Improvements in Oil Lamps.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Jun, 1896-Accepted, 22nd Aug.. 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil Lamps.
We FREDERICK JONES DUGGAN and CHARLES ISAAC, trading together as
Duggan and Isaac, Lamp and Stove Manufacturers, at Columbia Works, Elbroad
Street in the City and County of Bristol do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to improvements in oil lamps both for illuminating and
heating purposes, and consists:-Firstly, Of improvements in the construction of
such lamps for the prevention of accidents arising from the upsetting of same, or
the lighted wick coming in contact with the oil in or from, or the gases (if any)
generated in the reservoir. Secondly Of an improved feeder screw cap for such
lamps as are fed or charged other than by the removal of the burner, such caps
being provided with suitable valves for supplying the necessary air to the reservoir
when in use the same automatically closing should the perpendicularity of the lamp
be displaced. Thirdly-Of the application of the principle of the construction of
the said caps to the burners of such lamps as may be charged by the removal of
the burner, in combination with an improved funnel, for use in charging such
lamps, and Fourthly Of an improved method of and means for extinguishing such
lamps, with several modifications of construction by which this may be effected by
hand or automatically should the lamp be upset accidentally.
In order that our said invention and the several parts constituting the same, and
the manner in which these are carried into effect may be fully and clearly
understood we have hereunto appended three sheets of drawings of which
Fig. 1 Sheet 1 is a vertical section of a lamp for illuminating purposes,
illustrating one method of construction according to our invention in which the
burner is fed with oil by capillary attraction.
Figs. 2 and 3 are views partly in section illustrating two positions of our
improved automatic ventilating feeder screw cap, for the reservoirs of such and
other lamps, as are charged without removing the burner.
Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but illustrating the application of the
principle of Figs. 2 and 3 to such lamps as are charged by the removal of the
burner.
Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are front elevation, side elevation, and plan respectively, of an
improved funnel for facilitating the feed of such a lamp as Fig. 4.
Figs. 8 and 9 are sections upon the lines A B and C D respectively of Fig. 1.
Fig. 10 is a section, while Fig. 11 is a top plan view of the lower part of
Figs. 1 and 4, illustrating an alternative method of construction hereinafter
explained.
Fig. 12 is a vertical section of the upper end of the wick tube of a lamp,
provided with shutters according to our invention, for automatically (by gravity
alone) extinguishing the burner, should the lamp be tilted from the vertical in
either of two ways as illustrated by Figs. 13 and 14, Fig. 15 being a perspective
view of one of the said shutters.
Figs. 16, 17 and 18 Sheet 2 are enlarged plan views of the upper end of the
single wick tube of such a lamp, illustrating the uses of a sliding plate for auto-
matically operating the shutters Fig. 15, should the lamp be tilted from the
vertical in a direction at right angles to that shewn by Figs. 13 and 14, the said
plates being also adaptable for extinguishing the lamp by hand as hereinafter

page_text: explained, Fig. 19 is a section of such a plate illustrating its operation upon the
shutters.
Fig. 20 is a like view of such a plate as applied to a duplex or two wicked
lamp.
Fig. 21 is a view substantially the same as Fig. 12, but illustrating a method of
arranging the shutters, by which these may be automatically operated by arms and
a weight, when the lamp is tilted as at Figs. 22 or 23, Figs. 24 and 25 being end
and side elevation respectively of the said arms and weight, Figs. 26 and 27 being
a similar but alternative device.
Fig. 28 is a plan view of the burner of a lamp in which both the devices Figs. 24
and 25, and Figs. 26 and 27 are employed, the latter in lieu of the plates in
Figs. 16, 17 and 18.
Fig. 29 is a vertical section of a central draught lamp in which means are
provided for extinguishing this by hand by the use of a rod and lever as at Fig. 30,
which is a section upon the line E F Fig. 29, or automatically by a weighted lever
such as Fig. 31, to be hereinafter explained.
Figs. 32 and 33 are sections of a portion of the tube of lamps such as Figs. 1
and 4 provided with a device for admitting oil or ventilation into the wick tube
while the lamp is vertical as at Fig. 32, and for automatically closing same if tilted
as at Fig. 33.
Figs. 34 to 37 illustrate another method of automatically extinguishing a lamp
hereinafter explained.
