IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANICAL MOVE- MENTS ADAPTED FOR USE IN CLOCKS AND WATCHES, AND WHEREVER ELSE DESIRED TO MULTIPLY MOTION OR TO CONVERT SPEED INTO POWER
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANICAL MOVE-
MENTS ADAPTED FOR USE IN CLOCKS AND WATCHES, AND WHEREVER ELSE
DESIRED TO MULTIPLY MOTION OR TO CONVERT SPEED INTO POWER."
A communication from abroad by William Farr Goodwin, of East
New York, in the State of New York, United States of America.
Sealed the 5th May 1868, and dated the 20th February 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William
Edward
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 20th February 1868.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANICAL
MOVEMENTS ADAPTED FOR USE IN CLOCKS AND WATCHES, AND WHEREVER ELSE
IT IS DESIRED TO MULTIPLY MITION OR TO CONVERT SPEED INTO POWER,"
to be as follows:-

page_text: be used in the construction of watches or clocks, but which may be
used wherever such increase of velocity is required, and which may be
also adapted to convert speed into power, as in hoisting engines, and
wherever else such application may be desired.
An outer case or cylinder is provided on its inner face with any,
desired number of teeth or cogs arranged in rings; or a series of
internally cogged drums or compartiments A', A2, A", may be employed.
The outer case or drum or one of the end compartments A', as the case
may be, is provided with a sleeve or journal box B, in which is mounted
the main or driving shaft C to the outer end of which the driving power,
may be applied. The inner end of the shaft has keyed or otherwise
secured to it an arm D which rotates with the shaft C, and has mounted
upon a stud at its outer swinging end (or ends) a transmitting wheel. E
which gears with and receives motion upon its own stud or pivot from the
drum, and transmits such motion to a pinion F keyed to a second shaft C'
arranged in line with and having a pivotal bearing in the end of the
first shaft C. A partition or division plate affords a bearing to the other
end of the second shaft C' which passes through it, and is provided with
a second arm D' similar to the arm on the first shaft C; this arm D'
has mounted upon its outer swinging end a second transmitting wheel
E which gears with the internally cogged casing and transmits its
motion received therefrom to a third shaft C and pinion F', which
shaft has a pivotal bearing in the second shaft C' similar to that of the
second shaft C in the first shaft C; this third shaft C has a second
bearing in and projects through a second partition or division plate,
and is provided with an arm and transmitting wheel gearing with the
external case and communicating motion to a fourth shaft C³ and
pinion F, having an arrangement similar to those already described.
This arrangement may be continued to any desired extent, the last shaft
of the series projecting from tlte external casing and being connected to
the second or minute hand of a clock or watch where used for that
purpose.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 20th August 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria by, Her,
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Edward Newton, Her, special
licence that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANICAL MOVEMENTS ADAPTED FOR USE
IN CLOCKS AND WATCHES, AND WHEREVER ELSE IT IS DESIRED TO MULTIPLY
MOTION OR TO CONVERT SPEED INTO POWER," being a communication from
abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked hereon (that
is to say):-
The mechanical movements which form the subject of tlie present

page_text: CON-
is a side elevation of the gear, case or drum enclosing the improved
gearing; Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section shewing the
struction of the gear case, and the arrangement of the internally cogged
rings and gearing therein; Fig. 3 is a similar section shewing a
modification in the construction of the case and rings, the same being
formed in separate compartments and united in any suitable manner;
Fig. 4 represents a transverse section and a broken longitudinal section
shewing a modification of the gearing; and Fig. 5 represents similar
sections shewing how the movement of any one of the. enclosed shafts
or pinions may be transmitted to the exterior of the gear case.
This Invention consists in a novel construction and arrangement of
gearing and shafts for the purpose of multiplying motion adapted to be
used in the construction of watches or clocks, but which may be used
wherever such increase of velocity is required, and which may be also
adapted to convert speed into power, as in hoisting engines, and wherever
else such application may be desired.
The outer case or cylinder A is provided on its inner face with any
desired number of teeth or cogs, either cast therewith or cast separately
in rings; or a series of internally cogged drums or compartments A',
A2, A3, may be employed, as shewn in the Drawings.
The outer case
or drum or one of the end compartments A' (as the case may be) is
provided with a sleeve or journal box B, in which is mounted the main
or driving shaft C to the outer end of which the driving power may be
applied in any convenient manner. The inner end of the shaft has
keyed or otherwise secured to it an arm D which rotates with the
shaft C, and has mounted upon a stud at its outer swinging end (or
ends) a transmitting wheel E, which gears with and receives motion
upon its own stud or pivot from the drum A, and transmits such motion
to a pinion Farranged upon and keyed to a second shaft C' arranged
in line with and having a pivotal bearing in the end of shaft C. A
partition or division plate a affords a bearing to the other end of the
shaft which passes through it, and is provided with a second
arm D' similar to the arm D on the shaft C; the arm D has mounted
upon its outer swinging end a second transmitting wheel E which
gears with the internally cogged casing and transmits the motion
received therefrom to a third shaft and pinion F, which shaft has
a pivotal bearing in shaft C' similar to that of the shaft C¹ in the
shaft C; this shaft C has a second bearing in and projects through

page_text: arm and
a second partition or division plate, and is provided with an
transmitting wheel which gears with the external case and communicates
motion to a fourth shaft C, and pinion having an arrangement similar
to those already described. This arrangement may be continued to any
desired extent, the last shaft of the series projecting from the external
casing A, and being connected to the second or minute hand of
or watch where used for that purpose.
a
clock
The operation of the gearing, supposing the internally cogged
stationary case or cases to have sixty teeth, and the pinions twelve
each, will be as follows:-Motion being imparted to shaft C, the arm D
is carried with it, and the transmitting wheel E is caused to traverse
the drum and to transmit its motion received therefrom to the pinion F
and shaft C; the drum having sixty teeth, and the pinion twelve, it
will be evident that for each time that the wheel E traverses the drum
five revolutions will be imparted therefrom to the pinion F and second
shaft.C. but the rotation of the shaft C with the shaft C gives an
additional revolution to the shaft C, which, together with the arm D'
mounted thereon, has consequently six revolutions to one of the shaft C
and arm D. The second transmitting wheel E' mounted on the arm D'
and shaft C is thus made to traverse the drum six times, while the
wheel E traverses the drum once, and the increased velocity resulting
froni such use of the drum, together with the increased velocity of the
second shaft C', is imparted to a third shaft C, and so on through
a series of any desired number of shafts, viz.. the shaft. C has
one revolution to six revolutions of the shaft C. thirty-six of the
third shaft. C, and two hundred and sixteen revolutions of the fourth
shaft C, the ratio of increase of each succeeding shaft being as six
to one.
In Fig. 5 the stationary external gear case is shewn as slotted or
perforated to admit the gear wheels which take into corresponding
wheels H' arranged on the shaft or shafts, the movement of which it is
A variation in the
desired to convey to the exterior of the case or drum.
size or diameter of such wheels may of course be made to vary the speed
of the external shaft from that of its internal driving shaft should such
variation be required.
In Fig. 4 the arms on which the transmitting wheels are mounted

page_text: two transmitting wheels, one on each arm, each gearing with the external
drum and a common pinion, so as to counterbalance or diminish the
strain upon the carrying arms and give additional strength to the
arrangement.
Having now described the Invention which has been communicated
to me as aforesaid, and having explained the manner of carrying the
same into effect, what I claim as new in the above-described improve-
ments is,--
First. The employment of two or more shafts arranged in line with
each other, one having a pivotal bearing in and receiving motion from
the other, as described.
Second. The arrangement of two or more line shafts having bearings
within a concentric gear case or drum, as described.
Third. The arrangement in the gear case of bearing partitions or
separate compartments affording bearings for the line shafts, as described.
Fourth. The manner of communicating motion from any of the
several line shafts through the slotted case or drum, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton. have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Nineteenth day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-eight.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON. (1..S.)