Improvements in and connected with Water Closets.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 22nd June, 1894-Accepted, 22nd Sept., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Water Closets.
JOHN DEAN Plumber 31 Market Place Middleton Lancashire. I do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with water closets, and
its object is to make them more simple in construction and effective in action than
they have hitherto been.
To this end I use in connection with the water main and closet basin a charging
vessel, divided into two, three, or more compartments by one or more flexible
diaphragms.
When divided into three compartments the middle one is filled with compressed
air, and the two outer ones are alternately filled with water, and emptied by
means of the diaphragms, which are adapted to be acted upon alternately on
each side by the water pressure from the main and the expansive force, or tension,
of the compressed air, so as to expel the water, previously admitted into the
opposite compartment, out of it, and into the closet basin, through suitable pipes
and an intermittently rotated tap or valve, or an intermittently reciprocated slide
valve, operated by seat action or by hand.
The said charging vessel may be formed in one part with the closet basin, or
formed independently thereof.
In order to mix the flush of water with a suitable quantity of liquid disinfectant,
I may form below the first and second orifice of a three way channel, a cavity,
which gets charged with disinfectant, and on the tap or valve being partially
turned, mixes it with the water entering the tap from the water main.
Another arrangement for mixing liquid disinfectant with the flush of water
consists in fixing on the charging vessel a casing having a diaphragm raised by
the pressure of water in the charging vessel each time the closet is used, and
adapted to lift a small valve under the influence of a spring, to admit disinfectant
into a channel in the said casing, which communicates with the pipe leading to the
closet basin.
In communication with the slide valve cavity are arranged through the body
thereof two channels, one behind the other, adapted to come alternately into
communication with a port in the valve casing which is connected with a pipe
leading to a vessel containing liquid disinfectant, so as to mix a small quantity
thereof with the flush of water, each time the closet is used.
Instead of placing single diaphragms inside the charging vessel, I may use a
flexible bag, filled and replenished with air as hereafter described.
Dated this 19th day of Sentember 1893

page_text: Improvements in and connected with Water Closets.
JOHN DEAN Plumber 31 Market Place Middleton Lancashire do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with water closets, and
its object is to make them more simple in construction and effective in action than
they have hitherto been.
To this end I use in connection with the water main and closet basin, a charging
vessel, divided into two, three, or more compartments by one or more flexible
diaphragms.
Instead of placing single diaphragms inside the charging vessels I may use a
flexible bag, filled with compressed air as hereafter described.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood I have caused to
be appended hereunto drawings marked with letters of reference indicating like
parts in the various figures.
Figure 1 is a sectional plan.
Figure 2 is a front elevation and section of the valves.
Figure 3 is a side section.
a and a¹ are two galvanized iron vessels which are each divided into two parts
by the perforated plates and b, and the compartments and e' are each sub-
divided into two parts, c², e³, e, and c³ by flexible diaphragms and d. The
compartments a² and a³ are charged with compressed air to a pressure of 5 lbs. or
upwards to the inch, and when the closet is not in use the air occupies the whole of
the space in both vessels.
The compartments c² and c are the receptacles for water.
e is the water supply from the town's main fis the closet seat, which when
pressed down, forces the valve g on to its seating, as shown on Fig. 2, thereby
closing the communication between the water compartments and and the closet
basin h, but at the same time it forces the float valve i off from its facing, thus
opening the communication between the water main and the water compartments c²
and c, and allowing the water to run from the supply e, through j into the com-
partments c² and e, in filling which it forces back the diaphragms d and d¹ against
the perforated plates band b, driving all the air through the holes into the
compartments a² and a³. In this manner the air is still further compressed to the
tension required for an effective flush, while the reserve pressure of five pounds,
more or less, to the iuch, ensures a fast flow of water at the end of the flush. The
perforated plates and prevent the water pressure from raising the air pressure
beyond any point that may be determined upon, the diaphragms prevent any water
from getting to the air compartments, and the quantity of water used is measured
and limited by the capacity of the compartments c² and c.
When the seat is lifted, the town's pressure forces the float valve i up to its
facing, thereby stopping the supply from the main, and by the same movement it
lifts the valve g off its seat, and the expansion of the air in a² and a³ forces the
water in c² and through the passage j and into the basin h.
The two valves g and i perform another important duty. With the present ball
cock cisterns, whenever the water is turned off at the main, the ball cock opens,
and is liable to draw air from the w.c. into the water pipes. These two valves
effectually prevent this. They are only kept in contact with the spindles that
work them by the pressure of water below them, so that whenever that pressure
may be withdrawn by the water being turned off, they will both drop by their

page_text: own weight on to their seatings, and thus form a double disconnection, as back
pressure valves, between the w.c. and the water main, making it impossible for
any foul air to be drawn into the town's pipes.
When lis
I is a hollow plug, and m is a vessel charged with liquid disinfectant.
pressed down by the seat, as shown on Fig. 2, the port in the plug is open to the
supply from the vessel m, and closed to the discharge port, and the cavity n is
charged with the liquid.
When the seat rises, the supply port is closed and the discharge port is opened,
but the force of the water running through and k to the basin prevents much of
the liquid disinfectant from escaping until the end of the flush, when it runs out,
and, mixing with the water going into the basin, forms an after flush of liquid
disinfectant, which remains in the basin, and at once deodourizes any matter that
may pass from a sick person, when the closet is next used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
--
In water closets―
1. A vessel charged with compressed air, with a bag, or flexible diaphragm
attached, to regulate the force of the flush.
2. The division of the air compartments by perforated plates, which limit the
compression of the air, and measure the quantity of water used in the flushing of
the basin.
3. The disconnection of the closet apparatus from the town's pipes, when the
water is turned off at the main.
4. The mechanical and automatic application of liquid disinfectant, as shown
and described.
5. The general application and combination of the various parts, and operating
substantially as, and for, the purposes specified.
Dated this 21st day of June 1894.
TOTT
DAN
JOHN DEAN.