Improved Machinery for Making Horse-nail Blanks.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 6th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 13th Sept., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Machinery for Making Horse-nail Blanks.
I, CONSTANT BEJOT of 23 Boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris, France, Manufacturer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the construction of machinery for making horse nail blanks
whereby the ordinary round rod-iron for forming the nails is reduced in thickness
along any desired length by the usual means of four opposite pressure dies, but in
which the pressures are effected by repeated actions on one and the same part, after
which the rod is rapidly advanced a certain distance so as to leave a part which is not
reduced by pressure, and which serves to form the head, the object being to produce
horse nails of a very large size. The machine is constructed as follows for this
purpose. The pressure dies are operated in the usual manner by a cam on the driving
shaft and a powerful lever. The iron rod from which the blanks are to be formed is
carried by a sliding block having a gripping jaw which grips the rod at the forward
motion of the block and leaves it free at the backward motion, so that the rod remains
stationary during that time, when it is acted upon by the dies. The forward motion
of the block is effected by a cam on the driving shaft while the backward motion is
effected by a spring, and these movements are so arranged that the block first makes
a short stroke for feeding the length of rod between the pressing dies and then a
longer stroke for carrying forward the rod a distance equal to the part operated upon
plus a portion not to be operated upon which constitutes the head.
For effecting these operations the sliding block has pivotted to its side a jaw with a
gripping edge by which it can grip the rod between it and the block. This jaw has a
horizontally projecting pin against the side of which acts a lever actuated by a cam on
driving shaft, so that at the required moment for feeding forward the rod, the lever in
pressing against the said stud, first causes the jaw to grip the rod and then pushes the
block forward so as to feed the rod into the dies; the lever then liberates the jaw and
block, and this is drawn back by its spring, leaving the rod in its advanced position.
The extent of such backward motion is limited by a vertically sliding stop which is so
actuated by a tappet on a countershaft driven from the main shaft through pitch
wheels and an endless pitch chain, that at one stroke of the block this stop is presented
in the path of its rearward motion and thus limits its back stroke, so that the following
forward stroke is only a short one, while at the next back stroke of the block, the stop
is raised out of its path by a tappet, thus allowing it to be moved back by the spring
a greater distance than at the first backstroke. Instead of employing a vertically
sliding stop, a horizontally advancing and receding one may be employed, the way
shaft being made to push the stop forward by a cam or arm at the one stroke, and the
stop being drawn back by a spring against a screw abutment at the following stroke.
By making the stroke of the cam or arm adjustable and also by adjusting the screw
abutment, the motion of the stop and consequently that of the sliding block can be
varied for varying the length of the nails.
Dated this 18th day of November 1889.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Machinery for Making Horse-nail Blanks.
I, CONSTANT BEJOT of 23 Boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris, France, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to the construction of machinery for making horse nail blanks,
whereby the ordinary round rod iron for forming the nails is reduced in thickness
along any desired length by the usual means of four opposite pressure dies, but in
which the pressures are effected by repeated actions on successive parts, after which
the rod is rapidly advanced a certain distance, so as to leave a part which is not
reduced by pressure, and which serves to form the head, the object being to produce
horse nails of a very large size. The machine is constructed as follows for this
purpose. The pressure dies are operated in the usual manner by a cam on the driving
shaft and a powerful lever. The iron rod from which the blanks are to be formed is
carried by a sliding block having a gripping jaw, which grips the rod at the forward
motion of the block, and leaves it free at the backward motion, so that the rod remains
stationary during that time, when it is acted upon by the dies. The forward motion
of the block is effected by a cam on the driving shaft while the backward motion is
effected by a spring, and these movements are so arranged that the block first makes a
short stroke for feeding the length of rod between the pressing dies, and then a longer
stroke for carrying forward the rod a distance equal to the part operated upon, plus a
portion not to be operated upon, which constitutes the head.
The construction and working of the improved machine will be readily understood
on reference to the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 shews a side elevation.
Figure 2 a plan.
Figure 3 shews an iron rod formed into blanks.
Figures 4 and 5 shew to an enlarged scale an elevation and plan of the construction
of the feed block mechanism.
The framing X carries the driving shaft C having fast and loose pullies P P, and a
fly wheel V.
R is the reducing apparatus of known construction, the four pressures being effected
by means of the lever A, which carries at its end a roller D on which acts a cam B.
The lever M effects the advance of the feed block M by means of a cam on the
driving shaft. The lever M' effects the motion of the feed block only in the
direction of the arrow Figure 5 as the lever recedes from its abutment a on
the block, on the backward motion. H is a fixed abutment which limits the
motion of the feed block at each stroke of the lever. The feed block is brought
back again at the end of each stroke by a helical spring R connected at one end
to a stud on the block and at the other end to a hook on the framing.
In the movement in the direction of the arrow x, the lever M' acting on the
stud a of the block M tends to cause the part p to turn upon its pivot b so that
the tooth c bears upon the iron rod f, and in thus gripping it, causes it to move
forward with the block. On the backward motion of the block, the tooth loosens
its grip, thus allowing the rod f to remain in position until, on the commencement
of the next forward motion it again grips the rod. For the purposes of my
invention, the first forward motion of the block M and rod f is made shorter than
the second one. For this purpose the backward motion of the block after the
second stroke is limited by introducing between the rear end thereof, and the rear
abutment, a vertically sliding piece K which at the end of the first forward stroke
is raised up out of the way by the cam L on the shaft Z so that the block M
can be drawn back the full stroke to the abutment N, and consequently at the
next forward stroke the block M feeds the rod f forward through a greater

page_text: distance. By this increased motion the length of rod required to form the head
of the nail is moved beyond the reach of the swaging dies R. The requisite
motion is imparted to the shaft Z for actuating the piece K, by means of a pitch
chain O, and pitch wheels I I.
Instead of the moveable stop K may be employed the arrangement shewn at
Figure 6. In this case the abutment N is made to advance and recede at the alternate
strokes of the block M.
The shaft Z is for this purpose placed behind N, and is provided with a sector arm A
which is adjustable in length according to the length of feed required. The
abutment N is drawn back by a spring so as to bear against the sector A, when
this is in the position shewn, while when at every alternate stroke the sector is
turned out of the way of N, this is drawn further back so as to bear against the
adjustable screw stop T.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A machine for forming horse nail blanks wherein the iron rod for forming the
blanks receives two successive compressing actions from the dies, for reducing the part
which is to form the shank, after which the rod receives a quick supplemental forward
motion so as to bring the part, which is to form the head of the nail out of reach of the
dies substantially as described.
2. The arrangement of feed block for feeding forward the bar, wherein such block
has two successive forward strokes of different lengths imparted to it so that after the
rod has been subjected to two successive pressures from the dies, it has a supplemental
feed imparted to it, whereby that portion which is required for the head of the nail is
carried beyond the reach of the pressing dies.
3. For producing the two feeds of different length referred to in the preceding
claim, the use of a vertically sliding stop piece, which at every alternate stroke of the
feed block is brought between the rear end thereof and the fixed stop, so that the
next forward feed of the block will be correspondingly reduced, substantially as
described.
4. The herein described modified arrangement for obtaining the two different feeds,
wherein the abutment, which limits the backward motion of the block, has an alternate
to and fro motion imparted to it by means of a spring, and a revolving sector arm.
5. In the arrangement referred to in the preceding claim, constructing the revolving
sector arm adjustable in length, so as to enable the feed of the rod to be varied, in
combination with an adjustable screw stop for the sliding abutment, whereby both the
length of the nail, and the length of the head can be varied, substantially as
described.
Dated this 6th day of August 1890
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.