Improvements in Hair Combs and in Brushes.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Feb., 1991
Complete Specification Left, 13th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 13th Feb. 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hair Combs and in Brushes.
I, NATHAN RHEINBERG, of 32 Snow Hill, in the City of London, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to this invention I make hair combs from metal wire or narrow strip
bent in such manner as to form teeth each composed of wire or strip doubled on
itself somewhat in a U or V form so that the point of each tooth is formed by a
bend in the wire or strip and so that each U or V bend shall stand crosswise of the
back not parallel with it. Preferably I produce such teeth from continuous wire
or strip worked into the form of a spiral flattened on two opposite sides with the
bend at one end of such flattened sides somewhat acute to form the point of the
teeth whilst the other end which is to be attached to a back or handle may be
broader and be somewhat more rounded or of a flattened form. Or in place of the
wire or strip being bent into a flattened spiral it may be bent into other varied
forms to produce similar teeth-or each tooth could be produced by itself from bent
wire or strip the bend forming the point which is to be presented to the object to
be combed or brushed whilst the ends are secured to the back or handle or two or
more such teeth might be formed together from one length of wire or strip.
The back of the comb may also if desired be formed of metal say of a strip of
sheet metal bent to a U form in cross section to be placed over the broader end of the
teeth to which the back is to be attached. A length of metal tube of small diameter
may also be placed within this end of the teeth. The teeth need not be rigidly
secured to the back but when the teeth are formed in one continuous length of wire
they may be held only at intervals or at the two ends so that there may be a certain.
amount of elasticity between the teeth to allow them to spring apart or separate
slightly one from the other whenever necessary. The backs or handles may
however be of other material and the ways in which they are formed may be
greatly varied. Brushes may also be formed in the same way with their teeth or
bristles formed from continuous wire and so that there may be a certain amount of
elasticity between the teeth or bristles.
Dated this 12th dox of Fobruary 1901
N. RHEINBERG.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hair Combs and in Brushes.
1, NATHAN RHEINBERG, of 32 Snow Hill, in the City of London, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
According to this invention I make hair combs from metal wire or narrow strip
bent in such manner as to form teeth each composed of wire or strip doubled on
itself somewhat in a U or V form so that the point of each tooth is formed by a
bend in the wire or strip and so that each U or V bend shall stand crosswise of the
back not parallel with it. Préferably I produce such teeth from continuous wire
or strip worked into the form of a spiral flattened on two opposite sides with the
bend at one end of such flattened sides somewhat acute to form the point of the
teeth whilst the other end which is to be attached to a back or handle may be
broader and be somewhat more rounded or of a flattened form but usually I prefer
a spiral with the bends at each end of the same shape. Or in place of the wire or

page_text: strip being bent into a flattened spiral it may be bent into other varied forms to
produce similar teeth, or each tooth could be produced by itself from bent wire or
strip the bend forming the point which is to be presented to the object to be
combed or brushed whilst the ends are secured to the back or handle or two or
more such teeth might be formed together from one length of wire or
strip.
The back of the comb may also if desired be formed of metal say of a strip of
sheet metal bent to a U form in cross section to be placed over the end of the teeth
to which the back is to be attached. A length of metal tube of small diameter
may also be placed within this end of the teeth. The teeth need not be rigidly
secured to the back although for combs I prefer that they should be so, but when
the teeth are formed in one continuous length of wire they may be held only at
intervals or at the two ends so that there may be a certain amount of elasticity
between the teeth to allow them to spring apart or separate slightly one from the
other whenever necessary.
The backs or handles may however he of other
material and the ways in which they are formed may be greatly varied. Brushes
may also be formed in the same way with their teeth or bristles formed from
continuous wire and so that there may be a certain amount of elasticity between the
teeth or bristles.
Figure 1 of the drawing annexed is a side view of a short length of a spiral coil
suitable for being formed into a hair comb.
Figures 14 1B and 1° shew end views of various forms in which the spiral may
advantageously be made.
Figure 2 is a side view and Figure 2ª an end view of a thin metal back suitable
for a comb formed from a spiral such as shewn at Figures 1 and 14.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section and Figure 34 an end view of an instrument
which may advantageously be used for holding a spiral extended whilst a back is
being secured to it.
The spirals I form of thin steel wire or of other spring metal. To hold the coil
extended whilst a back is being secured to it 1 use the instrument shewn at
Figures 3 and 34. This instrument is composed simply of a thin metal trough
shaped bar A having metal plates B standing across it at right angles and at such
a distance apart that a portion of one coil of the spiral can just be inserted between
them.
To hold the spiral extended the pointed tooth extremity of each end coil C of
the spiral is inserted between two of the plates B which are at the two ends of the
bar A as shewn at Figure 3 or two or more coils at each end may be similarly held
between the plates B. As the space between the two plates is only wide enough
for the wire from which the coil is formed to pass between them the portions of the
ends of the coils which are held between them are compelled to stand at right
angles to the bar A-all the remainder of the coils of the spiral are consequently
made to assume a corresponding position. Or the bar A may be provided at
intervals with pairs of plates B standing out from it so as more completely to ensure
that the points of all the teeth shall stand at right angles to the back-or the bar
may be formed with plates B standing out from it along the whole of its length so
that every coil may be held between them whilst the coils are thus held the
back D is placed over the rounded or flattened extremities of the several coils
which are to form the base of the teeth of the comb and the coils are soldered into
it. A hollow tube D' or half tube or trough of any desired section may also be
soldered into the hollow of the back as shewn in the end view Figure 3B or the
hollow may otherwise be filled up with any suitable filling.
At each end of the comb a piece of sheet metal of the same form as each coil of
the spiral is soldered or otherwise attached to form the overall or end tooth and to
these the ends of the coil may be soldered or these end teeth may be of other
desired form.
In place of the base of the several teeth of the comb being soldered into a back
as above described they might be held between the coils of a second and smaller
spiral coil. For example a coil E such as shewn in Figures 4 may be used for

page_text: forming the teeth of a comb and a smaller coil F such as shewn at Figures 5 be
used for forming the back. In this case I first stretch and hold open the spiral
coil F and then stretch the spiral E and put the base end of each coil of the spiral
between the coils of the spiral F as shewn in the diagram view Figure 6 or I may
push one coil of E between every other coil of F as shewn in the diagram view
Figure 7. I then let the coils spring together and fill the space of the lower
part of the smaller coil and the upper part of the larger coil by passing into
it a metal rod of the shape required as shewn in Figure 8 or in other suitable
ways.
In this way the coils of the larger spiral which form the teeth of the comb are
locked securely to the smaller coil which forms the back.
In place of the comb teeth being formed from the coils of a spiral as above
described they might be formed from wire bent in a zig zag form as indicated by
the diagram perspective view Figure 9.
Curved combs known as side combs can be formed in either of the above
described ways with the back curved in the manner indicated at Figure 10 or in
the manner indicated at Figure 11. Double sided combs may also be constructed
with the teeth formed in the manner hereinbefore described. They can be made
by using a single spiral and fixing it in the middle as shewn in Figures 12 and 12ª
or by having two spirals fixed to opposite sides of the same back as shewn in
Figure 13 or the two spirals may be fixed to one rod or back as shewn at
Figures 14 and 15. As above stated it is not essential that all of the teeth of a comb
formed from wire bent into a flattened spiral or otherwise formed in one continuous
length should be secured to the back but they may be held only at intervals or at
the two ends so that there may be a certain amount of elasticity between the teeth
to allow them to spring apart or separate one from the other.
Brushes also may be formed from a number of parallel combs made in this way
with the teeth of each comb capable of a certain amount of movement towards or
away from one another and with the backs of the several combs secured in any
suitable way to a back which is to form the back of the brush.
Figure 16 shews a cross section of a brush formed in this way, each of the coils
being held to the back of the brush by a wire H passed through them which is
fixed at its ends to the back. To prevent the coils which form the teeth of any
one of the coils when pushed to one side as the brush is being used from inter-
locking with the coils which form the teeth of the next comb wires a may be
interposed between the spirals as shewn and these at their ends may be secured to
the end coils of the spirals or to the back. In place of holding the coils to the
back of the brush in manner above described they may be held to it in other ways.
For example the several coils of a spiral may be passed through slits in a metal
plate so as to project outwards from it and behind this plate may be applied an
elastic backing in various ways so as to allow the points to have a slight sideway
movement as well as towards or away from one another.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A comb the teeth of which are of bent wire the point of each tooth being
formed by a bend in the wire and the two portions of the wire on either side of the
bend standing at a distance apart and crosswise of the length of the comb sub-
stantially as described.
2. A comb the several teeth of which are of wire bent into a flattened spiral or
otherwise bent to form a series of similar teeth the bend at one end of each tooth
forming its point and that at the other being secured to a back substantially as
described.
3. The manufacture of combs substantially as hereinbefore described and illus-
trated in the drawings annexed.

page_text: 4. The manufacture of wire brushes substantially in the manner hereinbefore
described.
Dated 11 1
AT
1001
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.