IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Clayton Mewburn, of 169, Fleet Street, in the City
of London, Patent Agent and Consulting Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS." A communication from abroad by Alexander
Friedmann, of Vienna, Austria, Engineer.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said John Clayton Mewburn at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th December 1877.
JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN, of 169, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent and Consulting Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS." A communication
from abroad by Alexander Friedmann, of Vienna, Austria, Engineer.
The Invention consists of improvements in the nozzles of the injectors, which
are generally known by the name of "Friedmann's Injectors."
These improvements are shewn in Figures 1, 2, and 3, of the annexed Drawings,
and will be clearly understood by comparing these Figures which shew the improved
injectors, with Figure 5, which shews in horizontal section a Friedmann injector for
supplying boilers as hitherto constructed.
The following is the arrangement of the old Friedmann injector for feeding
boilers which is generally known. There is an intermediate nozzle z placed between
the steam nozzle a and the condensing funnel c, which causes the jet of water
entering through the feed pipe w to be divided in such a manner that the first
portion of it reaches the driving jet at m between the steam nozzle a and the inter-
mediate nozzle z, while the second portion passes through the opening n between
the intermediate nozzle and the condensing funnel c. Now in the improved
injectors for feeding boilers the intermediate nozzle is in the first place differently
arranged. It does not cause the stream of water to be divided as in the old injector
but causes the whole water to reach the driving jet between the steam nozzle a and
the intermediate nozzles only. For the upper part of the intermediate nozzle 2,
either fits closely against the inner circumference of the injector casing, as shown in
Din S31
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page_text: Figures 1 and 2, or is, as in Figure 3, cast in one piece with the casing, so that, as
Figure 1 shews clearly, a' sort of reservoir is forined round the space where the
intermediate nozzle is connected with -the condensing funnel c, and this reservoir
is closed against the water. About the middle of the length of the condensing
funnel c, a hole o is drilled, which communicates with the space i on the same side
as the overflow valve v This space i is, as shewn clearly by Figure 1b, formed by
the external surface of the condensing funnel, the inner surface of the body k of the
injector, the ribs r, r, of the condensing funnel, and the diaphragm d, which last
divides the point u, where the jet shoots into the receiving nozzle from the-space i,
and is so situated with respect to the overflow valve v, that water can flow to the
valve v both from the space i and from u.
by
By the combination of the modifications above described, viz., by closing the
intermediate nozzle against the injector casing and formation of the space
drilling the hole o in the condensing funnel, and of the formation of the space i by
means of the diaphragm d, the injector can supply extremely hot water, much hotter
than the old injector shewn by Figure 5; and therefore each of these alterations
separately, but more particularly all of them together, are a great improvement in
the apparatus.
Figure 2 shows an improvement on Figure 1, the two spaces and i communi-
cating with each other in Figure 2, which they do not in Figure 1.
The improvement consists in the condensing funnel not fitting closely to the
circumference of the injector casing as it does in Figure 1, thus protecting it against
the possibility of bursting in winter in consequence of frost.
Figure 3 represents a modification of Figure 2, which has the disadvantage of
diminishing the space 2, which should be as large as possible, but has on the other
hand the advantage of greater simplicity, as the intermediate nozzle z is cast in one
piece with the injector casing.
It is best to cast the diaphragm d of Figures 1, 2, and 3, in one piece with the
condensing funnel c, but they can also be fitted together, or the diaphragm can be
cast in one piece with the casing k.
The formation of the above-mentioned space i is, as already stated, of great
advantage for the working of the injector, but if it be particularly desired to use
the patterns of the old injectors shown in Figure 5, an important improvement can
still be made in them, even if the space i be not formed, by closing the intermediate
nozzle, and thus forming the space r, as shewn in Figure 4, and drilling a hole o in
the condensing funnel, which communicates directly with the overflow valve v.
Thus an injector constructed according to Figures 1, 2, or 3, but without the
diaphragm d, would not work as well as with the diaphragm, but in consequence of
the intermediate nozzle being closed, and also the hole o being bored, that is, in
consequence of the co-existence of the spacer and the hole o in the condensing
funnel, it would still work better than the old injectors.
I claim as the present Invention of "Improvements in Injectors,”—
First. Constructing injectors as herein-before described, in which there is an
intermediate pipe between the condensing funnel and the steam nozzle, which is so
arranged that a spacer is formed between the intermediate pipe and the condensing
funnel, which space is closed against the water entering the injector, a hole being
made in the condensing funnel about the middle of its length, which is situated on
the same side as the overflow valve, and communicates with a space i, which last is
separated by a diaphragm from the point where the steam jet issues.
Second. Constructing injectors as herein-before described, in which there is an
intermediate pipe between the condensing funnel and the steam nozzle, which is so
arranged that a space r is formed between the intermediate pipe and the condensing
funnel, which space is closed against the water entering the injector, a hole o being
made in the condensing funnel, which communicates directly with the space of the
overflow valve.
Third. Constructing injectors as herein-before described, in which there is an

page_text: intermediate pipe between the condensing funnel and the steam nozzle, which is so
arranged that a spacer is formed between the intermediate pipe and the condensing
funnel, which space is closed against the water entering the injector, a hole o being
bored preferably about the middle of the condensing funnel.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Clayton Mewburn, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of December, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-seven.
J. C. MEWBURN. (LS)