IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF THE RESIDUES RESULTING FROM AND OBTAINED IN THE PURIFICATION AND DISTILLATION OF MINERAL OILS FOR THE PURPOSE OF UTILIZING THE SAME
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John James Lundy at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th September
1866.
I, JOHN JAMES LUNDY, of Leith, in the County of Mid Lothian, North
Britain, Colour, Grease, and Chemical Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF THE
RESIDUES RESULTING FROM AND OBTAINED IN THE PURIFICATION AND DISTILLATION
OF MINERAL OILS FOR THE PURPOSE OF UTILIZING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the treatment of the residual matters resulting
from and obtained in the purification and distillation of mineral oils when such
oils are treated with acid or soda.
One of my methods consists in mixing the acid tar with a sufficient quantity
of quick lime, slaked lime, chalk, whiting, Paris white, or some other carbonate
of lime, so as to neutralise the acid contained therein. For some purposes I
prefer to employ these bodies in the state of powder, they may be mixed in
an ordinary mixer or agitator, the acid tar thus neutralised may then be
redistilled, or it may be used for making artificial fuel or for other purposes
for which it was previously inapplicable, or it may be boiled down in an open
boiler to any degree of hardness required. The tar refuse before neutralisation
may be treated with sufficient mineral spirit to extract any oil remaining in the
refuse tar, which can be drawn off or extracted previous to the neutralisation,

page_text: and the spirit separated from the oil for use again by means of a steam or
fire still; this will make the resulting pitch harder and useful for those
purposes where the presence of the oil would be objectionable.
Another method I employ is 'to neutralise the acid tar refuse by mixing it
with pulp lime and water to the consistency required for grease, or with the
sóda refuse, oil, foots, or bottoms, that is, the alkaline residue which falls to
the bottom when alkali is mixed with all for the purpose of refining it; the
lime or soda refuse may be mixed in a mixer or agitator with the acid tar
refuse, and then the whole may be redistilled as far as the operator may desire;
or if the acid tar be mixed with the-soda refuse, oil bottoms instead of
distilling it it may be mixed with pulp lime and water, and then it will soften
down and become an excellent grease for lubrication or by mixing the acid
tar refuse to neutralise the soda refuse and heating the same in any ordinary
boiler until the tar refuse melts and allows the soda refuse to sink or be
stirred into it; as soon as this has been done the upper portion of the mass
may be drawn or skimmed off as it rises to the surface, and it will be found on
cooling to be a fine lubricating grease, which may also be subjected to
redistillation if the operator desires to obtain oil from it. When all the
greasy matter is found to have risen, to the surface and is skimmed off
the lower portion will be found to be a black tarry matter which after the
heating has been allowed to go on for a short time longer will become a
pitch which may be boiled down to the hardness desired by the operator, and
may be used for asphalting, or in the composition of artificial fuel or for
any other purpose. The soda refuse oil bottoms upon being heated or
boiled a little will become more homogeneous, and will be found to be a
lubricating grease without the admixture of acid refuse and a more marketable
article than when not so treated. The acid tar after its neutralisation with
soda oil, foots, or after the neutralisation of either of them with the other, or
the acid tar after its admixture with an oxide or carbonate of lime, or the
pitch resulting from the tar and soda refuse mixed by heat, and after the
grease has been taken therefrom, may be mixed with coal, coal refuse, coal
slack, or shale (these materials being preferred to be mixed when in the state
of powder), or may be mixed with sawdust, spent bark, spent dyewoods, or
other similar substances to make an artificial fuel or gas producing material,
or the pitch may be treated in the same manner for artificial fuel or gas, and
these may be mixed either whilst hot or cold, but I prefer to mix sawdust,
spent bark, spent dyewoods, or other similar substances when the pitch is in
a melted or heated state, as also it would be preferable so to mix the materials
if intended for use as an artificial fuel or gas producing material. The acid

page_text: tar may also be treated with soda crystals and water, when a lubricating
substance will also be obtained by simple agitation. The soda oil refuse may
also be mixed with railway refuse grease which for some purposes will do
if mixed cold, but which if for finer purposes would be better warmed
5 sufficiently, and the metal dust contained in the railway grease allowed to
settle, which can be utilised by smelting, if such has not been previously
taken from it. The resulting grease can then be transferred to another
pot or wooden tub and agitated occasionally until it becomes cool enough
to prevent their separation, if the palm oil has not been separated from
the railway grease before its being used with the soda oil refuse.