IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD MACHINES, WITH THE OBJECT OF ALLOWING THE SUBSTITUTION OF ENDLESS PAPER IN LIEU OF THE PASTEBOARD PATTERN CARDS HITHERTO USED THEREIN, AND IN MACHINES FOR PERFORATING THE SAID PAFER
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jacques Philippe Eugène Paignon, Joseph Marie
Vaudaux, and Gaspard Gagnière, all of Paris (France), Gentlemen, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD MACHINES, WITH THE OBJECT OF
ALLOWING THE SUBSTITUTION OF ENDLESS PAPER IN LIEU OF THE PASTEBOARD
PATTERN CARDS HITHERTO USED THEREIN, AND IN MACHINES FOR PERFORATING
THE SAID PAFER."
Sealed the 26th December 1861, and dated the 2nd July 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jacques Philippe Eugène
Paignon, Joseph Marie Vaudaux, and Gaspard Gagnière at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 2nd July
1861.
We, JACQUES PHILIPPE EUGÈNE PAIGNON, JOSEPH MARIE VAUDAUX, and
GASPARD GAGNIERE, all of Paris (France), Gentlemen, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD MACHINES, WITH
THE OBJECT OF ALLOWING THE SUBSTITUTION OF ENDLESS PAPER IN LIEU OF THE
PASTEBOARD PATTERN CARDS HITHERTO USED THEREIN, AND IN MACHINES FOR
PERFORATING THE SAID PAPER," to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to 1ly, certain modifications of the jacquard
machine commonly made use of in looms for weaving figured fabrics, the
object of which modifications is to allow the substitution of properly perforated

page_text: endless paper, in lieu of the pasteboard pattern cards hitherto made use of in
such machines.
2ly, a modification of the perforating press, allowing to apply the same to
the perforation of the above-mentioned endless paper.
This improved jacquard machine is arranged in such manner that the hori-
zontal needles are prevented from exerting sufficient stress or pressure against
the non-perforated part of the endless paper from injuring this latter; for this
purpose the apparatus is arranged in such manner that the cylinder with the
endless paper put over it exerts its pressure against the needles only at the
moment the perpendicular wires are resting with their lower extremity on the
harness board; the friction roller by which the cylinder is pushed towards the
needles or carried back therefrom, works in such manner in the curved iron as
not to push the cylinder towards the needles while the griff is descending, and
by means of another smaller friction roller the pressure is exerted towards the
end of the downward stroke of the griff, while the larger roller serves for con-
tinuing the pressure during the upward stroke of the griff. In order that the
pressure exerted by the small roller may last sufficiently long for lifting all the
wires a latch or bolt is pushed between the large roller and the curved iron at
the moment the small roller exerts its pressure by rolling over a sort of inclined
plane fixed to the cross bar of the cylinder frame; the said latch is connected
by suitable lever arms to a fork, in which latter may take a stud pin fixed to
the griff, so as to make the motions of the latch dependant on those of
the griff.
2ly. In order that the perforated endless paper may apply itself properly
against the flat sides or surfaces of the card's cylinder the said paper is pro-
vided during its perforation in the direction of its width with division creases
or folds at such distances apart as to make each of the thus formed divisions
of the paper correspond with one of the sides or surfaces of the cylinder on
which this perforated paper is to be used. For this purpose an iron rule is
securely fixed against the front part of the punching table of the perforating
press, and a corresponding angle iron is fixed to the front of the punching part
of the press; in this manner during the perforation of the paper the same is
pressed between the above-mentioned rule and the angle iron, and will thus
receive a fold or crease at each punching operation, after which the paper is
caused to advance on the table to the distance required for the next punching
and folding operation, at each of such operations a division being formed in
the endless paper as will correspond with one of the jacquard cards hitherto
in use.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jacques Philippe Eugène Paignon, Joseph Marie Vaudaux,
and Gaspard Gagnière in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd
January 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JACQUES
PHILIPPE EUGÈNE PAIGNON, JOSEPH MARIE VAUDAUX, and GASPARD GAGNIÈRE,
all of Paris, (France,) Gentlemen, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Jacques Philippe Eugène Paignon, Joseph Marie Vaudaux, and Gaspard
Gagnière, Her special licence that we, the said Jacques Philippe Eugène
Paignon, Joseph Marie Vaudaux, and Gaspard Gagnière, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Jacques Philippe
Eugène Paignon, Joseph Marie Vaudaux, and Gaspard Ganière, our execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD MACHINES, WITH THE OBJECT OF
ALLOWING THE SUBSTITUTION OF ENDLESS PAPER IN LIEU OF THE PASTEBOARD
PATTERN CARDS HITHERTO USED THEREIN, AND IN MACHINES FOR PERFORATING THE
SAID PAPER," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Jacques
Philippe Eugène Paignon, Joseph Marie Vaudaux, and Gaspard Gagnière,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Jacques Philippe Eugène Paignon,
Joseph Marie Vaudaux, and Gaspard Gagnière, do hereby declare the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
These improvements relate to 1ly, certain modifications of the jacquard
apparatus commonly made use of in looms for weaving figured fabrics, the

