IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GASEOUS LIQUIDS, AND FOR FILLING BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS USED FOR HOLDING THE SAME, AND RETAINING THE CONTENTS THEREIN AND EMPTYING THE SAME WHEN REQUIRED
Year: 1838

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MILES
BERRY, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middle-
sex, Patent Agent and Mechanical Draftsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Sixth day of December, in the second year of Her reign,
and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Miles Berry, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Miles Berry, my executors, administrators, or assigns, or
such others as I, the said Miles Berry, my executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in all Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations
abroad, an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR
MANUFACTURING GASEOUS LIQUIDS, AND FOR FILLING BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS USED
FOR HOLDING THE SAME, AND RETAINING THE CONTENTS THEREIN AND EMPTYING THE
SAME WHEN REQUIRED," being a communication from a foreigner residing abroad;.
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said
Miles Berry, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particu-
larly to describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in
Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months. next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
1
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that, in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Miles Berry, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon
(that is to say):
These improvements in the means of and apparatus for manufacturing
gaseous liquids, and for filling bottles and other vessels used for holding the
same and retaining the contents therein, and emptying the same when
required, consist, in the first place, in an apparatus for generating or dis-
engaging carbonic acid gas, and communicating the said gas so disengaged to
other liquids, for the purpose of impregnating them with the air, and thereby
producing aerated or gaseous liquors.
In the second place; in an apparatus by which bottles or other vessels may
be filled with the aerated liquor, and corked tight without permitting the gas to
escape.
And in the third place, in a peculiar construction of portable vessel for
holding the gaseous or aerated liquor, and discharging any portions of it into a
drinking glass or other receptacle at such times as it may be required for use
at the refreshment table.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 represents a perspective view of the
first-mentioned apparatus for generating or disengaging carbonic acid gas, and
for communicating such gas to the liquor desired to be impregnated. a, a, is
the standard upon which the apparatus is mounted; b is a hollow globular
vessel of copper lined with lead, formed by two hemispheres connected by
flanges and screw bolts. To the upper part of this globe a cylindrical or
conical tube c, of copper lined with lead, is attached by secure brazing,
rivetting, or otherwise. About four-fifths of the interior of the globe b is to
be occupied with diluted sulphuric acid, in the proportions of about five parts
of water to one of acid, "mixed some time before it is used, in order that it
may be cool when applied. Into this solution, cartridges made of carbonate
of lime or other suitable material packed in small paper cases, are to be
introduced for the purpose of generating or liberating the carbonic acid gas;
and it may be stated, that the quantity of carbonate of lime used should be
about equal to 'the weight of the acid. The upper end of the tube c must
be, in the first instance, open for the introduction of the diluted acid and the
carbonate; but before the commencement of the operation of impregnating
the liquor required to be aerated, the aperture must be closed by
an iron
plug d, having a collar of leather, which plug is to be pressed down by a

page_text: screw e, passed through an iron bridle attached to the ring on the neck of the
tube c.
The aperture at the top of the tube c being thus closed, the slider f,
which retains the cartridges in the tube and prevents them from falling down
into the acidulated liquor, must be drawn out, and a sufficient number of the
cartridges be allowed by that means to descend into the globe, when the
winch g being turned causes an agitator within the globular vessel to revolve
and to break the paper cartridges, thereby allowing the acidulated liquor to
act upon the carbonate of lime and to disengage the carbonic acid gas. It
should be observed, that both the slider f and the agitator within the globe
must be tinned in order to prevent the action of the acid upon them, and they
must be properly packed, so that the gas may not escape from the vessel. A
plug h may be inserted into the lower part of the globe for the purpose of
affording the means of discharging the contents of the vessel when required.
The gas thus generated or liberated in the globe passes up the tube c and
through an aperture in the side by a small air pipe, shewn by dots, into the
purifying vessel i, which vessel must be about three parts filled with water.
The gas is thus brought to the lower part of the vessel i, and thence bubbling
up through the water, becomes washed' and purified. From the upper part
of this vessel the gas now proceeds through a horizontal pipe or tube k to the
saturating or impregnating cylinders 1, l. The horizontal tube k is furnished
with a cock m to shut off or stop the progress of the gas, if required, and to
the said tube there is attached an instrument n, called a manometer, to
indicate the pressure of the gas as the process goes on. The pipe or horizontal
tube & forms a hollow axle, on which the cylinders 1, 1, are allowed to vibrate,
their bearings being in the forked arms of the standards o, o; the several por-
tions of the fixed and the moveable parts of the horizontal tube being connected
by'small pipes p, p. The cylinders must be nearly filled with pure water or
other liquor intended to be impregnated with the gas; which water is to be
introduced by turning up the front end of the cylinder and unscrewing the
socket of the cock q. The socket of the cock 9 having been again affixed and
made perfectly tight, the gas may be let into the cylinders by opening the stop
cock m in the horizontal tube, there being a valve in the bush or. coupling
piece opening inwards, which allows the free passage of the gas, but prevents
the liquid escaping from the saturating vessel. The cylinder is then to be
put into a state of rapid vibratory motion, for the purpose of causing the gas
to mingle intimately with the water or other liquor contained in the cylinder,
by which means the liquor will become perfectly aerated or impregnated. with
the carbonic acid gas, and may then be drawn off by the cock q into bottles
or other receptacles for use. The saturating vessel I prefer to make of copper

page_text: completely tinned on the inside, and it should be provided with a cock s for
the escape of air, as well as the cock q, by which the liquor is discharged. In
the interior of the cylinder a small tin pipe t is inserted, as shewn by dots,
which when the cylinder is in the position represented in the Figure, allows a
portion of the gas to be withdrawn by the cock s. There is also another
small tin pipe u within the cylinder, which communicates with the hollow axle
leading to the second cylindrical saturating vessel 1, the hollow axle being
furnished with a stop cock m and valve r, as in the former. In the positions
in which the first cylinder is shewn in the Figure, the gas would pass from
thence, on the stop cock being opened, into the second cylinder; but if the
position of the first cylinder was inverted, then the orifice of the pipe u being
in the liquor, the pressure of the gas would force the liquor into the second
cylinder, and then on closing the stop cock, the latter vessel would retain its
saturated liquor ready for use, whilst the former cylinder was being re-
plenished.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 2* represent the machine for bottling gaseous liquids. To
set this machine in operation, it must be previously put in communication
with one of the saturating cylinders. This is effected by means of two leaden
pipes, one of which is fixed on the side of the cock q of the saturating cylinder,
and the other on the cock v of the bottling machine. The other tube is fixed
on the one side to the cock s, and on the other to the cock w. By the action
of this machine the bottle is raised by means of a lever set in motion by the
foot of the operator. The orifice of the bottle is thus pressed against a washer
of caoutchouc or leather; the cork is introduced by the aperture x, and is
pushed downwards by the lever y; the cock w is then opened to establish in
the inside of the bottle the same pressure as in the cylinder. The cock vis
then opened to allow the liquid to run into the bottle, which gets filled, and
the air ascends, passing through the cocks w, s, and occupies the upper part of
the cylinder. When the bottle is full, the cork is driven in by the lever y, it
passing down the copper tube, and enters the neck of the bottle, which is thus
filled and corked at the same time. The cork is secured by a crossed_string
or wire, when the operation is finished.
Fig. 3 and 3*, 4 and 5, represent the vases or vessels in which all kinds
of gaseous liquids may be introduced and emitted at pleasure. To introduce
gaseous liquids in these kinds of vases no machinery is requisite; the mouth
of the spout by which the gaseous liquids escape being of a conical form, it is
only requisite to press it into a conical tube communicating with the cylinder,
and then by depressing the lever of the vase, and opening the cock of the
saturating cylinder, the gaseous liquid rushes in the vase or vessel. The air

page_text: contained in the vase is allowed to escape through an appropriate aperture
closed by an iron stopper. The Fig. 4 shews the manner of filling the vases;
the Fig. 5, the manner of discharging the contents. The vase is represented
in side elevation in Fig. 3, and may be made of metal, glass, china, or stone-
ware; it is by the spout that the liquid is introduced and emitted; by pressing
on the lever b, the liquid is allowed to enter or to escape. This lever has
internally two teeth, similar to those of a pinion; these teeth raise a piston,
which is pressed down by a coiled spring, seen in the section, Fig. 3*. This
piston operates in two ways, first, it closes by its lower extremity the hole by
which the gascous liquid is to escape from the vase, and this part may bo
made of metal as a valve, or of leather, cork, or other material.
Secondly, it ascends in a stuffing box, which allows of the piston proceeding
upwards without the liquid escaping, and reaching the spring, the liquid
having no other issue, and driven by the internal pressure is forced through
the spout a.
Inside this vase (see Fig. 3) is a glass tube c; it is secured in
its upper part with sealing wax to the neck of the vase for the purpose of
causing the liquid to enter and escape by this channel; d is a regulating
screw to give more or less tension to the spring which maintains the piston in
its seat; e, screw plug, closing an aperture which allows the air contained in
the vase to escape; this aperture serves also to introduce syrups and other
liquids in order to prepare refreshing draughts.
In witness whereof, I, the said Miles Berry, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand