Improvements in Ingot-piercing Methods and Appliances.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Dec., 1897-Accepted, 12th Feb., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ingot-piercing Methods and Appliances.
I, EDMUND LUCAS COOPER, of 78, Sycamore Road, Handsworth, in the County
of Stafford, Assistant Tube Works Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
My invention relates to improved methods of and means for piercing copper and
steel ingots while hot, and has for its object the piercing of such ingots without
the use of dies for enclosing the ingots during the operation. Such dies restrict
the lateral expansion of the ingots during piercing, and therefore increase the force
required for the piercing operation, as the dies cause the expansion to take place
longitudinally. Besides this the dies force the scale on the outside of the ingot
into its surface, thus producing sears which are very objectionable, more especially
when the ingots are to be subsequently drawn into thin tubes.
My invention consists in a method of and means for piercing hot metal ingots
without the use of dies for enclosing the ingots during the operation, and thus pro-
ducing ingots free from sears.
In carrying my invention into effect according to one modification,
Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section, and
Figure 2 a sectional elevation of my improved piercing appliance.
I support the ingot A to be pierced on a suitable table G having a hole G¹ in it
to pass the head of the mandril B as the piercing is completed, I provide a cross
head D having a conical counter sink Di by means of which the ingot is held
central with relation to a hole B, in which is placed a guide bush E. This guide
bush E is a working fit for the head of the mandril B carried on the mandril bar C.
The cross head is held down on the ingot by means of bolts F, F', which are so fixed
to the table G that they can be easily and rapidly raised and lowered for the extrac-
tion of the pierced ingot, and the insertion of a fresh blank ingot.
The method of operation is as follows,-The cross head D) is raised and the blank
ingot A inserted. Then the cross-head is lowered to centre and hold the ingot.
The mandril B is now entered into the guide bush E, and forced through the ingot
by the application of pressure to the mandril bar C by the usual means. The
ingot is thus pierced without lateral support.
I may use an extra guide above the cross head to further steady the mandril
during the piercing operation. I may also have a hole A', drilled about one inch
deep in the end of the ingot A to be pierced, to assist true centering of the piercing
mandril, B.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1, The method of and means for piercing hot metal ingots without lateral
support during the operation, as and for the purposes described.

page_text: 2,—The combined cross head and centering appliance substantially as described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 22nd December 1807
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.