Improvements in and in the Construction of Cables for Con- veying Electric Telegraph and Telephone Messages, and Electricity for Motive Power and Lighting Purposes.UCTION CS FOR CONVEYING ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE MESSAGES AND ELECTRICITY FOR MOTIVE
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in and in the Construction of Cables for Con-
veying Electric Telegraph and Telephone Messages, and
Electricity for Motive Power and Lighting Purposes.
I JOHN CARRINGTON SELLARS of 68 Bridge Street, Birkenhead in the County
of Chester, Manufacturing Chemist do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CABLES FOR
CONVEYING ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE MESSAGES AND ELECTRICITY
FOR MOTIVE POWER AND LIGHTING PURPOSES to be as follows:-
A cable according to my Invention is constructed in the form of a flat band and
consists of a number of wires placed side by side and running parallel to one
another, the wires being covered by a material made damp resisting and non-
conducting, which may be effected in ways and by materials such as herein after
described.
I construct band cables according to my Invention in the following manner
The wires which may be coated with bitumenous compound are surrounded with
a covering of material such as calico, or vegetable parchment, or paper or a
combination in layers of both, the wires being kept in position by stitching the
materials together longitudinally. The cable is saturated, coated, and the inter-
stices filled with parafine or equivalent damp resisting and non conducting
material.
Cables of the form and constructed according to my Invention may be laid in
any convenient known, or obvious way such as in troughs, ways, or pipes of wood,
cement, concrete, lead, iron, or other material, or they may be attached to the
walls, or roofs of houses and buildings or they may be submerged. The cables
may be laid singly, or in multiple. When laid in multiple, I prefer to separate
each cable by a layer of vegetable, or paper parchment saturated, or covered with
parafine, or equivalent non resisting and non conducting material.
The improved cable as above set forth and constructed as described, provides a
convenient, simple, efficient and inexpensive means of carrying wires in multiple,
at the same time the wires are insulated from one another and the cable is mads
damp proof.

page_text: Electricity for Motive Power and Lighting Purposes.
I JOHN CARRINGTON SELLARS of 68 Bridge Street, Birkenhead in the County
of Chester, Manufacturing Chemist do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CABLES FOR
CONVEYING ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE MESSAGES AND ELECTRICITY
FOR MOTIVE POWER AND LIGHTING PURPOSES and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
A cable according to my invention is constructed in the form of a flat band and
consists of a number of wires placed side by side and running parallel to one
_another, the wires being covered by a material made damp resisting and non-
.conducting, which may be effected in ways and by materials such as hereinafter
described.
I construct band cables according to my Invention in the following manner.
The wires which may be coated with bitumenous compound are surrounded with
a covering of material such as calico, or vegetable parchment, or paper, or a com-
bination in layers of both, the wires being kept in position by stitching
the materials together longitudinally. The cable is saturated, coated, and the
interstices filled with parafine or equivalent damp resisting and non-conducting
'material.
Cables of the form and constructed according to my Invention may be laid in
any convenient, known, or obvious way, such as in troughs, ways, or pipes of
wood, cement, concrete, lead, iron, or other material, or they may be attached to
the walls, or roofs of houses and buildings, or they may be submerged. The cables
may be laid singly or in multiple. When laid in multiple, I prefer to separate each
cable by a layer of vegetable, or paper parchment saturated or covered with
parafine, or equivalent damp resisting and non-conducting material.
The improved cable as above set forth and constructed as described, provides a
convenient, simple, efficient and inexpensive means of carrying wires in multiple,
at the same time the wires are insulated from one another and the cable is made
damp proof.
To enable my Invention to be more clearly understood I have hereunto attached
a sheet of drawings which make a part of this Specification and which are marked
with letters and figures of reference corresponding with those used in the following
description, the same letters and figures being used to denote like or corresponding
parts.

page_text: perspetory
according to my Invention.
Cavic WICH MOTpre foras, or pres
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a band cable according to my Invention, made
up of several bands separated by pitched thin cloth or paper.
Figure 5 illustrates the means I employ for leading individual wires from a band
cable.
Figure 6 shows the lead piece in position in a band cable.
Figure 7 illustrates a form of connection I employ for joining the ends of band
cables together.
Figure 8 is a cross section through a band cable joint shown at Figure 7.
In the Drawings
Figure 1 illustrates a cable A according to my Invention having a number of
wires which are held in position by the rows of stitches marked c. The wires
are surrounded, or wrapped in by a suitable material such as coarse calic. The
wires may be plain, or they may be coated. When coated the material used is
preferably gutta percha, or other like substance, laid on thinly. The band, or belt
is made in this, as in every case, damp resisting and non conducting. A suitable
material for this purpose is by coating and impregnating the band with bituminous
compound.
In Figure 2 is shown a band or belt cable, substantially the same as in Figure 1,
but in lieu of the stitches being made longitudinally as in Figure 1, they are made
cross-wise. To do this the wires are laid in loops, or grooves a made in the cloth
in any suitable way, into which loops the wires are laid and the wires are secured
in this position by stitching the loops a just above the wires in a transverse
direction to the line of the belt, or cable.
Figure 3 shows a band, or belt cable A made up of a number of rows of wires b
wrapped, or enclosed by suitable fabric, such as coarse calico. The wires are held
in position by stitching the layers of the surrounding fabric together by rows c of
stitching made longitudinally along the band, or belt.
In Figure 4 there is shown a number of band cables A placed one over the other.
These cables are separated one from another by strips h of thin bituminous, or
pitched cloth, or paper steeped in parafine, or equivalent material, which will
prevent the bitumen of the layers of cables from adhering to each other.
Figures 5 and 6 illustrate a means I employ to lead individual wires from a
belt, or band. The device consists of a grooved piece d of non-conducting material,
preferably what is known as "vulcanized fibre." To take a lead from the cable, a'
portion of the cable is cut away from around the wire to be tapped, into this space
the piece d is placed in such a way that the wire b comes in the groove in the
piece d. The lead b¹ is connected to the wire b by solder, or other suitable means.
When the piece d is in position (see Figure 6) hot bitumen, or other equivalent
compound is poured over the piece d and into the groove thereof, thereby filling
in all spaces and making a good non conducting and damp proof connection.
In Figures 7 and 8 are illustrated a means of connecting the ends of band or
belt cables together. It consists of a plate e of suitable non conducting material,
such as vulcanized fibre having grooves f therein, corresponding with the wires of
the cable. This plate e is placed between the two ends of the cables A, the wires
being suitably joined together such as by twisting, or soldering and when in
position hot bitumen, or equivalent non conducting material is poured over the
plate and joint, thereby making a damp resisting and non-conducting connection,
or joint,
In connection with the cables A I sometimes employ metal foils, such as lead
foil, which I place in sheets between the cables. By these means the disadvantages
of induction currents in cables are obviated. In reference to Figure 4 there is set
forth a multiple cable having separating layers, or strips of cloth, or paper. The
layers of foil above mentioned can be placed between the cables A in a substantially
similar manner.

page_text: The cables A may be rolled up when made into a rope form and they can be
taped, or wired, or otherwise bound or held together by any of the well known
systems of covering.
When the cables are laid in cement or concrete troughs, or permanent ways
they are surrounded with paper to prevent adhesion of the concrete with the
cable.
The cables above described may be used for conveying electrical and telephonic
messages and for electric light purposes and for power, and the wires used may be
ordinary round wires, or flat ribbands.
my
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
1 claim is
First. A cable made in the form of a band, or belt, substantially as set forth.
Second. A cable made of a number of wires arranged in rows and held in
position substantially as set forth.
Third. Constructing cables of the type herein described of a number of wires
surrounded, or wrapped in a pliable fabric of the type herein described and held
in position by sewing, or stitching, the whole being provided and coated with a
non conducting and damp resisting material substantially as set forth.
Fourth. The band, or belt cable constructed as set forth, with reference to
Figure 1.
Fifth. The band, or belt cable constructed as set forth, with reference to
Figure 2.
Sixth. The band, or belt cable constructed as set forth with reference to
Figure 3.
Seventh. Separating the cables herein set forth by means of a material such as
paper, or cloth, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Eighth. Effecting the leading of wires from cables, substantially as set forth
with reference to Figures 5 and 6 of the Drawings.
Ninth. The use in connection with helt, or band cables of a vulcanized fibre, or
equivalent material piece such as d substantially as and for the purposes set forth
with reference to Figures 5 and 6 of the Drawings.
Tenth. The means of joining the ends of cables together, substantially as set
forth.
Eleventh. The use of a vulcanized or equivalent material piece such as e and
constructed substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 7 and 8.
Twelfth. In connection with cables of the type herein described the use of a
metal foil or foils such as that herein described substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
1 1
100K