Improvements in the Manufacture of Cartridges.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Apr., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 25th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 1st Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cartridges.
I, JAMES PINFOLD of 233 Park Road, Aston, Birmingham in the County
of Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
--
My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of cartridges provided
with a metal base or head, which is formed separate from the body of the cartridge
and afterwards attached thereto.
It has been found that in cartridges of this kind as hitherto constructed, the
metal base is frequently attached insecurely to the body of the cartridge, from
which it is liable to be pulled by the extractor and thus to cause danger and
inconvenience to the user of the weapon in which the cartridge is employed.
The object of my said invention is to provide an improved method and means
by which the said metal base shall be so firmly secured to the cartridge body that
the separation of the two can only be effected with extreme difficulty.
According to my said invention I form the cartridge body or case of a tube of
thin metal, paper, or other suitable material. This tube at one end is partially
closed or forced inward at its edge and this partially closed end is inserted in the
metal base. This base is or may be of the usual and well known type that is to
say it is cupped and provided with a central cap chamber, and with a struck up
outwardly-projecting protuberance which forms the rim of the cartridge. I insert
the lower end of the tube into the said base so that the turned in edge of the said
tube, bears upon the bottom thereof, flush with the annular groove within the said
protuberance or rim.
To secure the body to the base I employ a disc of metal which has a suitable
number of radial slits or cuts extending for a short distance from its circumference
towards its centre and provided with a central hole for a purpose hereinafter set
forth.
The said disc after being slit as described is formed into a saucer or cup shape,
the said slits permitting this to be easily effected. Instead of slitting or cutting
the disc I sometimes corrugate or crimp it for the same purpose.
The said cup or saucer shaped disc is inserted in the cartridge body so that its
central hole receives the cap chamber and its outer edge bears upon the turned-in
portion of the inner periphery of the tube which as above stated is flush with the
aforesaid annular groove in the metal base.
Over the said disc I sometimes place a thick wad or block of paper or other
suitable material also provided with a central hole, which, when the wad or block
is in place is in line with the cap chamber.
After the disc is put in place as aforesaid pressure is exerted thereon, either
directly or through the medium of a wad or block placed over it as above described,
and by this pressure the disc will be flattened and will expand radially so as to
force the portion of the cartridge body or tube which is in contact with the circum-
ference of the disc tightly into the annular groove in the base. A disc thus
expanded will not thereafter alter in form except by the application of very con-
siderable pressure such as is not likely to come upon it when in use. If the tube
has an iron lining this will be forced with the tube into the annular groove.
In cartridges of the Boxer-Martini wrapped-case type the disc is placed on the
top of the wad or block and the disc and block are both provided with a central
hole as hereinbefore described, but in this case the upper edge of the cap chamber
is riveted over the disc to keep it in place, and the flattening of the disc expands

page_text: the cartridge-body into close contact with the portion of the base by which it is
encircled, the said portion of the base being suitably supported during the
operation.
By the means hereinbefore described the base and the body of the cartridge are
securely attached to each other at a very slight cost and by a method of operation
which is extremely simple and effective.
Dated this 16th day of April 1892.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cartridges.
I, JAMES PINFOLD, of 233 Park Road, Aston, near Birmingham in the County
of Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of cartridges provided
with a metal base or head which is formed separate from the body of the cartridge
and afterwards attached thereto.
It has been found that in cartridges of this kind as hitherto constructed, the
metal base is frequently attached insecurely to the body of the cartridge, and is
liable to be pulled therefrom by the extractor and thus to cause danger and incon-
venience to the user of the weapon in which the cartridge is employed.
The object of my said invention is to provide an improved method and means by
which the said metal base shall be so firmly secured to the cartridge body that the
separation of the two can only be effected with extreme difficulty.
The chief feature of my invention for securing the body of the cartridge to the
base consists in the employment of a disc of metal which may be plain, but which
has preferably a suitable number of slits or cuts extending from its circumference
for a short distance inwards towards its centre such disc being used in the manner
hereinafter described.
My said invention also comprises other improvements and modifications herein-
after set forth.
In the accompanying drawings I have shown how my invention may be con-
veniently carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal central section through one form of cartridge having
the metal base or head secured according to my invention.
Figure 2 is a plan of a flat disc having slits in its edges hereinafter described.
Figure 3 is a side view of said disc when cupped.
Figure 4 is a section through the cupped disc.
Figure 5 shows in longitudinal section the several parts of the cartridge put
together but before the cupped disc has been flattened out to secure the tube into
the metal base as hereinafter described.
Figure 6 is a longitudinal soction through another style of cartridge having a
cap-chamber-disc hereinafter described.
Figures 7 and 8 are side elevation and plan respectively of the said cap-chamber-
disc.
Figure 9 is a longitudinal section through a cartridge having a slightly modified
form of disc for retaining the tube in the head.
Figure 10 shows the cupped disc alone.
Like letters denote corresponding parts in all the drawings.
A is the paper or other tube forming the body of the cartridge; B is the brass
head or base piece having an annular groove 6 formed therein in any suitable
manner; C is the cap chamber; D is an iron lining used in some forms of
"

page_text: cartridges; E is a filling material or wad preferably made of paper pulp. F is a
metal disc clearly shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4 for securing the tube to the base
piece. The said disc is perforated in the centre at F to pass over the cap
chamber, and slit from its circumference inwards at ff in three, four or more
places. The said slits may be radial but are preferably inclined to the radius as
shown. After the disc F is perforated centrally and slit as shown in Figure 2 it
is then cupped to the shape indicated in Figures 3 and 4 the edges of the slits
when the disc is cupped overlapping each other. Before being secured to the
base piece, the rear end of the tube A is turned or curved inwards slightly as
indicated at a, Figure 5, the corresponding end of the iron lining D when such is
used being also curved inwards with the tube A. To secure the tube A to the
head B according to this invention the said tube is inserted in the head as shown
in Figure 5 with its turned in edge bearing upon the bottom thereof and the
cupped disc F is also placed therein with its convex side away from the head, the
central aperture in the cup passing over the cap chamber and the edge of the cup
resting upon the turned-in portion of the inner periphery of the tube as shown in
the said figure. Pressure is then exerted on the disc either directly or through
the medium of a wad or block placed over it and by this pressure the disc is
flattened and caused to assume its original form, the edge thereof expanding
radially so as to force the portion of the cartridge body or tube which is in contact
with the circumference of the disc tightly into the annular groove b in the base B.
When flattened out, the disc together with edge of the tube completely fill the
annular groove b. A disc thus expanded will not thereafter alter in form except
by the application of very considerable pressure such as is not likely to come upon
it when in use. The iron lining D where such is used will also be forced with the
tube into the annular groove b.
I fill the space around the cap chamber C by a wad E made of paper pulp which
is cheap and effective and serves very well to replace the ordinary solid paper cork
heretofore used.
In the cartridge shown in Figure 6 the cap chamber is constructed separately
from the outer metal case or head. In this arrangement I place above the paper
pulp wad or cork E a washer G in combination with the washer F and rivet the
inner end of the loose cap chamber over the said washer G so as to hold the same
in place. The said washer is preferably curved forward slightly around the rim,
and rearward around the central opening as shown in Figures 6 and 7. The mode
of fixing the tube in the metal base or head is the same as described with reference
to Figure 1.
In the modification illustrated in Figure 9 the disc F is formed with a central
cylindrical protuberance F' which embraces the cap chamber C. After being
fixed in position, the cap chamber and the cover F' are pierced at their inner end
as shown.
In some cases the disc F may be corrugated or crimped or be used plane cupped
instead of slit for the same purpose.
By the means above described, the base and the body of the cartridge are
securely attached to each other at a very slight cost, and by a method of operation
which is extremely simple and effective.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Securing the metal base or head to the tubular body of a cartridge by means
of a disc with or without slits in its edge, or which is corrugated or crimped, for
the purpose specified.
2. A cartridge wherein the metal base or head is secured to the tubular body by
means of a slit disc which is employed substantially in the manner described to
force the end of the tube and lining, where such is used, into an annular groove
formed in the head, for the purpose specified.

page_text: •
3. A cartridge case constructed substantially as described with reference to
Figure 1 with or without the paper pulp wad.
4. The modification of my invention wherein a disc G is used in combination
with the disc F as described with reference to Figure 6, or wherein a pro-
tuberance F is provided on the disc F as described with reference to Figure 9, for 5
the purposes specified.
DL: 1 SA 1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.