Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 31st Aug.. 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 5th Oct., 1888
DECEDIR
We, FELIX GODARD (Engineer) of 54 Rue de l'Alma, Cherbourg (Manche) and
CHARLES PETIT (Engineer) of Indret (Loire Inférieure) both in France, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to an improved steam boiler in which the water is caused to
continually circulate in a given direction, and at a certain point in its course to give
up the steam generated which passes into a separator where it is deprived of the
moisture in suspension before being utilized. This general functional arrangement
constitutes together with a horizontal circulation of the furnace gases, the two principal
features of the invention, as will be hereinafter fully described.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specifi-
cation, wherein figure 1 represents a part sectional longitudinal elevation of part of
our improved steam boiler and figure z a half sectional front elevation of the same.
Figure 3 is a part sectional longitudinal elevation and figure 4 a half-sectional front
elevation of a modification. Figures 5 and 6 shew in elevation and section the mode
of fixing the boiler tubes in the tube plate. The same letters of reference represent
like parts in all the figures.
The boiler shewn in figures 1 and 2, comprises (1) water spaces a forming the side
walls of the boiler; (2) series of sinuous tubes c communicating by their ends with
the top and bottom of the water space a (3) a purifier or steam chest d connected
by tubes e with the upper part of the water space a (4) an external furnace or
combustion chamber 6 placed beneath the heating chamber which is situated between
the two water walls a and contains the water tubes c amongst which the furnace gases
circulate. The heating chamber is separated from the water walls a by a non-
conducting lining a² enclosed at top and bottom by refractory arches f. The gases
enter the heating chamber at one end and traverse it in a horizontal direction, passing
out into the smoke box g. In the present example there are two groups of water
tubes connected respectively to the two water walls forming the sides of the boiler,
and a single steam chest d extending nearly the entire length of the boiler.
As the

page_text: clusters of water tubes c only, are exposed to the heat, the water contained becomes
partly vaporized and the mixture of water and steam rapidly rises in the tubes and
flows out into the upper part of the space a where the first separation takes place, the
water descending and returning into circulation while the wet steam passes into the
separator d where it separates from the last traces of the water held in suspension.
The space a and tubes e thus form a complete cycle of continuous circulation wherein
the steam is separated as fast as it is generated. The water is not impeded in its
descent in the water space and naturally returns to the lower part of the cluster of
tubes e, and as no part throughout the whole length of said tubes is horizontal or
downwardly inclined, the formation of steam spaces is completely avoided. The
separator d is represented as of cylindrical form and the pipes e lead into an annular
space between the outer shell and a baffle plate h concentric therewith, so that the
water suspended in the steam trickles down these surfaces and collects at the bottom,
while the steam escapes at slits or notches in the lower edge of the baffle plate.
kare transverse divisional plates apertured at bottom for checking the return flow of
the water, and are longitudinal baffle plates for preventing the upward projection
of the water. The steam pipe extends within the whole length of the separator d
at its upper part and has narrow slits to give passage to the steam. The water
collected at the bottom of the separator may be drawn off by the feed pump or by the
inductive action of the feed water passing through a sort of injector, or by allowing it
to flow off through a pipe m into the water spaces a. The feed water enters the
upper part of the water spaces through pipes n extending their entire length and
perforated so as to facilitate and determine the separation of the steam from the
foaming water.
As the capacity of the water spaces is considerable, it is not indispensable for the
feed to be absolutely continuous, but it is better that the feed pump should be
independent of the engine and under the control of the engineer. Although a separate
feed would be provided for each water space, the two spaces communicate at bottom
by a pipe o. The water level should be a little below the upper ends of the water
tubes c, but may be still lower without inconvenience and is indicated on the usual
water gauges 1.
The boiler illustrated is not designed for any particular use, and the arrangement of
the furnace below is like that of an ordinary return draught boiler; the furnace may
however he placed at the end.
The water walls may be constructed entirely of angle iron and boiler plate
strengthened by cross-stays, but in the example here shewn, the top and bottom is
formed by castings a' in which the ends of the water tubes e are fixed.
When the castings are of steel, the sides would be made either of iron or steel plate,
while if the castings are of brass, copper plates would be used for the sides.
The water spaces may also be constructed wholly of castings or of plates; the water
tubes being in that case connected at top and bottom to collectors united by numerous
vertical tubes, and by dividing these collectors into sections and connecting the first
section of the upper collector with the second section of the lower collector and so on,
and by introducing the feed water into the first section of the lower collector, the
water after rising through a first series of water tubes e will after parting with the
steam formed, be returned to the bottom of the next adjacent series of tubes c in
order to recommence a fresh cycle and so on, until it has passed through the whole
series of tubes in succession and has reached the other end of the boiler. This arrange-
ment is illustrated in part sectional longitudinal and front elevations in figures 3 and 4.
