Improvements in Horse-shoe Calks or Studs.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Jan., 1899-Accepted, 4th Mar.,
1899
Improvements in Horse-shoe Calks or Studs.
We, Dr. ROBERT KLEE, Veterinary Surgeon, of 23 Johannisallee, and JULIUS
WEZEL, Manufacturer, of 17 Dresdnerstrasse, both of Leipzig, in the Empire of
Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention for improvements in horse-shoes relates to a method of manufac-
turing calks or studs for horse-shoes, the distinguishing feature of which is that
the calks are made of a soft and a hard material, specially put together, in
order that the hard material which serves as a grip or hold may preserve an
uneven bearing service on the calk or stud, the soft material wearing away much
easier on the treading surface than the hard material and the hard material con-
sequently always projecting therefrom.
The special arrangement is described in the following specification, and illus-
trated in the accompanying drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a calk or stud.
Fig. 2 a plan thereof,
Fig. 3 a section of the same,
Fig. 4 a plan showing the holders or cutters, as separate tongue pieces fixed in
the base.
Fig. 5 an elevation of a modified construction of calk.
The calk consists of the base a which is fixed in position by a threaded shank c
(Fig. 3), the upper part of the base being divided into tongues b.
Between the tongues are inserted the holders or cutters d which may be in
the form of a coil or otherwise as suitable. The pieces d are pressed with their
flat sides between the tongues b, whilst the smaller surface projecting beyond the
tongues serves as a holding, or cutting surface when the horse is treading, or the
apparatus can be in such a form that the body of the calk is made of hard metal
and furnished with grooves, into which the soft metal is worked which likewise
lies back a suitable or corresponding distance (Fig. 5).
The soft metal which easily wears away, being a composition or the like,
stands back in relation to the harder substance, steel, etc. of which the straight
or coiled cutting and holding parts & are made. In consequence of the friction
at the bottom which occurs in treading, the soft metal wears away, whilst the
hard metal consequently remains projecting and fit for holding, even when the
part which projects originally as in the drawing is worn away and thus an effec-
tive grip or hold always exists.
The calk or stud, is in this way sharpened of itself and cannot become blunt
until it is quite worn down.
"the calks or studs
It is immaterial what position to the "running direction
have, or of what material the holding piece is made or how otherwise executed.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:
1. Calk or stud for horse-shoes composed of a soft and a hard material, each of
which supplements the other in such a manner that the hard material d extends
beyond the soft material 6 in cutter like straight or coiled projections, substan-
tially as described.
2. The improved calk or stud for horse-shoes substantially as described with
reference to the drawings.
Dated this 10th dow of Lu 1900
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.