Improvements in Machinery or Doubling Slivers, Yarns, or Fibrons Materials: Or for Apparatus for Twisting or Threads of Cotton or other Twisting and Doubling Slivers. Yarns, or Threads of Cotton or other Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in Machinery or
Doubling Slivers, Yarns, or
Fibrons Materials: Or for
Apparatus for Twisting or
Threads of Cotton or other
Twisting and Doubling Slivers.
Yarns, or Threads of Cotton or other Fibrous Materials.
We JAMES WHALEY SHEPHERD and WILLIAM AYRTON of the Gorebrook Iron
Works Longsight Manchester in the County of Lancaster Engineers and
Machinists and RALPH CLEGG of Churchill Street Oldham in the County of
Lancaster in the employment of the said firm Mechanical Draughtsman do
hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR TWISTING OR DOUBLING SLIVERS YARNS OR THREADS OF COTTON OR
OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS OR FOR TWISTING AND DOUBLING SLIVERS YARNS OR
THREADS OF COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to machinery or apparatus for twisting or doubling or
twisting and doubling slivers yarns or threads of cotton or other fibrous materials.
Our invention consists firstly in arrangements by the employment of which we
are enabled to give to the sliver yarn or thread operated upon two turns of twist
for every turn of the spindle which we employ. The sliver or slivers and yarn or
yarns and thread or threads we shall for simplicity hereinafter call the yarn-In
carrying our invention into effect we employ a spindle mounted so as to be capable
of being revolved in suitable bearings upon which spindle and loosely thereon we
mount a tube to which tube we attach a cradle or frame weighted so as not to be
rotated by the rotation of the spindle above mentioned. Longitudinally through
a portion of the length of the spindle we form a passage or tube which extends
from one end of the said spindle to an opening or openings formed through the
sides of the spindle. To the spindle above-mentioned we secure projecting arms
or a disc which are or is provided with eyes or curls. The yarn to be twisted or
doubled or twisted and doubled is wound upon a bobbin or tube or bobbins or tubes
or it may be wound upon a cop or cops which is or are placed upon the tube above
mentioned which is mounted upon the spindle or is or are placed upon a spindle or
peg or spindles or pegs secured to the said tube. The yarn to be twisted or doubled
or twisted and doubled is passed through an eye or curl or eyes or curls formed in
or secured to the weighted frame or cradle above mentioned from which eye or curl
CD 1971

page_text: or eyes or curls the said yarn passes through the passage or tube formed in the said
spindle and then through one or more of the eyes or curls of the arms or disc
attached to the spindle. The yarn after leaving one or more of the eyes or curls
of the arms or disc attached to the said spindle is conducted through suitable guides
and is then passed one or more times around a drag or draw roller and around a
finger or guide-bar and is thence conducted to a spindle rotated by any suitable
means, by which the yarn may be wound in the form of a cop or upon a bobbin
or tube. The finger or guide har above referred to I place so that it is not parallel
to the axis of the drag or draw-roller so that the yarn passing around the said
finger or guide-bar and drag or draw roller will pass around such finger or guide-
bar and drag or draw-roller in a spiral course and be prevented from being chafed
or frayed. The yarn to be twisted or doubled or twisted and doubled in its passage
from the bobbin or bobbins tube or tubes or cop or cops upon the cradle or frame
above mentioned to the spindle receives one amount of twist and while passing
from the spindle to the drag or draw-roller before mentioned receives a further
amount of twist.
If after the yarn has been twisted or doubled or twisted and doubled as above
described it is desired to wind such yarn upon a spindle in the form of a cop we
employ a "faller" and "counter faller" the faller being governed or operated by
any suitable " copping motion" and the "counter faller" being caused to act
through the medium of rods and levers upon catches which by means of a
ratchet wheel rotate a screw which by means of a guide traverses a band
or strap by which a drum which drives the spindle above mentioned is driven,
so that the speed of rotation of the spindle will be caused to increase or
decrease as the yarn is being wound upon different parts of the cop.
We only
permit the catches above mentioned to rotate the screw above referred to in order
to traverse the band or strap aforesaid at such times as the "faller" is in a certain
position preferably when at about half its "lift" between the largest and smallest
parts of the cop. In accomplishing this we employ a cam which only permits one
or the other of the catches above mentioned to rotate the screw above referred to
at the times aforesaid.
"
A further part of our invention consists in an arrangement of " copping motion
to be used in conjunction with the above described or any other arrangements of
apparatus for twisting and doubling slivers yarns or threads. In carrying this part
of our invention into effect we employ a frame capable of being slidden longi-
tudinally upon guides and moved in one direction by a cam and in the other
direction by means of a weight or spring supported by the frame above mentioned
and capable of being slidden thereon are inclines which may be moved longitudinally
by means of a screw supported in a bearing or bearings formed upon the frame above
referred to. Upon the screw above mentioned and fast thereon is a ratchet wheel..
Formed upon or secured to the frame above-mentioned is an arm in which is or are
formed a slot or slots. Supported by the inclines above referred to is a shaper bar
or plate which is provided with a projection or projections which passes or pass into
the slot or slots above mentioned. As the frame above mentioned is moved to and
fro by the cam and weight or spring above referred to the shaper-bar or plate above
mentioned is traversed below a bowl carried by an arm connected in any suitable
manner to the faller so as to actuate such faller. As the frame aforesaid is traversed
to and fro the ratchet wheel above mentioned is rotated by means of a click and by
means of the screw above referred to traverses the inclines above mentioned upon,
the said frame thus raising the shaper-bar or plate and causing it to act upon the
faller so as to cause a cop to be built or formed in the form desired, the form of the
said cop being controlled by the contour of the shaper-bar or plate aforesaid and
the contour of the inclines above mentioned which act upon the said shaper-bar or
plate.
If it be desired a still further amount of twist may be given to the yarn after
such yarn has left the drag or draw-roller above mentioned by the employment of

page_text: an ordinary ring, traveller and spindle for taking up the yarn delivered by the said
drag or draw-roller or a spindle, flyer and bobbin may be used for the same
purpose.
When it is desired to wind the yarn twisted or doubled or twisted and doubled
by means of the arrangements of apparatus above described upon bobbins or tubes
the speed of the spindles carrying the bobbins or tubes may be uniform and the
drag or tension upon the yarn may be obtained by means of a flange upon the
spindle the yarn being guided to the bobbin by means of a faller or any ordinary
traverse motion.
In some cases where the yarn is wound upon a bobbin or tube by means of any
of the arrangements ordinarily employed in drum-winding machines the draw or
drag-roller above mentioned may be dispensed with.
ry 1000.
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Carlton Chambers,
18, Saint Ann's Street, Manchester,
Agent to the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Twisting or
Doubling Slivers, Yarns, or Threads of Cotton or other
Fibrous Materials, or for Twisting and Doubling Slivers,
Yarns, or Threads of Cotton or othor Fibrous Materials.
We JAMES WHALEY SHEPHERD and WILLIAM AYRTON of the firm of Shepherd
and Ayrton of the Gorebrook Iron Works Longsight, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster Engineers and Machinists and RALPH CLEGG of Churchill Street
Oldham in the County of Lancaster in the employment of the said firm Mechanical
Draughtsman do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TWISTING OR DOUBLING SLIVERS YARNS OR
THREADS OF COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS OR FOR TWISTING AND
DOUBLING BLIVERS YARNS OR THREADS OF COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to machinery or apparatus for twisting or doubling and
twisting and doubling slivers yarns or threads of cotton or other fibrous materials.
Our invention consists firstly in arrangements by the employment of which we
are enabled to give to the sliver yarn or thread operated upon two turns of twist
for every turn of the spindle which we employ.
In order that our invention may be understood and carried into effect we
hercunto annex drawings in which drawings the same letters of reference are
applied to corresponding parts throughout the whole series of figures.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a side elevation partly in section, Fig. 2
a plan showing the first part of our invention, and Fig. 3 an end view of that which
is shown in Fig. 2.
In Figs. 1 and 2 a is a spindle mounted so as to be capable of being rotated in the
collar b and footstep c. Fast upon the spindle a is a warve d by means of which
the spindle a may be rotated. We mount a tube e loose upon the spindle a. To
the tube e we attach a cradle or frame f. The lower portion f¹ of the cradle or
frame f is so formed that it will act as a weight and prevent the cradle or frame f
from being rotated by the rotation of the spindle a. One edge f of the cradle or
frame fis formed curved. Longitudinally through a portion of the length of the
spindle a we form a passage or tube g which passage or tube g extends from the
end a of the spindle a to openings h formed through the sides of the spindle a.
Fast upon the spindle a we secure a cup j and fast upon the boss of the cup j we
mount a disc k. Upon the cradle or frame f we form a projecting part f which
partly encloses the cup j.
The sliver or slivers and yarn or yarns and thread or threads to be twisted or
doubled or twisted and doubled we shall for simplicity hereinafter call the yarn.
The yarn A to be twisted or doubled or twisted and doubled is wound upon
a bobbin which is placed upon the tube e-The yarn A to be twisted or doubled
or twisted and doubled is conducted from the bobbin over the curved edge f' of

page_text: the cradle or frame ƒ then along the outor surface of the said cradle or frame ƒ and
then over the end of the cradle or frame f to the end e¹ of the tube e and along
the passage or tube g then through either of the openings h and over the edge k¹ of
the disck from which the said yarn A passes to a drag or draw-roller as we will
hereinafter describe. We provide the cradle or frame f with a ring f³ which
prevents the yarn A from coming into contact with the bobbin l. When all the
yarn wound upon the bobbin 7 has been removed therefrom such bobbin l
may be
drawn off the tube e through the ring f and another bobbin having yarn wound
thereon may be passed through the ring f and on to the tube e.
The yarn A to be twisted or doubled or twisted and doubled in its passage from
the bobbin to the passage or tube g formed in the spindle a receives one amount
of twist and while passing from the spindle a to the drag or draw-roller above
mentioned receives a further amount of twist.
The end of the tube e passes into the interior of the cup j and the part j¹ of
the cup passes into a cavity formed by the projecting part f³ upon the cradle or
frame -The cup; and projecting part f³ prevent oil from the spindle a from
getting upon the yarn A while such yarn A is being twisted or doubled or twisted
and doubled.
Fig. 4 is a side view partly in section and Fig. 5 an end view of an arrangement
of our invention which we employ for twisting or doubling or twisting and
doubling yarn which has been wound into cops. To the cradle or frame f we
secure pegs or skewers m upon which the cops B B¹ are placed. At the end f' of
the cradle or frame f we attach guides o, o' which are hinged to the cradle or
frame f. The remaining ends of the guides o, o¹ are each formed with an eye o³.
When the guides o o¹ are turned upon the hinged part p cops B B¹ may be placed
upon the pegs or skewers m and after the cops B B₁ have been placed upon the
pegs or skewers m the guides o, o may be again placed in the position in which
they are shown in the drawing.
The yarn C to be twisted or doubled or twisted and doubled is passed from the
cop B through the eye of of the guide o and from the cop B¹ through the eye o² of
the guide o The yarn C from both of the cops B B¹ is passed through the passage
or tube g and either of the openings h and over the edge k₁ of the disc k as
previously described in reference to the arrangement in which the yarn to be
twisted or doubled or twisted and doubled is wound upon a bobbin . The yarn C
from the cops B B¹ will by the rotation of the spindle a receive one amount of
twist in passing from the cops B B¹ to the end a of the spindle a and in passing
from the edge of the disc k to the drag or draw-roller will receive an additional
amount of twist.
By means of the arrangements above described we are enabled to give to the.
yarn operated upon two turns of twist for every turn of the spindle employed.
Having now described the arrangements of apparatus by which we are enabled
to impart to the yarn two turns of twist for each turn of the spindle a we will now
describe such apparatus as combined with certain other mechanism by means of
which we wind the yarn upon a bobbin after it has been twisted or doubled or
twisted and doubled. Fig. 6 is an end elevation partly in section and Fig. 7 a side
view of so much of a machine as is requisite to illustrate this application of our
invention.
In Figs. 6 and 7 g, r are end-frames To the end-frame r is secured one end of
each of the rails 8,t the remaining ends of which are secured to another frame
similar to the frame r -The rails 8. t support the footsteps c and collars b which
support the spindles a-To the rails u. v which are secured at one end to the end-
frame we secure troughs w, x in which are shafts y, z respectively capable of
being rotated in bearings one only of which bearings is shown in the drawing
Upon the shafts y. z grooved pulleys 1 are secured. 2 is a "tin drum" which is
driven by means of a strap 3 from any convenient source of motive-power The
spindles a are driven by means of the bands 4 which pass around the "tin drum" 2
and warves & and partially around a "tin drum" 5 which is mounted upon

page_text: a shaft 6 mounted in suitable bearings mounted upon the end frames of the
machine and acts as a guide to the bands 4. Upon the axle 2* of the "tin drum" 2
is a wheel 7 the teeth of which take into or engage with the teeth of a wheel 8
carried upon a stud 9 secured to the wheel 8 is a wheel 10 the teeth of which gear
into or engage with the teeth of a wheel 11 mounted upon a shaft 12 extending
lengthwise of the machine-13 is a shaft extending lengthwise of the machine,
which shaft 13 receives rotary motion from the shaft 12 by means of the cross
shaft 14 and bevel-wheels 15. 16. 17. 18-Fast upon the shaft 13 is a bevel-
wheel 19 the teeth of which gear into or engage with the teeth of a bevel wheel 20
fast upon the lower end of a vertical shaft 21 supported by brackets. Fast upon
the upper end of the vertical shaft 21 is a bevel-wheel 22 the teeth of which gear
into or engage with the teeth of a bevel-wheel 23 fast upon a horizontal shaft 24
which shaft 24 is carried in brackets. Upon opposite ends of the shaft 24 are
bevel wheels 25. 26 the teeth of which gear into the teeth of wheels 27. 28
respectively mounted respectively fast upon the shafts 29. 30 extending lengthwise
of the machine. Above each of the spindles 31 which are supported by rails 32 is
a drag or draw-roller 33 fast upon a short shaft 34 capable of being rotated in a
bracket 35 secured to the rail à or the rail v as the case may be Fast upon the
short shaft 34 is a bevel-wheel 36 the teeth of which gear into or engage with the
teeth of a bevel-wheel 37 fast upon the shaft 29 or 30 as the case may be.
Beneath the drag or draw-roller 33 is a finger 38 secured by a set-screw 39 to the
bracket 35 The drag or draw-roller 33 and the finger 38 are shown more clearly
in Figs. 8, 9 and 10 in which figures Fig. 8 is a side-elevation Fig. 9 a plan and
Fig. 10 a front view of the drag or draw-roller 33 upon an enlarged scale. The
edge 38 of the finger 38 is formed inclined to the axis of the drag or draw-roller 33.
The rotation of the "tin drum" 2 will by means of the wheels 7. 8. 10. 11,
shaft 12, bevel wheels 15. 16 shaft 14. wheels 11. 18 shaft 13 bevel wheels 19. 20
shaft 21 bevel wheels 22. 23 shaft 24 bevel wheels 26, 28 and 25, 27 shafts 29, 30
bevel wheels 37, 36 and short shafts 34 cause each of the drag or draw-rollers 33
to be rotated in the direction indicated by the arrows D.-The yarn A from the
bobbin after being passed over the edge f* of the cradle or frame fis conducted
past the end of the cradle or frame f through the passage or tube g and one of
the openings h and over the edge k¹ of the disc from which it passes through
a guide 40 secured to a bar 41 secured to the trough v or the trough was the case
may be. The yarn A then passes over one of the pulleys 1 over a guide-rod 42
to the drag or draw roller 33 around which and the finger 38 it is passed one or
more times as may be requisite The yarn A is then conducted under a faller
wire 43 carried by a faller 44 to be wound upon the bobbin E which is mounted
upon a spindle 31.
Upon the shafts 12, 13 are mounted "tin drums" 45 which by means of
bands 46 impart rotary motion to the spindles 31. The spindles 31 are rotated at
a speed in excess of that required to take up the yarn delivered by the drag or
draw-rollers 33 and drive or rotate the bobbins E by means of the friction between
the flanges 31 upon the spindles 31 and the bases of the bobbins E placed upon
the said spindles 31. The inclined or curved edge 38* of the finger 38 causes the
yarn A while being drawn from the bobbin to pass around the drag or draw-
roller 33 in an open spiral and prevents one coil of yarn from passing over
a neighbouring coil. The yarn is passed as many times around the drag or draw-
roller 33 as may be requisite to draw the yarn from the bobbin Z.
"
The yarn is guided to or "built upon the bobbins E by means of the faller-
wires 43 which faller-wires 43 are actuated by means of the heart or cam 47. The
heart or cam 47 acts upon a bowl or roller 48 carried by a lever 49 connected by
a rod 50 to a lever 51 secured to a shaft 52 to which the faller 44 is secured. To
the lever 51 is jointed one end of a rod 53 which at its other end is jointed to
a lever 54 fast upon the shaft 55 upon which shaft 55 is fastened an arm 56 which
carries the faller-wire 43. The rotation of the heart or cam 47 imparts to the
faller-wires 43 the motion required to "build" the yarn A upon the bobbins E.

page_text: If after the yarn has been twisted or doubled or twisted and doubled as above
described it is desired to wind such yarn upon a spindle in the form of a cop we
employ the arrangements shown in Figs. 11, 12 and 13 in which figures Fig. 11 is
a side elevation, Fig. 12 an end elevation partly in section and Fig. 13 an elevation
showing certain of the parts shown in Fig. 12. To avoid confusion certain parts
are omitted from Figs. 11. 12 and 13 To such of the parts shown in Figs. 11, 12
and 13 as correspond to parts herein before referred to we shall affix the same
letters of reference as we have affixed to the parts corresponding thereto. In Figs.
11 and 12. 57, 58 are end-frames. To the end-frame 58. are secured rails 8 t which
carry the spindles a each provided with a cradle or frame f. To the end-frame 58
are secured rails u. v. which support troughs wx carrying shafts y. z upon which
are mounted pulleys 1. Upon the rails u, v are mounted drag or draw-rollers 33.
The rails s tuv are secured at their ends which are not shown in the drawing to an
end frame similar to the end-frame 58. 59. 60 are rails which support spindles 61.
28 is a shaft which receives rotary motion from any convenient source of motive-
power. Upon the shaft 2 is mounted a "tin drum" 2 which imparts rotary
motion to the spindles a by means of the bands 4 which bands 4 are guided upon
the warves d of the spindles a by means of the " tin-drum" 5. 62 is a faller-wire
carried by arms 63 mounted upon a faller-shaft 64 supported in bearings carried
by the end-frame 58 and the other end-frame of the machine-65 is a counter-
faller-wire carried by arms 66 secured to a counter-faller-shaft 67 supported by the
end-frames 58 and the other end-frame of the machine. 68 is a shaft capable of
being revolved in bearings carried by the end-frames 57. 58.
Mounted upon
the shaft 68 so as to be capable of being rotated thereon is a cone-drum 69
which receives rotary motion from the shaft 2 by means of the toothed wheels
63ª, 64ª, 65, 66*. Fast with the cone-drum 69 is a toothed bevel-wheel 70 the
teeth of which gear into the teeth of a bevel-wheel 71 carried by a bevel-wheel 72
mounted upon the shaft 68 so as to be capable of being rotated thereon. The teeth
of the bevel-wheel 71 gear into the teeth of a bevel-wheel 73 mounted upon the
shaft 68 so as to be capable of being rotated thereon. Fast with the bevel-
wheel 73 is a toothed wheel 74 the teeth of which gear into or engage with the
teeth of a wheel 75 mounted fast upon a shaft 76, mounted fast upon which is a
"tin drum" 77. which by means of endless bands imparts rotary motion to the
spindles 61. 78 is a shaft capable of being rotated in bearings formed in the end-
frames 57. 58. Fast upon the shaft 78 is a cone-drum 79 which receives rotary motion
from the cone-drum 69 by means of a strap 80. The cone-drum 79 by means of
toothed wheels and a short shaft imparts motion to the bevel-wheel 72. The said
bevel wheels and short shaft are omitted from the drawing in order to avoid
confusion. The wheels 70. 71. 72 and 73 constitute a “differential motion "similar
to that used in the machines known as roving or slubbing frames by which
differential motion" the rotation of the "tin drum" 77 may be governed as will
be hereinafter described. In the end-frames 57. 58 are formed bearings supported
by and capable of being revolved in which is a shaft 81 upon which are formed
screw-threads mounted upon which and capable of being traversed thereon is a
strap-guide 82 between the forked ends of which the strap 80 passes. To the
faller-shaft 64 is secured an arm 83 formed with a curved part 83 to the end of
which is connected a chain 84 the other end of which is connected to a curved
part 85 formed upon one arm 85 of a bell-crank-lever mounted so as to be capable
of being oscillated upon a stud 86 carried by the end-frame 58. One arm 87 of
the bell-crank-lever aforesaid is provided with a bowl or roller 88 which is supported
upon an incline 89 carried upon a frame 90 capable of being slidden longitudinally
in V guides 91. formed upon a bracket 92 secured to the end-frame 58-The frame 90
and certain of the parts connected therewith are shown more clearly in Fig. 14 which
will be hereinafter more particularly described in reference to a further part of our
invention Secured to the frame 90 is a stud 93 which carries a bowl or roller 94
against which acts a cam 95 mounted fast upon a shaft 96 mounted so as to be
capable of being rotated in bearings formed in the end frame 58—Tha chaft 96
u

page_text: "
receives rotary motion by means of the worm-wheel 97 worm 98 and bevel-
wheels 99. 100 the latter of which is fast upon the shaft 68-As the cam 95
rotates it will by means of the bowl or roller 94 cause the frame 90 to be
slidden to and fro in the brackets 92 and by means of the incline 89 as will
be readily understood by persons acquainted with machines for "building
yarn into cops; will by means of the bowl or roller 94 arms 87. 85 chain 84
and arm 83 raise the faller-wires 62 and allow them to descend so as to guide
the yarn while being wound upon the spindles 61-The yarn A to be wound
upon the spindles 61 after leaving the drag or draw-rollers 33 passes beneath
the counter-faller-wires 65 and from the counter-faller wires 65 passes over the
faller-wires 62 from which it passes to the spindles 61-The drag or draw-
rollers 33 deliver the yarn A to the spindles 61 at an uniform speed and in
order that the spindles 61 may "take up" the yarn A as it is delivered by the
drag or draw-rollers 33 we employ the arrangements to be next described by
means of which arrangements the speed at which the spindles 61 are rotated may
be increased or decreased as may be required in order to wind the yarn A into
cops upon the spindles 61. In order that this portion of our invention may be
readily understood we show in Fig. 13 certain parts in positions different from
those in which they are indicated in Figs. 11 and 12. The counter-faller 66 is
weighted so that it tends to turn in the direction indicated by the arrow F by
means of a weight or spring not shown in the drawings which weight or spring is
proportioned to the tension required in winding the yarn upon the spindles 61-
Fast upon the faller-shaft 04 are arms 101, 102 to which are jointed catches
103 104 respectively-Fast with the catch 103 is a lever 105 and fast with the
catch 104 is a lever 106-To the lever 105 is jointed one end of a rod 107 the
remaining end of which is jointed to a rod 108-To the lever 106 is jointed one
end of a rod 109 the remaining end of which is jointed to a rod 110 The lower
ends of the rods 108, 110 pass through holes formed through a bracket 111 which
bracket 111 acts as a guide for the said lower ends of the rods 108, 110-Fast upon
the shaft 81 are two ratchet wheels 112, 113 placed side by side, the teeth of which
ratchet wheels 112, 113 are placed in opposite directions-The ratchet wheels
112, 113 are shown in the detached view Fig. 15 Near to the lower end of the
rod 108 is jointed a catch or pawl 114 the weight of which at certain times as will
be hereinafter pointed out causes the catch or pawl 114 to engage with the teeth
of the ratchet wheel 112-Near to the lower end of the rod 110 is jointed a catch
or pawl 115 which catch or pawl 115 is caused at times as will be hereinafter
pointed out, to engage with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 113. At the upper end
of the rod 108 is formed a tooth 116 and at the upper end of the rod 110 is formed
a tooth 117--To the end frame 58 is secured a stud 118 upon which and capable
of being oscillated thereon is a boss 119 upon which are formed arms 120. 121.
