Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Jan., 1888
Specification Accepted, 2nd Mar., 1888
I, ALVAN PERRY GRANGER of the City of Denver, State of Colorado, United States
of America, Inventor do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a new form of machine for crushing ores, rock and other
material and it consists, primarily, in a rotating wheel mounted on a horizontal axis
and having depressions in its periphery, combined with a crushing roller arranged to
ride upon the wheel and of suitable size to enter the depressions thereof. The inven-
tion consists, further, in means for feeding material to be crushed to the top of the
rotating wheel; in a screen or screens to receive the crushed material from the wheel
whereby that which is sufficiently fine may be separated from that which needs
to be further crushed; in a cushion for the support of the rotating wheel
and in other features of construction which are hereinafter fully set forth and
explained.
In the accompanying drawing illustrating a machine containing my invention,
Figure 1 is a side elevation.
Figure 2 is a central vertical section taken through the operative parts of the
machine upon line x-x of Figure 3.
Figure 3 is a central vertical section taken upon line - of Figure 2 but showing
the several shafts and pulleys in full view.
Figure 4 is a detail sectional view taken upon line y-y of Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a detail sectional plan view taken upon line of Figure 1.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of one of the flanged sleeves shown in Figures 2
and 3 as surrounding the shaft by which the peripherally recessed or corrugated wheel
is supported.
A represents a heavy revolving wheel or casting denominated herein a "mortar
wheel," said mortar wheel being mounted on a horizontal axis and provided in its
periphery with transverse depressions N and intervening elevations N which may be
of any desired number, four of each being shown in the drawing. The bottoms of the
depressions N are curved, as indicated. B is a crushing roller located over the mortar
wheel and laterally sustained in such manner as to rest or ride upon the corrugated or
undulating periphery of said wheel, and of suitable diameter to enter the concavities

page_text: or depressions in the periphery thereof.. A¹ is a horizontal shaft of the wheel A
extending at its ends beyond the sides of the wheel to form trunnions which have
bearings in the frame C of the machine. A2 A2 are flanges on opposite sides or ends
of the mortar wheel extending outwardly beyond its corrugated periphery, so as to
form a continuous trough or channel extending around the wheel within which the
crushing roller B travels as the mortar wheel is rotated beneath it. Said flanges A²,
as herein shown and as preferably made, are formed separately from the mortar wheel A
by a series of plates A³ attached to the wheel by any suitable means, as bolts or screws.
One end of the shaft A¹ is provided with means for rotating the mortar wheel, such
means in this instance consisting of a spur wheel A¹ interineshing with a pinion J¹ on
a counter-shaft J which has at its opposite end a pulley J2 to receive a belt from any
suitable prime motor.
The crushing roller B is made of suitable length to freely enter between the
flanges A2 A2 and is held in place upon the mortar wheel by any suitable devices
adapted to permit a free movement of said roller towards and from the center of the
wheel, the devices herein shown for this purpose. consisting of two arms or radius-
bars B2 which are pivoted at one of their extremities to arms C of the frame C
and are provided at their opposite free ends with bearings for the trunnions B' of
the roller B.
The peripheral surface of the crushing roller B and that of the mortar wheel, or such
portions thereof as are exposed to the most severe wear, will usually be chilled or made
specially hard, for greater durability.
The means herein shown for delivering the material to be crushed upon the upper
part of the mortar wheel consists of an endless-belt elevator D. Said elevator
comprises a belt D¹ provided with a series of buckets D2 and trained around support-
ing pulleys D and D* located respectively below and above the mortar wheel. The
belt pulleys D³ D' are so arranged with reference to the mortar wheel that the
elevator belt D is deflected thereby, and the buckets drawn or made to rest
against the periphery of said wheel at the rising side of the latter. The buckets D³ are
spaced at such distances apart that each bucket will enter one of the depressions of the
wheel as the belt and wheel move upwardly together. As a preferred means of
actuating the belt the latter is engaged with the mortar wheel, to which end the belt
is shown provided between the buckets with transverse bars d which project at their
ends beyond the side margins of the belt and are fitted to engage notches or recesses a
formed in the inner surfaces of the flanges A2 of the mortar wheel. The cross bars d
and the notches a are so disposed relatively the depressions of the mortar wheel and
the buckets D2 upon the belt, that the buckets come opposite and rest within the said
depressions as the belt passes upward with the rising side of the mortar wheel. The
buckets D2 have flat or nearly flat bottoms d' arranged approximately at right angles
with the surface of the belt D¹ and are provided with side pieces d² extending from
the edges of the bottoms d¹ to the side margins of the belt. When the belt is made of
leather, rubber or other flexible material, the buckets are desirably made with stiff
back pieces or walls d³ curved to correspond with the curvature of the supporting
pulleys D³ D*.
The buckets above described are obviously adapted to receive and hold the material
of themselves only when below the mortar wheel, for in this position only are their
bottoms d' inclined downwardly toward the belt. When the buckets are in contact
with the wheel, the material is retained in part by the surface of the wheel and when
the buckets successively leave the wheel their contents are discharged into the depres-
sions of the latter which, owing to the position of the wheel at this point of separation
from the buckets, sufficiently retains the material until it has passed on to the crushing
roller. Inasmuch as each bucket enters and remains in one of the depressions of the
mortar wheel, the material will obviously be deposited in the said depressions by the
several buckets. The free or outer edges of the buckets are shown in the drawing as
inclined downward by their contact with the mortar wheel, which position of the
buckets obviously favors the prompt discharge of the material when the buckets reach
the top of the wheel. In practice, however, the buckets may remain at right angles

page_text: with the belt or may be more or less inclined than shown, according to the particular
form of the mortar wheel or the relative sizes of the other parts.
To ensure that the belt D¹ and buckets shall remain in proper position laterally with
relation to the mortar wheel, the notches a a of the wheel flanges A² A² are formed
in the inner faces of the flanges so as to have end walls or stops a' against which the
end faces of the cross bars d upon the belt may abut, the inner surfaces of said end
walls or stops a' being preferably made outwardly inclined or flaring, as shown more
clearly in Figure 4, so as to direct or guide the said cross-bars into the proper position
as they enter the notches a. In the particular construction shown, the notches or
recesses a are formed partially in the body of the flanges A2 and partially by ribs a²
cast upon the inner faces of the said flanges, but these parts may be made otherwise
in practice as may be found desirable. The inner faces of the flanges A² between
the notches a are preferably bevelled, as indicated at at, to guide the roller B to its
place, in case said roller is lifted upwardly and sidewise by exceptionally large or
hard lumps of material being crushed; the advanced ends of the ribs a² being also
bevelled or inclined, as indicated at a³, to prevent the roller from striking and catching
upon the ends of said ribs under such circumstances.
The downwardly moving part of the elevator belt, deflected as above described, may
be held free from the upwardly moving portion thereof by any suitably arranged guide
or guides. As herein shown a stationary curved guide G is employed for this purpose,
said guide consisting of a curved plate extending between and attached at its edges
to the opposite side pieces of the frame C.
So far as the operation of the belt elevator alone is concerned, the material may be
fed to the lower end of said elevator in any manner found desirable. I have shown
at the lower end of the elevator a pocket or shoe H surrounding the pulley D³ and
provided with a cylindric lower wall h curved concentrically with the axis of said
pulley and arranged for the passage of the outer edges of the buckets D² in close
proximity to it in their movement around the pulley, so that said buckets will scoop up
the material delivered into said shoe.
E is an inclined chute, here shown as extending from a point near the level of the
mortar wheel axis on the descending side of said wheel to a point beneath the mortar
wheel and above the shoe H. The chute E has at its lower end a delivery spout E'
arranged to discharge externally to the shoe H. Over the bottom E of the chute E,
and at a little distance therefrom, is placed one or more screens F F' continued over
the delivery spout E' so that the material which is not properly reduced and does not.
pass through said screen or screens to the chute bottom E₁ shall drop into the shoe H
to be again raised and crushed while the material which doos pass through the screen
or screens may escape through the delivery spout E¹. The chute E may desirably
form a hopper into which the coarse material to be crushed may be fed by hand or
otherwise, and to this end it is shown widened at the top like a. hopper. The chute
may, for certain purposes of my invention, be stationary, but as a separate improve-
ment it is preferably pivoted at its upper end and is vibrated at its lower end. As
means for this purpose, E' E' (Figures 1 and 3) represent arms attached to the
frame Cand e e indicate pivot bolts which pass through the side boards E3 of the
chute and the arms E³, forming pivotal supports for the upper end of the chute E.
The transverse, rotating, driving shaft J is provided with ribs or cams I which strike
projections e e¹ at the lower ends of the side boards E3 and thus operate to shake or
jar the chute and screens so as to facilitate the passage of material through the
screens and along said screens and the chute bottom. E (Figures 2 and 5) is an
nclined deflector placed in the open mouth of the chute E for the purpose of throwing
he material which is delivered into the chute towards the upper end of the screen or
creens, and said deflector is desirably extended as near as possible to the peripheral
urface of the mortar wheel.
