Machine for Bevelling the Edges of Cardboard.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 16th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 7th Mar., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Machine for Bevelling the Edges of Cardboard.
I, CASTLE SMITH of 54, Fleet Street, in the City and County of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, as communicated to
me from abroad by Carl Mortensen, of 37 Longangsstraede, Copenhagen in
the Kingdom of Denmark, Machine Manufacturer, to be as follows:-
Heretofore it has been usual to cut the edges of cardboard on the slant by hand,
the operator either scraping the edges of the cardboard with a scraping steel, or
grinding them off with an emery wheel.
As this operation is not only difficult, inexact and tedious, but also unhealthy and
consequently costly it will be of considerable advantage if it can be effected by the
aid of machinery.
The present invention embraces a machine for this purpose, this being so
constructed that the cardboards, fixed in a press, are brought successively
against a knife reciprocating at right angles to the direction in which the press
travels, and which during its forward movement cuts the edges of the cardboards
on the slant and returns out of contact therewith.
The machine consists of two guides mounted upon a base on which slides a
carriage having a clamping apparatus fitted on it for the purpose of steadying
the press.
Extending across these guides at one end is a slide in which reciprocates the
knife-holder-said knife-holder being connected to the eccentric disc by a rod, so
that it is reciprocated when the disc is revolved.
The knife-holder consists of a block moving in the slide extending across the
carriage guides, to which is secured the knife-holder proper in such a manner
that it may be raised or lowered relatively to said block by means of regulating
screws.
The knife is fixed in a recess in the revolving disc provided with an additional
piece at its upper end for connecting it to a spring which retains it in position.
This disc is fitted over a second disc, which is pivoted by the aid of two lugs
near its bottom end to the knife-holder, so that it may be forced more or less
from the front surface of the latter by means of screws in such a manner that the
knife will be placed in a more or less slanting position.
As above mentioned the knife-holder reciprocates in the slide extending across
the carriage guide. At the end of the forward movement the foremost end of the
movable plate which is mounted on the knife-holder strikes against a projection
This movement turns a
fixed on the machine, so that said plate is driven back.
sinall lever or pin, one end of which extends into a recess in the plate sliding on the
knife-holder, so causing its opposite end to act upon the projection on the disc in
which the knife is secured and revolve the latter, thereby raising the knife edge
which consequently, during the return stroke is held free of the cardboards.
By this means the jambing of the cuttings between the knife and the cardboards
is prevented.
As the knife-holder completes its backward movement the hindermost edge of
the plate mounted on it strikes against another projection on the machine so moving
the plate forward again, causing the lever engaging with it at one end to cease
pressing upon the projection on the disc carrying the knife, and the spring to bring
this disc and the knife into position for cutting. In a modified formn the lever has

page_text: one arm and is pivoted, a hook, fixed on the lever, engaging with a small cavity in
the projection on the disc carrying the knife. On the plate on the knife-holder
being moved back the lever is so shifted as to cause the hook on it to give a partial
revolution to the disc, so lifting the knife from the cardboard.
In all other respects
the knife-holder is the same as before described.
The carriage sliding upon the guides fixed to the base is worked in the following
nanner :-
The machine is operated by means of belt and pulleys, or by a hand-wheel fixed
at the end of the axis from which the knife-holder is operated. A wheel on which
are a number of projections, is fixed on this axis, reciprocates a lever, so that a
pawl on it acting upon a second toothed-wheel turns this wheel round with its axis
on which another toothed-wheel engaging with a toothed bar on the upper edge of
the carriage, is placed.
In order to prevent the carriage from suddenly backing, from some cause or
other, another pawl is provided, which engages with the same wheel as the first
mentioned pawl in such a manner as to stop any retrograde movement.
If it is required to bring the carriage back again after its forward movement, this
is done in the following manner :—
By turning a suitable hand-wheel, escape gear is set in motion and the two pawls
disengaged. A hand lever is then turned and a toothed-wheel engaging with a
rack placed on the lower side of the carriage, is put in motion and the latter
drawn back.
