Chiefly Designed for Use in Tramway-cars and Omnibuses
Year: 1885

page_text: Chiefly Designed for Use in Tramway-cars and Omnibuses.
"
66
We GEORGE JAMES THORPE Manager and JOHN HENRY RICHARDSON Engineer
both of Leigh Avenue Ardwick Green Manchester in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN TICKET-
PUNCHING AND REGISTERING APPARATUS, CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR USE IN TRAM-
WAY-CARS AND OMNIBUSES," to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide a ready means of checking the receipts
on Tramcars or other Vehicles or at Theatres Gardens or other places of public
entertainment or elsewhere when it is desirable to keep a check upon the receipt
of money by conductors doorkeepers or other attendants.
The Invention consists principally of a Ticket Punch so constructed that it
punches a figure through the ticket corresponding with the value thereof and at
each punching operation gives a corresponding number of audible strokes on a bell
or gong and at the same time, it keeps a record of the number of tickets stamped
and the aggregate value thereof in pounds shillings and pence.
The apparatus is enclosed in a case of convenient form provided with an
external lever made with a cam or projection which latter passes through an
opening in the case and acts upon the punches inside the same.
The punches are attached to plates hinged at one end to a drum or carrier
mounted upon a central stud or axle which is capable of being turned round
when required so as to bring the proper punch under the lever according to the
value to be marked on the ticket The plates and their punches are forced down
by means of the lever and are raised up again by means of springs-Immediately
below each punch is a hole in the drum which is a counterpart of the punch and a
slit or opening is made in the outer case opposite to the space between the drum
and the punch for the introduction of the ticket guide plates being provided to
direct the ticket into the proper position for punching which guide plates also act
as stops to prevent the tickets from being pushed in too far as well as to with-
draw the cut figures off from the cutting edge of the punch as it rises.
The figures punched out of the tickets fall into the inside of the drum one end
of which is left open for their escape.

page_text: A fixed tube with only one opening (under the lever) is placed inside the drum
so as to prevent the cuttings from falling into the openings of the other punches
and choking the same.
Each of the hinged punch plates is provided at its fill end with a hooked catch
or pawl and the length of each catch or pawl is so proportioned that when the
punch is depressed by the lever its catch or pawl shall overrun a number of teeth
upon a ratchet wheel (loose on the axis of the drum) corresponding with the
number of the punch that is to say the catch of N° 2 punch will run over two
teeth that of N° 3 three teeth and so on.
When the pressure is taken off the lever and the spring withdraws the punch
the catch causes a pallet wheel in connection with the ratchet to give an
equivalent number of blows upon the bell so that not only is each ticket visibly
punched with a figure corresponding to its value but an audible check is also
given by the same number of strokes being sounded on the bell.
The ratchett wheel (or the pallet wheel) is fixed on a long boss or sleeve working
loosely on the central stud or axis and to this boss is connected an ordinary
counting apparatus which will indicate the number of tickets which have been
punched And in addition to this (or instead thereof) we place on the sleeve three
wheels side by side that on the right hand being fast on the sleeve and numbered
on its edge from 0 to 11 to represent pence-The other two are loose on the sleeve
the central one being marked from 0 to 19 to represent the shillings and the third
or left hand one marked from 0 to 20 so that these three wheels will give indi-
cations from one-penny to twenty pounds according to the aggregate value of the
tickets punched On an arbor which is parallel to the axis of these wheels are two
small double pinions gearing into teeth cut on the wheels and communicating
motion from one to the other in such a way that as the "pence" wheel completes a
revolution it turns the "shilling" wheel one division and as the latter completes its
revolution it turns the "pounds" wheel one division and so on until twenty pounds
have been recorded when it will commence again at one penny.
We may here remark that these figures are only given for the sake of illustration
as it will be evident that the apparatus may be constructed to indicate up to any
other reasonable limits according to the nature and amount of the receipts to be
checked.
An opening or openings may be made in the case so that these indications shall
be at all times visible or they may be entirely concealed from view and only be
visible upon the case being unlocked and opened by some authorised person to
whom the key is entrusted.

page_text: Chiefly Designed for Use in Tramway-cars and Omnibuses.
We, GEORGE JAMES THORPE, Manager, and JOHN HENRY RICHARDSON,
Engineer, both of Leigh Avenue, Ardwick Green, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN TICKET-PUNCHING AND REGISTERING APPARATUS, CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR USE
IN TRAMWAY-CARS AND OMNIBUSES" and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our invention relates to ticket-punching and registering apparatus, and its main
object is to provide for preventing fraud by conductors of tramway-cars and
omnibuses, or by door-keepers or other persons entrusted with the receipt of money
at theatres or other places.
Ticket-punches, as heretofore constructed, are usually so made that they will
punch round, square or triangular holes in the tickets, or will cut pieces out of the
edges of the tickets, and it has been customary to print upon the tickets figures or
numeral characters indicating the prices to be paid therefor.
An important feature of our invention is the construction of the apparatus in
such a manner that it will punch holes through the tickets representing the figures
or numeral characters which indicate the prices to be paid for such tickets. We
thus obviate the necessity for printing figures upon the tickets and provide for
indicating more clearly than heretofore, to the purchaser of a ticket, the sum he
should pay for the same. Moreover, we provide means whereby the pieces cut or
punched out of the tickets can be retained within the apparatus, so that they can
be subsequently counted to ascertain the total amount of money received by the
conductor or other person.
Our apparatus is usually constructed with mechanism whereby it will register
or record either the number of tickets punched, or the aggregate value thereof in
pounds, shillings and pence, or in any other desired coinage.
Our said invention, moreover, comprises various improvements hereinafter.
set forth.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal central section through the casing of our
apparatus shewing the internal mechanism thereof in side elevation.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section on the line x, x, Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line x, x1, Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a transverse section on the line x³, x², Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a section on the line ³, x³, Figure 3.
Figure 6 is a face view of a disc or plate carrying the punches.
Figures 7 and 8 show details of construction."
Figure 9 is an underside view of the registering mechanism, and,
Figure 10 a side elevation thereof, both drawn to an enlarged scale.
Figure 11 is a projection of part of a shaft or spindle, illustrating a device

page_text: Figure 12 is a horizontal central section through the casing or another form of
our apparatus, shewing the internal mechanism thereof.
Figure 13 is a vertical longitudinal central section of the said apparatus.
Figure 14 is a transverse section on the line y, y, Figure 13.
Figure 15 is a face view, and
Figure 16 an edge view of the punch and die plates.
Figures 17 to 21 shew various details of construction.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
a is the case of the apparatus, which may be of any convenient form, and which
is preferably made in two parts a¹, a³, as shown. a³ is an aperture or slit formed
in the case a to permit the insertion of the tickets to be punched. b is the die-
plate. c, c, are the punches. d is a lever, which is pivotted at d to lugs formed
on, or attached to, the case a, and which has an arm d² extending through a hole
in the said case and arranged to act upon the punch or punches therein. f is a
hollow shaft connecting the punching mechanism with the registering mechanism
as hereinafter described. g is a frame fixed within the case a and carrying a bell h
and a hammer i which is pivotted at i¹. 2 is a spring which is slightly unwound
when the hammer is moved back as hereinafter described, and which then reacts
to cause the said hammer to strike the bell. is a spring for holding the hammer
out of contact with the bell when not in action. k is a chamber-or space for
receiving the pieces punched out of the tickets, which pieces can, if desired, be
collected in the said chamber and subsequently counted for the purpose above
specified. is a spring for moving the punches away from the dies after a ticket
has been punched. m m are fingers, which are arranged in combination with a
spring m, and which act, as hereinafter described, to prevent the operation of the
apparatus until a ticket is inserted therein in position to be punched.
