IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRAWING OR TURNING UP AND STRAIGHTENING PARAGON WIRE
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Fairbrother, of Sheffield, in the County of
York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRAWING
OR TURNING UP AND STRAIGHTENING PARAGON WIRE."
Sealed the 13th August 1875, and dated the 22nd February 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Fairbrother at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 22nd February 1875.
I, JAMES FAIRBROTHER, of Sheffield, in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR DRAWING OR TURNING UP AND STRAIGHTENING PARAGON
WIRE," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the drawing or turning up and straightening
of paragon wire, and wire of a similar description, and consists of
certain improvements in machinery employed for performing those
operations,

page_text: In carrying out my Invention I pass the wire already flattened by the
usual means through one or more pairs of guide rolls, one or more pairs
of turning-up rolls with grooves turned in their circumference to suit
the section required, and through a pair of finishing dies or rolls, I then
pass it round a grooved wheel, pulley, stationary die or its equivalent
for the purpose of "killing" the wire, or taking out the stiffness or
spring caused by the process of turning up, after which it is passed
through the straightening rolls, as usually constructed, and drawn out to
the required length.
For drawing the wire in long lengths I erect one or more of the
above-described combined machines at each end of a long bench or
bed, supporting and guiding a carriage or slide provided with tongs
or grippers to lay hold of the wire. This slide or carriage works freely
lengthwise on the bench or bed, and is drawn backwards and forwards
from each end alternately by means of suitable gearing having a
reversing motion under the control of the operator. By this means one
or more lengths of wire are drawn at each journey and return journey
of the slide.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Fairbrother in the Great Seal Patent Office 2
on the 21st August 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
FAIRBROTHER, of Sheffield, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the 22nd day of February, in the year of our 2
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-eighth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said James Fairbrother, Her special license
that I, the said James Fairbrother, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said James Fairbrother, my executors, 3
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter, during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the

page_text: lengths of wire are drawn at each journey and return journey of the
carriage.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that
purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of
Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in
all the Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents a side elevation of a machine
for drawing or turning up and straightening paragon wire constructed
according to my Invention, and Figure 2 is a corresponding plan of the
same.
Figure 3 represents a side elevation of a duplex machine consisting
of two machines combined together in order to admit of wire being
drawn during each stroke in opposite directions of the drawing carriage
or slide.
A, A, are the guide rolls; B, B, are the turning-up rolls; C, are the
finishing dies which may be set to the proper position by means of
adjusting screws a, a, and the function of which dies is to complete the
shape or section desired; D, D, are the straightening rolls. The whole
of these parts are mounted on the frame E in any usual or suitable
manner.
¡ According to my Invention the wire after having been drawn through
the rolls A, A, and B, B, and the finishing dies C, is passed round a
grooved wheel F mounted on a pivot carried by a support 6 formed on
or attached to the frame E, which operation has the effect of "killing"
or taking out the "spring" of the wire, caused by the shaping process
to which the wire has been subjected. The wire having been drawn
around the wheel F is then passed through the straightening rolls D, D,
and drawn out to the required length.
Figure 3 illustrates the employment of two of the apparatus herein-
before described in combination, so as to form a duplex machine.
The frames E, E, carrying the apparatus are mounted one at each end
of a bench or bed G provided with standards c, c, supporting rods or
rails H, H, which are intended for the traverse of the drawing carriage
or slide I, the latter being provided with rollers d, d, which run along
the sides of the rails H, H. On the carriage I there is mounted a

page_text: gripper K pivotted at e, and which grips the wire and draws it through
the machine in its finished state as the carriage I is moved along the
rails H, H. The gripper is closed on to the wire so as to grip the same,
and opened in order to liberate the wire by the hand of the operator by
means of a screw f.
The arrangement of the carriage with its accessories and the rails is
shewn on an enlarged scale in Figures 1 and 2.
L (Figure 3) represents one of two revolving drums or pullies which
are mounted on the driving shaft g, and are fitted with clutches to
enable them to be thrown into and out of gear with the shaft 9, as
required. To each of the drums or pullies L, L, there is secured one
end of a wire rope or chain M, the opposite end being attached to the
under side of the carriage I after passing round a grooved pulley N,
one of the drums or pullies L being in gear whilst the other is out
of gear; one length of the rope or chain M is wound up, drawing
with it the carriage I and unwinding the other length of the rope
or chain, after which the drum or pulley L, which is in operation, is
thrown out of gear, and the other drum or pulley L is brought into
action.
The wire to be operated upon having been previously flattened is held
by the swift or reel O; the end is then passed through the guide
rolls A, A, into the turning-up rolls B, B, through the finishing
dies C, around the "killing" wheel F, through the straightening
rolls D, D, and is drawn out by the motion of the carriage I to the
required length, one length of wire being drawn at each stroke and
return stroke of the carriage I by the employment of the duplex
machine, Figure 3.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of
my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be
used or carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion, that what
I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the In-
vention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent is,-
First. The application and use to and in machinery for the manu-
facture of paragon wire from flat wire of a special or auxiliary
killing "wheel or equivalent device, for the purpose of taking out of
the wire previously to its passage through the straightening rolls the
"

page_text: "
spring" caused by the shaping process, substantially as herein-before
described.
Second. The employment of duplex or multiple machines for drawing
out the wire during each stroke in opposite directions of the drawing
carriage or slide, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated
by my Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Fairbrother, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of August,
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
JAMES FAIRBROTHER. (L.S.)