IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOT, AND APPARATUS THEREFOR.”
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Field, of the Firm of Field, Field, and Cotton,
Consulting Engineers, Chandos Chambers, Adelphi, in the County of Middlesex,
and William Barry Lord, of Clare House, Hampstead, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF SHOT, AND APPARATUS THEREFOR.”
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Field and William
Barry Lord at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th August
1879.
EDWARD FIELD, of the Firm of Field, Field, and Cotton, Consulting Engineers,
Chandos. Chambers, Adelphi, in the County of Middlesex, and WILLIAM BARRY.
LRRD, of Clare House, Hampstead, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOT, AND APPARATUS THEREFOR.'
"
This Invention is designed to enable good round shot to be readily produced
without the use of high shot towers, and so that sportsmen or small dealers may
make their own shot. For this purpose, lead or a suitable metallic alloy in sheets
is passed, firstly, between cutting rollers, and secondly, between uniformly notched
rollers, which together with the cutting rollers are mounted on two spindles, or
shafts supported in suitable bearings, and geared together so that the apexes of the
notched rollers shall nearly meet and coincide during their rotation.
The first operation forms a strip, and the second forms that strip into uniform
pieces connected by a slight web or filament, from which the pieces are readily
detached. In some cases where "wire" can be obtained it may be used in lieu of
the sheets or strips.
The pieces of metal, formed as described, are subjected in a suitable vessel to the
action of sharp impact against each other and against such vessel. This vessel
which may be cylindrical, square, oval, or of other convenient shape in section, is
made of a length about four times its diameter, and preferably not less than
eighteen inches long. It is provided with fittings, so that it can be conveniently
fixed to a revolving body, and its longitudinal axis be thereby rotated in a vertical
plane. The rotary movement may be derived from either wind, water, manual, or
other convenient source of power, or the vessel may be fixed to the wheel of a
vehicle.
The vessel is formed with a suitable charging aperture, and its interior may with
advantage be enamelled.
The process above described, if continued for a few hours, will convert the pieces
of metal into very efficient shot.

page_text: •
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SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edward Field and William Barry Lord in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 16th February 1880.
EDWARD FIELD, of the Firm of Field, Field, and Cotton, Consulting Engineers,
Chandos Chambers, Adelphi, in the County of Middlesex, and WILLIAM BARRY
LORD, of Clare House, Hampstead, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOT AND APPARATUS THEREFOR."
•
This Invention is designed to enable good round shot to be readily produced
without the use of high shot towers, and so that sportsmen, small dealers, or others
may make their own shot. For this purpose, lead or a suitable metallic alloy is
forined into strips, which by being passed between suitable rolls, as hereinafter
described, are forined into uniform pieces connected by a slight web or filament,
from which the pieces are readily detached. In some cases where "wire" can be
obtained it may be used in lieu of the strips. The pieces of metal, formed as
described, are subjected in a suitable vessel to the action of sharp impact (as
distinguished from rolling or rumbling) against each other, and against such vessel.
This vessel, which may be cylindrical, square, oval, or of other convenient shape in
section, is made of a length about four times its diameter, and preferably not less
than eighteen inches long. It is provided with fittings so that it can be con-
veniently fixed to a revolving body, and be thereby rotated or carried round with
its.axis in a verticle plane so as to turn end over end. The rotary movement may
be derived from either wind, water, manual, or other convenient source of power, or
the vessel may be fixed to the wheel of a vehicle.
The vessel is formed with a suitable charging aperture, and its interior may with
advantage be enamelled.
The process above described, if continued for a few hours, will convert the pieces
of metal into very efficient shot.
