IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FEEDING AND HOLDING PAPER OR OTHER MATERIALS TO BE OPERATED UPON BY BRUSHES OR OTHER APPARATUS FOR COLOURING OR OTHERWISE TREATING SUCH MATERIALS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick George Morton, of No. 16, Lynton
Street, Bermondsey, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FEEDING
AND HOLDING PAPER OR OTHER MATERIALS TO BE OPERATED UPON BY
BRUSHES OR OTHER APPARATUS FOR COLOURING OR OTHERWISE TREATING SUCH
MATERIALS."
Sealed the 5th July 1872, and dated the 11th January 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick George
Morton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 11th January 1872.
I, FREDERICK GEORGE MORTON, of No. 16, Lynton Street, Bermondsey,
in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FEEDING
AND HOLDING PAPER OR OTHER MATERIALS TO BE OPERATED UPON BY BRUSHES OR

page_text: OTHER APPARATUS FOR COLOURING OR OTHERWISE TREATING SUCH MATERIALS,” to
be as follows:-
My Invention relates to machinery or apparatus for feeding and
holding paper or other materials to be operated upon by brushes or other
apparatus for coloring or otherwise treating such materials, and has
reference to the application of a vacuum or partial vacuum for holding
the materials while they are being fed to and operated upon by the
brushes or other apparatus by which such materials are to be colored or
otherwise treated. For this purpose, according to my Invention, a
number of cells or chambers are arranged around, or about, or in con-
nexion with a larger chamber or cylinder, in which a vacuum is formed
and maintained by an air pump or otherwise. The paper or other
material to be operated upon is conducted by suitable travelling bands
to a wire web or perforated band travelling with, and over, or opposite to
apertures or openings formed in the covers or outer sides of the small
cells or chambers, from which the air is then exhausted through suitable
openings, passages, or ways into the larger chamber or cylinder, thereby
forming a vacuum in the small cells or chambers, so that the excess of
pressure on the opposite surface of the paper or other material under
treatment holds it in position over the perforations above referred to.
The openings, passages, or ways through which the small cells or
chambers communicate with the interior of the large chamber or
cylinder are provided with valves for closing the communication be-
tween the small cells or chambers and the larger chamber or cylinder,
and the opening and closing of these valves is effected at regulated
intervals by self-acting means, so as to establish and destroy the vacuum
in the small cells or chambers at the proper times as may be required.
For this purpose sliding bars passing through stuffing boxes or glands in
the large chamber or cylinder may be arranged to come in contact at
the proper intervals with and to be moved by a fixed segmental bar or
face so as to open their respective valves as required, such bars being
returned to their normal positions for closing the valves after passing the
segmental bar or face by springs or other suitable means.
I prefer to make the main vacuum chamber in the form of a cylinder
arranged to rotate on its axis, and formed with a number of shallow
circumferential cells or smaller chambers perforated at the sides farthest
removed from the axis of the cylinder, and communicating with the

page_text: interior of the cylinder through openings, passages, or ways regulated by
self-acting moans as described. Or the small cells or chambers may be
arranged annularly around a rotating hollow shaft or tube, and may
communicate with its interior by means of suitable pipes or passages
provided with valves, a vacuum or partial vacuum being maintained
within the rotating hollow shaft or tube, which for this purpose may be
connected with a stationary or other vessel from which the air is con-
stantly withdrawn by an air pump or otherwise.
Motion is imparted to the small cells or chambers and wire web or
perforated band from a steam engine or other motor, and they carry
with them the paper or other material to be treated, thereby presenting
its entire surface successively to the brush or other instrument
whereby it is to be colored, brushed, or otherwise operated upon as
required.
My Invention is applicable for feeding paper to be colored in the
sheet, chalked, or brushed, and for feeding tin-foil or lead-foil, or other
materials required to be operated upon.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederick George Morton in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 11th July 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
GEORGE MORTON, of No. 16, Lynton Street, Bermondsey, in the County
of Surrey, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Frederick George Morton, Her special
licence that I, the said Frederick George Morton, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Frederick George
Morton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might

page_text: make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FEEDING AND HOLDING
PAPER OR OTHER MATERIALS TO BE OPERATED UPON BY BRUSHES OR OTHER
APPARATUS FOR COLOURING OR OTHERWISE TREATING SUCH MATERIALS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederick Georgo
Morton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patcnt.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick George Morton,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, and the Drawing thercin
referred to :-
My Invention relates to machinery or apparatus for feeding and
holding paper or other materials to be operated upon by brushes or other
apparatus for coloring or otherwise treating such materials, and has
reference to the application of a partial vacuum for holding the materials
while they are being fed to and operated upon by the brushes or other
apparatus by which such materials are to be colored or otherwise
treated. For this purpose according to my Invention a number of cells
or chambers are arranged around, or about, or in connexion with a
larger chamber or cylinder, in which a partial vacuum or reduced
pressure is formed or established and maintained by an air pump or
otherwise. The paper or other material to be operated upon is con-
ducted by suitable travelling bands to a wire web or perforated band
travelling with, and over, or opposite to apertures or openings formed in
the covers or outer sides of the small cells or chambers, from which the
air is then exhausted or partially so through suitable openings, passages,
or ways into the larger chamber or cylinder, thereby forming a partial
vacuum in the small cells or chambers, so that the excess of pressure
on the opposite surface of the paper or other material under treatment
holds it in position over the perforations above referred to.
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The openings, passages, or ways through which the small cells or

page_text: chambers communicate with the interior of the large chamber or cylin-
der are provided with valves for closing the communication between the
small cells or chambers and the larger chamber or cylinder, and the
opening and closing of these valves is effected at regulated intervals by
self-acting means, so as to establish and destroy the partial vacuum in
the small cells or chambers at the proper times, as may be required.
For this purpose sliding bars passing through stuffing boxes or glands
in the large chamber or cylinder may be arranged to come in contact
at the proper intervals with and to be moved by a fixed segmental bar
or face so as to open their respective valves as required, such bars being
returned to their normal positions for closing the valves after passing
the segmental bar or face by springs or other suitable means.
.
I prefer to make the main vacuum chamber in the form of a cylinder
arranged to rotate on its axis and formed with a number of shallow
circumferential cells or smaller chambers perforated at the sides farthest
removed from the axis of the cylinder, and communicating with the
interior of the cylinder through openings, passages, or ways regulated
by self-acting means, as described. Or the small cells or chambers may
be arranged annularly around a rotating hollow shaft or tube, and may
communicate with its interior by means of suitable pipes or passages
provided with valves, a partial vacuum being maintained within the
rotating hollow shaft or tube, which for this purpose may be connected
with a stationary or other vessel from which the air is constantly with-
drawn by an air pump or otherwise.
Motion is imparted to the small cells or chambers and wire web or
perforated band from a steam engine or other motor, and they carry
with them the paper or other material to be treated, thereby presenting
its entire surface successively to the brush or other instrument whereby
it is to be colored, brushed, or otherwise operated upon as required.
My Invention is applicable for feeding paper to be colored in the
sheet, chalked, or brushed, and for feeding tin-foil or lead-foil, or other
materials required to be operated upon.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 represents a side clevation of a
machine constructed according to my Invention; Fig. 2 is a plan of the
machine without its wire web band; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical
.section taken in the line A, B, of Fig. 2; and Fig. 4 is a transverse
section taken in the line C, D, of Figs. 1 and 2.

page_text: a are small cells or chambers which are arranged around a larger
cylinder or chamber b, in which a partial vacuum is formed and main-
tained by means of an ordinary air pump (communicating with the
interior of the cylinder or chamber through the hollow trunnion 6*)
or in any other convenient way. The paper or other material to be
operated upon is conducted by a felt or other suitable travelling band c
to a wire web or perforated band a (preferring a brass or copper wire
web having about sixty meshes to the square inch) travelling with and
over or opposite to apertures or openings a¹ formed in the covers or
outer sides a³ of the small cells or chambers a. The covers or outer
sides a are turned and the wire web d extends the entire width thereof.
The air is exhausted (or partially so) through suitable openings e into
the larger chamber or cylinder b, thereby forming a partial vacuum in
the small cells or chambers, so that the excess of pressure on the
opposite surface of the paper or other material under treatment holds it
in position over the perforations or apertures a¹.
The openings e, through which the small cells or chambers a com-
municate with the interior of the large chamber or cylinder b, aro
provided with valves ƒ (made by preference of leather and circular in
form) for closing the communication between the small cells or
chambers a and the larger chamber or cylinder b, and the opening and
closing of these valves is effected at regulated intervals by self-acting
means, so as to establish and destroy the partial vacuum in the small
cells or chambers a at the proper times, as may be required. For this
purpose I prefer to use sliding bars or rods 7 passing through stuffing
boxes or glands in the large chamber or cylinder b, and arranged to
come in contact at the proper intervals with and to be moved by
segmental bars i, which may be fixed, but by preference are carried by
arms jointed to the main framing k of the machine. When in usc
these segmental bars i are retained in position for actuating the sliding
bars or rods by means of levers carried by the main framing k and
having their fulcra at ; one such lever being provided for each sliding
bar. These levers are locked for holding the segmental bars in position
by means of pins passing through eyes in the levers and through
corresponding eyes formed in studs attached to the framing, as shewn
at . By this arrangement any of the segmental bars i may when
required, as for instance on starting the machine, be moved back
so as to allow the sliding bars or rods to pass it without being moved

