IMPROVEMENTS IN REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Hornsby, of Grantham, in the County of Lincoln,
and John Innocent and George Thomas Rutter, both of Spittlegate, in the
County of Lincoln, and Isaac Trolley, of Spittlegate, in the County of Lincoln,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Hornsby, John
Innocent, George Thomas Rutter, and Isaac Trolley, at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd November 1879.
JAMES HORNSBY, of Grantham, in the County of Lincoln, and JOHN INNOCENT
and GEORGE THOMAS RUTTER, both of Spittlegate, in the County of Lincoln,
and ISAAC TROLLEY, of Spittlegate, in the County of Lincoln. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in reaping and mowing machines,
and consists mainly in arrangements by which we obtain more advantageously
than heretofore a combined machine, or a machine of which the principal parts are
available for use either for mowing or for reaping.
In order to permit of the cutting apparatus of the machine being carried and
worked when moving in advance of the main axle, and when reaping in a position
in rear thereof, we provide the gear frame of the machine with two cranks, one at
its fore end and the other at its hinder end; or we so arrange that without
reversing the frame itself the crank may be shifted from the fore end to the hinder
end. The knife employed for mowing is driven from the crank at the fore part of
the frame, and that for reaping is driven from the rear crank.
Our combined machine when arranged for mowing is (as far as the then operative
parts are concerned) similar to the well known "Manchester mower" manufactured
by Messrs. Hornsby & Sons; it has a pair of main wheels on an axle which
revolves as the wheels (or either of them) move forward. A tube forming part of
the gear frame, or frame which carries the driving gear, surrounds the axle between
the wheels. The driving gear consists of a spindle parallel to the axle, and carrying
the first motion pinion, which when required is made fast by a clutch. The first
motion pinion gears with a ring of internal teeth fast with the main wheel on the
outer side. Its spindle also carries a bevilled wheel driving a pinion on the axis
of the crank, which is employed to actuate the mowing knife; this axis extends to
the fore end of the gear frame where the crank is carried. The slade to which the
finger bar is attached is jointed to the side of the gear frame, and a connecting rod
011

page_text: passes from the crank pin to the knife. There is a bridge piece fixed to the gear
frame immediately over the axle, and a plate to which the pole is attached and
which also carries the seat support and seat, is clamped upon the bridge piece,
along which its position can be adjusted laterally to regulate the draught and the
weight upon the carrying wheels.
The
When mowing the gear frame is left free to turn about the axle, as the slade
which rests upon the land follows the inequalities which come in its way.
fore end of the gear frame can, however, be lifted to carry the cutting apparatus
over obstacles, or to raise it for travelling. A lever having its fulcrum on the plate
which carries the seat and pole is provided for this purpose, and from it a chain
descends to the fore part of the gear frame; bolting apparatus is provided in
connection with this lever. In addition to these parts which are in use when
reaping, the gear frame also carries an axis having a bevilled pinion upon it, and
which extends to the rear end of the frame, where it carries the crank for driving
the cutter of the reaping apparatus. The bevilled pinion on this axis is at the
back of the bevilled wheel on the first motion pinion, and when mowing the
pinion does not gear, and the axis of the reaping crank remains at rest. When the
machine has to be prepared for reaping, one of the changes to be made is to remove
the bevilled wheel from the axis of the first motion pinion, then to turn it side
for side and replace it on the spindle. In this way an inner ring of teeth on the
wheel is made to gear with the bevilled pinion on the reaping crank, and so this
is arranged to be driven whilst the mowing crank is rendered inoperative. In
place of employing two crank axes a single axis may be provided continued
through from front to back of the gear frame; but it is more convenient to have
two independent axes. Also when preparing the machine for reaping the mowing
slade, with the whole of the cutting apparatus attached to it, is removed, and so
also may be the lever and gear for lifting the cutting apparatus. The fore end of
the gear frame is when reaping connected by a rigid link with the pole, and the
frame is thus held in a suitable position for actuating the reaping knife from its
hinder end. The plate carrying the pole is also shifted towards the inner wheel,
whilst the seat support (which in mowing extends to the rear) is turned one quarter
round so as to project over the outer wheel, in order that the weight of the rider
may aid in balancing that of the platform of the reaping apparatus.
The cutting apparatus used in reaping is carried at the front edge of the reaping
platform, and to connect the platform with the other parts of the machine a drag
har passing alongside of the inner wheel is employed. When arranged for work
the platform is securely fixed at its corner to the under side of the drag bar, but
by removing bolts the connection can be converted into a free joint, allowing the
platform to be turned up to diminish the width of the machine for travelling.
