PURIFYING SEWAGE AND FOUL WATERS
Year: 1884

page_text: SAMUEL CHAPMAN DEAN of No 39 Bramber Road Fulham London S.W. do
hereby declare the nature of my Invention for PURIFYING SEWAGE AND FOUL
WATERS to be as follows :—
This Invention consists of an improved method and apparatus for filtering
aereating oxygenating, and purifying foul waters.
All impure waters during filtration lose a portion of its natural constituents,
and, after filtration decomposes to regain its natural elements. By aereating and
oxygenating during filtration this evil is avoided.
The filters can be constructed portable of metal, or wood, the larger sizes of
bricks, masonry or concrete of sufficient capacity to purify from a few thousand to
over one hundred million gallons per day.
Can be used as a simple filter, when a perfora metal, or wooden false bottom
only necessary.
When used as a filter to aereate, or to force a purifying gas through foul waters,
the false bottom to be laid with pipes perforated in their lowest part and air,
steam, or a gas, forced by any known means through the filter.
When fitted with air tight covers, can be used as filters to work under pressure.
The filtering media can be partly revivified without removal by forcing super-
heated air or steam though the mass, when the filters are free from fluid.
Any filtering carbon can be used, for most purposes I prefer 500 lbs. coal,
56 lb. clay, 20 lbs. old tan 5 lbs. marine shells, lb. borax or 4 lbs. soda coarsely
ground together, moistened with dilute sulphuric acid, and, carbonised in a gas
retort or coking oven.
When the sewage requires pumping, I provide receiving tanks, and precipitate
the solid matter by a process saving the ammonia and the phosphoric acid in a
semi-soluble state suitable for the food of plants.-Time required for precipitation
15 minutes, and pass the supernatant water through the filters. The precipitate
dried by any known means, forms a valuable manure.
When the aereating filters are used in a populous neighbourhood, the filters to be
covered and fitted with the drum ventilators on the roof, for "Purifying Sewer
Gases and Mephitic Vapors" see Patent No 92.
No nuisance created, and contagion destroyed.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
A the inlet. B the outlet.
Figure 1 portable filter.
Caluice to open, D inlet
for air, steam, or gas. E E E filtering media Figure 2 A the inlet. B the outlet.
D inlet for air &c.-E E E filtering media. Figure 3 shews arrangement of
duplicate filters to pass foul water through 10 or 12 feet of filtering media with a 5
fall of only 24 inches, and no pumping required.
SAM CHAPMAN DEAN,
39, Bramber Road, Fulham,
London, S. W.

page_text: SAMUEL CHAPMAN DEAN Agent 39 Bramber Road Fulham do hereby declare
the nature of my Invention for PURIFYING SEWAGE AND FOUL WATERS, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My Invention consists of an improved method and apparatus for aereating,
oxygenating, filtering and purifying sewage and all foul waters.
All waters during the process of filtration or precipitation loses a portion of its
natural constituents, and after filtration decomposes to regain its natural elements
from the atmosphere by aereating and oxygenating during filtration, this evil is
avoided.
The filters can be constructed portable of wood or metal, the larger sizes of
metal, bricks masonry, or concrete of any capacity required.
When used as filters to aereate or to force a purifying gas through foul waters
the bottom to be laid with perforated pipes, and air, steam, or a gas forced by any
known means through the filter,
When fitted with air tight covers can be used as filters to work under pressure.
Any filtering media can be used, for most purposes I prefer 500 lbs. coal (not
anthracite) 56 lbs. clay, 20 lbs. tan, 5 lbs. marine shells, 1 lb. borax or 4lbs. soda
coarsely ground together, and carbonised in a gas retort or coking oven.
For potable waters the process renders the use of animal charcoal economic as
the carbon can be revivified, aereated and oxygenated without removal before the
small organisms devolope in the filtrant.
To oxygenate the filtrant or the effluent I draw or pass the air through an
earthenware tube or receptacle of any form loosely filled with coke saturated with
sulphuric acid.
When treating sewage I provide receiving tanks and precipitate the solid matter
by a simple process saving the ammonia and the phosphoric acid in a semi-soluble
state suitable for the food of plants, and pass the supernatant water through the
aereating filters, the precipitated matter in the tanks is a valuable manure.
The aereating filters can be safely used for sewage, in, or near a populous locality.
When the filters &c. are covered, and fitted in the roof, or as necessary with the
sewer air cremator and ventilator (see Patent N° 92 1884) then no nuisance created
and infection destroyed.
For stagnant pools, covered reservoirs &c. I use a perforated pipe, or a grid of
perforated pipes, floated a few inches below the surface of the waters, and purify
the fluid by forcing the air, steam, or a gas through the perforated pipes.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figures 1 and 2 are portable filters, Figure 3 are various fixed filters, the same
letters denote the same parts in all the Drawings. A inlet for water, B outlet for
water C sluices to open D inlet for air, steam, or a gas E E space for filtering
media K air tight shutter to fit in when blowing or drawing air, steam, or a gas
through the filtrant to revivify it V ventilators (sewer air cremators) Figure 4
precipitating tanks T precipitants P. pumps S S S spaces for coke, engines,
filtrants &c. Figure 5 shows outflow of precipitating tanks X the outlets Figure 6
shews grid of perforated pipes for covered reservoirs, stagnant waters &c. can be
used with or without the floats W the floats,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is purifying sewage and foul waters by means of the herein before described
filters, constructed with perforated pipes, by which air, steam, or a gas may be
forced or drawn through the filters, as, and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this Third day of July 1884.
•
SAMUEL CHAPMAN DEAN.