Improvements in connection with Compression Pumps of Refrigerating Machines.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 24th May, 1898-Accepted, 9th July, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in connection
with Compression Pumps of
Refrigerating Machines.
I, LUDWIG WEPNER, of 12 Carolinenstrasse, Firth, Bavaria, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in connection with compression pumps
of refrigerating machines for the production of ice & cold by the action of
ammonia, carbonic acid & any other suitable media and the object is to
replace by novel cock arrangements the valves at present used in such pumps,
and so prevent the damage to the cylinder and other parts which is frequently
traceable to the stoppage or sluggish action of the usual suction valves..
In order to more clearly explain my invention I make reference to the
accompanying sheets of drawings in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section and
Fig. 2 a plan of my improved cock arrangement. Fig. 3 is a section through
A B Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a section through CD of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 a section
through E F of Fig. 1. Figs. 6 and 6 show in plan and side view the cocks as
operated by an eccentric, and Figs. 7 and 7 similar views when worm wheel gearing
is used. Figs. 84 to 8 are views of the various positions of the cock at the crank
end of the cylinder.
The cock a has a conical plug (see Fig. 3) which on being turned to the right or left
opens or closes the suction pipe b (Fig. 1) or the delivery (compression) pipes c. The
movement of a may be effected by the action of an eccentric or by worm gearing. In
the eccentric driving arrangement d is the eccentric, the rod of which operates the
pivotted lever e and its arms and the cranks f at the end of the spindles of the plugs
of a.
The conical shape of the plug of a prevents its sticking in its seating and the
cock is rendered air tight by one side g of the cock box (Figs. 3 & 5) being
connected with the pressure pipe c by a passage h. By this means the comparatively
large area of the head of the plug of a is under the same pressure as exists in the
pipe c and the plug kept pressed in its seating. In order to effect the same purpose
when the pump is first started (and when naturally there is no pressure in c) I provide
a spiral spring (Fig. 3) the end cap-like cover of which has a point entering the
steel centre or bearing 1. The other side m of the box of a communicates with the
suction pipe b by a passage n in order that if by any chance the plug of a does not
remain air tight in its seating the medium which is being employed for
refrigerating purposes may not be lost, but sucked back and again put in
circulation.
There are two cocks a to each pump and they are so arranged on the cylinder as to
reduce the dimensions to the minimum. The balancing of the pressure is effected
by the channels o Fig. 1 and I so arrange that the cocks close before the piston has
quite completed its stroke..
The cocks a can be driven by wheel and worm gearing instead of by eccentric. In
this case the spindles of the plugs of a (Fig. 7) are provided with worm wheels which
gear into worms on the shaft p which is rotated from the crank-shaft by bevel-wheels,

page_text: as shown in the drawings. The worm wheels and worms must be geared in the ratio of
1 to 2, for the reason which will be evident on consideration of Figs. 8 to 8. In Fig. 8ª
the piston is assumed to have reached the end of its inward stroke, the flow from
b to c taking place through the channels provided fore and aft in the cylinder. In
Fig. 8B the piston is assumed to have traversed a few millimetres of its outward
stroke and c commences to open and pressure in front of the piston begins. In
Fig. 8c the piston is assumed to have reached half its outward stroke and c is fully
open. In Fig. 8º the piston is assumed to have nearly completed its outward stroke,
this ends the period of compression and begins that of circulation. In Fig. 8 the
piston is assumed to have completed its outward stroke and the circulation is
from suction side 6 to compression side c. These operations are repeated as the
piston moves to and fro. Thus it will be seen that as the cocks by the outward action
of the piston (or half revolution of the crank) have performed a quarter revolution
the worin wheel gearing must be in the ratio of 1 to 2.
In similar positions of the piston as already described Figs. 8 to. 8° apply when
the eccentric driving gear is used, but if the piston be moved beyond its half outward
stroke the cock no longer moves in the direction of the arrows shown at Fig. 8° but
in the opposite direction. In the second half of the outward stroke of the
piston Figs. 8 and 8 no longer apply, but the cock is as shown at Fig. 8B,
the piston having nearly reached the end of its outward stroke and the pressure pipe
being on the point of being closed. The next position of the cock is as shewn at
Fig. 8A the piston being at the end of its outward stroke.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is -
In compression pumps for use in the production of ice and cold by the action of
ammonia, carbonic acid, or any other suitable media the substitution for valves
of conical cocks made air-tight by channels or passages on the compression and
suction sides, the said cocks acting as regulators and serving simultaneously for the
suction and delivery or admission and discharge of the medium, the operation of the
said cocks being brought about by eccentric or worm gearing, the whole substantially
as described in the above specification or exemplified by the accompanying
drawings.
Dated 1: THEL
1000