IMPROVEMENTS: IN HOT-WATER APPARATUS FOR HEATING CONSERVATORIES AND OTHER BUILDINGS OR APART- MENTS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Milbank, of Chelmsford, in the County of
Essex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS: IN HOT-WATER
APPARATUS FOR HEATING CONSERVATORIES AND OTHER BUILDINGS OR APART-
MENTS.
Sealed the 7th February 1865, and dated the 11th August 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Milbank at the
Office of the Commissioners of. Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
August 1864.
Į, JAMES MILBANK, of Chelmsford, in the County of Essex, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN HOT-WATER APPARATUS. FOR HEATING CONSERVATORIES AND OTHER BUILDINGS OR
APARTMENTS," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in hot-water apparatus relates to the
arrangement.of the boiler and fire-place, and parts connected therewith, whereby
water is heated and caused to circulate in pipes or channels for the purpose
heating conservatories and other buildings and apartments. For this purpose
it is usual to employ what is termed a saddle boiler, being arched in form both
on the exterior and interior, the space between containing the water to be
heated, the fire being placed in the interior and the draught passing through.
According to my Invention I make my boiler in its transverse section some-
what of the saddle form, but deeper in the sides, and I cover or arch in the

page_text: back part, thus the boiler is arched and closed in both at the top and at the back,
the front being also enclosed by a plate or surface having the doors and other
parts for access to the fire. The bars are placed on a level with the bottom
of the boiler, and the fire lying thereon is enclosed by the boiler as described,
containing a film or thickness of water, which is presented to the heat of the
fire at all points except at the front enclosed by the plate before named, and
the area occupied by the furnace bars. The passage from the fire to the flue
is in front at the top of the boiler, which leads to a cavity or flue surrounding
the outside of the boiler and built of brickwork, and somewhat approximating
to the shape of the boiler. The flue surrounding the boiler I divide by pre-
ference by a diaphragm from back to front on the top, dividing the one side
from the other, so that the flue passage leading from the fire being conducted
to one side disperses the products of combustion and heat on the one side,
passing from thence round the back part of the boiler to the other side, at the
extreme of which is the passage leading to the chimney; this flue space
outside the boiler I form as low down as the bottom of the boiler (level with
the fire-bars); thus the film or thickness of water contained within the inner and
outer shells of the boiler is presented to the heating medium, the inner surface
to the direct heat of the fire, and the outer to the heat of the flue, both of
which surfaces are extensive, as before described. In the passage leading from
the fire to the surrounding flues I place a damper to regulate the combustion
and heat as may be required. To the front plate enclosing the boiler and fire
I fit at bottom the ash-pit door, which is useful to regulate the admission of
air to the fire. Above the bars I fit a small door used for raking or cleaning
the fire, and above and towards the upper part of the boiler I fix an inclined
shoot with a cover, which can either be used to throw on the fuel from time to
time, or may have an extension fitted to it which will contain a quantity of fuel, it
will be self-supplying, and so maintain the action of the fire for a considerable
length of time. For this purpose I fix a short enclosed spout or channel,
fitted with a lid or cover, which answers for the supply of fuel in small quan-
tities, and to this short piece I fit an extension, such as will contain the quan-
tity of fuel desired; the cover of the lower piece is of course open when fitted
with the supply chamber, that chamber being furnished with a cover to enclose
it at top. The fuel as it becomes consumed in the fire falls by its own gravity
in the inclined supplying chamber and passes into the fire.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Milbank in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th February 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
MILBANK, of Chelmsford, in the County of Essex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Milbank, Her special licence that I, the said James
Milbank, my exécutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said James Milbank, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN HOT-WATER APPARATUS FOR HEATING CONSERVATORIES AND OTHER BUILDINGS OR
APARTMENTS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James
Milbank, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing 'under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Milbank, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):
-
My Invention of improvements in hot-water apparatus relates to the
arrangement of the boiler and fire-place, and parts connected therewith, whereby
water is heated and caused to circulate in pipes or channels for the purpose of
heating conservatories and other buildings and apartments. For this purpose
it is usual to employ what is termed a saddle boiler, which is of an arched form,
both on the exterior and interior, the space between containing the water to be
heated; the fire is placed in the interior, while the draught passes directly
through.

