Automatic Machinery for Setting-over Saw Teeth.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left. 11th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 17th Dec., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Automatic Machinery for Setting-over Saw Teeth.
We, SAMUEL INGHAM, of 76 Wellington Street, Leeds, of the firm of Illingworth
Ingham, & Co., Timber Importers, of Leeds, in the County of York, and, JOSEPH
WILLIAM HAYWOOD, of 82 Burley Lodge Road, Leeds, aforesaid, Saw Mill
Manager to the above mentioned firm, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows :—
This invention has reference to mechanism whereby the teeth of saws aro bent
over, or set, alternately, to the right and left hand; as now done by hand.
The object of the invention is to provide suitable means for automatically
accomplishing this alternate bending of the teeth, by an arrangement of mechanism
brought to bear on the teeth in a special manner, and by a special cycle of
operations.
We accomplish our object as follows, taking a straight saw for an example :—
The saw itself is mounted in guides, fore and aft, and, between these, is passed
through a vice which opens and closes-equally on each side of the centre line-at
certain intervals, by the action of a right and left handed screwed shaft. The head
of each vice-jaw forms a fulcrum, from which are suspended the main levers of the
machine; and to which are attached directly or indirectly the "teeth-setting"
cams, which alternately move across the central line of the vice.
Suitable mechanism causes a pawl to advance the saw, tooth by tooth, through
the vice, each time it opens. When the vice closes, one of the levers moves its
tooth-setting cam across the particular tooth then in front of it, and bends it to one
side, to any desired extent. This done, the vice is re-opened, and another tooth of
the saw is advanced and the vice again closed, whereupon the opposite lever moves
its tooth-setting cam across the tooth in question which it bends in a direction
opposite to the previous one ;-and so on, alternately, tooth by tooth.
The remainder of the mechanism is subservient to what has been described.
The two main levers are arranged with their tail-ends inside a reciprocating frame,
at the ends of which frame are adjusting pieces, so that either of the teeth-setters
can be adjusted independently of the other. This reciprocating frame is driven, at
the required speed and time, by a neighbouring crank and rod arranged at the end
of a shaft parallel with the saw. The shaft of this crank is in its turn driven by a
cross shaft (at right angles to the line of saw-teeth) which is revolved by any
suitable driving mechanism. On this latter shaft is mounted (1) a cam which
actuates the right and left handed screwed shaft used for opening and shutting the
vice, and (2) a crank pin for working the pawl for feeding the saw teeth forward.
The vice heads having to form the fulcra for the main levers, require to be securely
held, and to this end their bases are extended and caused to slide, whilst firmly
held down, in a prepared part of the foundation plate. Throughout the machine
proper provision is made for making the requisite adjustments.
The cycle of operations peculiar to the machine as follows: (1) The pawl
advances a tooth; (2) the vice closes; (3) a tooth-setter bends a tooth (say to the
right hand); (4) the vice opens; (5) the pawl advances another tooth; (6) the
vice. closes; (7) the opposite tooth-setter bends a tooth to the left hand; and
(8) the vice opens :-and so on, to (1) again.
In dealing with a circular saw, its centre may be mounted on an overhead axis,
and a special arrangement of feeding pawl, and special tooth-setters are arranged

page_text: to deal with the work which is now, in a manner, upside down, but the underlying
principle is the same.
Dated this 11th day of February 1892.
WM. SNOWDON,
9, Old Bank Chambers, Leeds, Yorks., Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Automatic Machinery for Setting-over Saw Teeth.
We, SAMUEL INGHAM, of 76 Wellington Street, Leeds, of the firm of Illingworth,
Ingham & Co., Timber Importers, of Leeds, in the County of York, and JOSEPH
WILLIAM HAYWOOD of 82, Burley Lodge Road, Leeds, aforesaid, Saw Mill
Manager, to the above mentioned firm, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to mechanism whereby the teeth of saws are bent
over, or set, alternately, to the right and left hand, as now done by hand.
The object of the invention is to provide suitable means for automatically
accomplishing this alternate bending of the teeth, by an arrangement of mechanism
brought to bear on the teeth in a special manner, and by a special cycle of
operations.
In order to fully describe our invention we have annexed a drawing on which
Fig. 1 is a general plan of a machine arranged to carry the same into effect, as
far as band saws and the like are concerned.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation; and Fig. 3 is a portion of a corresponding section on
the line U, V.
Fig. 4 is a front sectional elevation on the line W, X; and Fig. 5 a corresponding
section on the line Y, Z.
Figs. 6, 7 & 8 are enlarged front elevations of the "teeth-setters."
Figs. 9 and 10 are respectively portions of side and front elevations, showing n
mode of dealing with circular saws. The same letters refer to the same parts or
their equivalents in all the figs., and the arrows show the direction of revolution, etc.
We accomplish our object as follows, taking a straight saw for an example
The saw itself A is mounted in guides B₁ & B³, (adjustable for height) fore, and
aft, and between these, is passed through a vice which opens and closes-equally
on each side of the centre line-at certain intervals, by the action of a right and
left hand screwed shaft D. The head of each vice-jaw, C₁ & C, forms a fulcrum
from which are suspended the main levers E' & E of the machine; and to which
are attached, directly or indirectly, the "teeth-setters," F¹ & F, which alternately
move across the central line of the vice.
Suitable mechanism causes a pawl G to advance the saw, tooth by tooth,
through the vice each time it opens. When the vice closes, one of the levers, say
for example E, moves its tooth-setter across the particular tooth then in front
of it, and bends it to one side to any desired extent, as shown in Fig. 6. This done
the vice is re-opened, and another tooth of the saw is advanced, and the vice
again closed, whereupon the opposite lever E' moves its tooth-setter F across
the tooth in question which it bends in a direction opposite to the previous one,
as shown in Fig. 7, and so on, alternately, tooth by tooth.
The remainder of the mechanism is subservient to what has been described.
The two main levers E' & E' are arranged with their tail-ends inside a recipro-
cating frame H, at the ends of which frame are adjusting pieces H¹ & H*, BU
that either of the teeth-setters can be adjusted (in the commencement, etc., of their
stroke) independently of the other. These levers have also projections, e¹ & e³, to
which further reference will be made. This reciprocating frame is driven at the
required speed and time by a neighbouring crank J and rod J'arranged at the end
of a shaft K parallel with the saw. The crank pin J is made adjustable in order

