Improvements in Machinery for Folding and Wrapping Newspapers and other Publications, and in Sheet-feeding Mechanism therefor.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 7th Dec., 1895
[Communicated from abroad by ROBERT HOE, Printing Press Manufacturer,
of 504 Grand Street, New York, in the State of New York, United States
of America.]
Improvements in Machinery for Folding and Wrapping Newspapers
and other Publications, and in Sheet-feeding Mechanism therefor.
I HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents, Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to, be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of the present invention is to provide an improved folding machine,
and especially to provide an improved machine for folding and wrapping news-
papers and other publications, and, further, to provide an improved sheet-feeding
mechanism for securing the delivery of a single sheet to such machines, or for
other purposes.
The first object above stated is attained by the use of feeding devices and carriers
mounted between them, the carriers being arranged to receive the sheet and guide
it into proper position to be folded, and, when the article has been partially fed
past the folding plate of the carrier, to move, so as to carry the folding plate from
the feeding device from which the article has been received, to the next feeding
device, over the surface of an abutment or wiper, and thus to double or fold the
sheet and transfer the fold line of the sheet to the next feeding device. The
number of feeding devices and carriers may be varied in accordance with
the number of operations upon the sheet desired, the last carrier in a wrapping
machine being arranged to double or fold over the wrapper just at the edge of the
folded sheet, so that the pasted end of the wrapper is pressed down and secured by
the last feeding device to which this carrier transfers it.
It is evident that the construction of machines operating on this principle may be
varied widely, that the feeding devices, carriers, and abutment may be of different
forms, and their arrangement and movement may be varied within wide limits. .It
is preferable, however, to use an abutment moving in the direction of movement of
the carriers in folding the paper, and a simple and efficient machine is produced by
arranging a series of feeding devices, preferably feeding rolls, about the surface of
a rotating cylinder, which co-acts with the rolls to advance the paper, and at the
same time forms the abutment against which the sheet is folded, as the carriers
are moved over and with the cylinder. The carriers combined with this cylinder
and feeding devices consist preferably of two parallel plates or sets of fingers
mounted respectively between the successive rolls, and these carriers are preferably
mounted to swing in opposite directions over the cylinders, to fold the sheet and
return to normal position, although the carriers may rotate and be returned to
position on a full rotation.
It is desirable that the folding plate of the carrier should lie close to the surface
of the cylinder in receiving and delivering the sheet, and that it should also follow
the surface of the cylinder at the proper distance in moving over it to fold the
sheet. It is necessary, therefore, that provision be made for permitting the carrier
or the surface to yield, as the carrier passes over the latter, and this is preferably
accomplished by moving the carrier from and toward the surface of the cylinder,
during the movement of folding or transferring the sheet. It is desirable also that

page_text: the carrier should have, in addition to the movement along the surface of the
cylinder, a movement toward the feeding roll to which the sheet is transferred, so
as to carry the fold line of the doubled sheet positively into position to be gripped
by the cylinder, and said feeding roll, and, on its return, should be moved toward
the feeding roll from which the sheet is received, so as to assure the proper
reception of the sheet by the positioning of the carrier close to the roll.
These results are secured preferably by mounting the carriers pivotally in
swinging arms, so that the carriers have a movement on their own axis by which
the folding plates are swung over the cylinder, and are carried by the arms to and
from the surface of the cylinder, so as to be carried outward from the cylinder
sufficiently to permit the sheet to be folded between the carrier and cylinder, and
are then carried inward and forward again, so as to deliver the fold line of the
sheet positively into the grip of the cylinder and roll, to which it is transferred.
The rolls may be mounted rigidly, if the machine is to be used with sheets of the
same thickness, the positions of the different rolls relatively to the cylinder being
adjusted in accordance with the number of plies of the sheet, as it is advanced by
each roll, but spring-pressed rolls are preferably used, thus enabling the machine
to be used with sheets of different thickness.
In order to secure certainty in the reception and delivery of the sheet by the
carrier, the feeding rolls and cylinder are preferably formed of discs, or provided
with circumferential grooves, and the carrier formed to enter between the discs, or
into the grooves of the rolls in receiving and delivering a sheet, and the guiding
portion of the carrier is preferably made to enter the cylinder in receiving a sheet,
so that the sheet fed into the carrier, and without risk of abutting against the
edges of the carrier, and the fold line is carried further within the grip of the
cylinder and the next feeding roll, than would otherwise be possible.
Instead of moving the carrier toward and from the cylinder or other abutment,
and swinging the carrier to and fro over the surface of the abutment, the latter
may have an elastic surface, so as to preserve the proper distance from, and relation
to, the carrier, while permitting the axis of the latter to be mounted in a fixed
position relatively to the abutment, thus enabling a convenient arrangement of
rotating carriers to be used.
The elastic surface of the abutment may be formed in any suitable manner, but
it will probably be found preferable to form the elastic surface of the cylinder
before described, by one or more elastic tubes filled with air or other elastic fluid, a
simple construction of cylinder being thus provided, and to use carriers which are
conetantly under tension tending to rotate them, and held stationary against this
tension while receiving and delivering the sheets. This latter result may best be
secured by employing friction clutches of any suitable form for driving the carriers,
and holding the carriers stationary, when desired, by stops which release the
carriers, and permit them to be rotated by the clutches at the proper times. Any
other suitable device for securing the proper movement of the carriers may be used.
The elastic surface of the cylinder, moreover, instead of being formed of elastic
tubes, may be of any other suitable construction. Spring-pressed segments yielding
to the carriers may be used, it being necessary only that a part, or the whole, of
the surface of the cylinder should be of sufficient elasticity to yield against the
pressure of the carriers, and return to position as the pressure of the carriers is
removed.
The folding and wrapping mechanisms above described may be fed by hand, or
any suitable feeding devices for automatically advancing papers and wrappers to
the wrapping mechanism in proper time, together or independently of each other,
may be combined therewith, but the papers will preferably be fed by the improved
sheet-feeding mechanism hereafter described. The wrapper may previously be
cut to the desired size, and fed to the folding and wrapping mechanism, as sheets,
or fed from the web, and severed in the machine. This folding and wrapping
mechanism may be combined with a printing-press, so that the papers may be
printed, folded, and wrapped by a single machine, suitable wrapper-feeding and