In the apparatus shewn in Figures 1 to 11, the die-plate b is fixed or formed on
a sleeve b¹, which is fitted to rotate upon a central rod n. The punches care
firmly attached to a disc or plate c¹ fixed or formed on the hollow shaft f, which is
also fitted to rotate upon the central rod n. The die-plate b is provided with pins
or projections which are fitted to slide in holes or notches c³ in the plate c¹,
to ensure the coincidence of the dies and punches, and the rotation of the plate c¹
with the die-plate b. The said plates are arranged to be rotated (to bring the
desired punch and die into position to punch a ticket) by means of a milled wheel o,
which is keyed on the sleeve b¹ and is fitted with a capability of rotation in the
end of the case a. The said case is provided with an internal flange a (Figure 4)
having notches a³, and the wheel o is provided with a bolt o', which is acted upon
by a spring o2 so that it will enter one of the said notches a when the corre-
sponding punch and die are in position to operate upon a ticket. The said wheel o
is held in the case a by a knob or handle n' on the rod n, which rod is passed
through the said case and secured therein by a pin or bolt n³, and also by a
screw n. The said pin or bolt is preferably held in place by means of a lock n³.
The arm d² of the lever d is provided with an antifriction roller d³, which bears
against the plate c', so that, when the lever d is depressed, the plate c' is moved
towards the die-plate, and the punches c are forced through the corresponding
holes in the said die-plate. A spiral spring is placed upon the central rod n
between the die-plate b and the plate c¹, to effect the return movement of the
plate when the pressure on the lever d is relaxed.
A guide-plate p is attached to the die-plate 6 in such a manner that a space is
left between the said plates, and, when a ticket is inserted into the slit a³, it will
enter the said space. This guide-plate, moreover, acts very advantageously to hold
the ticket and thus facilitate the withdrawal of the punch therefrom in its return
movement.
The fingers m are arranged within slots 6s in the sleeve 61, and are pivotted
at m² and acted upon by a circular spring m', which tends to hold them in the
position shewn in Figure 5. A plate q is fixed in the case a and serves as a
bearing for the die-plate b. This plate is made with a central hole q' and with

page_text: an aperture q communicating therewith. When the die-plate b and sleeve b¹ are
in their proper position in the case a, the said sleeve fits into the hole q' and, when
the apparatus is adjusted to operate upon a ticket, the inner edge of the plate q
holds three of the fingers m in position to enter notches co formed for the purpose
in the plate c¹; but the other finger m, which is opposite the aperture q², and is,
therefore, not acted upon by the edge of the plate q, will abut against the plate c
and prevent the movement thereof and, consequently, the operation of the
apparatus. When, however, a ticket is pushed into the slit a³, the said finger will
thereby be moved into position to enter the corresponding notch c³ in the plate c',
and the apparatus can then be operated to punch the said ticket. We thus provide
for permitting the operation of the apparatus when, but not until, a ticket is
inserted.
The pieces cut or punched from the tickets will pass through the aperture q³ into
the chamber, but will be prevented by the plate q from passing from this
chamber through the other holes of the die-plate and thus obstructing the operation
of the apparatus.
The plate c¹ is provided with pins or pointed projections c, which, when the
apparatus is operated, enter holes 6 in the plates p and b. When the apparatus
is operated to punch a ticket, one of these pins passes through the said ticket and
holds the same in position while it is being punched and until the parts have
returned to their original positions. By these means we provide for ensuring the
registration, as hereinafter described, of each ticket punched, or of the price to be
paid therefor, before the said ticket can be withdrawn.
The registering mechanism is constructed and arranged as hereinafter set forth,
that is to say is a bracket, which is firmly secured to the frame and which
carries the said mechanism. This mechanism comprises three wheels 11, 73, 7t
geared in any suitable manner so that the wheel r, in making one revolution, will
turn the wheel 2 one twentieth part of a revolution, and the wheel 2, in making
one revolution, will turn the wheel one twentieth or other part of a revolution,
according to the total amount which the apparatus is to be capable of registering.
