IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROVING AND SPINNING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Whiteley, of the Firm of William
Whiteley and Sons, of Lockwood, near Huddersfield, in the County
of York, Machine Makers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROVING AND SPINNING WOOL, COTTON, AND
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Scaled the 25th March 1870, and dated the 28th September 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Whiteley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th September 1869.
I, WILLIAM WHITELEY, of the Firm of William Whiteley and Sons,
of Lockwood, near Huddersfield, in the County of York, Machine
Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROVING AND SPINNING WOOL, COTTON,
AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This. Invention relates to the pairs of drawing rollers employed in
such machinery, and the improvements consist in having the axis of

page_text: the top roller placed askew or at an angle to the axis of the bottom
roller, one or both of such rollers being formed concave on the surface
longitudinally, so that each pair of rollers will fit together from end to
end as when their axes are parallel. By the action of these skew
drawing rollers, which may be made at any desirable angle to each other,
twist is given to the rovings, threads, or yarns in passing from the back
rollers to them which enables a better or a greater amount of draught
to be effected. Also I may employ an additional roller or a pair of
rollers to each roving or thread, with one or two endless belts thereto
to produce a rubbing or rolling effect on the rovings or threads as they
pass between them to the spindles.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Whiteley in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th March 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
WHITELEY, of the Firm of William Whiteley and Sons, of Lockwood,
near Huddersfield, in the County of York, Machine Makers, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Whiteley, Her special
licence that I, the said William Whiteley, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Whiteley,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROVING AND SPINNING WOOL,
COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Whiteley, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the natur

page_text: of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Whiteley, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Sheet of Drawings (that is
to say):
This Invention relates to the pairs of drawing rollers employed in
such machinery, and the improvements consist in having the axis of the
top roller placed askew or at an angle to the axis of the bottom roller,
one or both of such rollers being formed concave on the surface
longitudinally, so that each pair of rollers will fit together from end to
end as when their axes are parallel. By the action of these skew
drawing rollers, which may be made at any desirable angle to each
other, twist is given to the rovings, threads, or yarns in passing from
the back rollers to them, which enables a better or a greater amount-of
draught to be effected. Also I may employ an additional roller or
pair of rollers to each roving or thread with one or two endless belts
thereto to produce a rubbing or rolling effect on the rovings or threads
as they pass between them to the spindles.
This Invention will be readily understood by reference to the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings wherein Figs. 1 and 2 represent a pair of
rollers A and B placed askew or at an angle to each other, and C is the
roving passing betwixt them. The surfaces are formed concave in the
direction of their length, as will be seen, so that they fit together
although laying across each other to some extent.
The manner in which I prefer to mount these rollers is shewn at Fig. 3,
where the roller A is fixed on a spindle or shaft A¹ carried in, bearings
of a rail A, and the roller B is fixed on a similar shaft B' carried in
bearings of a rail B³. These rails are hinged together on axes or studs.
at the point marked D, which is the central point of the meeting of the
two rollers, and on one of the said axes or studs is mounted a spur
wheel E, to which rotary motion is given by a pinion F. The said rails
A and B cach carry a shaft G and H, on which are fixed bevel
wheels I and J gearing with other bevel wheels fixed on the shafts •A'

page_text: and B', and on these shafts G and H are fixed spur pinions K and L
gearing with the wheel E, by which motion is communicated to the
rollers A and B. The said rails A and B are capable of being
moved by means of the right and left handed screw spindle M so as to
enable me to set the rollers at various or different angles to each other
according to requirements. Fig. 4 is a side view of the rails and
bearings A and B.
The mode or method of applying these rollers thus mounted and
operated in or for the practical operations of spinning are shewn at
Fig. 5, which is the end view of a frame constructed suitably for carrying
out this Invention, one part being in elevation, and the other in section,
there being two sides of this frame alike, as in ordinary spinning frames.
Motion is given to this frame or machine in the usual manner by pullies
N on a main shaft, from which the motion is communicated by bevel
wheels and shaft P to the pinion F which is in gear with the wheel E.
The rovings O are supplied from bobbins R, and passing betwixt the
nip or holding back rollers S pass betwixt the said rollers A and B,
which both draw and twist the said rovings, they thence pass over the
guide rod T to the ring flyers U, and thence to the bobbins V,
which are carried on the spindles W, receiving rotary motion by cords X
from the roller Y in the usual manner of driving the spindles of
spinning frames, and Z' is the usual traverse motion or apparatus to
operate the rail which carries the flyers. In some cases I construct
these rollers of india-rubber or other elastic material covered with
leather or other suitable substance.
Fig. 6 shows a pair of endless belts placed at an angle to each other
in like manner as with the rollers above described, whereby a greater
amount of surface is brought into contact with the rovings or threads in
passing betwixt them, as will be easily perceived.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and shewn by
Drawings how the same is or may be performed or carried into practical
operation, I would have it clearly understood that while I do not confine
myself to this construction or arrangement of machinery or apparatus,
neither do I claim the whole of the parts which I have herein shewn
and described, but what I do claim as my Invention is, the mode or
method of placing pairs of rollers with their axes askew or at an angle
to each other, also the placing of endless belts or sheets askew or at an

page_text: angle to each other for the purpose of both drawing and twisting fibrous
substances simultaneously.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Whiteley, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
W*. TASKER,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Bradford.
WILLIAM WHITELEY. (L.S.)