IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO RATCHETS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Christopher Geddes and Patrick Sword, both of Liverpool,
in the County of Lancaster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
RELATING TO RATCHETS,"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Christopher Geddes and
Patrick Sword at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
28th June 1881.
CHRISTOPHER GEDDES and PATRICK SWORD, both of Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO RATCHETS."
Our Invention relates to a certain novel construction of ratchet to be applied to
braces, punches, jacks, and to numerous other purposes where ratchet actions are
used, and consists of a ratchet toothed wheel mounted on or forming part of a shaft
or journal, which projects upon each side of the ratchet wheel. On the ratchet
wheel we mount or otherwise place a lever or handle having a boss which surrounds
the ratchet wheel. The eye of the boss is of oval shape longitudinally with the
lever, and has cut therein one, two, or three teeth at the handle end of the boss,
and a corresponding number of teeth at the opposite end of the boss. These teeth
correspond with the teeth of the ratchet wheel, and respectively gear into the
ratchet wheel, according to the position of the handle or lever, namely, when the
handle is in an upright vertical position the upper teeth are in gear, and when the
handle is in a hanging or inverted position the lower teeth are in gear. To support
the lever or handle we fix side plates to the boss. Theso side plates bear on the
journals on each side of the ratchet wheel, and have oval holes corresponding with
the oval of the eye of the lever.
A duplex arrangement for continuous working consists of two ratchet wheels
provided with levers as described, and mounted or formed on one shaft or journal,
thus providing a double handed arrangement for continuous working.
By our Invention we obtain a ratchet arrangement, which is in gear both in a
vertical position and also in an inverted position, or when the lever is hanging
down. We also dispense with numerous parts which are necessary in ordinary
ratchets, namely, the pawls and their hinges and the springs.
It will be evident that our Invention is applicable to most purposes for which
ratchets are used, and is particularly applicable for ratchet braces.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Christopher Geddes and Patrick Sword in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 23rd December 1881,
זי
CHRISTOPHER GEDDES and PATRICK SWORD, both of Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO RATCHETS."
Our Invention relates to a certain novel construction of ratchet to be applied to
braces, punches, jacks, and to numerous other purposes where ratchet actions are
used, and consists of a ratchet toothed wheel mounted on or forming part of a shaft
or journal, which projects upon each side of the ratchet wheel. On the ratchet
wheel we mount or otherwise place a lever or handle having a boss which surrounds
the ratchet wheel. The eye of the boss is of oval shape longitudinally with the
lever, and has cut therein one, two, or three teeth at the handle end of the boss,
and a corresponding number of teeth at the opposite end of the boss. These teeth
correspond with the teeth of the ratchet wheel, and respectively gear into the
ratchet wheel, according to the position of the handlo or lever, namely, when the
handle is in an upright vertical position the upper teeth are in gear, and when the
handle is in a hanging or inverted position the lower.teeth are in gear. To support
the lever or handle we fix side plates to the boss. These side plates bear on the
journals on each side of the ratchet wheel,.and have oval holes corresponding with
the oval of the eye of the lever.
A duplex arrangement for continuous working consists of two ratchet wheels
provided with levers as described, and mounted or formed on one shaft or journal,
thus providing a double handed arrangement for continuous working.
By our Invention we obtain a ratchet arrangement, which is in gear both in a
vertical position and also in an inverted position (namely, when the lever is
hanging down). We,, also dispense with numerous parts which are necessary in
ordinary ratchets, namely, the pawls and their hinges and the springs.
It will be evident that our Invention is applicable to most purposes for which

page_text: handle C is in an upright position the teeth F are in gear with the teeth of the
wheel A, and when the handle C is in a hanging or inverted position, the teeth H
are in gear with the teeth of the wheel A. To support the handle C we use the
side plates J, J, which are fixed on the sides of the boss D, as shown in the
Drawings, and have a centro hole or eye of shape to correspond with the eye E
of the boss D. These side plates J form a bearing for the journal B, as shown in
the Drawings.
The example shown in the Drawings illustrates a convenient arrangement for a
ratchet brace. The square hole K in the journal B receives the tool, and the
Screwed end of the journal receives the feeding and centre screw.
By the arrangement shown at Figure 7, the letters of which correspond with
the parts before described, we obtain a duplex or double handed arrangement for
continuous working.
Having now described our Invention, and shown how the same may be put into
operation, what we claim as our Invention and secured to us by Letters Patent as
aforesaid is,
First. Obtaining rotary motion from a reciprocating motion by enclosing a
ratchet wheel or its equivalent within the boss of a reciprocating lever, the eye of
such boss having interior teeth or their equivalent.
Second. A ratchet in which the ratchet wheel is contained within the boss of the
working handle, and driven by interior teeth in the eye thereof, as herein described
and shown in the Drawings hereto annexed.
Third. The arrangement and construction of ratchet having single or double
action, as herein described and shown in the Drawings hereto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Patrick Sword, on behalf of myself and
co inventor, Christopher Geddes, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Twenty first day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty one.
DAMDICK QUADD
PATRICK SWORD. (L.S.)