Improvements in Telegraphic Apparatus.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1892--Accepted, 8th Oct., 1992
Improvements in Telegraphic Apparatus.
A communication by LOUIS DILL, of 67, Zeil, Frankfort-on-the-Main, in the
Kingdom of Prussia, Empire of Germany, Engineer.
1, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool and 6, Bank Street,
Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, and 323 High Holborn, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The invention relates to improvements in that, class of telegraphic apparatus
which produce characters of the Morse system, composed of strokes and dots
printed on a strip of paper. All apparatus of that system hitherto employed are
provided with a wheel-work for feeding the strip of paper, and the characters are
printed in the longitudinal direction of the said strip.
The improvements of this invention are designed to entirely dispense with the
wheel-work, the feed motion being obtained by a local battery connected with the
apparatus, and the said improvements also serve to print the characters as desired,
either in the longitudinal direction of the strip of paper, or in the transverse
direction. The construction of the apparatus, owing to these improvements herein-
after described is greatly simplified and its costs are considerably reduced. Other
valuable advantages are connected with the working system of the improved
apparatus, as compared with the Morse apparatus hitherto employed. For
instance, the tiresome necessity of winding up the wheel-work is entirely dispensed
with, and frequent repairs, such as replacing a broken driving spring etc., are
obviated. By printing the characters in the transverse direction, across the width
of the paper strip, a considerable saving of paper may be obtained and the written
matter may be read with considerably greater facility, thus excluding many errors
which used to occur with the system in use.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a telegraphic apparatus embodying, the improve-
ments of the invention.
Figure 2 is an end elevation of the same, seen from the right to the left of
Figure 1.
Figures 3, 4 and 5 serve to illustrate sundry details of the apparatus as
hereinafter described and
Figure 6 is a general plan to explain the working order of the improved
apparatus.
Wire X connects the apparatus to a local battery, as at Z, Figure 6 and wires Y
to line.
If a telegram is to be received by the apparatus, lever a is turned by its handle B
away from the stop B' so as to make contact with a post c, thereby closing the
circuit of the local battery Z. In the said circuit an electro-magnet D is placed
which, being excited by the current entering through the screw g and spring f
attracts its iron core d' causing the same to oscillate on pivots e' between the two
frame sides e independently of the coil. The said core d', swinging, as described,
being attracted to the fixed armature of the said electro-magnet D, thereby
interrupts the circuit between the spring fand screw g. As soon as the circuit is
broken, the magnetism of core d¹ will cease and a spring d³, secured to the fixed
armature, or to some other part of the apparatus immediately returns the iron
Pain Q.77

page_text: core d¹ towards the screw g, thereby closing again the contact between the spring ƒ
and said screw and, consequently, the circuit of the local battery Z. The action
of the iron core d', by this means as described, is repeated at short intervals,
serving to perform the forward or feed-motion of the strip of paper by means of a
steel wedge h, which being pivoted as at i to an arm one with or secured to the
said iron core d, follows the oscillating movements of the said core and pressing on
the paper with its edge carries the same forward a fixed distance at each stroke.
A similar wedge pivoted to the fixed paper guideserves to prevent the strip
from being shifted backward during the return stroke of wedge h.
The apparatus is provided with another electro-maguet I connected to line by
wires Y the said magnet having an iron core K'arranged to swing between the two
frame sides e similar to the core d' of the electro-magnet D as hereinbefore
described. On every short depression of the key by the operator who sends the
telegram, the said iron core K is attracted towards the armaturé m, which has a
shape similar to that of a propellor screw, the said core K¹ however does, not make
contact with the said armature m. This core K carries a lever arm n Figure 1
which, as the said core is swinging, receives an up and down motion towards and
away from the strip of paper. By the upward stroke of the said "lever-arm n the
strip of paper is forced against the printing roller which receives ink from the
inking roller o¹, the paper, thereby, receives a printed ink dot.
v
On releasing the key the circuit of the line is broken and the iron core K' is
released from the armature m by a spring p the tension of which is made adjustable
by a screw paud nut, Figure 1, the lever arm n as the said core K' returns moves
down and removes the paper from the printing roller o.
If it is desired to make a stroke in the transverse direction of the strip of paper,
the operator who sends the telegram gives the key a longer depression, whereby the
armature mattracted during a longer period by the iron core K' is caused to
change its position turning on its trunnions m³ m² Figure 5. An arm R secured to
the said armature m and turning with the same, connects the two contacts pl and 2
and thereby closes another circuit of the local battery Z parallel to the circuit of
the magnet D. Within the said circuit closed by the arm R a third electro-
magnet S is placed. The coil of this magnet S has a comparatively small number
of turns, and as the current is passing through said magnet S the magnet D will
lose so much of its strength, that it is no longer able to operate the feed motion of
the paper. The said magnet S attracting its armature S¹ thereby imparts motion
to the lever arm S secured to the said armature and carrying the printing roller o,
whereby the said printing roller is moved with its full surface across the paper-
strip, producing a transverse stroke Figure 3.
If, however, it is desired to print a longitudinal stroke, the armature m is locked
by the adjustable stop or screw V and thereby prevented from turning. The
electro-magnet S, in this case, is not placed in the circuit of the local battery
and the printing roller o keeps in its normal position, as shown in Figure 4, thereby
producing on the strip of paper either a dot or a longitudinal stroke, according
to the length of time during which the key is depressed by the operator..
In order to cause the printing roller to present a different part of its circum-
ference towards the paper every time that it is pressed against the same; the
said printing roller o is rotated by a cord or strap or chain passing over a sheave
on the axis of a disc to which motion is imparted by the wedge h while
advancing the paper.
When the telegram received is complete, the lever a is shifted by the handle B
from the contact c to the stop B₁, whereby the circuit of the local battery is
broken. The paper strip, accordingly is put at rest, till the said circuit of the
local battery is closed again for receiving a new telegram.
The electro-magnet K remains in permanent connection with the line and, on the
usual signal given the lever a is again shifted to make the feed mechanism for the
paper operative, as described.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A telegraphic apparatus for producing characters as desired either in the
longitudinal or in the transverse direction of the strip of paper, comprising an
electro-magnet D placed in the circuit of a local battery, which electro-magnet,
while excited by the current of said circuit operates the feed motion of the paper
by aid of the armature of the said electro magnet, substantially as and for the
purpose described.
2. In a telegraphic apparatus, the combination with an electro-magnet D placed
in the circuit, of a local battery of an oscillating iron core d' operated by the
attraction of the armature and a returning spring, an arm connects to said iron
core a wedge h carried by the said arm to advance the paper in the forward stroke,
and a wedge to prevent the backward motion of the paper during the return
stroke of the said wedge h, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. In a telegraphic apparatus the combination with an electro-magnet K con-
nected to line, of an iron core K operating according as the line circuit is opened,
and closed by depressing and releasing the key, a lever arm n secured to said iron
core and being operated in the vertical direction by the oscillations of said
iron core, the said lever arm n by its upward stroke forcing the paper against the
printing roller, substantially as and for the purpose described.
4. In a telegraphic apparatus, the combination with an electro-magnet D placed
in the circuit of a local battery, and means for feeding the paper strip by aid of the
swinging iron core of said magnet, of an electro-magnet S with a comparatively
small number of turns, connected in a circuit of the same local battery, an
armature S attracted by the said, electro-magnet S when excited and a printing
roller carried by or connected to the said armature, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
5. In a telegraphic apparatus the combination with an electro-magnet D con-
nected in the circuit of a local battery and performing the feed motion of the
paper-strip, of another electro-magnet S having a comparatively small number of
turns and being placed in a circuit of the same local battery, a third electro-
magnet K connected to line, a swinging armature m attracted by the said magnet K
as the key is depressed and means for temporarily closing the circuit of the said
electro-magnet S by aid of the swinging armature m, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
6. In a telegraphic apparatus, the combination with an electro-magnet D placed
in the circuit of a local battery and performing the feed motion of the paper strip,
of another electro-magnet S having a comparatively small number of turns and
being connected in a circuit of the same local battery, a third electro-magnet K
connected to line, a swinging armature mattracted by the said magnet K as the
key is depressed, means for temporarily closing the circuit of the said electro-
magnet S by the aid of the swinging armature m and means to lock said armature m,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 2nd day of September 1892,
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co
Agents for the Applicant.