122 To the end-frame 58 is secured a stud 123 upon which and capable of being
rotated thereon is a boss to which is secured a toothed wheel 124 which receives
rotary motion by means of the wheel 125 from the shaft 68-Upon the stud 123
and fast with the toothed-wheel 124 is mounted a cam 126 which acts upon a
bowl or roller mounted upon the arm 121 fast upon the boss 119. As the cam 126
rotates the arm 121 will be oscillated by means of the cam 126 in the direction
indicated by the arrow G and will be oscillated in a direction opposite to that
indicated by the arrow G by means of a spring 127 one end of which is secured to
the arm 120 the remaining end of the spring 127 being secured to the end-
frame 58-Upon the extremity of the arm 120 is formed a tooth 128 which at
times as will be hereinafter pointed out is caused by the oscillations of the arm 120
to act upon one or other of the rods 108, 110 so as to draw it in the direction
indicated by the arrow H-Fast upon the shaft 96 is a disc 129 a portion of the
circumference of which disc 129 between the points J. and K. is removed in order
that a recess into which may pass a bowl carried by the arın 122, may be formed-
Secured to the end-frame 58 is a stud 130 mounted upon which so as to be capable
of being oscillated thercon is a bell-crank-lever, one arm 131 of which is in contact

page_text: with the circumference of a cam 132 mounted upon the stud 123 and fast with the
toothed wheel 124-The arm 133 of the bell-crank-lever aforesaid is situate
beneath the ends of the levers 105, 106 and at certain times as will be hereinafter
pointed out will raise the ends of the said levers 105. 106 and with them the ends
of the rods 108. 110-When the machine above described is at work the yarn A
in its passage from the bobbins to the drag or draw-rollers 33 will have been
twisted or doubled or twisted and doubled as hereinbefore described and will by
the rotation of the spindles 61 be wound thereon-So long as the yarn A is wound
upon the spindles 61 at the same rate as it is delivered by the drag or draw-
rollers 33 the counter-fuller-wires 65 by rising and falling between the points L
and M will compensate for the variations of the rate at which the yarn A is wound
upon the smaller or larger parts of the cops-If the yarn A be taken up by the
spindles 61 at a rate greater than that at which it is delivered by the drag or
draw-rollers 33 the counter-faller-wires 65 will be caused to arrive beyond the
point M and by means of an arm 134 rod 135 and arm 136 turn a part 137 in tho
direction indicated by the arrow N and so move the part 137 from beneath
the catch 103 when the rod 107 being no longer supported will descend and bring
the tooth 116 into the path of the tooth 128 so that each oscillation of the
arm 120 in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow G will be caused
to draw the rod 108 in the same direction and by means of the catch or pawl 114
and ratchet-wheel 112 rotate the shaft 81 and by means of the screw-threads
formed on the said shaft 81 traverse the strap-guide 82 and the strap 80 from a
larger to a smaller part of the cone-drum 69 and by means of the cone-drum 79
bevel-wheels 71. 72. 73 wheels 74. 75 and "tin-drum" 77 reduce the speed of the
spindles 61 and thereby reduce the rate at which the yarn A is wound upon the
spindles 61-The reduction of the rate at which the yarn A is wound upon
the spindles 61 will allow the counter-faller-wires 65 to descend to their normal
position The oscillations of the arm 133 will by means of the cam 132 lift the
catch 103 to the level of the top of the part 137 and as soon as the descent of tho
Counter-faller-wires 65 turns the part 137 into position to support the catch 103
the tooth 116 will be raised clear of the tooth 128 on the arm 120-If the yarn A
be taken up by the spindles 61 at a rate less than that at which it is delivered by
the draw-drum or rollers 33 the counter-faller-wires 65 will descend below the
point L and will by means of the arm 134 rod 135 and arm 136 put the part 137
clear of the catch 104 and thus allow the arm 134 rod 109 and rod 110 io descend
and allow the tooth 117 to pass into the path of the tooth 128 upon the arm 120
which being oscillated by the cam 126 as herein beforo described will when moving
in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow G draw forward the
rod 110 in the direction indicated by the arrow H and by means of the catch or
pawl 115 and ratchet wheel 113 and screw-threads formed upon the shaft 81 will
traverse the strap-guide 32 so as to traverse the strap 30 from a smaller to a larger
part of the cone-drum 69 and by means of the cone-drum 79 bevel-wheels 71. 72.73
wheels 74. 75 and "tin-drum" 77 cause the spindles 61 to rotate with an increased
velocity and by so doing wind the yarn A upon the spindles 61 at a greater rate.―
The increase in the rate at which the yarn A is wound upon the spindles 61 will
cause the counter-faller-wires 65 to ascend to their normal position so as to turn
the part 137 into position to support the catch 104 rod 109 rod 110 and the
tooth 117 having been raised by the cam 132 and arm 133 of the bell-crank-lever
aforesaid will also have raised the rod 110 and tooth 117 clear of the tooth 128 on
the arm 120 and the ratchet wheel 113 will cease to be acted upon-The weight of
each of the rods 108. 110 causes it to move in the direction opposite to that
indicated by the arrow H. The movement of the rods 108. 110 in the direction
opposite to that indicated by the arrow H is limited by means of projections 108ª
110 formed upon the rods 108, 110 respectively. The disc 129 is fixed in such
position upon the shaft 96 that the recess between the points J. and K arrives
opposite the bowl on the arm 122 at such times only as the faller-wires 62 are at

page_text: about half of their lift between the largest and smallest parts of the cop-When
the bowl on the arm 122 is in contact with the part of the circumference of the
disc 129 situate betwen the points K and J. and the bowl on the arm 121 is held
clear of the cam 126 no motion is imparted to the rods 108. 110-The faller-
shaft 64 on one side of the machine by means of the arm 138 and chain 139 and
arm 140 actuates the faller-shaft 64 and faller-wire 62 at the other side of the said
machine and the counter-faller shaft 67 at one side of the machine by means of the
arm 141 chain 142 and arm 143 actuates the counter-faller-shaft 67 at the other
side of the said machine.
"
A further part of our invention consists in an arrangement of " "copping motion
to be used in conjunction with the above described or any other arrangements of
machinery or apparatus for twisting or doubling or twisting and doubling slivers
yarns or threads-This portion of our invention is shown in Figs. 11. 12 and 14.
In Fig. 14 our arrangement of copping motion is shown separated from the other
parts of the machine-90 is a frame supported by V guides 91 in which it may be
slidden longitudinally in the direction indicated by the arrow O by means of the
cam 95 which acts against the bowl or roller 94 upon the stud 93 projecting from
the frame 90-The frame 90 may be traversed in a direction opposite to that
indicated by the arrow O by means of a weight or spring not shown in the
drawings.
Supported by the frame 90 are two inclines 144. 145 which are formed with
parts 146 which embrace V guides 147 formed upon the frame 90 Formed upon
the frame 90 is a boss 148 through which passes a short shaft 149 capable of being
rotated in the boss 148 and prevented from moving longitudinally by collars-
Upon part of the short shaft 149 are formed screw-threads 150 which take into or
engage with screw threads formed in a part 151 secured to the inclines 144, 145–
Mounted upon the short shaft 149 is a ratchet wheel 152-Formed upon or
secured to the frame 90 is an arm in which is formed a slot 153-89 is a
shaper bar or plate herein before referred to as the incline 89 which is pro-
vided with projecting parts 154, 155 by which such shaper bar or plate 89 is
supported upon the inclines 144. 145 The projecting part 154 passes into the
slot 153-As the frame 90 above mentioned is moved to and fro by the cam 95
and weight or spring above referred to the shaper bar or plate 89 is traversed
below the bowl or roller 88 carried by the arm 87 which by means of the chain 84
actuates the faller-shaft 64-As the frame 90 is caused by the cam 95 to traverse to
and fro the ratchet-wheel 152 is caused to be rotated by means of the bell-crank-
lever 156 and clicks or pawls carried thereby as will be well understood by persons
conversant with the machines known as "self acting mules."
