Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Dec., 1897-Accepted, 19th Feb., 1898
(A communication by GEORGE CORBION Junior, of 836, Marshall Street, Phila-
delphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, Inventor.)
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both
in the County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, and 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement: -
The object of this invention is to provide a fabric, whether plain or figured,
of a thoroughly-bound texture and of increased durability, from the least amount
of material at a minimum cost. In the production of this fabric there are em-
ployed a body warp, a divided secondary warp, and a plurality of series of weft
threads flushed-.e., exposed-and unflushed-de., covered and concealed-
throughout the width of the fabric, the unflushed parts or sections of one series
of weft threads being followed by the flushed sections of the succeeding series,
the flushed and unflushed sections of such weft threads being alternately produced
by the ground or body warp, the secondary warp binding the wefts, and the
wefts binding the body or ground warp.
In addition to the binder wefts, intermediate body or stuffer wefts may be
employed, which latter wefts, if larger in size than the binder wefts, impart to
the fabric a rib or rep effect, but whether or not the body weft is employed at
all, or, if employed, whether or not its size be larger in respect to the binder
weft, is immaterial so far as the real scope of the invention is concerned.
An important feature of this weave is that there may be produced by the
binder wefts separated parallel lines so relatively located as to form simple or
elaborate designs, which designs are thus distinctive in outline and constitute
part of the thoroughly-bound body of the fabric.
The intermediate or secondary picks of the plural series of weft threads while
thoroughly binding the face warp perform a very useful part in ornamenting and
constructing the fabric. When they are of the same color as the body warp they
strengthen the ground; and when they are of a different color from both the
body warp and their companion wefts, designs of endless varieties and of more
or less complexity may be produced.
Another important advantage resulting from the invention is that a plain un-
figured portion may be made wherever desired in the fabric, simply by sub-
stituting for the design wefts, wefts of the same color as the warp. Many other
practical advantages are or may be attained by the invention.
Reference is had to the accompanying drawings, wherein-
Figure 1 is a face view of a design fabric with its design wefts or threads
extended or not beaten up, to indicate more plainly their arrangement or the

page_text: construction of the fabric and the design or figure woven therein, the same being
without stuffer, filler or body wefts between successive design lines or threads.
Figure 2 is an end view of the same looking in the direction of arrow a, showing
changes in position or transposition of the body warp or sections thereof for
flushing and unflushing the design lines, and for floating said warp or sections
thereof in the spaces between the design lines and at their unflushed parts.
Figure 3 is a section on the line 1-1, Fig. 1, with the wefts still more ex-
tended, showing more plainly the transposition of the ground or body warp for
flushing and unflushing the design lines, and the secondary warp binding all the
wefts independent of the body warp.
Figure 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing body wefts or filler or stuffer
threads introduced between the successive two series of different color design
lines.
Figure 5 is an end view of the same similar to Fig. 2, looking in the direction
of arrow y.
Figure 6 is a section on the line 22, Fig. 4.
Figure 7 is a like view of the same line with wefts further extended.
Figure 8 is a view similar to Figs. 1 and 4, showing a two face or reversible
design fabric.
Figure 9 is an end view of same looking in the direction of arrow z.
Figure 10 is a section on the line 3-3, Fig. 9, with wefts still further
extended.
A represents a fabric composed of a warp divided into two series or sections a a
and bb, the former being the body or ground warp and the latter the secondary
or binder warp; and of wefts, c, which may be stuffer, body or other wefts, as
desired, all of which are thoroughly bound by the secondary warp bb. The body
warp aa may be thrown to either face of the fabric, or divided and part thrown
to each face; in any case being bound by the wefts as plainly indicated in the
drawings. As the secondary warp is a binder only, a cheap grade of stock may
be used for it, and as the body warp is not used as a binder, less stock for it and
a less number of picks per inch are required to make apparently fine face fabrics,
thereby effecting an economy in the time required for weaving, which results in
an increased output and materially cheapens the cost of the same.
The design lines are herein represented as wefts assembled or grouped in two
series dd and ee, respectively, which follow each other alternately as shown.
The succeeding design lines are separated by spaces ff and each design line is
flushed into sections or lengths g and h, respectively, between which are the
spaces m and n or the unflushed parts of such lines.
The flushed parts or sections g and h of the design lines may be of similar or
various lengths as may correspondingly be the unflushed parts or spaces m and n,
as the requirements of the design or figure demand.
The unflushed parts m and n of each design line may be transposed to the
opposite face of the fabric, in which case they will be flushed on that face, or
they may be depressed to the centre of the fabric in which case. they will be
concealed and not appear on either face of the fabric.
The flushed parts h of the design line e succeeding the design line d always
follow the unflushed sections or parts of the line d and reversely as shown in
the figures of the drawing, and these flushed and unflushed parts may be relatively
of the same or varying lengths as desired for the figure or design to produce
successive design lines with flushed sections or parts of the same length or of
different lengths, in which latter case they overlap each other as shown more
plainly in the design "0" of the design figures "101" illustrated in the
drawings.
The interspaces ff between the design lines and the unflushed parts of the
design lines are produced and covered by floating the body warp in or over the
same, and such floated parts of the body warp are bound by design line or lines.
The spaces ff between the lines may be formed only by the body warp as shown

page_text: in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, in which case said spaces are reduced to a minimum, or,
if desired, filler, stuffer or body wefts may be introduced between the design lines
to increase said spacing ff. In Figs. 4 to 10 inclusive, such filler or other wefts
are shown between every two series of different colored design lines d d and e e,
but if desired they may be otherwise introduced.
Where the body or filler wefts 1 are introduced between successive design
lines, such wefts 1 bind the floated parts of the body warps, and by using such
wefts of suitable gauge or size in cross-section, or a cluster of them, rib or rep
goods of any desired size or projection of rib or rep may be made, in which case
the design lines are in the hollows or depressions between the ribs or reps, and
the latter form the interspaces between the succeeding design lines.
When filler or stuffer wefts 1 are introduced before or after each design line,
they also serve as cover wefts to prevent the transposed portions of the design
lines shimmering through to the opposite face of the fabric.
While only two different color series of design lines have been shown, it is
evident that more may be used, in which case the design or figure will have a
multiplicity of separated lines of different color.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. A fabric composed of a body warp, a divided secondary warp, and a plurality
of series of weft threads flushed and unflushed into sections or lengths through-
cut the width of the fabric, the unflushed parts or sections of one series of weft
threads being followed by the flushed sections of the succeeding series, the flushed
and unflushed sections of each series of such weft threads being alternately pro-
duced by the ground or body warp, the secondary warp binding the wefts and
the wefts binding the ground or body warp, substantially as described.
2. A design fabric having a divided independent secondary warp, a body warp,
and separated design lines composed each of two or more different colored weft
threads flushed and unflushed into sections or lengths throughout the width of
the fabric, the unflushed parts or sections of the first series of design lines being
followed by the flushed sections of the succeeding series, the flushed and unflushed
sections of each series of such design lines being alternately produced by the
ground or body warp threads, the secondary warp binding the two series of design
fines and the latter being the binder wefts for the body or ground warp, sub-
stantially as described.
3. A design fabric having a divided independent secondary or binder warp, a
body warp, separated design lines composed each of two or more different colored
weft threads flushed and unflushed into sections or lengths, and a series of body
wefts, the unflushed parts of the first series of design lines being followed by the
flushed sections of the succeeding series, the flushed and unflushed sections of each
series of such design lines being alternately produced by the ground or body
warp threads, substantially as described.
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