IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Imray of N° 28. Southampton Buildings Chancery
Lane in the County of Middlesex for an Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN
SEWING MACHINES" Communicated to him from abroad by Rufus Leavitt
of Boston Massachusetts, Machinist, and Edward Flather of Bridgeport,
Connecticut Machinist both of the United States of America
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said John Imray at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the Gth January 1883.
JOHN IMRAY of N° 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES" Communicated to me from
Abroad by Rufus Leavitt of Boston Massachusetts, Machinist and Edward Flather
of Bridgeport Connecticut, Machinist, both of the United States of Ainerica
The first part of this Invention relates to that class of sewing machines in which
the movement of a vibrating shuttle lever, is derived through an oscillating lever
from a driving shaft journaled in the goose neck or arin which actuates the
needlo bar,
The first part of the invention has for its objects the proper construction and
arrangement of the operating levers transmitting motion from the driving shaft
to the shuttle lever and feed lever whereby the movement of the needle bar and
shuttle lever can be accurately timed to move together, the needlo and shuttle
threads pulling up at the same time, and letting off simultaneously, to provide a
simple contrivance to raise the presser foot a short distance, or half-lift when
required, to provide a take-up capable of being adjusted; to provide a guide to
engage with and guide the needle bar cam, and the means for adjusting the same;
to provide a simple and efficient needle clamp, to be used in combination with a
self-setting needle, and to provide an elastic vibrating tongue attached to the
shuttle carrier on which the shuttle rests, and which operates to deaden the noise
usually caused by the shuttle suddenly striking the carrier.
The second part of the invention relates to the balance wheel pulley which is

page_text: mounted on the driving shaft of tho sewing machine, and has for its object to
provide simple and efficient means for running the pulley independent of the shaft
for the purpose of winding bobbins.
The third part of the invention relates to shuttles for sewing machines, and has
for its objects to provide the shuttle shell with a plate and a spring of such
construction that the thread can be brought directly from the bobbin without
bending or changing the direction of the thread; and to provide a novel and
efficient bearing for the journal of the bobbin.
The first part of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings from
Figure 1 to Figure 41 inclusive.
Fig. 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section through the centre of the goose
neck or arm, and a section of the bed taken through the dotted line 1 of Fig 2.
Fig. 2 a plan view of the bottom of the bed.
Fig. 3 a sectional view of the goose neck or arm through the dotted line 2 of
Fig 4, and of the bed through the dotted line 3 of Fig 2.
Fig. 4 a broken side elevation of the goose neck or arm and bed showing the
operation of the indianton.

page_text: shaft E, by the set screw l, an end view of the same being shewn at Fig 18. One
end of the cam L, Fig 17, is provided with the eccentric I", which engages with the
eccentric strap G, Fig 11, for controlling and operating the lever F. The cam L
and eccentric I', are formed integral from the same casting, and from the shoulder m
to the end n constitutes the cam L, such cam from its peculiar construction being
adapted to operate within a square hole, or forked lever having its sides parallel.
It controls and operates the lift rod H and feed cam bever J, Figs 13, 15 and 16.
Fig 13 shewing the oscillating. levers F and J, lift rod H and cam L'attached to
the shaft E properly grouped and arranged for operation, but detached from the
goose neck or arm. On the end of the shaft E is the needle bar cam flange J¹
having the roller K' which engages with the needle bar cam S, see Fig 12, which
represents a view of a section of the face plate, needle bar, needle bar cam, and
flange J. In all machines of this class having a heart shaped cain attached to the
needle bar and the driving shaft situated in the arm, and the oscillating levers
which communicate with the vibrating levers below the bed, operated by a cam
on the driving shaft, great difficulty is experienced in timing the travel of the
needle bar, and movement of the shuttle lever so that they will pull up exactly
together, and let off at the same time. The failure to accomplish this in machines
of this class is due to the positive motion of the oscillating lever which operates the
shuttle lever.
This difficulty is entirely. overcome by the arrangement of the levers according to
this invention.
Fig 11 represents a side view of the oscillating or eccentric lever, at the lower
end of which is the ball o which engages with the forked end of the shuttle lever M
in the usual manner, the other end p, being jointed to the eccentric strap, G by the
screw q, on which the strap G can freely swing. This strap is attached as before
stated to the eccentric I of the cam L and works freely thereon, the strap being
separated by the cut r and adjusted by means of the adjusting screw a to secure
the proper tension. When the shuttle has passed through the loop and reaches its
extreme throw, the eccentric lever will be in the position shewn in full lines at Fig 11,
and the point t which indicates the highest part of the eccentric I', will coincide
with the point u on the strap G. The needle bar will at the same time have
reached its extreme height, as indicated at Fig 12. In passing over this upper
centre it is essential that the lever F which operates the shuttle lever should
remain stationary until the needle bar is ready to begin its downward movement.
This it would be impossible to accomplish if the eccentric lover was positively
connected with the cam, a method employed as before stated by all machines of this
class. The time occupied in passing the centre is short it is truc, but long enough
to allow movement to the eccentric lever so that the shuttle will let go and make
considerable progress in its backward movement, before the needle bar begins its
descent. Now as there is a dead point when the needle bar has reached its highest
position, there should also be a corresponding dead point on the eccentric lever, and
this is successfully accomplished by means of the eccentric strap G. The highest
point t of the eccentric I' in travelling from the point u of the strap to the point t³,
of the same, Fig 11 merely lifts the strap which swings on the screw 7, while the
lever F remains stationary this providing the time necessary for the needle bar to
pass the dead centre. When this is passed the highest point t of the eccentric I',
approaching in the direction of the arrow towards the point u' of the strap imparts
motion to the lever F and carries it to the other extremity of its throw as indicated
by the dotted position F2. Thus the shuttle and needle pull together and the stitch
is fully completed leaving no slack threads, the upper and lower threads being
drawn firmly on the fabric and the loop or lock formed in the centre of the sanie.
This is what is called the "Howe Stitch" and has only been accomplished heretofore
by a needle and shuttle cam on the driving shaft situated below the bed, each cam
being independent but timed to operate together. The feed lever N, Fig 2, works
on the universal joint L', and its end M³ is connected to the feed bar N' which

page_text: carries the feed surface 01. The other end of lever N is provided with the
adjusting screw P¹ as scen more clearly at Fig 13, which represents a sectional view
of the adjusting screw P' and end v of the feed lever, through the dotted line 5 of
Fig 14. The screw P¹ has the hole w, preferably rounding at the bottom, to receive
the ball shaped end x, of the lift rod H. The screw P' and lift rod H are kept in 5
contact by the spring y. The connection of the lift rod H, with the feed lever n
would be a difficult thing to accomplish were it not for the adjusting screw P¹ by
means of which they are readily brought in contact. The other end of the rod His
.loosely connected with the yoke I by the screw z, and the yoke is operated by tho
cam L, (Fig 15, which is a section of rod H through the dotted line 6 Fig 13) and 1
is provided with the adjusting screw a¹ to compensato for wear. The yoke I is
also connected with and swings freely on the screw b¹, Fig 3 which shews the small
portion c¹ of the rear of the arm in full. The end of the screw or pin b' enters the
hole of the yoke, Fig 15 which connection is necessary as the yoke is loosely
_connected to the lift rod H and it operates to keep it in proper position in relation 1
to the cam L. The central position of the lift rod H is not intended to fit the
stud but the hole e' of the rod is made sufficiently large to clear the stud h, as it
rises and falls with the feed.
L..
The feed cam L also operates in the forked end of the lever Jagainst the perpen-
dicular sides n¹ n², Fig 16 which represents a section through the dotted line 6 of
Fig 13. The forked end is adjusted to compensate for wear by adjusting screw g¹
and the lower end h¹ is forked to receive the feed link K, which works freely on
the screw ¹. When the eccentric lever F is in the position as shewn in full lines
Fig 11, the needle bar as before stated is at its highest point, and the feed dog O
Fig 1 is raised to its highest position when the cam L will occupy the position in
relation to the yoke I as seen in Fig 15; the point j, of the cam being in contact
with the surface K³ of the yoke. When the lever F begins its backward movement
the cam L will lift the rod H and as the feed lever N is attached to the rod H by
the spring y it will raise the end of the lever N back of the universal joint L' (see
Figs 1 and 2) and cause the feed surface or dog O¹ to drop the distance from the
point to the point of the cam, and the cam in travelling the distance between
these two points will hold the lift rod H up, and the feed dog below the bed, until
the feed dog or surface has been carried back to its starting point by the lever J.