Referring to Fig. 1 which is a section of a lamp constructed to prevent or
minimise the flow of oil from the reservoir to the burner should the perpendicularity
of the lamp be accidentally displaced, we carry this portion of our invention into
effect, by connecting to the lower portion of the burner of an ordinary petroleum
lamp, or such part thereof A as usually screws into the reservoir, a preferably
metal tube B, extending downward nearly to the bottom of the said reservoir and
which may be cither circular or elliptical in cross section, the lower end of which
may be solid, but preferably open, and enclosed by a screw or other cap C, provided
with a short length of tubing a, of similar formation in cross section to, but of
lesser dimensions than, the wick or cotton b, which after passing therethrough
extends upwardly and through the wick tube c in the usual way. In trimming the
lamp the cotton & would be first passed downward through the wick tube c, the
lower end only of this being then passed through the tube a, until this extends
sufficiently below to make contact with the oil in the reservoir, while the super-
fluous length of wick would, when the upper end of this was lowered by the
pinion d, form itself into curls or curves within the tube B as shewn, and by
reason of the lower end only of the wick b, being in contact with the oil in the
reservoir, it follows, that such oil as would percolate through the cotton in the
tight tube a, would constitute the feed of oil to the burner, this being effected by
capillary attraction only, which provides, that by reason of the wick b, tightly
fitting the tube a, at no time would the tube B contain oil other than that
saturating the wick b so that if the lamp was turned completely over, no excess of
oil could reach the burner so long as the reservoir remained intact, while the
superfluous wick contained in B affords all the necessary facilities for raising and
lowering the wick by the pinion d, through the slot in the cone of the burner, for
the purposes of trimming lighting etc.
In certain cases where it may be found in practice, that the quantity of oil that
percolates through the wick in the tube a, is insufficient to supply the burner, we
may provide in the cap C, or in the bottom of the tube B, when such cap is not
provided, two or more extra wick tubes a' and a" as shewn by Figs. 10 and 11,
and which may be either circular as shewn to receive circular wicks, or flat to
receive flat wicks, and into each of these we place a short length of wick of
sufficient length to make contact at their lower ends with the oil in the reservoir,
and at their upper ends with the wick in the tube B, as shewn by Fig. 10 which
permits that oil may percolate through the wicks & and be conveyed to the wick b

page_text: in B without oil passing between the wicks and their tubes in the tube B.
We may also when required line the tube B with any suitable absorbent material e,
as shewn in Fig. 10, which, becoming saturated by contact with the feeder wicks b',
and by capillary attraction, would, by periodical contact with the wick b, further
supply the flame with oil.
When the consumption of oil at the burner is greater than can be supplied by
percolation through the wicks b and b' we may fix upon the outer surface of the
tube B a wire or other frame such as H, (Figs. 32 and 33) having in the bottom a
hole in which is suspended a plate gl and weighted lever gl, similar to that used in the
cap Figs. 2 and 3. A hole is formed in the bottom of B or the cap C through which
oil may pass when open, and as a closure for this we provide a valve j¹ upon the
end of a wire carried upwardly in suitable bearings outside B, and bent or curved
at its open end to rest upon the plate g', the operation of this being that the
bole is normally open as at Fig. 32 but closed when the lamp is tilted as at
Fig. 33.
In the lamps with metal reservoirs having a screw capped opening through
which the same is charged with oil, we provide in such a cap D (Figs. 2 and 3) a
central aperture, from which depends a tube which serves as an inlet for
supplying air to the reservoir, and at the lower end of the tube we provide
a valve, which, when the lamp is upright, is in its normal position admitting
air to the reservoir as at Fig. 2, and rests upon a circular convex plate fi,
supported by wires or a frame f¹, and from which depends a weighted lever E,
but should the lamp be upset or tilted to any material extent from an upright
position, a tilt would be imparted to the cap D, while the lever E remaining
vertical or approximately so would, by the plate f force upwardly the valve fi,
thus closing the passage f, thereby serving the double purpose of preventing an
escape of oil through f, and by preventing an inlet of air, a partial vacuum would
be formed in the reservoir, and the wick tube B, and so prevent a flow of oil from
the reservoir to the burner. In lamps of this form of construction, that is to say,
when the oil feed to the burner is by percolation through the wick in the tube a,
the feeder tubes a¹ and all and the air enters the reservoir through the cap D
as stated, we may find it convenient to provide a small hole h in the tube Bas
shewn in Fig. 1.
In that type of lamp in which the reservoir is not provided with a cap D, and
the charging of the reservoir is effected by the removal of the burner, to facilitate
this without entirely removing the burner and the tube B, we lessen the diameter
of the latter at its upper end as at F Fig. 1, and form a flat side upon this part as
shewn by Fig. 8, which is a section of Fig. 1 upon the line A B, and to charge the
reservoir we provide a metal or other funnel G, semicircular or thereabouts in
horizontal cross section to correspond with the removed portion F substantially as
at Figs. 5, 6 and 7, which are front elevation, side elevation and plan respectively
of the said funnel, the neck of which G¹ is of such a size as to freely enter the
space between the burner opening of the reservoir, and the recessed portion F of
the tube B, when this is partly withdrawn as stated, and in order to steady the
funnel while so used without being held by the hand, we provide upon the flat
portion of this a projecting wire G, curved to grasp the opposite side of B, while
the oil is being poured thereinto. In lamps of this type not provided with a screw
cap such as D (Figs. 2 and 3), we arrange for the admission of the necessary air
to the reservoir, by forming a small vertical opening through the body of the
burner parallel with the wick tube, and the aperture thus made we cause to be
occupied by a tube k (Fig. 4) to the lower end of which we attach a valve k
supported by a convex plate k upon the upper end of a weighted lever 1,
suspended in a wire or other frame , attached to the bottom of the burner or the
tube B, or both, and occupying a portion of the recess F previously described.
The action of this valve is precisely the same as that in the screw cap D, that is
to say, if the lamp be tilted from the vertical in any direction, the weighted
lever by remaining vertical or approximately so would cause the plate k¹¹, to

page_text: push upwardly the valve k¹, and thus close the lower end of the tube k in the same
manner as that of the screw cap Fig. 3, which will be fully understood by Fig. 4.
In lamps so provided with the tube B we prefer to elongate the wick tube c so that
this may extend for an inch or more below the bottom of the burner, so that the
space around this in B may serve to collect what little oil may be in B when the
lamp is upset, thus minimising the chance of this entering the wick tube and
reaching the flame.
In small lamps when the size may not readily admit of a screw cap D or tube k,
we may provide for the admission of air into the reservoir, by forming a small hole
in the bottom of the burner, through which air may enter into the tube B, and
through the hole h in this to the reservoir.
We have previously stated in the preamble hereof that a portion of our invention
relates to means for automatically extinguishing such lamps when upset or otherwise
when desired, and we effect this by providing of any suitable metal a pair of
shutters J, substantially as at Fig. 15, these being of box like formation, the ends
of which have projections provided with holes JJ, while the back portion carries
a foot or projection J". To fix these in position we provide a metal case K, of
such dimensions as to surround without touching the upper end of the wick tube C,
and upon each end of this we provide a stud or pin in which engage with the
holes JJ in the ends of the shutters J, so that the said shutters are pivotted
upon these, and by their own weight alone are normally parted at their upper ends
as at Fig. 12, so as to leave the top of the flame cone perfectly clear, but should
the lamp be tilted from the vertical by falling or otherwise, in either direction at
right angles to the pivots m, the said shutters would close together at their upper
ends as at Figs. 13, and 14, the one by gravity and the other by impact with the
tube or case K, and so extinguish the flame. In order that these shutters may
operate in like manner if the lamp be tilted or upset in either direction at right
angles to that shewn by Figs. 13 and 14, we provide a metallic plate L (Figs. 16
17 and 18) having a central slot n about twice the length or thereabouts of that of
the wick tube c, the said plate being so formed as to provide at each side of n
points or extensions o and o', and recesses o and o. The said plate would
be mounted upon the burner below the base of the flame cone with the wick tube c
extending upwardly through the slot n, but not in touch therewith, the ends of the
said plate passing outwardly through slots or apertures in the sides of the burner,
by the means of which the said plate may be moved horizontally by hand, or slide
freely should the lamp be tilted in the direction of either end and when in its
normal position and the lamp burning, the heels J of the shutters J would be
seated in the recesses o" and o as at Fig. 16, when the upper surfaces of the
shutters would be parted as at Fig. 12, but if through the tilting of the lamp or
by desire the plate L be moved in either way indicated by the arrows in Figs. 17
or 18, the heels J" of the shutter J would be pushed apart by the points o and o
of the plate L, which would bring together the upper surfaces of Jas at Figs. 13
and 14, and so extinguish the light. The position of the plate L at this moment
is also shewn by Fig. 19.
In duplex lamps or such as have two wick tubes c, each tube would in like
manner be provided with a pair of shutters J, and the plate L provided with two
slots n and n' so as to engage with both burners c and two sets of suitably arranged
recesses o" and o and two sets of points o and o¹ so as to engage with the heels J
of both pairs of shutters as fully illustrated by Fig. 20.
As an alternative means for operating automatically the closure of the shutters J,
should the lamp be tilted in either of the directions indicated by Figs. 13 and 14,
and which also provides facilities for the closure of the said shutters by hand
when the light is no longer required, we may provide upon one end of the
shutters J, a foot or projection J, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 15, and
upon a pin or stud at the opposite side of the burner to that of the knob M for
actuating the wick pinion, we mount a plate, consisting of three arms p, pl and p
which collectively form the three points of an equilateral triangle, and to one of

page_text: these p", we attach a weight N as at Figs. 21, 22, and 23, or to a wire p, bent at
right angles and connected to the centre of the said arms as at Figs. 24 and 25.
The said three-armed plate would be so mounted that when the lamp was burning,
and the shutters J open as at Fig. 21, the arms p and pl would be in idle contact
with the projection or feet J of the shutters, but should the lamp be tilted in
either direction at right angles to the wick pinion, the weight N would maintain
the perpendicularity of its arm p" or its wire and consequently the rigidity of
the arms p and p', and these would cause the separation of the heels J, and the
closure of the upper surfaces of J as at Figs. 22 or 23, according to the direction
the lamp was tilted, and so extinguish the flame. The same closure of the
shutters J may be effected by moving the weight N by hand in either of the
directions indicated by the arrows in Fig. 23.
As an alternative means for automatically operating the shutters J, should the
lamp he tilted in a direction at right angles to that indicated by Figs. 22 and 23,
and in lieu of the plates L in Figs. 16, 17, and 18, we may mount a wire P with
weight P1, passing through the burner at right angles to the wire p, and to P
would be connected projections P and Pii at such an angle as to be in idle
contact with the shutters J when these are apart as at Fig. 26, but operate the
closure of these as at Fig. 27, should the lamp be tilted in the direction of the
arrow Fig. 28. Upon the said wire P would be also mounted a V shaped pro-
jection P at such an augie that when the shutters J were in their normal
position, the said projection P would be in idle contact with their feet Jor
equivalent projections, as at Fig. 26, but should the lamp be tilted in a direction
opposite to that indicated by the arrow in Fig. 28, the said projection Pu would
part the feet J, and so close the shutter J as at Fig. 27.
In Fig. 29 we illustrate the manner in which we prefer to construct central
draught lamps, in order to provide in connection therewith, means for automatically
or otherwise extinguishing the same. We carry this portion of our invention into
effect by the employment of a short length of tubing r of such diameter as to
freely encompass the upper end of the tubes, forming the outer case for the wick
of the burner, and within the central draught tube or inner case s', of the wick, we
provide a short length of tuber, capable of easily sliding up and down therein,
and to this we solder rivet or otherwise connect the upper end of a wire or rod t
which passes downwardly therefrom, entirely through, and for a suitable distance
below the tube s¹, whereat the said rod is bent at right angles, forming a horizontal
portion t¹, from which the said rod is again hent at right angles, and passes
upwardly through an oil tight passage in the reservoir of the lamp and
terminating at a point a convenient distance from the top of same, whereat the
said rod t is connected by a suitable clip s", to a second length of rod or wire t
which is hent or curved inwardly and upwardly and passes through the windguard,
and below the chimney holder of the burner, and is suitably connected to the first
mentioned tube r, from which it will be understood that the raising and lowering of
the rod t t would raise and lower both the tubes r and r¹ simultaneously, and that
the object of the junction of t and t¹ is that these may be easily separated to
permit the burner to be removed from the reservoir when required.
The rod w of the flame spreading button wl and its guide tube wl, we extend in
length, that the former may protrude below the bottom end of the tube s¹ and be
loosely connected to one end of a horizontal lever wl, fixed to, and fulcrumed upon
a transverse rod R provided with a button R', and borne by the bottom rim of the
lamp as at w, the opposite end of R being pivotally connected to a bifurcated
plate R" fixed to the portion t' of the rod t (Fig. 29 and sectional view 30).
