IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS POR DOUBLING YARNS OR THREADS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Blackwood, senior, of Kilmarnock, in the
County of Ayr, North Britain, Worsted Spinner, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS POR DOUBLING YARNS OR
THREADS."
Sealed the 11th November 1856, and dated the 2nd June 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Blackwood at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd June 1856.
I, ROBERT BLACKWOOD, senior, of Kilmarnock, in the County of Ayr,
North Britain, Worsted Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DOUBLING YARNS
OR THREADS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to mechanical arrangements to be applied to
doubling frames or such machines as are used for doubling yarns or threads
of various kinds.
Under one modification this arrangement consists of a pair or more small
levers or moveable guides, each having an eye, through which is passed an
end of yarn or thread, one end from each of the two or more containing
bobbin which hold the yarn to be doubled. Should one of these ends or
threads break or fail, another small lever connected with the first levers turns
up, and acts upon a lever or mechanical connection working a second shifting.

page_text: lever and eye, through which one or both ends of the yarn or thread are
passed, so that the eye is made to bring the ends or threads laterally out of
the liue of action of the rollers which draw forward the yarn on its way to be
twisted by the spindle and flyer. In this way, should either or any of the
threads break or fail, no waste can ensue, as the rollers can no longer bring
forward the yarn. The same movement acts upon another mechanical
arrangement passing down to the doubling flyer or spindle or wharve in such
a manner that when a failure of the yarn occurs a stop is passed within the
path of rotation of the flyer and spindle; when the stop is so passed the
flyer with its spindle is stopped, and consequently the twisting and winding-on
action ceases. In this way each spindle's movement is independant of the
rest, so that the stopping of any individual spindle does not interfere with the
others.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed.
by the said Robert Blackwood in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
1st December 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
BLACKWOOD, senior, of Kilmarnock, in the County of Ayr, North Britain,
Worsted Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of June, in the year of our Lord Ono
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign.
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Robert Blackwood, senior, Her special license that I, the said Robert
Black wood, senior, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Robert Blackwood, senior, my exccutors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DOUBLING YARNS OR THREADS,".
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Blackwood,
senior, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the saine was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Blackwood, senior, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to mechanical arrangements to be applied to
doubling frames or such machines as are used for doubling yarns or threads of
various kinds. Under one modification this arrangement consists of a pair or
more small levers or moveable guides, each having an eye, through which is
passed an end of yarn or thread, one end from each of the two or more contain-
ing bobbins which hold the yarn to be doubled. Should one of these ends or
threads break or fail, another small lever connected with the first levers turns
up, and acts upon a lever or mechanical connection working a second shifting
lever and eye, through which both or more ends of the yarn or thread are
passed, so that the eye is made to bring the ends or threads laterally out of
the line of action of the rollers, which draw forward the yarn on its way to be
twisted by the spindle and flyer. In this way, should either or any of the
threads break or fail, no waste can ensue, as the rollers can no longer bring
forward the yarn. The same movement acts also upon another mechanical
arrangement passing down to the doubling flyer, or spindle, or wharve, or
bobbin in such a manner that when a failure of the yarn occurs a stop is
passed within the path of rotation of the flyer and spindle; when the stop
is so passed the flyer with its spindle is stopped, and consequently the twisting
and winding-on action ceases; or the motion of the spindle and flyer is
stopped by throwing the driving band upon a loose pulley. In this way each
spindle's movement is independent of the rest, so that the stopping of any
individual spindle does not interfere with the others.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood, I have
hereunto appended, and shall now proceed to describe, a Sheet of explanatory
Drawings, showing a mode of practically working out my said Invention.
Figure 1 on the Sheet of Drawings is a transverse vertical section of so
much of a doubling frame as is necessary to explain the action of my
improved stopping mechanism; Figure 2 is a front elevation corresponding
to Figure 1; Figure 3 is a plan, and Figure 4 is a front elevation of one of
the details as detached. In these Figures the parts are shown as arranged
for drawing the threads off the two bobbins A, twisting or doubling them
together, and winding the compound thread upon the bobbin B.
thread C is passed on its way to the drawing rollers D through a guide eyo
carried by a small lever E, arranged in such a manner below a straight line,
Each

page_text: drawn from the bobbin to the rollers, that the draw of the thread lifts up the
end of the lever E to which the cye is fixed, as indicated by the dotted lines
in Figure 1. When the thread C, however, is broken, as it is shown to
be in Figure 1, or fails from the bobbin being emptied or from any other
cause, the end of the lever E, to which the eye is attached, falls down, and its
other end rises and strikes the turned back portion F. of, a small lever or
catch G (shown separately in Figure 4), and thereby releases the stopping
mechanism. The two levers E, appertaining to one couple of bobbins A, are
carried on a
pin projecting on opposite sides of a small stud I fixed to the
framing. Both levers E of one couple of bobbins A act upon ono and the.
same catch lever G, which is carried by another stud I, and this catch lever
is lifted when either or both of the threads A fail. The catch of the lever
retains the shorter end of a lever J, capable of turning horizontally upon.
a vertical stud K, and which is acted. upon when released by a blade
spring L. The lever J has fixed to it an upright wire M, arranged so that
when the spring L pushes the lever J to one, side the wire M carries the
threads C laterally out of the line of the rollers D, thereby preventing the
drawing forward of any more thread. The lever J is shown as released in
Figures 1 and 2; but as held by the catch lever G in Figures 3 and 4. The
lever J has also attached to it a vertical wire or small rod N, which is jointed
to a species of bell-crank or bent lever O turning on a centre P upon the
rail of the machine. The lever O has also jointed to it a wire or rod Q,
which descends to the bearings R of a small pulley S, arranged in the line
of the driving band T so as to lift it when raised by the action of the lever O
on the latter being turned over by the lateral movement of the lever J and
rod N. The spindle U of the bobbin B is provided with two pulleys V, the
lower one of which is fast on the spindle, whilst the upper one is loose.
When the pulley S is in its lowest position, the driving band D acts on the
fast pulley, and drives the spindle; but on a thread failing, the pulley S is
raised in the manner already described, and lifts the driving band .upon the
loose pulley, so that it ceases to have any further driving power upon the
spindle U. All the herein described arrangements are repeated for cach
spindle in the frame, so that the several spindles are rendered quite inde-
pendent of each other, and no waste can occur, as the moment a thread fails
the corresponding spindle is stopped, the other spindles working on without
interruption. The vertical rod N is prolonged far enough downwards to
reach a small blade spring W, against which the tail of the rod presses when
derangement occurs; the spring W is thus pressed against the bobbin
flange of the bobbin, and the latter is in this way suddenly stopped, so as to

page_text: prevent snarling or knotting of the end of the thread at the flyer. By a
further modification of the apparatus provision is made for securing increased
certainty of action on the failure of the threads by giving increased leverage
to the part F, G. Instead of making the lever F, G, solid or in one piece,
it is in this latter instance made in separate jointed pieces to give a double
leverage action; that is to say, the part F is separate from and linked and
jointed to the lower portion G, so that when the threads fail the action is
rendered more certain and effective.
Ilaving now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I may observe, in conclusion, that I do not confine or restrict myself to
the precise details or arrangements which I have had occasion to describe or
refer to, as many variations may be made therefrom without deviating from
the principles or main features of my Invention; but what I consider to be
novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,―
First, the general arrangement and construction of mechanism for stopping
the action of the drawing rollers and spindles of doubling, twisting, or spinning
frames when a yarn or thread breaks or fails, as herein-before described.
Second, the application and use in doubling, twisting, and spinning frames
of a spring movement for stopping the action of the drawing rollers and
spindle when a thread breaks or fails, such movement being released by the
falling down of a lever held up by the thread when in its unbroken state, and
passing continuously from the delivery bobbin to the rollers or spindle, as
herein-before described.
Third, the application and use of fast and loose pulleys to the spindles of
doubling, twisting, or spinning frames for the purpose of effecting the stoppage
of the action when the threads or yarns break or fail.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Blackwood, senior, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of November, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
ROBERT BLACKWOOD, Sen". (L.S.)