Improvements in Pencils.
Year: 1896

page_text: Improvements in Pencils.
1,HUGO BREMER, Manufacturer, of The Neheimer Metallwaaren-und Workzeug-
fabrik, of Neheim on the Ruhr, in the German Empire, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to pencils in which the graphite or other core is enveloped
with strips or thin sheets of paper or similar material coiled around the core,
instead of having a wooden envelope.
Said paper strips are usually provided with a series of oircular holes into which
the finger tips or a pen-knife can be introduced for detaching and unwinding the
paper strip.
To facilitate the removal of the paper, I may form an incision parallel to the
axis of the pencil and along the row of holes, so as to connect the said holes with
each other.
Instead of making the holes circular, as usual, I prefer to make them crescent-
shaped, or in the shape of an angle iron, in order to form projecting tongues which
facilitate the introduction of the finger nail or a pen-knife for the removal of the
paper.
Or I form of series of semicircular, triangular or oblong holes, one edge of
which formis an acute augle with the axis of the pencil, as well as will the circular
indeutations, which divide the strips into sections.
In combination with the improvements described above, or instead of the same,
I may form short oblique slots or incisions contending from or across the circum-
ferential indentations which divide the paper strips into narrow sections, and are
placed at an acute angle to the said lines or indentations.
Dated this 28th dex of August. 1896.
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
Agents for the Applicant.
1,HUGO BREMER, Manufacturer, of The Neheimer Metallwaaren-und Werkzeug-
fabrik, of Neheim on the Ruhr, in the German Empire, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement. :-
This invention relates to that kind of pencils in which the graphite or other
core is enveloped with a sheet or sheets of paper or other pliable material wound
spirally round the said core.
The said sheets are provided with transverse indentations or rows of holes which
divide each sheet into narrow strips adapted to be torn off one by one, in proportion
as the core is used up, and the removal of the said strips is facilitated by providing

page_text: tearing off a strip.
My improvements have for their object, to further facilitate the removal of
the said strips.
In the accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is a side view of a pencil embodying my invention;
Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 represent several modifications.
A is the paper envelope,
B is the core,
a are indentations or rows of fine perforations diagonal to the axis of the pencil,
eo as to divide the sheet of paper into narrow helical strips or sections which can
be torn off one after the other in order to expose the core.
C in Fig. are the usual circular holes for inserting the finger nail or a
penknife.
The circular shape, however, is not advantageous for this purpose, because it
presents a coucare edge all round; I therefore form openings which present a
convex or a straight edge in the direction in which the paper strip is to be torn off.
In Fig. 1 these openings are rectilinear cute D connecting the circular holes C
with each other, and placed parallel with the axis of the pencil.
In Fig. 2 crescent-shaped openings E or angular openings For G are made,
instead of the circular openings C, so that each opening forms a projecting
tongue e, f, or g, at the place where the penknife or nail has to be inserted
for tearing off one of the sections of paper situated between consecutive
indentations a, a.
In Fig. 3 the openings have the shape of a semi-circle, or of a triangle, or of
an oblique slot, arranged in such a mauner that each opening has, on the side
towards which the strips are to be rolled off, a straight edge h, i, k, m, which forms
with one of the circumferential indentations a, a, an acute angled tongue, which
facilitates the strip or section to be seized and rolled off.
In Fig. 4 short cuts are made in the enveloping paper strips, either across the
circumferential indentations a, a, as at o, o, or commencing at one of the indentations
and extending obliquely through a portion of the width of the strip, as at n and p.
These cuts may be used alone or in combination with the ordinary round openings,
or in combination with any of the improvements represented by Figs. 1 to 3.
Fig. 5 represents this niodification, the section showing the combination of an
inclined slot with a round hole, and the section c the combination of an inclined
upper slot similar to k and m of Fig. 3 with an inclined lower slot.
The slots or openings of each section are placed along an oblique line, which
constitutes the line of separation along which the strip is to be torn off.
In tearing off one of the strips c, Fig. 5, the paper will tear from the base of the
upper slot to the top or middle of the lower slot, as indicated by an arrow; and
at the paper will tear from the base of the oblique slot to the round hole and then
follow the circumferential indentation.
An oblique line of separation may, however, be formed by three or more holes,
as in the sections a and d of Fig. 5, where each of the sections a has three round
holes, while each section d has two inclined slots and a triangular opening. In
tearing off one of the strips a, the paper will tear from the first hole to the second
and then from the secoud to the third hole, as indicated by arrows; and in this
manner the line of separation will extend from one circumferential line of indentation
to the next.
The upper and lower openings of each section may extend across the
circumferential line of indentation, as shown at e in Fig. 5 without altoring the
effect or principle of my invention, and it will be understood, that although

page_text: the Figures 2 to 5 show various modifications on the same pencil, in reality the
whole length of the pencil is divided into equal sections or strips.
In all cases a tongue is formed which facilitates the insertion of a finger nail and
serves as a point of application for tearing off the strip; but as in Fig. 1 the row
of holes together with the intermediate cuts forms a continuous line separating the
gummed edge from the body of the paper, I prefer the types represented by
Figs. 2 to 5.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In pencils formed by spirally enveloping a core with a sheet of paper or
similar flexible material, which is divided into narrow sections by circumferential
lines of indentation or perforation, a section or strip in which a tongue is formed by
a cut or opening or an oblique lino of cuts or perforations, so as to facilitate the
insertion of a finger nail and serve as a point of application for tearing off the strip,
substantially as described.
2. In pencils formed by spirally enveloping a core with a sheet of paper or
similar flexible material, which is divided into uarrow sections or strips by
circumferential lines of indentations or perforations, a section having, instead of
the circular hole hitherto used, an opening of triangular, crescent, or similar shape,
one side or edge of which forms a projecting tongue adapted to facilitate the
insertion of a finger nail and to indicate the direction in which the strip has to be
torn off, substantially as described with reference to Fig. 2.
3. In pencils of the kind specified above, a sectional strip having, instead of the
circular hole hitherto used, an opening or slot, one side of which is a straight line
forming with oue of the circumferential indentations or division lines an acute
angled tongue, to facilitate the insertion of a finger nail and to indicate the direction
in which the sectional strip is to be wound off, substantially as described with
reference to Fig. 3.
4. In pencils of the kind specified above, a sectional strip having, instead of the
ordinary circular hole, two or more oblique cuts or openings extending from or
across the circumferential division lines between adjoining sections, or a series of
small openings extending obliquely across the width of the said strip, so as to form
a starting line for the removal of the strip, substantially as described with
reference to Figs. 4 and 5.
Dated this 0th day of March 1807
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
37 and 39, Essex Street, Straud, London, Agents.