Year: 1886

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of 67, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, a communication to me
from abroad by The Foos Manufacturing Company, of Springfield, Clark County,
Ohio, in the United States of America, and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in combined
Grinding and Crushing Mills, being of an interchangeable character; and it has
for its objects—
First: To provide and arrange the machine for grinding the various kinds of
cereals.
Second To provide and arrange the machine for crushing and grinding corn
cobs, whether with or without, the grain upon them.
In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and on which
like reference letters indicate corresponding features,
Fig. 1. Represents a vertical sectional view of the casing, generally, of the
machine, showing a portion of the mechanism in section and a portion in side
elevation.
Fig. 2. A detached face view of one of the segmental grinding plates.
Fig. 3. A plan view of the machine with the upper portion of the casing and the
feeding mechanism and hopper, removed.
Fig. 4. A detached perspective view of the combined feed-operating pulley and
sleeve.
Fig. 5. A like view of the crusher.
Fig. 6. A detached view of the outer face of one of the crushing lugs.
Fig. 7. A transverse sectional view of the upper portion of the casing proper,

page_text: .
Fig. 8. An enlarged detached partial edge and sectional view of the stationery
grinding head, showing that part of the main frame which is in immediate juxta-
position.
Fig. 9. A partial side elevation of the hopper, the feed box, and the upper
portion of the casing, showing the means of connecting the same together.
Fig. 10. A side elevation of the bracket for supporting one side of the stationery
grinding head, showing also the adjacent portion of the main frame, and the
adjusting screws.
Fig. 11. A vertical sectional view of a portion of the machine, showing the
crusher in side elevation, and illustrating the arrangement for carrying out
the 2d object of my invention.
Fig. 12. A detached plan view of the feeding mechanism.
Fig. 13. A transverse section of the same, on the line x¹, x1, looking in the
direction of the arrow.
Fig. 14. A like section on the line y, y, looking in the opposite direction.
The letter A, designates the sides to which the standards B, are firmly secured,
and the letter C, the general frame of the machine, which is bolted or otherwise
secured to the said standards, and which consists of cast iron and terminates in a
shaft support D, at one end, and in a semicircular shell or casing E, at. the other
end. The lower portion of the casing E, is provided with a discharge opening and
a detachable door F, having a lug on its upper inner end which engages the casing,
and a similar lug at the lower inner end which also engages the casings. The
door is further provided with a lip and set screw G, by means of which its position
with respect to the casing is maintained, the screw tending to bind the door closer
to the casing as it is screwed more tightly.
The intermediate portion of the frame C, is hollowed out to form a chamber H,
having one or more longitudinal recesses or grooves I, which serve the function of
arresting the escape of corn-cobs, and of holding them against the action of the
crusher when the machine is performing the function indicated in the 2d object of
the invention. The letter J, designates the main shaft or arbor of the machine,
which extends from end to end, and is supported in suitable boxes at K and L, and
which carries a balance wheel M, and is longitudinally adjustable by means of an
adjusting device now about to be described. This device consists of a yoke N,
pivotally mounted at one end to the end of the machine, and secured at the other
by a wooden or other fragile pin O, whereby it will yield in case any hard
substance, as a stone, is accidentally thrown into the machine. This yoke has a
screw threaded opening in which works an adjusting shaft correspondingly
.threaded and provided with set-wheel P, the periphery whereof is provided with
notches graduated with respect to the number of threads to the inch on the shaft,
whereby a rotation of one or more notches will adjust the space between the
grinding surfaces, to a predetermined distance or quantity. To the lower part of
the yoke is pivotally mounted a weighted locking door Q, guided by lugs R, at its
inner end and engaging the notched wheel at the other. A metallic block S, and
an anti-friction washer T, are interposed between the main shaft J, and the
adjusting shaft, the washer being composed of some smooth and lasting substance.
Secured to the main shaft, in the present instance by a pin U, is a grinding head V,
of disk form, the said pin engaging its hub. On the face, the head is provided with
a conical boss W, having a curve exterior and provided with an offset on its face,
so as to present two distinct vertical planes when in the position shown in fig. 3.
The letter X, designates a sleeve or cylindrical crusher, mounted upon the shaft J,
and constructed at both ends with off sets adapted to register, respectively, with
the face of the boss W.
The exterior of the crusher is provided with a series of lugs, whose sides are
fashioned each into two surfaces. The angle of the said surfaces to each other, on
'one side, is slight, while the angle of the surfaces, to each other on the other side, is

page_text: increased, the result of which is to feed the grain from the chamber H, into the
space between the grinding surfaces more or less rapidly, according to the position
in which the crusher is placed, for when the greater angle of the lugs is placed
toward the boss W, the grain is fed more rapidly from the chamber, and into the
said space than when the lesser angle is placed toward said boss. Also mounted
upon the shaft J, is the sleeve Z, having a bearing at A¹ in the main frame, thereby.
serving to support the shaft J, at this point. The sleeve has its end adjacent to
the crusher, provided with an off set adapted to register with that in the ends of
the crusher, whereby rotary motion imparted to the crusher, by the revolving
grinding head will rotate the sleeve. The sleeve is constructed with an enlargement,
which forms a pulley B¹, and by reason of its increased diameter, the oil from the
adjacent journal, is prevented from reaching the belt. To the sleeve is also secured
the driving pulley C. By the above arrangement of off sets, I am enabled to turn
the crusher end for end, and yet rotate it in either direction. This also avoids the
necessity of resorting to set screws or anything of that nature, which is liable to
become disconnected and get caught in the working parts of the machine, thereby
causing serious injury and sometimes exposing the operator to danger. The letter D³,
designates the stationery grinding head, which, like the rotating grinding head, is.
of disk form. It is provided at diametrical points, with bosses E¹, integrally
formed therewith and in these bosses, are fitted, somewhat losely, trunion-pins F¹,
which also extend, the one into an enlargement G formed integrally with the frame,
and the other into an adjustable bracket H', secured to the main frame by a bolt I¹
or other equivalent device, in such wise as to admit of adjustment to and from the
rotating grinding head. An adjusting screw J¹ passing through a lug K¹ extending
from the frame, serves to adjust the bracket H¹. The holes in the enlargement G¹,
and the bracket H¹, are at a slight angle to the adjacent hole in the stationery
head D¹ in which a trunion-pin F¹ fit, as illustrated in fig. 8. The object of this
construction is to secure the position of the head D¹, by means of the set screws L',
wherever set. From instance when from any cause the rotating head loses a true
vertical position and it is desired to set the stationery head to agree therewith it
is simply necessary to operate the adjusting wheel, force the rotating head against
the stationery head and thus cause the latter to change its position until the two
heads agree. The wheel is then turned back until the propèr space is had between
the heads for grinding purposes. The friction between the trunion pins and the
holes in the bosses on the stationery head and in the brackets prevents the head
from losing its adjusted position. The object of adjusting the bracket H¹ as above
indicated is to adjust the stationery head with respect to the rotating head in
case the position of the main shaft should vary from a right angle to the stationery
head on account of shifting laterally in a slight degree.
This adjustment of the stationery head is also important in setting up the
machine as it saves the expense of the finer workmanship which would otherwise
be required to secure the proper relative position of the heads. The said head D¹
is provided with a central opening and is thickened about the opening, and has
several ribs M¹ projecting inwardly into the opening, which act in conjunction
with the similar ribs N¹ projecting from the boss W. These ribs approach each
other in the direction of the grinding plates and their function is to draw and
somewhat reduce to a finer state, the material under operation, from the chamber H¹.
The letter O designates the grinding plates, the same being preferably constructed
of cast iron, and of segmental form, and being provided on their inner faces and
near the periphery with a series of V-shaped ribs or teeth P₁, as also with a series
of grinding studs or protuberances Q', preferably of the form shown, that is, with
curved and straight sides and recesses R¹, the latter affording additional grinding
edges. The lugs S₁ serve as a continuation of the ribs M and N¹ and thus assist
in drawing the material between the grinding plates. These plates are bolted to
the grinding heads in any convenient manner.
The letter T indicates the upper
position of the casing a part of which envelopes the grinding mechanism and the

