improvements in Flaning, Milling and Shaping Machines.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Sept., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 28th June, 1899-Accepted, 19th Aug., 1899
improvements in Flaning, Milling and Shaping Machines.
We, HENRY CHARLES SIMPSON, Bridge Builder, and GEORGE THOMAS JONES,
Pattern Maker, both of Horsehay Works, Horsehay, in the County of Salop, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows;
-
Our invention is designed to provide for the planing, milling or shaping of
convex or concave cylindrical surfaces, such, for example, as those of rocker-
bearings for bridges."
For this purpose we mount a suitably-shaped tool in a special tool-box or slide-
head in a planing, milling or shaping machine, and we arrange in combination
therewith means whereby an intermittent feed-movement will, in the operation
of the machine, be imparted to the said tool-box or slide-head in such a manner
that the cutting edge of the tool, which is of circular form, will move in the
are of a circle corresponding to the convex or concave surface to be shaped.
In applying our improvements to a planing machine, for example, we dispense
with the traversing screws and nuts usually employed in the horizontal and
vertical slides, so that the said slide-head and the vertical slide are free to be
moved up and down or to and fro, as the case may be, by means of a pin secured
in a slotted crank or disc and working in a socket in the said tool-box or slide:
head which is movable up and down on the vertical slide. The said pin is
secured in the said crank or disc in such a manner that its position can readily
be varied to adjust the length of radius of the crank. This crank or disc is
fixed on one end of a shaft supported in suitable bearings in a bridle fixed
to the horizontal or cross slide. And on the other end of the said shaft is fixed a
worm-wheel actuated by a worm to which intermittent rotary movement is
imparted by means of ratchet-and-pawl or other suitable feed mechanism operated
by the traverse of the table or by the usual feed motion. The rotary feed-
movement of the said crank causes the said slide-head and vertical slide, both of
which are free to receive motion from the crank-pin, to move in such a manner
that, by the combination of their motions, the cutting edge of the tool is moved
in the arc of a circle corresponding to that through which the said crank-pin
travels.
In other instances we apply a horizontal slide to the existing headstock of a
shaping machine and connect the aforesaid bridle to the same, or we apply a
complete bridle and slides to the machine.
In applying our improvements to the shaping-machine, in which the tool
moves to-and-fro, the ratchet-and-pawl mechanism for intermittently rotating
the crank is operated by the to-and-fro movement of the tool-carrying arm.
When our improvements are applied to machines in which milling-tools or
rotary cutters are employed, rotary motion is imparted to the milling cutter by
means of bevel wheels, which are driven by a spindle extending down the cutter
bar. A sprocket-wheel, mounted on the said spindle, is held within a bracket
fixed to the horizontal slide. The sprocket-wheel and spindle are operatively
connected by means of a feather sliding in a keyway, cut in the spindle, of
sufficient length to allow the spindle with the slide-head to follow the traverse of
the crank in describing an arc of a circle. Two sprocket-wheels, held by brackets

page_text: one at each end of the horizontal slide, are connected by a driving chain which
gears with the sprocket-wheel mounted upon the spindle extending down the
cutter-bar and permits horizontal movement of the vertical slide. One of these
wheels is also connected, by a feather sliding in a key-way, to a vertical shaft
driven by bevel wheels and a belt pulley in the usual way, 80 as to permit
vertical movement of the horizontal slide. The table of the machine will give
the longitudinal motion required.
GO11 1. f Cantanhan 1808
Improvements in Planing, Milling and Shaping Machines.
We, HENRY CHARLES SIMPSON, Bridge Builder, and GEORGE THOMAS JONES,
Pattern Maker, both of Horsehay Works, Horsehay, in the County of Salop, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
Our invention is designed to provide for the planing, milling or shaping of
convex or concave cylindrical surfaces, such, for example, as those of rocker-
bearings for bridges.
For this purpose we arrange the tool-box or slide-head, in a planing, milling
or shaping machine, in such a manner that it is free to be moved to and fro in
directions perpendicular to each other, in a plane at right angles to the direction of
the reciprocating motion of the tool or of the work as the case may be; and
we provide suitable means whereby an intermittent feed-movement will, in the
operation of the machine, be imparted to the said tool-box or slide-head so as to
cause it to travel in an arc of a circle corresponding to the convex or concave
surface to be planed or shaped. The tool, which has a cutting-edge of suitable
form, will thus be moved, in the intervals between the cutting strokes, in such a
manner that it will cut either a convex or a concave cylindrical surface as may
be required.
We find it advantageous to mount the said tool-box or slide-head in or on
suitable slides so arranged that it can be moved to and fro in directions per-
pendicular to each other as above mentioned, and to provide an independently
supported shaft the axis of which is perpendicular to the plane of motion of the
said tool-box or slide-head, and on which is fixed a crank-arm or disc the pin
whereof engages with the said tool-box or slide-head. By imparting intermittent
rotary motion to the said crank, the said tool-box or slide-head will be moved in
a circular path of a radius equal to the throw of the said crank, and, since this
throw can be varied, it is evident that, by these means, convex 01: concave
cylindrical surfaces of different diameters can be planed or shaped.
In applying our improvements to a planing-machine, for example, we dispense
with the traversing screws and nuts usually employed in the horizontal and
vertical slides, so that the tool-box or slide-head is free to be moved up and down
on the vertical slide, which is itself free to be moved to and fro on the horizontal
or cross slide; and we connect the said tool-box or slide-head with the pin of a
crank fixed on an intermittently rotating shaft supported in suitable bearings in
a bridge-piece or bridle attached to the horizontal or cross-slide, the said pin
being preferably secured in the crank-arm in such a manner that it can be
readily adjusted therein to vary the throw of the crank according to the work
to be performed.

page_text: In the case of a shaping-machine, we apply a horizontal slide to the existing
headstock of the machine and connect a suitable bridge-piece or bridle to the same,
Or we apply a complete bridle and slides to the machine, the tool-box or slide-
head and slides being arranged as above described.
When our improvements are applied to machines in which milling-tools or
rotary cutters are employed, rotary motion is imparted to the cutter by means
of bevel-wheels, which are driven by a spindle extending down the cutter-bar.
In the accompanying drawings we have shown how our said invention may be
conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a front elevation,
Figure a plan, and
Figure a side elevation, partly in section on the line -, Figure 1, showing
a portion of a planing machine with our improvements applied thereto.
Figure 4 is a front elevation, and
Figure 5 a side elevation, partly in section on the line ¹¹, Figure 4, show-
ing a portion of a shaping machine with our improvements applied thereto.
Figures 6 and 7 are similar views to Figures and 5 respectively, showing
a portion of a milling-machine with our improvements applied thereto, and
Figure 8 is a sectional elevation, drawn to an enlarged scale, illustrating details
of construction.
a is the tool-box or slide-head, which is free to be moved up and down on or
in the vertical slide b, which is itself free to be moved transversely to and fro
on or in the horizontal slide c. The tool d fixed in the tool-box or slide-head a
is made with its cutting-edge of circular form as shown. c is a shaft to which
intermittent rotary motion is imparted as hereinafter described, and on which
is fixed a crank f, the pin fl of which works in a socket or bearing in the slide,
head a and is so arranged in the crank-arm that it can be adjusted along the
same by means of a feed-screw g to vary the throw of the crank and consequently
the radius of the circular path through which the tool is to travel.
In the planing-machine shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the crank-shaft e is
mounted in bearings in a bridge-piece or bridle h attached to the horizontal or
cross slide c, and is provided at its outer end with a worm-wheel j which is
geared with a worm worked by any suitable reversible ratchet-and-pawl
mechanism, in the to-and-fro movement of the traversing table, through the
medium of a rod 7 provided with adjustable collars m, and a tappet n carried by
the said table.
