AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON AND SILK AND OTHER WARP PILE FABRICS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Dunington, of Nottingham, for the Invention
of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON AND SILK AND OTHER
WARP PILE FABRICS."
Sealed the 14th August 1857, and dated the 20th June 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Dunington, at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 20th June 1857.
I, HENRY DUNINGTON, of Nottingham, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON AND SILK
AND OTHER WARP PILE FABRICS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in the manufacture of
cotton and silk and other warp pile fabrics; and the Invention consists of
subjecting warp pile fabrics made by introducing soft yarn, to be afterwards
raised into a pile, as is well understood when made of cotton or of silk, or of
such materials combined, or of other fibres, to a process of shearing or
cropping after they have had a pile raised thereon, without subjecting such
fabrics to felting or fulling processes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Dunington, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th December 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
DUNINGTON, of Nottingham, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Henry Dunington, Her special licence that I, the said Henry Dunington,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry
Dunington, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON AND SILK AND OTHER WARP PILE FABRICS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Dunington, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Dunington, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and 'ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in the manufacture of
cotton and silk and other warp pile fabrics; and the Invention consists of
subjecting warp pile fabrics made by introducing soft yarn, to be afterwards
raised into a pile, as is well understood when made of cotton or of silk, or
of such materials combined, or of other 'fibres, to a process of shearing or
cropping after they have had a pile raised thereon, without subjecting such
fabrics to felting or fulling processes.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the sanie.
In manufacturing warp fabrics for the purpose of my Invention, I prefer

page_text: to use yarns or warps of cotton or of silk, or of cotton and silk, though yarns
of other fibres may be used.
In carrying out my improvement I employ three full warp bars, two with
soft spun yarn of silk waste, or of cotton, or of other fibre, so as to admit of
such yarns being readily raised after they have been made into a warp fabric,
the two soft warps being worked into the fabric, one at the front and the
other at the back. The third warp is for obtaining the requisite strength or
body to the fabric.
I would state that it is not new to use three or more warps in making warp
fabrics. I do not therefore claim to do so.
The fabric having been produced, it is next to be submitted to a gig or
raising process on both sides, as is well understood when raising other fabrics,
and then one of the surfaces is to be cropped in like manner to cropping or
shearing woollen and other fabrics. By these means a peculiar warp fabric is
produced, having an uncut pile on one side, and a cut pile on the other side.
It should here be stated that it is not new to subject warp fabrics made or
partly made of wool, and which have been felted or fulled, to the processes of
raising and cropping or shearing; I therefore make no claim to the manu-
facture of warp fabrics which are first felted or fulled, and then raised and
cropped or sheared; my present Invention consisting in the production of
unfelted warp fabrics raised and cropped or shorn, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Dunington, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
HENRY DUNINGTON. (L.S.)