page_text: to actuate the valves f. The sliding bars or rods g pass at their inner
ends through guides m, and are formed or provided with inclines g¹
which open the valves by coming in contact with their stems f¹.
The
stems are provided with springs, as shewn, to ensure the subsequent
5 closing of the valves.
The sliding bars or rods 7 after passing the
segmental bars or faces i are returned to their normal positions to allow
the valves f to close by spiral springs n, which when the sliding bars or
rods are moved inwards for opening the valves f are compressed
between the guides mand suitable collars or abutments gå formed with
or attached to the bars or rods g, as shown. o is a small doctor roller
covered with felt or other soft material, for cleaning the perforated
outer surfaces of the small cells or chambers a, and p is another similar
doctor roller for cleaning the wire web or perforated band d. These
rollers are carried by the side frames k, which are tied together by
suitable tie rods /', as shewn.
The Drawings show my Invention applied to feeding and holding paper
or other. materials to be operated upon by brushes for the purpose of
colouring.
q is the coloring brush, which is supplied with color by the furnishing
roller from the color box s; t is the distributing brush, which may be
either a reciprocating brush or a rotating brush, and may be actuated in
any convenient manner, as well understood; is the clearing brush, for
finishing off the work in the usual way.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-The sheets of paper or
other material to be operated upon are placed one at a time upon the
endless travelling band c, which travels at the same speed as the wire
web or perforated band d, and conveys the sheet of paper or other
material towards the coloring brush. The sliding bars or rods 9 come in
contact with the segmental bars i as the cylinder and cells rotate,
thereby opening the valves f so that the air will be exhausted (or
partially so) from the small cells or chambers a during their travel from
about the point y to about the point z, and the consequent excess of
pressure of the external atmosphere against the opposite or outer surface
of the paper or other material presses the same against the wire web or per-
forated band d, thereby holding the paper or other material securely while
it is carried to and past, and operated upon by the brushes. On arriving
at about the point z, where the operation of the segmental bars or faces
terminates, the valves f being then closed, the partial vacuum in the cells a

page_text: ceases, and the paper or other material is conveyed away in the direction
of the arrow by the travelling wire web or perforated band & which
conducts it on to another endless band travelling at a higher speed,
from whence the material is removed, and in the case of paper is hung
in racks to dry in the ordinary way.
Although I have shewn my Invention in conjunction with brushes
for coloring paper or other materials, it may evidently be used for feeding
and holding paper or other materials to be operated upon in various
ways and for other purposes than those which I have herein-beforc
specified by way of illustration.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and the
manner of performing it, I hereby declare that I do not claim as of my
Invention or the exclusive use of the several parts of the arrangements
herein-before described or referred to, except when the same are cm-
ployed in and for the purposes of the said Invention. And I hereby
declare that I claim as the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent,
the arrangement and construction of parts herein set forth for feeding
and holding paper or other materials to be operated upon by brushes or
other apparatus for coloring or otherwise treating such materials.
I claim particularly, arranging the travelling cells or chambers a
around, or about, or in connexion with a main chamber or cylinder, in
which a partial vacuum (or reduced pressure) is maintained, and opening
the communication between such travelling cells or chambers a and the
main chamber or cylinder at intervals, as required for holding and con-
ducting the materials to be operated upon.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick George Morton, have
hereunto set my hand and scal, this Tenth day of July, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
FREDERICK GEORGE MORTON. (L.S.)
Witness,
W. LLOYD WISE,
Patent Agent,
London.