The point of cam L will then engage the lower surface m¹ of the yoke, depressing
rod H and lever N, raising the feed surface above the bed in a position to feed
forward, which is effected by cam L coming in contact with the fork of lever J,
when the cam will occupy the position as represented at Fig 3, the point engaging
with the face n' and carrying the upper part of the lever to the left, and oscillating
as it does on the stud h, it will also carry the lower end of said lever to the right.
The lever J would also carry the feed link with it, but the movement of the link
is arrested by the piston a attached to the piston lever O. The piston a operates
as a fulcrum against the circle o¹ of the link K, and the inner face p' of the link
Fig 10, engages with the roll q' of the feed lever N (see Fig 3), a better view of
which roll is seen at Fig 14, where the roll is attached to the lever N, said lever
engaging with the feed bar N', Fig 2, which carries the feed surface or dog O¹, and
by such action of the link K, is fed forward. The object of the roll g' on the
lever N is to enable it to travel up and down on the face p' of the link K, when
the lever N rises and falls with the lift rod H, thereby reducing the friction on
these surfaces.
When the cam L is in the position in relation to the lever J, indicated at Fig 16,
the feed surface will have travelled its full limit, and will be held in that position
until after the point of the cam L leaves the perpendicular face n¹ of the fork.
In the meantime the point of the cam engages with the yoke, Fig 15, raising
the same and causing the feed dog, or surface to drop by the operation as before
stated. The point will then engage with the opposite face n² of the fork of lever J,
and carry the feed surface back to its starting point. While the feed surface is

page_text: below the bed, and on its return movement the needle will have descended and
withdrawn from the fabric in time for the levers, by the operation stated, to raise
and carry the surface forward.
A decided advantage is thus obtained by having the actuating levers operated by
the same cam, as they can more readily be adjusted and accurately timed in their
respective movements in relation to each other, than could be accomplished if they
were operated by independent cams. All that is required in setting a cam such as
described is to place it in a position so that any one of the levers will be correctly
timed, and all the rest will operate in perfect harmony with it.
A hole is provided in the end of the piston lever O to receive the shank r¹ of the
piston a, Fig 5 and is secured therein by the set screw 8¹. The piston a is
arranged to be adjusted to the circle o' of link K. A better view of piston a, and
its relation to lever O may be seen at Fig 6, which represents a top view of piston
lever O. The lever O is operated by the stitch screw P, Fig 3, the lower end t' of
which is threaded and fits a corresponding threaded hole in the nut b, a top view
of which is seen at Fig 7, and a perspective view at Fig 8, the nut b entering the
hole of the piston lever, Fig 5 and oscillating freely therein. The lever O
swinging freely on the screw X' of the lug of the bed, is raised and lowered by
means of the screw P and varies the length of the stitch by changing the position
of the piston a on the circle o¹ of the link K, which alters the fulcrum or leverage
of the feed cam lever J. The spring y situated between the lever O and the
bottom of the bed A operates to carry the lever down when the screw P is turned
back. The lever O describes in its movement an arc of a circle as it travels up and
down the link K, therefore the elongated hole a is provided in lever O Fig 6,
extending through the same to allow free play to the screw P in the oscillating
inovement of the lever. The length of the stitch is indicated on the plate Qby
the pointer 6 of the indicator Q (Fig 4) which latter swings on the screw c³
situated in the goose neck or arm B, the short arm of the indicator connecting
with the rod R which passes through the hole e² of piston lever O, Fig 6, and has
attached to it by the set screw h³ the round swivel c, said swivel oscillating freely
in the hole 12 of lever O, Fig 5, similar in its operation to the nut b. A section of
the rod R with the set screw is shewn at Fig 9. By turning the screw P to the
right or left the position of the lever O will be altered and by means of the
indicator the length of stitch indicated on the plate Q'. To prevent the lever O
from being carried down so low as to drop from the link K, the point of the
lever will engage with the bottom m² of the lug 4, Fig 3, and arrest its progress,
the projection n of the lever engaging with the bottom of the bed to limit its
travel upwards.
Fig 19 represents a view of the interior of the face plate C,
guide bar resting on the supports n and m of the plate.
bar & is shewn at Fig 21, having the threaded holes p p to
bushings e, e³, a view of one of which is shewn at Fig 23.
the guide bar & taken through the dotted line 7 of Fig 21.
of the bushing provided with the hole fƒ³, for the set screw f,
into the supports n' nº of the plate.
d indicating the cam
A view of the guide
receive the threaded
Fig 22 is a section of
Fig 24 is a top view
Fig 25, which screws
On the bottom of the needle bar cam S, Fig 20, is the guide g³ which fits the
guide bar d and travels on the same operating to keep the cam level and prevent
cramping. Any imperfection in the construction of the cam or change of position
of the needle bar to which the cam is attached, or any difference in the height of
the supports nt, no, which would interfere with the travel of the cam, may be
counteracted by the adjustment provided at each end of bar d. The bottoms h³ of
the bushings, Fig 23, rest on the supports nt, n³, and each end of the bar dis
adjusted independently until the proper level is obtained in relation to the cam,
when the bar is secured firmly down by the set screws ff. q³ Figs 19 and 26 is
a central bearing projecting from the inner surface of the face plate C for the
support of the needle bar. This bearing effectually counteracts any tendency of

page_text: the bar to spring, owing to the great distance between the ends R' and S¹ of the
plate.
The mechanism which controls the take up is similar in construction and
operation to others of this class, except that an adjustment is provided on the take
up for the purpose of placing the same in the proper position in relation to the
thread, and also to compensate for wear. Tho roll T operates against the cam
shaped periphery of the flange J, Fig 12, and is connected by the pin 83 to the
arm w of the rocker Y; to the arm w³ is attached the retractile spring V³, and to
the arm V³ is secured the take up X. The rocker Y, oscillates on the stud Z, a
perspective view of the rocker and roll being shewn at Fig 31.
1
The take-up Fig 30, has the elongated hole w, for the screw y³ and the pin
hole for the ping on the arm Vs of the rocker. By means of the clongated
hole w of the take up it may be adjusted and placed in its proper position in
relation to the thread, and also in case of wear by constant motion of the roll T¹ on
the flange J¹ which will reduce their surfaces and give a different time to the take 1
up, when it can be adjusted to its original position. Fig 28 represents a
perspective view of the presser bar guide T, having the hole T for the passage
of the presser bar, and transverse slots t, t, to admit the guide pin a³ of the
presser bar, Fig 29. The guide T, Fig 28, has the flango m³, which enters the
slot m of the face plate C, Fig 27, which figuro is a section taken through the
dotted line 4, Fig 19. The screw c³ in the flange D of the goose neck or arm B
retains the flange m³ of the guide against the bottom of the slot m'. The screw c'
supports the lifter which also operates in the slot m⭑..
Fig 19 represents the guide T on the presser bar V and immediately below the
guide is the spring a which operates to keep the guide up to the pin a of the
bar V, said pin resting in the slots t³, t, of the guide which prevents the bar from
turning when the presser foot is on the work. When necessary to swing the
foot A around, the bar V is raised, lifting the pin as out of the slots of the
guide T, the pins resting on the top of the same as seen by dotted position of foot A',
and pin.
In fancy stitching, embroidering &, it is necessary at certain points to turn the
work with as little delay as possible and to do so it is usual to raise the foot from
the fabric sufficient to relieve the pressure, and when the direction of the stitching
has been changed the foot is permitted to drop. This is difficult to accomplish by
means of the ordinary lifter situated as it is at the back of the face plate, as both
hands of the operator are required to guide the work. But by means of the push
rod provided as shewn at Fig 19, the operator has perfect control of the lift without
removing the hands from the work,
B³ is the push rod operating in a transverse slot of the face plate C, and having
the button or head projecting from the plate nearest the operator, the other
end d' of the rod engaging with the handle of lifter U. When necessary to lift
the foot, the operator can reach the button or head with the thumb and push it
in until the cut or notch f" of the rod B³, coincides with the side wall of the
plate C, when the pressure of the spring D' acting through the medium of the
guide T and lifter U, will cause it to engage therewith. By pressing downward
on the button i³, the notch will be disengaged and the foot lowered thereby
carrying the push rod back to its original position.
