IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Bullough at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th November 1881.
JOHN BULLOUGH, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates, firstly, to improved appliances used in combination with
the heald staves whereby elasticity is secured for the healds so as to prevent
jerking thereof or undue strain thereon when a "float" or any impediment to the
formation of the "shed" arises.
For the purpose of securing elasticity of healds, especially valuable where cotton
or wire is the material of which the healds are composed, I secure along the upper
edge of the top heald stave a hollow tube of india rubber, and along the lower edge
of the bottom heald stave a like hollow tube of india rubber; the ordinary loops of
the healds enclose the tubes and heald staves so that when the shed is being
formed the strain on the healds in the ordinary working is eased, and especially
is that the case when a "float" or any impediment to the due formation of the
shed occurs.
Secondly. Where electricity is employed for stopping the loom when a float or
an imperfectly formed shed occurs I employ tubes of india rubber applied to the
heald staves as already described, and along the upper part of the tube on the top
heald stave is secured a metallic tape; this serves as the north pole; a similar tape
along the bottom of the same tube serves as the south pole, and through the upper
tape and portion of the tube are passed metallic pins. When undue strain on the
healds occur the tube is compressed, whereon the pendant ends or points of the said
pins touch the lower metallic tape, completes the circuit, and bring into operation
mechanism which stops the loom; the india rubber tube on the bottom stave is
provided with like tapes, pins, and wires.
According to a modification of the above, india rubber tubes closed at the ends
are applied as before to the heald staves, and one end of an S syphon is passed
into the tube; the syphon is composed partly of metal and partly of glass, and in
the bend of the said syphon is a quantity of mercury. Wire negative and positive
poles are connected with the syphon, and when undue strain of healds bears on the
india rubber tube the air therein is in part expelled and forced into the syphon
acting on the mercury, and the circuit is completed and the loom is stopped.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Bullough in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th May
1882.
JOHN BULLOUGH, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates, firstly, to improved appliances used in combination with
the heald staves whereby elasticity is secured for the healds so as to prevent undue
strain thereon.
<<
For the purpose of securing elasticity of healds, especially valuable where cotton
or wire is the material of which the healds are composed, I secure along the upper
edge of the top heald stave a hollow tube of india rubber, and along the lower edge
of the bottom heald stave a like hollow tube of india rubber; the ordinary loops
of the healds enclose the tubes and heald staves so that when the shed is being
formed the strain on the healds in the ordinary working is eased, and especially is
that the case when a float" or any impediment to the due formation of the shed
occurs. Secondly. Where electricity is employed for stopping the loom when a
float or an imperfectly formned shed occurs I employ tubes of india rubber applied
to the heald staves, as already described, and along the upper part of the tube on
the top heald stave is secured a metallic tape; this serves as the north pole; a
similar tape along the bottom of the same tube serves as the south pole, and
through the upper tape and portion of the tube are passed metallic pins.
When undue strain on the healds occur the tube is compressed, whereon the
pendant ends or points of the said pins touch the lower metallic tape, completes
the circuit, and brings into operation mechanism which stops the loom; the india
rubber tube on the bottom stave is provided with like tapes, pins, and wires.
According to a modification of the above, india rubber tubes closed at the ends
are applied as before to the heald staves, and one end of an S syphon is passed into
the tube; the syphon is composed partly of metal and partly of glass, and in the
bend of the said syphon is quantity of mercury. Wires negative and positive poles
are connected with the syphon, and when undue strain of healds bears on the india
rubber tube the air therein is in part expelled and forced into the syphon
acting on the mercury, and the circuit is completed and the loom is stopped.
A further modification comprises use of metallic tapes or metallic bands applied
to the interior or exterior of the india rubber tubes.
Such being the nature of this my said Invention I will now proceed to describe
the same in detail, and in order that the Invention may be fully understood I have
hereunto annexed a Sheet of Drawings, like figures denoting like parts.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 shews application of india rubber tubes to heald staves; Fig. 2 is a
front elevation of loom where electricity is applied, and second heading of this
Invention; Fig. 3 is a sectional end elevation of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 illustrates by sectional
elevation of india rubber tubes and pins for completing circuit when tube is com-
pressed; Fig. 5 illustrates application of syphon pipe wherein rise of mercury
completes the circuit; Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9 illustrate india rubber tubes whereon
inetallic tapes are employed for completing circuit when tube is compressed;
Fig. 10, another form of tube, and means of completing circuit.
