IMPROVEMENTS IN WRENCHES OR SPANNERS FOR NUTS BOLTS OR PIPES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Jaines Drewry of Burton on Trent in the
County of Stafford Gentleman, Executor of William Morgan-Brown Patent
Agent of 38 Southampton Buildings London deceased for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WRENCHES OR SPANNERS FOR NUTS BOLTS OR PIPES."
Communicated to him from abroad by John Albert Dodge of Somerville
Middlesex Massachusetts United States and George Robert Marble of Boston
Massachusetts United States
•
23
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan-Brown' at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st March 1883.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN Patent Agent of 38 Southampton Buildings London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WRENCHES OR SPANNERS FOR NUTS BOLTS OR PIPES.
[Communicated to him from abroad by John Albert Dodge of Somerville Middlesex
Massachusetts United States and George Robert Marble of Boston Massachusetts
United States]
זי
This Invention consists in the combination in a wrench of a stationary jaw, a
bar, loosely carried by the same, a jaw moveable with and adjustable along the.
bar, and a handle pivotally connected with the stationary jaw for moving
the bar.
Also in the combination in a wrench of a stationary jaw, a screw threaded bar
loosely carried by the same and provided near its outer end with a notch or recess,
a jaw moveable with and adjustable along the bar, and a handle pivotted to the
stationary jaw, and provided with a tooth. engaging the notch or recess in.
the bar.
Also in the combination in a wrench of the stationary jaw provided with ears
and a bar and moveable jaw adjustable thereon, the said bar passing loosely
through the stationary jaw, and being notched, with the handle lover fulcrummed
upon the said stationary jaw and provided with a tooth entering the notch of the
bar, whereby the movement of the handle on its fulcrum causes the moveable jaw
to slide along the ears towards the gripping face of the fixed jaw.

page_text: This improved wrench is composed of a moveable and a stationary jaw and a
handle lever. The moveable jaw is arranged to be slid along a bar, and to be
adjusted and set thereon as desired, and this bar passes loosely through the
stationary jaw and is engaged with the handle lever which is fulcrummed to the
stationary jaw in such a manner that the moveable jaw, of itself and independently
of the stationary jaw can be adjusted in position upon its carrying bar, in relation
to the stationary jaw, and then by the swing of the handle lever in one direction,
made to approach the nearer to and in the other direction, to recede from said
stationary jaw.
The handle lever the stationary jaw, and the moveable jaw make the three main
elements of the wrench.
The moveable jaw is adapted to slide longitudinally upon a screw threaded bar
having a screw threaded nut interlocking with the jaw, so that by properly turning
the nut, the moveable jaw can be moved along the bar, and thus adjusted and set
thereon, as may be desired with relation to the other jaw.
The bar passes loosely through the stationary jaw, and the holding or gripping
faces respectively of each jaw, are opposite to each other, and the stationary jaw,
has two guides or ear pieces which project in parallel lines toward and over the
upper edge of the moveable jaw and serve to guide the said jaw in its longitudinal
movement towards and from the feed jaw.
The handle lever placed between the ear pieces, is pivotally connected by a
fulcrum pin with the stationary jaw and is provided with a tooth engaging a
notch in the upper edge of that portion of the screw threaded bar within the
stationary jaw.
These ear pieces when the handle lever is swung to cause the jaws of the wrench
to tightly grasp the article to which it is adjusted and applied, come to a bearing
and rest against the upper edge of the moveable jaw and thereby prevent any
change in angular position of the face of the stationary jaw with relation to the
face of the moveable jaw.
A wrench constructed as above described, it is plain allows the moveable jaw,
of itself and independently of the stationary jaw to be adjusted and set upon its
bar to place its gripping face nearer to or farther from the gripping face of the
stationary jaw, as may be necessary to accommodate the wrench to different sized
articles to be turned, and it is plain that when so adjusted and applied to the
article, turning or pressing down the handle lever will operate the moveable jaw to
tightly grip the article between its gripping face and the gripping face of the
stationary jaw and that by turning or lifting the handle lever in the other
direction the said jaw will be operated to release its grip so that the wrench may
be swung backward upon the article to get another hold thereon.
The moveable jaw and its carrying bar obviously may be constructed and
arranged in other ways and yet secure the same effects upon the jaw, as for
instance, by notching the bar at regular or irregular intervals in its length and by
arranging a spring lever catch upon the jaw to engage with said notches and thus
hold the moveable jaw against movement on its bar while it will allow it to be
adjusted thereon.
The construction and arrangement of a moveable and a stationary jaw and a
lever handle, substantially as herein described, obviously is capable of application
to a monkey wrench, or to a pipe wrench, with equal effect and advantage.-And
the acting parts may be in a right angle to the line of the handle

