IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FACING NUTS, BOLT HEADS, AND THE LIKE
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Jan, 1858
Complete Left, 15th May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 22nd June, 1888
I ROBERT TAYLOR, Junior, of 19 Hill Street Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR FACING NUTS, BOLT HEADS, AND THE LIKE, to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for facing nuts, bolt heads,
and the like and consists chiefly in certain novel constructions combinations and
improved arrangements of mechanism whereby time and labour are saved and cost
is reduced in facing nuts, bolt heads, etc.
In carrying my improvements into effect I mount the nut mandrel on a spindle
which is rotated in either direction as required by a suitable arrangement of driving
mechanism. The nut is placed on the mandrel while the spindle is revolving and the
facing tool is fed forward by an automatic feed to square and chamfer the nut.
When the tool has been fed far enough forward and the nut has been faced there
is an arrangement of mechanism operated automatically as the tool slide reaches the
limit of its traverse to withdraw the tool and slide and to reverse the driving
mechanism whereby the rotation of the spindle is also reversed. The reversing of
the driving mechanism as described actuates other mechanism which shoots forward a
key or wrench with jaws which fit over the nut and hold it until the mandrel is
unscrewed and the nut drops.
A treadle can now be actuated to again reverse the rotation of the spindle and by
the same movement to draw back the key or wrench ready for another nut to be
placed on the mandrel and also to re-start the automatic feed."
The feed mechanism is so arranged that by means of a hand wheel or equivalent
the workman can bring the tool rapidly up to its work and then leave it to be fed
gradually forward by the automatic mechanism.
In order to square or face the heads of bolts I remove the nut mandrel and attach
a small faceplate to the end of the spindle. A split bush turned conical on its out-
side is fitted into a coned recess formed in the faceplate and the bush is held in
position by a clamping plate. In the recess at the end of the spindle I place loose

page_text: collars and a nut the latter being prevented from turning by a key way or other
device the collars being bored out slightly larger than the shank of the bolt. By
screwing the end of the shank into the nut in the recess the bolt head is brought
against the front of the bush and so forces it into the conical recess in the faceplate
thus gripping the shank of the bolt securely.
It is obvious that the heads of bolts of various sizes can be faced by using conical
bushes collars and nuts of corresponding sizes.
The facing tool I prefer to employ has cutting surfaces for both squaring and
chamfering but with a nick or recess at the junction of the two cutting surfaces
in order to produce a sharp corner between the chamfered and the squared surfaces
of the nut, or bolt head.

page_text: I ROBERT TAYLOR, Junior, of 19 Hill Street Oldham in the County of Lancaster
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for facing nuts bolt heads and
the like and consists chiefly in certain novel constructions combinations and improved
arrangements of mechanism whereby time and labour are saved and cost is reduced
in facing nuts, bolt heads, etc.
In carrying my improvements into effect I mount the nut mandrel on a spindle
which is rotated in either direction as required by a suitable arrangement of driving
mechanism. The nut is placed on the mandrel while the spindle is revolving and the
facing tool is fed forward by an automatic feed to square and chamfer the nut.
When the tool has been fed far enough forward and the nut has been faced there
is an arrangement of mechanism operated automatically as the tool slide reaches the
limit of its traverse to withdraw the tool and slide and to reverse the driving
mechanism whereby the rotation of the spindle is also reversed. The reversing of the
driving mechanism as described actuates other mechanism which shoots forward a
key or wrench with jaws which fit over the nut and hold it until the mandrel is
unscrewed and the nut drops.
A treadle can now be actuated to again reverse the rotation of the spindle and by
the same movement to draw back the key or wrench ready for another nut to be
placed on the mandrel and also to re-start the automatic feed.
The feed mechanism is so arranged that by means of a hand wheel or equivalent
the workman can bring the tool rapidly up to its work and then leave it to be fed
gradually forward by the automatic mechanism.
In order to square or face the heads of bolts I remove the nut mandrel and attach
a small faceplate to the end of the spindle. A split bush turned conical on its out-
side is fitted into a coned recess formed in the face plate and the bush is held in
position by a clamping plate. In the recess at the end of the spindle I place loose
collars and a nut the latter being prevented from turning by a key way or other
device the collars being bored out slightly larger than the shank of the bolt. By
screwing the end of the shank into the nut in the recess the bolt head is brought

page_text: against the front of the bush and so forces it into the conical recess in the faceplate
thus gripping the shank of the bolt securely.
It is obvious that the heads of bolts of various sizes can be faced by using conical
bushes collars and nuts of corresponding sizes.
The facing tool I prefer to employ has cutting surfaces for both squaring and
chamfering but with a nick or recess at the junction of the two cutting surfaces in
order to produce a sharp corner between the chamfered and the squared surfaces of
the nut or bolt head.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect. I will describe the accompanying four sheets of Drawings reference being had
to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section, Fig. 2 an end elevation and Fig. 3 a
plan of a machine for facing nuts, bolt heads, and the like, constructed according to
my Invention. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the end of the spindle of the machine
on an enlarged scale to which is applied an apparatus for holding bolts and screws.
Figs. 5 is a front view of the same and Fig. 6 a section on the line A B. Fig. 4.
a is the frame of the machine, a' the headstock, b the spindle on which are mounted
three pulleys 162 13 the first of which is keyed to the spindle the second is the
ordinary loose pulley and the third 63 is a pulley mounted loosely on a flanged bush c
fixed on the spindle b; to the flange of the bush e is secured a stud c¹ on which is
fitted a spur pinion d which gears into internal spur teeth cast on a rim 66 formed
with the pulley 63; on one end of the spindle is fitted the nut mandrel e and on the
other is secured a small pulley which gives motion by means of a band not shown to
à pulley g' keyed on a shaft g which gives motion to the automatic feed, the band
passing round tension pulleys. The facing tool 1, see Fig. 2, is supported by a
holder held in a cross slide adjustable by a screw and nut on a slide i fitted in
slideways on a carriage a² which is free to be moved longitudinally on the frame a.
The slide with the tool holder is actuated by the shaft on a feather key on which
is fitted a worm : the worm gears into a worm wheel which is formed or combined
with a ratchet wheel mounted loosely on a shaft. I supported in bearings on the
carriage a secured on the shaft is an arm carrying a spring pawl which engages
the teeth of the ratchet wheel A. On the slide is a stud which by means of a
spring is held in contact with a cam m secured on the shaft the spring is held on a
spindle which spindle passes through a projection on the slide and is supported
in a fixed bearing on the carriage a² the spring being compressed between the
projection and a set hoop n' fixed on the spindle.
In Fig. 2 the facing tool is shown at the end of its forward movement and as the
shaft iurns forward the largest diameter of the cam m passes the stud and the
compressed spring acting against the set hoop forces the slides and i back; at
this moment a striking piece o pivoted on the slide acts upon and depresses the front
end of a lever pivoted to the frame at p¹ the other end of the lever p is thus raised
from a stud on a lever secured on a shafts free to be turned in bearings s¹ formed
with or secured to the frame a. As soon as the lever p is raised from the stud a
spring as subsequently described draws back the upper end of the lever and moves
with it a strap fork slide bar t the guides t' on which move the strap, not shown, from
the pulley to the pulley 13 which transmits by the internal teeth & pinion d and
flanged bush e the reverse motion to the spindle 6. On the shafts is secured a bevel
pinions which gears into a pinion u¹ secured to a shaft u on which is keyed an elbow
lever to one end of which is connected the previously mentioned spring u³ secured
at its other end to the frame of the machine; the upper end of the elbow lever u²
operates a bracket which carries a key or wrench which when the machine is
reversed slips over and holds the nut until it is disengaged and released from the
mandrel e. While the spindle is running in the reverse direction as described the
pawl slips over the teeth of the ratchet wheel ¹ consequently the feed mechanism
with the tool holder hand tool h remains stationary.
To re-start the machine the foot is placed on the treadle w which by means of the

page_text: rode and an arm 2 fixed on the shafts partially turns the said shaft and causes the
lever to move back until the stud again comes under the notch in the lever p;
the levert and strap fork guide move the strap on to the pulley and reverses the
direction of the spindle at the same time the bevel wheels and a partially turn the
shaft u thereby operating the elbow lever and withdrawing the bracket v and
wrench 1. A fresh nut can now be placed on the mandrel e while it is in motion and
the shaft g being driven by the band is turned in the direction indicated by the
arrow Fig. 2 thus causing the cam m to slowly move the cutting tool h up to, the nut
and face it. As soon as the cam has moved the slide far enough for the fool to
completely face the nut it passes the stud and allows both slides i to be forced
back by the spring on the spindle ³ which movement brings the catch o against the
lever and so reverses the machine as before described.
The handwheel 3 on the shaft can be turned by hand to bring the facing tool h
rapidly up to its work and the carriage a² can be moved along the bed whenever
necessary; any slight transverse adjustment of the tool can be effected by turning
the screw which moves the slide on the slide i.
I have shown and described a machine with one head only but in practice I propose
to duplicate the arrangement of mechanism herein described and to make the machine
with two heads so that nuts can be simultaneously faced as fast as a single attendant
can feed and regulate the machine.
Figs. 4, 5 and represent my improved chuck applied to the nut facing machine
for holding a bolt or machine screw while its head is being faced or turned.
In these views. b is the end of the machine spindle formed with a small faceplate 6*
on which is bolted a plate c which is bored with a central conical hole and secured to
the plate a is a plate al also drilled out in the centre. A taper bush y split say in
three pieces is fitted into the conical hole in the plate and in a central hole in the
spindle are fitted one two or more in this case three loose collars and a screwed
nut provided with a key that fits into a keyway cut in the spindle b.
Z
b
The bolt or machine screw 1 to be faced is pushed through the split bush y and
collar and screwed into the nut by the rotation of the spindle until the under
side of the head of the screw comes against the front end of the bush y which is
reduced in diameter and projects through the hole in the front plate al which is bolted
to the plate and as the split bush y is forced into the conical hole it is compressed
and so grips the shank of the screw and holds it firmly. When the screw 1 is thus
secured in position the facing tool h is allowed to advance and face the head as already
described with reference to the preceding Figures.
=
By changing the nut ¹ collars and the split bush y bolts and machine screws of
various diameters and lengths can be held and faced.
I wish it to be understood that my improved chuck can be used in combination with
other machines for facing bolt heads etc.
I also wish it to be understood that I do not tie myself to the exact arrangements
of mechanism herein shown and described as it is obvious that the same may be varied
or modified or equivalents employed without departing from the nature of my Invention
which consists mainly in combining in one machine a suitable arrangement of
mechanism for driving the mandrel spindle in one direction and simultaneously feeding
forward the facing tool and at the required moment stopping the motion of the
feeding mechanism and withdrawing the slide with the facing tool and simultaneously
reversing the rotation of the mandrel spindle and disengaging the nut or other
article.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In apparatus for facing nuts etc., the combination with an arrangement of
mechanism for driving the mandrel spindle and simultaneously feeding forward the
facing tool, of mechanism and means for automatically stopping the feed ant

page_text: withdrawing the tool at the required moment and simultaneously reversing the rotation
of the mandrel spindle and disengaging the nut or other article as herein described
with reference to the drawings annexed.
2. The several constructions combinations and arrangements of parts embodying
my improvements in apparatus for facing nuts bolt heads and the like substantially as
and for the purposes herein described and as shown.
3. The combination and arrangement of parts forming my improved chuck for
.holding bolts machine screws and the like substantially as and for the purposes herein
described with reference to Figs. 4, 5, and 6.
H. B. BARLOW,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester,
Agent for Applicant.