Improvements in Cash Registers.
Year: 1892

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cash Registers.
I, GEORGE BOEMERMANN, of 1155, Fulton Street, Brooklyn, in the County of
King and State of New York, one of the United States of America, Mechanician,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
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This invention relates to machines or apparatus employed to register and
indicate the amounts received from sales, to add up such amounts, and to print the
amount of each sale in numerals on a slip or ticket.
:-
A machine or apparatus embodying my invention is of the following
description By rotating a pull or pulls, conspicuous numerals, designating the
sum in cash received, are displayed and type-wheels are set for printing the
amount on a ticket; by drawing out the pull, or that pull designated the "master
pull," a gong is sounded, a cash-drawer is unlocked and protruded, and the sum
received, together with the date and time it was received, is printed on a ticket,
which is simultaneously cut off from a strip. When the pull is turned back to
zero, the sum received is added up in an adding machine within the casing, and,
when the pull is pushed "home," the strip whence the tickets are cut is fed forward
under the printing wheels ready for the next printing operation.
One of the characteristic and important features of my machine is the incorpora-
tion therewith of clock mechanism for actuating the type-wheels which print the
date and time in numerals on the tickets.
As herein illustrated and described, the apparatus is arranged to register, print
and add up numerals on the decimal system, and is adapted for use with dollars
and cents of United States currency; but it will be readily understood that it can
be made to suit the currency of other nations without departing in the slightest
degree from the principles of my invention.
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32
The primary operating element of the machine is a pull, which I call the
"master pull. This pull controls the gong, the drawer-lock, the printing
mechanism, and the adding and displaying mechanisms and type-wheel for the
cents of the purchase; that is, for the sum of 5 cents, or 10 cents, or 15 cents, etc.,
up to 95 cents. There is another pull which I term, for convenience, a "dollar.
pull this pull controls the type-wheel for printing the "dollars" of a purchase,
and the separate mechanism for adding up the dollars received. There may be
more than one of these "dollar" pulls, though there is only one in the machine
illustrated in the accompanying drawings. I have shown the "dollar" pull as
controlling the printing on the ticket of the words "quart" and "pint," as
hereinafter described.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. Lis a front elevation, on a comparatively small scale, of a machine embodying
my invention.
Fig. 2 is an elevation of the mechanism on the right-hand side of the machine;
the type-wheels, a part of the pull-spindle and stop-mechanism, the casing, the
cash-drawer and its housing being, however, in section.
Fig. 2 is a detail view of the printing roller and flanged track.
Fig. 3 is an elevation of the mechanism on the left-hand side of the machine; the
casing, the cash-drawer and housing being in section.
Fig. 4 is an elevation of the mechanism at the rear of the machine; the casing
being in section.
Figs. 4 and 4 are detail views, and Fig. 5 is a sectional view, hereinafter
more particularly referred to.

page_text: Fig. b is a sectional view mainly illustrative of the stop-devices connected with
the pulls.
Fig. 7 is a separate face view of the device for severing the printed ticket or
check from the strip; Fig. 7 being a plan view of the lever mechanism embodied
therein.
Fig. 8 is a plan of the mechanism for locking and unlocking the cash-drawer ;
some of the adjacent mechanism being also included.
Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12 are detail views on a larger scale of the type-wheels and
the mechanism whereby the clock or timepiece operates the said type-wheels for
printing on the ticket the number of the day of the month and the time of day.
Fig. 13 represents the ticket or check printed by the apparatus.
Fig. 14 is a detail view of a preventive device hereinafter described.
1 is a suitable base or housing for the cash-drawer 2. This drawer is adapted
to be pushed out, when released, by a spring, as in other apparatus of this class;
or, it may be so mounted as to run out under the influence of gravity when released.
It may have rollers 3 at the top of its inner end, which roll on the under surface of
the cover of the housing. Rollers such as 3 (Fig. 2) may be mounted in the
bottom of the housing for the drawer to rest and roll on. The rollers facilitate the
movement of the drawer. On the cover or top of the housing is mounted a suitable
frame 4, which serves to support the internal mechanism of the apparatus, and
fixed to this frame is a casing 5, usually of thinner material, which wholly encloses
and protects the mechanism.
Fig. 1 shows the form and arrangement I prefer to employ. Centrally situated
is the face or dial of the clock 6, which operates the type-wheels for printing the
time and the date, or a part of the date. At the left is a reel 7 carrying a strip of
paper 8, from which the ticket or check represented in Fig. 13 is cut. The
reel 7x (on the right in Fig. 1) is only employed for reeling the strip in case it
should be preferred not to cut it up into tickets. It has no other function, and
may be omitted when a cutter is used. On the right is the "master pull" 9, and
on the left the "dollar pull" 10. Above the clock are the sight-apertures 11
and 11; the one on the left exhibiting the amount indicated by the "dollar
pull, and the one on the right the amount indicated by the "master or "cents
pull.
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"
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On a rod 12 (Figs. 2, 3 and 4) mounted in the frame is the display "cents
wheel 13, which has marked on its periphery, in conspicuous figures, the
ciphers "0," "," "10," "15,” etc., up to "95"; these being brought in succession
before the sight-aperture 11ª when the wheel 13 rotates. The rotation of this
wheel may be effected, on turning the master pull 9, through the medium of the
spindle ya and suitable intermediate gearing. As shown, the gearing comprises a
bevel-wheel 14 fixed on the pull-spindle, which wheel gears with a bevel-wheel 14ª
on an upright shaft 15, and a bevel-wheel 16 on the upper end of the shaft 15;
the wheel 16 gearing with a bevel-wheel 16" on the display-wheel 13.
The master pull and its spindle can be rotated freely so as to set the wheel 13 in
any position desired; but, as it is not easy to rotate the pull to just the right point,
especially when the operator is hurried, I employ, in connection with the pull, a
stop-mechanism, which I will describe with special reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 6.
Keyed on the pull-spindle 9a is a carrier 17 (Fig. 2), wherein are mounted flat-
bodied push-pins 18, which can be pushed in or drawn out at will. In order,
however, for each pin to be held in its two positions so as to prevent accidental
disarrangement, it has in its under side two recesses; the rounded end of a spring-
detent 19 engaging in one when the pin is pushed in, and in the other when the
pin is pulled out. In its normal position, the pin is out. The detents are set in
sockets or recesses in the carrier. The push-pins are equally spaced and arranged
in two concentric rows; each pin having a button or head on which is marked a
number corresponding with one of the numbers on the display-wheel 13; that is,
the push-pins bear the ciphers "0," "5," "10," "15," etc., to "95." When the
pin marked "0" is pushed in and the master pull turned to the right until that

page_text: pin stops it, the cipher "0" will appear at the aperture 11, and the said pin will
be at the top or over the pull (Fig. 1). If, for example, the operator wish to
display the number "25" at the sight-aperture 11, he grasps the master pull and
at the same time pushes in the pin marked "25" with his thumb; he then turus
the pull to the right until the pin reaches the stopping point and prevents
further rotation of the pull, whereupon the number 25 on the wheel 13 can be
seen through the aperture.
$6
"
The mechanism whereby the push-pin stops the pull at the proper time comprises
a ratchet-wheel 20 fixed to the inner face of the carrier 17, which has twenty
teeth; that is, one tooth for each of the twenty push-pins. On the frame of the
machine, just above the wheel, is pivoted a pawl 21; its head being held out
of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 20 by the weight of its tail.
When one of the push-pins on the left is pushed in and the pull rotated to the
right, the inner end of the pin protrudes into the path of a projecting wiper-
cam 22 on the tail of the pawl. As the pin wipes under this cam, it raises the tail
of the pawl and causes the head of the same to instantly engage with a tooth of
the ratchet-wheel 20; thus arresting the further rotation of the pull. In Fig. 6, a
push-pin 18 is shown in section at the stopping point under the cam 22; the pawl
engaging with the ratchet-wheel. In reaching that position, the pin 18 wipes
under the head of and raises a gravity-latch 23, also pivoted to the frame. The
pull cannot be pushed in until it has been rotated back; that is, to the left.
During this movement, the inner end of the pin 18 wipes over a lateral bevel or
incline 23 on the head of the latch 23, which bevel or incline serves to push the
pin back into its normal position. The push-pin itself may be used as a stop, and
may impinge against a stud or the like. The principal object of the ratchet-device
is, however, to avoid so using the push-pin, which is comparatively fragile, and
would be liable to injury. The push-pins may, if preferred, be withdrawn by
hand. If a wrong pin be pushed in, it must necessarily be so withdrawn.
It is not essential that the tail of the pawl shall fall by gravity. The pawl
may be held by friction so that, when the ratchet-wheel 20 is rotated back, the
former is raised out of engagement with the latter by the ratchet-teeth.
The turning of the master pull and its spindle to the right serves to set the
66 cents type-wheel 21 (Figs. and 10). This wheel is held by a feather on the
pull-spindle 9, and turns with the latter, thereby carrying the number "25"
(supposing the pin 25 to have been pushed in) into position for printing as herein-
after explained.
The master pull is then drawn out as far as possible. This produces several
results nearly simultaneously. One of these is the sounding of a bell or gong 24*.
This bell has an ordinary spring-hammer 24", which is drawn back and released
by a pin or stud 25 on the upper end of a lever 26. This lever is pivoted at its
lower end to the frame, and engages at its upper end with a circumferential
groove 9b in the rear end of the pull-spindle 9ª. When the pull is drawn out, the
pin 25 engages with one arm of a spring-trip 24, the other arm of which acts on
the heel of the hammer and draws the latter back. Another result of drawing
out the pull is the unlocking and releasing of the.cash-drawer 2. The mechanism
for locking and unlocking the drawer is best seen in Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8. A
rocking shaft 66 is situated in the lower part of the frame, and on this shaft is
fixed an arm 66 furnished with a pin 66' which takes under a bent latch 27 hung
loosely on the shaft. The free end of this latch projects through an aperture in
the top of the housing 1, and engages, when the drawer pushed in, with a locking
notch 2 (Figs. 3 and 6) in the drawer 2. At the back of the frame is mounted
an upright rocking shaft 28, to which is fixed an arm 28" (Figs. 5 and 8), the end
whereof engages in the groove 9b (Fig. 4B) in the pull-spindle, whereby, when the
pull is drawn out, the shaft 28 is rocked on its axis. On the lower part of this
shaft 28 is a short arm or stud 28 (Fig. 5), which is so arranged as to wipe, when
the pull 9 is drawn out, under an inclined cam-stud 66° on an arm 66d fixed on
the shaft 66; thus momentarily rocking that shaft and causing the pin 66° (Fig. 6)

page_text: This
to lift the bent latch 27 and free the cash-drawer. When the arm 28 passes the
cam-stud 66, the latch again falls, and is ready to automatically lock the drawer
as soon as the latter is pushed in. The arm 66 (Figs. 4 and 8) has a lateral
boss 66°, which is embraced above and below between two springs 29, whereby the
shaft 66 is held in its normal position, but may be rotated to a limited extent
either way by pressing up or down on the arm 66. This allows the arm 28° to
wipe under the cam-stud 66°; and also to wipe over the same and depress the
arm 66 (when the pull 9 is pushed home again) without in any way affecting the
latch 27 during the latter movement. This enables the latch 27 to be lifted
momentarily and then dropped again into the position in which it remains until the
pull is again drawn out. The drawing out of the master pull also effects the
printing of the ticket or check represented in Fig. 13. The strip of paper 8 is
led from the reel 7 (Fig. 1) through a guide 7, then hetween two feed-rollers 30
(Figs. 3, 4 and 6), thence to the cutter-blade (hereinafter described) and afterwards
under a thin slotted plate 69 (Fig. 6) arranged beneath the type-wheels.
plate is mounted on the cutter-frame by means of links 69 (Fig. 7); the slot in
the plate being coincident with the lower row of type on the several printing
wheels so that the paper to form the ticket, which is below or under the plate, can
be printed on through the said slot. Over the plate and under the type-wheels
is arranged an ordinary inking ribbon 70 (Fig. 2), of the kind used on type-
writers. This ribbon is unwound from a spool 70 and rewound on a spool 70"
provided with a ratchet-wheel. The printing is effected by a roller 31, which
rolls along the under side of the ticket as the master pull 9 is drawn out, and
presses the ticket and ribbon upwardly against the row of type on the several type-
wheels. All the matter on the ticket shown in Fig. 13 is printed thereon as
follows: The letters "D. C." and the upright division bar are printed from
stationary type; the numeral "4" is printed from a 'dollar" type-wheel; the
number "65" from the 66
"
cents type-wheel 24 (Figs. 2 and 10); the
numeral "9" from a "month
type-wheel; the number "28" from a "day
type-wheel; the numeral " 4 from an "hour" type-wheel; the character "O"
from a "minute "
type-wheel the characters "PM" from a type-wheel con-
nected with the "hour" type-wheel; and the number "273," which is merely the
number of the ticket, from an ordinary consecutive-numbering machine.
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"
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The roller 31 is carried by a rod 31 (Fig. 2) pivoted to a rocking arm 32, which
is coupled by a link 33 to the operating lever 26. The manner of arranging this.
link enables a moderate movement of the lever 26 to impart a much greater
movement to the arm 32, and through it to the roller 31. The axle of the roller
first rides up a short incline on a flanged track 34 (Fig. 2A), which forces the
roller against the paper sufficiently to ensure the proper degree of impression for
printing the axle afterwards moving along the upper face of the track. When
the roller has passed off the ticket, and the pull 9 has been nearly drawn out,
the axle of the roller falls off the front end of the flanged track to a lower
level; the roller moving back under the track when the pull is pushed in. A
detent stud 32 in the arm 32 bears under the rod 31° and limits the descent of
that rod and consequently of the roller. The track 34 is hinged at its front end
to the frame, and is supported at its rear end by a leg 34", which rests on the bed-
piece of the frame. This allows the track to be lifted slightly by the axle of the
roller while the roller moves back under it. The roller is shown in its normal
position in Fig. 2. Just before it reaches that position, it leaves the track 34,
which thereupon falls until the leg 34ª bears against the bed-piece. This leaves
the track in the proper position for the roller to ride up the short incline on the
track, as already explained.
As the end of the paper strip destined to form the ticket must be free to fall
when printed and cut off, it is arranged below the other parts. In order to prevent
the same bending or curling downward, and more especially to support its inner
end, so that the roller 31 will be sure to take under it, I provide a precautionary
.device. A T-headed upright 35 (Figs. 2 and 2) projects from the free end of a

page_text: horizontal rocking arm 35ª, and engages under the strip of paper near the cutter
and holds that strip up to the plate 69. The rocking arm 35" is pivoted on the
same axis as the rocking arm 32; the latter arm playing between two pins 35b
and 35 on the former. When the rocking arm 32 is drawn back, it lifts the
T-headed upright 35. When, however, that arm is pushed forward, it depresses,
toward the end of its movement, the said upright and allows the severed ticket to
fall. The arm 35ª is held in both positions by a spring 35", which engages with a
shoulder on the upper part of the arm.
The inking ribbon is shifted after each printing operation by means of a hook 70°,
which engages with the teeth on the ratchet pertaining to the spool 70°; this pawl
being coupled to the rocking arm 32. The hook advances, slipping over the ratchet-
teeth, when the pull 9 is drawn out; but, when the pull is pushed in, it engages
with and rotates the ratchet-wheel and consequently the spool. A spring 70d presses
the hook into engagement with the ratchet-wheel; the latter being stopped against
backward rotation by an ordinary spring-catch 70°.
