Improvements in Siphons for Conveying and Delivering Liquids.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Dec., 1897-Accepted, 19th Feb., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Siphons for Conveying and Delivering Liquids.
I, AUGUST ERNST HOMBURG, of 2, Calvinstrasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-¨
This invention relates to an apparatus for discharging liquids from vessels by
means of the pressure of gas and is characterized by all the necessary parts of: this
apparatus being arranged as a compact whole, so that the apparatus as a whole may
be easily attached or mounted on the liquid container, or removed therefrom,
without it being necessary for any special arrangements whatever to be attached
to or formed on the vessel or container itself; and also by the gas supply to the
liquid container being placed in such a connection with the discharge of the liquid
that too high a gas pressure in the vessel cannot take place, whereby the danger.of
bursting of the container is entirely avoided.
The apparatus is more particularly suited for delivering or discharging beer and
other like drinks from bottles, jars or like vessels under the pressure of carbonic acid,
it being simply mounted on the neck of the bottle in any suitable manner and the
discharge of the liquid being effected by a simple movement of the band.
The apparatus is shown in the accompanying drawings, Figures 1, 2 and 3 being
vertical cross sections of three different forms of construction, whilst. Figures 4-7
are various details of the same.
!
A case or casing b, open at the top, is screwed or otherwise mounted, for instance
by means of a coupling, on the neck of the bottle a, Figure 'l, and a washer ring c
is inserted between. A tap shank d with a horizontal tap or-plug d¹ is screwed or
otherwise suitably inserted in the bottom b' of this casing b, with which tap a vertical
pipe e is connected downwards and a discharge pipe e¹ sideways. The tap or plug d¹
has. at one end a lever d² and a spring d³ is provided to press this lever normally
upwards and to thereby keep the tap'closed. A carbonic acid container f is inserted
above the tap d which container is in the form of a cartridge inserted in the casing b
in such a way as to be capable of being moved up and down and is secured against
Orotation in the same by lateral guides f¹. The casing -b is shut off or closed at the
top by means of an elastic diaphragm g which is fixed to the casing by means of
After this ring has been unfastened and the diaphragm
a ring g¹ screwed thereon.
removed, the carbonic acid vesself may be withdrawn from above out of the casing b
and access can then be easily had from above to the tap and to the remaining parts
contained in the casing.
:
The carbonic acid container f.is pressed upwards by means of: a spiral spring. h
In the bottom of the carbonic acid container f.an.over-
arranged beneath the same. -
flow valve is inserted, which on the descent of the container is opened by
encountering an adjusable contact k arranged on the bottom.61 of the casing...
0 In order to cause the liquid to be discharged from the bottle, the diaphragm.g is
pressed down by the finger with a slight pressure. By this means the carbonic acid
container f is moved downwards and thus presses downwards the handle d² of the tap
which bears against its bottom so that the discharge tap'd is opened. The valve i
simultaneously encounters the contact k and is thereby opened so that carbonic acid

page_text: -
can pass from the reservoir through the valve and a pipe or passage in the floor of
the casing b¹, into the interior of the bottle where it causes the liquid to be discharged
through the vertical pipe e, the open tap. d and the discharge pipe e¹. If the
diaphragm g' be again released, the spring h presses the carbonic acid container f
again upwards, the valve i closes automatically on leaving the contact k and the tap d
is closed by the spring d³. The diaphragm g serves also as a safety device, so that
no special safety valve is necessary, as the diaphragm is selected of such a strength
that it bursts at a given excess of pressure in the interior of the bottle and allows the
carbonic acid to freely escape.
The arrangement of the carbonic acid valve i is shown in Figure 4. It consists of
a casing i screwed or otherwise suitably fastened in the bottom of the carbonic acid
container f, which casing i is closed below by a diaphragm and is formed in the
centre with a valve seat 12. A valve spindle m which carries above it the actual
valve body m¹ provided with a washer disc, and below it a guide piece m², passes
through the said valve seat whilst a spring n arranged over the valve acts on the same and
keeps it closed. On the valve encountering the contact k, the diaphragm i¹ is pressed
upwards and thereby the valve is lifted. Carbonic acid then-flows from the carbónic
acid container through a passage o provided in the lid.of.the valve casing into the
body of the valve through the valve seat and the lateral passage to the outside.
The discharge opening may be regulated by means of a pointed screw p¹ projecting
into the discharge channel or passage p.and be so narrowed that it allows only the
smallest noticeable transfer of carbonic acid into, the interior of the bottle.
Figure 5 is another form of construction of the carbonic acid transfer valve which
is also applicable for the filling of the reservoir with carbonic acid, so that a separate
opening and valve for refilling is not required on the carbonic acid vessel. The
valve case i contains here at the under enda valve seat q which is closed by a valve
cone q¹ the latter being kept closed by means of a spring 92. This back pressure
valve serves for filling. the vessel. A second passage with valve seat is further.
arranged on the side of the valve casing i, which passage forms the actual transfer
valve. The valve cone of this valve is formed of a. screw a provided with a washer
disc s', which engages in a perforated and internally threaded nozzle t enclosing the
valve seat. The outermost end of the screws has an arm projecting to one side,
which a spring u mounted on the bottom of the carbonic acid container f, tends to
press down in which position the screw & is pressed against the valve seat and the
valve thereby, kept closed. On the descent of the: carbonic acid container f, the
free end of the arm encounters the adjustable contact and is thereby moved
upwards causing a corresponding rotation of the screws and its movement away
from the valve seat r, so that the carbonic acid flows through the open valve and
the perforations of the nozzle t.
The form of construction of the siphon shown in Figure 2 differs from that shown
in: Figure 1. by the ordinary plug tap d d¹ being replaced by a so called squeeze tap.
.:The latter consists of a piece of piping d connecting the pipes e and e¹ which piece
of piping is clamped or squeezed between a lower fixed support ds and the end of an
upper two armed lever de pivotally mounted at x, and thus the flow of the liquid is
shut off. The lever do is pressed by a spring d' with its upper arm against the
under side of the gas container f and with its lower arm against the support d³. If the
gas container; f. be pressed down, the lever. de which is moved therewith will release
or open the squeeze tap d' and the liquid can be discharged, whilst on the release of
the container the lever de again closes the squeeze tap d' by compression. "The
carbonic acid valve, which is opened and closed by the downward. and upward
movement of the container f in the manner herein before described, corresponds in
this case to the form of construction shown in Figure 5.,
Instead of the large spiral spring has shown in Figure 1, a smaller similar
spring his, shown in Figure 2, and if desired a similar, smaller one may be arranged
facing the same or at the other side....
.."
nistay
Figure 3 shows the gas container fscrewed. or otherwise suitably firmly mounted
on the casing b.
con
posazilumiz

