Improvements in Pivot Lathes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 19th Mar., 1891-Accepted, 9th May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by the firm of MÜLLER AND SCHWEIZER, both of
Soleure, in Switzerland, Manufacturers.]
Improvements in Pivot Lathes.
I, ERNEST DE PASS, of 78 Fleet Street, in the City of London, Fellow of the
institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This pivot-lathe is not only devised to form and polish the so called pivots of
moving parts, employed in clockwork, musical boxes, and analogous mechanism,
but also to form the other cylindrical parts and the shoulders of the arbors of these
moving parts, as well as their bevils and rounded parts. This machine produces
with great rapidity and perfect accuracy pivots and shoulders having an irreproach-
able polish; it therefore permits of the interchangeability of the moving parts
employed in each class of mechanism; the parts made by its means being in no
respect inferior to those made by the best workmen. Furthermore, the manner of
operating the machine prevents the breakage of very small pivots so frequent in
hand work.
In the annexed drawing Fig. 1 is a plan of the machine; Fig. 2 is a side eleva-
tion; and Fig. 3 is an end elevation seen from the right of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 shows
separately the automatic disengaging mechanism hereinafter described.
In all the figures like letters indicate similar parts.
On a base A, are arranged two main carriages B and C, whose slides are per-
pendicular the one to the other. The carriage B carries the work, and the
carriage C carries the tools for acting on the work. The pulleys D, E, and Fare
connected with corresponding pulleys of an intermediate gearing provided with a
fast pulley driven by the main gearing, and a loose pulley onto which the strap or
belt is shifted automatically when the work is finished, by the disengaging mechanism
hereinafter described.
,ex,
The base A carries two bearings a and b, in which turns the shaft carrying the
pulley F and the worm I. The bearings a, b, have projections a, b, serving as
stops for the set screws d', d*, carried by the cross bar G³, which latter is fixed by
means of screws gl to the carriage B. The base A also carries a fixed support c
which traverses the outent or opening of the carriage B and against which the set
screws, of the cross bar G', abut. The stops a, e, b, are formed with holes
allowing free passage to the screws ¹, d, dd, when the tongue pieces e¹, e¹¹, e¹¹¹,
are shifted, but these tongue pieces prevent their entrance when occupying the
position shown in Fig. 3. According to the position into which the screws,,,d*,
will have been placed, it will be one or other of them which will first encounter the
corresponding tongue piece el, e,, *, when the carriage B moves from right to
left. When this takes place, the carriage is stopped, but if the tongue piece be
shifted or displaced so as to uncover the hole it protects, the corresponding screw
is able to enter this hole and the carriage will continue its travel until the next
most prominent screw meets its tongue piece which must then be shifted or dis-
placed in its turn, and so on in succession. The four screws d', ", d¹¹, d*, corre-
sponding, for instance, to four shoulders which it is required to produce on the work.
The carriage B is urged from right to left by the spiral springs A', A", one end
of each being connected to the base A, and the other ends to the carriage B.
G is a spindle, a portion of which is screw threaded and passes through the cross
bar G, the remaining portion is square and its end is provided with a pin y
traversing and slightly passing beyond the surface of the fixed piece c.
The screw
spindle G may be turned by means of the crank-handle G*, and the carriage B
can thereby be manipulated. By turning the spindle G to the right, the carriage B

page_text: is moved from left to right, and the springs A', A", become stretched. When,
therefore, the spindle is turned to the left, these springs are permitted to con
tract and thus bring back the carriage from right to left until one of the
screws d³, dd, encounters its stop. This spindle is ordinarily driven
by the worm wheel Fx gearing with the worm F, the axis of which latter carries
the pulley F. The wheel Fis mounted loose on said spindle and transmits
motion thereto by means of a coupling box which may be thrown into or out of
gear by means of the lever à actuated by a bolt carried by the fixed bearing b.
It is thus possible to give motion to or stop the carriage B, by shifting the bolt *.
When the coupling-box is thrown out of gear, the backward movement of the
carringe can be effected by hand, by turning the crank handle (* to the right, or
the springs A, A", may be permitted to draw the carriage to the left, by turning
the crank handle to the left. In any case, the carriage will be stopped when
ever one of the screws d', d", dn, or d*, meets its abutment, that is to say, one of
the tongue piecesor. When this meeting takes place and the spindle G
continues turning (either by means of the crank handle (or by means of the
pulley F the ping, which, as already stated, passes beyond the surface of the
fixed piece, will be withdrawn to the right together with the spindle G.
A small bell-crank lever, pivoted to the fixed piece has its vertical arm
bearing against the projecting part of the ping, and its horizontal arm connected
to a chain communicating with the fork lever of the intermediate gearing. This
latter is provided with a disengaging fork which a spring tend to bring into a
position for keeping the strap on the loose pulley: the chain above mentioned nets,
on the contrary, to bring the fork into a position for placing the strap on the fist
pulley of the gearing, whenever this chain is hooked onto the horizontal arm of:
the bell crank lever. Thus, when the chain is hooked onto the horizontal arın
of a, the intermediate genring is started, but when the ping is withdrawn and the
vertical arm of nis disengaged therefrom, the bell crank lever turns in such a
way as to slacken the chain a' and the intermediate gearing is automatically stopped
as well as all the pulleys of the machine which are actuated by it. It will be seen
from the preceding that this automatic stopping is effected by the encounter of one
of the screws d', d", "", or ", with its corresponding stop",
or .*.
The carriage B carries the bearings I, II, in which the hollow spindle 11.
having conical ends, freely revolves. This latter contains a tuhe "fitting into
with slight friction, and containing a spindle I also fitting with slight friction. The
interior spindle I is provided with a screw thread onto which is fitted a spring
chuck J, known as an American chuck, whose conical head may be more or less
compressed by the interior cone with which the extremity of the Lube is for
nished. The chuck J thus opens when the spindle is pushed from right to left,
and closes when the spindle is withdrawn from left to right. A nut enables the
position of the interior spindle I to be adjusted in relation to 1'. These two latter
are traversed by an elongated slot (Figs. 1 and 2) through which passes a key J
carried by the tube 1". This key prevents any rotation of the spindles I, 1, and I",
relatively to each other, but permits of the tubular spindle 1" being shifted axially
in relation to the spindles I. 1. A nut 1*, which is also traversed by the slot,
screws onto the threaded portion of and forces the key to the left when the
nut is turned from left to right. Hence, the tubular spindle I presses its
conical portion against the exterior conical portion of thereby contracting the
chuck. When the nut is unscrewed, the conical portion of the chuck J forces
the tube backwards as far as the key will permit, this latter remaining pressed
against . By screwing up, or unscrewing the nut. I, the chuck J is accordingly
closed, or opened. The spinille 1 carries a pulley K driven by the intermediate
gearing before mentioned, so that the work carried by the chuck turns con-
tinuously as soon as the machine is set in motion.
The carriage carries the cutters Land N, and the burnisher M, which are
arranged to act alternately upon the work, or if required, in special cases, there
may be other tools on the carriage C. The cutter is carried by an axis 1.*

page_text: driven by a pulley D, and turning in bearings L, L", fixed upon a carriage Li
whose slide block is situated on C. The cutter N is carried by an axis N* driven
by a pulley E and turning in bearings N', N", fixed upon a small carriage C¹
whose slide block is connected to C' by a pivot m shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 1.
A spiral spring w, fixed at one end of a nose (* on the slide block, and at the other
end to the carriage C, maintains the nose or projection * of the small carriage C³,
pressed against a set screw which traverses a support fixed on the carriage C.
By screwing up or unscrewing ', the inclination of the axis of the cutter N may
be altered relatively to the axis of the chuck J, or, in other words relatively to
the work. This arrangement is for the purpose of cutting the points, the bevils of
the pivots, etc. The burnisher M is carried by an axis M* turning in a bearing M'
fixed on the carriage C. The axis M is manipulated by means of a simple knob,
the burnisher being unable to turn continuously but only able to shift relatively to
the work, as is done in straight hand burnishers. In the drawing (Fig. 1) this
latter is supposed to be actuated by the cutter L', which is in position for working.
The carriage L of the cutter L' is actuated by the set screws 1, ". The carriage C
is actuated by the spiral spring Q fixed at one end to this carriage and at the
other end to the base A. A support R, fixed on this latter, carries two set
screws, c, against which the carriage C is pressed by the spring Q. The end
in question of the carriage is furnished with tongue pieces p", like the tongue
pieces before mentioned. These tongue pieces permit the screws c¹, c", to act
successively in a similar manner to that already described with reference to the
screws d,,, and d*. When the longer of these two screws c', c", encounters
its corresponding tongue piece, the latter is shifted, thereby allowing it to enter
the hole which was covered by the tongue piece, and thus permits the carriage to
continue its travel until the other screw encounters, in its turn, the tongue piece
which serves as a stop thereto.
One arm of a two armed lever O, which has its fulcrum on the base A, bears
against a projection O' on the carriage C so that when this lever is turned into
the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1, the cutter N is brought into position
for working, say for instance, to cut the point of the arbor being worked. The
bevil to be produced is determined at will by means of the screw w. The position
of the carriage C" on its slide is determined by the set screws ',". When it is
required to disconnect the cutter N, the stud o can be caught by the hooked lever o
of the carriage C. A two armned lever P having its fulcrum on the base plate A,
serves to shift the carriage C in a like manner to that explained with reference to
the lever O. When the lever P is turned into the position shown by dotted lines
in Fig. 1(the lever O being supposed to be in the position shown by full lines) the
carriage C is so shifted that the burnisher M is brought into position for acting
upon the work. The lever P bears against one extremity of the detent P¹ pivotted
to the carriage C, the other extremity being actuated by a set screw P* which
admits of the detent P' being shifted, and therefore perinits of accurately adjusting
the position given to the carriage C by the lever P.
An arm S pivotted at S' to the base A is provided with two set screws s', s", which
bear against the tongue pieces . ", of a stop T fixed to C. The free end of this
arm S bears against a plate S pivotted to the carriage B. A screw s* traversing
a slot in the plate S* allows of this latter being placed more or less at an angle.
When the plate S* is set straight, as shown in the drawing, its action on the lever S
is nil, but when it is set at an angle it progressively pushes the point of the lever S
in proportion as the carriage B advances to the left, and the lever S in its turn dis-
places the carriage C, by means of the set screws s', s", and support T. Hence
the cutter is moved parallel to its axis in proportion as the work advances parallel
to its axis, that is to say, the cutter produces a cone or bevil whose inclination is
determined by the position into which the plate S has been set.
The cranked lever U, which is pivotted at the base A, may also be put into
motion for the cutting of the bevils. For this purpose it is only necessary to set
the top X. by means of the handle Y, into the position shown by Fig. 1. This

page_text: stop then strikes one of the arms of the lever U, and pushes it in proportion as
the carriage B advances, thereby producing a progressive backward movement of
the carringe C, the other arm of the lever U bearing against the screw V which
traverses a support e fixed to the carriage (. To throw the stop X out of netion,
it is only necessary to turn the handle Y 90°, as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2.
Dated this 3rd day of September 1890.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pivot Lathes.
I, ERNEST DE Pass, of 78 Fleet Street, in the City of London, Fellow of the
Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
accompanying drawings and to the letters and figures marked "thereon, that
is to say :-
This improved pivot lathe is devised not only to form and polish the so called
pivots of the going or moving parts employed in clockwork musical boxes and
analogous mechanisin, but also to form the other cylindrical parts and the shoulders
of the arbors of these going or moving parts, as well as their bevils and rounded
parts. This machine produces with great rapidity and perfect accuracy pivots and
shoulders having an irreproachable polish; it therefore permits of the interelringe-
ability of the going or moving parts employed in each class of mechanism the parts
made by its means being in no respect inferior to those made by the best workinen.
Furthermore, the manner of operating the machine prevents the breakage of very
small pivots so frequent in hand work.
