IMPROVEMENTS IN COLOURING MATTERS SUITABLE FOR DYEING AND PRINTING, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Anthony Dixon, of 175, West George Street,
in the City of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Solicitor, for
an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COLOURING MATTERS SUITABLE FOR
DYEING AND PRINTING, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME." A com-
munication from abroad by Doctor Karl Koenig, of Hoechst am Maine,
near Frankfort, in the Empire of Germany, Chemist, and a Director of the
Company trading there under the style of Farbwerke vorm. Meister Lucius
and Brüning.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Joseph Anthony Dixon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th October 1880.
JOSEPH ANTHONY DIXON, of 175, West George Street, in the City of Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark, North Britain, Solicitor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN COLOURING
MATTERS SUITABLE FOR DYEING AND PRINTING, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
THE SAME." A communication from abroad by Doctor Karl Koenig, of Hoechst
am Maine, near Frankfort, in the Empire of Germany, Chemist, and a Director
of the Company trading there under the style of Farbwerke vorm. Meister Lucius
and Brüning.
This Invention has for its object the production of new red, brown, and violet
colouring matters by the action of the diazo compounds of the aromatic acids, and
of their ethers on the mono and disulpho-acids of betanaphtol, or their sodium, or
other equivalent salts, which colouring matters have a much greater dyeing power
than those obtained from the action of diazo compounds of the aromatic
hydrocarbons on the above named naphtol sulpho acids, or the salts thereof.
The use of the said diazo compounds of aromatic acids and of their ethers for the
production of azo colours is novel. By aromatic acids I mean the organic acids
which contain a residue of benzol or napthalene, and which may be considered as
derived by means of alterations in the side chain or side chains, or prolonged side
[ Price S31

page_text: chain or side chains, of a benzolic or naphthalenic nucleus, whereby one or several
carboxyl groups are produced. The diazo compounds of the aromatic acids, as
for example, of benzoic acid, toluylic acid, cinnamic acid, phtalic acid, naphtoic
acid, and the like, as also the diazo compounds of their ethylic, methylic, and amylic,
and other analogous ethers are, in manner well known to chemists, obtained by
the action of molecular equivalents of nitrous acid on the amido compounds of the
said aromatic acids and of their said ethers.
The following formula explains by way of example the formation of the said
diazo compounds:
\N=NCI
that is to say, from the muriate-amido-benzoic-acid-ethyl-ether, or the hydrochlorate
of the ethylic ether of amido benzoic acid, there is obtained by the action of
muriatic acid and nitrite of sodium the chloride of diazo-benzoic-acid-ethyl-ether,
besides chloride of sodium and water. Whereas the diazo compounds of the said
aromatic acids with the said betanaphtolsulpho acids or their salts produce poorer
colours, ranging from brownish red to brownish violet, the diazo con pounds of the
ethers of the aromatic acids give colouring matters ranging from brilliant reds to
brilliant violets and very rich in dyeing power.
I obtain brownish yellow red colouring matters from both the betanaphtol-
monosulpho acids, and brilliant blueish red shades from the disulpho acids of
betanapshtol, specified by Frank Wirth, under his Letters Patent, dated 29th
April, A.D. 1878, No. 1715.
The following is an example and an illustration of the process by which the
colouring matters are produced :-
Colouring matter obtained from para-amido-benzoic-acid-ethyl-ether and beta-
naphtol disulpho acid (the acid of salt R mentioned in Wirth's aforesaid
Specification).
36 lbs. of para-amido-benzoic-acid-ethyl-ether are dissolved in 44 lbs. of muriatic
acid of 20° Beaumé and 45 gallons of water, and after the solution has been well
cooled, 15 lbs. of pure nitrite of sodium are added. The diazo compound thus
obtained is now added to an alkaline solution of 77 lbs. of disulphobetanaptholic
sodium salt (the salt R mentioned in Wirth's aforesaid Specification).
colouring matter separates in form of a red powder, and is obtained in a pure state
by dissolving and precipitating by common salt. Dyed on wool, cotton, and silk
it gives a brilliant scarlet red.
The
If in this process I substitute the para-amido-benzoic-acid-ethyl-ether by, for
instance, the para-amido-cinnamic-acid-ethyl ether, I then obtain a colouring
matter dyeing a more bluish shade.
I obtain violet colouring matters by replacing the para-amido-benzoic-acid-ethyl-
ether by the ethers of the two isomeric-amido-naphtoic acids (alpha and beta).
Through this process I have the means in my hand of producing a great number
of new and important coloring matters which have a much greater colouring
power than the azo colours heretofore known.
The described proportions may be varied within certain limits, and the described
method of purifying the colouring matters may also be modified in convenient and
suitable manner.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the same is or may
be used or practically carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I
consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as to be secured to me by the
before mentioned Letters Patent is.
The production of azo colours by reacting in manner hereinbefore described, or

page_text: in any manner substantially the same, with the diazo compounds of the aromatic
acids, or of their ethers, upon the mono or disulpho acids of beta naphtol, or the salts
thereof, all hereinbefore described.
.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Anthony Dixon, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventh day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred eighty.
JOSEPH ANTHONY DIXON. (L.S.)