Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of Vehicles.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1899-Accepted, 16th Sept., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of
Vehicles.
1
I, ARTHUR HUDSON MARKS, of Akron, in the County of Summit, State of
Ohio, United States of America, Superintendent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
My invention relates to certain improvements whereby the trouble and incon-
venience resulting from the puncturing of a pneumatic tyre while on the road
may be quickly overcome without removing the tyre from the wheel or patching
or plugging the perforation. My improvement relates more particularly to that
class of pneumatic tyres known as single tube tyres, which when punctured are
difficult to repair, especially by novices. Numerous expedients, such as patching
strips, emergency air tubes, internal diaphragms and the like have been suggested
for repairing tyres of this class, but so far as I am aware, no means for repair
of tyres of this class has yet been provided, which is not open to one or more
serious objections, either as to its utility, convenience of manipulation or cost of
construction. My invention provides a tyre having a service air chamber and an
emergency chamber, each provided with an inflating tube and air valve, all
arranged and combined in such a simple manner that the tyre is economical in
construction, readily manipulated for repair and as serviceable when repaired
as it was prior to the puncture. In carrying out my invention I combine with
the inner layer of the tube, a strip of rubber approximately half the width of the
inner layer and secured thereto in such a mauner that one wall of the inner layer
of the tube constitutes a flexible diaphragm, which, together with the strip
applied thereto, forms the service air chamber, while the inner layer constitutes
the emergency chamber, each of said chambers being provided with suitable
means for its inflation; and when the strip which thus constitutes the normal
tread of the tyre is punctured, the other chamber is inflated, thus distending the
diaphragm and restoring the tyre to its normal inflated section.
My invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:
· Figures 1 and 2 are sectional elevations of separate sections or parts of a
tyre.
Figures 3 and 4 are transverse sections of the tyre at the point where the
emergency chamber valve is applied thereto, showing the diaphragm in two
positions, and the valve tube in broken elevation.
Figure 5 is a similar transverse section showing the service chamber valve
tube.
Figures C to 9 inclusive show various stages of the manufacture of the
tyre.
Referring to the drawings, 10 indicates the inner ply or layer, composed of such
percentage of rubber as to make it capable of holding air under pressure.
11 represents a layer of fabric, and 12, the outer layer of rubber. In constructing
the tyre I first take a strip of material, which is to constitute the inner layer 10,
of the tube, and either before or after it is brought to the tubular condition,
[Price ST

page_text: apply to one surface thereof, which is afterwards to constitute the rim side of the
tyre, a patch of canvas, 13, as shown in Figure 7, cementing the same at its
edges securely to said surface. I then apply a strip of rubber, 14, of approxi-
mately half the width of the strip from which the tubular layer, 10, is formed,
to the surface of said strip or tube opposite that on which the patch, 13, is
applied, cementing the longitudinal edges of the strip, 14, to the surface of the
strip or tube, 10, as clearly shown in Figures 7 and 8. This cementing or
securing is omitted over that part of the surface covered by the patch, 13, and in
order to provide an air inlet space at this point, I then employ a saddle piece, 15,
of rubber, said saddle piece being cemented at its ends as indicated by the dotted
lines 15 to the surface of the air tube ply, 10, and its edges to the longitudinal
edges of the strip, 14. The air tube for the service chamber inflating valve, 16",
is applied to the saddle piece-and communicates with the space beneath the same
and thereby with the service chamber, 16. At a separate point in the tyre is
provided a second air tube, 17, which communicates with the emergency
chamber, 18. Now, assuming that the service air chamber 16 is inflated, as
shown in Figure 3, and that a puncture occurs, all that is necessary to render the
tyre serviceable for further immediate use, is the inflation of the emergency
chamber, 18, through the tube, 17, whereupon the diaphragm, 10ª, will be forced
into contact with the surface of the strip, 14, thus restoring the original contour
of the tyre.
In the foregoing I have omitted the particular description of the method of
procedure subsequent to the uniting of the strip, 14, to the layer, 10. It will be
understood, of course, that after these parts are thus united, the fabric layer, 11,
and the rubber layer, 12, will be applied, and the tyre will then be vulcanized, thus
uniting the several layers, except at the point beneath the saddle piece. In this
process, the parts 10 and 14 would only be united at the point where they were
previously cemented.
An important utility in this tyre is the simplicity and consequent economy of
manufacture. It can be very rapidly and cheaply made and requires no difficult
operation, and but little additional material to supply the emergency chamber.
It also enables the valve tubes to be applied in a very simple and yet efficient
manner, and renders the inflation of the emergency chamber as easy and as
certain as that of the service chamber. In this construction also, the diaphragm
is held, until needed, against the rim side of the tyre, while the strip, 14, con-
stitutes the tread portion. I have not attempted, to illustrate or describe any
modifications of my invention, but it is obvious that numerous variations may be
made in the structural details illustrated and described.
I have described and shown the saddle piece connected at its ends to the exposed
surface of the inner layer, 10, and at its side margins to the edges of the strip, 14,
thus bridging the space or point where the strip is separated from the tubular
layer and constituting with the upper surface of the latter an air passage, the
branches of which extend laterally down the sides of the tube and into the space
between the latter and the strip or annulus. I prefer this construction, but it is
obvious that the bridge piece might be secured to one edge only of the strip, its
other edge, as well as one edge of the strip being secured to the surface of the
tubular layer. It is also obvious that the end of the air tube might be extended
over the surface of the inner tubular layer and thus provide a duct leading to the
service chamber, or such duct or passage might be formed in other ways. The
method of manufacture herein described, as well as the article itself are considered
to be novel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1
1. A pneumatic tyre having an interior tubular layer of material capable of
holling air undan
APASSTRA
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combination with
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page_text: applied to the outer surface of said tubular layer and united at its longitudinal
edges to the sides thereof, an inflation tube communicating with the interior of
sail tubular layer, and a second inflation tube communicating with the space
between said applied strip and the wall of said tubular layer, the latter constitut-
ing, when the several parts are united by vulcanization, a diaphragm dividing
the air space of said tyre into two chambers, each provided with an independent
means of inflation, substantially as described.
2. A pneumatic tyre having an interior tubular layer of material capable of
holding air under pressure, in combination with a strip of similar material
applied to the outer surface of said tubular layer and having its longitudinal
edges secured thereto except at one point, a bridge piece secured at said point to
the surface of the tubular layer and also to the strip, an inflation tube communicat-
ing with the space thus provided between the bridge piece and the tubular layer,
and a second inflation tube communicating with the interior of said tubular layer,
substantially as described.
3. A pneumatic tyre having an interior tubular layer of material capable of
holding air under pressure, in combination with a strip of similar material
applied to the outer surface of said tubular layer and having its longitudinal
edges secured thereto, except at one point, a bridge or saddle piece at said point
having its transverse margins secured to the tubular layer, and its longitudinal
margins secured to the free edges of the strip, an inflation tube communicating
with the space thus provided between the bridge piece and the tubular layer, and
a second inflation tube communicating with the interior of said tubular layer,
substantially as described.
4. The herein described improvement in the art of making pneumatic tyres and
providing them with a service air chamber and an emergency air chamber, which
consists in forming a layer of material into a tube and applying thereto a strip
of material by cementing or otherwise securing its longitudinal edges to said
tubular member, except at one point at each margin, then securing a bridge or
saddle piece at its ends to the surface of said tube and at its margins to the edges
of said strip, applying suitable inflation tubes to the saddle and to the tubular
body, and uniting the secured edges by vulcanization, substantially as described.
5. The herein described improvement in the art of making pneumatic tyres,
which consists in forming a tube of rubber, applying thereto a strip of rubber by
securing the longitudinal edges of said strip to the sides of the tube, except at
two opposite points, uniting the tube and strip at these points by means of a
saddle piece or bridge of vulcanizable material having its transverse margins
secured to the tube and its longitudinal margins secured to the strip, connecting
an inflation tube to said saddle piece and a second inflation tube to said tube
of rubber, and subsequently uniting the several pieces by vulcanization or other
wise, substantially as described.
6. The hereinbefore described improvement in the art of making pneumatic
tyres, which consists in forming a tube of rubber, applying thereto a strip of
rubber by securing the longitudinal edges of said strip to the sides of the tube,
except at two opposite points, and uniting the tube and strip at these points by
means of a saddle piece or bridge of vulcanizable material having its fransverse
margins secured to the tube and its longitudinal margins secured to the strip,
connecting an inflation tube to said saddle piece, providing an external tubular
covering of fabric and rubber and an inflation tube communicating with the first
mentioned rubber tube and uniting the several parts, except at the body of the
saddle piece, by vulcanization, substantially as described.
Dated this 18th day of July 1899.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.