Improvements in or applicable to Apparatus for Heating Air and Water.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Aug., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 30th June, 1894-Accepted, 18th Aug., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or applicable to Apparatus for Heating Air
and Water.
1, THOMAS LISHMAN, of 67, Mawson Street, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to apparatus for heating air for warming apartments, and
for heating water for various purposes.
In carrying out my invention provide a fuel chamber arranged to be fed from
the upper part and through the lower part only of which air is allowed to pass, the
direction of the passage of the air being from the front to the back, which latter
opens into a flue leading to the chimney. Above the fuel chamber is an air
chamber having apertures in its front for the egress into the room of the air which
is supplied at the bottom of the apparatus and passes up through a chamber placed
in the flue near the back thereof and through a horizontal passage to the front air
chamber. Beneath the fuel chamber is a passage leading from the front of the
apparatus into the flue and delivering a supply of air immediately behind the rear
opening of the fuel chamber.
By this construction, provided the fuel chamber be kept full of fuel, the gases
from the upper part of the said fuel will be distilled into the incandescent lower
part of the fuel which, in conjunction with the supply of air directly behind the
fuel chamber, will effect their complete combustion and prevent any production
of smoke.
In some cases instead of admitting air through the front of the fuel chamber I
cause the air from the passage beneath the fuel chamber to pass through the back
of the latter to a flue at the front leading to the main flue.
If a supply of hot water be required I can jacket some or all of the various
heating surfaces so as to form water chambers which can be fitted with a suitable
valve and taps.
The hereinbefore described arrangement of fuel chamber can with advantage be
applied to existing open fire-places by simply fitting the said chamber to a plate
adapted to cover in the usual opening and provided with the requisite apertures.
Dated this 31st day of August 1893.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or applicable to Apparatus for Heating Air
and Water.
I, THOMAS LISHMAN, of 67, Mawson Street, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to apparatus for heating air for warming apartments, and
for heating water for various purposes.
In carrying out my invention I provide a fuel chamber arranged to be fed from
ID 077

page_text: the upper part and through the lower part only of which air is allowed to pass,
the direction of the passage of the air being from the front to the back of the
fuel chamber which latter opens into a flue leading to the chimney. Above the
fuel chamber is an air chamber having apertures in its front for the egress into
the room of the air which is supplied at the bottoni of the apparatus and passes
up through a chamber placed in the flue and through a horizontal passage or
passages to the front air chamber. Beneath the fuel chamber is a passage leading
from the front of the apparatus into the flue and delivering a supply of air
immediately behind the rear opening of the fuel chamber.
In some cases instead of admitting air through the front of the fuel chamber I
cause the air from the passage beneath the apparatus to pass through the back of
the fuel chamber to a flue at the front leading to the main flue.
If a supply of hot water be required 1 can jacket some or all of the various
heating surfaces so as to form water chambers which can be fitted with a suitable
valve and taps.
The hereinbefore described arrangement of fuel chamber can with advantage be
applied to existing open fire-places by simply fitting the said chamber to a plate
adapted to cover in the usual opening and provided with the requisite apertures.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe how it can be
carried into practice by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :-
:-
Figure 1 is a front elevation of an air-heating apparatus constructed according
to my invention the direction of the passage of the air through the fuel chamber
being from front to back.
.
Figure 2 is a vertical section on the line A. B Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section on the line C D Figure 2; and,
Figure 4 is a front elevation of a fragment of the back of the fuel chamber.
Figure 5 is a vertical section of my air-heating apparatus in which the direction
of the passage of the air through the fuel chamber is from back to front.
Figure 6 is a front elevation of the same partly in section, taken through the
line EF Figure 5.
Figure 7 is a horizontal section on the line G H Figure 6; and,
Figure 8 is a similar view on the line I J of Figure 6.
Figure 9 is a front elevation illustrating a modification of the arrangement shewn
in Figures 1 to 3.
Figure 10 is a vertical section on the line K L Figure 9.
Figure 11 is a horizontal section on line M M Figure 9; and,
Figure 12 is a front elevation of the back of the fuel chamber.
Figure 13 is a vertical section of a circular form of my apparatus adapted to
heat air for warming an apartment and to furnish a supply of hot water; and,
Figure 14 is a horizontal section of the same on line OP Figure 13.
Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts throughout the drawings.
I will first describe my invention by reference to Figures 1 to 4.
a,
7 indicate the fuel chamber fed with fuel through an opening closed by a
door in the upper part b, from which air is excluded; the lower part a is
constructed with a closed bottom d, vertical front bars e, side bars and back
bars 9 the latter being made so that they close the upper part of the back and only
allow the air to pass through the lower part, the direction of the passage of the air
through the fuel chamber being from the front and sides to the back.
The said bars e, f and g and bottom d and top h of the part a of the fuel
chamber are so fitted together that the bars can be easily removed when requiring
to replace them by new ones.
a,
i is the flue at the back of the fuel chamber into which the latter opens, the said
flue leading to the chimney j; kis the air chamber above the fuel chamber b;
1, are the apertures in the front of the air chamber k; m is the chamber placed in
the flue i and n n the horizontal passages through which the air to be heated
(entering by the holes o, o, o in the bottom p of the apparatus) passes to the air
chamber k, the said air egressing in a heated condition into the room through the

