Improvements in or relating to Roller Bearings.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Roller Bearings.
We, DAVID DRYNAN, of 12, Lorne Terrace, Maryhill, Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, Engineer, and ANGUS ROBERTSON FULTON, of Camp Street, Mother-
well, in the County of Lanark, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
"
This invention relates to improvements in roller bearings, and has for its
object the construction of such bearings so that they shall be more suitable for,
and the better applicable to, the axle journals of railway rolling stock and other
vehicles, although our improvements are capable of advantageous application to
roller bearings for other purposes. In roller bearings as heretofore constructed
for the axle journals of rolling stock, the method of constructing or applying the
cage for retaining or guiding the rollers, has been such as to render difficult
or impossible, the application of such bearings to "bound" journals, or those
formed between collars at each end, or as recesses in the shaft: for the purpose
of taking up end-thrust. Such construction or application of the
confines or binds" the parts in such a manner as to prevent their ready relative
cage also
accomodation the one to the other, under the vibratory or other stresses, set up by
the motion of the vehicle. In carrying our invention into effect or practice, and
with a view to obriating these defects and improving the construction and action
of such bearings generally, we provide the rollers with a ** cradle
!!
.
cage hitherto used and before referred to: such cradle embracing the rollers
in place of the
circumferentially so as to confine or retain them upon or within the journal, but
being open at the ends, so that of itself it will not prevent their movement in the
direction of the shaft axis. Bars forming part of the cradle, and running
longitudinally in the direction of the shaft axis, separate the rollers, and keep
them parallel to such axis. I'pon the outer periphery of the cradle, we construct
one or more rings or projecting circular collars, and in the material of the axle-
box or block for the bearing, we form recesses or annular grooves to readily
receive these: the said grooves being of such dimensions relatively to the collars,
as to permit of the free rotation of the latter within the former, without appreci-
able lateral movement. In the material of the axle-box or block we also form
a hed or rolling channel for the rollers, whose length in the direction of the
shaft axis is approximately that of such rollers, and whose depth is sufficient to
restrain tendency to their endlong movement under lateral stress.
together the parts to form the bearing, the cradle is first pushed sufficiently far
In putting
on to the journal to permit of the simultaneous insertion of the rollers into their
respective compartments by their ends, and into the recess between the collars
upon the shaft, which forms the journal. When all are in place the cradle is
slipped fully on and over them, and the axle with the cradle and other
appurtenances placed within the axle-box or block, so that the annular rings
upon the eradle fit into their prepared grooves, and the rollers into their rolling
channel or bed. When loaded and in motion, the axle communicates the load
through the rollers by rolling friction, to the said channel or hed, the cradle and
7

page_text: contained rollers also revolving, while endlong movement of the cradle is pre-
vented by the engagement of its collars with their grooves as described, and
similar movement of the rollers by their confinement in their rolling channel.
The collars on the cradle do not bear except upon their sides. The rollers
occupy much the same relative position to journal and axle-box or block, as do
the brasses in an ordinary bearing having a bound" journal. In one modifica-
tion of our invention in which our improvements are applied to a solid axle-box,
the bottom of such box is formed so that the axle with the cradle and other parts
or appurtenances in place, may be passed upwards into the box, the opening so
provided being afterwards fitted with a plate or tray of such form, that it may act
as a part guide for the annular rings of the cradle, and may serve as an oil bath
for the rollers, whose immersion therein as they revolve with the cradle, will
automatically lubricate the bearing. In another modification in which our
improvements are applied to a box or block made in two parts, the lower half
of such box may perform the functions of guiding or lubrication described.
pad or bearing piece of crescent or horse-shoe section may be fitted if desired to
the tray, or the lower half of the bearing, to aid in sustaining the rollers during
the lower portion of their revolution with the cradle; such pad having its pressure
regulated by a spring or its equivalent. With the aid of dust proof collars or
their equivalent we make the hearing dust proof throughout. Although we
A
have described our improvements as they are applicable to the axle journals of
railway and other rolling stock, we do not propose to confine them to such, as it
will be obvious that with but unimportant modifications, they are applicable to
journals bound by collars generally.
Dated thin 10th day of Tune 1808
DAVID DRYNAN,
ANGUS ROBERTSON FULTON,
Applicants.
improvements in or relating to Roller Bearings.
We, DAVID DRYNAN, of 12, Lorne Terrace, Maryhill, in the City of Glasgow,
and ANGUS ROBERTSON FULTON, of Camp Street, Motherwell, in the County
of Lanark, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly deseribed and ascertained in and
by the following statement:
-
This invention relates to improvements in roller bearings and has for its
object the construction of such bearings so that they shall be more suitable for,
and better applicable to, the axle journals of railway rolling stock and other
vehicles, although our improvements are capable of advantageous application to
roller bearings for other purposes.
+
In roller bearings as heretofore constructed for the axle journals of rolling
stock, the method of constructing or applying the cage for retaining or guiding
the rollers, has been such as to render difficult or impossible the application of
such bearings to bound" jouruals, or those formed between collars at each
end, or as recesses in the shaft, for the purpose of taking end thrust. Such con-
struction or application of the cage also confines or binds the parts in such
a manner as to prevent their ready accomodation the one to the other, under the
vibratory or other stresses, set up by the motion of the vehicle.
The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 being a
longitudinal vertical section of an axle journal hearing constructed in accordance

