AN IMPROVED STEAM HAMMER
Year: 1885

page_text: I ALFRED TAYLOR of Alma Street Works Sheffield in the County of York
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "AN IMPROVED
STEAM HAMMER," to be as follows:-
:
This Invention relates to an improved construction of steam hammer, which will
be self-acting and hand-working either combined or separate.
The invention consists in being able to reverse the motion of a self-acting steam'
hammer instantly at any part of its stroke, and to change the same to work by
hand, either combined or separately as required, giving one two or more blows
either light or heavy, or the dead blow, and instantly without any disconnection.
For this purpose I use a cylinder which is cast or made with three valve chests
in one piece. In, (say) No 1 main valve chest I have and use a loose valve with
four piston heads of the piston type, steam being admitted at the centre of the two
middle piston heads from the boiler, these communicate with the cylinder ports
admitting or releasing steam at the top and bottom, the exhaust passing between
the outer piston heads at each end into the exhaust pipe. I apply to and work
this loose valve with two piston valves, each fitted with two piston heads one head
at each end, steam being admitted in the centre of the heads of each from a central
opening in No 1, main chest, or from the main steam pipe direct from the boiler.
No 2 piston valve is connected to the "tup" of the hammer by a lever, and it
works the hammer self-acting by alternately admitting steam through the ports at
the top and bottom of N° 2, through the top and bottom of the loose valve N° 1,
driving it up and down thus opening and shutting the steam ports to the top and
bottom of the cylinder.
No 3 valve and chest I make larger in diameter than No 2, and by the action of
a lever worked by hand opening or closing the ports at the top and bottom, a
superabundant quantity of steam being admitted and is forced on to the top or
bottom of N° 1, loose valve, thus overcoming the self-acting action or motion of
No 2 valve, and working the hammer at pleasure by hand or vice versa; this N° 3
valve being at rest covering its own ports during the self-acting motion.
Existing steam hammers that are made with loose valves I can alter to the
principle of this invention by pipes and taps from the main steam pipe and
dispensing with a system of levers and gearing.
Dated this th ...
1007

page_text: I ALFRED TAYLOR of Alma Street Works Sheffield in the County of York
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "AN IMPROVED STEAM
HAMMER," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement in writing and on
reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to an improved construction of steam hammer which will
be selfacting and handworking either combined or separate.
My invention consists in so constructing a steam hammer as to be able to reverse
the motion instantly at any part of its stroke and so as to work the hammer both
selfacting and by hand, either combined or separately as required, in the simplest
manner, with the fewest parts, and giving the greatest effect with the least pressure
of steam; and giving one two or more blows either light or heavy, or the usual
dead blow; and instantly without any disconnection.
In order that the practical carrying out of my invention, and this my specifi-
cation thereof, may be fully understood I have illustrated it on the accompanying
sheet of drawings showing three views of the cylinder and motion of my improved
steam hammer, partly in section, and of a portion of a steam hammer of the single
standard class (the ordinary standards or legs being marked X) and I have
marked the drawings with letters of reference and numerals corresponding with
the following description thereof.
Figure 1, represents a side view of the cylinder S, the piston P, the "tup" T,
and the valves, the valve 3, and chamber, and the valve 1, and chamber, also the
hand lever G, working in the slot joint E¹.
Figure 4, is a plan view of the same.
Figure 2, represents a back view in section of the valves and motion, 3, being
the hand worked valve. 1, is a loose valve (but which I do not claim) and is
regulated by the screws O, O; and 2, is the selfacting valve connected to the
'tup" T, receiving its motion from the lever B, (see Figure 3,) at the swivel
joint A, resting on the fulcrum F, of the eccentric L, and the lever D, and projecting
through the slot joint E.
"
"
Figure 3, represents the other side view section of the cylinder S, piston P,
'tup" T, the loose valve 1, and the self-acting valve 2, and the valve chambers.
The lever B, is connected to the "tup" T, by the swivel joint A, resting on the
fulcrum F, of the eccentric L, the end projecting through the slot joint E
Figure 5, is a plan of the same, H, being the exhaust and No 1, being the steam
inlet
2.
The mode of operating this steam hammer self-acting (see Figure 3,) is as
follows: The piston P, and all the valves are shown central. I will suppose the
piston is making its downward stroke, by doing so the "tup" T, carries the swivel
joint A, connected with the lever B, down, which having its fulcrum at F, raises

