Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 14th July, 1887
Complete Left, 5th Jan., 1888
Complete Accepted, 17th Feb., 1808
I, ISIDOR NASCH of 251 Whitechapel Road in the County of Middlesex, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to produce a very simple and cheap shuttle or chain
stitch sewing machine.
The needle bar works or is operated by a crank disc or crank arm which is mounted
on a spindle passing through a standard and carrying on the other side a wheel
provided with two cam surfaces for giving motion to a lever which carries the looper
or operates a shuttle. This lever is pivotted on a pin which pin is free to turn in the
frame, and the lever has a suitable movement imparted to it (by means of the said cam
carrying wheel) in such manner that the said lever works the looper or the shuttle as
may be required. The lever when carrying the looper is provided with an arm at
right angles to same formed or provided with a hook to take and hold the loop of
needle thread till the needle passes through the said loop, or the arm operates the
shuttle which latter passes through the loop in the ordinary manner.
The
The stitch regulator mechanism is composed of an arm carried on the end of a lever
fulcrummed on the framework of the machine. The arm so carried fornis a fulcrum
on which the needle bar may rock such rocking being caused by the revolu-
tion of the crank pin on which the end of the needle bar is mounted.
rocking takes place in the direction in which the work is to travel, the distance
of the rock of needle point being variable by altering the height of the fulcrum arm;
any variation of distance of the rocking of the needle produces and regulates the feed
of the work. The work is held to the throat plate by presser foot raised by cam lever
when required.
The frame may be bent to receive the various class of work required to be done and
to provide room for same; for example instead of the frame being bent at right angles
to the throat plate it may be bent or curved so as to form a channel to take the
work.
I provide a clamp to hold the machine to a table or other convenient stand and
for this purpose I provide the base of the stand with two bosses through which
will pass two rods which form the upper clasping arms of a metal clamp; the vertical
plate of the clamp is bent under at right angles and provided with a screw to secure
same.

page_text: .
I, ISIDOR NASCH of 251 Whitechapel Road in the County of Middlesex, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment:-
The object of my invention is to produce a very simple and cheap chain stitch,
or a shuttle or lock stitch sewing machine. In order that my invention may be
easily understood and carried into effect I will describe the same with reference to
the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a sectional front elevation of a sewing machine constructed and
arranged according to my invention, and adapted to produce chain stitch sewing.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same machine as that shewn at Figure 1, with
the throat plate in section. Figure 3 is an inverted plan shewing the looper
arm and hook. Figure 4 is a detached view shewing the hand wheel and cams
formed thereon together with the lever operated thereby. Figure 5 is an inverted
plan of an arrangement as may be applied to such a machine as is shown at
Figure 1, for operating a rotative shuttle by the aforesaid lever. Figure 6 shews in
front elevation and drawn to about full size, another and complete arrangement of
two-thread, or lock stitch machine, constructed according to my invention. Figure 7
is a side elevation of the same machine the lower casing being partly in section in
order to more clearly shew the method of operating a semi-rotative shuttle of other-
wise ordinary construction. Figure 8 is a detached back elevation of the lever and
cam for operating the rack-lever which rotates the shuttle. Figure 9 is a front view
of the parts detached which effect the feed of the work, and figure 10 is a similar view
of the same parts but in a more advanced position. Figure 11 is an inverted plan of
the machine shewn at Figure 7, and shews the rack lever for giving motion to the
semi-rotative shuttle; the box cover shewn in section at Figure 7, has in Figure 11
been entirely removed. Figure 12 is a vertical section drawn on a
larger scale
than the previous figures, and shews the shuttle carrier and the parts for driving same,
but with the shuttle removed.
Referring particularly to Figures 1 to 5, the needle bar a is carried and operated by
a crank arm or disc c mounted on a spindle d, passing through and carried by a
standard or frame e. The main portion of the frame e is vertical, and is at its lower
part bent at right angles at e', to form a work plate, but in order more conveniently
to receive the various classes of work required to be done, I prefer, instead of bending
the frame directly at right angles, to bend it as will be seen at Figure 1, so as to form
a channel e² to take the work. The outer or right hand end of the spindle is fitted
with a hand wheel g, on the inner face of which there are formed two cams h, h²,
which give the requisite motions to a lever k which carries or operates the looper or
shuttle all as hereafter described.

page_text: The lever is jointed on a pin or trunnion ¹ pivotting in the frame e of the
machine, and when fitted as a chain stitch machine as shewn at Figures 1 to 4 the said
lever k provided at its lower end with an arm l, at right angles thereto, and is
formed or provided with a hook ' to take and hold the loop of needle thread, until the
needle again passes through the held loop; or when a rotative shuttle is employed
with this arrangement of machine the end of the lever passes through a slot in the end
of a segment rack lever 1, shewn in inverted plan at Figure 5, fulcrummed at 1*, this
rack operates by spur pinion the axis l', on which the rotative shuttle is fixed.
The stitch regulator mechanism is composed of a projecting arm n through which
the needle passes and is free to rock; the arm n is carried on one end of a lever n¹
pivotted onto the frame e of the machine, and the said arm n forms a fulcrum on which
the needle and needle bar may rock in a plane parallel with the direction in which
the work is to travel; the length of the rock of the needle point and consequently
the length of travel or feed of the work between or during each stitch, being varied
by the height of the arm n.
The work is held to the throat plate e¹ by presser foot p held down by spring p',
Figure 2, and raised when required by cam lever p² pivotted on to frame e s is the
spool, and t the tension arrangement, both mounted on stud pins from the frame e.
I provide a clamp to hold the machine to a table or other convenient stand and for
this purpose I provide the base of the frame e with bosses e³, e³, in which holes are
formed to allow the passage of two rods a¹, a¹ which form the upper clasping arms of
the clamp; the lower clasping arm is bent at right angles and provided with a screw.
By this means I am enabled to fix the machine to any ordinary table especially to such
as have moulded edges, as the machine may be shifted along the arms or rods ¹, 1
into such a position that it may be secured and firmly held to the table by the screw.
The action of this machine is as follows: The needle having been first threaded
and the work placed in position and held by the presser foot p, the hand wheel g is
turned, the shaft d rotated and the pin carrying the needle bar on the crank disc c
revolved. The needle penetrates the work and passes through the throat plate, its
loop being thrown off as usual and at this time the arm with its hook is moved
from the position shewn in full lines at Fig. 3 and passing by the needle as in the first
position shewn by the dotted lines, it catches the needle loop and still holding the loop
it rests in the second position shewn by the dotted lines; its forward travel (in the
direction of the arrow Figure 3) being caused by the bowl of the lever k travelling
over the edge of the cam projection Figure 1, and the slight movement to the right
hand of Figure 3 is caused by the motion of the lever received from the cam h, this
motion being in the direction away from the inner face of the wheel g and at right
angles to the motion received by the lever k from the cam h¹. The rest of the hook in the
second dotted position lasts so long as the end of the lever is travelling on the edge
of the cam Figure 1 and until the return of the needle, which passes through the
loop held by the hook lafter which it is carried back to the position shewn at
Figure 4 by a spring and the motions are repeated. When this machine is adapted
by its construction to receive a shuttle the motions are exactly similar excepting
that the end of the lever k acts on the lever 11* and pinion l' instead of carrying
the hook arm l, and the cam h may be dispensed with.
Referring to the arrangement of shuttle or lock stitch machine which is represented
at Figures 6 to 12 inclusive, e is the standard or upright frame of similar formation
to that shewn at Figs. 1 to 4 and having the bent base e forming a channel for the
work as in the aforesaid figures; d is the driving shaft, and g the driving wheel;
is the spool, t, a thread tension of ordinary construction, h' is the cam fixed on the
shaft d or carried by the hand wheel g for giving motion to the rock lever k oscillating
on pink carried by the frame or standard e, the said rock lever being formed with a
loop end in which the cam h¹ moves and by this means the spring 2 shewn at
Figures 1 to 4 is dispensed with. The lower end of the lever k takes into the
slotted end of the segmental rock lever Figures 7 and 11 which is free to inove
on centre * and act on the pinion Figure 12 which is in gear with the segment
of the lever this is thus rotated in one direction and then returned to its foriner

page_text: position by a reverse motion being given to the lever these two motions occurring
once for every rotation of the hand wheel and cam carrying shaft d; the pinion l' is
fixed to the pivot of the shuttle carrier 12, shewn on an enlarged scale at Figure 12,
the outer end of the pivot being carried by a bracket 1³.
The shuttle carrier consists of a disc 1 on which the shuttle rests, the said disc
being further provided with a finger to cause the shuttle to be revolved with the
carrier. Both the shuttle and the carrier are contained in a suitable recess formed in
the base of the standard e the recess being closed at the top by a plate e¹ figures 6
and 7 which is made so as to be capable of turning on a pin screwed into the frame-
work and so that the plate e¹ may be slid on or off when necessary to replenish the
shuttle spool. The whole of the under shuttle mechanisin is closed in by a box f
held to the base of standard e by screws.
The presser foot p is carried by a bar sliding in bearing lugs formed on the frame-
work and is held to its work by spring p¹ and is provided with pin and slot or other
ordinary means for holding same in a raised position when desired.
The needle bar a is guided at its upper end by passing freely through a bearing
head formed on a stud projection from the upper part of the standard, this being the
same projection to which the tension t is fixed. Pivotted to the needle bar and at or about
the lower part thereof, is a carrying link a' which is at its upper end jointed to a cam
slotted lever fulcrummed at to the frame e; in the cam slot 2 of the said lever
travels a pin c¹ carried by the crank or disc e fixed to shaft d and the revolution of
the pin therefore causes a properly timed vertical rise and fall to be communicated
to the needle through the lever b and link a¹.
The cam slotted lever is further formed with an extending arm which bends at
right angles away from the standard e and has an eye ³ formed on its end. The
thread is guided from the spool s over the tension t, through an eye t' on the frame e
and is then passed through the said eye 63 on the end of the arm of lever b, through an
eye on the lower end of the needle bar and underneath a spring on an arm n hereafter
mentioned and so through the eye of the needle; by this means as the needle rises
the thread is drawn up through the cloth by the comparatively great lift of the eye b³ on
the moving lever b.
The needle as in the arrangement of machine shewn at Figures 1 to 5, passes freely
through the end of the afore mentioned arm n which is carried by a rock lever n¹
fulcrummed on a pin on the frame e. The upper end of the lever n' is caused by for
example a spiral spring concealed in the central boss of the lever or otherwise to bear
in the direction indicated by the arrow Fig. 9 against the edge of a rotating cam h
Figures 6 and 7 but more especially shewn at Figures 9 and 10 where this part of
the movement is shown detached. The cam h may be formed separately and fixed to
the shaft d, or it may be formed with the disc c, and the cam acts by giving through
the lever na lateral movement to the needle bar at particular times or periods as will
he hereafter described, the needle bar being rocked in the fixed guide on its upper end
while the link a¹ also allows of this lateral motion, and it is by these means that the
feed of the work and consequently the regulation of the length of stitch is obtained.
The return of the lever n' or its amount of movement or rock may be decreased by
means of a finger lever m on frame e, said lever having a cam shaped end which may
be brought against a pin projecting from the back of the lever n' the opposite or
upper end of which will be thus prevented from falling against the cam at its smallest
part and the stroke of the lever will be thus shortened.
In figure 6 the needle is shewn in its lowest position having passed through the
work the next movement being to rise out of the cloth and this is caused by the
revolution of the pin c¹ carrying up the lever band by link a' raising the needle bar.
The rise of the needle takes place in a vertical direction or nearly so, the lower
arm n through which the needle passes remaining stationary and I would draw
particular attention to this fact as greatly affecting the accurate working of machines
of this class, the needle and bar being caused to slide upwards in two (for the time
being) fixed guides until it reaches its extreme height; it may also be noted that the
angle at which the needle is thus entered and withdrawn is more nearly vertical than

page_text: usual in this class of machines on account of the bearing on which the needle bar
is rocked being at the highest part of the framework.
On the needle reaching its highest position it is shifted by the movement of the
arm n, lever n', and cam h from left to right and is then caused to descend when it
will occupy the position shewn by Figuro 10 the said descent being in an approxi-
mately vertical direction and the needle passing through the work and throat plate is
given a slight rise to form the loop, the cam acting by lever k, rack / causing the
shuttle to perform nearly a rovolution and thus completing the stitch. The needle is
then rocked from right to left by the feed mechanism from the position shewn at
Figure 10 into that represented at Figure 9, feeding the material ready for the next
stitch, and the needle is then withdrawn from the work as before described, the take up
of the thread being effected by the extension 63 of the lover which at the same time
causes the needle to rise and during which rise of the needle bar the cam h¹ and
lever k again acts upon and revolves the shuttle in the reverse direction until it again
occupies its normal position preparatory to making another stitch and it will be seen
that by this arrangement of machines there is no feed given to the work by the
needle while in the act of passing into or out of the work.
is a spool winding apparatus and consists of a piece of spring metal hinged to the
frame e and carrying on its end a shaft and friction wheel; the shuttle spool is
placed on the shaft when it is necessary to replenish it, and the spring is shifted aside,
the friction wheel being brought in contact with the driving wheel g and on this
latter being turned the shuttle spool will be revolved.
By such construction, arrangement and combination as heroin described I am
enabled to produce a machine which is small and portable, the accompanying drawings
illustrating the machine full size, while at the same time it is practically useful, and
the cost of manufacture is, by reason of the said peculiar construction, considerably
reduced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I claim is:
1. In sewing machines the vertically arranged frame e, el with channel e², in
combination with the crank disc c, needle bar a and stitch regulator and feed
mechanism n, n substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth with reference
to Figures 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings.
2. In sewing machines, the vertically arranged frame e, e¹ with channel e² and
provided with clamp with adjustment bar x, x¹ taking into bosses e³ on machine in
combination with the crank disc c, needle bar a with stitch feed regulator and
mechanism n, n', cam carrying hand wheel g, the double jointed lever k, k¹, operating
a hook or a rotative shuttle, all according to the stitch the machine is constructed
to make and whereby machines are produced whether lock or chain stitch, which are
small, portable, and by reason of the improved construction, arrangement and
combination of parts, are not liable to easily get out of order, can be easily inspected
for repairs when required and are cheaply made, all substantially as herein set forth
with especial reference to Figures 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings.
3. In sewing machines the vertically arranged frame e having work channel e the
cam slotted lever 6 of the shape shewn provided with thread take up arm 6³ in
combination with the link a', needle bar a working in bearing on upper part of
machine, and the revolving pin c on shaft d for actuating the lever b whereby an
approximately vertical rise and fall of the needle is obtained and it is rendered
susceptible of receiving a lateral reciprocating feed motion, the needle being passed
through the work and the sewing thread being drawn up and the stitch tightened
by the same action and parts substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth
with reference to Figures 6 to 12 of the drawings.
4. In sewing machines the vertically arranged frame e having work channel e³ with
stitch regulating the feed mechanism consisting of the rotating cam h on shaft d the
rock lever n' having arm n and controlled by finger lever m whereby the needle is given
a lateral reciprocating swing for effecting the feed of the work in combination

page_text: with the various parts for giving vertical reciprocating movement to the needle
and at the same time drawing up the slack of the thread, such mechanism essentially
consisting of lever b, pin c', link a¹ and bar a as set forth with especial reference to
Figures 1 to 12 of the accompanying drawings.