matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVED HYDRAULIC APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd February
1858. A communication from Clément Rostaing, Mechanician, of
Lyons, (France).
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVED HYDRAULIC APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER," to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to a hydraulic moter represented in central vertical
section at Fig. 1, and in plan at Fig. 2. A, reservoir, containing a certain
quantity of water; B, cylinder; C, pipe of communication between reservoir A
and cylinder B; D, stop-cock; E, piston, which by descending closes cock D,
and by rising opens it; G, tank, connected with piston E by a cord P, which
passes over two pullies; H, valve, having a vertical rod and placed at the
lower part of tank G; M, pipe for raising the water from cylinder B into the
upper reservoir; N, valve with which pipe M is furnished; O, upper reservoir;
R, valve, having a vertical rod and supported in reservoir O. Supposing the
parts mounted as indicated by the Drawings, first, the piston E descends,.
causing the water in cylinder B to raise valve N and ascend into reservoir O ;,
the tank G will be raised at the same time by cord P, thereby opening valve R
and filling itself with water from reservoir O. Secondly, supposing tank G to
be filled with water, it then descends and valve R shuts; the tank G by

page_text: descending causes piston E to rise; this latter will open cock D, and con-
sequently the water from reservoir A will fill cylinder B; the water in the
column M will be held back by valve N. When piston E has reached the
highest point of its course, tank G will have descended to the lowest point of
its course; its valve H will be opened by the pressure exerted against the
bottom of reservoir A, consequently the water in tank G will flow into
reservoir A, the piston E again descends, and so on. As the capacity of
cylinder B representing the volume of water raised is greater than the capacity
of tank G, which descends, the reservoir O will be filled; with its aid a turbine
or wheel may be actuated, from which the water again falls into reservoir A,
consequently the same, water, may always be used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MANUFACTURING FILES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis A. Normandy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
November 1858.-A communication.
I, LOUIS A. NORMANDY, Jun", of 67, Judd Street, Brunswick Square,
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MANUFACTURING FILES," being a communication from a foreigner residing
abroad, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of two machines, the first of which replaces the
smith, and the second is intended to cut the files. The first is a species of
rolling mill, between the cylinders of which the blank-files are passed; when
these blank files have passed through the cylinders, which have grooves on their
surface, they are nearly ready to be cut. The same regularity could not be
obtained by hand.
The second machine intended for cutting files consists principally of a slide
rest or carriage, on which the file is placed, and of a small hammer or stamper
which strikes a chisel so as to cut the file. The manner in which the chisel
is raised and the file shifted is shown in the accompanying Drawings.
The principal parts of the machines shown in the Drawings are as follows:―
In Fig. 1: A, rolling mill; B, B, cylinders; C, file; D, apparatus for
drawing the file through the cylinders. In Fig. 2: A, slide rest; B, chisel
holder; C, hammer; D, apparatus for moving the hammer. In Fig. 3: C,
hammer; R, ratchet wheel for regulating the cuts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN KNITTING FRAMES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st October 1858.-A communication from Madame Hammerlin.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E. C., Editor of the Mechanics' Magazine, and Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
KNITTING FRAMES," (a communication from Madame Hammerlin), to be as
follows:-
In this Invention all the parts now forming knitting frames remain, but
the motions thereof are produced mechanically, so as to make them "self-
acting." By a repetition of parts along a frame, a great number of similar
fabrics may be produced at one and the same time.
The driving shaft runs along the front of the frame, and through bevel
gearing, and an inclined connecting shaft motion is communicated to another
shaft with excentrics, which are arranged upon it in such manner as, upon the
revolution of the shaft, to set in motion levers and cams, which in turn
produce all the movements now effected by hand.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC FABRICS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Francois Amblet and
Auguste Polart at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 8th November 1858.
We, JOSEPH FRANCOIS AMBLET and AUGUSTE POLART, both of Amiens, in
the Empire of France, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC FABRICS," to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the production of clastic fabrics, whether of a
silky, woollen, cotton, or mixed texture, suitable for manufacture into boots,
shoes, gaiters, corsets, and other articles of dress or use where elasticity is
desired.
According to this Invention, the fabric, which may be woven of any desired
width, is produced by introducing and incorporating, during the process of
weaving, threads of caouthouc in the direction of the warp, the batten and reed
being so formed and adapted as to receive these elastic threads, which are
carried by a set of bobbins arranged either above or below the fibrous
warp threads, and are woven in therewith by the shoots of weft threads.
The caoutchouc threads being placed either above or below the ordinary
warp will necessarily only be seen on one side of the fabric, which we prefer
to be of a twill pattern. The warp and weft may be of any fibrous material
or combination of fibrous materials capable of being manufactured into

page_text: textile fabrics, and may be either unbleached or dyed before weaving as
required.
The loom employed should be a jacquard or any other similar loom so
mounted as to be capable of producing a twilled fabric.
AN IMPROVED WATERPROOF FABRIC
Year: 1858

page_text: This Invention received rovisional Totection, ouv cace to
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. left by Charles Fréderic Vasserot at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
April 1858. A communication from Jules Joseph de Frey, of Bordeaux,
in the Empire of France.
I, CHARLES FREDERIC VASSEROT, of 45, Essex Street, Strand, London,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED WATERPROOF FABRIC," (a communication from Jules Joseph de Frey,
of Bordeaux, in the Empire of France,) to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to produce a waterproof or impermeable
cloth or fabric, adapted for being employed as a tarpaulin or covering for
waggons and carriages, for tents, for packing goods, and for the various
purposes for which impermeable fabrics are applicable or requisite.
This improved waterproof fabric is obtained by placing a sheet of paper
between two pieces of cloth, and glueing the whole together with glue dissolved
in boiled linseed oil and some collodium. When this is done the fabric may
be varnished or coated in the usual manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR INDICATING STRAINS ON ENGINE ROPES OR CHAINS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Price Struvé at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th September 1858.
I, WILLIAM PRICE STRUVE, of Swansea, in the County of Glamorgan, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR INDICATING STRAINS ON ENGINE ROPES OR CHAINS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for indicating
strains on engine ropes or chains. For these purposes a pulley or sheave is
mounted in a frame, which slides freely in two upright guides. The pulley or
sheave frame has a chain or rope attached to it, which passes over two guide
pulleys, and it has two counterbalance weights attached thereto, by which the
pulley or sheave and the frame are raised. The weights are sufficient to
cause the engine chain or rope (which passes over the sheave or pulley in the
frame) when working at the proper strain to be raised or deflected a few feet
out of the straight line. At the lower and also at the upper part of the upright
guides in which the frame slides is applied a lever, having a wire communi-
cating with a bell. By this combination or arrangement, in the event of the
engine rope or chain being subjected to any excess of strain, whether when the
wagon is ascending or descending the plane, or ceases to pull on the rope, the
bell will be sounded by the frame which carries the sheave coming against the
lower or upper lever.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING FLUIDS, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF COLD
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Bridgman at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th May
1858.
I, JOHN BRIDGMAN, of Hamburgh, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING FLUIDS, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF
COLD," to be as follows:-
My Invention is particularly adapted for facilitating the operations of brewing
and of salting or curing meat in hot weather, but it is also applicable to other
purposes for which a low temperature is required.
For producing a low temperature I employ a mixture of ice with common
salt or other salts, or with an acid or acids, or with salts and acids. I cool
wort or brine or other liquids by passing the cold liquid resulting from the
aforesaid freezing mixtures through tubes or passages immersed in or in con-
tact with the fluid to be cooled. The fluid to be cooled and the cooling liquid
may be made to flow in opposite directions, so as to effect the most complete
interchange of temperature. I also conduct the aforesaid cold liquid through
pipes or passages in or in contact with the wort during its fermentation, or in
or in contact with the brine in which meat is being pickled; and I am thus
enabled to cool these liquids to any temperature required for the operations,
and to keep them at a uniform temperature. I also conduct these and similar

