Improvements in or relating to Gas and Petroleum Motors.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Gas and Petroleum Motors.
I, RASMUS PEDER HANSEN, Bailif, of Sjaelstofte, Rodby. Errindlev Sogn, in
the Kingdom of Denmark, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The invention relates to means employed for the operation of the valves and
regulation of the supply of the explosive matter to four-stroke gas and petroleum
motors and likewise a special arrangement for the vapourising apparatus in
petroleum motors.
Referring to the accompanying drawings:-
Fig. 1 shows a motor cylinder with the present improvements applied—the
valves and casing etc. being shown in section.
Fig. is a sectional view taken lengthwise through the cylinder and com-
pression chamber and valve covers (ie. at right angles to view shown in Fig. 1).
Figs. 3 and 4 show two different positions of the valve operating and regulating
mechanism and the governing mechanism.
A is the motor cylinder mounted on the bed-plate B.
Its other hollow
C is hollow moulded cylinder cover one chamber or passage of which 1)
through the aperture E is in connection with the cylinder.
space or chamber F serves as the petroleum vapouriser.
is the tube through which the petroleum is led from the petroleum pump ².
The petroleum is led from this tube into a canal in the cover C and after-
wards to the space F through a very small hole in the nozzle a' A cone-shaped
stopper or projection is arranged on the cover just above the nozzle w' that
serves to spread the petroleum as it issues from the nozzle #t.
G is a tube supplying air to the mixing space F.
If the tube through which the mixture of air and petroleum is led to the
injection valve I and is here further mixed with air coming through J.
During the working of the motor the chamber D becomes highly heated through
the aperture E and thereby the petroleum is vapourised in the chamber F.
Kis the escape valve.
During the compression the explosive mixture is ignited, in the usual or any
suitable manner.
The piston L and piston rod L' operate in the usual way the crank shaft
(not shown on the drawings).
shown) which operates
(which slides in the
is hinged which rod d
which presses same up
On this crank is mounted an eccentrical sheave (not
the rod and this eccentric rod is connected with the rod
guide hearing N) and to whose upper end a movable rod
is normally kept in vertical position by the spring
against the fixed button or stop f.
e
On the valve spindle the head or device 9 is fixed and provided with two
notches and g² see Fig. 3.
I is a balance lever (in one arm of which there is a recess or notch turning

page_text: on the pivot and kept normally up towards the knob by the spring / on the
arm hereof.
mis likewise a balance lever (moving round pivot m²) having a vertical down-
wardly pointed arm and supplied with a notch m which serves to catch the
arm on the lever I to whose arm it is kept fast by the spring /
nis a knob placed on the head of the valve spindle that acts on the lever at
which actuates the petroleum pump #².
"
The governor consists of a weighted hell-crank 0 which can be moved round
the pivot and carries a weight of on one arm while its other arm has a slanting
thin pointed end of 11 is kept in its normal or resting position up towards the
arm by the spring of
The pivat is carried on the arm which besides the striking bolt o has
n bolt (Fig. 1) to which the spring is fastened. The arm is movable on
the pivot (Fig. 1) and actuated by the rod b. The rod or arm R is pivoted
at and is kept in its resting position against the stop by the spring
On this device K is a projection which is supplied with a knob or projecting
pin serving to press on a fixed spring. The device R has a little notch
(see Figs. and 4) corresponding to the pointed end of the arm of the
adjuster 0. On the pivot but behind the device is placed block S (iron)
formed slanting at the top; this has a boli S¹ to which is fastened the spring
The knobs and the pivots i m² and and likewise the spring are all
fastened on a plate M fixed on the cylinder A (see Fig. 1) while the guide
bearing N and the petroleum pump are fastened on a plate fixed to the bed-
plate B.
In order to explain the movement of the mechanism a eyele of the motor shall
be described.
As usual in this type of motor this is completed in two revolutions ::
(1) injection (2) compression (5) explosion and expansion and (4) exhaustion
or scavenging stroke.
The injection valve I is automatic (and its spring is weaker than that of the
escape valve) and can be opened during the inspiration or first outstroke of the
piston by the pressure of the atmosphere.
The eccentric that moves the escape valve is set about ninety degrees ahead of
the crank reckoned according to the direction of the revolution.
Fig. 2 shows the piston at the commencement of the outstroke just in the
position where the injection begins.
When the piston begins its next instroke .. the compression stroke the rod d
must be prevented from lifting the escape valve head that is it must be pre-
vented from opening the escape valve although the rod d is at this moment
moved upwards. This object is effected by causing the rod of to be moved out
of the notch in said head g the rod dentehing in the notch on the lever I
and thereby holding same in the position that Fig. 3 shows where it is kept
fast by the notch m in the rod an engaging the nose of the lever
On the next outstroke of the piston the explosion takes place and then the
expansion.
"
The rod is now released from the notch and is forced by the spring back
into the notch g in a vertical line with the escape valve spindle and had g
as shown in Fig. 4 so that on the rod d being forced against the notch g' in
the head thereby the valve K is lifted and is now kept open during the whole
of the scavenging stroke or instroke following the explosion outstroke.
At the same time as the valve K is opened the rod d is pressed on the arm
of the lever m and lifts this in such a manner that the arm is released after
which the balance lever during the outstroke of the rod d slides back and by
the end of the escape siroke of the piston again takes up the position shown in
Fig. ready for the next cycle. The cycle is now completed.
Through the knob and the lever n the petroleum pump piston during the.
opening of the escape valve moves downwards in such a manner that the petrolem

page_text: through the tube is forced upwards into the vapouriser or chamber F. The
pump piston is carried back (returned) by the spring and thereby draws in
the next charge of petroleum.
The governor mechanism operates so as to prevent injection of the explosive
mixture into the cylinder A when the motor works too quickly. This takes place
in the following manner:-
The spring is so arranged that the tip of the bell-crank by normal
working during the upstroke passes the notch in the device R Fig. 3.
If the working is too quick the weight o fastened on one arm of the bell-
crank tries to remain in its original position during the upstroke. The
resistance of the spring of is overcome through same and the bell-crank is moved
so that the arm catches in the notch and lifts the device R (Fig. 3)
the knob through the spring will press the block S against the head and
thereby expand the spring much more and consequently the block S will be
carried into the notch and on account hereof during the return of the rod d
keeps the valve K open see Fig. 4.
1800
y
No text detected.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK.
Southampton Buildings. Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant,
Improvements in or relating to was and Petroleum Motors.
I. RASMUS PEDER HANSEN, Bailiff, of Sjaelstofte, Rodby, Errindley Sogn, in
the Kingdom of Denmark, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The invention relates to means employed for the operation of the valves and
regulation of the supply of the explosive matter to four-stroke gas and petroleum
motors and likewise a special arrangement for the vapourising apparatus in
petroleum motors.
Referring to the drawings left with the Provisional Specification herein:
Fig. 1 shows a motor cylinder with the present improvements applied-the
valves and casing etc. being shown in section.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken lengthwise through the cylinder and com-
pression chamber and valve covers (ie. at right angles to view shown in Fig. 1).
Figs and show two different positions of the valve operating and regulating
mechanism and the governing mechanism.
A is the motor cylinder mounted on the bed plate B.
C is hollow moulded cylinder cover one chamber or passage of which D
through the aperture E is in connection with the cylinder. Its other hollow
space or chamber F serves as the petroleum vapouriser.
is the tube through which the petroleum is led from the petroleum pump n².
The petroleum is led from this tube into a canal in the cover C and after-
wards to the space F through a very small hole in the nozzle n'. A cone-shaped
stopper or projection is arranged on the cover just above the nozzle that
serves to spread the petroleum as it issues from the nozzle at
Gis a tube supplying air to the mixing space F.
H the tube through which the mixture of air and petroleum is led to the
injection valve I and is here further mixed with air coming through J,

page_text: During the working of the motor the chamber D becomes highly heated through
the aperture E and thereby the petroleum is vaporised in the chamber F.
Kis the escape valve,
During the compression the explosive mixture is ignited.
The piston L. and piston rod operate in the usual way the crank shaft
not shown on the drawings.)
On this crank is mounted an eccentrical sheave (not shown) which operates
the rod and this eccentric rod is connected with the rod (which slides in the
guide bearing ) and to whose upper end a movable rad dis hinged which rod d
is normally kept in vertical position by the spring which presses same up
against the fixed button or stop f
On the valve spindle
the head or device is fixed and provided with two
notches and see Fig. 3.
is a balance-lever (in one arm of which there is a recess or notch
turning
on the pivot and kept normally up towards the knob by the spring on the
arm hereof.
m is likewise a balance-lever (moving round pivot m²) having a vertical down-
wardly pointed arm and supplied with a notch m' which serves to catch the
arm on the lever to whose arm it is kept fast by the spring
is a knob.placed on the head of the valve spindle that acts on the lever n
which actuates the petroleum pump ².
".
"
The governor consists of a weighted bell-crank O which can be moved round
the pivot and carries a weight on one arm while its other arm has a slanting
thin pointed end o It is kept in its normal or resting position up towards the
arm by the spring of.
The pivot
#
is carried on the arm which besides the striking bolt has
a bolt (Fig. 1) to which the spring of is fastened. The arm is movable on
the pist (Fig. 1) and actuated by the rod b. The rod or arm R is pivoted
ate and is kept in its resting position against the stop by the spring.
On this device it is a projection which is supplied with a knob or projecting
pin serving to press on a fixed spring. The device R has a little notehol
(see Figs. and 4) corresponding to the pointed end of the arm of the
bell-crank 0. On the pivot but behind the device R is placed block S (iron)
formed slanting at the top: this has a bolt S to which is fastened the spring
The knobs and the pivots im and rand likewise the spring are all
fastened on a plate M fixed on the cylinder A (see Fig. 1) while the guide
bearing N and the petroleum pump a² are fastened on a plate fixed to the bed-
plate B.
In order to explain the movement of the mechanism a cycle of the motor shall
he described.
As usual in this type of motor this is completed in two revolutions riz.:
(1) injection (2) compression (6) explosion and expansion and (4) exhaustion
or seavenging stroke.
The injection valve is automatic (and its spring is weaker than that of the
escape valve) and can be opened during the inspiration or first outstroke of the
piston by the pressure of the atmosphere.
The eccentric that moves the escape valve is set about ninety degrees ahead of
the crank reckoned according to the direction of the revolution.
Fig. 2 shows the piston at the commencement of the outstroke just in the
position where the injection begins.
When the piston begins its next instroke i.e. the compression stroke the rod d
must be prevented from lifting the escape valve head g that is it must be pre-
vented from opening the escape valve K although the rod d is at this moment
moved upwards. This object is effected by causing the rod d to he moved out
n the notch in said heady the rod d catching in the notch on the lever I
and thereby holding same in the position that "Fig. shows where it is kept
fast by the notch in the rod m engaging the nose of the lever I',

page_text: On the next outstroke of the piston the explosion takes place and then the
expansion.
The rod d is now released from the notch and is forced by the spring e back
into the notch g' in a vertical line with the escape valve spindle and head g
as shown in Fig. 4 so that on the rod d being forced against the notch gin
the head thereby the valve K is lifted and is now kept open during the whole
of the scavenging stroke or instroke following the explosion outstroke.
At the same time as the valve K is opened the rod is pressed on the arm m³
of the lever m and lifts this in such a manner that the arm is released after
which the balance lever during the outstroke of the rod d slides back and by
the end of the escape stroke of the piston again takes up the position shown in
Fig. 1 ready for the next cycle. The eyele is now completed.
Through the knob and the lever at the petroleum pump piston during the
opening of the escape valve moves downwards in such a manner that the petroleum
through the tube is forced upwards into the vapouriser or chamber F. The
pump piston is carried back (returned) by the spring a and thereby draws in
the next charge of petroleum.
"
The governor mechanism operates so as to prevent injection of the explosive
mixture into the cylinder A when the motor works too quickly. This takes place
in the following manner:
The spring is so arranged that the tip
working during the upstroke passes the notch
of the bell-crank by normal
in the device R see Fig. 8.
If the working is too quick the weight fastened on one arm of the bell-
crank tries to remain in its original position during the upstroke. The
resistance of the spring of is overcome through same and the bell-crank is moved
so that the arm catches in the notch and lifts the device R (Fig. 3).
The knob through the spring will press the block S against the head
thereby expand the spring much more and consequently the block S will be
carried into the notch and on account hereof during the return of the rod d
keeps the valve K open see Fig. 4.
and
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
I. In four-phase explosion motors, a valve moving mechanism by which the
exhaust valve is only opened every second revolution of the crank-shaft com-
bined arranged and operating substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and as illustrated in the drawings.
2. In petroleum motors, the arrangement in the cylinder cover of two com-
partments D and F the upper one of which forms the vapourising chamber into
which the petroleum is pumped through a nozzle in front of which is formed a
projection formed as a conical point against which the liquid strikes and is
distributed over the whole of the space whereby same is vaporised while the
lower compartment D forms the compression chamber into which the explosion
mixture is forced substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and
as illustrated in the drawings.
3. Explosion motors constructed and arranged to act substantially as and for
the purposes herein before described and as illustrated in the drawings hereunto
annexed.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Southampton Buildings. Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.