Improvements in Casting or Forming Articles of Pottery, Including China and Earthenware.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 5th July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 5th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 10th May, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Casting or Forming Articles of Pottery, Including
China and Earthenware.
I, DAVID CHAPMAN, of Atlas China Works, Longton, Staffordshire China Manu-
facturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:
This invention has for its object the process of casting more than one article, by
the same operation, of all kinds of pottery including china and earthenware.
For this purpose I employ the necessary cisterns, troughs, trays and levers to
enable more than one article to be cast by the same operation.
The mode of casting under this invention is by arranging a trough or number of
troughs in such a position as to supply the number of moulds required for the casting.
The said trough or troughs may be worked by either manual or other motive power,
and may themselves be supplied from a cistern or cisterns in the same or any other
suitable manner.
6.
The moulds are placed in a single or double reversing tray or trays, and are filled
with "slip" (i.e. liquid clay) from the trough or troughs as hereinbefore set forth.
When the slip" has remained in the moulds the requisite time, the tray is
reversed, thereby emptying the superfluous "slip" from the moulds into a cistern
underneath.
On the reverse side of the tray, if desired, may be placed another set of moulds, so
that when the tray is reversed these moulds will be in position for another casting,
while the original moulds are draining.
By this process any number of cisterns troughs, trays, or levers, can be used to
suit the casting of any articles in china, earthenware or other kinds of pottery, and
such cisterns, troughs, trays or levers, may be made of wood, metal or other suitable
matorial
JAMES STEVENSON,
Gray's Inn Chambers, 20, High Holborn, London, W.C., Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Casting or Forming Articles of Pottery, Including
China and Earthenware.
I, DAVID CHAPMAN, of Atlas China Works, Longton, Staffordshire, China Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This invention has for its object the process of casting more than one article, by
the same operation, of all kinds of pottery including china and earthenware.
For this purpose I employ the necessary cisterns, troughs, trays and levers to
enable more than one article to be cast by the same operation.
The mode of casting under this invention is by arranging a trough or number of
troughs in such a position as to supply the number of moulds for the casting. The
said trough or troughs may be worked by either manual or other motive power, and
may themselves be supplied from a cistern or cisterns in the same or any other
suitable manner.
<
The moulds are placed in a single or double reversing tray or trays, and are filled
with "slip" (ie. liquid clay) from the trough or troughs as herein before set forth.
On the reverse side of the tray, if desired, may be placed another set of moulds, so

page_text: that when the tray is reversed these moulds will be in position for another casting,
while the original moulds are draining.
By this process any number of cisterns, troughs, trays or levers can be used to suit
the casting of any article in china, earthenware or other kinds of pottery, and such
cisterns, troughs trays or levers may be made of wood, metal or other suitable
material.
In order that my invention may be thoroughly understood I have appended the
accompanying sheets of drawings.
Figs. 1 and 2 are a side elevation and an end elevation respectively of the
apparatus I prefer to use for accomplishing the above described object. In Fig. 1
the front set of moulds are removed on the left of the Figure. Fig. 3 is a plan of the
said apparatus; and Fig. 4 is a section of Fig. 1 taken along the line A-B.
In these Figures similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
A is a wood or other suitable frame within which the various parts of the apparatus
are mounted or placed. Bis a cistern which is filled with "slip" or liquid clay to
the requisite height and is mounted in iron plates B' bolted to the upper part of the
frame A. B2 is a lever by means of which the cistern B can be moved so as to permit
of the passing of the "slip" through short lengths of piping B³ into two sets of
troughs C. prefer to construct the troughs C, as illustrated, in such a manner that
they supply moulds D placed in pairs opposite to each other and at the opposite ends
of lines angularly disposed with respect to the centre line of the board upon which the
moulds D are fixed. The troughs Care fixed to strips of wood (", to which strips are
secured iron rods C³. The strips of wood C¹ and the iron rods run the whole
length of each set of the troughs and thus form a ready means of strongly fastening
together the various troughs of each set. The ends of one of the iron rods Car.
