Improvements in the Manufacture of Screw or Twist Augers and Boring Bits.
Year: 1886

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 7th day of March, 1891, Amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Screw or Twist Augers
and Boring Bits.
I, CORNELIUS WHITEHOUSE of the firm of Cornelius Whitehouse and Sons of
Bridgtown Cannock in the County of Stafford Manufacturer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows :-
My invention relates primarily to the production of screw or twist augers and
boring bits, having looped or solid winged cutting parts, whether the tips be round,
square or of any other figure.
By my improvements, twist augers and boring bits are made with greater uniformity
than by the old process commonly employed; and further, in consequence of the
said augers or boring bits being provided with solid cutting parts, instead of open
winged cutting parts, they are rendered/more durable and serviceable than those of
the ordinary kind'; and moreover, they make a clearer cut, and are not liable to get
out of order or deranged, as there are no standing out or overhanging parts to be
broken off as is the case with gouge nose or " Cook" augers.
When in use, all the wood cut is displaced and cleared out as the boring proceeds.
I will describe my invention in connection with a twist auger with a round cutting
tip. I take a suitable blank forged, or otherwise wrought from suitable metal, but
with a bulbous or solid end of somewhat the figure and of sufficient size to form the
head and cutting parts of the auger; I then heat this blank or rather the head of the
blank to a forging heat, and by means of a drop stamp or by pressure, and suitably
shaped dies, I give the blank or the end of the said blank, the general shape of the
head or cutting or leading parts; the percussive blow of the stamp forcing the heated
metal into every part of the dies, which is an exact counterpart of the heal or cutting
and leading parts of the auger to be made.
The roughly formed head thus produced has fins or webs running along its middle
which are subsequently removed by a pair of clearing tools worked either in a screw
or other press, thus getting rid of all superfluous metal left by the stamping process,
and which said head only requires to he perfected in shape, by a process or processes
D

page_text: commonly known; that is, the lead and cutting holes for the wood to pass upwardly
and away, are drilled through the nose, the tip shaped and the small screw which
stands from the head, wormed.
The head may be stamped from the side or from the end of the enlargement,
prepared on the cutting end of the auger; and although 1 have described that the
said end is stamped or produced independent of the twist, yet. I wish it to be under-
stood that the head and twist may be stamped and produced at the same time.
The roughly formed blank instead of being forged, may also be produced by
stamping and further, the whole of an auger, both head twist and shank may also be
produced by casting.
nude Twanty second day of October 1885
CORNELIUS WHITEHOUSE.
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in the Manufacture of Screw or Twist Augers
and Boring Bits.
1, CORNELIUS WHITEHOUSE of Bridgtown, Cannock in the County of Stafford,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to the manufacture of the nose or tip parts, of augers and boring
bits, having closed or connected cutter blades of the kind as hereinafter described and in
means and tools employed in their manufacture.
By my improvements, augers and boring bits are rendered for more efficient than
those of the ordinary kind, as they, bore with extreme case at any angle, and carry
upwards the cut wood, as boring proceeds, thus enabling the operator to restart boring
without delay.
According to-my-invention, the tips or nose parts are made with unbreakable
eutters, consisting of a solid end, with looped-or-closed-blades;-constituting cutting
parts.
In making the said nose or tip parts of the said augers or boring bits, I first take a
previously prepared blank, with an enlarged or bulbous like part at its boring end,
and which said enlarged part, has sufficient metal to form the nose of an auger or bit.

