IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FLUTING OF METAL ROLLERS AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE TOOLS TO BE USED FOR SUCH PURPOSE
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Auguste Arnold Buchholz of Vauxhall in the
County of Surrey Engineer for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
FLUTING OF METAL ROLLERS AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE TOOLS TO
BE USED FOR SUCH PURPOSE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Auguste Arnold
Buchholz at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th June
1882.
JOHN AUGUSTE ARNOLD BUCHHOLZ of Vauxhall in the County of Surrey
Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FLUTING OF METAL ROLLERS AND IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF THE TOOLS TO BE USED FOR SUCH PURPOSE."
The object of this invention is to facilitate the operation of cutting the flutes or
longitudinal grooves in metal rollers such operation being now tedious and costly
especially when working upon chilled cast iron. Moreover it is common to find in
this metal excessively hard spots which as the fluting tool encounters them
frequently cause the tool to fly or to swerve out of its course and a stoppage of the
work or the production of bad work is thus occasioned.
Hitherto the practice has been to use a tool which would act only upon one
groove at a time and great difficulty has been experienced in readjusting the tool
when replaced after sharpening. The operation of sharpening also has presented
difficulties in restoring the blunted tool to its original form.
In order to expedite the fluting of rollers such as those used in roller mills I
provide a cutting tool formed say of a square bar of steel with two three or inore
cutting points standing abreast of each other and capable of acting simultaneously
on a corresponding number of flutes or grooves.
To produce tools of this kind I first form a milling tool from a thick disc of
steel turning its periphery to correspond in cross section with an arc of the roller
intended to be fluted.
In the curved face of this disc I turn annular grooves corresponding in form and
gauge to the grooves to be cut in the fluted roller. I then make transverse cuts

page_text: across these grooves and harden the tool and I thus obtain cutting edges for the
formation of the fluting tool.
The milling tool I mount on a mandril and apply the steel bar thereto by means
of a holder actuated by a feeding screw. Or the fluting tool may be formed by a
traversing cutter adjusted by means of a dividing wheel for the successive grooves
or flutings.
In using this fluting tool I fix it in the ordinary tool holder of a planing
machine and traverse the roller beneath it the roller being mounted as usual
between standards on a travelling bed and having its axial motion controlled by
means of a dividing wheel.
When it is required to make deep flutings I form the milling tool with a
cylindrical face grooving it as before explained. This milling tool will produce a
fluting tool having its cutting points in a straight line instead of as before
conforming to the curve of the roller.
This tool I so apply to the roller to be fluted that on first commencing to work
all the points will not come in contact with the roller but by repeating the
traverse of the work under the tool and feeding forward the tool at every traverse
until the proper depth of cut has been obtained I bring all the points into work
and thus make each point in succession act upon the same grooves.
This will greatly facilitate the work and provide for any depth of cut that may
be desired; the tool moreover when it has become dull may be replaced by its
counterpart which can readily be provided in any quantity by means of the
milling tool.
An important advantage afforded by the use of fluting tools of this character is
that they are not likely to swerve when meeting some hard spot in the metal
because each point is kept steady by the sum of resistances of all the other
cutting points of the tool embedded in and therefore supported by the metal of the
roller.
For some purposes of flour milling it is required to provide the rollers with flat
topped ribs while in like manner the bottom of each groove has to be flat. It is
likewise desirable in this case to control the depth of fluting without having for
each particular gauge to provide a fresh circular cutter or milling tool. To
accomplish this object the grooves are cut to their full depth in the milling tool so
as to form both at the root and top perfectly sharp edges and these are reproduced
on the actual cutter or grooving tool. Upon the tool so formed a circular cutter
the periphery of which corresponds in cross section with an arc of the roller it is
desired to flute is used to shape up the cutting points of the grooving tool thoreby
determining the bottom or bed of the groove in the roller.
The depth of cut will fix the amount of surface left on the top of each rib or
ridge of the fluting.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Auguste Arnold Buchholz in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 14th December 1882,
JOHN AUGUSTE ARNOLD BUCHHOLZ of Vauxhall in the County of Surrey
Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FLUTING OF METAL ROLLERS AND IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF THE TOOLS TO BE USED FOR SUCH PURPOSE
33
The object of this Invention is to facilitate the operation of cutting the flutes or
longitudinal grooves in metal rollers, such as those used in roller mills for reducing
grain to flour.
Hitherto this operation has been tedious and costly especially when
working upon chilled cast iron. Moreover it is common to find in this metal
excessively hard spots which, as the fluting tool encounters them, frequently cause
the tool to fly or to swerve out of its course, and a stoppage of the work or the
production of bad work is thus occasioned.
