Improvements in Machines for Printing in Colours.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Dec., 1897-Accepted, 28th May, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Printing in Colours.
We, GASTON ELIE BOUVET, Engineer, of 1, Rue Leopold Robert, and EDOUARD
ALBERT FIX, Printer, of 47, Rue du Montparnasse, both of Paris, in the Republic of
France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to a rotary continuous metallographic machine for printing
in one or several colours on paper or tissue of any nature, and, if required upon both
faces, irrespective of the length of such paper or tissue.
same
This machine essentially comprises three cylinders preferably of the
diameter, and the axes of which are located in one and the same plane. The central
cylinder being the pressure cylinder, while the outer cylinders are the printing
cylinders. The design to be reproduced upon paper or tissue is counter-drawn or
traced, by the ordinary lithographic process, upon two absolutely similar sheets of
metal zinc, aluminium, or any other metal sheet, flexible and admitting of its being
employed for lithographic purposes these two sheets being mounted, one on the left
hand cylinder and the other on the right hand cylinder.
It is evident, that on gearing together these three cylinders in such a manner as
to cause them to turn at the same speed, and on charging the metal sheets, mounted
on the outside cylinders, with lithographic ink, and on subsequently causing the
paper or the tissue to pass between these three cylinders, the said paper or tissue
will admit of its being printed upon in a continuous manner.
To impart a clear idea, let us suppose, as a matter of fact, that the length of
the design produced on one of the metal sheets be exactly 1.20 metres, for
example. On then constructing the three cylinders in such a manner that their
circumference, including the thickness of the metal sheet, be exactly equal to 2.40
metres, it is evident that the cylinder A', during one complete revolution, will print
1.20 metres of paper or tissue, then leaving a free space of 1.20 metres.
space will roll over the central cylinder and will present itself under pressure before
the right hand cylinder, at the moment when the zinc mounted thereon and
charged with lithographic ink, will arrive at the horizontal line of the axes of the
cylinders.
This free
Thus, during this second half-turn, it is the right hand cylinder which will print
upon the space left free by the left hand cylinder; then, during the following
half-turn, the left hand cylinder will again print upon a space of 1.20 metres, which
will remain untouched by the right hand cylinder, and so forth, so that, if the
semi-circumference of the central cylinder exactly corresponds to the length of the
design reproduced upon the metal sheets, the marks of junction will be perfect and
the impression will take place in an absolutely continuous manner.
For the sake of a ready expression we will hereinafter use the term "zines" for
the metal sheets adapted to receive the designs; it being, however, understood, that
the machine may be just as well worked with any other metal sheets, provided that
they be flexible and suitable for lithographic impression.
In order to attain the results, above indicated each of the printing cylinders has

page_text: its periphery divided into two exactly equal parts, one constituting the block on
which the zinc is mounted, and the other constituting the inking table.
Each printing cylinder is moreover provided with a set of damping distributing
and inking rollers and with an appropriate distributing device, by which:
a. The damping rollers can be lifted and lowered during the time when the inking
table passes along the set of rollers;
b. The distributing rollers can be lifted and the damping rollers be lowered during
the period when the zinc passes along the set of rollers.
As the inking rollers have to pass successively over these two surfaces, in order to
transmit the ink or colour from one to the other, they are held applied against the
one and the other surface by the distributing device. Finally this device enables the
central or pressure cylinder to be kept separate from the surface of one or the other
printing cylinders when the inking table of one of these latter passes along the
pressure cylinders, while at the same time allowing of the pressure from the central
cylinder to take place, when, on the contrary, it is the zinc which passes along the
said pressure cylinders.
In case where the tissue or the paper is of a very small width, say, for example,
of a maximum width of 0.80 metres, two may be printed at the same time by
mounting two similar and symmetrical zincs upon the left hand cylinder and as
many upon the right hand cylinders. The said cylinders will then, of course, have
to be so arranged as to admit of their receiving one or two zines, at will. In this
case one complete revolution of the central cylinder will produce four complete prints
of the design to be printed.
As the paper or the tissue to be printed on, must enter into pressure with the
left hand cylinder and the central cylinder without any fold or crease being formed,
it is suitably stretched by the aid of special stretching devices which will be
hereinafter described, and it will be subsequently necessary to either keep the same
in position or to guide the same with accuracy. For this purpose we have contrived
a means for fixing the same for a moment to a doubling device or doubler, a kind of
endless cloth, formed of a very thick and very resistant fabric, and having holes
arranged upon its edges, these holes being pierced at a distance, from one axis, to
the other, equal to an under-multiple of the circumference of the cylinders for
instance 0.60 in the present case. These holes are surrounded by metal eyes,
serving to strengthen them, and may receive points for guiding this doubling
device. These points may be formed by four gudgeons placed at each side of the
central cylinder and at the extremities of two perpendicular diameters of this
cylinder, so that at each quarter-turn of the central cylinder these points will so
present themselves as to enter the holes of the doubling device and they will thus
fix the position of the latter upon the cylinder.
The doubling device or doubler must be slightly greater in width than the widest
tissue that may have to be printed upon, that is to say 1.80 metres in the present
instance, and must be in length exactly equal to a complete number of times
0.60 metres. Finally the paper or the tissue to be printed upon, is, momentarily
fixed to this doubler by the aid of a special device hereinafter described.
In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is a longitudinal side elevation partly in section on the line 1-1 of
Figure 2.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a transverse section taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section to a larger scale, taken on the line 4-4 of
Figure 2, shewing the mechanism for lifting the rollers;
Figure 5 is a transverse section of the said mechanism for lifting the rollers, taken
on the line 5-5 of Figure 2;
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section on the line 6-6 of Figure 2 shewing the apparatus
for automatically disengaging and lifting the rollers;
Figure 7 is a corresponding plan thereof;
Figure 8 is a transverse section on the line 8-8 of Figure 2;

page_text: Figure 9 is a transverse section on the line 9-9 of Figure 2 shewing the mechanism
of the double inking apparatus ;
Figure 10 is a plan of Figure 9;
Figure 10 shows in plan the support for the tank divided in two parts in the case
of impressions being required in two widths.
Figure 11 is a vertical section of the double inking apparatus and of its mechanism
on line 11-11 of Figure 9;
Figure 12 is a longitudinal detail view of the mechanism for automatically
demaculating and rolling up;
Figure 13 is a plan of Figure 12;
Figure 14 is a transverse section thereof;
Figure 15 is a detail view shewing in longitudinal elevation the automatic damping
mechanism;
Figure 16 is a corresponding plan;
Figure 17 is a transverse section shewing in detail the upper dome;
Figure 18 is a plan thereof;
Figure 19 represents in transverse elevation the lower dome in detail;
Figure 20 is a detail view of a printing cylinder, shewing the various ways or
races in which the guide rollers of the damping, inking and distributing rollers
rotate along the zinc;
Figure 21 is a vertical section of the cylinder on line 21-21 of Figure 20;
Figure 22 is another vertical section on line 22-22 of Figure 20;
Figure 23 represents the rule for fixing the zincs upon the cylinders;
Figure 24 shews the recess made in the thickness of the cylinders in order to
conceal the said rule therein;
Figure 25 shews the arrangement of movable points employed for regulating and
making the zinc upon the printing cylinders;
Figure 26 is a corresponding plan thereof;
Figure 27 is a fractional longitudinal elevation representing the mechanism for
driving the roller which receives the tissue or the paper;
Figure 28 is a fractional transverse elevation of the said driving mechanism;
Figure 29 is an elevation shewing in detail the variable rule with separating
points;
Figure 30 is a corresponding plan thereof;
Figure 31 is a transverse section of the rule, representing the same in position
as mounted on its chain and fitted into its actuating cylinder.
Figure 32 represents the chain with fixed points passing over a toothed wheel,
the points being inverted ;
Figure 33 shews the said chain in plan and
Figure 34 is a section on line 34-34 of Figure 32.
1. ARRANGEMENT AND MECHANISM FOR DRIVING THE CYLINDERS.
As has been herein before explained, the machine essentially consists of three
cylinders A, A1, A2, namely: two printing cylinders A1 A2 and one pressing cylin-
der A. The axes or shafts of these cylinders are supported in bearings h h ho
mounted on the table h³ of the main frame F of the machine; the bearings h7 h³ of
the shafts a 7 of the printing cylinders A¹ A2 being adapted to receive a longitudinal
displacement upon this table by the aid of a mechanism described further on and the
bearing he of the shaft a22 of the pressing cylinder A being rigidly mounted on the
main frame H of the machine.
At each end of the cylinders A A¹ A² are respectively mounted the toothed crowns
or rims A3 A4 A5 gearing with each other.
The machine is driven by a main driving shaft T2 mounted in bearings F³ and
carrying the fast pulley T and the loose pulley T receiving the driving belt. These
pulleys are under the influence of the automatic uncoupling or disengaging mechanism
which will be hereinafter described.

page_text: The shaft T2 transmits its movement to the shaft U1 U2 mounted in the
bearings H4 H5 by the intermediary of a toothed wheel U, keyed on the said
shaft gearing with the toothed wheels u u², respectively fixed on the shafts U1 U².
These shafts carry in addition to the wheels u u² which are arranged in front
of the toothed crowns or rims A4 A5 placed at the two ends of each printing
cylinder toothed wheels u² u³ u u* respectively gearing with the said toothed
crowns or rims, and transmitting the driving action to the printing cylinders.
The pressure-cylinder A is driven by the toothed crowns or rims A4 A5 gearing
with the crowns or rims A³ mounted on the said cylinders. From this toothed rim A³
the doubler as well as the pointed chain serving to actuate and guide the paper, are
driven, as will be explained further on. The maculating and demaculating
mechanisms likewise derive their driving movement from the cylinder A by the
intermediary of a bevel wheel a³, keyed on the shaft a22 of the said cylinder A.
2. MECHANISM FOR GUIDING THE TISSUE OR THE PAPER AND THE DOUBLER.
Figures 1, 2 and 3.
The tissue or the paper X is wound, beforehand, upon one roll B (in the case of
printing in one width, or upon two rolls (in the case of printing in two widths) each
of these rolls being mounted on a special mandril by the aid of a device which we
will describe further on.
The tissue or the paper X first freely unwinds itself from these rolls and passes
into a special stretching apparatus previous to its arriving opposite the indices here-
inafter described.
When this tissue or this paper has not yet received any impression, it will be found
sufficient to allow it to unwind itself, whereby it becomes more or less stretched, care
being, however, taken that it be not subject to lateral displacement. When, on the
contrary, it has already received one ink or colour, then it will have to be maculated
that is to say, wound up with an intermediate paper roll serving to prevent this ink
or colour from applying itself to the back of this printing tissue or printing paper;
in this case, it will be necessary to demaculate the same during the working opera-
tion and we have contrived, for this purpose, a mechanisin which we will describe
further on.
In order to observe any lateral displacements of the tissue or of the paper, that
may occur, we have arranged the indices formed by slides b provided with binding
screws 6¹ and carrying horizontal points 62, which serve to level the tissue; these
slides admit of their being displaced along a horizontal rod b³. The said indices
indicate to a person stationed behind, the precise place, where the points previously
traced upon the paper or upon the tissue, have to pass. The marks of junction may
thus be ensured laterally by displacing the feed roller upon its mandril by any con-
venient means.
The marks of junction in the longitudinal direction are obtained by the tension of
the paper or of the tissue. For this purpose we have designed a tension apparatus,
composed of three rollers 64 65 66, two of which, namely b³ and be, will be fast, that is
to say, will not roll upon their own axes; whilst the third b will turn freely with the
tissue or the paper. The centres of these fast rollers 65 66 are adapted to be dis-
placed before the machine is started, one horizontally and the other vertically in the
guides 67 68, in such a manner as to more or less increase, around their circumference,
the surface which encloses the tissue or the paper and as to consequently regulate
the tension of the latter. When this tension has once been regulated according to
the kind of work to be effected, the fast tension rollers are made immovable by means
of a screw nut which only need be tightened against the frame.
Moreover, the feed rollers of the tissue or of the paper have their mandrils held,
by means of special brakes, in the frames which they support, whereby the tension
can again be increased or diminished. These special brakes will be described further
on with reference to Figures 12 and 14.

page_text: In the case of a tissue or a paper of one single width being printed, all these rollers
are simple, their length being then equal to the width of the machine.
In the case where two widths are to be printed, each of these rollers is double, so
that the tension of the two papers or of the two tissues can be separately adjusted.
It is evident that the tissue or the paper thus can be stretched at will, and in a
very adjustable manner, so that the marks of iunction are formed in an exact
manner,
In the case of two or more colours, care will have to be taken, that, on starting the
second colour, this colour be marked exactly upon the first colour. For this purpose
it is necessary that at each side of the zinc or zines, mounted upon the cylinders A¹
and A, a point be traced which is sufficiently visible, which may, however, be
concealed as well as possible, in the design reproduced upon these zincs. On the
other hand, two movable devices or points d (or four in the case of printing in two
widths) fixed on an iron transverse bar d¹ displacing itself opposite two pointers will
enable the latter, after a few groping movements, to pass these pins into the points,
which, since the application of the first colour, have been impressed at the same time
as the design, upon the tissue or upon the paper. This transverse bar therefore must
receive exactly the same speed as the paper or the tissue, in order that it may follow
the latter in its ascending movement and for this purpose it is connected at each of
its ends with an endless chain d² travelling precisely at this speed (see Figures 1, 3,
29, 30 and 31).
Each of these chains corresponds in length exactly to a multiple of the circum-
ference of the cylinders A¹ A2, for example, 4.80, and on connecting therewith four
similar transverse bars equally spaced from axis to axis, the diametrically opposite
points will be located at a distance of 1.20 metres from one another.
The chains are wound around rollers C and C¹s hollowed out in the direction of
several of their generatrices, so that recesses d³ are formed, into which each of these
transverse bars fits itself in proportion as the machine rotates.
It is evident, that by this arrangement, the tissue or the paper to be printed, will
be fixed in its position during the period of its ascending toward the upper roller C,
and that, if the pointers cause the pins or points to enter exactly the points of the
junction marks, the second colours will mark exactly upon the first, thereupon the
third upon the second and so forth.
The points are movable along the transverse bar d¹, so as to admit of pointing
tissues or papers of any width.
For this purpose they are screwed on a slide d¹, fixed
on a second transverse bar do parallel to the first, by the aid of screw bolts do, which
allow of the blocks being stopped in any position. These latter are adapted to slide
in grooves provided in both transverse bars, at once.
In the case of printing being required in two widths, four such point-mechanisms
are fixed upon each of the transverse bars, and in the case of a single width, only two
point mechanisms are required.
The transverse bar d¹, traversed by the points d, and the transverse bar d5
carrying the slides d' of these point mechanisms are moved toward each other by
return springs d arranged at each end, and the longitudinal axes of each of the
transverse bars are held in the same plane by the aid of screw bolts de fixed in the
transverse bar d¹ and passing through holes provided for this purpose in
the transverse bar d³.
On leaving the tension or stretching device, the tissue or the paper X rises
vertically up to the cylinder C and winds itself around the roller C¹ (Figure 1) which
applies the same against the doubler D which is guided and firmly connected
with the tissue or paper until it enters under pressure the machine, as will be
explained further on.
As, moreover, this paper or this tissue applies itself against the roller C¹ with its
printed face turned toward this roller, as it may become soiled there, another
endless cloth E, running at the same speed, winds itself around C¹, then around the
roller C, and if it become soiled, it can be wiped off and even washed in any
suitable manner, while in motion.

page_text: The tension of this endless cloth is maintained by the aid of a tension device of
any suitable construction E¹.
Immediately upon their leaving the roller C¹, the doubler and the tissue or the
paper are supported by a dome or top-frame of wood or other material F of a very
rounded shape, in order to facilitate the sliding movement, and upon which displaces
itself the endless cloth which supports them.
The doubler is carried along with each of its edges by the aid of two endless
chains G, which will be described further on and which are each provided with a
series of points g mounted in blocks g³ connecting two links of the chain (Figure 33)
the spacing of which corresponds to that of the holes in the doubler and which slide
and are guided in two lateral guides or rails G³, provided for this purpose in the
dome F, so that any lateral displacement of the doubler is rendered impossible.
As regards longitudinal displacements, such displacements can not take place
because the doubler, the tissue or the paper and the endless cloth will be worked at an
exactly uniform speed, namely that of any point upon the circumference of the
pressure cylinder A. They will consequently be brought under pressure with the
greatest precision and, when the pressure again ceases, all that is necessary to do
will be to guide them with the same precision and to carry them along at the same
speed upon their return-path to the cylinder C¹. For this purpose, as soon as their
pressure ceases, the doubler and the tissue or the paper return upon another
dome F, similar to the preceding, but arranged externally, and this time it is the
doubler which slides upon the said dome, while the tissue lies above and its printed
face likewise above.
On their arriving in front of the machine, they readily separate. The tissue or
the paper accumulates upon rolls B₁ arranged for this purpose in front of the
machine, whilst the endless doubler again winds itself upon the cylinder C¹.
As regards the guiding of the paper or of the tissue X, and of the doubler B, sup-
porting the same, upon the domes FF, it should be observed that the upper dome ¹
only supports the doubler and the paper or the tissue from above, whereas the lower
dome supports in addition the endless cloth E, so that some slight modifications in
their respective arrangements are necessary.
The upper dome (Figures 1, 3, 17, 18 and 19) rests by the aid of blocks f upon the
_cross bars fl arranged at distances apart which on their part are supported by lateral
columns h of the machine frame. These cross bars support two external side rails G¹,
in each of which an interior rail G2 is located which serves as a guide for the chain.
Screws g maintain the rails G¹ upon their cross bars f¹ and screws g² admit of the
position of the rails G2 being adjusted relatively to the rails G¹.
The object of this adjusting mechanism is to maintain the tension of the doubler
in transverse direction.
g
The chains G slide in the interior of the rails G2, and the points 9 of these chains
pass in the vertical grooves of these rails.
The surface of the lower dome F must be fitted with a recess for receiving the
endless cloth E and is provided with rails G³ simply presenting a groove for guiding
the chains G which, in passing along upon these rails, are inverted that is to say have
their points directed downward. They are adjusted by a screw device analogous to
that used for the rails G1 G2 of the upper dome.
The driving rollers serving to actuate these chains must likewise be fitted with a
different arrangement according as the chain G passes over them normally or inverted
(Figures 1, 3, 32, 33 and 34). Each toothed wheel must be double, in order that
the hollow space between these two parts may admit of the precise passage of the
piece g³ which supports the points g or that it may admit of the points g themselves
to pass along.
The rollers upon which the chain passes in inverted direction are fitted with a
recess c for receiving the endless cloth, further with a recess c¹ for the passage of the
points. The recess c for the endless cloth E is just equal in depth to the thickness
of this cloth. The recess c¹ for the points g is deeper than the length of the points,
in order that any possible friction which would be dangerous, may be avoided.

