matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN FISH SLICES OR COOKING SLICES FOR TURNING OVER OB LIFTING FISH OR OTHER ARTICLES BEING COOKED
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Frederick Kittoe at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 14th July 1868,
I, EDMUND FREDERICK KITTOE, of Maryland Point, Stratford, in the
County of Essex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FISH SLICES OR COOKING SLICES FOR TURNING OVER OB
LIFTING FISH OR OTHER ARTICLES BEING COOKED," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in fish slices or
cooking slices for turning over or lifting fish or other articles being
cooked. For this purpose I form the slice in several parts, one of which
is fixed to the handle, whilst the others are connected to the fixed
portion of the slice by pin or other suitable joints. The moveable parts
are connected by links or connecting rods to a ring or slide capable of
being moved to and fro along the handle of the slice, or such parts may
be operated by other suitable means. When it is desired to lift or
turn over any article being cooked the several parts of the slice are
arranged underneath each other in order that the slice may be readily

page_text: inserted underneath such articles, and then the moveable parts of the
slice are caused to travel outwards, and thereby present a more extended
surface to the article being cooked than before, whereby the risk of
breaking such article when lifting it or turning it over is greatly
reduced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHESS BOARDS AND CHESS MEN
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Owen at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th June
1868.
I, GEORGE OWEN, of 24, Compton Terrace, Islington, in the County
of Middlesex, Dentist, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHESS BOARDS AND CHESS MEN," to be as
follows:-
I construct my chess board and chess men in either of the two
following ways, that is to say :-I insert a magnet or magnets in each
square of the chess board and attach a disc of thin sheet iron to the base
of each pawn and piece; or I insert a magnet of suitable form in the
base of each pawn and piece, and into or upon each square of the chess
board I fix a button or disc of iron. By this contrivance the pawns and
pieces are held securely in their places upon the board.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN SPINNING Looмs
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Adrien Bonneville at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 8th December 1868.-A communication from William Gilpin,
residing at Vazemmes, in the Empire of France, Mechanist.
I, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, 18, Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, in the Empire of France, and
10, Sackville Street, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SPINNING Looмs," a communication from William Gilpin, a
person resident at Vazemmes, in the Empire of France, aforesaid,
Mechanist, to be as follows:-
The improvements communicated to me relate to a peculiar disposition
of mechanism applicable to that sort of loom for spinning flax, hemp,
and other such like textile materials in which pressure rollers are used,
and which allows of making use of rollers of the smallest diameter,
and of exerting a constant pressure parallel to the plane of the loom.
This mechanism consists in a pressure piece oscillating on a pivot which
slides in a slide at the extremity of a support fixed to the bar of the

page_text: loom, this oscillation being obtained by means of a connecting or
drawing rod of which one extremity is fixed to the said pressure piece
whilst the other extremity is connected with the lever of a steelyard,
the moveable counterweight of which allows of increasing or diminishing
the pressure exerted by the pressure piece on the rollers.
The accompanying Drawing represents a side view of the said
mechanism. A, being the support; B, the pivot; C, the pressure piece;
D, the slide in the support; E, the bar of the loom; F, the connecting
rod; G, the steelyard lever; H, the counterweight.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND TWISTING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Tasker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 17th February 1868.
I, WILLIAM HENRY TASKER, of Bradford, in the County of York,
Glass Blower and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR
SPINNING AND TWISTING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows :-
This Invention relates to further improvements in machinery for
which Provisional Protection has been granted to John Speight, bearing
date the 9th day of October 1867, in which Invention metal flyers are
employed suspended by the neck and having a hole through the said
neck for the passage of the yarn. In practice it is found that the yarn
in passing becomes chafed by constant friction on the metal unless the
metal is rendered very smooth in the interior, and the labour required
to effect this is expensive. Now to remedy this evil I introduce a tube
of fine polished glass, or of glazed pot, or of metal or other material
enamelled, or by having the interior of the hole in the neck of the flyer
enamelled.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND CARRIAGES FOR RAILWAYS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis William Fox at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd September 1868.
I, FRANCIS WILLIAM Fox, of Atlas Iron Works, near Bristol, in the
County of Gloucester, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND CARRIAGES FOR RAILWAYS," to
be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object to dispense with the bogie trucks
for railway engines and carriages, and is especially applicable to com-
bined locomotives and carriages or to coupled locomotives. For this
purpose I connect the contiguous ends of the framework of the engines
or carriages, or engine and carriages combined, by means of springs or
elastic rings inserted in both or one of the frames, through which springs
or elastic rings a circular bolt or bolts passes or pass, securing the frames
together in such a manner that they can freely turn laterally upon
such bolt; the two frames are however so connected together as to form
practically one admitting of no other relative motion beyond such
lateral motion round the connecting bolt. The elastic rings may for

