A LIQUID OR COMPOSITION (OF A DEODORIZING NATURE) MIXED WITH WATER, WHEREBY ROADS, STREETS, AND OTHER PLACES ARE KEPT MOIST AND FREE FROM DUST FOR SEVERAL DAYS AFTER.
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Octavius William Cooper and Elizabeth
Foster Cooper, of 95, St. George's Road, in the Parish of St. George's,
Hanover Square, for the Invention of "A LIQUID OR COMPOSITION (OF A
DEODORIZING NATURE) MIXED WITH WATER, WHEREBY ROADS, STREETS, AND
OTHER PLACES ARE KEPT MOIST AND FREE FROM DUST FOR SEVERAL DAYS AFTER.
"
Sealed the 3rd December 1867, and dated the 2nd September 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Octavius William'
Cooper and Elizabeth Foster Cooper at the Office of the Commissioners:
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 2nd September 1867.
We,
HENRY OCTAVIUS WILLIAM COOPER and ELIZABETH FOSTER COOPER, of
95, St. George's Road, in the Parish of St. George's, Hanover Square, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A LIQUID OR COMPOSITION"
(OF A DEODORIZING NATURE) MIXED WITH WATER, WHEREBY ROADS, STREETS, AND
OTHER PLACES ARE KEPT MOIST AND FREE FROM DUST FOR SEVERAL DAYS AFTER
ONCE WATERING," to be as follows:-
The chlorides of soda, lime, and zinc, and all other deliquescent chlorides
(either separately or mixed with each other) when mixed with common salt
in the proportions of half a pound of any chloride and half a pound of common
salt to one gallon of either sea or fresh water will if used for watering roads
lay the dust effectually for several days without repetition, the atmospheric
moisture being imbibed during the night moistens what has been put down.
The advantages are, 1°: It will ensure the road from dust. 2°. It will save

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Octavius William Cooper and Elizabeth Foster
Cooper in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th February 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY
OCTAVIUS WILLIAM COOPER and ELIZABETH FOSTER COOPER, of 95, St. George's
Road, in the Parish of St. George's, Hanover Square, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Henry Octavius William Cooper and Elizabeth Foster. Cooper, Her special
licence that we, the said Henry Octavius William Cooper and Elizabeth
Foster Cooper, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said Henry Octavius William Cooper and Elizabeth Foster Cooper,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
. and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A LIQUID OR COMPOSITION (OF A DEODORIZING
NATURE) MIXED WITH WATER, WHEREBY ROADS, STREETS, AND OTHER PLACES ARE
KEPT MOIST AND FREE FROM DUST FOR SEVERAL DAYS AFTER ONCE WATERING," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Henry Octavius William
Cooper and Elizabeth Foster Cooper, our executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Henry Octavius William Cooper and
Elizabeth Foster Cooper, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to a liquid or composition applicable to the purpose
of watering roads, streets, and other places by means of which they retain or

page_text: continue in a moist or damp condition for a longer period than when watered
according to the ordinary method. To accomplish this object we add to the
water common or rock salt and chloride of calcium in a crude or pure state
in proportions of about one pound of common salt or half a pound of rock salt
to about two ounces of the deliquescent chloride and about one gallon of water.
Other deliquescent salts may be used, such as chloride of magnesium instead of
chloride of calcium, but we prefer the latter. After one or more waterings
the deliquescent salts become embedded or absorbed beneath the surface of
the roadway, keeping the same damp and forming a medium of attraction of
moisture not only from the air but from the under strata of the roadway. In
hot dry weather the salt would during the day lose some portion of its
moisture, but during the night it would absorb sufficient to keep the roadway
free from dust during a portion at least of the ensuing day. It would there-
fore only be necessary, except in very hot or dry weather, to water the roads at
intervals of a few days instead of every day, and then only with a small supply
of the solution, thus obviating the dirty state of the roads after the water
carts have passed and deluged them with water as heretofore. Even where
streets are påved with blocks the effect of the solution will be advantageous,
the spaces between the blocks will become saturated with the deliquescent
salt and consequent moisture. In places adjacent to the sea where it is
convenient to use sea water instead of fresh water the quantity of salt may be
proportionately reduced.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention and the manner in
which the same is to be carried into effect, we do not limit ourselves to the
proportions named, but we claim the use of chloride of calcium or chloride of
magnesium and common salt or rock salt in water for watering roads.
In witness whereof, we, the said Henry Octavius William Cooper and
Elizabeth Foster Cooper, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-sixth day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
SOPHIA ROSE.
HENRY OCTAVIUS WILLIAM COOPER. (L.S.)
ELIZABETH FOSTER COOPER.
(L.S.)