An Improved Machine for Twisting Spiral Cutters or Edges Used in Machines for Shearing or Cropping Cloth, Wool, Silk, Coco Nut Matting, and the like.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Nov. 1888
Complete Specification Left. 2'st Aug., 1889-Accepted, 12th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Machine for Twisting Spiral Cutters or Edges Used
in Machines for Shearing or Cropping Cloth, Wool, Silk, Coco
Nut Matting, and the like.
1, HENRY SMITH of Thirlwell Mount Heeley Near Sheffield in the County of York
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
MACHINE FOR TWISTING SPIRAL CUTTERS OR EDGES USED IN MACHINES FOR SHEARING
THE LIKE," to be as
OR CROPPING CLOTH, WOOL, SILK, COCO NUT MATTING AND
follows:-
This invention relates to an improved machine for twisting double or single spiral
cutters or edges for shearing machines of every description, whereby any pitch or
angle of the twist may be obtained.
The essential feature of this invention is in the construction of a machine similar to
a lathe, having a long bed on which is a cross slide and saddle which travels the whole
length from one end to the other by means of a screw running underneath the bed,
which is caused to revolve by means of gearing placed on a quadrant at one end of
the bed while at the other end is a standard in which a shaft works round. At this
end of the machine is a gearing wheel secured to the shaft, this wheel is driven by
a fly wheel and pinion.
The travelling cross slide is in formation a jaw, on the top of which is placed a
twisting wheel working loosely through a cross plate beld securely by means of bolts
and nuts. On these bolts and above the cross plate are placed spiral springs of a
required strength for the purpose of keeping the above mentioned wheel to its work,
the shaft works in the said jaw and under the wheel. To keep the shaft in its place
three set screw pins are put in the jaw, one underneath the shaft and one through each
side of the jaw just or nearly touching the shaft to keep it in its place when twisting.
The said wheel is grooved on its edge to a required angle and shape of the blade or
cutter to be twisted.
When it is desired to twist a cutter the cross slide is placed at the driving end of
the machine leaving the whole length of the bed to travel on, a straight cutter of a
required length is then placed between the shaft and the groove in the twisting wheel,
the end of which is fitted into a projection on the shaft for the purpose of holding it
securely as the shaft rotates. While the shaft is going round the cross slide travels
the required length of the cutter by means of the screw underneath the bed. To alter
the twist, the gearing is altered which causes the cross slide to travel slower, or
quicker, and the cutter to have more or less twists, while the shaft is regulated in a
similar manner to be able to produce cutters with right or left hand twist to suit any
required machine used for shearing or cropping cloth, wool, silk coco nut matting and
the like.
This machine may be worked by hand or power.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Machine for Twisting Spiral Cutters or Edges Used
in Machines for Shearing or Cropping Cloth, Wool, Silk, Cocoa
Nut Matting, and the like.
I HENRY SMITH of Thirwell Mount, Heeley near Sheffield in the County of York
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of my Invention is to provide a machine by which cutters or edges used

page_text: in machines for shearing or cropping cloth wool silk cocoa nut matting and the like
can be twisted to any required pitch or angle in a ready rapid and efficient manner
the cutters being if so desired concaved or bent into a curved shape in cross section
at the same time that they are twisted.
According to my Invention I provide a base or bed on which a cross slide and
- saddle can be traversed lengthwise.
Passing lengthwise of the machine is a rod or spindle provided with means for
rotating it and also with a key or device in which one end of the cutter or of the
flange of the cutter to be twisted or twisted and concaved is received so as to be secured
laterally to the said rod or spindle. The said cross slide and saddle carry a guide for
receiving the cutter proper or projecting web.
Thus when a cutter to be twisted is secured at one end to the said rod or spindle
and the said rod or spindle is rotated whilst the cross slide and saddle and the guide
which receives the projecting web or cutter proper are at the same time traversed
longitudinally of the said rod or spindle the cutter is twisted into a helix or screw like
form of the desired pitch. If it be desired also to curve or concave the cutter in its
cross section after the manner described and claimed in the Specification of my appli-
cation for Letters Patent No. 17553 dated the 1st December 1888 the device on the
cross slide and saddle by which the projecting web or cutter proper is confined may
be made of such a form that it as it travels over the said web gives it the concaved or
curved form desired.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed sheets of drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 is a side elevation and Figure 2 is an end elevation of a machine con-
structed in accordance with my Invention.
Figures 3 and 4 shew in elevation and plan respectively the cross slide and saddle
separately. Figure 5 shews separately and drawn to a larger scale the device fore
embracing the projecting web or cutter proper. This device is shewn as formed for
bending the web into a concave or curved form in cross section as hereinbefore
mentioned and I will describe the machine as being arranged for giving that form as
well as for twisting the cutter into the screw like or helical form
being understood
that if the cutter is only to be twisted the device Figure 5 is made straight instead of
being of the form to give the said concaving or curving in cross section.
A is the bed of the machine in which is fitted to turn the long screw B mounted in
bearings at both ends. On this screw B runs the nut c secured to the saddle C which
is fitted to slide longitudinally in guide ways on either side of the bed plate. This
saddle carries the base C₁ having projections (2 embracing the rod or spindle D
mounted so that it can be rotated by means of the hand wheel d and gear
wheels d.d³ do. This base can be moved cross wise on the saddle and constitutes
the aforesaid cross slide.. At the other end this spindle is provided with a gear
wheel d which through the gear wheels e e drives the screw B through the toothed
wheel 6 fixed to it. The gear wheels are so proportioned that the rate of rotation of
the rod or spindle D bears a relation to that of the screw B and consequently to the
rate of longitudinal movement of the saddle C in accordance with the degree of helical
twist to be given to the cutter. It will be evident that by change wheels this relation
can be altered to give any required degree of helical twist.
The projections C terminate in rods.c² c2 on which the cross bar f is fitted
the said cross har being pressed down by the springs g with a force adjustable by
means of the bar h sliding on the rods 2 c2 and bearing on the springs and by means
of the wheels formed with nuts running on screw threads on the rods the springs
are more or less compressed. The cross bar f carries the device H for receiving the
projecting web of the cutter. It consists of a forked piece ¹ with a screwed stem h²
passing through a plain hole in a screw which is screwed through the bar fand
can be adjusted by the nut 2². A nut h³ screws on to the projecting end of the
stem h² and secures the device H in position but so that it can swivel in a horizontal
-

page_text: plane. The fork piece h¹ carries a runner j curved on its face and projecting from
one member of the said forked piece is a stem with a curved end piece k capable of
rotating in the bearing for it in the said member. This stem can be moved nearer to
or further from the runner; by the screw 2. The opposed faces of the runner; and
curved end piece k receive the web of the cutter and the degree of cross sectional
curvature or concaving given to the said web can be adjusted by moving the curved
end piece k nearer to or further from the runner j. are screws which serve as
guides or steadiers for the rod or spindle D. mm are screws for adjusting the cross
slide in the saddle.
N is the key or holder for securing the end of the cutter to the rod or spindle. It
consists of a piece of metal n let into an undercut cross recess in the spindle and
formed with a perforation n² shaped to receive and hold the end of the cutter which
may be firmly held by the screw n³. It and the parts in connection with it are shewn
in detail in Figure 6. When a cutter is to be operated upon, its end is passed through
the device H (which is now close up to the key N) and into the key N. Motion being
imparted to the machine by manual or other power the rod D and screw B are
rotated and so the helical twist is given to the cutter whilst the device H as it travels
along the web of the cutter gives it the requisite concaving or curvature.
The machine may be used for twisting or twisting and concaving cutters of any
shape in cross section and either with single or double webs or cutters proper the
key N being of the shape to receive the end of the cutter and the device H being
single or double according to whether single or double cutters are to be operated on.
I do not limit myself to the precise details illustrated as it will be evident that
they may be varied without departing from the nature of my Invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The arrangement and combination of parts constituting the machine substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In machines for the purposes mentioned the combination of a spindle and means
for giving it movement of rotation and with means for securing thereto one end of
the cutter to be twisted and a longitudinally moveable device which grasps or
embraces the projecting web of the cutter substantially as herein before described
whether the said moveable device be made so as to give a concave or curved form in
cross section to the cutter or not.
Dated this 21st day of August 1889.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
Agents.