Improvements in Carburettors.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 28th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 30th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carburettors.
I, MOSKA MERICHENSKI of No. 1 Bruce Castle Road, Tottenham in the
County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has for its object a carburettor in which the mixture of oil vapours
and of air or illuminating gas is obtained in an advantageous manner by saturating
with oil a mass composed of wood in chips or crushed into a mass, so as to present
a large evaporating surface.
The annexed drawing illustrates an apparatus of rectangular shape and an appa-
ratus of circular shape.
Fig. 1. is a longitudinal section of the rectangular apparatus taken on the line C, D,
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. is a plan in section thereof taken on the line E, F, Fig. 1.
Fig. 3. is a transverse section thereof, taken on the line A, B., Fig. 2.
Fig. 4. is an elevation of a circular apparatus ;
Fig. 5. is a sectional plan thereof.
The rectangular apparatus is composed of a box or reservoir a in which are
vertical partition walls b compelling the illuminating gas entering at c to follow a
zigzag course before reaching the outlet d; in the circular apparatus (Figures 5 & 6)
this zigzag course is replaced by a spiral course of corresponding length. In both
these apparatus the combustible gas before reaching the outlet, passes through a
perforated partition e & purifies itself and cools down in a small chamber f filled
with charcoal.
The oil is introduced by a funnel-shaped opening h, the air or gas escaping
through the opening i.
When it is desired to burn non-carburetted gas, the inlet cock cand the outlet are
shut, and the cock of the pipe g is opened, thus establishing a direct communication
between the pipes c & d.
When, on the contrary it is desired to work the apparatus, the cock of g is shut
and the two others are opened.
These machines are constructed of glass, earthenware, copper, leaded iron, or
other suitable material. They may be of one, two, three or any number of floors in
height and in circumference or length and breadth of such superficial area as
required for a given number of lights or a given quantity of heat. They may be
built either round or square, as preferred, or as to the particular place in which they
are to work. If built of glass, they may be cast from the refuse material of the
glass works, or blown out with the blow pipe. If built of earthenware, they must
be glazed on the inside. If built of metal, rolled copper is preferable, although
leaded iron may be employed.
The partitions must be gas proof at the top, and must extend to the bottom but
not fastened at the bottom, the oil having a free flow all over the bottom of the
machine. One end of the partitions is fastened gas proof to the machine, the other
end having the bottom half (1) away so as to permit of the gas travelling freely
through the avenues.
A portion of the last avenue is cut off by a perforated partition, and the gas
before leaving the machine rests for a moment on a charcoal or mineral wool bed.
All other parts of the machine are packed with a light wood, crushed into a mass.
This wood should be free from pitch or resinous matter, and of an absorbent character
with capillary attributes.
As the gas or air being carburetted does not come in contact with the oil, but

page_text: takes its carbon solely from the packing, automatic feed are unnecessary except in
special cases such feed may be introduced by a simple float and valve arrange-
ment.
The reservoir for the oil may be placed near the machine or at a distance, as
may be convenient, and above or below the ground. In very hot and very cold
climates, it is better to place both machine and reservoir below ground.
Small machines may be fed daily or as often as required, by pouring the oil into
the machine from a can or vessel. Large machines may be provided with a
reservoir and sub-reservoir from which the oil is measured off by opening cocks, as
desired; or the end of the pipe leading from the reservoir may be connected with an
automatic feed of valve and float.
In the construction of the machine, advantage is taken of the law of capillary
attraction as relating to hydro-carbons by which the strongest or heaviest portion
of the oil attains the highest point in the packing. Thus every particle of the oil
is carried away, and residuum could only be the result of water or other foreign
substance in the oil introduced. Should this ever occur it could be removed at
pleasure by siphon or suction.
The charcoal or mineral wool bed operates as a cooling or condensation chamber,
precipitating any surplus carbon which may have been taken up.
The packing of the machine serves also to ensure the perfect mixture of the
gases in a moment; which ordinarily requires a considerable length of time.
The volatilisation being the same in all parts of the machine except in the con-
densation chamber, congealing resulting from overworking is almost impossible.
Should it be necessary to overtax the working capacity of the machine freezing
may be prevented by a lead or other pipe arranged in the machine.
This pipe
enters the rectangular apparatus Figure 1. about half way in the first avenue, see
Fig. 2, reaches down to the bottom, follows the same course as the air or gas which
is to be carburetted, then rises and issues out of the apparatus, at 2.
This pipe is fed with water at a suitable temperature to prevent freezing, and its
outlet 2 may be connected with a waste pipe, not shown. Or instead of a pipe a
plate of iron or other metal, good conductor of heat may be placed under the
machine and be heated by means of one or more jets of gas.
In the modification of apparatus shown in Figures 4 & 5, the anti-freezing pipe
is preferably arranged as indicated in dotted lines, 1 being the inlet and 2 the
outlet.
Freezing may also be prevented by a water jacket around the bottom connected
with the hydrant, into which water of ordinary hydrant temperature may be
occasionally, very little water sufficing to keep up proper action.
