An Improved Mode or Method of Locking Nuts on Bolts, Studs, or Screws.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 20th Mar., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Mode or Method of Locking Nuts on Bolts, Studs, or
Screws.
1, EDMUND JAMES MILLS, D.Sc., F.R.S., 60, John Street, in the County, of
the City of Glasgow, Professor of Technical Chemistry, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved mode or method of locking nuts on bolts,
studs or screws.
When a bolt, stud or screw is fastened by its nut in any ordinary way, it is apt
to unscrew itself when vibrated, rubbed, or otherwise strained. The object of my
present invention is to entirely prevent such unscrewing or unlocking but at the
same time to enable it to be easily unlocked when desired.
In order that my invention may be properly understood and readily carried into
effect I have hereunto appended one sheet of drawings in the several figures of
which corresponding parts are marked with the same letters of reference.
Figure 1 is an elevation showing one method of carrying out my invention.
Figure 2 is a similar view of a modification.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section of the same.
Figure 4 is an elevation of a further modification.
Figure 5 is a horizontal section of Figure 4.
According to one method of carrying out my invention illustrated on Figure 1
of the accompanying drawings, I slit the shank A of the male bolt, stud, or screw B
from back to front, and attach to any convenient part of the female screw or nut C
a movable wing or fly D capable of being reverted and introduced into the slit or
slot E at whatever height it may become opposite thereto. The wing D may be
so attached so as to revert either above or below. When it is introduced into the
slit or slot E the bolt, stud or screw B cannot turn round, and is locked.
According to a second method as illustrated in Figure 2 of the accompanying
drawings, I make four slits E, E', E², E³, not penetrating quite to the centre of
the shank A, but leaving a core F there. I attach a wing D as before to the
nut C, and cause it to engage, if desired, in either of the four slits or slots E, E', E³, E³,
as may be found convenient, without passing through to the other side. It will
therefore be obvious that several slits or slots may be made in a single shank.
According to a third method, as illustrated in Figure 4 of the accompanying
drawings, I attach the wing D to one side of an extra nut C split nearly in the
plane of the wing D and capable of being clamped by the clamping screw G.
ordinary nut H having been quite screwed home, the extra nut C (which before
clamping is preferably very loose) is run up to it, the wing D reverted into a slit or
slot E as before, and the clamp G of the extra nut screwed fairly tight. In this
way a bolt, stud or screw can in general be fixed unalterably at some convenient
fraction of its revolution. The winged nut is not necessarily entire, but may consist
of two or more sections.
An
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In locking nuts on bolts, studs, or screws, the contrivance of a slit or slot in

page_text: the shank of the bolt, stud, or screw and so arranged that it can receive the reverted
wing of a winged nut of the same pitch, substantially as and for the purposes
shereinbefore described and illustrated on the accompanying sheet of drawings.
2. In locking nuts on bolts, studs, or screws, the contrivance of a bolt, stud, or
screw, having two or more slits or slots so arranged that one of these can receive
at a small fraction of a revolution the wing of a winged nut, substantially as and
for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated on the accompanying sheet
of drawings.
3. In locking nuts on bolts, studs, or screws, the contrivance of a slotted bolt,
stud, or screw, on which an ordinary nut is run home, and then followed by a split
clamping nut provided with a wing which, when the nut is locked rests in the
slot, substantially as and for the purposes herein before described and illustrated
on the accompanying sheet of drawings.
4. In locking nuts on bolts, studs, or screws the contrivance of a wing to engage
in a slotted bolt, stud, or screw and to prevent the motion thereof, substantially as
.described and illustrated on the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Dated this 12th day of February 1897.
BOTTOMLEY & LIDDLE,
154, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Patent Agents.