IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGING AND COMBINing the MaterIALS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE AND CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE AND BURGLAR-PROOF SAFES, STRONG BOXES, AND OTHER RECEPTACLES, AND THE PARTS CONNECTED THEREWITH.
Year: 1874

page_text: vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGING AND COMBINing the MaterIALS
USED IN THE MANUFACTURE AND CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE AND BURGLAR-PROOF
SAFES, STRONG BOXES, AND OTHER RECEPTACLES, AND THE PARTS CONNECTED
THEREWITH.
"
Sealed the 21st April 1874, and dated the 13th February 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Goater at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th February 1874.
I, JOHN GOATER, of Clarence Cottage, South Street, Ponders End, in
the County of Middlesex, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGING AND COMBINING THE MATERIALS
USED IN THE MANUFACTURE AND CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE AND BURGLAR-PROOF Safes,
STRONG BOXES, AND OTHER RECEPTACLES, AND THE PARTS CONNECTED THERE WITH,"
to be as follows:-
"Improvements in Arranging and Combining the Materials used in
the Manufacture and Construction of Fire and Burglar-proof Safes,

page_text: Strong Boxes, and other Receptacles and the Parts Connected there-
with," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in arranging and com-
bining the materials used in forming fire and burglar-proof safes, strong
boxes, and other receptacles, by means of which greater facility and
readiness as well as cheapness in manufacture may be obtained, and
greater resistance or difficulty to opening, breaking, or penetrating the
same, and also in resisting the action of fire secured.
In order to carry out that part of my Invention which relates to making
or forming the shell or body of the safe, strong box, or other receptacle,
I employ plate or sheet iron or steel, or other suitable material or
materials, or a combination of the same, which I form with alternate
recesses and projections or tenons around the edge or edges, and cause
the said projections or tenons to enter into slots, mortices, or openings
formed in the angle or L shaped iron, steel, or other suitable material or
materials, or combination of the same employed to hold or connect the
plates or sheets together which form the shell or body of the safe, strong
box, or other receptacle, and these angle or L shaped parts may be
welded together or otherwise firmly united if desired before putting
the safe, strong box, or other receptacle together.
These slots, mortices, or openings may be formed as dovetails, or with
the sides and ends which are on the exterior of the angle or L shaped
parts sloped downwards to the lower edges of the slots, mortices, or
openings so as to form a "bell mouth" as to the length and breadth of
the said slots, mortices, or openings, in order that when the projections or
tenons of the sheets or plates enter the same they may be rivetted,
hammered into, or otherwise caused to fill the slots, mortices, or
openings, and so enable them to be firmly attached to the said angle or
L shaped parts, and when preferred the said projections or tenons may
be heated in any convenient manner before or during the time that the
shell or body is being formed by rivetting or hammering up the same, and
so that they may more readily and surely fill up the said slots, mortices,
or openings, and if desired rivets may be used in addition to still further
strengthen the attachment of the plates or sheets to the angle or L shaped
parts which form as it were the framework.
In order to prevent the opening, wedging, or forcing of the door of
the safe, strong box, or other receptacle, I use a grooved bar or bars of

page_text: metal provided with a pivot or bearing at each end working in the
framework of the safe, strong box, or other receptacle, and which on
closing or opening the door has or have a rotary or partially rotary move-
ment on the said pivots or bearings. The action of this grooved bar or
bars is such that on closing the door the edge or edges of the same
enters or enter the groove in the bar or bars and turns it or them on the
pivots or bearings, so that when the door is closed its edge or edges is or
are embedded in the groove, and the outside edge or edges of the same
overlaps or overlap the door, thus firmly closing the opening or.
openings between the edge or edges of the door and the frame, and
opposing a solid resistance to the use of the wedge, lever, or other
implement.
To prevent the action of the drill as a means of obtaining access to
the interior of the safe, strong box, or other receptacle I employ pieces of
granite, flint, slag from iron furnaces, copper dross, steel, chilled cast
iron, or other hard and intractable material or materials, or a combination
of the same, which I take of a suitable or convenient size or form and
place them in a casing or other suitable receptacle, by preference of.
metal, and run molten metal or apply cement, concrete, iron cement, or
other suitable substance or substances, or a combination of the same, in
order to retain the portions in their proper position, and I attach the
said casings or other receptacles to the interior of the safe, strong box,
or other receptacle, whereby on the drill entering the same and coming
in contact with the contents it is blunted and baffled in its progress and
prevented from penetrating to the interior. By these casings or other
receptacles being placed in the safe, strong box, or other receptacle so
that they do not rest against or come in direct contact with the plates of
the shell or body or the interior casing or lining of the safe, strong box,
or other receptacle they will have a certain yielding action on the
application of intermittent pressure such as blows from a hammer on a
chisel, whereby they are allowed to recede from and spring back to their
original position 'on the removal of the pressure and thereby present
great difficulty to penetration.
In applying the lock which secures the door of the safe, strong box, or
other receptacles I arrange it so as to present a difficulty to drilling, and
for this purpose I form the cap of the lock of a combination of hard and
soft metal or metals attached to the box of the lock, or I arrange the
lock so as to form a receptacle for the same.
A 2