page_text: this purpose be made either flat or dished out with a cup-shaped recess
in the centre. The frame of the one carriage or engine being thus
supported by that of the other engine or carriage to which it is con-
nected, the ordinary pair of wheels under end of the one carriage or
engine so connected are dispensed with, and in place thereof I provide
a support or wheel or wheels capable of being raised from and lowered
upon the rails by any suitable known mechanical contrivance, so as to
serve as a support for that end of the carriage or engine when discon-
nected from the other carriage.
IMPROVEMENT IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING MACHINERY
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jabez Bunting Farrar at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents,, with his Petition, on the
20th April 1868.
I, JABEZ BUNTING FARRAR, of Halifax, in the County of York,
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENT IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to that class. of spinning and doubling
machinery known as "cap frames," and the improvements consist in
the application to and upon each spindle or stud betwixt the lifter and
the rail in which the studs are fixed of a cup, dish, or reservoir to
contain oil or other lubricant. This cup is supported by a spiral spring
which rests upon the stud rail. The elasticity of the spring lifts the
said cup up to the lifter on its rising, and the lifter depresses the spring
and forces the cup down on its lowering, thus distributing the oil or
lubricant on the spindles or studs.
IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR FISHING SHIPS' ANCHORS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Robert Augustus
Glover at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 10th July 1868.
I, FREDERICK ROBERT AUGUSTUS GLOVER, of Brading, in the Isle
of Wight, Master of Arts, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR FISHING SHIPS'
ANCHORS," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to fish ships' anchors with increased
facility and less liability to danger than heretofore. To this end I adapt
to one of the arms of the anchor a ring, which is capable of sliding or
varying its position along the arm of the anchor from the crown to the
palm. This ring may if desired be hinged or jointed, so that it may be
removed from the anchor if required, and to it is attached a light chain
of sufficient strength to lift the anchor. The other end of this chain is
attached to any convenient part of the cable, so that if desired it may
be drawn therewith through the hawse hole in order that it may be laid
hold of for the purpose of lifting by its palm the anchor to the cathead,
and thereby fishing the anchor.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAFTS OR STAGES TO CARRY PASSENGERS, MERCHANDIZE, ARTICLES, AND THINGS AT SEA AND OTHER NAVIGABLE PLACES, AND IN THE MEANS OF PROPELLING THE SAME
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Bewicke Blackburn and
Alexander Bewicke Blackburn at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 14th April 1868.
We, BEWICKE BLACKBURN, and ALEXANDER BEWICKE BLACKBURN, of
Hans Place, Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAFTS OR STAGES TO
CARRY PASSENGERS, MERCHANDIZE, ARTICLES, AND THINGS AT SEA AND OTHER
NAVIGABLE PLACES, AND IN THE MEANS OF PROPELLING THE SAME," to be
as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to carry large numbers of passengers
and goods over water with the steadiness which an ordinary vessel has
only at its centre of gravity, the structure being capable of passing
through narrow channels. To effect this a long stage or other suitable
structure, upon or in which passengers and goods can be accomodated,
is supported above the water level by means of girders, the ends of
which are pivotted or jointed to the stage and to three or more pontoons,
so as to give certain freedom of movement in all directions at the
centres of gravity of the pontoons or vessels, fitted with rudders and
propellers. As therefore the stage or structure takes its hearing on

page_text: those points of the pontoons or vessels at which the motion of rolling
and pitching is at a minimum, the whole stage or structure can traverse
rough water with a proportionately reduced oscillatory motion. The
transverse girders are hinged or jointed at their junction with the stage
or structure, so that the pontoons can close together and occupy less
room when entering a harbour or narrow channel. They are also
capable of spreading out to a considerable width beyond the stage or
structure whilst at sea, thereby affording a wide and steady base upon
the water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND HOMOGENEOUS IRON
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Armstrong at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
March 1868.
I, HENRY ARMSTRONG, of Tow Law, in the County of Durham,
Blacksmith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND HOMOGENEOUS IRON," to
be as follows:-
I propose decarbonising the crude iron by means of oxygen being
blown through it while in a molten state, then I transfer the de-
carbonised iron in a cooled or molten state into a furnace on the
Siemens' or any other principle or construction heated up to a high.
heat to mix with as much crude carbonaceous or carboniferous iron as
the hardness of the metallic substance to be produced may require,
allowing a sufficient time for uniformity of construction to take place,,
then run into moulds as may be required.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN COMBINED PEN AND INK HOLDERS OB FOUNTAIN PENHOLDERS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 10th February 1868.-A communication from abroad by
Nicolas Jourdeuil, of Toulon, France.
I, CLINTON EDGCUMBE BROOMAN, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman,
and Company, of 166, Fleet Strect, in the City of London, Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN COMBINED PEN AND INK HOLDERS OB FOUNTAIN PENHOLDERS,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to construct penholders which will
contain ink and supply it continuously or intermittently to the pen
when in use. The body or stem of the penholder is made tubular or
hollow, and is enlarged near the top to form a reservoir for the ink.
This enlargement is terminated by a neck through which the ink is
introduced, and the neck is closed by a stopper. This stopper may be
a metal cover with a screw thread, or a cork or caoutchouc stopper
connected to a thin plate, which is kept in place by a pin passed
through it and the cork. The inner end of the pin is secured by a
rivet, and the outer end has a ring or button which serves for use in
pulling out the stopper; or the outer end may be flush to allow the

page_text: penholder to be stood with the pen upwards. The ink reservoir has a
small opening to admit air for producing the flow of the ink; with this
opening an ordinary cork or stopper may be used,, but if it be deemed de-
sirable not to have the opening I employ to close the neck a flanged piston
held in the neck by a metal plate; the air will enter the ink reservoir,
but neither air nor ink can issue by the piston; the metal plate may
be perforated to facilitate the introduction of the air. The front or
lower part of the penholder which conducts the ink to the pen, and
which I call the ejector, is constructed as follows:-The continuation
of the body or stem is terminated by a small tube which receives a
tubular piece of caoutchouc having the form of an elephant's trunk,
or other convenient form to bear against the inner face of the pen; it
may be fitted with a valve. The small tube should have just suffi.
cient internal diameter to allow no more ink to pass than is necessary
to keep the pen wet. If an intermittent flow be required two, four,
or more enlargements are made in the holder by means of a caoutchouc
collar; the ink enters these enlargements and flows therefrom upon
the application of slight pressure. Any form of pen may be used with
these holders, and fitted thereto in any convenient manner; but in
some cases I make special pens, which carry the elephant's trunk or
a metal tube in place thereof.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Lawson and Arthur
Tredgold Lawson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 13th November 1808.
We, THOMAS LAWSON, of Leeds, in the County of York, Machine
Maker, and ARTHUR TREDGOLD LAWSON, of Leeds aforesaid, Machine
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CARDING ENGINES," to be as follows:-
Our improvements, consist, first, in making the shell of carding
engine cylinders of wrought iron, either rolled or welded in one
cylindrical piece; the shell thus made is connected with the ends of the
cylinder, which are fixed on the axis by flanges and bolts or in other
convenient way; or the shell may be made of several such pieces
coupled together with flanges formed on the inner side of such pieces.
Our improvements consist, secondly, in making a carding engine
cylinder of a number of drums or pulleys fitted on a shaft, the pulleys
having cast-iron rims or shells and hollow wrought-iron arms, and are
thus carried by the axis independently the one of the other.
AN IMPROVED FLOOR DOG. OR CRAMP
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Banks at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
September 1868.
I, RICHARD BANKS, of Saddleworth, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED FLOOR DOG.
OR CRAMP," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in improved apparatus for forcing flooring-
boards or other articles closely together before they are permanently
fixed.
On the joist or other support I place a frame having at one side an
stationary plate provided with a number of pointed pins, and the plate.
is pinched up to the joist or support by means of a. lever and eccentric,.
or by a screw, so that the frame shall be effectually fastened. In
grooves or guides at the top of the frame there is a rack into which
is geared a toothed wheel,, to the shaft of which is fixed a lever, and
at each side of the wheel there are catches,. and when the lever is
turned in either direction the wheel moves. the rack and causes either-
end to give the required pinch. to the board or other article..
AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR AGGLOMERATING COAL OR OTHER COMBUSTIBLE. DUST IN ANY SHAPES, PARTICULARLY INTO SPHEROIDAL AND ELLIPSOIDAL FORMS AND PERMITTING. THE SIMULTANEOUS MANUFACTURE OF BALLS OR CAKES OF: VARIOUS SIZES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William. Edward Gedge at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 29th August 1868.-A communication from abroad by James
Salamon, Victor Freteur, and Casimir Troquier, all of 39, Faubourg
St. Martin, Paris, France..
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of the Firm of John Gedge and Son;...
of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for.
AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR AGGLOMERATING COAL OR OTHER COMBUSTIBLE.
DUST IN ANY SHAPES, PARTICULARLY INTO SPHEROIDAL AND ELLIPSOIDAL FORMS
AND PERMITTING. THE SIMULTANEOUS MANUFACTURE OF BALLS OR CAKES OF:
VARIOUS SIZES," a communication to me from abroad by James Salamon,
Victor Freteur, and Casimir Troquier, all of 39, Faubourg St. Martin,
Paris, France, to be as follows":―
The machine the subject of this Invention can agglomerate ordinary
coal, anthracite, coke,, charcoal dust, and any analogous combustible.

