IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING Telegraphs
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jolin Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn
Fields, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING Telegraphs" -A communication from
abroad by Louis Victor Mimault. of Paris. in the Republic of France.
:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Jolinson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th March 1874.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING TELEGRAPHS," a communi-
cation to me from abroad by Louis Victor Mimault, of Paris, in the
Republic of France, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved system of printing telegraph
based on a novel principle, which consists in the employment for the:
formation of letters, figures, or signs, of clementary signals obtained by:
the aid of five simultaneous or successive emissions of a current, cach

page_text: The conducting branch or first portion of the receiving apparatus is
composed of five electro-magnets connected with the five-line wires and
of a "multiplier," which is also actuated by electro-magnets, and is
intended to change the signals from letters to figures and vice versa.
The series of electro-magnets employed in these apparatus is so
arranged that the first electro-magnet distributes the current from a local
battery to two conductors, the second to four, the third to eight, the
fourth to sixteen, and the fifth electro-magnet to thirty-two conductors,
and as the multiplier doubles this effect a total of sixty-four different
elementary signs may be obtained, but by employing only 28 keys in all
or 26 (omitting the 2 set apart for actuating the multiplier) only 52
effective elementary signs are utilized. The 52 wires of the branch lead
to an equal number of electro-magnets, which are disposed in a columnar
form in two series, one being for letters and the other for figures or other
signs, the arrangement being such that a current may be passed into onc
only of the magnets of either series under the action of a number of
currents arriving in the apparatus, so that a single effect by a multiple
action is produced.
The armature of each electro-magnet is provided with springs, the
number of which is determined according to the form of the character,
whether it be a letter, figure, or sign which has to be printed. These
springs transmit the current from a second local battery to forty-nine
plates in communication with an equal number of wires leading to
the printing "comb," such. wires being supported in an adjustable
gutta percha block or otherwise. A suitable number of resisting rhco-
stats are employed for the purpose of ensuring the equal distribution of
the current in the conductors leading to such "comb." The current
from these wires is distributed to a similar number of points, with which
the printing "comb" is provided, the points by their position forming
the contours of the letter, figure, or sign which it is desired to produce.
The impression of a typographic character is thus obtained by a single
action by applying to the points of the "comb" a strip of paper so pre-
pared as to cause the passage of the current to leave a print or tracc.
The contact of the paper with the "comb" and its automatic feed after
each impression are effected by an electro-magnet acting upon an
oscillating lever in connection with a pawl and ratchet arrangement or
other suitable mechanism, such action being produced by the current
from the local battery which traverses the conducting branch...

page_text: When only one line wire is employed each letter, figure, or sign is
formed by the aid of five successive currents transmitted in an order
arranged so that the total effect is the same as if they had been passed
simultaneously through five wires, each having assigned to. it. according
to the order in which it is sent, the value of one of the first five numbers
of geometrical progression, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16.
Should it not be thought desirable to print ordinary characters, such
as figures, letters, and the like, the marks or traces produced by the
passage of simultaneous or successive currents may be printed direct by
assigning to the relative positions of these marks or traces arranged on
five parallel lines the value of the first five numbers of geometrical
progression, and 31 different telegraphic signals may thus also be
obtained.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 10th September 1874.
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of March, in the year of our Lord.
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-seventh
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said John Henry Johnson, Her special license that
I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,:
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel:
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING
TELEGRAPHS," a communication to be from abroad by Louis Victor
Mimault, of Paris, in the Republic of France, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said. John Henry Johnson, my executors-
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and-

