IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING FATTY AND OILY MATTERS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Fergusson Wilson-and George Payne, both
of Sherwood Works, Battersea, in the County of Surrey, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING FATTY AND OILY MATTERS."
Sealed the 24th January 1862, and dated the 11th November 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Fergusson Wilson
and George Payne at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 11th November 1861.
We, GEORGE FERGUSSON WILSON and GEORGE PAYNE, both of Sherwood
Works, Battersea, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of
the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING FATTY AND OILY MATTERS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in treating fatty and oily
matters. Heretofore in treating fatty and oily matters, the same have been
subjected to the action of nitrous fumes, and means of obtaining and applying
nitrous fumes were described under a Patent granted to one of us and William
Coley Jones, dated 8th December 1842 (No. 9542), and certain modes of
treating fatty and oily matters were described in the Specification of a Patent
granted to Richard Albert Tilghman, dated 9th January 1854, (No. 47),
and in the Specification of a Patent granted to George Tomlinson Bousfield,

page_text: dated 12th February 1856 (No. 358), which consisted in subjecting fatty
and oily matters to the action of water at a high pressure and temperature,
and in the Specification of a Patent granted to us, dated 24th July, 1854
(No. 1624), a peculiar process of distilling fatty and oily matters is described.
Now, our present Invention consists in treating fatty and oily matters with
nitrous fumes, and then further subjecting them to the action of water at a
high temperature and pressure, or after subjecting them to the action of
nitrous fumes, to distil the products in like manner to that described in the
Specification of our said former Patent, or to the combined action of the said
water decomposition and distillation.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Fergusson Wilson and George Payne in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 10th May 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
FERGUSSON WILSON and GEORGE PAYNE, both of Sherwood Works, Battersea,
in the County of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most, Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said George Fergusson Wilson and George Payne, Her special licence that we,
the said George Fergusson Wilson and George 'Payne, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said George Fergusson Wilson
and George Payne, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during, the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TREATING FATTY AND OILY MATTERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said George Fergusson Wilson and George Payne, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and
seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Fergusson Wilson, on behalf of
myself and the said George Payne, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that
is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in treating fatty and oily
matters. Heretofore in treating fatty and oily matters the same have been sub-
jected to the action of nitrous fumes, and means of obtaining and applying nitrous
fumes were described under a Patent granted .to one of us and William Coley
Jones, dated 8th Dec. 1842 (No. 9542), and certain modes of treating fatty
and oily matters were described in the Specification of a Patent granted to
Richard Albert Tilghman, dated 9th January 1854 (No. 47), and in the Speci-
fication of a Patent granted to George Tomlinson Bousfield, dated 12th
February 1856 (No. 358), which consisted in subjecting fatty and oily matters
to the action of water at a high pressure and temperature, and in the Speci-
fication of a Patent granted to us, dated 24th July 1854 (No. 1624), a
peculiar process of distilling fatty and oily matters is described.
Now our present Invention consists in treating fatty and oily matters with
nitrous fumes, and then further subjecting them to the action of water at a
high temperature and pressure, or after subjecting them to the action of
nitrous fumes to distil the products, in like manner to that described in the
Specification of our said former Patent, or to the combined action of the said
water decomposition and distillation.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, we will proceed to describe
the manner in which we prefer to perform the same.
For the purpose of operating upon a hundredweight of fatty or oily body,
we use about four pounds of the red fuming nitrous acid of commerce, specific
gravity 1.350, which we mix in an earthenware or other suitable vessel, with
about one-sixth of its own weight of treacle; nitric acid of commerce may be
substituted, but we prefer the former. This mixture, after being thoroughly
incorporated by stirring, is poured into the body under process (which is to be
melted, if not already liquid) and thoroughly stirred up therewith. Heat is
then applied until the nitrous fumes are evolved. We apply the heat by
means of a coil of steam pipes placed at the bottom of a tub of water in which
the earthenware vessel containing the matter under process is immersed.
Immediately on the distinct evolution of the nitrous fumes, we check the
operation by admitting about twenty gallons of cold water. Care should be
taken in this part of the operation that the action be not continued too long,
as we have found that the matter under process may be thereby discolored.

page_text: The fatty or oily bodies operated upon by the above-mentioned processes, or
subjected by other suitable means to the action of nitric or nitrous acid or
nitrous fumes, are then, according to our Invention, either subjected to the
action of water at a high pressure and temperature, which we prefer to do in
the manner described in the Specification of the Patent granted to Richard
Albert Tilghman, dated 9th January 1854 (No. 47), or in the manner
described in the Specification of the Patent granted to George Tomlinson-
Bousfield, dated 12th February 1856 (No. 358), or they are subjected to the
peculiar process of distilling fatty and oily matters described in the Specifica-
tion of the Patent granted to us, and dated the 24th July 1854 (No. 1624),
or the fatty or oily bodies, after having been acted on by nitrous fumes, may
be first acted on by water at a high pressure and temperature, and be then
distilled, by preference, with the aid of superheated steam.
In witness whereof, I the said George Fergusson Wilson, have hereunto
* set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
GEO. F. WILSON. (L.S.)