IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEELS TO BE USED ON RAILWAYS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Philip Chaplin, of Harlow, in the County of Essex,
Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEELS TO BE USED
ON RAILWAYS." -A communication from abroad by Alexander Peyman
and John Thomas Chaplin, both of Dunedin, in the Colony of New
Zealand.
Sealed the 30th August 1870, and dated the 8th July 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Philip Chaplin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th July 1870.
I, PHILIP CHAPLIN, of Harlow, in the County of Essex, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WHEELS TO BE USED ON RAILWAYS," (a communication to me from abroad
by Alexander Peyman and. John Thomas Chaplin, both of Dunedin, in
the Colony of New Zealand), to be as follows:-
This Invention relates exclusively to wheels intended to be used on
railways, and consists in the adaptation and application of vulcanized
india-rubber bands to the tyres of locomotive engine wheels and railway
carriage and truck wheels generally.
The object of the Invention is to increase the tractive power and
diminish the weight of locomotive engines in proportion to such-power,
also to effect a saving in wear and tear of iron rails, and to prevent
jolting, jarring, and noise while passing over a line of railway. For

page_text: this purpose is employed a strong endless band of vulcanized india-rubber,
of the full width of the tyre of the driving wheels of locomotive engines
or other wheels used on railway rolling stock from the inner side of the
ordinary flange to the outer face of the tyre, and of such a thickness as
will be regulated by.the weight of the engine, carriage, or truck mounted
on such wheels, but in no case less than two inches thick when in
position. The diameter of the said vulcanized india-rubber band should
be so much less than the diameter of the wheel to which it is to be
applied as to require considerable force in order to stretch it to the
circumference of the tyre over which it is to be fixed. The inner or
clasping side of the band is previously coated over with hydraulic cement
or other suitable adhesive material, by means of which it is permanently
secured in its place. Segmental pieces of hard tough wood or metal
are also secured by screws or otherwise to the outer face of the tyre so
as to confine the band of vulcanized india-rubber laterally between the
said segmental pieces and the flange of the wheel, such segmental
pieces being of a little less radius than the outer circle of the band.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions. of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Philip Chaplin in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 13th October 1870..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PHILIP
CHAPLIN, of Harlow, in the County of Essex, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Philip Chaplin, Her special licence
that I, the said Philip Chaplin, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Philip Chaplin, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEELS TO
BE USED ON RAILWAYS," being a communication to me from abroad by

page_text: +
Alexander Peyman and John Thomas Chaplin, both of Dunedin, in the
Colony of New Zealand, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Philip Chaplin, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Philip Chaplin, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawings .hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say):
"
This Invention of "Improvements in Wheels to be used on Railways
relates exclusively to wheels intended to be used on railways; and
consists in the adaptation and application of vulcanized india-rubber
bands to the tyres of locomotive engine wheels and railway carriage and
truck wheels generally.
The object of the Invention is to increase the tractive power and
diminish the weight of locomotive engines in proportion to such power,
also to effect a saving in wear and tear of iron rails, and to prevent
jolting, jarring, and noise while passing over a line of railway. For this
purpose is employed a strong endless band of vulcanised india-rubber, of
the full width of the tyre of the driving wheels of locomotive engines
or other wheels used on railway rolling stock, from the inner side of the
ordinary flange to the outer face of the tyre, and of such a thickness as
will be regulated by the weight of the engine, carriage, or truck mounted
on such wheels, but in no case less than two inches when in position.
The diameter of the said vulcanised india-rubber band should be so
much less than the diameter of the wheel to which it is to be applied
as to require considerable force in order to stretch it to the circum-
ference of the tyre over which it is to be fixed. The inner or clasping
side of the band is previously coated over with hydraulic cement or other
suitable adhesive material by means of which it is permanently secured
in its place. Segmental pieces of hard tough wood or metal (but wood
by preference) are also securely fixed by screws or otherwise to the outer

page_text: face of the tyre so as to confine the band of vulcanised india-rubber
laterally between the said segmentál pieces and the flange of the wheel,
such segmental pieces being of less radius than the outer circle of the
band so as to leave exposed or unconfined on the outer edge thereof not
more than one-third of the thickness of the said band.
In order, however, that the said Invention may be fully understood
and readily carried into effect, I will describe it more particularly by
reference to the accompanying Drawings, in which Fig. 1 represents in
side elevation, and Fig. 2 in edge view a railway wheel constructed in
the manner above referred to.
a is the strong endless band of vulcanised india-rubber of the full
width of the tyre, which band is confined laterally between the ordinary
flange of the wheel and the segmental pieces of tough hard wood or of
metal c, c, firmly secured by screws or otherwise to the outer face of the
tyre as shewn, such segmental pieces being of less radius than the outer
circle of the said band, the dotted surface on Fig. 1 indicating the outer
portion of the band intended to be left exposed or unconfined. By
applying the band to the tyre in this manner so as to confine it laterally
its e Isticity is limited as required.
.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention communicated
to me from abroad as aforesaid, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, I hereby declare that what I claim as the said Invention is,
the adaptation and application of vulcanised india-rubber bands to the
tyres of wheels to be used on railways in the manner and for the purpose
or purposes described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Philip Chaplin, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Tenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
J. H. HOWARD,
9, Quality Court, -
Chancery Lane,
Solicitor.
PHILIP CHAPLIN. (L.S.)