IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKES AND APPARATUS FOR STOPPING LOOMS
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM HAYTHORNTHWAITE of the Cherry Tree Mills, Blackburn, in the
County of Lancaster, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKES AND APPARATUS FOR STOPPING LOOMS, to be as
follows:-
The object of my Invention is to make the brakes of looms more effective and to
cause the loom to stop always at one point of its revolution.
In performing my Invention I employ double grip brake levers and I form a
scroll or a screw thread of increasing diameter or an incline on the rim or side of
the brake pulley. When I employ a brake wheel with a scroll or screw thread of
increasing diameter on its periphery I fit a brake block faced with leather or other
material and free to swivel or slide near one end of a brake lever that rests near
the lower part of the rim of the brake wheel: to this lever is connected a second
brake block that rests near the upper part of the rim of the brake wheel and is
caused to bear against it in order to avoid lateral strain on the wheel shaft when
the brake is applied: the brake lever is pivoted to the loom frame and one end
projects beyond the spring handle: I fit an adjustable finger or plate to this handle
or to a convenient part of the loom. The spring handle moves as usual when the
loom is stopped and the brake acts with increasing force on the scroll which brings
the end of the lever against the finger on the spring bandle or on the loom frame
and locks the brake and stops the loom. By adjusting the brake wheel on the
shaft or the finger on the spring handle or on a convenient part of the loom, the
loom can be stopped at any desired point.
In a modification I make use of a brake wheel with a taper scroll on one face or
side, the other side of the wheel being flat or plain: I pivot two elbow levers on a
stud, held in a bracket secured to the loom side: on one of these levers is fitted
a sliding swivel brake shoe faced with leather or other material so formed that it
will travel up the face of the scroll when the brake is brought into action: the
other lever is also faced with leather which is free to act on the back or plain side
of the brake wheel. The brake lover is pivoted on one arm of the back elbow
lever one arm of the other elbow lever rests in a slot in the brake lever or lies
under it. When the weft breaks the brake lever falls presses the sliding brake
shoe on the taper scroll and the other brake shoe on the plain side of the brake
wheel. In place of the taper scroll on one face I use a brake wheel wedge shaped
on one or both sides and employ suitable brake shoes.
:

page_text: In another modification of my Invention I make the brake wheel smooth or
plain on both sides and employ the two before mentioned pivoted elbow levers,
faced with leather to act on each side of the wheel: in this case the sliding brake
block is not required and I employ weights to cause the brake levers to grip the
brake pulley.
In applying my Improvements to an ordinary brake wheel I use two brake
pieces or shoes and one brake lever with weights. One end of the brake lever is
pivoted to the lower brake piece or shoe which is fitted loosely on a stud fixed to
the loom frame: this brake piece is supported in any convenient manner to remain
out of contact with the under face of the brake wheel: a second brake piece for
acting on the upper face of the wheel is secured to the brake lever at any
convenient point.
The brakes or shoes act upon and grip the brake wheel when the lever brake falls.
In another modification I form the brake wheel with a rim like a pulley turned
on the inside and outside and apply two brake pieces or shoes, one to act on the
outer and one on the inner surface of the rim, and I pivot the brake lever to the
under brake piece as before described.
By the use of my improved brake I am able to stop the loom in less time than
has been possible heretofore and I am enabled to bring the loom to a stand-still at
a given position of its revolution: to effect this I make the sector tappet or tappets
give two or more lifts, one to move the hammer to escape the weft fork, the second
lift to release the spring handle as usual when the weft breaks: to enable the
operative to stop the loom by moving a rod cord strap or handle placed at any
convenient part of the loon, I pivot to the frame near the weft hammer and spring
handle a lever and movable bracket in such position that by the operative moving
it, a third lift of the hammer strikes it and the spring handle is liberated and the
loom stopped or I place a catch or lever across the slot through which the spring
handle passes or in any convenient position and I employ a lever to which a
vibrating or other motion is given from a tappet placed on any convenient moving
part of the loom, to act upon the catch or lever and open the slot when the loom is
in the desired position: by this means the spring handle can only pass through the
slot to stop the loom at one point.
$11004

page_text: I, WILLIAM HAYTHORNTHWAITE, of the Cherry Tree Mills, Blackburn, in the
County of Lancaster, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKES, AND APPARATUS FOR STOPPING LOOMS, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The object of my Invention is to make the brakes of looms more effective and to
cause the loom to stop always at one point of its revolution.
