IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF NON-CONDUCTING SUBSTANCES FOR IMPEDING THE PASSAGE OF HEAT
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Allcock Jones, of Middlesboro'-on-Tees, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF NON-CONDUCTING SUBSTANCES FOR IMPEDING THE PASSAGE OF
HEAT."
Sealed the 21st August 1866, and dated the 9th May 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Allcock Jones at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th May 1866.
I, JOHN ALLCOCK JONES, of Middlesboro'-on-Tees, in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF NON-CONDUCTING SUBSTANCES FOR IMPEDING THE PASSAGE OF
HEAT," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the manufacture of non-conducting substances by
the use of peat, turf, bog, or other similar accumulations of vegetable matter
found in various situations, more particularly the peat found in the neigh-
bourhood of the Tees, where it exists under the top clay, such substances
being used either alone or in conjunction with other substances in the manu-
facture of a non-conducting medium to be used for the purpose of wholly or
partially impeding the passage of caloric or heat, and as a covering for steam
and water pipes, boilers, heaters, and for other like purposes.
In carrying out my Invention in practice I proceed as follows:-I take
peat, turf, bog, or other similar vegetable matters found in various situations,

page_text: and either alone or in conjunction with other substances such as Portland or
Roman cement, oxide of iron, lime, sand, cow hair, gypsum or sulphate of
lime, oil, and other materials, and mix them well together by friction, adding
such water or suitable liquid as is necessary to make it into a plastic compo<
sition. This composition is to be used for the purpose of preventing or
partially preventing the radiation or passage of caloric or heat. For this pur-
pose I apply it to steam pipes, water pipes, air pipes, boilers, heaters, vessels,
buildings, and to any purpose where it is required. I also use it as a plastic
covering for metallic and other surfaces.
The following proportions of ingredients will be found to give a good
result,
Peat, turf, or bog
Oxide of iron
-
100 lbs.
Roman or Portland cement
"
"
-
20
35
-
15
"
Lime
Sand
-
10
-
-
27
-
10
-
-
-
4
"
2
"
4
"
Cow-hair-
Gypsum or sulphate of lime
Oil
"
The whole of the above ingredients after the words "peat, turf, or bog"
may be omitted, or any one of the ingredients may be omitted, or the relative
proportion of each ingredient may be altered, or other ingredients added as
may be desired, the essential feature of the Invention being the use of peat,
turf, or bog, or similar vegetable matters as the principal ingredient in the
mixture for the purpose above mentioned. The composition is applied by hand
or trowel in one or more coats in conjunction with wood, or in various other
ways as the nature of the material or vessel to be coated may require. I also
cover the exterior of the non-conducting composition in certain cases with a
netting made of galvanized iron wire or other metal to prevent any disinte-
gration from weather or exposure, and I coat the whole with tar or paint or
similar material.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Allcock Jones, Her special license that I, the said John Allcock Jones,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Allcock Jones, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thercafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF NON-CONDUCTING SUBSTANCES FOR IMPEDING THE PASSAGE OF
HEAT,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Allcock
Jones, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and causc
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Lotters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Allcock Jones, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to bo per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention consists in the manufacture of non-conducting substances
by the use of peat, turf, bog, or other similar accumulations of vegetable
mattor, as well as silt, a deposit, part vegetable part carthy, found in various
situations, amongst which I may mention the neighbourhood of the Tees,
where it exists under the top clay, such substances boing used either alone or
in combination with other substances in the manufacture of a non-conducting
medium for the purpose of wholly or partially impeding the passage of caloric
or heat, and as a covering for steam and water pipes, boilers, heaters, for
lining ice houses, wine cellars, and other buildings, and for other purposes
where a non-conducting material is required or is found advantageous.
In practically carrying out my Invention I proceed as follows:-If the
substance be intended to be applied in a plastic stato I take peat, turf, bog,
or other similar vegetable or partly vegetable and partly carthy matter, such,
for example, as "silt," or that deposit, part earthy and part vegetable, which
in some districts is found next to and underneath the peat, and use such
matter either alone or in conjunction with Portland or Roman cement, oxide
of iron, lime, sand, cow hair, gypsum, or sulphate of lime, and mineral oil,