page_text: the projecting end of the lever B, up, this working through the slot joint E,
connected to the valve. 2, alsó raises it up, the valve 2, going up opens the top ports
in No 2 valve chamber, which is full of steam, being open to N° 1, valve chamber
through the central inlet or opening V, or from the main inlet pipe, and regulated
by cocks, such as Z, Figure 2, which is a threeway cock, the N° 1, chamber being >
directly open to the main inlet N° 1, from the boiler. The valve 2, having now
opened the top port steam rushes in on the top of the loose'valve I, driving it down
on the regulator screw O, opening a full port at K, admitting steam under the
piston driving it up again and vice versa, the exhaust steam passing between the
two heads of the valve up the exhaust pipe H. The lever D, being an eccentric
lever (but which I do not claim) having its fulcrum at L, which is bolted through
the standard X by the bolt L (see Figure 2,) this eccentric lever allows the valve 3,
to be raised or lowered so as to give a light or heavy blow and to vary the
height of the "tup" within the range of the stroke, the "tup" T, works between
the slides N, (see Figure 2,) and by its reciprocating motion it raises or lowers the
lever B, which has its fulcrum at F; it thus lowers and raises the valve 2, the
radial motion at both ends of the lever B, being provided for, the one at the swivel
joint A, and the other at the rounded end working in the slot joint E*; the action
of this simple lever B, constitutes the selfacting motion.
Figures 1, and 2, represent the mode of working this steam hammer by hand
instantly at any part of the stroke during the time selfacting motion is going on.
The valve 3, (see Figure 2,) receives its steam through the central opening R, from
N° 1, valve chamber or from the main inlet pipe,-regulated by cocks,-which
receives its supply direct from the boiler.
I make the central opening R, and the N° 3, valve chamber suitably larger than
N° 2, valve chamber and the central opening V; and by moving the hand lever G,
(see Figure 1,) which is bolted to the standard X by M, and works in the slot
joint E', it opens the ports, thus allowing a greater quantity of steam to act upon
the loose valve 1, and counteracts the action of the valve 2, which has never at any
moment the full port open while the valve 3, by the action of the lever G, either
by hand or foot is held full port open, but on resuming the selfacting motion the
valve 3, is again placed central covering its ports and it so remains until required
again, thus by the action of this valve 3, it constitutes the hand worked motion
overcoming the self-acting motion at the will of the operator and without dis-
connection.
This steam hammer I would observe is worked either by hand motion or by
selfacting motion separately by moving the openings V, and R, to V₁, and R¹,
(Figure 2,) using the valye 1, and the screws O, O, as a regulator and the ports at
the top and bottom of the valves 2, and 3, going direct to the cylinder as shown in
dotted lines at Figures 1, and 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The novel arrangement and combination of working parts constituting an
improved simple and effective steam hammer substantially as described and as
shown on the accompanying sheet of drawings; and particularly I claim,-
2. In a steam hammer, the instantly overcoming its selfacting motion with
steam, without the aid of levers or other appliances, by means of a valve 3, (see
Figures 1, and 2,) at any part of the stroke, and working the hammer by hand and
giving a light, a heavy, or a dead blow, at pleasure, and resuming the selfacting
motion when required.
3. In a steam hammer, the combination of the valves 1, and 2, with the valve 3,
and the lever G, working the same separately or combined by closing the openings
V, or R, (see Figure 2,) as required by steam pipes and cocks direct, in place of by
the lever G, and the valve 3, thus acting on the valve 1, by steam alone.

page_text: 4. The working of a steam hammer either by hand motion or by selfacting
motion separately by moving the openings V, and R, to V, and R¹, (Figure 2,)
using the valve 1, and the screws 0, 0, as a regulator and the ports at the top and
bottom of the valves 2, and 3, going direct to the cylinder, as shown at Figures 1,
and 3.