IMPROVEMENTS IN RULING MACHINES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
RULING MACHINES, a communication to me from abroad by Martin L. Metzger and
Albert Cooper of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Manufac-
turers, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained, in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in ruling machines,
and it has for its objects,
1st To provide means whereby paper may be so regulated in passing through the
machine that the successive sheets shall lap or immediately succeed each other, so
that each succeeding sheet shall pass under the pens, just as the lines of the
preceding sheet are finished, whether they extend over the whole or a portion only
of that sheet; and this in order to present unruled paper to the pens without
having a gap appear between the successive sheets and consequently cause the
pens to run over and saturate the apron, or make it necessary to elevate them to
ride over such gaps; either of which entails loss of working time of the machine.
2nd To provide means whereby the machine shall be capable of ruling a given
number of lines of a predetermined length simultaneously with the ruling of two
or more other lines varying in length from those whose measurement is pre-
determined and also varying with respect to each other.
3rd To combine a variable power transmitter with a cam head on the pen cylinder
shaft for actuating the pen beam carrying the nest of pens.
4th To combine such power transmitter with cams for actuating the stop gate at
predetermined intervals, whereby the succession of the sheets of the paper to the
pens is predetermined.
5th To combine such power transmitter with the shaft carrying the cam heads
for actuating the auxiliary pen lifters for effecting a variation in the length of the
lines.
In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and on which
like letters of reference indicate the same or corresponding features.
Fig 1, represents a plan view of the ruling machine,

page_text: Fig 2 a side elevation of the same with a portion of one of the side beams broken
away.
Fig 3, a vertical sectional view of the same, taken on the line x, x, of Fig 1,
looking in the direction of the arrow.
Fig 4 a view, showing a portion of the machine partly in elevation and partly
in vertical section, taken on the line y, y of Fig 1, looking in the direction of the
arrow.
Fig 5, a vertical diametrical sectional view of the power transmitter, the yoke
which supports the same, the cams for actuating the stop gate and the several
intermediate devices.
Fig 6, a detached enlarged side elevation of a portion of one of the upper power
transmitting discs, of the lower disc, the cams and the tripping device and shaft
which actuate the stop gate and the pinion which transmits power to the cam-
beads-shaft.
Fig 7, a detached enlarged perspective view of the cam-heads for actuating the
auxiliary pen lifters, the pen lifters themselves and the stop gate.
Fig 8, an enlarged detached perspective view of one of the pen lifter arms and a
pen lifter.
Fig 9, a detached enlarged edge view of the upper portion of the power trans-
mitter, showing the scale for ascertaining the proper adjustment of such mechanism
to actuate the stop gate to rule a line of predetermined length.
Fig 10, a diametrical sectional view of a portion of the upper and lower power
transmitting dises.
Fig 11 a vertical sectional view of the clamp for actuating the pen lifters with
the rods which support the same.
Fig 12 a front view of such clamp, showing a lifter in cross-section.
Fig 13 a vertical sectional view of the upper portion of the metallic frame, and
Fig 14, a transverse sectional view of the supplemental pen clamp.
The letter A, designates the frame, upon which the improved machine is mounted,
the same being constructed of wood, and of the ordinary type. At the head of the
machine, are mounted in suitable bearings, the feeding and apron rollers B, and C,
the former being provided with a series of peripherial grooves in which the usual
guide cords are designed to run. These rollers are provided at one end with gear
wheels D, and E, which intergear with each other, and the upper of which receives
motion from a drive pulley mounted on its shaft, substituted for the crank, shown.
By this means, it will be observed, rotary motion is imparted to the feeding and
apron rollers in opposite directions, whereby the paper is drawn into the machine.
A shaft G, is mounted in the upper portion of the metallic frame, to be herein-
after mentioned, and is provided with a gear wheel F which meshes with a gear
wheel D, whereby motion is imparted to the power transmitter, as will presently
appear.
The letter H, indicates the apron upon which the paper rides through the
machine, and which, in the present instance, passes around the pen cylinder I,
mounted rigidly upon the transverse shaft J, which has its bearings at either side.
of the frame. The motion of the apron, is in the direction of the arrow (see Fig 3)
and by reason of frictional contact with the pen cylinder I, causes the same to
rotate with it. This apron, in practice usually extends to and around a supporting
roller, mounted in bearings at the tail of the machine, but which is unnecessary to
be shown, as it forins no part of this invention.
In order to adjust the apron H, to the proper tension, I provide the depending
brackets K, secured at a couvenient point to the side of the frame and provided
with a slot in which fits a journal block L. This block receives the journal of the
teusion roller M, and is adjusted up and down as circumstances may require, by
means of the set screw N.
In order to prevent the apron from saging and to support the same at or near
the stop gate, I further provide a roller O, mounted in short armis extending from
sliding blocks P, which fit within ways Q, secured to the inner face of the side-

page_text: pieces of the frame and provided with set screws K, whereby the altitude of said
supporting roller is adjusted.
The letter S, indicates a metallic frame bolted to one of the side-pieces of the
frame, in the upper portion of which as before observed, is journalled a driving
shaft G. This shaft is provided at the inner end with a gear wheel T, which
meshes with an idler pinion U, mounted on a stud extending from the arm S¹,
pivoted at one end on an extension S1 of the said upper portion of the frame and
supported at the other, as will presently appear. This pinion meshes with a gear
wheel V, rigidly keyed to a sleeve W, to which is also rigidly keyed the disc A',
the discs and gear being however, connected together by screws, and on which is
mounted an associated disc A", the key B¹, extending into a key seat in this disc,
whereby the same is capable of movement thereon in the direction of the axis of
the sleeve, but is made to move positively with the sleeve in a rotary direction.
The sleeve W, is mounted for the greater portion of its length with the tubular
extension C of the arm S¹.
A bracket D', is secured firmly at one end to the upper portion of the arm S¹,
and is provided with an aperture near the lower end, which receives the hub of
the disc A", whereby said disc and that end of the sleeve W, are given support.
To the hub is secured preferably, by means of screws, an internally threaded
block E'.
In order to adjust the discs A¹, and A", to and from each other by sliding the
movable disc A, to and fro on the sleeve W, I provide a binding rod F¹, which
passes through said sleeve and block E', the block being screw threaded to
correspond with the threads on the rod.
At one end this rod is provided with a hand wheel G¹, whereby it is actuated
and at the other with a hand-jam-nut H¹, whereby the same is locked in relation
to the block E¹.
In order however, to allow of the discs A¹ and A¹¹, accommodating themselves
to any slight un-evenness between their inner faces, and the exterior surfaces of
the disc, to be presently described, I interpose between the sleeve W, and hand
wheel G', a washer and spiral spring I.
Extending from the frame S, is a stout shaft J', upon which are mounted the
disc K', and the cams L¹ and M¹, the two cams being rigidly connected together
and also to the said disc, so that they will rotate synchronously.
The periphery of this disc is provided with gear teeth and the opposite faces of
the same near the periphery, are beveled off in lines which converge as they extend
These beveled surfaces are
outwardly, as more clearly represented in Fig 10.
designed to be quite narrow, measuring them in a radial direction and the inner or
opposite faces of the discs A' and A¹, are also beveled in diverging lines from
their centre outward, the bevel of the respective upper discs agreeing in direction
with the narrow bevel surfaces of the lower disc with which they respectively
come in contact.
By this means I have ascertained, that the upper discs can be so firmly impinged
against the lower disc, as to cause the latter to rotate positively when the former
are rotated, and that with entire smoothness and regularity.
It will appear from what has been said, that the upper discs receive rotary
motion through the gears V, and T', and the pinion U, but in order to vary the
speed which these discs transmit to the disc K¹, and those devices which receive
motion from it, it is necessary to adjust the upper discs in a radial direction, so as
to bring the point of contact between them and the lower disc at different distances
from their centre. This is done by providing the frame S, with an upwardly
extending portion S", having a slot N¹, formed therein, in the arc of a circle,
using the axis of the driving shaft G, as the centre therefor. The collar O¹, is
fitted around the tubular extension C, of the arm S', and is formed to snugly fit
the slot N¹. To this collar is pivotally connected a screw threaded rod P¹, to the
upper end of which is fitted an internally screw threaded hand wheel Q¹, journaled
in the upper end of the extension S", of the frame S. By this means it will be

page_text: observed that the upper discs may be adjusted to and from the centre of the lower
disc and the speed imparted to the lower disc accordingly varied without a variance
in the speed of the upper.
To maintain these discs in any given position, a washer R¹ and a jam nut T¹, are
fitted over the extension C¹, the latter engaging threads theroon, whereby the arm S¹,
is drawn firmly against the extension S₁₁, and the centre of rotation of the upper
discs fixed.
Now in order to predetermine the speed at which the lower disc shall be driven
and the relative speed of the other devices which are primarily actuated through
said lower disc, I provide a pointer U₁, connecting it with the arm S', and
a graduated scale V¹, mounted stationarily upon a fixed object in the present
instance, upon the extension S", of the frame S. The lines on this scale, in the
present instance are consecutively numbered 12 to 20 inclusive, and are numbered
from 20 to 36 inclusive of the latter, increasing 2 at each graduation, and the
position of the pointer with respect to this scale will determine the speed of
rotation of the disc K', and the consequent frequency of the lifting of the stop gate,
as will presently appear.
As already observed, the periphery of the lower friction disc K¹, is provided with
gear teeth. A transverse shaft U", is journalled to the side pieces of the frame in
suitable bearings and is provided with gear wheels V" and W¹, the former of which
meshes with the said disc K', and receives rotary motion therefrom, while the latter
of these gears W₁, meshes with an idler X', mounted so as to rotate on a short
shaft Y¹, having its bearings in a vertically slotted bracket Z', secured to the lower
edge of one of the side-pieces of the frame.
This idler in turn meshes with a gear wheel a, loosely mounted upon the pen
cylinder shaft J, whereby a cam head b, is given rotary motion, through the
instrumentality of the power transmitter or discs K¹, A¹, and A¹¹.
To the gear wheel a, is rigidly connected a cam head b, the same being also
loosely mounted on the shaft J, and being provided with a convenient number of
annular recesses and binding screws c, to receive and secure the cam blocks d, which
serve to actuate the pen beam to be presently described.
This beam consists preferably of a strip of wood e, provided at one end with a
metallic spindle f, which extends through a block g forming a part of a vertically
adjustable slide h, mounted on ways i, formed on the standard j. The foot k³,
of this standard fits in ways formed in the stationary plate l, and is held in
a fixed position by a set screw m. By this means it will be observed, the position
of the pen beam e may be adjusted up and down in a forward or backward direction
at the end of said beam just described.
The standard j, and plate l, as also the set screw m, are duplicated on the opposite
side of the machine, as more clearly represented in Fig 1, and the upper end of the
standard is provided with depending ways n, within which fits the vertically-
adjustable block o, a set screw o', having a head and jam-nut o", serving to adjust
it up and down; this block is internally screw threaded and receives the
- correspondingly threaded spindle p, having head and jam-nut q.
The adjacent end of the pen beam is provided with the plate r, having lugs 8.
A bar u,
pivoted within the lugs 8, as seen in Fig 1, and the spindle p, passes
through an aperture formed therein. A collar v, is applied to the end of the said
spindle, to prevent its drawing out of said block in one direction and a shoulder w,
formed on the spindle prevents it from slipping too far through the block. By
this means, the pen beam is adjusted in a lateral direction, to suit individual
circumstances. The spindle f, sliding back and forth in the block g.
Near one end of the pen beam e, is connected a beam 2, by a binding screw .
This beam is provided with an adjustable weight 61, having a set screw c¹, whereby
the supplemental arm to be presently described for actuating the pen beam is
counterbalanced, and whereby the degree of pressure of the pens upon the paper is
regulated.
'
3

page_text: An actuating arm d', is pivotally connected to the pen beam e, near one end
thereof and this arm is provided with set screws e¹, whereby the angle of the arm
with respect to the pen beam may be adjusted so as to give the proper inclination
'to the pens.
The foot of the arm d', is provided with a steel contact plate f¹, beveled off on
the under side and made adjustable by a screw connection g₁. This plate is engaged
by the cam blocks d, as they pass under the same, the lifting of the plate, serving
to partially rotate the pen beam e, and lift the pens from the paper collectively,
that is to say, lift all the pens simultaneously. As the cam blocks pass from under
the plate f¹, the pens descend to the paper in a body and recommence ruling.
To the arm d, is connected an interiorly screw threaded block h', through which
passes a threaded adjusting rod i¹, the same having a head and jam nut ¹ whereby
it is set in a fixed position. The lower end of this rod rests upon a plate 1,
extending from an adjustable bracket m', secured to one of the side-pieces A. This
screw serves to determine the pressure of the pens upon the paper, that is, it fixes
a point beyond which the pen beam cannot oscillate, so that the pens are prevented
from being pressed hard against the paper, while the weight b¹ prevents them from
leaving the paper.
A lug p¹, is pivotally connected to the bracket m', and serves to hold the pens
above the paper by lifting the arm d¹, by hand, and slipping it under the lower
end of the screw it, while the operator is making any given adjustment.
The letter q', indicates the pen clamp, the same being provided with a tongue,
which enters a groove in one edge of the pen beam e, and is secured in place by one
or more set screws r¹.
A supplemental pen clamp is provided, consisting of the rebated strip 81,
(secured to the beam e) having a metallic strip t¹, secured to it and of the bar u¹.
These bars 8', and u¹, are kept in relative position by the pins w³, extending
from the latter into the former.
These bars are bound together by metallic clamps, consisting of plates v¹, fitting
at one end within the rebate of the bar s¹, and connected at the upper ends by a
rod x, a set screw y', and washer z¹, being employed to bind the bars s' and u²,
together and to hold the extended shank of the long pen.
This device is used, when it is desired to rule lines of 2 or more colors, a pen
with a long shank in such instance being hold by said clamp and extended slightly
beyond and between the two pens held by the clamp q', as seen in Fig 1.
As an auxiliary means of actuating the pen beam, I have provided, a supple-
mental arm 1, (similar to the arm d¹), as seen in Figs 1 and 2, the said arm having
at one end a plate adapted to be engaged by a cam to be presently described and at
the other end, being pivotally connected with a sliding plate 2, set-screws 3, and 4,
being employed to adjust this arm, for the same purpose as that ascribed to
adjusting the arm d¹. A slide 5, is provided with an extension 6, having ways 7,
with which the slide 2, engages. The slide 5, fits within ways 8, formed on a
plate 9, secured to the pen beam e, as more clearly seen in Fig 1.
Referring back to the cam L¹, it should be observed that the same is provided
with one off-set in its periphery, as seen in Fig 6, while the cam M², is provided
with two off-sets at two diametrical opposite points, as also seen in that figure.
A rock-shaft 10 is journaled at one side of the machine, in the plate l, as seen in
Fig 1, and at the other side in a bar 11 connected with the other plate 7, as seen in
Figs 1, and 4.
To this shaft is fastened at one end, a short arm 12, as also seen in Figa 1 and 4,
and is connected with one of the side pieces of the frame by a spring 13 and rod 14,
and binding post 15, through which the rod passes. The downward movement of
the arm 12, is limited by an india-rubber stop 12, held in a socket 13.
By this means the tendency of the shaft 10, is to rock in the direction of the
arrow seen in Figs 4 and 6, which tends to normally lift the stop gate, as will
presently appear, from the apron. A trip 16, is attached to the shaft 10, and

page_text: consists essentially of a collar having a block 17, pivotally connected thereto, and
carrying a finger 18, as further described in letters patent of the US issued to
Hickok, Cooper and Brown, January 27th, 1880.
This finger presses against one or the other of the cams l', or m³, according to
adjustment and resists the tendency of the spring 13 to rotate the rock shaft 10.
Several short arms 19, are secured to the shaft 10, and are connected with the
stop gate 20, consisting of a bar having downwardly extending lugs, which
normally engage the upper surface of the apron H, those devices being more clearly
represented in Fig 7.
Thus, it will be observed that when an off-set of the cams 1, or m², passes
upwardly by the finger 18, the same will immediately drop into the depressed
portion of the periphery of such cam, and thereby allow the spring 13 to sufficiently
turn the rock-shaft 10, to lift the gate 20, from the apron, and allow a sheet of
'paper to pass under the same along with the apron. Then the cam passes on and the
finger rides out upon the regular surface of the same, the shaft is turned back to
normal position, and the gate again brought upon the apron, the end of the sheet
having, in the mean time, passed under the gate.
I shall now refer to the mechanism which immediately operates the pen lifters.
A pinion 21, is loosely mounted on the shaft J, and rigidly connected with the
cam M, whereby it receives rotary motion from the friction disc K. This pinion
meshes with a similar pinion 22, rigidly mounted on the shaft 23, having a bearing
at one end in a bracket 24, one end of which bracket is supported by a rigid con-
'nection with one end of the shaft J', the other end of the shaft 23, finds its
support in the bracket 25, and on this shaft are mounted a convenient number of
cam-heads 26, having annular grooves which receive cam blocks 27 secured therein
'by set screws 28.
A rod 29 is also mounted in the brackets 24 and 25, as more clearly seen in
Figs 1 and 2.
To this rod are rigidly connected collars 30, having lugs 31, as clearly seen in
Fig 8, loosely mounted on the rod 29, are sleeves 32, on the upper surface of which
are formed short plates 33, and to a lip 34, extending from said plate is pivotally
connected a pen lifter actuating arm 35. This arm is provided at one end with a
contact plate 36, with which the cam-blocks 27, on the cam heads 26, engage,
whereby the said arms 35 are depressed. This arm is also provided with adjusting
screws 38, whereby its relative position with the plate 33, is adjusted so as to
regulate the lifting and the position of the pen lifters, as will presently appear.
Extending from sleeves 32, are short legs 39, terminating in boxes 40, having
openings extending through the same from side to side and from front to back. In
the latter opening is fitted the pen lifter 41, and in the former are fitted the rod 42,
and the block 43, the latter resting upon the upper surface of the pen lifter, and a
set screw 44 being employed to bind these several parts together.
The lug 31, and the arm 35 have short studs 45, extending from them, over
which is fitted an elastic band or other spring 46, whereby the arm 35, plate 33,
and lug 31, are yieldingly held together. Blocks 47, similar to blocks 40, though
separate from the legs 39, are fitted to the rods 42, and provided with other pen
lifters 48.
It will be observed that an almost indefinite number of these latter blocks and
their pen lifters may be fitted upon the rod 42, whereby as many pens may be
lifted by one cam head as may be necessary for a particular design. The pen lifters
consist preferably of metallic strips, extended from the boxes out to and underneath
the pens, and may be wide enough at the point to lift one or more pens.
It should be observed that as the collars 32, are mounted loosely on the rod 29,
the independent sets of pen lifter arms 35, may be actuated at different times or
synchronously, by placing the cam blocks 27, of the cam heads 26, in line with
cach other, or in advance one of the other, so as to engage the plates 36, at different
times or in succession.

page_text: Dy this means an
ruled by simply adding additional cam-heads 26, and pen lifter-arms and their
immediate devices.
The operation of this machine will be readily understood when taken in
connection with the fore-going and is as follows:
Let it be supposed that the paper to be ruled, is to have 3 lines each 9 inches
long, 2 lines each 8, inches long, and 3 lines each 7/8 inches long.
The 9 inch lines being the longest, their length will be determined by the
frequency of the raising of the pen beam entire. In order then to produce lines
9 inches long, the pointer U, will be set opposite the graduation 18, on the scale D',
by actuating the hand wheel Q¹. Then the trip 16, mounted on the shaft 10, is
adjusted so that the finger thereof will engage the cam M¹, having the two off-sets.
The first of these adjustments will give the disc K', the proper speed to cause the
apron to travel 9 inches, and consequently to move the paper inches under the
pens, while half the cam M¹, in rotating passes the finger 18, the stop gate during
this time being down so as to prevent the passage of any incoming sheet until the
proper time, when the depressed portion of the said cams periphery reaches the
finger, it drops into the same and thereby allows the spring 13, to lift the stop gate
and allow the succeeding sheet of paper to pass on to the pens.
Should the first sheet have been longer than 9 inches, then the succeeding sheet
would have lapped over that part of the first sheet yet not beyond the gate, when
the gate was raised; thus the second sheet is allowed to accompany the first and is
lapped over that portion of the first in excess of the 9 inch line, which portion
usually forms the "head" of the sheet; thus also it appears, that the pens will ride
upon the second or succeeding sheet, just as the lines on the previous sheet are
completed, the sheet being fed in "foot" first.
