IMPROVEMENTS IN BORING APPARATUS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the Firm of Hughes
and Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, W. C., for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BORING APPARATUS."-A communication
from abroad by George Kolb, Director of the Boring Company, Bay-
reuth, in the Kingdom of Bavaria.
Sealed the 10th August 1860, and dated the 25th February 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th February 1860.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents,
123, Chancery Lane, London, W. C., do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BORING APPARATUS," a commnnication
from abroad by George Kolb, Director of the Boring Company, Bayreuth, in
the Kingdom of Bavaria, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to apparatus for boring into the earth, and consists
of attaching to the ordinary borer a wire cable, a twirl, and a spring, so that
when the twirl is turned partially round it turns the borer in the earth, and
then returns or turns back again by the power of the spring and wire cable,

page_text: thus forming a partially self-acting borer, as every time the borer is lifted, the
cable turns the borer about a quarter part of the circumference in the bore, by
which constant action about twenty or thirty feet a day may be bored of any
guage.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 17th August 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents, No. 123,
Chancery Lane, London, W. C., send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Edward Thomas Hughes, Her special licence that I, the said Edward.
Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time. and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BORING APPARATUS," a communication from abroad by
George Kolb, Director of the Boring Company, Bayreuth, in the Kingdom of
Bavaria, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Thomas
Hughes, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement (that is to say)
-
This Invention relates to apparatus for boring into the earth, and consists of

page_text: attaching to the ordinary borer a wire cable, twirl, and a spring, so that when
the twirl is turned partially round, it turns the borer in the earth, .and then
returns or turns back again by the power of the spring and wire cable, thus
forming a partially self-acting. borer; the said spring formning a brake to regu-
late the turn of the wire cable. The said spring or brake may be of spiral
metal or caoutchouc as shewn in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in
which a represents the borer; b, a guide to keep the borer vertically in the
core d; and c is the wire cable twirl; m is a cylinder kept in its place by
the wedge e on the borer; f is the spring or brake made of metal, caoutchouc,
or other suitable material, placed on the neck g of the cylinder; h is a ring,
upon which the bow is kept by the nut k, fixed on the pin l. When the
borer is lifted by the cable, the cable turns of itself, and the borer turns one-
fourth part of the circumference in the bore to about sixty feet of the cable.
When the borer has fallen, the cable and the bow would return one-fourth
part of the circumference if the twirl were not braked, and consequently the
borer would revolve one-fourth of the circumference with every stroke as bas
been the case hitherto with all experiments of a wire cable; but as the borer
ought only to make a single reciprocation after having made thirty strokes,
boring with a cable has been hitherto impracticable. By this Invention, as
soon as the borer has fallen, the bow i rebounds on the spring f, compressing
it, and leaving the nut k turns back, because the bow flies instantly with an
elastic force to the nut, where it remains. The braking any number of strokes
during one reciprocation is done by the strength of the ring h, the weaker the
ring is, the nut being fixed, the less the twirl is braked, and the fewer strokes
the borer makes during each reciprocation; on the contrary the stronger the
ring is, the more the twirl is braked, the greater number of strokes are made.
The turning of the borer may be regulated at pleasure as follows:-On
letting down the borer into the bore, make a mark on the bow, then let the
borer make ten strokes, draw it out, and it will be seen what part of the
circumference the bow has described; if it has described too much use a
stronger ring, if too little a weaker one, and thus regulate the turning to
any degree. By this Invention a great economy will be secured in boring the
earth, as from 20 to 30 feet a day may be bored of any guage with great
facility.
Having thus described the nature and particulars of the said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself
to the precise details; but I claim, the arrangement of apparatus for boring

page_text: the earth as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings..
In witness' whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
A. W. MCDONOGH.
EDWARD T. HUGHES. (L.S.)