AN I□PROVED DEVICE FOR IMPARTING TO TOOTHED WHEELS AND RACKS AND TO MECHANISM CONNECTED THEREWITH A VARIABLE RECIPROCATING MOTION
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Edward Harding, of the City and State
of New York, United States of America, now of No. 96, Newgate
Street, in the Oity of London, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of
"AN I□PROVED DEVICE FOR IMPARTING TO TOOTHED WHEELS AND RACKS
AND TO MECHANISM CONNECTED THEREWITH A VARIABLE RECIPROCATING
MOTION."
Sealed the 17th May 1870, and dated the 5th February 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Edward Harding
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 5th February 1870.
I, GEORGE EDWARD HARDING, of the City and State of New York,
5 United States of America, now of No. 96, Newgate Street, in the City
of London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED DEVICE. FOR IMPARTING TO TOOTHED WHEELS AND

page_text: RACKS AND TO MECHANISM CONNECTED THEREWITH A VARIABLE RECIPROCATING
MOTION," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to a wheel on whose periphery are formed a
series of circular projections or collars and grooves or channels. The
said wheel rotates on a shaft or axis, and its peripheral projections or
collars are designed to work in the spaces between the teeth of the
toothed wheel, rack, or other mechanism which is to be operated by the
said rotating wheel. In order that the required reciprocating motion may
be imparted to the mechanism to be operated in either direction I make
a portion or segment or a number of such portions or segments of the
periphery of the wheel adjustable from side to side thereon, so that
portions of the projections or collars may be inclined laterally in either
direction, and act in the manner of a screw or worm upon the toothed
wheel or rack. The said adjustable portions form what I call switches,
which are pivotted to turn freely on the periphery of the wheel, and
when they lie in their central or neutral position the collars and grooves
are continuous around the wheel in planes rectangular to its axis or
shaft, but when the switches are inclined to either side of the wheel the
collars and grooves at the free end of the switch are brought in line with
those which are to the right or left of those which are in contact with
the projections and grooves at the pivotted end of the switch. For the
purpose of varying the extent of the motion of the reciprocating whicel
or rack I provide the adjustable portions of the periphery of the
operating wheel with small dogs or tumblers, which by means of stops
or other devices on the reciprocating wheel, rack, or other piece of 1
mechanism are operated to move the dog or tumbler on its pivot,
and thereby adjust the inclinable segment cither to its central position so
that the same will cease to act on the reciprocating toothed wheel,
rack, or other mechanism, or will incline it in the opposite direction,
and thereby reverse the motion of such mechanism. By varying the
form and arrangement of the adjustable parts or switches and the dogs
or tumblers, and by changing the position or number of the stops or
other devices for acting on the tumblers I can produce variations of
motion in a manner which will be found very advantageous for looms,
planing and shaping machines, milling machines, and other machinery a
where toothed racks or wheels are employed as a means of commu-
nicating reciprocating motion to certain parts of the mechanism. It is
obvious that by throwing the reversing stops or devices out of action a

