Improvements in Presses used for Cutting Out, Drawing, Bending, Forming, and analogous purposes in Metal.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Feb., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Nov.. 1899-Accepted, 27th Jan., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Presses used for Cutting Out, Drawing, Bending,
Forming, and analogous purposes in Metal.
DANIEL SMITH, Castle Iron Works, Raglan Street, Wolverhampton, Stafford-
shire, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
-
The object of this is of a three fold nature. Firstly, in the design and con-
struction of a clutch or stop motion, that has no tendency to fall into gear as the
press shaft is rotated by an independent mechanism, hereinafter to be described,
also to obtain a maximum of driving power or strength in its parts, with a
minimum of motion only being required to engage such parts and other improve-
ments in detail, hereinafter to be described. Secondly, it consists in the com-
bination of the aforesaid clutch with part of my patented improvements as granted
to me by Letters Patent No. 12888 of the year 1893. Consisting of a loose bush
part in the centre of a rotation wheel, the object of such bush part being to
prevent the aforesaid wheel from gauling or fastening on to the shaft, in conse-
quence of defective lubrication. Thirdly, to construct and apply a separate gear
to be used for the purpose of rotating the crank shaft, such rotation to be prefer-
ably effected by hand motion from the front or side of the press and quite
independent and detachable from the main driving gear that works the press
slide or ram.
The purpose of the independent hand gear in the front or side of
the press is to rotate the crank and work the slide up and down for tool setting
purposes, with a minimum of risk and without liability to damage the tools while
so doing. There is risk in using this hand gear because its ratio of power is
about 6 to 1, so that in case the main clutch used to drive the press, was to
unexpectedly fall into gear, or action its effect would be to cause the hand lever
to fly round at great speed and thereby be liable to strike the operator engaged
in tool setting. Furthermore the same great liability to accident would be pro-
duced in case the main driving wheel unexpectedly fastened on to the crank
shaft, for which the loose bush previously referred to is provided. In order to
remove this element of danger from the hand gear used to work the slide for tool
setting, I introduce a small clutch near the hand lever end, that will, by suitable
gear drive the crank shaft, but as soon as the latter has become driven by its
main clutch, either by the latter accidentally slipping into gear, or by its wheel
fastening unexpectedly on to the crank shaft, the small clutch will, by reason
of the incline formed on its teeth, force itself out of action and fail to rotate the
handle held by the operator toolsetting or adjusting the slide. The press if
geared, usually rotates at about 30 to 60 strokes per minute, so that if 30 strokes
per minute, and the ratio of the gear that is used to rotate the shaft for tool-
setting purposes, is, say six to one, it will be seen that any accidental engaging
of the clutch would cause the hand lever to whirl round at the high speed of 180
revolutions per minute, a speed too dangerous for a man to stand near, and it
must be understood to be an essential feature of this invention to be safe for tool
setting with the main driving gear in motion, as tools often momentarily become
deranged and require re-setting, and it is desirable to effect these re-adjustments

page_text: without loss of time, by putting the press main driving gear to rest. The small
clutch I may interpose anywhere between the main driving clutch and the hand
lever, and I may prefer to use a friction clutch, consisting of rollers on suitable
inclines held against the internal surface of an annular ring by suitable springs,
so that as the main clutch drives, the rollers will recede down the inclines, and
not drive the hand gear, and when driven by the hand motion, to roll up the
inclines and engage with the outer ring and thereby import motion to the crank
shaft for tool setting purposes.
I will now describe the clutch. This consists of two discs preferably steel one
with any number of projections, but preferably 6 or 8 on the face that is nearest
ot its adjacent disc, the larger the clutch the greater the number of projections,
in the adjacent part of the clutch there are corresponding recesses, but these are
wider than the projections so as to allow time for the projections on one face to
engage with the spaces formed in the adjacent face. These projections and their
corresponding spaces are formed an equal distance apart, so that any one pro-
jection will engage with any space. It will be seen that if there are 6 projections
and 6 spaces that only one sixth of a revolution will be lost at any time in
waiting for the clutch to engage, so that the larger the press, the slower its speed,
and therefore the larger the diameter the discs of the clutch can be will give
room for greater strength and number of projections, and present larger sectional
areas to resist shearing and larger surface area to resist the wear of impact, and
the greater the surfaces the less will be the depth necessary for the clutches to
engage, and therefore, the less will it have to travel to throw it into, or out of
action. I may_prefer_the_form the projections and spaces of irregular form; so
as to increase the sectional area of the projections, to enlarge their wearing-sur---
faces and likewise those of the interior of the spaces.
This clutch will engage or disengage at any part of the revolution of the
crank. It is sometimes necessary to arrange the clutch that it automatically
disengages at the top of the crank, this I effect by forming a space-on-the-back-
of the disc that slides to and fro on, and drives the crank shaft, this clutch
part is usually withdrawn by a hand lever or treadle against a spring, a projec-
tion on the press frame is placed in a suitable position so as to allow the clutch
to only disengage as the crank-arrives at the top of its stroke, merely pushing
the treadle or pulling a lever, will cause the clutch to engage and it cannot dis-
engage until the recess in the back of the clutch agrees with or faces the projection
that has previously prevented its withdrawal. It will now be seen that if the pro-
jection is made to be readily removed from the sliding path of the clutch, that the
same clutch can be readily disengaged at any point of its stroke.
Dated For 21+ 1900
Improvements in Presses used for Cutting Out, Drawing, Bending,
Forming, and analogous purposes in Metal.
I, DANIEL SMITH, of Castle Iron Works, Raglan Street, Wolverhampton,
Staffordshire, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement: —
The object of this invention is of a three-fold nature:-Firstly in the design or
construction of a clutch or stop motion that has no tendency to fall into gear
as the press shaft is rotated by an independent mechanism; also to obtain a
maximum of driving power or strength in its parts, with a minimuni of motion
only being required to engage such parts. Secondly in the combination of the

page_text: aforesaid clutch with part of improvements described in the Specification of
Letters Patent granted to me and numbered 12,888 of 1893 consisting of a loose
bush in the centre of a rotation wheel, the object of such bush part being to
prevent the aforesaid wheel from gauling or fastening on to the shaft in conse-
quence of defective lubrication. Thirdly to construct and apply a separate gear
to be used for the purpose of rotating the crank shaft, such rotation to be
preferably effected by hand motion from the front or side of the press and quite
independent and detachable from the main driving gear that works the press
slide or ram.
The object of this independent hand gear is to rotate the crank
and work the press slide up or down for tool setting purposes, with a minimum of
risk and without liability to damage the tools while so doing.
A A is
My invention will be readily understood on reference to the accompanying
drawings of which Figure 1 is a front view of a press with my improvements.
applied thereto and Figure 2 a side elevation with the spur wheel removed.
Sufficient only of the press is shewn to make the invention clear. Like parts
are similarly lettered. The remaining views will be described later on.
the press body, B the crank shaft on one end of which the spur wheel Crotates
loosely being driven by its pinion D. E is a bush in the wheel C which rotates
loosely on the shaft and also within the wheel. This bush is for the purpose of
minimising the risk of the wheel gauling or fastening on the crank shaft and is
fully described in the Specification of my Patent number 12,888 of 1893 before
referred to. F is a disc preferably of steel which is, free to move laterally on
the crank shaft B and is fastened to such shaft by means of the keys or
feathers a a.
This disc has a number of projections b b etc. on its face. These
projections are for the purpose of engaging with corresponding recesses in the
face of the disc G which is keyed to the spur wheel C. The recesses are slightly
wider than the projections so as to allow time to engage with each other when
the disc F is moved for the purpose of rotating the crank shaft. The projections
and their corresponding spaces are formed an equal distance apart so that any
one projection will engage with any one space. is a collar on, the shaft B to
keep the wheel C from moving inwards and the cap prevents same from
moving outwards.
eel are oilers to the bush E and shaft B respectively. His a
forked lever the open ends of which fit around pins f f projecting from a split
ring in the groove in the disc F. This lever is hinged at g to the lever I the free
end of which is connected to the rod J. K is a treadle at the other end of the
rod and L is a cranked hand lever with open ends, which embrace the rod J.
hh are collars in position immediately above and below the open ends of the
lever. K is a spring between a projection on the press body and a collar j
on the rod and is a screw for adjusting the spring. It will readily be seen that.
the operator can put the disc F into gear with the disc G either by placing his
foot on the treadle or by pulling the lever L forwards (or these operations may
be performed together if desired) and the shaft B will rotate so long as this is..
done, and the spring K' will cause the disc F to slide back again when the
pressure is removed.
