Improvements in the Making of Butter for the Purpose of Preserving the same.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 5th Dec., 1889-Accepted, 11th Jan.,
1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Making of Butter for the Purpose of Preserving
the same.
I, FINLAY MCINTYRE, of 3.10 Argyle Street, Glasgow, and of Mansefield, Busby,
both in the county of Lanark, North Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the making of butter for the purpose
of preserving the same and has for its object to effect the preservation without
the addition of antiseptic or preservative substances (unless common salt when
desired).
In accordance with my invention I carry through the churning and cleaning in
such a manner so that no air other than purified, sterilized, or filtered air is allowed
to come in contact with the milk from which the butter is made, the connections by
which the milk is led to the churn, the churn in which the butter is made, and the
box, tank, or room in which the butter is washed (when desired), manipulated, and
packed.
The decomposition of butter made by ordinary well-known processes is caused by
germs, ferments, bacteria, & other organisms which have had access to the milk or
cream from which the butter is made, or which fall on the butter whilst being made
or after being made; said germs existing in the air. By the aforesaid purifying or
filtering of the air the cause of decomposition or putrefaction of butter is removed,
and I am thus enabled to produce butter which can be packed and kept in a pure
condition for a length of time that has not hitherto been attained.
It is obvious that this rezult can be accomplished in a variety of ways; I will, how-
ever, describe a process illustrative of my said invention.
In the carrying out of my invention I prefer to employ milk in which germs have
never entered, but it is to be understood that I may employ milk in which the germs
have been destroyed by other means such as the application of heat.
The apparatus for carrying out my invention may consist of an ordinary churn
with its rotating shaft packed germ-tight. The shaft & the lid of the churn are
made germ tight by a strip of india rubber or equivalent material, the lid being
clamped down in any convenient manner such as by means of butter-fly nuts, the
arrangements being such that it can be removed at will. The churn is purified by
means of steam or by other means, and air tubes may be provided on the lid of the
churn to allow of the escape of air and steam in the heating, and also to prevent
into the churn after
impure air from entering the churn. The pure milk is "led
the germs in it and connections have been destroyed. After the butter is made it
is removed from the churn through an outlet formed in the side or the back thereof,
and which communicates with a box, tank, or room in which pure air only has
access.
The pure air in this box, tank, or room, is produced by similar means as in the
churn. It is fitted with an air-tight lid, and air tubes as on the churn, filled or tied
over with cotton wadding, bends, contractions or in lieu thereof as described in
provisional specification aforementioned. Across the length of the lid of the box 1
provide a strip of glass so that the operator may look into the box to see what he is
doing, and likewise across the lid I provide an elastic covering or other convenient
air-tight material. Through this covering I form two arm holes and the arrangement
is such that the operator can withdraw the butter from the churn, wash, work, and
pack it if desired without allowing the entrance of air except through the filtering
air tubes. The said covering may be made with folds or pucks so that the operator

page_text: can move his arms in any direction. I may provide the holes in the covering with
sleeves which can be tightened on the arms with elastic. The workman before
inserting his arms to grasp the purified utensils by which the butter is worked may
moisten them with glycerine, vaseline, or other moist substance so that any germs
that may be on his arms will not fall into the purified box.
The joining of the churn to the purified operating box is made germ tight,
the outlet from the churn to the operating box being provided with a removable
germ-tight door which may be secured by butter-fly nuts or other convenient
method.
To successfully carry out my invention the water in which the butter, is washed
must be freed from germ life by heating, boiling, or filtering. When salt is added
to the butter it also must be heated to destroy germ life or an aqueous solution of
salt may be used which has been previously beated for the same object. The vessels
and utensils by which the butter is worked & packed are placed in the operating box
before the "micro-organisms" in said box are destroyed by heat. so that the butter
only comes in contact with pure or sterilized air & implements.
When the butter is packed I may dip the mouths of the receptacles in which the
butter is packed into melted paraffin wax or I may secure the lid of the receptacles
by any other air-tight method with the object of preventing organisms from entering
the butter in transportation.
By my process as hereinbefore described I begin with pure milk and treat the
butter made therefrom so that the said butter only comes in contact with pure or
filtered air; pure vessels, connections & utensils; and that this butter not having
come in contact with putrefactive organisms, thereby remains unimpaired for a length
of time that has not been possible heretofore.
Dated this 22nd day of March 1889.
JOHNSONS,
115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Petitioner's Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Making of Butter for the Purpose of Preserving
the same.
I, FINLAY MCINTYRE of 310 Argyle Street, Glasgow, and of Mansefield, Busby,
both in the county of Lanark, North Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the making of butter for the purpose
of preserving the same.
In accordance with my invention I carry through the churning and working in
such a manner so that no air other than purified, sterilized, or filtered air is allowed
to come in contact with the milk from which the butter is made, the connections by
which the milk is led to the churn, the churn in which the butter is made, and the
box, tank, or room in which the butter is washed, (when desired), manipulated, and
packed.
The decomposition of butter made by ordinary well-known processes is caused by
germs which have had access to the milk or cream from which the butter is made,
or which fall on the butter whilst being made or after being made; said germs
existing in the air. By the aforesaid purifying or filtering of the air, the cause of
the putrefaction of butter is removed, and I am thus enabled to produce butter which
can be packed and kept in a pure condition for a length of time that has not hitherto
been attained.
It is obvious that this result can be accomplished in a variety of ways; I will, how-
ever, describe a process illustrative of my said invention.
In the carrying out of my invention, I prefer to employ milk in which germs have