page_text: The rollers which actuate the chains G, derive their movement from the rim as of
the pressure cylinder A (Figure 1). With these rims gear the toothed wheels (7
mounted on the shaft c' carried by the frame H. The toothed wheels C7, in their
turn, gear with the wheels C8 which transmit the movement to the wheels Cº. The
wheels Co gear with the wheels C² mounted on a shaft c², carried by the frame H;
the said shaft carries a bevel wheel which gears with a bevel wheel c°, keyed on an
inclined shaft c10. This shaft moreover carries at its centre a bevel wheel c¹ and at
its further extremity a bevel wheel c¹². The bevel wheel c¹ transmits the driving
movement to toothed wheels C12 by the intermediary of a shaft c¹³, carrying at each
end bevel wheels c¹, c15, c¹ gearing with c" and c¹5 with a bevel wheel cle, mounted
on the shaft c17 of the toothed wheels C12. The toothed wheels C2 serve to assist in
the driving of the chain. The bevel wheel c¹², on its part, gears with a bevel wheel c¹8
keyed on the shaft of the cylinder C. This cylinder C, now, transmits its movement
by means of the toothed wheels c¹º, on the one hand to the roller C¹ and on the other
hand to a train of guide rollers C3 C4 C5 C, as will be explained further on.
The endless chains G carrying along the doubler D, successively pass over the
rollers C³ C¹, travel over the lower dome F, then pass over the rollers C2 C3 C7, sub-
sequently over the transmission roller c20 and finally return by the rollers C C12
while travelling over the upper dome F¹. They thus leave the doubler D at the
roller C³, in order to re-join the same at the transmission roller c20. The doubler,
during this interval, follows along the path traversed by the paper or tissue X, around
the pressure cylinder A and is guided, there, by the points 21 of the said pressure
cylinder.
3. PRINTING CYLINDERS AND PRESSURE CYLINDER.
Figures 1, 2, 8, 20, 21 and 22.
Each printing cylinder comprises: (1) a block a upon which the zinc is nounted;
(2) a front recess a¹ acting as a gripping receiver and containing a tension device
serving for mounting this zine and for holding it in its place; this device will be
described further on; (3) a rear-recess a² with gudgeons serving to maintain the zinc
at its other end; (4) the colour bed a3 which is formed by the whole remainder of
the cylindrical surface of this cylinder; (5) at each end of the cylinders; rolling
paths or races J K L A6, respectively for the friction rollers 24, 24, 124 of the
mandrils of the damping, distributing and inking rollers and for the pressure
cylinder A; (6) Toothed rims A* A5 transmitting the driving movement from the
machine to the printing cylinders.
The recess a², a², as has just been stated, serve for mounting maintaining and
tightening the zinc upon the block a of each cylinder.
For this purpose the recess a² is simply provided with gudgeons a18, serving to enter
the holes provided in one of the edges of the zinc Z.
The other recess a' which serves as a kind of grip, is provided with a tension
device constructed in the following manner (see Figures 24, 25 and 26).
Into rectangular cavities provided in this recess, hollow metal blocks A7 are
fitted, which are each furnished with a partition wall A8, traversed by a screw Aº,
the nut of which is formed by a carriage A10, likewise hollowed out and possessing,
on its parts, a partition A", traversed by a screw A12, the nut of which latter is
formed by a carriage A¹³, provided with a gudgeon a, serving to enter into
holes provided in the other edge of the zinc Z. This double carriage device
admits of varying the position of the zinc either in the circular direction or in
the direction of the generatrices of the cylinder by acting now on the screw A³,
now on the screw A12.
The front or gripping recess a¹ moreover contains a flat rule a, extending all
over its length and being tightened upon the inclined plane of the recess by
means of binding screws as, this rule serves for maintaining the zinc in the
recess. The said rule is furnished with notches admitting of the passage of the
gudgeons a irrespective of the position of the latter. The pressure cylinder A
is provided with points or gudgeons a² (Figure 6) spaced to the extent of the

page_text: length of an arc equal to the distance between the eyes of the doubler. In the
present instance the cylinder comprises at each end four gudgeons a² lying, each
two diametrically opposite. They are placed in the axis of the path of the damping
rollers T4.
For the purpose of adjusting the pressure in this machine we have utilized the fact
that the central cylinder A occupies an absolutely fixed position and that the pressure
will be obtained by causing the printing cylinders A¹ and A² to more or less approach
the cylinder A. The bearing of the latter cylinder is, of course immovable in the
axis of the machine, and the bearings of the cylinders A¹ and A² are movable
horizontally along the frame, as, moreover, the pressure takes place in the horizontal
plane of the axes of the cylinders, the said bearings will wear evenly along this line;
we have therefore arranged the bearings horizontally instead of placing them
vertically.
The bearing h7 h³ of each cylinder A¹ and A2 is contained in a cast metal box i
forming a main support and being adapted to slide horizontally upon a widened
portion of the frame forming a table h¹. This box i is supported upon the said table
by means of two strong vertical bolts traversing this table by passing through
elongated holes and having their heads tapering into the thickness of the box. The
elongated holes admit of the bearing box i being horizontally displaced while at the
same time they firmly hold the latter upon the table, on the other hand a horizontal
shaft 2 of large diameter and traversing an overhanging cast metal piece is of the
table presents towards its head and screw threads of very large pitch so as to screw
into this overhanging piece 3. At its other end this shaft presents a groove it and
is inserted into a cylindrical hole provided for this purpose in the thickness of the
bearing box i.
The shaft, moreover, is so arranged (see Figure 1) that its axis is always in the
same horizontal plane as the axis of the cylinders A, A¹, A². A screw 15
perpendicular to the axis of this shaft has its extremity which is located in the
groove of the said shaft; the shaft i² and the bearing box i thus are firmly connected
with each other, and any rotary movement exerted by this shaft in one or the other
direction will displace the bearing box to the right or to the left. Upon this shaft 22
a worm wheel is mounted, gearing with an endless screw carried by a shaft 2,
traversing the table of the frame h¹, this shaft is actuated by a side crank i* and on
turning this crank the cylinder A' or the cylinder A is caused to advance or recede, as
long as the screw is in engagement with the groove it. It should be observed that
this screw is only placed in this position when the parallelism of the cylinders A¹ A²
relatively to the cylinder A is to be adjusted.
The crank shaft traverses the whole width of the machine and works at the
other side an altogether similar mechanism, so that on turning this crank on one
side or the other of the inachine the shaft a or a of the corresponding cylinder is
caused to advance or recede to an equal extent at each of its extremities and is
displaced parallel to its own axis. If, however, a more considerable displacement,
is required upon one side that on the other, in order to obtain a different pressure at
each of the extremities, this can be effected by forming the shaft 19 of the crank 18
of two independent parts and by connecting these two parts by a coupling sleeve 210.
When thus coupled, these two cranks will turn jointly; in order to cause them to
turn separately, the two parts constituting this shaft are uncoupled.
Thus, a few turns imparted to this crank will allow of the cylinder A¹ or the
cylinder A² being moved away from the cylinder A. As these cylinders A A¹ A2 are
respectively rigid with the toothed rims A3, A4, A5, these rims can be thrown out of
gear at will.
In order that an adjustable elastic pressure may be obtained, a spiral spring i
surrounds the screw threaded shaft or spindle and is held in position between two
rings 1213 mounted on said shaft or spindle. One ring 12 is firmly fixed to this
shaft by a screw 14; the other 13 being loose thereon. Supposing the pressure of
one cylinder A¹ or A2 against the cylinder A being required to be increased; in this
case the crank 28 is turned, the shaft 2 advances; also the ring 212, and the spring

