DRAWING AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN دو IMPROV PALENID
Year: 1885

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 17th day of May 1888, amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
I SAMUEL HENRY BYRNE of Brighouse in the County of York Wire Manu-
facturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
DRAWING AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
دو
IMPROV PALENID
to be as follows:
IN
WINE
facturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
DRAWING AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
IMPROV PALLANI LA WIRES
"to be as follows
This Invention has for its object improvements in wire drawing and in apparatus
employed therein.
My invention is especially applicable when drawing wire at one operation
through a series of rotating dies as is described in the Specification of a former
Patent granted to me but it is also applicable when drawing wire in other ways.
The invention has reference to the lubrication of the wire as it passes through
the dies.
I provide a pipe which passes to each die and has a nozzle adapted to throw a
jet of liquid into the eye of the die-Stop cocks are provided to stop the flow of
liquid when the machine ceases to work.
I employ in this manner a lubricating liquid prepared by dissolving fatty matter
by the aid of an alkali; I find soft soap dissolved in water to be very suitable-
I supply this solution from an elevated cistern or other in convenient manner under
suitable pressure.
The dies which I employ are of the minerals known as Carbonate and Balas-
this latter mineral has never beretofore been employed in wire drawing-The hole
or eye for drawing the wire is drilled in the mineral in the same way as jewels are
drilled for wire drawing-These dies and especially those of Balas when lubricated
in the manner which I have described by a jet of suitable lubricating liquid thrown
forcibly into the eye work very efficiently and are not subject either to rapid wear
or to breakage.
The liquid running away from the dies passes down into troughs in which
winding pulleys are immersed up to their axes so that the wire as it passes around
the pulleys is carried below the surface of the liquid-These troughs are provided
with overflows which lead the liquid away to a receiver from which it is pumped
back again and re-used.

page_text: by the following statement: -
This invention has for its object improvements in wire drawing and in apparatus
employed therein.
My invention is especially applicable when drawing wire at one operation
through a series of rotating dies as is described in the Specification of a former
Patent granted to me on the 5th Jan 1884-N° 818, but it is also applicable when
drawing wire in other ways.
The invention has reference to the lubrication of the wire as it passes through
the dies.
I provide a pipe which passes to each die and has a nozzle adapted to throw a
jet of liquid into the eye of the dic. Stop cocks are provided to stop the flow of
liquid when the machine ceases to work.
I employ in this manner a lubricating liquid prepared by dissolving fatty matter
by the aid of an alkali; I find soft soap dissolved in water to be very suitable.
I supply this solution from an elevated cistern or in other convenient manner under
suitable pressure.
The dies which I employ are of the minerals known as Carbonate and Balas; these
minerals have never heretofore been employed in wire drawing. The hole or eye
for drawing the wire is drilled in the mineral in the same way as jewels are drilled
for wire drawing. These dies and especially those of Balas when lubricated in the
manner which I have described by a jet of suitable lubricating liquid thrown forcibly
into the eye, work very efficiently and are not subject either to rapid wear or to
breakage.
The liquid running away from the dies passes down into troughs in which
winding pulleys are immersed up to their axes so that the wire as it passes around
the pulleys is carried below the surface of the liquid. These troughs are provided
with overflows which lead the liquid away to a receiver from which it is pumped
back again and reused.
In order that my said invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side elevation and Figure 2 is a plan indicating the present
arrangements of the machine which I employ.
Figures 3 and 4 show separately to a larger scale one of the die holders and parts
immediately in connection therewith and Figures 5 and 6 show the die which is
received into the said holder.
The frame a carries the bearings for the axis of the pulleys 23 band and
by suitable driving gear these axes can be so driven as to give any desired surface

page_text: speed to the periphery of the pulleys. c is a drum also carried by the frame and
capable of turning freely, upon it is placed the wire as it is brought to the machine
and the wire unwinds from this drum as it is drawn forward through the dies.
d is another drum on which the wire is wound as it comes from the dies.
of this drum is driven in order that the drum may wind up the wire as it is
delivered to it. ele e³ e¹ and e³ are brackets on the frame carrying the dies.
The axis
The dies consist of Balas or Pea Bort perforated and set concentrically in a metal
disc and this is inserted into a holder which is provided with a hollow axis through
which the wire passes. The holder in each case has spur teeth upon its periphery
which engage with corresponding teeth upon a pinion on an axis g which is slowly
rotated in order to impart a continuous rotary motion to the dies whilst the machine
is in action.
The wire passes into the machine from the drum c first through the die on the
bracket e thence once around the pulley 61 next through the die at e² and to the
pulley at ² and so on until it arrives at the receiving drum d. The surface speeds
of the pulleys 123 and are carefully adjusted to accord with the extensions
of the wire resulting from its passage through the dies.
ffff and fare nozzle tubes on the pipe f and stop cocks are provided in
connection with them. The nozzles of which the openings may be an eighth of an
inch in diameter are so directed that the streams of liquid issuing from them
impinge in each case at the eye of the die. The liquid which I have found most
suitable for the lubrication of the dies or for application to the dies in this manner
is prepared by boiling one part of soft soap with thirty parts of water until perfect
solution is obtained.
Beneath the pulleys b₁ 63 63 64 and 6 a trough or troughs are provided in which
the said pulleys are immersed nearly up to their axes. This trough to avoid
confusion is not represented in the drawing; it catches the liquid issuing from the
jets after it has impinged upon the dies. This liquid is returned to the cistern in
any convenient manner.
Balas or Pea Bort is a form of carbon found in the beds which also yield
diamonds. The shape it takes is that of pea like balls either clear or more or less
colored. It will not cleave like the diamond in parallel planes but its structure is
radial, it is both tougher and harder than diamond.
In the use of diamonds in the machine above described the loss by breakage is
found to be very serious not only on account of the cost of the gem but also and
mainly on account of the delay in working to which such breakages give rise.
When the eye is formed in Balas or Pea Bort the stone rarely breaks and such
dies are very durable.
Dies made of carbonate when used in the manner described produce good results
but not equal to those obtained with dies of Balas or Pea Bort.
My invention is applicable not only to the drawing of wire of iron and steel but
also to drawing wire of copper or brass and especially fine wire.
Wire of any
metal from which wire is usually made and wire of various sizes may be produced
in accordance with my invention.
The method of lubricating the die by a jet of liquid directed upon the eye.
although especially advantageous when drawing at one operation through several
rotating jewel or stone dies is also useful wherever jewel or stone dies are
employed.
My invention also of dies having the eye formed in the mineral or stone known
as Balas or Pea Bort although especially advantageous when drawing at one
operation through several rotating dies is nevertheless useful in wire drawing by
the more usual and simpler methods.
I claim as my improvements in wire drawing and in annaratus emploved therein

page_text: Second First. The improvement in apparatus for wire drawing in which wire is
drawn through a die having the eye formed in carbonate, Balas or other jewel or like
mineral consisting in providing the said apparatus with a jet pipe or nozzle from
which a stream or jet of liquid issues and impinges at the eye of the die.
Third Second. The improvement in apparatus for wire drawing in which wire is
drawn through a rotating die consisting in providing the said apparatus with a jet
pipe or nozzle from which a stream or jet of liquid issues and impingos at the eye
of the die.
Fourth. Third. The improvement in apparatus for wire drawing in which wire is
drawn at one operation through a series of dies having eyes formed in Balas or jewels
or like minerals consisting in providing the said apparatus with jet pipes or nozzles
from which streams or jets of liquid issue and impinge at the eyes of the dies.
Fifth Adie for drawing wire having the eye-formed in the stone or mineral
called Balas "or Pen Bert.
Sixth. The improvement in apparatus for wire drawing consisting in providing
the same with a series of dies having eyes formed-in- Balus or Pen Bort throngh
which series of eyes the wire is drawn continuously at one-operation.
Seventh. Fourth. The improvement in apparatus for wire drawing consisting in
providing the same with a series of dies which are caused continuously to rotate and
which have eyes formed in Balas or Pea Bort through which the wire is drawn
continuously at one operation.
Dated this 29th day of October 1885.

page_text: I SAMUEL HENRY BYRNE of Brighouse in the County of York Wire Manu-
facturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WIRE
DRAWING AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN " to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in wire drawing and in apparatus
employed therein.
My invention is especially applicable when drawing wire at one operation
through a series of rotating dies as is described in the Specification of a former
Patent granted to me but it is also applicable when drawing wire in other ways.
The invention has reference to the lubrication of the wire as it passes through
the dies.
I provide a pipe which passes to each die and has a nozzle adapted to throw a
jet of liquid into the eye of the die-Stop cocks are provided to stop the flow of
liquid when the machine ceases to work.
I employ in this manner a lubricating liquid prepared by dissolving fatty matter
by the aid of an alkali; I find soft soap dissolved in water to be very suitable―
I supply this solution from an elevated cistern or other in convenient manner under
suitable pressure.
The dies which I employ are of the minerals known as Carbonate and Balas-
this latter mineral has never heretofore been employed in wire drawing-The hole
or eye for drawing the wire is drilled in the mineral in the same way as jewels are
drilled for wire drawing-These dies and especially those of Balas when lubricated
in the manner which I have described by a jet of suitable lubricating liquid thrown
forcibly into the eye work very efficiently and are not subject either to rapid wear
or to breakage.
The liquid running away from the dies passes down into troughs in which
winding pulleys are immersed up to their axes so that the wire as it passes around
the pulleys is carried below the surface of the liquid-These troughs are provided
with overflows which lead the liquid away to a receiver from which it is pumped
back again and re-used.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Wire Drawing and in Apparatus Employed
therein.
I SAMUEL HENRY BYRNE, of Brighouse in the County of York Wire Manu-
facturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WIRE DRAWING AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN" and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object improvements in wire drawing and in apparatus
employed therein.
My invention is especially applicable when drawing wire at one operation
through a series of rotating dies as is described in the Specification of a former
Patent granted to me on the 5th Jany 1884-N° 818, but it is also applicable when
drawing wire in other ways.
The invention has reference to the lubrication of the wire as it passes through
the dies.
I provide a pipe which passes to each die and has a nozzle adapted to throw a
jet of liquid into the eye of the die. Stop cocks are provided to stop the flow of
liquid when the machine ceases to work.
I employ in this manner a lubricating liquid prepared by dissolving fatty matter
by the aid of an alkali; I find soft soap dissolved in water to be very suitable.
I supply this solution from an elevated cistern or in other convenient manner under
suitable pressure.
The dies which I employ are of the minerals known as Carbonate and Balas; these
minerals have never heretofore been employed in wire drawing. The hole or eye
for drawing the wire is drilled in the mineral in the same way as jewels are drilled
for wire drawing. These dies and especially those of Balas when lubricated in the
manner which I have described by a jet of suitable lubricating liquid thrown forcibly
into the eye, work very efficiently and are not subject either to rapid wear or to
breakage.
The liquid running away from the dies passes down into troughs in which
winding pulleys are immersed up to their axes so that the wire as it passes around
the pulleys is carried below the surface of the liquid. These troughs are provided
with overflows which lead the liquid away to a receiver from which it is pumped
back again and reused.
In order that my said invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side elevation and Figure 2 is a plan indicating the present
arrangements of the machine which I employ.
Figures 3 and 4 show separately to a larger scale one of the die holders and parts
immediately in connection there with and Figures 5 and 6 show the die which is
received into the said bolder.
The frame a carries the bearings for the axis of the pulleys 61 62 63 64 and 65 and
by suitable driving gear these axes can be so driven as to give any desired surface

page_text: speed to the periphery of the pulleys. c is a drum also carried by the frame and
capable of turning freely, upon it is placed the wire as it is brought to the machine
and the wire unwinds from this drum as it is drawn forward through the dies.
d is another drum on which the wire is wound as it comes from the dies. The axis
of this drum is driven in order that the drum may wind up the wire as it is
delivered to it. e e²eet and eb are brackets on the frame carrying the dies.
The dies consist of Balas or Pea Bort perforated and set concentrically in a metal
disc and this is inserted into a holder which is provided with a hollow axis through
which the wire passes. The holder in each case has spur teeth upon its periphery
which engage with corresponding teeth upon a pinion on an axis g which is slowly
rotated in order to impart a continuous rotary motion to the dies whilst the machine
is in action.
The wire passes into the machine from the drum c first through the die on the
bracket e thence once around the pulley b¹ next through the die at e² and to the
pulley at 62 and so on until it arrives at the receiving drum d. The surface speeds
of the pulleys 61 62 6³ ³ and 6º are carefully adjusted to accord with the extensions
of the wire resulting from its passage through the dies.
ffff and f³ are nozzle tubes on the pipe f and stop cocks are provided in
connection with them. The nozzles of which the openings may be an eighth of an
inch in diameter are so directed that the streams of liquid issuing from them
impinge in each case at the eye of the die. The liquid which I have found most
suitable for the lubrication of the dies or for application to the dies in this manner
is prepared by boiling one part of soft soap with thirty parts of water until perfect
solution is obtained.
Beneath the pulleys b¹³ 63 64 and 65 a trough or troughs are provided in which
the said pulleys are immersed nearly up to their axes. This trough to avoid
confusion is not represented in the drawing; it catches the liquid issuing from the
jets after it has impinged upon the dies. This liquid is returned to the cistern in
any convenient manner.
Balas or Pea Bort is a form of carbon found in the beds which also yield
diamonds. The shape it takes is that of pea like balls either clear or more or less
colored. It will not cleave like the diamond in parallel planes but its structure is
radial, it is both tougher and harder than diamond.
In the use of diamonds in the machine above described the loss by breakage is
found to be very serious not only on account of the cost of the gem but also and
mainly on account of the delay in working to which such breakages give rise.
When the eye is formed in Balas or Pea Bort the stone rarely breaks and such
dies are very durable.
Dies made of carbonate when used in the manner described produce good results
but not equal to those obtained with dies of Balas or Pea Bort.
My invention is applicable not only to the drawing of wire of iron and steel but
also to drawing wire of copper or brass and especially fine. wire. Wire of any
metal from which wire is usually made and wire of various sizes may be produced
in accordance with my invention.
The method of lubricating the die by a jet of liquid directed upon the eye
although especially advantageous when drawing at one operation through several
rotating jewel or stone dies is also useful wherever jewel or stone dies are
employed.
My invention also of dies having the eye formed in the mineral or stone known
as Balas or Pea Bort although especially advantageous when drawing at one
operation through several rotating dies is nevertheless useful in wire drawing by
the more usual and simpler methods.
I claim as my improvements in wire drawing and in apparatus employed therein
First. The improvement in apparatus for wire drawing consisting in providing
the said apparatus with a jet pipe or nozzle from which a stream or jet of liquid
issues and impinges at the eye of the die.

page_text: Second. The improvement in apparatus for wire drawing in which wire is drawn
through a die having the eye formed in carbonate, Balas or other jewel or like
mineral consisting in providing the said apparatus with a jet pipe or nozzle from
which a stream or jet of liquid issues and impinges at the eye of the die.
Third. The improvement in apparatus for wire drawing in which wire is drawn
through a rotating die consisting in providing the said apparatus with a jet pipe or
nozzle from which a stream or jet of liquid issues and impinges at the eye of
the die.
Fourth. The improvement in apparatus for wire drawing in which wire is drawn
at one operation through a series of dies having eyes formed in Balas or jewels or
like minerals consisting in providing the said apparatus with jet pipes or nozzles
from which streams or jets of liquid issue and impinge at the eyes of the dies.
Fifth. A die for drawing wire having the eye formed in the stone or mineral
called "Balas or Pea Bort.
"
Sixth. The improvement in apparatus for wire drawing consisting in providing
the same with a series of dies having eyes formed in Balas or Pea Bort through
which series of eyes the wire is drawn continuously at one operation.
Seventh. The improvement in apparatus for wire drawing consisting in providing
the same with a series of dies which are caused continuously to rotate and which
have eyes formed in Balas or Pea Bort through which the wire is drawn continuously
at one operation.
Dated this 29th day of October 1885