IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON. OUTSIDE VENETIAN BLINDS." IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON. OUTSIDE VENETIAN BLINDS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Marie Jomain, of 26, Rue de Malte, Paris, in
the Empire of France, a Locksmith, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON. OUTSIDE VENETIAN BLINDS."
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON. OUTSIDE VENETIAN BLINDS."
Sealed the 6th September 1867, and dated the 27th March 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Marie Jomain at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th March 1867.
:
I, JEAN MARIE JOMAIN, of 26, Rue de Malte, Paris, in the Empire of
France, a Locksmith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON OUTSIDE VENETIAN BLINDS," to be
as follows:-
The main feature of the novel description of sheet-iron Venetian blinds or
shutters the subject of my Invention is that each leaf of the blind or shutter.
is of a single piece of sheet iron more or less thick according to the height of
the blind. By means of matrices and under a press or a stamping mill I stamp
out this sheet of iron, which I thus form into a frame with mouldings all around.
it, that is to say, on its four sides; these mouldings are alternately concave.

page_text: and convex in order to give great stiffness to the sheet iron, so that a
tolerably thin sheet, which was very supple and very flexible before the
stamping, becomes afterwards very stiff and can no longer get out of shape.
In the interior part of this frame I make straight or curved incisions parallel
to each other, which are opened more or less to permit the passage of air and
light, and this forms the Venetian blind,
I make in the same way Venetian blind doors, that is to say, doors of sheet
iron stamped in one piece, and with partly opened incisions,
I also make doors and window shutters of sheet iron stamped as aforesaid,
but without any incision.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jean Marie Jomain in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th September 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JEAN
MARIE JOMAIN, of 26, Rue de Malte, Paris, in the Empire of France, a
Locksmith, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Jean Marie Jomain, Her special licence that I, the said Jean Marie Jomain,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jean
Marie Jomain, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF IRON OUTSIDE VENETIAN BLINDS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Jean Marie Jomain, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, ar one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said. Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jean Marie Jomain, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement-
The essential characteristic of the sheet-iron Venetian blind or shutter, the
subject of this Invention, is that each leaf of the blind or shutter is made of
5 one single piece of sheet iron, no matter what may be its height of breadth,
To give it the necessary rigidity, that is to say, to prevent its getting out of
shape or warping, I cither stamp it out or join or clamp it with a double frame
of anglo iron and wood. I effect the stamping in matrices either in a stamping
mill, that is to say, by percussion or by a press; I thus make all around the leaf
of sheet iron concave or convex mouldings, which gives great stiffness to this
sheet iron by re-hammer-hardening it, and serves at the same time as ornamen-
tation. When I do not stamp out the sheet iron leaf to give it rigidity I place
it in a frame made of angle iron, I then apply upon it another frame of wood,
and the whole is firmly secured together by screws or rivets. In the middle
of the sheet-iron leaf I make with a knife or tool suitably set in a stamping
machine or in a press, straight or curved incisions parallel to each other, which
are then more or less opened by bending the sheet iron to give passage to air
and light, and this is what makes it a Venetian blind or shutter.
I make in the same manner Venetian blind doors, that is to say, sheet iron
doors of a single piece with opened incisions to permit the passage of air and
light.
Finally, I also make doors or shutters of a single leaf of sheet iron stamped.
out or set in a frame, but without incision.
To complete this description I have now but to give an explanation of the
Sheet of Drawing annexed to and forming part of this my Specification.
The scale of the Drawing is arbitrary, because Venetian blinds or shutters
may be made of any dimensions.
Fig. 1 is a view of the inner face of a Venetian blind or shutter in 3 leaves
and of stamped sheet iron; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of this blind or shutter
at Y, Y, Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a vertical section at X, X, Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is the
top view of this blind or shutter folded and laid back against the wall at the
side of the window; Fig. 5 is the front view of a Venetian door of stamped-
out sheet iron; Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of this door at Z, Z, Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is a view of a three-leaved Venetian blind or shutter, each leaf being
set in a frame; Fig. 8. is the top view of the said blind or shutter; Fig. 9 is
a vertical section of the same at X', X', Fig. 7.
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4.-A, A', A", sheet-iron leaves of from 1 to of an
inch thick, stamped all round with half-round grooves or flutings a, a¹; a",

page_text: which gives the stiffness to the sheet iron; the profile of these mouldings is
best seen at Fig. 3; these three leaves are united by hinges c, c', as shewn
Fig. 1. At the same time that the stamping machine forms in the sheet
iron A the hollow moulding a, a, a, a, it drives back the part of the iron
limited by this moulding; at Figs. 2 and 3 it will be seen that the part J, J,
is pushed back from the face A, A. The incisions D, D, D, are then made,
and at the same time the sheet iron comprised between these incisions is bent,
as represented at Figs. 2 and 3, where it will be seen that the plates or
laths D', D', D, have been inclined to give passage to air. The first leaf A"
of the Venetian blind or shutter is joined to a band or plate of angle iron B,
on which are riveted the cramps or boldfasts 6, 6; when these holdfasts are
let into the wall P of the window the Venetian blind or shutter is firmly fixed,
sce Fig. 4, which shews the position of the blind or shutter when entirely
opened; in this case the three leaves A, A¹, A", are folded the one against
the other and against the wall of the window, they therefore take up very
In some cases,"
little room in order not to lessen the opening of the window.
if thought desirable, one or several of the fixed plates or laths D, D, might be
cut out and removed to be replaced by moveable laths turning on pivots.
mand m are the bolts for fastening the shutter or blind.
Figures 5 and 6.-Venetian blind door of a single leaf of stamped-out sheet
iron. a, a, a, a, are half-round mouldings made in the stamping machine
to give rigidity to the sheet iron; D, D, are incisions for the introduction of
air; Qis a plain panel slightly driven outward by the stamping.
Figures 7, 8, and 9.-Venetian blind or shutter formed of 3 leaves of plain
sheet iron framed, each leaf being of a single piece of sheet iron. a, a, a,
frames of angle iron, shewn in edge view at a¹ and a", Fig. 9; A, A, A, wooden
frames fitting exactly in the iron frames a, a, a; B, tolerably thin leaf of sheet:
iron placed between the two frames a and A, the whole being firmly united
by countersunk screws or rivets c, c, c; D, D₁, D"; hinges which unite the
3 leaves of the blind or shutter; G, plate of angle iron to which is attached
the first leaf of the blind or shutter; this plate is fastened against the wall of
the window; b, b, b, incisions made in the sheet iron, which are bent or inclined,
as shewn Fig. 9, to open passages e, e, e, to the air and light.
To sum up I clain,-
Firstly, the manufacture of the leaves of Venetian blinds, shutters, or doors
of one piece of sheet iron of little thickness.
Secondly, the means of giving the necessary rigidity to this leaf of sheet iron
by re-hammer-hardening it, ("la récrouissant,") in stamping it all round with

page_text: hollow mouldings of different shapes, which serve at the same time as orna-
mentation, or by joining this leaf to a double frame of angle iron and wood,
the whole being riveted or screwed together.
Thirdly, the formation of the plates or laths of the Venetian blind, shutter,
or door in these leaves of sheet iron by bending each plate or lath thus cut
out to obtain a passage for air and light.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jean Marie Jomain, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this Twentieth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
BRESSON, F.,
Ingénieur Civil,
36, Rue de Malte, à Paris.
J. M. JOMAIN. (L.S.)