An Improved Method of Ventilating Drains and Sewers.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Nov., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 10th June, 1895-Accepted, 13th July, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of Ventilating Drains and Sewers.
I, JAMES BARBER, of Channel View, Hope Road, Shanklin, Isle of Wight,
Carpenter and Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to an improved method of ventilating drains and sewers
whereby foul and deleterious gases may be prevented from accumulating therein
and any chance of their escaping through the branch drains can be effectually'
obviated.
According to my invention I provide all along and parallel with the main drain
a conduit or pipe into which the foul gases within the main drain can be caused to
enter through transverse openings or connections, by the action of a current of air'
which is induced to flow through the conduit by means of a ventilating shaft
situated at some convenient and elevated place and with which the said conduit
communicates. This ventilating shaft may be furnished near its top with a gas
burner of suitable shape and size for aiding in inducing the current of air to flow
along the conduit thereby more effectually assisting in withdrawing the foul gases.
The exit from this shaft may be through apertures formed in the side walls near
the top of the shaft.
The conduit may consist of ordinary drain pipes of the requisite diameter
connected together in the usual manner and they would preferably be arranged
above and at some distance from the main drain so as to ensure that the open end
of the conduit, that is to say the end through which the current of air enters, shall
always be uncovered and free to admit the air.
In some cases as for instance when the main drain or sewer is composed of a
brick culvert the conduit can be made in the brick-work at the top portion thereof,
transverse openings being made at intervals in the lower portion of said conduit
through which the foul gases can enter from the culvert.
The transverse openings or connections are preferably arranged at an inclination
so that they slope in the direction of the flow of the air current in the conduit. In
this way I am enabled to give further inducement to the foul gases to enter the
conduit.
By my invention as the current of fresh air flows along the conduit towards the
ventilating shaft, any foul gases that may exist in the main drain will be drawn
out through the transverse connections and be mixed with the fresh air in the
conduit, along which they will flow and finally reach the ventilating shaft whence
they will escape into the atmosphere in a harmless condition.
Dated this 13th day of November 1894.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: An Improved Method of Ventilating Drains and Sewers.
I, JAMES BARBER, of Channel View, Hope Road, Shanklin, Isle of Wight,
Carpenter and Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved method of ventilating drains and sewers
whereby foul and deleterious gases may be prevented from accumulating therein
and the liability of their escaping through the branch drains be effectually
obviated.
According to my invention I provide all along and above the main drain a
conduit or pipe into which the foul gases within the main drain can be caused to
enter through transverse openings or connections by the action of a current of air
which is induced to flow through the said conduit or pipe and to enter a ventilating
shaft. This ventilating shaft is provided with means such as a gas burner for
heating the column of air within the shaft, a strong up current being thus produced
that will cause the air to flow along the said conduit towards the ventilating shaft.
In order that my said invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will proceed to describe the drawing hereunto annexed which illustrates
a longitudinal section of a portion of a main sewer with my method of ventilation
applied thereto.
A is the main sewer and B is the conduit or pipe through which the air and foul
gases pass to the ventilating shaft C.
The conduit B may consist of ordinary earthenware or iron drain pipes connected
together in the usual manner and extending all along and at a short distance above
the sewer A. This conduit or pipe is connected at intervals with the sewer by
means of inclined branch openings B¹ through which the foul gases from the sewer
enter the said conduit. The end of this conduit, through which the current of air
enters, is arranged at a sufficient distance above the exit of the main drain or sewer
to ensure that said end shall always remain uncovered and be free to admit air.
The opposite end of the said conduit terminates in a pipe B* which extends
vertically within the ventilating shaft C for about two-thirds of the height of the
latter. This shaft is provided with air inlet apertures c and with a fire basket c¹
for containing asbestos or other suitable material which is heated by means of an
annular gas burner c. c c are other air inlet apertures near the top of the shaft
and care doors located just above the before mentioned fire-basket so that easy
access can be had thereto.
The heated air rising in the shaft C causes a current of fresh air to enter and
flow along the conduit B towards the ventilating shaft. As the current of fresh
air passes along, it induces the foul gases that may exist in the sewer to pass
through the branch openings B' and to flow along with it to the ventilating shaft.
Here the foul gases become further admixed with fresh air prior to this escape into
the atmosphere.
In some cases as for instance when the main drain or sewer is composed of
bricks, the conduit B can be arranged in the brickwork at the top portion thereof,
openings being made at intervals for the passage of the foul gases from the sewer to
the conduit.
By connecting the branch drains at their lower level to the main sewer and at
their upper level to the conduit or pipe B, a considerable number of the branch or
minor drains of a drainage system can be conveniently ventilated by a single
ventilating shaft and conduit B.

page_text: Instead of making the connections between the sewer A and the conduit B by
means of separate branch openings or junctions B¹ as shewn in the drawing, I may
employ drain pipes having ordinary curved junctions made in a piece therewith.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improved method of ventilating drains and sewers consisting in causing a
current of air to flow through a conduit or pipe arranged above and communicating
at intervals with the drain or sewer, whereby the foul gases are withdrawn from
the drain or sewer into the said conduit or pipe and are mixed with air prior to
their escape into the atmosphere substantially as described.
2. The improved method of ventilating drains and sewers substantially as
hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 10th day of June 1895
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.