Improvements in Incandescent Electric Lamps.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 7th June, 1892-Accepted, 16th July, 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incandescent Electric Lamps.
We, EPHRAIM EBY WEAVER and GUSTAVUS BENSON MANY PENNY, both
citizens of the United States and residing respectively at 1721 Woodstock Street
and 1936 Connecticut Avenue, in the City and County of Philadelphia and State
of Pennsylvania, Electricians, do hereby declare the nature and objects of our
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LAMPS, and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statements :-
Our invention relates in incandescent electric lamps to means for enhancing the
brilliancy and illuminating power and effect thereof beyond the normal candle power
of the same without having to increase the electro motive force of the current
employed for producing the incandescent illumination of the lamps.
The principal object of our invention is to provide a simple, durable and
comparatively inexpensive device or appliance for enhancing the brilliancy or
illuminating power and effect of an incandescent electric lamp beyond the normal
candle power thereof and without increasing the electro-motive force of the current
employed in the line circuit for effecting the incandescent illumination thereof.
Our invention consists of a device or appliance for increasing the illuminating
power or brilliancy of an incandescent electric lamp, comprising a reflecting body
in form irregular, square or elliptical and disposed between or about the filament of
the lamp; and
Our invention further consists of an incandescent electric lamp having a hollow
reflector of irregular, square or elliptical cross-section forming the inner wall of
the vacuum chamber of the lamp and a filament, the two parts of which are
disposed in proximity to the points or ends of the reflector and supported by
electrodes scaled to the socket of the lamp, the construction and arrangement of
the hollow reflector being such that a supply of air is permitted around about
the internal surface, whereby overheating or other damage to the reflecting
body of the lamp is prevented substantially in the manner hereinafter described.
The nature and objects of our invention will be more fully understood from the
following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming
part hereof; and in which
Figure 1, is a vertical central section of an incandescent lamp embodying
features of our invention and showing a body or substance of reflecting material or
matter disposed between or about the filament of the lamp.
Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are horizontal sections, illustrating respectively, the employ-
ment of reflecting substances or materials of irregular, square or elliptical cross-
section.
In the drawings a, is the exterior bulb of the lamp. b, is the body or substance
of reflecting material disposed within the loop of the filament c.
This body or
substance b, may be of curvilinear cross section as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4, or
of rectangular or square cross-section as shown in Fig. 3, or of any other preferred
form or shape of cross-section and may be made of any suitable material that is
provided with a surface that is adapted to reflect light. In the present instance
the body or substance b, is made of glass internally coated with silver and with a
suitable amalgam such as mercury, and this body is in the present instance of the
form of a bulb or cylinder sealed at its upper extremity and open at its lower
extremity 1. d, is an annular socket provided with a recess d', for the reception of
the neck of the exterior bulb a, and with electrodes d², for connecting the filament c,
with the conductors or circuit connections e and e¹. The lower open extremity 6¹,
of the reflecting body or substance b, is fitted into the annular socket d, and a

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vacuum chamber f, is formed around the filament c and between the exterior bulb a,
and the reflecting body b. By reference to Fig. 1, it will be observed that a
passage g, is provided in the reflecting bulb or cylinder b, for the admission of a
supply of air into the interior thereof.
In use the rays of light emanating from the filament c, and falling upon the body
or substance b, are reflected outward from the lamp and thus the available amount
of illumination or candle power given off by the lamp is greatly augmented. The
body or substance b, is protected from any injury that might result to it by reason
of its being in close proximity to the incandescent filament c, by means of currents
of air that constantly circulate through the passage 9 and around the interior of
the reflecting body or substance b.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature and objects of our
said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is :-
1. An incandescent electric lamp provided with a filament and a reflecting body
of irregular, square or elliptical form disposed between or about the filament of the
lamp, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. An incandescent electric lamp provided with a hollow reflector of irregular,
square or elliptical cross-section forming the inner wall of the vacuum chamber
thereof and a filament having the two parts thereof disposed in proximity to the
points or ends of the hollow reflector and said filament connected with electrodes
sealed to the socket of the lamp, the construction and arrangement being such that
a supply of air is afforded around about the internal surface of the reflector whereby
overheating or other damage to the reflector of the lamp is prevented, for the
purposes set forth.
Dated this 12th day at Max D 1000
EPHRAIM EBY WEAVER.
GUSTAVUS BENSON MANY PENNY.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicants.