IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Ogden, of Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Ironfounder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PUMPS."
Sealed the 5th November 1858, and dated the 10th May 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Ogden
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th May 1858.
I, WILLIAM HENRY OGDEN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Ironfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PUMPS," to be as follows (that is to say):-
This Invention consists of a novel arrangement of parts use to construct
double-action pumps for ships and other purposes; one piston or plunger
being used in combination with a double set of valves which are fitted to a
box or frame, which is so placed that it can be readily fixed in or removed
from its position by hand. This valve box is divided transversely through the
centre to form two distinct,compartments, the bottoms of which are fitted with
suction valves, and the tops with delivery valves. The cylinder in which the
working piston is enclosed is placed on one side of the valve box, and the
communication between the valves and the pump barrel are formed by two
pipes or passages extending from openings formed in the side of the valve
frame or box, at a point between the upper and lower valves, one of which
pipes or passages extends from one of the valve chambers to the bottom of the
cylinder, and the second from the other valve chamber to the top of the
cylinder; by which arrangement, on the up stroke of the piston, the water (or
other fluid) is drawn up through the lower valve of the chamber connected

page_text: with the lower end of the pump cylinder, and on the down stroke the lower
valve closes, and the upper valve opens and delivers its water, and at the same
time the water is drawn through the other lower valve, which is in com-
munication with the upper end of the pump cylinder by the down stroke of
the piston, and which water is delivered through the upper valve on the up or
return stroke, and so on alternately during the whole time the pump is at
work.
+
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Henry Ogden in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 10th November 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
HENRY OGDEN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Ironfounder, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto the said
William Henry Ogden, Her special licence that I, the said William Henry
Ogden, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Henry Ogden, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PUMPS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Henry
.Ogden, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
.ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Henry Ogden, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention consists of a novel arrangement of parts used to construct

page_text: double-action pumps for ships and other purposes; one piston or plunger
being used in combination with a double set of valves, which are fitted to a
box or frame, which is so placed that it can be readily fixed in or removed
from its position by hand. This valve box is divided transversely through the
centre to form two distinct compartments, the bottoms of which are fitted with
suction valves, and the tops with delivery valves. The cylinder in which the
working piston is enclosed is placed on one side of the valve box, and the
communication between the valves and the pump barrel are formed by two
pipes or passages extending from openings formed in the side of the valve
frame or box at a point between the upper and lower valves, one of which
pipes or passages extends from one of the valve chambers to the bottom of the
cylinder, and the second from the other valve chamber to the top of the
cylinder; by which arrangement on the up stroke of the piston, the water or
other fluid is drawn up through the lower valve of the chamber connected
with the lower end of the pump cylinder, and on the down stroke the lower
valve closes, and the upper valve opens and delivers its water, and at the same
time the water is drawn through the other lower valve, which is in com-
munication with the upper end of the pump cylinder by the down stroke of
the piston, and which water is delivered through the upper valve on the up or
return stroke, and so on alternately during the whole time the pump is at
work.
To construct a pump according to this Invention, on the head of the
suction pipe a square or other suitably shaped box or chamber is formed,
having an opening (by preference of a parallelagramical form) in its bottom
communicating with the passage of the suction pipe, into which the lower
portion of a valve frame of a peculiar construction, which is hereafter
described, is introduced. A little above the bottom of the box there is an
horizontal flange cast or formed all round the chamber, upon which is bedded
a flate plate or second bottom, which has also an opening formed in it
coinciding with the opening in the bottom of the chamber; upon this plate
the pump barrel is cast or mounted, and below which two passages are formed,
one of which extends from an opening in the side of the valve frame to tho
bottom of the cylinder, in which works a solid piston or plunger, and the
other forms a communication from another side opening in, the valve frame
to a passage or port which opens into the barrel of the pump above the
piston.
The valve box consists of a vertical sided frame, by preference of a parallela-
gramical form, which is divided into two compartments by a diaphragm
extending across the centre. The top and bottom of each of the compartments

