A New Power Press for Pressing Glass or Metals while in a Liquid State.
Year: 1897

page_text: TRUVIDIONAL DITUITIVATION,
A New Power Press for Pressing Glass or Metals while in a Liquid
State.
I, WILLIAM HALEY, of Beaver Falls, Beaver County, Pennsylvania, in the United
States of America, Mould Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
A
The power press is mounted on wheels to enable an easy movement from one
position to another. Wheels and axles are fixed to a frame under bed plate or
table. Fixed in this frame and under bed plate, are three shafts to fit in suitable
boxes or steps, and running parallel with each other and crosswise with the front
of bed plate. The back shaft projects on each end, to receive pulleys to connect
with pulleys above on counter shaft. These pulleys can be plain or grooved, for
belt or rope or other connection according to the nature of the motive power.
lever is attached to counter shaft (which is overhead) and within easy reach of
the operator of the power press, to enable him to start or stop the machine. On
back shaft is fixed a small gear connected to a large gear on middle shaft. On
middle shaft is a gear connected with front or third shaft. This third shaft pro-
jects on each end beyond the frame, and has cranks fixed on each end, with pins
or studs to connect with rods that extend above bed plate, and connect with yoke
above. This voke has four holes through it to enable it to slide up or down on
four pillars. These four pillars are secured to the bed plate to keep them in an
pright position. Between each set of pillars are two upright spindles with threads
cut on each the full length of same. These spindles connect through the yoke and
have a nut above and a nut below, the yoke making it easy for the operator to
adiust spindle as needful. The lower nut is made to form a cushion for a heavy
spiral spring round each spindle which spring adjusts itself according to quantity
of metal in the mould to be pressed. Near to bottom of spindle is fixed a plate by
two nuts, one under and one above. This plate is known as spring plate, and has
four rods with a spiral spring on each rod working loosely. Each rod is fastened
or secured to shoulder on bottom plate and held with nuts on top plate. These
spring plates enable the press to give a vielding pressure, at the same time holding
the ring securely on the top of mould while the plunger is passing through it.
There being a nut above and a nut below allows the spring plate to be adiustable.
Through each crosshead is a slot on each side of spindle, running parallel with
crosshead. In this slot are two jaws having a pin passing through the crosshead
and through the jaw, thus forming a pivot. The upper part is bevelled to corre-
spond with a bevelled nut that will form a clutch when moved down causing the
jaws to close. These jaws are projections that hold to the plunger when nut above
is screwed down. On the bed plate are fixed guides or stops that are adjustable to
any size of mould that may be used. Also a windpipe having another pipe tele-
scoped within it and a nozzle at each end, whereby the wind when connected can be
made to blow at any point of plunger desirable, and lifts un and comes down at the
same time as the plunger. When in operation the mould containing the metal

page_text: to be pressed is pushed under the plunger and against the guides or stops, the
plunger comes down and thereby forms the required shape of ware. While this
is being done, another mould is being filled up with metal and is ready to put under
plunger No. 2 when the plunger No. 1 is withdrawn thus being able to use two
plungers alternately, keeping the press in continuous operation.
Alongside of press and on a level with bed plate is another stand or table having
a moveable circular table that revolves on its own pivot and is held in its own frame,
that carries the empty moulds after glass is turned out, round into position for the
operator to use again. Over the table is suspended and fixed to the table a hollow
chest or reservoir with nozzle on top to connect with windpipes, and holes in the
bottom of chest or reservoir through which the wind can blow into the empty
moulds as they.are getting into position to be refilled.
Dated this 20th day of November 1897.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New Power Press for Pressing Glass or Metals while in a Liquid
State.
I, WILLIAM HALEY, formerly of Beaver Falls, Beaver County, Pennsylvania,
United States, now of 55, Warren Street, Saville Town, Dewsbury, in the County
of York, Mould and Machinery Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to the provision of a new or improved press for use in
moulding glassware such as jars, jugs, bottles and similar objects, and one that can
be operated by any suitable motive power, the primary object of the invention
being to construct a press by means of which the articles referred to can be more
expeditiously pressed than has hitherto been the case and the output of ware very
largely increased.
Prior to the date of my invention articles of the kind referred to have been
pressed by power and hand presses, the output of which has been very low besides
which such presses possess many defects, amongst which may be mentioned the
liability of the plungers used therewith to become heated to such an extent that the
glass adheres to them when the plunger is being raised and so causes breakages
of the ware with the consequent serious loss in material and time. In addition to
these defects it is found that the moulds get very hot and cannot be readily cooled
as they are both large and cumbrous and generally attached to the machine.
