IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO PRINTING TELEGRAPH APPARATUS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO PRINTING TELEGRAPH APPARATUS."
A communication from abroad by Casimir Hayet, of Paris, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th April 1879.
-
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO PRINTING
TELEGRAPH APPARATUS." [A communication from abroad by Casimir Hayet, of
Paris, France.]
This Invention relates to telegraphic apparatus which is a modification of the
ordinary dial apparatus, and the latter being so well known it is unnecessary to
describe similar parts. I would however observe that in order to adapt the said
ordinary apparatus for printing it is necessary that the manipulator shall be ant
inverter and the receiver consequently provided with a polarised pallet and be
without line regulation.
All these arrangements being well known, I shall confine myself to explaining the
modifications made in the line electro magnet in order to obtain the impression,
this constituting the chief feature of the present Invention. The magnetic con-
necting bar of the line electro magnet is replaced by a bar or piece of copper or
other suitable material; I thus obtain two single armed electro magnets placed in
juxtaposition in the same circuit and having consequently four poles, of which two
are utilised for the rotation of the type wheel and of the needle, and two for the
impression.
A supplementary one armed electro-magnet also traversed by the line current is
placed transversely to the principal electro magnets in such a manner as to present
the two poles of its curved armature in front of the poles of the principal electro-
magnets; by this arrangement the printing bobbin being conveniently rolled I
augment considerably the magnetic effects, because there will be always present
through the alternate passage of currents, whatever may be their direction, four
contrary poles, and moreover I collect and utilise the induced currents which
[Drin 077

page_text: There will
are produced on the opening and closing of these line currents
therefore be a continued attraction of the armature of the supplementary bobbin
to the two poles of the principal electro-magnets during the passage of the
alternate currents, and this attraction will cease immediately there is no current
traversing the electro-magnets; the intensity of this inverse movement of the
attraction will be moreover regulated by a resisting spring and a weight. This
being understood it easy to comprehend the general working of the apparatus,
the manipulator arranged in such a manner as to send inverted currents without
interruption during the rotation of the handle, and with entire interruption of the
current immediately it is depressed into a notch will produce continued attraction of
the armature of the printing electro magnet, and this attraction will not exist after
the cessation of these currents. It is thus seen by means of what devices I have
carried into practice the application of this principle in order to cause a dial
apparatus to be also a printing apparatus.
The manipulator being an invertor as above stated, the clockwork of the receiver
contains a barrel with double gearing, the one corresponding to the tension of the
motive spring and serving for the rotation of the axis of the needle and of the type
wheel (the latter being keyed on the prolongation of this axis and behind the
movement), the other corresponding to the detention of the said spring and utilised
for the impression. The type wheel carries two parallel series of characters (letters
and figures) which are printed at the same time upon two lines; the one or the
other is read according to whether the cross has been reached once or twice, and
consequently whether one or two dots have been marked on the band or strip
which reproduces exactly the manipulation and the reading of the ordinary dial.
This relates to the rotation of the needle and of the type wheel and which is
effected as in a dial without regulation.
upon
The impression is produced in the following manner, that is to say:-The
printing lever rests with its flexible extremity upon a two armed excentric con-
nected with the second series of gearing, which by means of an escapement acting
under the influence of the printing electro-magnet fixed
the aforesaid connecting
bar or piece of copper on the principal electro magnets produces this impression and
the drawing of the paper; the two effects are therefore obtained by these arrange-
ments, which are as simple as they are mechanical, and the apparatus thus works.
This improved apparatus is indispensable to all those who do not make
telegraphy their exclusive occupation, and is particularly valuable to railway
companies whose existing apparatus may be utilized; it is remarkable for the
simplicity of its working with two mechanical effects produced by means of a single
motive spring, and for the arrangements which permit it to be made use of as
an ordinary dial, at the same time obtaining the impression upon a band or strip of
paper passing into the box or receiver and coming out printed.
In order that the said Invention may be clearly understood, I have represented
in the accompanying Drawings, and as a specimen only, the receiving apparatus
constructed according to the said Invention.
Figure 1 represents an elevation of the receiver with its box closed.
Figure 2 shews a rear elevation.
Figure 3 shows a side elevation of the same with the box removed.
Figures 4, 5, and 6 represent details of the mechanism for lifting the paper.
In all the Figures the same letters of reference indicate the same parts.
a is a plate supporting the mechanism; b is the dial; c is the principal electro
magnet; d is the auxiliary electro-magnet; e is a barrel provided with a double acting
spring; f is an armature the oscillations of which produce the successive disengage-
ments of the spindle carrying the needle g at one end and the type wheel h at the
other end; i is the ink roller; j is an armature with two arms which are connected
by a rod traversing the bobbin d; k is a lever fixed to the armature j; this lever
carries a rod l; m is a small spindle turning in two fixed supports; n is a lever
keyed on the spindle m and provided at its extremity with a spring which rests
upon the rod ; o is a disconnecting rod keyed upon the spindle m and provided

page_text: with two pallets; p is the last spindle of the gearing controlling the printing
mechanism. This spindle carries a two-armed lever q, one arm of which rests upon
the upper pallet of the rod o. If the arms of the armature ; are drawn the lever n
is lifted, the spindle m turns; and the lever q escapes in order to rest upon the lower
pallet of the rod o; when the armature j is again set at liberty, the lever n descends,
the spindle m turns in a contrary direction, and the arm of the lever q is disengaged,
the spindle p makes a half turn, and the second arın of the lever q comes upon the
upper pallet of the rod o; r is a drum carrying the band or strip of paper to be
printed; s is a lever provided with rods between which passes the band or strip of
paper; this lever is terminated by a spring t. Two pieces fixed at the extremity of
the spindle p lift up the lever 8 by acting on the spring t when the spindle is
disconnected.
I may also make use of a type wheel in which the series will be changed in
order to obtain the impression of the letters and figures on the same line.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on. the 25th
October 1879.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO PRINTING
TELEGRAPH APPARATUS." A communication from abroad by Casimir Hayet, of
Paris, France.
This Invention relates to telegraphic apparatus which is a modification of the
ordinary dial apparatus which is well known and renders the description of the
similar parts unnecessary. I would however observe that in order to adapt tho
said ordinary apparatus for printing it is necessary that the manipulator shall be
an invertor and the receiver consequently provided with a polarized pallet and
without line regulation.
All of these arrangements being well known I shall confine myself to explaining
the modifications made in the line electro-magnet in order to obtain the impression,
this constituting the chief feature of the present Invention. The magnetic con-
necting bar of the line electro-magnet is replaced by a magnetic bar or piece of
copper for example. I thus obtain two electro-magnets with one branch placed in
juxtaposition in the same circuit, and having consequently four poles, of which two
are utilized for the rotation of the type wheel and of the needle, and two for the
impression.
A supplementary electro-magnet with one branch, which I term the impression
electro-magnet and also traversed by the line current, is placed transversely to the
principal electro-magnets in such a manner as to present the two poles of its curved
armature in front of the poles of the said principal electro-magnets; by this
arrangement and with the printing or impression bobbin properly wound I augment
considerably the magnetic effects, since there will be always present through the
alternate passage of the currents, whatever may be their direction, four contrary or
opposite poles; and, moreover, I collect and utilize the induced currents which are
produced on the opening and closing of these line circuits; there will therefore be
a continued attraction of the armature of the supplementary bobbin to the two
poles of the principal electro-magnets during the passage of the alternate currents,
and this attraction will cease immediately there is no current traversing the electro-
magnets; the intensity of this inverse movement of the attraction will be moreover
regulated by a resisting spring and a weight. This being understood it is easy to
comprehend the general working of the apparatus, the manipulator arranged in
such a manner as to send reverse currents without interruption during the rotation
of the handle, and with entire interruption of the current immediately it is depressed
into a notch will produce a continued attraction of the armature of the printing
electro-magnet, and this attraction will not exist after the cessation of these
currents. I have shewn what devices I employ to carry into practice the application
of this principle in order to cause a dial apparatus to serve also as a printing
apparatus.
The manipulator being an invertor, as above stated, the clock work of the receiver
contains a barrel with two sets of gearing, the one corresponding to the tension of
the motive spring and serving to revolve the axis of the needle and of the type
wheel (the latter being keyed on the prolongation of this axis and behind the
clockwork), and the other corresponding to the detent of the said spring and
utilized for the impression; the type wheel carries two parallel series of characters
(letters and figures) which are printed at the same time upon two lines.
The one
or the other is read according to whether the cross has been reached once or twice
and consequently whether one or two dots have been marked on the band or strip
which reproduces exactly the manipulation and the reading of the ordinary dial

page_text: instrument. The above explains the rotation of the needle and of the type wheel,
which is effected as in an instrument without regulation.
The impression is produced in the following manner, that is to say:- -The printing
lever rests with its flexible extremity upon a two armed excentric connected with
the last of the second series of gearing, which, by means of an escapement acting
under the influence of the printing electro-magnet fixed upon the aforesaid magnetic
connecting bar of the principal electro-magnets, produces this impression and the
winding off of the paper; the two effects are therefore obtained by these arrange-
ments, which are as simple as they are mechanical.
This improved apparatus is indispensable to all those who do not make telegraphy
their exclusive occupation, and it is particularly valuable to railway companies
whose existing apparatus may be utilized. It is remarkable for the simplicity of
its working with two mechanical effects produced by means of a single motor or
main spring, and for the arrangements which permit it to serve as an ordinary dial
instrument, at the same time obtaining the impression upon a band or strip of
paper passing into the box or receiver and coming out printed.
In order that the said Invention may be clearly understood I have represented
in the accompanying Drawing, and as a specimen only, the receiving apparatus
constructed according to the said Invention.
Figure 1 is an elevation of the receiver with its box closed.
Figure 2 is a rear elevation, and
Figure 3 is a side elevation of the said receiver with the box removed.
Figures 4, 5, and 6 represent details of the mechanism for working the paper.
In these Figures a represents a plate supporting the mechanism; b is the dial;
c is the principal electro-magnet; d is the auxiliary electro-magnet; e is a barrel
provided with a double acting spring; f is an armature, the oscillations of which.
produce the successive disengagements of the spindle carrying the needle g at one
end and the type wheel h at the other end; i is the ink roller; j is an armature
with two arms which are connected by a rod traversing the bobbin d; k is a lever
fixed to the armature j; this lever carries a rod 1; m is a small spindle turning in
two fixed supports; n is a lever keyed upon the spindle m and provided at its
extremity with a spring which rests upon the rod ; o is a disconnecting rod keyed
upon the spindle m and provided with two pallets.
P is the last spindle of the gearing controlling the printing mechanism. This
spindle carries a two armed lever q, one arm of which rests upon the upper pallet
of the rod o. If the arms of the armature jare attracted the lever n is lifted, the
spindle m turns, and the lever q escapes in order to rest upon the lower pallet of
the rod o.
When the armature j is again set at liberty the lever descends, the
spindle m turns in a contrary direction, and the arm of the lever ? is disengaged,
the spindle p makes a half revolution, and the second arm of the lever q strikes
the upper pallet of the rod o. ris a drum carrying the band or strip of paper to
be printed; 8 is a lever provided with rods, between which passes the band or strip
of paper; this lever is terminated by a spring t.
Two pieces fixed at the extremity of the spindle p lift up the lever 8 by acting
on the spring t when the spindle is disconnected.
For my improved system of apparatus I have devised an inverting manipulator
which ensures the following advantages :-
First. The nullification of the interruption at the moment of inversion, thereby
ensuring the proper action of my improved printing telegraph apparatus.
Second. It reduces friction as much as possible.
Third. It simplifies the construction and consequently reduces the cost of manu-
facture.
Fourth. It produces all the contacts with slight friction upon the periphery of
the manipulator wheels, effecting the said contacts in a perfect manner, since the
metal is always polished by the friction.
Fifth. It is easy to arrange in the cover of the manipulator all the contact points
and consequently to protect them from dust and inclemencies.

page_text: Figure 7 of the accompanying Drawing is a side elevation of this improved
manipulator, and
Figure 8 is an underside view of the same.
I obtain the results above mentioned by providing the manipulator with two
metal wheels or discs a, a¹, arranged one above the other, and at a small distance
apart upon the same axis b of the handle and electrically insulated from each other
and also from the said axis.
These wheels present upon their periphery a certain number of notches and
consequently raised portions, and the said wheels are keyed upon the said axis
vertically in such a position that the raised portions of one correspond exactly with
the notches of the other.
Upon the periphery of the said wheels two contact springs c, c', rest, and are so
arranged that one of the said springs rests upon one of the raised portions of one
wheel, whilst the other spring rests upon one of the raised portions of the other
wheel.
The upper wheel a communicates through d with the positive pole of the battery,
whilst the other wheel a' communicates through with the negative pole of the
said battery, and the contact springs c, c', communicate one with the earth and the
other with the line.
It results from these arrangements that the wheels a, a', occupy the peculiar
position shewn with regard to the springs c, cl, the two poles of the battery are
always one to the earth and the other to the line, and that by rotation the inversion
is made without interruption.
I may also in some cases make use of a type wheel in which the series may
be changed in order to obtain the impression of the letters or figures on the same
line.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I do not confine myself to the precise construction and arrangement of the
apparatus above described, as the same may be modified to some extent, according
to requirements in practise ; but I claim,
The improvements in printing telegraph apparatus above specified, and comprising
the type-wheel with two parallel rows of characters, the impression being produced
in the interior of the apparatus which it leaves in the manner described, thus
permitting indications to be read by the operator at the needle and the controlling
by the band of the clockwork provided with a double acting barrel and the auxiliary
electro-magnet; also the inverting manipulator, all as above described and as
shewn in the accompanying Drawing for the purposes specified.
In witness, whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
TUM DADT T