IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING MILLS AND IN THE DRIVING APPARATUS THEREOF
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Deighton, of Workington, in the County of
Cumberland, Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING
MILLS AND IN THE DRIVING APPARATUS THEREOF."
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said William Deighton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th April 1882.
WILLIAM DEIGHTON of Workington in the County of Cumberland Engineer.
'IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING-MILLS AND IN THE DRIVING APPARATUS THEREOF."
"
My improvements relate to rolling mills and to the means and apparatus or
machinery employed in rolling iron steel ctcetera.
The object of my Invention is to economise time and labour in the operation of
rolling or reducing in sectional area and to the required form masses of iron and
steel.
My Invention consists of a double reversing mill which by preference I construct
substantially as follows.
Two pairs of rolls are placed on one bed plate and in one set or one pair of
standards frames or housings, in such a position as that material can be operated
on by both pairs of rolls, at the same time. The two pairs of rolls are (practically)
of the same diameter but not necessarily so and are driven at varying speeds so
that each pair of rolls will act on the material without undue strain that is to say
the pair of rolls which first receives the ingot-bloom or billet will revolve at u
less rate of speed than the second pair of rolls which is operating on the said ingot
bloom or billet at the same time.
The front pair of rolls is driven direct from the first motion shaft of the engine.
The back pair of rolls is driven by reversing gearing from the first motion shaft of
the said engine.
The variation in the speed of the front and back pairs of rolls is obtained by
fixing on the shaft driving the front pair of rolls a wheel and a pinion the wheel
being geared into a loose clutch pinion on the back shaft aud the pinion being
geared into a loose clutch wheel on the back shaft.

page_text: A sliding clutch of ordinary construction revolving with the back shaft (by
means of a key or fenther) is fitted with a hand reversing lever of ordinary
construction or connected to a piston and rod of a steam or hydraulic cylinder and
is thereby actuated for the purpose of connecting the said back shaft with the
front shaft through the pinion or wheel according as the material is being passed
through the mill from the front or the back. When tho material is passed through
the rolls from front to back the large wheel on the first motion shaft drives the
second motion shaft through the pinion connected therewith by the clutch and
when the material is passed through the rolls from back to front (the clutch
having been thrown out of gear with the pinion and into gear with the wheel)
the pinion on the first motion shaft drives the second motion shaft through the
wheel on the second motion shaft. Instead of the clutch and clutch wheels abovo
described friction dises or other equivalent appliances can be employed for the
same purpose.
The accompanying Drawings illustrato my Invention.
Figure 1 is a front view in elevation; Figure 2 is a plan, Figure 3 is an end view
of the train of rolls looking from right to left, Figure 4 is an end view of the main
gearing of the mill looking from right to left and as taken through the dotted
line YZ Figure 2.
A is the first motion shaft or shaft driving the front pair of rolls B is the second
motion shaft or shaft driving the back pair of rolls, C is the wheel on the shaft A,
Dis the pinion on the shaft A, E is the loose pinion on the shaft B, F is the
loose wheel on the shaft B, G is the sliding clutch, H is the clutch lever, J is a
bracket carrying the clutch lever H, K is a steam cylinder, L is a piston rod
connected to and netunting the clutch lever H, M M is the front pair of rolls,
NN are the roll housings, 00' are the pinion housings, PP are the pinions,
The bottom roll M is rotated directly by [the first motion shaft A, and the top
roll M is driven indirectly by the pair of pinions P, the rolls and pinions are
connected to the shaft A by coupling boxes and spindles in the ordinary manner.
The back pair of rolls Q Q are driven directly by the shaft B and the pair of
pinions PPs the shaft, pinions, and rolls, being connected by coupling boxes and
spindles in the ordinary manner.
In the construction of a rail mill as above described and illustrated by the
accompanying Drawings, the two pairs of rolls M AP Q Q will be so "gated" or
grooved as that the material under operation will (under ordinary circumstances)
only be passed once through each gate or groove. For instance in rolling rails
the bloom would be passed through a gate in the front pair of rolls M M then
through the opposite gate in the back pair of rolls QQ at the same time that
it in passing through the rolls M M', the mill being then reversed the bloom
would be passed through a different gate in the rolls Q Q' and through the
opposite gate in the rolls AL AL', and so on until the material has been passed
through all the gates in both pairs of rolls.
In rolling from front to back the clutch G is connected to the pinion E by which
the back pair of rolls QQ will be driven at a greater speed than the front pair
of rolls M M and in rolling from back to front the clutch G will be disconnected
from the pinion E and connected to the wheel F by which the pair of rolls Q Q¹
will be driven at a less speed than the pair of rolls M M².
In a roughing mill and when the material is required to be passed forwards and
backwards through the rolls or through the same gate in the pairs of rolls more
than once (as for instance in a bar mill or plate mill) the top roll mill will by
preference bo balanced in the ordinary manner.
As a modification instead of two pairs of rolls as above described and illustrated
a mill with two or more pairs of front and back rolls can be constructed and driven
substantially in the manner above described and illustrated and the housing screws
can be actuated simultaneously by ordinary gearing instead of by hand as shown
in the Drawings.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said

page_text: Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is:-
Firstly. Improvements in rolling-mills and in the driving apparatus thereof by
the construction of a double reversing mill in which two pairs of rolls aro
employed to act on the material at the same time the front pair of rolls being
driven at a less speed than the back pair of rolls and when reversed the back pair
of rolls being driven at a less speed than the front pair of rolls the alternating
variations in the speed of the front and back pairs of rolls being obtained in a
simple manner through a fixed wheel and pinion on the first motion shaft geared
to a loose clutch pinion and loose clutch wheel on the second motion shaft-with
sliding clutch-by which the loose pinion or loose wheel can be connected to the
second motion shaft at will according as material is being passed through the mill
from front to back or from back to front the front pair of rolls being by preference
driven direct from the first motion shaft and the back pair of rolls being by
preference driven direct from the second motion shaft substantially as herein-
before described.
Secondly-The construction of a double reversing rolling mill as herein before
described with more than one pair of front and back rolls driven substantially as
described and with or without ordinary balance mechanism for the top rolls.
Thirdly: The construction of a double reversing rolling mill and gearing sub-
stantially as illustrated in the accompanying Drawings having first motion shaft A
with fixed wheel C and pinion D second motion shaft B with loose clutch pinion E
loose clutch wheel F sliding clutch G clutch lever H with or without a steam or
hydraulic cylinder K and piston rod L front pair of rolls M M¹ and back pair of
rolls QQ and as herein before described in reference to the said Drawings and
with or without ordinary balance mechanism for the top rolls and with or without
ordinary gearing for raising and lowering the housing screws simultaneously.
In witness whereof I the said William Deighton have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Thirteenth day of April in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
WITT TAKE DEICHMON