IMPROVEMENTS IN GLAZING HORTICULTURAL AND OTHER STRUCTURES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Beard, of Bury St. Edmunds, in the County
of Suffolk, Esquire, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GLAZING
HORTICULTURAL AND OTHER STRUCTURES."
Sealed the 30th September 1864, and dated the 7th April 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Beard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th April 1864.
I, CHARLES BEARD, of Bury St. Edmunds, in the County of Suffolk, Esquire,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GLAZING
HORTICULTURAL AND OTHER STRUCTURES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in glazing horticultural and
other structures. For this purpose, in place of supporting the squares of glass
with which the building is to be glazed on iron bars made with the usual sash
bar rabbet, the squares of glass are supported by bars of T iron, or iron of
other suitable section, having one flat side, upon which the side edges of the
squares of glass are to rest, and the squares of glass are held against the flat
side of the T or other iron by bars of half-round or other suitable section of iron
having a flat side; the edges of the squares of glass being nipped between the
flat side, of the T and the flat side of the half-round iron; between the surfaces
of the glass and the flat sides of the bar iron, strips of very thick soft paper or
paper wadding or material manufactured from a pulpy substance or any soft
elastic fabric are placed, thus avoiding the use of putty. The outer bars of
iron are drawn towards the inner bars of T or other iron by means of screws
or otherwise. The squares of glass are cut to any suitable length, and are of
a width slightly less than the distance between any two of the T or other sash
bars, so that the flat side of each sash bar-may support the side edges of two

page_text: squares of glass; the squares of glass are so placed together that each corner of
a square of glass meets the corners of three other squares, and the corners of
all the squares are cut away thus,
in order to form spaces where-
ever the corners of four squares of glass come together, through which the
screws which draw together the upper and under bars may pass. In glazing
a horticultural or other building in this manner, the T or other sash bars are
first erected in their proper positions, a strip of thick paper or other soft fabric
is then laid along the flat side of the T or other bar; the squares of glass
which come in each side of a bar are then put in their place, the side edges of
the squares of glass which come on opposite sides of the bar being brought
together as nearly as is convenient, in the middle of the bar. A strip of thick
paper or other fabric is then laid along the edges of the glass, where they
come together side by side, and over this is placed a length of the half-round
or other suitable bar, and this bar is then screwed to, or otherwise drawn
towards the T or other bar; the screws, when screws are used, being
situated at the points where the corners of the squares of glass come together,
as above described. Suitable holes to receive the screws are formed in the bars
previous to their being erected in their places. The bars may, if desired, be
galvanized, or they may be otherwise coated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Beard in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th October 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
BEARD, of Bury Saint Edmunds, in the County of Suffolk, Esquire, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of April, in the year of 'our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Charles Beard; Her special licence that I, the said
Charles Beard, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Charles Beard, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might

page_text: make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN GLAZING HORTICULTURAL AND OTHER STRUCTURES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Charles Beard, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Beard, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
•
This Invention has for its object "Improvements in Glazing Horticultural.
and other Structures." For this purpose, in place of supporting the squares of
glass with which the building is to be glazed on iron bars made with the
usual sash bar rabbit, as is common when iron sash bars are employed,
the squares of glass are supported by bars of T-iron, or iron of other suitable.
section, having one flat side upon which the side edges of the squares of glass
are to rest, and the squares of glass are held against the flat side of the T or
other iron by bars of half-round or other suitable section of iron, having a flat
side; the edges of the squares of glass being nipped between the flat side of
the T and the flat side of the half-round iron, between the surfaces of the
glass, and the flat sides of bar-iron strips of very thick soft paper or paper
wadding or materials manufactured from a pulpy substance, or any soft elastic
fabric are placed, thus avoiding the use of putty. The outer bars of iron are.
drawn towards the inner bars of T or other iron by means of screws or otherwise.
The squares of glass are cut to any suitable length, and are of a width slightly
less than the distance between any two of the T or other sash bars, so that
the flat side of each sash bar may support the side edges of two squares of
glass; the squares of glass are so placed together that each corner of a square
of glass meets the corners of three other squares, and the corners of all the
squares are cut away thus,
in order to form spaces wherever the
corners of four squares of glass come together, through which the screws
which draw together the upper and under bars may pass. In glazing a
horticultural or other building in this manner, the T or other sash bars are
first erected in the proper positions, a strip of thick paper or other soft fabrio
is then laid along the flat side of the T or other bar; the squares of glass

page_text: in place of using separate screws b, b, screw studs ff, are fixed in the iron
sash bars a, a, and these receive the covering bars e, e, upon them, and nuts
screwed on to the ends of the studs retain the covering bars securely in their
places. Figure 6 is a side view of the sash bar with the studs f,f, fixed in it.
Figure 7 is a longitudinal section of Figure 1, showing the upper and under
bar a and e, drawn together by means of a wedge h; Figure 8, a transverse
section of the same; Figure 9 represents a strip of elastic material before
described, c, which is supposed to be about the width of the top and bottom
bars, with holes at suitable distances to receive the screws or studs placed along
the bar. Figure 10, a transverse section of the same, shewing its position as
applied to the bar.
I wish it to be distinctly understood, that I do not confine my claim to the
particular mode described of applying the elastic material. Other modes will
suggest themselves, viz., the elastic material may be folded round the edges of
each square of glass where they rest along the sash bars; or where angular
sash bars are used the elastic material may be laid along these sash bars to
accommodate itself to receive the glass.
I distinctly claim the principle as my Invention of using the non-conducting
elastic material before described for glazing horticultural buildings, viz., by
placing the elastic non-conducting material between the inner and outer iron
sash.bars, the glass being placed between the elastic material. The bars are
then screwed or drawn together as described, nipping the glass firmly between
the elastic material.
By glazing horticultural and other buildings in the manner herein described,
not only is the glass placed readily in position, and the erection of these
buildings much simplified, but the important advantage is secured of
neutralizing atmospheric conduction.
By these improvements, most important objections to iron houses have been
removed, objections which have hitherto prevented their general adoption for
horticultural purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Beard, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.