Improvements in Swimming-baths.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 5th Nov., 1890-Accepted, 6th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Swimming-baths.
CHARLES HENRY ROSHER of 9 Victoria Street S.W. in the County of London,
Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improved systems of heating and maintaining the water
of swimming baths by means of continuous circulation filtration and aëration (which
systems may be employed separately or in combination as required) and also to
appliances or apparatus for carrying the same into effect.
As in the case of previous inventions for which Letters Patent have been granted
to me (No. 16760 of 1886 No. 5773 of 1887 and No. 7426 of 1888) I employ a
system of forced circulation of the water from and to the bath and which essentially
consists of a pump the suction pipe of which is connected to the bath so as to deliver
the water thereto in the manner described in the Specifications relating to the
aforesaid Patents.
According to my present invention the water supplied to the bath may be warmed
by means of a steam-jet apparatus, preferably interposed between the pump and the
bath or by means of a heater similarly interposed, the service pipe for the supply of
cold water to the bath being also connected to the same pipe so that only one inlet
to the bath is necessary.
33
In the case of a steam-jet apparatus of the forcing type being used provision must
be made for the contraction in the pipe where the "receiving cone occurs. This
I effect by means of a bye-pass pipe with two connections to the delivery pipe.
Where it is undesirable to put the circulating pipes in a channel formed in the
floor of the bath, I build or place earthenware or other pipes in the floor of the bath
during the construction of the same which pipes are open to the bath at the shallow
end and are connected at the deep end of the bath with a box or chamber formed of
cast iron or other material and of suitable size and shape to take both the inlet, outlet
(waste) and circulating pipes and provision can be made also in the same for a waste
grating which can be opened or closed as desired. This method of construction is
well adapted for use in baths which are already in existence and if necessary the
circulating pipe may be omitted. Where the water enters the bath, I may place a
deflecting contrivance to distribute the same.
Another modification for heating the water in bath is by means of a steam-jet
apparatus placed within a box or chamber built into the wall of bath as before
described. The cold water enters an outer space in the chamber and is heated and
forced by steam through a "receiving cone in said chamber, into the bath, thus
causing both circulation and heating.
"
Where a filter is used the ends of circulation pipes are closed by means of a shutter
grid or other suitable arrangement and the overflow water passes through the filter
from whence it is returned to the bath by the pump being aerated by means of nozzles
of suitable construction placed in the pipes from the overflow to the filter-and from
the pump to the bath.
In cases where I deliver water to the bath through spreading cones or plates
placed in the floor of the bath as described in my Specification No. 5773 of 1887,
the box or chamber built into wall of bath at deep end would be furnished with an
open grating only.
Dated this Fifth day of February 1890.
CHARLES H. ROSHER,
9, Victoria Street, London, S.W.

page_text: Improvements in Swimming-baths.
CHARLES HENRY ROSHER now of 33 George Street, Croydon, in the County of
Surrey, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to improved systems of heating and maintaining the water of
swimming baths in an efficient state for use by means of continuous filtration and
aëration (which systems may be employed separately or in combination as required)
and also relates to appliances or apparatus for carrying the same into effect.
As in the case of previous inventions for which Letters Patent have been granted
to me as follows: No. 16760 of 1886, No. 5773 of 1887 and No. 7426 of 1888,
1 employ a system of forced circulation of the water from and to the bath and which
essentially consists of a pump, the suction pipe of which is connected to the bath or
purifying apparatus as required and the delivery pipe is connected to the bath so as
to deliver the water thereto in the manner described in the Specifications relating to
the aforesaid Patents.
According to my present invention the water supplied to the bath may be warmed
by means of a steam jet apparatus preferably interposed between the pump and the
bath in the delivery pipe, or by means of a heater similarly interposed; the service
pipe for the supply of cold water to the bath being also connected to the same pipe
so that only one inlet to the bath is necessary.
This I
In the case of a steam jet apparatus of the forcing type being used provision must
be made for the contraction in the pipe where the receiving cone occurs.
effect by means of a bye-pass pipe with two connections to the delivery pipe.
When it is undesirable to put the circulating pipes in a channel in the floor of
the bath, I build or place earthenware or other pipes in the floor of the bath during
the construction of the same, which pipes are open to the bath at the shallow end
and are connected at the deep end of the bath with a box or chamber formed of cast
iron or other material, built into the bath wall and of suitable size and shape to take
both the outlet, inlet and circulating pipes, and provision can be made also in the
same for a waste grating, which can he opened or closed as desired.
This method of construction is well adapted for use in baths which are already
in existence and if necessary the circulating pipe or pipes may be carried outside the
walls of the bath or altogether omitted.
To the orifice of the delivery pipe, where the water enters the bath, I may fit a
deflector of circular or other suitable shape or form to direct the flow of the water
and distribute the same in the bath to the best advantage.
Another modification for heating the water in the bath is by means of a steain-jet
apparatus placed in a box or chamber built in the wall of bathi as before described.
The cold water is drawn from the bath into an outer space in the chamber, is heated
and forced, by the steam-jet, through a receiving cone in the said chamber, back
into the bath; thus causing circulation and heating.
Where it is decided to maintain the water by means of continuous filtration and
aëration the ends of circulation pipes are closed and the overflow passes through a
pipe into a filtering and aërating apparatus from whence it is returned to the bath by
the pump.
In cases where I deliver water to the bath through spreading cones or plates,
placed nearly flush with floor of the bath as described in my Specification No. 5773
of 1887-the box built in the wall of the bath at the deep end would be furnished
with an open grating only, and be modified in form to suit the arrangement of the
pipes.

page_text: of the drawings, for heating the water on its passage to the bath from any source of
supply.
(5) In a swimming bath the arrangement within a box or chamber built into the
wall of the bath, of a steam-jet heater as shewn and described in Figure 8 of the
drawings.
JW 1900
CHARLES H. ROSHER.

page_text: igure 2 is a central longitudinal section of the same.
Figure 3 is a plan partly sectional of a swimming bath shewing a different
arrangement and
Figure 4 is a central longitudinal section of the same.
Figure 5 is an enlarged section through wall box shewn in Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 6 is an enlarged view of wall box shewn in Figures 3 and 4.
Figure 7 shews a similar wall box of different construction.
Figure 8 is a section of a wall box and steam nozzle and receiving cone fitted
within it.
Figure 9 shews detail of heater of non-forcing type C shewn in Figures 2 and 4.
Figure 10 shews detail of bye-pass in delivery pipe, when a steam-jet heater of the
forcing type is employed.
The same letters of reference indicate the same or corresponding parts in all the
figures.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2 of the above a is the pipe conducting steam from a
boiler to the heater c interposed in the delivery pipe, (of which a detail is shewn to
an enlarged scale in Figure 9) is a cold water service pipe in connection with the
source of supply, which enters the delivery pipe ', the mouth of which opens into
the bath near the bottom at the deep end, is the aërating nozzle, e is a box or
chamber of cast iron built into the wall of the bath to receive the delivery, waste
and circulation pipes (detail of which is shewn in Figure 5) fis a circulation pipe
which conveys the water from the shallow end of the bath, through the hit and miss
gratings for the overflow pipe f (the orifice of which opens into the overflow
channel and may be closed when necessary by means of a bob or flap), to the
chamber e, is a spray producer" in connection with the delivery pipe b', ) is a
pipe for conveying the waste water away from the bath and is provided with a
valve for opening and closing same.
for
Attached to the waste pipe is a branch pipe connected with the suction of the
pump. On the vertical pipe 2 is a branch pipe & in connection with the filter o. In
order to regulate the supply of water to the pump 1 provide a valve ja on the vertical
pipe this being requisite when it is desired to draw water from the filter by the
branch instead of direct from the bath. h is an overflow channel (preferably
formed in the wall of the bath) one end of which, or otherwise is in connection
with, and conveys the overflow water to a pipe in connection with the filter o
which is of any suitable character. At the end of pipe 1 provide a valve
regulating the supply of overflow water to the filter. The pump I prefer to use is
of the pistonless type, such for instance as that commonly known as the "Pulsator."
I will now proceed to describe the action of the apparatus with reference to
Figures 1 and 2, 5 and 9--the waste valvej being closed and the water supply being
turned on by opening a valve on the pipe flows through the delivery pipe 6' into
the bath, in so doing it passes through the heater c into which a jet of live steam is
thrown from the pipe a, the steam mingles with and is condensed into the incoming
water and thus the water enters the bath at whatever temperature is required. This
process continues until the bath is full to overflow level or is sufficiently warmed.
The filling valve being closed and steam being shut off from the heater c the pump
is then set to work to circulate & aërate the water; this operation is performed as
follows-The hit and miss grating a being closed and the gratings f,f, opened
and the valve opened steam is admitted to the pump through the pipe which
then draws the water from the shallow end of the bath through the gratings,
via the pipe, the box e, and the pipes and j, and returns it to the bath at the
deep end via the delivery pipe . By closing the gratings, and opening the
pipe the water will be drawn from the overflow h. If during this circulation
process it is desired to increase the temperature of the bath steam is turned on to
l

page_text: the heater and similarly if it is desired to aërate the water air is admitted by
opening a cock in connection with the aërating nozzle d.
When it is desired to filter as well as circulate the water, the pipe f2 is closed
and the valve being opened the overflow water passes via the pipe ¹ into the
filter o.
From thence it is drawn through branch pipe into the pump and
redelivered into the bath by the delivery pipe &¹.
When desired a spray may be produced at the deep end of the bath by allowing
some of the water delivered by the pump to pass cia a branch pipe into a perforated
pipe g carried across the end of the bath near the water level, such spray will assist
in driving scum towards the overflow at the opposite end of the bath.
is
Referring to Figures 3, 4, 6 and 9, the operations of heating, circulating, aërating
and filtering are similarly performed with the exception that the delivery pipe
carried up the floor of the bath in a channel provided for the purpose and the water
is delivered through branches at intervals to which are attached spreading cones or
plates ².
i
The circulation pipe ƒ is omitted and the overflow is at the deep end of the bath.
Referring to Figure 8 the type of heater here shewn would be adapted for heating
sea-water baths where circulation pipes are likely to become choked or fouled with
deposits its operation is as follows:-Steam is turned into the nozzle, the water is
drawn through the annular space y and forced back into the bath at an increased
temperature, through the receiving cone. This apparatus is of simple construction
and is easily accessible for cleansing, This type of heater may also be used in
conjunction with a delivery pipe and spreaders 12.
Referring to Figure 9 which is a section of a steam-jet heater of non-forcing
type, (which is interposed in the pipe which delivers the water to the bath) steam
is admitted to the apparatus by a pipe a and issues into the pipe through the
annular orifice a' and is condensed into the water passing from the pump-or source
of supply towards the bath. The construction of a heater in this form permits of a
full waterway being used in the pipe 6.
Referring to Figure 10. In cases where it is preferred to employ a steam-jet
heater of the forcing type, instead of a heater of the type shewn in Figure 9, it would
be necessary to allow for the contraction of the receiving cone z, and to provide a
continuous full way through the delivery pipe when the pump is at work.
Instead of interposing the heater directly in the pipe 1 place it as shewn in
connection with two branches c¹, e², the said branches and heater forming the
bye-pass.
Referring to Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8, which illustrate various types of wall boxes.
In order that they may be the more securely built in and the risk of leakage
obviated, I provide them with projections or fillets e¹ e¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
(1) In a swimming bath the combination and arrangement of pump, suction, and
delivery pipes, filling branch steam-jet heater, and spray producer substantially as
described.
(2) In a circulating system comprising a pump connected to a swimming bath
by suction and delivery pipes, the interposition between the pump and the delivery
to the bath of a steam-jet heater, for the purpose of heating the water substantially
as described.
(3) In a swimming bath the employment of a wall-box or chamber built into the
wall of the bath to take inlet, outlet,
described.
and
or
circulating pipes, substantially as
(4) In a swimming bath the form of heater shewn and described in Figure 9