page_text: this movement being facilitated by a spring. The piston is brought
back to its primitive position by a second rail parallel to the first,
against which it constantly keeps it. The ball abandoned by the pistons
rolls on an inclined plane from which it is removed for storage.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAW HANDLES, AND IN SECURING THE SAME TO SAW BLADES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th April 1868.-A communication from abroad by Charles
White Hubbard, of Pittsburgh, in the County of Allegheny,
State of Pennsylvania, United States of America.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 4/7, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAW HANDLES, AND IN SECURING THE
SAME TO SAW BLADES," a communication to me from abroad by Charles
White Hubbard, of Pittsburgh, in the County of Allegheny, State of
Pennsylvania, United States of America, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in making a saw blade with a alot in the
rear end, which slot in form and size corresponds to the form and
size of a bolt carried in the handle, one end of which bolt is provided
with screw threads to which is fitted a screw nut placed in a recess
made in the said handle; the back end of the saw blade is fitted.
into a groove made in the front end of the handle. The part of the
handle which is grasped by the hand of the operator is formed of
wood and is secured to the metal part by means of screws or rivets.

page_text: When applying the handle to the blade the bolt is turned so that
its head will be in such a position as to enter the slot in the saw
blade, the back end of which blade is placed in a groove in the metal
part of the handle. The bolt is then turned so that its head will be
locked in the slot, and the nut is turned by any suitable means
until it and the bolt has drawn the handle and saw blade firmly and
securely together. It is obvious that the improved saw handle may
be made of metal or wood or of metal and wood combined.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STAYS OR CORSETS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James William Chilcot at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th December 1868.
I, JAMES WILLIAM CHILCOT, of Portsea, in the County of Hants,
Stay Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STAYS OR CORSETS,"
follows:-
to be as
My improvements in the construction of stays or corsets consist in
the employment of metal eyelets inserted in the seams, or bones, or in
both, whereby the seams and bones are materially strengthened and the
stitches are prevented from breaking away. The eyelets may extend
from end to end of the seams or bones or may be only inserted at those
points where a great degree of strength is required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN. RAILWAY POINT INDICATORS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Edwards at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd April
1868..
I,. JOHN EDWARDS, of 157,. Richmond Road, Hackney, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN. RAILWAY POINT INDICATORS," to be as follows:-
My, improvements consist in the adaptation and application of levers
or cams fixed at the tongue of, the points, which levers or cams are
worked by the signal lever to which they are connected, and unless the
points are in their proper position these levers or cams come in contact
with tongue of the points, indicating they are wrong, and thus
prevent the all-right signal being given until the points are put right..
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRACES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Arnott at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
November 1868.
I, SAMUEL ARNOTT, of Alsen Road, Seven Sisters Road, Holloway,.
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRACES," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in braces. For this
purpose I employ straps, bands, or webs, which are crossed or connected
to each other at the back, the front ends. are provided with button
holes as usual, and are buttoned to the trowsers at or near the side
seam, but instead of the ends which are usually buttoned to the back
of the trowsers being so secured they are brought round to the front,
and stitched or otherwise secured to the front ends a short distance
above the points at which they are buttoned to the trowsers. By these
means several buttons on the trowsers are dispensed with, greater case
in wear is secured, and it is impossible for the improved braces to slip,
off the shoulders, whilst they also tend to expand the chest.
AN IMPROVED KIND OF SAMPLE BAG OR ENVELOPE FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF SAMPLES OR PATTERNS OF MERCHANDISE BY POST
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert George Straker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th October 1868.
I, ALBERT GEORGE STRAKER, of 26, Leadenhall Street, in the City
of London, Stationer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED KIND OF SAMPLE BAG OR ENVELOPE FOR THE TRANSMISSION
OF SAMPLES OR PATTERNS OF MERCHANDISE BY POST," to be as follows:-
I make or form out of paper, linen, canvas, or any other material, an
envelope or bag open at end or side with a flap having two, three, or
more lappels, all being gummed in either one, three, or more operations.
I gum or cement the under side of the flap. In using the said envelope or
bag the sender attaches the flap or lappel at the two ends only marked
by on Drawings (star), the post official to examine the contents opens
the centre portion of the flap only along the white lines and secures
down again for the safe transmission of the contents of the said envelope
or bag.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TROUSERS AND BREECHES OB OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES OF WEARING APPAREL
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Andrews at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st
January 1868.
I, EDWIN ANDREWS, of Huddersfield, in the County of York,
Practical Tailor and Professional Cutter, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TROUSERS AND BREECHES OB
OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES OF WEARING APPAREL," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to render trousers and other similar
articles of dress less liable to split, and to give a certain degree of
clasticity to the hip, seat, and knee, and it is particularly adapted for
horsemen and others whose avocation or business causes great strain on
those parts of the dress; and the improvements consist in cutting or
forming an opening in each side of the back part of such articles
commencing near the waistband at or near to the side seam, taking a
curvilinear direction, and terminating at or near the seat seam, also
another cut diverging from the said opening. These openings are
then filled up with india-rubber cloth, elastic webb, or other flexible
material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA AND PARASOL CLOTHS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Goldstein at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
May 1868.
I, LOUIS GOLDSTEIN, of Bradford, in the County of York, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN UMBRELLA AND PARASOL CLOTHS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to those cloths or fabrics used for the covers
of umbrellas and parasols which are manufactured either of alpaca,
mohair, worsted, or China grass in combination with either cotton, linen,
or silk, and the improvements consist in having such cloths or fabrics
produced with a border of silk, cotton, or other fibrous substance of a
distinctly different colour to the body of the piece or fabric, owing to
the well known fact that animal fibres will not take the same color as
vegetable fibres in the process of dyeing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING RIBBONS, TRIMMINGS, AND FRILLINGS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
June 1869.
I, GEORGE JOHNSON, of Coventry, in the County of Warwick, Trim-
ming Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING RIBBONS, TRIMMINGS, AND FRILLINGS,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in arranging certain parts of the said looms
in the manner herein-after described, whereby two separate ribbons,
trimmings, or frillings may be woven simultaneously side by side, but
on different levels, in the same space or opening in the batten in which
only one ribbon, trimming, or frilling can be woven in looms as ordinarily
constructed.
For each space or opening in the batten I employ two harnesses and
two back rollers instead of one harness and one roller as ordinarily
employed. I place the second harness and roller for each of the said
spaces at a somewhat higher level than the first harness and roller, by
which means a second and separate opening or shed is formed in the
warp, through which another tier of one or more shuttles may be passed.

page_text: Two narrow ribbons, trimmings, or frillings may thus be made in the
same space as one broad ribbon, trimming, or frilling, and great economy
in the working of the loom thereby effected.
The ribbons, trimmings, or frillings made in looms having my im-
provements may either be of the same or of different widths, with
perfect edges, either plain or figured.
My improvements may be applied to new looms, and may be readily
added to looms originally constructed in the ordinary way:
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOWLS OR ROLLERS USED IN CALLENDERING AND OTHER PRESSING OR SQUEEZING MACHINERY
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Benttley Wilson, John
Higginbottom, and Isaac Royse at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 2nd December 1869.
We, JOHN BENTTLEY WILSON, JOHN HIGGINBOTTOM, and ISAAC ROYSE,
all of Stockport, in the County of Chester, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOWLS OR ROLLERS
USED IN CALLENDERING AND OTHER PRESSING OR SQUEEZING MACHINERY," to be
as follows:
This Invention relates to the bowls or rollers used in machinery for
calendering, starching, soaping, bleaching, slashing, and in other pressing
or squeezing machinery wherein wooden rollers are employed, and
consists in a peculiar novel method of building or putting together such
bowls or rollers of lags or longitudinal pieces of wood secured by dove-
tails to circular plates or discs of metal instead of forming such rollers
or bowls of solid wood as heretofore practised.
In making our improved bowls or rollers we take a square axle and
fit thereon such a number of circular plates or discs as may be required
to suppor the roller according to its length and the work it has to
perform, but for ordinary use we find that one at or near each end, and

page_text: one in the centre is sufficient. These plates or discs are provided on
their edges with dovetailed grooves running across their periphery, that
is, in the same direction as the axle. We then provide a sufficient
number of lags or strips of wood of the required thickness with bevilled
sides and having longitudinal dovetailed tongues corresponding with the
grooves in the plates or discs, and we slide these lags longitudinally in
the grooves round the circumference of the plates, and between the
bevilled sides of the lags we slide in other thinner lags of a taper shape
so as to form a complete bowl or roller round the plates, the outer faces
of the lags being curved so as when put together to form the cylindrical
circumference of the roller.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Wesley Crossley and John
Walker Swithenbank at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 22nd March 1869.
We, WESLEY CROSSLEY and JOHN WALKER SWITHENBANK, of
Bradford, in the County of York, Manufacturers of Shuttles, Heald
Shafts, and Stocks, and Bowls, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved construction and method of
inserting and securing the spring required to act upon the pike to
hold it in proper position in the shuttle. Heretofore the spring has
been constructed in two laps, and a large recess has been cut into the
under side of the shuttle to receive the spring in a horizontal position,
so as to act laterally, or on the side of the pike, and for the fixing
or securing of the said spring a series of pins have to be passed through
the shuttle, which materially weakens it and renders it liable to be
soon broken.
Now our improvements consist in constructing the spring in a single
lap, and inserting it in a vertical position in relation to the shuttle so

page_text: as to act on the end of the pike, by which we avoid cutting any
recess on the under side, or the use of pins to secure it, whereby shuttles
are much strengthened, and any oil used to lubricate the pike where
the spring acts on it is prevented from dropping on the warp when the
shuttle is in use.
In- PROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS SUITABLE FOR TREATING SHEEP ATTACKED BY FLY, AND FOR DESTROYING THE MAGGOT, AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Lankester Simpson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 2nd June 1869.
I, ARTHUR LANKESTER SIMPSON, of the Firm of Thomas Simpson
and Son, of Stowmarket, in the County of Suffolk, Pharmaceutical
Chemists, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS SUITABLE FOR TREATING SHEEP ATTACKED BY FLY,
AND FOR DESTROYING THE MAGGOT, AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in compositions suitable
for treating sheep attacked by fly, and for destroying the maggot, and
for other similar purposes.
I prepare compositions to be called by the name of " shepherd's

page_text: destroying the maggots and proud flesh in wounds on other animals, and
for other similar purposes in the following manner :-
I take bichloride of mercury or corrosive sublimate
IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR MARINE ENGINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederic Eliot Duckham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th March 1869.
I, FREDERIC ELIOT DUCKHAM, of Millwall, in the County of Middle-
sex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR MARINE ENGINES," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention relating to improvements in governors for
marine engines, is to prevent what is known as the "racing" of said
engines, by so regulating the admission of steam thereto that when-
ever the screw or other propeller is raised out of the water by the
motion of the vessel the steam will be cut off, and will be admitted only
when the propeller is again immersed. My improved governor which
may be constructed in various ways is operated by the pressure of the
external water, and is placed at some point in communication therewith
near the paddle or screw.
One arrangement consists of a plunger or piston, working in a cylin-
der, one end of which is open to the external water through an aperture
in the side of the vessel, said cylinder being suitably disposed near the
point of propulsion, so that when the screw or paddle near which it is

page_text: placed is immersed the piston will be also submerged. The piston rod
is geared in any suitable manner with the steam throttle valve, which is
operated to admit the steam directly by the pressure of the external
water on the piston or plunger, so that on the governor emerging from
the water (which consequently ceases to exert any pressure on the
piston) the steam will be cut off, a counterbalance being employed
for the purpose if required.
Another arrangement of governor consists of an india-rubber or other
flexible diaphragm, placed in a closed casing over an aperture in the
side of the vessel, communicating with the external water, or the dia-
phragm may be otherwise disposed near the point of propulsion. This
diaphragm is provided with a central rod passing through the casing,
and connected in any suitable manner with the steam throttle valve,
which is operated to admit the steam directly by the pressure of the
external water upon the diaphragm, the steam being cut off immediately
said pressure ceases as before described. In cither case I prefer to place
a suitable grating over the aperture, in the vessel's side for the protection
of my improved governor from damage externally.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINE FOR CLEANING HOSE PIPE USED FOR FIRE ENGINES AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Barratt Calvert at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th.
October 1869.
I, BARRATT CALVERT, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
MACHINE FOR CLEANING HOSE PIPE USED FOR FIRE ENGINES AND OTHER PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:-
This machine consists principally of a cistern mounted on wheels
and provided with suitable guiding and drawing rollers and rotary
brushes, which are driven by means of toothed gearing actuated either
by a winch handle or by a pulley round which passes a strap from a
steam fire engine or other moving power. At each end of the cistern, is
mounted a reel. The hose pipe being coiled on one of the reels its end
is passed over and under guide rollers, and over and under the revolving
brushes between the drawing rollers on to the reel at the other end.
This reel is now caused to revolve, and the hose pipe is drawn slowly

