Improvements in Moulding Pipes and other Circular Articles.
Year: 1887

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Moulding Pipes and other Circular Articles.
1, ALFRED WESTWOOD of May Villa, Horseley Heath, Tipton in the County of
Stafford, Foreman do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has for its object in moulding pipes and other circular articles and
is for the purpose of giving a better finish to the surface of the mould and also
to prevent the need of any patching or mending up after the pattern is withdrawn
which is generally necessary by the old process. This enables me to use less
skilled labor besides obtaining work which is more accurate and superior in
appearance. My improvements are as follows:
I will explain the pattern and apparatus as applied to a pipe. The pipe pattern
is made whether flange or socket with the usual prints for the internal core and by
preference of iron, steel or other suitable metal which would retain a smooth surface
outside. At each end of the pattern I form the print into an eccentric by notching
down one side I then make a suitable ramming up board which is so formed and
connected by cross bars under the bottom as to allow the pattern to entirely fall
below the centre thereof i.e., and suitable bearings are provided to receive the
eccentric ends of the pattern, and these bearings may be friction wheels, solid, or
antifriction ones. After the box is rammed up to form one half of the mould, I turn
the pipe a certain distance round which by its smooth surface polishes or finishes the
face of the mould in a similar manner to the moulders tool and by still continuing
the turning of the pattern the reduced parts of the prints are reached and the
pattern falls out of the mould in the most gentle and accurate manner without in
the least disturbing the sand which is an advantage all practical men will appreciate
as mending up by the inaccurate tools of a moulder is often fatal to both appear-
ance and accuracy. In flanged pipes it is no doubt best to allow the prints to be
formed larger than the flange so as to obtain a neatly faced surface without any
joint mark. It will be clearly understood that any round articles, as shafts, balls,
&c. &c. may be moulded with equal facility by this means. Both top and bottom
boxes are rammed up on the same ramming up board and they must be alike.
Dated this 21th day of January 1887
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Moulding Pipes and other Circular Articles.
I ALFRED WESTWOOD of May Villa Horsley Heath Tipton in the County of
Stafford Foreman do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object improvements in moulding pipes and other
circular articles and is for the purpose of giving a better finish to the surface of
the sand or other material composing the surface of the mould and also to prevent
the need of any patching or mending up after the pattern is withdrawn which is
generally necessary by the old process. This enables me to use less skilled labour
besides obtaining work which is more accurate and superior in appearance. My
improvements are as follows:-
€
I will explain the pattern and apparatus as applied to a pipe. The pipe pattern
is made whether flange or socket with the usual prints for the internal core and by
preference of iron steel or other suitable metal which would retain a smooth surface
outside. At each end of the pattern I form the print into an eccentric by notching
down one side I then make a suitable ramming up board which is so formed and
connected by crossbands under the bottom as to allow the pattern to entirely fall
below the centre thereof i.e. and suitable bearings are provided to receive the
eccentric ends of the pattern and these bearings may be friction wheels solid or
antifriction ones. After the box is rammed up to form one half of the mould I turn
the pipe a certain distance round which by its smooth surface polishes or finishes
the face of the mould in a similar manner to the moulders tool and by still con-
tinuing the turning of the pattern the reduced parts of the prints are reached and
the pattern falls out of the mould in the most gentle and accurate manner without in
the least disturbing the sand which is an advantage all practical men will appreciate
as mending up by the inaccurate tools of a moulder is often fatal to both appearance
or accuracy. In flanged pipes it is no doubt best to allow the joints to be formed
larger than the flange so as to obtain a nicely faced surface without any joint mark.
It will be clearly under-tood that any round articles as shafts balls &c. &c. may be
moulded with equal facility by this means Loth top and bottom boxes are rammed up
on the same ramining up board and they must be alike.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and easily carried into
practice I have appended hereunto two double sheets of drawings upon which is illus-
trated an example of the moulding of a seeket pipe which will also serve to illustrato
the case of a flange pipe shaft or other round articles. The details may of course be
varied without departing from the essence of the invention.
Figure 1 is a side view of a socket pipe pattern A with the centre core prints
complete.
Figure 2 is an end view of the same pattern A as it lies in Figure 1,

page_text: mould when in use.
Figure 4 is an end view of the same pattern A as it lies in Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a plan of a laying down or ramming up board B with the recess or
opening C in which the pattern A lies as will be hereafter more fully explained.
Figure 6 is an end view of the ramming up board B showing the said opening C
in end elevation.
Figure 7 is an end elevation of the ramming up board B with the pattern A in
its position therein as also a section of the moulding box D which is in position
ready to be filled and rammed up with sand.
Figure 8 shows the box D in its finished state when rammed up and turned over
the pattern A being withdrawn therefrom as will be further explained hereafter.
Figure 9 is the side elevation of a flang pipe pattern E made according to my
invention.
Figure 10 is a plan of the flange pipe pattern E as shown in side elevation by the
previous figure.
The socket pipe pattern A is solid and in one piece (not in two halves) and appears
much like an ordinary socket pipe pattern but it will be noticed that there is an
extension a² beyond the core print a at the socket bed and an extension a beyond
the core print a³ at the spigot end. When the pattern A is placed in its position
ready for being moulded i.e. in the recesses C the socket end extension a² rests upon
the roller bearings and Figures 5 & 6 shown still more clearly in the part
sectional elevation Figure 7. When the pattern A has been placed on the recesses C
of the ramming up board B the box part D is placed over the same where it fits
exactly but only in one position as fixed by suitable pins or projections K on the
ramming up board B into corresponding holes or recesses M in the box part D and
pins or projections K¹ on the box part D which also fits into corresponding
holes M in the ramming up board B and the two are held together by the iron
clamps Z.
B
It will thus be seen that the inner pins K' are in each case for the box part D
while the outer pins K are for the ramning up board B. The sand R is then
filled in and rammed up and levelled off. I then apply a suitable handle N to one
end of the pattern and by this or other suitable means I revolve the pattern round
a certain distance say half a revolution and this has the effect of smoothing or
what is termed "slecking" the face of the sand forming the mould. Now as the
pattern revolves the parts of the bearings a and a take the place of the parts a
and upon the roller bearings and 2 at one end and 63 and 6 at the other end
which allows the pattern by its own gravity to leave the mould. This action
however may be assisted by either a spring or other mechanism which may be
suited to the requirements of the case the desired purpose being answered if a com-
bined rubbing or sleeking effect is first given followed by a withdrawing action to
bring the pattern away from the mould.
Figure 11 shows the pattern turned half round and withdrawn from the mould.
The box part D is now lifted and turned with its face upwards as shown by
Figure and the pattern is turned back to its position as shown by Figure 7 and
another box part placed thereon and the rainming up and other operations
repeated to form a corresponding half to the one shown by Figure 8 which is
guided upon the previous half by the pins K and K' entering into the holes M
and M this being done after the centre core has been placed into the mould. The
two parts are then fastened or clamped together when the mould is ready for
casting or to receive the molten metal.
In the case of flanged pipes or other articles having similar projections to flanges
I form the pattern with the top half e exactly the size required but the bottom
half which is sunk below the face of the ramming up board when moulding I
make with considerable taper as shown at e²e so that when the pattern E is
turned half round there is absolutely no part thereof anywhere near the surface of
the mould and thus pulling down of the mould is avoided which is the thing

page_text: noulders dread and which frequently causes such unevenness and inaccuracies in
castings because it is most difficult to mend up a mould exactly. The eccentric or
other similar bearings may of course be placed under the body of the pattern in one
two or more positions according to the length and weight thereof and either fast or
loose handles may be used to turn the patterns. The operations would be similar
in the case of shafts, columns spheres &c. &c. and will be well understood by practical
men.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
The improvements in moulding pipes and other articles in which a pattern is
arranged to revolve over the surface of the mould so as to smooth or sleek it and
in such a manner as to withdraw itself by the same continued action substantially
as and for the purpose herein set forth.
Total 4 1
1307
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham,
Agent for Applicant.