A Novel Manufacture of Oil Paint in Sheets, applicable for Rendering Fabrics and other Materials Impermeable to Moisture, or for Decorative and similar Purposes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 28th July, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Apr., 1891-Accepted, 23rd May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Novel Manufacture of Oil Paint in Sheets, applicable for Rendering
Fabrics and other Materials Impermeable to Moisture, or for
Decorative and similar Purposes.
I, JULES AUGUSTE MAYNARD of 1 Boulevard St. Denis, Paris, France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of a novel manufacture of oil paint in the form of sheets.
These oil paint sheets can be employed to render fabrics impermeable by fixing
them between two fabrics as hereinafter described, or they can be used for
decorative purposes such for example as wall coverings, or for other purposes.
I manufacture the oil paint sheets as follows:-
Upon an unsized paper free from blisters, straws and other defects, I spread with
a brush a uniform coat of a hot solution of dextrine in water; I allow this coat to
dry and the next day I apply upon it a layer of siccative oil paint which I leave to
dry in the air for from 4 to 8 days according to the season and the state of the
atmosphere. The layer of paint should be as uniform as possible and of very equal
thickness; it is therefore preferable to apply it by a machine but it can be done
with a brush. Any of the siccative oils such as linseed, poppy, hempseed, &c., can
be employed by themselves, but after they have been deprived by deposit, filtration,
or decantation of the mucilaginous matters they contain. They should be prepared
with a lead manganese siccative and never be overheated or two much thickened
by prolonged heat in short they should have the qualities required in an ordinary
oil paint or varnish; the addition of any rapid siccative or of spirits used for
desiccation should be avoided.
The siccative oil is mixed with zinc white and ochres and very finely ground so
as to be perfectly homogeneous and readily spread with a brush or machine.
1 thus obtain a sheet one side of which is paper and the other paint; the paper
merely serves as the vehicle for the sheet of paint as it is subsequently removed
therefrom by simple transfer, it being damped when the paint sheet is to be
utilized.
This paint sheet, which is uniform in tone, can be advantageously employed to
render fabrics impermeable as it is supple, light, free from smell and cheap. It
can be applied to foot coverings and to hats so as to prevent the passage of
perspiration, and to arm-pit dress protectors for example. Or it can be applied
with advantage to the surface of damp walls and to the silvering of mirrors.
The paint sheet can also be usefully employed for making a packing paper.
Also to the inner metal walls of ships' cabins to protect the interior from lowering
of temperature; for this object a body which is a bad conductor, such for example
as paper, is interposed between several layers of the paint.
Further, the paint sheets, decorated or ornamented by any suitable process of
printing or impression, will effect a great change in decorative oil painting, and in
the manufacture or production of trade labels, wall posters, bottle capsules and the
like. In order to decorate or ornament the paint sheet it suffices to impress the
paper vehicle with the designs which it is desired to produce and afterwards to coat
these designs with the paint in the manner already described.
In applying my paint sheets for rendering fabrics impermeable I fix the paint
sheet between two fabrics; this can be done either hot or cold. In the former
case, the sheet is placed between the two thicknesses of fabric and the whole is
then hot calendered, that is to say, passed between heated rollers. In the latter
case, the linseed oils employed in making the paint should be reboiled; a dry paint

page_text: s thus obtained which remains in a sticky or tacky state that enables it to adhere
to the fabrics by simple pressure.
Dated this 28th day of July 1890.
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 & 56 Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Novel Manufacture of Oil Paint in Sheets, applicable for Rendering
Fabrics and other Materials Impermeable to Moisture, or for
Decorative and similar Purposes.
I JULES AUGUSTE MAYNARD of I Boulevard St. Denis, Paris, France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention consists of a novel manufacture of oil paint in the form of sheets.
These oil paint sheets can be employed to render fabrics impermeable by fixing
them thereto or between two fabrics, or they can be used for decorative purposes
such for example as wall coverings, or for other purposes such as for protecting the
silvering of mirrors.
