IMPROVEMENTS IN PENTAGRAPH MACHINES USED FOR TRACING OR ENGRAVING ROLLERS OR
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Moulton, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PENTAGRAPH MACHINES USED FOR TRACING OR ENGRAVING ROLLERS OR
Sealed the 3rd October 1862, and dated the 4th April 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Moulton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
April 1862.
I, GEORGE MOULTON, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PENTAGRAPH MACHINES USED FOR TRACING OR ENGRAVING ROLLERS OR
CYLINDERS EMPLOYED IN PRINTING CALICOES AND OTHER SURFACES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists, first, in the employment and application of a
circular tool holder for placing a number of points around the cylinder to be
traced or engraved. The said circular tool holder is formed either in an
entire circle or a segment of a circle, and in both cases the tool holder is
supported at two parts placed in suitable positions.

page_text: Secondly, in constructing the supports or bars for carrying the said circular
or other tool holders so that they may be parted asunder and made to travel
in opposite directions for the purpose of reversing the pattern.
Thirdly, in raising and lowering the table which carries the pattern plate of
the machine instead of having it stationary, as at present, for the purpose of
regulating or adjusting the length of the levers from the cylinder to the
pattern plate, and thereby enabling the sketch to be adapted to any slight
differences in the diameters of the cylinders.
Fourthly, in forming the arms of the levers, bracket, and shaft, that carry
the tracer carriage and its bar, each in two parts instead of one, so that they
may be shortened or lengthened according to the number of diminutions.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Moulton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd October 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
MOULTON, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said George Moulton, Her special licence that I, the said George
Moulton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such other as I, the
said George Moulton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PENTAGRAPH MACHINES USED FOR TRACING OR ENGRAVING ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS
EMPLOYED IN PRINTING CALICOES AND OTHER SURFACES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said George Moulton, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Moulton, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement (that is to say) :-
:-
This Invention consists, first, in the employment and application of a
circular tool holder having a mortice for placing a number of points around
the cylinder to be traced or engraved. The said circular tool holder is formed
either in an entire circle or a segment of a circle, and in both cases the tool
holder is supported at two parts placed in suitable positions.
Secondly, in constructing the supports or bars for carrying the said circular
or segmental tool holders so that they may be parted asunder and made to
travel in opposite directions for the purpose of reversing the pattern.
Thirdly, in raising and lowering the table which carries the pattern plate
instead of having it stationary, as at present, for the purpose of regulating or
adjusting the length of the levers from the cylinder to the pattern plate, and
thereby enabling the sketch to be adapted to any slight differences required on
the cylinders.
And, fourthly, in forming slots in the vertical arms or levers so that I may
employ different lengths of the bracket that carries the tracer carriage and its
bar and also the shaft that carries the ratio pulley for the purpose of altering
the diminutions.
:
This Invention will be clearly understood by referring to the figures and
letters on the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a
transverse section, and Fig. 2 a front elevation of one of the several arrange-
ments of pentagraph machines used for tracing or engraving rollers or cylinders
employed in printing calicoes or other surfaces with some of my improvements
attached.
Fig. 3 is a plan, Fig. 4, an end elevation, and Fig. 5, a vertical section, all
drawn to an enlarged scale, of one of my improved segmental tool holders.
Fig. 6 is a plan of my improved divided bars or supports, with their con-
'nections, for different movements.
Fig. 7, an end elevation, and Fig. 8, a vertical section, drawn to an enlarged
scale, of a circular tool holder arranged so that it can be divided or opened for
enabling the cylinders to be placed in or taken out of the machine.
Figs. 9 and 10 are side and top views of one of my improved tool arrange-
ments, drawn full size.
Fig. 11, a transverse view of a table placed on the ordinary table with the
tracer and its appendages raised up to it, which parts are arranged for three
diminutions.

page_text: Fig. 12 is a transverse view, shewing an improved arrangement of tool bars
and stands, a segmental disc supporting a cylinder, and also bracket shaft and
pulleys for three diminutions; and Figs. 13 and 14 are enlarged views of parts
of the same.
Fig. 15 is a transverse view of another improved arrangement of parts for
three diminutions and large figures; and Fig. 16, a transverse view of an
improved arrangement for altering the diminution and reversing the figures.
In Figs. 1 and 2 I represent the cylinder or roller which receives the tracing
or engraving, one of the improved arrangements for placing the tools round
the cylinder, one of the methods of raising and lowering the table for adjusting
the lengths of the sketches, one arrangement of levers and weights for sup-
porting part of the weight of heavy cylinders or rollers, and also the inter-
mediate pulley and mode of supporting the bars for the reverse motion.
In one or other of the several Figures a is the roller or cylinder to be
operated upon; b, my improved segmental or circular ring or tool holder to
which I attach the tracing or engraving tools. The said ring is provided with
a mortice c extending the entire circle or segment, in which mortice is fitted
the moveable block & carrying the tool frame, which block is adjusted to the
required position and afterwards held fast by a bolt e, the said mortice being
formed at the side if desired. In Figs. 4 and 5 the mortice is shewn in the
exterior of the ring, and in Figs. 7 and 8 in the interior; this ring is divided
in two parts and held together by screws or bolts. The dotted circles in
Figs. 7 and 8 represent cylinders of different diameters, and the tool arrange-
ment is shewn in two different positions. To the aforesaid ring I attach, by
means of slotted holes and screws, a second ring f carrying adjustable arms or
projections g for acting upon or lifting the weights off the cutting tools. The
necessary to-and-fro motion being given to the ring f by a treddle in the
usual manner. The cutting tools are shewn at h, Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 9,
they are attached to the two-armed lever i working on pivots in the small
frame j, provided with a slide k fitting a block 1, for the purpose of adjusting
the tool to different sized cylinders, the block being connected to the moveable
block d by a screw, so that the tool may be placed radial with the cylinder to
be acted upon. One arm of the lever i is linked to a small L lever m in
contact with the arms or projections 9 on the ring f for keeping the tools from
their work. The weight for giving the exact pressure to the tool is shewn at n,
it is attached to a lever o connected at its centre of motion to an intermediate
lever
P,
the end of which is in contact with and presses upon the arm of the
lever i which carries the tool. The lever o works upon a. boss on the inter-
mediate lever p and is provided with a set screw, so that the weight may be

page_text: turned over to any position required for giving the pressure to the tool at any
part of the circle and afterwards held fast by the screw. The ring b is fixed
to the feet or supports 9 connected to the ordinary or to my improved divided
bars 1, Figs. 1, 2, 6, 12, and 15, which bars are supported by and move upon
the rollers or bowls s, Figs. 1, 2, 12, and 15. In order to give a reverse
motion to the aforesaid divided bars or to any part of them for the purpose of
reversing the pattern I employ an intermediate pulley t. The ordinary small
ratio pulley is shewn at u, around which are placed two bands v stretched by
'screws in the arms w, Figs. 1 and 6. These arms are connected together by
the frame or casting a placed upon rollers y, Fig. 1, for easy action. To the
other extremities of the arms are stretched another bandz passing around the
intermediate pulley t and giving it a reverse or contrary motion. One of the
bars is connected by a band and arm a' to the intermediate pulley t, and
the other bar in the same line to one of the arms w, as at b¹, by which means
the bars have reverse motions imparted to them when the small ratio pulley
is turned. When the bars are required to move in the same direction I
connect them together by bolts or other suitable contrivance and remove the
intermediate pulley and bands.
In pentagraph machines where inclined planes are used I cut the bars
asunder, as shewn in Figs. 2 and 6, and when a reverse motion is required to
be given to the bars I employ one inclined plane to work one half and another
inclined plane to work the other half. When the reverse motion is not
required I connect all the bars together and proceed with one inclined plane
in the usual manner. In order to enable the sketch to be adapted to any
slight differences required on the cylinders I raise and lower the table or
cradle to which the pattern plate is fixed. One of my arrangements for this
'purpose is as follows:-
In Figs. 1 and 2 the cradle or table of Rigby's patent machine, in which
the pattern plates are placed to trace from, is shewn at d', and fixed to or cast
upon the ironwork of the table are inclined planes e¹. Cast to the standards
or frames are brackets f¹ supporting nuts g¹ having their tops inclined to
correspond with the inclined planes e¹ and in contact with them. Through
two of these nuts, at each end, are passed right and left-handed screws, one
at each end of a rod, on both of which rods are fixed worm wheels h¹. Ex-
tending longitudinally from one standard to the other there is a shaft k¹ having
a handle or wheel and carrying a worm m' for each worm wheel h¹, so that
when the handle is turned either way all the screws revolve simultaneously
and draw the nuts nearer together or place them further apart, and thereby,
by means of the inclined planes, raise or lower the table in a parallel direction.

page_text: There are many ways of obtaining this result which, after my description, will
be readily contrived by any one acquainted with mechanical movements.
In Fig. 11, representing one of my improved arrangements for three dimi-
nutions, n¹ is a minor or separate cradle or table placed in the ordinary table
or cradle d. The tracer o¹, Figs. 1 and 11, with the carriage rail p¹ and
carriage, are all raised up on the vertical arms q', Figs. 1, 2, and 11. The
bracket and pulley s', Fig. 1, are taken out of the machine and replaced
with the bracket 7 and pulley s', Fig. 11. By these means the tracing or
engraving on the cylinder may be made from a less pattern plate, and the
method may be readily adapted to the machines in which the cylinder rests
upon the ordinary circular discs t', Figs. 1, 2, and 11.
In Fig. 12 I shew an arrangement for three diminutions, in which the
minor or additional table is dispensed with. Instead of entire discs for
supporting the cylinder I use segmental discs u' of a larger radius and use a
smaller pulley at the bottom of the vertical shaft. The increased radius of
the disc produces the same effect as shortening the lower lever, but in conse-
quence of the upper lever or radius of the disc being lengthened the cutting
tools have to be raised, for which purpose I use stands v¹ placed upon the
bars r, two views of one of the stands being shewn enlarged in Figs. 13
and 14.
In Fig. 15 I shew an arrangement for patterns of nine inches square at
three diminutions, the ratio pulley u is enlarged and will move the bars nine
inches; and the radius of the disc t¹ is enlarged so as to roll the cylinder the
same distance. By simply changing the discs and the small ratio pulley for
those of the same diameter as in Fig. 1, as shewn by the dotted lines, the
arrangement will be adapted for five diminutions, as at present. As the large
discs raise the cylinder as much as the segmental discs, Fig. 12, stands similar
to those at v¹, Fig. 12, are used to raise the cutting tools to the required
height.
In Fig. 16 I shew an arrangement for altering the diminution and likewise
reversing the figures in the cross over. On the vertical shaft w¹, Figs. 1, 2,
11, 12, 15, and 16, which carries the ratio pulley u, is fixed the surface plate a¹,
in contact with which, on the under side, is the friction pulley y' on the cross
shaft working in bearings in the frame a² and driven by a band passing
round the pulley be fixed to the shaft from the ordinary pulley c², Fig. 2,
attached to the tracer arm o¹, Figs. 1 and 11. By moving the friction pulley
to or from the centre of the surface plate the diminution is altered, or by
taking the friction pulley to the other end of the shaft the figures are
reversed.

page_text: Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be under-
stood that I claim, in pentagraph machines used for tracing or engraving
rollers or cylinders employed in printing calicoes and other surfaces,―
First, the employment of a circular or segmental tool holder, held in two
parts, and having an external, internal, or side mortice, in order to enable the
points or cutting tools to be freely moved round to any part of the holder, and
thereby allow any required part of the circumference of the cylinder roller to
be traced or engraved upon; and also the employment of a small intermediate
lever for enabling the weight which gives pressure to the points or cutting
tools to be turned round and adapted to any part of the circle.
Secondly, the separation of the bars or supports which carry the tool holder
so that they may be parted asunder, and thereby enable the separated parts to
be traced in opposite directions for the purpose of reversing the pattern.
Thirdly, the peculiar system of raising and lowering the pattern plates for
the purpose of enabling the sketch to be adapted to any slight differences
required on the cylinders.
Fourthly, the various modes of enabling three diminutions to be performed
in the Rigby pentagraph machine.
And, fifthly, the general arrangements of the aforesaid improvements, as
herein described and illustrated in the accompanying two Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Moulton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Second day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Signed, sealed, and delivered
by the within-named George
Moulton, in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
GEORGE MOULTON. (L.S.)