AN IMPROVED FASTENING FOR SECURING TARPAULINS OR COVERS OVER SHIPS HATCHES
Year: 1882

page_text: :
LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Marlborough and James Cunningham, of
Sunderland in the County of Durham Iron Ship Builders for an Invention
ז הדי
of AN IMPROVED FASTENING FOR SECURING TARPAULINS OR COVERS OVER
SHIPS HATCHES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Marlborough and
James Cunningham at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
2nd August 1882.
it
THOMAS MARLBOROUGH and JAMES CUNNINGHAM of Sunderland in the
County of Durham, Iron Shipbuilders, "AN IMPROVED FASTENING FOR SECURING
TARPAULINS OR COVERS OVER SHIPS HATCHES
"
Our invention relates to an improved fastening specially adapted for securing
the tarpaulins, used for covering and making water tight the hatches of steam
ships and other vessels, and designed to avoid the inconvenience and danger arising
from the frequent failure of the fittings now employed.
זוני
To effect this we fit each of the ordinary "cleats," which are rivetted to the
"coamings" round the hatchway, with a bolt passing through a hole in open end
of "cleat," which bolt has a head on its outer end and a split pin or other fitting at
its opposite end to prevent it coming out of the "cleat." "Through the body part
of this bolt is formed a slot or keyway into which a tapered key can be driven,
the back of which key acting upon the cleat as a fulcrum, draws forward the bolt
against the binding bar, between which and the "coaming". the tarpaulin or cover
of the hatch is securely gripped. When the tarpaulin is required to be removed
the keys are easily driven out by a hammer, when the binding bars are loosened
and it can be pulled away. To prevent the keys being mislaid or lost we attach
them by small chain's each to the bolt to which it belongs. The operation of
covering in the hatches is as follows;-the tarpaulin being hauled down over the
"coamings," each of the binding bars is placed opposite the ends of the bolts and
the keys of the two extreme bolts, being driven in, force them against the bar and
hold it in position until the bolts in each of the "cleats are forced up against the
bar by the keys being driven home. The keys are as easily driven out; the bin ling
bars fall back and the tarpaulin can be hauled off. The keys are always ready for
use, by being attached to their bolts; no screwed bolts nor tapped holes, liable to
stripping threads or injury by rough usage at sea, or loose wedges to be mislaid or
lost are employed.
!!!
"

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Marlborough and James Cunningham in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 2nd February 1883.
THOMAS MARLBOROUGH and JAMES CUNNINGHAM of Sunderland in the
County of Durham Iron Shipbuilders AN IMPROVED FASTENING FOR SECURING
TARPAULINS OR COVERS OVER SHIPS HATCHES.
Our invention relates to an improved fastening specially adapted for securing the
tarpaulins used for covering and making water-tight the hatches of Steam Ships
and other vessels, and designed to avoid the inconvenience and danger arising from
the frequent failure of the fittings now employed.
"
To effect this we fit each of the ordinary "cleats" which are rivetted to the
coaming" round the hatchway, with a bolt passing through a hole in open end
of "cleat," which bolt has a head on its outer end and a split pin or other fitting
at its opposite end to prevent it coming out of the "cleat." Through the body
part of this bolt is formed a slot or keyway into which a tapered key can be
driven, the back of which key acting upon the cleat as a fulcrum draws forward the
bolt against the binding bar, between which and the "coaming" the tarpaulin or
cover of the hatch is securely gripped. When the tarpaulin is required to be
removed the keys are easily driven out by a hammer when the binding bars are
loosened and it can be pulled away. To prevent the keys been mislaid or lost
we attach them by small chains each to the bolt to which it belongs. The operation
of covering in the hatches is as follows: the tarpaulin being hauled down over
the "coamings" each of the binding bars is placed opposite the ends of the bolts and
the keys at the two extreme bolts being driven in force them against the bar and
hold it in position until the bolts in each of the "cleats" are forced up against the
bar by the keys being driven home. The keys are as easily driven out, the
binding bars fall back and the tarpaulin can be hauled off. The keys are always
ready for use, by being attached to their bolts; no screwed bolts nor tapped holes,
liable to stripping threads or injury by rough usage at sea, or loose wedges to be
mislaid or lost are amplarred.
"
Figure 1. Shews an elevation of a portion of a hatchway as ordinarily constructed
in Iron Ships or Steamers. Figure 2 Shews an end view in section of one end or
side of a batchway. Figure 3 Shews a plan of same. Figures 4 and 5 shew the
cleat bolt and taper key full size. A is the "coaming" round batchway with a
bead B round its upper edge. C. C. C are the "cleats" rivetted to the "coaming
D. D. D are bolts passing through holes in the "cleats" and E. E. E are tapered
keys to fit key ways in the bolts D. D. D which are provided with sufficient "draw
at back of key to allow the key, when drawn in, to force the bolt against the
binding bar F the straight back of the key bearing against the cleat as a fulcrum,
G is a small chain round the neck of the bolt attached to the key E to prevent it
being lost and H is a split or other pin in point of bolt to prevent it slipping out of
the cleat
"
Having now described our invention and illustrated the method in which it may
be practically applied, although we do not bind ourselves to details we claim as
new and secured to us by Letters Patent.
The application of a bolt inserted loosely in a cleat, drawn up by a tapered key,

page_text: acting against the cleat as a fulcrum, against a binding bar to secure the covering
of a hatchway substantially as shewn and described.
In witness whereof I the said James Cunningham on behalf of myself and
the said Thomas Marlborough have hereunto set my hand and seal this
first day of February in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred
and eighty three.
Witness:
T. J. DANSON F. Inst. P.A
Consulting Engineer & Patent Agent
Newcastle upon Tyne
JAMES. CUNNINGHAM (L 8.)