Power being applied to drive the machine and material being supplied thereto, the
peration will manifestly be as follows: The material to be crushed will be delivered
pon the top of the mortar wheel by the elevator, and, in its progress with the upper
urface of the wheel, upon which it rests, it will be carried beneath the roller B and

page_text: be crushed thereby. Passing onward with the travelling surface of the wheel,
the crushed material will fall therefrom upon the screen through which the
sufficiently reduced portion thereof will pass, while the portion not sufficiently
reduced will roll down upon the screen and fall therefrom into the shoe H, whence
it will be again raised by the elevator to the top of the wheel to be again acted upon
by the crushing roller B. If the speed of the mortar wheel be sufficient, the roller B
will be made to fall by gravity and with great force into the depressions of the wheel
so that the crushing action will be augmented. Such a speed of the mortar wheel and
such pounding action of the crushing roller is contemplated as calculated to produce
the best results in operating upon most ores and many other materials.
A is a central opening in the mortar wheel larger in diameter than the shaft A'
and provided upon its inner face with several inwardly projecting ribs a parallel with
the axis of the shaft and said shaft is also provided with a series of outwardly pro-
jecting longitudinal ribs 1, herein shown as cast on separate sleeves L which are keyed
to the shaft A. In the annular space formed between the shaft, or between the
sleeves L and the boundary of the central opening A in the mortar wheel, a cushion
or filling M of rubber or other elastic or yielding material is placed, such cushion
serving to relieve the frame of the machine and the connected parts from the shocks
caused by the action of the crushing roller B. The ribs are made to extend into the
spaces between the ribs a³ so that the wheel is prevented from turning upon the shaft
by the presence of the filling M. between said ribs. The cushion M may be formed of
separate blocks of rubber cach occupying the space between one of the ribs a³ and an
adjacent rib . The sleeves L are, as shown and as preferably constructed, provided
with outwardly extending annular flanges L' for the purpose of covering and holding
the cushion or parts of the cushion M from displacement. Instead of employing two
sleeves as is obviously desirable for mechanical reasons, a single sleeve L may be made
to extend entirely through the mortar wheel, and other changes in the details of the
cushioning device or in its location, as, for example, placing it between the trunnion
bearings and the frame C instead of between the shaft and the wheel, may be adopted
without departure from my invention.
While the elevating device here shown has advantages over other forms of feeding
mechanism which I have employed, I do not wish to be limited in my general claims
to the particular construction of the clevator as here shown, nor, generally, do I
wish to be restricted to other details of construction herein shown and described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what. I
claim is :-
:-
1 The combination with a rotating wheel mounted on a horizontal axis and having
peripheral depressions, of a vertically movable crushing roller arranged above said
wheel and fitted to enter the depression thereof.
2 The combination of a wheel, mounted to rotate on a horizontal axis and pro-
vided with a succession of peripheral depressions and elevations and with side flanges
forming a peripheral trough, and a vertically movable roller arranged to ride upon
the wheel and to enter the peripheral depressions thereof between the flanges.
3-The combination of a rotating wheel having a horizontal axis and provided
with peripheral depressions, a crushing roller riding said wheel and an elevator
mechanism to raise material to be crushed to the top of the wheel.
4 The combination of a rotating wheel having a horizontal axis and provided
with peripheral depressions, a crushing roller riding said wheel and a screen arrange
at the descending side of the wheel in position to receive the material crushed thereon.
5: The combination of a rotating wheel mounted on a horizontal axis and having
peripheral depressions, a crushing roller arranged to ride on top of said wheel, an
elevator and a screen arranged to deliver the insufficiently crushed material to the
elevator.
6: The combination of a rotating wheel having a horizontal axial shaft and
peripheral depressions, a crushing roller arranged to ride the periphery of the wheel

page_text: and a cushion or cushions supporting the rotating wheel adapted to relieve the shock
of the crushing roller.
7: The combination with a rotating "mortar" wheel mounted on a horizonial axis
and a crusher arranged above the wheel, of an elevator comprising a belt with buckets
thereon, and supporting pulleys arranged to guide the buckets in contact with the
ascending side of the mortar wheel.
"
8-The combination with a rotating "mortar wheel mounted on a horizontal
axis and a crusher arranged above the wheel, of an elevator belt provided with
buckets spaced to correspond with the depressions of the mortar wheel and sup-
ported in contact with the wheel, the belt being actuated by engagement with the
wheel.