Improvements in or in connection with Coal Cutting Machines.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Sept., 1896-Accepted, 31st Oct., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in or in connection with Coal Cutting Machines.
We WILLIAM EDWARD GARFORTH Mining Engineer of Altofts near Normanton
RICHARD SUTCLIFFE Mechanical and Mining Engineer of Public Hall Chambers
Barnsley and WILLIAM BUXTON Colliery Official of Altofts near Normanton all in
the County of York do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
Our invention refers to details in or in connection with the construction of coal cutting
machines, and more particularly to that type, in which the cutters are fixed in the
periphery of a disc wheel.
Our invention comprises 1. A new means or method of attaching the cutters to the
periphery of the wheel; the advantages of the arrangement being, that one form and
size of the cutter suffices whether the machine is provided with two or more rows or
lines of cutters, and that the cutters are held more securely in position, lessening
the risk of the machine breaking down, and of the cutters becoming broken or loose.
This attachment consists of a hollow casting, bereinafter called the cutter socket
piece, or more briefly the socket piece. The outer portion of the socket piece is
provided with two or more rectangular holes or sockets, the directions of the holes
being made respectively to correspond to the directions of the cutters to be placed in
them. The holes taper or diminish slightly in size either in width, or depth, or both,
from back to front, i.e. from the inside to the outside of the casting. The shanks or
roots of the cutters are correspondingly tapered. The cutters when inserted from
behind and driven up tight are thus securely wedged in position. To prevent any
possibility of the cutters slackening back, the periphery of the wheel is provided
with lugs or projections, corresponding in shape to the interior of the socket piece;
the outer ends of the lugs abutting against the back ends of the cutters, secure the
cutters in position when the socket piece is attached to the wheel, by means of bolts
or pins or wedges passing through the lug and the sides of the socket piece.
o-A-new-method-of-forming-the-eross-shank-of-double-eutters--and--fitting-them
te--the-wheel-This-consists-in-forming-the--eross--shank--of-the--double--cutters,
(which-nt-present-are-made-approximately-triangular-in-section),-square-or-approxi-
mately-square-in-section-;-und-shaping-the-bed-in-the-periphery-of-the-wheel-for-the
shank-to-correspond.-The-advantage-hereby obtained-is--that-the--section--of-the
eutters-is-strengthened-to-correspend-better-to-the-strain-put-upon-them-
3º-Owing-to-the-advantage-which-is-obtained-in-many-eases--by--having-a--very
deep-undereut,-the-eutter-wheel-to-suit-must-be-made--correspondingly--large;--and
necessitates-the-removal-of-the-wheel-from-the-machine-in--order-to-be-able-to-pass
it-through-some-of-the-narrow-ways-and-sharp-corners-to-get-to--the--working-faee.

page_text: We-avoid-this-difficulty-by-forming-the-wheel-in--two-portions;--one--intended--to
remain-permanently-attached-to-and-embracing-the-axle,-and-a-smaller-detachable
Fortion-not-embracing-the-axle,--the--latter-portion-being-connected--to--the--first
portion-by-serews,-or-wedge-bolts,-or-other-suitable-means.-The-removable-portion
may-be-formed-either-as-a-seetor--or--segment--of-the-wheel--eirele,--conveniently
eovering-about-one-third-of-the-eireumference.
4°-With-the-objeet-of-enabling-the-machine-to-be-used-either-as-an--undereut--or
an-overent-machine, and-to-be-able-to-effect-the-alteration-in-the-pit-itself,-we-form
on-each-side-frame-of-the-machine-two-lags-on-the-top-edge-and--two-lugs--on--the
bottom-edge-to-which-the-axles-or-bearings-for-the-axles-may-be-fitted. If--three
axles-are-used;-three-lugs-will-be-formed thereon:-The lugs-may-be-formed-on,-east,
bolted-or-otherwise-attached-to-the-side-frame-as--found-best-for-each-machine.-It
is-only-necessary-to-disengage-the-wheels,-(or-axles),--reverse-the-frame,-and-attach
the-wheels-(er-axles)-to-the-lugs-on-the-opposite-side,-in-order-to-convert-an-under-
ent-to-an-overent-machine;-or-vice-versa.
The-same-object-may-be-attained-by-providing-the-machine-at-the-side-with-a-box
shaped-bracket;-to-the-top-or-bottom-of-which-the-bracket-carrying the cutter wheel
bearing-is-attached.-The-pinion-driving-the-eutter-wheel-is--plaeed-at--the-middle
of-the-depth-of-the-box-bracket,-and-a-slot-hole-in-both-the-top-and-bottom-flanges
of-the-box-bracket-enable-the-eireumference-of-the-pinion-to-project--far--enough--to
gear-with-the-eutter-wheel,-whether-the--wheel-bracket--is--bolted--on--the--top--or
bottom-of-the-box-bracket.
5-Coal-entting-machines-are--usually--provided--with--reversing--gear,--so--as--ta
enable-them-to-work-travelling-either-end-first:-Such-reversing-gear-usually-con-
sists-of-an-eeeentrie-tumbler,-with-an-hole-through-the-same-for-the--erank-shaft,
and-a-recessed-portion-of-such-hole-(i-e-of-a-radius-equal-to-the-distance--from-the
eentre-of-the-erank-shaft-to-the-outer-edge-or-top-of-the-key)--for-the--eeeentrie--or
erank-shaft-key. The-eireumferential-extent-of-the-recess is-equal-to-the--distanee
between-the-radial-lines-through-the-backward-and-forward-positions-of-the--eeeen-
trie-plus-the-thickness-of-the-key. This-arrangement--has--the- disadvantage,--that
the-driving-is-unsteady, and the engine is liable to reverse--when-not--intended;
which-might-readily-lead-to-accident-or-damage.-We-therefore-place-the-eeeentrie
tumbler-on-a-portion-of--the-erank-shaft-extending-outside-one-of-the-side--frames,
and-provide-a-locking-piece-or-plug, which just-filis-the-space-in-the-aforesaid-recess
uneeenpied-by-the-key-of-the-crankshaft. Said-locking-piece-or-plug-is--formed
with-a-lips-so-that-it-ean-be-readily withdrawn,-when-it-is-desired-to-insert-it-on
direction.
the--opposite--side--of--the-key-in-order-to-ran--the--eutter--wheel--in--the--reverse
6-1-order-to-prevent-the-hauling-rope-elimbing-at-the-side-of-the-hauling
drum-we-provide;-on-the-inner-side-of-the-drum-flange-at-a-suitable-distance--from
the-surface-of-the-drum-or--barrel,-a-beading,-which-defleets-the-wire-or-rope--back;
and-gives-it-a-start-over-the-row-of-coils-just-completed.
And in order that our invention and the manner in which the same is to be per-
formed may be more readily and clearly understood, we have annexed hereto the
accompanying sheet of drawings.
Fig 1 is a horizontal section, Fig 2 an outside view, and Fig 3 an inside view
illustrating our means or method of attaching the cutters to the periphery of the
wheel. The dotted line ww represents the outer circumference of the cutter wheel,
and one of the lugs or projections cast thereon. is the socket holder for the
cutters. cc' are the socket holes for the cutters C C, forined in the holder b. The
holder illustrated is arranged for a central forward cutter C and two diverging side
cutters CC. All the three cutters are of the same size and section, the shanks being
slightly taper in one or both directions, and the socket holes c c¹ are formed taper
to correspond, so that when the cutters are pushed through from the inside and
forced well in, they are practically wedged tight. The outer edge of the projection a,
when the socket holder b is placed over it, bears against the shank ends of the
cutters. The holder 6 is secured to the lug a by means of a bolt or wedge passing

page_text: through the hole d in the lug a and in the sides of the holder b. If desired the bolt,
or wedge, (cotter) may be made taper, either for the purpose of drawing the holder b
tight against or on the lug a, or the back ends of the cutter shanks tight against
the lug a.
When it is desired that the wheel may be able to cut when running in either
direction, a double set of lugs are formed on the wheel, half of the lugs being
inclined in one direction, and the other half in the opposite direction.
