IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Bywater, of the Firm of Pearson and Spurr,
of Birstal, in the County of York, Machine Makers, Charles Bedford, of
Birstal aforesaid, Manager, and Thomas Kershaw, also of Birstal aforesaid,
Mechanic, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD APPARATUS
EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Bywater, Charles
Bedford & Thomas Kershaw at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 10th September 1880.
JAMES BYWATER, of the Firm of Pearson and Spurr, of Birstal, in the County of
York, Machine Makers, CHARLES BEDFORD, of Birstal aforesaid, Manager, and
THOMAS KERSHAW, also of Birstal aforesaid, Mechanic. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
JACQUARD APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates, firstly, to the jacquard needles. Hitherto as they are at
present constructed the slot formed in the needle is worn or elongated by the
frictional contact of the jack books as they pass up and down the said slot, and in
course of time tho slot is so much enlarged as to prevent the proper working of the
jack hook. To prevent the slot wearing away, we place on one end of the needle A
(see Fig. 1) a loose piece B kept up to its place against the jack book C by a
spiral spring D, so that as the loose piece wears away by the frictional contact of
the jack hook the spring pushes the loose piece B forward, and the slot in the needlo
is not enlarged as at present. When the loose pieces B are worn away, as in time
they will be, they can easily be replaced by new ones. Secondly. The object of this
part of the Invention is to dispense with the use of the spiral springs at present
employed for operating the jacquard needles after they have been "pegged" by the
pegging cylinder. For this purpose we employ a projection E (see Figs. 2 and 3)
formed on the bottom part of the jack hook C bearing upon the ordinary lifting
or levelling roller F, so that when the weight of the "gear shafts" bring down the
jack lever G the top ends C' of the jack hooks C will be brought into position for
lifting. The fulcrum of the jack hook is at H. Thirdly. In the present construction of
TD all

page_text: apparatus the jack hooks on being "pegged" off the lifting bar drop with their
whole weight onto the lifting or levelling roller in consequence of their being pegged
off the lifting bar before the levelling roller has come into contact with the jacks
for the purpose of levelling them. To prevent the dropping of the jack hooks onto
the levelling roller is the object of this part of our Invention, and this we accomplish
by means of the slot J (see Fig. 4) formed in the ordinary eccentric K. employed for
operating the pegging cylinder. Upon tho rack shaft L is placed a boss M, having
a flange and cam like projection N carrying a pin or stud P working in the slot J,
such pin causing the revolutionary movement of the eccentric K. In consequence
of the rack shaft having a backward and forward motion it will be seen that at
each of such motions the slot allows the eccentric to stop or dwell a sufficient length
of time, by which means the pegging cylinder after its forward movement will
remain stationary holding the jack hooks and preventing them returning into the
lifting bars before the lifting bars have passed the hooks of those which are being
pegged off the lifting bar. By this means the noise caused by the drop of the jack 1
hooks is prevented and many breakages of the jacks are avoided.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, and of an
Order of the Lord Chancellor, filed by the said James Bywater, Charles Bedford,
& Thomas Kershaw in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th April
1881.
JAMES BYWATER, of the Firm of Pearson and Spurr, of Birstal, in the County of
York, Machine Makers, CHARLES BEDFORD, of Birstal aforesaid, Manager, and
THOMAS KERSHAW, also of Birstal, Mechanic. “IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD
APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates,-
Firstly. To the jacquard needles. Hitherto, as they are at present constructed, the
slot formed in the needle is worn or elongated by the frictional contact of the jack
hooks as they pass up and down the said slot, and in course of time the slot is so
much enlarged as to prevent the proper working of the jack hook. To prevent the
enlargement of the slot lengthwise and avoid "jack drops " and improper working
of the jack hooks is the object of the first part of our Invention, which will bo
easily understood on reference to the Drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is section of a
jacquard grate, in which is placed a needle having our improvements applied
thereto. A is the needle, K. the grate, and C the jack hook, all as ordinary con-
structed. Our Invention is shewn at B, which is a block or loose piece fitting on
the shank of the needle A and kept up against the jack hook C by the pressure of
the spiral spring D. It will be seen that by the constant upward and downward
movement of the jack hook that the slot in the needle would be cut away or
elongated; a like effect would also be produced in the loose piece B, but the pressure
of the spiral spring pushes the loose piece up against the jack hook, by which means
the space or size of slot is always the same, consequently the jack hook is always
forced on the lifting bar. Our Invention is particularly useful in regard to needles
where the slot has become so large to prevent the needle being of any further use,
as by the application of the "block or loose piece the needle is rendered capable of
being used again. When the blocks or loose pieces are worn away, as in time they
will be, they can be replaced by new ones. Fig. 2 shewa elevation of a needle
detached, and Fig. 3 shews loose piece dotached.
"
Secondly. This part of our Invention will be readily understood on reference to
Fig. 4, which is eloveation of sufficient mechanism as is necessary to illustrate our
improvements. A is an ordinary jacquard needle shown in position in the grate,
C is the jack hook, and G the jack lever. The jack hook and needle are shown in
the position they assume after they have been "pegged" by the pegs a on the lags
passing around the pegging cylinder I. It will be understood that immediately the
pressure of the pegs a are removed off the needle A that the spiral spring at present
employed pushes the needle forward, so that the jack hooks can be lifted by the
sliding bar J, and the appointed "shed" opened thereby. Instead of using a
spiral spring for the purposes described we employ a toe piece or projection E,
formed on the bottom of the jack hook C, resting and bearing upon the ordinary
lifting or levelling roller F, so that immediately the weight of the "
gear shaft
brings down the jack lever G the upper end of the hook C will be tilted or brought
into position for lifting, as shown in Fig. 5. The fulcrum of the jack hook is
at H.
"
Having now described our Invention, and shewn how the same is to be
performed or carried into practice, we would have it understood that we claim,―
Firstly. The use and employment of the blocks or loose pieces B for the purpose
substantially as herein shewn and described.

page_text: Secondly. The formation of the toe or projection E on the jack hook for the
purpose substantially as herein shewn and described.
-
In witness whereof, I, the said James Bywater, for and on behalf of myself
and the said Charles Bedford and Thomas Kershaw, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Second day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.