Improvements in Apparatus for Mixing or Beating Cakes, Sponges, Liquid or Semi-liquid Substances, or the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Mixing or Beating Cakes, Sponges,
Liquid or Semi-liquid Substances, or the like.
I, THOMAS MORTON, of Belhaven Works, Wishaw, in the County of Lanark,
Master Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to machines made specially for beating, mixing or in-
corporating the mixtures or batters in the manufacture of sponges, cakes, &c.,
but may be used with advantage for mixing, beating, or incorporating any liquid
or semi liquid substances or the like. The invention consists of a suitable vessel
into which is fitted a beater, or sets of beaters, somewhat similar to those already
well known in the baking and confectionery trades, but whereas these machines
in use up to the present time were mounted in a frame, which had lugs or pro-
jections formed at the top sides, and the said lugs or projections fitted into
recesses formed or fixed on the vessel, so that when the frame carrying the beater
was let down into the vessel the lugs on the said frame dropped into the recesses
on the vessel and so held the beater in its proper position, but owing to no satis-
factory provision being made for holding the beater rigidly on to the driving
spindle, the arrangement was not satisfactory, and my invention is designed to
provide suitable means of fixing and withdrawing the beaters easily, and at the
same time provide means for holding the beater securely in its proper position,
and also to provide means whereby the frame or hanger in which the beaters
are suspended shall not only be more convenient, but shall be stronger and more
satisfactory in every way than those previously in use, and to attain this I do
make the beater, frame or hanger, driving spindle or shaft, and other parts all
as hereinafter described.
The frame or hanger in which the beaters are suspended shall have its ends
bored so that it may receive the beaters, but at the particular end in which the
beater revolves i.e. that end which is next the driving spindle when at work, I
do cut away only part of the thickness of the metal forming the journal, in which
the beater revolves, so that the lower end of the frame or hanger and the recessed
end of the beater may pass over the inwardly projecting end of the driving shaft
or spindle, but instead of cutting the end of the hanger completely through as
heretofore I do preferably leave part of its thickness, and the said part which
is left acts as a tie bar or distance piece, and connects the two ends of that part
of the hanger which forms the journal or bearing for the beater, and by leaving
the ends thus connected they are prevented opening out as was the case in older
patterns. Although it would be preferable to form the distance piece or tie bar
as above described, it may be formed separately and fixed on to the ends of the

page_text: frame or hanger by rivetting, brazing, soldering, or any other suitable means,
and the said tie bar may be formed so that it shall go partly or completely round
the end of the frame or hanger or it may simply reach from and connect the two
ends of that part of the frame or hanger which forms the journal in which the
beaters revolve.
In order that the beater may drop down into the proper position for working
and while at work be held securely, I do make the beater of a length slightly
less than the diameter of the vessel in which it works, and at that end which
shall connect on to, and be driven by the driving spindle of shaft, I do form a
recess which shall correspond to the inwardly, projecting end of the aforesaid
driving spindle, and do arrange the separate parts so that after the beaters have
been lowered into their proper position, they shall be pushed on to the end of
the driving shaft or spindle; by means of a thumb screw or pinching pin, fixed
at the side of the vessel opposite to that on which the gearing is fitted, or by other
means and the end of the driving spindle fitting into the corresponding recess
in the end of the beaters and held there by means of foresaid thumb-screw,
pinching pin, or other means, the end of the beaters next the driving spindle or
shaft is held securely at the driven side, by the interlocking of the projection
on the end of the driving spindle, and the corresponding recess in the beater and
thereby held firmly in position.
At the inner side of the vessel opposite to that on which the gearing is fixed
there is a projection which forms a stop for the hanger so that when the beater
is lowered into the vessel it shall come down to and rest in or on the said projection
or stop which shall determine the depth to which the beater shall descend, and
may also be formed of such a shape that it will serve for a supporting socket
and thereby be the means of steadying the end of the beater on that particular
side which rests in it.
The aforementioned frame or hanger which carries the beáter is made prefer-
ably in one part, but may be formed of different parts fitted securely together.
and the said hanger shall be made of a form which shall form a grating, grid,
or perforated plate, and by being so made it shall to a certain extent help to beat,
mix, or incorporate the mixtures and shall prevent the possibility of any lumps
or large pieces that may be in the mixtures being carried over the top and
round with the beaters until such lumps or large pieces have been reduced to a
size sufficiently small to allow them to pass through the grating, grid, or perforated
plate forming part of the abovementioned frame or hanger, in which the beater
is suspended, and the said frame or hanger shall have the top part of it formed
so that it may serve for a handle by which the frame or hanger, and also the
beaters which are carried or suspended in the said frame or hanger may be easily
caught hold of and lifted out of or let into the vessel in which they fit. The recess
which is formed on the end of the beater and into which the end of the driving
spindle fits, shall have part of its length sunk lower than that part of the end
at which the driving spindle enters, so that when the beater has been let down
into position and held forward on to the driving spindle, the end of the said
driving spindle fitting into that part of the beater which is sunk or recessed and
held there by means of the aforementioned pinching pin, thumbscrew or other
means. It is impossible for the beater to get out of its proper working position,
and by the same means the beater is held and supported immediately at that
part which is driven and is therefore steadier and more efficient than heretofore.
I do preferably make the whole arrangement as above described, but the driving
arrangement may be reversed i.e. having the projection on the end of the beater,
and the recess on the end of the driving spindle.
Dated this 30th day of June 1897

