IMPROVEMENTS IN THE BLEACHING OF OILS & FATS, AND IN MACHINERY & APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Burstall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th June 1853.
I, GEORGE BURSTALL, of Fenchurch Street, in the City of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE BLEACHING OF OILS & FATS, AND IN MACHINERY
& APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, 1st, in a peculiar mode of exposing large
surfaces of the oleaginous and fatty matter to be bleached to the action
of air; and, 2ud, in an arrangement of machinery and apparatus for
heating, filtering, and carrying a shower of the oils or fats from any
required elevation, so as to offer extended surfaces to the action of the
bleaching power of the air.
And for the better understanding of my said Invention I will now
proceed to describe my process, reference being bad to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and the letters of reference thereon.

page_text: I take palm oil or any fatty matter, &, having melted it, press it
through a strainer or filter, but liquid oil may be used cold or lot.
The fats or oils in this liquid state are transferred to an apparatus, and
operated upon with any proper machinery hereafter described.
Fig. 1, is a vertical section of my improved apparatus. A, B, C, D, is
a cistern or chamber of any convenient size kept hot by steam, and
having at top A, B, a perforated cover enclosed in a bevilled frame E, F,
and beneath it A', A', two perforated plates at a', ', 2 sheets of wire
gauze, & above the whole is erected a steam ball or boiler G, with a
steam pipe & steam cock at H, an air cock at I, and an escape cock
at J; a pipe D, B, K, enters at the top of the boiler G; here a stop
cock at K, descends to within an inch or less of the bottom C, D, of its
cistern. The operations of this apparatus is, that any liquid oil or fat,
as C, being placed in the cistern, steam is to be admitted from H,
into G, keeping the taps J, & K, closed, & I, open; when the
air is expelled from G, the taps II, & I, are to be closed, & cold
water injected into or allowed to stream over the outside of G; the
steam being thus condensed, a vacuum is formed in the boiler G;
the tap K, is then opened, & the oil from C, will flow into the pipe D),
and fill the boiler G, when the tap 1, must be closed, and the taps
I, & J, opened, which will cause the oil to descend from G, through .J,
and fall from a rose on to the cullender A, B, thereby dividing the oil
into a shower of drops or small streams, which, falling through the
air or chemical atmosphere A, a, B, b, within the chamber or cistern
A, B, C, D, is thereby, after repeated operations, decolered or
bleached.
Although I have thus described only one mode of proceeding, I
would here observe that my method may be considerably modified
according to the size and extent of works and operations; amontejus
pump or steam power may be employed to raise the oil and vacuum
by steam dispensed with, and two or more cullenders, with or without
wire gauze, may be used to detain and more completely divide the
liquid oils or fats; I therefore do not restrict myself to any particular
machinery, or to the dimensions of any of the parts or materials thereof,

page_text: so long as the principle of my improvements is maintained; and I do
declare that what I claim as my Invention is, viz., the peculiar mode
of dividing oils & fats into small streams falling from any elevation
through wire gauze.

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Burstall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th June 1853.
I, GEORGE BURSTALL, of Fenchurch Street, in the City of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE BLEACHING OF OILS & FATS, AND IN MACHINERY
& APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, 1st, in a peculiar mode of exposing large
surfaces of the oleaginous and fatty matter to be bleached to the action
of air; and, 2nd, in an arrangement of machinery and apparatus for
heating, filtering, and carrying a shower of the oils or fats from any
required elevation, so as to offer extended surfaces to the action of the
bleaching power of the air.
And for the better understanding of my said Invention I will now
proceed to describe my process, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and the letters of reference thereon.

page_text: I take palm oil or any fatty matter, &, having melted it, press it
through a strainer or filter, but liquid oil may be used cold or hot.
The fats or oils in this liquid state are transferred to an apparatus, and
operated upon with any proper machinery hereafter described.
Fig. 1, is a vertical section of my improved apparatus. A, B, C, D, is
a cistern or chamber of any convenient size kept hot by steam, and
having at top A, B, a perforated cover enclosed in a bevilled frame E, F,
and beneath it A', A', two perforated plates at a, b, 2 sheets of wire
gauze, & above the whole is erected a steam ball or boiler G, with a
steam pipe & steam cock at H, an air cock at I, and an escape cock
at J; a pipe D, B, K, cnters at the top of the boiler G; here a stop
cock at K, descends to within an inch or less of the bottom C, D, of its
cistern. The operations of this apparatus is, that any liquid oil or fat,
as C, being placed in the cistern, steam is to be admitted from EI,
into G, keeping the taps J, & K, closed, & I, open; when the
air is expelled from G, the taps H, & I, are to be closed, & cold
water injected into or allowed to stream over the outside of G; the
steam being thus condensed, a vacuum is formed in the boiler G;
the tap K, is then opened, & the oil from C, will flow into the pipe 1),
and fill the boiler G, when the tap 1, must be closed, and the taps
I, & J, opened, which will cause the oil to descend from G, through J,
and fall from a rose on to the cullender A, B, thereby dividing the oil
into a shower of drops or small streams, which, falling through the
air or chemical atmosphere A, a, B, b, within the chamber or cistern
A, B, C, D, is thereby, after repeated operations, decolered or
bleached.
Although I have thus described only one mode of proceeding, I
would here observe that my method may be considerably modified
according to the size and extent of works and operations; amontejus
pump or steam power may be employed to raise the oil and vacuum
by steam dispensed with, and two or more cullenders, with or without
wire gauze, may be used to detain and more completely divide the
liquid oils or fats; I therefore do not restrict myself to any particular
machinery, or to the dimensions of any of the parts or materials thereof,

page_text: so long as the principle of my improvements is maintained; and I do
declare that what I claim as my Invention is, viz., the peculiar mode
of dividing oils & fats into small streams falling from any elevation
through wire gauze.