Improvements in Lining Packages, and in Apparatus employed therefor.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Dec., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 16th Sept., 1898-Accepted, 12th Nov., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lining Packages, and in Apparatus employed
therefor.
We, JOHN HARGREAVES, of Widnes, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist,
RICHARD ARMSTRONG, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Soap Manufacturer,
and JAMES HARGREAVES, of Widnes, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
*
The object of our invention is to coat packages of paper, wood or other like
organic materials or it may be metal used for the purpose of containing
nitrates, chlorates of the alkalies, or alkaline earths, chloride of lime, disinfectants,
soft soap and like substances, so as to prevent actual contact with, and injurious
reaction upon, the "organic" materials or metal forming the package; and also
to provide apparatus to be employed in the preparation of the said packages.
Under our invention we employ a solution of silicate of soda or soluble glass,
of suitable composition, density, temperature, and more particularly when applied
to small packages, in manner to rapidly apply, and form when dried, a hard coat-
ing of inorganic material to efficiently prevent actual contact between the package
and its contents.
"
When finished package is to contain soft soap or other moist or pasty materials
which would soften or dissolve said coating, we apply soloution of earthy or other
suitable salt before or subsequent to coating surface of package with solution of
silicate of soda or soluble glass. Large packages, such as casks or boxes may be
provided with an inner lining of paper or like material, the same being coated with
soloution of silicate of soda or soluble glass before or after insertion in package.
Apparatus for applying soloution of silicate of soda or soluble glass to surfaces
of packages more particularly for small packages may consist of a pipe or con-
duit, which may be provided with suitable arrangements for heating said soloution,
preferably as it is being conveyed under suitable pressure and injected against the
interior surface of the package by means of a jet "rose" or the like; said soloution
is preferably injected vertically and laterally, and the package to be coated in-
verted over said jet, rose or the like from which said soloution is ejected; or,
a brush or brushes made of suitable materials and placed at, or near, end of said
jet, may be caused to revolve by mechanical means in manner to efficiently cover
said soloution over the inside surface of said package. Under one method, ejection
of said soloution may be regulated by means of a valve caused to open by and con-
jointly with, placing the package over jet, "rose" or the like; means being pro-
vided for automatically stopping ejection of said soloution upon removal of package.
Like appliances may also be used for subsequently treating coated package with
said soloution of earthy or other suitable salt.
66
"
""
Suitable arrangements are provided for readily removing and cleaning the said
jet, rose or like mechanical appliances, or other portions of the apparatus
coming in contact with said soloution of silicate of soda or soluble glass. Suitable

page_text: means are also provided for collecting excess of said soloution of silicate of soda
or earthy salts running from packages into which it is injected.
Dated this 7th day of December -1897.
JOHN HARGREAVES.
RICHARD ARMSTRONG,
JAMES HARGREAVES.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
741 Au
.
Improvements in Lining Packages, and in Apparatus employed
therefor.
We, JOHN HARGREAVES, of Widnes, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist,
RICHARD ARMSTRONG, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Soapr Manufacturer,
and JAMES HARGREAVES, of Widnes, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist,, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement;
-
The object of our invention is to line or coat packages, cases, boxes, casks, or
like containers of paper, wood or other like organic materials, or it may be metal
used for the purpose of containing nitrates, chlorates of the alkalies, or alkaline
earths, chloride of lime, disinfectants, soft soap, and like substances, so as to pre-
vent actual contact of such substances with, and injurious reaction upon the
organic materials or metals forming the package, and also to provide apparatus
to be employed in the preparation of the said packages.
:
Under our invention we employ, for lining or coating packages, cases, casks or
like containers, a solution of silicate of soda or soluble glass, of suitable composition;
density, temperature, and, more particularly when used for small packages, in a
manner in which it can be rapidly applied so as to form when dried, a hard-coating
of inorganic material which will efficiently prevent actual contact between the
package or other container and its contents.
""
In practice we find good results to be obtained by applying in the cold, to the
interior surface of a package or container, a solution of an alkaline silicate of
soda of about 100° Twdl., or a solution of neutral silicate of about 75° Twdl.
T
When the finished package is to contain soft soap or other pasty or like material
which would soften or dissolve the said lining we apply a solution of an earthy.
salt, such as chloride of calcium, preferably at about 20° Twdl. or other suitable
salt may be employed either before or subsequent to lining the surface of the
package with silicate of soda or soluble glass so as to render such lining insoluble.
or to prevent softening. The silicate of soda or soluble glass is hereinafter referred
to as silicate solution."
• F ;
Large packages such as casks or boxes may be provided with an inner lining of
paper or other suitable material upon which the lining of silicate solution is
applied either before or after insertion in the cask or box.
เ
In forming small packages or boxes of cardboard or the like the said cardboard
or the like may if desired be coated with the silicate solution before being folded
to form packages. When paper is employed to form small packages, we preferably
coat the surface of several sheets of paper with silicate solution, and whilst wet
or moist place the sheets of paper together in two or more thicknesses so as 'to
form when dry a stiff package.
D
Silicate solution may be used if desired for sealing (and affixing labels to
packages.

page_text: A brush or the like may be used for applying the silicate solution to large
packages such as casks. To coat metal packages, such as iron drums, or fabrics
such as sacks, we prefer to immerse the said metal packages, or fabrics in the
silicate solution.
Apparatus for applying the solution of silicate of soda or soluble glass to sur-
faces of packages more particularly for small packages may consist of a pipe or
conduit, which may be provided with any suitable arrangements for heating said
solution, preferably as it is being conveyed under suitable pressure to be injected
against the interior surface of the package by means of a rose jet or the like.
The said solution is preferably injected vertically and laterally and the package
to be coated is inverted over said rose jet or the like: or a brush or brushes made
of any suitable material and placed at or near the end of said jet may be caused to
revolve by mechanical means in such manner as to cause the said solution to be
equally distributed over the inside surface of said package. The ejection of the
said solution may be regulated by means of a valve caused to open automatically
by, and conjointly with, the placing the package over the rose jet, or the like,
the valve being caused to shut automatically on removal of the package thus
stopping ejection of said solution. Like appliances may also be used for treating
the package with the said solution of earthy or other suitable salt.
Suitable arrangements such as screws or unions are provided so that the rose jet
or like mechanical appliances, or other portions of the apparatus coming in contact
with said solution of silicate of soda or soluble glass may be readily removed for
cleaning. Suitable means such as a tank are also provided for collecting any
excess of the said solution of silicate of soda or earthy salt which may run from
packages into which it is injected.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. Lining or coating packages or like containers with a solution of silicate of
soda or soluble glass for the purpose and substantially as described.
2. Lining or coating packages or like containers with a solution of silicate of
soda or soluble glass and an earthy salt substantially as and for the purpose
described.
Dated this 14th day of September 1898.
JOHN HARGREAVES.
RICHARD ARMSTRONG.
JAMES HARGREAVES.