page_text: becomes compressed between the rings 12 and 13. This latter bears against the
bearing box i, and as the screw 5 is not in the groove it, the pressure of the spring
is transmitted to this bearing box.
Thus, by executing a few turns of the crank, the respective position of the bearings
of the printing cylinders will be very exactly adjusted, by way of introducing the
screw, whereas, on the contrary, the pressure is adjusted by withdrawing the
screw.
Finally, the shafts of the cylinders A1 and A2 in traversing the machine frame, and
previous to their arriving above the side tables h¹ of this frame, are held in other
bearings h², presenting a perfectly free lateral displacement, so as to admit of the
movement of the above described mechanism. These bearing are of any appropriate
construction and are adapted to slide horizontally in the thickness of the
4. INKING AND DISTRIBUTING MECHANISM.
Figures 4 and 5.
The damping rollers J, distributing rollers K and inking rollers L of the
machine are arranged in a semi-circle around the top part of the printing
cylinders. Their mandrils j, k, l are located in bearings j¹¹ which are maintained
and guided in crowns cut in two "arcatures " supported on the horizontal frame of
the machine.
For each cylinder, the rollers are placed in the following order; damping-
distributing inking rollers (this arrangement is shown in Figures 15 and 16).
These rollers are each surmounted by a charging roller J¹ K¹ L'.
When the recesses in the crown approach the horizontal plane, the rollers would
no longer be sufficiently supported by their weight, and springs m located in these
recesses between the bearings of the charging rollers and the caps m¹ covering the
slots, serve to supply an auxiliary pressure.
In order to obtain the proper function of the rollers J K L in communication with
the block a and the colour table a³ of each printing cylinder A¹ A2, as has been above
explained the device shown by way of example in Figures 2, 5, 20, 21 and 22 may be
employed. This device is as follows:
Toward the ends of the mandrils j k l of each of the damping, distributing and
inking rollers J K L friction rollers 2x 24 12+ are mounted rolling respectively upon
rolling paths, or races J K L arranged at the ends of each printing cylinder A¹ A².
The races J and K are so shaped that the damping and distributing rollers are
alternately moved away from the cylinder according as it is the colour table a³ or
the zinc mounted on the block a, which passes into communication with the set of
rollers. The race L', on the contrary is so shaped that the inking rollers are applied
to one and the other part a a³ of the printing cylinder as has been above explained.
Finally the race or pressure crown A° of the printing cylinder serves, as has been
seen, for maintaining the required distance between each cylinder A¹ A2 and the
pressure cylinder A, in order to allow of the colour table as of each of the
cylinders A¹ A2, to pass out of contact with the cylinder A, while at the same time
admitting of pressure being applied when the zinc passes.
To facilitate and regulate the inking and the distribution, we have thought of
imparting to the inking and distributing rollers a lateral reciprocating movement by
the aid of the following device (Figures 2 and 5). On the mandril k and of each
inking or distributing roller a grooved sleeve N is fixed and on the shaft a7 as of
each printing cylinder a plate N¹ is mounted which is provided with two oblique
ribs n n¹ engaging with the edges n³ nt of the grooved sleeve N. When the printing
cylinder A¹ or A2 turns, this plate will turn therewith and its ribbed rim, the out-
line, of which has to be fixed for this purpose, will communicate to the grooved
sleeve, and consequently to the corresponding roller the desired side-course.
The plate N is moreover provided with a straight groove n³.
When it is desired that one or several rollers should not receive a transverse
reciprocating movement, the sleeve N is forced back upon its mandril by loosening

page_text: and re-tightening its binding screw n, and is placed into the position indicated in
dotted lines so as to communicate with the straight rib n5 which will turn in its
groove without causing the same to undergo any transverse movement.
5. MECHANISM FOR LIFTING THE ROLLERS.
Figs. 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.
In order that the rollers may be easily lifted in this machine, it is necessary that
the lever which is usually provided for this purpose, be curved and follow precisely
the curve of the cylinders. This lever is formed by a cast metal "arcature" P
presenting all along its outer surface incisions in form of sharp-pointed teeth 2, in
which the mandrils of the rollers are placed. This "arcature" placed between the
machine frame and the ribbed plate N¹ rests with cast metal arms p¹ upon a hub p
loosely mounted on the shaft of each printing cylinder and is held in position on this
shaft by side rings p³. There are thus four "arcatures" P, one at each end of the
shaft of each printing cylinder. Taking therefore this shaft as the point of support,
it follows that when the cylinder A¹ and A2 are to be thrown out of gear, and when
.these shafts are moved back, the rollers J K L resting on each of these cylinders, will
simultaneously move back to an equal extent, which they are enabled to do since the
"arcature" will at the same time move back to an equal extent. As the crowns M
are immovable, the mandrils j k l of the rollers slightly compress the springs'm which
near against their bearings ji k¹¹, while at the same time enabling the rollers to
follow the movement of the cylinders.
On the other hand, by causing each of these "arcatures" P pivot about the shaft
of the corresponding printing cylinder and by imparting to the teeth p of these
"arcatures a special given shape, the mandrils are all at once lifted off all the
rollers which rest in these teeth. In the working of the machine it is necessary that
these mandrils may be adapted to occupy three positions namely: (1) the position,
in which they are all at the bottom of the teeth of the "arcatures" the rollers then
bear against all the cylinders (working position); (2) when the machine is stopped
in its printing operation, it is necessary that at the end of its rotation all the rollers
of the two cylinders be simultaneously lifted to a given extent, so as to no longer
touch the cylinders (resting position); (3) it is finally necessary that all the
mandrils can be lifted to a still more considerable extent in order to throw the grooved
sleeves N completely out of engagement with the ribs of the plates N1, and for this
purpose it must be possible to turn the "arcatures," which support these rollers,
through a greater angle.
To obtain these different positions, the "arcatures "P are each jointed to a
connecting rod p₁ terminating in a double fork p³ p respectively provided with
friction rollers p p. One of these friction rollers p³ serves to transmit the
automatic driving movement so as to lift the arcature, as will be described
further on.
The other friction roller p rests upon a double vertical can p° mounted on a
horizontal shaft p, traversing the whole machine and carrying at each end a large
hand lever P2. On turning the same toward the ground, the cam will lift the friction
rollers p off the arcature and will lift the rollers to an extent corresponding to one
or the other position, 2 or 3 according as the friction roller will rest upon one or the
other of the edges of the double cam.
⚫ In order to displace the double cam under the friction roller 27 and to thus vary the
height of the lifting movement of the arcature, the shaft P is provided with two
washers p10 abutting externally against the outer faces of the pedestals pl of the
machine. These washers are fixed in any suitable manner to each of the shafts P¹, in
such positions that, on pulling or pushing back this shaft, it is displaced to the
extent necessary in order to pass one part or the other of the double cam under the
friction roller p².
When the arcature has been placed into its highest position, the grooved sleeves N
no longer touch the plates N₁; as the latter have become free, they admit of their

page_text: being displaced parallel to each other.
They are thus enabled to slide upon the
printing shafts, and will only be carried along thereby through the medium of a pin
or key, on which they slide freely. In order that they may be displaced to precisely
equal extents and without loss of time, we have arranged, at the lower part of each
plate, a small horizontal friction roller n' supported by a vertical pivot n8. This
friction roller will roll in a groove provided for this purpose in the plate N¹
between the straight rib n³ and the oblique ribs n n¹. The support n³ of the
pivot n³ is provided with a circular screw-threaded hole which forms a nut upon a
horizontal screw threaded shaft N2, traversing the machine end to end and
terminating in a fly crank or hand wheel n" at each of its ends. Finally the two
screw threads of this shaft are of equal pitch and in opposite directions and this
shaft carries washers n between the inner faces of the frame of the machine, so
that any displacement of the latter is avoided. It is thus evident that a number of
turns given to any of these cranks or hand wheels will displace each plate N¹ to an
equal extent. The result of this arrangement is, that when the rollers once have
been lifted to their maximum height, the four plates N¹ can be, at will, moved back
or forward to an exactly equal extent, by an equal number of crank-turns, executed
for each printing cylinder.
"
It is then possible to automatically obtain, what, to use the professional expression,
is termed "making the rollers that is to say, proceeding, before the machine is
started, to distribute the colour or ink upon these rollers. For this purpose, it is
necessary that at every turn of the printing cylinder, the rollers should bear against
the distributing table; that they should rise at the moment when the zinc arrives and
fall back immediately after the latter has passed. In order to attain this, the
cylinders A1 and A2 are, of course, first thrown out of gear with the central cylinder ;
subsequently the rollers are raised to their highest position, and the plates N¹ are
moved toward the printing cylinders in such a manner that, when the rollers are
then allowed to fall back, by raising the levers, the coupling sleeves of these rollers
fall back exactly upon the oblique outer rib of the plate N1, the rollers will then be
guided by this rib, and all that is necessary is that the rib should have the proper
shape in order to lift the rollers when the zinc passes and to lower them when the
table passes for obtaining the automatic inking.
It is, moreover, necessary to impart to the straight rib of the plate N¹ the same
shape, and if there be rollers which are motionless as regards lateral displacement,
the sleeves N of these rollers will fall precisely upon this straight rib, when the
wheels have been moved toward the printing cylinders. In this manner the
non-inking rollers will, on their part, be so guided by the wheels as to rise when
the zinc passes and to descend when the table passes. The inking thus is done
automatically in all cases.
It should be observed that a sleeve N is required upon each side of each mandril,
for, if it suffices to employ one such sleeve for ensuring the lateral displacement, two
will become necessary if they serve for lifting the rollers.
At each end of each printing cylinder a vertical lever P2 is provided, and a
mechanisin similar to that described; all that is necessary to lift the rollers of one
printing cylinder, is to turn one of these levers. In order to stop the machine,
provision must be made to abruptly and simultaneously lift all the rollers of both
cylinders. For this purpose we have contrived a special mechanism, by which this
can be effected automatically by the machine itself. We will describe the same
further on, simultaneously with the uncoupling mechanism for uncoupling the
machine, of which it forms part.

