IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARETTES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARETTES," A communication
from abroad by Charles Goodwin Emery, Tobacco Manufacturer, and William
Hanson Emery, Machinist, both of Brooklyn, New York, United States of
America.
Sealed the 10th October 1879, and dated the 3rd June 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd June 1879.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING
CIGARETTES." [A communication from abroad by Charles Goodwin Emery, Tobacco
Manufacturer, and William Hanson Emery, Machinist, both of Brooklyn, New
York, United States of America.]
The object of this Invention is to provide a machine by means of which loose
tobacco can be formed into a continuous filler, and a continuous enclosing wrapper
formed around said filler, and the overlapping edges of the same coated with cement,
forming a continuous cigarette which is fed forward and cut into suitable lengths,
the operation being automatic throughout.
To this end the said Invention comprises,
First. The combination in a machine for making cigarettes, of a hopper for con-
taining and delivering tobacco, a travelling belt for receiving tobacco from said
hopper, and a belt curver or filler chamber, whereby the tobacco deposited on the
belt is carried forward, and the belt caused to assume a circular or approximately
circular form for compressing the tobacco therein for forming a cylindrical filler for
a cigarette.
Secondly. The combination in a machine for making cigarettes, of a hopper pro-
vided with one or more oscillating distributors for containing and delivering
tobacco, a travelling belt for receiving tobacco from said hopper, and a belt-curver
or filler chamber, whereby tobacco deposited upon the belt is carried forward, and

page_text: the belt caused to assume a circular or approximately circular form to compress the
tobacco, thereby forming a cylindrical filler for a cigarette.
Thirdly. The combination with an endless travelling belt for receiving and
carrying forward loose tobacco for forming a filler for cigarettes, of a belt-curver or
filler chamber through which the belt is passed, whereby the same is curved longi-
tudinally a part of its length into tubular or approximately tubular form around a
filler.
Fourthly. The combination with an endless travelling belt for receiving and
carrying forward loose tobacco to form a filler, of a belt-curver or filler chamber,
and a filler forming tube, whereby said belt is curved around the tobacco to form a
filler for a cigarette.
Fifthly. The combination with an endless travelling belt, of a belt curver or filler
chamber, a filler forming tube, and a pressure roller adapted to rotate between the
edges of the belt after it is curved around the tobacco to pack the same therein, and
to prevent the escape of particles of tobacco over the edges of the belt, and to leave
said edges free.
Sixthly. The combination with an endless belt for receiving and conveying loose
tobacco forward to form a filler for cigarettes, of a pulley arrangement for flattening
the belt as it leaves the table, whereby the filler is released for subsequently
receiving a wrapper.
Seventhly. The combination with an endless belt for receiving and conveying
loose tobacco forward to form a filler for cigarettes, of a pulley arrangement for
flattening the belt as it leaves the table, and a suitable "bridge" for supporting the
filler as it is carried forward to be enclosed or encased in a wrapper.
Eighthly. The combination with an endless flexible belt and filler forming tube,
of a guide for wrapping or enclosing a wrapper around said filler, and a flexible
finger arranged to pass between the overlapping edges of the wrapper for keeping
the same separated, and compressing and holding the inner and lower edges of the
wrapper upon the filler.
Ninthly. The combination with an endless belt, a filler forming tube, and a guide
for applying a wrapper around a filler, of a conductor or chamber through which
the continuous filler and wrapper are conveyed to a suitable pasting device, whereby
the swelling of the filler is prevented, and the wrapper is held in form while the
edges are secured by pasting.
Tenthly. The combination with an endless belt, a filler forming tube, and a guide
for wrapping a wrapper around a filler, of a paste supplying and distributing device
and suitable operating mechanism for automatically applying a sufficient and
uniform quantity of paste between the overlapping edges of the wrapper.
Eleventhly. The combination of a gauge or former for uniting the edges of the
wrapper, with a paste supplying and distributing disc and mechanism for operating
the same, a guide for wrapping the wrapper around the filler, a filler forming tube,
and an endless flexible belt.
Twelfthly. The combination with an endless flexible belt and a guide tube, of a
delivery tube and suitable cutting devices, whereby a continuous cigarette of any
desired diameter can be advanced and severed into desired lengths.
The various tubes or conductors employed in forming the filler, applying the
wrapper and completing the continuous cigarette, may be of any desired length or
size, and of any desirable material, such as metal, glass, or porcelain. The operation
of the said improved apparatus is as follows, that is to say :-
Long cut tobacco, which has been drawn or impregnated with moisture several
hours before, is deposited in the wrapper, being thrown lightly in and evenly dis-
tributed so as not to pack or bring the weight of the top of the mass on the lower
portions of the same. The working parts of the apparatus having been set in
motion, the distributor will separate and distribute the tobacco in about uniform
quantities and parcels upon the filler carrying belt, making a continuous and un-
broken mass free from all lumps and matting. The belt with the tobacco then
enters the belt curver or filler chamber, and as it travels toward the contracted end,

page_text: it is curved into an approximately circular or tubular form around the tobacco. As
it emerges from said belt curver or filler chamber, the roller or wheel just in advance
of the same presses and compacts the tobacco so as to prevent the escape of particles
of the same over the sides of the belt, leaving the edges of the belt free to be
subsequently closed over the tobacco. From thence it passes into the filler forming
tube in which the belt is completely wrapped around the tobacco, forming a cylin-
drical filler ready to receive a wrapper. The belt after leaving the last mentioned
chamber, passes over the pulley in the opening through the table just ahead of the
conductor, whereby the belt is flattened, and the filler in a continuous mass passes
forward over the "bridge" to the wrapping devices, being supported on its way by
the "bridge." It then enters the upper portion of the guide, through which a strip
of paper is fed in a continuous piece from a feed roller. The contracted end of the
guide through which the paper and filler pass gradually folds the paper into a
cylindrical tube around the moving filler, and the two pass on together into the tube
just ahead, having overlapping edges in which the edges of the paper are over-
lapped and prepared for the reception of the adhesive cement or paste. This is
applied by the rotating disc of the pasting device, the edge of which rotates between
the overlapped edges of the paper, distributing the paste evenly to the upper over-
lapped edge, which is held against the disc by means of the flexible finger, the paste
being evenly distributed to the disc by means of the "doctor" forming part of the
paste receptacle. After passing the paste receptacle, the filler in its wrapper passes
through a gauge or tube, by means of which the pasted edges are united. Just
beyond the gauge the filler belt is brought upward through a suitable opening over
a pulley, and causes to pass through a cylindrical tube, the filler in its wrapper
entering along with it. In this tube the belt is curved around the filler, and its
wrapper drawing them forward and compressing and holding the cemented edges of
the wrapper together, until the paste or cement has set. The completed continuous
cigarette then passes through a guide or delivery tube, by means of which it is
guided and presented to the operator for cutting by hand, or to the automatic
cutters which operate at suitable intervals, to cut the continuous moving cigarette
into proper lengths, which drop into a suitable spout by which they are discharged
into a proper receptacle.
The various parts of the apparatus are so constructed and arranged that they will
work in proper relation to advance the continuous cigarette to the cutters at a
uniform speed, so that the cutters will be operated at uniform intervals to sever the
cigarette in uniform and equal lengths ready for the market.
Should the mass of tobacco on the belt, after it has been delivered from the
hopper, from any accident become broken or insufficient in quantity, the attendant
can remedy the fault by placing a sufficient quantity of the tobacco on the belt to
fill up the space.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd
December 1879.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING
CIGARETTES." A communication from abroad by Charles Goodwin Emery, Tobacco
Manufacturer, and William Hanson Emery, Machinist, both of Brooklyn, New
York, United States of America.
The object of this Invention is to provide a machine by means of which loose
tobacco can be formed into a continuous filler, and a continuous enclosing wrapper
formed around said filler, and the overlapping edges of the same coated with
eement, thereby forming a continuous cigarette which is fed forward and cut into
suitable lengths, the operation being automatic throughout.
The said Invention comprises,―
First. The combination in a machine for making cigarettes of a hopper for
containing and delivering tobacco, a travelling belt for receiving tobacco from said
hopper, and a belt curver or filler chamber, whereby the tobacco deposited on the
belt is carried forward, and the belt caused to assume a circular or approximately
circular form for compressing the tobacco therein, for forming a cylindrical filler for
a cigarette.
Also, the combination in a machine for making cigarettes of a hopper provided
with one or more oscillating distributors for containing and delivering tobacco,
a travelling belt for receiving tobacco from said hopper, and a belt curver or filler
chamber whereby tobacco deposited upon the belt is carried forward, and the belt
caused to assume a circular or approximately circular form to compress the tobacco,
thereby forming a cylindrical filler for a cigarette.
Also, the combination with an endless travelling belt for receiving and carrying
forward loose tobacco, for forming a filler for cigarettes of a belt curver or filler
chamber through which the belt is passed, whereby the same is curved longi-
tudinally a part of its length into tubular or approximately tubular form around a
filler.
Also, the combination with an endless travelling belt for receiving and carrying
forward loose tobacco to form a filler of a belt curver or filler chamber, and a filler
forming tube, whereby said belt is curved around the tobacco to form a filler for a
cigarette.
Also, the combination with an endless travelling belt of a belt curver or filler
chamber, a filler forming tube, and a pressure roller adapted to rotate between the
edges of the belt after it is curved around the tobacco, to pack the same therein, and
to prevent the escape of particles of tobacco over the edges of the belt, and to leave
said edges free.
Also, the combination with an endless belt for receiving and conveying loose
tobacco forward to form a filler for cigarettes, of a pulley arrangement for flattening
the belt as it leaves the table, whereby the filler is released for subsequently
receiving a wrapper.
Also, the combination with an endless belt for receiving and conveying loose
tobacco forward to form a filler for cigarettes, of a pulley arrangement for flattening
the belt as it leaves the table, and a suitable "bridge" for supporting the filler as
it is carried forward to be enclosed or encased in a wrapper.
Also, the combination with an endless flexible belt and filler forming tube, of a
guide for wrapping or placing a wrapper around said filler, and a flexible finger
arranged to pass between the overlapping edges of the wrapper for keeping the
same separated, and compressing and holding the inner and lower edge of the
wrapper upon the filler.
Also, the combination with an endless belt, a filler forming tube, and a guide for

page_text: applying a wrapper around a mer, or a com
continuous filler and wrapper are conveyed to a suitable pasting device, whereby
the swelling of the filler is prevented, and the wrapper is held in form while the
edges are secured by pasting.
Also, the combination with an endless belt, a filler forming tube, and a guide for
placing a wrapper around a filler, of a paste supplying and distributing device, and
suitable operating mechanism for automatically applying a sufficient and uniform
quantity of paste between the overlapping edges of the wrapper.
Also, the combination of a gauge or former for uniting the edges of the wrapper
with a paste supplying and distributing disc and mechanism for operating the
sane, a guide for placing the wrapper around the filler, a filler forming tube, and
an endless flexible belt.
Also, the combination with an endless flexible belt and a guide tube, of a
delivery tube, and suitable cutting devices, whereby a continuous cigarette of any
desired diameter can be advanced and severed into desired lengths.
In the accompanying Drawings,-
Figure 1 represents a perspective view of an improved machine constructed
according to this Invention for manufacturing cigarettes.
Figures 2 and 2 represent top views of different portions of the said machine.
Figures 3 and 30 represent these portions partly in side elevation, and partly
in longitudinal section.
Figure 4 represents a top view drawn to an enlarged scale of that portion of the
apparatus where the travelling fillor carrying belt is carried away from the
continuous filler, and the continuous wrapper applied thereto.
Figure 5 represents a view of the same portion partly in section, and partly in
side clevation.
Figure 6 represents an elevation shewing the mechanism for operating the
distributor in the hopper.
Figure 7 represents a detached front view of one modification of the mechanism
for operating the cutting devices.
Figure 8 represents a side elevation of the same.
Figure 9 represents a front view of another modification of mechanism for
operating the cutting devices.
Figure 10 represents a side elevation of the same.
Figure 11 represents views of the pressure 'roller for packing the tobacco into
the endless filler carrying belt after it has been curved into tubular form by the
bell mouth conductor.
Figure 12 represents views of the gauge through which the continuous filler and
its wrapper are passed after leaving the pasting device.
Figure 13 represents a perspective view of the bent or twisted guide for con-
veying the paper from the paper roll, and causing it to assume a tubular form for
receiving the continuous filler.
Figure 14 represents views of the flexible finger for separating the overlapping
edges of the wrapper, and holding the inner or lower edge upon the filler.
Figure 13 and 150, represent elevations of the pasting device shewing the paste-
applying disc in position between the edges of the wrapper, and the flexible finger
for pressing the overlapping edges of the wrapper upon the said disc.
Figure 16 represents a top view of the same.
Figure 17 represents a perspective view of the tube having overlapped edges for
separating the edges of the wrapper.
Figure 18 represents a view of the rear end of the apparatus with the top
removed, shewing the driving shaft with the driving pulley, the pulley for
operating the filler-carrying belt, the pulley for operating the driving belt, and the
pulley for operating the pasting device, and a worm-wheel and endless worm screw,
and gearing for operating the cutter mechanism.
Figure 19 represents a similar view of a modification of the mechanism, shewing

page_text: the driving shaft having mounted thereon the driving pulley, the pulley for
operating the filler-carrying belt, the pulley for operating the driving belt, and the
pulley for operating the pasting mechanism, and gearing for actuating the cutters.
Figure 20 represents a top view of a series of cigarette machines suitably
mounted on a table or platform, whereby the entire series can be placed under the
charge of a single operator or attendant, and
Figure 21 represents a detached view shewing the pasting devices adjustably
mounted on the table.
A indicates a table constructed of any suitable material and carrying the working
parts of my improved apparatus; B indicates the driving shaft journalled in
bearings C in the frame of the table near one end, and carrying the driving pulley
D to which power is transmitted through the medium of a suitable driving belt.
E indicates a pulley which carries and gives motion to the filler carrying belt F,
which passes around a similar pulley G mounted on a shaft H journalled in
bearings I near the opposite end of the table. The said filler-belt passes up
through an opening L in the top of the table, and extends longitudinally over the
top of the same; and immediately above the said filler-belt just in advance of
where it passes through the table is located a hopper M, supported upon suitable
standards as at N above the said belt. The hopper may in some instances be provided
with a transverse gate n adapted to be moved longitudinally to regulate the capacity
of the hopper. The said hopper has journalled near its bottom one or more
oscillating distributors P provided with a series of pins or projections Q on its
periphery, and projecting through the hopper at one end, where it is provided with
a pinion R which intermeshes with a gear wheel; but a cogged segment S is
preferable, as shewn in Figures 2, 3, and 6; this segment or gear wheel is mounted
upon the end of a shaft T journalled in standards U, secured to the top of the
table. The said segment or gear wheel on its face is provided with a pin X on
which may be mounted a friction roller W, which works in a longitudinal slot Y
in the right angled extension of a reciprocating bar Z, which sets in ways or guides
A¹ secured to the frame of the table. The lower end of the said bar is provided
with a right angled cross head C¹ having a horizontal slot D', in which a pin E'
secured to a rotating disc F1, Figure 6, euters the latter, being mounted upon a
shaft G¹ which is journalled in the frame of the table. The said shaft G¹ is
pided with a pulley I' over which passes a belt K¹ from a pulley L' on the shaft H,
by means of which a rotary motion is given to the shaft G₁ and the disc F¹, and
an oscillating motion is imparted to the distributor P through the medium of the
reciprocating bar Z, segment S, and pinion R.
pro-
The hopper M is provided at its bottom with an opening M', from which extends
a gradually contracted delivery spout N', extending longitudinally over the filler
carrying belt F.
The filler-carrying belt extends forward over the top of the table through a bell-
mouth flaring or gradually contracted belt-curver or filler chamber B¹, secured to
the top of the table, and by means of which the belt is curved longitudinally a part
of its length into a semi-tubular or approximately tubular form, compressing the
tobacco dropped from the hopper into an approximately cylindrical shape.
O¹ indicates a roller mounted on a shaft P', journalled in suitable standards
mounted upon the table just in advance of the belt curver or filler chamber. Said
roller presses upon the tobacco in the curved portion of the belt as it is carried
along, preventing the escape of particles of tobacco between the edges, and leaving
the edges of the belt free to be subsequently brought in contact with each other in
close union.
After passing through the belt curver or filler chamber B¹ the belt and tobacco
are carried together through a filler forming tube R¹, in which the belt is formed
or brought into a perfect tube, compressing the tobacco therein into cylindrical
shape, and forming the filler which passes continuously forward, as more fully here-
inafter described. The filler carrying belt is then carried forward over a pulley S¹,

page_text: journalled in a transverse slot T¹, in the top of the table, in suitable bearings
(Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5), and thence downward around a pulley V', journalled in
bearings in a hanger W₁, and forward over a pulley, to be hereinafter specified.
X indicates a metallic plate, which may be termed a "bridge;" it spaus or covers
the slot T¹ just in advance of the pulley S', around which pulley the filler-carrying
belt is carried downward; this "bridge" serves to sustain the continuous filler, and
secures a free passage for it as it proceeds on to the wrapper into and out through
the twisted guide.
As indicates a paper reel on a vertical shaft B³, journalled in bearings in the
underside of the table top and a hanger C; and D2, a roll of paper mounted
thercon; E indicates a metallic guide bent or twisted as indicated in Figure 13,
and extending from a point opposite the paper roll below the top of the table trans-
versely, then vertically through the aperture T¹, and then horizontally forward
from the same in line with the filler carrying belt, as indicated in Figure 5. The
edges of said guide are folded over longitudinally, as indicated by the letter T³,
forming a channel for the paper, and the forward end is gradually contracted and
brought to an approximately conical or circular shape, as indicated at G. The
paper passes up through this guide, and is gradually brought into cylindrical shape,
and at the same time wrapped around the continuous filler. In close proximity to
the outlet of the twisted guide is a flexible finger K² passing between the two
edges of the paper tubo or wrapper for keeping the edges of the paper separated,
compressing and holding the inner or lower edge upon the filler, and guiding and
holding it in proper form. The filler, with its wrapper, is then conducted into a
chamber or tube I, the edges of which overlap each other so as to leave an inter-
vening space between the said edges of sufficient size for the passage of one edge of
the paper or wrapper. The chamber or tube also prevents the swelling of the filler
and consequent expansion of the wrappor, and retains the filler and wrapper in
form until the edges of the wrapper are secured by pasting.
The pasting device or mechanism is located near the end of the tube or chamber I
in such a position that the disc L³, which supplies the paste to the wrapper, will
have its edge during rotation between the two edges of the wrapper. In the present
example the said disc supplies the paste to the underside of the overlapping edges
of the wrapper, but it may be constructed to apply it to the outer edge or to both
edges. Rotary motion is imparted to said disc L³, which revolves underneath the
paste reservoir S2, and forms the bottom thereof in any suitable manner so as to
tako up and deliver a sufficient and uniform quantity of paste to the edge or edges
of the wrapper. In the present instance the paste disc is mounted upon an upright
journal M, and is rotated thereon by means of a pulley N³, around which is carried
an endless band O2, passing over pulleys Os (Figure 3), and around a pulley P³,
Figure 2, on the driving shaft B of the apparatus. A flexible finger R² is located
in such a position with regard to the pasting disc as to hold the overlapping portion
of the wrapper which receives the paste upon said pasting disc, and ensure the
application of the paste to such overlapping portion. The paste reservoir is pro-
vided with a suitable gate or "doctor" T for regulating the quantity of paste in order
to supply it uniformly to the wrapper. In this example the paste device is made
stationary on the table. In the modification shewn in Figure 21 the upright
carrying the paste distributing disc and the paste receptacle is mounted upon an
adjustable plate Us, arranged in a guide V formed directly in the table or in a
metallic plate setting in a recess in the table, and confined therein by means of a
set screw W passing through a slot in the plate U³, by means of which the paste
cup and disc can be readily removed for cleansing, and can be adjusted to and
from the edges of the wrapper. A³, Figure 12, indicates a gauge located just
beyond the pasting device, through which the pasted paper and filler pass after
leaving the pasting device, by means of which the overlapping edges of the wrapper
enclosing the continuous filler are secured. The said gauge may be made adjustable
if desired, as shewn in Figures 2 and 12 of the Drawings. Immediately beyond
said gauge is an opening B³ in the table, through which the filler carrying belt

page_text: again passes upward over a pulley C³, mounted on a shaft journalled in bearings D³,
Figure 2. The filler carrying belt then passes forward through a tube E³, secured
to the top of the table. The filler, in its sealed wrapper, which may be termed a
continuous cigarette, is again taken up by the filler carrying belt, and is conducted
through the tube E³. The said tube causes the belt to again assume its circular
form, enclosing the continuous sealed cigarette, whereby the same is carried through
the tube, which may be surrounded with a heating jacket to cause the paste or
adhesive cement to dry or set and impart a finish to the same. After passing
through the tube E the filler carrying belt again passes down through an opening FS
in the top of the table, over the pulley E, on the driving shaft back to the pulley G,
passing on its way over a double flanged roller journalled at one end of a lever J³,
to the other end of which is secured a counterbalance, by means of which the filler
belt is kept "taut." The continuous cigarette is conducted from the tube E³ into
and through a guide and delivery tube G³, the receiving end of which should be
made a bell-mouth shape, by which the said finished continuous cigarette is guided
and retained in a perfectly straight condition, the result being that as the same
issues from the said guide and delivery tube it will be delivered in proper position
to be cut into suitable lengths, which may be done by an attendant with a pair of
scissors or other suitable device.
It will thus be seen that the cigarette can be cut off by the operator in the desired
lengths, but I prefer to automatically cut or sever the same, and have devised
mechanism to carry the same into effect; but I wish it understood that I do not
intend to limit myself to any particular mechanism for the purpose. In the present
example I have illustrated several modes or forms of mechanism for operating the
cutters, which may be of a circular or ordinary blade form. The cutters in the
present example consist of two circular knives H³, mounted upon journals having
their bearings at the upper ends of the levers O³, which are fulcrumed to a boss
attached to the table frame. The said levers are provided with pins Q³, which
enter slots R³, in the branches S³ of a bifurcated reciprocating bar T3, which travels
in ways or guides U³ in a bracket V attached to the table frame. To this
reciprocating bar is pivotted at Ws the upper end of a link X³, the lower end of
which is pivotted to a crank pin Y³ on a disc Z", which is mounted upon a journal A*,
having its bearing in boxes B' secured to the table frainc. The said journal carries
a gear wheel C, which intermeshes with a gear wheel D³, mounted on a shaft E',
having its bearings in the frame of the table at F. Motion is imparted to said
journal from the driving shaft by means of any suitable gearing. As shown in
Figures 2 and 3 of the Drawings the power is, transmitted to said shaft E* by
means of a belt G, extending around a pulley H on the driving shaft, and a
pulley 1' on the said shaft E+.
In the modifications represented in Figures 18 and 19 motion is imparted to said
journal by means of positive gearing.
As illustrated in Figure 18 the driving shaft is provided with a worm wheel K*,
which intermeshes with an endless or worm screw L' at one end of the shaft E,
the other end of said shaft carrying the gear wheel D₁, which intermeshes with the
gear wheel C, on the shaft A+
As illustrated in Figure 19 the driving shaft is provided with a toothed wheel M*
which intermeshes with a cog wheel N on the shaft E which carries the gear
wheel D intermeshing with the gear wheel C on the shaft A* for transmitting
motion to the cutter operating devices. .
A belt O' extends from a pulley P on the driving shaft to a pulley R* on the
shaft H in order to transmit motion from the driving shaft to said shaft H. It is
absolutely necessary that a rapid and uniform motion should be imparted to the
cutters, and I propose to organize and arrange mechanism by means of which nearly
three thousand revolutions or upwards per minute may be imparted to said cutters in a
manner substantially as follows:-To the boss P is journalled a revolving pulley St
having two parallel grooves T in its periphery, from which extend the endless
bands V' over the grooved pulleys U1 mounted on journals having their bearings at

page_text: the upper ends of the respective levers 0³. The said pulley S has rigidly attached
to it a sinaller pulley P³ around which extends an endless belt Ws from a pulley Y
mounted on the shaft A+. The respective pulleys Y4, PS, S', and U are of such
diameter relatively to each other that the cutters H³ will be revolved at a high rate
of speed, by means of which a shear cut will be given when the cutters are brought
together upon the cigarette, and the lengths evenly and neatly separated. Other
mechanism may be substituted for the drum on the shaft A for driving the
pulleys S, as for instauce gearing connected directly with the driving shaft of the
imachine or other working parts thereof.
One or more sets of apparatus may be run by one attendant, and they may be
conveniently arranged, as shewn in Figure 20, in two sets, each at the right and left
of the attendant with a connecting table in front.
The various tubes or conductors employed in forming the filler, applying the
wrapper, and completing the continuous cigarette may be of any desired length or
size and of any desirable material, such as metal, glass, or porcelain.
The operation of the said improved apparatus is as follows:-Long cut tobacco
which has been drawn or impregnated with moisture several hours before, is
deposited in the hopper, being thrown lightly in and evenly distributed so as not to
pack or bring the weight of the top of the mass on the lower portions of the
saine.
The working parts of the apparatus having been set in motion, the distributor
will separate and distribute the tobacco in about uniform quantities and parcels
upon the filler carrying belt, making a continuous and unbroken mass, free from all
lumps and matting. The belt with the tobacco then enters the belt curver or filler
chamber, and as it travels towards the contracted end it is curved into an
approximately circular or tubular form around the tobacco. As it emerges from
said belt curver or filler chamber the roller or wheel just in advance of the same
presses and compacts the tobacco so as to prevent the escape of particles of tho
same over the sides of the belt, leaving the edges of the belt free to be subsequently
closed over the tobacco. From thence it passes into the filler forming tube in which
the belt is completely wrapped around the tobacco, forming a cylindrical filler ready
to receive a wrapper. The belt after leaving the last mentioned chamber passes
over the pulley in the opening through the table just in advance of the conductor,
whereby the belt is flattened, and the filler in a continuous mass passes forward over
the "bridge" to the wrapping devices, being supported on its way by the "bridge,"
it then enters the upper portion of the guide through which a strip of paper is fed
in a continuous piece from a feed roller. The contracted end of the guide through
which the paper and, filler pass gradually folds the paper into a cylindrical tube
around the moving filler, and the two pass on together into the tube just ahead,
having overlapping edges in which the edges of the paper are overlapped and prepared
for the reception of the adhesive cement or paste. This is applied by the rotating
disc of the pasting device, the edge of which rotates between the overlapped edges of
the paper, distributing the paste evenly to the upper overlapped edge, which is held
against the disc by means of the flexible finger, the paste being evenly distributed
to the disc by means of the "doctor" forming part of the paste receptacle; after
passing the paste receptacle the filler in its wrapper passes through a gauge or tube,
by means of which the pasted edges are united. Just beyond the gauge the filler
belt is brought upward through a suitable opening over a pulley and caused to pass
through a cylindrical tube, the filler in its wrapper entering along with it. In this
tube the belt is curved around the filler and its wrapper, drawing them forward and
compressing and holding the cemented edges of the wrapper together until the paste
or cement has set. The completed continuous cigarette then passes through a guide
or delivery tube, by means of which it is guided and presented to the operator for
cutting by hand, or to the automatic cutters which operate at suitable intervals to
cut the continuous moving cigarette into proper lengths which drop into a suitable
spout by which they are discharged into a proper receptacle.
•
The various parts of the said apparatus are so constructed and arranged that

page_text: they will work in proper relation to advance the continuous cigarette to the cutters
at a uniform speed so that the cutters will be operated at uniform intervals to sever
the cigarette in uniform and equal lengths ready for the market.
Should the mass of tobacco on the belt, after it has been delivered from the hopper,
from any accident become broken or insufficient in quantity, the attendant can
remedy the fault by placing a sufficient quantity of the tobacco on the belt to fill
⚫up the space.
Having thus fully described the said Invention, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it under-
stood that I claim,-
First. The combination in a machine for manufacturing cigarettes of a hopper
for containing and delivering tobacco, a travelling belt for receiving tobacco from
the said hopper, and a belt curver or filler chamber, whereby tobacco deposited upon
the belt is carried forward and the belt is caused to assume a circular or an
approximately circular form for compressing the tobacco therein, thereby forming a
cylindrical filler for a cigarette.
Second. The combination in a machine for manufacturing cigarettes of a hopper
provided with one or more oscillating distributors for containing and delivering
tobacco, a travelling belt for receiving tobacco from the said hopper, and a belt
curver or filler chamber whereby tobacco deposited upon the belt is carried
forward, and the belt is caused to assume a circular or an approximately circular
form, for compressing the tobacco therein, thereby forming a cylindrical filler for
a cigarette.
Third. In combination with an endless travelling belt for receiving and carrying
forward loose tobacco to form a filler for cigarettes a belt curver or filler chamber
through which the belt is passed, and whereby the same is curved longitudinally
throughout a part of its length into a tubular or approximately tubular form around
a filler.
Fourth. In combination with an endless travelling belt for receiving and carrying
forward loose tobacco to form a filler, a belt curver or filler chamber, and a filler
forming tube, whereby the said belt is curved around the tobacco to form a filler
for a cigarette.
Fifth. In combination with an endless travelling belt a belt curver or filler
chamber, a filler forining tube, and a pressure roller adapted to rotate between the
edges of the belt after it is curved around the tobacco, to pack the same therein, and
to prevent the escape of particles of tobacco over the edges of the belt, and to leave
the said edges free.
Sixth. The combination with an endless belt for receiving and conveying loose
tobacco forward to form a filler for cigarettes, and a filler forming tube, of a pulley
arrangement for flattening the belt as it leaves the table, whereby the filler is
released for subsequently receiving a wrapper.
Seventh. The combination with an endless belt for receiving and conveying
loose tobacco forward to form a filler for cigarettes, and a filler-forming tube of a
pulley arrangement for flattening the belt as it leaves the table, and a "bridge"
for supporting the tiller as it is carried forward to be enclosed or encased in a
wrapper.
Eighth. The combination of a flexible belt and a filler former tube with a guide
for delivering a wrapper, whereby a filler for cigarettes is made and enclosed in a
wrapper to form a cigarette.
Ninth. In combination with an endless flexible belt and filler-forming tube, a
guide for wrapping or placing a wrapper around the said filler and a flexible finger
arranged to pass between the overlapping edges of the wrapper for keeping the
same separated, and compressing and holding the inner and lower edge of the
wrapper upon the filler.
Tenth. In combination with an endless belt, a filler-forming tube and a guide for
applying a wrapper around a filler, a conductor or chamber through which the
continuous filler und wrapper are conveyed to a suitable pasting device, whereby

page_text: the swelling of the filler is prevented and the wrapper is held in form while the
edges are secured by pasting.
Eleventh. In combination with an endless belt, a filler-forming tube and a guide
for wrapping a wrapper around a filler, a paste supplying and distributing device and
suitable operating mechanism for automatically applying a sufficient and uniform
quantity of paste between the overlapping edges of the wrapper.
Twelfth. The combination of a gauge or former for uniting the edges of the
wrapper with a paste supplying and distributing disc and mechanism for operating
the same, a guide for placing a wrapper around the filler, a filler-forming tube,
and an endless flexible belt, all to operate in a manner essentially as described.
Thirteenth. In combination with devices for forming a continuous cigarette an
endless belt and a guide tube whereby a continuous filler in a sealed wrapper is
enclosed and carried forward.
Fourteenth. In combination with devices for forming a continuous cigarette of any
desired size an endless belt, a guide tube, and a delivery tube whereby a continuous
cigarette is presented to the action of suitable cutting mechanism for division into
desired lengths.
Fifteenth. The combination of an endless belt and guide-tube with a delivery
tube and suitable cutting devices, whereby a continuous cigarette of any desired
diameter can be advanced and severed into any desired lengths.
Sixteenth. The combination in a cigarette machine of a travelling belt for
carrying the tobacco forward, a hopper with one or more distributors for distri-
buting the tobacco thereon, a belt-curver or filler chamber for curving the belt
around the tobacco to form a continuous filler, a guide for conducting the wrapper
to the filler and enveloping the same therein, and a suitable device for pasting the
edges of the wrapper to form a continuous cigarette with or without suitable
devices for cutting it into lengths desirable for the market.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.