IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING THE PILE OF WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1855

page_text: IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING THE PILE OF WOVEN FABRICS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Chalmers at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
September 1855.
I, DAVID CHALMERS, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING THE PILE OF WOVEN
FABRICS" to be as follows:-
This my Invention, which is an improvement of the machine patented by
me, dated the Eighteenth day of August 1853, consists of an improved cutter,
as shewn in the accompanying outline Drawing, in which it will be perceived
that I shew two kinds or forms of construction, either of which will answer the
purpose, both being inverted. These inverted cutters dispense entirely with
the necessity of separate guides, the form of the cutter itself constituting a
guide, following that part which cuts and keeps it in the race of the material.
The other parts of the machine are nearly similar to those described in the
Specification of the Patent above referred to, namely, two rollers or beams

page_text: revolving in pedestals on a frame below the cutters, over which the cloth or
material to be cut passes. On the top of the said frame is a grooved roller
having the aforesaid cutters, which may be slid on at each end, the projection
as seen in the Drawing fitting in the said longitudinal groove.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said David Chalmers in the Great Seal Patent Oflice on the
22nd March 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DAVID
CHALMERS, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said David Chalmers, Her special licence that I, the said David Chalmers,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said David
Chalmers, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR CUTTING THE PILE OF WOVEN FABRICS,"
upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said David Chalmers, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Royal
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said David Chalmers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
My Invention consists of an improved construction of cutter or cutters,
adapted to machines for cutting the pile of woven fabrics, which cutters are of
a circular form, with any convenient number of indentations or pieces cut from
the periphery of the circular cutter, in order to form cutting edges. These

page_text: edges are inverted or close to the flat or blunt rim of the circumference of the
cutter. By this plan I dispense with the necessity of separate guides, the form
of the cutter itself constituting a guide, following that part which cuts and
keeps it in the race of the material. For some descriptions of work separate
guides will be advantageous, and may therefore be used in connection with my
said improved, cutters. The shape and construction of these cutters will be
clearly understood by reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in
which four cutters are shewn, though by this arrangement of inverting the
cutting edge or edges of the cutter, and causing the remaining portion of the
circumference to act as a guide, an indefinite variety of form and number of
indentations or cutting edges can be made, as will be easily understood.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, I desire it to be
distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the exact form or number
of indentations, as shewn in the Drawings, as such may be varied or modified
without departing from the principle thereof; but I claim as my Invention,
and which to the best of my knowledge and belief has not been hitherto used
within this realm, the use of circular cutters with any number or form of
indentations to form the cutting edges, and followed immediately by the flat or
blunt rim of the remaining portions of the cutter as applicable to my improved
machine, for which I obtained Her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent, dated the
Eighteenth day of August, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, or to
any other machine used for cutting the pile of woven fabrics.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Chalmers, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of March, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-six.
DAVID CHALMERS. (L.s.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-named
David Chalmers, in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.