IMPROVEMENTS IN DRYING APPARATUS AND COMBINED DRYING AND COMPRESSING APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF GRAIN HOPS, THE RESIDUES OF MANUFACTURES AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1885

page_text: PPUED
но
UL aralu
Hops, the Residues of Manufactures, and other Substances.
I, THOMAS RICHARD SHILLITO of 89 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
DRYING APPARATUS AND COMBINED DRYING AND COMPRESSING APPARATUS FOR
THE TREATMENT OF GRAIN HOPS, THE RESIDUES OF MANUFACTURES AND OTHER
SUBSTANCES a communication to me from abroad by Max Hecking of Dortmund
in the German Empire, Engineer, to be as follows:-
+
"
The apparatus of this invention consists of a vessel formed of three hollow
cylindrical or semi cylindrical or trough shaped parts with closed ends. When
the said parts are semi cylindrical or trough shaped an upper removable cover is
provided so as in all cases to form an inner hollow cylinder and two separate
spaces concentric thereto, which two latter spaces are provided with division plates
or circulating plates. The vessel so formed is provided with an agitator which
revolves within the same. Steam or hot air is conducted into the space formed
outside the inner cylinder through each of the divisions formed therein, finally
passing through agitator from which it is discharged at one of its ends. The
second or outer separate space is supplied with air which becomes heated in its
passage along the several divisions formed by the circulating plates and in this
heated state is conducted into the inner cylinder. The material to be dried is fed
into the hollow cylinder through a hopper and passes gradually from one end of
the steam and air heated cylinder to the other having in its course been turned
over and heated by the heated agitator. The agitator itself may be so formed as
to expel the dried material from the cylinder, or an endless screw may be provided
for the purpose at one end of the same.
When it is desired to feed the material to be dried automatically into the
apparatus a machine somewhat similar in form and action to a steam engine is
611....מ

page_text: combined therewith, the material to be dried being supplied through a hopper into
a hollow cylinder in which a piston driven at a varying velocity by elliptic or cam
like toothed wheels moving backwards and forwards acts upon the said material so
as to force a certain determined quantity of the same into the apparatus at every
stroke. Between the cylinder of the feeding apparatus and the drying cylinder is
a perforated passage or chamber fitted with a pressing plate operated by a screw
for the purpose of forcing excessive moisture out of the material to be dried, or
the said material when of an excessively moist nature may be forced by the piston
of the feeding apparatus through a gradually tapering passage for the purpose of
extracting any excess of moisture.

page_text: and Compressing Apparatus for the Treatment of Grain,
Hops, the Residues of Manufactures, and other Substances.
I, THOMAS RICHARD SHILLITO of 89 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of said invention for " IMPROVEMENTS
AND
IN DRYING APPARATUS AND IN COMBINED DRYING AND COMPRESSING APPARATUS
FOR THE TREATMENT OF GRAIN, HOPS, THE RESIDUES OF MANUFACTURES
OTHER SUBSTANCES a. communication. to me from abroad by Max Hecking of
Dortmund, in the German Empire, Engineer, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The apparatus of this invention is represented in the accompanying drawing,
Fig. 1 being a longitudinal sectional elevation of the same; Fig. 2 a cross section
through line A. B of Figs. 1 and 3; Fig. 3 a sectional plan; Fig. 4 a view of the
feed end of the apparatus with the exterior portion removed, and Figs. 5, 6 and 7
views of details.
3
A is a hollow cylinder, A¹, A¹¹ semi cylinders, B cover made of a material of low
heat conducting power. Each of the two semi cylinders is divided lengthwise by
means of division or circulating plates x having communicating openings at their
ends so as to form in each of the said semi cylinders A¹ A1, a zigzag passage f¹ƒ³, ƒ³,
and 1, 2, 3 respectively, or instead of zigzag such passage may be spiral or
concentric in form, the object being to increase the circulation of the steam or hot
air. The aforesaid parts form a vessel within which an agitator t is caused to
revolve carried in suitable end bearings. The vessel is heated by steam or hot air,
or it may be by one of these. Steam or hot air enters at D passes through the
zigzag passage f¹, ƒ³, ƒ³, leaving at e to pass through the agitator t finally leaving
the apparatus through the pipe E. The circulation of the steam or hot air may
also take place in the reverse order. Air supplied by any suitable apparatus enters
the passage i, 2, 3, of the semi cylinder A¹ at L, becomes heated in passing along
the same and leaving at k passes through the cylinder A finally leaving it through
the pipe H. Any water arising from condensation is discharged through D¹, D¹¹.
The agitator has fixed to it a considerable number of shovelling plates n. The
agitator thus formed raises the material to be dried and allows it to slowly fall
again over its heated surface. The gradual passage of the material towards and
out of the discharge opening M is effected automatically by the distributing action
of the shovelling plates over the bottom of the cylinder. This object may be
more fully attained by the provision of an endless screw arrangement at the
discharge end as indicated at p. W are ribs or plates fixed to the agitator; by
reason of their more or less inclined position they communicate to the material a
variable movement towards the discharge opening M. This object is further
facilitated by the ribs or projections V formed in the agitator frame by compression
or otherwise,

page_text: The material to be treated may be supplied to the apparatus through the
hopper h.
The agitator t may be of a form different to that shewn in Fig. 2 which is
triangular in cross section. Fig. 5 shews one of many alternative forms.
In the event of it being desirable to feed the apparatus with material. auto-
matically use is made of a machine such as is shewn annexed to the feed end of
the apparatus in Fig. 1 and in detail in Figs. 6 and 7. In form and action it is
somewhat similar to a steam engine. The material to be dried is supplied through
a hopper or mouth o into a hollow cylinder k in which a piston k¹ moved backwards
and forwards by power communicated from the bell pulley z through the
wheels 21, 2 crank disc K and connecting rod p. At each stroke of the piston a
certain quantity of the material to be dried falls into the cylinder k through the
aperture of the hopper, or mouth o when it is forced either direct into the drying
apparatus, or when it is so moist as to render it desirable first to express moisture
therefrom, then in the first place, through a perforated taper passage or chamber b.
The taper form may be given by a wedge a (Figs. 6 and 7) or by mounting one or
more of the sides g of the passage or chamber b so as to be adjustable by a screw
(or screws) 8, B being the joint by which the plate g is connected to the cylinder k.
Thus the pressure to which the material is to be subjected may be regulated by
the more or less taper form to which the passage or chamber is adjusted.. The
toothed wheels 21 21 are elliptic or irregular in form their conjoint action being
such as to communicate to the piston k¹ a varying velocity, causing it to exert its
pressure more slowly when in the outward or pressing portion of its stroke.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed; I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In drying apparatus, the use of an inner rotary agitator with three or more
flat or inwardly curved sides for the purpose specified, substantially as described
and illustrated.
2. In drying apparatus the means for the circulation of steam and hot air for
the purpose specified substantially as described and illustrated.
3. The combined feed and compressing apparatus for drying apparatus sub-
stantially as described and illustrated.
4. The application of elliptic, cam, or irregularly shaped toothed wheels in
combination with the feed and compressing apparatus by which a variable speed
is communicated to the piston of the feed and compressing apparatus, substantially
as described and illustrated.
}