Improvements in Injector Apparatus for Increasing the Pressure of an Air or Gas Supply for various Purposes.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Oct., 1898-Accepted, 17th Dec., 1898
Improvements in Injector Apparatus for Increasing the Pressure
of an Air or Gas Supply for various Purposes.
We, AUGUSTE LECOMTE, of 172, Avenue Victor Hugo, Engineer, and ISIDORE
LOESER, of 146, Boulevard Mágenta, Merchant, both in Paris, France, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus utilizing the
direct power of water to increase or raise the pressure of illuminating gas above
that at which the said gas is distributed in the pipes of the town, or again for
sucking in and driving or forcing back under slight pressure any description of
fluid, such for example as air.
The apparatus which will be hereinafter described, possesses a certain resem-
blance to water injectors, but instead of operating by drawing (or impulse) as
is the case in those apparati, our exhauster operates for the compression of the gas
by the creation of a regular homogeneous or solid liquid piston, which is renewed
without interruption, and which forces the fluid to be compressed into a diver-
gent or extension which forms the pump body.
To this novel feature is added an arrangement for regulation, and for safety,
called an automatic distributor, which is of very great efficiency.
And in order that our invention may be thoroughly understood we now pro-
ceed to describe the accompanying drawing thereof, reference being had to letters
and figures marked thereon.
Fig. 1, shows in section an automatic exhaust distributer with a float distri-
buter fitted with a valve.
Fig. 2, shows the ejecter, illustrating the special strength of the water jet
which should be obtained.
Fig. 3, shows the arrangement of the ejecter and of the divergent or extension
forming the pump body.
Fig. 4, shows the lower part of the exhauster with a distributing float with
drawer or valve.
Fig. 5, shows the water chamber of the exhauster with a float and an auto-
matic clack valve for distribution.
In Fig. 1, A represents the cock or valve for the admission of the water, B the
wire gauze filter, C the water discharge nozzle, D the gas chamber or reservoir,
E the gas suction pipe, F the divergent or extension, or pump body, G the con-
duit and pipe for the return of the compressed gas, H the pipe conducting the
gas compressed by the water piston into the lower chamber of the exhauster,
I chute or conduit for the water, J water chamber of the exhauster, K conical
valve for the return of the gas, L float guided by two stirrups or straps, M out-

page_text: flow pipe for the water, N out-go junction or union for the compressed gas for
feeding or supplying the gas burners.
In the Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5, like letters indicate corresponding parts.
In order to insure the efficient operation of the hereinafter described exhauster
it is necessary that the ejecter C, Fig. 2, should produce a very homogeneous
or solid cone of water, and not a cone of sprayed water but a conical sheet of
water well maintained having the shape shown in the fig.
It is very clear that by cutting this sheet of water on a plane situated more
or less in proximity to the orifice different results will be obtained, if the conc
of water be taken on a section of a large diameter, a large quantity of gas will
be forced back at a low pressure; on the contrary upon a small diameter a lesser
quantity will be forced back, but at a higher pressure. These considerations are
sufficient for guiding the choice of the diameter of the divergent or extension,
which should be placed below Fig. 3, and the conical form of which should be
in exact accordance with the outer portion of the cone of water.
The operation of the apparatus is extremely simple. It is sufficient to open the
cock or valve A, when the water, after having passed through the filter, will enter
the ejecter C, and issue out as we have already mentioned in the form of a conical
piston. This piston will drive the gas before it into the divergent or exten-
sion F, and a suction will be thus produced in the box D, and the gas will flow
out through the pipe E. The water and the gas descending at the same time
through the pipe Hand arriving in the water chamber J where they will become
separated; the gas escaping through the junction or union N, and passing to
the gas burner.
In accordance with the greater or lesser strength of the water pressure the
gas will be delivered at a greater or lesser pressure.
In other words, and for a same pressure of gas to be obtained, the aperture of
the ejecter C should deliver so much more water in accordance with the lowness
of the pressure of the water.
The water level in the chamber J beneath the orifice of the pipe M will fall,
to an extent corresponding to that which corresponds to the pressure of the gas
passing out through the aperture N.
It is here that the operation of the safety valve K and of the float L come
into play. It will be understood that if the gas were to stop flowing through
the out go junction N, either because the gas burners were turned off, or from
any other cause, the water continuing to run, the pressure in the box J would
continually increase, the water level would then likewise fall until it reached
the orifice of the pipe M and the gas would escape into the atmosphere.
Thanks, however, to the float this latter inconvenience is is obviated. When
the water has fallen sufficiently low, the float L as well as the valve K will also
descend, and the gas will ascend through the pipe G into the suction box or
chamber, the pressure cannot again increase and there will be no longer any fear
of losing any gas.
In Fig. 4, we have shown a modified form of our apparatus wherein the float L
is surmounted by a guide tube K telescoping upon the pipe G, and operating to
open or close an aperture in this latter in the same manner as a slide valve.
The float L might also be arranged to open a cock or valve or any equivalent,
device, the object of the operation of this apparatus being to prevent the pressure
and consequently the water level. from depassing a certain predetermined limit,
by causing the compressed gas to return into the suction chamber or box.
The float L shown in Fig. 4, has likewise another function. It terminates at
its lower extremity in a cone piece which, when the water has all escaped,
descends upon and closes the orifice of the water escape pipe M.
This arrangement only comes into operation in the event of there being no
water in the apparatus on account of its having been stopped working for a long
period, or from any other cause.
The modification illustrated in Fig. 5, is utilized in a case where it is impossible

page_text: to employ a large water chamber, the spherical float L is only intended to close
the pipe M in the event of their being no water in the reservoir, and the pipe C
is provided at its lower end with a valve box P fitted with a valve O kept in place
by a suitable spring.
The pressure is regulated by the tension of this spring, which allows the valve
to lift when the said pressure rises too high, and permits the gas to pass from the
chamber J through the pipe G into the gas chamber D, Fig. 1.
If the valve box l' and the pipe G were not employed the float L would be
sufficient to prevent any loss of gas by its escaping into the atmosphere, but a
regular pressure could not be maintained.
The above description shows that the exhauster affords every security. It may
be employed in the socles of candelabrums in order to raise the pressure of the
gas and cause intensive burners to operate under more favorable conditions or
again in dwelling houses for the same purposes or even for ordinary burners, in
the industries for blow pipes for soldering or melting metals, in fact wherever a
fluid under pressure is required, the automatic exhaust distributer raising the
pressure of the gas, or supplying air under pressure as may be desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. An apparatus constructed and operating as described with reference to and
shown in Figures 1 to 3 of the drawings.
2. In an apparatus such as herein above referred to the modifications shown in
Figures 4 and 5.
D
ו
100
2
1000
J. P. BAYLY,
18, Fulham Place, London, W.,
Agent for the Applicants.