Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Oct., 1887
Complete Left, 19th June, 1888
Complete Accepted, 20th July, 1888
In some cases it is found very advantageous to introduce a blast of air at the bottom
of lime-kilns instead of merely using their natural draught or of drawing air into the
upper part of the kiln, for instance when small lime-stone is used, or when it is desired
to utilize refuse etc.
I have found that this process is only efficient and practical on condition that the
bottom of the kiln be completely closed and this has also led me to combine a new
mode of discharging the kiln mechanically. The mechanical discharge of the kiln
morcover has other advantages as it is productive of regularity and economy of hand
labour which need not be insisted upon.
The arrangement which I adopt to support the kiln leaves sufficient space at the
bottom of the kiln for the discharging mechanism. This space is perfectly closed in
and the air necessary for combustion is forced in through a pipe opening into the
said lower space or chamber. The closing is completed by a sliding door or vane
which is opened only to fill the waggons.
The walls of the kiln are made vertical at their lower part so as to present no
obstruction to the regular fall of the material.
The discharging mechanisin consists of a central and of an annular part.
The central part resting on the ground is of a conical shape. The said central part
is placed in the axis of the kiln for the purpose of moderating the fall or descent of
the lime by forcing it to spread itself on the circumference for leaving the kiln. The
pipe through which air is admitted into the kiln is embedded in the wall of the said
conical part. Beneath the said conical part is placed an annular plate or disc mounted
on rollers, upon which bears the charge of the kiln. The said plate or disc which
may be either slightly inclined or horizontal is provided with vertical ribs running
obliquely from the circumference towards the centre. The said plate is rotated
mechanically, the effect of the rotation being to throw the lime over the whole of its
periphery through the combined action of the charge in the kiln and of the oblique
ribs. The said rotatory plate carries an annular projection cast with the plate and

page_text: rotating with it; said projection forming a lower step to the plate and upon which the
lime finally falls.
Though I have described the central cone as being stationary, yet it might be caused
to rotate, but in the latter case the cone and disc together would be advantageously
replaced by a single spiral part forming a sort of continuous incline.
The lime must then be collected and taken to a single point where it can be loaded
on waggonettes.
For this purpose the lime carried away by the circular motion is stopped by a
vertical fixed blade, arranged obliquely to the radius of the disc, and forced in the
direction of the blade until it reaches the place where it is loaded on the waggonettes.
To complete the working of the kiln the lime-stone is taken from the crushers and is
charged in at the top of the kiln as the lime is discharged, by means of an elevator
such as a chain with buckets.
The kiln is thus entirely mechanical and altogether continuous in its work.
Dated this 1st day of
11007
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Lime-kilns.
I. ERNEST SOLVAY, of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium Manufacturer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
In some cases it is found very advantageous to introduce a blast of air at the bottom
of line-kilns instead of merely using their natural draught or of drawing air into the
upper part of the kiln for instance when small lime-stone is used, or when it is
desired to utilize refuse etc.
1 bave found that this process is only efficient and practical on condition that the
bottom of the kiln be completely closed and this has also led me to combine a new
mode of discharging the kiln mechanically. The mechanical discharge of the kiln
moreover has other advantages as it is productive of regularity and economy of hand
labor which need not be insisted upon.
The accompanying drawing shows the arrangement which I adopt to support the
kiln while leaving sufficient space at the bottom of the kiln for the discharging
mechanism. This space is perfectly closed in and the air necessary for combustion is
forced in through the pipe T opening into the said lower space or chamber. The
closing is completed by the sliding door or vane V which is opened only to fill the
waggonnets W.
The walls of the kiln are made vertical at their lower part so as to present no
obstruction to the regular fall of the material.
The discharging mechanism consists of a central part M and of an annular part.
The central part resting on the ground is of a conical shape. The said central
part is placed in the axis of the kiln for the purpose of moderating the fall or descent
of the lime by forcing it to spread itself on the circumference for leaving the kiln.
The pipe through which air is admitted into the kiln is embedded in the wall of the
said conical part. Beneath the said conical part is placed an annular plate or disc D
mounted on rollers G upon which bears the charge of the kiln. The said plate or
disc which may be either slightly inclined or horizontal is provided with vertical
ribs N running obliquely from the circumference towards the centre. The said plate
is rotated mechanically, the effect of the rotation being to throw the lime over the
whole of its periphery through the combined action of the charge in the kiln and of
the oblique ribs.
The said rotatory plate carries an annular projection P cast with the plate and
rotating with it, said projection forming a lower step to the plate and upon which the
lime finally falls.
Though I have described the central cone as being stationary, yet it might be
caused to rotate but in the latter case the cone and disc together would be advantage-
ously replaced by a single spiral part S (Figure 2) forming a sort of continuous
incline.

page_text: The lime must then be collected and taken to a single point where it can be loaded
on waggonnets.
For this purpose, the lime carried away by the circular motion is stopped by a
vertical fixed blade L arranged obliquely to the radius of the disc, and forced in the
direction of the blade until it reaches the place where it is loaded on the waggonnets.
To complete the working of the kiln, the lime stone is taken from the crushers and
is charged in at the top of the kiln as the lime is discharged by means of an elevator
such as a chain with buckets.
The kiln is thus entirely mechanical and altogether continuous in its work.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is
Firstly. In lime kilns, an arrangement for discharging the lime mechanically
consisting of an annular rotating disc throwing off the material annularly.
Secondly. The use of a stationary or revolving central cone in combination with
the annular disc and also replacing entirely or partially the said central cone and
annular disc, by a single part formed of a spirally inclined plane.
Thirdly. The use of a collecting disc provided with a stationary blade throwing off
the material at a fixed point.
Fourthly. The use of vertical sides in combination with means for discharging the
lime mechanically and annularly.
Fifthly. The use of a forced blast of air with the closing of the lower part of the
kiln.
Sixthly. The use of a forced blast of air combined with the mechanical discharge
of the lime.
Dated this 19th day of June 1888.
ERNEST SOLVAY,
Per L. W.