The operation of our improved mechanism is as follows:-The crank-pin f¹ is
first adjusted to suit the desired radius of the convex or concave surface to be
planed, and the crank f and slide-head a are adjusted so that the tool is in position
to commence its work. In the to-and-fro motion of the traversing-table, the
slide-head a is fed intermittently through a circular arc, being moved around the
upper or the lower half of its circular path according to whether a convex or
concave surface has to be planed.
In the shaping-machine shown in Figures 4 and 5, the bridge-piece or bridle h
is fixed upon the horizontal slide c which is firmly attached to the reciprocating
head-stock p of the machine, and the eye or tappet is secured to a pillar n
attached to the saddle or bed g, so that, in the to-and-fro movement of the said
reciprocating head-stock, the required intermittent feed-movement will be
imparted to the tool-box or slide-head a.
In the application of our improvements to a milling-machine as shown in
Figures 6, 7 and 8, we employ slides b, c and feed-mechanism substantially
similar to those above described with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3, the tool d is,
however, replaced by a hollow cutter-bar which is secured in the tool-box a and
is provided at its lower end with a horizontal shafts, Figures 6 and 8, on which
is fixed the milling-tool or rotary cutter t, and which is connected through
bevel-gearing u, u¹, with a vertical shaft extending through and working in
suitable bearings in the said cutter-bar r. Rotary motion is imparted to the

page_text: shaft through the medium of a sprocket-wheel w connected therewith by a
key or feather, so that, while the said shaft can slide up and down in the said
sprocket-wheel, it must rotate therewith. The said sprocket-wheel is driven
through an endless chain y engaging therewith on one side thereof and passed
around sprocket wheels w¹, w, one of which w² is mounted on a rotary shaft z
so that it must rotate therewith but the shaft can slide vertically in it to permit
the required vertical movement of the horizontal slide c, to which are attached
the brackets supporting the said sprocket-wheels w¹, w. The bracket supporting
the sprocket-wheel w is attached to the slide b, therefore as the slide-head a moves
in its circular path, the said sprocket-wheel w can move to and fro with the
slide relatively to the driving-chain y, and the shaft v can move up and down
with the slide-head a relatively to the sprocket-wheel w.
It will be seen that, in a machine provided with our improved mechanism, the
tool-box does not move angularly about a horizontal axis, but the tool-box or
slide-head with the tool therein travels in a circular path, the tool being main-
tained in a vertical position; and, since the tool-box or slide-head is capable of
movement around a complete circle, both convex and concave cylindrical surfaces
can be planed or shaped.
It is evident that the construction of our improved mechanism can be somewhat
modified without departing from the nature of our said invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
First. A planing, milling or shaping machine in which suitable provision is
made for imparting intermittent movement to the tool-box or slide-head in an
arc of a circle corresponding to a convex or concave surface to be planed or shaped,
substantially as hercin before described.
Second. A tool-box or slide-head mounted in slides so that it is free to move
to and fro in directions perpendicular to each other and connected with an inter-
mittently rotating crank whereby it will be caused to travel in a circular path,
substantially as herein before described and for the purposes specified
Third. The combination of a tool-box or slide-head mounted in slides so that
it is free to move to and fro in directions perpendicular to each other, and an
intermittently rotating crank the throw of which is variable and the pin whereof
extends into a socket or bearing in the said tool-box or slide-head, for the
purposes above specified.
Fourth. A planing, shaping or milling machine comprising a tool-box or
slide-head movable up and down on or in a vertical slide which is itself movable
to and fro on or in a horizontal slide, and connected with a crank to which
intermittent rotary motion is imparted in the to-and-fro movement of the work
relatively to the said tool-box or slide-head or of the latter relatively to the work,
for the purposes above specified.
Fifth. A planing, shaping or milling machine having our improved mechanism
applied thereto and constructed substantially as described with reference to
Figures 1, 2 and 3, or to Figures 4 and 5, or to Figures 6, 7 and 8 of the accom-
panying drawings, and operating as, and for the purposes, above specified
Dated this 28th day of
000
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 and 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.