Improvements in Photographio Cameras.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 9th May, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 10th Feb., 1896-Accepted, 14th Mar., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Photographio Cameras.
We, JOHN STUART of 111 New Bond Street in the County of London, Optician
aud SIDNEY MUGGERIDGE of 43 Henry Sticet, Pentonville in the County of
London, Cabinet Makei, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
This invention relates to photographic cameras in which a facsimile of the
picture to be produced upon a sensitized surface is projected onto any suitable
surface under the observation of the person using the camera. This is preferably
effected by means of two lenses one foi admitting light to the sensitized surface on
which the photograph is to be taken and another by which light is admitted to an
angled mirror foi throwing the facsimile image onto a suieen so that in focussing
and adjusting the camera the actual position and condition of the picture to be
produced on the sensitized plate is seen by means of the facsimile
Such cameras,
as hitherto constructed, aie bulky and it is the object of this invention to so
construct them that they can be brought to a comparatively small space when
out of use.
According to this invention the casing of the camera has the forward portions of
the sides hinged or other wise attached (permanently or if desired in such a manner
as to be removeable) to the rear ward poitions so that the said for waid portions cad
be folded out to constitute continuations of the sides when the camera is in use and
be folded inwards to cover the front so constituting closed doors when the camein
18 out of usc. The lens, or lenses, and shutter are, cairied by a front board or
plate to which bellows are attached the rear of the bellows (or of the upper
bellows when two lenses are used) being counected to a sliding framo, and the
whole being mounted upon a base plate of travelling frame sliding in grooves on
guides inside the casing and in continuations of the said grooves or guides along
the inside of the doors or folding portions of the sides. The muror aforesaid is
hinged at its upper edge aud can be pressed outwards at its lower edge by a spring,
or sprugs, or be connected with the part ennying the lens, ou lenses, and bellows,
so that when the said part is moved forward the muor takes up its position for
se and when it is pushed back the said mutor is in the out of use position
The
same forward motion pushes the doors, or folding portions, outwards, or to the
open position, by the pressure of the base plate or travelling frame aforesaid.
To exclude the light when the camera is in use the fiame to which the rear part of
the bellows is attached beans against a frame on bead inside the casing of the
camela When the camera is out of use the part carrying the bellow and the
frame to which they are attached at their rear and the front board or plate
carrying the lens or lenses and shutter are pushed back so that they are all within
the back part of the casing in such a position as to allow of the folding portions of
the sides being folded over the front, after the manner of doors
The car casing
may be still further reduced in depth in construction and the space occupied by the
camera when out of use be correspondingly lessened, if the lens or lenses be
attached to a separate board or plate removeable from the fiout board or plate or
80 mounted that it or they can be removed from the board, or plate, or moved
backwards into, or partly into, the interior of the bellows the folding portions of
the sides then not requiring to be set so far forward as is otherwise necessary.
The mirror, when the parts aforesaid are in this rearward position, retreats, or 13

page_text: retreated, out of the way.
When the caineia is to be used the doors are moved
out and open by the pressure against them of the forward portion of the base plate
oi travelling frame it and the front board or plate with the leas on lenses being
moved forward by a lack or won and pinion or by any other suitable means and
as the said base plate or travelling frame moves for waid it enters the grooves or
guides on the inner sides of the doors or hinged portions of the sides so that the
said doors o hinged portions constitute continuations of the sules of the real
portion of the casing By the continued movement of the base plate ou travelling
frame and attached parts, the frame at the rear of the bellow is brought forward to
bear against the fraine or head inside the casing and the minion assumes its proper
inclined position. The focussing is effected by the continued movement of the
front board or plate carrying the lens ou lenses, the bellows allowing of this.
To close the easing the front board or plate carrying the lens of lenses 19
retreated, the bellows collapse, and the frame at the real of the bellows moves back
and the mor also moves on is moved away. These movements are continued
until the lens or lenses is or are brought inwards beyond the hinged edges of the
folding parts of the sides which are then closed and secured over the front
If the
lens or lenses be made removeable or so that they can be pushed back this 18 of
course done before the said folding parts are closed.
Dated this 9th day of May 1895.
JOIINSONS & WILLCOX
47 Lamcoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C, Agents for the Applicants
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Photographio Cameras.
We, JOHN STUART of 111 New Bond Street, in the County of London,
Optician, and SIDNEY MUGGERIDGE of 43 Henry Street, Pentonville, in the
County of London, Cabinet Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention aud in what manner the same is to be performed to be particulaily
described and ascertained in and by the following statement —
This invention relates to photographic cameras in which a fac-simile of the
picture to be produced upon a sensitized surface is projected onto any suitable
Bu face under the observation of the persou using the camcia. This is prefciably
effected by means of two lenses one for admitting light to the sensitized surface on
which the photograph is to be taken and another by which light is admitted to an
angled muio for throwing the facsimile image onto a scieen so that in focussing
and adjusting the camera the actual position and condition of the picture to be
Such
produced on the sensitized plate 18 seeu by means of the facsimile.
cameras, as hitherto constructed, nie bulky and it is the object of this invention
to so construct them that they can be brought into a comparatively small space
when out of use.
According to this invention the casing of the camera has the forward portions of
the endes hinged or otherwise attached (permanently or if desned in such a manner
as to be removeable) to the real ward portions so that the sand forward portious
can be folded out to constitute continuations of the sides when the camera is in use
aud be folded inwards to cover the front so constituting closed doors when the
camera is out of use The lens, or lenses and shutter are carried by a front board
or plate to which bellows are attached the rear of the bellows (or of the upper
bellows when two lenses are used) being connected to a sliding frame and the whole
being mounted upon a foot piece fitted to slide in a base plate or travelling frame
sliding in grooves or guides inside the casing and in continuations of the said grooves
The mirro
or guides along the inside of the doors or folding portions of the sides
aforesaid which reflects the object or view onto the screen is hinged at its uppei

page_text: edge and can be pressed outwards at its lower edge by a spring or springs or
be connected with the part carrying the lens or lenses, and bellows, so that when
the said part is moved forward the mirror takes up its position for use and when it
is pushed back by the inward movement of the adjustable parts the said mirror is
in the out of use position. The same forward motion pushes the doors, or folding
portions outwards, or to the open position by the pressure of the base plate or
travelling frame aforesaid To exclude the light when the camera is in use the
frame to which the rear part of the bellows is attached, bears against a frame or
bead inside the casing of the camera When the camera is out of use the part
carrying the bellows and the frame to which they are attached at the real and
the front board or plate carrying the lens or lenses and shutter are pushed back so
that they are all within the back part of the casing in such a position as to allow of
the folding portions of the sides being folded over the front after the manner
of doors.
In order that the invention may be clearly understood we will further describe
the same with reference to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 of which represents
ID longitudinal vertical section a twin lens camera constructed according to this
Invention the parts being shewn in the position they occupy when the camera 19
uot in use, Figure 2 is a similar view shewing the parts in the position they occupy
when the camera is in use and Figure 3 18 a plan corresponding to Figure 2
The
lenses and shutter are not shewn in the drawings as they form no part of the
invention and may be of any suitable construction.
A18 the main part of the casing of the camera the sides of which are extended
by folding Haps of doors A hinged to the sides of the main part A which flaps o1
doors can be folded over the forward end of the main pait so as to close the said
end when the parts are in the position shewn in Figure 1. When the camera is in
use the flaps or doors A' are opened out into the position shewn in Figures 2 and 3
in which position they constitute continuations or extensions of the sides of the
main pait A of the casing
B is the front board which canies the lenses and
sbutter and to the back of which is attached the front ends of the bellows C and C,.
the rear end of the bellows C, being attached to the back fame D whilst the rear
end of the bellows C 18 attached to a frame E provided at the upper ends of its
sides or edges with pins or studs which engage and slide in slots a in the inner
sun faces of the sides of the main casing A. The front board B, is carried on a foot
or base B fitted to slide in guides B in a travelling base or plate F sluding in
guides of grooves bin the inner faces of the sides of the casing A and corresponding
guides or grooves provided in the inner faces of the flaps or doors A' the guides
or grooves constituting continuations of the guides or grooves & when tho said
In the
flaps or doors are in then opened out position shewn in Figures 2 and 3.
interior of the real part of the camera is hinged a muro G by which the object or
view to be photographed is thrown onto the screen II the said mirror being
maintained at the requned angle when the camera 18 in use by a spring or springs o
bearing against the back of the said mirror. The frame E to which the rear end
of the bellows C218 attached 18, when the camera is in use, forced by springa d
against a rim or bead e in the casing A, so as to exclude light. When the camera
is not in use the front board B, together with the parts attached thereto are pushed
back within the casing A so as to admit of the Haps or doors A³ being closed and
by this inward movement the mirio G is forced by the frame E, against the
pressure of the spring or springs c into the position shewn in Figure 1 so as to
make room for the sliding parts. The flaps or doors A' are retained in their closed
position by a spring catch on the bottom of the casing A, engaging in a notch or
plate at one of the flaps or doors. When the camera is to be used the
travelling base plate F18 moved outwards by any suitable means, for instance, ns
shewn in the drawings, by means of a worm or long pinion g mounted in bearings
in the casing A, and gearing with racks g' on the underside of the base plate I
the said worm or pinion being rotated in the required direction by a knob or
handle 9 outside the casing. The said base plate carries with it the front board B,

page_text: and parts attached thereto. In the outward movement of this base plate a
projection thereon depresses the sping catch fout of engagement with the ntch
01 plate at in the flap door A" with which it engaged and at the same time the
said base plate or travelling frame F, by coming into contact with the flaps or
doors forces them to then open position so that the said flaps or doors then
constitute continuations of the sides of the casing A and the guides or grooves b
form continuations of the guides on grooves b in the casing A. By the continued
outward movement of the base plate or travelling fiane and attached parts the
frame E at the rear of the bellows is brought forward and caused by the springs d
to bear against the rum or bead e inside the casing so as to exclude light as herein-
before described and the no Gunder the action of the spring or springs € 19
caused to assume its prope inclined position. The focussing is effected by the
movement of the tinvelling base carrying the front board or plate B, together with
the lens or lenses, the bellows allowing of this. The front board is adjustable in
the base plate and can be retained in its adjusted position by a jam-nut oi
clamping screw or other suitable means, the final adjustment for focussing being
effected by means of the worm or pinion g and lacks g. To close the casing the
front board or plate carrying the lens or lenses is retieated by turning the
worm in the reverse direction thereby causing the bellows C, C to collapse and
the frame E at the rear of the bellows to move back and by pressing against the
lower end of the mirror G tho said mirror is also moved back against the
pressure of the springe c towards the back frame D. Theso movements arc
continued until the lens o lenses is or are brought within the casing A so as to
admit of the flaps or doors A being closed and secured over the front of the
casing A. It the lens o lenses be made removeable or so that they can be pushed
back this is of course done before the said folding parts are closed. Gis au
adjustable mirror in which the object on view to be photographed is reflected and
can be seen without looking down onto the screen II. This mirror is mounted in a
frame which constitutes a houd
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the sand mven-
tion and in what maune the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1 In a photographie camera, lunged flaps en doors for closing the forward end
of the camera, the said flaps or doors when opened out constituting continuations of
the sides of the camera and being provided with guides or grooves constituting
continuations of guides oi grooves in the sides of the camera foi the moveable parts
of the camera, substantially as bei embefore described.
2. In a photographic camera the combination with the front board of the camera
to which the front end of the bellows is attached of a sliding fiame to which tho
rear end of the bellows is attached and a um or bead inside the casing of the camera
against which 11m or bead the said fiame 18 caused to bear when the bellows is
expanded substantially as herein before described.
3. In a photographic camera the combination of a hinged or pivotted mirror by
which the object or view to be photographed is reflected onto the screen and a
sliding fiame to which the rear end of the bellows is attached the said inirro being
retained at the required angle by spings and capable of being moved towards the
back of the camera by the ward movement of the sliding fiame substantially ag
and for the purpose herein before described.
4 The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the improved photo-
graphic camera substantially as her embefore described and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 10th day of February 1896