Improvements in Stop Cocks.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 7th May, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 6th Feb, 1890-Accepted, 8th Mar., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stop Cocks.
I, ROBERT HOWARTH, of 53 Goldthorn Terrace, Penn Road, Wolverhampton, in
the County of Stafford, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows
It relates to an improved arrangement or combination of parts of stop cocks,
having packed plugs, and has for its object to provide a cheap, simple, and reliable
apparatus, free from complication of parts, and easily accessible for examination, or
repairs
A stop cock made according to my invention, has the supply port, or passage in the
shell, arranged soias.to lead into the lower portion of the plug, the delivery passage is
similar in size, and is placed about midway in the barrel measured in the duection of
its length, the shell is cast with a closed bottom,; and is bored out to any required
diameter, as nearly parallel as is convenient.
The plug, provided with a flange at the top, is cast hollow, open at the bottom, and
has two collars, separated by a recessed space, in which is placed the opening to
correspond with the delivery passage in the shell, the collars being turned to a
required diameter, the recess between them, and a space under the flange, are
fitted with a suitable packing, which is prevented from covering the port in the
plug.
After the packings: are placed in position, the plug, thus prepared, is forced with
considerable pressure into its proper position in the shell, and there- secured from
being. accidentally withdrawn, by means of a pin, or screw; which, passing through
the upper portion of the shell, projects into a groove formed to: receive it in the top
collar of the plug.
The bottom collar I make of such a form as will cover the entrance passage in the
shell, when the cock. is shut, but. being open, a port or passage formed in this collar,
of sufficient area, but much smaller measured circumferentially, than the exit port in
the plug, allows a free passage, the object of this arrangement being, to prevent shock
when the cock as closed suddenly.
In operation the plug is rotated in the shell, in the usual way, until the. orifice in
the side of the plug, coincides. with the delivery passage in the shell, then the cock is
open, but when the plug has been rotated through a further half revolution, the
delivery passage in 'the shell; 18 covered by the packing round the plug, and the cock
is shut, the packing between the flange at the top of the plug, and the top edge of the
shell, rs intended as a safeguard against leakage.
DL: 6th of M 1880
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stop Cooks.
I, ROBERT HOWARTH of 53 Goldthorn Terrace Penn Road Wolverhampton in the
0. County of Stafford, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner. the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
4
It relates to an improved arrangement or combination of parts of Stop Cocks
having packed plugs, and has for its object, to provide a cheap, simple, and reliable
5-apparatus, free from complication of parts, and easily accessible for examination or
.

page_text: A Stop Cock made according to and for the purpose of this invention, is described
in Fig in which the supply port A leads into the lower portion of the plug B, the
delivery passage C in the shell, is similar in size, and is placed about midway measured
in the direction of its length
The shell itself, provided with a closed bottom, is bored out as nearly parallel as is
convenient.
The plug B, with a flange F at the top, is made hollow, open at the bottom, and
has two collars G G¹, separated by a recessed space D, in which is placed the
opening C, corresponding with the delivery passage in the shell, the collars G, G¹,
being turned to the required diameter, the recess between them is fitted with a
suitable packing, such as leather, india rubber, gutta-percha, or the like, which is
prevented from covering the opening (, by means of a raised portion around the
edge of it.
After the packing 18 placed in position, the plug thus prepared, is forced with
considerable pressure into its proper place in the shell, and there secured from working
out, or being accidentally withdrawn by means of a pin, or screw, which, passing
through the upper portion of the shell, projects into a groove J formed to receive it in
the top collar of the plug.
The bottom collar G I make of such a form as will cover the entrance passage in
the shell when the cock is shut, but being open, a port or passage E, formed in this
collar of sufficient area, but much smaller measured circumferentially than the
opening Callows a free passage, the object of this arrangement being to prevent
shock when the cock is closed suddenly.
In operation, the plug B is rotated in the shell by any known means, until the
orifice coincides with the delivery passage (then the cock is open, but, when the
plug has been rotated through a further half revolution, the packing round the plug
covers the passage C and is held tightly against it by the pressure from within the
plug, admitted through the leakage hole R.
As a safeguard against leakage I place a ring of leather or some such packing S
in a recess provided between the flange of the plug, and the top edge of the
shell.
A modification of this invention is shown in Fig. 2, in which the connection for the
sake of convenience, is made in direct communication with the bottom of the plug,
thus dispensing with the port A Fig. 1.
Fig. 3, illustrates a further modification, in which a screwed cap, and washer T, is
used to complete the upper portion of the cock, in lieu of the arrangement illustrated
in Fig. 1.
Having now- particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
First. The construction of a Stop Cock substantially as herein described and
illustrated in the drawing annexed.
Second. A Stop Cock, the shell of which is bored parallel, and fitted with a plug,
recessed so as to receive a suitable packing, which packing, when the cock is shut, is
held tightly against, and closes the exit passage from the shell by means of pressure
admitted from behind, substantially as herein described and set forth in the drawing
annexed.
Third. A Stop Cock fitted with a hollow plug, recessed to hold packing, the
entrance passage in which, is at or near the bottom, and the exit passage diametrically
opposite at a point near the centre measured in the direction of its length, sub-
stantially as herein described and illustrated in the drawing annexed.
Fourth. A Stop Cock, the shell of which has the entrance passage situated at a
point at or near the bottom, and the delivery port or passage, diametrically opposite,
but near the centre measured in the direction of its length, substantially as herein
described and illustrated in the drawings annexed.

page_text: Fifth. A Stop Cock fitted with a packed plug, the packing of which is so applied,
that on the cock being closed, the pressure within the plug forces the packing tightly
against and closes the exit orifice in the shell, substantially as herein described and
illustrated in the drawing annexed.
Sixth. A Stop Cock, the shell of which has the entrance port or passage at or near
the bottom, fitted with a hollow plug recessed to hold packing, which packing is
confined at the top and bottom by, or at the top only by a suitable collar, or collars, a
port or opening in the bottom is made to correspond with the entrance port in the
shell, thus allowing a free passage when the cock is open, but when being shut, the
port in the bottom of the plug covers the entrance port in the shell somewhat earlier
than the exit passage is closed, which arrangement altho' not absolutely tight, serves
arrest in a measure, the column of water or other fluid in motion thereby preventing
shock, substantially as herein described, as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 5th day of February 1890.
ROBERT HOWARTH.