Improvements in Steam Motors.
Year: 1893

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Motors.
A communication from JOHN ABELL, of the City of Toronto, in the County of
York, Province of Ontario, Canada, Manufacturer.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent-do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of the invention is to provide a simply constructed variable cut-off
engine in which the full boiler pressure is secured and the valve seats easily kept
in order, and it consists, essentially, of a cylinder provided with a steam reservoir
within the body of the cylinder and in direct connection with the boiler and com-
municating with the interior of the cylinder through short ports located one at
each end of the cylinder, removable valve seats located at each end of the cylinder
at the mouth of the short ports and carrying grid iron valves operated by simple
mechanism in direct connection with the governor, the whole being constructed in
detail substantially as hereinafter more particularly explained.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the device partially broken away to expose the
interior formation.
Figure 2 is a sectional view showing the location of the valve seats at the interior
mouth of the short cylinder port.
Figure 3 is a perspective detail of the valve seats and valves.
In the body of the cylinder is formed in the casting what may be termed a
steam reservoir A of any suitable shape and size. This reservoir communicates
direct with the boiler and is lagged or otherwise protected so that there shall
practically speaking, be no condensation. At each end of this reservoir and at the
end of the cylinder is formed a cylindrical chamber B which is connected by a
short port C to the interior of the cylinder and to the exhaust port D as shown.
E represents a plug divided into two parts and shaped to fit the chamber B both
being slightly tapered so that the plug can readily be made a steam tight fit for the
chamber and at the same time be readily removed when desired.
Two valve seats F and Gare formed in the plug E a space being left between
the two, which space communicates with the port C.
Grid iron openings are forined in the seats F and G and the valves H and I
with corresponding openings being provided. The valve H is placed on the
seat F forming a cut-off between the reservoir A and the short port C as indicated
and the valve I forms a cut-off between the short port C and the exhaust port D
as shown.
As indicated in Figure 1 a single steam valve H and a single exhaust valve. I is
provided for each end of the cylinder and each pair is operated by the following
simple gear.
Jis a spindle of the valve H. On the end of this spindle J is formed or con-
nected a head K which is connected as indicated to an arm L. This arm is
pivoted on a bracket M and has fixed to it the two arms N and O, the arm N
being connected to a spring or dash pot set so that its tension shall hold the
valve H closed. On the end of the arm O, a bar P is pivoted and on the end of
the bar Pa hook a is formed.
Qis a cam or wiper fixed to the rod R which is connected to and revolves by
some suitable moving part of the engine. This wiper revolves in the direction
indicated by arrow and is designed to engage with the hook a at each revolution
drawing upon the bar P to the extent of the engagement between the wiper Q and
hook a, the bar P being connected to the arms Ŏ and L as before described.. This

page_text: engagement of the wiper Q with the hook a will open the valve H according to
the distance that the bar P is pushed upon by the wiper Q and the instant the
wiper clears the hook a that instant the valve H is closed by the action of a
spring or dash pot which is connected as before described to the arm N.
In order to make the opening of the valve H variable to suit the load being
carried at any particular time there is provided a governor gear constructed as
follows:-
:―
The spindle S of the governor is geared to the rod R by the bevel wheels V
and Y so as to revolve with the said rod.
A sleeve T is loosely fitted onto the spindle S and the top of it is connected to
the arms of the governor balls U the bottom of the sleeve being connected to the
housing Z which protects the gear wheels V and Y and is supported solely by the
sleeve T.
A crank b is fixed to the sleeve W on each side of the housing Z and is connected
to the said housing by a pin d.
The bottom of the spindle S rests upon a bracket e which extends from the bottom
of the cylinder as indicated.
Should the speed of the rod R be increased beyond its normal motion, the
governor balls U will immediately act upon the sleeve T which being connected
to the housing Z as described will raise the said housing, and owing to the connection
described the elevations of the housing will act upon the cranks thereby causing
the sleeve W to rock on the rod R and as there is a finger X fixed to and
extending from the sleeve W immediately below each bar P, the rocking of the
sleeve W moves the finger X so as to raise the bar P, raising its hook a so that
it will be in contact with the wiper Q for a shorter time than when the engine is
running at its normal speed, consequently each valve H will only be open in
proportion to the quantity of steam required.
The spindle of each exhaust valve I is provided with a head similar to the
head K on the spindle of the valve H, and a crank arm engages with the said
head as shown. This crank arın fis pivoted on the bracket M and has a loop
arm g connected to it.
An eccentric or cam is placed within the loop of the arm 9 and is fixed to the
rod R the whole being arranged so that the revolving of the arm R shall cause the
cam to act on the loop arm g which being connected as before described to
the valve I the said exhaust valve is opened and closed as required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inveu-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A cylinder having a steam reservoir formed in its body and connected to a
steam boiler, in combination with valves and valve seats located at each end of the
reservoir for the purpose of controlling the cylinder; substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
2. A steam valve fitted onto a grid iron valve seat located between the steam
reservoir and short port leading to the interior of the cylinder; substantially as
and for the purpose specified.
3. A steam valve fitted onto a grid iron valve seat located between the steam
reservoir and short port leading to the interior of the cylinder in combination with
a valve and valve seat located between the short port leading to the interior
cylinder and the exhaust port, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
4. A cylindrical chamber formed in the end of the steam reservoir and com-
municating with the short port leading to the interior cylinder and the exhaust
port, a divided plug fitted tightly into the chamber a separate valve seat being
formed on each half of the plug and the space between the two halves located
so as to communicate with the short port; substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
5. A pivoted arm connected to the spindle of the steam valve and having two

page_text: arms extending from it one arm connected to a spring or dash pot and the other
arm provided with a pivoted bar in combination with a revolving wiper arranged
to periodically connect with a hook formed on the end of the said pivoted bar;
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
6. A pivoted arm connected to the spindle of the steam valve and having two
arms extending from it one arm connected to a spring or dash pot and the other
arm provided with a pivoted bar in combination with a revolving wiper arranged
to periodically connect with a hook formed on the end of the said pivoted bar
and with a lifting finger operated by a governor; substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
7. A pivoted arm connected to the spindle of the steam valve and baving two
arms extending from it, one arm connected to a spring or dash pot and the other
arm provided with a pivoted bar in combination with a revolving wiper arranged
to periodically connect with a hook formed on the end of the said pivoted bar
and with a lifting finger connected to a sleeve deriving a rocking movement from
the vertical adjustment of the sleeve on the governor spindle; substantially as and
for the purpose specified.
8. A horizontally revolving rod having fixed to it a wiper arranged to
periodically connect with a hook formed on the bar connected as described to the
steam valve-spindle a vertical spindle carrying the governor balls and geared to
the horizontal rod in combination with a sleeve fitted onto the vertical spindle and
connected to the arms of the governor balls at one end and to the housing at
the opposite end a crank connected to a sleeve fitted onto the horizontal bar
and connected to the vertically adjustable housing; substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
Dated this 13th day of June 1893.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.