IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING AND PREPARING MACHINES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Cunliffe Lister, of Manningham, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING AND
PREPARING MACHINES."
Sealed the 19th September 1860, and dated the 23rd March 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd March 1860.
I, SAMUEL CUNLIFFE LISTER, of Manningham, in the County of York,
5 do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING
AND PREPARING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
My improvements in carding and preparing machines consist, first, in so
arranging and constructing carding engines that each worker shall be stripped
by the back of the teeth of the next worker. This is readily done by removing
the strippers and placing a series of workers close together, so as nearly to
touch, and as each worker moves in the same direction the back of the teeth
of one worker strips the fibre from the back of the teeth of the other. The
last worker on the cylinder is stripped by the one before it, and the fibre is

page_text: delivered from worker to worker until it is delivered by the first worker to the
cylinder to be again recarded by again passing under all the workers.
Another plan which I prefer for the first cylinder of double engines is to
strip the last worker with a stripper running in the same direction as the
worker, only in this instance it is cleared by the points of the cards on the
stripper and not by the back of the teeth, as when one worker clears the other
and the stripper is cleared by the cylinder.
By the plan above described I am enabled to do without strippers, or nearly
so, and to more than double the number of workers, and by reducing the dia-
meters of the workers to less than half the size of those now usually used, I
can have three or four times the number of workers, which is of very great
importance.
Another plan consists in arranging and constructing a cylinder with workers
similar to what I have already described, only that the last worker is cleared
by a brush, which presses the fibre into the teeth of the cylinder or drum,
and when the teeth are full the fibrous material is removed by the work-
man in a lap, or instead of a brush the last worker may be cleared by a card
roller which is stripped by the cylinder; and instead of allowing the fibre to
accumulate on the drum it may be kept clear from fibre by another drum or
cylinder upon which the fibre is accumulated, and removed in a lap.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd September 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
Cunliffe Lister, of Manningham, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me
the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister, Her special licence that I, the said Samuel
Cunliffe Lister, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-

page_text: MENTS IN CARDING AND PREPARING MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
My improvements in carding and preparing machines consist, first, in so
arranging and constructing carding engines that each worker shall be stripped
by the back of the teeth of the next worker. This is readily done by removing
the strippers and placing a series of workers close together so as to touch, and
as each worker moves in the same direction, the back of the teeth of one
worker strips the fibre from the back of the teeth of the other, the last worker
on the cylinder is stripped by the one before it, and the fibre is delivered from
worker to worker until it is delivered by the first worker to the cylinder, to be
again recarded by again passing under all the workers.
Another plan which I prefer for the first cylinder of a double engine is to
strip the last worker with a stripper running in the same direction as the
worker, only in this instance it is cleared by the point of the card on the
stripper and not by the back of the teeth (as when one worker cleans the other),
and the stripper is cleared by the cylinder.
By the plan above described I am enabled to do without strippers, or nearly
so, and to more than double the number of workers, and by reducing the dia-
meters of the workers to less than half the size that are now usually used, I
can have three or four times the number of workers, which is of very great
importance.
Another plan consists in arranging and constructing a cylinder with workers
similar to what I have already described, only that the last worker is cleared
by a brush, which presses the fibre into the teeth of the cylinder or drum, and
when the teeth are full the fibrous material is removed by the workman in a
lap, or instead of a brush, the last worker may be cleared by a card roller.
which is stripped by the cylinder and instead of allowing the fibre to accumu-.
late on the drum it may be kept clear from fibre by another drum or cylinder,
upon which the fibre is accumulated and removed in a lap.

page_text: Having now stated the nature or my invention, I win proceed to describe
'the manner in which I put it into operation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews a diagram of so much of a carding engine constructed
according to my Invention, as will enable a person acquainted with carding
machinery to construct a carding engine in accordance with my Invention.
a is the cylinder, and b, b, are the workers, which are set close to each other,
so that the fibres which one worker carries up from the face of the cylinder
will be wiped off by the back of the teeth of the next worker, and carried
down to the cylinder again, and so on, until the fibre arrives at the last worker
6', which (if the fibre requires further working) is allowed to carry the fibres
from the face of the cylinder, as shewn, and deliver them back in the form of
a fleece on the upper side of the workers, to be re-delivered to the cylinder by
the first worker 62 of the series. If the fibre is of such a nature as to be suffi-
ciently acted upon by passing once through the series of workers, the last
worker b' may be turned end for end, in which case the teeth will point in the
same direction as an ordinary stripper, and it will strip the worker 68 and
deliver the fibres to the cylinder a to be carried to the doffer c. In cases
where the fibre dealt with is too long to be thrown on to an ordinary doffing
roller, as shewn, I turn it end for end, so that the teeth of the doffer will point
in the same direction as an ordinary stripper, and I then cause the doffer to
revolve at a higher surface speed than the cylinder, so that the doffer will strip
off the fibre from the face of the cylinder and accumulate it in the form of a
lap, which must be removed from time to time by the workman; a brush may
be used to press the fibre into the doffer, and a fancy may be applied to the
cylinder to raise the fibre on to the surface of the card; or in place of accumu-
lating the fibre on to a doffing roller it may be accumulated on to the cylinder
itself, and if the roller b' is worked as a stripper so as to deliver the fibre which
has passed under the workers to the cylinder, a brush may be used to press
the fibres into the cylinder, or the roller b' may be a brush and may be used to
press the fibre into the teeth of the cylinder a, to be removed therefrom in the
form of a lap. And I have found it desirable when opening cocoons to turn
end for end every alternate worker, so as to make it work as a stripper, or
(which I prefer) to introduce in the place of every alternate worker a brush
which acts as a stripper, as well as making the last roller in the series a brush.
This arrangement is shown at Figure 2.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in

page_text: which I propose to carry it into operation, I would remark, that the number
and diameters of the rollers and cylinders employed, together with the character
of the teeth employed may be greatly varied without departing from the nature
of my Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
W. TONGUE.
S. C. LISTER. (L.S.)