Improvements in Wheel Tyres.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 4th July, 1891-Accepted, 8th Aug., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wheel Tyres.
I CHARLES CHALLINER of 15 Plymouth Avenue, Longsight, Manchester in
the County of Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:
My said invention relates to the tyres of wheels for application to wheeled vehicles
and consists in improvements upon a former invention for which Letters Patent
No. 10819 of 1888 have been granted to me. In the said former invention I
described a novel mode of applying insulated rubber tyres to wheels in which a
rubber ring was interposed between the trough shaped ring on the felly of the
wheel a hoop of steel being interposed between the outer periphery of the said
rubber ring and the outer embracing metal tyre. The said steel hoop was vulcanised
to the rubber ring and besides protecting and stiffening the periphery of the rubber
ring the hoop kept the rubber from being burned or injured during the shrinking
on of the outer metal tyre. In carrying my said former invention into effect Ï
have found that in some cases and especially in the lighter classes of wheels a
substitute or substitutes for the said stiffening and protecting steel hoop might
with advantage be used. For example I might apply in place of the said steel
hoop a thickness of hardened rubber or so called "ebonite." This thickness of
hardened rubber or cbonite might be formed in one with or cemented or vulcanized
to the outer periphery of the soft rubber ring and to give it greater security in
cases where it is independently applied I might form it with an internal rib entering
a similar annular recess in the periphery of the soft rubber ring or with a number
of projections entering similar recesses in the rubber ring. In lieu of ebonite or
hard rubber I might use any other material or compound having the requisite
toughness and protecting qualities or I might apply a hoop of hard wood. The
soft rubber ring is contained in a trough shaped metal ring secured to the felly of
the wheel the said trough ring having either straight or under-cut or over-hanging
sides or the rubber ring might bed upon a flat metal ring without sides. The
rubber ring and hoop might be applied whole or in sections. In railway, tramway,
trolly and other wheels where the wheel is entirely of metal and in some instances
where the wheel is built of wood the sides of the trough might be composed of
removable rings or the wheel might be split and the two halves applied and bolted
together so as to embrace and hold the rubber ring.
Dated this 6th day of October 1890.
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James' Square, Manchester, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wheel Tyres.
1 CHARLES CHALLINER of 15 Plymouth Avenue, Longsight, Manchester in
the County of Lancaster Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings :-
My said invention relates to the tyres of wheels for application to wheeled
vehicles and consists in improvements upon a former invention for which Letters
In the said former invention
Patent No. 10819 of 1888 have been granted to me.
1 described a novel mode of applying insulated rubber tyres to wheels in which a
rubber ring was interposed between the trough shaped ring on the felly of the

page_text: wheel a hoop of steel being interposed between the outer periphery of the said
rubber ring and the outer embracing metal tyre. The said steel hoop was
vulcanised to the rubber ring and besides protecting and stiffening the periphery
of the rubber ring the hoop kept the rubber from being burned or injured during
the shrinking on of the outer metal tyre. In carrying my said former invention
into effect have found that in some cases and especially in the lighter classes of
wheels a substitute or substitutes for the said stiffening and protecting steel hoop
might with advantage be used. For example might apply in place of the said
steel hoop a thickness of hardened rubber or so called "ebonite." This thickness
of hardened rubber or ebonite might be formed in one with or cemented or
vulcanised to the outer periphery of the soft rubber ring and to give it greater
security in cases where it is independently applied. I might form it with an
internal rib entering a similar annular recess in the periphery of the soft rubber
ring or with a number of projections entering similar recesses in the rubber ring.
In lieu of ebonite or hard rubber I might use any other material or compound
having the requisite toughness and protecting qualities or I might apply a hoop of
hard wood. The soft rubber ring is contained in a trough shaped metal ring
secured to the felly of the wheel, the said trough ring having either straight or
under-cut or over-hanging sides. The rubber ring and hoop might be applied
whole or in sections. In railway tramway trolly and other wheels where the wheel
is entirely of metal and in some instances where the wheel is built of wood the sides
of the trough might be composed of removable rings or the wheel might be split
and the two halves applied and bolted together so as to embrace and hold the
rubber ring.
