IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PLANING FOR PLANING, AND MOULDING, OR OTHERWISE SHAPING Wood
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Robinson, of Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, and John Smith, of the same Place, Engineer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PLANING,
Sealed the 4th July 1865, and dated the 17th January 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Robinson and John
Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 17th January 1865.
We, JOHN ROBINSON, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
and JOHN SMITH, of the same Place, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
PLANING, AND MOULDING, OR OTHERWISE SHAPING Wood," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates, firstly, to an improvement upon that machinery for
which Letters Patent were granted to John Robinson, party hereto, bearing.
date 29th April 1852, No. 14,101. In the Specification of that Patent it
was proposed to render the spindle which carries the cutters. adjustable as.
regards the horizontal line. Our Invention consists in a method of effecting:
this adjustment; to which end we mount the spindle in a bracket capable of.
being turned upon a centre, and of being fixed in any desired position by a
set screw passing through a slot, or by other such apparatus. The above-
mentioned bracket is also capable of being moved upward, or downward, which

page_text: motions we provide for by connecting it to a part sliding in guides and adjusted
by a screw or similar contrivance.
Another part of our Invention relates to feed rollers of wood-shaping
machines, and consists in a method of mounting them, whereby they may be
raised or lowered for different thicknesses of material and driven by a stationary
toothed wheel. For this purpose we mount the said rollers in bearings, carried
by brackets, which swing upon the axis of the driving wheel, the said swinging
of these rollers therefore enables them to be raised or lowered according to
the thickness of material which they are to operate upon, but as their adjust-
ment is necessarily around the driving shaft, the pinions of the said rollers and
their driving wheel will always remain in gear. In order to prevent the
rollers from moving laterally we fix ordinary collars to the driving shaft, which
collars prevent the brackets from sliding thereon although they permit a
swinging motion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Robinson and John Smith in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 15th July 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
ROBINSON, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and JOHN
SMITH, of the same Place, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters-
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said John Robinson and John Smith, Her special license that we, the said
John Robinson and John Smith, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said John Robinson and John Smith, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the term therein.
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within.
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR PLANING, AND MOULDING, OR OTHERWISE SHAPING WOOD," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said John Robinson and John Smith, by an
instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal
of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said

page_text: Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW. KNOW YE, that I, the said John Robinson, do hereby declare tho
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
Our Invention relates, firstly, to an improvement upon machinery for
which Letters Patent were granted to John Robinson, party hereto, bearing
date Twenty-ninth April One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, No. 14;101.
In the Specification of that Patent it was proposed to render the spindle
which carries the cutters adjustable as regards the horizontal line. Our
Invention consists, firstly, in a method of effecting this adjustment.
Another part of our Invention relates to feed rollers of wood-shaping
machines, and consists in a method of mounting them, whereby they may be
raised or lowered for different thicknesses of material and driven by a stationary
toothed wheel.
In the accompanying Drawing these two improvements are shewn combined
in the side elevation of a wood-cutting machine at Fig. 1, in a plan view of
the same at Fig. 2, and the first portion of our Invention at Fig. 3, which is a
detached view of the spindle and cutters, together with the parts which carry
them.
.
The driving shaft of the machine is shewn at a communicating rotatory
motion by means of a strap to a pulley 6 mounted upon the cutter spindle c.
This spindle runs upon centres which are carried by a bracket d capable of
turning upon a centre at e, and the cutter spindle with its cutters f may
therefore be brought to any angle with the horizontal line. The centre pin e
is carried by a sliding piece 9 which is provided with a binding screw 9*
passing through a slot formed in the bracket d, and to whatever angle the said
bracket, and consequently the spindle c, may be brought they may be confined
in that position by. tightening the screw 9*. The sliding piece d is provided
with a Vh situate in a similarly formed guide piece i, and at k is a screw,
by turning which the sliding piece 9, and consequently the spindle c, may be
raised or lowered at pleasure. The cutters f may therefore be adjusted to any
angle at which it is desired to cut the moulding or other article, as at l, and
they may also be lowered or raised for any thickness of wood and for regu-
lating the cut. At m is a handle for facilitating the turning upon the centre e.
The guide piece i is mounted upon the table n at an inclination, as shewn at
Fig. 1, when therefore the pulley 6 is moved upwards or downwards it passes

page_text: in a direction which approximates to concentricity with the driving shaft.a,
and the strap o therefore is kept at a more uniform tension than would exist
if the said guide piece i were vertical. This inclination, however, would cause:
the cutter spindle c to deviate from its rectangular position across the material
to be cut, and such deviation would vary with each angle at which the spindle
was placed. In order to obviate this we mount the guide piece i so as to be
capable of turning upon a centre at *, and provide it with a slot l, within
which is a screw m projecting into or passing through the table n. When
the cutter spindle has been adjusted to the required angle the guide piece i,
and consequently the cutting tools, are turned upon the centre k* until the
latter are brought so as to cut at a right angle across the wood, and the
screw m being tightened retains the whole in a proper position.
Our next improvement is shewn in Figs. 1 and 2. 'The top and bottom
feed rollers are shewn at p, q, the former being mounted in brackets. r, s,
which are capable of turning upon a shaft 1 so as to 'rise or fall according to
the thickness of the wood to be fed. Motion is communicated from the.
driving shaft by means of strap u and bevil pinions v to a shaft w; and from
thence by means of a strap a to' a shaft y, upon which is a worm > taking
into a worm wheel 2. The shaft of this worm wheel carries.a. pinion 3 which
drives the lower feed rollers q, and also a carrier 4 running loosely. upon the
stationary shaft 1, and gearing into pinions 5 upon the axis of the upper feed
rollers. As the said rollers therefore rise or fall they turn upon the fixed
shaft 1, and their pinions 5 are always in gear with the carrier 4, and this is
the usual arrangement. According, however, to the ordinary method of con-
structing machines of this class the shafts 6 of the upper feed rollers are
continued to side standards of the machine, at which situations they pass into
curved slots which guide them in their turning and also prevent them from
moving transversely. According to our Invention we dispense with the said
slots, discontinue the roller shafts 6, and apply collars 7 thereto, which, by
bearing against the brackets r, s, prevent a transverse motion of the rollers p.
The rollers p are weighted at 8, as in ordinary machines of this class.
The Drawings shew the application of side and other cutters, together with
other usual appliances, which constitute no part of our Invention, and to
which, therefore, it will not be necessary to refer.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention,
and the manner of carrying the same into effect, we desire it to be understood
that although we have shewn the two parts of our Invention combined in one
machine, they may be used separately if desired. That which we claim as
secured to us under the above in part recited Letters Patent is,-

page_text: Firstly, the arrangement for rendering the cutter spindle capable of being
moved to and retained at any desired angle.
Secondly, dispensing with the usual curved guides for the feed rollers, and
preventing a transverse motion thereof by collars fixed to their axis.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Robinson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
JOHN ROBINSON. (L.S.)