IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED AS A ROTARY BLOWER, EXHAUSTER, PUMP, OR POWER ENGINE, APPLICABLE ALSO TO SOME OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Philip Goldschmidt, George Hahlo, and Arnold Heussy,
of Albert Square, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED AS A ROTARY BLOWER,
EXHAUSTER, PUMP, OR POWER ENGINE, APPLICABLE ALSO TO SOME OTHER
PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Philip Goldschmidt, George
Hahlo, and Arnold Heussy at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 23rd December 1880.
PHILIP GOLDSCHMIDT, GEORGE HAHLO, and ARNOLD HEUSSY, of Albert Square,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO
BE EMPLOYED AS A ROTARY BLOWER, EXHAUSTER, PUMP, OR POWER ENGINE,
APPLICABLE ALSO TO SOME OTHER PURPOSES."
Our Invention relates to improvements on rotary pressure blowers or exhausters
for forcing or exhausting air or gases, and has for its object to simplify the con-
struction and action of such apparatus. To this end we mount within a double
cylindrical casing, having an inlet and outlet port, a pair of revolvers, which are
screwed on a pair of shafts, and are rotated thereby in opposite directions by means
of spur wheels keyed on the said shafts. The said revolvers are suitably formed as
half cylinders, and recessed in such a manner as to form vanes for drawing in and
expelling the air or gas. Each revolver is hollow, and fixed to the shafts by means
of screws or otherwise, so as to turn on the centre of motion of the respective shafts.
The said revolvers are arranged to run in close contact with the sides of the interior
of the casing, and their peripheries bear slightly against the opposite cylindrical
shaft of each other in order to prevent any leakage. The air is drawn in by one
half revolution of the revolvers, and expelled at the same time by the other revolver,
the action of the said revolvers being exactly reversed alternately, which is an
important advantage, as we are enabled to maintain a uniform pressure, the air,
gases, or fluids being drawn in and expelled or delivered equally. We are also
enabled to dispense with the valves and other parts which are liable to become
loose and out of order ordinarily employed in such apparatus. By this arrange-
ment of the revolvers equal speeds will be communicated in a rotary direction to
the revolvers, whereby the air, gas, or fluids, will be drawn in and expelled in
regular and equal quantities. The manner of giving motion to the revolvers may
be varied. A novel feature in our Invention consists in the employment of revolvers
of the form and construction indicated hereinbefore. We employ adjustable bearings
for the adjustment of the said revolvers. By these means a simple and effective
arrangement is obtained for the purpose of drawing or forcing air, gas, or fluids, at
a high pressure. The apparatus may be employed as a steam power engine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Philip Goldschmidt, George Hahlo, and Arnold Heussy in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd June 1881.
PHILIP GOLDSCHMIDT, GEORGE HAHLO, AND ARNOLD HEUSSY, of Albert Square,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. " IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO
BE EMPLOYED AS A ROTARY BLOWER, EXHAUSTER, PUMP, OR POWER ENGINE,
APPLICABLE ALSO TO SOME OTHER PURPOSES."
The Invention relates to improvements in rotary pressure blowers and exhausters
employed for forcing or exhausting air or gases, applicable also to some other
purposes, and has for its object to simplify the construction and action of such
apparatus. To this end we mount a pair of horizontal and parallel revolving shafts
within a double cylindrical casing, forming a cylinder having inlet and outlet ports
or passages. On each shaft is keyed a revolver or piston, which are caused to
rotate in opposite directions to each other by means of spur-wheels keyed on the
ends of the shaft, and without the said casing. Each revolver or piston is formed
as a half-cylinder, being suitably recessed on the face to form pistons for drawing
in and expelling the air, gas, or other matters. The periphery of each revolver is
caused to revolve or rotate in close contact with the whole or part of the sides of
the cylinder casing, and also bears or abuts against the boss or shaft of the opposite
revolver, in order to prevent any leakage. The rotation of the revolvers causes
the said pistons formed there with to draw in the air, gas, or other matters, through
the inlet opening or passage during one half revolution of each revolver, and to
expel the same through the outlet opening or passage during the next half
revolution, that is to say, the pistons of the revolvers act alternately to draw in
and expel the air, gas, or other matters, whereby a direct and uniform pressure or
blast or a uniform discharge of fluids is obtained without the employment of air
vessels or valves. Adjustable bearings are employed for the said casing, and also
for the outside bearings to take up any wear or tear, and prevent leakage.
And in order that the Invention may be better understood we have caused to be
appended hereunto three Sheets of Drawings marked with letters of reference
corresponding marks indicating similar parts in the various Figures. Referring in
this place to Sheet 1 of the said Drawings, Fig. 1 represents an apparatus designed
to be employed as a rotary force-pump. Within the double cylindrical cast iron
casing a the shafts b and c supported in bearings are caused to revolve. On each
shaft is suitably mounted the revolvers d and c and connected with each shaft by
means of screwed bolts f and g, but may be connected by means of keys, as
indicated in Fig. 5, Sheet 3. Each revolver is formed internally hollow to obtain
lightness of construction, and is cast or formed with two coucave recesses h to form
pistons which, when the revolvers are rotated, act to draw in and expel the air, gas,
or other matters. The shaft b of the revolver d forms an abutment for the
periphery of the revolver e and the shaft c for the revolver d. On a part of each
revolver periphery a screwed opening is made to admit of the insertion and screwing
up of the bolts fand g, which opening is afterwards plugged up. On the shaft b
driving pulley (not shown in the Drawing) is mounted, which receives motion
from any suitable motor. On the shafts b and c spur wheels; and k are keyed, the
spur wheel gears with the wheel, whereby the revolvers d and e rotate in
opposite directions, as indicated by the arrows, and during one half revolution of
the revolver & the piston formed thereon will draw in the air, gas, or other matters
into the space A through the inlet B, and will expel the same through the outlet C
during the next half revolution. The piston of the revolver d having moved
through one half of a revolution to the left the piston of the revolver e will have
moved through one half revolution to the right, whereby the pistons act to draw
in the air, gas, or other matters in succession and to expel it at the same time that
it is being drawn in. We are thus enabled to maintain a uniform and constant
pressure of air, gas, or other matters, or a direct and uniform discharge of fluids
without the use of air or other valves ordinarily employed.
&

page_text: Figs. 3 and 4, Sheet 2, represent a cross and longitudinal section of a pressure
blower or exhauster, made in accordance with our Invention. The construc-
tion is somewhat similar to the apparatus herein before described. The
air is drawn through the grid or grating B at each half revolution of the
revolvers d, e, and is expelled through the outlet C during the next half or
complete revolution, whereby a constant and forced pressure or blast is
produced.
Fig. 5, Sheet 3, represents a cross section, and Fig. 6 a longitudinal section on
the line,*, in Fig. 5, and designed to be employed as a rotary engine actuated by
steam, but may be actuated by gas or fluid pressure. The steam enters through the
inlet B, and acting upon the concave surface of the revolver d rotates the same, and
thereby the shaft b; the periphery of the revolver d is then exposed to the steam
pressure, and steam acts upon the concave surface of the revolver c and rotates the
same in the opposite direction to d, by which it will be seen that the revolvers act
in succession. During the time one revolver is being acted upon by the steam the
other revolver will be expelling the steam through the exhaust C; the employment
and use of valve gear is dispensed with. We prefer to make the steam inlet pipe
less in diameter than when employed for air, water, or other matters.
Each
revolver is cast or formed with a boss, upon which the periphery of each opposite
revolver is in contact, which prevents to a great extent the escape of steam between
the boss and periphery. To lessen radiation of heat from the steam cylinder it
may be steam jacketted. To prevent the steam escaping between the cylinder
casing and the periphery of each revolver we adjust the revolvers by causing the
brasses n to bear against and come in contact with the peripheries of the revolvers.
The said brasses n are adjusted against each periphery by turning the shank of the
screw o, and are securely held by tightening up the nut q against the plater,
which plate is held in position by means of screws; springs, or elastic bearings 8,
are employed to adjust the said revolvers in a lateral direction to prevent any
leakage at the sides, and the cylinder casing is put together and adjusted by the
bolts.
Having now described and indicated the nature of the said Invention and means
for carrying the same into practical effect, we would have it to be understood that
we do not confime ourselves to the exact proportions shewn, as the same may be
varied to some extent without departing from the nature of our Invention, but we
would have it to be understood that what we claim as secured to us by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent are,-
First. The form, construction, and arrangement of the revolvers d, e, actuated
by the spur gearing j, k, for the purposes hereinbefore mentioned and as illustrated
in the Drawings.
Secondly. The form, construction, and arrangement of the apparatus illustrated
by Fig. 5, and designed to be more particularly employed as a steam motor.
Thirdly. The means employed for adjusting the parts, substantially as described
and illustrated in the Drawings.
Fourthly. The combination and arrangement of apparatus for the purposes
hereinbefore setforth.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Hahlo and Arnold Heussy, for ourselves
and on behalf of the said Philip Goldschmidt, have hereunto set our hands
and seals, this Twenty second day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
GEORGE HAHLO.
(L.S.)
ARNOLD HEUSSY. (L.S.)