Improvements in and Means or Apparatus for use in the Manufacture of Sheet Metal Kettles and other Sheet Metal Utensils.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Apr., 1898
Complete Specification Lett, 5th Jan., 1899-Accepted, 11th Feb., 1899
Improvements in and Means or Apparatus for use in the Manufacture
of Sheet Metal Kettles and other Sheet Metal Utensils.
We, PINSON AND EVANS, LIMITED, of Melbourne Works, Wolverhampton, in
the County of Stafford, Makers of Stamped Tinned and Galvanized Hollowware, and
Galvanizers, and JOHN PINSON, of the same address, Director of the said Company,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object, more especially, an improved method, and
means or apparatus for use therein, of joining together the necks and bodies of
sheet metal kettles, but is applicable also generally to the purpose of joining
together, some distance from either end of the complete body comprising the whole
hollowware portion of a utensil, the adjacent edges of separately formed portions
when such are used to make up the complete body.
With a view to clearness in the specification, we will describe the invention with
special reference to the manufacture of a sheet metal kettle.
The portion of the kettle technically known as the "body" is formed with an
outward and somewhat downwardly inclined flange around the rim, and the neck
is formed with an outward flange around its lower edge or rim, which is formed
with a portion to bed upon the top of the flange of the body and with a rim which
is curved downwards from the outer edge thereof. The two parts are put together
with the neck portion within the chuck of a lathe, and are held together by bring-
ing up against the bottom of the body a disc which is carried upon the poppet
spindle or sliding rod in a manner which permits of it revolving thereon. Through
the headstock spindle which carries the chuck is passed a bar, which carries at
its forward end an arm or crank at the outer end of which is fixed a crank-pin. A
roller is mounted on the pin and is capable of revolving there-around. A portion
of this bar which extends beyond the hinder end of the spindle is of a square or
analogous shape in section, and is capable of sliding through similarly shaped
bearings. This bar may therefore be moved endways, but cannot turn. To enable
the neck of the kettle to be placed within the chuck, the bar carrying the arm
is moved forwards so that the neck may be passed endways over the roller and arm
and then moved back into the chuck. When this has been accomplished the bar
is moved back again to bring the roller into the required position presently shewn.
The body is then placed with its flange within the flanged rim of the neck, and
At one side of the lathe is carried a grooved
is held up therein as above described.
roller having its axis parallel with that of the lathe. The roller is mounted in a
manner which admits of its readily being moved towards or from the parts to be
joined together, and is situated immediately opposite to the flanged portions of the
neck and body aforesaid. The roller carried by the arm aforesaid is, of course,
inside the hollow of the parts to be joined, and is in position immediately against
the inside of the flanged portions. When the lathe is revolving, the grooved roller
aforesaid is brought up against the edge of the flanged portion of the neck and
bends such edge behind or under the flange of the body. The grooved roller is then

page_text: moved back out of contact with the sheet metal. A wheel, having a bevelled edge
and mounted upon an axis transverse to the lathe, is constantly in position to
support the outer or upper face of the flanged portion of the neck, and a roller,
having an oppositely bevelled edge and mounted upon an axis, preferably, some-
what inclined to the axis of the other bevel edged wheel, is carried in a manner
which admits of it being moved edgeways. After the grooved roller has been
moved back from the sheet metal, the three thicknesses of metal consisting of the
upper or outer thickness of the flange of the neck, of the flange of the body, and
of the turned under or bent in portion of the flange of the neck, are pressed together
between the two bevel edged wheels. Owing to the bevel shape of the operative
portions of the wheels, the three thicknesses of metal thus pressed together form a
Hange around the combined neck and body, the outer edge of which has an
inclination towards the bottom of the body. The movable bevel edged wheel is
then drawn back from the sheet metal, and the grooved wheel is advanced against
the inclined flange formed of the three thicknesses of metal, and presses it flat down
against the side of the body, the interior of the body being supported against the
pressure by the roller aforesaid which is carried upon the arm. The groove of the
grooved roller is of a size to just fit over the flattened down flange and thus ensure
that the three thicknesses will be tightly closed up against one another and against
the body and make a substantially solid band around the utensil. To enable the
entire structure formed of the parts thus joined together to be removed from the
lathe it is simply necessary to move back the plate which has been advanced
against the bottom of the body, and to move forward the bar to bring the arm and
the roller carried thereby sufficiently forward to allow of the neck being passed
thereover in the reverse manner to that above described.
In lieu of carrying the bar aforesaid through the lathe spindle it may, of course,
be carried through the poppet spindle, a chuck to receive the neck being mounted
to be capable of revolving upon the end of the poppet spindle.
Dated 14+1
1000
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in and Means or Apparatus for use in the Manufacture
of Sheet Metal Kettles and other Sheet Metal Utensils.
We, PINSON AND EVANS, LIMITED, of Melbourne Works, Wolverhampton, in
the County of Stafford, Makers of Stamped Tinned and Galvanized Hollowware, and
Galvanizers, and JOHN PINSON, of the same address, Director of the said Company,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object, more especially, an improved method, and
means or apparatus for use therein, of joining together the necks and bodies of
sheet metal kettles, but is applicable also generally to the purpose of joining
together, some distance from either end of the complete body comprising a hollow-
ware utensil or the hollowware portion of a utensil, the adjacent edges of separately
formed portions when such are used to make up the complete body.
With a view to clearness in the specification, we will describe the invention with
special reference to the manufacture of a sheet metal kettle, when its application
to the manufacture of other sheet metal hollowware utensils will be clear to persons

page_text: skilled in the trade to which the invention relates, without need for further
description.
To enable the invention to be clearly understood, we will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawings, of which Figure 1 is a side elevation of
a lathe constructed or adapted and fitted with the necessary tools, according to this
invention, for fixing together what are technically known as the "neck" and
"body" of a sheet metal kettle in the manner of the invention, such neck and
body being the portions which make up the complete body part or hollowware
portion of the utensil. Figure 2 is a plan of the lathe shewn by Figure 1; and
Figure 3 is a transverse section taken on line of Figure 1. In Figure 1 the'
neck and body of the kettle are shewn in side elevation in place within the lathe,
and in Figure 2 such neck and body and also the chuck within which the neck is
placed, are shewn in section; but in Figure 3 the neck and body of the kettle are
omitted, as are also the other parts which come in front of the lathe chuck.
Figure 4 is a detached sectional view, to an enlarged scale, shewing the neck and
body of the kettle as they appear when put together in the lathe previously to being
operated upon therein. Figures 5 and 6 shew, also in section, to a still larger scale,
portions of one side of the neck and body of the kettle shewn by Figure 4, and shew
also the tools which are the first, after these parts have been placed within the lathe,
to operate in the process of joining them together. In Figure 5 however, the
parts are shewn just previously to the tools commencing to operate, but in Figure 6
the tools are shewn as in actual operation performing the initial part of the process
which is carried through in the lathe. Figure shews, to the same scale as
Figures 5 and 6, portions of the opposite side of the neck and body of the kettle
to that shewn by Figures 5 and 6, and also, in actual operation, tools which perform
the part of the process which is intermediate the initial part of the process per-
formed by the tools shewn by Figures 5 and 6, and the final part of the process
which is performed also by such tools. Figure 8 is a corresponding view to
Figure 6, but shews the tools which are illustrated by such view as they are
utilized to perform the final portion of the process by which the neck and body of
the kettle are joined together.
The portion A of the kettle technically known as the "body" is, previously to its
being operated upon in the lathe, formed as clearly shewn by Figures 4 and 5,
with an outward and somewhat downwardly inclined flange a around the rim, and
the neck B is, previously to being operated upon in the lathe, formed, as also
clearly shewn by Figures 4 and 5, with an outward flange b around its lower edge
or rim. Such flange b is formed of a shape in transverse section which curves
downwards, and when the parts are put together, as shewn by Figures 4 and 5, the
rim of the flange b surrounds and extends somewhat beyond the underside of the
flange a. The body and neck are put together with the neck B within the
chuck C of the lathe, and are held together by bringing up against the bottom of
the body a disc D) which is carried by the poppet spindle or sliding rod d in a
manner which permits of it revolving in relation thereto. The disc may be carried
in any convenient manner, as will be readily understood, such as by fixing it upon
a spindler which revolves within the rod d and against a centre within such rod, as
is the common practice of mounting revolving discs used to hold back parts within
lathe chucks. Through the head stock spindle c which carries the chuck C is
passed a bar e, and on the forward end of this bar is fixed an arm or crank f. A
roller g is mounted on a crank pin h which is fixed to the outer end of the crank f.
On a portion of the bar e which projects from the hinder end of the spindle c
is fixed a square or analogously shaped part which, as the bar is moved endways,
slides through a corresponding bearing carried by a cross-piece E which is fixed
by means of the horizontal pillars to the back end of the head stock F. The bar e
may consequently be moved endways, but is prevented from turning. It is moved
endways by means of the handle lever k which is pivotally connected with an arm
of a two-armed lever 7 m. This lever is pivoted at to the headstock, and the
outer end of the arm m is connected, by means of a link o, with a pin ? fixed to

page_text: .
the part which slides through the cross-piece E. To move the bar e forwards,
the lever kis first raised slightly to bring it clear of a lugs at the outer end of a
bracket which projects from a side of the headstock, and is then pulled outwards,
thereby moving the outer end of the arm m forwards. The bar is stopped in its
proper backward position, that is to say, its position which brings the roller g into
its proper working position, by the link o coming sideways against a stop a¹ which
projects upwards from the cross-piece E; and the bar is prevented from moving
forwards from such position by the handle lever & coming immediately behind the
lugs.
The position of the bar in relation to the part which is fixed thereto may
be adjusted by means of lock nuts b', and thus any desired adjustment as to the
position of the roller g may be readily effected without altering the lever mechanism
by which the bar is moved endways.
To enable the neck 13 of the kettle to be placed within the chuck C, the bar e
is moved forwards and the crank f and roller g thereby brought into the position
shewn by broken lines Figure 2. The neck may be then passed endways over the
roller and arm and then moved back into the chuck. When the neck has thus
been placed in position within the chuck, the bar e is moved back again to bring
the roller g into the required position for the purpose presently shewn. The body A
of the kettle is then placed with its flange a within the flanged rim 6 of the neck,
and is held up therein by means of the disc D.
At one side of the lathe a grooved wheel el, having its axis parallel with that of
the lathe spindle, is carried by a slide G, which is mounted to be capable of sliding
along a saddle H in a direction transverse to the axis of the lathe spindle. The
slide G may be moved along the saddle through the medium of the handle lever d
which has a fixed pivot axis e¹, the short arm f' formed at right angles with the
handle lever d', and the link g which connects the outer end of the arm with a
pin fixed to the slide G. By raising the handle lever d', the slide G and, conse-
quently, the wheel el, are moved inwards towards the axis of the lathe spindle, and
by depressing such lever, the wheel is correspondingly moved outwards. The
wheel c' is first used to effect the initial part of the process performed in the lathe
of joining together the neck and body of a kettle, and this purpose of the wheel will
be best understood by reference to Figures 5 and 6. In these figures the roller g
which is carried by the crank or arm of the bar e is shewn as immediately against
the inside of both the neck and body to act as a support against the pressure of the
wheel c. In Figure 5 the wheel c is shewn to be clear of the flange b around the
neck B, but in Figure 6 it is shewn to have been brought up thereagainst,
and to have bent the edge of such flange somewhat under or behind the flange a
around the body A. When the grooved wheel c¹ has operated in the manner shewn
by Figure 6 around the entire circumference of the joint between the neck and
body, it is moved back clear therefrom by means of the handle lever d¹.
A wheel, having a bevelled edge, and mounted upon a fixed axis transverse to
that of the lathe spindle, is constantly in position against the outer or upper face
of the flange of the neck, and a wheel j, having an oppositely bevelled edge,
and mounted upon an axis preferably somewhat inclined to the axis of the wheel i¹,
as shewn, is carried in a manner which admits of it being moved edgeways, being
conveniently carried by a rest J which is mounted to be capable of sliding, in the
direction of the plane of the wheel, upon a supporting guide block K which is itself
mounted upon the saddle H in a manner which allows of it being adjusted endways
therealong, that is to say, transversely to the axis of the lathe spindle. The
wheel may be moved towards and from the wheel by means of the handle
lever pivotally connected with the block K and connected through the medium of
a short arm and pair of links m¹ with the rest J. The operation of these bevel
edged wheels will be best understood on reference to Figure 7. After the
grooved wheel c¹ has been moved back from the sheet metal, the three thicknesses
of metal consisting of the upper or outer thickness of the flange of the neck,
of the thickness of the flange a of the body, and the thickness of the turned-under or
bent-in portion n¹ (see Figures 6 and 7) of the flange 6 of the neck, are pressed

page_text: together between the bevelled edges of the two wheels j¹ and, owing to the bevel
shape of the operative portions of these wheels, the three thicknesses of metal thus
pressed together form a flange around the combined neck and body which has an
inclination towards the bottom of the body, as clearly shewn by Figure 7. It may
be explained with reference to the wheel that it is just against the back of the
flange 6 of the neck when the neck is first placed in position within the chuck,
but that it performs no function until the wheel is brought into operation.
The bevel edged wheel j¹ is next drawn back from the joint and the grooved
wheel is again advanced and thus brought against the inclined flange or joint
formed of the three thicknesses of metal, and presses it flat down against the side
of the combined body and neck while the interior of the body and neck is supported
against the pressure of the wheel c¹ by the roller g, all as clearly shewn by Figure 8.
The groove of the wheel is of a size and shape, as shewn, to just fit over the
flattened down flange and thus ensure that the three thicknesses of metal will be
tightly closed up against one another and against the combined body and neck, and
make a substantially solid band around the utensil.
To enable the body and neck which have been joined together in the manner
above described to be removed from the lathe, it is necessary simply to move back
which
the disc and to move forward the bar e to bring the arm fand the roller
is carried thereby sufficiently forward (that is to say, into the position shewn by
broken lines, Figure 2) to allow of the neck being passed thereover in the reverse
manner to that above described.
The arm is fixed to the head of the rod e by a pin which passes, preferably,
through a slotted hole to allow of adjustment.
The wheel c¹ is conveniently carried in a jaw which is provided with a screwed
shank a² which is screwed through a rest M to allow of its ready adjustment end-
ways. This shank may be securely locked by means of the set-pin 2. The rest M
is mounted upon a block N in such manner that when not bolted tightly thereupon
it may be slid in a direction parallel with the axis of the lathe spindle to adjust the
position of the wheel c¹ sideways. The block N is fixed to the slide G which is
carried within guides of the saddle H.
d2 is a pin which is adjustably fixed in a lug e² of the slide G by means of lock
nuts, as shewn by Figure 3. This pin is so adjusted endways that its inner end
will be stopped against a lug f2 of the saddle simultaneously with the wheel c¹ being
brought with the desired pressure against the joint during the finishing operation
within the lathe.
o is a stud pin fixed in a lug 2 of the saddle. The forward end of this stud
passes through a hole formed through a lug r¹ of a slide L to which the block K is
fixed, and this stud has lock nuts at the opposite sides of the lug 1, respectively,
whereby the position of the slide L along the saddle H may be readily adjusted to
suit different diameters of kettles.
The block K is preferably pivoted upon a seating K¹ of the saddle L so that it
may be turned in relation to such seating in order to adjust the angle which the
plane of the wheel makes with the longitudinal axis of the lathe. The block K
is fixed to the seating K¹ by means of bolts which pass through flanges g² of the
block. The holes through which these bolts pass are formed as slots which are
curved concentrically with the axis of the block K.
The wheel is shewn as carried by the outer end of an arm s¹ which is fixed
to the headstock F by means of lock nuts which admit of its being readily adjusted
endways, and the arm s passes through a slotted hole e² (shewn by broken lines
Figure 3) formed through the bracket t of the headstock so that it may be readily
adjusted also in position in relation to the axis of the lathe spindle, to suit kettles
of varying diameters.
It is preferred, both for the purpose of producing a better result, and as being
more convenient in the operations for joining the parts together, to form, as above
described, around the neck of the kettle, the flange which is to have its outer edge
bent under or at the back of the other flange of the joint, but the former flange may

page_text: if desired, be formed around the body of the kettle, and the other flange around
the neck, in which case the positions of the wheels ¹¹ will be reversed, as will be
readily understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:--
1. The method of forming a joint between the neck and body of a sheet
metal kettle, according to which a flange of the one portion is bent under or behind
a flange of the other portion, and the three thicknesses of metal at the joint then
closed up and pressed down flat against the side of the combined body and neck,
such operations being performed while the parts are revolving in a lathe, and the
application of this method also generally to the purpose of joining together,
some distance from either end of the complete body comprising a sheet metal
hollowware utensil or the hollowware portion of a utensil, the adjacent edges of
separately-formed portions which are used to make up such complete body,
substantially as described.
2. The method of forming a joint between the neck and body of a sheet metal
kettle, according to which a flange of the one portion is bent under or
behind a flange of the other portion, the three thicknesses of metal
at the joint being then closed, while revolving in a lathe, between the edges of
two wheels which also set them at an inclination with the vertical axis of the
utensil, and being finally flattened down against the combined body and neck to
complete the joint, and the application of this method also generally to the pur-
pose of joining together, some distance from either end of the complete body com-
prising a sheet metal hollowware utensil or the hollowware portion of a utensil,
the adjacent edges of separately-formed portions which are used to make up such
complete body, substantially as described.
3. The method of forming a joint between the neck and body of a sheet metal
kettle, according to which a flange of the one portion is bent under or behind a
flange of the other portion, the three thicknesses of metal at the joint being then
closed, while revolving in a lathe, between the edges of two wheels and also set
at an inclination with the vertical axis of the utensil, and being finally flattened
down against the combined body and neck, to complete the joint, by a wheel
of which the pressure is supported by an internal roller, and the application of
this method also generally to the purpose of joining together, some distance
from either end of the complete body comprising a sheet metal hollowware
utensil or the hollowware portion of a utensil, the adjacent edges of separately-
formed portions which are used to make up such complete body, substantially
as described.
4. The method of forming a joint between the neck and body of a sheet metal
kettle, according to which a flange of the one portion is bent under or behind a
flange of the other portion, by turning the parts in a lathe and bringing the edge
of a grooved wheel against the edge of the flange which is to be bent, while the
pressure of such wheel is supported by an internal roller, the three thicknesses
of metal at the joint being then closed together between two bevel-edged wheels
which also set them at an inclination with the vertical axis of the utensil, and
being finally flattened down against the combined body and neck, to complete
the joint, by a wheel of which the pressure is supported by an internal roller,
and the application of this method also generally to the purpose of joining together,
some distance from either end of the complete body comprising a sheet metal
hollowware utensil or the hollowware portion of a utensil, the adjacent edges of
separately-formed portions which are used to make up such complete body,
substantially as described.
5. The method of forming a joint between the neck and body of a sheet metal
kettle, which comprises the flattening down the thicknesses of metal forming the
joint against the combined body and neck, while the same is revolving in a lathe,

page_text: by a wheel of which the pressure is supported by an internal roller, and the applica-
tion of this method also generally to the purpose of joining together, some distance
from either end of the complete body comprising a sheet metal hollowware utensil
or the hollowware portion of a utensil, the adjacent edges of separately-formed
portions which are used to make up such complete body, substantially as described.
6. The method of forming a joint between the neck and body of a sheet metal
kettle, or of forming a joint some distance from either end of the complete body
comprising other sheet metal hollowware utensil or hollowware portion thereof,
by the aid of wheels and an internal or supporting roller, substantially as described
and shewn by the drawings herewith.
7. Means or apparatus for use in the manufacture of sheet metal kettles and
other sheet metal hollowware utensils, which comprise a lathe fitted with a chuck
to receive a neck or one part of a utensil which is to be joined to the body or
other part thereof some distance from either end of the hollowware utensil or
hollowware portion thereof which is made up of such parts, means for holding
together the parts to be joined while they revolve in the lathe, a bar passing
along the longitudinal axis of the lathe and capable of being moved endways,
and carrying an arm or crank at an end which is within the hollowware utensil
or hollowware portion thereof when the same is within the lathe, on a pin at the
outer end of which arm or crank is mounted a roller, and means for operating the
bar endways and for preventing it from turning, substantially as described.
8. Means or apparatus for use in the manufacture of sheet metal kettles and
other sheet metal hollowware utensils, which comprise a lathe fitted with a chuck
to receive the neck or one part of a utensil which is to be joined to the body or
other part some distance from either end of the hollowware utensil or hollowware
portion thereof which is made up of such parts, means for holding together the
parts to be joined while they revolve in the lathe, a bar passing along the longi-
tudinal axis of the lathe and capable of being moved endways and carrying an
arm or crank at an end which is within the hollowware utensil or hollowware
portion thereof when the same is within the lathe, on a pin at the outer end of
which arm or crank is mounted a roller, means for operating the bar endways and
for preventing it from turning, a wheel mounted on a axis parallel with the lathe
spindle and adapted to be moved towards and from such spindle, substantially
as described.
9. Means or apparatus for use in the manufacture of sheet metal kettles and
other sheet metal hollowware utensils, which comprise a lathe fitted with a chuck
to receive a neck or one part of a utensil which is to be joined to the body or other
part thereof some distance from either end of the hollowware utensil or hollowware
portion thereof which is made up of such parts, means for holding together the
parts to be joined while they revolve in the lathe, and two wheels adapted to operate
in closing up and setting at an inclination with the longitudinal axis of the utensil
the joint there-around which has been previously partially formed, substantially as
described.
10. Means or apparatus for use in the manufacture of sheet metal kettles and
other sheet metal hollowware utensils, which comprise a lathe fitted with a chuck to
receive a neck or one part of a utensil which is to be joined to the body or other part
thereof some distance from either end of the hollowware utensil or hollowware
portion thereof which is made up. of such parts, means for holding together the
parts to be joined while they revolve in the lathe, a pair of bevel-edged wheels
one of which has its axis permanently fixed in position which ensures that its
periphery will be immediately against an inclined flange which has been formed
around one of the parts to be joined together prior to the parts being placed
within the lathe, and the other of which is capable of being moved towards the
wheel which has the fixed axis, to compress the thicknesses of metal forming the
joint between the peripheries of the wheels, substantially as described.
11. Means or apparatus for use in the manufacture of sheet metal kettles and
other sheet metal hollowware utensils, which comprise a lathe fitted with a chuck

page_text: to receive a neck or one part of a utensil which is to be joined to the body or other
part thereof some distance from either end of the hollowware utensil or hollowware
portion thereof which is made up of such parts, means for holding together the
parts to be joined while they revolve in the lathe, and two bevel-edged wheels for
closing together the joint and setting it at an angle with the longitudinal axis
of the utensil, one of such wheels being mounted upon a part which is capable
of sliding upon a lower fixed part in a direction at an angle with the longitudinal
axis of the lathe, and means for moving such wheel towards and from the other,
substantially as described.
12. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting means or apparatus
for use in the manufacture of sheet metal kettles and other sheet metal hollowware
utensils, substantially as described and shewn by the drawings herewith.
Dated this 4th day of January 1899.
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicants.