matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 28th June, 1886.
Complete Left, 23rd Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 26th Apr., 1887.
I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN of 67, Strand in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows.:―
This invention relates to rotating casks or vats and principally to those used in the
boiling of cellulose, and consists in giving the said vat, a special shape by which it is
rendered much stronger and is adapted to be more completely emptied than
cylindrical vats.
The improved vat is made of an clongated oval shape, and is adapted to turn about
its longer axis, which is supported horizontally. For this purpose it may have
trunnions at its opposite ends, but is preferably provided near each end with a
cylindrical band surrounding the cask and forming a rim adapted to revolve on a
pair of friction wheels journalled in the foundation of the apparatus. In the middle
of the cask where it has the greatest depth, an opening or bunghole is placed, which is
closed by a screw-cap or plug or in any other suitable manner.
Dated this 28th day of June 1890

page_text: .COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Rotating Vat, Principally for the Boiling of
Cellulose.
I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN of 67 Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, a communication to me
from abroad by William Woern of Gothenburg, in the Kingdom of Sweden, Engineer,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
A
This invention relates to rotating vats or casks and principally to those used in the
boiling of cellulose, and consists in giving the said vat a special shape, by which it is
rendered much stronger and adapted to be more completely emptied than cylindrical
vats. The improved vat is represented in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1
is a side view of the vat, Fig. 2 an end elevation. The vat a is made of wrought iron
or other malleable metal and has an elongated oval shape, as shown, and is adapted to
turn about its longer axis which is supported horizontally. For this purpose it may
have trunnions at each end or may be provided near each end with a cylindrical
band surrounding the cask and forming a rim adapted to revolve on a pair of
friction wheels c c d d journalled in the foundation of the apparatus. In the middle
of the cask a where it has the greatest depth an opening or bunghole is placed
which is closed by a screw cap or plug or in any other suitable manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1 claim is :
The oval vat a provided at the centre with a bung and rotating about its longer
axis.
יהוי
1 1
135
1
IMPROVED BOLTS FOR DREDGER BUCKETS
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Sept., 1886.
Complete Left, 13th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 2nd Aug., 1887.
RESERV
We WILLIAM MADDISON WARD of Blyth in the County of Northumberland Rope
Manufacturer and THOMAS INNES GRAY of Blyth in the County of Northumberland
Blacksmith do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVED BOLTS FOR
DREDGER BUCKETS to be as follows:-
The Bolt is made of smaller diameter than required and a steel Bush or Ferrule is
contracted on over it while hot making the Bolt the required diameter.
When the Bush or Ferrule is worn it is knocked off and a new one contracted on
in its place thus utilizing the old Bolt and simplifying repairs.
To prevent the Bush or Ferrule working round on the Bolt the keyhole may be
cut through the Ferrule and Bolt, or by keeping the Ferrule a little shorter than
the Bolt, only partly through the Ferrule, or a portion of the Ferrule may be turned
into the keyhole.
Dated this 13th day of September 1886.
WILLIAM MADDISON WARD.
THOMAS INNES GRAY.

page_text: We WILLIAM MADDISON WARD of Blyth in the County of Northumberland Rope
Manufacturer and THOMAS INNES GRAY of Blyth in the County of Northumberland
Blacksmith, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The Bolt is made of smaller diameter than that required, and a steel Bush or
Ferrule, which may be, drawn, cast, welded or butt jointed, is put on and fastened at
the head of the Bolt with a stud or clutch, or by any other convenient plan to prevent
the Bush or Ferrule working round on the Bolt, when fitted on it makes the Bolt
the required diameter.
The object in view is that when the Bush or Ferrule is worn it is taken off and
replaced with a new one, thus saving the main Bolt and simplifying repairs.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is-
A Bolt fitted with a Bush or Ferrule specially as described, or any modification of
the same, applied to the Links or Hinges of Dredger Buckets.
Dated this 11th day of June 1887.
WILLIAM MADDISON WARD.
THOMAS INNES GRAY.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, RUDOLPH G. BÜRSTENBINDER, chemist, residing at Frankfort on the Main,
Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
ascertained and described in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to preserve wood from rot by improved means,
and the invention consists in steaming the wood and subsequently exposing the
same under pressure to the action of a saturating-liquor composed of watery
solutions of pyrolignite of iron and of chloride of calcium.
For this purpose the wood is brought into a receptacle provided with a door
and adapted to be hermetically closed and to resist the pressure to be applied.
After the wood has been introduced and the said door has been closed and
secured, steam of a certain pressure, say from 2 to 4 atmospheres, is admitted
into the receptacle, the air being allowed to escape from the receptacle at the
onset. This pressure is kept up for about two hours, while the water formed by
the condensation of steam is continually blown off.
Thereupon the aforesaid saturating liquor is applied, the same being preferably
composed of equal parts of solutions of pyrolignite of iron and of chloride of
calcium, both solutions having a specific gravity equal to 6 degrees Beaumé. The
liquor is introduced in hot state into the receptacle containing the wood, pressure is
raised in the same to about 8 atmospheres by means of a pump, and this pressure
is kept up until the wood has become completely saturated. The point of
saturation may be determined by means of a pressure-gauge, applied to the

