IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Barton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th December 1883.
JOHN BARTON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineer,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS,"
This Invention relates to anchors of the kind having movable fluke pieces and
its object is to improve the construction and increase the efficiency of such anchors'
whilst dispensing with pins, keys, or cotters in any position where they would be
subjected to strain or be liable to have their action interfered with by the lodgment.
of sand or earth,
In an anchor made with the improvements the middle of the fluke piece fits and
can turn in a round eye formed in the head of the shank and its movement to
either side is limited by a projecting segment formed on it and working in a recess
formed on one side of the shank head. The fluke piece when in its finished shape
can be entered into its place through the eye in the shank head; and after being.
so entered a pair of plates are applied being strung one upon each arm and brought
close to the opposite sides of the shank head, and after being bolted together
prevent the fluke piece from getting out of place. The plates when bolted together.
form a kind of box external to the shank head but which moves with the fluke
piece and is made with angular inner corners of which the one happening to be'
undermost catches in the ground so as to make the flukes turn downwards and
bite or take hold as quickly as possible. With this arrangement the anchor will
take hold much more quickly and certainly than many anchors having movable
fluke pieces. The other corners of the box plates are rounded so that the cable is'
not liable to foul on them. The fluke arms are made with their thickness near
their middle greater in a direction 'at right angles to the plane of their centre lines
than in the direction parallel to that plane; and the surfaces of the arms and flukes
are made convex on the sides not at right angles to the same plane. With this
improved shape of the fluke arms they are not only easier to make but are also
better adapted to resist the strains to which they have to be subjected. The
steadying-arm piece is made with a bored eye and is fitted on a turned bearing
surface on the shank being secured by a pin passing through it and the shank.
The bolt heads and nuts of the box plates are sunk into the plates so as to present
no projections which would be liable to injury.
داع
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page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Barton in the Patent Office on the 4th June 1884.
JOHN BARTON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineer,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS
"
My said Invention relates to anchors of the kind having movable fluke pieces,
and its object is to improve the construction and increase the efficiency of such
anchors, whilst, in some modifications dispensing with pins, keys, or cotters in any
position where they would be subjected to strain or be liable to have their action
interfered with by the lodgment of sand or earth. At the same time a portion of
my improvements may in some cases be combined with arrangements comprising
pins, keys, or cotters; and in such cases the defects of such arrangements will be
considerably reduced.
Examples of anchors made with my improvements are delineated on two
accompanying sheets of explanatory drawings and are hereinafter particularly
described.
One modification of my improved anchor is shown on sheet, 1, of the drawings,
figures, 1, and 2, being edge and side views of the complete anchor, figures 3, and 4,
similar views of the shank by itself, figures 5 and 6, a side view and a section of
part of the fluke piece, figures, 7 and 8, sections of different parts of the fluke arm,
figure, 9, a plan of a box which works on the shank head; and figure, 10, is an
inside view of one half of this box. Figures, 11, to 20 on sheet, 2, of the drawings
are similar views explanatory of a second modification. In these drawings the
same reference numerals are used to mark the same or like parts wherever they
are repeated.
In the anchor shown on sheet, 1, of the drawings the middle, 21, of the fluke
piece, 22, 21, 22, fits and can turn in a round eye, 23, formed in the head 24, of
the shank, 25, and its movement to either side is limited by a projecting
segment, 26, formed on it and working in a recess, 27, formed in one side of the
shank head, 24. The fluke piece when in its finished shape can be entered into its
place through the eye, 23, in the shank head, 24, and after being so entered a pair
of plates, 28, are applied being strung one upon each arm of the fluke piece and
brought close to the opposite sides of the shank head 24, and after being bolted
together prevent the fluke piece from getting out of place. The plates, 28, when
bolted together form a kind of box external to the shank head, 24, but which
moves with the fluke piece, 22, 21, '22; and is made with angular inner corners, 29,
of which the one happening to be undermost catches in the ground so as to make
the flukes, 22, turn downwards and bite or take hold as quickly as possible.
With this arrangement and configuration the anchor will take hold much more
quickly and certainly than many anchors having movable fluke pieces. The other
corners, 30, of the box plates, 28, are rounded so that the cable is not liable to
foul on them. The fluke arms, 22, are made with their thickness near their middle
part, 21, greater in a direction at right angles to the plane of their centre lines,
than in the direction parallel to that plane; and the surfaces of the arms and
flukes are made convex on the sides not at right angles to the same plane, as shown
in figures, 7, and 8, With this improved shape of the fluke arms, 22, they are not
only easier to make, but are also better adapted to resist the strains to which they
have to be subjected. The bolt heads and nuts of the box plates, 28, are sunk into
the plates so as to present no projections which would be liable to injury. The
steadying-arm piece, 31, is made with a bored eye and is fitted on a turned
bearing surface on the shank, 25, being secured by a pin passing through it and the
shank,

page_text: In the modification shown in figures, 11, to 20 on sheet, 2, of the drawings there
is substituted for the segment or shoulder, 26, on the middle of the fluke piece, and
the recess; 27, for the shoulder, 26, to work in, a groove, 32, formed in the middle
part, 21, of the fluke piece, and a steel pin, 33, fixed in the shank head, 24, and
projecting into the groove, 32. The groove, 32, extends sufficiently round the
middle part, 21, of the fluke piece to allow of this piece assuming the proper angle
of about, 41 degrees of the circle, to either side of the shank. The steel pin, 33, is
entered inwards through a hole bored for it in the shank head, 24, and is fixed by
a cross pin, 34, which may also serve for the attachment of a shackle, 35, for a
buoy rope. In some cases the groove-and-pin device 32, 33, may be combined with
the shoulder-and-recess device 26, 27, (sheet, 1) the shank head 24, being made
thick enough for both, or the shoulder-and-recess device being applied at the inner
side of the fluke piece or opposite to the pin and groove device.
Having thus particularly described my said Invention and the manner of
performing the same I have to state that I do not restrict myself to the precise
details herein described or delineated but that what I believe to be novel and
original and claim as the Invention secured to me by and in terms of the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is :-
1. The improved construction of anchor shown on sheet, 1, of the accompanying
drawings and herein before described.
2. The improved construction of anchor shown on sheet, 2, of the accompanying
drawings and hereinbefore described.
3. The combination of the box plates, 28, with the shoulder-and-recess device,
26, 27, or with the pin-and-groove device, 32, 33, or with both these devices as
herein before described.
4. The making of the fluke arms, 22, of the improved form shown in the
accompanying drawings and herein before described.
In Witness whereof I the said John Barton, have hereunto set my hand and seal
this third day of June in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
eighty-four.