CERTAIN IM- PROVEMENTS IN NON-CONDUCTING COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING THE RADIATION OD TAWONTOSTAR OF COLD
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Adolphe Estourneaux and Louis Beauchamps, of
Denain, in the Empire of France, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IM-
PROVEMENTS IN NON-CONDUCTING COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING THE RADIATION
OD TAWONTOSTAR OF COLD
Sealed the 2nd May 1865, and dated the 7th November 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Adolphe Estourneaux and
Louis Beauchamps at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 7th November 1864.
We, ADOLPHE ESTOURNEAUX and LOUIS BEAUCHAMPS, of Denain, in the
Empire of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN NON-CONDUCTING COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING THE
RADIATION OR TRANSMISSION OF HEAT OR COLD," to be as follows, that is
to say :-
Our Invention consists of certain improvements in non-conducting compo-
sition for preventing the radiation or transmission of heat or cold, by means:
of which caloric as well as water and other liquids and beverages. may be..
protected from the external air, intense cold, and frost.
This composition, which is herein-after described, can be used for coating.
steam boilers and cylinders, steam pipes, and apparatus of any kind, where it.
is required to prevent the radiation of heat, and it may also be used for coating.
pumps, cylinders, pipes, and other utensils and apparatus for containing water
and other liquids and beverages requiring to be protected from the external
air, intense cold, and frost.
Until now it has been the practice to use felt and cow hair, covered with.
wood, sheets of lead, and other coverings for preventing the radiation of

page_text: heat. Other non-conducting matters, composed of oil cake, fish oil, soot,
bone dust, and argillaceous earth; have also been introduced for the same
purpose, but they have been found to be too expensive, and not sufficiently
effectual for the purposes for which they were used.
Now we have found that by mixing and combining slimy glutinous earth,
wood charcoal in powder, fire-brick clay, rye flour, boiled linseed oil, and
cow or other animal hair, we are able to produce a non-conducting substance,
both cheap and effectual.
We prepare the composition in the following manner :-
We put together in a vessel of any convenient form and size, furnished
with a stirring apparatus, about 30 parts in weight of slimy glutinous earth,
with about 25 parts in weight of fire-brick clay, and 5 parts of boiled linseed
oil. The stirring apparatus is then put in motion, and as soon as the three
substances are well mixed we add to the mixture about 3 parts in weight of
cow hair, 30 parts of wood charcoal, and 7 parts of rye flour, the stirring
being maintained the whole time, and until the whole is well mixed and
united in such a manner as to form a paste or plaster, in which state it is
ready to be used for the purposes herein-before described, and it may be
applied in the manner adopted by plasterers in coating walls, ceilings, and
other surfaces so as to obtain a coating of from half to one and a-half inches
in thickness, according to circumstances.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Adolphe Estourneaux and Louis Beauchamps in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 6th May 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ADOLPHE
ESTOURNEAUX and LOUIS BEAUCHAMPS, of Denain, in the Empire of France,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Adolphe Estourneaux and Louis Beauchamps, Her special license that
we, the said Adolphe Estourneaux and Louis Beauchamps, 'our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Adolphe Estour-
neaux and Louis Beauchamps, our executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at

page_text: all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN NON-CONDUCTING COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING THE
RADIATION OR TRANSMISSION OF HEAT OR COLD," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Adolphe Estourneaux and Louis Beauchamps, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Adolphe Estourneaux and Louis
Beauchamps, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and, by the following statement, that is to say :—
Until now it has been the practice of using felt and cow hair, covered.
with wood, sheets of lead, and other coverings, for preventing the radiation.
of heat. Other non-conducting matters, composed of oil cake, fish oil, soot,
bone dust, and argillaceous earth have, however, been also introduced in the
industry, but they have been found too expensive to be generally used and
not-sufficiently effectual for the purpose for which they were employed.
Now we have found that by mixing and uniting together slimy glutinous.
earth, free from sand, with wood charcoal in powder, fire-brick clay, rye
flour, boiled linseed oil, cow or other animal hair and water, we are able to
produce a non-conducting composition which is much more effectual and much
cheaper than any other non-conducting composition hitherto known.
We prepare this non-conducting composition according to the following
proportions :-
1°. Thirty parts in weight of slimy glutinous earth free from sand.
2°. Thirty parts in weight of wood charcoal in powder.
3°. Twenty-five parts in weight of fire-brick clay.
4°. Seven parts in weight of rye flour.
5. Five parts in weight of boiled linseed oil.
.6°. Three parts in weight of cows' hair; and,
7°. Twenty parts (or thereabouts) of water, according to requirement.
And the manner of preparing the same is as follows:-
We put together in a vessel of any convenient form and size (furnished
with a stirring apparatus) the thirty parts of slimy glutinous earth, with

page_text: the twenty-five parts of fire-brick clay, the five parts of boiled linseed oil,
the three parts of cow hair, and the twenty parts of water. When these
five substances are well soaked, we mix them until they are well united.
We then add to the mixture the thirty parts of wood charcoal, mixing
the whole well together, and then the seven parts of rye flour are added,
the mixing being continued until the whole forms a paste or plaster; it
is then ready to be used for coating steam boilers, cylinders, pipes, and
other recipients and apparatuses used to hold or convey caloric, steam,.
gases, water, and other liquids. And for the purpose of applying the
same we follow the rule adopted by plasterers or bricklayers in coating
ceilings, walls, and other surfaces with plain or ornamental coatings of
plaster or cement in such a manner as to have a coating of from one inch
to two inches thick, according to requirements and circumstances.
Having now described, the nature of our said Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, we wish it to be well understood that the manner of
preparing the berein-before described non-conducting composition may vary.
as regards the proportion or weight of each substance employed therein
according to their chemical composition and quality, and also in the process
of mixing the same, whether by hand, machinery, or otherwise, but what we
claim is,―
First, the use of boiled linseed oil, instead of fish or other crude oil.
Secondly, the use of rye flour, which makes the composition of a more
porous nature.
+
Thirdly, the use of wood charcoal, in powder, instead of soot and bone dust
charcoal.
Fourthly, the use of slimy or glutinous argillaceous earth, free from sand,
instead of ordinary argillaceous earth.
And, fifthly, the use of fire-brick clay earth to harden the external composition,
so as to prevent heat or cold from passing inwards or outwards through it.
In witness whereof, we, the said Adolphe Estourneaux and Louis
Beauchamps, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fifth day
of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
A. ESTOURNEAU. (L.s.)
L. BEAUCHAMPS. (L.S.)