page_text: seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters.
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and.
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying:
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say:
The said Invention relates to an improved system of printing tele--
graph based upon a novel principle, which consists in the employment for"
the formation of letters, figures, or signs of clementary signals obtained
by the aid of simultaneous or successive emissions of a current, cach
having according to its relative position or the order of its emission the
numerical value of one of the first five numbers or terms of geometrical
progression, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16.
This principle admits of obtaining thirty-one different signals, which:
number is sufficient for ordinary telegraphic purposes, as by the employ-
ment of a single auxiliary sign such number of signals may be doubled.
These signals are used in the representation of the letters of the alphabet,.
the production of figures and punctuation, or other signs employed in,
telegraphy. The Invention is therefore based essentially on the grouping:
or combining of such five elementary signals, to which there are assigned
according to the place which they occupy the value of the first five
numbers of terms of geometrical progression.
It is obvious that the system may be applied in a variety of ways by:
the aid of either five wires or a single wire only.
When five-line wires are employed the Invention may be carried out
in the manner herein-after described. In this case the complete signals,.
whether letters, figures, or signs, are obtained by the aid of elementary.
signals transmitted simultaneously through the wires, and the apparatus"
are composed of,-
First. A transmitting apparatus or manipulator with a keyboard.
;

page_text: Fourth. A comb" or brush for printing by the electro-chemical
process and mechanism for feeding forward the despatch.
When only one line wire is employed each letter, figure, or sign is
formed by the aid of five successive currents transmitted in an order
which is so arranged that their total effect is the same as if they had
been passed simultaneously through five wires, that is to say, by cach
having assigned to it according to the order of its transmission the value
of one of the first five numbers or terms of geometrical progression,
1, 2, 4, 8, 16.
If it is not considered desirable to print. ordinary characters, such as
figures, letters, and the like, the marks or traces produced by the passage
of simultaneous or successive currents may be printed direct by assigning
to the relative positions of these marks or traces arranged on five parallel
lines the values of the first five numbers or terms of geometrical pro-
gression, and thirty-one different telegraphic signals may thus also bc
obtained.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I
shall now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that
purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the accompanying Drawings,
which represent examples of the apparatus employed in carrying out the
Invention by the aid of five line wires for the transmission of the
currents, and also tables illustrative of the improved code based on the
use of the first five numbers or terms of geometrical progression.
Figure 1 (Sheet 1) of the Drawings represents a longitudinal section
taken along the line A, B, (Figure 2); Figure 2 is a horizontal section;
and Figure 3 is a transverse vertical section taken along the line C, D,
(Figure 2) of a transmitting apparatus or manipulator constructed
according to this Invention.
C
The mode of construction of this improved apparatus will be more
perfectly understood and the principle of this Invention elucidated by
reference to table A, shewn on Sheet 4 of the Drawings, which repre-
sents the various combinations necessary for forming thirty-one different
signals by the aid of five elementary signals or marks or traces produced
by the current on five parallel lines, and each having a relative value
equal to that of one of the first five numbers or terms of geometrical
progression, 1, 2, 4, 8, 10. On this table there are also indicated the

page_text: letters, figures, or signs corresponding to each of these thirty-one
signals.
The manipulator (Figures 1, 2, and 3, Sheet 1) receives the current from
the line battery P through the intervention of the wire b, and from such
manipulator there proceed the five line wires a₁, α, az, a₁, az. The apparatus
is composed of a keyboard provided with fourteen black keys c and four-
teen white keys d, on which are marked or indicated the letters, figures, or
signs which they are designed to transmit. As the keyboard carries the
same number of keys as that of the apparatus constructed on what is
known as Hughes' system the operators accustomed to that system may be
readily employed in working the improved apparatus. Two of the white
keys d are blank, they being simply intended for passing from letters to
figures and signs, and vice versa. The body of the keys is composed of metal,
and is jointed to a rod e carried in a support f, and their rear end is pro-
vided with contact springs 9₁, 2, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97 Is, designed to place
them in communication with copper rods i₁, i, is 14, 15, 16, 17, 189
communicating with the five line wires and with three rheostats of
resistance h₂, h,, h, the figures or indices appended to each letter indi-.
cating clearly the order in which the parts are arranged in relation to
cach other.
}
Table A before mentioned shews that for the purpose of transmitting
the letter A it will be requisite to fix on the key bearing this letter a
contact spring, so as to transmit the current through the rod i̟ along
the line wire a₁. In order to transmit the letter B there is fitted to the
corresponding key the contact spring 2, which transmits the current
through the rod i, along the line a. In order to transmit the letter C
there are secured to the corresponding key two contact springs 91, 92, as
the two numbers which these springs represent amount togther to three,
and so on in succession for the other keys (following the indications of
table A) to the fourteenth key, which carries the contact springs 92, J3, Jas
the corresponding wires α, α, α, having for their conventional value 2, 4,
and 8, the sum of which is fourteen. The combination of the first four
wires a₁, aq, az, α, the sum of which is 15, also the number 16 which
would be given by the fifth wire α, are not. utilized in the present.
example, the combination No. 17 is formed by the wires α, and α, and
so on, proceeding from right to left to the last white key, which will
carry the four contact springs 92, 93, 94, 95, so as to give the combination
No. 30 (omitting in this example the combination No. 31).
•

page_text: (
The result of omitting numbers 15 and 16 is that each white key bears
the complementary number of that indicated on the corresponding
black key, and their sum is 31, which arrangement admits of the
current being transmitted simultaneously through the five line-wires by
depressing any pair of corresponding keys, and of thus facilitating the
regulating of the receiving apparatus.
As only the sign 31 requires the use of the five wires, from one to 4 wires
will be sufficient to form the whole of the signals, consequently three
rheostats only will be required to ensure the constant distribution of the
current into four equal parts whatever may be the number of wires into
which it is subdivided.
The degree of play or action of the keys is limited by two transverse.
bars j, and two small pins are employed for the purpose of separating.
in the position of rest the contact springs g from the rods i with which
they come in contact only when the keys are depressed.
A binding screw attached to the apparatus is employed in order to
conduct the current from the battery P to the rod e, and another binding
screw m disposed at the other side serves to place the rheostats he, h,.,
in communication with earth by the aid of the wire T. The whole of
the apparatus is enclosed in a wooden box n.
Figure 4 (Sheet 2) is a sectional plan; Figure.5, a longitudinal
section; and Figure 6, a transverse vertical section of the first portion.
of the receiving apparatus, which consists of a conducting branch pro-
vided with five electro-magnets, cach connected to one of the line
wires a₁, a, a, a, a, and operating in the following manner, videlicet:-
The fifth electro-magnet ", by the motion of its armature causes the.
current to pass from a local battery P, along the conducting wire O and
through a plate p, to one or other of the springs 7,, whence it is directed.
to one of the two plates p., which are disposed above the fourth electro-
magnet r, and each of which is also provided with springs 24 arranged
one on each side of the plate. A counteracting spring 8, is employed,
which spring has a constant tendency to bring back the left hand
spring q, out of contact with the pláte p...
:
i
The fourth electro-magnet 7, transmits the current by the aid of the
springs q, from the plates p₁ to four other plates p, situate above the a
third electro-magnet . This electro-magnet r, transmits the current by

