IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Theophilus John Nash, of 202, High Holborn,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CHURNS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Theophilus John
Nash, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 9th March 1853.
I, THEOPHILUS JOHN NASH, of 202, High Holborn, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS" to be as follows:
This Invention consists of a combination of apparatus for giving an
up and down and rotatory motion to the spindle and dasher of churns.
Motion is communicated by a winch handle, on the axis of which is a
toothed wheel, which takes into and gives motion to another toothed
wheel, and on the axis of cach of these wheels is fixed an excentric,
between which excentrics there is a disc which is affixed to the spindle
of the dasher of a churn, and which, by the rotation of the winch
handle, will thus be caused to rotate and to rise and fall.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Theophilus John Nash, in the Great Seal Patent
Office, on the 9th September 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
THEOPHILUS JOHN NASH, 202, High Holborn, in the County of Middle-
sex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Theophilus John Nash, Her special licence
that I, the said Theophilus John Nash, my executors, administrators.
and assigns, or such others as I. the said Theophilus John Nash, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
terin therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise.
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
CHURES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Theophilus John Nash, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
scal, should particularly, describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Theophilus John Nash, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention consists of a combination of apparatus for giving an up
arid down and rotatory motion to the spindle and dasher of churus.
Motion is communicated by a winch handle, on the axis of which is a
toothed wheel, which takes into and gives motion to another toothed
wheel; and on the axis of each of theso wheels is fixed an excentric,
between which excentrics there is a disc which is affixed to the spindle
of the dasher of a churn, and which, by the rotation of the winch

page_text: handle, will thus be caused to rotate and to rise and fall. And in order
that my said Invention may be most fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed to describe the means pursued by me.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1, shows an elevation of a churn having apparatus applied
thereto, and combined according to my Invention. Figure 2, is an
clevation partly in section, and Figure 8, is a plan of the dasher. In
each of these figures, the same letters of reference are used to indicate
the same parts. a, a, is the barrel or vessel of the churn. b, b, is the
form of dasher which I prefer to use, but the same may be varied so
long as the apparatus is suitably arranged, for giving to the dasher of a
churn a rotatory and an up and down motion. b', is the axis of the
dasher, on which is fixed a disc c, which is nipped between two excen-
trics d, and e, which are of the same diameter, and they are respectively
fixed on the axes of two toothed wheels f, g, which receive motion by
means of the winch handle h, fixed on the fly wheel i, on the axis of
one of the toothed wheels as shown; and as the two wheels f, g, gear
into each other, and as they are of the same diameter, the two axes re-
volve with the same speed; hence the axis 6', of the dasher is caused to
rise and fall, and also to revolve, as will readily be understood by examin-
ing the drawing.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that I do
not confine myself to the details shown and described. But what I
claim is the mode herein described of combining apparatus for giving
an up and down and rotatory motion to the dasher of a churn.
In witness whereof, I, the said Theophilus John Nash, have here-
unto set my hand and scal, this Fifth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
THEOPHILUS JOHN NASH. (L.S.)
Witness, S. CARPMAEL.