IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Bemrose the younger, and Henry Howe
Bemrose, of Derby, in the County of Derby, Booksellers, Printers, and
Stationers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND
Sealed the 8th June 1855, and dated the 11th December 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bemrose and
Henry Howe Bemrose at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 11th December 1854.
We, WILLIAM BEMROSE the younger, and HENRY HOWE BEMROSE, of
Derby, in the County of Derby, Booksellers, Printers, and Stationers, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MODE OF AND MACHINERY FOR PUNCHING AND PERFORATING PAPER AND OTHER
SUBSTANCES" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the punching or perforating paper, &c. by means
of circular perforators or punches, placed on a cylinder, which is made to rotate
at a rate equal to that of the material to be perforated or punched, such
material being passed under such perforators or punches by being placed on a
roller or carrier beneath them. Any number of these perforators or punches
may be placed upon the cylinder or spindle, and may be adjusted in any con-
venient manner to suit the materials to be perforated or punched. It is obvious

page_text: that this arrangement, in addition to being applicable to marking or perforating
division lines of paper, &c. to be divided, is also applicable to the production
of ornamental patterns or devices upon card and other materials, the main
feature of the Invention being the application of the rotating perforators
or punches to perforating, punching, or ornamenting materials when such
materials are carried by apparatus also rotating.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Bemrose and Henry Howe Bemrose in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 11th June 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
BEMROSE the younger, and HENRY HOWE BEMROSE, of Derby, in the County
of Derby, Booksellers, Printers, and Stationers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said William Bemrose and Henry Howe Bemrose, Her special license that
we, the said William Bemrose and Henry Howe Bemrose, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Bemrose
and Henry Howe Bemrose, our executors, administrators, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MODE OF AND MACHINERY FOR PUNCHING AND PERFORATING PAPER
AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
William Bemrose and Henry Howe Bemrose, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Bemrose and Henry Howe
Bemrose, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the

page_text: accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say-
Our said Invention relates to the punching or perforating of paper and other
substances by means of circular perforators or punches, placed on a cylinder,
which is made to rotate at a rate equal to that of the material to be perforated
or punched, such material being passed under such perforators or punches by
being placed on a counterpart roller or carrier beneath them. Any number
of these perforators or punches may be placed upon the cylinder or spindle,
and may be adjusted in any convenient manner to suit the materials to be
perforated or punched. It is obvious that this arrangement, in addition to
being applicable to marking or perforating division lines of paper, &c. to
be divided, is also applicable to the production of ornamental patterns or
devices upon card and other materials, the main feature of the Invention being
the application of the rotating perforators or punches to perforating, punch-
ing, or ornamenting materials, when such materials are carried by apparatus
also rotating.
And in order that our said Invention may be more properly understood, we
shall now proceed to describe and refer to the several Figures on the Sheet of
Drawings hereunto annexed, the same letters of reference referring to cor-
responding parts throughout the various Figures.
Figure 1 of the Drawings represents a front elevation of our perforating
machine; and Figure 2 is a corresponding vertical section of the same, taken
through the centre of, and at right angles to, Figure 1. The rest of the Figures
are various details which we shall herein-after more fully refer to. The paper
or other material to be perforated or ornamented, which is represented by the
blue lines, is laid upon the fixed bed or table A, which is supported by brackets
cast on the side standards B, B, of the machine, and is fitted with a moveable
guage C, against the edge of which the sheet is placed, and pushed forward
until it comes in contact with the punching or perforating rollers D, E, when
it is carried forward and perforated. The lower one E of these rollers serves
as a counterpart to the upper roller D. It is represented in full sized detail
side and edge view, at Figures 3 and 4, the periphery being perforated with
holes F, to correspond to the punches G on the roller D, which is shewn in
detail, side and edge view, at Figures 5 and 6. Any number of pairs of rollers
may be used in one machine, according to the number of rows of holes to be
perforated at one time; in our Drawings we have only represented two pairs
of perforators. The perforating rollers are secured on the shafts H & I by
the set screws J, and are actuated or rotated by means of the treaddle K in
connection with the cranked driving shaft L, which works in suitable brasses

page_text: M in the side standards of the machine, and carries a fly wheel N to regulate
the movements of the same. On the extremity of the crank shaft is keyed a
grooved pulley O, which, by means of the driving band P, gives motion to the
second grooved pulley Q, fast on the end of the lower spindle I, which carries
the lower or counterpart rollers E. E. On the end of this shaft is keyed a
small spur wheel S, gearing with a corresponding spur wheel T, fast on the
end of the upper spindle FI, which carries the perforating rollers D. The
sheets on being perforated are received on the sloping table V, whence they
are removed to be placed in boxes or other convenient receptacles. In place
of the counterpart and punching rollers, represented in Figures 3, 4, 5, & 6,
a counterpart roller of the construction shewn by the detail side and cilge
views, Figures 7 and 8, may be employed, in conjunction with the knife-edged
perforating roller, represented in side and edge view at Figures 9 and 10, and
in section at Figure 11.
This roller does not actually punch out a portion of the material, as is the
case with the last-described rollers, but merely perforates it. The perforating
portion is composed of a disc of thin metal W, which is serrated or toothed
at its periphery, and is fitted on to the boss X of one-half of the roller Y.
It is secured in that position by the other half Z of the roller, which is also
fitted on to the boss, and is secured thereon by the screws a, a, a, which pass
transversely through the roller and through the disc W, as is clearly shewn in
the section, Figure 11. The counterpart of this roller has a continuous slit b
formed in its periphery, in which slit the teeth of the perforating disc W enter
when the two rollers are working together. In order to ensure the paper
leaving the perforators after passing through the rollers, and to prevent its
being carried round with them, we employ two curved pieces of wire c, repre-
sented more clearly in the detail, Figure 12, which pieces of wire are fitted or
soldered at one end to a short tube capable of sliding along the fixed rod d.
They are situated on each side of the perforating teeth or punches, and their
lower ends are curved slightly and fit into the grooves e, e, (Figures 10 & 11)
formed in the upper or perforating roller. By this means the paper or other
material is taken off the points of the perforators as fast as it passes through
the rollers. In place of wires and grooves, a strip of thin brass or other
suitable material may be used and applied in connection with the perforator,
Figures 5 and 6; but we prefer to use the wires herein-before described and
illustrated in Figure 12 of the Drawings. The same principle of punching or
perforating apparatus is obviously applicable to the perforating of various
devices on paper or other similar materials, for the purpose of ornamenting
the same, by using cylinders or rollers with punchers or perforators suitably

page_text: disposed thereon, in conjunction with corresponding counterpart cylinders or
rollers.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, we would observe, in conclusion, that we do not confine or restrict our-
selves to the precise details or arrangements which we have had occasion to
describe or refer to, as many variations may be made therefrom without
deviating from the principles or main features of our said Invention; but what
we consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
The system or mode of punching or perforating sheets of paper, cardboard,
parchment, or other similar materials by the aid of rotatory, punching, or per-
forating cylinders or rollers, in conjunction with corresponding counterpart
cylinders or rollers, for the purpose of facilitating the subsequent division of
such sheets, or for ornamenting the same.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Bemrose and Henry Howe
Bemrose, have hereunto set our hands and seals, the Thirty-first day
of May, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
(L.S.)
W. BEMROSE, JUN.
HENRY H. BEMROSE. (L.S.)