page_text: pasting devices being added, the wrapping mechanism herein shown being of
sufficient capacity to be applicable to rapid web printing presses.
The invention includes also an improved feeding mechanism specially adapted
for feeding sheets to the folding and wrapping mechanism above described, but
which may be used also for feeding sheets to other machines, or for other purposes.
In feeding the bottom sheets from a pile, it is found difficult to secure the
feeding of the sheets singly, as the bottom sheet tends to carry with it one or more
of the sheets above it, on account of the adhesion between the sheets, this difficulty
being increased when sheets are fed out from the pile by rolls, or equivalent feeding
devices engaging the bottom of the sheet, as the rolls engage the second sheet,
before the first sheet has been entirely removed from the pile, tending to carry the
second sheet forward with the bottom sheet, besides causing much objectionable
wear on the bottom of the second sheet.
This difficulty in feeding sheets from a pile by frictional engagement of the
bottom sheet avoided by the present invention, by separating the sheets and the
rolls, which term will be used herein to include equivalent feeding devices, such as
endless belts, or rotating or travelling fingers, so as to avoid feeding action on the
second sheet, while securing the feeding of the bottom sheet by the rolls, this
result being attained preferably by moving the sheets away from the rolls, for
which purpose there is used a movable support for the sheets, by which the second
sheet is raised from contact with the rolls as the bottom sheet is fed forward, thus
not only preventing any feeding engagement of the rolls upon the second sheet, but
at the same time loosening up the sheets by their alternate raising and lowering,
which action aids in preventing the feeding forward of the second sheet by adhesion
with the bottom sheet.
As a further protection against the feeding out of more than one sheet at a time,
there is preferably used, also, an improved means for stopping a second sheet which
may be fed forward with the bottom sheet, which, in itself, forms a part of the
invention.
This improved stopping means employs one or more stops, which may be
arranged to extend in series across the whole, or any part, of the width of the
sheet, but which it is found in practice need usually be employed only at the centre
of the sheet, these stops being alternately raised and lowered, so as to allow the
bottom sheet to pass freely, but to be brought down into position to stop the second
sheet, these stops preferably consisting of sharp pins arranged so that, when
lowered, they will be forced into the leading end of the second sheet, if a second
sheet has been fed out, and stop also any third or upper sheet, if such be started.
the sheets being released again as the pins are raised. The stops may, however,
be arranged to be lowered in front of the second sheet, and, in such case, may be
blunt pins, or of any other suitable form. The use of the pins sharp enough to
impale the sheet will be found much preferable, however, even when arranged
normally to descend in advance of the second sheet, as the pins will thus impale
and stop the second sheet without retarding the bottom sheet, in case the second
sheet should be fed out farther than usual; and a construction employing such pins
forms a part of the invention. The stops are preferably used in combination with
a fixed guard of suitable form. placed at the front of the pile, for positively
preventing the feeding out of a third sheet, but this may be omitted, and fairly
good results secured.
In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this Specification, there is
shown a complete folding and wrapping machine, and sheet feeding mechanism of
the general construction above described, which will be found efficient and
convenient, and certain modifications thereof, and a detailed description of all these
will be given, and the features forming the invention specifically pointed out in
the claims.
In the drawings
Figs. 1 to 8 show the preferred form of folding and wrapping machine separate
from the sheet-feeding mechanism.

page_text: in order to accommodate sheets of different thicknesses; and, moreover, this con-
struction is preferable, even with sheets of the same thickness. Any suitable.
construction may be used for this purpose, but there is shown a common arrange-
ment in which the shafts 10 of the rolls E are mounted in bearings 11, having
tems 12, supported in hollow studs 13 on the frame, the bearings being spring-
pressed, to force the rolls toward the cylinder by coiled springs 14 within said
stude.
Between the rolls E are mounted carriers abc, a carrier between each two
fi eding rolls, except that space is left between two of the rolls previous to the last
fold, for applying paste to the wrapper. If the pasting mechanism be omitted, or
other pasting devices employed, it will be understood that one of the rolls E 'may
be omitted. These carriers consist, in the form shewn, of plates 15, 16, preferably
of thin sheet metal, mounted parallel with each other, and supported by rods,
these rods 17 being pivotally mounted in swinging arms 18, so as to rock in said
arms, while being carried by the arms to and from the cylinder.
For actuating these carriers, the following means are preferably employed:
As shewn, in these figures, the rod 17, at one end of the carrier, has an arm 19
pivotally connected to a crank arm 20, carried by a rock shaft 21, mounted in the
frame of the machine. This rock shaft 21 carries also a second crank arm,
consisting of a segmental gear 22, which meshes with a segmental gear 23, carried
by a sleeve 24, mounted on a stud in the frame. This sleeve 24 carries a crank
arm 25, having a bowl. The construction of these parts is the same for each
of the carriers a bc, and the bowls on their respective operating crank arms 25
run in cam grooves de f, formed in two cam dises F, G, carried by the shaft C
at opposite sides of the machine, the two cam grooves ef being shewn as formed
in the cam disc G, so that carrier a is operated from 'one side of the machine,
and carriers b'e from the other side, but it will be understood that this
arrangement is only for convenience.
3.
These cams may be mounted in fixed positions relatively to the shaft C; if it be
desired to operate on but one length of sheet, and to make the folds always on the
same line, but it is preferable to make the cams adjustable on the shafts, as it will
be seen that, by simply shifting the position of any cam, the line of the sheet upon
which the fold will be formed may be varied, so that a single machine may be
used for folding sheets of widely different lengths, and for folding sheets on different
lines, so as to produce a variety of products. In the construction shown, the
cams F G are carried by sleeves loose on shaft C, and are secured in their adjusted
positions thereon by means of set screws 26.
The carrier a is shewn as extended above the rods 17 by which it is carried, so
as to support the leading edge of the sheet while it is fed into the carrier, and such
support is desirable when the sheet consists of only one or two plies, but with sheets
of considerable thickness and rigidity, this may be found unnecessary, and this
carrier may be formed in the same way as carriers bc in the construction shown,
terminating at or just above the rods 17. If the carriers are formed of continuous.
plates 15, 16, as shown in the construction now being described, they are both cut
away at their inner edges, so as to enter the grooves in rolls E, in receiving and
delivering the sheet, and the plate 16 is preferably cut away so as to form fingers 1
entering the cylinder D in receiving a sheet, thus securing greater certainty of
operation, and rendering a high speed possible.
The plate 15, which forms the folding plate by which the sheet is folded against
the surface of the cylinder, should be of considerable extent, so as to secure proper
folding by engaging the fold line through a considerable portion of the width of
the sheet, and this plate of course should not project within the surface of
cylinder D. The plate 16, however, which forms the guide for the sheet, may be
formed of a series of narrow fingers, but little strength being required, and, as
stated above, they preferably project slightly inside the surface of the cylinder in
receiving the sheet. It may be found preferable to make guide 16 of such a series
+

page_text: of fingers, as this leaves no edge outside the cylinder to be engaged by the sheet as
it is fed forward into the carrier.
The construction thus far described may be used as a folding machine, or papers
and wrappers may be fed thereto by hand, and the machine used as a hand-fed
folding and wrapping machine, the paste being applied by hand, or by any suitable
devices. The machine shown, however, is adapted for use as a high-speed
automatic folding and wrapping machine, the sheets or papers being represented as
taken from a pair of feed belts, which may be the delivery of a printing press, or to
which the sheets or papers may be fed, as sheets from a pile. It will be understood,
however, that the invention does not depend upon any special, form of paper or
wrapper feeding devices, but that these may be varied as desired.
84
Any suitable form of pasting devices may be used, and the paste applied at any
desired point, and either to the loose flap of the wrapper, or to the layer of wrapper
upon the paper. It is desirable, however, that the paste should be applied as late
possible, and there are shewn devices for applying the paste to the wrapper just
prior to the operation of the last carrier by which the flap of the wrapper is turned
over for pasting. In the construction shown, the sheets or papers are fed in by the
belts 9 extended around belt pulleys 27, placed adjacent to the first feeding roll E,
the sheet being fed in by said belts over guides 28.
To secure the proper timing of the feed of the sheet relatively to the operation
of the carrier a, any suitable means may be provided, but there are shewn stops 2,
carried by a rock shaft 3, mounted below said belts, and actuated by a crank
arm 29, carrying a bowl which runs upou cam plates h, carried by the cylinder D.
at one end, so as to throw the stops outward into the path of the paper as it is
advanced by the belts g, and hold it until the proper time, when one of the cams
passes the bowl on arm 29, and releases the rock shaft, which is then rocked by
spring 30 on the shaft, to carry the stops below the belts, and release the sheet.
It will be understood that the cams h are so timed relatively to the cam d by
which the carrier a is operated, that the sheet is released by the stops 2 just at the
proper time to reach the carrier a when it is in the position shewn in Figs. 6 and 8.
These cams are preferably made adjustable by means of slots and set nuts 4, so
as to secure the accurate timing of the sheet, and by this adjustment also the
machine may be capacitated to act on sheets of different lengths, and to fold on
different lines without adjustment of the cams d, e, f, as it is apparent that the fold
line of the sheet will depend upon the distance to which it is fed within the
carrier a, and this depends upon the time at which the stops are lowered to release
the sheet by the cam h.
The wrapper y is fed from a wrapper roll by a pair of feed rolls 30, and received
from said rolls by a pair of perforating rolls 31, by which the web is perforated on
the line at which the wrapper is to be severed, the perforated wrapper then being
advanced between guides 32 by feed belts i, carried by pulleys 33, 34,-the
pulleys 34 being placed closely adjacent to the cylinder D. The leading end of the
wrapper web is thus advanced between the cylinder D and a roll 35, preferably
spring-pressed, and shewn as mounted for this purpose in the same manner as the
rolls E, previously described. This roll 35 rotates, and the cylinder advances the
wrapper at a speed accelerated over that of the tapes i, and a wrapper is thus
snapped off on the line of perforations, and advanced forward about the cylinder to
the first roll E, and carrier a, where it is associated with the paper.
The pasting devices are placed at the opposite side of the cylinder D from the
point at which the wrapper and paper are led in, and just behind the last carrier.
As shewn, two of the rolls E are separated a sufficient distance to accommodate
the pasting devices, and the paper, which, at this time, has been folded down to
the size of the final product, is advanced between the rolls E by tapes k extending
between said rolls, and co-acting with the cylinder D. The paste is applied by
means of a rotating paster I, constructed to apply paste at the desired point, and
carried by arms 36 on a shaft 37 mounted in the frame of the machine, the paster

page_text: being shewn as cut away, so as to accommodate the tapes k. The paste is supplied
to the paster I by a fountain roll 38, rotating in the usual fountain 39.
The operating parts of the machine are all actuated 'from the main shaft C, as
follows:-
The shaft C carries, outside the frame a, a gear 40, of the same size as the
cylinder, which meshes directly with gears 41 on the shafts 10 of the rolls E, and
on the shaft of the wrapper feeding and breaking roll: 35, so that these rolls are
driven by a direct gear connection with the shaft C, and at the same surface speed
as the cylinder D. The teeth of the gears 40, 41, are made of sufficient length so
as to intermesh and drive the rolls E, although they may yield against the tension
of the springs 14, to accommodate the folded paper. The tapes 9 are driven
from the tape rolls or pulleys 27, which are driven from the gear 40 by an
intermediate 42 meshing with one of the gears 43, by which the shafts of said rolls
are geared together.
The wrapper feeding mechanism is driven from the gear 40 at a lower rate of
speed than the cylinder and rolls, by a large intermediate 44, meshing with the
gear 40, and small gear 45 on the same shaft, and intermediates 46 connecting this
small gear with gears 47, by which the perforating rolls 31 are geared together.
The feeding rolls 30 are geared together by gears 48, and driven from one of the
gears 47 by an intermediate 49, and the rolls 33 are likewise geared together by
gears 50, and driven from the same gear 47 by an intermediate 51. The shaft 37,
carrying paster I, is driven directly from the gear 40 by a gear 52 on said shaft,
and this gear 52 meshes with a gear 53 on the shaft of the fountain roll 38. While
this system of gearing forms a very simple and efficient construction, it will be
understood, however, that any other suitable means for driving the parts of the
machine may be used.
The operation of the construction will be understood from the following brief
description in connection with the drawings, referring especially to Figures 2, 3,
and 6 to 8.
In the position shewn in Figures 2, 3, and 6, a sheet has been advance] by the
tapes g, the stops 2 having been lowered by the spring 30*, on the release of the
arin 29, by the cam h on the cylinder D, and the sheet has been fed into
the carrier a, which is just about to be actuated by the cam d, to double the sheet
against the surface of the cylinder D, and transfer the fold line of the doubled sheet
to the next roll E, the machine being illustrated as operating to fold a sheet twice
on the middle line, that is, to form four plies of the original sheet, and apply a
wrapper thereto.
The wrapper y has been broken from the perforated wrapper
web by the cylinder and roll 35, and advanced thereby to the roll E, and within
the carrier a, on the underside of the sheet, sufficiently to ensure the wrapper
being folded with and outside the paper.
The cam d now acts upon the bowl on arm 25, so as to rock the segmental
gear 23, and, through the segmental gear 22, the shaft 21, so as to carry the crank
arm 20 on the axis of the carrier a forward in the direction of movement of the
cylinder D, thus swinging the carrier a on its axis, and in the same direction. At
the same time, the straightening out of the joint formed by the arms 20, 19, carries
the arms 18 on which the carrier a is mounted, away from the cylinder D, so as to
withdraw the fingers 1 of the carrier, out of the grooves in the cylinder D, and
raise the carrier from the cylinder sufficiently to enable the sheet to be doubled
between the fingers and cylinder, while at the same time positively holding
plate 16 of the carrier so close to the surface of the cylinder, as to ensure the
accurate doubling or folding of the sheet.
As the carrier is swung past the centre of its path of oscillation, and over the
highest point of the cylinder curve between the two rolls E, the continued
movement of the arms 20, 19 past the dead centre, tends to shorten the length of
the connection between the arms 18 and the fixed shaft 21, and thus the carrier is
drawn downward again toward the surface of the cylinder, and at the same time by
the compound movement of swinging on its axis and moving bodily toward the

page_text: cylinder, is carried forward positively, and close to the surface of the cylinder, so
as to advance the fold line of the doubled sheet positively into the grip of the
cylinder D and next roll 'E, the plate 15 entering the grooves in the roll, so as to
carry the sheet as far as possible between them.
The second carrier b is now in position to receive the sheet thus folded with the
wrapper from the cylinder and roll E to which the carrier a has delivered it, and
the once-folded sheet is now fed into the carrier b, with the wrapper overlapping
the leading end, and projecting behind the rear end. At the same time, the
rotation of the cylinder D has carried one of the cams h into position to engage
the bowl on the arm 29, and has thus raised the stops 2 into position to engage the
head of the next sheet, so as to hold it until the proper moment to secure the
desired feed of the sheet into the carrier a. This position of the parts is shewn in
Figure 7. The carrier à is now returned to position, by the action of the cam d
upon the bowl on arm 26, reversing the movement of the carrier previously
described; the stops 2 are lowered by the passage of the cam beyond the bowl
on arm 29, and another sheet and wrapper are fed forward to the carrier a, for
repeating the operation just described.
The carrier b, which has received the sheet and wrapper from the roll E, to
which it was delivered by the carrier a, is now operated on by the cam in exactly
the same manner as described in connection with the carrier a, and the sheet.
doubled against the surface of cylinder D, and the fold line of the sheet, doubled
or folded twice on the middle line, is transferred into the grip of cylinder D
and the next roll E.
-
In Figure 8 the parts are shewn with the cylinder D and the roll E just receiving
the twice-folded sheet from the carrier b. The wrapper, now extends entirely about
the sheet, with its leading end held between two layers of the same, and its rear
end projecting behind the sheet sufficiently to form the pasting flap by which the
wrapper is secured. The sheet in this form is now advanced by the tapes k and
cylinder D, and as it advances, the paster 36 lays a line of paste upon the pasting
flap between the tapes k, just in the rear of the next roll E, and the sheet with the.
flap thus pasted passes into the grip of the cylinder D and roll E, and is advanced
thereby to the third carrier c, as shewn in connection with the second sheet in
Figure 6.
The cam by which the carrier c is actuated, is timed so as to permit the sheet to
be fed entirely within the carrier c, so that as the carrier is operated by the cam,
as previously described in connection with the carrier a, the sheet is not doubled
against the cylinder d, but only the flap of the wrapper y, the folding plate 15 of
the carrier c engaging the wrapper just behind the sheet. As this carrier. is
operated, therefore, the folded sheet is turned so as to lap the pasted wrapper flap
down upon the previous layer of wrapper upon the paper, and the sheet with the
flap of the wrapper lapped over upon it, is transferred between the cylinder D and
the last roll E, so as to be advanced thereby, and the flap of the wrapper pressed
down and secured, the twice-folded and wrapped paper thus being delivered from
between the cylinder D and the last roll E, as shewn in connection with the second
paper in Figure 7, the carrier c then being returned by the cam f into position to
receive another sheet and wrapper, as shewn in Figure 8.
While the machine has been illustrated and described as folding a sheet midway
of its length, it will be apparent from an inspection of the drawings, that the sheet
may readily be folded upon any other line, it being necessary only to time the
carrier and sheet-feeding devices, so that the carrier is actuated at the proper time
to fold the sheet on the desired line.
In folding and wrapper comparatively thick newspapers and pamphlets, it is
frequently desirable to fold at one third of the length, so as to forni a product
consisting of three plies of the original sheet. It is difficult to form the fold in
such case with the common folding blade and roll constructions of folding
mechanism, or with others acting in the same way, as there is nothing to hold
the free edge of the first fold as the second fold is made, but it will be seen that

page_text: the present invention provides a construction excellently adapted for this method
of folding, as the two plies of the sheet formed by the first fold are positively held
within the carrier. In fact, this method of folding may be found preferable with
the machine shewn, as it is necessary then to double or fold only a single ply of the
original sheet at each folding operation.
It will be seen, also, that the machine is very simple, and it will be found
sufficient, durable, and of very high capacity, so that the machine is of great
utility not only as a folding and wrapping, or wrapping machine, but also as a
folding machine only, this utility being increased largely by the ease with which
the machine may be adjusted, so as to fold sheets of different lengths, or to fold
sheets upon different lines. It will be seen also that this machine may readily be
arranged so as to fold and wrap, or to fold to different sizes as desired. For
instance, in the construction shown, the machine may readily be used as a folding
machine, folding three times, solely by throwing out the paster, and timing the
carrier c so as to form a third fold, or the carrier c may be thrown out of operation,
and the twice-folded sheet delivered finally by the tapes k, or the carrier b thrown
out of operation, and the once-folded sheet delivered by any suitable means.
It is obvious that many other arrangements of devices for securing the proper
movement of the carriers may readily be devised, and while the construction
previously described shews the preferred construction, efficient machines mad be
made with other arrangements. Thus, in Figures 9 to 12, there is shown a modified
construction in which the carriers are actuated to transfer the paper, and returned
to position for receiving the next paper, by two sets of actuating devices moving
continuously in opposite directions. In this machine, the general construction and
arrangement is substantially the same as that previously described, and the same
letters of reference will be applied to corresponding parts in the two constructions,
the machine being described only so far as is necessary to explain the differences of
construction.
In this construction, each one of the shafts 17 by which the carriers a, b, c, are
mounted in the swinging arms 18, is provided with an actuating crank arm for
swinging the carriers to transfer the sheet, these crank arms being lettered
respectively a, b, c, with corresponding crank arms for returning the carriers to
position, lettered respectively a², 62, c², and corresponding stop arms lettered
respectively a, b, c, these arms consisting, in the form shewn, of narrow plates of
metal, forked at their outer ends, so as to properly engage pins by which they are
actuated or stopped in proper position. The actuating arms a, b, c, are engaged
at the proper time to actuate the carriers to transfer the sheet by pins a, b, c,
corresponding to the respective carriers actuated thereby. The arins a, b, c, are
engaged at the proper time to return the carriers to position for receiving the
sheet, by pins a c³, , corresponding to the respective carriers actuated thereby, the
pins a actuating both the carriers a and c, and the pin 6, actuating only
the carrier b; and for each carrier are provided two stops corresponding to the two
positions of the carrier, and engaging the stop arms a, b, c, in their two. positions,
so as to hold the carriers accurately in position while the sheet is being fed in
and out of the same, and ensuring the proper position of the carriers for the action
of the actuating and return arms and pins, these pairs of stop pins being lettered
respectively a, b, c, corresponding to the different carriers with which they coact.
Each of the shafts 17 of the carriers a, b, c, is provided with a spring 53* coiled
thereon, and secured to the frame and shaft, so that the rotation of the shaft 17, in
folding and transferring the sheet, puts the spring under tension.
It will be seen that there are two sets of both the actuating and return pins
placed at exactly opposite sides of the machine. These two sets are used only
because the machine is adapted to fold and wrap two papers at each revolution of
the cylinder D. If but one paper were to be wrapped at each rotation, of course
one set of each of these pius could be omitted, and it is apparent that the con-
struction might readily be modified, so as to handle more papers at each rotation
of the cylinder.

page_text: It is necessary to move the actuating and return pins above described in
opposite directions, and time them properly, so as to secure the proper movement
of the carriers. The means by which this result is attained are as follows:
A disc H is secured on the shaft C, so as to move with the cylinder D, and from
the inner side of this disc, the projecting pins a, b, c, project, these pins being of
different lengths, and cach, except the shorter one, being bent, as shown, or
otherwise constructed, so as to engage none of the actuating arms except the one
it is adapted to operate, these actuating arms a' b c being offset, or arranged at
different distances from the disc H, to secure this result. The stop arms a³ ³ ed
are at the same ends of the shafts 17 as the actuating arms a', b, c, and outside
the latter, and the disc H, and the stops a, b, c, project inwardly from the
frame B, or, as shewn, from fixed brackets 54, carried by the frame B. A disc K
is mounted loosely on shaft C, just inside the frame A, at the opposite side of
the machine from the disc H, and the return pins a c³, 6 project inwardly from the
disc, the pins & being bent, as shewn, or otherwise constructed to pass the
arms a²c without engaging them.
The cylinder D, and discs H, K, are actuated so as to secure the movement of
the disc K on the opposite direction from the cylinder D and disc H, by the
following means:-
In this
A stud 55, mounted in the frame A, carries two gears 56, 57, respectively
outside and inside the frame A, the gear 56 engaging gear 40 on shaft C, thus
driving the stud 55. The disc K is provided with a gear 58 of the same size as
gear 40, and this gear, and the disć K, are driven from gear 57 on stud 55, through
an intermediate 59, so that the movement of the disc K is reversed from the
shaft C, but the speed of the discs H, K, and cylinder D, is the same.
construction, the rolls E may be driven directly from the gear 40, as in the
construction previously described, but in connection with the gear 58, it
is possible, without complicated construction, to provide for a greater movement
of the rolls E from the surface of the cylinder D, without interfering with
the driving of the rolls E, by driving these rolls from gear 58, through inter-
mediates 60, and gears 61, on the shafts of the rolls, the intermediates and shafts
being so mounted that as the spring-pressed rolls E move away from the
cylinder D, the movement is in such a line as to retain the gears 60, 61 in mesh.
The operation of the construction will be understood from a brief description in
connection with the description of the operation previously given in connection.
with Figures 1 to 8.
The position shown is the same as that shewn in Figures 2, 3, and 6, in which a
paper and wrapper have been fed into carrier a, and this carrier is just about to
be actuated to double the sheet against the surface of cylinder D, and transfer the
fold line of the doubled paper to the next roll E, the carriers b, c also being in
position to receive a paper. In this position, each one of the stop arms a, b, c³ is
in engagement with its respective rear stop a, b, c, and the carriers thus held in
position. The actuating pin a' has just engaged the actuating arm a¹, and will
carry this arm with it, as the cylinder D continues its movement, thus rocking the
shalt 17 to swing the carrier, and double the paper against the surface of the
cylinder D, and at the same time swinging the arms 18 on their shaft, so as to
raise the shaft 17, and permit the carrier to pass over the cylinder, as previously
described. By this rocking of the shaft 17, the spring 53 on the shaft is put under
tension, which increases until the arm a' has passed its middle position, and the
tension of the spring then acts to press the leading end of the carrier and fold line
of the paper down against the cylinder and secure the proper action of these parts
as the cylinder rotates upward, the carrier being thus brought into the position
shewn in Figure 2, in which position it is stopped, and held accurately by the
stop arm a³ engaging the forward stop a of carrier a. The paper is then fed out
froin the carrier by the roll E and cylinder D, and transferred to carrier b, as in
the construction previously described.
When the paper has been fed into the carrier 6 the proper distance, the actuating

