IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS AND CIRCUIT CONNECTIONS AND APPARATUS FOR THE SAME
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Hochhausen of the City and State of New
York United States of America Electrician for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Hochhausen at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd April 1883.
WILLIAM HOCHHAUSEN of the City and State of New York, United States
of America, Electrician "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS AND CIRCUIT
CONNECTIONS AND APPARATUS FOR THE SAME
"
In my improved electric lamp I make use of two helices, one in the main circuit
through the carbons and the other in a shunt, and there are solenoid cores to these,
and the core of the helix in the main circuit is weighted, so that it falls if the
current through the carbons is interrupted by accident such as the breaking of the
carbon, in which instance the mechanism holding up the carbon is liberated and
the upper carbon descends to the lower carbon.
When in a normal working condition the weighted solenoid is held up in a fixed
position and the regulation of the arc is effected by the variations of current
passing through the shunt helix.
The carbon holder is provided with a row of rack teeth acted upon by a pinion.
There are gear wheels, a ratchet wheel and pawl to allow the carbon holder to
be pushed up, but to cause the gearing to sustain the same, and to turn by and
with the carbon holder and carbon as they are allowed to descend, there is an
escapement wheel and an anchor or pallets that are vibrated as the carbon holder
descends, and hence the movement is gradual, when controlled by such vibrator.
The frame for the gearing is adapted to move up and down by and with a
lever and the gearing is carried with it; when the weighted solenoid rests on the
lever that moves the frame, the frame and gearing are raised; when the weighted
solenoid is lifted the lever and frame are under the control of the solenoid of the
shunt helix the core of such solenoid being connected to the frame. There is an
arm extending from the pallets that is received into one of a row of notches upon
a lever. As the distance between the carbon points increases the strength of the
shunt magnet increases and the solenoid core draws down the lever and liberates
the arm of the pallets and these vibrate and lower the carbon, and the frame
instantly rises by the decrease of magnetism in the shunt helix. This takes place
from time to time, the carbon being fed down with the greatest precision and the
are being maintained between the carbons of the required length. If now the feed

page_text: should not be sufficiently fast and the shunt solenoid magnet is powerfully
energised, or the current ceases through the main circuit and the weighted solenoid
falls, the frame and shunt solenoid core descend and the pallets are moved back
from the escapement wheel and the carbon runs down by gravity turning the
wheels until the current through the carbons is re-established when the parts
resume their normal positions for regulation during the consumption of the carbon..
A case with swinging doors surrounds the regulating parts and the insulated
conductors extend to insulated bars within the case. The side rods supporting the
lower carbon are themselves covered with insulated enamel; one of them is
connected in the electric circuit; the carbon holders are also in the circuit.
The wires to the helices are connected within the case. There is a switch within
the case by means of which the lamp can be short circuited and extinguished.
There is a hanging armature in the magnetic influence of the shunt helix so as to
be attracted when the current is very strong in such helix; this armature hangs
on a switch and when the current through the carbons is interrupted, the weighted
solenoid falls and blocks the switch and short circuits the lamp.
In lamps where two carbons are made use of the second carbon is held up by a
lever and a pin.
When the first carbon has nearly been consumed a pin in the carbon holding rod
trips the said lever, disconnecting the second carbon holder and allowing it to come
into action the same as the first one, there being a second set of wheels, pinions,
escapements, and pallets to act with the second carbon. I also provide springs
and adjusting devices to cause the frame and gearing to be nearly balanced. The
carbon holders are provided with clamps for the carbon and the glass globe and its
holding device are removable from the bottom of the electric lamp. The entire
lamp is suspended from a ceiling plate or cap piece, and the circuit connections
are made by pins that come into contact with springs in such a manner that as
the lamp is turned to lock it into place the current is directed through the
conductors of the lamp, and when the lamp is turned to unlock it for removal, the
ends of the line are connected, so that the current may continue without interruption
on the line; the devices being automatic and operated in the act of hanging and
removing the lamp.
