Improvements in Apparatus for Pumping, Raising, or Forcing Fluids.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 12th May, 1892-Accepted, 18th June. 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Pumping, Raising, or Forcing
Fluids.
I, ARCHIBALD BRUCE, of 67 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Plumber,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
29
This invention relates to an apparatus or pump for raising or forcing fluids.
The apparatus consists of a cylinder wherein works a piston or plunger. The
top of the cylinder communicates, by a branch, with two valves, one an outlet and
the other an inlet valve. Likewise the bottom of the cylinder communicates, by a
snifting
branch, with outlet and inlet valves. The valves may be "
or other
suitable form of valves. The two eduction valves may be connected, either
separately or conjointly, with a delivery nozzle or pipe. The two induction valves
may be connected with one another and with the inlet or supply branch. The
valves are so arranged, that, when one of the induction valves is open, the
other one is closed, whilst its neighbouring eduction valve is open, and
vice versa.
The piston can be operated by a lever or other handle, or by a wheel and
crank, or otherwise. If a lever handle is used, the handle may be made
extensible.
T
With this apparatus, when pumping fluids, such as water or air, the discharge is
continuous, as the pump is double acting, i.e., it draws in fluid at the down stroke
from the inlet valve at the upper end while expelling fluid, drawn in at the up
stroke, from the lower eduction valve. Likewise, at the up stroke, fluid is
drawn in at the lower induction valve and expelled at the upper eduction
valve.
When it is desired to pump air, the two induction valves may be disconnected,
whereas when it is desired to pump liquids, a coupling pipe may be joined to the
valves and to the source of liquid supply.
The pump may be found very useful in public houses as an auxiliary to the beer
engines, as it can be utilized to pump or raise beer or whisky when the engine is
out of order or cannot be supplied with water.
1
1001
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Pumping, Raising, or Forcing
Fluids.
I, ARCHIBALD BRUCE, of 67 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, Lanarkshire.
Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
This invention relates to an apparatus or pump for raising or forcing fluids.
The apparatus consists of a cylinder, wherein works a piston or plunger. The
top of the cylinder communicates, by a branch, with two valves. one an outlet and
the other an inlet valve. Likewise the bottom of the cylinder communicates, by.
27 or other
a branch, with outlet and inlet valves. The valves may be "snifting
suitable form of valves. The two eduction valves may be connected, either
separately or conjointly, with.a delivery, nozzle-or pipe. The two induction valves

page_text: may be connected with one another and with the inlet or supply branch. The
valves are
so arranged, that, when one of the induction valves is open, the
other one is closed, whilst its neighbouring eduction valve is open, and vice versa.
The piston can be operated by a lever or other handle, or by a wheel and
crank, or otherwise. If a lever handle is used, the handle may be made
extensible.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood, I have here-
unto appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, whereon:-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the pump with its valves.
Fig. 2 is a part vertical section of the pump.
Fig. 3 is a section of the valve arrangement, to an enlarged scale.
Fig. 4 shows in side view and Fig. 5 in front view, an arrangement for driving
the pump by means of a wheel and handle.
Referring to the drawings whereon the same reference letters, wherever repeated,
indicate similar or like parts:
a is a cylinder, which is fitted to the counter or other suitable place. In the
cylinder works a piston c, to which is fitted a piston rod d, which latter passes
through a stuffing box e on the top of the cylinder and also through a guide
bracket secured to the counter. Pinned to the piston rod, is the usual forked
link, which may be actuated in a reciprocatory manner by the ordinary draw
handle h, as used for beer pumps. Fitted at the upper end of the cylinder a, is
a branch pipe i, having on it two valves j, k, which may be "snifting" valves, as
shown at Fig. 3, or may be of any other suitable construction. The valvej is an
inlet valve and the valve k an outlet valve. j, are the valve seats. q is a
passage way, communicating between the valves. are removable screw plugs,
fitted in the valve casings, for the purpose of enabling the valves to be easily
inspected and repaired. Fitted at the lower end of the cylinder is a branch pipe p,
fitted with valves and m, of a construction similar to those at Fig. 3. 7 is the
inlet valve and m the outlet valve. t is a pipe, connecting together the branches t', t,
from the outlet valves k, m; the pipe leads to the place where the fluid is to be
used. u is a pipe, connecting the branches u', u', from the inlet valves j, 7. The
pipes t and u are shown in dotted lines.
In Figs. 4 and 5, a wheel v, with a handle w, is shown as being connected
to the forked link g, for the purpose of driving the pump. In this case, the forked
link
9, may, as shown, be secured at its upper end to the handle w.
With this apparatus, when pumping Huids, such as water, beer, or air, its
discharge is continuous, as the pump is double acting, i.e. it draws in fluid at the
down stroke of the piston c, through the inlet valve j at the upper end of the
cylinder while expelling fluid, drawn into the cylinder at the previous upstroke,
from the lower eduction valve m. Likewise at the return upstroke, fluid is drawn
in at the lower induction valve and expelled through the upper eduction valve k.
As will be seen, at each upstroke of the piston a suction is created below the
piston c and also in the branch p, consequently the valve is lifted upwards off its
seat, so as to admit fluid whilst the valve m is drawn or sucked tightly down on to
its seat.
At the same time, any fluid in the cylinder above the piston c is forced
out through the branch i at the upper end of the cylinder, and lifts up the valve k,
so as to allow the fluid to escape by the pipe t. The pressure of the fluid in the
interior of the valve casing closes the valve; tight against its seat. At the down-
stroke of the piston c, the action of each pair of valves is reversed, the upper
valvej being now opened to admit fluid to the cylinder, whilst the lower valve is
closed, and the upper valve k is now closed against the exit of fluid, whilst the
lower valve m is opened to allow fluid in the cylinder, at the under side of the
piston, to escape.
When it is desired to pump air, the two induction valves j, l, may be
disconnected, whereas, when it is desired to pump liquids, the coupling pipe w
may be joined to the valves and to the source of liquid supply.
When air is being pumped, to lubricate the piston c, the lower part of the

page_text: cylinder and the cylinder covers, may be filled with oil (see Fig. 2). The oil
is below the level of the branch pipe p.
The pump may be found very useful in public houses, as an auxiliary to the
beer engines, as it can be utilized to pump or raise beer or whisky, when the engine
is out of order, or cannot be supplied with water.
When forcing beer, the air from the pump may be collected in a reservoir, from
which it is drawn off to the barrels at a reduced pressure. To reduce the pressure,.
a reducing valve is fitted on the reservoir.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
An apparatus for pumping, raising, or forcing fluids, constructed and operating,
substantially as hereinbefore described, with reference to the drawings annexed.
Dated this 11th day of May 1892.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.