page_text: more.
receptacle, and which, when the said point has been attained, does not fall any
The remaining liquor having then been drawn off, the wood is ready to
be used for railway-sleepers, paving purposes, &c.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :
The process of saturating wood by steaming the wood and subsequently exposing
the same under pressure to the action of a liquor composed of watery solutions
of pyrolignite of iron and chloride of calcium, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
BOOTS and shoes.
Year: 1886

page_text: BOOTS and shoes.
I EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER of 33 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex,
Fel. Inst. P.A. do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication
to me from abroad by Jacques Plas of 26 Rue Brogniez, Brussels, in the Kingdom
of Belgium, Wheelwright) and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention refers to improvements in the heels and soles of boots and shoes,
and the invention consists in fitting same with hardened caoutchouc or gutta
percha or equivalent material, the object being to prevent slipping, falling, noise,
and to give persons using such more confidence in walking, than heretofore, all as
hereafter described.
The accompanying drawings illustrate several ways of carrying the invention
into effect, or of applying the material to the heels.
Figure 1 is an external view, and Figure 2 is a vertical section of same. a is a
metallic box screwed into the heel and forming also a socket to receive the caoutchouc
or other material A.
Figures 3 and 4 show the metal box a of T shaped section.
Figures 5 and 6 show a heel where the caoutchouc is applied without a box a
and held to the heel proper by screws the heads of which are countersunk as shown,
in the caoutchouc or other material.
Figures 9 and 10 show a groove in the leather, wood or other heel where the
caoutchouc or other pad is secured by dovetail connection.
Figure 7 is a plan view of the metal box and Figure 8 shows the external face
of the pad of caoutchouc or other material. Although not shown, similar arrange-
ments to those before described may be applied to the soles and the box in which
the caoutchouc or other material is held may be made of wood, hardened caoutchouc
or of other suitable convenient material instead of metal if desired.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim as the invention communicated to me is :-
The application to boots and shoes of heels and soles of caoutchouc, gutta percha
or other equivalent material substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
A
BREWER & SON,
For the Applicant.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Sept., 1886.
Complete Left, 22nd Oct., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 14th Jan., 1887.
I REBECCA JOSEPH of 36 Grosvenor Road Canonbury in the County of Middlesex
Mantle Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of a watch being attached to the inside or outside of a muff
or bag or muff bag or Ladies companion or anything appertaining thereto.
My plan is by making a circular case of metal or other substance for the reception
of a Ladies keyless watch with all improvements as to the moving of the hands thereof.
and by connecting the circular case with the watch enclosed therein by means of
prongs to a plate made of metal or other substance in the lining of the article.

page_text: Companions, and the like.
2
I REBECCA JOSEPH of 36 Grosvenor Road Canonbury in the County of Middlesex
(wife of Emanuel Joseph of the same place) Mantle Manufacturer do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The nature of my invention is for attaching watches to muffs bags muff bags Ladies
companions and the like.
My plan is by making a four square claw of metal as shewn by the figure 1 in the
drawing which accompanies this specification. One of the claws is a moveable claw
as indicated by the dotted lines in the said figure and need only be moved in the
manner shewn by such dotted lines to take the watch out of the claw. Figure 2 in
the said drawing represents a side view of the said claw. The claw is attached to the
bag by means of a plate as shown by Figure 3 in the said drawing. The plate being
placed at the back of the lining of the muff bags, muffs bags Ladies companions and
the like and is connected to figure 1 by sewing the figure 3 to figure 1 by the holes as
shewn in figure 3. The holes do not go all round the figure 3 for the reason of one of
the claws as shewn in figure 1 being a moveable claw and therefore is left so as to be
able to move it up and down as occasion may require.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is-
1. That the wearer of the article is at once able to ascertain the time by merely.
touching the spring that opens, the muff, bag, muff bag ladies companion or the like.
2. That so soon as the article is opened the watch at once catches the eye and is
ornamental to the article containing it.
3. That the wearer is protected from having her watch stolen by reason of the
watch being placed in the article as before described necessitates the moving of the
moveable claw before the watch can be taken out of the claw.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 28th July, 1885.
Complete Left, 20th Apr., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 24th May, 1887
I ARTHUR BRIN of No. 7 Rue Gavarni Paris in the Republic of France Engineer
and Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to preserving milk and consists in impregnating the milk
with pure oxygen by placing the milk in a closed vessel and introducing thereinto
under pressure the oxygen with which the milk is to be impregnated. I prefer to
employ for the purpose the oxygen produced according to the process described in
the Specification of Letters Patent No. 157 granted to Leon Quentin Brin and
myself as of the 5th January 1885.
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the said Arthur Brin.