In order to avoid such defects and to provide for the large and rapid production
of glassware of the kind referred to my invention consists essentially in the general
construction combination and arrangement of parts of several forms of power-
press; that is to say of a press in which the moulds containing the molten glass
are alternately or simultaneously moved upwards against stationary or yielding
plungers a press in which yielding plungers are moved downwards towards and
in contact with stationary moulds; a press in which the plungers are alternately
moved in a horizontal plane and downwards towards the moulds; a press provided
with means for allowing elastic or yielding action of the plungers; and means for
cooling the plungers on leaving the glass moulds and whilst the press is in opera-
tion. My invention also further consists in means whereby the ware and moulds
may be efficiently and expeditiously cooled.
The constructional details of my invention will be fully described hereinafter

page_text: and expressly pointed out in the claims with reference to the accompanying draw-
ings in which
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a glass press with yielding plungers and moulds
that move upwards towards the latter.
Fig. 2 an end elevation of same.
Fig. 3 a front elevation of a press in which the plungers move towards stationary
moulds.
Fig. 4 an end elevation of same.
Fig. 5 a front elevation of a press in which the plungers have an alternate
horizontal and downward movement towards the moulds.
Fig. 6 an end elevation of the table or means for cooling the moulds and glass-
ware.
Fig. 7 a side elevation of same.
Fig. 8 a plan of the cooling tube or ring and,
Fig. 9 a plan of the table.
In carrying my invention into effect and referring for the present more particu-
larly to Figs. 1 and 2, I provide a suitable and convenient framework A and mount
it upon wheels B so that it may be readily moved about in proximity to the glass
furnace. This frame supports a table C on which the moulds D containing the
glass to be pressed, are placed and above it is a superposed framework consisting.
of buttress arms E and two or more-preferably two-pillars F for supporting the
plunger mechanism. The moulds Dare given a rising and falling movement
towards and from the plungers G by means of the following mechanism which may
be operated by a suitable motor carried by the frame A, as referred to in my Pro-
visional Specification, but which I do not deem it necessary to indicate:-A shaft a
carries a driving pulley band a pinion c which gears into a spur wheel d on the
same shaft as which is a second pinion driving a wheel e fixed on a shaft f carrying
a pair of suitably shaped cams f¹ which as will be seen are arranged diametrically
opposite each other on the shaft f so as to give an alternate upward and downward
motion to each of the moulds D). These cams are therefore given a constant rotary
motion during which they bear against bowls g carried by the lower ends of slides gl
working in guides h attached to the underside of table C. The slides g' have
tables at the top end provided with adjustable stops for keeping the moulds 1)
in correct position whilst the glass is being pressed.
The plunger mechanism is arranged as follows: On the pillars F is a cross-
head H, held in position by collars and having two bosses through which are
passed screwed spindles J, provided with nuts or wheels ; whereby the height of
the plungers G from the table C can be easily regulated. On the spindles below
the crosshead are nuts between which and the underside of the latter are springs j".
These springs form cushions the resisting power of which can be easily adjusted
by nuts in accordance with the quantity and character of the molten metal in the
moulds 1. Towards the lower ends of the spindles J is fixed, by means of nuts k,
a plate K and below the latter is a second plate K' in which are fixed four rods ¹
the upper ends of which pass freely through plate K and carry nuts on their ends.
The rods are surrounded by springs whose tendency is to keep the plate K¹ pressed
downwards with a yielding action against the upper portion of the moulds D) when
the latter are being forced against the plungers. The nuts supporting the plate K
are adjustable to enable the latter and plate K¹ to be vertically regulated with
respect to the moulds D.
The plungers G are so coupled to the spindles J that they may be readily removed
therefrom when required. On each spindle J is screwed a bevelled collar L pro-
vided with suitable means for turning it round and capable of sliding on the
pillars Fabout the same height of the collars is a crosshead L' in which is formed,
near to the spindles J, two slots--one on either side of each spindle. Pivoted in each
of these slots by pins are levers the upper ends of which are bevelled and the
lower ends cut out as shown whilst the upper end of each plunger is provided with
a flange corresponding to the cut out portion of the levers. The arrangement

page_text: forms a clutch, made operative to grip the plungers by screwing down the collar L,
causing it to expand the upper ends of levers and contract their lower ends on
to the flanges of the plungers. The latter are guided centrally by the lower ends
of spindles J.
The operation of the mechanism described is as follows:-The press is set in
operation and the moulds D are first provided with the requisite quantity of molten
glass and then placed in position between the stops on the tables g, which by
means of the slides gland cams f¹, are given an alternate rising and falling move-
ment, the upward movement bringing each mould alternately into contact with its
corresponding plunger G, so as to surround the latter with metal to be pressed to
shape in the mould, and removing it away therefrom on the downward movement.
As each table g recedes from the plunger a mould is removed and a fresh one sub-
stituted, the pressed moulds being pushed to one side towards the compressed air
apparatus to be hereafter referred to and by which the moulding operation is com-
pleted. The plates K, K', with their spring arrangements exert a yielding pressure
on the tops of the moulds to keep them in position during pressing whilst the
springs allow of a vertically yielding movement to the spindles as already
explained. The alternating movement allows the press to be kept in continuous
operation and a large output of pressed ware to be obtained.
The means for applying compressed air to mould the ware to shape in the moulds,
instead of utilising the lungs of the glass operatives, consist of pipes M which are
connected to a suitable air compressor. The air is led through these pipes to a
union m through which is passed a vertical pipe M having at the lower end a
nozzle m to engage with the opening in the mould D. As the moulds are removed
from the tables of the press they are placed under the nozzles and the glass is
blown to the shape of the mould. The pipes are held in position by suitable
brackets m coupled to the pillars F. A compressed air arrangement is fitted at
each side of the press as shown in Fig. 1.
Referring now to Figs. 3 and 4 in which similar letters indicate similar parts
to those in Figs. 1 and 2 it will be seen that instead of the moulds 1) being raised
to the plungers G, the latter are caused to descend to the moulds, both plungers
in this case operating simultaneously. The construction of the plungers is exactly
the same as in Figs. 1 and 2. To carry out the downward action the cam shaft f,
instead of having cams fixed on it, is provided with cranks N to which
are coupled the lower ends of connecting rods N¹ the upper ends of which are, in
turn, coupled to studs n projecting from the crosshead H. The shaft f is given a
constant rotary movement so as to carry the cranks over the dead centre and to
slide the crosshead H, up and down on the pillars F so bringing the plungers G
to the moulds for the purpose already described.
In this machine I have also indicated the means I adopt for cooling the plungers
after having been in the moulds, and so preventing the molten metal adhering
to them and becoming spoilt or broken. The arrangement consists of two air,
water or vapour conveying pipes O, carried by brackets o, fixed to the framework
of the machine. Telescoping in these pipes are smaller pipes 0 coupled to the
crosshead L', by brackets, and having at their lower ends projecting nozzles P,
which direct the air or other cooling medium against the plungers G to cool them.
The pipes O, rise and fall with the crossheads H, and L', the arrangement being
such as to allow the nozzles P to be adjusted to direct the air on to the plungers
at any point desired, each time they leave the moulds. By these means the plungers
are kept in perfect working order at all times, a matter of paramount importance
with rapidly working machines.
In Fig. 5 I have shown a still further modification of the arrangement for work-
ing the plungers, in this case the motion being an alternate horizontal and down-
ward one towards the moulds. In this figure also like parts to those in the former
drawings are indicated by similar letters. The cranks N and connecting rods N¹
give the downward movement to the crossheads H and L' and plungers G as in
Figs. 3 and 4 to bring the latter to the moulds. The plates K and K¹ are in this

page_text: machine supported by the table C the rods
passing through the latter, to the
plate K which has attached to it a slide the lower end of which carries a bowl
engaging with a groove in a shrouded eam fixed on shaft f. This cam is so
timed with relation to the downward movement of the plungers that the plate K
is brought into contact with the mould I just prior to the plunger G entering it.
The plungers have in addition to the downward movement, a horizontal one whilst
they are away from the moulds. This movement is provided for by the following
arrangement: The plungers are secured in suitable clutches or chucks G¹ which
are in turn coupled to a horizontal slide Q carried by the crosshead L', the slide Q
having an upwardly projecting slotted plate q. Pivoted to a bracket r on the
table C is a lever R the upper end of which carries a stud and bowl that engage
with the slot in plate g whilst the lower end of the lever carries a similar stud and
bowl for engaging with a groove in a cam R¹. The latter is mounted on a
shaft carried by bearings supported by the table C the said shaft also having
fixed on it a spur wheel S driven by a pinion s on the crank shaft f. The cam R
is so timed in relation to the movement of the cranks N, and its groove is so shaped
that a horizontal movement to the right or left is given to the slide Q, whilst the
plungers are away from the moulds D. This movement brings each
plunger G alternately in close proximity to one of the air blast nozzles P, to be
cooled, and into a central position ready for descending into the mould. The
arrangement thus allows time for one plunger to be cooling whilst the other is at
work and the moulds to be exchanged for fresh ones. The pipes for conveying the
cooling medium are arranged in a similar manner to those shown in Fig. 3.
Referring now to Figs. 6 to 9, which show the means for cooling the moulds and
ware and for the speedy release of the latter from the former, it will be seen that
the mechanism consists of a novel arrangement of table that may either be coupled
direct as indicated in Figs. 5 and 6 to the table C of any of the presses shown,
or merely brought up alongside the same as desired. The table consists of
framework T mounted on axles and wheels t. The upper surface or table has
a circular opening u as shown in Fig. 9, in which works a circular plate or table U₁
and which carries on its upper face a number of open frames or guides V to receive
the moulds having screws e to adjust the moulds and to fix them into suitable
working positions. On the table and close to the rim of circular table is fixed a
stop piece so as to bring the moulds into an exact position as required. The
frames are made open on the under side as seen in Figs. 6 and 7 to allow them to
swing over the stop piece ¹, when there is no mould in the guides, but when the
mould is in place on the table it forms a stop itself till taken out. In the centre
and underneath the circular plate is a prolonged central boss W forming a kind
of vertical shaft or centre which works in an outer sleeve w attached to the table U.
At the bottom of the sleeve is a pointed set screw w upon which the central boss
rests, forming a bearing on which the circular plate can revolve. The screw is
adjustable so as to raise and lower the circular plate when necessary. On the
table and fixed thereto is an arm " extending upwards and bent over so as to
overhang the circular table and from the end of which is suspended a circular
vessel or reservoir X which has attached to it one or more nozzles X' for the purpose
of fixing rubber hose thereto in order to convey air or other cooling medium from
any suitable source and which is made to pass out through a number of outlets c
on the under face of the reservoir to and in contact with the moulds and ware, so
cooling them.
The machines I have described are capable of pressing all kinds of glass ware of
the nature indicated, the mechanism being of such a character that the machines
not only work at a rapid rate but continuously also and therefore have a large
output of ware. The arrangement of continuously rotating cams and cranks
together with the adjustable spring buffer and spring plate mechanism enables the
glass to be pressed to shape without any danger of crushing during the process,
whilst the application of the means for cooling the plungers is of inestimable advan-
tage in the continuous working of the machines. In each type of machine

page_text: described, ware of various sizes and character can be pressed, thus in the machine
shown in Figs. 1 and 2, say, a half pint tumbler, bottle or jar may be pressed at
the left hand side while a pint tumbler or the like may be pressed at the right hand
side. In fact the varied character of the ware pressed on one machine, without
requiring any part of the mechanism to be changed, is only limited by the number
of plungers the machine is fitted with and which may work independently or in
unison, and here I would have it distinctly understood that I do not limit myself
to the number of plungers I may employ in any one machine, nor to the exact
details of construction described, as it will be obvious to those skilled in the art
to which this invention relates, and also to constructional engineers, that such
details may be departed from without affecting the general spirit of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what
I claim is:
1. A machine for pressing glassware metal and the like operated by any suitable
motive power and characterized by two adjustable plungers capable of yielding
to the pressure of glass in the moulds; two alternately rising and falling tables
carrying the moulds containing the glass to be pressed, two constantly rotating
cams and attendant mechanism for accomplishing their rotation and causing the
mould-carrying tables to have an alternate rising and falling movement towards
and from the plungers and a spring plate arrangement for exerting an elastic yield-
ing pressure upon the tops of the glass moulds, constructed and arranged substan-
tially in the manner and for the purposes described.