bent, as shown, and the ends of both rods rest in adjustable bearings (which are
supported by slotted iron plates C4 bolted to the frame A. The positions of the
bearings C³ are adjusted by means of nuts and bolts passing through the bearings C³
and the slots in the iron plates C*. Slotted iron rods C are fixed on both of the ends
of the iron rods C. The slotted iron rods C are connected together by means of
iron links C and nuts passing through the slots formed in the iron rods (and holes
in the iron links C. The troughs are moved, so as to empty their contents into
the moulds D, by means of a handle fixed to one of the bent ends of the iron
rod fixed to the rear set of moulds. C is an adjustable stop, fixed to the frame A,
which limits the backward movement of the handle C and consequently that of the
troughs.
Instead of simultaneously moving the two sets of troughs by means of a single
lever, as shown in the accompanying drawings, I might move each set of troughs
separately.
B and B are stops fixed to the frame A and limiting respectively the forward
and backward movements of the cistern B.
The moulds D are fixed to a board D¹, which is slid into guides or grooves D'
formed in a double reversing tray E. D³ are guides or grooves, similar to D2, formed
at the lower part of the reversing tray E which are likewise adapted to receive
another set of moulds fixed on a board. Bearings E' for the double reversing tray E
are provided at the upper ends of rods F, placed at the opposite ends of the frame. A.
The lower ends of the rods F rest upon eccentrics G fixed upon a shaft G mounted
in the frame A. By turning the eccentrics G by means of the handle G the rods F
are raised and consequently the double reversing tray is lifted. The double reversing
tray is raised by this means when the moulds are being filled with "slip" from the
troughs, and splashing and waste of the liquid clay is thus avoided. His a cistern,
...placed at the lower part of the frame A and beneath the rest of the apparatus, which
serves to catch any splashings and the superfluous "slip" which drops off from the
..lower set of moulds when the double reversing tray E has been moved or turned
preparatory, to the insertion of a fresh set of moulds in the upper part of the
same. F are guides provided in the frame A within which the rods F move. E' is,
a lever by means of which the double reversing tray is moved. A moveable pin e

page_text: is inserted through an eye in the end e¹ of the lever E' so as to engage in either
one of the sockets (which are preferably carried by arms f¹ on the bearing E'),
thus retaining the reversing tray in the required horizontal position.
The end of the handle Gis bent outwards and a catch G³, pivotted to the frame A,
is adapted to engage with the bent portion of the handle G and thus retain the
double reversing tray in a raised or elevated position. The handle G³ rests upon a
stop G fixed in the frame A when the reversing tray is at its lowest or normal
position.
In order to permit of the easy working or manipulation of the lever C' and also
to enable the moulds, troughs, etc., being readily reached, part of the frame A is cut
away.
I may enclose more than one set of the above described apparatus within a common
frame.
The mode of manipulating or working the apparatus is as follows:-
The troughs are filled to the required amount with "slip" from the overhead
cistern, the reversing tray is raised, and the troughs are moved so as to empty their
contents into the moulds. When the "slip" has remained in the moulds the requisite
time, the reversing tray is turned or moved, and the superfluous slip is thereby
omptied from the moulds into the cistern at the lower part of the frame. In those
cases in which a double reversing tray is used a second set of moulds may at this
period of the operation be inserted in the upper or empty part of the double
reversing tray, so that whilst the superfluous slip is draining off the lower set of
moulds the upper set of moulds is being filled. By this arrangement economy of
time is attained and the process is rendered continuous.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1) Apparatus for casting in one operation more than one article of pottery, china
and earthenware as and for the purpose described herein.
(2) The apparatus for casting in one operation more than one article of pottery,
china and earthenware, consisting of the combination of the wood frame A, the
cistern B, the troughs C, the moulds D inserted in the double reversing tray E, the
rods F, the eccentrics G and the necessary levers for moving the various parts of
the apparatus, substantially as described herein and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
D: 5th of Anni 1900
JAMES STEVENSON,
Gray's Inn Chambers, 20, High Holborn, London, W.C., Agent for Applicant.