A New or Improved Paving.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 4th Apr., 1891
A New or Improved Paving.
1, CHRISTIAN CLAUSSEN, of No. 37, Emilienstrasse, Hamburg, in the Empire
of Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention consists in a new or improved paving suitable more especially for
roads. The paving consists of a foundation of concrete with a covering layer of
asphalt, within which latter are embedded forged or wrought iron ribs set on their
edges and of the same height as the thickness of asphalt. The concrete is pre-
ferably 20 centimetres thick and the asphalt 4 centimetres thick but these dimensions
may be varied according to the heaviness of the traffic.
The ribs are constructed of flat iron generally of a depth of 40 millimetres (being
the depth of the asphalt) and a thickness of 4 millimetres but also of any thickness
from 4 millimetres to 16 millimetres or even more at special places of the road
according to requirements. The ribs are preferably placed to cross each other and
for this purpose are provided at equal distances with notches of a width equal to
the thickness of the iron and extending from the one edge as far as the centre line
of the iron rib. The distance of the notches is equal and is as a rule 6 centimetres
from centre to centre, the last notches are 3 centimetres removed from the ends of
the rod. Each rod receives 6 notches as a rule, its length is therefore 36 centi-
metres according to the above. Six parallel rods are placed crosswise over six
other parallel rods the notches fitting one in the other so that they thus hold
together without other fastening and form a square lattice like frame. Besides this
complete or square frame with ribs half or triangular frames are constructed in a
similar manner.
The paving is laid or made by first spreading upon the complete and hardened
foundation of concrete a layer of asphalt or so called asphalt-paste of 20 millimetres
thickness. Before this layer becomes hardened, the frames previously heated are
placed thereon so that the rods are located diagonally to the direction of the road.
It will thus be necessary in the case of all lines such as curb-stones, tram-rails, etc.,
traversing the road in longitudinal or cross-direction to fiil up the gaps left
uncovered by the square frames by the half or triangular frames, and in this case
it is preferable to use frames with stronger rods or ribs especially next to tram-rails.
The separate frames are not placed absolutely in contact one with the other but
nevertheless are so placed that the rods or ribs of each frame are in a line with
those of the next.
When the heated frames have been placed in proper arrangement on the asphalt
they are pressed in by means of heated iron bars as far as the concrete foundation
and then a second layer of asphalt is applied having likewise a thickness of 20 milli-
metres its upper surface being levelled with the upper edge of the iron ribs of
the frames.
In the accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is a plan, and Fig. 2 a cross section of the paving.
Figs. 3 and 4 are illustrations of a part of the rib-frame and of a rib thereof
respectively on a larger scale.
A shows the concrete foundation, B the asphalt and C the forged iron ribs, which
may be combined to cover square or triangular spaces as C¹ or rectangular figures
other than squares such as C.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is: :―
1. A paving having a foundation and a surface layer of asphalt with iron ribs
set edgeways in said asphalt and of the same depth as the asphalt.
2. A paving having a foundation and a surface layer of asphalt with iron ribs
set edgeways in said asphalt and of the same depth as the asphalt, said ribs con-
sisting of parallel sets crossing each other.
3. A paving having a foundation and a surface layer of asphalt with rectangular
frames composed each of two parallel series of iron ribs notched and crossing cach
other, inserted in said asphalt and of the same depth as the asphalt.
4. A paving having a foundation of concrete, and a surface layer or layers of
asphalt with rectangular and triangular frames composed each of two parallel series
of iron ribs notched and crossing each other, said frames being of the same depth
as said asphalt and inserted therein with the ribs in line diagonally to the line of
the paving substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 17th day of February 1891.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.