IMPROVEMENT IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN.”
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Buckley of Delph in the County of York,
Manufacturer, and James Hollingworth of the firm of Hutchinson, Holling-
worth and Co., of Dobcross in the County of York, Woollen Loom Makers
for an invention of "IMPROVEMENT IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN
APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Buckley and James
Hollingworth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th July
1882.
•
WILLIAM BUCKLEY of Delph in the County of York, Manufacturer, and JAMES
HOLLINGWORTH of the firm of Hutchinson, Hollingworth, and Co. of Dobcross 'in
the County of York, Woollen Loom Makers "IMPROVEMENT IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN.
"1
Firstly. This Invention has reference to the jacquard or peg-lag apparatus
employed in weaving fancy fabrics. Usually such apparatus is composed of one
cylinder carrying a chain of lags or cards in which are projecting pegs or holes
arranged according to the pattern intended to be woven. These pegs are caused to
strike against one end of the jacquard needles which sets in motion other well
known parts of apparatus for opening and closing the sheds. This construction of
apparatus is well adapted for some classes of weaving but when weaving
ornamental fabrics it is objectionable because when the pattern required altering,
the loom had to be stopped, and the lags around the cylinder changed for other lags
which would alter the pattern of the fabric and as this had to be done many times
in weaving one piece of fabric the loss of time occasioned by stopping the loom and
in exchanging the lags was very great. To overcome the objection of so frequently
changing the lags is the object of our Invention, which we accomplish by the
employment of two, three, or more cylinders each carrying a chain of lags pro-
vided with pegs all of which represent a different design. These cylinders are
carried by a swinging frame or bracket working upon a fulcrum which for purposes

page_text: hereinafter explained, is capable of sliding laterally in a slot formed in another
bracket fixed to the top part of the loom. In connection with the fulcrum of
the swinging frame are two links jointed together, the outer one working upon
a stud on a stationary bracket. When the pattern indicated by the lags on one of
the cylinders is complete and it is necessary to change the lags for an alteration of
pattern, instead of removing the lags from the cylinders as at present a fresh
cylinder provided with lags is brought into position. This is effected by a vertical
rod connected to the two links being raised by means of a hand lever which raises
the joint of the two links causing the fulcrum of the swinging frame to slide
backward laterally in its slotted bracket thereby withdrawing the pegs of lags out
of the way of the jacquard needles. A vertical lever connected to the swinging
frame carrying the cylinders is then moved in such direction either to the right or
left, as to place another of the cylinders with its lags opposite the jacquard needles.
The vertical rod which raised the joints of the links and withdrew the cylinder
from the needles is then operated in the opposite direction, causing the fulcrum of
swinging frame to slide back in its bracket and so place the fresh cylinder in the
required position for actuating the needles. When the cylinder is placed opposite
the needles the shaft ends thereof are placed in a notch of a bracket placed to
receive them by which they are kept steady and held in position until the pattern
is woven. Thus by employing two, three, or more cylinders provided with lags
and operated in the manner herein described the necessity of changing lags when
weaving is in many cases entirely avoided. In all cases where lags are referred to,
it will be understood that they may be substituted for cards, and where pegs are
mentioned, it must be understood that holes may be employed in conjunction with
cards.
Secondly. This Invention relates to the means of removing the pressure of the
finger from the shuttle box swell just before, the shuttle is sent out of the box so as
to reduce the power required to send the shuttle therefrom. For this purpose we
attach a lever to the stop rod of the loom, to one end of which is hinged another
lever having at its lower end an antifriction roller. This latter lever is so hinged
that in the backward motion of the slay the antifriction roller would come into
contact with a fixed plate or projection and move the first mentioned lever in such
manner as to operate the stop rod and consequently remove the pressure of the
finger off the swell and this is arranged to take place immediately before the picker
strikes the shuttle; on the return motion of the slay the friction roller would ride
over the fixed plate and not operate the stop rod.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Buckley and James Hollingworth in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 6th January 1883.
WILLIAM BUCKLEY of Delph in the County of York, Manufacturer, and JAMES
HOLLINGWORTH of the firm of Hutchinson, Hollingworth and Company (Limited)
of Dobcross in the County of York, Machine Maker. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
"
Firstly. This Invention has reference to the jacquard, or peg-lag apparatus
employed in weaving fancy fabrics.
Usually such apparatus is composed of one cylinder carrying a chain of lags or
cards in which are projecting pegs or holes arranged according to the pattern
intended to be woven
These pegs are caused to strike against one end of the jacquard needles which
sets in motion other well known parts of apparatus for opening and closing
the sheds.
This construction of apparatus is well adapted for some classes of weaving, but
when weaving ornamental fabrics it is objectionable because when the pattern
required altering, the loom had to be stopped, and the lags around the cylinder
changed for other lags which would alter the pattern of the fabric, and as this had
to be done many times in weaving one piece of fabric the loss of time occasioned
by stopping the loom and in exchanging the lags was very great.
To overcome the objection of so frequently changing the lags is the object of this
part of our Invention, which we accomplish by the employment of two, three, or
more cylinders each carrying a chain of lags provided with pegs all of which
represent a different design. These cylinders are carried by a swinging frame, or
bracket working upon a fulcrum, which for purposes hereinafter explained is
capable of sliding laterally in a slot formed in another bracket fixed to the top
part of the loom.
In connection with the fulcrum of the swinging frame are two links jointed
together, the outer one working upon a stud on a stationery bracket or connected
to the top lever for working the jacquard. When the pattern indicated by the lags
on one of the cylinders is complete and it is necessary to change the lags for an
alteration of pattern, instead of removing the lags from the cylinders as at
present, a fresh cylinder provided with lags is brought into position―This is
effected by a vertical rod connected to the two links being raised by means of a
hand lever, which raises the joint of the two links causing the fulcrum of the
swinging frame to slide backward laterally in its slotted bracket, thereby with-
drawing the pegs of lags out of the way of the jacquard needles.
A vertical lever connected to the swinging frame carrying the cylinders is then
moved in such direction either to the right or left, as to place another of the
cylinders with its lags opposite the jacquard needles. The vertical rod which
raised the joints of the links and withdrew the cylinder from the needles is then
operated in the opposite direction, causing the fulcrum of swinging frame to slide.
back in its bracket, and so place the fresh cylinder in the required position for
actuating the needles. When the cylinder is placed opposite the needles, the shaft
ends thereof are placed in a notch of a bracket placed to receive them by which
they are kept steady and held in position until the pattern is woven. Thus by
employing two, three, or more cylinders provided with lags and operated in the
manner herein described, the necessity of changing lags when weaving is in many
cases entirely avoided.
In order that this part of our Invention may be better understood, we herein

page_text: give reference to the accompanying Sheets of Drawings, wherein Fig 1 is front
elevation of so much of a Jacquard as is necessary to show the application of our
Invention. Fig 2 is right hand end view thereof, and Fig 3 is plan of same. 1 is
the top rail of the loom carrying the jacquard frame 2 and pegging wheel 3 the
.latter being carried by the sliding bar 27. 4 is a frame working upon a shaft 5
and carrying lag rollers 6 and pegging cylinders 7 for operating the needles 8 and
setting in motion well known mechanism for opening and closing the shed. 9 is a
bracket or lever capable of rocking upon the shaft 10 which is supported by
brackets fixed to the top rail of the Loom. The star wheel motion of a Jacquard
is well understood and need not be particularly described here, but it will be
sufficient to say that at each revolution of the pegging wheel 3 the peg 11 on the
said wheel enters one of the slots 12 in the star wheel 13 fixed on the end of the
pegging cylinder which is turned around thereby one fourth of a revolution, and
presents to the needles a fresh lag containing pegs or holes of a different character
according to the design intended to be woven. 14 and 15 are two short levers or
links hinged at one end upon studs 16 and 5 but connected together by pin 18 and
operated by vertical rod 19 and hand lever 20 when required. When the pattern
on one of the cylinders is complete and another cylinder with a fresh pattern is
required to be brought into position it is necessary to withdraw the star wheel
which has last been at work from contact with the pegging wheel 3 so as to leave
room for its removal, and for another star wheel to take its place, and this we
effect by lowering the bandle 20 and raising the rod 19. and links 14 and 15 as
shown in dotted lines whereby the shaft 5 which extends across the apparatus
with its square blocks 21 are slided laterally in slots 22 formed on the upper part
of the hinged brackets 9 bringing the frame 4 which supports the pegging
cylinders and star wheels with it, so that the weaver by placing the hand lever 23
into one or other of the notches 24 or 36 formed in the segment plate 25 will
bring another pegging cylinder opposed to the needles-In order to keep the
pegging cylinder which is opposed to the needles in proper position and perfectly
steady during the time it is working a notch 26 formed in the bar 27 is employed
into which the end of the star wheel shaft 28 is placed. This shaft end is with-
drawn by the lateral motion of the frame 4 and is introduced again when the parts
are moved in the opposite direction by raising the hand lever 20 and lowering the
connecting links 14 and 15.
. The notch 26 in the bar 27 is shown in detail in Fig 4.
To keep the pegging cylinders steady, and in position when they are not opposed
to the needles a circular plate 29 is placed on the end of the cylinder shaft 28
having notches formed on the periphery thereof into which a bowl 30 on the end
of the lever 31 is pressed by means of a spring 32, the said spring yielding when
the pegging wheel 3 turns the cylinder around. The oscillatory motion of the
cylinders which is necessary for the pegs therein to strike the needles at each
revolution of the loom, we obtain by means of a lever arm 33 which is keyed or
otherwise fastened on the shaft 10 and connected by link 34 to the oscillating top
lever 35 employed in operating the usual parts of the Jacquard by which means
the shaft 10 is caused to rock; thereby giving a too and fro motion to the cylinders.
It will thus be seen that when the top lever 35 is depressed, the arm 33 will also
be lowered causing the shaft 10 to rock on its centre, bringing the bracket 9,
frame 4, cylinders 6 and 7 and bar 27 with it from the needles, but, on the return
movement of the said lever and brackets, the cylinders will beat up towards the
Jacquard and the pegs which are on the lags will strike such needles as are
required to form the pattern of the material.
The action of the apparatus is as follows.
We will assume that the parts are working with the middle cylinder opposed
to the jacquard needles as shown on the Drawings, and that the pattern of the
cloth required another change which would be. produced by the bottom cylinder
being placed opposed to the needles. To do this the Weaver lowers the hand
lever 20, thereby lifting the rod 19 and the short. levers or links 14 and 15 the

page_text: former of which is fixed on stud 16 therefore as the joint 18 raises; the stud 5,
(carrying the frame 4 and cylinder 6 and 7) is slided laterally in the slot 22 thereby.
withdrawing the shaft end out of its socket 26 on the bar 27 and the star wheel
from contact with pegging wheel. The cylinders are thus free to be moved up or
down as required, the Weaver then removes. the vertical hand lever 23 on the
segment plate 25 and drops it into the notch 36 thereby placing the bottom
cylinder opposed to the needles; when this is done the lever 20 is raised and the
links 14 and 15 straightened. which puts the shaft end 37 into its steadying
socket and the star wheel in contact with the pegging wheel. The loom is then
allowed to proceed until another change in the pattern is required when the
operation is repeated. It will thus be seen by employing the form of apparatus
herein, shown and described that the frequent necessity of changing lags when
weaving is, in many cases entirely avoided, and a considerable saving of time is
obtained besides. being much easier for the Weaver to manage. In all cases where
lags are referred to it will be understood that they may be substituted for cards,
and where pegs are mentioned it must be understood that holes may be employed
in conjunction with cards,
Secondly
This Invention relates to the means of removing the pressure of the finger from
the shuttle box "swell" just before the shuttle is sent out of the box so as to
reduce the power required to send the shuttle therefrom. For this purpose we
attach a lever to the stop rod of the loom, to one end of which is hinged another
lever having at its lower end an antifriction roller. This latter lever is so hinged
that in the backward motion of the slay the antifriction roller would come into
contact with a fixed plate or projection, and move the first mentioned lever in such
manner as to operate the stop rod, and consequently remove the pressure of the
finger off the "swell" and this is arranged to take place immediately before the
picker strikes the shuttle; on the return tuotion of the slay the friction roller would
ide over the fixed plate, and not operate the stop rod.
This part of our Invention is shown on Sheet 4 where Fig 1 is front view and
Fig 2 end section through line A. B showing the form and construction of apparatus
we employ for carrying out our Invention, 1 is the loom frame, 2 the shuttle boxes
with the "swells" 3 therein, 4 is the stop rod, and 5 the finger which is fastened
thereon, all arranged somewhat as usual. Upon the stop rod we fix a lever 6
having a weighted tilting lever 7 hinged loosely so as to freely oscillate thereon.
To the loom frame we fix a cam plate 8 capable of adjustment by bolt and slot 9
and placed in such a position that when the "going part" is moving backward in
the direction of the arrow 10, the weighted lever 7 is hinged so that in passing
over the cam plate 8 it would remain rigid and therefore the lever 6 would be raised,
consequently operating the stop rod 4 and removing the finger 5 from contact with
the shuttle "swells" 3, but as soon as the weighted lever has passed over the cam,
the finger is forced back against the "swells" to be ready for the return of the
shuttle. When the "going part" makes the return motion, the hinged lever 7
will yield and assume the positions indicated by dotted line, the antifriction..
roller 11 running easily over the incline so that the stop rod and finger would not
be operated. The cam plate 8 is placed so that it will raise the lever 6 and
remove the pressure of the finger 5 from the shuttle "swells" a moment before the
shuttle is sent out of the box, consequently less power is required to drive the
shuttle therefrom than when pressure of the finger is always on the "swells."
Having now shown and described our Invention, and the manner in which the
same may be performed and carried into practice, we would have it understood
that we do not confine ourselves to the exact details herein shown and described,
as they may be varied without departing from the main feature thereof; nor do we
confine ourselves to the number of pegging cylinders employed referred to in the
first part of this Specification, but what we consider new and therefore claim in
connection with the first part of our Invention is
Firstly The use and employment of the short levers or links 14 and 15 operated

page_text: in the manner and for the purpose substantially as herein shown and described.
Secondly. The means or methods herein shown and described for connecting and
disconnecting the star wheel and pegging wheel in manner substantially as shown
and described. Thirdly. The use and employment of the slotted brackets or levers 9,
for the purpose substantially as herein shown and described.
Fourthly. The employment of two, three, or more pegging cylinders connected
to an oscillatory frame for effecting a change in the pattern, arranged and operated
in the manner substantially as shown and described.
Fifthly. In connection with the second part of our Invention we claim-The
use and employment of the weighted tilting lever 7 for operating the stop rod,
and easing the pick in manner substantially as herein shown and described.
Lastly. The use of the cam plate or projection 8 for raising the lever 7 sub-
stantially as herein shown and described.
.
In witness whereof we the said William Buckley and James Hollingworth
have hereunto set our hands and seals this Third day of January, one
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
Witness,
A B.. CROSSLEY
Patent Agent
Halifax & Huddersfield.
WILLIAM BUCKLEY
(L.S.)
JAS. HOLLINGWORTH (L.S.)