IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Caleb Kilner, of Number Two, Grove Cottages,
Albion Grove, Islington, in the County of Middlesex, and George Kilner,
William Kilner, and John Kilner, of Thornhill Lees, near Dewsbury,
in the County of York, Glass Manufacturers, for the Invention of
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Caleb Kilner, George
Kilner, William Kilner, and John Kilner at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 19th November
. 1862.
We, CALEB KILNER, of Number 2, Grove Cottages, Albion Grove, Islington,
in the County of Middlesex, and. GEORGE KILNER, WILLIAM KILNER, and
JOHN KILNER, of Thornhill Lees, near Dewsbury, in the County of York,
Glass Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS," to be
as follows:
. In the manufacture of glass the melting furnaces used are generally supplied
with air from the "caves" or passages under the furnaces, and the fire-bars are
covered with limestone to prevent in some degree the intense heat of the fires

page_text: above corroding the bars. Our improvements consist in keeping these bars
cool by throwing upon them during the time of operating jets of water. For
this purpose the water is conveyed through suitable pipes in the "caves," and
by pressure forced through perforations or nipples in these pipes in jets on to
and between the bars, thus economizing the use of the fire-bars, dispensing
with and saving the expense of the limestone, and producing a more intense
heat in the furnace at a less cost of fuel by the vapour generated combining
with the air of the atmosphere which passes through the furnace fires.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Caleb Kilner, George Kilner, William Kilner, and John
Kilner in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th May 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CALEB
KILNER, of Number Two, Grove Cottages, Albion Grove, Islington, in the
County of Middlesex, and GEORGE KILNER, WILLIAM KILNER, and JOHN
KILNER, of Thornhill Lees, near Dewsbury, in the County of York, Glass
Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Caleb Kilner, George Kilner, William Kilner, and John Kilner,
Her special licence that we, the said Caleb Kilner, George Kilner, William
Kilner, and John Kilner, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Caleb Kilner, George Kilner, William Kilner, and
John Kilner, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS
OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Caleb Kilner, George Kilner, William Kilner, and
John Kilner, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us
or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the

page_text: same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Caleb Kilner, George Kilner, William
Kilner, and John Kilner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:
-
In the manufacture of glass the melting furnaces used are generally supplied
with air from the "caves" or passages under the furnaces, and the fire-bars are
covered with limestone to prevent in some degree the intense heat of the fires
above corroding the bars. Our improvements consist in keeping these bars
cool by throwing jets of water upon them during the time of operating. For
this purpose the water is conveyed through suitable pipes in the "caves" and
by pressure forced through perforations or nipples in these pipes in jets on to
and between the bars, thus economizing the use of the fire-bars, dispensing
with and saving the expense of the limestone, and producing a more intense
heat in the furnace at a less cost of fuel by the vapour generated combining
with the air of the atmosphere which passes through the furnace fires.
But that the improvements may be better understood we will, by the aid of
the accompanying Drawings, proceed to describe an arrangement which we
have found to answer in carrying the same into effect.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section, and Figure 2 a transverse section, of
a glass furnace arranged according to our Invention.
a, a, are the fire-bars supporting the fuel employed to heat glass contained
in the pots b, b, as is well understood. By the heat thus obtained the furnace
bars soon become destroyed, and the object of these improvements is to remedy
this evil by keeping the bars as cool as possible. For this purpose we conduct'
water from a suitable reservoir or otherwise, under pressure, into a pipe c,
which is provided with a series of jets or nipples c', adapted by their position
to conduct cold water on to the series of bars, as indicated, by which means
not only the bars but the air passing up between the bars to support com-
bustion will be kept cool.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and means which
we adopt in carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that
we do not confine ourselves to the position or number of the pipes of supply of
water, or of the number of jets for the direction of the water on to the bars, as
these details may be varied, but what we claim is the application of means

page_text: by which water in jets may be caused to flow on to the fire-bars of furnaces
employed in apparatus for the manufacture of glass, in manner and for the
purpose substantially as explained.
In witness whereof, we, the said Caleb Kilner, George Kilner, William
Kilner, and John Kilner, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Thirteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-three.
CALEB KILNER.
(L.S.)
GEORGE KILNER.
(L.B.)
WILLIAM KILNER. (L.S.)
JOHN KILNER.
(L.S.)
CALEB KILNER.
(L.s.)
GEORGE KILNER.
(L.B.)
WILLIAM KILNER. (L.S.)
JOHN KILNER. (L.S.)