IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BAGS, AND MACHINERY CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Coates and Joseph James Bissicks, both of
B
the City and County of Bristol, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BAGS, AND MACHINERY CONNECTED THEREWITH.”
Sealed the 8th August 1879, and dated the 25th February 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Coates and Joseph
James Bissicks at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th
February 1879.
Thomas Coates and JOSEPH JAMES BISSICKS, both of the City and County
of Bristol. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BAGS AND MACHINERY
CONNECTED THEREWITH."
Our improvements refer to the general construction and arrangement of
mechanism for the printing and manufacture of paper bags from a continuous
roll of paper with square or block bottoms, to the method of taking the curl out of
and withdrawing the paper from the roller, and depositing a streak of paste longi-
tudinally ou one edge and at intervals across the paper in required position, all
being on the top side of the paper before the folding takes place; to the arrange-
ment and mechanism of paste box, together with the levers and moveable step con-
nected therewith; to the apparatus and mechanism for printing the paper on
leaving the roll and before the paper is folded; to the mechanism and means by
which the paper is placed on the mould plate, the form of the mould plate and
means of actuating the same; to the form of the creasers the sliding racks and
spindles to which the creasers are attached and the means of actuating the same;
to the finger lever, also to the slide and bridle lever for turning the flaps and
method of actuating the same; to the racks, slides, cams, and tappets with the
mechanism connected therewith, and to the whole arrangement by which the end
of the bag is formed, together with the box and flaps; also the guage plate attached
to the box and method of actuating the same.
A convenient way of carrying the Invention into effect is as follows:-
We provide a spindle upon which are two movable cones, and upon which a roll

page_text: of paper is placed and held in the required position beneath a rack or strainer
through which the paper is made to pass, and immediately over this rack is a guide
roller and rotary printing apparatus revolving intermittently. The paper is passod
over the guide roller in a continuous sheet on to a bed, over which it is drawn by
two pairs of drawing rollers which revolve intermittently at the opposite end of the
bed of the machine. The paper on passing over the guide roller receives an impres-
sion from the printing apparatus; from thence it passes underneath a box containing
adhesive material in which an intended roller is made to revolve immediately over
the parts of the paper required to be pasted, the paper is lifted up to the pasted
surface of the roller by means of a lever underneath the bed of the machine; having
received a deposit of paste the paper is cut off the required length by a knife which
descends between the drawing rollers; the severed portion of the paper is then
taken by a pair of pliers and led on to a mould plate, which at this time is lying
level with the bed of the machine. This mould plate is oblong and flat, being
shaped on its forward end at right angles to its width; it is hollow, and the middle
and two outer portions of the interior are movable; the middle portion forming the
apex of the angle maintains the shape of the paper in required position until the
creasing operation has taken place, after which it is withdrawn by means of a spring
lever acted upon by a tappit affixed in required position on a drum upon an inter-
mediate shaft. The two outer portions are thrust forward when the bag is required
to be removed from the plate, and instantly returns to former position by means of
a spring lever. The mould plate is fixed to a beam which is made to rise and fall
at intervals by means of covered cams affixed to the main shaft; the pliers having
left the paper in required position on the mould plate the beam ascends, carrying
the paper upwards, which is made to fold under or round the mould plate by means
of flaps hinged to a framing or box attached to the head or front portion of the
machine. These flaps are closed and opened at the proper time by means of com-
pound levers suspended from the head of the machine and attached to the flaps, and
also connected further to two other levers fixed inside the frames, one on each side,
by bridles having adjusting screws. These levers are acted upon by tappets placed
in required position on the main shaft; in closing, one flap precedes the other, so that
one side of the paper may overlap. A tubo is thus formed the mouth of which is
now lifted or opened by a small lever or finger which balances the paper against a
gauge plate attached to the box upon which the flaps are hung. This gauge plate rises
with the mould plato, and falls, on the descent of the latter, by its own gravity.
The end of the tube so balanced is now creased or flattened down over the mould
plate by means of creasers which are suspended from the head of the machine upon
spindles, a little above the angle of and parallel to the mould plate, when the latter
has carried the paper upwards. The creasers are made each to advance and recede
at the proper time by means of a lever and slide acted upon by two grooved cams
fixed to a shaft or cross-bar on the head of the machino. The creasers are each
made to turn half a circle at the proper time by means of a rack and pinion
attached to the spindles which carry the creasers and the rack frames. These move
in a slide on the top part of the head of the machine. The racks are acted upon by
two surface tappets fixed in proper position on the shaft or cross bar on the head of
the machine; a spring is attached to each of the rack frames and spindles, which
keeps the racks in contact with the tappets and also brings the creasers to original
position on the pressure of the latter being removed. The creasers now revolve half
a circle, one preceding the other, which causes the bottom seam to overlap, and
remains a short time in this position, the creasers being so formed that one end of
each remains on the end of the tube and forms a guage against which the back and
front flaps are now folded over. This is done by means of, first, the back flap; &
slide fixed on the interior of the box is made to advance at the proper time by
means of a lever acted upon by a tappet fixed to an upright spindle and again
withdrawn by means of a spiral spring; by this means the slide is made to pass
under the flap and over the end of the creasers, thereby folding the corner over,

page_text: Secondly, the front flap is lifted over the creasers by a bridle or compound lever
which is fixed to a frame attached to the head of the machine and acted upon by
the same lever and simultaneously with the slide which turns the back flap.