Fig 32, is a section of the needle bar W and needle clamp A' attached to the
same, Fig 37 is an end elevation of the clamp. The hole B represents the size
of the needle bar proper. Fig 35 represents an end view of the needle bar, shewing
the groove to receive the needle and its latch, one side of the needle shank being
flattened and such flat side rests on the bottom D2 of the groove D¹, said groove
being cut in the needle bar a distance sufficient for the latch C to operate on the
pin E, the latter extending transversely through the bar Fig 38. The clamp A
(Fig 33, which represents a view taken through the dotted line 8, Fig 34) is placed
on the small or reduced end E of the needle bar, the inner surface of the clamp A¹
resting on top of the latch C', the scrow B¹ serving to hold it firmly thereon, thus

page_text: securing the needlo. The point of the set screw B¹ is reduced in size and enters
the hole G³ provided in the bar W opposite the latch, see Figs 33 and 3+, which
serves to prevent the clamp A' from dropping off. The should H2 of the
latch C, Fig 33, is intended as a stop for the needle shank I, and determinos
the height of the needle. J' is a thread slot in clamp and K³ wire throad
guide.
The vibrating tongue G¹, Fig 39, is constructed of thin metal, and is secured to
the shuttle carrier F by the set screw L' the shank M³ of the tongue resting on the
shank N of the carrier. The tongue G' is raised above the surface a³ of the
carrier, Fig 40, leaving an open space between them for vibration of the former.
The shuttle will rest on the surface Z³ of the tongue and the end Z³ of the tongue,
which is bent upwards, will support the point or nose of the shuttle. When the
shuttle throad is pulling up the shuttle is raised from the surface of the carrier
and as it lets go suddenly the shuttle will drop on the carrier and make a
disagreeable clicking noise.
This is entirely avoided and prevented by the vibrating tongue as above
described. The tongue constructed as it is of thin metal is very sensitive and
readily yields to the shuttle instead of striking hard on the carrier.
The second part of the invention is illustrated from Figure 42 to Fig 40
inclusive.
Fig 42 represents a sectional view of the pulley and a side olevation of the
flange.
Fig 43 a sectional view of the flango.
Fig 44 an end view of the flange and Figs 45 and 46 detail views.
Referring to these figures the letter A indicatos the pulley, Bª the flange, E the
driving shaft, De the locking bolt, E the locking bolt spring, F' the locking bolt
spring screw, as the thumb pin, 68 the cam slot and B a portion of the goose neck
or arin.
The pulley as represented is intended to be used above the table and is placed
between the projecting hub of the arm B and the flange B', and runs free and
independent on the shaft E, when disconnected from the flange for the purpose of
winding bobbins. The hub d' of the flange B has the hole e provided to receivo
the shaft E, Fig 44, and is secured thereon by the set screw f'. indicates a
projection of the hub 7, Figs 43 and 44, through which the hole h is drilled for
the locking bolt D which works freely therein.
The holo is drilled on the axis of the bolt Dº, to receivo tho controlling
spring E' and is of a depth less than the length of the spring. The end of the
spring E' abuts against the bottom of the hole, the other end abuts against the
spring screw F, said screw having a projection m³ which enters the coil of the
spring E, and tends to keep it in line with the hole is of the of the bolt Dº. The spring
thus placed inside exerts less friction on the bolt than if situated on the outside,
besides it does not interfere with the movement of the bolt in the hole h³ as it
must fit closely therein yet move freely to enable it to enter a corresponding hole
provided in the pulley as seen at n³, Fig 42 which represents the bolt DⓇ locked
therein. The cam slot 68 is a spiral groove formed in the projection 9º, of tho
hub d. Fig 42, said groove being cut through the projection go into the bolt hole h³.
The inner edge o' of the groove forms the cam and the thumb pin a³ enters this
groove or cam slot 69 and screws into the bolt D° for operating and controlling
the same.
To disconnect the flange and run the pulley independently, the thumb pin a³, is
carried over to the dotted position as as shewn at Fig 44. The spring E of the
bolt D keeps the thumb pin against the side o of the cam slot and the said
incline being gradual and easy the thumb pin moves down the same freely and
with but little friction and rests in its scat at the further extremity of the cam
slot, a dip in the slot at this point formning a prominence p* sufficient to prevent
the pin a from dropping back. To lock the pulley it is only necessary to push

page_text: Fig 49 a front view of the shuttle complete.
