ConsIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WRITING COUNTERPANES, Опита AND OTHER SIMILAR FABRICS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Nuttall and Richard Nuttall, both of
Walmslev, near Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers.
for the Turention of is Come To C
37
for the Invention of "ConsIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WRITING COUNTERPANES,
Опита AND OTHER SIMILAR FABRICS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Nuttall and
Richard Nuttall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 22nd June 1869.
We, THOMAS NUTTALL and RICHARD NUTTALL, both of Walmsley,
near Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
WEAVING COUNTERPANES, QUILTS, AND OTHER SIMILAR FABRIOS," to be as
follows:-
The first part of our Invention consists in weaving figures on double
cloths and on both sides of such cloths simultaneously. We employ
for this purpose a loom of the ordinary description having a fine and
a coarse warp, and also shuttles with fine and coarse weft; we also

page_text: employ a jacquard apparatus and three cumber boards of the usual
construction.
Our Invention consists in an improved tie-up or design for governing
the arrangement of drawing the warps through the harness, and the
order of succession of the picking, whereby a double figured fabric is
produced having on one side a design and at the opposite side a plain
or twilled fabric, and vice versa; the two parts of the double fabric are
also united at suitable intervals by binding picks.
The second part of our Invention consists in an improved mode of
weaving counterpanes and other similar fabrics in which the tie-up is
aranged to produce a peculiar design of honeycomb figure and a welt
or ribbed ground of different sizes. For this purpose we use an ordinary
loom with two warps of fine yarn and shuttles with fine and coarse weft.
The third part of our Invention consists in a tie-up for producing a
compound fabric having a design on cach side produced by interweaving
cords and twilled or plain surfaces, the interweaving cords at one side
corresponding to the twilled or plain surfaces on the reverse side, and
vice versa. For producing this improved fabric wo use a cord and a plain
warp, and similar wefts.
The fourth part of our Invention consists in an improved tie-up for
producing a fabric having a design on each side, the raised part of
one design corresponding to the ground part of the other. This fabric is
produced by two warps of fine yarn and two shuttles of coarse and fine
weft.
The last part of our Invention consists in an improved tie-up for
producing fabrics with a corresponding pattern on both sides, and in
varying the pattern or design by shifting the jacquard cylinder without
moving the cards, or moving the cards forward or backward without
moving the cylinder.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Nuttall and Richard Nuttall in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 20th October 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
NUTTALL aud RICHARD NUTTALL, both of Walmsley, near Bury, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Thomas Nuttall and Richard Nuttall, Her
special license that we, the said Thomas Nuttall and Richard Nuttall,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Thomas Nuttall and Richard Nuttall, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING COUNTERPANES,
QUILTS, AND OTHER SIMILAR FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that WC,
the said Thomas Nuttall and Richard Nuttall, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of our or their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Nuttall and Richard Nuttall,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say) :—
The first part of our Invention consists in weaving figures on double
cloths and on both sides of such cloth simultaneously. We employ
for this purpose a loom of the ordinary description having a fine and a
coarse warp and also shuttles with fine and coarse weft; we also employ
a jacquard apparatus and three cumber boards of the usual construction.
In performing our Invention we employ an improved tie-up or design
for governing the arrangement of drawing the warps through tho
harness and the order of succession of the picking, whereby a double
figured fabric is produced having on one side a design and at the
opposite side a plain or twilled fabric, and vice versa; the two parts of
the double fabric are also united at suitable intervals by binding
Dicks.

page_text: The second part of our Invention consists in an improved mode of
weaving counterpanes and other similar fabrics in which the tie-up is
arranged to produce a peculiar design of honeycomb figure and a welt
or ribbed ground of different sizes. For this purpose we use an ordinary
loom with two warps of fine yarn and shuttles with fine and coarse
weft.
The third part of our Invention consists in a tie-up for producing a
compound fabric having a design on each side produced by interweaving
cords and twilled or plain surfaces, the interweaving cords at one side
corresponding to the twilled or plain surfaces on the reverse side, and
vice versa. For producing this improved fabric we use a cord and a plain
warp and similar wefts.
The fourth part of our Invention consists in an improved tie-up for
producing a fabric having a design on each side, the raised part of one
design corresponding to the ground part of the other. This fabric is
produced by two warps of fine yarn and two shuttles of coarse and fine
weft, or one shuttle with the required weft.
The last part of our Invention consists in an improved tie-up for
producing fabrics with a corresponding pattern on both sides, and in
varying the pattern or design by moving the cards one forward or one
backward without moving the loom, this fabric can be produced with
one or two shuttles.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation we will proceed to describe the accompanying
Sheet of Diagrams, which represent the draughts and tie-ups for
producing our improved fabrics.
The diagrams, Figures 1, 2, and 3, illustrate the mode of drawing the
warp threads through the harness and for picking the shuttles in a
loom of the ordinary description having a fine and a coarse warp and
shuttles with fine and coarse weft, also a jacquard apparatus and three
cumber boards of the usual construction. These diagrams are adapted
to produce a double figured fabric having on one side a design and at
the opposite side a plain or twilled fabric, and vice versa, the two parts
of the double fabric being united at intervals by binding picks. In Figure 1
the horizontal lines represent the three tappets and the six vertical lines
are the weft; Figure 2 represents the draught for drawing the warp

