An Improved Disintegrating Machine.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 6th Sept., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Disintegrating Machine.
I, RICHARD SAUERBREY of Stassfurt in the Empire of Germany, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention refers to improvements in the well known class of machines called
disintegrators, which effect the breaking up or reduction of various materials, by
means of the rapid rotation of bars or pins attached to disks, between which the material
is beaten or torn asunder until sufficiently separated.
In my improved disintegrator which I call a "dissipator" the flat disks hitherto
employed, whether horizontal or vertical, are discarded for conical operating surfaces
likewise fitted with pins or pegs, one of which surfaces revolves on a vertical shaft,
and consequently causes the material between them to move in a centrifugal
direction.
I will now describe my machine with reference to the accompanying drawings in
which
Fig. 1 shows a front elevation partly in section of the apparatus.
Fig. 2 shows a side elevation of the same with the outlet t.
Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the upper surface of the lower cone.
Fig. 4 shows a plan of Fig. 2 with the trough g, shewn in dotted lines.
In constructing my machine I make the upper cone or cover M, fixed, and I cause
the lower cone k, to revolve by attaching it to the vertical shaft n, which receives
motion from the pulley m. A special feature of my machine is the method of arranging.
the pins s, upon the upper surface of the cone k. As will be seen in Fig. 3 which
represents the cone as a plane, they are fixed in concentric circles, and in spiral lines
on the steep incline of the cone, so as to facilitate centrifugal movement of the material
acted upon.
By this arrangement it follows that the revolving pins act as the fan of a blower
and draw in from above, by suction, a suitable current of air, which prevents the escape
of dust, all such particles being carried below by the draught with the divided
material. By the same means choking of the open spaces between the points is
rendered impossible.
This arrangement of the points in curved lines is applicable to all other machines
fitted with heating or tearing points, in order to effect a similar result.
The material fed through the hopper A, is thus brought between the pins by means
of the air suction, and is impelled forward by its own weight, and the centrifugal
action of the cones, and is there torn and split, and thus divided passes on to the annular
trough g.
The fineness or coarseness of the product can be regulated as desired by increasing
or decreasing the revolutions of the machine.
The surface of the cone inclines about 30 degrees and the material consequently
passes through with very little friction. The ordinary product will be about the size
of large shot.
If it is required finer the annular ridges o, are used between the cones K. These
ridges obstruct the direct passage of the material and prevent its travelling in a straight
unimpeded course through the cone shaped enclosure.
The material being arrested by the ridges o, is heaped upon them, but cannot remain
there, as owing to the centrifugal force it is again thrown against the cone-shaped
cover, whence it rebounds and falls against the next ridge o, and so on. Consequently
the material takes a zig-zag course through the machine and remains between the
го

page_text: cones longer than it would if the ridges o, were not present, whereby a finer result is
obtained.
Should a coarse product be desired it is only necessary to diminish the speed of the
machine.
It is not necessary to complicate the machine by adding a spiral-formed guiding
chamber to direct the material towards an Archimedian screw as the blower action will
cause it to travel correctly.
An annular receiving trough g, is provided which receives the reduced material,
and this is furnished with one or more outlets l, and with a revolving plate r, attached
to the rotating cone against which the material is held by atmospheric pressure until
revolving carries it against the stop B, fixed over the outlet 7, and thus directs it into 1,
with the exhaust air current. Thus friction is almost entirely avoided.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed; I declare that what
I claim is
1. In machines for disintegrating and like purposes, the use of bodies or disks
having conical surfaces fitted with pins pegs or hooks, for breaking up or tearing
apart various substances, one of the said bodies rotating rapidly in face of the other
which is fixed; as herein described and set forth.
2. In machines for disintegrating and like purposes, the arrangement in curved
radial lines or spirally, of the beating pins or tearing hooks, whereby a descending air
current is created, and the separated material is blown forward by the current so as
to prevent the escape of dust, as herein described and set forth.
3. In machines for disintegrating and like purposes the combination of ridges upon
a rotating cone in order to compel the material being operated on to take a zig-zag
course and thereby become further reduced; as herein described and set forth.
4. In machines for disintegrating and like purposes, the combination with the
revolving surfaces of an annular plate revolving in a fixed annular trough for receiving
the product; the said trough being furnished with arms or straight edges for guiding
the product into suitable outlets, as herein described and set forth.
Dated this cit
1000
KONAUM
.
מז לדCar netan
S. S. BROMHEAD,
97, Newgate Street, London, Patent Agent.