IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Green Marston, of Handsworth, in the County of
Stafford, Foreman of Works, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM
BOILERS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Green Marston at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th September 1879.
CHARLES GREEN MARSTON, of Handsworth, in the County of Stafford, Foreman
of Works. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS."
My Invention has reference to tubular steam boilers in which the tubes are
vertical or nearly vertical; and consists of the improvements herein after described
in the said boilers, whereby they are rendered efficient and economical in action,
and the parts requiring cleaning from soot, deposit, or other accumulation are
rendered easy of access.
In constructing a steam boiler according to my Invention, I employ a cylindrical
shell having a dome shaped top and within it a low crowned fire box. Opening
into the fire box on one side and near its summit is a three-way tube or flue or
passage. The upper part of the flue or passage communicates with the tube
chamber containing the water tubes. Fuel is charged into the fire box at an opening
in the shell communicating with the said three way flue or passage.
The flame and products of combustion from the fire box rise through the three
way tube or flue and enter the lower part of the tube chamber on one side. After
passing among the water tubes the products of combustion leave the tube chamber
by one or more flues or passages into the smoke box external to the shell and from
thence to the chimney.
The water tubes may either be cylindrical or taper, and may either be expanded
into the tube plates or flanged and rivetted thereto. The water tubes can be cleaned
from soot or other external deposit through the three-way flue or passage described.
The smoke box and the passages into the smoke box are cleaned through a door
at the back.
I prefer to employ several passages between the tube chamber and the smoke
box, as a more uniform distribution of the heat among the water tubes is thereby
obtained, and I prefer to make the said passages taper, as the construction of the
boiler is thereby facilitated. Instead of making the smoke box a separate chamber
at the back of the boiler, it may be made to surround the whole of the upper part
and top of the boiler, thus constituting a casing which prevents condensation in the
boiler, and economizes heat.

page_text: **
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Green Marston in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd
March 1880..
"
CHARLES GREEN MARSTON, of Handsworth, in the County of Stafford, Foreman
of Works. IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS."
"
My Invention has reference to tubular steam boilers in which the tubes are
vertical or nearly vertical, and consists of the improvements herein after described
in the said boilers, whereby they are rendered efficient and economical in action,
and the parts requiring cleaning from soot, deposit, or other accumulation are
rendered easy of access.
In constructing a steam boiler according to my Invention, I employ a cylindrical
shell having a dome shaped or flat stayed top and within it a low crowned fire box.
Opening into the fire box on one side and near its summit is a three way tube or
flue or passage. The upper part of the flue or passage communicates with the tube
chamber containing the water tubes. Fuel is charged into the fire box at an
opening in the shell communicating with the three way flue or passage.
The flame and products of combustion from the fire box rise through the three
way tube or flue and enter the lower part of the tube chamber on one side. After
passing among the water tubes the products of combustion leave the tube chamber
by one or more flues or passages into the smoke box external to the shell and from
thence to the chimney.
.
The water tubes may either be cylindrical or taper, and may either be expanded
into the tube plates or flanged and rivetted thereto. The water tubes can be
cleaned from soot or other external deposit through the three way flue or passage
described. The smoke box and the passages into the smoke box are cleaned through
a door or doors at the back.
I prefer to employ several passages between the tube chamber and the smoke
box, as a more uniform distribution of the heat among the water tubes is thereby
obtained.
Instead of making the smoke box a separate chamber at the back of the boiler,
it may be made to surround the whole of the upper part and top of the boiler,
thus constituting a casing which prevents condensation in the boiler and economizes
heat.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the
manner in which my Invention may be performed.
Figure 1 represents in vertical section; Figure 2 in horizontal section; Figure 3
in front elevation, and Figure 4 in back elevation, a vertical tubular steam boiler
containing my improvements.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4.
a is the cylindrical shell or case of the boiler having a dome shaped top b; c is
the fire box containing the fire bars d; e is the tube chamber containing the vertical
parallel water tubes f, f, the said tubes opening at top and bottom into the water
space g, g, (see the section Figure 1); h is the smoke box external to the shell a;
i, k, l, is the three way tube or flue or passage; the lower branch of the said three
way tube is connected to one side and near the summit of the fire box c, and opens
into the said fire box, and the upper branch is connected to and opens into one
side of the tube chamber e; the middle branch k of the three way tube is situated
opposite an opening in front of the shell a, which opening is closed by the divided
fire door m, m; through the middle branch ⁄ and lower branch of the three way
tube the fuel is charged into the fire box c, and through the middle branch kand
top branch the tube chamber e and the exterior of the water tubes f, f, therein
may be readily cleaned from soot or deposit. The flame and products of combustion
from the fire box c rise through the three way tube or flue l, k, i, and enter the
lower part of the tube chamber e at one side, and after circulating about the water

