CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MAGNESIUM AND ITS COMPOUNDS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Osborne Christian, F.C.S., of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Chemist, John Charlton, and Henry Charlton,
of Strangeways, in the same County, Finishers, for the Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MAGNESIUM AND ITS
COMPOUNDS."
Sealed the 1st August 1865, and dated the 17th February 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Osborne Christian,
John Charlton, and Henry Charlton at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 17th February 1865.
We, JOHN OSBORNE CHRISTIAN, F.C.S., of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Chemist, JOHN CHARLTON and HENRY CHARLTON, of Strangeways,
in the same County, Finishers, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MAGNESIUM AND
ITS COMPOUNDS," to be as follows:-
Our improvements consist, first, in the application and use of carbonate of
magnesia or "dolomite" (or a carbonate of magnesia combined with any
other carbonate) instead of carbonate of lime or other carbonates in the
generation of carbonic acid gas, such as for instance in the aerating of

page_text: waters or bread whereby we are enabled to manufacture sulphate of magnesia,
a useful product arising from the aforesaid chemical action, and also to
employ the gas arising in the conversion of the carbonate into the sulphate,
such residue being of use for the manufacture of maguesia and all its
compounds. In the use of lime for such purpose the elimination of the
carbonic acid gas is the chief object, and the refuse is of little value; the
feature in our Invention being to obtain the carbonic acid gas and leave a
residue of value, that is, sulphate of magnesia.
The second part of the improvements consists in the application and use of
magnesia or magnesian compounds instead of lime in the process of distilling
tar water, and in the manufacture of ammonia or its salts from any of the
salts of ammonia.
Our improvements consist, thirdly, in the manufacture of sulphate of magnesia
by passing sulphuretted hydrogen through "dolomite "or calcined "dolomite"
either in a wet or dry state, and afterwards oxidizing the product by ordinary
means which will leave sulphate of magnesia, for example in the purification
of coal gas "dolomite" may be employed instead of lime and a more valuable
residue will remain.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Osborne Christian, John Charlton, and Henry
Charlton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th August 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
OSBORNE CHRISTIAN, F.C.S., of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Chemist, JOHN CHARLTON and HENRY CHARLTON, of Strangeways, in the same
County, Finishers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by ller Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, IIer heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said John Osborne Christian, John Charlton, and Henry Charlton, Her
special license, that we, the said John Osborne Christian, John Charlton, and
Henry Charlton, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said John Osborne Christian, John Charlton, and Henry Charlton,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter, during the term

page_text: therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for " CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OP MAGNESIUM AND ITS COMPOUNDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said John Osborne Christian, John Charlton, and Henry Charlton,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
one of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.'
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Osborne Christian, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
Our improvements consist, first, in the application and use of carbonate
of magnesia or "dolomite" (or a carbonate of magnesia or "magnesite
combined with any other carbonate) instead of carbonate of lime or other
carbonates in the generation of carbonic acid gas such as for instance in the
nerating of waters or bread in the manufacture of carbonates, or for similar
purposes, whereby we are enabled to manufacture sulphate of magnesia, a
useful product arising from the aforesaid chemical action, or to obtain other
salts of magnesia, and also to employ the gas arising in the conversion of the
carbonates into the sulphate or other salts, such residuo being of use for the
manufacture of magnesia and all its compounds. In the use of lime for such
purpose the elimination of the carbonic acid gas is the chief object, and the
refuse is of little value, the feature in our Invention being to obtain the
carbonic acid gas and leave a residue of value, that is, sulphate of magnesia
or other salts of magnesia.
The second part of the improvements consist in the application and use of
magnesia or magnesian compounds instead of lime in the process of distilling
tar water, and in the manufacture of ammonia or its salts from any of the
salts of ammonia leaving valuable magnesian compounds as residue.
Our improvements consist, thirdly, in manufacturing sulphate of magnesia,
or other valuable magnesian residue by passing sulphuretted hydrogen through
"dolomite," or calcined "dolomite," or other magnesian compounds either in
a wet or dry state which will leave a residue valuable for the manufacture
of sulphate or other compounds of magnesin, for example, in the purification

page_text: of coal gas "dolomite" or other magnesian compounds may be employed
instead of lime, and a more valuable residue will remain.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Osborne Christian, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of August in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
JOHN OSBORNE CHRISTIAN. (L.s.)