page_text: never entered, as described in specification of my patent No. 1423 and dated the
25th day of January 1889, but it is to be understood that I may employ milk in
which the germs have been destroyed by other means, such as, by the application
of heat.
The apparatus for carrying out my invention may consist of an ordinary churn
with its rotating shaft packed germ tight. The shaft and the lid of the churn are
made germ tight by a strip of indiarubber or equivalent material, the lid being
clamped down in any convenient manner, such as, by means of butter-fly nuts, the
arrangement being such that it can be removed at will. The churn is purified by
means of steam, or in lieu thereof, as described in specification of patent hereinbefore
referred to; air tubes being provided on the lid of the churn, to allow of the escape
of air and steam in the heating, and also to prevent impure air from entering the
churn. The pure milk is led into the churn after the germs in it and connections
have been destroyed. After the butter is made it is removed from the churn through
an outlet formed in the side or the back thereof, and which communicates with a box,
tank, or room, in which germless air only has access.
The germless air in this box, tank, or room, is produced by similar means as in
the churn. It is fitted with an air-tight lid, and air tubes as on the churn, filled, or
tied over with cotton wool, bends, contractions, or in lieu thereof, as described in
specification aforementioned. Across the length of the lid of the box I provide a
strip of glass so that the operator may look into the box to see what he is doing, and
likewise across the lid I provide an elastic covering, or other convenient air-tight
material. In this covering I form two sleeves, so that the operator can insert his
hands and arms and withdraw the butter from the churn, wash, work, and pack it if
desired without allowing the entrance of air, except through the filtering air tubes.
The said covering may be made with folds or pucks, so that the operator can move
his arms in any direction.
The joining of the churn to the purified operating box is made germ tight,
the outlet from the churn to the operating box being provided with a removable
germ-tight door, which may be secured by butter-fly nuts, or other convenient
method.
The water in which the butter is worked must be freed from germ life by heating,
boiling, or filtering. When salt is added to the butter it also must be hented to
destroy germ life, or a watery solution of salt may be used which has been previously
heated for the same object. The vessels and utensils by which the butter is worked
and packed are placed in the operating box before the micro-organisms in said box
are destroyed by heat, so that the butter only comes into contact with pure or
sterilized air and implements.
Instead of having separate air-filtering tubes on "separator," cburn, and room,
in which the butter is worked and packed, one room may be used enclosing the
whole. When this is done the air entering the room may be drawn through a tortuous
pipe, part of said pipe being kept at a red heat in furnace. The germs in the air
entering this pipe, thus get burned up.
The mouths of the receptacles in which the butter is packed may be dipped into
melted paraffin wax, or I may secure the lids of the receptacles by any other air-
tight method, with the object of preventing organisms from entering the butter in
transportation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
I. The process in the making of butter for the purpose of preserving the same,
whereby the milk, or cream, and the butter made therefrom, only comes into
contact with germless air, germless apparatus, and materials, substantially as
described.

page_text: 11. With the process in the making of butter for the purpose of preserving the
same, the sterilization of air, apparatus, and materials, without allowing germs to
come into contact thereafter.
Dated this 25th day of November 1889.
FINLAY MCINTYRE.