Improvements in Magneto-electric Motors.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 14th June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 11th Apr., 1895-Accepted, 8th June, 1895.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Magneto-electric Motors.
We HENRY LÜDEKE, ERNST LOUIS AUGUST LÜDEKE,, both of No.. 21
Kender Street, New Cross Road in the County of Surrey, Engineers, ARTHUR
JAMES THORMAN of No. 4 St. Benet Place, Gracechurch Street,, in the City of
London, Gentleman, ERNEST DE BUNSEN of Abbey Lodge Regents. Park in the
County of Middlesex,, Gentleman, and EDWARD MADGE HORE of Dulwich
Common, in the County of Surrey Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention or discovery relates to magneto-electric motors and is as follows :—
In carrying out the invention we employ a series or battery of compound
permanent round bar magnets fixed in a suitable frame or stand, each magnet
being composed of four segments which when placed together, form a compound or
round bar,, and are so made that the respective poles may be better wound round
with coils of insulated wire. This series of magnets form what we call, our first
battery.
The magnets are arranged in the frame or stand in the form of two semi-circles
eccentric with a shaft hereinafter described, and are placed so that the poles of one
sign or denomination are at one side of the frame or stand and the poles of the
other sign or denomination being at the other side.
In the centre of this battery is. a shaft which works on pivots or in suitable
bearings, and fixed to this shaft by means of two arms are two compound permanent
round bar magnets of similar construction to those in the battery above described, or
they may be simple bar magnets, these are so arranged that the two poles of one
denomination revolve or pass in close proximity to the poles of the opposite
denomination of the two semi-circles of magnets composing the fixed or first
battery the eccentric arrangement of the said battery magnets: causing the
continuous revolving of the two. compound permanent round bar magnets and the
shaft to which they are attached; this constitutes our motor proper.
In order to augment the magnetization of the magnets composing the first
battery and consequently the attractive force, we arrange at the other end of the
shaft a second or exciting battery composed of a series of compound permanent
round bar magnets or electro magnets, their respective poles being wound with
insulated wire. The said magnets are equal in number to the magnets forming the
first battery and are in electrical connection therewith. The poles of the magnets
of this second battery are fixed in a frame or stand in a circle concentric with the
shaft and so arranged that the sign or denomination of each pole of the magnets on
each side of the frame or stand is alternately north and south. At the end of the
shalt is a flywheel carrying, or having fixed thereto, an armature or bar of soft
iron, or an armature only may be employed, which revolves in close proximity to
the poles of the magnets composing this second battery so as to effect the degree of
magnetization thereof and generate currents of electricity in the coils of wire
thereon which are transmitted to the magnets of the first battery; the movement
or motive power is as follows::―
...The poles of the two magnets fixed on the arms of the shaft being of opposite
sign or denomination to the poles of the first battery are magnetically attracted.
and if the magnets in this battery are properly placed these two magnets will
continue to revolve, and the shaft with the fly wheel or armature at the other end
will rotate and revolve at the same time, and by the passing of the armature over

page_text: the poles of the second battery currents of electricity will be excited in the coils of
wire thereon which being collected and transmitted in the customary mauner to the
first battery will augment the magnetization of the magnets composing same
thereby increasing their attractive force, and so cause the shaft with the two
magnets to rotate and revolve at greater speed and increase the efficiency of the
motor.
A pulley or other mechanical equivalent is fixed on the shaft for transferring
the power of the motor and for driving other machinery or the surplus power or
electricity may be taken from the batteries.
We also propose to use a third battery which we place on the other side of the
first battery and in this case we make use of the other or opposite poles, and use a
second shaft with another fly wheel or armature supported in a similar manner and
having two arms and two compound permanent round bar magnets working in
precisely the same way but with poles of opposite sign or denomination. This
third battery and shaft is a counterpart of the second battery and shaft.
The two shafts can be so arranged that they can be conveniently and readily
connected and disconnected one with the other by a clutch or other mechanical
arrangement, the object of this third battery is that the shaft between the first and
second batteries or that part of the motor, may be stopped at pleasure, leaving the
shaft and revolving magnets of the third battery in motion, ready to augment the
power of the first battery or start the motor when required at good speed.
The poles of this third battery are likewise wound round with insulated wire and
the electric currents excited are collected and transmitted by wire to the first, the
same as by the second battery.
It may in practice be found advantageous to use ordinary dynamos or storage
batteries for further aiding and increasing the power of the first battery and we
propose to do so. The storage batteries can be stored or filled from one or other
of the batteries.
In the foregoing description of a machine or motor for producing motive power
we do not limit ourselves to the precise number or shape of the magnets to be used
in each battery they may be more or less according to requirements and the poles
may be reversed, without altering the effect. We also propose to utilize the other
poles of the magnets in the various batteries and the shafts may be continued
through them, using other magnets, armatures, shafts, or duplications, and of
course the batteries may still further be increased in number; again the semi-
circles of magnets in the first battery may be varied without in any way departing
from the principle of our invention or discovery all we desire to do is to supply an
example of a machine or motor.
Dated the 14th day of June 1894.
HENRY LÜDEKE.
E. L. A. LÜDEKE.
A. J. THORMAN.
ERNEST DE BUNSEN.
EDWD. M. HORE.
We, HENRY LÜDEKE, ERNST LOUIS AUGUST LÜDEKE, both of No. 21
Kender Street, New Cross Road, in the County of Surrey, Engineers, ARTHUR
JAMES THORMAN, of No. 4 St. Benet Place, Gracechurch Street, in the City of
London, Gentleman, ERNEST DE BUNSEN of Abbey Lodge, Regents Park in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, and EDWARD MADGE HORE, of Dulwich
Common, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of

page_text: this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
Our invention or discovery relates to magneto-electric motors and in carrying
out the same we employ a series or battery of compound permanent round bar
magnets fixed in a suitable frame or stand, each magnet being composed of four
segments which when placed together, form a compound or round bar, and are so
made that the respective poles may be better wound round with coils of insulatea
wire. This series of magnets form what we call, our first battery.
The magnets are arranged in a frame or stand in the form of two semi-circles
eccentric with a shaft hereinafter described, and are placed so that the poles of one
sign or denomination are at one side of the frame or stand, and the poles of the
other sign or denomination being at the other side.
In the centre of this battery is a shaft which works in pivots or in suitable
bearings, and fixed to this shaft by means of two arms are two compound permanent
round bar magnets of similar construction to those in the battery above described
or they may be simple or compound magnets, these are so arranged that the two
poles of one denomination revolve or pass in close proximity to the poles of the
opposite denomination of the two semi-circles of magnets composing the fixed or
first battery the eccentric arrangement of the poles of the said battery magnets
causing the continuous revolving of the two compound permanent round bar
magnets and the shaft to which they are attached: This constitutes our motor
proper.
In order to augment the magnetization of the inagnets composing the first
battery aud consequently the attractive force, we arrange at the other end of the
shaft a second or exciting battery composed of a series of compound round bar
magnets or electro-magnets, their respective poles being wound with insulated
wire. The said magnets are equal in number to the magnets forming the first
battery and are in electrical connection therewith. The poles of the magnets of
this second battery are fixed in a frame or stand in a circle concentric with the
shaft and so arranged that the sign or denomination of each pole of the magnets on
each side of the frame or stand are alternately north and south.
At the end of the shaft is a flywheel carrying, or having fixed thereto, an
armature or bar of soft iron, or an armature only may be used; this revolves in
close proximity to the poles of the magnets composing this second battery, so as to
effect the degree of magnetization thereof and generate currents of electricity in
the coils of wire thereon which are transmitted to the coils of the magnets of the
first battery, the movement or motive power is as follows:
The poles of the two magnets fixed on the arms of the shaft being of opposite
sign or denomination to the poles of the first battery are magnetically attracted,
and if the magnets in this battery are properly placed as described, these two
magnets will continue to revolve and the shaft with the flywheel or armature at
the other end will rotate and revolve at the same time, and by the passing of the
armature over the poles of the second battery currents of electricity will be excited
in the coils of wire thereon, which are collected or transmitted by wires to the
coils of the first battery thereby augmenting the magnetization of the magnets
composing same, increasing their attractive force, and causing the shaft with the
two magnets to rotate and revolve at greater speed and so increasing the efficiency
of the motor.
A pulley or other mechanical equivalent is fixed on the shaft for transferring
the power of the motor and for driving other machinery or the surplus power or
electricity may be taken from the batteries for any desired purpose.
We also propose to use a third battery which we place on the other side of the
first battery, and in this case we make use of the other or opposite poles, and use a
second shaft with another flywheel or armature supported in a similar manner and
5 having two arms and two compound permanent round bar magnets or simple or
compound permanent bar magnets working in precisely the same way but with
poles of opposite sign or denomination. This third battery and the shaft is a

page_text: counterpart of the second battery and the poles are likewise wound with insulated
wire and the electric currents excited therein are likewise collected and transmitted
by wires to the coils of the first battery for further augmenting the power of the
magnets therein.
if it should be found necessary, we propose to employ what we term an assistant
or auxiliary magnet to assist the revolving magnets, and for this purpose we use a
standard with two arms, on one of which is pivotted or balanced, a bar magnet; on
the second shaft above described we arrange a worm or screw which works in a
worm-wheel fixed on an upright shaft carrying a cam or eccentric which is adapted
to bear against the bar magnet and by its rotation cause one pole of the assistant
or auxiliary magnet to advance, a spring or other equivalent being used to retract
the same; this is so arranged that the pole comes forward exactly at the right
point to aid the revolution of the revolving magnets where they may be found to
be weak or require such assistance, this can be done by either repulsion or
.attraction, according to the pole used; as a rule, this will only be necessary to be
applied to the pole of one of the revolving magnets once every revolution.
We
consider it a help and of course it may still further be carried out or the same may
be effected by any similar or equivalent means and an assistant or auxiliary magnet
may be applied to the pole of one of the revolving magnets on the other shaft
first of all described.
The two shafts may be so arranged that they can be conveniently and readily
connected and disconnected one with the other by means of a clutch or other
mechanical arrangement, this in some cases might be an advantage as the shaft
between the first and second batteries or that part of the motor could be stopped
at pleasure by means of a brake, leaving the second shaft between the first and
third batteries with its revolving magnets in motion, ready to start the motor at a
greater speed, or a shunt may be used for turning on and off the electric currents
generated.
It may in practice be found advantageous to use ordinary dynamos or even
storage batteries for further aiding and increasing the power of the first battery
either in addition to, or in substitution of, the second and third batteries and we
propose if desirable to do so. If storage batteries are used, they might be stored
or filled from one or other of the batteries described.
In the foregoing description of a machine or motor for producing motive power
we do not limit ourselves to the precise number or shape of the magnets to be used
in each battery, they may be more or less, and the shape may vary according to
requirements, and the poles may generally be reversed without altering the effect.
We also propose to utilize the other poles of the magnets in the various batteries
and the shafts may be carried through the second and third batteries for this
purpose, using other magnets, armatures, or other duplications, and of course the
batteries may still further be increased in number." Again the semi-circles of
magnets in the first battery may be in some respects varied, without in any way
departing from the principle of our invention or discovery, all we can attempt to
do in this Specification is to supply an example of our machine or motor and
faithfully describe the source of the power which is derived from this combination.
To enable the invention to be fully understood we append drawings in which:
Figure 1. represents a side elevation partly in section of the magneto-electric
motor constructed according to our invention.
Figures 2. 3 and 4. are respective sections on the lines 2. 2. 3. 3. and 4. 4. of
Figure 1.
a. a. are the compound permanent round bar magnets forming the motor battery,
and b. b. are the segments of which the said bars are formed. c. c. are the coils of
insulated wire on the said magnets, and d. is the frame or stand in which the
magnets are arranged in two semi-circles eccentric with the shaft e. as shewn in
Figure 2. The sbaft e, is carried or works in bearings f. f. the two revolving
magnets are marked g. g. and the arms on which they are fixed h. h. By arranging
the magnets of the motor battery in the manner described, a continuous revolving

page_text: of the two compound magnets g. g. is obtained. i. i. are the permanent bar magnets
forming the second or exciting battery, j. j. are the coils of insulated wire thereon,
these coils are connected to the coils of the magnets a. a. by the wires k. k. The
frame or stand is marked 1. in which the magnets i. i. are arranged in a circle
concentric with the shaft e, the poles of magnets on each side being north and south
alternately, m. is the flywheel n is the bar of soft iron or armature o. is the pulley
on the shaft e. for transmitting the force of the motor. are the magnets forming
the third battery, and the parts lettered cel f¹ g² h² i¹ j¹ k¹ l¹ m' and n' are identical
in every respect with the parts lettered c. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. and n. respectively
hereinbefore described. p. is the clutch, one part of which is loose on the end of
shaft e so that it can be moved by the hand lever q.
Figure 5. shews an elevation of the second shaft with revolving magnets and also
the standard with the assisting or auxiliary magnet, r. is the standard, s. is the
worm or screw, t. is the worm wheel, v. is the cam or eccentric, w. is the assisting
or auxiliary magnet, . is a spring to retract the magnet w. after being moved by
cam or eccentric v.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion or discovery and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is :-
1. The arrangement of the series of permanent or other magnets in semi-circles
eccentric with the shaft in what we term our first battery or motor proper, or in
such varied position whereby a rotation of the shaft is obtained by the revolving
magnets or by attraction, repulsion, or movement, of the same, aided and assisted
by a second and third or more batteries all substantially as described and set
forth.
2. The application of the assisting or auxiliary magnet as described and shewn
in Figure 5.
3. The combination of the several batteries and parts forming the improved
magneto-electric motor herein before described and shewn in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 11th dox of Anvil 1905
For the Applicants,
A. J. THORMAN.