Electric Protective and Signal Systems and Apparatus.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 28th Feb., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Electric Protective and Signal Systems and Apparatus.
I, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of 23, Southampton Buildings, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
a communication to me from abroad by Charles Edward Ongley, of the City,
County and State of New York, in the United States of America, Electrician,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The object of this invention is to provide an arrangement of electrical circuits
and apparatus for large buildings, such as factories, and hotels, by means of which
a complete system of indication may be provided at a central point of various
operations which occur in other parts of the building. The arrangement includes
a watchmans time indicating apparatus or register arranged to be operated from any
one of a number of points and to give a permanent record of the time at which,
and the place from which the signal is sent in, so that the movements of the
watchman will be accurately noted. The time indicator is also arranged to indicate
the time when the engine in the building is started and shut down. The valve which
controls the stopping and starting of the engine is arranged to be operated by an
electro-magnet and such magnet is also controlled from the different parts of the
building. Further the electrical system is connected with a valve controlling the
operation of a steam pump or other fire extinguishing apparatus and also with a
fire alarm apparatus. It will be clear that the system need not be confined to a
single building.
In the system also, thermostatic-controllers are placed at suitable points in
a structure to be protected, and the circuit from such controllers is led to the office,
or other suitable point, at which is placed a transmitter adapted to be released upon
the operation of the thermostat, and to automatically record or signal the number
of the thermostat, or station at which the thermostat is placed, and in which
automatic sprinklers are provided for extinguishing the fire by the fusing of a part
of the sprinkler which normally holds the outlet closed.
A further object is to construct an apparatus by means of which a register or
other device having several operating magnets may be operated by use of a single
line wire said magnets being separately energized in the desired order.
A further object is to produce a simple and efficient apparatus for receiving
signals, and for preventing mutilation of signals when two or more boxes are
operated at about the same instant.
And lastly the object of the invention is to provide safety devices for generator
circuits and stations.
Referring to the accompanying drawings:-
Figure 1, is a diagram of the circuits in a building with general views of the
apparatus connected therewith.
Figure 1, shows a valve mechanism which may be used in shutting down an
engine, etc.
Figure 2, a front elevation of the transmitting box with the front of the box
removed.
Figure 3, a side elevation of the interior of the box.
Figure 4, a front view of the indicator or receiver.
Figure 5, a front elevation of the same with the front plate and clock dial
removed.
Figure 6, a top view of the printing wheels and feeding mechanism.
Figure 7, a section of the same between the printing wheels.
Figure 8, a top view of the ratchets and pawl which operate the printing wheel.

page_text: Figure 9, is a front view of a different form of transmitter with the outer cover
removed.
Figure 10, is a side elevation of the same with the side of the box removed.
Figure 11, a top view of the break-wheels and contact springs of the transmitter.
Figure 12, a front clevation of the working parts of a register, the clock dial and
portions of the clock movement being omitted.
Figure 13 a top view of the same.
Figure 14, a horizontal section on the line 6-6 of Figure 12.
Figure 15, a central horizontal section through the type-wheels.
Figure 16, a diagram of the circuits connecting a transmitter with the register.
Figure 17, is a side elevation of a register similar to that shown in Figure 12
with the clock-work and front plate removed as indicated by the line 1-1 of
Figure 19.
Figure 18, is an end view of an entire register looking from the left of Figure 17.
Figure 19 is a plan of the printing mechanism, paper feeding mechanism, and
clock, with that part of the apparatus above the line 3-3 in Figure 17 removed.
Figures 20 and 21, show details of the feeding mechanism for the time-printing
type-wheels.
Figure 22, is a diagrammatic view of an alarm system embodying a part of the
invention.
Figure 23 is a plan view of two individual signal transmitters mounted on a
common base.
Figure 24, illustrates another form of receiver, with the front plate and signal
discs removed.
Figure 25, is a diagrammatic view of a system using this receiver in connection
with a register similar to the form shown in Figures 12 or 17.
Figure 26, is a detail of the circuit controller used at the transmitter.
Figure 27, is a diagram of a system in which a register of the character
illustrated, or other similar devices are operated by the use of one line only.
Figure 28, is a view of the propelling mechanism and switch contacts.
Figure 29, is a plan of a portion thereof.
Figure 30 is a detail of the switch contacts: and
Figure 31, shows the safety devices for generator circuits, and fire extinguishers
in connection therewith.
The system and apparatus shown in Figures 1 to 8 inclusive is as follows:
The transmitting box is of the general character known as an individual signalling
box, that is, a signal box adapted to send a definite number and arrangement of
impulses to indicate the box number. A is the spring placed under tension by the
handle B outside of the box and when released turning the break wheel C whose
teeth make and break contact with the contact spring a so as to transmit a signal
which gives the number of the box as is well understood, the box shown giving
first two impulses and then four so as to indicate the number 24. Placed upon the
operating shaft is a contact arm 6 moved by the spring and handle in the same
manner as the break-wheel. Supported in any suitable manner is a contact spring D,
insulated from the base and from which a circuit wire 1 extends to a spring c at the
bottom of the box whose end projects over the inner end of a contact stem passing
through the box, and having a head E and which when pushed up electrically
connects the spring c with the spring c and closes the circuit from the wire 1 to the
wire 2 which extends out from the box. The contact spring D is placed beyond
the point to which the arm b is moved to send in the number of the box so that in
this operation the contact D is not affected. Still further in the path of movement
of the arm bis another contact spring F from which a wire 4 extends outside the
box. A wire 3 extends from the signalling spring a to an insulated binding post
from which a wire 5 extends away from the box. The line wire 6 which extends to
the box is bared and wrapped around an uninsulated binding post d and then
extends on to the next box, the different boxes being in multiple arc.
There are thus three circuits which may be formed through the box described,

