IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR UNITING PAPER AND WOVEN FABRIO IN CONTINUOUS LENGTHS, AND IN CUTTING UP SUCH LENGTHS INTO SHEETS."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard John Edwards and Archer Edwards, both of
Shoreditch, in the County of Middlesex, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR UNITING PAPER AND WOVEN FABRIO IN
CONTINUOUS LENGTHS, AND IN CUTTING UP SUCH LENGTHS INTO SHEETS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard John Edwards and
Archer Edwards at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st
June 1880.
RICHARD JOHN EDWARDS and ARCHER EDWARDS, both of Shoreditch, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
UNITING PAPER AND WOVEN FABRIC IN CONTINUOUS LENGTHS, AND IN CUTTING
UP SUCH LENGTHS INTO SHEETS."
Our Invention relates, firstly, to machinery or apparatus used for the purpose of
uniting a continuous sheet of paper to a corresponding continuous sheet of cotton
or linen cloth or other woven fabric, and it is especially applicable to sheets of
paper and cloth so united, which are to be used in the manufacture of emery cloth,
glass cloth, or other flexible sheets of abrasive material.
We make a longitudinal framework of metal, wood, or other suitable material of
sufficient length for the purpose hereinafter described, and having a width between
its sides somewhat greater than that of the materials which are to be treated. At
one end of this framework near its lower part we arrange bearings supporting a
transverse roller or drum which carries a roll of paper of any convenient length,
and in the same part of the frame we arrange another transverse roller having its
periphery covered with cloth or other soft material, and revolving in bearings in a
trough or vessel containing a sufficient quantity of liquid paste or other suitablo
glutinous material into which the lower part of the roller dips. The sheet of paper
is conducted from its roller over the surface of this paste roller against which it
presses, and thence under a transverse adjustable guide rail or bar. Near this
transverse guide rail we arrange upon or attach to the framework two transverse

page_text: rollers, preferably of cast iron geared together with toothed wheels, and the
peripheries of which are smooth and are pressed against each other by ono or more
adjustable springs, screws, or weights, and we arrange upon tho axis of one of these
rollers a driving pulley or toothed wheel by which the rollers can be made to
revolve by steam or other convenient power at any desired speed.
At a convenient position below the transverse guide rail already described we
arrange a second roller or drum supported in bearings, and carrying a roll of cloth
or other textile material which it is desired to unite to the paper, and we lead the
end of this cloth between a series of moveable and adjustable transverse bars,
preferably of wood, by which all wrinkles and creases are removed from it, and
bringing its upper surfaco into contact with the lower or pasted side of the paper,
wo pass both together between the rollers, the pressure of which draws them
forward and causes them to adhere firmly together.
Above the pasting roller first described we arrange a second similar roller
revolving in a second trough or vessel of paste, and another roller or drum carrying
a second length of paper, the lower surface of which having passed over its pasting
roller passes back round an independent transverse roller, and is then led forward
with its pasted surface uppermost over a second transverse adjustable guide rail,
and it is then applied to the surface of a second length of cloth which is brought
from a roller or drum, and between a series of moveable and adjustable transverse
bars similar to those already described.
The paper and cloth thus brought together are led above those first described
between the pressure rollers, and in this way two continuous lengths of the
compound material are made simultaneously.
We cause the paste rollers to revolve in the required direction by means of
endless bands or cords and pullies driven by a corresponding pulley upon the axle
of one of the pressure rollers, and wo fill the troughs or vessels with pasto as
required from a supply cistern above by means of pipes, preferably of flexible
material, and the paste rollers themselves are provided with adjustable scrapers and
pressure plates by which the surplus paste is removed, and the paper is pressed
upon their surface. The several drums or rollers which carry the rolls of paper
and cloth are provided with adjustable friction blocks by which they are prevented
from turning too readily. One or both of the pressure rollers may be made hollow,
and steam or hot air admitted to them.
In order to dry and finish the compound material after it leaves the pressure
rollers, we arrange on the other side of the said rollers a hollow drying box over
which the material passes in the following way:-The drying box is of considerable
length and is made of sheet metal or other suitable material, its transverse width
being somewhat greater than that of the paper and cloth, its upper and under
surfaces being curved upward and downward respectively in the direction of their
length, whilst their ends are united together. This box is supported by the frame
of the machine, and is provided with a pipe by which it can be heated by steam or
hot air. The upper compound length of paper and cloth which passes from the
pressure rollers is led under a transverse bar or roller, and thence is drawn slowly
over the upper curved surface of the box, at the end of which it passes under
another transverse bar or roller, and the under compound length is at the same
time drawn over the lower surface of the box, and over a transverse bar or roller
at its outer end. The two compound lengths may then if required be conducted in
the same way over and under a second similar drying box, and when sufficiently
dry the upper length is wound round a transverse drum arranged in bearings above
it, whilst the lower length is wound round a corresponding drum arranged in
bearings below it.
In order to wind the lengths so completed uniformly upon these drums we drive
each of the latter by means of a pulley and cords or chains actuated from the
driving shaft of the machine, a friction disc of cloth or other suitable material being
interposed between the drum and the pulley driving it, which can bo pressed

page_text: together with any desired pressure by means of a screw and nut, so that when the
length of cloth and paper is stretched sufficiently tight the pulley slips without
causing the drum to revolve. Where instead of a sheet of cloth it is desired to use
a series of strips or tapes arranged side by side we arrange each tape upon a
separate reel, and we bring them together over a flat surface, their positions being
regulated by pins in the latter.
For the purpose of cutting up into rectangular sheets continuous lengths of paper
or paper and cloth, either plain or coated with abrasive powder or other material,
we prefer to use a machine or apparatus constructed as follows:-We take a
framework of iron, wood, or other suitable material, at the upper part of which at
one end we arrange a roller, partly round and under which the length of material
which is to be cut up into sheets is passed, and is then fed forward over the
horizontal surface of a table of suitable size. Transversely across this table we
arrange a shaft revolving in bearings, and having fixed upon it at or near its centre
a circular steel cutting blade, the lower edge of which passes through an opening
in the surface of the table, and works against the side of a corresponding disc of
suitable material upon a corresponding parallel shaft beneath the table, the disc
being pressed against the blade by a spring or screw upon its shaft, and in this way
the blade is kept sharp.
By this means, as the sheet of material is fed forward along the table, it is cut or
alit down the middle.
In advance of the cutting apparatus described we arrange another transverse
shaft, carrying discs or rollers, which press upon the surface of the sheet, and against
a lower corresponding parallel roller, and carry the sheet forward, and at a distance
in advance of this shaft we arrange a transverso rail or stop, against which the
leading edge of the material becomes pressed as it is fed forward; and underneath,
but at the same level as the table, we arrange a hinged flap or board, which when
raised supports the sheets of material as they are fed forward against the rail or
stop, but when allowed to fall discharges any sheets of material resting upon it
into a shoot, whence they are conveyed away. Transversely across the table, at a
distance back from the rail or stop equal to the length of the sheets which are to
be cut, we make a narrow transverse slit across the table, into which descends the
point of a double-edged blade, fitted into a travelling carriage or slide, which
traverses backward and forward in guides across the table when required above the
sheets of material.
Upon the transverse shaft which carries the discs or rollers already described, we
make or fix an arm or lover which, as the shaft revolves, strikes alternately one or
other of two levers turning upon centres, or of two sliding pieces travelling in
straight or curved guides, the levers or sliding pieces having attached to them the
ends of cords, the other ends of which, after passing round suitable pullies, are
attached to the travelling carriage which carries the knife blade. When, therefore,
the shaft is made to revolve, the arm upon it strikes the levers or sliding pieces
alternately, and causes the knife blade to travel backward and forward at intervals
across the table, and so to cut the sheet of material into transverse sheets at
intervals.
The apparatus is adjusted so that the knife blade cuts the sheet across
immediately after the leading edge of the latter has been fed forward against the
rail or stop, and immediately afterwards a cam upon the revolving shaft releases a
lever, which holds up the hinged board, as already described, and the latter falls
together with the cut sheets upon it, and discharges the latter into a shoot or upon
a table.
The fall of the sheets with the hinged board is secured by hinged bars of
Bufficient weight which rest upon the upper surface of the cut sheets and force them
down when the hinged board falls.
Instead of a double-edged cutting blade, as described, we sometimes use a circular
blade fitted upon a revolving axis in the travelling carriage, such axis being

page_text: provided with a toothed pinion gearing into a corresponding toothed rack, formed
upon or attached to the transverse guide in which the carriage travels, so that the
cutting blade is made to revolve at each stroke.
Whilst the edge of the material is being pressed against the rail or stop, the
feeding rollers or discs behind continue to feed forward the material, which rises or
curves upwards until the sheets in front are cut off and removed, when it falls flat,
and is in its turn pressed against the rail or stop. Or, the feeding rollers or discs
may be provided with adjustable friction gear similar to that before described, and
arranged so that when the sheet is pressed against the stop the shaft continues to
revolve without driving the discs or rollers.
Or, the feeding rollers may be used covered with felt, cloth, or other sufficiently
soft material, between which the sheet is fed forward, and we arrange a transverse
pressure bar made to rise and fall at proper intervals by means of one or more
cams, and adjusted so that whilst the cutting knife is traversing across the sheet
the bar is depressed and holds the latter firmly in its place. The lower feeding
roller may be made capable of vertical movement, and pressed upward by a spring
or weight, a lever or handle being provided by which it can be lowered when
desired for the purpose of stopping the feed forward of the sheet.
The several shafts described may be geared together and driven by hand, or by
steam, or other convenient power.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuauce of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Richard John Edwards & Archer Edwards in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 21st December 1880.
RICHARD JOHN EDWARDS and ARCHER EDWARDS, both of Shoreditch, in the
3 County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
UNITING PAPER AND WOVEN FABRIC IN CONTINUOUS LENGTHS, AND IN CUTTING
UP SUCH LENGTHS INTO SHEETS."
Our Invention relates, firstly, to machinery or apparatus used for the purpose of
uniting a continuous sheet of paper of as great a length as convenient to a
corresponding continuous sheet of cotton or linen cloth or other woven fabric. It
is especially applicable to sheets of paper and cloth, which when so united are to
be used in the manufacture of emery cloth, glass cloth, or other flexible sheets of
abrasive material. In order to put our Invention in operation we make a longi-
tudinal framework of metal, wood, or other suitable material of sufficient length
for the purpose hereinafter described, and having a width between its sides
somewhat greater than the width of the materials which are to be treated. At
one end of this framework near its lower part we arrange bearings, which support
a transverse roller or drum which carries a roll of paper of tho desired width and
of any convenient length, and near the same part of the framework we arrange a
second transverse roller having its periphery covered with cloth or other sufficiently
soft material, and revolving in bearings in a trough or vessel containing a sufficient
quantity of liquid pasto or other suitable glutinous material, into which the lower
part of the roller dips.
The end of the length of paper is conducted from the roller upon which it is
carried over the surface of the paste roller last described, against which it presses,
and thence it passes under an adjustable transverso rail or bar, by which any
creases are removed from the paper. Near this transverse bar we arrange upon or
attach to the frame or to a suitable separate frame two transverse rollers, preferably
of cast iron, geared together with toothed wheels, and having their peripheries
made as true and smooth as possible. These two rollers are pressed together by
adjustable screws, springs, or weights, and upon the axis of one of them we fit a
driving pulley or toothed wheel, by which the rollers can be made to revolve by
steam or other convenient power at any desired speed. At any convenient position
below the transverse bar already described we arrange a second roller or drum
supported in suitable bearings, and carrying a roll of cloth or other textile material
which it is desired to unite to the paper, and we conduct the end of this cloth
backward and forward between a series of moveable and adjustable transverse bars,
preferably of wood, by which all wrinkles and creases are removed from the cloth
as it passes between them, and we then bring its upper surface into contact with
the lower or pasted side of the paper, and pass both together between the rollers,
the pressure of which forces them together, causing them to adhere firmly, whilst
they are at the same time drawn forward as the rollers revolve.
Above the pasting roller first described we arrange a second similar roller
revolving in a second trough or vessel containing paste or other suitablo glutinous
material, and a second roller or drum carrying a second length of paper, the lower
surface of which having passed over the surface of its pasting roller passes back
round an independent transverse roller, and is then brought forward with its
pasted side uppermost, and is passed over a second adjustable transverse bar or
rail, and it is applied to the surface of a second length of cloth or woven fabric,
which is brought from a roller or drum and backward and forward between a series
of moveable and adjustable transverse bars similar to those already described.
The paper and cloth thus brought together are led above those first described
between the pressure rollers, and in this way two continuous lengths of the
compound material are manufactured in the apparatus simultaneously.

page_text: .