The clamping apparatus situated between the sides of the carriage, and in which
the card press is placed during the cutting operation, consists of a plate hinged
at its upper end and so arranged as to leave sufficient room for the hooks of
the press.
On the lower end of this plate are provided two upright arms between
the free ends of which is secured a bolt having hinged to it one end of the frame.
To the free end of this frame are connected two bolts one on each side, which pass
through two holes in the hinged plate and are connected at their opposite end to a
rod in which are the nuts for the hand screw which acts against the hinged plate.
By means of this hand screw the distance between the hinged plate and the frame
can be regulated.
Behind the hinged plate there is hinged a second frame which is, at its under
part, provided with two knobs resting against the plate. This frame has at its top
a boss through which screws a screw which likewise acts against the hinged plate,
so that by turning said screw said plate and the frame can be raised
lowered.
or
The card press used in cutting rests upon the projecting edge of the hinged plate
of the clamping device, and it is firmly screwed between the hinged frame and plate
thereof by the hand screw. Careful examination should be made when this is done
to ascertain whether the cutting surface lies exactly horizontal, and this is done by
moving the frame which moves between a pair of brackets fitted above the slide
bar. Over these brackets, if necessary, the frame, together with the press, may be
raised or lowered somewhat by turning the hand screw and then the cutting may
proceed.
The card press in which the cardboards are put during the cutting, consists of a
bottom, two side pieces cut slanting towards the front, and a plate put on the top
between these which can turn upon a pin, and is fastened by two suitable
screws. By turning the nuts on these screws, for which there are cavities in the
bottom, the plate is turned downwards so that the cardboards placed between
this plate and the bottom are pressed firmly together. There are at the bottom
two hooks by means of which the press fastens on to the projecting edge of the
hinged plate of the clamping device.
In order that the cutting may be carried out with precision, it is of importance
that the front edges of all the cardboards should lie evenly and level. In order
to attain this, an edging box is used consisting of a bottom upon which are
put guide pieces in a slanting position, and a side piece. Into this box is

page_text: placed the cardboard press, there being in the bottom and side piece of the
box the necessary places cut out for the projecting portions. The front edges
of the cardboards are pressed firmly against the slanting pieces and then screwed
down by the screws.
Dated this 15th day of March 1895.
CASTLE SMITH,
"Invention" Office, 54 Fleet Street, London, E.C.
Machine for Bevelling the Edges of Cardboard.
I, CASTLE SMITH, late of 4 Fleet Street, but now of Mitre Court, Fleet
Street, both in the City and County of London, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated
to me by Carl Mortensen, of 37 Longangsstraede, Copenhagen, in the Kingdom
of Denmark, Machine Manufacturer, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
Heretofore it has been usual to cut the edges of cardboard on the slant by hand,
the operator either scraping the edges of the cardboard with a scraping steel, or
grinding them off with an emery wheel.
As this operation is not only difficult, inexact and tedious, but also unhealthy
and consequently costly, it will be of considerable advantage if it can be effected by
the aid of machinery.
The present invention embraces a machine for this purpose, this being so
constructed that the cardboards, fixed in a press, are brought successively against
a knife reciprocating at right angles to the direction in which the press travels,
and which during its forward movement cuts the edges of the cardboards on the
slant and returns out of contact therewith.
And in order that my invention may be more readily understood and carried
into practice I will now proceed to describe the same with reference to the
accompanying drawings of which Fig. 1 is a plan; Fig. 2 a side sectional elevation,
and Fig. 3 an end sectional elevation of a complete machine constructed according
to my invention; Fig. 4 a vertical section of the knife-holder; Figs. 5 and 6 a
perspective view and side elevation respectively of the knocking-on, end box;
Figs. 7 and 8 perspective view and side elevation respectively of the card press, and
Fig. 9 a front elevation, of the knife holder, slightly modified.
The machine consists of two guides n mounted upon a base, on which slides a
carriage having a clamping apparatus fitted on it for the purpose of steadying
the press.
Extending across these guides at one end is a slide in which reciprocates the
knife-holder, said knife-holder being connected eccentrically to the disc a by a rod c
so that it is reciprocated when the disc is revolved.
The knife-holder b (Figs. 1, 3 and 4) consists of a block 62 moving in the
slide ¹, extending across the carriage guides, to which is secured the knife-holder
proper in such a manner that it may be raised or lowered relatively to the said
block 6 by means of a regulating screw j.
The knife d is fixed in a recess in the revolving disc e provided with an
additional piece i at its upper end for connecting it to a spring d' which retains
it in position (see also Fig. 9). The disc e' is fitted over a second disc e which is
pivotted by the aid of two lugs near its bottom end to the knife-holder, so that it
may be forced more or less from the front surface of the latter, by means of
screws in such a manner that the knife will be placed in a more or less slauting
position.
:
As above mentioned the knife-holder 6 reciprocates in the slide 6'. At the end

page_text: of the forward movement the foremost end of the movable plate k which is
mounted on the knife-holder strikes against a projection / fixed on the machine-
frame, so that said plate is driven back. This movement turns a small lever or
pin , one end of which extends into a recess in the plate k, so causing its opposite
end to act upon the projection i on the disc e¹ and revolve the latter, thereby raising
the knife edge which consequently, during the return stroke, is held free of the
cardboards.
By this means the jambing of the cuttings between the knife and the cardboards
is prevented.
As the knife-holder completes its backward movement the hindermost edge of
the plate strikes against another projection on the machine so moving the
plate k forward again, causing the lever h to cease pressing upon the projection i,
and the spring d', and to bring the disc el and the knife d'into position for cutting,
In a modified form, shown in Fig. 9, the lever h has only one arm; it is pivoted
in 2 and is provided with a hook. ', engaging with an eye in the projection i.
When the plate is moved back the lever his shifted and causes the hook h¹ to
give a partial revolution to the disc e', so lifting the knife from the cardboard.
In all other respects the knife-holder shown in Fig. 9 is the same as before
described.
The carriage m, sliding upon the guides n, is worked in the following
manner :-
The machine is operated by means of belt and pulleys, or by a hand-wheel
fixed at the end of the axis o. A wheel p, on which are a number of projections,
is fixed on the axis o, and gives to the lever q an oscillating movement, so that the
pawl on the lever, acting upon a toothed-wheels, turns this wheel round with
its axis on which latter another toothed-wheel s engaging with a toothed bar on
the upper edge of the carriage, is placed. By this means the carriage is moved
forwards.
In order to prevent the carriage from suddenly backing, from some cause or
other, another pawl is provided, which engages with the wheels in such a manner
as to stop any retrograde movement.
If it is required to bring the carriage back again after its forward movement,
this in done in the following manner :-
A handle t is provided on one end of axis c which revolves in hearings in the
machine-frame; on the other end of this axis is fixed a three-armed link u whose
third arm is loosely fitted on the axis of the toothed wheel s. The pawls and r¹
are provided with projecting pins, which engage with the third arm of the said
link in such a manner that when the arm is turned by moving the handle t the two
pawls are disengaged from the wheel s¹. so that this wheel can be turned back.
When the pawls are disengaged in the described manner, the carriage is moved
back by means of the hand wheel t¹ fixed on one end of an axis 2, which also is
provided with a toothed gear u¹, (Fig. 3) which engages with a rack placed on the
fower side of the carriage.
The clamping apparatus situated between the sides of the carriage (see Figs. 1
and 2) and in which the card press (Figs. 7 and 8) is placed during the cutting
operation, consists of a plate v hinged at its upper end and so arranged as to leave
sufficient room for the hooks of the press. On the lower end of this plate are
provided two upright arms &, between the free ends of which is secured a bolt v
having hinged to it one end of the frame w. To the free end of this frame are
connected two bolts w¹, one on each side, which pass through two holes in the
plate v, and are connected at their opposite end to a rod w², on which are nuts and
a hand wheel which acts against the plate r. By means of this hand wheel a
and the nuts on the screw w³ the distance between the plate v and the frame w can
be regulated.
