IMPROVEMENTS in Treating and REFINING OILS AND FATE FOR LUBRICATING AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Watson Burton, of Leeds, in the County
of York, for the Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS in Treating and REFINING
OILS AND FATE FOR LUBRICATING AND OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 22nd August 1871, and dated the 5th June 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Watson Burton
-
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 5th June 1871.
I, JOHN WATSON BURTON, of Leeds, in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TREATING AND REFINING OILS AND FATS FOR LUBRICATING AND OTHER PURPOSES,”
to be as follows:_
My Invention consists in treating and refining mineral oils and fats
and like substances requiring like treatment by treating or subjecting
them to the action of essential oils, and, by preference, to the oil of
mirbane, so as to effect improvements in such oils and fats, and to better
adapt them for lubricating and commercial purposes.
When I treat mineral oils or mixtures of mineral with other oils and
fats with oil of mirbane, known commercially as "artificial oil of

page_text: almonds," I call such oil or oils so produced "almond oil," which I use
for lubricating wool and other like fibrous substances, and also for
lubricating machinery and the like purposes. I use the oil of mirbane
and the like essential oils for refining oils and fats to free them from
objectionable matter, and better adapt them for lubricating and other 5
purposes.
By treating let it be understood that I mean submitting mineral oils
or fats, or mixtures of them with other oils or fats, to the action of the
oil of mirbane, that is to say, by either simply mixing oil of mirbane
with them or by passing it through the oils in the form of vapour or 1
other convenient method, so as to bring the mineral oils or fats in
contact with the oil of mirbane.
The quantity of oil of mirbane employed varies according to the
amount of refining or purifying the oils so treated require.
In treating fats with the oil of mirbane I by preference mix them 1
or bring them in contact when the fat is in a molten or fluid state.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Watson Burton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th December 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
WATSON BURTON, of Leeds, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Watson Burton, Her special
licence that I, the said John Watson Burton, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Watson
Burton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING AND REFINING OILS AND FATS FOR

page_text: LUBRICATING AND OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said John Watson Burton, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Watson Burton, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This Invention has for its object the manufacture of a new material
which I call "almond oil," and also an improved method of treating
or refining oils and fats so as to effect improvements in such oils and
fats, and to better adapt them for lubricating and commercial purposes
by the use of the said almond oil.
And the Invention consists in treating petroleum or mineral oil by
subjecting it to the action of the oil of mirbane, known commercially
as artificial or factitious oil of almonds, in order to produce the above-
mentioned almond oil.
The Invention also consists in mixing my almond oil with oils and
fats so as either to refine such oils and fats, or by such mixture of my
said almond oil with them to render such last-mentioned oils and fats
cheaper and more usefully applicable for a variety of purposes.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention I will proceed to
describe the manner of performing the same.
I put the petroleum or mineral oil to be treated into a suitable vessel
or cistern, and subject it to the action of the oil of mirbane by mixing
>the oil of mirbane with the said petroleum or mineral oil, or I pass the
oil of mirbane through the petroleum or mineral oil in the form of
vapour in the ordinary way so as to bring all the petroleum or mineral
oil into contact with the oil of mirbane, thereby causing the petroleum or
mineral oil to undergo a change both in colour, taste, and smell,
5 rendering it more useful as an oil for commercial purposes.

page_text: •
The quantity of oil of mirbane required to manufacture this new
material from the petroleum or mineral oil varies according to the
amount of "blue shade" or mineral property to be removed from the
said oil, and in the manufacture I gradually add the oil of mirbane
either in the fluid or gaseous state, as before described, to the petroleum |
or mineral oil under treatment, until I see the said blue shade removed,
when the process is complete, and the petroleum or mineral oil thus
treated and refined is the new material which I call almond oil.
I have thus described my process as applied to petroleum or mineral
oil after distillation, but my said process may also be applied in like
manner to the crude petroleum or mineral oil before distillation, but I
prefer to treat the petroleum or mineral oil after distillation in the
manner and for the purposes herein-before described.
I treat or refine vegetable, animal, fish, and mineral oils by simply
mixing them with my almond oil, or I use for this purpose a mixture of 1
my almond oil with some other oil, using such mixture as refining oil,
which I mix with the oils and fats intended to be refined in suitable
proportions, either allowing sufficient time for their perfect combination,
or after mixing such refining oil with the oils or fats to be refined I
subject the last-mentioned mixture to agitation, continuing the agitation ?
until the desired paleness or purity is acquired, and by this means brown
or raw oils I convert into pale or refined oils. I use for this purpose
from one per cent. and upwards of my almond oil according to the
extent of colour or impurity contained in the raw oil and the paleness
or purity desired; and in the like manner I treat or refine fats, bringing a
them into.contact with refining oil or oils when they are in a molten or
fluid state.
My almond oil or oils and fats thereby treated or refined as above
described may be usefully employed for lubricating wool and the like
fibrous materials requiring the like treatment, and also for lubricating 3
machinery, and other like useful purposes.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that what
I claim is,-
Firstly. The manufacture of the almond oil in the manner herein- a

page_text: Secondly. The treating or refining of oils and fats by the almond oil
is herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Watson Burton, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this First day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one
Witness,
PETER JENSEN,
JOHN WATSON BURTON. (L.S.)
Patent Agent,
89, Chancery Lane: