IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TUBE BRUSHES USED IN CLEANING THE TUBES OF MARINE, LOCOMOTIVE, AND ALL KINDS OF MULTITUBULAR BOILERS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Cornelius Moriarty, of 22, Nelson Street, Greenwich,
in the County of Kent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF TUBE BRUSHES USED IN CLEANING THE TUBES OF MARINE,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Cornelius Moriarty at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th June 1856. *
⚫
I, CORNELIUS MORIARTY, of 22, Nelson Street, Greenwich, in the County of
Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TUBE BRUSHES USED IN CLEANING THE TUBES OF MARINE,
LOCOMOTIVE, AND ALL KINDS OF MULTITUBULAR BOILERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the construction of brushes in such manner that
the wire, hair, or whalebone, constituting the brushing or scrubbing part of the
brush, is placed in a compact mass in the form of a screw, which has sufficient
pitch and space between the thread or threads of the screw to admit of the
brush being screwed in through the ferrule of the tube.
This space between the threads of the screw also affords room for the soot

page_text: and dirt detached from the inside the tube to lodge, and be drawn out with
the brush.
By placing the bristle, whalebone, or wire in a compact mass in the form
above-mentioned, greater stiffness of brush is presented, while at the same
time the wire brush may be made of the full size of the tube, by disposing the
thread so as to screw through the ferrule, as before mentioned. This method
of inserting the brushes is also preferable for hair, bristle, or whalebone
brushes, as a large brush. can be inserted into the tube without the necessity of
doubling or..pressing down the bristles so much as is requisite to pass through
the ferrule.
A further improvement consists in placing the wire, bristles, or whalebone
of the brush in greater quantity in the middle of the length of the screw, so
that it presents greater stiffness and stability in the middle than at the ends.
I make these brushes by combining the wire or other material, which is
first cut to any given length to suit the diameter of tubes for which the brush
is required; I place the material, thus cut, between two, four, six, or other
number of wires at right angles, and twist such wires forcibly together, and so
form the spiral or screw of the requisite pitch.
SPECIFICATION-in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Cornelius Moriarty in the. Great Seal Patent Office on
the 30th December 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CORNELIUS
MORIARTY, of 22, Nelson Street, Greenwich, in the County, of Kent, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. He
Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her licirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Cornelius Moriarty; Her special licence that I, the said Cornelius Moriarty, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Cornelius
Moriarty, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF TUBE BRUSHES USED IN CLEANING THE TUBES OF MARINE, Loco-

page_text: MOTIVE, AND ALL KINDS OF MULTITUBULAR BOILERS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Cornelius Moriarty, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands; and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the 'said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next'
and immediately after the date of the 'said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Cornelius Móriárty, do hereby declare
the nature of my said "Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in' and by the fol-
lowing statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
:-
My Invention consists of the construction of brushes in such manner that
the wire, hair, or whalebone, constituting the brushing' or scrubbing part of
the instrument, is placed in a compact mass in the form of a screw or helix,
which has sufficient pitch and space between the thread or threads of the
screw to admit of the brush being screwed in through the ferrule of the tube.
This space between the threads of the screw also affords room for the soot'
and dirt détached inside the tube to lodge, and be drawn out with the'
brush.
By placing the bristles, whalebone, or wire in a compact mass in the form
above mentioned, greater stiffness of the brush is presented, while' at the same
time the wire brush may be made of the full size of the tube; by disposing' tho
thread so as to screw through the ferrule; as before mentioned. This method
of inserting the brushes is also preferable for hair, bristle, or whalebone'
brushes, as a larger brush can be inserted into the tube without 'the 'necessity'
of doubling or pressing down the bristles so' much as is requisite to pass through'
the ferrule.
A further improvement consists in placing the wire, bristles, or whalebone
of the brush in greater quantity in the middle of the length of the screw;
so that it presents greater stiffness and stability in the middle than' at the
ends.
I make these brushes by combining the wire or other material, which is first
cut to any given length to suit the diameter of tube for 'which the brush is
required. I place the material, thus cut, between two, four, six, or other
numbers of wires (or other forms of iron adapted to hold the brush material,
and to form the body of the brush,) at right angles thereto, and twist such
wires or other form of body forcibly together, and so form the spiral or screw
of the required pitch.
:

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents a full-sized view of a brush, formed according to my:
Invention; Fig. 2, an end view; and Fig. 3, a transverse section of the same.
a, a, a', a¹, are four wires, which constitute the foundation or body of the
brush; and b, b, the steel wire, whalebone, hair, or other material constituting;
the brushing part. The wires a, a, and a¹, a¹, are first disposed in pairs parallel.
to each other, and welded together at each end, and with an eye formed at c,
if required. The wire b, or other material, is cut into pieces of a length cor-
responding with the internal diameter of the tube for which the brush, is.
intended. The brushing material so cut and prepared is placed between the
pairs of wires, a, a, a', a¹, and properly distributed, according to the quantity:
of brushing material to be introduced. The four wires are now twisted
together by means of suitable machinery, as well understood in making cylin
drical brushes, which, twisting together, binds and fixes the material 6, and
causes it to assume the form of screw represented in Fig. 1. In this Figure,
it will be seen that a boiler tube, is shewn dotted in section. It will be,
seen that the brush is partly inserted, and that there is room in the space
between the threads of the screw to receive the ferrule d, d, of the tube e, e,;
and that by causing the brush to rotate on its axis while inserting it, that
it may be so introduced without injury to or compression of the brushing
materials b, while at the same time it is of the full diameter of the interior of
the tube e, e.
I may here add, that it is almost impossible with brushes made
of steel wire in the ordinary way, to insert them unless they are small enough
to pass through the ferrule d; and that, consequently, the brush is much
smaller than the tube, and therefore is very imperfect in its effects in cleaning
the tube; whereas a steel wire brush made according to my Invention fills the
tube, and effectually scrapes and cleanses the interior. f is a nose-piece, which
I screw on to the front end of the body a, a¹. I form this of hardened steel
or chilled cast iron, and of a rectangular pointed form, so that on inserting
the brush the nose-piece f acts as a sort of rymer, and detaches any large or
hard encrustation formed on the inside of the tube. The joint c may have a
round or square pin, so that it may either be connected rigidly thereby, or may
have a joint motion; the other part of the joint g is furnished with a screw
which screws into the socket h of the rod i, with which the brush is used.
This joint c may be dispensed with, and the body a, a, screwed at once into
socket h, or the rod i may be of one piece with a, a'. Instead of using two
strong wires a, a, a¹, a', on either side of the brush material b, three, four, or
other number of similar wires may be substituted for those wires, taking care

page_text: that they are of such diameter and number, and so disposed as to produce a
brush in the form of a helix, the threads or leaves of which have sufficient
space between, and with sufficient rake or pitch to afford the facilities for
entering the tube, as herein-before described.
As before mentioned, this space between the threads or leaves of the helix
also affords room for the dirt to lodge in the brush, while the brush material
being in a close compact mass, it does not clog it, and requires no cleansing at
each time of withdrawing, as is usually the case with ordinary brushes.
Figure 4 represents a side view, and Fig. 5, a transverse section of a brush
formed according to my Invention. In this case the body a, a', is made of
two flat bars of iron welded together at either end, and twisted together to hold
and sustain the brush material 6 in the form of the brush. This form of body
binds and nips the material at the extreme edges or breadth, and is, perhaps,
in some other respects better than the form shewn at Fig. 1. The same
arrangement is observed with regard to the helical form and arrangement
of the brush material, as before described in reference to Fig. 1..
In this brush, it will be observed that the quantity of brush material in the
helixes, threads, or leaves is much increased towards the middle of the length
of the brush, which affords greater stiffness and rigidity at that part, and at
the same time renders the brush easier of entrance into the tube through the..
ferrule.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is carried into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not
claim generally the manufacture of brushes by twisting wires together to hold
the brushing material in a helical form, such having been heretofore the
ordinary manufacture; but that what I do claim as my Invention is the con-
struction and manufacture of tube brushes, used in cleaning the tubes of
steam boilers, of a helical form, arranged and adapted in the manner and for
the purposes herein-before described and represented in the Sheet of Drawings
hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Cornelius Moriarty, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
CORNELIUS MORIARTY. (L.S.)