IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTIONS FOR AND IN STOPPING PIPES USED FOR CONVEYING WATER AND GAS AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES, AND IN PREVENTING LEAKAGES IN THE SAID PIPES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Forster Cotterill, of Cannock, in the
County of Stafford, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CONNECTIONS FOR AND IN STOPPING PIPES USED FOR CONVEYING WATER AND
GAS AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES, AND IN PREVENTING LEAKAGES IN THE
SAID PIPES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Sealed the 22nd December 1865, and dated the 29th September 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Foster Cotterill
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th September 1865.
I, CHARLES FORSTER COTTERILL, of Cannock, in the County of Stafford,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN CONNECTIONS FOR AND IN STOPPING PIPES USED FOR CONVEYING
WATER AND GAS AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES, AND IN PREVENTING LEAKAGES IN
THE SAID PIPES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, firstly, of the improvements herein-after described
in making connections to main pipes used for conveying water and gas, and
in apparatus employed in drilling the said main pipes for the said or other
connections. In making a connection to a main water pipe according to my
Invention, I fix on that part of the pipe at which the connection is to be made
a circular strap or collar, the said strap or collar being made in halves, the
said halves being made firmly to clip the pipe and form a permanent part
thereof. The said halves of the collar are fixed together and to the pipe by
flanges, through which screws are passed. A washer or ring of india-rubber
or leather is interposed between the strap or collar and pipe at the top
thereof. A screwed hole is made in the strap or collar, and a hole is also
made in the india-rubber or leather washer opposite the said screwed hole in

page_text: the said strap or collar. Through the said holes the drill is passed in order
to drill a hole in the main pipe. The drill used for drilling the hole is carried
by a frame or clamp of the ordinary kind. Above the screwed hole in the
strap or collar I place a tundish or conical vessel, through a hole in the
summit of which tundish or vessel the drill passes. By means of the said
tundish or vessel the water, when the drill has penetrated through the pipe, is
prevented from striking and wetting the workman using the drill. The said
tundish is particularly useful when the water in the main is under pressure.
After the hole has been made in the main pipe coincident with that in the
clip or collar, a pipe for the private supply is screwed into the screwed hole
in the said clip or collar and the connexion completed. By making con-
nections in the manner described the loss of water is very small, and the main
pipe is strengthened. This part of my Invention is applicable to earthenware
pipes as well as to iron pipes, and may be applied to gas pipes where a strong
connection is required.
My Invention consists, secondly, of the following arrangement of parts for
temporarily stopping the open ends of earthenware pipes used for conveying
gas and water, and for other like purposes, during the laying of the said pipes
or otherwise. Near the end of the pipe to be closed I fix two semicircular
clips, to which clips a rectangular frame is connected, the said frame carrying
a strong screw. Upon the open end of the pipe a disk or valve of iron is
placed, the said valve having on its inner face an india-rubber or leather disk
or washer. By placing the said disk or valve against the open end of the
pipe, and driving home the end of the screw so as to make it bear against the
said valve, the valve is held very securely against and in close contact with
the pipe, and the said pipe effectually stopped.
My Invention consists, thirdly, in stopping fractures or leakages in earthen-
ware and iron pipes used for conveying water and gas and for other purposes
by means of circular clips or collars of thin sheet iron, the said clips or collars
being made in halves. Into the space between the said clips or collars and
the exterior of the pipe, I pour in a liquid state through a hole in the said
clips or collar the filling composition described in the Specification of Letters
Patent granted to me, bearing date the Thirteenth day of April 1865
No. 1058, or other composition may be employed. When the fracture or
fractures in the pipe are small I cover them with a band or piece of india
rubber, gutta percha, or leather, and fix it thereon by the semicircular clips
described; the filling composition between the clips or collar being in this
case dispensed with.
:

