Improvements in Pneumatic Door Checks and Combined Door Checks and Springs.
Year: 1886

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Door Checks and Combined Door
Checks and Springs.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK NEWMAN of the Firm of William Newman & Sons of
Hospital Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to means or apparatus, known as pneumatic door checks and
combined door checks and springs, whereby the slamming of doors, on the closing of
the same is prevented, by compressed air cushioning a piston which moves with the
door as the same closes, thereby controlling its rate of motion at certain points and
preventing slamming; and ny said invention has reference to the attachment brackets,
or elevated supports situated at both ends of the apparatus.
In carrying out my invention when applied to a door check only, I take a barrel or
cylinder with enclosing caps at its two ends, and within the said cylinder a piston
moves to and fro on the opening and closing of a door, through the intervention of a
piston rod, which passes through the front cap and is attached at its extreme outer
end, to an upright bracket secured to the door. This bracket consists of an upright
central pillar with a T head base by which latter the bracket is secured to the door.
The upper end of the bracket is forked or formed with divided knuckles between which
a head on the end of the piston rod is jointed, with a pin passing through or across
the knuckles. This bracket is in a direct axial line with the cylinder. The other end
of the cylinder is provided with an upright bracket, jointed on one side of the cap, so
as to bring it out of a line with the cylinder; that is, the
cap is provided on its top
or underside, with a trunnion axis or joint arm, which works within a cylindrical
knuckle bearing, at the summit of the bracket, so as to admit of the cylinder and
other parts carried by it, making a horizontal movement, on the opening of a door, so
that the back end of the cylinder of the air check swivels horizontally upon an upright
bracket with a T base, which latter is secured to the outside frame of a door, while the
bracket at the other end is secured to the outside of the door; thus the direction of
the swivelling axis of the door frame bracket, is at right angles to the apparatus. The

page_text: swivelling trunnion arm aforesaid is secured within its side bearing on the top or
underside of the bracket by a headed pin whose screwed shank takes into the end of
the arm.
The back end of the cylinder is provided with the usual ogress and ingress valves or
air passages.
A separate or independent spring is always used in conjunction with a door check
herein before described, both of which always move and act in unison with each other.
Instead of employing a separate spring, a door check and spring may be combined
together in one apparatus.
Dated this Twenty fourth day of July 1886

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Door Checks and Combined Door
Checks and Springs.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK NEWMAN of the firm of Willian Newman and Sons of
Hospital Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
My invention relates to means or apparatus, known as pneumatic door checks and
combined door checks and springs, whereby the slamming of doors, on the closing of
the same is prevented by compressed air cushioning a piston which moves with the
door as the same closes, thereby controlling its rate of motion at certain points, and
preventing slamming; and my said invention has reference to the attachment brackets,
or elevated supports, situated at both ends of the apparatus.
In carrying out my invention when applied to a door check only, I take a barrel or
cylinder with enclosing caps at its two ends, and within the said cylinder, a piston
moves to and fro on the opening and closing of a door, through the intervention of a
piston rod, which passes through the front cap and is attached at its extreme outer end,
to an upright bracket secured to the door. This bracket consists of an upright central
pillar with a T head base by which latter the bracket is secured to the door. The
upper end of the bracket is forked or formed with divided knuckles, between which, a
head on the end of the piston rod is jointed, with a pin passing through or across the
knuckles. This bracket is in a direct axial line with the cylinder. The other end of
the cylinder is provided with an upright bracket, jointed on one side of the cap, so as
to bring it out of a line with the cylinder; that is, the cap is provided on its top or
underside, with a trunnion axis or joint arm, which works within a cylindrical knuckle
bearing, at the summit of the bracket, so as to admit of the cylinder and other parts
carried by it, making a horizontal movement, on the opening of a door, so that the
back end of the cylinder of the air check, swivels horizontally upon an upright bracket
with a T base, which latter is secured to the outside frame of a door, while the bracket
at the other end is secured to the outside of the door; thus the direction of the
swivelling axis of the door frame bracket, is at right angles to the apparatus. The
swivelling trunnion arm aforesaid, is secured within its side bearing on the top or
underside of the bracket, by a headed pin, whose screwed shank takes into the end of
the arm.
The back end of the cylinder is provided with the usual egress and ingress valves or
air passages.
A separate or independent spring is always used in conjunction with a door check
hereinbefore described, both of which always move and act, in unison with each other.
Instead of employing a separate spring, a door check and spring may be combined
together in one apparatus.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing, the
manner in which the same is to be performed.

page_text: Figure 1 represents in front elevation a door check, or a combined door check and
door spring, provided with improvements made according to my invention. Figure 2
is a back end elevation, and figure 3 is the same, partly in section; that is, the bushel
bearing, wherein the trunnion arm carried by the cylinder of the appliance, turns, is
shown in section. Figure 4 is a side elevation of the said bracket part, and a portion
of the barrel.
a is a barrel or cylinder, whose ends are enclosed by caps a², a², and within the said
cylinder, a piston moves to and fro, controlled by a piston rod b, whose outer end 6* is
jointed to the top portion of a standing up bracket c, secured by screws to a door d.
The upper end of the bracket is forked or formed into divided bearings, between
which, the extreme end 62 of the piston rod is jointed.
The other end of the barrel or. cylinder, or the back cap thereof, is provided with a
side arm or trunnion axis e, which works within the top, or the bearing near the top
of a side and upright bracket f, secured to the jamb or frame g of a door; and which
said bracket being crankly disposed, allows the appliance to turn upon a side joint
instead of an end joint as heretofore.
The trunnion arm e is kept to its bearing, and in position, by a screw end e³, taking
into the inside of the trunnion arm or side axis of the joint.
By providing door checks, or combined door checks and springs with side brackets,
or side bearings, wherein a side axis or arm is jointed, the appliances aforesaid, admit
of being applied or used in almost any position, as circumstances require.
I am aware of the prior patent granted to Robert Adams dated March 30th 1886
No. 4447 and 1 do not claim anything described and claimed in the Specification of
that patent, and in particular I do not claim the apparatus as shewn and described
with reference to figure 35.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is-
Making one end, or the back end of a pneumatic door check, or a door spring, or a
combined door spring and door check, turn upon a side joint, arm or pivot, working
within the bearing of a side bracket, or the side bearing of a bracket, which lies out
of the axial line of the barrel of the appliance, substantially as described and set forth.
Dated this Sixth day of April 1887.
GEORGE FREDERICK NEWMAN.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.