The rotation of the shaft 149 will by means of the screw-threads 150 cause the
inclines 144. 145 to be moved upon the frame 90 in the direction indicated by the
arrow P thus causing the bar or plate 89 to be raised and act upon the faller-
wire 62 so as to cause a cop to be built or formed in the form desired the form of
the cop being controlled by the contour of the bar or plate 89 and those of the
inclines 144, 145.
If it be desired a still further amount of twist may be imparted to the yarn after
such yarn has left the drag or draw roller above mentioned by the employment of
an ordinary ring, traveller and spindle for taking up the yarn delivered by the
before-mentioned drag or draw-roller or a spindle and flyer may be used for the
same purpose.
In some cases where the yarn after being twisted or doubled or twisted and
doubled by any of the above described arrangements is wound upon a bobbin or
tube by means of any of the arrangements ordinarily employed in drum winding
machines the drag or draw-roller above mentioned may be dispensed with.
In some cases we form the discs & herein before mentioned with eyes or curls-
through one of which the sliver, yarn or thread being operated upon may be
'

page_text: passed and in some cases we employ arms instead of the discs k which arms may
be formed with eyes or curls through which the sliver yarn or thread being
operated upon may be passed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our Baid
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1. In a machine or apparatus of the kind hereinbefore described for twisting or
doubling or twisting and doubling slivers yarns or threads of cotton or other
fibrous materials the combination of parts by means of which more than one turn
of twist is caused to be imparted to the sliver yarn or thread operated upon during
each revolution of the spindle employed which combination of parts consists in
a spindle such as a, tube or passage such as g, disc such as k, tube such as e, cradle
or frame such as f provided with a ring such as f5 and curved edge such as f* all
constructed, arranged and operating substantially in the manner and for the
purposes hereinbefore described in reference to and indicated by the drawings
hereunto annexed.
2. In a machine or apparatus of the kind herein before described for twisting or
doubling or twisting and doubling slivers, yarns or threads of cotton or other
fibrous materials the combination of parts by means of which more than one turn
of twist is caused to be imparted to the sliver, yarn or thread operated upon during
each revolution of the spindle employed which combination of parts consists in a
spindle such as a, tube or passage such as g, disc such as k, tube such as e, cradle or
frame such as f provided with guides such as o and o¹ and pins or pegs such as m,
all constructed arranged and operating substantially in the manner and for the
purposes herein before described in reference to and indicated by the drawings
hereunto annexed.
3. In a machine or apparatus of the kind bereinbefore described for twisting or
doubling or twisting and doubling slivers, yarns or threads of cotton or other
fibrous materials a draw or drag roller such as 33 and finger or guide bar such
as 38 constructed employed and operating in conjunction with each other sub-
stantially in the manner herein before described and indicated by Figs. 6. 7. 8. 9
10. 11 and 12 of the drawings hereunto annexed for the purpose of drawing the
sliver yarn or thread, twisted or doubled or twisted and doubled from the spindle
and other apparatus by means of which it is twisted or doubled or twisted and
doubled and allowing it to be delivered to the spindle bobbin or cop upon which it
is to be wound.
4. In a machine of the kind bereinbefore described for twisting or doubling or
twisting and doubling slivers yarns or threads of cotton or other fibrous materials
the combination of parts by means of which the sliver, yarn or thread twisted or
doubled or twisted and doubled is caused to be wound upon the spindle upon
which the cop is to be wound at or about the same rate as it is delivered by the
drag or draw roller employed which combination of parts consists in faller-wires
such as 62, counter faller wires such as 65, arms such as 63, arms such as 66,
arm such as 134, rod such as 135, arm such as 136, part such as 137, catches
such as 103 and 104, levers such as 105 and 106, rod such as 107, rod such as 109,
rods such as 110 and 111, catches or pawls such as 114 and 115, ratchet wheels
such as 112 and 113, catches or pawls such as 116 and 117, tooth such as 128,
arms such as 120, 121 and 122, spring such as 127, cam such as 126, disc such
as 129, arms such as 131 and 133, cam such as 132, strap-guide such as 82, screw-
threads on shaft 81 and bracket such as 111, all constructed arranged and
operating substantially in the manner and for the purposes bereinbefore described
in reference to and indicated by the drawings hereunto annexed.
5. In a machine or apparatus for twisting or doubling or twisting and doubling
alivers yarns or threads of cotton or other fibrous materials the combination of
parts by means of which the sliver yarn or thread twisted or doubled or twisted

page_text: and doubled may be caused to be wound into cops of any desired form which parts
consist in a frame such as 90, V-guides such as 147, parts such as 146, inclines
Buch as 144 and 145, incline such as 89, projecting parts such as 154 and 155, slot
such as 153, bowl or roller such as 88, arm such as 87, screw-threads such as 150,
all constructed arranged and operating by means of faller-wires 62 substantially
in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described in reference to and
indicated in and by the drawings hereunto annexed.
Dated this twenty ninth day of October 1886