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Frederick James Drewry in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th August 1883.
FREDERICK JAMES DREWRY of Burton on Trent in the County of Stafford
Gentleman, Executor of William Morgan-Brown Patent Agent of 38, Southampton
Buildings London, deceased who died on the thirty first day of March, One
thousand eight hundred and eighty three "IMPROVEMENTS IN WRENCHES OR
SPANNERS FOR NUTS BOLTS OR PIPES (a communication to William Morgan-
Brown aforesaid from abroad by John Albert Dodge of Somerville, Middlesex,
Massachusetts, United States, and George Robert Marble of Boston, Massachusetts,
United States.
"
This Invention consists in the combination in a wrench of a stationary jaw,
a bar loosely carried by the same, a jaw moveable with and adjustable along
the bar and a handle pivotally connected with the stationary jaw for moving
the bar.
Also in the combination in a wrench of a stationary jaw a screw threaded
bar loosely carried by the same and provided near its outer end with a notch or
recess, a jaw moveable with and adjustable along the bar, and a handle pivoted
to the stationary jaw and provided with a tooth engaging the notch or recess in
the bar.
Also in the combination in a wrench of the stationary jaw provided with ears
and a bar and moveable jaw adjustable thereon the said bar passing loosely
through the stationary jaw and being notched; with the handle lever fulcrumed
upon the said stationary jaw, and provided with a tooth entering the notch of the
bar whereby the movement of the handle on its fulcrum causes the moveable jaw
to slide along the ears towards the griping face of the fixed jaw.
This improved wrench is composed of a moveable and a stationary jaw and a
handle lever. The moveable jaw is arranged to be slid along a bar, and to be
adjusted and set thereon as desired and this bar passes loosely through the
stationary jaw and is engaged with the handle lever which is fulcrumed to the
stationary jaw in such a manner that the moveable jaw of itself and independently
of the stationary jaw can be adjusted in position upon its carrying bar in relation
to the stationary jaw and then by the swing of the handle lever in one direction
made to approach the nearer to, and in the other direction to recede from said
stationary jaw.
Figure 1 is a side view of a wrench embodying this invention.
Figure 2. a central longitudinal section thereof and
Figure 3 a cross section on line 33. Figure 1. Figure 4 shews a modification in
which the handle is formed to extend in line with the acting faces of the jaws instead
of at right angles thereto.
A represents the handle-lever, B the stationary jaw, and C the moveable jaw
making the three main elements of the wrench.
The moveable jaw is adapted to slide longitudinally upon a screw threaded bar D
having a screw threaded nut E. interlocking with the jaw, so that by properly
turning the nut the moveable jaw C can be moved along the bar and thus adjusted
and set thereon as may be desired with relation to the other jaw B.
The bar D passes loosely through the stationary jaw, and the holding or
gripping faces F. G. respectively of each jaw are opposite to each other, and the

page_text: stationary jaw B. has two guides or ear pieces b b which project in parallel lines
toward and over the upper edge d of the moveable jaw C and serve to guide the
said jaw in its longitudinal movement towards and from the feed jaw.
The handle lever A placed between the ear pieces bb is pivotally connected by
a fulcrum pin with the stationary jaw B and is provided with a tooth
engaging a notch h in the upper edge k of that portion of the screw threaded bar D
within the stationary jaw B
These ear pieces bb when the handle lever is swung in the direction of the
arrow 4 to cause the jaws of the wrench to tightly grasp the article P to which it
is adjusted and applied come to a bearing and rest against the upper edge d of the
moveable jaw and thereby prevent any change in angular position of the face f
of the stationary jaw with relation to the face G of the moveable jaw as the
handle lever swings from the dotted towards the full line position (Figure 2.)
while the tooth or projection g of the lever acting on the bar D draws the
moveable jaw toward the stationary jaw as will be readily understood from
Figure 2 of the drawing.
A wrench constructed as above described it is plain allows the moveable jaw of
itself and independently of the stationary jaw to be adjusted and set upon its
bar D to place its gripping face nearer to, or farther from the gripping face of the
stationary jaw as may be necessary to accommodate the wrench to different sized
articles to be turned and it is plain that when so adjusted and applied to the
article turning the handle-lever in the direction of the arrow 4 will operate the
moveable jaw, to tightly grip the article between its gripping face and the
gripping face of the stationary jaw and that by turning the handle lever in the
other direction, the said jaw will be operated to release its grip so that the wrench
may be swung backward upon the article to get another hold thereon for again
turning it as may be detached therefrom.
The handle when moved from the dotted to the full line position Figure 2 will
finally come in contact with the portion d of the moveable jaw after which there
will be no further movement of the jaw C towards the jaw B and there is
consequently no danger of crushing the pipe P.
A shoulder m on the end of the handle lever limits its movement on the fulcrum
pin f in the direction opposite to the arrow 4.
The moveable jaw and its carrying bar d obviously may be constructed and
arranged in other ways and yet secure the same effects upon the jaw as for
instance by notching the bar at regular or irregular intervals in its length and by
arranging a spring.lever catch upon the jaw to engage with said notches and thus
hold the moveable jaw against movement on its bar while it will allow it to be
..adjusted thereon.
The construction and arrangement of a moveable and a stationary jaw and a
lever handle, substantially as herein described obviously is capable of application to
a monkey-wrench or to a pipe wrench with equal effect and advantage
What I claim is
1. The combination in a wrench of a stationary jaw B, a bar D loosely carried by
the same, a jaw C moveable with and adjustable along the bar and a
handle A pivotally connected with the stationary jaw for moving the bar
substantially as described.
2. The combination in a wrench of a stationary jaw B, a screw-threaded bar D
loosely carried by the same and provided near its outer end with a notch or
recess a jaw C moveable with and adjustable along the bar and a handle A
pivotted to the stationary jaw and provided with a tooth engaging the notch
or recess in the bar substantially as described
In a wrench the stationary jaw B provided with ears bb and the bar D and
moveable jaw C, adjustable thereon, the said bar passing loosely through the
jaw B and being notched as described, combined with the handle lever
fulcrumed upon the said stationary jaw and provided with a tooth entering

page_text: the notch of the bar D whereby the movement of the handle on its fulcrum
causes the moveable jaw to slide along the cars towards the gripping face of
the fixed jaw substantially as and for the purpose described
In witness whereof I the said Frederick James Drewry have hereunto set
iny hand and seal this twenty eighth day of August in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty three
FREDERICK JAMES DREWRY
(L.S.)