page_text: the intervention of the four springs a to one of the eight succeeding
plates P situate above the second electro-magnet . The electro-
magnet directs the current through one of the eight right or left
hand springs q to one of the sixteen succeeding plates p₁ disposed
above the first electro-magnet ₁. The electro-magnet places the
current by means of one of the sixteen right or left hand springs q, in
communication with thirty-two other plates p, which are situate above
two multiplying electro-magnets herein-after referred to.
.
>
In order to effect the results herein-before described the. arma
tures v₁, v₂, V, V, V, of the electro-magnets 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, are secured
to oscillating bell-crank levers 1, 2, 3, ₁₂, terminating at their upper
part in small cross plates 21, 22, 2, 24, 25, which are designed to effect the
removal of the springs q₁, 72, 73, 74 %, from the plates P₁, P P P P
such levers being drawn in one direction under the action of the magnets
and in the opposite direction by the counteracting springs 81, 82, 83, 84, 809
and their range of motion being limited by the stops. Y₁, 32, 8, 49 Y5°
When the current is not passing into any of the line wires the counter--
acting springs 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, remove the whole of the left hand'
springs 71, 72, 73, 94, 96, from contact with their corresponding plates
whilst the whole of the right-hand springs are in contact with those;
plates. In this position the current from the battery P₁ passes direct to:
the first plate p of the multiplier, which will be insulated or cut off in
order to prevent the unnecessary expenditure of battery power. If tho,
current arrives by the line wire a₁, and consequently enters the electro-
magnet, nothing being changed in the other communications of tho.
receiving apparatus, the current will always arrive at the first plate pi of;
thic series of this electro-magnet, but its armature will remove the right-i
hand springs q, out of contact in order to allow the left-hand springs to:
bear against the plates p₁, and the local current from the battery P₁ will be
conducted to plate No. 1 of the multiplier. If the current passes
through the wire a, into the electro-magnet, the right-hand springs.q
will be removed out of contact in order to place the left-hand springs in
communication with the plate p2, and the local current will be conducted
to plate No. 2, and so on in succession in the same order to the thirty-
first plate if the current is caused to pass into the wires or combinations
of wires giving the numbers 1 to 31..
The multiplier is designed to double the whole of the results obtained
on the conducting branch by directing the currents into one or other of
"
3

page_text: the two series of thirty-one binding screw's u, which are disposed contiguous
to each other, one series being intended for the transmission of letters and
the other series for the transmission of figures or signs. It has been
herein-before stated that a blank space always precedes the use of a
figure or a punctuation sign in the course of a despatch, and these
blank spaces are obtained in a similar manner to the letters by the
emission of the current along one or more wires so as to cause the paper
of the despatch to move forward without receiving any impression.
Under these circumstances it has been ascertained that it is sufficient to
direct the current from the battery P₁ into the two electro-magnets » of
the multiplier by the aid of two wires and by the intervention of four
of the binding screws u, which are selected so as to correspond two by two
to the keys indicated in table A (sheet 4) underneath Numbers 25 and
30, and marked "white key for letters" and "white key for figures
respectively. The apparatus being arranged in this manner with blank
intervals for separating words and numbers from each other, or letters
from figures, and vice versa, a communication is obtained with either
letters or figures and signs by means of the multiplier.
"
The multiplier is actuated by two electro-magnets placed contiguous
to each other and acting on armatures fitted to the extremities of two
rocking levers x, which are capable of oscillating between two stops y.
The prolonged or extended portion A of one of these levers is fitted to a
crank arm formed on a small stud centre B, which is supported in
bearings secured to the frame w to another crank arm, of which centre
there is fitted a spring C, the tension of which is capable of being varied,
such spring being designed to assist the action of the magnets by
balancing the force of the thirty-two spings q, which they are required to
remove from contact.
The preceding arrangement is also applied to the electro-magnets
and 7, of the conducting branch, which magnets are provided with sixteen a
and cight contact springs respectively to be brought into and out of contact
as the case may be. In this case the auxiliary springs C₁, C₂, should be
só regulated that the counteracting springs s₁, s₂, may be capable as soon
as the current has ceased to pass of bringing back the bell-crank levers
and contact springs to their original position.
The mechanism of the conducting plates and their springs is mounted
on a board. D secured to the frame w, the sides of which are connected

