matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Sibley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th May
1869.
I, THOMAS SIBLEY, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in an improved combination and arrangement
of the parts of velocipedes, and applies more particularly to the "bicycle"
class.
I make the front or driving wheel with its axle fixed at right angles
to the lengthway of the frame, and make the back wheel into the guide
wheel by arranging it so that it can be turned as required. The forked
parts for carrying the bearings of the wheels are cranked or bent outwards
so that the frame may be shortened, and so that a tendency will be given
to the guide wheel to keep in a straight line. The machine is guided by
a shaft or handle which can turn in a cross bar secured to a vertical shaft
over the front or driving wheel, and the lower end of the vertical shaft
has a lever or arm upon it which is connected with another lever or arm

page_text: secured upon the vertical axis upon which the guide wheel turns. In
place of levers, rods, racks, chains, or other suitable connection may be
employed. The handle for guiding has an arm applied so as to partly
rotate it, and this acts to compress a spring placed round the vertical
shaft of the guide handle and force a brake secured to the under side of
the arm or lever against the driving wheel when required. The frame of
the machine passes horizontally between the forks for the two wheels,
and the saddle spring is jointed to a link over the hack wheel and to a
vertical part of the frame in front. The rest for the legs is detachable,
and can be secured in front. By my improvements velocipedes will have
a constant tendency, without being guided, to go forward in a straight
line, there being no distúrbing action upon the guide wheel as there is
when the front wheel is both the driving and guiding wheel as in the
ordinary velocipede, and while having this advantage and others arising
from the improved arrangement they can be easily turned in a very small
curve when required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CLEARERS USED IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Guest at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th August
1869.
I, WILLIAM GUEST, of Ardwick, in the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CLEARERS USED IN MACHINERY FOR
PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as
follows:-
My improvements relate to rotating clearers, and more particularly to
those that work and revolve upon the leather covered top rollers of
spinning and preparing machines, and the object of my improvements.
is to obtain a more perfect clearing of the leather covered rollers, by
forming the surface of the clearer in such manner as to more readily take-
up the fibres and other matters left upon the leather covered top rollers,,
and by this means produce a more perfect thread, by preventing these
waste fibres from accumulating in lumps and getting upon the threads
in the process of spinning or preparing.

page_text: My improvements consist in covering the clearer with woollen cloth or
similar material as in the ordinary clearer, and in adding strips or ribs
of like material upon and projecting above the surface of the cloth,
these strips or ribs passing diagonally or in a screw form round the
clearer. These strips or ribs may be secured by stitching, or by cement,
or other means, and may be applied to what I may term the " ground
cloth" before or after it has been secured to the clearer, or cloth woven
specially with ribs or strips upon it may be used for the purpose. I
prefer to make the body of the clearer of wood as hitherto, but to form
it tubular and of small diameter, so as to reduce its weight as much as
possible. In using my improved clearer the spaces between the strips
will first fill up, and then the entire surface will be covered with fly
or waste, the speed of the clearer diminishing in proportion to its
increasing diameter.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING OR TWISTING FLAX OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hugh M'Entee Ward at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th May 1869.
I, HUGH MENTEE WARD, of Loop Bridge Mills, Ballymaconaghy,
Knockbreda, County Down, Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING OR TWISTING
FLAX OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
In ordinary spinning frames, especially those where the material is
spun or twisted wet, a great amount of waste is caused when an end
or thread breaks by the sliver or material to be spun or twisted lapping
round the drawing or delivery rollers, and which waste is difficult to
remove.
The object of this Invention is to remedy these defects by stopping
the supply of rove or material to be spun or twisted whenever the end
breaks. To effect this object the back top feed or retaining roller is
divided into separate parts or bosses, one boss for each spindle end or
thread. These bosses are mounted loosely on a common shaft, so that
they may rotate together or independently of each other, in order to allow

page_text: of any one or more being stopped without affecting the other feeding
bosses on the same shaft. Each feeding boss is fitted with a self-acting
contrivance for disconnecting it from its shaft whenever the end breaks
that it is supplying to the delivery or drawing rollers. The bosses
or boss will however come into action again as soon as the attendant
pieces the end or broken thread. The self-acting apparatus employed
for disconnecting the bosses from their actuating shaft may be of any
desired kind embodying the principle of the tension of the sliver
sustaining a weight, the depression of which (by the breaking of sliver)
will effect the disconnection. The bosses may be coupled to their shaft
by sliding clutches actuated by a sliding catch bar, the catches of which
are held out of action so long as the sliver is whole, but when broken
will connect with the clutch of the boss whoso sliver is broken and
slide it out of gear with the boss. It is only required that the bosses
on the back or retaining roller should be independent in their action
and that their pressing rollers in single or independent bosses, but the
front or drawing rollers and their pressing rollers may be of the ordinary
construction, the bottom being in one or more pieces and the pressing
rollers in groups or pairs; the effect of this stoppage of the back
roller boss being that the material to be operated upon does not
accumulate on the front or drawing roller or its pressing boss, and
they are consequently casily kept clean and are not liable to damage
as at present by the pickers of the attendants when removing the
waste material. The wear and tear of the rollers is thereby lessened
considerably.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF PRINTING
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Fabian James Knewstub at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th April 1869.
I, FABIAN JAMES KNEWSTUB, of the Firm of Jenner and Knewstub, of
Saint James' Street and Jermyn Street, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PROCESS OF PRINTING," to be as follows:-
This relates to a process of printing and producing ornaments and
devices upon paper, and is chiefly applicable for the production of crests,
monograms, arms, names, cyphers, addresses, and other devices upon
a printed background or border previously printed upon note paper,
envelopes, visiting cards, and other stationery, either plain or in colours,
or in gold, silver, bronze, or other metal.
My improved process consists in printing by the ordinary mode from
plates, stones, or otherwise an ornamental background, outline, or border
in ink or colour, or in gold, silver, bronze, or other metal. I then
produce a pattern or device upon the background, outline, or border with
or without ink, or colour, or gold, silver, bronze, or other metal, either

page_text: by stamping, embossing, printing, or other similar means. The pattern
or device thus produced may be painted or illuminated by hand or
otherwise, or in combination with the stamping, embossing, or printing.
Also, when I wish to produce an ornament or device of a superior or a
more brilliant finish I print or apply a second coat wholly or partly over
the first coat, then I stamp or emboss the second coat with a third
coat.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE OPENING OF EGGS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 21st May 1869.- A communication from abroad by Joseph
Augustin Joret, Machinist, of 13, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE
OPENING OF EGGS," to be as follows :-
This Invention is designed to remedy the difficulty always attending
the removal of the shell from the tops of boiled eggs at table without
spilling the contents or allowing any portion of the shell to enter
the egg.
The Invention consists of an apparatus by means of which the
removal of the egg shell is much facilitated.
The apparatus consists essentially of a cutter having a circular motion
which embraces and makes a circular incision round the end of the egg
which is required to be removed. The circular motion of the cutter

page_text: may be produced by the aid of any suitable mechanical device, or the
egg may be caused to rotate, and the cutter be fixed if desired.
The annexed Drawing illustrates the first mode, viz,, where the
cutters are caused to travel round the egg, which remains stationary.
Figure 1 shows the apparatus in position on the top of the egg from
which the shell is to be removed; Figure 2 shows the apparatus as
mounted on the egg cup; Figure 3 shows another arrangement of
rotating cutter; Figure 4 shows a plan of the saw-toothed cutter. The
same letters apply to the four Figures.
a, support of the cutting apparatus having an aunular base & adapted
to fit on the egg; c, upper socket. supporting the stem d of saw cutter e
which as seen is formed of an elliptical or dome-shaped cup having
teeth set horizontally. The cap is formed of a number of dentilations
for giving elasticity to the cutters. By slightly pressing the critter
on the egg and turning knob g a circular incision is at once made in
the shell at top, which may be then readily detached by the hand.
In Figure 3b is the ring to be placed on the egg, and carrying a
movable ring provided with an elastic cutter i, with or without teeth.
By rotating the ring on fixed ring 4, and at same time applying slight
pressure, a circular incision is at once made around the top of the egg
shell to facilitate its removal. As before mentioned, the egg may also
be caused to rotate and the cutter be stationary.
Further, instead of making the mounting a, b, in two parts, which are
afterwards connected together, I may cast the ring and supporting
arm in one, and apply the whole on the egg, as shown in Figure 5.
I may also enclose the cutter in a cup d, Figure 6, fitting on the
egg, and which after detaching the top of the shell will serve as an
egg cup.
A spiral spring is adapted to the stem, which presses the cup d
unward for kooving the ore in nositi
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Williams at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
February 1869.
I, CHARLES WILLIAMS, of No. 151, Sandy Hill Road, Plumstead,
in the County of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for
obtaining motive power. For this purpose I pass the exhaust pipe of any
engine worked by steam, air, or other gaseous fluid under pressure into
the reservoir or generator containing such gaseous fluid and draw or
force the exhaust steam or gaseous fluid into the reservoir or generator,
by preference by means of a current of the steam or gascous fluid
circulating through pipes or boxes contained within the reservoir or
generator, stopping its back flow by valves or otherwise, and ensuring its
passage into the reservoir or generator by means of a small amount of
power expended if necessary. Or the exhaust steam or gaseous fluid
might similarly be drawn or forced into the pipe which passes from the
reservoir or generator to the engine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BUTTONED AND OTHER LIKE BOOTS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Antwis Collinson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 12th February 1869.
THOMAS ANTWIS COLLINSON, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Boot and. Shoe Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
BUTTONED AND OTHER LIKE BOOTS," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
The novelty of this Invention consists mainly in the production of
boots known as "buttoned boots," having the entire upper leather with
the flap piece (in which the button holes are formed) in one piece. Also
"mock buttoned boots," with a like flap, or overlapping piece from a
single piece of leather, in which latter case the boots are formed with
elastic sides, as is well understood.
These improved boots may be of the ordinary shapes worn by ladies
and gentlemen, or those known as "Polish boots," which are longer in
the leg piece, and are now much worn by ladies in this country and
by young persons.
In producing these improved boots the operator first provides himself
with an ordinary block for stretching and forming to the required shape

