Improvements in Enamelling Metals.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 4th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 10th Jan., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Enamelling Metals.
We ALFRED EDWARD ROBINSON of Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford,
Chemist and WILLIAM HUMPHREY WHEATLEY of 3 East Down Park Lewisham in
the County of Kent Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention for improvements in enamelling meta's is to enable the
operator to regulate the temperature of the articles enamelled with greater accuracy
than has been possible with the methods heretofore employed so as to suit the varying
degrees of temperature required for the operation of burning in the different enainels
manipulated, and by these means to ensure a more perfect fixing of the said enamels,
and by greatly reducing the amount of handling of the articles to reduce also the
liability to bending and buckling of the plates or other articles operated on.
In the process of enamelling metal plates and the like as ordinarily conducted the
said plates are first thoroughly cleaned and scoured, then heated to a high temperature
in a mufle or oven after which the first or ground enamel is applied, the temperature
lowered, and the remaining colours if any fixed upon this ground, consequently, the
succeeding enamels must be of lower fusing temperatures than the first or ground,
otherwise the ground would be burnt.
In enamelling metal plates and other articles according to this invention the article
to be enamelled instead of being heated in a muffle or oven before the application of
the enamel is beated by a current of electricity from a dynamo-electric machine or
other suitable electric generator.
The article is connected at its opposite ends to suitable clips or terminal pieces
which are connected to the two poles of the electric generator so that the said article
forms the principal resistance in the circuit. The current is regulated to suit the
different fusing points of the various enamels employed.
Dated this 4th day of February 1800
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents.
_ COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Enamelling Metals.
We ALFRED EDWARD ROBINSON of Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford,
Chemist, and WILLIAM HUMPHREY WHEATLEY of 3 East Down Park, Lewisham, in
the County of Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention for improvements in enamelling metals is to enable the
operator to regulate the temperature of the articles enamelled with greater accuracy
than has been possible with the methods heretofore employed so as to suit the varying
degrees of temperature required for the operation of burning in the different enamels
manipulated, and by these means to ensure a more perfect fixing of the said enamels
and by greatly relucing the amount of handling of the articles to reduce also the
liability to bending and buckling of the plates or other articles operated on.
In the process of enamelling metal plates and the like as ordinarily conducted, the
said plates are first thoroughly cleaned and scoured, then heated to a high temperature
in a muffle or oven after which the first or ground enamel is applied, the temperature
lowered, and the remaining colours if any fixed upon this ground, consequently the

page_text: succeeding enamels must be of lower fusing temperatures than the first or ground,
otherwise the ground would be burnt.
In enamelling metal plates and other articles according to this invention, the article
to be enamelled instead of being heated in a muffle or oven before the application of
the enamel is heated by a current of electricity from a dynamo-electric machine or
other suitable electric generator. The article is connected at its opposite ends to
suitable clips or terminal pieces which are connected to the two poles of the electric
generator so that the said article forms the principal resistance in the circuit. The
current is regulated to suit the different fusing points of the various enamels
employed.
In the accompanying sheet of illustrated drawings
Figure 1 is a side elevation of an arrangement of apparatus for holding and
conveying the electric current to the metal plates to heat them during the process of
enamelling, constructed according to this invention, and
Figure 2 is an end elevation and
Figure 3 a plan of the same.
h
The plate a to be enamelled is firmly clamped by the screws and plates c to the
brackets which are secured to the insulating base e by the screws f. The brackets d
are connected through the terminals to the two poles of any suitable electric
generator preferably of the alternating current class. An electric current regulator
is inserted in the circuit so as to regulate the current according to the temperature
required to fuse the desired enamel and which may be indicated if desired by any
suitable form of pyrometer or the current may be regulated by varying the speed of
the engine driving the dynamo-electric generator or by a switch varying the number
of battery cells employed or their coupling up.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The method of heating plates during the process of enamelling consisting in
subjecting them to the action of an electric current which can be regulated according
to the temperature required, substantially as described.
2. Enamelling metal plates substantially as described with reference to the drawings.
Dated this 4th day of December 1890.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.