Ordinary city gas as furnished to consumers must necessarily be very light to
ensure its travel over the uneven surfaces of the city, the altitude varying in many
cases several hundred feet. The two principal component parts of illuminating gas
are marsh gas & hydrogen gas-the latter fourteen times lighter than air-and the
olefiant and illuminant property being less than twelve per cent. of the compound.
This machine is designed to be introduced locally in buildings, blocks or squares,
& adds to the compound only olefiant property, raising its illuminating power
from 12% to 50%, & rendering the combustion perfect. The carbonic acid gas,
so deadly to human beings and to delicate plants, and the sulphureous gases so
destructive to brass finishings in the rooms are both wholly consumed when the gas
has been treated by this process. This renders the improved gas a sanitary feature
in the sick-room where ordinary gas is now prohibited, and also enables the artizan
to use it in the most delicate metal manufactures.
As the gas leaves the machine at a temperature but a little above freezing, it
begins to expand the moment it has made its exit, hence condensation in the pipes
would be a physical impossibility.
In carburetting air, the addition of an air pressure machine is necessary. Steady
pressure being requisite, water blowers moving by weight and pulley are recom-
mended. If the air should be taken from high pressure or irregular blowers, a

page_text: governor would be indispensable: Gas made from air and oil being heavier than
the ordinary atmosphere, the pressure at the upper floor of a building would be a
trifle less than on the ground floor, while the reverse is the case with ordinary
coal gas.
The object attained by this combination of natural laws and mechanics, is to
transfer the wick of the ordinary oil lamp from the lamp to the machine-to produce
the gas by disintegration by means of a large number of wicks at a point remote
from the burner instead of by heat at the point of combustion-and to send it to
the burner under cold pressure, instead of using the current caused by the upward
tendency of heat,-a single machine supplying any number of lights.
Dated this 25th day of April 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carburettors.
I, MOSKA MERICHENSKI, of No. 1 Bruce Castle Road, Tottenham, England,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object a carburettor in which the mixture of oil vapours
and of air or illuminating gas is obtained in an advantageous manner by saturating
with oil a mass composed of wood in chips or crushed into a mass so as to present a
large evaporating surface.
Reference being had to the drawing annexed to my Provisional Specification,
the said drawing illustrates an apparatus of rectangular shape, and an apparatus of
circular shane
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object a carburettor in which the mixture of oil vapours
and of air or illuminating gas is obtained in an advantageous manner by saturating
with oil a mass composed of wood in chips or crushed into a mass so as to present a
large evaporating surface.
Reference being had to the drawing annexed to my Provisional Specification,
the said drawing illustrates an apparatus of rectangular shape, and an apparatus of
circular shape
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the rectangular apparatus, taken on the line C, D,
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a plan in section thereof, taken on the line E, F, Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section thereof, taken on the line A, B, Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is an elevation of a circular apparatus.
Fig. 5 is a sectional plan thereof.
The rectangular apparatus is composed of a box or reservoir a in which are
vertical partition walls & compelling the illuminating gas entering at e to follow a
zigzag course before reaching the outlet d; in the circular apparatus (Figs. 5 & 6),
this zigzag course is replaced by a spiral one of corresponding length. In both
these apparatus, the combustible gas before reaching the outlet d, passes through a
perforated partition e & purifies itself and cools down in a small compartment filled
with charcoal.
The oil is introduced by a funnel-shaped opening h, the air or gas escaping
through the opening i.
When it is desired to burn non-carburetted gas, the inlet cock c and the outlet d
are shut, and the cock of the pipe g is opened, thus establishing a direct com-
munication between the pipes c & d.
When on the contrary it is desired to work the apparatus, the cock of 9 is shut
and the two others are opened.
These machines are constructed of glass, earthenware, copper leaded iron or
other suitable material. They may be of one, two three or any numbers of floors in
height, & in circumference or length and breadth of such superficial area as
required for a given number of lights or a given quantity of heat. They may
be built either round or square as preferred, or as to the particular place in
which they are to work. If built of glass, they may be cast from the refuse
material of the glass-works, or blown out with the blow-pipe. If built of

page_text: earthen-ware, they must be glazed on the inside. If built of metal, rolled copper
is preferable, although leaded iron may be employed.
The partitions must be gas proof at the top, and must extend to the bottom,
but not fastened at the bottom the oil having a free flow all over the bottom
of the machine. One end of the partitions is fastened gas proof to the machine,
the other end having the bottom half cut away, so as to permit of the gas travelling
freely through the avenues.
A portion of the last avenue is cut off by a perforated partition, and the gas
before leaving the machine rests for a moment on a charcoal or mineral wool bed.
All other parts of the machine are packed with a light wood, crushed into a mass.
This wood should be free from pitch or resinous matter, and of an absorbent
character with capillary attributes.
As the gas or air being carburetted does not come in contact with the oil, but
takes its carbon solely from the packing, no automatic feed is necessary except in
special cases; such feed may be effected by a simple float and valve arrange-
ment.
The reservoir for the oil may be placed near the machine or at a distance, as may
be convenient, and above or below ground. In very hot or very cold climates, it is
better to place both machine and reservoir below ground.
Small machines may be fed daily or as often as required, by pouring the oil into
the machine from a can or vessel. Large machines may be provided with a
reservoir and sub-reservoir, from which the oil is measured off by opening cocks as
desired; or the end of the pipe leading from the reservoir may be connected with
an automatic feed composed of a valve and float.
In the construction of the machine, advantage is taken of the law of capillary
attraction as relating to hydrocarbons by which the strongest or heaviest portion of
the oil attains the highest point in the packing. Thus every particle of the oil is
carried away, and residuum could only be the result of water or other foreign
substance in the oil introduced. Should this ever occur, it could be removed at
pleasure by syphon or suction.
The charcoal or mineral wool bed operates as a cooling or condensing chamber,
precipitating any surplus carbon which may have been taken up.
The packing of the machine serves also to ensure the perfect mixture of the gases
in a moment; which ordinarily requires a considerable length of time.
The volatilisation being the same in all parts of the machine except in the
condensing chamber, congealing resulting from overworking is almost impossible.
Should it be necessary to overtax the working capacity of the machine, freezing
may be prevented by a lead or other pipe arranged in the machine. This pipe
enters the rectangular apparatus at 1 about half way in the first avenue, see Fig. 2.
reaches down to the bottom follows the same course as the air or gas which is to be
carburetted, then rises and issues out of the apparatus at 2.
This pipe is fed with water at a suitable temperature to prevent freezing, and its
outlet 2 may be connected with a waste pipe, not shown. Or instead of a pipe, a
plate of iron or other metal, good conductor of heat may be placed under the
machine and be heated by means of one or more jets of gas.
In the modification of apparatus shown in Figs. 4 & 5 the anti-freezing pipe is
preferably arranged as indicated in dotted lines, 1 being the inlet, and 2 the
outlet.
Freezing may also be prevented by a waterjacket around the bottom connected
with the hydrant, into which water of ordinary hydrant temperature may be
occasionally poured, very little water sufficing to keep up proper action.
Ordinary city gas as furnished to consumers must necessarily be very light to
ensure its travel over the uneven surfaces of the city, the altitude varying in many
cases several hundred feet. The two principal component parts of illuminating
gas are marsh gas and hydrogen gas-the latter fourteen times lighter than air-
and the olefiant and illuminant property being less than twelve per cent. of the
compound.

page_text: This machine is designed to be introduced locally in buildings, blocks or squares,
and adds to the compound only olefiant property, raising its illuminating power
from 12% to 50% and rendering combustion perfect.
The carbonic oxide gas, so deadly to human beings and to delicate plants, and the
sulphurous gases so destructive to brass finishings in the rooms, are both wholly
consumed when the gas has been treated by this process. This renders the
improved gas a sanitary feature in the sick room, where ordinary gas is now
prohibited, and also enables the artizan to use it in the most delicate metal
manufactures.
As the gas leaves the machine at a temperature but a little above freezing point,
it begins to expand the moment it has made its exit, hence condensation in the pipes
would be a physical impossibility.
In carburetting air, the addition of an air pressure machine is necessary. Steady
pressure being requisite, water blowers, moving by weight and pulley are recom-
mended. If the air should be taken from high pressure or irregular blowers, a
governor would be indispensable. Gas made from air and oil being heavier than
the ordinary atmosphere the pressure at the upper floor of a building would be a
trifle less than on the ground floor, while the reverse is the case with ordinary
coal gas.
The object attained by this combination of natural laws and mechanics, is to
transfer the wick of the ordinary oil lamp from the lamp to the machine-to
produce the gas by disintegration by means of a large number of wicks at a point
remote from the burner, instead of by heat at the point of combustion-and to send
it to the burner under cold pressure, instead of using the current caused by the
npward tendency of heat, a single machine supplying any number of lights.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An apparatus for carburetting air or gas composed of a reservoir a within
which are partitions 6 for causing the air to be carburetted to follow the longest
possible course through the filling material composed of wood shavings or the like, the
said material being impregnated with oil and completely filling the compartment
formed by the partitions b, with the exception of the compartment which is
separated from the others by a perforated wall e and charged with charcoal or
mineral wool and through which the carburetted air is caused to pass and to be
cooled and purified before leaving the apparatus.
2. The combination with the apparatus set forth in Claim 1, of inlet and outlet
pipes c, d for the gas, both pipes provided with cocks and connected by a branch g,
which is likewise provided with a cock, for the purpose of starting and stopping the
action of the apparatus.
3. The combination with the devices set forth in Claims 1 & 2, of a pipe h for
the inlet of the carburetting oil and of a pipe i for the outlet of the air expelled
as the oil enters, the feeding action being effected directly or by means of a
reservoir.
4. The combination with the devices set forth in Claims 1, 2 & 3, of a pipe 1, 2
arranged within the reservoir a and through which a cooling or refrigerating
medium is caused to flow for the purpose of maintaining the desired temperature
inside the apparatus, all substantially as herein described and as illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
5. The improved carburettor, substantially as hereinbefore described and as
illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated thin 90th day of Decombo- 1901
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.