page_text: threads through the harness; Figure 3 represents the order of succession
in which the harness is tied to the hooks in the jacquard machine; and
the design Figure 4 represents the order of succession in which the hooks
are lifted in the jacquard machine, and also the order of succession in
which the shuttles are picked with reference to Figure 1.
In preparing the loom for producing the fabric above referred to the
harness or cumber boards are tied up to thirty hooks in the jacquard
machine (that is to say), ten hooks for the first two rows in the first
cumber board, and ten hooks for the remainder of the first cumber board
and ten hooks for the second and third cumber boards. The threads in
the second and third cumber boards have knots made on them for lifting
a portion of the warp threads by the tappet at the same time that
another portion is lifted by the jacquard. The knots are made on the
threads at an equal distance from the mails, and they must be sufficiently
large not to enter the holes in the cumber boards. The binding warp
and the first ten hooks in Figure 4 may be dispensed with by leaving the
fabrics loose between the figures.
The diagrams, Figures 5, 6, and 7, illustrate the mode of weaving
counterpanes and other similar fabrics having a peculiar honeycomb
figure and a welt or ribbed ground in an ordinary loom with two warps
of fine yarn, and shuttles with fine and coarse weft. In Figure 5 the
three horizontal lines represent the tappets and the eight vertical lines
are the weft; Figure 6 represents the draught for drawing the warp
threads through the harness; and Figure 7 represents the order of
succession in which the harness is tied to the hooks in the jacquard
machine; and the design Figure 8 represents the order of succession in
which the hooks are lifted in the jacquard machine and also the order of
succession in which the shuttles are picked with reference to Figure 5.
The harness is tied up to eighteen hooks in the jacquard machine, that
is to say, nine hooks for the first cumber board and nine hooks for the
second and third cumber boards. The threads in the second and third
cumber boards are to be knotted in the manner described in reference to
Figures 1, 2, and 3.
The diagrams, Figures 9, 10, and 11, illustrate the mode of weaving
a compound fabric having a design on each side produced by inter-
weaving cords on one side corresponding to the twilled or plain surface
on the reverse side, and vice versa. For this compound fabric we use

page_text: seven cumber boards, a cord warp, and a plain warp, and similar wefts.
The harness is tied up to twenty-six hooks, that is to say, thirteen for
the first cumber board and thirteen for each of the six other cumber
boards. The threads in the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh
cumber boards are to be knotted in the manner described in reference to
Figures 1, 2, and 3.
The design Figure 12 represents the order of succession in which the
hooks are lifted in the jacquard machine and also the order of succession
in which the shuttles are picked with reference to Figure 9.
The diagrams, Figures 13, 14, and 15, illustrate the mode of weaving
another of our improved fabrics having a design on each side, the raised
part of one design corresponding to the ground part of the other. This
fabric is produced in a loom with three cumber boards, and with two
warps of fine yarn and two shuttles of coarse and fine weft, or one
shuttle with the required weft.
The design Figure 16 represents the order of succession in which the
hooks are lifted in the jacquard machine, and also the order of succession
in which the shuttles are picked with reference to Figure 13. The
twelve picks in this design are all coarse weft, and must have one pick
of fine weft between each coarse pick. The harness cumber boards arc
tied up to nineteen hooks in the jacquard machine and the healds are
worked by the tappets. The threads must be knotted in the manner
described with reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3.
The diagrams, Figures 17, 18, and 19, represent a modification in the
mode of weaving the fabrics described in reference to Figures 13, 14,
and 15. In this instance the harness is tied up to thirty-eight hooks,
that is to say, nineteen hooks from the first and second cumber boards
and nineteen from the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cumber boards.
The threads in all the cumber boards are to be knotted as described in
reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3.
The design Figure 20 represents the order of succession in which
thic hooks are lifted in the jacquard machine, and also the order in which
the shuttles are picked with reference to Figure 17. The twelve picks
in this design are all coarse weft, and must have one pick of fine weft
between each coarse weft.
The diagrams, Figures 21 and 22, represent the draught and tie-up for
producing our improved fabrics with a corresponding pattern on both

page_text: sides, and in varying the pattern or design by moving the cards one
forward or one backward without moving the loom. This improved
fabric can be produced in a loom with two warps and with either one or
two shuttles. The harness is tied up to thirty-eight hooks in the
jacquard machine, that is to say, nineteen hooks from the first cumber
board and nineteen hooks from the second cumber board. The jacquard
machine is lifted by the crank or eccentric. The pattern may be varied
cither by shifting the cards, as above described, or by changing the
shuttles so as to move the fine weft on the other shift.
The design Figure 23 represents the order of succession in which the
hooks are lifted in the jacquard machine, and also the order in which
the shuttles are picked.
In weaving all the fabrics above described the lifting of the cumber
boards and the ticing of the knots on the threads can be dispensed with
by having a card to every pick, or what is called one pick and lift.
In the diagrams some of the warps are mentioned as being tight for
the purpose of raising the figure, as is well understood by practical
weavers.
Invention, and described the
to be understood that we do
Having thus stated the nature of our
modes of performing the same, we wish it
not limit ourselves to the details given, as they may be varied without
departing from the peculiar feature of our Invention; but what we do
claim is,
First. The improvements in weaving double-figured fabrics suitable
for counterpanes, quilts, and other similar fabrics, as shewn and described
in reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4.
Secondly. The improvements in weaving counterpanes and other
similar fabrics with a peculiar honeycomb figure and a welt or ribbed
ground, as shewn and described in reference to Figures 5, 6, 7, and S.
Thirdly. The improvements in weaving compound fabrics produced by
interweaving cords on one side corresponding to a twilled or plain
surface on the reverse side, as shewn and described in reference to
Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12.
Fourthly. The improvements in weaving compound fabrics having a
raised design on one side corresponding to the ground part on the other
side, as shewn and described in reference to Figures 13 to 20 inclusive.

page_text: And lastly. The improvements in weaving fabrics with a corresponding
design on both sides and in varying the pattern in the manner described
in reference to Figures 21, 22, and 23.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Nuttall and Richard
Nuttall, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eighteenth
day of October One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
THOMAS NUTTALL.
(L.S.)
RICHARD NUTTALL. (L.S.)