Improvements in and connected with Filters.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Apr., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 6th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 11th Apr., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Filters.
CHARLES EDWARD GITTINS, of St. George's House, 6 & 8, Eastcheap, London,
E.C., Water Softening Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
My improved filter consists of a vessel preferably earthenware (which I call the
reservoir) containing the filter which is made in the form of an ordinary flower pot
with a large rim on the outside of the top, this rim rests upon the top edge of the
reservoir and supports the filter, the filter not being so tall as the reservoir; the
bottom of the pot is perforated with small holes, in such a manner, as to retain
any suitable filtering material, but to allow the escape of the filtered water. A
perforated cover is placed on a ledge inside the filter, about half way between the
top & bottom, to keep the filtering material in place, which is filled in the pot as
high as the ledge; two niches are cut out of the edge of the cover, which is thinned
down to the niches in such a way, that by passing the niches over two lugs fixed
just above the ledge on the inside of the filter, and giving the cover a slight twist
it is firmly nipped between the ledge and the lugs and secured in its place, this
fixing enables the cover to be easily removed to renew the filter bed when spent.
A lid is placed over the whole. The tap is screwed directly into the reservoir
which is threaded to receive it; this method obviates the use of corks, or other
contrivances which are at present in use for fixing filter taps. To insure the tap
being upright when screwed home, I mould the threads on, and in moulds, or cut
them in a machine, which moulds or machines are so constructed that all the
threads are exactly similar, and in the same situation, by this means the taps will
screw into the same position in every filter, the passage for the water leading to
the plug I do not make round, but square or some irregular shape, in the event of
the tap being broken off short, the point of a scissors, a piece of wood, or any
thing suitable can be inserted in this hole to unscrew and withdraw the broken
portion. The tap I prefer to make of earthenware or glass as being much sweeter
and more cleanly than metal, but it may be made of any other material. The
filter bed I make of a layer of fine gravel at the bottom, on which is a layer of
sand, and on the top a layer of mineral carbon.
Dated this Eleventh day of April 1890.
CHARLES EDWARD GITTINS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Filters.
I, CHARLES EDWARD GITTINS, of St. George's House, Nos. 6 and 8, Eastcheap,
London, E.C., Water Softening Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The tap is screwed directly into the reservoir which is threaded to receive it.
This method obviates the use of corks or other contrivances which are at present
in use for fixing filter taps. To insure the tap being upright when screwed home I
mould the threads on and in moulds, or cut them in a machine, which moulds or
machines are so constructed that all the threads are exactly similar, and in the
same situation, by this means the taps will screw into the same position in every
filter, the passage for the water leading to the plug I do not make round, but

page_text: square or some irregular shape, in the event of the tap being broken off short
the point of a scissors, a piece of wood, or any suitable thing can be inserted
in this hole to unscrew and withdraw the broken portion. The tap I make of
earthenware as being much sweeter and more cleanly than metal.
In order that my said invention may be more fully understood and readily
carried into effect. I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a plan and Figure 2 an end elevation of a mould which I employ
for making the taps. In Figure 1 the mould is open and in Figure 2 it is closed.
The mould is made in two halves A. A, hinged together by the pin B. Each
half has in it a recess of the shape of half of the outside of the tap. The
proper quantity of clay having been placed in the mould a square rod C is
placed along one-half to form the hole through the stem. The mould is closed and
the plunger D is forced into it which consolidates the clay and forms the opening
to receive the plug. It will be seen that by this method the screw thread upon
the stem of the tap is always in the same position relatively to the nozzle and the
taps are interchangeable.
Figure 3 shows a vertical section, and Figure 4 an end elevation of the apparatus
I employ for forming the screw thread in the hole in the filter. E is a table upon
which the plate F is secured by bolts G. This plate has secured in it by means
of a screw H-a disc .J having a screw threaded hole through it. Working in
this hole is the screw tool K. The earthenware-vessel L. is placed on the table E
and the face of the hole to be screw threaded is pressed against the plate-F so
that upon turning the cutter K the screw is formed in it. The disc J having once
been adjusted it will be seen that all the screw threads cut by the tool commence
at the same point.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Filters in which the tap has a screw threaded stem secured in a screw threaded
hole cut in the material of the filter, such screw threads being so arranged relatively
to each other that the nozzle of the tap is vertical substantially as described.
2. Filters in which the opening through the stem of the tap is of square or other
irregular shape, substantially as described.
3. The methods of moulding and cutting screw threads for filters substantially as
described.
4. Filters substantially as described.
Dated this 5th day of February 1891