Improvements in Lathes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 18th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 20th Feb., 1897
Improvements in Lathes.
I, ROBERT GRUNDY BROOKE, of Upton Grange, Macclesfield, in the County
of Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has reference to improvements in lathes, and has for objects to
enable a lathe to be stopped or reversed without stopping or reversing the belting
driving it; to cause the spindle and guide screw whether the former be driven
direct from the belt or through the back gear-to always move together and
maintain their exact relative rates of rotation; to provide for automatically
stopping the lathe at any given point in the movement of the carriage along the
lathe bed in either direction; and to enable it after being so stopped, to be put in
motion in either direction without the usual overhead arrangement of fast and loose
pulleys, crossed belts and other parts, thus effecting great simplification and saving
in the driving apparatus.
Referring to the appended illustrative drawings
Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively a side elevation and plan of part of a lathe
according to my invention;
Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively a cross section and plan to a larger scale of
mechanism for automatically holding and releasing the clutch lever used for
reversing and stopping the lathe spindle; Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the clutch
lever and springs attached thereto, and Fig. 6 is a similar view to Fig. 4 but with
the parts in a different position.
.
Figs. 7 to 10 inclusive are detail views of a trigger or catch, Figs. 7 and 8 being
respectively a side elevation and plan, and Figs. 9 and 10 being views of the right
and left hand ends thereof.
For starting, reversing and stopping the lathe spindle 1 without stopping the
belt driven cone pulley 2, there is provided between the lathe spindle and the belt
driven cone pulley 2, which is mounted to rotate freely thereon, reversing
mechanism controlled by a clutch lever. In the arrangement shown for this
purpose in Figs. 1 and 2, the cone pulley 2 carries a sleeve or extension 3 on which
is feathered, so as to rotate therewith, the movable part 4 of a clutch which is
adapted to be moved endways on the sleeve by means of a clutch lever 5 into gear
with either of two part clutches 4, 4, connected respectively to two bevel wheels 6
and 7 of which one, viz. 6, is loose on the sleeve 3, and the other 7 is loose on the
lathe spindle 1 and between which is a third bevel wheel 8 loose on a pin 9 carried
by a bracket 10. The bevel wheel 7 carries a spur wheel 11 for driving the spur
wheel 12 of the back gear; and also a plate or flange 13 whereby it can be
connected, when desired, as by a nut and bolt 14, to a collar or flange 15 fast on
the lathe spindle. The other spur wheel 12" of the back gear is adapted to be
brought into driving connection with a spur wheel 16 fixed on the forward portion
of the lathe spindle. As will be seen by the arrangement described assuming the
cone pulley 2 to be running, then if the movable part 4 of the clutch is moved
rearwards into gear with the part clutch 4, the lathe spindle will be driven from
the cone pulley in the same direction as that pulley, either directly through the
bevel and spur wheels 7 and 11 and plates 13 and 15 and bolt 14, or indirectly

page_text: through the wheels 7 and 11, back gear 12 and 12ª and spur wheel 16, the bolt 14
in this case being put out of gear; if the part clutch 4 be afterwards moved
forwards into gear with the part clutch 4, the motion of the cone pulley will be
transmitted through the intermediate bevel wheel 8 to the bevel wheel 7 and thence
to the lathe spindle the direction of motion of which will consequently be reversed;
and if the part clutch 4 be moved back into its mid-position the rotation of the
lathe spindle will be stopped, all without interfering in the least with the driving of
the cone pulley 2. The clutch lever 5 is carried by a rock shaft 17 mounted in the
bed 18 of the lathe and provided with a handle 19 (Fig. 1) by which the lever
can be moved in either direction from its mid-position for throwing the clutch
into gear.
The feed screw, not shown, for operating the carriage or slide rest of the lathe,
is driven from the rear end of the lathe spindle through change wheels in the
ordinary way, its motion changing in direction with that of the spindle but the two
always maintaining their relative rates of rotation.
In order that the clutch may become held in either of the operative positions
into which it may be moved and be automatically thrown out of action so as to
stop the rotation of the lathe spindle at any given point in the movement of the
carriage along the lathe bed in either direction, there are provided triggers or
catches adapted to hold the clutch lever in either of its displaced positions,
releasing gear arranged to be operated by the carriage and to put the triggers or
catches out of action; and means such as springs or weights for automatically
returning the released clutch lever to its mid position and so stopping the lathe
spindle. In the arrangement shown for this purpose in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, the
triggers or catches consist of two slides 20 arranged to work side by side in a
guide 21 which is formed with a slot 21 through which the clutch lever 5 extends.
The ends 20 of the slides are normally pressed against one side of the clutch lever
by springs 22 each of which is located between a lateral extension 20 of the
corresponding slide and the lathe bed 18 and surrounds a rod 23 that is fixed to the
slide. Each of the rods 23 extends through the front side of the lathe bed and
may be provided with a handle 23" (Fig. 3) to admit of the corresponding slide 20
being drawn from the clutch lever by hand when necessary. The clutch lever is
normally held in the mid or inoperative position by the action of two equal coiled
springs 24 connected to its lower end and to fixed points 24", as shown in Figs. 1
and 5, or by two equal weights 25 (Fig. 5) that may be connected to it by cords
passing over guide pulleys, or, as shown, be connected to a lever 26 fixed to the
shaft 17 to which the clutch lever is also fixed. With the arrangement described
if the clutch lever be moved in either direction from its mid position to put the
clutch in gear, one or other of the slides will be shot in an automatic manner,
behind it as shown for example in Fig. 6 and hold it and the clutch in the operative
position until the slide is withdrawn when it will be automatically returned to its
mid position by one or other of the springs 24 or weights 25.
To enable the carriage 27 (Fig. 1) to withdraw the slides and release the clutch
lever when it arrives at a predetermined position of its travel in either direction,
there is provided above the slides 20, a lever 28 that is pivoted in a cross piece 29
and is provided with pins 30 and with an operating lever 31 connected by a pin
and slot connection 32 to an endways movable rod 33 which is arranged at the front
of the lathe bed and is provided with adjustable stops 33 against which a part 27"
of the carriage 27 will alternately abut and so move the rod 33 endways. The
Inovement of the rod is transferred to the lever 28 and the pins 30, one or other of
which is caused to act on an adjacent projection 20° on the corresponding slide 20,
according to the direction in which the carriage is moving, and so withdraw the
slide from the clutch lever which is then automatically returned to its inid position
to stop the lathe spindle. Either of the triggers can at any time be pulled out of
gear by hand by actuating the lever 31 or rod 33, or by pulling on the
corresponding handle 23" when this is provided. The lathe spindle is restarted
by hand.

page_text: It will be seen that when the lever 28 is in the central position shown in full
lines in Fig. 4, the clutch being out of gear, there is sufficient clearance between.
the projection 20° of each slide 20 and the pin 30 which actuates it, to enable the
slide to shoot forward should the clutch lever 5 be drawn over into either of its
operative positions by hand at some intermediate position of the carriage where
neither of the stops 33 on the rod 33 is being actuated by the carriage. This
clearance adds to the traverse that must be given to the rod 33 before the slide 20
that is in action can be drawn back and the clutch lever released. This may be
avoided by adopting the arrangement shown by Fig. 11 where, as will be seen, the
projecting parts 20% of the slides enter a recess in the adjacent side of the clutch
lever so that the necessary clearance will be made by the act of pulling over the
clutch lever. The pins 30 and the projections 20 of the slides are thereby
enabled to be normally in contact so that less motion will be necessary to pull the
trigger out of gear. This makes the stop action of the lathe by the carriage more
delicate.
I, ROBERT GRUNDY BROOKE, of Upton Grange, Macclesfield, in the County
of Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
My invention has reference to improvements in lathes, and has for objects to
enable a lathe to be stopped or reversed without stopping or reversing the belting
driving it; to cause the spindle and guide screw whether the former be driven
direct from the belt or through the back gear-to always move together and
maintain their exact relative rates of rotation; to provide for automatically
stopping the lathe at any given point in the movement of the carriage along the
lathe bed in either direction; and to enable it after being so stopped, to be put in
motion in either direction without the usual overhead arrangement of fast and
loose pulleys, crossed belts and other parts, thus effecting great simplification and
saving in the driving apparatus.
Referring to the illustrative drawings left with my Provisional Specification,
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a lathe according to my invention, and
Fig. 2 is a plan, partly in section, of the headstock end thereof.
Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively a cross section and plan to a larger scale than
Figs. 1 and 2 of mechanism for automatically holding and releasing the clutch
lever used for reversing and stopping the lathe spindle; Fig. 5 is a side elevation
of the clutch lever and springs attached thereto, and Fig. 6 is a similar view to
Fig. 4 but with the parts in a different position.
Figs. 7 to 10 inclusive are detail views of a trigger or catch, Figs. 7 and 8 being
respectively a side elevation and plan, and Figs. 9 and 10 being views of the right
and left hand ends thereof.
For starting, reversing and stopping the lathe spindle 1 without stopping the
belt driven cone pulley 2, there is provided between the lathe spindle and the belt
driven cone pulley 2, which is mounted to rotate freely on the spindle, reversing

page_text: mechanism controlled by a clutch lever. In the arrangement shown for this
purpose in Figs. 1 and 2, the cone pulley 2 carries a sleeve or extension 3 on which
is feathered, so as to rotate therewith, the movable part 4 of a clutch which is
adapted to be moved endways on the sleeve, by means of a clutch lever 5, into
gear with either of two part clutches 4°, 4b, connected respectively to two bevel
wheels 6 and 7 of which one, viz. 6, is loose on the sleeve 3, and the other 7 is loose
on the lathe spindle 1, and between which is a third bevel wheel 8 loose on a pin 9
carried by a bracket 10. The bevel wheel 7 carries a spur wheel 11 for driving
the spur wheel 12 of the back gear, and also a plate or flange 13 whereby it can be
connected, when desired, as by a nut and bolt 14, to a collar or flange 15 fast on
the lathe spindle. The other spur wheel 12 of the back gear is adapted to be
brought into driving connection with a spur wheel 16 fixed on the forward portion
of the lathe spindle. As will be seen, by the arrangement described, assuming the
cone pulley 2 to be running, then if the movable part 4 of the clutch is moved
rearwards into gear with the part clutch 4b, the lathe spindle will be driven from
the cone pulley in the same direction as that pulley, either directly through the
bevel and spur wheels 7 and 11 and plates 13 and 15 and bolt 14, or, indirectly
through the wheels 7 and 11, back gear 12 and 12" and spur wheel 16 in which
case the bolt 14 is put out of gear; if the part clutch 4 be afterwards moved
forwards into gear with the part clutch 4, the motion of the cone pulley will be
transmitted through the intermediate bevel wheel 8 to the bevel wheel 7 and
thence to the lathe spindle the direction of motion of which will consequently be
reversed; and if the part clutch 4 be moved back into its mid-position the rotation
of the lathe spindle will be stopped, all without interfering in the least with the
driving of the cone pulley 2. The clutch lever 5 is carried by a rock shaft 17
mounted in the bed 18 of the lathe and provided with a handle 19 (Fig. 1) by
which the lever can be moved in either direction from its mid-position for throwing
the clutch into gear.
The feed screw, not shown, for operating the carriage or slide rest of the lathe,
is driven from the rear end of the lathe spindle through change wheels in the
ordinary way, its motion changing in direction with that of the spindle, but the two
always maintaining their relative rates of rotation.
In order that the clutch may become held in either of the operative positions
into which it may be moved and be automatically thrown out of action, so as to
stop the rotation of the lathe spindle, at any given point in the movement of the
carriage along the lathe bed in either direction, there are provided triggers or
catches adapted to hold the clutch lever in either of its displaced positions,
releasing gear arranged to be operated by the carriage and adapted to put the
triggers or catches out of action; and means such as springs or weights for
automatically returning the released clutch lever to its mid position and so stop
the lathe spindle. In the arrangement shown for this purpose in Figs. 1 to.6
inclusive, the triggers or catches consist of two slides 20 arranged to work side by
side in a guide 21 which is formed with a slot 21 through which the clutch lever 5
extends. The ends 20% of the slides are normally pressed against one side of the
clutch lever by springs 22 each of which is located between a lateral extension 20
of the corresponding slide and the lathe bed 18 and surrounds a rod 23 which is
fixed to the slide. Each of the rods 23 extends through the front side of the lathe
bed and may be provided with a handle 23ª (Fig. 3) to admit of the corresponding
slide 20 being drawn from the clutch lever by hand when necessary. The clutch
lever is normally held in the mid or inoperative position by the action of two equal
coiled springs 24 connected to its lower end and to fixed points 24ª, as shown in
Figs. 1 and 5, or, by two equal weights 25 (Fig. 5) that may be connected to it by
cords passing over guide pulleys, or, as shown, be connected to a lever 26 fixed to
the shaft 17 to which the clutch lever is also fixed. With the arrangement
described if the clutch lever be moved in either direction from its mid position
to put the clutch in gear, one or other of the slides 20 will be shot in an
automatic maoner, behind it as shown for example in Fig. 6, so as to hold it and

page_text: the clutch in the operative position until the slide is withdrawn when it will be-
automatically returned to its mid position by one or other of the springs 24, or
weights 25.
To enable the carriage 27 (Fig. 1) to withdraw the slides and release the clutch.
lever when it arrives at a predetermined position of its travel in either direction,.
there is provided above the slides 20, a lever 28 that is pivoted in a cross piece 29.
and is provided with pins 30 and with an operating lever 31 connected by a pin
and slot connection 32 to an end ways movable roi 33 which is arranged at the
front of the lathe bed and is provided with adjustable stops 33 against which a.
part 27 of the carriage 27 will alternately abut and so move the rod 33 en lways..
The movement of the rod is transferred to the lever 28 and the pins 30, one or
other of which is caused to act on an adjacent projection 20 on the corresponding
slide 20, according to the direction in which the carriage is moving, and so
withdraw the slide from the clutch lever which is then automatically returned to
its mid position to stop the lathe spindle. Either of the triggers can at any time
be pulled out of gear by hand by actuating the lever 31 or rod 33, or by pulling
on the corresponding handle 23 when this is provided. The lathe spindle is
restarted by hand.
It will be seen that when the lever 28 is in the central position shown in full
lines in Fig. 4, the clutch being out of gear, there is sufficient clearance between
the projection 20° of each slide 20 and the pin 30 which actuates it, to enable the
slide to shoot forward should the clutch lever 5 be drawn over into either of its
operative positions by hand at some intermediate position of the carriage where
neither of the stops 33" on the rod 33 is being actuated by the carriage. This
clearance adds to the traverse that must be given to the rod 33 before the slide 20
that is in action can be drawn back and the clutch lever released. This may be
avoided by adopting the arrangement shown by Fig. 11 where, as will be seen, the
projecting parts 20% of the slides 20 enter a recess in the adjacent side of the clutch
lever 5 so that the necessary clearance will be made by the act of pulling over
the clutch lever. The pins 30 and the projections 20 of the slides are thereby
enabled to be normally in contact so that less motion will be necessary to pull the
trigger out of gear. This makes the stop action of the lathe by the carriage more.
delicate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is -
1. A lathe wherein there is arranged between the lathe spindle and a driving
pulley loose thereon, starting stopping and reversing mechanism comprising a part
clutch mounted to slide endways upon but to rotate with a sleeve carried by the
pulley and surrounding the spindle, two bevel wheels carrying part clutches
arranged one at each side of the endways movable part clutch, one of said bevel
wheels being loose on the sleeve and the other loose on the spindle but adapted to
be connected to and revolved therewith, and a clutch lever, the arrangement being
such that the spindle can be rotated in either direction, or have its direction of
rotation reversed, or be brought to rest without reversing or stopping the motion
of the pulley, substantially a as described.
2. In a lathe the combination with the clutch lever of starting, stopping and
reversing mechanism whereby the lathe spindle can be started stopped or reversed
without stopping or reversing the motion of the lathe pulley, of means such as.
triggers or catches adapted to hold the clutch lever in either of its displaced
positions, releasing gear arranged to be operated by the lathe carriage and to put
the triggers or catches out of action, and means such as springs or weights for
automatically returning the released clutch lever to its mid position and so
stopping the lathe spindle, the arrangement being such that the clutch may become
held in either of the operative positions into which it may be moved and be
automatically thrown out of action, so as to stop the rotation of the lathe spindle,

page_text: at any given point in the movement of the carriage along the lathe bed in either
direction.
3. The combination in a lathe with starting stopping and reversing mechanism
of the kind herein referred to, of a clutch lever normally held in its inoperative
position, spring actuated slides, one or other of which will be automatically caused
to hold said clutch lever when the same is moved into either of its operative
positions, and a pivoted releasing lever adapted to be moved by the lathe carriage
at the required time so as to withdraw the slide which is holding the clutch lever
and release such lever, substantially as described.
4. A lathe provided with starting stopping and reversing mechanism, constructed
arranged and operating as hereinbefore described with reference to and shown in
Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings referred to.
5. In a lathe provided with starting stopping and reversing mechanism controlled
by a clutch lever, mechanism constructed arranged and operating as herein before
described with reference to and shown in the drawings referred to for automatically
engaging and releasing the clutch lever as set forth.
6. A lathe having driving and controlling mechanism constructed arranged
and operating as hereinbefore described with reference to and shown in the
drawings.
ated this 18th day of January 1897.
For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent. Agent.