IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NUTS READY FOR TAPPING AND OF SIMILAR OBJECTS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of Chancery Lanc, London, for
"
-
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NUTS READY
FOR TAPPING AND OF SIMILAR OBJECTS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR. -A
communication from abroad by Carl Wegener, of Bredow, near
Stettin, in Prussia.
Sealed the 7th September 1875, and dated the 19th April 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th April 1875.
I, PETER JENSEN, of Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF NUTS READY FOR TAPPING AND OF SIMILAR OBJECTS, AND IN APPARATUS THERE-
FOR," a communication to me from abroad by Carl Wegener, of Bredow,
near Stettin, in Prussia, to be as follows: -
Machines made according to this Invention are and operate as
follows: The pieces are cut off the proper length from a red hot round
iron bar; this may be done by shears on the machine itself. The pieces

page_text: are put into matrices, one or more, let into a disc which receives inter-
mittent rotary motion; a die of the exact form of the matrix and of the
nut to be formed works against one side (say the lower) of the disc, and
a similar die against the other side (say the upper); each die has like-
wise a projecting punch. When the matrix with the red hot piece of
iron comes opposite the dies these are made to approach each other,
whereby the punches cause a depression in each side and force the metal
out to the sides so as to fill the matrix completely, they leave however
metal between the two depressions, and this metal is punched out when
the so far formed nut in the further rotation of the disc comes under the
next tool, which is a punch, a table or plate coming underneath the nut
in this moment the nut then during the further rotation of the disc
comes under a "pitman" which forces it out of its matrix ready to be
tapped; the upper die, the punch, and the pitman may all be fixed on
one cross head which works in guides, and by preference is moved by
beam, connecting rod, and cam. The lower die may be moved direct by
cam motion, and is slightly in advance of the movement of the upper
die. The aforesaid connecting rod is adjustable in length to suit
different thicknesses of nuts, and has a slight compressible buffer part in
order to make up for slight differences in the length of the pieces
operated upon at the time. The rotary disc may be turned by pawl
gearing, being made with notches corresponding to the number of
matrices.
The machine has a self-acting disengaging coupling which operates
when the matrices do not come directly under the dies, a falling flap
then coming against a disc on the driving axle, and shifting it out of
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 19th October 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
JENSEN, of Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of April, in the year

page_text: of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Peter Jensen, Her special licence
that I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for “ IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NUTS READY FOR TAPPING AND OF SIMILAR OBJECTS, AND
IN APPARATUS THEREFOR," (a communication to me from abroad by Carl
Wegener, of Bredow, near Stettin, in Prussia,) upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Jensen, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to
say :-
Machines made according to this Invention cause a waste of material
of only six to ten per cent., and operate as follows:-The pieces are cut
off the proper length from a red hot round iron bar, this may be done
by shears on the machine itself. The pieces are put into matrices, one
or more, and let into a disc which receives intermittent rotary motion.
A die of the exact form of the matrix and of the nut to be formed
works against one side (say the lower) of the disc, and a similar die
against the other side (say the upper); each die has likewise a pro-
jecting punch. When the matrix with the red hot piece of iron comes
opposite the dies these are made to approach each other, whereby the
punchies cause a depression in cach side and force the metal out to the
sides so as to fill the matrix completely. They leave however metal

page_text: between the two depressions, and this metal is punched out, when the
so far formed nut in the further rotation of the disc comes under the
next tool which is a punch, a table or plate coming underneath the
nut in this moment the nut then during the further rotation of the disc
comes under a "pitman" which forces it out of its matrix ready to be
tapped. The upper die, the punch, and the pitman, may all be fixed on
one cross head which works in guides, and by preference is moved by
beam, connecting rod, and cam. The lower die may be moved direct by
cam motion, and is slightly in advance of the movement of the upper
die. The aforesaid connecting rod is adjustable in length to suit
different thicknesses of nuts, and has a slightly compressible buffer part
in order to make up for slight differences in the length of the pieces
operated upon at the time. The rotary disc may be turned by pawl
gearing, being made with notches corresponding to the number of
matrices.
The machine has a self-acting disengaging coupling which operates
when the matrices do not come directly under the dies, a falling flap
then coming against a disc on the driving axle and shifting it out of
gear with its corresponding clutch disc.
And in order that this Invention may be more fully ascertained I
will now proceed to describe it with reference to the accompanying
Drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a machine made
according to this Invention; Figure 2, a vertical longitudinal section of
same; Fig. 3, a plan; and Figs. 4 and 5 are details.
The horizontal rotary matrix disc A contains in this case six matrices
a¹, a², a³, a³, a³, and a", of hard cast metal, the nut is formed therein.
The disc A with its vertical spindle B is made to rotate by means of the
lever C, the curved connecting rod D (Fig. 3), and the crank E on the
shaft E which is driven from the main shaft F by means of the two
bevel wheels E, E³, the shaft F again receiving motion from the driving
shaft G by spur pinion F and wheel F. H are fast and loose strap
pulleys on the driving shaft G which receive motion from some motor
or shafting. The connecting rod D acts on the matrix disc A by means
of the pawl d, which by a spiral (or other) spring is pushed into tooth
pieces d³, d³, d³, d³, d³, and d³, corresponding with the six matrices,
turning the disc one-sixth of a turn each time in the direction of the
arrow by every revolution of the shaft E' and crank E, and each time a
.
1

page_text: fresh matrix comes exactly between the two indenting punches J and J¹
the next following under the punch J, and the third one under the
pitman K.
The aforesaid tools are fixed to the two cross heads M and N, the
former carrying the punches J and j and the pitman K, the latter
carrying the punch J' only. The cross head N is worked up and down
direct by means of the eccentric f, which is welded on to the shaft F.
The eccentric f of course holds the cross head N with punch J¹in the
upper position so long as is required for holding, and pressing, or
punching. The upper cross head M is moved in the opposite direction by
the beam L which turns on its axle & which rests in the sides or frames O
and O. The beam at one end works between steel plates m in the slot
of the cross head M, and works it up and down in its guides on the
front wall P of the framing. The lower cross head N has its guides on
the lower part of the said front wall P. The beam L has at one end a
tubular part Q with adjustable disc q, india-rubber buffer q', disc q³,
against which works the connecting rod R with joint r. The connecting
rod R consists of two parts r¹ and with right and left-hand flat threaded
screwed ends united by a socket or nut ³ with check nuts, as shown, to
prevent their turning. The connecting rod R can by these means be
adjusted in length as required. The lower end of the connecting rod R
is in the forks of the cam frame S, and is with it moved up and down
by means of the cams s¹ and 8² on the shaft F; the cams work between
the steel plate ³ and the roller k¹. The cams and the connecting rod
are so fitted and adjusted that when a matrix is exactly between the
indenting punches J and J', the latter should move against each other
(the lower one J'a little in advance in order to prevent the piece of
iron from falling out). The same downward movement of the upper
cross head M also causes the piercing through operation of the punch J,
the nut in the following matrix resting on the table T (Fig. 1) which
has a corresponding hole and is screwed on to the main frame; the said
downward movement of the cross head M also causes the finished nut to
be pushed out of the next matrix by means of the pitman K.
To obviate the evils of an incorrect rotation of the matrix disc, the
lever U (Fig. 3) is made to rest with a friction roller u against the disc 7,
and is drawn towards it by a spiral spring i. A spring ³ enters a notch
c¹, c², c³, c², c³, or c each time, and a peg u² enters a notch 7º¹, 73, 708, 70%, 715,
or 7 on the circumference of the disc A cach time, and the disc is thus

page_text: fixed in its required positions so that the tools can enter accurately in
their matrices.
An automatic disengaging coupling is applied for the case of the disc
through any irregularity not remaining stationary in its right position,
and the machine is thereby clutched out of gear. A peg in the lever U
enters the notches n', n², n³, n², n, or no when all is in order, but if the
disc does not stand in the right position then the peg cannot enter
any of the said notches, and it pushes the rod v³ off its resting pog v²;
thereby the drawn up flap W which is held in a string w passing over a
pulley is released and falls (the bell-crank lever end 102 going down).
The flap W falls against the incline x of the loose disc ✗ and thereby
pushes it back, by this means the peg ¹ which passed through the fixed
disc x² and fitted into the pinion F¹ is drawn out and the machine is
brought to a standstill, the strap pulley and fly wheel continuing their
revolution as before.
In order to clutch out the machine by hand the workman pulls a
lever and a string passing over rollers and attached to the bell crank w³,
the action being as just described. Z (Fig. 1) is the shear lever for
cutting off the pieces of red hot round bar iron, it is worked by the
machine from the shaft G and connecting rod z. The red hot pieces of
iron are by the workman laid into the matrix a in the disc A, the picce
of iron is kept from falling out by the strip of sheet iron a² fastened to
the table T, and shown in dotted lines at Fig. 5, until it arrives at the
punches J and J¹, where the latter as aforesaid moves up first and holds
it. These recessing or indenting punches are of the taper form shown,
and leave only a thin partition in the middle of the nut which is after-
wards forced out of the nut, while the red hot iron at the same time is
pressed outward, neatly filling the corners of the matrix so that the nut
obtains sharp corners and edges and a great deal of waste in material is
prevented, the waste being only the aforesaid thin partition as compared
with the practice heretofore, where a hole is punched right through.
And having thus particularly ascertained and described the nature of
this Invention, I declare that I claim,-
Firstly. The mode of manufacturing nuts and similar objects by
means of punches entering from and forming indents or recesses in
opposite sides, leaving an intermediate wall between said recesses, and

page_text: Secondly. The machine or apparatus constructed and operating as set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this Eighteenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord Once thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.