IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES
Year: 1884

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PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
7
H
I SIGISMUND LEONI of 66, St Paul Street, Packington Street in the County of
Middlesex Gas Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES to be as
follows:
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My Invention relates to the manufacture of screw stoppers for closing the
mouths of bottles by screwing them into the suitably prepared necks of the same.
Such stoppers have hitherto been made of earthenware by the usual processes
employed in the manufacture of pottery, and in practice liave required the use
of india rubber to form a packing round the screw, or the insertion of metal in a
spiral or partly spiral form. Such methods of manufacture are attended with
disadvantage in the liability to shrinkage, and to impurity and corrosion,, all
which defects are obviated under my Invention by the use of a different material
or composition as a body, and by the employment of a different process in
manufacture.
.1
The material is composed of 8 parts of a mixture of Cornish stone, china clay,
ball clay and flint, and 10 parts of steatite or soap stone.
2.)
The ingredients forming the said mixture are first washed, then reduced, mixed
and passed through a fine lawn or sieve, and the steatite or soapstone is also
washed, reduced and sifted in like manner.
The said 8 parts of the mixture and 10 parts of steatite or soapstone are mixed
together, and before use are again passed through a fine sieve.
In 'the method or process of manufacture of the screw stopper from the reduced
inaterial or composition prepared as described, and in the condition of a slightly
damp powder, the article is produced by means of dies and pressure in the
following manner.
.
A mould box with a central aperture is employed, in this aperture the bottom
die is inserted with the part of the die adapted to form half the screw stopper
upwards, then a portion of the material regulated by measure or weight, is filled
in or placed over this die, and finally the upper die is placed over the material with
its forming part downwards. The mould box with the upper die slightly projecting
from its upper face is now placed under a suitable press, and the two dies are
forcibly pressed together. The pressure is then removed the mould opened and the
duly formed screw stopper taken out, dried and fired in the ordinary manner,
but without the usual shrinkage as in the case of articles manufactured from
earthenware.

page_text: I SIGISMUND LEONI of 66 St Paul Street Packington Street in the County of
Middlesex Gas Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
.
My Invention relates to the manufacture of screw stoppers for closing the
mouths of bottles by screwing them into the suitably prepared necks of the same.
Such stoppers have hitherto been made of earthenware by the usual processes
employed in the manufacture of pottery and in practice have required the use of
india rubber to form a packing round the, screw or the insertion of metal in a
spiral or partly. spiral form. Such methods of manufacture are attended with
disadvantage in the liability to shrinkage and to impurity and corrosion all
which defects are obviated under my Invention by the use of a different material
or composition as a body and by the employment, of a different process in
manufacture.
!..
The material is composed of 8 parts of a mixture of Cornish stone china clay ball
clay and flint and ten parts of steatite or soap stone.
The ingredients forming the said mixture are first ground fine 'then washed and
mixed and passed through a fine lawn or sieve and the steatite or soap stone is also
reduced washed and sifted in like manner.
The said 'eight parts of the mixture and ten parts of steatite or soap stone are
mixed together and before use 'are.again passed through a fine sieve.
In the method or process of manufacture of the screw stopper from the reduced
material or composition prepared as described and in the condition of a slightly
damp powder the article is produced by means of dies and pressure in the following
manner.
A mould or box (preferably of iron or steel) with a central aperture is employed
in this aperture the bottom die (made preferably of steel) is inserted with the part
of the die adapted to form half the screw stopper, upwards then a portion of the
material regulated by measure or weight is filled in or placed over this die and
finally the upper die (also preferably made of steel) is placed over 'the material with
its forming part downwards. The mould or box with the upper die slightly
projecting from its upper face is now placed under a suitable press and the two
dies are forcibly pressed together. The pressure is then removed the dies and
stopper pressed through the mould or box and the duly formed screw stopper taken
out dried and fired in the ordinary manner but without the usual shrinkage as in
the case of articles manufactured from earthenware.
Or if preferred the mould or box may be so formed as to 'include 'or contain
several pairs of dies from which a corresponding number of stoppers may be
produced at once of greater uniformity and with a saving of labour.
{
1
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention I will proceed to describe it
more particularly by the aid of the accompanying Drawings in which are represented
the several parts of apparatus above referred to.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
13
,2
Fig. 1 is an elevation of the mould or box C partly in section so as to show the
upper die 'A which is also shewn slightly raised.
Fig. 2 is a plan or horizontal view of the mould or box C and dies.

page_text: Fig. 4 shows a vertical cross section of the dies when removed from the mould
or box C the upper die being shewn at A and the lower die at B.
Fig. 5 is a back view of the two dies A and B.
And Fig. 6 shows a finished stopper as made by means of the said mould or
box C and dies A and B.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. The manufacture of a screw stopper for closing the mouths of bottles of
the composition herein before described by means of a nould or box and dies in the
manner and for the purpose substantially as hereinbefore described.
Secondly. The use of such mould or box and dies as and for the purpose
substantially as bereinbefore described.