Improvements in Type writers.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Dec., 1894-Accepted, 2nd Feb, 1895
Improvements in Type writers.
A communication from abroad by ALEXANDER TIMOTHY BROWN, of Syracuse,
in the County of Onondaga and State of New York, United States of
America, Mechanical Engineer.
1, JOHN CORRY FELL, of the Firm of Fell & Wilding, of 1 Queen Victoria
Street, in the City of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same 18 to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
My improvements in type writing machines relate more particularly to a
mechanism for holding the paper, etc. upon the plateu and for feeding the same;
nn escapement or stop-by-step carriage feeding mechanism; a carriage releasing
mechanism; a mechanism for stopping the carriage and for locking the punting
mechanisin at the end of a full line or column lino; and for then releasing the
same to permit additional characters to be printed, a bell mechanism for giving
an alarm before teaching the end of a full line or column line; a margin stop and
a carriage stop; a ribbon feeding mechanism for moving the ribbon automatically
lengthwise and widthwise and also for automatically reversing it when it may
become unwound from either of the ribbon spools; and a mechanism for
preventing the 1ibbon from being wound upon either spool in the wrong direction.
My improvements consist in the various features of construction and combina
tions of devices hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out in
the appended claims.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is an elevation taken at the left hand side of a type writing machine
embodying my improvements, part of the key board of the machine being bioken
away, and the finger keys being omitted.
Figure 2 18 a rear elevation of the same.
Figure 3 is a vertical section, viewed from the front of the machine, of the rear
part of the machine, showing more particularly the escapement mechanism, the
Baid section being taken at the line z, z of Figure 16.
Figure 4 18 a view similar to Figure 3, slightly enlarged, and omitting the
universal bar or sliding gate, the rack pinion being shown as disengaged from the
feed rack for the purpose of releasing the carriage.
Figure 5 18 a sectional plan view of the escapement mechanism, with the releasing
mechanism, the margin stop, and the bell mechanism added.
Figure 6 18 an enlarged plan view of the ratchet wheel and ratchet dogs forming
part of the escapement mechanism.
Figure 7 16 an enlarged plan view of the carriage stop and line-locking
mechanisin.
Figure 8 18 a perspective view of the combined carriage stop, line-lock actuator
and bell-trip, and showing its inode of attachment and adjustment.
Figure 9 is a vertical section thereof taken at the line y, y of Figure 8.
Figure 10 is an end sectional view taken at the line x, x of Figure 5 showing
more particularly the carriage releasing mechanism.
Figure 11 18 a side elevation of the ribbon feeding mechanism, omitting the
framework, the view being taken at the left hand side of the machine, considered
from the front.

page_text: Figure 12 is a sectional elevation, slightly enlarged, of the ribbon-feeding
mecbanism at the right hand side of the machine.
Figure 13 is a similar view with the parts in different positions and with the
ribbon unwound from the spool and with the reversing hook in operative position
relatively to the feeding pawl.
Figure 14 is a skeleton perspective view of the spool-rotating pawls with their
controlling devices, said view also including a side elevation of the cam and
roller.
Figure 15 is a top plan view of one of the ribbon spools with its associated
devices, and illustrating the manner of locking the ribbon spools so as to prevent
the ribbon from being wound thereupon in a wrong direction.
Figme 16 is a top plan view of the machine, exclusive of the key board and of
the type bars.
Figue 17 18 an end view of the paper.feeding mechanism, showing the front
paper roll out of contact with the platen and the rear paper roller in contact
therewith.
Figure 18 18 a similar view, showing the front paper roll in contact with the
platen, and the rear paper roller removed from the platen for releasing the paper
Figure 19 19 & rear elevation, partly in section, of the paper feeding
mechanism.
Figure 20 is a front elevation, enlarged, of the front paper finger or guide ad
its roll.
Figure 21 is a side elevation of the same showing the method of throwing the
roll into and out of contact with the platen.
Figure 22 shows, in sectional elevation, part of the ribbon mechanism at the
right hand side of the machine and illustrating the action of the ribbon on the
reversing mechanism, the locking finget in this view riding on
the ribbon wound upon the spool.
a portion of
Figure 23 is a similar view, with the ribbon unwound from the spool and the
rider of the reversing mechanism in an aperture in the side of the spool, to permit
the reversing hook to engage with the operating pawl of the spool, the said ride
being also shown in position to lock the spool against being wound in the wrong
direction.
Figme 24 is a sectional elevation of the bell hammer.
Figure 25 18 a horizontal centi al section showing more particularly the scape or
ratchet wheel, the piuions, the shaft, beaung, etc.; and
Figure 26 is a view showing the preferred form of cast-off lever for the feed
rollei.
In the various views the same parts will be found designated by the same
numerals of reference.
As will be observed, I have embodied my several improvements in that
description of type writing machines known as the "Smith-Premier Type
Writer," and for which they were more especially designed, but it will of course
be understood that many of my said improvements are applicable to machines of
other construction or make, and hence I do not wish to be considered as luniting
my invention or improvements to this particular type of machines.
The key mechanism comprising the finger pieces and the rock shafts which act
upon the universal bar or sliding gate (shown at Figure 3) and also upon the type
bars, being inconvenient of illustration without elimination or reduction in size
of some of the other parts of the mechanism, and being familiar to those skilled
in the art, I have omitted from the drawings. I have, however, shown the
"Smith-Premier" paper carriage and swinging platen in connection with my
improved escapement mechanism and paper feeding devices.
Upon the top-plate 1 are two grooved bars 2, and on the paper carriage are two
oppositely grooved bars 3, the said grooves forming longitudinal bearings for the
anti-friction balls 4, in substantially the usual way. The front bar 5 of the paper
carriage contains a scale 6 adapted to a fixed pointer arranged opposite the

page_text: up and
printing point. The side bars 7 are inclined upwardly from their rear to their
front ends and are provided with hook-like stops 8 to limit the swinging movements
of the platen 9. The axle or shaft 10 of the platen 18 adapted to slido
down upon the inclined surfaces of the side bars and to contact with said hook-
shaped stops and thereby restrict the forward and backward swinging movements
of the platen. The platen is guided and controlled in its swinging movements by
spring-piessed arms 11, pivoted at 12 on the carriage and at their inner ends
hooking upon pins 13 projecting laterally from upright arms 14 inade integral with
the end bars 15 of the platen cairier or cradle, which is composed of said end
bars and a fiont rod 16 and back rod 17. The end bars or pieces 15 are provided
with hubs which form bearings for the plateu axle, which at its prolonged ends is
provided with hand wheels 18, by which the platen may be rotated. The platen
carrier is provided with a forwardly projecting handle 19, by which the platen may
be conveniently rocked forward for inspection of the work on its underside and
then returned.
Upon the back rod 17, near each end is pivoted a bracket or hanger 20.
Centrally of the length of these brackets or hangers is arranged the shaft or
axis 21 of the rear hollow bushed feed roller 22, which extends substantially the
whole length of the platen and rotates freely on its shaft 21. At the lower
depending ends of the brackets or hangers is pivoted at 23 a paper-blade 24,
which bears against the underside of the platen and which may be graduated oi
marked to correspond with the scale 6, if desired. A paper table 25, 19 by
arms 26, connected to the back od 17. Attache to the upper end of each arm
is a sheet metal spuug 27, which is cun ved upwardly and then downwardly and
forwardly so that its free end may press against the shaft or axis 21 of the feed
roller. The tension of these springs and hence the pressure of the feed roller
against the platen on the paper thereon, may be regulated by means of the screw
stem 28 projecting rearwardly from the arms 26 and the headed nuts 29 thereupon
and upon the springs. The body of the nut passes through a hole in the spring
and tuins upon the threaded stem, the head of the nut bearing on the outer surface
of the sping and being provided with a nick or slit for the accommodation of a
suitable tool to effect the rotation of the nut and hence change the tension or
power of the spring. When the nut is sciewed inwardly the tension is increased,
and when scrowed outwardly it is diminished. By this means the pressure of the
feed roller may be regulated with great nicety.
For the purpose of facilitating the introduction of the paper or its placement
or adjustment upon or removal from the platen, means are provided to enable the
feed roller to be swung back out of contact with the platen or the paper thereon,
the said means consisting of an arın or lever 30, which is secured upon the
prolonged end of the feed roller shaft or axis 21 at the left hand side of the
machine, and which extends up to a point where it may be conveniently grasped
by the fingers of the operator. The said lever as shown in the main views, is
formed with a semi-circular bend 31 to fit around the rear side of the back 10d 17,
which rod during the manipulation of said lever acts as a fulcium therefor.
Normally the springs maintain the feed rolle in contact with the platen or the
paper thereon, but when the said lever is pulled forward at its upper end it pivots
about the rod 17 and the feed roller 18 caused to move away from the platen, the
feed roller brackets swinging about the 1od 17 to permit this action, which 18
illustrated at Figure 18. During said withdrawal from the platen of the feed
roller the pivoted paper blade 24 is slightly retracted but not sufficiently to fall
away from the platen owing to the rearward extension of the front paper fingers
or guides 32, to be presently described. When the arm or lever 30 is released the
springs 27 cause all of the parts to return to their normal positions shown at
Figure 17.
The pressure or feed roller shaft passes freely or loosely through the left hand
hanger and is pinned or otherwise made fast to the right hand hanger, while the
cast-off lever is likewise fast to the shaft at its left hand end. Owing to the

