IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR CALCINING ORES AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Warne Chenhall, of Morriston, in the County of
Glamorgan, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
FOR CALCINING ORES AND OTHER MATERIALS.”
Scaled the 8th June 1880, and dated the 24th December 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Warne Chenhall at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th December 1879.
JAMES WARNE CHENHALL, of Morriston, in the County of Glamorgan, Civil
Engineer. *IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR CALCINING ORES AND OTHER
MATERIALS."
"
My improved furnace consists of a flat bed to contain the material for calcination,
the sides of which form a circle and a round horizontal moveable top or arch, the
latter being made either entirely of iron or of brickwork encased in a circular iron
band. To the outside of the moveable top are attached a cogged ring and machinery
for revolving, also three or more projecting arms with wheels to run on a circular
iron rail outside, which forms the support of the moveable top. Suspended from
the top of the furnace and reaching nearly to the level of the bed are six or more
cast iron ploughs or scrapers placed at unequal distances from the centre with their
faces so adjusted as to stir up the whole of the charge at each revolution of the top,
thus stirring by hand labour is unnecessary.
At the circumference of the top is placed an iron ring or flange projecting down-
wards for a few inches in a fixed circular groove which contains sand, thus forming
a lute.
Air is admitted to the interior of the furnace through an opening in the side,
and the gaseous products of combustion escape through a similar opening on the
opposite side.
The furnace is heated by a fire place and flues underneath the bed of the furnace,
which is made of earthen tiles or slabs; or heated air may be introduced inside the
furnace through the opening at the side.
The material for calcination is introduced through an opening in the top and
withdrawn through a doorway at the side.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Warne Chenhall in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th
June 1880.
JAMES WARNE CHENHALL, of Morriston, in the County of Glamorgan, Civil
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR CALCINING ORES AND OTHER
MATERIALS,"
My improved furnace consists of a flat bed to contain the material for calcination,
the sides of which form a circle and a round horizontal moveable top or arch, the
latter being made either entirely of iron or of brickwork encased in a circular iron
band. To the outside of the moveable top are attached a cogged ring and machinery
for causing the top to revolve; also three or more projecting arms with wheels to
run on a circular iron rail outside, which forms the support of the moveable top
suspended from the top of the furnace, and reaching nearly to the level of the bed
are six or more iron ploughs or scrapers placed at unequal distances from the centre,
with their faces so adjusted as to stir up the whole of the charge at each revolution
of the top, thus rendering stirring by hand labour unnecessary.
At the circumference of the top is placed an iron ring or flange projecting
downwards for a few inches in a fixed circular groove which contains sand, thus
forming a lute.
This furnace may be used either with or without direct contact of the fire with
the ore being calcined. In either case the furnace is heated by a fire place and
flues placed underneath the bed of the furnace, which are made of earthen tiles
or slabs.
When heat is applied under the bottom of the furnace only, air is admitted to
the interior of the furnace through an opening in the side. The gaseous products of
combustion escape through a similar opening on the opposite side.
When direct contact of the ore with the gases from the fire place is not
objectionable I prefer that method of applying beat.
A furnace constructed according to my Invention is shown by the annexed
Drawings. Figure 1 is a sectional elevation, Figure 2 is a plan, Figures 3, 4,
and 5 are horizontal sections on the lines A B, BC, CD, on Figure 1 respectively;
Figure 6 is a front elevation of the furnace with the moveable top or arch
removed; Figures 7 and 8 are sectional elevations on the lines DE, E F, on
Figure 1 respectively.
The fire place is shown outside the circular bed, the fire gases passing first over
the ore and then in flues underneath.
The material for calcination is introduced through an opening in the top
marked X, Figure 2, and withdrawn through a door way at the side marked Y,
Figure 5.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to
the exact details shewn and described, but I claim,—
First. The construction of a furnace for calcining ores and other materials with a
moveable top or arch carrying ploughs or scrapers, substantially as described.
Second. My improved furnace, substantially as described and represented by the
annexed Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Warne Chenhall, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty first day of June, in the year of our Lord
One tha aight L..
JAMES WARNE CHENHALL. (L.S.)