IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS AND ATTACHMENTS FOR WEARING APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE FARRICS MILITARY 38 AND NAVAL EQUIPMENTS APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Millars Newey and James Clement Newey both
of Brearley Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick Hook and Eye
Manufacturers for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS AND
ATTACHMENTS FOR WEARING APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE FARRICS MILITARY
38
AND NAVAL EQUIPMENTS APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Millars Newey and.
James Clement Newey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
6th February 1883.
WILLIAM MILLARS NEWEY and JAMES CLEMENT NEWEY both of Brearley Street
Birmingham in the County of Warwick Hook and Eye Manufacturers IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FASTENINGS AND ATTACHMENTS FOR WEARING APPAREL AND OTHER
TEXTILE FABRICS MILITARY AND NAVAL EQUIPMENTS APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER
ANALOGOUS PURPOSES.
Our Invention has for its object the complete protection of the material with
which the hooks or clasps come into contact from damage arising from contact
with the points of such hooks or clasps and the friction caused thereby such hooks
or clasps being used as Fastenings or Attachments for Wearing Apparel Textile
fabrics Military and Naval equipments Tents Curtains and for other analogous
purposes.
The means whereby we effect our said Improvements consist in the protection
of the points of the beaks of hooks and clasps by the formation of the same in
order to prevent them entangling or injuring the materials to which they are
attached and also in making a more secure fastening than can be obtained by the
ordinary Hook and Eye or clasp, these objects being obtained in the following
manner.
First by curving or depressing the point of the beaks between and below the
upper surface of the sides or body of the hook or clasp.
Secondly by raising or bending the sides or body of the hook or clasp above and
beyond the point or end of the beak

page_text: Thirdly the body or sides of the Hooks are closed and indented and the point or
end of the beak turned for protection into the indentation
The hooks and eyes may be formed of sheet metal the body being made of any
suitable shape and ornamented or not or the hook may be attached to an orna-
mental body and used with chains rings or eyes, or the hooks and eyes may be
formed of wire or other suitable material with or without ornamentation
The form of the hook or clasp may be round oval square or of any other shape
suitable for carrying out our Improvements, the wire or metal may be round flat
or ornamented or attached to an ornamental body.
The essential feature of our Invention is the protection of the points of the
beaks of Hooks or Clasps by curving or depressing them between and below the
sides of the body and raising the sides of the hooks or clasps above and beyond
the point of the beak and the indentation of the closed body of the Hook or
Clasp to receive its point and in forming a raised stop or protection before the
point.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Millars Newey and James Clement Newey in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 6th August 1883.
WILLIAM MILLARS NEWEY and JAMES CLEMENT NEWEY, both of Brearley Street
Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Hook and Eye Manufacturers IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FASTENINGS AND ATTACHMENTS FOR WEARING APPAREL AND OTHER
TEXTILE FABRICS AND MILITARY AND NAVAL EQUIPMENTS, APPLICABLE ALSO TO
OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES
"
Our invention has for its object the complete protection of the material with
which the hooks come into contact, from damage arising from contact with the
points of such hooks and the friction caused thereby, such hooks being used as
fastenings or attachments for wearing apparel, textile fabrics, military and naval
equipments, tents, curtains and other analogous purposes, and also to make such
fastenings more secure than by the ordinary hooks and eyes.
And in order that our said invention may be fully understood, reference is
hereby made to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
The means whereby we effect our said improvements consist in the protection of
the points of the beaks of the hooks by the formation of the same.
The protection of the point of the hook and security of the fastening are
obtained by the following means.
First By curving or depressing the point a of the beak between and below the
upper surface of the sides or body b b of the hook as shewn in Figs 1. 2. 3. 11. 12.
and 13.
Secondly: By raising or bending the body b. b of the hook above and beyond
the point or end of the beak a, as shewn in Figs 4. 5. 6. 14 and 15.
Thirdly-The body or sides bb of the hooks are closed and indented, as shown
at c in Figs 7 and 8, and the point or end of the beak is turned for protection into
the indentation c.
Figs 9 and 10 shew the indentation c so formed as to become a protection or
stop before the point a of the beak of the hook.
The hooks and eyes are sometimes formed of sheet metal, as shews in Figs 11.
12. 13. 14. 15. 29. 30. 31 and 32; the body being formed in any suitable manner,
and with or without ornamentation, or such Ornamentation may be attached as
shewn in Figs 29. 30, 31 and 32, or used with chains, rings, or eyes as shewn.
The hooks and eyes are also sometimes formed of wire or other suitable material
as shewn in Figs 25. 26. 27, 28. 33 and 34 and without ornamentation.
Figs. 16. 17 18 and 19 shew other forms of the hooks.
Figs 20. 21. 22 and 23 shew the shapes of the eyes most suitable for the
protected points of the hooks, but ordinary eyes may be used therewith.
Fig: 24 shews the position of the eye when passing under the protected point a,
in the act of fastening.
We do not confine ourselves to the exact shape of the hook, as shewn in the
several Figs, nor to any precise sectional form of the metal, as the shape and
sectional form may be round elliptical, square or otherwise, suitable for carrying
out our improvements, and the wire or metal may be round, flat or ornamented, or
attached to an ornamental body.
Fig. 2 is a side view of Fig. 1 shewing one mode of bending the hook, and Fig 3
is a similar view shewing another form of bend.

page_text: Fig 5 and 6 are side views of Fig 4 shewing two different forms of that figure.
Fig. 8 is a side view of Fig: 7.
Fig. 10 is a side view of Fig. 9.
Figs 12 and 13 are side views of Fig. 11 shewing two methods of bending
the hook.
Fig. 15 is a side view of Fig. 14.
Fig. 17 is a side view of Fig. 16.
Fig. 19 is a side view of Fig. 18
Fig. 20 represents Fig 1 attached to the eye Fig 21
Fig 26 is a side view of Fig. 25.
Fig 28 is a side view of Fig 27
Figs 30 and 31 are side views of Fig 29 shewing two different forms of junction
and Fig 34. is a side view of Fig. 33.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we claim :-
1 The use and manufacture of books having the points of the beaks protected
and shielded for the purposes and in manner herein before described and shewn on
the drawing, or any mere modification thereof.
2 The several methods and means of protecting and shielding the points of the
beaks of books substantially as herein before described and shewn on the
drawings.
3. The use and manufacture in combination or connection with the before
described hooks of eyes for the purposes and in manner substantially as herein-
before described and shewn on the drawings Figs: 20. 21. 22 and 23.
In witness whereof we the said William Millars Newey and James Clement
Newey have hereunto set our hands and seals this third day of August
in the year of our Lord 1883.