A METHOD OF ATTACHING ARTIFICIAL OR NATURAL TEETH ON EXPANDED OR CONTRACTED FRAMES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Lukyn (the elder), of Broad Street and
of Radford House, Ilkestone Road, Nottingham, Dentist, for the Inven-
tion of "A METHOD OF ATTACHING ARTIFICIAL OR NATURAL TEETH ON
EXPANDED OR CONTRACTED FRAMES."
Sealed the 17th October 1860, and dated the 20th April 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Lukyn at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th April 1860.
I, WILLIAM LUKYN (the elder), of Broad Street, and of Radford House,
Ilkestone Road, Nottingham, Dentist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A METHOD OF ATTACHING ARTIFICIAL OR NATURAL TEETH ON
EXPANDED OR CONTRACTED FRAMES," to be as follows:-
I take my model in the usual way, and attach such teeth as may be best
adapted to the case on the frame, expanded over the teeth to the gum; this
forms a base on which to attach the whole of the front teeth, to cover for-
bidding teeth, and the frame (if necessary) is continued to the back molars to
supply deficiencies; this I call an expanded frame. The contracted frame is
placed within side of the upper teeth when they considerably project, and.

page_text: teeth are mounted on the frames at the back of the protruded teeth to take the
pressure off the gums in mastication.
I claim the novelty of Invention in covering the whole of the front
teeth.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Lukyn in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th October 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
LOXYN (the elder), of Broad Street, and of Radford House, Ilkestone
Road, in the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham, Dentist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Lukyn (the elder), Her special licence that I, the said
William Lukyn (the elder), my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said William Lukyn (the elder), my executors, administrators
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "A METHOD OF ATTACHING ARTIFICIAL OR NATURAL TEETH ON
EXPANDED OR CONTRACTED FRAMES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said William Lukyn (the elder), my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Lukyn (the elder), do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement that is to say:-
The nature of my said Invention is to hide from view forbidding or other
teeth in the human subject, which may have arisen from natural formation,

page_text: disease, accident, irregularity, contraction, or other causes, and to supply all the
deficiencies of the teeth on the same frame or frames, without in most cases
requiring any operation whatever upon the teeth.
The manner the same is effected is as follows:-I take my model in the
usual way, and cast it in plaster of Paris. On the plaster model I form my
frame for the upper or lower teeth, which is expanded over the teeth which
are to be covered or are deficient, and that in the front or at the sides of
the mouth, and pass it to or upon the gum, allowing the natural teeth that
are standing to pass through the frame at the back of the teeth that are to be
attached to the frame. This is an expanded frame, on which the whole of
the front and side teeth can be mounted, and would stand before and hide
from view the natural teeth in the mouth, or upon the frame being extended
to the back of the mouth, all deficiency of the teeth may be added for
mastication, and those in front of the mouth.
To keep the frame firm in the mouth, the usual method of dentists can be
resorted to, by attaching claws and other well-known appliances. Where the
front teeth are only to be supplied, and all the natural teeth are standing, the
modelling and formation of the frame is upon the same principle, but
the connection of the back and front of the frame is by thin plates or wires
passing between the teeth and secured to the frame; or a plate or bar or
other substance used in dentistry may have attached to it artificial teeth, which
are secured to the plate or other substance used in dentistry by the pins
attached to such artificial teeth; but to secure the frame in the mouth thin
plates may be passed between the teeth, which, where necessary, are to be
separated in the usual way, and wires are attached to the frame to clasp the
necks of the back of the teeth, instead of the front as now in use; but these
all constitute an expanded frame by passing over the front teeth, and supplying
all their deficiencies on the same frame.
Having set forth part of my Invention, and in what way the same is to be
performed, I proceed to describe the contracted frame, and in what way
the same is to be performed. In cases through accident, malformation, or
irrational use of the front teeth, they in some cases considerably project
beyond the lower teeth, and cause much inconvenience by the pressure of the
lower teeth upon the gum in mastication and the substances taken into the
mouth. In these cases I take my model in the usual way, and form my
frame as now used for artificial teeth. On the gum or palate of the frame,
I attach front teeth at the back of the natural teeth, and mount as many teeth
on the frame as may be best suited to the case, to raise the bite from the gum,
and which effects a pressure upon the fangs, and albeolar process to incline the

page_text: body of the protruding teeth inwards, which may be materially assisted by the
patient pressing the surface of the teeth to the arch required.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood, I do not claim as my
Invention the adaptation of frames passing over the gums, or of teeth let
through the frames, or of artificial teeth being placed over natural teeth, that
stand out of tho natural arch of the mouth, or of plates or wires passed
between the teeth; but I claim the Invention of covering with artificial teeth
the whole, including the bicuspids or part of the teeth in the front of the
mouth, and supplying all their deficiencies and continuing the same frame or
frames where required to the back of the mouth for the purpose of mastication,
and attaching all deficiences of the front teeth on the same frame.
In witness-whereof, I, the said William Lukyn (the elder), have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.