An Improved Apparatus for Manufacturing Carburetted Air Gas.
Year: 1889

page_text: [Communicated from abroad by GUSTAVE JAUNEZ, of No. 2, Rue Bourdin, Paris,
France, Engineer.]
An Improved Apparatus for Manufacturing Carburetted Air Gas.
I GEORGE PULLING ARMSTRONG, of Suffolk House Laurence Pountney Hill, in the
City of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
Whereas many attempts have been made to manufacturo gas, for heating and
lighting purposes, by carburetting air; a patent for which process was granted to
M..Moussard in France on the 27th December 1869 (No. 88,263) in which he
demonstrated the principle of heating the volatile liquid employed until vaporisation,
and employing its expansive force to draw in the air to be carbonized by means of an
injector. The apparatus was however complicated and its action unreliable.
Now the object of my invention is to effect improvements in apparatus for the above
purposes by reducing all parts thereof to their simplest form, and adding other
fundamental improvements thereto.
1. In my apparatus, instead of placing the vaporiser above the receiver for the
carburetted air, I placed it below so that the liquid produced by condensation in the
receiver and other parts of the apparatus may return to the vaporiser without
obstructing the receiver or the delivery pipe containing carburetted air.
2. This arrangement enables me to use the lower part of the vessel in which the bell
of the receiver dips, as an extra supply reservoir.
3. The connecting pipe between these two reservoirs may be closed by a tap so
that if the smaller portion of the reservoir is of sufficient capacity to contain the
daily supply, there is no need for a communication with a large quantity of volatile
liquid during the working of the apparatus, which communication is the great defect
of similar apparatus.
4. The vaporiser and the burner being placed beneath the reservoir, it follows that
there is a fall from a certain height, which added to the pressure of the carburetted
gas and the weight of the bell in the receiver forces the volatile liquid to pass into the
vaporizer notwithstanding the pressure of the vapor in the latter.
Hitherto this object has not been attained without a fall of the liquid from a great
height, thus rendering an installation very difficult, and in many cases impossible.
5. In my apparatus the volatile liquid employed is entirely vaporised and combining
with the air, forms carburetted air gas, because whatever condensation may take place
in any part of the apparatus, the condensation is always brought back to the vaporiser
and vaporised anew.
6. These condensations are harmless, and I utilise them in increasing the purity of
the manufactured gas: I work with a closed vessel without requiring to draw away.
the condensed productions which always return and mix with the volatile liquid in
the reservoir to feed the vaporiser anew, and form a new quantity of carburetted air gas.
7. The volatile liquid placed in the apparatus is therefore automatically and in
proper proportions changed into carburetted air gas.
8: The supply pipe is fitted with a pressure regulator to obviate any irregularities
due to the manufacture of the gas, rendering it very economical in its uso, and
remedying any leakage at the burner.
The following are the salient points on which any invention rests.
In an apparatus for the automatic production of carburetted air gas :-
A. The new combination of a gas receiver with a tank forming a supply reservoir
of the carburetted liquid, and at the same time a recipient of the products of con-
densation, this combination preventing any unnecessary. emptying of the apparatus,
whatever condensation there may be.

page_text: This is important with regard to economy in manufacture as the emptying process
invariably allows a large quantity of the carburetted liquid to evaporate.
B. The combination of the receiver and tank above mentioned with a lenticular
vaporiser used for the vaporisation of the carburetting liquid.
C. The combination of the receiver the tank, the lenticular vaporiser with a burner.
connected with the receiver, supplying it with the necessary quantity of gas for the
automatic production of the gas to be manufactured and distributed through pipes.
(
D. The combination of the receiver, trough, lenticular vaporiser and burner, with
an apparatus, injector, and carburettor of the air it introduces under the receiver,
the whole forming a cycle in a closed vessel, producing continuously carburetted air
gas, until the complete exhaustion of the carburetted liquid enclosed in the reservoir,
the level being indicated by a gauze glass.
E. The combination of all the above with the reservoir containing the carburetting
liquid, enabling the introduction at will, and even during the working of the apparatus
of new liquid in the tank, by means of a tap; which merely requires to be turned on
and off immediately after the introduction of the liquid, in order to preserve the
manufacturing process in the closed vessel, thus realizing the required economy.
F. All the above combinations with a pressure regulater.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascertained
réference is hereby made to the accompanying Drawings in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in section-and, Fig. 2 is a plan of the same.
In order to start the apparatus I introduce a given quantity of carburetted liquid
from the recipient A into the trough B by means of the tap band then light the
burner C.
This burner is at the commencement of the operation fed by a small quantity of
carburetted air, which is formed cold under the receiver D.
1.
When lighted the burner C. heats the carburant which passes into the vaporiser E
from the trough B, through the pipe d and the gas rises in the pipe e¹ and passes
through the carburettor F, where, by means of a Giffard injector the gas draws in the
air. which is thereby carburetted, and is then driven into the receiver D. The
receiver rises as the quantity of gas therein increases.
The carburetted air gas passes through a pipe G to the pressure regulator II and
thence through the pipe to the supply burners.
The pressure regulator H is composed of a small receiver working in a tank j with
a hydraulic joint k.
This receiver is furnished with a rod and equilibrium valve, which opens and allows
a passage of the gas according to the rate of consumption, whereby a constant pressure
is maintained under the receiver I, and the gas passes through the pipe / to the
consumers at constant pressure, without allowing the burners to leak at any rate of
consumption.
When consumption ceases, the gas, unable to find an exit by the pipe / collects
under the receiver I, which rises and closes the valve e. The small pipe m brings
• back the condensed liquid which may be formed in the pipe , to the vaporiser.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is :-
1. The manufacture and use of carburetted air gas substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. The general arrangement construction and combination of apparatus, constituting
the improved apparatus for manufacturing carburetted air gas, substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated 10th May 1880
GEO. DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent for Applicant.