IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF CHARGING CEMENT KILNS to be as follows:
Year: 1885

page_text: I WILLIAM JOY of Stonebridge, Hill Northfleet in the County of Kent Cement
Burner do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE METHOD OF CHARGING CEMENT KILNS to be as follows:--
"
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in charging
cement kilns with slurry and coke breeze or other fuel in a fine state of division.
The ordinary methods of using fuel in a fine state of division in the manufacture
of cement are as follows:-The kiln is fully charged with layers of dried slurry in
lumps alternating with layers of the fuel or the kiln is fully charged with lumps of
dried slurry among and around which lumps the fuel is distributed as the lumps
are placed in the kiln. Or the fuel is mixed with the slurry while the latter is in
a wet state and the mixture is dried and the kiln is fully charged with lumps of
the dried mixture and fuel in lumps. When the charging of the kiln in either of
these ways is completed the charge is ignited at the lower part and allowed to burn
out or when the charge is nearly burned out a part of the burnt charge is with-
drawn at the lower part of the kiln and the kiln is filled up with slurry and fuel
as hereinbefore described. The use of the said finely divided fuel as hereinbefore
described is attended by the following disadvantages. In the case of a charge
consisting of lumps of slurry and layers of fine fuel or of lumps of slurry with fine
fuel among and around them the fine fuel in those parts of the charge above the
part which is burning runs down between the lower lumps of slurry as the charge
in burning shrinks and descends in the kiln and in the case of the mixture of
slurry and fuel the lumps thereof break and crumble in the process of removal from
the drying floor and while being charged into the kiln and as the charge in burning
shrinks and descends in the kiln the finer portions of the broken lumps falling
between the lower lumps. By this descent of the fuel or of the finer portions of the
broken lumps the draught in parts of the kiln is stopped or much obstructed and
in consequence irregularity in the burning of the charge is produced some parts
thereof being overburned and others insufficiently burned.
The object of my improvements is to obviate the said disadvantages.
According to my said Invention I charge the lower part of the kiln in any
suitable way and ignite the charge and when the fire is through the charge I throw
coke breeze or other suitable fuel in powder or in a finely divided state or in small
pieces and lumps of dried or partially dried slurry onto those parts of the
surface of the hurning charge whence the flames are issuing freely until sufficient

page_text: has been deposited to partly check the draught at the said parts but not
entirely to stop it and I then allow the said deposit or deposit of slurry and fuel to
burn through or nearly through. Meanwhile as the flames burst through at other
parts I throw on such parts further quantities of slurry and fuel and allow them
to burn through or nearly through and so continue feeding the kiln by throwing
the slurry and fuel onto the surface of the charge as the flames break through
freely until the kiln is sufficiently charged when I allow it to remain until the
whole is thoroughly burned. Or I draw part of the burned charge from the lower
part of the kiln before the upper part of the charge is completely burned and
further charge the kiln according to my improved method hereinbefore described
and thus work the kiln continuously.
Instead of feeding the kiln with coke breeze or other fuel and lumps of slurry
as hereinbefore described I in some cases feed the kiln partly or entirely with coke
breeze or other fuel and slurry in the form of powder or small pieces and in some
cases I feed the kiln with a dried or partially dried mixture of slurry and coke
breeze or other suitable fuel.
In all cases I throw the fuel and slurry into the kiln only when the charge is
burning and only onto those parts of the charge which are burning freely and only
in sufficient quantity to partly check the draught at the parts where the fuel and
slurry are deposited and after throwing a sufficient quantity of fuel and slurry
onto any one part of the charge I allow the fuel so thrown on to become ignited
and to burn freely before throwing more on the same part by which means I
avoid the objections herein before referred to which attend the use of coke breeze
and other like fuel in cement kilns charged in the ordinary way.
:
Dated thin tuan
T
100%

page_text: 'I WILLIAM JOY of Stonebridge Hill Northfleet in the County of Kent Cement
Burner do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the.
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement':-
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in charging
cement kilns with slurry and coke breeze or other fuel in a fine state of division.
The ordinary methods of using fuel in a fine state of division in the manufacture.
of cement are as follows. The kiln is fully charged with layers of dried slurry in
lumps alternating with layers of the fuel or the kiln is fully charged with luinps
of dried slurry among and around which lumps the fuel is distributed as the lumps
are placed in the kiln. Or the fuel is mixed with the slurry while the latter is
in a wet state and the mixture is dried and the kiln is fully charged with lumps
of the dried mixture and fuel in lumps. When the charging of the kiln in either
of these ways is completed the charge is ignited at the lower part and allowed to
burn out or when the charge is nearly burned out a part of the burnt charge is
withdrawn, at the lower part of the kiln and the kiln is filled up with slurry.and
fuel as hereinbefore described. The use of the said finely divided fuel as herein-
before described is attended by the following disadvantages. In the case of a
charge consisting of lumps of slurry and layers of fine fuel or of lumps of slurry
with fine fuel among and around them the fine fuel in those parts of the charge
above the part which is burning runs down between the lower lumps of slurry as
the charge in burning shrinks and descends in the kiln and in the case of the
mixture of slurry and fuel the lumps thereof break and crumble in the process of
removal from the drying floors and while being charged into the kiln and as the
charge in burning shrinks and descends in the kiln the finer portions of the broken
lumps falling between the lower lumps. By this descent of the fuel or of the finer
portions of the broken lumps the draught in parts of the kiln is stopped or much
obstructed and in consequence irregularity in the burning of the charge is produced
some parts thereof being overburned and others insufficiently burned.
The object of my improvements is to obviate the said disadvantages.
According to my said Invention I charge the lower part of the kiln in any
suitable way and ignite the charge and when the fire is through the charge I throw
coke breeze or other suitable fuel in powder or in a finely divided state or in
small pieces and lumps of dried or partially dried slurry onto those parts of the
surface of the burning charge whence the flames are issuing freely until sufficient
has been deposited to partly check the draught at the said parts but not entirely
to stop it and I then allow the said deposit or deposits of slurry and fuel to burn
through or nearly through. Meanwhile as the flames burst through at other parts
I throw on such parts further quantities of slurry and fuel and allow them to burn
through or nearly through and so continue feeding the kiln by throwing the
slurry and fuel onto the surface of the charge as the flames break through freely
and at the parts where the flames break through until the kiln is sufficiently
charged when I either allow it to remain until the whole is thoroughly burned or
I draw part of the burned charge from the lower part of the kiln before the upper
part of the charge is completely burned and then proceed to further charge the
kiln according to my improved method herein before described and thus work the
kiln continuously.
Instead of feeding the kiln with coke breeze or other fuel and lumps of slurry
as herein before described I in some cases feed the kiln partly or entirely with coke

page_text: •
breeze or other fuel in the form of powder or small pieces and dried slurry in the
form of powder or small pieces and in some cases I feed the kiln with a dried
mixture of slurry and coke breeze or other suitable fuel the said. dried mixture
being either in the form of lumps or in the form of powder or small pieces. Or
I feed the kiln with a mixture (either in the form of lumps or in other form)
consisting of slurry and coke breeze or other fuel in powder or small pieces after
drying the said mixture only to such an extent as to admit of its being crumbled
or broken or otherwise reduced to small pieces or to a powdery state.
In all cases I first partly charge the kiln in any suitable way which will admit
of the charge being readily ignited and after igniting it I allow it to burn until
the fire is well through the charge before further charging or feeding the kiln as
hereinbefore described and in so feeding the kiln I throw the fuel and. slurry only.
onto those parts of the charge which are burning freely and only in sufficient
quantity to partly check the draught at the part or parts where the fuel and
slurry are deposited and after throwing onto any part of the charge a sufficient
quantity of fuel and slurry to partly check the draught at that part I allow the
fuel so thrown on to become ignited and to burn freely before throwing more!
on the same part by which means I avoid the objections herein before referred to
which attend the use of coke breeze and other like fuel in cement kilns charged in
the ordinary way.
In working according to my invention slurry made of any of the ordinary
mixtures of ingredients may be used and slurry and fuel may be used in the
ordinary relative proportions which as is well known vary according to the kind
of fuel selected for use and the weight of cement required. For instance where
coke breeze is used and cement of average weight is required the coke breeze may
be used in such a proportion as will be equivalent to two thirds of a chaldron
thereof to every ton of the burnt clinker produced in the kiln. As hereinbefore
stated the kiln may be started by charging the lower part in any suitable way and
igniting the charge. One suitable method of charging the lower part of the kiln
consists in placing the ordinary quantity of coke and other fuel on the fire
bars and placing on the coke a layer of about one foot deep of dried or partially
dried slurry.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
The improvements hereinbefore described in the method of charging cement
kilns which improvements consist essentially in throwing or feeding onto the
burning charge in a partly charged kiln either lumps of dried or partially dried
slurry and coke. breeze or other fuel in the form of powder or small pieces or
dried and powdered slurry and coke breeze or other fuel in the form of powder or
small pieces or lumps of a dried or partially dried mixture of slurry and fuel in
the form of powder or small pieces or a dried or partially dried and powdered or
powdery or crumbling mixture of slurry and coke breeze or other fuel the said
slurry and fuel whether separate or in admixture in the form of lumps or powder
or crumbling masses being thrown or fed into the kiln in successive portions at
intervals as the burning proceeds and being deposited on those parts of the
burning charge which at the time are burning freely and in such quantities and
at such intervals as to only temporarily check or diminish the draught at the
said parts.
Deted this eighteenth day of September 1886