IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING MACHINERY, CHIEFLY DESIGNED PROVISIONAL
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Myers, of the City and State of New York,
United States of America, now of 8, Southampton Buildings, London, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING MACHINERY, CHIEFLY DESIGNED
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Myers at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th September 1881.
FREDERICK MYERS, of the City and State of New York, United States of
America, now of 8, Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING
MACHINERY, CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PACKING
CASES OR BOXES."
.
My Invention relates to improvements in sawing machinery or apparatus, chiefly
designed for cutting planks or boards into pieces to be used in the manufacture of
wooden packing cases or boxes.
The main object of the said Invention is to provide means whereby the planks
or boards are guided and presented to the saws in such a manner that the pieces of
wood cut by the same will be truly rectangular.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I mount in bearings upon a suitable
frame or support two independently revolving saws, one of which serves as a cross-
cutting saw, and the other as a ripping saw, so that after the board has been cut
to the proper length by the cross cutting saw it may be immediately cut to the
proper width by the ripping saw, thus preventing the necessity for handling the
board several times. These saws are arranged to revolve in the direction of the
width of the saw-table, and are driven by belts passing over pulleys upon their
shafts or spindle, and over pulleys on a main or driving shaft supported in suitable
bearings, preferably at one side of the machine. The bearings of the said saws are
so constructed as to be self oiling, and their caps are hinged in one side and held
down in place by a thumb-screw on the other side; by releasing the said thumb
screw the cap can be raised, and if necessary the saw spindles easily removed.
::

page_text: To ensure the proper presentation of the wood to the cross-cut saw I employ a
transversely-moving guide or table which is supported and arranged as follows,
that is to say I fix upon the end of the machine, adjacent to the said saw, suitable
brackets or arms which support at their outer end a metal bar or rail. Upon the
under side of the said table I arrange a roller or rollers adapted to run upon this
rail. To the inner ends of the arms or brackets I pivot a longitudinally adjustable
bar provided with a groove within which adjustable lugs or pieces upon the under-
side of the table travel during the backward and forward movements of the latter.
The object of pivoting this bar to the brackets is to allow it to be turned back
after removing the travelling table, so that the saw may be readily taken off from
its spindle. The said table is provided at its front with a suitable upright ledge
or flange against which the edge of the board or plank to be cut is laid; this ledge
is parallel with the axis of the cross-cut-saw, so that when the table is moved
transversely to bring the wood up to the saw the latter will make a cut exactly at
right angles to the longitudinal edge of the board.
To facilitate the end wise movement of the plank or board upon the upper
surface of the movable table, I provide the outer end of the same with a roller
over which the said board passes, and in order to provide for the vertical adjust-
ment of the outer end of the table to ensure a level or horizontal position of the
upper surface of the same, I make the aforesaid rail which supports this end of the
table adjustable.
To determine the length of the pieces of wood to be cut from the board I employ
a stop against which the end of the board is pushed. This stop preferably consists
of a roller attached to a bracket or carrier which is adapted to be moved longi-
tudinally within a dovetail or undercut slot in a plate inserted in the main or saw
table of the machine. Upon the upper surface of this plate is a scale which
permits the said stop to be readily adjusted and fixed in the position desired. To
fix the said stop in position I provide the following devices, that is to say, the
underside of the bracket or carrier has formed on or attached to it an inclined
niece which fits and works in contact with one side of the aforesaid dovetail groove,
and also has pivotted to it an L-shaped piece, one arm of which when moved
outward comes in contact with the other side of the said groove. Upon the other
arm of this piece the end of a screw passing through the aforesaid carrier acts in
such a manner that when the said screw is turned downwards the adjustable arm
will-be-moved-outward-and-into-contact_with_the_side_of the groove, and will
clamp the carrier in position, whilst when the said screw is turned in the opposite
direction the said arm can move inward, thus leaving the carrier free to be
adjusted.
The adjustable table is provided with longitudinal and transverse scales to
permit boards to be cut of any desired dimensions.