If the carbon holder should become obstructed and not slide down freely the
current through the carbons will lessen, and the weight and solenoid core aforesaid
will fall, or else the current through the shunt helix will increase and move its
solenoid core.
The movement in either case causes a latch to close a shunt circuit
containing a helix and the magnetism operates a switch circuit closer that short.
circuits the carbons and causes the current to pass freely, so as not to interfere
with other lamps in the circuit. If the carbon holder becomes liberated and
slides down so that the circuit through the carbons is re-established a portion of
the electric current goes through the carbons and through an electro magnet which
operates upon a hammer to knock apart the switch circuit closer, and causes
the lamp to resume its normal functions.
Three or more carbons may be brought into action successively by devices similar
to those described for bringing into action the second carbon.
In many places the circuit going to the lamp or lamps, requires to be interrupted
without disturbing the main circuit. For instance the conductors running through
the street are turned into a building and it is necessary to maintain the street
circuit when the house branch is cut off. I effect this by a circular switch with
segmental conducting plates; these plates when in one position connect the main
wires in the street with the branch wires, and when turned to the other position
the aforesaid branch circuit is broken and the line or main street wire is made
continuous electrically by the ends being united by one of said segmental conducting
plates
י

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Hochhausen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd October 1883.
WILLIAM HOCHHAUSEN, of the City and State of New York, United States
of America, Electrician " IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS AND CIRCUIT
CONNECTIONS AND APPARATUS FOR THE SAME
"
In my improved electric lamp I make use of two helices, one in the main circuit
through the carbons and the other in a shunt and there are solenoid cores to these,
and the core of the helix in the main circuit is weighted so that it falls if the
current through the carbon is interrupted by accident such as the breaking of the
carbon, in which instance the mechanism holding up the carbon is liberated and
the upper carbon descends to the lower carbon. When in a normal working
condition the weighted solenoid is held up in a fixed position and the regulation
of the arc is effected by the variations of current passing through the shunt helix.
The carbon holder is provided with a row of rack teeth acted upon by a pinion.
There are gear wheels, a ratchet wheel and pawl to allow the carbon holder to be
pushed up, but to cause the gearing to sustain the same and to turn by and with
the carbon holder and carbon as they are allowed to descend. There is an escape-
ment wheel and an anchor or pallets that are vibrated as the carbon holder descends
and hence the movement is gradual when controlled by such vibrator.
The frame for the gearing is adapted to move up and down by and with a lever.
and the gearing is carried with it. When the weighted solenoid rests on the lever
that moves the frame, the frame and gearing are raised; when the weigted
solenoid is lifted the lever and frame are under the control of the solenoid of the
shunt helix the core of such solenoid being connected to the frame. There is an
arm extending from the pallets that is received into one of a row of notches upon a
lever. As the distance between the carbon points increases, the strength of the
shunt magnet increases and the solenoid core draws down the lever and liberates
the arm of the pallets and these vibrate and lower the carbon and the frame
instantly rises by the decrease of magnetism in the shunt helix. This takes place
from time to time the carbon being fed down with the greatest precision and the
arc being maintained between the carbons of the required length. If now the feed
should not be sufficiently fast and the shunt solenoid magnet is powerfully energised
or the current ceases through the main circuit and the weighted solenoid falls, the
frame and shunt solenoid core descend and the pallets are moved back from the
escapement wheel and the carbon runs down by gravity turning the wheels until
the current through the carbons is reestablished when the parts resume their normal
positions for regulation during the consumption of the carbon.
A case with swinging doors surrounds the regulating parts and the insulated
conductors extend to insulated bars within the case-The side rods supporting
the lower carbon are themselves covered with insulating enamel; one of
them is connected in the electric circuit,, the carbon holders are also in the
circuit. The wires to the helices are connected within the case. There is a
switch within the case by means of which the lamp can be short circuited and
extinguished. There is a hanging armature in the magnetic influence of the shunt
helix so as to be attracted when the current is very strong in such helix; this
armature acts on a switch and when the current through the carbons is
interrupted the weighted solenoid falls and blocks the switch and short circuits the
lamp.
In lamps where two carbons are made use of the second carbon is held up by.

page_text: a lever and a pin. When the first carbon has nearly been consumed, a pin in the
carbon holding rod trips the said lever disconnecting the second carbon holder and
allowing it to come into action the same as the first one there being a second set of
wheels, pinions, escapements and pallets to act with the second carbon-I also
provide springs and adjusting devices to cause the frame and gearing to be nearly
balanced. The carbon holders are provided with clamps for the carbon and the
glass globe and its holding devices are removable from the bottom of the electric
lamp. The entire lamp is suspended from a ceiling plate or cap piece and the
circuit connections are made by pins that come into contact with springs in such a
manner that as the lamp is turned to lock it into place the current is directed
through the conductors of the lamp and when the lamp is turned to unlock it for
removal the ends of the line are connected so that the current may continue without
interruption on the line, the devices being automatic and operated in the act of
hanging and removing the lamp.
If the carbon holder should become obstructed and not slide down freely the
currents through the carbons will lessen and the weight and solenoid core aforesaid
will fall, or else the current through the shunt helix will increase and move its
solenoid core--The movement in either case causes a latch to close a shunt circuit
containing a helix and the magnetism operates a switch circuit closer that short
circuits the carbons and causes the current to pass freely so as not to interfere with
other lamps in the circuit. If the carbon holder becomes liberated and slides down
so that the circuit through the carbons is reestablished a portion of the electric
current goes' through the carbons and through an electro magnet which operates
upon a hammer to knock apart the switch circuit closer and causes the lamp to
resume its normal functions.
Three or more carbons may be brought into action successively by devices
similar to those described for bringing into action the second carbon.
In many places the circuit going to the lamp or lamps requires to be interrupted
without disturbing the main circuit-For instance the conductors running through
the street are turned into a building and it is necessary to maintain the street
circuit when the house branch is cut off. I effect this by a circular switch with
segmental conducting plates, these plates when in one position connect the main
wires in the street with the branch wires, and when turned to the other position
the aforesaid branch circuit is broken and the line or main street wire is made
continuous electrically by the ends being united by one of said segmental
conducting plates.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a side view of a double electric lamp embodying my invention
Figure 2 is an elevation of the same sidewise of the lever.
Figure 3. is a vertical central section on the line y. y of figure 1.
Figure 4 is a detached view of the feed regulating train of wheels.
Figures 5 and 6 show in detail the releasing devices for said train
Figures 7 and 8 show in detail the intermediate locking and releasing catch
between the two carbon carriers.
Figure 9 illustrates the circuits of the lamp
Figure 10 is a section of the ceiling plate and devices for suspending the lamp.
Figure 11 is an inverted plan at the line x x of figure 10
Figure 12 is an inverted plan at the line z. z of figure 10 of the top plate of a
lamp adapted to a single carbon..
Figure 13 is an elevation partly in section of the lower part of the lamp showing
the device for holding the glass globe
Figure 14 is a diagram representing the automatic cut out for the lamp, and
Figure 15 is an elevation of the device for connecting or disconnecting the house
and street wires.
A A' indicate respectively the top and bottom plates of the lamp between which
is placed a frame or casing E between which the magnets and other working parts
of the lamp are supported.

page_text: C. C. indicates the main circuit magnet and D. D. the derived circuit magnet,
the former having movable cores connected by a cross piece L which latter when
there is no current passing through the carbons rests upon the end of lever G see
fig. 3. This lever G carries the feed regulating trains of wheels for the two carbon
carriers B. B. The cores of the derived circuit magnet D are connected by a cross
piece L' hung by links from the end of lever G. A counterweight G³ attached to
the lever acts in opposition to the attraction of magnets D. D. The weight of the
main magnet cores and cross piece L is however sufficient to overcome weight G³
and to hold the end of lever G down when no current is passing so that the
carbons may come freely together. When the current passes the cores and cross
bar L. are raised by magnet C. Cand are held up out of connection with lever G so
that the latter is operated to produce the proper movements of the feed regulating
mechanism by the derived circuit magnet only.-The lever G is pivoted at f
figures 2 & 4 in suitable brackets supported in frame or case E, and carries a
frame G that supports one or more feed regulating trains of wheels with their
ordinary escapements and detents, one train being provided for each carbon carrier;
I have shown two carbon carriers B and B².
The frame G is pivoted in lever G at G8 and is provided with a depending
piece which works in a mortice in the lower plate A'. By this means a straight
up and down movement of frame G is secured. Each train consists of the pinion a
gearing with a rack upon the carbon carrier and a wheel b connected with a pinion
upon the shaft of the escapement wheel c. The escapement pallets d of each train
are provided with the vibrating fly e and the arbor of the pallet is received at one
end in the short arm of the lever k supported by frame G the long horizontal end
of which lever forms a weight so as to normally hold the pallets in engagement
with the escapement wheels. The other end of the arbor of the pallets passes into
a hole in a portion of the frame G*.
A pin m in the lever k is arranged to come into contact with lever G and throw
the pallets out of engagement with the escapement wheel whenever the attraction
of magnet D. becomes sufficiently strong to pull down the end of lever G into the
position shown in figure 6. When this occurs the carbon carrier can drop freely;
the detent for the fly e is indicated at fe and consists of a toothed lever pivoted at
one end to the top of frame G and resting at the other end by an adjustable screw
on a support h. When the counterbalance G raises frame G the fly e comes into
engagement with the detent f* and prevents the descent of the carbon carrier as
seen in figure 5. When however, the attraction of the derived circuit magnet D
prevails, the frame G' and fly e are drawn down and the detent disengaged from
the fly and the carbon carrier is permitted to feed. Each carbon carrier is
provided with its own train of wheels terminating in the fly e and a detent f, and
the feed of either carbon carrier is produced by gravity and regulated by its own
feed regulating train and detent working in conjunction with the magnet system.
In order to hold one carbon carrier out of action, while the other is feeding,
I provide a detent or catch K. figures 3. 7 & 8 consisting of an elbow shaped lever
pivoted on a projection secured to the upper end of frame G. The vertical end of
the lever k is arranged to catch under a pin r. projecting from carbon carrier B' so
as to prevent said carrier from feeding downward while carrier B is in action. The
horizontal end of lever k is arranged in the path of a pin s projecting from carbon
carrier B as shown in figures 7 and 8. Pin r is so placed on the carrier B2 as to
hold the carbons out of contact after a new carbon has been inserted. Pin s is
arranged on carbon carrier B so as to strike the horizontal end of lever k when the
carbon of carrier B is wholly or nearly consumed; a spring or weight tends to hold"
the lever k in engagement with pin r. The general circuits and connections of the
lamp are as follows: Es indicates a plate of metal supported from an insulating
plate E.. The positive conducting wire H³ passes through the top of the lamp and
into said plate being secured therein by a set screw E³ figure 2. The plate E³
carries conducting springs E* bearing upon the sides of the carbon carriers so as to

page_text: `make good connection between the positive wire, the two carbon carriers and the
upper carbon.
A conducting rod F' is clamped at its upper end in the plate E and is secured
therein by a clamp screw E. Its lower end rests in an insulated conducting plate
or block F. A similar conducting rod F³ see figures 1 and 9 is secured at its upper
end in a plate F also secured to insulating plate E³ and disconnected from
plate E³.
The negative conducting wire H³ is inserted into plate F or secured therein in
any suitable manner. The lower end of rod F³ rests in a conducting block F³ to
which is secured a spring W whose free end can be forced into contact with
block F by a cam piece W* so as to switch the lamp out of circuit. The derived
circuit magnet D is placed in circuit between rods F2 and F3 one terminal of said
magnet being connected to a binding post n clamped to rod F", its other terminal
being connected to a binding post p. clamped to rod F. The circuit from the
lower carbons is through a side rod H' of the lamp as usual. Into the rod H* is
secured a binding post H. from which a wire 5 leads to magnet C. The other
terminal of said magnet is connected to rod F and the negative wire H³ through
binding post p. By this arrangement the magnet D is placed in a derived circuit
around the carbons and the magnet C is in the main circuit with the set of carbons
that is for the time being in action.
A preferred form of cut-out for this lamp is constructed as follows:
Mindicates a plate of iron pivoted in posts N facing the side of magnet D.
Projecting from the upper end of the plate is a copper strip or spring M³ arranged
in the path of a projection W5 secured to the cross piece L so that when the
plate M is attracted by magnet D. thus swinging the spring M² to the left (figure 2)
the projection W will if allowed to drop, strike said spring and force it into
contact with rod F2 or with some other portion of the frame of the lamp. The
lower end of the copper strip M2 is bent around the lower edge of plate M and
when said plate is drawn forward by magnet D. makes contact with a projection R
from a block which is mounted on an insulating plate R2 and is connected by
wire 7 with binding post H. The plate M is connected through one of its posts N
with rod F by a clamp N' which clamps post N and rod F³.
To assist in making good connection copper plates N*, figures 1 and 2. are
clamped beneath the posts N and bear again to the end of the spindle or rock shaft
by which M is carried and by which it is supported from post N. A cross strip N°
connects electrically the posts N so that if the connection should fail at one end, it
may be still had through the other. The operation of the cut-out device is as
follows: If during the operation of either carbon carrier the arc becomes
abnormally long, the magnet D will draw the plate M forward against the influence
of its retractor N8 which is properly adjusted for the purpose, and will cause the
plate M or the lower end of the strip M' to make contact with the stop R thus
completing a short circuit around the magnets C which circuit starting with
binding post H is through wire 7. stop R plate M post N clamp Ns to rod F³, the
swing of M brings the spring M' towards rod F'. If the current in magnet C
becomes abnormally weak the crosspiece L will fall and the projection W* will
force M into contact with rod F thus completing a short circuit around the
carbons and both magnets C. the path of such short circuit current being from H*
through F. M. M the supports N therefor, clamp N' and rod F³ and to negative
wire H³. If while the carbon is burning properly the current be shut off, the cores
of magnet C will drop as before, but spring M² being at such time in the position
shown in figure 2 will not be forced against rod F' the projection W5 being suitably
perforated to pass down over said spring. The lamp may therefore at any time be
brought into operation again. In order to automatically short circuit the lamp
when the second holder B of the carbons has fed down I provide a projection T₁
figure 3. which is arranged to come into contact with an insulating piece S
figure 3 upon the end of plate M and to cause this plate to swing and make contact
at R. The general operation of the lamp is as follows: Both carbons having been

page_text: inserted and raised to their highest points, the pin on carbon carrier B³ will
catch upon the end of lever й so that said carbon will be prevented from feeding
although its fly e may be carried out of engagement with its detent fe by the
movements of the lever G. The end of the carbon in carrier B2 is out of contact
with its lower carbon when the lamp starts into action, but the carrier B being
free the carbon of the latter will descend and come into contact with its lower
carbon so that when the weight L is removed by the cores of C being drawn
upward from the lever G the weight G will raise the frame G' thus forming the
arc. The carbon carrier B. then feeds downwardly. During this operation both
carbons are supported by the magnet system, since the lever K is supported by the
frame G and lever G.
