Improvements in Tyres for Velocipede and other Wheels.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tyres for Velocipede and other Wheels.
I, LUDWIG MARTIN WOLFGANG HOLTZE of 16A Grüne Wiese, Guben, German
Empire, an official in the Royal Department for Agriculture do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows
-
The object of my invention is to produce a tyre for velocipede and other wheels
that shall supersede the pneumatic tyres and which shall have greater durability, be
unaffected by accidental damage from.contact with nails or other sharp objects in
the road, shall need no pumping up or other special manipulation or extra care, shall
be cheaper and probably lighter, and shall be applicable to existing wheels.
The tyre is tubular in form and consists essentially of a combination of four or
inore interwoven helically coiled rust proof-spring steel or spring hardened steel
wires, enclosed in or covered by or embedded in leather, canvas, canvas rubber, rubber,
or other suitable waterproof material. The tyre may be stiffened or strengthened
by inner diagonal, longitudinal or other ties. In one form I make the tyre of about
four helically coiled wires, and twist the wire ends into each other or join them by
tubular socket pieces and then unite by soldering; the joints should be on the inner
side or against the rim of the wheel; the tyre is at the rim covered by a leather or
other covering and on the sides with a rubber tread which may be united to the
cover by, wire hooks or staples passing round the wires of the tyre. In another form
the tyre is embedded in a cover of rubber or canvas rubber, the number of wires in
the tyre being in that case much larger. In yet another form I enclose the tyre,
made of a few wires into an entire cylindrical cover of closely woven wire covered
by or embedded in rubber or other suitable material thickened at the tread...
The tyre may be fastened to the wheel rim by means of hooks or staples passing
through holes or notches in the rim; this latter mode would also answer for wooden
felloes.
Improvements in Tyres for velocipeue and other wheels.
I, LUDWIG MARTIN WOLFGANG HOLTZE of 16A Grüne Wiese, Guben, German
Empire, an Official in the Royal Department of Agriculture do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following Statement :-
The object of my invention is to produced a tyre for velocipede and other wheels
that shall supersede the pneumatic tyres and which shall have greater durability, be

page_text: unaffected by accidental damage from contact with nails or other sharp objects in the
road shall need no pumping-up or other special manipulation or extra care, shall be
cheaper and probably lighter, and shall be applicable to existing wheels.
The tyre is tubular in form and consists essentially of a combination of interwoven
helically coiled rust proof spring steel or spring hardened steel wires, enclosed in or
covered by or embedded in leather, canvas, canvas rubber, rubber or other suitable
waterproof material. The tyre may be stiffened or strengthened by inner diagonal
longitudinal or other ties. The wheel rim is by preference as shown in fig. 27 of
such a form that the tyre only rests on the two lateral edges of the rim, and of such
a width that the part of the tyre within the rim amounts to about a third or less of
the whole tyre circumference, for in that case the point of contact with the ground
forms with the points of contact with the rim an isosceles triangle and the stability
of the tyre coil upon the wheel rin is great against lateral pressure; furthermore by
such a width of wheel rim the coil tyre is only compressed laterally at the outer
circumference, but towards the top within the rim. The elasticity is thus increased
and the danger of a bashing in of the lateral parts diminished. In the case of narrow
wheel rims the coil tyre is compressed both inside and outside the wheel rim, hence
only laterally. The wheel rim has at regular intervals notches, as shewn especially
in tig 29 for passing the fastening wires 11 there through where the tyre coils cross
each other. Hence the coils cannot, become displaced when under load, whereas with
tyre coils as heretofore made they were merely laid in the rim and thus held in
without special means of fastening.
The tyre is provided with a tread ring 6 Figs 27, 28, 30 and 31, of leather,
rubber or the like, presenting a close surface for contact with the ground there may
also be a removable waterproof cover 7 fig 27 under the tread ring and around the
wheel rim and enclosing the coil tyre to protect the latter against wet and against
catching up straw, twigs or other things.
In sheet 1 of the accompanying drawings
Fig 1 is a side view of a ring and fig 2 a section of same.
Fig 3 is plan of a wire spool carrier, fig 4 a side view, and fig 5 a part section
showing a ring A therein.
Fig 6 is section of a closing sleeve.
