An Improved Centrifugal Pump.
Year: 1889

page_text: An Improved Centrifugal Pump.
1 Doctor JOSÉ MARTINEZ-ANCIRA of 95 Boulevard Beaumarchais Paris in the
Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to produce
:1
simple apparatus by means of which
liquids can he raised in a uniform manner, and solely by centrifugal force, to
considerable heights.
The apparatus consists of a vertical rotating tube or body open at both ends, and of
which the diameter increases gradually upwards; a central rotating shaft extending
through, and along the axis of the tube, and by which the tube is carried; and means.
intended to receive and conduct outside the tube, the liquids being raised thereby.
In the accompanying drawing,
Fig. 1 represents the apparatus in vertical section.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line X X; and
Fig. 3 a similar section on the line Y Y, both of Fig. 1.
A is the vertical rotating tube, of inverted truncated conical form, splayed
outwards at its upper and larger end.-It is essential that the upper and lower
ends of this tube should be of different diameters.
C is a vertical shaft or spindle, to which the tube A is fixed by means of arms D..
This spindle is prolonged beyond the lower end of the tube, and works in a step
bearing suitably arranged to receive it. At its upper end, this spindle is steadied
by the bearing, adjustably secured to the frame B of the pump.
At any convenient height above the tube A, the spindle C carries a mitre pinion C³,
which gears with the mitre wheel F, carried by the shaft G, which is supported in
bearings in the frame B and the piece h, and receive motion from a handle. Between
the top of the tube and the pinion, the spindle carries a sort of circular cap or
deflector K, which is secured to the spindle Ċ by the thumb screw I. The position of
the deflector may be regulated on the spindle by the screw, according to the different
speeds of the ascending currents of varying liquid, the object being to avoid the risk
that any of the liquids strike violently against the deflector, and thereby prevent the
free working of the apparatus.
A collector M, furnished with discharging mouths or pipes m² m², by which also the
collector is secured to the frame, is arranged round the upper end of the tube A,
without however touching the deflector K. The tubes m² m² can also be placed,
without the least inconvenience, in a horizontal position, as shown by dotted lines P.
When it is desired to work the apparatus, the lower end of the tube is submerged
in the liquid, and rotary motion is communicated to the tube by means of the
handle &c.
The rotary motion given to the tube sucks up the liquid, and causes it to creep up
the tube, from which it passes, if the rotation is rapid, to the deflector, and is thereby
guided to the collector M, from which it escapes by the tubes m² m² or P, or in any
other convenient manner. When the rotation is less rapid, the liquid will simply
overflow into the collector. The route followed by the liquid is indicated in Fig. 1.
The above described apparatus may be properly called a "centrifugal pump," a
name which has been wrongly given to pumps in which the spindle carries blades, and
in which centrifugal force plays a very small part. These pumps act on the principle
of the Archimedean screw, and only raise the liquid by a series of successive blows.
In the present pump, on the contrary, the liquid raises itself entirely by centrifugal
force, and constantly. Further, the conical form of the tube obviates the necessity
for blades &c. In fact, by the present invention, one of the most natural and
efficacious applications of centrifugal force is successfully made.

page_text: Not only is advantage taken of the natural tendency of the material operated upon
to take a direction tangential to the axis of movement, but the effect of this move
ment is augmented by making the sides of the tube to present an appropriate
tangential course, in such a manner that resistance is reduced to a minimum, and a
uniform movement of the liquid is thus obtained.
A similar effect can be obtained by means of a spiral attached inside the conical
tube.
Experiments which have been made conclusively demonstrate that the new centri-
fugal pump can be worked with less power than the so called centrifugal pumps at
present in use, and the new pump can raise liquids to any height whatever, an effect
which the other pumps named are powerless to produce.
If, in certain cases, liquid has to be raised to great heights, or the operation
has to be conducted in a limited space, the conical tube may be combined with a long
cylindrical tube without changing in any respect the nature of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
:-
1st. The improved centrifugal pump as herein shown and described.
2nd. In a centrifugal pump, the use of a vertical conical tube which dips into the
liquid to be raised, and is carried by a central vertical spindle, to which rotary motion
is communicated in any convenient manner, as set forth.
3rd. In a centrifugal pump, the use of a rotating vertical conical tube, to which
is attached internally a spiral, as and for the purpose set forth.
4th. In a centrifugal pump, the combination of a vertical conical tube, to which
rotary motion is communicated in any convenient manner, with a collector surrounding
the upper end of said tube, as set forth.
5th. In a centrifugal pump in which a rotating vertical conical tube carried by a
central spindle is employed, the use of a deflector K, mounted adjustably on the same
spindle, as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 4th day of November 1889.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.