page_text: continuous rotary motion in either direction may be imparted to a
toothed wheel or pinion, and by the proper adjustment of these stops the
rotary motion may be made continuous for a given time, or changed to
a reciprocating motion as desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Edward Harding in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th August 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
EDWARD HARDING, of the City and State of New York, United States
of America, now of No. 96, Newgate Street, in the Cty of London, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Quecu Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Edward Harding, Her special.
licence that I, the said George Edward Harding, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Edward
Harding, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agreo with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVED DEVICE FOR IMPARTING TO TOOTHED WHEELS AND
RACKS AND TO MECHANISH CONNECTED THEREWITH A VARIABLE RECIPROCATING
MOTION," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George
Edward Harding, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Edward Harding, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawing forming a part of this Specification :-
. My Invention relates to a wheel on whose periphery are formed a
series of circular projections or collars and grooves or channels. The
said wheel rotates on a shaft or axis, and its peripheral projections or
collars are designed to work in the spaces between the teeth of the
toothed wheel, rack, or other mechanism which is to be operated by the
said rotating wheel. In order that the required reciprocating motion
may be imparted to the mechanism to be operated in either direction
I make a portion or segment or a number of such portions or segments
of the periphery of the wheel adjustable from side to side thercon, so
that portions of the projections or collars may be inclined laterally in
either direction, and act in the manner of a screw or worm upon the
toothed wheel or rack. The said adjustable portions form what I call
switches, which are pivotted to turn freely on the periphery of the wheel,
and when they lie in their central or neutral position the collars and
grooves are continuous around the wheel in planes rectangular to its
axis or shaft, but when the switches are inclined to either side of the
wheel the collars and grooves at the free end of the switch are brought in
line with thoso which are to the right or left of those in contact with
the projections and grooves at the pivotted end of the switch. For the
purpose of varying the extent of the motion of the reciprocating wheel
or rack I provide the adjustable portions of the periphery of the operating
wheel with small dogs or tumblers, which by means of stops or other
- devices on the reciprocating wheel, rack, or other pieces of mechanism
move the dog or tumbler on its pivot, and thereby adjust the inclinable
segment either to its central position so that the same will cease to act
on the reciprocating toothed wheel, rack, or other mechanism, or will
incline it in the opposite direction, and thereby reverse the motion of
suah machanism
shewing the same geared in connection with a toothed wheel; Figure 2
is an edge view of the said cam wheel, with the switch inclined to 35
one side; Figure 3 is an edge view shewing the said switch in its central

page_text: or neutral position on the said wheel. Like letters indicate corres-
ponding parts in each of the Figures.
A is the cam wheel, which is fixed on a shaft B; a, a, a, are the
annular projections or collars formed around the periphery of the said
wheel; b is the adjustable portion or switch, which is fitted to turn on
a pin or pivot 6'; c is the tumbler or dog whereby the same is operated.
.
The toothed wheel O with which the cam wheel A is shown geared
may form part of a train of wheels, or an arrangement of mechanism to
which a variable reciprocating motion, as herein-before set forth, is
to be imparted. Instead of this wheel C in cases where a complete
revolution of any shaft wheel or axle is not required I may have a rack
or toothed segment 'geared in connection with the cam wheel A. Tho
stops & on the wheel C, as herein-before specified, reverse the action of
the mechanism by their action upon the tumbler or dog c, which when
struck by the said stops is turned on its pivot c¹ and reverses the incli-
nation of the switch b at each contact of the said tumbler with one of
the stops d. These stops are made adjustable to allow the length of the
reciprocating movements of the wheel C or of the rack or other device
substituted therefor to be longer or shorter as desired. They may also
when the wheel is used be turned altogether out of action. By varying
the form and arrangement of the adjustable parts or switches 6 and the
dogs or tumblers c, and by changing the position or number of the
stops & or other devices for acting on the tumbler I can produce
variations of motion in a manner which will be found very advantageous
for looms, planing and shaping machines, milling machines, and other
machinery where toothed racks or wheels are employed as a means of
communicating reciprocating motion to certain parts of the mechanism.
It is obvious that by throwing the reversing stops d or other devices out
of action a continuous rotating motion in either direction may be
imparted to a toothed wheel or pinion, and by the proper adjustment of
these stops the rotating motion may be made continuous for a given time
or changed to a reciprocating motion as desired.
Having thus fully described my said Invention, I wish it understood
that I claim, a cam wheel (with one or more annular projections or
collars, and with one or more adjustablo parts or switches, and dogs or
tumblers constructed and operating as lierein specified) arranged in

page_text: combination with a toothed wheel, rack, or segment for the purpose set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Edward Harding, have
hereunto set my hand and scal, this Third day of August, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
5
Witness,
W. ROB. LAKE.
GEORGE EDWARD HARDING. (L.S.)