Year: 1899

page_text: I, MYRON FRANCIS HILL, a Citizen of the United States, of 27 State Street,
Boston and Resident in the City of Cambridge, both in the County of Middlesex,
State of Massachusetts, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:—
The object of my invention is to reduce the friction of a bearing to a minimum
by the use of rollers, and to produce a bearing which is free from adjustment and
easily detachable from the wheel as a separate unit.
In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of my bearing showing the
cylindrical rollers.
Figure 2 is a sectional view of the end of a bearing to show the relative positions
of the rollers.
Figure 3 is a view of the bearing in its entirety, from the side.
Figure 4 is a bicycle hub in longitudinal section showing the bearing at either end
in view.
Figure 5 is a view of the axle of such a wheel.
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section of an alternative form of hub.
Figure 7-shows a possible form of separating roller-which-is-used-between-each
two-main-rollers.
Figure S-shows-the-positions-which such a-form-might-possibly-assume:
Figure 9 shows a preferred-form-of separating roller to-correet--the possibility
of derangement-as in Figure S. in contact with two main rollers.
In the drawings like characters of reference designate similar parts in the various
figures.
In Figure 1 we have the barrel 1 and the sleeve 2 with bearing races on each, and
between the two are the main rollers 3, 3, engaging these bearing races. Between
each two main rollers is a separating roller 5, lying substantially in the plane of
their axes as shown and with ends projecting beyond the ends of the main rollers.
These projecting ends 6 of the separating rollers are confined radially by the collars 7
on the outside, these [collars being driven onto the sleeve 2 against the shoulders 8
thereon. The projecting ends are confined on the inside by the freely running rings 9,
which fit into the grooves 10 on the projecting ends 6. These ends are of greater
diameter than the bodies of the rollers 5.
These rollers are confined endwise by bevel or sloping edges in every case where
there is a tendency towards lateral play of the rollers. Thus on the sleeve 2 are
shown the sloping guide edges 11 confining the main rollers endwise, and on the
barrel are shown the edges 12 at one end and the detachable edge 13 at the other end
which confines the main rollers between the sleeve and barrel the engaged parts of the

page_text: rollers lying between the bevelled guiding edges. The separating rollers are likewise
confined end wise by the bevel edges 15 where the projecting ends are enlarged. The
sides of the grooves 10 are bevelled to confine the freely running rings 9 without rubbing.
In Figure 7 an alternative-form of enlarged end-for-the-separating rollers is shown
without--the bevel-edges-15; but the form-in-Figure-0 is preferred;-with-the-bevel
edges. Figure Sshows how-without-these-bevels the main rollers-may-twist-with
relation to the axis 27-of-the-axle-or hub. In Figure-0-it-is-elear-ther-cannot-so
twist.
To assemble this bearing, the main rollers are first arranged about the sleeve 2 on
the bearing surface, with an elastic to hold them temporarily; the shell 1, with the
part 13 detached, is then slid over the main rollers and the edge 13 then introduced
into the shell to lock the main rollers, shell and sleeve together. The separating
rollers are then placed about between the main rollers. This is done by introducing
them between the rollers close to the sleeve 2 where the spaces between the main
rollers are greater. The separating rollers are then pushed outward, their smaller
bodies coming between the main rollers, to allow the rings 9 to be put in place inside
of the separating rollers. The collars 7 are then slid on at either end outside of the
projecting ends of the separating rollers, against the shoulders 8. These collars should
be a driving fit on the sleeve or fixed to the sleeve in some firm manner.
The part 13 containing the bevel edge may be formed as shown in Figure 1. It
should be held in place in some firm manner as it is the key to the bearing and is
intended to be removed at the factory only.
If-the-form-of separating-roller-shown in Figure 7 is employed, that-is-the-form
having-no-sloping-edges-to-confine-it-endwise, there is danger, if the-bearing-be-in-
necurately-constructed, of the rollers getting out of place-and-assuming-the-position
shown in Figure S. Thus the form-in Figure-9-is-much preferred.
"
The bearing when assembled as described resembles the view shown in Figure 3.
The sleeve 2 of the bearing is adapted to be slid loosely upon the axle of a bicycle or
other wheel, while the shell 1 fits within the hub loosely. By " loosely is meant
"not a tight fit"; that is, the sleeve and shell may either one become an
emergency bearing in case of any accident to the rollers of the bearing.
Figure 4 shows a bicycle hub, with the bearing introduced at either end. The
bearing is prevented from going into the hub too far by the shoulder 16 (Figures 3
and 4) and is held in place by the same nut 17 which locks the fork ends 18 of the
wheel frame. The shaft is a perfectly plain one with threaded ends 19 as shown in
Figure 5.
In Figure 6 a form of hub is shown to be used when the bearing is not provided
with the shoulder 16. This hub is provided with internal shoulders 20 against
which the shell 1 is held by the nut 17 as in the other case. The fork end does not
press against the bearing in either case but is held against the shoulder 21 on the
shaft. Thus the fork ends and nuts confine the bearings though they do not lock
against them.
Referring to Figure 2 let us trace the action of the rollers in the bearing. Suppose
the hub to be travelling in the direction of arrow 22. The shell 1 would travel in
the same direction, and the main rollers 3 would revolve with arrow 23, the same
direction as the hub and shell. This would cause the separating rollers to revolve in
the opposite direction, or with the hands of a clock (arrow 25), and as these separating
rollers have enlarged ends 6 which travel on the inside circumferences of the collars 7,
the rollers 5 would travel about on the collars with arrow 26, or in the same
direction with the main rollers as they travel about the shaft. This then shows a
harmony of directions in the travel of the various rollers, but in order to produce the
minimum amount of friction these rollers should all travel about the shaft at
harmonious rates. To secure this result, certain proportions must exist. The circum-
ference of the enlarged end of a separating roller must bear the same proportion to
the circumference of the body of the roller that the inner circumference of the
collar 7 bears to the bearing surface on the sleeve 2. The following proportions
have been tried with excellent results: the diameter of the enlarged end 6 was

page_text: 134 in.; the diameter of the small body of the roller 5 was 077 in.; the inside diameter
of the collar 7, 833 in., and the diameter of the bearing surface on the sleeve was
479 in. In this case there were 6 main and 6 separating rollers. The main rollers
were 323 in. in diameter, and the shell was 1 in. in diameter on the inside.
An important feature in this bearing is the guiding action of the various bevel
edges, which keeps the whole bearing in alignment with the least possible friction.
This does away also with all need of adjustinent, and makes it possible to permanently
fasten the bearing together before putting it on the market. It then becomes a unit
in itself and easily detachable from the wheel.
The independent and freely running rings 9 are supported entirely by the grooves 10
in the enlarged ends 6 of the separating rollers 5. They are carried about at will by
these rollers and their duty is to keep the separating rollers from dropping out of
place. The separating rollers are thus held with the axis of each in approximately
the same plane with the axes of its two neighbouring main rollers. In this position
the tendency of the main rollers to squeeze them out is reduced practically to nothing.
The collars play the same function by keeping the separating rollers from being
displaced outwardly.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven.
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a roller bearing, an axle sleeve, a hub sleeve bevelled endwise guiding edges
thereon, main rollers between said sleeves, and with their engaged portions lying
between said bevelled edges, a separating rollers between every two of said main rollers,
and situate substantially in the plane of their axes collars and rings supporting said
separating rollers, said collars mounted on one of said sleeves and bevelled endwise
guiding edges on said separating rollers to prevent any twisting of said main
rollers.
2. In a-roller-bearing, an-axle-sleeve, a hub-sleeve,--main-rollers--between-said
sleeves, separating--rollers--between-said-main--rollers;--radial--supports-for--said
separating--rollers;--endwise--guiding-edges thereon-holding-said-parts-in-place;
said-rollers;-sleeves-and-supports embodying-such-diameters-that-they roll together
without-rubbing-or-dragging.
2. In a roller bearing, an axle sleeve, a hub sleeve, bevelled endwise guiding
edges thereon main rollers between said sleeves, and with their engaged portions lying
between said bevelled edges, separating rollers between every two of said main rollers,
radial-supports-for and situate substantially in the plane of their axes, collars and
rings supporting said separating rollers at-their-ends; and bevelled endwise guiding
edges on thereon-holding said separating rollers to prevent any twisting of said main
rollers parts in-plaee, said rollers, sleeves and supports embodying such diameters
that they roll together without rubbing or dragging.
