A MACHINE FOR THROWING AND ORGANZINING OF SILK, AND FOR THROWING AND TWISTING OF WORSTED, MOHAIR, THREAD, COTTON, HEMP, FLAX, AND GOLD AND SILVER CORDS
Year: 1787

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
SANDYS, of the City of Bristol, in the County of Gloucester, Lace and Fringe
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Nineteenth day of May, in the twenty-seventh year of His
reign, did give unto me, the said Thomas Sandys, His especial licence,
that I, the said Thomas Sandys, during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of
the Kingdom of Great Britain called England, the Dominion of Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A MACHINE FOR THROWING
AND ORGANZINING OF SILK, AND FOR THROWING AND TWISTING OF WORSTED, MOHAIR,
THREAD, COTTON, HEMP, FLAX, AND GOLD AND SILVER CORDS;" in which said
Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Thomas
Sandys, under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the
nature of my said Invention, and how the same is to be performed, to be
inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one calendar month
next after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same
(relation being thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in pursuance of the said proviso, I, the said Thomas
Sandys, do hereby declare that my said Invention of "A Machine for Throw-
ing and Organzining of Silk, and for Throwing and Twisting of Worsted,
Mohair, Thread, Cotton, Hemp, Flax, and Gold and Silver Cords," is described
in the manner following, that is to say:-
The bed of the machine and the whole apparatus may be composed of
wood, brass, iron, bone, horn, ivory, and glass; the shape, either round, oval,

page_text: square, or otherwise. The bed, as here described, is oval, supported by
pillars at convenient distances. Between the pillars work the centre large
spindle, the point of which works in a socket of glass or any metal fixt in the
bottom of the bed. There is a worral to the large centre spindle as usual
between the top and bottom of the bed, and collars of brass or other metal in
which the spindle works are fixt in the upper part of the bed. Above the
bed are two round pieces of wood supported by two, three, or four pillars.
Between these two round pieces of wood are two, three, or four small
spindles; they work upright, and are fixt in like manner with a worral and
collars of brass, as the large centre spindle is in the bed of the machine.
About half an inch above the two round pieces of wood is a mould covered
with worsted, or anything of a rough nature, upon which the bobbin of silk or
other materials rests. Upon the top of each of these small spindles is a flyer
made the same as the flyer to a cotton machine. From the bobbin the thread
passes to the hooks of the flyer, and to the nut of the fly, which is upon the
centre of each small spindle. The small spindles are fixt round the large
spindle which passes through the centre of the before-mentioned two round
pieces of wood, and so encircle the large one. Above the two round pieces of
wood is a guide through which the centre spindle runs which receives the
thread in a straight line from each small spindle. Above this are small hooks
to receive the threads, if required, to keep them tight. Upon the top of the
centre spindle is a small nut which receives the threads through small holes
into one. From thence all the threads from each separate large spindle are
.brought in a straight direction to a guide of the same dimensions with the
bed fixt over the tops of the large spindles between them and the reel at such
convenient distance as may be necessary, and which is in common to all
mills or machines for throwing silk or other materials, and through which the
threads are conveyed to the reel, and finished. Between the large centre spindles,
or such only as may require, may be fixt a wheel to guide the second band
herein-after mentioned. At the head of the machine is a drum wheel, the
spindle or stem of which communicates to the reel, and causes that to move
in the usual manner. From this drum pass a band, as usual, all round the
centre spindles, and which band turns a drum wheel at the bottom of the
machine. From this drum wheel, at the bottom of the machine, comes a
second band, which encircles the small spindles. As the large centre spindles
move round with great velocity, they bring the small spindles to touch this second
band, which causes single threads to twist contrary to all the second, third,
and fourth threads when brought to the top of the centre spindle. N.B.-The
bobbins of single thread may be placed upon a single round of wood in

page_text: different manners than here described, but which all answer the same purpose.
The thread should be kept upon the most equal tightness. The velocity of
the small spindle may be made greater, if required, by moving, by means of
small screws moving them further distant from the centre of the large spindle.
The whole machine is set to work either by horse, water, hand, or a fire
engine.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, the Second
day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred and
eighty-seven.