Improvements in Apparatus for Preparing Metal Plates and Sheets for Annealing and for Coating with Tin or other Metal.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 21st Sept., 1891-Accepted, 24th Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Preparing Metal Plates and Sheets
for Annealing and for Coating with Tin or other Metal.
I ADOLF GUTENSOHN of the Globe Works Old Ford in the County of Middlesex
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide an apparatus for preparing metal plates
and sheets for annealing and for coating with tin or other metal in and by which a
number of plates may be treated at the same time whereby the output will be
increased while the necessary manual labour will be diminished.
To carry out this object I make a pot somewhat similar to an ordinary grease
pot but preferably rather broader than is usual and a pair of rolls are so mounted
on the top thereof that the distance horizontally between the same can be altered.
A cradle is fitted in this pot in such manner that it can travel therein being in one
position under the rolls and in another position quite clear thereof and this cradle
is so constructed that the sides thereof are adjustable and can be retained the
desired distance apart to hold the desired number of plates which all rest in this
cradle on a false bottom capable of being lifted up when the cradle has been moved
under the rolls until the plates are caught thereby and thus the desired number of
plates are passed through these rolls simultaneously and are properly squeezed
and dried in such passage as is desired.
This pot is suitable for use before the plates are annealed and before the same
are coated with tin or other metal and may contain water or grease or other usual
or other material as may be proper or convenient for the process the plates are to
undergo.
Duted this 50-1 1
1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Preparing Metal Plates and Sheets
for Annealing and for Coating with Tin or other Metal.
1, ADOLF GUTENSOHN of the Globe Works Old Ford in the County of Middlesex,
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement. :-
The object of my invention is to provide an apparatus for preparing metal plates
and sheets for annealing and for coating with tin or other metal, in and by which a
number of plates may be treated at the same time whereby the output will be
increased while the necessary manual labour will be diminished.
To carry out this object I make a pot somewhat similar to an ordinary greasepot
but preferably rather broader than is usual and a pair of rolls are so mounted on the
top thereof that the distance horizontally between the same can be altered. A
cradle is fitted in this pot in such manner that it can travel therein, being in one
position under the rolls, and in another position quite clear thereof, and this cradle
is so constructed that the sides thereof are adjustable, and can be retained the
desired distance apart to hold the desired number of plates, which all rest in this
cradle on a false bottoni, capable of being lifted up when the cradle has been moved
under the rolls, untill the plates are caught thereby, and the top edges advanced
a few inches beyond the rolls, and thus the desired number of plates are passed
D

page_text: through these rolls simultaneously, and are properly squeezed and dried in such
passage, as is desired.
This pot is suitable for use, before the plates are annealed, and before the same
are coated with tin or other metal, and may contain water or grease or other usual
or other material as may be proper or convenient for the process the plates are to
undergo.
And in order that my invention may be the better understood, I now proceed to
describe the same in relation to the drawings hereto annexed.
Fig. 1 is a transverse section, shewing my apparatus, with end of pot or tank
removed.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same with front of pot or tank removed.
A is the pot or tank of any suitable material for holding water, grease, acid, .or
other suitable liquid in which it is desirable to dip the plates before annealing or
coating with tin or other material.
Within this pot or tank are fitted two rollers B, B, free to turn in bearings b, b, by
hand cranks, or fast or loose band pulleys. The bearings b., b. or one pair of them, are
adjustable in the slotted guides C, so that the rollers may be pressed together to
any desired extent by the hand screws a, so as to seize and pnt any desired pressure
on any desired number of plates.
The slotted guides C are hinged at one end on the side of the pot or tank so that
they may be lifted out of the pot or tank when desired.
In the lower part of the pot or tank is a cradle D, suspended by a pair of hand
levers E, on a transverse bar e, connecting two carriages F, rolling on transversc
rails ff.
Around this cradle D which has no front side, is a holding frame G, which,
suspended behind the cradle on the said transverse bar e, has a jointed open barred
front coming in front of the plates resting in the cradle; this is attached to a
pulling handle or handles g, by which the said plates can be kept in place and
pressed together on the open fronted cradle.
When the plates have been dipped and saturated in the solution in the pot or tank,
the whole cradle and holding frame together can be brought on its sliding carriages,
so' 'that the plates are exactly under the opening of the delivery and squeezing
rolls, and the plates can be lifted, by drawing back the hand levers E, so that the
plates enter into the space between the said rolls B, B, and be raised until the top
edges of the plates are raised a few inches beyond the rolls. The plates are thus
simultaneously passed through the rolls and are properly squeezed and dried in such
passage as desired.
When the dipping or coating solution is to be kept warm, I may heat the same
by steam pipes K. K..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :- ·
An apparatus for preparing, metal plates for annealing and for coating with tin
or other metal, consisting of a pot or tank containing a cradle for carrying a number
of sheets of metal in a vertical position and adjustable in a horizontal and vertical
direction by roller carriages and hand levers respectively so as to bring any sheet
or desired number of sheets between two horizontal squeezing and delivering rolls
fixed free to revolve an adjustable in the said pot substantially as described and
illustrated herewith.

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 21st Sept., 1891-Accepted, 24th Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process for Annealing Metal Plates and Sheets.
I ADOLF GUTENSOHN of the Globe Works Old Ford in the County of
Middlesex Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is to anneal metal plates and sheets in such wise that
the annealing shall be completed in less time than at present and that the "black
pickling" shall be dispensed with.
To carry out this object say with iron plates I take these plates when they have
been rolled and cut or otherwise so treated as to be ready for the annealing and
coat these plates with an hydrocarbon so that when these plates are heated to a red
heat in the process of annealing the hydrocarbon shall attract and absorb the oxygen
in the scale on these plates and reconvert the same into iron.
When the scale is very hard I can mix with the hydrocarbon the sulphate of an
alkali preferably soda.
It may be necessary to prepare the hydrocarbon for this use in which case to
melted resin which hydrocarbon I prefer to use I add as much of a solution of
carbonate of ammonia as possible and to this mixture 1 add an equal quantity or
thereabouts of a thick flour paste. To this mass a small proportion say 10 per cent.
of coal tar and say 2 per cent. of carbon may be added.
To this compound the sulphate of soda is added when desired preferably in a dry
powdered condition.
Into this hydrocarbon I can dip the plates and then let them drain or I can pass
them through rolls similar to those in an ordinary grease pot or otherwise I can apply
the same thereto.
The plates can then be annealed in the usual manner afterwards being found as a
general rule quite ready for the polishing rolls and for their further desired
treatment.
L AT
1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process for Annealing Metal Plates and Sheets.
I, ADOLF GUTENSOHN, of the Globe Works, Old Ford, in the County of
Middlesex, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The process that is at the present time most commonly and generally used and
followed, in and for the annealing and treating of metal plates and sheets, for the
purpose of preparing the same for coating with tin or other metal, is as follows.
The plates and sheets first undergo what is called "black pickling" in a strong and
hot solution of acid to free the surfaces thereof from scale and rust, they are then
swilled or washed, and are piled up, while wet, in a receptacle, and annealed, and
are afterwards cold rolled, and then generally annealed again, and finally undergo
what is called "white pickling" in acid, when they are ready for the tinning or
other coating.
Now, the object, of this my invention is to anneal these plates and sheets in such
wise,. and so to treat, the same, in preparation for, and during such process, that the
said annealing shall be completed in a shorter time than is at present usually

page_text: required therefor, and that the "black pickling" shall be dispensed with, whereby
not only is more time saved, but the following great and valuable economies and
advantages are effected, that is to say no acid is required for such "black pickling,"
no loss of metal is sustained from and by the effects of such acid,--and no nuisances
are created, firstly by the very obnoxious fumes of the acid, and secondly by the
running to waste of the same.
To carry out this object with iron plates and sheets, for the which metal this
invention has chiefly been designed, and to the which metal this process is chiefly
applicable, 1 take these plates, when they have been duly rolled and cut, or other-
wise so treated, as to be ready for the annealing, and I coat the surfaces thereof
with an hydrocarbon so that when the plates are heated to a red heat in the process
of annealing, the hydrocarbon shall attract and absorb the oxygen in the scale and
rust on these plates, or, that is to say, in the oxide of iron, that forms this scale and
rust, whereby the same is reconverted into iron, and reduced into the plates as is
desired, and thus and in this manner the "black pickling" aforesaid is obviously
not needed, and can be dispensed with, and all its concomitant and consequential
evils and wastefulness are obviated and removed.
When the scale ou the plates that are to be treated is very hard, I very
conveniently can, and I generally do, mix with the hydrocarbon, the sulphate of any
alkali, preferably soda, which being decomposed in the process of annealing, and by
the heat thereof, forms a sulphide of iron, thereby loosening the hard scale and
allowing the hydrocarbon to act thereon, as is hereinbefore described.
Any hydrocarbon will serve and can be used for this aforesaid purpose, and
especially when a single plate is to be annealed by itself, but it is obvious that
when, as is usual, a number of plates are piled up the one on the other in the
annealing receptacle, such an hydrocarbon must be or ought to be used, and in such
a condition, or having been so treated, that it will properly adhere to the surfaces
of the plates, and will not be squeezed off the same, or pressed out between the
edges of the plates by their superincumbent weight.
Therefore, and for the reason aforesaid, as a general rule I use the hydrocarbon
in the form of a compound prepared as follows.
1 melt resin, which hydrocarbon I prefer to use, and during this melting I add
thereto, little by little, or in small quantities at a time, a solution of carbonate of
ammonia, made as strong as possible and by & through continual stirring up I cause
this resin to absorb & take up as much as is possible of this solution. To the
melted resin, so treated, I then add an equal bulk or quantity, or thereabouts, of a
thick flour-paste, which can amalgamate therewith by reason of the previous
admixture of the solution of carbonate of ammonia, and the whole mass is well
stirred up and thoroughly and completely mixed together, under the influence of a
gentle heat, and this flour paste prevents the hydrocarbon from being burnt up at
once, when subjected to the heat of the annealing furnace, and instead thereof
causes the same first to be decomposed as is desired. A small proportion, say
from 5 to 15% of coal-tar can then be added to this mass to create in the same the
desired homogeneousness and uniform viscosity, and a very small proportion say
from 1 to 3% of finely powdered carbon, whether animal or vegetable, can also
very conveniently be added to enrich this hydrocarbon compound, which is then
ready for use.
As is hereinbefore stated, when the scale on the plates is very hard, I can mix
with this hydrocarbon compound the sulphate of an alkali, preferably soda, and I so
mix the same herewith in about as great a quantity as can conveniently and properly
be contained or absorbed therein, without decomposing the mass, and I preferably
use the same in a dry powdered condition, in which state this sulphate will duly mix
with the compound and therein will perform its desired function, as is hereinbefore
described, but no chemical amalgamation will be effected; or when I may desire so
to do, I can mix a strong solution by the sulphate of the alkali with the flour-paste
before the same is added to the melted resin, and then proceed in manner as herein
before described.

page_text: When this hydrocarbon compound is so made and created as aforesaid, I can
either dip the plates thereinto, and then let them drain, or partially dry, so that
there is not too much or too thick a coating of this compound thereon, or as is
perhaps preferable, can put this compound in a pot, somewhat it may be similar to
the grease pot as used in tinplate works, and having dropped the plates thereinto,
raise them out of the same through the usual rolls on the top of the pot, for when
treated in this manner the compound adheres to the plates in accordance with the
scale and rust thereon; that is to say where this scale and rust is thick and
plentiful, there a thicker coating of the compound adheres, and vice versa; and this
is desirable and the plates can be so dropped into the pot singly, but they may be
raised out of the same either singly or in the desired numbers.
When the plates are thus coated, they can be piled up in the usual annealing pots
or receptacles, and are therein annealed in the ordinary manner.
When the plates have been duly and properly annealed, and are taken out of the
annealing receptacles, as a general rule it will be found that the carbon has been
entirely burnt off, and that the scale, and rust has been reconverted into iron, and
reduced into the plates so that these plates are ready for the polishing rolls without
further treatment, but occasionally there may be some carbon left on the plates,
especially when through careless treatment or from other cause, the coating of
hydrocarbon was too thick; and in all such cases the plates can easily be cleaned
by passing them through revolving brushes or other ordinary and similar or suitable
appliances, before they go to the polishing rolls, for the carbon is readily and easily
detachable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In the annealing of metal plates and sheets the application of an hydrocarbon
to reconvert and reduce the scale and rust on the plates and sheets substantially as
hereinbefore described.
2. In the annealing of metal plates and sheets the combination with an hydro-
carbon of the sulphate of an alkali to loosen the scale on the plates and sheets and
allow the hydrocarbon to act thereon, substantially as herein before described.
3. In the annealing of metal plates and sheets the combination with the hydro-
carbon of the solution of carbonate of ammonia and flour paste, substantially as and
for the purpose hereinbefore described.
4. In the annealing of metal plates and sheets the combination with the hydro-
carbon of a solution of carbonate of ammonia, flour paste, & coal tar and carbon,
substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter described.
Dated this 19th day of September 1891.
ADOLF GUTENSOHN.