The device 36 (Figs. 2 and 10), for printing the numbers consecutively on the
tickets, is well known and needs no description. It is set or shifted at each
printing operation by means of an operating cam-arın 36%, which, on the drawing
out of the pull, is impinged upon by a toothed wheel 37 fixed on the pull-
spindle 9. This cam-arm is not, however, actuated until the printing of the
number has been effected and the impression-roller has passed the numbering
device 36.
The mechanism for severing the ticket from the strip 8 will now be described
with special reference to Figs. 7 and 74. In an auxiliary part 4 of the frame 4
there is formed a slit or transverse aperture 4", through which the end of the
strip 8 passes on its way from the feeding rollers 30. The course of the strip 8 is
indicated by a dotted line in Fig. 6. The metal of the frame forming the upper
margin of this slit is the stationary blade of the cutter. The other blade 39 is
mounted to play up and down in guides on the face of the frame 4"; this blade
moving upward in cutting. It is operated from the rocking lever 26 (Figs. 2
and 7) through the medium of a link 40 and a bell-crank lever 41 pivoted to the
cutter-frame 4". The short arm of the lever 41 is coupled to the link 40; the
other arm having a pin working in a slot in the blade 39. The pin 26* on
the lever 26 engages in a slot in the link 40, so that, while the master pull 9 is
being drawn out, the lever 26 cannot act on the cutter-blade during the first part of
the movement. When the pin 26 reaches the end of the slot, the lever acts
quickly on the blade; the ticket being severed from the strip 8 at the moment the
pull is fully drawn out.
The feed-rollers 30 are operated to feed the strip forward for the next ticket by
the pushing in of the master pull 9; and, as this pushing in of the pull also draws
down the blade 39, it is necessary to provide for the withdrawal of the blade at the
beginning of the inward movement of the pull in order that it may be brought out
of the way of the strip. To enable this to be done notwithstanding the slot in the
link 40, the following device is employed-On the link 40 is pivoted a hook 40ª,
on the free end of which is secured a cam 40' having an inclined nose. When the
parts are in their normal positions, as in Figs. 7 and 7, the nose of the cam 40°
rests on a fixed support 4 on the frame; the hook 40" being in this way held above
the slot in the link 40. A spring 40 bears on the back of the hook. When the
pull 9 is drawn out, the stud 26* moves along the slot in the link until it reaches
the end of the same, whereupon it begins to move the link. The movement of the
link carries the cam 40% off its support; the hook 40 then falling and engaging
with the stud 26*. When the pull 9 is pushed in again, the stud 26×, by its
engagement with the hook 40, carries the link back with it until the nose of the
cam 40 strikes the support 4 and rides up the same, which raises the hook and
frees the stud 26. The latter can then move along the slot until it reaches the end
of its travel. The support 4° may be of any suitable kind; for instance, it may be
a stationary part of the frame.

page_text: When the pull is fully drawn out, the toothed wheel 37 on the spindle 9* is
moved into gear with the wheel 37" of the adding mechanism 38. After the pull 9
has been rotated to the right to display the numeral or numerals of the sum
received, and has been finally rotated back again to zero, the sum received will
have been added up on the number-wheels of the adding mechanism. The pull 9
must be rotated back to zero (that is, to the starting point) before it can be pushed
home again. The device which ensures this consists of a latch-detent 42 (Fig. 2)
situated directly over and parallel with the pull-spindle. The free end of the
latch-detent is near the inuer face of the wheel 37". The wheel 37 has one deep
notch (Fig. 4) so placed that, when the pull 9 is at zero (as in Fig. 1), the
cipher "0" on the display-wheel 13 being at the aperture 11ª, this deep notch
coincides or registers with the latch-detent. It is only when this is the case that
the pull can be pushed home, for if the wheel 37 be turnel until the deep notch is
out of register with the latch-detent, any attempt to push in the pull will cause
the wheel to strike against the free end of the latch. In order to arrest the back-
ward rotation of the pull 9 at the proper point, a stop-piece 37b is fixed on the
wheel 37 so as to impinge against the side of the detent-latch when the deep notch
is brought into coincidence with the latch; the stop thereupon preventing further
rotation. When the pull is pushed in, the latch 42 does not prevent it from being
drawn out so long as one of the spaces between the teeth in the wheel 37 registers
with the latch, the lower edge of which is inclined. The wheel strikes against
the inclined part; thus raising the latch. The notches in the wheel 37 correspond
in number with the push-pins 18; there being in the present instance twenty of
each. To prevent the pull from being pushed back when partly drawn out, and
while the latch 42 is still lifted by the wheel 37, the lower edge of the latch is
provided with several projections. The rear side of cach projection is inclined so
that it cannot catch against the wheel while the pull is being drawn out.
The mechanism whereby the pushing in of the pull operates the feed-rollers
will now be described with special reference to Figs. 3 and 5. On the upright
rocking shaft 28, is fixed a bevelled segment-rack 43, which gears with a bevel-
wheel 44; the latter being mounted on and connected by a pawl and ratchet-wheel
to the axle of the lower feed-roller 30. When the pull is pushed in, the lower
roller is rotated; but, when the pull is drawn out, the wheel 44 turns on the
roller-axle without causing the rollers to move. The ratchet-mechanism employed
is best seen in Fig. 5, which is a vertical section taken in a plane behind the feed-
rollers and looking toward the rear of the machine. A four-toothed ratchet
wheel 38 is keyed on the axle of the lower feed-roller. A spring-pawl 44"
carried by an arm 44b fixed to the wheel 44 engages with the teeth of the ratchet-
wheel. Each time the pull 9 is drawn out, the pawl recedes and engages with the
next succeeding tooth of the ratchet-wheel; cach time the pull is pushed in the
pawl advancing and causing the ratchet-wheel to turn through one-fourth of a
revolution. A spring-stop 38 bears against the teeth of the ratchet-wheel and
prevents the backward rotation of the feed-rollers. The springs 38° (Figs. 4
and 6) keep the upper feed-roller pressed down upon the strip of paper.
The "dollar" pull 10 is provided with a spindle 10", a carrier 17x, and push-
pins 18 arranged in the same manner as described with reference to the "master
pull. Rotation of the pull 10 operates the display-wheel 13× through the medium
of an upright shaft 15* and bevel-wheels 14 and 16*; the numerals on the
wheel 13 appearing at the sight-aperture 11. The rotation of the pull 10 also
actuates the "dollar" type-wheel 45 through the medium of a rack 46 (Fig. 6)
arranged transversely and gearing with a toothed wheel 45* on the type-wheel 45
and with a toothed wheel 46 keyed on the spindle of the pull 10.
There are twelve push-pins 18× in the carrier connected with the pull 10 for
the nine digits and the cipher and for the "quart" and "pint" sales. As the sums
received for the two latter are usually other than 5, 10 or 15 cents, these sums
cannot be registered with the cents pull 9. I therefore provide for registering
them with the "dollar" pull simply by name and not by amount. This is effected

page_text: by providing the "dollar" type-wheel 45 with the abbreviations “Qt” and “Pt,”
which are printed on the ticket, in lieu of the sum received, whenever a quart or
pint is sold. In order to avoid operating the dollar-adding mechanism 38* (Fig. 3)
when a quart or pint is sold, the gear-wheel 37x on the spindle of the pull 10 has
several teeth cut away, so that this wheel, which would have normally twenty-
four teeth, will not gear with the wheel 37** of the adding mechanism when the
pull is rotated to an extent sufficient to register the quarts and pints.
<<
It is desirable to employ two similar adding mechanisms for the "dollars" and
cents," and to enable this to be done where one pull has twenty push-pins and
the other twelve, the gear-wheel 37× is made to gear with a wheel 37** loose on
the arbor of the adding mechanism 38* and having twenty-four teeth. This wheel
gears with a pinion 47* (Fig. 4), which gears with a wheel 47 with twenty teeth
fixed on the arbor aforesaid.
The pull 10 is provided with a spring latch-detent 42*, which acts in a similar
way to the latch-detent 42, but is arranged below the pull-spindle 10" and engages
with a deep notch (shewn by a dotted line in Fig. 4) in the lower side of the gear-
wheel 37*. In order to stop the pull 10 at the required point when turned back
after being drawn out, the spindle 10 is furnished at the inner end with a snail-
detent 48, the shoulder of which impinges on the free end of a spring-latch 48ª
(Fig. 4) pivoted to the frame. This latch is bevelled at the edge so as not to
interfere with the drawing out of the pull to its full extent, even when it stands in
the path of the laterally-projecting part of the snail-detent 48; the detent in that
event wiping over the bevelled part of the latch and pushing it on one side.
"
66
37
"
In the mechanism herein described with reference to Fig. 4 and Figs. 9 to 12
for enabling the clock 6 to actuate the "date and time type-wheels, the
"month" type-wheel 49 is mounted to rotate on the pull-spindle 9", and is set by
hand. It is held by an ordinary spring-stop. The "day" type-wheel 50), the
"hour" type-wheel 51, and the "minute type-wheel 52 are mounted loosely on
the pull-spindle 9, and are actuated or set by the clock through the medium of a
triple pawl and ratchets. For simplicity and convenience, I have arranged for the
"minute" type-wheel to be shifted at each 15 minutes (that is, four times per
hour). In printing on the ticket the abbreviations "A M," "PM," "N" and "M,"
which signify respectively the morning, afternoon, noon and midnight, I utilize a
type-wheel which is connected with the "hour" type-wheel 51 by a sleeve passing
through the boss or centre of the minute type-wheel 52; the latter turning loosely
on the sleeve. The clock 6 is not illustrated in detail, as it may be of the usual
kind. Just behind the clock there is arranged a transverse arm 62, which is
pivoted to the frame at one end and carries at the other end a triple pawl 53. A
spring 62 attached to the arm causes it to operate in an upward direction. The
arm has on its upper side a vertical shoulder 62h (Fig. 9), and on an axle 54
pertaining to the clock mechanism, which axle makes one complete revolution in an
hour, is fixed a four-toothed cam-wheel 55; the latter being arranged to depress
the arm and then allow it to be drawn up again by its spring once in every fifteen
minutes. The cam-wheel is situated near the shoulder and rotates in the direction
indicated by the arrow in Fig. 9. Immediately a tooth slips off the shoulder, the
arm is instantly drawn up by the spring 62ª. Fig. 9 shews the "day" type-
wheel 50 and the ratchet-wheel 50x fixed to that wheel and having thirty-one
teeth. This view also shows the shortest hook (53) of the triple pawl engaging
with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 50%. Fig. 11 represents the "hour type-
wheel 51 and the ratchet-wheel 51x fixed to that wheel and having twenty-four
teeth. In this figure, the longer hook (53) of the triple pawl is represented
engaging with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 51*. Fig. 12 illustrates the "minute
type-wheel 52 and the ratchet-wheel 52* fixed to that wheel and having also
twenty-four teeth. The longest hook (53) of the triple pawl is shown engaging
with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 52*.
Each tooth on the ratchet-wheel 52× represents fifteen minutes, and against
every fourth tooth is a deep notch 52**, into which the hook 53° of the pawl drops

page_text: at every hour and thus allows the hook 53% of the pawl to engage a tooth on the
ratchet-wheel of the "hour" type-wheel 51, which is then advanced one twenty-
fourth of a revolution at the next movement of the arm 62. When the hour
type-wheel has made a complete revolution, the hook 53 of the triple pawl (Fig. 11)
drops into a deep notch 51×× in the ratchet-wheel 51x, and allows the hook 53* of
the pawl to engage with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 50× of the "day" type-
wheel 50, and causes this wheel to advance to an extent corresponding with one
tooth. In months with less than thirty-one days, the ". day-wheel," where an
ordinary clock is employed, is advanced by hand at the end of the month. Each
ratchet-wheel is prevented from rotating backward by an ordinary spring stop-pawl,
such as 56 in Fig. 9. The hooks of the triple pawl are all shown in engagement
in Figs. 9, 11 and 12; that is, in the position they occupy at midnight.
As the pawl is apt to slip out of the ratchet-teeth on the sudden upward movement
of the arm, I employ, to counteract this, the device seen best in Fig. 9. The
pawl 53 has a slightly-tapering shank, and is held up to the ratchet-wheels by a
spring 53x. Its hooks engage with the teeth of the ratchet-wheels below the
common axle of the latter, so that, when the arm 62 rises, the pawl is swung
outward to a small extent. An arm 57 mounted on a rod above the ratchet-wheels
has a stop-pin 57*, which takes behind the pawl and prevents it from flying out as
the pawl is carried up. The taper of the pawl compensates for its outward
movement toward the stop-pin. The arm can be adjusted so as to enable this
stop-pin to be set with great accuracy.
"
The type 58 (Figs. 9 and 10), which prints the division mark or bar (Fig. 13)
between the "cents of the purchase and the number of the month, is arranged
between the " cents type-wheel 24 and the "month" type-wheel 49, and is
supported partly by the boss of that type-wheel and partly by the rod of the
frame carrying the stop-pawl 56. The type for printing the letters "D. C." may
be on an L-shaped branch from the type 58.
There are certain devices which govern the movements of the respective pulls,
and compel the attendant to operate the pulls in a particular order or way. For
example, the "dollar" pull 10 cannot be operated after the "master" pull 9 is
drawn out and before the latter is rotated. This result is effected by mechanism
shown in Figs. 4, 4 and 5. A transversely-arranged lever 59 is pivoted on the
axle of the upper feed-roller; its upturned ends bearing respectively under the
pull-spindles 9 and 10°. There is a slot or recess 374 (Fig. 4) in the boss 37° of
the wheel 37 mounted on the spindle 10". The toe 59 of the lever 59 normally
engages in this slot or recess; being pressed upward by the spring 59*. The
toe 59 is so bevelled that, when the pull-spindle 9ª is in a certain position, the
pull-spindle 10 can be turned to the right; the margin of the slot or recess
pushing back the lever. For this movement to take place, the toe 59° on the
other end of the lever must register with a groove 59° (Fig. 4B) in the pull-
spindle 9 the toe rising into the groove when the opposite end of the lever is
depressed. When the pull 9 is drawn out, the recess 59 no longer registers with
the toe 59, the lever cannot rock, and the toe 59ª prevents the rotation of the
pull 10.
If the "dollar" pull 10 be rotated, the "master" pull 9 cannot be drawn
out, as the toe 59' will then engage with the recess 59 by reason of the toe 59ª having
been forced out of the slot 37d of the pull 10. After the pull 10 has been withdrawn,
the pull 9 can be drawn out, as the drawing out of the pull 10 carries the boss of
the wheel 37 clear of the toe on the lever, and allows the lever 59 to rock;
its toe 59 being brought out of the recess in the pull-spindle 9" by the spring 59*.
As the toe 59 on the lever 59 registers with and engages in the slot or recess 37ª
in the wheel-boss 37 when the pull 10 is in its normal position, it follows that, after
the pull has been turned and drawn out, it must be turned back again before it can
be made to resume its normal position.
When both pulls have been drawn out, the "dollars" pull 10 must be pressed in
first in order to free the $
25
master pull 9, and allow it to be pushed in. The
mechanism controlling this is best seen in Figs. 3, 4 and 4°. A transversely-

page_text: arranged lever 60 is pivoted on the frame at the back of the apparatus. This lever
has an upturned toe 60", which takes under the pull-spindle 10, and a downwardly-
turned toe 60° taking over the pull-spindle 9*. A spring 60* (Fig. 4) bears on
the end of the lever next the pull-spindle 9, and keeps the toe 60 pressed upward
against the pull-spindle 10%. This serves to hold the toe 60" out of engagement
with the groove 9b (Fig. 4B) in the rear end of the spindle 9" when the pulls are
both pressed in but, when both are drawn out, the toe 60* occupies a recess or
circumferential groove 10 (Fig. 4°) in the spindle 10, and the toe 60° engages
with the groove 9b in the pull-spindle 9, and prevents the "master" pull from
being pushed in. When the pull 10 is pushed in, the taper or incline at the front
side of the groove 10 causes the lever 60 to rock; thereby releasing the pull 9.
The lever 60 does not prevent the rotation of the master pull.
A device to prevent the pulling out of the master pull 9 when only partly pushed
in is also provided. On the upright rocking shaft 28, near its foot, is secured a
ratchet-segment 81 having V-shaped notches between its teeth. On the base of
the frame is pivoted a V-shaped pawl 81". This pawl is furnished with a spring 61b,
which holds it normally in the position represented in Fig. 8; the point of the pawl,
its pivot and the shaft 28 being in a straight line. The position of the pawl is also
such that, when the pull 9 is pushed half way in, the straight line bisects the
segment 61. The pawl projects so far into the path of the teeth of the segment
that, when in engagement therewith, it occupies an oblique position, and the
segment must be moved in one direction far enough to clear the pawl and allow
the latter to right itself before the segment can be moved in the other direction.
Thus the pawl prevents the pull from being drawn back after having been pushed
in only part of the way.
When the master pull is drawn out, it cannot be pressed back again until the
drawer 2 is pushed in. This result is effected in the following way-To a short
arm 63 (Figs. 2 and 14) on the lever 26 is coupled the upper end of a bolt 63ª,
which extends through an aperture in the top of the housing 1. When the drawer
and the pull 9 are pushed in, the lower extremity of the bolt engages in an aperture
in a slide 64 mounted in the casing and also in a recess or hole 65 in the upper part
of the drawer. When the pull 9 is drawn out and the lever 26 caused to rock
forward, the lower end of the bolt 63ª stands just above the level of the plate 64.
When, however, the drawer is pushed out, the spring 64" forces the slide 64 under
the bolt until that slide comes into contact with a supporting bracket and stop 67.
If the operator then attempt to push in the pull 9, the bolt 63" bears against the
slide and prevents any inward movement of the pull. When the drawer is pushed
in, its inner end strikes a shoulder on the slide 64 and takes the slide back until it
reaches the position illustrated in Fig. 14, whereupon the bolt can enter the socket
in the drawer and does not prevent the pushing in of the pull.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim :-
:-
1. The improved cash register constructed and operating substantially as described
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. In a cash register, the combination, with a pull and its spindle capable of
rotation and of end wise movement, and type-wheels on that spindle for printing
the amount received and the time of its receipt on a strip or piece of paper, of
means operated by the pull for feeding the paper under the type-wheels, an inking
ribbon, a clock, mechanism between the clock and the type-wheel or wheels which
print the time whereby the former rotates and sets the latter intermittingly, an
impression-roller, and means arranged between the impression-roller and the pull
whereby the drawing out of the latter effects the printing, substantially as herein
set forth.
3. In a cash register, the combination, with a pull and its spindle, type-
wheels 50, 51 and 52 mounted on that spindle, and ratchet-wheels fixed to the
type-wheels as described, of a triple pawl 53 having hooks of different lengths

page_text: engaging with the teeth of the respective ratchet-wheels, a pawl-arm 62 and its
spring, a clock, and a cam-wheel 55 mounted on an arbor of the clock and arranged.
to act on the arm 62, substantially as herein set forth.
4. In a cash register, the combination, with a pull and its spindle, and type-
wheels mounted on that spindle, of an inking ribbon for printing from the
type-wheels, a plate 69 arranged under the ribbon and tape, a flanged pivoted
track 34 which supports and guides an impression-roller, the impression-roller,
mechanism between that roller and the pull whereby the said roller is operated by
the drawing out of the pull, and means for feeding paper into position for being
printed upon, substantially as herein set forth.
5. In a cash register, the combination, with the pull and its spindle, of a
carrier 17, push-pins 18 mounted therein and having heads marked with numerals,
a ratchet-wheel 20 rotating with the carrier 17, and a pawl 21 pivoted on the
frame and having a head adapted to engage with the ratchet-wheel, the pawl being
furnished with a cam 22 on its tail arranged in the path of the push-pins when the
latter are pressed in, whereby the said pins serve to put the nose of the pawl in
engagement with the ratchet-teeth, substantially as herein set forth.
6. In a cash register, the combination, with the pull and its spindle, of a
carrier 17, and push-pins mounted therein and adapted for being pushed in and
drawn out to a limited extent, of a latch 23 pivoted on the frame with its bevelled
head in the path of the protruding ends of the pins, which wipe under and raise
the latch when the pull is rotated forward, the latch-head having a lateral bevel or
incline 23 in the path of the pins, whereby the pins are pushed outward when the
pull is rotated backward, substantially as herein set forth.
7. In a cash register, the combination, with the pull and its spindle, of a
carrier 17 mounted thereon, push-pins 18 in the carrier, each pin having two
recesses, a spring-detent 19 in the carrier and adapted to engage with one of the
recesses when the pin is pushed in and with the other when the pin is pulled out,
and means operated by the push-pins for arresting the forward rotation of the pull,
substantially as herein set forth.
8. In a cash register, the combination, with a pull and its spindle, feed-rollers
for feeding a strip of paper to a cutter, and mechanism arranged between the pull
and the rollers whereby they are operated when the pull is pushed in, of a cutter
for severing a piece from the strip, such cutter comprising a frame, a stationary
blade, and a movable blade 39 mounted in guides on the frame, and mechanism
between the pull-spindle and the blade 39 for operating the latter, such intermediate
mechanism comprising a lever 26 rocked by the pull-spindle, an elbow-lever 41
coupled at one end to the cutter-blade, the link 40 coupled at one end to the
lever 41 and being loosely connected at its other end to the lever 26, the spring-
hook 40 pivoted to the link 40 having a hooked end adapted to engage with a
coupling stud 26* on the lever when the latter is rocked forward, a cam 40" carried
by the hook 40, and a fixed support in the path of the cam when the lever is
rocked backward whereby the hook is freed from the stud 28*, substantially as
herein set forth.
9. In a cash register, the combination, with the casing, a cash-drawer mounted
therein, a pull, and its spindle, of a rocking shaft 66, a loosely-hung latch 27
engaging in a recess in the drawer, means whereby the rocking of the shaft 66 in
one direction lifts the latch, an upright rocking shaft 28 operated by the pull, a
radially-projecting stud 28 on the shaft 28, an arm 66" on the shaft 66 provided
with an inclined cam 66° in the path of the stud 28b, and springs for holding the
arm 66 in its normal or intermediate position, substantially as herein set forth.
10. In a cash register, the combination, with a master pull, a type-wheel 45
mounted rotatively on the spindle thereof, a dollar pull, means for communicating
the rotary movement of the latter pull to the type-wheel 45, mechanism for feeding
a strip of paper under the said type-wheel and for producing the impression, such
mechanism being actuated by the master pull, an adding mechanism 38* for the
"dollars," and a gear-wheel 37* fixed on the spindle of the dollar pull and adapted

page_text: to be put in gearing position with the adding mechanism when the dollar pull is
drawn out, whereby only a portion of the backward rotation of the dollar pull is
communicated to the adding mechanism, substantially as herein set forth.
11. In a cash register, the combination, with a pull and its spindle, type-wheels
mounted on that spindle, mechanism operated by the pull for feeding a strip of
paper under the type-wheels, an impression-roller 31 operated by the pull, and a
track for that roller, of means for holding up the strip of paper until the impression-
roller takes under it, and means operated by the pull for severing the printed ticket
from the strip, substantially as herein set forth.
12. In a cash register, the combination, with the pull 10 and its spindle capable.
of being rotated and moved end wise, of a display-wheel 13*, the intermediate
gearing whereby the rotation of the pull actuates the display-wheel, a bevelled
spring-latch 48* mounted on the frame adjacent to that spindle, and a cam 48 on
the spindle adapted to impinge on the latch and arrest the backward rotation of the
pull when the latter is drawn out, substantially as herein set forth.
13. In a cash register, the combination, with the master pull, its spindle, a
circumferential recess 9" in that spindle, the pull 10, its spindle, and a recess 10° in
the latter, of a transversely-arranged lever 60, a toe 60 on that lever which
engages in the recess 10° when the pull 10 is drawn out, a toe 60° on the said lever
engaging in the recess 9" when the master pull is drawn out, and a spring tending
to put the toes of the lever into engagement with the said recesses, substantially as
herein set forth.
14. In a cash register, the combination, with the master pull and its spindle, the
latter having a circumferential recess 59°, the pull 10 and its spindle, and the
wheel 37* on this spindle having in its boss or hub a longitudinal channel 37, of a
transversely-arranged pawl-lever 59, the nose 59" of which is normally held in
engagement with the channel by a spring 59*, the nose 59 on the opposite end of
the lever 59 registering with a circumferential recess 59 in the spindle of the
master pull, substantially as herein set forth.
15. In a cash register, the combination, with the casing, a cash-drawer mounted
therein, a pull, a lever coupled to and rocked by the pull, and a bolt 63ª connected
to and actuated by the lever, of a movable socket-piece operated by the drawer and
adapted to receive the bolt when the drawer is pushed in, and means for moving
the socket-piece until the socket is out of register with the said bolt when the pull
and drawer are out, whereby the operator is prevented from pushing in the pull
until the drawer has been pushed in, substantially as herein set forth.
16. In a cash-register, the combination, with a numeral-bearing wheel, of a
rotatively-mounted pull, intermediate gearing connecting the pull and the wheel,
and means for limiting the rotation of the said pull in setting the wheel, such
means comprising a carrier on the pull-spindle, a series of push-pins mounted in
the carrier, and a stop-device arranged in the path of a pin pressed in by the
operator, the pins corresponding with the respective numerals on the wheel,.
substantially as herein set forth.
17. In a cash register, the combination, with a master pull having a type-wheel
carried by and rotating with its spindle and a type-wheel rotatively mounted on
that spindle, the latter being provided with a toothed gear-wheel, of another pull
having a toothed gear-wheel keyed on its spindle, a rack-bar which gears with and
connects the gear-wheels, and means operated by the master pull for printing from
the type-wheels, substantially as herein set forth.
G. G. M. HARDINGHAM,
191, Fleet Street, London, E.C., Chartered Patent Agent.