IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR TOOLS FOR CUTTING WOOD OR OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Wilson Hulse, of the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR TOOLS FOR CUTTING WOOD OR OTHER SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 5th. June 1866, and dated the 9th December 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Wilson Hulse
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th December 1865.
I, WILLIAM WILSON HULSE, of the City of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR TOOLS FOR CUTTING WOOD OR OTHER
SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to planing, tenoning, grooving, moulding,
and sawing machines, and consists in placing the work on a table or tables
which are fixed or are adjustable vertically, and in which the slide or slides
carrying the cutting implements or saws is or are traversed along the bed
and the work by means of screw or screws, or band, or other convenient
method. Those cutting implements or saws which revolve are driven by
drums or pulleys, or other suitable means. A cross slide or slides placed
horizontally or vertically is or are provided for the lateral or vertical adjust-

page_text: ment of the cutting implements or saws when necessary; or the cutting
implements or saws are connected with lever arms which may be fixed, or
may be moved by a template or guide so as to form, shape, groove, or
mould the wood or other substance, or may be readily moved out of the way
for another operation. Several of these slides carrying the cutting imple-
ments or saws may be employed on one or both sides and ends of the
machine, so as to perform several operations at the same time if desired.
Secondly, to mortising machines in which the vertical tool slide or
slides attached to a radiating or fixed arm is or are actuated by a lever or
levers with a slotted or plain arm, in which the crank works and imparts
a differential or uniform reciprocating motion to, and balances the tool
slide or slides. In connection with the vertical tool slide, or independently
of it, I employ a rotating drill spindle attached to a fixed or radiating arm
to drill holes in the wood preparatory to the action of mortising, which
drill spindle may be traversed along the work, or the work traversed along
the drill spindle by means of a crank or lever or other similar means, so as
to produce an elongated hole or mortise with semicircular ends, which
may
afterwards be squared by the tool slide if necessary.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Wilson Hulse in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 9th June 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
WILSON HULSE, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said William Wilson Hulse, Her special license that
I, the said Willian Wilson Hulse, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William Wilson Hulse, my exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS

page_text: IN MACHINERY OR TOOLS FOR CUTTING WOOD OR OTHER SUBSTANCES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Wilson Hulse, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Wilson Hulse, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Figures on the
accompanying two Sheets of Drawings, and to the letters of reference
marked thereon (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates, first, to planing, tenoning, grooving, moulding,
and sawing machines, and consists in placing the work on a table or tables
which are fixed or are adjustable vertically, and in which the slide or slides
carrying the cutting implements or saws is or are traversed along the bed
and the work by means of a screw or screws, or band, or other convenient
method. Those cutting implements or saws which revolve are driven by
drums or pulleys, or other suitable means. A cross slide or slides placed
horizontally or vertically is or are provided for the lateral or vertical
adjustment of the cutting implements or saws when necessary; or the
cutting implements or saws are connected with lever arms which may be
fixed, or may be moved by a template or guide so as to form, shape,
groove, or mould the wood or other substance, or may be readily moved
out of the way for another operation. Several of these slides carrying
the cutting implements or saws may be employed on one or both sides and
ends of the machine, so as to perform several operations at the same time
if desired.
Secondly, to mortising machines in which the vertical tool slide or
slides attached to a radiating or fixed arm is or are actuated by a lever or.
levers with a slotted or plain arm, in which the crank works and imparts a
differential or uniform reciprocating motion to, and balances the tool: slide
or slides.. In connection with the vertical tool slide, or independently of it,
I employ a rotating drill spindle attached to a fixed or radiating arm to
drill holes in the. wood preparatory to the action of mortising, which drill.
spindle may be traversed along the work, or the work-traversed along the

page_text: drill spindle by means of a crank or lever or other similar means, so as to
produce an elongated hole or mortise with semicircular ends, which may
afterwards be squared by the tool slide if necessary.
'
Figs. 1 and 2 relate to planing, tenoning, grooving, moulding, and sawing.
machines, in which the work a, a, is placed on the table or tables b, b,
which are fixed or are adjustable vertically, and the cutting implements or
saws c, c, are carried by slides d, d, which are traversed to and fro along
the tables 6, 6, and work a, a, by means of screws e, e, worked by pulleys.
and bands or other convenient methods. The cutting implements or saws
which revolve are driven by drums or pulleys f. f, or other suitable means,
and if the cutting implements are fixed and do not revolve the parts for:
imparting rotary motion are omitted and suitable apparatus is provided for
affixing the cutter or cutters, which are carried by a slide or slides as in the.
case of the revolving implements or saws. In some cases I place several-
of these slides carrying the cutting implements on the same bed, as shewn
in the plan, Fig. 3, so as to perform several operations at the same time if.
desired. Thus the slide No. 1 is for planing, the slide No. 2 for moulding,
the slide No. 3 for tongueing and grooving, and the slide No. 4 for
cross cutting. A plank of timber a, a, being fixed on the machine may be
squared, moulded, tongued, and grooved, and cross cut before removal.
The slide No. 3 is provided with horizontal cross slides g, g, and vertical
slides h, h, for the vertical and lateral adjustment of the cutting imple.
ments. In slide No. 2 the cutting implements or saws c, c, are connected;
with the lever arms frame i, i, which may either be fixed or moved by a
template or guide k, so as to form, shape, groove, or mould the wood or
other substance; or the lever arms i, i, may be raised up out of the way of
the timber. The slide No. 4 is provided with a cross slide 1, 1, by which
the saws or cutters c, c, may be traversed to and fro across the work to be
cross sawn, grooved, or rebated. For some classes of work it may be
desirable to have the several series of cutting implements carried by fixed
slides instead of by traversing slides, shewn in Fig. 3, Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4,
and in such case the timber would be affixed to a slide table and made to
traverse instead of the implements; the traversing of the slides or of the
work being accomplished by means of screws as in Figs. 1 and 2, or by rack
and pinion, or chain, or by any other convenient method. Rotary motion
when required is communicated to the machine by straps, shaft, and pullies,
as shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, or from a drum and shaft placed overhead or
below the ground, or in any ordinary manner. I sometimes employ a slide

