Improvements in Dental Spittoons
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Feb., 1887-Accepted, 6th May, 1887
Improvements in Dental Spittoons,
I. WILLIAM DALL of No. 4 Newton Terrace, Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark, North Britain, Dental Surgeon do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It relates, principally, to new and improved methods and means for flushing
the Bowls, of Dental Fountain Spittoons.
It also embraces other features of novelty, affecting the method and means for
storing, removing, and replacing the Gold trap of such Spittoons; hiding from
view any offensive contents of the Spittoon; adjusting the Spittoon by swivel
braket arrangement to the dental chair, or other supporting frame or structure.
or at any required elevation and radius: it also includes improvements affecting
the embellishment of the concave surface of the Spittoon Bowl; the mode and
means by which the operator may control the flow of water to the Spittoon :
also novel methods relating to the form, operation, construction and attachment
of the Saliva Ejector, Ball joints and other members connected with such Spit-
toons and used in conjunction therewith.
The first of these improvements consists in a new method of flushing a dental
Fountain Spittoon Bowl. This is effected in an entirely different manner to
that, or those, hitherto adopted. This method of flushing may be effected by
various means although the mode is the same.
One purpose which I have in view is, to produce a noiseless effusion of water,
within and upon, the whole inner surface of the Spittoon Bowl simultaneously:
from its extreme upper margin to the outlet grate within its Base.
To effect this spontaneous flow of water all over the inner surface of the Bowl
(which in form resembles a circular Basin) I make the Bowl in two parts, an
inner and an outer casing, and unite them so as to leave a water chamber between
them, having only such inlet and outlet openings thereto as the purposes to be
served by the apparatus may require. The inlet service pipe to this water
chamber is, or may be, attached to the outer of the two casings at any convenient
part or in more than one part of the same vessel; whilst the outlet from the
chamber into the Spittoon Bowl is effected through finely perforated holes
around the upper edge of the inner casing, through which holes the water oozes
or flows silently in an unbroken or uninterrupted sheet all over the inner surface
of the Bowl.
A variation in the means. although not in the mode, of effecting this noiseless
suffusion of the Bowls' whole interior surface with water is by forming a hollow
perforated rim all round the upper edge of the Spittoon Bowl and connecting the
water service pipe to this hollow rim (or tube) at one point or more as may be
required: the perforations in the latter being made, and placed, suitably for
giving a noiseless and almost imperceptible supply of water, over all the inner
surface of the Bowl at one and the same time.
In addition to either of the foregoing means. or any other variation of this
mode of flushing, or suffusing the Spittoon Bowl, I employ a central (Fountain

page_text: "
service) water supply, from a domed, or Rose" jet, rising up from the lower
and inner part, (or hollow Base) of the Bowl. One peculiar advantage of this
domed or "Rose" jet being the secretion by it of any offensive substances
which might be discharged into the Spittoon.
"
My improved mode of flushing, the Spittoon Bowl consists further, in the
position in which I attach this Rose" jet or fountain service to the lower.
inside portion of the Bowl. When, a fountain supply has hitherto been employed
it has been obtained by fixing a straight service pipe, rising vertically from
the centre of the outlet grating in the bottom of the Bowl and from the apex of
this pipe a jet. or spray sheet, of water was discharged laterally against the
whole interior of the basin simultaneously. The grated, or other, outlet pro-
vided at the bottom of the said basin for the waste water, being meanwhile
visible to any one who used the Spittoon. Owing to the straight form and method
of placing the vertical fountain jet, just described, the waste water grating
could not readily be removed or access obtained to the waste water pipe from the
inside of the Bowl. In my Spittoon I have remedied this defect by making the
upright supply pipe for the before named "Rose" jet of such a bent (or other)
form that it can be united to the Bowl at a sufficient distance from the centre
of it to admit of this waste water grate being removed and access obtained, there-
by, to the waste water pipe leading from the base of the Spittoon. It will thus
be seen that I am enabled to make this waste water grate removeable, if required,
as a direct result of thus connecting the Rose jet-separate from, and beyond the
margin of, the said grate. In my Spittoon the said grate is, or may be, loose
and removeable.
Into the upper part of the waste water pipe which immediately underlies the
waste water grating I adjust my Gold Trap (or catcher) which is in the nature
of a small perforated metal Basket or porous receptacle, fitted suitably within
the said waste water pipe (for filtering purposes) and suspended there either by
hanging it to the under surface of the grated cover, to flanges inside the pipe
or by other suitable and convenient means; such methods and means of sus-
pension or attachment being of very secondary importance: the object being. to
afford the best facilities for removing both the grating and the Gold Trap, either
separately or jointly as found most convenient.
The Swivel adjustment of my dental Spittoon (whether Fountain, or other
kind) to a dental chair as before named is effected as follows: I attach to the
side of the said chair a sliding and otherwise adjustable bracket which supports
a horizontal ring, within which ring I suspend, upon pivots, the dental Spittoon,
so that it may swing and oscillate, but remains always horizontal, however the
chair may be moved or tilted to suit the purposes of the operator. This bracket
is, or may be, supplied with appliances in the nature of adjustable members for
either elevating the Spittoon or extending it in any direction to suit the con-
venience of the Patient.
This kind of Swivel adjustment, of a dental Spittoon (whether fountain or other
kind) which is effected by means of pivots operating within a ring frame as above
described may be attached to a separate stand, frame, or pedestal and not
necessarily to a dental chair although it may be, and is generally, associated
therewith.
I have also improved the construction of the metal (Telescopic tubular) Pillar,
which is sometimes used for supporting dental Spittoons thus: instead of making
the upper part, of such tubular pillar, to fit loosely within the lower part and
adjusting the two at any required elevation by means of a pinching pin or
thumb screw, as commonly done. I make the upper tube of my pillar to fit tightly
within the lower one by means of splitting the lower end of the upper tube and
causing it to bind. with a spring pressure, against the inside of the lower tube.
By this simple means I am enabled to adjust the Spittoon at any required
elevation with the aid of one hand only.
The Ball joints which have hitherto been used for such adjustable telescopic

page_text: Pillar supports, as those above described, have been enclosed and retained within
their open frames, cavities or sockets by securing their coupling parts with
one or more screws, operated by a screw driver or key, the open spaces in the
framework leaving exposed to view the accumulations of verdigris and substances
with which such Ball joints are lubricated.
To simplify the coupling and uncoupling as well as the adjustment and opera-
tion of these Ball joints, and to hide from view the grease or other lubricant
employed I have enclosed these Balls within chambers formed inside of union
or screw joints, which joints may be easily tightened or relaxed with one hand,
without the use of any kind of key or other tool.
The improvement which I have made in the Saliva Ejector associated with
my dental Spittoon consists principally of simplicity and economy in the con-
struction and operation thereof as well as in the more convenient position which
I have chosen for its union with the other dental appliances. This improve-
ment is effected in the following manner; into the upper part of the waste water
pipe leading from the base of the Spittoon I have inserted, from the outside, a
small pipe (which is, or may be, furnished, externally if required, with a tap.
or cock) and have projected it, internally, in a downward direction for a sufficient
space to insure a degree of suction within itself when the waste water is flowing
from the spittoon. A flexible tube, which is used to extract the saliva from the
mouth of the patient is attached to the tap or small pipe above named.
As an
alternative method of operating this Saliva Ejector, I attach (for the purpose of
obtaining a stronger suction) the small tube, or tap, before named, to the main
water service pipe beneath the Spittoon.
The method which has hitherto been adopted for constructing and operating
Saliva Ejectors to fountain Spittoons has been by an elaborately constructed.
special apparatus, containing an open water faucet which required to be operated
specially for the Ejector. It was placed in a most inconvenient and dangerous
position, upon, or overhanging, the upper margin of the Spittoon. Its position,
projecting upwards from, and over, the Spittoon Bowl was alike inconvenient
to the operator and the patient. My improvement is intended partly to remedy
this defect, by placing the Ejector, unobtrusively beneath the Bowl.
A further improvement which I have effected in connection with dental
Spittoons, consists in embellishing the interior of the Bowl and hiding the
excreta discharged therein.
As the result of a long practice in dental surgery I am of opinion that
inelegancies in the form and character of surgical agents or appliances. and
offensive sights connected therewith have a tendency to excite the repugnance
as well as the nerves of the patient and produce a detrimental effect upon those
for whose relief they are designed I have considered it of great importance to
screen from the patients view when using a dental Spittoon, all unsightly
appearances within or about such vessels, and in addition to thus hiding the
excreta within Bowl of the Spittoon (which I effect mainly as before named
by means of the Rose" jet, made in the form of a dome & of suitable dimen-
sions) 1 have embellished the inner bowl of the Spittoon with pictorial subjects
or beautiful coloured designs.
The materials of which I make the inner Bowl of my Spittoon may be either
metal, china, Glass or any other suitable kind, but is preferably metal of some
kind.
I have also constructed a lever appliance beside, or beneath, the dental chair
for controlling the water service for the Spittoon and Saliva Ejector and have
placed the said lever in such a position that the operator may easily move it
with his foot whilst his attention and assistance are entirely at the service of
the patient.
Dated this Seventh day of January 1887.
JOSEPH LOCKWOOD,
Agent for the Inventor.

page_text: I, WILLIAM DALL of No. 4 Newton Terrace, Sauchiehall Street Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark North Britain Dental Surgeon do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
It relates, principally to new & improved methods and means for flushing the
Bowls of Dental Fountain Spittoons.
It also, embraces other features of novelty affecting the method and means
for storing, removing and replacing the Gold trap of such Spittoons; hiding
from view any offensive contents of the Spittoon, adjusting the spittoon by
Swivel Bracket arrangement to the Dental Chair, or other supporting frame or
structure or at any required elevation and radius; it also includes improvements
affecting the embellishment of the concave surface of the Spittoon Bowl; the
mode and means by which the operator may control the flow of water to the
spittoon; also novel methods relating to the form, operation, construction and
attachment of the Saliva Ejector, Ball joints and other members connected with
such Spittoons and used in conjunction therewith.
The first of these improvements consists in a new method of flushing a dental
Fountain Spittoon Bowl. This is effected in an entirely different manner to
that, or those, hitherto adopted. This method of flushing may be effected by
various means, although the mode is the same.
One purpose which I have in view, is to produce a noiseless effusion of water,
within and upon, the whole inner surface of the Spittoon Bowl simultaneously,
from its extreme upper margin to the outlet grate within its Base.
To effect this spontaneous How of water all over the inner surface of the Bowl,
(which in form resembles a circular Basin) I make the Bowl in two parts, an
inner and an outer casing, and unite them so as to leave a water chamber between
them, having only such inlet and outlet openings thereto, as the purposes to be
served by the apparatus may require. The inlet service pipe to this water
chamber is, or may be, attached to the outer of the two casings, at any convenient
part, or in more than one part, of the same vessel; whilst the outlet from the
chamber into the Spittoon Bowl, is effected through one or more crevices, or
finely perforated holes around the upper edge of the inner casing, through which
crevices, or holes the water oozes or flows silently, in an unbroken or unin-
terrupted sheet, all over the inner surface of the Bowl.
A variation in the means, although not in the mode, of effecting this noiseless
suffusion of the Bowl's whole interior surface with water, is by forming a hollow
perforated rim, all round the upper edge of the Spittoon Bowl, and connecting
the water service pipe to this hollow rim, or tube, at one point, or more, as may
be required the crevices, or perforations, in the latter being made, and placed,
suitably for giving a noiseless, and almost imperceptible supply of water, over
all the inner surface of the Bowl, at one and the same time.
In addition to either of the foregoing means, or any other variation of this mode
of flushing, or suffusing, the Spittoon Bowl, I employ a central (Fountain service)
water supply, from a domed, or "Rose" jet, rising up from the lower, & inner
part, (or hollow base) of the bowl. One peculiar advantage of this domed, or
Rose" jet, being the secretion, by it, as a covering, of any offensive substances
which might be discharged into the Spittoon..
My improved mode of flushing the Spittoon Bowl consists further, in the

page_text: position in which I attach this "Rose" jet or fountain service, to the lower
inside portion of the Bowl. When a fountain supply has hitherto been employed,
it has been obtained by fixing a straight service pipe, rising vertically from the
centre of the outlet grating, in the bottom of the Bowl, and from the apex of
this pipe, a jet, or spray sheet, of water was discharged laterally, against the
whole interior of the basin simultaneously. The grated, or other, outlet pro-
vided at the bottom of the said basin, for the waste water, being meanwhile
visible to anyone who used the Spittoon. Owing to the straight form, and method
of placing the vertical fountain jet. just described, the waste water grating could
not readily be removed, or access obtained to the waste water pipe, from the
inside of the bowl. In my Spittoon I have remedied this defect by making the
upright supply pipe for the before named "Rose" jet, of such a bent, (or other)
form that it can be united to the Bowl at a sufficient distance from the centre of
it, to admit of this waste water grate being removed, and access obtained, thereby.
to the waste water pipe leading from the base of the Spittoon. It will thus be
seen that I am enabled to make this waste water grate removeable, if required,
as a direct result of thus connecting the "Rose" jet,-separate from, and beyond.
the margin of, the said grate. In my Spittoon the said grate is, or may be, loose
and removeable.
ויה.
Into the upper part of the waste water pipe which immediately underlies the
waste water grating, I adjust my Gold Trap. (or Catcher), which is in the nature
of a small wire gauze, or perforated metal, Basket, or porous receptacle, fitted.
suitably within the said waste water pipe, (for filtering purposes), and suspended
there, either by hanging it to the under surface of the grated cover, to flanges
inside the pipe, or by other suitable and convenient means: such methods, and
means of suspension, or attachment, being of very secondary importance; the
object being to afford the best facilities for removing, both the grating, and the
Gold Trap, either separately, or jointly, as found most convenient.
•
The swivel adjustment of my Dental Spittoon, (whether Fountain or other
kind), to a dental chair as before named,. is effected as follows: I attach to the.
side of the said chair a sliding and otherwise adustable, bracket, which supports.
a horizontal ring, within which ring, I suspend, upon pivots, the Dental Spittoon,
so that it may swing and oscillate, but remains always horizontal however the
chair may be moved or tilted to suit the purposes of the operator. This bracket
is, or may be, supplied with appliances in the nature of adjustable members, for
either elevating the Spittoon, or extending it in any direction to suit the con-
venience of the Patient.
This kind of Swivel adjustment, of a Dental Spittoon, (whether fountain or
other kind), which is effected by means of pivots, operating within a ring frame,
as above described, may be attached to a separate Stand, frame or Pedestal, and
not necessarily to a Dental chair, although it may be, and is generally, associated
therewith.
I have also, improved the construction of the metal, (Telescopic tubular)
Pillar, which is sometimes used for supporting Dental Fountain Spittoons, thus:
instead of making the upper part, of such tubular pillar, to fit loosely, within
the lower part, and adjusting the two at any required elevation, by means of a
pinching pin, thumb screw, or by means of soft internal packing, as commonly
done, I make the upper tube of my pillar to fit tightly within the lower one,
by means of Sp--tting the lower end of the upper tube, and the upper end of the
lower one, and causing them to bind, with a spring pressure, against each other.
By this simple means I am enabled to adjust the Spittoon at any required
elevation, with the aid of one. hand only, and without risk or liability of the
tightening medium losing its retentive power.
The Radial Ball joints, which have hitherto been used for such adjustable,
telescopic Pillar Supports, as those above described, have been enclosed, and
retained, within, their open frames, cavities or sockets, by screwing their coupling:

page_text: parts, with one or more screws, operated by a screw driver or key, the open spaces
in their framework, leaving exposed to view the accumulation of verdigris, and
substances with which such bail joints are lubricated.
To simplify the coupling, and uncoupling, as well as the adjustment and
operation of these radial Ball joints, and to hide from view the grease, or other
lubricant employed, I have enclosed these Balls within chambers formed inside
of union," or screw joints, which joints may be easily tightened, or relaxed,
with one hand, without the use of any kind of key or other tool.
The improvement which I have made in the Saliva Ejecter, associated with my
dental Fountain Spittoon consists, principally, of simplicity and economy, in the
construction, and operation thereof, as well as in the more convenient position.
which I have chosen for its union with the other dental appliances. This improve-
ment is effected in the following manner; into the upper part of the waste water
pipe, leading from the base of the Spittoon, I have inserted, from the outside, a
small pipe, (which is or may be, furnished externally if required, with a tap
or cock) and have projected it, internally, in a downward direction, for a sufficient
space to insure a degree of suction within itself, when the waste water is flowing
from the Spittoon. A flexible tube, which is used to extract the Saliva from the
mouth of the patient, is attached to the tap, or small pipe above named. As an
alternative method of operating this Saliva Ejecter, I attach. (for the purpose of
obtaining a stronger suction) the small tube or tap, before named, to the main
water service pipe beneath the Spittoon.
The method which has hitherto been adopted for constructing and operating
Saliva Ejecters to Dental fountain Spittoons, has been by an elaborately con-
structed, special apparatus containing an open water faucet, which required to
be operated specially for the Ejecter. It was placed in a most inconvenient and
dangerous position, upon, or overhanging, the upper margin of the Spittoon.
Its position, projecting upwards from, and over, the Spittoon Bowl was alike
inconvenient to the operator and the patient. My improvement is intended
partly to remedy this defect, by placing the ejecter, unobtrusively beneath the
Bowl.
A further improvement which I have effected in connection with dental
Fountain spittoons, consists in embellishing the interior of the bowl, and hiding
the excreta discharged therein.
As the result of a long practice in Dental Surgery, I am of opinion, that
inelegancies in the form and character of Surgical agents, or appliances, and
offensive sights connected therewith, have a tendency to excite the repugnance,
as well as the nerves, of the patient, and produce a detrimental effect upon those for
whose relief they are designed, I have considered it of great importance to screen
from the patients view, when using a dental Spittoon, all unsightly appearances
within, or about, such vessels, and in addition to thus hiding the excreta within
the Bowl of the Spittoon, (which I effect mainly as before named by means of
the Rose jet, made in the form of a dome, and of suitable dimensions) I have
embellished the inner bowl of the Spittoon with pictorial subjects, or beautiful
coloured designs.
The materials of which I make the inner bowl of my Spittoon, may be either
metal, china, Glass or any other suitable kind, but is, preferably, metal of some
kind.
The Pictorial Embellishment of the interior of my Dental Fountain Spittoon,
is (or may be) effected by means of embossed or Engraved, but preferably, with
painted, printed or coloured illustrations or views. These embellishments are
(or may be) made upon the concave metal, china or earthenware surface of such
Spittoon Bowls, and are (or may be covered over and protected from (any
possible) injury by a transparent (coloured or colourless) Glass lining. Such
embellishments may also consist in whole or part of Photographs, or any of those
means above named which might be found suitable for decorating glass, and such

page_text: embellishments might be made upon either the concave or convex surface of the
Glass lining above named, instead of such illustrations being upon the concave
metal or earthenware surfaces, underlying such transparent glass bowls,
I have also constructed a lever appliance beside or beneath the dental chair,
for controlling the water service for the Spittoon and Saliva Ejecter, and have
placed the said lever in such a position that the operator may easily move it
with his foot, whilst his attention and assistance are entirely at the service of the
patient...
The accompanying series of drawings will serve to illustrate my invention, as
well as to make it more readily understood and more easily carried into effect,
Similar letters apply to similar parts throughout these diagrams.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of my Dental Fountain Spittoon, with Telescopic Tubular
Pillar Support, having Ball joints for radial adjustment, and shewing water
service pipe; with pedal lever for controlling it, and a fragment of the Saliva
Ejecter, in their relative positions.
Fig. 2 represents a hollow Ball, formed of two principal hemispheres, connected
by a union (screwed) joint, and containing within itself a perforated or wire gauze
Gold trap
Fig. is a perspective view of my Dental fountain Spittoon, (for use with
flexible waste water pipe) suspended upon Pivots, within a ring attached to a
Bracket, the said Bracket and ring being shewn in an oblique position, such as
sometimes results from the varying elevation of the Dental chair.
Fig. 3 is an elevation, in section, of my Spitteon Bowl, shewing one mode of
constructing the tubular water chamber, at upper edge of the Bowl, the "Rose"
jet, Gold catcher water service pipes &c.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of à Pedal lever control for water service to Dental
Spittoon.
Fig. 5 is an elevation, in section, of my Dental fountain Spittoon, shewn with
double Bowl, and space between for water chamber, "Rose or Domed fountain
jet, Gold catcher, water service pipes, series of fine holes for flushing purposes.
and cover or guard for their protection.
Fig. 6 is an elevation, in section, of my Dental fountain Spittoon. shewn with
double Bowl, and water chamber between the inner and outer Bowls, the "Rose"
jet, Gold caicher, Saliva Ejecter, and swivel attachments for suspension within
Ring (of Bracket, which is also shewn)-This view refers to a Spittoon with
flexible waste water pipe.
Fig. 7. is an elevation, in section, of my Dental fountain Spittoon, shewn con-
structed with a single Bowl, and tubular water service pipe to the water chamber
around the upper rim of Bowl-Fountain "Rose" jet, Saliva Ejecter, Telescopic
Spring tubular pillar, Ball joints &c.
Fig. 8 is an elevation, in section, (similar to Fig. 7) of my Dental fountain
Spittoon, shewing the method of radial adjustment by means of Ball joints to
pillar &c.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional view of the upper rim of my Dental fountair
Spittoon Bowl, as shewn in Fig. 6.
**
In these diagrams A represents the inner Bowl of my Dental fountain Spittoon.
B the (Hollow) Domed, or Rose" jet. C the water service pipe for Spittoon.
1) the bent Branch pipe for the "Rose jet." E the cavity in the base of Spittoon
Bowl. F the waste water pipe, & F the split tube for spring adjustment of the
upper part of F. G a wire gauze Gold trap, or catcher, suspended (within the
waste water pipe F) from the underside of waste water grating H. which is fixed
within, and accessible from, the cavity E.
The part marked represents the upper rim of my Spittoon Bowl, containing
the hollow which serves for, or forms part of, the water chamber for flushing the
Bowl is the water chamber between the inner Bowl A. and the outer Bowl L.
The part marked M is a water service pipe to supply the hollow rim attached to
a single, (in contradistinction to a double) Spittoon Bowl; N is a Hood, or shield,

page_text: placed in front of the finely perforated holes.P, the said shield assisting to deaden
The sound produced by the water as it oozes through the holes P, as well as to
collect the water in the chamber Q, before it emerges, (at the outlet R, Fig. 9)
in one sheet, suffusing the whole interior surface of the howl A. The letter S
indicates a small bridge, or tie, which, at intervals in the circumference of the
Bowl's rim, unites the members T and V. (Fig. 9) and to which tie (or ties) the
shield N is, or may be, attached as shown. On the removal of the shield N,
the water chamber K. is accessible from the top for cleaning purposes. The
member marked is the Saliva Ejecter, which is projected within the waste
water pipe F, and derives its suction from the flow of the waste water therein.
The arm and Quadrant arrangement W. (Fig. 4) indicates one method, and the
pedal lever W, another method for enabling the operator, when these appliances
are placed conveniently upon,, or near. the floor to control the water service of a
dental Spittoon with his foot. The bracket X. and its associate Ring Y, with
pivot, (or pivots) Z, represent the mode and means for maintaining the equilibrium
of a Dental Fountain Spittoon, which is supplied with flexible water pipes. The
arrows wherever they occur, are intended to shew the course for the water current.
