IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING THE WASTE HEAT OF MATERIALS EMPLOYED IN RETORTS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS EMPLOYED THEREFOR.
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Bell, junior, Engineer, and Robert Bell,
Coalmaster, both of Wishaw, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING THE WASTE
HEAT OF MATERIALS EMPLOYED IN RETORTS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS
EMPLOYED THEREFOR.
دو
Sealed the 19th May 1874, and dated the 29th November 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Bell and Robert
Bell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 29th November 1873.
We, JOHN BELL, junior, Engineer, and ROBERT BELL, Coalmaster,
both of Wishaw, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING
THE WASTE HEAT OF MATERIALS EMPLOYED IN RETORTS, AND IN THE APPARATUS
OR MEANS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention which relates to utilizing the waste heat of substances
employed or treated in retorts, that is to say, which are subjected to
destructive distillation therein, has reference especially to horizontal
retorts.

page_text: The means or apparatus constituting this Invention consists of one or
more plates or doors placed at the front part of the heating chamber
below the retort or retorts.
The plates or doors may be fitted on a joint so as to be placed when
the charge of the retort is being drawn in an inclined position, or they 5
may be fixed in that position, so that when the charge is drawn it falls
upon the inclined plate or plates and is thereby directed to fall into the
heating chamber below the retort. In this manner the residual heat of
the drawn charge is given back to the retort or retorts.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Bell and Robert Bell in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 29th May 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
BELL, junior, Engineer, and ROBERT BELL, Coalmaster, both of Wishaw,
in the County of Lanark, North Britain, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
37th year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said John Bell and Robert Bell, Her special
license that we, the said John Bell and Robert Bell, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Bell and
Robert Bell, our executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING THE WASTE HEAT OF MATERIALS
EMPLOYED IN RETORTS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS EMPLOYED THEREFOR,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Bell and
Robert Bell, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause

page_text: the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next, and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Bell and Robert Bell do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say :-
Our said Invention which relates to utilizing the waste heat of
substances treated in retorts, that is to say, which have been subjected;
to destructive distillation therein, has reference specially to horizontal
retorts.
The means or apparatus constituting this Invention consists of one or
more plates or doors placed at the front part of the heating chamber or
furnace below the retort or retorts.
The plates or doors may be moveable on a joint so as to allow of their
being placed in an inclined position when the charge of the retort or
retorts is being drawn, or they may be fixed in that position, so that
when the charge is drawn it falls upon the inclined plate or plates and¨
is thereby directed to enter the heating chamber or furnace placed below
the retort or retorts. In this manner the residual heat of the drawn
charge is given back to the retort or retorts.
And in order that our said Invention may be properly understood we
now proceed more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or manner
in or under which the same is or may be used or practically carried into.
effect, reference being had to the annexed Sheet of Drawings, and to
the letters and Figures marked thereon, that is to say:―
Figure 1, on the annexed Shect of Drawings, is partly a front
elevation and partly a vertical section of a set of three horizontal retorts
to which our Invention is shewn applied; Figure 2 is a vertical section
at right angles to Figure 1 at the linė a, b, whilst Figure 3 is a plan of
the same.
The three retorts are marked respectively A, B, C, and the apparatus
beneath the rétórt B is shewn open and in the position necessary to
direct the charge drawn from the retort B into the heating chamber or
furnace D. The front plate E (upon a flanch' at the upper part of which

page_text: .
the front ends of the retorts rest) has cast upon its outer surface
projections F shaped like segments of circles, the lower parts of which
are provided with eyes through which the shaft G passes. The outer
edge of the segment shaped projections F are also provided with lips or
projections which support the doors or plates H when open, that is to
say, when in the position shewn at Figure 2. The doors H hinge upon
and are supported by the shaft G, or its equivalent, which passes through
eyes or bosses formed upon their lower parts. The upper parts of the
doors or plates H are provided with bolts I which keep the doors H
shut, or in that position in which they are shewn applied to the
retorts A. and C.
The front plate E has cast upon its inner side a flanch J set inwards
at an angle similar to that assumed by the doors H when open, as shewn
in section at Figure 2, and as the upper surface of the flanch J is
coincident with the upper surfaces of the doors or plates H when they
are open, an inclined plane is thus formed extending from the upper
edge of the doors or plates H to the inner edge of the flanch J, whereby
any material drawn from the retorts through the openings K at the ends
thereof is conducted into the heating chamber or furnace D, as shewn
by the arrows at Figure 2. The openings K in the retorts are provided
with doors L hinged to the sides of the retorts by pins M in the
ordinary manner. Each retort is also provided with a hopper N through
which the material to be distilled is fed into the retorts; the hopper N
is also provided with a cover, not shewn on the Drawings. Access is
had to the heating chamber or furnace D by means of the furnace
door O, and the smoke or vapours rising therefrom are conveyed away by
the flue P, or where there are many retorts together the said smoke or
vapour may be led by a passage into the larger flue Q.
Where the range of retorts is of some length rails c are laid upon the
top of the brick setting of the retorts upon which trucks travel for
carrying the material to be fed into the retorts.
Instead of forming the herein-before described inclined plane of two
pieces, that is to say, of the door H and flanch J, it may be made in one
piece and hinged upon a shaft or studs.
Also in place of having a separate door H below the mouth of each
retort, as shewn on the Drawings, one door may be employed extending
across and below several retorts..

page_text: Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our
said Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which
the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, we would
observe in conclusion that what we consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, is, the arrangement and con-
struction of apparatus constituting the hinged door or plate H and its
attachments, whereby an inclined plane or duct is formed from the
mouth of the retort to the interior of the heating chamber or furnace
for the purpose of conducting the spent charge of the retort into the
heating chamber or furnace, substantially as herein-before described and
shown
JOHN BELL, JUN. (L.S.)
ROBERT BELL.
(L.8.)