Improvements in Apparatus for Treating Yarns with Liquids.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Treating Yarns with Liquids.
I, THOMAS BOLD, of Hope Mills, Swinton, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Manufacturer, Dyer and Bleacher, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for treating yarns in hanks or in like
condition with liquids, as for example in certain processes of dyeing, finishing,
and mercerising, and especially in such processes as require that the yarn should
be stretched or maintained in a state of tension during the whole or some part
of the operation.
In an apparatus constructed to embody these improvements there are two series
of radial rollers mounted in parallel planes, each series resembling the spokes
of a wheel, and both of them being mounted upon a common shaft so as to rotate
therewith, and so also that one of the series may be moved along the shaft so as
to increase or diminish the distance between the two series. The shaft carrying
the rollers is mounted in the upper part of a tank which contains the liquid
with which the yarn is to be treated, and is rotated by suitable gearing. Each
of the rollers of one or of both series is also rotated on its axis by suitable gear-
ing, as for example by means of a bevel pinion at its inner end, gearing with a
fixed bevel wheel. If it is desired that the rollers should be rotated only when
immersed in the tank, the fixed bevel wheel may have no teeth on its upper
semi-circumference.
.
That series of the rollers which it is desired should be capable of being moved
along the shaft, may be mounted upon a sleeve which passes through a stuffing
box in the side of the tank, if the shaft is arranged below the top
edge of the tank. Beyond the stuffing box a circular groove may be
cut in the sleeve, and this groove may be engaged by claws pro-
jecting from a nut working on the screwed end of the shaft which
projects beyond the sleeve. The nut may be formed in the hub of a hand wheel
so that when the hand wheel is rotated in one direction, the movable series of
rollers will be caused to approach the other series and the reverse. Other equiva-
lent means may be employed for the linear movement on the shaft of the movable
series of rollers.
In using the apparatus, the hanks of yarn are passed over the rollers of one
series and the opposed rollers of the other series, and the movable series is moved
sufficiently to set up the required degree of tension, in which condition the yarn
will, in the same manner as a driving band, communicate the motion of the
driven rollers to the rollers of the other series. The apparatus being set in
motion, the yarn will be immersed in the liquid and travel from roller to roller
therein, then lifted out of the liquid and re-immersed by the single motion of
the shaft. The tension on the yarn may be regulated as required by rotating
the hand wheel.
Dated the 24th day of February A.D. 1899.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Treating Yarns with Liquids.
I, THOMAS BOLD, of Hope Mills, Swinton, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Manufacturer, Dyer and Bleacher, do, hereby declare the nature
of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to apparatus for treating yarns in hanks or in like
condition, with liquids, as for example in certain processes of dyeing, finishing,
and mercerising, and especially in such processes as require that the yarn must
be stretched or maintained in a state; of tension during the whole or some part
of the operation.
In an apparatus constructed to embody these improvements, there are two
series of radial rollers mounted in parallel planes, each series resembling the
spokes of a wheel and both of them being mounted upon a common shaft so as
to rotate therewith, and so also that one of the series may be moved relatively
to the other, as for example, by being moved along the shaft, so as to increase
the distance between the opposed rollers. The shatt and rollers are so arranged
relatively to a tank containing the liquid with which the yarn is to be treated,
that when the apparatus is in action, the banks of yarn thereon are successively
immersed in the liquid. Each hauk of yarn is arranged upon two opposed
rollers one of which is driven by suitable gearing and drives the other through
the agency of the hanks acting as an endless belt. If desired however, both of
the rollers of each pair may be driven by power directly.
I will more particularly describe my said invention with reference to the
accompanying drawings in which:-.
Figure 1 represents a transverse vertical section, and Figure 2, a partial side
elevation, and
Figure 3 a modified detail.
In the illustrated construction, T indicates the tank or vessel containing the
liquid L, with which the yarn is to be treated: S, the shaft on which the two
parallel series of rollers R R are mounted: and Ww a worm and worm wheel
by which motion is communicated to the shaft from the pulley P, fast upon the
shaft S, and having alongside it the loose pulley 2, upon which the driving belt
is shifted when the machine is out of action. The apparatus may also be pro-
vided with a clutch C, by means of which it can be put into and out of gear.
Each series of rollers may consist of more or less than eight, as shewn, radially
mounted in the discs D 1¹ of which D is keyed fast upon the shaft S, while D₁
is capable of sliding thereon. The central dise D is provided with a sleeve A,
which extends through the bearing B and has a groove turned in it near its
outer end. The sleeve end of the shaft S is screw threaded and is fitted with a
wheel nut N, on the back of which there is fixed a coupling disc n, in halves,
provided with claws engaging the groove in the sleeve. The shaft itself is immov-
able longitudinally because of a collar thereon, on each side of the bearing B.