page_text: I then heat the said enlarged end, to a forging heat, and by means of a drop stamp
and tools, between which latter the head is placed, the end of the blank is and made
to take the general figure of the nose of an auger or bit, as the percussive blows of the
stamp thus employed, forces the heated metal into every part of the dies, of which
the said dies, when brought nearly together is an exact counterpart of the nose or tip,
and cutting parts of an auger or bit, to be made.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings, the
manner in which the same manufacture is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation, a twist auger provided with a round nosed
cutter or cutter end, made according to my invention having closed or connected cutter
blades. Figure 2 represents a side elevation of the said ends or cutter part, while
figure 3 is a part vertical section of figure 2. Figure 4 shows an inverted plan of the
said cutter end, and figure 5 a like view as figure 3, but with the said cutter ring only
end partially broken away. Figure 6 represents an auger cutting end, without a screw
or beading leading point. Figure 7 represents a square cutter end made according to
my invention, and figure 8 is the plan of the same, while figure 9 represents the same
said square cutter end, without the leading point or screw. Figure 10 represents a
single twist auger made according to my invention. In this construction of auger,
the entter is made single, instead of double, as in the preceding figures with a single
cutter.
In carrying out the manufacture of the nose or tip parts of the said augers and bits,
I proceed as follows.
I take a blank figure 11, (of which figure 12 is an edge view) consisting of a
stem a, flattened part b and enlargement c, of which the latter contains sufficient
metal to make the cutter nose or tip of the auger. I then heat the enlargement parte
of the blank to a forging heat, and place it between upper and lower dies d, e, (figure 13)
of which the top die, is worked by a drop stamp, or by pressure. This gives to the
said end, the general figure of the nose or tip of an auger to be made, as represented
in edge view figure 14, and front view figure 15. The dies d, e, of which one is
shown in plan in figure 16, is the exact counter-part of the nose or tip, and leading
part of an auger to be made."
Thus by the percussive blows of a stamp, the end of the blank as aforesaid, is forced
into the interstices of the dies, and a nose or tip produced, of the configuration as
represented in figures 13, 14 and 15, and marked c', of which figure 17 is a plan.
The fins or webs left by the stamping process, are removed by clearing tools or
clipping dies, preferably worked in a press.
The tip or nose end thus produced, has sunken depressions c², c² formed therein,
which are subsequently drilled through, and form exit passages, wherethrough the
material cut, upwardly passes, to the furrows of the wormed part, as hereinafter
described.
The next process in the formation of the auger, is the twisting of the part b, into a
screw, as represented in figure 18, and subsequently the worming of the leading or
screw point c³, as shown at figure 1, and several other figures of the drawings, and
marked c¹.
In the finished auger, a is the shank, 6 is the twist part, and c is the tip, nose or
cutter end, having upon its underside, a screw or leading point c. 2, 2, are holes or
all-through passages, directed obliquely upward into the furrows of the twists, and
with their entrances smaller in diameter, than their outlets leading to the said furrows.
e are the connected blades or bridge like cutting parts, which form the solids to the
said tips or cutter ends.
The boundary edges of the obliquely pierced holes, or rather the edges of the solid
parts which surround the holes, are disposed in varying planes, and with the prominent
or more forward parts made into cutting edges, and which are marked c³.
The square cutter nose or tip as represented in figure 7, is alike in construction, to
that of the round nosed auger as represented, excepting that the blades of the cutter
edges, instead of being curved, are directed into two planes, marked c, c7; that is,
the nose or tip is provided with bottom and side cutters, marked as aforesaid.

page_text: Although I have represented a round and square nosed augers, made by my process
of manufacture yet I wish it to be understood that the shape of the nose or tip may be
varied, without departing from the nature of my invention.
In the single twist auger figure 10, a-single obliquely directed hole, and-one-entter
only is-employed, as there are no two sides to the twist of the thread, as in the
preceding figures, in which the one cutter hole is directed to the one side of the twist,
and the other-cutter hole directed to the other side of the twist.
a is the shank, is the worm, c is the nose or tip, ² the hole, e³ the cutter edge, and
is the leading screw.
Figure 10 is a plan of the cutter part of the single twist auger figure 10, which
may be constructed with, or without a-leading point.
The application of my invention to boring bits and other similar boring tools, such
as twisted barrels for morticeing purposes, differs in no essential respect from its
application to a twist auger, as herein described and illustrated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the saine is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First. A closed tip, or cutter nose, for wrought metal, ungers and other similar
boring tools, as herein described and illustrated in figures-1, 2-3, 4, 5- and 6 of the
accompanying drawings, that is to say: a tip or cutter nose having closed, or
connected-eutter blades-c-c-partially intersected by holes or passages-c2-(2-with
entting edges c-c-substantially as described, and set forth, thereby dispensing with,
spur-like cutter parts, called wings.
Secondly. In a wrought metal anger or similar boring tool, making closed ended
tips or nose parts c, as herein described and set forth, with or without leading screw
points c¹..
Thirdly. A closed tip, or cutter nose for wrought-metal augers and other similar
boring tools, as herein described and illustrated in figures 7, 8 and 9, that is to say;
a cutter nose or tip, (with or without a lending serew-point) having closed, or bridging
eutter blades, c-c, partially intersected by holes c², c², with cutting edges-c-c-c²-c²;
substantially as described and set forth.
Fourthly A closed boring tool end, provided with-a-single-cutter hole, (with-or
without a leading screw point, substantially as described and set forth in figure 10.
Fifthly Making closed tips, or cutter nose parts, of the kinds herein described,
by the process of stamping, or pressing and by means of dies and tools d, e, with
recesses sunken within them, of the counterpart of an end to be fashioned; and which
said end or tip, is produced by the means and combination of processes as herein
described, and set forth in figures 11 to 18 both inclusive of the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this Nineteenth day of Lulu 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 25th July, 1887
Complete Accepted, 9th Sept., 1887.
I, CORNELIUS WHITEHOUSE of the firm of Cornelius Whitehouse and Sons of
Bridgtown Cannock in the County of Stafford Manufacturer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
My invention relates primarily to the production of screw or twist augers and
boring bits, having looped or solid winged cutting parts, whether the tips be round,
square or of any other figure.
By my improvements, twist augers and boring bits are made with greater uniformity
than by the old process commonly employed; and further, in consequence of the
said augers or boring bits being provided with solid cutting parts, instead of open
winged cutting parts, they are rendered more durable and serviceable than those of
the ordinary kind; and moreover, they make a clearer cut, and are not liable to get
out of order or deranged, as there are no standing out or overhanging parts to be
broken off as is the case with gouge nose or
"Cook" augers.
When in use, all the wood cut is displaced and cleared out as the boring proceeds.
I will describe my invention in connection with a twist auger with a round cutting
tip. I take a suitable blank forged, or otherwise wrought from suitable metal, but
with a bulbous or solid end of somewhat the figure and of sufficient size to form the
head and cutting parts of the auger; I then heat this blank or rather the head of the
blank to a forging heat, and by means of a drop stamp or by pressure, and suitably
shaped dies, give the blank or the end of the said blank, the general shape of the
head or cutting or leading parts; the percussive blow of the stamp forcing the heated
metal into every part of the dies, which is an exact counterpart of the head or cutting
and leading parts of the auger to be made.
The roughly formed head thus produced has fins or webs running along its middle
which are subsequently removed by a pair of clearing tools worked either in a screw
or other press, thus getting rid of all superfluous metal left by the stamping process,
and which said head only requires to be perfected in shape, by a process or processes

page_text: commonly known; that is, the lead and cutting holes for the wood to pass upwardly
and away, are drilled through the nose, the tip shaped and the small screw which
stands from the head, wormed.
The head may be stamped from the side or from the end of the enlargement,
prepared on the cutting end of the auger; and although I have described that the
said end is stamped or produced independent of the twist, yet I wish it to be under-
stood that the head and twist may be stamped and produced at the same time.
The roughly formed blank instead of being forged, may also be produced by
stamping; and further, the whole of an auger, both head twist and shank may also he
produced by casting.
Dated this Twenty second day of October 1886
CORNELIUS WHITEHOUSE.
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham,
Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Screw or Twist Augers
and Boring Bits.
I, CORNELIUS WHITEHOUSE of Bridgtown, Cannock in the County of Stafford,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My invention relates to the nose or tip parts, of augers and boring bits, and in
means and tools employed in their manufacture.
By my improvements, augers and boring bits are rendered far more efficient than
those of the ordinary kind, as they bore with extreme ease at any angle, and carry
upwards the cut wood, as boring proceeds, thus enabling the operator to restart boring
without delay.
According to my invention, the tips or nose parts are made with unbreakable
cutters, consisting of a solid end, with looped or closed blades, constituting cutting
parts.
In making the said augers or boring bits, I first take a previously prepared blank,
with an enlarged or bulbous like part at its boring end, and which said enlarged part,
has sufficient metal to form the nose of an auger or bit. I then heat the said enlarged
end, to a forging heat, and by means of a drop stamp and tools, between which the