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Mixing or Beating Cakes, Sponges,
Liquid or Semi-liquid Substances, or the like.
I, THOMAS MORTON, of Belhaven Works, Wishaw, in the County of Lanark,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to machines made specially, for beating, mixing, or in-
corporating the mixtures or batters in the manufacture of sponges, cakes, &c.,
but may be used with advantage for mixing, beating or incorporating any liquid
or semi liquid substances, or the like. The invention consists of a suitable vessel
into which is fitted a beater or sets of beaters somewhat similar to those already
well known in the baking and confectionery trades, but whereas these beaters
in use up to the present time were mounted in a frame which had lugs or pro-
jections formed at the top sides, and the said lugs or projections fitted into
recesses formed or fixed on the vessel so that when the frame carrying the beater
was let down into the vessel the lugs on the said frame dropped into the recesses
on the vessel and so held the beater in its proper position, but owing to no satis-
factory provision being made for holding the beater rigidly on to the driving
spindle, the arrangement was not satisfactory and my invention is designed to
provide suitable means of fixing and withdrawing the beaters easily, and at the
same time provide means for holding the beater securely in its proper position,
and also to provide means whereby the frame or hanger in which the beaters
are suspended shall not only be more convenient, but shall be stronger and more
satisfactory in every way than those previously in use, and to attain this I do
make the beater, frame or hanger, driving spindle or shaft, and other parts all
as hereinafter described.
The frame or hanger B in which the beaters C are suspended shall have its
ends bored so that it may receive the beaters C but at the particular end D in
which the beaters revolve i.e. that end which is next the driving spindle E when
at work, I do cut away only part of the thickness of the metal forming the bearing
in which the beaters C revolve so that the lower end of the frame or hanger B
and the recessed end of the beaters C may pass over the inwardly projecting
end of the driving shaft or spindle E. But instead of cutting the end of the
hanger B completely through as heretofore I do preferably leave part of its thick-
ness, and the said part which is left acts as a tie bar or distance piece F and
connects the two ends of that part of the hanger B which forms the bearing for
the beaters C and by having the ends thus connected they are prevented opening
out as was the case in older patterns. Although it would be preferable to form.
the distance piece or tie bar as above described and shewn on Figures 1 and 2
of the accompanying drawings, it may be formed separately and fixed on to
the ends of the frame or hanger by rivetting as in Figure 4, brazing soldering
or any other suitable means, and the said tie bar may be formed so that it shall
go partly, as in Figure 4 or completely round as in Figure 3 the end of the frame
or hanger or it may simply reach from and connect the two ends of that part of
the frame or hanger B which forms the journal G in which the beaters C revolve.
In order that the beaters may drop down into the proper position for working
and while at work be held securely I do make the beaters C of a length slightly
less than the diameter of the vessel A in which they work, and at that end which
shall connect on to and be driven by the driving spindle or shaft E. I do form
a recess which shall correspond to the inwardly projecting end of the aforesaid
driving spindle E, and do arrange the separate parts so that after the beaters

page_text: have been lowered into their proper position they shall be pushed on to or against
the end of the driving shaft or spindle by means of a thumb screw or pinching
pin H fixed at the side of the vessel A opposite to that on which the gearing is
fitted or by other means, and the end of the driving spindle E fitting into the
corresponding recess in the end of the beaters C and held there by means of fore-
said thumbscrew, pinching pin H or other means, and the end of the beaters C
next the driving spindle or shaft E is held securely at the driven side by the
interlocking of the projection on the end of the driving spindle E and the corre-
sponding recess in the beaters C and thereby held firmly in position.
At the inner side of the vessel opposite to that on which the gearing is fixed
there is a projection I which formis a stop for the hanger B so that when the
beaters C are lowered into the vessel they shall come down to and rest in or on
the said projection or stop I which shall determine the depth to which the beaters C
shall descend, and the projection may be formed of such a shape that it shall
serve for a supporting socket and thereby be the means of steadying the end of the
beaters C on that particular side which rests in it.
The aforementioned frame or hanger which carries the beaters is made preferably
in one part but it may be formed of different parts fitted securely together and
the said hanger B shall be made of a form which shall form a grating, grid, or
perforated plate and by being so made it shall to a certain extent help to beat,
mix, or incorporate the mixtures and shall prevent the possibility of any lumps
or large pieces that may be in the mixtures being carried over the top of and
round with the beaters C until such lumps or large pieces have been reduced to
a size sufficiently small to allow them to pass through the grating, grid, or
perforated plate forming part of the above mentioned frame or hanger B in which
the beaters C are suspended, and the said frame or hanger B shall have the top
part of it formed so that it may serve for a handle by which the frame or hanger
and also the beaters C which are carried or suspended in the said frame or
hanger may be easily caught hold of and lifted out of or let into the vessel A
into which they fit. The recess which is formed on the end of the beaters C
and into which the end of the driving spindle E fits shall have part of its length
sunk lower than that part of the end at which the driving spindle E enters so
that when the beaters C have been let down into position and held forward on to
the driving spindle E the end of the said driving spindle fitting into that part
of the beaters which is sunk or recessed and held there by means of the said
pinching pin, thumbscrew H, or other means, it is impossible for the beaters to
get out of their proper working position and by the same means the beater is
held and supported immediately at that part which is driven and is therefore
steadier and more efficient than heretofore.
I do preferably make the whole arrangement as above described but the driving
arrangement may be reversed i.e. having the projection on the end of the beater
and the recess on the end of the driving spindle.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. Forming the end of the hanger or frame with tie bar or connecting piece
to prevent the ends opening out.
2. The method of carrying and holding the beater in position.
3. The combination of the different parts forming the hanger or frame as herein
described.
די