IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING AND TWISTING MACHINERY
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Craven, Spinner and Manufacturer, and John
Crabtree, Managing Overlooker, both of Keighley, in the County of
York, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING AND TWISTING
MACHINERY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Craven and John
Crabtree at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd February
1881.
THOMAS CRAVEN, Spinner and Manufacturer, and JOHN CRABTREE, Managing
Overlooker, both of Keighley, in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SPINNING AND TWISTING MACHINERY."
Our Invention relates to an improvement in ring spinning and twisting
machinery described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to us, dated
January 29th, 1880, and Numbered 399, which has for its object the spinning or
twisting of fibrous substances by means of ring spinning in combination with a new
guide board, revolving guides, and metal carrier rollers, whereby a much softer
yarn is produced.
Our object is accomplished in the following manner :-In order to spin the
fibrous substance we pass the roving through revolving guides mounted behind
the back rollers of the spinning frame in place of the ordinary wire guides, which
revolving guides put twist into the roving, or vice versa, according to the speed
at which the guides are made to rotate, and according to the direction of the same.
The roving thus twisted, or vice versa, then passes through the back roller and
through the metal rollers which we substitute in place of the ordinary light wood
carriers. By means of this combination the fibre is effectually conducted to the
front rollers.
The spindles and ring rail are constructed and actuated in the manner described
in the before mentioned Specification, and in place of the ordinary guide board
with porcelain eyes, we substitute, mounted in a similar position, a narrow guide
board, the front edge of which is protected by a metal, glass, or other rod of hard
material.
The yarn in its travel from the front rollers to the bobbin is thrown with
considerable force through the air, which opens the twist, thus producing a soft

page_text: yarn, and by virtue of the vibrating yarn passing over and in contact with the
before mentioned rod on face of guide board (in lieu of the ordinary eyes which is
too confining for many classes of yarn), the yarn rolls on the same and lays the
rough or projecting fibres round the body of the yard thread, by which means a
soft and smooth yarn is produced.
When applying our Invention to cap spinning or twisting frames we secure on
to each stationary spindle our improved collar, upon which the ordinary tube and
wharl rests, and which are driven in the usual manner, but in our application the
tube and wharl do not move in a vertical direction. The traversing ring rail
builds the yarn on to the bobbins, producing a similar bobbin when finished to
what is made on the ordinary cap spindle, but the yarn is much softer to the touch
and smoother in appearance in consequence of the same passing through the air
and rolling on the rod of the guide board as before described.
When the frame is arranged for twisting, the yarn passes through the air and
over the rod or guide board, as before described for spinning.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Craven and John Crabtree in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 3rd August 1881.
THOMAS CRAVEN, Spinner and Manufacturer, and JOHN CRABTREE, Managing
Overlooker, both of Keighley, in the County of. York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SPINNING AND TWISTING MACHINERY."
Our Invention relates to an improvement in ring spinning and twisting machines
described in Letters Patent granted to us, dated January 29th, 1880, and
Numbered 399, and has for its object the spinning or twisting of fibrous substances
by means of ring spinning in combination with a new guide board, revolving
guides, and metal press rollers, whereby a much softer yarn is produced, and
consists in mounting revolving guides behind what is termed the back rollers,
through and between which the roving is passed, after which it passes between
metallic rollers whereby the roving is gradually drawn or reduced.
When spinning fibre with the ordinary worsted or with the cap spindle in com-
bination with the ring and traveller, we use a narrow guide board, the edge of
which is protected by a metal, glass, or other rod of hard material; and the yarn in
passing over this rod rolls upon the same, laying the rough or projecting fibres
round the body of the yarn threads, producing a soft and smooth yarn.
In what is termed cap spinning, according to our Invention we use the ordinary
spindle, but dispense with the cap, and substitute the ring and traveller for building
the yarn on to the bobbins, the traveller in each case, both with the ordinary
worsted and cap spindles, being made from a round piece of wire, and not flat as
hitherto in common use.
In the accompanying Drawings Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of a
spinning or twisting frame, one side of which (for the purpose of simplifying the
Drawings) is fitted with an ordinary worsted spindle, and the other with a cap
spindle; Figure 2 is an elevation of our metallic press rollers, the bottom rollers
being grooved; Figure 3 is an elevation of the upper portion of an ordinary cap
spindle, shewing the grooves for lubricating the ordinary tube; and Figure 4 is a
plan of our improved guide board, shewing the concavities which are arranged
opposite to each spindle for the purpose as hercafter described.
In order to manipulate short stapled wool we fix opposite to each spindle and
near to the back rollers of frame a revolving guide A, through which the roving is
passed. Motion to these guides is transmitted by cords in connection with pullies B
and B¹ secured on shafts extending the length of machine, and which are driven by
belts in connection with cylinder C, to which rotating motion is communicated in
the usual manner. By passing the roving threads through these revolving guides
we are enabled to twist the roving so as to hold the staple together whilst passing
through the draughting rollers. The roving, after leaving the revolving guides, passes
between the back rollers D, which are ordinary, and between metallic draughting
rollers E and E and F and F to the front rollers G and G.
The spindles H and ring rail J are constructed and actuated in the manner
described in the before named Specification, and in place of the ordinary guide
board with porcelain eyes we substitute a narrow guide board K, the front edge of
which is faced or protected by a rod K' of hard material, such as metal or glass, in
which is a slight concavity opposite to each spindle. The yarn in its travel from
the front rollers to the bobbin on the spindle is thrown with considerable force
through the air, thereby opening the twist and producing a soft yarn, and by virtue
of the vibrating yarn passing over and in contact with the rod K' (as above described)
on face of guide board, the yarn "rolls” in the concavity before mentioned, and lays

page_text: the rough or projecting fibres round the yarn thread, by which means a soft and
smooth yarn is produced from short stapled fibre.
When applying our Invention to cap spinning or twisting frames we conduct the
roving to the rollers in the manner as before described, and secure to each stationary
spindle our collar or support L, upon which the ordinary tube and wharl rests, and
which are driven in the usual manner.
The traversing ring rail M is attached to the lifter spindles N and traversed in
the same manner as the ordinary lifter rail, the traveller guiding and building the
yarn on the bobbins, producing when finished a similar bobbin to what is made on
the ordinary cap spindle, but the yarn is softer to the touch and smoother in
appearance in consequence of the same passing through the air and rolling in the
concave part of rod on face of guide board as before described.
In order to lubricate the cap spindle the full length of the tube we cut two
spiral grooves in same, one of the grooves turning to the right and the other
to the left; the oil follows the grooves, and thus effectually lubricates the tube the
full length.
What we claim as our Invention is,-
1. The combination of a ring and traveller with an ordinary cap spindle, sub-
stantially in the manner and for the purpose described and as illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
2. The combination of the revolving guides A with the rollers E and E¹ and F
and F, substantially in the manner and for the purpose described and as illustrated
in the accompanying Drawings.
3. The guide or wire board K having a concavity opposite each spindle,
substantially in the manner and for the purpose described and as illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
4. A ring and traveller and a fly spindle in combination with the revolving
guides and rollers mentioned in claim 2, substantially in the manner and for the
purpose described and as illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
5. A ring and traveller and a fly in combination with the guide or wire board
described in claim 3, substantially in the manner and for the purpose described and
as illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
.
In witness whereof, J, the said Thomas Craven, for and on behalf of myself
and the said John Crabtree, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this second
day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
eighty one.
Witness to Thomas Craven's signature,
THOMAS CRAVEN BLUNDELL.
THOMAS CRAVEN. (L.S.)