Improvements in Apparatus for Mixing Liquids or Liquids and Gases.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 5th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 16th May, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Mixing Liquids or Liquids
and Gases.
I, OSCAR FRANZ, Farmer, of Muskau, in the German Empire, do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for mixing gases or liquids
particularly for mixing acids with one another or with gases. The materials
treated by such apparatus are intimately mixed and the apparatus itself can be
readily taken to pieces so that all parts, even the least important, can be readily
exchanged and replaced. The fluids to be mixed are evenly directed without
requiring the apparatus to be set up with the exact nicety called for in the
apparatus beretofore used.
66
The apparatus consists essentially in a group or groups of what may be termed
dripping rings" arranged so as to form one or more cones or pyramids supported
by suitable tripods or other stands. On the upper part the dripping rings may
have channels the edges or rims whereof present a notched, undulating or scalloped
appearance.
Radial ribs subdivide the channels, and these ribs may either be broader at the
centre or be provided with suitable depressions. Below each division formed
between two of the ribs a scallop or projection extends downwards. The smallest
dripping ring, that at the top, is made without the ribs, presents the appearance of
a dish with scalloped edge and has an aperture in the middle. Each ring has feet
enabling it to rest on the ring below. The largest, lowermost, ring is supported
by a ring of suitable configuration resting on the tripod for supporting the whole.
The tripod or stand is preferably so formed that its members consist of rings or
annular parts connected with one another the inner periphery of each ring having a
small projection.
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The liquid to be mixed flows into the top ring and thence onto those below.
In a modification the rings are placed in one plane and concentrically, rods
connecting the several rings. The channels in the rings are subdivided by ribs.
The connecting rods may be dispensed with if the rings are supported on a suitable
stand which may conveniently have the form of a cross. The walls of the modified
rings need not be scalloped but grooves serve to guide the liquid. The arrangement
of the ribs and channels may be modified in various ways. For gases to be mixed
with liquids a suitable inlet is provided at the bottom so that the current of gas
meets the flowing liquid.
The rings, supports and other parts may be made of clay, porcelaine, or other
suitable material.
London. 5th November 1895.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Mixing Liquids or Liquids
and. Gases.
I, OSCAR FRANZ, of Muskau, in the German Empire, Farmer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for mixing liquids, especially
acids, with one another, or with gases, or to evaporate liquids. The materials
treated by the improved apparatus are very intimately mixed, and the greatest
possible surface of the liquid is exposed to the action of the gases.
The improved apparatus can be very readily taken to pieces, so that any
damaged or unserviceable part can be repaired or changed without difficulty.
The fluids to be mixed are evenly distributed without requiring the apparatus
to be put together with the great nicety required in the apparatus heretofore
in use.
And in order that the said invention may be fully understood I will now
proceed to describe the same with the aid of the accompanying sheet of drawings
in which
Figure 1 is a plan of part of the apparatus showing what I call the drip rings,
parts of the upper portions being broken away to show more clearly the parts
below.
Figure 2 is a side view, partly in section, of the apparatus shown in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a plan, partly in section, of a part of the apparatus which I call a
tripod.
Figure 4 is a plan of a modified form of the drip ring.
Figure 5 is a side view partly in section of the arrangement of drip ring shown
in Figure 4, and
Figure 6 is a partial plan of another arrangement of the drip ring.
The apparatus consists essentially of one or more groups of drip rings a¹ a 2 a 3
arranged one above another step-wise so as to form cones or pyramids which are
supported one above another at suitable distances apart by means of tripods b, or
other suitable stands. The drip rings are formed with recesses or channels in
their upper sides which are bounded sidewise by walls c, which are notched or
scalloped at their upper edges as shown clearly in Figure 2. The aforesaid
recesses or channels in the drip rings are divided into a number of separate
divisions or compartments by radial ribs d. These ribs d may either be broader
at the centre, as in the inner drip rings a 2 a 3, or be provided with suitable
depressions as shown in the outer drip ring a'. On the underside of each drip
ring, and under the middle of each sub-division are formed downwardly projecting
parts e. The uppermost and smallest drip ring a4 is made without the ribs d, but
with notched or scalloped edges. Each of the drip rings rests by the three feet i
formed on its under side, on the upper inner edge of the next larger drip ring
below it.
The largest and lowermost drip ring a¹ rests with the notches or scallops on its
underside in engagement with similar notches or scallops in the upper edge of the
ring belonging to the tripod b. The underside of the ring his provided with
notches or scallops similar to those on the drip ring a' which rests on the top of
the ring h.
The feet of the tripod are formed of rings connected together, the upper part
of the inner periphery of each ring being provided with a small projection k. 'The
said feet of the tripod rest on the outermost and largest drip ring a' of the next
lower group of drip rings. Drip rings of similar size in the various groups stand

page_text: vertically below one another, and so that the downwardly projecting parts e.of an
upper drip ring come vertically over the middle of the ribs d of the drip ring of
the same size belonging to the next lower group of ḍrip rings.
The method of using the apparatus is as follows:-
The liquid to be mixed is led through any suitable conduit to the recesses or
chambers in the drip rings of the highest group of rings in the apparatus, in such
manner that it is uniformly divided amongst the sub-divisions formed in the
recesses or channels by the ribs d. When these sub-divisions are full the liquid
runs over through the notches or scallops in the walls c to the underside of each
drip ring, collects on and hangs in drops from the downwardly projecting ribs e,
and then falls therefrom on to the rib d of the drip ring of the same size belonging
to the group of rings next below. The drops fall on to the middle of the ribs d,
and distribute themselves into the adjacent sub-divisions of the recesses or channels
of the drip ring. The peculiar form of the feet of the tripod 6 prevents the liquid
from flowing down to the feet without dripping, because the liquid collects at the
projections of the rings forming the said feet, and falls from them inside these
rings. This process goes on from group to group of the drip rings and the mixed
liquid finally falls from the lowermost group of drip rings into a suitable reservoir
placed below the apparatus, whence it is removed as may be required.
The sub-divisions of the recesses or channels in the drip rings made by the
ribs d hold the liquid evenly divided round the rings, in the event of the latter
being placed crookedly or obliquely, so that the liquid can always drip on to the
proper points below.
The number of drip rings in a group, and the number of groups employed are
regulated according to the size of apparatus required.
A special advantage of the above described apparatus is that every part of it
can easily be taken out if injured, and be replaced with new. Great exactitude in
the placing of the drip rings is not necessary as they only require to be placed one
on the other, and they immediately take their proper bearings.
The notching or scalloping of each of the rings is preferably so arranged that
the number of notches or scallops is always divisible by three, whereby incorrect
placing of the rings is rendered impossible.
In the modification shown in Figures 4 and 5 the drip rings of each group stand
in the same plane, and are connected together by ribs 1. The recesses of the drip
rings are divided into two parts by circular ribs s, and three or four radial ribs o
subdivide these parts into as many segments.
The connecting ribs between the drip rings may be dispensed with, and in that
case the rings rest loosely on a suitably constructed cross or other support provided
with drip notches. The walls c are not notched or scalloped like those shown in
Figure 2, but instead thereof grooves n are formed in the upper part of the said
walls and in the sides of the drip rings, through which grooves the liquid over-
flows and is conducted to the projections e on the underside. In other respects the
action of this modification is exactly the same as that of the previously described
arrangement.
The modification shown in Figure 6 has, besides the radial ribs d, a circular
rib p, and at the points of intersection of the ribs d with the ribs p there are broad
surfaces for the drops of liquid to fall upon. The circular rib p shown in Figure 6,
and those shown at s in Figures 4 and 5, enable the liquid collecting in the recess
or channel to run over the inner edge of the drip ring as well as over the outer edge
thereof.
The rings and tripods may be made of clay, porcelain or other suitable
material.
Javing now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
clain is:-
First. The improved apparatus for mixing liquids with one another, or with

page_text: gases, or for evaporating liquids, which consists of drip rings a¹, a 2, a 3, a 4
arranged in groups supported vertically one above another ou tripods b, or other
suitable supports, substantially as described.
Second. In apparatus, of the kind herein described, constructing the drip rings
with recesses or channels sub-divided by radial ribs d, and having notched or
scalloped side walls a and downwardly projecting parts e, the said drip rings
being arranged one above the other so as to form groups of conical or pyramidal
form, substantially as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the
drawings.
or
Third. In apparatus of the kind herein described, arranging the drip rings of a
group in one plane, and connecting the same together, or not, by ribs 7, the said
drip rings being provided with circular ribs s, which divide their recesses
channels into two parts, and with grooves n in their walls and sides, substantially
as described with reference to Figures 4 and 5 of the drawings.
Fourth. In apparatus of the kind herein described, constructing the drip rings
with circular and radial ribs p and d having broadened out surfaces at their inter-
sections, substantially as described with reference to Figure 6 of the drawings, and
for the purpose specified.
Fifth. In apparatus of the kind herein described, the tripods for supporting the
groups of drip rings one above the other, constructed and applied substantially as
described with reference to Figures 2 and 3 of the drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of March 1896.