CERTAIN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING AND HEADING OP NAILS FROM STRIPS OR PLATES MADE OF IRON, COPPER, OR ANY OTHER METAL CAPABLE OF BEING ROLLED INTO PLATES
Year: 1812

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH C.
DYER, of Boston, State of Massachusetts, one of the United State, then
residing in Gray's Inn, but now residing in the Adelphi, London, Merchant,
send.greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fourth day of March,
in the fifty-second year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said Joseph
C. Dyer, my exors, admors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that I, the said Joseph C. Dyer, my exors, adñiors,
and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the term of years therein
mentioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention communicated to me by a certain
Foreigner residing abroad, of "CERTAIN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING AND HEADING
OP NAILS FROM STRIPS OR PLATES MADE OF IRON, COPPER, OR ANY OTHER METAL
CAPABLE OF BEING ROLLED INTO PLATES;" in which said Letters Patent there is
contained a proviso, that if I, the said Joseph C. Dyer, shall not particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, by an instrument under my hand and seal, and
cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advan-
tages whatsoever thereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and become
-+

page_text: void, as in and by the same (relation being thereunto had) may more fully and
at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph C. Dyer, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly
described and ascertained as follows, that is to say :-
Whereas an Invention of certain other constructions of machinery for
eutting and heading of nails from plates of metal, the sole use and application
whereof hath been secured to me by His Majesty's Letters Patent, bearing
date the Twenty-sixth day of July, One thousand eight hundred and teri, and the
same was duly specified and enrolled, and doth in part consist of instruments
of the nature of cutters, which cut off or separate the pieces from the end of
the plates which serve to make the nails, and also of instruments of the nature
of dics, which serve to gripe or hold (as in a vice) the said pieces in the act
of heading, and also instruments of the nature of a punch, swage, or pressing
die, which. do form or impress the shape and figure of the heads to the nails;
and from the particular description or nature of the instruments so employed,
their combination with other suitable apparatus and appropriate movements,
the respective offices of cutting off and griping or holding the nails, and the
pressing or forming the heads thereto do take place in regular and rapid
succession, and a nail is thereby made and compleated at each alternate and
respective operation of the said machinery: And whereas the said Invention
now herein-after described doth likewise consist of several constructions of
machinery for cutting and heading of nails from strips or plates of metal,
wherein among other things certain other descriptions and modifications
of instruments of the like nature are employed for cutting off and griping or
holding the nails, and for impressing or forming the heads thereof, whereby,
with other suitable and appropriate apparatus and movements, these said
constructions do also make and complete a nail at each and every suc-
cessive course of operations of the said machinery: I do therefore, in the
first place, specially declare that the machinery herein-after described may be
ánd is considered as improvements, in various respects, in and upon the said
Invention so secured; and that; on the account of the utter impracticability of
specifying such improvements separately and by themselves, so as to be under-
stood, without making or describing Drawings of the whole, as herein set
forth, I do hereby refer unto the said Specification so enrolled in order that
such parts hereof as form part of the said Invention so secured may be clearly
seen and distinguished from the several other constructions of machinery.
In Drawing Table 1 is represented certain of the said machinery, num-

page_text: bered 1, of which A, A, is a strong arbor or axis, to be carried round by
the first mover, and supported and secured against any flexure upwards by
the bearing socket or gudgeon b, kept to its place by the screw a. B is
a crank which moves the connecting arm F, and thereby gives motion.
to a center G, beneath, and the said center or joint being constructed
in a
rigid piece G, P, P, L, L, M, which last piece is moveable only
on the center Q, at the end of the branch P, all the motion of G, H, and
M will be performed in circular arcs, having the axis from Q in the center
thereof; His the moveable cutter which rises and descends by the action
of the crank B, and passes close to the stationary cutter I, upon which
the plate of metal is laid and urged forward against the stop or guage 1,
Fig. 1, Tab. 3; K is stop or guage for determining the situation of the nail
with regard to the dies; M, N, is a connecting lever piece having a strong."
joint at each end; and O is an horizontal sliding piece which is urged forward
in the direction of N, O (signified by the arrow), whenever the extremity M
of the piece L, L, M, is depressed by the rise of the crank B, and the said
piece O then brings up the griping die, R, as shewn in Fig. 1, Tab. 3. C is
a short, arm, handle, or radius proceeding from the main arbor A; and by means
of the connecting piece S, the universal joint T, and the lever U, U, U,
moveable on the center V, presses the heading die W connected with U by a
joint or axis J, as shewn also in Tab. 3; D & and E, Z, are upright levers
moveable upon centers h, k, by camms fixed upon A, and the said levers give
motion to other horizontal arms or lever, x, y, shewn in Fig. 1, Tab. 3; the
extremity of one of which 3 is urged to press against the nail when cut off,
and carried down to the groove 2 in the face of the stationary griping die,
and holds it there till the griping die comes up, as herein-after shewn, and
the extremity 4 of the other lever a is lodged in a cell in the said stationary
griping die until the nail is completed by the heading die, and then the said
extremity 4 is by the camm made to come out of its cell and disengage the
nail, which falls down, and the operation or effect of the said machinery
numbered 1, is as follows:-(1) The plate of iron. or metal being pressed end-
wise against the stop or guage 1 (Fig. 1, Tab. 3), the cutter H descends
and cuts off a thin piece or nail, which, because the cutting edge declines a
little from making a right angle with the length line of the plate, is tapered to
a point at the end farthest from W, and the said piece being prevented from
falling down by the spring action of the guage; 1 is pushed by the cutter till
it arrives in the groove 2; (2) at this period the lever D, &, is pressed by its
camm; and the end 3 of the lever Y comes forward against the nail and holds:
it in its place, while the cutter H quits it. and ascends. (3) This ascent is

page_text: accompanied with a descent of the end M of the lever L, L, which causes O
to come forward, and the griping die R takes firm hold of the nail (the
extreme part 3 not being of such a length as to be in the way). (4.) The
arm C, by, its connection with the lever U, causes the heading die W to come
forward and press the thick end of the nail into the shape of an head. (5.)
The attendant reverses the plate so as to bring the other side up, in order that
the slope of the cut may point the next nail, and I beginning again to descend,
the actions at C and M become contrary in direction, and the griping and
heading dies withdraw, as does likewise the pressing lever 3. (6.) The nail,
being finished and at liberty, would in most cases fall down, but it may
possibly stick against the groove 2, and to prevent this the proper camm upon
A presses the lever E, which acting upon X carries the extremity 4 out of its
cell, and completely disengages the nail from the machine. (7.) The repe-
tition of the said several and successive operations produce a second nail, and
in the like manner any required number may be made.
The Drawing, Table 2; contains orthographic views or views of the nature
of plan and section of the machinery, No. 1, varied as follows, namely,
instead of the horizontal part of the lever L, L, being made nearly strait,
as in Table 1, the same is bended as in Fig. 2, Table 2, and is provided with
a roller or wheel at the extremity M, which acts upon the piece O, O, at N,
and the said piece 0, 0, being moveable upon an axis or center at 3 does carry
and operate with the griping die R in the like manner as hath been already.
described and explained with regard to the piece Ọ in the said Table 1.
And farther; in the said machinery in Table 2; instead of the lever U, U, of
Table 1, there is substituted another lever U, U, shewn in Fig. 3, Tab. 2,
which, being moveable on the center V, and moved by the piece Cupon the
main arbour A, does (at the proper time) cause the shaft 4 to revolve and
carry the bended arm 5, 5, 5, 5, proceeding from the lower end of the said
arbour, and carrying the heading die towards the nail, and effects the process
of heading the same; and in and along with the said machinery shewn in
Table 2, the spring stop or gage upon H, and the side stop K, and the levers
Y and X, for holding and disengaging the nail, with the several parts connected
with or belonging to the same, as shewn with regard to Tab. 1, are also used,
but it has not been thought needful to encumber the said Drawings of Tab. 2
with those additions, and the operation or effect of the said machinery in
Tab. 2 is substantially the same as has been described with respect to the
machinery in Tab. 1, and will be easily apprehended and understood by reference
to that description.
In Table. 4, Figs. 1 and 2, is represented by an authographic views or views

page_text: and
of the nature of plan and section, certain other of the said machinery,
numbered 2, of which A represents the extremity of an arbor or axis to be
carried round by the first mover. B is the acting part of a crank or radius
which moves the connecting arm F, and thereby gives motion to the extremity
Ġ of the main bearer L, L, L, upon its axis Q. H and H are moveable
cutters, similarly fixed on each branch of the main bearer, and each operating
alike against or along with its fixed cutter I; opposed to its action, and
fitted up with the side gage, and also with pressing and heading dies, as herein-
after more particularly shewn, and upon each of which fixed cutters respectively
a plate of metal to be cut into nails is laid, and urged forward against the
spring stop 1 (see also Fig. 1 and 2, in Table 5). N and N are levers move-
able on the centers,
by the action of the sloped or inclined
pieces m and m fixed upon or projecting from the axis Q of the main bearer
L, L, L, against the faces of the levers and n, and when so moved the said
levers do severally urge forward the sliding pieces 0, 0, which bring up the
griping dies R and R. U and U are levers moveable on their centers
V and V by the action of rollers G, G, in the main bearer, and by the
opposite surfaces of the perforations; which are' shewn in the main bearer, and
the said levers do carry forward at the proper time the heading dies W, W,
and the operation or effect of the said machinery is as follows (see Figs. I and
2, Tab. 4, and Figs. 1 and 2, Tab. 5)-(1.) The plate of iron or metal being
pressed endwise against the guage 1 the cutter H descends and cutts off a thin
piece or nail tapered to a point at the end farthest from W, and being prevented
from falling down by the spring action of the gage 1 is pushed by the cutter
till arrives in the groove 2. (2.) At this period the lever L, L, rises and
carries up the cutter, while the lever N (Fig. 1, Tab. 5), being pressed by the
sloped piece m, drives the piece O and the griping die R forward, which firmly
holds the nail in its place against the stationary griping die (Fig. 2, Tab. 5.)
(3.) And while the lever L, L, continues to rise the roler G bears against the
external slant surface at the part of U most remote from its center V, and
presses home the heading die W, and forms the head. (4.) The attendant then
reverses the plate, as described with regard to the machinéry No. 1, and the
griping and heading dies withdraw in consequence of the descent again of the
lever L, L. (5.) A second nail is cut as before, and the cutter pushing
the same down causé the spring stop or gage 1 to let go the former nail,
which either falls down of itself or in case of any casual adherence in the
groove is set free by the push of the new nail on its arrival at the groove 2.
(6.) And while the cutter upon one half of the lever L, L, regularly descends

page_text: and ascends, and, together with the parts and apparatus therewith connected
or used and applied, doth form a number of nails in succession, as before
described, the other cutter upon the opposite arm of the same lever L, L
will regularly ascend and descend, and form a like number of nails in succession,
but at intermediate periods of operation, as may be easily apprehended and
understood without further explanation.
In the Drawings, Table 6, Fig. 1 and 2, is represented by orthographic
views or views of the nature of plan and section, certain other of the said
machinery numbered 3, in which A represents the arbor or axis to be carried
round by the first mover and giving motion to the other parts by means of
camms or pieces 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and a wheel 21. And the Figures 2 and 3,
in Table 3, and the Figures in Table 10, do represent some of the parts
of the said machinery separately and displayed. And in the said Drawings
of Table 6, and Figs. 2 and 3 of Table 3, and in Table 10, the same
numbers or letters, when placed, do everywhere denote the same part or
thing. 8, 8, denotes the pieces which carries the moveable cutter H by a
sliding motion over the face of the stationary cutter I, and the same is
kept in its place by the strong piece or cock 14, and the roller 43, and the
motion is given by the camm 1. 9, 9, denotes the piece which carries the
moveable pressing die R, R, against the stationary pressing die 10, by a
motion given by the camm 2; and within the said piece 9, 9, is a fitted piece
11, 11, called the holder, which is urged forward by the back spring 12 from
9, 9, as far as the bar or stop 13 also in 9, 9, will allow, and is drawn back by
the same bar 13, when 9, 9, is allowed, by its camm 2, to withdraw by the
operation of its own back spring, and the office of the said holder 11, is to press
against and retain the nail during part of the operation. 7 is a bar called the
plate stop, which passes independently thro' the piece 9, 9, and is urged out at
the fit time, as hereafter explained, by the camm b, and while in its forward
situation the extremity thereof nearest I comes nearly in contact with I, and
affords a gage stop for the nail plate to rest upon in order to be cut.
15 represents the plate of metal to be cut. 16 is a tube or sheath called the
plate conductor for guiding or conveying the said plate, which descends by its
own weight, and when nearly consumed is held by the tongs 19.
wheel for carrying the tube 16 half round by successive alternate actions the
half wheel 18, which is upon the same arbor as the wheel 20, and this last is
constantly carried round by a communication, by a chain or otherwise, from
the wheel 21 on the arbor A. 23 shews an horizontal axis at right angles to
the direction of motion 8, 8, and the said axis carries or supports the tubes 16,
and allows the lower part thereof to be moved back and forward by the action
17 is a

page_text: of the connecting piece 24, governed by the sliding part 8, 8. 22 is a spring
which confines and retains the plate conductor 16 in the due position after
each half turn. 25 shews the interior part of the tube 16, which prevents the
plate 15 and tongs 19 from turning or shifting in the tube by any rotatory
motion during the working. And I do farther declare, that the apparatus
shewn in Table 10 may be used for carrying and supplying the plate or other
machinery for cutting nails, taking care, in such cases as do not allow the tube
to have a vertical possition, that the plate be urged forward by a spring
or weight and pulley, or other similar well-known contrivance. 30 is a sliding
piece called the nail carrier, which has a forked termination at the end towards
I, and slides horizontally back and forward in the perforated socket piece.
35 by the action of the lever 32, moveable on the center 33, and moved
by the action of the camim 3 upon the extremity 34.
29 is another sliding
piece which supports and carries the piece 30, and has a vertical motion up
and down in the fixed piece 36 by the action of the lever 27, moveable on the
center 26, and moved by the action of the camm 4, and in consequence of the
respective operations of the said two levers 32 and 27 the nail carrier becomes
capable, when requisite, of being thrust forward before the face of the cutter I,
and also of being moved downwards from that position and withdrawn.
U, U, is a lever moveable upon the center V, and moved by the camm 5,
and the same gives motion to the piece 37, carrying the heading die W, and
also gives motion to another lever 38, 40, which carries an heart or wedge
piece 38 when requisite, between the arms 41, 41, of a pair of tongs, in order
to keep open the jaws or mouth 42, 42, excepting during a certain period
when the same are allowed to close by the action of their spring, and hold the
nail in its place without falling. And the operation or effect of the said
machinery, numbered 3, is as follows:-Let the moveable cutter H be
supposed to be closed behind the holder (11), and the plate conductor
(16, Fig. 1, Tab. 10), to have been completely turned to its delivering position,
and the machinery to be worked, and then-Firstly, the moveable cutter
withdraws and the plate stop (7) shoots forward, and the plate conductor is
drawn back by the connecting piece 24, and its included plate drops or
descends so as to rest or bear upon the plate stop, ready to be cut. Secondly,
the holder (11) advances and presses the plate against the lower cutter, and
the pressing die (R) advances at the same time (and would seize the pre-
ceeding nail if there had been one in the machine). Thirdly, the moveable
cutter advances and cuts off the nail, and at same time the plate conductor is
carried forward by the piece 24. Fourthly, the nail carrier slide (29) rises
while the plate conductor turns a quarter round. Fifthly, the nail carrier (30)

page_text: shoots out, and takes the nail between its fork, and the stop (7) is at the
same time withdrawn, while the holder affords no impediment to the motion
of 80, because this last is thinner than the nail itself. Sixthly, the holder and
pressing die withdraws, and the nail carrier descends by the motion of its
slide (29), and carries down the nail to a situation opposite the grove in the
face of the pressing dies. Seventhly, the tongs seize the head end of the nail.
Eighthly, the nail carrier is drawn back while the pressing die (R) advances
and seizes the nail, and the stop (7) shoots forward. Ninthly, the moveable
cutter is drawn back to the situation firstly herein mentioned, and a new nail
is in readiness to be cut. Tenthly, the tongs open while the heading die (W)
advances and heads the nail; and, Eleventhly, the cutter advances and cuts a
second nail, in the manner thirdly herein mentioned. Twelfthly, the opera-
tions fourthly and fifthly herein described proceed; and during the last,
Thirteenthly, the heading dye is withdrawn. Fourteenthly, the operation
sixthly herein described takes place, and the complete nail first cut drops
down to a receptacle placed below. Fiftenthly, the second cut nail passes
thro' the like process of operation as the former did, and is succeeded by a
third nail; and in this manner the work goes on without interruption, till a
new plate is required to be supplied.
In Table 7, Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and Fig. 3, is represented certain other of the
said machinery, numbered 4; and in Fig. 4, of Table 3, some of the parts of
the same are developed and shewn; & in all the said Drawings the same
numbers denote the same things. 3, 3, represents the main arbor with
camms, numbered 1, and 2, 2, and the groove wheel 4. The camm 1, acting
on the lever 8, 7, raises the principal lever 16, by means of the piece 17; and
this last lever, moving on its axis 11, works the moveable cutter 12, near the
fixed cutter 14. The plate is brought up horizontally, beneath and against a
back stop affixed to the moveable cutter either by hand or by a resting weight.
The grooved wheel 4 acts upon the extremity 5 B of the bar 5, 5, and cants
the same alternately to the right and left, and by that means causes the tail of
the lever 16 and the edge of the moveable cutter to shift to the right and
left, which produces the slope in the cut nail alternately either way, without
requiring the plate to be overturned. 15, 15, are pivots upon which the
frame 15, which carries 11, is moveable, and allows the motion last mentioned
to take place. 27 is a grooved quadrant, moveable upon its axis 26, in
sockets 26, 26, in the piece 15*, and having a tail at 25, which, by the
reaction of a fixed piece 25*, causes the quadrant to be canted alternately
right and left by the motion communicated to the tail 16 of the principal
lever. The camins 2, 2, act upon levers 10, fitted up alike on each side of

page_text: the machinery, and moveable upon the centers 9.
These levers, by the
projecting piece 14 B, act upon the lever 18, which presses home the moveable
die 20, and holds the nail against the fixed die 21, and also at the fit time
upon the heading die 22, by the adjusting screw beneath.
28, 28, are
funnels, or guiding tubes, which receive the cut nails from the quadrant 27,
and conducts them to the face of the pressing dies 22. 23 is a lever,
moveable upon its center 24, and canted. alternately to the right and left by
the pin proceeding from 15* to the end 23 T. It serves, by the forked end 30,
to cant the plate bar 31, 31, alternately to the right and left, which pushes
down the nail when finished, and causes. it to fall along the sloped piece 23*,
into a receptical below. And the operation or effect of the said machinery
numbered 4 is as follows:-The plate being presented beneath the moveable
cutter 12, a nail is cut off, which falls upon the quadrant 27, and by the
canting of this last it is delivered with the thick end foremost into the funnel or
tube 28, whence it descends, and rests head end downwards on the face of the
heading die 22, as seen in. Fig. 2. The griping die then seizes it, and imme-
diately afterwards the heading die descends and heads it. The griping die
then withdraws, and the piece 31 pushes away the finished nail. The return
or reversal of all these actions, as governed by the camms and grooved wheel,
restores the parts to their original position, and the cutter 12, becoming canted
toward the opposite side of the machinery, cutts off another nail with its thick
end the opposite way, and this last nail becomes finished and is delivered by
the operation of the like parts or pieces on the said opposite side; and by
continuation of the working, nails are alternately made and delivered, as long
as the engine is kept in operation. And in Table 8, Fig. 1, 2, and 3, is
represented certain other of the said machinery, numbered 5; and in Figures
3 and 4, of Table 5, some of the parts of the same are developed and shewn.
And in all the said Drawings the same letters denote the same things.
A, A, represents the main arbor, moving in the brasses a, a, and having the
middle part thereof at B formed into a crank, which works in the socket or
cavity b, b, and gives a back and forward horizontal motion to a strong piece
or carriage Y, Y, coloured yellow in the Drawing, and have also certain
camms, C'and K, which gives motion to the levers D. and F; and the said
moveable part or carriage Y, Y, is furnished with H, the moveable cutter,
having its edge vertical, and sliding along the face of I, the fixed cutter, and
of J, another cutting piece, which, when in the position shewn in Fig. 3,
Tab. 5, has its edge in a line with that of the fixed cutter, but is drawn back
by its spring O, as in Fig. 4, of the same Table, whenever the back stop N,
is by the motion of Y carried forward, as in the said. Figure ;- and the said

page_text: carriage is also furnished with the moveable griping die R, and the said back
stop N, which is kept to its bearing by the seat n. W is the heading die
worked by the lever D, Z; moveable on the centers S, S, and acted upon by the
camm c; and M is an hammer on the other side for heading the nail by a
blow, if preferred, instead of pressure from a die; and the arm L of the said.
hammer is fixed to the arbor G, moveable on the center T, T, and acted upon
by the camm K; which moves or trips the lever F, and the fitting up at each
end of the carriage Y is in other respect substantially the same. P is the.
plate out of which the nails are to be cut; it bears against the gage or
prominence in the face of the lower fixed cutter, and the operation or effect of
the said machinery numbered 5 is as follows, namely:-(1.) The cutter H
advances and cuts off the nail, which it leaves against the face of the cutter I,
and proceeds onwards till the griping die R firmly fixes the nail against that
face which has then entered into the groove in Y, Y, opposite the griping
die, so that the nail becomes firmly confined by the interior face of the
piece Y, and the face of the hinder part of the moveable cutter, and the face
of the fixed cutter, and the face of the griping die. (2.) The back stop M,
passes from behind the cutting piece J, which it suffers to fly back, so that in
the absence of the said piece J, and by reason of the reduction or less elevation
of the hinder part of H, the thicker end of the cut nail is left to stand alone
above the face of Y, Y, in readiness to receive the pressure of the heading die
or stroke of the hammer. (3.) The heading die or else the hammer comes
down and forms the head. (4.) The motion becomes retrograde, and the finished
nail, being disengaged by the return of the cutting piece J, falls down, while
the same effects proceed to take place at the other end of the carriage, and
in this manner. the work may be continued at pleasure.
In Table 9, Figs. 1, 2, 3, is represented certain other of the said machinery
numbered 6, and in Figures 5 and 6 of Table 5 some of the parts of the same are
developed and shewn. And in all the said Drawings the same letters and num-
bers denote the same things. A, A, is the main arbor, which, by the camms
1, 1, works the carriage or piece Y, Y, which is furnished with the moveable
cutters H, H, and these work upon or against the fixed cutters I, I, and the
moveable cutting pieces J, J, the edges being all horizontal; and the said
main arbor, by its camm 2, works the piece O, O, carrying the griping dies R
belonging to each set of apparatus (the machine being constructed to manu-
facture two nails at the same time); and the grooved pieces 3, 3, on the same
main arbor, work the heading dies W, W, by means of the leavers 8, 9, 10,
and 8, 9, 10, of which the centers are 9, 9, and, moreover, the camm 4, upon
the same main arbor, works the lever 5, 6, upon its center 6, and by that
.

page_text: means lowers and raises the moveable cutting piece I at each side of the
machinery by arms 11, 11, proceeding from an arbor concentric with 6;
and r, r, shew two pieces of steel let thro' Y, Y, and H, H, and firmly secured,
in order more effectually to hold the nail in its place when the cutter is for-
warded, and the heading dies perform their office; and t, Fig. 2 and Fig. 6,
shews the gage stop upon the moveable cutting piece J, and serving to receive
and stop the end of the nail plate previous to cutting, and the fixed cutter I
has also a step or hollow, as seen at m, Fig. 1, in the face, immediately,
below the edge thereof, which prevents the nail from falling before the griping
die comes up and completes the holding of the same during the action of the
heading dies; and n shews a notch or narrow part in the piece y, y, which
allows the heading die to press against the nail and make the head, the size of
the moveable cutter H being notched or diminished in that part for the same
purpose. And the effect or operation of the said machinery numbered 6 is as
follows:(1.) The nail plates to be cut are presented either by hand or by
means of the machinery herein-before described, Table 10, and the pieces O, O,
advance, and the griping die R, R, firmly hold the portion of metal to be cut
off. (2.) The cutters H, H, advance and cut off the same. (3.) The cutting
pieces J, J, descend and leave the thicker ends of the cut pieces prominent
beyond the external sides of the fixed cutters I, I, the moveable cutters having
advanced so that the narrow part thereof being opposite those ends, no impe-
diment is made to the action of the heading dies. (4.) The heading dies W, W,
come forward and make the head. (5.) The griping dies withdraw. (6.) The
moveable cutters H, H, withdraw, and their notched parts scrape off the nails.
(7.) The moveable cutting pieces J, J, ascend to their places. (8.) The nail
plates come again to their situation to be cut. (9.) The operations No. 1, &c.;
are repeated, and in this manner the work may be continued at pleasure.
And in Table 11 is delineated and shewn certain other of the said machinery
numbered 7 (and which is the last construction thereof). In this Table,
Fig. 1 is a view, of the nature of a plan, of the machine; Fig. 2 represents a
longitudinal section; and Fig. 3 a transverse section and an end elevation
thereof; and the Fig. 4 is a development of the cutters, dies, &c., in the act
of heading the nail; and in all which Figures the same letters denote the same
things. A, A, is the main arbor which drives the sliding carriage X, X, with
the cutters H, and holding parts N, N, back and forwards, by means of the
camm C, and also drives the other sliding carriage Y, Y, with the cutters J, J,
by means of the camm D (the machinery being represented double, or with
cutters, dies, and apparatus to make nails at each end thereof). These sliders,
as fitted up with their respective cutters H and I at each end, are made to

page_text: slide or move independently and in contact, and when urged forward by the
said camms C and D (the bearing faces therof being formed to govern the
same), the said cutters H and J advance together, and with their respective
cutting edges in one and the same line, until they meet and cut off the piece
from the end of the plate to form the nail; and the cutters H and J are also
placed and adjusted to move so that the cutting part of H shall meet and cut
off that portion of the nail which forms the shank thereof and the cutter J so
as to correspond with and cut off that portion which serves to form the head
of the nail. The projecting part N of the cutter II serves as a guage to regu-
late the quantity of metal to be cut off from the plate P, and also to hold the
same when cut off, and when driven forward into the cell or cavity O it con-
stitutes, together with the forward end of the said cutter H, a part of the
griping or holding dies; and immediately after the nail is cut off or separated
from the plate, as aforesaid, the circular face of the camm D comes to bear
against the slider Y, Y, which then ceases to advance, and consequently
the cutter J remains stationary just beyond the edge, and behind the wide end
of the fixed cutter I, I, whilst the other slider continues to advance with its
cutter H and holding part N, whereby the nail is urged forward, and placed
and firmly held against the corresponding shoulder or holding piece B and
the narrow part of the cutter I, I, and where the same are no wider than, and
in an exact line with, the said advanced cutting and holding instruments
Hand N, whence it is clear that the nail Q will be placed and held in a
situation to be headed with its thick end projecting out beyond the said
pieces H, N, I, and B (which form the griping or holding dies), so as to admit
the pressing die W to come forward and impress or form the head, as shewn
in the Drawings. E, E, are inclined or circular wedge pieces which urge the
levers F, K, G, F, K, G, against the heading die W, in the act of heading
the nail. P is the plate to be cut, and Q is a piece therecf cut off to form the
nail. The arm or lever A, L, is connected with the crank or first mover at M.
and the operation or effect of the said machinery is as follows:-(1.) The
camm C and D move the cutter H and the cutting piece J onward at the
same time with their respective edges in one and the same line until the nail
has been cut off. (2.) The cutter H then proceeds (while the cutting piece J
stops) and carries the nail firmly against the stop or shoulder B of the cutter I,
where it is strongly held while (3) the heading die W forms the head, the
cutter I being narrower or cut away behind for that purpose, and part of the
camm C. being left circular in order that the arm L may be at liberty to move
and give activity to E, E, while H is motionless. (4.) The heading die with-
draws, and (5): the cutter I withdraws, and the head of the nail, being carried
H

page_text: against the broad part I, the nail itself falls down. (6.) The carriages X
of the moveable cutter, and Y of the cutting piece, are carried over by
their respective camms to the opposite terminations of their motions, and
another nail piece is cut off. (7.) The operations last described under the
numbers 2, 3, 4, and 5, are repeated at the said opposite end, and in this
manner the making of nails may be continued at pleasure. I do farther.
declare that the camms for giving motion are duly formed, as to the bearing
faces thereof, in the manner that such pieces are usually made, and that
the same, as well as the cranks, levers, sliders, and other operative parts
of the machinery are placed, fixed, and adjusted to operate at the proper
times, for which the skill and attention of a competent workman who shall
duly peruse and examine this present Writing, and the Drawings hereunto
annexed, will be sufficient and adequate; and also that all the several parts of
the said machinery which come into successive or alternate contact and action,
and all the parts which require to have their respective positions and situa-
tions accurately determined, are provided with adjusting pieces and screws as
shewn in the said Drawings, and generally that the said Drawings will
serve to explain many particulars of the construction and uses of the said
machinery which could not be shewn or explained in words, and that the
size of the work to be manufactured will determine the size of the
several machines, to the Drawings of which, for that reason, no determinate
scale could be affixed; but that for middle-sized nails, the scale of the
Drawings may, in a general way, be taken at three inches to one foot; and it
will likewise be manifest to any competent workman who shall examine the
same, that the framework and general supports (of the machinery herein-before
described), as severally shewn in the Drawings hereunto annexed, will admit
of being altered and variously constructed, so as to render the same widely
different, both in regard to size and general appearance. As such alterations
may be made without departing from or in anywise effecting the general
mechanical principles of the said machinery as herein specified, it has not been
deemed needful to give verbal descriptions of such framework and unessential
parts of the said machinery, which may be left to the judgment of the work-
man in building the same, without prejudice to the operations thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph C. Dyer, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and twelve.
JOSEPH C. DYER. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Third day of September, in
the year of our Lord 1812, the aforesaid Joseph C. Dyer came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowleged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Third day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and twelve.