Improvements relating to the Furnaces of Steam Generators and the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 21st Aug., 1896-Accepted, 3rd Oct., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Furnaces of Steam Generators
and the like.
I, WILLIAM TOUGH MCIVOR, of 215 Cleveland Street, Birkenhead in the
County of Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows
This invention relates to the furnaces of steam generators and the like and has
for its objects the admission of beated air to the furnace gases to promote
complete combustion, and the protection of the furnace plates from the destructive
action which results when the flame impinges on the jointed portions thereof.
I will describe my invention as applied to the furnace of an ordinary Lancashire
boiler, but it will be understood that, with slight modification, it can be applied to
other types of boilers.
I fit, just behind the bridge of the furnace, a cylindrical structure composed of
say four segmental fire-clay tiles; when the four tiles are fitted in position they
form a short cylinder, the body of which is somewhat less in diameter than the
internal diameter of the furnace. This cylinder is formed with two flanges, one at
each end, the diameter of the flanges being equal to that of the furnace, and the
flanges being formed integral with the tiles, so that when in position an annular
cavity is formed between the furnace and the body of the tiles, the said cavity
being bounded laterally by the flanges. The flanges of the lower tiles, nearest
the fire-place, are cut away for some distance and corresponding openings are
formed in the end plate of the ash-pit so that air from the ash-pit can enter the
annular space. The air which so enters passes round the annular space, being
heated as it passes by the furnace plate and the hot body of the tile; when the
heated air reaches the crown of the tiles it passes into the flue through holes in the
body of the tiles and so mixes with the furnace gases and promotes combustion.
The flame from the furnace is usually so deflected by the bridge, in an ordinary
boiler, as to impinge upon the furnace plate, and the action is especially destructive
when the flame impinges on a jointed portion; it will be seen however from the
construction described that the fire-clay tiles not only form means for supplying
the heated air, but also form a protection for the plate against this action.
In the case of marine boilers it is found that the flame usually impinges on the
plates at that portion where the furnace is jointed to the tube plate, and in such
cases 1 form the fire-clay tiles so that they are adapted to curve round this
portion.
The tiles may be wedged in position and the joints made good with fire-clay.
Dated this 20ch a..
N
SLOAN & LLOYD BARNES,
Castle Chambers, 26 Castle Street, Liverpool,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements relating to the Furnaces of Steam Generators
and the like.
I, WILLIAM TOUGH MCIVOR, of 215 Cleveland Street, Birkenhead in the
County of Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the furnaces of steam generators and the like and has
for its objects the admission of heated air to the furnace gases to promote complete
combustion, and the protection of the furnace plates from the destructive action
which results when the flame impinges on the jointed portions thereof.
I have illustrated my invention in the accompanying drawings, in which
Figs. I, II, and III show the arrangement in the case of a Lancashire boiler,
and Figs. IV and V the arrangement in the case of a marine boiler. Fig. I is
a sectional elevation on the line A. A. of Fig. 11 and Figs. 11 and III are transverse
sections on the lines B. B. and C. C. respectively, of Fig. 1. Figs. IV and V are
analogous views to Figs. I and II, the sections being taken on the lines D. D.
Fig. V, and E. E., Fig. IV, respectively.
Throughout the drawings, similar parts are indicated by the same reference
figures, and in the case of sections, the direction in which they are viewed is
indicated by the small arrows placed adjacent to the letters denoting the plane of
section.
Referring in the first instance to Figs. I, II, and III, 1 is the furnace and 2 the
bridge; I fit in the furnace a cylindrical structure composed of four segmental
tiles 3, made of fire clay or other refractory material. It will be seen that the
section of the tiles is such that an annular passage 4 is formed which extends
circumferentially round the furnace and which is bounded on its four sides by the
body of the tiles, the flanges of the tiles, and the inside of the furnace. The section
of the two lowermost tiles, where they abut, is made solid, as shown in Fig. III,
the solid portions 5 forming a division wall.
Openings 6 are formed, on each side of the division wall in the flange nearest
the fire place, and air is led fom the ash pit through the two metal trunks 7 into
the annular space 4
The air enters in two streams, one on each side of the
division wall 5, and it is heated by the tiles and the furnace plate as it passes round
the annular space. At the crown of the tiles a series of holes 8 are provided, and
the air passes out through these holes and mixes with the furnace gases, and, by
promoting the combustion of any unconsumed carbon in the furnace gases, tends to
prevent the undue escape of smoke through the chimney.
The trunks 7 fit, at one end into the openings 6 in the flanges, and at the other
end into openings in the bridge support 9.
The course of the air is indicated by arrows in the drawings.
In applying my invention to marine boilers the arrangement is modified as shown
in Figs. IV and V.
The annular space is now formed by three segmental tiles 3¹ and it only extends
partly round the circumference of the furnace; the tiles rest on the bridge plate 10,
and the air enters from the ash-pit, in two streams through the openings 6¹ in the
bridge plate 10; as before the air passes round the annular space and passes into
the furnace through the holes 8.
In each case, the tiles in addition to forming the annular passage, serve to protect
the furnace from the action of the impinging Hame deflected by the bridge, and as
far as possible the tiles are placed where this action is most destructive. In the
case of marine boilers the section of the tiles is modified and a projecting flange 11

page_text: is formed which extends round the flange of the furnace as shown in Figs. IV
and V; this flange is carried round as far as the sides of the combustion chamber
allow.
The tiles may be wedged in position and the joints made good with fire clay;
and the shape and number of tiles is, of course, modified to suit the requirements
of each particular application of the invention."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. The improvement in furnaces of steam generators which consists in forming a
circumferential annular passage in the furnace by means of segmental tiles of
refractory material, and leading air from the ash-pit through the said passage to a
series of holes in the crown thereof through which the heated air passes and then
mixes with the furnace gases; substantially as described and illustrated.
2. The improvement in the furnaces of steam generators which consists in fitting
in the furnace a series of segmental tiles of refractory material adapted to form an
anuular passage to lead the air from the ash-pit to the crown of the furnace, and at
the same time, by means of suitable flanges, to protect the exposed parts of the
furnace; substantially as described and illustrated.
3. The improvement in furnaces of steam generators substantially as described
and illustrated in Figs. I, II, and III.
4. The improvement in furnaces of steam generators substantially as described
and illustrated in Figs. IV and V.
Dated this 20th day of August 1896.
SLOAN & LLOYD BARNES,
Castle Chambers, 26 Castle Street, Liverpool,
Agents for the Applicant.