IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINDLES AND FLYERS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Paul, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Mechanic, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SPINDLES AND FLYERS."
Sealed the 5th August 1859, and dated the 21st February 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Paul at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st February 1859.
I, GEORGE PAUL, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN SPINDLES AND FLYERS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to the connecting or fixing together the spindles and
flyers used in various machines, such as "doubling frames," "throstles," and
others employed in the manufacture or treatment of fibrous materials. The
mode of fixing a spindle and flyer together, which forins the subject of this
Invention, is susceptible of various modifications, according to one of which
the spindle end is formed with a taper fitting a tapered socket formed in the
flyer boss, the flyer being held in its place by a pin fixed in the end of the spindle,
and which pin is passed through a groove in the socket of the flyer boss, and
[Price 8d.1

page_text: then turned round-so.as to lock it. The outer edge of the flyer boss.which
bears against the pin is inclined in opposite directions on each side of the
groove, so that the turning round of the spindle in the flyer boss in either
direction causes the pin to jau or wedge the flyer fast on the spindle. This
mode of fixing is thus equally secure in whichever direction the strain upon
the flyer may act.
According to another modification two pins may be fixed in the spindle (or
one pin may be made to project on both sides), the flyer boss being formed
with duplicate grooves and inclined edges to correspond.
In another modification, the pin in the spindle, instead of being passed com-
pletely through the flyer boss, may be arranged to lock in an inclined groove
cut through the side or in the body of the flyer boss.
According to another modification, the pin or pins may be fixed in the flyer
boss, an inclined locking groove or inclined locking grooves being formed in
the spindle.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Paul in the Great Scal Patent Office on the
20th August 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
PAUL, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Mechanic, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eiglit hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the.
said George Paul, Her special licence that I, the said George Paul, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George
Paul, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINDLES
AND FLYERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George
Paul, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe

page_text: and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Paul, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the saine is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say-
1365
My said Invention relates to the connecting or fixing together of the spindles
and flyers used in various machines, such as "doubling frames," throstles,"
and others employed in the manufacture or treatment of fibrous materials.
The mode of fixing a spindle and flyer together, which forms the subject of
this Invention, is susceptible of various modifications, according to one of
which the spindle end is formed with a taper, fitting a tapered socket formed
in the flyer boss, the flyer being held in its place by a pin fixed in the end of
the spindle, and which pin is passed through a groove in the socket of the
flyer boss, and then turned round so as to lock it. The outer edge of the
flyer boss which bears against the pin is inclined in opposite directions on each
side of the groove, so that the turning round of the spindle in the flyer boss-
in either direction causes the pin to jam or wedge the flyer fast on the spindle.
This mode of fixing is thus equally secure in whichever direction the strain
upon the flyer may act.
According to another modification, two pins may be fixed in the spindle
(or one pin may be made to project on both sides), the flyer boss.being
formed with duplicate grooves and inclined edges to correspond.
In another modification, the pin in the spindle, instead of being passed com-
pletely through the flyer boss, inay be arranged to lock in an inclined groove
cut through the side or in the body of the flyer boss.
According to another modification the pin or pins may be fixed in the flyer
boss, an inclined locking groove or inclined locking grooves being formed in
the spindle.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood and
carried into effect, I have delineated upon the accompanying Sheet of ex-
planatory Drawings, and shall now proceed to describe, certain examples of
spindles and flyers made with my improved fastening contrivance, premising
that the same reference letters mark the same or like parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 on the Sheet of Drawings is an elevation, and Figure 2 is a plan

page_text: of a-spindle and flyer with one modification of the fastening. The spindle A
has its upper end B formed with a taper, and the boss Cof the flyer Dis formed
with a correspondingly tapered eye or socket to fit the spindle. A pin E is
fixed in the spindle end B, so as to project on one side, and to enable the flyer
boss C to be passed over this pin, the eye or socket of such boss is formed with
a vertical groove at one side. The upper edge of the boss C is inclined
upwards on both sides from the point at which the groove emerges, and the
pin E after being passed through the groove is turned round in either direction
according to the direction in which the spindle is to be turned, and by its
action on the inclined edge of the boss jams or wedges the flyer firmly on
the spindle. Figure 3 is an elevation of a spindle with a fragment of its
flyer, in which the pin E is not arranged to be passed completely through the
boss C of the flyer D, but a groove F is cut in or through this boss C, and is
formed with two branches presenting inclined edges or surfaces similar to
those formed on the top of the boss in the modification represented in Figures 1
and 2. When the pin has entered up the vertical part of the groove F, it is
turned up
either branch accordingly as the spindle is intended to be turned in
one direction or the other. Figure 4 is an elevation of a spindle and flyer
with another modification of the fastening, and Figure 5 is an elevation of the
spindle end B with the flyer removed. In this example the pin E is fixed in
the boss C of the flyer D, and projects inwards so as to enter a groove F,
formed in the spindle end B, as shown in Figure 5. This groove F comprises
a vertical portion and two branches presenting edges or surfaces inclined so as
to jam or wedge the flyer boss firmly on the spindle when the pin E is made
to enter either branch. As in the other examples the pin is entered into the
branch corresponding to the direction in which the spindle is to turn, that is,
into the one into which the working strain will tend to jam it more firmly.
It may, however, be remarked that the flyer will fix itself properly with the
working strain if left loose or if improperly fixed. The spindle end Baud
the socket of the flyer boss C may be made cylindrical, but it is preferred to.
taper them, as a proper fit is thereby more easily obtained.
Having thus particularly described my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, I have to state that I
donot restrict myself to the precise details herein-before describedor delineated,
and that I do not claim to have invented every separate detail herein-before
described and delineated; but that what I consider to be novel and original,
and claim as secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent, is, the fixing of flyers upon spindles by means of a pin or pins, acting

page_text: described.
Tostantiany as
erein-berore
In witness whereof, I, the said George Paul, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
GEORGE PAUL. (L.S.)
Witness,
GEORGE G. REID,
Clerk to Edmund Huut, Patent Agent,
28, St. Enoch Square, Glasgow.