CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS ON EXHAUSTING, INJECTING, OH CONDENSING PUMPS OR SYRINGES, AND ON THE APPARATUS COM- NECTED THEREWITH, AND WHICH SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1824

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
WEISS, of the Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Surgical Instrument
Maker and Cutler, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Eighteenth day of December, in the fifth year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Weiss, His especial licence that I, the said John Weiss, my exors,
admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Weiss, my exors,
admors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, uše, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in His said Majesty's Colonies and
Plantations abroad, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS ON EXHAUSTING,
INJECTING, OH CONDENSING PUMPS OR SYRINGES, AND ON THE APPARATUS COM-
NECTED THEREWITH, AND WHICH SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS
USEFUL PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained à proviso
obliging me, the said John Weiss, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the
same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part

page_text: recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Weiss, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawing hereunto annexed, and the following
description thereof (that is to say) :-
My said improvements on exhausting, injecting, or condensing pumps or
syringes are chiefly applicable to the pumps or syringes used for medical,
surgical, or anatomical purposes, and which require to be alternately exhausting
and injecting or condensing pumps or syringes according to the various uses
they are applied to, and they consist in converting the exhausting pump or
syringe into an injecting or condensing pump or syringe, or the contrary, as
may happen to be the case, by the action of the handle of the piston upon
moveable stopcocks, or turning plates answering the same purpose, and
either by the action of the hand in working the piston or by the mechanism
connected with the piston. In order, however, to explain these improvements
more fully, I shall proceed to describe the various Figures contained in the
Drawing, which, as aforesaid, is annexed to this Specification, and in all of
which said Figures the same letters of reference indicate the similar parts.
In Fig. 1, A is the body of a pump or syringe. B, the handle. C, the
piston rod. D, the piston, shewn by dotted lines. E is a three-wayed cock
shewn in section at Fig. 2. F, the lever or handle of the cock. G, G, a
bent rod or wire passing through guide holes at H, H, made in each end of
the body A. The upper end of the wire H is bent into the shape shewn by
the dotted lines, so as to pass through another hole I, made in the cap J.
and enter within the barrel of the pump sufficiently for the piston D
to act upon it as it is drawn up, and to raise the lever F so as to
turn the horizontal plug of the cock one quarter round, as shewn in
Fig. 2 in section, and by dotted lines in Fig. 1. K. is a circular plate affixed
upon the piston rod C, and which upon the descent of the piston strikes upon the
wire G, and brings the plug of the stopcock to its former position. In order to
allow of the circular movement of the lever F, the wire G is made thin enough
at its lower end to be pliant or yielding. The effect of this movement is to
cause the apertures in the plug of the cock to communicate alternately with
the bottom orifice L and the side orifice M.
Fig. 3 is a view of the bottom of the pump and the parts connected

page_text: Fig..4 exhibits in section a method of turning the vertical plug of a three-
wayed stopcock by turning the handle of the piston in working it. when at the
bottom and top of the stroke. The piston rod C of this pump is made
hollow, and the piston D. has a square hole N in it to receive a square rod O,
which is shewn separately in Fig. 5. This rod O is affixed to the hollow plug
of the cock P, and the piston slides up and down upon it. The plug P has
two holes in it at right angles to each other, and by turning it a quarter round
it is made to communicate with the holes L and M alternately.
In Fig. 5, Q is a gap made in the end of the plug, in which the guide
pin R of Fig. 4 acts to regulate the motion of the handle, and to bring the
holes in the plug exactly opposite to the holes L and M in the cock E, as
shown in section at Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 is an end view of the bottom of the pump, and Fig. 8, a view of the
top of it. S is a pin affixed in the piston rod, and is intended to shew which
way the plug of the cock is turned.
Fig. 9 represents another method of effecting the purposes designed to be
produced by the pump last described, it differing from that in the substitution
of two fixed flat circular plates with. apertures in-them, and another plate
turning within or between them for the vertical three-wayed cock described.
Fig. 10 is the upper fixed plate, Fig. 11, the lower one; and Fig. 12 is the
moveable one affixed to the square rod O, which acts within the piston rod in
the upper and lower fixed plates. Figs. 10 and 11 are two holes T and U
corresponding with the tubes L and M, which are affixed to the lower fixed
plate; and the moveable plate, Fig. 12, has two other holes V and W in it,
which alternately communicate with the holes V and W, and the tubes Land M.
X in Fig. 12 is a circular recess made in the edge of the moveable plate, and
Y in Fig. 11 is a stop pin, which enters that recess and regulates the motion
of the plate, Fig. 12.
.
Fig. 18 is a section of another pump representing a method of turning
the plug of a vertical three-wayed stopcock, without the necessity of turning
the handle of the piston, as described in the two last pumps; within the hollow
piston rod a flat rod Z, twisted at each end, is received, and passes through
a guide slit a, made in the middle of the piston, as shewn separately in
Fig. 14. The piston rod C is prevented. from turning within the body of the
pump A by the fins or webs b; b, affixed to it passing through gaps
c, made
in the cap or cover of the upper end of the pump, as shewn in Fig. 15. The
lower end of the twisted rod Z has a square made upon it, upon which is fitted
the circular plate d, shewn separately in Fig. 16, and which serves as a
shoulder resting upon the convex perforated plate e, which is firmly affixed in

page_text: the bottom of the pump barrel A, and is shewn separately in Fig. 17, below
the plate e; the collar f, shewn separately in Fig. 18, with its two arms,
is fitted upon the squared part of the twisted rod Z, and turns in a round
hole made in the centre of the plate e, and it is secured upon the
rod Z by the screwed nut 9. shewn in Fig. 19. The plug of the cock P,
shewn separately in Figs. 20 and 21, has two registers h, h, made
in its upper end, leaving the two solid parts i, i, projecting between them.
Against these projections i, i, the arms of the collar f, Figs. 18 and 19, act
alternately near at each end of the strokes of the piston, and give a quarter of
a turn to the plug at each stroke in opposite directions, and thus open and
shut the orifices L and M of the cock alternately. The recesses h, h, in the
top of the plug P are made sufficiently wide to allow one quarter of a turn of
the arms to be made without acting upon the plug, and thus the upper
spiral or twist in the rod Z turns the plug one quarter round on the ascent of
the piston, and the lower one returns it as much on its descent. In order,
however, to make this pump act either as an exhausting or as an injecting or
condensing pump, it is necessary that the cock E should be surrounded with a
moveable tube k, Figs. 22 and 23, containing the orifices L and M, and which
is allowed to turn halfway round in order to reverse the positions of the
orifices L & M in respect to the cock; thus in Fig. 24 it is shewn in the
same situation as in Fig. 18, but in Fig. 25 it is reversed.
Figs. 26 and 27 represent the bore of the cock without the plug or move-
able tube k, and having a groove or channel 7 made around it to receive a half
neck m made partly around the tube k within it. A stop screw n, shewn in
Figs. 13, 26, & 27, serves to limit the extent of motion of the tube k to a
semicircle. The tube k and the plug of the cock P are both held in their
places by means of the collet o, Figs. 28 and 29, and the screw p, Fig. 30.
The stop screw n also enters a groove 9 made in the plug P, as shewn in
Figs. 13 and 21, and limits its motion to a quarter of a turn only.
Having thus described the construction of these four pumps, I shall next
proceed to shew how they are to be used as exhausting or as injecting or con-
densing pumps, and first of Fig. 1. This pump is represented as ready to
exhaust on raising the piston, the passage L being open; on the piston
arriving near to the top of the barrel, however, it strikes the inverted end of
the wire G, G, and moves the lever or handle of the cock F a quarter of a
turn, which shuts the passage L and opens that at M, as shewn in the section
Fig. 2. In this case, on the descent of the piston, whatever fluid may have
been drawn into the body of the pump at the passage L by the ascent of the
piston, will on its descent be expelled at the other passage or side orifice M;

page_text: and it thus becomes an exhausting and an injecting or condensing pump alter-
nately. In the pumps, Figs. 4 & 9, provided the pistón is merely worked
upwards and downwards, without having the handle turned at each end of the
strokes, the pumps are simply common pumps or syringes, the fluids being
received and ejected at the same passage, and either at the end or side, as the
case may happen to be, or the plug of the cock in Fig. 4, or the moveable plate
in Fig. 9, be turned to the one or the other position. If, however, the handle be
turned at the end of each stroke, then whatever fluid may have been received
at the one passage will be ejected at the other, and whether received at the
end or side orifice or passage of the pump, and thus the alteration in the
situation of the plug of the cock in Fig. 4, or of the moveable plate in Fig. 9,
may be either made or not, as the case may require, and either for exhausting
or injecting or condensing. In the pump or syringe shewn in Fig. 18, how-
ever, the alterations in the plug of the cock always take place, and without the
handle requiring to be turned, as in the two last pumps mentioned, from the
internal and self-acting movement of the twisted rod Z within the hollow
piston rod, as already described, and consequently whatever fluid may have
been received into the body of the pump at one orifice will be expelled at the
other; as, however, it is necessary for some purposes to change the situations.
of the orifices L & M in this pump, that may be effected in the manner
already described by turning the external moveable tube k.
My said improvements in the apparatus connected with these pumps or
syringes are as follows:-In using them for emptying the stomach of any
poisons or other fluids which may have been received into it, and in injecting
water or other fluids in place thereof, it is sometimes found difficult to open
the mouth of the patient in order to introduce the elastic conducting pipes con-
nected with the pumps or syringes. I have therefore contrived the wooden
cone, Fig. 31, which being thrust between the teeth will keep them extended
wide enough to admit the pipe to enter between them. It is however some-
times difficult even to compel the patient to open his or her mouth. In this
case I have contrived to insert the elastic pipe, Fig. 32, up the nostrils, and
cause it to pass into the throat, where by the irritation it produces nausea and
the patient's mouth is thereby opened. Amongst the various useful purposes to
which these pumps or syringes are applicable, I include that of a stomach
syringe, as above mentioned, and in this case either of the elastic conducting
pipes, Figs. 38, 84, or 35, may be affixed upon the outsides of the passages L
or M of the pumps or syringes, as the cases may require.
Another useful purpose is that of administering enemas or glysters; in this
case the foot pipe, Fig. 36, is to be placed upon the bottom passage L of the

page_text: pump or syringe, and the conducting pipe, Fig. 37, upon the side passage M;
to the other end of the pipe, Fig. 87, the bone or ivory pipe, Fig. 88, and its
plate, Fig. 89, are also to be affixed. The situations of these parts may,
however, be reversed in some cases when requisite.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Weiss, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and twenty-five.