matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR EXPRESSING THE JUICE From Sugar CanE AND BEETROOT, AND FOR OTHER SUCH LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bancroft Espent at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th August 1874.
I, WILLIAM BANCROFT ESPEUT, of No. 14, Southwick Street, Hyde
Park, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR EXPRESSING THE JUICE
From Sugar CanE AND BEETROOT, AND FOR OTHER SUCH LIKE PURPOSES,” to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for
expressing the juice from sugar cane and beetroot, and for other such like
purposes:
I employ an hydraulic press, and on the table of the press I place a
strong metallic vessel, by preference of cylindrical form; its sides are
perforated with small holes, and it is open at the top and bottom. This
vessel is lined with woollen cloth or other suitable material, and the
sugar cane or beetroot having been first reduced to pulp is introduced
into it by means of a feed trough. The pulp is divided into thin layers

page_text: by trays or partitions of wickerwork or other suitable material, or by
mats inserted at intervals into the pressing vessel in order that the fluid
may find a ready escape. The woolfen or other lining is folded in over
the uppermost partition, and then the charge being ready for pressing
the table of the press ascends with the pressing vessel upon it, and a
piston-like block fixed to the head of the press enters the pressing
vessel. The fluid escapes by the perforations, and the solid matter of
the sugar cane or beetroot is retained within and compressed into a cake
at the bottom of the pressing vessel. The discharge of the solid cake
thus produced is effected by pushing it through the open lower end of
the pressing vessel. This can be done in the following manner :-The
table of the press is allowed to descend a short distance whilst the
pressing vessel is retained below the piston-like pressing block. This
effects a separation between the pressing vessel and the press table, and
allows latches jointed to the vessel to fall. The table then rises again
and pressing or bearing against the latch pieces it raises the pressing
vessel, and the piston above pushes out the cake on to the table of the
press. It is removed, the pressing vessel is restored to its original
position, and the operation is repeated, and so the work goes on
rapidly.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gustavus Adolphus Buchholz.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st January 1874.
I, GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS BUCHHOLZ, of Nottingham, in the County of
Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER," to be as
follows:-
The improved apparatus for obtaining motive power, which forms the
subject of the present Invention, consists of an overshot water wheel,
which is enclosed in a case, to which the water is admitted from a
reservoir placed at any convenient altitude above. The pressure of the
water on the floats of the water wheel causes the latter to rotate, and by
means of a spur wheel (on the axle of the water wheel), which is made
to gear into another toothed wheel or pinion rotary motion is com-
municated to a three-throw crank shaft, on which the pinion is mounted,

page_text: These cranks by means of connecting rods impart a vibrating motion to
three rocking levers, the opposite ends of which are connected by links
to the piston rods of three force pumps, whereby the water that has
escaped from the water wheel will be forced up into the reservoir, from
whence it will descend again to act a second time on the water wheel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE TABLES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Cameron at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th August
1874.
THE
I, PETER CAMERON, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE TABLES," to be as follows:
The object of this Invention is to construct a dining or other table so
that it will admit of being folded up and stowed away when not required
for use, and is principally intended to be used for schools or places of
amusement where room is a great object, but it may also be used for
other purposes.
The Invention consists in the employment and use of an ordinary
rectangular table top, to which I attach four swinging or hinged legs so
as to fold flat to the under side thereof.
To the under part of the table top at each end I attach by hinges (or
other suitable contrivance), two legs framed together at top and bottom
by cross pieces or bars, the bottom bar is slotted or bored about the

page_text: middle and turns or swivels slightly in its bearings for a purpose here-
after mentioned.
I also attach by hinges or other similar means to the under part of the
table top (about the middle) two stays or strengthening pieces of such a
length that they reach when down a little beyond the bottom cross bar
of the legs; these stays are passed through and slides in the slots formed
in the said bottom cross bar.
When the table is required for use the legs are drawn down from
under the table top, carrying with them the stays, until the legs get in a
perpendicular position. A thumbscrew is then screwed into an orifice
in the cross, and through a hole formed in the strengthening stay
which holds the table rigid and firm it its position. These stays are
provided with T which prevent them coming through the slots in the
cross bars.
When the table is not required for use the thumbscrew is taken out,
the legs folded up under the table top (carrying with them the
strengthening stays which cross each other), the same thumbscrew is
then inserted in the orifice cf the strengthening stays and screwed into a
screwed hole formed under the table top, which holds the legs and stays
quite flat and well bedded to the table top, and thus makes it quite
compact and portable, so that it can easily be carried about or stowed
away.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING AND USING OR APPLYING FOR LUBRICATION THE COMPOSITION KNOWN AS HOT-Neck Grease, comMONLY USED AS A LUBRICANT TO THE JOURNALS OF ROLLS FOR HOT METAL ROLLING, OR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Key at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th July
1874.
I, JOHN KEY, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Oil
Merchant and Grease Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my
said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING AND USING OR APPLYING
FOR LUBRICATION THE COMPOSITION KNOWN AS HOT-Neck Grease, comMONLY USED AS
A LUBRICANT TO THE JOURNALS OF ROLLS FOR HOT METAL ROLLING, OR OTHER LIKE
PURPOSES," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
The unctuous compound commonly used for the purpose of lubricating
the journals of rolls used in hot metal rolling or other like purposes, is
prepared and poured into casks where it sets in a solid mass or body
requiring to be broken up like pitch for use, and my improvement
simply consists in preparing the said compound and running it into
moulds of any desirable shape and size, that the same may be packed
and vended or sold in a convenient form for handling, and apply a cake
or block to the journals of hot metal rolls; and if necessary the said
cakes or blocks so prepared and applied may be advanced with a

page_text: self-acting advancing motion which will have the effect of keeping the
desired part of the said block or cake in contact with the periphery of
the revolving journal, thus ensuring a regulated continuous supply
which is desirable as it supplies the lubrication only where needed,
thus avoiding the disagreeable clogging to the surrounding parts now
common with the present mode of using such material by melting and
pouring it on from a ladle, and these same lubricating cakes or blocks
may be used for other purposes where continuous lubrication is required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLING MACHINES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Kilburn and Louis
Gooder at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 19th November 1874.
We, RICHARD KILBURN, of Leeds, in the County of York, Machinist,
and LOUIS GOODER, of Wakefield, in the same County, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MILLING MACHINES," (to be as follows) :-
:-
The object of this Invention is to render such machines capable of
more quickly stopping when the piece or fabric becomes knotted or
otherwise entangled, and as quickly starting when the impediment is
removed, and thereby prevent damage to the fabric and loss of time in
the stoppage of the machine. For this purpose we employ a friction box
or clutch box driving pulley instead of ordinary fast and loose, pullies,
and we mount the clutch box or friction box fork upon one end or arm
of a bell-crank lever, and by means of a lever worked by the ordinary
'knocking-off board" acting upon the other end of the said bell-crank
lever the machine is rendered self-acting both in stopping and starting,
6

page_text: by which improvements the machine may be quickly stopped and
started or "set on," avoiding damage to the piece which frequently
results from the loss of time in changing the driving belt or strap
from one pulley to the other, and avoids wear and tear of the driving
belts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISCHARGING WATER AND AIR FROM PIPES AND VESSELS HEATED BY STEAM
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Braidwood at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
November 1874.
I, JOHN BRAIDWOOD, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISCHARGING WATER AND AIR FROM
PIPES AND VESSELS HEATED BY STEAM," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object the construction of apparatus for
discharging water and air from pipes and vessels heated by steam, so as
whilst simple and effective to be not liable to get out of order.
In one modification of the improved apparatus the pipe for leading
away the water is connected to the bottom of a vessel of any convenient
form, and which is in communication with the pipes or vessels heated by
steam. From the outlet pipe there projects up inside the vessel a tube,
having its upper end closed, whilst a number of holes are made round
its lower part immediately above a collar, serving as a seat to the bottom.
end of a second tube fitted to work easily upon the first one. A float is
fixed to or on the outer tube, and when water accumulates in the vessel

page_text: this float lifts up the outer tube, and uncovering the holes in the inner
tube allows the water to escape.
In a second modification the inner tube is made short and of com-
paratively larger. diameter, as is also the outer tube, but in addition to
the latter closing with its bottom edge against a seating below the holes
in the inner tube it is also formed with an internal shoulder to close
against a second seat which is formed above the holes on the inner
part.
For the escape of air a separate outlet is provided in the top of the
vessel, or preferably in the top of a pipe fixed to the top of the vessel,
and this outlet is closed by a common conical valve, which is held by a
rod of zinc or other metal, which, expands by heat to a greater extent
than the iron of which the vessel or attached pipe is made. When the
vessel is cold the valve is open, and on steam being first admitted the
air is blown out, but afterwards the steam heats the valve rod and by
expanding it makes it close the outlet.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR ADJUSTING AND ATTACHING KNOBS OR HANDLES TO THE SPINDLES OF MORTISE AND OTHER LOCKS OR FASTENINGS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Harrington at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th March
1874.
I, JOHN HARRINGTON, of Ryde, Isle of Wight, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS
FOR ADJUSTING AND ATTACHING KNOBS OR HANDLES TO THE SPINDLES OF MORTISE
AND OTHER LOCKS OR FASTENINGS," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in means for adjusting
and attaching knobs or handles to the spindles of mortise and other
locks or fastenings. For this purpose the spindle is formed square as
usual, the corners of which are cut into portions of a screw to enable a
nut to be screwed thereon.
The knob or handle and the rose or nut are put together in such
manner that the one can turn on the other, and yet that they cannot be
separated from each other accidentally.
The rose or nut is formed with a screw thread in the interior thereof
•
11

page_text: with it the knob or handle, which is formed with a square hole, and
therefore cannot turn on the spindle.
A set screw may be employed to prevent rotation to the rose or nut
when once adjusted, and in order to facilitate application of the knob or
handle to the spindle the end of the spindle may for a short distance be
made plain and be tapered. By these means I am enabled to obtain
any required amount of adjustment of the knob or handle on its spindle,
and the parts are firmly connected together without any liability to
become accidentally separated from each other.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING COTTON BLACK FOR WEAVING ELASTIC WEB AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Lowe at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
October 1874.
•
I, WILLIAM LOWE, of the Town of Derby, Dyer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING COTTON
BLACK FOR WEAVING ELASTIC WEB AND OTHER FABRICS," to be as follows:-
I boil the cotton up with soda or other alkali, then turn it in a nitrate
of iron wash and master it with whitening, wring out and body with
sumach and terra japonica or cutch, turn in a cold solution of acitate of
iron, wash off and master with whitening, wring out and treat with a
solution or liquor of logwood and soap at three separate heats, then
treat with the same solution boiling hot, wash with clean cold water
and dry.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENERS FOR WINDOW SASRES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Peck at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th September
1874.
I, EDWARD PECK, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENERS FOR WINDOW SASRES," to be as follows,
that is to say:
-
This Invention has for its object the constructing of fasteners for
window sashes in an improved manner and so as to be self-acting.
In carrying out the Invention a hook-shaped lever latch is hinged
between a pair of metal cheeks fixed to the top of the lower sash, whilst
to the bottom frame of the upper sash there is fixed a metal piece having
a bevilled top part, and an opening under such bevilled part. When the
lower sash is shut down the nose of the lever latch encounters the
bevilled part, is by it turned sufficiently back to clear it, and then
returns by its own weight under the bevilled part, and in that position
holds the sashes fastened. When about to open the window the lever

page_text: latch is moved back or lifted by means of its inner end, and a small
weighted catch hinged beneath the bevilled part tilts up against the nose
of the latch, and holds it in the open position until the window is opened.
The back part of the lever latch is made of an inclined form to serve
as a guide to lead Venetian blinds clear of the sash when being lowered.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ORNAMENTATION OF MARBLE AND OTHER STONE, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gustave Hubmann at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
March 1874.
I, GUSTAVE HUBMANN, of Paris, France, but temporarily of 4, South
Street, Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
ORNAMENTATION OF MARBLE AND OTHER STONE, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER
PURPOSES," to be as follows, that is to say:-
The Invention consists in applying and fixing copper in marble and
other stone, such as granite and slate, for the purpose of ornamentation,
and for other useful purposes, such as address and sign plates, and by
which I obtain great purity and fineness of design at small expense and
little trouble.
To carry out my Invention I first draw upon the surface of the
marble to be operated upon the design, letter, or sign required to be
metallised, and I cover the parts to be reserved with varnish. I then
plunge the marble into a bath of diluted acid and leave it there until
the acid has eaten or hollowed out the design or
sign to the depth

page_text: required. This done I deposit by means of a brush in the hollows thus
formed a varnish, and when this varnish is half dry I apply plumbago
thereon by means of a hard brush.
To ensure the adherence of the copper when applied I fix some
copper rivets in the parts to be covered with metal. The marble being
thus prepared I place it in a weak galvanic bath when the copper is at
once precipitated over the whole surface and forms one with the rivets.
I leave the marble in the bath until it has acquired a deposit of the
thickness of metal required. When the required thickness is attained
the marble is removed from the bath and polished, and it may then be i
gilded, silvered, or bronzed by known processes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHODS OF AND IN APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING THE SLIDES OF STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER MACHINERY, AND FOR FILTERING THE LUBRICANT EMPLOYED
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Woodcock at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th October 1874.
I, JAMES WOODCOCK, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE METHODS OF AND IN APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING THE SLIDES OF STEAM
ENGINES AND OTHER MACHINERY, AND FOR FILTERING THE LUBRICANT EMPLOYED,”
to be as follows: :-
My Invention relates to the slides or slide bars of steam engines, and
to the slides of planing machines, and to slides or surfaces upon which
moving bodies slide in other machinery. Taking for example the case
of a horizontal steam engine, the slide blocks of such an engine move to
and fro on slides, that is to say, on planed metal surfaces, and it is of
great importance that such surfaces shall be well lubricated.
Previously to my said Invention recesses to contain oil have been
formed at each end of each slide, but this arrangement has not
thoroughly lubricated the central parts of the said slides, which parts
sustain about the greatest amount of pressure. To remedy this defect

page_text: I employ pumping apparatus to deliver oil or lubricant at or near the
central part of the slide, or at any other desired part of the slide.
In an arrangement which I now consider to be suitable the oil is
conveyed from the recesses at the ends of the slides to a cistern, and is
withdrawn from the said cistern at intervals by means of a small force
pump, which is actuated by the cross head or sliding block of the engine
as it moves to and fro, or is otherwise actuated by any suitable moving
part of the engine, and the oil so withdrawn is conveyed by a pipe or
passage to a recess formed at about the centre of the slide.
I prefer to filter the oil before readmitting it to the slide, and the said
force pump furnishes means for effecting such filtering.
The oil may be forced by the action of the said pump through a
suitable filtering medium, such for example as wire gauze, felt, sponge,
certain descriptions of leather, or of combinations of such materials or
substances, and the filtered oil be conveyed to the slide.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND MEANS AND APPARAtus FOR BOTTLING AND Preserving Ale, Porter, and liKE FERMENTED BEVERAGES IN SYPHON BOTTLES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bruce and Benjamin
Sykes at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 16th April 1874.
We, WILLIAM BRUCE, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester,
Ærated Water Manufacturer, and Benjamin SYKES, of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND MEANS AND APPARAtus
FOR BOTTLING AND Preserving Ale, Porter, and liKE FERMENTED BEVERAGES IN
SYPHON BOTTLES," to be as follows:-
First Part. Our method of bottling any of the said beverages in syphon
bottles or vessels consists in effecting that operation by what we call the
intermittent system, that is to say, we invert a syphon bottle underneath
the filling apparatus, and after allowing a quantity of the beverage at
pressure to flow into the bottle, we shut off the supply and then allow
the air which has been compressed to flow off. The alternate supply of
beverage and withdrawal of air is repeatead until the bottle or vessel is
full or nearly full.

page_text: Second Part. To preserve any of the said beverages in a sharp and
desirable condition, and to ensure that the whole of the contents can be
withdrawn as desired, we subsequently to filling or nearly filling charge
the contents with carbonic acid gas, which wo force or allow to flow in,
preferably at a pressure of over 100 pounds to the square inch.
Third Part. The novel apparatus which we provide for carrying the
first part of our Invention into practice consists essentially of a nozzle
having two passages or ways leading or opening therefrom, cach passage
having a tap or valve, or a two-way may be connected so as to serve for
both. The one of these passages when open conveys the beverage under
pressure obtained by a pump or other means through the nozzle into the
syphon, and the other allows the compressed air to escape into tho
atmosphere when the supply of beverage is shut off.
Fourth Part. The apparatus for effecting the operations of filling or
nearly filling a syphon bottle with the desired beverage by the inter-
mittent system, and also of charging such beverage with carbonic acid
gas, consists of a nozzle having three passages or ways leading or
opening therefrom, each passage or way being controlled by a tap or
valve, or a three way tap may be used. One of the passages conveys the
beverage to the syphon, the second allows the air compressed during
filling to escape, and the third admits the carbonic acid gas.
AN IMPROVED LEGGING OR GAITER BOOT
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Plant at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th November
1874.
I, JOHN PLANT, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Boot-
maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED LEGGING OR GAITER BOOT," to be as follows, that is to say :--
This Invention consists in combining the legging and the boot in one
in such manner that the legging shall be attached to the boot and be
inseparable from it and thus prevent its turning round, twisting, or
getting out of place, whilst the most perfect freedom is afforded in
walking. This I effect by cutting the legging in one piece with the
back quarter, or by attaching the piece for the legging to the top of the
back quarter.
A NEW OR IMPROVED SAFETY APPARATUS OR RECEPTACLE FOR SECURING WATCHES AND VALUABLES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Cozens Thwaites at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th February 1874.
I, WILLIAM COZENS THWAITES, of Grasmere Villa, Clyde Road,
Redland, Bristol, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW OR IMPROVED SAFETY APPARATUS OR RECEPTACLE FOR SECURING
WATCHES AND VALUABLES," to be as follows :-
I form by stamping or making up in very thin metal a pocket, case,
or receptacle of suitable shape to be inserted in the pocket of a waistcoat
or other vestment within which it is intended to be secured by stitching
through or by a loop or loops or eyes, and a pin or pins inserted beneath
or from behind the lining. The mouth or opening through which or
into which the watch or other articlo is inserted is closed by a lid or
cover hinged or otherwise secured thereto, and having a spring catch or
catches and a snap or other kind of fastener with a button head or other
pressure piece for operating it. In most cases I prefer to have a snap

