Improvements in or relating to Coke Ovens.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 10th June, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Coke Ovens.
A communication from FRANZ JOSEF COLLIN, of Dortmund, in the Empire.of
Germany, Engineer.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
The object of the hereinafter described arrangement of coke-ovens is to provide
a passage for the gases in which a very high temperature is kept up and to adapt
the oven for coking coal containing small quantities of gas and incapable of satis-
factory baking; it also comprises the extraction of bye-products in the course of the
manufacture of coke from coal sufficiently rich in fatty substances.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings
in which
Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of one oven-wall on line a b Figs. 3, 4
and 5.
Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of one of the coking chambers, on
line c d.
Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are horizontal sections on lines 1-2, 3-4 and 5-6, Fig. 1,
respectively.
Figs. 6 and 7 are cross sections on lines ef and g h Figs. 3, 4 and 5 respectively.
To prevent any cooling action from above, there are arranged in the ceiling of
the oven above the arch, a number of preliminary chambers C to which the gases
are conducted through vertical channels or flues provided for the purpose in the
crowns of the arches. Thence the gases pass through side slots into a gas conduit C¹
divided into two sections and provided above the oven wall. This conduit leads the
gases to both ends of the side walls, before they are conveyed into the channels of
the partitions. These walls are heated by means of flues C, of serpentine or other
convenient shape terminating in the centre of the oven. The gases enter channels C
and C respectively in the lower part of the wall. These channels are both con-
nected at the ends of the oven with one of the hearth channels S C by the openings O
(Figures 5 and 6).
The adjacent hearth channel S C¹ is connected with the channel S C by means
of the openings or ports W C. One half of the gases coming from two furnaces
therefore jointly pass through one common channel S C, while the other half
of these combined gases pass through the channel WC into the other hearth
channel S C¹, which conducts the whole of these gases (i.e. the two halves together)
into the take up flue F and then to the collecting chaunel. By this arrangement
the gases are made to complete (in passing through the oven) a course more than
ten times longer in the side walls of Coppée's coke-ovens.
The admission of gas into the side walls is controlled by means of dampers S
arranged at both ends of the oven. The necessary air is derived through vertical
pipes Pfrom the cooling channels KC situated below the hearth channels S C,
and the air is admitted into the wall channels through a number of small slots or
openings s. Through a branch channel provided in the abutment supporting the
arches of the sole-channel air is introduced moreover from below and made to pass
into the wall channels through vertical slots. When the oven is utilized for
obtaining the bye-products the gases are exhausted from the ovens direct or from
the channels C C₁ situated above the ovens proper, and the connection between
these channels and the wall channels C³ completely cut off by closing the damper S

page_text: The gases returning from condensation are, however, directly re-admitted into and
through the wall, being allowed to pass underneath the damper S.
The connection of the upper gas-channels with the hearth-channels may be
established by means of conduits or flues of serpentine or spiral shape which need
not be vertical only, but may be horizontal as well, if necessary.
The arrangement of the vertical gas-outlet orifices in the crown of the arch of the
oven enables the material filled in to be compressed if required without any danger
of pieces of coal entering and obstructing the wall-channels. Preferably the arch
may be formed in steps, the higher portion being directed towards the discharging
side, which will enable the oven to be thoroughly emptied and cleared by means of
a suitable coke-discharging machine, especially in the case of any of the coal
having been stamped in or forced against the arch of the oven. This enlargement
of the oven in the direction of the discharge side may be made either in steps of
different height or gradually.
The gas channels C C₁ provided above the arch and walls of the oven wall will
also in both the cases just mentioned, vary in height so as to correspond to the
shape of the arch.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is,-
1. A coke-oven in which the gas or heating channels are so arranged that the
gases of the oven pass through vertical slots provided in the crown of the arch and
enter several chambers (C) arranged above the oven whence through side slots they
pass into a gas channel (CI) divided into two parts independent of each other and
situated above the wall of the oven and which leads the gases to both ends of the
oven and there discharges them into the oven walls through which they pass in
'serpentine or spiral currents returning to the centre of the oven and from thence
descend into the channel (C³) of the particular wall which delivers them through
suitable openings (0) into the hearth channels (S C, S C¹) so that one half of the
combined gases from two ovens passes through one common hearth channel while
the other half must first pass through the turning channel (W C) before it can
enter the adjacent hearth channel where it joins the first half of the gases again.
2. In a coke oven as characterized in the preceding claim the communication of
the upper channels with the hearth channels by horizontal as well as by vertical
wall channels substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
3. In coke ovens such as described the arrangement of vertical pipes (Pf)
through which the air derived from cooling channels (K C) situated below the
hearth channels rises and through a number of small slots (s) enters the wall
channels substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings
where the vertical branch as well as the horizontal one may be controlled by a
damper St.
4. In coke ovens such as described in the three preceding claims the enlargement
of the oven either in steps or in a straight line for the purpose of facilitating the
discharge by means of a suitable apparatus of the batches of coal stamped in or
otherwise forced into the oven substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 25th day of February 1893.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Chartered Patent Agents.