IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Emile Charageat, of Boulevard Saint Denis, 1, at Paris,
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS,
AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
Sealed the 21st. July 1876, and dated the 9th March 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. left by...the said Emile Charageat at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th March 1876.
"IM-
EMILE CHARAGEAT, of Boulevard Saint Denis, 1, at Paris, Manufacturer.
PROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
⚫The chief object of my Invention is to give umbrellas and other similar articles
much greater solidity and stability than heretofore.
My Invention is intended to apply more particularly to a former Invention, for
which I obtained Letters Patent on the 27th March 1875, No. 1046, but it also
applies to umbrella frames generally.
The Invention chiefly consists in the employment of a supplementary set of
small stretchers independent' of the runner to which the main stretchers are
attached, and which supplementary set, when the umbrella is opened, forms a second
frame of stays, which much increases the resistance of the ribs to the action of the
wind' or other causes having a similar tendency. Owing to their short length these
small'stretchers only slightly increase the weight of the umbrella, and besides this
can be compensated-for by lightening the frame. The addition of this second set
of-stretchers has the- further advantage of giving more upward pressure to the
main stretchers at the moment when the runner passes the horizontal line during
the opening of the umbrella. The result is that the umbrella is held-much more
rigidly; and it is proof against gusts of wind and other-external shocks.
Further, the double set of stretchers allows of giving the form or dome of the
umbrella a very regular curve' which cannot-get out of shape, as is the-case with
other umbrellas.
My Invention' includes several accessory. improvements; which will be understood
by the following description of an umbrellaï frame inade according to my In-
*vention.
.
The ribs-jointed to the "top notch" are each connected by another joint to the
corresponding main' or ordinary stretcher which is in its turn jointed to the runner
notch. "Independently of the main stretchers I arrange a second set of small

page_text: stretchers or stays which are jointed at their inner ends to an additional "notch"
and at their outer ends to a tenon on each rib situated at about a quarter of its
length from the top notch. The form or dome of the umbrella when opened has a
very regular curve, caused by the ribs having previously had given to them a slight
curve, continued for their whole length, and this allows of propelling springs being
dispensed with.
In order to connect the stretchers to the top notch, additional notch, and runner
notch, I dispense with the use of wire, and I make the inner end of each stretcher
in the form of a fork, through which pass a pin or small rod which I rivet therein
and allow to project at each side; or these projections on the two sides of the end
of the stretcher may be formed by stamping. In either case these lateral pro-
jections when the notch is closed or fastened hold the stretchers very rigidly, while
allowing them free movement on the notch. The top notch and additional notch
are made in two pieces; the outer part forming a tube is made by stamping without
soldering or cramping; it is threaded internally, and receives by screwing the
notch (properly so called) which is threaded for the purpose. The runner is made
in the sanic manner, the body being formed of one piece by stamping without
soldering or cramping, and the notch being screwed into it. I thus obtain a good
and comparatively cheap runner, which has hitherto been the object of many fruit-
less trials.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of 'the Letters Patent filed by
the said Emile Charageat in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd July
1876.
-
-
"
EMILE CHARAGEAT, of Boulevard Saint Denis, 1, at Paris, Manufacturer. IM-
PROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
The chief object of my Invention is to give umbrellas and other similar articles
much greater solidity and stability than heretofore.
My Invention is intended to apply more particularly to a former Invention for
which I obtained Letters Patent on the 27th March 1875, No. 1046, but it also
applies to umbrella frames generally.
The Invention chiefly consists in the employment of a supplementary set of
small stretchers independent of the runner to which the main stretchers are
attached, and which supplementary set, when the umbrella is opened, formis a
second frame of stays which much increases the resistance of the ribs to the action
of the wind or other causes having a similar tendency. Owing to their short
length these small stretchers only slightly increase the weight of the umbrella, and
besides this can be compensated for by lightening the frame. The addition of
this second set of stretchers has the further advantage of giving more upward
pressure to the main stretchers at the moment when the runner passes the hori-
zontal line during the opening of the umbrella. The result is that the umbrella
is held much more rigidly and it is proof against gusts of wind and other external
shocks.
Further, the double set of stretchors allows of giving the form or dome of
the umbrella a very regular curve which cannot get out of shape, as is the case
with other umbrellas.
My Invention includes several accessory improvements which will be under-
stood by the annexed Drawings and by the following description thereof.
Figure 1 is a full sized representation of a portion of an umbrella frame; and
Figures 2 to 12 represent various parts detached.
The ribs a jointed to the "top notch" b are each connected by another joint to
the corresponding main or ordinary stretcher c, which is in its turn jointed to the
runner notch d. Independently of the main stretchers c I arrange a second set of
small stretchers or stays f, which are jointed at their inner ends to an additional

page_text: "notch" g, and at their outer ends to a tenon h on each rib situated at about a
quarter of its length from the top notch. The form or dome of the umbrella when
opened has a very regular curve, as will be seen on reference to Figure 1, caused
by the ribs a having previously had given to them a slight curve, continued in a
regular manner for their whole length, and this allows of the propelling springs,
described in the Specification of my former Letters Patent, being dispensed with.
In order to connect the stretchers to the notches I dispense with the use of wire,
and I make the inner end of each stretcher in the form of a fork, as represented in
Figures 2, 3, and 4, through which I pass a pin or small rod i, Figures 2 and 3,
which I rivet therein and allow to project at each side; or these projections on the
two sides of the end of the stretcher may be formed by stamping, see j, j, Figure 4.
In either case these lateral projections, when the notch is closed or fastened, hold
the stretchers very rigidly, while allowing them free movement on the notch. The
top notch and additional notch b and g, Figures 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8, are made in two
pieces; the outer part g forming a tube is made by stamping without soldering or
clamping; it is threaded internally and receives by screwing the notch, properly so
called, g, which is threaded for the purpose. The runner is made in the same
manner, the body d (see Figures 9, 10, and 11) being formed of one piece by
stamping without soldering or cramping, and the notch being screwed into it. I
thus obtain a good and comparatively cheap runner, a thing which has hitherto
been the object of many previous fruitless attempts to produce.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention and in what manner
the saine is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my "Improvements in
Umbrellas, Parasols, and other similar Articles,"
First. The employment of the additional set of stretchers or stays, substantially
as and for the purposes herein-before described and represented in the annexed
Drawings.
Second. The mode or means of connecting the stretchers to the notches in lieu
of wire as ordinarily used, substantially as herein-before described and represented
in the annexed Drawings.
Third. Manufacturing the notches and the runner in two pieces, substantially as
herein-before described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth. Making the ribs with a slight curve, continued for their whole length, as
and for the purpose herein-before described.
Fifth. The combination of parts forming an improved frame for umbrellas and
other like articles, substantially as herein-before described and represented in the
annexed Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Emile Charageat, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of July, One thousand eight hundred
Witness,
ALBERT CAHEN,
Civil Engineer,
of Boulevard Saint Denis, No. 1,
at Paris.
E. CHARAGEAT. (L.S.)