Im- PROVEMENTS IN WRAPPERS OR ENVELOPES FOR SEED CRUSHING
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas McDonald, of Kingston-upon-Hull, in
the County of York, Seed Crusher, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN WRAPPERS OR ENVELOPES FOR SEED CRUSHING."
Sealed the 11th July 1873, and dated the 27th March 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas McDonald at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 27th March 1873.
I, THOMAS MCDONALD, of Kingston-upon-Hull, in the County of York,
Seed Crusher, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WRAPPERS OR ENVELOPES FOR SEED CRUSHING," (to be as
follows:-
:-
This Invention relates to the wrappers or envelopes within which line-
seed prior to being crushed for the purpose of extracting the oil there-
from is deposited.
A number of such wrappers containing seed arc

page_text: placed within and exposed to the action of a press.
The wrappers
heretofore employed were constructed of horsehair, wood, and iron;
the material first mentioned, whilst possessing the desirable feature of
lightness, was found expensive and not durable, the wood or iron
envelopes are two heavy and cumbersome. The number of times these
wrappers are placed within and removed from the press daily render
it very desirable a light and inexpensive appliance should be procured,
and this I find is accomplished by making such wrappers having their
ordinary tin facing the backing being composed of paper, that is to say,
cardboard, this material is strong and light and not liable to breakage
as wood wrappers, or iron wrappers, and of reduced cost.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas McDonald in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 26th September 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
MCDONALD, of Kingston-upon-Hull, in the County of York, Seed
Crusher, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Thomas McDonald Her
special licence that I, the said Thomas McDonald, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas McDonald,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WRAPPERS OR ENVELOPES FOR SEED CRUSHING," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas McDonald, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas McDonald, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the wrappers or envelopes within which
lint-seed or other oleaginous seed prior to being crushed for the purpose
of extracting the oil therefrom is deposited. A number of such
wrappers containing seed are placed within and exposed to the action
of a press.
The wrappers heretofore employed were constructed of
horsehair, wood, and iron. The material first mentioned, whilst
possessing the desirable feature of lightness was found expensive and
not durable, the wood or iron envelopes are too heavy and cumbersome.
The number of times these wrappers are placed within and removed
from the press daily render it very desirable a light and inexpensive
appliance should be procured, and this I find is accomplished by making
such wrappers with the ordinary tin facing, the backing being composed
of paper, that is to say, cardboard; this material is strong and light and
not so liable to breakage as wood wrappers or iron wrappers nor so
destructive to the bags, and of reduced cost.
In order that the Invention may be clearly understood, I have here-
unto annexed a Sheet of Drawings, shewing several views of a wrapper
or envelope constructed according to this Invention and have marked
them with letters of reference, the same letter referring to the same
part in the various views.
A is the ordinary tin facing of the wrapper or envelope; B, B, is the
backing of paper or cardboard; C are the hinges which secure the two
parts of the envelope together and admit of the necessary opening and
closing of the same; D is the bag with seed in it.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this my
said Invention, together with the manner in which the same is to be or
may be performed or carried into practical effect, I would have it
distinctly understood that I claim the construction, application, and use

page_text: of wrappers or envelopes, the backs or portions marked B, B, being of
paper or cardboard as herein fully described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas McDonald, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
Witness,
GEORGE ELLIOTT,
Engineer, &c.,
27, Pemberton Street,
Sutton Bank,
Hull.
THOMAS MODONALD. (L.S.)