Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres for Cycles and other Vehicles.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Apr.. 1894-Accepted, 19th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres for Cycles and other
Vehicles.
We, CHARLES KINGSTON WELCH, of The Hollies, Eaton Road, Coventry, in
the County of Warwickshire, Engineer, and HARVEY DU CROS, Chairman of the
Pneumatic Tyre and Booths Cycle Agency Limited, of Oriel House, Westland
Row, Dublin, in the County of Dublin, Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to pneumatic tyres for cycles and other vehicles and has
for its chief object to provide an improved form of closure tyre, that is to say, a
tyre which when punctured will not let the air out but will immediately operate
to close the aperture.
In carrying out our invention in the preferred manner we so construct the tyre
cover, that is to say, that part which encloses the inflatable tube and comes in contact
with the ground, that it will have some part thereof in a state of compression
even when the tyre is inflated. Said compressed portion operates to prevent escape
of air when punctured. Our improved cover is made up of one or more layers of
a suitable inextensible fabric, for example suitably woven canvas, silk or the like
either woven in a curved form or made up from strips of fabric and having a
rubber facing on both sides. The rubber covering on the outer side thereof is
intended to withstand the wear on the ground and may be made in some cases
thicker than that on the inside. Said cover can be applied to many forms of
pneumatic tyres. As applied to the Dunlop detachable tyre for example we
prepare an inextensible jacket preferably woven and formed to the desired curved
shape, and on each side of this we solution a rubber cover. The said rubber
covers may have the same or different thicknesses. One of said covers is solutioned
on the jacket in a state of compression which may be conveniently effected as
follows, that is to say, the rubber may be solutioned on while the jacket is curved
transversely and preferably also circumferentially and then the jacket be turned
inside out or reversed. The compressed rubber when so turned forms the inner
lining of the tyre. The outer rubber covering is then solutioned on, thus
completing the tyre cover. In some cases instead of solutioning the cover and
lining to the inextensible fabric, the whole may be vulcanized together. We prefer
that the surfaces of the tube and cover shall be smooth where they come into
contact. The cover is used in the ordinary manner, and the inflatable tube when
expanded presses tightly against the compressed inner lining of the cover.
Should the tyre be punctured the hole unless very large will immediately close
up and prevent escape of air therethrough while the pressure of the inflated tube
against the lining of the cover will prevent escape of air towards the should
any escape through the puncture.
rim,
We have found that the closure is effected more certainly if a small quantity of
liquid or better still a viscid substance that will not attack the rubber, is introduced
into the tube before inflating saine. We therefore introduce a little water, treacle,
glycerine, soap and water or other suitable liquid or viscid substance into the tube
for the said purpose.
Should the closure fail as for instance when the puncture is very large, the inner
The whole can
tube can be removed and the cover repaired in the usual manner.
then be replaced and the tube re-inflated.
We may in some instances construct the tyre that the inner rubber covering is
not in compression.

page_text: In some cases it is desirable to render the rim air tight by suitably covering the
spoke heads or by soldering same to prevent leakage thereat. The valve joint also
inay be rendered air tight in the same manner.
This improved closure tyre may be used for cabs and other heavy vehicles as
well as for cycles.
Dated this 23rd day of June 1893
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres for Cycles and other
Vehicles.
We, CHARLES KINGSTON WELCH, of The Hollies, Eaton Road, Coventry, in
the County of Warwickshire, Engineer, and HARVEY DU CROS, Chairman of
the Pneumatic Tyre and Booth's Cycle Agency, Limited, of Oriel House,
Westland Row, Dublin, in the County of Dublin, Ireland, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to pneumatic tyres for cycles and other vehicles and has
for its chief object to provide an improved form of closure tyre, that is to say, a
tyre which when punctured will not let the air out but will immediately operate to
close the aperture.
In carrying out our invention in the preferred manner we so construct the tyre
cover, that is to say, that part which encloses the inflatable tube and comes in
contact with the ground, that it will have some part thereof in a state of com-
pression even when the tyre is inflated. Said compressed portion operates to
prevent escape of air when punctured. Our improved cover is made up of one or
more layers of a suitable inextensible fabric, for example suitably woven canvas,
silk or the like, either woven in a curved form or made up from strips of fabric
and having a rubber facing on both sides. The rubber covering on the outer side
thereof is intended to withstand the wear on the ground and may be made in some
cases thicker than that on the inside. Such cover can be applied to many forms
of pneumatic tyres. As applied to the Dunlop detachable tyre for example we
prepare an inextensible jacket preferably woven and formed to the desired curved
shape, and on each side of this we solution a rubber cover. The rubber covers
may have the same or different thicknesses and one or both of said covers may be
solutioned on the jacket in a state of compression. One method of conveniently
effecting this is as follows, that is to say, the rubber is solutioned on while the
jacket is curved transversely and preferably also circumferentially and then the
jacket is turned inside out or reversed. The compressed rubber when so turned
forms the inner lining of the tyre. The outer rubber covering which may likewise
be in compression in some cases is then solutioned on, thus completing the tyre
cover. In some cases instead of solutioning the cover and lining to the inextensible
fabric, the whole may be vulcanised together. We prefer that the surfaces of the
tube and cover shall be smooth where they come into contact. The cover is used
in the ordinary manner, and the inflatable tube when expanded presses tightly
against the compressed inner lining of the cover. Should the tyre be punctured,
the hole unless very large will immediately close up and prevent escape of air
therethrough while the pressure of the inflated tube against the lining of the
cover will prevent escape of air towards the rim, should any escape through the
puncture.
In order that our invention may be more readily understood we will proceed to
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings which are sections
of a Dunlop detachable tyre and rim.

page_text: Figure 1 illustrates a tyre with a thick covering of rubber outside the canvas or
inextensible jacket.
Figure 2 is a section of a tyre with a thin outer rubber covering.
Like letters denote similar parts in the two figures.
A is the air tube, B the inner rubber cover, C the canvas or other inextensible
jacket, D the outer rubber cover and Ę the rim.
In both figures the short transverse lines on the inner cover B are intended to
shew that the rubber is in compression. The outer cover in both illustration is
in its normal state, but it may be of compressed rubber as aforesaid.
In Figure 1 the dotted lines shew the position of the inner rubber cover B
and the inextensible jacket C before the outer cover is solutioned to the
jacket. The inner cover is solutioned to the jacket and then the whole turned
back or reversed, by this means the inner cover is brought into a compressed
state. The outer cover is now solutioned on the jacket either in a compressed
state or not.
Other means than those described for compressing the inner cover may be used
if desired.
We have found that the closure is effected more certainly if a small quantity of
liquid or better still a viscid substance that will not attack the rubber is introduced
into the tube before inflating same. We therefore introduce a little water, treacle,
glycerine, soap and water or other suitable liquid or viscid substance into the tube
for the said purpose.
Should the closure fail as for instance when the puncture is very large, the inner
tube can be removed and the cover repaired in the usual manner. The whole can
then be replaced and the tube re-inflated.
We may in some instances so construct the tyre that the inner rubber covering
is not in compression.
In some cases it is desirable to render the rim air tight by suitably covering the
spoke heads or by soldering same to prevent leakage thereat. The valve joint
also may be rendered air-tight in the same manner.
The above described inner and outer rubber coverings may be applied to other
descriptions of tyre than that shewn in the drawings and we find it especially
useful for tyres used with cabs and heavy vehicles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a pneumatic tyre, a cover comprising an inner lining of compressed
rubber, an intermediate jacket of inextensible fabric, and an outer rubber cover
which may or may not be in compression, the rubber portions being solutioned to
the jacket or vulcanized therewith, substantially as described, for the purpose
specified.
2. The combination with a cover such as described in the preceding claiming
clause, of a detachable air tube, and with or without a liquid or viscid substance
placed in the air tube or between the air tube and the cover, substantially as
described, for the purpose specified.
3. A pneumatic tyre constructed substantially as described with reference to
either of the accompanying drawings.
Doted this 02-11
A
1004
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, Loudon, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.