Improvements in or relating to. Capstans or Winches.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 20th July, 1394
Complete Specification Left, 20th May. -1895-Accepted, 22nd June, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to. Capstans or Winches.
We, WILLIAM ELLIOTT, of Ingate Iron Works, Beccles, Suffolk, and
WILLIAM GARKOOD of Lowestoft, Suffolk, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
.
This invention relates to capstans or winches which may be driven either by
steam or hand power and are applicable for various purposes but particularly for
use on fishing boats, the apparatus being so arranged that while admitting of its
hauling in ropes, nets and the like over the tops of the rails or bulwarks of
fishing vessels which are commonly two or three feet above the deck level to which
the capstan is secured, it may be sufficiently strong, and at the same time simple to
enable it to be easily manipulated and to withstand all the strains which, particularly
in trawling, are often very considerable.
In carrying out the invention we employ any convenient arrangement of engines
and gearing adapted to drive one or more vertical or horizontal shafts which carry
the capstans or winch heads or ends; the engines may or may not be provided
with reversing gear, and where they are not so provided the reversing of the
capstan heads may be effected by clutch gearing in any well known manner. The
whole apparatus may be encased in a suitably-shaped casing preferably of steel
plate upon the top of which may be placed the capstan head. Where a single
capstan head is employed the casing may conveniently be conical with the capstan-
head on the top where more than one head is employed the casing may be
suitably-shaped say for example in the form of two or three cones side by side and
joined together: where horizontal shafts carry the heads, these latter may be at
the side of the casing which may be of any suitable shape to accommodate the
mechanism. The conical form is exceedingly strong and useful, protecting, the
machinery in its lower portion and carrying the head on top. With this arrange-
ment a horizontal band shaft may pass into the casing near the top, preferably
squared on the outside to receive a winch handle, the vertical shaft which carries
the capstan head-haying upon it a bevel wheel adapted to engage with a pinion
upon the hand-shaft, the bevel wheel being movable along the vertical shaft either
by hand direct or by a clutch lever or the like and secured either in or out of
engagement with the hand wheel by any suitable means; for example, a turn-
button upon the shaft will suffice to hold the bevel wheel in its position in engagement
with the pinion of the hand shaft, while, when the button is so turned as to allow the
bevel wheel to fall, it will be out of engagement and its own weight will keep it
clear of the pinion. With an engine running in one direction only, a convenient
arrangement is to drive by gearing from the engine shaft a horizontal shaft running
underneath the vertical shaft which may be carried in suitable: bearings, the
horizontal shaft carrying two bevel pinions adapted to engage with the bevel
wheel upon the vertical shaft the two bevel pinions being clutch, pinions and
moved in or out of gear by a suitable clutch lever or other suitable mechanism so
that when one is in gear the other is out of gear. "Preferably these pinions would

page_text: be placed so far apart that both can be out of gear at the same time to allow of
the hand-gear being used without turning the engines.
The shaft may slide in the direction of its length and be held in either position
by a suitable latch engaging in grooves in the shaft provided for the purpose; the
spur-wheel which drives this shaft is preferably provided with a long boss so as to
take a bearing in the bracket or framing which supports it, the axle being free to
travel longitudinally in boss and wheel though the two always turn together.
The framework which carries the engines and other gearing may be adapted
to fit the peculiar shape of the casing and the cylinders of the engines may project
outside the wall of the casing and may be protected by a protuberance thereon or
a separate casing fitted over them. If desired, the cylinders also may be inside the
casing, especially where more than one capstan head is employed.
The casing may be bolted to the deck or foundation by long bolts passing
through from top to bottom, thus strengthening and solidifying the whole
apparatus.
