Improvements in or appertaining to Apparatus for Separating Dust or other Finely Divided Solid Material from Air or other Gases.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 13th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 25th Nov. 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or appertaining to Apparatus for Separating
Dust or other Finely Divided Solid Material from Air or
other Gases.
I, PIETER VAN GELDER of Sowerby Bridge in the County of York, Milling
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object the improvement of that type of dust collectors
which are set forth in my Patents Nos. 2003089 & 181191.
I have found that the quicker the current of air is allowed to escape and the less
vortical motion there is in the hopper the better. For this purpose therefore,
preferably about the point where the prism changes to a pyramid I place a
horizontal plate, covering the entire area, with the exception of a very small space
round the edges, just wide enough to enable the dust to pass. The air consequently
unable to follow down into the pyramid or cone, escapes at once out at the central
orifice at the top; the dust however continues its course down to the bottom.
As I find it desirable to check the vortical action of the dust as much as possible,
I prefer to place a vertical diaphragm or two vertical diaphragms at right angles
to each other in the cone or pyramid extending downwards for a foot or two.
These at once stop the vortical action and the remainder of the cone or pyramid
can be free from any internal impediment. I find it also desirable to place a small
horizontal disc in the centre, a little below the central orifice in the top. This is
supported on a pedestal preferably from the centre of the larger disc or in place of
this I may place a central collar or tube rising from the plate a short distance.
This tube can be made without a bottom or top if desirable and for some
purposes it may be rather advantageous to do this. I find it very desirable
that the cross section of the upper prismatic portion should be more or less angular.
The entire machine can even be made square in a horizontal section, the entrance
for the dusty air in such case entering the square at about an angle of 45 degrees
with, and at the centre of, the-side. It is obvious in this machine that the cone or
pyramid is simply a hopper and as such can be made of any desired depth or
shape.
Dated the 10th day of December 1899
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or appertaining to Apparatus for Separating
Dust or other Finely Divided Solid Material from Air or
other Gases.
I, PIETER VAN GELDER of Sowerby Bridge, in the County of York, Milling
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
In my Complete Specification No. 21731 of 1892 I have set forth a machine for
separating dust from air and also for grading the same, in which the dust passes
over a flat bottom to a central orifice. I have found, however, that some very
heavy and damp kinds of dust have a tendency to collect on the bottom instead of
being driven by the wind and guided by the ribs to the central orifice. By my

page_text: present invention, therefore, I arrange, in place of a central orifice, a circumferential
orifice.
The invention is best explained by aid of the accompanying drawings, in
which :-
:-
Figures 1 and 2 show a vertical section, and plan, of one form of my apparatus:
Figures 3 and 4, a variation thereof:
Figure 5, a further modification.
In these more especially Figures 1 and 2:-
A, is the prismatic chamber; C, entrance for dust laden air; D, exit for purified
air; F, ribs on the bottom.
These differ from the ribs in my former Specifications Nos. 21218 & 21731, 1892
in that, in these, the dust is guided to the outside instead of, as in the previous case,
being guided to the centre. K is a disc forming the bottom of the chamber A ;
M, the circumferential orifice just wide enough to prevent the dust bridging over
it. I is a scraper with several arms; and T, a guard attached to the scraper to
prevent the dust passing to the centre. The scraper is keyed to a shaft H driven
by worm and worm wheel J and driving pulley Q; scraper I preferably makes
about one revolution a minute. N is the orifice for dust, and O a self-acting valve
closing this orifice, it being held closed by the adjustable weight R. When a
quantity of dust, however, has collected in N, the weight causes the valve Oto
open and the dust to escape. In Figure 3, in place of an apparatus for cleaning
out the dust, I place two cross pieces I¹ below to support the disc K and to prevent
rotation in the chamber L¹ below. The scraper I similarly stops the rapid
rotation of the dust in Figure 1. In Figures 3 and 4, similar letters describe
similar parts to those of Figures 1 and 2; it is needless, therefore, to specify
further.
Although I have only described my machine with a single story, it is obvious
that it can be made in two or more stories, as set forth in my Patents Nos. 20030³°
and 1811, and I have lately constructed a machine on this plan, a diagram of
which is set forth in Figure 5. This figure is a vertical elevation, partly in section.
A. second story is only advisable where extremely fine dust has to be collected..
The portion D of Figure 1 is removed and the opening into the upper story is of a size
equal to the narrow portion of the cone D. The shaft H is continued through the
dise K and through the opening, and supports a second scraper on the annular
bottom of the upper chamber shown at U, the arms of this scraper being oblique
instead of radial, so as to scrape the dust to the exit spout at side. The scraper
scrapes the dust into a spout leading from the upper chamber to the outside. The
walls of the upper chamber are preferably made of flannel as capable of attracting
fine dust better than smooth surfaces. There is a simple hole in the top of a size
equal to the smaller diameter of cone D; and, in the specimen described, a
cylindrical spout is brought up, of the same diameter as this hole, and passes out
through the roof, having a ventilator above it. It is found that the slight extra
friction caused by this spout appears to assist in preventing any dust being forced
out with the draught, and so far no trace of dust from this machine has, I believe,
been found on the roof.
It will be seen that Figures 3 and 4 differ from those set forth in my
Specification 1811 of 1891 in that the prismatic portion of the machine is
somewhat deeper and is separated from the pyramidal portion by disc K, cross
pieces being used to support it and stop the rotation in the pyramid, I have
found this alteration so advantageous that I have altered or advised the alteration
of all my old machines in this way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is
1. In a dust collector, the combination of a chamber A in which the dust laden
air forms a vortex with a circumferential dust orifice round the floor, an exit D for

page_text: the air at the top and means below for collecting the dust and delivering it at an
orifice N, substantially as described.
2. In a dust collector, the combination of a chamber A in which the dust laden
air forms a vortex, an entrance for the dust laden air, an exit for the purified air
above, a circumferential exit for the dust round the floor and means below the disc
forming the bottom of chamber A for stopping the rotating action of the air,
substantially as described.
3. The improvement applicable to my old patent machines set forth in my
Patent of 1891, also applicable to cylindro-conical machines, which consists in some-
what increasing the depth of the prismatic or cylindrical portion and separating
this from the tapering portion or from a large part of it by a horizontal disc having
a narrow circumferential passage for the dust between it and the exterior of the
chamber, substantially as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.
.
1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, Nottingham, and London, Patent Agents.