4. In-n-roller-bearing,-an-axle-sleeve, n-hub-sleeve,-endwise--bevelled guiding
edges-thereon,-main rollers-between-said--sleeves, separating rollers-between-said
main rollers,-collars-and-rings-supporting-said--separating-rollers, -said--collars
mounted-on-said-axle-sleeve:
In-a-roller-bearing,-an-axle-sleeve,-n-hub-sleeve, endwise-guiding edges thereon;
main-rollers-between said sleeves, separating rollers-between-said-main-rollers,
collars-and-rings-supporting said rollers-which-separate, said-collars-mounted-ou
one-of-said sleeves, said roller, sleeves-and-supports-embodying-sneh-diameters-that
they-roll-together-without-rubbing-or-dragging
6-In-a-roller-bearing, an-axle-sleeve, a-hub-sleeve, entwise guiding-edges thereon,
main-rollers between said sleeves, separating-rollers-between-said--main-rollers,
collars and rings supporting said separating rollers, said collars-mounted-on said
nxle sleeve, snid-rollers, sleeves, and--supports-embodying such-diameters-that they
roll together-without-rubbing-or-dragging.
In-a-roller-bearing,-un-axle-sleeve; a hub sleeve, main-rollers-mounted between
said-sleeves, separating-rollers between said main rollers, supports for said-separating

page_text: Folers, endwise-guiding-edges-on said sepurating rollers to hold said supports in
place,-and-additional guiding-edges-to-prevent-any-twisting-of the-main-rollere, said
rollers, sleeves-and-supports-embodying such diameters-that-they-roll-together
without-rubbing or dragging
. In-a-roller-bearing-an-axle-sleeve, a-hub-sleeve,-main-rollers between-enid
sleeves, reparating-rollers between-said-main rollers, supports-for-said separating
rollers-at-their-ends, endwise guiding edges-thereon-holding-said-parts-in-place,-and
additional guiding edges on raid-separating rollers-to--prevent any twisting of raid
main rollers, suid-rollers, -sleeves-and-supports-embodying-such-diameters-that they
roll-together-without-rubbing-or-dragging.
#. In-n-roller-bearing, an-axle-sleeve, n-hub-sleeve, endwise-guiding-edges thereon,
main rollers-between said-sleeves, separating-rollers-between-said--main--rollers
collars and rings supporting said-separating-rollers,-said-collars-mounted on-one-of
said sleeves,-and-endwise-guiding-edges-on-caid separating rollers to prevent uny
twisting of said-main-rollers.
10. In-a-roller-bearing, an--axle--sleeve, n- -hub-sleeve,--endwise guiding--edges
thereon,-main-rollers-between said sleeves, separating rollers between-said- main
rollers, collars-and-rings supporting said separating rollers, suid-collars-mounted-on
said-axle-sleeve, and-endwise guiding edges-on said-separating-rollers-to-prevent-any
twisting-of-said-main-rollers.
3 14. In a roller bearing, an axle sleeve, a hub sleeve, bevelled endwise guiding.
edges thereon, main rollers between said sleeves, and with their engaged portions
lying between said bevelled edges, a separating rollers between every two of said main
rollers, and situate substantially in the plane of their axes collars and rings supporting
said separating rollers, said collars mounted on one of said sleeves, and bevelled end-
wise guiding edges on said separating rollers to prevent any twisting of said main
rollers, said rollers, sleeves and supports embodying such diameters that they roll
together without rubbing or dragging.
1. In-a-roller bearing, an axle sleeve, a-hub-sleeve, -endwise--guiding--edges
thereon-main-rollers-between--said-sleeves, separating-rollers between-said-main
rollers,-collars-and-rings-supporting-said-separating-rollers, said-collars-mounted-on
said-axle-sleeve, and endwise guiding, edges on said separating rollers to prevent
any-twisting-of said-main-rollers,-said-rollers, sleeves-and-supports-embodying-sneh
dinmeters-that-they-roll together-without-rubbing-or-dragging-
4. In a roller bearing, an axle sleeve, a hub sleeve, bevelled endwise guiding
edges thereon main rollers between said sleeves, and with their engaged portions
lying between said bevelled edges, a separating rollers between every two of said main
rollers, supports--for collars and rings supporting said separating rollers, suid
collurs mounted on one of said sleeves and bevelled endwise guiding edges thereen
holding on said part-in-nee, separating rollers to prevent any twisting of eaid
main rollers said rollers, sleeves and supports embodying such diameters that they
roll together without rubbing or dragging.
11. In-n-roller-ring; *-**-ih let, main rolle between+eid
eventing rollers-between-id-in-rollers, harmoniously proportioned
support-for-reparating roll-und-endwine--guiding-edges thereon-holding
suid parts in paid-valler,
pertembodying mach diameter-
that they roll-together-without-rubbing-er-dragging
T.:.. 1
of Luno 1400
CARPMAEL & Co
Agents for the Applicant