IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BOLTS AND RIVETS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, Patent Agent of the
British and Foreign Patent Offices, 24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in
the Empire of France, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BOLTS AND RIVETS."—A communication from
Jacques Victor Gauthier, Manufacturer, residing at 24, Rue du Mont
Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France.
Sealed the 17th December 1863, and dated the 19th June 1863.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 19th June 1863, pursuant to the 9th Section of the
Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, Patent Agent of the British and Foreign Patent Offices,
24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BOLTS AND RIVETS," a communication
from Jacques Victor Gauthier, Manufacturer, a person resident at 24,
Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, and have petitioned
Her Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn declaration
that it is a communication.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification under my hand and seal
fully describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawing, in all the Figures of which the corresponding parts of the
mechanism are represented by the same letters, that is to say:-
For some years past numerous trials have been made with a view to arrive
at the manufacture of bolts and rivets by means of the simultaneous per-
formance of the different operations necessary for the purpose, that is to say,
the introduction into the matrix of red-hot bars, the cutting and the stamping
of the heads. All these essays have failed, either because attention was only
paid to the formation of the heads, without taking into consideration the great
difficulty attending the regular introduction of the iron rod into the matrix of
the cutting, of its withdrawal from the matrix when formed, or because, these
difficulties surmounted, it was found impossible to prevent the rapid deteriora-
tion of the working parts exposed to the heated metal, notwithstanding the
many precautions taken for the purpose of lowering their temperature by
means of immerging the various parts in the water, or by causing an uninter-
rupted flow of water on the parts exposed.
These difficulties have been at length surmounted by the machinery herein-
after described and represented by the Drawings hereto annexed.
Figure 1 represents a front view of the machinery, some of the principal
parts of which are seen in section, and the red-hot bar at the moment of its
introduction into the matrix; Figure 2 represents a plan view, the arbor of the
flat wheel being represented as if broken and the wheel itself removed in order
to show the header at the moment of forming the head of the bolt; Figure 3
represents separately the matrix plate and the flat wheel at the moment of
forming the head of the bolt when the header is cooled; Figure 4 represents
a separate view of the knife bearer, with the knife, the anvil, and the pressure
rod; Figure 5 represents the main connecting rod placed behind the machine,
and which governs the movements of the chariot or part which carries the iron
rod towards the matrix holes; Fig. 6 represents a transversal section of one
matrix hole and of the knife of the actual size, which are fixed in the matrix
plate and knife bearer.
A, connecting rod governing the chariot; B, chariot composed of several
jointed parts, thus forming a vice, which seizes the iron bar immediately on its
leaving the fire for the purpose of carrying it to the matrix plate. The distance
traversed by this chariot is longer or shorter according to the length which it
is wished to give to the bolts or rivets, and the course of the connecting rod

page_text: A is lengthened or shortened for the same purpose. This connecting rod is
provided with a screw muffle C, Fig. 5, in which the screw threads work
inwards, which serves for lengthening or shortening it. It has a small pinion b,
Figs. 1, 2, and 5, which may be moved right or left by means of an arm
d, Figs. 1 and 2. By moving this pinion to the right, its screw rod
raises the boss e, Fig. 5, which supports the connecting rod A and lengthens
this latter, and therefore lengthens the space traversed by the chariot. On
the contrary, by moving the pinion to the left, the boss e descends and the
space traversed by the chariot is shortened. C, knife bearer or piece of iron
in which the knife is fixed; D, the knife, consisting of a piece of steel pro-
jecting slightly beyond the knife bearer, and having a circular opening in the
centre, through which the iron bar passes; D', anvil, or piece of steel let into
the centre of the knife bearer, on which the end of the bolt or rivet rests at
the moment of forming the head; E, matrix plate in iron, which has as many
indentations as matrix holes, and in which these last are fixed; F, matrix
holes, the borders of which project slightly above the surface of the matrix
plate, and which in working rub against the knife; G, arbor of the circular
plate governed by the pinions; H, circular plate in iron placed above the
matrix plate, to which it gives as many partial movements of rotation as there
are matrix holes by means of the tooth H¹; H', piece of steel let into the
circular plate H; H", segment of a circle operating by pressure on the rod a;
I, stop piece against which the iron bar rests after having passed through the
matrix hole; J, header, which forms the head of the bolt or rivet; L, rod,.
which pushes the rivet from the matrix hole when the matrix plate has made
one entire revolution; L', connecting rod working the push piece L; M, tap,
which waters the header and feeds the reservoir in which the lower part of the
matrix plate is submerged; N, excentric fixed to the arbor G of the circular
plate, which opens the tap after the formation of each head; a, tige worked by
the segment H".
WORKING OF THE MACHINE.
When the machine is set in motion, the first movement which is made acts
upon the connecting rod A, Figs. 1, 2, and 5, which works the chariot B,
Fig. 1.
This chariot seizes the bar immediately on its leaving the furnace
and draws it across the knife bearer and knife C, D, Fig. 1, 2, and 4, into one
of the upper matrix holes F1, Fig. 3, through which the bar passes, and finally
is arrested by the stop piece I, Fig. 1. This piece which is moveable serves
to limit at the other side of the matrix hole the length of iron which is to
form the head of the rivet. Almost simultaneously with the first movement

page_text: .
of the connecting rod A the arbor G, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, receives its
movement of rotation and turns the circular plate H, Figs. 1 and 2, and
the tooth H¹, Fig. 3, catches in one of the indentations of the matrix plate
E, to which it gives a partial movement of rotation equal to the distance from
one matrix hole to the next, as from D to D', Fig. 4. The matrix hole
being thus placed against the knife D, which is fixed, and against which it rubs
in turning, the result of this movement is the cutting or separation of the iron
bar between the matrix hole and the knife. The detached part of the iron
bar remains in the matrix hole, which moves round and places itself opposite
the anvil D', Figs. 2 and 4, against which the cut end of the bar rests.
It is at this moment the header J is moved forward by means of a jointed
connecting rod, and striking violently against the projecting extremity of the
bar, Figs. 2 and 3, forms the head of the bolt or rivet. At the moment
when the header retires the excentric N, placed on the arbor G, Fig. 4,
acts on the spring of the tap M, which allows a sufficient quantity of water to
escape to cool the header and feed the reservoir in which the lower parts of
the matrix plate bathe continually. As soon as the head of the bolt or rivet
is formed it remains in the matrix hole, which occupies in turning successively
all the positions indicated, Fig. 3, from that marked F to that marked K,
where the rivet is pushed out of the matrix hole by the rod L, which communi-
cates with the connecting shaft L', Figs. 1 and 2. The result of the sub-
mersion of the matrix plate, the matrix holes, and the rivets in the reservoir
of water is to cool them and facilitate the pushing of the rivet, which is dilated
by the heat and the pressure used for the formation of the head from the
matrix hole. At the moment when the bar is cut, the rod a placed in the
knife bearer is pressed by the segment H", and its lower extremity presses on
this bar for the purpose of maintaining it in its place, while the chariot B
recedes in order to take a new hold on the bar and bring forward into another
matrix hole the length necessary for the formation of a new rivet.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and the manner in
which it is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not intend
to confine myself to the precise details above given, which may be modified
without departing from the principle of the Invention. But what I claim is,-
First, the disposition of the different parts, which allows the fire in which
the iron is heated to be approached to the machinery.
Second, the mode of watering the header and of cooling it, the matrix plate,
the matrix holes, and the bolts or rivets.
Third, the knife, its disposition, and that of the matrix holes, and the mode
of dividing the iron bar by drawing.

page_text: Fourth, the mode of stamping the heads of the rivets by means of the
header and of the fixed anvil, which receives the shock of the latter.
Fifth, the construction and disposition of the different parts of the machine
which allow the simultaneous and successive working of each of these parts
by a single movement given to the main shaft. The whole as above described
and represented in the annexed Drawings, and all analagous means of obtaining
the same results.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
H. BONNEVILLE. (L.S.)