IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel O'Neill at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th October 1881.
SAMUEL O'NEILL, of Castleton, in the County of Lancaster.
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
"IMPROVEMENTS
My Invention relates, firstly, to improvements upon those arrangements of warp
letting off motions for looms for weaving, for which Letters Patent were granted
to me, dated 22nd September 1879, No. 3810, and consists in the use of a friction
brake in conjunction with the warp delivery roller, actuated as described in the
Specification of the Letters Patent above referred to.
To the axis of the above named warp delivery roller or to a boss formed thereon
I apply a clip or brake, such clip or brake tending to maintain the warp at an
uniform tension, and to counteract the blow of the reed when knocking up the
weft.
In place of using a clip or brake as above described I provide the bearings used
for supporting the warp delivery roller aforesaid with caps held in position by
means of screws or nuts. Beneath such caps, and surrounding the journal or
bearing of the said warp-delivery roller, I place leather or other suitable material
which may be caused to bind upon the journal or bearing of the aforesaid warp
delivery roller by means of the aforesaid scrows or nuts.
The second part of my Invention refers to a means of applying picking straps
or bands in that arrangement of loom known as the "under pick," in which the
axis of the picking stick is placed beneath the slay or batten, and in which the
said picking stick passes through the slay to act upon the shuttle.
Instead of connecting the picking shaft and the picking stick by means of one

page_text: strap or band of leather, as heretofore, I attach one strap to the picking shaft and
another strap to the picking stick.
These straps I connect by means of a link formed of metal or other suitable
material.
The above named straps may be composed of one or more folds of leather, or
other suitable material.
By the above arrangements the strap of the picking stick and the strap of the
picking shaft are better able to bed themselves to the work which they have to do,
and consequently there is less wear and tear, and a more regular working of the
loom is thereby effected.
I have above referred to the picking arrangements of one side of the loom only,
but it will be understood that the previously described arrangements will be
repeated on the opposite side of the said loom.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Samuel O'Neill in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th April
1882.
SAMUEL O'NEILL, of Castleton, in the County of Lancaster.
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
"
"IMPROVEMENTS
My Invention relates, firstly, to improvements upon those arrangements of warp
letting off motions for looms for weaving, for which Letters Patent were granted
to me dated Twenty second September, One thousand eight hundred and seventy
nine, No. 3810, and consists in the use of a friction break in conjunction
with the warp delivery roller, actu .described in the Specification of
the Letters Patent above referred to.. the axis of the above named
warp delivery roller, or to a boss formed thereon, I apply a clip or break,
such clip or break tending to maintain the warp at an uniform tension, and to
counteract the blow of the reed when knocking up the weft. In place of using a
clip or break as above described I provide the bearings used for supporting the
warp delivery roller aforesaid with caps held in position by means of screws or
nuts. Beneath such caps, and surrounding the journal or bearing of the said
warp delivery roller, I place leather or other suitable material, which may be
caused to bind upon the journal or bearing of the aforesaid warp delivery roller
by means of the aforesaid screws or nuts. The second part of my Invention refers
to a means of applying picking straps or bands in that arrangement of loom known
as the "under pick," in which the axis of the picking stick is placed beneath the
slay or batten, and in which the said picking stick passes through the slay to act
upon the shuttle. Instead of connecting the picking shaft and the picking stick
by means of one strap or band of leather, as heretofore, I attach one strap to the
picking shaft and another strap to the picking-stick. These straps I connect by
means of a link formed of metal or other suitable material. The above named
straps may be composed of one or more folds of leather or other suitable material.
By the above arrangements the strap of the picking stick and tho strap of the
picking shaft are better able to bed themselves to the work which they have to
do, and consequently there is less wear and tear, and a 'more regular working of
the loom is thereby effected. I have above referred to the picking arrangements
of one side of the loom only, but it will be understood that the previously
described arrangements will be repeated on the opposite side of the said loom. In
order that my Invention may be more thorouglily understood and more readily
carried into effect I will now proceed to describe the same, reference being made
to the accompanying Drawings. The first part of my Invention is shown by Fig. 1,
Fig. 2, and Fig. 3, Fig. 1 being a front elevation; Fig. 2, a side view at right angles
to Fig. 1 when looking towards the left hand of the Drawing; and Fig. 3 is a plan
thereof, which Figures show so much of a loom as is requisite to illustrate my
Invention. At 1 is one end frame of a loom, to which is secured a bracket or
bearing 2 to carry the warp delivery roller 3, which is capable of freely revolving
in the said bearing. At 4 is the axle of the warp delivery roller 3; fast upon the
end thereof is a bevel wheel ō gearing into another bevil wheel 6 mounted fast
upon a shaft 7. Parallel to and in contact with the warp delivery roller 3 is a
roller 8; partially around this roller and the warp delivery roller 3 are passed the
warp threads 0, the warp delivery roller 3 and binding roller 8 being actuated
in the manner for which Letters Patent were granted unto me dated the
Twenty second day of September, One thousand eight hundred and seventy
nine, No. 8810. Around the boss 5* of the bevil wheel 5 I place a clip
or brake 10, the ends 10°, 10**, of which embrace a projecting part 11*
of a bracket 11 secured to the end frame 1 of the loom; passing through the
ends 10", 10**, of the brake or clip 10 is a bolt 12, by means of which the brake

