IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED FOR COMBING WOOL
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morris, of Triangle, in the Parish of
Halifax, in the County of York, Worsted Spinner, and James Teal,
of Sowerby, in the Parish and County aforesaid, Mechanic, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED FOR COMBING
WOOL."
Sealed the 1st April 1870, and dated the 5th October 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morris and
James Teal at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 5th October 1869.
We, WILLIAM MORRIS, of Triangle, in the Parish of Halifax, in the
County of York, Worsted Spinner, and JAMES TEAL, of Sowerby, in the
Parish and County aforesaid, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED FOR
COMBING WOOL," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the class of machines for combing wool (as -
now and heretofore constructed) in which the wool is drawn off or

page_text: removed in one united sliver from the circular comb by means of a
pair of rollers, the whole of the wool or "top," long and short, being
combined.
The object of our Invention is to draw off and separate into dis-
tinct slivers the long and the short wool and thus produce slivers the
length of staple in which is much more uniform and the slivers
sounder.
This we effect as follows:-Instead of rollers applied as heretofore
we employ a pair of shorter rollers supported in bearings at a distance
from the circular comb with adjusting screws so as to regulate the
distance and nip; these draw off the long wool only and form a complete
sliver. A second pair of rollers' worked vertically or horizontally are
placed nearer the circular comb, so as to lay hold and draw off the wool
left in the circular comb. This, the short wool, forms a separate and
distinct sliver, and if desirable other rollers may be employed, each pair
forming distinct slivers.
The dividing or separating the long wool from the short facilitates the
production of fine yarn. The separate drawing off or collecting the short
produces more "top" or wool and less "noil" or waste, because the
additional rollers lay hold and draw off fibres that escape the rollers (as
heretofore used), and pass with the noil to the "noil can." The waste
occasioned by the shorter fibres adhering to the outer or non-drawing
portion of the rollers as heretofore employed is obviated, this wool,
as above described, being received by rollers specially arranged for its
reception.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Morris and James Teal in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 5th April 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
MORRIS, of Triangle, in the Parish of Halifax, in the County of York, 30
Worsted Spinner, and JAMES TEAL, of Sowerby, in the Parish and
County aforesaid, Mechanic, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of October, in the year of our

page_text: Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-third
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said William Morris and James Teal, Her special
licence that we, the said William Morris and James Teal, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William
Morris and James Teal, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED FOR COMBING
WOOL," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William
Morris and James Teal, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Morris and James Teal,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to the class of machines for combing wool (as
now and heretofore constructed) in which the wool is drawn off or
5 removed in one united sliver from the circular comb by means of a
pair of rollers, the whole of the wool or "top," long and short, being
combined.
The object of our Invention is to draw off and separate into distinct
slivers the long and the short wool, and thus produce slivers the length
of staple in which is much more uniform and the slivers sounder.
This we effect as follows:-Instead of rollers applied as heretofore we
employ a pair of shorter rollers supported in bearings at a distance from
the circular comb with adjusting screws so as to regulate the distance
and nip; these draw off the long wool only and form a complete sliver.
5 A. second pair of rollers worked vertically or horizontally are placed
nearer the circular comb so as to lay hold and draw off the wool left in

page_text: the circular comb. This, the short wool, forms a separate and distinct.
sliver, and if desirable other rollers may be employed, cach pair forming,
distinct slivers.
The dividing or separating the long wool from the short facilitates
the production of fine yarn. The separate drawing off or collecting
the short produces more "top" or wool and less "noil" or waste,
because the additional rollers lay hold and draw off fibres that escape
the rollers (as heretofore used) and pass with the noil to the "noil
can."
The waste occasioned by the shorter fibres adhering to the
outer or non-drawing portion of the rollers as heretofore employed is
obviated, this wool as above described being received by rollers specially
arranged for its reception..
Such being the nature and object of this our said Invention, we will
now proceed to describe the same, and in order that the same may
be clearly understood we have hereunto annexed a Sheet of Drawings,
and have marked the same with figures and letters of reference, the same
letter referring to the same part in each view or Figure.
Figure 1 is an elevation shewing part of a combing machine with our
improvements attached; Figure 2 is a plan of Figure 1. A is the
circular comb; B, the fluted drawing rollers, these being made shorter
than ordinary; the standard C carrying these is adjustable on its support
D by means of the bolts E and slot holes F, F; these draw off the long
wool or fibre only and form a distinct sliver; G, G³, is a "star" for
separating the fibre; at H, H', is shewn an additional pair of fluted
drawing rollers working in a vertical position nearer the circle A so as
to draw of the short wool or fibre left in the comb by the first pair of
rollers B; this fibre as shewn forms a distinct sliver. The drawing off
rollers H, H, are driven from the ordinary upright shaft J by the level
wheels J, J, spur and carrier wheels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, communicating
motion to the roller H' supported on the footsteps or bearing H₁ attached
to the cross rail H³, the pinion wheels 6, 7, 7', imparting rotation to
the rollers H. The wheels 8, 9, 10, 11, drive the noil rollers M, M.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this our said
Invention for "Improvements in Machinery to be employed for Combing
Wool," together with the manner in which the same is to be or may a
be performed, we would have it understood we claim the arrangement
and application of the additional drawing rollers in connection and

page_text: combination with the driving gear in the manner and for the purposo
has herein described and illustrated in the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Morris, for and on behalf
of myself and the said James Teal, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Second day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Blackburn.
WM. MORRIS. (L.S.)