An Improvement in the Means or Apparatus for Levelling Surfaces.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 8th June, 1886.
Complete Left, 21st Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 5th Apr., 1887.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in the Means or Apparatus for Levelling Surfaces.
JOHN BLAKEY Boot Manufacturer Lady Lane Leeds, do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR LEVELING
SURFACES to be as follows:-
:-
In place of the ordinary spirit or other liquid used, I employ gravitation or dead
weight in the following manner,
In a chamber or box mounted upon a proper base 1
provide a cross spindle having on the underside & attached thereto a weight of lead or
other material so as to keep the hand or pointer in a verticle position on the dials
provided, the base of the level I divide with rule joint similar to an ordinary 2 foot
rule and by this means any angle can be worked to or ascertained or declination from
either horizontal or perpendicular arrived at.
1
1007

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in the Means or Apparatus for Levelling Surfaces.
JOHN BLAKEY Lady Lane Leeds in the county of York boot Manufacturer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Reference being haul to the accompanying drawings, The object of my invention
is to discard the use of the ordinary spirit level and to give a more ready means of
ascertaining any level gradient or vertical plane by the use of the same instrument,
To carry out this object I provide two pieces of metal or wood A and B fig. 1 and 2
and jointed together like an ordinary two fold rule, having mounted upon or fixed to
the upper portion A in any convenient position a dial box L with two faces one on
either side. The dial is marked in degrees as shewn, and in the centre is a pointer P
suitably weighted on the underside so as to keep the said pointer alway in a vertical
position. To the dial on the reverse side as shown on figures 2 and 5 I affix a
pendant D which is hung at one end as shewn, the weighted portion at the other end
being geared on to or connected with a light pointer or needle for finer adjustments
so that the least movement of the pendant D will deflect the needle E to a considerable
extent.
The dial box L I make double cased to work one within the other so that the dials
may be turned wholly or partly round and so bring the pendant D to any position as
shewn in dotted lines on figure 5 thus making the said pendant equally available for
either vertical or horizontal working.
At the outer end and fixed to the lower piece B I fix a moveable quadrant scale or
gauge graduated to parts of an inch for use in working to given inclines or
gradients. This quadrant is held in position by the thumbscrew and slide M and is
made of any length as may be desired, when not in use the quadrant may be folded
down as shown in figure 2.
Referring now to figures 3 and 4 this shews a modification of the foregoing
apparatus and is intended to be more useful as a pocket instrument. The dial box
pointer and pendant are exactly similar to that shewn in figures 1 and 2 previously
explained, but instead of the dial box L being fixed to the top piece A figure 1 I place
it at one end so as to form the joint between the upper and lower pieces A and B the
said joint being made as shewn on figure 4 with a thumbscrew G to tighten or hold the
upper piece A in any desirable position.
perforate the dial box as shewn on figure 4 to shew the working of the needle E
figure 5. If necessary I fix a quadrant scale or gauge at the end as before described
in figures 1 and 2.
Figures 6 and 7 shew two loose sight pieces which may be placed at each end of
the level for the purpose of taking the difference in levels between any two points, one

page_text: I make with a small sight hole N and the other with a larger hole S. having fine cross
wires or hair as is commonly used for this purpose suitable holes being left in the level
so as to be readily adjusted as shown in figure 3 at a a.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is,―
(1) The apparatus for levelling surfaces substantially as and for the purposes shewn
and described.
(2) The double dial box, and pendant actuating a loose needle substantially as and
for the purposes shewn and described.
(3) The Quadrant scale to the lower piece B substantially as and for the purposes
shewn and described.
(4) The two loose sight pieces substantially as and for the purposes shewn and
described.
Dated this 18th day of February 1887.
JNO. M. PORTER,
St. Andrew's Chambers, Leeds,
Agent for the Applicant.