Improvements in Machinery for Breaking, Crushing, Pulverising, and Screening Coal, Bones, Bark, and such like Substances.
Year: 1889

page_text: Complete Specification Left, 23rd Oct., 1889-Accepted, 23rd Jan., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Breaking, Crushing, Pulverising, and
Screening Coal, Bones, Bark, and such like Substances.
1 GEORGE LOWRY, Engineer of Barnsley in the County of Yorkshire, England, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I make the hopper or receiver oblong, in two or more divisions, with conical sides,
in the centre I suspend the crusher head from a cross shaft, by two side plates, these
plates extend downwards to the crank shaft, which imparts a pendulous or to & fro
inotion & breaks or crushes the material alternately, first on one side, then on the other.
The blades on the crusher head I make in two or more sections & spread them wider
towards the bottom edge. I fix two adjustable side plates in the conical hopper, which
can be readily set up to regulate the size of production.
The circular screen I put together with three or more longitudinal bars secured to
the rims, in each of the divisions I use two keeper plates for holding the short longi-
tudinal bars in place, these plates are made to take in more or less bars & so determine
the pitch of the screen & are readily changed. For pulverising or granulating or
reducing to very fine powder, I prefer to make the receiver conical with adjustable
fixed steel blades let into slots in the body which intersects the beater blades, the latter
I fix in two or more blocks and mount them on the driving shaft, either vertical or
horizontal.
The material or substance to be operated upon is fed in at the small end of the
conical hopper and is broken up or pounded by a coarse strong beater. It then passes
on to a larger diameter and finer beater, so on till finished.
I sometimes prefer to cast the intersecting blades on a ring and fit them inside the
case. I also fix circular plates inside to resist the wear.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Breaking, Crushing, Pulverising, and
Screening Coal, Bones, Bark, and such like Substances.
1, GEORGE LOWRY, Engineer, of Barnsley in the County of Yorkshire, England, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
I make the hopper or receiver oblong, in two or more divisions, with conical sides,
in the centre I suspend the crusher head from a cross shaft, by two side plates,
these plates extend downwards to the crank shaft, which imparts a pendulous
or to and fro motion, and breaks or crushes the material alternately first on one side
then on the other. The blades on the crusher head I make in two or more sections,
and spread them wider towards the bottom edge. I fix two adjustable side plates in
the conical (that is with inclined sides) hopper, which can be readily set up to regulate
the size of production.
For pulverizing, granulating or reducing to a very fine powder, I prefer to make
the receiver conical with adjustable fixed steel blades or breaking tools, let into slots
or other retaining provisions in the body; which intersects, that is, work or move in or
between the blades or breaking tools of the moving beater blades or breaking tools,
the latter I fix in one two or more pieces or blocks, and mount them on the driving
shaft either vertically or horizontally.
In the horizontal arrangement, the material or substance to be operated upon is fed
in at the suull end of the conical hopper, and is broken up or pounded by a coarse

page_text: strong benter. It then passes on to a larger diameter and finer. beater, and so on till
finished. I sometimes prefer to cast the intersecting blades on a ring, and fit them
inside the case, that is on one piece or block. I may also fix circular plates inside to
resist the wear.
The circular screen for sifting the crushed material is made in divisions, and in each
of the divisions I use two keeper plates, for holding the short longitudinal bars in
place, these plates are made to take in more or less bars and so determine the pitch of
the screen, and are readily changed.
That this invention may be more clearly understood, I have hereunto annexed a
sheet of drawings, which make a part of this Specification, and are illustrative of my
invention. The drawings are marked with letters and Figures of reference corre-
sponding with those used in the following description, and like letters and figures are
used to denote the same or corresponding parts throughout the various views and
Figures.

page_text: small end of the receiver a.
The back of the crusher 6 is provided with an outlet
plate or changeable screen 4, having annular openings as shown. The tail end of
the shaft
is provided with a collar e which runs in a screwed sleeve et, so that the
shaft can be adjusted in the bearing m, and thereby the position of the crusher b and
the tools & can be adjusted in relation to the tools a*.
e,
Now with reference to Figure 8. In this case I mount the crusher head on a
vertical shaft e. The shaft.e is supported at the bottom by a bush i running in
bearings in the lower frame. The bush and shaft are provided with a toothed
wheel and a fly wheel k. Motion is imparted to the wheel by the toothed pinion j¹
which is mounted on the pulley shaft e¹ which is driven by a belt, and the pulley e².
With reference to Figures 9, 10, 11 and 12, p is the circular screen for sifting the
crushed material after it leaves the breaking or crushing machine; the screen is made
in sections p¹ p² the section p is a cylindrical casing perforated with holes, the
sections pl pare composed of longitudinal bars r, the bars in the section p² being set
at a coarser pitch than the bars in the section p²; those bars are kept in their place
by keeper plates which are secured in position by bolts or screws to the armed
rings &². The plates s are made with grooves t, as shown in Figure 12 which will
hold more or less bars, so that the bars can be taken out or put in as their pitch is
required to be altered.
Inside the screen p, p', p² I provide scoops for raising the material from the
bottom, and discharging it, as the screen revolves, one or more of these scoops may be
placed in each section.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a machine for breaking, crushing or pulverizing coals, bones, and other
material, a suspended crusher head in the receiver or body thereof adapted to move to
and fro therein, against the sides of the receiver or body; substantially as set forth;
and also said parts arranged and constructed as set forth, with reference to Figures 1,
2 and 3 of the drawings.
2. In an apparatus for breaking or crushing coal and other substances, in which a
crusher head having blades or tools adapted to crush the material is employed, pro-
viding said crusher head with a double set of such blades or tools set at different
pitches, so that the material is subjected first to a coarse crushing action and then to a
fine crushing action; substantially as set forth.
3. The combination of parts set forth with reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the
drawings, consisting essentially of the receiver or body a, the crusher b, having a
pendulous motion in said body a, and adapted to crush the material against the sides
of said receiver, said crusher being wider at the bottom than the top, so as to provide
for an easy feed of the material to be crushed, as set forth.
4. The combination of parts set forth with reference to Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7
of the drawings, consisting essentially of the receiver or body a provided with a
set of coarse and fine blades or tools a', and the crusher 6 provided with sets of
coarse and fine blades or tools b', said crusher b being provided with a screen /
and mounted on a horizontal shaft e, adjustable in its bearings, so that the position
of the cutting tools b¹ can be regulated in relation to the cutting tools a*; as set
forth.
5. A machine constructed and adapted to operate after the manner set forth
with reference to Figures 4 and 5, in which the shaft is provided with means for
adjustment, substantially as described.
6. A machine constructed and adapted to operate after the manner set forth
with reference to Figures 4 and 5 provided with a changeable screen such as 1,
substantially as described.
7. In apparatus of the type herein described for crushing and breaking coal
and other substances, arranging the actuating shaft (e) in a vertical position, and

page_text: employing in combination with such shaft (e) a fly wheel k said shaft being
driven by bevel gear ; and shaft e'; substantially as set forth.
8. In an apparatus for screening crushed materials the keeper plates herein
described with reference to Figures 12-13-14 and 15, whereby the longitudinal
bars of the screen can be removed and replaced as required, substantially as set
forth.
9. In an apparatus for screening crushed materials, the use in combination with
the screens p, p², p³, set forth reference to Fig. 9, of one or more scoops in each
section of such screen; as described with reference to Figures 10 and 11 of the
Drawings.
Dated this 22nd day of October 1889
GEORGE LOWRY.
By Cheesbrough & Royston,
Applicant's Agents.