Improvements in Apparatus for Removing Roots, Acrospires, and Impurities from Malted or other Grain.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 21st Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 27th Jan., 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Removing Roots, Acrospires, and
Impurities from Malted or other Grain.
We, LUDWIG RÖSSLER of Aibling, and HEINRICH REINHARD of Munich, both in
the Regency of Bavaria, Empire of Germany, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for separating malted or other
grain from roots or acrospires or impurities. The improved apparatus may be used
also solely for removing acrospires and roots, or solely as a grain-cleaning machine.
The malt is introduced through a hopper into a narrow horizontal cylinder. in
which rotates a shaft provided with the spades or wings some inclined helically towards
the outlet, others placed at certain intervals with their faces vertical to the shaft.
While the first mentioned spades shift forward the malt in the cylinder, the
vertical spades cause in the narrow cylinder an obstruction of the material, so that
the latter soon fills the whole cylinder. The upper half of the cylinder is formed of
perforated sheet metal, the lower half being formed of small wire beads extending
longitudinally and conically shaped outwards, whereby the separated material may be
allowed to fall out easily. The said wire beads are slung around supporting rings
placed at certain intervals, which give these sifting wires a longitudinal stiffening.
The inner edges of the same are flattened and they form within the cylinder a
completely even working surface with narrow slits extending into outwardly enlarged
openings, whereby the falling out of the material which passes the slits, is considerably
facilitated.
By the rotation of the axle the material is thoroughly worked as it fills the whole
cylinder and the single grains are subjected to friction with one another and also by
the spades and the walls of the cylinder etc., so that the roots and acrospires are
pulled off and the grains freed from stony or other foreign substances. The removed
acrospires etc. fall through the perforations of the cylinder.
After the grain is worked in the upper cylinder and has arrived at the end of the
same, it falls through an opening into a second horizontal cylinder the shaft of which

page_text: is provided with helically wound bands or webs. These however are not in continuous
contact with the shaft but interstices are left between. Here the separation of the
roots and acrospires and the removal of the impurities is completed and the grains
are conveyed to the outlet where by an exhauster they may be completely freed from
dust particles or the like by a fan or the like, in the known manner.
If this cleaning is not sufficient, the malt may be passed through a thin cylinder
similar in construction, the shaft of which is provided with helical bands, fixed to it
by radial arms, the said bands being provided at intervals with cross spades inclined
in the contrary direction, so that, introduced, it is not carried freely along to the
bands, but encounters resistance from the said spades and is therefore more or less
retarded in its progress through the cylinder and correspondingly worked and
cleaned.
Dated this 31st dov of Manch 1007

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Removing Roots, Acrospires, and
Impurities from Malted or other Grain.
We, LUDWIG RÖSSLER of Aibling and HEINRICH REINHARD of Munich both in
the Regency of Bavaria, Empire of Germany, Manufacturers do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to apparatus or machinery for removing of roots acrospires
and impurities from malted grain and in general to machinery for cleaning grain.
The accompanying drawing illustrates a machine embodying the improvements.
Fig. 1 being a longitudinal vertical section.
Fig. 2 a vertical cross section and
Figs. 3 and 6 detail views thereof.
Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate a modification or addition. The malted or other grain is
fed through a hopper into the end of the horizontal cylinder a preferably of about.
15 centimeters in diameter in which is axially journalled the shaft provided along
its length with radiating spades or wings, some of which are inclinod spirally
towards the axis of the shaft, the others being placed at certain intervals with their
faces perpendicular in all respects to the axis of the shaft. While the spades shift
forward the grain in the cylinder, the spades 2 arrest to a certain extent the forward
movement of the grain, so that the cylinder is soon filled therewith. The upper
portion of the cylinder a is formed of perforated sheet metal and the lower portion is
formed of a number of small wire beads a' extending longitudinally and of angular
cross section as indicated, one of the faces forming the cylinder interior surface, so
that the interstices between the wires, widen outwardly and matters which have
passed between the wires are enabled to fall out easily and without obstruction. The
inner surface of the wires therefore forms an even and smooth working surface for the
grain passing over in the cylinder. The said wire beads are supported by rings a²
around which they are passed in the manner indicated in Figs. 3 and 6 so that the
cylinder bottom formed thereof may have the requisite rigidity.
The grain is well worked in the cylinder a by the rotation of the shaft b, and is
subjected to friction against the spades b¹³ and against itself, and the walls of the
cylinder. The acrospires and roots are thereby torn off and fall with the impurities
through the floor of the cylinder.
The grain after passing along the cylinder a falls through an opening d into a
second cylinder e the shaft e¹ of which is provided with spiral bands or webs f. The
bands are not in continuous contact along the shaft e¹ but are supported by radial
arms so that interstices are left between the inner edges of the bands and the shaft e'.
The cleaning of the grain is completed in this cylinder and the grain moved along
therein under the influence of the spiral bands falls from the outlet in which the
falling grain may be subjected to a blast of air for removal of dust and lighter
particles, said blast being produced by a rotary fan or other machine,

page_text: The advantages of this machine lie in the smoothness and narrow diameter of the
cylinders and in the action produced by the spades and ².
If the cleaning in the above machine is not sufficient the grain may be passed
through an opening u into a third cylinder of somewhat similar construction as
regards the lower half of the cylinder. The shaft j is axielly journalled in this
cylinder and the said shaft carries spiral bands K attached thereto by radial arms
or equivalents. The bands K are likewise inclined as shown in Fig. 5. The upper
part of the cylinder is not perforated and an opening is arranged therein at the end
remote from the entrance π. The shaft likewise carries radial arms S supporting at
their ends spades or plates S¹ inclined spirally to the shaft in a direction contrary to
the hands K, so that the grain advanced by the bands is partially thrown back by the
spades. The passage of the grain, though retarded is gradually forward until it
eventually issues from the outlet where it may be subjected to air blast as before
described for removal of dust and lighter particles.
The cylinders may be used independently is desired.
our said
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
In apparatus and machinery for cleaning malted and other grain.
1) The combination of a cylinder having shaft and spades 62 as described,
with a cylinder having shaft e' with spiral bands connected to said shaft, as and for
the purpose set forth.
2) The combination with a cylinder or cylinders composed each of an upper half
of perforated or nonperforated material, and a lower half of wire beads of angular
cross section and rings a² as set forth; of shaft or shafts axially journalled in said
cylinders and spades 62 and bands fon said shaft or shafts as and for the purpose
set forth.
3) The combination of a cylinder having inlet and outlet and composed as
set forth with a shaft j axially journalled therein said shaft carrying bands K and
spades S' in the manner and for the purpose described.
4) The combination of three cylinders a ei having shafts a ₁ and spades and
spiral bands on said shafts as set forth with inlet and outlets whereby grain may pass
consecutively through said cylinders as and for the purpose described.
Dated this 21st day of December 1887.
LUDWIG RÖSSLER.
HEINRICH REINHARD.
By Herbert & Co.,
Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C.,
Agents to Applicants.