page_text: the upper leather but to which is fitted on the edge or front, from the fore
part of the instep up to the top of the leg piece, with a moveable ridge
piece of sufficient width and length to require sufficient extra upper
leather to form the flap piece in which the button holes are to be
worked. The extra piece for forming the projection in the upper leather,
as described, may be fitted with one or more moveable set screws, which
extend and work through the block, and may be attached to the under
side of the moveable block piece, or simply work against the lower
surface thereof, so that the moveable piece may be projected from the
body of the block to the required height, and withdrawn, if so required.
These screws can be fitted with crank handles or cross heads for operating
them from the back, heel, or bottom of the body of the block.
When the upper leather has acquired the desired set or form the
leather on the instep and up the front of the leg of the upper is divided
by cutting to the required form to leave an underlaying flap piece to
which the buttons are attached and, the overlap piece in which the
button holes are worked. The upper is then finished in the ordinary
way so far as regards lining and so forth; but as the whole of the boot
top is in one piece there will be only one closing seam required, which
runs up the back of the boot.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FANCY CIRCULAR BOXES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Charles Ramsey at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th August 1869.
I, GEORGE CHARLES RAMSEY, of 58, Aldermanbury, London, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FANCY CIRCULAR BOXES," to be as
follows:-
I take a circular glass shade or a tube of glass (either will answer my
purpose) of a diameter equal to the size of box required. I cut a portion
of the end, say, one, two, or three inches deep or more according to the
depth of box I intend to make; I have thus a circular glass side for my
box. I cut from a peice of pasteboard or any material suitable a circular
bottom for my box, and upon which I lay my circular glass side, and
attach it thereto by means of paper and glue or by any of the other
usual modes of attaching glass lids to wood or paper boxes, and have
thus a box without lid, the circumference or side of which is composed

page_text: entirely of glass; I then make a circular lid suitable for the box in the
usual way that circular paper box lids are made, and have thus a
circular box complete, the entire circumference or body of which is made
of glass.
A NEW MODE OF AND APPARATUS POR PRODUCING MOTIVE POWER BY CONTINUOUS ROTARY MOTION
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Sands at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
March 1869.
I, EDWARD SANDS, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW MODE OF AND APPARATUS POR PRODUCING MOTIVE POWER BY
CONTINUOUS ROTARY MOTION," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to produce motive power by means of a
system of wheels, axles, levers, connecting rods, and weights.
In performing my Invention I make use of two or more fixed axles
placed in the same vertical line and plane. On each of these axles is a
pair of three-armed levers. Connected with these levers, and at any
convenient distance from them, are two or more pairs of toothed wheels,
mounted on separate axles, whose lower periphery gear into sta-
tionary racks attached to the framework of the machine. The upper
periphery of the first pair of wheels is connected by links to the vertical
arm of the three-armed lever on the upper axle. The upper periphery of
the second pair of wheels is connected to the axle of the first pair of
wheels by links. The fixed axle of the upper three-armed lever is in the

