Improvements in and relating to Door Locks.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 9th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 8th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 6th May, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Door Locks.
I, ALOYS REVILLIOD DE MURALT of 2 Rue des Granges, Geneva, in the
Republic of Switzerland, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention consists of an improved safety-device for locks which is essentially
composed of two distinct parts, liable to be used the one without the other but
being preferably used in combination with one another in view of rendering the
lock perfectly safe.
The said device is composed of the following two parts
First, Of a variable number of interchangeable plates of different shapes, com-
bined so as to form the box into which the key-bit turns or to form a part of the
bolt acted upon by the key and preventing the lock from being opened with a
key the bit of which has not exactly the form for which the said combination of
plates is made.
Second, Of a device intended to prevent the rotation of the key-box or key-nut
of the lock and which is only put out of action when that key for which the lock is
constructed is engaged into said key-box or key-nut.
In the accompanying drawings Figures 1 to 12 illustrate the first one of the
above mentioned part of the invention.
Figures 13 to 26 illustrate the second of the said parts.
In all the figures the same letters of reference refer to the same parts.
Figures 1 and 2 show a lock provided with the said box.
Figure 7 shows separately the 6 plates intended to form the box in which rotates
the bit of the key, said box being shown in Figs. 4 to 6.
I will now proceed to describe the nature of the first part of my invention.
The first plate a of the series of plates above mentioned is provided with an
entrance for the key and the last plate a' has a suitable hole into which engages
the pivot b of the rotating key-box or key-nut B.
The latter engages in the one or the other of the recesses d'or d' of the bolt D
according as the latter is locked or unlocked (Figure 2) and prevents the said
bolt D being displaced except by means of the key rotating the key-box or key-
nut B (Figure 1).
Between the above mentioned first and last plates a and a¹ there are provided a
number of suitably shaped intermediate plates a³, a³ a', as the central outcut of
which determinates the form which is to be given to the corresponding key. By
interchanging the same plates the lock may be rendered unable to be opened by
means of that key for which it was made, this being very useful in cases of the loss
of a key.
The box formed as described above may be screwed to the casing B of the lock.
In the Figures 1 and 2 it is fixed by means of a projection a" to the frame C¹ the
latter being provided with a series of notches intended to receive the said pro-
jection a". The purpose of this disposition is to allow the displacing of the key-
entrance with regard to the length of the lock, according to the special construction
of each door. The said disposition renders it necessary to have the length of the
bolt rendered adjustable for that purpose the said bolt is formed of two parts D
and D' the first of them, which is acted upon by the key, being provided with a
projection which engages one of the corresponding notches of the second
part D'. Figures 8 & 9 show the combination of a box a formed of several plates
as just described, with an adjustable casing formed of two parts C² and C³, said
parts may be screwed to one another in four different positions according to the
desired length of the lock. The one part D of the bolt is provided with four

page_text: suitable notches d' into one of which the said projection
part D of the bolt engages.
of the other or second
Figures 10 to 12 show the same combination of plates forming a part of the
bolt D' to which they are pivoted at d³ and which plays at same time as a catch
bearing upon the key-box or nut B.
a
The combined plates a are lodged in a suitable recess of the bolt D' and pivoted
to the same at d³. A spring d having as many independent blades as there are
plates a, presses the latter against the key-nut B. The edge of the said plates
being suitably shaped so as to form recesses a and a similar to those d and d of
the above described bolt D. Each plate a of said combination is further provided
with a suitable outcut or recess to allow the said plate to slide over a stud C* fixed
to the casing of the lock when placed into the suitable position by means of a
suitable key-bit, but only in that case:
If the key-bit is not exactly provided with those notches or projections for which
the combination of plates a has been made, said key will not be able to displace the
bolt D', the one or the other of the plates a pivoted to the same meeting with the
stud C herein above mentioned.
This disposition of parts causes the bolt to be acted upon horizontally by the
stud C and as the key acts upon the plates substantially in the midst of their
length the stroke of said plates may be a very large one this rendering the possibility
of having all the plates placed exactly in their opening position very difficult except
with an exactly adjusted key.
Figure 12 shows the same device as the Figs. 10 and 11 but in combination with
an adjustable casing C2, C3 similar to that of the Figs. 8 & 9.
I will now proceed to describe the second part of the invention as shown in the
Figs. 13 to 16.