page_text: fastener or catch at each end of the metal case, or there may be
only one.
The thin metal pocket or case when used as a safety watch pocket
may have a small opening cut in its cover or flap to allow of the chain
attached to a watch passing through it, and the whole may be lined 5
inside with wash leather, velvet, or other suitable material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAY CHAIRS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Wilde at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
January 1874.
I, THOMAS WILDE, of Hyde, in the County of Chester, Land Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAY CHAIRS," to be as follows:-
This Invention is designed to dispense with the use of wooden or
other keys or similar fastenings, and so to construct the chair that the
rail shall be held firmly therein, and may be removed and replaced at
any time with the greatest facility.
The chair consists of a sole plate and a fixed jaw cast in one piece,
and a movable jaw, so constructed and fitted thereto that the weight of
the rail itself causes the said movable jaw to hold the web of the rail
firmly, and the greater the weight of the engine or train passing over
the rail the more firmly will the movable jaw be held against the web
of the rail.
--oszable jew is cast somewhat in the form of a bell-crank lever,

page_text: cast in the sole plate for that purpose; the horizontal arm of the bell
crank is recessed into the sole plate, and extends beneath the rail
which rests upon it. The vertical arm forms the movable jaw, and it
will be evident that the pressure of the rail upon the horizontal arm will
cause the said jaw to bear firmly against the side of the web of the rail,
and that the greater the pressure the firmer will be the hold of the rail.
On the other hand the rails can be readily lifted at any time by placing
a crowbar or lever underneath the same, when the movable jaw will
turn upon its pivots or fulcra and the rail can be withdrawn.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC PUMPS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Bacon and Henry Searle
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 17th November 1874.
We, JOHN BACON, Trinity Street, Gainsborough, in the County of
Lincoln, and HENRY SEARLE, Caroline Street, Groves, Hull, in the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC PUMPS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists,-
Firstly. In applying a vessel or apparatus to receive the exhaust or
discharge, so that it may subside and return smoothly into the tanks and
not allow the pumps to discharge directly into the tank as is done in
the usual way; by this application a more steady working of the pumps
and a more even pressure is maintained.
Secondly. To carry out this improvement we place a vessel or other
apparatus to the under side of the pumps on a suitable stand, or attach
it by other means to catch or baffle the force of the exhaust or discharge
therefrom, so that the discharge does not agitate the liquid in the tank

page_text: or cistern, and cause the pumps to work irregular and not maintain an
even pressure.
Thirdly. In applying to the vessel or apparatus a pipe or spout to
convey the discharged liquid into the tank or cistern, so that the liquid
in the tank or cistern will not be agitated or forced from the pump feed 5
pipe.
A NEW OR IMPROVED INSTRUMENT OR APPARATUS INTENDED FOR CRUSHING AND PREPARING FOOD FOR CONSUMPTION BY MEN AND ANIMALS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th April 1874. A communication from abroad by Louis Honoré
Hivonnait, of No. 64, Faubourg St. Martin, Paris, France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED INSTRUMENT OR APPARATUS
INTENDED FOR CRUSHING AND PREPARING FOOD FOR CONSUMPTION BY MEN AND
ANIMALS," a communication to me from abroad by Louis Honoré
Hivonnait, of No. 64, Faubourg St. Martin, Paris, France, to be as
follows:-
―
This instrument made of cast iron or of steel and in imitation of the
human jaw is intended to replace the want of teeth or to husband those
still existing.
The accompanying Sheet of Drawing represents in elevation and
section an instrument embodying this Invention.
A indicating the handle of the lever actuating the lower jaw B, and
pivoting upon the pin C; D, fixed part carried by the slab E. All kinds
of food may be prepared, crushed, or bruised at will by pressing with

