Year: 1894

page_text: .Date of Application, 28th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 26th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 30th Mar.. 1895
I, CHARLES JAMES JONES of 28 Cumberland Park, Willesden, in the City of
London, Architect and Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in or relating to water closets and chiefly
to those with basins made of earthenware.
Water closet basins as generally constructed have, in most cases, flushing rim,
basin proper and trap all in one, the inlet nozzle to flushing rim and outgo from
trap being, by this construction, in one vertical line, or nearly so, at the rear of the
basin.
This construction is subject to several great defects, for instance :-in some
positions it would entail far less labour in 6xing the closet if the connection from
the trap outgo to the soil pipe could be at either side of the basin instead of at the
back, which by the above construction is not possible; also with the basin
constructed as before mentioned the only proper position for the water cistern is in
the same vertical line with the trap outgo and flushing rim inlet nozzle at the back
of the closet; but in numerous cases the position of the closet forbids this and the
cistern is placed at either side or in some other more convenient but unsuitable
position, the supply pipe to the flushing rim inlet being brought down by means of
sundry elbows and bends, this not only entails more expence and labour in fixing,
but diminishes the force and perverts the direction of the flush, and if, as sometimes
occurs, the supply pipe at any point between the cistern and flushing rim drops
below the level of rim inlet it will, if the cistern be of a syphon action as is
commonly the case, utterly impair its efficiency.
By my invention I overcome these difficulties and further improve the basin as I
will now proceed to describe.
The basin proper I make preferably in one with the trap but apart from the
flushing rim, and of such a shape internally as to create a greater depth of water at
the outgo or sealing point and from thence to gradually decrease in depth to the
side opposite to such point, by this form of construction is gained the advantages of
a valve closet without additional water.
The upper part of basin I make of circular form in plan and form it with a recess
or seating to receive a flushing rim as hereinafter described.
The flushing rim 1 make separate to the basin proper and adjustable, thereto.
It is hollow and of circular form in plan and is provided externally with a water
inlet nozzle.
The lower edge of the external side of the flushing rim is provided with a ridge
or facing adapted to snugly fit in the recess or seating, before described, in the
upper part of the basin proper and to be cemented thereto by means of any suitable
cement.
By so constructing the basin and rim, the trap outgo may be either at the back
of closet or any other required position to suit the soil pipe or for convenience in
connection, while the flushing rim may have its water inlet nozzle either directly
over the trap outgo or at any suitable or convenient angle in a horizontal plane
thereto to suit the position of the water cistern.

page_text: To cause the greatest force of water, upon flushing, to be directed to the basin
outgo, irrespective of position of said outgo or water inlet, the internal side of the
flushing rim projects when the said rim is placed upon the basin, into the basin.
The lower edge of this internal side of rim is concentric to the closet basin
internally and should extend far enough into the basin to be almost level with the
nominal water level therein.
The external surface of this projecting side of flushing rim and internal surface
of the basin and hollow part of flushing rim thus form a chamber for the water from
water 'inlet nozzle on flushing rim.
The upper internal edge of the basin above the outgo and close to the junction
of rim and basin is provided with an inwardly projecting rib on flange extending
say about two-thirds around the interior of basin and projecting sufficiently to
almost touch the downwardly projecting side of flushing rim thereby entirely or
very nearly blocking the flow of water from the flushing rim at this part of basin
and so causing the bulk of the water to travel around the flushing rim to that part
where it has free passage which part is directly opposite to the outgo of the basin
and so directing its greatest force towards the said outgo.
The upper part of flushing rim may be provided with a number of small holes
extending around the inside in order to allow, upon flushing, a small quantity of
water to trickle down the inwardly projecting side and so cleanse it from any
excrement which may be thereon, without materially decreasing the bulk or force
of the water.
In a modification, both the lower edges of the external & internal sides of
flushing rim are adapted to fit suitable seatings on top edge of closet basin proper;
the space between such seatings forming with the hollow of flushing rim a water
chamber. Over the outgo of closet basin this chamber is closed excepting for a
row of small holes near the upper edge of the basin, which allow, upon flushing, a
small quantity of water to trickle down and so keep that side of closet basin clean.
This chamber is open to the closet basin, for about one third of the distance
around, at the opposite side to the outgo at a point upon or almost upon the
nominal water level in such basin. Below the joint of flushing rim and basin &
where open to basin this chamber is divided by a suitable number of vertical ribs
which serve to divide the volume of water into a number of seperate streams, as
also to give strength to the basin.
By varying the pitch or distance apart of these ribs the greatest quantity of
water is caused to flow into the basin at the point opposite to the outgo.
By the construction of water closet basins in the manner before described much
labour will be saved in fixing also the water inlet nozzle can always be in a line
with the supply pipe from the water cistern, thereby allowing the whole weight of
water to fall into the basin and by the form & construction of rim & basin, be
directed with all its force at such a point opposite to the outgo as to effectually
force or wash all excrement, paper or other contents out through the trap. Also
the water cistein may be removed from one position to another, without breaking
joint with soil pipe, still keeping by adjusting the flushing rim, the water inlet iu
the same vertical line as supply pipe from such cistern.
I also make the total height of basin and flushing rim much lower than as at
present general, bringing the surface of the water nearer to the anus in the act of
stooling thus preventing splashing and directing the excrement more into the centre
of water surface than possible in a higher closet. Modifications in the parts described
may be made without departing from the spirit of this invention.
Dated this 28th day of April 1894.