To extinguish the lamp by band, a person would turn the button R', which
would deflect the lever w, and raise the wires t and t", and consequently the
tuber and r', until r abutted against the flame cone v', of the lamp, and the
deflection of the lever wll would lower the rod w, until its button w' rested upon
the mouth of the flame cone v' and the tube 11, and by thus excluding air from the
wick, the light would be instantly extinguished. The reverse movement of the

page_text: rod K would return the parts to their first or normal position. The second position
of the parts t', wl, wl, r, r and w are shewn by dotted outline in Fig. 29.
The said extinguishing device for the central draught lamps we may arrange to
operate automatically should the lamp be upset or tilted to any appreciable extent
from a vertical position, and we attain this by mounting and fixing transversally
upon the rod R a plate S, (shewn enlarged and detached in Fig. 31 and in position
by Fig. 30) parallel with the lever w¹¹, and having upon one end a fixed weight S¹
of predetermined gravity, and upon the opposite end a spherical counterpoise
weight Su When both these weights are in position as shewn in full lines in
Fig. 31 the plate S and lever we would be horizontal, and the rods w and t, and
the flame button w', be in their normal position ready for lighting the lamp, but
should the lamp when in use be accidentally tilted or knocked over, the ball S
would either fall off or run towards the centre of S when the weight S would tilt
the plate S into the position shewn by dotted outline in Fig. 31, thereby partly
rotating the lever R and deflecting the lever will when the parts t', wlll, w, r, r,
and would operate for extinguishing the light in the manner previously
described.
In Figs. 34, 35, 36 and 37 Sheet 3 we illustrate a further modification of the
means for automatically or otherwise extinguishing single or double wick lamps,
the pattern or construction of which may be unsuitable for the reception of the
devices previously explained and shewn. In carrying this portion of our invention
into effect we provide a metallic frame T, preferably of the shape shewn or
substantially so, and this we mount horizontally upon the burner pivotted at y at
either side of and near to the wick tube c or the case K surrounding c when such
is used. At one and either corner of the frame T we fix a rod y extending
horizontally therefrom and at or about the centre of this we attach, at right angles
or thereabouts, another rod y", both of which may be slightly curved, and provided
at their ends with weights y and y respectively. In this arrangement we
attach to the shutters J two projections or feet J" at a suitable distance apart such
as that suggested by dotted outlines in Fig. 15. The normal position of the
plate T would be that shewn by Figs. 34 and .35 at which this would be in idle
contact with the projections J, but should the lamp be tilted in either of the
directions indicated by the arrows in Fig. 35, the leverage afforded by the weighted
rods y y would deflect the plate T in the direction shewn by Fig. 36, but if the
lamp be tilted in a direction opposite to either of the arrows in Fig. 35, the
plate T would be deflected in the direction shewn by Fig. 37, and in either case
would expand or separate the feet J" and close the shutters J as illustrated by
Fig. 34, and so extinguish the lamp automatically, and by the same movement of
the weighted arms by band the lamp after use may be extinguished thereby.
It is obvious that certain if not all of the foregoing arrangements may, by slight
modifications or suitable combinations, be employed in connection with oil lamps
used for cooking and other heating purposes, and we wish it understood, that it is
our intention to employ such part or parts, or any or all of them, in connection
with such lamps, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
1st. In combination with any type of oil lamp for illuminating or heating
purposes or both, the construction use and application to such lamps of any and
all of the devices or apparatus herein described and shewn, or any desirable
combination of same, connected and operating substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
2nd. In an oil lamp, the application to the burner A of a tube such as B, with
or without being recessed at F, and closed by itself at its lower end, or provided
with a cap such as C, provided with a passage or passages such as a, for a wick or
wicks such as b, and with or without supplementary passages a' and all for wicks b',

page_text: and with or without being lined with an absorbant material e substantially as and
for the purposes herein described and shewn by the accompanying drawings.
3rd. In an oil lamp, the reservoir of which is fed by the removal of the
burner A, the application to the said burner of a tube such as B, recessed at F,
and enclosed or provided with a cap C, and a wick tube or tubes in such enclosure
or cap, and the construction and use of a funnel such as G G', provided with a
wire such as G, for charging the reservoir of the lamp by the partial removal of
the burner only, substantially as herein described and shown by the accompanying
drawings.
4th. In an oil lamp as set forth in the preceding claims, the application to the
tube B of a supplementary feed passage j, arranged for closure when the lamp is
tilted by a valve such as j, operated by a plate gl suspended in a frame such as H,
and connected to a suitable weight such as g", substantially as herein described and
shewn by Figs. 32 and 33 of the appended drawings.