I manufacture the oil paint sheets as follows: Upon an unsized paper free from
blisters, straws and other defects I spread with a brush a uniform coat of a hot
solution of dextrine in water; I allow this coat to dry and then I apply upon it a
layer of siccative oil paint which I leave to dry in the air for a length of time
which will vary with the season and the state of the atmosphere. The layer of
paint should be as uniform as possible and of very equal thickness; it is therefore
preferable to apply it by a machine but it can be done with a brush. Any of the
siccative oils such as linseed, poppy, hempseed &c., can be employed for inaking the
paint, but they must first be deprived by filtration, deposit or decantation of
the mucilaginous matters they contain.
I find, however, that the best results are obtained when I employ linseed oil
boiled with steam and neat's foot oil. I mix these oils together in approximately
the proportions of nine parts of linseed oil to one part of neat's foot oil, and 'I
purity them preferably as follows. I arrange a set of reservoirs having a capacity
of about 13 gallons and into each of these I insert a bag of large meshed cloth and
of a depth about equal to the height of the reservoir. I fill these bags with
charcoal broken up into small pieces of about a quarter to half a cubic inch; I'
pour the oil upon the charcoal and it passes through. When the reservoir is full I'
draw off the oil by a cock placed about two inches from the bottom and pour it
again upon the charcoal. I leave it to settle and after from 12 to 24 hours I draw
it off again. The amount of coke in the bag should be about four pounds for
about 50 pounds of oil to be purified. The sedimentary oil at the bottom of the
reservoirs can afterwards be collected in a separate reservoir and allowed to settle,
and when sufficiently clear it can be drawn off by a cock placed about four inches
from the bottom and mixed with the oil from the previous operation.
as
When I wish to obtain printed surfaces on my oil paint sheets I proceed
follows: I print lithographically upon the paper previously coated with dextrine,.
the printing being made upon the dextrine, but in the reverse way to that followed
in printing in colors upon ordinary paper, that is to say I print the first or ground
color last and the last surface color first. I afterwards coat the whole with a layer
of paint prepared with the purified oil, and after drying I have a sheet from which
I can obtain by simple transfer upon any desired surface, the impression or design
which it is wished to produce, the paper being of course stripped off or removed.
The paint sheets thus made are specially adapted for the production of wall posters,
trade labels and the like.

page_text: For decorating or covering the walls of rooms I take a suitable and sufficiently
thin paper and coat it lightly with the purified oil so that its pores shall be
penetrated. When this coat is dry I coat both sides with several coats of the oil
paint and I thus obtain a paint sheet of say one-twentieth of an inch thick which
can be ornamented as desired. This sheet can be applied to walls just like paper
hangings, but it is preferable to apply it with the aid of the thick oil varnish
known as Dutch varnish. Or I can take sheets or rolls of paper prepared as
hereinbefore described and coat them with three layers (more or less) of the oil
paint on the dextrine coated side. When dry they can be applied by simple
transfer to the surface to be covered, the paper being stripped off or removed.
On this same paper I can print inversely any decorative designs by a machine or
block or lithographically and coat these designs with the oil paint the color of
which should be that of the ground of the decoration. The paint sheet thus
obtained can be applied by transfer as hereinbefore explained.
For rendering textile fabrics, leather and the like, impermeable I make paint
sheets as already described for covering walls, and I transfer them to the fabric, or
I place the paint sheet between two fabrics and pass the whole between heated
rollers or through a calendering machine the rollers of which are sufficiently heated
to allow of the adhesion of the paint sheet by its entering the pores of the fabric
but not heated to an extent which would too much soften the paint and cause it to
pass through the fabric and stain it.
My paint sheets can also be usefully employed as an impermeable packing paper,
and for this purpose I coat one side of a suitable paper with a thin paint made with
the purified oil which will cause the pores of the paper to be impregnated with oil.
The paper will thus always remain supple and strong, and will not be liable to
crack. It will be found also specially useful as a protective backing for the
silvering of mirrors.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The manufacture of oil paint in sheets from purified oils substantially as herein-
before described, the said sheets being adapted for rendering fabrics and other
materials impermeable to moisture, or for decorating or covering walls, or for pro-
tecting the silvering of mirrors, or for other similar purposes, as set forth.
Dated this 23rd day of April 1891.
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agent.