Improvements in Apparatus for Heating by Means of Petroleum Vapour.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1896-Accepted, 3rd Sept., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating by Means of Petroleum
Vapour.
I, JOHN SOLOMON VIVIAN BICKFORD, of Tredourva, Falmouth, Cornwall, Gentle-
man, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for heating by means
of petroleum vapour, and has reference more particularly to that class of apparatus
in which the petroleum is vaporised in its way to the burner. The object of the
invention being to provide a very simple form of apparatus which shall give a
flame of great power and high temperature.
One form of my improved apparatus comprises a vapouriser into which the
oil is conducted and from which the vapour passes to the burner. The heat of
the vapouriser is maintained by an auxiliary flame deriving its supply from the
pipe leading to the main burner. Above this auxiliary flame is a deflector which
serves to moderate its force or pressure and also to direct it on to the vapouriser.
In case of the flame being assisted. by a blast of air, as when the apparatus is
used as a blow-pipe, the main burner may be surrounded by a tube into which
the air jet is introduced.
The invention will be readily understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings in which Fig. 1 is a vertical central section of a burner constructed
according to my invention.
Fig. 2 is an elevation of the same with the vapouriser casing or jacket indicated
in dotted lines.
Fig. 3 is a detailed view in perspective of the deflector hereinafter referred to.
Fig. 4 is a corresponding view to Fig. 2 partly in section illustrating an arange-
ment which may be employed when the lamp is used as a blow-pipe.
Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
a is the vapouriser which consists conveniently of a copper cylinder arranged
in a vertical or slightly inclined position. It is closed at its upper and lower
ends by screw plugs a and a which construction permits of the said vapouriser
being very readily cleaned out when necessary. In the lower plug are secured
two tubes b, b, the tube b serving for the supply of oil to the lower part of tho
vapouriser and being provided with a suitable cock (not shown) for regulating
the 'supply.
The tube 6 extends to the upper part of the vapouriser and serves for the
outflow of the vapour. Its lower part is bent as shown and at its extremity is
situated the main burner c which may have the form of an ordinary gun nipple,
and have a bore or perforation of say 1/32nd of an inch in diameter d is an
auxiliary burner which consists of a minute perforation situated at or near the
lowest part of the bend of the pipe b. e is the jacket or casing which surrounds
the vapouriser. It is of truncated conical form as shown and is made of sheet
iron lined with a suitable non-conductor such as asbestos. f is a deflector which
may be provided for deflecting the auxiliary flame on to the vapouriser. It may

page_text: conveniently consist of a sheet iron hood whose lower part is of flattened elliptical
shape while its unmer edges are bent in such a way as to form a narrow quadrant
shaped opening or slot fi projecting into the jacket e and discharging a sheet of
flame around the vapouriser. 2 is a bracket or clip for holding the deflector in
position on the pipe
.
Other forms of deflector may be used such as a plain piece of sheet iron screwed
to the lower edge of the vapouriser and projecting over the auxiliary burner, but
that above described is one which I have found to give satisfactory results.
The vapour is generated at considerable pressure and owing to this the flame will
when directed through a tube of say four inches diameter into a small furnace con-
nected with a chimney about 15 feet high, give enough draught for complete
combustion without necessitating any auxiliary blast of air.
The arrangement shown in Fig. 4 which is applicable when a blow-pipe action
is desired differs from that above described in that the deflector is situated
entirely within the jacket e. The main burner c is surrounded by a tube of say
from to 1 inch diameter, and into this tube the air jet is introduced by means
of the pipe h indicated in dotted lines. The arrangement may be inverted if
desired to give a downwardly directed flame.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. An apparatus for heating by means of vapours of petroleum and like oils,
the vapouriser of which consists of a cylinder closed at each end by screw plugs
through one of which the oil inlet and vapour outlet pipes pass, substantially as
described.
2. My improved apparatus for heating by means of vapours of petroleum and
like oils, comprising the vapouriser, jacket or casing, deflector, and main and
auxiliary burners substantially as described and as shown in Figs. 1 to 3 of the
drawings.
3. The modified form of my improved heating apparatus whereby the same is
adapted to act as a blow pipe, and in which the main burner is surrounded by a
short length of tube into which leads an air pipe substantially as described with
reference to Fig. 4 of the drawings.
Dated this 31st August 1896.
GEO. H. RAYNER,
37, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for the Applicant.