page_text: such, for example, as that distilled from shale, and mix them well together by
friction, adding sufficient water or other suitable liquid as is necessary to
reduce the mass to a plastic composition. This composition is to be used for
the purpose of preventing or partially preventing the radiation or passage of
caloric or heat. For this purpose I apply it to steam pipes, water pipes, air
pipes, boilers, heating vessels, buildings, and generally to all purposes where
the impeding of the passage of heat is required. I also use it as a plastic
covering or protective coating for metallic and other surfaces.
The following proportions of ingredients when peat, turf, bog, or silt is
used in combination with other substances I have found. to give a good
result:-
such, for example, as that distilled from shale, and mix them well together by
friction, adding sufficient water or other suitable liquid as is necessary to
reduce the mass to a plastic composition. This composition is to be used for
the purpose of preventing or partially preventing the radiation or passage of
caloric or heat. For this purpose I apply it to steam pipes, water pipes, air
pipes, boilers, heating vessels, buildings, and generally to all purposes where
the impeding of the passage of heat is required. I also use it as a plastic
covering or protective coating for metallic and other surfaces.
The following proportions of ingredients when peat, turf, bog, or silt is
used in combination with other substances I have found. to give a good
result:-
Feat, turf, bog, siit, or a mixture of them in any100 lbs.
desired proportion
Roman or Portland cement
Oxide of iron
"
Lime
Sand
Cow hair
20 lbs.
15 lbs.
10 lbs.
10 lbs.
4 lbs.
2 lbs.
4 lbs.
Gypsum or sulphate of lime
Mineral oil
-
If preferred the whole of the above ingredients after the words "peat, turf,
bog, or silt" may be omitted, or any one of the ingredients may be omitted or
the relative proportion of each ingredient may be varied, or other ingredients
added as may be desired, the essential feature of my Invention being the use
of peat, turf, bog, silt, or similar matters, such as coal dust and charcoal dust,
for the purpose specified. This composition when used in a plastic state may
be applied by hand or by a trowel in one or more coats in conjunction with
wood or otherwise, according to the nature of the material or of the surface
to which it is to be applied. Hay bands may also be used to facilitate the
putting on of the composition or material to pipes, and in order to render such
hay bands incombustible they may be saturated in lime and water or other
calcareous substance.
In some cases I propose to give stability to the non-conducting coating
by covering the same with iron wire netting, galvanized or not, or wirework
of other metals, thereby preventing any disintegration of the composition from
the action of the weather or other causes, and I coat the whole with tar,
paint, or similar material. In lieu of applying peat, turf, bog, or "slit " in a
plastic state, as hercin-before described, it may be used for certain purposes,
either alone or in combination with the other ingredients heroin-before

page_text: mentioned in the form of rectangular or other shaped cakes, blocks, or bricks.
These cakes, blocks, or bricks will be found useful for lining or building wine
cellars, ice houses, and other buildings or constructions where the non-
conducting property of the material will be found useful and desirable. Solid
blocks or cakes of the before-mentioned material of any shape or size, with or
without admixture with the other ingredients herein-before mentioned, may
also be used for covering cylinders, boilers, heaters, pipes, and vessels for the
purpose specified.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel
and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The application and use for the purpose of impeding the passage of
heat or caloric of peat, turf, bog, silt, or other similar accumulations of
vegetable or partly vegetable and partly earthy matter, either alone or in
combination with other ingredients, substantially as herein-before described.
Second. The application of wire netting to the exterior surface of the non-
conducting material above referred to for the purpose of preventing the
disintegration of the same, as herein-before described.
Third. The moulding of the said material or composition into cakes and
bricks, and the subsequent application of the same in that form, for the
purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Allcock Jones, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Thirtieth day of July, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-six.
JOHN ALLCOCK JONES. (L.B.)