Improvements in or relating to the Lubrication of Crank Pins and Eccentrics of Engines and Machines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 1st June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 28th Feb., 1895-Accented, 4th May, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Lubrication of Crank Pins
and Eccentrics of Engines and Machines.
I, HERBERT LINDLEY, of Sandon Works, Patricroft, near Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to improvements in or relating to the lubrication
of crank pins and eccentrics of engines and machines. According thereto a film
cr layer of oil is applied to that portion of the surface of a brass or bearing
(hereinafter called a bearing) which, for the time being, is not forced into contact
with the crank pin, eccentric or other part (hereinafter referred to as a crank pin)
so that when the pressure of the bearing again comes on the said surface of crank
pin, the film or layer of oil so applied will be located between the two surfaces
and will act to prevent direct or metallic impact of the one surface on the other,
and so eliminate all knocking or pounding of the two parts.
The thickness of the film or layer of oil so applied will be equal to and dependent
on the amount of play between the bearing and crank pin and will therefore
effectually act in the manuer described even after considerable wear of the two
parts has taken place.
In carrying out my invention I form on one portion of the surface of the crank
pin, and extending preferably nearly the full length of the bearing surface of such
pin, a flat or recess the particular position of which on the pin with respect to the
centre of the crank shaft is dependent upon the following consideration. It is
well known that in double acting engines, such as motive power steam engines and
the like, and which constantly run in one direction, there is one portion of the
crank pin (or eccentric) which is less subject to pressure from the bearing (or
strap) working thereon than the remaining part, and which may therefore, as far
as its use as a bearing surface is concerned, be eliminated. It is at this portion
therefore of the bearing surface of the pin or eccentric that I make the flat or
recess so as to form, with the bearing, an oil chamber or cavity into which oil in
sufficient quantity is supplied by any suitable means. A convenient arrangement
for this purpose comprises a centrifugal oiling ring carried by the crank, and
to which oil is supplied in any convenient way as for example from an overhead
tank fed by a pump driven by the motor, or by equivalent means, such as a disc
secured to the motor shaft and arranged to dip into oil and splash it on to
a collector, whence it is led to the oiling ring, a passage being formed through the
crank pin so that the aforesaid oil chamber or cavity will be kept supplied with
oil from the oiling ring when the engine or machine is running.
Dated this 1st day of June 1894.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to the Lubrication of Crank Pins
and Eccentrics of Engines and Machines.
I, HERBERT LINDLEY, of Sandon Works, Patricroft near Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to improvements in or relating to the lubrication
of crank pins and eccentrics. According thereto a film or layer of oil is applied
to that portion of the surface of a brass or bearing (hereinafter called a bearing)
which, for the time being, is not forced into contact with the crank pin or eccentric
(hereinafter referred to as a crank pin), so that when the pressure of the bearing
again comes on the said surface of the crank piu, the film or layer of oil so applied
will be located between the two surfaces and will act to prevent direct or metallic
impact of the one surface on the other, and so eliminate all knocking or pounding
of the two parts.
The thickness of the film or layer of oil so applied will be equal to and dependent
on the amount of play between the bearing and crank pin and will therefore
effectually act in the manner described even after considerable wear of the two
parts has taken place.
In carrying out my invention I form on one portion of the surface of the crank
pin, and extending preferably nearly the full length of the bearing surface of such
pin, a flat or recess the particular position of which on the pin with respect to
the centre of the crank shaft is dependent upon the following consideration.
It is well known that in double acting engines, such as motive power steam engines
and the like, and which constantly run in one direction, there is one portion of the
crank pin (or eccentric) which is less subject to pressure from the bearing (or strap)
working thereon than the remaining part, and which may therefore as far as its
use as a bearing surface is concerned, be eliminated. It is at this portion therefore,
of the bearing surface of the pin or eccentric that I make the flat or recess so as
to form, with the bearing, an oil chamber or cavity into which oil in sufficient
quantity is supplied by any suitable means.
And in order that my invention may be fully understood I will now proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying illustrative drawings the best way
known to me of carrying it into practical effect.
In these drawings,
Fig. 1 is an end view, and
Fig. 2 a side view, partly in section, showing my invention applied to the crank
pin of an engine.
A is the crank pin upon which is formed the flat A' the position of which is
determined as herein before mentioned and is such that the crank pin brass B will
never be pressed towards it. This will be readily understood upon reference
to Fig. where the crank pin is shown, in dotted lines, in four different positions
and the vertical arrows shew the direction of the thrust or pressure of the brass
or bearing on the pin due to the steam pressure on the piston of the engine, the
engine cylinder being situated vertically above the crank shaft. It will be seen
from this view that the portion of the surface of the crank pin where the flat A'
is situated is never subject to pressure from the brass or bearing, and that if the
cavity or chamber C thus formed between the crank pin and its brass or bearing
be kept supplied with oil, such oil will be constantly laid on that portion of the surface
of the brass or bearing that is, for the moment, not being pressed into contact with
the pin. have found that the corner A2 of the flat A when the crank pin rotates

page_text: in the direction of the circular arrow, should be well rounded as shown, in order
to render certain the introduction of a sufficiently thick film of oil between the
pin and brass to ensure that the space between the two, when much wear has
taken place shall be entirely filled up with oil so that knocking or pounding
shall at all times be effectually prevented. The oil spreading corner A² may be
extended nearly the full length of the bearing surface of the crank pin as shown
in Fig. 2, the cavity itself being shorter so as to leave some considerable portion
of the cylindrical surface of the pin available in cases where such may be some-
times desirable, as for instance in an engine for a vessel requiring to go astern
occasionally for short periods. I consider this construction is also desirable in
nearly all cases.
Oil is led to the chamber or cavity C through an oil duct or passage D formed
in the crank pin and which oil is fed by any suitable means.
A convenient arrangement for this purpose is shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and
comprises a centrifugal internally grooved oiling ring E carried by one of the
crank webs, and to which oil is supplied in any convenient way as for example
by a pipe F from an overhead tank fed by a pump driven by the motor, or by
equivalent means such as a disc secured to the motor shaft and arranged to dip
into oil and splash it on to a collector, whence it is led to the oiling ring, the
arrangement in each case being such that when the engine is running the oil fed
to the oiling ring will pass to the grooved inner periphery thereof whence it will
pass in a continuous manner through the aforesaid passage D in the crank pin
to the aforesaid oil chamber or cavity C, which will thus be kept supplied with
oil whilst the engine is running.
Fig. 3 is a side view and Fig. 4 a cross section showing my invention applied
to an eccentric. In this case the oil cavity C, located as herein before mentioned,
is preferably a curved one in order to avoid any opening at the sides through
which dust or dirt might enter. Oil may conveniently be supplied to it by means
of a pipe and oil receptacle fixed on the eccentric rod, as the amount of oil
required is not large, the construction of the eccentric straps shewn retaining the
oil and only allowing it to escape or waste very slowly.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. A lubricating arrangement for a crank pin or eccentric, wherein the crank
pin or eccentric is formed at that portion of its periphery that is not or is least
subjected to pressure by its brass or bearing with a flat or recess so as to form
with the brass or bearing an oil chamber or cavity, and means are provided for
continuously supplying oil to said cavity or chamber, the arrangement being such
that upon rotation of the said crank pin or eccentric, a layer or film of oil will be
introduced between the crank pin or eccentric and its brass or bearing of sufficient
thickness to fill the space between the two and prevent pounding or knocking of
the two parts, substantially as herein described.
2. The combination of a crank pin provided with a flattened surface at that part
of its periphery not or least subject to pressure and with an oil passage, a centri-
fugal oiling ring carried by the crank web and having its internal periphery
adjacent to the inlet end of said oil passage, and means for supplying oil to said
oiling ring, substantially as herein described and shown.
Dated this 28th day of February 1805
HERBERT LINDLEY.
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.