A SELF-ACTING PUMP-INJECTOR FOR FEEDING BOILERS WITH WATER HEATED BY THE WASTE STEAM.
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan-Brown, of the Firm of Brandon and
Morgan-Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings,
London, and 13, Rue Gaillon,, Paris, for the Invention of "A SELF-ACTING
PUMP-INJECTOR FOR FEEDING BOILERS WITH WATER HEATED BY THE WASTE
STEAM.' A communication from abroad by Horace Chiazzari de Torres, of
15, Place du Statut, Turin, Italy, Engineer.
led the 12th January 1877, and dated the 21st July 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan-Brown at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st July 1876.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 13, Rue Gaillon,
Paris. "A SELF-ACTING PUMP-INJECTOR FOR FEEDING BOILERS WITH WATER
HEATED BY THE WASTE STEAM."
This pump, which can be made to work uninterruptedly, consists in a bored
barrel A, A, Figure 1, in which a piston S is caused to move to and fro by means
of a rod G, so as to divide the barrel in two compartments of unequal size. This
barrel A, A¹, communicates, firstly, with the water tank through the pipe T and
spherical valve t; secondly, with the boiler through the pipe C and spherical valve c;
and thirdly, with the waste-steam pipe of the cylinders, by means of the passage V
and condenser B, which are in connection with the spherical valve b. The two
compartments of the pump also communicate with each other by means of the
passage D divided into two branches and provided with a spherical valve d
(Figures 1, 5, and 6,) situated at one extremity, and also with the condenser B.
When the piston is impelled from A to A¹, a vacuum being formed behind it,
water from the tank is forced therein by the atmospheric pressure, the valve d being
drawn down on its seat and the one t raised. During the return of the piston
from A to A a vacuum is formed behind it, the valve d being raised and the t
brought down on its seat, whilst the water in the smaller compartment is forced
through the holes of the plate P into the condenser B, and from thence by raising
the valve b into the larger compartment of the pump, but as there is not sufficient
water to fill the latter a partial vacuum is formed therein, which causes the waste
steam of the cylinder to rush into contact with the water flowing through the
[ Posing S77

page_text: plate P, whereby its condensation is produced, and the water heated by the effect of
this condensation is injected into the larger compartment; at this state the pump is
in working order. During the motion of the piston from A to A¹, as soon as the
valve c is raised and those d and blowered on their seats, the boiling water will be
forced into the boiler through the air vessel II, whilst the vacunm formed on the
other side is filled with cold water, which will be heated at the return stroke of
the piston, and so on.
The regulator R, Figures 1, 2, and 7, with its valve 7, serves to throttle as may be
required the section of admission of the water drawn through the pipe T from the
tank, and consequently the capacity of the pump. The cock R¹, Figure 7, is an
additional mechanical agent for the same purpose.
In order to introduce the waste steam in the passage V, I adapt in the waste
steam pipe a deflecting pipe E, the shape of which is calculated not only to direct
the waste steam into V but also the condensed water mixed with the steam,
whereby its projection is increased at e, c.
The piston S is driven by the connecting rod M by means of an excentric or a
set of levers, as shewn in Figure 7. The rod M is provided with a spherical head,
so that it can turn or oscillate in all directions. The head N is guided by the
cylindrical prolongation of the pump barrel, and it is fastened to the piston rod by
means of a conical pin secured by a screw , Figures 1 and 3.
The piston rod is provided with a common stuffing box, but within the packing I
place a ring pierced with a large number of small holes which communicate with
the valve box constantly charged with water, with a view, should the stuffing box
not be properly packed, that the vacuum formed by, the pump shall always raise
water and not air.
The piston S may be constructed on the Swedish principle, or it may be composed
of two cast-iron rings g, Figure 1, so as to always produce a sufficient draft, by
means of the disc s screwed on the piston, whilst the screw a cut in the contrary
direction prevents the said disc from getting loose.
One oil cup U, Figures 1, 5, and 7, is sufficient to labricate the head m of the
connecting rod, the head N of the piston, the guides, and the piston rod, because
the oil which drops to the bottom of the guides, and which is intercepted by the
plate p, Figures 1, 3, and 5, flows into the groove q, wherein the wick wrapped
round the piston rod, see Figure 1, is soaked.
The two filters F for the water and F₁ for the steam prevent any impurities
entering the pump, any such matter passing accidentally the filters collect in the
cavity or chamber L, from whence it is withdrawn by unscrewing the bolt 7,
Figures 1, 2, and 6.
Any system of lubrification can be applied to my pump; however, I prefer
adapting thereto the self-acting oil feeder shewn in Figures 1, 5, and 7. This
apparatus consists in a small cylindrical valve which is impelled against its seat
when the pump is at rest by a spiral spring, and in which position it intercepts the
passage of the oil from u to u¹; but as soon as the pump is put in motion and a
vacuum formed in the pipe Q the valve x, yielding to the pressure of the atmosphere,
is drawn forward and closes the orifice of the said pipe Q; in this position the
circular groove coincides with the hole u, u¹, and allows the oil to pass freely
from the cup U to the working parts above mentioned. The valve i in the nozzle I,
Figure 5, prevents the pressure from entering the pipe Q, and consequently it
remains open whilst the pump is working. I place one or more discs of cotton on
the upper part of the pipe u, for the purpose of filtering the oil and causing it to
flow regularly. A few small canals provided in the apparatus serve to collect what-
ever oil runs on the other side of the valve. When the pump stops and the pressure
in the pipe is re-establislfed the spiral spring above mentioned returns the valve
to its first position, see Figure 1, and intercepts the passage of the oil.
At Figure 7 I have shewn how the stoppage of the pump is rendered self-acting,
the suction pipe T instead of being connected directly with the regulator R conducts
the water into the injector J, whence it branches off in the form of a double

page_text: syphon until it unites with the regulator R by means of its descending branch;
another pipe v in the shape of a simple syphon is connected with the injector, and
the waste steam of the cylinders is discharged from the passage V through this pipe
on the liquid mass by means of the usual cone. The two pipes T and v may be
connected at the upper part of the siphons by means of a nozzle 0 provided
internally with a small valve o opening from below, see Figure 8. Under these
circumstances the water in the tender of a locomotive for instance, so long as the
pump is inactive, flows up the ascending branch of the pipe T into the descending
branch of the pipe v, until the level of the liquid be the same in both, see Figure 7,
but directly the regulator is opened the waste steam immediately rushes into the
pipe v and closes the valve o. The vacuum then formed by the piston of the pump
draws the water from the descending branch T, and the atmospheric pressure forces
water from the tender into the body of the pump, whilst the pressure of the steam
empties on the other side the longer branch of the pipe v, and mixing with the
liquid mass heats it to a certain extent. So long as there is steam in the pipe v the
pump continues to act without interruption, but if the regulator is closed the pipe v
will contain nothing but air and the valve o opens by its own weight, hence the
small compartment of the pump will only draw through the waste steam pipe air,
and the pump moves to and fro without producing any useful effect, but every time
the regulator is opened it commences to act again, as afore described.
My apparatus is susceptible of application to any kind of pump, and when
properly constructed and managed will raise the temperature of the feed water very
considerably.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Morgan-Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th January 1877.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 13, Rue Gaillon,
Paris. "A SELF-ACTING PUMP-INJECTOR FOR FEEDING BOILERS WITH WATER
HEATED BY THE WASTE STEAM." A communication from abroad by Horace Chiazzari
de Torres, of 15, Place du Statut, Turin, Italy, Engineer.
This pump which can be made to work uninterruptedly consists in a bored
barrel A, A¹, Figure 1, in which a piston S is caused to move to and fro by means
of a rod G, so as to divide the barrel in two compartments of unequal size. This
barrel A, A, communicates, firstly, with the water tank through the pipe T and
spherical valve t; secondly, with the boiler through the pipe C and spherical
valve c; and thirdly, with the waste steam pipe of the cylinders by means of the
passage V and condensor B, which are in connection with the spherical valve b.
The two compartments of the pump also communicate with each other by means
of the passage D divided into two branches, and provided with a spherical valve d
(Figures 1, 5, and 6,) situated at one extremity and also with the condensor B.
When the piston is impelled from A to A¹, a vacuum being formed behind it,
water from the tank is forced therein by the atmospheric pressure, the valve & being
drawn down on its seat and the one traised. During the return of the piston from A¹
to A a vacuum is formed behind it, the valve d being raised and the t brought
down on its seat whilst the water in the smaller compartment is forced through the
holes of the plate P into the condensor B, and from thence by raising the valve b
into the larger compartment of the pump; but as there is not sufficient water to
fill the latter a partial vacuum is formed therein which causes the waste steam of
the cylinders to rush into contact with the water flowing through the plate P,
whereby its condensation is produced, and the water heated by the effect of this
condensation is injected into the larger compartment; at this state the pump is in

page_text: working order. During the motion of the piston from A to A¹, as soon as the
valve c is raised and those d and b lowered on their seats the boiling water will be
forced into the boiler through the air vessel H, whilst the vacuum formed on the
other side is filled with cold water which will be heated at the return stroke of the
piston, and so on.
The regulator R, Figures 1, 2, and 7, with its valve serves to throttle as may
be required the section of admission of the water drawn through the pipe T from
the tank, and consequently the capacity of the pump. The cock R¹, Figure 7, is
an additional mechanical agent for the same purpose.
In order to introduce the waste steam in the passage V I adapt in the waste
steam pipe a deflecting pipe E, the shape of which is calculated not only to direct
the waste steam into V but also the condensed water mixed with the steam whereby
its projection is increased at e, e.
The piston S is driven by the connecting rod M by means of an eccentric or a
set of levers, as shown in Figure 7. The rod M is provided with a spherical head,
so that it can turn or oscillate in all directions. The head N is guided by the
cylindrical prolongation of the pump barrel, and it is fastened to the piston rod by
means of a conical pin secured by a screw k, Figures 1 and 3.
The piston rod is provided with a common stuffing box, but within the packing
I place a ring pierced with a large number of small holes which communicates
with the valve box constantly charged with water, with a view should the stuffing
box not be properly packed that the vacuum formed by the pump shall always raise
water and not air.
The piston S may be constructed on the Swedish principle, or it may be composed
of two cast-iron rings g, Figure 1, so as to always produce a sufficient draft by
means of the disc 8 screwed on the piston, whilst the screw a cut in the contrary
direction prevents the said disc from getting loose.
One oil cup U, Figures 1, 5, and 7, is sufficient to lubricate the head m of the
connecting rod, the head N of the piston, the guides, and the piston rod, because the
oil which drops to the bottom of the guides and which is intercepted by the plate 2,
Figure 1, 3, and 5, flows into the groove 9 wherein the wick wrapped round the
piston rod, see Figure 1, is soaked.
The two filters F for the water and F1 for the steam prevent any impurities
entering the pump; any such matter passing accidentally the filter collects in the
cavity or chamber L, from whence it is withdrawn by unscrewing the bolt 7,
Figures 1, 2, and G.
Any system of lubrification can be applied to my pump, however, I prefer
adapting thereto the self-acting oil feeder, shown in Figures 1, 5, and 7. This
apparatus consists in a small cylindrical valve a which is impelled against its seat
when the pump is at rest by a spiral spring, and in which position it intercepts the
passage of the oil from u to u¹. But as soon as the pump is put in motion and a
vacuum formed in the pipe Q, the valve a yielding to the pressure of the atmosphere
is drawn forward and closes the orifice of the said pipe Q; in this position the
circular groove / coincides with the hole u, u, and allows the oil to pass freely
from the cup U'to the working parts above mentioned. The valve i in the nozzel I,
Figure 5, prevents the pressure from entering the pipe Q, and consequently it
remains open whilst the pump is working. I place one or more discs of cotton on
the upper part of the pipe u, for the purpose of filtering the oil and causing it to
flow regularly. A few small canals provided in the apparatus serve to collect
whatever oil runs on the other side of the valve. When the pump stops and the
pressure in the pipe Q is re-established the spiral spring above mentioned returns
the valve a to its first position, see Figure 1, and intercepts the passage of the oil.
At Figure 7 I have shown how the stoppage of the pump is rendered self-acting;
the suction pipe T instead of being connected directly with the regulator R
conducts the water into the injector J, whence it branches off in the form of a
double siphon until it unites with the regulator R by means of its descending
branch; another pipe in the shape of a simple siphon is connected with the

page_text: V
injector, and the waste steam of the cylinders is discharged from the passage
through this pipe on the liquid mass by means of the usual cane. The two pipes T
and may be connected at, the upper part of the siphons by means of a nozzle O,
provided internally with a small valve o opening from below, see Figure 8. Under
these circumstances the water in the tender of a locomotive for instance, so long as
the pump is inactive, flows up the ascending branch of the pipe T into the descend-
ing branch of the pipe v until the level of the liquid be the same in both, see
Figure 7; but directly the regulator is opened the waste steam immediately rushes
into the pipe v and closes the valve o. The vacuum then formed by the piston of
the pump draws the water from the descending branch T, and the atmospheric
pressure forces water from the tender into the body of the pump whilst the pressure
of the steam empties on the other side the longer branch of the pipe v, and mixing
with the liquid mass heats it to a certain extent. So long as there is steam in the
pipe the pump continues to act without interruption, but if the regulator is closed
the pipe will contain nothing but air and the valve o opens by its own weight,
hence the small compartment of the pump will only draw through the waste steam
pipe air, and the pump moves to and fro without producing any useful effect, but
every time the regulator is opened it commences to act again, as afore described.
My apparatus is susceptible of application to any kind of pumps, and when
properly constructed and managed will raise the temperature of the feed water very
considerably.
Having thus explained the nature of these improvements, as well as the best
means that I am acquainted with for carrying the same into practical operation,
I claim as the Invention.
First. A reciprocating pump, as above specified and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawing, for the purpose of feeding boilers with water derived conjointly
from a tank or other reservoir and from the condensation of steam, more parti-
cularly such as escapes from locomotive or other engines, whereby the said feed
water is also heated.
Second. The communication established between the two compartments of the
pump by means of the passage D, Figures 1, 5, and 6, divided into two branches
and provided with a spherical valve d, as above specified.
Third. The construction of the waste steam pipe with a deflection E, for the
purpose of directing the waste steam and the condensed water, as stated.
Fourth. The ring f fitted within the packing of the piston rod, stuffiing box
pierced with a large number of holes which communicate with the valve constantly
charged with water, for the purpose above stated.
Fifth. The arrangement and construction of parts for lubricating the head m of
the connecting rod, the head N of the piston, the guides, and the piston rod G by
means of oil derived from the cup U, as above stated.
Sixth. The construction and arrangement of the filters F and F¹ in conjunction
with the cavity L and bolt 1, for preventing impuritics contained in the water or
the steam reaching the pump and for discharging such impurities, as above stated.
Seventh. The self-acting oil feeder V, Figures 1, 5, and 7, provided with a
cylindrical valve x, which is closed by a spring whilst the pump is at rest, inter-
cepting the passage of the oil from u to u', but which when the pump is at work
is drawn forward by a. vacuum in the pipe Q, closing thereby the orifice of such
pipe and causing the groove h in the valve to correspond with the holes u and u¹,
in which position the oil flows freely from the cup U above to the working parts
below, as stated.
Eighth. The valve i in the nozzle I, Figure 5, for the purpose of preventing the
pressure from entering the pipe Q, for the purposes above stated.
Ninth. The modification above described and illustrated in Figures 7 and 8 for
the purpose of rendering the stoppage of the pump self-acting, by connecting the
suction pipe T directly with the injector J by causing it to form a double siphon
finally united to the regulator R, by the addition of a single siphon pipe v connected
both with the injector J and the waste steam pipe V, and also by connecting the

page_text: pipes T and by means of a nozzle containing a valve o opening downwards, for
the purposes above stated.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Morgan-Brown, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN. (L.S.)