Improved Means for Conserving and for Dissipating Liquid Gases.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1899 -Accepted, 17th June, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means for Conserving and for Dissipating Liquid Gases.
A communication by JOHN FRANKLIN BRADY, of 1820, Melrose Street, Chicago,
in the County of Cook and State of Illinois, United States of America, Real
Estate Agent.
I, GEORGE CECIL DYMOND, M.Inst. M.E., of the Agency for Foreign Patent
Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in
the County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham, in the County of War-
wick, and 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:-
This invention relates to means for preserving and controlling air and other
gases in a liquid state, and the object is to provide a construction which is
adapted to serve as a reservoir which is so insulated that heat will be transmitted
to the liquid gas very slowly from the surrounding atmosphere, or from any
external object near which the apparatus may be brought in contact, so that the
dissipation of the gas when changing from the liquid state may be easily con-
trolled as is hereinafter fully described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawing in which
A, B and C indicate vertical axial sections of three hollow spheres, the
sphere A forming the outside casing within which spheres B and C are sus-
pended in a substantially concentric position.
Sphere B, in this instance is suspended inside of the outer sphere A by means
of the pipe D, and sphere C is held in the centre of sphere B by means of pipe D
and is shown as braced by a series of cords E to prevent lateral or upward move-
ment to any great amount. Cords such as E may also serve as stays between
spheres A and B in case the apparatus is to be subjected to rough usage.
At F is a valve opening outwardly, and which guards an orifice F¹ through
the wall of the outside sphere A, and at G is a valve opening into the
space H between the spheres A and B, and guards an orifice H¹ through the wall
of the sphere B.
Pipe D is disposed through and is secured gas tight to the walls of spheres A
and B, and terminates in the wall of the central sphere C, where it is enlarged
to form a small chamber J which is adapted to contain a valve J which opens
inwardly and guards the passageway leading out from sphere C to the outer
surface of sphere A through pipe D.
Sphere C is usually made of a skeleton of metal wire or of thin sheet metal
perforated at the top portion, and covered with some good heat non-conductor,
which may be pervious to the passage of gas in the upper portion thereof, or
may be provided with an outwardly opening spring resisting relief valve C¹.
Sphere C may be constructed entirely of a fibrous textile fabric or be woven
or knit into the form of a sphere whose wall in the lower portion thereof is not

page_text: pervious to a liquid gas under an ordinarily low pressure, such as arises through
gravity. The pipe D is made of some good heat non-conductor either with or
without a metal strengthening skeleton and the cords E of some similar material
so that the whole apparatus is made of material or materials forming receptacles
so relatively arranged and connected that liquid gases may be conserved for a
much greater length of time than attained by apparatus of the ordinary con-
struction.
At K is an ordinary tapered plug valve which guards a passage way leading
out from space H between sphere. A and B. The walls of spheres A and B are
constructed of some good heat non-conducting material such as cotton in the
form of a closely woven or knit fabric, which is so combined that it will have
not only great strength but also be substantially impervious to gas under
pressure.
These spheres may also be constructed of any other fibrous material such as
wool, and made airtight in part by means of rubber filling, or these vessels
made be made of paper and strengthened with a wire gauze outer cover, or they
may be made entirely of paper, or paper and cotton or woollen cloth combined,
so as to produce the desired effect.
In use a quantity of liquid gas is introduced through tube D, past valve J,
and into central sphere C, after which valve J closes to prevent the return of
the liquid.
By the necessarily slow acquisition of heat from without, transmitted through
space H, and the hollow space of sphere B, the liquid gas in sphere C will slowly
dissipate through the upper pervious wall or shell thereof or through or past
valve C into the space in sphere B, at a pressure, finally, sufficient to lift valve G
against the pressure of its spring, when space I will be filled with gas above
atmospheric pressure, sufficient to lift valve F against any resistance, such as a
spring, when the gas may be received from the orifice Fi for use as a refrige-
rating agent, or by connecting orifice with a suitable engine, be utilized for
power purposes. It is obvious that, should a pressure of, for an instance, fifty
pounds to the square inch, be desired in sphere B, the valve G may be held to
its seat by a resistance, such as the spring shown, to attain such a result, and
that, should the pressure rise above this amount, the space H would be filled
until sufficient pressure had been obtained to raise valve F against a resistance;
the pressure desired in either one of the spaces being regulated by adjusting the
resistance against the valves. With a resistance against valve G, the pressure
in space H, will always be lower than within sphere B, but the counter pressure
within space H serves to partially relieve the pressure within sphere B so that
the walls or shell of the latter may be of less strength and weight than would
be necessary, if it should be subjected to the full strain arising from the pressure
within.
A greater number of spheres or receptacles, one within the other, than three
may be used, should a still higher pressure be desired in the outer space H.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. In a means for conserving and for dissipating liquid gases, a chamber
adapted to contain liquid gas and a series of other chambers, one within the
other, and all surrounding the liquid gas chamber, spaces between the several
chambers and passage-ways for gas successively connecting the several spaces
and valves guarding the passage-ways, and operating in the manner and for the
purpose substantially as herein before stated.
2. In a
means for conserving and for dissipating liquid gases, a chamber
adapted to contain liquid gas, and a series of other chambers one within the
other, and all surrounding the liquid gas chamber, the wall or shell of each
chamber consisting of a low heat conducting material and spaces between the

page_text: several chambers, passage-ways for gas. between the several spaces with valves
guarding the passage ways, and having limited resistances to the passage of gas,
whereby the gas pressure is higher in the spaces between the central chambers
than in the spaces between the outer chambers, as and for the purpose stated.
3. In a means for conserving and dissipating liquid gases a casing permeable
for gas and forming a central chamber adapted to contain and insulate liquid
gas, a series of other casings, one within the other, and with spaces between the
adjacent casings, the latter named casings surrounding the liquid gas chamber,
and passage-ways for gas connecting the said spaces between the casings, and a
passage-way leading out of the outer space, each of said passage-ways guarded
by outwardly opening, gas operating, counter-pressure valves, substantially as
and for the purpose stated.