Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 10th May, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 10th June, 1887.
I, FRANCIS HERBERT WENHAM of 238 Goldhawk Road Shepherds Bush in the
County of Middlesex Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be
as follows:-
My Invention has for its object to provide efficient lamps of a more simple construc-
tion of the class wherein heated air is so conducted for the supply of a gas flame in an
enclosing glass and the products of combustion led off in such a manner that an
outwardly spreading or cup or saucer shaped flame is obtained. My Invention has
the further object of so completely burning the gas that but little (if any) of the
carbonaceous matter is deposited on the burner.
In a lamp constructed according to my Invention the gas supply pipe preferably is
not led through the heating chambers but is led either downwards outside the lamp
body and upwards through the glass in which case the pipe is provided with a sliding
the
joint or stuffing box so that the glass may be lowered for lighting or
gas supply
pipe may be turned up within the glass which can then be swung back as is usual in
these forms of lamp. In the pedestal form of lamp the gas passes up vertically
through a small pipe from the main supply: At a suitable distance below the burner
there is a flange adjustable for height upon which the glass is supported. On the
top or rim of this heating arrangement with chimney is placed its flange making
an air tight joint. This heating arrangement is of the form here described but
being detached can be instantly removed and the glass also can be then lifted off
its supporting collar.
The burners of the lamp herein described may have the removeable_cap for
obtaining access to the interior as referred to in my patent No. 1514 A.D. 1885.
The air which is heated, as it enters the lamp by the hot products escaping from the
lamp after passing from the exterior of the lamp through the heating passages or tubes
is received in a central chamber situated immediately above the burner from which
burner the gas to be consumed in the lamp issues. This chamber is provided at the
lower end and also preferably at its upper inlet with perforated or reticulated plates
or gauze or equivalent means of dividing the air so that the air by the upper gauze or
its equivalent is divided and steadied before it enters the chamber and by the lower

page_text: gauze or its equivalent is further divided and steadied and directed so that it meets the
gas immediately it issues from the burner and comes into contact with the flame
throughout the principal portion of the upper surface of the flame in equal and regu-
lated stream or streams and in a highly heated condition. There is a space between
the lower gauze or its equivalent and the top of the burner through which space the
hot air or some of it passes to meet the gas issuing from the burner. This direct
impingement of the air down through the space between the lower end of the chamber
and the burner and upon the flamo to meet the gas immediately it issues from the
burner causes a very efficient consumption of the gas. The lower gauze or its equivalent
(and also the upper gauze or its equivalent if desired) may have a central orifice
through it situated immediately over the burner proper which I prefer to make of a
ring or knob form with gas outlet orifices around its edge or periphery directed out-
wards in lamps where a disc form flame is required for downward lighting but having
the orifices set at other angles up to the vertical when more side illumination is
required. The lower end of the chamber has preferably around its edge a reflecting
and flame directing ring which may be curved up towards the outlet and chimney
which outlet lead up, past and around the air inlet tubes or passages. Outside this
space may be arranged another reflector which may be similarly curved upwards
towards the outlet or chimney and may be used to contract the outlet to the required
extent. The glass encloses the space around the burner and outer air may be admitted
to this glass by orifices around the edge of the casing. In place of the lower gauze
there may be a plate preferably curved or bellied downwards and with a central orifice
directly above the burner, through which orifice the hot air passes to meet the flame.
Dated the 11th day of August 1886
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
Agent for the said Francis Herbert Wenham.

page_text: Improvements in Gas Lamps.
I FRANCIS HERBERT WENHAM of "The Beacon" Goldsworth Woking in the County
of Surrey late of 238 Goldhawk Road Shepherds Bush in the County of Middlesex
England Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My Invention has for its object to provide efficient lamps of simple and economical
construction of the class wherein heated air is so conducted for the supply of a gas
flame in an enclosing glass and the products of combustion are led off in such a manner
that an outwardly spreading or cup or saucer shaped flame is obtained.
My Invention has the further object of so supplying and burning the gas that but
little (if any) of the carbonaceous matter is deposited on or in the burner.
In a lamp constructed according to my Invention the gas supply pipe is preferably
not led through the heating chamber but is led either downwards outside the lamp
body and upwards through the glass in which case the pipe may be provided with a
telescopic sliding joint or joints or stuffing box or boxes so that the glass may be lowered
for lighting or the gas supply pipe may be turned up within the glass which can then
be swung back as is usual in this class of lamp.
In the pedestal form of lamp the gas passes up vertically through a pipe from the
main supply, and at a suitable distance below the burner there may be a flange on the
gas pipe which may be adjustable in height and upon which the glass is supported.
On the top or rim of this glass, the heating arrangement and chimney are placed, its
flange or flanges making a sufficiently tight joint. The heating arrangement is of the
kind hereinbefore described but being detached it, and also the chimney which is
carried by it, can be readily removed for lighting or other purpose and the glass also
can then be removed from off the supply pipe and burner.
The air heating arrangement terminates inside the lamp in a chamber with means
as hereinafter described for dividing directing and distributing the heated air to the
inner side of the flame, the gas issuing from a burner situated at a short distance below
the lower end of this chamber as hereinafter more particularly described.
The burner of the lamp may be in one piece or it may have a removeable cap for its
upper part for obtaining access to the interior.
I will more particularly describe my Invention with reference to the accompanying
Drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a vertical section and Figure 2 a horizontal section on
the line 1-2 Figure 1 of a lamp constructed according to my Invention, with the
gas led from above. Figure 3 is a vertical section with the gas led from below and
Figure 4 is a modification as hereinafter explained. Referring to Figures 1 and 2 the
lamp body is constructed with an inner chamber A to which passages or pipes b lead
from the outer air, they opening at their outer end through the upper part of the lamp
body B and at their inner end into the upper part of the chamber A. This constitutes
the air heating arrangement for supplying hot air to the inner side of the flame. A
curtain C is supported by or fixed to the body B to protect the ends of the
passage b
from direct air currents and to carry the chimney D. The flange of the body part B
has
any suitable means for supporting or hinging and fastening the enclosing glass E.
The Gas pipe F is led from above outside the lamp body B clear of the air heating
chamber and passes through the flange &³ to underneath the centre of the chamber Å
where it terminates in a burner G.

page_text: The gas pipe may be in one branch as shewn in full lines or in two or more branches
as indicated by the dotted lines. Its upper part may be either inside the chimney or
outside it.
The hot products as they pass to the chimney pass around the passages band
heat them and the air as it enters these and passes along them becomes heated and is
received in the central chamber A. This chamber is provided at or towards its lower
end as shewn at h (and also preferably at or towards its upper end as shewn at i) with
perforated or reticulated plates or gauze or equivalent means of dividing the air so
that the air by the lower gauze h or its equivalent is divided and steadied and directed
to meet the gas immediately it issues from the burner and comes into contact with the
flame throughout the principal portion thereof in equal and regulated stream or streams
and in a highly heated condition. Where the upper gauze i or its equivalent is used
the air is also divided and steadied before it enters the chamber A. There is a space
between the lower gauze h or its equivalent and the top of the burner G through which
space the hot air or some of it passes to meet the gas issuing from the burner.
This direct impingement of the air down through the space between the lower end of
the chamber and the burner and upon the flame to meet the gas immediately it issues
from the burner causes a very efficient consumption of the gas. The lower gauze h
or its equivalent may have and preferably has a central orifice through it (or enlarge-
ment of the openings at this part) situated immediately over the burner G which I
prefer to make of a ring or knob form with gas outlet orifices around its edge or
periphery directed outwards in lamps where a disc form of flame is required for down-
ward lighting but having the orifices set at other angles up to the vertical when more
side illumination is required. The lower end of the chamber A has preferably around
its edge a reflecting and flame directing ring J which may be curved up towards the
outlet and chimney as shewn. Outside this space may be arranged another reflector
as at K which may be similarly curved upwards towards the outlet or chimney as
shewn and may be used to contract the outlet for the products of combustion from the
glass to the required extent. The glass E encloses the space around the burner, and
outer air may be admitted to this glass by orifices 63 around the flange b³. Figure 3
shews a vertical section of the arrangement with the gas led from below, the glass E
being supported by a collar on the pipe as at e. In this case it will be evident that
the whole of the upper part may be lifted off from the glass and burner to light the
gas or for other purpose. In place of the lower gauze & there may be a plate prefer-
ably curved or bellied downwards as shewn at in Figure and with a central
orifice ³ directly above the burner G through which orifice the hot air passes from
the chamber A to meet the flame. The other parts of the lamp shewn in Figures 3
and 4 are like those shewn in Figures 1 and 2 and require no further description
except that there is no inwardly projection reflector K shewn in these latter figures
and it will be understood that this reflector may be used or not in either of the
arrangements. Owing to the thorough combustion that takes place and to the gas not
being highly heated before escaping at the burner liability to deposit of carbonaceous
matter in or on the burner is to a great extent prevented.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what claim is―
-
In Gas lamps of the kind referred to the several combinations and arrangements of
parts constituting the respective lamps illustrated by Figures 1 and 2 by Figure 3
and by Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings.