Improvements in and relating to Photographic Apparatus.
Year: 1893

page_text: Compitie opeenvation LCC,
TOOT
πουομιου,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Photographic Apparatus.
I, JULES RICHARD, of 8, Impasse Fessart, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to photographic apparatus and consists in principle in the
improved arrangement which I have devised with the object of enabling the
chamber for the stereoscopic photograph with its objectives to be employed as a
stereoscope, namely by the simple substitution of a ground glass plate for the frame
or for change box of the photographic apparatus.
My invention is also characterized by a special system of shutter, by the aid of
which may use the photographic chamber indifferently either for instantaneous
or long exposure. My system comprises also various improvements in the con-
struction and operation of the apparatus, which I have represented in its entirety
and in its details in the accompanying specimen drawings.
Figure 1 shows a front view of the chamber, and Figure 2 an upper view of the
apparatus mounted for stereoscopic photography.
Figure 3 shows a side view partly in a corresponding transverse section.
Figures 4 and 5 represent an upper view and a side view of the chamber
transformed into a stereoscope.
Figures 6 and 7 show respectively an interior front view and an elevation of the
plate which carries the objectives, and is provided with the shutter mechanism for
instantaneous photography.
Figure 8 is a similar view to that of Figure 6, showing the movement of the
shutter strips for cocking the shutter.
Figure 9 shows the shutter mechanism in the "cocked" position.
Figure 10 represents one of the shutters disengaged and the other still cocked.
Figure 11 shows this mechanism open during the exposure and when the apparatus
is transformed into a stereoscope.
Figures 12, 13 and 14 are details of three strips of the shutter mechanism, the
operation of which will hereinafter be described.
Figure 15 shows a vertical section of the change box.
Figure 16 represents a longitudinal vertical section of the same box with its
distributor drawn so as to cause successively the fall of the plate which has been
exposed and to bring the following plate into position.
Figure 17 shows an end view of the said box.
Figure 18 is a front view and plan representing an application of my system to a
chamber with a single objective.
Figure 19 shows the shutter mechanism of this apparatus.
In all these figures similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts.
As in all apparatus for stereoscopic photography the dark chamber a comprises
objectives 6, it is separated into two compartments by a partition c which occupies
its middle part.

page_text: The frame, or as I have represented it, the change box which contains the plates
to be exposed may be of any system or arrangement, however I will here describe
the one which I preferably use. This is a simple metallic box d open on its front
and adapted to slide in the groove of the frame e forming one piece with or fixed
upon
the chamber a, this frame serves at the same time to receive the frame f,
Figures 4 and 5, which carries the photographed images when the apparatus serves
as a stereoscope.
The change box d which is more particularly represented in Figures 15, 16
and 17 contains a kind of drawer g open at its two opposite ends and containing the
plates designed to be exposed; this drawer slides in the box d and the plates h are
introduced into the same successively through an aperture i, Figure 17, closed by
a slide i¹.
A very flexible metallic sheet k sliding in a rebate of the drawer 9 serves to
cover the upper plate which will be exposed when this drawer is pulled as shown
in Figure 16, the sheet k in the reverse movement of the drawer is pushed back for
disengaging the plate, as represented in Figure 15, lastly a counter placed upon
the box d serves to mark the number of plates which has been exposed.
For transforming the chamber into a stereoscope the box herein before described
is replaced by the frame f carrying the ground glass plate to which the stereoscopic
view or the two views are applied.
My system of apparatus comprises a special arrangement of shutter, of which
Figures 6 to 14 represent all the details for double views, and Figure 19 for simple
views.
The shutter proper is composed for each objective of a strip m Figures 13 and 14
in which is formed an aperture m¹ moved into the axis of the objective at the
moment of the operation; each of these strips which slides upon the plate a carrying
the objectives and which is moved back by a spring m³, carries a nose m² serving.
to actuate them, as will be set forth.
The shutting proper is effected by means of a third strip or, Figure 12, representing
practically a union of the two strips m into a single strip; the strip o which is
pierced with two apertures o2 at a distance equal to that of the two objectives, and
which is moved back by a spring o³, is actuated by a rod o' having a knob and
projecting to the outside of the plate n.
Referring to Figures 6 to 9 the operation for the instantaneous exposure is
effected in the following manner :-
The strip o being drawn by its knob o' and the strips m being in the position of
Figure 6, these strips are carried away in the same direction until their nose m
engages with a rocking lever p, as shown in Figure 8. Then, abandoning the
knob o' the strip o under the action of its spring returns to its original position
Figures 6 to 9 in which the apertures o are in the axis of each objective while the
apertures m' in the strips m have passed beyond this position.
At the moment when the instantaneous exposure of the plate takes place it is
sufficient to disengage the rocking lever p by pressing upon a lever 9 which I have
represented as a prolongation of the rocking lever p, the oscillation of which takes
place upon the axis p²; the strips m thus disengaged and moved by their spring m³
also occupy their original position again, causing their aperture m to pass below
the aperture o¹ which has remained in front of each objective. The tension of the
springs m³ may be regulated in order to vary at will the degree of instantaneity of
the exposure.
In the type which I have represented the rocking lever p is made of two similar
parts p p arranged symmetrically but one of which, p, carries away the other p',
directly by its stop pin p³, Figure 6.
I have also shown an auxiliary arrangement adapted to operate for long exposure,
it consists of a lever r pivoted at one extremity and terminating at the other
extremity in a catch or hook .
When the strip o has been drawn to the position represented in Figure 9, it will
be seen that by lowering the lever r as shown in Figure 11 its catch serves as a

page_text: stop for the noses m², on the plates m the objectives remain completely disengaged
and permit of any duration being given to the exposure. The part pl of the rocking
lever, the extremity of which is arranged for acting upon the lever r, serves for
shutting off of the objectives when the exposure is terminated by raising the said
lever and consequently disengaging the noses on the strips m.
I may mount the objectives telescopically in practice for focussing when the
apparatus serves for the long exposure.
Lastly, I may construct an apparatus reduced to a single objective, as represented
in Figure 18, applying to it the arrangements hereinbefore described.
Dated this 19th day of May 1893.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.,
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Photographic Apparatus.
JULES RICHARD, of 8, Impasse Fessart, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to photographic apparatus and consists in principle in the
improved arrangement which I have devised with the object of enabling the
chamber for the stereoscopic photograph with its objectives to be employed as a
stereoscope, namely by the simple substitution of a ground glass plate for the frame
or for change box of the photographic apparatus.
My invention is also characterized by a special system of shutter, by the aid of
which I may use the photographic chamber indifferently either for instantaneous or
long exposure. My system comprises also various improvements in the construction
and operation of the apparatus, which I have represented by way of example in
its entirety and in its details in the drawings left with my Provisional Specification
in which
Figure 1 shows a front view of the change box, and
Figure 2 an upper view of the apparatus mounted for stereoscopic photography.
Figure 3 shows a side view partly in a corresponding transverse section.
Figures 4 and 5 represent an upper view and a side view of the chamber
transformed into a stereoscope.
Figures 6 and 7 show respectively an interior front view and an elevation of the
plate which carries the objectives, and is provided with the shutter mechanism for
instantaneous photography.
Figure 8 is a similar view to that of Figure 6, showing the movement of the
shutter strips for cocking the shutter.
Figure 9 shows the shutter mechanism in the "cocked" position.
Figure 10 represents one of the shutters disengaged and the other still cocked.
Figure 11 shows this mechanism open during the exposure and when the apparatus
is transformed into a stereoscope.
Figures 12, 13 and 14 are details of three strips of the shutter mechanism, the
operation of which will hereinafter he described."
Figure 15 shows a vertical section of the change box.
Figure 16 represents a longitudinal vertical section of the same box with its
distributor drawn so as to cause successively the fall of the plate which has been
exposed and to bring the following plate into position.
Figure 17 shows an end view of the said box.
Figure 18 is a front view and plan representing an application of my system to
a chamber with a single objective.

page_text: Figure 19 shows the shutter mechanism of this apparatus.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures of the
drawings.
As in all apparatus for stereoscopic photography the dark chamber a comprises
two objectives b; it is separated into two compartments by a partition c which
occupies its middle part.
The frame or, as I have represented it, the change box which contains the plates
to be exposed may be of any system or arrangement; however I will here describe
the one which I preferably use. This is a simple metallic box d open on its front
and adapted to slide in the groove of the frame e forming one piece with or fixed
upon the chamber a, this frame serves at the same time to receive the frame f,
Figures 4 and 5, which carries the photographed images when the apparatus serves
as a stereoscope.
The change box d which is more particularly represented in Figures 15, 16
and 17 contains a kind of drawer g open at its two opposite ends and containing
the plates designed to be exposed, this drawer slides in the box d, and the plates h
are introduced into the same successively through an aperture i, Figure 17, closed
by a slide i¹.
A very flexible metallic sheet k sliding in a rebate of the drawer 9 serves to
cover the upper plate which would otherwise be exposed when this drawer is pulled
out as shown in Figure 16; the sheet k in the reverse movement of the drawer is
pushed back, uncovering the upper plate, as represented in Figure 15; at the
same time as the drawer is being pulled out, the top plate, viz. the one which has
just been exposed is prevented from moving with the rest of the plates by the
stop g which is fixed on the body of the change box d striking against the edge
of the plate forcing the same through the opening ** in the back of the drawer,
the plate falling on to the support di from which place it is pushed, on the drawer
being closed between a spring and the bottom plate in the drawer; lastly a
counter placed upon the box a serves to mark the number of plates which have
been exposed.
豪
For transforming the chamber into a stereoscope the box hereinbefore described
is replaced by the frame f carrying the ground glass plate to which the stereoscopic
view or the two views are applied.
My system of apparatus comprises a special arrangement of shutter, of which
Figures 6 to 14 represent all the details for double views, and Figure 19 for
simple views.
The shutter proper is composed for each objective of a strip m Figures 13
and 14 in which is formed an aperture m¹ moved into the axis of the objective at
the moment of the operation; each of these strips which slides upon the plate n
carrying the objectives and which is moved back by a spring m³, carries a nose m²
serving to actuate them, as will be set forth.
2
The shutting proper is effected by means of a third strip o, Figure 12,
representing practically a union of the two strips m into a single strip; the
strip o which is pierced with two apertures o' at a distance equal to that of the two
objectives, and which is moved back by a spring o³, is actuated by a rod o' having
a knob and projecting to the outside of the plate n.
Referring to Figures 6 to 9 the operation for the instantaneous exposure is
effected in the following manner :
The strip o being drawn by its knob o' and the strips m being in the position of
Figure 6, these strips are carried away in the same direction until their nose m³
engages with a rocking lever p, as shown in Figure 8. Then, abandoning the
knob o', the strip o under the action of its spring returns to its original position
Figures 6 to 9, in which the apertures o* are in the axis of each objective while
the apertures m' in the strips m have passed beyond this position.
At the moment when the instantaneous exposure of the plate takes place it is
sufficient to disengage the rocking lever p by pressing upon a lever which I have
represented as a prolongation of the rocking lever p, the oscillation of which takes

page_text: place upon the axis p²; the strips m thus disengaged and moved by their spring m
also occupy their original position again, causing their aperture m to pass below
the aperture o2 which has remained in front of each objective. The tension of the
springs m³ may be regulated in order to vary at will the degree of instantaneity of
the exposure.
In a type which I have represented the rocking lever p is made of two similar
parts pp arranged symmetrically but one of which, p, carries away the other p',
directly by its stop pin p³. Figure 6.
I have also shown an auxiliary arrangement adapted to operate for long exposure;
it consists of a lever r pivoted at one extremity and terminating at the other
extremity in a catch or hook r².
When the strip o has been drawn to the position represented in Figure 9, it will
be seen that by lowering the lever r as shown in Figure 11 its catch serves as a
stop for the noses m² on the plates m, the objectives remain completely disengaged
and permit of any duration being given to the exposure. The part pl of the
rocking lever, the extremity of which is arranged for acting upon the lever r,
serves for shutting off of the objectives when the exposure is terminated by raising
the said lever and consequently disengaging the noses on the strips m.
I may mount the objectives telescopically in practice for focussing when the
apparatus serves for the long exposure.
Lastly I may construct an apparatus reduced to a single objective, as represented
in Figure 18, applying to it the arrangements hereinbefore described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The system of photographic apparatus arranged for operating as a
stereoscope by the simple substitution of a frame with a ground glass plate for
the frame or box enclosing the plates to be exposed.
Second. The transformation shutter device enabling the employment of the
chamber as well for instantaneous exposure as for long exposure; and also the
various characteristic means which I use in the construction of the parts of
the apparatus.
Third. The above described means for effecting the disengagement of the two
shutters, consisting in the arrangement of a lever or push upon which a continuous
pressure in the same direction causes the disengagement of each shutter, which
enables two negatives to be obtained by the instantaneous exposure, these two
negatives being produced at intervals as near together as may be desired.
Fourth. The improved apparatus constructed and arranged substantially as
described and represented in the drawings.
Dated this let dow of Fish 1004
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.