A flat spring E, fixed at e to the box C of the lock, takes, when the key is
retracted out of the latter, the position in which one of its edges bears against the
slot or entrance of the key-box or nut B preventing thus any rotation of the latter.
Now when the key is pressed to top into the lock, its bit depresses the said spring E
to the level of the lower edge of the key-box or nut B (Fig. 6) thus allowing the
latter to be rotated, the said spring passing beneath the said lower edge of the box
or nut B as shown in Figure 15.
I sometimes use a somewhat different construction of the same device as shewn
in Figures 17 to 20. The spring E then acts by means of an intermediate piece E¹
upon the key-box or nut B said piece E' being a sort of bolt which engages a
corresponding notch of the said key-box or nut B.
The said intermediate piece E¹ has an entrance e¹ the bottom of which is formed
of two wedges in the sense of the axis of the key. When the latter is engaged
into the lock its bit slides upon the inclined plane of said wedge (Fig. 18) and
causes the depression of the spring E and the disengagement of the piece E' out of
the opening 6 of the key-box or nut B. Then the latter may be rotated at will by
the key.
In another construction shown in Figures 21 to 26 the spring E takes the form
of a spiral spring lodged together with the intermediate piece E¹ in the bolt D of
the lock. The said spring E presses the intermediate piece E' against the key-box
or nut B and tends to make the said piece E¹ engage with the recess 61 of said box
or nut B. This is the case when the lock is at rest and the key withdrawn.
There is provided in the recess of the box or nut B a small sliding intermediate
piece which withdraws the aforesaid intermediate piece E¹ out of the said recess 6"
when a bevelled projection on the key F engages a corresponding recess of the
box or nut B. Therefore, when the key is pushed into the lock, the intermediate
piece E is disengaged from the recess 6" of the key box or nut B which is then
free to be turned by the key.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Door Locks.
I, ALOYS REVILLIOD DE MURALT, of 2 Rue des Granges Geneva in the
Republic of Switzerland, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists of an improved safety-device for locks which is essentially
composed of two distinct parts, adapted to be used independently but being
preferably used in combination with each other, with the object of rendering the
lock perfectly safe.
The said invention comprises a variable number of interchangeable plates of
different shapes, combined so as to form the box in which the key-bit turns or to
form a part of the bolt acted upon by the key and preventing the lock from being
opened with a key, the bit of which is not exactly of the form for which the said
combination of plates is made.
The invention also comprises a device intended to prevent the rotation of the
key-box or key-nut of the lock and which is only thrown out of action when that
key for which the lock is constructed is engaged in said key-box or key-nut.
In the drawings left with my Provisional Specification I have shown how my
said invention may be conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figures 1 to 12 illustrate the interchangeable plates of different shapes.
The Figures 13 to 26 show the device for preventing the rotation of the
key box.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures of the
drawings.
Figures 1 and 2 show a lock provided with the said box..
Figure 7 shows separately the 6 plates intended to form the box in which
rotates the bit of the key E, said box being shown in Figures 4 to 6.
I will now proceed to describe the nature of the first part of my invention.
The first plate of the series of plates above mentioned is provided with an entrance
for the key and the last plate a' has a suitable hole into which engages the pivot b
of the rotating key-box or key-nut B.
The latter engages in the one or the other of the recesses d'or of the bolt D
according as the latter is locked or unlocked (Figure 2) and prevents the said
bolt D being displaced except by means of the key rotating the key-box or key-
nut B (Figure 1).
a
Between the abovementioned first and last plates a a' there are provided
number of suitably shaped intermediate plates a³, a³, a, a, the central recess of
which determinates the form which is to be given to the corresponding key. By
interchanging the same plates the lock may be rendered unable to be opened by
means of that key for which it was made, this being very useful in cases of the
loss of a key.
The box formed as described above may be screwed to the casing B of the
lock. In the Figures 1 and 2 it is fixed by means of a projection a" to the
frame C' the latter being provided with a series of notches intended to receive
the said projection a". The purpose of this arrangement is to allow the displacing
of the key-entrance with regard to the length of the lock, according to the special
construction of each door. The said arrangement renders it necessary to have
the length of the bolt made adjustable and for that purpose the said bolt is formed
of two parts D and D¹ the first, which is acted upon by the key, being provided
with a projection which engages one of the corresponding notches d' of the
part D
Figures 8 and 9 show the combination of a box a formed of several plates as
just described, with an adjustable casing formed of two parts C³ and C³, said parts.

page_text: may be screwed to one another in four different positions according to the desired
length of the lock. The part D of the bolt is provided with four suitable
notches d' into one of which the said projection of the part D¹ of the bolt
engages.
Figures 10 to 12 show the arrangement of tumblers forming a part of the 5
bolt D' to which they are pivoted at d³ and which acts at the same time as a catch
bearing upon the key-box or nut B.
The combined plates a are lodged in a suitable recess of the bolt D' and pivoted
to the same at d³. A spring d having as many independent, blades as there are
plates a, presses the latter against the key-nut B the edge of the said plates 'a
being suitably shaped so as to form recesses a and a similar to do and d' of the
above described bolt D. Each plate a of said combination is further provided
with a suitable recess to allow the said plate to slide over a stud C₁ fixed to the
casing g of the lock when placed into the suitable position by means of a suitable
key-bit, but only in that case.
If the key-bit is not exactly provided with those notches or projections for
which the combination of plates a has been made, said key will not be able to
displace the bolt D', the one or the other of the plates a pivoted to the same
meeting with the stud C hereinabove mentioned.
This arrangement of parts causes the bolt to be acted upon horizontally by the
stud, and as the key acts upon the plates substantially in the middle of their length,
the stroke of said plates may be a very large one, this rendering the possibility of
having all the plates placed exactly in their opening-position very difficult, except
with a very exactly adjusted key.
Figure 12 shows the same device as Figures 10 and 11 but in combination with
an adjustable casing C³, C³ similar to that of the Figures 8 and 9.
Referring now to the part of the invention shown in its elementary construction
in Figures 13 to 16.
A flat spring E, fixed at e to the box C of the lock takes, when the key is
withdrawn from the latter, the position shown in the Figures 13 and 14, in which
one of its edges bears against the slot or entrance of the key-box or nut B thus
preventing any rotation of the latter. Now when the key is pressed to the top in
the lock, its bit depresses the said spring E to the level of the lower edge of the
key-box or nut B (Figure 6) thus allowing the latter to be rotated, the said
spring passing beneath the said lower edge of the box or nut B as shown in
Figure 15.
Figures 17 to 20 show somewhat different construction of the same device.
The spring E acts by means of an intermediate piece E¹ upon the key-box or
nut B said piece E' being a sort of bolt which engages a corresponding notch b¹ of
the said key-box or nut B.
The said intermediate piece E' has an entrance e¹ the bottom of which is
formed of two wedges in the direction of the axis of the key. When the latter is
engaged in the lock its bit slides upon the inclined plane of said wedge (Figure 18)
and causes the depression of the spring E and the disengagement of the piece E¹
from the opening of the key box or nut B. The latter may then be rotated at
will by the key.
nut B.
-In another construction shown in Figures 21 to 26 the spring E takes the form
of a spiral spring lodged together with the intermediate piece E¹ in the bolt D of
the lock. The said spring E presses the intermediate piece E¹ against the key box
or nut B, and tends to make the said piece E' engage with the recess 6" of said box or
This is the case when the lock is at rest and the key withdrawn. There is
provided in the recess 6 of the box or nut B a small sliding intermediate piece
which withdraws the aforesaid intermediate piece E' out of the said recess 6"
when a bevelled projection on the key F engages a corresponding recess of the
box or nut B. Therefore, when the key pushed into the lock, the intermediate
piece E¹ is disengaged from the recess 6" of the keybox or nut which is then free
to be turned by the key.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a lock having a key-box or nut B a combination of plates a' a² a³,
substantially as shown and described with reference to Figures 1 to 7 of the
drawings.
2. In a lock having a key-box or nut B a combination of plates a pivoted to the
bolt D' and provided with recesses a and a substantially as shown and described
with reference to the Figures 10 to 12 of the drawings.
3. In a lock having a key-box or nut B the combination of the plates a with a
bolt D having recesses d' and a bolt D₁ having a projection d' and with a casing.
formed of two adjustable parts C and C substantially as shown and described
with reference to Figures 8 and 9 of the drawings.
4. In a lock having a key-box or nut B the combination of the latter with a
spring E substantially as described with reference to Figures 13 to 16 of the
drawings for the purpose specified.
5. In a lock having a key-box or nut B the combination of the latter with a
locking-piece E¹ engaging a suitable recess 6 or 6 of said box or nut B
substantially as described with reference to Figures 17 to 26 of the drawings for
the purpose specified.
Dated thin Oth I
_ 1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.