When one or more pieces of the proper length have been cut from a board and
the last piece is found to be not long enough to permit one of such pieces to be cut
therefrom, the operator reverses the same, and places the squared or sawn end at
any point or dimension on the longitudinal scale desired, and cuts a piece of shorter
length for a different sized box, which he is aware will soon be required, thus
saving a great loss of time due to rehandling the lumber; the scales are so arranged
that the use of the ordinary foot rule is avoided.
To provide for trimming or cutting off the end of a last piece of a plank, I provide
the inner end of the said table with an iron bar which supports an adjustable arm,
whose inner face is flush with or on the same plane as the inner face of the ledge
of the travelling table to which it is attached, and against this the edge of the
piece of board may be placed and carried up to the saw by the transverse move-
ment of the said table. The table covers on the main frame are hinged to the same
to admit of easy access to the parts beneath them.
For trimming the longitudinal edges of the pieces of wood cut off by the afore-
said cross-cut saw I use the ripping saw, and in combination with this saw I
arrange a longitudinally adjustable guide; this guide extends transversely over a

page_text: table attached to the main frame of the machine, and is pivoted to a carrier which
is capable of longitudinal adjustment in a dovetail slot in a plate inserted in the
said table. The said carrier is held therein by means of a set-screw and expanding
piece in the manner above described with reference to the stop arranged in com-
bination with the cross-cut saw. By pivoting the said guide to its carrier I am
enabled to adjust the same to ensure its being parallel with the line of rotation of
the saw.
To allow either of the aforesaid saws to be drawn down below the surface of
the saw-table when desired, I support the said saws in bearings which are capable
of vertical adjustment in brackets on the main frame by means of suitable bevel
gearing operated by a hand wheel or crank, preferably at the front of the machine.
The said bevel gearing is prevented from being clogged by the sawdust and the
like by an iron shield.
Instead of keying the pulleys upon the axles or shafts of the saws, I prefer to
form in the interior of the said pulleys a cavity or chamber, which when the said
pulley is placed upon its shaft is excentric to the latter. In this chamber I place
a metal pin or wire, which when the pulley is in position and is slightly rotated
will be griped between the inner excentric face of the said chamber and the shaft,
and will thus hold the pulley firmly in position upon the same.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Frederick Myers in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th
March 1882.
FREDERICK MYERS, of the City and State of New York, United States of
America, now of S, Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING
MACHINERY, CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PACKING
CASES OR BOXES."
My Invention relates to improvements in sawing machinery or apparatus, chiefly
designed for cutting planks or boards into pieces to be used in the manufacture of
packing cases or boxes.
The main object of the said Invention is to provide means whereby the planks
or boards may be guided and presented to the saws in such a manner that the
pieces of wood cut by the same will be truly rectangular.
The said Invention is illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, in which
Figure 1 is a plan or top view of my improved machinery, and
Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same.
Figure 3 is a transverse section of the said machinery on the line x, x, Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a transverse section (drawn to an enlarged scale) on the line 3, 3,
Figure 1.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section, and
Figure 6 is a transverse section illustrating an improved method of connecting a
driving pulley to the saw shaft or spindle.
Like letters indicate the same parts throughout the Drawing.
a represents the main frame of the machine in suitable bearings, upon which I
mount or support the shafts or spindles b¹, c¹, of two independently revolving
saws b, c. The saw b serves as a cross-cutting saw, and the saw c as a ripping saw,
the said saws being so arranged that after the board has been cut to the proper
-length-by-the-cross-cutting-saw,-it-may-be-immediately-cut to the proper width by
the ripping saw, thus obviating the necessity for repeatedly handling the board.
The said saws are arranged to revolve transversely or in the direction of the width
of the saw-table d, then are driven by belts e passing around pulleys f upon their
shafts or spindles b, c, and around pulleys g on a main or driving shaft g
supported in suitable bearings g preferably at the rear or back of the machine,
as shown.
The bearings for the spindles of the saws b, c, are so constructed as to be self-
oiling, and their caps h¹ are preferably hinged, as shewn at 2 in Figure 3.
To secure the cap in position at its unpivoted end, I employ the screw i and
nut. This screw is pivoted at so that it may be swung outward and down-
ward when the nut is screwed back to permit the cap h¹ to be raised. By this
means I provide for the ready removal of the saw spindles or shafts. In order to
regulate the pressure of the cap h' upon the saw-spindle and enable the said cap
to be adjusted to compensate for wear, I form the same in two parts, as shown
at ³, h, and pivot the said parts to each other as shown. The part ³ is held
down by a screw 5 which enters a tapped hole in the fixed lower part of the
bearing, and the part h* carries the screws j, j, whose points are adapted to bear
upon the upper surface of the said fixed part of the bearing. By the adjustment
of these screws j, j, I am enabled to regulate the extent to which the cap h¹ can be
drawn downward by tightening up the nut i, and consequently to control the
pressure exerted by the said cap upon the saw-spindle.
To ensure the proper presentation of the wood to the cross-cutting saw b, I

page_text: employ a transversely moving guide or table which is supported and arranged,
as follows, that is to say :-I fix upon the end of the machine, adjacent to the said,
saw, suitable brackets or arms which support at their outer end a metal bar or
rail . Upon the underside of the said table I arrange a roller k¹ or a series of.
the same adapted to run upon this rail . To the inner end of the arms or;
brackets I pivot an arm or bracket 3 which supports a bar 12 provided with a
groove within which adjustable lugs or pieces 2 upon the underside of the table k
travel during the backward and forward movements of the latter transversely..
The object of pivoting this arm 13 to the brackets is to allow it to be turned back
after the travelling table is removed to permit the saw to be readily taken from.
its spindle. The table k is provided at its front with an upright ledge or flange le*,
against which the edge of the board or plank to be cut is laid. This ledge should.
be parallel with the axis of the saw b, so that when the table is moved transversely
to bring the wood up to the said saw, the latter will make a cut exactly at right.
angles to the longitudinal edge of the board.
To ensure the perfect parallelism of the said ledge to the axis of the saw, or.
in other words, to ensure its being at right angles to the plane of rotation of the.
said saw, I make the aforesaid bar 12 adjustable. For this purpose I employ the.
adjusting screws which pass through lugs or ears 15 on the arms arranged at
each side of the machine and bear against or enter the bar 1. By the adjustment.
of these screws the position of the said bar 13 can be so regulated that the ledge *
of the table, which is moved transversely thereon, is parallel to the axis of the.
saw as above set forth. The bar is held in position when so adjusted by the.
screws which pass through a slot in the said bar and enter a tapped hole in the
arms
To facilitate the endwise movement of the plank or board upon the upper
surface of the table k I arrange at the outer end of the said table a roller ³ over
which the said board passes. And in order to provide for the vertical adjustment
of the outer end of the table to ensure the upper surface of the same being level
or on a true horizontal plane I make the rail which supports this end of the,
table adjustable preferably by means of a set screw l* as shown.
To determine the length of the pieces of wood to be cut from the board placed
upon the table I employ a stop or gauge m, against which the end of the board is
pushed. This stop preferably consists of a roller attached to a bracket or carrier m³,
which is adapted to be moved longitudinally within a dove tail or undercut slot n.
in a plate inserted in the main or saw table d of the machine. Upon the upper*
surface of this plate is a scale which permits the said stop to be accurately set to
the position desired. To fix the said stop in any position I provide the devices
illustrated in Figure 4 of the Drawing, that is to say, the underside of the bracket.
or carrier m' has formed on or attached to it an inclined piece m³, which fits and
works in contact with one side of the aforesaid dove-tail groove n; the said carrier
also has pivoted to it an inverted L-shaped expanding piece m³, one arm of which
when moved outward comes in contact with the other side of the said groove.'
Upon the other arm of this piece the end of a screw m passing through the
carrier m¹ acts in such a manner that when the said screw is turned downwards
the adjustable arm m³ will be moved outward and into contact with the side of the
groove, and will clamp the carrier in position, whilst, when the said screw is turnedį
in the opposite direction, the said arm can move inward, thus leaving the. carrier
free to be adjusted.
The adjustable table k is provided with longitudinal and transverse scales, as
shown at 1, 2, to ensure accuracy in the cutting of boards of any desired:
dimensions.
1
When one or more pieces of wood of the same length have been cut from a board,
and the last piece is found to be too short to permit one of such pieces to be cut
therefrom, the operator reverses the same and places the squared or sawn end at
any desired point or division on the longitudinal scale 1, and cuts a piece of any:
shorter length, which will serve for a different sized box, thus saving a great loss

page_text: of time in re-handling the boards or planks; the scales 1, 2, are so arranged that the
use of the ordinary foot rule is rendered unnecessary.
To facilitate the trimming or cutting off of the end of the last piece of a plank I
provide the inner end of the table with an iron bar o, which supports an
adjustable arm o', whose inner face is flush with or on the same plane as the inner
face of the ledge * of the travelling table to which it is attached; against this arm
the edge of the piece of board may be placed and carried up to the saw by the
transverse movement of the said table. .
The two parts d', d, which constitute the saw table d are binged to the main
frame a to admit of easy access to the parts beneath them.
For trimming the longitudinal edges of the pieces of wood cut off by the
aforesaid cross-cutting saw b, I use the ripping saw c, and in combination with this
saw I arrange a longitudinally adjustable guide or gauge p. This guide extends
transversely along a table g attached to the main frame of the machine, and is
pivoted to a carrier r, which is capable of longitudinal adjustment in a dovetail
slot in a plate inserted in the said table. The said carrier is held in this slot by
means of a set-screw and expanding piece, such as that above described with reference
to the stop m, arranged in combination with the cross cut saw b. By pivoting the
said guide to its carrier I am enabled to adjust the same to ensure its being parallel
with the line of rotation of the saw c.
To allow either of the aforesaid saws to be drawn down below the surface of the
saw-table when desired, I so arrange the bearings h which support the said saws,
that they may be adjusted vertically. For this purpose the said bearings are
formed or fixed upon a plate 8, which is adapted to slide in ways formed in
brackets or arms t attached to the main frame of the machine. To adjust this plate
I employ a screw u, which passes through a tapped hole in a lug s³ formed on the
plate 8; this screw is revolved by means of the bevel-wheels v, vl, which may be
turned by a crank-wheel v² arranged as shewn; 8 represents a shield, which may
be attached to or form part of the arms t, and which serves to prevent the clogging
of the bevel gearing by sawdust or the like.
Instead of keying the pulleys f upon the axles, shafts, or spindles of the saws b, c,
I prefer to form in the interior of each pulley a cavity or chamber w (see
Figures 5 and 6), which when the pulley is placed upon its shaft is eccentric to the
latter. In this chamber I place a metal pin or a piece of wire w¹, which when the
pulley is placed on the shaft and is slightly rotated, will be gripped between the
inner excentric face of the said chamber and the shaft, and will thus hold the pulley
firmly in position upon the same.
Having thus fully described my said Invention and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that I claim the above described improvements in
sawing machinery or apparatus, comprising,-
First. The combination with the cross-cutting saw of the transversely moving
table (provided with the ledge or flange k*) and the adjustable stop mi, substantially
as above set forth and for the purposes specified.
Second. The combination with the ripping saw of the adjustable guide p
mounted upon a movable carrier, substantially as above set forth and for the
purposes specified.
Third. The combination of the saws b, c, driven as above described or in any
other suitable manner, the tables k and q, the stop m, the guide p, and the carriers
whereon the said stop and guide are mounted, all substantially as above set forth
and for the purposes specified.
Fourth. The combination with the table having the ledge k* of the bar o and the
adjustable arm o', substantially as above set forth and for the purpose specified.
Fifth. The combination with the table having the lugs and the roller or
rollers of the longitudinally adjustable bar 12, and the vertically-adjustable bar
or rail, substantially as above set forth and for the purposes specified.
Sixth. The combination with the carriers m' and of devices, substantially as

page_text: set forth with reference to Figure 4 of the Drawing for securing the said carriers
in position within their slots."
Seventh. The combination with the saw shafts or spindles mounted in bearings
constructed as above described, or in any other suitable bearings, of the devices for
vertically adjusting the said shafts or spindles, substantially as set forth.
Eighth. The means for securing the driving pulley upon the saw-spindle,
substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 5 and 6 of the Drawing.
Ninth. The machine for cutting or sawing planks or boards, consisting of the
parts constructed and combined, substantially as shown in the accompanying
Drawing, and operating as above set forth and for the purposes specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Myers, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fifteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
F. MYERS. (L.S.)