AN IM- PROVED METHOD OF AND MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING PUDDLERS' RABBLES AND PADDLES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Hunting, of Jarrow, in the County of
Durham, Manager of Rolling Mills, for the Invention of "AN IM-
PROVED METHOD OF AND MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING PUDDLERS' RABBLES
AND PADDLES."
Scaled the 6th October 1875, and dated the 10th April 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Hunting at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th April 1875.
I, HENRY HUNTING, of Jarrow, in the County of Durham, Manager
of Rolling Mills, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING PUDDLERS'
RABBLES AND PADDLES," to be as follows :-
> The object of this Invention is to economize time and material in the
manufacture of puddlers' rabbles and paddles.
Hitherto these tools have been and are still made by shearing to the
required form pieces of sheet iron and welding thereto a piece of bar
iron to form the shank; the blade is afterwards bent to the required
shape. In pursuing this course a great waste of material is occasioned,

page_text: first, by the scraps that are cut from the blade, and secondly, by the
operation of welding.
To obviate this I make puddlers' rabbles by passing the bloom of iron
through rollers (cut to a suitable form), this operation propares the
iron for the finishing rollers, and forms in what will be the shank of the 5
tool, one or more grooves for the purpose of affording space for the
superabundant metal in the blade being rolled therein by the next
process On the blade of the tool entering the second pair of rollers tho
metal is driven from the shoulder into the grooves in the shank. At
the proper time a saw is passed to and fro, dividing the shank from the 1
blade of the following tool. The blade is bent at right angle to the
shank and the implement is finished.
Puddlers' paddles will be made in a similar manner, the rollers being
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Hunting in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 9th October 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
HUNTING, of Jarrow, in the County of Durham, Manager of Rolling
Mills, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Ierself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Henry Hunting, Her special licence that
T, the said Henry Hunting, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as 1, the said Henry Hunting, my executors, admını-
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND
MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING PUDDLERS' RABBLES AND PADDLES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Hunting,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under

page_text: my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
3 immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
1
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Hunting, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement in writing, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thercon (that
is to say) :-
The object of my Invention is to economize time and labour in the
manufacture of puddlers' rabbles and paddles.
Hitherto these tools have been and are still made by shearing to the
required form pieces of bar iron and welding thereto another picce of
bar iron to form the shank, and the whole bent to the required form.
These various operations have been done by manual labour, occasioning
a great waste of material, first, by the scraps that are cut from the
blade to bring it to the required form, and secondly, by the process
of welding, the iron being often burnt and injured by the negligenco
of the workmen.
To obviate thesc defects and to provide a set of tools constantly
required by puddlers at a lesser cost than heretofore, I prepare a set
or sets of rolls through which I pass the pile of iron, as in the ordinary
way of making commercial bar iron; but these rolls are of specific
forms (to be herein-after described), and cause the pile to approach
nearer the shape of the desired tool during cach stage of its progress,
until at length it leave the mill a rabble or paddle, according to which
set of grooves the pile of iron has been made to follow.
On referring to the accompanying Drawing Figure 1 shews a set of
roughing rolls, the housings being omitted, which are however similar
to those shewn in the next Figures 2 and 3; these rolls are used for
roughing out the pile of iron into the rabble or paddle tool to be
afterwards finished to the perfect tool by the finishing rolls R", R",
Figure 2, which is an elevation, and Figure 3 an end view of the same;
Figure 4 is a cross section on line A, B, and Figure 5 a cross section
on line C, D, in Figure 2.

page_text: I will now proceed to describe the manner in which I would mako
a puddler's rabble. The rolls R' and R", see Figure 1, are set to rotate
in the direction shewn by the arrows, and the pile of iron placed in the
groove a through which it is drawn. It is then returned through the
groove 6 which gives to a certain length of the pile a specific form, i
occasioned by the shape of the roll at b* forming the blade of the tool.
The iron still passing onwards through the rolls takes the shape of
another rough rabble, but as the shapes are formed they are cut apart
from the following one by a saw, and taken to the finishing rolls
R and R, Figure 2, where they are placed in the groove c and drawn
through issue therefrom of the required size and shape, sec 7¹, Figures
3 and 4, but the blade has to be bent at right angles to the shank
The tool is therefore turned end for end, and the blade pushed into the
guide, Figures 2 and 3, when the pin p revolving round the axis
of the roll R strikes and presses the blade s into the required:
form.
Reverting to the grooves a and b it will be seen that they are of a
peculiar form, for instead of rolling the pile as in the ordinary way for
making bar iron, and for which the groove a* is adapted, I turn the
rolls in such a manner as to leave a mass of metal in a ridge along 1
the under side of the billet. This superabundance of metal is for the
purpose of forming the blade, and is accordingly driven forward by
the next process into the recess *, thus roughing out the shape of the
tool. In passing through this stage of the manufacture it will be
observed that there are two furrows or channels formed on both sides
of the shaft r, Figure 3, produced by the 11dges b¹, b', Figure'l. These
furrows make room for the superfluous metal from the shoulders of the
blade to enter when passing through the finishing groove c, c, sec
Figures 2 and 4. The rolls R and R are of a diameter suitable to
the length of the tool, which after being bent in the manner before
described requires no further preparation, except attaching the handle,
and is left of the form shewn in Figure 6.
A similar mode of procedure is followed in the manufacture of
puddlers' paddles, and the same mill may be used for both tools, the
rolls being cut or turned with the required number of grooves, and of
the form shewn in the Drawing
The pile of iron out of which it is intended to manufacture the
paddles is placed in the groove d, Figure 1, returned by the groovce,

page_text: and after passing through the third groove f the continuous billet is
taken to the finishing rolls, see Figure 2, where it is drawn through the
groove g, when meeting with the spreader knife k, Figure 5, a portion
of the bar is flattened out and cut from the following paddle, the
diameter of the rolls being such that the paddle shall be the proper
length, and of the form as shown in Figure 7 It occasionally happens
however that the billet becomes too short to meet the knife, in that caso
provisions are made by which the billet after passing through the
groove g without being acted on by the knife k is placed between the
rolls at g*, Figure 2, the upper roll being turned at that part of a less
diameter in order to allow the billet to await the presence of the
spreader knife k, when it is formed into a short paddle without waste of
material
In Figures 8, 9, 10, and 11 I have shewn various cross sections and
end views of the rabble during its progress from the pile to the finished
tool. Figure 8 shows the shape taken after being drawn through the
first groove, leaving it with a ridge of metal m which is to form in the
next process the blade; Figure 9 shews the grooves 1, 1, in the shank
and the roughed out blades; Figure 10 is an end view of the blade
after it is flattened and shaped by passing through the finishing groove,
the shank being formed square, as shewn in Figure 11.
Having now fully described the object and nature of my said In-
vention, together with the manner of carrying the same into effect,
I would add in conclusion that I claim as my Invention, the method of
and machinery for manufacturing puddlers' rabbles and paddles, sub-
stantially as above described and illustrated on the accompanying
Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Hunting, have hereunto
ot
34
hand and seal this hohth day of October in the