IMPROVE- MENTS IN KNITTING FRAMES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street, in
the City of London, E.C., Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN KNITTING FRAMES."-A communication from M. Ulysse Puech,
of Paris
Sealed the 1st February 1859, and dated the 5th August 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 5th August 1858.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E.C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN KNITTING FRAMES," (a communication from M.
Ulysse Puech, of Paris,) to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to construct or to modify the construction of
knitting frames in such manner as to enable the manufacturer to produce
knitted fabrics, such as stockings, gloves, &c., each of a variable width and
with a selvage.
And the Invention consists, first, in the employment of a longitudinal
screwed shaft, worked by gearing from a crank for giving longitudinal motion
to the carriage, upon which the several parts by which the loops are made are
mounted.

page_text: Secondly, in the employment of a fixed bar for the said carriage to slide
upon in conjunction with a grooved surface for guiding it.
Thirdly, in the employment of a notched wheel for working and regulating
the narrowing of the fabric, such wheel having attached to its side series of
inclined teeth or surfaces, the length of which may be varied in such manner
that the said wheel may be made variable in diameter.
Fourthly, in the employment of an additional tooth or inclined surface
placed in advance of the series for the purpose of acting upon a sounding
signal, and thereby giving warning to the attendant.
Fifthly, in the employment of presser wheels for closing the barbs of the
needles, such wheels being caused to act, the one while moving in one direction,
and the other while moving in the opposite direction, by means of the following
parts-The said wheels are attached to an articulated lever terminated at its
lower end by a projection which in moving in one direction travels along the
upper surface of a rail which ends in curved springs, then sinks below the said
rail, and returns along its lower surface.
Sixthly, in the formation of a vertical slot in the body of the sinkers, and
the employment of a rod passing through the slot as a pivot or point d'appui
for the sinkers.
Seventhly, in the employment of bobbins or thread carriers sliding freely
upon a fixed spindle worked by notched springs, and provided at their lower
extremities with a small "tender" for distributing the thread regularly, and
at a uniform tension; provision is also made by grooving the said spindle in a
particular manner for increasing the number of bobbins or thread carriers, if
desired.
Eighthly, in the employment of four shafts for working the narrowing
apparatus, the said shafts being each divided into two parts, screw threaded in
opposite directions, the one from left to right, and the other from right
to left.
Ninthly, in the employment of an eccentric or curved bar, which holds the
sinkers in position, and facilitates the proper placing of the thread.
.
Tenthly, in combining the apparatus which raises the sinkers, during the
narrowing, with a cam fixed near the part which, carries the diminishing
apparatus while the machine is at work, and with a pedal when the machine
is at rest and it is necessary to examine the web, change a needle, or perform
any other like operation.
Eleventhly, in the employment of a combination of shafts and screws which
operate the narrowing apparatus.

page_text: Twelfthly, in the employment of two separate narrowing apparatuses, one
on each side of the fabric, to effect the reduction in the number of the loops.
Thirteenthly, in the employment of an additional eccentric for returning the
looped thread to the head of the needles, and for regulating the loops.
Fourteenthly, in the adaptation of wheels to the sliding parts, to reduce the
wear and render the movements smooth and easy.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th February 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, E. C.,
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, adminis-
trators and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN KNITTING FRAMES," (a communication from M.
Ulysse Puech, of Paris,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-

page_text: LEC
construction of knitting frames in such manner as to enable the manufacturer
to produce knitted fabrics, such as stockings, gloves, &c., each of a variable
width and with a selvage.
And the Invention consists, first, in the employment of a longitudinal
screwed shaft, worked by gearing from a crank for giving longitudinal motion
to the carriage, upon which the several parts by which the loops are made
are mounted.
Secondly, in the employment of a fixed bar for the said carriage to slide
upon in conjunction with a grooved surface for grinding it.
Thirdly, in the employment of a notched wheel for working and regulating
the narrowing of the fabric, such wheel having attached to its side series of
inclined teeth or surfaces, the length of which may be varied in such manner
that the said wheel may be made variable in diameter.
Fourthly, in the employment of an additional tooth or inclined surface,
placed in advance of the series, for the purpose of acting upon a sounding
signal, and thereby giving warning to the attendant.
Fifthly, in the employment of presser wheels for closing the barbs of the
needles, such wheels being caused to act, the one while moving in one
direction, and the other while moving in the opposite direction, by means of
the following parts:-The said wheels are attached to an articulated lever,
terminated at its lower end by a projection, which in moving in one direction
travels along the upper surface of a rail, which ends in curved springs, then
sinks below the said rail, and returns along its lower surface.
Sixthly, in the formation of a vertical slot in the body of the sinkers, and
the employment of a rod passing through the slot as a pivot or point d'appui
for the sinkers.
Seventhly, in the employment of bobbins or thread carriers sliding freely
upon a fixed spindle, worked by notched springs, and provided at their lower.
extremities with a small "tender" for distributing the thread regularly and at
a uniform tension. Provision is also made, by grooving the said spindle in a
particular manner, for increasing the number of bobbins or thread carriers, if
desired.
Eighthly, in the employ of four shafts for working the narrowing appa-
ratus, the said shafts being each divided into two parts screw threaded
in opposite directions, the one from left to right, and the other from right
to left.
Ninthly, in the employment of an eccentric or curved bar, which holds the
sinkers in position, and facilitates the proper placing of the thread.

page_text: Tenthly, in combining the apparatus which raises the sinkers during the
narrowing with a cam fixed near the part which carries the diminishing
apparatus while the machine is at work, and with a pedal when the machine
is at rest, and it is necessary to examine the web, change a needle, or perform
any other like operation.
Eleventhly, in the employment of a combination of shafts and screws, which
operate the narrowing apparatus.
Twelfthly, in the employment of two separate narrowing apparatus, one on
each side of the fabric, to effect the reduction in the number of the loops.
Thirteenthly, in the employment of an additional eccentric, for returning
the looped thread to the head of the needles, and for regulating the loops.
Fourteenthly, in the adaptation of wheels to the sliding parts, to reduce the
wear and render the movements smooth and easy.
In the Drawings hereunto annexed I have illustrated the best method of
carrying the Invention into effect with which the Inventor is acquainted.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevation, and Figure 2 an end view of a knitting
frame constructed with his improvements; Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are
separate views of certain details herein-after described. a is the framework,
which may be of cast iron or any other suitable material, and which is
surmounted by an upper piece b, which the Inventor calls the "recouvrement;"
c, d, are bars, between which works the carriage e, on which the principal
moving parts of the apparatus are supported. On the front of the recouvre-
ment is fitted a copper holder f, which receives the needles g, g, in depressions
made for the purpose. The inner ends of the needles are curved or bent, each
of the bent portions entering a small a small hole or groove made to receive it.
An upper plate of copper screws down upon the plate f, and holds the needles
g, g, firmly: Behind the holder f is an iron sole piece or shoe, having formed
in it a groove into which a projection on the upper plate of copper before
mentioned fits. The recouvrement also carries the rail h, which will be
further described hereafter. The machine is worked by the crank i (Figure 3)
on one end of the shaft k, which carries at its other extremity a fly wheel land
a toothed wheel m, giving rotary motion by means of another toothed wheel n
to the shaft o supported in bearings p. The shaft k also carries near its
middle two bevil wheels 9, 1, each transmitting in its turn (according as it is
fixed or loose), by means of the pinions, a rotary movement to the screw t²,
(Figures 1 and 2,) which moves the carriage c. Between the wheels I and r
(Figure 3) is placed a coupling apparatus, which causes these wheels to gear
alternately with a pinion on the axle of the screw. The coupling apparatus is
worked in the following manner :-On the back of the slide bar two clasps

page_text: support a rod u (Figure 5) placed parallel to the bar, and carrying two
adjustable stops or projections v, v. A piece projecting from the carriage e
moves along the rod u, between the stops v, v, and moves the rod u in one or
the other direction by coming against the stops. Near the extremity of the
rod u is fixed a pin carrying a roller. A lever with two branches, each
_terminating with_a_slot, is pivoted on the cross-piece of the frame, one slot
embracing the roller just mentioned. A trunnion a, fixed to the cross-piéce of
the frame. A fork b'furnished with a rod, "embraces the coupling in a groove
formed for the purpose. The rod of this fork rests on the extremity of the
trunnion, and its extremity is lodged in the slot by the other branch of the lever.
The action of the coupling is therefore obtained by the to-and-fro motion of
the rod u, transmitted from the carriage by the parts before described. By
varying the proportions of the several parts the rate of the motion may be
variously modified. The screw t2 ends at the sides of the framework, and is
supported there by bearings; it imparts motion to the carriage by means of
the threaded nut d2 attached thereto.
The thread (or other knitting material) is wound upon a bobbin, which may
be placed on a bobbin carrier above the frame, or in any other suitable posi-
tion. From the bobbin the thread is led to the guide f¹ on the end of the
thread carrier on which the piece e' is fixed (Figure by one of its arms.
The other arm receives the thread, and between that arm and the guide is
placed the "tender" (as shown in Figure 5), for maintaining a uniform ten-
sion on the thread. The thread carrier moves upon the fixed bar h', as
indicated in Figure 6, from which Figure the whole construction and arrange-
ment of the thread carrier will be readily understood. The spring is to
keep it up to the needles. It is put in motion by two springs k¹, which force it
in the required direction. When the narrowing apparatus is in use, the
range of the thread carrier is limited, as will be seen, to the breadth of the
knitted fabric. The springs are fixed on a support close to the carriage, as
are also the pieces m', which are cut bevilled, and act upon the tail piece n¹ of
the thread carrier, by the raising of which the carrier is depressed. At the
same time the thread guide descends, and remains down while the carriage e
performs its course. The tail piece n¹ is then released, and the thread
carrier is lifted by a spring, and resumes its former position for delivering
the next line of thread. The crank is then turned so as to advance the
carriage e, and the thread carrier is thus passed over the needles depositing
the thread upon them. The sinkers then carry the thread down between
the needles by means of the pieces p¹; these are each adapted to a small
carriage on each side of the carriage e; they may be raised or lowered by a

page_text: screw so as to regulate the loop; they are bevilled at the ends in which are
grooves. In these slide a bevilled piece having a slot or bearing for an axle.
This piece is inclined on one side, and square at the other, and is caused to
move in consequence of its own adherence against the sinkers towards the
part where it is to act. Its action consist in bringing its square part to the
place where sinkers fall after the rising movement which commenced with
the introduction of the bevilled part of the piece. It is in the downward
movement that the front bec or projection of each sinker, passing between
the needles, draws with it the quantity of thread necessary to form the loop.
A curved or excentric piece (pièce excentrée) q' is fixed below each of the
aforesaid pieces. This piece acts as an excentric on the lower interior part of
the sinkers, so as either to maintain them in a vertical position when the work
requires it, or to allow them to follow the movements impressed upon them
by other excentrics, or curved or excentric bars. The excentric bar fixed
near to the carriage imparts the necessary motions to the sinkers for pro-
ducing the loops. The closing of the needle barbs during the pushing off of
the formed loops is effected by the presser wheels s', which close theni'
between the formed loops and the loops in course of formation. These wheels
work in turn, the one in going, the other in returning. They are
attached to an articulated lever t¹, (Figure 2), having at its lower part a
projection which slides along the rail h, which has at its ends two curved
portions forming springs. The projection moves on the rail h in one direction,
and under it in the other, and thus brings the presser wheels into their proper
positions. The Inventor sometimes modifies these arrangements employing a
single presser wheel, thereby suppressing the articulated lever with its rail, &c.
The presser wheel would in this case be fixed, and the pushing of the formed
loops from the needles, &c., be effected by a piece oscillating about a point.
After the operation of the moveable presser wheels already described, comes
the said pushing off of the formed loops, which is effected by means of a
piece that is regulated by aid of a screw, &c. This piece pushes the sinkers
forward, and thus forces the finished loops over the partly formed loop. This
finishes the formation of one range or row of loops, which now hang from the
eyes of the needles. It is necessary before commencing a new row to bring
these loops back from this position. This operation is effected by means of
an excentric rule or bar which acts in a suitable manner upon the sinkers.
A small excentric u' (Figure 2), fixed near to the articulated lever and fol-
lowing its movements, aids in controlling the sinkers until they are completely
depressed, and the excentrics q¹ carry them back, drawing the fabric withi
them. In the protuberant part of each sinker is formed a slot v¹, in which is

page_text: introduced a rod a¹. This rod is fixed by each end to a support y', sustained
by (Figure 2); it serves as a point of support, and a pivot for the sinkers
in their various movements. The Figures 7 and 8 represent two forms of
sinker which the Inventor prefers to employ, but he modifies the form-of-them
variously, if necessary. While at rest-the-sinkers o¹ are vertical, their heads
-being-between the knitting needles g, and their lower ends between the teeth
of a comb 1, which keep them apart from cach other. The web or fabric as
it is formed is rolled upon a roller 2, by means of weights or otherwise, passing
first over a small rod 3. Two supports 4 fixed to the cross-piece 5 receive two
pieces 6, forming a square under the sinkers, by means of which, when thic
loom is at rest, the mass of them may be raised when necessary for any pur-
pose. For the manufacture of several pieces of web or fabric simultaneously,
it is necessary to have as many bobbins and thread carriers as there are pieces
to be made. The bobbin carriers 61 (Figure 3) are multiplied as may be
necessary.
The operation of the apparatus for narrowing takes place without delay, the
narrowing from the left taking place while the carriage e proceeds from left to
right, and vice versa. The point of departure of the narrowing action is the
wheel 7, which is toothed round its circumference and fixed, as shown in
Figures 1 and 2. On its rim are placed the inclined teeth or surfaces 8 of
different sizes, and spaced according to the lengths of web which are to
intervene between the successive narrowings. They can be so adjusted as to
vary these lengths, if desired. A lever 9 fixed to the lower slide behind the
loom is worked by the carriage c. A piece fixed behind this carries at its
extremity a small dog 10, which works against the lever 9. On reaching the
escapement the rod drawn by the spring 11 assumes a vertical position; on
the return movement, the lever being moved, acts upon the teeth of the large
wheel and causes it to rotate. A pawl 12 on the cross bar 13, acted on by
the spring 14, prevents the return of the wheel. Each range of inclined teeth
or surfaces is preceded by an isolated incline, which announces to the work-
man by means of a bell that the narrowing is about to take place. When the
click acts upon a part of the large regulating wheel on which there are no teeth,
no result follows; but as soon as an incline presents itself under the lever 15,
this is raised and the shaft 16 thus turned. Another lever 17 also fixed on
shaft 16 is terminated by a fork, which embraces a grooved neck on the bevil
wheel 18 on the extremity of the shaft 19, and consequently when the shaft
16 is turned, the said bevil wheel is thrown into gear with the adjacent bevil
wheel. The motive shaft of the narrowing apparatus being thus put into
motion, continues to move until the bevil wheels are again thrown out of gear

page_text: by the action of the spring 20, when the lever shaft 16 is allowed to turn
back. The shaft 19 is supported by the three brackets c¹, c', c¹, on the frame
n, and on the curved piece 5, as is the screw t likewise. The shaft 19 has
throughout its length a key groove; it carries two wheels 21, each carrying a
pin 22, and it is also fitted with two bosses 23. The thread of the screw t is
one-half to the left, and the other half to the right. The shaft of it has on it
two wheels 24 formed with excentric teeth (Figure 2), on which the pins 22
act, and has also on it two threaded bearings or bosses d'. In their rotary
movement the wheels 21 encounter in their turn one tooth of the wheel 24,
and turn it until the pin 22 passes clear. With the wheel 24 the screwed
shaft t turns, and the narrowing apparatus fixed to d¹ advances one needle or
In order to vary the quantity of needles withdrawn, the proportions of
the parts must be varied.
more.
The narrowing apparatuses represented, the one at rest and the other in
action in Figure 1, are composed of the following parts:-Each of two
upright or nearly upright arms 26, fixed the one to the right and the other to
the left of the threaded block d', terminates at its lower end by a fork which
lies in a groove on the boss 23, and has its upper end slotted at 27
(Figure 2), the slot receiving the needle carrier 28. This needle carrier is
formed as follows:-A box or case occupying the space between the arms 26
is supported by two screws, which pass through rollers which slide in the slots
just mentioned, and enter holes in the sides of the said box or case, so as to
pivot the same upon them; two square or right-angled pieces, making part of
the box, slide with it between the arms 26. At the interior of the box are two
divided pieces which admit as many needles as may be required, one part is
fixed, serving for all narrowings of the same kind, and with the same number
of loops. When it is necessary to take a greater number of loops at a time,
the moveable portion of the needles is moved forward. The object of having
part of the needles moveable is to avoid the use of an unnecessary number
when all are not required. The box has at its lower part a support 29
traversed by an axle, which holds the fork of a lever 30. A support 31 fixed
to the exterior piece is connected by a fork or branch 32 to the bar h¹; this
fork forms a stop, and limits the course of the thread carrier at the last loop of
the web wherever that may be. Another support is fixed to the interior piece
to receive an axle which rests also on the support 31, and passes through
various levers, hereafter described. A lever 33 furnished with a small
excentric proceeds from the same axle, and passing above the boss has its end
fitted, as shewn in the Drawing. A large excentric 34 (Figure 2) pierced
at the centre for the passage of the axle of the support 31, rests with one end

page_text: on the boss; the other end abuts under the piece 6 in such manner that it
may raise it when the work requires it, and thus raise the sinkers also. If it
should be desired to raise at each narrowing only as many sinkers as may be
necessary for disengaging the part of the web on which the work-is-proceeding,
a pallet should be placed on the second part of the excentric (Figure 9) to
prevent the action of the excentric upon the other sinkers. An articulated
lever 35, furnished with an excentric at each end, the one before and the
other behind the boss, is fixed with one part in a cap placed on the front of
the screw d', while the other is adapted to the socket of the fork 36. A
support fixed behind the screw and terminated by an axle receives the socket
of the fork.
The wheel 18 being thrown into gear with its pinion, the shaft 19 and the
boss 23 are set revolving. The boss with its cams then put all the narrowing
apparatus in motion as follows:-A cam 38 encountering the excentric of the
lever 33 raises it, and this acts on the lever 30, which pushes the needle
carrier and carries this to the knitting needles. The rocking movement of the
narrowing needles causes them to come upon the chase of the knitting needles.
A cam 39 coming against the excentric 34 moves it in such manner that it
comes against the piece 6 and raises it, and with it the sinkers. The ec-
centric is held in its new position during the course of the cam, which lasts
throughout the narrowing operation. One of the cams 40 comes against
the excentric of the articulated lever 35 (behind the boss) and moves
it, and by means of it the fork 36. The lower branch is thus made to
press on the lower part of the sinkers which pivot on the rod a', whereby
the upper parts of the sinkers are forced forward, and the loops thus
pushed forward on to the narrowing needles. One of the other cams 40,
then coming against the excentric of the articulated lever 35 (before the boss)
gives to the fork 36 a contrary movement, whereby the upper branch of it is
made to move in the contrary direction, forcing the heads of the sinkers back.
At the moment when the sinkers retire, the narrowing needles are caused to
rise by means of a groove or recess formed in the cam 38, in which the ex-
centric of the lever 32 lies. The pin 22 on the wheel 21 then comes
against the toothed wheel 24, whereby the screw t is turned, and the block d'
thus moved along. The excentric of the lever 32 by means of the curve of
the cam 38 raises the lever 32, which, as in the first movement, lifts the carrier
of the narrowing needles, and transfers them to the needles on which they
have to deposit the loops; the cam 40 again coming against the excentrix of
the articulated lever 35 (behind the boss) and moves it as before, bringing the
sinkers forward. This done, the excentric 39 leaves its cam, having finished its

page_text: action, and allows the piece 6 and the sinkers to fall upon the loops. A last
movement of the fork 36 acted upon by the last of the cams 40, drives
the sinkers back to their normal position, these taking the web with them,
and remaining ready for the ordinary knitting to proceed. The cam 38 then
allows the lever 32 to fall, drawing with it into their normal position the
narrowing needles, &c. The narrowing operation having been thus effected
on one side, while the carriage e proceeded from one side of the frame to the
other, a like operation will be effected by the similar apparatus on the
opposite side, while that carriage returns. When this has been completed
the shaft 19 will be stopped and the knitting proceed as usual, until another
narrowing is to take place.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same may be performed, I declare that I claim,―
First, the employment of a longitudinal screwed shaft worked by gearing
from a crank for giving longitudinal motion to the carriage upon which the
several parts by which the loops are made, are mounted, as herein-before
described.
Secondly, the employment of a fixed bar for the said carriage to slide
upon, in conjunction with a grooved surface for guiding it, as herein-before
described.
Thirdly, the employment of a notched wheel for working and regulating the
narrowing of the fabric, such wheel having attached to its side series of inclined
teeth or surfaces, the length of which may be varied in such manner that the
said wheel may be made variable in diameter, as herein-before described.
Fourthly, the employment of an additional tooth or inclined surface placed
in advance of the series, for the purpose of acting upon a sounding signal, and
thereby giving warning to the attendant, as herein-before described.
Fifthly, the employment of presser wheels for closing the barbs of the
needles, such wheels being caused to act, the one while moving in one direc-
tion, and the other while moving in the opposite direction, by the means and in
the manner herein-before described.
Sixthly, the formation of a vertical slot in the body of the sinkers, and the
employment of a rod passing through the slot as a pivot or point d'appui for
the sinkers, as herein-before described.
Seventhly, the employment of bobbins or thread carriers sliding freely upon
a fixed spindle, worked by notched springs, and provided at their lower
extremities with a small "tender" for distributing the thread regularly and at
a uniform tension, as herein-before described.
Eighthly, the employment of four shafts for working the narrowing apparatus,

page_text: the said shafts being each divided into two parts screw-threaded in opposite
directions, as herein-before described. "
Ninthly, the employment of an eccentric or curved bar, which holds the
sinkers in position and facilitates the proper placing-of-the-thread, as herein-
_before-described.
Tenthly, combining the apparatus which raises the sinkers, during the
narrowing, with a cam fixed near the part which carries the diminishing
apparatus while the machine is at work, and with a pedal when the machine
is at rest and it is necessary to examine the web, change a needle, or perform
any other like operation, as herein-before described.
Eleventhly, the employment of a combination of shafts and screws, which
operate the narrowing apparatus, as herein-before described.
Twelfthly, the employment of two separate narrowing apparatuses, one on
each side of the fabric, to effect the reduction in the number of the loops, as
herein-before described.
Thirteenthly, the employment of an additional eccentric for returning the
looped thread to the head of the needles, and for regulating the loops y, as
herein-before described.
Fourteenthly, the adaptation of wheels to the sliding parts to reduce the
wear, and render the movements smooth and easy, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
K. A. BRUUMAN. (L.S.)