Year: 1899

page_text: Improvem
I, THOMAS BRADFORD, of High Holborn, in the County of London, Laundry
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in wringing and mangling
machines, the improvements being especially applicable to that class of such
machines which are more especially suitable for domestic use and are sufficiently
portable to be shifted or moved from place to place by a domestic servant,
the special object of the improvements being to enable, by an improved com-
bination of parts as hereinafter described, a minimum and a maximum amount of
pressure between the rollers to be most readily and conveniently obtained.
To this end, I mount the rollers in and between a frame consisting of top
and bottom slabs (preferably of oak or other suitable hard wood) spaced apart
at the corners by standards (preferably of wrought iron tubing) which are
distanced apart in the direction of the length of the machine sufficiently to
allow of the length of the rollers freely rotating therebetween and in the
direction of the width of the machine sufficiently to allow of the improved com-
bination of pressure devices hereinafter described being located between them
and at the ends of the rollers and so as to be entirely protected.
The lower roller is carried in end bearings, which are respectively secured to
and between the end standards in a fixed position, and the upper roller is
carried in end bearings which are respectively guided by and between the end
standards. The bearings of the lower roller serve also as guides to vertical rods
which, at their upper ends, are screwed into or otherwise suitably made fast
to the guided bearings of the upper roller, and, at their lower ends, are fitted
with adjustable set nuts between which (as regards the bearings at each end)
and an upper cross bar arranged under the fixed bearing of the lower roller,
and through which bar both of said rods freely work, are located a pair or series
of helical springs, one or more encircling each of the rods and the two or the
series constituting the means by which the minimum pressure is exerted on
the upper roller so as to draw it down against the lower roller, such minimum
pressure being adjustable by compressing or relaxing the springs by corre-
spondingly adjusting the said set nuts.
For applying or adjusting the maximum pressure or range of pressure, the
said cross bars (of which there is one at each end of the machine) are connected
by oppositely disposed levers, which are fulcrummed to the base slab at points
5 bevond or external to the end standards and extend from their fulcrums inwards

page_text: of the machine and under the lower roller, and, at their free ends, overlap each
other and are passed through a stirrup link which is pivotally secured to the
base slab and is fitted with a turn screw which passes through its top and operates
an under saddle piece which covers the top and embraces the sides of the
two lever ends and is so enabled to depress them equally and together when
it is required to put increased pressure on the top roller, which is caused to
be exerted by each lever being connected at a point between its fulcrum and
its free end so acted on by a vertical rod with the centre of the adjacent cross
bar so that on the lever ends being so depressed when the turn screw is screwed
down the cross bars cause all the said springs to be equally compressed, while
the springs are allowed to expand upon the levers being released upon the turn
serew being reversely turned.
The machine is fitted with a folding board and with an ordinary draining
board, the former being carried in opposite grooved brackets mounted on the
front standards in such manner as to have facility of being turned thereon out
into position for holding the board slid into the opposite grooves of the pair of
brackets, and in which they are maintained. by stops fitted to the standards and
as to have facility of being turned inwards or towards the rollers for economy
of space in packing and transit.
I prefer to actuate the rollers by the system of differential gearing described
in the Specification of my Patent No. 12,421, dated 22 July 1891, owing to
the considerable diminution of power. required with such gearing to. actuate
the rollers and to the small compass and exceedingly compact form in which
such gearing is arranged, but I may, nevertheless, use any ordinary arrange-
ment of gearing for such purpose.
I thus, with the aforesaid improvements, produce a wringing and mangling
machine, which, by reason of its lightness in weight and yet withal strength
of construction is essentially suitable for the special use of a portable domestic
machine for table use.
Dated this 29th day of June 1899
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
Chartered Patent Agents,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
I, THOMAS BRADFORD, of High Holborn, in the County of London, Laundry
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in wringing and mangling
machines, the improvements being particularly applicable to such machines
suitable for domestic use and sufficiently portable to be shifted or moved from
place to place by a domestic servant, and their special object being to enable
minimum and maximum ranges of pressures between the rollers to be most
readily and conveniently obtained.
Un the accompanying drawings the improved machine is represented:-
In Figure 1, in front elevation:

page_text: In Fig: 3, in end elevation at the other end.
To the end aforesaid, I mount the rollers, a, b, in and between a frame con-
sisting of bottom and top slabs, c, c', (preferably of oak or other suitable hard
wood) spaced apart at the corners by standards, 2, (preferably of wrought iron
tubing) which are distanced apart in the direction of the length of the machine
(Fig. 1) sufficiently to allow of the length of the rollers, a, b, freely rotating
therebetween, and in the direction of the width of the machine (Figs. 2, and 3)
sufficiently to allow of the improved combination of pressure devices hereinafter
described being located between them and at the ends of the rollers and so as
to be entirely protected.
The lower roller, b, is carried in end bearings, d, which are respectively located
between the adjacent standards, 2, by bearings,, secured to the standards,
in a fixed position, and the upper roller, a, is carried in end bearings, e, which
also are respectively located between the adjacent end standards, 2, by bear-
ings, el, guided by and between the standards. The bearings, d', of the lower
roller serve also as guides to vertical rods, f, which, at their upper ends, are
screwed into or otherwise suitably made fast, as at, f, to the guided bearings,
el, of the upper roller, and, at their lower ends, are fitted with adjustable set
nuts, f2, between which (as regards the bearings at each end) and an upper cross
bar, f³, arranged under the fixed bearings, , of the lower roller, and through
which bar both of said rods, f, freely work, are located a pair or series of
helical springs, f*, one or more encircling each of the rods, f, and the two or
the series constituting the means by which the minimum pressure is exerted on
the upper roller so as to draw it down against the lower roller, such minimum
pressure being adjustable by compressing or relaxing the springs, f, by corre-
spondingly adjusting said nuts, f.
For applying or adjusting the maximum pressure or range of pressure, the
cross bars, f, (of which there is one at each end of the machine) are connected
by oppositely disposed levers, g, which are fulcrumed to the base slab, c, at
points beyond or external to the end standards, 2, and extend from their
fulcrums, g, inwards of the machine and under the lower roller, and, at their
free ends, 2, overlap each other and are passed through a stirrup link, g³,
which is pivotally secured, at gt, to the base slab and is fitted with a turn
screw, g, which passes through its top and operates an under saddle piece, go,
which covers the top and embraces the sides of the two lever end,s, g², and is
so enabled to depress them equally and together when it is required to put
increased pressure on the top roller, which is caused to be exerted by each
lever, g, being connected at a point between its fulcrum and its free end so acted
on by a vertical rod, g, with the centre of the adjacent cross bar, f³, so that
on the lever ends being so depressed when the turn screw is screwed down the
cross bars, f³, cause all the springs, f, to be equally compressed, while the
springs are allowed to expand upon the levers being released upon the turn
screw, g, being reversely turned.
The machine is fitted with a folding board, h, and with an ordinary draining
board, i, the former being carried in opposite grooved brackets, h', mounted on the
front standards, ², in such manner as to have facility of being turned thereon
out into position for holding the board, h, slid into the opposite grooves of
the pair of brackets, and in which they are maintained by stops, h², fitted to the
standards, and as to have facility of being turned inwards or towards the rollers,
when the board, h, is removed, for economy of space in packing and transit.
I prefer to actuate the rollers, a, b, by the system of differential gearing
(vide Fig. 2) described in the Specification of my Patent No. 12,421 dated 22 July,
1891, owing to the considerable diminution of power required with such gearing
to actuate the rollers and to the small compass and exceedingly compact form
in which such gearing is arranged, but I lay no claim to such mechanism as
constituting any part of the present invention, and may use any ordinary or
suitable arrangement of gearing for such purpose.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
In portable wringing and mangling machines, the hereinbefore described means,
or means operating substantially in the same manner, of obtaining respectively
a minimum range and a maximum range of pressures between the rollers.
Dated this 24th day of March 1900.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
Chartered Patent Agents,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.