Improvements in Ventilating Caps.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 8th Aug., 1893-Accepted, 9th Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilating Caps.
I JOSEPH MULLIGAN of No. 32 Eyre Street Sheffield, Ventilator Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It relates to ventilators or ventilating caps for all kinds of buildings sewers ships'
hulls, railway carriages, or any other thing or erection in or through which it is
desirable to promote or maintain a current of air notwithstanding the violence of or
irregularity of motion of the surrounding atmosphere.
To obtain these results I use a combination of two vertical tubes closed at the
top and having their open bases in communication with the space to be ventilated
or with the socket or main air shaft or shafts connecting them with such space;
the tubes may be of any suitable shape in cross-section and shall be so placed that
one side or portion of each tube shall form the outer wall of the cap and the other
sides or portions shall generally converge towards a common centre and terminate
at a part short of that centre, slits or openings being provided in the tubes at the
parts opposite to each other; space is left between the tubes so as to form a
passage, contracted at or near the centre of cap to admit of wind currents passing
over the outlet openings of the tubes and exhausting air therefrom, and a vertical
deflecting plate or plates may be erected in the passage to divide the currents of
wind and modify their action on the outlet openings of tubes.
These tubes and the space or spaces between and the vertical deflecting plates
may have a roof covering or connecting the whole and a floor of flat or shelving
surface between or around the tubes at the lower part of same with a flange or
channel at the foot of each tube inside to exclude rain therefrom.
The action of the cap is to set up suction from within the space to be ventilated
and to secure free voiding of the exhausted air under adverse atmospheric
conditions.
The cap or any part of the same may be made of metal, earthenware, wood, or
any other material.
JOSEPH MULLIGAN.
Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilating Caps.
I, JOSEPH MULLIGAN, of 32 Eyre Street, Sheffield, in the County of Yorkshire,
Ventilator Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to ventilators or ventilating caps, for all kinds of
buildings, sewers, ships' hulls, railway carriages or for any other purpose or
erection in or through which it is desirable to promote or maintain a current
of air, notwithstanding the violence or irregularity of motion of the surrounding
atmosphere.
I attain this object by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawing,
in which-
Fig. 1, is a front elevation of the ventilator; Fig. 2, is a vertical section;
Fig. 3, is a side elevation; Fig. 4, is a section on line A B of Fig. 1; Fig. 5, is a
section on line CD; Fig. 6, a plan of the top; Fig. 7, is a vertical section

page_text: through the ventilating tubes, the arrows indicate the mode of escape for
vitiated air.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
To obtain these results I use a combination of two vertical tubes b b, closed at
the top a and having their open bases in communication with the space to he
ventilated or with the socket g or main air shaft or shafts connecting them with
such space, the tubes b b may be of any suitable shape in cross-section and shall be
so placed that one portion of each tube b shall form the outer wall of the cap and
the other portions shall converge forward to a common centre and terminate at a
part short of that centre; slits or outlet openings e being provided in the tubes b b
at the parts opposite to each other.
Space is left between the tubes b b so as to form a passage, contracted at or near
the centre of cap to admit of wind currents passing over the outlet openings e in
tubes and exhausting air therefrom.
These tubes and the space or spaces between and the vertical deflecting
plates d d may have a roof, covering or top a connecting the whole together, and a
floor of flat or shelving surface between or around the tubes bb and vertical
rods c c and at the lower part of same with a flange or channel inside the foot of
each tube to prevent the entrance of rain into the air shafts.
Vertical deflecting plate or plates d d may be erected in the space between the
tubes so as to divide such currents of wind and modify their action on the slits or
openings e.
The action of the cap is to set up suction from within the space to be ventilated
and to secure a free passage of the exhausted air under adverse atmospheric
conditions.
The cap or any part of the same may be made of metal, earthenware, wood, or
any other suitable material.
If preferable a valve may be placed in the socket g so as to keep out sea water
in ships ventilators.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In ventilator caps, the combination of the socket and floor plate, with vertical
tubes having flanges and openings for extracting vitiated air from any building or
vessel; and the rods and vertical deflecting plates between the tubes connecting
the floor and top together, and erected in the space between the tubes so as to
divide various currents of wind and modify their action on the slits or openings,
substantially as herein described and according to the accompanying drawing.
2. In ventilating caps, the combination of the socket and floor pláte, with
vertical tubes and cap with openings for extracting vitiated air from any building
or vessel, substantially as herein described and for the purpose specified.
3. In ventilating caps, the combination of the passage for inducing current
converging towards the centre so as to compress the same and after exhausting at
centre the corresponding widening of the passage so as to give quick relief,
substantially as herein described and for the purpose set forth.
4. In ventilating caps, the combination of the walls of the air shafts so as to
form the outer wall of the cap, substantially as described and for the purpose
specified.
Dated this 8th day of August 1893.
J. P. BAYLY,
18, Fulham Place, W., Agent for the Applicant.