We causo the pasting rollers to revolve in the required direction by means of
endless bands or cords and pullies driven by one or more corresponding pullies
upon the axle of the pressure rollers, and we fill the troughs or vessels with paste
or other adhesive material as required from a supply cistern above by means of
pipes, preferably of flexible material. The pasto rollers themselves are provided
with adjustable scrapers and pressure plates, by which the surplus pasto is removed,
and the paper is pressed upon their surface. We provide the several rollers or
drums which carry the rolls of paper and cloth with adjustable friction blocks, by
which they are prevented from turning too readily. One or both of the pressure
rollers described may be made hollow, so that steam or hot air can be admitted to 1
their interior. In order to dry and finish the compound materials made as described
after it leaves the pressure rollers, we arrange on the other or outer side of the said
'rollers a hollow drying box, over which the material is made to pass in the
following way: The hollow drying box is of considerable length, and is mado of
sheet metal or other suitable material, its transverso width being somewhat greater
than that of the united paper and cloth, and its upper and under surfaces being
curved upward and downward respectively in the direction of their length, whilst
its ends meet and are united together. This drying box is supported by the frame
of the machine, and is provided with a pipe, by which steam or hot air can be
admitted for the purpose of heating it. The upper one of the two compound
lengths of united paper and cloth which pass from the pressure rollers is led under
a transverse bar or roller, and thence is drawn over the upper curved surface of
the drying box, at the outer end of which it passes under another transverse bar
or roller, and the under one of the two compound lengths is at the same time
drawn along the lower surface of the drying box and over a transverse bar at its
outer end.
The two compound lengths may then, if required, be made to pass in the same
way over one or more additional similar drying boxes, and when they have been
in this way sufficiently dried the upper compound length is wound round a
transverse drum or roller arranged in bearings above it, whilst the lower compound
length is similarly wound round a corresponding drum or roller arranged in
bearings below it. In order to draw forward the compound lengths of paper and
cloth, as described, and wind them uniformly upon the last described drums or
rollers, we cause each of the latter to revolve by means of a pulley and cords or
endless chains, or a revolving shaft fitted with suitable toothed wheels, actuated
from the driving shaft of the machine, a friction disc of cloth or other suitable
material being interposed between the drum and the pulley which drives it, which
can be pressed together with any desired force by means of a screw and nut, so
that when the length of paper and cloth is stretched sufliciently tightly the pulley
slips without causing the drum to revolve. In the accompanying Drawings, which
are in illustration of our Invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation, and Figure 2 is a
plan of a machine constructed according to this part of our Invention for the
purpose described. a is a longitudinal framework, at one end of which are arranged
bearings supporting the transverse roller or drum b carrying a roll of paper, and
near the roller b is arranged the roller c having its periphery conted with cloth,
felt, or other soft material, and revolving in bearings in the trough or vessel d
containing paste, into which the lower part of the roller c dips. The paper is
conducted from the rollers over the roller c, upon which it is pressed and becomes
coated with paste, and thence under the rail or bar c. It thence passes between the
pressure rollers f, f', which are geared together and made to revolve by means of
toothed wheels or driving pulleys, as shewn at g, in Figure 2.
Below the rail e is arranged the second roller or drum h supported in bearings
and carrying a roll of cloth, the end of which is led backward and forward
between the transverse bars i, i, i, and its upper surface is then brought into contact
with the paper, and both are passed together between the rollers f,f¹, the pressuro
of which draws them forward and causes them to adhere firmly together.
second pasting roller revolving in a vessel of paste 1, and another drum at m carries
kis a

page_text: a second roll of paper, the lower surface of which passes over the pasting roller k,
and thence is led back and round the roller n, from which it passes forward over
the bar or rail o, and its upper pasted surface is then applied to the surface of a
second length of cloth, which is brought from the drum or roller h¹, and thence
backward and forward between the moveable adjustable transverse bars i', ', i.
The paper and cloth thus brought together are passed, above those first described,
between the rollers f, f', and in this way two continuous lengths of the compound
material are made simultaneously. The pasting rollers c and k are made to revolve
by means of pullies and endless bands or cords p, p, p, and the troughs or vessels d
and are replenished with paste as required from the supply cistern 7. The pasting
rollers are provided with adjustable scrapers and pressure plates, by which any
surplus pasto is removed, and the paper is pressed upon the rollers, as shewn on a
larger scale in Figures 3 and 4. In Figure 3 a is the roller dipping into the paste
vessel b, which is provided with the transverse bar c, the lower edge of which is
fitted with a scraper d, which can be adjusted by a screw e at each end tightening
it up against an india rubber or other soft support f.