The position of the carbon carriers with relation to the lever K is indicated
in figure 8. When the carbon in B has fed out, the pin 8 comes into contact with
the end of K and said carrier is prevented from moving downward forther. At
the same time the carrier B2 is released and its carbon feeds down into contact with
the lower carbon, the operation of lifting and feeding carrier B' then taking place
in the same manner as the lift and feed of carrier B. During this operation both
carriers are supported as before by the lever G. During the ordinary operation
of feeding the lever which supports the pallets D occupies the position which is
substantially shown in figure 5. If however the are becomes abnormally long,
lever G is thrown into the position shown in figure 6. thus removing the pallets
from the escapement and allowing the carbons to run together and reestablish the
circuit.
Connected with the lever G is a contractile spring K attached at its upper end
to a lever arm K' upon which a screw Ke acts to vary the tension of the spring.
By this means the parts can be adjusted so that the solenoid D will move the
lever G and parts carried by the same with facility when the current passing through
the shunt circuit is normal.
When the current through the helix D increases in consequence of the electric
are increasing in the main circuit the upper carbon is moved downwardly by the
increased strength of magnet D and if the carbons approach too near each other
and the electric arc is too short, the spring K* and weight G₁ act to increase the
length of arc.
I do not limit myself to any special form or construction of feed regulating devices,
since some portions of my invention may be applied to other devices designed for
producing the proper separation and feed of the carbons.
The lever K may be varied in form without departing from the invention but it
should by preference be supported on the lever G or the frame G' carried thereby,
so that the weight of both carriers shall always be upon the armature lever or other
support actuated by the magnet system of the lamp.
In some instances the electric cut out M M' may be dispensed with, because the
devices before described will allow the upper carbon to descend and reestablish the
circuit in case a piece of the carbon should break off or the circuit be otherwise
momentarily interrupted.
Three or more carbons may be brought into action successively by devices similar
to those described for bringing into action the second carbon.
In figures 10 and 12 I have represented the switch W as placed between the
plate E and the plate F the said switch W being in the form of a spring acted
upon by a cam block W' below the top plate A there being a lever handle above
the plate A by which the cam is moved. The devices shown in figures 10 and 12
are adapted to a lamp with a single carbon, B representing the upper carbon
holder.
If the carbon holder becomes obstructed and does not slide down freely the
current through the carbon will lessen and the weight L and solenoid core of the
helix C will fall or else the current through the shunt helix D will increase and
move its solenoid core L². The movement in either case gives motion to the.
circuit closer 50 see figure 14 by the latch 52. which is upon the weight L or else

page_text: upon an arm from the lever G shown by dotted lines. This circuit closer 50
coming into contact with the stop 51. closes the electric circuit from the upper
carbon holder B. by wire 53. to 50. 51. and through electro magnet 55 and wire 56.
to the negative binding post. The armature 57 is instantly attracted and the
blocks 58 and 59 are brought together so as to maintain the current from 53 to 58.
59. helix 55 and by wire 56. to the negative binding post. This gives a path
through which the current passes freely so that the interruption of the current at
the carbons does not interfere with other lamps in the circuit. The latch 52 is
only operative for a moment on the circuit closer 50 as it falls and passes by this
circuit closer 50 which is preferably pivoted to swing out of the way.
If the carbon holder becomes liberated and slides down so that the current
through the carbons is reestablished a portion of the current goes through the
carbons and through the electro magnet 60 passing by wire 61 from lower carbon
through contact blocks 62. 63 and to 60 and from that to the negative binding
post H³. The armature 65 of the magnet 60 is now attracted and by the
hammer 66 upon such armature the armature 57 of the magnet 55 is knocked
away separating the contact blocks 58 and 59-62 and 63 and breaking all these
branch circuits and allowing the current to pass through the carbons as in the
normal condition of the line.
