IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ward Holroyd, of Halifax, in the County of York,
Machine Maker, and Samuel Smith, of the same Place, Overlooker, for
WA"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ward Holroyd and
Samuel Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents with
their Petition, on the 1st September 1860..
We, WARD HOLROYD, of Halifax, in the County of York, Machine Maker,
and SAMUEL SMITH, of the same Place, Overlooker, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING,' to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to means of governing or regulating the "pick" in
looms wherein change shuttle boxes. are employed, so as to enable any number
of shuttles in succession to the number of change boxes to be picked from
one end, and then any number from the other end of the loom, or in any
desirable order, and consists in having the studs which carry the picking cones
capable of sliding up or down on the picking shaft, but without turning round
thereon so as to be removed out of contact with their respective picking
tappets, when not required to be actuated thereby. This is effected by a
lever hinged on a fulcrum or stud fixed about the middle or equidistant

page_text: betwixt the loom ends, in a line with and extending to the picking shafts. The
ends of said lever are connected by rods or other suitable means to the
cone studs, so that if one end of the lever be raised the cone stud attached
thereto will also be raised out of contact with the nose or noses on its
picking tappet, and the other cone stud will be lowered into contact with the
nose or noses on its picking tappet. This lever may be actuated by jacquard
apparatus, for which Letters Patent were granted to us, the said Ward
Holroyd and Samuel Smith, dated October 16th, 1857, No 2650, or by
Or instead of the
ordinary jacquards, witches, or other indicating means.
cone studs sliding on the shafts they may be madé capable of partly turning
round thereon so as to be removed out of the way or contact with the picking
tappets, and actuated as herein-before explained; and to prevent stopping of
the loom when two or more shuttles have been picked in succession from one
end, in consequence of there being no weft across the weft fork, two bell crank
levers are hinged to the breast beam near the weft forks, the longer arms
extending to and are connected by rods to the aforesaid lever one at each end, the
short arms being so arranged as to act upon the weft fork when actuated by
the said lever and thus keep them clear of or out of contact with the catches
or knocking off levers which operate the strap guide.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Ward Holroyd and Samuel Smith, in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 1st March 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WARD
HOLROYD, of Halifax, in the County of York, Machine Maker, and SAMUEL
SMITH, of the same Place, Overlooker, send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent. Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her leirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Ward Holroyd. and Samuel Smith, Her special license, that we, the
said Ward Holroyd and Samuel Smith, our executors, administrators, and
assigus, or such others as we, the said Ward Holroyd and Samuel Smith,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein. expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel

page_text: Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," upon the condition, amongst others, that we, the said Ward
Holroyd and Samuel Smith, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particu-
larly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Ward Holroyd and Samuel Smith, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and; ascertained in
and by the following statement, (that is to say):-
.
This Invention relates to means of governing or regulating the "pick" in
looms wherein change shuttle-boxes are employed so as to enable any number
of shuttles in succession to the number of change boxes to be picked from
one end, and then any number from the other end of the loom, or in any
desirable order, and consists in having the studs which carry the picking cones
capable of sliding up or down on their picking shafts, but without turning
round thereon, so as to be removed out of contact with their respective picking
tappets when not required to be actuated thereby. This is effected by a lever
hinged on a fulcrum or stud fixed about the middle or equidistant betwixt
the loom ends, in a line with and extending to the picking shafts. The ends
of the said lever are connected by rods or other suitable means to the cone
studs, so that if one end of the lever be raised, the cone stud attached thereto
will also be raised out of contact with the nose or noses on its picking tappet,
and the other cone stud will be lowered into contact with the nose or noses on
its picking tappet. This lever may be actuated by jacquard apparatus; for
which Letters Patent were granted to us, the said Ward Holroyd and Samuel
Smith, dated October 16th, 1857, No. 2650, or by ordinary jacquards, witches,
or other indicating means. And to prevent stopping of the loom when two or
more shuttles have been picked in succession from one end in consequence of
there being no weft across the weft fork, two bell-crank levers (or an equi-
valent combination of levers) are hinged to the breast beam, or near the weft
forks, and are connected by rods to the aforesaid lever, and so arranged as to
act upon the weft forks when actuated by the said lever, and thus keep the
said weft forks clear of or out of contact with the catches of the weft hammers
or knocking-off levers which operate the strap guide.
In order that our said Invention may be clearly understood, we have given
reference to two accompanying Sheets of Drawings illustrative thereof.

page_text: Fig. 1 is an end elevation of an ordinary power loom, with our improve-
ments applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a cross section; and Fig. 3, a back elevation
of the same.
A is a lever extending from one picking shaft to the other,
and hinged upon a fulcrum or stud a¹ fixed in a stand a² bolted to the loom
framing. On each end of the said lever are links a³, a', attached respectively
to the studs of the picking cones as, ao, the said studs being capable of sliding
up or down on the picking shafts, and which are prevented turning round
thereon by feathers or ribs a, a, fixed on the said shafts, or the said
shafts may be made square, or of other polygonal form to the extent required
for the traverse of the cone studs so as to prevent them turning thereon:
B, B', are the picking tappets, which have double noses, and are fixed on the
low shaft of the loom; C is a small jacquard engine or indicating apparatus,
comprising a cylinder c¹ with a chain of suitably perforated lags or cards' c²,
and a set of corresponding pegged levers c³; the cylinder being suspended on
a lever c, which is operated by a crank c³ fixed on the end of the crank
shaft; D is a box, with a set of six catches or hooked rods d, and a cor-
responding set of bell-cranked levers d' (shewn in section on a larger scale at
Fig. 4,) which are connected by strings to the levers c³; E is a grife lever,
with one end formed like a fork, having a rod or bar e fixed therein capable
of receiving the catches or rods d when brought into position for that purpose.
The said grife lever is connected at the other end by a rod e³ to an eccentric
spur wheel e, in which is a stud pin forming a crank, the said wheel gearing
with another equal and corresponding eccentric wheel e fixed on the crank
shaft of the loon, by which a variable motion is given to the grife lever.
The catches or hooked rods d are held back or out of contact with the afore-
said grife lever by springs d³, and pressed forward or into position to catch or
hook thereon by the bell-crank levers d¹ when operated by the strings from
the jacquard engine or indicating apparatus. Four of the said catches or
looked rods d'are connected to the levers F, G, which are hinged to the loom
framing about their middle, and to which are also connected rods f, g, forked
at their upper ends with three pins across each, which take into teeth of right
and left-handed catch wheels f, g, fixed on the spindle of the rotary shuttle
boxes, by which the said boxes are turned right or left as required. The
catches d are formed at their connections with the levers F, G, as shewn
at Figs. 5 and 6, and one of each is attached to each lever; the slot
in Fig. 5 being in length above the pin p equal to half the lift of
the grife lever, and the slot in Fig. 6 being of the same length both
above and below the pin, so that if the catch Fig. 6 be lifted, the
lever F or G will only be lifted half the distance as if lifted by the catch,

page_text: Fig. 5, consequently the latter one will turn two boxes at a lift or skip one
box, whilst the former will only turn one box; and if it be desirable to turn
three boxes or to skip two, then we apply an additional catch with suitable
arrangement of the jacquard apparatus to each lever F, G, with slot below
the pin proportionally longer as at Fig. 7, arranging them in thirds of the left
of the grife lever; that is, Fig. 7 has a slot below the pin equal to two-thirds
of the lift and will turn one box only; Fig. 6, a slot below of one-third, and
will turn two boxes; and Fig. 5 will move the lever F or G the whole distance
and turn three boxes. The slot above the pin in each allows of the levers
being lifted by any of the catches without lifting the other catches at the same
time. The rods ƒ and g with the catch wheels f' and g¹ are shewn in detail
at Figs. 8 and 9, where it will be observed the teeth or hooks are in reverse
directions to each other, and consequently the action of each rod f, g, will be.
to turn the boxes in opposite directions; but it is intended that only one
should be in operation at a time, yet if, by accident, both should be acted upon,
there is a spring joint in the levers F, G, which will give way and prevent
breakage. The other two catches d are connected by chains d, d, to a tee
lever d, which is connected by a rod d to the lever A, which is thereby
operated; and to prevent breakage springs d³, d, are applied to the chains
connecting with the tee lever, which will give way in case of both the catches
being lifted. at the same time; H is a lever hinged on a fulcrum or stud h
fixed to the loom end, and on this lever is a fixing h¹, which is acted upon by
the tappet I to operate the lever H, which tappet also operates the weft
hammers or knocking off levers J. To the lever H is a rod h² connected to
a bell-crank lever K (shewn in detail at Fig. 10), hinged to the lay or batten,
and having fingers K¹ attached thereto, which are capable of passing between
the weft fork grates and pressing the weft into a recess formed in the batten.
when operated by the spring h³; and to prevent the tappet I from coming in
contact with the fixing on the lever H, when not required to be operated, a
tumbler L (shewn in detail at Fig. 11), is hinged to the loom frame and con-
nected by a rod to the lever A, which operates the said tumbler, as required;
which being turned down, as shewn in Fig. 2, holds the lever H down or out
of contact with the tappet I... The rod has a slot in it, which receives the
end of a lever M, on which is hinged a spring cross head or cross bar m,
(shewn in detail at Fig. 12), to which is attached a strap m² passing around-a
pulley m² fixed on a shaft or stud, on which is also fixed a lever m³ connected.
by a rod m³ to an arm m³, on which is a finger projecting across the weft fork,
which when actuated presses thereon and prevents the said fork from catching
on the weft hammer, when not required so to do. This apparatus is also shewn:

page_text: in detail at Fig. 13, where it will be seen that the arm m³ is raised and not
acting on the fork, but another similar arm at the other end of the loom
(shewn in dotted lines) is depressed and acting upon the weft fork, so as
to prevent it from catching on the hammer. The action of these arms being
reciprocal, the one up when the other is down alternately, as required, motion
being given to them by the cross head coming in contact with one or other of
two pins m, m', as the lever in is raised or lowerd by the lever A, and on the
moving back of the lay or batten. It will be observed that so long as the
picking cone a³, now shewn to be in contact with the picking tappet B, the
loom will continue to pick from that end, and no picks will be made from the
other end until the position of the lever A is changed, removing the picking
cone a out of contact with its picking tappet B, and putting the picking cone
a into contact with its picking tappet B'; and that the times and the changes
of picking can be governed or arranged and selected by the cards or lags of the
jacquard engine or index apparatus, according to the pattern and design required.
Also when making two or more picks from one end of the loom in succession,
the first shoot is (after the action of the weft fork at the opposite end) pressed
into a recess in the lay by the fingers on the lever K to give free action for
the weft motion at the next shoot, and the weft fork at the picking end is
operated upon by the apparatus, shewn at Fig. 13, to prevent the stoppage of
the loom in consequence of there being no weft across the grates at that end.
The action being reversed by the change of position of the lever A effected by
jacquard or other index apparatus.
Having thus fully described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, we would have it understood
that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details as herein set forth, nor
have we thought it necessary to illustrate all the parts, but only such as are
necessary to explain our Invention, similar parts being required at each end
of the loom; nor do we claim all the parts which we have had occasion to
describe as of our Invention; but what we do claim and believe to be new
within the realm is,-
Firstly, having the studs which carry the picking cones capable of sliding
on their shafts into or out of contact with their corresponding picking tappets.
Secondly, the means of preventing the loom being knocked off or stopped
by the action of the weft motion, and removing the weft out of the way of the
weft fork, when two or more shuttles have been picked from one end in
succession, substantially as herein described and illustrated.
Thirdly, the combination and general arrangement of the parts or mecha-
nism, including the construction and application of the catch box D, with the

page_text: use of eccentric wheels for giving a slow motion to change shuttle boxes when
urning, substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying two
Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Ward Holroyd and Samuel Smith,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-seventh day of
February One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Ward Holroyd and Samuel
Smith in the presence of
W. TASKER, Patent Agent,
Halifax.
WARD HULKOYD. (L.S.)
SAMUEL SMITH. (L.S.)