From what has been said, it will appear that the gate will be actuated or lifted
twice at each revolution of the cam M. This is done, in order to allow the sheets to
succeed each other with sufficient frequency when the longest line to be ruled is less
than 12 inches; therefore for this 1 provide the cam with two off-sets.
When the longest line to be ruled in a given pattern, is 12 inches long or any
number more than 12, within the range of the machine, (36, according to the scale
in the present case) the trip on the shaft 10, will be placed so as to engage the
cam L¹, which has but one off-set, which will be found to allow the spring 13, to
actuate the gate with sufficient frequency for lines of that length. The double cam
may be used, however in such latter instance, but the pointer in ruling a line
12 inches, if the double cam is used, would be set opposite the graduation 24 on
the scale.
The following is the rule, governing the use of this portion of the machine; in
ruling lines from 6 to 12 inches exclusive of 12 inches, the double cam is used, and
the pointer set on the scale at double the number of inches to be ruled. In ruling
lines between 12 inches and upwards, inclusive of 12, the double cam may be used,
but the single cam is generally used.
Now to resume the example under consideration; a pen lifter is adjusted under
each of the pens which is to rule the line 8/2, long, and the cam blocks in either of
the cam heads 26, which is to actuate the said lifters, are adjusted by hand until
they lift the lifters at the proper time to make a line of that length. Under each
of the pens which are to rule the lines 77, of an inch long, a pen lifter is adjusted,
and the cam head which is to actuate them set in the manner above described.
It is to be observed that when the ruling is to be done on the lap system plan,
either of the alternative means herein before described, namely the cam head on the
pen cylinder shaft or the cam head on the shaft 23 is adjusted so as to lift the pen
beam and all the pens entire with it at the proper time to terminate the longest
lines being ruled.
When ruling, as in the example above given, and the paper passes far enough
under the pens to complete the shorter lines, they (the pens) are lifted by their

page_text: lifters, and held up until the paper passes far enough to complete the longer lines,
when they again descend to work; the pen beam entire not being elevated at all,
the pens which rule the longer lines, running from one sheet on to the foot of the
succeeding sheet.
When however, the paper is fed "foot" first, and is not being lapped, then the
same operation takes place, as to the pens which are ruling the short lines and in
addition to this, the pen beam entire is actuated to raise the pens which rule the
longer lines when the paper has passed far enough to complete such lines, and all
the pens thus held from the paper, while that part of the same which constitutes
the "heading" is passing under the pens. They all descend again to the paper
when the new sheet reaches them "foot" first.
Again, when the paper is fed in "head" first, and a heading space is left, the
pens entire remain elevated until the paper reaches the point where the longer lines
are to commence. When this takes place, the pen beam tilts, and the pens come
down to the paper, save those which are to rule the shorter lines, which are resisted
by the pen lifters until the paper passes far enough to present the points of
commencement of the shorter lines under the pens. It will be understood, that to
do this, either the cam head on the pen cylinder shaft, or the cam head on the
shaft 23, is adjusted so as to hold the pen beam up or let it down at the proper
time.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a ruling machine, the combination with the variable power transmitter,
consisting essentially of the engaging frictional discs, of the cam head having a gear
wheel attached thereto and mounted upon the pen cylinder shaft, an idler meshing
with said gear wheel and the shaft carrying two gear wheels meshing respectively
with one of the discs of the power transmitter and with said idler.
2. In a ruling machine, the combination with the power transmitter, consisting
essentially of the engaging discs constructed to be radially adjusted with respect to
each other so that any predetermined velocity of speed may be transmitted, of the
stop gate actuated thereby, whereby the time of the elevation of the said gate may
be predetermined.
3. In a ruling machine, the combination with the frictional variable power
transmitter, one or more cams actuated thereby, of the stop gate, its shaft
constructed with a normal, tendency to elevate the gate and the trip device
mounted thereon to engage with either of said cams to hold the gate to the apron
and release it at a predetermined time.
4. In a ruling machine, the combination with the two discs capable of being
adjusted the one from the other and mounted upon an adjustable shaft, and a third.
disc constructed to extend between and be engaged by the said two discs, of one or
more cams rotated thereby and the stop gate, its shaft, the arm and the spring
normally tending to elevate the gate, and the trip device on the shaft to engage
either of said cams.
5. In a ruling machine, the combination with the frictional power transmitter,
consisting essentially of the engaging frictional discs, of the pen lifters and the
intermediate devices, substantially as described, for actuating the same.
6. In a ruling machine, the combination with the frictional variable power
transmitter, consisting essentially of the engaging frictional discs, of the cam heads
actuated thereby, the arms constructed to be actuated by the cam heads at one end
and to carry one or more pen lifters at the other end and the pen lifters.
7. In a ruling machine, the combination with the two discs, one capable of being
adjusted to and from the other, and mounted upon an adjustable shaft and a third
disc constructed to extend between and be engaged by the said two discs, of the
cam shaft carrying cam heads capable of being set with the blocks in line or in

page_text: advance of each other, gears gearing said shaft with the third disc, the independently
mounted pen lifting arms and the pen lifters carried thereby; the respective sets
of which are capable of being actuated synchronously or successively.
8. In a ruling machine, the combination of a plurality of pen lifter actuating
arms mounted upon a single rod, each independent of the other and carrying each
one or more pen lifters.
9. In a ruling mahine, the combination with the pen lifter actuating arm, having
a box at one end of the rod held thereby and the independent blocks and pen
lifters secured to said rod.
10. In a ruling machine, the combination with the pen lifter actuating arms
independently mounted upon a single rod and carrying each one or more pen
lifters, of the cam heads to actuate the arms synchronously or successively.
11. In a ruling machine, the combination with the frictional power transmitter,
consisting essentially of the engaging frictional discs constructed to be radially
adjusted with respect to each other so that any predetermined velocity of speed may
be transmitted, the cam head actuated thereby for operating the pen beam, one or
more cams rotated by said power mechanism, the stop gate actuated by either of
said cams, the independently mounted pen lifter actuating arms, the cam heads for
actuating said arms and the pen lifters carried thereby.
12. In a ruling machine, the combination with the supporting rod, and the fixed
collar having a lug, of the pen lifter arm, loosely mounted on the rod and
constructed to be supported by the lug.
13. In a ruling machine, the combination with the supporting rod and the collar
fixed thereon, and provided with a lug of the collar loosely mounted on the rod
and the pen lifter arm pivotally connected with the loosely mounted collar and
provided with adjusting screws and constructed at one end to be engaged by an
actuating cam and at the other to connect with one or more pen lifters.
14. In a ruling machine, the combination with the variable power transmitter,
constructed of two discs mounted on the same shaft and having their adjacent
faces divergently disposed to each other and a third disc having a narrow annular
surface on either side thereof and adapted to fit between and be engaged by the
said two disca, of the cam head having a gear wheel attached thereto and mounted
upon the pen cylinder shaft, an idler meshing with said gear wheel, the shaft
carrying two gear wheels meshing respectively with the power transmitter and
with said idler.
15. In a ruling machine, the combination with the variable power transmitter
constructed of two discs mounted on the same shaft and having their adjacent
faces divergently disposed to each other and a third disc having a narrow annular
surface on either side thereof and adapted to fit between and be engaged by the
said two discs of the stop gate adapted to be actuated thereby, whereby the elevation
of the said gate may be predetermined.
16. In a ruling machine, the combination with the variable power transmitter
constructed of two discs mounted on the same shaft and having their adjacent
faces divergently disposed to each other and a third disc having a narrow annular
surface on either side thereof and adapted to fit between and be engaged by the
said two discs of the pen lifters adapted to be actuated thereby.
17. In a ruling machine, the combination with the variable power transmitter,
constructed of two discs mounted on the same shaft and having their adjacent faces
divergently disposed to each other and a third disc baving a narrow annular
surface on either side thereof and adapted to fit between and be engaged by the
said two discs, of the cam heads actuated by the said third disc, the arm constructed
to be actuated by the cam heads and to carry one or more pen lifters.
18. In a ruling machine, the combination with the variable power transmitter,
constructed of two discs mounted on the same shaft, and having their adjacent faces
divergently disposed to cach other and a third disc having a narrow annular
surface on either side thereof and adapted to fit between and be engaged by the

page_text: said two discs, of the cam head actuated by the third disc for operating the pen
beam, one or more cams rotated by said third disc, the stop gate adapted to be
actuated by said cams, the independently, mounted pen lifter actuating arms, the
cam heads for actuating said arms and the pen lifters carried thereby.