IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LOOPING OR PRODUCING EYES ON WIRE
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Musgrave, of No. 14, Alderson Street,
South Shields, and Ralph Christopher Musgrave, of Norton, near
Stockton-upon-Tees, both in the County of Durham, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LOOPING OR PRODUCING
EYES ON WIRE."
Sealed the 13th August 1872, and dated the 16th February 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Musgrave
and Ralph Christopher Musgrave at the Office of the Commis-
sioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 16th February
1872.
We, WILLIAM MUSGRAVE, of No. 14, Alderson Street, South Shields,
and RALPH CHRISTOPHER MUSGRAVE, of Norton, near Stockton-upon-
Tees, both in the County of Durham, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LOOPING OR PRO-
DUCING EYES ON WIRE," to be as follows:-
The object of the Invention is to facilitate the production of loops or
eves on wire.

page_text: "
In carrying out our improvements the wire to be operated upon is in
coils placed on a reel or
" swift at one end or part of the apparatus.
One end of the wire is then attached to a looping peg, when by a wheel
and pinion, the teeth of which take into the teeth of a rack, motion is
given to the rack, and each revolution of the wheel advances the wire a
distance equal to that between respective loops or eyes, and loops it on
to a succeeding peg until all the required loops on a length of wire have
been formed, when that length is cut off by shears or nippers. The
motion of the wheel is reversed to take the rack and pegs back to
proceed again as before until the whole of the wire on the swift has
been worked into the required number of lengths with the loops. By
these means facility is afforded for the manufacture of wirework for
screens, malt kiln flooring, and other uses, rendering lacing or binding
unnecessary.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, ]
filed by the said William Musgrave and Ralph Christopher Mus-
grave in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th August 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
MUSGRAVE, of No. 14, Alderson Street, South Shields, and RALPH
CHRISTOPHER MUSGRAVE, of Norton, near Stockton-upon-Tees, both in 1
the County of Durham, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said William Musgrave and Ralph Chris-
topher Musgrave, Her special licence that we, the said William Mus-
grave and Ralph Christopher Musgrave, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Musgrave and
Ralph Christopher Musgrave, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,

page_text: and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
LOOPING OR PRODUCING EYES ON WIRE," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said William Musgrave and Ralph Christopher Musgrave,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our
or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or
them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 represents a side elevation; Figure 2, a plan view; Figure 3,
a tranverse section; and Figure 4, an end view of apparatus arranged
according to our Invention. In each of the views the same letters are
employed to indicate corresponding parts wherever they occur.
a, a, represents the main framing; b, b, represent a series of studs or
pegs upon which the wire is bent with the loops or eyes desired. These
studs or pegs 6 are applied with capability of removal in a bar a¹ forming
part of the framing a, the bar a¹ being perforated with a series of holes
for that purpose, so that the studs or pegs may be set at various positions
in the bar a¹ depending on the distance apart required for the loops or
eyes formed from the wire. c is the reel or swift on which the wire
represented by the blue lines e to be formed into loops or eyes is wound.
The reel or swift c is supported so as to be capable of freely revolving on
a stud d¹ projecting from the carriage d, and this carriage d is capable
of sliding as motion is given to it on the side rail a² of the framing a, as
hereafter described. Motion is given to the reel or swift c, and to the
arm for laying the wire around the pegs b, by means of the handle f
affixed on the short axis f¹, which is supported so as to be capable of
revolving in the standard & forming part of the carriage d, and on the
inner end of this axis f' is affixed the pinion f³, the teeth of which take
into the teeth of the intermediate tooth wheel g, which is supported to
turn upon the stud g¹, also carried by the carriage d; and the teeth of
this intermediate wheel also take into the teeth of the tooth wheel h
affixed on the hollow shaft h³, which is capable of rotation on the stud d³.
Upon the hollow shaft h¹ is also affixed the arm i, which carries a series
of small pulley wheels i, ¹, between which the wire e from the swift or
reel c is conducted, as shewn, so as to straighten it in its passage from
the swift or reel c to the studs b. In starting with this apparatus one
end of the wire passing from the swift or reel c is conducted alternately
under and over the small pulleys 2 to one of the studs b, around which it
is turned to form the first loop or eye, the swift being at that time near
that stud on which the wire is thus looped. The carriage d with the
swift or reel c is then moved forward so as to bring the centre of the
axes d and h¹ opposite the next stud b, and this motion to the carriage d
is effected by vibrating the lever handle j, the upper end of which is
capable of vibrating on the axis j³, on which is affixed the small

page_text: pinion; and the teeth of this wheel are taken into by the driver 1³,
which is supported to turn on the pin j' carried by the vibrating arm j,
whilst it is borne to the wheel by spring pressure. The teeth of the
pinion also take into the teeth of the rack as formed on the under side
of the rail a³. Thus the carriage d and parts carried thereby are moved
forward opposite the successive studs 6 by the rocking motion imparted
to the vibrating lever j; kis a spring stop which retains the swift or
reel c from revolving during the motion of the carriage d from opposite
one stud 6 to opposite the next in succession when that stop k is drawn
out to admit of the handle f acting to cause the parts to revolve; Z is
another spring stop forming one end of a lever which turns upon the
axis ', and at its other end is formed into a handle P, by acting upon
which the end may be raised, and this is effected before each partial
traverse of the carriage d. This stop upon the axes d³, h³, coming
opposite a stud b, drops into one of a series of holes a' formed for it in
the surface of the bar a¹ in correct position relative to the studs b.
Supposing the free end of the wire to be twisted round one of the series
of studs 6, so as to form it into a loop or eye thereon, the spring stop k is
then allowed to act to set the parts carried by the carriage d. The vi-
brating arm; is set in motion, and the carriage d moved forward until the
axes d¹³ and h¹ come opposite the next stud b, when the stop k is released,
and the stop enters a hole a* to hold the parts in correct relative
position. The handle f is then set in motion to cause the arm k to make
a rotation, and thereby cause the wire e from the swift c to be laid round
the stud 6 for the time opposite the axes d³, h¹, thereby forming a loop
or eye on such stud b. The carriage d with the parts carried thereby is
then moved, as explained, to opposite another stud 6, and so on until the
series of loops or eyes have been formed on the length desired of the
wire, when the wire is cut by any ordinary pair of cutting nippers or
shears, and the carriage d is taken back and the end of the wire twisted
round the first of the series of studs, and the operations are repeated, as
stated, for another length of wire, and so on. The back movement of the
carriage d along the rail a¹ is effected by a winch handle applied to the
square projecting end of the axis j'. The hook m from the arm i serves
to guide the wire from the reel or swift c to the guide rollers 2ª, iª¹.
Having thus described our Invention and means which we adopt in
carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that we do
not confine ourselves to the precise details as shown and described, as

page_text: the same may be varied without departing from the peculiar character
of the Invention; but what we do claim is, the adaptation or combi-
nation of means whereby wire from reels or swifts is conducted on to
and around suitable pegs or studs, and thereby formed into loops or eyes,
substantially as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Musgrave and Ralph
Christopher Musgrave, have hereunto set our hands and seals,
this Twelfth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-two.
WILLIAM MUSGRAVE.
(L.S.)
RALPH CHRISTOPHER MUSGRAVE. (L.S.)