IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF ICE, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Noel Mackay, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF ICE, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Noel Mackay at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th April 1880.
FREDERICK NOEL MACKAY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ICE, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED
THEREIN."
"
My Invention relates to the manufacture of blocks of ice in moulds or like
receptacles open only at the top. Refrigerating fluid is caused to circulate around
or come into contact with the exterior surface of the said moulds or receptacles.
The object is to obtain with simple apparatus clear and transparent blocks of ice
free from air bubbles or discoloration.
For this purpose I give to the water to be frozen in the moulds an alternate
rising and falling motion, substantially in the manner hereinafter set forth.
First. The mold or like receptacle is fitted with water to a higher level than
that of the refrigerating fluid which surrounds such mould or receptacle, and
rising and falling motion is given to the water in the said mould or receptacle by
means of a solid plunger or piston caused to reciprocate within the water above
the level of the refrigerating fluid.
Second. The solid piston or plunger is caused to reciprocate within the water
above and below the level of the refrigerating fluid.
Third. The piston or plunger under the above two heads operates within a
chamber or cylinder secured in position in the water above the level of the
refrigerating fluid.
Fourth. The mould or receptacle is filled to about the level of the refrigerating
fluid, and a piston or plunger is caused to reciprocate within a chamber or cylinder
secured in position in the water.
Fifth. The piston or plunger is caused to reciprocate in the water within the
mould or receptacle, which is filled to about the level of the refrigerating fluid.
A feature of my said Invention is that ornamental blocks can be frozen, and
spaces left therein for flowers or other attractive articles.
"'

page_text: the water to be refrigerated is at about the level of the brine or refrigerating fluid,
and the plunger e works in the said water to be refrigerated.
In all the above views like letters denote the same parts.
Motion is given to the plungers in any convenient manner by hand or power,
and the moulds are arranged in series, and the brine caused to circulate around
them in any desired or well known manner.
Having now described and illustrated the said Invention in such manner that
others will be enabled to carry my improvements into effect, I claim,-
First. The manufacture of ice in moulds, substantially in the manner set
forth.
Second. Agitating water in moulds for the manufacture of ice, substantially as
set forth.
Third. Agitating water in moulds by apparatus constructed and operating
substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Noel Mackay, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
"מ
AT
L
FRED. N. MACKAY. (LS.)