IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF LOAF SUGAR, AND APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE
Year: 1874

page_text: Filed 19th July 1880.
In the Matter of Letters Patent granted to CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of
No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION
OF LOAF SUGAR, AND APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE." A communication
to him from abroad by Eugen Langen, of Cologne, in the German Empire,
bearing date the 7th August 1874, No. 2734.
DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION proposed to be
filed by Eugen Langen, of Cologne, in the German Empire, in the Great
Seal Patent Offico with the Specification to which the same relates, according
to the Statute in that case made and provided.
WHEREAS Her Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters Patent, under the
Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing dato
the 7th day of August 1874, in the Thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did grant
unto Charles Denton Abel, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, the sole privilege during the term of fourteen years
thence next ensuing to make, use, exerciso, and vend within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF LOAF SUGAR, AND APPARATUS FOR
THAT PURPOSE." A communication to him from abroad by me, the said Eugen
Langen:
And whereas in pursuance of a proviso in the said Letters Patent contained,
the said Charles Denton Abel, did within six calendar months next after tho
date of the said Letters Patent, cause a Specification in writing under_his hand
and seal, purporting to describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, to be duly filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office:

page_text: '
And whereas the said Letters Patent have been assigned to and became and nów
are vested in me, the said Eugen Langen:
And whereas since the filing of the said Specification I, tho said Eugen Langen,
have ascertained that parts of the process therein described and claimed had been
proposed to be used before the date of the said Letters Patent, and I therefore
desire to amend and alter the description and claiming clauses so as to confine
them to what I believe to have been novel at the said date, and to define with
greater precision the Invention which it is intended to be claimed.
I hereby disclaim and alter the said Specification in manner following, that is
to say :-
Referring to the Queen's Printers' copy at page 3 line 28 I omit the word
firstly," and after the word "method" d'insert the words "hereinafter particularly
described." At page 3 line 30 I omit the word "secondly." At page 4 line 2 for
the words "may be of the ordinary kind, but preferably "I substitute "are." At
page 4 lines 5 and 6 for the words "moulds of that form being conveniently "I
substitute "and are.". At page 4 line 19 I omit the word "claim "-and insert-
hereby declare that no claim is intended to be made generally to the preparation.
of loaf sugar by mixing strong syrup or pan liquor with-granular-crystals of sugar,
stirring and heating the mixture, and charging it into moulds; but I claim." In
page 4 I omit lines 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24. At page 4 line 25 I omit the word
"second." And the said Specification when so altered and amended will read as
follows:-
"
(Here follows the usual preamble to final Specification.)
In preparing loaf sugar it is usual to dissolve the wholo mass of sugar in water,
the solution or syrup after refinement and concentration by heat being filled into
moulds wherein it is drained of superfluous moisture, and sets into the solid
crystalline loaf condition.
This Invention relates to a method, hereinafter particularly described, of
preparing sugar_in_the_required_condition without dissolving the whole mass
so as to diminish tho expenditure of time and heating power, and to a modification
of moulds wherein the sugar sets so as to produce the loaf sugar in a form which.
can be readily broken into fragments.
Instead of dissolving the whole mass of sugar only a small portion is dissolved.
so as to form strong syrup, or pan liquor as it runs from the charcoal filters may be
used'; this is poured into a vessel containing the raw or purified crystals of sugar
in their ordinary granular.condition, and the whole is stirred. and heated. When
the granular sugar and the syrup have been thoroughly mingled under the influence
of heat, the mixture is charged into moulds, which are in the form of segments, of a
cylindrical-annulus, such as are described in the Specification of a Patent granted
to E. T. Hughes, No. 2456, of 1872, for a communication from the said E. Langen,
and are applied to a centrifugal machine for the purpose of expelling the surplus
moisture, as described in the said Specification. The syrup applied as above set
forth has the effect of soldering together or uniting the granular crystals of the
sugar, and the mixture sets in the solid crystalline or loaf condition.
In order to produce the loaf sugar in form convenient for breaking up, the
moulds are divided by thin plates laid in the direction of their drainage, so that
when the sugar is removed from the moulds it separates into slabs, each of which,
having a thickness corresponding to the distance apart of the dividing plates, çan
be readily broken up into fragments.
Having thus described the nature of this Invention, and in what. manner the
same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent;
I hereby declare that no claim is intended to be made generally to the preparation
of loaf sugar by mixing strong syrup or pan liquor with granular crystals of
sugar, stirring and heating the mixture, and charging it into moulds; but I
claim,
:
•
The use, in segment moulds for loaf sugar, of thin division plates laid in the

page_text: direction of the drainage of the moulds, substantially as and for the purposes herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Denton Abel, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
CHA. D. ABEL. (L.&.)
In witness whereof, I, the said Eugen Langen, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
aight hundred and eighty
I hereby grant my fiat, giving leave to the above named Eugen Langen (the
assignee and now legal and equitable owner of the said Letters Patent) to file in
the Great Seal Patent Office, with the Specification to which the same relates,
the above written Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel, of No. 20, Southampton
Buildings, Chancery Lanc, in the County of Middlesex, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF LOAF SUGAR AND
APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE."-A communication from abroad by
Eugen Langen, of Cologne, in the German Empire.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION-left-by_the_said Charles Denton Abel
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 7th August 1874.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings,
5 Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of tho said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF
Loaf Sugar and APPARATUS FOR THAT. PURPOSE," to be as follows:-
In preparing loaf sugar it is usual to dissolve the whole mass of sugar
in water, the solution or syrup after refinement and concentration by
heat being filled into moulds, wherein. it is drained of superfluous
moisture and sets into the solid crystalline loaf condition.

page_text: This Invention relates, firstly, to a method of preparing sugar in the
required condition without dissolving the whole mass so as to diminish
the expendituro of time and heating power; and, secondly; to a modifi-
cation of the moulds wherein the sugar sets so as to produce the loaf
sugar in a form which can be readily broken into fragments.
Instead of dissolving the whole mass of sugar only a small portion is
dissolved so as to form strong syrup or pan liquor as it runs from the
charcoal filters may be used. This is poured into a vessel containing
the raw or purified crystals of sugar in their ordinary granular condition,
and the whole is stirred and heated. When the granular sugar and the
syrup have been thoroughly mingled under the influence of heat the
mixture is charged into moulds which may be of the ordinary kind but
preferably in the form of segments of a cylindrical annulus, such as aro
described in the Specification of a Patent granted to E. T. Hughes, No.
2456 of 1872, for a communication from the said E. Langen, moulds of
that form being conveniently applied to a centrifugal machine for the
purpose of expelling the surplus moisture, as described in the said
Specification. The syrup applied as above set forth has the effect of
soldering together or uniting the granular crystals of the sugar and the
mixture sets in the solid crystalline or loaf condition.
In order to produce the loaf sugar in form convenient for breaking up,
the moulds are divided by thin plates laid in the direction of their
drainage, so that when the sugar is removed from the moulds it separates
into slabs, each of which, having a thickness corresponding to the
distance apart of the dividing plates, can be readily broken up into
fragments.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Charles Denton Abel in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 16th October 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES 3
DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty- 8

page_text: eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Charles Denton Abel, Her special
license that I, the said Charles Denton Abel, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles Denton Abel,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF LOAF SUGAR AND APPARATUS FOR THAT
PURPOSE," a communication to me from abroad by Eugen Langen, of
Cologne, in the German Empire, upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Charles Denton Abel, my executors, or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Denton Abel, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
In preparing loaf sugar it is usual to dissolve the whole mass of sugar
in water, the solution or syrup after refinement and concentration by
heat being filled into moulds wherein it is drained of superfluous
moisture and sets into the solid crystalline loaf condition.
This Invention relates, firstly, to a method of preparing sugar in the
required condition without dissolving the whole mass so as to diminish
the expenditure of time and heating power, and, secondly, to a modifi-
cation of moulds wherein the sugar sets so as to produce the loaf sugar
in a form which can be readily broken into fragments.
Instead of dissolving the whole mass of sugar only a small portion is
dissolved so as to form strong syrup or pan liquor as it runs from the
charcoal filters may be used. This is poured into a vessel containing
the raw or purified crystals of sugar in their ordinary granular condition
and the whole is stirred and heated. When the granular sugar and the

page_text: syrup have been thoroughly mingled under the influence of heat the
mixture is charged into moulds which may be of the ordinary kind but
preferably in the form of segments of a cylindrical annulus such as are
described in the Specification of a Patent granted to E. T. Hughes, No.
2456, of 1872, for a communication from the said E. Langen, moulds of
that form being conveniently applied to a centrifugal machine for the
purpose of expelling the surplus moisture, as described in the said
Specification. The syrup applied, as above set forth, has the effect of
soldering together or uniting the granular crystals of the sugar and the
mixture sets in the solid crystalline or loaf condition.
In order to produce the loaf sugar in form convenient for breaking up,
the moulds are divided by thin plates laid in the direction of their
drainage, so that when the sugar is removed from the moulds it separates
into slabs, each of which, having a thickness corresponding to the
distance apart of the dividing plates, can be readily broken up into
fragments.
Having thus described the nature of this Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I claim,--
First. The method of preparing loaf sugar by adding to the raw or
purified crystals of sugar a small portion of dissolved sugar or pan liquor,
and after stirring and heating the same charging the mixture into
moulds, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein
described.
Second. The use in segment moulds for loaf sugar of thin division
plates laid in the direction of the drainage of the moulds, substantially
as and for the purposes herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Denton Abel, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy- ;
four.