IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS USED FOR COATING METALLIC SURFACES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Boffey, of Her Majesty's Dockyard at Sheerness,
in the County of Kent, Engineer, and Charles William Smith, of No.
19, Buckingham Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Gentle-
man, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS USED FOR COATING
METALLIC SURFACES."
Sealed the 20th March 1866, and dated the 27th September 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Boffey and Charles
William Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 27th September 1865.
We, JOHN BOFFEY, of Her Majesty's Dockyard at Sheerness, in the
County of Kent, Engineer, and CHARLES WILLIAM SMITH, of No. 19,
Buckingham Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Iuvention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COMPOSITIONS USED FOR COATING METALLIC SURFACES," to be as follows:-
The composition or compositions which form the subject of this Inven-
tion are intended for economising the heat imparted to boilers. steam
pipes, cylinders, and other metallic surfaces, by preventing the con-
duction and radiation of heat from them. The said compositions are also
used to preserve metals from oxidation or tendency thereto. The
[Price 8d1

page_text: durability of the compositions and the cheapness of the materials
employed add greatly to the utility of the Invention.
In coating boilers and the upper parts of the inside of iron ships two
compositions are employed, one for the first coat or covering next to the
metal, the other for the second and subsequent coat or coats. The first
coat is to be about one-eighth of an inch thick; pieces of slate or oyster
or other shells should be stuck into the composition whilst it is soft, and
the whole should be allowed to dry for 2 or 3 days. The materials are
1 cwt. of mastic, 5 cwt. of whiting, about 14 gallons of linseed oil. The
mastic and whiting are to be mixed together, and the linseed oil added
until the composition becomes of the consistency of putty. Before this
coat is applied a little oil should be rubbed over the surface of the iron.
The second coat is to be about balf an inch in thickness; when this coat-
ing has set a third similar coating is to be given of a similar thickness,
and composed of the same materials; other coatings of this composition
may be given. The materials employed for the second and subsequent
coating or coatings are 1 cwt. of Roman or Portland cement, 3 cwt. of
sand, 10 lbs. of cowhair; these materials are mixed with water to the con-
sistency of putty, and are applied with a plasterer's trowel, as for
plastering a wall.
For coating steam pipes or cylinders two compositions are also used.
The coverings are applied in the same manner as those for coating boilers.
The materials used for the first coating are 2 quarters (56 lbs.) of white
lead, 1 cwt. of mastic, 4 cwt. of whiting, linseed oil. The linseed oil is
to be added to the mixture of white lead, mastic, and whiting until the
composition becomes of the consistency of putty; slate or shells are used
as above with this coating. The materials used for the outer coatings
are 1 cwt. of Roman cement, 2 cwt. of sand, 20 lbs. of cowhair. Sufficient
water is added to reduce these materials to a paste of the consistency of
putty.
For coating the bilges of iron ships to prevent oxidation two composi-
tions are also employed; they are applied in a similar manner to that set
forth in coating boilers. The materials in the first coating are 1 cwt. of
mastic, 3 cwt. of whiting, 2 quarters (56 lbs.) of dry white lead, 2 quarters
of mixed white lead (white lead paint). This composition is also to be
applied with the addition of slate or shells as described above. The
materials which we prefer to employ for the second and subsequent cont
or coats in connection with the above-mentioned first coat are 1 cwt. of
Roman cement, 2 cwt. of sand. No hair is required in this composition,

page_text: and sufficient water is to be added to reduce the materials to the consis-
tency of putty. This composition used alone, however, forms no part of
our Invention.
The proportions herein stated are those recommended, but they may be
considerably departed from without interfering with the principle of the
Invention. Modificatious in the method of mixing the materials and
applying them to the surfaces to be encased or protected may be intro-
duced without impairing the efficiency of the Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Parent, filed
by the said John Boffey and Charles William Smith in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 27th March 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
BOFFEY, of Her Majesty's Dockyard at Sheerness, in the County of Kent,
Engineer, and CHARLES WILLIAM SMITH, of No. 19, Buckingham Strect,
Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the 29th year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto us, the said John Boffey and Charles William Smith, Her special
license that we, the said John Boffey and Charles William Smith, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
John Boffey and Charles William Smith, our executors, administrators,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS USED FOR COATING
METALLIC SURFACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said John Boffey and Charles William Smith, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals,
or under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Boffey and Charles William
Smith, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:-
Our said Invention relates to the use of certain peculiar compositions
to be applied to metallic surfaces for the purposes of economising the
heat imparted to boilers, steam pipes, cylinders, other metallic surfaces,
by preventing the conduction and radiation of heat therefrom; also to
the use of certain compositions for preserving metals from oxidation or
tendency thereto. The durability of the compositions and the cheapness
of the materials employed add greatly to the utility of our Invention.
In coating boilers and the upper parts of the inside of iron ships we
employ two compositions, one for the first coat or covering next to the
metal, the other for the second and subsequent coat or coats. The first
coat is to be about one-eighth of an inch thick; pieces of slate or oyster
or other shells should be stuck into the composition whilst it is soft, and
the whole should be allowed to dry for two or three days. The materials
for this composition are 1 cwt. of mastic, 5 cwt. of whiting, and about
14 gallons of boiled linseed oil. The mastic and whiting are to be mixed
together, and the boiled linseed oil added until the composition becomes
of the consistency of putty. Before this coat is applied a little linseed
oil should be rubbed over the surface of the metal. The second coat is
to be about half an inch in thickness; when this coating has set a third
similar coating is to be given of a similar thickness, and composed of the
same materials; other coatings of this composition may be given. The
materials employed for the second and subsequent coating or coatings
are 1 cwt. of Roman or Portland cement, 3 cwt. of washed sand, 10 lbs.
of cowhair; these materials are mixed with water to the consistency of
putty, and are applied with a plasterer's trowel, as in plastering a wall.
For coating steam pipes or cylinders two compositions are also used.
The coats are applied in the same manner as those for coating boilers.
The materials used for the first coating are 2 qrs. (56 lbs.) of white lead,
1 cwt. of mastic, 4 cwt. of whiting, boiled linseed oil. The linseed oil
is to be added to the mixture of white lead, mastic, and whiting until the
composition becomes of the consistency of putty; slate or shells are used
as above with this coating. The materials used for the outer coatings
are 1 cwt. of Roman cement, 2 cwt. of washed sand, 20 lbs. of cowhair.
Sufficient water is added to reduce these materials to a paste of the con-
sistency of nutty.

page_text: For coating the bilges of iron ships to prevent oxidation two composi-
tions are also employed; they are applied in a similar manner to that set
forth in coating boilers. The materials in the first coating are 1 cwt. of
mastic, 3 cwt. of whiting, 2 qrs. (56 lbs.) of dry white lead, 2 qrs. of mixed
white lead (white lead paint). This composition is also to be applied
with the addition of slate or shells as described above. The materials
which we prefer to employ for the second and subsequent coat or coats in
connection with the above-mentioned first coat are 1 cwt. of Roman
cement, 2 cwt. of washed sand. No hair is required in this composition,
and sufficient water is to be added to reduce the materials to the consis-
tency of putty; this composition used alone, however, forms no part of
our Invention.
The proportions herein stated are those which we have found to give
the best results, but they may be varied without interfering with the
principle of the Invention. Modifications in the method of mixing the
materials and applying them to the surfaces to be encased or protected
may be introduced without impairing the efficiency of the Invention.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the application to boilers, steam cylinders, steam pipes, and other
metallic surfaces, with a view to the economizing of heat by preventing
radiation from such surfaces, of the peculiar compositions herein-before
described.
Second, the coating or covering of metallic surfaces with a view to
their preservation from oxidation with the peculiar compositions herein-
before described.
Third, the manufacture of the herein described peculiar compositions
for the purposes specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles William Smith, on behalf of
myself and the said John Boffey, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, the Twenty-sixth day of March, One thousand eight hundred
and
C. W. SMITH. (L.S.)