IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPINDLES AND FLYERS USED IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Fairbairn, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
SPINDLES AND FLYERS USED IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS." A communication from abroad by Jules Fontenelle,
of Paris, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Fairbairn at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th February 1880.
CHARLES FAIRBAIRN, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPINDLES AND FLYERS USED IN SPINNING AND
DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS." (A communication from
abroad by Jules Fontenelle, of Paris, France.)
This Invention relates to the construction and arrangement of the spindles and
flyers of machines known as throstles and doubling frames, and more particularly
to that class of such machines wherein the spindles are stationary and do not
revolve, and the flyers are placed in an inverted position with their arms extending
upwards in order to facilitate the doffing of the bobbins without unscrewing or
removing the flyers from the spindles.
The spindles may be fixed in a single rail, but by preference I fix the same in
two rails so as to obtain greater steadiness, the said rails having the usual rising
and falling motion imparted thereto for the proper laying on of the thread onto
the bobbins.
The bolster is fixed, and into it the tubes or bolsters through which the spindles
pass are screwed or otherwise firmly attached.
These bolsters are bored out larger than the spindles, so that the latter can
pass freely through them but without actually touching. The tubes of the flyers
revolve on these fixed tubes or bolsters, which may either be parallel or cylindrical
from end to end or reduced in diameter at the central part, so as to diminish the
friction by allowing the flyer tubes only to touch at the top and bottom, or the
inside of the flyer tube may be enlarged excepting at the top and bottom for

page_text: the same purpose, or the bobbin may be bushed through from end to end, the
spindle being reduced at the top and bottom so as to fit only at the centre.
The bobbins are supported on flanges fixed near the upper end of the spindles,
and may be fitted with short metal bushes at each end so as to revolve freely on
the spindle, or the spindle may be fitted with a small loose bush at the top or
bottom, or both.
It is preferable to use a cloth or other washer between the flange and the bobbin
to give the requisite amount of "drag" to the latter.
Above the usual curl on the top of the flyer I lengthen the arms about an
inch each, and at the extreme ends I form a second "curl" or eye, by which means
I am enabled to give the yarn a turn or two round the arm so as to obtain a
"drag" on the yarn, and I thus lessen the "pull" at the rollers and reduce the
liability to breakage of the yarn at that point.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Fairbairn in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th August
1880.
CHARLES FAIRBAIRN, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPINDLES AND FLYERS USED IN SPINNING AND
DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS." (A communication from
abroad by Jules Fontenelle, of Paris, France.)
This Invention relates to the construction and arrangement of the spindles and
flyers of machines known as throstles and doubling frames, and more particularly
to that class of such machines wherein the spindles are stationary and do not
revolve, and the flyers are placed in an inverted position with their arms extending
upwards in order to facilitate the doffing of the bobbins without unscrewing or
removing the flyers from the spindles.
Such being the nature and object of the said Invention, I will now proceed to
describe in detail the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or
carried into practical effect, and in order that the same may be clearly understood
I have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked
the same with Figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the
following explanation thereof:-
The spindles a, a, (see section Fig. 1 on the Drawing) may be fixed in a single
rail, but by preference I fix the same in two rails b and 6x so as to obtain greater
steadiness, the said rails having the usual rising and falling motion imparted
thereto for the proper laying on of the thread onto the bobbins c, c.
The bolster rail d, d, is fixed, and into it the tubes or bolsters e, e, through
which the spindles a, a, pass are screwed or otherwise firmly attached. These
bolsters e, e, are bored out larger than the spindles a, a, so that the latter can pass
freely through them but without actually touching, so that no vibration whatever
is communicated to the fixed spindle a, a. The tubes ff, of the flyers revolve on
these fixed tubes or bolsters e, e, which may either be parallel or cylindrical from
end to end or reduced in diameter at the central part, so as to diminish the
friction by allowing the flyer tubes f, f, only to touch at the top and bottom, or
the inside of the flyer tube may be enlarged excepting at top and bottom for the
same purpose. The bobbins c, c, are supported on flanges g, g, fixed near the
upper end of the spindles a, a, and may be fitted with short metal bushes at each
end so as to revolve freely on the spindle, or the spindle a, a, may be fitted with
a small loose bush at the top or bottom, or both, or the bobbin c, c, may be bushed
through from end to end, the spindle being reduced at top and bottom so as to fit
only at the centre. It is preferable to use a cloth or other washer between the
flange g, g, and the bobbin c, c, to give the requisite amount of "drag" to the
latter; a metal washer h, h, is shown on the Drawing.
Above the usual "curl" i, i, on the top of the flyer I lengthen the arms about an
inch each, and at the extreme ends I form a second "curl" or eye k, k, see also
side view Fig. 2, by which means I am enabled to give the yarn a turn or two
round the arm so as to obtain a "drag" on the yarn, and I thus lessen the "pull"
at the rollers and reduce the liability to breakage of the yarn at that point, or I
sometimes form the "curl" as shown at Fig. 3.
Having now described the nature and object of the said Invention together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into
practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim as the Invention communi-

page_text: cated to me by the said Jules Fontenelle, the general construction and arrangement
of the spindles and flyers as above described and illustrated by the Drawings
annexed, and more especially I claim boring out the bolsters larger than the fixed
spindles to prevent the communication of vibration thereto.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Fairbairn, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Third day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
CHARLES FAIRBAIRN. (L.S.)