IMPROVEMENTS IN BLOW PIPES AND MEANS OF GENERATING HEAT BY THE USE OF HYDROCARBON
Year: 1872

page_text: J.ETTERS PATENT to John Cook, of the City and State of New York,
United States of America, but at present of 15, Water Street,
Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, and Henry Lafone, also of
Liverpool aforesaid, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BLOW
PIPES AND MEANS OF GENERATING HEAT BY THE USE OF HYDROCARBON OR
Sealed the 3rd January 1873, and dated the 9th July 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Cook and Henry
Lafone at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 9th July 1872.
We, JOHN COOK, of the City and State of New York, United States
of America, but at present of 15, Water Street, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, and HENRY LAFONE, also of Liverpool aforesaid, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BLOW PIPES_
AND MEANS OF GENERATING HEAT BY THE USE OF HYDROCARBON OR
VOLATILE FLUID MATERIAL OR SUBSTANCE," to be as follows:-
OTHER
Our Invention relates, firstly, to improvements in blow pipes for use
in the industrial arts, and consists of two separate vessels of suitable size

page_text: annexed together, one of which is partially filled with hydrocarbon fluid
or other volatile fluid material or substance. A metallic pipe is inserted
into the vessel and made fast to it at a point above the level of the
hydrocarbon or other volatile fluid material or substance, and the said
pipe has a non-return valve near the opposite end thereof. The said
opposite end is inserted into a flexible rubber tube or pipe when the
apparatus is used for hand or light work, or the end may be connected
to suitable piping leading to a blast from a fan or otherwise. The said
vessel containing the hydrocarbon or other volatile fluid material or
substance has a screwed cover, and a bent pipe is passed through this
cover and made fast therein, and is bent down so that a current or blast
of air blown into the hydrocarbon vessel through the first mentioned
pipe will pass out through the pipe attached to the screwed cover and
strike a flame from the top of a second vessel annexed to the one just
described. The annexed vessel is filled in part with alcohol or other
suitable illuminating medium, and is provided with a screwed cover
burner tube, and when required, a wick. In some instances this blow
pipe may be fitted to a stand, so arranged that it can be held at any
desired degree of elevation.
The operation of this the first part of the Invention may be stated as
follows: When the respective vessels shall have been appropriately
filled with their several fluid materials or substance, as before mentioned,
and the flame shall have been lighted at the wick or burner of the
second vessel, a current or blast of air impelled by whatever means into
the hydrocarbon vessel will strike the body of the volatile fluid material
or substance therein, and issue out of it through the pipe in the screwed
cover charged or loaded with the elements of such hydrocarbon volatile
fluid material or substance, and strike the flame arising from the
annexed vessel and thereby produce a flame of great intensity, which
renders the instrument profitable for use in many of the industrial
arts, much exceeding in value and extent of power any blow pipe now
in use.
The second part of our Invention consists in applying the principle

page_text: To apply this Invention to large surfaces we make use of any suitable
number of jets or pipes acting as burners. Over these burners we apply
blasts or currents of air, impelled by whatever means, and charged or
loaded with hydrocarbon by passing through a vessel filled with hydro-
carbon or other volatile fluid material or substance, substantially as
described in the application of the blow pipe.
Thirdly. Our Invention consists in burning petroleum or other liquid
hydrocarbons and oils for generating steam in steam boilers and for
heating purposes generally, in a combustion chamber or so called closed
fire-place, whercinto blasts or currents of air charged or loaded with
hydrocarbon (by passing through a vessel or vessels partially filled with
hydrocarbon or other volatile fluid material or substance) are forced by
whatever means.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Cook and Henry Lafone in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 8th January 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
Cook, of the City and State of New York, United States of America,
but at present of 15, Water Strect, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, and HENRY LAFONE, also of Liverpool aforesaid, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said John Cook and Henry Lafone, Her
special licence that we, the said John Cook and Henry Lafone, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
John Cook and Henry Lafone, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BLOW PIPES AND MEANS OP
GENERATING HEAT BY THE USE OF HYDROCARBON OR OTHER VOLATILE FLUID.

page_text: MATERIAL OF SUBSTANCE," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said John Cook and Henry Lafone, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Cook and Henry Lafone,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
Our Invention relates, firstly, to improvements in blow pipes for use
in the industrial arts, and consists of two separate vessels of suitable size
annexed or otherwise, one of which is partially filled with hydrocarbon
fluid or other volatile fluid material or substance. A metallic pipe is
inserted into the vessel and made fast to it at a point above the level
of the hydrocarbon or other volatile fluid material or substance, and the
said pipe has a non-return valve at any point convenient. The end of
the pipe is inserted into a flexible rubber tube or pipe when the
apparatus is used for hand or light work, or the end of the pipe may be
connected to suitable piping leading to a blast from a fan or otherwise.
The said vessel containing the hydrocarbon or other volatile fluid
material or substance has a screwed cover, and a pipe is passed through
this cover and made fast therein, and is bent down, so that a current
or blast of air blown into the hydrocarbon vessel through the first
mentioned pipe will pass out through the pipe attached to the receiver
and strike a flame from the top of a second vessel annexed to the one
just described. The annexed vessel is filled in part with light oil or
volatile fluid or other suitable illuminating medium, and is provided
with a screwed cover, burner tube, and a wick. In some instances this
blow pipe may be fitted to a stand, so arranged that it can be held at
any desired degree of elevation.
.
The operation of this the first part of the Invention may be thus
stated: When the respective vessels shall have been appropriately filled
with their several fluid materials or substances, as before mentioned, and
the flame shall have been lighted at the wick or burner of the second
vessel, a current or blast of air impelled by whatever means into the

page_text: bydrocarbon vessel will strike the body of the volatile fluid material or
substance therein, and issue out of it through the pipe in the screwed
cover, charged or loaded with the vapours or gases of such hydrocarbon
volatile fluid material or substance, and strike the flame arising from
the annexed vessel, and thereby produce a flame of great length and
intensity, which renders the instrument profitable for use in many of the
industrial arts, much exceeding in value and extent of power any blow
pipe now in use.
The second part of our Invention consists in applying the principle
of generating heat as described in the before-mentioned blow pipe to
large surfaces, such as furnaces for the smelting of metals, reduction of
minerals, furnaces generally, and as a means for generating steam in
boilers, and various other similar purposes.
To apply this Invention to large surfaces we make use of any suitable
number of jets or pipes acting as burners or ordinary fires. Over these
burners or fires we apply blasts or currents of air impelled by whatever
means, and charged or loaded with hydrocarbon by passing through
a vessel filled with hydrocarbon or other volatile fluid material or
substance, substantially as described in the application of the blow.
pipe.
Thirdly. Our Invention consists in burning petroleum or other liquid
hydrocarbons and oils for generating steam in steam boilers, and for
heating purposes generally in a combustion chamber, or so called closed
fire-place, whereinto blasts or currents of air charged or loaded with
hydrocarbon (by passing through a vessel or vessels partially filled with
hydrocarbon or other volatile fluid material or substance) are forced or
drawn by exhaust by whatever means.
The beforegoing being the nature, object, and purposes of this our
Invention, we will now proceed to describe more in detail how the same
may be carried out into practical effect, and for that purpose we have
hereunto annexed a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, marked with
figures and letters of reference, corresponding with those in the following
explanation.
Figure 1 is an elevation of a blow pipe for use in the industrial arts;
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of a modification of same, showing
how our Invention may be applied to large surfaces, such as furnaces
generally; Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of modification of Figure 2.

page_text: Referring to the object represented at Figure 1, it is constructed in
two separate vessels, annexed together, one of which is marked A. and
is to be filled to the dotted line or other point-B with hydrocarbon fluid
or other volatile fluid material or substance. A metallic pipe C is
inserted into and made fast to the vessel A at a point above the level
of the hydrocarbon or other volatile fluid material or substance in it,
and the said pipe has a non-return valve D near the opposite end
thereof. The said end is inserted into a flexible rubber tube or pipe E
when the apparatus is used for hand or light work, or the valve D may
be connected to any suitable piping leading to a blast from a fan or
otherwise. The vessel A. has a screwed cover F, and a pipe G is passed
through this cover and is bent down so that a current or blast of air
blown into the hydrocarbon vessel A. through the pipe C, will pass out
through the pipe G attached to the screwed cover F, and strike a flame
from the top of the second vessel H annexed to the vessel A. by the
stay I. The vessel H is filled in part with alcohol or other suitable
illuminating medium or volatile substance or material, and is provided
with a screwed cover J, a burner K, and when required a wick.
In some instances the blow, pipe as described may be fitted to a stand,
shown in dotted lines L, M, so arranged that it can be held in any
desired degree of elevation, or can be used with any flame or fire without
the vessel H.
When the respective vessels A and H shall have been appropriately
filled with their several fluid materials or substances, as before
mentioned, and a flame shall have been lighted at the burner or wick K
of the vessel H, a current or blast of air impelled by whatever means
through the pipe C into the vessel A will strike the body of the volatile
fluid material or substance therein contained B, and intermixing there-
with issue out of it through the pipe G charged or loaded with the
elements of such hydrocarbon volatile fluid material or substance, and
strike a flame arising from the burner K or other flame or fire, thereby
producing a flame of great intensity and length, which is driven in the
direction of the arrow N, the instrument being rendered profitable for
use in many of the industrial arts.
Referring to the apparatus represented in Figure 2, O is a tank which
is partially filled with hydrocarbon volatile fluid material or substance,
shown by the dotted lines P or other suitable line; R is an inlet pipe

page_text: into the tank, or partially immersed as may be in the fluid p. The
pipe R is perforated, or has a rose, as shown at R', or may be only
connected with the upper or any part of the tank above level of fluid
substance or material; R' is a non-return valve which may be of any
suitable style or form; R³ is a pipe conveying hot or cold air from any
desired source, as shown by the arrow R*; S is an exhaust or suction
pipe which is connected to an exhausting fan T; U is a pipe leading
and conveying the blast from the exhaust T to the interior of any
furnace where it may be required; V, belt for driving fan T.
.
The operation of this apparatus may be thus stated:-The fan T
exhausts the air from the tank O, which air is admitted through the
pipe R and non-return valve R³ into the hydrocarbon volatile fluid
material or substance P, and becoming charged or loaded with the
elements of such hydrocarbon volatile fluid material or substance is
driven away through the pipe U, by which it may be conducted to the
interior of any furnace, as an auxilliary for generating heat, as its com-
bustion takes place in combination with coals, or gas, or hydrocarbon, or
other oils.
Referring to Figure 3, W is a blast fan or blower which drives a
current of air through the valve R³ and pipe R into or on the surface
of the volatile fluid material or substance P, such air becoming charged
or loaded with the elements of the hydrocarbon volatile fluid material
or substance, passes away through the valve X and pipe Y in the
direction of the arrow Z, to any desired place where it may be required
to apply it as an auxilliary of combustion.
Having now fully described the nature, object, and purposes of this
our Invention and how the same may be carried out, we would have
it understood that the shape and relations, and also the size and relative
dimensions used in our blowing apparatus may be varied to suit the
tastes of users, or the uses to which they may be applied without
departing from the principle of our Invention; but what we claim as our
Invention, and secured to us by Letters Patent as aforesaid is,―
Firstly. The blow pipe apparatus represented in Figure 1, consisting
of the annexed vessels A and H, having the pipe C, valve D, and
pipe G in combination, substantially in the manner and for the purposes
set forth and described in the beforegoing Specification.
.

page_text: Secondly. The blow pipe apparatus represented in Figure 1, consisting
of the vessel A, having the pipe C, valve D, and pipe G in combination,
applicable to any flame or fire, substantially in- the manner and for the
purposes set forth and described in the beforegoing Specification.
Thirdly. The apparatus shown and described at Figure 2, consisting
of the tank O, exhaust fan T, and attendant parts, substantially in the
manner and for the purposes as set forth and described in the before-
going Specification.
Fourthly. The apparatus shown at Figure 3, consisting of the tank O
blower W with attendant parts, substantially in the manner and for the
purposes as set forth and described in the beforegoing Specification.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Lafone on behalf of myself
and Co-inventor, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Sixth
day of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-three.
Witness,
FREDERICK JOHN CHEESBROUGH,
of 15, Water Street,
Liverpool.
HENRY
(L.s.) LAFONE.