IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR INDICATING AND RECORDING THE HEAT AND PRESSURE OF FLUID EMPLOYED IN STEAM GAS OR AIR ENGINES, APPLICABLE ALSO TO STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Howard Blamires at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th December 1883.
THOMAS HOWARD BLAMIRES of Huddersfield in the County of York
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR INDICATING AND RECORDING THE HEAT AND
PRESSURE OF FLUID EMPLOYED IN STEAM GAS OR AIR ENGINES, APPLICABLE ALSO
TO STEAM BOILERS
"
The object of my Invention is to indicate and record the amount of horse
power of steam, air or gas engines by a combination of instruments for recording
the temperature and pressure, the said instruments comprising a pressure gauge
and a thermometer working in conjunction with or separately from each other,
and also in conjunction with or separately from a recording mechanism whereby I
am enabled to register the varying indications of heat and pressure by Photographic
or mechanical aid or both combined or, in the case of a pressure gauge, by the
movement of a pencil or other instrument somewhat after the manner of the self-
recording Aneroid Barometer some parts of this apparatus being particularly
applicable to be used in combination with the instrument described by me in a
previous application dated December 1st A.D. 1883 N° 5599.
In order to carry out this Invention I employ one or more rollers or drums
caused to rotate by clockwork operated by springs, weights or other means or by
some moving part of the engine. The rollers carry sensitized photographic paper
enclosed in a covering or dark chamber, in front of which is made a slit or opening
so arranged that artificial or dry light is directed (with or without one or more
lens) so as to throw the shadow of the fingers of a pressure gauge or the shadow
of a column of mercury of a Thermometer upon the said sensitized paper, thereby
causing an image, lines or marks to be delineated thereon, the variations of which
lines, marks, or images are produced by the varying temperature and pressure of
the steam, gas or air within the cylinders and inside and outside pipes connected
therewith, from which variations of tomperature and pressure I am enabled at any
time to calculate the horse power indicated by means of well known engineering
tables of heat and pressure which as is well known are terms convertible into each
other. Suitable taps are employed for admitting steam from the various inlet and

page_text: outlet pipes of the engine and from each side of the cylinder to the indicator or
indicators, such taps being operated automatically by means of tappets or other
suitable mechanism driven by clockwork or from some moving part of the engine
or a combination of the two.
The pressure gauge I employ is made preferably to indicate in a straight line
instead of by the ordinary circular face by which means the record is more easily
photographed or the pencil more suitably carried.
By the means herein described I am enabled to open and close the various taps
as desired at intervals or a continuous record may be taken of the heat and
pressure of steam entering and leaving the cylinder of the engine or the pipes
connected therewith.
I do not limit myself in all cases to use the clockwork as in some cases I can use
the pressure gauge or Thermometer separately or together without the photographic
or pencil carrying arrangement and without the clockwork.
In cases where steam engine cylinders are placed too far apart from each other
or other inconvenience I use a second registering instrument to take the combined
pressure and and heat of each cylinder and inlet and outlet pipes connected
.therewith.
The same indications can be registered by the Thermometer or heat indicator or
by means of the pressure gauge separately or combined.
In connection with the pressure gauge instead of registering the indication by
photography the .finger or moving part of the pressure gauge carries a pencil
somewhat similarly arranged to the ordinary steam engine spring indicator or to
the self recording Aneroid Barometer.
By the combined use of the pressure gauge and thermometer, one acts as a
check upon the other or vice versa.
The same apparatus can also be employed in conjunction with the ordinary
steam engine indicator by means of a short pipe or a connection and steam
chamber containing the heat instrument or thermometer, the said steam engine
indicator and thermometer when combined act together as heat and pressure
indicators.
The same apparatus as is herein described can be applied or connected to a
steam boiler so as to register continuously the varying temperatures and pressures
of steam therein,