Improvements in Mechanically Propelled Vehicles for Common Roads.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 7th June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 7th Mar., 18:5-Accepted, 20th Apr., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Mechanically Propelled Vehicles for Common Roads.
We, CHARLES RILEY GARRARD, of The Avenue, Acock's Green, in the
County of Worcester, Engineer, THOMAS WILLIAM BLUMFIELD, of Wheatley
Street, Coventry, in the County of Warwick, Engineer, and ALFRED FAIRLEY,
of Shadwell Street, in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to an improved manner of fixing, suspending or attaching
the bogie, or underframe of a mechanically propelled vehicle.
In vehicles baving four or more wheels, designed to travel over uneven surfaces,
the axles of the wheels are arranged so as to be free to move in varying angles to
each other, independently and separately, so that the wheels may accommodate
themselves to the uneven surfaces, but in mechanically propelled vehicles the axle
of the driving pair of wheels must maintain a constant relation to the motor.
In one mode of carrying our invention into effect, we construct a suitable bogie
or underframe separate and detachable from the main frame or body of the vehicle;
at one end, generally the fore end, we attach the bogie by one universal joint such
as gimbals, a ball joint, or an enlarged socket having shouldered rubber rings
making up a difference between the diameter of the stud and the internal diameter
of an enlarged socket collar or ring, in such a manner as to allow the bogie
practically no fore and aft play or motion, but still free to describe a cone of motion
limited by the elasticity of the springs which support the main body or frame from
the other end of the bogie.
These are two or more in number, and form virtually a tripod of attachments
thereby limiting the play, motion, or rolling allowed when travelling over uneven
surfaces, and this quite independently of the front or steering wheels" axle.
This improved method of attaching the bogie or under carriage is particularly
applicable to vehicles as described in the Specification of Patent No. 21147 of 1892,
granted to two of us, in which electric carriages having pneumatic tyres are driven
by an electro-motor through balance gearing and ball bearings, and actuated by
secondary batteries.
It is also especially advantageous where the arrangement described in the
Specification of Patent No. 9397 of 1893 granted to two of us is used in which
power is transmitted from an electro-motor by means of a double disc with
opposing working faces between which rotate two driving rollers, at variable ratios
of speed; this variation requiring to be actuated from the main body of the vehicle,
the absence of any fore and aft motion is particularly advantageous.
Dated this 6th day of June 1894
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in Mechanically Propelled Vehicles for Common Roads..
We, CHARLES RILEY GARRARD, of The Avenue, Acock's Green, in the
County of Worcester, Engineer, THOMAS WILLIAM BLUMFIELD, of Station.
Road, Acock's Green, lately of Wheatley Street, Coventry, Engineer, and
ALFRED FAIRLEY, of Shadwell Street, in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention relates to an improved manner of fixing suspending or attaching
the bogie, or underframe of a mechanically propelled vehicle.
In vehicles having four or more wheels, designed to travel over uneven surfaces,
the axles of the wheels are arranged so as to be free to move in varying angles to
each other, independently and separately, so that the wheeis may accommodate
themselves to the uneven surfaces but in mechanically propelled vehicles the axle
of the driving pair of wheels must maintain a constant relation to the motor.
In one mode of carrying our invention into effect we construct a suitable bogie
or underframe separate and detachable from the main frame or body of the vehicle;
at one end, generally the fore end, we attach the bogie by one universal joint such
as gimbals, a ball joint, or an enlarged socket having shouldered rubber rings
making up a difference between the diameter of the stud and the internal diameter
of an enlarged socket collar or ring, in such a manner as to allow the bogie
practically no fore and aft play or motion but still free to describe a cone of
motion limited by the elasticity of the springs which support the main body or
frame from the end of the bogie.
These are two or more in number and form virtually a tripod of attachments
thereby limiting the play, motion or rolling allowed when travelling over uneven
surfaces, and this quite independently of the front or steering wheels' axle.
This improved method of attaching the bogie or under carriage is particularly
applicable to vehicles as described in the Specification of Patent No. 21147, of 1892,
granted to two of us, in which electric carriages, having pneumatic tyres are
driven by an electro-motor through balance gearing and ball bearings and actuated
by secondary batteries.
It is also especially advantageous where the arrangement described in the
Specification of Patent No. 9397, of 1893, granted to two of us is used in which
power is transmitted from an electro-motor by means of a double disc with opposing
working faces between which rotate two driving rollers, at variable ratios of speed;
this variation requiring to be actuated from the main body of the vehicle the
absence of any fore and aft motion is particularly advantageous.
Referring to the accompanying drawings
:―
Figure 1 shows a bogie or underframe as hereinbefore described connected to a
main or upper frame in a detachable manner, the body of the vehicle being
removed.
Figure 2 shows the bogie separately with its ball and socket joint for connecting
to the lower part of the upper frame.
Figure 3 is a general elevation showing the bogie, main frame and carriage
attached together.
Figure 4 is a detail elevation of a spiral spring connection for the end of the
bogie. And
Figure 5 is a detail sectional elevation showing a connection with rubber washer.
In the mode of carrying our invention into effect illustrated at Figures 1 2 and 3
the bogie A carries the driving wheels B B which wheels are driven in any
convenient manner from the electric motor C also attached to the said bogie. The

page_text: main frame D is carried by the springs E E E at one end of the bogie and the
other end connects to the lower part of the said main frame by means of the ball
and socket joint F.
Instead of a ball and socket joint the connection may be made by a strong spiral
spring F Figure 4 or a joint may be made consisting of a stud or bolt F* Figure 5
and rubber or other yielding washers F³, the object being to allow a free rolling
movement of the back of the bogie while preserving a fore and aft definite
connection.
In the illustrations both bogie and main frame are shown as of tubular construction
but other well known ordinary constructional details may be adopted without
departing from the essential features of the invention.
The construction of the joint F Figure 1 may also be varied so long as it allows
freedom of rolling to the bogie as its mechanical arrangement does not constitute
part of the invention.
The attachments of the joint to the main frame may either be at the fore end of
the vehicle as shown on the drawing or at the rear end in which case the steering
wheels would also be at the rear.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be carried into effect we declare that what
we claim is :-.
1. In mechanically propelled road vehicles; constructing the framing in two
parts; the lower forming a bogie or underframe carrying the driving axle and
driving wheels together with the motor which is mechanically coupled to the
driving axle and the upper frame carrying the body of the vehicle together with
the steering wheel or wheels and axle; the said frames being connected by a
universal joint such as a ball and socket joint or its equivalent at one end and by
springs at the other end substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described
and illustrated.
2. In a mechanically propelled vehicle having two frames the method of
attaching the frames together by a universal joint at one end and by springs or
cushions at the other end in order to allow the lower frame to oscillate without
disturbing the relative position of the motor and driving axle and permitting the
steering wheels to be operated from the carriage substantially as described.
3. In mechanically propelled road vehicles the universal joints hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the drawings, whether of ball and socket, spring
connection or rubber washer type substantially as hereinbefore described.
4. The mechanically propelled vehicle bereinbefore described having two framings
and connected as illustrated.
Dated this 6th dor of March 100%
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.