IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTON OF LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND CARRIAGES, AND IN THE COMBINATION OF THE PARTS THEREOF
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John James Turner, of 19, Salisbury Street, Strand,
London, W.C., Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTON OF LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND CARRIAGES, AND IN THE COMBINATION
OF THE PARTS THEREOF." -
Sealed the 4th January 1878, and dated the 2nd November 1877.
<
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John James Turner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd November 1877.
JOHN JAMES TURNER, of 19, Salisbury Street, Strand, London, W.C., Engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND CARRIAGES,
AND IN THE COMBINATION OF PARTS THEREOF."
The first part of this Invention relates to improvements in the construction of
locomotive engines, in which I combine two bogies, the one placed under the
engine, and the other under the tender thereof, and I attach a pair of connecting
rods from the trailing wheels to a pair of guides placed on the ends of a cross head,
and to which the connecting rods are jointed, and I also apply a similar arrange-
ment to the leading wheels of the tender, and thus upon the revolution of the
wheels the two cross heads would move backwards and forwards in guides. The
divisions of the engine framing are connected together by means of two diagonal
bars jointed to the cross heads. I prefer that the boiler be provided with a frame-
work extending from the fire-box to the smoke box, and having bearings for the
main axle, thus enabling the boiler to be maintained level, however steep the
incline may be, and the cylinders are by preference placed inside the smoke box.
The second portion of my Invention relates to improved wheels to be fitted to
locomotives, tenders, and carriages, and consists in combining wooden bodies in
which the fibres radiate from the centre outwards, and are compressed between two
iron rings, the exterior edges strongly pressing upon india-rubber bands of suitable
section by means of screw bolts; the wooden parts forming the body of the wheels
are kept in their places by two shoulders or ribs on the rings. These rings fit into

page_text: two circular grooves cut in one face, or in both faces of the radially arranged pieces
of wood. The outer ring or both rings pressing the india-rubber band should have
a series of flutes or grooves for receiving or gripping and holding the elastic ring or
band,
For outside driving wheels the central boss for receiving the inner ends of the
"end grain on " pieces forming the body of the wheel may have a boss cast upon
it, in which the driving pin is secured.
The driving wheels are fitted in every case with india-rubber tires or rings held
between the corrugated or grooved surfaces of the rings or plates of the wheel, so as
to retain the elastic ring forming the tire and bearing surface, and hold them firmlý
up to their work, and these rings may be of a convex cross section on their
periphery; and where wheels wholly of iron are employed, the elastic ring is
similarly held and secured from slipping by radial or circular grooves, and the outer
plate or ring of each wheel is bolted or secured to the inner ring.
The third part of my Invention relates to improved rails or running surfaces, by
which the worn surface or edge can be replaced by the unused or unworn surface
or edge.
For agricultural lines of railways and tramways I employ longitudinal timbers of
suitable section, framed together by means of iron stretchers, or tie bars, or
shouldered timbers, or connecting pieces interposed between the inner faces of the
two longitudinals, or, in some cases, partly between.and partly under them.
Where iron rails or bearing surfaces are necessary or desired, I mount them on
the upper face of these longitudinals, and employ channel irons of suitable section,
within which I fit by compression a longitudinal strip of timber, and then bolt or
screw the rail down by its flanches.
Transverse sleepers or bearers may
increase the width of base or bearing su
e introduced beneath the longitudinals to
ace for the load.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John James Turner in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st May
1878. .
JOHN JAMES TURNER, of 19, Salisbury Street, Strand, London, W.C., Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND CARRIAGES,
AND IN THE COMBINATION OF THE PARTS THEREOF."
The first part of this Invention relates to improvements in the construction of
locomotive engines, in which I combine two bogies, the one placed under the
engine, and the other under the tender thereof, and I attach a pair of connecting
rods from the trailing wheels of the engine to the ends of a cross head working in
guides, and to which the connecting rods are jointed, and I also apply a similar
arrangement to the leading wheels of the tender, and thus open the revolution of
the wheels; the two cross heads would move backwards and forwards in guides.
The divisions of the engine framing are connected together by means of two
diagonal bars jointed to the cross heads. In this case I prefer that the boiler be
provided with a framework extending from the fire-box to the smoke box, and having
bearings for the main axle, thus enabling the boiler to be maintained level, however
steep the incline may be, and the cylinders are by preference placed inside the
smoke box.
The second portion of my Invention relates to improved wheels to be fitted to
locomotives, tenders, and carriages, and consists in combining wooden bodies in
which the fibres radiate from the centre outwards, and are compressed between two
iron rings, the exterior edges strongly pressing upon india-rubber bands of suitable
section by means of screw bolts; the wooden parts forming the body of the wheels
are kept in their places by two shoulders or ribs on the rings. These rings fit into
two circular grooves cut in one face, or in both faces of the radially arranged pieces
of wood. The outer ring or both rings pressing the india-rubber band should have
series of flutes or grooves for receiving or gripping and holding the elastic ring or
band.
For outside driving wheels the central boss for receiving the inner ends of the
"end grain on" pieces forming the body of the wheel may have a boss cast upon it,
in which the driving pin is secured.
The driving wheels may be fitted with india-rubber tires or rings held between
corrugated or grooved surfaces of the rings or plates of the wheel, so as to
retain the elastic ring forming the tire and bearing surface, and hold them
firmly up to their work, and these rings may be of convex cross section on their
periphery; and where wheels wholly of iron are employed, the elastic ring is
similarly held and secured from slipping by radial or circular grooves, and the
outer plate or ring of each wheel is bolted or secured to the inner ring.
The third part of my Invention relates to improved rails or running surfaces, by
which the worn surface or edge can be replaced by the unused or unworn surface or
edge.
For agricultural lines of railway and tramways I employ longitudinal timbers of
suitable section, framed together by means of iron stretchers, or tie bars, or
shouldered timbers, or connecting pieces interposed between the inner faces of the
two longitudinals, or in some cases partly between and partly under them.
Where iron rails or bearing surfaces are necessary or desired, I mount them on
the upper face of these longitudinals, and employ channel irons of suitable
section, within which I fit by compression a longitudinal strip of timber, and then
bolt or screw the rail down by its flanches.
Transverse sleepers or bearers may be introduced beneath the longitudinals to
increase the width of base or bearing surface for the load.
When iron rails are used, I employ a sleeper of tee iron, on which I place a
moveable shoe or chair, having a suitably formed groove or channel in its upper and

page_text: under surfaces, into which I introduce the foot of the rail and the web of the tee
iron sleeper respectively, securing them by bolts and keys as required.
In the accompanying Sheet of Drawings I have shewn modifications of some of
the modes or methods in which I prefer to put my Invention into practice,—
Figure 1 being an engine and tender; A is the principal frame thereof; B, the
engine bogie; C, the tender bogie; D and E being the cross head guides, within
which the cross heads, jointed to the connecting rods F and G, move backwards and
forwards.
Figure 2 is the plan of the engine and tender, shewing the bogies of each; H
and I being the cross heads; J, K, L, and M, the connecting rods of the same; N, O,
P, Q, being the guides to the connecting rods.
Figure 3 is a view of the boiler, which shows the main axle frame.
Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 shew modifications of my tee iron sleeper with moveable
shoe or chair.
Figures 8 and 9 shew a wooden sleeper with joint to wooden rail.
Having now described my Invention of "Improvements in the Construction of
Locomotive Engines and Carriages, and in the Combination of the Parts thereof,"
I wish it to be understood that what I claim is,―
First. The use or employment of two bogies, one under the engine and one under
the tender, substantially as herein described, and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings.
Secondly. The mode or method, herein described, and illustrated by the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings by Figures 1 and 2, of combining and securing engine
and tender bogies by the arrangement shown between the trailing wheels of the
engine and the leading wheels of the tender.
Thirdly. The modes or methods, herein described, of constructing wheels, and of
combining and securing together the parts of such wheels, as herein set forth.
Fourthly. The use or employment of tee iron sleepers in connection with iron
rails and chairs, substantially as herein described, and illustrated by Figures 4, 5, 6,
and 7.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-
seventh day of April, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.