Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Lighting and Heating by Means of Gas.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 29th July, 1887
Complete Left, 20th Apr., 1888
Complete Accepted, 25th May, 1888
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Lighting and
Heating by Means of Gas.
I, OSCAR ERNESTE GUIBOUT of Dieppe (Seine Inférieure) in the Republic of
France, Manufacturer of enamelled objects, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows :—
My invention has for object a new apparatus for lighting by gas which dis-
tinguishes itself by the combination of its general arrangement and the fitting of the
various parts of which it is composed-It offers the following advantages-
It produces no black soot as the combustion of the gas is complete.
It offers a great resistance to heat.
It weighs very little.
It can be easily applied to the lanterns used for public lighting.
It increases in a great proportion the illuminating power of gas.
Its price is not very high.
My apparatus for gas lighting consists of a tube through which the gas enters, on
the upper part of which a cast iron cylindrical box is screwed; this cylindrical box
is provided with four canals through which the gas issues. A rod is screwed on the
top of the box.
A tube of enamelled copper is disposed around aforesaid gas tube and below the
cylindrical box. A ring or collar made of fire clay rests on the top of a tube.
A collar provided with arms and kept in position by a set screw is adapted to
the lower part of the gas tube for the purpose of supporting the globe or glass.
A cast iron box resting on the top of the cylindrical box surrounds the latter.
Both boxes are turned and adjusted one upon the other, in such a manner that the
gas issuing through the end openings of the canals, fills up the space between the two
boxes and comes out at the lower part in the form of a circular sheet. The box
which rests on the top of the cylindrical box is besides maintained in its position by
a stirrup fixed on the screwed rod on the top of the box by means of a nut.

page_text: A perforated cylinder made of enamelled copper surrounds the box which rests on
the top of the cylindrical box and on its upper end, and supports on its lower a crown
piece made of fire clay. A fire clay dome rests on this crown piece and is kept in
its place by a nut on the before-mentioned screw.
Lastly, a triangular support receives a cover or canopy and the chimney. This
cover made of enamelled copper is composed of a chamber or compartiment having a
portion of its lower side curved and presenting at one side an opening or openings
outside the globe or glass for the admission of air, and at the other, openings inside
the glass for the discharge of the same. These latter openings are so arranged that
the current of air is directed against the glass for the purpose of keeping it cool.
The action of the gas lighting apparatus is as follows:-
Gas enters through the gas tube, issues through the canals, descends between the
two boxes and comes out in a circular sheet. This circular sheet of gas burns between
two currents of air, namely, one coming from the tube which surrounds the gas tube
and issuing between the refractory collar on the top of the gas tube and the cylindrical
box. The other consists of the air which has risen into the dome, and which descends
afterwards between the inner surface of this dome and the perforated cylinder; the
air passes through this cylinder and comes out above the flame between the box
which rests on the top of the cylindrical box and the crown piece. These two
currents of air become heated by their contact with the heated parts of the flame.
The gases produced by the combustion escape round the dome. The air which
enters the cover or canopy is destined for cooling the globe or glass as before
described.
One or several ordinary burners can be disposed around the enamelled tube for the
purpose of lighting the lamp, provided with a suitable cock or cocks.
The apparatus could be used as a heating apparatus, if required.
In this specification, have described the construction of my model apparatus,
it is however, evident that the parts may be constructed of other materials, if
desired.
DL: T

page_text: Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Lighting and
Heating by Means of Gas.
I, OSCAR ERNESTE GUIBOUT, of Dieppe, (Seine Inférieure) in the Republic of
France, Manufacturer of enamelled objects, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-.
My invention has for its object an apparatus for gas lighting, which distinguishes
itself by the combination of its general arrangement and the fitting of the various
parts of which it is composed. It presents the following advantages
It produces no black soot, as the combustion of the gas is complete.
It offers a great resistance to heat.
It weighs very little.
It can be easily applied to the lanterns used for public lighting.
It increases in a large proportion the illuminating power of gas.
Its price is not very high."
My invention is best described by aid of the accompanying drawings in which :—
Figure 1 is a vertical section of the gas lighting apparatus.
Figure 2 a horizontal section of the same through line M N of Figure 1.
In these A is a central gas tube on the upper part of which a cast iron cylindrical
box B is screwed; this cylindrical box is provided with four channels a, a, a, a through
which the gas issues. A rod U is screwed on the top of the box.
A tube D of enamelled copper is arranged below the box B and concentrically to
the tube A. A ring or collar E of fire clay rests on the top of the tube D.
A collar F provided with arms and kept in position by a pressure screw bis adapted
to the lower part of the aforesaid gas tube A for the purpose of supporting the glass
globe G. A cast iron box H resting on the top of the cylindrical box B surrounds
the latter. Both boxes B and H may be machined or adjusted on each other in such
a manner that the gas issuing through the end openings of channels a, a, a, a, fills
the space between the two boxes and issues at the lower part in the form of an
annular sheet. Box H is besides secured in its place by a stirrup I, held in a fixed
position on the top of the said box, by means of a nut c screwed down on the rod C,
which is provided with a screw thread at its upper part.
A perforated cylinder K, made of enamelled copper, surrounds box H and supports
at its lower part a crown of fire clay L, which supports in its turn a fire clay dome M,
kept in position by a nut d screwed also on the aforesaid screwed rod C.
Lastly, a triangular support N receives a cover or canopy O and the chimney P.
The cover is of enamelled copper and composed of a conical part O and of a
circumferential compartment Q, provided with annular openings ef, and with a row
of small holes or perforations g.

page_text: The action of my gas lighting apparatus is as follows:-
Gas enters through the tube A, issues through the canals a, a, a, a, descends through
the space between the boxes Band H and comes out in an annular sheet.
The annular ring of gas burns between two currents of air, namely, one coming
from tube D surrounding the central gas tube A, and issuing between the refractory
collar E and the box B. The other current is formed of air which has risen into the
refractory dome M, and then descends between the inner surface of this dome and
the perforated cylinder K; the current passes through this cylinder and comes out
above the flame between the box H and the refractory crown L. These two currents
of air become heated by their contact with the heated parts of the flame.
The gases produced by combustion, escape round the dome M. The air entering
in e, passes through the holes g and issues at f; its purpose is to keep the glass globe
cool.
As shown in Figure 1, one or several ordinary burners supplied with gas by the
tube t can be arranged around the enamelled tube D. If the apparatus described in
the foregoing, is used only during the earlier part of the night, the said ordinary
burner or burners are lighted when the apparatus is put out. In the latter case the
lamp is provided with one or more suitable three-way cocks.
In this specification I have described the construction of my model apparatus; it
is however, evident that the parts may be constructed of any other suitable materials
and in any size, if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is
A gas lighting apparatus characterized essentially by the combination of a tube A
supplying the gas, and an annular space formed by B and H, through which the gas
issues in the form of an annular sheet between two currents of heated air supplied by
a vertical tube D, from which the air issues; one portion of the current issuing directly
above collar E, and the other part rising in the dome M and descending on to above
the flame, substantially as described.