CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN HEATING. APPARATUS." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT' to Jean Louis Celestin le François de Grainville, of
39; Rue de l'Ecliiquier, Paris, and 4, Soutli Street, Finsbury, London,
Ex-Captain of the Imperial Navy, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HEATING. APPARATUS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Louis Celestin lo
François de Grainville at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with his Petition, on the 30th December 1856.
I, JEAN LOUIS CELESTIN LE FRANÇOIS DE GRAINVILLE, of 39, Rue de
l'Echiquier, Paris, and 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Ex-Captain of the
Imperial Navy, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in the construction and application to chimneys of an
apparatus serving to economise the heat and to prevent the smoke from
entering the apartment.
The apparatus consists of a sheet-iron box, of variable dimensions according
to the size of the chimney, but which for an ordinary chimney may be twelve
inches in length, eight in height, and six in depth at its smallest diameter; it
is placed in the middle of the chimney, at about two inches from the back-
plate, and at about ten inches from the ground.
The apparatus is divided in its length into three unequal compartments by

page_text: two horizontal partitions, each being pierced with holes of about one inch
diameter, and so arranged as not to correspond. At the lower part of the left
side of the box is a tube, about four inches in length by two inches in
diametor, bent downward, so as to receive the bent part of another tube,
serving for the ingress of cold air at the base of the chimney, and to conduct
it into the box, where it is heated before egressing through two tubes, one on
each side of the upper part of the box. These two upper tubes are about
four inches in length and one inch in diameter, and are bent downward in
such a way as to enter corresponding parts of two other similar tubes; these
latter tubes serve to give egress to the heated air into the apartment. About
the middle of the top of this box is a box about one inch in height by one
inch and a half in diameter, communicating at bottom with the interior of the
apparatus, and closed at top by a reversed weighted cone. This cone is moved
by the end of a lever, about eight inches in length, having its fulcrum at about
3rd of its length, and a support about three inches high, fixed to the top of
the apparatus, and to the jaws of which it is held by a pin, to enable it to play
freely up and down. At the extremity of the lever is a rod, which serves to
raise the cone and maintain it at the required height by means of a hook and
hole in the lower part of the rod; by raising the cone heated air is allowed
to escape into the chimney. By closing the egress tubes and opening the
cone a current of heated air will be established in the chimney independantly
of the ordinary draught, by which the smoke will be forced to ascend.
The dimensions of the pipes and thickness of the material vary according to
circumstances.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of tho Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jean Louis Celestin le François de Grainville in the Great
Seal Patent Office on tho 19th June 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JEAN LOUIS
CELESTIN LE FRANÇOIS DE GRAINVILLE, of 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, and
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Ex-Captain of the Imperial Navy, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Jean Louis Celestin le François de Grainville, Her special license that I,

page_text: the said Jean Louis Celestin le François de Grainville, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jean Louis Celestin lo
François de Grainville, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUS," upon the condition, amongst others,
that I, the said Jean Louis Celestin le François de Grainville, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jean Louis Celestin le François de
Grainville, do hereby declaro the nature of my Invention, and in what
manner the samo is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
annexed Sheet of Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say :-
This Invention consists in the construction and application to ordinary fire-
places of an apparatus for economising the heat, and for warming and pre-
venting the entrance of the smoke into the apartment.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Sheet of Drawings (in which the same letters
refer to corresponding parts) represents the heating apparatus; Figures 2 and
3 shew the pipes employed in connection with it; Figure 4 is a view of a fire-
place fitted with the improved heating apparatus, which consists of a sheet-iron
case of an elliptical form and of suitable thickness. This case, the dimensions
of which for an ordinary fire-place are about sixteen inches in length, eight
inches in breadth, and ten inches in height, is divided into three unequal com-
partiments by the horizontal partitions or diaphragms, C, C', perforated with
cight holes, more or less, of about one inch in diameter, so arranged as not to
correspond with each other. At the lower part of the left side of the box is
an elbow pipe T, about six inches in length and three inches in diameter,
which fits into another elbow pipe T', Figures 1 and 3, by which the cold air
in the apartment enters the case, where it becomes heated before egressing
through the elbow pipes 6, 6. placed at the sides of the upper part of the case.
The pipes b,, are about six inches long and two inches in diameter, and fit
into corresponding elbow pipes B, B', Figures 2 and 4; the latter pipes

page_text: support the case and allow the hot air to enter the apartment. At the centre
of the top of the case: is a short tube R, about two inches long, and two and a
half inches in diameter, furnished with a. heavy conical valve or register D.
It may be made of sheet iron, and filled with sand or other material to
give it. the nececessary weight.. This valve is suspended loosely to a pin on
the forked end: of a lever L, about ten. inches long, working: on a pin fixed to
the: support S,. about. three inches in height. The short arm of this. lever is
also forked, to permit the rod' P being attached to it. This rod is provided
with. a handle, and is held in a guide d by a notch or otherwise, to raise the
valve the required. height. If the heat is too great, the pipes B, B', are closed
and the valve raised, to allow the. heated air to escape into the chimney..
The principal: object of the valive. R is to prevent the chimney from smoking.
By closing the pipes B, B', and opening, the valve, a current of hot air is
established independently of the ordinary draught, which current in ascending
prevents the sinoke passing into the. apartment. If the chimney smokes the
valve is raised a suitable distance.
The apparatus is: placed at the. lower. part of the chimney, at. about two
inches from the back of the fire-place; and at a height. of about one. foot from
the ground. To remove the apparatus for cleaning, the case is raised, moved
from right to left, and drawn towards the operator. By reversing this opera-
tion the apparatus is returned to its place.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and the method of
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to the precise dimensions herein. laid down, as they may be varied
according to circumstances; but what I claim, and desire to be secured by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is, the construction and application
of apparatus for. economising heat in ordinary fire-places for the purpose of
heating apartments and preventing smoke from entering therein, as herein-
before described, and represented in the Figures of the annexed Sheet of
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jean Louis Celestin le François de
Grainville, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of
June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-seven.
DE GRAINVILLE. (L.S.)