Referring to the accompanying Drawings,
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of our apparatus for forming strips of lead or alloy into
uniform pieces. a is a clip frame suitable for securing to a bench B by the fastening
screw b, or to fix in a vice by the lug a². a, a, are two bosses forming the upper
part of the frame, and which are bored each with a round hole, the axes of the two
holes being parallel. The ends of the bosses are faced truly at right angles with the
axes of the holes. and g are two spindles truly fitted in the aforesaid holes, and
on which are fixed the rolls h, h; the rolls i, i, 2², ¿ª³, 24, 25, 26, 27, with interposed
washers k, l, and the intergeared toothed wheels 1, l'; m is a crank handle on the
lower spindle g for driving the apparatus. The rolls h; h, are formed with circum-
ferential grooves as clearly indicated, the dimensions of which grooves will of course
depend on the size of shot to be made.
Fig. 2 shews in profile the pair of rolls i, i'; Fig. 3 the roll i³, which is the same
as Fig. 4 the roll it, which is the same as ; and Fig. 5 the roll %, which is the
same as 7. Fig. 6 is a front view of the apparatus in which we treat the pieces
of lead or alloy formed as above, in order by impact to convert them into spherical
shot. Fig. 7 is a plan, and Fig. 8 is a front view of the pulley and fittings.
This apparatus as illustrated is constructed with two impact vessels n, n¹, but
such apparatus may have only one impact vessel, or there may be more than two,
and they may be arranged crosswise of one another, or as radii from the centre or
axis o about which they move. This axis or centre is in the present example
arranged to screw into any suitable post or support' (it may be a tree). The
vessels n, n', are held by the clips p which are tightened by thumb screws pl, and
secured by screwing or otherwise on a tube q which constitutes á prolonged nave
of the pulley, and with it turns on the axis o. The pulley may be driven in.any
convenient way. The impact vessels n, n¹, are provided with studs or projections n²,
to prevent end wise movement.

page_text: 8, 81, 82, 83, are sockets fixed on the side of the pulley for the purpose of
receiving radial arms (they may be of wood) so formed as to serve as wind mill
sails, so that the impact apparatus may be driven thereby instead of by the pulley.
ns, n³, are strap eyes, one near each end of each impact vessel, whereby the said
vessels may when dismounted be strapped to the wheel of a vehicle, so as to be
operated thereby in lieu of by the contrivances illustrated. In making shot according
to our Invention, with apparatus such as hereiuabove described, we proceed as
follows:-
Having cast or formed the lead or alloy into a strip or wire of a rectangular cross
section suitable for passing between the rolls i, ', if it be intended to make large shot,
we pass such strip directly between those rolls; but if smaller shot be required we
reduce the cross section of the strip or wire by passing it between one or more pairs
of the grooves of the rolls h, h¹, until it is of a cross section suitable for passing
between the pair of notched rolls corresponding to the size of shot required. By
passing between the notched rolls, the strip or wire is formed into uniforin or nearly
uniform pieces connected by a slight web or filament, the shape preferred being
cylindrical or cubical, the latter being shewn in Fig. 2. In the case of forming
cylindrical pieces the notches in the rolls must be semicircular. In this condition
the strips or wires are put into the impact vessels, which however should not be
more than one third filled. The impact vessels having been thus charged their
caps n are put on and are held in their places by suitable fastenings.
Drawings we have shewn a spring catch n for this purpose. The impact apparatus
is then operated as already described. The duration of the operation will depend
on the speed, size of shot, and other circumstances. Care must be taken not to turn
over the impact vessels so rapidly as by centrifugal force, to overcome the force of
gravity of their contents. From time to time we take samples from the impact
vessels to ascertain whether the rounding of the shot is completed.
In the
Having described the nature of the said Invention and explained the manner of
carrying it into practical effect, we would have it understood what we claim as of
our Invention is,―
1. The method, substantially as bereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 1 to 5
inclusive, of the accompanying Drawings, of preparing strips or pieces of lead or
other metal for the manufacture of shot.
2. The manufacture of shot by subjecting pieces of lead or other metal in a
suitable vessel to the action of sharp impact against each other and against such
vessel, substantially as hereinabove described.
3. The combined process of making shot, substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive, of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Field, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Sixteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
EDWARD FIELD. (L.S.)