Improvements in or connected with Cycles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left. 1st Feb., 1817-4ccepted, 30th Apr., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Cycles.
1, ENRICO DE TONI, of 210, Whitechapel Road, in the County of London,
Refreshment Contractor, and LOUIS GAGGIOTTI, Courier, and PETER BERGERO,
Restaurant Proprietor, both of 266, High Holborn, in the County of London, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to cycles of the kind wherein the front wheel serves as the
driving wheel and wherein the motion of the treadle axle, which is also the axle
of the driving wheel, is communicated to the latter through the medium of toothed
gearing.
According to my invention I construct the wheel axle in the novel manner
hereinafter described whereby the strength of such axle is materially increased and
I preferably combine therewith gearing also of novel construction.
In carrying out my invention I take a bar of soft steel of suitable diameter and
length and turn down the ends to an extent which will permit of two sleeves, of
a thickness necessary for the formation of the usual roller-grooves, being placed
upon them. These sleeves which are made of very hard steel are preferably brazed
upon the said axle. The axle with the sleeves therein can then be finished in the
usual manner and possesses all the advantages of a very hard steel axle without the
liability of becoming fractured by the sudden jerks and strains to which it is
subjected.
The gearing which I make use of has one wheel of each pair of wheels made
with roller teeth so as to reduce friction to a minimum.
Dated this 30th day of April 1896.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Cycles.
We, ENRICO DE TONI, of 210, Whitechapel Road, in the County of London.
Refreshment Contractor, and LOUIS GAGGIOTTI, Courier, and PETER BERGERO
Restaurant Proprietor, both of 266 High Holborn, in the County of London, us
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention relates to cycles of the kind wherein the front wheel serves as the
driving wheel and wherein the motion of the treadle axle, which is also the axle
of the driving wheel, is communicated to the latter through the medium of toothed
gearing.
According to our invention we construct the wheel axle in the novel manner
hereinafter described whereby the strength of such axle is materially increased and
we preferably combine therewith gearing also of novel construction.
In carrying out our invention we take a bar of soft steel of suitable diameter and
length and turn down the ends to an extent which will permit of two sleeves, of a

page_text: thickness necessary for the formation of the usual roller-grooves, being placed upon
them. These sleeves which are made of very hard steel are preferably brazed upon
the said axle. The axle with the sleeves therein can then be finished in the usual
manner and possesses all the advantages of a very hard steel axle without the
liability of becoming fractured by the sudden jerks and strains to which it is
subjected.
The gearing which we make use of has one wheel of each pair of wheels made
with roller teeth so as to reduce friction to a minimum.
To enable our invention to be fully understood we will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawing, which represents a vertical section through a
wheel axle, wheel hub and driving gear constructed according to our invention.
a is the wheel axle, the said axle being of soft steel and turne 1 down at its ends as
shewn. 1, b are the sleeves of hard steel which are fitted upon the turned down ends
of the axle a and brazed thereto. The axle with its sleeves is then finished in the
usual manner and the hardened sleeves are provided with grooves or ball races c, c for
the bearings.
With this construction it will be obvious that we obtain an axie which is
considerably stronger than an axle of the same size made of hardened steel
throughout as our axle is not liable to become fractured by sudden jerks and
strains as is the case with ordinary completely hardened axles whilst at the same
time by the employment of the hardened sleeves we satisfy all the requirements
occasioned by the employment of ball bearings.
In combination with our improved axle we provide gearing by means of which the
motion of the said axle is directly communicated to the driving wheel of the cycle.
As shewn in the drawing the axle a is supported in ball bearings d, d in the fork e, e
of the machine one branch e¹ of the said fork being cranked to receive the gearing
which is composed as follows:-A wheel is keyed upon the axle a, the said wheel
being formed with two lateral flanges f₁, in which are fixed pins f, carrying
rollers, designed to serve as teeth for the wheel. This wheel gears with a
toothed pinion g mounted on ball bearings on a spindle h fixed to the arm e¹ of the
fork. A second wheel i with roller teeth similar to those of the wheel f is made in
one with, or rigidly secured to, the pinion g and is therefore mounted upon the fixed
spindle h. This wheel i is arranged to gear with a toothed pinion j secured to the
hub of the cycle wheel, which hub is mounted upon ball bearings on the axle a in
the ordinary manner.
With this construction of gear it will be obvious that motion imparted to the
axle a by the pedals of the machine- (which are not shewn in the drawing) will be
communicated with a very slight loss from friction to the hub k of the driving wheel
of the cycle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In cycles the employment of soft steel axles the ends of which are turned down
to receive sleeves of hardened steel which are provided with ball races, substantially
as, and for the purpose, herein before described.
2. The use in combination with axles of the kind described in Claim 1 of gearing
comprising two pairs of wheels one wheel of each pair being formed with roller teeth,
substantially as, and for the purpose, hereinbefore described.
3. The improvements in and connected with cycles hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 30th day of January 1897.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicants.