Improvements in and in connection with Photographic Printing Apparatus, an Improved Method of Preserving Sensitized Paper, and a Protective and Adhesive Solution therefor.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in connection with Photographic Printing
Apparatus, an Improved Method of Preserving Sensitized Paper,
and a Protective and Adhesive Solution therefor.
We RICHARD JOHN WYNKOOP and JOHN MORRIS KEMP both of Paterson
in the County of Passaic and State of New Jersey United States of America
Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of our invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved machine or apparatus for rapidly printing
and trimming or cutting photographs.
The object is to provide means for contact printing and the invention consists
in apparatus for holding films or sensitized paper in close contact with a photo-
graphic negative during exposure and in certain other novel features of construction
and combination of parts as will be hereinafter described and pointed out in the
claims.
Like letters of reference indicate like parts in the accompanying, drawings
forming a part of this Specification and in which :-
Fig. 1 is one side view of our improved photographic printing and trimming
apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a front view..
Fig. 3 a view of the other side.
Fig. 4 is a rear perspective view showing the negative holder swung from the
inclined front of box or casing.
Fig. 5 is a front perspective view showing the parts in the same position, parts
being omitted.
Fig. 6 is a front perspective view the cover being raised entirely, parts being
omitted.
Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional perspective view showing the paper grip in
raised position.
Fig. 8 is a similar view showing the grip in a lowered position.
The box or casing A is provided with the hinged cover B having the inclined
part B. A curved slotted arm B2 is secured to the cover and through the
slot of said arm a clamping screw B³ passes into the side of the casing A and
by means of the slotted arm and the screw B³ the cover B can be held in a
raised position when desired. B is a spring catch for locking the cover in
place.
In the inclined part B¹ of the cover an opening is provided which is
surrounded by a box shaped frame D having a ledge fat its bottom. The negative
holder D' consists of a frame or box having arms D2 hinged to standards D³ on the
inclined part. B₁ of the cover B. The negative holder B'₁ is adapted to pass into
the frame D and to fit tightly and it can be swung out to put in place the negative
as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
On the top or cover of the negative holder D', the vignette holder d' is fixed
which is provided with side slots 2 for inserting the vignettes. This vignette holder
has a hinged cover d on which a longitudinal slotted spring e is held by a thumb
screw c¹ so as to permit the adjusting of said spring arm to project a greater or less
distance beyond the hinged end of the cover d. A spring catch serves for
locking the cover d. The cover d is provided at one side edge near the hinged end
with a projection b¹ on which the free end of a spring arm & can act which arm is
pivoted to a standard e on the hinged negative holder D' and has its opposite end
pivoted at a¹ to angle rod E which is provided with a nose E' and with a longi-
tudinal slot through which a screw E2 passes into the side of the box or casing A.

page_text: A spring of any suitable kind presses the rod E outward or upward. A
shaft G passes transversely through the casing A and is provided at one end
with a crank arm a provided with a handle and an extension a². A curved
guide a on the side of the box A serves for guiding said crank arm. Within the
casing A a fixed inclined frame H is held parallel with and directly below the
inclined part B of the cover B. The sensitized paper forming the roll ' held in
the bottom front part of the casing A passes over a pad held loosely in the
frame H and then between two curved plates P, P of less width than the sheet so
that the side edges of the sheet project beyond the side edges of the curved
plates P. Said curved plates P extend downward from the upper end of the
frame H. A presser bar K secured to springs K' fastened on the side of the bars
of the frame H bears on the sheet y and holds it taut.
A U-shaped bar I has its ends secured on the shaft G the cross piece of said bar
being adjacent to the concave side of the plate P. Sliding rods are secured to
cranks o of the shaft G and their opposite ends are passed through apertures in the
cross piece of the bar I and through apertures in the cross piece L' extending
transversely across the convex surface of the plate P. The ends of the rods L
are also passed through a cross piece L2 carrying a spring L³ and nuts L' are
screwed. Pads L' of rubber, felt or other suitable material are secured to the
cross piece L' for gripping the paper. Segmental guide plates k are secured to
the inner surface of the sides of the casing A and serve to guide the cross piece L²
in a manner that will be set forth. This is an essential feature of our invention
and by way of further emphasis it may be added in this connection that a perfect
print is dependent upon the sensitized paper or film being pressed firmly against or
kept in close contact with the negative the moment that the printing is being done
and during the period of exposure to light. This is of course momentary and
the contact of the paper or film with the negative is simultaneous with this
exposure.
Between fixed rails in the casing A a fixed knife N is arranged and between
said rails a sliding frame M is arranged which carries a knife N¹ both knives being
directly below the bottom edges of the curved plates P, PL
Rods R connect the sliding frame M with the cranks of the shaft G. S are
buffers for the swinging bar 1.
i is a drawer for the prints that are cut off and is the sliding light excluding
cover for the said drawer.
•
For ascertaining when a predetermined number of prints have been made
without counting the strokes of the crank arm, we have provided the indicator R
which consists of a dial r, a pointer a bell a notched wheel and a spring
actuated hammer, the dial and pointer being on the outside of the case and the
remaining parts on the inside. The dial in the present instance is numbered
from 1 to 12 and the wheel is provided with twelve notches, one of the
latter being deeper than the others so that when the deeper notch comes under
the spring actuated hammer the latter can move sufficiently far to, strike
the bell.
The shaft G is provided near one end with the arm which latter as the
shaft is turned engages a notch in the wheel and turns the wheel one notch.
The hammer shank or a projection therefrom rests on the periphery of the
wheel and when the deeper notch therein comes under the projection the shank
falls and an audible signal given that the required number of prints have been
made. The parts can be adjusted to print any desired number from 1 to 12
without sounding the alarm, by simply turning the pointer to the corresponding
number on the dial. The pointer and wheel are rigidly secured to a shaft and
hence by turning the pointer the wheel is also turned.
To print, say ten copies, the pointer is turned until it is opposite ten on the
dial, and on the completion of the tenth stroke of the crank arm, the bell will
strike and indicate to the operator that the number of copies for which the dial
was set have been printed.

page_text: It is evident that the dial and wheel can be constructed for a greater or less
number than 12, but in all cases the principle is the same. Again, the wheel
instead of being notched around its entire periphery, can have laterally pro-
jecting teeth or pins for engaging the arm by which it is turned and a single
notch, which when it comes opposite the hammer shank will cause the latter to fall
and sound the alarm.
The operation is as follows:-
The negative e is adapted to be properly adjusted in the holder D¹ and to this
end there is a frame upon which the negative is held, which is made to slide
laterally in the holder and by way of further adjustment the negative itself
may of course be freely moved endwise as much as desired in either direction
so that between the two adjustments the negative is capable of being moved to the
exact position required.
The crank arm a is depressed whereby the bar 1 is swung down and as the ends
of the cross piece L2 slide along the concave edges of the guides & the spring L
presses the pads L' against the projecting edges of the sheet g which thus gripped
and pulled downward between the curved plates P, P¹ and at the same time the
knife frame M is withdrawn. By drawing down the paper between the curved
plates P, Pa fresh part of the paper is drawn up over the pad 7. Just before
the succeeding upstroke of the crank is completed the arm a³ strikes the nose E¹
pulling the same downward suddenly, whereby the free end of the spring arm
thrown up suddenly and striking the projection of the cover d throws the cover d
upward suddenly, thus permitting the light to enter and to act on that part of the
film or sheet y which film is pressed at that moment by the spring m and pad n
against the negative.
is
The projecting end of the spring e strikes against the back of the casing d¹ and
throws the cover back again.
According as a greater or less length of spring a projects beyond the cover b
said cover closed more or less rapidly. It will be understood that when the crank a
is raised and thereby the bar I raised, the cross piece L slides on the convex edges
of the guides whereby the pads L are clear from the sheet and do not affect the
same. At the same time the sliding knife frame M is moved toward the rear and
the previously printed part of the sheet is cut off by the knives N, N¹ and drops
into the drawer i. By the next downward movement of the crank a that part of
the film or sheet just printed is moved down between the plates P, P' and a fresh
supply of paper is moved over the pad and by the upward movement of the
crank a the sheet is cut off and so on.
In order to exclude light from the interior of the apparatus when it is necessary
to remove a negative from the holder, a slot f is formed in the side of the holder
to receive a slide. This slide is pushed through the slot after which the negative
holder may be swung open as shown in Fig. 5, without letting light into the
apparatus to injure and fog the paper contained therein. By means of this slide
the interior is kept just as dark as though the holder were closed and so its only
function is to exclude the light when the negative holder is raised or opened.
When the holder is closed again the slide is removed.
h
On the vignette holder d' any suitable enlarging or reducing camera
may be
placed; the spring cover will then be on the outer end of this camera and may
be lifted to allow light to pass through the camera in exactly the same way as
before described for the contact printing without the camera, it being operated by
a rod from the spring arm as shown in Figure 1.
For protecting the sensitized surface of the photographic paper and for preventing
chemicals or impurities in the back of the paper from contact with the sensitized
surface and destroying it as a whole or in spots we provide a preservative
solution for application to the back of the sensitized paper which will hold back
the chemicals or impurities therein from contact with the sensitized surface, thus
enabling the paper to be kept for any length of time without injury to the sensitized
surface.

page_text: that the ordinary paste for mounting prints on card board is dispensed with.
The ingredients generally employed are as follows and in about the proportion
named to-wit:-
Gelatine or glue
Water-
Alcohol
Sugar
Chrome alum or alum
-
2 ounces
40
10
دو
1 ounce
Glycerine
5 grains
2 drachms.
These may be combined in any approved manner, but we prefer to dissolve the
gelatine or glue and sugar in the water, and mix therewith the alum and glycerine
after which the alcohol is added. When applied to the back of the sensitized
paper it produces a thin pliable coating or skin, which as previously stated prevents
impurities on the back of the paper from contact with the adjacent sensitized
surface, and also when moistened forms an excellent adhesive for the card board or
other back.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1st. In an apparatus for photographic printing, the combination with a casing
and means contained therein for holding and actuating sensitized paper, of a cover
constructed with a holder in which a negative may be removably secured, and also
provided with a shutter for admitting the light to and excluding it from the
negative holder, substantially as set forth.
2nd. The combination with a negative holder, of a paper feeder and a paper
cutter, substantially as set forth.
3rd. The combination of a casing, a negative holder, a shutter on the latter, a
paper feeder, a paper cutter, and a shaft from which the shutter, feeder and cutter
are operated, substantially as set forth.
4th. The combination with a casing, of a negative holder, a vignette holder on
the latter, and a shutter on the vignette holder, substantially as set forth.
5th. The combination with a casing, of a negative holder, a vignette holder on
the latter, a shutter on the vignette holder, a spring arm for operating the shutter
and a shaft adapted to vibrate the spring arm, substantially as set forth.
6th. The combination with a negative holder, of frame to which the latter
is connected and having a slot therein adapted to receive a slide whereby light
is excluded when the negative holder is raised from the frame, substantially as set
forth.
7th. In an apparatus for photographic printing, the combination with a pad or
support for supporting the film or sensitized paper, of a spring actuated bar for
pressing the film or paper against the pad and a gripping device for feeding the
paper and drawing it across and in close contact with the pad or support, substan-
tially as set forth.
Sth. In an apparatus for photographic printing the combination of the casing, a
frame, shaft, guide plates and a swinging paper feeder on the shaft, substantially as
described and shown.
9th. In an apparatus for photographic printing the combination of the casing a
frame a swinging paper feeding device and the curved plates P, P, for guiding the
paper, substantially as described and shown..
10th. In an apparatus for photographic printing the combination of the casing,
the frame H, guides for a paper sheet, guides and a swinging paper feeder on
which the guides k, kact, substantially as described and shown.
11th. In an apparatus for photographic printing the combination of the casing,
he frame H therein, a paper feeder a shaft from which said paper feeder is

page_text: operated, the guide plates and a cutter below said plates and operated from the
shaft, substantially as described and shown.
12th. In an apparatus for photographic printing the combination of the casing A,
a negative holder, a paper feeder and a paper cutter operated from the same
shaft, a drawer in said casing and a slide on said drawer, substantially as described
and shown.
13th. In a photographic apparatus the combination with a negative holder and
a support for the film or sensitized paper, of a gripping device for feeding the
paper and another device for holding the paper while the feeding gripping device.
is being moved to take a fresh grip, substantially as set forth.
14th. In a photographic apparatus, a cutter in combination with means for
severing the sensitized paper after the operation of printing, substantially as set
forth.
15th. In a photographic apparatus the combination with a negative holder and
support for the film or sensitized paper of a cutter for cutting the sensitized paper
after it has been printed, and a device for gripping and holding the paper while it
is being cut substantially as set forth.
16th. In a photographic apparatus the combination with a cutter, of a
removable box for receiving the severed sheets of sensitized paper, the box being
provided with a cover to exclude the light from its contents, substantially as set
forth.
17th. In a photographic apparatus, the combination of the following instru-
mentalities, to wit: a negative holder a support for the film or sensitized paper,
and means for automatically feeding, holding and cutting the sensitized paper,
substantially as set forth.
18th. A signal for audibly indicating when a predetermined number of prints
have been made.
19th. A signal for audibly indicating when a predetermined number of prints
have been made consisting of a dial, a pointer, a bell, a bell hammer, a notched
wheel and means connected with the actuating mechanism of the printing and
cutting apparatus for rotating the notched wheel.
20th. A preservative compound adapted to be applied to the back of sensitized
paper to hold back the impurities and chemicals therein and prevent their
entering the sensitized surface which may be placed in contact with the back of
the paper.
21st. A preservative compound adapted to be applied to the back of sensitized
paper and having adhesive qualities, whereby the paper may be readily mounted by
simply applying moisture to its back and placing the paper on card board or
equivalent material.
Dated thin 2nd da
1001
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicants.