Improvements in and connected with Aro Lamps.
Year: 1895

page_text: Improvements in and connected with Aro Lamps.
We, HERMANN NIEWERTHI, Electrician, and REGINA NIEWERTH, no occupation,
both of Speuer Strasse, Berlin, Prussia, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention iclates, firstly to an improved arrangement for the feed of the
carbons; secondly to a means for increasing the lasting of the same.
According to the first part, mounted upon the framework we employ a train of
wheels, the last of which is controlled by one or more clock escapements preferably
a lower and an upper one.
Mounted upon the frame is a magnet with iron core or
Bolenoid, the core being connected to a pivotted lever, one end being connected by
a link to a lower pivotted lever. The other end of the first lever is fitted with a
1oller, round which passes a band or cord, and connected to the lower of the train
of wheels by passing partially round a drum part or otherwise, so that a movement
of the lever will move the wheels the extent allowed by the escapement, say one
tooth. The band is carried down and round a pulley attached to the positive
carbon carrier and back to the other end of the lower pivotted lever When the
current is supplied to the lamp, the shunt current coil will raise the iron core,
moving the two levers, operating the escapement to admit of the movement of the
train of wheels, and bring the carbons together, at which tune the magnet is
practically without current, allowing the carbons to move apart to establish the arc.
The distance of the movement is regulated by the train of wheels controlling the
uppur pivotted lever through the band connection. The above regulating
arrangement refers to shunt current lamps but the same nieans are applicable to
other constructions. If the arc lamp works at low current, say 30 Watt, the light
is unsteady because any change in the strength of the current in the coil or coils of
the regulator causes movement in one or the other direction, which is kept within
bounds only in that direction in which a spring acts, the latter checking all
excessive movement Towards the side on which the movement of the regulating
lever is not checked by the spring the mechanisin, when actuated by the magnet
coil, will move beyond the requisite limit being carried forward by the momentum
of the movement. Although this excess of motion may be but trifling it will yet
cause some irregularity of the light which, where the power 18 small becomes
unpleasantly noticeable. To obviate this difficulty we provide at the side on
which the spring does not act a spiral spring, a balance, weight, or an equivalent
device, which becomes effective when the regulator has obtained its highest point
on this side. Thus the regulating mechanism swings between two electric limits,
which exclude all irregularities.
According to the second part, we surround the positive carbon with a closed
glass cylinder. When the carbon burns the air in cylinder will burn producing
carbonic acid gas, which, on account of its specific gravity, will descend and fill the
whole of the cylinder, so that the carbons burn in carbonic acid gas, which
Increases the life of the carbon. In this improvement, the carriers for the lower
carbon and the uprights for grinding the same are dispensed with, and the shadows
cast thereby obviated. In our.construction the shadows are entirely avoided.
When the durability of the carbons does not require to be increased, the cylinder

page_text: may be replaced by
shadows.
an open carrier of glass; this also frees the lamp from
FREDERIC PRINCE,
Agent for Applicants.
Improvements in ana connected with Aro Lamps,
We, HERMANN NIEWERTH, Electrician, and Regina NIEWERTH, no occupation,
both of Spener Strasse, Berlin, Prussia, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement
-
This invention relates firstly to an improved arrangement for the feed of the
carbous secondly to a means for increasing the lasting of the same.
:
To enable the invention to be properly understood, we will proceed to describe
the same with aid of the accompanying diawings, in which
.
Figure 1 illustrates a side elevation partly in section and partly diagrammatic,
of the first part of our invention.
Figure 2 sectional elevation of the second part of our invention with a
diagrammatic connection with the first part.
According to the first part, in order to give great exactuoss to the regulating
mechanism, we have devised the following means which we will describe with
reference to a shunt current lamp, but the same means are applicable to any other
constructions.
As the shunt circuit coil with an iron core E; B, a pivotted lever connected
to a second lever C, by the link D, which enables the two levers to be controlled
by the magnet and so move together. At the end of the lever B, is a roller F,
round which is coiled a band G, one end of which 13 attached to the roller; the
band passes round and is carried up and fixed to the end of lever C. The spindle
of the roller L supports the carbon carrier G', to which is attached the positive
carbon M. The roller F 18 connected with a train of wheels in such a manner that
the band is unwound when an escapement of the train at N is released. The
negative carbon O is mounted in the usual way. When current is supplied to the
lamp the shunt current coil will raise the iron core and move tho levers, and allow
the release of the escapement at N, so that the two carbons are brought in contact
At this moment the coil A is almost without any current; the carbons then move
apart establishing the arc. The distance between the carbon points is regulated
directly by the interposition of the lever C. The movement of the cham of
gearing, (when the escapement at N' is released), has not the least visible effect
upon the position of the carbons, as its effect is forthwith neutralised again by tho
magnet. The arrangement of maguet A, and of stop mechanism may of course be
varied.
According to the second part, to make the carbons burn longer, we provide
round the low et carbon a glass cylinder a, the positive carbon is tightly inserted at B.
When the carbon burns, the air contained in the cylinder a, will be burnt, and
carbonic acid gas will be produced this carbonic acid gas being of considerable
specific gravity will descend and hually fill the whole cylinder, so that the carbong
burn in carbonic acid gas: by this means considerable inci eased durability 18
obtained. In this improvement the carriers for the lower carbon and the uprights
for guiding the same are dispensed with and the shadows cast thereby obviated.
When the durability of the car bous dues not require to be increased, the cylinder
may be replaced by an open cairici of glass. This also frees the lamp froin
shadows.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. In are lamps, operating the feeding carbon by a band or chain, one end being
connected to a roller, on which it coils, and the other end to a lover or arm con-
trolled by the magnet, the carbon holder being carried by a roller mounted on the
band, so that irregularities caused by the adjustment are at once neutralised by the
effect of the magnet on the other end of the band; all as hereinbefore described
and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
2. A device for increasing the "life" or durability of the pencils, characterised
by causing the carbons to burn in carbonic acid gas in a glass cylinder, or shade
arranged to carry one of the carbons, as described.
3. The combination with device mentioned in Claim 2 of a glass carrier for the
glass cylinder, so as to avoid shadows.
DL: oh Justin 1908
FREDERIC PRINCE,
37 Cursitor Street, London, Agent for Applicants.