page_text: to vary the stroke of the frame H. The shaft K of this crank is in its turn driven
by a cross shaft L, which is revolved by any suitable driving mechanism (here shown
with a worm wheel L' and worm M, and fast and loose driving pulleys M' & M*).
On this latter shaft is mounted (1) a cam N which actuates the right and left hand,
screwed shaft used for opening and shutting the vice, and (2) a crank pin O for
working the pawl G which feeds the saw-teeth forward.
A reference to Fig. 3 shows the cam, N, which in its revolution pushes back the
head P¹ of the lever whose fulcrum is at P and whose tail P' is weighted as shown.
A rod Q connects this weighted lever with one mounted on the vice screw D before-
mentioned, so that when the cam N is out of action, as here shown, the weight
closes the vice. The ratio of the gearing between the two main shafts L and K
being 2 to 1, it follows that the vice closes with each stroke of the frame H..
When the vice is closed one or other of the teeth-setters is caused to act, and when
open the pawl advances a tooth. The feed pawl G, see Fig. 2, is hinged at the
head of a rocking lever whose fulcrum is at R, with a rod S coupling it to the crank
pin which is made adjustable with a view of varying the stroke of the feeding
pawl.
The vice heads C & C having to form the fulcra for the main levers, require to
be securely held, and to this end their bases are extended and caused to slide,
whilst firmly held down, in a prepared part of the foundation plate as shown in
Fig. 4, where d¹ & d² are the two nuts, screwed right and left, to suit the vice
screw D. Throughout the machine proper provision is made for making the
requisite adjustments.
The adjusting pieces H' & H2 on the reciprocating frame H, and certain pro-
jections e, &e (on the main levers E¹ & E³) have already been referred to. The
latter come into use as follows:-In Fig. 8 the teeth-setters are shown safely in
mid gear, and this coincides with the mid position of the levers shown in Fig. 5;
thus, before either of the tooth-setters moves up into action, the top of the
frame, H, has raised the lever against which it is advancing, by coming in contact
with its projecting portion (e¹ or e³) so as to ensure one tooth-setter being drawn
down before the other is raised.
The cycle of operations peculiar to the machine is as follows:-(1) The pawl
advances a tooth; (2) the vice closes; (3) a tooth-setter bends a tooth, say to the
right hand, as in Fig. 6; (4) the vice opens; (5) the pawl advances another tooth;
(6) the vice closes; (7) the opposite tooth-setter then bends a tooth to the left
hand, as in Fig. 7; and (8) the vice opens:-and so on, by commencing at (1).
again.
In dealing with a circular saw its centre may be mounted on an overhead axis,
and a special arrangement of feeding pawl, and special tooth-zetters are arranged
to deal with the work, which is now in a manner upside down, but the underlying
principle is the same.
In Figs. 9 & 10 a circular saw, A, is shown slung between adjustable upright
stays mounted on the vice heads C and C³, whilst the pawl G is counterweighted
to keep it in gear with the saw teeth, as shown. The action of the teeth-setters is,
of course, above the horizontal centre line, and they descend when their main
levers E&E are thrust outwards by the adjustable pins H¹ & H. The levers
fall by their weight (or assisted by springs) until their projections (e¹ & e³) rest on
the top of the frame H. Instead of this arrangement for working the levers, the
arrangement shown in Fig. 5, could be modified by crossing the levers over one
another, so as to actuate El by H³, and E by H.
The machinery is suitable for erecting on a foundation plate T, as shown, with
the cam N and crank-pins O and J arranged to work in harmony with one another.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1.) The automatic tooth-setting machinery, for straight or like saws, arranged

page_text: constructed and operated substantially in the manner described herein and shown
on the drawing.
2.) The automatic tooth-setting machinery, for circular saws, arranged constructed
and operated substantially as described herein and shown on the drawing.
3.) The form of, arrangement of, manner of mounting, and mode of operating
the tooth-setters substantially as described and shown, with the object and for the
purpose set forth.
4.) The arrangement, manner of mounting, and mode of operating the main
levers used for actuating the tooth-setters substantially as described herein and
shown on the drawing, with the object and for the purpose set forth.
5.) The combination of the right and left hand tooth-setters with the right and
left hand vice heads substantially as described and shown, with the object and for
the purpose set forth.
6.) The combination of the tooth-setters and their actuating levers, the vice
heads, and the feed pawl, arranged and geared to perform the specified cycle of
operations, substantially as described herein, with the object and for the purpose
set forth.
.
WM. SNOWDON,
9, Old Bank Chambers, Leeds, Yorks., Agent for the Applicant.