page_text: loop in the lever a slight lost motion is created, and in consequence of the above
construction at the initial forward pull of the lover the right hand end of the
roller is caused to slightly move away from the platen before tho left hand end of
the roller, but when the lost motion has been taken up and the loop bears against
the back rod of the carriage both ends of the roller move away from the platen
together. When the level is released the spring pressed roller moves bodily at
first but the left hand end thereof contacts with the platen before the right hand
end, thus insuing an even seating or bearing of the feed roller on the platen for
its full length The main object of this construction is to obtain a true and even
pressure all along the line of the roller and at the same time to enable the roller
to be cast off fully at each end by the lever to facilitate adjustments of the paper
in any direction while on the platen.
In practice I prefer to use the form and arrangement of cast-off lever shown at
Figure 26, in which the lever is shown as provided with an arm 31° adapted to
bear against the back rod of the platen carrier, and in which the finger piece or
handle end of the lever extends upward and forward to a more convenient position
for manipulation by the operator. In this view it will be observed that the end of
the arm stands normally out of contact with the carriage rod, and hence affords
the lost motion above rofeired to in connection with the loop 31.
The front fingers or guides 32 are preferably three in number and are normally
auranged one centrally of the platen and one at each end thereof. These guides
and their connected parts are all constructed alike and a description of one will
therefore sufhce for all
Each finger or guide 32 is made of sheet metal, and for its major part is bent
to correspond with the curvature of the platen. The upper portion of the finger
o guide extends slightly above the plane of the top of the platen and is bent to
form a straight downwardly and outwardly projecting portion 33 for attachment
by a screw 34 to a parallel support or arm 35 formed integral with a block or
bracket 36, which has a central transverse opening to enable it to embrace the
front rod 16 of the platen carrier. The rear side of the block is provided with a
tongue which enters a groove 37 in said rod, thereby preventing the block and
its attachments from turning upon said rod. The upper portion of the block 18
formed with a head 38, which is perforated for the passage therethrough of a
screw stud 39 secured to the arm 35, whereby the block may be clamped upon
said rod and held against endwise movement by a milled nut 40, the stud being
provided with a head to prevent accidental detachment of the nut.
Pivotally hung on the front rod 16 are two plates oi aims 41, which embrace
the block 36 and which support and carry a small feed toll 42, whose journal takes
a bearing in said plates or arms and serves to connect them together, in conjunction
with a cross piu 43 at the lower ends of said arms or plates. Attached to said
cross pin is a curved plate spring 44, of a width substantially equal to the distance
between the inner sides of the aims 41 and arranged in front of the roll 42, thereby
serving the additional function of a shield for said roll. The upper end of said
spung is free or unattached and bears on the underside of the block 36, which is
provided with two downward projections 45 and 46 to serve as stops for the said
free end of the spring. The said spring by its tension 18 adapted to hold the
oll 42 either au contact with the platen or the paper thereon, or away therefrom,
the guide 32 having an opening for the toll. At Figue 21 the free end of the
spring rests against the stop 45 in the full lines, and when in this position the
sping acts to hold the roll and its holder away from the platen, as shown by
the full lines. In the same view the roll is shown in dotted lines as pressing against
the platen, which 18 shown in section, and this result is effected by simply pulling the
free end of the spring forward against the front stop 46, the stops 45 and 46 being
arranged on opposite sides of the axis of motion of the roll holder, and hence the
latter is caused to move by the spring in one direction or the other, according to
the position of the free end of the spring, all as clearly indicated by the full and
dotted lines at said figure. The outward movement of the roll and its holder is

page_text: limited by projections 47 on the upper en is of the arms or plates 41, which stuke
against the 100t of the finger 33, which is widened or winged for this purpose.
These spring-pressed rolls are useful more particularly in writing upon envelopes
and other stiff materials which do not conform readily to the curvature of the
platen, and for also holding the ordinary paper firmly after the tail end of the
sheet has left the year feed roller, and it is desued to write as neat to the bottom
edge of the sheet as is possible The fingers on guides and the paper rolls may be
moved lengthwise on the rod 16 and re-set at any desired localities, in accordance
with the demands of the work, by simply relieving the frictional gup of the block,
when the contrivance as a whole may be shipped or slid along the iod to the desired
new position and re-clamped thereat.
At the rear side of the paper carriage, and extending for substantially its whole
length, is firmly affixed a bar 48, the under earmost portion of which is formed
with a series of equi-distant teeth to constitute a feed lack 49, with which
co-operates a pinion 50 mounted to turn on a stud 51 projecting rearwardly from an
trm or cianh 52 mounted to oscillate upon a horizontal shaft 53, adapted to rotate
on suitable beaungs in a large segmental general bracket 54, which is attached to
the top-plate at the rear of the machine. Upon the inuct end of said shaft is made
fast another pinion 55 of the same size as the pinion 50 and attanged to gear
therewith. On the opposite rear end of said shaft is secured a laige Latchet
wheel 56, which preferably 10tates in a casing 57 cast with said general bracket.
In connection with sand ratchet wheel are employed two dogs 58 and 59, the latter
being the holding dog and the former the feeding dog. The feeding dog is
mounted upon a horizontal pivot 60, and said dog is provided with a spring 61,
which is coiled upon a hub projecting from the rear side of the dog and mounted
on said pivot and attached at one end to the feeding dog so as to swing its point
upwardly. The pivot pin passes through ears in a head 62, which is fast upon the
upper end of a vertical oscillatory spindle 63, having a boaring at its upper end in
the said general bracket, and a bearing at its lower end in the back plate 64 at the
lower part of the machine The holding dog is secured to the top of the head 62
by a screw, not shown.
Near the lower end of said spindle is affixed a crank au 65, which bears a
small stud or roller 66 that is embraced by two ears 67 on a bracket 68 attached
to the vertically arranged universal bar or sliding gate 69, common to the "Smith-
Piemer"
type winter, and hence requiring no detail description of its construction
or mode of oporation. It will suffice to say that the said universal bai or gato
slides on swings from left to right preferably by means of the link 70 as the huger
keys are depressed, and in the reverse direction when the finger keys are released.
When the universal bar slides towards the right the spindle 63 18 oscillated
through the lugs 67 and crank am 65, and the dogs are both thereby vibrated in
a horizontal plane towards the front of the machine, as indicated by the dotted
Imes at Figure 6 When this takes place the feeding dog 58, which normally
arrests the rotation of the ratchet wheel 56, 18 moved out of the path of the teeth
of the ratchet wheel and the holding dog is moved into engagement therewith to
prevent any rotation of the ratchet wheel and movement of its connected parts at
this time. As soon, however, as the finger key is released the spring-actuated
universal bai returns to its noimial position, and through the intermediate devices
descubed the holding dog is moved out of engagement with the ratchet wheel and
the feeding dog into ongagement therewith, and during this movement the ratchet
wheel tuins a distance equal to the space between two succesave teeth. This 18
owing to the fact that when the feeding dog was moved out of engagement with
the ratchet wheel its spring 61 acted to vibrate said dug and throw its operative
end up above the plane of the tooth of the ratchet wheel which it had just
obstructed. Hence when said feeding dog was oscillated back into engagement
with the ratchet wheel it took a position in front of the next succeeding tooth on
the ratchet wheel, and the holding dog being out of the ratchet wheel at this time
the latter could turn until the feeding dog was vibrated or carried down against

page_text: its stop. The ratchet wheel 18 caused to revolve in this manner step-by-step
every time a finger key or space key 18 actuated and released, by cason of the
ratchet wheel being connected through the two pinions 55 and 50 to the feed rack
of the paper carriage, which latter is connected in the usual manner by a strap,
cord or chain 71 to a spring diving dium or wheel 72.
From this construction it will also be observed that the paper carriage 18 fed
only one letter space distance at each step of rotation of said ratchet wheel, the
said ratchet wheel and its dogs together with said pinions and the rack forming
an escapement mechanism for the power driven paper catringo in its forward
movements or in travelling from right to left.
At Figure 2 the vertical vibration of the feeding dog is indicated by the dotted
lines, and it will be seen at said view that the casing 57 is cut away to permit this
action.
The pinion 50 is held normally in engagement with the lack by means of a
spring 73, which at one end is attached to the general bracket, and at the other
end to an arm 74 projecting downwardly from the crank am 52. By reason of
this construction the carriage may be moved backward on from left to right for the
beginning of a new line, the vibrating piuion teeth simply bobbing in and out of
the notches of the feed rack as long as the backward movement of the carriage is
continued, but the instant this novement reases the pinion re-engages the feed
rack and thus prevents the carriago from moving forward under the influence of the
spring drain, the said pinion being prevented from rotating by reason of its teeth
intermeshing with the teeth of the piuion 55, which at this time is held stationary
by the ratchet wheel and its associated dog 58. During the return movement
of the carnage and while the pinion 50 is bobbing or trailing over the tecth of
the feed rack the pinion 55 is prevented from turning backwardly, and hence also
moving the ratchet wheel in the same direction by means of a dog 75 which is
pivoted at 76 in the general bracket.
In order to permit the carriage to move quickly independently of the actuating
or printing keys in either direction, I have provided a release key mechanismi
constructed and operating as follows.―
On the pivot 76 is also mounted an arm 77, whose inner fiee cud underlies an
arm or projection 78 integral with the crank 52 and arranged on the opposite
side of the pivot thereof. When this arm 71 is elevated the crank arm 52 and
its pinion 50 are caused to descend through the lifting of the arm or projection 78,
and hence the escapement mechanisin is separated or the feed inck released from
the pinion, thus leaving the carriage free to be moved rapidly in either direction,
by the spring power towards the left or by the hand towards the right. When
said lever 77 is permitted to descend the spring 73 acts to etuin the pinion 50
into engagement with the feed rack. The crank 52 and the lifting arm 78 may be
said to constitute a lever of the first order, having its fulcrum or pivot on the
Bhaft 53.
The arm 77 is lifted by a lever 79, having a hook 80, upon which said arm
rests, the lever boing pivoted at 81 and vibrating vertically at light angles to the
vertical vibration of the arm 77. The free ond 82 of said level 79 rests upon a
plate or bar 83, which extends the full length of the paper carriage and is
horizontally pivoted at 84 thereto so that it may rock or swing in a vertical plane.
Underneath said rocker bar at its left hand end extends the free rearmost end of
a lever 85, which is pivoted at 86 to the side bar of the carriage aud which is
provided at its outermost end with a finger piece 87, said lever constituting a
release key.
When the finger piece of the release key is pressed downward, as shown by the
dotted lines at Figure 10, the rocker bar 83 is thrown upward and in turn causes
the lever 79 to swing about its pivot, and through the hook 80 to effect a vibration
of the arm 70 about its pivot, which movement of said arm, as above explained,
operates through the arms 78 and 52 to throw the pinion 50 down out of engage-
ment with the feed rack, and as long as the finger piece is thus held pressed down

page_text: the carriage may be moved freely along its ways independently of the escapement
mechanism. Upon reloasement of the finger piece the parts will return to their
first positions by gravity and with the aid of the rotunning spring 73
Inasmuch
as the lever 79 is connected to the framework of the machine and always occupies a
relatively fixed position it is therefore essential that the rocker bai 83 shall
extend the full length of the carriage in order that said lever may be raised in
any position of the carriage.
The lever 79 forms also a part of the carriage stop mechanism and the
mechanism for locking the line or preventing the types from punting when the
end of a line or columu is reached, as will presently appear. The said level 79 in
addition to its vibration in a vertical plane, due to its horizontal pivot, is capable
also of a horizontal vibration in consequence of being mounted upon a vertical
oscillatory stem or shaft 88 having a bearing at its upper end in the general
biacket and at its lower end in the lower back plate 64 ot the machine.
An arm 89 having a hook 90 at its free end is secured to the lower ond of said
sbaft 88. This hook is adapted to engage a hook or protection 91 on the
bracket 68 attached to the universal bar when said shaft is oscillated, and by such
engagement to effect the locking of said universal bar and of the escapement
mechanism and of the type movement or printing mechaniser to which it is
connected The said hook 90 stands normally out of the path of movement of
the projection 91, but when said stem is oscillated, the hook is moved over into the
path of said projection and operates to lock it, with the result that so long as these
two devices are in engagement it is impossible to either feed the paper carriage or
to effect an impression upon the paper by the types
The shaft 88 is caused to oscillate by the horizontal swinging movement of the
lever 79, which is effected by a projection 92 on the paper carriage. This projection
is made utegial with an adjustable block or slide 93, which is fitted upon and
supported by the bar 48 which constitutes also the feed tack. The block or slide
is preferably dove-tailed upon the said bar, as shown at Figure 8, and the said bar
is provided on its front edge with a series of teeth 94 corresponding in distance
apart to the feed rack and also to the divisions of the machine scale With any of
the spaces between these teeth, a dog 95 18 adapted to engage, to effect the holding
of said slide in any desired position upon said bar. The said dog is made integral
with a sliding shank 96 having a finger piece 97, whereby the dog may be con-
veniently engaged or disengaged from the series of teeth 94, the slide being slotted
as shown to permit of the transverse movements of the finger piece, which, after
disengaging the dog or catch, may be conveniently employed to move the slide
along upon the bar. A flat spring 98 is attached at one end to the front side of
the slide and bearing at its free end against the protruding end of the dog operates
to force the dog into engagement with the teeth when the finger piece is released
and to normally maintain such engagement.
During the forward movement of the cairinge the front side of the projection 92
strikes against the arm or portion 99 of the lever 79 and causes it to vibrate, as
shown at Figure 7, thereby effecting simultaneously the stoppage of the carriago
and the locking of the line. On the return of the carriage the lever 79, its shaft
and the booked arm thereon are caused to return to their normal positions, by
means of a coiled spring 100 shown more particularly at Figure 16. The backward
movement of the arm under the influence of this spring is limited by an abut-
ment 101 formed by cutting a notch in the upper edge of the vertical portion of the
general bracket.
It will be observed from the above construction that after the carriage has been
stopped and the line locked a further movement of the carriage and additional
printing may be effected (provided the carriage has not traveled to its full extent)
by lifting the lever 79, thus releasing the universal bar, the feeding mechanism and
the printing mechanism.
The lever 79 18 lifted by the release key, through the rack bar, and as soon as it
is raised above the contact or projection the spring 100 swings it towards the right

page_text: and on top of said contact or projection, thus enabling the writing to be resumed.
But this operation does not disengage the pinion 50 from the feed rack, owing to
the fact that lost inotion is provided between the arm 77 and the hook 80, as shown
at Figure 10, the lever 79 being released when returning to its stop before the
arm 77 can be lifted. This operation involves only a partial depression or movement
of the release key. If the latter be wholly depressed, or its depression be continued
after the return of the stop lever 79, the swinging pinion 50 will be disengaged
from the feed tack. Hence to release the caninge the release key is wholly
depressed, while to release the stop arm it is only partially depressed. By these
devices it will be seen that it is also possible to write several columns width-
wise upon a sheet and airest the carriage and lock the line at the end of each
column.
The projection 92 besides serving as a carriage stop and line locking device,
performs the function also of a bell trip, as will now be explained:
Directly over the escapenient wheel shaft 53 is pivoted a bell operating lever 102,
to the lower end of which is pivotally connected a rod 103, which at its outer end
18 slotted at 104 and connected to a pin 105 on the upper end of a bell-hammer 106,
which is pivoted to the general bracket at 100. As the carriage advances the
lower end of the operating lever 102 comes into contact with the projection 92, is
vibrated thereby to raise the bell-hammer and, after riding over the top of sand
projectiou, the. said operating lever drops therefiom and allows the hammer to
strike the bell or gong 107. In the return movement of the carriage the operating
lever 102 is permitted to ride back over the top of said projection 92 and without
vibrating the bell-hanımer or giving an alarm by reason of the slotted connection
which said lever has with said bell-hammer.
As will be seen at Figure 24, the bell-hammer is provided with a spring-pressed
headed pin 106 which slides in an opening or housing formed transversely in sand
bell hammer. The object of this construction is to cause the striking end of the
bell hammer to rebound immediately after falling upon the bell, in order to obtain
a clear ringing sound instead of a dull thud, which would be the case if the hammer
were permitted to rest upon the bell. The said rebound of the hammer 19 caused
by the striking of the bead of the pin against the general bracket 54, as indicated
by the arrow at Figure 24.
A contrivance similar in construction to that shown at Figure 8 is employed for
a margin stop, etc. This will be found illustrated at Figure 16 and marked, as an
entirety, with the numeral 108. The projection 109 thereof is adapted on the
return movement of the carriage to contact with the lever 79 and thereby stop the
carriage, the abutment 101 serving to take the shock or thrust and at the same
time airest the carriage.
By adjusting this device along the bar 48 in the manner above explained with
reference to the slide 93, the margin at the left hand side of the sheet may be as
wide or as narrow as desired. When, however it may be desired to write within
this margin the lever 79 15 1aised, (preferably by means of the release key 85), in
order that the projection 109 may be carried to the night of said lever, thus
enabling the writing to be done within the margin, the stop 109 feeding down
towards the lever until it strikes at the right hand side thereof, when by a
continued movement the lever 18 swung to the left and operates to lock the machine
before the types can print into the body of the sheet. Tho said projection on the
marginal stop when thus employed also trips the bell so that in writing an annota-
tion in the margin an alarm may be sounded and the caringe and printing
mechanism locked in the same manner as at the end of a line of writing extending
across the entire sheet.
The marginal stop contrivance 108 18 provided with a spring actuated dog or
catch and a fiuger piece of precisely the same construction as the contrivance 93,
and the views at Figures 8 and 9 may represent both contrivances.
The stop contrivances 93 and 108 it will be observed are each, adapted to stop
the carriage in either direction of its travel and also to operate the bell or aların

page_text: prior to stopping the carriage at the light hand end of a full line or a columa line.
While I have shown but two of these stop contrivances as many may be employed
as desired. As far as my invention, broadly considered, is concerned, the stop
contrivance or contact devices may be transposed; that is to say, the plurality of
contact devices shown upon the carriage may be placed upon the frame work, and
the single contact device on the fame work may be placed upon the carriage, but
I prefer the arrangement shown.
The ribbon feeding mechanism comprises means for feeding the ibbon step-by-
step longitudinally; means for feeding it step-by-step widthwise; and means for
automatically reversing its longitudinal direction of motion
Upon the hub 110 of the spring drum 72 is mounted a ratchet wheel 111, with
which engages a spring-actuated pawl 112 pivoted at the side of the drum. This
ratchet wheel is provided on its side with a bi-lobed or double cam gear 113, which
ngages with and drives a sumila gear 114 mounted on an axis 115 at the inner
end of a bracket 116 firmly secured to the shaft 117 of the drum. To the outer
end of the axis 115 is attached a crank 118, the wist pin 119 of which is pivotally
connected to the upper end of a link 120, whose lower eud is connected to the outer
end of a rocker aim 121, secured to a rock shaft 122 extending entirely across the
machine and having suitable bearings in the side frames thereof. From said rock
shaft extends upwardly another locker arm 123, which is preferably made integral
with the arm 121 and forms therewith a bent lever at the left hand side of the
machine. The fiee end of the arm 123 is loosely connected by a pin 124 and a
slot 125 to the ribbon spool carrying frame designated no an entirety by the
numeral 126, the said slot being formed in a rearwardly projecting arin 127 forming
part of said carrying frame, which comprises also inwardly and downwardly
extending arms 128, at right angles to said at 127, and embracing the ribbon
spool 129, the free ends of said arms 128 being connected to the outer flangod ends
of a central core or sleeve 130 of the ribbon spool. The arms 128 are parallel and
are formed integial with a vertical plate 131, which at its upper end forms a
support for the inhing ribbon 132, lateral guides for which are afforded by
outwardly bent flanges 133.
The ribbon spool 129 has a circular flange 134 at its rear end and a clown
atchet wheel 135 at its liont end
It may here be stated that the ribbon spool and its frame or carrier on the right
hand side of the machine are constructed like the same devices at the left hand
side of the machine, above described, and it may also be stated that at the right
hand side of the machine there is a rocker arm 136 similar in construction aud
operation to the rocker arm 123, but the rocker arm 136 is not provided with a
Lochei aun as 121, since the power is applied at the left hand side of the machine
and the motion is transmitted to said 1ocker arm through the rock-shaft 122.
It will be seen from the foregoing that the ribbon spools are connected together
through their frames and the rocker arms 123 and 136 and the rock shaft 122, and
that hence the said spools and the ribbon inay be moved backward and forward in
unison as said rocker aims are vibrated, the ribbon spools being mounted to slide
longitudinally upon fixed axes or supports 137.
The ribbon is moved transversely step-by-step as each character is imprinted,
and thus the bbon is utilized in the dnection of its width during the forward
movements of the paper carriage. The rocker arms and lock shaft are actuated
by the arm 121, the link 120, the crank 118 and the bi-lobed gears 114 and 113,
the latter acting to drive the former and this in turn serving to rotate the crank
and through its link o rod to convert the notatory motion of these parts into a
vibratory movement of the rocker arms and through them into a reciprocatory
sliding motion of the ribbon spools and the ribbon.
The object of the employment of the two bi-lobed or quasi-elliptical gears is to
give to the ribbon au approximately uniform transverse or crosswise feed, which, it
will be understood, is very desirable in order that the ribbon may not be struck
several times in the same spot by the types, which is the case where a crank or
B

page_text: eccentric is employed with ordinary gearing. By the shown and described
arrangement of the gears it will be observed that the velocity of the spools will be
substantially equal at all points of their travel, and hence the ribbon is afforded
practically a uniform step-by-step feed at all times, thus avoiding the delay in the
feed of the ribbon at the limits of the throw of the crank (or at the time of the
reversal of the duection of movement of the ribbon) common to all prior machines
employing cranks on eccentrics and found to be highly objectionable in practice.
The bi-lobed gears resemble somewhat elliptical gears but are not constructed
in the manner of elliptical gears for economical reasons; the lobes being bounded
by anes of cncles, the teeth can all be cut with a single cutter designed for pro-
ducing cucular geais Nevertheless tue elliptical gears may be employed in lieu
of the quasi-elliptical gears shown. Therefore by the term bi-lobed gears, I
desire to be understood as not limiting myself to gears of the exact conformation
shown, and as including any pair of gears in which each has a major and a minor
axis, and the two gears operate in substantially the manner set forth
I shall now describe the means for moving the ribbon longitudinally or from one
spool ou to the other
On a suitable pivot 138 on the frame work of the machine at the left hand side
is mounted an arm 139, having at its upper end a driving finger 140, preferably
tangular in cross section, which is adapted to engage with the crown ratches
wheel 135 on the left hand spool to rotate the same anil to wind the ribbon there-
upon. On the right hand side of the machine and mounted on a suitable pivot 141
of the fiame work is a similar arm 142, provided with a similar driving finger 143
adapted to engage with the crown ratchet wheel on the right hand spool for the
purpose of rotating it and winding the ribbon upon said spool. The arm 142 has,
however, a projection 144 extending below its pivot, which projection is acted upon
in front by an arm 145 fast on n rock shaft 146 extending across the machine and
mounted in suitable bearings in the frame work. At near the left hand end of
said lock shaft is affixed another locking am 147, which extends up past the
pivot 138 and contacts with the car side of the arm 139. The arms 139 and 142
and their fingers may be considered as diving pawls, and in order to avoid
confusion I shall hereinafter designate them as such.
The construction thus far described is such that only one diving pawl at a time
can be in engagement with its ratchet wheel, and also such that the gravity of said
pawls tends to put them into engagement with their respective ratchet wheels when
unrestrained. The pawl 139 is controlled by the aim 147, and the pawl 142 by an
aim 145. The arm 147 bears a finger piece 148, by which it may be conveniently
actuated. When the aim 147 is in the position indicated by the full lines at
Figure 14 the pawl 142 is in operative relation to its ratchet wheel, by reason of
the forward position of the aun 145, and the pawl 139 is held out of operative
relation to its ratchet wheel by reason of its contact with the upper portion of the
aim 147, which at this time is also in its forward position. When, however, the
aim 147 is pushed rearwardly to the dotted line position shown, the pawl 139 15
permitted to fall into engagement with its ratchet wheel and the pawl 142 is drawn
out of engagement with its ratchet wheel by the backward movement of the
alm 145.
For the purpose of holding the rocker arms 145 and 147 and heuce the
pawls 139 and 142, in their forward or backward positions against accidental
displacement, the arm 147 is provided with a sping aim 149 arranged at right
angles to the arm 147 and projecting rearwardly. The free innermost end of the
urin 149 is bent at right angles to its body and is V-shaped to form a cam-like
device 150, which co-acts with a small roller 151 Journaled in the side frame of
the machine. When the arm 147 is vibrated real wardly the cam 150 18 moved
down past the axis of the roller 151 and its upper surface bears against the under-
Bide of said roller. When the arm 147 18 moved in the reverse duection the
underside of the cam is moved up past the axis of said roller and bears upon the
upper side of the latter. In moving thus up and down the cam must be forced

page_text: inwardly slightly, and this is permitted by reason of the lateral flexibility of the
arm 149, which being a spring plate or elastic aim, causes the cam to fly outwardly
when the axis of the roller is passed in either the upward or downward movement
of the cam.
Hence by these means a simple and effective locking contrivance is
provided for the spool rotating mechanism, and one which acts automatically
dming the reversal of the spool rotating pawls
The aim 147 is intended to be vibrated by its hand piece 148 only when it may
be desired to reverse the longitudinal dnection of the ribbon before it has reached
its end; o in other words, before it has been entirely unwound from either
spool.
The machine is provided with mechanism for automatically throwing into and
out of operation the spool rotating pawls, in order that the ribbon may be reversed
automatically when either end is reached, and this mechanism I shall Dow
describe:-
To the arm 127 is pivoted at 152 an arm 153, which is bent laterally near its
pivot (in order to avoid the ribbon carrier and the flange of the ribbon spool) and
then extends forwardly, to support at its free end a hook 154, which is pivoted to
Said arm at 155. The said hook has a rearwardly extending arm 156 of slightly
greater weight than the hook, which arm has a projection 157 that rests nounally
upon the lateral bend of the pivoted member 153, thus limiting the descent of the
arm 156. At the lower rear end of said arm 156 18 a hooked projection 158, which
is adapted to strike against the underside of the lateral bend and prevent any
disanangement of the hook.
This hook 145 is adapted to engage at a certain time with the spool rotating
pawl 142 and throw it into engagement with its ratchet wheel, as will be presently
more fully described.
At the end of the pivoted arm 153 18 a finger 159, preferably formed integral
with said arm, and after extending upward therefrom for a short distanco is bent
laterally towards the axis of the ribbon spool and then upwardly at right angles
again to form a stop 160 to prevent the ribbon spool from otating in the wrong
dnection at the beginning of its winding operation. The fingo 159 18 notched
at 161 to embrace the edge 162 of the vertical plate 131 which is cut away as
indicated at 163 to permit of the vibration of the aim 153 and its attachments, the
edge 162 being cut on an arc of a circle from the pivot 152 as a center and serving
as a lateral guide for the finger and its connected parts The said finger 159
governs the vibration of the reversing hook 154 and its supporting arm, and the
movements of said finger are controlled by the inking bbon, as will now be
explained.
-
Referring more particularly to Figure 22, it will be observed that the finger
rests upon the inking ribbon wound upon the spool and that the spool is rotating
As the coila
and the ubbon unwinding in the directions indicated by the arrows.
or folds of the ribbon aie reduced in number the finger gradually approaches the
center of the spool, which action at the same time permits the aim 153 and the
hook 154 to gradually descend When the said portion of the ribbon is unwound
from the spool, as shown at Figure 23, the support afforded thereby for the
finger 159 is removed and the finger drops at once into a peripheral slot 164 in the
spool, the hook and its arm dropping correspondingly. This descent of these parts
is limited by a hook 165 (Figure 12) at the lower end of the plate 131 and at the
termination of the edge 162, the finger dropping upon said hook. When this
action takes place the point of the hook 154 is brought into the proper horizontal
plane to engage the driving pawl 142, as indicated by the dotted lines at Figure 13,
and when said hook 18 in its foremost position it seizes said pawl, and during the
next backward movement of the ribbon spool carries the hook will vibrate said
pawl rearwardly and cause it to engage with its ratchet wheel, and by reason of
the connections herein before described the driving pawl 139 will be simultaneously
thrown out of engagement with its ratchet wheel and thereafter the right hand
spool will become the winding spool.

page_text: In order to prevent said spool from being turned by hand in the wrong direction
the stop 160 is provided, which bears against the upper end of the slot in the spool
and positively checks auy fun ther rotation of said spool and insures that the
re-winding shall take place in the proper direction. As the spool is rotated by tho
pawl 142 the lowermost end of the slot 164 operates immediately to lift the finger 159
out of engagement with the spool, and after the spool has made one revolution and
the first layer of the ribbon covers said slot the finger will thereafter continue to
ride upon the successive layers of said ribbon and to thereby be gradually elevated
and operate in turn to raise the hook 154 correspondingly, as indicated at Figure 12;
which figure also shows that by means of the driving pawl 142 the spool is rotated
and the ribbon is moved longitudinally and wound on to said spool during the
forward movement of the spool and its carrier, and also that on the backward
movement of the latter the driving pawl maintains its engagement with the ratchet
wheel by gravity but descends to a lower tooth on said ratchet wheel in order to
obtain a fresh hold thereupon to effect another partial rotation of the spool during
the next forward movement thereof The rider or finger and the opening in the
spool, which permits the finger to drop suddenly to operate the switch mechanisin
promptly are features which may be employed in machines having a ribbon which
tiavels ouly longitudinally back and forth.
As soon
Inasmuch as the devices composing the reversing mechanism nie alike for cach
ribbon spool, it will be understood that when the right hand spool is being driven
to wind up the ribbon and the controlling finger thereon is ascending, the left hand
spool is disengaged from its driving pawl and is unwinding, and consequently that
the controlling finger at that spool 18 gradually descending, as the layers grow less,
and with it the pivoted arm and pawl operating hook which it controls
as the left hand spool becomes empty its finger or rider drops into its slot, sunilar
to 164, and the hook 166 grasps the diving pawl 139, and on the next rearward
widthwise movement of the ribbon this pawl is carried back and into engagement
with its ratchet wheel and the other pawl 142 simultaneously rocked out of
engagement with its ratchet wheel. At the same time the stop similar to 160 on
the left band finger arrests the further rotation of the left hand spool and insures
the re-winding of the ribbon upon said spool in the proper direction. As the
winding proceeds the left hand finger is first forced up out of the slot of the spool
and then rides upon the ibbon in the manner hei einbefore explained with reference
to the right hand spool, and during this time the left hand driving pawl 139
operates to periodically drive its ribbon spool step-by-step during the forward
movements of the spool and the ribbon. Thus the bbon is automatically
continuously reciprocated in the direction of its width and also in the duection of
its length until totally exhausted, and the mechanisms are such that the surface of
the ribbon is completely and uniformly utilized or won regardless of the length
of the ribbon.
It is apparent that in attaching new ribbons to the spools it is impossible to tuin
either spool backward and hence wind the ribbon in the wrong direction on account
of the presence of the stops 160, which permit the spools to wind only in one
direction always.
It will be understood that the ratchet wheel 111 which actuates the mechanism
that moves the ribbon crosswise is positively driven by the pawl 112 on the spring
drum during the rotation of the latter in the movement of the paper carriage from
right to left, but that said ribbon moving mechanism is not affected during the
return movement of the drum and the paper carriage, the pawl at this time simply
bobbing idly over the teeth of the ratchet wheel. Hence the crosswise movements
of the ribbon are not dependent upon the length of travel of the paper cari iage,
but on the contrary the ribbon moving mechanism is such that the ribbon is moved
its full distance crosswise in either direction before returning The gears 113
and 114 are adapted to move the ribbon from front to rear and back to the front
again in making one complete revolution.
It will be understood of course that in lieu of the crauk 118, its well-known

page_text: quivalent, an eccentric may be employed, and that other connecting devices
between said gears and the ribbon spool may be employed instead of those shown
The tension of the spring in the driving drum may be regulated by a toothed
whicol 167, with which engages four pins 168 on a disc 169 mounted on a shaft 170
provided with a band wheel 171, by turning which the power of the spring that is
connected at one end to the toothed wheel, may be conveniently increased or
diminished at will.
Various changes in detail construction and arrangement may be made without
departing from the gist of my several improvements, some of which may of course
be employed without the others.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a type writing machine, the combination of the platen carrier, the platen,
the pivoted hangers, the hollow spring-pressed feed roller, the feed roller shaft
igidly attached to oue of sand hangers and loosely connected at the other, and a
lever fast at the loose end of said shaft.
2. In a type writing machine, the combination of the platen carrier, the platen,
the pivoted hangers, the hollow spung-pressed feed roller, the feed roller shaft
rigidly attached to one of said hangers and loosely connected at the other, and a
les er fast at the loose end of said shaft and having a slight lost motion before
bearing upon its fulcrum.
3 In a type writing machine, the combination of the platen carrier, the platen,
the pivoted hangers, the hollow spring-pressed feed roller, the feed roller shaft
gidly attached to one of said hangers and loosely connected at the other, and a
lever last at the loose end of said shaft and having an arm extending rearwardly
beneath the back 1od of the platen carrier and a handle end extending upwardly
and forwardly.
4 In a type writing machine, the combination of a platen carrier, a platen, a
pair of brackets pivoted on the back rod of the platen cartier, a feed roller mounted
in said brackets, and a paper blade pivoted to the lower, inner ends of baid
biackets.
5. In a type waiting machine, the combination of a platen carrier, a platen,
a pair of pivoted brackets provided at their lower ends with a spring-pressed
feed roller, and a lever connected to the axis of said feed roller and adapted
to force the latter away from the platen.
6. In a type waiting machine, the combination of a platen carrier, a platen,
a spring-pressed feed roller supported by brackets pivotally hung upon the back
1od of the platen carrier, and a lever connected to said feed roller and adapted
to fulcrum upon the said back 1od to cast off said feed roller.
7 In a type waiting machine, the combination of a platen carrier, a platen,
a pair of brackets pivoted upon the back rod of the platen carter and supporting
a spring-picɛsed feed roller, and a cast-off lever connected at its lower end to
the axis of the feed roller and bearing between its ends upon the back rod of
the platen carrier.
8. In a type wuting machine, the combination of a platen carrier, a platen,
a block having a transverse opening and adjustable longitudinally on the front
platen carrier rod, an upwardly projecting support, an upwardly projecting head
both formed integial with said block but separated from each other, a screw
and nut for diawing these parts together and holding said block firmly upon
said rod, and a paper guide or finger attached at one end to the support and
then bent to conform substantially to the curvature of the platen.
9. In a type writing machine, the combination of a platen carrier, a platen,
a block having a transverse opening and provided with a tongue to engago a
groove in the front rod of the platen carrie and having also an upwardly

page_text: projecting support and an upwardly projecting head, a screw and nut, and a
curved paper guide.
10. In a type writing machiue, the combination of a platen carrier, a platen,
a paper roll, a pivoted holder for said roll, and a spring attached at one end
to sud holder and free at its opposite end, whereby said spring is adapted to
hold the roll against or away from the platen.
11. In a type writing machine, the combination of a platen carner, a paper
1oll, a pivoted holder therefor, a sping attached at its lower end to said holder
and extending up above sand roll, and stops for the free end of the spring
airanged on opposite sides of the axis of motion of the roll holder.
12 In a type waiting machine, the combination of a platen carrier, a platen.
a block mounted upon the front iod of the platen cainer and provided with
two projections on its underside, a paper roll, a roll holder mounted upon said
platen carrier rod, and a spring attached at its lower end to said holder and
bent so as to have its free end bear on the underside of said block nod play
between said stops
13. In a type waiting machine, the combination of a platen carrier, a platen,
a block adjustable upon the front rod of the platen carrier and provided on its
underside with two projections, a paper roll journaled in side plates pivoted
upon said iod and having projections at the upper ends, a bent spring attached
at one end to said plates and free at its other end to move between the said
stops on said block.
14. In a type writing machine, the combination of a power-driven paper
carriage provided with a feed rack, a pinion normally in engagement with said
feed hack and adapted to be rotated thereby during the feed of the carriage, a
second pinion geared to said first mentioned pinion so as to be driven thereby,
a ratchet wheel connected to the second pinion in a manner to be rotated by
it, and dogs for controlling the rotation of said ratchet wheel, and through the
piuions the movements of the carriage.
15. In a type writing machine, the combination of a power-driven paper
carriage provided with a feed rack, a pinion adapted to be driven by sand feed
rack and movable out of and into engagement therewith, a second pinion in
mesh with the first mentioned pinion, and an escapement mechanism connected
to the second pintou.
16. In a type writing machine, the combination of a power-driven paper
carriage baving a feed rack, a vibratory pinion normally in engagement therewith,
a second pinion, and a dog-controlled escapement wheel.
17. In a type writing machine, the combination of a power-diven paper
carriage having a feed rack, a pinion mounted upon a crank arm, a second
pinion in mesh therewith and mounted on a shaft arranged transversoly of the
plane of the rack, an escapement wheel also mounted on said shaft, and
controlling dogs for said escapement wheel
18. In a type waiting machine, the combination of a power-driven paper caringe
having a feed rack, a crank arm having a pinion normally in engagement with said
Jack, means for vibrating said crank arm and removing said pinion from said rack,
a companion pinion mounted on a shaft anauged transversely of the feed rack, an
escapement wheel also mounted on said shaft, and controlling dogs for said
escapement wheel.
19. In a type writing machine, the combination of a power-driven paper carriage
having a feed rack, a ciank arin bearing a pinion to engage with said rack, a sping
connected to said crank arın for holding said pinion normally in engagement with
said feed rack and for returning it thereto whon vibrated, means for vibrating said
crank arm and throwing the piou out of engagement with the rack, a companion
pinion mounted on a cross shaft, an escapement wheel also mounted on said shaft,
and controlling dogs for said escapenient wheel.
20. In a type wilting machine, the combination of a power-driven paper carriage

page_text: having a feed rack, a crank arm bearing a pinion, a companion pinion mounted on
a cross shaft containing also a fixed escapement wheel, controlling dogs for the
latter, a release key on the carnage, and connections between said icloase key and
said crank aim for vibrating the same and throwing the pinion thereon out of
engagement with the feed rack.
21 In a type writing machine, the combination of a power-driven paper carriage
having a feed rack, a spring-pressed crank an beating a pinion and having a
projection, a companion pinion mounted on a cross shaft beating also an escapement
wheel, dogs for controlling the latter, an arm for acting on said projection, a level
for acting on said arm, a rocking or tilting bai on the carriage for vibrating said
level, and a release key for 1oching or tilting said bar.
22. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper carriage having a
feed rack, a cross shaft having an escapement wheel and also a pinion, a dog for
the latter, a spring-actuated crank au loosely mounted on said shaft and having a
pinion and a projection, arranged on the opposite side of its axis of motion, an arm
for raising said projection, a tiansverse lever for raising said arin, a longitudinal
tilting bai on the carriago for raising said lever, and a release key lever also on
the carriage for raising said tilting bar.
23 In a type writing machine, the combination of a power-driven paper carriage
having a feed rach, a vertically arranged escapement wheel, intermediate gearing
connecting the said e-capement wheel to said carriage, and horizontally arranged
feeding and holding dog or dogs having a swing about a vertical axis or pivot and
connected to the finger-key mechanism.
24. In a type writing machine, the combination of a power-driven paper carriage
having a feed rack, a vertically aanged escapement wheel, intermediate gearing
connecting the said escapement wheel to said carnage, horizontally arranged
holding and feeding dogs, the feeding dog having a horizontal pivot, a vertical
stem of shaft having an oscillatory movement and carrying both of said dogs, and
a reciprocatory universal bai opeinted by the finger key mechanism and connected
to said vertical shaft oi stem so as to oscillate the same when the finger keys are
actuated.
25. In a type waiting machine, the combination of a power-diven paper carriage
having a feed rack, a vibratory pinion engaging therewith, a cross shaft bearing a
compamon pinion and a vertically arranged escapement wheel, a universal bar
actuated by the hinger key mechanism, a vertical shaft or spindle connected by a
crank aim at its lower end to said universal bar and bearing at its upper end
horizontally arranged holding and feeding dogs, the feeding dog having an
independent horizontal pivot.
26. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper-carriage, a line locking
contact device thereon, a longitudinally movable universal bar, and intermediate
means extending from said longitudinally movable universal bar up and into the
path of said line locking contact device, whereby the feeding and printing
mechanisms may be locked at the end of a line or column.
27. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper carriage provided
with an adjustable line locking contact device, a longitudinally movable universal
bar, and intermediate means extending therefiom up and into the path of said
adjustable line locking contact device.
28. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper carriage having a line
locking contact device, an aim extending in the path thereof and having a vertical
sbaft or axis, a universal bai, and a locking device on said shaft or axis for locking
the said universal bar and hence the printing and feeding mechanisms when said
arm is vibrated laterally by said line locking contact device.
29. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper carriage having an
adjustable line locking contact device, an arin attached at the upper end of a
vertical shaft and extending into the path of said contact device, a crank arm
attached at the lower end of said shaft and provided with a locking device, and a
longitudinally movable universal bar provided with a catch adapted to be engaged

page_text: by said device when the said arm 19 moved laterally by the contact therewith of
the said lime locking device on the carriage
30. In a type witing machine, the combination of a carriage having a line
locking contact device, a universal bar, a vertical oscillatory shaft provided with a
catch adapted to lock said universal bar and provided also at its upper end with a
borizontally pivoted aim extending into the path of said contact device, whereby
after said arm has been vibrated and the line locked it may be lifted to permit the
onward movement of said contact device and the carriage for the insertion of
additional characters.
31. In a type witing machine, the combination of a carriage having a line
locking contact device, and a swinging arm projecting in the path thereof and
connected to the feeding and printing mechanisms, the said aim being adapted to
lock the latter when moved by the contact device and being also adapted to be
lifted out of the path of said contact device to permit the punting of one or more
additional characters after the line has once been locked
32. In a type writing machine, the combination of a carriage having a line
locking contact device adjustable thereupon, and an intercepting arm having a
lateral, horizontal swinging movement and also a vertical swinging movement and
connected to the carriage feeding and painting mechanisms.
33. In a type writing machine, the combination of a carriage having an adjustable
line locking contact device, a vertical oscillatory shaft, an arm pivoted horizontally
upon the upper end of said shaft, a returning sping, a hooked crank aim at the
lower end of said shaft, a longitudinally sliding universal bar adapted to be engaged
by said hooked arm, a release bar extending longitudinally of the carriage and
under said horizontally pivoted arm, and a release key for lifting said bar.
34. In a type writing machine, the combination of a carriage having a line
locking contact device, an intercepting arm connected to the printing and carriage
feeding mechanisms, and a finger key mechanism for removing said intercepting
arm after the line has been locked for the purpose of enabling the printing of one
or more additional characters
35. In a type writing machine, the combination of a cartago provided with a
cariage stop, an aim connected to the frame work and projecting in the path of
said carriage stop and adapted to airest the forward movement of the carriage
36 In a type witing machine, the combination of a carriage provided with an
adjustable caiage stop, and an aim connected to the frame work and projecting
into the path of said stop, whereby the carriage may be arrested at predetermined
points.
37. In a type writing machine, the combination of a carriage provided with an
adjustable caringe contact stop, a horizontally pivoted arm connected to the frame
work and projecting into the path of said stop, whereby after the carriage has been
ariested the said arm may be lifted to escape the said stop and permit a further
movement of the carriage.
38. In a type writing machine, the combination of a carriage having a bell-
tripping contact device, a bell-operating aim or lever mounted on the frame work,
a bell, a pivoted hammer therefor, and a connecting rod between said hammer aud
said operating lever and slidably connected to the hammer, whereby an alarm is
Bounded only on the forward movement of the carriage.
39. In a type writing machine, the combination of a carriage having an adjustable
bell-tripping contact device, an operating level or arni pivoted to the frame work,
a bell, a pivoted hammer therefor, and a connecting rod attached at one end to said
operating lever and having a slotted connection at its other end to said hammer.
40. In a type writing machine, the combination of carriage feeding and printing
mechanisms, means for locking the same, a bell mechanism, and an adjustable
contact piece or projection mounted upon said carriage and adapted to cause the
alarm to be given, the carriage to be arrested and the printing mechanism to be
locked.
41. In a type writing machine, the combination of a carriage provided with an

page_text: adjustable marginal contact device, an arm projecting into the path thereof to
arrest the carriage in its return movement, said arm being also constructed to be
moved out of the path of said contact device after the carriage has been arrested
for the purpose of permitting the impression of characters within the margin.
42. In a type writing machine, the combination of a pair of contact devices, one
adjustable on the carriage and one on the frame, adapted to arrest the return
movement of the carriage at varying points, and a key mechanism adapted to
disengage said contact devices after stoppage of the carriage, to permit its further
movement to the night, for the impression of characters within the left hand margin
of the sheet.
43 In a type writing machine, the combination with a carriage having an
adjustable marginal contact device, of a horizontally pivoted arm projecting into
the path thereof, and an abutment for anid arm.
44 In a type writing machine, the combination of a carriage bar provided with
a series of teeth, a slide thereon having a projection, a spring-actuated dog, and a
finger piece for disengaging said dog.
45. In a type writing machine, the combination of a carriage bar having a series
of teeth, a slide dove-tailed upon said bar and provided with a projection, a dog
having a shank which bears a finger piece that projects upwardly through a slot in
said slide, and a spring for holding said dog in engagement with said teeth.
46. In a type writing machine, the combination with the paper carriage and its
feeding mechanism, of two contact devices, one arranged upon the frame work and
the other upon the carriage, to airest the step-by-step feeding of the carriage at
the end of a predetermined line, one of said contact devices being movable out
of the plane or path of the other after the airest of the carriage, and a key
mechanism arranged on the carriage and connected to said movable contact device,
so ns to remove it and its associated contact device aftor the stoppage of the
carriage and thereby permit a further feeding of the carriage and the printing of
additional characters.
47 In a type writing machine, the combination with a paper carriage and its
feeding mechanism, of an adjustable contact device on the carriage, a vertically
movable contact device on the frame work, and a tilting bai and a koy lever on
said carriage.
48 In a type writing machine, the combination with a paper carriage and its
feeding mechanism, of two contact devices, one on the carriage and the other on
the fiame work, one of said contact devices being independently movable, and the
carriage contact device being adapted to strike the frame contact device on both
of its sides, whereby the carriage may be arrested, in moving in both directions, by
the same devices.
49. In a type writing machine, the combination with the paper carriago and its
feeding and printing mechanisms, of a plurality of contact devices on one part of
the machine, and a single contact device on another part of the machine adapted
to said plurality of contact devices and operating to arrest the step-by-step feed
of the carriage and lock the printing mechanism a plurality of times in one
movement of the carriage from right to left and thereby facilitate the accurate
production of a plurality of columns widthwise of the sheet.
50. In a type writing machine, the combination with a paper carriage, of a
plurality of marginal contact devices on one part of the machine, a single contact
device on another part of the machine, the said contact devices operating to arrest
the return movement of the carriage at a plurality of points and thereby facilitato
the writing of aDy
number of lines to be written in any of the plurality of columns
determined by said contact devices.
51. In a type writing machine, the combination with a paper carriage, of a
plurality of contact devices on one part of the machine, a single contact device
on another part of the machine, the said contact devices being adapted to ariest
the carriage a plurality of times in either direction of its travel, and a key for
с

page_text: •
actuating the morable contact device to permit the continued feed of the carriage
after each stoppage.
52. In a type writing machine, the combination of a bell mechanism, and a
carriage having a plurality of adjustable contact devices, each adapted to stop the
carriage in either direction and to operate the bell or alarm prior to stopping
the carriage at the right hand end of a full line or column line.
53. In a type writing machine, the combination of a bell mechanism, a carriage
having a plurality of adjustable contact devices adapted to stop the carriage and
ring the bell a plurality of times during the forward movement of the carriage,
and a key for releasing the carriage after such stoppages.
54. In a type writing machine, the combination with the carriage, the printing
mechanism, and the alarm mechanısın, of an adjustable contact device on the
carriage adapted to first actuate the alarm and then lock the printing mechanism
55. In a type writing machine, the combination with the carriage, the printing
mechanism, and the alarm mechanism, of an adjustable contact device on the
carriage adapted to first actuate the alarm and then lock the printing mechanism,
and a contact device on the frame work connected to the
printing mechanism
and adapted to co-operate with the contact devico on the carriage and also arrest
the carriage on its return movement.
56. In a type writing machine, the combination of a paper carriage and its
feeding or escapement mechanism, a line locking device connected therewith, a
release key on said carriage adapted to release the cariage from the feeding or
escapement mechanism by a full movement and to unlock the line locking device
by a partial movement.
57. In a type writing machine, the combination with an inking bbon, of a pain
of bi-lobed geais suitably driven, a wrist pin connected thereto, and connections
between the latter and the ribbon, whereby the ribbon may be moved crosswise
back and forth with approximately a uniform motion
58. In a type writing machine, the combination with an inking ribbon, of a pair
of bi-lobed gears suitably driven, a crauk o eccentric, a connecting rod attached
at one end to the wrist pin thereof and connected at its other end by intermediate
means to the ribbon
59. In a type writing machine, the combination with an inking ribbon, of a pair
of bi-lobed gears, a pawl and 1atchet mechanisin for driving said gears, a crank or
eccentric connected thereto, a connecting rod, a ribbon spool, and a ribbon carrier
connected to said connecting rod.
60. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
bi-lobed gears, a pawl and ratchet mechanism for diving the same, a crank or
eccentric, a connecting rod, a locker aim, a rock shalt, a secoud rocker arm, a
ibbon carrier, and a ribbon spool.
61 In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a carriage
driving drum, a ratchet wheel arranged axially thereof, a driving pawl arranged
to turn with said drum, a bi-lobed gear arranged axially of said ratchet wheel, a
companion bi-lobed gear on a separate axis, a crank or eccentric mounted on the
said axis, a connecting rod attached at one end to the wrist pin thereof and at its
other end to a rocking level which in turn is attached to a sliding carrier, and a
ribbon spool adapted to slide back and forth with said carrier.
62. In a type writing machine nud in a mechanism employing a crank o
eccentric for moving an inking ribbon crosswise or widthwise, the combination
with the wrist pin, of a pair of bi-lobed gears arranged substantially as shown and
described, whereby the bhou is afforded a substantially uniform movement
throughout all positions of the wrist pin.
63. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a ribbon
spool, a ribbon carrier, an angle lever connected to the latter, a pitman or
connecting rod attached to the said lever at one end and to a wrist pin at the
other end, a pair of driving gears, a ratchet wheel connected to said gears, and

page_text: a driving pawl for said ratchet wheel connected to the rotatory carringe driving
drum.
64 In a type waiting machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ibbon spools, a pan of ribbon carners adapted to slide upon a pan of fixed shafts,
a pair of upright rocker arms, a horizontal lock shaft connecting said arms
together, a carriage diving dium, a diving pawl theicon, a ratchet wheel
mounted axially of said drum to be driven by said pawl when the drum revolves
in one direction, a pan of bi-lobed gears duiven by said 1atchet wheel, a ciank,
a vertically arranged connecting rod, and a horizontally arranged rocker arm
attached to said rock shaft.
65. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pan of
ribbon spools having ratchet wheels and adapted to both rotate and move longi-
tudinally, a pan of ribbon carriers connected to said spools and having also an
endwise movement, a pan of spool driving pawls adapted to alternately rotate said
spools, and means mounted upon said ribbon carriers for alternately moving said
pawls into engagement with said spools, said means being controlled by the ribbon
upon the spools and operative only when one of said spools is empty.
66. In a type waiting machine, the combination of an inking iibbon, a pan of
ribbon spools adapted to both 1otate and move longitudinally, a pan of ibbon
carriers connected to said spools and having also an endwise movement, a pair
of spool diving pawls adapted to engage the ratchet wheels on said spools, means
lor preventing both of said driving pawls from being in engagement with their
associated spools at the same time, a vertically movable pawl actuator arranged
at each ibbon spool adapted to be lifted gradually when the spool takes on
the ribbon and adapted to descend gradually as the spool pays off the ribbon,
the construction and arrangement being such that when the pawl-actuator on
one spool is sing during the rotation thereof the other pawl-actuator is
descending, and such that when the descent of the latter 18 completed or when
the ibbon is entirely unwound from its spool the said actuator is brought to
a plane o position whereat it is capable of moving its associated diving pawl
into cngagement with its ratchet wheel and to simultaneously move the opposite
pawl out of engagement with its ratchet wheel, whereby the movement of the
ibbon in the direction of its length may be automatically reversed.
67 In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools having ratchet wheels and adapted both to rotate and to move
longitudinally, a pair of pivoted hooks connected to travel with said spools in their
longitudinal movements and adapted to be vibrated about their pivots by the
increase and decrease of ibbon upon said spools, a pair of driving pawls adapted
to alternately revolve said spools step-by-step duing their longitudinal movements,
means for keeping one of said diving pawls out of engagement with its associated
ratchet wheel when the other 1 in engagement and is winding the bbou upon
its associated ribbon spool, the arrangement being such that the disengaged
diving paul may be thrown into engagement with its ratchet wheel, when the
ribbon ou the spool of the latter has been entuely discharged, and the opposite
driving pawl simultaneously disengaged from its ratchet wheel.
68. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbou spools having ratchet wheels and adapted to rotate and to move end wise,
a pair of connected diving pawls adapted to alternately rotate said spools
step-by-step in their end wise movements, a pan of ribbon cairiers connected
to said spools and having each a driving pawl-actuator controlled by the winding
and unwinding of the ribbon on the spools, the said actuators being arranged
to simultaneously work in opposite duections, oue moving outwardly as its spool
takes on ribbon, and the other inwardly as its spool pays off ubbon, so that when
the latter spool is exhausted the said actuator may be brought to a position
to operate upon its driving pawl and effect an engagement thereof with its ratchet
wheel and to simultaneously effect a disengageinent between the other ratchet
wheel and its driving pawl.

page_text: 69. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools having ratchet wheels, and adapted to rotate and also to move
end wise, a pair of ribbon carriers adapted to move with said spools, a pair
of hooks pivotally connected to said carriers and provided each with a finger
adapted to ride upon the ribbon on the spool and thereby vibrate said hooks,
and a pair of connected driving pawls adapted to alternately rotate said spools
and be thrown into and out of operative relation thereto by the said hooks.
70. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools having ratchet wheels and adapted both to rotate and to move
end wise, a pair of ribbon carriers adapted to move with said spools, an arm
pivoted to each of said carriers and provided with a pivoted hook and a finger
adapted to ride upon the bbon on the spool, and a pair of connected driving
pawls adapted to be alternately engaged with their respective ratchet wheels by
means of said hooks and when said ribbon spools are alternately emptied.
71. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools having ratchet wheels and adapted both to rotate and move endwise,
a pair of ribbon carricis connected to move with the ribbon spools, a pair of hooks
pivotally connected to said carriers and provided each with a finger adapted to ride
upon the ribbon on its associated spool, stops for limiting the descent of said hooks,
and a pair of connected diving pawls adapted to be alternatoly thrown into
engagement with their ratchet wheels by engagement therewith of the said hooks
and during the endwise movements of said carriers.
72. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools having ratchet wheels and adapted both to rotare and move endwise,
a ribbon carrier embracing each spool and adapted to move therewith, an arm pivoted
to each said carer, a hook pivoted to said arm, a finger rigidly connected to said
arm and adapted to ride upon the ribbon on the spool to effect the vibration of said
hook, and a pair of connected driving pawls adapted to be alternately actuated by
said hooks.
73. In a type wilting machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools having ratchet wheels and adapted both to rotate and move end wise,
a ribbon carrier embracing each spool and adapted to move therewith, each said
carrier having a pivoted hook and a stop to limit the descent thereof, a finger
connected to said hook and adapted to control its pivotal movements by contact with
the ribbon on the spool, and a pair of connected driving pawls adapted to be
alternately actuated by said hook.
74. In a type waiting machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools having ratchet wheels and adapted both to rotate and move end wise,
a ribbon carrier connected to move with each said ribbon spool, said carrier having a
vertical plate and flauges to form a ribbon guide, said plate having a cut-away and
a stop, an arm pivotally connected to said caier, a hook pivoted to said arm and
provided with a finger to ide upon the ribbon on the spool, and a pair of
connected driving pawls adapted to be alternately actuated by said pivoted
hooks.
75. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools having ratchet wheels and adapted both to rotate and move endwise,
a pair of pivoted driving pawls for said ratchet wheels, one of said driving pawls
having a projection extending below the pivot, a rocker arm engaging with said
projection on its outer side, another rocker arm engaging with the other driving
pawl above its pivot and on the inner side of said pawl, and a rock-shaft connecting
baid rocker arnis together.
76. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools having ratchet wheels and adapted both to rotate and move end wise,
a pair of pivoted driving pawls for said ratchet wheels, one of said driving pawls
having a projection extending below the pivot, a rocker arm engaging with said
projection on its outer side, another rocker aim engaging with the other diving
pawl above its pivot and on the inner side of said pawl, a rock shait connecting said

page_text: rockei armis together, and a catch-mechanism for holding said parts in either of the
two positions to which they may be moved.
77. In a type writing machine, the combination of an uking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools having ratchet wheels and adapted both to rotate and move end wise,
a pair of pivoted driving pawls to alternately rotate said spools, one of said driving
pawls having a projection extending below its pivot, a rocker aim acting on the
outer side of said projection, another rocker arm acting on the maer side of the
other diving pawl and above its pivot, a lock shaft connecting Baud rocker arms
together, and a spring-pressed cam adapted to act against a relatively-fixed catch
oi abutment and adapted to lock and unlock the paits automatically as the said
rocker arms are vibrated
78. In a type writing machine, the combination of a pair of connected rocker
arms aanged to simultaneously move a pair of pivoted ribbon spool driving pawls
in opposite directions, a spring-aim connected to said rocker arms, a cam thereon,
and a relatively-fixed roller to co-operate with said cam.
79. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ibbon spools having ratchet wheels adapted to rotate and move end wise, a pair of
pivoted spool-rotating driving pawls tending always to engage with their ratchet
wheels, and a pair of connected rocker aims for controlling the movements of said
driving pawls and so arranged as that when one driving pawl is moved out of
engagement with its ratchet wheel the other driving pawl is simultaneously permitted
to engage with its ratchet wheel.
80. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbou, a pair of
ribbon spools adapted to rotate and move end wise and having ratchet wheels, a pair
of ribbon cartiers connected to said spools, meaus for moving said ribbon spools and
ribbon carriers back and forth in the direction of the width of the ribbon, a pair of
alternately acting driving pawls for said ribbon spools, means connecting said
driving pawls together and holding one of them out of engagement while the other
is operating to turn its spool and move the ribbon lougthwise while the abbon is
moving widthwise, and a pair of driving pawl actuators on said ribbon carriers
having riders to tiavel upon the coils of the ribbon on said spools and control said
actuators and move them simultaneously in opposite duections and cause them to
alternately actuate their respective diving pawls upon the discharge of the ribbon
from then respective spools and thereby effect automatically a reversal of the
longitudinal movement of the ribbon.
81. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools, a pan of ribbon carriers, means for moving the ribbon, and means for
automatically reversing the longitudinal direction of movement of the inking ribbon,
the said last-mentioned means including fingers which ride upon the ribbon as it is
wound upon and unwound from the spools
82. In a type writing machine, as a means for preventing the inking ribbon
from being wound upon its spool in the wrong direction, a device adapted to ride
up and down upon the ribbon as the coils increase and diminish and adapted when
the ribbon is entirely unwound from the spool to engage with and lock the spool
against further rotation in the same direction, whereby the re-winding of the ribbon
upon said spool must be commenced by turning said spool in the reverse direction.
83. In a type writing machine, as a means for preventing the inking ribbon from
winding upon its spool in the wrong direction, a slot formed in said spool, and a stop
adapted to ide upon the ribbon and to drop into said slot when the ribbon is
unwound and to prevent any further rotation of said spool in the same direction.
84. In a type writing machine, the combination of an inking ribhou, a pair of
ribbon spools, each having a slot, driving pawls and ratchet wheels for rotating said
spools, means for moving said spools and the ribbon crosswise, pivoted hooks adapted
to alternately actuate said driving pawls and provided each with means adapted to
ride upon the ribbon on the spool to control the said hooks and to also check the
further rotation of the spool in the same direction when exhausted of its ribbon
85. In a type writing machine, the combination with a ribbon spool having an

page_text: opening, a longitudinally travelling ribbon, and switch or shifting mechanism, of a
finger or ride connected to the latter and arranged to travel upon the coils of the
ribbon and to drop into said opening in the spool when the latter is emptied, whereby
the reversing action may take place immediately the spool is exhausted.
Dated this 27th day of December 1894.
FELL & WILDING,
Agents for the Applicant.