AF IMPROVED MODE OF ANd Apparatus FOR FINISHING COTTON CORDS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Worrall, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Dyer, and John Kershaw, of Wadsworth, in the
Parish of Halifax and County of York, Spinner, for the Invention
of "AF IMPROVED MODE OF ANd Apparatus FOR FINISHING COTTON CORDS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Worrall and
John Kershaw at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 11th April 1872.
We, JAMES WORRALL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Dyer, and JOHN KERSHAW, of Wadsworth, in the Parish of Halifax
and County of York, Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR FINISHING COTTON
CORDS," to be as follows:-
-
This Invention relates to a mode of raising and setting the pile of
cotton cords while in a condition of wetness by size or other solution
that will remove the liability of the pile being crushed or injured before
the goods are put upon the market.

page_text: Instead of (as heretofore) raising the flattened pile while in a wet
state in one machine and transferring it thence to the drying machine,
we now propose to combine the two operations, and thereby to obtain a
raised and rounded pile which will not be liable to injury in the folding
and packing of the goods.
The apparatus may be described as a series of drying cylinders.
mounted in suitable framing and receiving steam for heating the same
through their trunnions. The cloth to be operated upon while wet with
water or size solution is led into the front end of the machine face
upwards, and it is passed over and under a series of drying cylinders to 1
which a slow rotary motion is given. The cloth is then led out at the
rear end of the machine and over a drag roller which delivers it in a
dried state.
Over some of the drying cylinders are mounted transversely an
endless or reciprocating brush or rubber to which a continuous 1
travelling or reciprocating motion is given. This endless or recipro-
cating brush or rubber as the cloth is drawn through the machine acts
transversely on its face and thus raises and also sets the pile while
the drying operation is proceeding. By this means the cloth, instead
of having as heretofore a soft pile liable to injury on being folded or 2
pressed by the packer and carrier, will present a stiff rounded pile capable
of resisting the pressure to which it may be subjected in preparing the
cloth for the market.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Worrall and John Kershaw in the Great 2
Seal Patent Office on the 11th October 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
WORRALL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Dyer, and John
KERSHAW, of Wadsworth, in the Parish of Halifax and County of York,
Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,

page_text: give and grant unto us, the said James Worrall 'and John Kershaw,
Her special licence that we, the said James Worrall and John Kershaw,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said James Worrall and John Kershaw, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,.
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,'
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS
FOR FINISHING COTTON CORDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that.
we, the said James Worrall and John Kershaw, our executors or-
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal-
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Worrall, on behalf of myself.
and of the said John Kershaw, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
-reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters
and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
-
=
This Invention relates to a mode of raising and setting the pile of
cotton cords whilst in a condition of wetness by size or other liquid that
will remove the liability of the pile being crushed or injured before the
goods are put upon the market.
Instead of (as heretofore) raising the flattened pile while in a wet
state in one machine and transferring it thence to the drying machine,
we now propose to combine the two operations, and thereby to obtain a
raised and rounded pile which will not be liable to injury in the folding
and packing of the goods,
:
The apparatus may be described as a series of drying cylinders
mounted in suitable framing, and receiving steam for heating the same
5 through their trunnions. The cloth to be operated upon while wet with
water or size solution is led into the front end of the machine face
upwards, and it is passed over and under a series of drying cylinders tɔ

page_text: which a slow rotary motion is given. The cloth is then led out at the
rear end of the machine and over a drag roller which delivers it in a
dried state.
Above the drying cylinders are mounted transversely endless brushes
to which a continuous travelling motion is given for the purpose of
acting on the cloth as it passes through the machine, and to raise and
set the pile while the drying operation is proceeding.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 shews in side elevation the
improved finishing machine; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the samo; and
Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken in the line 1, 2, of Fig. 1.
1
A, A', are the drying cylinders mounted in two lines on the
framing B, B, which framing is made hollow to form steam ways for
the supply of steam to the drying cylinders, the cylinders being for
this purpose fitted with hollow trunnions connecting with the steam
passages of the framing. The lower row of cylinders A¹ is driven by 1
bevilled gearing from a horizontal shaft O which receives motion
through its pulley c from a band from any prime mover, and by this
means the fabric to be operated upon is traversed through the machine.
The fabric as it is brought from the sizing vat in the form of a roll, as
shewn at D, Fig. 1, is passed under and over guide bars and rollers a, b, 2
and thence to the first of the lower row of drying cylinders. From this
cylinder the fabric passes to the first cylinder of the upper row, then
down to the second cylinder of the lower row, and so on until it passes
under the last cylinder of the lower row, whence it is conducted over a
roller d which delivers it onto a board provided to receive it.
above the drying cylinders A are two pairs of endless brushes E, E¹,
which are supported upon pullies e mounted on horizontal shafts F, F', Fª.
These brushes are intended to act transversely of the fabric in order to
set up the pile while the drying is proceeding. For this purpose the
brushes E, E, are caused to travel in opposite directions in order that 3
they may act on opposite sides of the cords and ensure the pile taking
an upright position. To provide for this the driven pullies of the
brushes E and E¹ are keyed to their respective shafts F" and Fª, which
rotate in opposite directions while the pullies f run loose on their
shaft F. The shafts F and F are geared together, as shewn at Fig. 2, 3
and by means of bevilled gearing the latter shaft receives motion from
a band and driving pulley g.
Situate 2

page_text: It will now be understood that by subjecting the sized cloth while in
a damp state to the finishing operation of our improved machine, the
cloth, instead of having as heretofore when finished a soft pile liable to
injury on being folded or pressed by the packer and carrier, will present
a stiff rounded pile capable of resisting the pressure to which it may be
subjected in preparing the cloth for the market.
We would remark that we do not confine ourselves to the use of two
pairs of endless brushes in the finishing machine, as a greater or less
number may with advantage be employed on certain classes of piece
© goods, neither do we limit ourselves to the use of brushes as the
finishing instruments, as ribbed rubbers might be made to produce a
good result. Although we propose usually to place the brushes imme-
diately above the top drying cylinders, as described, yet they may be
situated opposite the spaces between the rollers, as shewn by dots in
Fig. 1. In such case additional guide rollers h, h, will be introduced,
the same lying parallel to the drying cylinders A, and receiving like
them rotary, motion from the passing fabric.
Having now set forth the nature of our Invention of "An Improved
Mode of and Apparatus for Finishing Cotton Cords," and explained
) the manner of carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood
that we lay no claim to the above described apparatus so far as respects
the arrangement of the drying cylinders; but what we claim is,—
First. As our improved mode of finishing cotton cords the raising and
setting of the pile while in a condition of wetness by size or other liquid,
in the manner above described. .
.
Secondly. The arrangement of apparatus above described for drying
and finishing cotton cords at one and the same operation.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Worrall, have hereunto set
my hand and, seal, the Ninth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.