Improvement in Printing Presses.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th May, 1894-Accepted, 4th May, 1895
COME MED DE DOLFICATION
Improvement in Printing Presses.
We, JOSEF OSTER, Manufacturer, and ALBERT JOISTEN, Printer, both of
Terlengraben 75 Cologne on the Rhine, in the Province of Rhineland and Kingdom
of Prussia do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:―
The printing-press now to be described and represented in the drawings, differs
from all other machines of this kind, hitherto known, in the fact that several
printing-rollers are arranged in pairs one above the other. Each pair of these
printing-rollers is separately connected by a brace, which by means of a cam
presses the rollers on the type when the type-bed moves forward-i.e. when the
machine is printing-and raises them when the type-hed goes back. The peculiar
arrangement of these pairs of printing rollers makes it possible to use the machine
as a rapid printing-press, according as one or more rollers are geared on.
machine, furthermore, works with an adjustable stroke, i.e. while formerly the
carriage was always obliged to make the whole motion backwards and forwards, no
matter whether the composition was long or short, the stroke can now be adjusted
according to the length of the composition to be printed. A further improvement
in this machine lies in the arrangement of the feeder which may be either
horizontal, vertical or oscillating.
The
Figs. 1 and 2 represent a machine with two pairs of rollers in section and
side-elevation, the latter with partial section; Figs. 3 to 7 explain the motions of
the carriage and the paper guides; in Figs. 8 to 10 the feeder arrangements
already mentioned are shown.
The two printing-rollers a b, a₁ b₁, placed one over the other are, as already
stated, each mounted with their pivot in guides c vertically adjustable in the frame
of the machine. These guides have in the centre the bearings d in which revolve
eccentric pivots provided with cranks. The pivots are connected with each other
by means of drawing-rods e and e₁, the latter of which is attached to a leverf in the
frame. This lever rests again a cam g, situated in the principal driving-shaft of
the machine. The cam is so arranged that during a semi-revolution it keeps the
lever in the position drawn in Fig. 2, in the second semi-revolution, on the
contrary, it pushes back the lever in the direction of the arrow thereby raising, by
means of the drawing-rods e e, and the eccentric pivots d d the guides c c and with
them the printing-rollers a b and a₁ b₁.
The carriages containing the type-bed are connected by means of two lateral
horizontal racks ₁, the teeth of which are engaged by the oscillating toothed
sectors placed at the sides of the frame of the machine, thus causing the
carriages to move backwards and forwards. As has already been stated the
machine, as we have now described it, may be used as a machine for printing news-
paper and as a machine for printing endless paper in two-colours as well as a rapid
printing-press. Fig. 3 illustrates the paper-guides, the thick lines showing the
guides in the arrangement as colour-printing machine and the dotted lines the
paper-guides in the arrangement as a newspaper printing-press, while, where
the paper-guide about one roller only is not specially drawn, being easily under-
stood by every one, the machine is to be used as a rapid printing-press.
The drawings in Figs. 4 to 7 show the different modifications of the machine
according to the different arrangement of the rollers and carriages in relation to
each other and according to the motion of the carriages and of the paper-guides.

page_text: In Fig. 4 both cylinders are printing simultaneously, the carriages as shown by
the direction of the arrows moving away from each other.
Fig. 5 illustrates the opposite case, in which both cylinders print simultaneously,
the carriages however moving towards each other.
In Figs. 6 and 7 the cylinders print alternately; in Fig. 6 a special carriage is
arranged for each cylinder, so that the one cylinder prints during the motion to
the right and the other during the motion to the left of the corresponding carriage,
while in Fig. 7 the two cylinders have only one carriage which is led consecutively
under both cylinders.
In Figs. 8 to 10, as has already been stated, the feeder arrangements in
connection with the machine are illustrated; in Figs. 8 and 8 a rotating, in
Figs. 9 and 9 a horizontal and in Fig. 10 to 10" a vertical feeder is illustrated.
The horizontal feeder (vide Figs. 9 and 9) which is used in the machine shown
in Fig. 2 consists chiefly of a horizontal board k, to the underside of which two
slide-rails are attached. By means of these slide-rails the board runs on four
friction-rollers m of which each pair is on an axis m₁. To the ends of the latter
toothed-wheels n are attached, whose teeth each engage two toothed-wheels n₁.
The racks o which are connected with the carriage and engage the toothed-
wheels n in their motion to and fro, impart an oscillating motion to the toothed-
wheels and thereby to the friction-rollers m m and the board k.
