IMPROVEMENTS IN FERRULES FOR PAINTING AND SIMILAR BRUSHES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Walter Harry Elphick, of the Firm of F. R. Frinneby
and Son, of Cannon Street, in the City of London, and Henry Hobbs, of
Islington, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN FERRULES FOR PAINTING AND SIMILAR BRUSHES.”
Bealed the 20th November 1877, and dated the 8th June 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Walter Harry Elphick and
Henry Hobbs at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th June
1877.
LEX
WALTER HARRY ELPHICK, of the Firm of F. R. Frinneby and Son, of Cannon
Street, in the City of London, and HENRY HOBBS, of Islington, in the County of
Middlesex. IMPROVEMENTS IN FERRULES FOR PAINTING AND SIMILAR BRUSHES."
Our Invention relates to ferrules or metal bindings for securing the hair of round
or oval brushes, such as painters' brushes; and the Invention consists in providing
the internal surface of the ferrule with ridges or corrugations running circularly
around the same, so as to lie across the outside hairs and bite or grip them firmly
to prevent them being pulled out; also in making seamless ferrules with internal
ridges or corrugations, in the various ways hereafter described.
The ferrule may be cast in a mould of the proper conical form, in which
case the
internal ridges or corrugations may be either formed at the same time, by employing
a core properly grooved or corrugated, or they may be cut afterwards.
Instead of a number of separate ridges or corrugations they may be continuous
in the manner of a screw thread, in order to facilitate the withdrawal of the core
and enable it to be made in one piece instead of several, and we reserve the right
of forming them in either way.
The ferrule may be made from sheet metal by stamping in dies, or cut off in
lengths from solid drawn tubes, and afterwards made tapering or conical, if
necessary. In either case the internal ridges or corrugations would be formed at
a separate operation by placing the ferrule on a grooved mandrel in a lathe, and
applying a tool to the exterior of the ferrule so as to press the metal into the

page_text: grooves of the mandrel and form the corrugations, or inside and outside threads,
as the case may be.
The ferrules made in the various ways above described have no seam or joint,
and are therefore very strong and durable.
The ferrule may also be made by bending a strip of sheet metal into a circular
form, and at same time corrugating it in the direction of its length by passing it
through corrugated rolls, the ends of the strip being afterwards united by a soldered
lap or rivetted joint to form a ring. If the joint be made by soldering only, an
ordinary wire, bending around the ferrule, may be necessary in order to give it the
necessary strength.
The improved ferrules of this Invention are free from the objections to the
ordinary soldered wire bindings, which are liable to split and open out between the
wires, and require to be bound at intervals with strips of metal having a plain
surface that does not bite the hair, which is therefore liable to be easily pulled out
at those places; whereby the entire brush is loosened.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Walter Harry Elphick and Henry Hobbs in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 8th December 1877.
WALTER HARRY ELPHICK, of the Firm of F. R. Frinneby and Son, of Cannon
Street, in the City of London, and HENRY HOBBS, of Islington, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FERRULES FOR PAINTING AND SIMILAR BRUSHES."
Our Invention relates to ferrules or metal bindings for securing the hair of round
or oval brushes, such as painters' brushes; and the Invention consists in providing
the internal surface of the ferrule with ridges or corrugations running circum-
ferentially around the same, so as to cross the outside hairs and bite or grip them
firmly to prevent them being pulled out; also in making seamless ferrules with
internal ridges or corrugations in the various ways hereafter described.
The ferrule if made of brass (which we prefer) may be cast in a metal mould of
the proper conical form, in which case the internal ridges or corrugations may be
either formed at the same time by employing a core properly grooved or corrugated,
or if made of brass or copper they may be cast plain in a sand or other mould, and
the corrugations cut afterwards in the lathe.
There may either be a number of separate ridges or corrugations, or they may be
continuous in the manner of a screw thread, in order to facilitate the withdrawal
of the core and enable it to be made in one piece instead of several, and we reserve
the right of forming them in either way.
The ferrules may be made from sheet metal by stamping in dies, or it may be
spun up and corrugated in a lathe, or it may be a length cut off from a copper tube
drawn solid, and afterwards made tapering or conical, if necessary. In either case
the internal ridges or corrugations would be formed by placing the ferrule on a
circularly grooved mandrel in a lathe, and applying a tool to the exterior of the
ferrule so as to press the metal into the grooves of the mandrel and form the
corrugations or inside and outside threads, as the case may be, and when cut off
from a tube the conical form may be given to the ferrule at the same operation.
The ferrules made in the various ways above described have no seam or joint,
and are therefore very strong and durable,

page_text: The ferrule may also be made by bending a strip of sheet metal into a circular
form, and at same time corrugating it in the direction of its length by passing it
through corrugated rolls, the ends of the strips being afterwards united by a
soldered lap or rivetted joint to form a ring. If the joint be made by soldering
only, an ordinary wire, binding around the ferrule may be necessary, in order to
give it the necessary strength.
The strip may be of slightly curved shape, and the rolls may be slightly conical,
if necessary, in order to form a conical ferrule.
The accompanying Drawing represents, as one example of our Invention, a
seamless ferrule, made of solid metal or metal tube in either of the ways above
described. It is represented in vertical section to show the internal corrugations,
and is drawn on an enlarged scale.
The external corrugations are for the sake of lightness and appearance, but are
not essential and form no part of our Invention.
The improved ferrules of this Invention are free from the objections to the
ordinary soldered wire bindings, which are liable to split and open out between
the wires, and require to be bound at intervals with strips of metal, having a plain
surface that does not bite the hair, which is therefore liable to be easily pulled out
at those places, whereby the entire brush is loosened.
Having described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of performing the
same, we declare that what we claim as our Invention to be protected by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
1st. Providing brush ferrules or bindings, made of solid or sheet metal, or from
metal tubes as described, with ridges or corrugations (either separate or continuous
in the manner of a screw thread) on the internal surface, substantially as and for
the purpose shown and described.
2nd. The manufacture of seamless ferrules of solid or sheet metal, or metal tube
with internal ridges or corrugations, in the various ways herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Walter Harry Elphick, on behalf of myself
and the said Henry Hobbs, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventh
day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-seven.