The bag being now formed the creasers are withdrawn and the bag is removed
from the mould plate, being thrust off the latter by means of the outer portion of
the interior of the mould plate, which is pushed forward by a lever acted on by a
tappet fixed in required position on a drum upon an intermediate shaft. This
operation carries the bag into the bite of two taking off rollers which are constantly
running. These receive and pass the bag on and into the drying apparatus, con-
sisting of a hollow steam drum over which a stout band the width of the drum is
made to pass, thereby keeping the bag in contact with the heated surface, and thus
pressing and drying it at the same time, after which it is delivered on to a table or
receiver from which a girl removes the bags at intervals. The beam with mould
plate now descends, the flaps re-open, the middle interior portion of the mould plate
is thrust forward by means of a lever and tappet fixed in required position on the
drum on the intermediate shaft, and held in such position until the traverse of
the creasers when it is again withdrawn. By this time the creasers, finger levor,
slide, and bridle lever have resumed their original position. By this time also
another length of paper is led up to the feed and cut off ready for the pliers to seize
and transfer it into position on the mould plate. The pliers are placed at the
opposite end of the machine to where the roll of paper is placed, and is fixed upon
a barrel made to slide upon a rigid rod screwed to a frame parallel to but a little
above the mould plate. When the beam is down the pliers are made to advance
and recede by means of a compound lever of required form bolted to a bracket fixed
on the extender of the frames at the front part of the machine; this lever is con-
nected to the barrel on which the pliers are mounted and is acted upon by a covered
cam or tappet fixed in required position on the main shaft. The pliers advance
closed until near the sheet of paper when the tail part of the top half is pressed
down by a swing tappet placed in required position which cause the pliers to open
and close on the paper immediately. This tappet being loose on the return of the
pliers the latter is kept closed by a spring until the tail part passes under a second
rigid tappet which opens the pliers as soon as the paper is led into the required
position, upon which the plate again ascends. Upon the forward half of the top
part of the pliers and near the end a T piece is placed, which on the pliers receding
comes in contact with two small levers fixed on a bracket which supports the end of
the rod upon which the barrel of the pliers is made to slide; these levers acted upon
by the piece immediately descends and bends the paper slightly over the mould
plate, thereby preventing any disposition to recoil or move. After the pliers have
let go the paper the levers are made to resume their former position by means of
two small springs; the taking off rollers, two in number, placed one above the other,
are made of iron covered on the raised portions in the centre with india rubber;
they are made to work in bearings attached to the inside front part of the frames,
the top roller being balanced by means of a bridle bearer at each end of the spindle
which is held by two spiral springs attached to studs fixed on the frames. The
centre or bite of these two rollers is in front of and parallel to the mould plate when
the bag is removed from the latter by the thrust off. Upon the end of the spindle
of the top roller on the right hand side is a small groved pulley over which a gut
band is made to pass from the grooved pulley on the spindle of the fly wheel by
which motion is imparted.
The machine is provided with two frames of iron bolted together at each end at
the foot by means of suitable extenders, and is further secured by the iron bed
which is fastened by screws to projecting ears or flanges on the inside of the frames,
also by a smaller frame or head bolted to the two principal frames on the front
part of the machine at the top; on the end of the machine opposite to where the
roll of paper is placed are two bars bolted into brackets on the end of the frames,
and further supported at the extreme ends by a tail or cross piece, to which is fixed

page_text: an upright bar or foot. Upon the tail or cross piece is placed in suitable mounting
the rigid tappet which opens the pliers, and in the centre of the cross piece is bolted
the rod upon which the barrel carrying the pliers is made to slide. Upon the right
hand bar is placed the swing tappet which opens the pliers on their taking hold of
the paper. Upon these two bars is also fixed by suitable caps and screws the
drying apparatus, which is provided with two suitable frames having bearings for
the spindle of a hollow steam drum fitted with stuffing boxes and valves for inlet
and outlet of steam, also bearings for three other iron guide rollers, under and over
which and the drum a cloth or band is made to pass; also on the left side of the
drum spindle a grooved pulley is placed, by which motion is given to the whole by
a gut band passing over a smaller pulley fixed on the main shaft fixed upon the
inside of the frames of the drying apparatus, and facing the fore part of the machine;
immediately opposite and close to the taking off rollers a hollow curved tube is
placed, in such position that when the bag is run off by the former it passes up the
tube and is received between the surface of the steam drum and the cloth or band,
which being always in motion retains the bag for a time on the surface of the drum,
and finally delivers it on to the table or receiver. The main shaft is placed in
suitable bearings with caps on the front part of the frames, and upon this shaft, on
the inside of each frame, are placed two covered grooved cams of suitable form, by
which the beam carrying the mould plate is lifted; this is done by the beam being
fixed with screws to a slide, one on each side, working in slips attached to the inside
fore part of the frame; on the lower ends of the slides is a bowl which runs in the
grooves of the cams. Inside of these cams, on the main shaft, are fixed by collar
and set screw the two tappets acting upon the levers which close and open the
flaps. Also about the centre of the main shaft the covered can or tappet for
working the pliers is fixed, and alongside this is the small pulley for driving the
steam drum; outside the frame, on the right hand side of main shaft, is placed a
spur cog wheel which is acted upon by a pinion cog wheel fixed on a spindle placed
immediately before and above the main shaft; this spindle is supported inside the
frame by a bracket and bearing, also by another bearing attached to the frame; on
the end of the spindle, inside the frame, is a grooved pulley which is connected by
a gut band to a smaller grooved pulley placed on one of the spindles of the taking
off rollers; on the end of the spindle, outside the frame, is placed, first, the pinion
cog wheel, then a fly wheel, and lastly, a fast and loose pulley for belting to work
by steam; on the other side of the spur wheel on the main shaft is geared a carrier
cog wheel fixed upon a stud bolted to the frame; this wheel is geared and gives
motion to another cog wheel fixed on the right hand side of an intermediate shaft
outside the frame; on the left hand side of the main shaft, outside the frame, is
fixed a cog wheel, and geared behind this, to which it gives motion, is a second cog
wheel of similar dimensions fixed on a stud bolted to the frame; on the outer end
of the boss of this wheel is also fixed a small bevilled cog wheel, which is geared to
another of the same form and size fixed on the bottom end of an upright spindle, to
which it gives motion, having a similar bevilled wheel on the top end geared into
another of the same shape and size fixed upon the end of an horizontal bar or shaft
working in bracket bearings bolted to the top of the head of the machine; by this
means motion is imparted to this bar or shaft, upon which the grooved cams and
surface tappets are placed which actuate the rack frames and creasers moving in
the slips on the top of the head of the machine.
On the upright spindle near the top and below the cog wheel is also placed a
tappet fixed in position by a screw; this acts upon the lever which works the slide
and bridle movement for turning the back and front flaps; the spindle is held in
position by brackets and bearers bolted to the frame. The finger is worked by a
compound lever fixed to a bracket fastened on the head of the machine and acted
upon by a surface tappet fixed on the horizontal cross bar or shaft before named;
the lever is held against the surface of the tappet by means of a spiral spring
attached to the underside of the head. .

page_text: Upon the right hand side of the intermediate shaft, outside the frame, is a cog
wheel before named, fixed upon the side of which in required position by a stud
bolt is a small bowl; this acts upon a compound lever which causes the knife to
fall in cutting, and which is again brought to former position by a spiral spring
attached to the lever and frame; on the end of this shaft, outside the cog wheel, is
a small surface tappet which acts upon a compound lever attached to the frame
and bed of the machine; this lever holds the paper securely on the oporation of
cutting taking place, and is recovered into position by its own gravity on the
pressure from the tappet leavit it. The intermediate shaft works in suitable
bearings and caps on the frames; noar the middle of the shaft, inside the frames, is
a drum, on the surface of which are placed in required position and of suitable form
two raised tappets, which act upon two compound levers attached to a cross bar;
below and inside the frames one of these levers acts upon the middle interior
movable portion of the mould plate, and the other tappet acts upon the two outer
movable portions of the interior of the mould plate; each of these movements being
recovered to original position by springs, a small grooved pulley is also placed on
the intermediate shaft between the drum and the frame; on the left hand side a
gut band is made to pass over this pulley which actuates the inking roller of the
printing apparatus. Upon the intermediate shaft on the left hand side, outside the
frame, is a disc and flange, upon the edge of which, in suitable position, is a small
bowl fixed by a stud bolt; above this disc and attached to the frame also by a stud
bolt is a cog wheel, upon the boss of which is keyed a four star wheel, which
upon the disc revolving once round causes the bowl on the latter to enter
one of the slotted arms of the star wheel, by which it is moved round one
fourth of a revolution. The cog wheel attached to the star wheel is geared into
two smaller cog wheels fixed on the ends of the spindles of the two top drawing
rollers, which cause these to turn one complete revolution, the difference in the large
and smaller cog wheels being as one to four, thus drawing forward intermittently
at the required time as much paper as is equal to the circumference of the rollers.
These rollers are placed in required positions in movable bearings attached to the
frames and are formed of iron spindles upon which four moveable fluted metal
collars are fixed in such positions as may be required to draw the paper without
interfering with the pasted portions. These movable collars are only placed on the
two top drawing rollers, the two bottom ones only requiring one collar, the width
of the paper; the top surfaces of the bottom rollers are level with the bed of tho
machine and the collars are made in sets of five different sizes, as the circumference
of these rollers determine the length of paper run off at each revolution to make the
various sized bags on the one machine. Upon the projecting ends of the spindles
of these two pairs of drawing rollers and upon the right hand, outside the frame, are
placed four cog wheels, one on each, geared in pairs to ensure uniform running.
Also upon the spindle of the top roller of the front pair, outside the collars, is fixed
at each end in required position a small tappot which as the roller moves round
bears upon two other small tappets fixed on the bed of the machine and so lifts the
roller off the paper after the latter is cut by the knife, and leaving it free for the
pliers to take into the feed. The two top rollers are balanced by a spring on each
sido acting upon the spindles by means of bearers and screws fixed on the frames;
on the left hand side of the top roller of the back pair is placed in required position
a small grooved pulley over which a gut band is made to pass on to another small
grooved pulley fixed upon the end and giving motion to the spindle of the indented
roller in the paste box. Upon the right hand side of the spindle of the bottom
roller of the back pair, inside the frame, is fixed a small bevilled cog wheel which is
geared and gives motion to another bevilled wheel of the same size fixed upon the
end of a spindle lying parallel to and inside the frame extending backwards. This
spindle is kept in position by bearers bolted to the frame, having also upon its
farther end another bevilled cog wheel; this again is geared into and gives motion
to another bevilled wheel of similar dimensions fixed on the spindle of the guide

page_text: roller over which the paper is first made to pass on leaving the roll. On the spindle
to the left of the guide roller a cog wheel is placed which projects through the bed
plate; this wheel gives motion and is geared into the bottom roller of the printing
apparatus.
The paste box, oblong in shape, is raised upon feet and fixed to the bed of the
machine in required position; the bottom of the box is perforated, conforming to the
indentations of the pasting roller; the latter works in bearings which are fixed in
the box at each end by suitable means. The surface of the roller projects beyond
the bottom of the box, but not to touch the bed of the machine, and it is placed
immediately over the lover which is made to rise through the bed and so brings the
This lever is made to rise
paper in contact with the pasted surface of the roller.
by a compound lever fixed on the underside of the bed plate and acted upon at
intervals by the surface tappet on the drum of the intermediate shaft which also
actuates the thrust off. To the left of the paste roller and fixed in the bed plate is
a small step or movable plate regulated by a screw; this holds up the edge of the
paper as it is drawn forward, so as to keep the side seam always in contact with the
paste roller. A guage with adjusting screws is fixed to the paste box so as to regu-
late the quantity of paste on the face of the roller. Springs are fixed to the bottom
of the paste box to ensure the paper leaving the roller after receiving a deposit of
paste. The top blade of the knife is connected by a bridle with a lever fixed to a
bracket on the right hand side of the frame, and between the two pairs of drawing
rollers the bottom blade is fixed by screws to the bed of the machine, and remains
rigid, the top blade being hinged to the bottom one by suitable means on the right
hand side. A small spring fixed to a stud on the bed plate and to the left of the
top blade of the knife gives the required draught to the latter in the operation of
cutting. The printing apparatus consists of suitable frames placed immediately over
the first guide roller, the top of which is on a level with the bed plate; in these
frames are fixed bearings of suitable form and in required positions, so that the
several rollers may be taken in and out readily; the rollers are one plain roller
placed over and in contact with the guide roller and of the same circumference,
this is to be used only when the bags are not required to be printed; one roller of
smaller diameter adapted to receive on its surface a curved electrotype or an india
rubber stamp of the subject matter required to be printed on the bag. This roller
has a cog wheel on the left hand side of the spindle outside the printing frame and
geared into the cog wheel on the left side of the guide roller by which motion is
imparted. Immediately above this, and if for printers' ink and an electrotype, are
three others called inking rollers, covered with a specially prepared composition and
in contact with the type, the surface of which receives a deposit of ink on each revo-
lution of the printing roller; above these three rollers are two others of similar
composition and in contact with the three former; these two are called distributing
rollers. Above and in between these is a sixth roller of plain iron; this is made to
revolve against a small dock containing printers' ink, and is called a feed roller
having a small grooved pulley on the left hand side outside of the printing frame
over which a gut band is made to pass from the small pulley on the intermediate
shaft, by which motion is given to the feed roller. When an india rubber stamp is
used a continuous band of flannel is made to revolve in a dock in which is prepared
fluid ink, the flannel passing from the dock between two rollers which regulate the
quantity of ink absorbed, the flannel then passes under the three inking rollers and
over the surface of the rubber stamp which receives a deposit of ink on each revolu-
tion of the printing rollers. Slips of brass of suitable form are fixed to the bed of
the machine on each side and slightly to overhang the edges of the paper to serve
as guides in the traverse of the former by the drawing rollers.
According to one arrangement one machine will make five different sizes of bags
in length only; to effect this the bed of the machine is made of iron in sections or
parts so that they may be readily adjustable in any required position on the frames.
The sets of movable collars which form the drawing rollers are of various circum-

page_text: ferences, according to the lengths of paper to be run off for any given sized bags.
The bearings for the spindles of the drawing rollers are inovable so as to adjust the
latter in any required position on the frames. The first guide roller, together with
the two rollers for plain and printed bags, are in sets of five, the circumferences of
which are equal with that of the drawing rollers. The pitch line of the cog wheels
on the ends of the spindles of the two pairs of drawing rollers is equal with that of
the circumferences of the various sets of movable collars forming the drawing rollers,
and sets of wheels are provided to meet the necessary changes. The cog wheel
attached to the star wheel is also made in sets of five, according to the various sizes
of the cog wheels on the drawing rollers. The lever acting on the knife is lengthened
or shortened according to the position of the knife in cutting off paper of various
length.
We do not confine ourselves to the precise details, proportions, or dimensions of
the various forms of mechanism described which may be varied or modified without
departing from the Invention.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Coates and Joseph Jamos Bissicks in the Great Seal Patont
Office on the 25th August 1879.
THOMAS COATES and JOSEPH JAMES BISSICKS, both of the City and County of
Bristol. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANufacture of PAPER BAGS AND MACHINERY
CONNECTED THEREWITH.”
Our improvements refer to the construction and general combination or arrange-
ment of mechanism for the printing on and manufacture of paper bags from a
continuous roll of paper, with square or block bottoms.
According to our Invention a web or continuous roll of paper of suitable width
is placed in position at one end of the machine, the end being drawn intermittently
forward by drawing rollers it is made to pass first through a rack or strainer which
reinoves the bend or curl, after which it passes over a guide roller and under a
rotary printing roller, from which printed or other impressions may be received,
after which it is drawn forward on to a table and under paste rollers which deposits
a continuous streak of paste on one edge and at intervals transversely in required
position, all being on the top side of the paper, which is then moved forward to a
knife which severs the paper at intervals in the required lengths; the forward edge
of the severed portion of the paper is by this time led up to the mould plate, which
consists of three parts, and is made of the size and width required for the bag to be
formed; the piece of paper is next seized by pairs of pliers which transfer it on to
the mould plate in suitable position, when strikers descend immediately to which a
gauge plate with a slide attached is fixed. The sides of the paper are depressed by
the strikers, upon which a slide advances on either side and so bends the paper
under and around the mould plate. At this time a finger lever lifts or opens the
mouth of the tube against the gauge plate, which balances the paper in required
position for the traverse of rotary creasers which now turn down and flattens the
paper down on the mouldplate, the centre portion of which is now withdrawn. A
slide connected to a bit lever then advances and simultaneously folds the two
corners or flaps over the parallel sides of the creasers, acting as a gauge in forming
the square bottom of the bag. The bag being now completely formed the creasers
are withdrawn and the bag is removed from the mouldplate by the movable outside
portion of the latter being thrust forward and carrying the bag into the bite of a
pair of taking off rollers, which remove the bag from the mould plate into a pressing
and drying apparatus which conveys the bag on to a receiving table. The process
being now finished and the several parts having resumed their former positions the
the pliers by this time have seized another length of paper and the operation is
again repeated.
In order that our improvements may be clearly understood reference is given to
the accompanying Sheets of Drawings, which are intended to illustrate all the parts
of the machine in plain and dotted lines; also details of the most intricate parta
with reference to each particular movement embodied in our machine.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, Figure 2 is a front elevation, and Figure 3 is a plan
of machinery constructed according to our Invention; Figure 4 is an end elevation
and Figure 5 is a side elevation in detail of the paste box, indented rollers, and
levers; Figure 6 is an elevation and Figure 7 is a plan in detail of the printing
roller; Figure 8 is a plan in detail of the mould plate and taking off rollers;
Figure 9 is a plan in detail shewing various positions of the creasers with gauge
plate, slide, and bit lever; Figure 10 is a side elevation in detail of the pliers with
rigid and swing tappets; Figure 11 is a side elevation in detail of the slide strikers,
gauge, and mould plate, with finger lever opening the mouth of the tube; Figure 12
is a plan of the paper tube opened by the finger lever, as in Figure 11; Figure 13
is a plan of the tube flattened down after the traverse of the rotary creasers, as

page_text: shewn in Figure 9; Figure 14 is a plan of the finished bag after the traverse of the
slide and bit lever when removed from the mould plate into the taking off rollers,
as shewn in Figure 8. Similar letters of reference refer to like parts in all the
Figures.
We provide suitable iron frames A, Figures 1, 2, and 3, connected by distance
stays B, Figure 2, also a spindle Ax, with which revolve two movable cones C,
Figures 1 and 2, with nuts and screws, upon which a roll of paper D, Figures 1, 2,
and 3 is placed, and held in required position beneath a rack or strainer E, Figures
1 and 2, through which the paper is made to pass, thereby removing the bend or
curl. Immediately over this rack is a guide roller F, Figure 1, and rotary printing
apparatus G, Figures 1 and 3, the type roller of which, G*, Figures 3, 6, and 7,
revolves intermittently. The paper passes over the guide roller F, Figure 1, in a
continuous sheet on to an iron table Hd, Figures 1 and 3, over which it is drawn
by movable drawing rollers I, Figures 1, 2, and 3, fixed upon table Hb, Figure 3,
which revolve intermittently by means of a quadruple star wheel J, Figures 1, 2,
and 3, fixed upon shaft Is, Figures 1 and 3, which is driven by a pin on a flanged
disc K on the shaft C', Figures 1, 2, and 3. The paper in passing over the guide
roller F, Figure 1, receives an impression from the printing apparatus G*, Figures 1
and 3, fixed upon table Hd, Figures 1 and 3; from thence it passes underneath a
box L, Figures 1, 3, 4, and 5, fixed on table He, Figure 3, containing paste or other
adhesive material, and in which through perforations in the bottom an indented
roller M, Figures 3 and 4, is made to revolve immediately over the parts of the
paper required to be pasted.
A collar or ring N, Figures 1, 3, and 4, on one end of the indented roller being
greater in diameter than the other portions, bears constantly on the paper when it
is drawn forward, thereby depositing the streak of paste for the side seam. The
remaining portions of the indented roller of lesser diameter is brought in contact
with the paper at required intervals by the latter being lifted up to the pasted
surface of the former by means of a lever O, Figures 1, 3, 4, and 5 fixed underneath
the table He, Figure 3; in this way the paper receives a deposit of paste in position
required for securing the bottom seam of the bag, and also the two corners or flaps.
Having received a deposit of paste, the paper is made to pass on by means of the
movable drawing rollers I, Figures 1 and 3, to the knife P, Figures 1, 2, and 3,
fixed on table Hb, Figure 3, where the required length of paper is cut off. At this
time the front edge of the severed portion of the paper is up to the mould plate Q,
Figures 3 and 8 and it is then taken hold of by two pairs of pliers R, Figures 1, 3,
and 10, sliding in bracket S, Figures 1 and 3, one on each side, and led on to the
mould plate Q, Figures 3 and 8, which is lying level with and attached to tho
table H, Figure 3.
:
paper
The pliers R, Figures 1, 2, 3, and 10, on passing inwards, are made to open and
close on the paper by means of swing tappets M³, Figures 1, 2, 3, and 10, which on
the return permit the pliers to pass without releasing the paper which is securely
held, until the pliers reach rigid fixed tappets N³, Figures 1 and 10, screwed on to
the caps O³, Figures 1, 3, and 10, when they immediately open and let go the
in required position on the mould plate Q, Figures 3 and 8, which is oblong and
flat, of the widths required for the bags to bo made, and is shaped at its forward end
diagonally to its length; it is formed of an outside or bed plate T, Figure 8, upon
which are bevilled slips U, Figure 8; upon this plate two other detached portions
V and W, Figure 8, having hevilled edges are made to slide, being held in required
position and working in the bevilled slips U, Figure 8, of the bed plate, the middlo
portion V, Figure 8, forming the apex of the angle, is thrust forward at the proper
time, and maintains the shape of the paper X, Figures 11 and 12, in required
position, until the creasers Y, Figures 1, 2, and 9 rotate, after which it is withdrawn
by means of a spring lever Z, Figures 1 and 2, acted upon by a tappet A', Figures
1 and 2, affixed in required position on a drum B', Figures 1 and 2, upon an
intermediate shaft C', Figures 1 and 3, and upon which also is a tappet D',
Figures 1 and 2, made to act on a spring lever E¹, Figure 2, connected with the

page_text: outer portion W, Figure 8, of the mould plate which is thrust forward when the
bag is required to be removed, after which it is withdrawn by the spring lever E',
Figure 2 by this operation the bag is carried forward into the bite of two taking
off rollers F, Figures 2, 3, and 8. The pliers R, Figures 1, 2, and 10, having led
and let go the paper in required position on the mould plate Q, Figures 3 and 8,
a gauge plate Q, Figures 1, 2, 9, and 11, working in a slido H', Figures 1, 2, and
11, fixed on the underside of the head 11, Figures 1, 2, and 3, when strikers J',
Figures 1, 9, and 11 immediately descend, which depresses the two sides of the
paper upon which the slides K', Figures 1 and 3, advance one on each side, the one
preceding the other, so that one side of the paper may overlap, and thus bends the
paper around and under the mould plate; a tube is formed by this means, tho
mouth L, Figures 11 and 12, of which is now lifted or opened by a finger lever M',
Figures 1, 2, and 11, which balances the paper against the gauge plate G¹, Figures
1, 2, 9, and 11; when in this position, two horizontal rotary creasers Y, Figures 1,
2, and 9 traverse one on each side, making a half circle, the one preceding the
other, thereby causing the bottom seam of the bag N', Figure 13, to overlap. The
creasers are made to advance, rotate, recede, and reverse at the proper time by
means of toothed racks O', Figures 1, 2, and 3, and pinions P', Figures 2 and 3,
fixed on creaser spindles Q1, Figures 1 and 2, which receive their rotary and
reverse motion from surface cams R¹, Figures 2 and 3, fixed on and revolving
with shaft S', Figures 1, 2, and 3, working in brackets T¹, Figures 2 and 3,
on the top side of the head or top bar I' of the framing, Figures 1, 2, and 3,
the creasers Y, Figures 1, 2, and 9, advance and withdraw by motion imparted
by channel cams U₁, Figures 1, 2, and 3, also fixed on and revolving with
shaft S', Figures 1, 2, and 3. The slide brackets W³, Figures 1, 2, and 3, sliding
on the top of head I', Figures 1, 2, and 3, receive their transverse motion
by means of lovers X, Figures 1, 2, and 3, oscillating on pin Y, Figures 1, 2,
and 3, having also runners Z, Figures 1, 2, and 3, working in channel cams
U¹, Figures 1, 2, and 3, which are attached to shaft S¹, Figures 1, 2, and 3; the
toothed racks O¹, Figures 1, 2, and 3, are held in contact with the face of surface
cams R¹, Figures 2 and 3, by means of springs A*, Figure 1. Upon the shaft S',
Figures 1, 2, and 3, is a mitre wheel V, Figures 1, 2, and 3, fixed and geared into
mitre wheel W¼, Figures 1, 2, and 3, which is attached to end of spindle X',
Figures 1, 2, and 3, upon the other end of which is also fixed mitre wheel Y¹,
Figures 1, 2, and 3, geared into mitre wheel Z', fixed upon the end of main shaft
A², Figures 2 and 3, to which motion is imparted by wheel B², Figures 1 and 2.
This wheel is geared into and driven by pinion C², Figures 1, 2, and 3, which is
fixed on driving shaft D³, Figures 2 and 3, upon which is keyed fly wheel E,
Figures 1, 2, and 3, also driving pullies F, the wheal B2, driving G³, which drives
wheel H², Figure 3, fixed upon shaft C₁, Figures 1 and 3. Upon the shaft I*,
Figures 1 and 2, is keyed a cone pulley J³, which by means of gut bands imparts
motion to movable drawing rollers I, Figures 1, 2, and 3, also to paste rollers M and
N, Figures 1, 3, 4, and 5, and to printing roller G*, Figures 3, 6, and 7; also to
inking rollers K, Figures 1 and 3, around which passes through ink reservoir K**,
Figures 1 and 3, a suitable band L, which deposits ink upon the type surface affixed
on roller G*, Figures 3, 6, and 7. Upon the shaft S¹, Figures 1, 2, and 3, is fixed a
surface cam M³, Figures 2 and 3, which actuates slido lover N, Figures 1, 2, and 3,
also connecting rod O* and bit lever P2, Figures 1 and 2. Upon connecting rod 0%,
Figures 1, 2, and 3, is a runner O*, Figures 2 and 3, which is held against the face
of surface cam M³, Figures 2 and 3, by means of spring D³, Figures 1 and 3. The t
slide and bit lever being thus connected work simultaneously, the slide Q³, Figures
1, 2, and 11, slides in slips on the top of gauge plate G³, Figures 1, 2, 9, and 11,
which is made to rise and fall at intervals by the action of cam R³, Figures 1, 2,
and 3, and spring S³, Figures 1 and 2, also upon and revolving with shaft S',
Figures 2 and 3, is fixed surface cam T, which actuates rod U³, Figures 1 and 2, to
which finger lever M' is attached; the levers M¹ and Ps are also attached to a guide
bracket V*, Figures 1, 2, and 3, fixed on head I. On the guide bracket V* is placed

page_text: arm W², and attached to bit lever P³, Figures 1 and 2, is a spring X³, Figures 1, 2,
and 3, connected by band Y, Figure 1, which keeps both corners or flaps of the
bags down whilst passing forward through the taking off rollers F1, Figures 2, 3,
and 8, to the roller Z, Figures 1 and 3, running in bearings A³ attached to pressing
and drying apparatus B³, over and around which a band C³ is made to pass, drawing
the finished bag, Figure 14, over the surface of B³, Figures 1 and 3, on to receiving
table D³, which is supported by standard E, Figure 1. The apparatus B³ is hollow,
and is heated by steam or otherwise, passing into it by means of inlet pipe Fs,
Figure 1, and out of it by means of outlet pipe G³, Figure 1. The apparatus B³,
Figures 1 and 3, is supported by bracket S, Figure 1, and standard Es, Figure 1.
The slides K', Figures 1 and 3, receive their motion through the medium of levers
H³, Figures 1 and 2, to which runners are attached, acted upon by surface cams I³,
secured in proper position on and revolving with shaft A, Figures 2 and 3. The
levers Hs, Figures 1 and 2, oscillate on pins secured to bracket J³, also being attached
to slides K', Figures 1 and 3, by means of shackles K³, Figure 1. The slides K',
Figures 1 and 3, are made to move on slide brackets LP, Figures 1 and 2, attached
to frames A, Figures 1, 2, and 3, and also to table Ha, Figure 3. The pliers R,
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 10, receive motion through the medium of lever P³, Figures 1
and 2, which is connected to R, Figures 1, 2, 3, and 10, by means of a shackle Q³,
Figures 1 and 2. The lever P³, Figures 1 and 2, is made to oscillato on pin R$
attached to bracket S³, Figures 1 and 2, which is fixed on distance stay B, Figure 2.
The forked rod Ts, Figures 1 and 2, is connected at the centre of lever P³, Figures 1
and 2, having also a runner U³, Figure 2, which is acted upon by surface cam N³,
Figures 1 and 2, fixed upon and revolving with shaft A, Figures 2 and 3. The
runner Us, Figure 2, is held against the face of surface cam V³, Figures 1 and 2, by
means of spring B, Figure 1, also the runners attached to slide levers H³, Figures 1
and 2, are held against the face of surface cams 13 by means of springs C4, Figures 2
and 3; the portion of paper required for the bag is held firmly upon table Ha,
Figure 3, by the lever E, Figures 2 and 3, whilst being cut off by the knife P,
Figures 1, 2, and 3; a rod F³ connects E, Figure 3, to lever G4, oscillating on pins
fixed on frames A, Figures 1, 2, and 3, which receives motion at intervals by tappet
H*, fixed upon the end of shaft C¹. The knife P, Figures 1, 2, and 3, is fixed upon
table Hb, Figure 3, and is connected by rod I, Figures 1, 2, and 3, to lever J*, oscil-
lating on pins fixed on frames A; motion is imparted at intervals by means of
tappet H, Figures 2 and 3. The levers G and J are held against the tappet H
by means of springs K, Figures 1 and 3. The taking off rollers F1, Figures 2 and
3, also the drying apparatus rollers 73, Figures 1, 2, and 3, receive motion by means
of a gut band driven by pulley L, Figures 1 and 2. The gut band driven by cone
pulley J, Figures 1 and 2, imparting motion to drawing rollers I, also to pasto
rollers M and N, Figures 1, 3, 4, and 5, is held in tension by runners M' and N+,
Figures 1 and 2, fixed upon frames A, Figures 1, 2, and 3. The printing rollers G
and G*, Figures 1, 3, 6, and 7, receive their motion from a gut band driven by
pulley O, Figures 2 and 3, fixed upon the end of shaft 12, Figures 1, 2, and 3. The
spring lever Z, Figures 1 and 2, also spring lever E¹, Figures 1 and 2, are fixed upon
cross stay P, Figure 1, attached to frames A, Figures 1, 2, and 3. The lever O,
Figures 3, 4, and 5, is connected by rod Q, Figures 1 and 3, to lever J*, Figures 1,
2, and 3, and is actuated simultaneously with the latter by tappet H*, Figures 2
and 3. The supply of paste to rollers M and N, Figures 1, 3, 4, and 5, is regulated
by adjustable gauges R, Figures 1, 3, 4, and 5, fixed on the sides of paste
box L.
In conclusion we would remark that each machine is adapted to the making of
various sizes of bags, for which purpose provision is made, and the requisite
duplicate parts are supplied with each machine.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, we would have it clearly understood that we do not
confine ourselves to the precise details, proportions, or dimensions of the various
forms of mechanism herein described, which may be varied or modified without

page_text: departing from the Invention, but we claim as our improvements in the manufacture
of paper bags and machinery connected therewith,-
First. The mode of and moans for taking the curl out of and withdrawing the
paper intermittently from the roll, and depositing on the topside thereof a streak of
paste longitudinally on one edge and at intervals, transversely, in required position
before the folding takes place, substantially as set forth.
Second. The apparatus and mechanism for printing the paper (on leaving the roll,
and to the form of the printing rollers, and means of attaching the type stamp to
the same), substantially as set forth.
Third. The mechanism and means by which suitable lengths of paper are with-
drawn and cut off, substantially as set forth.
Fourth. The arrangement of the pasting mechanism and parts connected there-
with, substantially as set forth.
Fifth. The arrangement and mechanism of the pliers, by which the paper is
drawn onto the mould plate, substantially as set forth.
Sixth. The form and mechanism of the mould plates in various widths on each
machine, with interior slide movements, substantially as set forth.
Seventh. The gauge plate and spring, with strikers connected therewith, substan-
tially as set forth.
Eighth. The side slides for bending the paper round and under the mould plate,
and the finger lever for lifting the mouth of the paper tube against the gauge plate,
substantially as set forth.
Ninth. The form of the creasers, with horizontal rotary traverse and reverse, also
withdrawing and advance motion, and the slide and bit lever by which the bottom
flaps are turned, substantially as set forth.
Tenth. The mechanism and means by which the bag is removed from the mould-
plate into taking off rollers, and thence into a pressing and drying apparatus on to
a receiving table.
Eleventh. The combination of parts for actuating the mechanisms, substantially
as set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Coates and Joseph James Bissicks,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-second day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
ΜΙΤΟΝΙΟ 20ΑΜΕΑ