Matrix-making Machine.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Feb., 1892-Accepted, 19th Mar., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Matrix-making Machine.
I JOSEPH CRAWHALL CHAPMAN, Chartered Patent Agent of 70 Chancery
Lane in the County of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
which has been communicated to me from abroad by The Chicago Matrix Machine
Company of 1050 Caxton Buildings, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America,
Manufacturers of Matrix Making Machines, and the manner in which the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to machines for making matrices from which to cast
stereotype-plates for use in printing; and the invention has for its object the
production of a machine capable of performing the various functions required to
form matrices suitable for making stereotype-plates for producing ordinary justified
print, and which machine is adapted to be operated in a manner similar to an
ordinary typewriting machine. This object is accomplished by the mechanism
illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine embodying my improvements; Fig. 2, is
a plan view of the same; Fig. 3, is a central longitudinal vertical section of the
same; Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the line - of Fig. 2, part of the
connections being omitted; Fig. 5 is a partial central transverse section. showing
the printing platen slightly elevated; Fig. 6 is a detached view of one of the
die-carrying devices, showing it by full and dotted lines, respectively, at its
extremes of movement; Figs. 7 to 12, inclusive are details of the die-carrier,
its socket and die; Figs. 13 and 14 are details of a bushing having a tapering
guiding aperture for the die-heads; Fig. 15 is a transverse view, similar to Fig. 5,
showing a matrix-body held at an inclination to the direction of die-movement for
making inclined matrix impressions; Fig. 16 is an enlarged view of the guiding
device and matrix-body of Fig. 15, and shows a type-die in position to receive a
plunger thrust; Fig. 17 shows, in section, a portion of a matrix-body with an
inclined type impression of the letter "o," such as would be formed in the manner
indicated in Figs. 15 and 16; Fig. 18 shows a similar impression in a horizontal
matrix-body made by a type (Fig. 19) having its character-face inclined to the
axis of its movement; Fig. 20 is a face-view of the type shown in Fig. 19;
Fig. 21 is a face-view (enlarged) of a type-die for the letter "h" showing the
manner in which a type may be provided with shoulders in order to produce in
the matrix-body an impression having corresponding shoulders and recesses;
Fig. 22 is a side elevation of the type shown in Fig. 21; Fig. 23 is a central
transverse section of Fig. 21; Fig. 24 is a sectional view of a matrix-body
containing an impression of such type; Fig. 25, in connection with Fig. 26, shows
the means for accurately guiding both the face and stem ends of the die in using
a socket similar to that shown in Figs. 13 and 14; Fig. 27 shows another means
for guiding both ends of the die; Fig. 28 is a detail of the die-carrying socket
shown in Fig. 27; Fig. 29 shows, in elevation, a portion of the machine containing
co-operating registers for indicating, respectively, the aggregate and the justifying
movements; Figs. 30 and 31 are detached views of the supporting bracket and
connecting devices for the latter register; Fig. 32 shows in detail the co-operating
ratchet-wheels of the feed escapement; Fig. 33 is a side elevation of these feed-
ratchets in operative position, in connection with a portion of their operating
devices; Fig. 34 is a plan view of the base of the bracket shown in Fig. 33 and of
a portion of the shaft and sleeve used in connection with the feed ratchets ;
Figs. 35 to 40, inclusive, show various positions of these ratchet-wheels in
operation, as will be hereinafter described; Fig. 41 is a longitudinal sectional

page_text: view of the device used for operating the impression plunger; Fig. 42 shows
such device immediately after it has begun a thrust; and Fig. 43 shows it at the
completion of such movement.
In said drawings 1 'designates a frame on which is mounted a cásing 2 preferably
of circular form. To the outside of the casing near its top and at opposite sides
are secured brackets 3 and 4, respectively. On top of the casing is the
printing platen, 5, which is hinged on a shaft 6 the shaft being journalled in the
brackets 3.
In the interior of the casing is a raised central part 7 having a cap 8 screwed on
its top. These parts, 7 and 8, are made hollow, and within them is an impression
device, consisting of a coutinuously rotating member 9 and an upper rotating and
intermittingly reciprocating member 10, the latter carrying a plunger 11 operating"
opposite the printing point.
To the raised central body 7 are fastened brackets 12 that support a circular
shaft 13, and on the inside walls of the casing 2 are brackets 14 that support
another circular shaft, 15. On these shafts, 13 and 15, respectively, are pivoted
links, 16 and 17, that extend downward and toward each other and have pivoted to
their free ends levers 18 that have their upper ends free and carry type-sockets 19.
The links 17 have arms 20 extending outside their pivoting shafts 15, to which are
connected rods 21 that extend downward through slots 22 in the base of the
casing 2 and are connected to clips 23 on the key-levers 24, the key-levers being
pivoted on a shaft 25 and actuated by the finger-keys 26.
The operation of the die-carriers and the connections between them and the
finger-keys serves to present the type-dies successively in central position, under
the printing point. The arrangement of the links 16 and 17 and their pivotal
connections with the die-carriers 18 are such that upon the operation of the hand-
keys the dies are moved by their carriers first radially inward to a common center
and next axially upward into the mouth of the guiding device at the printing
point. At the printing point is an aperture 27 in a bushing 28 in the center of a
plate 29 that is supported by the casing 2. Between the platen 5 and the plate 29
are narrow strips, 30, extending lengthwise of the platen along its outer edge, and
serving to provide a space between the platen and the plate 29 in which the
matrix-carriage 31 is placed. This carriage extends lengthwise of the platen
and is free to move at right angles thereto the length of a line of print.
On the top of and extending across the carriage are two cross-pieces 32 which
fit in corresponding grooves in the bottom of the platen. These cross-pieces are
fastened rigidly to and form part of the matrix-carriage, and are held to the platen
by bolts 33 that pass through slots 34 in the cross-pieces 32. These bolts have
thin heads that fit in grooves cut in the cross-pieces along the sides of the slots 34,
(shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2), thus permitting the cross-pieces to slide back
and forth with the carriage, without striking the heads of the bolts 33.
Immediately in rear of the printing point, in the bushing 28, and between it and
the rear cross-piece 32, are brackets 35 fixed on the carriage 31 and carrying a
shaft 36. On this shaft, between the brackets and over the matrix-carriage, is
a series of fine-toothed feed-wheels 37, adapted to slightly indent the top surface
of the matrix-material M and feed it forward in the carriage for line-spacing when
the shaft 36 is rotated. At one side of the platen 5 is a small frame 38 through
which the shaft 36 passes; and on this shaft, between the platen and the frame,
is a ratchet-wheel 39 feathered to the shaft; and in operative connection with the
wheel is a lever 40 carrying a pawl 41, adapted to rotate the shaft. To the upper
end of the pawl-carrying lever is fastened a rod 42 that extends along the side and
top of the platen to the front of the machine, and has attached to its forward end
a button 43. A small bracket 44 is fastened to the side of the platen and serves
as a support for the forward end of the rod 42; and on the rod, between the
bracket and the button, is a spiral spring 45 that serves to keep the rod forced
forward;
the extent of its movement being restricted by contact of a collar 46 on
the rod with the bracket 44. In this bracket is a pin 47 extending toward the

