AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF BAKING OVEN
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical
Draughtsman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF
BAKING OVEN." -A communication from abroad by Joseph Vale, of
Beloit, in the State of Wisconsin, United States of America.
Sealed the 9th July 1869, and dated the 6th April 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 6th April 1869.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do.
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
CONSTRUCTION OF BAKING OVEN," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide a rotating oven so greatly
simplified in construction and arrangement, as well as so very largely
reduced in cost of manufacture, as to be available to the public for
general use, not only in large establishments, but for hotels, eating
houses, hospitals, boarding houses, and families generally.

page_text: The walls and fixed hearth of the oven may be constructed of brick
or stone, and of any size required to supply the business to be done.
The walls and body of the oven may be rectangular, and in the centre of
the oven the revolving hearth (made of sheet metal) is mounted, it being
secured by suitable arms to a pivotted shaft supported in a suitable step
box. The revolving hearth is rotated by inserting the pointed end of a
spike or poker into perforations formed in the turned-down edge or outer
rim of the hearth. Below the hearth are the fire-grates with doors
opening to the same, and below these are ash-pit doors. Heavy iron
covers are provided for the fire flues or furnaces, and the heated air is
admitted into the baking chamber directly under and around the rotating
hearth through short flues. A sliding damper operated by a hook at
the front of the oven is used for regulating the escape of the smoke and
gases through the flue or chimney. The crown of the oven is made of
heavy sheet metal suitably supported by ribs or arms. The upper end
of the rotating shaft is pivotted through the centre of the crown, and
when in use the crown is covered six to twelve inches deep with sand to
prevent the escape of heat from the oven. The furnaces being directly
under the fixed hearth the heat is admitted to the oven directly,
circulating under the rotating hearth, ascending by the spaces between
the rim of said hearth and the wall of the oven, also up through the
opening around the shaft, pervading every part of the oven at the same
time. The oven is operated in baking through the door on a level with
the hearth. Batches of bread or pastry are placed upon the hearth
successively until one revolution has been made, when it will be found
that those first placed thereon are sufficiently done to be removed to the
larder. Unbaked batches take the place of those removed, and this
operation may be repeated at pleasure.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent 30
Office on the 6th October 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special
licence that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alfred Vincent
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands; and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF BAKING OVEN," being a communication
to me from Joseph Vale, of Beloit, in the State of Wisconsin, United
States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing here-
unto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is
to say)
:-
The object of this Invention is to provide a rotating oven, simple
in construction and arrangement, and of small cost, which will be
available for general use not only in large establishments, as hotels,
eating houses, hospitals, boarding houses, but also for private families.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the
improved oven; Fig. 2 is a plan view with the top plate and revolving
hearth removed; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the oven, and
Fig. 4 is an edge view; and Fig. 5, a plan view of the revolving

page_text: hearth detached. Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all
the Figures.
The walls and fixed hearth of the oven may be constructed of
brick or stone, and of any size required to supply the business to
be done.
A represents the walls and body of the oven H, the revolving hearth,
and pivotted shaft to which it is secured by suitable arms.
The
revolving hearth is constructed of suitable sheet metal supported by
metallic arms, and the said revolving shaft having a suitable step box
in which the lower end of said pivot may freely revolve. The revolving
hearth is rotated by inserting the pointed end of a spike or poker into
perforations formed in the rim of the hearth (see Fig. 4) and using
the same as a lever moving the same.
Below the hearth are the fire-
grates C, C, to which access is obtained by doors c, c, opening to the
same; D, D, are doors for regulating the draught of the furnaces and
withdrawing ashes from under the grates. Heavy iron covers d are
provided for the fire flues or furnaces. In the Drawing Fig. 2, one
is shewn in place, and one removed to expose to view the fire-grate C.
a, a, is the smoke flue or chimney; b, b, are flues for admitting the
heated air into the baking chamber directly under and around the
rotating hearth; 9 is a sliding damper, by the employment of which
smoke and gases are allowed to escape through the flue or chimney a, a.
It is operated by the hook at g, Fig. 2. The crown E of the oven may
be made of cast iron resting on a ledge on the brickwork, or of heavy
sheet metal suitably supported by ribs or arms of iron. The upper
end of the rotating shaft H is pivotted through the centre of the
crown E, and when in use the disc or crown is covered from six to
twelve inches deep with sand to prevent the radiation of heat from
the oven.
The furnaces being directly under the fixed hearth the
heat is admitted to the oven directly, circulating under the rotating
hearth, ascending by the spaces between the rim of said hearth and
the wall of the oven, also up through the opening around the shaft H,
and thus pervading every part of the oven at the same time. The oven
is operated in baking through the door B, Fig. 1. Batches of bread
or pastry are placed upon the hearth H successively until one revolution
has been made, when it will be found that those first placed thereon
are sufficiently done to be removed to the larder. Unbaked batches

page_text: take the place of those removed, and this operation may be repeated
at pleasure for any length of time without intermission.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "An Improved
Construction of Baking Oven" as communicated to me from abroad, and
explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to
be understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent
I do not claim broadly the construction of rotary ovens, but what I
claim is,―
The rotating disc or hearth H, mounted and operated as above
described.
Also the crown plate E in combination with the fire-grates C, C,
covers d, d, flues b, b, regulating damper g, flue or chimney a, a, and
ash boxes D, D, when the whole are constructed and arranged sub-
stantially as herein set forth and described to operate as specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Fifth day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.