Improvements in and relating to Mechanism or Means for Driving various parts of Machines used in the Preparation, Spinning and Treatment of Textile Fibres.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 19th July, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 19th Apr., 1900-Accepted, 19th July, 1900
Date of Application, 19th July, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 19th Apr., 1900-Accepted, 19th July, 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Mechanism or Means for Driving
various parts of Machines used in the Preparation, Spinning and
Treatment of Textile Fibres.
I, FREDERICK CHADWICK, of 117, Lomax Street, Wardleworth, Rochdale, in
the County of Lancaster, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
My said invention relates to improvements in mechanism for driving various
parts of machines used in the preparation and spinning of textile fibres and
is particularly applicable for effecting or controlling the driving of the bobbins
in slubbing, intermediate and roving frames and the like.
This
As is well known, such bobbins are driven at a decreased speed-as the bobbin
fills owing to the increasing diameter as each layer of yarn is wound on.
variable driving is generally effected by the movement of a strap or straps on
oppositely arranged cones and through a differential gear or jack" which
imparts motion to the bobbin wheel.
My invention has for its object to greatly simplify and render more efficient
such speed regulating and controlling mechanism.
According to my invention I arrange to obtain a positive regulating and variable
speed for the indicated driving purposes, and to this end, broadly speaking, I
employ an expanding chain or chains arranged on a cone or cones the chain or
cone being shifted laterally and the chains being in connection with pinions
and parts which transmit motion to a differential gear arranged on the driving
shaft.
Under one form of this part of my invention which I at present consider
suitable, I employ a cone formed with a number of V grooves, T slots, or the
like, running lengthways of the cones one or more of the grooves being of a
helical form. Around this cone I arrange two lengths of a suitable description
of chain the ends of the chains, or parts carried thereby, engaging the grooves
or slots, in such a manner as to permit of endwise movement of the cone or
chains. These chains gear with and drive two pinions which run loose on
a boss supported on a bar or the like the pinions carrying pawls or catches
which engage a ratchet or notched wheel fixed on the boss so that when the
cone is driven from the twist wheel or other part the chains impart motion to
the said pinions which in turn révolve the boss as will be well understood.
Upon the said boss I mount a pinion or part which gears with or communi-
cates motion to the differential gear where such is used. When two chains are
arranged around the cone the ends break joint preferably coming together at
diametrically opposite points.
To obtain the necessary variable speed I propose to shift the cone endwise
the chains being held in any suitable manner although I may shift the chains
if thought desirable. In order to ensure that the teeth on the pinions shall
accurately mesh when required with the links of the chains, no matter at what

page_text: diameter the latter lie on the cone or cones, I employ pivotted double
levers or parts each lever being so arranged as to arrest the revolution of its
particular pinion during such time as the opposite arm of the lever occupies
the space existing between the ends of each chain.
By the use of two or more chains arranged to break joint and by locking or
arresting each pinion at intervals I obtain a continuous but variable transmission
of speed from the said cone.
So far as I am aware, the only positive driving at work in the shape of a
cone, is made up of toothed gear which can only rise or fall a tooth at a time,
but by means of my invention I obtain a positive drive in which the speed can
be regulated any fraction of a tooth, so that the utmost nicety and uniformity
is obtained and superior winding ensured.
When used on slubbing and like frames I propose to combine the action of the
cone mechanism with a novel form of differential gear.
=
In constructing such a differential gear I mount upon the driving shaft a
spur pinion of suitable diameter which gears with another spur pinion keyed on
the spindle of a plug or boss mounted in one half of a box cover or shell running
loosely on the said driving shaft. The plug or boss carries a suitable number
of dies, say four, set at regular intervals apart, projections on the said dies engag-
ing four annular grooves formed in another box half or shell running loose on the
driving shaft the four annular grooves being excentrically disposed with regard
to the centre of the shaft. The box half formed with the annular grooves receives
motion from the cone driving mechanism the said motion being transmitted to
the other box half or shell which carries the bobbin wheel.
A great advantage following the use of a differential gear as herein indicated
lies in the fact that the entire power required for driving is taken direct from the
fixed spur leaving only the grooved box half or differential speed portion to be
governed by the cones.
By this means strain is greatly reduced and unnecessary friction avoided so
that better winding results.
I do not confine myself to the combined use of the cone mechanism and
differential gear.
It will be obvious that the subject matter of my invention is not restricted
to use in slubbing, intermediate, and roving frames but is applicable to offer
machines used in the preparation, spinning, and general treatment of textile
fibres.
Improvements in and relating to Mechanism or Means for Driving
various parts of Machines used in the Preparation, Spinning and
Treatment of Textile Fibres.
I, FREDERICK CHADWICK, of 117, Lomax Street, Wardleworth, Rochdale, in
the County of Lancaster, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particu-

page_text: larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accom-
panying drawings:-
-
My said invention relates to improvements in mechanism for driving various
parts of machines used in the preparation and spinning of textile fibres and
is particularly applicable for effecting or controlling the driving of the bobbins
in slubbing, intermediate, and roving frames and the like.
As is well known, in machines of this type-with a bobbin lead-the bobbins
are driven at a decreased speed as they fill, owing to the increasing diameter as
each layer of yarn is wound on. This variable driving is generally effected by
the movement of a strap or straps on oppositely arranged cones and through a
differential gear or jack "which imparts motion to the bobbin wheel.
"
My invention has for its object to simplify and render positive, and conse-
quently more efficient, such speed regulating and controlling mechanism.
According to my invention I arrange to obtain a positive regulating and
variable speed for the indicated driving purposes and to this end, broadly
speaking, I employ one or more expansible chains or circumferential racks
arranged on a cone or cones the chains or racks and the cones being shiftable
relatively to each other and the chains or racks being in connection with pinions
and parts which transmit motion to a differential gear arranged on the driving
shaft.
The differential gear may be of an ordinary or well known type or be of the
special construction hereinafter described and forming part of my invention.
My invention will be clearly understood from the following description when
read in conjunction with the annexed three sheets of illustrative drawings in
which:-
On Sheet. 1.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a portion of the back of a slubbing or like frame
with my improved positive driving mechanism and differential gear applied
thereto, certain of the parts being shown in section and only so much of the
frame indicated as is necessary for a clear comprehension of my invention.
On Sheet 2.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation partly in section of the cone mechanism and parts
together with the differential gear.
Fig. 3 is a front view of Fig. 2 with the differential gear omitted.
On Sheet 3.
Fig. 4 is a front view of a cone fitted with expansible chains or circumferen-
tial racks in accordance with my invention.
Fig. 5 is an end view of Fig. 4.
In carrying my invention into effect I employ a suitably formed cone amounted
on the usual top cone shaft a¹ in such a manner as to permit of the cone having
endwise freedom of movement. In Figs. 2 and 5 the cone is shown provided with
lip feathers or keys which engage with grooves formed in the shaft a¹. The
cone a is cast or formed with a number of slots running lengthways of the
Around the
cone, one or more of the grooves being of a spiral or helical form.
said cone I arrange two lengths of chain such chains being built up from flat
links 1, 2, and cross bars 3, the cross bars passing through the links 2 and
having their ends rivetted up in the links b as clearly shown in Figs. 4, 4ª
and 5. The last links in each length of chain are formed with T shaped exten-
sions which engage the similarly shaped slots in the cone so that the chains
revolve with the cone, the construction however permitting of endwise move-
ment of the cone relatively to the chains or vice versa. When two chains
arranged around the cone, the ends of the lengths break joint, preferably ter-
minating at diametrically opposite points, as shown in Fig. 5. It will be obvious
that owing to the taper of the cone, the links on one side of a chain are deeper than
those on the other side and likewise the links of the chain lying towards the
narrower end of the cone are deeper than the links of the chain lying towards the
are

page_text: broader end of the cone. I do not confine myself to the form of chain herein
indicated as it will be obvious that this may be readily modified in construction.
Instead of T slots, ✓ grooves may be formed in the cone or other means may
be used to effect a sliding connection between the chains and cone.
The cone a, carrying the chains, is driven at a regular speed from the fast
pulley e, mounted on the main driving or jack shaft d, through the usual twist
wheel gear e as clearly shown in Fig. 1. With chains mounted on a revolving
cone as above described, it will be apparent that by shifting the cone relatively
to the chains or by moving the chains on the cone, such chains are caused to
expand or contract so that their circumferential velocity is increased or
diminished to an extent corresponding with the amount of the traverse. These
expanding chains gear with and drive two pinions f which run loose on the
boss of the ratchet wheel j. The two pinions of carry a number of pawls or
catches arranged on studs at intervals around the said pinions of the said
pawls on a forward movement engaging a double ratchet or notched wheel j
running loose on the boss g (see Figs. 3 and 3b) which is slidably supported by
arms or brackets gl carried by the auxiliary shaft 2 the upper ends of the arms
being bolted to discs or brackets secured to the framing A.
By the employment of a large number of pawls or catches any slipping of
the ratchet is rendered impossible.
When the cone is driven from the twist wheel gear or other part the
chains impart motion to the said pinions of which in turn (through the pawls i
and ratchet) revolve the boss as will be well understood. Upon the said
boss I mount a pinion or part k which gears with or communicates motion to
the differential gear, where such is used.
To obtain the necessary variable speed I propose, as before stated, to shift
the cone endwise, although I may shift the chains if thought desirable. The
cone a may be traversed by means of a revolving scroll 7 driven by bevel gear ¹
from the usual "box of tricks" which is placed in front of the frame.
The scroll is coupled to the frame or cradle mn by means of a connecting
rod (see Fig. 1") one end of the rod being jointed to the cradle at whilst the
other end is jointed to a sliding plate o supported in a guide o¹ and having a
pin or bowl o engaging the spiral of the scroll so that as the scroll revolves
the frame or cradle inn and consequently the cone is traversed. The frame
or cradle m n consists of side shrouds m and cross bars n which pass through the
slidable boss supporting the ratchet wheel and pinions f f and through a
slidable boss 71 supported in the upper ends of the arms g. From this con-
struction it will be understood that, as the cone is shifted the bars n raise
and lower the bosses g, p¹, so that the pinions and parts always remain in gear.
To prevent endwise movement of the chains bb I use brackets or discs h which
are suitably formed to permit of endwise movement of the cone. The hand-
wheel is used to return the scroll to its initial starting position. I lay no
claim to the use of a scroll such as for traversing the cone nor do I confine
myself thereto.
In order to ensure that the teeth on the pinions f f shall accurately mesh
when required with the links of the chains or circumferential racks b no matter
at what diameter the latter lie on the cone or cones, I employ bell-crank levers q
pivotted on the boss pl supported by the arms g¹ the levers being so arranged as
that one arm shall arrest the revolution of its particular pinion during such
time as the other arm occupies the space existing between the ends of each
of the chains bb. To effect this I employ springs carried by adjustable
collars the normal tendency of the springs being to press the hooked ends of
the levers into engagement with the teeth of the pinions f f, the action of the
springs however being overcome when the curved ends of the levers q ride on the
top of the links of the chains see Figs. 2 and 4.
By the use of two or more chains arranged to break joint on a cone or cones
and by locking or arresting each pinion at intervals I obtain a continuous

page_text: positive but variable transmission of speed from the said cone or cones. I
might if thought desirable employ two cones, arranged end to end, to carry the
chains, the two cones sliding one within the other.
So far as I am aware, the only positive driving at work in the shape of a
cone, is made up of toothed gear which can only rise or fall a tooth at a time, but
by means of my invention I obtain a positive drive in which the speed can be
regulated any fraction of a tooth, so that the utmost nicety and uniformity is
obtained and superior winding ensured.
When used on slubbing and the like frames I propose to combine the
action of the cone mechanism with the novel form of differential gear indicated
in the drawings.
*
In constructing such differential gear I fix upon the driving shaft da spur
pinion of a suitable diameter which gears with another spur pinion s keyed on
the spindle or stud t¹ of a plug or boss mounted in bearings 2 of a box cover
or shell u running loose on the said driving shaft d. The plug or boss t is pro-
vided with a number of dies v (four being shown in the drawings) set at regular
intervals apart, these dies having spindles which fit in holes drilled in the
plug or boss t. The said dies v are also formed on one face with projections 2,
which engage four annular double grooves w¹ formed in another box half or
shell w running loose on the driving shaft d, the four annular grooves being
excentrically disposed with regard to the centre of the shaft, all as is very clearly
shown in Fig. 2. The box half or shell w formed with the annular grooves re-
ceives motion from the cone driving mechanism through a pinion in gear
with the pinion k see Figs. 1 and 2. The fixed spur is driven at a constant
speed, a variable motion being imparted to the box half to the product of the
two speeds as due to the form of differential gear herein described being
ultimately delivered up to the usual bobbin driving wheel y, all as will be clearly
understood by those acquainted with differential gear of this type. To prevent
the dies falling out when taking the gear to pieces I may use a cover plate w³.
The motion from the bobbin wheel y is communicated to the bobbins in the
ordinary and well known manner.
A great advantage following the use of a differential gear as herein indicated,
lies in the fact that the entire power required for driving is taken direct from
the fixed spur r, leaving only the grooved box half w, or differential speed
portion, to be governed by the cone or cones.
By this means strain is greatly reduced and unnecessary friction avoided so
that better winding results.
The employment of a differential gear such as herein described enable me to
use a comparatively small cone with a comparatively slight taper.
With frames having a "flyer lead," it will be apparent that the cone is so
arranged, as to exercise a reverse action on the chains than is the case when the
bobbin leads.
I do not confine myself to the combined use of the cone mechanism and
differential gear.
It will be obvious that the subject matter of my invention is not restricted
to use in slubbing, intermediate, and roving frames, but is applicable to other
machines used in the preparation, spinning and general treatment of textile
fibres.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1) As a means for obtaining a variable but positive drive for the indicated
purposes the employment of expandable chains or circumferential racks arranged
on a cone or cones the one being traversed relatively to the other so that the
chains or circumferential racks are caused to revolve at varying circumferential
velocities such chains or racks communicating motion to pinions or parts

page_text: arranged in connection therewith in the manner and substantially as herein
described.
2) The improved means for communicating the variable motion from the
expandable chains or racks consisting of pinions having pawls or the like and
working in conjunction with a ratchet or other wheel the pinions being at
times arrested by pivotted levers operated from the expanding chains in the
manner and substantially as herein described and shown.
3) An improved differential gear having a spur pinion fixed on the driving
shaft such spur wheel gearing with a spur pinion fixed on the spindle
of a boss mounted to revolve and provided with dies working in grooves or ways
formed in a disc or box half driven at a variable speed for the purposes and
supbstantially as herein described and shown in Figs. 2 and 4 of the drawings.
4) As a means for positively driving the bobbins or other equivalent parts
in slubbing, intermediate and roving frames and the like at a variable speed
arranging expansible chains or circumferential racks on a cone and shifting
the cone endwise, the chains or racks communicating motion to pinions and
parts which in turn operate one half of a differential gear the fixed spur
in such differential gear effecting the driving from the main shaft and the
cone mechanism governing the other half of the differential gear substantially
as herein described and shown.
5) The general arrangement, construction, and combination of parts, compris-
ing the improved positive cone driving mechanism, and differential gear or jack,
substantially as herein described and shown.
Dated th 101 dow of A 1000
Dated this 19th day of April 1000.
For the Applicant,
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
Chartered Patent Agents,
5, John Dalton Street, Manchester, & 3, Yorkshire Street Rochdale.