Improvements in and connected with the Vitreous Decoration of Walls, Panels, and other Surfaces.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Vitreous Decoration of
Walls, Panels, and other Surfaces.
I, WALTER JOHN PEARCE, of the Firm of Walter J. Pearce Limited, 12 and 14,
Albert Street, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Artists and Craftsmen in
Glass and Glazing, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with the vitreous
decoration of walls, panels, and other surfaces, its object being the production of
an improved effect or result at a cost smaller than that of similar decorations as
produced by methods at present known.
For the purpose of my invention, I employ suitable pieces of plain or coloured
transparent or translucent glass such as the glasses known under the names
Venetian, antique, opalescent, rippled, variegated rolled, and the like, some
of which kinds of glasses have already been used for similar decorative purposes.
My process differs from those at present in use in the production of mosaics and
quasi-mosaics, in several important features. Thus, instead of forming
each important detail of the design from a number of comparatively
small pieces, I form it, whenever practicable, from a single piece
which, if it does not already possess the desired colour, I previously stain or colour
as hereinafter set forth. I use transparent and translucent glasses only, avoid-
ing opaque glass. The rough side or back of the glass becomes the front or face
of the decoration, and I thus avoid the sheen or lustrous surface which is so
objectionable in much previous work of the kind. I back the glass with aluminium
or other metal, and fix it upon a foundation of cement, on any suitable ground or
base whatever.
In carrying out my invention I may proceed as follows:-The design having
been made on paper or otherwise, suitable kinds of plain or coloured glass are
selected and the details of the design are cut out of the glass as if for lead glazing
with the difference that much more intricate forms may be cut and utilised by
my process than for glazing. Each piece of the glass is cut as large as the
exigencies of the design will permit and the rough or rougher side of the glass
is used to produce the front or face of the finished decoration. If any of the
pieces of glass require to be coloured, they are then, stained or lacquered, pre-
ferably with a vitriable stain, lacquer, or stoving enamel, and at the same time,
any required lines or shading may be made. This treatment must be applied to.
what will ultimately be the back of the decoration and upon that side of the glass
which is usually regarded as the face. Those pieces of the glass which require
it are then stoved or fired as in glass painting. All the pieces of glass, or a
sufficient number to enable the work to be proceeded with, being ready, they are
fixed rough side down, on a sheet of stout paper and are backed with leaf metal,
preferably aluminium. This backing can be made to permanently adhere as in
gilding. When the decoration thus prepared is dry and hard, the panel or other
surface upon which it is to be applied is coated with a suitable cement and the

page_text: decoration is then laid upon it with the metal backing next the cement, and well
rolled down with a suitable roller.
A suitable cement may be composed of chalk or whiting, manganese oxide, red
lead, boiled oil, resin, and Burgundy pitch to which other ingredients may be
added. When it has thoroughly set, the stout paper which is then in front of the
decoration, may be soaked and removed, leaving the work complete.
•
Improvements in and connected with the Vitreous Decoration of
Walls, Panels and other Surfaces.
I, WALTER JOHN PEARCE, of the Firm of Walter J. Pearce Limited, 12 and 14,
Albert Street, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Artists and Craftsmen in
Glass and Glazing, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with the vitreous
decoration of walls, panels and other surfaces, its object being the production of
an improved effect or result at a cost smaller than that of similar decorations as
produced by methods at present known.
"
25 65
For the purpose of my invention, I employ suitable pieces of plain or coloured
transparent or translucent glass such as the glasses known under the names
Venetian," antique," "opalescent," "rippled," "variegated rolled," and the like,
some of which kinds of glasses have already been used for similar decorative purposes.
My process differs from those at present in use in the production of mosaics and
quasimosaics in several important features. Thus, instead of forming
each important detail of the design from a number of comparatively
small pieces,
I form it, whenever practicable, from a single piece
which, if it does not already possess the desired colour, I previously stain or colour
as hereinafter set forth. I avoid the use of opaque glass and so arrange the trans-
parent or translucent glass which I do employ that the rough or normal back of
the glass becomes the face or front of the decoration. By this means I avoid the
production of the sheen or lustrous surface, which is so objectionable in much pre-
vious work of the same kind. I back the glass with aluminium or other metal,
and fix it upon a foundation of cement or otherwise, on any suitable ground or
base whatever.
In carrying out my invention I may proceed as follows: The design having
been made on paper or otherwise, suitable kinds of plain or coloured glass of the
varieties hereinbefore indicated, are selected and the details of the design are cut
therefrom as for lead glazing with the difference that much more intricate forms
may be cut and utilised by my process than for glazing. Each piece of the glass
is cut to as large a size as the exigencies of the design will permit, care being
taken that the rough or rougher side of the glass is arranged to form the front
or face of the decoration. If any of the pieces of glass require to be wholly or
partly coloured, they are then stained or lacquered, preferably with a vitrifiable
stain or lacquer or with stoving enamel, and at the same time, any required lines
or shading may be made. This colouring, lining shading and similar treatment
must be applied to that surface of the glass which will ultimately be at the back
of the decoration and which is usually regarded as its face. Those pieces of the

page_text: treated glass which require it are then fired or stoved as in the known processes
of glass painting. All the pieces of glass, or a sufficient number to enable the
work to be proceeded with, being ready, they are fixed rough side down, by glue
or otherwise, upon a sheet of stout paper. What will be the back of the decoration
is now uppermost and this surface is then overlaid with leaf metal, preferably with
aluminium foil which can be made to adhere to the glass permanently as in corres-
ponding gilding processes. In some cases the metallic backing may be protected
by a stoving lacquer. When the decoration thus prepared is complete, dry and
hard, the panel or other surface upon which it is to be applied, is coated with a
suitable cement or adhesive preparation and the decoration is then laid and pressed
upon it with the metallic backing next to the cement. The pressure necessary to
ensure adhesion may be produced by hand or by rolling the surface of the glass
with a suitable roller.
A suitable cement for effecting the adherence of the decoration to the panel
may be composed of;-
Whiting, or Chalk
Manganese dioxide (black)
Red lead
Rosin
Burgundy pitch
Boiled oil
65 parts,
5 parts.
15 parts,
10 parts,
5 parts,
a sufficiency,
well mixed with or without the addition of other suitable ingredients.
When the cement has thoroughly set under the decoration the stout paper now
in front of it may be soaked and removed, leaving the work complete. The
cement joints may then be coloured by brushing pigment of any desired tint into
the interstices.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The hereinbefore described process for the production of vitreous decorations
which consists in cutting the design from plain or coloured transparent or trans-
lucent glass having an uneven surface, staining and treating such parts (if any),
of the glass as may be necessary, coating the even or smoother side of the glass
with metallic foil, and cementing it upon a foundation in such a manner that the
metallic surface is at the back of the decoration; substantially as set forth.
2. The method of producing vitreous decorations for walls, panels and other
surfaces substantially as and by the means hereinbefore described.
3. As new articles of manufacture, vitreous decorations for walls, panels and
other surfaces, produced substantially as and by the means hereinbefore described..
Dated 14th day of June A.D. 1908.
212155
1000
W. E. HEYS & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
ann G
HALL SITIO
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