The drag bar projects for some distance in front of the cutting apparatus, and from
its fore end a link or stay passes to the pole.
The fore end of the drag bar is also controlled by a radius arm parallel with the
axle, or nearly so, and connecting it with the fore end of the gear frame. There
is also an adjustable connection hereinafter described between the radius arm and
the pole; thus the fore end of the drag bar is kept sufficiently far from the pole to
be clear of the inner wheel, and it may be raised or depressed, which has the effect
of altering the height and pitch of the fingers. The hinder end of the drag bar
has an arm projecting from it, and a chain is attached to the arm. The chain
passes up over a pulley carried out from the rear of the gear frame, and it serves
to suspend the hinder end of the drag bar with the platform which is fixed to it.
On the further side the platform is supported in the usual manner by a small
.wheel. This wheel, according to our present arrangement, is mounted upon a
radial arın which admits of the wheel turning as a castor wheel, the arm swinging
around a vertical axis, which axis is also adjustable up or down to regulate the
distance of the cutters from the ground. The hinder part of the drag bar is further
controlled by a link or radius bar passing from it to the hinder part of the gear
frame adjacent to the crank axis. This connection maintains the distance between

page_text: the back of the gear frame and the inner end of the finger bar, whilst the connecting
rod imparts reciprocating motion to the knife.
There is mounted upon the top of the drag bar immediately over the end of
the knife a rake apparatus with automatic gear for controlling the rakes, as in
the well known "indispensable reaper "manufactured by Messrs. Hornsby and
Sons.
The rakes are jointed to the upper end of a vertical axis, they are supported by
a double cam course, and a switch directs them along either the upper or lower
part of the cam, and accordingly each rake as it comes round either clears the
platform or passes over and clear of it.
The switch itself is controlled by connection with a finger operated by pro-
jections upon a barrel surrounding the rake axis, and driven from it, there being a
ring of teeth within the drum with which a pinion upon the rake axis gears. There
are three sets of projections on the drum to give as many varieties in the action of
the rakes, and the finger is moved vertically to bring it into the range of one or
other of these sets of projections. This movement is given to the finger by means
of a long handle extending to within reach of the driver's seat. The rake axis i
driven by a bevilled wheel upon it engaging with a pinion upon a stud axis, and
which pinion has a chain wheel cast with it. A driving chain passes around this
wheel, and also around a chain pinion upon the end of the main axle of the carrying
wheels. A clutch is provided in connection with the chain pinion on the main
axle, by which it can be thrown out when the raking apparatus is not required to
operate. The slack of the chain is taken up by a pulley resting against it, the
pulley being carried by a stud on the arm of a bell crank lever, and a spring applied
to the other arm pressing the pulley against the chain.
The chain pinion can be removed from the machine with the other parts of the
reaping appliances. We form the chain of rectangular links cast in malleable iron,
and the front bar of each link has a hook like projection formed upon it to engage
with the back bar of the preceding link when the links have been brought together,
the projecting hook is closed down so that the end of the hook is again brought to
meet the bar from which it springs, and the fastening is rendered secure by the
insertion of a rivet.
The adjustment in height of the fore end of the drag bar is effected by connecting
the radius arm already mentioned by a link with an arm on an axis. This axis
is capable of being turned by means of a hand lever upon it, and it can be locked
in any desired position by a bolt upon the lever dropping into notches in a fixed
arc. This axis turns within a tube, through which it passes, and the tube is held
in a bearing formed upon the same plate which carriers the pole and driver's seat, or
it may be carried by a separate bracket on the pole. The tube serves as a barrel
upon which the chain suspending the after end of the drag bar may be wound up
more or less in order to effect the necessary adjustment. On the end of the tube
or barrel a disc is formed having a ratchet upon its face with which a locking pawl
forced towards the face of the disc by a spring engages. The barrel is operated,
when it is required to turn it to wind or unwind the chain, by a lever handle
which is free to turn and move in all directions upon the tube or the axis of the
disc. By inclining the handle it may be made to engage with the ratchet teeth
upon the face of the disc, and by the same movement its lower end is brought into
contact with the pawl or catch in such manner as to force it back against the
resistance of a spring so as to clear the ratchet teeth and leave the barrel free to
move under the control of the hand lever. The barrel may be moved in either
direction either to draw in or to let off the chain, the lever can thus be made to
engage in succession with each ratchet tooth on the disc as it comes round, the same
movement of the lever which releases it from the tooth permits the locking pawl to
drop in and retain the barrel until the lever is again applied.
