IMPROVEMENTS IN PART OF THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING CARTRIDGE CASES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jabez James, of No. 40, Princes Street, Stamford
Street, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PART OF THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING
CARTRIDGE CASES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Scaled the 5th July 1872, and dated the 2nd May 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jabez James at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd May 1872.
I, JABEZ JAMES, of No. 40, Princes Street, Stamford Street, Lambeth,
in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PART OF THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING
CARTRIDGE CASES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR," to be as follows :—
My Invention relates to improvements in certain parts of the process
and apparatus for the manufacture of cartridge cases which have bases.
formed of double cups of thin brass, copper, or other suitable metal with

page_text: holes through the same for detonating purposes. Such cups are usually
made by punching them out of sheet metal and upsetting them into
a cup shape, and the two cups, of which one is deeper than the
other, are afterwards put together, the deeper being inserted into the
shallower, and the holes are punched through them either before or after
they are joined. The process of so joining and punching the cups is
somewhat tedious and difficult, and my Invention has for its object to
render it more rapid and casy by the use of my improved apparatus.
For this purpose I mount in bearings in a suitable framing a rotating
shaft on which are fixed an excentric and two cams. The excentric by
means of a connecting rod works a tubular punch to and fro horizontally
in a guide. The one cam by means of a connecting rod works a tubular
bolster guide in the same axial line with the punch, the face of the
bolster being presented towards the face of the punch. The other cam
works a rocking shaft on which are fixed arms; these arms work slides
which are guided to move transversely to the movement of the tubular
punch and bolster. Within the tubular bolster there is a fixed punch for
punching the holes in the cups. The tubular bolster has a helical
spring outside of it by which it is forced back against a fixed stop, it
has also a helical spring within it in the annular space between its
interior and the fixed punch; this spring forces it forwards. It is also
embraced by a fork connected to the first cam, by the action of which
it is at proper times advanced farther forwards than when it is acted on
only by the internal spring. Above the bolster punches and transverse
slides is fixed a table from which two rectangular tubes or channels
descends in sweeps to points between the tubular punch and the bolster.
The cups to be operated on are placed on the table; the deeper cups are
inserted by hand into one of these tubes or channels, and the shallower
cups are inserted into the other, and both cups descend by their own
gravity to the space between the bolster and the tubular punch, Here
they are received upon semicircular saddles on which they lie on their
sides, and two sets of the transverse slides are advanced by the action of
the second cam and their connections from opposite sides, so as to form
semicircular guards over the cups, which thus rest embraced in circular
cavities, by which means they are properly centred for the reception of
the punch, and irregularities in their form are remedied by the pressure
of the slides on their exterior. The tubular punch is now advanced by
the action of the excentric and enters the mouth of the deeper cup.
presented to it. It drives this cup into the shallower cup, which is held

page_text: to receive it by the tubular bolster behind it. The tubular punch still
advancing pushes both cups onwards (the bolster spring yielding to the
pressure) and on to the fixed punch which punches the holes through
their bottoms. The burrs from these holes pass into the interior of tho
tubular punch which has a side opening whence they drop. The
tubular punch now retreats, and as it retreats the bolster advances
pushing the punched cups off the fixed punch. During the retreat of
the tubular punch a pair of the transverse slides with semicircular ends
advance to embrace it closely. These form a stop for the cup, so that
the retreating punch withdraws itself from them, and then the joined
and punched cups having been pushed onward by the bolster advanced
by the action of the first cam fall through a hole. The bolster is then
caused to return and the several slides are drawn back by the cam
actions, another pair of cups drop from their respective channels, and
the action is repeated as above described..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,.
filed by the said Jabez James in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th October 1872.
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JABEZ
O JAMES, of No. 40, Princes Street,, Stamford Street, Lambeth, in the
County of Surrey, Engincer, send greeting.
or'
1
"
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her,
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Jabez James, Her special license,. that
I, the said Jabez James, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
rsuch others as I, the said Jabez James, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might, usc, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,.
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PART OF THE PROCESS.
OF MANUFACTURING CARTRIDGE CASES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR,” upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jabez James, my exccutors.

page_text: or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date 5
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jabez James, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying 1
Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to
say:-
My Invention relates to improvements in certain parts of the process
and apparatus for the manufacture of cartridge cases which have bases
formed of double cups of thin brass, copper, or other suitable metal, 1
with holes through the same for detonating purposes. Such cups are
usually made by punching them out of sheet metal, and upsetting them
into a cup shape; and the two cups, of which one is deeper than the
other, are afterwards put together, the deeper being inserted into the
shallower, and the holes are punched through them either before or a
after they are joined. The process of so joining and punching the cups
is somewhat tedious and difficult, and my Invention has for its object to.
render it more rapid and casy by the use of my improved apparatus.
For this purpose I mount in bearings in a suitable framing a rotating
shaft, on which are fixed an excentric and two cams. The excentric by
means of a connecting rod works a tubular punch to and fro horizontally
in a guide. The one cam by means of a conncoting rod works a tubular
bolster guided in the same axial line with the punch, the face of the
bolstor being presented towards the face of the punch. The other cam
works a rocking shaft, on which are fixed arms. These arms work
slides which are guided to move transversely to the movement of the
tubular punch and bolster. Within the tubular bolster there is a fixed
punch for punching the holes in the cups. The tubular bolster has a
helical spring outside of it, by which it is forced back against a fixed
stop; it has also a helical spring within it in the annular space between
its interior and the fixed punch; this spring forces it forwards. It is
also embraced by a fork connected to the cam, by the action of which it
is at the proper times advanced farther forwards than when it is acted

page_text: on only by the internal spring. Above the bolster, punches and trans-
verso slides is fixed a table, from which two rectangular tubes or
channels descend in sweep to points between the tubular punch and the
bolster. The cups to be operated on are placed on the table; the deeper
cups are inserted by the hand into one of these tubes or channels, and
the shallower cups are inserted into the other, and both cups descend by
their own gravity to the spaces between the bolster and the tubular
punch. Here they are received upon semicircular saddles on which
they lie on the sides, and two sets of the transverse slides are advanced
by the action of the second cam and their connections from opposite
sidės, so as to form guards over the cups, which thus rest embraced in
cavities, by which means they are properly centred for the reception of
the punch, and irregularities in their form aro remedied by the pressurė
of the slides on their exterior. The tubular punch is now advanced by
the action of the excentric, and enters the mouth of the deeper cup
presented to it. It drives this cup into the shallow cup, which is held to
receive it by the tubular bolster behind it. The tubular punch still
advancing pushes both cups onwards (the bolster spring yielding to the
pressure) and on to the fixed punch, which punches the holes through
their bottoms. The burrs from these holes pass into the interior of the
tubular punch, which has a side opening whence they drop.. The tubular
punch now retreats, and as it retreats the bolster advances, pushing the
punched cups off the fixed punch. During the retreat of the tubular
punch a pair of the transverse slides with semicircular ends advance to
embrace it closely. These form a stop for the cups, so that the retreat!
ing punch withdraws itself from them, and then the jointed and punched
caps having been pushed onward by the bolster advanced by the first
cam fall through a hole. The bolster is then caused to return, and the
several slides are drawn back by the cam àctions, another pair of cupš
drop from their respective channels, and the action is repeated as above
described.

page_text: A is the shaft mounted in bearings on the framing of the machine, and
driven by any suitable power, causing it to revolve in the direction of
the arrow A', Fig. 2. On this shaft is fixed the eccentric B, the cam C
having the cam groove in its face, and the cam D having the cam
groove on its periphery. The eccentric B by means of its connecting
rod E works the tubular punch F to and fro. The cam C works to and
fro the rod G, which has mounted on its side a roller G' entering the
cam groove. At the farther end of the rod G is fixed a fork G³ engaging
between collars on a tube I which is thus moved to and fro by the
rod G. This fork has a little freedom between the collars on H, so as
to allow springs to act thereon, as will be hercafter described. The
cam D works the rocking shaft I, which has an arm J, whereon is
mounted a roller working in the groove of the cam D. Another arm I'
fixed on the rocking shaft I is connected by a rod J' to an arm on
another rocking shaft K, which is thus by the movement of the rocking
shaft I made to rock, but in the opposite direction. The connecting
rod J' is made with a socket and nut for adjusting its length. By means
of an arm I³ the rocking shaft I gives transverse reciprocating movement
to three slides a, d, and f, and by means of an arm K' and connecting
rod K' the rocking shaft K gives transverse reciprocating movement
to a slide b, the slide & being thus made to advance towards the centre
of the machine while the other slides recede. These slides and others,
to be presently described, arc guided in grooves formed in blocks, which
are secured in the framing of the machine. The first block a² shown in
back view in Fig. 5, Sheet II., and in end view in Fig. 6, Sheet II.,
receives the slide a, of which a front view is shewn in Fig. 7, Sheet III.,
and a plan in Fig. 8, Sheet III. It has a slotted hole a³ (with one end
of it sloped off), through which the tubular punch F passes when the
machine is in action, and it has a projection a' from one side, which
works another slide, as will hereafter be described. The next block ba
is shewn in front view in Fig. 9, Sheet II., in back view in Fig. 10,
and in transverse section in Fig. 11, Sheet II. In recesses in its front
side are guided the slide band a smaller slide k. A front view of those
slides is shown in Fig. 12 and a plan in Fig. 13, Sheet III. The slide k
has in it a hole 'containing a helical spring which butts against the end
plate of the block b. An elongated notch is formed on the upper
side of the slide k, in which works the projection a¹ of the slide a. The
helical spring presses the slide k forwards towards the centre of the

page_text: machine, and it is moved back by the last portion of the back stroke
of the slide a. On the hinder side of the block bare guided the slides
c, d, e, and f, and smaller slides c¹ and e'. A side view of the slides c
and o' is shewn at Fig. 14 and a plan at Fig. 15, Sheet III., and side
views.of d, e, e', f, are shewn respectively at Figs. 16, 18, and 20, plans
of those slides being shewn respectively at Figs. 17, 19, and 21, Sheet III.
The slide c has a slot c³, in which works one of the projections & from
the side of the slide d, and the slide e has a like slot e³, in which works
the other of the projections d', helical springs being interposed between
these projections and the ends of the slots towards the centre of the
machine. The slide c¹ has a tail c, on the end of which the sloping
face of a spring G³ fixed to the rod G comes to bear when the rod G is
moved back towards the shaft A. The slide c¹ has also a slot c³, 'in
which is inserted a helical spring, and both the slides c and c¹ are pro-
vided with projections c', which act as stops to prevent them from being
pressed too far towards each other by the action of the springs. There
is also a helical spring in the slot e³ of the slide e, and in a hole e' bored
in the slide e', and both these slides have projections e, which act as
stops to prevent the springs from pressing them too far towards each
other. The slide e' has also a stud e³, by which it is guided in a recess
in the block. The slide ƒ has a hole through it, and on each side a
projecting lip f and f", of which f¹ works in a notch g' of the slide g..
A front view of this slide is shewn at Fig. 22, and a plan at Fig. 23,
Sheet III. It has a slot 9', in which is inserted a helical spring,
pressing it towards a fixed piece 9. The projection f¹ of the slide f
as it approaches the end of its back stroke butts against the end
of the notch g³, and causes the slide 9 to recede from the centre of
the machine. This last named slide 9 is guided in the block g', of which
a front view is shewn at Fig. 24 and an end view at Fig. 25, Sheet II.
The tubular punch F is inserted in a stock F³, on the under side of which
is an opening F for allowing the punched burrs to drop out. The
bolster M is fitted into the mouth of a tube H, which has outside of
it the helical spring H, pressing it backwards. Inside of it is the
fixed punch L inserted in a stock L' which is enclosed in a tube I
fitted to slide with the tube H. A spring Is is interposed between a
collar on the tube I and the bolster M, which encloses the front of
the punch L. The tubes are mounted in the framing in such manner
that they can readily be withdrawn at the end and replaced when it
is necessary to repair the punch or bolster. Above the machine is a
'

page_text: g
board or table O from which channels P and Q lead down to spaces in
the middle of the machine, where the punch and the transverse slides
work. The deeper cups to be operated on are fed by hand into the
channel P, and descend by it as indicated at p, and the shallower cups
are fed into and descend by the channel Q as indicated at q. The t
cams C and D are set on the shaft A relatively to the eccentric B, so as
to time the movement of the various parts of the machine and cause
them to operate in the following manner:-When one of the deeper
cups p has descended it is received in a semicircular saddle b* on the
block b', and the slides 6 and k are brought by the movement of the 1
machine to close over it, the slide a forming a guard in front of it. In
like manner one of the shallower cups 9 having descended is received
in the hollow between the slide 9 and the fixed piece g³, and the lip f¹ of
the slide is then brought over it. Both cups being thus held and
separated from those in the channels P and Q above them, the tubular 1
punch F advances, and enters the mouth of the deoper cup p, which it
then carries forward and inserts into the mouth of the shallower cup q
as it rests against the face of the. bolster M. The tubular punch F
continuing to advance with the two cups in front of it bears back the
bolster M, compressing the spring I, and forcing the cups over the 2
fixed punch L, whereby a hole is punched through the bottoms of the
two cups. The burrs thus punched out pass along the interior of the
tubular punch F, and finally are discharged from it by the opening F'.
The punch F having made its full stroke forwards begins to recede, the
bolster and punched cups being caused to follow it up for a certain 2
distance partly by the action of the spring I and partly by the tube II
being brought onward by the action of the cam C. The joined and
punched cups are thus brought between the two slides e and e¹, which
retain them while the bolster M is made by the action of the cam C to
recede from them, and they are prevented from being drawn onwards 3
by the tubular punch F by the two slides c and c' embracing that
punch, and thus clearing them off it. The punch F and the bolster M
having left the cups the slides c and care withdrawn from them, and
they drop through the opening R, joined together, and punched. The
action thus described for one pair of cups is repeated for others in 3
succession by the continuous working of the machine, the channels P
and Q being charged with cups inserted in them from the table O,
and the slides being so formed and worked that they permit only the
lowest cup from cach channel to be operated on at one time.
C

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I claim,―
First. The mode substantially as herein described of joining and
punching at one operation by the action of machinery the base cups of
cartridge cases.
Second. The use of machinery or apparatus, constructed and acting
substantially as herein described, whereby the base cups of cartridge
cases are joined and punched at one operation.
•
In witness whereof, I, the said Jabez James, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of October, in the yearof
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
T TAR