Centrifugal-separators.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 18th Dec., 1897
Centrifugal-separators.
I, GEORGE BARKER Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents of 77
Colmore Row Birmingham in the County of Warwick Consulting Engineer (Com-
munication from abroad by Ludwig Rissmuller, a citizen of Prussia, Empire of
Germany, by profession an Engineer, at present residing at the Hotel Hanover,
corner of Arch Street and Twelfth Street, in the City of Philadelphia, County
of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, in the United States of America), do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
-
The objects of my invention are (1) to provide a centrifugal separator with a
bowl, divided horizontally to form separable sections, and with connections for
operating the bowl and separating the sections thereof, whereby 'the rotary move-
ments of the bowl are used, when the section are not separated, for the separation
of the lighter ingredients from a mixture treated therein, and also, upon the
separation of the sections, for the expulsion of the remaining bodies; (2) to pro-
vide a centrifugal-separator which may be continuously rotated during the opera-
tions of supplying the mixture to the bowl, the separation of the substances and
the expulsion of the remaining ingredients, whereby successive portions of the
mixture may be treated without the necessity of stopping the machine, whilst
the number of operating parts is diminished and a great economy in cost of the
apparatus and of the treatment of substances is effected.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of one
form of separator embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 shows an outside view of
a drier which embodies my invention.
The bowl of a centrifugal-separator made under my invention consists of a
lower section having no longitudinal movements and an upper section attached to
the upper end of a longitudinally-movable shaft, by the movement of which
the upper bowl-section may be lifted or lowered as desired, and, when lifted, the
rotary movements of the bowl are used for the expulsion of the heavier substances,
through the space between the separated sections.
While many forms of apparatus having the features above stated may readily
suggest themselves to persons skilled in the manufacture and use of centrifugal
separators, I prefer to use substantially the form of apparatus shown in the
drawings accompanying and herein described.
In the accompanying drawings, the bowl of the centrifugal separator is divided
horizontally to form two conical rings. The lower half, A, is provided, at its
The upper half, 13, is pro-
upper edge, with an outwardly-extending flange, a.
vided with a similar flange, b, at its lower edge. C is a shaft for driving the
upper half of the bowl, and D is a sleeve, surrounding the shaft, and driving the
lower half of the bowl. E is a collar upon shaft C, and F is the reduced end of
H, H, are arms con-
said shaft. G is a sleeve surrounding said reduced end.
necting the sleeve G and upper half B. I is a nut for securing sleeve G in position.

page_text: J is an outwardly and upwardly extending flange upon the upper end of sleeve D.
To this flange the lower half, A, of the shell is firmly secured.
K is a longitudinal slot through the sleeve, D, near its lower end. L is a pin
fitted in the slot K. It also serves to mechanically engage the shaft and sleeve
together, whereby the upper and lower sections, A and B, of the bowl are driven in
unison. The said pin L is also fitted into a collar, M, which surrounds the sleeve D.
A peripheral groove is cut entirely around said collar, and a ring, N, is fitted in
said groove. A pin, O, extending from the outer edge of said ring, loosely fits
into a slot, P, in a lever, Q. By the arrangement just described, the shaft, C,
sleeve, D, and collar, M, are operated together, while the ring, N, is held against
rotary motion by the pin 0. R is the pivot of the lever, and S its handle. U
is the driving-pulley secured to sleeve D.
The form of bowl shown in Fig. 1 is particularly useful for treatment of greasy
mixtures, for the purpose of removing the greases therefrom, and is shown as
having only one normally open connection through the bowl. That opening is
through a grease-removing pipė, V.
The form of bowl shown in Fig. 2 has numerous normally-open perforations
in the bowl (preferably in both sections, as shown), and is particularly useful as
a drier, for the removal of water from sugar and other crystalline substances
may be used for other purposes.
It
The separator shown in Fig. 1 is well adapted for the treatment of garbage
by centrifugal action.
The lever, Q, is lowered, bringing the two sections, A and B, of the bowl,
tightly together, at the flanges a and b A fluid mixture, thoroughly boiled, con-
taining acids, garbage and the greases in the form of an emulsion, is fed into the
bowl which may be then rotating or may be afterwords started. The centrifugal
force separates the mixture into three bodies according to their specific gravities,
(1) a circular wall or ring of grease, nearest the centre of the bowl, (2) a circular
wall or ring of acid solution, containing acids, water and substances dissolved by
the acids out of the garbage, and (3) a circular wall or ring of the heavier ingre-
dients, lying against the peripheral inner walls of the bowl. The greases are spun
out through the pipe V, and collected in any desired manner; and, when all the
greases have been removed, the lever is lifted, and the sections, A and B, of the
bowl are separated by lifting the upper section (as shown by dotted lines), through
the ring N, collar M, pin L (sliding in slot K) and shaft C.
Upon the separation of the sections, the heavier ingredients and acid solution
are thrown violently out of the bowl by the continued centrifugal action, and
are collected in any desired way. The sections are then brought together, as before,
and another mixture is fed into the bowl. Thus the operations of feeding the mix-
ture into the bowl, separating the greases therefrom, and expelling the heavier
ingredients, are carried on without stopping or retarding the rotary movements of
the bowl, dispensing with the necessity for employing devices for such purpose,
and greatly hastening the treatment of mixtures.
I wish it to be understood, however, that the separator of Fig. 1 may be used
for the treatment of other substances than garbage.
In the separator shown in Fig. 2, the pipe V is not used. A large number of
perforations, W, are formed in the bowl (in one or both sections, as preferred).
The wet sugar (or other substances) is filled into the bowl, and the fluid sub-
stances, syrups, etc., are expelled by centrifugal force, through the perforations, W.
When the sugar has been sufficiently dried, the sections, A, B, are separated, and
the dried product violently expelled through the space between the flanges, a
and b. The sections are then brought together, and another batch is treated.
The separator shown in Fig. 2 may be used, with advantage, for drying crys-
tallized soda, Epsom salts, etc.
It is an especial feature of advantage, in the operation of my centrifugal-
separator, that the operator does not have to lift the weight of the material which

page_text: is being treated, when the bowl-sections are to be separated, this weight resting
upon the lower-bowl-section which does not have any longitudinal movement.
In my apparatus, as an additional advantage, the movement of the upper
bowl-section is positively controlled, and it may be lifted to any extent desired,
whereby the heavier substances, no matter how large, may be discharged without
danger of clogging. This is especially advantageous in treating waste-matters,
for the separation of greases or other ingredients therefrom, the mass somtimes
containig large articles, such as portions of bottles, pieces of wood, small stones,
etc., which would not be expelled from the bowl unless means are provided for
lifting the upper bowl-section to any extent desired.
I desire to call attention to the fact that the connections for driving the bowl,
and the connections for lifting the upper bowl-section are all below the discharge
opening formed by lifting the upper section. The especial advantages resulting
therefrom are that the filling apparatus and connections may be placed directly
above the bowl, and the material to be treated can be discharged directly into
the bowl without being interfered with by shafting, pulleys or supports, and there
are no shafts, rods or other devices to interfere with the free discharge of the
ingredients from the bowl.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:
1-In a separable-bowl centrifugal-separator, a lower bowl-section secured to
the upper end of a vertical sleeve, an upper bowl-section secured to the upper
end of a longitudinally-movable shaft extending downwardly into said sleeve, a
driving-connection between the shaft and sleeve, said connection permitting longi-
tudinal movements of the shaft, a driving-wheel affixed to the sleeve, and a lever
and connections below the bowl, and arranged to lift the shaft and upper bowl-
section only, substantially as and for the purpose described.
2—In a separable-bowl centrifugal-separator, a lower bowl-section secured to
the upper end of a vertical shaft, a movable upper bowl-section, means for lifting
the upper bowl-section only, operated from below both bowl-sections, and con-
nections for driving the separator, substantially as and for the purpose described.
3-In a separable-bowl centrifugal-separator, a lower bowl-section secured to
the upper end of a vertical sleeve, an upper bowl-section secured to the upper end
of a longitudinally-movable shaft extending downwardly into said sleeve, the sleeve
provided with a longitudinal slot and the shaft provided with a pin projecting
outwardly therefrom and through the said slot, a longitudinally-movable collar
surrounding the sleeve and engaging said pin, and a lever for raising and lowering
said collar and the upper bowl-section, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
Dated this 18th day of October 1897