In the drawings left with the Provisional Specification,
Fig. 1 is a plan of the machine;
Fig. 2 is a side elevation; and
Fig. 3 is an end elevation seen from the right of Fig. 1.
Fig shows separately the automatic disengaging mechanism hereinafter
described.
In all these figures like letters indicate similar parts.
On a base A are arranged two main carriages B and C whose slides are perpen-
dicular the one to the other. The carriage B carries the work, and the carriage C
carries the tools for acting on the work. The pulleys D, E, and F are connected
with corresponding pulleys of an intermediate genring provided with a fast pulley
driven by the main gearing and a loose pulley onto which the strap or belt is shifted
automatically when the work is finished by the disengaging mechanism hereinafter
described.
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The base A carries two bearings a and b in which turns the shaft ƒ carrying the
pulley and the worm . The bearings a, b, have projections a, b, serving as
stops for the sot screws d', d", carried by the cross bar which latter is fixed,
by means of screws g', to the carriage B. The base A also carries a fixed support o
which traverses the outcut or opening of the carriage B and against which the set
screws of the cross bar Ġ' abut. The stops a', c, b', are formed with holes
allowing free passage to the screws d'", di, d*, when the tongue pieces el, e
aro shifted, but these tongue pieces prevent their entrance when occupying the
position shown in Fig. 3. According to the position into which the screws d',ª³‚dª‚d*,
will have been placed, it will be one or other of them which will first encounter the
corresponding tongue piece e', e,, or ex, when the carriage B moves from right
to left. When this takes place the carriage is stopped, but if the tongue piece be
shifted or displaced so as to uncover the hole it protects, the corresponding screw
is able to enter this hole and the enrriage will continue its travel until the next most
prominent screw meets its tongue piece which must then be shifted or displaced in

page_text: its turn, and so on in succession. The four screws d', d¹, d, x, corresponding,
for instance, to four shoulders which it is required to produce on the work.
The carriage B is urged from right to left by the spiral springs A', A", one end
of each being connected to the base A, and the other ends to the carriage B. G is a
spindle a portion of which is screw threaded and passes through the cross-bar C¹, the
remaining portion is square and its end is provided with a pin traversing and slightly
passing beyond the surface of the fixed piece c. The screw spindle G may be turned
by means of the crank handle G* and the carriage B can thereby be manipulated.
By turning the spindle G to the right the carriage B is moved from left to right
and the springs A¹, A", become stretched. When, therefore, the spindle Gis
turned to the left, these springs are permitted to contract and thus bring back the
carriage B from right to left until one of the screws d', ¹¹, d¹¹, d*, encounters its
stop. This spindle G is ordinarily driven by the worm wheel *, gearing with the
worm F, the axis of which latter carries the pulley F. The wheel Fx is mounted
loose on said spindle G and transmits motion thereto by means of a coupling box y*
which may be thrown into or out of gear by means of the lever actuated by a
bolt * carried by the fixed bearing b. It is thus possible to give motion to or stop
the carriage B by shifting the bolt *. When the coupling box g is thrown out of
gear the backward movement of the carriage can be effected by hand by turning
the crank handle G* to the right, or the springs A', A", may be permitted to draw
the carriage to the left by turning the crank handle G* to the left. In any case the
carriage will be stopped whenever one of the screws d', d", d, or *, meets its
abutment, that is to say, one of the tongue pieces e¹, e, e¹¹, or 4*. When this
meeting takes place and the spindle G continues turning (either by means of
the crank handle G, or by means of the pulley F), the piny which, as already
stated, passes beyond the surface of the fixed piece e, will be withdrawn to the right
together with the spindle G.
A small bell crank lever n, pivotted to the fixed piece, has its vertical arm
bearing against the projecting part of the ping, and its horizontal arm connected to
a chain communicating with the fork lever of the intermediate gearing. This latter
is provided with a disengaging fork which a spring tends to bring into a position
for keeping the strap on the loose pulley; whereas the chain above mentioned acts
to bring the fork into position for placing the strap on the fast pulley of the gearing
whenever this chain is looked onto the horizontal arm of the bell crank lever n.
