IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS' WATER AND OTHER WATER CLOSETS
Year: 1885

page_text: We JAMES BERESFORD and WILLIAM RESTALL both of N° 78 Summer Row
Birmingham in the County of Warwick Manufacturers and Co-partners do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS' WATER
AND OTHER WATER CLOSETS to be as follows:-
Our improvements are principally applicable to such ships water closets as are
stationed below the water line of the ship and to water closets stationed in
basements or at a level below that of the drain off or sewer into which the
excrementitious matter is to be passed but our improvements may also be applied
to water closets otherwise stationed.
For convenience of description we will describe our invention as applied to a
ships water closet.
Our invention consists of the construction and combination or arrangement of
the parts of appliances herein after described operated by means of a single lever
for pumping the flushing and cleansing water of the closet and for withdrawing
the soil and liquid from the closet basin and forcing and ejecting them from the
closet to any required elevation.
We arrange in the same line and near one another a pump for pumping the
flushing water (hereinafter called the water supply pump) and a force pump for
withdrawing the soil and liquid from the basin and forcing and ejecting them from
the closet the piston rods of the two pumps being connected to a horizontal hand
worked lever situated above the seat level of the closet the distant end of the said
hand lever being jointed to a rocking arm on a stationary part of the closet. The
top of the water supply pump is in communication by means of a pipe or passage
with the top of the closet basin and the bottom of the force pump is in communi-
cation by means of a passage with the open bottom of the closet basin a valve
opening outwards being situated in the said passage near the open bottom of the
closet basin. The end of the last named passage most distant from the closet basin
opens into the bottom of the force pump cylinder through a valve opening upwards.
In communication with the side of the force pump cylinder and above the valve
therein is a passage or channel which opens into a receiver surmounted by a
delivery pipe the connection between the receiver and the delivery pipe being
effected by means of a valve opening upwards. By working the hand lever
described both pumps are operated flushing water being pumped by the water

page_text: supply pump into the basin and the soil and liquid from the basin being withdrawn
therefrom and forced and ejected by the action of the force pump to any desired
elevation. In this way the three operations are performed by working a single
lever that is flushing water is pumped into the basin the soil and liquid are
withdrawn from the basin and forced from the closet and ejected at the delivery
pipe.
We make the piston rods of the two pumps detachable from the hand lever
working them so that they can be worked independently of one another. For
example when it is wished to cleanse the closet basin the force pump piston rod is
disconnected from the hand lever and sufficient water having been delivered into
the basin and passage to cleanse them by operating the hand lever the water
supply piston rod is disconnected and the force pump piston rod reconnected with
the hand lever and by working the latter the cleansing water is withdrawn from
the basin and ejected from the closet.
We effect the connection of the piston rods with the hand lever by means of
cross axes small lever catches on the sides of the hand lever engaging with necks
in the ends of the said cross axes. By lifting these lever catches on their joints the
connecting axes of the piston rods are unfastened and may be withdrawn from the
hand lever. The seat proper of the closet is hinged at its back so that when
the closet is used as a urinal the said seat may be lifted and thereby prevented
from being wetted. Underneath the said hinged seat is a metal covered surface
as usual.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants. 2

page_text: improvements in ships water Closets and other water Closets.
We JAMES BERESFORD and WILLIAM RESTALL both of N° 78 Summer Row
Birmingham in the County of Warwick Manufacturers and Co-partners do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
";
Our improvements are principally applicable to such ships' water closets as are
stationed below the water line of the ship and to water closets stationed in
basements or at a level below that of the drain off or sewer into which the
excrementitious matter is to be passed but our improvements may also be applied
to water closets otherwise stationed.
For convenience of description we will describe our invention as applied to a
ship's water closet.
}
Our invention consists of the construction and combination or arrangement of
the parts of appliances hereinafter described operated by means of a single lever for
pumping the flushing and cleansing water of the closet and for withdrawing the
soil and liquid from the closet basin and forcing and ejecting them from the closet
to any required elevation.
1
We arrange in the same line and near one another a pump for pumping the
flushing water (hereinafter called the water supply pump) and a force pump for
withdrawing the soil and liquid from the basin and forcing and ejecting them
from the closet, the piston rods of the two pumps being connected to a horizontal
band worked lever situated above the seat level of the closet, the distant end of
the said hand lever being jointed to a rocking arm on a stationary part of the
closet.
-
The top of the water supply pump is in communication by means of a pipe or
passage with, the top of the closet basin and the bottom of the force pump is in
communication by means of a passage with the open bottom of the closet basin, a
valve opening outwards being situated in the said passage near the open bottom
of the closet basin. The end of the last named passage most distant from the closet
basin opens into the bottom of the force pump cylinder through a valve opening
upwards. In communication with the side of the force pump cylinder and above
the valve therein is a passage or channel which opens into a receiver surmounted
by a delivery pipe, the connection between the receiver and the delivery pipe being
effected by means of a valve opening upwards. By working the hand lever
described both pumps are operated, flushing water being pumped by the water
supply pump into the basin and the soil and liquid from the basin being withdrawn
therefrom and forced and ejected by the action of the force pump to any desired
elevation. In this way, the three operations are performed by working a single
lever; that is, flushing water is pumped into the basin, the soil and liquid are
withdrawn from the basin and forced from the closet and ejected at the delivery
pipe.
We make the piston rods of the two pumps detachable from the hand lever
working them so that they can be worked independently of one another. For

page_text: example, when it is wished to cleanse the closet basin, the force pump piston rod is
disconnected from the hand lever and sufficient water having been delivered into.
the basin and passage to cleanse them by operating the hand lever, the water
supply piston rod is disconnected and the force pump piston rod reconnected with
the hand lever and by working the latter the cleansing water is withdrawn from
the basin and ejected from the closet.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents in side elevation and Figure 2
in plan a ship's water closet or other water closet containing our improvements.
Figures 3 and 4 represent vertical sections of the same taken in planes at right
angles to one another, the section Figure 3 being taken through the force pump
cylinder, soil receiver and delivery pipe and the section Figure 4 being taken
through the force pump cylinder and water closet basin Figure 5 represents in
side elevation and Figure 6 in plan the channel from the basin and the soil receiver,
the said parts supporting the water supply pump, the force pump, and the delivery
pipe; Figures 7 and 8 represent the hand lever by which the water supply pump
and the force pump are worked; Figure 9 represents one of the lever catches
Beparately.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the
Drawings.
b is the water supply pump of the ordinary kind the upper part of the said pump
being in communication by means of the horizontal pipe c with the top of the basin
of the closet; a is the force pump situated in a line with and near to the water
supply pump b. The piston rods 6³, a* of the pistons of the pumps b and a are
connected in the manner herein after described to the horizontal hand lever e
jointed to the rocking arm f turning on a fixed part of the closet. The piston
rod a is connected directly to the lever e but the piston rod 6' is connected to the
lever e through the link motion at 63. The bottom of the force pump a is situated
over two openings g and h between the passage k and the soil receiver m and over
the opening his a valve i opening upwards.
The opening is in communication by means of the passage k with the bottom
of the basin d (see Figures 4 and 6) the end of the said. passage k near the basin
being provided with a valve opening outwards (see Figure 4). The second
opening g over which the force pump a is situated is in communication with the
soil receiver m the said receiver m being situated at right angles to the passage k.
The receiver m is surmounted by the delivery pipe n which may pass upwards to
any desired height. A valve p opening upwards is placed between the receiver m
and the delivery pipe n as seen in Figure 3.
By working the hand lever e both the pumps 6 and a are operated, flushing
water being pumped by the water supply pump 6 into the basin d and the soil and
liquid from the basin d being withdrawn therefrom by the pump a and forced and
ejected by the said pump a to any desired elevation... That is to say, as the piston
of the pump a rises in its cylinder, the valves and i are opened and the soil is
withdrawn through the open valves into the pump cylinder a and as the piston of
the said pump descends the soil is forced from the cylinder through the opening g
into the receiver m and delivery pipe n, the valve p between the receiver m and
the delivery pipe n opening and the valve i at the bottom of the pump cylinder
closing as the piston descends as will be understood by an examination of Figure 3.
Thus, by the working of the single hand lever e the three operations of pumping
the flushing water, withdrawing the soil from the basin and forcing it into the
delivery pipe are effected.
The piston rod a³ and the link motion b³ of the rod 6% of the two pumps a and b
are made detachable from the hand lever e in the following manner.
On the said lever e are caps q, q which fit upon the upper ends of the piston rod
and link motion in the manner represented in Figure 4. The connection of the
piston rods with the hand lever e is effected by the cross axes r, reach axis having
a head at one end and a neck or groove at the opposite end. On one side of the
hand levere small lever catches 8, 8 are jointed which when shut down engage

page_text: with the necks or grooves in the cross axes r, r and thereby prevent the withdrawal
of the said axes and fasten the piston rods to the hand lever.
•
By lifting the lever catches s, s from the cross axes r, r the said axes are
unfastened and may be withdrawn from the hand lever and the piston rods dis-
connected from the said hand lever.
When it is wished to work the two pumps independently of one another, one or
other of the two cross axes r is unfastened and removed. Should it be desired to
cleanse the closet basin, the force pump piston rod a³ is disconnected from the hand
lever e and sufficient water having been delivered into the basin by the water
supply pump b the said water supply pump is disconnected from the hand lever e
and the force pump reconnected with the hand lever and by working the hand
lever the cleansing water is withdrawn from the basin and ejected from the closet.
The seat proper of the closet is hinged at its back so that when the closet is used
as a urinal the said seat may be lifted and thereby protected from being wetted.
Underneath the said hinged seat is a metal covered surface as usual.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we claim
as our invention of " Improvements in ships' water closets and other water
closets "
First. Arranging in the same line and near one another a pump for pumping
the flushing water and a force pump for withdrawing the soil and liquid from the
closet basin and for forcing and ejecting them from the closet and working the said
pumps by a single horizontal hand lever substantially as herein before described
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The combination of the force pump and its connection with the closet
basin with the soil receiver and delivery pipe substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly. The arrangement or combination of parts hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings for detaching the hand lever from the
two pumps so that they can be worked independently of one another for the
purpose and substantially as described and illustrated.