page_text: through the machine, at the same time that the brushes (which are
immersed in the water in the cistern) revolve rapidly in contact there-
with in the reverse direction, and thus clean or brush both sides of the
hose pipe as it passes through the machine from one recl to the other.
A PROCESS FOR THE DIRECT DECOMPOSITION OF NEUTRAL FATTY SUBSTANCES FOR THE MANU- FACTURE OF STEARING
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Browne at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
February 1869. A communication from abroad by Adolph Emil
Borgen, of Brogade,. Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark.
I, ALEXANDER BROWNE, of the Firm of Browne and Company,
Patent Agents, of 49, King William Street, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A PROCESS FOR
THE DIRECT DECOMPOSITION OF NEUTRAL FATTY SUBSTANCES FOR THE MANU-
FACTURE OF STEARING," a communication from abroad by Adolph Emil
Borgen, of Brogade, Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, to be
as follows:-
According to this Invention the fatty substances are melted and
treated mechanically with sulphuric acid of 66° to 68° Beaumé, more or
less, after which they are boiled with water, by which the oxide of
glyceryl is separated therefrom in a hydrated form, as glyceryl water
or sulphate of glyceryl, and the fatty substances separate by themselves,
but still contain traces of sulphuric acid, or rather chemical compounds
of the two acids, sulphur stearine acid, sulphurlain acid, sulphurpalmitin

page_text: acid; afterwards they are repeatedly washed in water until they cease to
contain any trace of sulphuric acid for the finest reaction. By these
means the fatty acids become clean, and are in a fit condition to be
pressed; they are then cold pressed, warm pressed, and finished in the
usual way. The melting point of fatty acids thus obtained is 49°, and
they present 74% of concrete acids. These mixed fatty acids yield
about 95% of tallow, and thus comparatively nothing is wasted or lost.
The above method is superior to saponification with lime, and produces
fine hard white transparent stearine, with a melting point of 58° to 61°
Celsius. The glycerine is retained and high temperatures avoided.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOLUBLE PHOSPHATE OF LIME AND OF PHOSPHATIC MANURES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernst Friedrich Richard Lucas
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 12th March 1869.
I, ERNST FRIEDRICH RICHARD LUCAS, of Middlesborough-on-Tees,
in the County of York, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOLUBLE PHOSPHATE OF
LIME AND OF PHOSPHATIC MANURES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the manufacture of soluble phosphate of
lime and of phosphatic manures from coprolites, bone ashes, phos-
phorites, or other phosphates.
The coprolites, bone ashes, phosphorites, or other phosphates are first
dissolved in hydrochloric acid. The solution thus produced is evaporated
by any of the well-known means to the crystallizing point, and the
liquor is then run off into cooling vessels of stone or wood. In cooling
the greatest part of the soluble phosphate of lime is crystallized, the
mother liquor is drawn off from the crystals, evaporated again, and gives
a second quantity of crystals of soluble phosphate of lime. The crystals
are then dried by means of air, centrifugal apparatus, or pressed in a

page_text: filter press. The last mother liquor contains chloride of calcium, chloride
of iron, and only a small quantity of phosphate of lime, which phosphate
of lime is precipitated by means of caustic lime, and redissolved in
hydrochloric acid together with a fresh quantity of phosphorites.
Another method of obtaining phosphate of lime by this Invention is as
follows: The solution of coprolites, bone ashes, phosphorites, or other
phosphates in hydrochloric acid is evaporated to a syrupy consistence
and allowed to cool. The paste (a mixture of soluble phosphate of lime
and mother liquor) is pressed in a filter press or dried in a centrifugal
apparatus, and the mother liquor resulting from the operation of
pressing or drying is treated in the manner described in the first-
mentioned process. The phosphate of lime as prepared by the foregoing
methods may be used for the manufacture of other phosphoric acid
salts, or as manure, either alone or in combination with other salts or
materials.
Another method of manufacturing manure by means of this Invention
is by evaporating the solution of coprolites, bone ashes, phosphorites, or
other phosphates in hydrochloric acid to dryness; and the resulting
product may be used as manure, either alone or in combination with
other salts or materials.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS' COMPASSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Davis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd May
1869.
I, JOHN HENRY DAVIS, of Cape Town, in the Colony of Good Hope,
at present residing at No. 134, Fenchurch Street, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SHIPS' COMPASSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ships' compasses.
In order that the compass may indicate any change which may take place
in the deviation resulting either from change of place or from change in
the magnetism of the ship resulting from local causes, I construct the
instrument in the following manner :-The compass bowl is made of an
oval form and is mounted on gimbals; in the bowl two floats are placed,
they are floated on water or other liquid and are kept in their places by
central pivots, or the pivots may form the entire support. The two
floats are geared together by means of teeth or otherwise in such manner
that they turn simultaneously but in opposite directions. On one of
the floats a number of magnetic bars are fixed parallel the one to the
other. Over the magnetic bars a compass card is mounted on the float

page_text: so as to point to the true north at the place where the instrument. is
adjusted. On the other float another compass card is mounted in a
similar manner, and so as also to point to the truc north when the
instrument is placed truly on the meridian line at the place of adjust-
ment. The ends of the compass bowl are circular and are graduated
with a scale of degrees.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF HANGING OR SUSPENDING SASH FRAMES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Thomas Lewis and
William White at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 22nd April 1869.
We, HENRY THOMAS LEWIS and WILLIAM WHITE, both of Hands-
worth, in the County of Stafford, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF HANGING OR SUSPENDING SASH
FRAMES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is by means of the apparatus herein-after
described to suspend sash frames in any desired position without it being
necessary to employ weights, cords, or pulleys.
The apparatus by which we carry our Invention into effect consists
substantially of a cog wheel working on a fixed pin or axis and enclosed
in a frame of suitable size and strength, which said frame is fixed into
the wall plate immediately opposite the bottom bar of the upper sash
and the top bar of the lower sash. The side rail of a sufficient portion
of the upper sash and a corresponding portion of the side rail of the
lower sash is fitted with a rack to correspond with the cogs of the wheel,
so that when the lower sash is raised the upper sash is lowered in the

page_text: same degree. In order that the upper sash may be lowered some distance
without it being necessary to admit air through the lower sash we con-
struct the window sill (or that part into which the bottom bar of the
lower sash takes) of a greater depth than usual, and in this manner a
current of air may be admitted at the top of the window without it being
needful to have the lower sash open at all. A fastener to hold the lower
sash at the height at which it will be then raised is provided.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HARROWS OR DRAGS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Mark Hillary at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
April 1869.
I, MARK HILLARY, of Andover, in the County of Hants, Surveyor
and Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HARROWS OR DRAGS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to the construction of the frames of
harrows and drags; and, secondly, to a mode of securing the teeth or
tines into the beams of such implements.
According to the first part of this Invention it is proposed to effect a
perfect tieing or trussing of the frames of harrows and drags by the aid
of longitudinal bars either independent of the zig-zag beams and
attached to cross bars, or attached to the angles of the beams them-
selves. By passing these longitudinal bars alternately over and under
the cross bars a doubly trussed frame is obtained. The cross bars pass
through transverse openings in the beams, or may be rivetted or
otherwise secured thereto.

page_text: According to the second part of this Invention the teeth or tines
have each a notch or recess formed on one side at or near their upper
ends. Slots or openings of the size of the teeth are made vertically
through the beams, and the notches on the teeth are caused to fit over
on to end of such notches, so that a portion of the tooth rests against
the upper and under surfaces of the beam. A key or wedge is driven
down into the slot behind each tooth and thereby holds it securely in
position.
A NOVEL PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING YEAST OR ARTIFICIAL FERMENT
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gustave Zoeh and Alexandre
Lehmann at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 25th August 1869.
We, GUSTAVE ZоEH and ALEXANDRE LEHMANN, both of Havre,
Department of the Seine Inférieure, in the Empire of France, Mer-
chants, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
NOVEL PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING YEAST OR ARTIFICIAL FERMENT," to be as
follows:-
To a decoction of about 1 oz. 25 grains avoirdupois weight (30
grammes) of hop in about 3½ pints (2 litres) of water add 12%, ozs.
(350 grammes) of flour and make a firm and homogeneous paste, leave it
to cool for 15 minutes in order to develop a fermentation, then dilute
it with cold water to render it liquid, add 1 lb. 10 ozs. (750 grammes) of
fermented barley, ground, and, finally 14 ozs. (50 grammes) of a leaven
or remainder of yeast made the previous day. Leave this mixture
to ferment during 14 hours, then draw off or pass through a sieve,
and the ferment is ready to be used for baking, and principally for the
fermentation of grain and other substances to be distilled, or for clarifying

page_text: liquids susceptible of fermentation. Half an hour before using our fer-
ment for the fermentation of grain and other matters for the distillery
add about 3/4 of an oz. (20 grammes) of bicarbonate of soda. To preserve
a remainder for 8 days add % of an oz. (20 grammes) of oil of sweet
almonds and of an oz. (10 grammes) of carbonate of lime.