Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Vehicles with Gas.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 7th May, 1894-Accepted, 11th Aug., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Vehicles with Gas.
I, JOSEPH HAUSENBLAS, of Augsburg in the Empire of Germany, Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention has for its object the automatic heating of vehicles, such as
railway carriages etc., and it consists of a combination of a gas stove having an air
circulation, a reservoir for compressed lighting gas with gas pressure reducing
devices, and of devices for regulating the temperature.
The invention is performed as follows. Referring to the drawings Fig. 1 represents
a railway car having the improved apparatus.
The gas reservoir B is provided with a convenient supply cock and pressure
gauge and is filled with highly compressed illuminating gas. Said gas passes
through the high pressure pipe H to the high pressure reducer D, and thence passes
under pressure fitted for combustion through the low pressure pipe N, the latter
passing through a heat regulator W and partially through the low pressure branch
pipe N', both of them conveying the gas directly to one or more stoves O. Said
stove is shown in Fig. 2 in vertical section in Fig. 3 in plan, in Fig. 4 in partial
vertical section and in Figs. 5 and 6 in two elevational views and contains a Bunsen
burner consisting of two concentric burner rings and two fuse or igniting flame
To the
burners arranged between the two rings of the Bunsen burner.
regulating cock of the Bunsen burner is connected the low pressure gas pipe N
and to the shut off cock a of the fuse flame burners is connected the branch
pipe N'.
The pilot or fuse flames are lit from outside through an opening in the wall of
the vehicle, said opening having two covers d, d'; the Bunsen burners are ignited
by the fuse flames on the regulating cock r being opened.
On the
Above the Bunsen burners a system of circulating jackets is provided.
air becoming hot over the burners, cold air is sucked up from the inner space of
the vehicle, this suction taking place from the bottom of the vehicle through the
jacket holes in the direction of the arrows 1 and 2. A portion of this sucked up
air following the direction indicated by the arrow 3 arrives over the Bunsen burner,
also in the directions 4, 5, 6, giving off a large percentage of its absorbed heat to
the jackets m', m², m³ and then leaves the stove at e, Fig. 4. Another portion of
the air entering at 1, 2, moves in the direction of the arrow 7 likewise toward the
exit opening e, during its passage absorbing heat from the jacket m³ and partially
giving off heat to the jacket m', the remainder of the air entering at 1, 2, passes in
the direction of the arrow 8 immediately toward the exit, absorbing in its course
heat from the jacket m* and partially delivering it to the jacket mo. Lastly the
heat of the jacket m³ however slight, still contributes towards heating the air
passing in direction of the arrow 9 between the jackets m³ and m³ toward the
exit e.
Consequently as long as the Bunsen burner is burning, a continuous
circulation of the air within the vehicle takes place, this air thus being heated
again and again. The air on leaving the stove does not exceed a certain degree of
temperature, which avoids setting fire to the vehicle.
Owing to the thorough circulation of the air, the warmth in the vehicle is
distributed uniformly. To prevent too intense warning, it is necessary that the
heating be periodically interrupted which is done in an automatic manner by means
of a heat regulator W inserted in the gas pipe N, the construction of which
regulator can be seen from Figs. 8 and 9 of the annexed drawing. In said heat
regulator a valve V is contained, by the aid of which the supply of gas to the

page_text: Bunsen burners is interrupted, as soon as the temperature has risen to a certain
degree. The expansion of a quantity of alcohol in a cylinder C causing the
membrane M to swell will produce a corresponding pressure upon the lever h h³.
As the lever bearing is adjustable by a set screw S, the valve V cau be regulated
for various degrees of expansion of the alcohol, that is to say to act under various
temperatures of the air surrounding the apparatus.
In order that the valve being closed, any excess of heat in the atmosphere such
as occurs in summer time independently from artificial heat may not exert an undue
influence upon the apparatus, the lever h, his constructed in two parts hinged
together as shown, the forward part h¹ being supported by means of a spring f
which is fixed to the other part h. This spring is sufficiently strong so as to support
and to close the valve V; if now the valve being closed, the lever continues
moving, said spring will yield so that expansion of the alcohol can take place
without hindrance and damage.
On the valve V being closed, the Bunsen burner is extinguished; the two
igniting or fuse flames zz of the gas stove will continue burning because they are
supplied with gas constantly and independently of the Bunsen burner supply, by the
pipe N¹, and because they receive continuously new atmospheric air from outside
by the air supply pipe ƒ Fig. 2.
Then after the decrease of the temperature within the vehicle, the valve V opens
again, the gas will again arrive at the Bunsen burner and become immediately
ignited by the two fuse flames, consequently the heating as well as its stoppage
takes place automatically.
As a rule, both burner rings of the Bunsen burners are only used when the
heating of the vehicle is begun; for continuing the heating usually the inner
Bunsen ring is sufficient. Shutting off the outer burner ring is effected by the
regulating cock r.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1). In an apparatus for heating vehicles by gas the combination of the following
devices or some of them.
2). The improved automatic regulator heating arrangement for use with high
pressure gas stored in reservoirs having pressure reducing regulators constructed
as herein described so that a gas stove having separate gas feeds, one for heating
and one for igniting purposes has its heating burners turned on aud off by a heat
regulating device for the purpose of obtaining and keeping up a certain degree of
temperature for a length of time without attendance.
3). The construction of a gas stove as above claimed, in which above the burner
a system of cylindrical jackets m', m³, m³, m', is arranged which allow the combusted
gas as well as the hot air to pass toward a convenient exit and in which a special
air feed pipe f is provided from outside so as to maintain the burning of the
ignition flames.
4). The construction of the heat regulating device described in Claim 2 consisting
of a movable membrane, affected by the expansion of a suitable liquid inside a
cylinder, the movement of which membrane is transferred to a valve by means of
a hinged lever consisting of two parts h, ' connected by a joint, kept straight one
with the other by means of springs, whereby the membrane is allowed to freely
move.
All substantially as described and illustrated and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 7th day of May 1894.
R. HADDAN,
Of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, Agent for Applicant,