A MACHINE OR ENGINE, OF AN INTIRE NEW CONSTRUCTION, WHEREBY THE SPINNING OF WOOL AND JERSEY TOW OR FLAX INTO THREAD OR YARN MAY BE PERFORMED IN A FAR MORE EXPEDITIOUS MANNER THAN THE SAME HATH HITHERTO EVER BEEN DONE, BY WHICH MACHINE OR ENGINE A GREAT NUMBER OF THREADS MAY BE SPUN AT ONE AND THE SAME TIME ON A NUMBER OF SPOALS, AND THE SAME MACHINE BE MANAGED BY ONE PERSON ALONE
Year: 1772

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, CONIAH WOOD,
of the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham, Turner, sendeth
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the
Eleventh day of June, in the twelfth year of His reign, did give and grant
unto me, the said Coniah Wood, my executors, adiňors, and assigns, His said
Majesty's especial lycence, full power, sole priviledge and authority, that I,
the said Coniah Wood, my executors, admors, and assigns, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within that part of Great Britain
called England, His said Majesty's Dominion of Wales, and Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A MACHINE OR ENGINE, OF AN INTIRE
NEW CONSTRUCTION, WHEREBY THE SPINNING OF WOOL AND JERSEY TOW OR FLAX
INTO THREAD OR YARN MAY BE PERFORMED IN A FAR MORE EXPEDITIOUS MANNER
THAN THE SAME HATH HITHERTO EVER BEEN DONE, BY WHICH MACHINE OR ENGINE
A GREAT NUMBER OF THREADS MAY BE SPUN AT ONE AND THE SAME TIME ON
A NUMBER OF SPOALS, AND THE SAME MACHINE BE MANAGED BY ONE PERSON
ALONE," in such manner as to me, my executors, admors, and assigns, should
seem meet, and that I, the said Coniah Wood, my executors, admors,
and assigns, should and lawfully might ever enjoy the whole profit, benefit,
commodity, and advantage accruing and arising from the said Invention
during the time aforesaid; and there is a clause contained in the said

page_text: Letters Patent obliging me, the said Coniah Wood, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within four calendar months next after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Coniah Wood, in obedience to the
directions of the said Letters Patent, have set forth in and by the Map or
Plan of the machine or engine above drawn or written, and in the description
thereof, and of the manner of working and using the same, above written, a
true description and delineation of the said Invention, Machine, or Engine
mentioned in the said Letters Patent, and the manner of working or using
the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Coniah Wood, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand seven hundred and seventy-two.
AND BE IT REMEMBRED, that on the Twenty-fourth day of July, in the
year of our Lord 1772, the aforesaid Coniah Wood came before our said Lord
he King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and
all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the
Statute made in the sixth year of the reign of the late King and Queen
William and Mary of England, and so forth.

page_text: The Spindles also pass throug
C
A.A.AA. The wooden frame consisting of four upright Standards joined together by eight rails or wooden Barrs BBBBBBBB two in front two in rear and two on each side all Mortic'd into the Standards except the upper front Baul which slides in a breve that it may be taken out
CC Two side or cheek boards one on each side of the Machine morticed into the upper and lower side Rails I at lower Cross Real morticed into the side Boards (Cat each end which supports the round Standard which carrys the rat wheel E and Cogg Wheel GE The Great Wherl
whach moves the Spindles or Speals F The Standard is an upright round piece of Wood on which the Great Wheel and Great Cogged wheel moves and which Standard rests on a steel point fixed at the bottom and runs on a piece or auss set in a round hole made to receive it in the
Gntre of the Cross Rail GThe Great Cogg Wheel fixed on the Top of the Standard Fin which it turns. III The Cress Rails above the lower Rail ) also Morticed into the Cheek boards CC and joined together a cross piece of wood hugh which the Standard in the middle passes
I the sliding frame or box consisting of aght pieces of weed two long upper pieces resting on the two upper rails and each nailed to two side pieces to each of which is ficed a ledge or bottom piece whereby it is formed into a kind of sing box to slide on the two cross rails H II. and
which frame is united by two short pieces of Wood morticed into the two long upper pieces leaving room for the Standard F to pass through and which frame is made shorter than the width of the Machine that it may leave room to be drawn to one side or the other to change the mo
-tion of the movement whed a piece of wood screwed upon the sliding frame to support the Standard 1 into which the fron axis of the Cogged movement Wheel is fixed the smaller standard fixed into the piece of Wood K with an Iron arte h and an eye at one
end into which an Iron pini is put to keep on the movement wheel.. M the legged movement wheel consisting of two parts a Cogged wheel and a wooden acis which is fixed into the Cogged wheel at one end and has an ad like a wheel head at the other end and which
covers the Iron axle h on which it rolls. The Great Iron bar or Axle which rests and moves round on the two Check or side boards and goes cross the Machine and which is charged with the two Cogged wheels O and Pand is turned round by the Wooden handle o
O The larger Wheel fixed on the Iron bar N whose loggs in turning fall perpendicular into the Coggs of the horizontal wheel & and thereby puts it in motion P The other lesser logged wheel fixed on the Iron bar whose boys falls into the logs of the movement wheel M
and puts it in motion while the Machine is spinning. The Rabbits or long pieces of Wood fixed along the mside of the two upper Cross Rails BB for the sliding board to slide on forwards and backwards RRRR The fron spandles a number of which according to
the size of the Machine are let into holes in the lower front rail B and run upon pieces of glass set in the holes on their lower point or end which are steeled which spindles stand up in front nearly perpendicular ani ure each charged with and carry a Grooved Wau
a small washer or button a Speal and a pair of Flyers The Spindles pass through notches in the upper front Rail in which notches are incerted square bits of brass with nicks to let in the spinilles that they may bear upon an I turn in the sume_
the Sliding rail 5 which has nelches to let them through S a sliding rail which goes cross the front of the Machine above the upper front rail B and is let into four Grooves in which it moves two in the inside of each of the rent Standards whereby the sliding rail serves to
ruise or lower the spools bang drawn up by two pullies and Cords b. b. as occasion requires. TA Roller which is fixed in two wooden bultons V.V in which it turns round and which roller is turned by a Cleck wheel Umoved by the hand as vecasion requires.
NV Two Buttons sprigged to the back of the two front Standards in which the Roller T turns round. The leck Wheel turn'd by the hand and stop by an hasp or Catch of Wood p. a screwed into the side of the Right hand rent Standard WS guiding Rail being a rail
or piece of wood which gees cross the front of the Machine and is glued into two straight pieces of wood pp which are fired by two Tren pins to the inside of the front Standards B B on which pins the guiding Rail moves and is aised or let down by the Workinan moving the Tread
Zwith his foot X The Sliding board which carrys the Rocks consisting of a piece of Beard morticed into two straight pieces of wood which rest and slide in the Rabbits Q.. Y The Rocks which hold the Wool or flax and are let me holes in the sliding beard on which they stand
and are equal to the number of Speals. Z the treadle being a flat long piece of wood screwed into the bottom part of the left hand back standard B on the inside and which projects or reaches beyond the front Standard on the 14tt side that the Workman muy tread thereon as
occasion requires a a two little wheels or pullies fixed into the upper part of the inside of the front Standards which support the Strings or Cords. bbbb the two strings or Cords each fasned by a Staple at one end into the siding rail and passing over the pilles a legs
upon the roller Tinto which it is fastned by a small staple _cc Two small wheels or pullies each fixed into one of the side or Cheek boards C in a square hole cut in the side board and turning on an Iron pin on which it rays the Wheel in the left side or Check board hang
moved by the Cord d. and the right wheel moved by Cord e the last of the pullies only appears in the plan but both are exactly alike. A lord fastned at one end to the middle of the treadle 7. on the inside and passing or the left hand pulley is fixed to the sliding
frame or box I by a small staple to draw same to the left side and thereby bring the movement wheel out of motione A Cord fastned to the sliding frame or box I by a staple and passing over the right hand pulley Fangs down with a weight of a few pounds serves
to draw the sliding frame I into its former place and thereby brings the movement wheel into motion the longer band or Cord which runs round port of the great wheel and round part and over the wauls of all ne spindles to turn one half of them.
shorter band or Coard which goes round part of the Great Wheel and over the Wauls of half of the other Spindles to turn them..
q..