The general arrangement of the boiler is similar to that shewn in figures 1 and 2, the
same letters of reference serving for like parts wherever they recur.
a a cylindrical water spaces united by vertical pipes a a. furnace, c water
circulation tubes, d steam chest or purifier connected by tubes e with the upper water
space a top and bottom of heating chamber containing tubes cg uptake, baffles
in the heating chamber for prolonging the contact of the gases with the water
tubes c.
In this arrangement the flat vertical water spaces are replaced by two pairs
of cylindrical chambers a¹ a¹ connected by vertical tubes a, both a and a' being made

page_text: of boiler plate. The water tubes c are connected at their upper and lower ends with
the chambers a' a' and the water circulates continuously, as before described. The
chambers a' a' are situated outside the furnace and are provided with man holes s at
one end.
The details of construction of the boiler may evidently be varied without departing
from the invention, for example the water tubes c may be fixed in any suitable manner
in the side of the water space a¹, one method of fixing being shewn in figures 5
and 6.
The circulation tubes shewn, are in single lengths but, especially in large boilers,
they may be formed of short lengths united by joints which would however, be exposed
to the heat.
In this improved boiler, there is no risk attending the use of a large number of
tubes as the ends fixed in the water spaces are entirely unexposed to the flames,
whereas in an ordinary boiler of the same power, the firebox would contain quite as
many stays, rivets, and tube joints.
This boiler is applicable for use as a stationary, marine, or locomotive boiler; and
in the latter case, the furnace would preferably be located in an extension of the tube
chamber.
D
A
"
1
7007
F. GODARD.
C. PETIT.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
We, FELIX GODARD (Engineer) of 54, Rue de l'Alma, Cherbourg, (Manche) and
CHARLES PETIT, (Engineer) of Indret (Loire Inférieure) both in France, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
Our Invention relates to an improved steam-boiler in which the water is caused to
continually circulate in a given direction and at a certain point in its course to give up
the steam generated which passes into a separator where it is deprived of the moisture
in suspension.before being utilized. This general functional arrangement constitutes,
together with a horizontal circulation of the furnace gases, the two principal features
of the invention, as will be hereinafter fully described.
Reference is to be had to the drawings left with the provisional specification, wherein
figure 1 represents a part sectional longitudinal elevation of part of our improved
steam boiler, and figure 2, a half sectional front elevation of the same. Figure 3 is
a part sectional longitudinal elevation, and figure 4 a half sectional front elevation of
a inodification. Figures 5 and 6 shew, in elevation and section, the mode of fixing
the boiler tubes in the tube plate. The same letters of reference represent like parts
in all the figures.
The boiler shewn in figures 1 and 2 comprises (1) water spaces a forming the side
walls of the boiler; (2) series of sinuous tubes è communicating by their ends with
the top and bottom of the water-space a; (3) a purifier or steam chest & connected
by tubes e with the upper part of the water spaces a; (4) an external furnace or
combustion chamber placed beneath the heating chamber containing the water-tubes c
amongst which the furnace-gases circulate and situated between the water-walls a
from which the heating chamber is separated by a non-conducting lining a¹ enclosed
at top and bottom by slabs f of refractory material. The gases enter the heating
chamber at one end and traverse it in a horizontal direction, passing out into the
smoke box g at the opposite end.
In the present example, there are two groups of water-tubes c connected respectively
to the two water walls forming the sides of the boiler and a single steam chest d
extending nearly the entire length of the boiler. As the clusters of water tubes c
only, are exposed to the heat, the water contained becomes partly vaporized, and the
mixture of water and steam rapidly rises in the tubes and flows out into the upper part
of the space a where the first separation takes place, the water descending and
returning into circulation while the wet steam passes into the separator d where it
separates from the last traces of the water held in suspension. The spaces a and tubes c
thus form a complete cycle of continuous circulation wherein the steam is separated
as fast as it is generated. The water is not impeded in its descent in the water space
and naturally returns to the lower part of the cluster of tubes c, and as no part
throughout the whole length of said tubes is horizontal or downwardly inclined, the
formation of steam spaces is completely avoided.
The separator d is represented as of cylindrical form and the pipes e lead into an

page_text: annular space between the outer shell and a baffle plate / concentric therewith, so that
the water suspended in the steam trickles down these surfaces and collects at the
bottom, while the steam escapes at the slits or notches i in the lower edge of the
baffle plate h.
kare a series of transverse division-plates apertured at bottom for
checking the return flow of the water, and are longitudinal baffle plates for
preventing the upward projection of the water. The steam pipe extends within the
whole length of the separator d at its upper part and has narrow slits to give passage
to the steain. The water collected at the bottom of the separator may be drawn off
by the feed pump, or by the inductive action of the feed water passing through
a sort of injector, or by allowing it to flow off through a pipe m into the water
spaces a.
