Year: 1888

page_text: I, SAMUEL HART, of 79, New Bond Street, in the County of Middlesex, Carriage
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements in carriages; and my first improvement.
relates particularly to carriages of which the body is suspended on
« Cee" springs
without the employment of a perch to connect the fore and hind under carriages, the
carriage body itself forming the connecting medium by which the front and hind
under carriages are kept at the proper distance apart.
The improvement consists in supporting the body at front and rear upon spring
cushions which serve also as the means of connecting the fore and hind under.
carriages rigidly to the body, so as to ensure their maintenance at the proper distance
apart at the same time that they permit the necessary freedom of motion in the
vertical direction and afford the requisite elasticity of support.
For this two-fold purpose the spring cushions are constructed in the form of pistons
working in vertical cylinders and bearing against springs therein, by which the major
part of the weight and of vertical motions of the carriage body are sustained, or
taken up, the lateral oscillations of the body being counteracted by the "Cee" springs.
The one cushioning cylinder is placed beneath the floor of the boot and the piston or
the cylinder, as the case may be, being fixed upon the top wheel plate of the fore
under carriage. The rear cushioning cylinder is placed between the top bed of the
hind carriage and an arm projecting backwards from the rear part of the body.
My second improvement relates to the inside seats of the carriage; and consists in
suspending a movable seat frame through the medium of spring cushioning cylinders
contained within the side panels, and supported by suspension rods pendent from the
roof of the body in the case of a brougham, or from the arm frame in the case of an
open carriage.
Din iki ye1 1
J
1 1000
S. HART..
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agents.

page_text: I, SAMUEL HART, of 79, New Bond Street, in the County of Middlesex, Carriage
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained' in and by the following
statement:
"
My Invention relates to improvements in carriages, and my first improvement
relates particularly to carriages of which the .body is suspended on
Cee" springs
without the employment of a perch to connect the fore and hind under carriages,
the carriage body itself forming the connecting medium by which the front and
hind under carriages are kept at the proper distance apart.
The improvement consists in supporting the body at front and rear upon spring
cushions which serve also as the means of connecting the fore and hind under
carriage rigidly to the body, so as to ensure their maintenance at the proper distance.
apart at the same time that they permit the necessary freedom of motion in the
vertical direction and afford the requisite elasticity of support. .
My second improvement relates to the inside seats of the carriage; and consists.
in suspending a inovable seat frame through the medium of spring cushioning
cylinders.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this speci-
fication, wherein figure 1 is a side elevation of a victoria, with my improvements"
applied. Figure 2 is a plan, with the body removed. Figure 3 shews a sectional detail
view, on a larger scale, of the spring cushions between the hoot and the top wheel
plate of the fore carriage on the one hand and between the body and the back carriage
on the other hand. Figures 4 and 5 are a side elevation (partly broken away) and
cross-section of a brougham with the spring seat support applied to the hind seat. The
same letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.
The connections between the carriage body and the fore and hind under carriages,
whereby rigidity of connection in the horizontal or fore and aft direction is combined
with flexibility and elasticity in the vertical direction, are shewn clearly in figures 1
to 3. Each is constructed of a piston A working in a vertical cylinder B and
bearing against a spring C therein by which the major part of the weight and of the
vertical motion of the carriage body is sustained or taken up, the lateral oscillations
of the body being counteracted by the "Cee" springs. The cushioning appliance at
the fore part of the carriage is placed between the floor of the boot D and the top
wheel plate E of the fore under carriage, the one part (piston or cylinder as the case
may be) being firmly bolted upon the top wheel plate whilst the other part is fixed to
the boot. The cushioning appliance at the rear part of the carriage is placed between
the bed F of the hind carriage and an arm G projecting backwards from the rear
part of the body, the one part being firmly bolted to the arm, and the other part to
the bed F. Both these cushioning appliances are placed in the centre line of the
carriage body to which the "Cee" springs are connected at the sides in the way
now usual.

page_text: Referring to figures 4 and 5, H is a movable seat frame supported at each side
by springs I contained in cylinders K and compressed between the end of the
cylinder and a piston therein, the one part (piston or cylinder) being supported by
a rod L pendent from the roof of the carriage body in the case of a brougham or
from the arm frame in the case of an open carringe whilst the other part is attached
to the seat frame H. These elastic supports are contained within the side panels
of the carriage body, so to be concealed from view. The seat thus freely suspended
from overhead has no direct attachment to the adjacent parts of the carriage body so
that no lateral vibrations can be transmitted to it and vertical vibrations can only be
transmitted after first passing through the whole height of the framing of the body
and through the pendent rods and spring cushioning cylinders. In this way the
elasticity of the body frame is utilized to partially absorb and deaden the vibrations,
thus relieving the cushioning cylinders of a part of that duty and so rendering the
extinguishment of the vibrations more effectual.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a "Cee" spring perchless carriage, supporting the carriage body upon the under
carriages through the medium of spring cushions compressed between pistons and
cylinders which whilst permitting vertical elasticity, form vertical guides to maintain
the proper relative positions of the under carriages with regard to the carriage body,
as specified.
2. The herein described means of suspending a movable seat frame of a carriage by
spring cushioning cylinders arranged within the side panels of the body and supported
from above, as specified.