the
The Iron axle of the Standard L with an eye at the end i The iron pin put in the eye of the ade hk. A small wheel or pulley fixed
by an iron p and running in a lavity made in the upper back Rail B. A Cord fastned to the front part of the sliding board X and passing under same is brought, over the wheel k is fastned to the wooden axis of the movement wheel M and laps up on same as
the sliding board is drawn back thereby. m. The staple in the Sliding beard. nnnn. The leathers through which the Weel or flax pass that it may be drawn out regular in spinning The wooden handle by which the Iron bar N is turned
wood into which the guiding rail W is fixed. q The Cord fixed into the left hand piece of wood p and which is fixed to the end of the tredle Z in front to draw up the Gauding Rall W when the Treadle is put down rrrr. Woot pegs put into the holes made in the shading rail
-P The two pices of
S one to cach Spoal ssss The lords to the wooden pegs which are fastned by common nails to the back part of the sliding rail and brought into the grooved heads of the speals and lapped round the peggs and fix-d thereto se as to be taken up tight or slacken it
by turning the pegs. tt The Wool or Flac in the Rocks. ww The Wool or Flax drawn through the leathers n as it is spinning The thread drawn down to the Speals through the Wires. wThe thread wound on to the Speals The lead or any other weight fixed to
the Cord e te bring back the sliding frame or box I
-y The flyers of each Spoal with their Wires the uppermost Wire being an eye the other two hooks.. The washers on which the Spoals rest_da. Grooves cut in the front Sndard in order to take out the upper front rail
the spindles and sliding rail as occasion requires.. g.a The Grooves in the front Standard in which the sliding rail moves ha The nicks or notches in the upper front rail B through which the spindles pass_n.a little brass stays for the Spindles to bear upon as they
turn put into the netches h. ap.a. the hasp or catch to confine the Cleck wheel.. The Manner of Working the Machine in Spinning The Wool Jersey Tew or Flax or Materials to be spun being put into the Rocks and dran through the Leathers the handle o of the
Lon bar or Axle N is turned round which Iron bar in turning brings the loggs of the Wheel O fixed thereon into the Coggs of the horizontal wheel & which yesupen and carrys round with it the Standard F and the great wheel E treed thereto which by the Courds f and
the spindles which carry the Speals and flyers and the thread being drawn through the Wiers of the flyers and fastned to the Speals is twisted by the spindle and the Spoals being restrained by the Cords fixed to the pegs of the sliding a take up the thread on to the Speals regularly as
it is drawn out At the same time the iron axle N carrying round the lesser cogged wheel P the loggs thereof falling on the Coggs of the movement wheel M turns same which winds the Cord e about its wooden axle and which by the aid of the pulley hadraws back the
sliding board X and with it the Recks and thereby draws out the the threads and spins. The manner of working the machine in winding the thread spun on to the Speals The sluding board bang drawn back to the hind pa.t of the machine the workman who attends the
threads with his foot presses down the treadle Z. which by the Cord q draws up the Guide W. which raises the threads so as to stand clear of the spindles & cease spinning and the treadle Z by the Cord d which passes over the left hand pulles being fixed to the sliding
box or frame 1 draws same to the left hand side or Check board by which means the logged movement wheel M is drawn aside and stands clear from the cogged wheel P and ceases to be put in motion thereby. The other movements being continued by turning the handle o
the workman draws with his hand the sliding hoard X from the back towards the front part of the Machine whereby the Threads are relaxed so as to be wound and gathered up upon the Speals and when the Workman takes his firt off from the treadle 7. the weight X which
hangs on the inside or outside of the Machine at pleasure by the Cord d which goes over the right hand whed e draws the sliding frame er box back to the right hand and brings back the movement wheel M so that the Crags thereof are brought into opposition to the
loggs of the wheel P and are ready to be put in motion again for spinning. The motions of spinning out and winding up the threads are alternately performed. In order that the threads may be wound on the Spriis at pleasure faster or slower the strings s.s.s.s
are drawn lighter or slackend by turning the peggsrrrr_That the Speals may be filled with the thread repeatedly the sliding fail S which is suspended by the Coards bb is raised and sunk in its grooves by turning the fleck wheel together with the Roller T with
the hand which Roller takes up or lets down the Coards bb. and raises or lowers the washers and the Spoals resting thereon higher or lower as occasion requires
•
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turn