page_text: To prevent the picking of the lock being aided by pressure on the
bolt I apply to or construct my lock with a part working on the stump
of the tumblers so formed as to enter a notch or notches in the slot of the
bolt, which is caused to enter the same whenever the lock is attempted to
be opened otherwise than by the use of the regular key, and thus prevents
the pressure acting on the main stump of the lock so as to allow of the
operation of picking being carried out.
In order to obtain better results from the fire-proofing than is usually
obtained by the materials ordinarily employed for this purpose, and also a
better mode of applying the same, I employ a mixture or combination of
substances of a low heat-conducting power such as Portland cement,
Roman cement, Keene's cement, or such other suitable substance or
substances, either separately or in combination and in a powdered,
ground, or disintegrated or divided state, which I mix with a suitable
proportion of alum, soda, or other suitable steam generating substance
or substances, and apply such fire-proof mixture or composition in a
powdered or finely divided state. Or I may employ the alum, soda, or
other steam generating substance or substances or mixture of the same
separately and unmixed with the non-conducting material or materials,
although the same are used in fire-proofing the safe, strong box, or other
receptacle, and for this purpose by preference I employ thin boxes or
cases of wood, papier maché, cardboard, or other convenient or suitable
material, or the same may be made of thin sheet iron, tin, or other
suitable material or combination of the same, perforated or otherwise, so
arranged as to allow of the ready escape of the steam, vapour, or other
exhalation produced by the action of heat in order that the said alum,
soda, or other material or combination of materials may be kept separate;
and these boxes or cases are made narrower and shorter or smaller than
the part of the safe, strong box, or other receptacle provided for their
reception, so that when in place the cement or other substance or sub-
stances employed as a non-conductor may be packed in all round, below,
and over such box or case and so retain it in the midst.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Goater in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 1st August 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GOATER, of Clarence Cottage, South Street, Ponders End, in the County
of Middlesex, Mechanic, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Goater, Her special
license that I, the said John Goater, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Goater, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
" IMPROVEMENTS IN
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
ARRANGING AND COMBINING THE MATERIALS USED IN THE MANUFacture and
CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE AND BURGLAR-PROOF SAFES, STRONG BOXES, AND OTHER
RECEPTACLES, AND THE PARTS CONNECTED THEREWITH," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Goater, my exécutors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Goater, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof in and by the following description and the
Sheet of Drawings therein referred to :-
-
This Invention has for its object improvements in arranging and
combining the materials used in forming fire and burglar-proof safes,

page_text: c
strong boxes, and other receptacles, by means of which greater facility
and readiness as well as cheapness in manufacture may be obtained, and
greater resistance or difficulty to opening, breaking, or penetrating the
same, and also in resisting the action of fire secured.
In order to carry out that part of my Invention which relates to
making or forming the shell or body of the safe, strong box, or other
receptacle I employ plate or sheet iron or steel, or other suitable material
or materials, or a combination of the same, which I form with alternate
recesses and projections or tenons around the edge or edges, and cause
the said projections or tenons to enter into slots, mortices, or openings.
formed in the angle or L shaped iron, steel, or other suitable material or
materials or combination of the same by preference of what is known as
a parallel section, as shewn employed to hold or connect the plates or
sheets together, which form the shell or body of the safe, strong box,
or other receptacle, and these angle or shaped pieces, or some of them,
may be welded or partly welded together, or otherwise firmly united
if desired before putting the safe, strong box, or other receptacle
together.
I may sometimes form the plates used in constructing the shell or
body of the safe, strong box, or other receptacle with alternate ridges
and depressions or hollows, which may be made when the plates are
rolled or cast, or may be formed by riveting or otherwise, firmly
attaching to the plates, bars, or pieces of metal of the required or desired
width and length at the required or desired distances apart, and by
cutting away or otherwise removing the thinner portion or the plate
between the said ridges or bars to the required or desired depth enable
the thicker portions or ridges or the attached bars to form the pro-
jections or tenons for holding together the said safe, strong box, or other
* receptacle. As these thicker portions or ridges would only form tenons
or projections on two sides of the plate I employ shorter pieces bent so
. as to hook on or attach to the ridge or ridges or bars, or be riveted or
otherwise firmly attached to the plates used in forming the shell or body,
in order that I may be enabled to secure the plate by tenons or pro-
jections on each and every side.
I may sometimes form the said plates with the edges, out of which
the projections or tenons are formed, of a greater thickness than the rest
of the plate itself, either by rolling, casting, or riveting, or otherwise.

page_text: firmly attaching pieces of the required dimensions so as to give the
necessary amount of material to enable this arrangement to be carried
out; and where the plates are formed with thickened edges by rolling,
which would confine them to two sides of the plate, I rivet or otherwise
firmly attach to the said plates pieces of the required dimensions to
enable the tenons or projections to be formed thereon, and to possess
equal strength and thickness with those on the other sides of the
plates.
"
These slots, mortices, or openings in the angle or L shaped parts may
be formed as dovetails, or with the sides and ends, which are on the
exterior of the angle or L shaped parts, sloped downwards to the lower
edges of the slots, mortices, or openings, so as to form a "bell mouth
as to the length and breadth of the said slots, mortices, or openings, in
order that when the projections or tenons of the sheets or plates enter
the same they may be riveted, hammered into, or otherwise caused to
fill the slots, mortices, or openings, and so enable them to be firmly
attached to the said angle or L shaped parts; and when preferred the
said projections or tenons may be heated in any convenient manner
before or during the time that the shell or body is being formed by
riveting or hammering up the same, and so that they may more readily
and surely fill the said slots, mortices, or openings.
If desired rivets may be used in addition to still further strengthen
the attachment of the plates or sheets to the angle or L shaped parts,
which form as it were the framework, but these will be hardly required
except round the front, where the door is placed, which from the door
not being riveted up to the angle or L formed parts prevents the
assistance of the projections or tenons, which would be used if the
door were a fixed part, formed as the top, bottom, back, and side
plates.
I sometimes form in the angle or L shaped parts grooves between the
slots, mortices, or openings, into which the edges of the plates are
caused to fit, which grooves may be of the same width as the edges of
the plates, or the same width as the thickness of the plates themselves,
and of a proper depth to enable this arrangement to be made a good
job of without weakening to too great an extent the strength of the
parts. These grooves may be formed either before or after the "bell
mouthed" slots, mortices, or openings are punched or otherwise formed

page_text: '
in the angle or L shaped parts, as may be preferred or found most
convenient.
In order to prevent the opening, wedging, or forcing of the door of
the safe, strong box, or other receptacle I use a grooved bar or bars of
metal which has or have a pivot or bearing at each end working in the
framework of the safe, strong box, or other receptacle, and which on
closing or opening the door has or have a rotary or partially rotary
movement on the said pivots or bearings. The action of this grooved
bar or bars is such that on closing the door the edge or edges of the
same enters or enter the groove in the bar or bars and turns it or them
on the pivots, so that when the door is closed its edge or edges is or are
imbedded in the groove or grooves, and the edge or edges of the same
overlaps or overlap the door, thus firmly closing the opening or openings
between the edge or edges of the door and the frame, and opposing a
solid resistance to the use of the wedge, lever, or other implement. On
opening the door these bars turn on their pivots or bearings and allow
the edges of the door to come out clear of the said grooves. These
grooves are formed with a straight side on that part of the bar which is
on the outside of the safe so as to come in contact with the edges of the
door all round, but on the inside of the top and bottom bars the said
groove is widened out and towards one end in order that the door may
open and close without becoming jammed in the said groove or allowing
it to act so as to prevent the opening or closing of the door. The bar
on the side opposite the hinges on which the door moves is formed with
a different shaped groove to the others, as is shewn in the section in
Fig. 3, in order that the bolts or bolt of the door may prevent or act as
a preventive to its being wedged or forced, or moved on its pivots or
bearings, but this groove is formed parallel from end to end.
To prevent the action of the drill as a means of obtaining access to
the interior of the safe, strong box, or other receptacle I employ picces
of granite, flint, slag from iron furnaces, copper dross, steel, chilled
cast iron or other hard and intractable material, or a combination
of the same, which I take of a suitable or convenient size or form and
place them in a casing or other suitable receptacle, by preference of
metal, and run molten metal or apply cement, concrete, iron cement, or
other suitable substance or substances, or a combination of the same in
order to retain the portions in their proper position, and I attach the
said casings or other receptacles to the interior of the safe, strong box,

page_text: or other receptacle, whereby on the drill entering the same and coming
in contact with the contents it is blunted and baffled in its progress and
prevented from penetrating to the interior. By these casings or other
receptacles being placed in the safe, strong box, or other receptacle so
that they do not rest against or come in direct contact with the plates of
the shell or body, or the interior casing or lining of the safe, strong box,
or other receptacle, they will have a certain yielding action on the
application of intermittent pressure, such as blows from a hammer on a
chisel, whereby they are allowed to recede from and spring back to their
original position on the removal of the pressure, and thereby present
great difficulty to penetration.
In applying the lock which secures the door of the safe, strong box,
or other receptacle, I arrange it so as to present a difficulty to drilling,
and for this purpose I form the cap of the lock of a combination of hard
and soft metal, or metals attached to the box of the lock, or I arrange
the lock so as to form a receptacle for the same.
To prevent the picking of the lock being aided by pressure on the bolt
I apply to or construct my lock with a part working on the stump of the
tumblers, so formed as to enter a notch or notches in the slot of the bolt,
which is caused to enter the same whenever the lock is attempted to be
opened otherwise than by the use of the regular key, and thus prevents
the pressure acting on the main stump of the lock so as to allow of the
operation of picking being carried out.
In order to obtain better results from the fire-proofing than is usually
obtained by the materials ordinarily employed for this purpose, and also
a better mode of applying the same, I employ a mixture or combination
of substances of a low heat conducting power, such as Portland cement,
Roman cement, Keenc's cement, or such other suitable substance or
substances, either separately or in combination, and in a powdered,
ground, or disintegrated or divided state, which I mix with a suitable
proportion of alum, soda, or other suitable steam generating mineral
substance or substances, and apply such fire-proof mixture or composi-
tion in a powdered or finely divided state, or I may employ the alum,
soda, or other steam generating substance or substances or mixture of
tlie same separately and unmixed with the non-conducting material or
materials, although the same are used in fire-proofing the safe, strong
box, or other receptacle, and for this purpose, by preference, I employ

page_text: Fig. 3 shews in horizontal section on the line C, D, the lower part of
the safe, like parts being shewn by similar letters of reference, so far as
they relate to those already described in Figs. 1 and 2, in the right-
hand part of the Figure; L represents the 5 shaped iron or steel
attached to the hinge, side of the door, which locks over the angle
frame I. This piece L or angle metal may extend from the top to the
bottom of the door, or be put on in one or more shorter pieces, as may
be desired or preferred.
The door of the safe may be arranged as shewn in the right-hand half
of Fig. 3, and either tenoned into a grooved iron, steel, or metal bar, or
combination of the same, in which bell mouthed or dovetailed slots,
mortices, or openings are formed and rivetted into the same, as the plates
forming the shell or body are into the angle or L formed parts used to
connect the same together, the ends of the grooved bar forming the
pivots or hinges (and working in suitable bearings) on which the door
turns; or the pivots may be formed of iron or steel, or other suitable
metal, or combination of the same, with one flat side and one half round
side, placed one on each side of the door, the half round side not being
in contact with the plate of the door, and firmly connected or attached
thereto by rivets or screws passing through both and the plate of the
door also, or otherwise firmly attached to the plate of the door, so as to
form a solid whole, acting in the same manner as and producing similar
results to the grooved bar applied to the same purpose, as herein-before
described.
To the interior of the door, or that part of it which when closed is
inside the safe and just clear of the grooved bar or other arrange-
ment forming the hinges, I rivet, screw, or otherwise firmly attach a
piece or pieces of iron, steel, or other suitable metal of a section, as
shewn in the right-hand half of Fig. 3, which when the door is closed
projects or project over the angle or T shaped iron or other metal frame,
or pieces of L or T iron placed in the interior of the safe, and riveted,
screwed, or otherwise firmly attached thereto, so as to act as a
strengthener" or additional holdfast to the door of the safe, and prevent
a successful result attending any attempt to open or force the door at
the hinges. This piece of metal may be in one piece, extending
from the top to the bottom of the door, or nearly so, or it may be in
one, two, or more short pieces, as desired or preferred..
"