page_text: I ARTHUR BRIN of No. 7 Rue Gavarni Paris in the Republic of France Engineer
and Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This Invention relates to preserving milk and consists in impregnating the milk
with pure Oxygen by placing the Milk in a closed vessel and introducing thereinto
under pressure the Oxygen with which the milk is to be impregnated. I prefer to
employ for the purpose the Oxygen produced according to the process described in
the Specification of Letters Patent No. 157 granted to Leon Quentin Brin and myself
as of the 5th January 1885.
In order that the way in which my Invention may be carried into effect may be
well understood I have illustrated in the accompanying Drawing an apparatus
suited to the purpose.
A is a closed Vessel with a pipe at a with an inner nozzle b. The pipe C, leads
from a reservoir of the Milk to be treated into the pipe a, and the pipe B leads from
a reservoir of oxygen gas under pressure into the nozzle b, both these pipes are
controlled by valves. The pipe a terminates in a perforated rose a²-When the Milk
and oxygen gas are turned on, they pass together from the rose a' and the milk
is thoroughly submitted to the action of the Oxygen and collects in the lower part
of the vessel A-E is an outlet leading by a pipe e, to the bottling machine F,
which may be of the ordinary kind used for bottling aërated waters, the said outlet
being controlled by a valve e-G, is a blow-off cock for blowing out the contents
of the apparatus for cleaning or other purpose.-H is a pressure gaugo for
ascertaining the pressure in the vessel A.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:
First. The treatment of milk by impregnating it with Oxygen substantially as
hereinbefore described.
Second. The treatment of milk by impregnating it with Oxygen by injecting the
Oxygen gas under pressure into the milk whilst the said milk is contained in a closed
vessel substantially as hereinbefore explained with reference to the accompanying
drawing.
Grain by Means of Millstones and other Machines.
Year: 1886

page_text: Grain by Means of Millstones and other Machines.
ROBERT STANNARD MAC ADAM of Ballyglass, in the County of Clare, Ireland,
Mill Proprietor, and JOHN BYRNE of Ballyclough, Annacotty, in the County of
Limerick, Ireland, Miller, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of our invention is to obtain a high quality of flour by an easy and
economical process.
The first operation after the grain has been properly cleaned and prepared is to
break it by millstones or other machine or machines and remove bran and pollard
by wire or silk dressing machine or machines but not to separate the flour from the
middlings.
The second operation is to further reduce the floury product resulting from the
first operation by millstones, and to separate impurities and middlings from the fine
flour by separating machine or machines.
The third operation is to treat the unfinished product of the second operation by
means of separating machine or machines to remove impurities and return what
would be fit for fine flour to the second operation for further reduction.
The fourth operation is to treat unfinished impurities, containing flour, from the
third operation or the first operation, by separating the heavy from the light
impurities by separating machine or machines and then to pass the heavy impurities
through millstones or other machine or machines, either the millstones performing
the second operation if the operator so desires or through separate millstones or
other machine or macbines according to quality, as at this stage of the operations
the quality of the grain under treatment will indicate or control the requirements
of this fourth operation; in case the grain being treated is of low quality this
fourth operation may be despensed with entirely.
It will thus be seen that a high quality of flour can easily be produced at a very
low cost.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
The improved process for producing flour from wheat or other grain by means
of millstones and other machines, substantially as herein described.
R. S. MAC ADAM.
J. BYRNE.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, HARRY LIVESEY, of N° 2 Victoria Mansions, Westminster in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an appliance for arresting the sparks that may issue
from the chimneys of locomotive, portable and other engines, which have their fires
subject to strong draught. The accompanying drawing is a vertical section of the
upper part of a chimney provided with an appliance according to this invention.
A is the expanding part of the chimney within which is fixed a framing of conoidal
form with its apex downwards, this framing consisting of ribs B having wires C
laced across and around them. The upper part of the conoid curves over to meet
the top edge of an outer casing D from which a tube E extends downwards. As the
smoke and products of combustion which ascend the chimney pass through the
interstices of the wires C, such pieces of burning material as may be carried with
them are either broken up into small fragments which become speedily extinguished,
or are caused to sweep over the top edge of the chimney and fall within the casing D
from which they descend the tube E.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
:-
A spark arrester for engine chimneys constructed and arranged substantially as
described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 15th day of July 1886.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Year: 1886

