Improvements in Carburetters for the Oil Engines of Motor Cycles and analogous Vehicles.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 20th June, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 25th Jan., 1899-Accepted, 25th Mar., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carburetters for the Oil Engines of Motor Cycles
and analogous Vehicles.
I, CHARLES THOMAS BROCK SANGSTER, a Director and Works Manager of the
Cycle Components Manufacturing Company Limited, of Bournbrook, near the
City of Birmingham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
This invention has relation to carburetters for the oil engines of motor cycles
and analogous vehicles, and has for its object principally, to preserve a given
area of oil surface in the evapourating chamber of the apparatus, so that the
quantity of vapour evolved from such surface is always constant, and this being
the case, when the said vapour is intermixed with atmospheric air, a uniform
mixture is always obtained.
The invention consists in providing a carburetter casing which is divided off
into an upper and a lower compartment, the lower one of which constitutes
the evapourating chamber whilst the other is an oil store or reservoir, with com-
munication made between the said chambers by a tube or sleeve passing the
reservoir, and having at its lower end, which is in communication with the
evapourating chamber, a small passage or hole, leading from the reservoir to
the said generating chamber and opened and closed by a valve controlled by a
rod, which is screwed and passes through a screw box at its upper end, and
terminates outside the casing in a hand wheel or the like, disposed in convenient
reach of the driver of the vehicle, and the rotation of which in one way or the
other, raises or lowers the valve and so regulates the size of the hole and con-
tracts the flow of oil, which is preferably petrol, benzoline or like light liquid
hydro carbon from the one chamber to the other.
In communication with the evapourating chamber, which has a considerable
air space between the surface of the oil contained therein and its roof, is an air
shaft, communicating with the outside of the casing, and having passing up it,
a stem or long stalk, with the outer end extending above the top wall of the
casing, and indicating, by the extent of its protrusion, the amount of oil within
the evapourating chamber, this being governed or effected through a float in
connection with the lower end of the stem floating upon and rising and falling
with the surface of the oil. Also in communication with the said evapourating
chamber, is a vapour shaft, passing upward to an air-inclusion valve from which
a combustible mixture of air and vapour is conveyed, through a pipe preferably
located within the shaft, to the engine or motor.
The oil, the level of which in the evapourating chamber is indicated by the
float and its stem, and kept constant by the regulated flow of oil from the reser-
voir through the needle valve, is kept at such a temperature as to assist its
evapouration, by means of a coiled or curved or horizontal zig-zagged pipe or
passages, through which heated air, or the hot exhaust from the cylinder of the
engine. is forced.

page_text: The level of the oil in the reservoir or oil-store may be indicated by a float
and stem which rises or falls with the said oil.
A portion of the casing of the apparatus is partitioned off into a chamber for
containing within it the electrical sparking apparatus for igniting the explosive
charges in the engine cylinder.
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Improvements in Carburetters for the Oil Engines of Motor Cycles
and analogous Vehicles.
I, CHARLES THOMAS BROCK SANGSTER, a Director and Works Manager, of the
Cycle Components Manufacturing Company, Limited, of Bournbrook, near the
City of Birmingham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention has relation to carburetters for the oil engines of motor cycles
and analogous vehicles, and has for its object principally, to preserve a given
area of oil surface in the evapourating chamber of the apparatus, so that the
quantity of vapour evolved from such surface is always constant, and this being
the case, when the said vapour is intermixed with atmospheric air, a uniform
mixture is always obtained.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a longitudinal vertical
section of a carburetter or combustible-vapour generator embodying my improve-
ments and applied to the framing of a motor-tricycle or like vehicle adapted to
be propelled by an oil engine.
Figure 2 is a transverse vertical section of the said carburetter upon the dotted
line, Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a front end view of the said apparatus, and
Figure 4 is a topside plan of the same.
Figure 5 represents an elevation, and Figure 6 a vertical section of the valve
or means provided for regulating or determining the rate of flow of oil from
the reservoir or storage chamber to the vaporizing chamber or generator.
Figure 7 is an underside plan of the head of the screwed regulating stalk.
Figure 8 represents a section of the mixing valve by which the amount of air
to be admitted to the oil vapour for forming the combustible mixture, is deter-
mined.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures
of the drawings.
According to this invention it is proposed to provide a carburetter casing a,
which is divided off into an upper chamber b, and a lower compartment c, the
lower one of which constitutes the evapourating chamber whilst the other is
an oil store or reservoir, with communication made between the said chambers
by a tube or sleeve d, passing from the bottom 1 of the reservoir b, and extend-
ing for a distance into the evapourating chamber, and with the part coming
within the reservoir being provided with a small hole c¹, leading from the reser-
voir to a valve f, adapted to control the flow of oil to the said generating cham-
ber. This valve is opened and closed by a controlling rod or stalk g, having a

page_text: conical lower end g¹, taking into a corresponding seating f¹, of the valve, whilst
its upper end is screwed at 92, and passes through a screw box h, fitted to the
top of the casing. The said stalk terminates outside the casing in a hand wheel
or other turn, disposed in convenient reach of the driver of the vehicle, and
the rotation of which in one way or the other, raises or lowers the coned foot end
of it from or onto the valve seating and so regulates the size of the passage g', and
controls the flow of oil, which is preferably petroline, benzoline or like light
liquid hydro-carbon from the one chamber to the other. A latch or catch of
suitable form is provided for automatically retaining the turn in its set position
and which may consist of a bolt i, sliding within the fitting h, and having
underneath it, a spring i, adapted to impel the nose end 2, of the said bolt, into
engagement with one or other of the series of notches or sinkings 95, on the
underside of the turn or regulator wheel. The regulator stalk is enclosed
throughout in a sleeve e2, which is continued into the fitting h, and forms
a guide for the stalk.
In communication with the evapourating chamber c, which has a consider-
able air space c¹, between the surface of the oil contained therein and its roof c³,
is an air shaft j, with its open upper end j', communicating with the atmo-
sphere outside of the casing, whilst passing up the interior of it, is an indicating
stem or long stalk k, with the outer end, extending above the top wall of the
casing and indicating, by the extent of its protrusion the amount of oil within
the evapourating chamber, this being effected by the employment of a float 3,
in connection with the lower end k, of the stem, floating upon and rising and
falling with the surface of the oil. Also in communication with the said
evapourating chamber, is a vapour shaft m, passing upward to an air-inclusion
valve n, from which a combustible mixture of air and vapour is conveyed, through
a pipe o, preferably located within the shaft m, and an external continuation o¹,
of it, to the engine or motor.
The said air-inclusion or mixing valve may be of any suitable construction,
but preferably consists of a body part n', provided with a pair of rotatable hollow
plugs 2, 3, each having necked ends n', extending outwards and adapted to be
fitted with handles or levers adapted to be turned by the driver either directly
or through the medium of links and other levers for both regulating the amount
of air to be admitted for mixing with the oil vapour and also for controlling
the passage of the mixture to the motor. The former operation is effected by
the plug n², which has holes no, no, adapted to be brought more or less coincident
with other holes n', n8, in the body of the valve and communicating respectively
with the atmosphere and the vapour shaft, whilst by turning the plug to such
an extent as to bring its holes opposite to the solid or unpierced parts of the
body, the admission of vapor and air is prevented altogether. The flow of
mixture from the valve to the motor is controlled by the other rotatable plug n³,
which has a single outlet n, adapted to be brought more or less over, or to be
taken altogether away from, the open end o², of the pipe o, leading to the motor.
It is understood that both plugs ³, ², are hollow and that carburetted air
passes from the latter to the former through their hollow interiors.
The height or quantity of oil in the evapourating chamber is thus indicated
to the driver by the float and its stem, and kept constant by the regulated flow
of oil from the reservoir through the needle valve, whilst it is further kept at
such a temperature as to assist its evapouration, by means of a coiled or curved
or horizontal zig-zagged pipe or passage such as p, arranged within the lower
part of the generating chamber and within the oil contained therein, and through
which heated air, or the hot exhaust from the cylinder of the engine is forced,
entering by way of the inlet p¹, and leaving by the outlet p², from whence the
exhaust usually passes to a silencer.
The level of the oil in the reservoir or oil store may be indicated or gauged
either by a gauge rod, such as q, having a screwed cap 2, taking into the
orifice 3, by means of which the reservoir is filled with oil, or I may employ for

page_text: this purpose, a float and stem which rises or falls with the said oil, similar to
that shown in conjunction with the evapourating chamber.
A portion of the casing of the apparatus is partitioned off into a chamber r,
for containing within it the electrical sparking apparatus for igniting the explo-
sive charges in the engine cylinder, whilst both the reservoir and the evapourat-
ing chamber are provided at their lowest points with outlets s, s¹, closed by screw
plugs or caps 2, 3, and through which their contents may be withdrawn, when
required.
The carburetter is attached to the framing t, of a machine, either by means of
clips such as u, or by other suitable means.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
First: In the carburetters of oil engines, the employment of an exteriorly-
operated regulator device, having an inner end or part, taking into the seating
of a valve or equivalent communicating between the oil reservoir and the eva-
pourating chamber, and by the raising or lowering of which, the size of the pas-
sage between the said chambers is increased or decreased and the flow of oil
from the one to the other is regulated, whereby a given area of oil surface may
always be preserved in the evapourating chamber and the evolution of vapour
kept constant, substantially as herein described and set forth.
Secondly: In the carburetters of oil engines, the combination with a regu-
lator device as referred to, of an automatic catch adapted to engage the hand
wheel or turn of the rod, substantially as and for the purpose herein described
and set forth.
Thirdly In the carburetters of oil engines, the employment of a float with
an indicating stalk extending to the exterior of the apparatus and adapted to
indicate the quantity or level of the oil contained in either of the oil chambers
thereof, substantially as herein described and set forth.
Fourthly: In the carburetters of oil engines, a vapour shaft proceeding from
the vaporizing chamber and having fitted within it, an air inclusion or mixing
valve for regulating both the amount of air to be admitted for mixing with the
vapour and controlling the passage of the combustible mixture to the motor,
substantially as described and set forth.
Fifthly: A carburetter for oil engines comprising a casing divided off inte-
riorly into an oil reservoir and a vaporizing chamber with an externally operated
regulator device controlling the flow of the oil from the one to the other and
with the evaporating chamber having a float and stalk for indicating the level
of the oil therein, a heating coil or equivalent for facilitating the evaporation,
and a vapor shaft leading to a regulatable mixing or air inclusion valve from
which the pipe to the motor proceeds, whilst the reservoir has also a gauge rod
or oil-level indicating float, and means for supplying and removing oil, and a
part partitioned off to form a receptacle for the sparking coil, the whole being
arranged, combined and operated, substantially as described and set forth.
Dated this 24th day of January 1899.
CHARLES THOMAS BROCK SANGSTER,
By Henry Skerrett,
24, Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.