Improvements in Hydraulic Presses.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Feb., 1887
Complete Left, 12th Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 13th Dec., 1887
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Presses.
I LOUIS RUDOLPH BODMER of 2 Lansdowne Road Notting Hill in the County of
Middlesex Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The said invention has for its object certain improvements in or modifications of
the construction of the Hydraulic cylinder and Ram whereby facility is afforded for
the insertion or placing of new Ram leathers into and the removal of worn or
defective leathers from the cylinder, without removing the ram.
For this purpose the cylinder is lengthened to permit of the Ram being lowered
to below the leather groove. When the Ram is in this position a new leather is
inserted. The Rain is then raised in any convenient manner for example by an
eyebolt to its normal position. A slot or groove is formed in the bottom of the
ram and a stop plate fitting loosely into the slot when tho Ram is down is secured to
the cylinder bottom. When the Ram is raised to its normal height it is turned
round till its slot stands at right angles with the stop plate upon which the ram now
rests. If desired a screw may be substituted for the stop plate for raising and
supporting the ram.
Another modification consists in suspending raising and lowering the Ram from a
loose Ram-top by means of a headed scrow spindle passing therethrough and
screwing into the body of the ram; in this case the slot at the bottom of the Ram
and the Stop plate are dispensed with.
For removing damaged leathers I employ a pin or stud passing through the side
of the cylinder which stud is forced inward by a set screw working in a screwed
plate. The leather is forced inwards and a suitable tool is inserted and the leather
removed.
By this means all damage to the sharp arrises of the groove and top of cylinder
and consequent damage to the Ram is avoided.
The above improvements are applicable to what are known as Bodmer's Patent
Hydraulic Presses as well as to other Hydraulic Presses.
Dated this 16th day of February 1887.

page_text: I LOUIS RUDOLPH BODMER of 2 Lansdowne Road, Notting Hill in the County of
Middlesex Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object certain improvements in, or modifications of, the
construction of the cylinders and rams of Hydraulic Presses whereby facility is
afforded for the removal of worn or defective leathers from the cylinder and the
insertion of new ones without withdrawing or removing the Ram from its cylinder.
For this purpose I lengthen the cylinder sufficiently to permit of the Ram being
lowered to below the groove of the ram leather in which position of the Ram the
worn leather can be readily removed and a new leather inserted. The Ram is then
raised to its normal position again in any convenient manner for example by an
eyebolt or by means of a flat bar of iron placed across the cylinder and a bolt passed
through the bar which bolt is then scrowed into the eyebolt hole of the Ram which
is thereby raised to the required extent. A slot, groove, or recess is formed in the
bottom of the Ram and a stop plate fitting loosely into the slot or recess when the
ram is down is secured to or cast in one with the cylinder bottom. After the Ram
has been raised to its normal height it is in this modification turned round till its
slot stands at right angles or thereabout with the stop plate upon which the Ram
then rests
Another modification consists in suspending, lowering and raising, the Ram
from a loose Ram top supported on the end of the cylinder which loose Top may in
some cases at the same time form part of the platten. A headed screw spindle
passes freely through the Ram top and screws into and out of the body of the Ram;
or a stud or spindle may be used provided with a nut at its upper end and fixed into
the Ram; or a bolt may be employed passing entirely upwards through the Ram
the bolt head and a leather washer at its lower end being let into the bottom of the
Ram. When the Ram is raised and lowered from the loose Ram top the slot at the
bottom of the Ram and the corresponding stop plate or plates or their substitutes
are dispensed with.
For removing damaged leathers I employ a sliding pin or stud passing through
the side of the cylinder and formed with a head or stop on its inner end the head
of the stud bearing against the outer circumference of the leather. The stud is
forced inwards, by auy convenient arrangement as for example by a set screw
working in a screwed plate secured to the cylinder, and at the same time forces the
leather inwards out of its groove so as to admit of the insertion of a suitable tool

page_text: between the cylinder and the leather whereby the leather can be readily removed.
