be capable of allowing the grain to be
sufficiently heated. I have found one convenient mode of applying the heat
to be by means of a cylindrical iron machine or vessel, similar in its con-
struction to that now commonly used with a revolving motion for roasting
of coffee. During the process this machine should be kept in motion in
order that the malt may be dispersed or made to change its position as often
as possible, to prevent its agglutinating, adhering to the vessel, or becoming
carbonized; and with this view the vessel should be drawn out from the
fire very frequently, either every minute, or at intervals of from one minute
to five minutes, according to the intensity of the fire. When this treatment
has been continued a proper time the grain becomes very highly coloured, and
in this state a given quantity of it, ground and digested in hot or cold water,
will yield the deepest coloured solution. If the process be continued too long,
the temperature be raised too high, or the grain be not sufficiently agitated,
its colouring property will be diminished, and ultimately it will be converted
into a coaly substance, insoluble in water, and, of course, yielding no colour.
Another apparatus which may be used for this purpose consists of a hollow
iron cylinder, open at both ends, made to revolve upon pivots or axes,
and having withinside it, from one end to the other, a screwlike channel.
This cylinder is placed in a proper fireplace, and the grain being continually
poured into one end of it and the cylinder kept turning round, the grain is
progressively carried forwards by the action of the screw within it, and
delivered at the other end heated to the proper degree, which may be regulated
by the greater or lesser speed of the cylinder, and by the management of the
process
fire. The progress may also be performed on kilns made nearly of the ordinary
construction, under proper management, and by various other contrivances
which need not be described; it being sufficient to specify the nature of the
operation by which the object of the Patent is obtained, without mentioning
every possible manner of doing it. In regard to the time requisite to produce

page_text: the proper effect upon the grain, it is obvious that it must be variable,
depending upon the size of the aparatus, the quantity and quality of the malt,
the perfectness of the operation, and particularly upon the heat employed;
it being evident that a lower temperature will require a longer time than
if an higher one were used. The lower heat will, however, effect the purpose
with less danger of overheating or charring the grain than when a higher
temperature is employed, which requires particular attention and management
to prevent the grain from becoming converted into charcoal. The proper
degree of heat, and the time of exposure, will, however, be easily learnt by
experience; the color of the internal part of the prepared grain affording
the best criterion.
In witness whereof, I, tho said Daniel Wheeler, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventeen.
DANIEL
(L.s.) WHEELER.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-seventh day of Sep-
tember, in the year of our Lord 1817, the aforesaid Daniel Wheeler came
before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-seventh day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventeen.

page_text: En the Matter of DANIEL WHEELER, late of Hyde Street, Bloomsbury,
but now of Croydon, in the county of Surry.
To the Right Honorable the Master of the Rolls.
The Humble Petition of the above named Daniel Wheeler,
Sheweth,
That by Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date the Twenty-eighth day of March, One thousand eight hundred and
seventeen, His Majesty granted to your Petitioner the sole privilege, licenco,
and authority of making and vending your Petitioner's Invention of a New or
Improved Method of Drying and Preparing Malt for the term of fourteen years.
That your Petitioner caused a Specification of his said Invention to be duly
inrolled in this Honorable Court, pursuant to the proviso in that behalf con-
tained in the said Letters Patent. But it hath since been discovered that in
the preamble of the said Specification in reciting the said Letters Patent, the
date of the said Letters Patent, the date is by mistake described to be the
Twenty-seventh day of March, One thousand eight hundred and seventeen,
instead of the Twenty-eighth day of March, One thousand eight hundred and
seventeen; so that the said Specification doth not purport to be a Specification
of the said Letters Patent granted to your Petitioner as aforesaid, although the
same is in fact a Specification thereof.
That, by the several affidavits of your Petitioner, Moses Poole, William
Alway, and Thomas Gill, the above facts will appear, and also the manner in
which the above error has arisen.
13th July, 1818.
Upon inspection of the
Specification, Letters Patent,
and Inrolment thereof, and
upon reading the affidavits
of Daniel Wheeler, Moses
Poole, William Alway, and
Thomas Gill, let the said
inrolment be amended in the
particular specified in this
l'edition.
THOS. PLUMER.
Your Petitioner humbly prays your Honor that he may
be at liberty to correct the said mistake in the said
Specification and inrollment thereof, and to alter the
date mentioned in the recital contained in the said
Specification and Inrollment thereof, from the Twenty-
seventh day of March to the Twenty-eighth day
of March, the latter day being the true date of the
said Letters Patent.