page_text: Fig. 4 shews in horizontal section another arrangement or modification
for obtaining the same result, but in this plan the part L which inter-
locks or projects over the angle frame or portion attached to the shell or
body of the safe is rolled on or otherwise so arranged as to form part of
the grooved bar E herein-before described, and if preferred in place of
the Lor angle frame the form shown by I may be used and arranged in
a similar manner as to length or number of projections as is specified in
regard to the ✓ shaped piece used for a similar purpose.
Figs. 5 and 6 shew in elevation two corners of a safe, strong box, or
other receptacle constructed in accordance with my Invention herein-
before described, so that one mode of arranging the junctions of the
angle or L parts may be seen, and also the bell-mouthed or dovetailed
slots, motices, or openings into which the tenons or projections on the
plates enter, the double dotted lines representing the edges of the
plates D under the angle or L parts, and the dotted lines next the edges
outside the double dotted lines shew the dovetailed slots, mortices, or
openings B on the other side of the angle or L formed parts. A, A, the
angle or L formed parts; B, B, the bell-mouthed slots, mortices, or
openings which receive the tenons or projections C, C, on the edges of
the plates D, D; C, C, the tenons or projections which fit into the slots,
some of which are shewn riveted up or filling the dovetailed slots, mor-
tices, or openings; C³, C¹, tenons or projections on the edges of the
plates D, D, shewn protruding through the angle or L formed parts before
riveting up or filling the slots; D, D, the plates forming the shell or
body of the safe, strong box, or other receptacle, and out of which the
tenons or projections C, C, and C¹, C', are formed as herein-beforo
described.
Fig. 7 shews in transverse section a modification of my Invention, con-
sisting of a plate formed with alternate ridges and depressions or hollows,

page_text: Fig. 7 shews in section on the line A, B, in Fig. 7 the angle or
L formed parts, the tenons or projections and mortices, and the clevations
and depressions on the plate, the letters of reference being the same for
similar parts in each and all of the three Figures where the same parts
are shown. A, A, the angle or L formed parts; B, B, the bell-mouthed
or dovetailed slots, mortices, or openings; C, C, the tenons or projections
filling the dovetailed slots; D, D, the depressions or thinner parts of the
plates; D, D', the elevations, ridges, or thicker parts of the plates out
of which the projections or tenons are formed.
Fig. 8 shews in transverse section a similar arrangement of plate to be
used in a similar manner, but with the clevations, ridges, or thicker parts
riveted or otherwise firmly attached to the plates, as herein-before
described.
Fig. 8 shews in elevation the angle or L formed part and the bell-
mouthed or dovetailed slots, mortices, or openings into which the tenons
or projections fit, and the plate with the ridges or elevations D' and the
depressions or thinner parts D, as also the rivets employed in this case,
which attach the thicker parts D' to the plates D.
Fig. 8 shews in section on the line A, B, in Fig. 8° the angle or
L formed part, the projections or tenons and mortices, and the elevations
and depressions or thinner parts of the compound plate, the letters of
reference being the same for similar parts in each and all of the three
Figures where the same parts are shown. A, A, the angle or L formed
parts; B, B, the bell-mouthed or dovetailed slots, mortices, or openings;
C, C, the tenons or projections filling the said slots, mortices, or openings;
D, D, the plates on to which the thicker parts D', D', forming the tenons
are riveted.
Fig. 9 is a section through the angle or L formed part A, A, and
plates D, D, formed with thicker edges than the rest of the plate, out of
which thicker portions the tenons or projections C, C, are formed, as
herein before described.
Fig. 10 is a section through the angle or L formed part A, A, and
plates D, D, in which is shewn the grooves in the part A, A, into which
edges of the plate D, D, fit, as herein-before described, the dotted lines
across the roots of the tenons or projections C, C, nearest the edges of
the plates D, D, shewing how the groove may be used.

page_text: Fig. 11 is a perspective clevation of the exterior of a safe constructed
according to my Invention, the tenons or projections being firmly riveted
up or otherwise caused to fill the bell-mouthed or dovetailed slots,
mortices, or openings, and the whole cleaned off and finished.
Fig. 12 is a front view, and Fig. 13 a section on the line A, B, of
Fig. 12 of my arrangement for mounting the doors or lock cascs of safes,
strong rooms, strong boxes, or other receptacles in order to prevent the
lock being detached or thrown out of place by the use of burglars'
implements, such as taps, "jack in the box," or other appliances, like
parts being shewn by similar letters of reference in the two Figures. A
in Fig. 12 is the lock attached to the door plate G. The cross bars of
steel or the hard substance or substances employed to prevent drilling,
as hercin-before described, are shewn by B. C, C, is a box or chamber
riveted or otherwise firmly secured to the door plate G, and which is
formed of iron, steel, or other suitable material of a section, as
..
shewn, which may be welded or otherwise formed into a continuous part
or cliamber surrounding the lock; D, D, are distance pieces or projec-
tions attached to or connected with the box or chamber containing or
surrounding the lock, which enables the parts unoccupied by the lock to
be used as a preventive to drilling by the same being filled with the drill-
proof material or materials herein-before specified; E is the plate or
cover of the chamber, which may be made of iron or steel or other
suitable material riveted or otherwise firmly attached to the box or
chamber C, C.
Fig. 14 shows in its ordinary position with the lock B shot, the lock of
the safe, strong room, strong box, or other receptacle with the part C,
which is placed on the stump of the lock tumblers so as to rotate or
partially rotate thereon. A portion of this part C enters a notch or
notches in the slot of the bolt so as to prevent picking or opening by
pressure on the main stump when other appliances than the proper key
are used or attempted to be used for this purpose. A is the body or
plate of the lock; B, the bolt; C, the part which enters the notch or
notches F in the slot of the bolt B; D is the pin or stud in the part C
on which the tumblers fit; E, the pin or stud on which the part C works;
F, the notch in the slot of the bolt B in which the end of C catches, a
similar notch being provided on the upper end of the slot G, a spring
and catch acting on the bolt B in conjunction with the part C so as to
render picking more difficult.

page_text: The action of this arrangement is as follows:-When any lock-picking
appliance or appliances is or are introduced through the keyhole so as to
act on the tumblers and lift the same, the act of lifting one or more or
all of them at one and the same time, unless they be lifted in the exact
degree necessary to form the combination in which the proper key of
the lock is constructed, will not open the lock, but simply cause the
part C to go from the upper notch in the bolt where it is shown in the.
Drawing to the lower one, where it remains and prevents the bolt being
withdrawn so long as any pressure is maintained on the tumblers or bolt..
On removing the pressure from the tumblers or bolt the tumblers fall
by their own weight, the action of the spring, or both combined, into
their proper positions, and the projection on the part C returns to the
upper notch.
The tumblers have cach a small hole drilled or formed in them which
fits with a greater or less degree of tightness, according to the com-
bination over the small pin or stud D inserted or fixed in the part C, as
shown in Fig. 14, in order that any lifting of one or more of the tumblers
shall cause the part C to shift from the upper notch where it is shewn
in the Drawing to the lower one, and so prevent its taking or being
placed in the position for opening the lock, which is that shewn by the
dotted lines in Fig. 14, but which position can only be obtained by the
use of the proper key.
By the arrangements shewn in regard to the lock and the bolts, and
the manner of applying the same to the door of the safe, more room is
obtained for the application of a larger amount of drill and fire-proofing
to the door than is obtainable where more complication of parts and
arrangements is employed.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention
of mprovements in arranging and combining the materials used in
the manufacture and construction of fire and burglar-proof safes,
strong boxes, and other receptacles, and the parts connected there-
with, and the manner in which the same is to or may be performed
or brought into practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not
confine or limit myself to the precise details and modifications shown
in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, as the same may be varied or
modified without departing from the nature of my said Invention, but I
do not claim making safes, strong rooms, strong boxes, and other
receptacles of iron or metals, as this has been done before, nor do I claim

page_text: the use of L or T shaped iron, steel, or other metal or any combination of
the same in forming or constructing such articles or things, as this is
not new, nor do I claim the use of tenons, or mortices, or screws, or
rivets, in making or constructing safes, strong rooms, strong boxes, or
other similar receptacles, nor making them drill-proof or fire-proof, nor
placing the fireproofing material in cases, as these are not novel, nor do I
confine or limit myself to the precise details and modifications shewn in
the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, as the same admit of being
modified without departing from the nature of my said Invention, but
what I do claim as new and as of my Invention and desire to have
protected by Letters Patent is,--
First. Constructing safes, strong rooms, strong boxes, and other
similar receptacles with the L shaped pieces of iron, steel, or other
suitable metal or combination of the same, which are by preference of
the section known as "parallel" and in which the dovetailed or bell-
mouthed slots, mortices, or openings are formed, placed on the outside
of the same, and into which dovetailed or bell-mouthed slots, mortices,
or openings the projections or tenons formed in, on; or attached to the
plates forming the shell or body of the safe, strong room, strong box, or
other similar receptacle enter, and are riveted up or otherwise caused to
fill the said dovetailed or bell-mouthed slots, mortices, or openings, and
and so form or make the safe in the manner and substantially as
herein before described, illustrated, and specified, and for the purposes
specified.
Second. Arranging and forming the revolving or partially revolving
grooved bars, or picces which lap over the edge or edges of the door of
such safes, strong rooms, strong boxes, or other similar receptacles, in
the manner and substantially as herein-before described, illustrated, and
specified, and for the purposes specified.
Third. Forming the plates used in constructing or forming the shell
or body of safes, strong rooms, strong boxes, or other similar receptacles,
with alternate ridges and depressions, or hollows, which may be made
when the plates are rolled or cast, or may be formed by riveting or
otherwise firmly attached to the plates, bars, or pieces of metal of the
desired or required width and length at the required or desired distances
apart and cutting away or otherwise removing the thinner portion,
or the plate between the said ridges or attached bars may form the

page_text: tenons or projections for holding together the safe, strong room, strong
box, or other similar receptacle, in the manner and substantially as
herein-before described, illustrated, and specified, and for the purposes
specified.
Fourth. Forming the plates used in constructing or forming the shell
or body of safes, strong rooms, strong boxes, and other similar receptacles
with the edges out of which the tenons or projections are formed of a
greater thickness than the rest of the plate itself, either by rolling or
casting or rivetting or otherwise firmly attaching pieces of the required
dimensions so as to give the necessary amount of material to enable this
arrangement to be carried out, substantially as herein-before described,
illustrated, and specified, and for the purposes specified.
Fifth. Forming grooves or channels between the slots, mortices, or
openings in the L formed pieces of metal used in the construction of
safes, strong rooms, strong boxes, and other similar receptacles, into
which the edges of the plates forming the shell or body of the same are
made to fit, in the manner and substantially as herein-before described,
illustrated, and specified, and for the purposes specified.
Sixth. The employment and arrangement of the materials for the
drill-proofing of safes, strong boxes, and other receptacles, substan-
tially in the manner and for the purposes herein-before described and
specified.
Seventh. Placing the fire-proofing material or materials in thin boxes
or cases of the materials or combination of the same herein-before
specified, perforated or otherwise, so arranged as to allow of the ready
escape of the steam or other exhalations produced by the access of heat
to the fire-proofing, substantially as herein-before described, and specified,
and for the purposes specified.
Eighth. Forming the separate box or chamber C, Figs. 12 and 13, in
which the lock is placed, and the parts D, D, forming the separate
chambers or párts, snbstantially as herein-before described, illustrated,
and specified, and for the purposes specified.
Ninth. The application of the part C, in Fig. 14, on or to the stump
of the lock tumblers acting in the manner and for the purposes herein-
before described, also the parts G when acting in combination with the
part C, substantially as herein-before described, illustrated, and specified,
and for the purposes specified.

page_text: Lastly. The arrangements and combinations of parts used in forming.
safes, strong boxes, strong rooms and other receptacles, as shewn in the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and herein-before described and
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Goater, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and herein-before described and
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Goater, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.