Improvements in or relating to Burners for Liquid Fuel.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Burners for Liquid Fuel.
We, Sir W. G. ARMSTRONG, WHITWORTH & Co., LIMITED, and EDWIN LANCELO
ORDE, Engineer, both of Walker Shipyard, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, do hereby
declare the nature of our said invention to be as follows:-
The object of our invention is to effect improvements in or relating to burners
for petroleum in its various forms, or any other suitable fuel oil.
According to our invention the oil is carried to the burner by pipes of suitable
size, and is conducted through a tapered mouthpiece, in which a regulating
spindle is fitted for governing the velocity of the flow of oil. This tapered
mouthpiece is surrounded by steam which may or may not be superheated.
When the fuel issues from the orifice of this mouthpiece, the steam and oil
combine mechanically being carried forward through a further opening towards
the outer mouthpiece of the burner. This last mentioned mouthpiece is so
arranged that heated air may be drawn in and carried forward by the stream of
steam and oil, and thus assist the combustion.
In the delivery mouthpiece of the burner, or in front thereof, is sometimes
fitted a deflector or sprayer (preferably formed of steel) and held in a central
position by a blade of steel or other suitable material, formed with knife edges,
so as to diffuse the oil spray over a large area, when necessary.
The oil is delivered to the burner either under the pressure due to a head,
such as from a tank placed at a suitable height, or (preferably) by means of
a pump.
Improvements in or relating to Burners for Liquid Fuel.
Sir W. G. ARMSTRONG, WHITWORTH & Co., LIMITED, and EDWIN LANCELOT
ORDE, Engineer, both of Walker Shipyard, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, do hereby
declare the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be
CD77

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of our invention is to effect improvements in the construction of
burners for liquid fuel, such as petroleum or other suitable fuel oil, whereby the
oil is thoroughly heated, disintegrated or sprayed and partially or entirely
vaporised in a more effectual manner than by the burners at present in use.
And in order that our said invention may be particularly described and
ascertained reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings in which
similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the burner.
Fig. 2, is a modification of the upper part of the burner.
Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views.
The improved burner consists of three tapered or conical mouthpieces or
nozzles a, b, c, arranged one within the other telescopically; each is in communi-
cation with its supply pipe p, d, e, while the upper or innermost mouthpiece a,
is governed by a regulating spindle f. The oil is carried to the burner (from
any suitable source) by the pipe p, and being, preferably, under pressure, flows
through the mouthpiece a between the spindle f and the internal walls of the
mouthpiece, the velocity and amount of the flow of oil being regulated by the
position of the spindle f. The nozzle a, is situated within the nozzle b, and is
consequently surrounded by. the steam or hot compressed air which enters the
nozzle b by the pipe d; 'the steam may or may not be superheated.
When the oil issues from the nozzle a the steam or hot air and oil combine
mechanically and are carried forward through the nozzle b, into the burner
nozzle or mouthpiece c. The latter is in communication with a supply e of
heated air which becomes drawn into and commingled with the stream of oil
vapour and assists the combustion of the liquid fuel.
The spray which issues from the burner mouthpiece c may be further diffused
by fitting thereto a deflector or sprayer, Fig. 3; this consists of a conical stud h
held in a central position by a blade i of steel or other material formed with
knife edges. A shield r of wire gauze or other fine mesh material may also be
used as shown in Fig. 4.
In some cases it is found desirable to augment the supply of hot air to the
burner to further assist combustion. "With this object we form a chamber k
at the upper end of the burner, which chamber may be integral with or attached
to the upper nozzle a as shown in Fig. 2. The chamber is fed by the hot air
supply pipe and the spindle is formed hollow and perforated (as at m) to conduct
the hot air to the nozzle b, the upper end of the spindle f being plugged and
provided with a handle or knob such as shown in Fig. 1. In order to prevent
the oil, which is under pressure gaining access to the chamber k we provide cup-
leathers, as shown, or any other convenient method of packing; " is a stuffing
box surrounding the spindle f to render the joint fluid tight.
The spindle is adjustable longitudinally in order to more or less close the
opening through the nozzle a and may be provided with an annular flange o or
other suitable stop to prevent its withdrawal to such an extent as to allow the
admission of a larger quantity of oil than can be efficiently sprayed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that
what we claim is:-
1. A burner for liquid fuel arranged for commingling oil with steam and (or)
hot air, consisting of three tapered or conical nozzles a, b, and c, arranged
telescopically and supplied respectively with oil, steam (or hot compressed air)
and hot air, the oil and steam being under pressure and the latter in some cases
superheated; a spindle f passing down through the stuffing box n and the nozzle a

page_text: whereby the flow of oil is regulated or stopped, and with or without the sprayer
or diffuser g or r, arranged and operating substantially as set forth.
2. The combination, with the improved construction of burner described above,
of a chamber and a hollow perforated spindle f, the chamberk being in
communication with the supply of hot air, and provided with suitable packing
as described.
1000