THE MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF CERTAIN SUBSTANCES, WHICH I DENOMINATE THE BRITISH TAPIOCA," AND. THE CAKES AND THE FLOUR TO BE MADE FROM THE SAME
Year: 1830

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
MOINNES, of Auchenreock, and of Woodburn, in the County of Stirling, sond
greeting.
WHEREAS His late most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth, by
His Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twenty-fourth day of April, in the eleventh year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John McInnes, His especial leave, licence, and full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said John M-Innes, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or.
such others as I, the said John MoInnès, my exors, amors, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention or discovery of "THE MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION
OF CERTAIN SUBSTANCES, WHICH I DENOMINATE THE BRITISH TAPIOCA," AND. THE
CAKES AND THE FLOUR TO BE MADE FROM THE SAME;" in which said Lettors
Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said John McInnes, by an instru-
mont in writing under my hand and seal, shall cause a particular description of
the nature of my said Invention or discovery, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in

page_text: part recited Letters Patent, as in and by
had, will more fully and at large appear.
the same reference being thereunto
'
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John M'Innes, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention or
discovery, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, by the
following description thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention or discovery consists in the manufacture or preparation from
tuberous rooted plants, indigenous to or cultivated in Great Britain, but
more particularly from the potato, that root appearing to possess a greater
strength in its mucilage or starch, and to yield a greater quantity than-that of
most others, independant of its ready accessibility and cheapness, and the
method I have persued in the manufacturo or preparation is in manner
following: The potatoes, parsnips, beetroots, or whatever kind of tuberous
root is selected, is thoroughly washed and cleaned; they are then grated or.
mashed, plenty of water being used, until they are reduced to a complete pulp,
which reduction is effected much in the same way, I believe, as in the ordinary
method of making potato starch; the mucilage or farine is then separated from
the fibre by means of common sieves, and washed with water until it becomes
quite pure and white. The farine is then exposed to the air to dry, by which
the moisture. is speedily evaporated, and the farine is then gradually put
through a common sieve into a broad cast-iron pan placed on the fire, and
kept constantly stirred, in order to prevent its adhering to the pan; it soon
assumes a granulated appearance, and when it feels dry and gritty it is taken
off the fire and is then become what I denominate "the British tapioca.":
The above process of preparing it is very similar. to. that observed by me for.
several years in. the West Indies in the manufacture of tapioca from the:
cassada. root, I denominate "the British tapioca;" may be used by itself as
an ordinary article. of food, and cooked in the same way in which meal or flour
is cooked, and it forms a wholesome; nourishing, and strengthening. diet. In
order to make the cakes out of the farine, a wooden frame of the size or shape
the cakes are wished is placed on the pan before mentioned, filled up with
farine, taking care that the pan is not too hot, in order to prevent the cake
becoming too hard and flinty. These cakes are very portable, and preserved
uninjured for several years; hence their extreme suitableness for long.voyages
and campaignis, as well as for asylums, hospitals, prisons and poor housoši
To reduce. what I denominate "the British- tapioca" into flour, it is only.
necessary to grind in a flour mill in the ordinary way. The flour then obtained
when mixed with that from wheat is fit for any purpose to which wheaten
flour is applied, and flour composed of the two mixed together adds greatly to
"

page_text: the delicacy and nutriment of any composition in which wheaten flour is used.
Although any ordinary pan may serve the purpose of drying the farine, yet I
have found that a pan made of cast iron is best suited for the manufacture.
And such my Invention or discovery being, to the best of my knowledge
and belief, entirely new, and never before used within that part of His Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, His Dominion
of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I do hereby declare this to be my
Specification of the same, and that I do verily believe that my Specification
doth comply in all respects fully and without reserve or disguise with the
provisions in the said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent contained,
wherefore I hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to my said
Invention or discovery.
In witness whereof, I, the said John McInnes, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty.
JOHN (L.S.) MINNES.
Taken and acknowledged by John McInnes, party
hereto, the Fourteenth day of September, 1830,
at Edinburgh, before me,
ALEX. IRVING,
One of the Lords of Session in Scotland.
This is the Specification referred to in the annexed affidavit of Allen George
Field, sworn before me, the 18th October 1830, at the Public Office.
R. H. EDEN.
ALLEN GEORGE FIELD, of Great Hermitage Street, in the County of Middle-
sex, Gentleman, maketh oath, that he is acquainted with Alexander Irving (one
of the Lords of Session in Scotland), and is acquainted with his handwriting.
And this deponent further saith, that the signature to the acknowledgment on
the Specification hereunto annexed is the signature of the said Alexander
Irving, and that the said Alexander Irving was at the date and time of
signing such Specification one of the Lords of Session in Scotland.
ALLEN GEO. FIELD.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the oath of Allen-George Field tho.
Specification aforesaid was inrolled, word for word, as above written. And
also the Specification aforesaid was stamped, according to the tenor of tlie;
Statute made for that purpose.
-Inrolled the Twenty-third day of October, in the year of our Lord One: 5
thousand night. hundred and thirty: