Improvements in and relating to Lamps Burning Hydrocarbon Oils.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 8th May, 1883
Complete Specification Left, 8th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 9th Mar., 1389
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Lamps Burning Hydrocarbon Oils.
We, CORNELIUS CRASTIN, of 185, Hornsey Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, and ELIOT ARTHUR DE PASS, of 3, Coleman Street, in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to lamps for burning hydrocarbon oils; and consists
essentially in employing in or upon the upper portion of the wick tube, a piece of
suitable incombustible porous material which extends a short distance into the said
wick tube and which is separated from the ordinary cotton-wick, when required, by
the action of lowering the said cotton-wick.
The pieces which fit into or upon the top of the wick-tube may be made of pumice
stone, coke, specially moulded porous carbons, or specially moulded porous clay, or we
may employ pieces of flexible carbon of the kind described in the Specification of
Letters Patent dated December 13th 1886, No. 16,338, providing they are fixed in the
tops of the burners and have no communication with the wick except when required
to burn.
It will be understood that the burner proper is fixed and that when the wick is
turned up to touch the underside of the burner proper the oil will be communicated
thereto and the lamp will be ready for lighting.
When it is desired to extinguish the lamp all that is necessary is to turn the cotton-
wick down a suitable distance whereby the supply of oil is cut off from the burner
proper so that the flame will gradually burn out; or it may be instantly extinguished
with one of our patent extinguishers or by any other suitable extinguisher.
In some cases I serrate or similarly form the adjacent edges of the burner proper
and feeding wick, to allow for regulating the supply of oil to the flame.
Some of the advantages of our invention are that by cutting off all communication
hetween the burner and the oil-chamber, no danger can arise from turning down the
wick into the oil-receiver; that no trimming of the wick is required, and consequently
D

page_text: no pieces of burnt wick can fall inside of the burner to clog up air spaces and cause
the lamp to flash or fire; and, that by being able to turn off the supply of oil so that
the flame is gradually extinguished, the breaking of chimneys is to a great extent
obviated.
حيم
تي
1000
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Lamps Burning Hydrocarbon Oils.
We, CORNELIUS CRASTIN, of 185, Hornsey Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, and ELIOT ARTHUR DE PASS, of 3, Coleman Street, in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
Our invention relates to lamps for burning hydrocarbon oils, and consists essentially
in employing in or upon the upper portion of the wick tube a piece or tip of suitable
incombustible porous material which extends a short distance into the said wick tube
and which is separated from the ordinary cotton-wick, when required, by the action
of lowering the said cotton-wick.
To enable our invention to be fully understood we will describe the same with
reference to the accompanying drawing, in which,
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a lamp burner having a flat wick according to our
invention, and,
Figures 2 and 3 are views illustrating modifications.
Figure 4 is a view showing the application of our invention to a circular burner.
Figures 5 and 6 are a vertical section and plan respectively of the piece of incom-
bustible material detached.
Figure 7 illustrates a modification, and Figures 8 and 9 illustrate another
modification.
a is the wick tube of a burner and b is a wick of any ordinary or suitable construc-
tion adapted to be raised and lowered in any desirable manner.
c is the incombustible piece which as shown in Figure 1 is
part of the tube a which piece may be composed of pumice
moulded porous carbon, or specially moulded porous clay.
fitted into the upper
stone, coke, specially
Or we may employ

page_text: flexible carbon of the kind described in the Specification of Letters Patent dated
December 13, 1886, No. 16338, providing the pieces are fixed in the tops of the
burners and have no communication with the wick except when required to burn.
It will be understood that the piece c forming the burner proper is fixed and that
when the wick b is turned up to touch the underside of the said piece the oil will be
communicated thereto and the lamp will be ready for lighting.
When it is desired to extinguish the lamp all that is necessary is to turn the
cotton-wick down a suitable distance whereby the supply of oil is cut off from the
burner proper so that the flame will gradually burn out or it may be instantly
extinguished with one of our patent extinguishers or by any other suitable extinguisher.
In the modification of our invention shown in Figure 2, the piece c instead of
being introduced into the wick tube a is introduced into an enlargement d on one side
of the said tube, so that the size of the flame may be varied by increasing or reducing
the amount of contact surface between the wick band piece c.
Although we have shown this modification of our invention as applied to a flat
burner it is to be understood that it is equally applicable to a round burner. In this
case the enlargement d extends around the upper part of the wick tube and the piece c
is in the form of a ring.
In the modification shown in Figure 3 the arrangement is substantially the same as
that last described except that two enlargements d are formed to receive two pieces c
the wick b being adapted to feed both.
In applying our invention to circular burners we make the piece c in the form
of a ring, and insert the same into the wick tube, as shown in Figure 4, pro-
jections e, e formed on the wick tube being adapted to enter corresponding grooves or
recesses, to prevent the said piece being lifted out of its place by the wick b.
In some cases we serrate or similarly form the adjacent edges of the burner proper
and feeding wick to allow for regulating the supply of oil to the flame; as shown in
Figure 7 the bottom face of the piece c is angular so that by pressing the wick more
or less tightly against the same there will be a greator or less contact surface.
We sometimes find it advantageous to insert a channelled ring 9 Figures 8 into the
upper part of the wick tube as shown in Figure 9 the said ring having either or both
of its upper edges formed with a bead to prevent the ring from slipping into the tube.
Or the upper part of the wick tube may be enlarged to form a shoulder as in Figure 9.
This ring is filled with flexible carbon or other suitable material and its bottom is
formed with perforations or openings h as shown in Figure 8 so that the incombustible
material may project through the bottom to enable the wick to be brought into
contact therewith. The ring may if desired be fixed by a bayonet or other joint.
Some of the advantages of our invention are that by cutting off all communication
between the burner and the oil chamber no danger can arise from turning down the
wick into the oil-receiver; that no trimming of the wick is required, and consequently
no pieces of burnt wick can fall inside of the burner to clog up air spaces and cause
the lamp to flash or fire, and, that by being able to turn off the supply of oil so that
the flame is gradually extinguished, the breaking of chimneys is to a great extent
obviated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
(1) In a lamp for burning hy Iro sarbon oils the combination with a cotton wick of
a piece of incombustible porous material which is adapted to be supplied with oil
when the cotton wick is in contact with it so that it can be ignited but which when
the cotton wick is removed out of contact therefrom will be extinguished, substantially
as described.
(2) The combination with the wick tube of a lamp of a tip of porous carbon or
other porous incombustible material adapted to be supplie.l with oil from a cotton
wick which can be moved into and out of contact with the said tip, substantially as, and
for the purposes, described.

page_text: (3) In a lamp of the kind referred to in the first claiming clause the arrangement
of the tip so that the cotton feeder wick can be placed more or less in contact with
the same, substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
(4) The modification of our invention wherein the incombustible material is con-
tained in a channelled ring having a perforated or open bottom, substantially as
described.
(5) The manufacture and use of lamps having a tip of porous carbon or other
porous incombustible material in combination with a cotton wick, substantially as
herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 8th day of Fohane 1000
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicants.