AN IMPROVED SYSTEM OF PRINTING AT THE SAME TIME ONE OR MORE COLORS ON BOTH SIDES OF A CLOTH, AND TO PRODUCE SIMULTANEOUSLY SOME RIBES SQUARING WITH THOSE COLORS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Auguste Chiffray, of Maromme, Department of
Seine Inférieure, in the Republic of France, Merchant, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED SYSTEM OF PRINTING AT THE SAME TIME ONE
OR MORE COLORS ON BOTH SIDES OF A CLOTH, AND TO PRODUCE SIMULTANEOUSLY
SOME RIBES SQUARING WITH THOSE COLORS."
Sealed the 16th May 1873, and dated the 26th November 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Auguste Chiffray at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th November 1872.
I, AUGUSTE CHIFFRAY, of Maromme, Department of Seine Inférieure,
in the Republic of France, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SYSTEM OF PRINTING AT THE SAME
TIME ONE OR MORE COLORS ON BOTH SIDES OF A CLOTH, AND TO PRODUCE
SIMULTANEOUSLY SOME RIES SQUARING WITH THOSE COLORS," to-be as follows:-
On the accompanying Sheets of Drawing, Figure 1 (Sheet I.)
represents a front elevation of a machine intended to print a single color
both on the right and on the wrong side of the cloth or woven fabric,
and to produce at the same time a ribbing or cording in relief on the
two faces, corresponding with the impression (the driving wheels of the

page_text: front cylinders being removed). Figure 2 is a side elevation of the
machine, and Figure 3 (Sheet II.) is a general plan of the same
machine, where the rods e of the rollers R are cut.
This machine will be used when it is proposed to print a single color
on the right and a single color on the wrong side of the fabric, and
also to cause ribs to project on both faces. In the front are two
cylinders A, B, in contact with each other, and either plain or engraved
with a design of any kind, either for longitudinal stripes in the fabric or
other arrangement; that B is fixed, that is to say, that the bearings
C which carry its spindles are simply capable of being regulated
by means of the regulating screws D; but that A, the supports of which
are equally capable of being regulated, is set on a separate frame X,
which is joined to that Y of the machine by a hinge P, permitting it to
pivot in order to set the two cylinders apart for the adjustment of the
fabric so that the designs or the stripes may exactly, correspond. Each
cylinder is furnished with its basin, pan, or trough F containing the
color, which is transmitted by a feed roller E and also with a scraper G
kept against it by a rod H, connected with the counterweight I by a
rope passing, if required, upon a suitably placed return roller. The pans,
basins, or troughs are regulated by the screws J, and the scrapers by
those K. The two frames X, Y, are kept closed at the top by the aid of
a latch L which comes down upon the catch O, and the pivoting point
of which is situated upon one of the arms of a fly M turning freely
upon a take-about carrier let into the frame Y; therefore by turning
the fly M backward the latch L is pulled and the frame X compresses a
two-branched or bow spring a fixed to the frame Y in the space left
between these two frames; then the latch L is held firmly hooked in
order that the two cylinders may not come away from each other during
the printing. To strengthen the fastening, a button 6 is screwed into
the frame Y and penetrates into a fork fitted to the bottom of the
hinge P. Finally to uphold the frame X during its evolutions and
prevent its bending under the weight of its load, I reserve the right of
applying to it a crutch, furnished at the bottom with a friction roller
running upon a rounded railway fixed upon the flooring. I also reserve
the right of supporting the rollers A and T by frames entirely separated
but so arranged that they may be advanced or retired at will, parallely to
the fixed cylinders and keep them closed by a latch or catch at each
side.
C