page_text: pin 6 engages the actuating arm 6 of carrier b, and the operation just described
in connection with carrier a is repeated in connection with carrier b, and so with
carrier, as the paper with the rear end of the wrapper pasted by paster I
reaches this carrier, the carrier c being actuated by its actuating pins c engaging
its actuating arm c¹.
The carrier a remains in the position shown in Figure 2, in which position it is
held against accidental displacement by the stop arm a³ engaging the forward
stop a, until one of the return pins a c engages the return arm a', when this
carrier is rocked in the opposite direction, or to the right in Figures 9 and 10,
and as the carrier passes its middle position, the tension of the spring is relieved,
and the carrier returned by the spring to the position shewn in Figure 10, being
stopped and held in said position accurately by the stop arm a³ engaging the rear
stop a. In like manner, the carriers b, c remain in position after delivering the
paper, being held by their respective stop arms and forward stops, until their
respective return arms are engaged by one of their respective return
pins bac, and are then returned to normal position, as shewn in Figures 9 and 10,
in which position they are held by their respectives stop arms ³ ³ engaging the
rear stops 66, co.
In the construction thus far described, the carriers have a reciprocating
movement, moving in opposite directions to transfer the sheet, and to return to
position for taking the next sheet, and are moved bodily from the cylinder in
folding the sheets, to permit them to pass over the convex surface of the cylinder,
and to secure their movement parallel with the surface of the cylinder so as to
press the sheet against the surface during folding. As above stated, however,
constructions in which the carriers move in but one direction may be used, and,
moreover, the axial line of the carriers may be stationary, and the cylinder be
constructed so as to have a movement toward and from the carrier, as the carrier
is moved over it.
Various constructions operating in this manner may be made, and the proper
movement of the carriers and action of the cylinder be secured by widely different
means. In Figures 13 to 18, however, there is shewn a simple construction, in
which rotating carriers are used, these carriers being frictionally driven by their
actuating shafts, and held in position against the friction by cams during the
operation of receiving and delivering the papers, and in which the cylinder has a
yielding surface formed of rubber tubes containing air or other suitable elastic
medium, thus providing for the movement of the surface from and toward the
carrier.
In this construction, the cylinder D is the same in construction and operation as
previously described, except that its surface is formed of a series of tubes 1, filled
with air or other suitable elastic medium, so as to form a surface which will yield
against the pressure of the carriers. As shown, three tubes are used, these tubes
being arranged side by side, and extending circumferentially about the entire
cylinder, and being mounted at suitable distances apart to form grooves of the
It will be
required with between the tubes for the fingers on the carriers.
understood, however, that any other suitable construction may be used for this
purpose, it being necessary only that a part, or the whole, of the surface of the
cylinder should be of sufficient elasticity to yield against the pressure of the
carriers and return to position as the pressure of the carrier is removed.
The carriers a, b, c, are carried by shafts 62 mounted in fixed positions in the
frames A B, and each of these shafts carries two arms, these arms being lettered
respectively a a¹¹, 610 6¹¹, and c¹o e, corresponding to their respective carriers,
each of these arms being provided at its end with a bowl, which bowls, at the
proper time, engage stops rotating with the shaft C and cylinder D, so as to hold
the carriers in position during feeding and feeding out of the sheets in their receipt
and delivery by the carriers. These stops are carried by discs L, secured to the
shaft C, and are adjustable thereon by means of set nuts and slots 63, so that they
may be adjusted into position accurately for the proper operation of the carriers,

page_text: .
and this operation varied in accordance with the length of the sheet to be folded,
the arms on the shaft 62 preferably being made adjustable also by set screws, as
shewn, or otherwise, for the same purpose. Two of these stops are provided for
each carrier, one stop engaging each arm, and these stops are lettered respectively
a, a, b, c, c¹³, corresponding by pairs to their respective carriers and arms.
The shafts 62, to which the carriers a, b, c, are secured, are driven by cone
friction clutches 65, the driving members being loose, and the driven members
splined, on shafts 62, and the two parts of the clutch being pressed together by
means of adjustable springs 66 on the shafts 62, as usual in such constructions.
The shaft carries, inside the frame, a large gear 67, which drives the rolls E
through gears 68 on their shafts, and the driving members of the clutches 65 are
driven from these gears 68 through intermediates 69 and gears 70 on the driving
members of the clutches. The driving mechanism of the other parts of the
machine is substantially the same as in the machine shown in Figures 1 to 8, the
driving of paster I from gear 40 being shown as modified slightly.
The operation of this construction will be understood from the following brief
description in connection with the drawings, referring especially to Figures 14, 16,
and 18:
In the position shown in Figures 14 and 16, a sheet has been advanced by the
tapes g, the stops 2 having been lowered by the spring 30, on the release of the
arms 29 by the cam on the cylinder D, and the sheet has been fed into
the carrier, a, which is just about to be actuated to double the sheet with the
cylinder D, and transfer the fold line of the doubled sheet to the next roll E, the
machine being illustrated as operating to fold the sheet twice on the middle line,
that is, to form four plies of the original sheet, and apply a wrapper thereto. The
wrapper y has been broken from the perforated wrapper web by the cylinder D
and roll 35 and advanced thereby to roll E, and within the carrier a, on the under
side of the sheet, sufficiently to ensure the wrapper being folded with and outside
the latter.
In this position, the stop a" is just about to pass arm a¹0, so as to release the
latter; and allow the friction clutch 65 to rotate the shaft 62 and swing the
carrier a forward with the cylinder D, and, as the cylinder continues its rotation,
the carrier is thus moved with the shaft 62, and the sheet and wrapper folded and
transferred to carrier b, the surface of the cylinder yielding as the carrier swings
toward and past its central position, and returned to position by its elasticity, as
the carrier moves forward from the central position, and thus away from the
cylinder, the surface of the cylinder thus following the carrier during the latter
part of this movement, and the fold line of the doubled sheet thus being advanced
potitively into the grip of the cylinder D and the next roll E. Just as the
carrier a reaches the proper position to transfer the sheet to carrier b, which is
then in the position shewn in Figures 14, 16, and 18, with the fingers I of plates 16
entering between the tubes 1, the arm a" on the shaft of carrier a engages the
stop a, and the carrier a is thus held stationary, and accurately in position, until
the paper has been fed out from carrier a and into carrier by the cylinder D and
'feeding roll E, when the stop as passes the arm a", and the friction clutch 65
again rotates the shaft 62 of carrier a, until the carrier is brought into the position
shown in Figures 14 and 16, when the arm a10 again engages the stop a", and
⚫ holds the carrier in position until the sheet and wrapper are fed in, when the
operation is repeated.
The operation of carriers b, c is the same, the arms 610 61, and clo, c" being engaged
by their respective stops 163, and el, cls, so as to hold the carriers be stationary
against the tension of the clutches 65, during the operations of receiving and
delivering sheets, and being released by the stops in proper time to permit the
actuation of the carriers by the clutches 65, so as to fold and transfer the sheets,
and return to normal position, as described in connection with carrier a.
In the position shown in Figures 14 and 16, in which carrier a has just received
a sheet and wrapper, as described above, carrier bis in normal position ready to

