IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING AND GRINDING ORADES AND OTHED SHOOTAWATO
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Mosheimer, of Dolgelly, in the County of
Merioneth, Wales, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING AND GRINDING ORADES AND OTHED SHOOTAWATO "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Mosheimer at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th January 1863.
I, JOSEPH MOSHEIMER, of Dolgelly, in the County of Merioneth, Wales, Gen-
tleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING AND GRINDING QUARTZ AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," to
be as follows:-
My improvements consist in combining in the same machine two
principles of crushing, firstly, by centrifugal force, and secondly, by grinding.
The first crushing is performed in the following manner :-If a piece of
rock or ore is let fall on a hard surface from a given height, it will in propor-
tion to the height more or less fall to pieces. Now if a force is employed to
throw, for instance, a piece of quartz at a great velocity against a piece of
solid iron, such a tremendous blow is given to the quartz that it will be thrown
back (rebound) shattered to pieces, and be in course of time as fine as may
be required; but in order that every particle which may escape be reduced
to powder, I place a grinder under the above crushing machine, which acts

page_text: on the plan of a grinding mill, it is entirely of iron and kept cool by a con-
tinual stream of water passing through its centre, entering a hollow shaft,
filling all the empty spaces, and discharging itself below. The outside of the
whole machine is also kept cool by water surrounding the said grinder in a
tank.
In performing my Invention the shaft with part of the crushers and the
grinders are set to revolve in one direction, while the hollow shaft with the
other part of the crushers is turned the opposite way..
To give the crushing wings a double action I have placed another set of
wings on the top of the first, running in the opposite direction, so that if a 1
piece of quartz is thrown by the lower wing it is caught by the upper one,
and rebounded to the lower or on the grooved side, and so on continually until
it is fine enough, then it is discharged through sieves. The stuff to be
crushed is introduced through a hopper, and falls to the bottom; the cen-
trifugal motion causes all particles to be carried instantly to the outer part of 1
the wings, and there thrown either against the grooved sides, or against the
upper wings, and re-thrown in the opposite direction.
At the revolving bottom are placed several punched sheet iron screens to
allow the fine reduced stuff to pass; this falls against the grinders, by which it
is ground as fine as wanted, and discharged at the bottom. At the bottom of
the grinder is a set screw with india-rubber plates by which the grinder may
be so set as 'to grind close and fine, and have some elasticity.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Mosheimer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th July 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPП
MOSHEIMER, of Dolgelly, in the County of Merioneth, Wales, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Joseph Mosheimer, Her special license that I, the said Joseph
Mosheimer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Joseph Mosheimer, my executors, administrators, and assigns,

page_text: should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING AND GRINDING QUARTZ AND
OTHER SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Joseph Mosheimer, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should parti-
cularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Mosheimer, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say):-
The nature of my Invention consists in combining in the same machine
the two principles of crushing and grinding quartz and other substances.
First, the quartz or other substances is crushed by centrifugal force, and
then it is ground fine by suitable grinding machinery.
In reference to the first operation I would observe that if a piece of rock or
ore is let fall on to a hard surface from a given height, it will, in proportion
to the height from which it has fallen, be more or less broken to pieces. Now
if force be employed to throw a piece of quartz at, for instance, the velocity of
six hundred feet per minute against a solid piece of iron, such a tremendous
blow is given to the quartz that it will be thrown back and shattered to
pieces, and in course of time, if the blows are repeated, the quartz will be
reduced to as fine a state as may be required; but in order that every particle
which escapes reduction by this operation may be reduced to powder, I have
placed under the above crushing machine a grinder, which acts on the plan of a
grinding mill. This grinder is constructed entirely of iron, and is kept cool
by a continual stream of water which is made to pass through its centre, as
shewn in Fig. 1 in the accompanying Drawing, which represents a vertical
section taken through the centre of the machine. Fig. 2 is a plan in section
of the crushing part of the machine; and Fig. 3 is a plan in section of the
grinder. It will be seen that the water enters the machine by the hollow.
shaft C, as indicated by the arrow, and fills all the empty spaces at N, N.
inside the grinding surfaces, and it is finally discharged at O, as shewn by the

page_text: arrows. The outside of the whole machine is also kept cool by water sur-
rounding the grinder in the hollow jacket P, P. The machine is set in
motion in the following manner :-
A is the driving shaft, on which is fixed the pulley B, which is driven by
steam or other power; to the shaft A is fixed the bevel wheel S, gearing
above in the wheel S¹ fixed to the shaft C, and below in the wheel S² fixed to
the hollow shaft T. The lower wings K, K, of the crusher, and the grinders
L, L, L, are fixed to the shaft C, and revolve in one direction, while the
hollow shaft T is turned in the opposite direction; to the lower end of the
shaft T is fixed the rotating wheel or wings Q, Q, of the crusher. By this
arrangement a double action of the wings K, K, and Q, Q, is produced, for
as the wings Q, Q, are placed above the wings K, K, and they run in oppo-
site directions, if a piece of quartz be thrown by the lower wing it will be
caught by the upper one and rebounded to the lower wing, or on to the flat
revolving plate U, on which the wings are fastened, and so on continually until
the quartz is reduced fine enough, it is then discharged through the sieves R.
The quartz to be crushed is introduced through the hopper G, and passes
through the opening g, from whence it falls to the revolving bottom plate U, and
by the centrifugal motion of this plate all the particles are instantly carried to
the outer part of the wings K, and then thrown against the fixed grooved
sides H, or against the upper wings Q, Q, by which they are re-thrown in the
opposite direction. On the revolving bottom plate U are placed several
punched sheet iron screens or sieves, shewn best in Fig. 3, through which the
fine reduced quartz falls, and is conducted to the revolving grinders L, L, L,
by passing between which and the stationary grinding surfaces L, L, L', it
will be ground as fine as may be required, and will then be discharged at the
bottom through the openings I. At the bottom of the grinder shaft is a set
screw C¹, furnished with india-rubber plates, by which the grinders may be
so set as to grind close and fine, and yet to have some elasticity.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself
to the details given, as they may be considerably varied or modified according
to the substance to be operated upon, but what I claim as my Invention is,―
First, the horizontal centrifugal motion of the wings K and Q revolving
in contrary directions, for the purpose of crushing quartz and other sub-
stances.
Secondly, the improved machinery for grinding quartz and other substances,

page_text: Thirdly, the use of a continuous stream of water made to run through the
centre of the hollow shaft in order to keep the grinder and other parts cool.
And, lastly, I claim the general arrangement of the machinery as described,
and every part thereof, as a new mode of crushing and grinding quartz,
ore, and other minerals and vegetables, and animal substances.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Mosheimer, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
JOSEPH MOSHEIMER. (L.B.)