Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 2nd Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 2nd Sept., 1887.
We, JOHN HOWIE of Hurlford in the County of Ayr, Fireclay Manufacturer, and
THOMAS GROVES of Hurlford, aforesaid Bricklayer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention which has for its object improvements in open kilns is applicable to
rectangular, circular or other formation of such kilns, and it relates to an improved
arrangement of flues or passages whereby the heat of the gaseous products of com-
bustion is conserved or utilized in the firing of the articles contained in the kiln to a
greater extent than hitherto.
In constructing a square or other rectangular kiln according to this invention there
is made under the flooring which is composed of tiles, slabs or blocks preferably
removable, a central flue running the length of the kiln and subdivided into two parts
by a wall or partition extending through the centre of it. From about the middle of
both parts of this centre flue a vertical or other passage extends downwards to another
flue underneath, the lower flue being in communication with a chimney or other
source of draught.
At the outer sides of the kiln flues are also built underneath the floor these being
parallel to the central flue and in the floor of the kiln openings are made leading into
these side flues. From the side flues to each division of the centre flue covered cross
flues extend and the flame and other products of combustion after acting directly
upon the bricks or other materials to he fired and contained in the kiln pass through
the openings in the flooring into the side flues, thence through the cross flues into the
centre flue, thence through the vertical or other passage to the flue underneath by
which they are conducted to the chimney. In so passing through these flues the
products of combustion impart heat to the tiles slabs or blocks constituting the bottom
[Prins 871

page_text: of the kiln from whence the heat is radiated to the material being burned or fired and
a considerable saving of fuel is thereby effected.
In adapting the invention to circular or like kilns a flue is made underneath the
flooring preferably concentric with the circumference, and holes or openings are
formed in the flooring leading into the said flue from whence a series of covered flues
radiate to the vertical or other passage beneath the flooring and communicating with
the under flue or passage leading to the chimney or other source of draught.
Doted this Twentyninth dov of October 1886
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Agents.

page_text: We, JOHN HOWIE of Hurlford in the County of Ayr, Fireclay Manufacturer, and
THOMAS GROVES of Hurlford, aforesaid, Bricklayer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention which has for its object improvements in rectangular, circular or
other formation of open kilns relates to an improved arrangement of flues or passages
whereby the heat of the gaseous products of combustion is conserved or utilized in the
firing of the articles contained in the kiln to a greater extent than hitherto.
On the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a horizontal section below the floor
level and figure 2 a similar section above the said level of a rectangular open kiln
arranged on the principle of this invention. In constructing such a kiln there is
made under the flooring A, which is composed of tiles, slabs or blocks, preferably
removable, a central flue B extending parallel to the length of the kiln and which is
subdivided into two parts by a wall or partition C, running through the centre of it
and extending downwards from the flooring A, to the bottom of the flue. At or
about the middle of both parts of this centre flue B a vertical or other passage D
extends downwards to another flue underneath the bottom of the flue B, the lower flue
passing either towards the side or end of the kiln into communication with a chimney
or other source of draught.
At the sides of the kiln openings E are made which openings may either be within
the walls or as indicated at E¹ they may be wholly or partially underneath them.
These openings, of which any desired number in the breadth of the flue may be
provided, communicate with cross flues F, which are covered by the flooring A, and
extend to the flues D, the flame and other products of combustion from the fire grates
or furnaces G, after acting directly upon the bricks or other materials to be fired and
contained in the kiln, passing through the openings E into the flues F, thence into
the centre flues B, and thence through the vertical or other passage D, by which they
are conducted to the chimney. In so passing through these flues the products of
combustion impart. heat to the tiles slabs or blocks constituting the bottom A of
the kiln from whence the heat is radiated to the materials being burned or fired
with the advantages that the said materials are all thoroughly and evenly burned
and that a considerable saving in the fuel employed is effected.
In adapting the invention to circular or like kilns a flue is made underneath the
flooring, preferably concentric with and near the circumference, and holes or openings
as at E figure 2 are made around the inner circumference and leading into the said
concentric flue from whence a series of covered flues equivalent to the flues F,
figure 1 radiate to the central vertical or other passage D, beneath the flooring and
communicating with the under flue or passage leading to the chimney or other source
of draught.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :—
1. In a rectangular or like formation of open kiln the arrangement of flues sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described with reference to figures 1 and 2 of the appended
drawings and whereby a saving of fuel and a more uniform burning of the articles
contained in the kiln are effected.
2. In a circular or like formation of open kiln the arrangement of flues substantially
as hereinbefore described and whereby a saving of fuel and a more uniform burning of
the articles contained in the kiln are effected.