AN IMPROVED ARTESIAN TUBE WELL AND LIFTING FORCE PUMP
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Watson, of Bromley Street, Commercial
Road, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, Walter Joseph Baker
and Samuel Thomas Baker, both of Southwark Bridge Road, in
the County of Surrey, Civil Engineers, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVED ARTESIAN TUBE WELL AND LIFTING FORCE PUMP."
Sealed the 1st December 1868, and dated the 8th June 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Watson, Walter
Joseph Baker, and Samuel Thomas Baker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 8th June 1868.
We, GEORGE WATSON, of Bromley Street, Commercial Road, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, WALTER JOSEPH BAKER and SAMUEL
THOMAS BAKER, both of Southwark Bridge Road, in the County of
Surrey, Civil Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVED ARTESIAN TUBE WELL AND LIFTING FORCE PUMP,"
to be as follows:-
The artesian tube well and lifting force pump of this Invention
consists of a series of tabes to be joined in the usual manner, or by
screwing one length into another, the bottom length having a stout
collar with set screws to prevent the penetrator falling out.
penetrator is made of iron or steel, is fluted on the outside either straight
This

page_text: or in the form of a rifle groove, and made so as to revolve easily in the
bottom tube. The tube has orifices to admit water, and a foot valve of
any description to prevent the water returning. When a sufficient
length is added another foot valve is placed, and above this the bucket
valve or plunger works in the pipe; this part thus forming the pump,
the delivery valve of either india-rubber or metal, or of both combined,
being placed above. The pump rod can be made of pipe to serve for
charging the pump with water, this rod working through the head and
delivery valves, which are made with a guard forming stuffing box for
passage of said piston rod or pipe.
In working a deep well there may be any number of pumps according
to requirement, that is to say, if found impossible to deliver water above
a certain height there could be a pump at every such height, and the
necessary valves between the pump buckets being all attached to one
and the same rod or pipe one stroke would lift the water in each
height or division and deliver it at the top, so that the water can be
pumped any height.
In sinking large wells the penetrator may be constructed to serve as
excavator by having apertures leading from the grooves to the inside
of the tube; or the penetrator may be connected with a smaller tube
or rod and worked inside a larger tube by worm wheel or otherwise.
The penetrator may also carry any number of drills for piercing rock
or hard substances, and the debris may be lifted within the outer
tube by chain and bucket or otherwise.
Pneumatic, hydraulic, steam, or other power may be used for sinking
the penetrator and tube into the ground or rock.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Watson, Walter Joseph Baker, and Samuel
Thomas Baker in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th December
1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
WATSON, of Bromley Street, Commercial Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, WALTER JOSEPH BAKEK, and SAMUEL THOMAS
BAKER, both of Southwark Bridge Road, in the County of Surrey,
Civil Engineers, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said George Watson, Walter Joseph
Baker, and Samuel Thomas Baker, Her special licence that we, the said
George Watson, Walter Joseph Baker, and Samuel Thomas Baker, our
executors,, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
George Watson, Walter Joseph Baker, and Samuel Thomas Baker, our
executors, administrators, an assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
ARTESIAN TOBE WELL AND LIFTING FORCE PUMP,"
L
upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said George Watson, Walter Joseph
Baker, and Samuel Thomas Baker, our executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Watson, Walter Joseph
Baker, and Samuel Thomas Baker, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention, and in whit manner the sim is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
mment-
.
The artesian tube well and lifting force pump of this Invention
consists of a series of tubes in combination with a peculiar instrument
which is herein-after called the penetrator. The tubes may be joined
in the usual manner or by screwing oue leugth into another, the bottom
length having a stout collar with set screws to prevent the penetrator
falling ont. The tubes are moreover provided with valves, as herein-
after described. The penetrator is made of iron or steel, is fluted or
grooved on the outside either straight or in the form of a rifle groove,
and made so as to revolve easily in the bottom tube, and by its motion
pass the debris up outside the tube. The bottom tube has orifices to

page_text: admit water and a foot valve of any description to prevent the water
returning. When a sufficient length is obtained by adding other tubes
another foot valve is placed, and above this the bucket valve or plunger
works in the tube or pipe; this part thus forming the pump head or
delivery valve, which is made either of india-rubber, or of metal, or
of both combined is placed above. The pump rod can be made of
tube or pipe to serve for charging the pump with water, this rod work-
ing through the head and delivery valves, which are made with a
guard forming a stuffing box for the passage of the said piston rod or
pipe.
In working a deep well there may be any number of pumps according
to requirement, that is to say, if it be found impossible to deliver
water above a certain height there could be a pump at every such
height, and the necessary valves between the pump buckets being all
attached to one and the same rod or pipe one stroke would lift the
water in each height or division and deliver it at the top, so that the
water can be pumped to any height.
In sinking large wells the penetrator may be constructed to serve
as an excavator by having apertures leading from the grooves to the
inside of the tube, or the penetrator may be connected with a smaller
tube or rod and worked inside a larger tube by worm wheel or otherwise.
The penetrator may be made to carry any number of drills for piercing
rocks or hard substances, and the debris may be lifted within the outer
tube by chain and bucket or otherwise.
Pneumatic, hydraulic, steam, or other power may be used for sinking
the penetrator and tube into the ground or rock.
In order that the nature of this Invention, and the manner in which
the same, is to be performed, may be clearly described and ascertained
this Specification is accompanied by a Sheet of Drawings, having figures
and letters of reference marked thereupon, the like letter being used to
denote a similar or corresponding part in each Figure.
In these Drawings Figure 1 is a section of the bottom tube
carrying the penetrator, and shows the collar a with set screws which
retain the penetrator in its place and allow it to revolve. This bottom
tube is provided with orifices, as shown, for the admission of water, and
also with a plug (by preference of wood); this plug, which is marked c,
prevents the dirt entering at the orifices from falling down and thereby

page_text: obstructing the revolutions of the penetrator. This bottom tube is shown
provided with a foot valve d.
Figure 2 is an outside view of the penetrator e.
herein-before described are marked f.
The fluted grooves
Figure 3 represents a sectional view of the coupling for uniting
the length of tube. Figure 4 is a section of upper or top tube showing
the pump arrangement. Figure 5 is a top view or plan of the same.
It will be seen that the pump is made with a fly wheel g so as not
only to obtain the momentum of the wheel but also a much longer
stroke than could otherwise be attained. It is proposed to work this
pumping arrangement either by a crank handle attached directly on
to the wheel spindle or by pinion and wheel, lever handles, or other
suitable arrangement. The pump rod at its upper end is solid, the
lower part is a pipe or tube, and the connection between the two parts
is made by means of a screw joint. The lower or hollow part of
pump rod has holes at i, so that when it is necessary water can be
poured down to hollow part of pump rod, when such water will pass.
through these holes on to the top of pump bucket and re-charge the
pump. The head valve (k, Figure 4) is show separately in
Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, to an enlarged scale. Figure 6 is a section of this
valve showing the valve seating 1, stuffing box gland m, guard n for
the pump rod, and the india-rubber valve o.
Figure 7 is a side view of guard n; Figure 8 is a top view of the
same; and Figure 9 is a top view of the valve seating 1. The bucket
valves and foot valves 2 are, as shown, of a similar construction
to the head valve just described, but the stuffing box not being
necessary is omitted in these valves k¹ and k².
Figure 10 is a driving nut of brass, copper, tia, or other suitable
metal which is screwed on the upper end (Figure 11) of the tube or
pipe which is being driven. The nut is therefore screwed so as to fit
any length of pipe, and is also provided with two handles, as shown,
to facilitate its being placed or removed. The object of this nut is to
receive the blows in driving and thus protect the ends of the pipe.
Figure 12 is a sectional view of tube with the penetrator e, which is
also in section, and with central punch or drill p for splitting or breaking
any flint, rock, or other hard substances that would otherwise oppose

page_text: the passage of penetrator. This drill can be withdrawn after such
obstruction is removed, the rod carrying the drill being fitted in lengths
with screwed joints.
Figure 13 is a section of open tube with smaller internal tube, the
latter carrying a revolving penetrator or excavator. This penetrator
has two, four, or any convenient number of drills q attached by joints
to a central rod. The fluted grooves in this penetrator lead into the
annular space formed between the two tubes, the object of the annular
space thus formed being to allow the debris to pass up therethrough
between the two tubes. To facilitate the removal of the debris the
inner tube carries round it a screw, as shown, which will force the debris
upwards and through valves ", which from their construction, as shown,
will prevent its return. Instead of this arrangement, the debris may
be raised by chain and bucket, as herein-before alluded to, or by any
other means convenient for the purpose.
Figure 14 is a section of open tube with internal tube and penetrator.
The spiral fluted grooves lead into the internal tube and deliver into
it the debris. A central spindle or rod carries a worm or screw for
the purpose of forcing the debris upwards. The penetrator has attached
to it by working joints s any convenient number of chisels t, which in
their action cut or make a way for the enlarged diameter of outer tube
or small pumps may be screwed on for short depths.
Figures 15, 16, 17, represent a hollow boring tube and penetrator.
Figure 15 is the section, Figure 16 top view, and Figure 17 outside
view of the same. In this tube and penetrator the spiral flated grooves
after leading upwards to a certain distance are enlarged in the manner
shown so as to lead into the internal tube. Pumps may also be attached
when requisite.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed,
what is claimed is, the construction and use of artesian tube wells and
lifting force pumps, the former with fluted or grooved penetrator with
or without punches or drills or jointed chisels and the latter with the
peculiar arrangement of the parts of the valves and the arrangement for
working the pumps, all as herein (in this Specification) described and
in the accompanying Drawings illustrated; the driving nut also is

page_text: claimed, and the particular arrangements as illustrated in Figures 11,
12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and as used for the purpose in this Specification
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Watson, on behalf of myself
and of the said Walter Joseph Baker and Samuel Thomas Baker,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of
December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-eight.
GEORGE WATSON. (L.S.)