IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRYING WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Robinson, of Denton Mills, Carlisle, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRYING WHEAT AND OTHER
GRAIN."
Sealed the 8th February 1856, and dated the 14th November 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Robinson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th November 1855.
I, JOSEPH ROBINSON, of Denton Mills, Carlisle, do hereby declare the nature
of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRYING WHEAT AND
OTHER GRAIN" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of the following arrangement or combination of
machinery for drying wheat and other grain:-A circular pan or vessel is
used, under which is a hollow chamber or vessel to receive steam, water, or
other heated fluid. The wheat or grain is placed in the upper vessel or pan,
and is kept stirred or moved by suitable stirring apparatus, which it is
preferred should consist of a vertical shaft or axis, put in motion by steam
or other power. Such shaft has one or more arms with stirrers thereon,
so that by the rotation of the vertical shaft the wheat or grain will be constantly
stirred at the time it is heated from below.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Robinson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th May 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, JOSEPII
ROBINSON, of Denton Mills, Carlisle, send greeting. _.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Iler
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Joseph Robinson, IIer special licence that I, the said Josephi Robinson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph
Robinson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVENENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR DRYING WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Joseph Robinson, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Robinson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention consists of the following arrangement or combination of
machinery for drying wheat and other grain :-A circular pan or vessel is used,
under which is a hollow chamber or vessel to receive steam, water, or other
heated fluid. The wheat or grain is placed in the upper vessel or pan, and is
kept stirred or moved by suitable stirring apparatus, which it is preferred
should consist of a vertical shaft or axis, put in motion by steam or othe
power. Such shaft has one or more arms with stirrers thereon, so that by the
rotation of the vertical shaft the wheat or grain will be constantly stirred a
the time it is heated from below.
And in order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and

page_text: annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
a is a
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 2 is a plan, of a machine for
drying wheat and other grain arranged according to my Invention.
circular pan in which the grain to be dried is placed. This pan has a hole
in its centre, through which the vertical shaft passes. c is a chamber into
which steam is admitted by the pipe d; and e is a cock by which the condensed
water is drawn off. The shaft b (which receives motion from a strap which
passes over the drum e') has attached to it rakes or stirrers f, which turn over
the grain in the pan a. g is a door in the side of the pan, through which it is
discharged. This is done by attaching scrapers to the axis b, the scrapers being
so arranged as to push the grain away from the centre of the pan; or, if
preferred, the pan may be discharged by hand labour.
I would remark, that in place of employing steam to heat the pan a, other
heated fluids may be employed, such as air or water, but I consider steam to
be generally preferable. When drying wheat, I usually prefer to use the steam
at its natural temperature, but when a higher heat is required, as in drying
pale malt, I superheat the steam employed by causing it to pass through a pipe
heated externally by a furnace, by which means any desired temperature may
be obtained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Robinson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
THOMAS THOMLINSON,
Carlisle.
JOSEPH ROBINSON. (L.S.)