IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Kershaw, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster,
Overlooker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
. Sealed the 13th March 1855, and dated the 19th September 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Kershaw at tho
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th September 1854.
I, JAMES KERSHAW, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Overlooker, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING " to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the picking motion of looms. Upon a second.
motion shaft or upon the ordinary tappet shaft are placed cams, which in
their rotatory motion arrive in contact with levers extending form a shaft
situate crosswise of the machine, that is, in a direction from front to back.
To these shafts are attached projecting arms, connected by means of straps
or links to the picking sticks; by this arrangement the cross shafts are caused
to vibrate alternately, and effect the required blows upon the shuttle. The
picking sticks are mounted upon studs projecting from the framework, and
are returned to their starting position by means of springs or other usual
arrangements. Another part of my improvements in the picking motion
consists in a method of shortening or tightening the connection with the
picking stick; for this purpose I make up the connection by means of screws
and nuts, which by being turned draw the two parts nearer to or further from
each other..

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Kershaw in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th March 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, JAMES
KERSHAW, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Overlooker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Iler Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Kershaw, Her especial license that I, the said James
Kershaw, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said James Kershaw, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said James Kershaw, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and scal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Kershaw, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
My Invention relates to the picking motion of looms, and consists, firstly,
in an arrangement by which the picking stick is actuated; and, secondly, in
a method of shortening or lengthening the connexion through which the
vibratory motion is communicated. For the purpose of explaining these im-
provements I have appended to this my Specification a Sheet of Drawings, in
which Figure 1 is a partial end view in section of a loom constructed accord-
ing to my Invention; and Figure 2 is a front view, one side, however, being
only shewn. Upon the tappet shaft a are mounted two cams, one of which
is shewn at b; each of these canis is situate above a bowl c, affixed to and
projecting from a shaft d, mounted in bearings and extending crosswise of
the machine, that is, in a direction from front to back. The other end of
each shaft d is furnished with an arm e, which is connected to the picking

page_text: stick f by means of a strap g; this strap, however, is not attached to the arm
direct, but through the intervention of a metallic eye h, formed with a screw
passing through the arm, and tightened thereon by nuts. As the tappet shaft
revolves, the cams b will arrive alternately in contact with the bowls c at each
side of the machine, whereby the shafts d will be caused to turn partially in
their bearings, and impart, through the arms e, necessary motion to the picking
sticks, which are brought back by springs, as at i. By turning the nuts upon
the eyes h, the connexion between the arms c and picking sticks may bo
shortened or lengthened, according to desire. I have shewn and described the
cams bas mounted upon the ordinary tappet shaft, but it will be evident that
any other second motion shaft may be used for that purpose. I have also
shewn the two parts of my Invention combined, but they may, if desired, be
used separately, the method of lengthening and shortening the picking strap
being applicable to other picking motions.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be under-
stood that I claim, as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters
Patent,-
Firstly, communicating motion to the picking sticks of looms by the vibra-
tion of shafts situate crosswise in the looms, such shafts being actuated by cams
upon the tappet or other second motion shaft.
Secondly, the application of screws and nuts for shortening or lengthening
the connexion with the picking sticks.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Kershaw, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
TAMES KERSHAW
JAMES KERSHAW (re)