Improvements in Ventilators.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 22nd Dec., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators.
I ROBERT LOFTHOUSE of Victoria Works, Farnworth near Bolton in the
County of Lancaster, Ventilating Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object to provide a simple and efficient apparatus or
device for ventilating buildings, ships cabins and the like and also for preventing
down draughts and increasing up draughts in chimneys. A ventilator constructed
according to my invention consists of a chamber communicating by tubes or passages
with a chimney shaft or with the place or apartment to be ventilated the said
chamber being formed by two hollow cones or their equivalents connected together
at their bases, one of the said cones or the like being truncated so as to provide an
opening in the said chamber for the escape of smoke or vitiated air. Connected to
the truncated cone are tubes or passages communicating either directly with the
chimney shaft or the place to be ventilated, or with a chamber interposed between
the said conical or like chamber and the chimney shaft or the place to be ventilated
the face of this interposed chamber, which faces the opening in the conical or like
chamber being preferably flat and of the same size and shape as the bases of the
cones or the like. Currents of air passing between the conical or like chamber and
the flat surface arranged opposite the opening therein produce a partial vacuum in
the interior of the said conical or like chamber whereby smoke or vitiated air is
drawn from the chimney or apartment with which the apparatus is connected, the
said smoke or air passing through the connecting tubes or passages, into the conical
or like chamber and out therefrom through the outlet therein.
In order that my invention may be well understood I will further describe the
same with reference to the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 of which represents in sectional clevation a ventilator constructed
according to my invention as applied to the roof of a building and Figure 2 is a
horizontal section of the same the section being taken along the line 1-2
Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of a slightly modified form of the ventilator
suitable for fixing to a chimney or ventilating shaft and Figure 4 is a horizontal
section of the same taken along the line 3-4 Figure 3.
Figures 5 and 6 are elevations at right angles to each other of another modifi-
cation suitable for application to chimneys or ventilating shafts for preventing
downdraughts and increasing updraughts therein.
A A² are two hollow cones connected together at their bases so as to form a
double conical chamber the lower cone A² being truncated so as to provide an
outlet a from the interior of the chamber. Communicating with the interior of this
double conical chamber are tubes or passages B the lower ends of which are
connected to and open beneath a plate or cap C. Figures 1 and 2 fixed to a
framing D surrounding an opening E in the roof of the building to be ventilated.
Vitiated air passes from the interior of the building through the opening E and
through the tubes or passages B into the double conical chamber A A² and thence
through the outlet a into the atmosphere. Currents of air and rain are prevented
by the conical form of the chamber A A' from entering the interior thereof whilst
the currents of air passing over the outlet a cause a partial vacuum to be formed
in the said chamber whereby the vitiated air is more effectually discharged from
the building through the ventilator

page_text: Any desired number of tubes or passages B may be provided according to the
size of the ventilator and instead of a cap C as shewn in Figures 1 and 2 a chamber
as shewn in Figures 3 and 4 may be provided the said chamber C, being preferably
of conical or like tapered form as shewn, the apex of the cone terminating in a
tube G communicating with the chimney shaft or place to be ventilated. Currents
of air passing between the upper face of this chamber and the opening a in the
double conical or like chamber A A, cause a partial vacuum to be formed in
the latter chamber as before described whereby smoke or vitiated air is drawn, in the
direction of the arrows, through the tube G into the chamber C, and thence through
the tubes B into the double conical chamber A A and out therefrom by the
opening a into the atmosphere whilst the double tapered or conical form of the
chamber A A prevents currents of air from entering the chamber and conse-
quently downdraughts are prevented. In the modification shewn in Figures 5 and 6
the chamber C, is dispensed with and the tubes B are connected directly with the
tube G which tube may be made of suitable diameter to fix onto an ordinary
chimney pot or it may be built in the chimney stack or be otherwise connected to
the place to be ventilated and in any suitable position.
I do not limit myself to the details of construction hereinbefore described and
illustrated by the drawings as variations may be made therein without departing
from the nature of my invention for example instead of the chamber A A' being
conical it may be pyramidal or of other polygonal form and the connecting tubes B
may be tapered and of any sectional form desired, but
Having particularly described the nature of my said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed what I claim is :-
1. In a ventilator a double hollow conical or equivalently shaped chamber com-
municating by tubes or passages with a chimney, or ventilating shaft or place to
be ventilated and provided with a discharge opening for smoke or vitiated air
substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The combination of parts constituting the improved ventilator substantially
as herein before described and illustrated by Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying
drawings.
3. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the improved venti-
lator substantially as herein before described and illustrated by Figures 3 and 4 of
the accompanying drawings.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the improved ventilator
substantially as herein before described and illustrated by Figures 5 and 6 of the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 19th day of November 1894.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
Agents.