Improved Means and Appliances for Treating Foul and Noxious Gases and Vapours for the Ventilation of Sewers, Drains, Houses, Rooms, and other Places.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improved Means and Appliances for Treating Foul and Noxious
Gases and Vapours for the Ventilation of Sewers, Drains,
Houses, Rooms, and other Places.
"
We JOHN HORNE, Gentleman of Hallam Hall, Clevedon and SAMUEL HOLLYMAN
Painter and Decorator of Culmstock Cottage Clevedon, both in the county of
Somerset, do hereby declare the nature of our said invention for IMPROVED
MEANS AND APPLIANCES FOR TREATING FOUL AND NOXIOUS GASES AND VAPOURS
FOR THE VENTILATION OF SEWERS, DRAINS, HOUSES ROOMS AND OTHER PLACES
to be as follows:-
"
The object of this invention is improved means and appliances for treating foul
and noxious gases and vapours for the ventilation of sewers, drains, houses rooms
and other places.
For the purpose of our invention we arrange fires, gas flames or other means of
creating up draughts in shafts or outlets of sewers and drains, and to assist in
ventilating the sewers and drains we fit movable covers to man holes and we also
fit hollow, perforated, or suitably shaped bricks which may be fixtures at any
desired part or they may be capable of sliding into or from the up shafts or the
nan holes.
If gas or like flame be used, the burner can be arranged in a kind of basket or
grate of bell or other shape on which asbestos may be placed.
The up shafts can be carried to any desired height and deodorants can be used.
The
invention is subject to modifications according to the positions of drains etc
and it can be adopted for buildings, rooms and places generally from which foul or
noxious gas or vapour has to be exhausted.

page_text: CABOS али vapours FOT
Houses, Rooms, and other Places.
We JOHN HORNE Gentleman, of Hallam Hall, Clevedon, and SAMUEL HOLLYMAN
Painter and Decorator, of Culmstock Cottage, Clevedon, both in the county of
Somerset, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
! The object of our invention is improved means and appliances for treating foul
and noxious gases and vapours for the ventilation of sewers, drains, houses, rooms
and other places.
For the purpose of our invention we arrange fires, gas flames, or other means of
creating up draughts in shafts or outlets of sewers and drains and to assist in
ventilating the sewers and drains we fit movable covers to man holes and we also
fit hollow perforated or suitably shaped bricks which may be fixtures at any
desired part or they may be capable of sliding into or from the up shafts or the
man holes.
If gas or like frame be used, the burner can be arranged in a kind of basket or
grate, of bell or other shape on which asbestos may be placed.
The up shafts can be carried to any desired height and deodrants can be used.
The invention is subject to modifications according to the positions of drains, etc:
and it can be adopted for buildings, rooms and places, generally from which foul or
noxious gas or vapour has to be exhausted.
The invention will be clearly understood by the following description with
reference to the annexed drawings.
We take a line of sewers or drains A as shown at Figure 1 dividing them into
sections of any length, according to gradient and other circumstances.
At the ends B B of each section we place a flap-valve C as shown.
At the lower part of the man hole D and as a half circular cover to the sewer, we
build in a metal or other door-frame E with door F hinged or otherwise attached
as shown, for confining the gases in the section, to be drawn out by the suction-
power of heat and flame as afterwards explained.
This door F shown at Figure 2 opened and fastened by a chain arrangement G
as shown at Figure 1 provides for periodical inspection from the man hole cover on
surface in the usual way.
All the doors of the section ordinarily are closed, except the one at the lower
end for the admission of air. This door is open more or less by chain thus
destroying all chances of the sewer gas becoming explosive, the descending oxygen
preventing this.
By means of the said doors F, F, each section is made an under ground chimney,
the flap valve C separating section from section and the slightly opened cover-
door F at the lower end of each section being the air or draught inlet.
The temperature of sewers being naturally higher than the air of the man holes
and the air above ground, these doors tend to preserve and heighten the sewer
temperature, thus giving increased levitation to the gases.

page_text: We prefer in old sewer-systems that one side of the man hole specially under
treatment be taken down and by means of pipes of any material or preferably by
bricks half circular as shown at Figure 3 (glazed or vitrified or plain) a new side
be built up so as to have a shaft several inches in diameter (preferably round) open
at the lower end for receiving the sewer gases, and open at the upper end to an
ordinary ventilator as usually placed or preferably conducted a short distance from
the road where the comparatively harmless air resulting from combustion shall be
made wholly inoffensive.
At a point in this shaft preferably about half the depth of the man hole D from
surface of ground a channelled recess is made.
On the sides of this recess two bricks H, H, are placed one on each side as
shown at Figures 4 and and a front brick I moulded to shape, preferably as
shown, with plate glass inspection front J as shown, the back to be built up round,
in cement.
On these side bricks H, H, we place a square stove K shown in Figures 5 and 6
of Stourbridge or other fire brick or stove of any other material, the front brick I
used for inspection lighting gas or fire &c. being adjusted for moving backwards
and forwards. The said stove K to be mortared round its sides and top, making
it air tight.
Fitting as a half circular cup we in some cases place wire gauze over the
aperture admitting gases to the stove (as an additional protection against explosion)
and immediately under the stove we place a metal frame L of any pattern, or as
shown at Figure 6 inside the stove as indicated, with a pipe or other attachment
for the supply of gas or other fuel.
We place upon this frame L, asbestos clinkers M or other material for absorbing
and retaining heat.
By adjusting the flame in size and volume so as to create and sustain a body of
fire, it is evident that all noxious germs or other matters in the sewer gas are
infallibly destroyed passing off as harmless carbonic acid gas.
To carry the brick Hue or pipe N above the stove K as indicated we recommend
a stout perforated iron or other metal plate P or frame, the sides of which will
extend into the surrounding brickwork D, D.
In applying the same system to ventilating shafts outside houses, or to ventilating
shafts conducted from rooms or other places we use a metal pipe stove surrounded
by a cooling air jacket.
Any suitable indicator and stoves or gas jets may be used for dwelling rooms or
drain ventilators for outside shafts.
We unite two sections of sewers parted by higher ground, as shown at Figure 7.
The connecting pipes Q, Q, may be of any material preferably iron.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
The improved means and appliances for treating foul and noxious gases and
vapours for the ventilation of sewers, drains, houses, rooms and other places as
herein before described and substantially as represented in the annexed drawings.
The 13th day of November 1885.
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said J. Horne, S. Hollyman.