Fig 50 a rear elevation.
Fig 51 a front view with the tension spring attached
Fig 52 a perspective view of the latch.
Fig 53 a view of the tension spring and screw.
Fig 54 a top view of the shell.
Referring to these figures the letter A indicates the shuttle shell, BB the
pivotted and swinging latch having the upturned flango E', thread slot 7, heel
plate D7 and transverse slot 9
C indicates the tension spring having thread slot 15, and fulcrum 6, 5
indicates the tension screw, 10 the bobbin and 11 the bobbin journal. The shell A³
is substantially cylindrical in form and has cut on its upper sido the recess 23,
Fig 54, to receive the latch and tension spring. The cutting of this recoss opens
communication 27, with the interior of the shell leaving the perpendicular
wall 18, Figs 49 and 51. The latch B Fig 47 rests directly on the shell at the
bottom of the recess 23, and the tension spring C overlies and exerts a pressure
or tension on the said latch, all being controlled and operated by the tension
screw 5. The latch B³ is constructed sufficiently strong to withstand the pressure
of the tension spring C and also the strain to which it may be subjected in the
operation of opening and closing.
The end D of the latch B' is bent downwards at right angles to which is secured
the heel plate D' having the slot 9 to receive the bobbin journal.
To uncover the end of the shuttle and thread the same, it is only necessary to
push against the thumb cut 12, in the end of the latch, Fig 50, swing it clear of the
shell As and bobbin journal. The thread unwinds from the bobbin and drops into
the groove 19, from thence extending in the direction indicated by the dotted line 1,
Fig 47, and will lie across the open latch B', back of the thread slot 7. The latch
will then be closed, the thread assuming the position as seen at Fig 48. The
respective thread slots of the latch and spring must be in a position opposite each
other i.c. the thread slot in the spring must be in the edge 22 and the thread slot
of the latch in the edge 16. A slight pull will bring the thread in the position of
2 between the flange E' of the latch B³ and the edge 22 of the tension spring C+
Fig 47, and a continuous pull, Fig 48, will carry it forward towards the point of
the shuttle until it drops into the thread slots 7 and 8 of the spring and latch
resting in the thread holes 14 and 15 of the same and assuming the position as
indicated at 3, Fig 47, which represents the shuttle threaded and ready for uso,
except that the latch is open to shew the position of the thread. Dotted line 4
Fig 48 shews the thread in position and the shuttle ready to operate.
It is not necessary when placing the bobbin into the rear end of the shuttle to
first place the thread in the groove 19, of the shell A as all that is required is to
drop the bobbin into the shuttle and hold the unwinding thread in the hand, the
close the latch which will place the thread between the latch and spring and it may
occupy any position back of the thread slot 7 of the latch as this is the first slot the
thread enters when it is being drawn into position.
The groove 19 of the shell A³ is provided in case the thread breaks while sewing
so close to the shuttle that it cannot be reached, or, between the latch and spring, so
that by opening the latch the end of the thread will drop into the groove 19, its end
projecting outside when it may be easily taken up.
The flange E of the latch Bo operates to prevent the thread escaping from the
thread slot 8, of the spring C, while the shuttle is in operation. A shuttle thus
constructed can be threaded simply by passing the thread direct from the bobbin
to the outside of the shuttle and by a slight pull in one direction the thread is

page_text: carried into the respective thread slots of the latch and spring without changing
the direction of the thread by looping over plates or projections, threading through
holes or apertures which is a tedious and vexatious operation.
The latch in opening and closing swings in a plane as indicated by the dotted
line 25, Fig 50, and the point 20 of the shuttle shell A³ being higher than this
dotted line the lower point 26 of the heel plate will spring or ride over the point
20 and drop into, and rest against, the bottom of the interior of the shell, the circle
of the beel plate fitting the same.
17 and 21 Fig 51, indicate the rear end of the back and front of the shuttle
shell A³, the front or side nearest the race being shorter than the back, creating a
recess to receive the heel plate of the latch, which fills the shell flush with the end
17 or longest point as seen at Fig 49. The perpendicular wall 18, seen more clearly
at Fig 50, supports the tension spring C+ on one edge and the flange E' on the
other, the edge 16 of the latch abutting against the wall 18 and effectually
preventing the shuttle from unthreading while in operation.
