Improvements in Sewing Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 11th May, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Dec., 1891-Accepted, 27th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sewing Machines.
We, MARK CHARLES DENNE, of 1 Christchurch Road, Eastbourne, in the
County of Sussex, and THOMAS JAMES DENNE, of Hemel Hempstead, in the
County of Hertford, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows :—
This invention has for object, certain improvements connected with sewing
machines, in which a barbed needle, an awl, and a looper are employed.
The needle carrier is a disc to which the needle is secured, and which has a
vibratory motion round a horizontal shaft in the front of the machine. The motion
is imparted to it by an eccentric and rod from a back shaft parallel with the above
mentioned shaft.
The awl carrier is a similar disc to the above and operated by an eccentric but in
a reversed position with respect to the needle and so that both the needle and awl
move in the same plane when the feed is not in action.
The feed is obtained by means of a lever moving in a horizontal plane, one end
of which is engaged in a cam, and the other actuates a second lever which engages
with the awl carrier. The cam is so arranged that when the needle is passing
through the work following the awl point to point, it imparts a motion to the awl
moving it out of the plane of the needle to the distance the length of stitch requires.
The awl then passes up through the work and when through, is moved back again
to the plane of the needle, taking with it the work and also the under presser foot
which is pivotted to the same piece.
The plate against which the work is held is above it and the front edge forms a
guide for the work. The before mentioned presser foot keeps the work in position
against this plate.
The looper for throwing the thread into the barb of the needle is actuated by
means of a lever from a cam on the back shaft.
The looper has a to and fro travel by its cam and also a horizontal circular
motion by the same cam to effect the sweep round the needle for laying the thread
into the barb.
The needle returns with the thread through, the work pulls it up above the
surface and returns leaving a loop through which the next loop is drawn, thus
forming the stitch.
The cast off embraces the needle and is lifted at the top of the needle stroke by
pin fixed to the awl carrier to allow of the loop escaping.
Dated this 0th dox £ M 1001
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said M. C. Denne and T. J. Denne.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said M. C. Denne and T. J. Denne.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sewing Machines.
We, MARK CHARLES DENNE, of 1 Christchurch Road, Eastbourne, in the
County of Sussex, and THOMAS JAMES DENNE, of Hemel Hempstead, in the
County of Hertford, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
[Price 8d.1

page_text: and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for object, certain improvements connected with sewing
machines, in which a barbed needle, an awl, and a looper are employed.
The needle carrier is a disc to which the needle is secured and which has a
vibratory motion round a horizontal shaft in the front of the machine.
The motion is imparted to it by an eccentric and rod from a back shaft parallel
with the above mentioned shaft.
The awl carrier is a similar disc to the above and operated by an eccentric but
in a reversed position with respect to the needle and so that both the needle and
awl move in the same plane when the feed is not in action.
The feed is obtained by means of a lever moving in a horizontal plane, one
end of which is engaged in a cam, and the other end actuates by means of a
connecting link a second lever which engages within the groove formed by the
presser foot rib and handle. The cam is so arranged that when the needle is
passing through the work following the awl point to point, it imparts a motion to
the awl, moving it out of the plane of the needle to the distance the length of stitch
requires.
The awl then passes up through the work, and when through, is moved back
again to the plane of the needle taking with it the work and also the under presser
foot which is pivotted to the same piece. The plate against which the work is held
is above it, and the front edge forms a guide for the work. The before mentioned
presser foot keeps the work in position against this plate.
The looper for throwing the thread into the barb of the needle is actuated by
means of a lever from a cam on the back shaft. The looper has a to and fro travel
by its cam and also a horizontal circular motion by the same cam to effect the
sweep round the needle for laying the thread into the barb.
The needle returns with the thread through the work, pulls it up above the
surface and returns, leaving a loop through which the next loop is drawn, thus
forn.ing the stitch.
The "cast off" embraces the needle, and is lifted at the top of the needle stroke
by a pin fixed to the awl carrier to allow of the loop escaping.
Our invention will be clearly understood by referring to the annexed drawings.
Figure 1, side elevation.
Figure 2, front elevation.
Figure 3, part sectional front elevation.
Figure 4, plan.
Figure 5, separate views of needle carrier.
Figure 6, separate views of awl carrier.
Figure 7, separate front elevation of needle and awl carriers.
Figure 8, side elevation of needle and awl carrier with needle about entering the
work.
Figure 9, similar view with needle through work and showing by dotted lines,
the course of the looper's travel to throw thread around needle.
Figure 10, separate view of double roller lever by which looper is operated from
cam,
Figure 11, separate views of plate which carries the "cast off."
Figure 12, separate views of "cast off."
Figure 13, side elevation of presser foot and its hand lever.
Figure 14, front elevation of same.
The machine is chiefly intended for sewing the outer soles on boots and shoes,
and produces what is termed the chain stitch with a waxed thread.
It is applicable for all kinds of heavy work where the chain stitch is required,
whether the thread be waxed or not.
A, base securable on a pedestal, a bench, or a table.
B, B, arms bellied outward at the rear to carry the main shaft C and projecting

page_text: to the front where the second shaft D is arranged for supporting the awl carrier E,
the presser foot F, and the "cast off" G also for oscillatory motion of the needle
carrier H which fixed to it.
I, I, are eccentrics on the main shaft C for operating the needle and the awl
respectively and directly by arms J, J¹, to the carriers of which, said arms are
connected by pins, one of which (that which actuates the awl) is long enough to
allow of a sliding motion of the awl carrier on the shaft.
K is a stay or resistance piece, against the under side of which, the work is
pressed by the presser foot F.
The boss L of the awl carrier E is mounted loosely on the shaft D and the
presser foot F by its boss L' (as a sleeve) on said boss of the awl carrier with the
boss L and awl carrier E has a reciprocating side motion for each stitch (the awl
being the feeder of the work) under the action of a lever M pivotted on the post N,
said lever being moved by the cam P.
The lever M is slotted at its front end, and a second lever M' connected by a
link Qadjustable in the slot of the lever M by the shifting of a pin R, determines
the length of stitch.
The looper S is of curved formation standing up from an arm T fixed to one end
of a spindle U, this being set at an angle in bearing V, V, on the base plate A,
between which bearings, the spindle is encircled by a spring to keep the roller W,
see Figure 10, within and to follow the curvature of the cam X and the roller Wi
against the edge of said cam which has a projection Y for forcing the looper forward
for laying the thread around the needle, the course of the looper being shown by
dotted lines at Figure 9.
Z is another projection on the cam X for releasing the presser foot F during the
feeding operation by means of the lever a, a certain amount of pressure being at all
times exerted by the spring b, the tension of which can be readily overcome by a
pull on the handle c, such as when the work has to be put into or removed from the
machine.
To permit of different thickness of work being placed in the machine i.e. between
the pressure foot F and the fixed resistance piece K, the lever a is pivotted on a
pin at d, and at one portion it has ratchet teeth, and also a spoon handle shaped
end e.
The ratchet teeth lodge in other ratchet teeth formed at the back end ŕ of
the handle (see Figure 13), so that the presser foot is locked at all times, except
when the projections on cam X act on lever a. The cast off G is raised on the
uprising of the needle by the stud g¹.
The awl carrier has a stud g projecting from one side face for striking against a
lip depending from the boss i of the "cast off" which it does when the awl is near
the end of its motion and while the needle is stationary, thus raising the "cast off"
from its position over the barb of the needle; the retiring of the awl after the loop
has escaped allows the "cast off" to be pulled down by a spring between lip and
the arm of frame.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1. The arrangement of sewing machine carried by two shafts shown by the
drawings, the needle and the awl on front shaft being operated direct from
eccentrics on back shaft, as in the manner set forth.
2. The combination of the two eccentrics operating the needle and awl carriers,
the throw of the awl eccentric being the greater, and being set on the shaft in
relation to the needle eccentric, so as to keep the needle and awl point to point on
the down stroke, and to separate them at the bottom of stroke to allow of looper
acting, then to cause the awl to travel up at a greater speed than the needle,
thereby approaching it at the top of the stroke.
3. The combination of the two eccentrics and the cast off," the awl eccentric

page_text: causing the "cast off" to lift by means of a pin as described when the needle is
stationary at the top of the stroke.
The 18th day of December 1891.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London
Agent for the said Mark Charles Denne and Thomas James Denne.