IMPROVE- - MARD OR TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Silvester Rait Wybrants, of Dundee, in the
County of Forfar, North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
- MARD OR TEXTILE FABRICS"
Sealed the 20th August 1869, and dated the 19th March 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Silvester Rait Wybrants
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 19th March 1869.
I, SILVESTER RAIT WYBRANTS, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar;
North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE FABRICS," to be as.
follows, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object the direct utilization of certain
materials which in the form in which they are obtained have hitherto
been considered waste, or, in order to utilize them have been caused to
undergo preparation by teasing or carding and spinning. It consists
essentially in employing previously used materials such as ropes of jute,

page_text: hemp, flax, tow, cotton, or wool, for the manufacture of all kinds of beavy
bagging, sacking, coarse sheeting, cables and similar articles for which
rove yarns have hitherto been employed. The ropes may or may not
be unstranded or broken up, and may be used as weft or warp without
passing them through carding or roving machinery, but in some cases
it may be advantageous to partly or wholly unstrand them for weaving,
and the separate or combined strands may be recled or formed into cops
ready for weaving.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Silvester Rait Wybrants in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 16th September 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SILVESTER
RAIT WYBRANTS, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Silvester Rait Wybrants,
Her special license that I, the said Silvester Rait Wybrants, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Silvester Rait
Wybrants, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE FABRICS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Silvester Rait Wybrants,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Silvester Rait Wybrants, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object the direct utilization of certain
materials which in the form in which they are obtained have hitherto
been considered waste, or, in order to utilize them have been caused
to undergo preparation by teasing or carding and roving or spinning,
or have been used only for making paper, felt and similar materials..
It consists essentially in employing previously used materials such as
ropes of jute, hemp, flax, tow, cotton, wool, coir, or manilla, or other
material, for the manufacture of all kinds of bagging, sacking, coarse
sheeting, and similar articles for which rove yarns or heavy spun yarns
have hitherto been or may be employed. The ropes may or may not
be unstranded or broken up, and may be used as weft or warp without
passing them over or through teasing or carding or roving machinery,
but in some cases it may he advantageous to partly or wholly unstrand
them for weaving, and the separate or combined strands may be reeled,
warped, or formed into cops ready for weaving and manufacture into
cloth or other textile fabrics.
The Invention also consists in reutilizing the wefts or warps of
previously used or waste baggings, sackings, sheetings, or other cloths,
these wefts or warps when separated being similar to the ropes or strands
of ropes or to yarns or threads, by again manufacturing them into
cloths such as are herein-before referred to. The waste or previously
used baggings are not passed through teasing, carding, roving, or
spinning machinery, but the threads or yarns are merely separated from
the fabric and may be reeled, warped, or formed into cops ready for
weaving again into cloth, or for other purposes to which these coarse
yarns or threads are applicable.
Either the warps or wefts, or both, may, under the first or second head
of this Invention, be composed either wholly of previously used or waste
materials, or partly of previously used materials and partly of new
materials, as circumstances may require, or according to the quality of the
fabric desired to be produced.
It is obvious from the foregoing description in reference to both heads
of this Invention that where the ropes, strands, threads, or yarns can be
manufactured into cloth or coarse fabrics without subjecting them to
the usual process or processes of teasing, carding, roving, or spinning,
considerable economy in such manufactures will be effected.

page_text: Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in or under which the same is. or may be used or practically
carried into effect, I wish to observe in conclusion that what I consider
novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,--
First. The utilization of waste or previously used ropes by manufacturing
them into baggings, sheetings, and other similar fabrics without sub-
jecting them to the usual process or processes. of teasing, carding, roving,
or spinning, as herein-before described.
Second. The utilization of waste or previously used baggings, sackings,
sheetings, and similar materials by separating the threads or yarns and
winding them on cops or reels so that they may again be woven into
similar fabrics, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Silvester Rait Wybrants, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of September,
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
S. R. WYBRANTS.
(L.S.)