Improvements in Tubular Steam Boilers.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 21st June, 1894-Accepted, 28th July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tubular Steam Boilers.
I, ALFRED BLECHYNDEN of Cavendish Park, Barrow-in-Furness, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
-
•
My invention relates to improvements in tubular steam boilers. In one form of
boiler constructed according to my invention I employ two water chambers by
preference of D section which extend along the sides of a fire grate, the flat
surfaces of the chambers forming tube plates, and from these, tubes incline upwards
and inwards to a steam and water chamber situated at the apex of the angle formed
by the two sets of tubes.
In some cases the inner row of tubes on each group may have their diameters
enlarged for a portion or portions of their lengths, the enlarged portion of one tube
touching the enlarged portion of the next so that the spaces between are filled up
and thus tubulous walls or baffles are formed to direct the flow of gases from the
fire to the principal groups of tubes. In other cases these enlarged tubes may form
the outer row to direct the outflow of gases from the tubes, or the two arrangements
may be combined to further retard, baffle, or direct the discharge of the gases.
Or I may employ tubes in the outer and inner rows, the enlarged portions of which
extend almost from tube plate to tube plate so as to form practically close walls for
the greater portion of their length. These are placed so as to act as baffles by
arranging some ordinary or open tubes on the inner wall, opposite to the enlarged
tubes on the outer wall, or vice versa. Where desired walls of refractory or other
material may also be used to direct the gases among the tubes. In combination
with any of these arrangements I may employ an additional row or rows of such
enlarged tubes either straight or curved outside the whole at each side of the
boiler with a space between them and the other groups of tubes, to form a
protecting wall to the outer casing, or in place of using enlarged tubes this wall
may be formed of two rows of tubes of uniform diameter bent together so that the
tubes of one row fill the spaces left by the other. The boiler has the usual down
pipes placed outside of the furnace casing and connecting the upper and lower
chambers so as to secure the circulation of the water.
For the purpose of permitting the withdrawal of the ordinary straight or open
tubes through the upper steam chamber I arrange holes provided with suitable
plugs in the upper portion of same so that upon the removal of a plug one or more
tubes as desired may be withdrawn through the hole, one of which is arranged to
serve for several tubes.
The inner and outer rows of enlarged baffle tubes may be secured in screw
sockets attached to the respective tube plates or be otherwise secured to the plates
80 that they may be readily removed into the spaces forming the furnace or smoke
box as the case may be.
ليوم
1
1000

page_text: Improvements in Tubular Steam Boilers.
I, Alfred BLECHYNDEN, of Cavendish Park, Barrow-in-Furness, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in tubular steam boilers. In one form of
boiler constructed according to my invention I employ two water chambers by
preference of D section which extend along the sides of a fire grate, the flat
surfaces of the chambers forming tube-plates, and from these, tubes incline upwards
and inwards to a steam and water chamber situated at the apex of the angle
formed by the two sets of tubes.
In some cases the inner row of tubes on each group may have their diameters
enlarged for a portion or portions of their lengths, the enlarged portion of one tube
touching the enlarged portion of the next so that the spaces between are filled up
and thus tubulous walls or baffles are formed to direct the flow of gases from the
fire to the principal groups of tubes. In other cases these enlarged tubes may
form the outer row to direct the outflow of gases from the tubes, or the two
arrangements may be combined to further retard, baffle, or direct the discharge
of the gases. Or I may employ tubes in the outer and inner rows, the
enlarged portions of which extend almost from tube plate to tube plate so as to
form practically close walls for the greater portion of their length. These are
placed so as to act as baffles by arranging some ordinary or open tubes on the inner
wall, opposite to the enlarged tubes on the outer wall, or vice versa. Where desired
walls of refractory or other material may also be used to direct the gases among
the tubes. In combination with any of these arrangements I may employ an
additional row or rows of such enlarged tubes either straight or curved outside the
whole at each side of the boiler with a space between them and the other groups of
tubes, to form a protecting wall to the outer casing, or in place of using enlarged
tubes this wall may be formed of two rows of tubes of uniform diameter bent
together so that the tubes of one row fill the spaces left by the other. The boiler
may have the usual down pipes placed outside of the furnace casing and connecting
the upper and lower chambers so as to secure the circulation of the water if
desired.
For the purpose of permitting the withdrawal of the ordinary straight or open
tubes through the upper steam chamber I arrange boles provided with suitable
plugs in the upper portion of same so that upon the removal of a plug one or more
tubes as desired may be withdrawn through the hole, one of which is arranged to
serve for several tubes.
The inner and outer rows of enlarged baffle tubes may be secured in screw
sockets attached to the respective tube plates or be otherwise secured to the plates
so that they may be readily removed into the spaces forming the furnace or smoke
box as the case may be.
In the accompanying drawings my invention is illustrated in connection with a
boiler of the type before referred to, and in these-
Fig. 1 is a sectional end elevation of a portion of a boiler the upper and lower
chambers ab respectively being connected by a nest or group of tubes e the inner
and outer rows of which have their lower and upper portions respectively enlarged
as at d such enlarged portions touching each other so as to form close walls or
baffles thus causing the gases from the fire grate indicated at e to circulate through
the nest c as shown by the arrows and to escape between the outer row.
The
boiler shown is also provided with an additional row of tubes enlarged at the part f
to form a protecting wall to the outer casing (not shown) while leaving between the
nest of tubes and said wall an open flue or collecting chamber for the gases.