The wheel is provided with a dial having twelve divisions, the wheel ² with a
dial having twenty divisions, and the wheel with a dial baving twenty or any
other suitable number of divisions according to the amount which the apparatus is
to be capable of registering. We term the wheel 1 the pence-wheel, the wheel 2
the shillings-wheel, and the wheel the pounds-wheel. A pinion 8 is fixed upon
the arbor of the pence-wheel, and gears with a similar pinion 8' fixed on an
arbor 82, on which is also fixed a ratchet-wheel 83 having twelve teeth. A lever t iş
pivotted upon the arbor 8 and carries a pawl t', and a spring which tends to
hold the said pawl in engagement with the ratchet-wheel 83. A retaining pawl t³
is pivotted to the bracket r and is held in engagement with the ratchet-wheel ³
by a spring t. A lever u is pivotted at u¹ to the bracket r, and is coupled, by
means of a link u³, to the levert. The lever u is provided with a pin or stud u³
which projects between two collars v, v¹ fixed or formed on the hollow shaft ƒ,
which shaft extends through apertures in the frame g and bracket r. A spring u₁
is secured to the bracket 7, so that it will press against the lever u and thus
prevent too much freedom in the working of the registering mechanism.
The collar on the hollow shaft f is a plain ring or annular piece, but the
collar v is made with a series of projections v³, v³, v differing in length, as shewn
in Figure 11. Under normal conditions, the collar bears against the pin or
stud 3 of the lever u, and holds the levert and pawl t' in position (as shown) to
act upon the ratchet-wheel 83. When the lever d is depressed the collar vl, or one
of its projections v2, v3, v, acts upon the pin or stud u³ and thereby partially
rotates the ratchet-wheel 83. If the apparatus is so adjusted that the said collar
itself will act upon the said pin or stud, the ratchet-wheel 83 will be rotated
through a distance equal to the length of one tooth of the said wheel; if, however,
the apparatus is so adjusted that one of the projections v², v³, or will act upon.
the said pin or stud, the said ratchet-wheel will be rotated through a distance

page_text: equal to the length of two, three, or four teeth of the said wheel according to the
length of the said projection. The projections v³, v³, v on the collar v¹ are so
arranged that, when either of the punches 2, 3 or 4 is in position to operate upon
a ticket, the corresponding projection v2, v3 or 4 will be in position to act upon the
pin or stud us, and, when the punch 1 is in position to operate upon a ticket,
neither of the said projections will be in position to act upon the said pin or stud.
The plate c¹ and the hollow shaft f must, as above stated, be permitted to return
to their original positions, before a ticket that has been punched can be with-
drawn; it is, therefore, evident that the ratchet-wheel must be rotated sufficiently
to register the price to be paid for each ticket, before the said ticket can be
withdrawn from the apparatus.
When the lever d is depressed, the hammer i is drawn back by the collar f* on
the shaft, and is then released and caused by the spring to strike the bell, as
above described.
The apparatus shown in Figures 12 to 21 is adapted for use when the tickets to
be punched are to be all of one price, as, for instance, in the case of a tramway on
which a certain fare is charged for the whole, or any part, of a journey.
In this apparatus, only one punch and a corresponding die are employed, and the
plate c¹ is hinged or pivotted at b* to the die-plate b. These plates and the slit as
are, moreover, parallel, or nearly parallel, with the central rod n, instead of being
The lever d
at right angles thereto as in the apparatus shown in Figures 1 to 11.
is so arranged that its arm will act directly upon the plate c¹ at the back of the
punch c. The said lever is, moreover, provided with a spring d for effecting its
return movement. A block vs having an inclined surface v6 is secured to the
plate c¹ and is arranged to operate in combination with the hollow shaft ƒ (which
is formed with a correspondingly inclined surface f¹) to actuate the registering
mechanism when a ticket is punched. A curved spring 1, formed from a flat piece
of steel, is attached to the back of the plate c¹ and bears, at its extremities, against
the frame g. This spring effects the return movement of the plate c¹ and the
block attached thereto. A spring is, moreover, placed upon the hollow shaft f
and bears, at one end, against the frame g, and, at the other end, against a
shoulder on the said shaft. This spring effects the return movement of the
shaft fafter it has been moved to actuate the registering mechanism. The block v
is formed with an extension v7 to act upon an extension i* of the hammer i, when
a ticket is punched, and thus draw back the said hammer and then release it so
that it will strike the bell h. The bracket, which carries the pivot-pin of the
hammer i, is formed with a slot through which is passed the screw that
secures the said bracket to the frame g. By these means, we provide for the
adjustment of the hammer i relatively to the extension of the block v³.
A plate w is fixed in the case a to afford the requisite resistance to the block v
when in operation.
The registering mechanism is greatly simplified, as it is only necessary that the
ratchet-wheel should be rotated through a distance equal to the length of one tooth
each time a ticket is punched.
The said mechanism comprises three wheels 1, 3, 23, geared in any suitable
manner according to the coinage for which they are designed. It also comprises a
ratchet-wheel s³, which is fixed upon the arbor of the wheel 1, and a pawl t
which is pivotted to a block f³ fixed on the end of the shaft f, and is held in
engagement with the ratchet-wheel 83 by a spring t* attached to the bracket r.
Reciprocating motion is imparted to the shaft ƒ by the block vs in such a manner
that, when a ticket is punched, the pawl t¹ will act upon one of the teeth of the
ratchet-wheel and partially rotate. the said wheel, and will then be drawn back
and engage with the next succeeding tooth of the said wheel. A retaining pawl t³
is pivotted to the bracket r and is held in engagement with the ratchet-wheel by
the spring to secured to the said bracket.
An opening or openings, as at a* in Figure 2, may be made in the case a so that
the dials of the registering mechanism will be at all times visible, and the said case

page_text: may be provided with a sliding cover as shewn by dotted lines in the said figure,
which cover may be fastened in place by the lock n³ and key or bolt n² above
described, so that the said dials may be entirely concealed from view except when
the case is unlocked and opened by some authorized person.
It is obvious that the construction of our apparatus may be somewhat modified
without departing from the nature of our said invention. For instance, two or
more punches and dies may be employed, and each punch arranged to be operated
by a separate lever.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
First. A ticket-punching apparatus provided with one or more punches and
dies having the shape of one or more figures or numeral characters, for the purpose
specified.
Second. A ticket-punching apparatus provided with a series of punches and
dies which have the shape of figures or numeral characters and are arranged in
combination with means whereby they can be adjusted to bring either punch and
die into their operative position.
Third. The employment, in combination with the die-plate, of a device for
guiding the tickets and holding the same to facilitate the withdrawal of the punch
therefrom, as above specified.
Fourth. The employment, in combination with the punching mechanism, of
mechanism for registering the total amount of money for which tickets have been
issued, as above specified.
Fifth. The combination of parts comprising the lever u provided with the pin
or stud u³, and the hollow shaft provided with the fixed collars and projections,
substantially as set forth, whereby we provide for turning the wheels of the
registering mechanism more or less according to the price to be paid for the
ticket, as above specified.
Sixth. The arrangement of the punch-plate and die-plate upon a central rod
with a spring between them, substantially as described with reference to Figures 1
and 2 of the drawings, so that the said plates are free to rotate on the said rod
and the punch-plate is capable of to-and-fro motion thereon, for the purpose specified.
Seventh. The combination of parts comprising the punch-plate, the die-plate,
and the milled wheel provided with the spring bolt or catch, substantially as
described, whereby we provide for the adjustment of the said plates according to the
price to be paid for the ticket to be punched, and for their retention in any position
to which they may be adjusted, as, and for the purpose, specified.
Eighth. The provision of means substantially as set forth whereby the operation
of the apparatus is prevented until a ticket is inserted therein in position to be
punched, as above specified.
Ninth. The provision of means substantially as set forth for preventing the
withdrawal of a ticket before the said ticket, or the price to be paid therefor,
is properly registered, as above specified.
Tenth. The improved apparatus consisting of the parts constructed and
combined substantially as described with reference to either of the forms or
modifications shown in the accompanying drawings and operating as, and for the
purposes specified.
Dated this 28th day of November 1885
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicants.