CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE PURPOSE OF SPINNING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1827

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LAMBERT
DEXTER, of King's Arm Yard, Coleman Street, in the City of London,
Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Sixteenth day of June, One thousand eight hundred and
twenty-seven, in the eighth year of His reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Lambert Dexter, His special
licence that I, the said Lambert Dexter, my exors, aditiors, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Lambert Dexter, my exors, adiñiors, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, usc, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR THE PURPOSE OF SPINNING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES,"
(communicated to me by a certain Foreigner residing abroad); in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Lambert Dexter,
by an instrument in writing under my hand seal, particularly to describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same.
is to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Lambert Dexter, do hereby describe the nature of the said Invention, refer-
ence being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed.
These springs K are
The supports of H, I, are fixed
N, O, are two horizontal cast-
Figures 1, 2, and 5 are vertical elevations of the machinery, drawn one
sixth of the real size. Figure 3 is a vertical section, and Figure 4 is a horizontal
projection of parts. Fig. 3, drawn half of the real size. The same letters of
In the
reference mark the same parts of the mechanism in all the Figures.
front elevation, Figure 1 A is the driving rigger, to which the moving power
is applied by an endless strap, and B is a loose rigger on the same axis
to carry the endless strap when the machinery is at rest. C is a toothed
wheel fixed on the horizontal axis of A. to drive the toothed wheel D, which is
fixed on one end of a horizontal axis, having a bevelled wheel E, and a
worm a fixed on its other end. The wheel E drives another bevilled wheel,
which is fixed on the lower end of the oblique axis F, which has another
bevilled wheel fixed on its upper end, to drive the bevilled wheel G,
and the metal rollers. H. Fixed on the axis of G, I are iron rollers
covered with leather, and moveable in sliding bearings parallel to H,
and are pressed towards H by the springs K.
screwed on the top of the cast-iron frame L..
to the top of the frame L by the screws M:
iron rails, reaching from one end of the machine to the other, represented half
the real size, in Figure 3. Each end of these rails N, O, is fixed by screws to
the end frames. Figure 2. The carriages P are fixed against the front of
the rail N, and the lower carriages Q are fixed against the front of the lower
horizontal rail O. A worm a is fixed on the extremity of the axis of the
bevilled wheel B, for the purpose of driving the worm wheel, which is fixed on
the upper end of the oblique axis R, having a bevilled wheel fixed on its lower
end to drive the bevilled wheel S, which is fixed on the horizontal axis T.
The axis T also carries the heart-shaped excentrics U, acting on one extremity
of the levers V, which have their centre of motion at W, at each end of the
machine. The other extremity of the lever V raises the horizontal rail X,
attached to the vertical rods Y, moving vertically in the fixed guides Z, which
are fixed to the frame L at each end for the purpose of raising or lowering
the spindle b, which slides through the pulley e, and carries the bobbin c. d is
an endless line passing round a fixed pulley on the axis of C, and driving the
pulley e, and with it the twisting flyer f, by means of the pin g,
in the pulley e, and fits into a hole in the bottom of the flyer f.
turn round on a vertical cannon or pipe fixed to Q, as clearly, appears in
Figure 3. i is another endless line passing round a pulley fixed on the axis
"
306
which is fixed
Both e and f

page_text: of D for the purpose of driving the pulley k, and with it the drawing flyer m,
which is made to revolve with k by means of the pin 7, and both and 7 turn
on a cannon or pipe fixed to the extremities of P. 2 and o are two horizontal
metal rollers; n being covered with leather, and being plain or fluted.
Their bearings are in the frame m, and their contact is adjusted by means
of the spring screw pin 7. The worm wheel p is fixed on the axis of o, and as
this wheel is carried round by the revolutions of the flyer m, its teeth take
into the inner edge of the concave accommodating worm r, by which means it
is made to revolve, and turn the roller o round a horizontal axis, at the sanie
time giving motion to the parallel roller by pressure. S is the foot of the
said worm 7, by which it is fixed to the rail N. The worm ? must be adapted
to the number of teeth in the wheel p. By varying the thickness of the block t,
and turning the screw u, the wheel p escapes one tooth in every revolution of
the drawing flyer m, by which means the fibrous substance is drawn forwards,
and held by two rollers n, o, and at the same time twisted by the revolutions
of the flyer m. This is a new and most important part of the machinery. The
fibrous substance to be spun, wool, for instance, is first to be passed between
the feeding or drawing rollers H, I, Figure 2, then between the rollers 71, 0,
in the drawing flyer m, and, afterwards through the top of the twisting flyer f
through the loops h, h, fixed to f, and lastly is to be attached to the bobbin c.
The wheel D, being twice the diameter of C, causes the drawing flyer m to
revolve with less than half the velocity of the twisting flyer, which is neces-
sary, in order to give sufficient twist to the thread or yarn w. These relative
velocities of the flyers will require varying for different fibrous substances, and
according to the views and intentions of the manufacturer. The action of the
heart-shaped excentric U on one end of the lever W causes the bobbin c. to
rise and fall in such a way as to wind up the thread or yarn upon it in a
regular and advantageous manner. The spindle does not revolve, being
fitted tight into a round hole in the brass step on the moveable rail X. The
thread or yarn is wound upon the bobbin c sufficiently tight, in consequence of
the friction between the bottom of the bobbin and the brass collar 8, which is
fixed on the spindle b.
Figure 5 represents; one sixth of the real size, another method of moving the
rail X and the spindles b, for the purpose of winding caps or bobbins ready for
use in weavers' shuttles. a is a spiral cam wheel, with its teeth downwards,
fixed on a vertical axis 2, on which is also fixed the worm wheel y,
driven by the worm, which said worm may be placed on the middle
of the length of the horizontal axis of the wheel S, instead of using
the heart-shaped excentric U. 3 is a lever, of which there are two

page_text: alike, one near each end of the machine connected together by a horizontal
rail, which has in the middle of its length a tongue 10, bearing always
against the teeth of the wheel x. 4, the centre of motion of the two levers 3.
6 is a line passing over a fixed pulley 7, and having one end fastened to the
long arm of the levers 3, and the other end fastened to the rail X. The rise
of the teeth of the wheel, and the relative lengths of the arms of the said
levers, are so proportioned as to raise the bobbin or bobbins 9 just the height
required. The weight 5, suspended from each lever, is a counterpoise to the
rail X and its load, and is to be sufficiently heavy to make the tongue 10
always bear against the wheel x. To use this patent machinery in combina-
tion with any machine now employed in preparing fibrous substances for spin-
ning, all that is necessary is to bring the said substance from such preparing
machine to a pair of horizontal rollers similar to H, I, in Fig. 2, placed at any
convenient distance above the drawing flyer m.
I do not claim as new in this Kingdom any parts of the machinery herein
specified, taken separately, but I claim the specified machinery as a whole, as a
new and valuable combination not hitherto known and used in this Kingdom
for the specified purpose.
In witness whereof, I, the said Lambert Dexter, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and twenty-seven