The feed water enters the upper part of the water spaces through pipes n extending
their entire length and perforated so as to facilitate and determine the separation of
the steam from the foaming water. As the capacity of the water spaces is con-
siderable, it is not indispensable for the feed to be absolutely continuous but it is better
that the feed pump should be independent of the engine and under the control of the
engineer. Although a separate feed would be provided for each water space, the two
spaces communicate at bottom by a pipe o. The water level should be a little below
the upper ends of the water-tubes c but may be still lower without inconvenience and
is indicated on the usual water gauges p.
The boiler illustrated is not designed for any particular use, and the arrangement
of the furnace below is like that of an ordinary return draught boiler, the furnace
may, however, be placed at the end.
The water walls may be constructed entirely of angle iron and boiler plate
strengthened by cross-stays; hut, in the example here shewn, the top and bottom of
the water-walls are formed by castings a' in which the ends of the water tubes c are
fixed. When the castings are of steel, the sides would be made either of iron or
steel plate, while if the castings are of brass, copper plates would be used for the sides.
The water spaces may also be constructed wholly of castings or plates; the water
tubes being in that case connected at top and bottom to collectors united by
numerous vertical tubes, and by dividing these collectors into sections and connecting
the first section of the upper collector with the second section of the lower collector
and so on and by introducing the feed water into the first section of the lower
collector, the water after rising through a first series of water-tubes c will, after
parting with the steam formed, be returned to the bottom of the next adjacent series
of tubes c in order to recommence a fresh cycle and so on until it has passed through
the whole series of tubes in succession and has reached the other end of the boiler.
This arrangement is illustrated in part sectional longitudinal and front elevations in
figures 3 and 4. The general arrangement of the boiler is similar to that shewn in
figures 1 and 2 and the same letters of reference serve for like parts wherever they
recur.
ala, cylindrical water spaces united by vertical water tubes a a. b, furnace.
e, water circulation tubes. d. steam chest or purifier connected by tubes é with the
upper water-spaces a. top and bottom of heating chamber containing tubes c.
9, uptake. baffles in the heating chamber for prolonging the contact of the gases
with the water-tubes c. In this arrangement the flat vertical water spaces are
replaced by two pairs of cylindrical chambers a³ a¹ connected by vertical tubes a,
both a and a being made of boiler plate. The water tubes a are connected at their
upper and lower ends with the chambers a' al and the water circulates continuously,
as before described. The chambers aa¹ are situated outside the furnace and are
provided with man-holes s at one end.
The details of construction of the boiler may evidently be varied without departing
from the invention, for example the water tubes may be fixed in any suitable manner
in the side of the water space a², one method of fixing being shewn in figures 5 and 6.
The circulation tubes shewn are in single lengths but they may, especially for large
boilers, be formed of short lengths united by joints which would however, be exposed
to the heat.

page_text: In this improved boiler there is no risk attending the use of a large number of tubes,
as the ends fixed in the water spaces, are entirely unexposed to the flames whereas in
an ordinary boiler of the same power the firebox would contain quite as many stays,
rivets, and tube joints.
This boiler is applicable for use as a stationary, marine, or locomotive boiler; and,
in the latter case, the furnace. would preferably be located in an extension of the tube
chamber.
The chief advantages of this construction of boiler are:-
Ist. Non-liability to explosion, owing to the water-spaces, separator, etc; not being
exposed to the heat.
2nd. Rapidity with which steam pressure can be raised.
3rd. Possibility of working at very high pressures.
4th. Saving of fuel, due to the arrangement of the furnace and horizontal flues.
5th. Limited space occupied, the boiler being approximately in the form of a
parallelopiped. Thus a boiler of 750) horse power would occupy only a space of
25 cubic metres (about 873 cubic feet) or 0.033 cubic decimetres (1.16 cubic feet) per
horse power.
6th. Lightness, a boiler of 750 horse power weighing only 12,000 kilos (about
11.8 tons) or 16 kilos (about 35 pounds) per horse power.
7th. Sure and regular action, the circulation of the water being rapid and forced,,
thus keeping the inner surfaces of the tubes clean. The separation of the steam is
also methodically effected and all risk of water passing away with it prevented.
Sth. All the desired indications are given by the gauge, which is not the case with
any of the so-called circulation boilers."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1st. The improved construction of steam boiler herein described whereby a
continuous circulation of the water and separation of the steam are obtained as
specified, and more particularly. (a) The employment in combination of a water space
and group of water tubes connected therewith and of a separator communicating
with the upper part of said water space in which the steam is collected. (4) The
arrangement of external furnace or combustion chamber with horizontal circulation
of the gases in the chamber containing the water tubes.
2nd. A steam boiler constructed with flat vertical water walls, substantially as
described and represented in figures 1 and 2.
3rd. The herein described construction of steam boiler illustrated in figures 3 and 4
in which the water-walls are constituted by horizontal tubes, connected by vertical
tubes, substantially as described.
4th. The steam separator or purifier herein before described and represented in
figures 1 and 2.
Datad this 21st dov of August 1888