IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING FLINTS AND HARD STONEY
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Tom Cluderay, of Bradford, in the County of
York, Corn Factor, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING FLINTS AND HARD STONEY SUB-
Sealed the 15th December 1874, and dated the 7th July 1874.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Tom Cluderay at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 7th July 1874, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, TOM
CLUDERAY, of Bradford, in the County of York, Corn Factor, send
greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING FLINTS AND HARD STONEY
SUBSTANCES FROM FOREIGN BEANS AND WHEAT," and have petitioned
Her Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made
Declaration that I am the first and true Inventor thereof.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Tom Cluderay, do hereby declare
that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and seal,
fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and in.

page_text: what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following
statement:
I attain this result by the application and through the operation of an
ascending current of water conducted through an oblong or rectangular
formed tube, pipe, or vessel, or of a circular or any otherwise formed
vessel, whose area is different and of such dimensions as are suitably
applicable for the purpose, and by placing such conductor in a perpen-
dicular position or nearly so. At the surface and in the centre, or
down one side of such current I inject or cause to fall the mixture of
grain with the foreign substances to expose them to the action of the
current to obtain their separation. The said current of water is caused
to flow and ascend through the said pipe or-conductor or conductors in
a constant, steady, uniform, and tranquil state, and of a sufficient force
or velocity as is sufficient to float or carry the grain upwards along with
it, and conducted to a position where the water is allowed to percolate
from it, and to carry the grain off the apparatus by suitable appliances.
But the foreign substances from which I wish to separate the grain, such
as flints or hard stoney matter, which are contained in admixture with
the grain, notwithstanding that the said current flows upwards in an
opposite direction, they will fall down through it into a receptacle
formed for them, which is provided with an outlet valve, the said current
being of an insufficient velocity so as to carry them with it, but it will
do so with the grain. The reason whereby I can obtain this result arises
from the difference there always is between their specific gravities, the
grain being the lighter and the foreign substances the heavier.
I will now proceed to describe the apparatus employed and shewn in
the accompanying Drawings, in which like parts are indicated by the
same letters and figures. Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of my machine;
Fig. 2 is an end view of the same; Fig. 3 is a plan.
In Fig. 1 A is the hopper into which the grain or beans required to
be cleansed are placed by means of rack and pinion a, b, regulating
valve B; the grain or beans are allowed to fall on to roller C, which
revolves and carries them over into water contained in conduit D. To
this water is imparted motion by means of horizontal centrifugal wheel E,
driven by means of wheels c, d, at bottom of shaft F, which works through
a packed gland f at required speed for forcing water into conduit N
through throttle valve G worked by rod and levers e, f, thus regulating
the proper supply and force of water passing along N through perforated

page_text: plate M, up conduit H, H, and ensuring the carrying upward of the
grain or beans at X into hopper J; K is an archemedian screw encased
in wire gauze, which carries forward grain or beans to the point of
delivery L, the same being washed by current of water falling through the
gauze Z, Z, which extends from the terminal of screw K at Y to ring Y¹,
on to which the end is secured, this ring revolves with shaft K.against
fixed ring Y2; motion is imparted to this' covered screw by means of
wheels g, h, worked by pulley and cross shaft o, o, which is again driven
from pulley and shaft p, p, below. Motion is imparted to roller C by
means of strap and small pulley on cross shaft o; Q is a revolving brush
to which motion is imparted by means of gearing or cords and pulleys
from shaft of roller C, for the purpose of removing straw or light matter
floating on the surface of the water; but I prefer to have the beans or
wheat winnowed and screened before putting them through my improved
machine; R is an opening with prepared tight fitting cover in order to
clean out conduit N; P¹ is the division plate causing the water to pass
through throttle valve G; S is a curve to give the water the flow in the
right direction through perforated plate M up H, H; T is an opening to
allow of dirt passing through towards valve V; P² is the pipe, having a
row of holes opposite the wire gauze for supplying the wash water and
maintaining the water to level of sluice valve S¹; S³, sett screws to hold
sluice valve to a required position; X' are projections made to partly
enclose the inlet to conduit D; X², a trough fixed by sett screws.
In witness whercof, I, the said Tom Cluderay, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this First day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
Signed, sealed, and delivered
by the aboved-named Tom
Cluderay in the presence of
JOHN WAUGH,
Engineer & Patent Agent,
Bradford.
TOM CLUDERAY. (L.S.)