CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS ON MY FORMER PATENT FOR AN IMPROVED METHOD OF ACTING UPON MACHINERY, BEARING DATE THE TWENTY-THIRD DAY OF MAY ONE THOUSAND. EIGHT HUNDRED AND FOUR-TEEN
Year: 1816

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MOULT, of Bedford Square, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster the Fourteenth day of August, in the
fifty-sixth year of His reign, did give and grant unto me, the said William
Moult, my exors, adññors, and assigns, His special licence, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that I, the said William Moult, my exors, adñors,
and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the term of years therein men-
tioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS ON MY
FORMER PATENT FOR AN IMPROVED METHOD OF ACTING UPON MACHINERY, BEARING
DATE THE TWENTY-THIRD DAY OF MAY ONE THOUSAND. EIGHT HUNDRED AND FOUR-
TEEN;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that if I, the
said William Moult, shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be
inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar inonths
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the
said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby
granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the
same, relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Moult, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,

page_text: and the manner in which the same are to be performed, are particularly
described and ascertained in manner following (that is to say) :-
"
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My improvements are applicable to that part of my former Invention which
is described by the following words in my Specification inrolled in His Majesty's
High Court of Chancery the Twenty-second of November, One thousand eight
hundred and fourteen, viz-"Another form of this Invention is where, instead
"of a cylinder to work the engine, I place two vessels at the opposite ex-
"tremities of the working beam, and, having a communication between them,
a sufficient quantity of water or other ponderous fluid is introduced to fill
one of them, than by means of steam I cause the fluid to be expelled from
the vessel at that end of the beam which is depressed, and by the com-
"munication it will occupy the vessel that is at the elevated end of the beam;
this operation of alternating transferring the ponderous fluid from the
"depressed to the elevated end of the beam, gives a preponderating power to
work the engine. The steam is made to operate in this engine as fol-
"lows: A pipe is conducted from the boiler, and passing through the axis of
"the beam' with a turning joint proceeds to the vessel at one end of the
"beam, which vessel is closed, and I call it the steam vessel; it has a free
"communication by a pipe conducted along the beam with the other vessel
"which is open at the top; the turning joint of the steam pipe at the axis of
"the beam may be made in the manner of a cock, so as to open and shut when
"the beam vibrates on its centre, and is so arranged that it will open the pas-
sage whenever that end of the beam which carries the steam vessel is below
the horizontal position, but in all other positions the passage will be shut."
Now, my present improvements upon the, aforesaid method of acting upon
machinery are, first, that instead of making one of the said vessels at the ends
of the beam open to the atmosphere, I make both the said vessels closed
similar to that which I called the steam vessel, and I apply the force of the
steam in such manner that it shall always enter into the upper part of that
steam vessel which is at the depressed end of the beam, and operate by its
pressure or expansive force between the top or cover of the said vessel and
the surface of the ponderous fluid which it contains, so as to displace the same
and force it to pass through the pipe of communication and ascend into the
other vessel which is at the opposite or elevated end of the beam. And at
the same time to cause the ponderous fluid to pass freely from one of the
vessels to the other, I make a communication from that steam vessel which is
at the elevated end, to the open air, so as to permit the escape of that steam
which was forced into the said vessel at the last at the last stroke, whilst the.
said vessel was in the depressed situation, and which steam will remain within
tr

page_text: up
the same and occupy the space thereof until, by the opening of the aforesaid
communication, it is allowed to escape into the open air and leave room for
the ponderous fluid which is forced from the steam vessel at the opposite end
of the beam. When the engine is made in this manner, it must be made to
operate by the expansive force for the steam only, in the manner of what are
called high pressure engines, and the steam is allowed to escape into the open
air after it has performed its operation; but I can apply the condensation of
the steam to produce a vacuum in the steam vessel which is elevated, and then
the expansive force of the steam admitted into the depressed steam vessel will
more readily transfer the ponderous fluid therefrom, and make it rise into
the elevated steam vessel. To produce the vacuum I apply the well-known
apparatus of air pump and condensor with an injection, the same as in steam
engines upon the principle of Mr. Watt; and I conduct the eduction or
exhaustion pipe from the said condenser to the turning joint at the centre of
motion of the beam, and by means of a cock or valve I open a communication
with the eduction pipe and that steam vessel which is elevated, and thus the
steam will be drawn off so as to form a vacuum in the elevated vessel. By
this means, both vessels being made to receive the action of the steam to
transfer the ponderous fluid from that which is depressed to that which is
elevated, the engine produces a continual action on the machinery which was
not so perfectly effected in my former Patent.
Secondly, another of my present improvements is in the construction of the
cock or turning joint which distributes the steam from the boiler to the said
steam vessel.
Thirdly, also an improvement in the manner of evacuating from the steam
vessels any small quantity of water which may be produced by the condensa-
tion of the steam admitted therein.
To render the Specification of my improvements more clear, and to shew
the manner in which they are applied to my former Invention, I have
hereunto annexed a Drawing of one of my methods of acting upon machinery
to which my present improvements are applied, and I wish to be understood
that I do not make claim by these presents to an exclusive privilege to make,
use, and vend the whole of what is explained by such Drawings, but only such
parts thereof as are marked by the small letters of the alphabet, whilst such
parts as are marked with the capital letters are such as are granted to me by
my former Patent of the Twenty-third day of May, One thousand eight
hundred and fourteen; and such parts as are marked with the numerical
characters are not of my Invention, but are common to other engines, and
are only introduced in the said Drawings to explain how they are to be applied

page_text: in concert with my improvements. The Drawing Figure 1 is an elevation or
upright section, and Figure 2 an horizontal plan of a machine of the nature
herein-before described, but in which mercury or fusible metal is employed for
the ponderous fluid. A, a, are the two steam vessels; B, C, the pipe of
communication between them, made of cast iron, and poised upon its centre
of motion D so as to be capable of vibrating in the same manner of a scale
beam, or like the working beam of a steam engine; 1, 1, is the frame support-
ing the said centre of motion; 2, 3, connecting rod and crank; 4, 5, wheel
and pinion, and 6 fly wheel, which parts are the same as in steam engines, and
may be constructed in various ways which are in common use; E, e, are the
pipes to conduct the steam from the two opposite passages f, h, of the cock,
as also shewn in Figure 2, to the top of the steam vessels A, a; the core or
plug of the said cock is fixed immoveably in the same line as the axis D or
centre of motion; the said plug is hollow within, and the steam pipe G is
jointed to one end of it so as to introduce steam from the boiler into the
hollow plug of the cock; g is the eduction pipe connected with the plug of the
cock at the opposite end, as shewn in Figure 2 and 3, and descending to the
condenser 7, which, together with the condensing cistern 9, 9, and air pump 8,
are the same as in steam engines, and may be put in motion either by the
rod 11 suspended from the beam B, C, or in any other convenient manner;
the box f, h, of the cock, to which the fixed plug F is accurately fitted, being
joined to the steam pipes e, E, the vibrating motion of the beam with the
vessels A upon its centre D, will produce a like motion of the box f, h, of the
cock around its fixed plug F. By this means the steam coming from the
boiler by the pipe G will be distributed as follows, the hollow or opening
within the plug F, into which the steam is introduced, opens at the lower side
of the plug as at 1, Figure 3, whilst the other hollow passage communicating
with the ejection pipe g, opens at the upper side of the plug, as at k, Figure
2, 3, the two passages within the cock having no direct communication.
When the beam is in a horizontal position, all the passages through the cock
will be closed and no steam can pass; but when the beam is moved, as in
Figure 1, so that one of the vessels A, is elevated and a depressed, nearly the
whole of the ponderous fluid, which is represented by a red colour, will occupy
the vessel a; at the same time by the inclination of the beam the passage f of
the cock will be brought to communicate with the opening 1, Figure 3, in the
lower side of the fixed plug F, and thus introduce steam from the boiler into
the vessel a, where it will act by its expansive force to displace the ponderous
fluid and make it pass through the pipe C, B, and rise into the vessel A, in
which vessel a vacuum will have been formed, because the passage h being

page_text: brought to correspond with the opening k, in the top of the plug F, there is
a communication from the vessel A, through E, h, k, and g, to the condensor 7.
The ponderous fluid being thus transferred to the elevated vessel A, will cause
the end B of the beam to descend and give motion to the crank; when the
vessel A has descended and a ascended, fresh steam from the boiler will be
admitted into A, whilst the steam contained in a will be drawn off to the con-
denser, and the ponderous fluid will be again transferred to the vessel a when
in the elevated position. By this means the machine is made to produce a
constant action upon the machinery 4, 5, 6, or otherwise, to pumps or other
machinery which may be suspended to the beam B, C, the same as in steam
engines.
My third improvement is shewn at m, Figure 1. It consists of two
dishes m, n, placed at a small distance asunder so as to leave a crack or
opening all round between the edges; from the interior space of these dishes
a pipe r proceeds, and is conducted through the side of the steam vessel and
joined to the steam pipes e or E; by this means, if any water is formed in the
steam vessels by the condensation of the steam, it will float upon the surface of
the ponderous fluid, and when the same rises up in the steam vessel, the water
will flow through the opening between the two dishes, and be retained in the
lower one m until it can flow off through the pipe r into the pipe E or e, and
make it escape through the cock to the condensor. At the same time, if the
ponderous fluid should dash up too high in the steam vessel, or strike up
against the cover thereof, it will not readily obtain admission into the space
between the two dashes m, n; a small hanging valve is applied at s in the
pipe r, which allows the water to flow freely from m to e, but will prevent the
steam from entering the steam vessel through the dish m, or it would displace
the water therefrom. In some cases the pipes r, r, instead of being joined to
the pipe e or E, may be carried separately to the cock, and thence the water
will be conveyed at once into the eduction pipe g, so as to avoid the danger of
the water obstructing the passage of the steam through the said pipes. The
form and construction of the apparatus may be varied considerably from the
Drawing without departing from the essential properties of the improvements
of which this is my Specification.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Moult, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventeen.
WILLIAM (L.S.) MOULT.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirteenth day of February, in
the year of our Lord 1817, the aforesaid William Moult came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifi-
cation aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statutes made for that purpose.