page_text: the water by the intermediary of a special thick roller, forming the water reservoir J²,
the pressure of, and the supply from which can be regulated simultaneously for this
purpose this special roller J2 has its shaft 2 supported by a bearing within a
slide fixed to an iron transverse bar 15 arranged at each side of the machine,
outside the crown M and placed against this crown. Each transverse bar is
traversed by a mandril je, supporting the friction rollers 7, while at the same time
forming a tie-band between the two transverse bars. The latter thus are tied by this
mandril, by the shaft 2 of the water supply roller J2, and likewise by one or several
iron rods, adapted to slide in the openings of the crown so that a rigid device is
formed. Owing to its weight this device will rest and, through the intermediary of
the roller J², will bear against the charging rollers J¹ of the damping rollers J. The
rollers of the lower mandril je, are on their part arranged on this mandril at such a
distance as to enable them to follow the path of the distributing rollers upon the
printing cylinders. The result thereof is that damping roller J2 will touch the
charging rollers, whenever the inking table passes underneath the rollers, and that,
on the contrary they will leave them whenever the zinc passes. Thus, this damping
roller J2 automatically supplies the damping rollers proper J with water during the
time when the latter are moved away from the printing roller. Its particular object
therefor is to feed the damping rollers proper.
The damping roller J2 is constructed as follows: it comprises a hollow shaft j² into
which water can be passed from a reservoir J³, placed against the frame H of the
machine and occupying a position higher than the damping roller. An india rubber
tube starting from this reservoir and provided with a cock 10 conveys the water in
adjustable quantity, into this hollow shaft, to which it is connected by a water tight
joint j Around this shaft 2 an iron cylinder 12 forms a double jacket, in order
that this cylinder may not be filled with water, whereby its weight would be
uselessly increased. Around this first solid cylinder a second cylinder j¹s pierced
with a large number of small holes is fixed, and this latter is surrounded by a layer of
flannel j¹14.
Finally, the hollow shaft is pierced at each of its ends with holes 15 corresponding
to the annular space comprised between the solid cylinder and the perforated cylinder,
so that the water arriving from the reservoir spreads out in this space and evenly
moistens the flannel all over its surface.
In order to automatically adjust the pressure of this moistener, against the
charging rollers, the bearing 73 of its hollow shaft j2 rests upon a spring 16, placed
between it and the bottom of the slide j containing the same. This spiral spring has
the tendency of lifting the moisture or damping roller J2 and of preventing it from
touching the charging rollers J¹.
On the other hand, the bearing j³ is supported by a screw j17 passing through the
cap 18 of the slide which serves as a nut for the screw, and the latter is caused to
rise or descend, relatively to the slide, by the aid of a sinall hand wheel j¹ mounted
thereon. Thus, when the machine works at full speed the operator by applying a few
turns to this hand wheel, is enabled to vary the pressure of the automatic damping
roller J2 upon the charging rollers J', within the largest limits. It must even be
possible to raise this damping roller sufficiently high so as to prevent it from further
touching the charging rollers at all, in order to thus completely stop the damping
operation.
Finally, in order that this pressure may be very evenly adjusted all over the length
of the damping rollers, we have mounted on the screw 17 a bevel pinion 120 gearing
with another pinion 21 in a perpendicular plane thereto, mounted on its part on a
horizontal shaft, the two ends of which rest in the hubs or caps 1 of the slides
of the automatic damping roller. The result thereof is that one turn applied to the
crank at one side, also produces one turn of the crank on the other side and that
the pressure varies equally all over the length of the damping roller. In case where,
on the contrary, it is desired to produce an uneven pressure, the horizontal shaft will
be formed in two parts having their ends connected by a coupling sleeve 23. On

page_text: then uncoupling these two parts, the two cranks 1 become independent so that the
pressure of one side relatively to the other can be increased.
7. THE DOUBLE-INKING DEVICE.
This machine comprises two inking apparatus one for the cylinder A¹ and another
for the cylinder A2; they are placed beneath each of these cylinders, one at the right
and the other at the left of the machine (Figures 1, 9, 10, 11).
Each of these inking apparatus is, moreover, so constructed as to separate itself into
two equal and symmetrical parts so as to admit of a different ink or colour being printed
with each of its two constituent halves. Thus in case the inachine simultaneously
prints on tissue or paper of two widths one half of the machine is enabled to print in
red, for example, and the other half in blue. Moreover, in case non-continuous
designs are printed which are intended to be subsequently cut down to a length of,
say, 1.20 metres each, two other, different colours may also be applied to the other
inking apparatus so that consequently four colours may be simultaneously printed
upon the same tissue or the same paper.
To obtain this result we have adopted the known inking apparatus comprising a
knife blade subdivided into plates placed side by side, each of these plates being
adjustable iu position relatively to the body of the inking apparatus, in the ordinary
way, that is to say with two screws, one binding and the other releasing. This inking
apparatus consists of a tank or trough Q supported by corner irons q resting on a
transverse beam q¹ carried by a table q² mounted on brackets q3 fixed to the machine
frame H. Opposite this tank turns the cylindrical body Q1 of the inking apparatus.
The inking body Q¹ receives its movement from each of the secondary shafts U¹ U²
which, on their part, are driven by the main shaft T2, as described. For this purpose
the shaft Q of the inking body Q₁ carries a bevel wheel Q17 gearing with a bevel
wheel Q18 keyed on an inclined shaft Q1 carrying at its other end a bevel wheel Q20
gearing with a bevel wheel Q2 keyed on each of the shafts U¹ and U2.
Opposite the base of the tank Q a series of knife blades Q2 are arranged, which are
formed by plates placed side by side and being individually adjustable by the aid of
binding screws q₁ and releasing screws q³, as will be explained further on. These
blades Q2 are held in position by a flange qe fixed to the table q².
The binding and releasing screws q, 95, respectively, traverse the pieces q³ which
serve as supports for the tank; these pieces q¹ being carried by the table q2. Each
binding screw q has its nut located in the transverse piece q₁ and simply abuts
against the corresponding knife blades QQ2. The releasing or return screw 95 freely
traverses the piece q¹ and has its nut located in the corresponding blade Q2. Thus,
each knife blade can be regulated independently of the others, so that any kind
of design may be drawn, no matter, how unevenly it may be distributed over the
zinc.
The transverse piece q¹ is formed of two equal parts (as represented in Figure 10*).
Each of these halves is traversed by pedestals 928 traversing on their part the
table q2. Binding screws 22 and releasing on their return screws 930 traverse the
flange of the table, enabling the position of each of the halves of this transverse
piece to be separately adjusted analogous to the method explained with regard to
the blades Q². Thus each half of the inking apparatus will be individually
adjustable to two widths; the respective position of the different blades Q2 being
fixed beforehand for each half.
The halves of the transverse pieces q¹ are each provided with a longitudinal
groove q3 into which a rigid bar can be so inserted as to firmly connect these two
halves in case where printing in one single width is required. The adjustment
then is effected in the same way as if the transverse piece 91 consisted of one
single bar.
Analogous to ordinary machines, a disengaging movement by means of a clutch-.
coupling Q3 admits of the body of the inking apparatus being engaged and
disengaged at will, while the machine is at work, and independently of its
motion.

page_text: When, for one reason or other, the machine is required to he moved backwards, it
is necessary that the inking apparatus be thrown out of engagement, and it often
happens that the operator forgets this, in which case the ink or colour drops into the
machine. Now in order to obtain this disengagement automatically, we have
provided the following arrangement:
Upon the shaft of the inking apparatus and rearwardly to the gearing which
transmits the movement thereto, a ratchet wheel q' is arranged. A flexible steel
bláde q³, acting as a pawl and being on its part supported by a bent lever q' turning
on a pivot q10, screwed into the frame of the inking apparatus, bears against the
teeth of this wheel q. As long as the machine turns forward, the pawl q8 allows the
teeth to pass without moving out of place; on the contrary as the machine turns
backward the pawl q8 is wedged up in the recess or clearing one of these teeth and is
compelled to fold up under recoil action. The lever q then oscillates around its
pivot, and this oscillating movement is utilized for uncoupling the clutch coupling Q³,
placed between the body of the inking apparatus Q¹ and the driving pinion Q10 of the
latter. As this disengagement is thus effected automatically, the body of the inking
apparatus will no longer turn, and all the other parts of the inking apparatus will be
likewise rendered notionless, until all of them again receive their movement from
the shaft Q of the body of the inking apparatus, as will be explained
further on.
The ink in conveyed from the cylinder or body of the inking apparatus Q1 to the
table of each printing cylinder A¹ A2 by the intermediary of one or several taking
off or receiving rollers Q5, according as the printing is done in one or several widths.
For adjusting the movement of the taking-off roller or rollers, we have arranged the
following device.
The taking-off roller or rollers Q³ are supported by a series of vertical forks q12
which are to be lifted automatically at the moment, when the inking table passes
over them. For this purpose the mandrils q13 of the taking-off rollers Q5 traverse
bearings q contained in recesses provided therefor at the upper part of each fork q¹².
In order to prevent abrupt concussions, spiral springs q15 are placed between the
lower part of the bearings and the bottom of these recesses. Each fork is closed by
a cap q hearing against the top surface of each bearing, while at the same time
enabling the position of the mandril as well as the compression of the spring to be
adjusted. In this manner, the taking-off rollers bear against the table with a suitable
elasticity. In order that the forks may be lifted vertically to the extent of the
distance comprised between the upper generatric of the inking apparatus Q¹ and the
contact generatric of the inking table a³ of each printing cylinder, these forks are
guided vertically in two guides q", held in position against the vertical supports or
posts of the lower part of the machine frame H, and they carry at their lower part in
a fork shaped frame a friction roller q18 which rolls upon another friction roller q19 mounted
on the extremity of a lever q20 which pivots about a fixed point q2 and carries at its
other end another friction roller q22 which bears against a cam 923 mounted on a
shaft Q, which carries a wheel Q7 connected through the intermediary of gearings Q
and Q to the wheel Q10 mounted on the shaft Q4 of the body of the inking
apparatus Q. These cams 923 thus are actuated by the before mentioned gearings
which latter receive their movement from the shaft of the body of the inking
apparatus Q, and they are so arranged as to lift the forks q12 at the moment when
the inking table arrives opposite the taking-off rollers Q5, and as to lower them as
soon as this table has passed. The amount of ink taken is adjusted by leaving the
taking-off rollers Q for a shorter or longer time in contact with the body of the
inking apparatus Q1, so that they become more or less charged with ink previous to
their distributing the latter upon the inking table a³. For this purpose the forks q¹²
are maintained two by two by tie-bands Q1, and each of these tie-bands carries
toward its extremities a friction roller q 24. These friction rollers rest upon cam-
sleeves Q12 mounted on the shaft Q13, likewise receiving a rotary movement by the
intermediary of the toothed wheel Q forming part of the train or block of gearings
above indicated. In order that the friction rollers q may be displaced along the

page_text: The paper or the tissue X to be printed upon is, as has been seen, wound around a
wooden roll B mounted by cast metal corner pieces or brackets on an iron mandril 610,
for the case of one single width; and around two similar rolls in the case of two widths.
These rolls are supported by cast metals legs h³ placed in front the columns H¹ of the
main frame of the machine (Figure 1). Above these rolls a small movable
platform is arranged upon which the printers take their stand is order to engage
the points.
An operator is stationed behind the platform but level with the ground and stand-
ing within reach of the lever actuating the guide forks which admit of the rolls being
laterally displaced upon their mandrils, so as to ensure the proper guiding of the
tissue or of the paper. This operator has, moreover, to separately regulate the tension
of each roll of tissue or paper. For this purpose the said rolls are provided with a very
simple brake, consisting of a flat thong 6 wound around a portion of each roll and
having one of its ends fastened to a spiral spring 612, fixed on its part onto the
support h³ of the roll. The other end of this thong is fastened to a grooved pulley 613,
mounted on a shaft 615 traversing this support. A large lever 614; placed vertically
and extending outwards of this support is keyed on this shaft 615, so that when the
operator pulls this lever towards him by turning it toward the ground, he carries
along the grooved pulley which pulls the thong which latter increases the tension of
the spring and, consequently, the friction of this thong upon said winding roll.
Thus the tension of the tissue or of the paper, which is dependent upon this friction,
will be adjusted by the position of this lever. A simple and sufficient means will
be to displace the lever opposite an iron sector 610 fixed against the support h³ of the
roll. Such friction thong is, of course, arranged at the end of each roll, which in the
case of printing in two widths, will amount to four thongs, four grooved pulleys, four
spiral springs and two adjusting levers.
If now,
the design to be printed comprises more than one ink or colour, the tissue
or the paper will on starting the second colour, be maculated that is to say that each
winding thereof will be separated from the following by a winding of discharge paper.
This latter may be of a very thin parchment paper, so that when after extensive use,
it has become over charged with colour applying thereto, it may be washed for
instance by means of benzine.
Now, when our printing machine is started the tissue or the paper will be moved by
the pressure produced by the cylinders A¹ A2 applying themselves against the
cylinder A, and the roll which supports the paper or tissue will be carried along by
this movement and become automatically unwound; but the roll receiving the
inserted maculating paper, becomes unwound at the same time, and must be wound up
again in order to be re-tightened. It therefore must be wound around a roll which is

page_text: to be driven and the speed of which must be variable, since, while in motion, it
increases in diameter in proportion as the thickness of the wound up paper increases.
Its angular speed therefore must be constantly retarded, in order that its
circumferential speed may remain constant.
To attain this result, the following special device has been adopted:
The mandril 10x of this demaculating roll B2 freely rests upon a horizontal cast
metal transverse bar ho so as to lie beneath the tissue paper winding rolls, and upon
this mandril, at the left hand side of the machine a wooden cone R is mounted which
is provided with grooves r, in which a very solid gut cord r¹ can be placed and thus
form a driving belt for moving this cone.
On the other hand a similar cone R¹, inclined in the opposite direction, is placed
below the former, in a pit, arranged in the floor for this purpose.
This lower cone R¹ is rigidly keyed on a small horizontal shaft 72 parallel to the
axis of the mandril of the maculating roll B²; this shaft is supported by two sinall
bearing frames 3 resting on the basement, and derives its movement from the
pressure cylinder A (Figure 1).
For this purpose a bevel pinion as is mounted on the end of the shaft of the
cylinder A and gears with another bevel pinion a mounted on a small vertical
shaft a¹0 descending toward the floor and resting in a socket a¹¹, placed in the
basement floor. Two other bevel pinions a12, a¹³ transmit the movement to the base
of the pit hollowed out for this purpose, and supported, at distances apart, by small
bearing blocks a15 resting in this pit; a bevel pinion a¹ is keyed on this horizontal
shaft, and another on the shaft of the lower cone which is thus set in motion at
the same time as the printing machine is worked. It will be understood that, when
the machine is started, the maculation-winding-roll, through the intermediary of the
gut cord ¹, stretched in the grooves of the cones R R¹, will be driven at a speed
which is dependent upon all these gearings. The latter are so calculated that, at
the start, the circumferential speed of the maculation-paper winding roll B² be
exactly equal to that for unwinding this paper. Subsequently, in proportion as this
winding roll B2 increases in diameter this speed is retarded by causing the small
driving belt to pass from one groove of a cone into the following. These grooves
must be so calculated as to constantly retard this winding movement and so, that,
when the small driving belt arrives in the last groove, the winding movement of the
whole roll is finished.
To effect the displacement of this driving belt automatically, the following apparatus
may be employed:
The conducting portion of this cord r¹ passes in the large fork r serving to
maintain and to guide the cord in question. The fork is mounted movably under
very slight friction in a large iron rod, supported in a horizontal guide 7, held at
a certain height in the pit by means of perpendicular bars 8 receiving their points of
support from the masonry walls of this pit. On displacing in this guide, the horizontal
rod which supports the fork 75, the latter is easily carried along. The fork 75 thus
causes the driving belt to pass from one groove into the other, and as the same is
mounted under slight friction in the rod, it is nevertheless enabled to oscillate
about the axis of the rod, in order to follow the inclination of the belt which changes
for each groove. There remains that this rod be automatically driven. For this
purpose we have fastened to its other end a strong cord, passing over small grooved
pulleys 10 11 12 so that this cord arrives from the horizontal into a vertical position.
The other end of this cord is connected to a bar 13 carrying a side roller 14, and
is subjected to the action of a weight 15 which is adapted to descend in a small pit
provided for this purpose in the bottom of the main pit.
This weight pulling the cord, at once tends to return the fork rearward, it is
therefore necessary that the weight be only allowed to descend gradually in proportion
of the winding movement of the roll B².
For this purpose the friction roller r1 rests upon a special wheel R2, the periphery
of which is forined by a row of sectors or steps, the radius of which diminishes con-
stantly. To impart a clear idea, we will suppose, that there are 10 grooves in the

page_text: speed-cones R R¹; this wheel R² will be divided into ten sectors of equal angles at
the centre and for each sector, the radius of the wheel will diminish precisely to such
an extent as the driving belt is to be displaced, that is to say, to the extent of the
thickness itself of one groove. This wheel R is driven by the shaft r2 through the
intermediary of a bevel wheel 18 mounted on the end of the said shaft, the wheel 10
gearing with another bevel wheel 17 mounted on a shaft 18 turning in a socket 7-19
and carrying an endless screw 720 gearing with a worm wheel 21, keyed on the shaft. 7-22
of the wheel R².
This transmission considerably retards the speed of this wheel R2 and at the end
of a certain time interval, when this wheel has completed a fraction of one revolution
corresponding to one of its sectors, the friction roller 14 descends upon the following
sector, under the driving effect of the weight 15, and draws the cord of the fork ³
precisely to the extent of the difference of the height of the two sectors, that is to
say to the extent of the thickness or width itself of a cone-groove. The cord rl will
thus pass into the following groove, and so forth so that, each time, the speed of the
maculating roll becomes farther retarded. With such arrangement speed of the
wheel R2 can be sufficiently retarded and all that is necessary is to so calculate
the dimensions of this wheel and of these gearings that, when the wheel R2 will have
made one complete revolution and when the stretching weight has descended to the
end of its path the winding operation of the roll is entirely finished.
On the proceeding to the winding of another roll of paper or of tissue, the tensional
weight 15 is again lifted by hand into its first position and the wheel R2 is returned
to its initial position.
For this purpose any one of the gearings driving this wheel is adapted to be easily
thrown out of gear, for, the ratchet wheel can not be turned back without the cylinder A,
with which it is connected, being likewise turned back and consequently the whole
printing machine therewith. For this purpose any device may be employed by
which any one suitable gearing wheel is enabled to be operated in one direction
only.
We would, finally, observe that this same system would be applicable for smooth
cones instead of grooved cones and we also claim it application to smooth cones, if
such be actually employed, in this case the cord r¹ is to be displaced thereon in a
constant manner, and all that is necessary will be to substitute for the wheel R2 with
sectors or steps, a wheel of spiral shape. In this case the weight will descend
constantly or uniformly instead of descending in jerks and will likewise pull the cord
of the fork in a constant manner.
The toothed face of the wheel R2 will become a spiral and will also be so calculated
that after a complete turn executed by this wheel, the driving belt has executed its
total displacement upon the cones.
66
For
9. AUTOMATIC MACULATION AND RECEPTION OF THE PRINTED TISSUE OR PAPER.
The printed tissue or paper is wound upon a roll in proportion as it leaves the
machine, and as it is charged with fresh ink or colour, it must be maculated.
this purpose a discharge-paper "roll B³ placed below the receiving roller B₁ of this
paper or this tissue supplies the necessary maculating paper and is unwound by being
automatically drawn off. It should be observed that, in order to drive this receiving
roller, its circumferential speed must be constantly equal to that of the tissue or
paper, whilst its angular speed must gradually diminish in proportion as the roll
increases in bulk by the winding. The receiving roll B¹ is driven by the aid of a
friction pulley 8 receiving its movement from a driving belt s¹ which on its part
receives its movement froin a lower pulley 82, driven by the horizontal under ground
shaft a through the intermediary of a bevel wheel a gearing with another bevel
wheel 83 keyed on a horizontal shaft & carrying the pulley 82. The friction pulley &
turns loosely on a shaft 85 terminating in a screw threaded part and carried by an
auxiliary frame H2 of the machine the support for the receiving roll. On this shaft a
toothed cylindrical wheel 8" is mounted, gearing with another toothed cylindrical
c

