IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR LIQUORING OR CLAYING LUMP SUGAR BY CENTRIFUGAL ACTION
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel, of Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR LIQUORING OR CLAYING LUMP SUGAR BY CENTRIFUGAL ACTION." A
communication from abroad by Eugen Langen, of Cologne, in the German
Empire.
Sealed the 18th November 1879, and dated the 30th August 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Denton Abel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th August 1879.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR LIQUORING OR CLAYING LUMP
SUGAR BY CENTRIFUGAL ACTION.". [A communication from abroad by Eugen
Langen, of Cologne, in the German Empire.]
According to the Invention for which Letters Patent, Nos. 2456 of 1872, 2606 of
1874, and 4647 of 1877, were obtained on behalf of my foreign correspondent, hard
white lump sugar was prepared by means of a centrifugal machine, the impreg-
nating of the sugar with the claying or clarifying liquor being effected by a separate
process in a special apparatus, to which the moulds with the sugar slabs had to be
removed from the centrifugal machine.
The present Invention has for its object to do away with such separate process
by subjecting the sugar to the action of the clarifying liquor while in the centri-
fugal machine by means of arrangements and apparatus which I will now describe.
Within the centrifugal drum containing the segmental sugar moulds, such as
described in the said prior Patents, loose receptacles are provided of a shape corre-
sponding to that of tlie moulds, against the inner open ends of which they rest with
a fillet of caoutchouc or other material that in being pressed against the moulds
will form a watertight joint between the two. These receptacles may either be
quite loose in the centrifugal drum, so that when this is rotated the centrifugal
force will cause them to slide up against the face of the mould; or by preference
they are pivotted at bottom to the bottom of the drum in such a manner that when
the drum is at rest the upper part will drop away from the mould so as to allow
Drine G27

page_text: this to be removed. The clarifying liquor is led into these receptacles through a
stationary curved central pipe, and in order to insure that the liquor shall not pass
from the pipe into the interstices between the moulds the receptacles are either
provided with a lip on one side which overhangs the edge of the next receptacle,
or separate shields may be provided which cover the contiguous sides of two
receptacles.
The receptacles are open at the inner side presented to the said liquor pipe, but
on the side next the mould they are closed by a perforated plate, so that the liquor
passing in from the pipe passes in an evenly distributed manner through the per-
forations into the sugar moulds, from the perforated outer faces of which it is
thrown out by centrifugal action in the usual manner. Without the above
arrangement of the charging receptacles with perforated bottoms the liquor passing
in from the pipe in being thrown by the centrifugal force against the one side of
the receptacle would flow thence almost entirely to one side only of the moulds, and
thus effect a very imperfect liquoring of the sugar.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Denton Abel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
16th January 1880.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR LIQUORING OR CLAYING LUMP
SUGAR BY CENTRIFUGAL ACTION." A communication from abroad by Eugen
Langen, of Cologne, in the German Empire.
According to the Inventions for which Letters Patent, No. 2456 of 1872,
No. 2606 of 1874, and No. 4647 of 1877, were obtained on behalf of my foreign
correspondent, hard white lump sugar was prepared by means of a centrifugal
machine, the impregnating of the sugar with the claying or clarifying liquor being
effected by a separate process in a special apparatus, to which the moulds with the
sugar slabs had to be removed from the centrifugal machine.
The present Invention bas for its object to do away with, such separate process
by subjecting the sugar to the action of the clarifying liquor while in the
centrifugal machine by means of arrangements and apparatus which I will now
describe..
Within the centrifugal drum containing the segmental sugar moulds, such as
described in the Specifications to the prior Patents above referred to, loose recep-
tacles are provided of a shape corresponding to that of the moulds, against the inner
open ends of which they bear, with a fillet of caoutchouc or other material that .in
being pressed against the mould will form a watertight joint between the two.
These receptacles may either be quite loose in the centrifugal drum, so that when
this revolves the centrifugal force will cause them to slide up against the moulds;
or by preference they are pivotted at bottom to the bottom of the drum in such
manner that when the drum is at rest the upper part of each receptacle will, drop
away from the mould so as to allow this to be removed. The clarifying liquor, is
led into these receptacles through a stationary curved central pipe, and in order to
ensure that the liquor shall not pass from the pipe into the interstices between the
moulds each receptacle is provided with a lip on its one side overhanging the edge
of the next receptacle, or separate shields may be arranged to cover the contiguous
sides of the receptacles.
Each receptacle is open at the inner side presented towards the liquor supply
pipe, but on the side next the mould it is covered with a perforated plate, so that
the liquor supplied by the pipe passes in an evenly distributed manner through the .
perforations into the sugar mould, from the perforated outer face of which it is
thrown out by centrifugal action in the usual manner. Without these charging
receptacles having perforated faces the liquor from the pipe being thrown against
the one side of each receptacle would pass thence almost entirely to one side only
of the mould, and would thus effect a very imperfect liquoring of the sugar.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a centrifugal machine arranged for liquoring,
according to this Invention; Fig. 2 shews a part plan and a part sectional plan
thereof. A, A, are the moulds containing the sugar; B, B, are the charging recep-
5 tacles resting with caoutchouc fillets C against the inner faces of the moulds, and

page_text: Fs, indicated in the diagram plan, Fig. 4. Each receptacle B has at its bottom a
notched bracket G taking on a fulcrum pin H fixed to the bottom of the drum (as
shewn by the side view, Fig. 1a) so that the receptacle can turn a little, as on a
hinge, falling back from the mould when the drum is at rest sufficiently far to
permit of the mould being removed or replaced, and when the drum revolves being
pressed forward against the mould, the caoutchouc fillets C. making a tight jointing
at its edges. The receptacles instead of being thus hinged may, be quite loose, as
indicated in the diagram Fig. 5, to slide up against the moulds when the drun
revolves. Instead of introducing the clarifying liquor by means of a bent pipe the
arrangement shewn at Fig. 6 may be employed, where the liquor falls from the
pipe E on to the circular shoulders or flanges I formed on the central boss of
the drum, from which it is projected by centrifugal force into the charging
receptacles B.
Having thus described the nature of this Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, I
wish it to be understood that I do not claim generally the treating of lump sugar
with clarifying liquor in centrifugal machines, but I claim,-
First. The use in combination with sugar moulds in a centrifugal machine of
separate charging receptacles having perforated faces edged with packing material,
these receptacles being so arranged that when the machine is at rest they leave the
moulds free to be withdrawn or replaced, and that when the machine revolves they
are pressed by centrifugal force against the moulds, making a tight jointing there-
with, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
Second. Mounting receptacles, such as are referred to in the preceding claim, by
brackets G resting on pins H, so arranged that when the machine is at rest the
weight of the receptacles causes them to fall backwards from the moulds, and when
the machine revolves the centrifugal force presses them forwards against the moulds,
às herein described with reference to the accompanying Drawings..
Third. In centrifugal machines for clarifying or claying sugar supplied with a
continuous stream of clarifying liquor projected into the receptacles from the middle
of the drum, the use of shields covering the spaces between the distributing recep-
tacles and moulds, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
Fourth. Constructing the separate receptacles for charging moulds with clarifying
or claying liquor in a centrifugal machine with lips or shields to cover the spaces
between the receptacles, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Denton Abel, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
CHA°. D. ABEL. (L.S.)