Improved Means of Heating Revolving Cylinders or other Moving Chambers for Calendering and like Purposes by Gas and Air.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 14th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 21st Dec., 1888
Improved Means of Heating Revolving Cylinders or other Moving
Chambers for Calendering and like Purposes by Gas and Air.
I ROBERT CRAWFORD of 12 Alfred Street in the Borough of Belfast and County
of Antrim in Ireland, Hemstitcher and Finisher do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
--
The object of my invention is to secure economy, steady flame and avoidance of
accumulations of carbonaceous and other deleterious products of gas in the combustion
thereof when applied in combination with atmospheric air, as heretofore practised, to
the heating of revolving cylinders or other moving chambers employed for calendering
and like purposes.
For this purpose, in addition to the combined gas and air above mentioned, I force
into the cylinder or chamber so employed, by means of a blower or fan or other
ordinary mechanical appliance, a diffused current of atmospheric air by which I secure
the perfect combustion of the gas so that the revolving or moving surface when
struck by the flame thereof shall not carry away and prevent the combustion of
the deleterious elements or particles of the gas which are liable to extinguish the
flame.
According to my invention this current of atmospheric air is introduced within and
diffused through the cylinder or chamber by a perforated pipe.
Dotal thin 12th don of Bahru 1998
HYNDMAN & DICKSON,
6, Waring Street, Belfast,
Agents for Applicant.

page_text: improved means of ritatius
Chambers for Calendering and like Purposes by Gas and Air.
I, ROBERT CRAWFORD of 12 Alfred Street in the City of Belfast, and County of
Antrim in Ireland, Hemstitcher and Finisher do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to secure economy, steady flame and avoidance of
accumulations of carbonaceous and other deleterious products of gas in the combustion
thereof when applied in combination with atmospheric air, as heretofore practised, to
the heating of revolving cylinders or other moving chambers employed for calendering
and like purposes.
For this purpose, in addition to the combined gas and air above mentioned, I force
into the cylinder or chamber so employed, by means of a blower or fan or other
ordinary mechanical appliance, a diffused current, of atmospheric air by which I secure
the more perfect combustion of the gas so that the revolving or moving surface, when
struck by the flame thereof, shall not carry away and prevent the combustion of
the portions of the gas which are liable to extinguish the flame and little or none of
the inflammable mixture will escape unconsumed as heretofore.
According to my invention this current of atmospheric air is introduced within and
diffused through the cylinder or chamber by a perforated pipe.
And in order that the said invention may be more fully understood I shall now
proceed to describe the drawings on the sheet hereunto annexed, the same letters of
reference being used throughout all the figures to indicate the same or corresponding
parts of my apparatus.
Fig. I. is a sectional plan of part of an ironing or calendering machine shewing the
ordinary roller or cylinder with the pipe introducing the mixture of gas and air at
one end thereof and the burners or jets at which such mixture is lighted according to
the usual practice: also a perforated pipe for diffusing a current of atmospheric air
extending nearly to the same end of the roller or cylinder and connected, by a bend,
with a pipe introducing such current from the opposite end.
Fig. II. is an enlarged cross section of the roller or cylinder, the pipe introducing
the mixture of gas and air and the burners or jets and the perforated pipe for diffusing
the current of atmospheric air, and
Fig. III. is an enlarged detail shewing the connections of the several pipes by which
the mixture of gas and air and the atmospheric air are introduced and diffused within
the roller or cylinder.
a is a section of the roller or cylinder of an ordinary ironing or calendering machine
into which a mixture of gas and air is introduced through the pipes, b and c, respec-
tively by the pipe, d, and delivered through the branches, e, e, to the perforated tubes
or burners,,, where it is ignited for the purpose of heating such roller or cylinder,
as commonly practised. Into this roller or cylinder 1 force a current of atmospheric

page_text: air through the pipe, g, at the opposite end thereof by means of a blower fan or other
ordinary mechanical appliance, as already stated, and I diffuse such air through the
roller or cylinder by the aid of a perforated pipe, h, which is connected by a perforated
bend, with the pipe g. In order to prevent the air contained within the roller or
cylinder from revolving with it and extinguishing the burning mixture I employ thin
metal plates or screens, 1, 1, fixed radially upon the central pipe, d, between the
perforated tubes or burners, ff, and extending as near to the inner surface of the
roller or cylinder as is consistent with the rotation thereof.
The perforated pipe h, like the pipe, d, the branches, e e, and the perforated tubes or
burners, ff, is stationary and does not revolve with the roller or cylinder, a.
The atmospheric air, being introduced by the pipe, g, and forced through the per-
forated pipe, h, affords an extra supply of oxygen which ensures the more complete
combustion of the mixture at the tubes or burners, and little or none of such mixture
is carried off by the motion of the roller or cylinder unconsumed, as heretofore.
By a slight modification of the apparatus I have described I can accommodate and
apply it to the heating of any rotating roller, cylinder or other chamber employed for
calendering and the like purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The use, in rotating heated rollers or cylinders for calendering and like purposes,
of a forced current of air introduced and distributed substantially in the manner
and for the purposes hereinbefore described and shewn in the drawings hereunto
annexed.
2. The use, in rotating heated rollers or cylinders for calendering and like purposes,
of a perforated air distributing pipe and metal plates or screens constructed and
employed substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before described and
shewn in the drawings hereunto annexed.
3. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting my air introducing and
diffusing and combustion aiding apparatus constructed and applied substantially in
the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated by the
drawings hereunto annexed.
Dated this 12th day of November 1888.
HYNDMAN & DICKSON,
6 Waring Street, Belfast,
Agents for Applicant.