page_text: button 43, and serving to stop the rod when the latter is pushed inward by hand.
The length of this pin is such as to permit the inward movement of the rod 42 to
cause the proper extent of rotation of the shaft 36 for turning the ratchet-wheel 39,
and, hence, the feed-wheels 37, the proper distance to advance the matrix-material
from one line of print to the next. It is obvious that by making this pin 47
adjustable as to position on the rod 42, the line-spacing may be varied to suit any
desirable requirement.
On the extreme end of the shaft 36, at the left of the machine, is a small hand
wheel 48 which serves, by pushing it inward, as a means for returning the carriage
to the beginning of a line, and, by turning it from left to right, to feed the matrix-
material quickly through the carriage to discharge it. The matrix-body M is
held to contact with these feed wheels by means of a narrow plate 49 extending
across the matrix carriage and fixed thereto below the feed wheels, and between
this plate and the feed wheels the matrix body is made to pass, the plate serving
as its support.
The shaft 6, on which the platen 5 is hinged is held from turning by set-
screws 50 in the brackets 3. On this shaft are two springs 51 having their
adjacent ends fastened to it near the middle at points 52. The outer ends of the
springs are fastened to, or enter holes in lugs 53 on the platen 5; the lugs being
utilized to furnish the hinging connections for the platen. These springs may be
given a strong initial tension operating to raise the platen and matrix-carriage,
together with the connected parts, upward and away from the plate 29. This
tension is resisted by a locking device between the forward end of the platen and
the bracket 4, which locking device consists of two catches (one at each side of the
platen), somewhat similar to door catches, but both operated by one push-button
at the right hand side of the machine. One of these catches, 54, is located at the
right hand side of the platen and engages a lug 55 formed on an extension 56 of the
bracket 4; and the other catch, 57, is located at the left of the platen in a lug 58,
and its extension 59, on the bracket 4, and engages the left side of the platen.
The right hand catch 54 has a stem 60 that extends across the platen, and termi-
nates in a plunger 61. Around the stem 60 is a spring 62 that serves to keep the
catch 54 pushed to the right by pressure against the middle rib 63 of the platen;
the extreme movement to the right being limited by contact of a collar 64 on the
stem with the side of the rib opposite the spring. In the lug 55 is an opening
that receives the catch 54 and in this opening is a plunger 65 having a stem 66.
on which is a push-button 67. The length of this plunger 65 and its stem 66 are:
just sufficient to permit the catch 54 to be released from the lug 55 when pushed
inward by means of the button 67. The catch 54, stem 60 and plunger 61 have a
combined length exactly equal to the width of the platen 5; so that when the
plunger 65 releases the catch 54 the plunger 61 also releases the catch 57, thus
leaving the platen free to rise. The catch 57 has a stem 68, which is provided
with a collar 69 engaging the lug extension 59, and a spring 70 on the stem
serves to push it a definite distance inward when not forced outward by the
plunger 61.
Instead of giving the spring 51 a tension sufficient to raise the platen, the latter
may, as is obvious, be raised by hand, and the spring have only sufficient force to
relieve the weight. In the latter case an upward initial tension on the platen, to
prevent any possibility of lost motion when the dies are being impressed into the
matrix, may be given by one or more short-motion push-springs located in the top
of the casing and acting to resist the downward movement of the platen just.
before it reaches its position to be locked by the catches 54 and 57.
The lower left hand corner of the platen 5 and the upper left hand corner of
the lug 54 are slightly cut away, as shown at 71, to provide inclined surfaces for the
catches 54 and 57 to slide on, so as to cause an easy action of the platen when it is
lowered after being raised. The extent of the upward movement of the platen
is limited by two set-screws 72 in the extension 73 of the lugs 53, which set-
screws come in contact with the brackets 3 at the points where the latter diverge
:

page_text: from the circular course of the casing toward the lugs which support the platen
shaft.
The plate 29 is cut away on the right hand side flush with the edge of the platen
to make room for a bracket 74 which supports the feeding devices for letter-
spacing. This bracket has on its upper face three lugs, 75, 76 and 77; and next
the middle lug, 76, and directly opposite the center of the machine, a guide-way
is planed in the bracket for a rack 78 that extends from without the machine
inward and is connected to the matrix-carriage. Ways 79 are also cut in the
bracket to admit the ends of the cross-pieces 32 when the latter are at the extreme
positions of the movements of the matrix-carriage toward the right.
In the lugs 75 and 76 is mounted a shaft 80 on the end of which is a gear 81
that meshes in the rack 78. On this shaft is a spring 82, one end of which is
fast to the shaft and the other to one of the lugs 75 or 76, and which spring is
given a moderately strong initial tension to rotate the gear 81 in the direction for
moving the rack, and, hence, the matrix-carriage inward, or toward the left,
(Fig. 2).
The inner end of the rack 78 terminates in an upwardly projecting lip 83
between which and another lip 84, is cut a recess 85. On the matrix-carriage 31,
directly in line with the rack 78, is a block 86, having lips and a recess adapted
to fit and engage the recess and lips on the end of the rack. This makes a firm
connection between the rack and the matrix-carriage when the platen is lowered
to printing position and permits a free separation when the platen (and hence the
matrix-carriage) is raised for the purpose of examining the printing, and serves
as a suitable joint between the rack and carriage for causing movements for letter
or word spacing; the line-to-line feed being effected by moving the material in
the carriage by means of the feed wheels 37 operated by the shaft 36, as here-
tofore stated.
The lugs 76 and 77 support a shaft 87, and a gear 88 fastened to a sleeve 98 on
the shaft meshes in the rack 78. The sleeve carries, adjacent to the gear 88, a
series, 90, of ratchet-wheels designated respectively, a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h, each of
which, except the wheel h, which is attached to the sleeve 89, has a movement on
the sleeve equal to the distance of one tooth (or more) relative to the next
adjacent wheel. These ratchet-wheels are held in slight frictional contact with
one another by a spiral spring 91, one end of which is attached to the sleeve 89
and the other to the ratchet-wheel a. This spring, in addition to exerting a force
to hold the several ratchet-wheels in frictional contact with one another, has a
weak tension to turn them on the sleeve in the direction that feeds the rack inward,
(that is, a rotation of the wheels in the direction of the arrows in Figs. 35 to 40).
All of these wheels, except the wheel h, have oblong slots 92, and all of them,
except the wheel a, have pins 93 projecting from their faces and entering the slots
of adjacent wheels; each of the wheels therefore, except the wheel h, is free to
turn on the sleeve a distance equal to the length of the slot into which its pin projects.
The slot 92 in the wheel a is of a length that will permit that wheel to rotate on
the wheel b a distance equal to one tooth; and the slot in each of the other wheels
is of such length as to permit the wheel it is in to rotate on the adjacent wheel a
distance equal to one tooth. And the aggregate movement of these wheels is
utilized to determine the extent of movement of the rack and matrix-carriage.
These wheels, a, b, c, &c., have their respective slots and pins so arranged that
when the pins are all at either extreme of movement the teeth of all the wheels will
coincide as though they were the successive teeth of a single wheel having a rim
equal to the combined rims of the several wheels.
Beneath the bracket 74 is fastened another bracket 94 on which is a sliding
block 95 carrying a pawl 96 which is pivoted to the block. The block is made to
slide by means of a rod 97, that is guided on the bracket. A slot 98 in the
bracket permits the pawl to slide along the bracket parallel to the axis of the
ratchet-wheels. The gravitation of the pendent portion 99 of the pawl holds
the latter in vertical position, and a recess 100 lateral to the slot 98 receives this

page_text: pendent portion of the pawl to enable it to resist the force of the ratchet-wheels
engaged by the pawl. The rod 97, provided for carrying the pawl and sliding it
from one ratchet-wheel to another, is operated by means of a lever 101 fixed on
a shaft 102 that is journaled in the lower part of the frame 1. On this shaft is
also fixed a bail 103 which, by means of the tension of a spring 104 attached to
the lever 101 and to a lug 105, is held up against the bottom of a series of spacing
bails or levers 106 that are pivoted on a shaft 107. The bails 106 form rectangles,.
one within another, their rear ends being supported on a plate 108 and held
thereto by springs 109 the ends of which are fastened to an underlying plate 110.
On each of the levers 24 is pivoted a clip 111 that extends downward and has a
forked end 112 straddling, the top edge of one of the bails 106, and on the rear
end of each bail, except one, is fixed a rod 113 that extends upward into the
bracket 94 and which, when elevated by the tripping of the bails 106 on their
shaft 107, serves as a stop-pin to arrest the movement of the pawl-carrying slide-
block 95, the latter being recessed in its under surface, as shown at 114, to
receive them. These rods are arranged to be projected through holes 115 in the
brackets 94.
The operation of this feed mechanism is as follows: The depression of one of
the finger keys depresses the corresponding key-lever which, by causing its clip 111
to engage one of the spacing bails 106, tilts it so as to lift the end of its rod 113
into the track of the pawl-carrier to stop the pawl in position to engage the desired
wheel of the series a, b, &c., when the pawl carrier is moved. The tilting of the
bail 106 causes the depression of the bail 103 which in turn causes the lever 101
to move toward the ratchet-wheels and carry with it (by means of the rod 97) the
pawl-carrier so as to move the pawl in line with the axes of the wheels from one
wheel to the next until it is stopped by the rod 113 that has been lifted by the
tilting of one of the bails 106, or by reaching the extreme position of its sliding
movement. The tilting of one of the bails 106 and the corresponding movement
of the bail 103 and the lever 101, are sufficient to cause a movement of the pawl
the entire width of the ratchet-wheel faces from the wheel a to the wheel h, and
the stopping of the pawl-carrier at any intermediate point by one of the rods 113,
which thus shortens the pawl-carrier movement, compensated for by the com-
pression of a spring 95* that surrounds the rod 97 between the pawl-carrier and
the end of the lever 101. To satisfactorily accomplish this result the pawl-
carrier is preferably made fast to the rod 97 (the pawl 96 being hung loosely
thereon) and the lever 101 is made to slide on the rod by the compression of the ..
spring between the lever and the pawl-carrier, the tension of the spring being
sufficient to move the pawl-carrier but not strong enough to stop the lever move-
ment when the pawl-carrier is detained by the projected stop-rod 113.
It will be obvious that as it requires two ratchet-wheels to accomplish a feed:
movement equal to the space of one tooth and three ratchet-wheels to effect a
movement equal to two teeth, it requires eight wheels to make a feed movement.
equal to seven teeth. And it will be understood that, as the carrier of the pawl
may be stopped at the last wheel of the series by contact with the bracket 94,
only six stop-rods 113 are required for controlling seven degrees of feed.
movement, for the last degree is determined by the stoppage of the pawl by the.
bracket.
The manner in which these ratchet-wheels operate to permit variable feed move-
ments is illustrated in Figs. 35 to 40, inclusive, in which are shown in dotted lines
the relative positions of the slots and pins due to the movements of the pawl, the
pins being section lined to more clearly show them. In Fig. 35 the pawl is
stopped so as to be in engagement with the ratchet-wheel a and the tension given.
by the rack to the gear 88 serves to force the pins to the extreme forward ends of...
the slots in which they engage. Sliding the pawl out of engagement with the.
wheel a and into engagement with the wheel b does not disturb the positions of the
wheels b to h or the gear 88 but it permits the spring 91 to rotate the wheel a in
the direction of the arrow the space of one tooth, which movement is permitted.

page_text: because the length of the slot 92 is greater to that extent than the diameter of the
pin. Sliding the pawl back from the wheel 6 to the wheel a does not disturb the
position this latter wheel assumed when permitted to advance, but it releases
the wheel b and permits it, and the mechanism between it and the paper carriage,
to advance until the pin 93 is at the same end of the slot 92 as it originally was,
this position being shown in Fig. 39.
If in moving the pawl from the wheel a axially along the wheels it is not stopped
at the wheel b but is permitted to move to the wheel c, the spring 91 will first
advance the wheel a on the wheel b the distance of one tooth and, then, both the
wheels a and b will rotate on the face of the wheel c the distance of one tooth.
Returning the pawl to the wheel a permits the remainder of the wheels to advance
the space of two teeth, as in Figs. 38 and 40. So, in moving the pawl to engage
any other wheel, the extent of the movement is determined by the wheel which the
pawl engages when it is stopped.
It is obvious that an increased extent of feed movement may be had by using a
larger number of ratchet-wheels, and any reasonable degree of limitation of
movement may he had without making the ratchet-teeth too fine, by making the
ratchet-teeth numerous and increasing the ratchet-wheel diameter as compared
with the gear diameter.
An examination of the key-board will show that the keys are divided into two
groups containing respectively the upper case and lower case letters, mingled with
certain characters and figures. Each of these keys is connected, in the manner
hereinbefore described, with one of the type-carrying levers 18 and also by clips 111
with the spacing bails. Intermediate the two groups of keys representing
characters is a row of seven keys, 116, marked on their respective faces, -1, 0, 1, 2,
3, 4 and 5. These are the spacing-keys (which, to distinguish them from the
character-keys, may be of a different color) and the figures on their faces indicate
the measure of space each of them is adapted to interpose between words. The key
marked "O" is designed to throw the normal space, which, in the present instance,
is assumed to be two units of movement, though obviously it may be any desired
quantity. The key marked "-1" throws one unit less than the normal space, or
one unit. The key marked "1" is designed to throw one unit more than the
normal spacing movement, or three units. The other keys throw respectively two,
three, four and five more units than the normal space, or totals of four, five &c. These
keys are used to interpose any desired measure of space between words to produce
justified lines of printing, and hence are connected to the spacing-bails 106 in the
same manner as the other keys are connected to them, but are not connected to the
type-carrying levers 18.
In forming the type-dies and in constructing the feed mechanism for the matrix-
material regard should be had to some system of measurement corresponding in
both. For this purpose it is desirable, and is customary, to select an arbitrary unit
as a basis of measurement upon which the dies are cut and which also represents
the minimum movement of the feed mechanism for advancing the matrix-body.
All movements greater than the minimum for advancing the matrix-body are then
arranged to be multiples of this unit of measurement, whether the movements are
for wider letters or for spacing without impressions for justifying lines. In using
a machine based on such system of measurement it is desirable to use copy prepared
by an ordinary typewriting machine, and have such copy indicate in corresponding
units of measurement, either the space occupied by the printing, or the extra
spacing required to produce justified print. For example, let it be assumed that a
line of justified impressions made by the matrix-machine contains 132 units of
measurement, then to produce such line the copy from which the impressions are
made should show either the aggregate space occupied by the impressions
contained in the lines of the copy, or the extra spaces to be thrown in between
words in making the matrix to cause the last impression to complete the total
of 132 units of matrix movement; or, otherwise stated, to cause the fines to justify.
The manner of producing such copy not being part of this invention it is only

page_text: necessary to state in general that the copy from which the matrix impressions are to
be produced should indicate the amount of space required to be thrown in between
the words to produce justified print.
Then in using such copy in connection with the operation of the matrix-making
machine, there must be provided means for indicating the feed movements so as to
determine whether the lines of impressions contain both. the proper aggregate unit
measurements and the proper amount of spacing between words to produc
conventional justification.
To attain these ends the front end of the shaft 80 (the end opposite the gear 81) is
provided with a dial 117 adapted, by means of a pointer 118 on the bracket 4, to
register all of the movements of the shaft and so indicate the total movements of
the rack 78 which advances the matrix-material.
The devices for operating and registering the spacing between words are as
follows: A bridge-tree 119 attached to the frame 1 under the front of the casing 2
and above the key-levers (see Fig. 29) has a stud 120 on which is pivoted a
lever 121 having six pins 122, on each of which is a link 123 having a con-
nection 124 with one of six of the seven key-levers 24* that are controlled by the
spacing keys 116. The links 123 are provided with slots 125 in which the pins 122
may slide and, in normal position, these pins are all at the upper extremes of the
slots; but when one of the key-levers 24* is depressed its connection 124 and
link 123 are drawn down with it, thus pulling down the lever 121 and causing all
of the pins 122 to slide in the slots of their respective links. This construction
permits any one of the key-levers thus connected to the lever 121 to draw the
latter downward the desired distance without disturbing the positions of the other
key-levers.
At a point 126 on the shorter arm of the lever 121 is connected a rod 127 that
passes up through a flange 128 formed on the base of the casing 2, and is connected
with a spacing register located on the outside of the casing. Around the rod is a
spring 129 that serves to hold the lever 121 in the position shown in Fig. 29, by
keeping a collar 130 in contact with the upper face of the flange 128. The upper
end of this rod is connected to the end of a pawl-carrying lever 131 that is pivoted
on a shaft 132 mounted in a bracket 133; which rod when operated serves to turn
a ratchet-wheel 134 carried on the shaft 132 and thereby to turn the graduated
disk 135. The disk is held from turning on the shaft by being fastened to a
button 136 having a pin 137 extending through a slot in the shaft 132, thus
permitting the disk to slide on the shaft when the button is pushed by hand.
Around the shaft is a spring 138 which gives the ratchet-wheel a tension towards
the disk and also tends to rotate it; the rotation being resisted by a dog or
pawl 139 held by a block 140 on the bracket 133. The depression of one of the
spacing-key levers 24" that is connected to the lever 121 lifts the pawl lever 131
and the pawl engages one of the teeth of the ratchet-wheel and turns it, together
with the shaft 132 and the disk, in the direction to wind up the spring 138. The
release of the key-lever permits the pawl lever to fall back to normal position and
the ratchet-wheel is restrained from following by being in engagement with the
dog 139. The distance the ratchet-wheel is turned depends upon the extent of the
vibration of the lever 121 when lifted by one of the key-levers, each of the key-
levers being arranged to give a different degree of movement. The number of
graduations on the face of the disk 135 corresponds to the number of teeth in the
ratchet-wheel 134, and a pointer 141 fixed on the bracket 133 indicates the amount
of the first movement and the sum of all movements of the register when several
movements have been made without returning the disk to the zero mark. In the
frame or bracket 133 are two loose pins 142 of a length equal to or a little less
than the distance between the front face of the ratchet-wheel 134 and the rear face
of the disk 135, which pins serve to communicate axial movement to the ratchet-
wheel to disengage it from its moving pawl and holding dog and permit it to be
retracted to zero by the spring 138 when the button 136 is pushed by hand. The
release of the hand pressure on the button permits the spring 138 to return the

page_text: ratchet-wheel and disk to normal position. On the bracket 133 is a stop 143 and
on the back of the disk is a pin 144, the two being so located with respect to the
disk movement that the retraction of the disk by the action of the spring will stop
it with the zero graduation coincident with the pointer. The actuating and holding
pawls are so located that the release of the hand pressure on the button 136 will
permit the ratchet-wheel to slip into engagement with these pawls and to be in
position to receive rotation by the action of the spacing levers.
The spacing register here described is adapted to indicate only the space (more
or less than the pormal space) thrown between words to cause a line to justify; and
shows the operator when he has thrown. (added or subtracted) the whole amount-an
amount previously determined by the prepared copy, as above stated. For this
reason it is not necessary to indicate all the movements of the spacing key-levers
on the registering device, but only those of levers that throw more or less than
the normal space. In the drawings one of the levers 24° is shown as not connected
to the spacing register, and this is the lever. designed to throw the normal space
between words, no record of which need be kept.
It will be understood that when the copy indicates that a line of printing occupies
more space than a justified line produced on the matrix machine the operator, in
making the matrix, should condense the line by using the spacing key marked "- -1"
for throwing spaces between words, thus throwing but half the normal space cach
time until the proper amount of condensation is accomplished to produce exact
justification. Thus, suppose the copy indicates that a certain line occupies 135 units
of measurement, when the justified line should occupy only 132 units. To reduce
such line to the required extent it is necessary that the operator of the matrix
machine strike the key marked "-1" for three of the spaces between words and
the key marked "0" for the normal space in other instances. In this way the
length of the line may be reduced by three units and occupy the 132 units
required for justification. These subtracted spaces are indicated by the register 135
in the same manner as added spaces. Thus striking the "-1" key three times
causes the registry of three units as in the case of striking the "1" key three
times; but no confusion need arise therefrom because upon completion of the line
the register is returned to the zero mark, and the minus and plus quantities are not
used in combination. The two graduated disks 117 and 135 are thus adapted to be
used in conjunction in producing justified print from prepared copy. This conjoint
use may be as follows, viz.: Assuming as before, that each justified line contains
132 units of space, then when the last character of each line has been printed the
dial 117 should register 132, (or, if it started at 132 and was run backward, it
should indicate, at the finish, zero,) to show that the line is of exactly the required
length. But if the characters in words and the normal space between words of
any particular line occupy a less number of units of space, as, for instance, 125
units and the copy indicates that seven extra units must be thrown in between
words to produce a line of 132 units in length, then the operator, when making the
spaces between words, instead of striking the spacing-key controlling the
normal space, strikes one that controls one or more units in excess of the normal
space and the extra amount of space thus thrown in is indicated by the dial 135.
Upon reaching the last space between words in the line if this dial does not already
indicate "seven," (the difference between the copy and the units in a justified line)
the operator strikes a spacing-key controlling enough extra space to make up the
required seven extra units of space, and then finishes the line of printing. If upon
reaching the last space between words the operator sees by the indication of the
dial 135 that the required extra spaces have already been thrown, he uses the
key controlling the normal space.
Upon completion of the line of printing the indicators 117 and 135 are examined
and if the former shows the line to be finished at the proper point, and the latter
that the number of extra units indicated by the copy have been added to the
normal space between words, it will be apparent that the spicing of the work to
produce justification is correct and needs no proof-reading or correction. If, on

page_text: the other hand, the indicator 135 shows the proper amount of extra space as being
thrown in, but the indicator 117 shows that the line does not terminate at the
proper point, but contains more or less than the required number of units, the
operator's attention is thus called to the fact that there is an error somewhere in
the last line of print, and, by comparing the work with the copy, he is enabled to
locate and correct the error before proceeding further. Thus it will be seen that
by the conjoint use of the indicators 117 and 135, when using prepared copy, the
operator is enabled not only to justify lines of printing but to accomplish the
justification without the work of proof-reading and without loss of time. And,
furthermore, the conjoint use of the two indicators in making print from such
prepared copy serves the purpose of proof-reading in the discovery of ordinary
errors. For, if the operator in reproducing the line of copy repeats or omits a
word or character, or strikes a wrong character, the proper space will not (except
in rare instances) be produced, and the indicator 117 will show that the line does
not justify.
In case the copy shows that less than the normal space (that thrown by the
"0" key) is required between words to justify a line, the dial 117 will indicate
these movements in like manner, and the operator will understand the registration
to refer to minus quantities for he will be aware that he is using movements of less
extent than the normal unrecorded movements and so can compare the aggregate
feed and word-spacing, as in the former case.
The impression device member 9 has a stem 145 to which is attached a bevel
gear 146 into which meshes a pinion 147 ou a shaft 148 that passes between the
type-lever rods 21 to the exterior of the machine, and is journaled at 149 in the
fraine 1 and carries a driving-wheel 150 on its outer end.
The cap 8, on the central raised body part 7, is bored out to receive several stop-
pins 151 which are held from engagement with the impression device by catches 152.
Surrounding and slightly removed from these catches is a ring 153 supported on
three or more flexible springs 154 fixed in the cap 8. This ring is so located that
when one of the die-carrying levers 18 is thrown inward toward the printing point
it will strike and move the ring laterally in the direction of the die-lever move-
ment and cause it to come in contact with one or more of the catches 152, and
release them from the stop-pins 151. The released stop-pin, or pins, will then
descend by gravity (or by the force of springs) to engage the upper surface of the
impression device member 10, which is provided with inclines 155 and shoulders 156.
Upon engagement of a shoulder 156 by a stop-pin, rotation of the member 10 is.
interrupted and that member is caused by the rotating member 9 to make an
upward reciprocation; and this movement, while making a thrust of the plunger 11
to impress a die, also lifts the stop-pins 151 to normal position and to engagement.
with their catches. Upon the return vibration the ring 153, after freeing a catch
from a stop-pin, rests against the lever 18 and a sufficient distance from the catches
to permit the latter to re-engage the stop-pins that they have been pushed upward
by the thrust of the impression device.
The speed of the impression device and the movements of the parts 152 and 153
are so related to the movements of the carriers 18, that control of the impression
device for plunger thrusts is secured while the die is moving rapidly toward and is
near to the printing position, and the result secured by this arrangement is that the
impression device is engaged and caused to thrust the dies the instant they reach
the printing position. By this means a speed is obtainable in excess of what would
be possible in a machine in which the release of the impression device for making
thrusts is effected after the die reaches its final position.
The construction and weights of the links 16 and 17, the connections 21 and 23,
the levers 24, and the keys 26 are such that those parts are nearly evenly balanced
on the fulcrums 15 and 25; and to cause a quick action in the return of the type-
dies from the printing position, a number of shafts 157 are run across the frame 1
and to these and to the key-levers are connected springs 158.
The type-carrying lever 18 is made of two parallel pieces which receive the
B

page_text: links 16 and 17 between them, and at their upper ends receive a lug 159, formeu
on the body of the type-socket, as shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 12, and the lug is
secured by rivets 160.
The body or head 161 of the type-die is first made round, of a diameter equal to
that of the socket and then has two sides milled off, as shown at 162, to a thickness 5
equal to or slightly greater than the diameter of the die-stem 163. The socket is
round and has its lug 159 on one side extending from the base about one half of
the length of the socket-body. The socket has a slot 164 through its upper end,
of a proper width to receive the flattened head of the die. The direction of this
slot in the type-socket is always the same with respect to the machine, but the 1
lug 159 on each socket varies with respect to the slot so as to accommodate it to
the varying positions of the type-carrying levers 18 in their circle.
The bushing 28 has its aperture 27 of the same shape and size as the flattened
head of the die and has a flaring opening 165 to receive and guide the die and
socket-body when thrown into it, as shown at 166, at the same inclination as the
flare of the opening. The type-die is slightly loose in the socket but fits accurately
in the guide hole in the bushing 28. The object of this is that the die and its
socket may be comparatively cheap of construction, and at the same time a means
is provided for accurately guiding the die to the printing point.
Another means for guiding the die is that shown in Figs. 27 and 28, in which the
socket body 19 is made with a hole 167 to receive a guide pin 168 carried by a
lug 169 on the die-head, and a slot 170 in the side of the socket is provided to
permit the lug to slide lengthwise of the socket-piece. The bushing is provided
with a second guide hole 171 at the side of the opening for the die, and having a
flaring mouth 172, to receive the pin 168. By this arrangement the aperture to
receive the die may be round and the pin and its guiding aperture will prevent the
die while in use from being twisted or turned and will serve to guide the die-head,
while its stem may be guided by the plunger. In either case the die may be com-
paratively loose in its carrier and efficient means for guiding it in operation be
afforded by the plunger and the guiding device at the printing point. The former
arrangement, however, is simpler and therefore preferable.
The type-die head 160 and its stem 162 are preferably made in one piece, the
latter having a tapering end 173 adapted to be engaged by a counter-sink 174 of
similar form in the end of the plunger, 11, of the impression device. The end
portion of the die-stem is threaded to receive a nut 175 for holding a spring 176 on
the stem, which spring serves to retract the die after it has been thrust by the
impression device. The removal of the nut from the stem permits the die to be
readily removed from its socket.
In the formation of type-impressions in a yielding matrix material by the
successive impression of separate dies, cach impression is liable to be disturbed
This disturbance
by the following impression made in close proximity to it.
usually consists both in crowding inward the forward walls of the last made
impression and raising slightly its character-face. In order to compensate for
such crowding of material the impressions may be made by dies having shoulders
or projections near their faces and the impressions may be made to incline to
the surface of the matrix material; that is, made deeper at the forward than
the rear portions. By these means there will be a widened space provided back
of the character-face of each impression to receive material crowded over laterally
by the formation of the next succeeding impression; and the downward inclination
of the character-face will enable the upward crowding effect of the next impression
to raise the former approximately to a plane parallel with the surface of the
matrix-body.
This inclination of the impression faces may be produced by having the
matrix-material M held and moved at an inclination to the horizontal, plane, (as
indicated in Figs. 15 and 16 by the inclination of the matrix-carriage and its con
nections to the horizontal line h―h), and operating the dies in vertical direction, a
indicated by the lines, in those figures. The impression formed by the

page_text: type-die would be, for the letter "o," as shown by the sectional view, Fig. 17,
which is on a plane transverse to the character. The same result may be reached
by having the matrix material horizontal and the die operated vertically, but
having the penetrating portion of the die inclined to the axis of its movement, as
indicated in Fig. 19. In either case, an impression 177 having an inclined face
will be made, which (for a character line the letter "o,") will be similar to Figs. 17
or 18. The penetrating portion, 174, of the die (Figs. 19 and 20) has shoulders 178
and 179 retreating from its type-face 180, and the latter is at a suitable inclination
to the axis of the die and to its movement, represented by the broken line v-0.
This type-face inclination, as well as that of the impression to the matrix-materia!
surface, is indicated by the inclination of the lines i-i, to the lines h-h in Figs. 15
to 19.
In constructing a shouldered die, such as referred to, a shoulder 178 is formed
around cach character and is made to conform substantially to the outline of the
character, except that it is not made to extend beyond the extreme rear edge of
the character nor above the tops of the tall characters. This shoulder is wider on
the forward edge of each character and the lower edges of characters that extend
below the general line of printing, (such characters as "g" and "y"), than about
other portions. Intermediate the shoulder 178 and the face of the character a
second shoulder 179 is formed that is smaller in superficial area and extends around
a more limited portion of the character. The exact extent and contour of the
shoulder 179 should vary with the different letters, but in general it should be so
placed as to better protect the hair-lines and those parts of the letters that are
liable to be injured by succeeding impressions. Around the forward edges of the
characters, and occasionally around the hair lines, the connecting material between
the character-faces and the inner shoulder 179 is formed into a bevel 181. The
object of this bevel is to more thoroughly protect an impression from injury by a
succeeding impression, by having the matrix material pressed away laterally in the
formation of the impressions; and, to enable better castings to be made of the fine
hair-lines of the matrix impressions, by having such portions of the matrix
impressions wider in the rear of, than at the face of, the impression. The sides of
the other portions of the characters may be made parallel or nearly so. If beveled
at all their bevel may be uniform and much less than the bevel 181 heretofore
mentioned. The interiors of characters having two or more stems are preferably
cut out in concave form as shown at 182 though this is not essential to the other
features of the invention. It is also preferable to have all corners except those on
the character-faces rounded as shown at 183 rather than sharp corners. In the
drawings such die for the character "h" is illustrated in Figs. 21, 22 and 23, and
a section of matrix-material is shown in Fig. 24 with an impression 177 such as
would be formed by the die shown in figures referred to.
The impression device herein referred to, comprising the two co-acting members 9
and 10 is similar to that described in my United States Patent No. 429,742 of
June 10th 1890, with only such modifications as adapt it to the present form of
machine, and although it will not be herein specifically claimed, its structure and
operation will be described as follows: The member 9 being attached to the
stem 145 is rotated continuously in the direction indicated by the arrow, by
means of the gear wheel 146, the hub of which may have a feather fitting a
key-way in said stem. The interiors of the two clutch-box members are accurately
bored out at 184 and a guide-block 185 is fitted in them and held to the member 9
by screws 186. A hole 187 passes axially through the stem 145 and part way
through the guide-block 185. A. pin 186 provided with a slotted head 189,
extends centrally in this opening and through the bottom of the guide-block and is
screwed into the clutch-box member 10. Surrounding this pin and intermediate its
head and the guide-block is a spiral spring 190, which serves to hold the two
5 clutch-box members in contact with each other and to retract the upper member
after it makes its thrust.

page_text: The operation of the machine is as follows: The operator strikes one of the
keys 26 to depress it and with it depresses its lever 24, which, by means of the
connections and links, throws the type-die inward in nearly horizontal direction
until it is beneath the aperture 27 when the direction of the movement changes to
an upward thrust directly into the flaring mouth of the guide-opening. At about
the moment of this change of direction of movement the die-carrier 18 strikes the
ring 153 which in turn strikes one of the catches 152, thus releasing a stop-pin 151
which descends and engages the upper part of the impression device, and holds
it while the lower part continues to revolve in the direction of the arrow ; thus
the plunger 11 is thrust against the die-stem and the die is driven through the
bushing into the matrix-material. The thrust of the impression device also
pushes back to normal position the released stop-pin 151 to be re-engaged
by its catch 152. The thrust is completed as soon as an incline on the lower
part 9 has passed an incline on the upper part 10. While the key-lever 24 is
serving to move the die toward the center the clip 111 on the lever engages the
spacing bail 106 that controls the proper feed movement for the character
represented by the operated key and by tilting it on its fulcrum projects the
upper end of one of the rods 113 into the path of the pawl-carrying slide.
The tilting of one of these bails also tilts the bail 103 on its shaft, thus moving
the lever 101 toward the front, carrying with it the pawl 96 and it; frame until
stopped by the projected rod 113. This movement passes the pawl from the first
ratchet-wheel, a, to another of the series and permits an escapement of one tooth
each for as many ratchet-wheels as the pawl has passed before it was stopped for
engagement by the projected rod.
The release of the key 26 permits the lever 24 to rise and carry the type-die
back to its initial position, and also permits the levers and bails to return to normal
position and in returning to cause the pawl to be retracted to the first ratchet-
wheel a of the series. And thus the matrix-carriage is permitted, after the die has
been impressed, a movement equal to the space of as many teeth as the pawl allowed
the ratchet-wheels to escape; the movement of the carriage taking up the previous
escapement of the ratchet-wheels.
In the same way other impressions and other carriage movements are made until
the matrix is fed to the end of a line, whereupon the operator, by pressing on the
end of the hand-wheel 48, returns the carriage to the beginning of a line and winds
the motor spring, which had become unwound by the forward movement of the
carriage toward the left. Then by pushing on the key 43 he rotates the feed
wheels 37 to feed the matrix forward for the next line. In the same way any
number of lines may be printed. If the operator wishes to examine the printing he
releases the catches which lock the platen and frees it so that it can be raised to
show the matrix.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1.-A series of type-die carriers, a rotary impression. device having axial move-
ment and capable of making such movement when the rotation of one of its members
is stopped, a series of stopping devices for controlling the rotation of said member,
and a rebounding striker co-operating with said stopping devices and the die-
carriers.
2. A series of independently movable die-carriers, a rotary impression device
having two members one of which is capable of making a single thrust when its
rotation is stopped, stopping devices therefor and means provided on the member
engaged for returning the stops to original position, and a device actuated by the
die-carriers, to cause the stops to move to position to engage the impression device,
substantially as set forth.
3. An impression device arranged to make a single thrust when released, and a

page_text: device for controlling its release; in combination with independent type-carriers
each of which is arranged to engage said releasing device in moving its die to
printing position and thereby cause a thrust of the impression device.
4. A continuously rotating and intermittingly reciprocating impression device,
stops for controlling its reciprocations, catches for restraining the stops, a releasing
device for the latter, and a series of independently movable die-carriers for operating
the releasing device.
5. A series of die-carriers adapted to be separately moved to proximity to a
common printing point, an impression device opposite the printing point, and
releasing devices therefor arranged to be engaged by the moving die-carriers to
cause the operation of the impression device.
6.-A series of die-carriers adapted to be separately moved to a common point, a
rotating and intermittingly reciprocating impression device opposite such point, and
releasing devices therefor to permit plunger thrusts, such devices being arranged in
the path of the carriers, whereby the movements of the latter cause the release of
the impression device.
7. A series of die-carriers independently movable to a common point, an
impression device opposite such point, releasing devices for permitting its operation,
and means whereby the carriage in moving to such common point will operate said
releasing devices to cause the impression device to thrust.
8. In a matrix-machine, an impression device having a continuously rotating
member and a co-acting member adapted to be intermittingly reciprocated, con-
trolling devices for engaging the latter member to cause it to be reciprocated, and
a series of independent die-carriers arranged to present dies to the impression device
and to cause its operation by engaging said controlling devices in moving the dies to
position.
9.-A rotating impression device having two members one of which reciprocates
when its rotation is stopped, stopping devices therefor, a spring supported device
capable of oscillation for controlling said stopping devices, and a series of indepen-
dently movable die-carriers arranged to move said oscillating device in presenting
dies at the printing point.
10.-The combination, with an impression device having a constantly rotating
and a rotating and intermittingly reciprocating member, of stops for engaging the
latter member to cause it to reciprocate, a movable device encircling the stops for
operating them, and a series of dic-carriers arranged to actuate such movable
device in presenting dies to the impression device.
11. A rotary impression device having one member adapted to reciprocate when
its rotation is intercepted, sliding stops for its interception, spring catches therefor,
a ring encircling the stops, and die carriers arranged to move the ring to disengage
said catches while presenting their dies at the printing point.
12. A rotary impression device having one member adapted to reciprocate when
its rotation is stopped, stopping devices therefor arranged to slide in the direction
of the member's reciprocations, cam-surfaces with shoulders on such member for
engaging the stops, catches for holding the stops away from the member, a device
for releasing the catches, and die-carriers arranged to operate the catch-releasing
device while moving their dies to the printing point.
13. An independently operating impression device adapted to make a single
thrust upon being released, a series of die-carriers surrounding it and a common
printing point, means for moving them separately to such point, and devices engaged
thereby and acting upon the impression device to release it, to cause a single
plunger thrust for each die presented.
14. A continuously rotating and intermittingly reciprocating impression device;
a series of type-die carriers arranged about said impression device; and controlling
devices provided between the impression device and carriers, whereby the latter in
being moved toward a common center will engage such controlling devices to cause
the impression device to reciprocate.
15. A rotary impression device capable of axial movement of uniform extent

page_text: when one of its numbers is stopped, stopping devices therefor movable parallel to
the axis of the impression device, means for moving them to engagement, a cam-
surface on the impression device for returning them, catches for holding them when
returned, a rebounding device for releasing the catches, and die-carriers arranged
to actuate such rebounding device while moving their dies to the printing point,
substantially as set forth.
16. In combination, separately movable carriers, die-sockets thereon, sliding
type-dies in the sockets, an unyielding device providing a flaring aperture at the
printing point adapted to center said sockets and terminating in an aperture having
wallsjadapted to guide the die, an impression device operating opposite the aperture,
and means for moving the carriers to enter the sockets in the flare of said
aperture.
17. A guiding device for type-dies at the printing point, an impression device
opposite such guiding device adapted to be set in operation by the movement of
the type-carriers toward it from any direction, a series of independently movable
carriers and type-dies surrounding the impression device, and a corresponding series
of hand-keys for moving the carriers toward the impression device and the type-dies
to the printing point.
18. A type-carrier connected to moving pivots and means for throwing it to
present its type opposite a printing point, in combination with a guiding device at
such point, and an independent impression device for thrusting the die when so
presented.
19. The combination with an impression device and a guiding device at the
printing point, of a type-lever connected to movable pivots, and means for moving
the pivots and lever to present the die at the printing point.
20. A series of independently movable carriers carrying type-dies adapted to
slide therein, a reciprocating impression device, a guiding device for the dies at the
printing point, and means for moving the carriers to presont the dies in succession
between the impressing and guiding devices.
21. In a matrix-machine, a series of type-dies arranged to slide in their carriers,
independent carriers therefor, operating keys and connections for successively
presenting the dies at a common point and holding their carriers in fixed position,
a variable feed mechanism controlled by the operating keys, and an independent
automatic impression device operating at the point of presentation of the dies.
22. An unyielding support providing a fixed guiding aperture at the printing
point, an impression device operating opposite such point, a series of independent
carriers having type-dies adapted to engage and be guided by the walls of snid
aperture, and hand-keys and connections for actuating said carriers.
23. In a matrix-machine, a series of die-carriers pivoted to swing separately to
a common center, type-dies carried thereby and. arranged to slide axially in their
carriers, means at the printing point for guiding them, a reciprocating impression
device for thrusting then when presented, a matrix carriage, a variable feed
mechanism therefor, a bank of keys and operative connections between the key:
and die-carriers and feed mechanism, substantially as set forth.
24. An unyielding guiding device at the printing point, and a series of inde
pendently movable carriers adapted to present the dies in proximity to such device
in combination with an independent device adapted to thrust the dies through the
guiding device.
25. A series of spring-supported type-dies loosely held in a series of independently
movable carriers, a corresponding series of hand-keys and connections for presenting
the dies at the printing point, an unyielding device at the printing point adapted t
center and guide the dies and prevent them from turning, and an impression devic
adapted to thrust the dies into and through the guiding device and to center an
guide the reverse ends of the dies while making such thrust.
26. An independent type-carrying socket, a spring supported type-die loosel
held therein and adapted to slide in and be loosely guided by said socket, a
impression device adapted to center and guide the stem of the die while thrustin

page_text: it to cause it to slide in said socket, and a rigidly supported device adapted to
receive and accurately guide the head of the die while being thrust therein by the
impression device.
27.-An unyielding device adapted to accurately guide the head of a type-die at
the printing point, a series of carriers adapted to successively present and loosely
hold dies at such point, and an impression device adapted to thrust the presented
dies through the guiding device and to guide the engaged end while making the
thrust.
28. A series of levers and pivotal supports therefor, spring-supported type-dies
held by and adapted to slide in the levers, an unyielding guiding device for the
dies at the printing point, means for operating the levers to present selected dies in
succession in front of the guiding device, and an independently operating impression
device adapted to engage the dies so presented and thrust them to uniform depth
through said guiding device.
29. In a matrix-machine, an unyielding device adapted to center the head of a
type-die, a separate moving device adapted to engage and center the stem of the
die and to thrust it, and separately movable die-carriers for successively interposing
the dies between said two guiding devices.
30. The combination with an unyielding device at the printing point for centering
a die-head, and a reciprocating impression device adapted to center the die-stem
while thrusting it, of a type-die arranged to slide in its carrier, and a carrier therefor
adapted to present the die between the guiding device and impression device and
to permit it to be centered and impressed.
31. A series of independently movable type-carriers, and a restrained impressing-
device arranged to be set free for operation by the force of any of the carriers in
moving their type to the printing point.
32. A series of die-carriers and type-dies arranged to slide therein, means for
moving them separately to present their dies in line with the printing point and
moving them axially toward such point; in combination with an unyielding device
for centering the dies at the printing point, and an impression device adapted to
serve also as a centering device for the die stem.
33. Die-carriers on movable pivots, type-dies held thereby, a series of hand-
keys for moving the dies independently to a common point, a guiding device for the
dies at such point, and an impression device adapted to thrust the dies through the
guiding device and to guide the die stem while making such thrust.
34. A series of type-dies and carriers therefor having compound movements on-
'moving pivots, the first movements being lateral to bring the dies opposite the
printing point, and the second in line with such point to bring the dies in printing
position without impressing them; in combination with an unyielding guiding
device at the printing point, and an automatic impression device for thrusting the
presented dies.
35. A fixed guiding device at the printing point, a carrier having a die-socket.
and a sliding die therein and adapted to thrust the socket into the guiding device,
and an impression device adapted to drive the die through its socket and guide its
outer end while driving it.
36. A fixed device providing a guiding aperture at the printing point, a movable
type-socket adapted to be thrown into and fit said aperture, and a sliding type-die
carried in said socket and adapted to be thrust through and guided by said
aperture.
37.-A type-die, a socket in which the die may slide, a carrier therefor, and a
guiding device at the printing point adapted to restrain the socket while permitting
the die to enter.
38. A type-die body having its sides partly flat and partly curved, and a
cylindrical socket therefor having a slot adapted to receive and guide such body;
in combination with a guiding device providing an aperture corresponding to the
shape of the die-body and having a flaring mouth shaped to center and detain the
socket.

page_text: 39. A rigid plate providing a guiding aperture, a type-socket adapted to be
thrust into the mouth of said aperture, a sliding type-die loosely carried in the
socket and having sides fitting accurately the sides of the guiding aperture, an
impression device adapted to thrust the die to cause it to slide into and through
the guiding aperture, and to center and guide the outer end of the dic-stem while 5
thrusting it.
40. In a matrix machine, the combination with an impression device and a
guiding device at the printing point, of a type-lever pivoted to the adjacent free
ends of opposite links arranged to move the type laterally to and axially into the
guiding device.
41. In a matrix machine, a die-centering device at the printing point, an
impression device opposite thereto, a series of die-carrying levers pivoted to
operating and guiding devices adapted to move the dies first laterally toward the
printing point and next axially into the centering device without thrusting them
through the same.
42. The combination with an intermittingly reciprocating impression device, of
a series of independently movable type-carriers, whose movements are first radially
inward and next axially to the printing point, and devices for controlling the
reciprocation of the impression device arranged to be actuated by the die-carriers
while making their radial movements to cause a thrust immediately upon completion
of such movement.
43. In a matrix machine, a circular case, an interior central support for an
impression device and a reciprocating impression device guided therein, a die-
guiding device at the printing point, and a series of type-die carriers pivoted at
different points to the adjacent ends of opposite links the fulcrums of which are
mounted respectively on the case and said central support, the links being arranged
to move the dies to the center and enter them in the guiding device without
impressing them.
44.-A series of type-dies each of which is adapted to carry a supporting spring
between the dic-head and the end of the dic-stem and to slide in its respective
carrier when thrust upon, a device providing a guiding aperture for the dies at the
printing point, a series of hand-keys and connections for moving the dies
independently to contact with the guiding device, and an impression device adapted
to thrust the dies through the guiding device and to guide the end of the die-stem
while making such thrust.
45. A guiding device at the printing point, an impression device opposite thereto
and consisting of a continuously rotating member and a co-operating member adapted
to reciprocate when its rotation is stopped, a plunger carried by the latter member
and adapted to center the stem of a type-die, a series of independent carriers carrying
sliding type-dies, and devices arranged to be engaged by the carriers as they move
toward the printing point for stopping such reciprocating member to cause it to
make a single plunger thrust immediately upon the arrival of the die at the printing
position.
46. The combination with circularly arranged die-carriers having movements
radially toward and axially into printing position, of an impression device opposite
the printing point adapted to thrust upon being released and having a releasing
device in the path of movement of the die-carriers, for the purpose set forth.
47. The combination with an automatic impression device and separately
movable die-carriers, of a rebounding device arranged to be actuated by each of the
die-carriers for controlling the impression device.
48.-A series of independently movable die-carriers a rotating and intermittingly
reciprocating impression device, devices for engaging it to control its reciprocation
such controlling devices being placed in the paths of the die-carriers, whereby the
latter in presenting their dies to the printing point cause the release of the impression
device to permit it to begin its thrusting movement while the dies are moving to
printing position.
49. In a matrix machine, a cap-plate providing a guiding aperture at the printing

page_text: point, an impression device beneath the aperture, and separately movable type-
carriers pivoted and guided to move substantially parallel to said plate to the
center and to move their type upward into the aperture without impressing them.
50. A casing having a series of independently movable type-dies and furnishing
a support for an impression device at the center, an impression device held thereby,
a device mounted on such support for controlling the impression device, and means
for adjusting the height of the impression device.
51. A casing adapted to support a series of type-dies, a central frame adapted to
serve as a socket and support for an impression device, an impression device therein,
a device for controlling it, and a cap surmounting said frame and supporting the
latter device.
52. In a matrix machine, a casing adapted to support in its interior a series of
separately movable type-levers and an automatic impression device, and having a
series of slotted openings in its lower head and a single guiding aperture in its upper
head at the printing point.
53.-A plate providing a guiding aperture for type-dies at the printing point, a
hinged printing platen adapted to be securely locked in position slightly. removed
from said plate, and a matrix carriage arranged to reciprocate in the space between
said plate and platen.
54. A hinged printing platen, a casing supporting it and serving also to
support a series of independent type-levers and an impression device, and means for
locking the platen rigidly in the casing.
55. A hinged printing platen, means for locking it in fixed position, and a
movable carriage held to and guided by the platen.
56. A hinged platen, a matrix-carriage movable thereon and carrying a matrix-
body, type-dies, and means for successively presenting and impressing them to a
uniform depth in the matrix body, and means for accurately guiding the dies while
they are being impressed.
57.-A hinged printing platen presenting an extended face, a matrix carriage
adapted to move across the face of the printing platen, a variable feed device and a
detachable connection between the feed device and the matrix carriage.
58. In combination, a hinged platen, a matrix carriage sliding thereon and
connected thereto, a rack and a connection between the carriage and rack adapted to
be freed by turning the platen on its hinge.
59. In a matrix machine, a key board having a series of upper case characters
arranged in an inner group, a series of lower case characters arranged in an outer
group, and a series of spacing keys in a rank between such groups, serving to divide
them from each other and adapted to throw each a different degree of space between
words.
60.-In a matrix-making machine having the faces of its type multiples of a
selected space-unit, a feed mechanism for producing feed movements proportioned
to the requirements of such type, and comprising a series of ratchet-wheels one of
which is attached to an axis and the others loose on the same axis, and having
suitable slots and pins for connecting them to permit partial independent rotations,
a motor for turning the axis, a motor-spring of less force tending to turn the wheels
in the same direction and to hold them in frictional contact, and ineans for stopping
any wheel of the series to permit partial rotation of other wheels between it and
said motor-spring, whereby variable feed movements are caused to follow the release
of the engaged wheels.
61.-A rack and gear under tension for a forward movement, a series of ratchet-
wheels on the same axis as the gear and under independent tension for forward move-
ment with respect thereto, and means for engaging selected wheels to determine the
extent of feed movement and for releasing them to cause the feed to follow such release.
62. A variable feed escapement, comprising a rack and gear under tension, a
series of ratchet-wheels having coinciding teeth, one of said wheels being fast to the
axis of the gear and the others loose thereon, a spring having a tension to move the
с

page_text: loose wheels toward the fast one and to turn them in the same direction as the gear
tension, and a movable detent for successively engaging different wheels of the
series, substantially as set forth.
63. In a variable feed mechanism, a rack and gear under tension, a fixed shaft
and a sleeve thereon to which the gear is fast, a series of ratchet-wheels carried by
the sleeve and connected to the gear and to one another by devices permitting each
wheel partial rotation independent of the others, a motor spring on the sleeve
tending to hold the wheels in frictional contact and to rotate them in the same
direction as the rack tension, a pawl engaging the wheels, and means for shifting it
from one wheel to another to vary the feed, substantially as set forth.
64. An escapement mechanism, comprising a rack under tension, a gear meshing
therewith, a series of ratchet-wheels loosely held on the shaft of the gear and having
slots and pins permitting partial rotation of each wheel relative to the next, a spring
on the same shaft tending to hold the wheels in contact and to rotate them in the
same direction as the rack tension, a dog for holding the wheels, and means for 1
shifting it from one wheel to another.
65. In a variable feed mechanism, a rack under tension, a gear in mesh there-
with, a series of ratchet-wheels loosely held on the axis of the gear, one of them
being fast to the axis, and means for permitting partial rotation of each of the
wheels independently of the others, a motor-spring tending to hold the wheels of
the series in frictional contact and to turn them in the same direction as the
rack tension, and a shifting detent for engaging the wheels, substantially as
set forth.
66. A variable feed mechanism, comprising a series of ratchet-wheels on a
common axis, each wheel being capable of limited rotation independent of the
others, a spring holding them in frictional contact and tending to rotate them, a
gear connected to the last wheel of the series and a rack engaged thereby.
67. A variable feed mechanism comprising a series of toothed wheels and a
gear on a common axis, a motor tending to turn the wheels and gear in the same
direction, connections between the wheels permitting them to rotate with respect
to one another limited distances only, a movable pawl and means for shifting it to
engagement with any of the series of wheels to vary the feed movements.
68. In combination, a rack, a motor-spring and gear for giving motion to the
rack, a second gear and holding device for resisting such motion, means for releasing
the holding devices to permit variable movements of the rack, a matrix carriage
and a separable connection between the rack and the carriage.
69. The combination with a die-impressing device, type-dies and means for
presenting them at the printing point, and a variable feed escapement, of character
selecting devices controlling the presentation of the dies and the operation of the
impression device, a series of ratchet-wheels and a gear turning on a common axis,
a pawl and means, also controlled by the character selecting devices, for setting
the ratchet-wheels and restraining the gear while the impressing device is operating
and for releasing the gear to permit proper variable feed movement to take place
after the impressions.
70. A variable feed mechanism comprising a series of ratchet-wheels one of
which is attached to an axis and the others loose on the same axis, and having
suitable slots and pins for connecting them to permit partial independent rotations,
a motor for turning the axis, a motor-spring of less force tending to turn the wheels
in the same direction and to hold them in frictional contact, and means for stopping
any wheel of the series to permit partial rotation of other wheels between it and
said motor spring, whereby variable feed movements are caused to follow the
release of the engaged wheel.
71. In combination, a platen, a matrix carriage sliding thereon, and a rack
connected to the carrier by a sliding joint, substantially as set forth.
72.-The combination, with the spacing-key levers, of a pivoted lever provided
with pins, a series of links thereon having connections to said key-levers, and a

page_text: registering device having connections with said pivoted lever for operating the
register, substantially as set forth.
.
73. The combination with key-levers and spacing levers, of clips attached to
the former and having forks for engaging the latter levers to move them.
74.-The combination with a type-die movable axially for making impressions,
of a matrix-material supported with its surface inclined to the axis of the die.
75. A type-die body and a holding socket therefor the two forming a uniform
cylinder having a tapering end, in combination with a device providing a guiding
aperture having a flaring opening corresponding with the taper of said type-die and
its socket.
76. A cylindrical type-die body having two opposite sides flattened, in com-
bination with a cylindrical socket of the same diameter as the type-die body and
having a transverse slot adapted to receive and guide said type-die body.
77. A type-die in form of a cylinder with flattened sides, in combination with
a plate providing an aperture shaped to correspond with said type-die body and
adapted to guide and center the dic.
78. A type-die having its face partially surrounded by a shoulder and a smaller
shoulder intermediate the first shoulder and the face, which surrounds a smaller
portion of the character, substantially as set forth.
79. A type-die having its face partially surrounded by a shoulder, said shoulder
consisting of two or more steps except on that portion which comes next to a pre-
ceding character, substantially as set forth.
80. A type-die having a small shoulder close to the face of the portions of the
character needing most protection, and a larger shoulder embracing the former and
farther removed from the face and extending around those portions of the face
requiring least protection, substantially as set forth.
81. A type-die having a shoulder close to the face of the character and around
that portion which it is more desirable to protect, a bevel extending from the face
to this shoulder around those portions which it is most desirable to protect, and
a larger shoulder embracing the smaller shoulder and further removed from
the face.
82. A type-die having a bevel extending from the forward and lower edges of
the face to the shoulder near the face, said shoulder passing by straight or slightly
beveled sides to a second shoulder and said second shoulder passing by straight or
slightly beveled sides to the body of the type, substantially as set forth.
83. A type-die provided with shoulders for the protection of the face-impres-
sions having the corners of the shoulders rounded, substantially as set forth.
84. A type-die having both ends tapering, one of said ends being flattened on
two opposite sides for the purpose set forth.
85. A type-die having a penetrating portion the axis and type-face of which
are inclined to the axis of the die body.
86. A type-die having the axis and type-face of its penetrating portion inclined
to its direction of movement.
87. A type-die having its character-face and adjacent penetrating portions in
form of a truncated pyramid held upon a stem at an inclination to the axis
thereof.
88.A type-die having its character-face at an inclination to the axis of its
stem and the walls of its penetrating portion at a uniform inclination to the
character-face.
89. A type-die having a penetrating portion uniformly inclined to the character-
face and held at an inclination to the direction of the die movement.
90. A type-die having the portions intermediate the stems of the character-face
recesses in concave form, substantially as set forth.
91. In a matrix machine, a type-die adapted to be moved in line with its axis,
in combination with a matrix carriage and a matrix body held and guided therein
at an inclination to the axis of the type-die,

page_text: -
92. In a matrix machine, a type-die having its face at right angles to the axis
of its body, in combination with a matrix body supported at an inclination to the
axis of the dic, for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 16th day of February 1892.