In Figs. 10 10 and 10" the feeder-mechanism is arranged in a vertical instead
of a horizontal direction; the board i.e. its slides are made to keep in the friction-
rollers by little rollers which press from above or from the front against the board.
This arrangement has the advantage over the horizontal feeder of occupying far
less room.
The oscillating feeder, represented in Fig. 8 and 8^, consists primarily of a
hollow cylinder r, connected firmly on one side with a ratchet wheel r₁ and lying
loosely attached on the axis s. On the axis s a second toothed-wheel s₁ is firmly
wedged, engaging a toothed-wheel which is cast in one piece with a friction-
wheel t₁. In the groove of the friction-wheel t₁ there slides a rail u which is
connected with the carriage, so that when the carriage alternately moves backwards
and forwards the slide-rail of the friction-wheel t₁ and the toothed-wheels t and s
are also made to oscillate. When the carriage moves forwards a pawl u, attached
to ₁ engages one of the teeth of the ratchet-wheel r, thus causing it to rotate and
likewise the feed-cylinder which is connected with it, while on the carriage going
back, the pawl is disengaged and the carriage stands still. Of course the toothed-
wheel gear for carrying the paper may be just as well set in motion by the
printing-cylinder that is actuated by the carriage as directly by the carriage
itself.
In the machine therefore the paper-feeder is made directly dependent on the
motion of the carriage and works while the actual printing goes on; a paper-
feeder worked by the main-shaft, as has been the case hitherto in machines printing
from endless paper, cannot be employed in this machine which works with an
oscillating motion, because in the case of the shaft the speed is a uniform one
while it varies in that of a carriage.
The adjustable stroke of our machine is obtained on the one hand by the driving
or connecting-rod which is inserted between the crank on the main-shaft and the
double-tooth sector in and gives an oscillating motion to the latter, being formed
of two pieces v and v₁ which by means of slot-guides w slide along, on, or in each
other, on the other hand either by the crank-pin v, being made adjustable as
regards its position to the axis of the main-shaft, or the point of application = of
the connecting-rod with regard to the pivot z₁ of the toothed sector, e.g. by means
of the slot-guides x in the crank-lever v or y in the sector i. In this manner the
sector may be given a greater or lesser stroke as desired, when the connecting-rod
may be shortened or lengthened and thus adjusted to the variable distance from
the crank-pin v₂ to the pivot z. If the connecting-rod is provided with a
graduated scale, the adjustment may be made accurately and without difficulty for

page_text: every length of stroke. This change of stroke is of importance to the machine as
the paper-feeder is dependent on the stroke, and otherwise the length of the
paper pushed forward would often not be in proportion to the length of paper
printed.
A great advantage, namely saving of time and increased efficiency in the
printing of small things may be obtained from the machine by providing step-
pulleys and the like for driving the main-shaft with varying rates of speed, so
that when the stroke is smaller the machine may be made to work correspondingly
faster.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
Improvement in printing-machines distinguished by:
1. Several printing-rollers with corresponding carriages arranged in pairs above
and alongside each other, connected in such a manner with the driving-gear that at
will and according to need single cylinders as well as couples may be put in or out
of gearing, so as to use the machine at will for newspaper-printing and colour-
printing from endless paper and also as a rapid press with sheet-paper.
2. The arrangement of two cylinders lying one above the other in lateral
cross-pieces or slides c guided vertically in the machine-frame and alternately
raised and lowered by the oscillatory motion of the machine.
3. The stroke mechanism for these slides s, consisting of the eccentric pivots dď
with attached crank-levers which receive an oscillatory motion by drawing-rods e e e₁
actuated by the pushing of an eccentric cam or heart-disc g against an oscillating
lever f
4. The paper-feeder either in horizontal, vertical or oscillatory form, actuated
directly by the carriage and made capable of accurately adapting itself to the
different strokes of the whole machine or carriage by the connection of rack-
gearing with the frictional force obtained by the engagement of correspondingly
profiled rods or rails of the carriage or board in friction rollers.
5. The adjustment of the carriage-stroke according to the length of the
composition, obtained by the connecting-rod, which consists of two parts v
and v₁ adjustable to each other, transforming the rotating motion of a crank,
mounted on the main-shaft in an oscillating motion of the toothed sectors i i
in connection with the adjustability of the crank-pin v₂ to the crank-lever and of
the point of application 22 of the connecting-rod in the sector i to the centre of
motion of the sector.
Dated this Twenty-eighth day of April 1894
For JOSEF OSTER, and
ALBERT JOISTEN,
B. Brockhues.