page_text: operations requiring a low temperature, and I store and preserve articles
which require to be kept cool in chambers supplied with air artificially cooled
by causing it to pass through a bubble up through the freezing mixture. The
freezing mixture is placed in a close vessel, with a pipe leading from the top
to the chamber where the cooled air is required, and the air is blown through
tubes or perforations into the freezing mixture, by means of a fan or pump, or
blowing machine; or the vessel may be open at the top, and placed within
the chamber to be cooled. The air thus cooled may be blown through the
brine or other liquids to cool them.
This apparatus and mode of cooling air may also be employed for cooling
the air for ventilating rooms and buildings.
By means of this Invention the operations of brewing and of salting or
pickling or curing meat may be conducted with facility in hot weather. The
ice may be economized by first cooling the air by blowing it through cold
water, and then through a second vessel containing a freezing mixture, which
is nearly exhausted, and then through a third vessel containing a fresh freezing
mixture. When this fresh mixture is nearly exhausted it is used to replenish
the second vessel, and a fresh mixture is introduced into the third vessel.
A NEW METHOD OF SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM LIQUIDS FOR DISINFECTING PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Baptiste Adolphe Dugléré
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th September 1858.
I, JEAN BAPTISTE ADOLPHE DUGLÉRÉ, of Paris, in the Empire of France, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW METHOD OF
SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM LIQUIDS FOR DISINFECTING PURPOSES," to be as follows
(that is to say):-
My Invention, which has reference to a new method of separating solids from
liquids, by which a more perfect and permanent disinfection is obtained than
hitherto, consists in the employment for the above purposes of magnesia salts,
metallic precipitates, and phosphoric and ammoniac acids, the said products
being employed for manure or other useful purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING LEATHER CLOTH
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Rafaello Louis Giandonati at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th December 1858.
I, RAFAELLO LOUIS GIANDONATI, of the firm of Dodge and Giandonati, of
St. Paul's Churchyard, in the City of London, Merchants, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING LEATHER
CLOTH," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the ornamenting of leather cloth by printing
ornamental designs thereon, either in colors, or in metallic powders, or foil,
without any further manipulation or treatment.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR THE PRESERVATION AND COLORING OF Wood
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Bethell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th December
1858.
I, JOHN BETHELL, of No. 8, Parliament Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR THE PRESERVATION AND COLORING OF
Wood," to be as follows:-
In the Specification filed by me to my Patent of Eleventh day of July, One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight, I described my process for preparing
wood by forcing into the pores of the wood, by means of exhaustion and
pressure in closed iron cylinders (now well known and called pressure tanks),
a solution of sulphate of copper, but in the working of these pressure tanks
with solutions of either sulphate of copper, corrosive sublimate, or chloride of
zinc it has been found that the acids very much corrode and destroy the iron
cylinders.
My Invention now is for protecting the iron cylinders so used for preparing
wood from the action of acids by first lining or covering the inside of the
cylinders entirely with sheet lead, or with sheet caoutchouc or gutta percha,
or with very thick solutions of gutta percha or caoutchouc, or any other well-
known waterproof compositions, which would prevent the iron being injured
by the acid solutions, and after the interior of the cylinders are so protected
by the sheet lead, or sheet caoutchouc or gutta percha, or the waterproof
composition as above described, I construct another lining of wood on which

page_text: the pieces of wood are placed, which are introduced into the cylinder for the
purpose of being preserved, and which lining of wood preserves the lining of
lead, &c. from being rubbed off by the pieces of wood.
The process of preparation is now well known, and consists in first exhausting
the air out of the cylinder by means of an air pump, and then forcing the
solution used by means of hydrostatic force pumps into the pores of the wood.
I claim the process above described for preserving and protecting the iron
cylinders now used for the preservation and coloring of wood from the corro-
sive action of acids, and which cylinders so prepared I use with solutions of
sulphate of copper, corrosive sublimate, chloride of zinc, or any other acid
solution that it may be thought desirable to use either for the preservation or
the coloring of wood. The coloring matters are well known, being chiefly the
mineral dye liquors.
I can protect the inside of the iron cylinders by covering them with sheets
of tin, or by depositing on the iron, by means of the electro-plating process,
copper or a mixture of tin and iron, but I prefer protecting them with sheet
lead, as above described.
A NEW SYPHON WATER-WHEEL RECEIVING ITS WATER WITHOUT DESTROYING THE WATER LEVEL
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jozé Luis at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th October
1858. A communication.
I, Joze Luis, of the British & Foreign Office for Patents, No. 1B, Welbeck
Street, Cavendish Sqro, London, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW SYPHON
WATER-WHEEL RECEIVING ITS WATER WITHOUT DESTROYING THE WATER LEVEL,"
(a communication to me from a foreigner now residing abroad,) to be as
follows:-
This new system of water-wheel receives its water without destroying the
level of the water, and has two great advantages, viz.:-1°. The being able to
pass a large quantity of water upon the wheels without their size being very
considerable, about 250 gallons can be passed to each yard wide per second.
2°. To spend the water principally on the small falls, in such a manner as to
obtain a more useful result than that by the present means; thus, in theorie,
if the force be represented at one hundred, the force gained would be sixty to
eighty to each hundred for the falls of ten inches to one yard in height,
& from eighty to ninety-four to cach hundred for those of one to two or
more yards.
The following are the means I employ to cause a large quantity of water to
pass on the wheels, at the same time obtaining as great a result as that
hitherto obtained by any know means:-The wheel must always be of the
largest possible diameter, & have paddles of such a depth as to contain at

page_text: least as much water as is required to produce the result desired, and even
more; & the wheel must be sunk at least to the height at which the water
bathes the paddles. The necessary conditions for a great useful result are:-
1°. That the water passes on the wheel with the least possible destruction of
its level, and that it passes again from the paddles without meeting with the
least resistance, and also without accelerating the velocity in going out.
2nd. That the least possible loss of water takes place in the working
between the race of the wheel and the wheel itself, and that the friction of
the water on the race of the wheel be as small as possible.
8°. That the least possible loss takes place from the friction of the pivots of
the revolving shaft. When the fall of water by its position or elevation does
not permit of giving to the wheel a diameter which presents the paddles to the
surface of the water at about an angle of forty or forty-five degrees, one can
nevertheless, with a diameter scarcely double the fall, take the water with the
paddle presented at the surface of the water passing out in descending at
forty-five degrees, but then the passage of the paddles is quite different.
From what has been said above, it will be seen that my Invention consists
in a water-wheel so arranged as to work without disturbing the level of the
water.
A KIND OF TRAMWAY TO FACILITATE THE LOCOMOTION OF BEDSTEADS
Year: 1858

page_text: vention received Irovisional Irotection,
no
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Frederic Vasserot at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
June 1858. A communication from Antoine Gaud, of Bordeaux,
(Gironde,) in the Empire of France.
I, CHARLES FREDERIC VASSEROT, of 45, Essex Street, Strand, London,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A KIND OF TRAMWAY TO FACILITATE THE LOCOMOTION OF BEDSTEADS," (a com-
munication from Antoine Gaud, of Bordeaux (Gironde), in the Empire of
France.) to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to facilitate the locomotion of bedstends
when placed in bedrooms, and to effect this propose to fix under the casters
a sheet iron band of suitable width, having a small projecting flange on each
side. The two rails are nailed or screwed to the floor. By means of this
arrangement, the bedstead can be moved by the slightest force.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GUN CARRIAGES, AND IN APPARATUS FOR LESSENING RECOIL
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Jacob Tjäder at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th November
1858.
I, CARL JACOB TJÄDER, of Stockholm, in the Kingdom of Sweden, Gentle-
man, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN GUN CARRIAGES, AND IN APPARATUS FOR LESSENING RECOIL," to be as
follows:-
The trunnions of the gun are placed in cast-iron blocks running in grooves.
Before and behind each trunnion a conical spring receives its respective
portion of the recoil or counter recoil. The springs are compressed against the
upright ends of the frame of the carriage, or between two circular iron plates
inside boxes at the said ends of the frame. Before and behind the carriage
pivot a spring receives the secondary recoil and counter recoil. An arrange-
ment of screws acting one within the other is used for the elevation of the
gun, which runs upon a wheel at the top of the innermost of the screws.
propose also to place springs at the parts of a ship's side where the breeching
tackle of the gun is usually fastened, so that the recoil shall be governed and
lessened by the retentive and elastic power of the springs.
I
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INDICATING A RISE OF TEMPERATURE IN CONFINED SPACES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hall at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th July
1858.
I, THOMAS HALL, of Mildmay Park, Islington, in the County of Middlesex,
Bachelor of Arts, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INDICATING A RISE OF TEMPERATURE IN CONFINED
SPACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel means of ascertaining and indicating the
rise of temperature in confined spaces, caused by spontaneous combustion or
otherwise, it being particularly applicable to ships, warehouses, and other
buildings. To this end I employ an air tube, or a system of air tubes closed
at one end, and connected at their open end to a tube in direct communi-
cation with a mercurial or fluid indicator, which must be conveniently
situated for inspection. I provide suitable stop-cocks for cutting off the
connection between the air tubes and the fluid indicator, and I prefer to forni
the fluid indicator of a syphon tube, the longer limb of which is open to the
atmosphere. This apparatus will form, in fact, an air chamber, the only
opening into or from which is by means of the small tube which terminates in
the indicator.
As the fluid in the indicator closes this opening, so long as

page_text: there is no increase of temperature in the cabin or hold (or other place where
the above-mentioned chamber is fixed) the fluid remains stationary, but when
from any cause the temperature of the apartment increases, the confined air
will expand and cause the mercury or other fluid in the syphon to rise, and
shew on the graduated scale of the indicator a close approximation to the
temperature of the apartment.
The apparatus can be so arranged that when several parts of the same ship
or warehouse are required to be protected, the indicator will show not only
that there is a necessity for immediate inspection of some part, but point out
also the precise place of danger. The indicator may, if required, be made
entirely of metal, with a hand traversing on a dial, although the simple form,
as above described; seems more desirable. By means of a small force pump
attached to the apparatus its efficiency can at any moment be tested without
disturbing or interfering in any way with the fittings.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GALVANIC BATTERIES
Year: 1858

page_text: www wwww
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application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jules Erckmann at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th April
1858.
I, JULES ERCKMANN, of Rue Faubourg St. Honoré, Paris, in the Empire of
France, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GALVANIC BATTERIES," to be as follows:-
I apply to the metallic elements of a battery a motion whereby each pair of
plates are alternately fully immersed, and then for the most part withdrawn
from the liquids of the battery and exposed to the air.
This I effect by any suitable mechanism, and at the same time while so im-
parting motion to the plates of the battery, I also apply brushes of reed, horse-
hair, or other suitable material, whereby the surfaces of the plates are cleansed
of any deposits that may be left thereon in the battery. The rising and
lowering motion to plunge and remove the plates into and from the liquids of
the battery also serve for scrubbing them against the brushes, or a separate
additional motion may be communicated to the brushes; thus clear surfaces
of metal are at all times presented to the action of the liquid of the battery,
whereby powerful currents of electricity are at all times generated. Such
currents can be used for transmitting intelligence through wires uninsulated,
or through the earth or water, as also for producing the electric light or
motive power.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS, SHOES, AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE FEET
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Archibald Neilson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th May 1858.
I, ARCHIBALD NEILSON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Spirit Dealer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS, SHOES, AND OTHER COVERINGS
FOR THE FEET," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of boots, shoes, and other
coverings for the feet, with gutta percha or gutta percha composition soles, or
moulded soles of other materials. The main portion of the apparatus used in
carrying out this Invention consists of a metal or other sole plate of the
dimensions suitable for a shoe sole. The upper face of this sole plate is formed
to a fine surface, corresponding to the face of the intended sole and heel to be
moulded. This sole face is channelled all round the contour of the sole, for
the purpose of receiving a corresponding frame of metal hinged at one end to
the sole plate, and in one or more pieces, as may be convenient. This frame
has upon its upper face an angle or ledge piece for forming the seam at the
junction of the sole with the "upper" of the boot or shoe, whilst its main inside
edge face shapes the external contour of the sole edge. In proceeding to
mould and attach soles in this way, the operator takes the lasted boot, and
having deposited a sufficient quantity of the solution or softened gutta percha
upon the face of the sole plate, he places the lasted "upper" down upon it,

page_text: and then shuts down the open moulding frame. This at once moulds the sole
and firmly attaches it to the edges of the lasted leather, and completes the
operation. If required, the heel portion may also have an open moulding
frame, but this is not essential.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MOWING MACHINERY
Year: 1858

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Green at the Office of the
. Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th February
1858.
I, THOMAS GREEN, of Leeds, Mowing Machine Maker, do hereby declare
the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOWING MACHINERY," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object certain improvements in mowing machines,
and such improvements consist in having two swivel wheels in front and one
swivel wheel behind, and these wheels work and turn similarly to castors;
also, two levers instead of one, and two catches instead of one, as heretofore.
These catches are fixed to the two drums instead of to the driving wheels, as
heretofore. The drums are loose on the shaft instead of being fast, so that
with a spring to keep the levers in their proper places the catches are self-
acting, and the drums will turn either way, and with the advantage of the front
and back swivel wheels the machine will turn much more easily, and will mow
close round the smallest.shrub or plant. The object of the back swivel wheel
is to keep the machine steady when mowing verges and similar surfaces.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Laing at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st September
1858.
I, SAMUEL LAING, of Millwall, Poplar, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said 'Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction and arrangement of retorts,
and of the apparatus for working such retorts, employed for the distillation of
coal and other materials used for gas making.
The Invention consists in forming retorts of a barrel shape of a suitable
Jength and diameter, the interior having several ribs around its circumference,
the said ribs running through the barrel longitudinally; but, instead of being in
a straight line parallel with the axis of rotation, it is preferred to set them or
form them at an angle from each end, by which the materials are caused in
their rotation to move or collect towards the center part of the barrel, whilst
the tar is by this means also collected from the ends at the center, and being
carried over is caused to fall on the hotest part of the retort. The front end
or mouth of the retort is formed with a flange to receive a cover for charging
or discharging the retort, and behind the flange the retort is suitably formed
for revolving upon friction bearing wheels or rollers, and a cast-iron throat
plate is suitably formed so as to surround and fit accurately the throat of the
retort, and prevent the escape of the flame and smoke from the oven furnace,
and exclude the indraft of cold air. It is preferred to contract the back end