page_text: pinion 87 mounted on the mandril 17 of the receiving roll B¹. A spring 88 compressed
between the pulley 8 and a hand wheels forming a nut on the screw threaded
horizontal shaft & admits of the pressure of this pulley against the toothed wheel 86
being adjusted and thus the actuating movement being regulated.
The toothed pinion 87 is provided with a hub 810 forming a lateral projection and
carrying a binding screw &¹¹, by which the pinion 87 can be easily rendered removable,
so that it is only necessary to loosen the screw 811 in order to remove the pinion s';
after then having changed the roll B¹, the pinion is placed on the mandril of the
following roll and so forth.
On more or less screwing the hand wheel s upon the screw threaded part of the
shaft 8 of the pulley 8, the pressure of the spring upon the friction pulley is either
increased or reduced.
On the other hand, on printing upon very light tissues, it may happen that, owing
to the pressure the ink or colour traverses them and is thus deposited upon the
doubler. In case of one and the same design and one and the same colour this would
practically have no inconvenience whatever, because the colour becomes applied to
the back of the tissue in exactly the same place as it applies itself to the face; but
this is no longer the case, when the design or the colour is changed. Moreover in
case where the unevenness in the width of the tissue would cause the design to settle
upon the right or the left edge of the tissue, the colour would soil the doubler. In
order to avoid this inconvenience we let maculating paper pass between the doubler
and the tissue all along their extent as they jointly pass the machine. For this
purpose a discharge-paper roll B is placed at the bottom of the machine against the
upright beam h6 of the frame H¹ and its mandril c¹s is slightly supported by the
friction of the screw c¹s traversing its bearing in order to impart to this maculating
paper the requisite tension. The maculating paper subsequently rises almost
vertically in order to interpose itself between the tissue and the doubler and
previously passes between the rollers C3 C4 C5 C (Figure 1). Before its arriving
at the top roller C³, the maculating paper thus passes over three driving
rollers C4 C5 C6 turning in direction of the paper and at the same speed as the latter,
owing to the pinions c¹ co co of these rollers which gear with the pinion c³ of the
roller C³, the object being to more securely prevent the paper from being creased or
crushed.
The maculating paper carried along by the pressure, between the doubler and the
tissue, passes together therewith through the whole machine and leaves them at the
same time at which they become separated upon the roller C³. The maculating paper
then redescends almost vertically in order to wind itself upon another roll B5, arranged
opposite the former B, against the auxiliary frame H2, and this roll B5 is driven by
a system of transmission cones, absolutely similar to that which drives the
maculating paper for unwinding the maculated tissues or papers and which is marked
in the drawing with exactly the same letters as that already described.
These cones likewise derive their movement from a pair of bevel gear pinions
arranged on the horizontal underground shaft a¹. Their rates of speed and their
dimensions must be identical with those of the demaculating cones.
Of course in the case where paper or tissues of entirely uniform width and not
subject to being traversed by the colour, are printed upon, this supplementary
maculating paper is not used.
10. AUTOMATIC DISENGAGEMENT AND LIFTING OF THE ROLLERS.
In order to stop this machine, three operations are required, or rather three periods
are to be observed in executing these operations:
1. The disengagement or uncoupling proper, that is to say, passing the driving
belt from the fast pulley on to the loose pulley.
2. The lifting of the roller of each printing cylinder which operation has to be
effected at the same time when the machine ceases to rotate and simultaneously with
egard to both these cylinders;

page_text: 3. The braking.
On the contrary, in order to start the machine it is necessary:
1. To engage, that is to say to pass the driving belt from the loose pulley on to the
fast pulley, while simultaneously releasing the brake;
2. To lower the rollers of the cylinder A¹;
3. To lower the rollers of the cylinder A².
In order that these different operations may be effected easily and with precision
we have contrived the following inechanism which renders them automatic.
The driving action is transmitted in the ordinary way by loose and fast pulleys,
but the loose pulley T is slightly wider than the fast T¹, so that when the driving belt
passes over the fast pulley for engaging the machine, it still acts upon this loose
pulley, and against this loose pulley a toothed wheel t is keyed which consequently
turns constantly, whether the machine be operating or not. This wheel t gears with
a pinion t¹ mounted on a small horizontal shaft 2 supported by suitable bearing
frames t, arranged a few centimetres below the ground and parallel to the driving
shaft T2 of the machine.
This shaft 2 carries a bevel pinion gearing with the bevel pinion to keyed on the
shaft to resting in a socket 7 placed in a small pit, and held in position at its upper
part by a bearing 18 supported by a bearing block to. To the top of this shaft a small
bevel gear pinion 10 is mounted and constantly turns therewith, whether the printing
machine be working or at rest.
On the other hand, two bevel pinions 11, 12, perpendicular therewith, and loosely
mounted on a horizontal shaft 13, likewise parallel to the driving shaft, are in
constant gear, one to the right and the other to the left of the pinion (10, and
consequently turn constantly but one in opposite direction to the other. Behind
each of these pinions 11, 12 a coupling cone 14 15 is placed which is rigidly connected
to each of the pinions and consequently runs loosely upon the shaft t13.
cone 1 15 is adapted to fit into a coupling sleeve t¹ 17 arranged at a small distance
opposite thereto, but sliding on the shaft 13 along a cotter (18 £10
Each
From this arrangement it follows that when the left hand sleeve t¹0 is moved
toward the pinion t", it will engage with the cone 4 of the latter pinion, and, owing
to the friction, will turn the shaft t3, which was not so far moving, in a certain
direction. On moving the sleeve back, the shaft 13 will stop. If on the contrary
the sleeve t be moved toward the cone of the pinion 12, the shaft 18 will start
turning in the inverse direction.
On the other hand, each of these sleeves t¹0 17 is cast in one piece with a large
bed plate or disc t20 121, presenting near its edge a small projection 122 123, and the
vertical shaft to carries below its pinion 10 a very large disc (24 loosely mounted
thereon and of such diameter that, when either the sleeve t¹ or the sleeve t¹ is
moved toward the corresponding pinion, this disc 2 will touch and force back the
projection of the disc t20 or the disc t21. We can thus consider three different
positions in this mechanism.
1. The sleeves 16 17 are equally distant from the pinions 1 and 12; none of them
is engaged, the shaft t¹³ is motionless and the disc 2 does not come into contact
with either of the discs t20 and 21.
•
2. The sleeve t is moved toward t until the driving movement takes place.
The pinion 1 rigid with 14 which on its part, always turns, carries round the
sleeve t and the plate or disc t20 which thus start turning in a certain direction,
but at the completion of one turn, the projection 22 of the dise (20 meets the disc 121
which can not recoil, consequently the disc t20 recoils and carries with it the
sleeve 16, that is to say becomes automatically uncoupled.
3. The sleeve 17 is moved toward t15; the movement then takes place in the
opposite direction; and the same operation is effected. Thus, the shaft t¹s will be
rotated to the extent of one revolution in one direction or the other, according as
one or the other of the sleeves 16 17 is coupled.
For obtaining these three positions, each disc t20 and 21 is comprised between two
friction rollers (25 126 held at the end of a large horizontal double fork T3; this fork is

page_text: rigid with a large horizontal lever T4 held at the desired height by means of two iron
supports T5 T. This lever will oscillate about an axle T7 supported by the first
support T5, and its other end slides under slight friction upon an iron sector Ts carried
by the second support. This iron sector is provided with three notches with which
the lever is adapted to engage, in the case of the central notch (position No. 1) the
lever and the fork will be in the axle of the mechanism, none of the coupling sleeves
will be engaged, the shaft t¹³ will be motionless. Or passing, however, the lever into
one or the other of the side notches, one or the other of the sleeves t16 17 is coupled, the
shaft t¹³ executes one turn in one direction or the other, and at the end of this turn
the corresponding projection 22 23 forces back, the fork T3 and thus passes the
lever Tinto its medium position.
On the shaft t¹³ a grooved pulley T is mounted, to which a cord or small chain T10
is fastened which passes over another grooved pulley T over which it is likewise
wound and fastened thereto by its other end. On the shaft of the pulley T¹¹ a double
pulley T12 is mounted, to one of the grooves of which another cord T13 is fastened, the
free end of which is fixed to the support T14 of a fork T5, in which passes the driving
belt of the machine, and this support is adapted to slide in a horizontal guide To
under slight friction. The cord Ti³ extends beyond the support T and its other end
is fixed to one of the grooves of another double pulley T keyed on a shaft T22. An
endless belt T23 passes over the other groove of each double pulley T12 and T¹³. The
diameter of the pulley T is such that when the shaft t13 upon which this pulley is
fixed, has completed one full turn, the cord T10 fixed to this pulley and consequently
the driving belt T23, the pulleys T12 T17, the cord T13 carrying along the fork T15, will
have advanced just to the extent required in order to cause the driving belt to pass
from the loose pulley on to the fast pulley. Thus, by passing the lever into one of
its extreme positions, the position 1, the machine is thrown into gear and thus
automatically started, and continues to turn since the lever T has automatically
returned to the position O, in which it no longer executes any action.
On the other hand, upon this same shaft t¹s there is mounted sideways of the
pulley To another pulley T18, to which likewise a strong cord T¹ is fixed, this cord
makes two or three turns upon a grooved pulley T20 of very large diameter, arranged
on the driving shaft of the machine, and terininates in a large weight T2 adapted to
descend in a small pit provided for this purpose. This cord forms, when the
weight T is suspended, a brake acting on the pulley T20 and consequently on the
whole machine. When this weight T2 is made sufficiently heavy, when further
the diameter of T20 is sufficiently large and when the cord T1 receives a sufficient
number of turns around T20, one obtains a very powerful brake capable of stopping the
machine almost instantaneously. On passing the lever T4, into the position 1, the
shaft ¹³, will execute one turn which unwinds the cord from the pulley T18.
The weight then freely descends until it bears against the basement floor. It
consequently ceases to act, the brake becomes released and the machine, thrown into
gear as above described is enabled to start. On the contrary, when the lever Tis
passed into the position 2, the shaft t¹³, executed one turn in the opposite direction.
The double pulleys T12 T17, respectively connected by the driving belt T23, turn in
the inverse direction, carrying along with them the cord Ts and consequently the
fork T, which then passes the driving belt from the fast pulley on to the loose. At
the same time the cord T19 winds itself around T18 and, in passing over the pulley T20,
lifts the weight T21 which exerts a pressure upon the said pulley T20, so as to brake
the same, the machine is thus stopped and remains stopped because the lever T4 has
returned to the position O, and the shaft T13 has again become motionless.
Thus, by the simple operation of displacing this lever T4 in one direction
or the other, the machine is either thrown into or out of gear, without the least
effort.
There now remains to automatically obtain with this mechanism the lifting of
the roller at the moment of stopping the machine. To achieve this object, a double
cam P³ adapted to act upon two horizontal levers P is mounted on the shaft (13
(Figures 2, 6, 7, 8) extending closely up to the printing cylinders; the said levers

page_text: being adapted to slide, each, in a guide P5 supported at the desired height above the
driving shaft T2 of the machine. A turn of the shaft t¹ causes these two cams to turn
and the latter in so doing, push the levers P+, one to the right and the other to the left.
By this movement, each of these levers compresses a small spiral spring P6, placed
between the end of this lever and one of the supports P7 of the guide. Upon another
side each of these levers presents a projection P8, which, when the lever P₁ is repelled
by its corresponding cam P³, lifts its roller p8, the axis of which is supported by one
of the forks of the vertical connecting rod p of the roller-"arcature," as has been
above described. On passing the lever T4 into the position 2, in order to stop the
machine, the shaft t¹³ executes a turn which causes the double cam P³ to be carried
along. The latter which is adapted to only act during the second half-turn of £13
then repels the small friction rollers Po, arranged at the end of the levers P+. These
levers are separated toward the right and left to the desired extent, in order to
completely pass their projection Ps under the rollers p8 of the connecting rods pt of
the "arcatures," and the rollers J K Lare thus automatically lifted at the precise
moment when the machine completely stops. Moreover the hand levers P2 which
serve for lifting by hand, have, on their part descended to the right and left, and the
roller of the machine remain lifted, even when the machine is again started. In fact,
for starting the machine 13 executes a turn in the opposite direction, the cams P³
at 13 return to their initial position and the springs po repel the levers P4 into their
primary positions, the projections P8 abandon their friction rollers; but, nevertheless,
the rollers J K L remain lifted because the hand levers p² have been turned down
toward the ground and the cams po which they actuate maintain the rollers lifted by
acting upon the friction rollers p7 of the connecting rods p₁. It is therefore
necessary to gradually lift the left hand lever P2, in order to lower those of the
cylinder A2, and this can be done, as the levers P4 have already previously returned to
their place. This arrangement is necessary in order that in the case of the colour
being distributed previous to the printing, the machine may admit of its being
turned, while yet leaving the rollers in the lifted position; in this case, the hand
levers are left turned down, and the machine turns with all its rollers lifted up.
Having thus described our invention and the means enabling the same to be
carried into practice we wish it understood that we do not limit ourselves to the
constructional forms and details above indicated.
It should be also understood that the diameter of the pressure cylinder need not
necessarily be equal to that of the printing cylinders; this diameter of the pressure
cylinder may be of any size, either larger or smaller than that of the printing
cylinders, provided that the respective zinc mountings upon the printing cylinders
are so arranged that the passage of one of the zincs be delayed relatively to that of
the other to an extent corresponding to the length of an arc equal to the length of
the semi-circumference of the pressure cylinder.
1
n
n°
One may also employ more than two printing cylinders by suitably grouping them
around the pressure cylinder. Supposing the existence of n printing cylinders, each
of them would have a zinc in length equal to and a table in length equal to n-→
Each of them would be provided with a set of damping rollers, distributing rollers and
inking rollers and with an inking apparatus constructed according to the description.
One may thus successively print in n different colours in case of printing in one
single width, and in 2n colours in case of printing in two widths.
We also reserve the right of applying our machine for the obtainment of impressions
of all kinds: typography, copper-plate printing, engraving and so forth. All that
is necessary for this purpose is to substitute in the case of typography, for example
for the zincs: the typographic forms containing the blocks, and to fit these into
the printing cylinders, the diameter of which would have to be reduced.
We may modify at will, any of the secondary constructional details of our
machine, seeing that such modifications of detail parts, leave the principle intact, in
which our metallographic machine is based,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A rotary continuous metallographic machine for printing in one or several
colours on any paper or tissue, its characteristic feature consisting in the combination
of two or more printing cylinders, each printing cylinder having a zinc or other
printing surface provided on one half or a fraction of its periphery, while the rest of
its periphery constitutes the colour or inking table, the said cylinder being furnished
with an appropriate set of damping, distributing and inking rollers, and with a
suitable mechanism for carrying along and guiding the paper or tissue on its passage
through the machine.
2. A rotary continuous metallographic machine for printing in one or several
colours on any paper or tissue, formed by the combination of two printing
cylinders of equal diameter, having each a zinc or other printing surface provided
upon one half of this periphery, while the other half constitutes the colour or inking
table of a set of damping, distributing and inking rollers, corresponding to each
cylinder; of a pressure cylinder situated between the printing cylinders, and having
its axis lying in the plane of the axes of these cylinders; of a doubler for guiding
the paper or tissue, provided with equidistant perforations upon its edges; of endless
chains with points serving to enter the holes of the doubler for the purpose of
carrying along and guiding the same, the said pressure cylinder being also provided
with points for guiding the doubler, when the latter abandons the pointed chains and
accompanies the paper or tissue on its passage between the printing cylinders and the
pressure cylinder, substantially as above described.
3. The device of movable points admitting of marking the junctions of any
number of colours printed on this paper or on this tissue; substantially as described
with reference to Figures 1, 3, 29, 30 and 31.
4. The method of mounting metallic, semi-cylindrical sheets, provided with the
design to be printed, on two equal and symmetrical printing cylinders, substantially
as described with reference to Figures 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 and 26.
5. The movable bearing mechanism for imparting a horizontal pressure to the
Printing cylinders, with a variable tension-spring, permitting of precisely and easily
adjusting the pressure of the metallic sheets against the paper or the tissue to be
printed upon and passing between the printing cylinder and the pressure cylinder;
substantially as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
6. The improved method of inking and of distributing the ink or colour upon
these semi-cylindrical sheets by the aid of plates provided with oblique and straight
ribs and of coupling sleeves; substantially as described with reference to Figures 2
and 5.
7. The automatic damping mechanism, its characteristic feature being the
arrangement of the cylindrical reservoir J2 so mounted as to admit of its being
displaced relatively to the damping rollers J, proper; substantially as above described
with reference to Figures 1, 15 and 16.
8. The inking apparatus constructed in two separate parts, permitting of
simultaneously printing one, two, three or four non-juxtaposed colours, upon the
same paper or upon the same tissue, and its method of automatic disengagement,
substantially as above described with reference to Figures 9, 10 and 11.
9. The mechanism for lifting the damping, distributing and inking rollers by the
aid of iron "arcatures" moved by cams and levers; substantially as described with
reference to Figures 4 and 5.
10. The mechanism for automatically demaculating and winding by the aid of
transmission cones and parts serving to automatically guide and displace the
driving belt which connects these cones, substantially as described with reference
to Figures 12, 13 and 14.
11. The automatic engaging and disengaging mechanism, operated by the motive
power itself and admitting at the same time of automatically and instantaneously

page_text: lifting all the rollers of the machine; the characteristic feature of this mechanism
consisting in the combination of the lever T* connected to the coupling sleeves t¹6 (17
and to the projection-dises (20 21 sliding on cotters of the shaft 13 with reversible
gearing 10 1415, the shaft 13 being connected on the one hand to the driving shaft T2
by a gearing mechanism, and on the other hand to a mechanism of pulleys and
cords producing the displacement of the fork T15 with the driving belt upon the
fast and loose pulleys; substantially as described with reference to Figures 6, 7 and 8.
12. The arrangement and combination of the whole apparatus and the various
constructional details, considered either in their respective combinations or
separately; substantially as described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.