IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING CANDLES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Brash, of Salamander Street, Leith, in the
County of Mid Lothian, North Britain, Soap and Candle Manufacturer,
and Robert Irvine, of the Magdalene Chemical Works, near Musselburgh,
in the County of Mid Lothian, North Britain, Chemical Manufacturer,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Brash and Robert
Irvine at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 10th May 1865.
I, PETER BRASH, of Salamander Street, Leith, in the County of Mid Lothian,
North Britain, Soap and Candle Manufacturer, and ROBERT IRVINE, of the
Magdalene Chemical Works, near Musselburgh, in the County of Mid Lothian,
North Britain, Chemical Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING CANDLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the ornamenting of candles, and consists in the
application for that purpose of a well known method of producing designs on
glass and porcelain vessels, whereby we are enabled to transfer coloured
designs, such as crests, bouquets of flowers, paintings, and other designs, to
the surface of the candle.
In carrying out our Invention in practice the designs intended to be placed
or transferred upon the candle are printed, preferably in varnish colours, upon
prepared or enamel paper (we prefer such paper coated with gypsum and
size), and the coloured impressions produced are transferred to the candles by

page_text: taking the paper having the lithographic or printed design upon it and firmly
holding it upon or against the candle and pressing or rubbing it by means of
a burnisher. The candle and design attached are now dipped in water till
the paper has absorbed sufficient water for its easy removal, leaving the design
fixed upon the portion of the candle to which it was applied. We prefer to 5
apply a quick drying varnish to the surface of the candle so as to insure the
speedy fixture of the design thereon.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Peter Brash and Robert Irvine in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 10th November 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, PETER
BRASH, of Salamander Street, Leith, in the County of Mid Lothian, North
Britain, Soap and Candle Manufacturer, and ROBERT IRVINE, of the Mag-
dalene Chemical Works, near Musselburgh, in the County of Mid Lothian,
North Britain, Chemical Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors; give and grant unto us,
the said Peter Brash and Robert Irvine, Her special license that we, the
said Peter Brash and Robert Irvine, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Peter Brash and Robert Irvine, our
executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention för "IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING CANDLES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Peter Brash and
Robert Irvine, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should.
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Peter Brash and Robert Irvine,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say:-
Our said Invention relates to the ornamenting of candles, and consists in
the application for that purpose of a well known method of producing designs
on glass and porcelain vessels, whereby we are enabled to transfer colored
designs, such as armorial bearings, bouquets of flowers, paintings, and other
designs to the surface of the candle.
In carrying out our Invention in practice the designs intended to be placed
or transferred upon the candle are printed, preferably in varnish colours, upon
prepared or enamel paper (we prefer such paper coated with gypsum and
size), and the colored impressions produced are transferred to the candles by
taking the paper having the lithographic or printed design upon it and firmly
holding it upon or against the candle and pressing or rubbing it by means of
a burnisher. The candle and design attached are now dipped in water till
the paper has absorbed sufficient water for its easy removal, leaving the design
fixed upon the portion of the candle to which it was applied. We prefer to
apply a quick drying varnish to the surface of the candle so as to insure the
speedy fixture of the design thereon.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, we would observe in conclusion, that what we consider to be
novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the mode or method of
ornamenting candles by the transfer of designs thereto, substantially in the
manner herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Irvine, on behalf of myself and
the said Peter Brash, have hereunto set my hand and seal, the Eighth
day of November, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
ROBERT IRVINE. (L.S.)