page_text: carrying the cutting implements on the end or ends of the bed, as is illus-;
trated in Fig. 4, which is shewn for tenoning or other purposes, and.
consists of a vertical slide n, n, carrying the cutter spindles o, o, which are
adjustable to any distance apart, and which are traversed to and fro across
the work by the horizontal slide p, p, by means of a screw or other
means.
At Fig. 5. is shewn an arrangement in which the cutting implement or
implements is or are connected with lever arms q, so as to be readily.
brought into opération, or moved out of the way for another operation, or,
for a repetition of the operation.
be
In Fig. 1 the slide or slides d, carrying the cutting implement c, are.
shewn in one side of the table b, but the slide or slides may be placed on
both sides thereof when more convenient. For some purposes it
may
desirable to have several of the cutting implements carried upon one slide
only.
The number and description of as well as the order in which the slides
carrying the cutting implements are arranged upon the bed or table are
dependent upon the class of work the cutting implements are intended
to produce. In the case of sawing machines, the saw or saws may be
mounted upon a slide and traversed along the bench by a band chain, rack,
or other means, and rotated or reciprocated by an endless rope or other
convenient means; or motion may be transmitted to the saw through the
intervention of a long grooved shaft and bevil wheels, or, instead of the
latter the friction disc and pulley may be employed.
I now proceed to describe the second part of my Invention relating to
mortising machines, which is shewn in Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. Fig. 6.
shews attached to a fixed upright a, a, the vertical tool slide or slides b, b,
which is or are actuated by the lever c, c, with a slotted or plain arm, in
which the crank & works and imparts a reciprocating motion to the vertical
tool slides b, b, and by means of the counterweight e they are balanced.
The work f.is fixed to the machine in the ordinary way, and the latter-is
provided with transverse slides g. The upper cross slide h, which carries
the work, is traversed intermittently by means of the crank motion i and
the ratchet motion k, worked by the disc crank l. The stroke of the
crank i determines the length of the mortise. In Fig. 7 the operation
of mortising or grooving is arranged so as to be performed by a rotating.
spindle m, m; which is traversed along the work f by means of the crank.
n. The work is fixed to the table h, which is provided with a circular

page_text: and straight slide or slides o, o, which are for the purpose of holding and
adjusting the work, and for producing mortises or grooves at any angle
or angles with the sides of the timber; cutting implements of various forms
may be fixed in the spindle m, m, for producing work of different kinds.
In Fig. 8, which is a plan, the spindle m revolves in bearings in the slide
p, and is traversed to and fro along the slide q by the crank action r, the
rotary motion being obtained from the strap and pullies s, s. The drill
spindle m, with its slide p, are attached to a radiating arm t, on the base
of which is a worm wheel and worm u, u, by which the slide q may be set
to an angle horizontally, so as to cut mortises or grooves at an angle with
the sides of the timber. For the production of mouldings or recesses in
timber suitable cutting implements must be employed. The work to be
operated upon is placed upon a table similar to that shewn at b, Fig. 2.
The slide p, which carries the spindle m, may be traversed by hand, by a
lever, or other means.
The modification shewn in plan in Fig. 9, and in elevation in Fig. 10,
has in connection with the vertical tool slide b, a rotating spindle m, m,
attached to the radiating arm v, v, so as to drill holes in the timber pre-
paratory to the action of mortising. The radiating arm v, v, swivels in
bearings w, w, formed out of the framing a, a. Rotary motion is imparted
to the rotating spindle m, m, by means of the horizontal shaft x, x, the
bevil wheels y, y, the vertical shaft, and the drum z keyed thereon,
through a strap to the pulley on the drill spindle m. Reciprocating motion
is obtained for the vertical tool slide by means of the lever c, c, in which
the crank works and imparts a differential reciprocating motion to the
vertical tool slide b, b, and by means of the counterweight e balances it.
The crank disc d is keyed to a shaft, on which are the pulleys 8, by which
it is revolved. The radiating arm v, v, which carries the rotary cutting
implement may be fixed in a position for the work to be operated upon by
it, or it may be readily moved out of the way for the operation of mortising
by a reciprocating cutter placed in the vertical tool slide b, b. The work
fis placed upon a table / in the ordinary way, which, when desirable, may
be provided with a worm and wheel adjustment as in Fig. 7, or with a
crank motion as shewn at i, Fig. 6.
· Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that I claim the combination and arrangement of parts consti-
tuting respectively the various machines or tools for cutting wood or other

page_text: similar substances as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
two Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Wilson Hulse, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
WILLIAM W. HULSE. (L.s.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named William Wilson Hulse,
in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.