or other Vehicles.
Year: 1885

page_text: or other Vehicles.
We JAMES MCHARDY, Scientific Expert, Islay Cottage Dollar N.B. and JOHN
MCGRUTHER, Joiner Ochilview Dollar N.B. do hereby declare the nature of the
above invention for BRAKING, STOPPING AND STARTING TRAM CARS OR OTHER
VEHICLES to be as follows:-
This apparatus is to be used in connection with the braking, stopping and starting
of Tram Cars or other Vehicles, has for its object the accumulation of the force in
stopping, for the purpose of starting the vehicle, and so relieve or assist the horses
or other motive power, as well as the regulation of the speed, either automatically
or under the influence of the Driver, or under the influence of the Driver and
Conductor.
In carrying this Invention into practice, a spring, or springs, either metallic,
spiral, steam or vacuum, or the equivalents thereof, are arranged in such a manner
as the Driver, by means of a handle or other suitable appliance, shall be enabled to
throw into gear a clutch-windlass, or its equivalent, to which shall be attached a
chain or its equivalent, bringing the aforesaid spring or springs into tension.
In bringing the beforementioned spring or springs into tension, by the aforesaid
process (i.e. the actual conversion of the axle into a windlass) a leg, or paw fitted
with a brake-skid, or its equivalent, hinged at its upper end to a suitable slide, is
brought into contact with the ground or road.
The beforementioned leg or paw being in turn connected with the beforementioned
spring or springs, by means of a chain, or its equivalent, at, or about the level of
its sliding point, and influenced by the clutch-windlass to which it is attached by
a chain, or its equivalent, at a suitable point between the skidding block and slides,
it is obvious that, upon the last mentioned chain or equivalent being wound up, by
the action of the wheels, the skidding block will be brought into contact with the
ground or road, and will ritard the progress of the vehicle, with a constantly
increasing pressure, and at the same time bring the beforementioned spring or
springs into tension.
The winding up of the brake or skidding-block having taken place in a forward
direction, it will be in the power of the Driver to give the horses, or other motive
power, such control over the apparatus, as to throw the windlass out of gear at the
moment of starting; bringing the accumulated resistance of the spring or springs
into play, for the purpose of forcing the leg back into its normal position.

page_text: The leg being adjusted at such an angle that it cannot slide backward on the
road it is obvious that the vehicle will be thrust forward.
This leg, in assuming its normal position, will be so arranged as to throw the
skidding block clear of the road, and remain in that position until again brought
into play.
With regard to the second object of this invention, viz., the regulation of the
speed in descending hills, or in preventing the running away of horses, a suitable
friction gear will be provided in connection with, or separately from, the clutch-
windlass; so that by means of the handle hereinafter mentioned the Driver may
control the speed of the vehicle, by ritarding the motion of the wheels, without
bringing the beforementioned spring gear into action.
The beforementioned actions are brought into play by a duplex handle, or
appliance, so constructed that the control of the spring-gear shall be solely under
the control of the Driver; and the friction-gear shall likewise be under the control
of the Driver, and may, if necessary, be also under the control of a Conductor.
When desirable, equilibrium springs may be added to these parts, so as to enable
the Driver to place the actions entirely under the control of the horses, in which
case the brake becomes automatic, or in other words, the process of braking will
continually apply itself if not prevented by the draught.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Apparatus for Braking, Stopping, and Starting Tram Cars
or other Vehicles.
We, JAMES M HARDY, Scientific-expert Islay Cottage Dollar, and JOHN
MGRUTHER, Joiner, Ochilview, Dollar do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for BRAKING, STOPPING AND STARTING TRAM CARS OR OTHER VEHICLES
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This apparatus to be used in connection with the Braking, Stopping, and Starting
of Tram Cars or other Vehicles has for its object the accumulation of the force in
stopping for the purpose of starting the vehicle and so relieving, or assisting the
horses or other motive power; as well as the regulation of the speed, either
automatically, or under the influence of the Driver, or under the influence of the
Driver and Conductor.
In carrying this Invention into practice, a spring or springs (a Fig. 2) either
metalic, steam or vacuum, or the equivalents thereof, are arranged in such a manner,
as, that the Driver, by means of a handle (b Fig. 1) or other suitable appliance,
shall be enabled to throw into gear, a clutch-windlass (c Fig. 2) or its equivalent.
To this shall be attached a chain (d Figs. 1 and 2) or its equivalent, to bring the
aforesaid spring or springs into tension.
In bringing the beforementioned spring or springs into tension, by the aforesaid
process (i.e. the actual conversion of the axle into a windlass) a leg, or paw (e Fig. 1),
fitted with a brake-skid, or its equivalent, hinged at its upper end to a suitable
slide (Fig. 2) is brought into contact with the ground or road.
The beforementioned leg or paw being, in turn, connected with the before-
mentioned spring or springs, by means of a chain (g Figs. 1 & 2), or its equivalent,
at or about the level of its sliding point, and influenced by the clutch windlass
(c Fig. 2) to which it is attached by a chain (d Fig. 1) or its equivalent, at a
suitable point between the skidding block and slides, it is obvious that, upon the
lastmentioned chain being wound up by the action of the wheels, the skidding
block will be brought into contact with the ground or road, and will ritard the
progress of the vehicle, with a constantly increasing pressure; and at the same time
bring the beforementioned spring or springs (a Figs. 1 & 2) into tension.
The winding up of the brake or skidding block (e Fig. 1) having taken place in
a forward direction, it will be in the power of the Driver to give the horses, or
other motive power, such control over the apparatus, as to throw the windlass out
of gear at the moment of starting; thus bringing the accumulated resistance of
the spring or springs (a Figs. 1 & 2) into play, for the purpose of forcing the leg
(e Fig. 1) back into its normal position.
The leg being adjusted at such an angle, that it cannot slide backwards, it is
obvious that the vehicle will be thrust forwards.
This leg in assuming its normal position will be so arranged as to throw the
skidding block clear of the road: this position will be retained until the block be
again brought into play.

page_text: With regard to the second object of this Invention, viz; the regulation of the
speed in descending hills, or the preventing of the running away of horses, a
suitable friction gear (h. Fig. 2) will be provided, in connexion with, or seperately
from, the clutch-windlass (c Fig. 2) so that by means of the handle ( Fig. 1)
hereinafter mentioned, the Driver may control the speed of the vehicle, by
regulating the motion of the wheels, without bringing the beforementioned spring-
gear into action.
The beforementioned actions. are brought into play, by means of the duplex
handle (b, j, Fig. 1) or appliance, so constructed that the spring gear shall be solely
under the control of the Driver, and the friction-gear shall likewise be under the
control of the Driver, and may, if necessary, be also under the control of the
Conductor.
When desirable, equilibrium-springs may be added to these parts, so as to enable
the Driver to place the actions entirely under the control of the horses, in which
case the brake becomes automatic, as the process of braking will apply itself, if
not prevented by the draught.
Having now, particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
1st The clutch windlass under the control of the Driver.
2d The leg or paw, influenced by the windlass, and acted upon by
3d The spring gear for accumulating the force in stopping for the purpose of
starting.
4th The duplex handle for the purpose of controlling the friction and spring
gear.