page_text: tubes, J, the products of combustion leave the tube chamber by means of the flues
or passages n, n, n, and pass into the smoke box h, external to the shell a, and from
thence to the chimney.
The shape of the smoke box h and the positions of the two sets of flues or-
passages n, n, n, opening from the tube chamber e into the smoke box, are best seen
in Figures 1 and 2. The smoke box h and the passages n, m, n, are cleaned through
the doors p, p, at the back of the boiler (see Figure 4). By the use of the several
passages described and represented between the tube chamber e and smoke box ha
very uniform distribution of the heat among the water tubes is obtained.
By constructing and arranging the parts of the boiler in the manner described
and illustrated, the heated air and products of combustion are so conducted to the
tube chamber and tubes that a very economical heating of the water is effected, a
ready means of introducing the tubes is afforded, and the firing of the fire box and
the cleaning of the accumulation of soot and other deposit from the fire box, tube
chamber, and tubes, are readily effected.
In tubular boilers of large size two or more of the three way tubes, flues, or
passages may be used for conducting the heated air and products of combustion to
the water tube chamber.
Figure 5 represents in horizontal section a large boiler in which two of the three
way tubes, flues, or passages are used, the upper branch of each of the three way tubes
being marked i, the said tubes opening at top into the tube chamber e of the
boiler in the manner represented.
In this arrangement the middle branch of each of the three way tubes is in
communication with an opening q in the shell of the boiler, the said openings having
fire doors. By the use in large boilers of two or more of the three way tubes or
passages the flame and heated air are conducted more uniformly over the surfaces of
the water tubes than when one three way tube or passage is employed.
.
Figure 6 represents in longitudinal section, and Figure 7 in back elevation, a
horizontal boiler constructed according to my Invention provided with a return
chamber in which a set of vertical water tubes is arranged.
r, r, are the internal fire boxes or flues of the boiler, the fire grates being arranged
at the ends 8; t is the return chamber in communication with the fire boxes ?, r,
through which chamber the heated air and products of combustion pass before they
escape to the chimney. In the said return chamber t are the vertical water
tubes u, u.
The rear ends of the fire boxes r, r, and the rear end of the tube
chamber t are connected together by the three way tubes v, v, of the construction
before described, the said three way tubes being connected to the back end plate of
the boiler. The middle branch of each three way tube is presented to an opening
at w in the back of the boiler, which opening is provided with a door, and the
upper and lower branches of the three way tubes are respectively connected with
the tube chamber t and fire boxes r, r. By arranging the parts in the manner
described and illustrated, a combustion chamber with flat surfaces is dispensed
with, the three ends of the three way tubes v, the back end plate of the boiler shell,
the back end plate of the tube chamber t, and the back end plate of the fire box or
fluer mutually strengthen one another, thereby dispensing with the use of stays.
The other portions of the flat surfaces of the boiler are stayed from the boiler shell
in the ordinary manner.
The three way tubes arranged as represented afford additional means for cleaning
the tubes in the tube chamber t, the tube chamber itself and the fire boxes r, r,
from accumulation of-soot or other deposit.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my Invention
of "Improvements in Steam Boilers,"-
First. The adaptation to or combination with tubular steam boilers, having
vertical or nearly vertical water tubes, of one or more three way tubes, flues, or
passages, for the purposes and substantially as herein before described and illustrated
in the accompanying Drawings.

page_text: Secondly. The general arrangement or combination of the parts of the boilers
herein before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the accom-
panying Drawings.
.
Thirdly. The general arrangement or combination of the parts of the boiler
herein before described and illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Green Marston, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
Witness,
W. J. PARKINS,
2, Palmerston Place,
CHARLES GREEN MARSTON. (L.S.)
Boulton Road,
Handsworth,
Birmingham.
Accountant Clerk.