Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Nov., 1898-Accepted, 23rd Dec., 1898
I, CHARLES S. NEWSOM, a Citizen of the United States, residing at Athens, in
the County of Athens and State of Ohio, United States of America, Furniture
Dealer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The object of my invention, among others, is to provide combined incubating
and brooding chambers and means for establishing and maintaining a uniform
temperature and to provide a rotating incubating chamber having a series of
movable egg holding tubes or boxes arranged so that the contents will be readily
accessible.
The essential feature of novelty, therefore, of my invention consists in pro-
viding a rotatable tray-holding section to be received within a jacket or reservoir,
the latter being designed to hold the desired quantity of water for maintaining
a uniform degree of temperature within the chamber in which the rotatable
section is mounted.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the outside appearance of the preferred form of
body or housing;
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal central section of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a transverse central section of Fig. 1.
Referring in detail to the several parts of my invention, 1 represents the housing
or body of my incubator and brooder, which may be made of any preferred shape
or design, though it is thought that the configuration illustrated will be found
desirable and attractive.
The body, it will be seen, consists essentially of a substantially cylindrical
upper portion formed by the curved sides 2 and 3, which meet or join each other,
and the lid 4. End sections 5 and 6, which are connected to the curved side
sections in any preferred way, are also provided, and each terminates in the
downward extensions 7 constituting the legs, which, if desired, may, for con-
venience, be provided with casters.
The curved side sections may consist of a single sheet of suitable material, or
of two parallel sheets as indicated in Fig. 3, the inner sheet 8 being preferably
slightly separated from the outer sheet, thus providing the annular space 9
between them in order to more effectually guard against the radiation or passage
of the heat from the interior, as will be hereinafter more clearly set forth.
Within the chamber thus formed I dispose the reservoir 10 which is sub-
stantially cylindrical, except that the upper portion thereof is preferably cut
away to a greater or less extent, the object being to enable the operator to view
the interior or contents of the reservoir; said reservoir may be mounted in any
suitable way within the interior of the body, though in this instance I have shown
it to be held in its operative position by the ventilating tubes 11, which extend
ID 077

page_text: from the outside of the body, their prime office being to introduce fresh air into
the interior, their position being exteriorly indicated by the vents 12.
Revolvably mounted within the interior of the reservoir are the disks 13 and 14,
held in union with each other by the sleeve or tubular axle 15, said sleeve being
designed to receive a supporting axle or rod 15", the ends of which extend out-
ward sufficiently to be engaged by the bearings 16 and 17, respectively carried
by the end section 5 and the door 18, the latter being properly mounted in
position upon the end sections 6, as by the hinge 19 and secured in a closed
position by the keeper or button 20.
Below the door 18 it will be found desirable to provide the supporting shelf
or bracket 21. Each of the disks 13 and 14 are provided with a series of apertures
of proper size to freely receive the ends of the tubular holders 22, preferably
formed of wire cloth or other perforated or open material, said tubular holders
being designed for the purpose of holding the desired number of eggs which it
is desired to treat, and it is obvious that since the disks 13 and 14 are fixedly
secured to the sleeve 15 that said disks may be freely rotated in either direction
upon its supporting axle or shaft and thereby impart to the eggs the requisite
amount of motion necessary to insure that the vital spark within may not be
extinguished.
Below the point where the side sections 2 and 3 merge into each other, I locate
the floor 23, thus providing between said floor and the point of union of the
sections 2 and 3 the brooding chamber 24. Extending entirely through the
brooding chamber and the exterior and interior walls of the body is the flue 25
designed to receive the end of the lamp chimney 26 and convey the heat from
any suitable lamp as 27 into contact with the lower side of the reservoir 10 and
thereby heat the water to the desired degree, it being clear that any suitable
variety of thermometer as 28 may be attached to the disk 13 and readily viewed
through the glass door 18 or through the glass 4" in the lid 4 if the thermometer
is otherwise located.
A suitable vent 29, or series of them may be provided in the lid 4 through
which the products of combustion may escape, and said vents may, if desired, be
provided with closures in order to properly regulate the draft.
Glass doors 30 are provided for each side of the brooding chamber in order that
the interior thereof may be at all times, clearly under the vision of the operator.
By the construction and combination of parts which I have illustrated, it will be
seen that I have provided a brooding chamber in close juxtaposition to the
incubating chamber, thus enabling the heat to be more fully conserved, as the
same heat is utilized to perform two offices of incubation and brooding. The
reservoir 10 is filled with water through the vent 31, which is preferably provided
with a threaded cap or other form of closure.
The operation of my improved incubator may be stated to be as follows: The
desired number of eggs are introduced in the tubular holders 22 preferably by
withdrawing said tubes, though the contents may be introduced while the tubes
are still held by the disks 13 and 14, as one egg after another may be pushed
inward. After the tubes have been filled, the door 18 is closed and the flame of
the lamp properly regulated to establish the desired temperature which may be
readily determined by the condition of the thermometer.
A preferably uniform
temperature is maintained for the full period of incubation when the hatching
process may be closely watched through the glass 4ª and as the chicks leave the
shell, the tube 22 may be readily withdrawn and the chicks introduced from said
tube into the brooding chamber when the other unhatched eggs may be restored
to their position in the disks 13 and 14. It is obvious that the bracket 21 will
serve a useful purpose as one of the tubular holders may be laid thereon for the
purpose of filling the same as eggs may be readily introduced from each end.
It will be clear that after the eggs in the incubator are hatched another fresh
supply may be introduced and thus enable the operator to carry on both processes
of brooding and incubation. By providing a brooding chamber convenient at

page_text: hand it is not essential that all of the eggs shall have been hatched before a new
supply is provided as the process of incubation does not interfere with the
brooding process and vice versa.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In an incubator, the combination with a suitable housing, of a rotatable egg
carrier journaled therein having egg receptacles, and a water compartment
surrounding said rotatable carrier, as set forth.
2. An incubator consisting of a housing provided with suitable doors to gain
access to the interior, a rotatable egg holder mounted in said housing and suitable
means carried by said holder to carry each individual row of eggs, in combination
with a water jacket surrounding said rotatable carrier and suitable means for
raising the temperature of the water in said reservoir, as and for the purpose
set forth.
3. In an incubator, a housing consisting of separated walls, a rotatable egg
carrier mounted in said housing and consisting of perforated end disks, a series
of egg holders carried by said disks and fitting said perforations, a water jacket
surrounding the same and suitable means for heating the water carried thereby,
as and for the purpose set forth.
4. In an incubator, the combination of a suitable housing having a substan-
tially cylindrical interior, a rotatable egg carrier mounted in said housing, a
series of tubular egg carriers formed of meshed or perforated material, and a
water jacket surrounding said parts whereby a uniform temperature may be
maintained by the heat of a lamp, as and for the purpose set forth.
5. In an incubator, the combination of a suitable housing, a rotatable egg
carrier mounted therein, a water jacket surrounding said housing and a brooding
chamber or compartment located beneath said jacket and suitable means for
conveying the heat from a lamp through said brooding chamber into contact with
said jacket whereby the temperature of the water contained therein will be raised
to and maintained at the desired point, as specified.
Dated this 22nd day of November 1898.