Improvements in the Treatment of Eggs or the Albumenous Portions thereof for Preservation, Transport, and Use as Food.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd July, 1887
Complete Left, 29th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 4th May, 1888
Improvements in the Treatment of Eggs or the Albumenous
Portions thereof for Preservation, Transport, and Use as Food.
I, Prince JouN TARCHAN-MAURANOFF (called Tarchanoff) Professor of Physiology
at the Military Academy of Medicine, St. Petersburg in the Empire of Russia, do
hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows :-
:-
I take eggs and steep them in a solution of caustic soda or potash. They are then
removed and boiled hard and then the white becomes transparent and elastic-even
without boiling the alkaline bath will if the eggs be steeped therein sufficiently long
cause the whites of the eggs to become firm and transparent. Instead of a bath a
paste may be used of carbonate of soda and quick lime but the bath is preferred.
The product I propose to call "Artificial Tata-glair." It can be kept in the form of
a dry powder prepared by cutting the whites of the eggs into small pieces, washing
in cold water, drying, and grinding. It can be used for making soup with the addition
if required of other ingredients such as vegetables, and as it will keep good it is
useful for army or analogous uses.
ג
Or the "Artificial Tata-glair can be preserved as a coagulated mass in alcohol
from which it is removed for use and boiled in water to free from alcohol and then
soaked in water. The "Artificial Tata-glair" can have incorporated with it flavouring
or other substances by putting the latter in the water in which the glair is soaked.
The "Artificial Tata-glair" can be proserved in the egg state if so desired by retaining
the shells and packing in ashes or bran or the like.
Dated this 2nd day of July 1887
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agents.

page_text: Portions thereof for Preservation, Transport, and Use as Food.
1, Prince JOHN TARCHAN-MAURANOFF (called Tarchanoff) Professor of Physiology
at the Military Academy of Medicine St. Petersburg in the Empire of Russia do
hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
According to my Invention I take eggs and steep them in an alkaline solution such
as one of caustic soda or potash. They are then removed from this solution and
boiled hard and then the whites thereof become transparent and elastic. Even without
boiling the alkaline bath will, if the eggs be steeped therein sufficiently long, cause
the whites of the eggs to become firm and transparent. Instead of a bath an alkaline
paste may be used such as one of carbonate of soda and quick lime but the bath is
preferred. The product I propose to call "Artificial Tata-glair "It can be kept in
the form of a dry powder prepared by cutting the whites of the eggs into small pieces
washing in cold water drying and grinding. It can be used for making soup with
the addition if required of other ingredients such as vegetables and as it will keep
good for a long time it is useful for Army or analogous uses. The "Artificial Tata-
glair
can be preserved in alcohol as a coagulated mass from which when required
for use it is removed and boiled in water to free it from alcohol and then it is soaked
in water. The "Artificial Tata-glair can have incorporated with it flavouring or
other matters which may be effected by putting the said matters into the water in
which the glair is soaked-The said "Artificial Tata-glair" can be preserved in the
egg state if so desired by retaining the shells and packing in ashes or bran or
the like.
23
And in order that the Invention may be thoroughly understood I will now describe
more particularly the manner in which it may be carried into effect.
I take the eggs quite fresh and whole and I place them in basins containing a
solution of caustic soda or potash. In this solution the eggs are allowed to remain
for from two to fourteen days. The degree of concentration of this alkaline solution
can vary from 2% to 20% and even more. The solution may be heated or cold but
it ought not to be hotter than 104° to 122° Fahrenheit-The denser the solution and
the hotter it is the more rapid will be its action-Afterwards the eggs are removed
from the solution and they are boiled in water for such a time as is necessary to
render them quite hard.
After the eggs have been thus treated the white thereof becomes transparent
gelatine like and elastic and when the shells are removed the yolks are distinctly seen
through the modified albumen-If the eggs be allowed to remain in the alkaline
solution for a longer time than that I have hereinbefore mentioned, the whites become
quite firm, transparent and gelatinous even without the boiling.
A similar transformation of the whites of the eggs can be produced by putting the
eggs into a semi liquid paste made by mixing soda ash or carbonato of soda and

page_text: quicklime with water-The proportion may for example be two or three parts by
weight of carbonate of soda or soda ash to one part of quick lime. I have found
however that with this treatment the transformation of the albumen goes on slowly
and is not so complete as when the bath is used.
The albumen transformed as described presents some analogy to the albumen of
birds having naked and blind nestlings which I have described under the name of
Tata-albumen or Tata-glair of an egg in the Archivo of Pflüger (T. 33 pag. 303) I
propose therefore as before stated to call this transformed albumen produced according
to my Invention "Artificial Tata-glair."
This Artificial Tata-glair can be kept for purposes of alimentation in different
ways for example
1st. It may be kept in the form of a dry albuminous powder and be preserved in
tight tin boxes. This powder is prepared from the albumen treated in the manner
described by taking the albumen and cutting it into small pieces and then washing it
in cold water in order to get rid of free alkali and afterwards the artificial Tata-glair
thus divided is dried in stoves, or in the sun and when quite dry it is ground into a
fine powder which is packed in tin boxes.
As this powdered albumen is readily soluble in boiling water it can be used for the
preparation of a highly nutritious soup to which can be added different kinds of
vegetables and as this powdered albumen will keep good for a long time it is especially
adapted for the use of armies in time of war.
2nd. The "artificial Tata-glair." can be preserved in the form of gelatine like
coagulated and transparent albumenous masses in alcohol of say about 40%.
When the masses are to be used they are taken out of the alcohol and boiled in
water to free them from alcohol and afterwards they are placed in water wherein
they increase considerably in bulk.
The albumen prepared as described has no taste but can be impregnated with any
kind of flavouring substances which can be put into the water in which the masses
are placed. In this way it is possible to prepare different savoury alimentary products
and as they are casily digested they are useful as food not only for healthy persons
but also and specially for invalids.
3rd. The "Artificial Tata-glair" can be preserved in the form of whole eggs covered
by their natural shells. These eggs are treated in the hereinbefore described manner
then they are boiled in water for such a time as is necessary to make them hard.
These eggs can be preserved in ashes or in dry bran or the like in closed boxes and
they will keep if stored in a dry and cool place for a long time without spoiling.
When it is desired to use these eggs for the preparation of food it is necessary to
break the shell and to separate the albumen from its yoke and afterwards the proceeding
may be the same as described under the 2nd plan.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
"
The manufacture and use of the product which I have named "artificial Tata-glair
by treating eggs with alkalies or alkaline solutions with or without boiling them
substantially as hereinbefore described whether the said product be preserved by
drying and grinding to powder or by keeping it in alcohol or in the form of whole
eggs in their shells or otherwise.