page_text: same horizontal plane as the axle of the first pair of wheels, the axle of
the second pair of wheels is in the same horizontal plane as the lower
periphery of the first pair of wheels, the lower periphery of the second
pair of wheels is in the same horizontal plane as the lower fixed axle.
The axle of the second pair of wheels is connected by a link to the upper
arm of the three-armed lever on the lower axle. To the horizontal arms
of the three-armed levers are suspended rods, and each pair of these rods
is connected together by a toggle joint, from the centre of which hangs a
link, connected to a weighted lever. The operation is as follows:-The
weight is supposed to be hanging on the horizontal arm of the lever on
the upper axle; as the weight falls by its gravity it draws the arm of the
lever down, which, by the links attached to the first pair of wheels,
draws them towards the stationary axle, the teeth on the wheels en-
gaging into the stationary rack. The motion of the first pair of wheels
draws the second pair of wheels in the same direction, thus giving
motion to the three-armed lever on the lower axle. When the weight is
down it is moved by a lever on the suspended rod attached to the arm of
the lever on the lower axle, and is carried up by it. The action of
raising the weight by the lever on the lower axle moves the wheels into
the position they first occupied, when they are ready to be again
operated upon by the weight connected to the upper three-armed lever.
In this manner I produce a continuous reciprocating motion of the fixed
axles, which can be converted into a rotary motion by any of the well-
known means. On the other horizontal arm of the upper three-armed
lever another weight is connected in the same manner as that described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TILLING LAND
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Charles Dreyer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th March 1869.-A communication from abroad by Reuben
Walter Heywood, of No. 10, North Charles Street, Baltimore, in
the State of Maryland, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM CHARLES DREYER, of No. 17, Gresham Street, in the
City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TILLING LAND," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for
tilling land. For this purpose I employ an axis mounted in a suitable
frame or carriage and which is caused rapidly to revolve whilst the
carriage moves forward at a comparatively slow speed. On this axis
a number of discs are fixed a short distance the one from the other and
obliquely to the axis; they have upon them, by preference, saw-like
teeth which are set to cut into the ground to any depth desired. As the
axis revolves the cutting edge of each disc at the point where it is in
netion on the land, in consequence of the oblique position of the discs
on the axis, traverses sideways or in a direction across that in which the

page_text: frame or carriage progresses over the land, and the amount of this side-
way traverse is equal to or exceeds the distance of the discs the one from
the other. The action of the machine is consequently to pulverize the
entire surface of the land over which it travels to the depth to which it
may be set. In place of mounting the cutting discs obliquely on the
axis the axis itself may at the same time that it revolves receive a
to-and-fro movement in the direction of its length so as to carry the
discs sideways a distance equal to the spaces between them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ephraim Davis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
May 1869.
I, EPHRAIM DAVIS, of Great Mitchell Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements in the construction and arrange-
ment of velocipedes. The cranks of the crank axis or the crank pins
by which a velocipede is propelled are connected by means of con-
necting rods with volute, curved, or other springs, and I provide these
springs with treadles or handles, or both handles and treadles by which
the velocipede can be propelled with great facility, the springs yielding
o some extent and lessening the shock when an obstacle is encountered.
Springs can be applied according to my Invention either to two,
three, or four-wheeled velocipedes. When the propelling apparatus is
arranged at the side of a steering wheel as in two or three-wheeled

page_text: velocipedes, I attach the springs to the forked swivel frame in which
the wheel turns, the springs being provided with handles or treadles, or
both handles and treadles, I secure the sent for the velocipedist upon a
curved or volute spring secured to the framework or beam of the
velocipede.
IMPROVED SELF- ACTING APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE INTERNAL TEMPERATURE OF ROOMS IN. BUILDINGS OR IN OTHER STRUCTURES WHICH MAY BE WARMED OR HEATED BY MEANS OF STEAM, HOT WATER, OR HOT AIR
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Riley Briggs at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
March 1869.
I, RILEY BRIGGS, of Leeds, in the County of York, Flax Spinner,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED SELF-
ACTING APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE INTERNAL TEMPERATURE OF ROOMS
IN. BUILDINGS OR IN OTHER STRUCTURES WHICH MAY BE WARMED OR HEATED
BY MEANS OF STEAM, HOT WATER, OR HOT AIR," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is the better equilization or regulation
of temperature under the circumstances referred to in my title.
For this purpose between two parallel vertical standards secured
to a suitable table I place a T cylinder upside down and charged with
mercury. To the upper portion of such cylinder I connect a double
flanched joint and gland furnished with a piston. Between the con-
necting flanges of the cylinder and joint I place a diaphragm of stout
india-rubber which separates the one from the other. To the upper
end of the piston I connect a horizontal lever, having its fulcrum upon
a convenient projection from the framework. From one arm of the

page_text: lever I suspend a rod connected by means of an adjustable nut with
another rod, the lower end of which is attached to the valve, by which
steam, hot water, or hot air is admitted to the warming apparatus,
which as I generally prefer to use steam would consist of piping. Such
depending and adjustable rod may be counterbalanced by a small weight
upon the other end of the horizontal lever.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-Upon the temperature
becoming higher than is required the mercury expands and presses
against the under side of the india-rubber diaphragm, which latter then
presses upwards the piston. This action raises the longer arm of the
lever and through the connecting rods closes the steam valve, partially
dependent upon the amount of leverage allowed, that of course being
capable of ready adjustment by means of the nut referred to.
This Invention is particularly applicable to vineries and conservatories.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING INDIAN CORE TO OBTAIN A NEW PRODUCT THEREFROM APPLICABLE FOR USE IN BREWINO AND DISTILLING, AND AS A FOOD FOR CATTLE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Cook Matthews at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th January 1809.
I, FRANCIS COOK MATTHEWS, of Great Driffield, in the County of
York, Manufacturing Agricultural Chemist, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING INDIAN CORE TO
OBTAIN A NEW PRODUCT THEREFROM APPLICABLE FOR USE IN BREWINO AND
DISTILLING, AND AS A FOOD FOR CATTLE," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in treating Indian
corn or maize to obtain a new product therefrom applicable for use in
brewing and distilling, and as a food for cattle. For this purpose the
Indian corn or maize is thoroughly saturated with water (which may be
slightly acidulated), and by preference it is steeped in the water for a
period of about seven days; it is then taken out and allowed to com-
mence to grow. When the growth has progressed sufficiently the
Indian corn or maize is dried at a moderate heat sufficient to kill

page_text: it and stop the growth, and it is then the new product required. It
may be used as a substitute for malt in brewing and distilling.
To prepare it for feeding cattle it is advantageously ground and mixed
with linseed, linseed meal, or ground linseed cake, or grain.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN SUPPLYING FURNACES WITH COAL AND OTHER FUEL, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Roper Kelly at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd June 1869.
I, RICHARD ROPER KELLY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN SUPPLYING FURNACES WITH COAL AND OTHER FUEL, AND IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
My Invention refers to a method of supplying fuel in a finely divided
state to furnaces. For this purpose I cause the apparatus which grinds
or pulverizes it to deliver it direct to the furnace by a blast of air or by
centrifugal force.
The arrangement I at present propose consists of a cylinder, the
internal periphery of which is provided with corrugations or projections,
and within which is a revolving shaft carrying projecting arms.
these arms revolve they act in conjunction with the corrugations or
As

page_text: projections of the cylinder so as to pulverize the fuel, and to drive it by
the blast they generate or by centrifugal force into the furnace. I
propose, if necessary, to adapt a sieve to the opening through which the
fuel issues.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Prestwich and John
Prestwich at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 28th May 1869.
We, SAMUEL PRESTWICH and JOHN PRESTWICH, both of Farnworth,
in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinners and Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
VELOCIPEDES," to be as follows:-
Our improvements consist in forming the wheels for velocipedes with
brass, cast malleable iron, or other metal naves, and with spokes of
wood, the said metal naves being formed with cavities or holes to receive
the spokes, which holes on one side of the nave are arranged midway
between the spaces for spokes on the other side, each wheel having two
sets of spokes, one set opposite the spaces between the other set. The
spokes are secured by screws passing through the sides of the nave
or by other means.
Our improvements also consist in arranging and fixing the spring
which carries the saddle so as to give more elasticity to it, and we
accomplish this by arranging the end of the spring so as to slide up

page_text: and down the vertical part of the frame forming the tube in which the
guide wheel turns, and in supporting the end of the spring by a
spiral or other spring, or the spring is bent back and attached to the
frame under the saddle, and the front bend of the spring is arranged
in guides upon the upright part of the frame so as to play vertically,
or the spring is forked and bent forward, and is then brought back and
attached to the front of the framing.
Our improvements also consist in giving elasticity to the saddle by
forming it of or supporting it by a bag filled with air, or in making it
with sustaining springs under its seat.
AN IMPROVED METALLIC CENTRAL-FIRE CARTRIDGE FOR BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George White at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
November 1869.-A communication from abroad from Mr. Josef
Neumeyer, of Vienna, in the Empire of Austria.
I, GEORGE WHITE, of 68, Queen Street, Cheapside, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVED METALLIC CENTRAL-FIRE CARTRIDGE FOR BREECH-LOADING
FIRE-ARMS," a communication to me from abroad from Mr. Josef
Neumeyer, of Vienna, in the Empire of Austria, to be as follows :—
The construction of this improved metallic central-fire cartridge for
breech-loading fire-arms is such so as to allow of using several times the
metal casing of the cartridge.
Fig. 1 of the annexed Drawings show a longitudinal outside view of
the cartridge, part of the lower end of the metal casing of which is
represented cut off; Fig. 2 shows a view from underneath the bottom of
the casing; and Fig. 3 a vertical sectional view of the percussion cap for
setting fire to the charge of gunpowder contained in the casing. In
these three Figs. the same letters refer to corresponding parts.
The cartridge consists of a cylindrical casing A of copper, brass, or

page_text: other suitable metal or alloy, the bottom a of which casing is of the
shape shown in Fig. 1, viz., presenting two circular parts b and c, between
which is provided a circular depression or slit d of the required width
and depth for the percussion cap B to fit into, and thus prevent any
escape of gas to take place through the slit d when the cap B is put over
the part c, which latter serves as an anvil for procuring the explosion
of the fulminating compound e of the cap B, the fire of which is
transmitted by a central perforation g to the charge of gunpowder
contained in the casing A.
IMPROVEMENTS IN KNITTING MACHINERY
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th January 1809.-A communication from abroad by William
Franz and William Pope, both of Crestlino, in the State of Ohio,
United States of America.
I, ALFRED VINODNT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN KNITTING MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in circular knitting machines
whereby it is designed to provide a convenient and simple arrangement
for throwing a part of the noddles of a rotary knitting machine out of
action and replacing them for action to admit of narrowing and widening
to form the heels and toes of stockings or for knitting other flat fabrics
or fabrics in strips. The needles being arranged in vertical recesses
formed in the periphery of a fixed cylinder are free to slide up and down
therein. At their extremities the shanks of the needles are bent
outwards at right angles, and they bear upon a cam groove formed in
a rotating cylinder that surrounds the needles. At the upper end of
this cylinder is a ring groove, and the cam and ring groove are brought

page_text: into connection by a vertical groove formed in the inner face of the
rotating cylinder. When therefore any needle is required to be thrown
out of action the vertical groove is brought opposite that needle, and
then by hand the needle is lifted so that its stem may rest in the upper
or ring groove. By bringing the vertical groove in succession opposite
certain needles (after any desired length of circular knitting. has been
completed), and then lifting those needles out of action, backward and
forward knitting on a limited number of needles may be carried on, the
number of needles that are thrown in or out of work being increased
or diminished at pleasure. The increase or the resumption of the use
of the whole of the needles it will be understood is effected by dropping
the needles into place down the vertical groove by which they reached
their elevated position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Guy Wilson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
July 1869.
I, JOHN GUY WILSON, of the City of Manchester, Mechanical
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to two-wheeled velocipedes, commonly called
bycycles, and also to velocipedes having three or more wheels, whether
driven from the front or the back axle, and consists in a novel application
of mechanism for driving such machines in order to dispense with the
cranks ordinarily used, and to substitute a more powerful and less
fatiguing arrangement for the purpose.
In performing my Invention I employ a double-armed actuating lever
which is fulcrumed or mounted between radial arms branching from the
driving shaft or axle, which latter revolves freely in holes bored in such
arms, and such shaft or axle has a boss formed on it upon which the
shorter arm of the actuating lever impinges when pressure is applied
either by the hand or foot to the longer arm of such actuating lever, and

page_text: thus as the shorter arm cannot pass the boss but binds upon it, the shaft
or axle is caused to revolve in its bearings in the same direction as the
pressure is applied. The longer arm being then drawn back again
another grip of the boss may be taken whilst it is revolving, and thus by
oscillating such lever backwards and forwards a continuous revolving
motion may be communicated to the axle or driving shaft in the same
manner as drilling with a ratchet brace, with this difference, that in this
arrangement no teeth or serrations are formed on the boss and the axle
continues to revolve and is not an intermittent motion. One, two, or
more of these actuating levers may be applied to a velocipede, and a
counterbalance weight or spring may be used to assist the actuating
lever in returning to its first position. When arranged to be worked by
the feet, a jointed stirrup or foot plate may be mounted at the extremity
of the longer arm of the actuating levers to prevent the foot of the rider
being inconveniently bent in taking a long stroke.
This Invention may also be worked by hand levers with equal
facility.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO THE SIGHT PRO- TECTORS, BARREL PROTECTORS, AND MUZZLE STOPPERS OF FIRE-ARKS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Brevitt Palmer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th January 1809.
I, JOSEPH BREVITT PALMER, of Handsworth, in the County of
Stafford, Gun Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO THE SIGHT PRO-
TECTORS, BARREL PROTECTORS, AND MUZZLE STOPPERS OF FIRE-ARKS," to be as
follows:-
The chief object of this Invention is to provide in one apparatus a
protection for the foresight, a protection to the nose of the barrel both
internally and externally, and a muzzle stopper, but as herein-after
explained certain parts may be used without the others if needful.
The complete apparatus consists substantially of an elongated metal
cap having an aperture drilled through the centre of its apex. Around
the base of the cap is fitted a moveable metal ring which works between
the sight protector herein-after described and the rim at the extreme
base of the cap, and which is for the purpose of securing the cap upon
the nose of the barrel when adjusted thereon. The sight protector is a
piece of metal, projecting from the side of the cap, having an aperture

page_text: sufficiently large to cover and protect the foresight when adjusted
thereon. The aperture through the apex of the cap is closed either by
means of a suitable cover, or if preferred a muzzle stopper of an ordinary
kind may be inserted inside the elongated cap, but in this case I prefer
that there should be attached to the upper part of the said stopper a
screw which goes through the aperture of the apex of the cap and is
secured thereon by a stopper head of any suitable kind.
The great advantage of my Invention is that the nose of the barrel is
quite protected from injury, and especially that the nose cap being
adjusted upon the barrel the barrel may be cleaned without possibility 1
of injury to the rifled parts, the cleaning rod passing through the drilled
hole at the apex of the cap and so being kept away from the rifled parts
of the barrel, and a further advantage is that the foresight is effectually
guarded from damage. When it is desired to save the expense of the
sight protector, or muzzle stopper, or either of them, the apparatus 1
herein before described is constructed without them,
IMPROVEMENTS IN TIES, CLIPS, OR FASTENINGS FOR CONNECTING THE BANDS EMPLOYED IN SECURING BALES OF COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER PRODUCTS CAPABLE OP BEING PACKED IN A SIMILAR MANNER
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Matthew Tildesley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
July 1869.
I, MATTHEW TILDESLEY, of Willenhall, in the County of Stafford,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TIES, CLIPS, OR FASTENINGS FOR CONNECTING THE BANDS
EMPLOYED IN SECURING BALES OF COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER PRODUCTS CAPABLE
OP BEING PACKED IN A SIMILAR MANNER," to be as follows, that is to say :-
My Invention consists in forming such ties, clips, or fastenings in
two counterpart recessed, sunken, and slotted parts or halves, which
slide and accurately fit in and upon each other when the ends of the
bands are connected thereby.
Figure 1 represents one of the parts. (a) is the recessed or sunken
portion of the face; (b) is the slotted part, the dotted lines indicating
the turned up ends of the bands into which the arms of the tie or clip
are slid; the counterpart of the tie or clip is then similarly slid into
place in the loops formed by the doubled bands, so that the recessed
or sunken parts face and fit into each other, when the connection will

page_text: be complete, the two parts of the tie or clip being held in position
by the tensile force of the bands when the bale is released from the
press.
Figure 2 represents the parts connected. The ties or clips may be
formed of any suitable metal, but I prefer to employ malleable cast iron
for the purpose.
I do not confine myself to this particular outline for the ties or clips,
as they may be of any other similar outline admitting of the adaptation
of the same principle of combining the parts..
I also form a single tie, clip, or fastening for the purposes already
named similar to one of the parts or halves of the double clip described,
in which case the metal is of proportionate thickness throughout, and
the slotted part is made of suitable width to admit the metal loops but
to prevent any play thereof when in position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OVENS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pierre Joseph Wielemans at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th January 1869.
I, PIERRE JOSEPH WIELEMANS, of Lisle Street, Leicester Square, in
the County of Middlesex, Foreman Baker, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OVENS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing ovens for baking and other
purposes with an inner and outer case, such inner case being so con-
structed as to leave a space or passage way all round the sides, top,
and bottom (or nearly so) of such inner box or case and between it
and its receptacle or outer case, such space or passage way when the
over is in use being filled (or nearly so) with steam of a sufficient
temperature for the purposes intended, and by the means and application
of steam in such manner baking or cooking bread and other articles of
food.
In carrying out my Invention I make the inner box and also its
receptacle or outer case of metal, preferably of sheets of wrought iron
in convenient sizes, well rivetted, fixed, or welded together, and of

