Improvements in or relating to Stoves.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application: 4th Feb., 1896
Complete. Specification. Left, 16th Sept., 1896-Accepted; .14th Nov., 1896
.PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Stoves.
A communication from CHRISTIAN MARTIN HESS; of Veile; in the Kingdom' of
Denmark.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of the improvements in stoves according to this invention is partly to
realise a continuous burning by reason of the position of the store from which fresh
coals descend automatically as the combustion proceeds and partly to realise the most
complete utilisation of fuel possible, so that no valuable combustion-products escape
aselessly into the chimney.
The hearth consists of the ash-pan placed under the sliding grate, the place where
the combustion goes on, a "store" over. this combustion place, a canal. for supplying
fresh air, a smoke canal leading to the place of combustion and an outlet canal or flue
for the products of combustion. The coals gradually become incandescent as they
descend into the combustion place, as the air-necessary for .combustion; mixed with the
gas developed. from the coals, enters only at the latter place.
The ashes are removable from the-fire with the aid of sliding grate bars, without
having to extinguish the fire. The middle door is opened only when fire in the stove
has to be started, and; afterwards when.. the cinders have to be removed. from the
combustion place.
The sinoke from the reserve or store of coal is led down through a smoke.canal into
the glowing fuel on the hearth, and so consumed. This arrangement produces a very
strong draught downwards to force the developed gases. into .the: fire, where, the
strongly heated air and gases enter, mixed.
. The air canal and the smoke canal.are made as follows ;-
A casing having a valve box and a valve is screwed on to the outside of the coal.
store. A partition in the casing forms the. two canals, one of which is between the
front wall of the casing and the partition, while the other passes between the partition
and a suspended grating. Both canals merge. into one, which is: widened, and from
that into the fire place.. From this widened canal the air and the gases.are, led through
an annular canal which is formed between a metal or other ring.and.the.wall of the
fire place, and from there to. the fire.. In this way the..smoke developed is..forced. to
pass through the fire before it..leaves..the stove. . The special advantages of, these
furnaces are that ;-
.1. The gases, developed from the coals, which in others--not smoke-consuming-are
partly lost in the chimney, are forced to pass through the fire together with the air,
whereby they come to a place where the.combustion is.the: strongest and, so, they are
consumed completely.
2. They, have a continuously burning fire and have to be filled. only once or twice
a day.
. 3. The ashes can be removed without extinguishing the fire.
:
. 4.. Coal as well as coke may be burnt on the tire. place and in. autumn. and. spring it
can be used as an ordinary furnace and be used with wood and peat, if desired. The
upper door is then tightly closed and the lighting of the fire is effected., through..the
middle door.

page_text: The difference between these new and ordinary stoves with continuous fire and
smoke consumption is that there is here only one way for the air for consumption and
for the gases, namely neither over nor under but through the glowing coals, in the
place where the most intense combustion takes place and therefore where the highest
temperature is to be found.
At the same time any risk of explosion is excluded. Then the air supply is
arranged so that it is not in direct communication with the glowing mass of fuel
whereby the whole store of coal does not become incandescent and therefore over-
heating of the room, melting of the suspended grating and the like troubles are
avoided. The opening of the outlet canal into the combustion space is made of
refractory material, which can be easily replaced through the middle door without
necessitating the removal of the stove.
Dated this 4th day of February 1896.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
A communication from CHRISTIAN MARTIN HESS, of Veile, in the Kingdom of
Denmark.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, formerly of 323 High Holborn but now of 111 Hatton
Garden, in the County of Middlesex, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of the improvements in stoves according to this invention is partly to
realise a continuous burning by reason of the position of the store from which fresh
coals descend automatically as the combustion proceeds and partly to realise the most
complete utilisation of fuel possible, so that no valuable combustion-products escape
uselessly into the chimney."
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a vertical central section of one construction of stove according to this
invention,
Figs. 2 and 3 being transverse sections on the lines xx and yy of Fig. 1,
respectively.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
The stove comprises a the ash pan placed under a sliding grate b, the place b',
where the combustion goes on, a "store" c over this combustion place, a canal d
for supplying fresh air, a smoke canal e leading to the place of combustion and an
outlet canal or fluef for the products of combustion. The coals gradually become
incandescent as they descend into the combustion place, as the air necessary for
combustion, mixed with the gas developed from the coals, enters only at the latter
place.
The ashes are removable from the fire with the aid of sliding grate bars, without
having to extinguish the fire. The middle door is opened only when fire in the
stove has to be started, and afterwards when the cinders have to be removed from
the combustion place.
The smoke from the reserve or store of coal is led down through a smoke canal
into the glowing fuel on the hearth, and so consumed; its path is indicated by
arrows in the drawing. This arrangement produces a very strong draught down-
wards to force the developed gases into the fire, where the strongly heated air and
gases enter, mixed.

page_text: The air canal d and the smoke canal e are made as follows:-
A casing having a valve-box and a valve o is screwed on to the outside of the coal
store. A partition in the casing forms the two canals, one of which, d, is between
the front wall of the casing and the partition, while the other, e, passes between the
partition and a suspended grating R. Both canals merge into one canal B which is
widened and from that into the fire place 6. From this widened canal B the air and
the gases are led through an annular canal which is formed between a metal or other
ring and the wall of the fire place (Fig. 2) and from there to the fire.
In this way
the smoke developed is forced to pass through the fire, before it leaves the stove,
therefore it must give off the greatest heat. The special advantages of these stoves
are that :-
1. The gases, developed from the coals, which in other stoves-not smoke
consuming are partly lost in the chimney, are forced to pass through the fire
together with the air, whereby they come to a place where the combustion is the
strongest and so are consumed completely.
°
2. They have a continuously burning fire and have to be filled only once or twice
a day.
3. The ashes can be removed without extinguishing the fire.
4. Coal as well as coke may be burnt on the fire place, and in autumn and spring it
can be used as an ordinary stove, and be used with wood and peat, if desired. The
upper door is then tightly closed and the lighting of the fire is effected through the
middle door. The difference between these new stoves and ordinary stoves with
continuous fire and smoke consumption is that there is here only one way for the
air for consumption and for the gases namely neither over nor under but through
the glowing coals, into the place where the most intense combustion takes place and
therefore where the highest temperature is to be found.
At the same time any risk of explosion is excluded. Then the air supply is
arranged so that it is not in direct communication with the glowing
whereby the whole store of coal does not become incandescent and therefore over-
mass of fuel
heating of the room, melting of the suspended grating and the like troubles are
avoided. The opening of the outlet canal into the combustion space is made of
refractory material, which can be easily replaced through the middle door without
necessitating the removal of the stove.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. For stoves smoke consuming fire-places or central heating apparatus, charac-
erised by the air being supplied through a canal d opening downwards and the
gases which have been developed in the coal store being led through a canal e,
both canals being formed by a casing with an intermediate partition screwed on to
be store and arranged substantially as described, the canals d and emerging in
ne canal B where air and smoke are mixed and heated in order to be supplied
hrough the annular canal aforesaid between the rings ii and the wall of the fire
eceptacle into the fire-place where complete combustion takes place.
2. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting an improved stove
ubstantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 16th day of September 1896.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.