AN IMPROVED SPRING OR ARRANGEMENT OF SPRINGS FOR WHEEL CARRIAGES
Year: 1837

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
JOSHUA IREMONGER, of Bryanstone Street, Portman Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fourth day of November, in the first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Richard Joshua Iremonger, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Richard Joshua Iremonger, my exors, admors, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Richard Joshua Iremonger, my exors,
adiňors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVED SPRING
OR ARRANGEMENT OF SPRINGS FOR WHEEL CARRIAGES;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said Richard Joshua Iremonger,
shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, 1, the said
Richard Joshua Iremonger, do hereby declare that the nature of my said
invented improvement consists in making the spring or springs of wheel
carriages of such forms, and placing or arranging them in such manner in
connection with the axles or axle-beds that when impinged upon or put in

page_text: motion, they vibrate in a curvilineal direction round the points of suspension
of the body of the carriage, whereby the concussions to which the wheels,
axles, and axle-beds are subject from the inequalities common to the surface of
all roads, and from occasional obstructions, are intercepted by the said springs,
and more effectually diverted from the carriage bodies than by any other mode 5
heretofore in use. And I declare that the manner in which the said Invention
is performed is particularly represented in the Drawing hereunto annexed, and
by the following description thereof, that is to say :-
A is the body of a carriage; B, the perch; C, the hind axle-bed; D, E, a
spring of a bell-crank shape; the lower end of this spring is rigid, and connected
by a link or otherwise to the gallows F, fixed upon the hind axle-bed C, while
the upper arm is flexible, and connected by the strap, cord, or rod G, to a
scroll standard H, of wood or other material. I is the elbow of this bell-crank
spring, to which the loop K may be directly attached by a bolt and nut, a
link, or otherwise; when the suspension loop K is so attached, this elbow
I forms at once the fulcrum or centre of the spring and one of the points of
suspension of the carriage body.
It will be seen that as soon as a concussion takes place at the lower part of the
hind wheel, it will be received by the hind axle bed C, raise the rigid arm of the
bell-crank spring, and bring into action the flexible arm, whilo I, the fulcrum
of the spring, remains nearly stationary, and consequently the carriage body,
of which the said fulcrum forms one of the points of suspension, is only slightly
affected by such concussion. Another method of applying the principle of my
said Invention is shewn in the front part of the carriage represented in the
annexed Drawing; d and e are two quadrants moving on centres fixed in
the bracket or loop g; f, an upright standard secured to the axle-bed i, from
the upper end of which proceed two braces or straps, one of which passes
round the arc of the quadrant d, and the other round the arc of the quadrante,
both being secured to the lower extremities of their respectivo quadrants.
When a concussion takes place with a carriage suspended by such an
arrangement of springs and stays as is represented in this second modification,
it will be transmitted from the axle-bed i to the moveable quadrants d and e,
and tend to pull them forcibly apart at their lower extremities, so that by
introducing a connecting spring & between these extremities, the shock of the
concussion will pass from the quadrants to the spring, and be thus diverted
from the body of the carriage.
The principle of my said Invention may also be carried into eflect by fixing
permanently the centre of a drum spring, similar to that of a watch, but of
proportion::bly greater size and strength, to the usual bracket or loop, and con-

page_text: necting that drum spring with the standard iron by means of a strap or brace
carried round part of the circumference of the drum, and then fixed to the
same. And though I have in the three arrangements herein-before described
shewn what I consider to be the most convenient and efficient methods of
carrying the principle of my said Invention into effect, I declare that I do not
confine myself to the use of these methods exclusively, but that I claim a
right to any modification or variation of them which may have practically the
same results.
And I declare that I do not claim any of the said springs, quadrants, and
other mechanical contrivances as being in themselves and separately con-
sidered new; but that what I claim as my Invention is the use of springs of
the forms and arranged in the manner both herein-before described, having a
curvilineal motion round the points of suspension of the bodies of the wheel
carriages to which they are applied. And such my Invention being to
the best of my knowledge and belief entirely new and never before used
within that part of Her said Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland called England, Her said Dominion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, I do hereby declare this to be my Specification of the same, and
that I do verily believe this my said Specification doth comply in all respects
fully and without reserve or disguise with the proviso in the said herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent contained; wherefore I do hereby claim to
maintain exclusive right and privilege to my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Joshua Iremonger, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Third day of May, One thousand eight