page_text: The
other part T constitutes a box which fits over and conducts the grain and cobs as
the case may be, to the chamber H. The letter U designates the feeder-box,
which fits upon the portion T of the casing and is provided with ribs V' and a
partition W, which serve to support a slide or cut off X. This slide has a
depending wing Y₁ which serves to clear the feed-wheel of any undue accumulation, 5
and is beveled off on one side, against which bevel a bracket Z is adapted to be
impinged by a screw and thumb nut Z¹¹ for the purpose of holding the slide in any
fixed position. The opposite edge is rebated and travels beneath a lip a.
lower side of the feeder-box has notched lugs which engage the upper edge
of T of the casing and maintain the box in position. The letter c indicates a
bearing projecting from the box, and and d, a bearing formed on the partition W.
In these bearings the shaft of the feeding-roller e is mounted and through the
clutch f, and the band wheel g, whose hub has a corresponding clutch surface,
rotary motion is imparted to the said roller, a band h, being employed to connect
the wheel g with the pulley B'. The feeding roller is provided on its periphery
with an alternating series of longer or shorter grooves slightly deeper at one end i
than at the other, the rib or edge left between the grooves serving to effect a forced
feed of the grain.
The box is also provided with inclined inner walls j which guide the grain to the
roller and which reduce the space between the roller and the walls proper of the
box. These inclined walls taper from the roller in the direction in which the slide
is opened thus increasing the width of the space as well as the length thereof for
the passage of the material as the slide is drawn out. The letter / designates the
hopper, which fits upon the box U₁ and supplies the material to be acted upon.
This hopper is provided with a hinged flap which serves the purpose of
preventing the particles of broken corn cobs (and the grain when the cobs are
ground with the grain on them) from being thrown up by the crusher at the side
opposite to the one at which they are fed into the chamber H, the flap being
dropped down partly over the crusher and prevented from flying up by the lug m
projecting from the casing T as seen in fig. 11. When the machine is being used
The organization as
to grind grain the flap is thrown up and not used.
illustrated in fig. 1, is designed to grind cerials only, but where the machine is to
be used to crush corn cobs, whether shelled or unshelled, the organization is some-
what changed by omitting the feed box and its feeding roller and slide and fitting
the hopper directly upon the portion T of the upper portion of the casing, as
shown in fig. 11. Sometimes it is desirable to discharge the ground material from
the side instead of from the bottom casing, to do which the portion T¹ is provided
with an opening to which is secured a spout n, by means of a bolt o, and a lug p.
When the discharge is being made from the bottom the spout is removed and a
plate q placed over the opening and secured in the manner just described. The
portion T of the casing has several recesses r in the upper edge, and the feeding
box has lugs 8, which keep them in proper relative position. The hopper also has
lugs u which engage the notches of the box or the notches of the portion T" as the
case may be, for the same purpose. Should it become necessary, however, to bind
the several structures together, as seen in fig. 9, then I engage a bolt v with a
lug w, on the hopper and pass a bolt a through an eye in said bolt v, and through
When the feeding mechanism is
an opening in the main frame and apply a nut.
omitted, I secure the bolt v, directly to the main frame by a bolt similar to the
bolt but very much shorter. It is to be observed that this machine may be sent
into the market organized as illustrated in fig. 1, as a cerial grinding mill; or i
may be sent into the market with the feeding mechanism omitted, and the hoppe
mounted as represented in fig. 11, as a cob crushing and grinding mill; or on th
other hand the entire machine as represented in the several. figs. may be sent and
the grinding mechanism proper interchangeably used with the parts necessary t
effect the two objects and uses of the machine. By reason of the construction
of the crusher and the sleeve and boss with which it engages, the machine may
b

page_text: successfully operated in either direction; and by reason of the V-shaped configu-
ration of the grinding teeth, the rotating grinding head may be run in either
direction, and thus keep the teeth sharp and increase the period of their influence.
The crushing lugs having two faces on each side are therefore capable of
performing their function no matter in which direction the crusher sleeve is
rotated. Again the crushing capacity is not confined to that of crushing corn
cobs, but is equally valuable in the reduction of bones, roots, bark or other similar
substances. In order to prevent the material from getting between the stationery
grinding head and the interior of the case E, and thence out of the discharged
spout without being duly acted upon by the grinding plates I provide a rubber or
other yielding band 10, and secure it to the head in any convenient manner as by
stretching it over the nuts of the bolts which hold the plates to the head as seen
in figs. 1 and 8.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
First. In a grinding mill, the combination with the main frame provided with a
casing and a chamber, of the grinding mechanism consisting essentially of the
grinding plates, and the reversible lugs having angular sides and mounted to rotate
and feed the material to the plates.
Second. In a grinding mill, the combination with the main frame having a
casing and chamber, of the fixed and rotating grinding plates, the fixed and
rotating grinding heads, and the reversible sleeve or crusher having lugs with
angular sides, the angles on one side varying from that on the other side and
mounted to rotate and feed the material with varying rapidity into the machine.
Third. In a grinding mill, the combination with the main frame having a casing
and chamber, and the stationery grinding head and plate, of the adjustable shaft,
the grinding head mounted thereon and the plates secured thereto, the pulley
sleeve mounted upon the shaft, and the crusher or sleeve constructed to form a
locked engagement at either end with the pulley sleeve, and the rotating head, and
provided with lugs having angular sides, the angles on one side varying from that
on the other side, and adapted to feed the material with varying rapidity.
Fourth. In a grinding mill, the combination with the shaft and the pulley sleeve.
mounted thereon and having its end provided with an off set, of a grinding head
having grinding plates and a boss having an off set in one end and mounted upon
said shaft and the reversible crusher or sleeve fitting to said shaft and having its
ends off set to correspond with the pulley sleeve and boss and provided with lugs
having angular sides, the angle one side varying from that on the other side.
Fifth. In a grinding mill, the combination with the main frame and a yoke
pivotally connected thereto at one end and having a fragile connection at the
other, the adjusting shaft and notched-graduated wheel and locking dog, of the
main shaft adapted to be longitudinally adjusted by adjusting shaft.
Sixth. In a grinding mill, the combination with the main frame, the adjusting
shaft and its wheel, the yoke, and the dog of the main shaft, and the interposed
block and washer of hard smooth substance.
Seventh. In a grinding mill, the combination with the main frame having a
casing, and the stationery grinding head adjustably secured thereto and provided
with grinding plates of the main shaft, the grinding bead secured thereto and
having grinding plates, the pivoted yoke having a fragile connection with the
frame, the adjusting shaft, its notched-graduated wheel and the locking dog.
Eight. In a grinding mill, the combination with the main frame having a
casing, of the stationery grinding head, the plates, secured thereto and the trunion
pins the set screws, the adjustable bracket, and the adjusting screw.
Ninth. In a grinding mill, the combination with the main frame of the stationery
grinding head adjustably mounted and capable of deflection to a given position.

page_text: - Tenth. In a grinding mill, the combination with the main frame, having an
enlargement and a bracket secured thereto and having holes therein of the
stationery head, having pin holes at an angle to the holes in the enlargement and
bracket, the trunion pins fitted in said holes and the binding screws.
Eleventh. In a grinding mill, the combination with the main frame having a
casing provided with an opening in the lower part, of the plate fitted to the
opening and having lugs and a binding screw.
Twelfth. In a grinding mill, the combination with the upper portion of the
casing having an opening at one side thereof, of the spout having a lug adapted to
engage the casing and a bolt hole and bolt to secure it in place.
Thirteenth. In a grinding mill, the combination with the main shaft of the
sleeve mounted thereon, the sleeves serving as an intermediate bearing for the
shaft.
Fourteenth. In a grinding mill, a reversible crusher or sleeve provided with
lugs having angular. sides the angle of one side being greater than that of the
other.
:
Fifteenth. In a grinding mill, a reversible crusher or sleeve having both ends
formed with an off set and provide: on its periphery with a series of lugs having
angular sides, the angle of one side being greater than that of the other.
Sixteenth. In a grinding mill plate constructed with a series of V-teeth at the
side and near the periphery and with a plurality of grinding protuberances having
curved edges and recessed faces.
Seventeenth. In a grinding mill, the combination with the upper casing of the
feeding box fitted thereto and provided with a slide, a grooved feeding roller and
operating mechanism.
Eighteenth. In a grinding mill, a feeding box having a slide, a grooved feeding
roller, a drive wheel upon its shaft and inclined inner walls, divergently disposed
to the periphery of the roller.
Nineteenth. In a grinding mill, a feeding box constructed with inclined diverging
inner walls and provided with a slide.
Twentieth. In a grinding mill, the combination with a feeding box and a slide
fitted thereto of a clamp and binding screw and nut whereby the slide is held in
a set position.
Twentieth-first.. In a grinding mill, the combination with the upper casing and
the feeding box, feeding roller and slide of the hopper fitted upon the said box
and opening into it.
Twenty second. In a grinding mill, the combination with the main frame having
a casing and a chamber and the feeding box, its feeding roller and slide and the
hopper, of the main shaft, the grinding heads and plates and the reversible sleeve
or crusher having lugs with angular sides the angle of one side being greater than
that of the other.
Twenty third. In a grinding mill, the combination of two sets of grinding plates
each having grinding teeth and protuberances so constructed to admit of operation
in both direction.
Twenty fourth. In a crushing mill, the combination with the crusher having
lugs, of the hopper mounted to discharge cobs upon the crusher and provided with
a flap or device to prevent the cobs from being thrown up.
Twenty fifth. In a crushing mill, the combination with the main frame having
a casing and a chamber of the stationery grinding head and plates, the main shaft,
the rotating grinding head and plates, the crusher having lugs and the sleeve and
driving pulley, the sleeve and rotating disck being constructed to engage the end
of the crusher.
Twenty sixth. In a mill, the combination with the casing having notches in its
edge of the several boxes, collectively or respectively fitted thereto or to each
other and having like notches and lugs and the binding bolts.

page_text: Twenty seventh. In a grinding mill, the combination with the casing, of the
grinding head and the band of yielding material located between the casing and
head, to prevent the passage of material between them.
Twenty eight. In a mill, the combination with a grinding head, of a crusher and
sleeve mounted upon the shaft, the crusher being constructed to form a locked-
engagement with the head and sleeve, and to transmit the motion received from
the head, to the sleeve.
Twenty ninth. In a mill, the combination with a grinding head, of a crusher,
mounted upon the same shaft, the crusher being constructed to form a locked
engagement with the head, and the sleeve adapted to maintain the crusher and
head in engagement.