Improvements in Apparatus for Spinning Textile Fibres.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Oct., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Spinning Textile Fibres.
We RICHARD TODD of Heather Bank, Broomfield Road, Heaton Chapel, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, and JESSE AINSWORTH STOTT of, 5 Cross
Street, Manchester, in the aforesaid County, Architect and Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our said Invention consists of certain further improvemcuts in and on the
method and mechanisms already described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to E. Gessner No. 13952 of 1889 and in the Specifications of the present
applicants, under Nos. 20487 of 1894, 21056 of 1895, 21414 of 1895, and 23473 of
1895. In operating with the whip traveller described in the said former Specifi-
cations we have found that the loop of the traveller is apt to catch in the bottom
of the cop when beginning to spin the cop. This is caused by the traveller; which is
intended to rise higher at each lift of the rails not always doing so, owing to
the unavoidable imperfection of the mechanism which sometimes even drops the
traveller loop lower at one-lift than it did at the previous lift.
When this happens the traveller is apt to dig into and foul the layer of yarn
previously wound on, resulting sometimes in breakage. To prevent a too close
approach of the traveller head to the cop at the time when the cop is being started,
we mount a small collar or disc on the spindle just below the bottom of the cop.
This collar acts as a fence to keep the traveller a certain distance from the spindle
until the cop has become wound to such a thickness that centrifugal force is
sufficient to prevent the traveller from digging into the cop.
The working of the ferrules, travellers and sockets is liable to be interfered
with by dust and fluff and to protect them from such we propose to box in the space
between the two lifting rails, by suitable coverings of wood or metal.
These covers should be made easily removable preferably by hinging or sliding
them so as to give ready access to the enclosed parts. In cases where
the curbing sleeve is supported in a hollow pillar from the lower
rail, the openings in the hollow pillars or standards for getting at
the travellers are closed by covers preferably made sliding or hinged. The
curbing sleeve which confines the whip traveller is liable to become distorted
in the process of hardening. We propose to make this curbing sleeve in three
parts consisting of a thin outer tube which need not be hardened with two hard-
ened and polished rings fixed in the same, one in the lower and the other in the
upper part thereof. These two rings are not so liable to become.distorted in the
process of hardening. This construction provides a ready means of lubricating
the lower part of the whip traveller (which we find advantageous) by making a
small oil hole in the outer tube above the top of the lower inner ring. It is advan-
tageous to be able to easily remove the confining sleeve for the purpose of cleaning it.
We propose to slit the lower end of the thin outer tube with two or more slots

page_text: and to push the same into a socket or holder bored slightly taper, the lower inner
ring being turned slightly taper to correspond. The socket is made adjustable
on the rail so as to bring the rings concentric with the spindle.
By another arrangement the top rail might be raised and the top ring inserted
in it in the usual manner for ring rails. A hollow pillar beneath may constitute the
traveller socket and also contain the bottom ring. In this case the spindle would
be set concentric with the top ring and the socket and bottom ring be adjusted
to the spindle.
In the specification of our said former patent No. 21414 of 1895 we describe
certain improved means for producing a clean and sharp nose on the cops by pre-
senting a sudden break in the cam face and combining with the bowl on the
copping lever a flat contact piece which bears on an additional part of the cam and
carries forward the bowl until the flat piece reaches the break and then moves
suddenly so as to drop the bowl on the cam face, the said sudden movement pro-
ducing the required quick reversal of the traveller eye. We find that to soften the
shock of the sudden meeting of the copping lever bowl and the cam, it is advisable
to fit the bearings of the copping lever bowl with springs which absorb or soften the
shock.
Improvements in Apparatus for Spinning Textile Fibres.
We, RICHARD TODD of Heather Bank, Broomfield Road, Heaton Chapel, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, and JESSE AINSWORTH STOTT of 5 Cross
Street, Manchester, in the aforesaid County, Architect and Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying drawings.
Our said Invention consists of certain further improvements in and on the
method and mechanisms already described in the Specifications of Letters Patent
granted to E. Gessner No. 13952 of 1889 and to the present applicants under
Nos. 20487 of 1894, 21056 of 1895, 21414 of 1895, and 23473 of 1895. In opera-
ting with the whip traveller described in the said former Specifications we have
found tha the loop of the traveller is apt to catch in the bottom of the cop when
beginning to spin the con. This is caused by the traveller which is intended to rise
higher at each lift of the rails, not always doing so, owing to the unavoidable
imperfection of the mechanism which sometimes even drops the traveller. loop
lower at one lift than it did at the previous lift.
When this happens the traveller is apt to dig into and foul the layer of yarn
previously wound on, resulting sometimes in breakage. To prevent a too close
approach of the traveller head to the cop at the time when the cop is being started,
we mount a small collar or disc on the spindle just below the bottom of the cop.
This collar acts as a fence to keep the traveller a certain distance from the spindle
until the cop has become wound to such a thickness that centrifugal force is
sufficient to prevent the traveller from digging into the cop..
The working of the ferrules, travellers and sockets is liable to be interfered

page_text: with by dust and fluff and to protect them from such we propose to box in the space
between the two lifting rails, by suitable coverings of wood or metal.
These covers should be made easily removable preferably by hinging or sliding
them so as to give ready access to the enclosed parts. In cases where the curbing
sleeve is srted in a hollow pillar from the lower rail, the openings in the hollow
pillars or standards for getting at the travellers are closed by covers preferably
made sliding or hinged.
The curbing sleeve which confines the whip traveller is liable to become distorted
in the process of hardening. We propose to make this curbing sleeve in three
rarts consisting of a thin outer tube which need not be hardened with two hard-
ered and polished rings fixed in the same, one in the lower and the other in the
upper part thereof. These two rings are not so liable to become distorted in the
process of hardening. This construction provides a ready means of lubricating
the lower part of the whip traveller (which we find advantageous) by making a
small oil hole in the outer tube above the top of the lower inner ring. It is advanta-
geous to be able to easily remove the confining sleeve for the purpose of cleaning it.
We propose to slit the lower end of the thin outer tube with two or more slots
and to push the same into a socket or holder bored slightly taper, the lower inner
ring being turned slightly taper to correspond. The socket is made adjustable
on the rail so as to bring the rings concentric with the spindle.
By another arrangement the top rail might be raised and the top ring inserted
in it in the usual manner for ring rails. A hollow pillar beneath may constitute
the traveller socket and also contain the bottom ring.
In this case the spindle would be set concentric with the top ring and the socket
and bottom ring be adjusted to the spindle.
In the specification of our said former patent No. 21414 of 1895 we describe
certain improved means for producing a clean and sharp nose on the cops hy pre-
senting a sudden break in the cam face and combining with the bowl on the
copping lever a flat contact piece which hears on an additional part of the cam and
carries forward the bowl until the flat piece reaches the break and then moveз
suddenly so as to drop the bowl on the cam face, the said sudden movement produc-
ing the required quick reversal of the traveller eye. We find that to soften the
shock of the sudden meeting of the copping lever bowl and the cam, it is advisable
to fit the bearings of the coing lever bowl with springs which absorb or soften the
shock.
And in order that our said invention may be more fully understood we will now
describe the same with reference to the annexed three sheets of drawings.
On Sheet 1.
Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in section showing our improvements relating to
the method of preventing the loop of the whip traveller from digging into and
fouling the layers of yarn upon the spindle at the commencement of the build of
the cop, the method of boxing in the space between the two lifting rails,, and the
improved form of curbing sleeve.
Fig. 2 is a plan of Fig. 1 also partly in section.
Fig. 3 is a section view at right angles to Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation showing the method of protecting the ferrules,
travellers and sockets from fluff and dust in cases where a single lifting rail is
used as mentioned in our said former Specification No. 21414 of 1895.
Fig. 5 is a sectional plan of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a modification of the method shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
On Sheet 2..
Fig. 7 shows a modified form of curbing arrangement for the whip traveller.
On Sheet 3.
Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate the method of softening the shock of the sudden meet-
ing of the copping lever bowl and the cam used for producing a clean and sharp
nose on the cops.

page_text: Referring in the first place to the method of preventing the loop of the whip
traveller from fouling the layers of yarn upon the commencement of the build of
the cop, we mount a shall collar or disc a upon the spindle b just below the bottom
of the cop as shown in Figs. Ltó
Fig. 3 shows the relative position of the loop e of whip traveller c and the
collar a at the commencement of the build of the cop. It will be observed from
an inspection of Fig. 3 that the collar a serves the purpose of a guard or fence to
keep the loop c of whip traveller cat a safe distance from the spindle until the
cop has become wound to such a thickness, that centrifrugal force is sufficient
to prevent the loop of the traveller from digging into the cop.
With reference to that part of our invention relating to the enclosing or boxing
in of the space between the two lifting rails, we find in practice that the perfect
working of the ferrules, travellers and sockets is liable to be interfered with by dust
and fluff which is always floating about er present to a greater or less extent in
the atmosphere of the spinning room. Such fluff, dust and foreign matter is apt
the draw in and taken up by the whirl or revolution of the ferrule and traveller
and thus clog or choke the parts thereby causing friction which results in the
sticking and jambing of the ferrule and consequent production of bad work.
This drawback would tend to militate against the successful commercial work-
ing of our frames and we will now describe the means designed to overcome the
disadvantage set forth.
To effect our object we propose to box in or shroud the space which exists
between the two lifting rails both at the front and back of the rails by means of
hinged, pivotted or sliding doors so that the sockets, ferrules, and travellers are
completely enclosed and shut off.
In Fig. 1 to 3 of the drawings A is the lifting rail carried by the ordinary
pokers d, cut out in its thickness and fitted with a bush B and holding down
ring B so as to constitute the race for the bent fingers of the ferrule which
supports e whip traveller c. The upper rail A is supported or carried from the
lower rails upon brackets or supports.
As before stated the object of our invention is to box in the space between these
two rails so as to enclose such space and guard against the admittance of fluff
and dust from the room to the sockets, ferrules and travellers. As indicated in
the drawings we provide doors e adapted to turn down upon hinges f spaced a
suitable distance apart such doors being held closed by fingers or catches
turn on pivots g¹.
free to
Such doors might be hinged either to the lower or to the upper rail and although
we prefer to have a number of such doors along the frame one abutting against
another we might have a single door extending throughout the length of the
rails.
It will be obvious that provision of such doors enables a ready inspection of,
and access to the parts to be had so that lubrication is easily effected and bent or
broken travellers readily replaced.
We might of course slide the cover plates e into position or they might turn or
move upon pivots. The application of the doors e to the back of the rails might be
identical with those applied to the front.
Referring to Figs. 4 and 5 and in cases where a single rail is used and the curb-
ing sleeve supported from a pillar or step D we prefer to shroud or surround the
cut out portions of the pillar by means of sliding doors e free to slide in ways
formed by clips el secured to the pillar 1) or such ways might be formed on the
pillar itself. The doors in this case might however be hinged or pivotted. We
might if desired slip a tube e over the cut out portion h of the pillar D as shown
in sectional plan Fig. 6.
We have already set forth the fact that the curbing sleeve of a continuous tube
formation is liable in the process of hardening to become distorted and we now
propose to use such a sleeve as is indicated in Figs. 1 to 3.

page_text: We make this curbing sleeve: in three parts i, j, k, all carried by a holder or
socket adjustably secured to the rail A¹ by means of screws and washers m. :
The thin outer tube i need not be hardened but the two rings j and k are pre-
ferably hardened and polished and being of comparatively slight depth are not
so likely to be affected in the hardening process. The ring i beds in the holder 7
and the truth and concentricity of this ring is a matter of the utmost importance
as the whip traveller is almost constantly in contact therewith.
purpose of
As it is advantageous to be able to readily remove the tube for the
cleaning the curbing sleeve we propose to slit the lower end of the thin outer tube i
with two or more slits and to push the same into the socket or holder which might
in some cases be bored slightly taper if desired. The tube or shell carries the
ring at the top as clearly shown in the drawings.
In order to lubricate the whip traveller where the same comes into contact with
the interior of the ring we prefer to make a small oil hole in the tube above
the top of the ring j as clearly shown in the drawings.
i
The oil gravitating downwards will thus provide the interior of the ring with
the necessary lubricant.
In setting up the parts we adjust and secure the spindles in the bolster rail so as
to be absolutely concentric with the socket race in the rail A afterwards adjusting
the curbing sleeves to the spindles fixing them in their adjusted positions by means
of the screws and washers m.
In the modified form of curbing arrangement for the whip traveller shown in
Fig. 7 Sheet 2 the top rail A' is raised and supported on pillars o and the hardened
and polished top ring k is inserted in the rail A in the usual manner for ring rails.
A socket or bearer n is secured in any convenient manner to the bottom rail A
or to the ring p and this bearer is cut out to enable access to be had to the ferrules,
travellers and socket rings when the doors e are opened. This socket, bearer or
hollow pillar carries at its upper end the hardened and polished bottom ring j
The space between the top rail A¹ and bottom rail A is boxed in, in the manner
already described by hinged or pivotted doors e to prevent the access of dust and
fluff and the like to the ferrules, travellers and sockets. The spindle in this case
would he first adjusted to the top ring k and the lower ring and ferrule race
to the spindle.
As before stated in order to soften the shock of the sudden meeting between the
cam and the bowl on the copping lever at the time when the steel bit drops over
the snugs, we propose to provide the bearings of the bowl with springs. This
interposition of elastic media tends to minimise jar and improve the quality of
the work.
Our improved method of mounting the bowl is clearly shown in Figs. 8 and 9.
Fig. 8 is an elevation of a cam and bowl partly in section the cam indicated
being practically of the same formation as that shown in our Specification No. 21414
of 1896:
Fig. 9 is a plan of the bowl in the copping lever.
The action of the cam is described in our said former Specification No. 21414
of 1895 to which the reader is referred.
The bowl O instead of turning in fixed pieces having snugs as in our former
Specification No. 21414 of 1895 is carried between two fingers or struts y housed in
the framing of the copping lever P and free to move in one direction against the
action of flat springs both fingers or struts rocking in unison on their lower ends.
The struts are kept in their housings and in their proper relative position below
the bowl by a distance bar s. The upper ends of these fingers or struts are formed
with snugs up which the steel bit rides.
Under this arrangement when the sudden break in the cam is presented, the cam
no longer strikes an unyielding object, so that the concussion between the cam and
bowl is lessened which is an advantage of some moment.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said in-

page_text: vention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In apparatus for spinning yarn upon the bare spindle with the aid of a flexible
whip traveller, the employment of a collar or disc a or its equivalent secured
to or formed upon the spindle below the bottom of the cop, for preventing the eye
or loop of the whip traveller approaching too closely to the cop at the commence-
ment of the build of the cop for the purposes and substantially as described and
shown with reference to Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawings.
2. In apparatus for spinning yarn upon the bare spindle principally by the aid
of a whip traveller confined by a curbing sleeve and attached to a ferrule having
fingers or a flange running in a race, boxing in or enclosing the ferrules, travellers
and sockets so as to prevent the access of dust, fluff and foreign matter to such
parts by means of doors or plates substantially as described and set forth.
3. In apparatus of the indicated nature enclosing or shrouding in the space
between the two lifting rails A A¹ by means of a door or doors e hinged at f and
held in their closed positions by the movable catches 9 such door or doors being
applied on both sides of the rails for the purposes and substantially as described
and illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.
4. In apparatus of the indicated nature and in cases where a single lifting rail
is employed and the curbing sleeve is carried by a pillar such as D the application
of sliding or hinged doors or plates, or surrounding concentric tube to enclose the
cut out portion of such pillar for the purposes and substantially as described and
illustrated in Figs. 4, 5, and 6 of the drawings.
5. The improved curbing sleeve comprising the two hardened and polished
rings j, k slit tube or shell i and preferably carried from a socket or holder adjust-
able on the rail A' for the purposes and substantially as described and illustrated
with reference to Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawings.
6. The modified form of curbing arrangement for the whip traveller substan-
tially as described and illustrated with reference to Fig. 7 of the drawings..
7. In apparatus of the indicated nature and in combination with a cam such
as M the bowl O elastically mounted in the copping lever in the manner and sub-
stantially as described and illustrated with reference to Figs. 8 and 9 Sheet 3 of
the drawings.
Hated this 7th day of T... 1007