Improvements in or connected with Tools employed in Working Wood, and such as Planes, Spoke Shaves, and the like.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 5th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 14th Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Tools employed in Working
Wood, and such as Planes, Spoke Shaves, and the like.
I, WILLIAM SHEARS, of The George and Dragon Hotel, Thames Ditton, in the
County of Surrey, Licensed Victualler, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
. This invention relates to improvements in or connected with tools employed in
working wood, and, such as, planes, spoke shaves, and the like, and has for its
object to enable the acting face of the tool to be readily converted to the shape
required for the kind of work that it is desired to perform.
With wood working tools such as planes, spoke shaves and the like, as at present
constructed, it is necessary for the workman to have a number of complete tools
formed with faces of various shapes according to the form which is desired to be
given to the wood, and this involves a very heavy outlay for tools.
Now, according to my invention, I obviate the necessity for employing a separate
tool for each variation in the form required to be given to the work, and I enable
a single tool to perform a number of such operations: for example, I take an
ordinary smoothing plane, and by means of my invention I convert the tool into a
circular, hollow, round, or other shape with great facility.
For this purpose, I form the stock or body of the tool with a dove-tail groove
thereon, and employ in connection therewith a number of separate faces, each
formed with a dove-tail tenon or projection thereon and adapted to take into the
dove-tail groove of the stock or body and thus to be instantaneously and securely
but removeably attached to the stock or body of the tool.
Each tool or each stock or body I provide with a number of faces, each having
a separate form, such as is now given to the face of separate tools, so that I am
enabled, instantaneously to convert say a smoothing plane into a plane for producing
hollows, rounds, or the like.
In connection with the removeable face I employ a separate iron or cutter of a
shape corresponding with that of the face and I fix and adjust each iron or cutter
in the stock or body of the tool in the ordinary way. The iron or cutter passes
through a slot in the face, and, being secured in the ordinary manner, retains the
face in position.
By these means, I dispense with the necessity for employing a separate stock
or body to each iron or cutter of a given shape whilst I enable a single tool
to be employed for a variety of work and such as either plane, concave, or
convex.
Dated this 4th day of March 1892.
VAUGHAN & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Tools employed in Working
Wood, and such as Planes, Spokes Shaves, and the like.
I, WILLIAM SHEARS, of The George and Dragon Hotel, Thames Ditton, in the
County of Surrey, Licensed Victualler, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly.
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My said invention relates to improvements in or connected with tools employed"
[Prime 8.7

page_text: in working wood, and, such as planes, spoke-shaves and the like, and has for its
object to enable the acting face of the tool to be readily converted to the shape
required for the kind of work that it is desired to perform.
With wood working tools such as planes, spoke shaves and the like, as at present
constructed, it is necessary for the workman to have a number of complete tools
formed with faces of various shapes according to the form which is desired to be
given to the wood, and this involves a very heavy outlay for tools.
Now, according to my invention, I obviate the necessity for employing a separate
tool for each variation in the form required to be given to the work, and I enable
a single. tool to perform a number of such operations; for example, 1 take an
ordinary smoothing plane, and by means of my invention I convert the tool into a
circular, hollow, round, or other shape with great facility:
For this purpose, I form the stock or body of the tool with a dove-tailed groove.
therein, and I employ in connection therewith a number of separate faces, cach
formed with a dovetail tenon or projection thereon and adapted to take into the
dovetail groove of the stock or body and thus to be instantaneously and securely
but removeably attached to the stock or body of the tool.
Each tool or each stock or body I provide with a number of faces, each having
a separate form, such as is now given to the face of separate tools, so that I am
enabled, instantaneously to convert say a smoothing plane into a plane for producing
hollows, rounds or the like.
In connection with the removeable face, I employ a separate iron or cutter of a
shape corresponding with that of the face and I fix and adjust each iron or cutter
in the stock or body of the tool in the ordinary way. The iron or cutter passes
through a slot in the face, and, being secured in the ordinary manner, retains the
face in-position.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying drawings, more fully
to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1, is a perspective view of a smoothing plane having my invention applied
thereto, and fitted with a plain face.
Figure 2, is a transverse section thereof drawn to an enlarged scale.
Figure 3, is a transverse section of a hollow face separately adapted to be fitted
thereto, and,,
Figure 4, is a similar view of a round face.
Figure 5, is a perspective view of a router fitted with the face of a circular plough
according to my invention.
Figure 6, is a separate perspective view of the face drawn to an enlarged scale,
and
Figure 7, is a similar view representing the flat face of the ordinary, router...
Figure 8, is a face view of a spoke-shave fitted with a plain face according to my
invention.
Figure 9, is a transverse section of such plain face separately drawn to an
enlarged scale, and,
Figure 10, is a similar view of a round face adapted to be substituted therefor.
In the several figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
Referring to Figures 1, and 2, a. represents the stock. or body of an ordinary
smoothing plane which is formed with a slightly tapered longitudinal dovetailed
groove a in, the underside thereof, and 6. represents the face of the plane which in
this case is plain and represents a dovetailed tenon or projection formed upon
the upper side of the face b. and which is adapted to take into the dovetailed
groove a of the stock or body a. and thus instantaneously and securely but
removeably attach the face b. to the stock or body a.
g
The stock or body a. is provided with a number of separate faces b, each having
a different form, such, for example, as the plain face represented at Figures. I

page_text: and 2, the hollow face represented at Figure 3, or the round face represented at
Figure 4, and such as is now given to the faces of separate tools, and it is thus
possible by removing the face b. and substituting therefor the shape desired to.
instantaneously convert say, a smoothing plane into a plane for producing hollows,
rounds, or the like.
In connection with the moveable face b. a separate iron or cutter c. is employed
provided with a cutting edge of a shape corresponding with that of the face 6. and
this iron or cutter c. is fixed and adjusted in the stock or body a. of the tool in the
ordinary manner, whilst the iron or cutter c. passes through a slot in the face b.
and thus assists to retain the face b. in position.
In the example given at Figures 5. and 6, the invention is shown applied to the
stock or body a. of an ordinary router, the face b. which in this case is fitted thereto
being that of a circular plough, so that an ordinary router is temporarily converted
into a circular plough.
The construction of the acting parts of a circular plough being well known and
forming no part of the present invention it is unnecessary here to enter into a more
complete description thereof.
When it is desired to restore the router to its ordinary form, the circular plough
face b. is removed and the face b. of an ordinary router, which is represented at
Figure 7, is substituted therefor, as will be readily understood, the means of con-
necting either of these faces with the body a. being similar to those hereinbefore
described with respect to Figures 1. to 4.
In the example given at Figures 8. and 9, the invention is shown applied to the
stock or body a. of an ordinary spoke-shave the face applied thereto, being a plain
face of the ordinary character, but attached thereto in accordance with the present
invention, the dovetail projection in this case being formed by the edges of the
face, instead of by a separate tenon provided upon the upper side thereof, as
indicated in the previous figures, whilst at Figure 10. a round face is shown of
similar construction to that represented at Figures 8. and 9. and adapted to be
substituted therefor in the manner hereinbefore described.
I would here remark that although I have herein shown my invention as applied
to three tools of different character, my invention is equally applicable to many
other wood working tools, and that although I have shown only two or three faces
in connection with each tool it is evident that any number of faces of different
shape may be employed in connection therewith.
By these means, I dispense with the necessity for employing a separate stock or
body for each iron or cutter of a different shape, whilst I enable a tool to be
employed for a variety of work, and, such as, the formation of plain, concave, or
convex surfaces or the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In a wood working tool, the combination of a body or stock, a removeable
face to such body shaped to the form desired to be given to the work, and means
for readily fixing and releasing the removeable face in relation to the body, sub-
stantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
2. In a wood working tool, the combination of a body or stock, a removeable
face to such body shaped to the form desired to be given to the work, and a cutter
or iron similarly shaped, and means for readily fixing and releasing the removeable
face in relation to the body, substantially as herein shown and described and for
the purpose stated.
3. In a wood working tool, the combination of a body or stock, a dovetailed
groove formed in the underside of the body or stock, a removeable face shaped to
the form required to be given to the work and a dovetailed tenon upon the upper
side of such face adapted to engage the dovetailed groove of the body or stock,
substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.

page_text: 4. In a wood working tool, the combination of a body or stock, a number of
interchangeable faces of varying shape, means of readily fixing and releasing each
face in relation to the body or stock and a number of irons or cutters corresponding
with the shape of the faces, substantially as herein shown and described and for the
purpose stated.
Dated this 5th day of December 1892.
VAUGHAN & SON,.
Agents for the Applicant.