A MALT AND OAT KILN OF CAST METAL IRON, UPON A CONSTRUCTION ENTIRELY NEW, AND ALSO BOTTOMS FOR BAKERS' OVENS OF THE SAME METAL
Year: 1783

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN, RICHARD CLARKE, of the Parish
or Free Chapelry of Brampton, near Chesterfield, in the County of Derby,
Esquire, sends greeting.
WHEREAS, upon the Petition of the said Richard Clarke, His present
Majesty King George the Third, by His Royal Letters Patent under the Great
Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster, the Fourteenth day
of November, in the twenty-fourth year of His said Majesty's reign, hath,
for Himself, His heirs or successors, given and granted unto the said
Richard Clarke, and to the executors, administrators, and assigns, especial
licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority, to make, use, exercise, and
vend, within that part of Great Britain called England, Dominion of Wales,
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, a certain Invention of "A MALT AND OAT
KILN OF CAST METAL IRON, UPON A CONSTRUCTION ENTIRELY NEW, AND ALSO BOTTOMS
FOR BAKERS' OVENS OF THE SAME METAL," in such manner as to him, the said
Richard Clarke, His executors, administrators, or assigns, or any of them,
shall in his or their discretion seem meet, and to have and enjoy the whole profit;
benefit, commodity, and advantage, from time to time coming, growing,
accrewing, and arrising by reason of the said Invention, to have, hold, exercise,
and enjoy the same to the said Richard Clarke, his executors, administrators,
and assigns, for and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years
from the date of the said Letters Patent next and immediately ensuing, and
fully to be compleat and ended, according to the Statute in such case made
and provided; in which said Letters Patent (amongst other things therein
contained) it is provided that if the said Richard Clarke shall not parti-

page_text: cularly describe and ascertain the nature of his said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under his
hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within four calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and
all liberties and advantages thereby granted, to utterly cease, determine, and
became void, anything in the said Letters Patent before contained to the
contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding, as in and by the said Letters
Patent, reference thereto being had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW THEREFORE KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Clarke, in
pursuance of the said Letters Patent, and of the said provisoc therein contained,
do hereby fully and particularly describe the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, in manner following
(that is to say-
The first part of the said Invention, to wit, the said malt and oak kiln, with
regard to its nature, is upon a construction entirely new, and to be made wholly
of cast metal iron, and is far superior to anything of the kind at present in
use, both for a considerable saving of coals a coaks and time, the kiln plates
now generally used being made of tile or pot clay, and full of holes, instead
of hair cloth and other articles which have also been made use of; and the
present invented plates being made of cast metal iron require less fire
and retain the heat longer than those made of tile or pot clay, or any other
materials now generally used for that purpose, and may be made square or
oblong, or of any other shape, by which they will join and be close to each other,
and of such size and dimension as the purchaser shall think proper. These plates
have a greater or less number of holes countersunk, or smaller upon the surface
of the plate than on the other side, for the purpose of admiting a greater
quantity of heat to the malt or oats laid to dry thereon; and the same may be
as advantageously used, and are superior to anything now generally used for
the purpose of drying camomile flowers, and all kinds of grain or other articles,
as well as malt or oates; and which new-invented plates are to be laid together
at the edges, so as to form and make a close joint, and are to be supported
over the fire or hearth by pillars and bearers or beams, with barrs or joists, all
made of cast metal iron; and the said kiln, with regard to its form, may be
made square, round, or of any other shape to suit the room wherein the
purchaser shall have occasion to fix the same, and is more particularly described
in and by the Plan annexed to these Presents, marked with the number "1,"
and in the Table of References thereunder written.
"
And as to the second part of the said Invention, to wit, the bottoms for

page_text: ovens, with regard to their nature, are also upon a construction entirely new,
and also to be made wholly of cast metal iron; and the same are also far
superior to anything of the kind at present in use, both with respect to saving
of fuel and time, and being sooner made hot, and retaining their heat longer
than stone, brick, or any other materials which are now generally made use of
for bakers' ovens; the same are to be made and to consist of flatt plates from
half an inch up to any thickness, and to be made square, oblong, round, or of
any other shape, and of such dimensions as shall be agreeable to the purchaser,
a Plan of which said oven bottoms of a round or circular figure is annexed
to these Presents, marked with the number "2," and the same is further
explained in the Table of References thereunder written; all which is a full
and true description of my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Clarke, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Eighth day of March, in the twenty-fourth year of the
reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the grace of God,
of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith,
and so forth, and in the year of our Lord One thousand seven

page_text: F, the upper bearers, barrs, and joists, which are upheld by the larger ..ones
below, and may be greater or less size, and of any shape; the number of these
is also discretional, and according to the size and shape of the kiln.
G, the short supporters which stand upon the upper. barrs (and may be
made of any shape and size), which may or may not be made use of at
discretion; but they are very useful in giving liberty to the heat to dispose
through every part of the flooring or the plates at top, by being fixed for the
corners of the plates to rest upon.
.H, the spash plate, or disperser of the heat, which is suspended from the
barrs or bearers above by chains or peices of iron, or is fixed with rings to go
above the pillars to slide up and down, both which ways it serves as a regester
or damper, by which to regulate the heat of the fire, or to extinguish it, as well
ás to disperse the heat through the whole kiln..
I, the chains or peices of iron. by which the disperser is. suspended..,(except
when it is fixed in another way)..
K, the cast-iron plates with holes in, which holes countersunk, or not
according to pleasure, and for the purposes they are designed... They cover
the upper barrs or joists, and so make a floor on the surface of the kiln,
whereon malt, oats, or any other kind of grain, seeds, flowers, &c are laid
to dry; the size, the shape, the numbe, and the thickness of the plates, are all
discretional, as well as the number of holes in éach.
.
L, the holes, which are made larger or smaller, round, square, or other shape,
countersunk or not, so according to their use or design, as some articles
require larger, some smaller holes, and may be more or less in each plate.
M, a curve or semi-arch, coming much into use, of brick or stone (except
where cast iron is prefered), which is the shape or rather the plan which is
described in the Drawing, tho' these cast-iron kilns are made use of where
there are none of these curves or semi-arches, and where the Patent kilns, will
answer an equally good purpose.
N, the doorway into the malt office.
:
REFERENCE TO THE DRAWING OF THE OVEN BOTTOMS.
Though it was supposed necessary to deliver in a Drawing of the shape of
the oven bottom plates upon one plan, yet, upon the principal of the present
Invention, the oven may be made round, square, oblong, sexagonal, octagonal,
oval, or any other shape whatever at discretion; accordingly the plates are
made of any shape whatever (so that they will join or lie close to each
other) as shall be most approved, and so as to form an oven of any required
shape, as circumstances may require, as want of room, &c. The thickness of