Referring now to Fig. 1, A, B, are the heald staves to which the tubes of india
rubber C and D are attached; E, E, are the healds; the loops of the healds enclose
the tubes C, D, as well as the staves A, B, so that whenever from any cause

page_text: additional strain is thrown upon the healds the elasticity of the tubes permits the
tube to collapse or partly so, thereby easing the healds from undue strain and
prevents any jerking motion, and in the ordinary working of the healds the latter
are by the india rubber tubes C, D, eased, causing the healds to last longer, and
yarn to weave better.
Referring now to Figs. 2, 3, and detail Fig. 4, a like application of india rubber
tube C, D, C, is employed in combination with electricity; the india rubber tube C
having on the upper part the metallic tape F through which is passed the point of
the metal pin G; at H is a metallic tape along the interior of the tube, so that
when by a reason of a float or other cause undue strain is put upon the yarn, the
healds compress and flatten the tube C, whereon the part of the pin G reaches and
touches the tape H completing the electric current (F is north pole tape and H
the south pole tape), the wires H and H2 being the communications with the
battery H³, and the magnet J operates the armature K, raising the latter into
position for acting on the levers L and M and weft fork N and stopping the loom,
the levers L, M, and stop motion being similar to that described in the
Specification of Patent granted to the present applicant, and to Tweedale and
Tweedale, and form no part of this Invention.
At Fig. 5 is shewn application of like tubes of india rubber attached to heald
staves and connected with the syphon P in which is mercury, and when the tube
C is collapsed by reason of a float or other obstruction to free working of the
healds air is expelled (or partially so) from the tube, and acting in the mercury R
at its surface S raising the mercury in the opposite leg T of the syphon until in
contact with the metal cap W, and completing the circuit.
At Figs. 6 and 7 is shewn section of india rubber tube having internal metallic
tapes or metallic bands F and E, these being north and south poles, so that when
the tube is compressed (as at Fig. 7) the metallic tapes or bands touch each other,
and the circuit is thereby complete; at Fig. 6 it will be seen the tube C is composed
of a strip of india rubber, on one side of which is fastened the metallic tape, the
rubber being then bent round and cemented to the sides of the staves.
At Figs. 8 and 9 is shewn like arrangement of india rubber tubes and metallic
tapes with the addition of strip of wood placed under the internal tape H, and
having screw Z connected with the wood Y, whereby the relative position of the
under tape to the upper tape F may be adjusted for the purpose of ensuring contact
of the two tapes and completion of the circuit at any predetermined degree of
pressure on the upper part of the india rubber tube.
Fig. 10 illustrates tube of eleptical form, which when pressed and flattened by
extra stress on the healds bulges or widens the tube so that its sides which are
guilded or covered with metallic braid F and H, comes in contact with the rib or
brass Z' extending above the sides of the heald stave A.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this my said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried
into practical effect, I would have it understood that what I claim as my
Invention is
Firstly. The application to and use in combination of the india rubber tubes
C and D, and heald staves A, B, as illustrated at Fig. 1, and herein fully described.
Secondly. The application and use in combination of tube C, metallic tapes F, H,
metallic pin G and heald staves A, as illustrated by Fig. 4 of annexed Drawings,
and herein fully described.
Thirdly. The combination of stave A, indiarubber tube C, syphon X, and metallic
cap W, as illustrated by Fig. 5, and acting in manner as herein fully described.
Fourthly. The combination of stave A, india rubber tube strip C, and metallic
tapes F, H, as illustrated, Fig. 6, and as herein described.
Fifthly. The application to and use of in combination of the stave A, tube C,
metallic tapes F, H, wood strip Y, and adjusting screw Z, constructed, illustrated
on Figs. 8 and 9 in manner and as herein described.

page_text: Lastly. The use of india rubber tubo C having externally guilded or metallic
coated outer surfaces F and H and metallic contact plates Z' applied to heald
staves, as illustrated in Fig. 10, as herein fully described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Bullough, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twentieth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
JOHN BULLOUGH. (LS.)