Improvements in Machinery for Turning Over and Closing the Sockets of Shovels and other like Articles.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 5th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 5th Aug., 1887.
Improvements in Machinery for Turning Over and Closing the
Sockets of Shovels and other like Articles.
CHARLES LEEDHAM of The Armley Road Ironworks, Leeds in the County of York,
and WILLIAM COPLEY HEATON, of the same place Hardware Manufacturers, .do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to Improvements in machinery for turning over and closing
the sockets of shovels and other like articles for the reception of the handles, by means
of dies having the form of the required sockets recessed in their opposing faces and
working in conjunction with a central mandril or horn over and around which the
metal is bent by the opposing dies.
The mandril or horn is stationary in a central position between the dies, the dies
being forced towards it by means of toggle or knuckle joints actuating a pair of slides
which carry the dies.
'
These toggle joints are again actuated by links worked by cranks, such cranks being
driven slowly round by means of worms and worm wheels, the crank pins themselves
actually forming part of the worm wheels while the worms are on the main shaft of
the machine which may be driven by a belt or gearing or other suitable means.
The slides carrying the dies may be drawn back by the toggles themselves or by
springs or weights.
The dies may have one or more tiers of recesses &c. for operating on the article
being dealt with, and one or more mandrils or horns may be used in conjunction
therewith.
Such a machine may be used for turning over and closing shovel or other sockets
either when in a hot or cold state, and also for finally closing the sockets on to the
wood handles themselves, in which case the wood handles take the place of the
mandril or horn aforesaid.
The machine may be constructed to work either horizontally, vertically or angularly
as may be desired.

page_text: Sockets of Shovels and other like Articles.
We, CHARLES LEEDHAM and WILLIAM COPLEY HEATON, both of Armley Road
Ironworks, Leeds, in the County of York, Hardware Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our Invention relates to Improvements in Machinery for turning over and closing
the sockets of shovels and other like articles for the reception of the handles, by
means of dies having the form of the required socket recessed in their opposing faces,
and working in conjunction with a central mandril or horn, over and around which the
metal is bent by the opposing dies.
The mandril or horn is stationary in a central position between the dies, the dies
being forced towards it by means of toggle joints actuating a pair of slides which
carry the dies. These toggle joints are again actuated by links worked by cranks,
such cranks being driven slowly round by means of worms and worm wheels, the
crank pins themselves actually forming part of the worm wheels while the worms
are on the main shaft of the machine which may be driven by a belt or gearing or
other suitable means.
The slides carrying the dies may be drawn back by the toggles themselves or by
springs or weights.
The dies may have one or more tiers of recesses &c. for operating on the article
being dealt with, and one or more mandrils or horns may be used in conjunction
therewith.
Such a machine may be used for turning over and closing shovel or other sockets
either when in a hot or cold state, and also for finally closing the sockets on to the
wood handles themselves, in which case the wood handles take the place of the
mandril or horn aforesaid. The machine may be constructed to work either
horizontally, vertically or angularly as may be desired.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a front view of the machine; Fig. 2 is an
end view, and Fig. 3 is a cross section shewing the face of one of the opposing dies
and the mandrils or horns over which the socket of the shovel is closed. A shovel is
shewn in position on the lower or finishing mandril.
The same letters refer to the same parts in all the Figs.
A, A, are the closing dies having one or more suitable impressions in their faces for
operating on the sockets. These dies are attached to and move with the slides B, B,

page_text: which are actuated by the toggles C, C, C, C, and are both timed so as to close
together. These toggle joints are actuated by links D, D, driven by cranks E, E,
such cranks being in one with the worm wheels F, F, which in their turn are driven
by the worms G, G, keyed fast upon the shaft H. This shaft may be driven by
pulleys in the usual manner as shewn or by other means. For strong work requiring
considerable pressure a fly wheel upon the shaft H may be used for carrying the
cranks over their centres.
A coiled spring K is shewn in the drawings for forcing back the slides B, B, the
ends of the spring pressing against the lugs or projections L, L, of the said slides.
The action of the machine may be described as follows:
The operator having hold of the blade of the shovel presents the part which is to
form the socket to the underside of the mandril M; the dies then close upon it and
bend it so as to resemble in section the letter U. The shovel is then witlidrawn and
placed in a similar manner on the underside of the mandril N; the dies then close
again and the socket is completely bent over or closed to the finished form. The
shovel is then withdrawn from off the mandril.
It is evident the mandrils and dies can be changed to suit various forms of work.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, we desire it to be understood that we do not claim any of
the parts when taken separately, but what we do claim as being secured to us by
Letters Patent is―
1. The construction and use of a machine for turning over and closing the sockets
of shovels and other like articles having central mandrils, centrally closing dies
operated by toggles &c. substantially as shewn and described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
2. The combination of the fixed mandrils or horus with a pair of centrally closing
dies having the form of the desired socket recessed in their opposing faces substantially
'as described and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
CHARLES LEEDHAM,
WILLIAM COPLEY HEATON,
Applicants.