Improvements in and in the Manufacture of Drive Chain.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in and in the Manufacture of Drive Chain.
I, HENRY HALLADAY, of 60, Burbury Street, in the City of Birmingham,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in, and in the manufacture of, drive
chain from sheet or wrought metal, and consists in the one part, in a built-up
intermediate link or block, in another part, in the formation of chain lengths from
link elements, united together by infibulating studs and sleeves with joining up
cross pins, and in a further part in the making from sheet or wrought metal of
the said elements or components.
In forming an intermediate block link, I make up the same of two separated
side plates, with a pair of stop sleeves or short barrels directed inwardly, and
formed in the one, into which corresponding nipples or hollow studs which are
formed upon the inner face of the other, take.
When together, they telescope each other, and with the outer ones forming
distance sleeves around which antifriction rollers are mounted.
The alternate links consist of longitudinal side plates, with inwardly disposed
nipples or studs at the end parts of their faces, taking into the hollows of the
nipples and sleeves of the intermediate block link as aforesaid, and with the whole
joined up by cross pins or rivets.
In making the one side of the block link, I take a blank of sheet metal, and by
dies and pressure I operate upon two parts inwards of the ends by sinking small
elongated cups or barrels therein, which when their ends are removed constitute
bearing sleeves for the rollers to run upon.
The fetching up of such nipples or cups, is performed by successive operations
of press tools, or by drop stamping tools, which raise the metal into tubular ex-
tensions.
The other side of the block link is made in the same manner as before described,
but with the short sleeves or nipples having an outside diameter equal to the
inside diameter of those upon the first named side, so that the one will telescope
the other and form bearings upon which they will mutually turn.
The sides of the alternate links are made exactly in the same way as the sides
as in the block link, by cupping the metal near the ends into hollow studs, which
when the ends are pierced and fitted into the hollows of an intermediate link by
pins or rivets, make up a length of chain.
The cross pins or rivets may be concealed, as their heads lic sunken within the
hollows or insides of the hollow studs.
In making up a chain with ordinary intermediate and solid block links, I take
an ordinary block link, and pass the hollow studs of the alternate links into the
holes of the intermediate links, and with the said hollow studs being made to abut
or telescope each other, and with the whole joined up by cross pins or rivets.
To reduce friction, inside rollers or bushes may be employed, although for

page_text: ordinary purposes, the hollow studs or bushes or part studs or bushes formed
integral with the side plates are all that is needed.
In manufacturing the sides of the chain by press tools or by drop stamping,
with the hollow studs, bushes or sleeves, made integral with them, the steel or
metal blanks are made thicker than those of the finished sides, and from such
thicker metal the parts to be raised are fetched up.
As a further form of my invention, I make a chain without studs or rivets, by
telescoping the bushed bearings, and expanding the ends of the inner ones into
heads.
Data: 10L
C
T
1007
I, HENRY HALLADAY, of 60, Burbury Street, in the City of Birmingham,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to drive chain for communicating motion in cycles and
other machinery, and more particularly to the manufacture from sheet metal of
certain of the component parts of a particular type of drive chain, and also to
improvements in the construction of such chain.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a plan of a length of cycle
drive chain of the "roller" type constructed and made according to one form of
my invention.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the said length.
Figure 3 represents a portion of the said chain, partly in plan and partly in
section upon the dotted line, Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal vertical section taken through one of the rollers, and
upon the dotted line ¹, Figure 1.
Figure 5 represents the several component parts of the alternate and inter-
mediate links of the chain separated, and partly in plan and partly in horizontal
section.
Figure 6 is a vertical section of one of the rollers separately.
Figure 7 is an elevation of the inner side of one of the side plates of the
intermediate links, having formed integrally with it, a pair of half stop sleeves
or hollow studs, and upon which the rollers of the chain are mounted.
Figure 8 is a like elevation of one of the side plates of the alternate links,
which also have integral sleeves or bushes, adapted to telescope or socket within
the sleeves of the intermediate links, and through which the joining up pins
or rivets are passed.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the said Figures 1.
to 8 of the drawings.
a are the intermediate links and the alternate links, and c are the rollers. The
intermediate links a, consist of two separated side plates each with a pair of
stop sleeves or short barrels a², near to the ends, with the inner ends of the
sleeves of each side plate coming together or abutting against one another, so 28
to form together distance sleeves or bearings upon which the rollers c, are
mounted and whereon they may rotate.

