IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I STEWART MACFARLANE, residing at 59 School House Street in the City
of Drifton, County of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania in the United States
of America, gentleman do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS" and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Fig 1 shows a vertical axial section of my injector and
Fig. 2 a vertical transverse section of the same on line x-x.
Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of the figures.
The object of my invention is to provide an improved injector and to this end.
It consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of parts as
herein after described and more specifically pointed out in the claims.
In the drawings A designates the casing of my injector preferably made of iron.
As shown this casing consists of the hollow cylindrical part B provided at one end
with a screw threaded portion for coupling and of the enlarged portion C at the
other end of the cylindrical part B.
At the lower side of enlargement C is the tubular extension D screw threaded
at D¹ to enable it to be coupled to a pipe from the water supply.
The internal bore of part C is made larger than that of the cylinder B to form
the water chamber E around the injector proper F to be described.
At its outer and rear end the enlarged part C is suitably threaded to receive a
coupling G for connecting with a steam supply.
The bore within the casing is at this end cylindrical and smaller than the
enlarged bore forming the chamber E but is, as shown larger than the bore of the
cylindrical part B.
When the bore of this part B opens into the chamber the casing is beveled
inward and forward to form the bevel shoulder F.
Such beveling is not necessary for a square shoulder might be formed to serve
the same purpose as this.
"
Fitting within casing A is the brass piece F forming the injector proper This
piece is bored from end to end to form a tubular core as shown.
Its front end H fits the cylindrical bore of the casing as shown. At L it is
formed with a beveled shoulder fitting and bearing against the beveled sides of
the portion F of the bore.
Beyond this part it fits the bore of the cylindrical part B for a short distance is
then a little reduced in size and at its outer and forward end is again enlarged
to fit the casing bore which as shown is slightly contracted there.

page_text: With this construction the brass piece or tubular core F being in one piece can
obviously be readily taken out at the rear side of the casing and replaced as
desired.
The reduction in size of this core from the point g to g¹ within the cylindrical
part B of the casing is not necessary but I prefer to so reduco it.
The extreme rear end of the core F is beveled rearward and inward to fit within
the correspondingly beveled end H of the coupled steam pipe.
When then the pipe is coupled to the injector casing the core is held firmly in
place within the casing but can be removed when the pipe is uncoupled again.
The tubular core F forming the injector proper, is, as shown bored from end to
end in such a manner as to form the steam passage K the combining passage K¹
and the discharge passage at the end of the core.
At the extreme rear end this steam passage is preferably cylindrical for a short
distance at L and then is contracted suddenly at M from which point it gradually
contracts further to the point N. From this latter point it increases in size to the
point O in the rear of the plane of the end of the enlarged part C of casing From
here it contracts and then enlarges again as does the passage in the ordinary
injectors. Extending through the sides of the hollow core from the water
chamber Ę is the series of openings or passages P P As shown these passages
converge forward and enter the main bore or passage K at the enlargement of the
bore at the point O. With this construction if steam should be admitted to flow'
through the passage K water would be drawn inward into such passage through
the openings or passages P P and driven forward as it is drawn in through the
water opening and driven forward in the injectors heretofore in use:
To aid this drawing and forcing action of the steam I make a series of
passages R R from the enlarged portion L of the steam passage, opening at their
forward ends into the water passages P P. As shown these steam passages meet
and open into those for the steam at acute angles so that the steam will strike,
mingle with and drive forward the water into the main passage K where it will be
struck and acted upon by the main body of steam.
As indicated in dotted lines, the injector core F can be made if desired in two
picces screwed together It can be so made to facilitate the boring of the various
passages but I contemplate making it in one piece. In my injector as constructed
there is no adjustment to be made and nothing to get out of order.
As indicated herein before by simply unscrewing the coupling at. the rear end
of the injector the whole brass pieco within can be taken out and replaced In
practice I find that a very small injector made as mine is will do a great deal of
work and that by simply boring the brass core or injector proper to a larger or
smaller diameter, the injector can be adapted for use with almost any number of
boilers or more than eighteen.
If the injector is put up for six boilers it is only necessary to take out one piece
of brass and put in another bored out a little larger to fit the injector for use with
a larger number of boilers.
One of my injectors has been. now for some time working successfully in feeding
eighteen boilers. As the water is allowed to enter the inain passage K in a series
of jets the steam can take hold of it better and more strongly than where it enters
the passage in one stream. The application of a small steam jet to each of the
water passages as shown and described makes a series of injectors discharging a
series of small streams into the passage K in the same or nearly the same direction
in which the main body of steam acts to drive the body of water coming from the
small streams.
my
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. An injector having the series of water passages opening from the water
chamber into the combining passage and the series of steam passages opening into

page_text: the water passages so that the steam from such steam passages will act to force the
water into the combining passage substantially as and for the purpose specified.
2. An injector having a tubular core provided with a combining and a delivery
passage, a water chamber around the core a series of passages in the core extending
from the chamber and opening into the combining passage and a series of steam
passages opening into these water passages at acute angles thereto substantially as
and for the purpose described.
3. An injector provided with a main steam passage and a combining and a
delivery passage, a series of forwardly convergent passages extending from the
water chamber to the combining passage and a series of steam passages extending
from the main steam passage and entering the water passages so that the steam
from them will act on the water to drive it forward into the combining passage
in a series of jets substantially as described.
4. The tubular core provided with the main steam passage the combining passage
and the delivery passage the series of forwardly convergent water passages opening
into the combining passage and the series of steam passages extending forward from
the main steam passage and opening.into the water passages, in combination with
the casing fitting around and enclosing the tubular core provided with the annular
recess adapted to form a water chamber around the core and to be connected with
the water supply chamber substantially as and for the purpose described.
5. The casing formed with the annular enlargement or recess within connected
with the water supply pipe and adapted to form a water chamber around the
tubular injector core when it is in place, in combination with the removable tubular
core fitting in the casing and provided with steam combining and delivery passages
and one or more openings or passages for admitting water from the water chamber
to the combining passage and means for holding the core firmly in place when the
injector is coupled to the steam supply pipe substantially as and for the purpose
described.
Deted this 20th day of Santambor 1884.