Improvements in the construction of my regenerative oil lamp
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 15th July, 1886.
Complete Left, 15th Apr., 1887
Complete Accepted, 17th May, 1887.
1 JAMES ROOTS 20 The Avenue Tottenham N. Engineer do hereby declare
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
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Improvements in the construction of my regenerative oil lamp for which a patent
was granted to me dated March 16/85 & numbered 3394. In making this lamp for a
circular burner with a button or deflector and with the oil below the level of the
burner, I find that the best results are produced by the following modifications.
The tubes or channels which convey the products of combustion to the chimney and
which enclose or surround more or less the air heating chamber, are made narrower one
way and longer the other, crescentic, so that they enclose more of the air heating
chamber, the tube wall presented to the heating chamber is concave and the outside
wall convex by this means the air becomes more heated and the flame more steady
and even; threo tubes are employed. The three wick cases used are constructed
similar to those shewn at Fig. 1 C in the before mentioned specification except that
the ends which form the burner are cut out in a curve each one being the arc of a
circle so that when the three are in place together, the ends form a circle and may be
kept true by slots cut in perforated metal. The cap or cone instead of being as at
Fig. 4 D conical or domeshaped is nearly flat like a disc and has numerous small
perforations. The wire which carries the button O Fig. 4 also carries another button
above the regenerating chamber which forms the trap I Fig. 1, the wire is capable of
sliding up and down within supports and is actuated by a small lever passing
through the chimney wall, the trap is thus raised perpendicularly instead of being
moved horizontally, the flame thus burns upward deflected by the upper button until
sufficient draught be created, when on closing the upper aperture, the flame burns
downward. The rim of the glass bowl is enclosed by a metal rim fitting it, the ends
of the metal rim form a part of the hinge, the pivot of which is a screw, thus per-
mitting the tightening of the metal rim on the glass at will, or the ready substitution
of another glass if one be broken. There is an annular space between the reservoir
and glass. Although three tubes or channels and three wicks are mentioned any
number may be employed. If two wicks are used they may also be used in one
complete wick case with a circular hole cut in the centre to form the burner, the wicks
may then be turned up and down in the usual manner, or the wick pinions may
instead gear into a metal plate or plates which may thus cover or uncover the wick
and asbestos at will.

page_text: I JAMES ROOTS formerly of 25 the Avenue, Tottenham N., now of 1 Wolsey
Gardens, Gunnersbury, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of my regenerative oil
lamps for which a patent was granted to me dated March 16-1885 and numbered
3394.
In making this lamp for a circular burner with a button or deflector and with the
oil below the level of the burner, I find that the best results are produced by the
following modifications, which I will describe by reference to the accompanying Sheet
of Drawing, upon which:-
Figure 1 is a vertical section through a circular wick lamp of my invention and
Figure 2 a plan of the same through line 1-2, Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a modification in which the button O is placed on separate wire
supports.
Figure 4 is an arrangement shewing two wicks enclosed in one case.
A indicates an annular reservoir; B is a joint for the purpose of securely attaching
the wick cases C, or burner; D a cap or covering disc shaped and having numerous
small perforations E are the airways or channels through which the air passes from
the exterior to the central or heating chamber; through which also the wick cases
pass; F are the tubes or channels of a crescented form fitting closely on to the
reflector, forming a chamber enclosing the central heating chamber and air channels
leading thereto; G is the chimney; H is the central or air heating chamber; I is a
trap or slide valve which is opened on first lighting the lamp to create a draught;
J is a toothed wheel or pinion for the purpose of regulating the light; K is the
lever for moving I; L is the reflector; M is the glass or globe.
The oil supply passes along the wicks in wick case (to the burner.
The tubes or channels F, which convey the products of combustion to the chimney G,
and which enclose or surround more or less the air heating chamber H, are made
narrower one way and longer the other (crescented) so that they enclose more of the
air heating chamber; the tube wall presented to the heating chamber is concave,
and the outer wall convex ; by this means the air becomes more heated and the flame
more steady and even; three or more tubes are employed.
The three wick cases C, used in this lamp are constructed similarly to those
described in the Specification to my Letters Patent No. 3394 of 1885; except that
the ends which form the burner are cut out in a curve, so that when the three are in
place together, the ends form a circle and may be kept true by slots cut in perforated
metal.
The cap or cone D instead of being conical or cone shaped as shown Figure 4 of
the Specification to my Letters Patent No. 3394 A.D. 1885 may be nearly flat like a

page_text: disc and have numerous small perforations to supply air to the upper surface of the
flame.
The wire which carries the button O, also carries a button or conical valve I (see
Figure 1) above the regenerating chamber; which is substituted for the trap I
Figure 1 of the Specification to my Letters Patent No. 3394 A.D. 1885. This
conical valve I is capable of sliding up and down on the wire carrying the button O,
and is actuated by a small lever K passing through the chimney wall; the trap is thus
raised perpendicularly instead of moved horizontally as described in the specification
to my Letters Patent No. 3394 A.D. 1885; the flame thus burns upward until suffi-
cient draught be created, when on closing the upper aperture the flame burns downward
or the button may be carried as shown Fig. 3.
Between the reservoir and glass there is an annular space Y, which assists in
keeping the reservoir cool.
Although three channels or tubes and three wicks are mentioned, any number may
be employed, the shape given to each wick case at the end which forms the burner
being such that when they are in position they constitute an annular burner.
If two wicks are used they may also be used in one complete wick case with a
circular hole cut in the centre to form the burner as at Fig. 4, (or the wick may be in
one piece in the one wick case) the wicks may then be turned up and down in the
usual manner, or the wick pinions may instead gear into a metal plate or plates at one
end surrounding the wick case, which may thus cover or uncover the wick and asbestos
at will.
The lamps are applicable for every purpose for which ordinary lamps are used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In an oil lamp, the use of the tubes or channels F, constructed, combined, and
arranged substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
2. In an oil lamp with a downward flame and having several wick tubes converging
to a centre, giving to the burner end of each of these tubes such form that when in
combination in the lamp they constitute a circular burner, substantially as described.
3. In an oil lamp with a downward flame, the perpendicularly moving trap I,
substantially as described and shown Figure 1 of the drawing.
4. In an oil lamp, the use of the perforated plate or disc D, through the open centre
of which the flame passes, substantially as described.
5. In an oil lamp, a circular burner in a single wick case, substantially as described
and illustrated Fig. 4 of the drawing.
6. Oil lamps constructed, combined, and arranged to operate substantially as
hereiffbefore described and illustrated on the annexed drawing.
Dated this Fifteenth day of April 1887.