Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Apr., 7888
Complete Specification Left, 11th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 16th Mar.,
1889
We JOSEPH STANNAH and GEORGE PINKER both of 20 Southwark Bridge Road in
the County of Surrey Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention has for its object improvements in the construction of hydraulic
cranes or lifts in such manner that three or more powers may be obtained from one
hydraulic machine using for each power a corresponding quantity of water.
In order to effect this for three powers we employ two cylinders the smaller one
being turned on the outside and bored one uniforin size the entire length and thus
free to slide on a gland so as to form a plunger or ram to the outer cylinder. This
we call the larger plunger or ram and sliding in this larger plunger or ram there is a
smaller one.
The ram head carrying the multiplying sheave or sheaves is loose and is not
secured to either of the rams or plungers but is free to slide on suitable guides when
pushed up by either ram.
The joint between the main outer cylinder and the large plunger or ram is kept
tight by an ordinary gland or a cup leather and the joint between the large plunger
or ram and the smaller one is kept tight by a gland which is loose on either plunger.
To prevent this loose gland from being blown out we form a collar or flange on the
top of each plunger or ram that on the large ram being detachable and that on the
inner one being cast or forged solid with the plunger or rau.
Whichever ram is held down also holds down the loose gland but when both rams.
run out then the gland runs out with them.
In order to hold the outer ram down we employ two or more pawls which are
thrown into action by a screw or screws or other mechanical contrivance and to
prevent the inner ram from running out we form a recess or groove round the
bottom and into this groove we place two or more dogs or pawls well secured
to the bottom cover of the outside fixed cylinder. Portions of the bottom of the
ram are cut through sufficient to free the catches when the said ram is

page_text: turned round into a certain position. For the purpose of throwing this ram in
and out of gear we find it advantageous to employ રી worm and wheel but ar
ordinary lever may be used in order to give the ram a portion of a turn.
This improved arrangement of hydraulic hoisting machinery gives three lifting
powers with two rains viz :-
1st. When the small inner ram runs out the larger one is being held down.
2nd. When the outer ram runs out the inner one is being held down.
3rd. When both rams are arranged to run out.
In like manner six or other number of powers may be obtained with three rams.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Hoisting Machinery.
We, JOSEPH STANNAH and GEORGE PINKER both of 20 Southwark Bridge Road
in the County of Surrey, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object improvements in the construction of hydraulic
cranes or lifts in such manner that three or more powers may be obtained from one
hydraulic machine using for each power a corresponding (i.e. proportionate) quantity
of water.
In order to effect this for three powers we employ two cylinders the smaller one
being turned on the outside and bored one uniform size the entire length and thus
free to slide in a gland so as to form a plunger or ram (open at its lower end) to the
outer fixed cylinder. This we call the larger plunger or ram and sliding in this
larger plunger or ram there is a smaller ono which is not open at its lower end.
The ram head carries the multiplying sheave or sheaves is loose and is not secured
to either of the rams or plungers but is free to slide on suitable guides when pushed
up by either ram.
The joint between the main outer cylinder and the larger plunger or ram is kept
tight by any ordinary gland or a cup leather and the joint between the large plunger
or ram and the smaller one is kept tight by a gland which is loose on either plunger.
To prevent this loose gland from being blown out we form a collar or flange on the
top of each plunger or ram that on the large ram being detachable and that on the
inner one being detachable also or it may be cast or forged solid with the plunger
or ram.
Whichever is held down also holds down the loose gland but when both rams run
out then the gland runs out with them.
In order to hold the outer ram down we employ two or more pawls which are
thrown into use by a screw or screws or other suitable mechanical contrivance, and to
prevent the inner ram from running out we form a recess or groove round the bottom
and into this groove we place two or more dogs or studs well secured to the bottom
cover of the outside fixed cylinder. Portions of the bottom of the ram are cut through
sufficient to free these catches when the said ram is turned round into a certain
position. For the purpose of locking and unlocking the rams we find it advantageous
to employ small hydraulic cylinders but a worm and wheel or other contrivance may
be used in order to give the rams a portion of a turn.
This improved arrangement of hydraulic hoisting machinery gives three lifting
powers with two rams vizt.
1st. When the small inner ram runs out the larger one is held down.
2nd. When the outer ram runs out the inner one is held down.
3rd. When both rams are arranged to run out.
In like manner more powers may be obtained with three or more rams.
Instead of using pawls to hold down the outer ram we may form a groove round
the bottom of this and cut it through as described above for the inner ram.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate our invention of a variable power apparatus
for hydraulic lifts cranes and other hoisting machinery.
Figure 1 is a sectional front elevation of such apparatus. Figure 2 a side elevation
partly in section, Figure 3 a section on line . x (Figure 2) and Figure 4 a cross
section of the bottom part of the rams showing the grooves cut through for locking
and unlocking.
a is the main cylinder. bis the outer ram open at the bottom. c the small inner
ram. d are the studs or dogs for holding down the rams. e is the inner gland free
to slide on either ram. f is the outer gland. 9, 9 are the cylinders for turning the
rams the racks h being formed on the piston rods or rams which gear into teeth which
in the case of the outer ram are formed on the collar i and for the inner ram are
formed on the segment of a wheel which is keyed on to a spindle k the end of which
spindle is squared to fit into a similar hole in the small ram c. The action of the
apparatus is as follows:-Supposing both rams b and c are turned in such a position
that the slots marked p (see Figure 4) come under the heads of the studs or dogs d
then both rams will be driven out by the water pressure and the apparatus will exert
its full power but if either of the rams are turned in such a position that the
hends of the studs or dogs come over the ledge of solid metal on the lower end of such
ram then the said ram will be held down and the free ram only will run out exerting
only a portion of the full power of the apparatus.
By these improvements we are enabled to work our apparatus at any of its variable
powers with only one water inlet valve o owing to all the rams excepting the innermost
one having open bottoms and this feature constitutes a most important part of our
present invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is,
1. In hydraulic hoisting machinery the arrangement and construction of two rams
working in one outer cylinder substantially in the manner and for the purposes
hereinbefore described and as represented in the drawings hereunto annexed.
2. The method of holding the rams down by causing the ends to engage in fixed
studs or dogs when the said rams are turned partly round substantially as set forth.
3. The use and application of a loose gland between the rams for the purpose of
keeping the same water tight, substantially as set forth.
4. The improved construction of hydraulic hoisting machinery combined and
arranged to act substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the Drawings hereunto annexed.
Dated this 11th day of January 1889.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.,
Agents for the Applicants.