page_text: The alternate links b, consist of a pair of longitudinal side plates b', each having
a pair of hollow nipples or studs 62, at the end parts of their inner faces, of such a
diameter as to take and fit within the hollow distance sleeves a², of the inter-
mediate links, and be capable of an independent movement therein, and of such a
length that the inner ends of each pair abut against one another or nearly when the
parts of the chain are assembled and held together by the joining up pins or rivets
, which are passed through the coinciding passages in the said nipples b².
By this improved construction of roller chain, all strain is relieved from the
joining up pins, being borne instead by the telescoping sleeves of the intermediate
and alternate side plates; stretching is also reduced to a great extent and the
wearing properties of the chain are considerably enhanced.
Figure 9 represents a plan of a block chain, constructed on this principle and
with the combined side and half bushes of the alternate links integrally formed
from sheet metal according to my invention.
Figure 10 is an elevation of Figure 9.
Figure 11 represents partly in plan and partly in horizontal section, upon the
dotted line 3, two contiguous links of such chain and
Figure 12 represents the component parts of the same separated.
In the said Figures 9 to 12, a are the intermediate block links, which are of the
ordinary type, and have holes a¹, through their ends, adapted to receive the
integrally-formed hollow bushes 2, of the pairs of side plates 6, constituting
the alternate links b, which integral plates and bushes are formed by stamping
from sheet metal as hereinafter described and through the said hollow sleeves of
which, the joining-up pins or rivets d, pass and so secure together the assembled
components of the chain.
As a modification, the said joining up pins may be concealed within the interiors
of the said bushes, as represented in plan in Figure 13 and in horizontal section
in Figure 14, which shows the application to a block chain, although the same is
equally applicable to roller chain as shown in Figures 1 to 8. In the said Figures 13
and 14, a is the block link and the side plates the latter having integral
stamped-up hollow bushes 2, taking into the holes a', of the block and with the
open bottoms b³, being slightly choked or contracted to form bearings for the
heads, of the rivets d, which are concealed within the bushes.
In carrying out the manufacture of the integral side plates and bushes of the
side plates of the intermediate links of either a roller chain (see Figure 7) or of a
block chain (see Figure 12) or the combined side plates and hollow nipples of
the alternate links (see Figure 8), I propose to fashion the same by dies in either
a hand or power press, or by drop stamping, from a blank of sheet metal, pre-
ferably steel, and by a succession of operations to raise portions of the blank into
elongated cups or barrels of the required height and diameter, which, when the
ends are removed, constitute bearing sleeves for the rollers to run upon, or to take
into the blocks and receive the joining up pins, as the case may be.
Figure 15 represents a plan and an edge view of a strip of sheet steel, upon
which, adjacent to the edges, a series of opposite pairs of shallow caps are fetched
up,
in a press, this being the first stage in forming integral hollow studs with
the side plates, which are afterwards cut out from the strip, as represented by the
dotted lines in the plan, although the said side plates may be cut out to the
desired shape in the first instance and the hollow studs near their ends are sub-
sequently formed or fetched up in the same way.
Figures 16, 17 and 18 represent sections of the three successive stages in the
operation of fetching up the studs, whilst Figures 19 and 20 represent the same
blanks when the bottoms of the hollow barrels are knocked out or centrally
pierced, the studs shown in Figure 20 being particularly applicable for use with
links having concealed rivets as in Figures 13 and 14.
If necessary, the parts of the strips or blanks requiring to be operated upon
in order to fetch up the said studs may be made thicker than the bodies of the said
plates. I may also dispense with joining up rivets by causing the bushes of

page_text: the opposite side plates to telescope through or over one another and expanding
the ends of the same on the outer sides of the plates.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
:
-
First In drive chain, providing the innermost faces of the side plates of the
links with presented sleeves or hollow bushes, adapted to receive or take over like
presented hollow nipples or bushes on the inner faces of the side plates of the
next adjacent links, and through which latter (when the parts are assembled)
rivets or joining-up pins pass, substantially as and for the purpose described and
set forth in Figures 1 to 5.
Secondly: The manufacture of the side plates of drive chain links, having
integrally formed hollow studs, bushes or nipples, from sheet metal by a succes-
sion of stamping operations or raising processes, thus forming near the ends of
each plate, a pair of hollow cups, the bottoms of which are subsequently removedi
or pierced, substantially as described and set forth.
Dated this 18th day of May 1898
HENRY HALLADAY,
By Henry Skerrett,
24, Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.