In Figures 3 and 4 g is a transverse bar carried by hinged levers h, and having
the strip i fixed to its lower edge. This strip is held down upon the paper
which passes over the roller by moveable catches or fastenings at k, Figure 3.
The axles of the several drums or rollers b, h, k, and m, which carry the rolls of
paper and cloth, are provided with adjustable friction blocks as shewn, by which
they are prevented from revolving too rapidly. s is a hollow drying box constructed
of thin sheet metal or other suitable material, its upper and under surfaces being
The upper
curved as shewn, and the box being supported by the frame a.
compound length of paper and cloth is led from the rollers f.f', under the bar or
roller t, and thence over the upper curved surface of the box 8, at the outer end of
which it passes under the bar or roller t, and the lower length of the compound
materials is at the same time drawn over the lower surface of the drying box s
and over the transverse bar or roller t¹¹ at its outer end; 8¹ is a second similar
drying box over and under which the two compound lengths may be drawn after
leaving the box 8, and when they are thus sufficiently dried the upper length is
wound round the transverse drum arranged above at u, whilst the lower longth is
wound round the corresponding drum u' arranged below. The drums u, u³, are
shewn driven by means of pullies and cords or chains actuated by the driving
shaft of the machine, as shewn at v, discs of cloth or other suitable material being
interposed between metal .discs upon the drums u, u³, and corresponding metal
discs upon the pullies which drive them, the discs being capable of being pressed
together with any desired force by the screws to, w, so that when the lengths of
united paper and cloth are stretched sufficiently tightly the pollies slip without
causing the drums u, u³, to revolve. We sometimes pass the lengths of compound
material, after they leave the drying boxes, over revolving drums, by which they
are drawn forward, and thence we make them pass backward and forward between
moveable adjustable bars similar to those already described, by which they are
guided and straightened. They are then drawn forward between revolving steel
discs adjusted at the proper distance apart, by which their edges are cut straight,
and thence they pass between smooth rollers pressed forcibly together, by which
their surface is finished, and finally they pass to drums or rollers, upon which they
are wound as in the arrangement first described. Where, instead of a continuous
sheet of cloth, it is desired to use a series of strips or tapes, wo arrange the strips
or tapes side by side, each upon a separate reel, as shown in Figures 6 and 6, at
a, a, a, &c., their ends being drawn over a flat surface at b, and their proper
positions being adjusted by guiding pins in the latter at c, the tapes or strips being
thus brought into a uniform position parallel to each other before being united with
the paper.
Our Invention consists, secondly, of novel arrangements of machinery or apparatus
for the purpose of cutting up into rectangular sheets continuous lengths of paper or
paper and cloth. either plain or conted with abrasive powder or other material.

page_text: "
In order to put in operation this part of our Invention we take a framework of
iron, wood, or other suitable material, at the upper part of which at one end we
arrange a roller, driven by an endless band or cord, partly round and under which
the length of material which is to be cut up into sheets is passed, and is then fed
forward over the surface of a horizontal table of suitable size, Transversely across
this table we arrange a shaft revolving in bearings, and having fixed upon it at or
near its centre a circular steel cutting blade, the lower end of which passes through
an opening in the surface of the table and works against the side of a corresponding
disc of steel or other suitable material fixed upon a corresponding shaft beneath the
table. We cause the lower disc to bo pressed laterally against the circular blade
by a spring or screw upon the lower shaft, and by this means the edge of the
upper disc is kept sharp. By the arrangement described when the sheet of
material is fed forward along the table it is cut or slit down the middle by the
circular blade when the latter is made to revolve.
In advance of the cutting apparatus just described we arrange above the table
another transverse shaft revolving in bearings, and carrying discs or rollers which
press upon the surface of the sheet and against a lower parallel roller and carry the
sheet forward; and at a distance in advance of this shaft, proportioned to
the size of the sheets which are to be cut, we arrange an adjustable transverse rail
or stop, against which the leading edge of the material becomes pressed as it is fed
forward, and underneath, but at the same level as the table, we arrange a hinged
flap or board which when raised forms a part of the table and supports the sheets
of material as they are fed forward against the rail or stop, but when allowed to
fall discharges any sheets of material which may be resting upon it into a shoot
whence they are conveyed away,
Transversely across the table at a distance back from the rail or stop equal
to the length of the sheets which are to be cut, we make a narrow transverse
slit across the table into which descends the point of a double edged blade fitted
into a travelling carriage or slide which is capable of traversing backward and
forward in guides across the table above the sheets of material.