In performing my Invention I employ double grip brake levers and I form a
scroll or screw thread of increasing diameter or an incline on the rim or side of
the brake pulley. When I employ a brake wheel with a scroll or screw thread
of increasing diameter on its periphery I fit a brake block faced with leather or
other material and free to swivel or slide near one end of a brake lever that rests
near the lower part of the rim of the brake wheel: to this lever is connected a
second brake block that rests near the upper part of the rim of the brake wheel
and is caused to bear against it in order to avoid lateral strain on the wheel shaft
when the brake is applied: the brake lever is pivoted to the loom fraine and one
end projects beyond the spring handle: I fit an adjustable finger or plate to this
handle or to a convenient part of the loom. The spring handle moves as usual
when the loom is stopped and the brake acts with increasing force on the scroll
which brings the end of the lever against the finger on the spring handle or on the
loom frame and locks the brake and stops the loom. By adjusting the brake
wheel on the shaft or the finger on the spring handle, or on a convenient part of the
loom, the loom can be stopped at any desired point.
In a modification I make use of a brake wheel with a taper scroll on one face
or side, the other side of the wheel being flat or plain: I pivot two elbow levers
on a stud, held in a bracket secured to the loom side, on one of these levers is fitted
a sliding swivel brake shoe, faced with kather or other material so formed that it
will travel up the face of the scroll when the brake is brought into action: the
other lever is also faced with leather which is free to act on the back or plain side
of the brake wheel. The brake lever is pivoted on one arm of the back elbow
lever; one arm of the other elbow lever rests in a slot in the brako lever or lies
under it. When the weft breaks the brake lever falls, presses the sliding brake
shoe on the taper scroll and the other brake shoe on the plain side of the brake
wheel.
In place of the taper scroll on one face I use a break wheel wedge shaped on one
or both sides and employ suitable brake shoes.
In another modification of my Invention I make the brake wheel smooth or
plain on both sides and employ the two beforementioned pivoted elbow levers faced
with leather to act on each side of the wheel; in this case the sliding brake block
is not required and I employ weights to cause the brake levers to grip the brake
pulley.
In applying my improvements to an ordinary brake wheel, I use two brake
pieces or shoes and one brake lever with weights. One end of the brake lever is
pivoted to the lower brake piece or shoe which is fitted loosely on a stud fixed to
the loom frame; this brake piece is supported in any convenient manner to remain
out of contact with the under face of the brake wheel; a second brake piece for
acting on the upper face of the wheel is secured to the brake lever at any
convenient point.

page_text: The brakes or shoes act upon and grip the brake wheel when the brake
lever falls.
In another modification I form the brake wheel with a rim like a pulley turned
on the inside and outside and apply two brake pieces or shoes, one to act on the
outer and one on the inner surface of the rim, and I pivot the brake lever to
the under brake piece as before described.
By the use of my improved brake I am able to stop the loom in less time than
has been possible heretofore and I am enabled to bring the loom to a standstill at
a given position of its revolution; to effect this I make the sector tappet or tappets
give two or more lifts, one to move the hammer to escape the weft fork, the second
lift to release the spring handle as usual when the weft breaks; to enable the
operative to stop the loom by moving a rod, cord, strap or handle placed at any
convenient part of the loom, I pivot to the frame near the weft hammer and spring
handle a lever and movable bracket in such position that by the operative moving
it a third lift of the hammer strikes it and the spring handle is liberated and the
loom stopped or I place a catch or lever across the slot through which the spring
handle passes or in any convenient position and I employ a lever to which a
vibrating or other motion is given from a tappet placed on any convenient moving
part of the loom to act upon the catch or lever and open the slot when the loom is
in the desired position; by this means the spring handle can only pass through the
slot to stop the loom at one point.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will proceed to describe the accompanying three Sheets of Drawings
reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
Figs. 1 and 2 are a side view and a front view respectively of part of a loom to
which my Invention is applied.
a is the loom frame; the ordinary spring handle which rests as usual in a slot
in the upper part of the frame; c is the brake wheel formed with a scroll or screw
thread of increasing diameter on one part of its periphery, the other part of which
is plain or nearly so; d is the brake block free to swivel on the brake lever e and
pivoted at e' to the bracket c³ secured to the frame a; the brake lever e is formed
with an arm extending upward to which is pivoted a movable brake block d³ fitted
so as to be free to slide or swivel and shown provided with a projection or finger d¹
which takes into a groove c¹ on the periphery of the wheel o when the brake is
applied the end of the lever e projects beyond the spring handle and is supported
by an adjustable piece f on the rod f1 connected to the swivel bracket g of the
knocking off mechanism which rests upon the angle piece b¹ secured to the spring
handle b; an adjustable finger or pointed stop 62 is also secured to the spring
handle and a similor stop bª is mounted at one end of a lever b' pivoted to the
frame at 6º and connected at the lower end to the spring handle.
In order to stop the loom the spring handle is released and as it springs back
the pointed stops b' and b³ come over the end of the brake levere and the angle
piece b¹ moves from under the bracket g and allows the rod f¹ to fall thus moving
the piece f from under the end of the lever e, which falls thus bringing the brake
block d into contact with the brake wheel; as the wheel c revolves the finger d¹
in the groove c¹ draws the brake block d' on to the scroll, the increasing diameter
of which raises the extended arın of the brake lever e and the brake block d and
thus causes the scroll to act upon both the brake blocks d and d with gradually
increasing force, the end of the lever e is firmly pressed against the stops b² and b³
thus locking the brake and stopping the loom; by adjusting the position of the
brake wheel on its shaft or the stops b and b on the spring handle and loom frame
the brake can be locked and the loom stopped at any desired point.
In order to adjust the position of the brake block & I employ a movable finger e
secured to the stud e¹.
Figs. 3 and 4 represent a modification of the arrangement illustrated by Figs. 1
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page_text: free to swivel on the brake lever e pivoted to the frame a at e¹ and guided by
the finger d¹ which enters a groove on the brake wheel c when the brake is
applied.
To prevent any strain on the wheel c or its shaft when the brake is applied
I place a fixed brake block & on the loom side just out of range of the wheel when
the loom is at work.
When the spring handle is released the end of the brake lever e falls and raises
the brake block which is guided into contact with the scroll by means of the
finger and so locks the brake as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 and
stops the loom.
Figs. 5 and 6 represent a modification of my Invention in which the brake
wheel o has a projecting taper scroll and a groove c¹ on one face or side and is
plain on the other face: I pivot two elbow levers j and k respectively on a stud es
held in a bracket e³ secured to the frame a; to the lever j is fitted a sliding brake
shoe d with a finger d' and faced with leather and the lever k has a fixed brake
shoe d; the brake lever e is pivoted on one arm of the elbow lever k and one arm
of the elbow lever j lies under the brake lever e; when the spring handle is
released the lever e falls and the elbow levers; and k are moved thereby pressing
the sliding brake shoe d³ on to the taper scroll and the fixed brake shoe d on the
plain side of the brake wheel, thus quickly stopping the loom.
Figs. 7 and 8 show a slight modification of the arrangement illustrated by Figs. 5
and 6. The brake wheel c employed is of similar construction but instead of
employing the two elbow levers I use only the elbow lever j provided with the
sliding brake block d and I fix the brake block d on the bracket e to which the
elbow lever is pivoted at e². When the brake lever e falls, being caught by the
stops b and 6 it presses the arm of the elbow lever j to the wheel, the movable
block d is caught by the increasing thread and the brake is gradually locked and
the loom stopped in the madner already described, the lateral strain on the wheel
being counteracted by the fixed block d.
Figs 9 and 10 show a modification of my Invention which is intended to be used
in conjunction with my improved sector tappet, in this the brake wheel c is
somewhat the shape of a wedge its rim being thin at one point gradually increasing
in thickness on each side. I employ two elbow levers j and k pivoted to the
stud and provided with two fixed brake shoes d; the end of the brake lever e is
forked and the two arms rest under the outer ends of the pivotel elbow levers j
and k so that when the brake lever e falls (which is timed to take place when the
thin part of the wheel c is passing the shoes & by adjusting the position of the
nebs or projections on the tappet as hereinafter described) it raises the outer ends
of the elbow levers and so presses the shoes & tightly on to the wheel the brake is
locked in the manner previously described and the loom ultimately stopped.
The additional pointed stop b³ shown in Figa. 1 and may be connected to the
spring handle and employed for all the modifications illustrated by Figs 1 to 10
and in some cases the pointed stop 6* on the spring handle may be dispensed with
and the stop b³ used alone.
Figs. 11 and 12 represent another modification of my Invention, in this case
I make the brake wheel c smooth or plain on both sides and employ the two elbow
levers j and k actuated by the brake lever c as in the arrangement illustrated by
Figs. 5 and 6 but instead of one sliding and one fixed brake shoe the elbow levers
are provided with two fixed brake shoes d as in Figs. 9 and 10. I employ a weight
or weights on the brake lever e and thus the movable stops on the spring handle
and loom side are not required. When the weighted brake lever e falls the elbow
levers ; and k are actuated and the shoes & are pressed on to the wheel c and the
loom stopped.
L
Figs. 13 and 14 represent my Invention applied to an ordinary brake wheel c;
the brake lever e is extended upward and provided with a brake block d for acting
on the periphery of the wheel; the brake lever e is jointed to a lever e pivoted
at e¹ to the frame a and faced with leather d; the movable finger eª by which the

page_text: position of the lever et which carries the brake shoe d is adjusted is in this caso
secured to the stud e¹.
When the weighted brake lever e falls the upper brake block d is drawn on to
the periphery of the wheel c at the same time the other brake shoe d is pulled up
into contact with the wheel thereby gradually stopping the loom,
Figs. 15 and 16 represent a modification very similar to that described with
reference to Figs 13 and 14 but in this case the brake wheel c is formed like a
drum with the rim turned and finished both inside and out and instead of the
brake levere being formed with an extended arm provided with a brake shoe d
I make a projecting arm e on the brake lever and face this arm with leather d
which acts on the inside surface of the rim of the drum c when the brake lever e falls.
