IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SEWING AND STITCHING
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Tiot Judkins, of No. 22, Ludgate Street, in
the City of London, Sewing Machine Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SEWING AND STITCHING."-A communi-
cation from abroad by Richard Mott Wanzer, of Hamilton, Canada
West, in Her Majesty's Colony of North America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Tiot Judkins
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 19th December 1863.
I, CHARLES TIOT JUDKINS, of No. 22; Ludgate Street, in the City of London,
Sewing Machine Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SEWING AND STITCHING," being
a communication to me from abroad by Richard Mott Wanzer, of Hamilton;
Canada West, in Her Majesty's Colony of North America, to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in, firstly; attaching a new and improved break to
prevent the band wheel from reversing by means of a break board hung over
the back or front part of the wheel (dependent on which way the wheel is to
revolve), this break board is suspended by a hinge at some convenient place
on the under side of the stand or table on which the sewing machine rests,

page_text: the point of the break board when brought into contact with the periphery of
the band wheel will immediately prevent the machine from going the wrong
way, preserving the needle and threads from breaking, as may be seen by the
annexed diagram Fig. 1.
A is the wheel which revolves in the direction of the arrow B; C the
break board suspended from a centre or hinge D. This break board may be
operated on in any way with a lever or any other contrivance to bring it into
or off from contact with the wheel, or it will be self-acting if placed at a
proper angle.
The second improvement is to increase the amount of force given to the
needle in piercing several thicknesses of cloth, or in piercing leather or any
hard material. This is accomplished by placing a spring over the lever E as
shewn in Fig. 2, and giving any amount of tension to that spring necessary
for the thickness or hardness of the material to be sewn. Fig. 2 represents a
side elevation of the lever E radiating from the centre F, over which is placed
a stud G, to which is fastened a spring H, the end of this spring resting on
the lever. When it is necessary to have more power to force the needle
through the material the friction roller I is brought into contact with the
spring, and in proportion to the amount of tension required on the springs so
the friction roller I is conveyed either towards or from the stud G, the roller
being moved and governed by suitable apparatus.
of "binder,"
that only one
It also has an
The third improvement in sewing machines is a new form
which instrument can be adjusted to any width of binding so
"binder" is necessary to a machine and suited to any width.
adjustment at right angles with the former to bring it immediately under the
needle, this instrument is represented in Figs. 3, 4, and 5; Fig. 3, a side
elevation; Fig. 4, an end elevation, and Fig. 5, a plan of the same. The
instrument is fastened on to the machine through the adjusting slot hole A.
Through the same piece of metal is passed a rod or spindle B on the end of
which is fastened a taper guide C, which not only regulates the width of the
tape or embroidering material, but also its thickness. At whatever position
the guide C may be placed the tape plays between it and the turned over
points D of the clip pieces E and F. The former being a part of the body of
the instrument, and the latter adjusted as to height or distance by sliding in
the dovetail groove G as shewn in plan, and fastened by the screw H, so that
at whatever distance, width, or position the embroidery may be in relation to
the needle or its place on the material to be sewn, this instrument will fit
any requirement without having more than one binder to a machine.
What I claim as new, is,

page_text: Firstly, the break for preventing the wheel from reversing, as herein shewn
and described.
Secondly, the attachment of a spring of any form on the top of the lever of
the sewing machine or on to the top of the needle slide, to give an increased
force if necessary for sewing strong or thick materials, as herein described.
Thirdly, the "binding" apparatus, as fully shewn and described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Tiot Judkins in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th June 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
TIOT JUDKINS, of 22, Ludgate Street, in the City of London, Sewing Machine
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Charles Tiot Judkins, Her special license that I, the said Charles Tiot
Judkins, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Charles Tiot Judkins, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINES FOR SEWING AND STITCHING," being a communication to
me from abroad by Richard Mott Wanzer, of Hamilton, Canada West, in
Her Majesty's Colony of North America, upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Charles Tiot Judkins, my executors or administrators by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Tiot Judkins, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by.
the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings here-

page_text: uno annexed, and to the ngures and fetters marked thereon (that is to
say):-
My improvements consist in, firstly, attaching a new and improved brake to
prevent the hand or fly wheel of sewing machines from going the reverse way,
which is effected by means of a brake board hung over the back or front of
the wheel (dependent on which way the wheel is to revolve); this brake board
is suspended by an hinge at some convenient place immediately over the rim
of the fly wheel, and is fastened on the under side of the table or stand on
which the sewing machine rests; the point of the brake board, when brought
into contact with the periphery of the hand or fly wheel, will immediately
prevent the machine from going the wrong way, thereby preserving the needle
and threads from breaking, as may be seen by the annexed Diagram Figure 1.
A is the wheel, which revolves in the direction of the arrow B; C is
the brake board, which is suspended from a hinged centre D. This brake
board may be operated on in any way with a lever or any other contrivance,
to bring it into or off from contact with the wheel A, or it will be self-acting
if placed at a proper angle,
The second improvement is to increase the force given to the needle in
piercing several thicknesses of cloth, or in piercing leather or any hard mate-
rial; this is accomplished by placing a spring over the lever F, as shewn in
Figure 2, and by the tension of such spring gives any amount of pressure and
force to the lever F, and suiting any thickness of material to be sewn.
Figure 2 represents a side elevation of the lever F radiating from a centre G,
over which is placed a stud II, to which is fastened a spring I, the end of this
spring resting on the lever when it is necessary to have more power to force
the needle through the material. The friction roller J is brought into contact
with the spring, and in proportion to the amount of tension required in the
spring, so the friction roller J is conveyed either towards or from the stud H,
the roller being moved and governed by any suitable apparatus.
The third improvement in sewing machines is in the construction and
arrangement of a new form of "binder," which instrument can be adjusted to
any width of binding, so that only one binding apparatus is necessary to effect
any kind of binding. It also has an adjustment at right angles to bring it
immediately under the needle. This instrument is represented in Figures 3,
4, and 5. Figure 3 is a side elevation, Figure 4 an end elevation, and Figure
5 a plan of the same. The instrument is fastened on to the machine through
the adjusting slot hole A'; through this same piece of metal is passed-a rod
or spindle B', on the end of which is fastened a taper guide C, which not
only regulates the width of the tape or embroidering material, but also its

page_text: thickness. At whatever position the guide C¹ is placed the tape or em-
broidering material plays between it and the turned over points D' of the clip
pieces E and F1, the former being a part of the body of the instrument and
the latter adjusted as to height or distance by sliding in the dovetail groove
G', as shewn in the plan Fig. 5, and is fastened by the screw H¹, so that at
whatever distance, width, or position the embroidery may be in relation to
the needle or its place on the material to be sewn, this instrument will fit
every requirement without having more than one binder to a machine.
Having now described the nature of my Invention of improvements in
machines for sewing and stitching, and the manner in which the same is to be
performed, I would remark that I do not confine myself to the precise details.
represented in the Drawings as long as the main features of my improvements
are maintained. What I claim as of my Invention is,-
Firstly, the brake, for preventing the hand or fly wheel of sewing machines
from reversing, as herein shewn and described.
Secondly, the attachment of a spring of any form on the top of the radial
arm or lever of a sewing machine, or on to the top of the needle slide; also
the adjustable roller, to increase or decrease the power of the spring, thereby
increasing or decreasing the force of the needle entering the material, as
shewn and described.
Thirdly, the adjustable binding apparatus, as fully shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Tiot Judkins, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
C. T. JUDKINS. (L.S.)