To render my invention more clear I have annexed a drawing which is a
sectional view of a wheel felly to which a rubber tyre of my improved construction
is shown applied.
"
In the said drawing the felly is marked a. The part is one of the spokes.
Upon the felly I shrink or otherwise attach a trough shaped metal ring c which may
be either in one piece as shown in the drawing or may have one of the sides
removable and attachable by means of bolts, screws, or other fastenings. The said
trough shaped ring c contains a rubber ring the inner part or base of which
is of soft vulcanised rubber while the outer periphery d is composed of "ebonite "
or hardened rubber. This hardened ebonite "periphery d may be formed in one
piece with the softer portion d of the rubber or it may be cemented or vulcanised
to the outer periphery of the soft rubber ring or base by processes well known to
rubber manufacturers. To give the "ebonite" periphery & greater security
especially in cases where it is independently applied, I might form it with a rib
or with inclined sides as shown in the drawing so as to enter partly into the soft
rubber or it might be made with a number of isolated projections entering similarly
shaped recesses in the softer rubber portion d. Instead of forming the portion
of hardened rubber or " ebonite as described I might use other materials or
compounds having the requisite toughness and protecting qualities such for example
as "xylonite "whaleite "woodite or the like or I might apply a hoop of hard
wood. As in my aforesaid former Patent to bind the whole firmly together and to
protect the periphery from wear 1 shrink on the metal tyre e. The tyre e is
preferably but not necessarily formed with a rib on its internal circumference as
shown which enters a groove in the hoop and thus prevents side-long movement
of the tyre. I find in practice that in shrinking on this outer metal tyre the hot
metal burns a seat for itself on the hoop and makes a close joint all round. In
addition to this the rubber cushion portion d always tends to press the "ebonite"
or other hoop d' against the inner circumference of the tyre e and this joined to
the comparative elasticity of the hoop d' itself, always tends to preserve a perfect
joint between the hoop and tyre so that the tyre cannot work loose a defect which
sometimes becomes apparent owing to the metal to metal contact which ensued
under my former Patent where a metal hoop was used. The trough shaped metal
ringe may either have straight sides as shown or it may have under-cut or over-

page_text: hanging sides. The rubber ring and hoop may be applied as a continuous ring or
in sections. In railway, tramway trolly and other wheels where the wheel is
entirely of metal and in some instances as aforesaid where the wheel is built of
wood one or both of the sides of the trough shaped ring might be composed of
removable rings or the wheel might be split and the two halves applied and bolted
together so as to embrace and hold the rubber ring.
It will be understood that although I have given an illustration of a useful
application of my invention, I do not confine myself to the particular mode of
utilising my invention set down in the foregoing Specification and illustrated in the
drawing. For example the rubber ring might be secured to the felly without the
interposition of the trough shaped ring and various forms of metal tyre other than
the solid metal tyre e might be used. For example I might use a tyre having in
itself elastic qualities such for instance as a round or flattened coiled metal spring.
In other words the gist of my invention lies primarily in the combination of the
soft elastic rubber cushion base d with the hoop or periphery d' of hardened rubber,
"ebonite," "xylonite," "woodite," or other similar or suitable material or compound,
or of wood, whether forming a homogeneous part of the rubber ring or separately
applied thereto for the purposes set forth. The particular methods of applying
and utilising the said compound ring may be greatly varied beyond the examples
which I have indicated without departing from the spirit of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
27
1. A compound cushion ring for application to the fellies of wheels and composed
of a base of elastic rubber with a surrounding hoop of hardened rubber or
" ebonite ""xylonite
"woodite ""whaleite or other similar or suitable material
or compound or of wood in combination with any suitable outer metal tyre
substantially as described and as partly illustrated.
2. The combination of parts comprising an elastic tread for a wheel and consisting
of a trough shaped metal ring c secured to or forming part of the felly of a wheel
and containing the aforesaid compound cushion ring dd with an outer surrounding
metal tyre e substantially as described and as illustrated.
Dated this 3rd day of July 1891
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James' Square, Manchester, Agents.