IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY HARD IN CARDING WOOL OR OTHER FIBRES.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joshua Thornton, of the Marsh Mills, Cleckheaton,
in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY HARD IN CARDING WOOL OR OTHER FIBRES.
"
Sealed the 28th August 1874, and dated the 4th March 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joshua Thornton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 4th March 1874.
I, JOSHUA THORNTON, of the Marsh Mills, Cleckheaton, in the County
of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY USED IN CARDING WOOL OR OTHER FIBRES," to be
as follows:-
The objects of the Invention are economy and simplicity in con-
struction and use.
In carding machinery as at present arranged the "bends" or "bows "
carrying the bearings or fixings for the smaller rollers to work with the
main cylinders are pierced with various openings for the passage of

page_text: "
screw bolts for holding such bearings or fixings in position and the
adjustment of them on such "bows or "bends." Considerable labour
and careful adjustment are required by such arrangements, whilst the
tendency of these openings is to weaken the "bends" or "bows" and
at the same time to limit the extent of adjustment obtainable by them
without making fresh holes. I remedy these evils by forming the
bearings of the axes of these small rollers or fixings carrying them to
nip or grip the "bows or " bends and be held in position by set
screw.
"
"
According to one arrangement one edge or surface of the "bow" or
"bend" is formed bevilled, and a part of the bearing or fixing is formed
undercut to clip and hold on this bevilled edge or surface, whilst another
part of such bearing or fixing carries a set screw to bear with capability
of adjustment on the opposite edge or surface of the "bow or "bend."
The parts of the bearings carrying these smaller rollers or fixings
supporting them may however be variously formed to act to grip the
edges or surfaces of the "bows" or "bends" with capability of ready
adjustment by set screw.
Dhoon
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Joshua Thornton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 3rd September 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSHUA
THORNTON, of the Marsh Mills, Cleckheaton, in the County of York,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of March, in the year.
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Joshua Thornton, Her special
license that I, the said Joshua Thornton, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joshua Thornton,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree-

page_text: with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY USED IN CARDING WOOL OR OTHER FIBRES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, tho said Joshua Thornton, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office, within six calender months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
• NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joshua Thornton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The objects of the Invention are economy and simplicity in con-
struction and use.
:
"
In carding machinery as at present arranged the "bends or "bows"
carrying the bearings or fixings for the smaller rollers to work with the
main cylinders are pierced with various openings for the passage of
screw bolts for holding such bearings or fixings in position and the
adjustment of them on such "bows" or "bends." Considerable labor
and careful adjustment are required by such arrangements, whilst the
tendency of these openings is to weaken the bends or bows and at
the same time to limit the extent of adjustment obtainable by them
without making fresh holes. I remedy these evils by forming the
bearings of the axes of these small rollers or fixings carrying them
to nip or grip the bows or bends and be held in position by set
screws.
According to one arrangement adopted by me one edge or surface of
the bow or bend is formed bevilled, and a part of the bearing or fixing
is formed undercut to clip and hold on this bevilled edge or surface,
whilst another part of such bearing or fixing carries a set screw to bear.
with capability of adjustment on the opposite edge or surface of the bow
or bend. The parts of the bearings carrying these smaller rollers or;
fixings supporting them may however be variously formed to act to grip
3

page_text: the edges or surfaces OF THE DOWs of Deus with capaviity of scary auge
ment by set screw.
By these means secure, economical, and very variable adjustment of
the parts is obtainable.
But that the Invention may be fully understood I will by the
aid of the accompanying Drawing proceed to describe means pursued by
me in carrying the same into effect.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shews the outline of one of the bends or bows of an ordinary
carding engine but formed and having parts applied to it according to
my Invention; Figure 2 is a sectional view of Figure 1; Figures 3, 4,
and 5, shew separate detail views of the parts. In each of the views
the same letters are employed to indicate corresponding parts.
It will be seen that in place of such bend or bow a being perforated
with various holes as is the usual practice for the passage of the screw
bolts used in securing thereto the bearings or fixings for supporting the
axes of the respective smaller rollers for working with the main cylinder,
it is formed with its upper and lower or outer and inner edges a¹, a³,
inclined inwards to be embraced by the bearings or parts supporting
such rollers; 6 is the bearing for one end of one of these rollers, the
stem 6' of which is held with capability of adjustment on the plate c by
means of the set screw 6*, aided by the set screw d which passes through
the screw 6, and is formed with a neck d¹ to receive the sides or
horns 68 of the stem b¹. In this case whilst the plate 6¹ is capable of
sliding radially on the plate c it is prevented from lateral motion on the
plate c by being guided between the projecting sides or flanges
standing out from the face of the plate c. The plate c is formed at its
upper or outer surface c¹ to clip the surface a'. The under or inner end
of the plate c is formed with a flange c³ to carry a set screw c³ by which
the plate c is held securely but with capability of ready variation of
position on any part required of the bow or bend.
с
Figures 6 and 7 shew by front and sectional views a modification of
the above by which a lateral as well as a radial adjustment of the
plate 6¹ on the plate c may be obtained; Figure 8 shews details. In
this case in place of the plate c being provided with flanges c* it is
provided with a central, projection and against which the ends of set

page_text: screws 6' carried by the plate 6' act, and by the relative position of which
the lateral position of the bearings 6 in relation to the plate c may be
varied.
It will however be evident that various modifications may be made in
the details of these parts, and in place of such bearing parts clipping the
whole surface of the bow or bend they may simply clip projecting flanges
thereon.
Having thus described my Invention and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do
not confine myself to the precise arrangement of parts as shewn and
described, as the same may be varied without departing from the
peculiar character of the Invention, but what I do claim is, the
arranging or combining parts in connection with the bends or bows of
carding engines, whereby the axes of the smaller rollers are supported in
bearings or fixings applied to such bows or bends by gripping with
capability of ready and variable adjustment thereon, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joshua Thornton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this First day of September, in the year
ht handund and want frum