Improvements in or connected with Brakes for Road Vehicles.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 17th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 16th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 17th Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Brakes for Road Vehicles.
I, THOMAS GIBSON BARLOW-MASSICKS, of Millom in the County of Cumber-
land, Iron Merchant and Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention refers to brakes for road vehicles, which act or come into action
when the draught animals back on the pole, while at the same time when it is
required to "back" the vehicle the brake is or may be thrown out of action.
According to my invention, I connect the pole straps or chains (for holding back
the vehicle) to the end of a vertical lever, fulcrumed at the pole end, through a
slot in which latter it is passed; or instead of the vertical lever a pulley or sheave
may be inserted in the slot of the pole. To the lower or depending arm of the
vertical lever below the fulcrum I attach a steel wire or other rope, cord, or strap.
This cord passes backwards beneath the pole, and beneath the king-bolt of the
fore-carriage, being guided in suitable guides, and beneath the carriage body to a
pulley on the rear axle, and passing round same, returns to a lever on the brake
shaft (or the cord may go direct to the brake shaft lever), and in such manner (as
hereafter described) that when the animals pull back on the pole chain, the brake
is applied to the rear wheels, and the greater the backward pull, the more the
brakes are applied. In order to accomplish this result, I provide means whereby
the brake is always ready for action as soon as the animals pull on the pole chains
and this may, for example, be accomplished by interposing a pulley, over which
the brake chain passes, say, between the king-bolt and the rear axle, the pulley
being operated by a treadle under the control of the driver, so that, for example,
by permanently keeping the treadle down, the brakes are applied when the animals
back, and vice versa, when the treadle is permanently raised, the effect of the
backing of the animals will in no way act on the brake block.
;
With the object as aforesaid of rendering the brake operative or not as desired,
I leave a slackness in the back cord between the king-bolt guide and the pulley of
the back wheel axle, and it is at this slack part that the before mentioned adjustable
pulley (over or under which the cord passes), is situated. This pulley is or may be
carried by a depending guided arm in connection with a treadle lever. By this
device, when the brake is in action, the slackness of the cord is taken up by the
pulley, while when thrown out of action by the treadle, the cord is left slack, and
the brake does not act. Provision is made for keeping the treadle down and for
releasing it when desired.
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--. 1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Brakes for Road Vehicles.
1, THOMAS GIBSON BARLOW-MASSICKS, of Millom, in the County of Cumber-
land, Iron Merchant and Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention refers to brakes for road vehicles, which act or come into action

page_text: when the draught animals back on the pole, while at the same time when it is
required to "back" the vehicle, the brake is or may be thrown out of action.
The application of my invention will be readily understood by the following
description referring to the accompanying drawing, on which is shown so much of
a pair horse carriage as will be necessary to illustrate the application of my improved
brake apparatus thereto.
According to my invention 1 connect the pole straps or chains A (for holding
back the vehicles) to the end of a lever B, fulcrumed at B' in the end of the pole C,
through a slot in which latter the lever B is passed, the extent of motion of the
lever B around its fulcrum, being limited according to circumstances by, for
example, the length of the slot. To the lower or depending arm of the said vertical
lever B, and below the fulcrum, I attach a steel wire or other rope, cord, or strap D.
This cord D passes backwards through suitable guides beneath the pole C, under a
pulley E, beneath the king-bolt of the fore-carriage, and beneath the carriage
body to a pulley F on the rear axle F¹, and passing round the pulley returns
and is fixed to the end of a lever G on the brake shaft G' or the cord may go
direct to the brake shaft lever, and in such manner (as hereafter described) that
when the animals pull back on the pole chains or straps A, the brake or brake
blocks H are applied to the rear wheels J, and the greater the backward pull, the
more the brakes are applied. H' is a spring to take off the brake blocks from the
wheels. The brake is thus normally ready for action, and is operated as soon as
the animals pull on the pole chains, yet it may be rendered inoperative when
desired to allow the vehicle to be backed or for other purposes. This I effect
by interposing a pulley K, over which the brake chain D passes, say, between the
king-bolt and the rear axle F¹, the pulley K being operated by a treadle under the
control of the driver; in the drawing, the pulley K is carried by a guided rod K',
the upper end being connected to a lever L, the opposite arm of the latter forming
the treadle M.
"
I leave a slackness in the cord D between the king-bolt guide E and the pulley F
of the back wheel axle F', and it is at this slack part that the before mentioned
adjustable pulley K (over which the cord passes) is situated. By this device, when
the brake is in action, the slackness of the cord D is taken up by the pulley K,
while when the position of the pulley is changed, the cord is left slack, and the
brake does not act, so that by permanently keeping the treadle M down, the brakes
will be applied when the animals back, and vice versa, when the treadle is raised,
the effect of the backing of the animals will in no way act on the brake block H.
Suitable provision should be made for keeping the treadle M down and for
releasing it when desired, and I have shown on the drawing a hinged catch M₁
for the purpose, although I do not limit myself to any particular form of catch.
In some cases instead of the cord D passing over the pulley K as shown, it may
pass beneath the said pulley K and above the adjacent pulleys or guides on either
side thereof, the effect of this arrangement being to reverse the before described
action so that when the guide or pulley K is raised, the brake is thrown out of
action and is thrown into action again by the depression of the guide K.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :
1. In brakes for road vehicles, brought into action by the backward pull of the
draught animals acting through the pole chains, a lever B on the pole and a cord
to the brake lever, the combination therewith of a guide K through which the
cord D passes, and mechanism for governing the position of the guide K, whereby
the cord D may be allowed to become slack, and the brake inoperative, or taut and
the brake operative substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. In brakes for road vehicles, brought into action by the backward pull of the
draught animals, the combination of a two armed lever B fulcrumed in a slot in
the forward end of the pole C, the pole chains or straps A, secured to the upper

page_text: arm of the lever B and rocking the latter on the backing of the animals, a cord or
chain D from the lower arm of the lever B to an arm G on the brake shaft G' for
communicating the motion of the lever B to the brake shaft, a pulley or guide K
through or over which the cord D passes, for gathering the slack of the cord D,
and treadle mechanism for operating the guide K whereby when the cord D is held
taut, the brake will be acted upon by the backing of the animals, and when allowed
to become slack, the brake will not be applied substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described.
3. The general arrangement and combination of parts composing my improve-
ments in or connected with brakes for road vehicles all constructed and acting
substantially as described and illustrated with reference to the accompanying
drawing.
Dated this 15th
BREWER & SON,
London and Leeds, Agents for Applicant.