A convenient arrangement for the vertical shaft is to provide a bracket upon the
engine bed-plate the bracket providing the bearing for the horizontal-shaft and
carrying on its upper end a gudgeon which would meet but preferably not touch
the lower end of the vertical shaft; upon the gudgeon fits a long-bossed bevel
wheel which drives the vertical shaft the connection between the boss of the bevel
wheel and the shaft being preferably a cotter or key engaging with slots in the
boss of the wheel. The key may fit the shaft and be somewhat loose in the boss
of the bevel wheel a sleeve or ferrule being dropped down outside the boss so as to
hold the key and prevent it from jumping out. A loose or set collar may be
carried upon the vertical shaft with a bevelled or bell-mouth opening on top to
receive oil which may travel down and lubricate the bearing of the bevel wheel
and the horizontal shaft; this collar serves to secure the bevel wheel on the
vertical shaft and thus keep the wheels in gear and may be fixed by a set screw
or other suitable means. The vertical shaft may be secured in the upper portion
of the casing which may be a casting if desired passing through a vertical bearing
and having a collar upon the shaft to fit up against the bearing while the capstan
head is placed on to the conical end of the shaft and the whole secured by a nut
and washer and key in the ordinary manner.
It is of considerable advantage in trawling to have more than one capstan head
as the second or third may be employed for taking in the slack of the rope from
the first head, while the third is very useful for bauling in what is called the
dandy warp, a supplemental rope used in trawling. Of course the supplemental
heads can be used for other purposes as for example upon merchant vessels, but
we give the above as an illustration of a particularly useful application of them.
To enable the capstan to be easily manipulated the levers or other apparatus for
starting, stopping and reversing etc. are so placed as to be readily got at by the
attendant with hand, foot, knee etc., it being of great importance to have the
apparatus promptly handled in delicate operations such as oyster dredging.
Additional frictional clutch or other gearing may be used for applying the power
to other purposes.
The casing is so arranged that it can be lifted bodily off the engines or other
apparatus by merely slacking a few bolts taking the capstan head and vertical shuft
with it if desired; this is a great convenience as giving ready access to the
engines etc. and openings may be provided in the case for oiling and similar
purposes and the case itself may fit on to a ring or frame provided with feet or
lugs for bolting to the deck or foundation and, preferably, having a raised edge to
fit inside the casing any necessary parts being turned planed or otherwise faced to
receive the engine bed. The engines may be placed in any convenient manner as
horizontally, vertically, diagonally, etc.
.
The capstan head may be made with an iron centre and a wooden or other
exterior or winding surface made interchangeable so that the working diameter of
the capstan head may be varied by merely changing the outer surface which may

page_text: be of metal instead of wood if desired; where wood is employed metal strips may
be also used to protect it.
Dated this 10th day of July 1894
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in or relating to Capstans or Winches.
We, WILLIAM ELLIOTT, of Ingate Iron Works, Beccles, Suffolk, and
WILLIAM GARROOD, formerly of Lowestoft, but now of Ingate Iron Works,
Beccles, Suffolk, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to capstans or winches which may be driven either by
steam or hand power and are applicable for various purposes, but particularly for
use on fishing boats, the apparatus being so arranged that while admitting of its
hauling in ropes, nets and the like over the tops of the rails or bulwarks of fishing
vessels which are commonly two or three feet above the deck level to which the
capstan is secured, it may be sufficiently strong, and at the same time simple to
enable it to be easily manipulated and to withstand all the strains which, particularly
in trawling, are often very considerable.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings
in which
Figures 1 and 2 are two vertical sections, taken at right angles to each other, of
one form of the apparatus constructed according to our invention.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3-3 of Figure 1 with the casing
removed, and
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a modified form of the apparatus.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
The whole
In carrying out the invention, as shown in the drawings, we employ any con-
venient arrangement of engines A and gearing adapted to drive one or more
vertical or horizontal shafts B which carry the capstans C (Figures 1, 2 and 4) or
winch heads or ends C¹ Figure 4; the engines may or may not be provided with
reversing gear, and where they are not so provided the reversing of the capstan
beads C may be effected by clutch gearing in any well-known manner.
apparatus may be encased in a suitably-shaped casing D preferably of steel plate
upon the top of which may be placed the capstan head C. Where a single capstan
head is employed as in Figures 1, 2 and 3 the casing D may conveniently be
conical with the capstan head on the top; where more than one head is employed
the casing may be suitably shaped say for example in the form of two or three
cones side by side and joined together or of a truncated elliptic cone as shown in
Figure 4; where horizontal shafts carry the heads C¹ as shown, as regards one
such head, in Figure 4, these latter may be at the side of the casing which may be
of any suitable shape to accommodate the mechanism. The conical form is
exceedingly strong and useful, protecting the machinery in its lower portion and
carrying the head C on top. With this arrangement one or more horizontal hand
shafts E may pass into the casing near the top, each preferably squared on the
outside as at E¹ to receive a winch handle, the vertical shaft B which carries the
capstan head C having upon it a bevel wheel F adapted to engage with
the pinions F upon the hand-shaft E, the bevel wheel F being movable along the
vertical shaft B either by hand direct or by a clutch lever or the like and secured
either in or out of engagement with the hand wheel by any suitable means; for
1
:

page_text: example, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, a turn-button G pivotted upon the shaft B
will suffice to hold the bevel wheel F in its position in engagement with the
pinion F of the hand-shaft E, while, when the button G'is so termed as to allow
the bevel wheel F to fall, as indicated in Figure 2, it will be out of engagement
and its own weight, will keep it clear of the pinion F1. With an engine running
in one direction only, a convenient arrangement is as indicated in the drawings, to
drive by gearing H H₁ from the engine shaft A¹ a horizontal shaft I running
underneath the vertical shaft B which may be carried in suitable bearings such as
hereinafter described, the horizontal shaft I carrying two bevel piuions J J1
adapted to engage with the bevel wheel B upon the vertical shaft B the two bevel
pinions J J being clutch pinions and moved in or out of gear by a suitable clutch
lever or other suitable mechanism so that when one is in gear the other is out of
gear. Preferably these pinions J J' would be placed so far apart that both can be
out of gear with the wheel B' at the same time to allow of the hand-gear F
being used without turning the engines.
On the engine shaft A we prefer to provide a flywheel A
The shaft I as indicated in the drawings may slide in the direction of its length.
and be held in either position by a suitable latch K engaging in grooves I¹ in the
shaft I provided for the purpose; the spur-wheel H which drives this shaft I is
preferably provided with a long boss H so as to take a bearing in the bracket or
framing L which supports it, the shaft I being free to travel longitudinally in
boss Hand wheel H though the shaft I and wheel H always turn together.
The framework M which carries the engines A and other gearing may be adapted
to fit the peculiar shape of the casing and the cylinders of the engines may project
outside the wall of the casing D and may be protected by a protuberance D¹
thereon or a separate casing fitted over them. If desired, the cylinders also may
be inside the casing, especially where more than one capstan head is employed.
The casing D though not shown so in the drawings may be bolted to the deck
or foundation by long bolts passing through from top to bottom, thus strengthening
and solidifying the whole apparatus.
A convenient arrangement for the vertical shaft B is to provide a bracket N
upon the engine bed-plate M the bracket providing the bearing for the horizontal
shaft and carrying on its tipper end a gudgeon N' which would meet but
preferably not touch the lower end of the 'vertical shaft B as shown in Figure 2';
upon the gudgeon N fits the before mentioned bevel wheel B which is provided
with a long boss B², the connection between which and the shaft B being
preferably a cotter or key engaging with slots in said boss as shown in Figure 2.
The key may fit the shaft B and be somewhat loose in tlie boss B of the
bevel wheel B¹ a sleeve or ferrule P being dropped down outside the boss so as to
hold the key O and prevent it from jumping out. A loose or set collar Q may
be carried upon the vertical shaft B with a bevelled or bell-mouth opening on
top to receive oil which may travel down and lubricate the bearing N¹ of the
bevel wheel and the central one of the horizontal shaft I; this collar serves to
secure the bevel wheel on the vertical shaft B and thus keep the wheels B' and J
or B and Jin gear and may be fixed by a set screw or other suitable means.
The vertical shaft B may be secured in the upper portion of the casing D which
may be a casting if desired, passing through a vértical bearing R and having a
collar S upon the shaft B to fit up against the bearing while the capstan head C
is placed on to the conical end B of the shaft and the whole secured by a nut
and washer and key in the ordinary manner.
It is of considerable advantage in trawling to bave more than one capstan
head C as the second or third may be employed for taking in the slack of the
rope from the first head, while the third is very useful for hauling in what is
called the dandy warp, a supplemental rope used in trawling. Of course the
supplemental heads can be used for other purposes as for example upon merchant
vessels, but we give the above as an illustration of a particularly useful application
of them.

page_text: To enable the capstan to be easily manipulated the levers or other apparatus for
starting, stopping and reversing etc. are so placed as to be readily got at by the
attendant with hand, foot, knee etc.. it being of great importance to have the
apparatus promptly handled in delicate operations such as oyster dredging..
Additional frictional clutch or other gearing may be used for applying the power
to other purposes.
The casing D D is so arranged that it can be lifted bodily off the engines A or
other apparatus by merely slacking a few bolts taking the capstan head C and
vertical shaft B with it if desired; this is a great convenience as giving ready
access to the engines etc. and one or more openings such as D1 with or without
doors or covers may be provided in the case for oiling, manipulating the turn-
button G and other purposes and the case itself may fit on to a ring or frame D
provided with feet or lugs D for bolting to the deck or foundation and preferably
having a raised edge to fit inside the casing D, any necessary parts being turned
planed or otherwise faced to receive the engine bed M. The engines A although
shown horizontal in the drawings may be arranged vertically, diagonally, or in
other convenient manner.
The capstan head as shown in Figure 2 may be made with an iron centre C
the wooden or other exterior or winding surface being if desired interchangeable
so that the working diameter of the capstan head may be varied by merely
changing the outer surface which may be of metal instead of wood if desired;.
where wood is employed metal strips may be also used to protect it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is ;-
1. The combination with a winch or capstan motor and one or more capstan
heads of a casing of truncated conical form adapted to carry the capstan head or
beads substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In apparatus such as described carrying a capstan head upon the casing which
encloses the motor substantially as described.
3. Enclosing the working parts of a capstan by a casing of truncated conical
form substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
4. A capstan or combined capstan and winch adapted to be operated alternatively
by hand and power or by power only having two or more capstan heads the motor
and other working parts of which are enclosed in a casing of truncated elliptic
conical form substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings."
5. In a capstan adapted to be rotated alternatively by hand or power the employ-
ment of a turn button such as G for holding the hand-power transmission wheels
in gear substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
6. In a capstan the employment in combination with a bevel wheel B' adapted
to be rotated in either direction of a longitudinally adjustable shaft I having two
bevel wheels JJ' rigidly secured on it in such position that either or neither of
them may be geared with the wheel B' a wheel for driving the shaft I mounted in
relation to the fixed framing so that while capable of rotating it is incapable of
moving in the direction of its own axis and in relation to the shaft so that the
shaft may be moved independently of the wheel in the direction only of its axis of
rotation and grooves l' and a latch such as K for securing the shaft in either of its
adjusted positions substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
7. In a capstan the means for securing a wheel on a shaft comprising a cotter or
key such as O loosely passing transversely through the boss of the wheel and the
shaft and a cap such as P for retaining the cotter in position substantially as
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 8. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete capstan
substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying
drawings.
Dated tuis fon day
WM. ELLIOTT.
WM. GARROOD.
'Boult.& Wade,
Agents for the Applicants.
WM.
ELLIOTT.
WM. GARROOD.
'Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicants.