A NEW AND USEFUL IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING AND COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and
Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, in the Empire
of France, and 10, Sackville Street, Piccadilly, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "A NEW AND USEFUL
IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING AND COMBING WOOL AND OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS." - A communication from Celestin Martin,
residing at Verviers, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Manufacturer.
Sealed the 18th February 1870, and dated the 23rd August 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd August 1869.
I, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, 18, Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 10,
Sackville Street, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW AND
USEFUL IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING AND COMBING WOOL AND

page_text: OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," a communication from Celestin Martin, a
person resident at Verviers, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Manufacturer,
to be as follows:-
The Invention communicated to me relates to machinery for carding
and combing wool and other fibrous materials, and avoids the casting
up of threads, and consequently the uneveness which such casting up
gives rise to. It consists in doing away with the fly which heretofore
has been generally used and placed above the doffer, and substituting
a cylinder revolving at a greater speed than the main cylinder, and
furnished with cards similar to those of the working cylinders or to
those of the said main cylinder, and being placed in the contrary direction
to the cards of the said main cylinder. This cylinder placed between
the last working cylinder and the doffer may be combined with
either one or more revolving cylinders furnished likewise with cards
in such a way that the wool or other material deposited on the main
cylinder be taken away and combed by this cylinder, or these cylinders
in combination, and then brought round again to the main cylinder
and then to the doffer, or it may be carried straight to the doffer from
this cylinder or cylinders without being brought in contact with the
main cylinder.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 19th February 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 18,
Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 10, Sackville
Street, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, Her special licence
that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville,

page_text: my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW AND USEFUL
IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY POR CARDING AND COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS," a communication from Celestin Martin, a person resident
at Verviers, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Manufacturer, upon the
conditions, amongst others, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The Invention communicated to me relates to the machinery for
carding and combing wool and other fibrous materials, and avoids the
casting up of fibres and consequently the uneveness which such casting
up gives rise to. It consists in doing away with the fly which heretofore
has been generally used and placed above the doffer, and substituting
a cylinder revolving at a greater speed than the main cylinder, and
furnished with cards similar to those of the working cylinders, or to those
of the said main cylinder, and being placed in the contrary direction to.
the cards of the said main cylinder. This cylinder placed between
the last working cylinder and the doffer may be combined either with
one or more revolving cylinders furnished likewise with cards in such
a way that the wool or other material deposited on the main cylinder
be taken away and combed by the cylinder or cylinders in combination,
and then brought round again to the main cylinder and then to the
doffer, or it may be carried straight to the doffer from this cylinder or
cylinders without being brought in contact with the main cylinder.
Having thus briefly described the nature of the said Invention, I will
now enter more fully into the details thereof, so as to make it more
clear and comprehensible, reference being had to the accompanying

page_text: Drawings, representing side and sectional elevations of that part of the
machinery to which the said improvement is applicable in four different
ways, Fig. 1 being a more detailed view of the said parts of the
machinery than are the other Figures, corresponding parts being indicated
by the same letters of reference.
in
A is the main cylinder; B, the doffer; C, the working cylinders; D,
the takers in; G, G, the feeding roller; E, the cylinders substituted for
the fly; and F, the cylinder in combination with E. The combination
of said cylinder E with F replacing the fly constitutes the improve-
ment. The teeth of the cards of the fly used at present are placed in
a contrary direction to those of the cylinder E, and are generally longer
and more flexible than those with which the other cylinders of the
machinery are provided, by which means the wool between the teeth of
the cards of the main cylinder is taken away, so that said main cylinder
may be discharged on to the doffer B by means of a comb and take up
roller, but instead of this fly I use the cylinder E, provided with
similar teeth to those of the working or main cylinders, but turned
in a contrary direction to those of the main cylinder, that is to say,
such a way that their points turning forwards and at a much more
rapid rate than those of the main cylinder they may relieve the same
of its wool, to comb it on the cylinder F provided similarly with cards,
and which allows the main cylinder A to resume the wool again, which
afterwards transfers it to the doffer B. The rate of revolution of the
cylinder E should be about the same as ordinary flys in comparison
with their main cylinders, and should vary according to the materials
worked. The rate of the cylinder F, which is a kind of doffer, may be
a little more or less than the rate of the cylinder E. By this method
of raising the fibrous materials out of the cards of the main cylinder A
all casting up of fibres is avoided as also the uneveness in the thread
which results from the same. By giving a greater speed to the cylinder F
than to the cylinder E a similar result may be arrived at; in this case
the cylinder F passes the material at once which it has taken from the
cylinder E on to the doffer B, instead of returning it to the main
cylinder A, as shewn in Fig. 2. The cylinder F may equally well be
provided with cards whose teeth are in a contrary direction, and be made
to relieve the cylinder E and afterwards comb the materials on the
doffer B which it has taken from the cylinder E without the doffer B
being brought nearer to the main cylinder (as shewn, Fig. 3). Finally,

page_text: with the cylinder E two cylinders F and H may be combined in order
to carry the materials to the doffer B, as shewn in Fig. 4. In all these
different arrangements it is not necessary to make these cylinders come
in contact with one another, contrary to what takes place with the fly
in the machinery at present.
For some time past in machinery for carding with two and three
main cylinders a cylinder has been used furnished and working in
the same way as the cylinder E, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, in order to take away
the materials from the first or second main cylinder, and carry it to
the following one, but in these former systems this cylinder does not
comb the material upon another cylinder, it is on the contrary relieved
of the material by the main cylinder to which it carries the same, and
which revolves at a greater speed than said cylinder, said cylinder is
also used alone for this purpose, whereas in this improvement it can
only be employed in combination with one or more cylinders, tending
toward the same object, viz., to do away with the fly which cannot be
used to any purpose without casting up fibres.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood I do not confine
myself to the precise details herein indicated and represented in the
accompanying Drawings, as these may obviously be modified without
departing from the principle of the said Invention; but what I claim
and desire to secure by the said Letters Patent is,―
1st. The replacing the fly over the doffer in machinery for carding
and combing wool and other fibrous materials by two or more
cylinders with cards placed between the last working cylinder and
the doffer.
2ond. The use made of the cylinder E in combination with one or
several cylinders, whatever the way of cards of the direction of rotation
of the said cylinders, to .contribute to the suppression of the fly, as
described.
3rd. The application of the cylinder E, the way of its cards, and its
march between the last working cylinder from the side of the outlet
of the machine and the doffer in combination with one or several
cylinders applied to a machine for carding without fly, as described.
4th. The cylinder E placed as described with cards working and

page_text: operating in combination with the cylinders F and H with cards and
the doffer B, as and for the purpose described and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have
hereto set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.