page_text: receive the sheet from the carrier a, having been returned to position after folding
and transfering the preceding sheet and wrapper, and this preceding sheet with the
wrapper has passed the paster 36, where a line of paste has been applied to the
wrapper, and the carrier c has received the sheet twice folded with the wrapper,
and transferred it to the next roll E, simultaneously folding down the flap of the
wrapper, so that the twice folded and wrapped sheet is just being delivered from
the carrier c by the cylinder D, and roll E, the flap of the wrapper being pressed
down by the roll and tubes 7 of the cylinder. In the position shewn in Figure 18,
in which the carrier a is just being swung over to fold the sheet, the preceding
wrapped sheet has been fully delivered, and the carrier c is ready to be returned to
normal position, to receive the next sheet and wrapper.
may
In Figure 19, there is shewn a construction in which rotating carriers, which'
be constructed and actuated in the same manner as previously described, are used
with a cylinder employing spring-pressed segments to form the yielding surface
co-acting with the carriers, instead of the elastic tubes 1 of the construction
previously described. In this modified construction, the carriers a, b, c, co-act
respectively with segments a, b, c, arranged circumferentially of the cylinder in
proper positions to co-act with their respective carriers, these segments being grooved
or arranged in series extending longitudinally of the cylinder, so as to permit the
fingers on the plates 16 of the carriers to enter the cylinder. These segments may
be supported in any suitable manner, so as to yield for co-action with the carriers,
and are shewn as carried by bars 71, sliding radially in bearings 72 in the cylinder,
and pressed outward by springs 73 on the rods. The operation of this modified
construction will be clear from the preceding description, in connection with
Figure 19, being identical with that of the construction shown in Figures 13 to 18.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art, that many other modifications
may be made in the general features of the folding and wrapping machines shewn,
without departing from the invention, and that the invention is not to be limited to
the specific construction of the different parts, as these may be varied widely. While
one feature of the invention consists in the combination of a plurality of carriers for
folding a number of times, or folding and wrapping, the invention includes also
constructions employing a single carrier, as claimed hereafter. It will be under-
stood, also, that the term "sheet" is used in the Specification and claims, as a broad
term to cover the article to be folded or wrapped, whether consisting of one or more
plies.
The sheet-feeding mechanism forming a part of the machines above described,
but shewn separately in Figures 20 to 24 for convenience, and which forms a part of
the invention, will now be described.
Upon the end of the frame A, which projects in front of the folding and wrapping
machine, is the sheet holder M, which may consist of a box or receptacle of any
suitable form for supporting the sheets in the pile, and holding them in proper
position. The bottom of the sheet holder M consists of a series of bars m, forming
& support for the sheets, and between which the feeding rolls N engage the bottom
paper, these feeding rolls being preferably formed with roughened surfaces, or
faced with suitable material, such as rubber or emery, to increase the friction.
The bars m are pivotally mounted upon the shaft 75 of the forward feeding roll N,
and, at their outer ends, are connected to a bar 76, which is connected at each end
by connecting rods 77 to crank arms 78 on a rock shaft 79, which is actuated by
a crank arm 80 aud pitman 81, spring-pressed in one direction by a spring 82, and
actuated in the opposite direction by a cam n on the shaft S, so that the cam,
through these connections, raises the bars m at the proper time, as hereafter
explained, and upon the release of the bars m by the cam n, the spring 82 returns
these bars to their lower position.
At the front end of the sheet holder M is a guard O, preferably made adjustable
vertically, as shown, and terminating at its lower end, just above the second paper,
in a series of fingers o, between which move the stops p, consisting, in the form
shewn, of sharp pins, these pins, of which three are used in the construction shewn,

page_text: t
being carried by a bar 83, moving vertically in guides in the frame, and actuated
by a crank arm 84 on a rock shaft 85, which is actuated from the shaft S by a
slotted crank arm 86, connected to a pitman 87, operated in one direction by the
cam g on the shaft S, and returned by the spring 88.
Just in advance of the sheet-holder M, is mounted a stationary lower feed roll P,
and above this a drop roll Q, carried by pivotted arms 89, and raised and lowered,
at the proper time, by shaft S through a link 90, connecting one of the arms 89 to
a crank arm 91 on a rock shaft 92; the crank arm 91 having connected thereto a
pitman 93, pressed by a spring 94, and actuated by cam s on the shaft S, so that
the drop roll Q is raised by the cam, and returned by the spring, when released by
On the rock shaft 92 are arms 95, carrying stops t, which are brought
into position to stop the leading end of the sheet until the drop roll Q seizes it, and
are then lowered to allow the sheet to be fed forward. By the drop roll. Q and
stationary roll P the sheet is fed forward to the feed rolls R and belts g.
the cam.
The feeding rolls N are driven from the shaft S through a gear 96 on the shaft S,
intermediates 97, and gears 98 on the shafts of the feeding rolls, so that all those
rolls rotate in the same direction, and at the same rate of speed. The stationary
feed roll P and drop roll Q are fed from the leading feed roll N by inter-
mediates 99 and gears 100 on the shafts of the rolls, and the lower belt roll R is
driven from roll P through intermediates 101 and gear 102 on the belt roll.
The operation of this sheet-feeding mechanism will be understood from a brief
statement in connection with the drawings.
All the feed rolls N engage the bottom sheet of the pile, as the feeding movement
is commenced, as shewn in Figure 23, and thus advance the sheet out from the
holder M. As the sheet is advanced, the bars m are raised from the position shewn
in Figure 23 to that shewn in Figure 24, so as to raise the sheets from engagement
with the feeding rolls N, and thus prevent their engagement with the second sheet,
until the first sheet has been fully fed out, and the feeding of the second sheet is
to be commenced, when the bars m are lowered again. It will be seen that with
the bars m pivotted at the front of the holder, as shewn, the sheets are raised on
an incline, so as to separate the sheets from the rear and forward rolls successively.
This permits the rear end of the second sheet, with the sheets above it, to be
separated from the rolls immediately upon the commencement of the feeding of the
bottom sheet, the bottom sheet with the upper sheets being gradually and
successively raised from the different rolls, while the feeding action of the
forward rolls on the bottom sheet is continued. This is an important feature,
in that it avoids the contact of the second sheet with the feeding rolls, which
would result from the bending of the second sheet over the rear end of the
bottom sheet, if the latter were fed out a considerable distance before the action
of the lifting devices, and the latter engaged the second sheet behind the bottom
sheet. This enables the present construction to be used for feeding sheets of
considerable length, and of such character as to bend at their rear ends when
unsupported by the bottom sheet. The slight bending of the sheets at their
forward ends also aids in securing the separation and proper feed of the bottom
sheet. It is to be noted that the separation of the bottom sheet and feeding device
is essential to the result desired in feeding sheets of considerable length and
rigidity, for if the leading devices engage the second sheet close to its rear edge, so
as to prevent the latter bending over the rear edge of the bottom sheet as the
latter is fed out, the second and upper sheets are likely to bend centrally after the
bottom sheet has been fed out a considerable distance, and thus bring the second
sheet into contact with the feeding devices. By separating the bottom sheet and
feeding devices, as the bottom sheet is fed out, however, the separation of the
second sheet and feeding devices may be secured throughout the feeding of the
bottom sheet, independently of the length or flexibility of the sheets. The bottom
sheet passes out beneath the guard O to the stops p, and are held in position by the
latter until the feed roll Q drops, when, by the same action that lowers the feed
roll, the stops are removed from the path of the paper, and the drop roll Q,

page_text: Co-acting with the stationary roll P, seizes the leading end of the paper, & advances
it to the belt rolls R and belts g.
If only one paper be fed out at a time, the raising and lowering of the pins p
does not interfere in any way with the feeding of the paper, but if, as shewn in the
drawings, a second sheet is fed out beneath the guard O, which positively stops the
third and upper sheets, the pius p, in their downward movement, on the rocking of
the shaft 85, pierce the leading end of this sheet, as shewn in Figure 24, and stop
it, so as to hold it against the friction of the bottom sheet, until the latter is fed
out, when the fingers are withdrawn and the second sheet, now become the bottom
sheet, is free to be fed out by the rolls N.
It will be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific details
of the sheet-feeding construction shown as embodying this part of the invention, as
it is obvious that these may be varied in many respects without departing there-
from. It will be understood, also, that different means for taking the sheet, as it
is advanced from the sheet holder, may used, and that the means for separating
the feeding rolls and second sheet, to prevent the feeding forward of the second
sheet with the bottom sheet, and the means for stopping a second sheet, if fed
forward, may be used independently of each other, either alone or with other
devices for securing the proper feeding of a single sheet.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
from abroad, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A folding or wrapping machine having a plurality of feeding devices, an
abutment between the feeding devices, and a plurality of carriers by which the
sheets are received from the successive feeding devices, and which are moved over
the abutment, to fold the sheets, and transfer them to the next feeding device,
with the carriers held positively in position to assure the proper folding of the
sheets, substantially as described.
2. A folding or wrapping machine having a plurality of feeding devices, an
abutment between the feeding devices, and a plurality of pivoted carriers by which
the sheets are received from the successive feeding devices, and which are moved
over the abutment by a partial rotation on their axes, to fold the sheets and
transfer them to the next feeding device, with their axes held positively in position
during this movement, to assure the proper folding of the sheet, substantially as
described.
3. A folding or wrapping machine baving a plurality of feeding devices, an
abutment between the feeding devices, a plurality of pivoted carriers by which the
sheets are received from the successive feeding devices, and which are moved over the
abutment by a partial rotation on their axes to fold the sheets, and means for
advancing the carriers positively into position to carry the fold line to the next
feeding device, substantially as described.
4. A folding or wrapping machine having a plurality of feeding devices, an
abutment between the feeding devices, and a plurality of pivoted carriers by which
the sheets are received from the successive feeding devices, in combination with
mechanism for rocking suid carriers on their axes in opposite directions over the
abutment, and moving the axes of the carriers towards and from the abutment,
substantially as described.
5. A folding or wrapping machine having a rotating cylinder, a plurality of
feeding devices arranged about, and co-acting with said cylinder, to advance a
sheet, and a plurality of carriers between the feeding devices, by which the sheets
are received from the successive feeding devices, and which are moved over the
cylinder, to fold the sheet, and transfer the fold line to the next feeding device,
substantially as described.
6. A folding or wrapping machine having a rotating cylinder, a plurality of
feeding devices arranged about, and co-acting with, said cylinder, to advance a
sheet, and a plurality of carriers between the feeding devices, by which the sheets

page_text: are received from the successive feeding devices, in combination with mechanism
for moving the carriers over the cylinder, to fold the sheets, and advancing
the carriers to carry the fold line to the next feeding device substantially as
described.
7. A folding or wrapping machine having a rotating cylinder, a plurality of
feeding devices arranged about, and co-acting with, said cylinder, to advance a
sheet, and a plurality of pivotted carriers between the feeding devices, by which
the sheets are received from the successive feeding devices, in combination with
mechanism for swinging said carriers in opposite directions over the cylinder, and
moving the axes of the carriers toward and from the cylinder, substantially as
described.
8. A folding or wrapping machine having an abutment provided with an elastic
surface, a plurality of feeding devices, and a plurality of carriers by which the
sheets are received from the successive feeding devices, and which are moved over,
and co-act with, the elastic surface, to fold the sheets, and transfer them to the next
feeding device, substantially as described.
9. A folding or wrapping machine having an abutment provided with an elastic
surface, a plurality of feeding devices, and a plurality of rotating carriers, by
which the sheets are received from the successive feeding devices, and which are
moved over and co-act with the elastic surface, to fold the sheets, and transfer
them to the next feeding device, substantially as described.
10. A folding or wrapping machine having a rotating cylinder provided with an
elastic surface, a plurality of feeding devices arranged about and co-acting with
the cylinder, to advance a sheet, and a plurality of rotating carriers by which
the sheets are received from the successive feeding devices, and which are moved
over and co-act with the elastic surface, to fold the sheets, and transfer them to the
next feeding device, substantially as described.
11. A folding or wrapping machine having a rotating cylinder, provided with an
elastic surface, a plurality of feeding devices, arranged about, and co-acting with,
the cylinder, to advance & sheet, and a plurality of rotating carriers mounted
between the feeding devices, and arranged to receive the sheets therefrom, and
co-acting with the cylinder to fold the sheets, in combination with means for
actuating said carriers, with pauses in position to receive the sheets from one
feeding device, and deliver them to the next feeding device, substantially as
described.
12. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding devices and pasting devices
for the wrapper, of a plurality of feeding devices, an abutment between the feeding
devices, a plurality of carriers mounted between the successive feeding devices, and
mechanism for actuating said carriers, to fold the paper and wrapper together
against the abutment, and transfer them to the successive feeding devices, and for
returning the carriers to normal position, substantially as described.
13. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding devices and pasting devices
for the wrapper, of a plurality of feeding devices, a rotating cylinder co-acting with
the feeding devices, a plurality of pivoted carriers mounted between the successive
feeding devices, and mechanism for actuating said carriers to fold the paper and
wrapper together against the cylinder, and transfer them to the successive feeding
. devices, and for returning the carriers to normal position, substantially as
described.
14. The combination with two feeding devices, of an abutment between the
feeding devices, a pivoted carrier having a folding plate co-acting with the abutment,
to fold a sheet, and transfer it from one feeding device to the other, and mechanism
for moving said carrier over the abutment, one of said co-acting members having
movement toward and from the other, substantially as described.
15. The combination with two feeding devices, of an abutment and a pivoted
carrier between said feeding devices, and mechanism for positively rocking said
carrier over the abutment and for moving the carrier bodily toward and from the
abutment, substantially as described.
:

page_text: 16. The combination with an abutment, of two or more feeding devices co-acting
therewith, one or more carriers mounted between the feeding devices, and adjustable
mechanism for moving said carrier or carriers over the abutment, to fold the sheet,
whereby the line or lines of fold may be varied, substantially as described.
17. The combination with an abutment, of a pivoted carrier, swinging arms in
which said carrier is pivotally mounted, a crank on the axis of the carrier, and
mechanism for actuating said crank, to move the carrier in opposite directions,
substantially as described.
18. The combination with a cylinder, of a plurality of pivoted carriers, a
plurality of feeding devices arranged about the cylinder, for feeding sheets to and
from the successive carriers, cranks on the axes of the carriers, and a rotating
member or members controlling said carriers through said cranks, substantially as
described.
19. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding devices, and pasting devices
for the wrapper, of a folding and wrapping mechanism having a plurality of feeding
devices, au abutment, a plurality of carriers, and mechanism for actuating said
carriers, to fold the paper and wrapper together against the abutment, said paper
feeding devices and carrier-actuating devices being relatively adjustable, whereby
the fold line may be varied, substantially as described.
20. The combination with two feeding devices, of an elastic abutment between
the feeding devices, and a carrier co-acting with the abutment to fold a sheet, and
transfer it from one feeding device to the other, substantially as described.
21. The combination with two feeding devices, of an elastic abutment between
the feeding devices, and a rotating carrier co-acting with the abutment, to fold
a sheet, and transfer it from one feeding device to the other, substantially as
described.
22. The combination with two feeding devices, of an elastic abutment between
the feeding devices, a rotating carrier co-acting with the abutment to fold a sheet.
and transfer it from one feeding device to the other, a friction clutch driving said
carrier, and devices for stopping said carrier against the tension of the clutch, to
receive and deliver the sheet, and releasing the carrier for the folding movement,
substantially as described.
23. The combination with two feeding devices, of an elastic cylinder between
the feeding devices, a pivoted carrier co-acting with the cylinder, to fold a sheet
and transfer it from one feeding device to the other, and means for actuating said
carrier, substantially as described.
24. The combination with a rotating cylinder having an elastic surface, of a
pivoted carrier co-acting with the cylinder, to fold a sheet, said carrier and cylinder
having their axes stationary relatively to each other, and means for actuating said
carrier substantially as described..
25. The combination with a rotating cylinder having an elastic surface, of a
rotating carrier co-acting with the cylinder to fold a sheet, said carrier and
cylinder having their axes stationary relatively to each other, and means for
actuating said carrier, substantially as described.
26. The combination with two feeding devices, of an abutment between the
feeding devices, a rotating carrier co-acting with the abutment to fold a sheet,
and means independent of the sheet, for actuating said carrier, substantially as
described.
27. The combination with the cylinder D, of feeding rolls E, swinging arms 18,
carrier a pivoted in said arms, and mechanism for actuating said carrier,
substantially as described.
28. The combination with grooved cylinder D, of grooved feeding rolls E.
swinging arms 18, carrier a, pivoted in said arms, and entering the grooves in said
rolls, and having guiding fingers entering the cylinder, in receiving a sheet, and
mechanism for actuating said carrier, substantially as described.
29. The combination with cylinder D, of feeding rolls E, swinging arms 18,

page_text: carrier a pivoted in said arms, cam disc F, and connections between said cam and
carrier, for actuating the latter in opposite directions, substantially as described.
30. The combination with cylinder D, of feeding rolls E, swinging arms 18,
carrier a, pivoted in said arms, cam disc F, segmental gear 23 rocked by said cam,
lever 20, having gear 22, and link 19 between said lever and carrier, substantially
as described.
31. The combination with cylinder D, of feeding rolls E, a plurality of
carriers a b c, and mechanism for actuating said carriers, substantially as
described.
32. The combination with a cylinder, of feeding rolls E, rotating carrier a,
having arms a, a friction clutch for rotating said carrier, and rotating stop a¹,
substantially as described.
33. The combination with a cylinder, of feeding rolls E, rotating carrier a,
having arms a, a, a friction clutch for rotating said carrier, and rotating
stops a as, substantially as described.
34. The combination with a cylinder, of feeding rolls E, a plurality of rotating
carriers, as a, b, c, between said rolls, having arms, as alo, all, 610 611, 10 ell, friction
clutches for rotating said carriers, and rotating stops, as a ¹s a¹³, b's b³, cl cls,
substantially as described.
35. The combination with a cylinder, of feeding rolls E, a plurality of rotating
carriers, as a, b, c, aud actuating devices for said carriers, adjustable to vary the
time at which the carriers act relatively to the feed of the sheet, substantially as
described.
36. The combination with cylinder D, carrier a, and mechanism for actuating
said carrier, of feeding belts g, for advancing a sheet to the cylinder, stop 2, and
cam on the cylinder, and connections for vibrating said stop, substantially as
described.
37. The combination with cylinder D, carrier a, and mechanism for actuating
said carrier, of feeding belts 9 for advancing a sheet to the cylinder, stop 2, and
adjustable cam on the cylinder, and connections for actuating said stop,
substantially as described.
38. A folding or wrapping machine substantially as shown and described in
connection with Figs. 1 to 8.
39. A folding or wrapping machine substantially as shown and described in
connection with Figs. 9 to 12..
40. A folding or wrapping machine substantially as shown and described in
connection with Figs. 13 to 19.
41. The combination with a holder adapted to receive a pile of sheets, of feeding
devices engaging the bottom sheet, and means for separating the rear end of the
bottom sheet, and the upper sheets from the feeding devices, and supporting said
sheets throughout substantially their length, while retaining the engagement of
the front end of the bottom sheet by the feeding devices, substantially as
described.
42. The combination with a holder adapted to receive a pile of sheets, of feeding
devices engaging the bottom sheet, and means for raising and lowering the sheet,
to separate the rear end of the bottom sheet and the upper sheets from the feeding
devices, and supporting said sheets throughout substantially their length, while
retaining the engagement of the front end of the bottom sheet by the feeding
devices, substantially as described.
43. The combination with a holder adapted to receive a pile of sheets, of feeding
rolls engaging the bottom sheet, and means for raising the sheets on an incline, to
separate the sheets from the rear and forward rolls successively, to prevent the
feeding of the second sheet by the feeding rolls, during the feeding of the bottoin
sheet, substantially as described.
44. The combination with feeding mechanism for advancing the bottom sheet
from a pile, of one or more vertically movable stops arranged to stop a second

page_text: sheet, when the stops are lowered, and means for raising and lowering said stops,
substantially as described.
45. The combination with feeding mechanism for advancing the bottom sheet
from a pile, of one or more vertically movable sharp pins constructed and positioned
to pierce a second sheet, when advanced with the bottom sheet, and ineans for
raising and lowering said pins, substantially as described.
46. The combination with feeding mechanism for advancing the bottom sheet
from a pile, of guards arranged to stop a third sheet, one or more vertically movable
sharp pins arranged to stop a second sheet when the pins are lowered, and means
for raising and lowering said pins, substantially as described.
47. The combination with a holder M, of means for advancing the bottom sheet
from the holder, guard O at the front of the holder, having fingers o, stops p moving
between said fingers, and means for raising and lowering said pins, substantially as
described.
48. The combination with a holder M, of a series of feeding rolls N below said
holder, bars m normally supporting the sheets in the holder, and pivoted at the
front of the holder, and means for swinging said bars vertically, during the feeding
of the bottom sheet, to raise the bottom sheet with the upper sheets from the
feeding devices, gradually from the rear end toward the front end of the sheets,
substantially as described.
49. A folding or wrapping machine substantially as shown and described in
connection with Figs. 20 to 24.
Dated this 29th day of October 1895.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.