Improvements in Hot Air Ovens applicable to Various Purposes.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Aug., 1898-Accepted, 12th Nov., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hot Air Ovens applicable to Various Purposes.
I, JAMES SOUTHWICK, of Glascote Road, Tamworth, in the County of Stafford,
Engineer and Iron Founder, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
11
My invention has for its object improvements in hot air ovens applicable to
various purposes, such for instance as for drying bricks by forcing drawing or
circulating hot air through the bricks in their green state so as to expel the
moisture, or for heating stoves in iron foundry's, for drying mould cores, &c. and
also for drying and heating purposes generally.
In order that my invention may be more clearly understood and easily carried
into practicle effect I have appended hereunto three double sized sheets of draw-
ings upon which I have illustrated an example of my improvements as applied
for the purpose of drying bricks.
Figure 1, is a front elevation of my apparatus as applied for the purpose of
drying bricks.
Figure 2, is a plan view of Figure 1, shewing the roof of the drying chamber
removed.
an enlarged scale
Figure 4, is a cross sectional plan view of my hot air oven also on an enlarged
scale.
Figure 3, is a sectional elevation of my hot air oven on
shewing two of the pipes F only.
In carrying my invention into practice I form my hot oven A preferably
circular in cross section from iron plates, rivetted together by the rivets a¹.
The interior of this oven is preferably lined with fire bricks a² as shewn at
Figures 3, and 4 or the oven may be built entirely of bricks with tying hoops
for holding the structure together. At the base of this oven I construct the
furnace or fire grate B which is provided with the furnace door b. In the
interior of this oven I construct the air flues or passages or pipes D and I)¹
which are situated around the sides of the oven above the furnace and resting
upon the brick work E.--These air flues or passages 1) and D¹ communicate with
one another by means of the perpendicular pipes or flues F which are bent
Ushape, each end respectively fitting into holes formed in the top of the flues D
and D as clearly shewn at Figure 3. Connected to the air flue D by means of
the inlet junction is the fan or blower H or the like and this fan or blower
or its equivalents is driven from the engine J or its equivalent by the driving
band . An outlet junction 3 is also provided which junction communicates
with the air flue D'. It will thus be seen that when the fan or blower H is set
in motion air is forced into the flue D but the air is prevented from circulating

page_text: entirely around this flue by means of partitions or walls formed at the end
where the outlet junction is situated so that the air passes up the branches
of the flues F which communicate with the flue D and down the other branches
into the flue D' and out at the outlet junction d³ whence it passes along the
flue or air passage k¹ formed at the side of the drying chamber K, in which
the bricks or other articles to be dried are stacked.
This air passage k¹ communicates with the drying chamber by means of the
openings which are formed at or near the base of the wall of the drying
chamber.
Similar openings are also formed preferably at or near the base of the wall
on the opposite side of the drying chamber as clearly shewn at Figure 2 for
allowing the spent air to escape.
The air as it passes along the various pipes or flues in the oven is heated by
means of the fire in the furnace B, and in order to more effectually retain the
heat in the furnace I provide the plate L on the top of flues F which as the heat
rises spreads it out thus causing it to freely circulate around the pipes. In order
to allow the smoke and consumed gases to escape I provide the chimney or outlet
pipe N on the top of the oven A, and on the top of this pipe I fix the damper N¹
for regulating the heat in the oven.
The outlet junction d³ of the oven may be connected to two or more drying
chambers and while one or the other is being emptied the hot air may be shut
off by dampers or the like and allowed to pass into the other chamber or cham-
bers thus saving time while the contents of the drying chamber or chambers
are being discharged and refilled.
In some cases I may use more than two air flues or pipes such as D, D¹ each
communicating with the other by air pipes such as F.
When using my oven for heating buildings and the like a pipe for conveying
the hot air to various parts of the building will be connected to the outlet junc-
tion d³.
By the use of hot air ovens constructed according to my invention I am
enabled to effect a saving in fuel as a comparatively small fire will heat the air
to the required temperature and I am also enabled to produce bricks of a superior
finish as they are in no way discoloured by smoke mingling with the hot air
which is usually the case with bricks dried according to the present system.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
CLAIMS.
First: The improvements in hot air ovens applicable to various purposes con-
sisting essentially of the oven such as A having a furnace such as B or its
equivalent, air flues or pipes such as D, D¹, communicating with each other
by a number of branch pipes such as F a deflector or spreader such as L all
arranged in the manner and for the purpose substantially as herein set forth and
as shewn upon the accompanying sheets of drawings.
Second: In hot air ovens forcing the air to be heated by means of a blower
fan or the like through an inlet such as 2 into a flue or flues such as D from
whence it passes through a number of pipes or branch flues such as F into a
flue or flues such as D which communicates with a flue or air passage such as k¹
along which the air which is now heated passes and from thence through open-
ings such as into a drying chamber K and out at openings such as 3 in the
manner.and for the purpose substantially as herein set forth and as shewn upon
the accompanying sheets of drawings.
Third-Heating air for drying warming and similar nurnascis the forming

page_text: municating with each other by branch pipes such as F all arranged in the
interior of an oven such as A in the manner substantially as herein set forth
and as shewn upon the accompanying sheets of, drawings.
D
JAMES SOUTHWICK,
By George Barker,
Fellow of the Chartered Inst. of Patent Agents,
.77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.