Improvements in Circular Knitting Machinery.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Jan., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Oct., 1890-Accepted, 8th Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Circular Knitting Machinery.
We HENRY COOPER, WILLIAM ROE, and ARTHUR HENRY COOPER, all of Roden
Street, Nottingham, in the County of Nottingham, Hosiers, trading as Cooper &
Roe, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The main object of this invention is to adapt circular knitting machinery, not
provided with sinkers, to knit wool and worsted yarns in a dry or unprepared state.
The difficulty hitherto experienced in knitting worsted or woollen yarns, is due to
the elasticity of the material, which, when indented by the loop and dividing wheels,
is liable to curl over, and lose the indentations before the loops are secured in the
fabric, the result being very imperfect work. Another difficulty experienced is, that
in curling over or crinkling," the thread frequently falls below the needle beards,
between the loop and dividing wheels, or again, between the dividing wheel and
presser, in either case forming a hole in the fabric.
"
To obviate this, we now propose to place the loop wheel as near as possible to the
presser, reducing the diameter of the presser wheel to facilitate this. Thus, the loops,
immediately they leave the loop wheel, are prevented from falling below the needle
beards, by the action of the presser, and after leaving the presser, by the old loops
which have risen over the needle beards. The dividing of the loops next occurs.
This is effected by a wheel whose blades are formed in such a manner as to perform
two functions, the upper part of the blade dividing the new loop, and the lower part
of the blade "knocking over" the old loop, the upper part of the blade just releasing
the new loop as the old loop comes over it. The "knocking over
"is further perfected
by the ordinary "knocking over "wheel.
In the ordinary arrangement of circular machine, it will be understood that the
loops, after dividing, may become disarranged in passing to the presser, and again, by
having so far to travel before becoming a part of the fabric, whereas, in this arrange-
ment, as the loop becomes a part of the fabric immediately it leaves the dividing blade,
a much more regular loop, and consequently a better fabric, whatever class of yarn
is employed, will be obtained.
The dividing and "knocking over "wheel which we have found to give a good
result, takes the form of two similar blade wheels connected together, and turning on
the same axis, but instead of using one wheel for the two purposes, two wheels may
be employed, the one acting in front as a divider, and the other at back as a "knocking
"wheel.
over
Dated this 2nd day of January 1890
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Circular Knitting Machinery.
We, HENRY COOPER, WILLIAM ROE, and ARTHUR HENRY COOPER, all of Roden
Street, Nottingham, in the County of Nottingham, Hosiers, trading as Cooper &
Roe, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The main object of this invention is to adapt circular knitting machinery, not
provided with sinkers, to knit wool and worsted yarns in a dry or unprepared state.
The difficulty hitherto experienced in knitting worsted or woollen yarns is due to

page_text: the elasticity of the material, which; when indented by the looper and dividing wheels,
is liable to curl over & lose the indentations before the loops are secured in the fabric,
the result being very imperfect work. Another difficulty experienced is, that in
curling over or "crinkling," the thread frequently falls or slips down below the needle
beards, between the looper and dividing wlieels, or, again, between the dividing wheel
and presser, in either case forming a hole in the fabric.
To obviate this, we now propose to place the looper wheel as near as possible to the
presser wheel, and to adapt a fixed presser immediately before the presser wheel.
Thus, the loops, immediately they leave the looper wheel, are prevented from falling
below the needle beards by the action of the fixed presser and presser wheel, and
after leaving the presser, by the old loops, which have risen over the needle beards..
The dividing of the loops next occurs. This is effected by a wheel whose blades are
formed in such a manner as to perform two functions, the upper part of the blade
dividing the new. loop, and the lower part of the blade "knocking over
the old loop,
the upper part of the blade just releasing the new loop as the old loop comes over it.
The knocking over which thus succeeds the dividing without any interval is further
perfected by the ordinary knocking over wheel."
In some arrangements of circular machine, it will be understood that the loops,
after dividing, may become disarranged in passing to the presser, and again, by having
so far to travel before becoming a part of the fabric, whereas, in this arrangement,
as the loop becomes a part of the fabric immediately it leaves the dividing blade, a
much more regular loop, and consequently a better fabric, whatever class of yarn is
employed, will be obtained.
The dividing and knocking over wheel which we have found to give a good result,
takes the form of two similar blade wheels, connected together, and turning on the
same axis, practically forming one wheel, but instead of using one wheel for the two
purposes, two wheels may be employed, the one acting in front as a divider, and the
other at back as a knocking over wheel.
In the accompanying drawing,
Fig. 1 represents in diagram this invention as applied to the head of a circular
knitting machine with vertical needles; and
Fig. 2 is a partial plan of the same.
Fig. 3 shews in side and edge views a combined "dividing” and “knocking over."
wheel, and,
Fig. 4. shews a modified construction of the wheel.
A. A are the needles; B is a looper wheel of the ordinary construction; Ca presser
wheel; D a fixed presser; E the combined " dividing" and "knocking over" wheel;
and F G are "landing" and "knocking over" wheels of the ordinary construction.
All these wheels and the fixed presser are mounted and adjustably supported in the
required position against the needles by brackets in the usual well known manner.
In the diagram, the line 1 represents the loops of the knitted fabric, and the line 2
the dry or unprepared woollen yarn to be indented and knitted. This thread is
presented by a guide to the looper wheel B, which indents it between the needles as
they pass, and carries it under the beards. The needles A next pass immediately
under, the action of the fixed presser D, which pressing on the end of the beards, will
partially close them, and prevent the indented thread escaping from under the beards
before the needles reach the presser wheel C. The beards of the needles, in passing
under the presser wheel C, are completely closed, and the "landing" wheel F as
usual lifts the loops of the knitted fabric onto the beards, and the thread will be
securely carried under the action of the dividing wheel E. This wheel E serves the
purpose of both "dividing" and "knocking over wheels, and is made either of
a single boss with notched blades, forming, as it were, a double set of blades, as
shewn at Fig. 3, or of two separate blade wheels mounted on the same axle, as shewn
at Fig. 4.
دو
As the needles pass this wheel, the front or upper part of the blades will take into
the indentations of the line of thread 2 made by the looper wheel B, "dividing" or.
equalising, the indentations, and carrying them up to the needle heads. The back or

page_text: lower part of the blades will, at the same time, sweep up the line 1 of loops of the
knitted fabric, and throw it over the needle heads, thus completing the knitting
before the "dividing" or equalizing of the indentations of the thread that forms the
new row of loops can be disturbed.
It will thus be seen that the two operations of 'dividing" and knocking over will
succeed one another so quickly as to be almost simultaneous, and all liability to
disarrangement of the loops in their travel from the "dividing" to the knocking over
position, will be obviated, and, as a consequence of this uniformity in the length of
the loops, a
good face to the work is obtained.
"
It may be desirable to continue the use of the ordinary knocking over wheel G, as
it will serve to beat up the loop and carry it home, for a purpose that is well
understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is
1. The application to circular knitting machinery, not provided with sinkers, for
knitting wool or worsted yarns in a dry or unprepared state, of means whereby the
operations of "dividing" and " knocking over the loops will be effected without
any interval, as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The use, in circular knitting machinery, of a combined "dividing" and "knocking
over" wheel, as and for the purpose set forth.
3. The arrangement of circular knitting machinery as herein shewn and described,
and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 2nd day of October 1890.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.