AN IMPROVED PRESS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF THE LIQUID CONSTITUENTS OF FRUITS AND OTHER VEGETABLE MATTERS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan, F.C.S., of
67, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for
the Invention of "AN IMPROVED PRESS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF THE
LIQUID CONSTITUENTS OF FRUITS AND OTHER VEGETABLE MATTERS." —A
communication from abroad by Alphonse Blot, residing at Paris, in
the Republic of France.
'
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Primerose
Howard Vaughan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with his Pétition, on the 4th January 1875.
I, EDWARD PRIMEROSE HOWARD VAUGHAN, F.C.S., of 67, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PRESS FOR THE EXTRACTION
OF THE LIQUID CONSTITUENTS OF FRUITS AND OTHER VEGETABLE MATTERS,".
being a communication to me from abroad by Alphonse Blot, residing
at Paris, in the Republic of France, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in an improved press, by means of which the
juice or other liquid constituents of grapes, apples, pears, beetroot, and

page_text: other vegetable products may be extracted more completely and readily
than by the apparatus hitherto used for that purpose.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a vertical section of this
improved press; Figure 2 is an end view of the same; Figure 3 shows a
portion of the outer skeleton casing.
a is a metallic casing set on a frame or support b, b, and perforated, as
in c, c, c, (Fig. 3) for the escape of the liquids. In this casing are set
three archimedian screws d, d', d", mounted on the shafts e, e¹, e¹¹, the
lower ends of which are prolonged through the bottom a², and the upper
ends through the top plate f; 9, 9, 9", are cog wheels keyed on the
upper extremities of these shafts; h is a strong iron spindle threaded over
the top half of its length, which works in a tapped collar i in the bow j,
The lower
the free ends of which are secured to the outer casing a.
extremity of this spindle / revolves freely in the centre of the plate f
under which it is provided with a nut f¹; 1 is a toothed wheel, on which
is set the snail l' operated by the screw m set on the shaft n, which in
its turn is operated by the crank n¹, or other equivalent mechanism.
The wheel and its pinion are mounted loosely on the spindle h.
The rotation of the shaft n communicates its movement in the same
direction to the three screws d, d¹, d", the pitch of which is progressively
reduced from bottom to top, as shown in Figure 1. The materials to be
treated, fed by the hopper o, pass between the surfaces of the screws, and
are propelled upwards through the constantly narrowing spaces formed
by the progressive reduction of the pitch, the solid residues being
ejected at the upper end of the apparatus, while the liquid products
escaping by the orifices c, c, c, are carried by a conduit p to the
reservoir q.
When desired to moderate the pressure the highest or closest set
blades of the screws are withdrawn from the casing a by means of the

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 3rd July 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
PRIMEROSE HOWARD VAUGHAN, F.C.S., of 67, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan, Her
special licence that I, the said Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED PRESS FOR THE EXTRACTION
OF THE LIQUID CONSTITUENTS OF FRUITS AND OTHER VEGETABLE MATTERS," a
communication to me from abroad by Alphonse Blot, residing at Paris,
in the Republic of France, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,"
the said Edward Primerose Howard Vaughan, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Primerose Howard
Vaughan, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the annexed Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say :-
This Invention consists in an improved press, by means of which the
juice or other liquid constituents of grapes, apples, pears, beetroot, and

page_text: other vegetable products may be extracted more completely and readily
than by the apparatus hitherto used for that purpose.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, of the accompanying Drawings, is a vertical
section of this improved press; Figure 2 is an end view of the same;
Figure 3 shews a portion of the outer skeleton casing.
a is a metallic casing set on a frame or support b, b, and perforated,
as in c, c, c, (Figure 3) for the escape of the liquids. In this casing aré
set three archimedian screws d, d¹, d, mounted on the shafts c, e¹, e¹¹,
the lower ends of which are prolonged through the bottom a', and the
upper ends through the top plate f; 9, 9', 9", are cog wheels keyed on
the upper extremities of these shafts; ½ is a strong iron spindle threaded
over the top half of its length, which works in a tapped collar i in the
bow j, the free ends of which are secured to the outer casing a. The
lower extremity of this spindle / revolves freely in the centre of the
plate f, under which it is provided with a nut f¹; is a toothed wheel,
on which is set the snail operated by the screw m set on the shaft n;
which in its turn is operated by the crank n¹ or other equivalent
mechanism. The wheel and its pinion are mounted loosely on the
spindle h. The rotation of the shaft n communicates its movement in the
same direction to the three screws d, d¹, d¹¹, the pitch of which is pro-
gressively reduced from bottom to top, as shown in Figure 1. The
materials to be treated fed by the hopper o pass between the surfaces of
the screws, and are propelled upwards through the constantly narrowing
spaces formed by the progressive reduction of the pitch, the solid
residues being ejected at the upper end of the apparatus, while the liquid
products escaping by the orifices c, c, c, are carried by a conduit p to
the reservoir q.
When desired to moderate the pressure the highest or closest set of
blades of the screws are withrawn from the casing a by means of the
hand gear acting on the screwed spindle h.
The general details of proportion and constructing of the apparatus,
as also the number and pitch of the screw blades, may be varied
according to circumstances, as will be seen in Sheet 2, which represents
a modification of the arrangement above described.
In this Sheet Figure 1 is a vertical section of the skeleton casing,
'from which one of the screws is removed to show more clearly the
internal arrangements; Figure 2 is an upper end view of the same;

page_text: Figure 3 is a vertical section of the apparatus through the line A, B,
Figure 1; Figure 4 is a top view of the collar.
a is the perforated casing in wood or metal; b, b, the frame; d, d², d",
the screws with their shafts e, e², e", prolonged through a moveable
bottom a¹, in which they revolve freely, and beyond which they are
secured by nuts a, a". This moveable bottom corresponds in shape
with the inside of the casing, in which it moves upwards or downwards
with the screws when required to vary the pressure of the latter on the
material under treatment. f¹ is the top plate; ff, the guides; j, j, the
collar. Near the ends of the shafts e, e¹, e¹¹, and below the plate f¹, are
set the cog wheels g, g', g¹¹, mounted on the last blade of each screw.
¹ is an endless screw acting on the wheel 1, which is keyed to the
shaft e of the screw d. On this shaft e is set the wheel g, which gears
with the two other wheels g¹, g", of the screws d', d". On turning the
crank the endless screw and gearing 9, g³, g¹¹, communicate the
rotary movement to the screws d, d', du, in the direction of the incli-
nation of their blades or wings, between which the materials to be
treated pass from bottom to top of the apparatus, as already described.
When required to withdraw the mechanism from its casing for
cleaning or repairs the spindle is screwed home, its maintaining nut
is removed, and the collar jis tilted back on its trunnions m, m, thus
allowing the screws to be removed together without dismounting.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I declare that what I claim
and desire to protect by Letters Patent is, an improved apparatus for
extracting the liquid constituents of grapes, apples, pears, beetroot, and
other vegetable products, in which the pressure is effected by a com-
bination of archimedian screws, constructed, arranged, and operated
substantially as herein set forth, and shown in the Figures of the accom-
panying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Primerose Howard
Vaughan, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Third
day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred