IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING WOOL
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Maurice Bauer, Civil Engineer, of the Firm of M. Bauer
and Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 30, Boulevard Magenta, Paris, in the
Republic of France, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
SPINNING WOOL." A communication from Eugène Appenzeller, of Mulhouse,
Alsace, in the German Empire.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Maurice Bauer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1880.
MAURICE BAUER, Civil Engineer, of the Firm of M. Bauer and Company,
Solicitors of Patents, of 30, Boulevard Magenta, Paris, in the Republic of France.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING WOOL." A communication from
Eugène Appenzeller, of Mulhouse, Alsace, in the German Empire.
The Invention has for its object the spinning of carded wool on the throstle
machine, and consists chiefly in a differential mechanism placed between the feed
rollers and the spindle, in which the thread coming from the feed rollers is twisted
and drawn out in such a manner that these two operations can be varied inde-
pendently, this differential or spinning mechanism being constructed as follows:-
To a (cylindrical) barrel, the axis of which coincides with the thread, is fixed at
the bottom a whorl having a hollow axle, and at the top a disc having also a
hollow axle which extends upwards and forms the fulcrum for a second whorl
mounted loose on the said axle, and carrying a bevel wheel gearing into a second
bevel wheel placed inside the barrel, and connected with two rollers (with hori-
zontal axes) the circumferences of which touch each other in the axis of the barrel,
one roller having a fixed axle while the other is movable, and pressed against the
first roller by springs. If the two whorls are made to revolve with the same speed
the thread passing between the two rollers is twisted without being drawn out,
because the rollers are only sharing the revolution of the barrel without turning on
their respective axes. If, however, the upper whorl is made to revolve quicker
than the lower whorl, the bevel wheels cause the rollers to turn on their own
axes with a speed in proportion to the difference between the speeds of the two
whorls, whereby the thread is drawn through between the rollers; and if this
drawing motion is quicker than the speed of the feed rollers the thread will be
stretched and twisted at the same time. The final twist is afterwards obtained by
the spindle and its winding apparatus, which latter consists of a horizontal disc
having a circular groove at its circumference which comes in contact with (three)
guide rollers, preferably placed at equal distances from each other, supporting the
disc and allowing the latter to revolve freely round the spindle. The said disc is
provided with two shackles, through which the thread passes, and which are
placed diametrically opposite each other.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Maurice Bauer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd July
1880.
"
MAURICE BAUER, Civil Engineer, of the Firm of M. Bauer and Company,
Solicitors of Patents, of 30, Boulevard Magenta, Paris, in the Republic of France.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING WOOL" A communication from
Eugène Appenzeller, of Muhouse, Alsace, in the German Empire.
This Invention has for its object the spinning of carded wool on the throstle or
BO called continuous spinning machine, and consists chiefly in a differential
mechanism placed between the feed rollers and the spindle, in which the thread
coming from the feed rollers is twisted and drawn out in such manner that these
two operations can be varied independently, this differential spinning mechanism
being constructed as follows, and as represented in and by the accompanying
Drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a front view of the apparatus; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal
section at C, C, Fig. 5; Fig. 3 is a plan; Fig. 4 is a section at B, B, Fig. 3; Fig. 5
is a plan; and Fig. 6 a section at B1, B¹, of Fig. 5 of a modification of construction
for high speeds.
To a drum or barrel K, which may be termed the body of the apparatus (the
axis of which coincides with the passage of the thread or roving under the operation
of being spun), is fixed at the bottom a wharl P¹ carrying the lower hollow axle,
and at the top a disc R carrying the upper hollow axle O, which axle O carries a
second wharl P.
In the interior of the body K are mounted two rollers E, E¹, the one E grooved
and mounted in fixed supports; the other E', which is called the pressure roller, is
pressed against the other by means of springs r, and this latter cylinder should be
as light as possible in order to secure immunity from centrifugal force, which would
tend to separate it from the grooved roller E.
The apparatus represented in Figs. 5 and 6 will only be employed for high
speeds, and differs from the construction represented in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 by the
arrangement of the pressure spring r and of the bearing of the roller E₁, Baid
pressure spring r exercising its pressure upon the bearing from above, and said
bearing sliding upon an inclined plane D, and consequently tending to bring
roller E' closer to roller E, the centre whereof is a little lower than the centre of
the pressure roller E¹. By this arrangement the centrifugal force which tends to
separate the rollers is not brought directly upon the spring, which allows of the
mechanism being driven a high speeds.
The rollers E, E₁, are in gear with and driven by the cone wheel A, mounted
on the neck of the wharl P on the upper hollow spindle of the body of the spinning
device, at a speed resulting from the difference of the speed of the spinning device
and of the wharl P, and the further transmission will be readily understood. For
example, admitting that the two wharls P and P' are driven at the same speed,
it is evident that all the interior parts of the spinning device will remain, inde-
pendently speaking, inert, and partake only of the general movement of the whole
block in its movement upon its axis; there will therefore be simply a twisting
action without drag upon the roving or thread passing between the spinning
rollers. If, on the contrary, the wharl P is driven faster than the wharl P¹ it is
evident that the cone wheel A will first give or impart its higher movement to the
body K, and so to the rollers E, E¹, and cause them to turn on themselves and
give a twisting action, along with a dragging action, on the roving or thread, and
if this drag is sufficiently in excess of the delivery of the feeding rollers the stretching
of the thread will be effected. It will therefore suffice to give to the wharl P the
necessary speed on the body K of the spinning device for giving such stretching
as is wished without varying the twisting which is given by the body of the
spinning device.

page_text: With this differential roller apparatus it is possible to vary the stretching of the
thread independently of the twisting, that is, it is possible to stretch considerably
whilst twisting but little vice versa, which will allow of spinning any required
No. of yarn with such slivers as may be desired, which is an important advantage
for works with simple or special transmission, the use of which is per force
limited.
Another advantage which is presented by this apparatus is in the construction
and general disposition thereof, for it did not suffice merely to find the principle
of its action, but further to combine the apparatus in such wise that it should be
really practical and permit of remunerative, and in addition it was necessary
that the spinning device should be capable of being driven at a speed varying
between 1,000 to 1,500 revolutions per minute.
The parts at the extremity of the axis exclude all dust and foreign matters, and
presents a very slight frictional surface; further, the conditions of equilibrium and
stability have been carefully attended to, so that the device presents all the
qualities necessary for working at the required speed. Again, by reason of the
simplicity of the parts, and the facility with which they may be dismounted and
replaced, this apparatus is of very handy character.
Having now described the nature and particulars of the said Invention, I
claim,―
The improvements in apparatus for spinning, hereinbefore described and repre-
sented in and by the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, for the purpose of spinning
carded wool upon continuous spinning machines, said improvements consisting,-
1st. In the construction and arrangement of the said apparatus permitting of a
speed being given thereto varying between 1,000 to 1,500 revolutions per minute,
and whereby the old construction is completely modified; and, 2nd, the applica-
tion of the spring r vertically to the direction of the centrifugal force tending to
prevent the separation of the two rollers E, E', and acting directly upon an inclined
plane, the tension of each spring being exerted against the movement of the
bearing of the pressure roller against the pressure, all as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Maurice Bauer, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
5 Witness,
LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH.
MAURICE BAUER. (L.S.)