page_text: of the retort, and reduce the area of the passage way to a size sufficient to
permit the free escape of the gas; and beyond the contracted portion inserted
in the brickwork, a suitable bearing is provided, which also works upon
friction bearing wheels or rollers, beyond which bearing a tangent wheel may
be keyed on or otherwise secured, and by means of a water gland, the stand
pipe elbow fitted within the gland or stuffing box receives the gas from the
back end of the retort, and is kept cool whilst the retort is caused to revolve
by means of a worm or screw working into the tangent wheel.
The interior of the contracted portion of the back end of the retort may be
lined with fire clay, and the enlargement for the gland may be cast on or form
part of the retort, or may be cast separate and afterwards attached.
Retorts according to this Invention are charged and discharged from the
mouth in the ordinary way, whilst the gas is discharged or withdrawn at the
opposite end by means of a stand pipe, the lower end of which works in a
gland, and the upper end of stand pipe being connected with the cooling and
purifying apparatus.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING THE SURFACES OF JAPANNED GOODS, AND WHICH SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE ORNAMENTING OF CERTAIN OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Loach and John Cox at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
1st December 1858.
We, JOHN LOACH, Japanner, and JOHN Cox, Electro-plater, both of Bir-
mingham, in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING THE SURFACES OF
JAPANNED GOODS, AND WHICH SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE
ORNAMENTING OF CERTAIN OTHER SURFACES," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
Our improvements consist in forming ornaments from pieces or scraps of
perforated zinc or other metal placed together so as to form the ornament
desired, whether on a round, curved, or flat surface, and over this we purpose
laying on (in a sufficient number of coats), black japan or other coloured paint
of sufficient thickness as to completely imbed such metal ornament, and after
the usual process of drying or stoving, the whole must be rubbed down and
polished with pumice and rottenstone, or other suitable material, when the
metallic ornament will be beautifully defined by the contrast of its bright
surface with the ground on which it is inlaid. In this state we paint certain
parts of the metal ornament with various transparent colours, which being
laid on the bright metallic ground, gives to the general metallic portion the
appearance of tinsel work, to be further ornamented by pencilling on gold
or other tracery scrolls or other ornaments. The whole to be protected by
varnish, and handed up in the usual way.

page_text: The advantages of such mode of ornamenting are its general inexpensiveness
and its durability, for the more it is rubbed the better and brighter it will
appear. Not that we are compelled in every instance to work on prepared or
painted ground, as such kinds of ornaments may with suitable pressure be pressed
into the fronts of drawer and other hard wood knobs, and such like articles,
provided such ornaments are applied on the endway of the woodwork of which
the article may be made that may be desired to be so ornamented.
We will not pretend to name the endless variety of articles to which this
mode of ornamenting is applicable, for it is only by diversifying the metal
device to make it susceptible of an antique or modern character, such as may
be suitable for ornamenting the friezes, trusses, and pilasters of enamelled
chimney pieces, tops, and other parts of japan tables, and a variety of such like
articles, pillars of metallic bedsteads, fronts of japan and hardwood knobs,
cotton reels, &c., &c.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAVELLING BAGS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Abraham Lyons at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th December
1858.
I, ABRAHAM LYONS, of the firm of Jacob Lyons and Sons, of Finsbury, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAVELLING BAGS," to be as follows (that is to say):-
My Invention, which has for its object the manufacture of improved
travelling bags, by which additional room may be obtained and the bags
rendered available as serviceable cushions for the seats of railway or other
conveyances, consists inuniting two bags or similar receptacles side by side
through the medium of a double frame mouth or opening, the said frame
being formed of three parallel bars secured at the ends by link or spring
movements, which admit of the bags, when attached thereto by sewing or
otherwise, being opened or closed, as also allow one of the bags to be turned
up and placed at right angles with the other, by which a cushion to the seat
and back of the conveyance is formed, the said double frame mouth or
opening being provided with suitable handles for carrying the bags, which are
suspended from the same, and furnished with a two-way key hole lock for
securing the mouths thereof.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF SPRING FOR RESISTING SUDDEN AND CONTINUOUS PRESSURE
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Dyson, Edwin Wilkinson
Shirt, and Henry Shirt at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 20th January 1858.
We, JOHN DYSON, EDWIN WILKINSON SHIRT, and HENRY SHIRT, trading.
under the style or firm of Dyson, Shirt, and Company, Steel Rollers, of Tinsley
Works, near Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF SPRING FOR RESISTING
SUDDEN AND CONTINUOUS PRESSURE," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the combination of plates of steel to moderate
and neutralize the effect of concussion or pressure. We employ a box or
receiver in which are fitted a series of segmental and straight plates hardened
and tempered. They are placed alternately, with the extremities of two
curved plates bearing against an intermediate straight plate, and the convex
surface of the outer curved plate in contact with the convex surface of another.
The next of the series consisting of two curved plates, with an intermediate
straight or chord plate, against which the extremities bear. The thickness of
the plates diminish from the framework or point of ultimate resistance-to the
outer plate of the series or point where the pressure is first applied, the outer
plates yielding with comparatively little pressure. The plates employed may
be elongated, square, or polygonal, presenting two or more points of contact
at the extremities.
Our Invention may be used for buffer or bearing springs, or for other
purposes, to moderate the force of concussion or pressure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORGING IRON
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Dobson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th April
1858.
I, THOMAS DOBSON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Engine
Smith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORGING IRON," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
machinery or apparatus for forging of iron, so as to supersede to a great extent
the use of sledge hammers in heavy forgings, which machinery is equally
applicable to the forging of bolts and heavy ironwork.
The apparatus consists of two upright frames or cheeks, between which the
hammer helve vibrates, being fixed on a centre or shaft in the rear of
the frames. Two horizontal slots are formed in the frame, to allow of slide
blocks working in them, for the purpose of carrying the ends of a transverse
shaft, on which is fixed a pulley, fly wheel, and double cam for raising the
hammer; this shaft is moved backward or forward in a horizontal direction
by means of a screw or lever and quadrant fixed to the back plate of the
machine, and connected to the slide blocks by suitable links, in order to bring
the cam shaft nearer to or farther from the fulcrum of the hammer helve, so
as to regulate the fall of the hammer, and consequently the force of blow
to be given.
In order to bring the hammer directly over any part of the anvil or block
where it may be required, a screw or lever and quadrant is fixed to the

page_text: bed plate of the machine, and connected by suitable links to the back plate.
The frames or cheeks being grooved on the under side, the whole machine is
capable of being slid to and fro on projections cast on the bed corresponding
with the grooves above mentioned; the bed plate may be either bolted down
to the floor of the shop or placed on wheels, so as to be easily removed from
one anvil to another. The machine may be driven from any suitable shafting
by means of a strap passing over the pulley before mentioned, and the hammer
may be thrown out of gear by being lifted out of the reach of the cam by a
stop worked by a hand lever from the hind part of the machine, or a loose
pulley may be placed on the cam shaft, and the strap guided on to it in the
ordinary manner.
In order to increase the force of the blow, a spring is placed above the
hammer helve which is compressed by being raised, and when the hammer is
released from the cam it falls with greater force than from gravity alone.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY CHAIRS AND RAILS, AND IN THE MODE OF FIXING THE SAME
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Francis Colfs Heyne at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th December 1858.
I, JOHN FRANCIS COLFS HEYNE, of Antwerp, in the Kingdom of Belgium,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
RAILWAY CHAIRS AND RAILS, AND IN THE MODE OF FIXING THE SAME," to be as
follows, (that is to say):-
My Invention, which has reference to an improved form and construction
of railway chair and rail, and the mode of fixing the same, with the view to
increase the solidity and durability of the permanent way of railways, consists
in shaping longitudinally the inner surface of the rails or metals so as to present
a transverse curvilinear concavity to the back of the chair, which is also shaped
in similar manner for receiving the same, whilst the outer surface of the rail is
provided with suitable key plates fitting closely within the ordinary channel or
groove of the same, and the whole secured together through the medium of
bolts and nuts, by which arrangement the rails or metals on being worn out
and flattened at the upper face or portion thereof may be taken out and
reversed with greater advantage than at present, a key way and key being
employed in connection with the seat of the chair for tightening or wedging the
rail, when required, together with a double surface chair, and tightening bolts
at the joint or juncture of the rails.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TOBACCO PIPES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Mead at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th September
1858.
I, GEORGE MEAD, of Number 7, West Side, Cambridge Road, Bethnal
Green, in the County of Middlesex, Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TOBACCO
PIPES," to be as follows:-
The bowl of the pipe is constructed with an internal reservoir for the
reception of the tobacco, such reservoir communicating by means of a suitable
aperture at the lower part thereof with a chamber at the bottom of the bowl,
the said chamber extending also between the internal surface of the bowl and
the exterior of the said reservoir, which latter is united to the bowl at the
upper part thereof.
The pipe or tube, through which the smoke is inhaled, is so placed as to
open into the upper part of the said chamber between the bowl and the
internal reservoir, the effect of this arrangement being that the oil resulting
from the combustion of the tobacco descends through the said aperture in the
reservoir containing it into the lower part of the said chamber, when, if the
bowl be constructed of clay suitable for that purpose, the oil will be absorbed
by the bowl, thus colouring the latter, and rendering the smoke cool and
agreeable to the person using the pipe.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CHRONOMETERS, WATCHES, AND SUCH LIKE TIMEKEEPERS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Wieland at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th October
1858.
I, CHARLES WIELAND, of Warkworth Terrace, Commercial Road, Lime-
house, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CHRONOMETERS, WATCHES, AND SUCH
LIKE TIMEKEEPERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the balances of chronometers, watches, and such
like timekeepers, and the principle of construction of this improved balance
consists in this:-Instead of making the rim of the balance divided, as
heretofore practised, the rim is proposed to be made of one entire piece of
metal, and to the bar and rim of such said improved balance the following
parts are connected for giving the compensating property thereto, namely, two
curved pieces of two different kinds of metal connected together in the usual
way of uniting metals together in the manufacture of compensation balances,
so as to combine and render useful the expanding and contracting properties
of these metals. It is to be understood, that there is nothing new in com-
bining two opposite metals together in the construction of the balances of
chronometers; but the novelty of this Invention consists in the manner in
which the aforesaid pieces of metal are connected to and operate upon the
balance, for the purpose of correcting or considerably diminishing the errors
of chronometer balances, as heretofore constructed. This it is proposed to
effect by affixing one end of each of such said compound curved pieces of

page_text: metal to the rim of the balance, and causing the other end of such said pieces
to take hold of one end of two vibrating levers, whose fulcra are pins fixed in
the bar of the balance, equidistant from the centre thereof. Upon the outer
end of each of the aforesaid vibrating levers a small weight is placed, and
capable of being adjusted thereon. The effect of thus constructing the
balance is as follows:-The expansion of the aforesaid curved compensating
pieces moves those ends of the vibrating levers to which they are connected in
one direction, and the contraction of such said curved pieces moves the said
levers in an opposite direction, but both in expansion and contraction the
weights move towards the centre of the balance.
By this Invention the balance requires less steel in its construction than
ordinary balances, by which the effect of magnetic influence thereon is con-
siderably diminished. The truth of the balance is maintained during all
changes of temperature, and it is easily regulated and adjusted for extreme
points of temperature.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED AS A FIRE ESCAPE, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Taylor at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th September
1858.
I, SAMUEL TAYLOR, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic, do
hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS TO BE USED AS A FIRE ESCAPE, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO
APPLICABLE TO OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the application, employment, and use for the
above-named purposes, of a well-known arrangement or system of levers,
which, when suitably hinged and jointed, are commonly called "lazy-tongs."
This arrangement or system of levers I form or construct as ladders, with
open spaces and cross rails for the feet, and they are so arranged that when
the system of levers are extended to their full height, one continuous ladder is
formed by the corresponding junction or meeting of their extremities.
This apparatus is mounted upon a carriage with running wheels and shafts,
and may be drawn by a horse or by hand across the framing of the carriage.
A double-threaded screw is arranged in bearings at each end, one half of this
screw being "right-handed," and the other half of the same being "left-
handed," and at the lowest end of each of the first set of the levers of the
"lazy-tongs," a nut or internal screw is provided, and fitting upon the
horizontal screwed cross shaft, so that when the system of levers or "lazy-
tongs" are in a contracted state, or out of use, these nuts on the lever ends
are at each extremity of the screws, and upon the application of a winch or

page_text: crank as the screw is turned round, the nut and the extremities of the lowest
levers will gradually approach the middle of the screwed shaft, and thus extend
the whole system of levers or "lazy-tongs" until they attain the full height to
which they may be constructed when in an extended state or position, and the
upper pair of the system of levers may thus be projected immediately to any
height which may be required. The upper part of the apparatus is furnished
with a pair of light wheels to facilitate its being run up the side of a building,
&c.; and it is also provided with a pair of pulleys or blocks to wind up a
basket or other convenient receptacle when required, and a canvas or other
bag or tube may also be attached and run up either in connection with the
"lazy-tongs" or separately by the pulleys, as desired.