An Improved Pulley Boss for Grasping Various Sizes of Shafts.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 13th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 22nd July, 1887.
RESERVE
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Pulley Boss for Grasping Various Sizes of Shafts.
THOMAS SUGDEN Engineer 29 Athol Road Manningham Bradford Yorks., do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The improvement consists of a Pulley Boss made of either Cast, Wrot-iron or
Steel or other metal, being so constructed as to allow any number of Jaws on the
inner or that side nearest the Shaft-the outer radius of these Jaws being struck from
a centre at a distance from the centre of Shaft forming an incline to the Pulley Rim
that when the Pulley or Pulley Boss is turned round the radius of Jaw on a radial
line of Pulley Rim or Boss-is reduced and the Shaft is grasped. The Jaws are made
of any kind of metal and are either grooved or plain on that part that clasps the
Shaft the outer edge has chiping slips or plain, the lateral motion is held by swell
or button.
A Key or Keys is wedged in between the Jaws & Pulley Boss after the Jaws are
pulled home.
THOMAS SUGDEN,
Engineer,
29, Athol Road, Manningham,
Bradford, Yorks.

page_text: An Improved Pulley Boss for Grasping Various Sizes of Shafts.
I, THOMAS SUGDEN of 29 Athol Road, Bradford in the county of York, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention has reference to the construction of a pulley or wheel boss or hub
whereby it can be readily fixed on shafts of varying sizes.
Hitherto, in many cases, it has been customary for the hubs or bosses of wheels or
pulleys to be bored out to the exact size of the shaft on which they are keyed or
secured and if at any future time they are required for use on shafts of another size,
the holes in the bosses have either to be enlarged or else packed until the hole fits the
shaft. Now my invention is designed to obviate this enlarging or packing of the hole
in the boss and to provide simple, ready, and effective mechanism or arrangement of
parts whereby one size of boss can be easily fixed to several sizes of shafts, by means
of a series of inclines or cams arranged or formed within the boss transversely to the
line of shafting so as to operate upon a number of inclined jaws which are made to
grasp the shaft in a longitudinal direction.
And in order that my invention may be more completely understood reference is
given to the accompanying drawings in which Figs. 1 and 2 are are respectively a
wrought and cast pulley or wheel with a portion of my invention applied. Fig. 3. an
elevation of a wheel or pulley boss or hub constructed according to my invention.
Fig. 4 a section on line x, c, Fig. 3. Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8 are respectively front and
end elevations of details of my invention.
Fig. 3 to 8 are drawn to a larger scale than Fig. 1 and 2. Similar parts in all the
views are marked with the same letters of reference.
A is the rim and B the arms of a wrought or cast iron pulley, both of which may
be of ordinary construction and attached to the boss or hub in the usual way. (is
the boss or hub of the pulley or wheel, D the retaining rings, and E the inclined jaws
(which are acted upon by cams or inclines to be hereafter described all of which parts
may be made of cast or wrought iron, or steel, or other suitable metal.
In the drawings the boss and retaining rings are shown made in two parts, as
I find this is the most convenient form for attaching them to shafts; and in order
not to confuse the drawings at Fig. 1 and 2 the inclines or cams c are only shown
applied to the hub or boss of each pulley.
The boss or hub C may be made of any desired size and in it is cast or otherwise
formed a hole c of a greater diameter than the largest shaft to which it is intended
the boss may be fixed."
At a suitable distance from each end of the boss is formed, cut, or cast an annular
groove which receive the flanges of the rings D for retaining them in position.
The peripheries d' of these rings B may be of the same or rather less diameter than
that of the hole c whilst the inner diameter d' is larger than that of the shaft on which

page_text: the boss fixed so as to leave room for the jaws E to work freely. In the retaining
rings D are cast or formed any desired number (preferably three) of holes or
recesses for receiving projections formed on the ends of the inclined jaws E as
hereafter described. And on the outer face of each retaining ring is or are provided
one or more lugs or projections d³ for moving the rings round the shaft. Immediately
beyond each annular groove c¹ c³ is cast, formed, or fixed by any suitable means any
required number of cams projections or inclines cupon which the jaws E work.
The face or path of each of these cains may be formed by striking an arc eccentrically
to the rim of the Pulley from a point at a suitable distance from the centre of the boss
as shown at Fig. 3 and the path is also made to correspond with or fit the contour
of the outer surface e¹ of the jaws E. In the drawings three of these cams or inclines
(with an inclined jaw working upon each) are shown near each end of the boss or
hub, but I would have it distinctly understood that this number may be increased
or varied as circumstances may require. When preferred, instead of arranging these
cams or inclines at or near end of the boss or hub, they may extend the whole
distance across the boss between the annular grooves, but in order to reduce the
friction on the moving parts of the boss as much as possible, the cams or inclines
may be made of any suitable width say one half or three fourths of an inch in width
as shown at Fig. 4.
When made in this manner, a recess will be formed between the two sets of cams
or inclines as shown at Fig. 4. The inner face e of each inclined jaw E which runs
parallel to and grasps the shaft may be either plain or grooved and of the same radius
(or slightly larger) than the diameter of the shaft on which it operates. In the
drawings the jaws are shown grooved as I find they grasp the shaft better and there
is then less danger of them slipping when in operation. The outer periphery or
surface e¹ of each jaw in order to fit or correspond with the contour of the face
of the cams c* against which it works may be formed by striking an are tangentially
to the periphery of the shaft or inner diameter e of the jaw-of the same radius as
that for the cams and from a point e Fig. 6. of an equal distance from the centre of
the inner radius e as that for the cams is from the centre of the boss. I have found
when the radius of the outer surface e¹ is made about one third larger than that of the
inner diameter of the jaws it will work well in practice but this proportion may be
varied as circumstances require. These inclined jaws E are arranged to extend the
full distance between the annular grooves c³ ³ and each jaw is supported at its
respective end by one of the cams c as shown. The jaws are made of such a breadth
as will permit of them working or sliding on the cams or inclines without coming in
contact with each other, and are of such a thickness that they will project-when
applied to the largest shaft-within the inner circumference d' of the retaining
rings D. On each end of the jaws is a projecting bar or piece e³ of any suitable
length, width, and shape arranged so as to fit into one of the recesses d³ in the rings 1)
for retaining the jaws in position as well as providing means for operating or actuating
all the jaws simultaneously.
The jaws may be made circular in shape to roll on the cams or inclines with the
necessary projection for retaining them in position as before described.
On reference to the drawings at Fig. 3 & 4 it will be readily seen that the inclined
surfaces of the cams * and jaws E are arranged to work in opposite directions and by
carrying the projecting ends of the jaws in the recesses d of the retaining rings as
described they are permitted to rise or fall as the position of the cams and jaws may
be varied as regards each other by the movement of the retaining rings round the shaft
when the boss is stationary, whereby a similar motion or action is produced to that of
two wedges being moved upon each other in opposite directions. Thus, causing the
jaws to grasp, or release their hold on the shaft. Further, whilst the face e of each
jaw is arranged to present the largest amount of bearing or grasping surface upon the
periphery of the shaft, the friction caused by the contact of the two inclined or wedge
like surfaces of jaws and cams is reduced as much as possible. The herein described
improvements may also be applied to an unsplit boss in which case the flanges on the
retaining rings and grooves c³ ³ would be dispensed with, and the rings D provided

page_text: with a number of notched recesses for receiving a projection formed on each end of
the bars e and at a right angle thereto for holding or keeping the rings in position
within the boss.
To fix or attach the boss or hub to a shaft I proceed as follows.
The various parts herein described are placed in position in each half of the boss
or hub as shown at Fig. 3 and are afterwards placed round and made to clasp the
shaft loosely by means of the bolts c which holds the two parts of the boss C together.
When placed on the shaft the paths of the inclined surfaces e¹ of the jaws should be
in an opposite direction to that in which the wheel or pulley rotates, so that the action
or strain of the belting on the pulley and cams c* in the boss C has the tendency to
tighten the grasp of the jaws upon the shaft. The nuts on the bolts es having been
screwed nearly home the retaining rings D are them rotated in the grooves c¹³ the
boss being stationary by means of the projections d³ round the shaft and carry with
them the jaws E. Whilst the jaws are being thus moved round the shaft they pass
over and are operated upon by the inclined surfaces of the cams or projections c
thereby forcing each jaw inwards until it tightly grasps or wedges itself against the
shaft and thereby holds the boss in position. The nuts on the bolts care then finally
tightened and the boss or hub securely fixed on the shaft. In some cases and when
preferred as an additional means of security a key or keys may be inserted between
the jaws and the shaft or pulley boss after the bolts have been finally tightened.
The herein described apparatus or mechanism may be applied to the bosses or hubs
of existing pulleys or wheels, in which case the cams or projections E would require
to be fixed within the boss by any suitable means.
The rings D may also be made in some cases in one piece instead of two as shown,
but it will be found to be more convenient for general use to have them in two.
By constructing the bosses or hubs of pullies or wheels as herein described the
labour and expense of boring out the same may be dispensed with.
I would here remark that I am aware that previous to the date of the present
application pullies have been supported on shafts by means of cones or pieces passing
with their inclined surfaces longitudinally through the boss, and also that it has been
proposed to use a ring having cam grooves and cams operated by the cam grooves for
the same purpose, but to none of these do I lay any claim as great difficulty is
frequently experienced in placing and keeping the parts up to their work.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The manufacture and use of apparatus or mechanism such as that herein
described for securing or fixing the hubs or bosses of wheels or pulleys to different
sized shafts consisting of a number of cams or inclines arranged within the boss trans-
versely to the line of shafting so as to operate upon a series of jaws placed at a right
angle to the cams, for grasping the shafts in a longitudinal direction, substantially as
herein described and illustrated.
Second. The combination with a pulley or wheel, of a hub or boss C having a
number of cams or inclines c* arranged, formed, or fixed within it, and jaws E placed
at a right angle to and adapted to be operated by said cams whilst being moved round
the shaft, said jaws being secured to the hub or boss by means of flanged and recessed
retaining rings D working in grooves c¹ c³, all arranged and constructed substantially
as and for the purposes herein described.
Third. The combination of the various parts forming the pulley or wheel boss as
a whole constructed arranged and applied substantially as described and illustrated.
1
T
1007