When the beel plate has dropped into the interior of the shell A³ it cannot be
accidentally removed therefrom while the shuttle is in active operation, as it will be
held down in place by the tension spring and would remain there without the
assistance of the spring as the point 26 of the heel plate as before stated is lower
than the point 20 of the shell over which it must be forced before the latch can
be opened.
The end D³ of the latch could be provided with an open slot and bearing and the
heel plate D' dispensed with, but this plan would be of no practical value as
the downward end D³ would be too frail to close over the open end of the
shell without cramping or springing. The heel plate D' operates to prevent this,
making the cover for the end of the shell firm and rigid and keeping the bearing
always in line with the bobbin journal. The tension spring C Fig 53 is tapering
to give greater elasticity at the end required for the tension and has in rear of the
screw 5, the projection or stud 6, which operates as a fulcrum this fulcrum resting
on the bottom of the recess 23, so that the spring does not come in contact with the
latch except at that part required to exert a tension on the thread, which would be
directly under the thread slot 8, of the spring.
The elasticity of the tension spring from its point of contact with the latch to
the end of the said spring is due to the position of the fulcrum 6 and the taper of
the spring.
The combination thus described produces a delicate, sensitive and uniformn tension
under all circumstances and varying size of thread.
The tension on the thread will keep the bobbin journal 11 against the end wall 13
of the bearing 9, Fig 52, thus proventing the bobbin heads from contact with tho
interior of the shuttle and causing friction.
Having thus described the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed as communication to me by my foreign correspondents,
I claim:-
First. In a sewing machine having the driving shaft journaled in the arm and
a cam placed on the said shaft the combination of a vertical oscillatory lever, the
lower end of which is connected with and operates the shuttle lever, and the upper
end is eccentrically connected with the cam on the driving shaft, so that the forward
movement of the shuttle and upward movement of the needle are timed to stop at
the same instant and to begin their reverse movement simultaneously.
Second. The combination in a sewing machine, of a lift rod operated by a cam
on the driving shaft for raising and lowering the feed, the lower end of said rod
being adjustably connected with one end of the feed lever by a screw in the end
of the feed lever, said screw being brought and held in contact with the lift rod
by spring pressure.
Third. In combination with the lift rod H adjustably connected to the feed
lever, the yoke I loosely connected with said rod and operated and controlled by
the cam situated on the driving shaft.

page_text: Fourth. In a sewing machine the lifting and feeding mechanism operating and
controlling the feed, said mechanism controlled and operated by a singlo cam placed
on the driving shaft, and the movements of the lifting and feeding mechanism
governed and operated by the same throw of the cam.
.
Fifth. The combination with a vibrating feed lever, situated below the bed and
a vertical oscillatory lover having its upper end forked to engage with the feed cam
on the driving shaft, of the feed link loosely connected to the lower end of said lever
and engaging with a friction roll situated on the vibrating feed lever, and a swinging
piston lever, one end of which is pivotted to the bed and the other end provided
with a piston engaging with the outer surface of the link and operating as a
fulcrum for the vertical oscillatory lever, whereby the movement of the feed is
effected.
Sixth. The combination of the stitch screw P, situated above the bed, and the
spring y with the swinging piston lever O adjustably connected to the link K and
having intermediate to its ends the loosely fitting nut or bushing b, transversely
situated in said lever, said bushing engaging the end of the stitch screw by means
of which the piston lever is raised and lowered and the length of the stitch is
regulated.
Seventh. The combination of the piston lever O adjustably connected to the
feed link K and the stitch screw P adjustably connected to the lever O, the
indicator Q, plate Q', pointer 6 and indicator rod R, adjustably connected to the
piston lever O, by means of which the length of stitch is accurately adjusted and
indicated.
Eighth. The combination with the needle bar, and a needle bar cam, attached
thereon, and a guido provided on the needle bar cam, of the adjustable guide bar
having threaded bushings or rings in each end, which rest on the face plate, by
means of which the bar is brought to the proper level in relation to the needle bur
cam and secured there by set screws passing through the bushings into the faco
plate.
Niuth. The combination in a sewing machine of an adjustable take up,
positively connected at one end as regards its longitudinal movement but arranged
to be moved laterally as required, and provided with an elongated transverse slot by
means of which the take up is brought in proper relation to the thread and a
screw passing through said slot to secure the take up firmly in its proper position.
Tenth. In a sewing machine the combination of the cam shaped flange J¹, the 3
take up rocker Y, stud Z, take up roll T¹ arms w³, w³, v³ and spring with the
adjustablo take up X having an elongated slot w, and pin hole pivotted to the
ping of the rocker and secured thereon by the set screw y³.
Eleventh. The combination in a sewing machine of the presser bar V having
the pin a³ situated transversely in said bar, of the guide T having transverse slots 4
or grooves to receive the pin a³, the flange m³ to engage with the lifter by means
of which the bar is raised, the adjusting screw c³ to hold the guide in position and
the spring a by means of which the guide is kept in contact with the pin a³ of the
bar, the bar arranged to be lifted out of the grooves of the guide and swing around
in any position required.
Twelfth. The combination in a sewing machine of a central support, situated
intermediate to the end bearings of the face plate, to support the needle bar aud
prevent crainping or springing thereof.
Thirteenth. In a sewing machine the combination with the presser bar of an
auxiliary lifting device by means of which the foot is temporarily raised, said 5
device situated at or near the front of the face plate within easy reach of the
operator.
Fourteenth. In a sewing machine the needle bar having a groove or slot
formed in its lower end to receive the shank of the needle, and a pivotted and
swinging latch operating within the groove and overlying the needle shank and a 5
quitable device overlying the latch and arranged to firmly grip and hold the
needle

page_text: Fifteenth. The combination with a needle bar having a groove or slot formed
in its lower end, of a pivotted and swinging latch operating therein said latch
having a shoulder or stop provided thereon to determine the height of the needle.
Sixteenth. In a sewing machine the combination with the shuttle carrier, of an
overlying vibrating tongue attached thereto, said tongue arranged to support the
shuttle and maintain its proper level in relation to the loop, and arranged to
slightly yield to the sudden jar of the face of the shuttle and recover its former
position.
Seventeenth. In a sewing machine the combination with a balance wheel
pulley loosely mounted on the driving shaft, of a flange rigidly attached thereto
and provided with a loosely sliding locking bolt one end engaging with a recess
provided in the pulley, the other end having a projecting thumb pin operating in
a slot of the flange by means of which the bolt is disengaged from the pulley and
maintained in that position, while the pulley is run independent for the purpose
of winding bobbins,
Eighteenth. The combination with a balance wheel pulley loosely mounted
on the driving shaft and a flango attached to said shaft, of a locking bolt having &
longitudinal recess formed thereon to receive the controlling spring which operates
to carry the bolt forward to lock the pulley.
Nineteenth. In a sewing machine shuttle, a shell having the rear end open to
receive the bobbin, in combination with a pivotted and swinging latch, said latch
having a thread slot formed therein, and a downward projecting cover to close the
open end of the shuttle shell, said cover having a bearing for the bobbin journal
and an open slot leading thereto.
Twentieth. The combination with the shuttle shell having its rear end open to
receive the bobbin of the pivotted and swinging latch having the thread hole 14
and slot 7 formed therein, the upturned flange E, at its outer edge, the tension
spring C, having thread hole 15 slot 8, and fulcrum pin 6, said spring overlying
the latch and arranged to exert a tension on the same.
Twenty-first. In combination with a shuttle shell a plate or latch having a
thread hole and an opening leading from the same to the edge of the said plate and
a spring overlying and exerting a tension on the said plate and having a
corresponding thread hole and slot formed therein, the respective thread slots of the
latch opening in opposite directions and so arranged in relation to each other that
the thread when placed between the latch and spring may be drawn into their
respective thread slots, and the shuttle threaded by a slight pull of the thread in
one direction without looping over catches or projections, threading through holes
or apertures in the shuttle latch or spring.
Twenty-second. The combination with the shell A having recess 23, wall 18,
and groove 19, and the pivotted and swinging latch B having the thread hole 14,
thread slot 7 screw hole 24, upturned flange E and downward projecting flange D³
having beel plate D and bearing slot 9, of the tension spring C' having thread
hole 15, thread slot 8 fulcrum 6, and tension screw 5 to connect the latch and spring
to the shuttle.
In Witness whereof I the said John Imray have hereunto set my hand and
Land One thousand night
JOHN IMRAY (L.S.)