IMPROVEMENTS. IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FRAMES SUITABLE FOR CONTAINING PHOTOGRAPHIC AND OTHER PORTRAITS AND PICTURES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Brown, of Edgar Place, James Street, Mile
End, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS.
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FRAMES SUITABLE FOR CONTAINING PHOTOGRAPHIC
AND OTHER PORTRAITS AND PICTURES."
Sealed the 9th August 1861, and dated the 18th February 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Brown at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th February 1861.
I, WILLIAM BROWN, of Edgar Place, James Street, Milo End, in the.
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FRAMES SUITABLE FOR CONTAINING
PHOTOGRAPHIC AND OTHER PORTRAITS AND PICTURES," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in making the said frames whole or entire from
clay, by preference from that kind known as pipe clay, which is capable of
receiving a very sharp impression of the mould. The clay is taken in a moist
state, and is forced into metal moulds to give it the desired shape and pattern;
and in order to give strength to the said frames and sharpness to the
impressions, the moulds are placed in a press, and the clay in them subjected
to a great pressure. The frames are taken from the moulds and burnt in an
oven to give them the necessary hardness, after which they may be gilded in
the ordinary manner. Frames manufactured as above described can be
produced at a cost considerably less than heretofore.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th August 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BROWN, of Edgar Place, James Street, Milo End, in the County of Middlesex,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Brown, Her special licence that I, the said William
Brown, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Brown, my exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain.
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-"
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FRAMES SUITABLE FOR CONTAINING PHOTO-
GRAPHIC AND OTHER PORTRAITS AND PICTURES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Brown, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Brown, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment:-
My said improvements consist in making the said frames whole or entire
from clay, and by preference I use that kind of clay used in the making of
tobacco pipes, and known as pipe clay; but compounds of clay and other
substances which are capable of receiving a very sharp impression of the
mould may be used. The clay is taken in a moist state, and is forced into a
mould to give it the desired shape and pattern. The said mould should be
slightly oiled on the inside, and the back of the clay should be covered with a
tin plate, to which the clay will adhere and facilitate the withdrawal of the
frame from the mould. The moulds when filled are subjected to pressure in a

page_text: suitable press, to give strength to the frames and sharpness to the impression;
after leaving the press the frames are removed from the moulds and placed in
a kiln and burnt to give them the necessary hardness, after which they may
be gilded, or otherwise ornamented as desired.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above
in part recited Letters Patent I claim, the use of clay, or of clay in com-
bination with other substances in the making of frames suitable for containing
photographic and other portraits and pictures, in the manner as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Brown, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventh day of August, in the year of our Lord Ono
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
5 Witness,
W. II. BATEMAN,
71, Fleet Street, London.
WILLIAM BROWN. (LS.)