A Cement or Paint Coating or Covering for Protecting Iron or Steel Ships and other Vessels or Structures Liable to Corrosion through Exposure to Water or otherwise.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Nov., 1883
Complete Specification Left, 11th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 15th Jan., 1889
A Cement or Paint Coating or Covering for Protecting Iron or
Steel Ships and other Vessels or Structures Liable to Corrosion
through Exposure to Water or otherwise.
I. Captain JoHN DANBY, of South Villa, Foggy Furze, West Hartlepool, in the
County of Durham, Marine Superintendent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
I have discovered by experiments, conducted over a considerable period, that a
certain rock or stone of the fossil period, found in mines-specially in the North
" Dogger-stone-possesses
Eastern part of Yorkshire, and there locally known as
most valuable properties when calcined and ground to a very fine powder, mixed with
water and applied as a cement, or as a paint, to the surfaces of iron or steel ships, or
similar vessels, or of submarine or other iron or steel structures in protecting
such surfaces from corrosion by exposure to the action of water or of the moisture
of the atmosphere.
The analysis of this rock or stone gives the following constituents in per
centage viz.:-
Carbonate of Lime
Magnesia
Potash -
Silica (insoluble)
Do. (soluble) -
Alumina
Oxide of Iron
Bi-Sulphide of Pyrites-
Moisture and Organic Matter
45%
1.84
0.75
21.40
0.40
7.76
19.34
1.10
2.41
100
L

page_text: It has an extraordinary affinity for iron or steel, appearing to combine with and
become part of the surface to which it is applied, provided such surface is free from
dirt or foreign substance, but not necessarily free from moisture (which it seems to
absorb) and once applied it perfectly protects the iron or steel from corrosion and,
even after corrosion has set in, it completely arrests its further progress.
It adheres readily, dries very quickly and sets quite hard with a smooth surface-very
suitable to receive a coating of anti fouling composition or other paint and it has great
tenacity. Applied as a cement to the interior of ships tanks, instead of “Portland”
or other cements ordinarily used, there is a great saving of weight from 35 to 45 per
cent. with equal efficiency and actual addition to the strength of the tanks. Either as
a thin coating of cement, or as a paint, it is very suitable for the interior of boilers
to prevent "pitting" of the plates and may be used to protect the lower external
portions exposed to corrosive action and it may also be applied to "bilges" other than
those enclosed by the tanks.
The stone, being calcined, is crushed and ground to a very fine powder and packed
in barrels. When required for use it is mixed with a sufficient quantity of water to
make it of the proper consistency, either as cement or as a paint, the action of the
water setting up considerable ebullition from the carbonate of lime. It must now be
applied, in either form, without loss of time as it must not remain mixed for any long
period but should be mixed and at once applied and then a fresh quantity mixed if
required.
Dated this Fifth day of November 1888.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
or
A Cement or Paint Coating or Covering for Protecting Iron
Steel Ships and other Vessels or Structures Liable to Corrosion
through Exposure to Water or otherwise.
1, Captain Jons DANBY, of South Villa, Foggy Furze, West Hartlepool, in the
County of Durham, Marine Superintendent, do hereby declare the nature of said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
My invention has reference to a cement or paint, coating or covering, for protecting
iron or steel ships and other vessels or structures liable to corrosion through exposure
to water or otherwise.
::
,.
I have discovered by experiments, conducted over a considerable period, that a
certain rock or stone of the fossil period, found in mines-specially in the North
Eastern part of Yorkshire, and there locally known as Dogger-stone-possesses
most valuable properties when calcined and ground to a very fine powder, mixed with
water and applied as a cement, or as a paint, to the iron or steel surfaces of vessels
or other structures such as referred to, in protecting such surfaces from corrosion by
exposure to the action of water or of the moisture of the atmosphere.
I have had samples of this rock or stone analysed and they have given the following
constituents in percentage viz.:-
Carbonate of Lime
Magnesia
Potash -
Silica (insoluble).
Do. (soluble) -
Alumina
Oxide of Iron
Bi-Sulphide of Pyrites -
Moisture and Organic Matter
45
%
1.84
0.75
21.40
0.40
7-76
19.34
1.10
2.41
100 parts.
I have found that the said rock or stone has an extraordinary affinity for iron or
steel, appearing to combine with and become part of the surface to which it is applied,
provided such surface is free from dirt or foreign substance, though not necessarily
free from moisture (which the rock or stone seems to absorb) and once applied the
cement or paint perfectly protects the iron or steel from corrosion and, even if applied
It adheres
after corrosion has set in, it arrests the further progress thereof.
readily, dries very quickly and sets quite hard with a smooth surface-suitable
to receive a coating of anti-fouling composition or other paint-and it has great
tenacity.

page_text: "
By applying the said rock or stone treated as herein described, as a cement to the
interior of ships tanks, instead of "Portland or other cements ordinarily used,
a great saving of weight is effected say about from 35 to 45 per cent. with equal
efficiency and actual addition to the strength of the tanks.
The treated rock or stone whether applied as a thin coating of cement, or as a paint,
is suitable for the interiors of boilers to prevent "pitting" of the plates and may be
used to protect the lower external portions exposed to corrosive action, also it may be
applied to bilges" other than those enclosed by the tanks.
"
The stone is calcined, afterwards crushed and ground to a very fine powder and
packed in barrels or in bags. Then when required for use it is mixed with a sufficient.
quantity of water to make it of the proper consistency, either as a cement or as a
paint.
The action of the water sets up considerable ebullition from the carbonate of lime.
It must now be applied, in either form, without loss of time. It must not remain
mixed for any long period before application but should be mixed and at once applied
and a fresh quantity mixed when required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is
For the protection from corrosion of iron or steel ships and other vessels or
structures liable to corrosion through exposure to water or otherwise as set forth,
coating or covering such surfaces with cement or paint consisting of rock or stone
composed of the constituents mentioned, in about the proportions hereinabove stated,
and prepared by caleining and grinding to powder and mixing with water to the
required consistency the same being applied to the surfaces to be protected substantially
in the manner described.
11
1
1001