Improvements in Kilns for Burning Bricks, Tiles, and other 1 Articles.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 7th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 8th Dec., 1894
ROVISIONAL DIE
Improvements in Kilns for Burning Bricks, Tiles, and other
1
Articles.
I, WILLIAM HENRY SERCOMBE, of 8 Haldon View, Exmouth, in the County,
of Devon, Manager of Brick Kilns, do hereby declare the nature of this invention'
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to what are known as continuous or chamber kilns for
burning bricks and other articles and has for its object to so arrange the flues of
such kilns that the bricks or other articles will be uniformly burnt and free from
discoloration. In such kilns as generally heretofore constructed it has only been
usual to provide each chamber with an exit flue or opening communicating with the
main flue and the chimney, the result of which is that those portions of the contents
of the chamber which are not more or less in line with the heat inlet or inlets and
the exit opening are imperfectly burnt or discolored.
According to my invention I provide two or more exit openings in connection
with each chamber so that practically the whole contents of the chamber will be
directly acted upon by the products of combustion and whereby the steam will be
allowed to escape much more freely than heretofore, thus ensuring uniform burning
and preventing discoloration.
In carrying out my invention I advantageously arrange over the top of the
chambers, and as near the central thereof as possible, a flue (hereinafter termed a
steam flue) which communicates with one or more exit openings formed in the top
of each of the chambers and also at one or more points with the main flue which
latter is arranged in the space between the arches of the kiln. At the bottom of
each chamber on the side nearest to the main flue I form another exit opening
communicating by a branch with the main flue and I also advantageously form a
third exit opening at the side of the chamber nearest the outer wall, such third exit
opening also communicating with the main flue.
With this arrangement it will be readily understood that the hot air and products
of combustion coming from the cooling chambers or from the chambers under
fire into any other chamber will escape therefrom at different points around the
same, the exit openings in connection with the steam flue serving more particularly
for the escape of the steam. The communication between the upper exit openings
of each chamber and the steam flue is preferably controlled by caps, the edges of
which fit into grooves filled with sand; suitable dampers are also provided for
regulating the draught and for cutting off the different chambers from the main
flue when required.
The main flue may be extended to the chimney or shaft either above the chambers
or down and beneath the floor of the same.
Dated the 8th day of February 1894

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Kilns for Burning Bricks, Tiles, and other
Articles.
I, WILLIAM HENRY SERCOMBE, of 8, Haldon View, Exmouth, in the County
of Devon, Manager of Brick Kilus, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to what are known as continuous or chamber kilns for
burning bricks and other articles and has for its object to arrange the flues of such
kilns that the bricks or other articles will be uniformly burnt and free from
discoloration.
In such kilns as generally heretofore constructed it has only been usual to provide
each chamber with an exit flue or opening communicating with the main flue and
the chimney, the result of which is that those portions of the contents of the
chamber which are not more or less in line with the heat inlet or inlets and the
exit openings are imperfectly burnt or discolored.
According to my invention I provide two or more exit openings in connection
with each chamber so that practically the whole contents of the chamber will be
directly acted upon by the products of combustion and whereby the steam will be
allowed to escape much more freely than heretofore, thus ensuring uniform burning
and preventing discoloration.
In carrying out my invention I advantageously arrange over the top of the
chambers, and as near the centre thereof as possible, a flue (hereinafter termed a
steam flue) which communicates with one or more exit openings formed in the top
of each of the chambers and also at one or more points with the main flue, which
latter is arranged in the space between the arches of the kiln. At the bottom of
each chamber on the side nearest to the main flue I form another exit opening
communicating by a branch with the main flue and I also advantageously form a
third exit opening at the side of the chamber nearest the outer wall, such third exit
opening also communicating with the main flue.
With this arrangement it will be readily understood that the hot air and products
of combustion coming from the cooling chamber or from the chambers under fire
into any other chamber will escape therefrom at different points around the same,
the exit openings in connection with the steam flue serving more particularly for
the escape of the steam. The communication between the upper exit openings of
each chamber and the steam flue is preferably controlled by caps the edges of
which fit into grooves filled with sand; suitable dampers are also provided for
regulating the draught and for cutting off the different chambers from the main
flue when required.
The main flue may be extended to the chimney or shaft either above the chambers
or down and beneath the floor of the same.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is a plan partly in section of a kiln constructed according to my invention
for burning bricks, tiles and other articles:
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of the same, the section being taken on the
line 2-2, Figure 1:
Figure 3 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line 3--3, Figure 1:
Figures 4, 5 and 6 are respectively transverse sections on the lines 4-4, 5-5
and 6-6, Figure 1 ; and,
Figure 7 is a section of one of the caps for closing the openings from the
chambers to the steam flue.
a, a are the chambers of my kiln, which latter, as shewn in Figure 1, is repre-
sented as being formed with fourteen chambers, the dot and dash lines in the said
J

page_text: figure indicating the positions of the temporary walls which separate the said
chambers. b, b are the doors or openings for affording access to the chambers for
filling and emptying the same, and c, c are the holes or openings in the top or roof
of the kiln through which the fuel is introduced, all of which parts are of ordinary
construction and require no further description.
d is the main flue which is preferably what is known as a barrel flue, the said flue
being arranged between the arches of the chambers, as shewn most clearly in
Figures 4, 5 and 6, and being connected at the centre of its length by a flue e with
the chimney shaft, as shewn in Figures 1 and 6. g is the flue which I term the
steam flue which extends completely around the kiln above the arches and which
communicates with the main flue through one or more branches h, as shewn in
Figures 1 and 4.
i, are two exit openings formed between each chamber and the flue ỳ, and j, j¹
are two other openings also formed in each chamber at or near the floor thereof and
communicating with the main flue d through the branch flue k.
With this arrangement it will be readily understood that the heated air or gases
of combustion which enter a chamber can be caused to escape therefrom at different
points, that is to say, through the two openings i, ¹ in the roof thereof and the
other openings j, j in the floor thereof.
The passages i, are preferably provided with covers adapted to be sealed by
means of sand joints as shewn in Figure 7, which covers are removed when it is
desired to escape communication between any chamber and the flue
g.
The passage of the gases through each pair of openings j, j is controlled by
means of a single valve or damper placed at the point where the branch flue k
communicates with the main flue d, as shewn most clearly in Figures 3 and 5, the
said valves or dampers being operated by rods from the top of the kiln.
With this arrangement of the flues it will be understood that the heated air or
gases of combustion which enter a chamber become divided, part passing upwards
into the flue g and part downwards into the flue k and thence to the main flue.
It is to be understood that, although I have described each chamber as being
provided with four openings communicating with the flues, a less or greater number
may be employed as desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a kiln for burning bricks tiles and other articles, a main flue communicating
with openings at the bottom of the different chambers by means of branch flues
and another flue extending around the kiln above the arches and communicating
with each of the chambers at one or more points and also with the main flue,
substantially as described.
2. A kiln for burning bricks, tiles and other articles constructed and arranged
substantially in the manner hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
TO CONT
SLOTCH
TOOT
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.