If therefore the nut wheel N be rotated in either direction, the disc 1) and its
rollers will be displaced longitudinally relatively to the opposed disc and series
so that the rollers can be brought closer together for removing and replacing
the hanks, and then removed further apart for stretching them. If a considerable
amount of stretch be desired, the nut wheel N may be a worm wheel driven by
a worm rotated by power or by hand.
The rollers R, as shewn by Figure 1, have fixed upon their spindles r, the bevel
pinions E, which are let into a recess in the disc D, so that they serve not only
as means for rotating the rollers, but also to prevent end motion. The pinions E,

page_text: engage with the bevel toothed sector F, fixed upon the inside wall of the tank.
Hence, when the shaft S is rotated, and the two series of rollers are carried round
thereby, the rollers will be rotated so long as they are moved below the level of
the liquid in the tank. If desired, a complete bevel wheel may be substituted
for the sector F, in which case the rollers R will be rotated continuously, so
long as the apparatus is in work.
In the modification represented sectionally by Figure 3, there is no recess
in the disc D, and the spindles have a single long bearing, in which they are
keyed fast. The rollers K are each cast in one piece with the pinion E, so that
the rollers rotate freely on their spindles.
The tank T may be provided with suitable inlets and outlets, each controlled by
a valve as shewn at V, Figure 2. As illustrated by Figures 1 and 2, there are
one inlet I, provided with a battle plate i to prevent the incoming liquid from
flowing direct upon the yarn, and two outlets, o and o', of which one may be for
one class of liquids such as a mercerising caustic solution, and the other for another
liquid such as water. The number of inlets and outlets will be governed by the
use to which the apparatus will have to be applied, and there may be one of each
only, externally connected with a single pipe or with a plurality of pipes for the
supply and discharge of the liquids to be used.
1 have so far found that the rollers arranged in parallel vertical planes as
illustrated give satisfactory and economical results, but they may obviously be
arranged in parallel norizontal planes, but in many respects with less advantage.
For example, the sleeve A may pass through a gland and stuffing box in the
centre of the bottom of a tank, and the shatt S in the sleeve A may be packed
watertight. The bearing B, would then be carried by a spider frame above the
tank, to which the wheel F would be secured. Or, the wheel F may be arranged
in the centre of the bottom of the tank with the bearing or footstep for the shaft
at its centre. Relative rotation may be produced by rotating either the wheel or
the shaft, so as to produce rotation of the rollers immersed in the tank. In
either case, for removing and replacing the hanks, the whole of the apparatus
may be lifted out of the tank or the tank may be made with a door in its side
through which access may be had to the rollers.
Other means than those described for relatively displacing the rollers may be
employed. Thus, the spindles of the rollers R may be excentric, so that when
the spindles are turned, the rollers are displaced with reference to the rollers R.
In this case the spindles have their excentric part limited to their bearings
and those parts of them within the rollers are concentric with the rollers which
rotate upon them. Means would be provided for holding the spindles in any
position into which they may be turned.
The apparatus is operated in the following manner, in the production of a lus-
trous effect by the mercerising process, by way of example. The hanks of yarn
are arranged over opposed pairs of rollers, one bight of each hank being on a
roller R and the other bight on an opposite roller R. All the hanks having been
placed, the nut wheel is turned until the hanks are sufficiently stretched, bearing
in mind that the mercerising action induces considerable shrinkage. The appara-
tus is then put in motion and the mercerising liquid is run into the tank. After
sufficient time has elapsed for the mercerising action, the liquid is run out, and
replaced by water or a neutralising solution, the motion being still continued.
When the mercerising agent has been washed out or neutralised, the liquid may
be run off, the apparatus be stopped, and the tension relaxed by rotating the
nut wheel N, whereupon the hanks may be removed and replaced by others, and
the operation be repeated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In apparatus for treating yarn with liquids, two parallel series of redial

page_text: rollers so arranged that the rollers of one series may be displaced in line with the
rollers of the other series and that all the rollers of one or of both series may be
rotated substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accom-
panying drawings.
2. In apparatus of the type set forth, a series of radial rollers having bevel
pinions on their spindles at the inner end of the rollers which pinions engage
with and are rotated by a bevel sector or wheel, substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
3. Apparatus for treating yarn with liquids, constructed arranged and operated
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
41 011
تيما
Antahan n 1000