page_text: sufficient strength to resist the pressure of the steam intended to be
used, and I support or suspend the inner box on, by, or to the receptacle
or outer case by means of distance pieces, rods, or bolts of metal of
sufficient strength for the purpose, so that an equidistant space between
the case and its receptacle is preserved and as little occupied as possible.
I furnish the receptacle or outer box with an inlet and outlet pipe or
orifice having suitable cocks to each, a steam pressure gauge, and a
safety valve, and I then generate steam in any convenient manner and
pass it into and so let it circulate through the space above described,
and after the lapse of some few minutes the indicator shows the
temperature which is sufficiently high for the baking intended. The
inner box or case may be made of any convenient size and form, but
preferably round or square, on plan, and about fifteen inches deep; its
receptacle or outer case may be of any convenient size and form, but
preferably of such size and form that it leaves a space of about 15 inches
all round the sides, top, and bottom between the two, and can, as also
the inner case, conveniently be made with a man-hole in it, or its top,
bottom, or any of its sides made removeable for cleansing or repairing
purposes. In some cases I prefer to make the inner case at an angle
or having its bottom and top inclined in cross section down to and
towards the door, and so allow the escape of moisture. Lastly, to the
receptacle or outer case I make a doorway of convenient size leading
to a doorway opposite (or nearly so) in the inner case with a steam-
tight lining between the doorways, and fix an ordinary counterpoised
door to the receptacle or outer case, which door can be easily opened
and shut.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY LAMPS TO BE USED IN COAL MINES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Swift at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th December
1869.
I, JOHN SWIFT, of Ashton-in-the-Willows, near Wigan, in the County
of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY LAMPS TO BE USED IN COAL MINES, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to safety lamps intended principally to be
used in coal mines, but such lamps might also be employed with
advantage by gasfitters and others in cases where a light is required
in the neighbourhood of inflammable gases.
The object of the Invention is to prevent the possibility (when the
lamp has been lighted and the cap screwed on) of the cap being un-
screwed from the lamp without extinguishing the light, and hence to
prevent the liability of an explosion taking place through the workman
thoughtlessly or wilfully opening his lamp whilst in an explosive
atmosphere. Inside the lower cavity of the cap of the lamp I mount a
small lever, one end of which carries an extinguisher, which when the

page_text: lever is turned over, as herein-after described, falls on to the wick of
the lamp and extinguishes the flame, and in connection with the same
I have a curved inclined plane for a purpose hereafter described. Fixed
to the lamp is a spring, which when the cap is screwed on comes im-
mediately in front of the lower end of the curved inclined plane above
mentioned. As soon as the workman commences to unscrew the cap
with a view to removing it the inclined plane comes under this spring
and raises it gradually until the higher end of the plane passes the
spring, when the latter immediately falls on one end of the lever before
named and tilts the same over so as to place the extinguisher on the
wick and put out the light. The further unscrewing of the cap will
only have the effect of bringing the spring against the under side of the
lever and pressing the extinguisher more tightly over the wick, so
as to ensure the total extinction of all fire before the cap can possibly
be removed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING ON LAND AND IN WATER
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Stansfeld at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
July 1869.
I, ALFRED STANSFELD, of Cornhill Chambers, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING ON LAND AND IN WATER," to be as follows:-
The main object of my Invention is the construction of apparatus to
be applied to a vehicle to be propelled on ordinary roads or other
surfaces by the power of a person or persons riding therein and without
other animal traction or other motive power. One or more levers or
arms is or are centered or mounted in the vehicle so that a rocking
motion may be applied to the levers or arms by the hand or foot of the
traveller. These levers are slotted, and in their slots a cranked axle is
engaged; this axle carries propelling wheels. As the levers are rocked
the crank axle is actuated and the wheels are turned, thereby propelling
the vehicle. In order to guide or steer the carriage one or more steering
wheels are mounted on a moveable axis or frame, which may be turned
so as to turn the wheels in the required direction by the traveller's feet
or otherwise.

page_text: The apparatus may be applied in a similar manner to boats using
paddle wheels or like contrivances for propelling.
The apparatus may be applied in a similar manner to boats using
paddle wheels or like contrivances for propelling.
Instead of working the levers or arms by human power other agency
may be used in like manner.