Improvements in Open Fire Grates.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Sent., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 25th June, 1891-4ccepted, 19th Sept., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Open Fire Grates.
I, JOHN GRUNDY, of No. 30, Duncan Terrace, City Road, in the County of
London, and Tyldesley near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Heating
Apparatus Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in open fire grates.
In carrying it into effect, the back is made preferably in one piece with its sides
and smoke-nozzle. The smoke flue is led up inside the chimney for some distance,
and for that distance the chimney, being cut off from the flue proper, and being
also placed in communication with the open air and the room to be warmed, serves
as a warming chamber.
The cold air current from the outside strikes first upon the outer or rear face of
the fire grate which is furnished with gills, and flows thence into the warming
chamber above mentioned. Suitable adjustable gratings and dampers are used to
control the air channels.
The bottom grate of the fire grate is fixed at a lower level, in respect of the
lower front bar, than it has hitherto been the custom to place it. This produces a
coking chamber in which the lowest stratum of fuel will be coked before it is burnt.
A hit-and-miss ventilator is applied to this chamber for the purpose of regulating
the draft.
Dated this 25th day of September 1890.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Open Fire Grates.
1, JOHN GRUNDY, of No. 30, Duncan Terrace, City Road, in the County of
London, and Tyldesley, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Heating
Apparatus Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in open fire grates.
In carrying it into effect, the back is made, preferably, in one piece with its sides
and smoke-nozzle. The smoke flue is led up inside the chimney for some distance,
and for that distance the chimney being cut off from the flue proper, and being
also placed in communication with the open air and the room to be warmed, serves
as a warming chamber.
The cold air current from the outside strikes first upon the outer or rear face of
the fire grate, which is furnished with gills, and flows thence into the warming
chamber above mentioned. Suitable adjustable gratings and dampers are used to
control the air channels.
The bottom grate of the fire grate is dispensed with and replaced by the solid
floor. This produces a coking chamber in which the lower stratum of fuel will be
coked before it is burnt. A hit-and-miss ventilator is applied to this chamber for
the purpose of regulating the draft.
In order that the invention, and the means of carrying it into practical effect
may be thoroughly understood, I will proceed to describe them in detail, referring

page_text: in so doing to the accompanying figures which are to be taken as part of this
Specification and read therewith.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken on the line A-B of Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a front elevation.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of a modification according to which the hit-and-miss
ventilator across the top of the grate and in the front of the warming chamber is
replaced by a perforated plate.
The directions of the respective air currents are indicated by the arrows.
a is the back of the fire grate, and is made preferably in one piece with the sides b.
al is a water tight chamber formed in the back a and which has a hot water
circulation connected to it, and to which it acts as boiler.
is the smoke nozzle; and d, the smoke flue. The latter stands centrally within
the chimney e, but does not ascend it to more than a moderate height. The top of
the flue is made up smoke and air tight up to the side of the chimney, so that the
lower portion e¹ of the chimney ceases to be chimney properly speaking, and is
merged in the warming chamber which surrounds the flue d and extends from the
top of the stove front down to the floor level behind the stove.
is the cold air supply to the warming chamber f. The cold air is delivered
into it from the external atmosphere through a convenient and regulatable series of
holes or equivalent openings g. As soon as the air enters the warming chamber it
strikes upon a series of gills h which are arranged vertically upon the back face of
the stove back.
i is the hit-and-miss ventilator through which the warmed current of air flows out
of the chamber finto the room to be warmed.
in Fig. 3 is a perforated plate adapted to pass the supply of warmed air into
the room.
jis the fuel basket. The grate bars K are more numerous than usual in open
fire grates as usually made. The well known bottom grate is replaced by the solid
floor or hearthstone . is a hit-and-miss ventilator; and ', the lever by which it
is worked. Its function is to regulate the draught of air to the burning fuel, and
consequently the rate of combustion. The lower portion of the front face of the
boiler a', the sides and the ventilator form a coking chamber in which the lower
strata of fuel are efficiently and economically coked. The practical effect of this
coking chamber is that small or slack coal can be used, and will be coked before it
is burnt, the gases given off during the coking being consumed.
According to the drawings, the fuel is fed on to the fire through the front of the
stove in the ordinary way, but I may construct a feeding nozzle through the back
down which the fuel is fed by any suitable device.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
The combination of air warming chamber, fuel basket down to the floor and
having a coking chamber incorporated therewith, means for regulating the supply of
air to the burning fuel, hot water boiler in the grate-back, gills projecting into the
air warming chamber and air-inlet and outlet as set forth.
Dated this 25th day of June 1891
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.