page_text: In order to shut off the liquid sa plug tap dis here again employed. The
lug shank which projects to the outside carries, a handled which if desired may
e made removable and by means of which the tap is opened. and closed from the
utside. The transfer.valve i, Figures 3 and 6 of the gas container f.again consists
f a screw 1.provided with an inserted washer disc, which screw usually or ordinarily
loses the mouth of the gas discharge passage. 3.which is formed as a valve seat 2.1A
ever 4 is mounted on the outer end of this screw 1, which lever projects between
wo pins 6 mounted on the inner end of the tap plug d¹ or rather on a closing
lisc 5 connected with the cock plug or it may be otherwise suitably connected with
the plug. Consequently on the rotation of the plug d¹ the valve screw 1' is also
rotated by the pins 6 and the, lever 4 and, it is moved by the opening of the tap
from the valve seat 2 so that, the gas under pressure passes into the lower part b-
from the container f through a passage 3 and a passage 8 formed in the side of the
screw. 1, and comes into the interior of the liquid container a through an opening 62
formed in the bottom 61 of the part b, and discharges the liquid from the interior
of the vessel through the vertical pipe e, opened tap d d¹ and the discharge
pipe e¹. On the tap being closed the valve. screw i is again pressed on the valve
seat 2 and the pressure of the gas under pressure is thereby shut off.
In the wall of the under part b, preferably opposite the inner end of the cock plug d¹,
a rubber diaphragm 9 is inserted, which serves as a safety valve. On the gas
pressure in the interior of the apparatus rising to an excess, this diaphragm will
burst and allow gas tó escape so that any bursting of the liquid container is avoided.
Figure 7 shows a further modified form of construction of the transfer valve i
and its connection with the cock plug. The transfer valve is here an ordinary back
pressure valve 10 kept closed by the pressure of a spring. An internal extension 11
of the cock plug d is provided with a projection 12 shaped on one side as an
eccentric or cam. On opening the cock plug d¹ this projection 12 will lift the
valve 10 so that the transfer of the pressure gas can take place. On closing the
tap the projection will release the valve and the latter will close under the action
of its spring. In this form of construction of the transfer valve the latter may
also if desired be utilized as a filling valve and thereby a special filling valve f²
on the container of be dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A siphon for delivering liquids, characterized by the liquid discharge device of
the liquid container being connected with the transfer valve of a gas pressure con-
tainer in such a way that both are simultaneously opened and closed so that gas under
pressure can only enter into the liquid container when the liquid outlet or discharge
tap is open, whereby any bursting of the said liquid container through too high a
pressure is prevented, substantially as herein before set forth.
2. A form of construction of the siphon hereinbefore described characterized by the
compressed gas container being in the form of a cartridge (f) adjustable or movable
up and down, on the downward movement of which container the opening of the
5 liquid shut-off device or tap (d) as well as of the gas transfer valve (i) is effected,
whilst on its upward movement both are again closed, the case (b) of the container (f)
being closed above by a diaphragm (g) which serves as safety device for the siphon
substantially as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying
drawings.
0
3. A form of construction of the siphon herein before described, characterized by
the tap (d d) which serves as the device for shutting off the liquid; being adapted on
being turned to open and close respectively a transfer valve arranged on a compressed
gas container which is firmly connected with the cock casing, the said opening and
closing of the valve by the tap being effected by means of a lever (4) movable with the
55 valve which is in the form of a screw valve (1) or by a cam projection (12) arranged
on an extension of the tap plug so as to lift the valve which in this case is in the form

page_text: of á lift valve (10) substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 3,6
and 7, of the accompanying drawings.......
4. In a siphon such as hereinbefore described, a gas transfer valve adapted to be
opened on the downward movement of the gas container f by encountering a fixed
contact (k) and to be again closed by spring pressure on the upward movement of
said container, the said valve being formed either as a lifting valve, or as a screw
valve substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 4 and 5 of the
accompanying drawings.
i