Coiling Steel Wire.
Year: 1885

page_text: Coiling Steel Wire.
I, PETER JENSEN Fel. Inst. P.A. of 33 Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of this Invention (a communication to me
from abroad by Johan Theodor Bernadotte Sidén, Horse Protector Manufacturer
of Nybo and Walbo in the Kingdom of Sweden) to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide convenient mode and means for
coiling hard drawn or hardened steel wire to cylindrical as well as conical spirals.
According to this invention the initial carrying capacity of the spiral is increased
by conducting the wire to the spindle by means of a tool provided with threads
into which the wire from the side of the tool along the axis of the spindle
reckoned from where the coiling takes place is forced in such a manner that the
wire is bending more or less over the last turn.
The manufacture of the spirals is effected in the following manner. When the
core or spindle, on which the spirals are to be coiled or wound, has been determined
upon as to its diameter for the purpose in view, for instance to horse protectors,
the spindle is secured in a turner's lathe or in another suitable contrivance, where
it may be caused to rotate at a suitable speed. The steel wire, which is obtained
in hoops, is placed on a reel adapted to the purpose and provided with shouldèrs
or pins for keeping together the wire ring. The reel is placed so near the aforesaid
spindle as possible without getting into contact, in order that the steel wire, when
passing from the reel to the spindle, may be straightened out as little as possible.
The spindle receives such a direction of rotation that it is revolving away from the
workman performing the coiling. The end of the steel wire running off the reel
is fixed to one end of the spindle, which is caused to make some turns for winding
up the wire a little. Then the wound up wire is clasped by a pair of pincers..
The pincers have two legs, united by means of a joint-hinge, at the inner sides of
which legs are part circle recesses with screw threads at one, two or more places.
These parts of thread form respectively in either leg about one fourth of a turn of
the thread. In the upper leg are two parts of a thread belonging to the same
thread as the part of thread in the lower leg. The size and the pitch of the threads
are adapted to the diameter of the wire to be wound upon the core. The ridges
between the grooves or threads may however not penetrate between the particular

page_text: coils of the steel wire so as to separate them. The different threads in the legs of
the pincers are destined to wind wire of different thickness on cores of different
diameter, whereby the same pincers may serve for cores and wires of different
thickness. As already mentioned these pincers pinch around the coils wound up
upon the spindle in such a manner that the thread in the lower leg is placed upon
the last turn and the two threads in the upper leg are placed upon the two last
turns. The legs of the pincers are then pressed together by means of a ring, a
screw or in any other suitable manner whereupon the spindle is caused to rotate
some turns, while the legs of the pincers are still pinched a little, however not so
strongly as to damage the wire. That part of the wire leaving the reel, which
before was on that side of the leg, towards which the unrolling takes place, is now
drawn over to the opposite side, or that, from which the wire is coming, and placed
in a groove or recess made into a guide piece adjustable across the lower leg of the
pincers. This piece is fixed in a slide running on a guide on the lower leg and
which slide may be secured at the required place by means of a screw or in some
other suitable way. Thereby that the wire enters from this side of the pincers
the running part of the wire will be bent towards the last made turn, whereby
the different turns of the spiral after the latter has been taken off the spindle,
get a tendency to pressing one against another, which would not be the case,
if the wire were caused to enter into the pincers from the opposite direction.
As the wire is forced down upon the spindle at the point of contact of the outer
threads the wire can be bent more over the last turn. The extent of this bend
is regulated by conducting the groove in the aforesaid adjustable guide piece
farther off or nearer to the leg, and on the size of this bend depends the initial
carrying capacity of the finished spiral and thus its greater value. In order to
prevent the wire from sticking fast in the threads, a lubricating wick is fixed at a
suitable place for moistening the wire with oil.
In the manufacture of conical spiral springs or conical spirals at the ends of a
helix or cylindrical spiral, as for instance to horse protectors, the proceeding is the
same as described above. The cylindrical spiral is cut to a suitable length and the
ends of the spiral are carefully annealed at the parts to be made conical but
the annealing must not extend to that part, which shall remain cylindrical. If the
spiral is to be extended, this operation must take place first, whereby care should
be taken that the coils which are to be made conical are to be placed as closely
one to another as originally and the spiral is held in this position until the ends
have obtained a conical shape. The tool to be used for this purpose resembles that
described above, but differs from it therein that the recesses made in the legs and
provided with threads are not round but consisting of two sides of a hexagon or
octagon. By this disposition the advantage is obtained, that not so many grooves
are needed in the tool for rendering the threads suitable for the tapering cone.
The spiral and the cone are pinched by the tool as described above about the
previous tool and both are made to rotate while the tool is pressed together more
and more. If the wire is thicker than that the work can be performed by hand, the
tool may be so arranged that one leg of the pincers is prolonged and fixed in a table,
while the other leg is provided with a handle for being more easily pressed down.
The cone and the spiral may also with the view of being turned round, be introduced
and secured in a lathe-shaped machine arranged for the purpose in a suitable
manner. The manufacture of conical spiral springs is proceeded with, in a manner
similar to that above described for cylindrical spirals, only with the difference that
a conical spindle is substituted for a cylindrical one,

page_text: Improvements in the Mode of and Tools or Apparatus for
Coiling Steel Wire.
I, PETER JENSEN Fel. Inst. P.A. of 33 Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to
me from abroad by Johan Theodor Bernadotte Sidén, Horse Protector Manu-
facturer of Nybo and Walbo in the Kingdom of Sweden) and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide convenient mode and means for coiling
hard drawn or hardened steel wire into cylindrical as well as conical spirals.
According to this invention the initial carrying capacity or strength of the
spiral is increased by conducting the wire to the spindle by means of a tool
provided with threads into which the wire from the side of the tool along the
axis of the spindle, reckoned from where the coiling takes place, is forced in such a
manner that the wire is bending more or less over the last turn.
And in order that this invention may be better understood I have hereunto
annexed a sheet of drawings illustrating the same in which Figure 1 shews in
front elevation and Figure 2 in plan, a tool for coiling steel wire constructed
according to this invention; Figure 3 is a cross section on line a, b, Figure 4
section on line c, d, and Figure 5 section on line e, f. Figure 6 represents in front
elevation, Figure 7 in plan, and Figure 8 in cross section on line g. h. of Fig. 6 a
modified form of tool and adapted for making conical steel spirals.
The manufacture of the spirals is effected in the following manner :- -When the
core or spindle A, on which the spirals are to be coiled or wound, has been
determined upon as to its diameter for the purpose in view, for instance to horse
protectors, the spindle is secured in a turner's lathe or in another suitable con-
trivance, where it may be caused to rotate at a suitable speed. The steel wire a,
which is obtained in hoops, is placed on a reel not shown on the drawings, adapted
to the purpose and provided with shoulders or pins for keeping together the wire
ring. The reel is placed so near the aforesaid spindle A as possible without getting
into contact, in order that the steel wire a, when passing from the reel to the
spindle, may be straightened out as little as possible. The spindle A receives such
a direction of rotation that it is revolving away from the workman performing the
coiling. The end of the steel wire running off the reel is fixed to one end of the
spindle, which is caused to make some turns for winding up the wire a little.
Then the wound up wire is clasped by a pair of pincers. The pincers have two
legs B and B¹ united by means of a joint hinge B*, at the inner sides of which legs,
are part circle recesses with screw threads at one, two or more places. Two such
recesses are shown on the drawings Figures 1 to 5 at C and C. These parts of
thread form respectively in either leg about one fourth of a turn of the thread..

page_text: In the upper leg B' are two parts of a thread belonging to the same thread as the
part of thread in the lower leg B. The size and the pitch of the threads are
adapted to the diameter of the wire a to be wound upon the core A. The ridges
between the grooves or threads may however not penetrate between the particular
coils of the steel wire so as to separate them. The different threads in the legs of
the pincers are destined to wind wire of different thickness on cores of different
diameter whereby the same pincers may serve for cores and wires of different
thickness. As already mentioned these pincers pinch around the coils a wound up
upon the spindles A in such a manner that the thread in the lower leg B is placed
upon the last turn and the two threads in the upper leg B¹ are placed upon the
two last turns. The legs of the pincers are then pressed together by means of a
ring, a screw, or in any other suitable manner whereupon the spindle is caused to
rotate some turns, while the legs of the pincers are still pinched a little, however,
not so strongly as to damage the wire. That part of the wire leaving the wheel
which before was on that side of the leg towards which the unrolling takes place,
is now drawn over to the opposite side, or that, from which the wire is coming and
placed in a groove or recess 6 Figure 2 made into a guide piece E adjustable across
the lower leg B of the pincers. This piece E is fixed in a slide F running on a
guide F on the lower leg B and which slide F may be secured at the required
place by means of a screw G or in some other suitable way. Thereby that the
wire enters from this side of the pincers the running part of the wire will be bent
towards the last made turn, whereby the different turns of the spiral after the
latter has been taken off the spindle get a tendency to press one against another,
which would not be the case if the wire were caused to enter into the pincers from
the opposite direction. As the wire is forced down upon the spindle at the point
of contact of the outer threads the wire can be bent over the last turn. The
extent of this bend is regulated by conducting the groove e in the aforesaid
adjustable guide piece E further off or nearer to the leg B and on the size of this
bend depends the initial carrying capacity or strength of the finished spiral and
thus its greater value. In order to prevent the wire from sticking fast in the
threads a lubricating wick not shewn on the drawings is fixed at a suitable place
for moistening the wire with oil.
In the manufacture of conical spiral springs or conical spirals at the ends of a
helix or cylindrical spiral, as for instance to horse protectors, the proceeding is the
same as described above. The cylindrical helix is cut to a suitable length and the
ends of the helix are carefully annealed at the parts to be made conical but
the annealing must not extend to that part which is to remain cylindrical. If the
belix is to be extended, this operation must take place first whereby care should be
taken that the coils which are to be made conical are placed as closely one to
another as originally and the spring is held in this position until the ends have
obtained a conical shape. The tool to be used for this purpose shewn at Figures 6,
7 and 8 resembles that described above, but differs from it therein that the recesses
made in the legs B and B¹ and provided with threads are not round but consist of
two sides of a hexagon or octagon as seen at H. By this disposition the advantage
is obtained that not so many grooves are needed in the tool for rendering the
threads suitable for the tapering cone. The spiral and the core are pinced by the
tool as described above about the previous tool and made to rotate while the tool
is pressed together more and more. If the wire is thicker than that the work can
be performed by hand the tool may be so arranged that one leg of the pincers is
prolonged and fixed in a table while the other leg is provided with a handle for
being more easily pressed down. The core and the spiral may also with the view
of being turned round, be introduced and secured in a lathe or similar machine
arranged for the purpose in a suitable manner. The manufacture of conical spiral
springs is proceeded with, in a manner similar to that above described for
cylindrical helices only with the difference that a conical spindle is substituted for
a cylindrical one.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim as the Invention communicated to me from abroad is
First. In coiling steel wire around a spindle, the mode of increasing the initial
carrying capacity or strength of the coil by conducting the wire to the spindle by
means of a special tool, provided with threads, into which the wire, from the side
of the tool, along the axis of the spindle reckoned from where the winding up takes
place, is forced in such a manner, that the wire bends more or less over the last
turn substantially as set forth.
Second. A tool for coiling steel wire into cylindrical or conical coils consisting
of a pair of pincers, the legs of which are provided with round or conical recesses
or threads adapted to the diameter of the wire to be coiled and on the one leg of
which is secured a slide F running on a guide and an adjustable cross piece E
having for purpose to guide and to lead the wire in the manner mentioned in the
first claim substantially as set forth.