Machine for the Manufacture of Paper Bags.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Dec., 1896-Accepted, 6th Mar., 1897
Machine for the Manufacture of Paper Bags.
I, HERMANN HÖLSCHER, of Lengerich, Westphalia, Prussia, German Empire,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a machine for the manufacture of paper bags with a
square folded bottom, the essential features of which are as follows.
A paper strip, after having been drawn from a roll and provided along one edge
with cementing material in the known manner, and then bent together over a
template to a tubular form, such tube is drawn forward between two rollers that
only act in one direction of rotation, whereupon a finger receiving both vertical
and horizontal to and fro motion enters the tube and forms the first part of the fold
for the bottom.
The tube, having this fold formed thereon, is then pushed a certain distance
farther forward by the rollers, and is cut off at its rear end; the length thus formed
is led by suitable bands on to a drum on which the application of the paste to the
bottom and the creasing or indenting of the corners by means of suitable devices is
effected; the corners are then folded over by another special device, and the
finished paper bag is conveyed out of the machine by a special transporting
device.
The advantages of this new machine as compared with existing constructions
consist mainly in a peculiar simplified construction and action of the separate
mechanisms serving to form the bottom of the bag, and in the possibility of
producing a considerable number of different sizes by a ready adjustment of the
necessary parts.
The accompanying drawings shew a practical construction of the said machine.
Figures 1 and 2 shew respectively a side elevation, and a plan of the same, the
new constructions being limited to the parts to the left of the lines I-I and
II-II.
Figures 3 and 4 shew a part of these views to an enlarged scale,
Figure 5 is a cross section on line 5-5 Figure 3, with omission of certain of the
parts;
Figure 6 shews to an enlarged scale the forming plate with finger for forming
the fold &c.;
Figures 7 and 8 shew a ratchet device;
Figures 9 to 18 shew various detached details of the device for applying the
paste to the bag bottom, as also the creasing and folding over of the corners, and
Figures 19 and 194 shew the various stages through which the paper tube passes,
in its transformation into a bag with square folded bottom.
When the paper strip drawn from the roll à has been coated with cement in the
known manner, as indicated at the part of the machine beyond the lines II and
II 11, it is bent over the template 6 to form a tube, and is then seized by the
rollers c¹² and drawn forward a certain length by a step-by-step motion.
These rollers receive their motion from the disc d on the shaft do in the front
part of the machine, through the rod d', the toothed sector e pivotted at eº, and the
intermediate wheel e'. The shaft do receives its motion from the main shaft j
through the toothed wheels 1, j', and . The toothed sector e is consequently

page_text: moved to and fro by the rotation of the disc d, through the rod d', and effects by
means of the intermediate wheel e', the rotation of the rollers and c in one
direction or the other.
When the sector and rollers c¹ c2 turn in the direction of the arrow 1, the latter
draw the paper tube forward.
In order to prevent the rollers from carrying the tube backwards when they
revolve in the contrary direction, the upper rollers el are raised during the
commencement of such motion. For this purpose these rollers c'e' are mounted
on the two arms that are carried loose on the shaft f', and are provided at their
rear ends with rollers by means of which they bear upon discs g having a recess g',
that are fixed on the shaft d° (see also Figures 3 and 4). The arms ff are
consequently moved up and down by the discs g, the upward motion of the front
ends carrying the upper rollers e' being effected as soon as the roller begins to
be turned backward by means of the sector e and intermediate wheel e', so as to
prevent the paper tube from taking part in such motion.
When the rollers el e have pushed the tube forward a certain distance, the latter
passes between the shears 2, in order to be cut off thereby at the commencement
of the bag-forming operation.
These shears consist of a fixed part à' and a moveable part 2, the latter being
mounted on the axis and receiving its motion from an excentric i fixed on the
shaft and having its rod attached to h² as shewn at Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5. The
shaft is driven by shaft d through the bevil wheels and the cut is effected
when the rollers ce are raised, that is, while the paper tube is stationary.
The formation of the first part of the bottom of the paper bag is mainly effected
by the finger m, shewn separately at Figure 6, which is mounted on the moveable
axis m of a slide m², connected to the toothed sector e by means of a rod m³, so
as to partake of the motion of the sector.
While the paper tube is pushed by the rollers c 2 over the head 6 of the
template, the finger m moves forwards, that is, towards the delivery end of the
machine, and only returns when the said rollers have completed the forward motion,
that is, when the head 6 of the template is entirely situated within the paper tube,
the cemented seam being then lowermost and the paper tube projecting somewhat
beyond the fixed part of the shears.
During the time when the moveable part A of the shears is in operation for
effecting the cut, the finger mi will have approached to such an extent that, after
has made room, it can slide into the paper tube. To facilitate this entrance the
head of the template carries the springs & Figures 2 and 4, which always
hold the paper tube open in front.
The forming of the folded bottom is effected after the cutting off of the front
end of the paper tube beyond the head & of the template b." As shewn more
particularly in Figures 2, 4, and 6, there is, above the template b, carried by the
rods and adjustable with these, a sheet metal plate 6', rotatable at , and lying
with its sharpened frout edge exactly over the edges of the head . This plate
is raised by means to be presently described during the forward motion of the
paper tube, in order to allow this to pass free, but during the folding of the bottom
it is pressed firmly on the template b.
When the finger m is raised, it pushes the paper in front of it, lays it over the
sharpened edge of the plate 64, and forms in this manner the first part of the
bottom, as indicated at 6 Figure 19. At the end of its motion the finger m falls
back into the straight position.
The upward motion of the finger m is effected by the roller n mounted on the
arm carried by the shaft 2 and actuated by the cam p. (See Figures 1 to 4
and particularly Figure 5.) If, namely, the roller a moves downwards, it presses
against the arm o which is mounted together with the finger m on the moveable
axis m of the slide m, and finger m consequently moves upward; as already
stated, the plate & when forming the first bottom fold, lies across the head of
the template b, close against the same, but has to be raised as soon as the paper

page_text: tube requires to be pushed farther forward. For this purpose the levers & serve.
which are pivotally connected to the machine frame, which levers receive their
motion from the arms ff through the rods 66, and are pivotally connected to the
plate through the above-mentioned rods b, so that the up and down motion of
the plate is thus made to take place in the manner above stated.
When the finger in has reached its extreme position in the paper tube (to the
right hand on the drawing) the roller c will have come to a stand-still after its
rotation in the contrary direction to the preceding one, and at the same moment
the previously raised rollers el will descend upon c. When the finger m returns to
the forward position (that is, towards the delivery end of the machine) the paper
tube is also pushed forward by the rollers ce, and is at the same time held down.
by the finger m, until the rollers g gl have received it and pressed it together.
The upper roller q of the rollers g g' is divided, that is, it consists of two rollers,
that have a free space for the finger m between their inner ends. These two upper
rollers are situated, as shewn at Figures 3 and 4, upon axes that are rotatably
carried in the machine frame, and they are each driven by the lower roller g
through a toothed wheel q, Figure 8. The one toothed wheel g gears with an
intermediate wheel r, which receives motion from the toothed wheel of the lower
roller e, as shewn at Figures 1 and 3.
As the rollers and revolve alternately in opposite directions while the
rollers 9, 9, have to rotate in the same direction, the pinion' q gearing with the
intermediate wheel r, is mounted loose on the axis of the lower roller q', as shewn
at Figures 7 and 8, and has its boss formed with ratchet teeth which are engaged
with a pawl pivotted to the lower roller q' and acted upon by a spring 9.
When the rollers e revolve so as to feed the paper tube forward, that is, in the
direction of the urrow 1, Figure 1, the roller q, q', will also be rotated in the same
direction but during the reverse motion of the roller the pawl q* slides free
over the ratchet boss g of the loose wheel, so that the rollers q'q remain
stationary.
After the requisite length of paper tube provided with the first bottom fold has
been cut off by the shears h, 2, and it has left the rollers q', q it travels on the
bands to the drum t in the front part of the machine, in order to be provided
with cementing material, and, by the folding over of the corners, to be formed into
a bag with square bottom.
The rails Figure 2 arranged over the said bands guide the tube length on
its way to the drum t and prevent it from being shifted laterally.
The bands ss pass round the rollers st, s Figure 1 of which the front one receives
motion through an intermediate wheel from a toothed wheel fixed on the
shaft of drum t, and which, as already stated, imparts niotion to the shaft do.
Over the paper tube are situated two other bands Figures 1 and 14 which
prevent it from rising and hold it tight on the drum t, in passing round the same
in the direction of the arrows.
In order to enable the paper tube to be cut in various lengths, the rods d'
and mare connected adjustably to the sector e, so that the advance of the paper
tube and the motion of the finger can be changed. The application of the paste
to the folded bottom as also the creasing and folding over of the corners, is shown
at Figures 9 to 19.
Over the drum t is situated a roller u and over this is a brass roller v, which
latter projects partly into the paste trough to so as to take up paste therefrom.
The said rollers receive their motion from the toothed wheel through the
wheels and . The roller u carries the form pieces of brass, as shewn at
Figures 12 and 16 and, in addition, it has two projecting bars u and ² of which
uis fixed on the roller u, while the other, u', can move inwards towards the centre
of the roller axis, being carried by a pin u' that reaches to the axis uº.
When the roller u rotates, the bars u' and u³ would strike against the periphery
of the roller, so as to be stopped thereby, if there were no device to prevent
this. In order however that the bar u may find no obstacle in rotating, the

page_text: roller has at the corresponding point of its surface a recess of into which the
bar u can enter. The moveable bar u' on the other hand is pushed backward
when it comes in contact with the brass roller v, and thus also offers no obstacle.
In order to allow of this backward motion of the bar u the shaft u° of the
roller is hollow, and is filled by a solid shaft a which cannot revolve with the
hollow shaft, being fixed in the framing.
The shaft has, at the point where the pin u of the bar u bears against it, a
recess which is opposite the centre of the roller v. In consequence of the
arrangement of the fixed shaft u, the pin a and bar w can only move inwards
at the point of the recess to an extent equal to the projection of the bar "
beyond the periphery of the roller u.
u²
The form pieces lying against the bars take up cement in passing the
roller, and transfer the same to the bottom of the paper tube, while the bars
have the object of pressing the corners of the paper tube into the recesses
on the drum t, so as to crease them as indicated by the horizontal lines of e
Figure 19. When the cut-off length of tube has arrived at the middle of the
drum it is stopped by a pin a, Figures 17 and 18, until the bars have
arrived in the correct position opposite the previously formed bottom fold. At
this moment the pin a, which is fixed to the moveable lever a is raised by the
excentric; the length of paper tube can then travel onward with the drum t,
receives paste from the form pieces 3, and receives from the bars u and the
creases or indents shewn at Figures 19 and c Fig. 19.
The tube length is now sufficiently prepared to enable it to be closed so as to
form a bag with folded square bottom, this being effected by folding over and
pressing tight the corners in the following manner.
When the arm t' Figure 9 is moved upward, in consequence of its connection
with the excentric ton the hollow shaft u° as at Figures 9 and 10 it comes
in contact with the tube length and folds over the lower corner thereof, after
which it returns, again overtakes the tube length which has travelled forward,
and folds over the upper corner also. The corner first folded over does however
not adhere firmly, but springs back almost to its original position when the
arm has left it, and thus affords the possibility of the upper corner lying
under the lower one, as shewn at d and e Figure 19. The arin t¹ remains upon
the upper corner after having folded it over, until it arrives at the rod t³ against
which the lower corner bears so as to be pressed down over the upper one, after
which it is prevented from springing up again on the forward motion of the bag
by means of the band s2 passing round the drum y.
The finished paper bag is then seized by the delivery bands Figure 1 and
is led thereby over the drum y to a delivery table on which it is deposited
after having been again pressed together by the roller z.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A machine for the manufacture of paper bags with rectangular folded
bottoms, wherein a strip of paper coated in the usual manner with cementitious
matter and converted into tube-form on a template b, is first drawn forward by
a pair of rollers el e that are only operative in one direction, and is acted upon
at its front end by means of a laterally and vertically moveable finger m so as
to form the first bottom fold thereon, with the co-operation of a moveable
pressing plate over the head of the template 6, after which the required
length of the paper tube is cut off and is carried forward between guiding bands and
bars to a drum t on the periphery of which the corners of the bottom fold are
first creased or indented by pressing into a corresponding recess after which
they are coated with cement, and are pressed down by a rod t passing to and
fro over the drum, the finished bag being then subject to a final pressure and led
away by delivery bands substantially as described.

page_text: 2. In a machine for the manufacture of paper bags such as is referred to in the
first claim, the arrangement of the rollers ci for advancing the paper tube, of
which rollers the lower one is actuated by a toothed sector e through an inter-
mediate wheel el, which sector receives a to and fro motion from a revolving disc d
through a rod d', while the upper rollers are mounted on arms f pivoted at fo,
and acted upon by cams g iu such manner that they raise the rollers c' when the
lower roller rotates in the contrary direction to the advance of the paper tube,
substantially as described.
3. In a machine for the manufacture of paper bags such as is referred to in the
first claim, arranging the finger m for forming the first bottom fold of the paper
tube to receive its horizontal to and fro motion from a slide m' connected by a
rod m³ with the toothed sector e, while its up and down motion is derived from a
double arm n' rotatable on a shaft and actuated by a cam p, such double arm
being made to act by means of a roller n upon a lever e fixed on the rotatable
axis m' of the finger m while the movement of the pressing plate, which is pressed
tight on the paper tube while the fold is being made, is effected by means of arms f
and rods 3, substantially as described.
4. In a machine for the manufacture of paper bags such as is referred to in the
first claim, causing the cut length of paper tube having the bottom fold formed
thereon to be led by bands and guide rails to a drum to having recesses, where it is
pressed into the said recesses, for forming the creases or indents on the corners, by
means of bars ¹ u of which u¹ is radially moveable upon a roller u over the drum t,
while the bar u which is fixed upon u, is pressed into the recesses of the drum, form
pieces u³ also fixed on the roller u being made to take up cement from a roller vand
to transfer it to the bottom formed on the paper tube substantially as described.
5. In a machine for the manufacture of paper bags such as is referred to in the
first claim, effecting the folding over of the corners of the bag by means of a bar t
arranged transversely of the periphery of drum t and actuated by an excentric 2,
which bar at its upward motion bears against the cut paper tube, and folds over the
indented lower corner, then returns, and folding over the upper corner remains on
the same until the tube reaches a pressing device which again depresses the lower
corner on to the upper corner, and secures it thereon, substantially as described.
Dated this 12th day of December 1896.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.