IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING, SUPER- HEATING, AND CONDENSING STEAM, AND HEATING OR BOILING WATER OR OTHER PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Marchent and John Parker, of the Prospect
Foundry, Bowling, near Bradford, in the County of York, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING, SUPER-
HEATING, AND CONDENSING STEAM, AND HEATING OR BOILING WATER OR OTHER
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Marchent and
Robert Parker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 4th March 1867.
We, JAMES MARCHENT and JOHN PARKER, of the Prospect Foundry,
Bowling, near Bradford, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR
GENERATING, SUPERHEATING, AND CONDENSING STEAM, AND HEATING OR BOILING
WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:-
The first part of this Invention relates to the furnaces or fire-boxes of steam
boilers, or generators of steam, and the improvements consist in applying and
fitting opposite to the front of the ordinary furnace or fire-box of a boiler a
[Price 8d.1

page_text: mouth piece or coking chamber, provided on the top thereof with a hopper to
receive and supply fuel to the said chamber, and having an opening in front
provided with a fuel feeder in form of a piston or plunger, to which recipro-
catory motion is given by either hand or mechanical power to push or
force the fuel from the said chamber upon the grate bars of the furnace, or
into the fire-box as required, and two or more of such plungers may be
employed if desirable. Also a water tuyere is applied to the furnace, through
which to force air or steam to promote combustion, which tuyere is con-
structed of cast iron with a concentric water space, and having inlet and
outlet pipes for the passage or circulation of water therethrough. The grate
bars by preference we construct with serrated upper edges, and arrange them
so as to be capable of reciprocatory motion by means of eccentrics; and we
place them at a downward inclination to enable the fuel to work more readily
forward in the fire-box. The front ends of these grate bars are supported
upon V-formed friction rollers, which are protected from injury or derangement
from the action of the fire by a water space cover or hollow dead plate arranged
for water to circulate through it overlaying the said ends of the bars; and the
back ends of the bars are supported upon a hollow bearer forming a water
space or chamber for water to circulate through to prevent injury thereto. In
some cases instead of employing metallic grate bars we make a bed of fire-
clay, either perforated or having slots formed therein, after the manner of
gratings. A space is left betwixt the said back ends of the grate bars and the
bridge for the exit of clinkers, which space or opening may be provided with a
moveable door or plate to either slide or turn on hinges, so as to be open to
allow the clinkers to fall into a chamber formed at the back end of the ash-
pit, which chamber is also provided in front with a hinged door, through which
the said clinkers are expelled by the action of another piston or plunger caused
to reciprocate, and thereby push or pull them through the doorway and along
the ash-pit to the front of the boiler. In some cases we introduce and fix a
tube or spout through the bottom part of the boiler from this space for the
clinkers to pass through into a box or carriage place underneath to receive
them. By these improvements we generate steam more economically than
heretofore, and prevent the emission of opaque smoke from such furnaces.
This cocking chamber and fuel feeder may be applied to other kindsof furnaces
or fire-places, and a modification in the construction thereof may be applied
to supply fuel to commercial and domestic fire-places; and this construction
of water tuyere may be applied to smiths' hearths, blast furnaces, locomotive
or marine engines, or other places where tuyeres are now used.
The second part of the Invention relates to means of superheating and

page_text: condensing steam, also to heating the feed water for steam boilers, and the
improvements consist of a cylindrical or other formed vessel divided into two
compartments longitudinally, with an inlet to one and an outlet to the other.
Also a series of pipes are inserted or attached to one compartment, the outer
ends of which are closed with portable caps, and within these tubes are other
tubes of sinaller diameters inserted into the partition of the vessel, and open at
each end, leaving a space betwixt the tubes, so as to form a communication
between the two compartments. These tubes and vessels are enclosed in a
steam-tight or in a sinoke and flame tight chamber with suitable inlet and
outlet. When used for superheating steam flame or heat is caused to pass
through the chamber and round the pipes, and steam through the pipes.
When used for condensing steam cold water is caused to pass through the
chamber instead of flame; and when used as a feed water apparatus the water
is caused to pass through the pipes and exhaust steam or waste heat from the
furnace flues is caused to pass through the chamber.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Marchent and John Parker in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 4th September 1867.
10 ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
MARCHENT AND JOHN PARKER, of the Prospect Foundry, Bowling, near
Bradford, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said James Marchent and John Parker, Her special licence that we,
the same James Marchent and John Parker, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said James Marchent and John
Parker, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and the Isle of Man an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR
APPARATUS FOR GENERATING, SUPERHEATING, AND CONDENSING STEAM, AND HEATING
OR BOILING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said James

