IMPROVE- MENTS IN AND IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING MATTING
Year: 1884

page_text: .
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of
Patent Agents; do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN AND IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING MATTING a communication to me from
abroad by Anton Hubbuch of Furtwangen and Louis Bieringer of Triberg both in
the Empire of Germany Engineers through their Agents, Wirth and Company of
Frankfort on the Main, Germany, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of matting and to a loom for weaving
the same.
Matting made from straw and bast has hitherto been of limited dimensions in
consequence of the bands or plaits forming the warp being stretched in a frame
and that constituting the weft cut into lengths equal to the width of the fabric,
and put in by hand as in weaving esparto. And the matting so made required to
be bound or edged with plait to prevent the fabric becoming unwoven.
The present Invention has for its object to weave straw matting of any length
with a perfect selvage at each side. This is accomplished by means of the loom
represented in the accompanying drawing in which figure 1 is a longitudinal
section, figure 2 cross section, and figure 3 a plan of the loom figures 4 and 5 show
the way in which the weft is folded to form the selvage; figure 6 is a detail and
figure 7 shows one of the heddles.
The bands constituting the warp B B¹ are wound on beams R R¹ and pass
between pairs of rollers b b mounted in the heddles G G', and thence to the cloth
beam W to which they are clipped. The rollers b nip the warp and keep it in
tension, and the shedding motion of the heddles is produced by the mechanism
shown which needs no explanation.
The weft is a continuous plait or band as long as possible (say 30 metres) wound
on a spool F composed of a pair of discs connected by a boss and mounted on a
stud P fixed to a squared lower end or block k which is received and slides in a
slot in a shuttle carrying bar T in which it is held by a spring beneath which

page_text: holds it stationary in the groove from which position it can only be moved by an
external force.
The shuttle carrying bar T is mounted to run across the loom from side to side
over and under guide rollers rat one side and rollers at the other side and
it is driven to and fro by pinions t t¹ which gear with rack teeth on the under side
of the bar. In passing from the middle position shown to the right the bar T
quits first the guide roller r, and then the pinion t and is moved and guided only
by the pinion t and guide rollers 1. The stud P carrying the shuttle F is also
moved and the weft which passes out at the mouth m is laid in the shed of the
warp. When the end E of the bar T has passed beyond the warp the heddles cross
the warps B B behind the weft. By means of the cam, rock lever, and rack and
pinion gear shown the motion of the bar T is now reversed and returns from right
to left the shuttle again laying the weft in the shed of the warp, the beam W
having just. previously taken up the fabric to an extent equal to the width of the
band forming the weft.
.
The return motion of the bar T and shuttle is the same as before described it
being now guided by the rollers Tr¹.
Figures 4 and 5 show how the weft is bent over or folded and pressed in the
'machine itself, to form the selvage.
When the weft is exhausted the spool E is removed and replaced by a full one
the ends of the weft being united by a wire staple figure 6. The length of the
fabric depends on that of the warps B B¹ which may be lengthened by uniting the
ends by similar staples or by leather.
The beam W is mounted in counterbalanced levers so that it can sink as its
diameter increases and presses against a roller D above.
The same construction of machine is suitable when straw is used for the warp,
and bast for the weft.
n

page_text: COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND. IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING MATTING (a communication to me from abroad by
Anton Hubbuch, of Furtwangen and Louis Bieringer; of Triberg, Engineers,
through their Agents Wirth and Company of Frankfort-on-the-Main, all in
Germany) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
.
.
This Invention relates to the manufacture of matting and to a loom for weaving
the same.
Matting made from straw and bast has hitherto been of limited dimensions in
consequence of the bands or plaits forming the warp being stretched in a frame
and that constituting the weft cut into lengths equal to the width of the fabric,
and put in by hand as in weaving esparto. "The matting so made required to be
bound or edged with plait to prevent the fabric becoming unwoven.
The present Invention has for its object to weave straw matting of any length
with a perfect selvage at each side-This is accomplished by means of the loom
represented in the accompanying drawing in which figure 1 is a longitudinal
section, figure 2 a cross section and figure 3 a plan of the loom; figures 4 and 5
show the way in which the weft is folded to form the selvage; figure 6 is a detail
and figure 7 shows one of the heddles.
The bands constituting the warp B, B₁ are wound on beams R R¹ and pass
between pairs of rollers b b mounted in the heddles G. G and thence to the cloth
beam W to which they are clipped. The rollers b nip the warp and keep it in
tension and the shedding motion of the heddles is produced by the mechanism
shown, which needs no explanation.
The weft is a continuous plait or band as long as possible (say 30 metres) wound
on a spool F composed of a pair of discs connected by a boss and mounted on a
stud P fixed to a squared lower end or block k. which is received and slides in
a slot in a shuttle carrying bar T in which it is held by a spring f beneath which
holds it stationary in the groove from which position it can only be moved by an
external force.
The shuttle carrying bar T is mounted to run across the loom from side to side
over and under guide rollers r, r¹ at one side and rollers 1, at the other side and
it is driven to and fro by pinions t, t, which gear with rack teeth on the underside
of the bar. In passing from the middle position shown to the right, the bar T
quits first the guide roller r, and then the pinion t, and is moved and guided only
by the pinion t', and guide rollers L, l'. The stud P carrying the shuttle F is also
moved and the weft which passes out at the mouth m. is laid in the shed of the
warp. When the end E of the bar T has passed beyond the warp the heddles cross
the warps B, B', behind the weft. By means of the cam, rock lever, and rack and
pinion gear shown, the motion of the bar T is now reversed and returns from right
to left, the shuttle again laying the weft in the shed of the warp, the beam W
A

page_text: having just previously taken up the fabric to an extent equal to the width of the
band forming the weft.
The return motion of the bar T and shuttle is the same as before described, it
being now guided by the rollers r. r¹.
Figures 4 and 5 show how the weft is bent over or folded and pressed in the
machine itself to form the selvage..
When the weft is exhausted the spool E is removed and replaced by a full one,
the ends of the weft being united by a wire staple, figure 6. The length of the
fabric depends on that of the warps B, B¹, which may be lengthened by uniting
the ends by similar staples or by leather.
The beam W is mounted in counterbalanced levers so that it can sink as its
diameter increases and presses against a roller D above.
The same construction of machine is suitable when straw is used for the warp,
and,bast for the weft. -
:
Having now particularly. described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same, is to be performed I declare that what
*I claim is
זי
1. The manufacture of straw matting in which the warp consists of straw,bands
or plaits of any length and width and the weft is a continuous band or plait whereby
a perfect selvage is formed.
2. The manufacture of straw matting of any length and breadth in which
(a) the warp is straw plait and the weft is a continuous band or line of bast..
(b) the warp is bast and the weft is, a continuous length of straw plait
3. A Loom for making the straw, matting herein described constructed and
'opérating substantially as herein specified wherein
(a) the warp bands are passed between pairs of rollers mounted in the heddles.
(b) the selvage is formed by the motion of the shuttle carrying, rack bar which
'moves alternately from one side to the other of the loom completely beyond the
sides of the warp substantially as herein shown and described.
: