IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS FOR HEATING LIQUIDS, GENERATING STEAM, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1870

page_text: :
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Brotherhood at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th November 1870.
.
I, PETER BROTHERHOOD, of 56, Compton Street, Clerkenwell, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS FOR HEATING LIQUIDS, GENERATING
STEAM, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My improvements have for their object the construction of boilers of
numerous elements or component parts, which may be multiplied in.
order to obtain greater beating power, and any one of which may be
detached for purposes of cleansing or repair without interfering with the
action of the others, and the construction of each of those elements so as
to present large heating surface in a suitable form, and to secure cir-
culation of the heated fluid. One of these elements consists of a vertical
pipe with several horizontal branches projecting from it. These branches
are made by preference tapering, being smallest at their outer ends, which
are closed. The vertical pipe is divided by a vertical diaphragm, from
which circulating tubes project, one into each of the horizontal branches,
these tubes being open at the ends and not reaching to the closed ends of

page_text: the horizontal branches. The vertical pipe is connected at its lower end
to a water pipe or space, and at its upper end to a steam pipe or space,
or when the boiler is merely used for heating liquid and not for gene-
rating steam, the lower and upper ends of the vertical pipe are connected
respectively to the colder and hotter of the circulating pipes. The
horizontal branches are exposed to the flame of the furnace.
The action of the element is as follows:-The vertical pipe and its
branches being charged with fluid, the heat acting on the branches
causes a circulation, the colder or heavier fluid occupying the one part
of the divided vertical pipe and passing thence by the circulating tubes
to the ends of the horizontal branches, while the hotter or lighter fluid
returns along these branches to the other part of the divided vertical
pipe and ascends therein. A number of these elements being placed
side by side, or face to face, or arranged in a circle, or other convenient
form, and connected respectively to a water pipe or space below, and to a
steam pipe or space above, with a furnace so situated as to act by its
flame or heated products on the horizontal branches, constitutes a boiler,
which may be enclosed in a brickwork, metal, or other convenient casing.
The elements are jointed to the water and steam pipes or spaces in such
a manner that any one can be readily detached, the connections being
temporarily plugged, or any one so detached can be replaced by a spare
element. The horizontal branches are made accessible for cleansing,
either by removing caps from their outer ends or by preference through
capped holes in the vertical pipe, one opposite to each branch. The
vertical pipe instead of being divided by a diaphragm may be divided
by a vertical circulating pipe placed within it, the horizontal circulating
tubes in that case branching from the vertical circilating pipe. The
elements instead of being placed with their branches horizontal may
be inclined at any convenient angle.