page_text: According to my Invention I make my boiler in transverse section somewhat
of a saddle form but deeper in the sides, and I core or arch in the back part,
thus the boiler is arched and closed in both at the top and at the back; the
front is enclosed by a plate or surface in which are the doors and other parts
for access to the fire. The bars are placed on a level with the bottom of the
boiler, and the fire lying theron is enclosed by the boiler as described, and
containing a film or thickness of water is presented to the heat of the fire at all
points except at the front enclosed by the plate before mentioned, and the area
occupied by the furnace bars. The passage from the fire to the flue is in front at
the top of the boiler, which leads to a cavity or flue space surrounding the outside
of the boiler; it is built of brickwork, and somewhat approximating to the shape
of the boiler. The flue space surrounding the boiler I divide by preference by a
diaphragm from back to front on the top of the boiler, dividing the one side from
the other, so that the flame passage leading from the fire being conducted to
one side disperses the products of combustion and heat on the one side passing
from thence round the back part of the boiler to the other side, at the extreme
of which is the passage leading to the chimney; this flue space on the out-
side of the boiler I form as low down as the bottom of the boiler (level with
the fire-bars); thus the whole surface of the film or thickness of water con-
tained within the inner and outer shells of the boiler is presented to the
heating medium, the inner surface to the direct heat of the fire, and the outer
to the heat in the flue, both of which surfaces are extensive, as before described.
In the passage leading from the fire to the surrounding flues I place a damper
to regulate the combustion and heat as may be required. To the front plate
enclosing the boiler and fire 'I fit at bottom the ash-pit door, which is useful to
regulate the admission of air to the fire. Above the bars I fit a small door
used for raking or clearing the fire, and above and towards the upper part of
the boiler I fix an inclined shoot with a cover, which can either be used to
throw on the fuel from time to time, or may have an extension fitted to it,
which will contain a quantity of fuel and will be self-supplying, and so main-
tain the action of the fire for a considerable length of time. For this purpose
I fix a short enclosed spout or channel fitted with a lid or cover, which answers
for the supply of fuel in small quantities, and to this short piece I fit an exten-
sion, such as will contain the quantity of fuel desired; the cover of the lower
piece is of course open when fitted with the supply chamber, that chamber
being furnished with a cover to enclose it at top. The fuel as it becomes con-
sumed in the fire falls by its own gravity in the inclined supply chamber and
passes into the fire.

page_text: Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and '5 of the Drawings annexed illustrate my 'improvements
in hot-water apparatus for 'heating conservatories and other buildings or
apartments.
Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of the boiler and stove or furnace
arranged according to my Invention; Fig. 2 a lateral vertical section on
line 1, 2, Fig. 3, which is a plan of the boiler and stove on line 3, 3, Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is a plan on line 4, 4, Fig. 1; while Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical
section on line 5, 5, Fig. 1.
. A, A, is the boiler which 'is of an arched or saddle form on the top, and of
similar form at the back, the fire B being placed in the space so prescribed, as
also by the front plate C; the plate C encloses the front of the boiler and flues,
which surround the entire exterior surface of the boiler, being limited and
formed by the brickwork D; the boiler is thus subject to the heat of the fire
throughout its entire interior surface, and to the heat of the flues on its entire
exterior surface or nearly so, and at the same time a small quantity of water
being contained within the boiler it readily becomes heated, and the heat
evolved conveyed by the pipes to the apartment or place required. E, E, are
the fire-bars resting on an angle iron or ledge formed on the lower part of the
boiler; F is the pipe by which the heated water leaves the boiler, and H, H,
the pipes by which the cold water returns, that is to say, the water passing
from pipe F after having circulated as desired. The flue space I, I,
surrounding the boiler is partially separated by a diaphragm K, K, at the
upper part, separating it into two parts L and M. The heat, flame, and pro-
ducts of combustion evolved in the fire space B finds escape only by a passage
P, furnished with a damper G, at the top of the boiler near the front opening
into the first flue space L; after circulating in the space I and throughout one
side of the boiler it passes into flue space M and circulates on the other side
of the boiler, escaping thence by the flue R to the chimney S; the heat is
thus exposed to the whole or nearly the whole of the exterior surface of the
boiler before it escapes to the chimney. T is the ash-pit door by which the
draught is regulated; U is an opening for raking or stirring the fire; W is the
ash-pit; while X, X, are soot doors for cleaning out the flues and outside of
the boiler.
According to this arrangement of boiler the heat of the fire after heating
the interior surface of the boiler passes outside on the exterior surface, first on
the one side and then on the other, and ultimately to the chimney. For feeding
the fire an inclined channel Y is fixed to the front plate with a lid Z, by which the

page_text: fire may be fed at pleasure, but when it is desired to provide a self-acting supply
for a length of time I add a lengthening piece Z' to Y, and fill it full of the
fuel to be used, this, as it is consumed at bottom, falls down the incline and
supplies the fire, and and so continues the supply of the fire for a length of
time. The heating is of course conducted in the ordinary manner, the hot!
water being conveyed away by the pipe F and the cold returned by the pipes H,
the heat being abstracted or given off midway between those points.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of perform-
ing the same, I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the arrangement and con- 1
struction of boiler and furnace or heating apparatus for heating conservatories
and other buildings or apartments herein-before described and represented in
the Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Milbank, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of February, in the year of our 1
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
JAMES MILBANK. (LS.)