Improvements in Machines for Turning, Screwing, Tapping, Drilling, and Boring Brass and other Metals
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Nov., 1893.
Complete Specification Left, 13th Aug., 1894-Accepted, 6th Oct., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Turning, Screwing, Tapping, Drilling,
and Boring Brass and other Metals.
ALFRED GOZZARD 37 Wolseley Road Sheffield Brass Founder and Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Upon an ordinary lathe bed or gantry I place a head stock which is firmly bolted
to the same and constructed in the following manner, a spindle is passed through
both ends of which are run in suitable bushes, upon this spindle is placed a large
pulley to gain power for heavy work when not in use this pulley runs loose, the
inside face close to the spindle is provided with clutch teeth and next to it is placed
a clutch with clutch teeth on both sides and sliding on one or more keys bedded in
the shaft or spindle, upon the same spindle is placed a cone pulley also provided
with clutch teeth on one side this pulley also runs loose when not in work so that
the moveable clutch which is worked by a leaver from the front part of the machine
and attached by rings to the centre of the clutch these pulleys being provided with
belts running from a common countershaft so that when the teeth of the clutch are
placed in the corresponding teeth of the large pulley 1 lose speed and gain power
when required for heavy work when the clutch is placed in the teeth of the cone
pulley I can run at various speeds to suit the work to be operated upon or I can
use the large pulley for doing a portion of the work and by moving the clutch use
the quicker speeds for finishing or the clutch may be placed between the two
pulleys the spindle of the machine would then stop upon the front end of the
spindle is fixed an apparatus for securing the work to be acted upon this consists of
a frame with two loose jaws swinging upon pins passed through the ends of two
pairs of arms attached to the said frame in the back of the frame near to the
lathe spindle is formed a slide its two sides being made at suitable angles to receive
two sliding blocks through these two blocks are threaded holes one a right and the
other a left hand thread and through these holes is passed a screw which is made
to swivel in the centre and both ends are made to receive a key or spanner in the
front of the sliding blocks are provided 'recesses to receive the tail ends of the
moving jaws which are divided in the middle so that each side passes into a recess
and spans the before mentioned screw this provides steadiness and strength
when in use and when the screw is moved in one direction it opens the tail end
of the jaws and closes the front end causing them to grip the work and when
moved it the oposite direction it closes the tail end and liberates the work
and so that various shapes and forms of work may be held. The front of the
said jaws are provided with recesses in which may be secured dies of different
shapes to suit the work to be held and upon the same lathe bed or gantry I
place a bed plate which can be moved along the gantry and is held down with
bolts when in use through this bed plate from front to back is passed a spindle on
the front end of which is fixed a hand wheel or arms used for bringing forward the
tools to the work on this same spindle is keyed a pinion which works in a rack
attached to the bottom of a saddle which slides on the bed plate mounted on this
saddle is an arm which is in a direct line with the lathe spindle and is held in its
bearings by caps which are pressed down by springs or screws in the front end of
this arm is constructed a frame in which is placed a circular tool holder capable of
receiveing a number of tools for tapping screwing boring turning drilling and other
purposes and to enable to bore or turn the inside of articles which require to be
farger inside than the passage for an ordinary drill I cut a slot in the end of a

page_text: round piece of steel or other metal into this slot I place a cutter of any desired
shape projecting sufficiently to bore the hole inside to any size required this cutter
is fastened in the holder by a wedge or screw at the front which acts as a steady
pin and to pass this tool through the small hole in the face of the work I cut away
the back of the tool holder about the same distance as the cutter projects finishing
with a beveled shoulder which forces the cutter forward until it arrives at the
parallel part of the tool holder when the hole is finished the before mentioned
circular tool holder containing a number of tools is held in the desired position by
a bar which runs through the centre of the arm and is pressed forward by a spiral
spring which is placed inside the arm and acts upon a collar on the bar forceing
forward its taper end into holes or slots at the back of the tool holder in the
frame these holes are exactly in a line with the tools to be used in its front when
it is required to change from one tool to another the bar is drawn back by a
leaver the taper end removed from the hole or slot the circular tool holder can then
be turned to the next tool to be used the spring then forces the taper end of the
bar into the corresponding hole of the tool about to be used and holds it firmly
until the work is done about the centre of the arm or in any convenient position
is placed a brake block the straps surrounding it being held together with springs
and the straps are prevented from turning round with the block by being secured
to the saddle in one half of the straps I place a tongue which is pressed forward
by a spring-and round the centre of the brake block I cut a number of ratchet
teeth into which the tongue falls so that in screwing or tapping any article the
springs on the brake straps may be compressed to procure the necessary amount
of friction to accomplish the work but when the front of the screw plate or tap
comes in contact with an obstacle such as a collar on the work being screwed or
the bottom of a hole against the end of the tap instead of breaking the tools or
the work the circular tool holder frame arm and brake block all turn round
with the work until the machine is reversed then the tongue falls into the ratchet
teeth stops the arm and draws back the plate or tap should there not be sufficient
friction on the block to carry the screwing tools along the work a leaver handle
is attached to one half of the brake straps which pulled forward increases the
friction enough to overcome the work the backward and forward motion of the
machine is obtained by the usual method of two loose pulleys and one fast between
them with a cross and open belt running from the driving to the counter shaft
the belts being acted upon by leavers worked by the foot.
Dated this 11th day of November 1893.
ALFRED GOZZARD.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Turning, Screwing, Tapping, Drilling,
and Boring Brass and other Metals.
ALFRED GOZZARD 37 Wolseley Road Sheffield in the County of York Brass
Founder do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Upon an ordinary lathe bed or gantry I place a lathe headstock which is firmly
bolted to the same and constructed in the following manner, A is a pin held in
position by two nuts one at each end to set up and carry the pressure of the lathe
spindle B when the work is applied to the front end, at the end of the spindle B
close to the pin A is placed suitable conicle or other form of bearing, against the
inner face of this bearing I place a large pulley C which runs loose upon the
spindle B the object of placing a large pulley is to gain power for heavy work,
the inside face of this pulley close to the spindle B is provided with clutch teeth
of such a shape as will cause them to keep in gear when the spindle B is running

page_text: either in a backward or forward direction, and next to it is placed a clutch D
with similar teeth on both sides the clutch D slides upon the spindle B and is
carried round by one or more keys E which are firmly bedded in the spindle B
upon the same spindle is placed a cone pulley F also provided with clutch teeth
on one side this pulley runs loose on the spindle B when not in use so that the
moveable clutch D which is worked by a leaver G from the front of the machine
and is attached by rings to the centre of the clutch D the large pulley C and the
cone pulley F are provided with belts running from the same countershaft so that
when the teeth of the clutch D are placed in the corresponding teeth of the large
pulley C I lose speed and gain power when required for heavy work when the
teeth on the other face of the clutch D is placed in the teeth of the cone pulley F
I can run at various speeds to suit the work to be operated upon or I can use the
large pulley C for doing a portion of the work and by moving the clutch Duse
the quicker speeds for finishing the work or the clutch D may be placed between
the two pulleys the teeth missing each other both pulleys and F would then
run loose upon the spindle B to maintain the clutch D in either of these positions
the leaver G when moved falls into suitable notches and is held there by a spiral
spring from the underneath side the front end of the spindle B runs in a bearing
similar to the back end and it acts as a collar for the cone pulley F upon the front
end of the spindle B is fixed an apparatus for securing the work to be acted upon
this consists of a frame H with two loose jaws I and I swinging upon pins passed
through the ends of two pairs of arms J attached to the frame H in the back of
the frame nearest to the lathe spindle is formed a slide K its two sides being made
at suitable angles to receive two sliding blocks L through these two blocks are
threaded holes one a right and the other a left hand thread and through these
holes is passed a screw M which is made to swivel in the centre and both ends are
made to receive a key or spanner in the front of the sliding blocks L are recesses
to receive the tail ends of the moving jaws 1 which are divided in the middle so
that each side passes into a recess and spans the before mentioned screw this
provides steadiness and strength when in use and when the screw M is moved in
one direction it opens the tail end of the jaws I and closes the front end causing