page_text: Marchent and John Parker, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our, or their, or by one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Marchent and John Parker,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement and accompanying Sheet of Drawings (that is
to say)
The first part of this Invention relates to the furnaces or fire-boxes of steam
boilers or generators of steam, and the improvements consist in applying and
fitting opposite to the front of the ordinary furnace or fire-box of a boiler a
month piece or cooking chamber. provided on the top thereof with a hopper to
receive and supply fuel to the said chamber, and having an opening in front
provided with a fuel feeder in form of a piston or plunger, to which recipro-
catory motion is given by either hand or mechanical power to push or
force the fuel from the said chamber upon the grate bars of the furnace, o
into the fire-box as required, and two or more of such plungers may be
employed if desirable. The grate bars (by preference) we construct with
serrated upper edges, and arrange them so as to be capable of reciprocator y
motion by means of eccentrics; and we place them at a downward inclination
to enable the fuel to work more readily forward in the fire-box. The front
ends of these grate bars are supported upon vee-formed friction rollers, which
are protected from injury or derangement from the action of the fire by a
water space cover or hollow dead plate arranged for water to circulate through
it, overlaying the said ends of the bars, and the back ends of the bars are
supported upon a hollow bearer forming a water space or chamber for water
to circulate through. In some cases instead of employing metallic grate bars
we make a bed of baked fire-clay, either perforated or having slots formed
therein after the manner of gratings. A space is left betwixt the said back
ends of the grate bars and the bridge for the exit of clinkers, which space or
opening may be provided with a moveable door or plate to either slide or turn
on hinges, so as to be opened to allow the clinkers to fall into a chamber
formed at the back end of the ashes pit, which chamber is also provided in
front with a hinged door, through which the said clinkers are expelled by the
action of another piston or plunger caused to reciprocate, and thereby push or
pull them through the doorway and along the ashes pit to the front of the

page_text: boiler. In some cases we introduce and fix a tube or spout through the
bottom part of the boiler from this space for the clinkers to pass through into
a box or carriage placed underneath to receive them. By these improvements
we generate steam more economically than heretofore, and prevent the
emission of opaque smoke from such furnaces. This coking chamber and
fuel feeder may be applied to other kinds of furnaces or fire-places, and a
modification in the construction thereof may be applied to supply fuel to
commercial and domestic fire-places. Also we apply a water tuyere to furnaces
through which to force air or steam to promote combustion of the fuel, which
tuyere is constructed of cast iron with a concentric water space, and having
inlet and outlet pipes for the passage or circulation of water; and this con-
struction of water tuyere may be applied to smiths' hearths, blast furnaces,
locomotives, or marine engines, or other places where tuyeres are now used.
The second part of our Invention relates to means of superheating and
condensing steam, also of heating the feed water for steam boilers, and the
improvements consist of a cylindrical or other formed vessel divided into two
compartments longitudinally, with an inlet to one and an outlet to the other;
also a series of pipes are inserted or attached to one compartment, the outer
ends of which are closed with portable caps, and within these tubes are other
tubes of smaller diameters inserted into the partitions of the vessel and open
at each end, leaving a space betwixt the tubes, so as to form a communication
between the two compartments.
These tubes and vessels are enclosed in a
steam-tight or a flame and smoke tight chamber with suitable inletandoutlet.
When used for superheating steam flame or heat is caused to pass through
the chamber and round the pipes, and steam through the pipes. When used
for condensing steam cold water is caused to pass through the chamber instead
of flame; and when used as a feed water apparatus the water is caused to pass
through the pipes, and exhaust steam or waste heat from the furnace flues
caused to pass through the chamber.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 (Sheet 1) is the front elevation of an ordinary two-flued boiler with
part of our improvements applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal and vertical
section, and Fig. 3 is a plan, partly in section, of the same.
A is the mouthpiece or coking chamber, the top being fire-clay brick;
B is the hopper for supply of fuel thereto; C is the fuel feeder or plunger;
D are the grate bars, the top edges of which are serrated; E are vee-formed
friction rollers on which the grate bars are supported, and on which they are
caused to reciprocate by the action of cams or eccentrics F fixed on rotary

page_text: shafts F1 and F in gear with another shaft F3, to which motion may be given
by hand or power;
G is a hollow metal dead plate for water to circulate
through to prevent injury to the rollers and cams, or a fire-clay brick may be
employed for this purpose; H is a fire-clay brick or bed to receive the fire or
incandescent fuel as it is pushed forward by the action of the bars, and also to
push it upon when clearing the fire of clinkers; I is a lever for operating the
fuel feeder, which may be worked either by hand or power, as will be readily
understood. Each set of grate bars are capable of being lowered at their
front ends separately from and alternately with the other set by means of the
handles and screws J and J', placing them out of gear with the driving
shaft F3, and thereby stopping their action, and making an opening to allow
for clearing the fire.
Fig. 4 is a modified arrangement of this Invention, shewing an opening
betwixt the back ends of the bars and the bridge. for the clinkers and ashes
to pass off into the ashes pit, and a plunger or ashes remover K is
placed in an opening of the bridge having a rod connecting it to the lever I,
so that the fuel feeder and this plunger or ashes remover may be operated
together; or instead of this plunger we make an opening through the
boiler, as shewn in dotted lines at L, for the ashes to pass through into a
carriage M placed underneath to receive them. The back ends of the bars
are supported upon a hollow bearing N, through which water is caused to
circulate to prevent the bars from burning, and a door O is swung under it to
prevent the passage of air from the ashes pit into the furnace at the ends of
the bars. In some cases we close the opening at the back ends of the bars
with a brick or plate P, and have the grate bars in two lengths, joining at Q,
the front length being stationary, and the back length capable of opening at
the joining ends, which are supported on a bearing R carried on a segment
lever S operated by a pinion and handle T, whereby they can be lowered to
admit of the clinkers and ashes being removed at the opening.
Fig. 5 is a plan, and Fig. 6 is a section of a puddling furnace shewing the
manner in which our improvements may be applied thereto; and Fig. 7
shews the manner in which they may be applied to commercial and domestic
fire-places, or to stoves of various forms.
Figs. 8 and 9 (Sheet 2) shew how the hopper and fuel feeder is applied to
smiths' hearths, also they shew the application of our improved water
tuyere A, which is supplied with water from a cistern B by a pipe C, and
returned by the pipe D back to the cistern in the ordinary manner. The
peculiar construction of this tuyere is shewn in different sections on a larger
scale at Figs. 10, 11, and 12. C being the inlet and D the outlet pipes, and E

page_text: is a plug to be removed for cleaning out the tuyere, as will be readily under-
stood. These tuyeres may also be applied to blast furnaces, the furnaces of
all kinds of steam boilers, and other furnaces, or for other purposes where
ordinary tuyeres are now applied, and being capable of ready construction
in cast iron they are not only cheap in first cost, but are durable. In some
cases we may dispense with the plunger by sloping the bottom of the hopper,
and by having the grate bars placed at a greater inclination than is shewn in
the Drawing, whereby they will move the fuel forward without the aid of a
plunger.
The second part of our Invention is shewn at Figs. 13, 14, and 15, which
are respectively different sections of an apparatus constructed according to
our improvements, which are applicable for either superheating steam, con-
densing steam, or heating the feed water of steam boilers. A and B shew a
vessel constructed in two parts forming two separate compartments, one
having a branch pipe C, and the other a branch pipe D, to be used for inlet
and outlet. A series of pipes E are inserted into the part A having portable
caps F for closing the other ends. Another series of pipes G of smaller
diameters are inserted into the partition betwixt the two compartiments opening
into the part B, and are placed within the pipes E, leaving a space betwixt,
and being open at their other ends form a communication betwixt one com-
partment and the other. These vessels and pipes are placed within a steam-
tight chamber or case H, which has branch pipes I and J for inlet and outlet
when used for superheating steam and heat or flame is passed through the
chamber, and steam through the pipes; or instead of the chamber the
apparatus may be placed in the up-take of marine or other boiler furnaces,
and when used for condensing steam cold wateris passed through the chamber
instead of heat. When used for heating feed water the water is passed through
the pipes, and exhaust steam or waste heat from the furnace is passed through
the chamber; or the apparatus may be placed in the furnace flue without
being enclosed in the chamber.
Figs. 16 and 17 are longitudinal and cross sections of apparatus shewing a
modification of this Invention for heating the feed water, more particularly
applicable to high-pressure engines. A and B are the two compartments;
C are a series of pipes which are inserted into the partition, and forming a
communication betwixt the two compartments. The apparatus when in use is
placed with the pipes in a vertical position, the top ends being level or even in
height, water is introduced at the branch pipe D, and passing up the pipes
overflows the top ends and passes out at the branch E. Exhaust steam is
introduced at the branch G, aud circulates amongst the pipes, and in contact

page_text: with the water which is overflowing and falling in showers, whereby it is
partly condensed while heating the water, the remaining steam escaping at
the branch pipe H into the open air.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Parker, for and on behalf of myself
and the said James Marchent, have hereunto set my hand and seal,
this Second day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named John Parker, in the
presence of
WM. TASKER,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Bradford.
JOHN PARKER. (L.S.)