Improvements in Churns for Use in the Manufacture of Butter or Margarine.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 10th July, 1895-Accepted, 28th Sept.. 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Churns for Use in the Manufacture of Butter
or Margarine.
I, HENRI GRASSO, of Hertogenbosch in the Kingdom of Holland, Manufacturer-
of Machines do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to remedy the deficiency which has hitherto made
itself very felt in machinery used in the manufacture of butter or margarine.
The wing or vane, which has been used as a mixer in the mechanical churns as
hitherto constructed had the disadvantage of not imparting a sufficiently energetic
stirring and shaking motion to the mass being operated upon.
The improved construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings removes
this drawback entirely.
Figure 1 of the drawings is a section along the longitudinal axis of the machine,
partly in front elevation, while
Figure 2 is a top view of the mixing trough or hopper of the machine, with the
lid removed.
The churning machine consists of a double receptacle or chamber a 6, the
The inner
bottom p of the inner of which is supported by vertical rods or bolts c.
chamber corresponds to two arcs of a circle in shape, as shown in Figure 2 over
the centre of which supporting brackets or bearings d d for the vertical shafts e e¹
are located.
The winged or vaned mechanism consists of two main wings ff1 adapted to be set
in motion from the driving shaft i through the medium of bevelled gearing hg, h¹ g¹.
These two vanes are arranged at 90° to each other and at their ends carry
smaller wings k, k², k¹, k³, arranged in pairs, and also at 90° to each other. These
secondary wings or vanes receive motion through the medium of the gear wheels m,
m², m³, m³, mounted upon their shafts or spindles 1, 12, 11, 13, such wheels engaging
with toothed rings o o¹, screwed on to the lid n. The said gear wheels are in the
relation of one to two, to the toothed circle, whereby the wings or vanes are
prevented from coming into contact with each other in the course of operation,
while at the same time they continue to work between, or within, each other. The
undulating course which each corner or angle of a wing follows at each revolution.
of the toothed circle o is indicated in Figure 2 in a dotted line.
It will readily understood that under the action of wings, as here constructed,
the mass under treatment undergoes a much more thorough mixing, stirring
and shaking process than that to which it has been possible to submit it hitherto ;
such operation being, moreover, assisted by perforations provided in the wings or
vanes and also by their lattice shaped construction or arrangement.
The working capacity of the machine is therefore considerably increased, in
comparison to what it has been in the vaned churns used hitherto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;-
A mechanical churn mainly characterised by the provision of wings or vanes

page_text: such as k k², k², k³, arranged at an angle to each other; and the operating gearing
of which, such as m m², m³, m³, is adapted to engage with a stationary toothed
circle or ring, such as o o¹.
Dated this 8th day of July 1895
MARKS & CLERK,
18 Southampton. Buildings, London, W.C., and
13 Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.