IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFAC- TURE OF SESQUICHLORIDE OF CARBON AND OTHER CHEMICAL PRODUCTS."
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Albert Eugène Damoiseau, of Paris, France,
Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFAC-
TURE OF SESQUICHLORIDE OF CARBON AND OTHER CHEMICAL PRODUCTS."
TURE OF SESQUICHLORIDE OF CARBON AND OTHER CHEMICAL PRODUCTS.'
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Albert Eugène
Damoiseau at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 13th December 1873.
I, ALBERT EUGÈNE DAMOISEAU, of Paris, France, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF SESQUICHLORIDE OF CARBON AND OTHER CHEMICAL PRODUCTS," to
be as follows:-
My Invention consists in manufacturing sesquichloride of carbon by
causing a mixture in the required proportions of chlorine and hydro-
carbon gases to pass through granulated bone black (previously freed
from calcareous matters), charcoal, pomicestone, or other suitable
-porous material contained in a platinum, porcelain, or other suitable
tube heated to any suitable degree, and collecting the formed sesqui-

page_text: chloride in any suitable receiver. My improved process consequently
does entirely away with the use of solar light, and I intend applying the
same to the manufacture of other chemical products beside sesqui-
chloride of carbon, in which the substitution of, one or more equivalents
of the hydrogen of a hydrocarbon is to take place cither by chlorine,
iodine, bromine, fluorine, or other similar agents.
Hitherto in the manufacture of sesquichloride of carbon the substitu-
tion by chlorine of the hydrogen of a hydrocarbon was obtained under
the influence of solar light, the action of which varying continuously
rendered the process extremely uncertain and difficult, and thus caused
the high price of the said sesquichloride so as to form a serious impedi-
ment to its application to other chemical operations in which the same
might otherwise be usefully employed.
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said Albert
Eugène Damoiseau in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th
June 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALBERT
EUGÈNE DAMOISEAU, of Paris, France, Gentleman, send greeting.
year
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of December, in the
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Albert Eugène Damoiseau, Her special
licence that I, the said Albert Eugène Damoiseau, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Albert Eugènè
Damoiseau, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SESQUICHLORIDE OF CARBON AND OTHER
CHEMICAL PRODUCTS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Albert Eugène Damoiseau, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under I, or their, or one of their hands and seals,

page_text: should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Albert Eugène Damoiseau, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
Hitherto in the manufacture of sesquichloride of carbon the substitu-
tion of chloride of the hydrogen of a hydrocarbon was obtained under
the influence of solar light, the action of which varying continuously
rendered the process extremely uncertain and difficult, and thus caused
the high price of the said sesquichloride, so as to form a serious impedi-
ment in its application to other chemical operations in which the same
might otherwise be usefully employed.
For the manufacture of sesquichloride of carbon I take a mixture of
four volumes of chlorine and three volumes of hydrochloric ether, or an
equivalent quantity of vapour of chlorine of ethelene, and cause the
same to pass into a tube of platinum, porcelain, or other suitable material
heated to from 250 to 300 degrees centigrade, the said tube containing
either bone black or animal charcoal, or any other form of carbon
having great power of absorption. The product of the reaction passes
next into a large stoneware vessel kept at the ordinary temperature by a
stream of cold water running round it. In this vessel the required
substance, viz., sesquichloride of carbon, condenses. The remainder of
the product of the reaction, of hydrochloric acid and chlorine of ethyl
uncombined, passes into another vessel filled with water, in which the
hydrochloric acid is condensed, and the chloride of ethyl in the gaseous
state and uncombined escapes at the end of the apparatus.
The above reaction is expressed in chemical notation by one or other
of the following well known formulae :-
CH³Cl + 10 C1 = 0°01° + 5 HCI

page_text: obtained in practice is from 180 to 200 parts, the remainder of the
chloride of ethyl escaping uncombined in the gaseous state at the end of
the apparatus.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into
effect, I would observe that I do not restrict myself to the precise details,
as many variations may be made therefrom without deviating from my
Invention, but what I claim is, obtaining sesquichloride of carbon from
the mixture of bodies herein-before specified, treated substantially as
and in the manner herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Albert Eugene Damoiseau, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.