IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL STONE, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE PRESERVATION OF STONE, BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES OR MATERIALS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Settle Barff, of the City and County of
Dublin, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF
ARTIFICIAL STONE, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE
PRESERVATION OF STONE, BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES OR
MATERIALS
Sealed the 12th February 1861, and dated the 26th October 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Settle Barff
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th October 1860.
I, FREDERICK SETTLE BARFF, of the City and County of Dublin, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRO-
DUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL STONE, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE
PRESERVATION OF STONE, BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES OR
MATERIALS," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
My Invention has reference to the production of artificial stone suitable for
the various building or other purposes, such as construction, decoration, or
attrition in which natural or artificial stone is or may be employed; as also to
the preservation of building materials, such as stone, bricks, tiles, cement, or
otherwise from decay, and consists in the employment of any soluble silicate,
such as silicate of soda or silicate of potash decomposed by carbonate of lead
877

page_text: (commonly known as dry white lead) or other like material insoluble in water,
whether incorporated or combined with suitable materials forproducing blocks
of artificial stone or applied to the surfaces of building materials, as above
mentioned, for arresting or preserving the same from decay. For this
I combine in any ordinary manner,
Silicate of soda, sp. gr. 147010 drams by measure.
Powdered pumice -
Dry white lead
2 oz.
"
4 oz.
29
purpose
Which composition when placed in moulds of the required form sets of itself,
and becomes hard and insoluble without the agency or action of heat. The
said silicate of soda and dry white lead may also be applied, with or without
colouring matter, to external surfaces previously saturated with the aforesaid
silicates, by brushes or otherwise, for the purpose of rendering them hard and
waterproof; any suitable agents being employed, if necessary, for retarding the
drying or setting action of the composition.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Frederiff Settle Barff, in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 26th April 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
SETTLE BARFF, in the City and County of Dublin, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of October in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Frederick Settle Barff, Her special licence that I, the said Frederick
Settle Barff, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such other as I,
the said Frederick Settle Barff, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at
all times thereafter, during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL STONE, WHICH IMPROVE-
MENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE PRESERVATION OF STONE, BRICKS, TILES, AND
OTHER ANALAGOUS SUBSTANCES OR MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Frederick Settle Barff, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and

page_text: seals; should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Settle Barff, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
My Invention has reference to the production of artificial stone suitable for
the various building or other purposes, such as construction, decoration, or
attrition, in which natural or artificial stone is or may be employed; as also to
the preservation of stone, bricks, tiles, cements or other analagous building
materials from decay.
Aud in order that my said Invention may be more fully understood and.
readily carried into effect, I now proceed to describe in detail the mode of
performing the same (that is to say) :-
To obtain artificial stone by my improved process, I employ powdered
pumice stone in combination with soluble silicates, such as silicate of soda or:
silicate of potash; the said silicates being. combined with or decomposed by
carbonate of lead, carbonate of zinc, or other suitable material insoluble in
water, which will decompose or chemically unite with the said silicates. The
proportions I prefer to employ are as follow:-
Silicate of soda (sp. gr. 1470), or
otherwise as above mentioned - } Ill drams by measure.
Powdered pumice stone
Carbonate of lead, or otherwise
2 lbs. by weight.
4.0%. "
"
Which composition when placed in moulds of the required form sets.of itself,
and becomes hard and insoluble in water without the agency or action of.heat.
Proportionate quantities of chalk, sand, or other similar or suitable sub-
stance may also be incorporated with the compound, aud thus enable it to be
obtained at less cost in accordance with the nature or description of the work
to which it is intended to be applied.
In the preservation of building materials, as above mentioned, I employ the
said soluble silicates combined with or decomposed by carbonate of zinc or
otherwise, as herein-before described, in the proportions above set forth, viz.,
Silicate of potash (sp. gr. 1470), or otherwise 10 drams by weight.
Carbonate of zinc, or otherwise
The said materials, either with or without colouring matters, being applied
in a cold state to the external surfaces of the said building materials in the
4 oz.
"" "

page_text: manner herein-after stated, viz., the stone or otherwise being first more or less
saturated with the soluble silicate, is then to be coated with the insoluble
material (with or without the addition of colouring matters) mixed with water,
pipe clay, or other suitable adhesive substances; the whole of which is then to
be again saturated with the soluble silicate.
Having now described the nature of this my said Invention and the manner
in which the same is to be performed and carried into effect, I would have it
clearly understood that I do not claim as of my Invention the exclusive use of
the several substances and processes herein-before described, except when the
same are employed in and for the purposes of my said Invention, which I
hereby declare to consist,―
Firstly, in the manufacture of artificial stone by the combination in a cold
state of pumice stone with soluble silicates decomposed by the above-
mentioned carbonates, or other materials suitable for chemically uniting with
the said silicates.
And secondly, in preserving building materials from decay by the employ-
ment of the said silicates and insoluble bodies in the manner and for the
purposes herein-before set forth and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Settle Barff, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
FREDERICK SETTLE BARFF. (L.S.)
F. R. DARKIN CAMPBELL,
Clerk to Messrs. Weatherdon & Co.,
77, Chancery Lane.