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Forster Cotterill in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 27th March 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
FORSTER COTTERILL, of Cannock, in the County of Stafford, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of September, in the year of our
LordOne thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Charles Forster Cotterill, Her special licence that I, the said Charles
Forster Cotterill, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Charles Forster Cotterill, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN CONNECTIONS FOR AND IN STOPPING PIPES USED FOR CONVEYING
WATER AND GAS AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES, AND IN PREVENTING LEAKAGES IN
THE SAID PIPES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Charles Forster Cotterill, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Forster Cotterill, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists, firstly, of the improvements herein-after described
in making connections to main pipes used for conveying water and gas, and in
apparatus employed in drilling the said main pipes for the said or other
connections: In making a connection to a main water pipe according to my
Invention, I fix on that part of the pipe at which the connection is to be made
a circular strap or collar, the said strap or collar being made in halves, the
said halves being made firmly to clip the pipe and form a. permanent part
thereof. The said halves of the collar are fixed together and to the pipe by

page_text: f
flanges, through which screws are passed. A washer or ring of india-rubber
or leather is interposed between the strap or collar and pipe at the top thereof.
A screwed hole is made in the strap or collar and a hole is also made in the
india-rubber or leather washer opposite the said screwed hole. Through the
said holes the drill is passed in order to drill a hole in the main pipe. The
drill used for drilling the hole is carried by a frame or clamp of the ordinary
kind, or any other kind adapted to the purpose. Above the screwed hole in
the strap or collar I place an inverted tundish or conical vessel, through a
hole in the summit of which tundish or vessel the drill passes. By means of
the said tundish or vessel the water, when the drill has penetrated through
the pipe, is prevented from striking and wetting the workman using the drill.
The said tundish is particularly useful when the water in the main is under
pressure. After the hole has been made in the main pipe coincident with
that in the clip or collar a pipe for the private supply is screwed into the
screwed hole in the said clip or collar and the connection completed. By
making connections in the manner described the loss of water is very small
and the main pipe is strengthened. This part of my Invention is applicable
to earthenware pipes as well as to iron water pipes, and may be applied to gas
pipes where a strong connection is required.
My Invention consists, secondly, of the following arrangement of parts for
temporarily stopping the open ends of earthenware pipes used for conveying
gas and water, and for other like purposes, during the laying of the said pipes
or otherwise. Near the end of the pipe to be closed I fix two semicircular
clips, to which clips a rectangular frame is connected, the said frame carrying
a strong screw. Upon the open end of the pipe a disk or valve of iron is
placed, the said valve having on its inner face an india-rubber or leather disk
or washer. By placing the said disk or valve against the open end of the pipe,
and driving home the end of the screw so as to make it bear against the said
valve, the said valve is held very securely against and in close contact with the
pipe, and the said pipe effectually stopped.
My Invention consists, thirdly, in stopping fractures or leakages in earthen-
ware pipes used for conveying water and gas, and for other purposes, by means
of circular clips or collars of earthenware or sheet iron, the said clips or collars
being made in halves. Into the space between the said clips or collars and
the exterior of the pipe I pour in a liquid state through a hole in the said
clips or collar the filling composition described in the Specification of Letters
Patent granted to me bearing date the Thirteenth day of April 1865, No. 1058
or other composition may be employed. When the fracture or fractures in
the pipe are small I cover them with a band or piece of india-rubber, gutta

page_text: percha, or leather, and fix it thereon by the semicircular clips described, the
filling composition between the clips or collar in this case being dispensed
with.
Having explained the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to describe,
with reference to the accompanying Drawing, the manner in which the same
is to be performed.
Figure 1 representa in elevation, and Figure 2 in cross section, a pipe to
which a connection made according to my Invention is applied; the drilling
apparatus which I use for drilling a hole in the said pipe is also represented
in Figure 1.
In making a connection according to my Invention I take two semicircular
straps or clips a, b, and fit them closely upon the pipe c to which the con-
nection is to be made. The said clips or collars a, b, are provided with
flanges d through which screws are passed, and the said clips thereby con-
pected together and to the pipe. A washer or ring of india-rubber or leather e
is interposed between the strap or half collar a and the pipe cat the top of the
said pipe where the connection is to be made. A screwed hole at fis made
in the top strap or collar, and a hole is also made in the washer e. The clips
or collars a, b, having been fastened on the pipe c, I connect the frame or
clamp h of the drilling apparatus to the pipe c, as represented in Figure 1,
and proceed to drill a hole through the pipe c, the drill i passing through the
holes described in the clip or collar a and washer f. I use with the drill an
inverted tundish or conical vessel k, the drill passing through a hole in the
summit of the said tundish, as represented in the Drawing. By the use of
the said inverted tundish or vessel k the water, when the drill has penetrated
through the pipe, is prevented from striking and wetting theworkman using
the drill. The hole having been drilled in the main pipe c a small pipe /
(see Figure 2) for the private supply is screwed into the screwed hole in the
clip or collar a, and the connection is completed and the pipe cstrengthened
at the part where the connection is made. Connections made in this way are
particularly applicable to earthenware pipes and to iron water pipes, but may
also be applied to gas pipes.
For drilling small holes in earthenware pipes, I prefer to use a drill of the
form represented in Figure 3, but when large holes are to be drilled, I first
use the drill, Figure. 3, and afterwards the drill represented in section and
The large drill, Figure 4, has a peg or
plan of under side in Figure 4.
stem m at bottom of the size of the cylindrical portion of the drill, Figure 3,
and the edge of the face of the large drill is provided with cutting teeth n, as
represented. After a hole has been drilled in the pipe by the use of the

page_text: drill, Figure 3, the drill Figure 4 is then used, the stem m being introduced
into the hole made by the drill, Figure 3. By drilling large holes in earthen-
ware pipes in this way, the liability of the fracturing of the said pipes is very
much diminished. My drilling apparatus may be used for drilling holes in
pipes of all kinds. The drill, Figure 3, may be used as a clearing punch, and
being circular prevents to a great extent the water coming out.
Figure 5 represents an arrangement for temporarilystopping or closing the
open ends of earthenware pipes. Near the end of the pipe q to be closed are
fixed two semicircular clips n, to which clips a rectangular strap or frame o,
carrying a strong screw p,is connected in the manner represented; upon the
open end of the pipe ga disk or valve of iron r is placed, the face of the said
iron valve being covered by a disks of india-rubber or leather. By placing the
valve' or disk r, s; against. the open end of the pipe and driving home the
screw p, the end of the said screw is made to bear forcibly against the said
valve and hold it in close contact with the end of the pipe, and thus effectually
stop or close the said pipe.
.
a is the
Figure6represents another arrangement for closing the ends of earthenware
pipes, in which the valve or disk is capable of turning upon a joint;
disk or valve for closing the end of the pipe b, the said valve being carried by
an arm or lever turning upon the centre c². The centre upon which the
arme turns is connected to the upper clip of the pair of clips d, d, fixed near
the end of the pipe b; the said clip also has connected to it the frame e,
through which the arm f from the upper end of the lever c.passes. The end
of the arm is screwed, and has upon it two screw nuts. g, h, for opening. or
closing the valve a. The screwed end of the armfpasses through a prolonged
part of the clips i fixed on the pipe b, the screw nuts g, h, being situated on
either side a collar kon.the said clips. By adjusting the screw nuts g,. h
the proper distance on the screwed end of the arm f the valve « may be
'raised so as to open the pipe 6 to the desired extent, or be depressed so as to
completely close the pipe.
Figure 7 represents in cross section, and Figure 8 in side elevation, my
arrangement for stopping fractures or leakages in earthenware pipes. Over
the fracture in the pipe b I place a collar.c, c, made in halves and connected
together by the screws.and nuts represented. Between the pipe and collar an
annular.. space d.is:left; the collar has an opening at top. After having
fixed the collar oc, over the fractured part of the pipe 6 in the manner
represented, I pour through the hole e into the space d between the collar
and pipe the filling.composition in a liquid state herein-before referred to, or
other filling composition; and fill the said space therewith; the fracture is

page_text: thus stopped, the collar c, c, forming a permanent part of the pipe. When
the fracture or fractures are small, I make the semicircular collars clip the
exterior of the pipe, a band or piece of india-rubber, gutta percha, or leather
being interposed between the pipe and collars, the said band being securely
fixed over the fracture or fractures by the said collars; clips or collars made
as described and represented may be used as ordinary collars.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not
limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawing, as the same may be varied without departing from
the nature of my Invention; but I claim as my Invention,―
Firstly, the arrangement of parts, herein-before described and illustrated in
the accompanying Drawing, for making connections to main pipes used for
conveying water and gas, and for other like purposes; also the arrangement
of the parts of the drilling apparatus, described and represented.
Secondly, the arrangements or combinations of parts, described and repre
sented in the accompanying Drawing, for stopping or closing earthenware
pipes used for conveying water and gas and for other like purposes.
Thirdly,the arrangement or combination of parts,described and represented
in the accompanying Drawing, for stopping fractures or leakages in earthen-
ware pipes and jointing the same, used for conveying water and gas and for
other like purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Forster Cotterill, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
CHARLES FORSTER COTTERILL. (L.S.)
Witness,
H. DE LESSERT,
Spinster,
11, Waterloo Road,
Wolverhampton.