Sometimes we substitute for the fingers of the cutting apparatus triangular
blades similar to those of the knife, but fixed upon the finger bar.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Hornsby, John Innocent, George Thomas Rutter, and Isaac
Trolley, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd May 1880.
JAMES HORNSBY, of Grantham, in the County of Lincoln, and JOHN INNOCENT
and GEORGE THOMAS RUTTER, both of Spittlegate, in the County of Lincoln, and
ISAAC TROLLEY, of Spittlegate, in the County of Lincoln. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in reaping and mowing machines,
and consists mainly in arrangements by which we obtain more advantageously than
heretofore a combined machine or a machine of which the principal parts are
available for use either for mowing or for reaping.
.
In order to permit of the cutting apparatus, of the machine being carried and
worked when inowing in advance of the main axle and when reaping in a position
in rear thereof we provide the gear frame of the machine with two cranks, one at
its fore end and the other at its binder end; or we so arrange that without
reversing the frame itself the crank may be shifted from the fore end to the hinder
end. The knife employed for mowing is driven from the crank at the fore part of
the frame and that for reaping is driven from the rear crank.
"
Our combined machine when arranged for mowing is (as far as the then operative
parts are concerned) similar to the well known "Manchester mower manufactured
by Messrs. Hornsby & Sons; it has a pair of main wheels on an axle which revolves
as the wheels (or either of them) move forward. A tube forming part of the gear
frame or frame which carries the driving gear surrounds the axle between the
wheels. The driving gear consists of a spindle parallel to the axle and carrying the
first motion pinion, which, when required is made fast by a clutch. The first
motion pinion gears with a ring of internal teeth fast with the axle of the main
wheels. Its spindle also carries a bevilled wheel driving a pinion on the axis of
the crank which is employed to actuate the mowing knife; this axis extends to the
fore end of the gear frame where the crank is carried. The slade to which the
finger bar is attached is jointed to the side of the gear frame, and a connecting rod
passes from the crank pin to the knife. There is a bridge piece fixed to the gear
frame immediately over the axle, and a plate to which the pole is attached and
which also carries the seat support and seat is clamped upon the bridge piece, along
which its position can be adjusted laterally to regulate the draught and the weight
upon the carrying wheels.
When mowing, the gear frame is left free to turn about the axle, as the slade
which rests upon the land follows the inequalities which come in its way. The
fore end of the gear frame can however be lifted to carry the cutting apparatus
over obstacles or to raise it for travelling. A lever having its fulcrum on the plate
which carries the seat and pole is provided for this purpose, and from it a chain
descends to the fore part of the gear frame; bolting apparatus is provided in
connection with this lever. In addition to these parts which are in use, when
mowing, the gear frame also carries an axis having a bevilled pinion upon it and
which extends to the rear end of the frame, where it carries the crank for driving
the cutter of the reaping apparatus. The bevilled pinion on this axis is at the back
of the bevilled wheel on the first motion pinion, and when mowing the pinion does
not gear with it and the axis of the reaping crank remains at rest. When the
machine has to be prepared for reaping one of the changes to be made is to set the
bevilled wheel upon the axis of the first motion pinion to gear with the bevilled
pinion on the reaping crank, so that this crank shall be driven whilst the mowing
crank is rendered inoperative. In place of employing two crank axes a single axis
may be provided, continued through from front to back of the gear frame, but it is

page_text: more convenient to have two independent axes. Also, when preparing the machine
for reaping, the mowing slade with the whole of the cutting apparatus attached
to it is removed, and so also may be the lever and gear for lifting the cutting
apparatus. The fore end of the gear frame is, when reaping, connected by a rigid
link with the pole, and the frame is thus held in a suitable position for actuating
the reaping knife from its hinder end. The plate carrying the pole is also shifted
towards the inner wheel, whilst the seat support (which in mowing extends to the
rear) is turned one quarter round so as to project over the outer wheel in order
that the weight of the rider may aid in balancing that of the platform of the reaping
apparatus.
The cutting apparatus used in reaping is carried at the front edge of the reaping
platform, and to connect the platform with the other parts of the machine a drag
bar passing alongside of the inner wheel is employed. When arranged for work
the platform is securely fixed at its corner to the under side of the drag-bar, but
by removing bolts the connection can be converted into a free joint, allowing the
platform to be turned up to diminish the width of the machine for travelling. The
drag bar projects for some distance in the front of the cutting apparatus, and from
its fore end a link or stay passes to the pole.
The fore end of the drag bar is also controlled by a radius arm parallel with the
axle or nearly so, and connecting it with the fore end of the gear frame. There is
also an adjustable connection, herein after described, between the radius arm and
the pole; thus the fore end of the drag bar is kept sufficiently far from the pole to
be clear of the inner wheel, and it may be raised or depressed, which has the effect
of altering the height and pitch of the fingers. The hinder end of the drag bar has
an arm projecting from it and a chain is attached to the arm.
The chain passes
up over a pulley carried out from the rear of the gear frame and it serves to suspend
the hinder end of the drag bar with the platform which is fixed to it. On the
further side the platform is supported in the usual manner by a small wheel. This
wheel, according to our present arrangement, is mounted upon a radial arm which
admits of the wheel turning as a castor wheel, the arm swinging around a vertical
axis, which axis is also adjustable up or down to regulate the distance of the cutters
from the ground. The binder part of the drag bar is further controlled by a link
or radius bar passing from it to the hinder part of the gear frame adjacent to the
crank axis. This connection maintains the distance between the back of the gear
frame and the inner end of the finger bar whilst the connecting rod imparts
reciprocating motion to the knife.
There is mounted upon the top of the drag bar immediately over the end of the
knife a rake apparatus with automatic gear for controlling the rakes, as in the well
known "indispensable reaper" manufactured by Messrs. Hornsby and Sons.
The rakes are jointed to the upper end of a vertical axis, they are supported by a
double cain course and a switch directs them along either the upper or lower part
of the cam, and accordingly each rake as it comes round either clears the platform
or passes over and clear of it.
The switch itself is controlled by connection with a finger operated by projections
upon a barrel surrounding the rake axis and driven from it, there being a ring of
teeth within the drum with which a pinion upon the rake axis gears. There are
three sets of projections on the drum to give as many varieties in the action of the
rakes and the finger is moved vertically to bring it into the range of one or other
of these sets of projections. This movement is given to the finger by means of a
long handle extending to within reach of the driver's seat. The rake axis is driven
by a bevilled wheel upon it engaging with a pinion upon a stud axis and which
pinion has a chain wheel cast with it. A driving chain passes around this wheel
and also around a chain pinion upon the end of the main axle of the carrying wheels.
A clutch is provided in connection with the chain pinion on the main axle by which
it can be thrown out when the raking apparatus is not required to operate. The
slack of the chain is taken up by a pulley resting against it, the pulley being

page_text: carried by a stud on the arm of a bell crank lever, and a spring applied to the
other arm pressing the pulley against the chain.
The chain pinion can be removed from the machine with the other parts of the
reaping appliances. We form the chain of rectangular links cast in malleable iron,
and the front bar of each link has a hook like projection formed upon it to engage
with the back bar of the preceding link when the links have been brought together
the projecting hook is closed down so that the end of the hook is again brought to
meet the bar from which it springs and the fastening is rendered secure by the
insertion of a rivet.
The adjustment in height of the fore end of the drag bar is effected by connecting
the radius arm already mentioned by a link with an arm on an axis; this axis is
capable of being turned by means of a hand lever upon it, and it can be locked in
any desired position by a bolt upon the lever dropping into notches in a fixed arc.
This axis turns within a tube through which it passes and the tube is held in a
bearing formed upon the same plate which carries the pole and driver's seat, or it
may be carried by a separate bracket on the pole. The tube serves as a barrel upon
which the chain suspending the after end of the drag bar may be wound up more
or less in order to effect the necessary adjustment. On the end of the tube or
barrel a disc is formed having a ratchet upon its face with which a locking pawl
forced towards the face of the disc by a spring engages. The barrel is operated
when it is required to turn it to wind or unwind the chain by a lever handle which
is free to turn and move in all directions upon the tube or the axis of the disc. By
inclining the handle it may be made to engage with the ratchet teeth upon the face
of the disc and by the same movement its lower end is brought into contact with
the pawl or catch in such manner as to force it back against the resistance of a
spring so as to clear the ratchet teeth and leave the barrel free to move under the
control of the hand lever. The barrel may be moved in either direction either to
draw in or to let off the chain, the lever can thus be made to engage in succession
with each ratchet tooth on the disc as it comes round, the same movement of the
lever which releases from the tooth permits the locking pawl to drop in and
retain the barrel until the lever is again applied.
Sometimes we substitute for the fingers of the cutting apparatus triangular blades
similar to those of the knife, but fixed upon the finger bar.
On Sheet 1 of the Drawings hereunto annexed I have shown the machine
arranged for mowing, and on Sheet 2 arranged for reaping.
On Sheet 1 Figure 1 is a plan view partly in section, and Figure 2 a side
elevation of the machine.
A, A, are the pair of main wheels on an axle B, and which are in the ordinary
manner caused to turn this axle only when they themselves move forwards. On
the axle is a wheel C with an internal ring of teeth, this gears with and drives the
first motion pinion D, the spindle of this pinion is parallel with the axle B and is
carried by the gear frame E; a tube forming part of this frame embraces the
axle B and is free to turn around it. On the spindle of the pinion D is a bevil
wheel F which drives a pinion on the axis G which extends to the front end of the
gear frame, and there carries the crank G' from which motion is given by a
connecting rod to the knife H. I is the slade to which the finger bar is attached,
it is jointed, as shown at Figure 2, to the side of the gear frame, so that it may rest
upon the ground; J is a bridge piece pin jointed at its ends to lugs which stand up
from the top of the central tube of the gear frame; to this bridge piece is bolted a
plate K, to which is attached the pole, and in which is also a socket to receive the end
of a rod L which carries the seat. M is a lever, the axis of which is also carried by
the plate K. From the lower arm of this lever a chain descends to the fore part of
the gear frame where the slade is jointed to it, the lever can be locked in any
desired position by a bolt which can be caused to engage with any one or other of
the notches of a notched rack N carried by the plate K. The fore part of the gear
frame can thus be raised and held up whenever desired.

page_text: On Sheet 2, Figure 3 is a plan view partly in section, and Figure 4 a side
elevation partly in section, of the machine adapted for reaping. The slade carrying
the finger bar and knife used when mowing are disconnected from the fore end of
the gear frame, and this end of the frame is raised and is connected by a rigid link
with the pole. The seat is shifted into the position shewn by dotted lines in
Figure 3, and the bevil wheel F on the spindle of the first motion pinion D is
moved end wise on the spindle and so put out of gear with the pinion on the axis G,
whilst another ring of bevil teeth on the wheel F is brought into and held, as
shewn, in gear with a pinion on an axis O which extends to the rear end of the
gear frame and carries the crank O' which is to drive the knife used for reaping.
As before stated a single axis might be used to carry both cranks instead of
employing two separate axes G, O, one to carry the crank at the fore end, and the
other the crank at the rear end of the gear frame. A way in which this may be
carried out is shown at Figure 5. the axis has upon it two pinions G, O. When
the crank at the rear end of the gear frame is to be used for driving the knife used
for reaping the gear wheel F is in the position shown in the Drawing and gears
with the wheel O, but when the crank at the fore end of the gear frame is to be
used the spindle of the wheel F is withdrawn, the wheel is turned so that the ring
of teeth which were previously out of action are brought into gear with the wheel G,
and the spindle is then again passed into and secured to the wheel F.
At Figure 3 the plate K which carries the pole is shown to have been_shifted
along the bridge piece J so as to bring it close to the inner main wheel A. P is the
drag bar, to which is secured the cutting apparatus and platform used when reaping,
and which also carries the rake delivery apparatus. Figures 6 and 7 show the way
in which the platform Q is attached to the rear end of the drag bar. When the
machine is in use for reaping it is securely bolted to the drag bar, as shown at
Figure 6, but when the machine is to be prepared for travelling one of the bolts is
withdrawn and the platform is turned upwards upon the other bolt into the
position shewn at Figure 7. An axle R having a supporting wheel mounted upon
it is also bolted to the rear end of the drag bar, and a link R¹ is passed from this
axle to the underside of the platform to hold it up in its raised position; S is a
guard or shield for protecting the gear wheels by which the delivery rakes are
driven; it is jointed at its lower end to the platform and its upper end is coupled
by a link S¹ to the upper part of the drag bar, so that the platform may be turned
up for travelling without detaching the shield.
The fore end of the drag bar P is connected by a link T with the pole, and
is also connected by another link or radius arm T₁ to the fore part of the gear
frame.
The arm T is connected by a link T with an arm on an axis U mounted in
bearings carried by a bracket secured to the pole. On the axis is a lever arm U',
by which it can be turned, and the fore end of the drag bar so raised or lowered.
The lever arm can be locked in any desired position by a catch bolt carried by it
entering one or other of the notches of a notched plate U2, which is carried by
the bracket. The rear end of the drag bar has an arm P¹ projecting from it. A
chain attached to this arm is led over guide pullies, and is attached to a tube V,
which can turn upon the axis U. The tube serves as a barrel, upon which the
chain can be wound, and the rear end of the drag bar so raised. On the end of
the tube is a disc V¹ having ratchet teeth upon its face; a lever pawl W is, as
shown at Figure 8, pressed by a spring W' against the face of this wheel, and
engaging with the teeth upon it prevents the tube V from turning in a direction
to allow the chain to unwind from it. X is a lever free to be turned around the
axis U, and also to be inclined into the position shown by dotted lines at Figure 8.
It is pressed towards the disc V by a spring X¹.
When the lever X is pressed into the position shown by dotted lines its lower
end presses back and disengages the pawl W, whilst the opposite arm of the lever
engages with the ratchet teeth on the disc V₁. The lever can then be turned in

page_text: either direction, turning the tube V with it, and either winding up the chain upon
the tube V or allowing the chain to unwind from it, so raising or lowering the
rear end of the drag bar.
The hinder end of the drag bar is also kept at its proper distance away from the
inner wheel by a link P³, as shown, passing from it to the rear end of the gear
frame.
Figures 9 and 10 show a plan and side view of the castor wheel, by which the
further side of the platform is supported. The vertical axis upon which the radial
arm of the castor swivels is carried by a slide a, which can be moved upwards or
downwards in guides in a casting attached to the outer end of the platform. On
the slide a is mounted a pinion, which gears with a rack b on the casting, so that
by turning the pinion the slide can be caused to move up or down. c is a spring
bolt, by which the slide can be locked and held in any position to which it
may be moved. This bolt is held back during the time the slide a is being moved
up or down.
Mounted upon the rear end of the drag bar P and immediately above the knife
of the cutting apparatus is an axis Y vertical or approximately so.
To the upper
end of this axis are jointed the rake arms. The rake arms also rest upon a double
cam course fixed to the drag bar, and provided with a switch as before stated for
controlling whether the arms shall pass along the upper or lower part of the cam,
as before stated. This way of controlling the movement of the rake arms is well
understood, so that we have not thought it necessary to shew it in the Drawings.
The switch itself is controlled by a finger Z upon its axis, being operated upon, as
shewn at Figures 6 and 11, by projections upon a barrel Z¹, surrounding the rake
axis Y. The barrel is turned by a ring of teeth within it gearing with a pinion
upon the axis Y. There are, as shewn at Figure 6, three sets of projections upon
the barrel Z¹, and the finger can be moved vertically to bring it into the range of
one or other of these projections by means of a lever Z2, which can be locked by
a locking bolt in any desired position, as shewn.
The rake axis Y has a bevil wheel upon it. Into this gears a bevil pinion, on
the axis of which is a chain wheel d. This is driven by an endless chain, which
passes over a chain wheel e fixed upon the main axle B. The chain wheel e can,
as shewn at Figure 3, be moved end wise upon the axle by a clutch lever f, so as to
be made fast upon the axle or set loose upon it, as desired. The manner in which
we form the endless driving chain is clearly shewn at Figures 12 and 13, so that it
is unnecessary to give any further description of the manner of making this endless
driving chain. Figures 3 and 4 shew the way in which this driving chain is kept
taut when in use. A pulley h, which rests against this chain, is carried by one
arm of a bell crank lever i, whilst a coiled spring k acts against the other arm.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, we would have it understood that we claim,—
First. The construction of a combined reaping and mowing machine, substantially
as herein before described.
Second. The construction of the frame of the combined reaping and mowing
machine substantially as described with a crank at its fore end to be used when
mowing, and a crank at its rear end to be used when reaping.
Third. The construction of a combined reaping and mowing machine so that its
main frame is free to rock on the main axle when mowing, and can be fixed rigidly
by a stay to the pole when reaping.
Fourth. The construction of the endless driving chain, substantially in the
manner described.
Fifth. The means substantially as described for keeping the endless driving chain
taut.
Sixth. Mounting the vertical axis, around which swivels the divider wheel (or
wheel which supports the outer end of the platform) upon a slide, which can be
raised or lowered by means of a rack and pinion, substantially as described.

page_text: Seventh. Connecting the platform to the drag bar, substantially in the manner
described.
Eighth. Mounting the rake axis upon the drag bar, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Hornsby, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
JAMES HORNSRY
(10)
JAMES HORNSRY
(1.S.)