Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 31st May, 1886.
Complete Left, 23rd Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 18th Feb., 1887.
I, WILLIAM MORGAN of Cannon Street, Birmingham in the County of Warwick
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates in part to an improvement upon Letters Patent granted to me
on the 10th day of June 1884 and numbered 8766, and my said invention consists
principally in an improved construction and production of drive chain, and also in
making the links of the said chain detachable, and I will first describe my invention in
connection with a chain composed of side parallel links connected together at one end
by a cross pin or bar, upon which an anti friction roller or short sleeve turns, the links
being preferably fastened or shaped from sheet metal.
I take a blank of the shape of a side link, but at one end longer than a link to he
made and at the other end to be broader and longer than that of a finished link. The
first named end I turn the metal upon itself, so as to form a boss, or a thickness double
that of the thickness of the metal of the link. The other end which is broader, I raise
into the form of a cup, with a gapped side presented to the longer direction of the
link, the internal diameter of the sunken part being of a size to receive a boss similar
to the one upon the other end of an adjacent link; the boss part upon one end, is upon
the reverse side of the cup part on the other end, so that when the boss at one end lies
within the cup of an adjacent link, the said links become lineable. Or the two ends of.
one link may be doubled and thus thickened, while the ends of the adjacent link are
cranked and cupped. The ends of these links are connected together by half round
pins and crossbars riveted or screwed at their outer ends. When screwed, the heads
of the pins are provided with necks, for unscrewing, so that the chain links can be
made detachable. These cross bars or pins within the links, are made round, by a
supplementary half round piece presented to the other half round, so as to form a
circular cross pin or bar; and surrounding this segmental pin a roller works, which
may be split or solid.
Instead of the links being made from two sides, and connected together by cross
pins at one or both ends, the said links may be shaped into an open link or Ū form,
with an expanded or broadened out closed end. Each terminal end of the open part

page_text: i
may be doubled upon itself to form the thickened boss, or the ends may be shaped
into hooks which are connected or engage with the cross bars of adjacent links, when
a detachable link is to be made. This form of link in which hooked ends are the
means whereby the adjacent links are connected together, is made with the axis ends
slightly cranked and sunken like, as already described. The sunken part is slightly
gapped at the end, through which a peg on the inside face of the hooked end of an
adjacent link, passes, in connecting the said end to an adjacent link. The links can
only be connected or disconnected when their sides make an acute angle. The stud
works within the cavity before named, while the face of the hooked end is presented to
the edges of the sunken part; the stud.thus named is only to prevent the accidental
detachment or displacement of the links, as no pressure or thrust is upon the
said pin.
The hooked ends of the links may be thickened like the bossed ends, by the folding
over of the metal as described.
The end bars of the links may be formed in one piece with each side of a link, thus
making or angle sides; the ends in putting a link together, come one upon each
other, thereby making the cross bar or cross bars at the end or ends of each link which
have all the wear, double the thickness. The terminal ends of these segmental bars
may be riveted or screwed through the opposite sides, or they may be connected
together by a clip described in one of my former patent applications. These cross
bars may carry rollers which are previously introduced before the sides are connected
together but if introduced subsequently, then the rollers are split.
To make the sides of the links lineable, the sides of the closed ends of the links are
cranked outwards to an extent equal to the breadth of the metal of the side of a link,
or equal to the breadth of the metal at the hooked end of an adjacent link. Thus the
inside breadth of the closed end of a link is equal to the combined breadth of the two
hooks, and a roller coming between them. The hooked ends which take upon the
cross bar or cross end partly encircled by the roller are prevented from becoming
detached, other than at a certain angle, by stops or shoulders formed near the junction
of the cranked part with the plain sides, thus preventing the hooked ends from being
connected or disconnected from the cross bar, other than at an acute angle.
Instead of employing the abutments or shoulders for the purposes as described, the
bar or bars are made D shaped or flattened on one side or both sides.
The roller which comes between the open hooked ends of the link; is of the same
inside breadth as the plain part of the link wherein the teeth of a wheel pass or
engage.
The means for preventing the disconnection, or the connection of the links, other
than at a certain angle, is the same as already described.
The bush or sleeve part instead of being continuous as described, may be divided
transversely, the opposed ends working within internally coned or stepped rollers; that
is, the roller is coned or stepped on its two opposite sides, wherein the opposed ends
of the divided sleeves seat themselves. Or the equivalent of the coned part may be
substituted by making the pivot or cross bar double tapered or coned, from the middle
to the ends, while the divided bush or sleeve is similarly internally coned, and works
upon the coned spindle, with the roller between or partially encircling them.
The divided sleeve is provided as before, with facets, with which the hooked ends
engage.
The roller which comes between the hooked ends, rotates in the same manner as an
ordinary roller.
Where the end bars of the links or the links themselves are made segmental, or even
where they are made in one piece, a clip may be made to encircle or partly encircle
them, so as to take the wear of the parts in frictional contact.
In a segmental link jointed at one end, with the bars of the other end overlapping
each other, I propose to make the said bars return to a limited extent, so that each
half end bar before named is made hook like with return hooked parts lying in the
same plane as the side bars.
When a complete sleeve in the before named form of link is substituted by a friction

page_text: clip, the flattened or facet parts with which the hooked ends engage, may be sc
arranged, that the clips may be changed in position, on one part or another part
having become worn, so as to return the chain to its normal pitch; that is, an unworn
part of the clip or continuous sleeve is brought into another position for the axial pin
to work against.
The rollers may if necessary be made of the full inside breadth of the links, with
annular grooves or channels formed wherein the hooks on the end of each alternate
link take; so that the hooks are linked to the rollers instead of to the cross bars. The
action of this roller is such. The contact of roller with the chain wheel, causes the
roller to revolve slightly in the same direction as that in which the link moves, thus
transferring the friction or wear; entirely or nearly so, to the inner portion of the.
hooks.
My invention consists further in making the intermediate links of a chain, cham-
bered or hollow, for the purpose of holding plumbago, oil or other lubricant. These-
intermediate links may be made in the form of a roller, or they may be made box form,
longer in one direction than in the other, so as to form oval or Hat link connections.
These links are preferably in the last named form divided longitudinally with the
open sides in juxta position, thus making an enclosed chamber made in two parts, in
which the joints or pins of the links in connecting the adjacent links, pass, and it is.
within these enclosures, that plumbago or other lubricant is stored. These box like
links are placed between ordinary side links which may be connected together by
screw pins, or by ordinary rivets.
The enclosed sides of the half box links may be made solid with the links themselves,
or they may be formed by independent side plates; and through apertures or holes
in these side plates, and through the chambered parts, the end bars or pins or rivets,
constituting end bars, pass. In the latter case, it is not necessary for the box links or,
chambered roller links to be divided or made in halves, as they may be made entire,,
or tubular, with the sides covered by the plates or lids; and further, the box or chan-
bered links may if necessary be made in one piece with the side links, instead of being
separate. Where links are so formed, I propose to encircle the box portion of the.
links by an anti friction roller; and further, the links themselves are connected
together by screws pins or rivers passing through the box ends and through the plain
ends of two opposite and adjacent links; and I wish to be observed that roller links
may be so chambered, as to be made to contain the requisite lubricant for lubricating
the spindles or axes or the ends of bars or the end links of chain, and also the internal
bearing surfaces of the rollers themselves.
The whole of the chain links may be made detachable by substituting screwed ends,
io the cross pins, instead of having riveted ends. When screwed ends are employed,
the opposite end is formed into a cheese head, and nicked crosswise; so that the screw
pin can be removed, and the chain links made detachable, so that links can be intro-
duced or withdrawn when desirable.
When the detachable chain is required for machinery of the heavier kind, or such
as necessitate arms, projections or other arrangements for carrying cross bars, buckets
of slats and the like, the links can be cast or forged in one piece; so that the friction
can be put upon the two parts instead of on one, the roller being split so as to admit
of being closed over the whole, with a friction clip or rollers intervening.
In order to increase the wearing properties of the chain, I interpose white or,
bearing metal between the said parts.
WILLIAM MORGAN.
By Henry Skerreti
6, Livery Street, Birmingham,
Agent to the Applicant.

page_text: I, WILLIAM MORGAN of Cannon Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
My invention relates to that class of chain commonly called drive chain, or chain
employed more particularly for the driving of velocipedes, although the said chain
may be used for communicating motion for driving purposes generally; and my said
invention consists in making the intermediate or alternate links, or the links through
which the connecting pivot bars or axial pins of the said links of a chain pass, box
like or hollow, for the purpose of holding solid oil, plumbago or other lubricant, for the
self lubrication of the bearings of the pivot cross bars or axial pins passing through
them or for the lubrication of other moving or wearing parts of the links of a
chain.
The alternate or intermediate pocket links are preferably made longer in one
direction than in the other, so as to form flat chamber like connections with the other
or intermediate links. Or the said lubricant carrying links may be made roller like,
or of the kind described in Letters Patent granted to me and bearing date the
Thirteenth day of March 1883 No. 1852.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings, the
manner in which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in plan, figure 2 in horizontal section, and figure 3 in longi-
tudinal vertical section, a drive chain, provided with alternate box or lubricant
carrying links, constructed or made according to my invention. Figure 4 represents
in longitudinal vertical section the two halves of the lubricant carrying link separately,
and figure 5 is a transverse section of the said separate link. Figure 6 is an inside
and outside view of one of the halves of the said link. Figure 7 is a transverse section
of the chain figure 1, on the dotted lines A B.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
and 7 of the accompanying Drawings.
aa are box links, wherein solid oil, plumbago or other lubricant is stored, for the
lubrication of the bearings of the movable parts, when the chain is in use: that is, the
lubricant stored up within the box or chamber links, is supplied to both the bearings
of the pivots or axial cross pins (which join up and joint the connecting parallel side
links to the said intermediate box links a) and to the bearing holes a³ wherein the
axes work; these box links a are divided longitudinally or in the direction of their
length, with their open sides presented to each other, so that on coming together as
shown at figure 2, they form chamber like recesses or hollow boxes with axial or pin
holes a passing transversely through them, and which said halves of the box links are
marked a while the hollows or chambered parts are marked a¹.
The pins or connecting axes b, upon which the box links turn, are provided at their
outer ends, with necks 2, which pass through suitable holes in the connecting side
links e with their terminal ends riveted.
The riveting of the ends affixes the side links to the other links, and makes the axial
cross pins, the joints upon which the box links turn, as centres, on the travelling of a
chain for communicating motion from a distance, or from one point to another.
Figure 8 represents another form of my invention, in which the alternate or inter-

page_text: mediate links of a chain, are made up of rollers, or roller links of the kind described in
Letters Patent granted to me the Thirteenth day of March 1883 and No. 1352.
Figure 9 represents a part horizontal section of the same, and figure 10 is a vertical
section, while figure I show front and side elevations of one of the roller links and
parts connected with it, separately.
at are box roller links, and a. are side plates or covering lids, with holes a there-
through, and through which the end bars of the links e pass, in connecting or joining
up one link with another; and within the space or hollow a enclosed by the lids or
sides a, lubricant 7 is stored, for supplying the wearing and bearing surfaces auto-
matically with the same, when the chain is in use..
By connecting the roller with the other links, in the way as described, the said
roller is free to rotate or move on the travelling of a chain, of which it forms one of
the links.
Figure 12 represents a flattened box link of the kind shown in figure 1,.but made
in one piece, and with its open sides provided with enclosing plates, having pierced
holes through which the end bars or pins of adjacent links, pass.
a is the link made in one piece, is the chamber wherein lubricant is stored, and
are enclosing side plates with holes a³.
(t
Figure 13 is a plan, figure 14 is a vertical section, and figure 15 is a horizontal
section of another form of chain made according to my invention, in which the side
links and box links are made in one or in one piece. Thus is a box or chamber for
containing lubricant, while is a side connecting link, and within the chamber of
the said hollow part, lubricant is stored, which lubricates the axis
and other wearing
and bearing parts of the chain.
Figure 16 shows in plan, part in section, another, form of self lubricant roller chain
made according to my invention.
a are rollers wherein lubricant is stored- are cross pins passing through the
middle of the said rollers; and which said pins connect together the adjacent side links e,
which have at one end, plate like enlargements, which come in front of, and close
the open sides of the rollers-♬ are supplementary cross pins for keeping the
combined roller and lubricating box central.
Figure 17 is a part section and part elevation of the said chain figure 16..
Figures 18 and 19 represent a similar link to that of figure 12, but with the side
enclosing plates of the lubricant carrying link made strong, or of considerable thick-
ness; that is, these side plates constitute the intermediate links, which take the tensile
strain of the chain, and at the same. time make the covers to the box links, which are
left free.
are the hollow lubricant links, & are the pins or axes, which connect the alternate
links with the intermediate links or covers.
Figure 20 (sheet 3) represents a modification of this last form, with the addition of
washers for keeping the roller central in roller links.
Figure 21 represents my new or improved lubricant link applied to a drive chain,
provided with shields or covers, which enclose or cover up, the teeth or cogs of a
chain wheel.
Figure 22 represents a side elevation parily in section of the said link figure 21, and
figure 23 shows an end view of the same.
Figure 24 and 25 represent my improvements applied to another form of chain, in
which the links of the chain themselves have depending underparts or snugs a', a³, which
engage with like depressions or holes formed within the periphery of a chain wheel;
and which said links carrying the snugs are made hollow, wherein, lubricant is stored.
Figure 26 is a plan of figure 24, and figure 27 is a plan of figure 25.
Figure 28 is a side elevation, and figure 29 a horizontal section of a detachable and
self lubricant refilling, chain, constructed according to my invention. The refilling
takes place through the screw hole or through a hole in the top of the box link, and
which is reclosed by a screw or screw pin.
Figure 30 shows my invention applied to an agricultural dredger or other carrying
chain.

page_text: Figures 31, 32 and 33 represent a chain or an intermediate chain link provided
with end pockets or recesses for the storing of lubricant, and which said inside ends
of the pocket are open, through which lubricant is supplied to the ends of the adjacent
links.
Figure 34 represents in elevation and section, a connecting screw pin, made fluted,
and within the channels or flutes, lubricant is stored.
Figure 35 represents a self lubricant ball chain made according to my invention.
By constructing and arranging chain as described, they are capable of carrying their
own means of lubrication, and the lubricant thus stored up within the box part, recesses
or pockets, is automatically delivered to the wearing and bearing surfaces when the
chain is in use.
Although I have described and represented that the principal object of my invention
is the construction or production of chain links, that carry their own lubricant, or
means of lubrication, yet I wish it to be understood that the whole of the chain
exclusive of figure 35, may be used as a drive chain without carrying a store, of
lubricant.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is,
First. A self lubricating chain, or a chain whose links or some of them carry their
own means of lubrication, or their own lubricant, and which said lubricant is stored up
within box like chambers, pockets or recesses, or their equivalents situated contiguous
or in close proximity to the bearing and wearing parts or surfaces of a chain, or the
links of a chain.
Secondly. Making the links or the alternate links of drive chain in the form of an
enclosed box or chamber or chambers, wherein lubricant is or may be stored, and
which said box link is made up of two half boxes a², with pin or axial bearing holes a³
passing transversely through them, as described and set forth in figures 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6 and 7; or in the form of undivided boxes or chambers (or enclosed chambers)
with detachable or enclosing sides or lids, having link or pin holes passing through
them, as in figures 12, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 29 and 30 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Thirdly. In a self lubricant drive chain. The modifications herein described and
set forth in figures 13, 14 and 15.
Fourthly. A roller box link carrying its own lubricant for drive chain; the con-
struction and combination of hollow roller links with side plates or links or enclosing
lids, for covering up the open sides of the lubricant or hollow links; and also for
taking the tensile strain of the chain, and which said enclosing side plates or links are
provided with holes through which the ends of adjacent links or the pins of adjacent
links pass, in joining one link to another, substantially as described and set forth in
figures 8, 9, 10, 11, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 26 and 27.
Fifthly. The modifications as described and set forth in figures 31. 32 and 33, in
which the pockets containing lubricant are situated at the ends of the links. Also the
modification of the pin shown at figure 34, which is fluted, and within the flutes of
which, lubricant is stored.
Sixthly. The construction of drive or carrying chain, without carrying lubricant,
consisting of side links, with intermediate box and roller links, and also side links with
box or roller links, having enclosing side covers or sides, which form supplementary
links with the primary side links, substantially as described and set forth in the whole
of the figures of the Drawings; with the exception of figures 31, 32, 33, 34 and 35.