Improvements in the Manufacture of Hinges, and in Tools to be Employed therefor.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date or Application, 16th Mar., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 18th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 20th Jan., 1900
Improvements in the Manufacture of Hinges, and in Tools to be
Employed therefor.
I, CHARLES HARVEY, of The Swifts, Yardley, near the City of Birmingham,
Manager of Works, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of cased hinges, having a foundation
of steel or iron covered or encased in thin sheet brass, and also to tools to be
employed in connection with the manufacture of such hinges.
In carrying out one form of my invention, in connection with the production
of a cased butt hinge, I cut out from sheet steel or iron, a foundation piece
corresponding to one flap of a hinge and having a series of separated ears along
one edge which are afterwards rolled up to form hollow knuckles. Screw holes,
countersunk or otherwise, are first pierced through the flap, which, with the
knuckles, are encased or enclosed in a tubular or hollow blank, of a length equal
to that of the hinge, and made from a thin brass tube which has been flattened
down at parts to a shape corresponding to that of the half of the hinge to be
cased.
After the casing has been placed over the body or foundation, I make the
former conform to the latter by pressing the two elements collectively between
dies, the one consisting of a plain faced plunger whilst the other is troughed,
with one part corresponding to the depth, length and width of the flap and
another part deeper troughed to correspond to and receive the knuckle parts.
The covered blank is then by means of a suitable plunger, forced through a
mouthed die, of the exact cross section of the cased hinge to be produced, so that
the casing metal is, to an extent, drawn down or planished upon the foundation
metal. The metal opposite the screw holes in the flap is then bulged inwards
and the edges are closed back if necessary, after which the superfluous casing.
metal coming over the gaps between the knuckles is cut away, so that when
two such covered blanks with the knuckles of the one corresponding to the
gaps of the other are brought together and pinned up, a stout steel or iron, hinge
cased with brass or other ductile metal is produced.
By the employment of a foundation of iron or steel and making the naked
edges of the foundation knuckles abut against and work upon each other no steel
washers which in ordinary brass hinges, are interposed between the knuckles
are required.
Instead of cutting away the parts of the casing metal coming over the gaps.
between the knuckles after the casing has been drawn or closed onto the foun-
dation, the said parts may be cut out previous to closing-on of the casing, whilst
instead of making the foundations from wrought metal, I may employ cast.
metal blanks, and further, the casing may be made from flat strips of sheet metal
folded nearly upon itself into a flat U-figure. This section metal may be formed.

page_text: in long continuous lengths, which are cut into shorter sections according to the
blanks to be cased, onto which they are placed and the two are drawn together
through a bell-mouth die to give them their finished shape. In this arrangement,
the piercings.corresponding to the gaps between the knuckles and to the screw
holes are preferably formed in the casing metal when it is in the sheet.
As a further form of my invention, instead of employing flat-faced dies for
the initial closing and shaping of the casing upon the iron or steel foundation
body part or blank, I may employ a pair of rolls with an eye or pass conforming
or nearly conforming to the cross section of the hinge to be formed, taken through
the knuckle, so that the casing metal is gathered in around the foundation blank
by passing the two together through the rolls, or by forcing them through, if
necessary, by a horizontally working plunger, which, in addition to carrying
the said blank and casing through the initial closing rolls, may be adapted to
force the same through the finishing dies which are situated behind the eye of
the rolls and finally tighten or contract the casing onto the foundation, or draw
the one onto the other, so that they are practically made solid or integral with
one another.
The rolls may be coupled by gearing or they may be independently driven at
different speeds, and the pass between them may be mouthed or flared at one part
so as to form an entering lead which will gradually gather in the casing metal
upon the foundation body in the initial stage.
It will also be understood that the plunger, in forcing the article from the rolls
into and through the finishing dies, may pass through the eye of the rolls.
Instead of performing the finishing process by dies both the initial and finish-
ing closing operations may be effected by rolls, which rolls may be mouthed
or flared to provide a lead for the introduction of the covering blank and
foundation.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Hingės, and in Tools to be
Employed therefor.
I, CHARLES HARVEY, of The Swifts, Yardley, near the City of Birmingham,
Works Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to the manufacture of cased hinges of that type in which
a foundation of iron or steel is covered or encased in thin sheet brass or other
metal, and also to the tools and means to be employed in connection with the
manufacture of such cased hinges, and is an improvement upon or a develope-
ment of the invention described in the Specification of my former Letters Patent
No. 4843, March 6th 1899.
In carrying out one method of making or producing a brass-cased butt hinge,
such as that represented in elevation in Figure 1 and in cross section in Figure 2
of the accompanying drawings, of which Figure 3 shows an elevation of the two
halves separately and Figure 4 an end view thereof, I first cut out from sheet
steel or iron foundation pieces corresponding to one flap of the hinge and having

page_text: along one edge, a series of separated ears, which are afterwards rolled up to form
hollow knuckles a. Countersunk or other screw holes such as a³, are also pierced
through the flap, which, with its knuckles, is next enclosed or encased in a sheet
tubular blank such as shown separately in Figure 6 and marked b, and which
if of a length equal to the hinge to be produced.
After the casing has been placed over the body or foundation, as represented
in elevation in Figure 6 and cross section in Figure 7 the former is made to con-
form to and take the shape of the latter by acting upon them by rolls (as herein-
after described) which stretch the casing metal tightly onto the foundation by
gathering on or closing in the said metal at the junction of the knuckle beading
with the body of the flap thereby producing covered hinge flaps, such as repre-
sented in elevation in Figures 8 and 9 and which show the opposite halves of the
hinge in this stage. The metal opposite the screw holes may either be pierced,
or both pierced and bulged inwards as represented in Figure 3, and the super-
fluous casing metal coming over the gaps between the knuckles is cut away, so
that when two auch covered blanks with the knuckles of the one corresponding
to the gaps of the other are brought together and pinned up, a stout steel or
iron hinge, cased with brass or other ductile metal, is produced. The edges of
the butts a, may either be left naked to expose the foundation metal, or the
casing metal may be turned over them as represented in Figure 4.
According to one form of my present invention, the brass casing is first closed
around or gathered tightly onto the iron or steel foundation of the hinge flap
by a rolling process and finally planished by forcing the cased article through a
finishing die.
Figure 10 represents, partly in elevation and partly in longitudinal section,
tools arranged in accordance with this part of my invention for effecting the
first stage of the gathering or closing on of the casing metal by a pair of rolla
and the finishing stage by a planishing die. This view shows the article in the
act of being forced through the rolls by a sliding or advancing plunger.
Figure 11 shows a similar view to Figure 10 but with the article being forced
by the plunger out of the eye of the rolls and through the pass of the finishing
die.
Figure 12 shows an end view of a machine for actuating the rollers and recip
rocating the plunger to effect the foregoing operations and Figure 13 is a longi-
tudinal vertical section of the same upon the dotted line ...
Figure 14 represents, upon an enlarged scale, an elevation of the rollers with
a hinge flap under operation being shown in section.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the said
Figures 10 to 14.)
o¹, o³, are a pair of rollers, having an eye or pass o, approximating in shape
to the cross section of the cased hinge to be produced. These rolls are suitably
mounted in holsters o', supported by the bed plate p, of the machine and are driven
at the same rate by means of a pair of intergearing pinions o³, 06, the latter
being carried on a spindle o', which has a toothed wheel o, meshing with a like
toothed wheel o, on a countershaft g. This countershaft is provided with
another large toothed wheel g¹, driven by means of a pinion r¹; on a principal
shaft r, suitably mounted in bearings on the framing p¹, and having a fly
wheel, at one end and fast and loose pulleys at the other end.
is the finishing die, rigidly fitted to the bed plate p, behind the rollers,
and having a mouthed pass s, coming lignable with, but being slightly smaller
than, the pass or eye o³, of the said rolls. is the plunger by which the article
under operation is forced into and through the rolls and also through the finish-
ing die, the said article being first placed upon a rest or support such as 14,
which may have suitable sets for guiding the said article into the pass of the
rolls. The plunger works in a line with the passes of the rolls and die and is
carried by a slide t¹, working between guides, secured to the bed plate and
is reciprocated to and fro through the medium of a rotating cam v, keyed to

page_text: the countershaft q, and acting against a sliding roller w, supported by, and
working within the longitudinal slots w¹, of a pair of guide brackets to³, sus-
pended from or carried by the framing, and whose movement is conveyed by
means of a jointed link or links a, to a rocking lever y, fulcrumed at y', to
the framing and having its lower arm y, connected to the link, whilst its
upper arm y³, is coupled by means of a link y' to the slide carrying the plunger
or drift.
The roller slide is kept up to the edge of the can and the return movement
of the parts effected after the said cam has completed its throw for giving the
forward movement to the plunger, by means of a spring z, whose one end is
attached to the framing or other fixed part of the machine, whilst its other end is
secured to the army, of the rocking lever y.
Instead of performing the final planishing or finishing stage of the process
by a die through which the cased article is forced, the said operation may be
effected by another pair of rolls, arranged behind the first set with their passes
lignable, and either speeded from the same driving mechanism, or independently
driven, in which case the plunger may have sufficient throw or length of move-
ment for forcing the article into and through both sets of rolls.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
:
-
First In the manufacture of cased hinges; making the halves or flap sec-
tions by placing a ductile metal sheath over a steel or iron foundation and then
gathering and closing the one tightly onto and around the other by operating
upon the same by rolls, substantially as herein described, and also as set forth
in the accompanying drawings.
Secondly: In the manufacture of cased hinges, the employment of a pair of
rolls for gathering and closing the casing metal tightly onto the foundation, in
combination with an advancing plunger for forcing the cased article through a
planishing or finishing die, or through a pair of finishing rolls, substantially
as herein described and also as set forth in the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly: In the manufacture of cased hinges, the employment in combination
with a pair of rolls, an advancing plunger, and a finishing die, of means for
operating the press tools and advancing the plunger in order to force the cased
article through the rolls and convey it to and through the finishing die, sub-
stantially as herein described and as set forth in the accompanying drawings.
11
WAL 11900
CHARLES HARVEY,
By Henry Skerrett,
24, Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.