Fig 7 shows a skeleton shaper with four tooth racks H, mesh combs I, girdle P
around same jointed rods Q, all in elevation, and the cap K in section; fig 8 is plan
section..
Fig 9 shows the lower end of a tooth rack H; fig 10 is plan of the girdle open.
Fig 11 is a sheet metal strip provided with the first impressions for forming jointed
rods, fig 12 is plan of a joint rod Q. Fig 13 side view.
Fig 14 is a sheet metal piece cut out to form a chain link, fig 15 shows it after the
first bending operation, and fig 16 shows a finished link the left half seen from above,
and the right half seen from below.
Fig. 17 is a part sectional side view of a plaiting machine without the driving
spindle, the front part of the outer guiding edge e omitted, the hollow pillar m partly
in section, so also the pipe and plate k hence the one left hand front arm h is
omitted, one mesh comb i withdrawn from the right hand arm n, and the jointed
rods only shown on the right hand roller v. Fig 18 is plan view of the plaiting
machine with the tooth rim removed, the parts above the wire coiling devices shown
in dotted lines, and the guide rollers v for the jointed rods omitted. Fig 19 is plan
view of these guide rolls v.
Fig 20 shows the beam for moving the mesh arranger (not shown in fig 17)
Fig 21 shows the mesh arranger full size side view; The outer mesh comb i broken
off above, the corresponding arm m also broken off, in dotted lines the upper end
of the beam Z with its head V in section, and so also the arm n of the left hand
mesh comb i. Figs 22 23 and 24 are plan sections of the mesh arranger in its
different positions.
Fig 25 shows the wire spool carrier in its antitorsion casing.

page_text: Fig 26 illustrates the manner of placing the finished coil tyre upon the wheel
On sheet II
rim.
Figs 27, 28 and 29 show the way of attaching the leather tread ring 6 to the
wheel rim, viz by means of wires passed through the notches in the wheel rim.
J
Figs 30, 31 and 32 show the way of attaching the rubber tread ring upon a
wooden or steel wheel felloe, viz by means of wires passed entirely round the same
the cover is omitted.
Fig 33 shows the fixing wire bent ready for use.
Figure 34 is a cross section and fig 35 a side view in part section of a modified
Fig 26 illustrates the manner of placing the finished coil tyre upon the wheel
rim.
On sheet II
Figs 27, 28 and 29 show the way of attaching the leather tread ring 6 to the
wheel rim, viz by means of wires passed through the notches in the wheel rim.
Figs 30, 31 and 32 show the way of attaching the rubber tread ring upon
wooden or steel wheel felloe, viz by means of wires passed entirely round the same
the cover is omitted.
Fig 33 shows the fixing wire bent ready for use.
Figure 34 is a cross section and fig 35 a side view in part section of
wire coil tyre.
a
modified
Figs 36 and 37 are similar sectional views of another modified form of tyre.
The manufacture of the coil tyre is accordingly divided into the following
operations viz.
I. The making of the coil.
II. Attaching it to the wheel rim and the joining of its free ends.
III Attaching the tread ring and in some cases the cover also.
This involves 1) bringing the wire into self acting spool appliances 2) next the
plaiting itself then 3) the arranging of the meshes and then 4) the holding the
meshes in the right position until they are fastened to the wheel rim.
1. THE SPOOLING IN OF THE WIRES.
The self acting spool appliance figs 1-5 consists of a thin sheet metal ring A into
which the wire is pressed by hand or by machinery. This form of ring is better
than that of the wire rings heretofore used, in which strongly feathering wires were
placed and held together by some wire clips. The wire is put in just as quickly
in these sheet metal rings by machinery, they are just as handy for transport
and placing of the wire, but they are incomparably more convenient in use,
moreover can be cheaply made and can always be used over and over again. The
ring A rests freely in the bearings B of the spool carrier C; the free end of the
wire is led out through the guide D the slide a of which can be pressed against
or separated from the slanting surface c of the spool carrier by means of the set
screw b. The cover E with its holes is then put upon corresponding pegs on the
spool carrier and held fast by a ring passed around the set off d. All the spool
carriers for the same plaiting work have wire filling of the same length. Lastly
either the free ends of each two spool carriers are nipped fast in a socket F or
the wire is cut off to double the length required for one spool and formed with
a slight bend exactly in the middle of its length, both ends are then led through
the loosely adjusted sockets F of the two spool carriers and pressed into the
spools up to the aforesaid bend. In this way connected spool carrier pairs are
obtained.
