Improvements in Dynamo Electric Generators and Motors.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Mar., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 17th Dec., 1898-Accepted, 11th Mar., 1899
•
Improvements in Dynamo Electric Generators and Motors.
We, CLAUDE WILLIAM ATKINSON, of Woodland, Place, Penarth, in the County
of Glamorgan, Civil Engineer, and WILLIAM HENRY JOHNSON, of 26, Lever Street,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows;
-
Our invention relates to dynamo electric generators and motors and has for its
object the construction and arrangement of such machines whereby the cost of
manufacture may be reduced.
According to our invention we form the field magnets upon the inner surface
of a hollow spherical casting which forms the frame of the machine, and we
support this spherical frame in a base plate having a recess in the top surface
either spherical in shape or having a suitable number of projections the surfaces
of which surfaces are upon the surface of a sphere of equal radius to the outside
of the frame. At one end of that diameter of the sphere which is perpendicular
to the plane of the magnet bars, we form a pocket in which is supported one of
the bearings for the shaft and this pocket encloses the bearing and also formis a
receptacle for oil. At the opposite end of the same diameter we form a cylin-
drical projection which is bored out to the same diameter as the faces of the
magnet bars or poles, and into this cylindrical projection we fit a cylindrical cast-
ing adapted to carry the bearing for supporting the shaft and provided with a
receptacle for containing oil.
The magnet coils for magnetising the said poles are wound upon thin metal
formers or bobbins, and we form the ends of these formers, of thin metal stampings
having projecting corrugations formed on their surfaces, we fix the coils in posi-
tion by means of wedges of non-magnetic metal driven in between the surfaces
of two adjacent poles, and when these wedges are forced into position the said
corrugations in the end plates of the magnet formers are partly flattened, the
amount of flattening depending upon the length of the magnet pole, and in this
way we are able to hold the coil firmly without having to tool any of the surfaces
of the magnet. The ends of the wires of the said coil are brought out in some
of the corrugations in the end plates of the former which are not depressed by the
said wedges. We form terminals for the magnet coils by casting suitable recesses
on the inner surface of the spherical casing into which insulating tubes of porce-
lain or other suitable material are fastened by means of type metal or other suit-
able metal or cement inserted therein and the terminal blocks are held in the
insulating tubes in a similar manner.
Circular openings are cast in the spherical casing to allow of inspection of the
brushes and interior of the machine and these openings may be closed by plates
of metal or wire gauze, either permanently fixed or capable of being removed.
The core of the armature is built of laminated plates of iron in the usual way,
and to fix this core on the shaft and to prevent it moving parallel to the axis
of the shaft, we turn a groove in the shaft at either end of the said core, and we
fit over the shaft thin tubes of brass or other suitable metal, having flanges at

page_text: both ends, and when these tubes have been forced up into position, we lock them
by rolling down corrugations into the said grooves in the shaft, and we fix the
commutator on the shaft in the same way.
The winding on the armature is of the
drum type and the end connections
of the coils are carried round the ends of the armature upon cylindrical thin metal
stampings or spinnings.
The commutator is built up of segments of metal insulated from one another,
having their ends cut square or approximately square, and these fit down closely
between the flanges at the ends of a cylindrical sleeve fitted on to the shaft.
This cylindrical sleeve is made of suitable insulating material moulded to the
required shape, having grooves formed on its outer surface parallel to its axis
of section and the segments of the commutator have their inner edges made of
V shape to fit into these ✓ grooves.
The segments are held in position by means of cylindrical rings of insulating
material slipped over their outer surfaces at either end. These rings are split
parallel to their axes, and are clamped tightly down onto the segments by means
of coned metal rings screwed on, having threads cut on their inner surfaces to
fit similar threads formed on the outer surfaces of the said insulating rings.
The wires from the armature are brought down to the commutator through
holes in the above mentioned cylindrical stampings and are attached to projec-
tions on the segments between the said clamping ring and the core of the arma-
ture. And when they have been attached to the commutator, a thin metal stamp-
ing is fitted over the said clamping ring which also fits into the cylindrical
stamping carrying the end windings of the armature, and in this way the con-
necting wires are enclosed and protected.
We carry the brush holders on metal supports, to which they are pivotally
attached, these metal supports are fixed in insulating tubes of porcelain or other
suitable material by means of type metal or other suitable cement, the said
insulating tubes being cemented into the cylindrical casting carrying the bearing
previously described. These brush supports are caused to make contact with the
magnet terminals when the cylindrical casting carrying them is pushed into posi-
tion. The said insulating tubes have their axes parallel to the axis of the machine
and the stems of the brush supports which are cemented into these tubes pass
right through them and project into a recess formed in the said cylindrical
bearing casting, and here form the terminals of the machine to which wires are
attached.
The number of brush supports is one more than the number of pairs of poles in
the machine as by making this number, a separate terminal is obtained for one
of the magnet connections and the connection of the machine for revolving in
either direction is facilitated.
FELL & JAMES,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.
VUDL ДМТУДM DI ВОДА
Improvements in Dynamo Electric Generators and Motors.
We, CLAUDE WILLIAM ATKINSON, of Woodland Place, Penarth, in the County
of Glamorgan, Civil Engineer, and WILLIAM HENRY JOHNSON, of 26, Lever Street,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
Our invention relates to dynamo electric generators and motors and has for its

page_text: object the construction and arrangement of such machines whereby the cost of
manufacture may be reduced.
In order that our invention may be the better understood, we will now proceed
to describe the same in relation to the accompanying drawings hereunto annexed,
reference being had to the letters and figures marked thereon. Like letters refer
to like parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a machine according to our invention.
Fig. 2 is a part sectional end elevation of the same.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the same.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a part of the casing showing the device for the
reception of the end of the magnet coils.
Fig. 5 is a view showing a modified form of foundation and fastening devices to
admit of adjustment through a wide range.
Fig. 6 is a view of the brush holders and contact device for connecting up the
magnet circuits.
According to our invention we form the field magnets A upon the inner sur-
face of a hollow spherical casting B which forms the frame of the machine and
we support this spherical frame B in a base plate having a recess in the top
surface either spherical in shape or having a suitable number of projections D the
surfaces of which are upon the surface of a sphere of equal radius to the outside
of the frame B. At one end of that diameter of the sphere which is perpendicular
to the plane of the magnet bars A we form a pocket E in which is supported
one of the hearings F for the shaft G and this pocket encloses the bearing and
also forms a receptacle H for oil. At the opposite end of the same diameter we
form a cylindrical projection J which is bored out to the same diameter as the
faces of the magnet bars or poles A and into this cylindrical projection J we fit a
cylindrical casting K adapted to carry the other bearing F for supporting the
shaft G and provided with a receptacle H' for containing oil.
The magnet coils L for magnetising the poles A are wound upon thin metal
formers or bobbins M and we form the ends of these formers of thin metal stamp-
ings having projecting corrugations N formed on their surfaces, we fix the coils
in position by means of wedges () of non-magnetic metal driven in between the
surfaces of two adjacent poles A and when these wedges are forced into position
the said corrugations N in the end plates of the magnet formers M are partly
flattened the amount of flattening depending upon the length of the magnet pole A
and in this way we are able to hold the coil firmly without having to tool any
of the surfaces of the magnet. The ends of the wires of the said coil are brought
out in some of the corrugations N in the end plates of the former which are not
depressed by the said wedges. We form terminals P₁ for the magnet coils by
casting suitable lugs or recesses P on the inner surface of the spherical casing B
into which insulating tubes 7 of porcelain or other suitable material are fastened
by means of type metal or other suitable metal or cement inserted therein
and the terminal blocks P are held in the insulating tubes in a similar manner
by means of the type metal or other equivalent material 12. These blocks Pi
carry each a sliding spring pressed contact piece P3 which is adapted to make
contact with the brush holders.
Circular openings are cast in the spherical casing to allow of inspection of the
brushes and interior of the machine and these openings may be closed by plates Q
of glass metal or wire gauze or other suitable material either permanently fixed
or capable of being removed.
The core of the armature R is built of laminated plates S of iron in the usual
way and to fix this core on the shaft G and to prevent it moving parallel to the
axis of the shaft we turn a groove T in the shaft G at either end of the said core
and we fit over the shaft thin tubes of brass or other suitable metal having
flanges at both ends and when the tubes have been forced up into position we
lock them by rolling down corrugations into the said grooves T in the shaft and
we fix the commutator V on the shaft in the same way by the sleeve U¹.