The second frame z is situated behind the plate and turns on a pin z¹ (see
Fig. 2) which is, at its under part, provided with two knobs 2 resting against the
plate v. This frame has at its top a boss through which screws the screw y
which

page_text: likewise acts against the plate y so that by turning said screw y said plate and
the frame w can be raised or lowered.
The card press (Figs. 7 and 8) used in cutting rests upon the projecting edge of
the plate and it is firmly screwed between the frame w and the plate by the
hand wheel x. Careful examination should be made when this is done to ascertain
whether the cutting surface lies exactly horizontal, and this is done by moving the
frame m which moves. between a pair of guides m² fitted on the top of the
carriage m. If necessary, the frame, together with the press, may be raised or
lowered somewhat by turning the screw y and then cutting may proceed.
The card press (shown in Fig. 7 in side elevation, and in Fig. 8 in plan), in
which the cardboards are put during the cutting, consists of a bottom I two side
pieces 2 cut slanting towards the front and a plate 3 (put on the top between these).
which plate can turn upon a pin 4 and is fastened by two suitable screws 5. BY
turning the nuts on these screws, for which there are cavities in the bottom, the
plate 3 is turned downwards so that the cardboards placed between this plate
and the bottom are pressed firmly together. There are at the bottom two
hooks 6 by means of which the press fastens on to the projecting edge of the
plate v.
In order that the cutting may be carried out with precision, it is of importance
that the front edges of all the cardboards should lie evenly and level. In order to
attain this, an edging box is used (shown in Fig. 5 in side elevation and in Fig. 6.
in plan) consisting of a bottom 7 upon which are put guide pieces 8 in a slanting
position, and a side piece 9. Into this box is placed the cardboard press, as shown
in the drawings. there being in the bottom and side piece of the box the necessary
places cut out for the projecting portions. The front edges of the card boards.
are pressed firmly against the slauting pieces and then screwed down by the
screws 5.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what
I claim is :-
(1.) A machine for bevelling the edges of cardboards in which the cardboards,.
previously placed in a bevelling box which is secured on a card press held in
position on a slide by the aid of a tension device, are brought successively against
a knife reciprocating at right angles to the direction in which the slide travels
said knife being so operated that it cuts the edges of the cards only during the
forward travel of the knife holder, its edges being lifted out of contact with said
cards during the backward stroke all substantially as described.
(2.) In a machine as mentioned in Claim 1 a vertically adjusted knife holder in
which the knife is held by a revolvable disc e' attached to a disc e which may be
adjusted relatively to the front surface of the knife holder so that the position of
the knife may be varied and in which the knife is moved out of cutting position
during the backward stroke of the knife holder by the sliding plate K which
alters the position of the disc e through the medium of the lever h, whilst at.
the end of the backward stroke the knife is again moved into the cutting position
by said lever substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
(3.) In a machine as mentioned in Claim 1 a card press having bevelled sides.
between which the cards are placed in order to be pressed firmly together against
the bottom of the press by the aid of a movable plate.
(4.) In a machine as mentioned in Claim 1 an edging-box with inclined
projections by the aid of which the cards are secured in the proper position before
the press is operated.
(5.) In a machine as mentioned in Claim 1 the apparatus arranged on a movable
slide and consisting of the plate arms v pin v² frame w pins w¹, w² hand
wheel frame turning on the pivot knobs and the screw y by the aid
of which apparatus the card press is securely held in position and which renders.

page_text: it possible to employ presses of various sizes, the edges of the cards being always
held in the proper position substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated this 16th day of December 1895.
CASTLE SMITH,
Invention" Office, Mitre Court, Fleet Street, London, E.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.