IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRILLING, A Daar AMWED HARD SHIROMAN
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Brydon and James Shepherd Davidson,
both of Whitehaven, in the County of Cumberland, and Thomas
Alfred Warrington, of Lewisham, in the County of Kent, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRILLING,
A Daar
AMWED HARD SHIROMAN"
Sealed the 23rd May 1873, and dated the 26th December 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Brydon, James
Shepherd Davidson, and Thomas Alfred Warrington at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 26th
December 1872.
We, ROBERT BRYDON and JAMES SHEPHERD DAVIDSON, both of
Whitehaven, in the County of Cumberland, and THOMAS ALFRED
WARRINGTON, of Lewisham, in the County of Kent, do hereby declare .
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR DRILLING, BORING, OR CUTTING ROCK AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES,"
to be as follows:—

page_text: Our Invention has reference to machinery or apparatus of the class in
which the cutting or boring tool or drill is carried by a rod moved
to-and-fro by the action of steam or other fluid on a piston or pistons.
Our improvements havo reference in the first place to the partial
rotation of the cutting tool or drill during its upward or return stroke,
for which purpose we make use of a suitable tappet or lever operating in
conjunction with a ratchet or series of teeth suitably arranged for that
purpose on the end of the piston.
In some cases the tappet or lever may be made to serve also for
actuating the slide valve.
In order to prevent the rotation of the cutting tool or drill during its
forward or downward stroke, we use or employ a sliding piece or bolt
curved at its fore end and arranged to be forced forward by a suitable
spring, and to operate in conjunction with longitudinal grooves or
channels in the piston rod, which is thus allowed to rotate during its
return stroke, but by reason of the form of the sliding piece or bolt is
prevented from turning during its forward or down stroke.
Another part of our Invention has reference to the adjustment of the
position of the cylinder for feeding the cutting tool or drill. For this
purpose we form or provide the sides of the cylinder with worm racks
worked by suitable worm wheels or nuts carried by brackets formed
with or attached to the jacket of the machine, and these worm wheels or
nuts receive motion from worms or threads on a cross shaft provided
with actuating handles.
Our Invention further relates to an improved construction of tripod or
stand in which a tube takes at each end into a suitably formed chcek,
each cheek being made also to receive one of the prongs of a forked leg;
and the two cheeks with the tube and forked upper end of the leg are
held together by a binding screw passing through them, the two side
legs being connected to the cheeks in such manner as to admit of ready
adjustment. The legs are made telescopic.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Brydon, James Shepherd Davidson and
Thomas Alfred Warrington in the Great Scal Patent Office on the
26th June 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, ROBERT
BRYDON and JAMES SHEPHERD DAVIDSON, both of Whitehaven, in the
County of Cumberland, and THOMAS ALFRED WARRINGTON, of Lewisham,
in the County of Kent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of December, in
the ycar of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in
the thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her leirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Robert Brydon, James Shepherd
Davidson and Thomas Alfred Warrington, Her special licence that we,
the said Robert Brydon, James Shepherd Davidson and Thomas Alfred
Warrington, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Robert Brydon, James Shepherd Davidson and Thomas
Alfred Warrington, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, usc, exercisc, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR DRILLING, BORING, OR CUTTING ROCK AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Robert Brydon, James
Shepherd Davidson and Thomas Alfred Warrington, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the naturo
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Robert Brydon, James Shepherd
Davidson and Thomas Alfred Warrington, do hereby declare the nature
of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and the accompanying Sheet of Drawings:-

page_text: Our Invention has reference to machinery or apparatus of the class in
which the cutting or boring tool or drill is carried by a rod moved
to and fro by the action of steam or other fluid on a piston or pistons.
Our improvements have reference in the first place to the partial
rotation of the cutting tool or drill during its upward or return stroke,
for which purpose we make use of a suitable tappet or lever operating
in conjunction with a series of teeth suitably arranged for that purpose
on the end of the piston.
In some cases the tappet or lever may be made to serve also for
actuating the slide valve.
In order to prevent the rotation of the cutting tool or drill during its
forward or downward stroke, we use or employ a sliding piccc or bolt
curved at its fore end and arranged to be forced forward by a suitable
spring, and to operate in conjunction with longitudinal grooves or
channels in the piston rod, which is thus allowed to rotate during its :
return stroke, but by reason of the form of the sliding piece or bolt is
prevented from turning during its forward or down stroke.
Another part of our Invention has reference to the adjustment of the
position of the cylinder for feeding the cutting tool or drill. For this
purpose we form or provide the side of the cylinder with worm racks
worked by suitable worm wheels or nuts carried by brackets formed with
or attached to the jacket of the machine, and these worm wheels or nuts
receive motion from worms or threads on a cross shaft provided with
actuating handles.
Our Invention further relates to an improved construction of tripod
or stand in which a tube takes at each end into a suitably formed check,
each cheek being made also to receive one of the prongs of a forked leg,
and the two cheeks with the tube and forked upper end of the leg arc
held together by a binding screw passing through them, the two side
legs being connected to the cheeks in such manner as to admit of ready
adjustment. The legs are made telescopic.
And in order that the manner of carrying our said Invention into
practical effect may be well understood we have hereunto annexed a
Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal vertical
section of part of a machine constructed according to our Invention;

page_text: Figure 2 is a transverse section of the cylinder and other parts taken in
the line A, B, of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an end elevation showing the top end
of the cylinder; Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section to an enlarged scale of
the sliding bolt arrangement for preventing the rotation of the piston
rod and cutting tool or drill during its forward stroke; Fig. 5 is a
horizontal section to a reduced scale through the upper part of our
improved tripod; Fig. 6 is a plan of the upper end of one of the leg
cheeks, and Fig. 7 is a vertical section in the line C, D, of Fig. 5.
The machine resembles in many respects the one for which former
Letters Patent, dated November 23rd, One thousand eight hundred and
Seventy-two (No. 3507), were granted to us, a, being the cylinder; b, b³,
the pistons connected together by the rod c, to the end of which thic
cutting tool or drill is attached in the ordinary way; and d, the valve
chamber within which works the valve e. This valve e is actuated from
within the cylinder through the medium of the lever f, having its
fulcrum at f¹, and formed with branches f, f³, as shewn. This lever is
moved by the pistons coming in contact with its branches f³, ƒ³. The
Drawing shows the positions of the parts when the return stroke has
commenced, the lower end a¹ of the cylinder being open to the steam,
and the upper end being open to the exhaust. The slide valve c will
remain in its present position until the piston 6' comes in contact with
the branch f³ of the lever f, whereupon the position of that lever and of
the valve e will be reversed by the continued movement of the piston b¹,
so that the upper end of the cylinder a will be opened to the steam, and
the lower end a¹ will be opened to the exhaust and so on alternately.
According to our present Invention the face of the piston is formed or
provided with ratchet teeth arranged annularly, as shewn in Fig. 1, so
that on coming in contact with the branch f³ of the lever f, the point of
the branch gearing in between two of the teeth causes the piston 6¹ to
partially rotate as it advances, and thereby also rotates the piston rod
and the cutting tool or drill.
We prevent the rotation of the piston rod and cutting tool or drill
during its forward stroke by means of a sliding piece or bolt g curved
at one side and forced forward by a spiral spring / contained in a
suitable tube i as shown full size in Fig. 4. The tube is screwed into
the cylinder, as shewn in Fig. 2, between the two pistons, and the piston
rod is formed at this part with longitudinal grooves or channels as

page_text: shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, with one or other of which grooves or channels
the end of the sliding piece or bolt g is forced by its spiral spring, so that
by reason of the peculiar form of the end of the bolt the piston rod is pre-
vented rotating on its forward or down stroke, but is left free to rotato
during its return or upward stroke. The cylinder is formed or provided
with worm racks %, which we prefer to cast on the cylinder from end to
end of it, one at each side. Into each of these worm racks is geared a
worm wheel or nut having its bearing in brackets m formed with or
attached to the iron jacket n of the machine.
with bearings, in which works a cross shaft o
handles (one of which is shewn at Fig. 3).
two worms p gearing into the parts
the respective sides of the jacket, so
cylinder may be moved endwise in
adjusting its position and feeding the cutting tool or drill.
This jacket is formed also
having suitable actuating 1
The shaft o is provided with
of the worm wheels or nuts / at
that by turning the shaft o the
either direction as required for
]
In our improved tripod, shewn in Figs. 5, 6, and 7, two of the legs are
jointed cach to a check q formed with fillets or projections q' to take :
into corresponding notches in the ends of the short tube which fits in
between the two checks as shewn. Each cheek is also slotted or formed
to receive one of the prongs of the forked legs, and the whole of the 2
parts are firmly secured together by a binding screw t passing through
them, as shewn.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention for “Im-
provements in Machinery or Apparatus for Drilling, Boring, or Cutting
Rock and other Hard Substances," and having explained the manner of 2
carrying the same into practical effect, we hereby declare what we
consider to be novel and original and therefore secured to us by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, to be as follows :—
First. The rotating of the piston rod and cutting tool or drill by means
of a tappet or lever operating in conjunction with teeth, arranged 3
annularly on the piston face, substantially as described.
Secondly. The use or employment of a sliding piece or bolt 7 forced
forward by a spring and operating in conjunction with longitudinal
grooves or channels in the piston rod, substantially as described for the
purpose specified.
3

page_text: Thirdly. The arrangement of the worm racks & in conjunction with the
cylinder a and worm wheels or nuts 1, F, as herein-before described for
adjusting the position of the cylinder a.
Lastly. The tripod or stand composed of two legs with cheeks q, a
tube r, a forked leg s, and a binding screw t, all arranged together, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes specified.
In witness whereof, we, the said Robert Brydon, James Shepherd
Davidson, and Thomas Alfred Warrington, have hereunto set our
hands and scals, this Twenty-fourth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.