Improvements in Spinning and Doubling Machines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Improvements in Spinning and Doubling Machines.
I, RUDOLF HASSLER, of Linden, near Hannover, Germany, Factory Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to mechanism for spinning and doubling machines and has
for object to combine the advantages of the fly and ring spinning machines, that is,
continuous spinning simultaneously with the winding or spooling operation so as to
obtain a large yield, with small space requirement and easier attendance, of round
regularly doubled yarn, thereby also rendering practicable the spinning of yarn as
soft and as fine as upon the self acting mule (self actor) and the production as upon
the self actor of readily removable cops upon the cop spindle.
In the drawing Fig 1 18 a sectional view of the mechanism of this invention with
the spinning flyer adapted for fine yarns and Fig. 2, the same adapted for soft
twisted coarse yarns.
The mechanism consists substantially of a drawing mechanism S of the ordinary
kind which delivers the thread to a freely suspended separately driven flyer F
carrying at its lower end a hollow or slotted ring made in one piece, or of twe
recessed pieces as shewn, and of a thread carrier T movable in the slot of the ring,
further of a spindle P separated from the flyer and having communicated to it both
a rotary and an up and down motion. The construction of the flyer F allows of a
very high velocity of rotation. It consits of the sleeve F1 with bore fl, whirl w
and two arms a to the bottom ends of which the hollow ring R is fixed. The flyer
sleeve Frotates in the loose box b and this latter placed in and carried by the
box so as to have some play therem. The box c is enlarged or widened out for
the reception of oil. t is a ring screwed to the flyer sleeve F¹ and moving upon the
The box c
upper edge of the box the vertical movement of which it prevents.
is firmly attached to the support u. The mounting of the hollow flyer sleeve Fl
in a movable box and the peculiar form of the flyer with a highly placed centre of
gravity have for effect that the flyer notwithstanding the unequal loading at the
The said
Ayer end will, at a sufficiently high rotary velocity, centre itself.
mechanism may be applied in various ways. In Fig. 1, the spinning flyer F and
the spindle P are separately driven either by a common band or by special bands.
The velocity of the flyer differs from that of the spindle. The thread carrier T
rotates in the slot of the ring R and has an absolute rotary velocity which is equal
to the number of revolutions of the forerunning spindle less the number of windings
in the unit of time and is greater than the number of revolutions of the flyer. The
form of the thread carrier may be varied in many ways. Fig. 3 shews one form of
a rotary thread carrier by way of example, but any suitable thread carrier may he
applied, the essential feature of the invention being, not the thread carrier, but the
freely suspended flyer which at its lower end is furnished with a hollow ring for
the reception of the thread carrier. By a corresponding measurement of the
difference between the spindle revolutions or the thread carrier revolutions and by
a suitable design of the thread carrier as regards form and weight-having regard
on the one hand to the friction between the thread carrier and the slide surface in
the slotted ring and on the other hand to that between the thread carrier and the
cop the thread may be firmly wound upon the cop without having to sustain a

page_text: tension that would affect its tenacity, the tension or strain upon the thread being in
any case considerably less than that obtaining in the fly or ring spinning machines
hitherto in use The useful effect is still further increased in that the size of the
body of the wound thread or cop, which is very small in the ring, spinning machine,
remains unchanged as compared therewith, because the uppermost position of the
winding point is not altered. It is specially to be observed that with the described
mechanism, the thread during its travel from the delivery cylinder to the flyer head
is nearly fully twisted (corresponding to the velocity of rotation of the flyer) and
therefore already possesses cohesiveness and strength at the point where the wound
bulk of the cop is formed and where the thread carrier holds the thread in tension.
Owing to the greater weight of soft twisted coarse yarns the cop of wound yarn
cannot always be prevented from reaching such a size that the thread strikes
against the arms of the flyer and is thereby carried away. For such yarns the
arrangement of Fig. 2 is advisable. Here only the spinning flyer F is driven
direct. The spindle P is driven by the thread and by the thread carrier T pressed
against the cop or spindle P by the centrifugal action of its weight, said carrier
being so fixed in the slot of ring R at the end of the flyer that it can swing round
upon a pivot Such a thread carrier is shewn in Figs. 4 and 5 in different positions
The thread carrier T is so formed that, as shewn, it, by the centrifugal force lays
itself with a certain pressure against the cop and so by friction upon the spindle
transmits motion. It can also be fixed direct to the end of the flyer without the
use of a ring but then its operation is not so sure. The flyer works like the flyer
of ordinary flyer spinning machines. The thread travels through the bore 1 of
the sleeve Fround an arm a of the flyer F and thence to the upwardly and down-
wardly moved spindle P upon which it is wound. This spindle whose revolutions
must equal the number of revolutions of the flyer less the number of windings in
an unit of time is more easy in its motion than that of the yarn spool usual in the
old flyer spinning machines and is not, like the latter kind, driven by the thread
alone. The oscillating thread carrier impelled so as to press against the cop and
roll upon the circumference thereof, sets the spindle in motion and is so designed
that the action of the impelling force, namely the friction of the thread carrier, 18
not wholly sufficient to communicate the requisite velocity to the spindle, a small
portion of the power required for driving the spindle being left over to be yielded
by the thread which is led by the thread carrier close up to the cop. The thread
carrier is so formed that its centre of gravity is the farther removed from the
spindle the smaller the diameter of the cop, so that its effect remains nearly
constant The tension under which the thread is wound by the flyer is fairly
regular and does not need to be greater than is required in the production of a firm
cop, and having sustained this strain the thread is already spun. The thread
carriers are made of any suitable kind of metal wire.
Experience has shown that, with a very high velocity of the flyer, namely in the
spinning of medium fine yarn numbers, it is not desirable to have the pressure of
the thread carrier against the cop very great and act up to the point of the cop,
that is, up to the bare spindle. The reaction of this pressure upon the lower end
of the flyer readily results in a hurling movement of the flyer which movement is
capable of prejudicially influes-cing the regular action of the same
For high
velocities of the flyer it has been found suitable to employ an elastic thread carrier
with a limited stroke such as shewn in Fig. 6, the distribution of the weight of
which is so designed that it can only bear lightly against the cop and its free
movement is so limited by striking against the inside of the hollow ring that it does
not bear continuously against the same.
The second method hereinabove described with reference to Fig. 2 of applying
the spinning flyer is more especially suitable for soft twisted coarse yarns
Therefore the essential feature of my invention is the suspended and constantly
rotated flyer separated from the spindle which flyer carries at its lower end cl
vibrating thread carrier.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A spinning and doubling machine having the spinning flyer separate from the
cop spindle, in which the spinning flyer and the spindle are each independently
driven either by means of a common band or by separate driving arrangements and
in which the spinning flyer is furnished with a hollow ring or two juxtaposed rings
at its bottom end for the reception of a rotary thread carrier, substantially as
described with reference to Fig 1 of the drawings.
2 A spinning and doubling machine of the kind referred to, in which the
spinning flyer only is driven direct and carries at its bottom end a suitably guided
oscillating thread carrier, which is so designed as to be carried by the centrifugal
force against the cop spindle (or cop thereon) which is not driven direct, thereby
pressing the thread against the cop and thus assisting the thread in its work of
drawing the spindle after it, substantially as described with reference to Fig. 2
of the drawings.
Dated this 28th day of November 1894
CAPITAINE & Vox HERTLING,
89, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.