Improvements in Water-tube Boilers, and in Tube Fastenings for such Boilers.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 16th May, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 15th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 20th Apr., 1895 -
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water-tube Boilers, and in Tube Fastenings for
such Boilers.
I, JOHN HAYTHORN, of Eastwood Engine Works, Pollokshaws, in the County
of Renfrew, North Britain, Eugineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows, that is to say :-
My said invention has for its object to improve the construction of water-tube
boilers.
In one modification of my improved boilers, as made for one furnace, there are
two stacks of water tubes, large parts of which are vertical, their lower ends being
fixed into horizontal cylinders or large pipes, whilst their upper ends are fixed
into upper horizontal cylinders or large pipes. The end parts of the tubes are
bent so as to be normal to the parts of the cylinders to which they are fixed.
The fire space is between the two stacks of tubes, and at a suitable height there is
a firebrick slab or partition which causes the fire gases to divide and pass amongst
the tubes on each side, the fire gases returning towards the middle again above
the partition. Some of the tubes of each stack are made to cross over at their
upper parts and are connected to the upper horizontal cylinder on the other side in
each case.
The upper horizontal cylinders are connected by several tubes with an
upper steam cylinder or drum. The descent of the water is provided for by a
row of large tubes fixed in the middles of the bottoms of the upper cylinders and
in the middles of the tops of the lower cylinders. The tubes furthest from the
furnace space in the case of each stack are arranged so as for a large part of their
extent to be close together or nearly so, in order to confine the fire gases.
In a modification for two furnaces there are three stacks of water tubes each
stack fixed in lower and upper horizontal cylinders, the latter being connected by
tubes with one or more higher steam cylinders or drums, there being crossing
connecting tubes between the stacks and upper horizontal cylinders, and between
the latter and the steam cylinder or cylinders.
Other modifications may be formed with more than three stacks of water tubes,
the arrangements connected therewith being similar to what is herein before
described.
Instead of the parts to which the stacks of water tubes are fixed being
cylindrical they may be of any other convenient form and may consist of plates
or parts bolted together.
I am enabled to make the horizontal cylinders or large pipes to which the water
tubes are fixed smaller than would otherwise be necessary in consequence of
employing an improved fastening which is secured from the outside so that the
cylinders do not require to be large enough to admit a workman to fix the tubes
from the inside. In the cylinder pipe, or part into which a tube is to be fixed a
socket is formed with a contracted opening through its inner end equal to the
bore of the tube or a little less. The socket is internally screwed to receive an
externally screwed nut, and this nut is screwed internally to fit a screw thread
formed on the end of the tube. The screw thread on the tube is made of finer
pitch than that of the internal screw thread of the socket. When the nut, having
been screwed upon the tube end, is screwed into the socket it draws the tube in
and forces its end tightly against the contracted inner end of the socket. The end

page_text: of the tube may bear on a flat or conical surface at the inner end of the socket, or
a washer of copper or other suitable material may be interposed to form a tight
joint; or again, a short tubular piece may be interposed, so that the tube end
need not enter the socket, the nut being in such case made long and strong enough
to sufficiently support the tube.
In a second modification of the fastening a nipple is formed protruding from
the cylinder, pipe, or part to which the water tube is to be connected and a nut
or tubular coupling is screwed on the tube end and on the nipple, the screw thread
on the tube being of finer pitch than that on the nipple.
Dated this Fifteenth day of May 1894.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.
Improvements in Water-tube Boilers, and in Tube Fastenings for
such Boilers.
I, JOHN HAYTHORN, formerly of Eastwood Engine Works, Pollokshaws, in
the County of Renfrew, but now of 82, Gordon Street, in the County of Glasgow,
North Britain Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, that is to say:—
My said invention has for its object to improve the construction of water-tabe
boilers.
In one modification of my improved boilers, as made for one furnace, there are
two stacks of water tubes, large parts of which are vertical, their lower ends being
fixed into horizontal cylinders or large pipes, whilst their upper ends are fixed into
upper horizontal cylinders or large pipes. The fire space is between the two
stacks of tubes, and at a suitable height there is a firebrick slab or partition
which causes the fire gases to divide and pass amongst the tubes on each side, the
fire gases returning towards the middle again above the partition. Some of the
tubes of each stack are made to cross over at their upper parts and are connected
to the upper horizontal cylinder on the other side in each case. The upper-
horizontal cylinders are connected by several tubes with an upper steam cylinder
or drum. The descent of the water is provided for by a row of large tubes fixed
in the middles of the bottoms of the upper cylinders and in the middles of the tops
of the lower cylinders.
Other modifications may be formed with two or more furnaces, and with three
or more stacks of tubes, the arrangements connected therewith: being similar to
what is herein before described.
The invention also comprises certain improved fastenings by means of which
the water tubes can be fixed to the cylinders or pipes from the outside.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings,
to be hereinafter referred to, and showing my improvements in water-tube boilers.
Figures, 1, and 2, of the drawings are vertical sections, as at right angles to
each other, of one modification of the improved boiler.
Figure, 3, is a view showing the application of several modifications of the
improved water-tube fastening.
In these drawings the same reference letters are used to mark the same or like
parts wherever they are repeated.
In one modification of my improved boilers, as made for one furnace and shown
in Figures, 1, and 2, of the drawings, there are two stacks of water tubes, A,

page_text: and B, large parts of which are vertical, their lower ends being fixed into horizontal
cylinders or large pipes, C, and D, whilst their upper ends are fixed into upper
horizontal cylinders or large pipes, F, and G. The end parts of the tubes, A.,
and B, are bent so as to be normal to the parts of the cylinders, C, D, F, and G,
to which they are fixed. The fire space, H, is between the two stacks of tubes, A,
and B, and at a suitable height there is a fire-brick slab or partition, J, which
causes the fire gases to divide and pass amongst the tubes, A, and B, on each side,
the fire gases returning towards the middle again above the partition. Some
tubes, K, of each stack, A, and B, are made to cross over at their upper parts and
are connected to the upper horizontal cylinder, F, or G, on the other side in each
case. The upper horizontal cylinders, F, and G, are connected by several tubes, L,
with an upper steam cylinder or drum, M. The descent of the water is provided
for by a row of large tubes, N, fixed in the middles of the bottoms of the upper
cylinders, F, and G, and in the middles of the tops of the lower cylinders, C,
and D. The tubes furthest from the furnace space, H, in the case of each
stack, A, or B, are arranged so as for a large part of their extent to be close
together or nearly so, in order to confine the fire gases.
In a modification for two furnaces, (which is not shown in the drawings) there
are three stacks of water tubes each stack fixed in lower and upper horizontal
cylinders, the latter being connected by tubes with one or more higher steam
cylinders or drums, there being crossing connecting tubes between the stacks and
upper horizontal cylinders, and between the latter and the steam cylinder or
cylinders.
Other modifications may be formed with more than three stacks of water
tubes, the arrangements connected therewith being similar to what is bereinbefore
described.
Instead of the parts to which the stacks of water tubes are fixed being cylindrical
they may be of any other convenient form and may consist of plates or parts
bolted together.
I am enabled to make the horizontal cylinders or large pipes, (C, D, F, and G,)
to which the water tubes, A, and B, are fixed smaller than would otherwise be
necessary in consequence of employing an improved fastening which is secured from
the outside so that the cylinders do not require to be large enough to admit a
workman to fix the tubes from the inside. In the cylinder, pipe, or part, C, D, F,
and G, into which a tube, A, B, is to be fixed a socket is formed with a con-
tracted opening, P, through its inner end cqual to the bore of the tube or a little
less. The socket is internally screwed to receive an externally screwed nut, Q,
and this nut is screwed internally to fit a screw thread formed on the end of the
tube, A, B. The screw thread on the tube is made of finer pitch than that of the
internal screw thread of the socket. When the nut, Q, having been screwed upon
the tube end, is screwed into the socket, it draws the tube in and forces its end
tightly against the contracted inner end of the socket. The end of the tube may
according to different modifications bear on a flat surface, R, or a conical surface, S,
at the inner end of the socket, or a washer, T, of copper or other suitable material
may be interposed to form a tight joint; or again a short tubular piece, U, may
be interposed so that the tube end need not enter the socket, the nut, Q, being
in such case made long and strong enough to sufficiently support the tube.
In another modification of the fastening a nipple, V, is formed protruding from
the cylinder, pipe or part to which the water tube is to be connected and a nut or
tubular coupling, Q, is screwed on the tube end and on the nipple, the screw thread
on the tube being of finer pitch than that on the nipple. A short tubular piece, U,
is interposed between the tube and the nipple, V.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The improved combination of parts constituting of
whole
motor tube

page_text: boiler with one or more furnaces and substantially such as is bereinbefore described
with reference to Figures, 1, and 2, of the accompanying drawings.
2. The improved fastenings for securing tubes of water-tube boilers to cylinders,
pipes, or other parts, and each consisting essentially of a nut or short tube having
two screw threads of different pitches one of which threads screws upon the tube
end and the other in a socket or on a nipple formed in or on the cylinder, pipe, or
other part, the said different screw threads being and acting substantially as herein-
before described.
Dated this Fourteenth day of February 1895.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.