page_text: I, WILLIAM STORER, of 58 Milton Street in the town and county of the town of
Nottingham, Glass and China Dealer do hereby declare the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a plan of a tea pot, with an improved lid guard in position.
Figure 2 shows a plan of a guard when not in use.
Figure 3 a side view, and Figure 4 a back end view.
Each guard consists of one piece of wire of steel, or other suitable metal coated
with nickel or tin, bent at the front end either to the shape shown at A Figure 2,
or straight across to form a double ended spring the sides B of which are curved
more or less, according to the shape of the article on which it is to be used, the
back ends of the spring are bent outwards nearly at a right angle to their length,
then curved downwards and inwards so as form two hooks as shown at C
Figure 4, these hooks when sprung apart can be slipped onto or over the handle of
the article on which the guard is to be used, and will firmly clasp it with the front
end A pressing upon the lid of the article at two points, and thus preventing it
falling off and breaking.
Guards constructed as above described may be applied with equal facility to tea
pots, coffee pots, jugs, or any vessel of glass, china, or earthenware, having a handle
and loose cover.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
An improved lid guard substantially as described and illustrated in the Drawings
annexed.
Driving Belts or Bands or other Kinds of Belts or Bands.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec., 1886
Complete Left, 11th Aug., 1887
Complete Accepted, 22nd Nov., 1887
Driving Belts or Bands or other Kinds of Belts or Bands.
THOMAS PEARCE of No. 151 Muntz Street Small Heath Birmingham in the
County of Warwick Manufacturer of Belt Fasteners do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention consists in an improved shape in the teeth of Fastenings for joining
or uniting the ends of bands or belts used in transmitting power to pulleys drums or
other machinery the flat or front side of the teeth meet the pull or strain on the band
while the back and point of teeth are sharp to facilitate their penetration into the
leather or material of the band, the exact shape of teeth is delineated on the drawing
attached hereto, which represents a belt fastener drawn full size. This invention is
also applicable to belts bands or straps of leather cotton india rubber or any other
material and is also applicable to belts bands or straps used for other purposes besides
driving machinery.
13
1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fastenings for Joining or Uniting the Ends of
Driving Belts or Bands or other Kinds of Belts or Bands.
THOMAS PEARCE 151 Muntz Street Small Heath Birmingham Manufacturer of
fastenings for belts or bands, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention consists in an improved shape in the teeth of fastenings for joining
or uniting the ends of bands or belts used in transmitting power to pullies drums or
other machinery the flat or front side of the teeth meet the pull or strain on the band
while the back and point of teeth are sharp to facilitate their penetration into the
leather or material of the band the exact shape of teeth is delineated on the drawing
left with the provisional specification which represents a belt fastener drawn full size.
This invention is also applicable to belts bands or straps of leather cotton India rubber
or any other material and is also applicable to belts bands or straps used for other
purposes besides driving machinery.
The improved shape of tooth is shown in the drawings at A which represents a
full size band fastener fixed in the band as in use.
An elevation of the improved tooth is shown in the drawings at B.
A plan of the improved tooth is shown in the drawings at C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
The novel and improved form of the tooth as shown in the drawing.
1
1037
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Nov., 1886,
Complete Left, 13th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 13th Sept., 1887.
L, WILLIAM SYKES of Horbury near Wakefield in the County of York manu-
facturer of athletic goods do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention consists of a method for obtaining a superior tension in a Tennis
Racquet, than what is got by the present methods of stringing, and along with this
a greater durability.
To attain these objects, I string a Racquet with twisted gut which is made by
passing three or more strings of various thicknesses through a loopor, by means of
which they are securely twisted together into one string.
"
A Racquet strung with this gut will have the further advantages of giving the
29
serve or
player a better grip, and also enabling him to
volley" the ball with
much greater precision also by the peculiar twist of the gut the process known as
cutting" or "screwing" can be more advantageously performed.
".

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of Lawn Tennis Rackets.
1, WILLIAM SYKES of Horbury near Wakefield in the County of York manu-
facturer of athletic goods, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
My invention consists of a method for obtaining a superior tension in a Lawn
Tennis Racket than what is obtained by present methods of "stringing" and along
with this a greater durability.
Jawn Tennis Rackets are strung with a material called Gut which is prepared from
sleep rops, but this has only a smooth surface which fails to supply the requisite
driving power. To attain the objects above named I take three or more strands of
Gut, according to strength required, and pass these through a looper, by means of
which they are securely twisted together into one string. A Racket strung with
gut prepared in this manner is of an uneven surface. By reason of this the player
can get a better grip of the ball and is also enabled to play those portions of the
game known as "serving" and "cutting” to much greater advantage than with a
Racket strung with the ordinary gut as previously used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I claim is :-
1. The making of Twisted Gut in the manner before named.
2. The stringing of any kind of Lawn Tennis Racket frame with this kind
of gut.
CASE FOR PROTECTING EXPOSED LUMINOUS, ADVERTISEMENTS FROM AIR AND WATER
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1886.
Complete Left, 31st Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 8th Feb., 1887.
JOHN HICKEN, 175 Commercial Road Landport, Portsmouth Picture frame Maker
and picture dealer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for CASE FOR
PROTECTING EXPOSED LUMINOUS, ADVERTISEMENTS FROM AIR AND WATER to be as
follows:-
A metal back recessed round the outer edge, into which recess is cemented a layer
or cord of indiarubber, The centre of back is dished or sunk to the requisite depth to
take the subject matter to be exhibited.
A piece of Glass the size of the back is then placed over the subject matter and
bearing on the Indiarubber.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Case for Protecting Exposed Luminous Advertisements and
the like from Air or Water.
JOHN HICKEN 175ª Commercial Road Landport, Portsmouth, Picture frame maker
& picture Dealer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for CASE FOR PRO-
TECTING EXPOSED LUMINOUS ADVERTISEMENTS & THE LIKE FROM AIR & WATER and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascor-
tained in and by the following statement :-
I make a metal Back the size and shape of the Advertisement to be exhibited, round
the outer edge of which a grove or recess is formed, in the said grove or recoss I then
cement a layer of India rubber cord, or other waterproof material. The back is sunk
or dished to the requisite depth to take the subject matter, I wish to exhibit. A piece
of glass the size of Back is then placed over the subject matter and bearing on the
India rubber.
The whole is then placed in a rebated frame and secured in its place by means of
screws or buttons.
In some cases I find it necessary to make lugs or ears, with holes in them, on the
back, so that they may project over the solid part of outer frame. When the said
back and Glass has been placed in the rebate thereof, screws being passed through the
said cars or lugs, into the solid part of outer frame and by screwing down compress
the whole together or in place of the lugs or ears, put buttons on the screws then
turn the buttons over the back and when in place screw down and by so doing
compress the air and watertight material between the Glass front and back.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of iny said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
1. That I obtain an air and watertight case by means of a layer of watertight
material being compressed between two other substances one of the said substances being
Glass, and that the subject matter although protected from air and water can be changed
in a very short space of time.
Year: 1886

page_text: GEORGE COPPIN RICHARD HENRY COPPIN ALFRED HARRIS COPPIN (George
Coppin & Sons) Addington, Croydon, Surrey Ironmongers & General Smiths
we do hereby declare the nature of our invention for TREE PRUNER is to be as
follows :--
The Pruner works with a steel Cutter, on crank principle, between two forked
plates, one steel spring working at back of Cutter Blade to keep same in open
position for the cut.

page_text: GEORGE COPPIN RICHARD HENRY COPPIN ALFRED HARRIS COPPIN (George
Coppin & Sons) Ironmongera & General Smiths Addington, Croydon, Surrey do
hereby declare the nature of our invention for TREE PRUNING and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Two forked plates, with circular steel Cutter working on pivot between plates
with spring at the back of the Cutter to keep same in open position to allow the
forked Holder to be placed under the Branch without moving the Lever.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING.
a. Two forked Plates to hold Cutter b.
b. Steel Cutter Blade working between forked plates a
c. Steel Spring to keep Blade b in open position ready for the Cut.
d. Screw Pivot to fix Blade 6 to forked plates a.
e. Screw Bolt to fix Spring c to Holder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
'
1st The Cutter Blade working on crank principle, with a circular motion, makes
a cleaner cut instead of a préss through the Branch.
1
2nd The forked plates are placed under the Branch and the Cutter makes the 5
incision at the top, and in heavy Branches the weight of same assists the Cutter
while passing through.
3rd The Spring making it self opening.
Year: 1886

