provements in and relating to Wooden File and other Tool Hafts or Handles with Paper Cased Reed Cores.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Oct., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 24th Aug., 1900-Accepted, 29th Sept., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in and relating to Wooden File and other Tool Hafts or
Handles with Paper Cased Reed Cores.
I, LUDWIG GROTE, of 84B, East India Dock Road, London, in the County of
Middlesex, Manager of Works, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
The wooden file and other tool hafts or handles hitherto known are attended
with the drawback that they are apt to split and crack while the tangs or shanks
of the files or other tools are being driven into them.
was
Although metal ferules have been employed to strengthen them, it
necessary to previously drill or burn such handles in order satisfactorily to fit
and secure the files or other tools in their sockets.
This involved an expenditure of both time and money which in many cases
proved unavailing, as the shank of the tool, when fixed in his socket, was very
frequently found to deviate from the straight line, while apart from this, the
wood, by shrinking as it dried, would cause the metal ferules to slip off and
thereby render the tool-handle unserviceable.
The process of manufacture of tool-handles to which this invention relates
entirely obviates the drawbacks stated and it consists in providing each handle
with a nucleus or core-piece, inserted in its centre, and comprising a length of reed
enveloped in a paper case, into which the shank or tang of the file or other tool
may be forced without any fear of splitting or cracking the surrounding wood.
The ease and safety wherewith the tangs of files or the like may be driven
home into handles or hafts made by this process are accounted for by the yielding
texture peculiar to reed, which, as it gives way to the pressure of the tang,
adheres with proportionately increasing tightness to its outer paper casing, which
thus takes up the pressure that would otherwise be transmitted to the wood of the
haft or handle and might lead to its disruption.
The improved process consists in first fixing the reed, which has been previously
cut to the required length, in a winding machine, by means of two centres. The
reed is then wound with an endles strip of paper, which is led along through a
receptacle filled with a suitable adhesive substance; the winding being continued
until the reed corresponds in size to the aperture drilled in the wooden "blank."
The wooden blanks" which have previously been drilled in a lathe or other-
wise are now turned in the lathe to the shape of a file-handle.
The paper-wound reed core is next covered with suitable adhesive material
and driven or forced into the aperture prepared for its reception in the haft or
handle "blank"; so that the core-piece and the wood surrounding it jointly
form one compact body.
After the tool-haft or handle so constructed has had time to dme the must I

page_text: end of the paper wound reed core is cut away and the tool handle is mounted
upon a tapering mandrel in the lathe, to be planed polished or varnished as may
be desired.
Dated this Twenty-fourth day of October One thousand eight hundred and
Improvements in and relating to Wooden File and other Tool Hafts or
Handles with Paper Cased Reed Cores.
I, LUDWIG GROTE, of 841, East India Dock Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Manager of Works, do hereby declare the 'nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The hafts or handles for files or other tools hitherto known are attended with
the drawback that they are apt to split and crack in use and especially while
the tangs or shanks of the files or other tools are being driven into them.
Although metal ferrules have been employed to strengthen them, it was
necessary to previously drill or burn the sockets formed in such'handles in order
satisfactorily to fit and secure the files or other tools therein.
This involved an expenditure of both time and money which in many cases
proved unavailing, as the shank of the tool, when fixed in its socket, was very
frequently found to deviate from the straight line; while apart from this, the
wood, by shrinking, would cause or allow the metal ferrules to slip off and
thereby render the tool handle unserviceable.
The process of manufacture of tool-handles to which this invention relates is
designed to entirely obviate the drawback stated, and it consists in providing
each handle with a core-piece, inserted in its centre and comprising a length of
reed cane or the like enveloped in a paper case, into which the shank or tang of
the file or other tool is inserted.
The ease and safety wherewith the tangs of files or the like may be driven home
into handles or hafts made according to this invention are accounted for by the
yielding nature, peculiar to reed or cane or the like which, as it gives way to the
pressure of the tang, adheres with proportionately increasing tightness to its
outer paper casing, which thus takes up the pressure that would otherwise be
transmitted to the wood of the haft or handle and might lead to its disruption.
The invention is carried out as follows:-The reed cane or the like (advan-
tageously cane known as "Spanish cane"), which has been previously cut to the
required length, is fixed in a winding machine, by means of two centres. The reed
is then wound with an endless strip of paper, which is led along through a
receptacle containing a suitable adhesive substance the winding being continued
until the core-piece thus formed corresponds in size (i.e. externally) to the
aperture or socket formed to receive same in the wooden blank.
The wooden blanks are turned in the lathe to the desired shape of a handle or
haft for files or other tools.
The paper
wound core of reed or cane is covered with suitable adhesive material
and driven or forced into the socket or aperture prepared for its reception in
the haft or handle blank; so that the core-piece and the wood surrounding it
jointly form one compact body.
After the tool haft or handle so constructed has had time to dry; the protruding

page_text: end of the paper wound core is cut away and the tool handle is mounted upon a
tapering mandril in the lathe to be turned polished or varnished or may be
otherwise suitably finished as may be desired.
And in order that my present invention may be easily understood and readily
carried into practice I will proceed to further describe same with reference to
the drawings hereunto annexed.
Fig. shows the piece of reed cane or the like material held in chucks or
grips adapted to revolve same in readiness to have wound thereon the case or
covering of paper or other equivalent material.
Fig. 2 shows said core-piece with the paper case wound thereon.
Fig. 3 shows (in section) the wooden blank a before being turned into the
desired shape of haft or handle said blank being provided with a socket or
recess c burnt or bored out or otherwise suitably formed therein; said socket or
recess c being of such size and shape as to be adapted to receive therein the com-
pound core-piece shown in Fig. 2 said compound core-piece being secured in said
socket by any suitable adhesive or other suitable means.
Fig. 4 is an exterior view of the haft or handle turned into the desired shape;
and Fig. 5 is a vertical section thereof showing the tapering aperture a¹ formed
in the cane a to receive therein the tang or shank y₁ of the file y (or other
suitable tool) as shown in Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 is cross-section on line 7-7 Fig. 6; and Fig. 8 is cross-section on
line 8-8 Fig. 6.
It will be obvious that instead of the haft or handle being formed of wood as
herein before described my present invention, may be applied and carried out with
hafts or handles made of any other suitable material or composition for instance
the haft or handle may be made of moulded cellulose or of paper
The present invention may be carried out with paper haft or handle as
follows:
The core or piece A of reed cane or the like of cylindrical form (and of the
entire length or longer than the handle to be formed) is chucked or centered as
shown in Fig. 9 in a lathe or machine adapted to revolve same and the end of a
strip or band of paper affixed thereto and then wound thereon with the addition
of a suitable adhesive (for which purpose the band of paper may be passed through
a bath of any suitable adhesive material) until the handle or haft of the desired
size has been made as shown in Fig. 10, when the outer end of paper is secured
and the haft or handle allowed to dry; and the haft or handle as shown in
section in Fig. 11 is thus formed of the cane core A and the exterior paper cover-
ing or part B; Fig. 12 being cross-sectional view on line 12-12 Fig. 11.
If necessary or desired such haft or handle thus formed of paper and an
adhesive material can then be turned in a lathe to any desired shape or formation
such as the ordinary shape of handles for files and other tools as illustrated in
Fig. 13.
A haft or handle is thus formed of paper and turned to the desired shape
externally as shown in Fig. 13 of the drawings in which A is the core or centre-
piece of reed cane or the like and B is the paper wound thereon and turned into
shape on a lathe and then smoothed or polished or varnished or otherwise finished
exteriorly in any suitable manner as desired.
Fig. 14 shows this paper haft or handle with core-piece of cane etc. mounted
on the tang or shank y of a file y.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination with a haft or handle for file and other tools of a piece of
cane reed or the like inserted therein as a core in which to receive the tang or
shank of the tool.
2. The combination with a haft or handle for files and other tools of a piece

page_text: of cane reed or the like enveloped in a paper case and inserted in said haft or
handle as a core in which to receive the tang or shank of the tool.
3. The combination with a wooden haft or handle for files and other tools of a
piece of cane reed or the like inserted in said haft or handle as a core in which
to receive the tang or shank of the tool substantially in the manner and for the
purposes herein before described.
4. The combination with a wooden haft or handle for files and other tools of a
piece of cane reed or the like enveloped in a paper case and inserted in said haft
or handle as a core in which to receive the tang or shank of the tool substantially
in the manner and for the purposes herein before described.
5. A wooden haft or handle for files and other tools provided with a core-
piece of cane reed or the like enveloped in a paper casing and arranged in said
handle as a core to receive therein the tang or shank of the tool substantially as
herein before described and illustrated in Figs. 1 to 8 of the drawings hereunto
annexed.
6. The improved arrangement and construction of hafts or handles for files and
other tools substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the drawings
hereunto annexed.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Birkbeck Bank Chambers, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.