In figure 13 the globe holder or shade for the lamp is represented. The rod H
contains the insulated conductor by which the current passing through the carbons
is returned from the lower carbon. holder H and there is a second suspending
rod H to this holder. Beneath this holder Ho there is an insulated base h³ with a
tubular centre guide for the globe holder ho to which the globe H8 is clamped by a
nut hand to washers h³. h of sheet metal; these connect the globe firmly to the
holder ho but the metal washers being saucer shaped are partially elastic and hold
the glass without risk of breaking it. The globe and holder can be removed down-
wardly from the lamp or replaced and secured by booked bayonet lock arms one of
which is shown at h¹ extending up from the globe holder so as to pass through the
notched edge of the base h³ and hook over such base when a partial rotation is
given to the globe holder.
The case is attached at its upper end to the plate A' and contains within it
the upper end of the sliding cover 7 that is flanged at to extend out over the
upper end of the glass globe. This cover can be slipped up to give access to the
carbons or holder when necessary. The suspending rods H'. H7 pass through holes
in the flange k³.
In fig 10 I have represented the means for suspending the lamp from a ceiling.―
12 is a plate of insulating material secured to the ceiling by screws 13. and
provided with a central opening for the tube or rod 14 to pass through, which rod
at its lower end is screwed unto the top plate A of the lamp.
There is a ring secured to the tube 14 that is provided with locking lugs 16 to
pass through the slots 15 that extend from the central opening in the ceiling plate.
When the lamp is to be suspended the tube is passed through the central opening
until the lugs 16 emerge from the slots above the top of the plate 12. then about a
quarter turn is given to the tube 14 which brings the projections clear of the slots
so that the tube 14 and lamp are suspended by said lugs resting upon the top of
the plate 12 as shown in fig. 10.
The ends of the main conductors 17 and 18 pass into this ceiling plate 12 and
are secured to metal blocks 19. 20 that are in an annular groove in the under side
of said plate. The blocks 19. 20 are each provided with a metal plate 21 that rests
against the hub of the ceiling plate and with springs 22 that rest against the
plate 21 when the lamp is not suspended, hence in such position the main circuit is
closed through the blocks 19. 20 and plates and springs 21 & 22. H and H³ are
the insulated positive and negative conductors respectively of the lamp, and the
upper ends of these conductors are supported in a cross piece secured to the
tube 14.
.
When the lamp is to be suspended and the locking lugs 16 have been entered

page_text: into the slots of the ceiling plate, the naked ends of the conductors occupy &
position with reference to the springs 22. 22 as indicated by dotted circles
at 23. 23 fig 11; and when the lugs 16 are above the top of the plate 12 and
turned to clear the slots as aforesaid the naked ends of the conductors H2. H³ are
brought into contact with the springs 22. 22. and separate the latter from the
plates 21. 21. and the circuit is now closed to the lamp, the current passing by 18.
20. 22. H to lamp and returns from lamp by H³. 22. 19 to 17.
1
The outer free ends of the springs 22. 22 are bent to a semi-circular form to
receive the naked ends of the conductors so as to make good electrical contact
therewith and also to prevent the conductors being turned too far.
I prefer to employ a short cylinder of insulating material 24 around the tube 14
in the opening in the ceiling plate to keep the tube 14 central.
:
The device for connecting or disconnecting the house and street conductors is
represented in fig. 15. 68 is a circular switch than can be turned by a handle and
is provided with segmental conducting plates 70. 71. These plates, when the
switch is in the position shown in fig. 15 connect the main wires H. in the street
with the branch wires H" in the house, and when the switch is turned 90° the
branch circuit is broken and the line or main street wire is made continuous
electrically by the ends being united by one of said segmental conducting plates.
70. 71. The plates being longer than the distance between the ends of the
conductor there is no place where the main circuit is broken as the switch is
rotated. The spring and roller and notched axis indicate the places at which the
switch is to be stopped. The ends of the conductors H". H are clamped in metal
blocks 1. he respectively and connected with said blocks are metal springs that
rest upon the segmental plates 70. 71.
What I claim as my invention is:
First The combination with the suitable supporting frame of the two gear
trains, each having its own detent and escapement devices, two carbon carriers,
one for each train and a governing electro magnet for actuating said frame.
