CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING OR DOUBLING SILK, WASTE, COTTON, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1850

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
BURY, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Tenth day of October, in the fourteenth year of Her reign.
and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Charles
Bury, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said Charles Bury, my exors, admors, and assigns, and such others as
I, the said Charles Bury, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England and Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Inven.
tion of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING
AND SPINNING OR DOUBLING SILK, WASTE, COTTON, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the
said Charles Bury, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be enrolled
in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Bury, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto annexed, and the following
explanation thereof, that is to say :-
My improvements in machinery or apparatus for preparing and spinning or
doubling silk waste, cotton, wool, or other fibrous substances, relate,-
First, to the bobbin and "braid " or driving pinion, employed in slubbing and
roving frames, and are intended to facilitate the driving of the spindle, by
affording increased steadiness to it by reducing its length above the bolster.
The second part of my improvements relates to the doubling frame, and has
for its object the prevention of waste or imperfect yarn, by causing the breaking
of any single thread or of the double threads, either at the back or in front of
the delivering rollers, to stop the revolution of the delivering rollers, slacken
the spindle driving band, and apply a break to the spindle; and also causing
the slackening or breaking of a spindle band to stop the revolution of the front
or drawing rollers and spindle.
The third part of my Invention applies to the roving frame and the "throstle,"
and has for its object also the prevention of waste, by causing the breaking or
absence of a roving or thread in front of the drawing rollers to stop the revo-
lution of all its corresponding drawing rollers except the front pair, and thus
top the delivery of that roving or thread.
Such being the nature and object of my said improvements, I will proceed
to describe the method of carrying the same into practical effect, which will
be readily understood upon referring to the accompanying Drawing and the
following description thereof:-
The first part of my Invention is exhibited at Fig. 1, which represents an
elevation of a roving spindle and flyer, drawn about half size, the bobbin, &c.,
being shewn in section. a, a, is the spindle, and b, b, the flyer; c, c, is the
copping rail; and d, the bolster; e, e, is the bobbin which works on the spindle
in the centre, but is bored out to rather a larger diameter at the ends (as
shewn at e', e¹) for the following reasons:-By being bored out rather larger at
the top, the bobbin can work over the boss of the flyer b, b, and, consequently,
the spindle and flyer can be made so much shorter. The bobbin is bored out
at the bottom to admit the boss f of the bevil pinion or "braid "g
9, which drives
the bobbin. By means of this boss f of the bevil pinion or "braid " g being
wholly inserted in the bobbin, the bolster d can be got nearer to the top of the
spindle, and, consequently, the steadiness of the spindle be greatly increased; at

page_text: the same time retaining the advantage derived from the "braid" and bobbin
revolving on a running spindle.
The second part of my Invention is shewn at Figs. 2 and 3. Fig. 2 is a
transverse section of a doubling frame, drawn to a scale of about three inches
to a foot, and representing my improvements applied thereto.
a, a, is the
framing of the machine; and b, b, is the tin roller which is driven by any ordi-
nary convenient means, and actuates the spindle c, c, by the bands d, d, passing
around their wharves; the threads pass from the ordinary creel (which is not
shewn in the Drawing) under the glass guide rod e, in the water trough f,
through the eye of the wire y, and over the wire h, to the delivering rollers i, k.
These rollers are caused to revolve by the surface of the lower one being in
contact with a revolving shaft l, which extends from end to end of the machine,
and is actuated in any convenient manner. The threads after passing between
the rollers, are brought back over the top roller i, and, after passing round the
glass rod m, are again brought between the rollers, and thence pass through
the eye of the wire j, and over the glass rod n, to the bobbin o upon the
spindle. The rollers i, k, are supported in a slot at the upper extremity of a
lever p, p, which is capable of vibrating upon a fulcrum q, and is connected by
a link to a weighted lever s, which moves on a fixed centre at t, and carries a
balanced or poised catch u. v, is an horizontal bar, connected by levers at
each end to a shaft w, which must be caused by any convenient means to
vibrate or oscillate backwards and forwards on its centre, about one-eighth.
part of a revolution. a is a weighted lever, which (when not raised by a pin
at the lower end of the lever p, p,) falls, and presses a break y against a small
pulley placed upon the spindle for that purpose.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows: As soon as one of the single
threads breaks, its corresponding wire y falls, and by its weight destroys the
equilibrium of the balanced catch u, and causes its end to come into contact
with the vibrating bar v, which will thus pull the weighted levers into the
position indicated by dotted lines. The motion of the lever s will be imparted.
in a reverse direction to the lever p, by means of the link r, which will have
the effect of raising the rollers, bringing the roller k out of contact with the
revolving shaft 7, and thus stopping their revolution, and the consequent deli-
very of yarn, whilst, at the same time, the movement of the pin at the lower
end of the lever p allows the weighted lever a to fall and stop the revolution
of the spindle by means of the break y. If the double thread breaks in front.
of the rollers, the falling of the end of the lever j will have the same effect.
Fig. 3 represents a modification of the same, wherein, the slackening or
breaking of one end of the spindle bands is caused to raise the drawing rollers

page_text: and stop the revolution of the spindle. Those parts of the machine marked
with corresponding letters of reference are similar, and their operations the
same as in those described with reference to the preceding machine. In this
instance it will be seen that the spindle bands d, d, pass over carrier pullies I,
which are suspended by levers 2 from a shaft 3. The levers 2 are weighted
by means of levers 4, in such a manner as to have a constant tendency to keep
the spindle bands d, d, at a proper tension, and are connected by wires 5 to
the wire in such a manner that should one of the spindle bands become too
slack or break, the lever 2 will vibrate, and, by bringing the wirej down on to
the catch 6, will raise the rollers, thus stopping their revolution, and apply the
break to the spindle; whilst, on the other hand, the vibration of the lever p,
consequent upon the breaking of a thread, will, by means of a pin on the lever
p, raise the weighted lever 4, and thus slacken the spindle band, so as to allow
the break to act with greater facility.
Figs. 4 and 5 are an end view and front elevation, shewing the application
of the third part of my Invention to a throstle frame. a, a, is the roller beam,
which supports the rollers by means of stands b, b, as usual. The front drawing
rollers c, c, are driven in the ordinary manner, and the middle and back drawing
rollers d, d, are driven by the following means:-e, e, is a shaft, extending from
end to end of the machine, and caused to revolve at a requisite speed in any
convenient manner; f, f, are a series of spur wheels in gear with spur pinions
g and upon the ends of the rollers d, d. The spur wheels f, f, are loose upon
the shaft e, but are connected thereto by catch boxes i, i, one half of which
slides on a feather upon the shaft, and is kept in gear by means of a spiral
spring k. To the boss of each of the wheels f, small catches b, b, are affixed.
m, m, is a lever, vibrating upon a centre at n, and having the wire guide o
(through which the thread or roving passes, attached to its lower arm; p is
the bobbin on to which the threads are wound, and q is the bobbin from which
the rovings pass to the drawing rollers. The operation of this apparatus is as
follows: When a thread breaks, or is absent in front of the rollers, the upper
arm of the lever m falls, and coming into contact with the catches 1, 1, stops
the revolution of the wheel f, and, consequently, that of the wheels g and h, and
the rollers d, d, thus preventing any further waste from being made. If pre-
ferred, the middle and back drawing rollers may be driven in the usual manner,
and the lever m may be lengthened and made to break the roving behind the
rollers, and thus prevent further waste or "lapping."
Having thus described the nature and object of my improvements. together
with the method of carrying the same into practical effect, I would remark, in
conclusion, that I claim as my Invention,-

page_text: First, with regard to the slubbing and roving bobbins and "braids," the em-
ployment or use of bobbins, having their ends bored out larger or the internal
diameter of their ends increased for the purpose of admitting the boss of the
flyer and the boss of the "braid" or driving pinion; also, the novel construction
of the "braid," which having its boss wholly inserted in the bobbins, and its
driving cogs or teeth working below the top of the spindle bolster, permits the
bolster to be got nearer to the top of the spindle without losing the present
advantage of the "braid" revolving on a running spindle.
Secondly, I claim with regard to the doubling frame, the method shown, or
any modification thereof, of causing the breaking or absence of a thread, either
at back or in front of the delivering rollers, or the slackening or breaking of a
spindle band, to stop simultaneously the revolution of both the upper and lower
corresponding delivering rollers and spindle.
And, thirdly, in the roving frame, or in the "throstle," I claim the method
shewn, or any modification thereof, of preventing "waste," by causing the
breaking or absence of a roving or thread in front of the drawing rollers, to
stop its corresponding drawing rollers, except the front pair, as above
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Bury, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.