Improvements in Syringes.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Apr., 1889-Accepted, 13th July, 1889
Improvements in Syringes.
We, HERMANN HAUSSMANN, SOLA B. DUNN and JAMES C. MCCOMB, all of 122
Randolph Street Chicago in the County of Cook, and State of Illinois, United States
of America, Gentlemen do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to hypodermic syringes.
In the said syringes as heretofore constructed the fluid containing tube is composed
of glass or other frangible material, in connection with which a reciprocating piston is
employed for filling the tube and discharging the fluid therefrom.
It is well known that syringes so constructed are easily injured by accidental
contact with harder materials or on dropping to the floor or ground, and frequently
by the changes in temperature. But another and more important objection to these
syringes is the drying and consequent shrinking of the pistons from non-usage, which
frequently necessitates the re-wrapping thereof before it will operate, thus occasioning
annoyance and delay which is sometimes dangerous, for instruments of this
character are frequently employed, in emergencies where a moments delay would be
fatal.
The prime object of this invention is to have a compressible elastic tube for con-
taining the injecting fluid which may be discharged therefrom by compression, and
the tube refilled by the expansion thereof only, whereby all danger of the fracture of
the tube is avoided, and the necessity for the employment of a piston dispensed
with, and to provide suitable mechanisni for compressing said tube.
Another object is to combine with such a tube a pressure roller for compressing the
same which shall be operated in substantially the same manner as the ordinary
piston, that is by means of a piston rod, which may be, if desired, gauged so as to
indicate the quantity of liquids injected.
Another object is to have the compressing roller mounted in a suitable carriage
having a sliding connection with the frame of the syringe, whereby the piston rod
will be relieved of objectionable twisting and friction in its bearing, and a uniform
pressure exerted on the tube throughout the length thereof, whereby a vacuum is at
all times produced behind the compression roller, and the tube rendered easier to fill
and capable of operating to its full capacity.
We attain these objects by the devices illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in
which
Figure 1 represents an enlarged plan view of a syringe embodying our invention.
Figure 2, a side elevation thereof.
Figure 3 a transverse vertical section on the line 3, 3 of Figure 2, and,
Figure 4 a central longitudinal section.
Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the
drawing.
Referring by letter to the accompanying drawing A indicates a metallic frame piece
or base plate, the ends B B¹ of which are upturned at a right angle and between
which extends a compressible tube C, rigidly secured to the frame plate at the rear
thereof by means of a clamping plate D between which and the frame plate, the end
of the tube is compressed and firinly clamped, and the said plate rigidly secured in
position by a screw E working loosely through the base plate and tube, and engaging
the clamping plate about the centre thereof, it being immaterial, however, whether
one or more. screws are employed.
Such a connection also serves to seal the rear end of the tube against the possible -
ason no therethrough of the fluid contained in the tube.

page_text: The forward end of the tube is secured in any convenient and well known manner
to a nipple F the screw threaded neck of which works through the forward upturned
end B of the frame plate, and projects a sufficient distance beyond said plate to have
screwed thereon the usual hollow needle G for insertion in the flesh.
This nipple is also provided with a central bore H, which serves as a commu-
nicating passage between the tube and needle, the forward end of the tube being
sleeved upon the nipple so as to be at all times expanded to permit the free escape of
the liquid contained therein.
Through the rear upturned end B', of the frame plate, and above the clamping
plate which secures the rear end of the tube to the frame plate, loosely works a
piston rod I, graduated if desired, the forward end of which connects with a
carriage J, consisting of angular metallic frame encompassing the tube and frame
plate, the ends K, of which are turned under, as more clearly shown in Figure 3, so
as to slide on the upper side of the frame plate, and thus guide the carriage in its
reciprocations.
In this carriage is mounted a roller L, journalled at such a height above the base
or frame plate that the contacting surface thereof will be removed from the surface
of the fraine plate a little less than the thickness of the two walls of the tube when
brought together thereby, so as to tightly compress the tube between the said roller
and the base plate, the ends K, of the carriage also serving to maintain the roller in
this position at all times.
Thus it will be seen that as tho carriage moves forward; the roller will travel along
upon the tube, compressing the same as it moves forward, and expelling the fluid from
the instrument during every part of its movement, the compressing force exerted upon
the tube, being sufficient to prevent the possibility of air being drawn into the tube,
in which there is always a vacuum behind the roller, and as the roller is drawn back
to its former position at the rear end of the tube, the elasticity of the tube will cause
it to draw a new supply of liquid, which may be discharged as before, and in
substantially the same manner as if a piston were used in connection therewith.
The connection between the carriage and the piston rod, as well as between the
needle and the nipple, is screw threaded, in order that the nipple and the rod may be
removed for greater convenience in transportation.
To the rear angled portion B¹ of the frame, is also attached the finger pieces N, for
convenience of manipulation, as is usual in such devices, the instrument in operation,
being held so that the fingers engage said pieces, while the head of the piston rod
bears against the palm of the hand.
In practice we propose to have the tube composed of rubber and covered with an
envelope or wrapping of linen, silk, or other fabric, which will prevent both a stretching
or elongation of the tube and the expansion or bulging thereof, beyond its normal
size, when compressing the fluid contained therein; but our invention is not limited
to this particular construction of tubing, for any other material possessing sufficient
elasticity and flexibility to expand to its normal size after being compressed, may be
employed instead and the same end be attained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what mannor the saine is to be performed we wish it understood that we
claim -
:―
First. In a syringe, an elastic compressible tube for containing the injecting fluid,
in combination with mechanism for compressing said tube, substantially as described.
Second. In a syringe, a compressible tube for containing the fluid, in combination
with a reciprocating roller for compressing said tube, substantially as described.
Third. In a syringe, a compressible tube for containing the Huid, in combination
with a reciprocating carriage, a roller mounted thereon and compressing said tube, and
a piston rod for reciprocating said carriage, substantially as described.
Fourth. In a syringe, the frame plate provided with the upturned ends, a com-
pressible tube rigidly secured at one end to said plate, a nipple working through one
end of said frame upon which the opposite end of said tube is sleeved, the angular

page_text: carriage, a sliding connection between said carriage and frame, a roller located in said
carriage for compressing said tube, and a piston rod working loosely through the
other upturned end of said frame, and secured to said carriage, substantially as
described.
Fifth. In a syringe, a compressible tube for containing the liquid, composed of
elastic material, and having a wrapping or covering of textile fabric, in combination
with a reciprocating roller for compressing said tube, substantially as described.
Dated this 23rd day of April 1889.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicants.