IMPROVED FLUIDS FOR THE REMOVAL AND PREVENTION OF INCRUSTATIONS IN STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER BOILERS OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR CLEANING IRON SURFACES, AND AS A LUBRICANT.
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Baldwin, of No. 13, Cross Street, Essex
Road, Islington, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVED FLUIDS FOR THE REMOVAL AND PREVENTION OF
INCRUSTATIONS IN STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER BOILERS OR APPARATUS FOR
HEATING WATER, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR CLEANING IRON SURFACES, AND AS
A LUBRICANT.
"
Sealed the 1st March 1872, and dated the 4th September 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Baldwin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th September 1871.
I, HENRY BALDWIN, of No. 13, Cross Street, Essex Road, Islington,
in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVED FLUIDS FOr the Removal AND PREVENTION OF
INCRUSTATIONS IN STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER BOILERS OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING
WATER, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR CLEAning Iron SurfaCES AND AS ▲ LUBRICANT,” to
be as follows :—
My Invention consists in the preparation and use of two improved
fluids one of which is intended for the removal of incrustations in steam
boilers and other boilers or apparatus for heating water, while the other

page_text: ..
is intended to prevent the formation of incrustations in new or clean
boilers or apparatus as aforesaid.
То prepare the first named fluid, which I will term fluid No. 1, I take
.40 parts of perchloric acid, 10 parts of oxide of nitrogen, 10 parts of
oxalic acid, two parts of caramel, one part of pure oil, by preference E
African oil, and 38 parts of distilled water, the solids being computed
by weight in pounds, and the liquids by measure in gallons. The first
three above named ingredients are mixed with the distilled water, adding
afterwards the caramel and oil, when the fluid will be ready for use.
To prepare the second above named fluid, which I will term fluid 1
No. 2, I take 80 parts of salt of wormwood, 10 parts of hydrochlorato
of ammonia, one part of oil, by preference oil of almonds, one part of
carbolic acid, and 50 parts of distilled water. The first three ingredients
I dissolve in the distilled water in a suitable vessel heated to about 80°
Fahrenheit, and after they have dissolved I add the carbolic acid and .1
oil; the fluid is then ready for use.".
-
"In employing the above described fluids I proceed in the following
manner: For removing the incrustation in boilers I'introduce directly
into the boiler after it has been washed out and refilled fluid No. 1 in the
proportion of 10 gallons of the fluid to every 100 gallons capacity of the 2
boiler, allowing the boiler to stand at least one hour after the intro-
duction of the fluid before getting up steam. After fluid No. 1 has been
in the boiler about 48 hours, I introduce into the feed-water tank of the
boiler fluid No. 2 daily in the proportion of about 10 gallons of the fluid
to every 100 gallons capacity of the boiler. When by the above means 2
tho old incrustation has been removed the use of fluid No. 1 is
discontinued.
For preventing incrustation in new or clean boilers fluid No. 2 alone
is used in the above-described manner and proportions.
I do not bind myself to the precise combinations of ingredients for 30
the two fluids nor to the proportions thereof herein-before mentioned, .
as these may be varied according to the nature of the impurities in.
the water to be acted upon and to the purposes for which the boiler is
employed. Thus when the boiler is used for other purposes than for
generating steam the oil may be omitted from the fluids, though these 8t
will act more advantageously if the oil is added. By the use of the said
fluids the incrustation which is so detrimental to the proper action as"!
i

page_text: also to the safety of the boilers is effectually and speedily removed and
the formation of fresh incrustations prevented, and this without any
injurious action being exercised by the fluids upon the metal of the
boiler.
The aforesaid fluids may also be employed with advantage for cleaning
iron surfaces, such as iron plates and wire, preparatory to the galvanizing,
tinning, and such like processes, and the fluid No. 2 may also be
employed as a lubricant in drilling holes in metals.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Baldwin in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 4th March 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
BALDWIN, of No. 13, Cross Street, Essex Road, Islington, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing dato the Fourth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Henry Baldwin, Her special licence that
I, the said Henry Baldwin, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Henry Baldwin, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others;
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED FLUIDS FOR THE
REMOVAL AND PREVENTION OF INCRUSTATIONS IN STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER BOILERS
OB APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR CLEANING IRON SURFACES
AND AS A LUBRICANT," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Henry Baldwin, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Baldwin, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof; that is to say —
My Invention consists in the preparation and use of two improved 5
fluids, one of which is intended for the removal of incrustations in
steam and other boilers or apparatus for heating water, while the other
is intended to prevent the formation of incrustations in new or clean
boilers or apparatus as aforesaid.
To prepare the first named fluid, which I will term fluid No. 1, I take 1
40 parts of perchloric acid, 10 parts of oxide of nitrogen, (that is to say,
the fluid commercially known by that name and composed of 5 equivalents
of oxygen to 2 of nitrogen,) 10 parts of oxalic acid, 2 parts of caramel, |
1 part of pure oil, by preference African oil, and 38 parts of distilled
water, the solids being computed by weight in pounds, and the liquids 1
by measure in gallons. The first three above named ingredients are
mixed with tho distilled water, adding afterwards the caramel and the
oil, when the fluid will be ready for use.
To prepare the second above named fluid, which I will term fluid
No. 2, I tako 80 parts of salt of wormwood, 10 parts of hydrochlorate 2
of ammonia, 1 part of oil, by preference oil of almonds, 1 part of carbolic
acid, and 50 parts of distilled water. The first threo ingredients I
dissolve in the distilled water in a suitable vessel, heated to about 80°
Fahrenheit, and after they have dissolved I add the carbolic acid and
oil. The fluid is then ready for use.
$
2
In employing the above described fluids I proceed in the following
manner: For removing the incrustation in boilers I introduce directly
into the boiler after it has been washed out and refilled fluid No. 1 in
the proportion of 10 gallons of the fluid to every 100 gallons capacity
of the boiler, allowing the boiler to stand at least one hour after the 3
introduction of the fluid before getting up steam. After fluid No. 1
has been in the boiler about 48 hours, I introduce into the feed-water
tank of the boiler fluid No. 2 daily in the proportion of about 10 gallons
of the fluid to every 100 gallons capacity of the boiler. When by the
above means the old incrustation has been removed the use of fluid 3
No. 1 is discontinued.
For preventing incrustations in new or clean boilers fluid No. 2 alone

page_text: I do not bind myself to the precise combinations of ingredients for
the two fluids nor to the proportions thereof herein-before mentioned,
as these may be varied according to the nature of the impurities in
the water to be acted on and to the purposes for which the boiler is
employed. Thus when the boiler is used for other purposes than for
generating steam, the oil may be omitted from the fluids, though these
will act more advantageously if the oil is added. By the use of the said
fluids the incrustation which is so detrimental to the proper action as
also to the safety of the boilers is effectually and speedily removed, and
the formation of fresh incrustations prevented, and this without any
ingurious action being exercised by the fluids on the metal of the boiler.
The aforesaid. fluids may also be employed with advantage for
cleansing iron surfaces, such as iron plate and wire previously to the
galvanising, tinning, and such like processes; and the fluid No. 2 may
also be employed as a lubricant in drilling holes in metals..
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and in what
manner the same is to bo performed, I claim,―
4
First. The use of fluid No. 1 substantially as above described for
removing incrustations from boilers.
'
Second. The use of fluid No. 2 substantially as above described for
preventing incrustations in boilers.
Third. The use of fluid No. 1 and afterwards of fluid No. 2 sub-
stantially as above described for cleansing boilers from incrustation
and keeping them clean..
Fourth. The use of the fluids substantially as above described for
cleansing iron surfaces.
Fifth. The use of fluid No. 2 substantially as above described as a
lubricant.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Baldwin, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and soventy-two.
ווזגגות
HENRY BALDWIN. (L.S.)
1