Improvements in and Apparatus for Regulating the Speed of Dynamos Employed on Railway Trains for Lighting the same.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 29th June, 1887
Complete Left, 29th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 4th May, 1888
Improvements in and Apparatus for Regulating the Speed of
Dynamos Employed on Railway Trains for Lighting the same.
We, JUDAH LEVY YULY, Merchant, of 53 Albert Road Southsea and HERBERT
WALTER ANDREWs, Electrician, of 25 Froddington Road Southsea in the County of
Hamsphire do hereby declare the nature of our invention to be as follows:-
The object of our said invention is to provide a means whereby the speed of a
dynamo machine worked by the rotation of the carriage axle or axles can be altered
to suit the speed at which the train is running, and to automatically switch on the
storage batteries when the train stops or runs too slowly; also to switch the said
batteries off and the dynamo on when the train attains the requisite speed.
According to this invention we place a wide drum on the axle of one pair of wheels
on the guard's van for example; and drive from thence by means of open and crossed
belts on to three pulleys on a countershaft, the centre pulley being keyed to the said
countershaft and the outer pulleys running loose on the same. By means of suitable
belt striking gear the countershaft can be run always in the same direction. To adapt
the speed of the dynamo to the velocity of the train we key to the aforesaid counter-
shaft and to the dynamo axle expanding pulleys. These expanding pulleys have the
bosses by which they are keyed to the shafts formed into conical driving pulleys which
by means of belts drive similar cones but with their conicity the reverse way (i.e. tho
small end of the driven cone opposite the large end of the driver) keyed to short
shafts parallel to the counter-shaft and dynamo shaft or axle; these short shafts have
ordinary driving pulleys keyed to them which by means of belts drive similar sized pulleys
keyed to the sleeves carrying the cog wheels which expand or contract the expanding
pulleys aforesaid. The sleeves carrying the cog wheels or other gear for altering
the diameter of the expanding pulleys run loose on the dynamo shaft and counter-
shaft being kept in gear with their respective pinions by collars or other suitable
means. It will be seen that these cog wheels run at the same speed as the counter-
shaft and dynamo respectively, when the belts are in the middle of the cone pulleys
where the diameters are equal; and by shifting these belts along the cones one way
or the other the bevil cog wheels are made to run faster or slower than their respective
D
077

page_text: expanding pulleys thus setting the pinions in motion and increasing or diminishing
the diameter of the said pulleys thereby keeping the speed of the dynamo practically
constant. Suitable belt striking gear is provided fitted with springs so that when
the hand lever is released the belts immediately go on to the middle of the cones. By
means of the above mechanism the guard or other official responsible for the
lighting of the train is enabled to regulate the speed of the dynamo while the train is
running.
Storage batteries are provided to supply the current to the lights while the train is
stationary or travelling too slowly to work the dynamo, and switches are connected
to a suitable governor (electrical or centrifugal) attached to the dynamo or counter-
shaft so as to disconnect the batteries from and connect the dynamo with the lights
when the speed of the dynamo reaches the requisite number of revolutions and vice
ners when the speed falls owing to the train slackening speed or from other causes. .
Dated this 29th day of June 1887.

page_text: Dynamos Employed on Railway Trains for Lighting the same.
We, JUDAH LEVY YULY, Merchant of 53 Albert Road Southsea, and HERBERT
WALTER ANDREWs, Electrician of 25 Froddington Road Southsea in the County of
Hampshire do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of our said invention is to provide a means whereby the speed of a
dynamo machine worked by the rotation of the carriage axle or axles, can be altered
to suit the speed at which the train is running and to automatically switch on the
storage batteries when the train stops or runs too slowly; also to switch the said.
batteries off and the dynamo on when the train attains the requisite speed.
And in order that our invention may be the better understood we will proceed to
describe the same with reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings in which
Figure 1 represents a cross section through a guards van fitted with dynamo and
apparatus for regulating same constructed according to our invention. Figure 2 is
a longitudinal section. Figure 3 plan of same. Figure 4 plan of switch. Same
letters denote the same parts in all the figures.
According to this invention we place a wide druin A on the axle B of one pair of
wheels CC on a guards van D for example and drive from thence by means of open
and crossed belts E and F on to the pulleys G, H, I, on a countershaft J the pulley H
being keyed to the countershaft J and the pulleys G and I running loose upon the
same. By means of suitable belt striking gear K K the countershaft J can be run
always in the same direction. To adapt the speed of the dynamo to the velocity of
the train we key to the aforesaid countershaft and to the axle of the dynamo L
expanding pulleys M and N respectively. The expanding pulleys we prefer to uso
for this purpose are those constructed according to our own invention and shewn in the
drawing and for which we have applied for Letters Patent No. 9256 bearing date the
twenty ninth day of June 1887 but any other pulley capable of being increased or
diminished in diameter while running may be used.
The expanding pulley M on countershaft J is made with a conical boss O which by
means of a belt P drives a similar cone Q keyed to a short shaft R to which shaft is
keyed also the pulley S which drives by means of the belt T a similar sized pulley U
keyed to a sleeve V (running loose on the shaft J) which is connected with the
expansion mechanism of the pulley M by suitable gearing.
The dynamo shaft W has also keyed to it a pulley X which by means of a belt Y
drives the same sized pulley Z on the sleeve a which sleeve has attached to it the cono
pulley driving a similar cone pulloy c by means of the belt d. The cone c is keyed
to the sleeve which sleeve is also connected with the gearing for operating the
expanding mechanism of the pulley N. When the belts T and d are in the middle

page_text: of their respective cones the sleeves V and e run at the same speed as the countershaft
and dynamo shafts rospectively and the expanding mechanism of the pulleys M and N
remains stationary but if the said belts are moved laterally along the said cones the
sleeves will run faster or slower than their respective expanding pulleys thereby
setting the expanding mechanism in motion and increasing or diminishing the
diameters of the expanding pulleys. To automatically regulate the speed of the
dynamo we provide a suitable governor f acting through the lever g on the clutch /
sliding on a feather key on the screw the wheels run loose on the said screw
j
which also carries two belt, forks for shifting the belts P and along the cone
pulleys.
The wheels and are driven from the shaft J by means of the wheels m m¹ ml and
shaft n or other suitable means. When the speed of the countershaft varies the move-
ment of the governor puts the clutch h in gear with one or other of the wheels j j¹
thus causing the screw i to rotate and move the belts along the cone pulloys (which
are so arranged that when one pulley is expanded the other is contracted and vice
versa) and altering the diameters of the expanding pulleys so keeping the speed of
the dynamo practically constant. To ensure the alteration in diameter of the pulleys
corresponding with the movement of the governor f we connect a lever o to one of
the strap forks said lever being pivotted at p the other end of this lever is connected
to a sliding bar g to which is pivotted the lever g. As the screw revolves the bar
draws the clutch out of gear when the strap forks have moved a distance equal to the
movement of the governor; for example, if the governor has moved half its distance
from the mid position the clutch will be drawn out of gear as soon as the belt forks
have moved half their travel from the mid position and so on. We prefer to fit the
belt striking gear K K with springs so that as soon as released, the belts E and F may
always be thrown on the loose pulleys.
Storage batteries are provided to supply the current to the lights while the train
is stationary or travelling too slowly to work the dynamo and switches s connected
to the governor are inserted in the circuit to disconnect the said batteries from and
connect the dynamo to the lights when the speed of the dynamo reaches the required
number of revolutions and vice versa when the speed is reduced.
One form of switch is shown in Figure 4 which consists of an insulating plate t
fitted with contact pieces 1 2 3 4 5 6 of which 1 and 2 are connected with dynamo,
3 and 4 with batteries and 6 and 5 with lamp circuit. u is dynamo circuit is
battery circuit and we lamp circuit a switch handle.
-
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is―
1. In an apparatus for regulating the speed of dynamos for lighting railway trains
the use of expanding pulleys substantially as described.
2. In an apparatus for regulating the speed of dynamos for lighting railway trains
the combination of the cone pulleys and belts for the purpose specified.
3. The improved apparatus for regulating the speed of dynamos for lighting railway
trains substantially as described with reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings
and operating as specified.
Dated this Twenty-ninth day of March 1888.
BROWNE & Co.,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: Date of Application, 29th June, 1887
Complete Left, 29th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 4th May, 1888
We, JUDAH LEVY YULY of 53 Albert Road Southsea Merchant and HERBERT
WALTER ANDREWs Electrician of 25 Froddington Road Southsea in the County of
Hampshire do hereby declare our invention to be as follows:-
The object of our said invention is to provide a means whereby the diameter of
a driving pulley may be increased or diminished to a greater extent than has been
hitherto attainable.
According to this invention we construct the pulley as follows:-
A face plate similar to that of a latho provided with as many slots as there are
segments in the rim of the pulley, has cast on it the boss to fit the shaft, this boss
being provided with a suitable keyway, moving to or from the centre of the said plate
and in the slots are blocks fitted with suitable screws (said blocks forming nuts for
the screws) provided with cog wheels or pinions at their inner or outer ends,
preferably the former, said pinions gearing with a cog wheel fixed to a sleeve carrying
a hand wheel, which rotates easily on the shaft. On turning the handwheel in one
direction or the other the pinions and screws are rotated, thereby causing the blocks,
to which the segments are attached, to advance towards or recede from the centre
thus decreasing or increasing the diameter of the working face of the pulley. The ends
of the segments may if desired be made with serrated edges to afford a good support
for the belt, the edges being so arranged as to overlap each other when the pulley is
expanded to its fullest extent.
We may also cover the pulley rim with a band or ring of indiarubber or suitable
material fastened to the segments at about their centre by means of rivets or other
suitable means.
To make the variation in dianieter still greater we sometimes affix to the back of the
blocks other detachable arms & segments. If not required these supplementary arms
may be detached from the blocks, brought to the centre and fixed there by means of
bolts, screws or other suitable fastenings, the inner rim can then be expanded or
contracted without affecting the outer one.
BROWNE & Co.,
Agents for Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Expanding Pulleys.
We, JUDAH LEVY YULY of 53 Albert Road, Southsea Merchant, and HERBERT
WALTER ANDREWS, Electrician of 25. Froddington Road, Southsea in the County of
Hampshire do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
sanio is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Our invention has for its object first to provide an expanding pulley the diameter
of which can be increased or diminished to a greater extent than has hitherto been
attainable and second to diminish the wear and tear of the belt driven by the said
pulley by covering the rim of the pulley with some elastic material so as to bridge
over the gaps between the segments forming the rim of the pulley when expanded.
We attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawing
in which Figure 1 represents a front view of the pulley partially expanded, Figure 2
represents a back view of same, Figures 3 and 4 side views partly in section of the
pulley. Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
J
a represents a frame provided with as many slots b as there are segments c in
the rim, working in the slots bare blocks fitted with screws e (said blocks d
forming nuts for the same) provided with bevel cog wheels or pinions at their
inner or outer extremities preferably the former. The bevel pinions gear with
the bevel cog wheel 9 having attached to or cast with it a long boss or sleeve h
to which is keyed the hand wheel k, this boss or sleeve h is bored to fit the
shaft and turns easily upon it. On turning the hand wheel k the bevel wheel
pinions and screws é are rotated also thus causing the segments c attached to
the blocks to advance towards or recede from the centre of the pulley simul-
taneously according to the direction in which the hand wheel is turned, thus
diminishing or increasing the diameter of the working face of the pulley. To avoid
cutting the belt with the edges of the segments we prefer to cover the face of
the pulley with an india rubber ring m fastened by rivets or other suitable means
to the centre of each segment. To increase the diameter of the pulloy still further
than can be done by means of the segment c we attach to the back of the blocks d
other arms and segments p covered with india rubber ring 7 as herein before
stated, when the belt is running on the inner ring or when being used in confined
situations the arms o may be detached from the blocks d and brought into the centro
and held by means of set screws in the holes thus preventing the outer rim from
.being expanded when the inner rim is increased in diameter and vice versa. The
pulley is provided with a boss with suitable keyway for attachment to the shafting.
The screws e revolve in bearings at either end, those at the end nearest to the
centre being provided with capss to permit of their insertion. By means of the
double rim the ratio of alteration of diameter is much greater than is attainable by
any means at present in use; the spaces in existing pulleys between the segments

page_text: becoming too wide to allow of the correct working of the belts when expanded to any
great extent.
If preferred instead of dividing the segments straight across the face as shewn in
Figure 3 we may make the edges serrated as shewn in Figure 4 so as to form a
better support for the india rubber which is shewn removed in the above named
Figure 4.
Also the bevel wheel g may be placed in the position shewn in Figure 4 and secured
from moving out of gear with the pinions by means of the collar .x.
We do not limit ourselves to the exact details of construction shewn in the drawing,
but may when desired, dispense with either rim and when extra strength or width is
necessary use double or even triple arms instead of the single ones shown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In an expanding driving pulley the combination of the plate a segments c and p
blocks & screws e pinious fand wheel hand wheel & india rubber rings m and all
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. The improved expanding driving pulley constructed substantially as set forth.
Dated this Twenty-eighth day of March 1888.