Improvements in or relating to Metallic Wheels for Vehicles.
Year: 1896

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stands after
Amendment (under Section 11, of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883) as required
by the decision of the Comptroller General of the 1st day of February 1898.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Metallic Wheels for Vehicles.
I, GEORGE CASTLE, of 15 Castle Gate, Newark-on-Trent, in the County of
Nottingham, Cycle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to wheels adapted for various kinds of vehicles, the wheels
being made of metal, but so shaped and constructed as to resemble as much as possible
the ordinary wooden wheels.
In carrying out the invention I form the hub of the wheel by casting or stamping
to the required shape and size, and arrange it so that it need not be provided with a
steel box, although it may be bushed if necessary; usually, however, it is sufficient
to case-harden the bearing surfaces.
The hub is provided with a number of studs, which 'may be hollow or solid
studs, which may be stamped or cast when the hub is made. Upon each of these is
placed a tubular spoke, of any desired section, but in order to carry out the
resemblance to a wooden spoke, I prefer to make them oval. The spoke is secured to
the stud in any desired manner, preferably by brazing.
The rim is made of metal, preferably of channel section, so as to receive a tyre-
pneumatic, solid rubber or metal-or the rim itself may be adapted for running on
the road, without the intervention of a tyre. The rim is provided at its inner side
with a number of projecting studs to receive the outer ends of the spokes. These
studs may be pressed or cast when the rim is made, or they may be separate pieces,
and they are preferably tubular on account of lightness. If they are separate they
may be formed as short tubes with flanges, the flanges fitting in the channel of the
rim, and being fastened therein by brazing, welding or the like. The hollow
spokes fit preferably outside these tubular studs, and may be brazed to them, and
the wheel is then substantially complete.
The studs upon the hub may be arranged in the same line, but preferably are
arranged in two rings, so as to widen the bearing base of the spokes of the hub.
Dated this 1st day of September 1896.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant."

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Metallic Wheels for Vehicles.
I, GEORGE CASTLE, of 15 Castle Gate, Newark-on-Trent, in the County of
Nottingham, Cycle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained, in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to wheels, adapted for various kinds of vehicles, the wheels
being made of metal; but so shaped and constructed, as to simulate as much as
possible, the ordinary wooden wheels.
In carrying out the invention, I form the hub of the wheel, by casting or stamping
it to the required shape and size, and arrange it, so that it need not be provided with
a steel box, although it may be bushed if necesary; usually, however, it is sufficient
to case-harden the bearing surfaces.
The hub is provided with a number of hollow or solid studs, which are stamped
or cast, when the hub is made. Upon each of these, is placed a tubular spoke, of any
desired section; but in order to closely simulate a wooden spoke, the section of spoke
is preferably oval. The spoke is secured to the stud, in any desired manner,
preferably by brazing.
The rim is made of metal, preferably of channel section, so as to receive a tyre,-
pneumatic, solid rubber, or metal; or the rim itself may be adapted for running
on the road; without the intervention of a tyre. The rim is provided, at its
inner side, with a number of projecting studs, to receive the outer end of the
spokes. These studs are pressed or cast, when the rim is being formed; and are
preferably tubular for securing lightness. The hollow spokes fit preferably out-
side these tubular studs, and may be brazed to them, the wheel being then sub-
stantially complete.
The studs upon the hub may be arranged in one vertical plane, but, preferably
are arranged in two rings upon the hub so as to widen the bearing base of the
spokes provided by the hub.
The attached drawings illustrate one form of wheel constructed according to this
invention.
:
Figure 1 is an end view of the wheel partly in elevation, partly in section,
the rim being further broken away on the lower side and some of the lower spokes
removed.
Figure 2 is a side view of the complete wheel in elevation.
Like letters refer to like parts in both Figures.
A is a hub made of malleable cast iron with a large internal portion A¹ hollowed
out for the sake of lightness there being constrictions with parallel faces at each
end, shown at A2. I do not confine myself to the use of parallel faces, but, when
preferred, may make these faces screwed or taper to receive bushes or to run on
cones or other suitable arrangement for bearing surfaces. The studs to which the
spokes are to be affixed are shown at A3, those in this drawing being placed
alternately at opposite sides or edges of the hub in order to obtain a wide base
for the spokes and are accordingly placed at an inclination from the vertical in
order that the outer ends of the spokes which fit tightly upon them may be
approximately in one vertical plane.
These studs or projections A may be either hollow or solid and the spokes may
be fitted either outside the hollow or solid studs or inside the hollow ones.
B is a tubular spoke of oval cross section. The cross section of the spokes may be
anything desired, and I do not confine myself to tubular spokes, but where weight is
no drawback I may make the spokes solid for their entire length or a portion of it.

page_text: When solid throughout their length their ends would fit into hollow studs both on
the rim and on the hub.
C is the metal rim, provided with a channel C¹ for the sake of lightness and for
the reception of a suitable tyre, and with studs C2 projecting inwardly towards the
hub, the outer ends of the spokes B being affixed to these studs C. These studs,
equally with those on the hub, may be either hollow or solid and these may be
hollow when those on the hub are solid and vice versa, or both may be hollow or
both solid.
The rim may be of the section shown at C or it may be of any suitable section
combining lightness and strength or it may be of heavy cross section, when weight
at that part is desirable. When it is intended to run without the addition of a tyre
the channel C' need not be formed in it.
If preferable I may form either the hub A, or the rim C, or both, of more than
one piece for convenience in construction, the various pieces of the hub being in that
case securely attached to one another by bolts passing through lugs formed on the
pieces or through the pieces themselves, or the pieces may be connected together in
any well known manner resulting in one rigid whole.
In this specification, and the claims which follow, it is understood thats the
studs A3 and C are respectively portions of the same metal of which the hub and
rim are composed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The complete metal wheel substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
2. In a wheel a metal hub having projections such as A3 round the periphery for
the reception of metal spokes substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
3. In a wheel a metal rim having inwardly projecting studs such as C2 for the
reception of the outer ends of spokes substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
4. In a metal wheel the use of tubular metal spokes of a similar shape and
appearance as the wooden spokes of ordinary wheels having in cross section' a
major axis substantially longer than the minor axis substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
5. A metal wheel hub having a hollow space such as A¹ and tapered or parallel
faces such as A2 turned and case hardened substantially as and for the purpose
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 25th day of June 1897.
GEORGE CASTLE.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.