The present practice is to use a tool which would act only upon one groove at a
time, but great difficulty has been experienced in readjusting the tool when
replaced after sharpening, and the operation of sharpening also has presented
difficulties in restoring the blunted tool to its original form.
In order to expedite the fluting of rollers such as those used in roller mills I
provide a fluting tool formed, say, of a square bar of steel, with cutting points
standing abreast of each other (forming a set or series) and capable of acting
simultaneously on a corresponding number of flutes or grooves.
To produce fluting or grooving tools of this kind I first form a milling tool from
a thick disc of steel, turning its periphery to correspond in cross section with an
are of the roller intended to be fluted.
I then make transverse cuts in the rounded periphery of the disc, and in a
suitable machine I shape up the disc to the form shewn in Sheet I of the
Drawings at Fig. 1, making it resemble somewhat a ratchet wheel.
In the ratchet shaped perimeter I form parallel grooves at right angles to the
cross cuts, and corresponding in form and gauge to the grooves to be cut in the
fluted roller. The milling tool or rotary cutter thus formed I then harden and
thus obtain cutting edges for the formation of the fluting tool.
Fig 1 shews in side view, and Fig: 2 in cross section this cutter by which the
fluting or grooving tool is to be formed. This tool is represented in plan view at
Fig 3 and in side view at Fig: 4.-It is shewn as provided with a set of cutting
points corresponding in number to those in the breadth of the milling tool, and the
curve in the face of the fluting tool corresponds with an are of the roller which it
is designed to flute by being traversed over the roller from end to end thereof
after the manner of a planing tool.
The fluting tool may however be formed by a circular cutter having only one
ring of cutting points, as shown at Figs 1* and this plan will in general be
preferred because the same milling tool will in this case serve for preparing fluting
or grooving tools suitable for use upon rollers of various diameters.
When this circular cutter is used the fluting tool will be traversed in a step by
step motion past the cutter, its inovement being controlled by a dividing wheel.
When it is required to make deep flutings I forin the milling tool with a flattened,
in contradistinction to a rounded, perimeter; grooving it as before explained. This
milling tool shewn in cross section at Fig: 5 will produce a fluting tool like that

page_text: shown in plan view at Fig: G, which represents its cutting points in a straight line
instead of, as before, conforming to the curve of the roller.
The manner of applying the rotary cutter or milling tool shewn at Figs: 1* to
produce the fluting or grooving tool, is illustrated in Sheet II of the drawings,
where Fig: 7 is a side elevation of a tool milling machine, and Fig: S a plan view
of the same, one half of the figure representing the machine as seen from above,
and the other half bringing the underneath parts to view.
In these Figures A is the milling tool mounted on a mandril which works on
centres carried by a frame B.-This frame slides upon vertical guide rods C C
made fast to the main frame D of the machine
On either side of the milling wheel the mandril is fitted with a chain wheel E,
which chain wheels are driven by means of endless chains F carried by chain
wheels and pulleys G, G, G.-The chain wheels G are keyed to a cross shaft H,
having its bearings at the top of the frame D and fitted with a winch handle for
rotating it-Keyed also to the cross shaft H is a pair of mitre wheels H' which
gear into mitre wheels H2 keyed to vertical screws H³ which pass through
threaded holes in cross bars of the frame B.
As, therefore, rotary motion is imparted to the shaft H to drive the milling tool
the screws will be caused to rotate and carry down the milling tool to and
through its work By reversing the direction of rotation of the shaft H the milling
tool will be raised to the position for repeating its cut
I is a slide mounted upon a pair of horizontal guide rods K. made fast to the
main framing D, and upon this slide, I, is mounted a frame I¹ which is free to turn
upon a centre pin 12-This frame carries a worm L which gears into rack teeth on
the slide I. This worm is keyed to a short shaft L' mounted in bearings carried
by the frame I and keyed to the outer end of this shaft is a dividing wheel L³
which is used to turn the worm after every cut made by the milling tool and
thereby adjust the position of the work.
The dividing wheel is locked in position by a snap bolt or its equivalent passing
through the wheel and entering a hole in the adjacent framing.
Fitted to the frame I' is a tool holder I in which a bar of steel I is fixed by
means of clamping screws ready to be brought under the action of the milling
tool. This tool holder is mounted at an angle from the horizontal sufficient to
ensure a lead being given to the cutting edges or points of the tool by means of the
descending rotary cutter and it is capable of adjustment on guide rods I³ which
carry it, by means of a traversing screw 16. This screw I is mounted in a bearing
on the frame 11, and enters a threaded hole in the end of the tool holder.-The
head of this screw carries a handwheel for turning it, and it is also provided with
a lock nut 1' for fixing it in any desired position.
Attached to the opposite ends of the slide I are chains M which are connected at
their opposite ends to barrels M¹ keyed on a transverse shaft M² and and carried in
bearings in the framing D.
The shaft M2 is fitted with a hand wheel M³ for turning it and the chains are so
arranged that as one is wound up the other is unwound, by which means a traverse
motion of the slide towards and from the milling tool may be obtained.
The inode of operating with this machine is as follows.
The tool holder is first moved into the position shewn in fig: 7, that is up to
the milling tool A, and having adjusted a pair of centre-callipers to the radius of
the roller for which the fluting tool is required, its pointed leg is placed in the
central depression made for this purpose on the centre pin 1, while the hand
wheel M is operated until the other leg exactly embraces the circular cutter.--The
handwheel is then made fast by means of a screw provided for the purpose.-By
means of the handwheel on the traversing screw I, the steel bar I properly
clamped in the tool holder is next brought up well within range of the cutter A
which was previously raised above it. With one hand grasping the dividing
wheel L3, the attendant now turns the handle on the cross shaft H until the cutter A

page_text: has traversed the whole thickness of the steel bar 1-By reversing the motion
the cutter is run back, and by a slight turn of the dividing wheel L³, the bar is
again brought within range of the cutter which is run down again to make a
second cut. These operations are repeated until the end of the bar has been shaped
smooth to correspond with the surface of the roller. This done the traversing
screw 1 is again turned so as to bring tho steel bar closer to the cutter A,
sufficiently so to effect the right depth of fluting. The whole of the preceding
operation is then repeated with this distinction at the end of each up travel of the
cutter carriage B after cutting a groove the divider is turned forward one division
and fixed by its snap bolt. When all the grooves have been cut which the bar
will hold the fluting tool thus formed is tempered and the front face is ground
smooth ready for use to flute rollers. The tool will then present the appearance of
Figs. 9 and 10.
The milling tool used as just described may be formed with a cutting edge as
shewn in the section at a figs. 1*, or as shewn in the section at b figs. 1-When
using a tool like that shewn at a teeth of a V form will be cut in the fluting
tool, but when a circular cutter corresponding to b is used ratched shaped teeth will
be formed in the fluting tool.
In using my improved fluting tool shewn at figs. 3 and 4 I fix it in the ordinary
tool holder of a planing machine and traverse the roller which is to be grooved or
fluted beneath it, the roller being mounted as usual between standards on n
travelling bed, and having its axial motion controlled by means of a dividing
wheel.
When applying the tool illustrated at fig: 6, to the roller to be fluted, I so
arrange it that on first commencing to work, all the points shall not come in contact
with the roller but by repeating the traverse of the work under the tool, and
feeding forward the tool at every traverse until the proper depth of cut has been
obtained I bring all the points into work, and thus make cach point in succession
act upon the same grooves.
This will greatly facilitate the work and provide for any depth of cut that may
be desired, the tool moreover when it has become dull may be replaced by a like
tool, which tools can readily be provided in any quantity by means of the milling
tool
An important advantage afforded by the use of fluting tools of this character is
that they are not likely to swerve when meeting some hard spot in the metal,
because cach point is kept steady by the sum of resistance of all the other cutting
points of the tool embedded in and therefore supported by the inetal of the
roller.
For some purposes of flour milling it is required to provide the roller with flat
topped ribs, while in like manner the bottom of each groove has to be flat.-It is
likewise desirable in this case to control the depth of fluting without having for
each particular gauge to provide a fresh circular cutter or milling tool. To
accomplish this object the grooves are cut to their full depth in the milling tool so
as to form both at the root and top perfectly sharp edges, and these are reproduced
on the actual fluting or grooving tool. Upon the tool so formed, a circular cutter,
the periphery of which corresponds in cross section with an arc of the roller it is
desired to flute, is used to shape up the cutting points of the grooving tool, thereby
determining the bottom or bed of the groove in the roller. The depth of cut
required will fix the amount of surface left on the top of each rib or ridge of the
▸ fluting.
Having now set forth the nature of my invention of " Improvements in the
fluting of metal rollers and in the manufacture of the tools to be used for such
purpose," and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be
understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim :-
:
First The fluting of metal rollers by the use of multiple pointed grooving tools
in the manner and for the purpose above set forth.

page_text: Secondly The manufacture of the multiple pointed grooving tools above
described by means of rotary cutters or milling tools constructed and operating as
set forth.
In witness whereof I the said John Auguste Arnold Buchholz have hereunto
set my hand and seal the eleventh day of December in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
J. A. ARNOLD BUCHHOLZ. (LS)