2. A machine for pressing glassware metal and the like operated by any suitable
motive power and characterized by two adjustable plungers capable of yielding
to the pressure of glass in the moulds and of being moved simultaneously to and
from the moulds containing the glass to be pressed; movable crossheads for sup-
porting the plungers; constantly rotating cranks and attendant mechanism for
giving a rising and falling movement to the crossheads and plungers carried by
them, to and from the glass-containing moulds; a table for supporting the moulds;
pipes and nozzles for conveying air, water or vapour to effect the cooling of the
plungers and a spring plate arrangement for exerting an elastic yielding pressure
upon the tops of the glass moulds, constructed and arranged substantially in the
manner and for the purposes described.
3. A machine for pressing glassware metal and the like operated by any suitable
motive power and characterized by two plungers capable of yielding to the pressure
of glass in the moulds, of being moved alternately to the right or left to effect their
cooling after having been in the moulds, and into a central position for pressing
purposes, and of being moved to and from the moulds containing the glass to be
pressed; movable crossheads for supporting the plungers; constantly rotating
cranks and attendant mechanism for giving a rising and falling movement to the
crossheads and plungers carried by them, to and from the glass containing moulds:
cam and lever mechanism for giving horizontal movement to the slide carrying
the plungers; combined cam and spring plate mechanism for keeping the moulds
in position during pressing; pipes and nozzles for conveying air, water and vapour
to effect the cooling of the plungers and a spring plate arrangement for exerting
an elastic yielding pressure upon the tops of the moulds, constructed and arranged
substantially in the manner and for the purposes described.
4. A power machine for pressing glassware metal and the like characterized by
one or more plungers, or sets of plungers operated as referred to either in Claims 1,
2 or 3 or moved towards and from the moulds separately, together with the atten-
dant mechanism for effecting the pressing of glass in the moulds constructed and
arranged substantially in the manner described.
5. In a power glass press the use of elastically yielding plungers characterized
by adjustable screws J carried by crosshead H nuts j and j springs j and clutches
or chucks for carrying the plungers all arranged substantially as described.

page_text: 6. In a power glass press the means for securing the plungers G to the spindles J
consisting of bevelled traversing nuts such as L and pivoted levers adapted to
close on the plungers substantially as described.
7. In a power glass press the means for exerting an elastic yielding pressure
upon the tops of the glass moulds during the pressing operation consisting of a
plate such as K supported by the screwed spindles J, rods k₁ surrounded by springs,
and plate K all arranged substantially as described.
8. In glass presses such as described the means for giving an alternate rising
and falling movement to each of the moulds, consisting of slides such as g¹, con-
stantly rotating cams f, and mechanism for operating then substantially as
described,
9. In a power glass press the means for giving a rising and falling movement
to the plungers G consisting of crossheads H carrying the plungers and movable
on pillars such as F, connecting rods N¹, constantly rotating cranks N and mechan-
ism for operating them, substantially as described.
10. In a power glass press means for giving an alternate right and left movement
to the plungers consisting of a rotating cam such as R' pivoted lever R, slide Q
and crosshead L', carrying same, and mechanism for rotating the cam, all arranged
substantially as described.
11. In a power glass press the use of pipes such as 0 and 0¹ and nozzles P for
conveying and discharging air, water or vapour from a suitable source onto the
plungers for the purpose of cooling them after being in the moulds and previous
to their re-entry into other moulds, all arranged substantially as described.
12. In a power glass press, means for bringing the spring plate mechanism into
contact with the mould consisting of a cam such as ", slide K" carrying a bowl
for engaging with cam k¹ and coupled to plate K¹ all arranged substantially as
described.
13. The use in combination with a glass press or as a separate machine of the
means for cooling the ware and moulds consisting of a table mounted on wheels,
a revolving table mounted on a central pivot and provided with guides to hold
the moulds and a suspended vessel provided with inlet and outlet nozzles for con-
veying and distributing a cooling medium such as air onto the moulds and ware
constructed and arranged substantially as described.
14. A cooling table for glass ware constructed and arranged substantially as
described and as shown with reference to the accompanying drawings Figs. 6, 7,
8 and 9.
15. The general construction, combination and arrangement of parts forming
my improved glass presses substantially as described and as shown with reference
either to Figs. 1 and 2, Figs. 3 and 4 or Fig. 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Taid this 17th day of Sontember 1898-
TAYLOR & FIRTH,
Osborne Chambers, 48, Sunbridge Road, Bradford,
And Swan Chambers, 69, Market Street, Manchester,
Agents for the Applicant.