Fig. 17 is a side view and Fig 18 a plan of the mechanism I employ to bring
the loom to a standstill at any desired point of its revolution.
On the tappet m in addition to the ordinary neb n which is made shorter than
usual I fix a flange m¹ semicircular or nearly so and with a slot or slots concentric
with the shaft on which it is secured: to this flange m¹ I bolt two adjustable nebs
or brackets o and p of which o is longer than n and p is longer than o (or other
number of nebs may be employed if required); the function of the neb n is to
lift the weft hammer g at the usual time but not so high as usual, that is to say
when the weft fork i is being tilted by the tension of the yarn; the neb n moves
the weft hammer q just sufficient to allow the hook on the fork i to escape from the
hook on the hammer q: the fork will then rest behind the hook on the hammer g
as indicated by the dotted lines on Fig. 17 until the next lift which may take place
at any desired part of the revolution by adjusting the position of the neb o. when
however the yarn is absent the weft fork is not tilted when the neb n lifts but is
moved slightly from its normal position on the weft hammer it dwells there
until at the next lift by the nebo the spring hammer is released and the loom
knocked off.
The longest neb p only acts when the operative draws a cords (a handle or other
appliance may be employed) and raises a bar t pivoted at t¹ to the lever u which is
pivoted to the frame at ul and connected to the spring handle b. There is a
projection t' on the end of the bar t and when the latter is raised by the cords this
projection is struck by a projection q' on the sector hammer q, the result being that
the lever u is moved, releases the spring handle b and the loom is brought to a rest
on the top or back centre or at any desired point according to the position of
the neb p on the tappet and this is done in less time than has hitherto been
accomplished.
Fig. 19 illustrates a modification of the arrangement shown in Figs 17 and 18.
In this case I employ a sector lever which may either be the hammer q actuated
by the same sector shown in Figs. 17 and 18 or may be a lever q' worked by a
different sector or tappet placed on any convenient moving part of the loom; the
spring lever vis pivoted to the frame at v¹ and is notched at v³ and set over the
slot in which the spring handle 6 moves, and thus prevents the latter from springing
bark after it has been moved from its bed by the operative until the sector lever q³
strikes the pivoted lever v which vibrates and releases the spring handle b.
It is obvious that in certain of the arrangements such as those illustrated by
Figs. 3 and 4, 5 and 6 and 7 and 8 where a brake shoe d is employed as well as a
sliding swivel brake block d acting on the scroll, screw thread, wedge shaped
taper or inclined surface of the brake wheel c, that the former might be dispensed
with but I prefer in all cases to use two brake blocks or shoes to avoid any strain
on the wheel or shaft.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
I declare that what I claim is
1.-The construction combination and arrangement of parts forming my improved

page_text: 2. The construction combination and arrangement of parts forming my improved
brake apparatus for stopping looms, substantially as and for the purposes herein
described and shown with reference to Figs. 3 and 4.
3. The construction combination and arrangement of parts forming my improved
brake apparatus for stopping looms, substantially as and for the purposes herein
described and shown with reference to Figs. 5 and 6.
4.-The construction combination and arrangement of parts forming my improved
brake apparatus for stopping looms, substantially as and for the purposes herein
described and shown with reference to Figs. 7 and 8.
5. The construction combination and arrangement of parts forming my improved
brake apparatus for stopping looms, substantially as and for the purposes herein
described and shown with reference to Figs 9 and 10.
6. The brake wheel o constructed as and for the purposes herein described and
as shown in Figs. 1 to 10.
7. The construction, combination, and arrangement of parts forming my improved
brake apparatus for stopping looms, substantially as and for the purposes herein
described and shown with reference to Figs 11 and 12.
8.-The construction combination and arrangement of parts forming my improved
brake apparatus for stopping looms, substantially as and for the purposes herein
described and shown with reference to Figs 13 and 14.
9.―The construction combination and arrangement of parts forming my improved
brake apparatus for stopping looms, substantially as and for the purposes herein
described and shown with reference to Figs. 15 and 16.
10. The construction combination and arrangement of parts for actuating the
knock off motion and stopping the loom at any desired point of its revolution
substantially as herein described and shown with reference to Figs. 17, 18 and 19.
11. The use and application of two or other number of adjustable nebs on the
sector tappet substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
12. The use and application of the adjustable neb p (or its equivalent) for
knocking off the loom after the cord 8 (or its equivalent) has been moved by the
operative.
ALL
1
1004
H. B. BARLOW,
Agent for Applicant,
4, Mansfield Chambers,
17, St Ann's Square, Manchester.