Oppalam proye Operating on Surfaces by Sand-blast.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 20th Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 2nd Mar., 1888
Դա ԱԵ Ն
111 Sanu DNES OF MEANS Oppalam proye
Operating on Surfaces by Sand-blast.
I GOTTFRIED RUDOLF ALFRED GUTMANN, Engineer, of Ottensen in the German
Empire do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
My invention relates to improvements in sand blasts; and the objects of my
improvements are first to obtain a regular distribution of air over the whole length of
the air nozzle, and second to facilitate the transport of the pieces to be treated into
the current of sand.
To attain these objects I make use of a rotating annular table, upon which the
pieces to be sanded are placed, and which is provided with suitable means for rotation.
Such table may either be supported by rollers or fixed to a vertical rotating shaft, and
is provided with suitable perforations or slots for the passage of the sand.
Inside of the air nozzle are arranged two or more partitions, which distribute the air
over the whole length of the nozzle slot. Suitable dampers or flaps regulate the
admission of air. The air-nozzle is surrounded by the sand nozzle, into the upper
hopper-shaped prolongation of which the sand is lifted by a suitable elevator.
The rotating table is filled successively with the pieces to be sanded at that part,
which is outside of the case or shell enclosing the nozzles. The openings of the shell
or casing, through which the pieces to be treated pass under the sand-nozzle must be
closed by suitable doors or flaps according to the shape of the said pieces.
Dated the 21st day of March 1887.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Operating on Surfaces by Sand-blast.
I GOTTFRIED RUDOLF ALFRED GUTMANN, Engineer, of Ottensen in the German
Empire do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statenient
My invention relates to improvements in sand-blasts; and the objects of my
improvements are first to obtain a regular distribution of air over the whole length of
the air nozzle, and second to facilitate the transport and the movement of the pieces to
be treated by the current of sand.
To attain these objects I make use of a continuously or intermittently rotating
annular table upon which the pieces to be sanded are arranged and which is provided
with suitable means for rotating the pieces and attaching them to the rotating table.
Such table may either be supported by rollers or fixed to a vertical rotating shaft and
is provided with suitable perforations openings or slots for the passage of the sand.
Inside of the air-nozzle are arranged two or more partitions which distribute the air
over the whole length of the nozzle slot. Suitable dampers or flaps regulate the
admission of air.
The air-nozzle is surrounded by the sand-nozzle into the upper hopper-shaped
reservoir of which the sand is lifted by a suitable elevator. The pieces to be sanded
are successively attached to suitable fastening-and moving devices at that part of the
table which is outside of the case or shell enclosing the sand nozzles. The openings
of the shell or casing through which the pieces to be treated pass under the sand-
nozzle must be closed by suitable doors or flaps according to the shape of the said
pieces.
In order to make my invention more clearly understood I will describe it with
reference to the annexed drawing in which,
Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of my improved sand blast, showing the
arrangement of the sand nozzle and of the continuously rotating table; Figure 2 is a
front elevation of the rotating table; Figure 3 is a vertical section of my improved
sand-blast with the arrangement of the intermittently rotating table and the
mechanism for attaching and imparting to the pieces to be sanded a planet move-
ment; Figure 4 represents a top view of Figure 3; Figure 5 a cross section of the
air- and sand-nozzles; Figure 6 a front view of the whole sand-blast; Figs. 7, 8, 9,
10 and 11 are details.
The shell A of the sand blast, enclosing the sand nozzle and the elevator, and sup-
porting also the driving mechanism, is in correspondence with the annular table, of
the form of a cylinder sogment. The annular table a rests upon rollers * (Figures 1
and 2) bevel-wheel c* gearing with the bevel-wheel d* and actuated by the worm-gearf
and g and step pulleys * and k*. In order to admit of the passage of the sand after
employment the table a is provided with suitable perforations or slots a*, or it is com-
posed of sectors forming compartments for the separate treatment of the pieces to be
sanded. The partitions in the air nozzle are for the purpose of distributing the air
uniformly over the whole area of the nozzle mouth m* or to gain a uniformly decreasing
effect of the air from one end of the nozzle to the other.

page_text: The air supply may be regulated or entirely shut off by a valve or other device and
the sand stored and discharged by an elevator in a reservoir S*, which encloses the
air nozzle and terminates in the sand-nozzles (Figure 5). The distribution of sand
may be stopped or regulated by valves s' on both sides of the air nozzle.
The openings ox through which the annular table enters into the shell are auto-
matically closed by flaps, preferably of cloth, rubber or other flexible material, after
the pieces to be sanded have passed the opening.
The above described arrangement of my improved sand-blast in combination with
an annular rotating table characterizes the following construction. With reference to
Figures 3, 4, and 6 to 11 the rotating table is fixed to a vertical shaft w carrying the
cylindrical casing cand the bell-shaped casting e which serve to support the radially
arranged mechanisms for suitably holding and revolving the pieces to be sanded. The
number of mechanisms to be employed corresponds with the number of pieces to be
successively treated by the sand blast during one full rotation of the table and such a
mechanism consists of the shaft upon which is fastened the bevel-gear g, a loose
socket h with its outside extension ³, cover the bevel-gear i keyed on the socket h,
the spring, washer m and the bevel gear n. The extension h¹ of the socket / forms
together with the cover k the guard-box of the bevel gearn and the corresponding
wheel o, which is supported by the guard-hox itself and provided with a hole to
receive a mandrily. The latter serves to hold the pieces to be sanded varying as
shown by Figures 3, 4, 6, 7, 10 and 11 according to the forms of the pieces to be
sanded.
The table is periodically turned so as to bring for a certain interval of time one
mandril with its object under operation by the sand-blast. This periodical movement
of the table is effected by the click or pawl p actuating a ratchet wheels underneath
the table. Below the casing e and extending into the casting e the sleeve or bushing t
is connected with the stationary shell or frame A so as to move axially and to form a
bearing for the intermittently rotating shaft w.
This sleeve or bushing t is provided at its upper end with a cam t¹ acting upon the
horizontal shafts fin such a manner as to disengage the holding mechanism at the
place of the operator, to admit the replacing of a now piece to be decorated while
the piece, attached to the holding mechanism diametrically opposite is exposed to the
sand-blast. The sleeve or bushing t, which may be axially moved and its cam t
brought out of gear with the holding mechanism by means of the discs t³ ³ and
screws t', serves also to guide the hollow shaft upon which are keyed the bevel-
wheels and gearing with the corresponding wheels g and i on the shafts and the
socket h, the worm-wheel and the disc having an annular course or partly cut-out
path for the roller u.
.
2
The worm-wheel is driven continuously by a worm ¹ to which motion is imparted
from the main driving shaft by suitable gearing.
The motion of the pieces to be sanded when exposed to the sand-blast, corresponds
with the form of the object and the character of the design which has to be applied
to the same.
In Figure 7 a lamp-globe is represented to which the mechanism above described
will impart a planetary motion; that is to say a rotating motion around the axis of the
inclined mandril y and at the same time around the axis of the horizontal shaft f.
In Figure 10 the bottle to be sanded only revolves around its axis the bevel-wheel
being out of gear with the wheel i, which is held in its position with the socket h and
its outside extension by means of a set screw. In the saine manner the piece attached
as shown in Figure 11 will only turn around its own axis.
The pawl p engaging in the ratchet wheel is provided with a counter-weight
carrying the roller u, which is guided on the projecting border ' of the disc a. This
border is partly cut away at in the present case at two places-into which cuts
the roller u descends at the proper moment, whereby the pawl p will come into gear
with the ratchet wheel and the table caused to turn so much as to bring the adjacent
compartment with the piece to be sanded under the nozzle.
The pawl p rises and descends in regular intervals but the disc is caused to turn

page_text: with varying velocity by means of change gears, according to the sizes of the pieces
to be sanded. Thus the time of sanding is adjusted according to the size of
the piece to be sanded, but the time for turning the table is the same for all sizes.
If for instance the worm-wheel z and the disc a performs one-sixth of a revolution
and the crank two revolutions in one minute, the roller u will every three minutes
descend into a cut of which there are two in the rim or border a¹ of the disc
which has made one half of a revolution in three minutes. As the check-motion
requires only one quarter of a minute seeing that two to-and-fro motions of the
pawl are performed in one minute, the table stands still during 24 minutes, forming
together three minutes as before stated. During these 2 minutes the piece under
the nozzle is sanded and the operator then replaces that piece on its coming opposite
him by another one.
The operator stands in front of the table and behind the table is adapted the
elevator H lifting the sand into the reservoir S× of the nozzles. The change wheels
are covered by a guard-box M and the pawl p is moved from the crank K. The
devices for holding the objects to be sanded are separated on the rotating table by
walls G of metal or wood, forming together with the front plate of the shell A of the
sand blast and the rubber or other flexible plates at the entrances o of the table a
sufficiently tight shutter to protect the operator from the sand dust. The air after
use escapes through the dust-pipes P from which it may be exhausted by a ventilator.
The compressed air enters through the pipe N.
This sand-blast may also he made (as a twin-machine) with two nozzles or more.
Also the mechanisms of the holders may be replaced by other means.
The bevel gears rg in and o may be replaced by friction wheels. The table
may be turned by means of eccentric cogged wheels or eccentric pulleys, but these
mechanisms do not admit of the motion of the table being stopped entirely for a
certain period, but while the piece to be sanded is under the nozzle the angular
movement is only very slow.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In combination with a sand-blast a rotating annular table-a for transporting the
objects to be sanded under the nozzle of the sand blast, passing the shell of the latter
through openings which are automatically closed by flaps or slides substantially as set
forth with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawing.
2. In combination with the annular rotating table of a sand-blast having a number
of devices for holding and revolving the objects to be sanded, mechanisms, substantially
as described, for imparting to the table an intermittently rotating motion of unequal
angular velocity within equal periods.
3. In combination with a sand blast the parts j within the air nozzle substantially
as and for the purpose specified.
4. In combination with the rotating table of a sand blast the arrangement of the
separating walls G and the automatically closing flaps on the front wall of the shell A
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5. In combination with the rotating table of a sand-blast the mechanism for
imparting motion to the holding devices of the objects to be sanded, substantially as
and for the purpose specified.
Tale 2011
2
1
1005
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the Applicant.