Improvements in or relating to the Utilization of Flax and Tow Wet' Spinning Waste.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Oct., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 10th July, 1897--Accepted, 14th Aug., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION..
Improvements in or relating to the Utilization of Flax and Tow Wet'
Spinning Waste.
I, WILLIAM CARTER of The Drift Antrim Road, Belfast in the County of Antrim,
Flax Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In the wet spinning of flax and tow a comparatively short fibred waste is produced
which at present is sent to the paper mills to be made into paper it being considered
incapable of being spun into yarn.
Now my invention is designed to accomplish this latter purpose. I first dry the
wet waste and then run it through a specially adapted teaser card. This teaser card
differs from the ordinary chiefly in that the cylinder and feed roller and also the
delivery roller are closer together than usual. After passing through the teasing it is
if necessary carded again and then put over a drawing and roving frame specially
adapted for short fibre. In this roving frame very much smaller rollers than usual
have to be used and the frame is arranged with a very short nip. The machinery in
general for utilizing this material comes rather nearer cotton inachinery. It can be
spun either dry or wet, and by cotton machinery in whole or in part.
Dated this 13th day of October. 1896.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6 Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to the Utilization of Flax and Tow Wet
Spinning Waste.
I, WILLIAM CARTER, of The Drift Antrin Road, Belfast, in the County of Antrim,
Flax Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in the utilization of wet-spinning wastes, and
has for its object the production of yarn from the waste made in the wet-spinning of
flax and tow which so far as I am aware has not hitherto been successfully accomplished.
The chief use to which this waste has been hitherto put has been the making of
paper.
I find I can carry out the invention by several methods of treatment and I will
fully describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings in which apparatus
applicable for the purpose is illustrated..
Fig. 1. Side elevation of breaker or teaser card.
chanism of came

page_text: Fig. 10. Front elevation of same.
Fig. 11. Plan of doffer or delivery mechanism of same.
Fig. 12. Back elevation of drawing or roving frame showing revolving conductors.
Fig. 13. Back elevation of drawing or roving frame showing revolving band and
conductors.
Fig. 14. Side elevation of part of spinning frame showing an arrangement of
automatic feed.
Fig. 15. Front elevation of same.
In carrying out the invention I take the wet-spinning waste (after it has been dried)
and in its matted or tangled state and pass it through or over a breaker or teaser card
(such as shown in Fig. 1) or other machine for opening it out from its matted condition.
This teased waste may be taken from the teaser card either loose or in sheets or any
other way, but preferably by means of a doffing roller A (Fig. 1.) with quick doffing
knife C and travelling band B by which the short fibred material may be conveyed to
the delivery rollers D and delivered into a sliver can or be carried by the scotch feed or
other carrier F to the next machine. Two machines may be supplied by this teaser
at the same time by dividing the material as it comes off the doffer as in Fig. 3.
In the carrying out of the further preparation of this wet-spinning waste for the
spinning frame I prefer to adopt the carder condenser system used in woollen and
cotton spinning in which the material is carded in a series of increasingly finer cards
or carding engines, Fig. 4.
The teased or carded fibre from the breaker card, Fig. 1 is delivered to the condenser
card, Fig. 4,in regulated quantities by the feed hopper J. This card, or the final card of
the series, is provided with two or more dofting rollers A clothed with separated bands d
of pinned clothing (Fig. 5), such bands running true and separated from one another
by corresponding spaces sufficiently broad to prevent the fibres on one band from
touching those on the next. These bands on the different doffers are placed opposite
spaces on the other doffer so that the carded material may be stripped evenly across
the face of the card cylinder and delivered in the form of narrow strips or slivers.
These slivers are received by a condensing apparatus R Figs. 4 and 5 by which the
separated narrow slivers are compressed and rubbed into the form of rove or a simple
twisting device may be used to give the rove more strength. The rove K is then built
in the form of cheeses K¹ by means of a traverse motion and by bearing on the
revolving cylinder L. When these are sufficiently full they are lifted out and sent to
the spinning frame which may be arranged for either wet or dry spinning. The rove K
is automatically fed to the spinning rollers O P Q (Fig. 6) by resting upon the
cylinder M which revolves at the same surface speed as the roller Q thus preventing
the rove from being strained.
In a modified arrangement or method of dealing with wet-spinning waste as illustrated
by Figs. 7 to 15 the fibre after being carded and teased in the breaker card Fig. 1 is
passed over or through a finisher card, Fig. 7 to 11, being delivered to the card in
regulated quantities by a good description of automatic feed mechanism such as J.
This card differs from the ordinary tow finisher card in having the ordinary doffer
gathering rollers or taking up rollers a¹ (which are used for collecting the carded
material from the doffer and forming it into a sliver) placed much closer to the doffer
cylinder A than in the ordinary tow card -having on each of the said taking up
and
or
rollers a more than three (which is the usual number) collecting or condensing

page_text: bosses a¹ or collecting divisions for taking the carded material from the doffer A
so that this short fibred material may not have so far to travel before being
condensed, and may not be so liable to "drop" or be tossed in being conducted to the
collecting point; or I may dispense with these forms of taking up rollers and
or
introduce a travelling band or bands which will assist in conveying the carded
material from the doffer or doffers A to a condensing or a delivery roller or rollers
(situate either at the side or in front of the doffer) and with or without a drawing head
by which the material can be delivered into cans or other receptacles, or be conveyed by
a Scotch feed or other such carrier to other machines. I then pass the condensed
material or sliver over one or more drawing frames and a roving frame, such frames
having a suitable drawing arrangement such as gills and fallers, the nip or distance
between the foremost faller and the "bight" of the drawing rollers being made
shorter than is usual in tow machinery, so as to draw this short fibred material level
and prepare it for the spinning frame. Any other form of carding or drawing
apparatus may be employed if found desirable. And in case where the sliver is too
weak to carry from the can or receptacle to the next machine revolving conductors,
see Fig. 12, or endless revolving bands, see Fig. 13, may be adopted to assist in carry-
ing it.
The spinning frames arranged for either wet or dry spinning and having the rollers
and reaches proportioned to the short fibres in this material are preferably fitted with
an arrangement by which the rove can be automatically fed to the rollers to avoid
straining. This can be effected by building the rove on a tube instead of a flanged
bobbin and by fitting the spinning frame with small revolving drums or cylinders S,
Figs. 14 and 15, driven at the necessary speed upon which the rove bobbins can rest
and so be revolved without dragging the rove.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The utilixation of wet spinning wastes from flax and tow by the manufacture or
production of yarn therefrom substantially as described.
Dated this 30th day of June 1897.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents