AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING WINE AND OTHER FERMENTABLE LIQUIDS, PART OF SUCH APPARATUS: BEING APPLICABLE TOOTHER
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edmond Philibert Jean Louis Terrel (des Chénes),
of Villié-Morgon, in the Empire of France, Vine Grower, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING WINE AND OTHER
FERMENTABLE LIQUIDS, PART OF SUCH APPARATUS: BEING APPLICABLE TO OTHER
Sealed the 1st December 1868; and dated the 10th June 1868..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edmond Philibert Jean:
Louis Terrel (des Chénes) at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th June 1868.
I, EDMOND PHILIBERT JEAN LOUIS TERREL (DES ОHENES); of Villié-.
Morgon, in the Empire of France, Vine Grower, do hereby, déclare the:
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING
WINE AND OTHER FERMENTABLE LIQUIDS, PART. or SUCH APPARATUS BEING.
APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows, that is to say:
My Invention consists in an improved apparatus for heating wines™
and other fermentable liquids for bottles and' for. casks in a. more
immediate and effectual manner than hitherto effected, and in an;

page_text: improved joint or union for pipes employed therewith, which joint is
also applicable to pipes for other purposes..
The apparatus consists of a vessel or chamber for containing water
heated by a furnace and by which water the wine is heated; this
chamber is provided with a stop-cock for drawing off the water. Above
the furnace is placed the cask containing the wine to be heated; the
wine passes by means of a pipe from the cask through the cover of
the furnace into a worm formed of small tubes in the heating chamber,
and being heated by the hot water bath it is carried by a flexible pipe
provided with a thermometer into the cooling apparatus, which consists.
of a vessel filled with water at the ordinary temperature and which is
renewed so as to preserve the necessary degree of coolness; in this
vessel is a worm also formed of small tubes, the wine brought by
the flexible tube from the worm in the heating chamber passes
through the cooling worm and is there reduced to the required tem-
perature for bottling, when it is drawn off through a stop-cock with
which the cooling apparatus is provided into the bottles. The circulation
of the wine in the worms is rendered more or less rapid, and con-
sequently its temperature is regulated by means of the stop-cock for the
exit of the wine.
When the wine is to be transferred from one cask to another it is
heated by a current of steam instead of a bath of hot water as in the
case of wine for bottling, the steam passes parallel to the current of wine,
which is distributed in a number of small tubes suitably arranged, which
are bathed by the steam, this steam may be utilized for assisting in the
propelling or elevation of the wine from and to different places as
required. These operations are effected without contact with the
external air.
The improved joint consists of a collar of india-rubber formed on the
junction ends of the flexible tubes, which collars are pressed together by
the two parts of the metallic screw joint with which the tube is provided
and forms an air-tight joint.
The above described apparatus it also applicable to other fermentable
liquids than wine and in a similar manner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edmond Philibert Jean Louis Terrel (des Chénes)
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th December 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDMOND
PHILIBERT JEAN LOUIS TERREL (DES CHÈNES), of Villié-Morgon, in the
Empire of France, Vine Grower, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of Junc, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Edmond Philibert Louis Terrel (des
Chènes), Her special licence that I, the said Edmond Philibert Jean
Louis Terrel (des Chènes), my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Edmond Philibert Jean Louis Terrel (des Chènes),
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR HEATING WINE AND OTHER FERMENTABLE LIQUIDS, PART OF
SUCH APPARATUS BEING APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Edmond Philibert Jean Louis
Terrel (des Chènes), executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edmond Philibert Jean Louis
Terrel (des Chènes), do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the Drawing hereto annexed, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon, that is to say:-

page_text: The object of my Invention is the heating of wines and other
. fermentable liquids to preserve them from decay and keep them in
good condition.
My Invention consists in an improved apparatus for heating wines
and other fermentable liquids for bottles and for casks in a more
immediate and effectual manner than hitherto effected, and in an
improved joint or union for pipes employed therewith, which joint is
also applicable to pipes for other purposes..
To make my Invention better understood, I will now proceed to
describe the same by reference to the accompanying Drawing, and I
will first describe the arrangement of apparatus for heating fermentable
liquids in casks, shewn in Figure 1. A is the cask containing the
fermentable liquid to be heated; B, B', flexible pipes screwed on at
one end by means of unions to the cocks a, a', and at the other end
to the copper pieces G, G, fixed to the cylindrical box E serving to
-contain the worm, these pieces shewn in section at Figure 3 on an
enlarged scale are each provided with openings H, H', for allowing
the inlet and outlet of the liquid I, I, openings which receive plates
which are perforated with holes shewn at L, L', Figure 2; J, inlet,
and J outlet of the jet of steam entering through the flexible pipe F
and egressing through the flexible pipe F¹; D, worm consisting of forty
tin tubes about a quarter of an inch in external diameter, and about
one-seventh of an inch in internal diameter; these tubes are enclosed
in a copper pipe of about three inches in diameter, which forms one
with them, and passes with them one and a half times round the
cylindrical box E as shewn, the entire length of this worm is about
:six feet ten inches; E, cylindrical sheet iron box containing the worma D
about one foot in height, and about one foot seven inches in internal
diameter. F, F, flexible pipes for the inlet and outlet of the jet of
steam which is supplied either by the steam engines employed in
neighboring workshops, or by a small moveable steam boiler placed
outside the place where the heating operation is carried on; R, the
cask for receiving the heated liquid; H, H', openings in the copper
pieces G, G', in which are fixed the plates represented in Figure 4;
I, I', openings in the copper pieces G, G, in which the plates L, L',
Figure 2 are placed; J, J, openings in the copper pieces G, G', without
plates for the inlet and outlet of the steam; K, thermometer placed in
an india-rubber stopper which is inserted in a hole made to receive

page_text: it in the cock o, as shewn; L, L', Figure 2, copper plates having forty
holes about a quarter of an inch in diameter and forty holes about
one-fifth of an inch in diameter, the large holes are for receiving
the tin tubes of the worm, the small holes are free and give passage
to the steam. These plates, of which there are six in number, in
the worm are fixed at I, I', and are also soldered to the copper
casing of the worm, and serve to keep a regular interval between the
forty tubes, and an equal distribution of the steam round these
pipes. M, M', Figure 4, copper plates perforated with forty holes about
one quarter of an inch in diameter placed and soldered at H, H', of
the copper pieces G, G', and receive the extremities of the forty pipes
or tubes of the worm D; N, N¹, Figure 2, holes by which I fix by
means of screw nuts the copper pieces G, G¹, to the cylindrical box E;
O, key of the cock a¹ for regulating the flow of the liquid; P, cock of
the piece G. Figure 2, shews the copper pieces G, G, in front view and
at the part where they are fixed to the cylindrical box E with the
plates L, L', in position. The quarter of an inch holes receive the tubes
of the worm, the one-fifth of an inch holes alternating with the former
holes give passage to the steam.
Figure 3 is a vertical section of one of the copper pieces G, G', in the
position they occupy in the box E. These two pieces are similar
except that one is provided with a cock and the other is not.
Figure 4 represents the copper plates fixed in the pieces G, G', at
the part opposite to that by which they are fixed to the box E. The
forty holes are all about one quarter of an inch in diameter, and the
extremities of the tubes of the worm are soldered to them air-tight.
When the flexible tubes with the improved unions herein-after described
are cach set in their places, videlicet, applied to the cask containing the
liquid and to the steam inlet, the cock P for the ingress of the steam
is first opened, then the cock a for the outlet of the liquid to be heated.
The two currents run forward and meet in the picce G, the liquid is
then divided into forty small currents in the tin tubes, the steam passes
through the free openings of the plate L, L', placed at I. Both currents
run parallel, the steam enveloping the tubes and heating them in the
worm D. The liquid egresses heated at H' from the piece G³, passing
along the flexible tube B', and passes the thermometer K, where it marks
the degree of heat, and it then falls into the cask R placed there to
receive it. The steam at its egress at J' of the pieces G is carried by

page_text: the flexible pipe F' into a receiver in which it deposits the water of
condensation. If there should be any steam in excess it may be employed
for carrying the liquid if required to different distances or elevations.
For heating wines for bottling I employ the arrangement of apparatus
shewn in elevation in Figure 5, and in section at Figure 6 of the accom-
panying Drawing. For wine to be bottled the heating is effected by a hot
water bath, and the wine on leaving the hot bath passes through a cold
bath in which it is reduced from fifty degrees Centigrade to twenty-five
degrees Centigrade or thereabouts, that is to say, to a temperature which
will allow it to be corked up, sealed, and placed on the shelves without
loss of time or useless manipulation. A is the cask containing the wine to
be heated and put in bottles; B, heating chamber enclosed in a furnace C,
and consists of a closed chamber filled with water introduced through
the upper pipe b, and which is drawn off by the cock '; C furnace
heated by any suitable fuel, and surrounding the chamber B; the fuel
is introduced by raising the cap of the chimney c to facilitate the
removal of the furnace; it is provided with two rings in which moveable
handles D, D, are placed; E, worm for the circulation of the wine in
the heating chamber B, and consisting of pipes forming one or several
spirals extending from the external tube e to the tube e passing
through the chamber B; G, thermometer placed at the egress of the
chamber B; H, cooler consisting of a chamber filled with water at the
ordinary temperature introduced as required through the pipe p and
egressing at p¹. I', flexible pipe communicating from the worm E to
the cooler H, where it communicates with the worm J in the cooler. H,
and develops a large surface and has at its extremity a cock j for
bottling; K, funnel for the introduction of water into the heating
chamber B, and having a square tube b to permit the egress of air and
vapours when it is placed in the round tube b. The heating chamber
being filled with water is heated to a suitable temperature, the cask and
worm E are put in communication by means of the flexible pipe I with
the improved joints, the wine circulates in the worm E surrounded by
hot water, is heated to a suitable temperature marked by the thermo-
meter G, then passes through the pipe I' into the worm J surrounded
with cold water which reduces it to the required temperature, and it is
then run off by the cock j into the bottles. The temperature of the
wine rises in proportion as the circulation slackens, thus allowing the
temperature to be varied by opening more or less the cock to increase

page_text: or lessen the speed of the circulation, the section of the pipes or series
of pipes is so calculated with their development as to produce the
necessary temperature. The cleaning of the pipes is effected by con-
necting the pipe I to the tube p' which then communicates with the
worm J, and causes the wet steam to pass through them and run off
through the cock j.
The improved joint for the flexible pipes is formed by each end of the
said pipes having a collar of india-rubber M, Figure 7, which being
pressed by the two parts of the metallic screw joint or union N forms
a water-tight joint. The heating, instead of being effected by a hot water
bath, may be effected by means of steam, as in the heating of liquids
in casks.
To carry out this improvement the worm is dispensed with in the
heating chamber B, which becomes a steam generator, the steam
escaping through the tube b. The steam then enters a worm similarly
constructed and provided with the same copper pieces as the worm D,
Figure 1, except that this latter has only four tin tubes instead of
forty. This worm is placed in the cap or cover of the furnace C, the
flexible pipe I', Figure 1, is fixed in the worm on the opposite end
to that of the ingress of the liquid and steam, and conducts the
liquid into the cooler H, and the remainder of the heating operation
takes place as in the heating of liquids for casks. The steam however
is not utilized, but is reduced to water and received in a vessel or
receiver.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that
I do not confine myself to the precise number of tubes or holes in the
plates nor to the dimensions herein set forth, as the same may be varied,
but what I claim is,-
Firstly. The arrangement and combination of apparatus for heating
wines and other fermentable liquids for casks, substantially in the
manner herein-before described and represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4,
of the accompanying Drawing..
Secondly. The arrangement and combination of apparatus for heating
wines and other fermentable liquids for bottling, as herein-before

page_text: described and represented in Figures 5 and 6 of the accompanying:
Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edmond Philibert Jean-Louis Terrel
(des Chènes), have hereto set my hand and scal, this Seventh
day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-eight.
E. TERREL DES CHENES. (L.S.)