page_text: together by means of tie rods E. Apertures are formed in the board D.
and in the frame to admit of the passage of the rods A, A₁, A₂, and of
thic crank centres B, B₁, B. The wires proceeding from the apparatus are
supported by bevelled cross pieces F, to which they are secured by a comb.
or pins G; the wires are thence conducted to the binding screws u, fifty-
two only of which are utilized, the ten wires which are not continued-
corresponding to keys 15, 16, and 31, which in the present example are
dispensed with, and to keys 25 and 30, which are assigned to the
multiplier.
The distributing apparatus or column is illustrated by Sheet 3 of the
Drawings. Figure 7 is an elevation; Figure 8, an end view; Figure 9,
a sectional elevation of the opposite side to that shewn in Figure 7;
Figure 10, a plan; and Figure 11 a horizontal section of this apparatus.
Figures 12 to 18 illustrate details of parts which will be herein-after
referred to:
'
26
279
The wires on leaving the binding screws u herein-before referred to are
conducted to the transverse comb H and ascend the vertical column I
This apparatus is provided with twenty-six electro-magnets J₁, J., J, - - - -
J for letters shewn on the right-hand side and twenty-six clectro-magnets:
JJ
J2 for figures and signs shewn on the left-hand side of
Figure 9. Each electro-magnet is carried on a board L, and its carth wire
is connected with a plate K extending the entire height of the apparatus,
whilst its oscillating armature N receives a current from a second local
battery P₂ through the intervention of the plates M in which the arma-
tures are pivotted. The magnets and parts in connection therewith are
shown clearly in Figures 12 and 13, which represent respectively a.
vertical and a horizontal section of the same.
To the armatures N are fitted springs O (Figures 17 and 18), which
are guided by combs Q (as shewn in plan, clevation, and transverse
section respectively in Figures 14, 15, and 16). The object of these
springs O is to distribute the current of the battery P, into conductors R,
consisting of forty-nine insulated or separate plates, each of which is in
communication with one of the wires of the printing comb or brush.
These plates are provided with notches in which enter the extremitics
of the springs O.
Table B (Sheet 5) indicates clearly the number and position of the
.

page_text: pins composing the printing comb or brush a number varying from five to
twenty-three only (according to the forms of the sign to be printed) are
simultaneously employed. On this table is also represented the number
of rheostats of resistance which it is sufficient to employ in order to cause
the apparatus to operate constantly in the same manner as if each current a
were always exactly subdivided into 23 currents of equal intensity.
In order to effect the proper distribution of the current in the various_
wires or pins of the printing brush or comb notwithstanding any
variations in the nature of the paper used for the despatch and the
different degrees of wear to which the printing wires or pins may be 1
liable, there is placed between each of the plates R and the printing.
comb or brush a rheostat of resistance capable of offering more resistance
to the current than the whole of the accidental causes combined. For
this purpose each notched or toothed plate R is connected by a wire S
to forty-nine rhcostats of equal resistance V₁, VÅ VÅ V 49, placed-
between two boards X₁, X,, as shown on Slicet 4 in Figures 19, 20, 21,
and 22 (wlich represent respectively a plan, longitudinal section, front>
clevation, and transverse section of this portion of the apparatus). In a
line with these forty-nine rheostats there are disposed the five rheo->
stats V, the object of which is to ensure the equal intensity of the.
currents distributed into the printing brush or comb.
---
The resistance of the first of these rheostats is equal to that of the
preceding forty-nine, the resistance of the second is twice, that of the
third four times, that of the fourth eight times, and that of the fifth
sixteen times as much; the whole five rhcostats are connected with cartha
by a common wire T.
4
The wires S proceeding from the conductor R are secured parallel to
cach other on the upper board X₁ of the apparatus, and after having.
traversed their corresponding rheostats they are bent twice at right
angles on a support Y and continued so as to engage between the teeth a
of the comb Z, according to the degree of wear of the block W, in which
the printing wires are maintained. This block W is composed of gutta
percha, and is capable of adjustment between two uprights U which
support it, and to which it is secured by means of a pressure screw
acting upon one of the ivory plates which form the two sides of the 3
block, the lower part of which is slightly curved so as to bear perfectly
upon the cylindrical surface on which the impression is effected..
-

page_text: Figure 23 (Sheet 1) represents a vertical section; Figure 24, a cor-
responding plan; and Figure 25, an elevation of the mechanism
employed for effecting the motion of the paper during the operation of
printing the despatch.
This apparatus is composed of a lever a fast on the. shaft b¹, tho
extremities of which are carried in bearings v¹ so as to render it capable
of oscillation under the action of the armature d¹ of the electro-
magnet c. At the extremity of the lever a¹ there is disposed a copper
cylinder e', which is capable of turning freely. This cylinder carries a
ratchet wheel o¹, and is provided at each end with a steel hoop f¹ having
teeth or serrations on its circumference for the purpose of feeding
forward the despatch, which is maintained in contact therewith by the
plates g¹ of the sleeve or tube h. This sleeve or tube is capable of
motion along the axis , which is connected by arms or cross pieces n¹
with the lever a³, and has a spring m¹ attached thereto. The lever a¹
also carries a pulley p¹ (shewn detached in Figure 26) capable of turning
freely, over which pulley passes a cord attached at one end to a fixed
point &¹ and at its opposite end to a spring t, the tension of which is
regulated by means of the nut x¹. It results from this arrangement
that at each oscillation of the lever a' the pawl q¹ of the pulley p' effects
the partial rotation of the cylinder e³, the plates g', which operate as a
brake or detent, preventing such cylinder from returning. By. this
means the strip of prepared paper w³, which is carried on the wheel 'y':
secured on a shaft 2¹ and passes between the cylinder e¹ and the plates g¹,,
is caused to move forward' regularly, and the current after having:
marked thereon the signs determined by the position of the wires or pins.
of the comb or brush through which it is conducted passes to earth at T
through the cylinder e', the shaft a¹, and the wire u'. The electro-
magnet c¹ which actuates the mechanism is placed in the circuit of the
battery P, of the conducting branch, consequently it operates simul."
taneously with that apparatus.
Sheet 4 represents the telegraphic code or alphabet which may be
obtained when five line wires are employed by utilizing direct for the.
printing of the despatch the marks or traces, which may be formed by
the simultaneous passage of the current along the wires.. In this case
in order to read each letter of this code of signals it is requisite to com-.
mence from a datum point. Thus for example, in order to identify the
letters A, B, D, or H, which are given by single marks or traces it is

page_text: necessary to be able to ascertain whether these marks or traces are in
the first, second, third, or fourth line; for this purpose at the commence-
ment of the transmission a double sign is given by depressing keys
No. 30 and No. 1, which are complementary of the, number No. 31. In
the case however of punctuation signs and figures, which are often
separated, and the reading of which should be independent of the neigh-
bouring signs, it will be necessary after having transmitted the sign to
give every time the complementary sign of this figure or sign, thus for
example 2 will be obtained by first depressing the key which carries this
figure and then that of 29, which carries Z and the inverted commas,
because 229 = 31, and so on in a similar manner for the other
numbers and for the punctuation signs. A blank space is required
between each double sign, so that the transmission of figures and signs
will occupy three times as much time as that of letters.
:
The code No. 1 (Sheet 4) is arranged upon these principles. A trans-
lation of the fac simile of a despatch given below the code may therefore
be readily made.
No. 2 gives the numbers of 49 marks or traces of the printing brush
or comb, and also the code or alphabet formed with the combinations of
these marks or traces, which are indicated in Table B (Sheet 5).
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The employment of a code or alphabet composed of signals.
formed of elementary signs, each of which represents one of the first
five numbers or terms of geometrical progression.
Secondly. The application of springs to the keys of a manipulator or
transmitting apparatus whereby a multiple effect is obtained by the
simple act of depressing or operating a key, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
Third. The peculiar conducting branch so constructed and arranged as
to cause a current to pass into one only of a series of binding screws or
of electro-magnets under the action of a number of currents arriving in 3
the apparatus, whereby a single effect by a multiple action is obtained,

page_text: substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by the Drawings
annexed.
Fourth. The peculiar construction and arrangement of distributing
apparatus for distributing the current from a local battery to the points
of the printing comb or device for forming the contour or configuration
of the signs of the despatch, substantially as herein-before described and
illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this
my Specification set my hand and seal, the Ninth day of
September One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
דנדזיזה
TATTOOT