IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS WITH LATERAL AND COVERED JETS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Gedge, of No. 11, Wellington
Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS WITH LATERAL AND COVERED
JETS." A communication from abroad by Clement Louis Liotard,
junior, of Paris, France, Manufacturer.
-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward
Gedge at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 19th January 1874.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS WITH LATERAL AND
COVERED JETS," a communication to me from abroad by Clement Louis
Liotard, junior, of Paris, France, Manufacturer, to be as follows:-
The imperfections of apparatuses for cooking and heating by gas as
hitherto constructed have prevented the developement which this mode

page_text: of cooking and heating would otherwise have taken, all these apparatuses
having one or more of the following defects :-
1°. Imperfect combustion of the gas; loss of gas; production of oxide
and carbon, and of deleterious and disagreeable emanations; finally, loss
of caloric.
2º. Cleaning difficult, if not impossible, rendering them useless in a
very short time, independently of the odour which they spread when
food has fallen into the mixing chamber.
This Invention consists essentially in the use of a special burner,
termed by the Inventor "burner with covered jets," and by means of
which the gas supplied with the quantity of air necessary to perfect
combustion is consumed with little or no loss, while producing the
maximum of caloric. Further, by the position of the jets, placed hori-
zontally, they cannot easily be stopped up, and in any case may be
cleaned in a few moments by removing the upper part of the burner,
which is fitted by simple superposition, or more firmly by means of two
bayonet joints.
The burner formed of one or of several concentric rings, with one or
more feeders placed cither horizontally or vertically, is composed of two
principal parts, one fixed, namely, the under part; one movable,
namely, the upper part; and the horizontal covered jets may be made
either on the lower fixed part, as shown on the accompanying Sheet of
Drawing, or on the lower part of the upper movable part. These
crenated jets, instead of being made after the manufacture of the burner
and by hand, as in the ordinary burners, whether mushroom or ring
burners, are made in the casting, the result of which is a considerable
reduction in the cost price, and consequently in an equivalent proportion
in the selling price. This burner is therefore likely to bring gas into
common use for cooking and heating purposes.
This burner is applicable to all kinds of apparatuses for heating
and cooking by gas, kitchen ranges, or manufacturing or chemical
apparatuses.
These improved burners with covered jets may be modified as
follows:-
1°. By the suppression in nearly all cases of the fittings and mixing
chambere of andinoue hum
11
1
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page_text: isolate the one from the other, and to form a circular slit by which the
gas will escape.
To keep the heat from the handle there is preserved in that part of
the cast-iron handle which comes in contact with the hand the simple
tube, and this tube is covered with a layer of statuary pasteboard or
millboard, which submitted to great pressure in a mould takes the form
of the handle, and thus prevents communication of the caloric.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawing a indicates the rings; B,
casing of apparatus; b, small mushroom, which may replace one or
more rings; c, section of cover of a ring; d, arrival of mixture of gas
and air in the rings or mushrooms; e, mixing chamber; F, section of
part of a ring at the point where passes the mixture of gas and air going
into the mushroom of the central passage; g, under draught opening or
air inlet; h, plate fitted to body of apparatus, and fixed by screw I; J,
notch on the covers to permit them to pass under fastening knobs or
buttons; K, fillets cast on the covers; L, fastening knob or button
passing over the edges of the covers, fixing them to the lower part of the
burners; m, cock set in the end of the draught apparatus, and fixed by
the double key n; o, olive replacing the cocks in the burners.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Gedge in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 15th July 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Edward Gedge, Her special
licence that I, the said William Edward Gedge, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Edward
Gedge, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-

page_text: Patent the use,-
1°. Of jets obtained in the casting of the burner.
2°. Of the system of overlapping covers or lids for ring or mushroom
burner, which prevents obstruction of the holes.
3°. Of the mode of fastening with a bayonet joint movement (indi-
cated by the letter v), which fixes the covers to the lower part of the
burners.
4°. Of the cast-iron handle with its draught orifice beneath, the object
of which is to simplify the workmanship, lessen the quantity of material,
and at the same time regulate the arrival of the air so as to obtain
perfect combustion.
5°. Of the key or cottar n, which in these apparatuses permits,
according to circumstances, the suppression of screws, which have the
defects of considerable labour in fixing, of rendering the cleaning
difficult, and repairs frequent.
In addition to the advantages above set forth this system, applicable
equally to ring and to mushroom burners, permits by the addition of the
handle with air inlet beneath an easy taking to picces, cleaning, and
above all complete combustion of the gas employed, from whence con-
siderable economy of gas and complete suppression of the deleterious
emanations which always result from incomplete combustion.
Instead of casting the jets in a crenated form, as shown on the
Drawings, all the surfaces, upper as well as lower, may be cast plane by
providing for the issue of the gas in form of a single circular jet, a space
of variable depth by means of three or four small rivets L, fixed either
on the lid or cover or upon the lower fixed part, serving in this caso to
isolate the one from the other, and to form a circular slit by which the
gas will escape.
To keep the heat from the handle that part of the cast-iron handle
which comes in contact therewith is covered with a layer of statuary
pasteboard or millboard, which submitted to great pressure in a mould
takes the form of the handle, and thus prevents communication of the
caloric.

page_text: Figures 11, 12, 13, and 14 show modifications and improvements of
apparatus with single feeder or supply pipe, also forming part of this
Invention. The burner lid or bayonet lid a is here held by two screws b
and 6', one of which 6 has a segment removed to permit the putting on
and taking off of the cover, and this cover is kept upon the body of the
apparatus by turning the screw b, which forms a bayonet joint, as shown,
Fig. 11. A notch c is formed in the cover a, and the cover may be
removed by the bayonet joint movement of this notch as well as by that
of the screw b.
Instead of making the handle separate from the body of the apparatus
the whole may be cast in one piece, that is to say, the body p, the lower
part of the burner r, the handle 8, and the air inlet t, as shown Figs. 12
and 13, the result being to give greater strength to the whole, and to
make it cheaper.
Instead of making the upper part of the bayonet joint, burner, lid or
cover a (Fig. 14), and the grating above it separate, they may also be
made in one piece, so that the entire apparatus is composed of only two
pieces.
Figs. 15 and 16 show an apparatus with two feeders or supply pipes,
also forming part of this Invention. In this apparatus the bars d, e, of
the lid or burner forming attachments to the mushroom g of the second
burner are also cast in one piece with the said cover. The bars h, i, k, l,
m, and n of the grating (see Fig. 15) are also cast together, and serve to
hold the burner lid; and in this case the screw arrangement above-
described is adopted for fixing the grating on the apparatus.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Gedge, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of July, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.