IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HYDROSTATIC PRESSES SUITABLE FOR PACKING AND COMPRESSING COTTON AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Taylor Bellhouse, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, and William John Dorning, of the same
Place, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF HYDROSTATIC PRESSES SUITABLE FOR PACKING AND COMPRESSING COTTON AND
OTHER MATERIALS"
Place, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF HYDROSTATIC PRESSES SUITABLE FOR PACKING AND COMPRESSING COTTON AND
OTHER MATERIALE"
Sealed the 15th July 1862, and dated the 6th February 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse
and William John Dorning at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 6th February 1862.
We, EDWARD TAYLOR BELLHOUSE, of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, Engineer, and WILLIAM JOHN DORNING, of the same Place, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF HYDROSTATIC PRESSES SUITABLE FOR PACKING AND COMPRESSING
COTTON AND OTHER MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain peculiar constructions and arrangements-of
hydrostatic presses suitable for packing or compressing bales of cotton or other
materials of a compressible nature.
According to one arrangement of press constructed under this Invention it
is proposed to combined a vertical and a horizontal hydrostatic press. The
ram head or table of each press works within a box or casing of its own, the

page_text: cotton or other material to be compressed being in the first instance introduced
through a 'door or trap for that purpose in the horizontal box, and forced by
the ram of the horizontal press laterally into the vertical box or casing of the
vertical press. The ram head or table of the vertical press is now caused to
rise, and -compresses the already. partially compressed material in a vertical
direction.
The table of the vertical press, when down, forms a continuation of the
floor of the horizontal box or casing, and the table or ram head of the
horizontal press, and the press top of that press form respectively the opposite
sides of the vertical box or casing, when the press head has arrived at the
extremity of its horizontal traverse. A chain and counterweight or other
suitable contrivance in communication with the horizontal ram serves to draw
it back, when the water is allowed to escape out of the horizontal cylinder, so
as to be in readiness for a fresh supply of material.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th August 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDWARD
TAYLOR BELLHOUSE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
WILLIAM JOHN DORNING, of the same Place, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of February, in the year of
our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning, Her special license
that we, the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning, our
executors, administrators and assigns, or such others as we; the said Edward.
Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning, our executors, adminis-
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HYDROSTATIC
PRESSES SUITABLE FOR PACKING AND. COMPRESSING, COTTON AND OTHER MATERIALS,"
upon the condition (amongst others), that we, the said Edward Taylor

page_text: Bellhouse and William John Dorning, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal
of one of them, should particularly. describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William
John Dorning, do hereby. declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed; to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say:
Our said Invention consists of a novel arrangement and combination of
hydrostatic cylinders and rams, or of a hydrostatic cylinder and ram, with other
mechanical contrivances for compressing and packing into bales cotton, wool,
yarn, fibre, hair, or other compressible materials.. The description herein-after
given refers more particularly to the adaptation of this Invention to the packing
of cotton bales in a suitable form for shipment from India, although this is.
only one of its numerous adaptations.
And in order that our said Invention may be fully understood, we shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose we shall
refer to the several Figures on the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout, all the
Figures.
Figure 1 of the annexed Sheet of Drawings represents a vertical section of
one arrangement of our improved bydrostatic press as constructed for the
packing of cotton, and Figure 2, is a sectional plan of the same corresponding
to Figure 1.
The essential feature of novelty in this press is the combination of vertical,
and horizontal pressure exerted upon the same bale in one operation. The
ram heads A and A¹ of the vertical and horizontal presses respectively work.
within their corresponding vertical and horizontal boxes or cases B and B'..
The cotton or other material to be compressed is introduced into these boxes
or cases through suitable apertures closed by hinged doors or otherwise. One
of these doors on the casing B¹ of the horizontal press is shown at. C.. The
spaces above and in front of the ram heads having been filled with cotton, the
table or ram head A' of the horizontal press is forced by the ram laterally

page_text: until it becomes level or flush with the side of the box or casing B of the
vertical press, as shewn by the dotted lines in Figure 1. The ram head or
table A of the vertical press is now caused to rise, and the already partially
compressed cotton is further compressed in a vertical direction until the whole
is contained within the small space between the ram head or table A and the
top of the vertical press, also shewn by dotted lines in Figure 1. The upper
part of the box or casing B is then opened by hinged doors or otherwise, so
that the bale may be covered with canvass and corded or hooped in the usual
way, a chain and counterweight D or other suitable contrivance in connection
with the horizontal ram A¹ serving to draw it back so soon as the water is
allowed to escape out of the horizontal cylinder, so as to lie in readiness for a
fresh supply of material.
The ram and table of the vertical press are allowed to descend by
their own gravity after the bale is completed, and the making of another
bale is proceeded with. If desired two or more horizontal presses in
whatever relative position may be combined with a vertical press, as shewn by
the Diagrams, Figures 3 and 4. Figure 3 represents a vertical sectional
Diagram of an arrangement wherein two horizontal presses are combined with
a vertical press, and Figure 4 represents in sectional plan the combination of
four horizontal presses with a vertical press. In lieu of placing the supple-
mentary presses in a horizontal position, they may, if preferred, be placed in
oblique positions at any angle desired. The same letters of reference indicate
the corresponding parts in Figures 3 and 4 to those illustrated in Figures 1
and 2.
:
Instead of having the whole of the presses worked by hydraulic power it is
proposed in some cases to work the horizontal or supplementary presses by
suitable mechanical movements, giving the desired amount of pressure, but in
all cases the final vertical pressure is given by a hydrostatic press.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we consider to be novel
and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, is,―
First, the general construction and arrangement of hydrostatic presses, as
herein-before described.
Second, the application and use in combination with a vertical hydraulic
press of one or more horizontal or inclined presses, actuated according to the
hydraulic principle, or by any convenient mechanical contrivance so as to

page_text: impart a lateral and a vertical pressure to the cotton or other materials under
treatment, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William
John Dorning, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Second day
of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-two.
EDW. T. BELLHOUSE. (L.S.)
W. JNO. DORNING.
(L.S.)
EDW³. T. BELLHOUSE. (L.S.)
WM JNO. DORNING.
(L.S.)

page_text: LONDON:
PRINTED BY GEORGE E. EYRE AND WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE
PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY :
PUBLISHED AT THE GREAT SEAL PATENT OFFICE,
25, SOUTHAMPTON BUILDINGS, HOLBORN.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Taylor Bellhouse, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, and William John Dorning, of the same
Place, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF HYDROSTATIC PRESSES SUITABLE FOR PACKING AND COMPRESSING COTTON AND
AUWERD MAMEDYAZO"
Sealed the 15th July 1862, and dated the 6th February 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse
and William John Dorning at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 6th February 1862.
We, EDWARD TAYLOR BELLHOUSE, of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, Engineer, and WILLIAM JOHN DORNING, of the same Place, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said. Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF HYDROSTATIC PRESSES SUITABLE FOR PACKING AND COMPRESSING
COTTON AND OTHER MATERIALS," to be as follows :-
This Invention relates to certain peculiar constructions and arrangements of
hydrostatic presses suitable for packing or compressing bales of cotton or other
materials of a compressible nature.
According to one arrangement of press constructed under this Invention it
is proposed to combined a vertical and a horizontal hydrostatic press. The
ram head or table of each press works within a box or casing of its own, the

page_text: cotton or other materiał to be compressed being in the first instance introduced
through a door or trap for that purpose in the horizontal box, and forced by
the ram of the horizontal press laterally into the vertical box or casing of the
vertical press. The ram head or table of the vertical press is now caused to
rise, and compresses the already partially compressed material in a vertical
direction.
The table of the vertical press, when down, forms a continuation of the
floor of the horizontal box or casing, and the table or ram head of the
horizontal press; and the press top of that press form respectively the opposite
sides of the vertical box or casing, when the press head has arrived at the
extremity of its horizontal traverse. A chain and counterweight or other
suitable contrivance in communication with the horizontal ram serves to draw
it back, when the water is allowed to escape out of, the horizontal cylinder, so
as to be in readiness for a fresh supply of material.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th August 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDWARD
TAYLOR BELLHOUSE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
WILLIAM JOHN DORNING, of the same Place, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning, Her special license
that we, the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William Jolin Dorning, our
executors, administrators and assigns, or such other's as we, the said. Edward
Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning; our executors, adminis-
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with; and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HYDROSTATIC
PRESSES SUITABLE FOR PACKING AND COMPRESSING COTTON AND OTHER MATERIALS;"
upon the condition (amongst others); that we, the said !Edward Taylor