page_text: one from the base of the box through the break wheel, contact spring a and wire 3
to wire 5; second from the base through contact arm b, spring D, wire 1 springs c. cl
to wire 2; and third, from the base through contact arm b, spring F and wire 4.
The first of these circuits is controlled by the break wheel and spring a; the second
by arm and spring D at one point, and button E at another, and the third, by
arm bat spring F.
The indicator or register which is placed at the office of the building or other
central point is illustrated in Figures 4 to 8. Supported upon a suitable case or
frame is a clock dial, the hands of which are operated by suitable clock work which
is not shown but the main spring of which is indicated by the circle G. The clock
movement is connected through any ordinary gearing to the wheel H inside the
case provided with pins on its face. A finger g at the end of an arın I pivotted at /
and retracted against an adjustable stop i by a spring K, projects so as to engage
with the pins when the wheel H revolves. From the finger ga link L extends to
a pivotted lever M whose other end is supported by a spring N and which has a
tooth k engaging with a pinion secured to the printing wheel o which is arranged
to be revolved at hour intervals. The printing wheel O' is preferably arranged to
revolve at intervals of five minutes. This wheel has also a pinion on its outer
face which is engaged by a lever M' supported in the same way as the lever M and
controlled also by the arm I. Depending from the arm I, on which it is pivotted,
is a dog P which extends down between the two type wheels. The end of the
dog P has a tooth shaped as shown in Figure 8 and the longer portion of the tooth
engages with the teeth of a ratchet m on the minute wheel and the shorter portion
with a ratchet m¹ on the hour wheel. The ratchet m has one notch n deeper than
the others so that the dog P engages the hour wheel only when its long tooth enters
the deep notch.
The printing wheels are arranged to print on a continuous strip of paper Q
which passes from a reel R between said wheels and a printing bed S carried at the
end of a pivotted armature lever T controlled by an electro-magnet U. The
feeding mechanism for the strip is operated by a spring V which through suitable
gearing is connected with a roller W having a yielding surface and the strip passes
between said roller and a toothed wheel X, pressed against the strip by a spring Y.
The feeding mechanism is normally held from moving by a pivotted detent Z
engaging with notches of a wheel o of the feeding train, and the end of the detent
extends up close to the armature lever T; also connected with the armature lever
is a rod p which controls an escapement 7 for the feeding mechanism.
In operation the clock spring and the feeding spring are both wound up and the
clock movement turns the wheel H.
The arms M and M' are normally in engagement with the pinions 1. and the
dog P is at the same time out of engagement with but in close proximity, to the
lifted by
ratchet m'. The wheel H revolves once in an hour so that the arm I
the pins once every five minutes. When a pin engages with the finger g it
lifts the arms M M' so that the type wheels are made free to revolve, and lowers the
dog P into engagement with another tooth of the ratchet m, and when the pin
passes the finger the spring K lifts the dog P so as to throw the minute wheel over
one space and the arms M M' drop back so as to prevent any further movement.
At the twelfth movement of the minute wheel the tooth at end of dog P drops into
the deep notch of the ratchet so that at this time both the minute wheel and the
hour wheel are turned.
When the magnet U is energized it draws down the armature lever T and throws
up the printing bed S against the strip Q so that the hour and minute are printed
thereon. At the same time the detent Z is released but the escapement g is thrown
up and prevents the movement of the tape at this time, so that there being no
movement at the time of printing, there is no danger of rubbing or blurring the
record.
As soon as the magnet is de-energized however the armature lever drops and

page_text: releases the escapement and the tape is fed out until the detent Z reaches the next
notch in the wheel o when the feeding ceases until the magnet is again energized.
By operating an indicating or registering apparatus of this general character in
connection with individual signal transmitters, which forms an important feature of
the invention, an indication or registry is effected at each operation of the trans-
mitter not only of the time of such operation but of the number of the transmitting
box operated, since at each contact of the break wheel with the contact spring
in the transmitter the magnet is energized and prints once, and the arrangement
of the numbers printed on the strip will give the number of the box, as is illus-
trated in Figure 6, in which the figures printed on the strip indicate that box
No. 12 has sent in a signal at 7.20 o'clock.
Referring now to Figure 1, A' is the main supplying battery. It is preferred to
provide also an auxiliary battery A2 and a switch which is for throwing the
battery A² into circuit when required. Said switch also furnishes a convenient
point from which to extend the circuits to the different parts of the building and is
preferably located in the engine room. B' represents mechanism for operating the
throttle valve of a steam engine and C¹ that which controls the operation of a steam
pump. The engine valve is controlled by an electro magnet D' but is also arranged
to be controlled by hand when desired. The valve mechanism is illustrated in
Figure 1*.
1 is the main valve and consists of a central stem provided at each end with a
screw-threaded extension. On the lower extension is a cup-shaped piece 2. carrying
a suitable packing which, when the valve is closed, rests against the valve-seat 3.
The cup and hence the packing, are of greater diameter than the valve-seat, so
that the packing rests squarely and firmly thereon. The extension also carries a
lock-nut 4. Around a socket in the cap 5, into which the extension projects, and
pressing up against the cup 2, is a coiled spring. On the upper extension of the
valve is a second cup-shaped piece which is preferably larger than 2, and which
fits as a piston into the tube 5. This cup is provided with a packing 6; over
the piston-head 7 is a washer or packing 8, preferably of leather, and over this a
retaining nut 9 and lock-nut 10. Though 7, 8, and 9, are holes, placed in line and
preferably provided with a hollow screw threaded bushing 11, which serves as a
permanent exhaust for the purpose hereafter described. A branch-pipe 11', is
attached to the chamber under the piston and conducts the escaping water.
upper end of the tube 5 is closed by a nut cap 12, which may have a cock attach-
ment, as also may the tube below the second valve. The valve is normally held up
against the seat 3 by the spring. 13 is the water inlet. When the valve mechanism
is attached to a water supply, water flows into the space 14, below the main valve,
and into the space 15 below the second valve. The water pressure then combines
with the spring to hold the main valve closed.
The
The second valve, in the preferred form, consists of a stem 16, which passes
through a packing to the outside of the valve chamber.
At the inner end of the stem is a cup-shaped nut with a packing 17, and with
locking nuts. This valve is held closed by spring 18, and when there is water in
the space 15, by water pressure. Stem 16 carries a nut 19, having on its upper
side a socket 20, into which socket passes loosely a rod 21, which is supported in a
bearing 22 and bushing 23. A pin 24 rides in a slot 25 in the upper end of the
bushing as the rod moves up and down. This serves to prevent the rod from
turning, and thus keeps the armature 26 carried thereby, in line with the magnet
poles. 27 is an arm or bracket having at its upper end an adjusting screw, and
between a nut thereon and the armature is a spring 28, the tension of which is
opposed to that of spring 18 and the water pressure, but is insufficient to overcome
the latter. The magnet 29, only one limb of which is shown in the drawing, is
in circuit 4.
A terminal of the battery extends to the line wire, 6, which includes the operating
magnet U of the receiver and is connected to the base of each of the transmitting

page_text: boxes E¹ which are in circuit, these being those in multiple arc on the line as
previously explained. The wire 6 preferably terminates at a box E2 in the engine
room or elsewhere. The contact spring F of each box is connected by the
wire 4 with the magnet D1 and thence to the switch and the battery terminal.
The contact spring D in each box is, as before explained, connected by wire 1
to the push button E, thence by wire 2 to the magnet D2 which controls the valve
of the steam pump C'. In this circuit is included a magnet G¹ which controls a
local circuit 7, 8 containing a battery H¹ and a vibrating bell I intended to be
placed outside the building and to serve as a fire alarm signal, it being placed in a
local circuit instead of on the main circuit in order that a continuous alarm may
be given. The armature lever of the magnet (is arranged to be locked when
attracted by the magnet so as to keep the local circuit closed and continue the signal
at I until the armature is released by hand.
There is also an independent circle 9. 9. containing a push button s in the engine
room, and a bell in the office or elsewhere. The wire 5, which extends from the
contact springs a of the signal boxes may go direct to the battery but it is preferred
to place therein a one-stroke bell K situated in the engine room and provided with
a switch at L' for cutting it out of circuit so that it may or may not be used as desired.
The manner of using the apparatus thus described is preferably as follows: The
register being placed in the office and the transmitting boxes at convenient
points throughout the building the watchman in making his rounds will send in
signals from the different individual transmitting boxes by turning the handles only
far enough to operate the break wheel and this furnishes upon the record strip an
indication of the time and the box number as already explained. If it is required
to shut down the engine from another part of the building in case of fire or other
exigency the handle of the nearest box is turned to its farthest point which brings.
the contact arms against the spring F and so energizes the magnet D' and moves
the valve. This of course gives a greater number of revolutions to the break wheel
than in its normal operation and as this is indicated on the register at the office
by the time and box number, being printed a greater number of times than usual, a
record is obtained at the office, of the fact that the engine was shut down from
that box and at that time. This movement of the box does not affect the circuit
controlled by the contact spring B, this circuit being normally open at the push
button E, but in case of fire if it is desired to start the fire pump C' from any part
of the building the handle is turned to the point which brings the arms b against
the spring D and at the same time the push button E is pushed up to close the
circuit so that the pump valve is operated and as the handle turns back the record
of the fact of this operation is inscribed on the register as before explained,
the printing being accomplished a less number of times than in operating the engine
valve. This same operation will also cause the magnet G₁ to close the local
circuit and ring the bell if such apparatus is provided. The purpose of
the bell K is to give the engine room, if desired, a signal, when signals are sent
in from the boxes so that if the engine valve or fire apparatus is operated from
another part of the building, the engineer will be informed by the number of
strokes of the bell of the number of the box operated. By means of the push
buttons and bell t the engineer may signal the office when necessary.
The box E may be used to test the main circuit, since if when such box is
operated the bell K¹ responds, it will be shown that the circuit is complete. This
box is however, used by the engineer in shutting down his engine, so that the
shutting down and the time of doing so will be registered at the office.
In the printing register devices may be provided for inking the printing wheels
if desired. I have however not shown such mechanism as the same is well under-
stood and because it is preferred not to employ ink but to stamp or emboss the
numbers on the strip.
In connection with Figures 9 to 16 a modified form of transmitter and register
will now be described. A is a suitable transmitter box. B is a spring motor put
under tension by a handle C outside of the box, as is usual in district call boxes.

page_text: Instead of however employing as usual one break-wheel turned by the spring motor
there are two wheels a and a on the same spindle and turning together. Each of
these wheels has on its periphery several projecting teeth, which co-operate in
transmitting a signal, and in the path of movement of such teeth are two contact
springs band, one for each wheel. The teeth of one wheel are preferably placed
in advance of the other, and it will be seen that as the break-wheels make a
revolution, two sets of electrical impulses will be transmitted and each set will
indicate one of the figures composing the number of the box. The box shown
having five teeth on the first wheel, and four on the second the number transmitted
will be fifty four.
Upon a wheel c of the train of gearing within the transmitter is placed a pin d in
the path of movement of which is a contact spring e. The pin d is so placed that
it will engage the spring e after the teeth of both break-wheels have passed under
their contact springs. The contact spring e is that which controls the printing
mechanism of the register.
From the transmitter, circuits extend as follows:
The wire 1 is the main circuit from the battery, and is connected with an
uninsulated binding post so as to bring the metal box into circuit as usual. A
wire 2 extends from the contact spring b, a wire 3 from the contact spring b¹, and a
wire 4 from the contact spring e, so that at one revolution of the wheel e the circuits
will close in the following order: first, the circuit 2, then circuit 3, and finally
circuit 4.
Referring now to the register shown in Figures 12, 13, 14, and 15 it will be
understood that the working parts shown are enclosed in a suitable case, and they
are mounted on a base D within which are the feeding devices for the record strip
which I have not considered it necessary to fully illustrate. By such devices,
which are controlled by the magnet E, which also controls the printing mechanism,
the record strip of paper tape F, is fed from a roll G through the register, passing
under the four type wheels H, H, I, I', which are placed in line side by side. The
two inner type-wheels H and H₁ are operated or controlled by a suitable clock
movement, most of the parts of which are not shown, and which is wound up when
necessary. The type-wheel H prints the hours and is revolved one space every
60 minutes, and the type-wheel H¹ prints the minutes and is revolved one space
every five minutes. The mechanism for revolving these wheels is as follows:
is a toothed wheel forming a part of the clock train, with the teeth of which
engages the pawl 9 carried at the end of the jointed arm h pivotted at i and carrying
at its upper end a weight K. Attached to the hour type-wheel H is a ratchet k,
and attached to the minute wheel H¹ is a ratchet k¹. These ratchets are engaged
by a swinging dog whose end has two teeth, one longer than the other as illustrated
in Figure 14. The dog is hung from a pivotted arm m on the top of which is a
flat plate n.
Also suspended from the arm m is a lever o having a tooth which engages another
ratchet k² outside the time-wheels, said lever being retracted by a spring p. It
will be seen that as the toothed wheelf revolves engaging with the pawl 9 such
wheel being on the arbor of the hour hand of the clock and provided with twelve
teeth, it will lift the weight K until the pawl g passes over a tooth when the
weight K will drop the arm carrying the weight striking on the plate n and will
move the arm m and dog I so that such dog will turn the time wheel with which it
is in engagement. The stop-lever o also immediately drops into the ratchet k² and
prevents any greater movement of the type-wheel than is necessary to advance it
one space. The minute-wheel H' is thus advanced every five minutes, and at the
twelfth movement the long tooth of the dog I enters an unusually deep notch in
the racket k', so that at this time the short tooth of the dog engages the ratchet of
the hour wheel and both the wheels are turned together, the hour-wheel being thus
advanced one space. This arrangement, in which the weight is lifted by the clock
train and dropped positively to effect the movement of the type wheels, is a very
simple and effective one for the purpose. The record strip F passes below the

page_text: type-wheels and between them and the printing beds carried at the end of the
lever, which is connected with the armature-lever controlled by the magnet E,
so that when such magnet is energized it throws the printing-bed up against the
tape and presses the same against the type-wheels so that such characters as are
lowermost on the type-wheels at the time are printed on the strip. t is an inking
ribbon for inking the type-wheels.
Supported above the apparatus upon suitable standards as shown, are two electro-
magnets M and M. Below the poles of each magnet is an armature-lever N or N¹,
provided with retracting springs u, carrying at their outer ends the pivotted spring
retracted dogs v, vl, which respectively operate the number-printing type wheels
and I. These pivotted dogs engage respectively at with ratchets and O¹
connected with the type wheels I and I', and turn said type wheels by a step by
step movement, according as the armatures are lifted by the magnets M and M¹,
the retaining pawls or spring catches w dropping into the ratchets after each.
movement and holding them from turning backward. Each type-wheel I, I, is
provided with a coiled spring P for returning it to its normal position when it is
released. A catch a is provided for holding the dog and retaining pawl out of
engagement during the return movement of the type-wheel, this catch being tripped
by a pin y on the wheel and prevented from excessive downward movement by the
stop-pin a¹.
Now referring to the diagram, Figure 16, it will be seen that the magnet E of
the register is in circuit 4 from the contact spring e of the transmitter. The
magnet M is in the circuit 3 from the contact spring b¹, and magnet M' is in the
circuit 2 from the contact spring b.
These are all multiple-arc circuits from the main battery Q. In the return
wire 5 which is common to both magnets M and M' I prefer to place a single-stroke
bell R, which may be situated in practice at any convenient point.
In operation the time printing wheels H and H¹ are kept constantly at the right
point to print the hour and minute by the clock-movement, and when a transmitter
is operated the first effect is, as the contact spring b engages the teeth on the
wheel a, that the magnet M' is energized five times and five successive impulses are
communicated to the armature-lever N¹ and pivotted dog vl, so that the type
wheel I' is moved five spaces and the Figure 5 thereon is brought into the printing
position, it being then held in this position by its catch w. Then in the transmitter
the teeth on the brake wheel a engage the spring b, and four impulses are com-
municated through the magnet M to the type wheel I and the same is revolved so
as to bring the Figure 4 into printing position. All the type wheels being then in
position, the spring e reaches the pin d in the transmitter and closes the circuit 4
through the magnet E so that the printing-beds is thrown up against the type-
wheels, and the number of the box and the time of the signal are therefore printed
on the tape, in the manner shown in Figure 13, the outer Figures 5 and 4 indicating
the number of the box, and the inner figures showing that the signal was sent in at
7.30 o'clock.
The feeding mechanism for the tape, feeds the tape on after this operation, this
being as usual controlled by the magnet E.
It will be seen that the ends of the dogs r, r, extend down close to the end of the
lever L which carries the printing bed, and when the said lever is raised, to print,
said dogs are thrown back and are caught and held by the catches x, and in their
movement they push back the catches with pins on which they engage and so
release the type wheels, which are immediately carried back by their springs to
their original position, at which point the projecting ends of the catches are met
by the pins y on the wheels, and these trip the catches and permit the dogs v and
catches w to return to operating position.
It will be seen that as all the figures are in line across the strip very little space
is consumed in printing each signal, and a large saving in paper and also in ink is
obtained.
It will of course be understood that a suitable number of signal transmitters, such

page_text: as described, and arranged, for different numbers, are connected with the main
circuit in the ordinary manner. It is evident that in case the number of the box is
composed of only one figure, the transmitter may be provided with a single break-
wheel, and the register with a single number-printing type-wheel, and operating
mechanism therefor, but by connecting only one side of the register shown, in
circuit, so that only one type-wheel is operated, the same result is obtained.
The register illustrated in Figures 17 to 21 is similar to that shown in Figure 12,
but includes additional improvements.
It will be understood that the working parts of the register or recorder are
inclosed in a suitable case, and are mounted on a case D, within which are the
feeding devices for the record strip 4. This feeding-mechanism is driven preferable
by a weight suspended on cord 5. The motor is normally held from action by the
arm 6, and detent 7, said arm being raised at each movement of the printing platen 8,
through the medium of an extension, as will be clear from the drawing The platen
is of sufficient length to span all of the type-wheels, and is preferably composed of a
rubber striking block held in a cup-shaped socket, on the end of the printing lever,
by its own friction or elasticity only, so that it can readily be removed. E is the
printing magnet. The arm 6 is provided with a projecting piece 9 which when
the apparatus is at rest bears on one of the lowest portions of the cam-wheel 10, and
as soon as the apparatus is released, and the weight begins to turn the mechanism,
a higher portion of the cam comes under said projecting piece and prevents the arm
from descending until the cam has made approximately one-third of a revolution,
when the projecting piece will pass the point 11 and fall sufficiently to engage with
the detent 7. as it comes to the position shown.
The wheel 10 is provided with projecting pins 11', which, as the cam revolves,
strike a pivotted lever carrying at one end a pin p which extends transversely
across the ends of the pawl-arms 31. This movement of the clockwork feeds the
paper along into the proper position for printing another record.
Between the record-strip and the type wheels is the inking ribbon 12, which is
wound from one drum, 13, onto another drum 14, by means of the pawl 15,
carried by the printing platen. This feed is accomplished by a step by step
movement, the drum 14, being advanced one notch for each stroke of the platen,
and the length and position of the pawl 15, is preferably so adjusted that it shall
advance the inking ribbon just before the platen presses, the paper and ribbon
against the type. When the ribbon has been fed from drum 13 to 14, it can be
re-wound onto the former by means of the thumb-screw 16 (Figure 18). By this
arrangement the paper and the inking ribbon are independently fed, and a fresh
inking-surface is presented for each impression. Preferably four type-wheels are
employed as indicated in dotted lines at I, I', H, H' in Figure 18.
The two type-wheels H. H₁ are the time-printing wheels and are periodically
moved forward by the time piece 17 (which is supported on or adjacent to the front
plate of the register) in the following manner. On an arbor of the time piece is a
wheel 18, provided with cam teeth 19, preferably 12 in number. In close
proximity to the cam faces of the teeth is supported an arm 20 having an anti-
friction bearing 21, and said arm is rigidly connected to arm 22, through the medium
of shaft 23. Connected to one end of 22 is a rod 24, the other end of which is
connected to the pivotted lever carrying the weight 25. As the wheel 18 is
revolved by the time-piece, the teeth 19 in succession move the arm 20 in the
direction of the arrow, (Figure 20) and thereby raise the weight 25, and as each
tooth passes the end of the arm allows the weight to drop. This occurs at intervals
of five minutes. As the weight falls it strikes another pivotted arm 26, thereby
forcing the pawl 27 down, engaging it with a lower tooth in the ratchet h¹, which is
fixed to the minute-printing type wheel H', so that when the weight is again raised,
the retracting spring of arm 26, will turn said wheel H' one space, thus bringing a
new time-indicating number into printing position. It will be understood that 27
is provided with two pawl extensions of different lengths, one cooperating with
ratchet and the other cooperating with the ratchet /, which is fixed to type

page_text: wheel H, when the first-mentioned pawl falls into a deep notch in H¹ and that this
occurs once during each revolution of wheel 18, that is, once an hour. When this
occurs the hour-wheel H is advanced one space.
The type-wheels I I¹, which are designed primarily for printing the box or
station number are moved in one direction by the magnets M, M', respectively.
Each of said magnets is provided with an armature and an armature-lever 28, and
depending therefrom a pawl 29, which engages with ratchet 30, fixed to said type
wheels. The pawl-lever is extended as shown at 31, for a purpose which will be
hereafter described. 32, is a detent to prevent retrograde motion of the type-
wheel I', and it will be understood that there is a similar detent for wheel I. In
detents 32, are placed pins 32' extending across the arms of pawls 29, so that when
the latter are retracted they carry with them the detents 32. 33 is a stop to prevent
the time type-wheels from moving more than a single space at each impulse. This
detent is connected to 26 by a link so that the two parts move together.
Wound onto pulleys fixed to type wheels I, I', respectively, are two cords 34,
attached to weights 35, which slide in tubes 36. These tubes are provided with
small perforations near the ends, and serve as dash-pots to retard the motion of the
weight therein, in the well known manner. I have shown the tubes as held in place
by screws 37.
In Figure 22 a register of the character above described is shown diagram-
matically at 32, 33, 34, in connection with a fire alarm and fire extinguishing
system. 1, is a waterpipe conducting water under a suitable pressure to the part
of the building to be protected. At the end of the pipe, or at intervals along the
length of the pipe are arranged automatic sprinklers. A. single sprinkler 2, is
shown, although it will be understood that in practice several may be used with a
separate circuit for each sprinkler and relay-magnet, or with a single circuit
passing in series through a number of sprinklers, so that when any one gives way,
the circuit will be opened. The sprinkler illustrated consists of a cap 3, placed
over the end of the tube and held in place by the pivotted levers 4, having
inwardly projecting shoulders under the cap, and normally held together by the
fusible link 5. A conducting ball, wedge, or other device 6, is placed between the
projecting ends of the two levers 4, 4, and to piece 6 is connected one end of a
circuit from a suitable battery, preferably a gravity battery, 7. The other terminal
of the battery is connected to the water pipe. A relay magnet 8, is interposed in
this circuit, and the armature thereof is normally attracted. If by accident or
otherwise, 6 is disarranged or falls away from its seat, as it would do should
levers 4, 4, separate, or if they should move away from each other slightly, this
circuit will be broken, the effect being to allow the relay armature to fall back
against contact 9, and close a second circuit, which is indicated on the drawing by
the single arrow-heads, and may be traced as follows: from the battery 10, to the
annunciator, or electro-magnetic circuit-closer, 11, to the releasing magnet 12, of
the signal transmitter, X, at the right, to the frame of the clock work at the left,
thence to the revolving arm 13', to contact spring 14' against which the arm
normally bears, to contact 9, through the armature, to the other pole of the battery.
This circuit energizes magnet 12 and releases the clock-work at the right. An
alarm bell 25, may be placed in this circuit if desirable.
Referring now to Figure 23, the mechanism there shown which may be called a
duplex individual signal transmitter and which is connected to the register will be
described. The apparatus illustrated is intended for use at a station whose number
is 4, as indicated by the four circuit-making teeth on the wheels 15, 15'. In the
position shown the clockwork or motors indicated by the wheels 16, 16' are wound
up, and the devices are in condition to run down when released. In this position
the revolving arms 13 13¹ bear against the contact-springs 14, 14'. The contact-
springs 17 17 are adjacent to, but out of contact with, the wheels 15, 15, 17¹
being connected to wire 17".
The springs 18, 18, are over, but out of contact with, said wheels. From said
wheels projects pins 19, which, as the wheels revolve, come in contact with

page_text: springs 18, 18¹. At the termination of preferably, two revolutions of wheel 15',
the arm 13', comes to rest against contact spring 201. On the transmitter Y, at the
left is an additional spring 21 between 14' and 20', which 13' touches as it revolves.
At this transmitter also is a contact spring 22 which bears against 13¹ when set for
operation. The magnet 12 and its armature control the detent or escapement 23
of the right signal transmitter. The magnet 12' and its armature control the
detent or escapement 23¹ of the left transmitter.
Referring again to Figure 22, 24 are thermostatic circuit-controllers placed in the
apartment to be protected, preferably adjacent to the sprinklers. These circuit
controllers, of which any number may be used, are adjusted to close or change the
circuit at a temperature considerably lower than that required to release the
automatic sprinklers. From one side of each thermostatic circuit-controller a wire
extends to the battery 10; from the other side of the thermostat a wire extends to
magnet 12', spring 14 arm 13, through the frame of the apparatus, to wire 26, to
the other pole of the battery. When, therefore the heat is sufficient to operate the
thermostat, the above circuit will be closed, the magnet 12¹ energized and the trans-
mitter Y released. The revolution of this transmitter first breaks the contact
between 14 and 13'; as we have before seen, the circuit of releasing magnet 12
passes through these points hence if the thermostat first operates the transmitter X
cannot be released by magnet 12 until the arm 131 comes to rest in contact with
spring 20' when the circuit of the releasing-magnet will be re-established. The
arm 13' next makes contact with spring 21 closing the following circuit; 21,
wire 27, bell 28, magnet 29, battery 30 wire 31 to the frame of the transmitter, to
arm 13. This circuit energizes magnet 29, and releases the escapement of an
automatic transmitter which sends an alarm and station number over wires 17, 35',
and 31, to the fire department or engine house in the well known manner.
last mentioned wires correspond respectively to wires 17", 35 and 31 that is they
connect with corresponding parts of a receiver or register at the fire department.
During the revolution of wheel 15', 17' makes contact with the projecting teeth,
closing a circuit four times. This circuit may be traced as follows; frame of the
transmitter, wire 31, battery 30, magnet 32 of the signal receiver or register to
spring 171.
This circuit is indicated by triangular arrow-heads. The magnet 32,
by means of its armature and propelling pawl, turns the type wheel 33 four spaces,
after which the pin 19 comes in contact with spring 18', which closes the following
circuit; frame of the transmitter wire 31; battery 30, magnet 34, which controls
the printing platen of the receiver or register, in a well known manner, wire 35, to
spring 181.
The
Let it now be supposed that owing to an accident, the circuit-controller at the
sprinkler were first operated. As before described the transmitter X would be
released by magnet 12.
At the same time the drop of the annunciator, or electro-magnetic circuit-closer 11,
would fall, closing the circuit leading from spring 22, for a purpose which will soon
appear. As arm 13 revolves it first leaves spring 14, opening the circuit of releasing-
magnet 12', so that transmitter at Y cannot then be released until arm 13 comes to
rest against spring 20, when the circuit will be re-established, and this preferably
occurs at the close of three revolutions of wheel 15. By giving wheels 15, and 15¹
a different number of revolutions the recorder will indicate which transmitter
operated, or if both, the order in which they operated. During each revolution of
wheel 15, the spring 17 makes and breaks the circuit which leads to magnet 32 four
times, thus moving the type wheel 33 four spaces. Then pin 19 comes in contact
with spring 18 and closes a circuit through the printing magnet 34, thus recording
the number of the station or sprinkler which has become disarranged.
The fact that the circuit controller at the sprinkler operates first indicates that
it is due to some accidental cause, such as a blow, or a yielding of the fusible link due
to too great pressure, rust, or some similar cause, since as before stated, the thermostats
are adjusted to operate at a lower degree of heat than the sprinklers. It is therefore
desirable to shut off the water so that the structure need not be unnecessarily

page_text: flooded and means for accomplishing this will now be described. In the water pipe
is placed a normally-open valve, the stem of which is shown at 36. Projecting from
a valve stem is an arm carrying at its end a weight w. 36' is a catch holding the
lever in such position as to maintain the valve open. Adjacent to the catch, on
which is an armature, is a magnet 37. The circuit through this magnet is indicated
by the double headed arrows, and may be traced as follows: beginning at
battery 10, it passes through magnet 11, magnet 12, to the transmitter Y, arm 131,
spring 22, annunciator drop, which is now down in the position indicated by the
dotted lines to the lower contact of the switch 38 on which the switch arm is placed
during the night, for example, when it is desired to automatically operate the valve
thence to magnet 37, and to the other pole of the battery. The closure of this
circuit attracts 36', allowing the weight w to descend, closing the valve. Any
other suitable valve controller may be substituted for the one just described.
During the day the switch referred to is preferably moved from the lower contact
to an open position. Should the sprinkler circuit-controller give way an attendant
might close the valve manually by turning the switch onto the upper contact, when
the circuit would be; battery 10, to said upper contact through the switch to the
magnet, and back to the other pole of the battery.
It will be clear that should the thermostatic circuit-controller first operate it
would not be desirable to close the valve and thus shut off the water, since the
operation of a thermostat presumably indicates the presence of fire, and the water
pressure should remain undisturbed. To provide for this is the object of spring 22
before described, since, when the transmitter Y is released by operation of the
thermostat, the circuit which has been described for automatically closing the valve
is opened at said spring 22, and this renders it impossible for the valve controller
to operate, when, on a further rise in temperature the apparatus at the right is
released by the giving way of the sprinkler.
A register of the character herein before described is shown in Figure 25 in series
with another signal receiver (illustrated in Figure 24) and with non-interfering
transmitters.
The additional receiver, which will be first described, is provided with three discs,
on which are placed in regular order numbers or other symbols by which the
signal or information is indicated. The position of said discs is indicated in Figure 1,
by the dotted circles 11' and 2.
The discs are also shewn in Figure 24 in dotted lines, the discs in this case being
behind the front plate of the receiver. In this plate are openings or windows 3,
behind which the numbers on the discs are successively brought by the operation
of a transmitter. 4 are knobs or handles on the outside of the front plate which
can be grasped by the hand for the purpose of turning the discs in the direction of
the arrows shown in Fig. 25. This motion puts under tension the propelling device
or motor, indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 24 of the several discs. Each of these
motors is provided with a detent 5 and a magnet 6, 61, 6", which when operated
releases the detent and allows the wheel on which the detent pin is placed to make
one revolution. An entire revolution of this wheel moves the signal disc of the
corresponding mechanism one space. When the disc 2 begins to move the pin 7
carried thereby will move away from the handle of the two way switch 8, allowing
the spring to move the switch from the normal contact as shown, onto the normally
open contact 9. This closes a signal circuit at the spring 10. At the same time
it cuts out the detent magnets 6 6¹³.
At 11 is shown a second switch for automatically short circuiting magnet 6"
should the apparatus be accidently left for some time without being reset by means
of the handles 4 as above described.
This short circuit is closed when the pin 7 moves around striking the arm of the
switch and throwing it onto contact 12. At the same time the signal circuit may
be opened by the movement of the switch arm 11' from its normal position. 13 is
a handle which when moved to the position shown in Fig. 24 short circuit; all the

page_text: detent magnets of the receiver, and when moved towards the word "On," breaks
these short circuits.
Referring now to Fig. 25, the transmitters will be described. Within a box 14
is mounted any suitable motor 15 for propelling the transmitting mechanism when
wound by means of the handle 16. Any suitable circuit controller may be
employed. I have shown break wheels 17-17' having projecting teeth, which, as
the wheels revolve make contact with circuit terminals 18 adjacent thereto. Fig. 26
indicates the fact that more than one circuit-breaking wheel and co-operating
contact-spring is, or may be employed. In the normal condition of the apparatus
stop arm 19 bears against the pin 20, and at the same time against a spring 21,
which spring is in the following circuit; from the spring through magnet 22,
wire 23, to battery, wire 24, to the frame of a succeeding transmitter, through the
stop arm 19 of said transmitter to a corresponding spring 21¹ magnet 22¹ wire 25
to the frame and stop arm of the first transmitter. It is evident that any number
of transmitters may be employed each having a magnet 22, in the circuit of this
one battery. The circuit just described is a local circuit extending between several
adjacent transmitters but extending to the distant receiving station.
In the con-
dition of the apparatus just described, the armatures 26 would be attracted to the
poles of the magnets, and would be out of the path of movement of the stop arms 19.
At the transmitter on the right the handle has been moved to wind up the motor
and has thrown the stop arm 19, away from its normal position. The first move-
ment of the arm 19 carries its end above the armature before it breaks contact with
spring 21 As soon as it leaves said spring all the armatures 26 are elevated by
means of their attracting springs or otherwise. This position is shown in the
drawing. The box first operated would be unaffected by this movement of the
armature having passed out of range, and being free to complete its revolution.
At the other box, the box at the left for example, the arm 19 is locked by the
armature.
27 is the register, 28 is a side view of a clock for controlling the position of two
time-indicating type wheels 29. 30 is a magnet in series with the detent magnet
of disc, 1, of the receiver and serves to move the type wheel 31 step by step at each
make and break in the circuit. 32 is a similar magnet for moving the type
wheel 33, and is in series with the detent-magnet of disc 11 of the receiver.
a printing magnet in the register and is in series with the detent magnet 2 of the
receiver. A single battery 35 serves to energize all the magnets of the receiving
apparatus except bell 36, which is shown in circuit with a local battery.
34 is
The operation of the system will now be described. It is supposed that the
switch arm 13 is moved to the right and the several discs have been set at zero
(winding their motors) whereby the receiver is put in operative condition. At the
transmitter on the right the arm 16 is moved sufficiently far to wind the motor to
such an extent as to cause the circuit-controlling wheels 17, 171, to revolve
twice. The first effect is to operate the non-interference mechanism as already
described. When the handle is liberated, and the transmitter allowed to run down,
the wheels 17 171 turn together in the direction of the hands of a watch. The five
teeth on wheel 17 first make and break contact with spring 18 in the following
circuit; spring 18, wire 37, wire 38, to switch 8, wire 39, detent magnet 6, wire 39',
wire 38' to magnet 30 of the register, to the battery back to the frame of the
transmitter and the circuit controlling wheel, thus energizing and de-energizing
the detent-magnet five times, and bringing the numeral before the window as
shewn in Figure 25. The next effect is after a short interval for the single tooth
on wheel 17¹ to make and break contact with its contact spring, which is in the
following circuit; spring, wire 40, wire 41, switch 8, wire 42, detent magnet 61, wire 42¹
wire 41' to magnet 32 of the register, to the battery, and back to the transmitter.
This sets disc 1' with the numeral 1 before its window. Thus it will be seen that
the single receiver shows at a glance the number of the box operated, and the type-
wheels of the register are set to indicate the same information. As the transmitter

page_text: continues to move, the pin 20 makes contact with spring 43, which is in the following
circuit; spring, wire 44, detent magnet 61, wire 44', to printing magnet 34 of the
register or recorder, to battery, and back to the transmitter. This circuit is closed
once for each revolution of discs 17, 171. As shown in Figure 25 the transmitter
at the right has revolved twice, closing the last mentioned circuit twice, bringing
the numeral 2 before the window of disc 2. As has already been stated, as soon as
disc 2 begins to move the detent-magnets of the other discs are short circuited by
switch 8. The object of this is to prevent further motion of discs 1, 11, during the
second or succeeding revolutions of the transmitter, as it is desired that they should
remain as set by the first revolution to indicate the number of the station signalling.
It will be understood that the numbers on disc 2 indicate any desired information
according to a predetermined code. Instead of numbers indicating certain informa-
tion or wants the information may be placed directly on the disc.
In a hotel, for example, having more than ninety-nine rooms, itwould be necessary
to employ more than two discs for indicating the higher numbers, and in that case
an extra wire or wires would have to be used between the receivers and transmitters,
and additional circuit-controlling wheels and springs would be necessary, as is
evident.
At each movement of disc 2 the printing magnet 34 of the receiver is energized,
bringing the platen against the paper and printing the box number and time,
if a time register is employed. If therefore the strip shows the box or room
number twice the information indicated by 2 is recorded and so on for other
numbers.
During the night, or when the operator is to be away from the receiving station
for a considerable time, the switch 13 is moved to the position shown in Figure 24.
In this condition of the system a signal sent from a transmitter would not affect the
disc of the apparatus, but would be recorded in the register 27. Should the
receiver be left with handle 13 to the right the disc 2 would continue to move at
each make and break of its circuit until pin 7 should approach the limit of a complete
revolution, when said pin would move switch 11 onto its contact and thus automati-
cally short circuit magnet 6". The bell 36 may be placed at any desired position,
and several bells may be placed in the same circuit, for example in a fire alarm
system for a factory, one bell may be placed in the office, one bell in the engine
room, one in the superintendent's room, etc.
In Figure 27 the register, or a similar device is shown in a system having but one
line wire.
at
1, is said line wire leading from any suitable transmitter or transmitters placed
any desired points. In line 1, is included a relay magnet 2. and a battery M B,
and in the form illustrated the relay magnet is in a normally closed circuit, and
one of the local circuits hereafter described is closed by each movement of the
relay magnet, but it is evident that a reversal of this arrangement might be made to
operate equally well. The armature 3 of the relay is connected by wire 4 to the
local battery L B, thence by wire 5 to wire 6, to magnet 7, which is the first magnet
to be operated in the receiver R.
From magnet 7 wire 8 extends to the starting magnet 9, thence to the contact 10.
From this point the circuit is continued through the contact 11 to the frame of the
mechanism, wire 12, contact raising magnet 13, back to the second contact 14 of
the relay. The contact 10¹ is connected in similar manner to the second magnet of
the receiver; 10", to the third magnet and so on for succeeding contacts. The last
two contacts, 15, are in the following circuit; wire 16, through the printing or other
similar magnet 17 to local battery, wire 18 to the stopping magnet 19, back to the
second contact 15.
Referring now to Figures 28 and 29 the mechanism of the device which I term
an automatic distributor or switch will be described. Any suitable motor-
mechanism 20 is employed. This mechanism is normally held from movement by
means of the detent armature and pawl 21, which when the apparatus is at rest,
occupies the position shown in Figure 28. 22 is a weighted escapement controlling

