Fiurus under Pressure.
Year: 1888

page_text: Owner Fiurus under Pressure.
I, ADOLF KNOOP of 16 Marienstr., Minden, Westphalia, Germany, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
:-
The iron receptacles or bottles heretofore employed for containing liquid carbonic
acid or other liquids or gases under high pressure are made comparatively very heavy
to ensure the requisite strength of the same. In order to make these bottles or
receptacles as light as possible they are provided according to this invention with one
or more pipes arranged between the upper and lower ends so as to prevent the latter
from bulging out and to constitute stays and braces or ties between them.
The said pipe or pipes serve also another purpose. It is well known that liquid
carbonic acid under high pressure draws much heat from its surrounding space on
passing into the gaseous state, so that by the powerful cooling of the receptacle and
its pipes the liquid itself is converted into the solid or frozen state, the discharge cocks
and pipes are frozen up and do not allow carbonic acid to leave the bottle or
receptacle. In order to obviate these inconveniences heat can be conducted to the bottle
or receptacle in any suitable manner through the medium of the pipe or pipes to be
provided.
In this manner large quantities of carbonic acid under low and uniform pressure,
such as is for example necessary for fire and other engines wherein carbonic acid is
used as a medium of pressure can be rapidly obtained from the bottle or receptacle.
The bottle or receptacle represented in the accompanying drawing consists of
suitable iron, steel or other metal, its ends being connected with each other by one or
moro iron, steel or other metal pipes that are open at both extremities or at one
extremity only. These pipes can be either inseparably connected with the ends of the
bottle or receptacle by welding, or arranged for occasional removal therefrom in order
to enable the bottle or receptacle to be cleaned. They can however also be secured in
the ends of the receptacle in any other suitable manner.
Figure 1 shows a vertical section of my improved bottle or receptacle having a pipe
fixed in it by means of screw threads.
Figure 2 a section of a bottle or receptacle having three pipes inserted which are
open at both ends.
Figure 3 shows a bottle or receptacle having a pipe with only one open end.
Figures 4 and 5 are transverse sections of the bottles or receptacles illustrated in
Figures 2 and 3.

page_text: In the arrangement represented in Figure 1 the bottle or receptacle a has in its two
ends and can opening provided with screw threads; through this opening is insorted
a pipe d having at either extremity external screw threads which are adapted to engage
with the screw threads in the aforesaid opening. The two extremities of the pipe
project a little to the outside of the ends of the bottle or receptacle, and are closed by
means of screw-caps e. These screw caps are designed to protect the extremities of
the pipe and they are removed when, for the purpose of heating the contents of the
bottle or receptacle, the pipe is to be set in connection with a steam or hot-water
pipe.
The ends of the bottle or receptacle a for containing carbonic acid (Figures 2
and 4) are cach provided with three openings the outer part of which is wider than
the inner part. These openings serve for the reception of three pipes whose
extremities are widened to fit in the said taper openings. In this case the contents
of the bottle or receptacle are heated say by allowing the hot gases from a hearth or
fire-place to pass through the pipes in a similar manner as in boilers of locomotive
engines the water of the boiler is heated by the gases of combustion.
Figure 3 shows a bottle or receptacle a having a pipe d, one extremity of which
is secured in the end of the said bottle or receptacle by screw threads as in the
arrangement shown in Figure 1. In the other extremity of the said pipe, which does
not extend quite to the end c of the bottle or receptacle, is welded or otherwise secured
a plug g provided with a screw-threaded part that enters an opening made in the
aforesaid end c. The part of this plug which protrudes beyond the surface of the
bottle or receptacle is clinched or rivetted. The extremity of the pipe secured in
the end of the receptacle receives the mouth piece of a hose which is divided into
two halves by a tongue or partition i. When steam or hot water is allowed through
the hose into the pipe d it passes downwards in the direction of the arrows, and first
comes in contact with one half of the pipe, it then turns round the lower ond of the
said tongue or partition and rises on the other side of the latter in contact with
the second half of the pipe in order to pass through an opening provided in the
h¹
mouth piece to the outside. In this manner heat can be conducted to the carbonic
acid contained in the bottle or receptacle in the case of pipes having an opening only
at one of their extremities.
The arrangement represented in Figure 3 is to serve only as an example, and it is
obvious that other means for heating the contents of the bottle or receptacle can be
used. In like manner the joints or connections of the pipes and the ends of the
bottles or receptacles, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 are merely regarded as examples.
There are many known ways of establishing such connections of which I can avail
myself with more or less advantage for the purposes of this invention which is not
limited to any of the joints or connections represented in the drawing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
The combination of one or more pipes, which are open at one or both extremities,
with the ends of receptacles for liquid carbonic acid or other liquids or gases under
high pressure for the purpose of stiffening these ends by the connection, and enabling
the heat necessary for heating the contents of the receptacles to be conducted to the
said pipe or pipes.
n
33
..
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.