IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOL HOLDERS AND TOOLS USED FOR PLANING, TURNING, OR SHAPING IRON, WOOD, OR OTHER MATE- RIALS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Dubois, of Williamsport, Pennsylvania, but at
present at the Patent Office, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lan-
caster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOL HOLDERS AND TOOLS
USED FOR PLANING, TURNING, OR SHAPING IRON, WOOD, OR OTHER MATE-
RIALS." Partly a communication from abroad by Edward F. Beugler, o
Williamsport, Pennsylvania.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Dubois at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st July 1877.
"
JOHN DUBOIS, of Williamsport, Pennsylvania, but at present at the Patent Office,
6, Lord Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOL
HOLDERS AND TOOLS USED FOR PLANING, TURNING, OR SHAPING IRON, WOOD,
OR OTHER MATERIALS." Partly a communication from abroad by Edward F.
Beugler, of Williamsport, Pennsylvania.
Tool holders as ordinarily constructed are very expensive, and the cutters held
very insecurely.
My Invention is designed,-
1st. To form a simple cheap tool holder.
And, 2nd. A tool that does not require a smith's attention, except perhaps for
tempering, till entirely done for.
It consists,-
1st. In a tool holder, consisting of a stout shank of steel or other material, with
a projecting socket at the end holding the curved cutter in a slot. Above the tool
in the slot I place a saddle block or plug, and press this tight against the tool by a
set screw. The socket is variously shaped to suit different purposes, and the slot
may sometimes, especially when the tool is required for trimming shaft ends and
IPico 6.71

page_text: such like articles, be a dovetailed curved slot on the side, instead of running through
the centre of the socket.
2ud. As it is only the cutting edge of a tool that is used, the rest being merely to
hold and strengthen it, I sometimes construct the cutter of a thin strip of steel
placed between a stout backing, curved and bevelled off to the same shape, and a
saddle block above projecting nearly to the edge of the tool, but with sufficient
clearance to allow the turnings to clear. Then the thin strip merely has to be
ground when worn, and adjusted something like the cutter of a hand plane. The
saddle can be of almost any form, and in some cases is simply a plug to take the
pressure of the set screw on a larger wearing surface. In other cases it forms the
entire upper part of the socket or groove. This latter is more especially the case
when a dovetailed groove is used, the saddle in that case being simply screwed
on to the holder by one or more screws, and protected, if necessary, by side flanges
from moving.
Of course I do not bind myself to the use of screws; any other mechanical equiva-
lent, such, for instance, as a wedge, will do equally well.
The curvature of the tool has two important advantages over any straight tool;
the front or cutting end is elevated, so as to give it a cutting instead of a scraping edge,
and enables the operation to keep it in order by grinding it on its extreme cutting
end, without changing its position to the work it is applied to until the tool is
worn out, and elevates the rear end, so as to clear the bed on which it is secured on
the lathe.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Dubois in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th January
1878.
"
JOHN DUBOIS, of Williamsport, Pennsylvania, but at present at the Patent Office,
6, Lord Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOL
HOLDERS AND TOOLS USED FOR PLANING, TURNING, OR SHAPING IRON, WOOD,
OR OTHER MATERIALS." (Partly a communication from abroad by Edward F..
Beugler, of Williamsport, Pennsylvania.)
Tool holders as ordinarily constructed are equally expensive, and only admit of a
short heavy tool, which requires a great amount of metal to be ground away to
keep them in order, and a large proportion of the tool to be thrown in the scrap
pile when too short for use; while in my case the holder is less expensive and
admits of a long slender tool requiring but little metal to be ground away to keep
it in order, and admits of a long tool, and comparatively a small proportion to be
thrown in the scrap pile when too short for use.
My Invention is designed,-
1st. To form a simple cheap tool holder.
And, 2nd. A tool that does not require a smith's attention, except perhaps for
tempering, till entirely done for.
It consists,-
1st. In a tool holder, consisting of a stout shank of steel or other material, with
a projecting socket at the end holding the curved cutter in a slot. Above the tool
in the slot I place a saddle block or plug and press this tight against the tool by a
set screw. The socket is variously shaped to suit different purposes, and the slot
may sometimes (especially when the tool is required for trimming shaft ends and
such like articles) be a dovetailed curved slot on the side, instead of running through
the centre of the socket.
2nd. As it is only the cutting edge of a tool that is used, the rest being merely to
hold and strengthen it, I sometimes construct the cutter of a thin strip of steel
placed between a stout backing, curved and bevelled off to the same shape, and a
saddle block above projecting nearly to the edge of the tool, but with sufficient
clearance to allow the turnings to clear. Then the thin strip merely has to be
ground when worn, and adjusted something like the cutter of a hand plane. The
saddle can be of almost any form, and in some cases is simply a plug to take the
pressure of the set screw on a larger wearing surface. In other cases it forms the
entire upper part of the socket or groove. This latter is more especially the case
when a dovetailed groove is used, the saddle in that case being simply screwed on
to the holder by one or more screws, and protected, if necessary, by side flanges
from moving.
Of course I do not bind myself to the use of screws; any other mechanical equiva-
lent, such, for instance, as wedge, will do equally well.
The curvature of the tool has two important advantages over any straight tool;
the front or cutting end is elevated, so as to give it a cutting instead of a scraping
edge, and enables the operator to keep it in order by grinding it on its extreme
cutting end without changing its position to the work it is applied to until the
tool is worn out, and elevates the rear end so as to clear the bed on which it is
secured on the lathe. The tool being bent to shape it has its grain in the direction
of the strain.
In order more clearly to describe my Invention I have annexed the accompany-
ing Drawings.
In these Figures 1 and 2 show the simplest form of tool and holder.
Figures 3, 4, and 5, another arrangement, specially adapted for trimming
shaft ends.
Figures 60 10 and 11 a third farm

page_text: In these A is the shank; A¹, the head of the tool holder; B, tools; C, set screw
for holding it in place; D, saddle block between the set screw and tool, giving
greater bearing surface and holding the tool tightly compressed in its place; E, stout
loose backing placed beneath the tool to support it, give it an even bearing, and
keep it from springing.
Having now described my Invention, and the best modes known to me of
carrying it into effect, I wish it to be understood that what I believe to be new
and claim under the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,―
1st. The combination of a tool holder, composed of a stout shank and socketted
head or their mechanical equivalents, with a curved tool, substantially as and for
the purposes described.
2nd. The combination with a tool holder of a curved tool of thin steel or other
cutting material, well supported by a portion of the tool holder, or by a detached
block or blocks, in combination with a tool holder, and held securely by a screw or
its mechanical equivalent.
3rd. The construction of tools for cutting metals composed of a thin curved strip
of steel forming the cutting edge prevented from springing by being well
supported to within a short distance of the end by a portion or portions of
the tool holder, or by a detached block or blocks fitting into or attached to the
holder.
4th. The general arrangement of tool holder and tool, substantially as described
and shown, or any mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Dubois, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Nineteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness,
W. P. THOMPSON,
British and Foreign Patent Agent,
6, Lord Street,
Liverpool.
JOHN DUBOIS. (L.S.)