IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LINT FOR SURGICAL, MEDICAL, AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Chilver Tupper, of Victoria Street, West-
minster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
LINT FOR SURGICAL, MEDICAL, AND OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 19th May 1871, and dated the 21st November 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Chilver Tupper
. at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 21st November 1870.
I, ARTHUR CHILVER TUPPER, of Victoria Street, Westminster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF LINT FOR SURGICAL, MEDICAL, AND OTHER PURPOSES," to
be as follows :-
This Invention consists in certain improvements in the manufacture
of lint to be used for surgical, medical, and other purposes, the object
being to produce a fabric presenting a series of apertures or open spaces
either square, circular, oval, triangular, diamond, or of other suitable
form, as may be desired.
:

page_text: The materials to be used in the manufacture may consist of cotton,
flax, hemp, wool, silk, and other suitable material, used singly or in
combination.
To effect these objects the warp of the loom is arranged of any
material required and of any desired number of threads. The weft
is composed of six threads for seven shoots of the shuttle and of
eight threads for the eighth shoot, but these numbers may be varied
according to the texture of the fabric. Of course the beat up must
be arranged by the proper traverse of the slay or batten and by the
take off roller worked by a ratchet or other suitable motion, by which
means the weft or shoot may be driven up in the warp to the exact limit
to leave spaces between each successive series of shoots. So also the
warp threads may be arranged in corresponding series or of a different
series; for example, six threads may be passed through consecutive
healds in the harness; then one or two healds may be left vacant and a
new series filled; or eight threads may be filled and then some may be
omitted.
The result of these arrangements of course must be that a network or
open fabric will be produced.
Now in order to produce various forms of open spaces a very simple
arrangement of jacquard may be employed in the temple of the loom, by
which means the warp threads may be raised as required to produce
oval or circular spaces, diamond forms, or triangular or other desired
openings.
In some cases it may be desirable to produce an internal surface of
fluff with a base or back of other fabric. This is easily accomplished by
an upper and under arrangement of warp threads to correspond with the
desired surfaces.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Arthur Chilver Tupper in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 19th May 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARthur
CHILVER TUPPER, of Victoria Street, Westminster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of November, in the 3

page_text: year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the
thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Arthur Chilver Tupper, Her special
licence that I, the said Arthur Chilver Tupper, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Arthur Chilver Tupper,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LINT FOR SURGICAL, MEDICAL, AND
OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Arthur Chilver Tupper, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what, manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arthur Chilver Tupper, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:
My Invention consists in certain improvements in the manufacture
of lint to be used for surgical, medical, or other purposes, the object
being to produce a fabric presenting a series of apertures or open spaces,
either square, circular, oval, triangular, diamond, or of other suitable
form, as may be desired.
The materials to be used in the manufacture may consist of cotton,
flax, hemp, wool, silk, or other suitable material or filaments, used
singly or in combination.
To effect the objects of the Invention the warp threads of the loom are
arranged of any material required, and of any desired number of threads;
the weft may be composed of six threads for seven shoots of the shuttle,
and of eight threads for the eighth shoot, but these numbers may be
varied according to the texture of the fabric. The beat up of the weft
threads must be arranged by the proper traverse of the slay beam or
batten, and by the take-off roller worked by a ratchet or other suitable

page_text: motion, by which means the weft or shoot may be driven up in the
warp to the exact limit to leave spaces between each successive series
of shoots. So also the warp threads may be arranged in corresponding
series or of a different series; for example, six threads may be passed
through consecutive healds in the harness, then one or other number t
of healds may be left vacant and a new series filled; or eight or other
number of threads may be passed through the lifting harness con-
secutively, and then some portion of the harness may be left without
threads, but the numbers of threads filled and left blank will depend
on the extent of the spaces and dimensions required for the lint.
The result of these arrangements of course must be that a network,
lattice, or open fabric will be produced, or as it will be commercially
known, a "lattice cloth."
Now in order to produce various forms of open spaces a very simple
arrangement of jacquard motion may be employed, by which means the
warp threads may be raised as required to produce oval or circular
spaces, diamond forms, or triangular or other desired openings; or the
jacquard motion may be dispensed with, and ordinary lifting and
lowering harness may be used, as in looms for plain or unfigured work.
The shuttles may also be placed in rising and falling shuttle boxes, as
used in some kinds of carpet looms.
In some cases it may be desirable to produce an internal surface of
fluff or
cut pile," called "velvet pile," with a base or back of other
fabric; this is easily accomplished by an upper and under arrangement
of warp threads to correspond with the desired surfaces.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be carried into practical effect, I would
remark in conclusion that I do not restrict myself to the arrangements
described in reference to the series of threads of the respective warps
and wefts, or to the method of beating up the wefts or shoots at
intervals, in order to leave spaces between the fabric so produced,
because it will be evident to any practical weaver that many modifi-
cations may be rendered applicable to looms for the production of
numerous varieties of openwork lint or lattice cloth, according to the
material, or combinations of materials, of which it may be composed;
neither do I restrict myself to the use of any particular textile or
fibrous materials or their combinations, whether animal or vegetable,
since the fabric will be made of various descriptions of fibres or

page_text: filaments, as experience may suggest; but what I claim and desire to
be secured to me by the herein in part recited Letters Patent are, the
improvements in the manufacture of lint, to be commercially known as
"lattice cloth," consisting of openwork or spaces between the warp
and weft threads, such openwork or spaces being of various desired
forms, however produced, substantially as herein specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Chilver Tupper, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
Witness,
ALEX. PRINCE,
Office for Patents,
4, Trafalgar Square,
Charing Cross.
ARTHUR C. TUPPER. (L.S.)