page_text: of the valve frame are provided witli à valve which opens upwards, and in the
side of the valve frame two lateral openings are formed, which coincide with
the two passages which leads therefrom (one to the top of the other to the
bottom of the cylinder in which the piston works). The upper edges of
the valve frame are formed with a flange all found, the upper side of which
form the seats for the two upper valves which cover the top of the two
compartments into which it is divided, and the lower side acting as a collar
upon which it rests when placed above the suction pipe, by being introduced
into the holes formed in the upper and lower bottom of the chamber which
are formed to receive it. The lower valves (when clack valves are used) are
formed by introducing a piece of leather (or other suitable material) of the
required form into the lower portion of the valve frame by means of an
horizontal groove or slot cut longitudinally through the side of the frame and
the partition which divides the frame into two chambers, the leather being
secured within the groove of the diaphragm forms the hinge or joint of the
two lower valves, which have their seats formed by a moulding cast or formed
within the valve frame. After the leather or other substitute used in forming
the lower valves is inserted in its place, a piece of wood or other suitable
material is used to close the longitudinal side opening, and which also acts as
a packing for the valve frame on which the two side openings are formed, has
its face covered with a piece of leather, which is held in position by means of
flanges formed round the ports, and an horizontal ridge constructed on the
lower part of the side of the frame; this packing is introduced for the purpose
of making good the joint between the valve box ports and the pipes or
passages which lead to the top and bottom of the piston cylinder. The valve
box or frame is further provided with a grating at the bottom, to prevent solid
matter coming in contact with the valves, and with a bowed handle at the top
for lifting it from its seat at the bottom of the chamber when required for
examination or repair, which can be readily done by hand.
That this my said Invention may be the more readily seen and understood,
I have hereunto annexed Drawings illustrative of its practicable application
to a lift pump, like letters and figures marked thereon having reference to
similar parts.
Figure 1 is an elevation (partially in section), the discharge valves being
omitted to more fully exposed to view the valve, frame, and bottom of the
pump barrel. Figure 2 is a plan of the pump barrel with the side passage
to the upper port and the seal plate to which the cylinder is fixed, and on
which rests the box or frame containing the double set of valves. The dotted
lines shew the position of the water passages from the valved box to the pump.

page_text: barrel. Figure 3 is a perspective view of the box containing the double set
of valves, as seen on the side next the pump barrel.
A, the suction pipe, having fixed on the head thereof B, a chamber or
water space, into the upper portion of which is fitted C, a valved box
or frame, which is divided into two parts by D, a diaphragm. E and E' are
openings in the side of the valved frame, which coincides with the passages
or pipes which extend to the upper and lower ports of the pump barrel when
the valved frame is in its place; F, suction valve of the lower port of the
pump barrel; G, delivery valve for ditto; F', suction valve of the upper port
of the pump barrel; G¹, delivery valve for ditto; II, bowed handle for con-
venience in moving the valved frame; I, chamber in which the water is
received, and which is discharged. throwing a sozzle in the side; K, pump
barrel which is cast with L, a passage or port, which communicates with the
top of the cylinder; M, piston rod; N, connecting rod; O, cranked driving
shaft, which works in P, P, bearings; Q, Q', two supporting standards for
the cranked driving shaft; R, fly wheel on driving shaft.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of this my said
Invention, and how the saine may be performed, I wish it to be understood
that I do not confine myself to the precise details or dimensions herein-before
set forth, as the same may be varied without departing from the Invention;
but what I claim is,―
First, the construction and use of the valved box or frame herein-before
described, or any mere modification of the same.
And, lastly, the peculiar combination of the various parts used in the con-
struction of pumps, as herein-before described, or any mere modification of
the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Henry Ogden, have hereunto set
my hand and affixed my seal, this Ninth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
0
Witness,
WILLIAM WALKER,
of 44, Castle Street,
Liverpool.
WILLIAM HENRY (L.S.) OGDEN.