Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Sept., 1887
Complete Left, 14th June, 1888
Complete Accepted, 27th July, 1888
I, RICHARD WILLIAM STARKEY of Hampton Wick in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Aërated liquors are generally contained in bottles of small capacity or in siphons of
moderate capacity, so that, when the consumption is considerable, these have to
be supplied in large numbers at considerable cost for transport, and with great risk of
breakage. My invention relates to means of storing aërated liquors in bulk, so that
instead of a draught being drawn from a single bottle emptying it or a few draughts
being drawn from a siphon, a large number of successive draughts can be drawn from
the store without material reduction of the pressure; and, when this is exhausted it can
be readily and cheaply supplied again. For this purpose, I provide two sets of vessels,
those of the one set being of considerable capacity and of strength sufficient to contain
aërated liquor under the ordinary pressure at which such liquors are kept; the vessels
of the other set are smaller in volume but are sufficiently strong to contain carbonic
acid or other gas used for aërating at a very high pressure. Either of the vessels is
provided with a reducing valve adjusted so that whatever be the pressure in the gas
holder, the pressure in the liquor vessel to which the gas holder is attached shall not
exceed the suitable liquor pressure. When the two vessels are connected by a union
or otherwise, liquor can be drawn off by opening a suitable cock or valve, and
thereupon a charge of gas will pass the reducing valve from the gas holder to the
liquor holder, making up for the reduction of pressure in the latter; and this can
be repeated until the liquor or gas or both are exhausted. The liquor holder can be
replenished with water with or without saline solution and the gas holder can be
detached and recharged with compressed gas. The liquor holder may be provided
with an agitator to promote absorption of gas. In some cases, I make the
and the liquor holder as a single vessel made in two compartments, the one to hold
gas holder
the liquor and the other to hold the gas, the reducing valve being situated in the
passage by which the two compartments communicate.
Dated this 15th day of September 1887.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: A Method and Apparatus for Supplying Aerated
1, RICHARD WILLIAM STARKEY, of Hampton Wick, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
Aerated liquors are usually prepared at some factory or establishment for the
purpose, and charged into bottles or siphons in comparatively small quantities, and as
these bottles or siphons have to be transported along with their contents subject
to fracture and loss, the cost of aurated liquors is enhanced in consequence of the
weight and bulk of their holders and of their liability to loss and damage.
My invention relates to a method of preparing and dispensing aërated liquors
whereby I greatly reduce the cost of the containing vessels and of their transport,
and afford convenience to the consumers by enabling them to manufacture the
liquors for their own use and to use more or less of the liquor as they may desire.
The method which I adopt for this purpose may be briefly described as follows.
I provide two receptacles which may be separate vessels or two separate compartiments
of one vessel, the one receptacle being of considerable size and of moderate strength
sufficient to withstand an internal pressure such as 30 to 50 lbs. per square inch, the
other receptacle being of smaller size and of greater strength sufficient to withstand
I connect the two
an internal pressure of several hundred pounds per square inch.
receptacles by a passage provided with an adjustable reducing valve, I charge the
smaller receptacle to high pressure with carbonic acid or other gas suitable for
aërating, and I charge the larger receptacle with the liquor to be aëräted, which may
be simply water with or without saline or flavouring substances.
Gas flows from the one receptacle to the other, its pressure in the latter being
moderated by the reducing valve and aerates the liquor therein. According as the
liquor is drawn off lessening the pressure, more of the gas is supplied through the
valve, and this goes on till the liquor is exhausted or till the pressure of the gas
becomes so far reduced as to be no longer available for aëration.
When the receptacles are separate.compartments of one vessel, the whole vessel can
be taken to the factory or establishment to be charged again with liquor and
with gas.
When the gas receptacle is separate from the liquor receptacle the former can be
taken to the gas factory to be charged again at high pressure, the consumer can
prepare his own liquor, and then the charged gas vessel can be connected to the
liquor vessel to acrate its contents. By this method of operating considerable
quantities can be transported at moderate cost, especially when only the gas vessels
are carried from place to place, a very large volume of gas being by compression
contained in a vessel of moderate capacity and weight.
In order that the practical carrying out of the method which I have described may
be understood I will now describe, as examples, convenient arrangements of the

page_text: vessels and the reducing valve, referring to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a
vertical section of a liquor vessel and of a separate gas vessel, temporarily connected
to it through a reducing valve. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of a vessel having a liquor
compartment and a gas compartment, these being connected through a reducing valve.
Fig. 3 is a section to an enlarged scale of a reducing valve suitable for the connection
of the two vessels or compartments.
In Fig. 1 L is tha liquor vessel provided with a draw off cock or valve D, G is the
gas vessel and R the reducing valve with passage through it making communication
from the one vessel to the other. When the gas vessel G has to be charged it can be
unscrewed from the liquor vessel and taken away to be charged and the liquor vessel
can be charged through the opening left on unscrewing the gas vessel.
In Fig. 2 L is the liquor compartment with its draw off cock or valve D, and G is
the gas compartment communicating with the liquor compartment L through the
reducing valve R which is in this case a fixture.
The connections of the reducing valve R to the liquor and gas compartments
may be made as shewn with mouths provided with check valves C for charging the
compartments, or there may be separate inlets to the two compartments provided with
suitable cocks or valves for closing them after charging. The reducing valve R shewn
in Fig. 3 is constructed and operates as follows.
A small valve V is fitted in the passage leading from the gas compartment G the
stem of the valve abutting against the short arm of a bent lever B. This lever is
made with trunnions resting in hollows of the casting forming a fulcrum for it, and
its long arm bears against the head of a screw H under a flexible metal diaphragm F.
This diaphragm is clamped round its edge to the valve box by a screw cap M within
which there is a spring S that can be adjusted to greater or less pressure by the
screw plug N. The spring bears on a disc which rests on the diaphragm F and is
held to it by the screw H. The spring S being adjusted to the pressure desired in
the liquor receptacle at L whenever the pressure therein is sufficient, the diaphragm F
is pressed outwards partly by this pressure and partly by the strain of the lever B,
and the valve V remains closed. But when the pressure in the liquor receptacle
becomes so far reduced that the spring S can overcome the outward pressure on the
diaphragm, the diaphragm is pressed inwards moving the lever B so as to open
the valvo-V thus admitting gas to the liquor receptacle until the pressure is again
sufficiently raised, whereupon the diaphragm is again bulged outwards and the valve V
closes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
ion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
:-
The herein described method of preparing and dispensing aërated liquors by
harging separate receptacles with liquor and with compressed gas respectively and
utting these receptacles in communication with each other through an adjustable
educing valve whereby the pressure in the liquor receptacle is maintained nearly
onstant notwithstanding considerable variation of the pressure in the gas receptacle,
s and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 14th day. CT………….. 1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.