page_text: with our invention. Fig. 2 is a part transverse vertical section and part front
elevation of the journal bearing, and Fig. 3 is a back elevation of the same.
Fig. 4 is a side elevation, and Fig. 5 a part transverse vertical section and part
elevation of a detail hereinafter referred to as the "cradle."
"
..
In carrying our invention into effect or practice under one modification illus-
trated by Figs. 1, 2 and 3 which shows the bearing box or block made in two
parts and applied to a bound" journal, and with a view to obviating these
defects previously mentioned and improving the construction and action of such
bearings generally we provide the rollers A with a "cradle "B, shown particularly
at Figs. 4 and 5, in place of the cage hitherto used and before referred to:
such cradle B embracing the rollers & circumferentially so as to confine or retain
them upon or within the journal C, as shown particularly at Fig. 2, but being
open at the ends, so that of itself it will not prevent their movement in the
direction of the shaft axis. A series of bars Bi forming part of the cradle B
and running longitudinally in the direction of the shaft axis, separate the
rollers A, and keep them parallel to such axis. Upon the outer periphery of
the cradle B, and formed integral therewith are one or more rings or projecting
circular collars 132, and in the material of the axle-box or block 1) for the bear-
ing, we form recesses or annular grooves D¹ to readily receive these; the said
grooves 1 being of such dimensions relatively to the collars B2, as to permit of
the free rotation of the latter within the former, without appreciable lateral
movement. In the material of the axle-box or block 1 we also form a bed or
rolling channel D for the rollers A, whose length in the direction of the shaft
axis is approximately that of such rollers, and whose depth is sufficient to
restrain tendency to their endlong movement under lateral stresses. In putting
together the parts to form the bearing, the cradle B is first pushed sufficiently
far on to the journal (to permit of the simultaneous insertion of the rollers À
into their respective compartments by their ends, and into the recess between the
collars C, (upon the shaft (, which forms the journal. When all are in place
the cradle B is slipped fully on and over them, and the axle C with the cradle B
and other appurtenances placed within the axle-box or block D, so that the
annular rings B2 upon the cradle B fit into their prepared grooves D', and the
rollers into their rolling channel or bed D. When loaded and in motion,
the axle communicates the load through the rollers A by rolling friction to the
said channel or bed D, the cradle B and contained rollers A also revolving, while
endlong movement of the cradle B is prevented by the engagement of its collars 133
with their grooves D' as described, and similar movement of the rollers by their
confinement in their rolling channel 1². The collars B² on the cradle B do not
bear except upon their sides, and the rollers A occupy much the same relative
position to the journal and axle-box or block I, as do the brasses in an
ordinary bearing having a "bound" journal.
In this modification the lower half of the box may be fitted with a tray filled
with oil so that it may perform the function of lubricating as well as guiding
the rollers A, and a pad or bearing piece of crescent or horseshoe section may be
fitted if desired to the tray or lower half of the bearing D to aid in sustaining
the rollers A during the lower portion of their revolution with the cradle B: such
pad having its pressure regulated by a spring or its equivalent. With the aid
of dust proof collars E or their equivalent we make the hearing 1) dust proof
throughout.
In another modification of our invention in which our improvements are
applied to a solid axle-box the bottom of such box is formed so that the axle with
the cradle and other parts or appurtenances in place, may be placed upwards
in the box, the opening so provided being afterwards fitted with a plate or tray
of such form, that it may be as a part guide for the annular rings of the cradle,
and may serve as an oil bath for the rollers, whose immersion therein as they
revolve with the cradle will automatically lubricate the bearing.
Although we have described our improvements as they are applicable to the

page_text: axle journals of railway and other rolling stock, we do not propose to confine
them to such, as it will be obvious that with but unimportant modifications, they
are applicable to journals bound by collars generally.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:
1. In roller bearings a cradle composed of a series of longitudinal bars bound
together by annular guide rings, and adapted to embrace a series of rollers and
retain them in position between the end collars of a journal on a running axle or,
shaft substantially as described.
2. In roller bearings the combination with an axle box or bearing block of a
cradle carrying a series of rollers upon the journal of a rotating axle or shaft and
having on it guide rings fitted into grooves formed in the axle box or block
substantially as described.
3. In roller bearings the combination with an axle box or block having annular
grooves and a rolling channel formed on its inner surface, of a cradle having
guide rings adapted to revolve within said grooves and carrying rollers which
revolve in and against said rolling channel and a journal on the axle substantially
as described.
Dated 14 d. at 1 2009
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Of the Firm of Cruikshank & Fairweather,
Chartered Patent Agents,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Agent for the Applicants.