Second. The combination with two carbon carriers, two feed regulating
mechanisms one for each carrier, mounted in one frame, a catch for engaging
with and preventing the movement' of one carrier, and a releasing projection
or equivalent device upon the other carrier, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
Third. The combination with two carbon carriers of an intermediate lever, one
end of which engages with a projection upon one of the carriers, and a releasing
pin or projection upon the other carrier for engaging with said lever at its opposite
end as and for the purpose described.
Fourth. The combination with two carbon carriers of the interposed bent
lever engaging with its vertical arm with one of said carriers, and having its
horizontal arm arranged in the path of a pin upon the other carrier.
Fifth. The combination with two carriers supported from an armature lever or
support, of an intermediate locking and unlocking device also supported on said
armature lever.
Sixth. The combination with the armature lever of the detent lever pivoted
thereon and the two carbon carriers.
Seventh. The combination of the lever G the feed regulating mechanism with
its independ escapement and detent, the carbon carrier, the overbalancing weight
resting on the lever when there is no current passing the main circuit magnet for
holding said weight out of action and the derived circuit magnet connected to the
lever.
Eighth. The combination of the derived circuit regulating magnet, the armature
presented to the side thereof, a stop for said armature through which the main
circuit magnet is short circuited and a spring connected to the armature, and
arranged to be forced against one of the conductors of the lamp by the weight
released by the main circuit magnet.
Ninth. The combination with the swinging armature M of the contact stop R

page_text: for the lower end thereof and the spring M' and weight L, the spring M"
being in the path of the weight normally supported by the main circuit
magnet.
Tenth. The combination of the insulating plate E³, plates E and F conducting
rod F. F³ and suitable binding posts or clamps whereby the derived circuit magnet
may be connected in circuit between said rods.
Eleventh. The combination with the two carbon carriers in a lamp of a lug or
projection F and the automatic cut out mechanism of the lamp whereby the
current is short circuited automatically when the carbon carrier has completed its
downward motion.
Twelfth. The combination of plate M conducting strip M? bent around lower
edge of said plate M, stop R and means for forcing the upper end of the strip into
contact with the rod F2 or other portion of the lamp frame, upon an abnormal
increase in the length of arc.
Tirteenth The combination of the lever G supporting the two feed regulating
trains and the two carbon carriers, the counterbalance weight G2 or its equivalent,
the derived circuit magnet D connected to said lever and the main circuit
magnet C whose cores are supported by said lever when the lamp is out of
action, but which are raised out of connection therewith when the magnet is
energized.
Feurteenth. The combination in a double carbon lamp of the feed regulating
lever G the derived circuit magnet D. D whose cores are hung from cross bar L'
and the main circuit magnets C. C whose cores are connected by cross bar L
arranged to rest loosely on the end of the lever G.
Fifteenth The ceiling plate 12 with a central opening and slots therein, in
combination with the rod or tube 14 and locking lugs 16 substantially as and for
the purposes specified.
Sixteenth. The ceiling plate 12 provided with central openings and slots, the
metal blocks 19. 20 plates 21 and springs 22 in combination with the tube 14
lugs 16 and conductors H. H³ supported by said tube, substantially as and for the
purposes specified.
Seventeenth. The rotary circuit closer 68 and contact springs between the
main line and the branch circuits in the building, as described and shown in
figure 15.
Eighteenth. The combination with the carbons in an electric lamp and the
solenoids C or D of the circuit closing devices shown in fig. 14 for establishing a
circuit of low resistance if the circuit through the carbons is interrupted and the
electro magnet 60 and hammer for breaking such circuit connections and
reestablishing the lamp in its normal condition as soon as the carbons come
together substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof I the said William Hochhausen have hereunto set my
hand and seal this twenty fifth day of September 1883 A.D.
WILLIAM HOCHHAUSEN (L.S.)
Witnesses:
CHAB H. SMITH 140 Nassau St New York
J. STAILY 140 Nassau St. New York