AN IM- PROVED MANGLE
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Francis Snowden, of" Weymouth, in
the County of Dorset, Mechanist, for the Invention of "AN IM-
PROVED MANGLE."
Sealed the 14th December 1853, and dated the 12th July 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Francis
Snowden at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 12th July 1853.
I, WILLIAM FRANCIS SNOWDEN, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MANGLE" to be as follows:
The principal feature of my improvement in the construction of
mangles is the adaptation of a cylindrical roller of metal to bear upon
the upper surface of the pressing box which contains the ordinary load-
ing; this metallic roller is to be made hollow, and capable of receiving
heaters within it for the purpose of ironing or calendering and drying
damp clothes and other such goods. The upper surface of the ordinary
mangle box I cover with a smooth table or plate of wood, or other
suitable material, on which the damp goods are to be spread out; and
as the ordinary operations of the mangle are carried on, the goods

page_text: spread upon the table are made to pass under the heated cylinder, and
thereby receive the ironing or calendering by which they become
sinoothend and dried.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Francis Snowden in the Great Seal
Patent Office, on the 12th January 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE.. PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
WILLIAM FRANCIS SNOWDEN, of Weymouth, in the County of Dorset,
Machinist, send greeting.
W.
e.
....
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing-date-the Twelfth day-of July, in the year of our
Lord. One thousand eight hundred. and fifty-three,. in. the seventeenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said William Francis Snowden, Her special licence
that I, the said William Francis Snowden, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said 'William Francis Snowden,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
h..
and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for AN IMPROVED MANGLE" upon the"condition (amongst others) that
I, the said William Francis Snowden, by an instrument' in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar inonths next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent. *-**-*
⚫ NOW KNOW YE; that I; the shid William Francis Snowden, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in "what manner
the same is to be performed; to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in-and by the following statement, reference being' had to the

page_text: Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say): "
The object of this Invention is so to construct a mangle that while
acting upon the clothes to effect the ordinary mangling operation it
will admit of other clothes, which may or may not have already under-
gone
that operation, being simultaneously calendered and dried.
Another advantage consequent on the present improvement is that a
more equable pressure is put upon the clothes throughout the traverse
of the weighted box than can be given by the ordinary construction of
mangles.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1; shews the improved mangle
in longitudinal sectional elevation;. and Fig. 2, is a cross section taken
in the line 1, 2, of Fig. 1. a, a, is the ordinary table of the mangle,
and b, b, is the weighted box, resting on the loose rollers.c, c, round.
which the clothes to be mangled are wound.
This box b, is furnished with a cover d, which forms. a second table,
and pressing upon this table d, is a hollow metal roller e, which revolves.
in loose bearings in the cast iron framing f, f. This framing, which is
shewn in side view at Fig. 3, and in edge. view.at Fig. 4, I prefer. to
make in the form represented to facilitate its application to the mangles
at present in use, when my improvements are required to be added
thereto, as it admits of ready attachment to the wooden framing of
the mangle by means of bolts and nuts, as shewn at Figures 3, and 4..
Immediately above the roller c, is a shaft g, which turns in bearings
provided for it in the framing f, and receives motion from a winch
handle h. To one end of this shaft g, a pinion i, is keyed, and to the
other end a fly wheel is secured for the purpose of steadying the motion.
of the mangle. The shaft. g, also forms an axle.for a barrel k, which
is mounted loosely thereon, and receives upon its periphery the cord.by
which the weighted box is traversed over .the lower table. The
pinioni, gears into and drives a pinion *, carried by a stud from the
framing, and into the side of this wheel projects the forked termina-
tion of a rod l, which carries at its other end a pinion for gearing into:
and driving a mangle wheel m, mounted loosely on a fixed axle carried

page_text: by the framing f, and affixed to or forming one with a cog-wheel m*.
By this arrangement, therefore, the wheel m", is driven alternately in
opposite directions, although the shaft g, from which the rotary motion
is derived is always revolving in the same direction. This alternating
rotary motion is communicated by the wheel m*, to a pinion on the
barrel, and thereby the barrel is caused to wind up and give out
alternately the lengths of cord which connect it to the opposite ends of
the weighted box, in doing which the box is traversed from one end of
the machine to the other. In order to lift the weighted box to permit
of either one or other of the rollers c, being removed and replaced
with a fresh supply of linen, a rocking axle n, is mounted in the centre
of the machine below the box, and provided with crank arms which
carry antifriction bowles at their extremities for bearing against
shoulders formed one on each, side of the box. A lever i, is "aflixed
to this axle, and by moving it to the right or left the box may be raised
clear of either of the rollers c. have said that simultaneously with
the mangling of the clothes by the pressure of the weighted box b;
on the rollers c, the operation of drying or calendering may be per-
formed; to this end I introduce into the hollow metal roller e; heated
irons o, o, (or the ends of the roller may be closed, and steam intro-
duced, if prefered,) and I then spread tlie clothes which are required
to undergo this operation upon the table d. As, therefore, the box is
traversed backwards and forwards the clothes will receive the heat and
pressure of the roller e. Another advantage which results from
use of this roller is, that the tendency of the box when it has run to
the end of its course to tip up and throw all its weight upon one
roller will be prevented by reason of the roller e, offering an obstruc-
tion to the elevation of the inner or lighter end of the weighted
box.
Having now set forth the nature and object of my Invention of "An
Improved Mangle," and described the manner of carrying the sanie
into effect, I wish it to be understood, that under the above in part
recited Letters Patent I claim the application to mangles of a second
table carried by the traversing weighted box, and of a roller pressing

page_text: thereon and revolving by friction of contact therewith, for the purpose
above explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Francis Snowden, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Ninth day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
four.
Witness,
WILLIAM FRANCIS SNOWDEN.
Benjamin Barlow,
No. 76, St. Thomas Street,
Weymouth, Dorset,
Wine Merchant.