The hand plaiting is done over a skeleton frame of suitable length, say 4 to 6 feet,
figs 7-10, consisting of three cornered wood or metal bars G and of tooth racks H
thinned off towards the teeth in section and made of wood or metal.
The arrangement of the skeleton frame depends upon plaiting; the number of the
wire pairs must be the pitch of the helix divided by the length of the mesh; there
will be two three cornered bars G and one tooth rack H for each pair of spool carriers.
The tooth distance of the racks must be equal to the length of mesh desired. The

page_text: diameter of the skeleton frame is that of the inner diameter of the helical plaiting.
It is held together below by the cap K. A wire L goes through the middle of it
provided with screw thread and nut M below and a book N above. Upon the nut rests
the cap K and thus also the whole skeleton frame, which can be suspended by the
hook. The spool wires O are threaded through the lower holes in the tooth racks
and so fixed at their free ends that the skeleton frame can neither turn axially nor
swing. But it may be more advantageous and just as safe to fix the wires O below to
the bars G.
The sockets Fin all the spool carriers are given the same tension, as adjusted by
weight; this tension carries the spool carriers, but it must not be too strong hence-for
hand plaiting light wooden carriers are suitable. Practised workmen can also work
with the rings A alone without any spool carriers; in that case the following applies
of course to the rings.
To the upper tooth of each tooth rack H one of the aforesaid pair of carriers is
suspended and the sockets F, or the wire bends, of all the pairs connected by passing
a wire round them pulling it tight, and joining the ends, this wire thus also holds the
skeleton frame together at the upper end. A workman places himself in front of
each spool carrier pair and takes one carrier in each hand. Then each man hands
his right hand neighbour his right hand spool carrier over the neighbours left spool
carrier and his left hand neighbour his left hand spool carrier under the neighbours
right hand spool carrier. Then each man pushes the carrier obtained from the
right side over the one obtained from the left side, crosses the hands and places the
thus obtained wire crossing upon the next lower tooth of the rack H.
This very
simple play of the hands produces each time a group of meshes, and so it goes on.
The wire uncoils itself thereby from the rings or spools. When the skeleton frame
has thus been covered with plaited wire the last meshes are fixed by pressing into
each free cleft of the skeleton frame a mesh comb I the teeth of which are as far
apart as the teeth in the rack H. The mesh combs are then made fast by passing
a girdle P figs 7, 8 and 10 round them, closing it and pressing it down. The girdle
consists of pieces jointed together by rivets except at one joint which can be opened
and closed by a pin. The meshes are held on to the other part of the finished
plaiting work by means of link bars Q figs 7, 11. 12 and 13 or by link chains
figs 14 16. The former are easier made but are liable to break and make the
plaited work quite stiff. The latter are much more durable and when the joint
holes are made oblong the plaiting will be pliable to some extent. Both are punched
out of sheet steel; figs 7, 13 and 21 illustrate their action. With an even number
of spool carrier pairs only two rows of link bars or chains need be applied, and by an
odd number of such pairs three symmetrically arranged rows. Lastly a girdle P is
placed under the mesh combs I; a workman takes hold under and pushes up the
whole finished piece of plaiting, while the other men, without any great pressure
help on at the upper end. The tooth racks by reason of their decreasing thickness
towards the outside thereby go towards the inside, so that the teeth pass out of
sight see fig 8. When thus the mesh combs I have come to the upper end of the
skeleton frame, the girdle placed beneath is removed, the tooth racks drawn out so
far that the teeth come fully in sight, the last wire crossings pressed upon the upper
teeth, and the whole process repeated.
B. The Plaiting Machine.
This machine works with wire spool carriers which are all placed upon the same
A
This machine works with wire spool carriers which are all placed upon the same
wire curve, The weight of these carriers must be greater than the tension, so that
they cannot be raised by the latter.
1. The plaiting is done by a ring of plaiting stars, figs 17 and 18, which are
rotated by cross like arranged tooth wheels in the direction of their claws. Adjoining
stars have opposite rotation and direction of claws. Their arms never form like
angles with the line connecting their axes, but the arms which are to receive a spool
carrier, as for instance the arms a of the stars I, II and III in fig 18, precede the

page_text: arms of the adjoining stars, which the spool carriers bring to them (the arms of the
stars IV, V and VI) by a certain angle. The stars of like direction of rotation lie
in the same plane, but the stars of one direction of rotation (I II and III fig 18) are
arranged above those of the others (IV V and VI) in order not to collide with them.
When a claw has caught a spool carrier, the latter will in course of the rotation be
forced away from the outer point and into the bay of the star in question that
is to say, to the axis, by the spiral shaped outer or inner guiding edge, e or f. figs 17
and 18. Arrived there the preceding claw of the following adjoining star I, II and III
will catch it and, having like angular velocity and greater distance from its
centre of rotation than the bay, drag the spool carrier away from the arm that
brought it, as will be understood from fig 18. At a third of a rotation later than
shown in fig 18 the arm a of the star IV will fetch out the spool carrier in question
from the arina of the star I, and so on.
2. The arranging of the meshes is effected by the mesh arranger which consists
mainly of the inner mesh combs g and the outer ones i figs 17, 18, 21, 22, 23 and 24.
The inner combs are made in one piece with the arms h which latter can turn in the
vertical plane on the upper plate k of the tube l, this latter being capable of sliding
up and down in the hollow pillar m. The plate has such a circumference that the
wires of the spool carrier just within it drag on its edge, while the wires of the outer
spool carriers can freely follow it. Hereby the angles of the new meshes bocome
obtuser and the work of the arms 8 surer. The outer mesh combs with the springs o
fig. 21 are pushed into corresponding grooves in the arms n and fixed by pins at p.
These arms n also turn in a vertical plane around a horizontal axis the position of
which will be seen in figs. 17 and 18. The mesh arranger is driven by a beam Z fig. 20
which can slide vertically in the tube and has brackets q and wings r which lie in
the plane of the inner mesh combs g and act upon the bend of the arms k. The
button V figs. 20 and 21 presses directly on the inner mesh combs g.
The arms 8
lie in the plane of the outer mesh combs i, act with their outer inclined edge upon
the corresponding edge y of same fig. 21, and with the upper saddle edge z they drag
the newly formed wire crossings along on the sloping lower edges of the arms h and
upon the lower teeth t, fig. 21, of the inner mesh combs g. The beam Z and the
tube independently thereof, are moved through the hollow pillar m directly by the
driving shaft of the whole machine which shaft is not shewn.
3. The meshes are held fast by the same link chain as in the hand plaiting. Their
self acting hooking in by means of the guide u u¹ will be understood from fig. 21.
The link rods or link chains are passed over rolls v (figs. 17 and 19) arranged on a
head w which rests on the arms n (figs. 17 and 21).
The machine must have as many fields as there are pairs of wires in the helical
fabric that is to be made. Each field embraces spindles with tooth wheel and
plaiting star, an inner and an outer mesh comb with arms, a bracket q on the
beam Z, a wing r and an arm 8. Lastly for an even number of fields are required 2
and for an odd one 3 symmetrically distributed rollers with guide u u¹ for each
link rod or link chain.
.The spool carriers are filled with wire, as by the hand work, set with even tension
and united in pairs. Each pair is hung upon the saddle edge of one of the arms 8
of the beam Z. The spool carriers then because of overbalancing their wire tension
sink to the plate u from which they do not rise during the whole operation. They
must be so put into the plaiting star that the wires of each spool carrier pair do not
cross each other but cross the adjoining wires. The driving spindle may be variously
arranged and is therefore not shewn. For each of its rotations each tooth wheel
of the tooth wheel ring and hence also the plaiting star fixed thereto makes a full
rotation; secondly the beam Z, and thirdly the tube are raised and lowered once
that is to say:-
The tube with the arms h and the inner mesh combs g to the extent of a mesh
length, the beam Z so high, that its brackets q, wings r, arms 8, and head V gradually
come in contact with the corresponding slanting faces of the outer and inner mesh
combs and thereby force the combs accordingly outward or inward.

page_text: Froin this arises the following play of the parts:
1. The outer mesh combs i fig. 22 are closed, that is, moved towards the centre,
as so also the inner ones g. The beam Z is raised, catches with its arms the just
formed group of wire crossings and rakes them along the lower edge of the arm n
on to the lowest tooth t fig. 21 of the inner mesh combs h.
2. The beam Z with its brackets q comes against the under side of the bend of the
arm h, the inner mesh combs g open that is to say move outward, fig. 23; hereby the
spaces between the teeth of the inner and the outer mesh combs are narrowed,
so that in consequence and by the wire tension the plaited fabric is tightened up.
3. The sloping outer faces of the arms s on the beam Z come against the sloping
inner faces y of the outer mesh combs i and press them outward, fig. 24, so that their
teeth go quite out of the fabric and leave it free. At this moment the tube is
raised one mesh high, and therewith the arms h, the inner combs g and the made
fabric. The spool carriers do not follow this movement because their weight is
greater than the wire tension, and hence the wires spool themselves off selfactingly
according to the tension wherewith they are held.
4. The tube having risen, the beam Z descends, and the sloping outer faces of
the arms & leave the sloping faces y of the outer mesh combs i; these are by reason
of the considerable weight of the arms n increased by that of the head w pressed
inward, their teeth enter the meshes of the fabric and hold it at the height attained
by the fresh lift of the tube . Immediately thereupon the wings are lowered upon
the sloping faces of the bend of the arins h and the button V upon the sloping face
of the inner mesh combs g whereby these are pressed inward also, so that they pass
out of the meshes and leave the fabric free. Lastly the tube is lowered, and the
plate k, the arms and the inner mesh combs g are brought back into their initial
position.
This action is then repeated each time the tooth pinion is rotated, whereby a fresh
group of meshes is produced.
The attendant has to notice particularly the moment when the first group of wire
crossings comes to the height of the entry places u u¹ of the link rods and for the
correct hooking in of the first links; the next hook themselves in selfactingly, fig. 21.
II. THE FIXING OF THE FABRIC UPON THE WHEEL RIM OR FELLOE.
The fabric is cut off a little longer than the circumference of the wheel rim, and
the ends tied so as not to unravel. The fixing may be done in various ways. The
two fixing wires 1-1, figs 27, 28 and 29 may be laid in a notch in the end of a rod,
the latter then pushed through with them and thereupon withdrawn while the wires
are held fast and then attached temporarily to the wheel rim; the other wire end is
carried over a pulley to a weight R, fig. 26. The wheel is now placed on the fixed
shaft S and beld fast, for instance by the hook W, in such manner that the place of
fixing on to the wheel from time to time is most convenient to the workman. The
fixing is commenced at the end of the fabric, the fixing wire 1 being about a yard
beyond. A workman on each side of the wheel takes hold with wire tongs, fig. 29,
through a mesh of the fabric, of one of the fixing wires 1 and places it taut around
the lug between two notches of the wheel rim. When this has been done all round
to within a few meshes from the place of starting, each wire of the fabric is cut off
to the exact length and passed into the corresponding opening of the closing socket.
This is not a difficult operation but it must be done very carefully and exactly. Then
the fixing is done backward from the closing socket with the initially remaining part
of the fixing wires 1, and these wires closed by twisting into each other.
In this way
is prevented that the closing place of the fabric coincides with that of the fixing
wires.
For wooden felloes it is not convenient to fix the wires around lugs between
notches on the edge of the felloe. But even for steel rims it would seem preferable
to bend the fixing wires 1 beforehand into the form they are ultimately to receive,

page_text: AND THE
The leather tread ring 6, figs. 27 and 28 or the rubber tread ring figs. 30 and 31
is closed beforehand. It is attached by means of the wires 3 to both edges of the
cover 7, by preference at mesh intervals but the wire ends left loose. Then the
cover 7 with tread ring 6 is laid round the fabric tyre which is fixed on the wheel
rim, and the wires 3 are then by the pulling wire 4 either pulled taut at both sides
of the rim on the lugs between the notches, see figs. 27 28 and 29, or around the
whole rim, see figs. 30, 31 and 32. Lastly in order that the edges of the india
rubber tread ring 6 do not tear, a longitudinal wire 5, figs. 30 and 31 is embedded
therein on each side, and around these the wires 3 have to be brought.
In the modifications shewn in figs. 34, 35, 36, and 37 a solid ring 8 of steel or the
like is employed whereby the spring of the whole wire coil is absorbed, whereas in
the above described constructions only the lower part immediately above the tread
was in compression. This ring 8 may in the arrangement figs. 36, 37, be used
directly as tread ring if it is grooved on the outside. In order to prevent the catching
of pieces of wire, twigs or the like in the ineshes a cover 7 may be provided as shewn
in figs. 34 and 36.
The solid ring 8 may as shewn in figs. 34 and 35 be inside the fabric, or as shewn
in figs. 36 and 37 be outside of it. In both cases its diameter may suitably be such
that the fabric in its natural round cross section would lie with little play between the
solid ring 8 and the wheel rim, so that when this play were done away with it would
assume a slightly oval section when firmly united to the wheel rim and the solid
ring 8, the largest diameter of the oval being in the direction of the wheel spokes.
Thereby each helix in the coil fabric would obtain a slight initial tension. When
then the lower coils are flattened below by the load, all the other coils will by reason
of the stiffuess of the ring 8 be brought into tension and the upper ones especially
will be drawn into oval form to the same extent as the botton ones are flattened
out laterally.
It is important that the fabric both at the wheel rim and at the ring 8 should only
rest on the edges, but otherwise be clear. The width of the rim and of the ring 8
are of less importance.
The manufacture of these tyre forms consists of the following steps:-
I The production of the coil fabric.
II Its union with the solid ring 8.
III Fixing the coil fabric to the wheel rim edges.
IV. The putting on of the tread ring, with or without a cover.
I. IS THE SAME AS ALREADY DESCRIBED.

page_text: bight passed through the meshes of the fabric and drawn taut all round the ring 8
by means of the pulling wire 10, the link rods, or link chains are meanwhile all
removed. When the fixing has been effected to all but a few meshes at the closing
place, the wires of the helical coils are cut off to their right lengths and brought into
the closing socket.
If the ring 8 is made to do service as a tread ring, by being provided with grooves,
then the fixing wires 9 and pulling wires 10 must lie in the grooves.
If the rim fixing wires 1 are smooth they are pulled through the meshes in the
manner above described and drawn taut around the lugs between the notches in the
wheel rim. If the wires 1 are crinkled beforehand they are pulled round the wheel
rim by means of the pulling wire 2. In any case all the wire crossings must lie
firmly on the edge of the wheel rim whereby the wire helices are drawn into oval
cross section. The coil fabric ends are joined as already described under II. B.
D
TU
The cover 7 consists of two strips which are cemented on to the two sides of the
tread ring 6. Thereupon the latter is united to the bights of the fixing wires 9 by
means of the wires 11. If the ring 8 is used as tread ring, the two cover strips 7
are sewn on to the bights of the fixing wire 9.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. An elastic tyre for velocipedes and other wheels consisting of a right and left
hand helically plaited tubular fabric made of spring wire, and a tread ring of rubber
leather or the like, with or without a cover of waterproof material, said tubular fabric
touching the rim only at the edges of the latter where its meshes are firmly fixed,
the rim embracing about one third of the tyre, substantially as set forth.
2. The construction of tyre described with reference to figs 27 to 32.
3. The mode of manufacturing the tyre figs. 27 to 33 as described and shewn.
4. The means or modes described and shewn for fixing and uniting the tubular
fabric, the tread ring, and the cover, figs. 27 to 33.
5. An elastic tyre for velocipede and other wheels consisting of a right and left
hand helically plaited tubular fabric made of spring wire and fixed between the
wheel rim and the solid ring inside or outside the said fabric in such manner that it
touches both only at, the edges whereto it is firmly united mesh by mesh, its helices
being drawn into slightly oval form towards the outside so that when the wheel is
loaded in any part all the coils are simultaneously in action, the tubular fabric being
provided with a tread ring of rubber, leather or the like, with or without a cover of
waterproof material substantially as set forth.
6. The constructions of tyre described with reference to figs. 34 to 37.

page_text: 7. The mode of manufacturing the tyre figs. 34 to 37 as described and shewn.
8. The means or modes described and shewn for fixing and uniting the tubular
fabric, the solid ring, the tread ring and the cover figs. 34 to 37.
Dated this 25th day of October 1897.
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.