5th. In an oil lamp the reservoir of which is arranged to be charged by the
removal of a screw plug or cap, the application to such a plug or cap D, of an air
inlet tube f, with valve f', actuated by a plate f, suspended in a wire or other
frame, connected to D, and operated by a weight E, when the lamp is tilted,
substantially as and for the purposes herein described and shewn by Figs. 2 and 3
of the accompanying drawings.
6th. In an oil lamp of the type set forth in the 3rd claim hereof, the application
to the burner A of a ventilating tube k, with valve k', actuated by a plate
suspended in a wire or other frame A, attached to A, or the tube B, or both,
and operated by a weight k, when the lamp is tilted or upset, substantially as
and for the purposes herein described and shewn by Fig. 4 of the accompanying
drawings.
7th. In an oil lamp, the application to the wick tube c of a casing such as K,
upon which are suspended a pair of extinguishing shutters such as J, (Fig. 16) the
centre of gravity of which is so arranged that the said shutters are parted at their
upper ends as at Fig. 12. when the lamp is in a vertical position, but close auto-
matically if the lamp be tilted in either direction as at Figs. 13 and 14, substantially
as and for the purposes herein described.
8th. In an oil lamp, the burner of which is provided with extinguishing shutters
such as J as set forth in the preceding claim, the application to such a burner
having a single wick c, of a plate such as L, with slot n, projections o and o¹, and
recess o, the latter by the horizontal movements of the plate L automatically
engaging with feet or projections J, upon the shutters J, when the lamp is tilted,
and by expanding the said feet effect the closure of the top of the said shutters
over the wick tube c, substantially as and for the purposes herein described and
shewn by the drawings, particularly by Figs. 16, 17, 18 and 19.
9th. In an oil lamp having two wick tubes c the construction and use of a
plate L as set forth in the preceding claim, having two slots n and n', engaging
with both wick tubes, and a set of shutters J, mounted in like manner upon a
casing K, upon each of the said tubes c, connected and operating substantially as
herein described and shewn particularly by Fig. 20.
10th. In an oil lamp having one or more wicks and wick tubes c, the application
to each of these of a pair of shutters J, with legs or projections such as J and
a weight such as N, connected to a plate or to a wire pl, connected to a plate,
and p, pivotally mounted upon the tube K and operating
to separate the legs fun,
the weighted arm or wire N is deflected by hand from the vertical, substantially as
and for the purposes stated and shewn by Figs. 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 and 28 of the
accompanying drawings.
11th. In an oil lamp having one or more flat wicks and wick tubes such as c,
the application to such a lamp of a bent rod P, carrying a weight P', studs or
projecting wires P" and P, and a V shaped plate or projection P, the latter
arranged to engage with legs such as J upon a pair of shutters J, and operating

page_text: automatically or by hand for separating the said legs and closing the said shutters,
the said studs or projections P P effecting the closure of the shutter J by
pressing upon their outer walls substantially as and for the purposes herein
described and shewn by Figs. 26, 27 and 28 of the accompanying drawings.
12th. In an oil lamp having one or more flat wicks and wick tubes such as c,
the application to such a lamp of a frame or rim such as T, pivotted upon the
burner at y, and having connected to one of its corners a projecting arm or wire
such as y, with weight y, the said arm having connected thereto an arm or
wire y, with a weight y, the said arms and weights operating to deflect the
frame T when moved by hand or if the lamp be tilted in any direction, thus
separating the legs J", and closing the upper surfaces of a pair of shutters such
as J, substantially, as and for the purposes herein described, and shewn by Figs. 15,
34, 35, 36 and 37 of the appended drawings.
13th. In a central draught oil lamp, the application to such a lamp of a pair of
tubes and, the latter conuected to a rod t passing downward through the air
tube and bent or curved at t¹ and passing upwardly therefrom through a
passage in the reservoir, and connected to a bent rod t suitably attached to the
tube r. The lever w¹ upon a spindle R, attached at one end to the rod w of the
flame button w', and at the opposite end to a bifurcated plate R" upon t¹, the whole
connected, combined and operating for extinguishing the lamp by hand, and with
or without a plate S, fixed upon the rod R, and provided with a fixed weight S¹,
and movable weight S", operating for extinguishing the lamp automatically when
tilted, substantially as described and shewn by Figs. 29, 30 and 31 of the appended
drawings.
Dated this 12th day of June 1896.
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
No. 1, Broad Street Buildings, Liverpool Street, E.C.,
Agent for Applicants.