them to grip the work and when moved in the opposite direction it closes the tail
end and liberates the work and so that various shapes and forms of work may be
held the front of the said jaws I are provided with recesses in which may be
secured dies of different shapes to suit the work to be held, and upon the same
lathebed or gantry I place a bedplate N which can be moved along the gantry
and is held down with bolts when in use through this bed plate from front to
back is passed a spindle on the front end on which is fixed a hand wheel or
arms used for bringing forward the tools to the work, on this spindle is keyed
a pinion O which works in a rack P attached to the bottom of a saddle Q
which slides on the bed plate N mounted on this saddle is an arm R which is
in a direct line with the lathe spindle B and is held in its bearings by caps S which
are held down by spiral springs slipped over screwed studs upon which is fixed
regulating nuts when it is desired that the tools should follow an untrue hole in
the castings the regulating nuts are unscrewed and the springs brought into play,
when it is desired to bore or drill a true hole the nuts are screwed down until the
springs are solid thus preventing the caps S from rising with the arm R on the
front end of this arm is constructed a frame in which is placed a circular tool
holder T capable of receiving a number of tools for tapping screwing boring
turning drilling and other purposes and to enable me to bore or turn the inside of
articles which require to be larger inside than the passage for an ordinary tool I
construct a cutter holder U by forming a slot in the end of a circular rod of steel
or other material into this slot I place a cutter V of any desired shape projecting
sufficiently at the end and side to bore the hole to any shape or size required this
cutter is fastened in the holder U by a wedge or screw W at the front which acts
as a steady pin and to pass this cutter through the small hole in the face of the
work I cut away the back of the cutter holder U about the same distance as the

page_text: cutter itself projects finishing with a bevelled shoulder which forces the cutter
forward until it arrives at the level part of the cutter holder U when the hole
is finished, and to accomodate the movement of this cutter the other end of the
cutter holder is allowed to swivel in the before mentioned circular tool holder T,
by means of two pins or screws, this circular tool holder T is held in a direct
position by a bar X through the centre of the arm R and is pressed forward by a
spiral spring placed inside the arm and it acts upon a collar on the bar X
forcing forward its taper end into holes or slots at the back of the tool holder T
these holes are exactly in a line with the tools to be used in its front when
it is required to change from one tool or tools to another set the bar is drawn
back by a leaver Y the taper end removed from the hole or slot the circular
tool holder .T can then be turned to the next tools to be used the spring
then forces the taper end of the bar X into the corresponding hole of the tools
about to be used and holds it firmly until that part of the work is done, about the
centre of the arm R or in any convenient position is placed a brake block Z the
straps surrounding it being held together by spiral springs and the straps are
prevented from turning round with the block Z by being secured to the saddle Q in
one half I place a tongue 1 which is pressed down by a flat spring and round the
outside of the brake block Z I cut a number of ratchet teeth into which the
tongue falls so that in screwing or tapping any article the springs on the brake-
straps may be compressed by nuts to procure the necessary amount of friction to
accomplish the work but when the front of a screw plate or tap comes in contact
with an obstacle such as a collar on the work being screwed or the end of the tap
against the bottom of the hole instead of breaking the tools or work the circular
tool holder T its frame the arm R and brake block Z all turn round with the work
until the spindle B is reversed then the tongue 1 falls into the ratchet teeth stops
the arm R and draws back the plate or tap should there not be sufficient friction
on the brake block Z to carry the screwing tools along the work a leaver handle 2
is attached to one half of the brake straps which pulled forward increases the
friction enough to overcome the work the backward and forward motion of the
machine is obtained by the usual method of two loose pulleys and one fast one
between them with a cross and open belt running from the driving to the counter-
shaft 3 is a portion of the belts ascending to overhead countershaft the belts
being acted upon by leavers worked by the foot.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination of all the parts of the machine.
2. The manner or method of working the clutch between the high and low speed
pulleys.
3. The chuck for holding different kinds and irregular forms of work.
4. The tool for cutting holes larger at back than front.
5. The working of the sliding saddle tool bolder revolving arm and brakeblock.
Dated th 11th 1
1004
ALFRED GOZZARD.