Improvements in the Manufacture of Dip Candles and in Apparatus to be Employed in this Manufacture.
Year: 1884

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Dip Candles and in
Apparatus to be Employed in this Manufacture.
We, LEWIS JAMES PIRIE, Manager and HENRY ROBERTS, Candle Maker both
of Bromborough Pool Works Birkenhead in the County of Chester do hereby
declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN, THE MANUFACTURE
OF DIP CANDLES AND IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THIS MANUFACTURE" to
be as follows:-
This invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of dip
candles and in apparatus to be employed in this manufacture.
The way in which dip candles are at present made is to suspend a series of wicks
from a rod or frame and whilst so held to dip them into melted fat. The wicks are
then lifted out of the fat allowed to cool and redipped into the same or other fat
until the desired thickness to form a candle has been accumulated upon the wick.
According to our invention we proceed in a similar manner but employing metal
wires in lieu of wicks; when the requisite amount of fat has been accumulated
upon the wires we draw them out and afterwards insert the wicks into the hole or
passage left by the wire-To admit of this being readily done the wick is stiffened
with wax or otherwise like an ordinary taper.
For the purpose of withdrawing the wires rapidly and accurately the candles are
laid in a series of grooves formed parallel the one to the other on the surface of the
table, and another similar grooved board is then closed down upon them so as to
retain the candles in place each in a separate cell. The ends of the grooves are
stopped by blocks of elastic material which leave between them only sufficient
space for the passage of the wires. The board on which the wires are threaded or
on which they are clamped being then drawn away leaves the candles with their
ends abutting upon the stops already mentioned.
The wicks we usually prefer to insert into the candles by hand as this ensures
the inspection of each candle and the rejection of broken or imperfect ones.
Nevertheless the wicks may be inserted by the aid of mechanism, in which case
immediately after the withdrawal of the wires a rod carrying the wicks duly
spaced is caused to advance and (being suitably guided) to introduce the wicks
into the passages left by the wires.
1
CAT
1004

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Dip Candles and in
Apparatus to be Employed in this Manufacture.
We, LEWIS JAMES PIRIE, Manager, and HENRY ROBERTS Candle Maker both
of Bromborough Pool Works Birkenhead in the County of Chester do hereby
declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF DIP CANDLES AND IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THIS MANUFACTURE
"
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of dip candles
and in apparatus to be employed in this manufacture.
The way in which dip candles.are at present made is to suspend a series of wicks
from a rod or frame and whilst so held to dip them into melted fat. The wicks
are then lifted out of the fat allowed to cool and re-dipped into the same or other
fat until the desired thickness to form a candle has been accumulated upon
the wick.
According to our invention we proceed in a similar manner but employing metal
wires in lieu of wicks; when the requisite amount of fat has been accumulated
upon the wires, we draw them out and afterwards insert the wicks into the hole or
passage left by the wire. To admit of this being readily done the wick is stiffened
with wax or otherwise like an ordinary taper.
For the purpose of withdrawing the wires rapidly and accurately the candles are
laid in a series of grooves formed parallel the one to the other on the surface of the
table, and another similar grooved board is then closed down upon them so as to
retain the candles in place each in a separate cell. The ends of the grooves are
stopped by blocks of elastic material which leave between them only sufficient space
for the passage of the wires. The bars on which the wires are threaded or on
which they are clamped being then drawn away leaves the candles with their ends
abutting upon the stops already mentioned.
The wicks we usually prefer to insert into the candles by hand as this ensures
the inspection of each candle and the rejection of broken or imperfect ones.
Nevertheless the wicks may be inserted by the aid of mechanism, in which case
immediately after the withdrawal of the wires a rod carrying the wicks duly
spaced is caused to advance and (being suitably guided) to introduce the wicks into
the passages left by the wires.
In order that our said invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect we will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section full size of a candle in process of manufacture,
it is made by repeatedly dipping the wire a into melted fat or candle making
materials in the way in which dip candles are commonly made excepting that the
wire takes the place of a wick.

page_text: For the purpose of dipping a series of wires simultaneously they may be hung
from a rod or the wires may be fixed upon a rod as is shown at Figure 2.
Figure 3 is an elevation of the table which we use in withdrawing the wires a
from the candles.
Figure 4 is an end elevation and
Figure 5 is a plan of the same.
Figure 6 is a section full size on the line A B in Figure 4.
Figure 7 is a section on the line C D in Figure 5.
Figure 8 is in part an elevation and in part a section on the line E F in Figure 5.
Figure 9 is a section full size of a finished candle with the wick inserted and
occupying the position originally held by the wire.
Referring to the apparatus used in withdrawing the wires-b is the grooved
surface of the table it is preferably covered with cloth and in the grooves the
candles are laid. The grooves are stopped at their outer ends by the blocks cc,
these may be of vulcanised india rubber also covered with cloth.
d is the clamping board, it is hinged to the table and similarly grooved-the
grooves also in this case may be lined with india rubber and they are stopped at
the ends by blocks e e. The clamping board also we prefer to cover with cloth.
When the candles are in their places on the table and the clamping board is shut
down upon them each is held in a separate cell. There is room between the
blocks cand e for the wires a to project out to the front. fis a weight on the
clamping board which causes it to press on the candles with sufficient force.
If the wires are separate as in Figure 1 a bar g is threaded through their eyes
when they are in place in the table and this bar being drawn forward by hand or
otherwise causes the wires to leave the candles. If the wires are permanently
fixed to a bar the spacing of the wires on the bar corresponds to the spacing of the
grooves in the table.
The wicks we prefer to employ are stiffened with wax and preferably we cause.
them to be inserted by hand labour.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
-
(1). The process in the manufacture of candles consisting in accumulating the
fat or candle making material upon a wire by dipping and then drawing out the
wire and introducing a wick.
(2). Apparatus to be employed in the manufacture of candles consisting of a
table with parallel grooves, a similarly grooved clamping board and stopping
blocks the whole serving to hold the candles securely whilst the wires on which
they have been formed are withdrawn.
בז
1 11
501