IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING, DYEING, PRINTING, AND SIZING COTTON AND OTHER YARNS OR THREADS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT. to James Barlow, of the Firm of Messieurs Barlow
and Jones, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, for the
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING, DYEING, PRINTING, AND SIZING
COTTON AND OTHER YARNS OR THREADS."
Sealed the 10th August 1866, and dated the 14th February 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Barlow at the
Office of the Commissioners.of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
February 1866.
1, JAMES BARLOW, of the Firm of Messrs. Barlow and Jones, of Bolton,
in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING, DYEING, PRINTING,
AND SIZING COTTON AND OTHER YARNS OR THREADS," to be as follows:-
According to my Invention the several processes of bleaching, dyeing,
printing, and sizing yarn and thread, which have hitherto been performed
separately, distinct, and apart from each other, are combined into one con-
tinuous operation and performed by one machine, in which the parts necessary
for the several processes are suitably connected and combined. The yarn
or thread under operation is first passed from the creel of bobbins or beam
through a comb or reed of the ordinary construction, and then through a

page_text: trough containing water for the purpose of removing any loose impurities, or
instead of water through a solution of chlorine or other bleaching liquid, on
leaving which the yarn passes through a second trough containing a mordant,
after which it is washed by being drawn through water, and immediately
after dried or partially dried by being passed through steam in a suitable chest,
or over a chest or cylinder heated by steam. The yarn is now passed through
a vat containing the dye, and after this, if required, through steam or through
a suitable fluid for the purpose of raising or fixing the color; after this it is
passed through size, then over the drying cylinders, and finally to the beaming,
dressing, reeling, or balling machine.
The operation of printing may also be carried out by introducing the
necessary printing rollers and passing the yarn over them either before the
process of dyeing or after it, or instead of it, as the case may require.
It is evident that the above described mode of performing my Invention
may be considerably modified in its details, some of the processes being
omitted and others repeated more than once, according to the colors to be
produced.
Another part of my Invention consists in subdividing the troughs containing
the mordants and the dyes by cross partitions, so that the several threads
passing through the machine at the same time may be dyed in different colors
or partly left uncolored.
Bycarrying out my Invention as described the time lost between the several
operations when performed separately, as heretofore customary, is economised
and and a great saving is effected in expense.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Barlow in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th August 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME I, JAMES
BARLOW, of the Firm of Messieurs Barlow and Jones, of Bolton, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Barlow Her special license, that I, the said James
Barlow, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or sach others as I, the

page_text: said James Barlow, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING, DYEING. PRINTING. AND SIZING COTTON AND OTHER
YARNS OR THREADS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James
Barlow, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what mauner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Barlow, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
It has heretofore been customary toperformtheprocessesof bleaching,dyeing,
printing, and sizing yarn or thread by separate and distinct machines or appa-
ratus; now the nature of my Invention consists in performing the various pro.
cesses of bleaching, dyeing, printing, and sizing yarn or thread in succession and
by one compound machine or apparatus, thereby economising time and labor.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood I will proceed
to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, which represents a convenient
mode of carrying the Invention into operation.
In Figure 1, a, a, represent one or more beams on which the yarn to be
operated upon is wound, but instead of these beams the yarn may be drawn
off bobbius placed in a creel of the usual construction; the yarns pass through
the reed b and then over the guide roller c; they then descend into the trough
or cistern & containing a solution of chlorine or other bleaching liquid; or if
desirable the yarn is first passed through a trough containing water to remove
the loose impurities; the yarn passes under the rollers e in the cistern d
and over the rollers f, placed considerably above the cistern; after the yaru
has passed over the last roller fit descends and passes between the squeezing
rollers g; it then passes around the rollers h in the trough i containing water,
and then after passing over the guide roller j it descends into the cistern k,
containing a mordant or other liquid to prepare the yarn for dyeing. The
cistern k is provided with rollers l, and above it are the guide rollers m,
around which the yarn passes, and on leaving the cisteru k the yarn is taken

page_text: between the squeezers n, and then over the guide roller o, from whence it
descends into the cistern p containing the dye. If it should be desirable, the
yarn on leaving the squeezers n may be taken over a steam chest or other
heating apparatus to dry or partially dry it before it is dyed. The dye cistern
is also provided with rollers q, and above it are the rollers r, around which the
yarn is conveyed; on leaving the cistern p the yarn passes between the
squeezers 8, and then it is taken over the guide roller t to the trough u con-
taining size. The yarn when dyed and before it is sized may be passed
through steam or through a suitable fluid for the purpose of raising or fixing
the color. The size trough u is provided with rollers v, around which the
yarn passes, and after leaving the size trough the yarn is taken around the
drying cylinder wand thence to the beam a, on which it is wound as in tape
sizing machines of the usual construction, but after the yarn is dyed and sized
may be taken to any of the well known machines for beaming, dressing,
reeling, or balling. The liquids in the cisterns d, k, and p are kept hot by
steam in the pipes y, and the cisterns are also provided with agitators z. The
fans A are to increase the evaporation of the moisture after the several processes
have been performed.
it
The operation of printing may also be carried out in the same machine
by introducing the necessary printing rollers and passing the yarn over
them either before the process of dyeing or after it, or instead of it, as the case
may require.
It is evident that the above described mode of performing my Invention
may be considerably modified in its details, some of the processes being
omitted and others repeated more than once, according to the colors to be
produced.
Another part of my Invention consists in subdividing the troughs or cisterns
containing the mordants and the dyes by cross partitions,as shewn in Figure 2,
so that the several threads passing through the machine at the same time
may be dyed in different colors or partly left uncolored.
By carrying out my Invention as described the time lost between the several
operations when performed separately, as heretofore customary, is ecouomised
and a great saving is effected in expence.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described a couvenient
mode of performing the same, I wish to remark that I make no claim to any
of the elements or separate parts of the apparatus described and shewn in
Figure 1 of the Drawing; but what I do claim is,-
The combining in one machine the various apparatus required for bleaching,
dyeing, printing, and sizing, successively as described.

page_text: And, secondly, subdividing the troughs or cisterns containing mordants and
lye materials by cross partitions for the purposes described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Barlow, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of August, One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-six.
JAMES BARLOW. (L.B.)