page_text: more or less force npon the handle A of the lever, the food falling
naturally into a plate placed beneath.
The jaws may if desired be coated with gold, platinum, or enamel.
The food will be kept warm by means of a spirit lamp, which will
give the requisite heat to the "manducator." This instrument will
be found very advantageous in the army and navy for crushing biscuit.
Made of large size the "manducator" may be used to prepare food for
animals, as instead of cutting the food this instrument by masticating it
renders it easier of digestion.
This instrument has the additional advantages of great simplicity and
power, and of being very cheap.
Au IMPROVED LEVEL
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th March 1874.-A communication from abroad by Messieurs
Granjon and Combeaud, of Lyons, France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "Au IMPROVED LEVEL," a communication to me
from abroad by Messieurs Granjon and Combeaud, of Lyons, France,
to be as follows:-
The improved level, the subject of this Invention, is composed, as
shown on the accompanying Sheet of Drawing, of two glass or crystal
tubes A bent at right angles at the point a. They are connected by an
A
india-rubber tube B which forms joint by pressing on the ends a.
metal box (drawn in bluc, Figures 1, 2, and 3) serves as framing. Two
tubular pieces D soldered to the two ends of the box serve to keep the
two tubes A in a same plane. A rectangular plate E slides in the
lower part of the box and serves to close it, pierced with a hole in its
centre; this same plate serves also to fix the apparatus at the end of
a stick of any kind planted in the ground. The apparatus thus set, the
operation is as with the ordinary water level.
:

page_text: The two tubes A when not in use fold easily with the india-rubber,.
and are placed lengthwise in the box, which is closed again by the
plate E. The size of the level is then insignificant and it may be easily
carried in the pocket. It may however be made of any shape and
dimensions. The accompanying Drawing is only given as an illustration.
A level of from 10 to 12 inches long may be very useful.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Henry Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th July 1874.
I, JAMES HENRY SMITH, of Albion Works, Lansdowne Road, London
Fields, London, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES,"
to be as follows:―
1st. An adjustable presser spring & foot steadier, having for its
object to dispense with coiled springs & steady pins as generally used
by other machines. The same consists of a flat spring so made &
applied that it fits into a cross slot in a convenient part of the presser
spindle.
2nd. Cotton take-up actuated by a cam on revolving shaft whereby
the take-up can be timed.
3rd. Shuttle lifter for raising the shuttle out of the box, thereby
obviating the necessity of using any instrument for raising the shuttle
at the risk of injury to shuttle or shuttle box. In conjunction with the

page_text: same a flat spring or other device for the purpose of keeping the shuttle
down & restraining the thread from passing over the shuttle too
quickly.
4th. Improved feed motion, which consists of a connecting rod working
on a moveable fulcrum lever (by which length of stitch is regulated)
connected to the feeder; the other end of said feeder working on a pivot
or other device (at end opposite to serrated teeth), so that it can move
forward & backward for the purpose of carrying the work along, said
connecting rod operated by excentric or other device from revolving
shaft.
5th. Improved shuttle, consisting of a small lever working on pivot
through a slot across the upper side of shuttle, & through which the
thread is passed, having for its object to take up slack of shuttle cotton,
& also forming an elastic tension on shuttle thread. Said lever is made
to return to position by a spring.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE AND APPARATUS FOR INDICATING THE NUMBER OF STROKES OR REVOLUTIONS MADE BY AN ENGINE OR OTHER MACHINERY IN A GIVEN SPACE OF TIME
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Armitage Brown and
John Palmer Woodcock at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 1st June 1874.
We, WILLIAM ARMITAGE BROWN, of 27, Victoria Road, Peckliam
Rye, Surrey, and JOHN PALMER WOODCOCK, of Tor Villa, St. John's
Road, Brixton, Surrey, Civil Engineers, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE AND APPARATUS FOR
INDICATING THE NUMBER OF STROKES OR REVOLUTIONS MADE BY AN ENGINE OR
OTHER MACHINERY IN A GIVEN SPACE OF TIME," to be as follows, that is to
say:-
We enclose a spindle working in bearings in a case of any convenient
form, which spindle we drive by a cord and pulley or by other suitable
means from the shaft or other part of the engine or machinery the
speed of which we desire to ascertain. We call this the driving spindle,
and we mount on it a boss revolving with it but capable of sliding
backwards and forwards in a line with its axis. We attach to this boss
vanes like those of a screw propeller or windmill, and we act against it
by a spiral or other spring so that when the driving spindle is made to
revolve the action of a fluid contained in the case on the inclineḍ

page_text: surfaces of the vanes causes the boss to move against the action of the
spring in proportion to the speed or velocity at which it is driven, and
this movement of the boss along the spindle we transmit by a nut kept
from revolving by one or more guides, and fitting on a spirally grooved
spindle or shaft carrying the index hand, which hand indicates the
number of revolutions by figures on a graduated dial. The arrangement
of the parts may be variously modified; as, for instance, the boss may be
made to move along guides instead of along the driving spindle, and the
movement of the boss may be transmitted to the index finger by means
of a rack and pinion.
We work the vanes in any fluid, either gaseous or liquid, but in the
latter case it must not be one which would be either too volatile or too
apt to congeal between the extremes of temperature to which it is to be
exposed, and we prefer a liquid varying as little as possible from
differences of temperature; we find glycerine to answer well. But as
all liquids vary in differenees of temperature we either keep the fluid at
an uniform temperature, as, for instance, by using boiling water, or we
compensate for the differences caused on the index by the alteration of
gravity, which may be done in many ways, as, for instance, by making
the hand loose on the grooved spindle or shaft and connecting the two
by a spiral wire of sufficient length to compensate for such differences.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Stephenson Macdonald
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 21st April 1874.
I, WILLIAM STEPHENSON MACDONALD, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO BOILERS FOR GENERATING
STEAM," to be as follows:-
The steam to be generated may be used as motive power for heating
and boiling water or heating apartments.
My Invention consists in the application of oscillating or revolving
agitators in the boiler, which agitators keep the circulation of the water
in the boiler more uniform, and also liberates the steam more rapidly
with a corresponding saving of fuel.
In raising steam under high pressure there is a great accumulation of
latent heat in the water, which latent heat when set free by the starting
of the engine or otherwise causes instant expansion, which not un-
frequently bursts the boiler, the agitation of the water in the boiler
under such circumstances liberates the steam gradually and prevents the

page_text: mischief, the agitators being in action during the generation of the
steam will prevent the priming over which is so injurious, the apparatus
which may consist of a revolving screw or horizontal or oblique blades
or other equivalents can be moved with a connection through a stuffing
box with steam from the boiler or a shaft from the engine.
The mechanical agitation of the water in the boiler causes the water
to absorb the heat more rapidly with a corresponding increase of steam
in much less time than in the ordinary methods.
The invention is applicable to any shape of boiler that will admit of
oscillating or revolving agitators with or without internal tubes or flues
whether waggon shaped, round, horizontal, upright, or conical in form;
the beneficial effects of agitating the water increases in proportion to the
increase of steam pressure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pierre Sarkissian at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
June 1874.
I, PIERRE SARKISSIAN, of Paris, in the Département of the Seine,
in the Republic of France, Ingénieur, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES," to be as
follows:--
The improvements, the subject of this Invention, relate to an
important point in sewing machines, namely, the feed motion, and the
regulation of the stitch.
The cloth feeder presents certain mechanical complications as regards
the presser foot or catch. The presser foot or catch, which seizes the
cloth at the moment the needle leaves it to carry it forward, must in
this action execute a horizontal movement, then rise vertically to come
back to its point of departure, and so on. These various evolutions are
in ordinary sewing machines operated by means of cams, the arrangement
of which is such that they act violently upon the feeder, causing noise,
and rapid wearing of the parts.

page_text: My improvements are based upon the construction and arrangement
of the cams and levers working the feeder, to which cams and levers I
have given large proportions, resulting in easy motions.
On reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawing it will be seen
that the presser foot or catch a is fixed to a lever arm A, which forms
one piece with an arm or bar B held by the two points c, d. It will be
evident that the action of this bar is. of the easiest, and almost exempt
from friction, its movement being limited to a simple oscillation between
these points. Two cams E, F, produce the one the horizontal feed
motion and the other the vertical motion by actuating each of the
rollers e, f. The cam E, which acts also as fly to the machine, is
notched or grooved in one of its faces to guide the roller e, which
causing the bar B to pivot gives the horizontal motion to the lever A.
A spring p brings back the bar B.
The cam F actuating the needle holder also possesses a bossage or
projection which uplifts the roller F and consequently the presser foot
or catch a.
So much for the general movement, but it is necessary to be enabled
to regulate at will the feed of the cloth in order to lengthen or shorten
the stitch. The cam E is still this regulator; the bossage upon it is of
a conical form, so that the nearer the roller e approaches the centre the
more its journey is lengthened; and on the contrary, the further it is
from this centre the less its displacement. In order to give this
mobility to the roller I have set it on the arm G, which is fixed to the
bar B by a screw pin 9, in such wise that it may pivot round this screw 2
under the impulsion of the regulating screw P. The result is a double:
motion of the arm G, namely, an oscillating movement under the action
of the cam E, and a shifting movement by the regulating screw P. I.
thus obtain a tension, which, instead of violently pulling the thread as
do ordinary tension arrangements, acts according to requirement (see 3
Fig. 4).
•
NEW OR IMPROVED SAFETY FITTINGS FOR STEAM BOILERS TO PREVENT THEIR EXPLOSION OR THE INJURIOUS EFFECTS THEREOF
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Cullen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
December 1874.
I, JOHN CULLEN, of Falkirk, in the County of Stirling, North Britain,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "NEW
OR IMPROVED SAFETY FITTINGS FOR STEAM BOILERS TO PREVENT THEIR EXPLOSION
OR THE INJURIOUS EFFECTS THEREOF," to be as follows:-
This said Invention consists in forming a steam escape opening or
hole (preferably round) through the shell of the boiler, and in bolting
or otherwise fixing thereto a safety plate or piece of sheet metal,
preferably of a soft homogeneous metal, such as copper, and of a
previously proved strength, that it would burst or give way under the
extreme or maximum pressure to which the boiler was allowed to be
pressed up for safety, and having a strong pipe bolted on to the boiler
around this safety hole and plate to convey the steam with perfect
safety, preferably up in a straight direction from the line of force, or
at right angles to the surface of the plate, which would be preferably
placed nearly centrally over where the feed water pipes enter, and where

page_text: the vibration or disturbance is caused within the boiler by the taking
away of the steam as, say, near the dome; or two such round holes and
plates might be used, placed at equal distances opposito these parts
of the disturbance or motion of the water or steam in the boiler.
•
The new safety holes would preferably be made of an area pro-
portional to the fire grate of the boiler furnace (as safety valves have),
but much larger (sufficient to let off the steam without any
damage by reaction on or within the boiler in the opposite direction)
as, say, half the area of a square inch for every foot of grate surface,.
which would give a hole of about eight inches in diameter for a boiler
with one hundred feet of grate surface; but if this was not found
sufficient in practice two such holes and plates with pipes could be fitted
to such a boiler.
Although copper only has been mentioned for forming the closing in
plates made to a thickness by test proofs to give way at the safety.
pressure desired, considering this to be the best or most suitable for the
higher pressures coming so much into usc, it is to be understood that
mixtures of copper or other metals, which would make uniform homo-
geneous sheets of mictal, preferably softer than the iron or steel of which
the boiler is formed, would also be found to suit well possibly for the
lower pressures.
These new or improved safety holes and plates may either be
used instead of or in addition to the ordinary locked safety valves
for steam boilers.
A NEW OR IMPROVED METAL FOUNDERS' BLACKING, AND MODE OR MEANS OF PREPARING THE MATERIALS THEREFOR
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Pattison at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
September 1874.
I, FREDERICK PATTISON, of the City of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for " 'A NEW OR IMPROVED METAL FOUNDERS' BLACKING,
AND MODE OR MEANS OF PREPARING THE MATERIALS THEREFOR," to be as
follows:-
My said Invention has reference to a new or improved means of
cooling the common coke residues from gas-making retorts and gas-
works, or coke ovens, so as to utilize the same with the substances
employed for so cooling it in and for the making of new or improved
moulders or metal founders' blacking, which will be quite as good and
efficient, but cheaper than that heretofore made from coal coke.
The nature and novelty of this my said Invention consist in taking
the residue coal coke in a heap of, say, about two or three hundred-
weights in the hot state as it is discharged from the gas-making retorts
(or it might be other retorts or ovens) preferably over a flat stone, brick,

page_text: tile, or metal floor, and cooling it quickly with a mixture of cold water,
and from one to five per cent. of the common commercial sulphuric acid
(of about 100 to 120 degrees Twaddel) in a thick shower from a rose
pipe or other equivalent until the heap appears black, and all com-
bustion is stopped, over which a proportion of ground soapstone or of
common salt of from 1 to 15 per cent. by weight of the coke, or it might
be a small portion of powdered Irish or quicklime of not more than
1 per cent. by weight, is sifted and mixed therewith, when the whole is
ready, so soon as quite cold, for removal, and for being ground to a fine
dust or powder in any of the ordinary mills heretofore used for grinding
moulders or metal founders' blacking, or for grinding pigments and
flours, and for being sifted or "bolted" to a fine impalpable powder by
the screens or other bolting mechanism used for separating and forming
these powders and flours, all otherwise than as herein-before described
in a usual manner, and by the ordinary means or machinery employed
for the manufacture of metal founders' blacking generally.