IMPROVEMENTS IN SLIDING CHANDELIERS Or GASELIERS AND PENDENT LAMPS, APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Nadal of Southampton Row in the County of
Middlesex, for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN SLIDING CHANDELIERS Or
GASELIERS AND PENDENT LAMPS, APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER PURPOSES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Nadal at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th July 1883.
JEAN NADAL of Southampton Row in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS*
IN SLIDING CHANDELIERS OR GASELIERS AND PENDENT LAmps, applicablE ALSO
TO OTHER PURPOSES
"
The chief object of this invention is to dispense with the use of the weights
employed in sliding gas chandeliers or gaseliers to balance the weight of the lower
or bracket portion of the chandelier, but the invention is applicable also to pondent
lamps and other pendent articlos in which vertically sliding weights are ordinarily
used such as grocers scales and other articles.
In carrying out this invention as applied to a gaselier I secure by a ball and
socket joint to the service pipe one end of a pipe of any convenient length which I
will term the supporting pipe.
At the other end of this pipe I secure a stuffing box and into this pipe and
passing through the stuffing box I introduce a gas pipe the upper end of which is
formed with a collar to prevent it drawing out through the stuffing box. I also
provide the gas pipe at its upper end with packing so that with the packing and
the stuffing box the escape of gas from the supporting pipe will be practically
impossible. The gas pipe at its lower end is secured in any convenient manner to
the bracket portion of the gaselier.
Mounted upon, but firmly secured in any convenient manner to the gas pipe
above its junction with the bracket portion is a metal frame of any convenient
shape in which is mounted a pair of spring barrels. The springs of these barrels
are secured at one end to the axles and at the other to the barrel and ratchet
wheels and pawls are provided to allow for the regulation of the springs as may be
desired and also to prevent the turning of the axles under the influence of the
springs.

page_text: Outside each of these barrels and secured thereto by one end so as to be capable
of being wound up thereon is a steel ribbon, the opposite end of which is firmly
secured to the bottom of the supporting tube. The thickness of theso steel ribbons
should not be more than will, with the gas pipe, make up the diameter of the
supporting pipe
When it is desired to lower the gaselier it is only necessary to pull down the
bracket portion, and with it the spring barrel frame from which the steel ribbons
will be unwound. At the same time the barrels will be turned and their springs
will be wound up thus power will be stored up not only to assist in raising the
bracket portion when required, but also to keep the ribbons taut.
The weight of the bracket portion with the friction of the gas pipe in the
stuffing box will, in general, bo sufficient to balance the power of the springs so
that until.extra pressure is applied by hand, either to raise or lower the gaselier, it
will always remain in the position in which it is set; but I may if desired adapt
an arrangement of friction brake apparatus to the spring barrels or other part of
the chandelier which will check any tendency of the bracket portion to ascend
suddenly under the influence of the springs.
In adapting the invention to articles in which a sliding weight is used, such as
grocers' scales and such like, I substitute the scales for the bracket portion of the
gaselier.
In cases where the apartments are sufficiently high I also in like manner secure
the frame of a hanging lamp in place of the bracket portion above referred to, but
in cases where the rooms are low I prefer to form the lamp frame of tubes arranged
in the mannor above described with a spring barrel-and one-ribbon to each tube.
The spring barrels may be placed either at the bottom or top of the frame.
In order that the steel ribbons may not be exposed to view I place a tubular
envelope of ornamental character outside the supporting tubes.
It will be obvious that for chandeliers or gaseliers of great weight, the_number
of steel ribbons and their accompanying spring barrels may be increased, and that
when the apparatus is employed for purposes in which gas is not used, the gas
pipe may be dispensed with the tubular envelope in such case being sufficient to
guide the apparatus when raised or lowered

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Jean Nadal in the Patent Office on the 26th January 1884.
"
JEAN NADAL of Southampton Row in the County of Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS
IN SLIDING CHANDELIERS OR GASELIERS AND PENDENT LAMPS APPLICABLE ALSO
TO OTHER PURPOSES
"J
The chief object of this Invention is to dispense with the use of the weights and
chains employed in sliding gas chandeliers or gaseliers to balance the weight of the
lower or bracket portion of the gaselier but the Invention is applicable also to
pendent lamps and other pendent articles in which vertically sliding weights are
ordinarily used such as Grocer's scales and other articles.
In the accompanying Drawings I have shewn in Sheet I my Invention as applied
to a gaselier, Fig: 1 being a front elevation of the apparatus partly in section,
Fig: 2 a sectional elevation taken on the line y y of Fig 1 and Fig: 3 a cross
section on the line xx.
A is a pipe of any convenient length which I term the supporting pipe and
which I secure by a ball and socket joint in the usual manner to the service pipe
which projects through the ceiling. At the lower end of this pipe A I secure a
stuffing box B of any convenient form to receive the gas pipe C the upper end of
which is provided with a collar or nut a to prevent its drawing out through the
stuffing box. I may also if desired provide the gas pipe C at its upper end with a
packing so that with the packing and the stuffing box the oscape of gas from the
supporting pipe will be practically impossible.
To the lower end of the gas pipe C is secured in any convenient manner the
bracket portion D of the gaselier.
'
Mounted upon but firmly secured in any convenient manner to the gas pipe C
above its junction with the bracket portion D is a metal frame E of any con-
venient shape in which is mounted a pair of spring barrels F.-The springs of these
barrels are secured at one end to the axles and at the other to the barrel and ratchet
wheels band pawls c are provided to allow for regulating the tension of the springs
as may be desired and also to prevent the turning of the axles under the influence
of the springs.
'
Outside each of these barrels and secured thereto by one end so as to be capable
of being wound up thereon is a steel or other suitable metal ribbon or tape d the
opposite end of which may be firmly secured to the bottom of the supporting tube A.
For convenience of manufacture however I prefer to secure the ribbons or
tapes d to a cylindrical piece e which screws into a socket f with which the pipe A
is connected by the screw piece or union g or in any other convenient manner. The
screw piece guiny be employed to comprèss the packing in the stuffing to increase
the friction as desired
When it is desired to lower the gaselier it is only necessary to pull down the
bracket portion D and with it the spring barrel frame E from which the ribbons
will be unwound. At the same time the barrels will be turned and their springs
will be wound up thus power will be stored up not only to assist in raising the
bracket portion when required but also to keep the ribbons taut.
The weight of the bracket portion D, with the friction of the gas pipe C
in the stuffing box B will in general be sufficient to balance the power of the
springs so that until extra pressure is applied by hand either to raise or lower the
gaselier it will always remain in the position in which it is set but I may if desired
adapt an arrangement of friction brake apparatus to the spring barrels or other part

page_text: of the chandelier which will check any tendency of the bracket portion to ascend
suddenly under the influence of the springs
In order that the ribbons or tapes may not be exposed to view when the gaselier
is drawn down I place a tubular envelope of ornamental character outside the
supporting tube.
In order to prevent the twisting of the tapes when the gaselier is lowered and it
is desired to turn it round I make the gas pipe of oval form in cross section see
Fig: 3 or of any other suitable form which will prevent the gas pipe turning in the
stuffing box, the turning taking place only at the ball and socket joint in the usual
manner. It will of course be evident that the spring barrels may be placed at the
top of the tubes instead of at the bottom as shown, without in any way changing
the arrangement of the apparatus, except that it will be inverted, the gas pipe being
secured to the ball and socket and the bracket portion to the end of the pipe A
In adapting the Invention to pendent lamps I substitute the frame of the
hanging lamp for the bracket portion of the gaselier in cases where the apartments
are sufficiently high, but where the rooms are low I may form the lamp frame of
tubes arranged in the manner above described with a spring barrel and one ribbon
to each tube or I may employ the arrangement shown in sectional elevation at
Fig: 4 in Sheet II of the drawings.
In this arrangement the gas pipe C is dispensed with as being no longer
necessary, and the supporting tube A acts merely as a guide tube for the ribbons
or tapes the free ends of which are secured to a block or pin i from which the lamp
frame is suspended
Or instead of suspending the lamp frame from the block i the chains or rods
forming the frame may be attached to the rose or other ornament ; at the
top of the envelope h the lower end of which will rest on the block i before
mentioned :-
As there is no friction of the gas pipe in the stuffing box in the case of a pendent
lamp I prefer to apply a brake to the spring barrels in order to give the necessary
friction to retain the lamp in any desired position
The form of brake which I prefer to employ is that shewn at Figures 5 Sheet II
of the accompanying Drawings.-On each of the spring barrels F I secure a disc l
having on its face a helical groove.-The disc is held in position by a strap / or one
side of the frame E in which is formed a slot to receive two pins or projections
which project outwards from a slide m.-On the innerside of this slide m is:
another pin or projection n which works in the groove on the disc.-The two pins
sliding in the slot serve to keep the slide in its proper position. When the
apparatus is in its normal position the projection n will be near the centre of the
disc and the friction will be very slight but as the tapes are unwound and the
barrels are rotated the slide will be worked outwards and the leverage, and con-
sequently the friction, will become greater. I may if desired place a small flat
spring between the slide and the retaining strap to ensure the pressure of the pin
or projection n in the groove.-This brake may if desired be equally applied to the
gaselier.
In adapting the Invention to articles in which a vertically sliding weight is used
such as Grocers' scales and such like articles I substitute the scales for the bracket
portion of the gaselier or for the lamp frame
It will be obvious that for chandeliers or gaseliers of great weight the number
of ribbons or tapes with their accompanying spring barrels may be increased.
When the spring barrels are at the bottom of the tubes they may be enclosed in
an ornamental vaso of metal, glass, porcelain or other suitable material, but when
they are placed close to the ceiling they may be concealed by a suitably shaped
rose of any suitable material,
It will be obvious that there are many minor details which are capable of
modification and I do not therefore wish to confine myself to the precise details
shown neither do I intend to confine myself to the use of the brake above
described as any other suitable brake may be employed.

page_text: Having now described the nature of my said Invention for "Improvements in
sliding Chandeliers or Gaseliers and pendent Lamps.applicable also to other
purposes" and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would here
remark that I am aware metal ribbons, tapes or bands in combination with spring
barrels or drums have already been used in substitution for the ordinary weights
and chains in gaseliers and I do not intend to claim the use of bands and spring
barrels per se for that purpose but what I do claim as being secured to mo by the
Letters Patent aforesaid is:
First: The adaptation, to gaseliers, pendent lamps, extensible supports, and the
like, of metal ribbons tapes or bands in combination with spring barrels or drums,
substantially in tho mannor herein shewn and described.
Second: The adaptation to the spring barrels or drums, of a brake apparatus
constructed and operating substantially as described and shown with reference to
Figures 5 Sheet II of the Drawings :-
In witness whereof I the said Jean Nadal have hereunto set my hand and
seal the twenty sixth day of January in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty four.
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