AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE BLAST OF FURNACES, AND WHICH I DESIGNATE AS THE CALORIFIC BLAST, AND WHICH INCREASES THE EFFECTIVE POWER OF FURNACES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Morton Pickslay
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Peti-
tion, on the 31st December 1852.- Communication.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, WILLIAM MORTON PICKSLAY, of the City of Brooklyn, State of
New York and United States of America, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE BLAST
OF FURNACES, AND WHICH I DESIGNATE AS THE CALORIFIC BLAST, AND WHICH
INCREASES THE EFFECTIVE POWER OF FURNACES," to be as follows:-
The calorific blast is composed or made up of, as in ordinary
cases, of the blast pipe or pipe attached to the bellows and the
tuyere. These parts, however, are not connected together or of an
equal size as in blasts as usually constructed, but they each make a
seperate part, and are wholly disconnected with each other, and the
blast pipe is only about one-third of the diameter of the tuyere.
Figure 1, shows a small furnace representing the tuyere at B; the
short pipe C, inserted in it & removable at pleasure for the more
easy removal of cinders, &c. from the tuyere; which pipe is in fact

page_text: but an elongation of the tuyere, and the blast pipe D, both placed in
position. Figure 2, represents the blast pipe and tuyere seperately.
The end of the blast pipe D, is placed on a line with or slightly
within the pipe C, the elongation of the tuyerc, & occupies the
central part or space of the tuyere.
As soon as the bellows E, or any equivalent power, is put in action,
the current of air which is forced through the blast pipe D, into the
tuyere, creates a partial vacuum in the tuyere, into which the atmo.
spheric air immediately rushes, around the pipe D, and toward the
furnace. The result is, that atmospheric air, & consequently
oxygen, is supplied for combustion from two sources; first, and in the
smallest quantity from the bellows, and through the blast pipe D;
and second, and in much the greatest quantity, from the atmosphere
flowing into the tuyere B, around the pipe D.
The effect of this increased supply of oxygen for combustion is to
create a greatly increased temperature in the furnace, whereby sub-
stances are much more quickly heated or melted. Experiment in
fact demonstrates that metals of any kind with the use of the
calorific blast may be melted in about one third of the time required
by the ordinary blast and furnaces.
This arrangement of the blast pipe and tuyere may be applied to
furnaces & forges of every description, and to all modes of creating
heat by artificial means, from the common mouth blow pipe to the
furnaces or fires used in steam & other engines.
The proportionate size of the blast pipe & tuyere, the former
one-third of the latter, is the one generally made use of, though these
proportions may be varied, and as they are increased in size the blast
pipe should be rather more than one third of the diameter of the
tuyere. When necessary, a number of blasts may be attached to
one furnace or forge.
What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is, the con-
struction of a blast for furnaces, &c. substantially made, as before set
forth, of two seperate & distinct parts-the blast pipe and the
tuyere; and so placed relatively to each other that the current of
air forced through the blast pipe shall put in motion the air sur-
.

page_text: rounding it, and cause the air thus put in motion to flow into the
tuyere & be supplied to the furnace; thus furnishing a greatly
increased quantity of oxygen for combustion and increasing to a
great extent the heating power of furnaces, forges, &c.