Arrangement for Producing "Moire" Effects in Webs.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 31st May, 1899-Accepted, 8th July,
1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Arrangement for Producing "Moire" Effects in Webs.
I, GUSTAV BECKERS, of 78, Uerdinger Strasse, of Crefeld, Province of the
Rhine, German Empire, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement : -
The object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement by means of
which moiré effects can be produced in webs. My invention consists of a reed,
the surface of which is provided in vertical direction with projecting and grooved
portions so that the splits following the one to the other enter freely these pro-
jecting and grooved portions such as to give a relief form to the surface of the
reed.
When now this reed is raised and lowered during the weaving process and
pushes against the thread according to the arrangement of the grooved end of
the projecting portions the thread will be formed so, that, when the finishing is
completed moiré effects will be produced in a predetermined design.
My invention will be the better understood with reference to the accompanying
drawing, in which similar letters denote similar parts throughout the different
views and in which:
Fig. 1 illustrates as an example a front view of a reed having a relief formed
surface,
Fig. 2 illustrates a side view of the same,
Figs. 3, 4 & 5 are sections through the lines M-N, O-P and Q-R of Fig. 1.
Figs. 6, 7 & 8 represent front views of modified forms of execution of a reed.
Figs. 6-8 represent the forms and the lengths of the threads in the modified
forms of execution illustrated in Figs. 6, 7 & 8.
A represents the reed and B the splits, the relief form of which is clearly
shown in Figs. 3, 4 & 5.
Arrangements for producing moiré effects have been known since a long time.
In these arrangements reeds were employed the splits of which partly are straight
and partly are inclined; the splits were disposed so as to form in traverse section
on both edges, where they are fixed to the outer frame of the reed, a serpentine
line.
When the reed pushes against the thread, the projecting portions of the reed
will press strongly the thread against the finished web, whilst the grooved portions
cause the thread to only slightly press against the finished web.
This well known arrangement has proved the drawback that the serpentine form
of the thread becomes less and less during the raising and lowering and after a
certain time the serpentine form becomes clear again. The inevitable con-
sequence of this fact is that the reed pushes unequally.
Further by means of this arrangement only moiré effects can be produced, the
designs of which are parallel to another.
The object of my invention is to do away with all these drawbacks.
In spite of the moiré effects produced by the projecting and grooved portions
being good and all shadow effects being possible, it has been proved advantageously

page_text: for the uniformity of the goods that the lengths of the threads succeeding each
other be the same or about the same in order to prevent an alteration in position
when the thread is stretched.
It is of importance that the projecting and grooved portions do not change
roughly but that the displacement is effected by and by.
Figs. 6, 7 & 8 represent reeds of similar kind, the course of the corresponding
threads indicating the different high positions of the reed.
When the reed (Fig. 6) pushes in height of the line a and consequently the
splits lying upon this line meet the web, they push against it and compress the
thread just woven, into a serpentine formed line a¹ a² a³ a² a³ a³.
After the next shot the reed is somewhat raised and again several shots after-
wards the reed slowly adapts the position b (Fig. 6). The thread thus will form
the serpentine line 11263 + 75 16.
The length of this thread is equal or nearly equal to a¹ a²a³ aaa, there is
only the difference that the projecting and grooved portions are laterally displaced.
In aa and the intermediate chain threads are lying with equal or
about equal length in the same or similar serpentine line.
Evidently the form of the reed may be varied at will. So for instance Figure 7
shows a reed in which the portions for exercising the pressure form serpentine
lines yz, while Figure 7 represents the position and length of the thread
according to Figure 7. Figure 8 represents a reed totally irregular and Figure 8^
the position and length of the thread according to Figure 8.
The mechanism for raising and lowering the reed may be any one.
In the example illustrated in the drawings Figures 1 & 2 show a cam shaft e
located above the reed. This cam shaft raises and lowers the reed and retains it
in any position by means of a toothed wheel & into which engages a pawl e.
Evidently any mechanism may be chosen to effect these movements and it is
also possible to displace the reed automatically upwards or downwards at every
shot.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a reed with relief formed surface for manufacturing webs having a pre-
determined moiré effect, the combination with splits which in side view are of
irregular form, substantially as described.
2. A reed in which projecting and grooved portions are arranged in such manner,
that the surface pushing against the web constantly has the same or about the
same length in all positions of the reed and in which these portions are slowly
displaced laterally, whereby the reed, raised after every shot produces a more or
less strong pressure upon the different parts of every thread of the web, substan-
tially as described.
GEO. H. RAYNER,
37, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for the Applicant.