Improvements in Apparatus for Removing Vitiated Air, Vapour, or Gaseous Matter from and Admitting Fresh Air to Buildings and other Structures.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Jan., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 17th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 6th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. .
Improvements in Apparatus for Removing Vitiated Air, Vapour, or
Gaseous Matter from and Admitting Fresh Air to Buildings and
other Structures.
WILLIAM POTTS, No. 30 Castle Street, Edinburgh, Pneumatical Engineer &c.
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The improvements referred to in the above title, are constructions to enable builders
or others to adequately remove by properly fixing these, vitiated air vaporous or gaseous
matter from enclosed spaces, as these are suited to all ordinary structures, are without
mechanical action and produce the result described by the influence of natural laws.
The construction for admitting the outer air under control, and avoiding annoying
draught is simple, and presumably without any objectable feature.
These improvements relate as regards ventilation to a vertical outlet, to a wall
outlet, and a wall inlet. The vertical outlet Fig. 2 cannot by reason of atmospheric
pressure be an inlet, while that pressure with the currents more or less always
disturbing the atmosphere will cause an outflow. This outlet's construction of the
ordinary dimension in the pipe, admits of its being used on the ordinary chimney
stack on each flue while preventing the formation of soot in the flue to an important
extent by excluding down draught.
The wall outlet Fig. 1 is designed to produce an entire emptying a room or enclosed
space of vitiated air, from its being framed to be fixed that the outflow of air will be
at a higher level than the ceiling, and thus from the natural tendency of warmed air
to ascend induce its outflow to the channel B which being drawn upon by the inflow
at channel C is by that forced to the lower outlet channel D. The channel C being
higher and larger than channel D, will overpower by atmospheric pressure and drive
back any air blown in front of channel D, and cause outflow. This wall outlet N if
fixed as shown in Fig 1 A. below the level of the pan J in a water closet, with a
pipe connected from it to the soil pipe O will cause interception of sewer gas and
by discharging that in the external air, be of much use. The air inlet Fig. 3 gives
complete control of the entering current of air, both as to quantity, and rate of flow,.
and has no projection beyond the surface of a room's inner, or outer wall. There'
are four surfaces of perforated metal T. Q. R. S of any desired minuteness, the three
interior ones Q. R. S. are hinged to the bottom plate, these can any, or all of them be
unchained, and bent flat down, leaving only the external perforation to check the
inflow of air. The hinged door H if chained up excludes external air entirely, or can
be chained open as far as desired, thus annoying draught from air inflow can be
prevented.
Another use of the pneumatic wall outlet exists in its special utility in rooms,
where heat is derived from the use of gas stoves, it carries off the injurious products
from gas combustion. Fig. 4 shows a gas stove having a bonnet cover, to discharge
the carbonic anhydride arising from gas combustion to the wall outlet described, the
pneumatic action of this construction draws up and discharges outside the building,
the baneful gas alluded to.
In Diagram Fig. 4 K represents. a gas stove enclosed in wire lattice, L is the
bonnet cover, the tubular passage for vapour by dotted lines, V the pneumatic outlet.
Referring again to the drawing Fig. 2 I proceed to explain that the pipe E fits into
the top of a chimney flue, or into the roof a building if used to ventilate, the
openings G in the conical top of the said pipe E are to allow the vapour to pass, or
escape into the outer discharging channel I, the arrows showing the direction the
.

page_text: currents of vapour take, the internal channel E is closed to air at top at H the escape
of vapour or air to the discharging channel I being at the openings G.
January 2nd 1890
WILLIAM POTTS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Removing Vitiated Air, Vapour, or
-Gaseous Matter from and Admitting Fresh Air to Buildings and
other Structures.
I, WILLIAM POTTS, Pneumatical Engineer now residing at No. 2 Alva Street
Edinburgh, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The inventions in this Patent are illustrated in the drawings and can from these
elucidatory documents be made and applied by the persons whose callings these
refer to.
These improvements relate to a wall outlet, to a vertical outlet, and to a wall inlet,
which are shown in drawings for the Provisional Specification. The wall outlet Fig. 1
is designed to effect the entire emptying a room, or enclosed space, of vitiated air, from
its being framed to be fixed so that the outflow of air will be at a higher level than the
ceiling, and thus from the natural tendency of warmed air to ascend, induce its
outflow to the channel B, which being drawn upon by the channel C, is by that
current forced to the lower channel D. The channel will from being higher
and larger than channel D from atmospheric pressure overpower and drive back
any air blown in front of channel D, and cause an outflow. This wall outlet
if fixed as shown in Fig. 1 A below the level of the pan in a water-closet, with a pipe
connected from it to the soil pipe, will cause an interception of sewer gas, and by
discharging that into the external air supply a sanitary desideratum.
Relative to Fig. 1A, it must be stated that the outlet in the outer wall connected
to the sewer pipe is drawn very greatly smaller than the actual size which is as shown
in Fig. 1-it was so lessened to be within the paper.
Another use of the pneumatic outlet Fig. 1 is its special utility in rooms where
gas fires or gas stoves, are used, it will carry to the exterior air the products from
gas combustion. In Fig. 4 is shown a gas fire construction the burner enclosed by
wire lattice. L is a bonnett cover the tubular passage for the poisonous vapour by
dotted lines into the pneumatic outlet.
The outlets Figs. 1 and 2 can be used as described to remove out of chemical works
vapourous matter.
The vertical outlet Fig. cannot by reason of atmospheric pressure be an inlet,
while that pressure with the lateral currents, more or less always disturbing the
atmosphere, will cause an outflow. This outlet's construction of the ordinary
dimension in the ascending pipe admits of its being used on the ordinary chimney
stack on each flue, while preventing the formation of soot in the flue to an important
extent by excluding down draught. The pipe E fits into the top of a chimney flue,
or used on the highest part of the roof of a building, if used to ventilate. The
openings G in the conical top of the said pipe E are to allow the vapour to pass into
the outer discharging channel I, the arrows show the direction the currents take.
The air inlet Fig. 3 gives complete control of the entering current of air, both as to
quantity and rate of flow, and has no projection beyond the surface of a room's inner
or outer wall. There are four surfaces of perforated metal T. Q. R. S of any desired
minuteness the three interior ones Q. R. S. are hinged to the bottom plate, these can,
any, or all of these, be unchained, and bent flat down, leaving only the exterior
perforation to check the inflow of air. The hinged door H if chained up excludes
air entirely, or can be chained open as far as desired, thus annoying draught from
inflowing air, prevented.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is performed I state my claims under this Patent.
1. I claim the constructions in the drawings Fig. 1 and 2 and 3 for the uses stated
in Specification.
2. I claim also the application of constructions Fig. 1 & 2 for the purpose of
removing vapourous matter from chemical or other works, as for air in bouses &c.
3. I claim the application of outlet Fig. 1 for the removal of sewer gas at water-
closets as stated in Specification.
4. I claim the application of outlet Fig. 1 to gas fires, and stoves, for removing
with other means described, the products from combustion.
Dated this 15th day of September 1890.
WILLIAM POTTS.