Improvements in Centrifugal Apparatus for Separating Liquid and Solid Matters.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 25th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 1s: Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Apparatus for Separating Liquid and
Solid Matters.
I, DUNCAN STEWART, of The London Road Iron Works, in the County of the
City of Glasgow, North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows, that is to say :-
My said invention relates to centrifugal apparatus which is to some extent of the
kind described in my Patent Specification, No. 13655 of 1888, and has for its
object to construct such apparatus in an improved manner and so that whilst
applicable for continuously treating various mixtures of liquids and solids it may
operate expeditiously and satisfactorily on mixtures comprising a considerable
quantity of liquid.
My improved apparatus comprises an outer turbine or basket and an inner drum
which are cylindrical or slightly coned and have an annular space between them.
Helical blades are fixed on the inner drum and control the movement of the matters
operated on from one end, the smaller end when the turbine and drum are conical,
to the other end. The inner drum is fixed on a central shaft in a horizontal,
inclined, or vertical position, and the turbine is fixed upon a tubular shaft which is
upon the central shaft, both turbine and inner drum being to some extent overhung
on their shafts. The shafts are carried in suitable bearings, and are driven by
means of separate pulleys so as to have slightly different speeds, the action of the
helical blades depending on the difference between the speeds. The helical blades
are preferably of greater pitch at and near the larger or outer end of the inner
drum.
The mixture to be operated on is fed in through a curved funnel from the outer
end of the turbine and inner drum, such funnel having in it a conveying screw if
found desirable. The feeding funnel may extend in very nearly to the inner end of
the turbine and inner drum the mixture being delivered from it into an annular
channel communicating around its outer part with the annular space between the
turbine and inner drum. Or the feeding funnel may deliver the mixture into a
conical shell within the inner drum the larger end of such shell being at the smaller
end of the inner drum.
The turbine shell is suitably perforated or made or provided with suitable
permeable material, and the liquid is by the centrifugal action carried through the
shell into an outer fixed casing arranged to receive it. In the casing sets of
perforated pipes are arranged to throw jets of water or other fluid upon the outside of
the turbine shell for the purpose of keeping the perforations of the shell clear. In
some cases there may also be perforated pipes within the inner drum, for the
purpose of throwing jets of water or other fluid for cleansing the solid constituents
of the mixture operated on.
The solid constituents are delivered from the larger or outer end of the turbine
into a separate casing or compartment provided to receive them.
Dated this Twenty-ninth day of January 1894
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Apparatus for Separating Liquid and
Solid Matters.
I, DUNCAN STEWART, of The London Road Iron Works, in the County of the
City of Glasgow, North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said invention relates to centrifugal apparatus which is to some extent of the
kind described in my Patent Specification No. 13,655 of 1888, and has for its
object to construct such apparatus in an improved manner and so that whilst
applicable for continuously treating various mixtures of liquids and solids it may
operate expeditiously and satisfactorily on mixtures comprising a considerable
quantity of liquid.
My improved apparatus comprises an outer turbine or basket and an inner drum
which are cylindrical or slightly coned and have an annular space between them.
Helical blades are fixed on the inner drum and control the movement of the matters
operated on from one end to the other end. The inner drum is fixed on a central
shaft in a horizontal, inclined, or vertical position, and the turbine is fixed upon a
tubular shaft which is upon the central shaft, the shafts being driven so as to have
slightly different speeds, the action of the helical blades depending on the difference
between the speeds.
The mixture to be operated on is fed in through a curved funnel from the outer
end of the turbine and inner drum such funnel having in it a conveying screw if
found desirable. The feeding funnel may extend in very nearly to the inner end
of the turbine and inner drum the mixture being delivered from it into an annular
channel communicating around its outer part with the annular space between the
turbine and inner drum. Or the feeding funnel may deliver the mixture into a
conical shell within the inner drum the larger end of such shell being at the smaller
end of the inner drum.
The turbine shell is suitably perforated or made or provided with suitable
permeable material, and the liquid is by the centrifugal action carried through the
shell into an outer fixed casing arranged to receive it.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same may
be properly understood, I hereunto append two sheets of explanatory drawings, to
be hereinafter referred to, and showing centrifugal apparatus as made with my
improvements.
Figure, 1, on Sheet, 1, of the drawings is a longitudinal vertical section of one
modification.
Figure, 2, on Sheet, 2, is a longitudinal vertical section of a part of a second
modification, Figure, 3, being an elevation, as at right angles to Figure, 2, of the
same.
In these drawings the same reference letters are used to mark the same or like
parts wherever they are repeated.
My improved apparatus shown on Sheets, 1, and, 2, of the drawings comprises an
outer turbine or basket, A, and an inner drum, B, which are cylindrical or slightly
coned and have an annular space between them. Helical blades, B 2, are fixed on
the inner drum, B, and control the movement of the matters operated on from one
end, the smaller end when the turbine and drum are conical,--to the other end.
The inner drum, B, is fixed on a central shaft, C, in a horizontal (or it might be in
an inclined or vertical) position and the turbine, A, is fixed upon a tubular shaft, G,
which is upon the central shaft, both turbine and inner drum being to some
extent overhung on their shafts. The shafts, C, and, G, are carried in suitable
bearings, H1, H2, and H 3, and are driven by means of separate pulleys, J, and, K,
so as to have slightly different speeds, the action of the helical blades, B2,

page_text: depending on the difference between the speeds. The helical blades, B2, are
preferably of greater pitch at and near the larger or outer ends of the drums.
The mixture to be operated on is fed in through a curved funnel, D, from the
outer end of the turbine, A, and inner drum, B, such funnel having in it a
conveying screw, E, (shown in Figure, 2, only) if found desirable. In the
modification shown in Figure, 1, the feeding funnel, D, delivers the mixture into a
conical shell, A. 1, within the inner drum, B, the larger end of such shell being at
the smaller end of the inner drum. In the modification shown in Figures, 2, and, 3,
the feeding funnel, D, extends in very nearly to the inner end of the turbine, A,
aud inner drum, B, the mixture being delivered from it into an annular channel, D2,
communicating around its outer part with the annular space between the turbine and
inner drum.
The turbine shell, A, is suitably perforated (the perforations being however not
shown) or it might be made or provided with suitable permeable material, and the
liquid is by the centrifugal action carried through the shell into an outer
fixed casing, L, arranged to receive it. In the casing, L, sets of perforated
pipes, R, and, S, are arranged to throw jets of water or other fluid upon the outside
of the turbine shell, A, for the purpose of keeping the perforations of the shell
clear. There are also perforated pipes, Q, and, Q1, within the inner drum, B,
for the purpose of throwing jets of water or other fluid for cleansing the solid
constituents of the mixture operated ou.
The solid constituents are delivered from the larger or outer end of the turbine, A,
into a separate casing or compartment, N, provided to receive them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is :-
1. The constructing, combining, and arranging of the parts constituting as a
whole the improved centrifugal apparatus for continuously separating liquid and
solid matters, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure, 1,
of the accompanying drawings.
2. The constructing combining, and arranging of the parts constituting as a
whole the improved centrifugal apparatus for continuously separating liquid and
solid matters substantially as herein before described with reference to Figures, 2,
and, 3, of the accompanying drawings.
3. In centrifugal apparatus of the kind to which the invention relates providing
means to apply regulated sprays or jets of water or other fluid to the outside of
the outer turbine or basket substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described.
4. In centrifugal apparatus of the kind to which the invention relates, providing
means to apply regulated sprays or jets of water or steam or other fluid to the
inside of the inner perforated drum substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described.
Dated this Tranter fronth day of October 1801
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.