Fig-4-is-a-horizontal-section-on-line-A-B-C-D-of-Fig-6,--Fig-5-a-vertical--section
on-line-X-C-Y-Z-of-Fig-6,-and-Fig 6-an-outside-view-of-an-holder-for-a--double
eutters-having--a-cross-chank-square-in--section. W-represents-a-portion-of-the
entter-wheel-b-is-the-holder,--approximately-T-shaped-in-plan,-which-is-hinged-to
the-wheel-W-by-means-of-the-pin-d--and--which-is-tilted-to-the-right-or-left-of-the
central-position;-(in-which-it-is-shewn-in-Fig-4),-aecording-to-the-direction-in-which
the-eutter-wheel-is-to-be-rotated two-sets-of-eutters-being-fitted-to-each-wheel;-or
Father-two-sets-of-eutter-holes-being-formed-in--each-holder. The--middle-entter-c
is-fitted-in-a-taper-socket-hole-in-the-manner-deseribed-with-reference-to--Fig-1;
the-double-diverging-eutter-c'-c'-with-the-eross-shank-c"-square-in-section-see-also
Fig-14,--fits-with-the-cross-shank-c"-in-a--rectangular-recess-formed--by--the-hinge
pieces-e-of-the-holder-b-and-the-inner-projecting portions-of-the-side-pieces-g-of the
same---whilst-the-straight-shanks-of-the-eutters-fit-in-the-recesses--formed-by--the
central-projecting portions-h-of the-top-and-bottom-sides-of-the-holder-and-the-top
and-bottom-projections-i-of-the--side--pieces--g-When--the-holder--is--tilted--into
recess-gl-formed-on-the-wheel-and-the-inner--side--of--the--eress--shank--c"--rests
against-the-portion-of-the-wheel-lettered---+--whist--the--onter--side--of-the--eross
shank-c-bears-against-the-end-of-the-shank-of--the--central-eutter-c,-retaining-it-in
position, one-of the-side-pieces-g-abats-or-rests-against--the--corresponding-curved
position.
Fige-7-and-8-(Sheet-2)-illustrate-in--plan--our--method--of--forming-the--entting
wheel-in-two-portions;-the-former--as--sectors;--and--the-latter--as--segments---the
larger-part-M-comprising-the-boss-or-centre-of-the-wheel,-and-the--smaller--remov-
able-part-N-being-secured-to-the-larger-by-bolts passed through-the-flanges-m-and-n.
The-junetion-of-the-rim-portions-is-preferably-made-radial.
Fig-0-is-a-perspective-view-of-the-frame-of-a-coal-entting-machine-constructed-in
Beeerdance-with-our-invention,-so-that-the-machine-may-be-employed--either-as--an
anderent-or-as-an-overent-machine-the-right-hand-side-of-the-figure-shewing-the
luge-m-for-carrying the axles-of--the--wheels--formed--in-one-piece-with-the--side
frames-n, whiist-the-left-hand--side--shews--the-lugs--m--formed--at--the--ends--of
brackets-p-bolted-to-the-side-frames-n:
Fig-10-(Sheet-2)-is-a-perspective-view-of-a-bracket-B-enelosing-the-bevel-pinion
driving-the-eutter-wheel, and for carrying--the--overhanging--eutter--wheel--bracket
from-either-the-upper-or-lower-face-of-the-bracket-B. The bracket-is provided with
openings-8;-formed-in-the-top and bottom-flanges-of-the-bracket,--to-permit--the
(driving)-bevel-pinion-to-project-sufficiently-far-to--engage--with--the--teeth--of--the
flange-of-the-bracket-B.-Corresponding-openings-are-formed-in--the--entter-wheel
brackets-for-the-same-purpose.-A-hole-t-is-provided-in-the-centre-of--the--vertical
side-or-back-of-the-bracket-B,-through-which-the-end-of-the-shaft--for-receiving-the
bevel-pinion-ean-be-passed-The-top-and-bottom-flanges-of-the-bracket-B--may-be
inclined-to-the-angle-which-the-distance-between-them-includes-at-the--intersection
eutter-wheel, whether-the-eutter-wheel-bracket-is-attached-to-the--top--or--bottom
of-the-eentre-line-of-the-eutter-wheel-and-the-pinion-axis.
Fig 11-is-an-end-view-of-the-erank-shaft-o-of-a-coal-entting-machine,-with-eeeen-
trie-having-a-tumbler-u-provided-with-a--reeess--;--eovering--the--angle--included
between-the-radial-lines-passing-through-the-forward-and-backward positions of the
eentre-of-the-eeeentrie. Fig-12-is-a-perspective-view-of-the-locking-pieee-v,-whieh
is-fitted-and-inserted-in-the-recess-w-on-the--one--side--or--the--other-of--the--erank
shatt-key-x, according-as-it-is-intended-to-revolve-the-erank-shaft--in-the-one-diree-
tion-or-the-other.-The-lip-y-of-the-locking-piece-may-be-turned-inwards-instead-of

page_text: outwards-as-shewn-in-Fig-12-and-by-means-of-a-stud-passing-through-a-hole-in-the
lip-y-and-serewed-into-a-topped-hole-in-the-eccentric-tumbler, (or-end-of-the-erank
shaft);-the-locking-piece-may-be-prevented from slackening back. The--eeeentrie
tumbler-is-fitted-on-a-part-of-the-erank-shaft-projecting-beyond-the-outside-of-the
frame-of-the-machine.
Fig-13-is-a-section-of-one-of-the-end-flanges-of-the-hauling-drum-of-a-coal-entting
machine-provided-on-the-inner-side-with-a-beading-z-for-defleeting--back--from--the
rope-to-commence-the-next-row-of-eoils-on-the-drum.
Hange-the-wire-or
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The means or method of attaching cutters to the cutter wheels of coal cutting
inachines consisting in the use of socket holders (6) having taper socket holes
uniform in size and section, the holders fitting on and secured to lugs cast on the
cutter wheel substantially as herein set forth.
2 The cutter holder (b) formed and fitted to the cutting wheel substantially as
herein set forth and illustrated in Figs 1 to 3.
3-Double-eutters-having-the-cross-shank-square--or--rectangular---in-section-and
fitted-in-hinged-entter-holders-approximately-T-shaped-and-provided--at--each--side
on-the-top-and-bottom-and-on-the-inner-side-with-rectangular-recesses-in-which-the
straight-and-eross-shanks-of-the-double-eutters-are-fitted--with-or--without--soeket
holes-for-central-eutters-all-substantially-as-herein-set-forth-
4. Double-eutters-having-the-eross-shank-square-or-rectangular-in-section.
5-The--construction-of-the-eutter-wheels-of--coal-cutting-machines-characterized
by-forming-the-wheel-in-two-portions-as-sectors-the-larger-comprising-the--boss--of
the-wheel-and-the-smaller-attached-to-the-larger;-so-as-to-be-removable-substantially
as-and-for-the-purpose-herein-set-forth.
6.-In-eoal-eutting-machines-the-use-of-side-frame-plates-having-lage--or--projee-
tions-formed-or-fitted-on-both-the-upper-and-lower-sides-of--both-ends-substantially
as-and-for-the-purpose-herein-set-forth.
The-box-shaped-bracket-B-substantially-as-herein-set-forth--and--illustrated--in
Fig-10-and-for-the-purpose-specified.
S-The-use-et-a-brading-on-the-the-inner-sides-of-the-flanges-of-the-hauling-drums
of-coal-cutting-machines-substantially-as-and-for-the-purpose-herein-set-forth.
9. In-single-eeeentric-reversing-gear-for-eoul-cutting-machines-the--device--of--a
leeking-piece-inserted-and-fitting-in-a-recess-formed-in-the--eeeentrie -tumbler--sub-
stantially-as-and-for-the-purpose-herein-set-forth.
Dated this 19th day of October 1896.
CLARK JEFFERSON,
30 l'ark Row, Leeds.
Agent for Applicants,