IMPROVE- MENTS IN MORTICING MACHINES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Allen Ransome; of King's Road, Chelsea, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MORTICING MACHINES."-A communication from abroad by
John Richards, of Philadelphia City, in the United States of
America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Allen Ransome at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th September 1872.
I, ALLEN RANSOME, of King's Road, Chelsea, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MORTICING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of various improvements upon an Invention
for which Letters Patent were granted 15th June 1869, No. 1829, to
Martin Benson for an Invention of improvements in mortising machines,
communicated to him by John Richards, the Inventor of the present
improvements.

page_text: '
The first improvement relates to an improved mode of reversing the
position of the chisel. This is effected by means of a friction pulley in
combination with a spring stop rod, which by bearing against a stop or
cross bar on the under side of the pulley which is mounted on the chisel
shaft prevents the latter from turning round until the stop rod is drawn
down, when the pulley will immediately fly round half a revolution and
will then be again stopped by the stop rod. This will be found a much
more convenient arrangement than effecting a similar object by means
of a treadle.
The table on which the wood to be operated is placed is mounted on a
bracket, which is capable of being raised or lowered in vertical guides
connected to the framing, and is actuated by means of a treadle lever in
combination with a right and left handed screw, one end of which is
pivoted to the treadle and the opposite end to the rising and falling
bracket.
1
The bed is capable of adjustment on the bracket by means of a screw
shaft provided with a suitable handle, and the wood (which is held down
thereon by means of a clamp guide) may be moved forward under the
chisel by hand. The clamp guide is capable of being raised or lowered
in sockets or guides fixed on the table, and the wood is held down
thereby on its bed and is prevented from rising, but may be slidden
along by hand.
When heavy pieces of timber or articles which cannot be conveniently
moved by hand are to be operated upon the table may be moved by
mechanical means.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Allen Ransome in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 8th March 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALLEN
RANSOME, of King's Road, Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex, 8
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the

page_text: thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Allen Ransome, Her special licence
that I, the said Allen Ransome, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Allen Ransome, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MORTICING MACHINES," being a communication from abroad by
John Richards, of Philadelphia City, in the United States of America,
upon the condition (amongst others). that I, the said Allen Ransome,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Allen Ransome, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto
annexed; and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say) :-
-
This Invention consists in various improvements upon an Invention.
for which Letters Patent were granted Fifteenth June, One thousand
cight hundred and sixty-nine, No. 1829, to Martin Benson, for an
Invention of improvements in mortising machines, communicated to
him by John Richards the Inventor of the present improvements.
The first part of the Invention relates to an improved mode of
reversing the position of the chisel.
The Invention further relates to the table on which the wood to be
operated upon is placed, and also to the bed which is made adjustable
on a moveable bracket. These several improvements are shéwn in the
accompanying Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a front view, and Fig. 2 a
side view of a mortising machine constructed according to the present
Invention.

page_text: The chisel or cutting tool a is secured in the ordinary way in a holder
or shaft a', which is moved up and down by means of a connecting rod
and crank wheel 1 on the main shaft f, as indicated by dots in Figures 1
and 2. The chisel shaft a¹ is capable of turning round horizontally in
its bearings when it is desired to reverse its position, and moves freely
up and down through the friction pulley 6 which is held stationary and
prevented from rotating by means of the spring stop rod c, the upper
end of which is kept pressed up between stops on the under side of
the pulley b, and thereby prevents it from moving round, as will be
understood on reference to Fig. 3, which is a plan view of the pulley 6
detached from the machine.
When it is desired to reverse the position of the chisel a this object is
effected by drawing down the stop rod c by hand, so as to release the
pulley b which is prevented from turning by the upper end of the rod c
bearing against one of the stops or cross bars on the under side of the
pulley, as shewn in Fig. 3 and already described. A friction or driving
band or belt b' passes round the pulley over two back guide pulley d, d,
(shewn detached at Fig. 4) and round driving a pulley e, shewn by dots
in Fig. 2 on the main shaft below.
It will now be evident that although the band 6¹ may be driven by
the pulley e on, the main shaft ƒ it cannot communicate motion to the
pulley 6 while the spring stop rod c remains in the position shewn in
the Drawing, and the pulley 6 being mounted on the chisel shaft a' as
already explained the latter will be prevented from turning round until
the stop rod c is drawn down. In order therefore to reverse the position
of the chisel a it will only be necessary to draw down the stop rod c for
an instant, when the friction pulley b, being acted upon by the band ',
will immediately fly round half a revolution and will then be again
stopped by the stop rod c, thereby reversing the position of the chisel.
This will be found a much more convenient arrangement than effecting
a similar object by means of a treadle.
The table g (on which the wood to be operated upon is placed) is.
mounted on a bracket h which is capable of being raised or lowered in
vertical guides h¹ connected to the framing, and is actuated by means
of a treadle lever i in combination with a right and left handed screw ?,
one end of which is pivotted to the treadle and the opposite end to the
rising and falling bracket h.

page_text: The table g is capable of adjustment on the bracket h by means of a
screw shaft g' provided with a suitable handle, and the wood (which is
held down thereon by means of a clamp guide ;) may be moved forward
on the table g under the chisel by hand. The clamp guide j is capable
of being raised or lowered in sockets or guides fixed on the table, and
the wood is held down thereby on its bed and is prevented from rising,
but may be slidden along by hand.
When heavy pieces of timber or articles which cannot be conveniently
moved by hand are to be operated upon the table may be moved by.
mechanical means.
Having now described the Invention of improvements in morticing
machines, and having explained the manner of carrying the same into
effect, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, I claim, as
the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid, the mode
herein set forth of reversing the position of the chisel.
I also claim the arrangement of parts herein set forth for mounting
and operating the table or bed on which the wood is placed to be
operated upon.
In witness, I, the said Allen Ransome, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Eighth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.