page_text: Bellhouse and William John Dorning, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and scal
of one of them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said. Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William
John Dorning, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say-
Our said Invention consists of a novel arrangement and combination of
hydrostatic cylinders and rams, or of a hydrostatic cylinder and ram, with other.
mechanical contrivances for compressing and packing into bales cotton, wool,
yarn, fibre, hair, or other compressible materials. The description herein-after
given refers more particularly to the adaptation of this Invention to the packing
of cotton bales in a suitable form for shipment from India, although this is
only one of its numerous adaptations.
And in order that our said Invention may be fully understood, we shall now.
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose we shall
refer to the several Figures on the. Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the-
Figures.
Figure 1 of the annexed Sheet of Drawings represents a vertical section of
one arrangement of our improved hydrostatic press as constructed for the-
packing of cotton, and Figure 2 is a sectional plan of the same corresponding
to Figure 1.
The essential feature of novelty in this press is the combination of vertical.
and horizontal pressure exerted upon the same bale in one operation. The
ram heads.A and A¹ of the vertical and horizontal presses respectively work.
within their corresponding vertical and horizontal boxes or cases B and B'.
The cotton or other material to be compressed is introduced into these boxes
or cases through suitable apertures closed by hinged doors or otherwise. One
of these doors on the casing B' of the horizontal press is shown at C. The
spaces above and in front of the ram heads having been filled with cotton, the
table or ram head A¹ of the horizontal press is forced by the ram laterally

page_text: until it becomes level or flush with the side of the box or casing B of the
vertical press, as shewn by the dotted lines in Figure 1. The ram head or
table A of the vertical press is now caused to rise, and the already partially
compressed cotton is further compressed in a vertical direction until the whole
is contained within the small space between the ram head or table A and the
top of the vertical press, also shewn by dotted lines in Figure 1. The upper
part of the box or casing B is then opened by hinged doors or otherwise, so
that the bale may be covered with canvass and corded or hooped in the usual
way, a chain and counterweight D or other suitable contrivance in connection'
with the horizontal ram A¹ serving to draw it back so soon as the water is
allowed to escape out of the horizontal cylinder, so as to lie in readiness for a
fresh supply of material.
The ram and table of the vertical press are allowed to descend by
their own gravity after the bale is completed, and the making of another
bale is proceeded with. If desired two or more horizontal presses in
whatever relative position may be combined with a vertical press, as shewn by
the Diagrams, Figures 3 and 4. Figure 3 represents a vertical sectional
Diagram of an arrangement wherein two horizontal presses are combined with
a vertical press, and Figure 4 represents in sectional plan the combination of
four horizontal presses with a vertical press. In lieu of placing the supple-
mentary presses in a horizontal position, they may, if preferred, be placed in
oblique positions at any angle desired. The same letters of reference indicate
the corresponding parts in Figures 3 and 4 to those illustrated in Figures 1
and 2.
Instead of having the whole of the presses worked by hydraulic power it is
proposed in some cases to work the horizontal or supplementary presses by
suitable mechanical movements, giving the desired amount of pressure, but in
all cases the final vertical pressure is given by a hydrostatic press.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we consider to be novel
and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-.
before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the general construction and arrangement of hydrostatic presses, as
herein-before described.
Second, the application and use in combination with a vertical hydraulic
press of one or more horizontal or inclined presses, actuated according to the
hydraulic principle, or by any convenient mechanical contrivance so as to

page_text: impart a lateral and a vertical pressure to the cotton or other materials under
treatment, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William
John Dorning, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this 'Second day
of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-two.
EDW. T. BELLHOUSE. (L.S.)
W. JNO. DORNING.
(L.S.)
EDW³. T. BELLHOUSE. (L.S.)
W. JNO. DORNING.
(L.S.)