Iμ- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING COTTON, FLAX, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Hardman, of Farnworth, near Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, and James Dugdale, also of the same
זכוי
Sealed the 29th September 1857, and dated the 3rd April 1857...
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Hardman and
James Dugdale at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 3rd April 1857..
We, WILLIAM HARDMAN, of Farnworth, near Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, and JAMES DUGDALE, also of the same Place, Spindle and Flyer
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iμ-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING COTTON, FLAX, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
It consists in improvements in presser flyers, which act by centrifugal force,
and which are used in slubbing and roving frames. Our first improvement
consists in applying at the upper part of the leg of the flyer a lump or piece of
metal, in which is formed a centre, in which turns a light rod, at the lower
end of which is attached the presser. This centre is in such a position that
the rod by its centrifugal force, when the flyer is in action, produces the
necessary pressure, by which the presser compresses the slubbing or roving on
to the bobbin or spool. The lump is partly cut away, so as to form a stop,
which prevents the presser from opening too far.
Our second improvement consists in a variation of the above. In the lump

page_text: at the upper part of the leg of the flyer is a round hole, in which turns the
light rod which gives the centrifugal force. In the lump is also an helical
groove, in which works a pin attached to the light rod, so that when the flyer
is at work the weight of the rod operates as an assistance to the centrifugal
force.
It will be coon that these improvements are equally applicable to either
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said William Hardman
and James Dugdale in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th October
1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
HARDMAN, of Farnworth, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, and
JAMES DUGDALE, also of the same Place, Spindle and Flyer Manufacturers,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said William Hardman and James Dugdale, Her especial licence that
we, the said William Hardman and James Dugdale, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others that we, the said William Hardman and
James Dugdale, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR PREPARING COTTON, FLAX, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS,'
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William Hardman
and James Dugdale, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Hardman and James
Dugdale, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in whit
.

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, and accompanying Drawing (that
is to say)-
It consists in improvements in presser flyers, which act by centrifugal force,
and which are used in slubbing and roving frames and similar machines, the
nature of which will be understood from the annexed Drawing, where Fig. 1.
represents a front view of a flyer to which our first improvement is applied;
Fig. 2, an edge view of the same; and Fig. 5, a section through the line x, y,
Fig. 1, a, a, hollow leg of the flyer, through which the slubbing or roving
passes to the bobbin; b, b, the presser, which turns on the leg a, a, (at
the lower end,) in the usual manner.
To the shorter arm of the presser
is attached the light rod c, c, which proceeds upwards towards the top of the
leg, where it forms a curve d, d, (passing round the leg a, a,) and terminates
in a pivot, which works in a socket or hole in the lump or piece of metal e,
which is attached to the leg of the flyer in such a position that the light rod
c, c, can act by its centrifugal force to the best advantage to produce the
necessary pressure by which the presser compresses the slubbing or roving on
to the bobbin or spool.
The effect of this arrangement is not only that the rod c, c, is of the lightest
description calculated for the purpose, but also in the best position to maintain
during its working the general balance of the flyer. The lump e, as will be
seen by the Drawing, is partly cut away on one side, so as to form a stop,
which prevents the presser opening too far from the bobbin. We sometimes
carry the socket or hole in the lump or piece of metal e quite through, in
which case the pivot is lengthened, so as to pass through the hole, and is
secured abové by a washer and rivet or nut. By this means the presser is
suspended from above by means of the rod c, c, and the necessity of collars at
the bottom of the leg is dispensed with.
Our second improvement will be understood from Figs. 3 and 4: ff, hollow
leg of the flyer, through which the slubbing or roving passes to the bobbin;
g, g, the presser, from the shorter arm of which proceeds the rod h, h, the
upper end of which terminates in a pivot, which works in a hole or socket in
the lump or piece of metal i attached to the leg of the flyer. This hole or
socket is of such a depth as to allow the pivot to work freely up and down."
In the lump or piece of metal i is also a spiral or helical groove, in which
works a pin k, fixed to the pivot at the upper end of the rod h, h.
By this means, as the presser turns upon the leg of the flyer backwards or
forwards, the rod h, h, is raised or lowered, and thus by its weight operates to
press the presser up to or against the bobbin. The weight of the rod therefore

page_text: acts as an auxilliary to its centrifugal force, but may also be arranged to
produce the necessary pressure independent of it. In this construction no
collar at the bottom of the leg is required to support the presser.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we would have it understood that what we
claim as new and of our Invention is as follows:-
First, we claim the form, construction, arrangement, and combination of
parts constituting our first improvement in presser flyers which act by cen-
trifugal force, as shewn in Figs. 1, 2, and 5, and herein described.
Second, we claim the form, construction, arrangement, and combination of
parts constituting our second improvement in presser flyers, as shewn in Figs.
3 and 4, and herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Hardman, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
WILLIAM HARDMAN. (L.S.)
Signed by the within-named William
Hardman, in the presence of
JOHN POTTER, C.E.,
9, Corporation Street,
Manchester.