page_text: WILLIAM NICHOLLS BRYETT 472 Caledonian Road, Holloway London N.
Middlesex, Metallic Bedstead Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My Invention consists of improvement in Iron Chair Bedsteads in one of the
folds. To the said Chair fold marked A. I have pins, forged, or cast in the said
fold marked B. B. to which I attach a Brass, or other panel, or Rail marked C C.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declair that what
I claim is.
The pins cast, or forged in the said panel, or fold marked B B to which I attach
Brass, or other metal panel, or Rail marked C. C.
Improvements in Fish Plates for the Permanent Way of Railroads.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Apr., 1886:
Complete Left, 19th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 22nd Feb., 1887.
GARLICK & MCGOWAN,
Agents for the Applicant.
CUMI LEID DI MULTICATION.
Improvements in Fish Plates for the Permanent Way of Railroads.
I, THOMAS SPIR, of 15 Tinsley Road Sheffield in the County of York Commission
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FISH
PLATES FOR THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILROADS " and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention consists of a fish plate rolled out of steel, iron or other equivalent

page_text: The object of this invention is to form a cheap fish plate which may be fastened
with or without bolts.
In the construction thereof I roll the fish plate to any section to suit that of the
rail, and bring the sides together whilst in a hot state, and spring harden the thin
portion which fits round the under side of the rail, causing the sides to clasp the rail
and hold it tightly.
That portion of the plate fitting the sides of the rails may be punched from the out-
Bide or otherwise if deemed necessary thus forming lugs or nipples on the inside which
fit into the ordinary bolt holes in the rail, the said nipples or lugs meeting at or about
the centre of the rail, or the said fish plate may have holes and the ordinary nut and
bolt to secure it further to the rail.
This invention is easily applied; the rail end is forced into the fish plate whilst it is
being held open by tools specially adapted for the purpose, and the rail is withdrawn in
a similar way.
The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention.
Fig. 1 is a section of a fish plate rolled to suit the ordinary rail but different sections
would be required to suit the different sections of rails.
Fig. 2 is a side view in elevation shewing the fish plate fitting over the rail and
clasped tightly at the sides so that the lugs or nipples fit into the ordinary bolt holes
in the rail,
Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are sections of rails shewing a section of the fish plate, and the
lugs or nipples fitting into the bolt holes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is;
Firstly Improvements in fish plates for the permanent way of railroads and con-
sists of a fisli plate rolled out of stoel, iron or other suitable metal, and to any required
section to suit any section of rail, and having the portion passing round the under side
of the rail spring hardened so that it clasps and holds it tightly.
Secondly In the construction of a fish plate which may be fastened with or with
out bolts by either rolling lugs or nipples, or in the place of lugs or nipples, punch
holes, to receive nuts and bolts.
Thirdly In the construction of a fish plate as firstly and secondly claimed, and
as hereinbefore specified, described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Year: 1886

page_text: WILLIAM JOHN PAYNE 1 Spencer Street, Shoreditch, Cabinet Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is so to prepare a composition of substances,. to
supersede all liquids, and colored inks now used with rubber and other stamps.
The composition being in the form of an ink Tablet for inking rubber and other
stamps is made with the following ingredients, Glycerine gelatine, or any other
glutinous substances, Aniline and other dyes, or a small quantity of chemical liquid
or water may be used as an ingredient.

