Improvements in and relating to Engine Packing.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Engine Packing.
I, Dr. WILHELM MAJERT, of Grunau, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In stuffing box packings composed of metal shot, it is very difficult to introduce
the shot into the stuffing box. In the case of stuffing boxes having an inclined or a
downwardly inclined position it is still more difficult to introduce the metal shot
into the stuffing box than is the case with horizontal stuffing boxes. Under the
present known circumstances it is almost impossible to apply metal shot packings
to pistons for steam engines and pumps. This fact is no doubt the reason why
metal shot or metal grain packings (which are particularly suited for steam engine
stuffing boxes and steam engine pistons and which are cheap) have up to the
present found little or no use in practical work. The above mentioned
drawback is now obviated by bringing the metal shot (either alone, or according
to its particular purpose of use mixed with mineral, vegetable or animal fibres or
substances, with grains of rubber factis, cork, leather, or bath sponge, or piled
between any sort of layers of paper, paper board or textile fabric) before use into
a firm and coherent condition by embedding it in, or cementing it together with, a
more or less easily fusible or soluble or plastic material. Materials suitable for
this purpose are, according to the particular use of the packing, a fat which is
solid at ordinary temperature such as tallow, wax or the like, also paraffin, naptha-
line, phenantren, antracen, carbazol, soap, rubber, starch, dextrin, glue or al
readily fusible salt such as Glauber salts and the like. The form of this packing
may be, as hereinafter termed, a cartridge.
This packing or cartridge is made by placing the shot, either alone or mixed
with one or the other of the above mentioned materials or arranged in layers
between layers of any cardboard, paper, or woven fabric, in moulds which correspond
to the shape of the stuffing box or of the piston part to be filled up, the said shot
being packed as closely as possible into the mould. Then the binding agent which
has been rendered fluid is poured upon the shot packing, which has been
previously heated if necessary, so that said binding agent fills up all the interstices.
If the binding agent is a simple solidifying material such as fat, paraffin, soap,
Glauber salts, etc., then when the materials have become cold, the cartridge
which has hardened into a mass, is removed from the mould. But if the binding
agent is an adhesive agent which acts by evaporation or drying up, such as starch,
dextrin, glue, the cartridge is first dried and then removed from the mould. The
reverse manner of proceeding may however, be also adopted, by first pouring the
melted binding agent into the mould which is heated if necessary, and then
introducing the shot packing. Finally the shot packing may also be mixed
with the (if necessary) heated liquified binding agent to form a thick paste which
can then be poured or introduced into the mould. These cartridges can then
be made into any desired shape and may be composed of two or more shells or parts.
D
071

page_text: In the accompanying drawings: —
Figure 1 illustrates a stuffing box packed with a cartridge, and,
Figure 2 illustrates a steam piston packed with a cartridge.
TX
1 1
1711
1000
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, and 25, Cross Street, Manchester,
Agents
Improvements in and relating to Engine Packing.
I, Dr. WILLIAM MAJERT, of Granau, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
In stuffing box packings composed of metal shot, it is very difficult to introduce
the shot into the stuffing box. In the case of stuffing boxes having an inclined
or a downwardly inclined position it is still more difficult to introduce the metal
shot into the stuffing box than is the case with horizontal stuffing boxes. Under
the present known circumstances it is almost impossible to apply metal shot
packings to pistons for steam engines and pumps, and these such packings
although economical and easily applied are not used to any practical extent for
such purposes.
The above mentioned drawback is now overcome by bringing
the metal shot either alone, or according to its particular purpose of use mixed
with mineral, vegetable or animal fibre or substances, with grains of rubber, cork,
leather or bath sponge, or piled between any sort of layers of paper, paper board
or textile fabric before use into a firm and coherent condition by embedding it in,
or cementing it together with a more or less easily fusible or soluble or plastic
material. Materials suitable for this purpose are, a fat which is solid at ordinary
temperature such as tallow, wax or the like, also paraffin, naphaline, phenantren,
antracen, carbazol, soap, rubber starch, dextrin, glue or a readily fusible salt such as
Glauber salts and the like. The form of this packing may be as hereinafter
termed a cartridge.
This packing or cartridge is made by placing the shot either alone or mixed with
one or the other of the above mentioned materials, or arranged in layers between
layers of any card-board paper, or woven fabric, in moulds which correspond
to the shape of the stuffing box or of the piston or plunger part to be filled up,
the said shot being packed as closely as possible into the mould. Then the binding
agent which has been rendered fluid is poured upon the shot packing which has
been provisionally heated if necessary, so that the binding agent fills up all the
interstices. If the binding agent is a simple solidifying material such as fat,
paraffin, soap, Glauber salt or the like, then when the materials have become
cold the cartridge which has hardened into a mass, is removed from the mould.
But if the binding agent is an adhesive agent which acts by evaporation or drying
up, such as starch, dextrin, glue, the cartridge is first dried and then removed
from the mould. The reverse manner of proceeding may however, be else adopted,
by first pouring the melted binding agent into the mould which is heated if
necessary, and then introducing the shot packing. Finally the shot packing may
also be mixed with the liquified binding agent to form a thick paste which can
then be poured or introduced into the mouid. These cartridges can then be
made into any desired shape and may be composed of two or more shells or parts.

page_text: In the drawings filed with the Provisional Specification,
Figure 1 illustrates a stuffing box packed with a cartridge, and,
Figure 2 illustrates a steam piston packed with a cartridge.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A metallic packing for use in stuffing boxes and upon pistons and pumps
and like plungers, consisting of a combination of metal shot with a binding and
filling agent for closing the interstices between the shots, substantially as herein-
before described.
2. A metallic packing for use in stuffing boxes and upon pistons, plungers and
the like, consisting of a combination of metal shot with a binding and filling
agent for closing the interstices between the shots, arranged between layers of
woven materials, paper and the like substances, the whole being united together
by a binding or adhesive material substantially as described and as illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
1 1
1
MARKS CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, and 25, Cross Street, Manchester,
Agents.