By this means all damage to the sharp arrises of the groove and top of the cylinder
and consequent damage to the Ram is avoided.
The above improvements are applicable to Cylinders and Rams used either without
or with loose Ram tops as well as to the cylinders and Rams of what are known as
Bodmer's Patent Hydraulic Presses.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a vertical section of the Cylinder and
Ram of a Hydraulic Press embodying a portion of my improvements but without a
loose top to the Ram. Figure 2 are separate views of the stops hereinafter more
particularly referred to. Figure 3 is a vertical section of a modified arrangement of
the lower portion of a Hydraulic Cylinder and Ram constructed according to my
invention. Figure 4 is a vertical section of another modification with loose top on
the Ram. Figure 5 is a vertical section of a Hydraulic Cylinder and Ram showing
the mode of suspending lowering and raising the ram by a screw spindle from a
loose top resting on the head of the cylinder. Figure 6 is a vertical section of
Hydraulic Cylinder and Ram showing a slightly modified arrangement of the
supporting stop or stops and the means for displacing the Ram leather from its
groove and Figure 7 is a corresponding plan thereof.
Similar letters indicate like parts in all the figures.
A, (figure 1) represents an ordinary Hydraulic Cylinder to which and to the
Ram thereof one modification of my improvements is applied. B is the Ram the
bottom of which is partly in section to show the slot or recess B which in this
instance is shown at right angles with the stop plate Cupon which it rests when in
its normal position. This stop plate C which is also shown separately in end and
side elevation at Figure 2 bas the form of a T headed bolt. The bolt a passes
through the bottom of the cylinder where it is secured by a nut and plate. A
Hydraulic hat leather as shown prevents leakage through the Cylinder bottom.
When the Ram leather 6 has to be changed the Ram B is turned round one quarter
of a revolution more or less inside the cylinder so as to bring the recess B' in a line
with the stop plate and allow the Ram B to drop and rest on the bottom of the
cylinder the top of the Kam being then just below the level of the bottom of the
leather groove as indicated by the dotted line c c. The damaged leather is now
removed and a new leather inserted into the exposed groove after which the Ram
is raised to its normal height for example by an eyebolt screwed into a tapped hole d
shown dotted in the top of the Ram for that purpose. The Ram is then again turned
one quarter of a revolution so as to bring the recess B¹ at right angles to the stop C
when it will be in its original or normal position ready for work.
stop C.
Figure 3 represents a modification in which the stop C is cast in one piece with
the bottom of the cylinder A, or stops may if desired be cast on the inner sides of
the cylinder and corresponding recesses in the sides of the Ram. The Ram B is
represented as
"
"down
and with the upper end of the recess B¹ resting upon the
Figure 4 represents a modification of the cylinders used in what are known as
Bodmers Patent Hydraulic Presses in which the first pressure is given with a
portion only of the full Ram area. The pressure liquid first enters through the
inlet e (shown dotted) under the small Ram B* and whilst the Ram (here shown as
provided with a loose top D) rises, liquid flows in by suction through the inlet f
(shewn dotted) and fills the space g under the large ram B after which pressure
liquid is likewise admitted through the inlet fand pressure given with the full Ram
area. The small Ram B is formed at the bottom with a slot or recess B' as before
described and the corresponding stop plate or T headed bolt is screwed into the
bottom of the cylinder or into a loose bottom plate E as shown which latter is

page_text: secured to the cylinder by bolts. The manipulation for changing the leathers is as
follows: The Ram is first turned through its loose top which is provided with a stud
engaging into the Ram proper. The Ram on being turned drops and rests on the
bottom of the cylinder its upper face being on the line c-c. The loose Ram top is
lifted off by an eyebolt inserted therein at d and the damaged leather removed and
replaced by a fresh one after which the Ram is again lifted by an eyebolt or otherwise
to its normal position turned round a quarter of a revolution and the loose top
replaced.
Figure 5 represents the modification of my improvements in which the Ram B is
suspended from a loose Ram top D formed with a shoulder or collar h by which the
Ram B and Ram top D are suspended from the top of the cylinder. A bolt or stud F
for raising and lowering the Ram is firmly screwed into the body of the Ram B its
upper end passing freely through the loose Ram top D into a recess i which holds a
nut the turning of which in one direction or the other raises or lowers the Ram.
Preparatory to changing the leather the Ram is gradually lowered by unscrowing the
nut, until it rests on the bottom of the cylinder when the top of the Ram will be on a
level or slightly below the level of the bottom of the leather groove as indicated by the
dotted lines c c. The nut is now removed the loose Ram top D lifted off clear of
the bolt and cylinder and the leather removed and replaced by a new one after which
the Ram top and the nut k are replaced. The bolt F reaches far enough through the
washer at the top to cause the nut to take firm hold of it and by screwing on the nut
the Ram B is again raised to its normal position. Or a solid head may be formed
on the upper end of the screwed spindle F which in that case will screw into and out
of the Ram so as to raise and lower it. Or an ordinary bolt may pass right through
the Ram and loose top its head with leather washer entering a socket formed
for the purpose in the bottom of the Ram as shown in dotted lines.
Figure 6 represents the upper part of a Cylinder similar to the one described with
reference to Figure 4 the loose top being shown removed and the ram lowered but
instead of a plate stop C for supporting the Ram in its normal position two cylindrical
studs C Cacting as stops are fixed into the bottom of the large cylinder whilst
corresponding recesses are formed in the bottom of the Ram.
In this Cylinder I have shown the application of my arrangement for removing
damaged leathers from the groove. It consists of a pin or sliding stud G passing
through the side of the cylinder and formed with a head or stop m on its inner end
the head fitting into a corresponding recess next to the leather. His a tapped plate
suitably fixed to the cylinder and I is a screwed pin engaging therewith and entering
freely the bore for the sliding pin G. In figure 6 the screwed pin is shown out of
action and in figure 7 it is shown in action. To remove the leather the sliding stud G
is forced inwards by the screwed pin I working through the tapped plate H whereby
the leather will be forced out of its groove and into the cylinder as shown at K in
plan in figure 7. By inserting any suitable tool between the Cylinder and the leather
thus displaced the latter can be at once removed. Instead of stops being attached to
or formed on the bottom of the cylinder and corresponding recesses in the bottom of
the Ram as described with reference to figures 1, 3, 4, and 6 the Rams may be made
with the stops and the cylinders with the corresponding recesses.
It is obvious that in lieu of the stops being cast on or fitted to the Cylinder direct
they may be formed on a separate plate fixed in the bottom of the Cylinder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In Hydraulic Presses providing means for lowering the ram below the level of
the groove of the Ram leather for facilitating the changing of the leathers without
necessitating the removal of the Ram from its cylinder substantially as specified.
2. In Hydraulic Presses, the use of supporting stops in the cylinder and recesses
in the Ram, or vice versa, made to coincide or not by imparting a partial revolution

page_text: to the Ram substantially as and for the purpose specified and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
3. In Hydraulic Presses, the combination with a loose Ram top taking its bearing
on the top of the cylinder, of a screwed spindle or bolt passing freely through
the loose top and engaging with the Ram for raising and lowering the same with a
view to facilitate the removal and replacement of the Ram leathers without
necessitating the withdrawal of the Ram from its Cylinder substantially as specified
and illustrated by Figure 5 of the accompanying Drawings.
4. In Hydraulic Presses, the combination with the Cylinder, of a pin or stud
sliding through the side thereof and forced inwards against the outer circumference
of the Ram leather for the purpose of displacing the same and facilitating its removal
substantially as specified and illustrated by Figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying
drawings.