page_text: The winding in the armature is of the drum type and the end connections of the
coils are carried round the ends of the armature upon cylindrical thin metal
stampings or spinnings W. The commutator is built up of segments of
metal Winsulated from one another having their ends cut square or approxi-
mately square and these fit down closely between the flanges I at the ends of a
cylindrical sleeve i fitted onto the shaft G.
The cylindrical sleeve Y is made of suitable insulating material moulded to
the required shape having grooves formed on its outer surface parallel to its axis
of V section and the segments W of the commutator have their inner edges made
of shape to fit into these V grooves.
The segments are held in position by means of cylindrical rings Z of insulating
material slipped over their outer surfaces at either end. These rings are split
parallel to their axes and are clamped tightly down on to the segments by means
of coned metal rings a screwed on having threads cut on their inner surfaces to
fit similar threads formed on the outer surfaces of the said insulating rings Z.
The wires from the armature are brought down to the commutator through
holes in the above mentioned cylindrical stampings W and are attached to pro-
jections 6 on the segments W between one of the said clamping rings and the
core of the armature R and when they have been attached to the commutator V a
thin metal stamping C is fitted over the said clamping ring Z which also fits into
the cylindrical stamping W carrying the end windings of the armature and in this
way the connecting wires are enclosed and protected.
We carry the brush holders d on metal supports e to which they are pivotally
attached, these metal supports e are fixed in insulating tubes f of porcelain or
other suitable material by means of type metal y or other suitable cement, the
said insulating tubes f being cemented into the cylindrical casting I carrying
the bearings. These brush supports e are caused to make contact with the
magnet terminals P when the cylindrical casting K carrying them is pushed
into position as shown in Figure 6. The insulating tubes f have their axes parallel
to the axis in the machine and the stems of the brush supports which are cemented
into these tubes pass right through them and project into a recess formed in
the cylindrical bearing casting K and here form the terminals h of the machine
to which wires are attached.
The number of brush supports is one more than the number of pairs of poles in
the machine as by making this number a separate terminal is obtained for one
of the magnet connections and the connection of the machine for revolving in
either direction is facilitated.
It will be seen that by use of the spherical casing and seat the machine can be
stood on the floor or hung from the coiling or from the face of a vertical. wall and
can be adjusted in any position about the axis of the fastening bolt . If adjust-
ment is required in any other direction we form the seat or foundation with a
spherical surface and arrange a spherically seated washer m to co-act therewith,
the hole through the casing being made large enough to obtain adjustment of the
axis of the bolt relative to the foundation or seat through a convenient range.
Although we have shown the machine with four poles we do not limit ourselves
to this number.
And we may if desired make both bearings detachable from the spherical casing
instead of only one as described.
We may also use any other kind of commutator or armature than that described
with the rest of our invention, if we so desire to do.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is: :-
1st. In a dynamo electric generator or motor, a spherical casing carrying the
field magnets and bearings for the shaft in combination with a seat or foundation
having the surfaces supporting or locking the said casing formed as portions of a

page_text: sphere struck from the centre of the casing and means for adjusting and fixing
the said casing upon the said seat substantially as described.
2nd. In a dynamo electric generator or motor the arrangement of the field
magnet upon formers compressible end plates having corrugations therein and
clamping devices adapted to compress the said end plates and maintain the
magnet coils in position upon the poles substantially as and for the purpose
described.
3rd. In a dynamo electric generator or motor the arrangement of the terminals
of the field magnet coils coacting with contacts upon the brush carriers substanti-
ally as described and illustrated in and by the accompanying drawings.
4th. In a dynamo electric generator or motor the means for fixing of the arma-
ture parts upon the shaft consisting of the formation of grooves in the said shaft
and the rolling in of a portion of metal sleeves placed about the shaft into the
said grooves to form collars of metal engaging therewith substantially as described.
5th. In a dynamo electric generator or motor the specific construction of com-
mutator, substantially as described in and by the accompanying drawings.
6th. In a dynamo electric generator or motor the arrangement and construction
of enclosing devices for the armature coils substantially as described and illustrated
in and by the accompanying drawings.
7th. In a dynamo electric generator or motor the arrangement for holding the
brush supports substantially as described and illustrated in and by the accompany-
ing drawings.
Sth. The general arrangement and construction of a dynamo electric generator
or motor, substantially as described and illustrated in and by the accompanying
drawings.
ד
1 1 1.1
1711
Tacamber 1898
FELL & JAMES,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.