IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Hopkinson, of Lower Town, near Keighley,
in the County of York, Spinning Overlooker, and Robert Newton,
of Lower Providence Mill, near Keighley, aforesaid, Engineer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Hopkinson and
Robert Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 28th March 1870.
We, JOHN HOPKINSON, of Lower Town, near Keighley, in the County
of York, Spinning Overlooker, and ROBERT NEWTON, of Lower Pro-
vidence Mill, near Keighley, aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ов APPLICABLE TO
MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND TWISTING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
The first part of this Invention relates to that class of machinery for
spinning and twisting generally known as frames," whether on the
<<

page_text: principle of the flyer, cap, cup, or other means of operation, and wherein
guide boards are employed for conducting the yarn or fibres from the
drawing and delivery rollers to the spindles or bobbins. Now in the
process of spinning or twisting there is a constant throwing off of what
is technically term "kemps" and loose portions of the fibres, dirt, or
dust, which accumulate upon the guide board unless frequently removed
by the attendant, which not only occupies much time but requires
much carc to avoid the risk of breaking the yarn or threads, which if
not removed removed will again attach themselves in lumps or patches
to the yarns in passing, and thus make bad or uneven yarn. To remedy
which we place a board across the frame at each end from one guide
board to the other on the same plane or level therewith, and apply a
pulley at each of the four angles thus formed, with an endless cord or
belt passing around them, and to this cord or belt we attach at intervals
a series of cleaners, by preference made or composed of small blocks or
lead covered with woollen cloth, but other suitable materials may be
used, and a constant circulating or travelling motion is given to these
cleaners by any convenient means from the drawing roller, shaft. or other
suitable moving part of the machine. At one or both ends of the frame
we apply and arrange a rotary brush in the line of travel of the cleaners
to remove all the accumulations from the surface thereof.
The second part of this Invention relates to the tubes for carrying
the bobbins used in such machinery, and the improvements consist in
forming them to fit the dead spindle or stud at cach end only, the
intermediate or interior part being made larger in diameter so as not to
bear upon the said stud and thereby diminish friction thereon.
The third part of the said Invention relates to the cylinder which
by bands or cords and whirls gives rotary motion to the spindles, tubes,
or bobbins. Heretofore this cylinder has been supported in stationary
bearings, and as it is required to give a traverse motion to bobbins or
guides, or a rising and falling motion of the said whirls for effecting
the proper winding of the yarn upon the bobbins, there is a constant
variation of the tension of the bands or cords produced thereby, which
is objectionable. Now to remedy this evil we arrange that the cylinder
shall rise and fall simultaneously with the whirls, the motion thereof
being effected by the same means as employed for operating the whirls,
and to equalize the tension of the driving belt we apply a weighted lever,
or some such equivalent means.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Hopkinson and Robert Newton in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th September 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JOHN
HOPKINSON, of Lower Town, near Keighley, in the County of York,
Spinning Overlooker, and ROBERT NEWTON, of Lower Providence Mill,
near Keighley, aforesaid, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said John Hopkinson and Robert Newton, Her
special licence that we, the said John Hopkinson and Robert Newton,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
John Hopkinson and Robert Newton, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR
SPINNING AND TWISTING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said John Hopkinson and Robert Newton, our
exccutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar mouths next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Hopkinson and Robert
Newton, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
two Sheets of Drawings (that is to say)
The first part of this Invention relates to that class of machinery for
spinning and twisting generally known as "frames," whether on the
principle of the flyer, cap, cup, or other means of operation, and wherein
guide boards are employed for conducting the yarn or fibres from the

page_text: drawing and delivery rollers to the spindles or bobbins, Now in the
process of spinning or twisting there is a constant throwing off of what
is technically termed "kemps" and loose portions of the fibres, dirt,
or dust, which accumulate upon the guide board unless frequently
moved by the attendant, which not only occupies much time but
requires great care to avoid the risk of breaking the yarn or thread,
which if not removed will again attach themselves in lumps or patches
to the yarns in passing, and thus make bad or uneven yarn. To remedy
which we place a board across the frame at each end from one guide
board to the other on the same plain or level therewith, and apply a 1
pulley at each end of the four angles thus formed, with an endless cord or
belt passing around them, and to this cord or belt we attach at intervals
a series of cleaners, by preference made or composed of small blocks
of lead covered with woollen cloth; but other suitable materials may
be used, and a constant circulating or travelling motion is given to these 1
cleaners by any convenient means from the drawing roller, shaft, or other
suitable moving part of the machine. At one or both ends of the frame
we apply and arrange a rotary brush in the line of travel of the cleaners
to remove all the accumulations from the surface thereof.
The second part of this Invention relates to the tubes for carrying the 2
bobbins used in such machinery, and the improvements consist in
forming them to fit the dead spindle or stud at each end only; and
the intermediate part, the other interior parts being made larger in
diameter so as not to bear upon the said stud and thereby to diminish
friction thereon.
The third part of the said Invention relates to the cylinder which by
bands, or cords, and whirls gives rotary motion to the spindles, tubes,
or bobbins. Heretofore this cylinder has been supported in stationary
bearings, and as it is required to give a traverse motion to bobbins,
or guides, or a rising and falling motion of the said whirls for effecting a
the proper winding of the yarn upon the bobbins, there is a constant
variation of the tension of the bands or cords produced thereby, which
is objectionable. Now to remedy this evil we arrange that the cylinder
shall rise and fall simultaneously with the whirls, the motion thereof
being effected by the same means as employed for operating the whirls,
and to equalize the tension of the driving belt we apply a weighted lever,
or some such equivalent means.
2

page_text: In order that this Invention may be clearly understood reference is
given to the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings of an ordinary
spinning frame with our improvements applied thereto.
Fig. 1 is an end elevation of what is technically termed a half frame;
Fig. 2 is the front elevation; Fig. 3 is the opposite end; and Fig. 4 is
the back clevation of same. As the several parts of ordinary looms
are so well known it is deemed unnecessary to describe the whole of the
parts shown, but only those required to illustrate or show the application
of our improvements.
The first part of improvements is the mechanical means of cleaning
the guide board A or the removal of the "kemps or loose fibres which
accumulate thereon, and which heretofore have had to be removed by
the attendant; B is a board or bed plate fixed to the frame on a level
with the guide board A at each end of the frame, and these two boards
or bed plates are connected by another similar board or bed plate, so that
with the guide board a quadrilateral or quadrangular bed is formed.
At each angle of this quadrangular bed is a pulley C, and around the
four angles is passed or placed an endless belt, cord, or chain D. Motion
is given to this belt, cord, or chain by means of a pair of fluted rollers E,
which by means of a spring pressure F are caused to nip or bite
sufficiently thercon as that by their rotation drive or cause it to travel
around the quadrangle. To this belt, cord, or chain are attached a series
of cleaners G which are arranged at suitable intervals apart from each
other, so that by their constant circulation keep the guide board clear of
the said "kemps" or loose fibres; Fig. 5 is a detail (full size) of the cord D
with a cleaner G and the rollers E which give motion thereto; Fig. 6 is
a plan of guide board A, and the boards or bed plates B forming the
quadrangular bed, the pullies C, cord D, the driving rollers E, and the
cleaners G, and G₁ is a rotary brush for cleaning them.
The second part of our Invention is shown by Fig. 7, which is a
section of the tube and its whirl or wharle drawn full size, the improve-
ment of which will be readily understood by practical spinners.
The third part of this Invention is shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4,
where is the cylinder or roller which gives rotary motion to the
spindles, tubes, or bobbins, cups or guides, according to the class of

page_text: machinery employed, supported in pedestals I, which pedestals arc
capable of sliding up and down in bearings or brackets fixed to the
frame ends; J are rods connected to the said pedestals and to eccentrics
K fixed one at each end of a shaft L. This shaft receives rotary motion
by skew gear wheels M. and N from the ordinary traverse motion shaft P,
or the shaft carrying the cams Q, which give motion to the lifter rail or
ordinary apparatus for effecting the traverse or alternate rising and
falling of the whirls or the spindles, bobbins, or guides. These parts are
so arranged as that the cylinder will rise and fall simultaneously with
the rising and falling of the ordinary lifter rail, thus maintaining an
equal tension on the bands which drive the said spindles, bobbins, or
guides. The tension of the driving belt R is equalized by means of the
double bell crank lever or three armed lever S, two of which arms carry
the pullies S¹ and S2, which bear on the belt R while to the other arm
a weight T is applied, such weight being adjusted thereon so as to take
up the slack when the cylinder rises, and to apply a suitable amount of
pressure according to the tension required to be on the driving belt.
Instead of the lever arm and weight Ta spring may be applied to either
or both the arms S' and S³, so as to take up the slack of the driving belt
and maintain an equal tension thereon.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention and shewn by
Drawings how or in what manner the same is to be or may be performed
or carried into practical operation, we would have it understood that
we do not confine or restrict ourselves to the precise details shewn and
described, but what we claim as of our Invention is,-
Firstly. The method of cleaning the guide boards of spinning frames
by means of an endless cord or belt carrying a series of cleaners caused
to circulate or travel in manner substantially as described.
Secondly. The constructing or forming tubes used for carrying bobbins
with one or more recesses in the interior thereof, so as to diminish
friction on the dead spindles or studs upon which they rotate.
Thirdly. The method of mounting the cylinder or roller which drives
or gives rotary motion to the whirls, spindles, tubes, or bobbins in
moveable bearings, and causing the same to rise and fall simultaneously
or at the same time with the traverse of the whirls, spindles, tubes, or

page_text: bobbins, so as to prevent, or avoid variation of tension or to effect an
equal tension on the driving bands.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Newton, for and on behalf
of myself and the said John Hopkinson, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Twenty-seventh day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.