In order to actuate the blade we make or fix upon the transverse shaft which
carries the discs or rollers already described an arm or lever which, as the shaft
rovolves, strikes alternately one or other of two levers, turning upon centres, or of
two sliding pieces travelling in straight or curved guides, the position of which is
properly adjusted, the levers or sliding pieces having attached to them the ends of
floxible cords, the other ends of which, after passing round suitable pullies, aro
attached to the travelling carriage or slide which carries the knife blade. When
therefore the shaft is made to revolve, the arm upon it strikes each of the levers or
sliding pieces alternately, and this causes the double edged knife blade to travel
backward and forward across the table at intervals, and so to cut the material
which has been slit down its centro as already described into transverse sheets at
similar intervals.
The catches upon the sliding pieces or the part actuated by the lever are hinged.
or otherwise arranged so that they pass clear of the lever during their return or
alternate stroko. We adjust the apparatus so that tho knife blade cuts tho sheet
across immediately after the leading edge of the latter has been fed forward against
the adjustable transverse rail or stop, and immediately after such transverse cut
has been made a cam upon the revolving shaft releases a lever which holds up tho
hinged board already described, and the latter falls together with the cut sheets
upon it and discharges the latter into a delivery shoot or upon a table.
The fall of the cut sheets together with the hinged board is secured by means of
hinged bars of sufficient weight which rest upon the upper surface of the cut sheets,
and when the hinged board falls force them down with the latter. Figures 7 and 8 aro
in illustration of this part of our Invention, Figure 7 being a side view, and Figure 8
a plan of the machine just described. a is the frame of the machine, at the upper
part of which at one end is the roller driven by an endless band, round and under
which the material is supplied and drawn forward from a drum, as shown at c, or in

page_text: other convenient position over the surface of the table d. Transversly across the
tablod is arranged the shaft e revolving in bearings ƒ ƒ, and having fixed upon it
the circular steel cutting blade g, the lower edge of which passes through
an opening in the table d and works against the side of the corresponding
revolving disc upon a parallel shaft beneath the table. The shaft g is shewn
made to revolve by toothed wheels from the driving shaft g', and as the sheet
of material is fed forward by the roller 6 over the table & it is cut or slit down-
the middle by the blado g. Two or more blades may be used, so as to divide
the material into three or more parts. Another transverso revolving shaft
is also shewn driven by toothed wheels from the driving shaft gl, and is fitted with
drums or rollers 1,1,1, which press upon the surface of the sheet and against a lower
parallel roller m, Figure 7, and the sheet is thus carried forward until its front
odgo meets the transverse adjustable rail or stop n. Across the table d is mado.a
narrow slit in which works the point of à doublo edged knife blade fixed into the
travelling carriage or slide o which traverses backward and forward in guides p, p',
above the sheet of material. r is a hinged board or flap turning upon the centre 8,
which when raised supports the sheets of material as they are fed forward against
the stop n, but when allowed to fall discharges any sheets of material resting upon
it into a shoot, whence they are carried away.
Upon the shaft is fixed the arm or lever t, which as the shaft revolves strikes
alternately one or other of the two sliding pieces u, u', which slide upon the
guides v, v, and have attached to them the ends of flexible cords, wires, or chains,
the other ends of which, after passing over pulleys properly arranged, are attached
to the ends of the travelling carriage or slide o which carries the knife blade, which
is accordingly caused to travol at intervals backward and forward across the table
as the shaft revolves. Another method which we sometimes employ to effect the
reciprocating transverse movement of the carriage carrying the knife blade consists
in attaching the ends of the cords, wires, or chains connected to the carriage to
drums, round which they are coiled; and arranging friction discs upon the axes
of these drums in such a manner that one or moro suitably shaped cams upon a
revolving shaft come in contact at intervals with the friction discs, and by causing
them to revolve alternately actuate the sliding carriage backward and forward
alternately.
The apparatus is adjusted so that the knife blade cuts the sheet across immediately
after the latter has been fed forward against tho stop n, and immediately afterwards
4 came upon the shaft releases the lover w which turns upon the centre w', and
which holds up the hinged board r, and the latter falls together with the cut sheets
upon it. The fall of the shoets is ensured by the hinged weighted plates or
bars,, which rest upon the upper surface of the cut sheets and force them
down when the board r falls.
'
Whilst the edge of the material is being pressed forward against the rail or
stop n the feeding rollers behind continue to feed forward the material which-rises
or curves upward until the sheets in front are cut off and removed, when it falls
flat and is in its turn pressed against the rail or stop. Or sometimes we provide the
feeding rollers or discs with adjustable friction gear, similar to that before described,
and arranged so that when the sheet is pressed against tho stop the shaft continues
to revolve without driving the feeding discs or rollers. Or sometimes we use
feeding rollers covered with cloth, felt, or other sufficiently soft material; between
which the sheet of material to be cut is fed forward, and we arrange a transverso
pressure bar which can be made to rise and fall at proper intervals by means of one.
or more cams adjusted so that whilst the knifeblade is traversing across the sheet
the bar is depressed and holds the latter firmly in' its place. The lower feeding
roller, upon which the upper one presses, may be made capable of vertical
movement and pressed upward by a spring, or lever and weight, a lover or handle
being provided by which it can be lowered sufficiently when desired for the purpose
of-stopping the feed-forward-of-the shoot: -The several shafts described may bo
geared together and driven by hand or by steam or other convenient power. Instead

page_text: of a double edged reciprocating cutting blade, as described, we sometimes use a
circular blade fitted upon a revolving axle on the travelling carriago or slide o, such
axis being provided with a toothed pinion gearing into a corresponding toothed
rack formed upon or attached to the transverse guide in which the carriage or slide
travels, so that the cutting blade is made to revolve during each stroke.
We do not confine ourselves to the precise forms and arrangements and relative
dimensions of the parts of the several machines herein before described and shown,
which may be varied to suit varying circumstances, such as the character of tho
material to be treated, but having described our Invention and the manner in
which it is to be performed, we claim,-The machine for uniting paper and cloth,
consisting of the rollers carrying lengths of paper and cloth respectively, in
combination with the pasting apparatus by which the surface of the paper is
pasted; the moveable rails between which the cloth is led; the adjustablo bar
under which the paper is led; the adjustable pressure rollers for uniting the paper
and cloth together; the hollow drying boxes, over the surfaco of which the
combined paper and cloth are drawn; the adjustable bars or rollers, over which the
combined paper and cloth are passed at the ends of the drying boxes, and the
moveable drums or rollers upon which the finished material is wound, substantially
as described and shewn in the Drawing. Also, in combination with such machine,
the pasting roller, provided with adjustable strips for equalizing and applying
paste or other adhesivo imaterial to the surface of the paper. Also, in combination
with such machine, the screws for the purpose of applying friction to the axes of
the rollers or drums upon which the separato paper and cloth are wound. Also, in
combination with such machine, the method of driving the rollers, upon which the
finished fabric is wound by means of adjustable friction discs, which slip when the
tension of the fabric becomes too great. Also, the method of arrangement by which
two compound lengths of paper and cloth are simultaneously united and finished,
all substantially as and for the purposes described and shewn in the Drawing.
Also, the machine for cutting into sheets continuous lengths of flexible material
consisting of the roller round which the material is passed and drawn forward over
a table; the revolving cutting disc, by which it is slit longitudinally; the pressure
rollers, between which it is drawn. forward; the stop, against which its edge is
forced, and the reciprocating carriage, carrying a knife blade and actuated
backward and forward at intervals for the purpose of cutting the material
transversely, substantially as described and shewn in the Drawing. Also, the
method of actuating the reciprocating carriage carrying the transverse cutting
knife by means of flexible cords, chains, or wires, attached to sliding blocks
actuated alternately backward and forward at intervals. Also, the hinged board
or flap supporting tho sheets whilst they are cut transversely, in combination with
the pivotted lover by which the hinged board is held up, and the revolving cam by
which it is released at intervals, substantially as and for the purposo described
and shown in the Drawing. Also, the weighted bars turning upon centres and
forcing down the cut sheets when the hinged board is allowed to fall. Also, the
method of depressing tho lower pressure roller when required, in order to stop the
material from being fed forward, all substantially as and for the purposes described
and shewn in the Drawing.
In witness whereof, we, the said Richard John Edwards and Archer Edwards,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this 21st day of December, in the