page_text: After the fabric N, suitably supported and guided by the rollers Q, R,
has received the impression in the same color or in two different colors
on its two faces between the two cylinders placed exactly in accord, it is
directed towards two other cylinders S, T, which are to produce the ribs
projecting both on the wrong and right side, and squaring exactly with
the printing. For this purpose the cylinders instead of being plain or
engraved have their surface divided into rings by grooves or recesses,
and in such wise that the projecting rings of the one key or take into
the hollow grooves of the other; but as the pressure alone would not
suffice for the production of ribs capable of resisting moisture and
washing, that is to say, persistent or enduring ribs, such as are. obtained
in the manufacture of fancy cloths, the cylinders are hollow and heated
interiorly to the desired degree by gas in combustion, by live coal, by
steam, by metals heated at the fire, or by any other available means.
These cylinders might also be solid and heated exteriorly by the same
means.
It is evident that if it is desired simply to print a band or border, or
only to produce a ribbed band or stripe in the middle, or at any point in
the breadth of the woven fabric, this may be done by substituting for
the front or back cylinders simple rolls ("molettes") working in the
same manner and actuated by the same mechanism..
The cylinders A, B, like those S, T, mutually drive each other at a
same speed by toothed wheels U, V, and U¹, V₁; a single one to each
pair is set rotating by a pulley d or d³ driven by any available motive
power.
It will be observed that this is a double action machine, that is to say,
that it combines the means necessary for effecting simultaneously the
printing and the ribbing both on the right and the wrong side; but I
reserve the right of constructing it with simple action, that is to say, of
dividing the operation into two parts by two distinct, machines. The
first would simply print at the same time the right and the wrong side
of the fabric; the second would solely produce the ribbing, also on both
sides of the fabric.
If it is proposed to print several colors upon a fabric and upon the
right side only, because of the blanket ("doublier" or "coursier "), and
also to produce ribs only on the right side, and squaring with the colors

page_text: property of remaining viscous prevents the colors from drying, the
fabric consequently preserves a certain humidity during the operations
of the fixing, and further a certain softness after the drying.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Auguste Chiffray in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 21st May 1878.
"
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, AUGUSTE
CHIFFRAY, of Maromme, Department of Seine Inférieure, in the
Republic of France, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Auguste Chiffray, Her special licence,
that I, the said Auguste Chiffray, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Auguste Chiffray, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED SYSTEM
OF PRINTING AT THE SAME TIME ONE OR MORE COLORS ON BOTH SIDES OF A CLOTH,
AND TO PRODUCE SIMULTANEOUSLY SOME RIBS SQUARING WITH THOSE COLORS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Auguste Chiffray, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Auguste Chiffray, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet

page_text: of Drawing, and to the figures and letters of reference marked
thereon:-
Figure 1 representing a front elevation of a machine intended to print
a single color both on the right and on the wrong side of the cloth or
woven fabric, and to produce at the same time a ribbing or cording in
relief on the two faces corresponding with the impression (the driving
wheels of the front cylinders being removed); Figure 2 a side elevation
of the machine; and Figure 3 a general plan of the same machine,
where the rods e of the rollers R are cut.
This machine will be used when it is proposed to print a single color
on the right and a single color on the wrong side of a fabric, and also
to cause ribs to project on both faces. In the front are two cylinders A, B,
in contact with each other, and either plain or engraved with a design of
any kind either for longitudinal stripes in the fabric or other arrange-
ment that B is fixed, that is to say, that the bearings C which carry
its spindles are simply capable of being regulated by means of the regu-
lating screws D; but that A, the supports of which are equally capable
of being regulated, is set on a separate frame X, which is joined to
that Y of the machine by a hinge P, permitting it to pivot in order to
set the two cylinders apart for the adjustment of the fabric so that the
designs or the stripes may exactly correspond. Each cylinder is furnished
with its basin, pan, or trough F containing the color, which is transmitted
by a feed roller E and also with a scraper G kept against it by a rod H
connected with the counterweight I by a rope passing if required upon
a suitably placed return roller. The pans, basins, or troughs are regu-
lated by the screws J and the scrapers by those K. The two frames X, Y,
are kept closed at the top by the aid of a latch L, which comes down upon
the catch O, and the pivoting point of which is situated upon one of the
arms of a fly M turning freely upon a take-about carrier let into the
frame Y; therefore by turning the fly M backward the latch L is pulled
and the frame X compresses a two-branched or bow spring a fixed to the
frame Y in the space left between these two frames. Then the latch L
is held firmly hooked in order that the two cylinders may not come away
from each other during the printing. To strengthen the fastening a
button 6 is screwed into the frame Y and penetrates into a fork fitted to
the bottom of the hinge P. Finally to uphold the frame X during its
evolutions and prevent its bending under the weight of its load I reserve
the right of applying to it a crutch furnished at the bottom with a