page_text: Fig. 2 is a similar view to Fig. 1 but shewing the arrangement of the enlarged
part of the tubes reversed and without a protecting wall.
The inner and outer rows of enlarged baffle tubes in both these figures it will be
seen are secured at their lower ends in screw sockets (though it may be their upper
or both ends which are so secured) a construction of which is shewn on an enlarged
scale in Fig. 3 in which it will be seen that the end of the tube is screwed at g
and fits over a similarly screwed socket which is screwed into the tube plate i so.
that upon unscrewing the sockets h from the inside of the tube plate the inner and
outer tubes may be withdrawn into the furnace or into the flue or chamber formed
by the additional row of tubes (if such are employed) as the case may be, the
straight tubes composing the nest being drawn through the plug holes in the
chamber a.
Fig. 3 shews another form of socket.
But the ends of the inner and outer rows of tubes may be secured by simple.
expansion in the usual way if preferred.
Fig. 4 is a sectional side elevation of Fig. 2 looking to the right to shew the
close wall formed by the enlarged parts d of the tubes.
Fig. 5 shews a portion of a boiler taken on line x Fig. 6 in which the enlarged
parts d extend practically the whole length of some of the tubes of the outer row,
Fig. 6 being a plan shewing one arrangement of the tubes from which it will be
seen that some open tubes on the inner wall face the close wall of tubes on the
outer wall for a portion of the distance until the arrangement is reversed the close.
wall coming on the inner row and facing an open wall on the outer row the
arrangement being again reversed at the end of the nest.
Such close walls may be of any desired length even to the extent of being only.
say two three or more close tubes placed side by side the object being to suitably
check the draft and distribute the gases over the heating surface.
Fig. 7 is a view taken on the line y y of Fig. 8 which two figures show the
reverse arrangement to Figs. 5 and 6.
In both Figs. 5 and 7 the enlarged tubes may be provided with the screw sockets.
and the chamber a with the plugs if desired.
In Fig. 9 the additional rows of tubes are formed by two rows of tubes kk
which are bent so as to run close together side by side for a considerable distance
to form the protecting wall d'.
Some of the tubes of the nest c are shown in dotted lines as being withdrawn.
through the plug holes j. These tubes are secured in the tube plate m preferably
by expansion in the usual way and are put in place and withdrawn through the
holes in the top of the chamber one of which serves for several tubes, the amount.
of slackness left in the tube hole being sufficient together with the space between
each tube and its neighbour to allow the necessary inclination for the purpose. In
the figures the tube plates m and i are shown as thickened and this is desirable' in.
order to strengthen the plates.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged plan of an arrangement of plug holes I may employ such
view showing one plug hole in this case serving for the withdrawal of seven tubes.
but by suitably pitching the tubes and proportioning the diameter of the upper
chamber and the holes in the top more tubes may if desired be drawn through one
hole.
In Fig. 11 one form of plug suitable for closing the plug holes is shown
although plugs or covers of many other forms may be employed.
I am aware that it is not new to employ as walls tubes with enlarged bodies or
tubes with contracted ends and I do not therefore broadly claim the same but-
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a tubular boiler of the type illustrated the employment of tubes enlarged

page_text: for a greater or less portion of their diameter and arranged as baffle walls
substantially in the manner described.
2. In a tubular boiler of the type illustrated the employment of an additional
row of tubes outside the nest arranged to form a close wall either by enlarging a
portion of the tube or by running two tubes close together side by side so as to
leave an open flue or collecting chamber for the gases between the nest and the
wall substantially as described.
3. In a tubular boiler having a lower water chamber connected to an upper
chamber the means whereby the tubes connecting the chambers may be withdrawn
substantially as described.
4. A tubular boiler having holes for the purpose of withdrawing the tubes
through and plugs or covers for closing said holes the parts being constructed and
arranged substantially as described.
Dated this 14th day of June 1894.
For the Applicant,
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.