Improvements in Apparatus for Condensing Steam or other Vapours, also applicable for Heating or Cooling Fluids.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Sept., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 4th Jan., 1892-Accepted, 6th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Condensing Steam or other Vapours,
also applicable for Heating or Cooling Fluids.
I OLIVER MATTHEWS Row, of 37 Hanover Street Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The objects of this invention are to provide apparatus which shall be strong and
very efficient in condensing cooling or heating with comparatively small surface
such surface being so disposed as to break up the currents of steam or fluid and
circulating or cooling fluid so as to allow of better contact between such steam or
fluids and the condensing or heating surface and more rapid transfer of heat.
For these purposes I make use of a tube or tubes indented at intervals on one or
both sides. The indentations are preferably at right angles or nearly so alternately.
Such tube or tubes are placed within a casing and steam or vapour to be condensed
or heating fluid is passed through the inside of the said tube or tubes being
agitated or broken up by the indentations during its passage. The cooling fluid or
fluid to be heated is passed around the outside of the said tube or tubes being also
agitated or broken up by the indentations in the tube or tubes. If desired the
steam may be outside the tubes and the cooling fluid inside.
Wires or equivalent devices may be inserted if desired in the tubes to prevent
accidental closing of such tubes by bending or otherwise at the indentations.
The steam and other connections are of any convenient kind.
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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Condensing Steam or other Vapours,
also applicable for Heating or Cooling Fluids.
I, OLIVER MATTHEWS Row, of 37 Hanover Street Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The objects of this invention are to provide apparatus which shall be strong and
very efficient in condensing, cooling, or heating with comparatively small surface,
such surface being so disposed as to break up the currents of steam or fluid and
circulating or cooling fluid so as to allow of better contact between such steam or
fluids and the condensing or heating surfaces, and more rapid transfer of heat.
For these purposes I make use of a tube or tubes indented at intervals on both
sides. The indentations are preferably at right angles or nearly so alternately.
Such tube or tubes is or are placed within a casing and steam or vapour to be
condensed or heating fluid is passed through the inside of the said tube or tubes,
being agitated or broken up by the indentations during its passage. The cooling
fluid or fluid to be heated is passed around the outside of the said tube or tubes
being also agitated or broken up by the indentations in the tube or tubes. If
desired the steam may be outside the tubes and the cooling fluid inside.
Wires or equivalent devices may be inserted, if desired, in the tubes to prevent
accidental closing of such tubes by bending or otherwise at the indentations.
The steam and other connections are of any convenient kind..

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section partly in elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan of apparatus
under my invention. a is a casing or chamber containing tubes 6 formed with
indentations, depressions, or flats c on opposite sides at intervals in their length.
The indentations are preferably formed alternately at right angles, or nearly so, so
as to obstruct and agitate any steam, water, or other fluids passing through or
around the tubes, thereby bringing all particles of such fluids in contact with the
walls of the tubes, and thus facilitate the transfer of heat or cold. de are chambers
communicating with the interior of the tubes b through nozzles b'. f inlet and
outlet to the chambers de. inlet and outlet to the casing a.
The above described apparatus is suitable for use as a condenser feed water
heater, or cooler; and it is preferred that the steam to be condensed, the heating
steam or fluid, or the cooling vapour or fluid should pass through the interior of the
tubes whilst the condensing water or fluid, the water to be heated, or the brine or
fluid to be cooled are passed around the outside of the tubes; although the passage
of the fluids may be arranged vice versa by suitably proportioning and connecting
the inlets and outlets. A slightly modified arrangement of the above appar: '9
may be used for heating water by the products of combustion of gas or other fu
It will be obvious that the indentations or depressions in the tubes may be va
in many ways in form, position, or length. Fig. 3 is a section showing the inde .a-
tions touching at the centre. In Fig. 4 the bottoms of the indentations are sl ..*n
corrugated. In Fig. 5 the indentations are formed at other than right angl to
each other. In Fig. 1 the indentations c¹ in some of the tubes 6 are in the for . of
long flats.
Fig. 6 is a vertical section, and Fig. 7 a cross section showing a wire h inserted
in an indented tube 6 in order to prevent accidental closing of such tube by bending
or otherwise. In case of the tube becoming expanded the wire / will serve as a
guide for restoring it to the desired form.
Fig. 8 is a view of apparatus more particularly applicable as an evaporator, having
a single coiled tube b formed with indentations or depressions c alternately at right
angles or nearly so, and placed in a vessel or container i. The liquid to be heated,
evaporated or cooled passes or circulates around the tube b whilst heating or cooling
fluid is passed through the tube b. A number of straight tubes as shewn in Fig. I
may be used if desired instead of a coiled tube as above described.
Fig. 9 shows apparatus arranged for heating air in rooms or the like. Here
there are a series of tubes 6 so arranged with the indentations cat an angle that
there are no spaces in which air or vapour can be retained in the interior of the
tubes. g inlet and outlet for circulating hot water. In this instance the walls of the
room in which the apparatus is placed act as a casing for containing the fluid to be
heated viz., air.
It will be obvious that many modifications of apparatus may be made according
to the purpose for which they are required without departing from the nature of
the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
Apparatus for condensing steam or other vapours or for heating evaporating or
cooling fluids constructed with tubes having indentations or depressions substantially
as set forth.