page_text: friction roller running upon a rounded railway fixed upon the flooring.
I also reserve the right of supporting the rollers A and T by frames
entirely separated, but so arranged that they may be advanced or retired
at will parallelly to the fixed cylinders, and keep them closed by a latch
or catch at each side.
After the fabric N, suitably supported and guided by the rollers Q, R,
has received the impression in the same color or in two different colors
on its two faces between the two cylinders placed exactly in accord, it is
directed towards two other cylinders S, T, which are to produce the ribs
projecting both on the wrong and right side, and squaring exactly with
the printing. For this purpose these cylinders, instead of being plain
or engraved, have their surface divided into rings by grooves or recesses,
and in such wise that the projecting rings of the one key or take into
the hollow grooves of the other. But as the pressure alone would not
suffice for the production of ribs capable of resisting moisture and
washing, that is to say, persistent or enduring ribs such as are obtained
in the manufacture of fancy cloths, the cylinders are hollow and heated
interiorly to the desired degree by gas in combustion, by live coal, by
steam, by metals heated at the fire, or by any other available means.
These cylinders might also be solid and heated exteriorly by the same
means.
It is evident that if it is desired simply to print a band or border, or
only to produce a ribbed band or stripe in the middle or at any point in
the breadth of the woven fabric, this may be done by substituting for
the front or back cylinders simple rolls ("molettes") working in the
same manner and actuated by the same mechanism.
The cylinders A, B, like those S, T, mutually drive each other at a
same speed by toothed wheels U, V, and U¹, V¹; a single one to each
pair is set rotating by a pulley d or d³ driven by any available motive
power.
It will be observed that this is a double action machine, that is to say,
that it combines the means necessary for effecting simultaneously the
printing and the ribbing both on the right and the wrong side; but I
reserve the right of constructing it with simple action, that is to say, of
3 dividing the operation into two parts by two distinct machines. The
first would simply print at the same time the right and the wrong side
of the fabric; the second would solely produce the ribbing also on both
sides of the fabric.

page_text: If it is proposed to print several colors upon a fabric and upon the
right side only because of the blanket ("doublier" or “coursier”), and
also to produce ribs only on the right side, and squaring with the colors
applied, the printing machine known as the cylinder printing machine
("Rouleau") may be used. For this purpose it will be sufficient to add 5
to the machine a final grooved cylinder, thereby omitting one of the
colors. The two simultaneous operations will be performed as above
described in relation to the special machine for a single color.
As the grooved rollers take no part in the printing, their function
being limited to making the ribbing, either upon cloth previously 1
printed or upon plain cloth dyed or not dyed, it is evident that it is not
necessary to place them in connection with pans or troughs or
scrapers.
The above described system is applicable especially to low priced
cloths, in the manufacture of which are used flocks, or shearings, or 1
burlings, or pickings (" tontisses" and "époutilles") of various shades
containing different materials, such as cotton, silk, wool, flax, and others.
This heterogeneous mixture produces a cloth, the difficulties of dyeing
which are so great that the colors cannot be fixed without several suc-
cessive operations expensive in the working, and the effect of which is 2
often the removal of the flock and consequent deterioration of the
fabric. These inconveniences would be avoided by the following process,
also forming part of my said Invention :-The cloth in piece, after having
received the aforesaid impression termed "placage" or coating, or
veneering, should be rolled up damp; then the piece is submitted
either to steam from water or to boiling water to undergo the fixing,
which causes the dye to penetrate intimately into the stuff.
Pure wool is capable of receiving every kind of coloring; but the
heterogeneous matters which enter into this kind of cloth necessitate
the use of certain chemical agents to aid their oxydation.

page_text: 5° The addition of the glycerine to the colors to facilitate the fixing
of these latter on the cloths, and to preserve in these latter a certain
degree of softness after the drying.
In witness whereof, I, the said Auguste Chiffray, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three
LOUIS ROBIN.
JEAN BAPTISTE GIRARD.
AUGUSTE CHIFFRAY. (L.S.)