page_text: apertures 1, in the front air chamber k; 9 is the passage leading from the front of
the apparatus into the flue i and delivering a supply of air immediately behind the
rear opening of the lower part a of the fuel chamber; r, r are doors provided with
hit-and-miss gratings for controlling the admission of air through the passage q
such doors also affording access to the bottom part of the flue; o¹, o' are holes in
the front pl of the apparatus for supplying air to the sides of the fuel chamber;
s is a channel for conducting a portion of the air which has been heated in its
passage through the chamber m to the rear of the fuel chamber near the point
where the gases issue therefrom and which heated air passing through the holes t
mingles with the said gases.
The apparatus is advantageously provided with castors to allow of its being
easily moved about.
The direction of travel of the gases and air will be understood by the arrows on
the drawings.
By this construction, provided the fuel chamber a, b be kept full of fuel, the
gases from the upper part of the said fuel will be distilled into the incandescent
lower part of the fuel which, in conjunction with the supply of air issuing through
the gratings in the doors r and through the holes t directly behind the fuel chamber
will cause their complete combustion and prevent any production of smoke and also
effect an economy in the consumption of fuel.
In the apparatus illustrated in Figures 5 to 8, the air to support the combustion
of the fuel in the lower part a of the fuel chamber passes into the latter from the
rear as indicated by the arrows and is derived from the supply entering the
chamber m through the holes o and o' in the bottom p and front p' respectively of
the apparatus and passing up and out in a heated condition through the apertures
into the room, the chamber m being situated at the front of the apparatus and
extending from bottom to top of same, thus dispensing with the separate upper
air chamber k and horizontal communicating-passages n shewn in Figure 2.
u is the flue in front of the fuel chamber which flue receives the gases evolved in
the fuel chamber and is in communication with the main flue i through horizontal
passages v, v located at each side of the upper part of the fuel chamber which
stands out from the front plate p' of the apparatus, the fuel being introduced
through the top of the said part 6 provided with a cover c. The back of the lower
part a of the fuel chamber consists of a grate e and the front consists of a grate g
having short bars the upper part being filled in with fire brick g¹. The sides are
closed and the bottom d is hinged as shewn in Figure 5 (and provided with a
suitable fastening) so as to allow of readily clearing the fuel chamber when
required. The front of the flue u is closed and a tight fitting door a is provided
therein for affording access to the ash pit; y is a door for giving access to the
chamber m and z is a transparent door, preferably of mica, (through which the
fire can be seen) allowing of reaching the front of the fuel chamber. a' is a door
to allow the flue i to be cleaned.
It will be obvious that this form of my heating apparatus can with advantage
be applied to existing open fire-places, the main flue and chimney being in this
case dispensed with, the plate 6', (forming the back of the air-chamber m)
covering in the usual fire-place opening and the passages v, v discharging into the
house flue.
In the modification illustrated in Figures 9 to 12 (in which the direction of the
passage of the air for supporting combustion is from front to back as in Figures 1
to 4) the air chamber m is placed at the rear of the flue i which discharges direct
into the chimney j, the supply of air to the back of the fuel chamber is delivered
through a perforated door r or a hit-and-miss grating r, and the air to be heated
enters the chamber m through the holes o' in the lower part of the front pl of the
apparatus and egresses in a heated state into the apartment through nozzles c¹, c¹
at the top of the apparatus. The front bars e of the fuel chamber are curved and
horizontal, the back bars g are vertical (as shewn in Figure 12) and the bottom d
consists of a grating……

page_text: The apparatus illustrated in Figures 13 and 14 is similar to that described with
reference to Figures 9, 10 and 11 except that it is of circular form, the air to be
heated entering the chamber m which is of annular shape through holes o in the
bottom of the apparatus and issuing into the room through holes 1, 1 in a cover d'
at the top of the apparatus. This cover allows access to the cover e¹ of the water
chamber flocated in the flue i and furnishing a supply of hot water which can be
drawn off through a tap 3. The air delivered to the back of the fuel chamber is
drawn from the air-chamber m through a hole or holes g¹ in the circular wall of
the flue i.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In apparatus for heating air a fuel chamber such as a, b arranged to be fed
from the upper part and through the lower part only of which air is allowed to
pass in combination with the air-chambers m and k and channels for conducting
air through the apparatus and to the back of the fuel chamber substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying
drawings.
2. The improved apparatuses for heating air constructed and arranged substan-
tially as herein before described and illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, Figures 5 to 8,
and Figures 9 to 11 of the accompanying drawings.
3. The improved apparatus for heating air and water constructed and arranged
substantially as herein before described and illustrated in Figures 13 and 14 of the
accompanying drawings.
Dated the 30th day of June 1894.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.