page_text: or clip 10 is caused to embrace the boss 5* so as to produce the amount of friction
desired;
and in order to assist in producing such friction I line the inner circum-
ference of the clip 10 with strips of leather or other suitable material. Or instend
of employing a clip or brake as previously described, I utilize the cap 2* of the
bearing 2, by which the warp delivery roller is supported for a like purpose.
Within the cap 2*, as is shown in the detached view, Fig. 4, I form a recess 13,
within which I place leather or other suitable material, such leather or other
suitable material being caused to bind upon the neck of the warp delivery roller 3
by means of the bolt and nut 14, which secures the cap 2* to the bearing 2, the
bolt 14 being screwed down until the desired amount of friction is produced upon
the warp delivery roller 3. By applying a brake to the warp delivery roller I am
enabled to maintain the warp at a more uniform tension than heretofore, and also
to counteract the action of the reed upon the warp when knocking up the weft.
It will be readily understood by competent persons that a break may be applied
in other ways than those previously described so as to exert a retarding action
upon the warp delivery roller 3 without departing from the principle of my
Invention. The second part of my Invention is shown by Figs. 5, 6, and 7 of
Sheet 2. Fig. 5 is a front elevation of a portion of an underpick loom, those parts
only being shown which are requisite for the explanation of my Invention. At 15
is the picking shaft actunted in any ordinary manner, upon which is formed the
quadrant 16. At 17 is the picking stick, oscillating upon the stud 13, carried upon
the shaft 19, which carries the slay 20 as usual. Instead of connecting the picking
shaft and picking stick by means of one band or strap of leather as heretoforo I
form such bands in two portions, which I connect by means of a link formed of
metal or other suitable material. At 21 is a link (shown on an enlarged scalo in
Figs. 8 and 9); one portion 21ª thereof is formed flat, which part is connected
to a cylindrical part 21 by means of side pieces 21°, 21º. The strap or band 22
after being passed round the part 21" is secured to the quadrant 10 of the picking
shaft 15 by means of the bolt 22. The ends of the other portion 23 of the band
or strap 22 after passing around the picking stick 17 are secured to the clip 21
by means of the bolts 24, 25, which pass through the strap 23, and also through
holes formed in the flat portion 21ª of the link 21. To the bracket 20 jointed upon
the stud 18 is secured the picking stick 17 as usual. Upon the bracket 26 is a
Joop 27, by which the strap 23 is kept in proper working position. In some cases
I also use a bracket 28 secured to the picking stick 17 by the bolt 29 for preventing
the strap 23 from falling at such times as the said strap is not drawn tight; or
forn a projection 30 upon the bracket 26, which will also serve a purpose similar
to that of the bracket 28. By forming the strap connecting the picking shaft and
picking stick in two portions the strap of the picking shaft and the strap of the
picking stick are better able to bed or adapt themselves to the work which they
have to perform, and consequently there is less wear and tear and a more regular
working of the loom is thereby effected. In Figs. 8 and 9 I show the cylindrical
portion 21 of the link 21 as having an aperture 21 formed longitudinally therein;
through this aperture air may circulate so as to keep the said link cool should
there be any tendency to become heated while working. Figs. 10 and 11 show
another form of link, but in this instance there being no aperture through the
cylindrical portion 31 it may therefore be made of smaller diameter than the one
previously described. In such constructions of looms in which the picking shaft
and picking stick are in different planes I form the link by which the straps are
connected, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13 (Fig. 13 being a plan of Fig. 12) so as to
thereby lessen the wear and tear of the said picking straps, the side plates
21 and 21º, being formed curved for this object. Although I have hitherto
described the straps connecting the picking quadrant with the picking stick as
being divided into two portions only, it will be obvious that it could be divided
into three or more portions if thought desirable.. I have shown the straps 22, 23,
as composed of two layers or bands of leather, or other suitable material, but a
greater or less number of layers of material may be used if desired.

page_text: Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I claim as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters Patent,―
Firstly. The employment of a friction brake used in conjunction with the warp
delivery roller, substantially in the manner and for the purpose shown and described
in reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3, when the warp delivery motion is actuated in
the manner secured to me by Letters Patent, dated September Twenty second, One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine, No. 3810, hereinbefore referred to.
Secondly. Dividing the band or strap by which the picking shaft actuates the
picking stick into two portious, and uniting the same by a link, substantially in
the manner and for the purposes shown and decribed in reference to Figs. 5 to 13
inclusive.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel O'Neill, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the said Samuel O'Neill in the
presence of
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Patent Agent,
18, St. Ann Street,
Manchester.
SAMUEL O'NEILL (L.S.)