IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPOONS, FORKS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPOONS, FORKS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES,
AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN."-A communication from
William Conractz. of Vienna.
Sealed the 5th December 1856, and dated the 12th June 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald.
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 12th June 1856.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPOONS, FORKS, AND OTHER SIMILAR
ARTICLES, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN," (communicated to me
by William Conraetz, of Vienna, à foreigner residing abroad,) to be as
follows:-
The spoon, fork, or other article is first cut out of a strip of rolled metal in
a rough shape or blank, shorter and narrower, but thicker than the spoon is
intended to be when finished. By the method adopted, hardly any wasto
of the material ensues. The rough shape is then brought to the length and
breadth which the spoon is required to have by passing it between rolls, but
to give it the proper breadth it must be introduced between the rolls at their.

page_text: ends, that is to say, in a direction at right angles to the direction in which
they are placed between the rolls to be lengthened; for this purpose the
standards in which the ends of the rolls are supported must be cut away or
hollowed out for the admission of the spoon.
To give the spoon its proper depth, I fit on the upper roll a collar or ring,
on to which I screw or otherwise connect cams, whereby the metal when passed
between the rolls becomes thinned towards the middle, and left thick at the
edges, and otherwise properly shaped.
To engrave the spoon, instead of adopting the present expensive method of
using engraved rollers, I fit on the upper roll (of two plain flattening or
finishing rolls) a collar with an engraved surface, or having an engraved block
fixed thereon, which forms a mould, stamp, or die, and I place the spoon
between this and a matrix or counter die, which supports the spoon, and is
made flat on its under surface, so as to slide on the lower roll. The spoon
between the die and counter die becomes engraved under the action of the
rollers. To prevent it from shifting away from the counter die, or becoming
misshaped, I pass over the latter and the spoon a removeable ring or ferrule
which holds the two firmly together during the operation.
: I have in the foregoing description explained the Invention with reference
to the manufacture of spoons only, but the same method applies equally to the
manufacture of forks, and other similar articles.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 10th December 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, IIer heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and a

page_text: at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPOONS, FORKS, AND OTHER SIMILAR
ARTICLES, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN," (communicated to me
from William Conractz, of Vienna, (a foreigner residing abroad,) upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that
is to say.
This Invention consists in the following method of manufacturing spoons
and other similar articles, and in certain improved machinery employed
therein.
The spoon or other article is first cut out of a strip or sheet of rolled metal
in a rough shape or blank, shorter and narrower, but thicker than the spoon
or other article is intended to be when finished, and these blanks are of such
The
a form, and so cut out that hardly. any of the material is wasted.
rough shape is then brought to the desired length and breadth between rolls,
but to give it the proper breadth it is introduced between the rolls at their
ends, that is to say, in a position or direction at right angles to that in
which they are inserted to be lengthened, and for this purpose the standards
or frames in which the ends of the rolls are supported are cut away for the
admission of the blank or partially formed article.
To give the spoon or other article its proper concavity or bowl shape, and to
engrave it, the Inventor fits on the upper roll of a pair of plain flattening rolls
a collar fitted with dies or moulds for giving the concavity, and with an
engraved surface, or provided with an engraved block of the proper device or
pattern, which forms a mould or die for engraving it, and he places on the
lower roll a matrix or counter mould made smooth at bottom, so as to slide on
the roll, or it may be otherwise mounted thereon. The spoon or other article.
to be shaped and engraved is introduced between the dies or engraved surfaco

page_text: on the upper roll, and the matrix on the lower roll, by which under matrix it
is supported. A removeable collar or ferrule is passed over the under matrix
and the spoon (or other article) while being engraved, which holds them
together, preventing the latter from shifting or becoming misshapen between
the rolls.
The annexed Drawings shew the manner in which the Invention is carried
into. effect, supposing, for example, the improvements to be applied to tho
manufacture of spoons.
Figure 1 represents a strip of rolled metal a, b, c, d, from which the blanks
or rough shapes f,f, aro cut out in such manner that there is no metal wasted,
except just at the part e, e. Figure 2 shews one of these blanks f cut out and
detached, the piece being shorter and narrower than the spoon is to be when
finished. The blank is subjected to the action of a pair of rolls, in order to be
lengthened, (as in Fig. 3, and widened (as in Figures 4, 5, and 6.) Figure 7
is a side view of a pair of rolls suitable for the purpose; Figure 8, an end
view of the frame h; and Figure 9 an end view of the frame g. j. j', are the
rolls; g and h, standards or frames in which they are mounted. The frame
is cut away, as shewn at i, and the spoon is inserted through this opening i
between the ends of the rolls, in order to be brought to the proper breadth.
7c, Figures 10 and 11, is a collar for giving the spoon its proper concavity, or
for shaping the bowl; this collar is attached to the upper roll j, by pins,
screws, or otherwise, and moulds or dies m, m, are connected to the collar by
screws or other means, whereby, as the rolls revolve, the spoon is hollowed out
in certain parts, the metal being thinned towards the middle, and left at the
proper thickness towards the edges. n (Figures 12 and 13) is a collar for
engraving the spoon; this collar is fixed to the upper roll, and has an engraved
surface or block. Under the engraved part the spoon is placed resting in a
countermould or matrix o shewn in Figures 14, 15, 16 and 17, the under
surface of which is made smooth, and slides on the lower roll 3, and between
these pieces n and o the spoon is engraved. p, Figure 18, is a ferrule or
collar which is fitted over the spoon, and the lower mould for keeping the
spoon, while being engraved, from shifting, and thereby becoming misshapen.
The ferrule comes off the matrix, slips away from behind, and the spoon
completed (Figure 19) drops into a suitable receptacle.
Between the parts of the process the useless pieces which constitute the
waste are stamped off and removed.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,―
First, the method of cutting out spoons and other similar articles from a

page_text: strip or sheet of metal in rough shapes, or blanks, in the manner herein-before
described.
Second, the imparting of the proper length and breadth to spoons, and
other like articles by rolls, in the manner herein-before described.
Third, the employment of collars, fitted with moulds, for giving spoons and
like articles the desired concavity, and also of collars having engraved surfaces
or blocks for engraving them, also of matrices for supporting them, and of
ferrules for holding them while being engraved, all as herein-before described.
And, fourthly, the improvements in machinery for carrying out the Inven-
tion herein-before described and represented in the Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of December, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-six.