page_text: the rapidity of movement of the mechanism. 23 is a screw turned by the motor
during its operation. Adjacent to the screw is the contact 11, loosely pivotted or
sleeved on the axis 24. Said contact carries a pin 25, which rides in the thread of
the screw, whereby as the screw turns, the contact is moved bodily along the length
of the screw. It is evident that this arrangement may be varied somewhat; for
example, contact 11 instead of moving bodily on the rod 24 may be hinged or
supported on a spring at the rear end, and its contact end may move in the arc of
a circle. 26 is an armature an extension of which bears on one end of the contact
lever 11. When therefore the armature is attracted the pin 25 will be raised from
the screw-thread, at the same time leaving the lower contact 10. 27 is a cord
connected to the moveable arm 11, and passing over a pulley 28, is connected with
a weight sliding freely in a tube 29, thus serving as a retracting device for 11 when
it is raised from the screw. A spring or other retracting device might be em-
ployed. Over the several contacts 10', 10", etc. is placed a track or way 30 having
an inclined end 31 adjacent to the end contacts 15, and over each of the
contacts 10¹, etc., near one edge, as shown, is placed a depending arm or stop 32.
The first contact, 10, is provided with a similar stop 33. At the outer end of
screw 23 is placed a disc or plate 34, preferably being capable of lengthwise move-
ment by the compression of the spring, and having a projecting pin 35, for a purpose
which will hereafter appear.
The operation of this system and apparatus is as follows:
Let it be supposed that in line 1 is a transmitter constructed to break and make
the circuit twice in succession, then after a comparatively long pause to break it
again, then after another pause to break it twice, thus sending over the line the
signal "212." The effect of the first break would be to close the circuit 3, 4, LB,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14. This closure energizes magnet 7, which, in the
present case, is supposed to operate a type-wheel in a recorder, but which may
operate a numbered disc in an annunciator or indicator, or any other suitable
receiving device. At the same time magnet 9 pulls down the detent 21 allowing
the motor to operate. At the same time, also, magnet 13. attracts its armature,
raising arm 11 breaking the circuit at 10, allowing the armatures of magnets 7
and 13 to move back to their original positions. As soon as this arm is raised
the weight pulls it against the stop 33. When the line circuit is re-established by
the spring passing off the first insulating space of the signal wheel the relay
armature is again attracted. The movement of the armature 26 allows arm 11 to
again come into working contact with screw 23, whereupon said screw begins to
carry the arm along toward contact 10¹, but before said contact is made the local
circuit is opened at the relay so that magnets 7 and 13 will not be again energized
until the transmitter closes the circuit at the relay. The mechanism is so adjusted
that arm 11 will not travel off of the contact on which it rests during the interval
between two of the quickly-succeeding breaks and makes of the transmitter, hence
when the second break occurs and the relay is closed, contact 11 is still resting
on contact 10, and consequently magnets 7, 9, and 13 will be again energized,
magnet 7, moving the type-wheel, or the other device, a second space, magnet 9
accomplishing nothing, since its armature is already attracted, and magnet 13 again
raising arm 11, allowing it to return against stop 33. Then when the circuit is
opened at the relay the screw again carries arm 11 forward as before described. In
the example supposed a comparatively long interval succeeds before another break
and make at the transmitter. This interval is sufficient to allow arm 11, to move
into line with the contact 10. The circuit is then broken; the relay closes the
local circuit as follows; 3, 4, L B, 5, 6, 71, wire 8', to contact 10¹, and thence back
to the other side of the relay, as before described. This closure advances the
second type-wheel one space. It also raises arm 11, which is pulled back by the
retracting weight, this time against the first stop 32, instead of against stop 33,
since arm 11 has had time to move along onto 10'. Next follows a long space before
succeeding breaks and makes of the circuit by the transmitter.
This allows the screw to carry arm 11 along into line with contact 10", conse-

page_text: quently when the next break and make occurs at the transmitter it will close the
relay circuit as follows; 3, 4, L B, 5, 6, 7, 81, to contact 10", and back to the
relay.
This moves the third type-wheel one space and raises arm 11 from the screw
allowing it to move back against the second stop 32. Then follows another break
and make at the transmitter, moving the same type-wheel a second space. The
type-wheels having thus been arranged to indicate the desired signal the trans-
mitter ceases to operate, and arm 11. is moved along by the screw into line with
the final contacts 15 and electrically connects the same. This closes the following
circuit; battery L. B, wire 18, magnet 19, lower contact 15, upper contact 15,
wire 16, magnet 17, back to the battery. This energizes magnet 17, which, in
the present instance, is supposed to be the printing magnet of the recorder.
also energizes magnet 19, moving its detent armature back into the position
shown in Figure 28 thereby stopping the motor 21. Before this occurs, how-
ever, the pin 35 on plate 34 is brought in its revolution with the screw under
the arm 11, raising the arm above the lower end of the inclined portion 31 of the
track 30. Arm 11 is notched on one side so that the pin 35 shall not strike
the arm in its downward motion, but shall be allowed to revolve. and come
against the arm on the opposite side of the screw.
Figure 31 shows the final feature of this protective and signal system.
It
1, is a steam engine or other motor which is supposed to drive several dynamos 2, 2¹,
and 21.
It is deemed unnecessary to illustrate in detail the belt or other driving connec-
tion between the engine and said dynamos. 3 is a steam, hydraulic or other device
for stopping or controlling the engine. 4 is a valve mechanism like or similar to
that shown in Figure 1 for controlling said device, and 5 is a magnet for controlling
the valve. The parts 3, 4, 5 are of well known construction and are not illustrated
in detail in this case. The magnet 5 is in a circuit 6 containing a battery and
several thermostatic circuit controllers 7.
The circuit is normally open and is closed by the operation of any one of the
thermostats, as indicated at the first thermostat at the left. This circuit
preferably extends along the ceiling of the room in which the dynamos are situated.
From each dynamo branches 8 extend to the main circuit 9.
In the branches are located fusible or other cut-outs 10. This is to guard against
accidental breakage or imperfection in any single fuse.
Adjacent to these cut outs are placed other fusible wires or strips or similar
circuit controllers 10' in a local circuit or branch including a magnet which controls
a device for stopping the flow of current to any particular cut out, when said cut-
out is burned or otherwise operated.
Three different means are shown for accomplishing this result. At dynamo 2
the local circuit includes a magnet 11 which normally holds its armature attracted,
thus preventing weight 12 from turning the disc to which it is connected. A cord
or other connection extends from the disc to an extension of a commutator brush,
substantially as indicated in the drawing. In the same local circuit is a magnet 13
which normally holds the circuit 14 open. This circuit includes a controlling
magnet 15 for the valve mechanism 16 in the water pipe 17.
At dynamo 2' the local circuit includes a magnet 11 which controls the weight 12
in the same manner as at dynamo 2, but the weight in this latter case controls a
belt-shipper 18 or other device for stopping the dynamo. The valve controlling
mechanism is the same in this case as that above described.
At station 2 the local circuit consists of a multiple-arc branch from the branches 8;
in this case the magnet 11 controls the weight 12, which, when released, retracts
the switch 19 thus entirely breaking one of said branches 8 between the commutator
brush and the fusible cut-out.
It is evident that this switch might be arranged to break both branches if desired.
20 is an alarm circuit containing thermostatic circuit controllers 21 placed adjacent
to the cut-outs 10, 101, this circuit includes an alarm or signal apparatus which in

page_text: this case is shown as an annunciator 22, which is supposed to close the local circuit 23
ringing a gong.
The operation of the system above explained is as follows: Presuming that
the engine or motor is in operation and the several dynamos being driven thereby,
suppose that from any cause the cut-out in a branch 8, say the first branch at the
left, is burned out or operated, and that an arc is formed at that cut-out. It is
desirable that the arc should be immediately extinguished and the circuit again put
in operative condition, but owing to the fact that a condition of high potential exists
in the circuit it is dangerous for an attendant to handle the wire. By my arrange-
ment however the heat of the arc immediately operates the circuit controller 10¹
in the local circuit.
This results in de-energizing magnet 11 thereby allowing weight 12 to descend
and raising the commutator brush entirely off from the commutator cylinder, and
absolutely stopping all flow of current to the cut-out and to the line. It is
evident that by a very simple change of apparatus both commutator brushes
could be raised from the cylinder instead of one as shown. At the same time
magnet 13 is de-energized its armature falls back closing the circuit 14, when
magnet 15. attracts its armature and the valve in pipe 17. is opened admitting
water to the sprinkler which immediately extinguishes any small flame which
may have been kindled by the arc. The valve will then be closed by an
attendant, and the wires can be handled with perfect safety to restore the circuit
to operative condition. The thermostat 21 will close the circuit 20, giving an
alarm, practically at the same time that the cut-outs operate.
It will be seen that by the system which has been described all dynamos except
the one connected to the cut-out which is burned out, will continue to deliver
current, to the main circuit while said last mentioned dynamo is put in such con-
dition that it cannot deliver current either to the cut-out or to the line.
The operation of dynamo 21 is the same as that previously described for
dynamo 2, except that when the magnet 11 is de-energized the weight 12 shifts the
belt from a fast to a loose pulley and the dynamo is at once stopped.
At dynamo 2 when the cut-out 10 is operated the current in the local circuit,
that is the multiple arc branch including magnet 11 is so much reduced that the
said magnet releases its armature and allows the weight 12 to descend, opening the
circuit at switch 19.
Should the sprinkler in branch 17 fail in any instance to extinguish the fire
caused by the burning out of the fuse, and a general fire result, the thermostats 7.
will close the circuit 6, and stop the engine 1, thereby of course stopping all the
dynamos, and putting all the circuit wires connected thereto in such condition that
they will not be dangerous to firemen and other persons.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination, in a register, of time mechanism moving type-wheels, an
independent type wheel and a magnet for moving it forward, as set forth.
2. The combination with a time register, of individual signal transmitters con-
nected in circuit with its operating magnet or magnets, as set forth.
3. The combination of a signal transmitter arranged so as to break and make a
circuit to transmit successive electrical impulses corresponding to the number of
the box, of a register having time mechanism, type wheels controlled thereby,
printing mechanism, and an operating magnet for the printing mechanism, and in
circuit with the transmitter, as set forth.
4. The combination with the circuit breaker for giving the numerical signal, of
an additional circuit controller normally open at the box controlling the circuit of
other electrical apparatus, as set forth.
5. An individual signal box, a signal receiver, and a controller for the engine
arranged and operating as set forth.

page_text: 6. The combination of the time register, the signal boxes, a circuit for operating
the time register, another circuit controlling fire extinguishing apparatus, and a
circuit controller at each box for the last named circuit, as set forth.
7. The system and apparatus arranged and constructed to operate as indicated
in Figures 1 to 8 of the drawing.
8. A time register or recorder having time printing type wheels controlled by a
clock movement, printing mechanism, a magnet, a number printing type wheel and
an independent magnet controlling the same, as set forth.
9. A register printing the time and a box number in a single line, as set forth.
10. The type wheels, means for advancing them, and means for returning them
to zero, as set forth.
11. The combination with the register having time printing type-wheels, printing
mechanism, a magnet therefor, a number printing type-wheel, an independent
magnet controlling the same, of a transmitter affecting successively the circuits of
the type wheel magnet and the printing magnet as set forth.
12. The transmitter constructed as shown in Figures 9. 10 and 11 of the
drawing.
13. The register constructed as described in connection with Figures 12, 13, 14
and 15 of the drawing.
14. In a time register the printing mechanism, paper feeding mechanism, and ink
ribbon feed, as set forth.
15. In a register, type wheels, means for moving said wheels forward and a
retarded device for returning the wheels to zero as set forth.
16. The improved register constructed as described in connection with Figures 17,
18, and 19 of the drawing.
17. The combination with the register of the thermostatic circuit controller and
the sprinkler circuit controller, as set forth.
18. The duplex transmitter and non-interfering apparatus as described.
19. In combination with the duplex transmitter a second transmitter in a fire
alarm circuit, as set forth.
20. The register in series with the disc receiver, and with suitable transmitters as
set forth.
21. The disc receiver constructed substantially as described.
22. The disc receiver in combination with the non interfering transmitters as set
forth.
23. The register or other device having several operating magnets, in combination
with a signal line and an automatic distributor as set forth.
24. The automatic distributor or switch constructed as described.
25. In a protective and signal system, an engine or motor, dynamos driven
thereby, cut-outs in the dynamo circuits, and devices for stopping flow of current
from the dynamos, as set forth.
26. The system and apparatus arranged and operating as shown in 31.
Dated December 30th 1890.
Dated December 30th 1890.
B. J. B. MILLS.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.