In order to make it clear what I do, and what I do not, claim broadly as my
Invention. I desire to state what is old and well known, in connection with Dental
fountain Spittoons, and what is new.
Fountain jets have, (hitherto) been used for Dental Spittoons, but were different
to mine in their construction and operation, in so far that they were composed
of straight tubes, placed in vertical positions, and fitted within, or to, the waste
water grating in the base of the Spittoon Bowl. They also formed the only source
from which the bowl was flushed, and the manner in which it was effected was
by a radial spray. (or disc) discharge of water from the upper part of the said
tube, against the whole inner surface of the bowl; the water pressure necessary
to operate it producing a considerable hissing noise. Whereas my fountain
service is constructed, first, with a removeable bent water pipe, which enables
it to be fitted within a part of the bowl conveniently distant from the waste water
grate second, with a hollow removeable domed crown to the said bent pipe, the
said dome being pierced with holes, and sometimes resembles the "Rose" of a
watering can, and through which holes, (one or more) the water oozes silently,
and drips into the bottom of the Bowl, but is not discharged against the sides of
the Bowl.
'
Perforations in the nature of a waste water Grating have been made in the
bases of Dental fountain Spittoon Bowls, but have never been, to my knowledge,
removeable and replaceable by the operator, whereas mine can be readily removed
and replaced whenever required, (by any unskilled person) for cleaning or other
purposes.
A Gold Trap, (or Gold catcher) is well known in connection with Dental
fountain Spittoons, but has never, to my knowledge, been made accessible or
removeable from within such (Fountain) Spittoon Bowls, but has, in such
Spittoons, required the uncoupling of portions of the waste water pipe, or a Ball
joint, before access could be obtained to it, or anything removed from it. My
improvement consists, not in the use of such a member, but in its perforated
character, as well as in the particular method which I have devised for rendering
it accessible, removeable and replaceable, as often as required by the Dentist,
(and, if necessary, whilst the Spittoon is in use). I effect these advantages
principally by placing the Gold catcher within the extreme upper end of the waste
water pipe, and suspending it there, by hanging it to the underside of the remove-
able grate in the base of my Spittoon Bowl, or adjust and support it by other
means within the extreme upper end of the said waste water pipe, and render it
removeable along with, or separately from, but at the same point as, and by virtue
of the removeableness of. the said loose grate.
Telescopic Tubular Pillars are well known as supports for Dental fountain
Spittoons, but have never, to my knowledge, been self adjustable in the way or by

page_text: such means as those I employ. Such telescopic pillars have hitherto been made
retainable in any position, by means of tightening screws and soft internal
packing. My improvements therein consist in making my Telescopic Tubular
Pillar adjustable, at any required elevation, by Splitting and expanding the lower
part of the upper waste water tube, and the upper part of the lower one, and
thereby causing them to bind against each other in a manner commonly known
and practiced in Tubular work-but never before applied, to my knowledge, to
Dental Fountain Spittoon Supports.
Ball joints for Radial purposes, are well known in connection with Dental foun-
tain Spittoon Supports, but have not hitherto been capable of proper adjustment or
dismemberment, without the use of a screw driver or screw key, and were
frequently dirty and unsightly, by reason of the lubricants employed, verdi-
gris, &c. My improvement consists in enclosing every possible portion of such
balls, within metal cases, constructed like union (screwed) joints, but without
the necessity for using a screw driver or other instrument, to relax or tighten
the said joint.
Saliva Ejecters are common appointments to Dental Spittoons, (whether foun-
lain or other kind) and operate by means of suction, caused by the flow of water
in pipes and open faucets associated exclusively with, and for the sole purpose
of operating, such Saliva Ejecters. These have hitherto been fixed in dangerous,
obtrusive, and inconvenient positions, upon, and projecting upwards from, the
upper rim of the Spittoon Bowl--and my improvement therein consists in fitting
my saliva Ejecter to, and into, the waste water pipe leading from the base of
the Spittoon Bowl, (or alternatively to the ordinary water service pipe of the
said Bowl) and thus secure the necessary suction by the flow of water therein,
without employing a separate water service for the purpose. The position which
I have selected for its attachment is in no sense dangerous, obtrusive or incon-
venient.
Bracket Supports attached to Dental chairs, have (hitherto), been used for
sustaining Dental fountain Spittoons, and my improvement therein consists,
only in the means which I employ for causing the Spittoon Bowl to retain its
equilibrium. (However the chair may be moved, to suit the purposes of the
operator). This object I effect by means of an enclosing ring, and pivots therein,
for the purpose of swivelling the Spittoon Bowl.
The water service for Dental Fountain Spittoons, where a continual supply
was available, has hitherto been controlled by taps, cocks or levers. in positions.
and of such a character, that they could only be operated by hand, and my
improvement therein consists in the construction of a lever, or lever and frame-
work, to be so placed beneath, or adjacent to, the Dental chair. that the operator
may turn the water on, or off, by moving the said lever with his foot.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is,
1st. In a Dental Fountain Spittoon, the method of constructing such Spittoon
Bowl, with one or more hollow water chambers surrounding the whole of its
upper margin, and having one, or more, slits, crevices or finely punctured holes,
for inducing the flow of water from the said chamber. (silently and continu-
ously) over the whole of the Bowl's inner surface, all substantially as herein
described and shewn.
2nd. In a Dental Fountain Spittoon, the method of constructing such Spittoon
Bowl, with two principal parts,--an inner and an outer Bowl, with a water
chamber between them, and having one, or more, slits, crevices or finely per-
forated holes, around the upper margin of the inner bowl, for the purpose of
flushing the inner bowl of the Spittoon with water, all substantially as herein
described and shewn.
3rd. In a Dental fountain Spittoon, the method of constructing the central
fountain, (within such Spittoon Bowl) in the form of a hollow dome, having

page_text: finely perforated holes and a bent or angled supply pipe, all substantially as
herein described and shewn.
4th. In a Dental fountain Spittoon, the method of making the waste water
grate, in the base of such Spittoon Bowl, removeable, substantially as herein
described and shewn.
5th. In a Dental Fountain Spittoon, the method of Suspending the Gold Trap
to the waste water Grate, (or immediately adjacent thereto) and for making the
Gold Trap, (or Gold catcher) accessible and removeable, through the open space
in the Base of the Bowl occupied by the said removeable Grate, all substan-
tially as herein described and shewn.
6th. In a Dental fountain Spittoon, the method of constructing a Saliva
Ejecter, by inserting a small tube, therefor, into the waste water pipe connected
with such Spittoon, all substantially as herein described and shown.
7th. In a Dental Fountain Spittoon, the method of Swivelling, or suspending.
such spittoon Bowl within a ring Bracket, attached to a Dental chair, all sub-
stantially as herein described & shewn.
8th. In a Dental Fountain Spittoon, the method of fixing its telescopic tubular
Support, at any required elevation, by means of split and distended tubes, all
substantially as herein described and shewn.
9th. In a Dental Fountain Spittoon, the method of enclosing every possible
part of the radial Ball joints, of its tubular, (or other) supporting Pillar, within
metal covers or Boxes, constructed and operated substantially as herein des-
cribed and shewn.
10th. In a Dental Fountain Spittoon, the method of controlling the water
service thereto, by means of a Pedal tap, cock or Lever appliance, placed beside.
beneath. or to, the dental chair, suitably for the operator moving it with his
foot, all substantially as herein described and shewn.
11th. In a Dental fountain Spittoon, the method of constructing the Gold
trap of wire gauze, or other finely perforated, or porous material, all substantially
as herein described and shewn.
12th. In a Dental fountain Spittoon, the method of making such Spittoon
Bowl, with pictorial embellishments thereon, substantially as herein describe:l.
18th. In a Dental fountain Spittoon, the method of placing the perforated Gold
trap herein described, within a hollow ball formed of two principal hemispheres
screwed together as shown in Fig. 2, all substantially as herein described and
drawn.
15 L 1
1
100
JOSEPH LOCKWOOD,
18, Vale View Terrace, Langside, Glasgow,
Agent for the said William Dall.