page_text: An Ink Tablet for Use with Rubber and other Stamps.
I, WILLIAM JOHN PAYNE of No 1 Spencer Street, Shoreditch do hereby declare
the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
When india rubber or other stamps or dies are used for printing or marking on
paper or other surfaces, they are in the first place coated with ink or pigment by
being pressed on a tablet of porous material which has been impregnated with fluid
colouring substance. The object of my invention is the production of tablets or
inking pieces of composition containing in itself the ink or pigment, a portion of
which becomes transferred by pressure to the surface of a stamp, die or printing
forme.
i
For this purpose, I heat and intimately mix together about 12 parts by weight
of glycerine, 1 part of gelatine, 8 parts of water, and such a quantity of dye as
will give the required body of colour for instance, 1 part of some of the aniline
dyes will generally suffice. I pour this mixture into moulds wherein it is allowed to
cool and set. I thus produce tablets, blocks or pieces, of such size and shape as
may be desired, which serve for inking or coating with pigment stamps or dies
pressed upon them, or printing surfaces on which they are pressed by rolling or
otherwise. The tablets or blocks may have their surfaces covered with thin fabric
sufficiently porous to allow the composition to ooze through it under pressure.
The proportions of the ingredients may be somewhat varied to suit different
conditions and ranges of temperature. In warm situations, for instance, a little
more gelatine and less glycerine should be used.
It is of advantage to mix with the ingredients a small proportion of antiseptic
such as carbolic acid.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
The manufacture, substantially as described, of an ink tablet compounded of
glycerine, gelatine, water and dye, for use, as described, with rubber and other
stamps or printing surfaces.
Improvement of a Special Pencil Sharpener
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 30th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 12th Aug., 1887.
1 HENRY BINKO of 2 Arthur's Buildings Peters Lane Cowcross Street London
E.C., Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to an Improvement of a Special Pencil Sharpener for which
a Patent has been granted in America Nod. 109,100, to a Mr. Asahel G. Batchelder
in the United States of America, and known in the Trade as the "Excelsior."
The Drawing A, shows plainly the construction of it, the specialty of which consists
mainly in the removable knife as shown at A¹.
My Improvement consists in adding a handle at the lower end of the Sharpener as
shown in the Drawing B¹. I leave the side handle A² or do away with it.
By my Improvement I gain the great advantage of getting more power to cut and
great ease in working the same in addition to a better appearance.
'
What I claim as my Invention is not the Sharpener, but the Improvement con-
cerning the additional handle in connection with the Special Pencil Sharpener
mentioned above and shown in the Drawing B. Such handle may be made in any
other shape or any kind of material.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Pencil Sharpeners.
I HENRY BINKO of 2 Peters Lane Cowcross Street in the County of Middlesex
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My Improvement relates to a Special Pencil Sharpener for which a Patent has 5
been granted in 1870, No. 109,100, to a Mr. Batchelder in the United States of
America, and known in the Trade as the "Excelsior" the advantage of which
Pencil Sharpener is mainly in the removable knife as shown in the annexed
Drawing A, No. 2.
My Improvement consists in making a Handle at the foot of the Pencil Sharpener 1
as shown in the Drawing B. No. 1. made in any shape or style and from any material,
and by which Improvement I gain the great advantage that the Sharpener can be
easier worked, and made more powerful to cut in addition to a better appearance.
(The Numbers and Letters given as in the Drawing refer to the Drawing left
with the Provisional Specification.)
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improvement concerning the handle in connection with the Pencil Sharpener
mentioned, as described and shown in the annexed Drawing B. No. 1.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, WILLIAM JOWETT of Mellor near Marple in the County of Derby Wadding
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
-
This Invention relates to a new or improved cotton wadding to be used as
an absorbent, and has for its object the production of absorbent cotton wool in a
convenient form for general use.
These improvements consist in an improved method of making up or producing
and finishing the absorbent cotton wool. The absorbent cotton wool is manu--
factured and prepared by the ordinary methods or by any suitable process, but
instead of being sent out in the usual form I manufacture it into wadding in the
manner and by the means ordinarily employed in.the manufacture of wadding.
In the production of the absorbent cotton wool wadding according to these
improvements it is necessary to exercise care in the sizing process so as to prevent
as far as possible the absorption of the size by the cotton wool.
:
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant..
1

page_text: I, WILLIAM JOWETT, of Mellor, near Marple, in the County of Derby, wadding
manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Hitherto absorbent cotton has been made up for sale and for use in bundles or
similar involved and irregular forms and its application has therefore been wasteful
and inconvenient.
This invention relates to a new or improved cotton wadding to be used as an
absorbent, and it has for its object the production of absorbent cotton wool in such
a form that it may be more conveniently and economically used than at present.
These improvements consist in manufacturing finishing and making up absorbent
wadding from absorbent cotton wool prepared by the ordinary or any suitable
process or processes. In carrying out my invention I manufacture the absorbent
cotton wadding substantially in the manner and by the means ordinarily employed
in the manufacture of cotton wadding. It is necessary, however, to adopt
precautions in the sizing process to prevent the absorbtion of the sizing material
by the absorbent cotton wool.
For this purpose I prefer to employ a film or sliver of grey or bleached cotton
in combination with the absorbent cotton and so arrange that the grey or bleached
cotton shall form the backing of the wadding.
By
The size is then applied and dried in the ordinary or any suitable manner.
this means the size comes in contact with the backing of ordinary cotton only and
absorbtion thereof by the absorbent cotton is prevented.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
(1.) The manufacture of absorbent cotton wadding substantially as herein before
described.
(2.) In absorbent cotton wadding, the combination of a backing or sliver of grey
or bleached cotton with a facing of absorbent cotton, substantially as described.
Dated this twenty seventh day of July A.D. One thousand eight hundred and
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Nov.. 1886
Complete Left, 27th Aug., 1887
Complete Accepted, 25th Oct., 1887
RESERVE

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carbonizing or Distilling Coal or Shale.
I, JOHN YOUNG Gas Works near Etruria Stoke-on-Trent, Gas Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CARBONIZING OR DISTILLING
COAL OR SHALE and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists of adding to the Coal, Cannel or Shale to be Carbonized or 5
Distilled a quantity of Common Salt (Chloride of Sodium). The best method of
applying the salt is as follows viz. ; After the Coal, Cannel or Shale has been placed
in the Retorts, Ovens or other receptacles for Carbonization or Distillation the
requisite quantity of Salt is scattered over the top of the Coal Cannel or Shale.
The quantity of Salt to be used will be determined by the Composition of the Coal, 1
Cannel or Shale but the amount founed to be most effective in ordinary cases is
four lbs. Avoirdupois of salt to every ton of Coal, Cannel or Shale.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is ;
1st. The coke produced is improved in quality.
1
2nd. The Sulphur impurities in the gases given off are reduced in quantity and
consequently the purification of the gases given off is simplified.
3rd. The quantity of illuminating gases produced is increased.
4th. The quantity of ammoniacal compounds given off is increased.
A Medicinal Tea.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Sept., 1886.
Complete Left, 7th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 15th July, 1887.
A Medicinal Tea.
I, PAUL HOMERO, of Trieste (Austria Hungary) Apothecary do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
For the preparation of the medecinal tea according to my Invention, I employ two
Russian plants; namely, first what is known in Botany as the Polygonum aviculare
of the family of the Polygona, eighth class, (Octandria); third order (Tryginia); and
secondly what is known in Botany as Lepidium ruderale, family of the Crucifero,
fifteenth class, system Linnoe.
In order to prepare the medicinal tea aforesaid I intimately mix together in the
following proportions :―
Polygonum aviculare fifty seven grammes (of 15.43248 grains troy) Lepidium
ruderale three grammes.
Both plants above named are finely cut up, (including the roots in the case of the
Polygonum aviculare.) Thirty grammes (of 15.43248 grains troy) of this mixture are
slowly boiled with a litre (1.75 pints) of water in a well closed earthenware pot or
pipkin until the mixture assumes a dark yellow colour.
The Polygonum aviculare has a diuretic astringent effect, it is diaphoretic and
facilitates expectoration.
The Lepidium ruderale is effective as a febrifuge.
JAMES
STEVENSON,
Gray's Inn Chambers,
20, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: I, PAUL HOMERO, of Trieste, (Austria Hungary) Apothecary do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
For the preparation of the medicinal tea according to my Invention, I employ two
Russian plants; namely, first what is known in Botany as the Polygonum aviculare
of the family of the Polygona, eighth class, (Octandria); third order (Tryginia); and
secondly what is known in Botany as Lepidium ruderale, family of the Crucifero,
fifteenth class, system Linnoe.
In order to prepare the medicinal tea aforesaid I intimately mix together in the
following proportions: :-
Polygonum aviculare fifty seven grammes (of 15.4324 grains) Lepidium ruderale
three grammes.
Both plants above named are finely cut up, (including the roots in the case of the
Polygonum aviculare). Thirty grammes (of 15.43248 grains troy) of this mixture
are slowly boiled with a litre (1.75 pints) of water in a well closed earthenware pot or
pipkin until the mixture assumes a dark yellow colour.
The Polygonum aviculare has a diuretic astringent effect, it is diaphoretic and
facilitates expectoration.
The Lipidium ruderale is effective as a febrifuge.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :
Firstly. The medicinal tea prepared substantially as herein set forth.
Secondly. For the preparation of a medicinal tea, the employment of two Russian
plants known in Botany as the Polygonum aviculare of the family of the Polygona,
eighth class, third order; and the Lepidium ruderale, family of the Cruciferce, fifteenth
class, system Linnæ.
+008