IMPROVEMENTS IN DRIVING BELTS to be as follows
Year: 1884

page_text: I, GEORG SCHNEIDER (W. Sohn firm) of N° 10 Pantaleonsinühlengasse Cologne
(Germany) manufacturer of technical instruments do hereby declare the nature of
my said invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN DRIVING BELTS to be as follows :—
""
It is well known that driving belts, when in use, have to resist strain in one
direction only, i.e. lengthwise, whereas crosswise, the utmost flexibility is required.
It follows, from the above, that it is necessary in the manufacture of textile fabrics
for use as belting to closely observe the requirements of proper belting. Previous
attempts made in this direction have been unsuccessful, although in some cases with
a view of increasing the strength of the belts lengthwise, wires have been
interwoven in the warp of the fabric, but this likewise failed, because the different
elasticity of the wires and of the threads caused, for that particular purpose, an
objectionable and unequal expansion of the whole fabric lengthwise; besides, the
threads wore out in rubbing against the wires, thus reducing the flexibility of the
belt. Belting has hitherto, also been made of simple sail cloth, which is also used
for other purposes, such as for tents, cart hoods, etc. The peculiarity of such fabric
is that it is of equal strength both in the direction of the warp and of the weft; it
thus fulfils the last mentioned purposes perfectly, but it is not quite so suitable for
the manufacture of belting, the nature and special requirements of which are not
taken into consideration at all. Ordinary sail cloth expands (beyond the desired
extent) according to the undulating line produced by the warp threads, when
submitted to a heavy strain. The weft being of the same size as the warp has a
strength and hardness which exceed the requirements, whereby the flexibility of
the belt is impaired.
My invention has for its object to produce cloth more especially intended for
belting, which will combine great strength with the lowest but still uniform
expansion and which will offer the greatest extent of flexibility. To this end,
I employ wet spun twined warp thread of hemp, tightly beamed, and untwined
weft of very soft hackled hemp (Hanfwerg) loosely spun, and of a much smaller
size, and I weave the same into a three leaved twill.
Owing to this kind of twill weaving, the large undulations of the warp thread,
are avoided, and owing also to the tightness of the beaming, the faculty of

page_text: expansion is reduced to a minimum, while by wetspinning and twining the warp
thread, the strength is considerably increased. Therefore while thereby fulfilling
the requirements of a belt lengthwise the soft weft, which has no other purpose
than that of holding the warp threads together and filling up the fabric, contributes,
in the highest degree, to render the belting flexible, thus adding another
indispensable quality to good belting.
The manufacture of belting from the above described cloth is effected in the
usual way.

page_text: I, GEORG SCHNEIDER (W. Sohn firm) manufacturer of technical instruments
of 10 Pantaleonsmühlengasse, Cologne, Germany do hereby declare the nature of
my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN DRIVING BELTS, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
It is well known that driving belts, when in use, have to strain in one direction
only, i,e. lengthwise, whereas crosswise, the utmost flexibility is required. It
follows from the above, that it is necessary in the manufacture of textile fabrics for
use as belting to closely observe the requirements of proper belting. Previous
attempts made in this direction have been unsuccessful although in some cases with
a view of increasing the strength of the belts lengthwise, wires have been
interwoven in the warp of the fabric, but this likewise failed, because the different
elasticity of the wires and of the threads caused, for that particular purpose, an
objectionable and unequal expansion of the whole fabric lengthwise; besides, the
threads wore out in rubbing against the wires, thus reducing the flexibility of the
belt. Belting has hitherto also been made of simple sail cloth, which is also used
for other purposes, such as for tents, cart hoods, etc. The peculiarity of such fabric
is that it is of equal strength both in the direction of the warp and of the weft; it
thus fulfils the last mentioned purposes perfectly, but it is not quite so suitable for
the manufacture of belting, the nature and special requirements of which are not
taken into consideration at all. Ordinary sail cloth expands, (beyond the desired
extent) according to the undulating line (fig. 2) produced by the warp threads,
when submitted to a heavy strain. The weft being of the same size as the
warp has a strength and hardness which exceed the requirements whereby the
flexibility of the belt is impaired.
My invention has for its object to produce cloth more especially intended for
belting, which will combine great strength with the lowest but still uniform
expansion and which will offer the greatest extent of flexibility. To this end
I employ wet spun twined warp thread of hemp, tightly beamed and untwined
weft of very soft hackled hemp (Hanfwerg) loosely spun, and of a much sinaller
size, and I weave the same into a threeleaved twill, (fig. 3).
Owing to this kind of twill weaving, the large undulations of the warp thread,
as in fig. 2 are avoided, on the contrary, such undulations are much more distant
apart see fig. 4 and owing also to the tightness of the beaming, the faculty of
expansion is reduced to a minimum while by wetspinning and twining the warp
thread, the strength is considerably increased. Therefore while thereby fulfilling
the requirements of a belt lengthwise the soft weft, which has no other purpose
than that of holding the warp threads together and filling up the fabric, contributes
in the highest degree, to render the belting flexible thus adding another
indispensable quality to good belting.
To the best of my knowledge, cloth made as above described has not been
manufactured hitherto; it is specially applicable for making belting and it is
therefore to be considered as a new article of manufacture,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
A belt made of several pieces of cloth superposed and "secured by longitudinal
seams, the said cloth being made of wet spun twined warp thread made of hemp,
which is interwoven, under the tightest beaming, with considerably finer, loose and
untwined weft thread, whereby besides great strength of extension and great
flexibility, a minimum elasticity of the belts is obtained.