Improvements in and relating to Machines for the Manufacture of Food Products.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Aug., 1893-Accepted, 14th Oct., 1893
Improvements in and relating to Machines for the Manufacture of
Food Products.
I PETER JENSEN, of No. 77 Chancery Lane, London, England, Chartered Patent
Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to me from
abroad by The Cereal Machine Company of No. 1633 Curtis Street Denver,
Arapahoe County, Colorado, U.S.A.) and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention has relation to certain new and useful improvements in machines
for the manufacture of food products from cereals, and it consists in the novel con-
struction and combination of parts, all as hereinafter described and pointed out in
the appended claims.
The object of the invention is to provide a practical and efficient machine for the
treatment of cereals whereby they may be economically converted into a wholesome
food product in desirable and convenient form.
In referring to the accompanying drawings illustrating the invention
Fig. 1, is an end view of a machine embodying the invention.
Fig. 2, is a similar view from the opposite end.
Fig. 3, is a front view.
Fig. 4, is a vertical section on the line, Fig. 3.
Fig. 5, is a detail view partly in section showing the feed roll and its bearings.
Figures 6, 7 and 8 are detail views of modified forms of parts of the invention.
Figure 9, is a detail view of the comb or scraper.
In the said drawings the letters A, A', designate a pair of parallel rolls or
cylinders having their shafts B3 journaled in suitable bearings in a frame C, side by
side in close relation to each other, and acting by compression. One or both of
said rolls has its surface provided with a series of fine circumferential grooves a,
separated from each other by plain circumferential spaces b. In the drawing I
have shown only one of the rolls A as having such grooves, the other having a
plain cylindrical surface. The shaft of the roll A is provided with movable
bearings 6', acted upon by screws c, for purposes of adjustment to regulate the
compression of the rolls one against the other.
DD are intermeshing gear wheels on the shafts B B, and driven by a pinion D¹
on a shaft D2, journaled below, and centrally of the shafts B, B, and driven by a
pulley D', or by other suitable gear. D' is a clutch for throwing the pinion D'
into and out of driving engagement with its shaft.
E designates a hopper supported over the rolls A, A', and E¹ is a feed cylinder
journaled in the throat or discharge of said hopper. This feed cylinder is formed
with longitudinal corrugations e, and is made removable from its bearings for
purposes of cleaning when necessary. To permit such removal one end of the
cylinder has a bearing on a screw point E³, while at the other end is a shaft E³
having a squared portion et which removably engages a correspondingly shaped
socket in the end of the cylinder. Said shaft E³ has a bearing ate in a bracket E,
and carries a grooved pulley E' by means of which it, together with the cylinder is
rotated. On said shaft is a collar e between which, and the bearing e³, around the
shaft, is a spring E which normally holds said shaft against endwise movement out
of engagement with the cylinder. The shaft may however be withdrawn when it
is desired to remove the cylinder, which by this arrangement may be readily
accomplished.

page_text: The pulley E' may be driven by a belt from a pulley F on one of the shafts B,
as shown, or by friction or other gear or power connection with such shaft.
F is a slide situated in the throat of the hopper E, and arranged to control
the feed.
G is a table situated below and in front of the roll A', and supported by a
bracket G carried by the post or support H of the machine. This table is
pivotally swung between the arms of said bracket, being reversible, and is
normally held in its horizontal position by means of a thumb-screw or pin h,
engaging the table through the arm of the bracket. Depending from the under-
side of said table when the latter is in the position shown in Figure 1, is a
bracket in which is journaled a roll J, which is usually provided with a
covering of canvass, or other suitable material. On the shaft K of said roll
is a pulley L, which when the table is in its reversed position, as shown in
Figure 2 is in position to be driven by a belt or other connection with a pulley M
on one of the shafts B.
Extending from the arms of the bracket I are slotted or forked arms N, N,
the slots of which are designed to form bearings for a removable spindle or
former roll O.
P designates a comb or scraper supported on the frame in front, and so situated
that its teeth are arranged to engage the fine grooves a of the roll A while the
intervening spaces between the teeth travel upon the plain spaces between said
grooves. The bolts which secure the comb to the frame extend through slots P
in the comb frame, thereby permitting the comb to be adjusted towards or away
from roll A, by means of adjusting screws o.
The operation of the machine as thus far described is as follows
The grain being first boiled, steamed, soaked, or steeped, and the outer hull
or shell being first removed, when desired, it is fed into the hopper E and is
delivered by the rolls A, A', which are geared to rotate towards each other.
By the compression of these rolls the grains or cereals are reduced and forced
into the grooves a of the roll A, from which the resulting product is removed by
the comb P in the form of films, strings, or shreds, of light, tender, and porous
character.
In the position of the table as shown in Figure 1, these films, strings, or shreds,
are deposited thereon, or into a suitable receptacle supported thereon for the purpose.
When, however, it is desired to turn out the finished product in rolls, cups, or
other similar forms, the table is reversed and swung into the position shown in
Figure 2 and the roll J is connected up with its driving pulley or gear. The
shreds, strings, or films, fall upon this roll from the comb, the rotation of the
said roll also causing, by friction, the rotation of the spindle or former roll O,
which catches such shreds, strings, or films and winds them thereon into a
cylindrical mass. In order to facilitate the removal of this mass from the
former roll or spindle, the latter is preferably made somewhat tapering or conical,
the roll J being of similar form.
In some cases it may be desired to divide the mass transversely of its length
into two parts, and this may be accomplished by means of a cutter R carried
by an arm R' pivoted to the front portion of the frame, and adapted to be
turned down into cutting contact with the mass as it forms on the roll or
spindle O. The same effect may be accomplished by forming the roll J with a
central, circumferential cutter projection J', as shown in Figure 6, or by omitting
a few of the grooves a at the central portion of the roll A, as in Figure 7, so
that the product is naturally delivered in two parts.
When both rolls A and A' are provided with the grooves each roll is designed
to have a comb and delivery and forming devices, the arrangement being a
duplication of that shown.
In some instances in addition to the circumferential grooves a, I may provide
the rolls with grooves at right angles to the grooves a, or obliquely thereto, as
shown in Figure 8. This aids the feed and adds to the capacity of the rolls.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
1. A machine for the preparation of cereals for food, comprising a pair of parallel
compression rolls, or cylinders, one or both of which have their surfaces formed
with grooves, and a comb or scraper in contact with one or both of said rolls
or cylinders, and means for rotating said rolls or cylinders, substantially as
specified.
2. A machine for the preparation of cereals for food, comprising a pair of parallel
compression rolls, having grooves therein, a comb-like scraper arranged to engage
said grooves, a hopper and feeding devices, the reversible table, the receiving roll
carried thereby, the former roll or spindle, and the driving and operating gear,
substantially as specified.
3. A machine for the preparation of cereals for food, comprising a pair of parallel
compression rolls, one of which is provided with fine grooves upon its circumferential
surface, a comb-like scraper having its teeth arranged to travel in said grooves, the-
hopper, the removable feed cylinder, the table, the covered roll, the removable
former roll arranged to have frictional contact with said covered roll, and means
for driving the product taken up by said former roll into two parts, substantially as
specified.
Dated this lot f Ant 1000
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.