page_text: head is placed, the end of the blank is made to take the general figure of the nose of
an auger or bit, as the percussive blows of the stamp thus employed, forces the heated
metal into every part of the dies, of which the said dies, is an exact counterpart of the
nose or tip, and cutting parts of an auger or bit, to be made.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings, the
manner in which the same is to be performed.
.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation, a twist auger provided with a round nosed
cutter or cutter end, made according to my invention. Figure 2 represents a side
elevation of the said cutter part, while figure 3 is a part vertical section of figure 2.
Figure 4 shows an inverted plan of the cutter end, and figure 5 a like view as figure 3,
but with the cutter ring only partially broken away. Figure 6 represents an auger
cutting end, without a screw or beading point. Figure 7 represents a square cutter
end made according to my invention, and figure 8 is the plan of the same, while
figure 9 represents the same cutter end, without the leading point or screw. Figure 10
represents a single twist auger made according to my invention. In this construction
of auger, the cutter is made single, instead of double, as in the preceding figures.
In carrying out the manufacture of the said augers and bits, I proceed as follows.
I take a blank figure 11, (of which figure 12 is an edge view) consisting of a
stem a, flattened part b and enlargement c, of which the latter contains sufficient
metal to make the cutter nose or tip of the auger. I then heat the enlargement part c
of the blank to a forging heat, and place it between upper and lower dies d, e, (figure 13)
of which the top die, is worked by a drop stamp, or by pressure. This gives to the
said end, the general figure of the nose or tip of an auger to be made, as represented
in edge view figure 14, and front view figure 15. The dies d, e, of which one is
shown in plan in figure 16, is the exact counter-part of the nose or tip, and leading
parts of an auger to be made.
Thus by the percussive blows of a stamp, the end of the blank as aforesaid, is forced
into the interstices of the dies, and a nose or tip produced, of the configuration as
represented in figures 13, 14 and 15, and marked c', of which figure 17 is a plan.
The fins or webs left by the stamping process, are removed by clearing tools or
clipping dies, preferably worked in a press.
The tip or nose end thus produced, has sunken depressions c², c² formed therein,
which are subsequently drilled through, and form exit passages, wherethrough the
material cut, upwardly passes, to the furrows of the wormed part, as hereinafter
described.
The next process in the formation of the auger, is the twisting of the part b, into a
screw, as represented in figure 18; and subsequently the worming of the leading or
screw point c³, as shown at figure 1, and several other figures of the drawings, and
marked ct.
In the finished auger, a is the shank, is the twist part, and c is the tip, nose or
cutter end, having upon its underside, a screw or leading point c. c², c², are holes or
all-through passages, directed obliquely upward into the furrows of the twists, and
with their entrances smaller in diameter, than their outlets leading to the said furrows.
care the connected blades or bridge like cutting parts, which form the solids to the
said tips or cutter ends.
The boundary edges of the obliquely pierced holes, or rather the edges of the solid
parts which surround the holes, are disposed in varying planes, and with the prominent
or more forward parts made into cutting edges, and which are marked cⓇ.
The square cutter nose or tip as represented in figure 7, is alike in construction, to
that of the round nosed auger as represented, excepting that the blades of the cutter
edges, instead of being curved, are directed into two planes, marked c, c7; that is,
the nose or tip is provided with bottom and side cutters, marked as aforesaid.
Although I have represented a round and square nosed auger, yet I wish it to be
understood that the shape of the nose or tip may be varied, without departing from
the nature of my invention.
In the single twist auger figure 10, a single obliquely directed hole, and one cutter
only is employed, as there are no two sides to the twist of the thread, as in the

page_text: preceding figures, in which the one cutter hole is directed to the one side of the twist,
and the other cutter hole directed to the other side of the twist.
a is the shank, b is the worm, c is the nose or tip, c² the hole, as the cutter edge, and
is the leading screw.
Figure 10 is a plan of the cutter part of the single twist auger figure 10, which
may be constructed with, or without a leading point.
The application of my invention to boring bits and other. similar boring tools, such
as twisted barrels for morticeing purposes, differs in no essential respect from its
application to a twist auger, as herein described and illustrated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First. A closed. tip, or cutter nose; for wrought metal, augers and other similar
boring tools, as herein described and illustrated in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the
accompanying drawings, that is to say; a tip or cutter nose having closed, or
connected cutter blades c c partially intersected by holes or passages c² ² with
cutting edges c c substantially as described, and set forth, thereby dispensing with,
spur-like cutter parts, called wings.
Secondly. In a wrought metal auger or similar boring tool, making closed ended
tips or nose parts c, as herein described and set forth, with or without leading screw
points c¹.
Thirdly. A closed tip, or cutter nose for wrought metal augers and other similar
boring tools, as herein described and illustrated in figures 7, 8 and 9, that is to say;
a cutter nose or tip, (with or without a leading screw point) having closed, or bridging
cutter blades, cc, partially intersected by holes c², c², with cutting edges cf cf c
substantially as described and set forth.
Fourthly. A closed boring tool end, provided with a single cutter hole, (with or
without a leading screw point, substantially as described and set forth in figure 10.
Fifthly. Making closed tips, or cutter nose parts, of the kinds herein described,
by the process of stamping, and by means of dies and tools d, e, with recesses sunken
within them, of the counterpart of an end to be fashioned; and which said end or
tip, is produced by the means and combination of processes as herein described, and
set forth in figures 11 to 18 both inclusive of the accompanying drawings.
1
1
1
CTI
1007