AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND ORNAMENTATION OF METALLIC BEDSTEADS, PART OF WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Horace Chavasse, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Manufacturer, Timothy Morris, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Manufacturer, and George Battison Haines, of
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Agent, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND ORNAMENTATION
OF METALLIC BEDSTEADS, PART OF WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER
ARTICLES."
Sealed the 15th August 1862, and dated the 22nd February 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Horace Chavasse, Timothy
Morris, and George Battison Haines at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 22nd February 1862.
We, HORACE CHAVASSE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, TIMOTHY MORRIS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, and GEORGE BATTISON HAINES, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND ORNAMENTATION
OP METALLIC BEDSTEADS, PART OF WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER ARTICLES,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in covering the materials or part covering them
ונע

page_text: either before or after manufacture with brass, bronze, German silver, or metal
or other metallic alloy, by means of the electro-deposit process. The
surfaces of the said materials having been prepared in one or more of the
following ways:-
Firstly, coating the surface of the material with tin, lead, or some alloy of
lead, tin, or other soft metal by dipping them when made of iron in the
molten metal, and then drawing them when so coated through apertures or
holes in draw bench plates where admissable, but where this cannot be
done by burnishing the soft surfaces. Sometimes we draw the iron through
draw bench plates before we dip them in the molten metal, as well as
afterwards.
Secondly, we prepare the materials for making metallic or other bedsteads,
cornice poles, balusters, and other articles of a like nature by ornamenting
and covering them or part covering them with stamped or thin cast ornaments,
or drawing tubes upon them, these tubes or ornaments to be made of zinc,
lead, or some cheap alloy, as of lead and tin, lead and antimony, filling up
any of the cavities or hollow spaces with gypsum, cement, or a mixture of
gypsum, cement, or lime with any cheaper substances.
Thirdly, we also manufacture bedsteads, cornice poles, balusters, and other
articles of a like nature with zinc tubes, on which we deposit brass, bronze,
or other metal or alloy of metal filling up the tubes with cement as before
stated, or other suitable material.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Horace Chavasse, Timothy Morris, and George Battison
Haines in the Great Seal Patent Office, on the 21st August 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HORACE
CHAVASSE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer,
TIMOTHY MORRIS, of Birminghain, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer,
and GEORGE BATTISON HAINES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reiga, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Horace Chavasse, Timothy Morris, and George Battison Haines,

page_text: Her special licence that we, the said Horace Chavasse, Timothy Morris,
and George Battison Haines, our executors, administrators, and assigns, -
or such others as we, the said Horace Chavasse, Timothy Morris, and George
Battison Haines, our executors, administrators, and assigns should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise,and vend,within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND ORNAMENTATION OF METALLIC
BEDSTEADS, PART OF WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER ARTICLES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Horace Chavasse, Timothy
Morris, and George Battison Haines, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our; or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Horace Chavasse, Timothy Morris, and
George Battison Haines, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
Our Invention of an improvement or improvements in the manufacture
and ornamentation of metallic bedsteads, curtain rods,cornice poles, balusters,
and other articles of metallic furniture, which improvements are also applicable
to other useful purposes, and consist,-
Firstly, in preparing and coating the before mentioned articles either before
or after being manufactured with tin, or lead, or both combined, and afterwards
electro-depositing upon the same brass, bronze, German silver, metal, or other
metallic alloy.
Secondly, in dispensing either wholly or partly with the use of iron in
the manufacture of the before-mentioned articles by substituting for the
same zinc tubing, which may be either plain, fluted, cabled, twisted, or other-
wise ornamented.
Thirdly, in casting, stamping, or otherwise manufacturing ornamental
designs composed either of zinc or tin,and lead or tin, and autimony combined,
and in depositing upon them by electro-deposition a coating of brass, bronze,
German silver, metal, or other metallic alloy.
In making bedsteads according to our Invention we take the iron, and

page_text: having first freed it from the scale or oxide in the usual manner, pass it
through a draw bench plate,which produces a smooth equal surface; we then
give it a coating of tin or lead in the usual manner, aud again pass it through
the draw bench plate, by which means we get a smooth bright surface. It
is then in a condition to receive a coating of brass, bronze, German silver,
metal, or other metallic alloy by the usual electro-deposit process. When
we cast corners of iron on the pillars we sometimes only clean and draw
the rods smooth before casting on the corners, we then tin, dress, burnish, or
polish them before electro-depositing the brass, bronze, German silver, metal
or other metallic alloy upon them.
Another improvement consists in covering the iron rods with sheet zinc,
the edges of the zinc being well soldered together either before or after being
placed upon the iron; we sometimes draw it when so coated through a draw
bench plate to make the zine fit as closely as possible to the iron, and then
the electro deposit is applied as before (described. We also make the tubes,
(which may be straight or tapered, fluted, or otherwise ornamented,) of zine
or of any of the before-named alloys, and electro-deposit upon and finish
them in the manner herein-before described; they are then slipped on the
pillars, and secured by screwing on the knobs at the tops, and the knobs (or
knobs and bowls at the bottom. In making the head and foot rails of the
before mentioned bedsteads we cut the prepared iron into lengths, and bend
them when required into any desired shape or form, and then unite them
by casting ornaments upon them, which may be composed of any suitable
metal or metallic alloy,such as lead and tin,lead and antimony, or lead, tin,and
antimony combined, and cast in moulds formed of iron, sand,or plaster of Paris,
but we prefer to cast them in moulds made of brass or gun metal in order to
obtain sharper and clearer impressions. If it is intended to join two or more
pieces of iron together to form a portion of a bedstead, or to form part of any
other article, we use a mould made of brass orgunmetal cut to any ornamenta!
pattern or design, and so made as to admit of the rods or pieces of iron intended
to be joined together being placed in their proper position within such mould
which mould we prefer should be previously heated to the fusing heat or
nearly to the fusing point of the metal to be used in casting such ornaments.
And while in a heated state the molten metal or metallic alloy before dc-
scribed is poured into the mould, and thereby unites more firmly together the
rods or pieces of iron before described. We then deposit the metal or metallic
alloy upon it by electro-deposition, and finish by burnishing or polishing and
lacquering in the ordinary manner. We also make the beads, knobs, and

page_text: other ornaments of the sheet metal or other metallic alloys herein-before
described, or we cast them in moulds, in one or more parts according to the
pattern or design for which they are intended, and finish them in the manner
herein-before described.
In making bedsteads according to this part of our Invention, our object
being to obtain a bolder and more noble and massive looking article, which
we accomplish by making shell ornaments of zinc, sheet tin, or of any of the
alloys herein-before described by stamping, spinning, or drawing them in two
or more parts, and of any desired size and pattern, and soldering them
together, and afterwards fitting them in one or more parts upon the bedstead
pillars either in part, or over their entire length, and in securing the same at
each end thereof in any suitable manner, and we deposit the brass, bronze,
German silver, metal, or other metallic alloy upon such ornaments either
before or after they have been fixed upon the pillars of the bedsteads, and
finish them by burnishing or polishing and lacquering, and in order to
prevent indentation, we sometimes fill up the cavities or hollow spaces with
gypsum, cement, or a mixture of gypsum, cement, or lime, or any cheap and
light substance as sawdust, either alone or mixed with cement, glue, size,
resin, or pitch.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we wish it distinctly to be understood that
we do not confine ourselves strictly to the method herein described of carrying
our said Invention into effect, as we have only described the same so far as
it relates to metallic bedsteads, but it is evident that our Invention may
likewise be advantageously employed in the manufacture and ornamen-
tation of curtain rods, cornise poles, ballusters, and other articles of metallic
furniture, but what we claim as our Invention, and desire to secure by Letters
Patent is,
First, the preparing and coating iron with tin or lead, or both combined,.
and afterwards electro-depositing upon the same brass, bronze, German silver,
metal, or other metallic alloy, and manufacturing such iron either before or
after it is so prepared into bedsteads, curtain rods, cornice poles, balusters,
and other articles of metallic furniture.
Secondly, In using zinc either upon or as a substitute for iron, and pro-
ducing thereon a surface in the manner. herein-before described for the
reception of the electro-deposition of brass, bronze, German silver, metal,
or other metallic alloy.
And,lastly, we claim the application ofstamped,spun, or drawn zinc or shee

page_text: tinned ornaments to increase the size and beauty of the articles intended to
be manufactured, and the electro-deposition thereon of brass, bronze, German
silver, metal, or other metallic alloy.
In witness whereof, we, the said Horace Chavasse, Timothy Morris,
and George Battison Haines, have hereunto set our hands and seals,
this Twenty-first day of August, One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-two.
itness,
HENRY HALL.
TIMOTHY MORRIS.
For self, and Horace Chavasse.
GEORGE BATTISON HAINES.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)
(L.S.)