AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAUSTIC ALKALINE LEES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Christopher James Thomas, Thomas Thomas, Herbert
Thomas, and Charles Thomas, all of the City of Bristol, Soap Manu-
facturers and Co-partners, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CAUSTIC ALKALINE LEES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Christopher James
Thomas, Thomas Thomas, Herbert Thomas, and Charles Thomas at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
18th November 1858.
We, CHRISTOPHER JAMES THOMAS, THOMAS THOMAS, HERBERT THOMAS, and
CHARLES THOMAS, all of the City of Bristol, Soap Manufacturers and Co-
partners, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAUSTIC ALKALINE LEES," to be as follows:-
We pump or pour the ordinary black ash liquor into a pan, to which we
add the necessary quantity of lime for caustizing such black ash liquor, we
then boil the black ash liquor and lime, at the same time forcing or causing
atmospherical air to pass through and amongst the liquor and lime in the pan,
by which operation the liquor is purified and caustized.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Christopher James Thomas, Thomas Thomas, Herbert
Thomas, and Charles Thomas in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th May 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHRISTOPHER
JAMES THOMAS, THOMAS THOMAS, HERBERT THOMAS, and CHARLES THOMAS, all
of the City of Bristol, Soap Manufacturers and Co-partners, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Christopher James Thomas, Thomas Thomas, Herbert Thomas, and
Charles Thomas, Her special licence that we, the said Christopher James
Thomas, Thomas Thomas, Herbert Thomas, and Charles Thomas, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Christopher
James Thomas, Thomas Thomas, Herbert Thomas, and Charles Thomas, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF CAUSTIC ALKALINE LEES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said Christopher James Thomas, Thomas Thomas, Herbert Thomas,
and Charles Thomas, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of
one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Thomas, on behalf of myself
and the said Christopher James Thomas, Herbert Thomas, and Charles
Thomas, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
'manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists in running or pumping the ordinary black ash
liquor of the proper specific gravity for causticizing into a pan or vessel, to
which we add the necessary quantity of lime for causticizing such black ash

page_text: liquor; we then boil the black ash liquor and lime, at the same time forcing
or causing atmospherical air, by preference, in finely divided streams, to pass
through and amongst the liquor and lime in the pan or vessel, by which
operation the liquor is purified and causticized.
We find that an agitator may be advantageously used in the pan or vessel
during the operation of boiling, and we would state, that we do not claim
separately the causticizing the liquor, nor the passage of air through and
amongst black ash liquor.
We claim the combination of the processes of purifying and causticizing by
one operation, instead of the present methods of purifying first and then
causticizing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Thomas, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the above-
named Thomas Thomas, in the presence
of
W. BRITTAN, Solicitor,
Bristol.
THOS. THOMAS. (L.B.)