IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, AND IN THE MEANS EMPLOYED. THEREFOR
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Duguid, the younger, of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, AND IN THE MEANS EMPLOYED.
THEREFOR."
Sealed the 12th January 1869, and dated the 17th July 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Duguid at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th July 1868.
I, JOHN DUGUID, the younger, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, AND IN THE MEANS EMPLOYED
THEREFOR," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention which relates to improvements in the manufacture of
paper consists in employing webs of wire cloth in place of felt on the
rollers or cylinders, over which the paper or pulpy materials passes on its
way from the paper-making machine. The wire webs are woven in
looms and put on in the same manner as the felt at present used; by

page_text: this means the injurious effects due to the moisture of travelling felts
are avoided.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Duguid in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 15th January 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
DUGUID, the younger, of Glasgow, in the County Lanark, North Britain,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the 32nd
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said John Duguid, the younger, Her special
license that I, the said John Duguid, the younger, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Duguid,
the younger, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
IN THE MEANS
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, AND
EMPLOYED THEREFOв," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
John Duguid, the younger, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Duguid, the younger, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention which relates to improvements in the manufacture
of paper consists in employing webs of wire cloth in place of felt on

page_text: the rollers or cylinders, over which the paper or pulpy material passes
on its way from the paper-making machine.
And in order that my said Invention may be further understood, I
wish to explain more particularly that in employing webs of wire cloth
in place of felt on the rollers or drying cylinders, around which the
paper is led after leaving the "wet end," "wet felt," or "machine
wires," of the paper-making machine; the wire webs may be made
shorter than the felt webs at present used as they will not absorb
moisture from the paper, and therefore do not require a long travel to
give them time to dry; by this means the injurious effects due to the
moisture of travelling felts are avoided.
Another advantage resulting from this Invention is that the wire
webs being free from shrinkage may be made much narrower than the
felt webs at present in use. The wire webs are woven in looms and put
on in the same manner as the felt webs at present in use.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is or may be used or practically carried into
effect, I wish it to be understood that what I consider novel and original
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent is, the application of wire webs in place
of felt to the rollers or cylinders of paper-making machinery as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Duguid, the younger, have
hereunto set my hand and scal, this Twelfth day of January, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
JOHN DUGUID, JUN. (L.S.)