page_text: I, CHARLES JAMES JONES late of 28 Cumberland Park, Willesden, but now
of 138 Manor Park Road, Harlesden, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in or relating to water closets and chiefly
to those with basins made of earthenware.
Water closet basins as generally constructed have, in most cases,
basin proper,
flushing rim, and trap all in one, the inlet nozzle to flushing rim and outgo from
trap being, by this construction, in one vertical line, or nearly so, at the rear of
the basin.
This construction is subject to several great defects, for instance :-In some
positions it would entail far less labour in fixing the closet if the connection from
the trap outgo to the soil pipe could be at either side of the basin instead of at the
back, which by the above construction is not possible; also with the basin con-
structed as before mentioned the only proper position for the water cistern is in the
same vertical line with the trap outgo and flushing rim inlet nozzle, at the back of
the closet, but in numerous cases the position of the closet forbids this and the
cistern is placed at either side or in some other more convenient but unsuitable
position, the supply pipe to the flushing rim inlet being brought down by means
of sundry elbows and bends; this not only entails more expense and labour in
fixing but diminishes the force and perverts the direction of the flush, and if, as
sometimes occurs, the supply pipe at any point between the cistern and flushing
rim drops below the level of rim inlet it will, if the cistern be of a syphon action
as is commonly the case, impair its efficiency.
By my invention I overcome these difficulties and further improve the basin as
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying illustrative
drawings in which,
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section, aud Fig. 2 a transverse section of my improved
closet basin.
Fig. 3 shows a plan, partly in section, of the loose flushing rim hereinafter
described.
Figures 4, 5, and 6 are similar views to Figures 1, 2, and 3 respectively, showing
a modified construction.
Figures 7, 8, and 9 are also similar views to Figures 1, 2, and 3 respectively,
showing a further modified construction.
In the drawings like parts have in each figure similar letters of reference.
Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, A is the basin proper, made preferably in one
with the trap, and of such a shape internally as to create a greater depth of water
at the outgo or sealing point and from thence to gradually decrease in depth to the
side opposite to such point, by this form is gained the advantages of a valve closet
without additional water. The upper part of basin is of circular form in plan and
formed with a recess or seating A¹.
B is the flushing rim which is seperate to the basin proper A and adjustable
thereto. It is hollow and of circular form in plan and is provided externally with
a water inlet nozzle B. The lower edge of the external side of the flushing rim
is provided with a ridge or facing B' adapted to snugly fit in the recess or
seating A' in the upper part of the basin A and to be cemented thereto by means
of any suitable cement.
To cause the greatest force of water to be directed to the basin outgo, upon
flushing, irrespective of position of said outgo or water inlet, the internal side of

page_text: the rim B projects when the said rim is placed upon the basin, into the basin.
The lower edge B of this internal side is concentric to the closet basin internally
and extends almost to the nominal level of the water therein. The external
surface of this projecting side, and internal surface of the basin, and hollow of
flushing rim B thus form a chamber C for the water from inlet nozzle B¹ on rim.
The upper internal edge of the basin A, above the outgo and close to the
junction of rim and basin, is provided with an inwardly projecting rib or flange A'
extending about two-thirds around the interior of basin and projecting sufficiently
to almost touch the downwardly projecting side of rim B, thereby entirely or very
nearly blocking the flow of water from the chamber C at this part and so causing
the bulk of the water to travel around the chamber C to that part where it has
free exit, which, will be seen, is directly opposite to the trap outgo.
A number of small holes B extending around the upper part of the rim Bon
the inside serve to keep the downwardly projecting side of rim clean by allowing
upon flushing a small quantity of water to flush down into basin, without materially
decreasing the bulk of the water.
In the modification shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6, both the lower edges B' of the
external and internal sides of flushing rim are adapted to fit suitable seatings A'
formed on the top edge of closet basin proper A, the space between such seatings
forming with the hollow of flushing rim B a chamber C for the water from inlet
nozzle B¹. Over the outgo of closet basin this chamber is closed excepting for a
row of small holes A³ which allow, upon flushing, a small quantity of water to flush
down and so keep that side of closet basin clean, but at a point upon or almost
upon the nominal water level open to the basin at the part opposite to the trap
outgo. Where open to closet the chamber C is divided into a series of channels
by means of a suitable number of vertical ribs A by which means the water is
divided into a number of seperate streams, the more effectually to free the basin
from its contents. The ribs A' also serve to strengthen the basin. By varying
the pitch or distance apart of these ribs the greatest quantity of water is directed
to the trap outgo.
In the further modified construction shown in Figures 7, 8, and 9 the rim B is
provided with two suitable ridges B2 at right angles to each other, adapted to fit
suitable recesses or seatings A' formed in the upper part of the basin A. The
water chamber C is formed half by a hollow around the upper part of the external
side of the basiu A and half by the hollow rim B, holes As being provided in the
upper part of the basin A over the outgo, as in the previous arrangements also an
elongated slot A directly opposite the outgo for the purposes of keeping the
basin clean and directing the greatest quantity of water to the trap outgo
respectively.
By the constructions described it will be seen that the trap outgo may be either
at the back of closet or any other required position to suit the soil pipe or for
convenience in connection, while the flushing rim may have its water inlet nozzle
either directly over the trap or at any suitable or convenient angle, in a horizontal
plane, thereto, to suit the position of the water cistern, in either case the con-
struction is such as to cause the greatest quantity of water to be directed to the
trap or basin outgo.
I also make the total height of basin and rim much lower than as at present
general, bringing the surface of the water nearer to the anus in the act of stooling
thus preventing splashing and directing the excrement more into the centre of the
water surface than possible in a higher closet.
By my invention much labour will be saved in fixing water closet basins, also
the inlet nozzle of flushing rim can be always in a line with the supply pipe from
water cistern thereby allowing the whole weight of the water to fall into the basin
and by the construction or form of basin be directed with considerable force at
such a point opposite to the outgo as to effectually force or wash the contents of
the basin out through the trap. Also with a water closet constructed according to
my invention the water cistern can be moved from any one to any other position

page_text: without breaking joint with the soil pipe, yet still to keep, as the flushing rim is
adjustable, the water inlet nozzle in the same line with supply pipe from such
cistern.
Modifications in the parts described may be made without departing from the
spirit of this invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In water closets, constructing the flushing rim seperate from the basin proper
and of such a form as to be adjustable thereto.
II. In water closets, constructing the flushing rim seperate from the basin proper
and of such a form as to be adjustable thereto, the basin being provided with means
whereby the bulk of the water upon flushing is directed to the basin outgo
independently of the position of said outgo in relation to the position of the water
inlet on flushing rim.
III. The improved water closet constructed as described with reference to,
and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the drawings forming part of this.
Specification.
IV. The improved water closet constructed as described with reference to
and illustrated by Figures 4, 5, and 6 of the drawings forming part of this
Specification.
V. The improved water closet as described with reference to and illustrated by
Figures 7, 8, and 9 of the drawings forming part of this Specification.
Dated this 26th day of February 1895.
CHARLES JAMES JONES.