Thus when the chain is hooked onto the horizontal arm of ", the intermediate
gearing is started, but when the pin is withdrawn and the vertical arm of nis
disengaged therefrom, the bell crank lever a turns in such a way as to slacken the
chain and the intermediate gearing is automatically stopped as well as all
the pulleys of the machine which are actuated by it. It will be seen from the
preceding that this automatic stopping is effected by one of the screws d', d", "
or d striking against its corresponding stop e', e, ell, or ex.
The carriage B carries the bearings H, H", in which the hollow spindle I', having
conical ends, freely revolves. This latter contains a tube 1" fitting into l' with
slight friction and containing a spindle I also fitting with slight friction. The
interior spindle I is provided with a screw thread onto which is fitted a spring
chuck J, known as an American chuck, whose conical head may be more or less
compressed by the interior cone with which the extremity of the tube I" is
furnished. The chuck J thus opens when the spindle is pushed from right to
left, and closes when the spindle is withdrawn from left to right. A nut i* enables
the position of the interior spindle I to be adjusted in relation to I. These two
latter are traversed by an elongated slot (Figs. 1 and 2), through which passes
a key J'carried by the tube I This key prevents any rotation of the spindles I, II,
and I relatively to each other, but permits of the tubular spindle 1" being shifted
axially in relation to the spindles I, Anut 1, which is also traversed by the
slot, screws onto the threaded portion of I' and forces the key to the lett when
the nut Ix is turned from left to right. Hence, the tubular spindle I" presses its
conical portion against the exterior conical portion of J thereby contracting the

page_text: chuck. When the nut * is unserewed the conical portion of the chuck.) forces the
tube backwards as far as the key will permit, this latter remaining pressed
against 1*. By serewing up or unscrewing the nut 1* the chuck is accordingly
closed or opened. The spindle carries a pulley K driven by the intermediate
gearing before mentioned, so that the work carried by the chuck turns continuously
as soon as the machine is set in motion.
The carriage (carries the cutters L' and N, and the burnisher M, which are
arranged to net alternately upon the work, or if required in special cases, there may
be other tools on the carriage (. The cutter L is carried by an axis 1* driven
by a pulley D, and turning in bearings 16, 12", fixed upon a carriage L whose
slide block is situated on C. The cutter is carried by an axis N* driven by a
pulley E and turning in bearings N, N", fixed upon a small carriage (" whose slide
block is connected to by a pivot i shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1. A spiral
spring fixed at one end of a nose (* on the slide block, and at the other end to
the carriage C, maintains the nose or projection e* of the small carriage C³ pressed
against a set screw which traverses a support fixed on the carriage C. By
screwing up or un-crewing the inclination of the axis of the cutter N may be
altered relatively to the chuck J, or in other words, relatively to the work. This
arrangement is for the purpose of cutting the points, the bevils of the pivots, etc.
The furnisher M is carried by an axis M* turning in a bearing M³ fixed on the
carriage (The axis M* is manipulated by means of a simple knob, the burnisher
being unable to turn continuously, but only able to shift relatively to the work, as
is done in straight hand burnishers. In the drawing (Fig. 1) this latter is supposed
to be netuated by the cutter L' which is in position for working. The carriage L
of the entier is actuated by the set screws, The carriage ( is actuated by
the spiral spring Q, fixed at one end to this carriage, and at the other end to the
base A. A support R fixed on this latter carries two set screws el, e", against
which the carriage C is pressed by the spring Q. The end in question of the earringe
is furnished with tongue pieces," like the tongue pieces before mentioned.
These tongue pieces permit the screws e, e, to net successively in a similar manner
to that already described with reference to the screws d', d", 'd", and d. When
the longer of these two screws, e, encounters its corresponding tongue piece the
latter is shifted, thereby allowing it to enter the hole which was covered by the
tongue piece and thus permits the carriage to continue its travel until the other
screw encounters in its turn the tongue piece which serves as a stop thereto.
One arm of a two armed lever O, which has its fulerum on the base A, hears
against a projection (' on the carriage C so that when this lover is turned into the
position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1 the cutter N is brought into position for
working, say for instance, to cut the point of the arbor being worked. The bevil
to be produced is determined at will by means of the screw. The position of
the carriage on its slide is determined by the set screws pl, When it is
required to disconnect the cutter N the stud can be caught by the hooked lever o
of the carringe C. A two-armed lever P having its fulcrum on the base-plate A
serves to shift the carriage C in a like manner to that explained with reference to
the lever O. When the lever P is turned into the position shown by dotted lines
in Fig. 1 (the lever O being supposed to be in the position shown by full lines) the
enrriago (' is so shifted that the burnisher M. is brought into position for acting
upon the work. The lever P bears against one extremity of the detent. P' pivotted
to the carriage C, the other extremity being actuated by a set screw P* which
admits of the detent 1 being shifted, and therefore permits of accurately adjusting
the position given to the carriage by the lever P.
An arm or pantographic lever S pivotted at S' to the base A is provided with
two set screws ',, which bear against the tongue pieces (", ", of a stop T. fixed
to C. The free end of this arm S bears against a plate S pivotted to the carriage B.
A screw sº traversing a slot in the plate S allows of this latter being placed more
or less at an angle. When the plate S is set straight as shown in the drawing its
action on the lever S is nil, but when it is set at an angle it progressively pushes the

page_text: point of the lever S in proportion as the carriage B advances to the left, and the
lever S, in its turn, displaces the carriage C, by means of the set screws s', s", and
support T. Hence the cutter is moved parallel to its axis in proportion as the
work advances parallel to its axis, that is to say the cutter produces a cone or bevil
whose inclination is determined by the position into which the plate S has been set.
The cranked lever U, which is pivotted to the base A, may also be put into
motion for the cutting of the bevils. For this purpose it is only necessary to set
the stop X by means of the handle Y into the position shown by Fig. 1. This stop
then strikes one of the arms of the lever U and pushes it in proportion as the
carriage B advances, thereby producing a progressive backward movement of the
carriage C, the other arm of the lever U bearing against the screw V which
traverses a support r fixed to the carriage C. To throw the stop X out of
action it is only necessary to turn the handle Y 90° as indicated by the arrow
in Fig. 2.
Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the drawings accompanying this Complete Specification
shew a modification of the pivot lathe shown in the drawings filed with the
Provisional Specification.
In these figures the screw G is shifted from its former position, but its purpose
remains the same, and the worm of the driving axis is situated at the end of
the latter and drives the worm wheel Fx which is free to turn on the axis H>
placed parallel to the screw G. The axis H is supported by a bearing ↳ fixed
to the base plate A and carries a pinion gearing with a wheel G* fixed upon the
spindle G.
The worm wheel Fx is connected to the screw threaded portion of the axis H* by
means of a coupling box yx which allows the wheel Fx to be disconnected from the
screw H* when the latter, and with it the screw G, is to be stopped. The axis/
which carries the worm F may also be stopped (by the means hereinafter described)
when the screw G is to be stopped, as is necessary after each operation, that is to
say each time the operation of one of the tools is completed, and another tool is to
be put into operation as before explained.
The stoppage may be effected by means of one of the ratchet wheels f** on
the axis and the pawls ex fixed to the levers Ex which are pivotted to the
bearings a and a*.
In view of increasing the number of successive operations which may be
executed on the machine, I have replaced the two screws d', and d*, of the
lathe shown by Figs. 1 to 4, by three similar screws d* which cause the corre-
sponding pawls ex to act successively upon the wheels *, as will be described
below (see Figs. 6).
Each of the levers Ex is provided with a counter balance weight tending to
cause the pawl to fall into gear with the corresponding wheel *, this causing
the instantaneous stopping of the axis f.
Each of the levers Ex is provided with an arm * carrying a hook "" which
occupies a position opposite to one of the screws d*. These hooks 4 engage auto-
matically with the pins & projecting from the bearings a or a when the levers Ex
under the control of the screws dx are lifted, that is to say, when the carriage Bis
shifted sufficiently backward so that none of the screws d* are in contact with the
hooks The lifting of the levers Ex is effected by means of the eccentrics or
cams V which are fixed upon a transverse axis T× supported in bearings (* on the
carriage B.
The axis Tx may be turned by means of a knob or button Ux into four different
positions, in each of which it is maintained by means of a spring e* whose head
hooks into or engages with corresponding notches in the knob or button U*. Each
time the said spring engages with one of the three first notches of U one of the
eccentrics or cams V has its depression turned upward thus allowing the corre-
sponding lever Ex to fall and to stop the wheel by means of its pawl e* (see
Fig. 7). The other eccentrics or cams x present to their respective levers Ex
their raised portions and thus prevent these latter falling; if the bution U× be

page_text: their raised
E
can
and
of the said
portions in
fall. This
being operated;
If the three levers E
and
if
B
is
shifted
turned so as to cause the spring * to engage with the fourth notch
button Ux, then the three eccentrics or cums have
contact with the levers E and consequently none of these levers
position of the eccentries or eams permit of the screws
the lovers, pawls and hooks at this time being ont of action.
are in their raised position, as described above,
sufficiently far back so that none of the screws ds, are
hook the latter will automatically, that is to
weight, come into engagement with the
pins
that the first eccentric or cam V has its
×
axis T is in this position, the screw d
against the hook
the carriage
in contact with any of the
say, by means of their own
4. If
depression
the
axis T is
upward and if, whilst the
E* comes
then
turned so
corresponding to the lever
by rea-on of the shifting of the carriage B, said hook * will
and that lever Ex which is above the first eccentric
be disengaged from the pin
出
will fall and bring its
or cam
pawl
wheel
This caust
the
axis
into
to be stopped
engagement with the
corresponding
time the worm F and wheel F*, pinion
belt or cord driving the pulley F continuing
to revolve said pulley until the axis is again
Whilst the axis is at rest the carriage
instantaneously, and at the same
and screw (, are also stopped. The
to travel will slide upon and be unable
released.
the
second
operation,
is shifted in the manner described
with reference to Figs. 1 to 4 so as to bring the tool into the working position for
performing
The button U× is then turned the distance of
one notch, and the second eccentric or cam will then bring its depression against
its corresponding lever E*, and the first lever E having perforined its office is
✓
x
The
lifted, so that its pawl. is out of reach of the corresponding wheel /*.
second lever E* being in engagement with the pin by means of its look hill does
not fall onto its eccentric or cam V* until the second screw d" comes against said
hook as was the ease with regard to the first screw *. This releases the
second lever Ex and effects another stoppage of the axis and screw (i. The same
operation will be repeated with regard to the third lever Ex and after these three
similar operations have taken place the two last stoppages are effected by the
screws and in the same nianner as described with reference to Figs. 1 to 4.
By this arrangement five automatic stoppages can be obtained, but of course in
many cases only two or three will be necessary according to the work to be
done.
In place of employing the arm or pantographie lever S described with reference
to Figs. 1 to 4, I may adopt the following pantographical arrangement, which permits
of the production of various forms and is particularly useful in producing the
rounded shoulder of pivots shown on an exaggerated scale at Fig. 10.
For this
purpose fix to the base plate A a slide A parallel with the slide of the
carriage B, and upon this slide A is a carriage B* bearing a pattern, form, or
model *, representing on an enlarged scale the form which is to be turned on the
work, say for instance, the round part of the pivot shown in Fig. 10.
The carriage B* carries a piece 11** provided with a tapped hole into which
screws the before mentioned screw threaded axis II*, By turning this latter in
one direction the carriage B* is shifted from left to right and by turning it in the
other direction the carriage B is shifted from right to left. This movement of
the carriage B takes place at the same time as that of the carriage B, but as the
scrow G revolves slower than the screw * the carriage B* moves faster in either
direction than the carriage B. This difference in the rate of spoed of the two
carriages must be the same as the difference between the size of the pattern or
model 4*, and that of the work. The travel of the carriage B whilst the machine
is, for instance, turning a pivot, is so very small that it is not possible to make
an exact pattern or model of the round which is to be produced on the pivot
by means of the arm or pantographie lever S described with reference to
Figs. 1 to 4.
lever S is therefore pivotted to the base A and its long arm bears
against the pattern or model b*, whilst its short arm carries a set screw against
This

page_text: which bears the nose s forming part of the carriage C, the latter being acted upon,
as in the first described arrangement, by a spring Q.
The arrangement just described has the advantage of causing the shifting of the
carriage C by means of a pattern or model which represents on an enlarged scale,
the form to be produced on the work.
In some cases I substitute for the crank lever U shown in Fig. 1, the following
arrangement for producing on the pivots the very slight conicity usually given
to the pivots by watch makers. To the carriage B, (Fig. 8) I affix a small
support X, to which is hinged one end of a rod t connected at its other end to a
small crank U fixed to a screw u*. The latter is screwed through a projection Xx
of the base A, and the screw V, traversing a projection von the carriage C, bears
upon the extremity of the screw u*. According as the carriage B carrying the
work is shifted from right to left the rod, acting upon the crank U, causes a
partial rotation of the screw a and thereby a slight movement of the carriage C
which bears against said screw * under the action of the spring Q. The length
of the crauk U and the pitch of the thread of the screw * are calculated so as to
obtain a very slight movement of the carriage C in proportion to the movement of
the carriage B, in order to obtain for the work the desired conicity.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improved pivot lathe for forming and polishing cylindrical parts, short
rods, shoulders, bevils, etc. on arbors for going or moving parts used in watches,
clocks, musical boxes and other like mechanism, having its parts constructed,
arranged combined and operating substantially as hereinbefore described and shown
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. In pivot lathes, the combination of the carriage B carrying the work and the
carriage C carrying the several tools for acting successively on the said work, sub-
stantially as described.
3. In pivot lathes, the combination of the screw spindle G with the worm
wheel and the worm F driven by gearing, substantially as described.
4. In pivot lathes, the combination of the coupling box gx with the lever / and
the bolt, substantially as described and shown.
5. In pivot lathes, the combination with the pin g of the spindle G with
the automatic disengaging arrangement n, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
6. In pivot lathes, the hollow spindle I, with tube I", interior spindle 1,
clutch J, key J₁, and nut I*, substantially as described and shown and for the
purpose indicated.
7. In pirot lathes, the combination of the carriage C with the cutting tool L',
substantially as described.
8. In pivot lathes, the combination of the carriage C with the cutting tool N,
substantially as described.
9. In pivot lathes, the combination of the carriage C with the burnisher M,
substantially as described.
10. In pivot lathes, the combination of the carriage C with the lever O, sub-
stantially as described.
11. In pivot lathes, the combination of the carriage C with the lever P, sub-
stantially as described and for the purpose specified.
12. In pivot lathes, the lever S in combination on the one hand, with the stop T
of the carriage C, and on the other with the plate S* of the carriage B, sub-
stantially as described and for the purpose specified.
13. In pivot lathes, the combination of the stop X with the cranked lever U
pivotted to the base A, and with the screw V carried by the carriage C,
substantially as described and for the purpose indicated.
14. In pivot lathes, the combination of the axis f with ratchet wheels f* acted
B

page_text: upon by pawls ex pivotted to levers Ex when the said pawls ex are not out of reach
of wheels either by the engagement of the hooks of the said lovers Ex with
fixed pins, or by the eccentrics or cams V* raising said levers Ex, substantially
as shown and described and for the purpose specified.
15. In pivot lathes, the combination of the screw G with wheel G, pinion g",
axis or screw II with worm wheel Fx and coupling box gx and with the carriage B
carrying a pattern or model * against which bears the arm or pantographic lever S
receiving the pressure of the carriage C, substantially as shown and described and
for the purpose specified.
16. In pivot lathes, the combination of the carriage B with the support X, the 1
rod z the crank U and screw * screwed through the projection X in combination
with the screw of the carriage C, substantially as shown and described and for
the purpose specified.