IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MONO-CALCIC PHOSPHATE
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Whitthread, of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Analytical Chemist, for the Invention of
"TERRANN MAN OF MONO-GALGIA
"
Sealed the 9th December 1875, and dated the 2nd July 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Whitthread at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 2nd July 1875.
I, WILLIAM WHITTHREAD, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Analytical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MONO-CALCIC PHOSPHATE," to be as
follows:-
-
My Invention relates to the production of more or less pure mono-
calcic phosphate.
I take any kind of phosphate of lime, either of animal or mineral
origin, or artificially prepared, the last preferred, which is soluble in
hydrochloric acid, preferring low qualities, and those which contain it

page_text: may be with other matters, carbonate of lime, and digest the phosphate
of lime in strong hydrochloric acid, generally with the application of a
gentle heat until the hydrochloric acid is fully saturated with the phos-
phate of lime. To the acid solution, usually in another vessel, and upon
application of a gentle heat, I add carbonate of lime or such minerals as
contain carbonate and phosphate of lime, and digest, usually continuing
the heat as long as carbonic acid is evolved. The mass is allowed to
settlo, and the clear solution or fluid is removed to a suitable vessel,
where the mono-calcic phosphate will, during and after cooling,
crystalize out from the solution. Neither the hydrochloric acid, nor
the solution in the same must be diluted in carrying my Invention
into practice.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Whitthread in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 1st January 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
WHITTHREAD, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Analytical
Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Whitthread, Her special
licence that I, the said William Whitthread, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Whitthread, my exc.
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the termi
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MONO-CALCIC PHOSPHATE," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Whitthread, my executors,
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was

page_text: to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Whitthread, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the production of more or less pure mono-
calcic phosphate.
I take any kind of phosphate of lime, either of animal or mineral
origin, or artificially prepared, the last preferred, which is soluble in
hydrochloric acid, preferring low qualities and those which contain it
may be with other matters, carbonate of lime, and digest the phosphate
of lime in strong hydrochloric acid, generally with the application of a
gentle heat, until the hydrochloric acid is fully saturated with the phos-
phate of lime. To the acid solution, usually in another vessel, and
upon application of a gentle heat, I add carbonate of lime or such
minerals as contain carbonate and phosphate of lime, and digest, usually
continuing the heat as long as carbonic acid is evolved. The mass is
allowed to settle, and the clear solution or fluid is removed to a suitable
vessel, where the mono-calcic phosphate will, during and after cooling,
crystalize out from the solution. Neither the hydrochloric acid nor the
solution in the same must be diluted in carrying my Invention into
practice.
In carrying my Invention into use I proceed under one modification
in manner following:-I bring phosphate of lime and strong hydro-
chloric acid into contact in any suitable vessel. If the phosphate be of
mineral origin it should be broken into pieces about the size of macadam
road metal; if bones are used they may be taken without breaking; if
an artificial phosphate in powder is used it should be added gradually
to the hydrochloric acid. The temperature of the hydrochloric acid or
of the mixed mass should be maintained at about or over 100° Fahren-
heit, but for efficient action the temperature should be maintained so as
to freely allow of the escape of the whole of the carbonic acid gas
generated during the saturation. The saturated acid, saturated as
regards phosphate of lime, I mean, is allowed to settle until it becomes
moderately clear. It is then drawn into another vessel, and carbonate

page_text: of lime or a mineral containing carbonate of lime added in large pieces,
such as one man can freely handle. Both before and during the addition
of the carbonate of lime heat is applied so as to promote the free escape
of the carbonic acid gas generated. When the evolution of carbonic
acid gas ceases I discontinue adding carbonate of lime, and then allow
the liquor to settle. The clear or moderately clear liquor is now with-
drawn into a third vessel, where during and upon cooling the mono-
calcic phosphate will crystalize out.
It will be obvious that the quantity of phosphate of lime added to the
hydrochloric acid will vary with the richness and character of such
phosphate, and that the quantity of carbonate of lime or mineral con-
taining carbonate of lime will also vary. The test in both cases, and
particularly in reference to the carbonate of lime, temperature having
attention as mentioned, is the cessation of evolution of carbonic acid
gas. It will also be obvious that the number of times the liquor is
drawn from one vessel to another may be varied.
Having now described the nature of my said improvements, and par-
ticularized the same in such manner that others will be enabled to carry
them into practice, I claim, the production of mono-calcic phosphate by
bringing hydrochloric acid and phosphate of lime together, subsequently
in adding thereto carbonate of lime or a mineral containing carbonate of
lime, and finally allowing crystallization, all substantially in the
manner and under the guiding limitations herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Whitthread, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Thirtieth day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-five.
In the presence of,
JAMES JOHNSON,
Patent Office,
4, Clayton Square,
Liverpool,
W. WHITTHREAD. (L.S.)