IMPROVEMENTS IN DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES OR ELECTRIC GENERATORS AND ELECTRO- MOTORS "
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Orlando William Frederick Hill of Clarendon Lodge
Gunnersbury in the County of Middlesex for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
LETTERS PATENT to Orlando William Frederick Hill of Clarendon Lodge
Gunnersbury in the County of Middlesex for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES OR ELECTRIC GENERATORS AND ELECTRO-
MOTORS
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Orlando William Frederick
Hill at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th July 1882.
ORLANDO WILLIAM FREDERICK HILL of Clarendon Lodge Gunnersbury in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES OR ELECTRIC
GENERATORS AND ELECTRO-MOTORS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in dynamo-electric machines or
electric generators, and electro-motors.
My dynamo electric machine or electric generator consists of a series of electro-
magnets or other magnets so located that all the North poles are ranged around a
circle in one plane and all the South poles are ranged around a like circle in another
and parallel plane.
All the north poles are connected by a ring of soft iron; all the south poles are
likewise similarly connected. The parts above mentioned are stationary; and in
the centre of the arrangement there is an axis which is caused to rotate by any
convenient motor. The axis has a crank upon it, and upon the crank a barrel is
mounted and turns freely. The periphery of the barrel is in contact with the
interior of the soft iron rings and as the axis rotates the barrel rolls round upon
these rings. The barrel carries parallel with its axis a number of soft iron bars,
which as the barrel rolls round come in succession into contact with the rings and
so magnetically connect the ring fixed to the north poles of the electro magnets
with the ring fixed to the south poles.
Now each of these bars is coiled with wire, and at the time when, in the rotation
of the barrel, the bar is drawn out of contact with the rings a current of electricity
passes through the coils; similarly a current passes, but in the opposite direction,
as the bar is brought into contact with the rings.
By means of a commutator these currents may be made to pass all in the same
direction through the part of the circuit external to the machine. The arinatures
or bars upon the drum may be coupled either in parallel circuit or in series.

page_text: It will be observed that this construction admits of absolute contact being
obtained between the magnetic rings and the bars or armatures.
The machines can also be used as electro-motors.
In this case both sets of coils, the magnet coils and the armature coils, may receive
the actuating currents through commutators which induce opposite polarities in
the armatures to cause them to approach the magnet rings and similar polarities to
cause them to be repelled.
Or the magnet coils may alone receive the current, the moving armature then
being without coils.
Or again the exterior ring of magnets may be dispensed with, the coils around
the bars upon the rotating drum receiving the current in succession and by their
attraction upon the rings giving rise to the rotation of the drum and its axis.
The rings in this case are made to serve as the armatures, the magnets being upon
the drum.
For some purposes the rings may be replaced by two storage parallel iron rails,
along which the drum will then roll as the current is supplied to the coils each in
succession by means of a commutator.
According to another arrangement which may be used either as a generator or a
motor, I locate electro magnets with the north and the south poles arranged
around in two concentric circles in the same plane and I connect the poles
north with north and south with south by two soft iron rings as previously
described.
In the centre of the arrangement I provide an axis to which a conical movement
is imparted. This axis carries a disc and upon the disc are bar armatures with
coils upon them. The disc thus has a rolling movement around the rings and
brings the bars or armatures in succession into contact with the rings connecting
the north ring with the south ring as in the machine first described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Orlando William Frederick Hill in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 25th January 1883.
ORLANDO WILLIAM FREDERICK HILL of Clarendon Lodge Gunnersbury in the
County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES OR ELECTRIC
GENERATORS AND ELECTRO MOTORS
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in dynamo electric machines or
electric generators, and electro motors.
It is found by experiment that when an armature wound with a coil of insulated
wire, is brought in contact with the two poles of a magnet, and also when the
armature is again separated from the poles, electric currents pass in the armature
coil, if the circuit be closed, and these currents are much more energetic than the
currents which may be produced by moving such an armature in proximity to the
magnet poles. Now I so arrange that armatures are in succession brought into
actual contact with magnet poles and are separated from them by a rolling
movement.
The annexed Drawing shows a vertical section of an electric generator constructed
in accordance with my invention and in the manner which I prefer. The machine
is also applicable as an electro-motor.
a. a. is an iron frame, upon it are fixed the magnet cores b. b. they are wound with
insulated wire in which the current circulates so that they remain magnetised so
long as the machine is in operation. The cores b support the iron rings c, c, which
are in good magnetic contact with the cores. On each side of the machine one
ring c. is a north pole and the other ring c a south pole. Thus if on the left side
the inner ring c, be south, the outer ring will be north, and on the opposite or right
side of the machine the outer ring will be south and the inner ring north so that
the polarities are reversed.
At the centre of the frame a, there is a socket into which a globe d', at the end
of an axis d is received. Means for the adjustment of the socket are provided as
shown and a cap retains the globe d¹ in it. The axis d, has a conical movement
imparted to it by the axis c, which when the machine is used as a generator is
driven in any convenient manner. If the machine be used as a motor the axis c
becomes the driving axis. The axis e has a crank arm e¹ at its end and into a
socket in this the axis d is received. f is a disc frame fixed upon the axis d. it
carries the armature bars g. g; They are arranged radially and are equally spaced,
their number is odd so that they do not fall diametrically opposite. Each armature
is wound with insulated wire and the ends of the wires are brought out to the
insulated contact pieces h. h. which are equal in number to the armatures and are
placed intermediately between them, the positive end of one armature coil and
the negative end of the next armature coil, being connected to the contact piece
lying between them.
Thus the whole of the armature coils form of themselves one complete and closed
circuit. i, i, are insulated metal rings, they are carried by wooden blocks fixed to
the frame a and they are supported upon vulcanized india rubber at j. j. so that the
rings . may yield slightly to the pressure of the contact pieces h, h, as these are
brought down upon the rings by the rolling movement of the frame f carrying the
armatures.
One of the rings i is connected with the positive terminal of the machine and
the other with the negative and these being connected through an external circuit
a current will flow in this circuit in one direction so long as the machine continues

page_text: in motion. The action of making and breaking contact between the armatures and
the magnets and the approach of the armatures to the magnets on the one side
and the recession on the other, all conspire to cause currents to flow through the
coils of the armature directed from the contact piece h which at the moment is
bearing upon one insulated ring i. to the contact piece which at the moment is
bearing upon the other ring i, and these currents pass into the external circuit.
The magnet coils may be arranged either for a part or the whole of the current
of the machine to flow through them.
If the machine in place of being driven by power is supplied with an electric
current introduced into its circuit it works as an electro motor.
Although the arrangement above described is that which I prefer it may be much
varied without departing from my invention so long as by a continuous rolling
motion armatures are successively brought into contact with the poles of magnets
and again separated from them.
But I claim.
First. In an electric generator or electro motor a series of coiled armatures
made to roll upon magnetised rings, each arinature in succession coming into contact
with the rings and separating from them substantially as described.
Second. In an electric generator or electro motor, the combination of an axis
connected with a crank moving in a conical path and carrying an armature or
armatures; of a series of magnets set in a circle around such armature or armatures
and attracting the same in succession substantially as described.
Third. My electric generator or electro motor substantially as described and
represented in the annexed Drawing,
In witness whereof I the said Orlando William Frederick Hill have hereunto
set my hand and seal this twenty third day of January in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
ORLANDO W. F. HILL. (L.S.)