Improvements in Rotary Engines.
Year: 1896

page_text: I, CARL BAYER, of 15, Opernring, Vienna I, in the Empire of Austria,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to that class of engines, in which the motive power is
derived from the combustion of explosive mixtures of a hydrocarbon, gas or vapour
and air, and it has for its object to avoid the shocks caused by the inertia of
reciprocating parts, so as to make such engines better suited for use with road
vehícles.
According to my invention I arrange a number, say 2" (preferably four)
equidistant cylinders with pistons tangentially around the circumference of a
wheel keyed to the shaft to be driven, each cylinder operating a crank shaft
journalled on the periphery of the said wheel and carrying a small toothed wheel.
The 2 (four) toothed wheels, which, are located at one side of the large wheel,
in one and the same plane, gear with the fixed toothed wheel, the diameter of
which is 2 (four) times as large as that of the small wheels.
The mixture of gas and air, or vapour and air, is admitted through passages
formed in the nave and spokes of the large wheel to be driven and its ignition
is effected by an electric spark. The exhaust valves may be connected with the
crank shafts, and the cylinders are preferably arranged to swing on trunnions.
Dated this 5th day of October 1896.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
CITIO 110.
Improvements in Rotary Engines.
I, CARL BAYER, of 15, Opernring, Vienna I, in the Empire of Austria,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to that class of engines in which the motive power is
derived from the combustion of explosive mixtures of a hydrocarbon, gas or vapour
and air, and it has for its object to avoid the shocks caused by the inertia of
reciprocating parts so as to make such engines better suited for use with vessels
and road vehicles.
According to my invention, I arrange an even number, say 2" (preferably four)
equidistant cylinders with pistons tangentially around the circumference of a

page_text: wheel keyed to the shaft to be driven, each cylinder operating a crank shaft
journalled on the periphery of the said wheel and carrying a small toothed wheel.
The 2 (four) toothed wheels, which are located at one side of the large wheel,
in one and the same plane, gear with a fixed toothed wheel, the diameter of
which is 2" (four) times as large as that of the small wheels.
The mixture of gas and air, or vapour and air, is admitted through passages
formed in the nave and spokes of the large wheel to be driven and its ignition
is effected by an electric spark.
The accompanying drawing shews my invention as applied to a stationary
engine. In the sud drawing:-
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the engine, the plane of the section con-
taining the axes of the four cylinders;
Figure 2 is a vertical section on the line X--X, ligure 1,
Figure 3 shows the face of a distribution box hereinafter described; and
Figure 4 is a diagram shewing the method of connecting up the sparking
device.
of
Referring to Figures 1 and 2 a is the shaft to be rotated, which has keyed to
it a wheel the rim of which is formed of two rings 63, 63 bolted to cheeks
the spokes b. To the said rings are secured the pillow blocks 63 adapted to receive
the bearings for the trunnions of the swinging cylinders I, II, III, IV, and the
blocks 6 for the corresponding crank shafts I, II; III and IV. One of the
plummer blocks of the shaft a has rigidly secured to it a toothed wheel c, with
with which the toothed wheels c¹, 2, 3 and 4 keyed to the shafts I, II, III'
and IV gear. The said toothed wheels, the diameter of each of which is to that
of the fixed toothed wheel as 1 : 4, make four revolutions for each revolution of
the wheel b, b, b, carrying the piston cylinders. While the cylinder I moves
from the position shewn in Figure 1 to the position occupied by the cylinder II
in the said figure it sucks in a charge of the explosive mixture and compresses
it. When in the latter position ignition takes place and during the movement
between the positions shewn at II and III expansion and exhaustion. Whilst
moving between the positions indicated at III and IV a fresh charge is sucked
in and compressed and so on. It will thus, be seen that at each quarter of a
revolution of the wheel b, b', b², be an explosion takes place in two cylinders placed
at an angle of 180° to one another, that is to say, in I and III, or II and IV.
I do not limit myself to any special arrangement and construction of devices
for introducing and igniting the explosive mixture. The means shewn and
hereinafter described illustrate one way of effecting the desired operation.
According to the arrangement illustrated the admission of the explosive
mixture into any one of the cylinders takes place through one of the tubular
trunnions d, the pipe d' and the passages and formed in the spoke and its
cheeks. The spoke passage opens into a chamber formed in the nave and
having an orifice closed. by a valve d³ at the side of the nave which is recessed
and against which the face of the distribution box f which is shaped accordingly
is held in contact by springs, the neck f¹ of the said distribution box being pre-
vented from turning by keys. It will be seen from Figure 3 that the distribution
box is provided with a circular groove f into which project the ends of the
stems of the valves in the nave, and that this circular groove is interrupted
at the points where the valves are to open for the purpose of admitting an
explosive charge or of exhausting the products of combustion. The distribution
box at the points referred to is also provided with admission ports f* com-
municating with the inlet pipe f and with exhaust ports f communicating with
the exhaust pipe f
For the ignition of the explosive mixture the spokes carry induction
coils I, II, III and IV. The primary coils, which consist of a few layers of
thick wire, have one pole connected to an insulated contact ring 9, mounted on
the nave and having sliding over it a brush g', connected with one pole of the
source of electricity G. The other poles of the primary coils of I and III³ are

page_text: connected to a contact ring also mounted upon the nave and having two sets
of toothed projections h, arranged at an angle of 180° to one another in positions
corresponding to the positions of ignition of the cylinders I and III. The
brush which is connected to the other pole of the source of electricity G makes
and breaks the circuit rapidly during the time that the toothed projections h
are sliding under it, whilst for the remainder of the revolution there is no contact
between the brush and ring. The other poles of the primary coils in II and IV*
are, in a similar manner to that just described, connected to a contact ring g
having toothed projections h¹, arranged at an angle of 180° to one another and
of 900 to the projections h. The brush g, which has current conducted to it
by the same wire as the brush g' also rapidly makes and breaks the primary
circuit as the toothed projections slide under it. With this arrangement
currents of high tension are induced in the secondary coils, which consist of
numerous coils of thin wire. Each secondary circuit is provided with sparking
points projecting into its passage and effecting the ignition of the compressed
charge when a spark passes between them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a rotary engine, the combination with a wheel, secured to the shaft to
be driven, of pistons and cylinders mounted on the rim of the said wheel, crank
shafts also mounted on the said rim and adapted to be driven by the pistons,
toothed wheels secured to the said crank shafts and gearing with a fixed toothed
wheel, and means for causing a motive fluid to flow into and out of the cylinders,
substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
2. The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved rotary
engine hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated the 4th day of August 1897
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.