Improvements in the Manufacture of Lamp Shades.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 11th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 13th Apr., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Lamp Shades.
BRIAN GEORGE COLEBY Umbrella Manufacturer "Hillside" 203 Upper
Richmond Road Putney Surrey do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
An invention for the protection of lamp shades constructed of silk, "China"
and paper from combustion by the introduction of a non-combustible mordant into
the dyes, which are used in staining these fabrics the fancy colours which are used
in their manufacture.
The nature of this mordant and the time of its application will be fully set
forth in the Complete Specification. Tungstate of soda & alum in a new com-
bination will be employed in the mordant of the dyes.
Dated this 10th day of April 1893.
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Lamp Shades.
I, BRIAN GEORGE COLEBY Umbrella Parasol and Lamp Shade Manufacturer
of Heathcot Marlboro' Road Putney S.W. do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
There is considerable danger to person and property by the burning of lamp
shades. These structures, although composed of such slight materials, burn for a
few moments with a determined flame, and being supported upon a wire frame
which is fitted on to the "gallery" of the lamp, they cannot easily be removed
from this structure, nor can the flame be crushed out, and in the event of the
"container" bursting the result might be most serious.
By this my invention I introduce into the silks, "Chinas," cottons and paper
materials of which these shades are composed a non-combustible composition
composed of tungstate of soda and alum. This composition goes into the niordants
and dyes which are used in the finishing of these materials, and renders them so
impervious to the action of fire that either they will not flame at all, or else they
will burn for a moment with a feeble line of light which is easily extinguished by
the most simple means.
My invention consists not only in introducing the aforesaid substances into the
materials of which the "bodies' or principal portions of which these shades are
composed; but is also applied by me to the laces, ribbons and trimmings which
are also used in the manufacture of these goods, and by this means these somewhat
dangerous structures are rendered comparatively safe.
My invention also consists not only in introducing these fire-proofing substances
into these goods, but applies particularly to the time at which its introduction to
their fabrics is to be most advantageously carried out, which I have determined
" but must go
must not be after they have been finished and received their "faces
into their manufacture with their mordants and dyes.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :
+4
1. The introducing into the materials applied to the manufacture of lamp shades
of a fire-resisting composition.
2. The invention of such a composition as can be advantageously used with
the mordants and dyes of such materials.
3. The particular time of the application of such a composition to the materials
of which lamp shades are composed.
Dated thin 11th der of Tanuar 190
BRIAN GEO. COLEBY.