It is sometimes necessary to arrange the clutch so that it
automatically disengages itself when the crank is at the top. This I effect by
forming a recess in the back of the disc and making a projection in suitable
position on the frame of the press. Merely pushing the treadle K or pulling the.
lever will cause the clutch to engage and it cannot disengage until the
recess in the disc F faces the said projection. It will readily be seen that if the
projection is made to be removable from the sliding path of the clutch that
the same can be disengaged at any part of the stroke of the crank.
i
I will now describe the mechanism I use according to this invention for
rotating the crank shaft when it is desired to set the tools in the press. M is a
lever with a handle attached thereto and connected to a spindle m which com-
municates motion to a pair of bevil wheels N N¹. A vertical spindle n is carried
from the wheel N¹ and has a further bevil wheel 0 at its other end in turn
geared with the wheel P. This, wheel which is connected to the press body has

page_text: a sleeve o formed thereon which carries the sliding clutch and pinion Q. The
latter gears with the spur wheel R keyed to the end of the crank shaft. p is a
feather key on the sleeve o and the clutch Q slides thereon when pushed in and
out of gear with the spur wheel R. q is a collar to regulate the travel of the
clutch. The clutch is thrown in and out of gear by means of the forked lever S
hinged to a projection on the press body. T is a lever having notches r r cut
therein one or the other of which engages with a pin s on the lever T to keep
the pinion Q and spurs wheel R in or out of gear as may be required.
The object of the hand gearing above described is to work the press slide up
and down for tool setting purposes with a minimum of risk to the operator and
without liability to damage the tools while so doing. There is risk in using
hand gearing on account of the ratio of power which, as shewn on the drawing,
is about 6 to 1. If the main clutch used to drive the press was to unexpectedly
fall into gear or action its effect would be to cause the hand lever to revolve at a
high rate of speed and thereby be liable to strike the operator engaged in setting
the tools. Furthermore there is the same liability to accident in case the spur
wheel C and loose bush E unexpectedly fastened on to the crank shaft. In
order to remove this element of danger from the hand gear and at the same time
-have-the-main-driving-gear-in-motion,-as-tools-often-momentarily become de
ranged and require re-setting and it is desirable to effect these re-adjustments
without loss of time I prefer to use a safety clutch constructed in such a
manner that when the crank shaft drives, the hand gearing will be thrown out of
motion Figures 3 and 4 shew such an arrangement which may be applied to
any of the wheels in the train of hand gearing. Figure 3 is a plan of one of
the wheels and Figure 4 is a vertical section. The wheel is bored to receive a
bush ring U. This bush has grooves
or
ne น etc. cut therein to
receive rollers v V etc. which have springs w W etc. bearing there
against, as shewn. Assuming that this arrangement is used in the
wheel N¹, when motion is conveyed by means of the hand lever the rollers will
roll up the inclines of the grooves etc. and rip the inner surface of the wheel
and cause the same to revolve, but should the main clutch drive the rollers would
-roll-down-the-inclines-and-not-impart-motion-to-the-wheel_N_and. handle_M_as
will be readily understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
-
1. In presses used for cutting out, drawing, bending, forming and analogous
purposes in metal the main clutch used for imparting motion to the crank shaft
constructed and operated substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
2. In presses used for cutting out, drawing, bending, forming and analogous
purposes in metal the main clutch in combination with the loose bush in the
centre of the spur wheel (as described in the Specification of my Patent 12,888 of
1893) substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
3. In presses used for cutting out, drawing, bending, forming, and analogous
purposes in metal the hand motion for rotating the crank shaft for the purpose
of tool setting, constructed so as not to rotate the hand lever should the crank
shaft drive, substantially as described.
4. In presses used for cutting out, drawing, bending, forming and analogous
purposes in metal, the means employed for rotating the crank shaft by hand, in
combination with the clutch on the crank shaft both working independently of
each other substantially as described.
Dated this 21st day of November 1899.
DANIEL SMITH,
Applicant.