Improvements in Churns.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 7th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 7th Oct., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Churns.
A communication from GURUPRASAD SING, of Gidhour, Bengal, India,
Landholder.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of No. 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
London, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in churns, and is designed to provide an
efficient churn of a simpler, lighter and more ornamental construction than those
commonly in use.
To this end I provide in a light frame of metal or other suitable material, a
vertical spindle, having secured to its lower end a suitable agitator, that may
advantageously be in the form of vanes or blades, and formed or provided at its
upper end with a quick threaded or Archimedian screw. Reciprocating rotary
motion is imparted to the said spindle by a vertically movable bar whose rear end
is connected to or formed in one with a curved blade spring secured to the frame
and whose front end is or may be provided with a suitable operating handle.
This bar acts upon the aforesaid screw, either by a slot through which the latter
passes or by means of a nut, and imparts the desired alternating rotary movement
thereto.
A suitable vessel of cylindrical shape is adapted to be placed in the frame so
that the vertical rod is central therewith or practically so. The cover of this
vessel, which is removable, is formed with a radial slot for the passage of the
said rod, and is provided with a suitable hinged or pivoted guard piece to close
the slot and prevent splashing when the churn is in operation. The vanes or blades
are or may be made adjustable as to height on the vertical rod, and may be
perforated or otherwise formed to more effectually agitate the contents of the
vessel; some of the vanes or blades may have their perforations differently disposed
to those of the others.
The frame of the churn may conveniently consist of a base formed of two
concentric rings, and of four ornamental supports secured to the said rings.
Two of these supports are situated close together and the end of the aforesaid
spring is secured between them. The other two are situated at or about equi-
distant points around the said rings. The four supports are connected above and
below the aforesaid screw by horizontal pieces which serve as bearings for the
screw spindle.
Dated this 15th day of February 1802
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Churns.
A communication from GURUPRASAD SING, of Gidhour, Bengal, India,
Landholder.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of No. 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
London, Consulting Engineer, and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in churns, and is designed to provide an

page_text: efficient churn of a simpler, lighter and more ornamental construction than those
commonly in use.
To this end I provide in a light frame of metal or other suitable material, a
vertical spindle having secured to its lower end a suitable agitator, that may
advantageously be in the form of vanes or blades, and formed or provided at its
upper end with a quick threaded or Archimedian screw. Rotary motion is imparted
to the said spindle alternately in opposite directions by a vertically movable bar
whose rear end is connected to or formed in one with a curved blade spring secured
to the frame and whose front end is or may be provided with a suitable operating
handle. This bar acts upon the aforesaid screw, either by a slot through which the
latter passes or by means of a nut, and imparts the desired alternating rotary
movement thereto.
A suitable vessel of cylindrical shape is adapted to be placed in the frame so
that the vertical rod is central therewith or practically so. The cover of this
vessel, which is removable, is formed with a radial slot for the passage of the said
rod, and is provided with a suitable hinged or pivoted guard piece to close the slot
and prevent splashing when the churn is in operation. The vanes or blades are,
or may be made adjustable as to height on the vertical rod, and may be perforated
or otherwise formed to more effectually agitate the contents of the vessel; some
of the vanes or blades may have their perforations differently disposed to those of
the others.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the frame with the agitator and connected parts;
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the vessel for containing the milk or cream to be
churned; and
Fig. 3 shows the removable cover thereof.
The frame of the churn may conveniently consist as shown of a base A formed
of two concentric rings and four ornamental supports B secured to the said rings
and to each other. Two of these supports are situated close together and between
them is fixed a rod or bar B' to which is fixed one end of a curved blade spring C
formed of strip steel that may be about 3 feet long and 14 inches wide. The other
two supports B are situated at or about equidistant points around the said rings A.
The four supports are connected at their upper parts by horizontal plates E the
lower of which in the example illustrated is arranged at a height of about twelve
inches from the base and has four projections or arms which are connected one to
each of the four supports B. The upper plate is preferably secured by wing nuts
to permit of its being readily taken off to allow of removal of the spring C and the
parts connected therewith when required.
F is a spindle carrying at its upper end a quick threaded or Archimedian
screw F mounted in bearings in the plates E E. The agitator which is secured
to the lower end of the spindle F consists of a metal tube having four blades G
whose position can be adjusted in an end ways direction on the said spindle by any
convenient means as for example by a pin arranged to pass through the said tube
and through one or other of a number of holes formed in the spindle at different
heights. Hare the perforations or apertures in the said blades which as shown
are of rectangular form and are so arranged that while one blade has three
perforations the next has only two. By this arrangement the milk or cream will
be more effectually agitated when the agitator. is rotated. J is a vertically
movable bar serving as a nut by operating which a rotary motion alternately in
opposite directions can be imparted to the screw and thus to the agitator. This
plate or nut which in the example shown forms a continuation of the curved blade
spring C, is formed with a slot of about 3 inches in length and half an inch in.width
through which the said screw passes. To each side of this plate or nut is secured
a correspondingly slotted slip of wood K that acts against the surfaces of the screw
and serves to prevent noise during the up and down movements of the bar or nut.
The free end of the bar J may be provided with a handle, or may itself serve as a
handle by which the bar can be conveniently caused to move down the screw against

page_text: the action of the spring which will serve to return, or facilitate the return, of the
bar to its uppermost position. L is the vessel in which the cream or milk to be
churned is placed. This vessel may conveniently be about eleven inches in height
and nine inches in diameter and may have at its lower part an outwardly projecting
ledge or rim L' on which the base A of the frame may rest when the said vessel
is inserted in the frame as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1. M is the removable
cover of the said vessel and M' is the radial slot therein for the passage of the
spindle F, to permit of the cover being placed in position and removed whilst
the vessel is in the frame. M' is the pivoted guard piece by which this slot can
be closed, when the cover is in position, to prevent splashing.
The operation of the churn will be readily understood from Fig. 1. The vessel L
is placed in position in the frame A. B, with the spindle F central or practically so
and with the agitator so adjusted that it is immersed, or will be immersed when the
vessel is filled. The vessel being charged with milk or cream and the cover M
placed thereon, the bar or nut J is then moved up and down rapidly the spring C
acting to rapidly return or aid in returning the said bar or nut to its uppermost
position. By these means the blades G are caused to agitate the contents of the
vessel in a rapid and efficient manner thereby churning the same.
It will of course be understood that the dimensions above stated are only given
by way of example and may be varied without departing from the nature of the
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a churn, the combination with a device for agitating the milk or cream to
be churned, of an Archimedian or quick threaded screw connected with said
agitating device and provided with a movable bar or nut connected to or forming
part of a blade spring, the arrangement being such that by reciprocating the said
bar or nut a rotary movement in opposite directions will be imparted to the said
screw and agitating device substantially as described and shown.
2. In a churn the combination with the mechanism referred to in the preceding
claim of a frame such as that shown in Fig. 1 adapted to carry such mechanism
and to receive a removable churning vessel and hold the same in place substantially
as described.
3. The improved churn comprising the frame the agitator connected to an
Archimedian screw provided with a bar or nut carried by a bent spring and the
churning vessel provided with a removable slotted cover, and adapted to be held in
place within the frame of the base thereof substantially as described with reference
to and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 7th day of September 1893.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.