page_text: object of which modifications being to allow the substitution of properly per-
forated endless paper in lieu of the pasteboard pattern cards hitherto made
use of in such machines.
2dly, a. modification of perforating press made use of for perforating the
said pasteboard pattern cards, so as to allow of employing the same for the
perforation of the above-mentioned endless paper.
The substitution of paper instead of cardboard in jacquard machines has
hitherto proved rather unsuccessful in practice, in consequence of the pressure
of the paper against the horizontal needles taking place during the time the
latter offer a rather powerful resistance, viz., before their vertical or hooked
wires are resting on the harness board, by which resistance the paper became
very soon so much impaired as to prevent any further regular working of the
apparatus. In order to do away with this defect our improved jacquard
apparatus is arranged in such manner that the endless paper applied on the
cylinder or perforated square axis is pressed against the needles only while
the hooked wires or vertical skewers are resting with their lower end on the
harness board, and thus being kept in equilibrium allow of the slightest
pressure exerted against their respective needles to push back these latter.
The friction roller, by which the cylinder is driven towards the needles or
carried back therefrom, works in such manner in the curved iron as not to
push the cylinder towards the needles while the griff is descending, and by
means of another smaller roller the pressure of the paper against the needles
is exerted only towards the end of the downward stroke of the griff, whilst
the larger roller serves for continuing the action of the press during the
upward stroke of the griff; and in order that the pressure exerted by the
small roller may last sufficiently long for allowing the griff to lift those wires
only as are required to be lifted at that stroke according to the pattern, the
further end of a latch or sliding bolt is pushed between the large roller and
the curved iron at the moment the small roller exerts its pressure by
ascending an incline fixed to the cross bar of the press; the said latch is
connected by suitable lever arms to a fork, against the arms of which a stud
pin fixed to the griff is allowed to act at the required moments, whilst the
working of the latch is thus entirely dependant of that of the griff,
In order that the perforated endless paper should always apply itself pro-
perly against the flat sides or surfaces of the cylinder or perforated square
axis, the said paper is divided over its entire length by means of equadistant
transverse folds or creases into a series of divisions, each corresponding in
width with one side of the cylinder, and so as to make each of these divisions
represent a jacquard card. For this purpose we make use of that class of

page_text: jacquard card punching presses as is known in France under the denomination
of the accelerated punching press, and which has been of late introduced also
in Great Britain. Against the front part of the table of this press we fix, by
screws or other suitable means, an iron rule, whilst a corresponding overlapping
angle iron is fixed to the front of the punching part of the press, in such
manner that during the perforation of the paper, this latter being taken hold
of between the said rule and the overlapping angle iron, a suitable fold or
crease will thus be formed in the paper at each time the punching part is
lowered thereon, after which the paper may be caused to advance for the
distance required for marking and perforating another division.
We now will describe more particularly the various parts of our Invention,
referring thereby to the annexed Drawings, in which Fig. 1 represents a
front elevation view of part of a loom provided with our improved jacquard
machine shown in the position in which the large roller G is at the lowest
part of its stroke in the curved iron or guide E; Fig. 2 represents a similar
view, but at the moment the roller G is at the highest part of its stroke.
Fig. 3 shows a side view on a somewhat larger scale than that of the Figs. 1
and 2, of the press or cylinder frame C, the curved or bent iron E, the large
roller G, the small roller G', and several other parts. In these three Figures
corresponding parts are indicated by the same letters of reference.
i
A represents the uprights, and B the upper cross bar of the loom; C is
the press or cylinder frame, with its cylinder or perforated square axis R,
and to which frame is fixed the bent or curved iron E for guiding or regulating
the to-and-fro swinging motion of the press C by means of the large roller G
gliding in this bent iron E, which roller revolves on a spindle in the projecting
arm or bracket D fixed to the griff frame F, to which griff frame is
also fixed another similar projecting bracket D¹, in the further end of which
the small roller G¹ revolves on a spindle. To the front part of the cross bar
H of the press C is fixed a latch or sliding bolt I, the further end I¹ of which
is at the required moment inserted underneath the roller G, between this
latter and the curved iron E as shown in Fig. 1; this latch is afterwards
carried back to its original position shown in Fig. 2; for this
purpose the
other end of the latch I is provided with two slits i, in which are inserted two
guide pins ¹, fixed in the cross bar H, over which pins the latch is
allowed to slide forward and backward; the latch is further provided with a
pin j, connected by means of a lever arm to the spindle of a fork L, L',
turning by means of this spindle k in proper bearings k¹, whilst on lowering
the griff frame a stud pin M fixed to this frame takes into the fork L, L',
and by pressing on the arm L' thereof causes the latch to be driven-forward

page_text: and the end I thereof to be inserted underneath the roller G between this
Jatter and the curved iron E. To the front of the cross bar H of the press C
an incline P is fixed in such position that on lowering the griff frame the
small roller G will be caused to ascend this incline, thereby pushing the
press C with the cylinder or perforated square axis R towards the horizontal
needles. The two rollers G and G' are moved simultaneously, the smaller
one G¹ serving for carrying the press towards the needles at the end of the
downward stroke of the griff frame, whilst the larger one G₁ causes the pressure
of the press to continue during part of the ascending motion of the griff
frame, and as the press is pushed forward by the small roller G¹ after the
large one G has exerted its effect, the pressure obtained from the roller G
will continue sufficiently long for preventing all the hooked wires or vertical
skewers S to be taken hold of by the respective cross bars of the griff frame;
if the end I¹ of the latch I had not been pushed between the roller G and
the curved iron E at the moment the roller G¹ exerts its pressure by ascending
the incline P, but at the same moment this roller G¹ begins to ascend this
incline P the stud M will press against the arm L' of the fork L, L', and
thereby push the end of the latch I in the open space left between the
curved iron E and the roller G underneath this latter, in consequence of
which the pressure of the press will continue till the cross bars of the griff
frame have passed beyond the hook of the vertical skewers S; the latch I
is then carried back to its original position because of the stud M in its
ascending motion will strike from underneath against the other arm L of
the fork L, L', in consequence of which the latch I will be pushed back.
The motion of the latch I thus being entirely dependant of that of the griff
frame, this latch will consequently be compelled to act or cease to do so at
the required moments in such manner that the modifications we have made to
the jacquard machine will not in any manner interfere with its usual mode
of working, whilst the nature of our improvements allow them to be applied
to any of the existing jacquard machines. In order to soften the working
of the press or cylinder frame, suitable springs Q may be fixed at each side of
the loom for the said frame to act against toward the end of its stroke, and
by the combination of these various means the resistance offered by the
needles to the pressure exerted on them by the paper will be so slight as
not in the least injure this latter if chosen of good quality and of a suffi-
ciently strong nature, such for instance, as strong brown wrapping paper or
others of the same class.
In respect to the perforating of the paper, this may be effected by the
above-mentioned class of jacquard cards, perforating presses, known in France

page_text: under the denomination of accelerated jacquard punching presses. The division
folds mentioned in the beginning of this Specification may be produced either
simply by hand or by providing the said description of jacquard punching
presses with any suitable contrivance for forming in the endless paper the said
division folds or creases either separately or simultaneously with the perforating
of the paper, but for which purpose we prefer adding to the said description
of presses the arrangement described for that purpose in the beginning of this
Specification.
And having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect,
we would add in conclusion, that we do not intend to confine or restrict
ourselves to the precise details of the above described arrangements, as many
variations may be made therefrom without deviating from the principles or
main features of the said Invention; but what we consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, is,
1ly, the general arrangement and mode of working of the above-described
improved jacquard machine, allowing the use of perforated endless paper in
lieu of the ordinary pasteboard pattern cards hitherto made use of in such
machines; the said arrangement being combined in such manner that the
pressure of the paper against the horizontal needles takes place only when
their hooked wires or vertical skewers are resting with their lower ends on
the harness board and thus being in proper equilibrium, allow the said needles
to yield with the utmost facility to the pressure exerted on them by the paper.
2ly, providing the endless paper to be made use of in our improved jacquard
apparatus with proper division folds for the purpose of causing the paper
suitably to apply itself against the flat sides or surfaces of the cylinder or
perforated square axis.
In witness whereof, we, the said Jacques Philippe Eugène Paignon,
Joseph Marie Vaudaux, and Gaspard Gagnière, have hereunto set our
hands and seals, this Twenty-eighth day of December, in the year of
our Lord Eighteen hundred and sixty-one.
J. P. E. PAIGNON. (L.S.)
J. M. VAUDAUX.
G. GAGNIÈRE.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)