Improvements in Glass Blowing of Bottles, and all other Glass Articles, by Pneumatic Pressure.
Year: 1894

page_text: The decision of the Chief Examiner, acting on behalf of the Comptroller, of the
5th day of October 1894, allowed, under Section 18 of the Patents, &c.
Act, 1883, an Amendment of this Specification.
Date of Application, 14th Mar., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 16th Apr., 1894-Accepted, 19th May,
1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Glass Blowing of Bottles, and all other Glass
Articles, by Pneumatic Pressure.
HENRY KERRILL of 7 Russell Street City of Dublin Plumber and Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to glass blowing by pneumatic power and comprise the
improvements hereinafter set forth. I provide a metal cased tank with fittings
which will be fully described in Complete Specification and actuated by water
emptying when full and drawing in air, which air on refilling of water be forced
From this air container I
into an air container or by any other mechanical means.
take a pipe and regulating valve which will actuate the delivery of air at any
pressure at any pressure to which it is set to operate by means of a regulating
screw which will also be fully shewn in Complete Specification. I take a tube
from this valve and carry it to the operator having it fixed overhead and provided
with a revolving socket to which a flexible tube is attached low enough to suit the
hand of the operator. To this end of the pipe is a cock that actuates the air into
the blow pipe by which means the pressing on a knob forces down a compound
piston and allows air through the blow pipe and into the article blown, and when
pressure of knob is relieved the piston reverces the air pressure and allows at the
same the air in glass article to fully escape 1 prefer to fix a revolving ball joint
bettween this cock and the blow pipe to allow rotary motion to the blow pipe and I
also affix an india rubber or other cone to allow the attaching or detatching of said
blow pipe.
March 10th 1894
HENRY KErrill,
7, Russell Street, Dublin.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in Glass Blowing of Bottles, and all other Glass
Articles, by Pneumatic Pressure.
I, HENRY KERRILL, of 7 Russell Street, Dublin, Plumber and Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to the blowing of glass bottles, and other glass articles by
pneumatic pressure, as hereinafter described, and is designed to supersede the
present practice of accomplishing such work by blowing from the lungs.

page_text: In carrying out my said invention, I propose to mount in a suitable and
convenient position, a suitably constructed tank or container, composed of metal or
other suitable material.
This tank or container is charged with compressed air by hydraulic, or by
suitable mechanical means, and is provided with an ordinary safety valve to guard
against the danger of explosion. From this tank or reservoir is taken a suitable
conducting pipe provided with a valve, which for convenience is called an
"automatic regulating valve," and whereby the delivery of air can be adjusted, and
maintained at any pressure required. The conducting pipe is then connected to a
revolving socket which may be fixed conveniently overhead or otherwise at
pleasure. To this revolving socket is coupled up a distributing box, from which
emerge one or more flexible tubes of india-rubber or other suitable material, each
of which is connected to a certain device, called for convenience the "nozzle-piece,'
and into which the mouth of the ordinary blow pipe is inserted in the operation of
blowing glass.
"
This nozzle-piece is provided with a compound piston operated by a screw and
spring arrangement, whereby the supply of air is admitted into the blow pipe in
quantities as required, and also the heated air from the molten mass allowed to
escape.
Provision is made in this nozzle-piece to allow of the blow pipe being freely
rotated when necessary during the operation of blowing or shaping glass bottles,
and such like articles.
In order that my said invention may be more fully understood, and applied in
practice, I will proceed to describe the accompanying drawings:-
Fig. 1, represents a general view of my improved glass blowing apparatus,
showing the method whereby I prefer to arrange the several parts constituting my
said invention.
It is of course obvious that the several parts may be arranged otherwise as
convenience in practice may suggest, I however describe what I conceive to be the
most convenient arrangement.
Fig. 2, is an enlarged view in section of the automatic regulating valve; Figs. 3, 5,
and 6, details of same; and
Fig. 4, is an enlarged sectional view of the nozzle-piece.
A represents the tank or container, which as already stated may be erected in
any convenient position, and composed of any suitable material and dimensions.
B, is an ordinary safety valve mounted on same. C, is the conducting pipe on
which is fixed the automatic regulating valve D (Figs. 2, 3, 5 and 6). This valve
consists of a chamber 2, through which the conducting pipe passes as shown. 3, is
an india-rubber diaphragm from which is suspended the balance fork 4, the base
plate 5, of which carries the plug 6, which plug enters an aperture formed in
the conducting pipe C. This plug is formed in transverse section, as shown in
plan, Fig. 6, so as to allow the air to pass, and springs from an india-rubber seat 7,
which closes the aperture in the conducting pipe.
The top of this balance fork impinges against the spiral spring 8, the tension of
which can be adjusted by the setting screw 9.
A stoppered aperture 10, is provided in the base of the chamber to facilitate the
screwing up of the base plate 5; and an aperture 11, and a stop 12, are formed in
the conducting pipe for the purpose presently described.
The action of this valve is thus:-
Assuming that a pressure of say, ten pounds, is required, the balance fork is
regulated by means of the setting screw 9, with the assistance of an ordinary air
pressure gauge E (Fig. 1), to a position whereby the air will flow through the
valve at the required pressure, and should this pressure be exceeded in the
chamber 2, owing to the stoppage of work or otherwise, the accumulated pressure
acting automatically on the diaphragm 3, will raise the balance fork, and close
the valve until air is again required at the working end, when the balance fork will
fall to its original position, and thereby re-establish the required pressure as

page_text: delivered to the blow pipe. Thus by the action of this valve the supply of air to
the blow pipe is automatically maintained at any required pressure according to the
class of work being produced.
As the air passes from this valve, it is carried to a revolving socket F (Fig. 1),
from which is suspended a distributing box G, to which latter may be coupled up
any number of flexible tubes 13 and 14, for the conveyance of air to the nozzle-
piece H. This device (Fig. 4) consists of a cylinder 15, in which a compound
piston 16 acts against a spiral spring 17, and is operated by the button 18; or
instead, if found more convenient, a lever handle as indicated in dotted lines.
A cone 19, rotates in the conical socket 20, and carries a cylindrical socket 21, one
half of which is hinged at 22, to facilitate the introduction and removal of the
blow pipe.
An elastic band 21* keeps the socket closed.
The cone 19, provided with an annular groove 23, and is also pierced by a
hole 24, and longitudinal passage shown by the dotted lines.
The manipulation of this nozzle-piece is obvious:-The operator having taken up
a ball of molten material, inserts the mouth of the blow pipe in the socket 21,
whereupon he presses the button 18 (or the lever handle in dotted lines, as the case
may be), causing the lower piston to ride past the outlet 26, and allow the air
(which enters the cylinder by the inlet 27, with which the flexible tube is
connected) to pass through the cone 19, and thence to the blow pipe.
On the return of the piston to its normal position, the back current or heated air
from the blow pipe escapes through the outlet 29. Thus by the operation of this
device, as much air as is required, is blown into the molten material, whereupon
the movable jaw of the socket 21, is opened by means of the lever 30, and the blow
pipe removed. To ensure a perfect air-tight joint, the interior of this socket is
fined with fluted india-rubber 31, or other suitable material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I would have it understood
that what I claim is :-
:―
First. In the process of blowing glass bottles and other glass articles, the use
and-application of compressed air drawn from a storage tank or container, and
delivered by means of apparatus or mechanical equivalents.
Second. In the process of blowing glass bottles or other glass articles, the use
and application of compressed air in combination with apparatus, or mechanical
equivalents thereto, whereby the air is delivered to the blow pipe at any required
pressure by automatic graduating valves, constructed, arranged and operating in
the manner substantially as herein described.
Third. In the process of blowing glass bottles or other glass articles, the use
and application of apparatus, or mechanical equivalents thereto, constructed,
arranged, and operating, as herein described, whereby compressed air is utilized
for the purpose of superseding the present practice of blowing from the lungs.
In apparatus jor mechanical glass blowing the combination of the high pressure
cylinder A (Fig. 1), with the automatic regulating valve D, the pressure gauge E and
the nozzle piece and valve H, all made, arranged and operating substantially as and for
the purposes described and illustrated.
1100