Improvements in Roofing Tiles and Flushing Tiles around Chimneys and Party and Parapet Walls.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in Roofing Tiles and Flushing Tiles around
Chimneys and Party and Parapet Walls.
I GEORGE HENRY COUCH of 64 Upland Villas, Selsdon Road Croydon in the
County of Surrey, Carpenter and Joiner now a general merchant do hereby declare
the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to produce a strong and light form of tile so made as
to more effectually resist the effects of wind and weather than those now employed.
And my invention consists in the hereinafter described method of arranging and
fitting the tiles.
First I form preferably upon the right hand side of each tile a kind of sheath, the
lower part of such sheath I hollow out so as to form a gutter, this gutter being
provided with a lip at its lower end so as to engage and rest in and fit over a suitably
formed projection and cavity on the face of the tile that it over-laps. The upper part
of the said sheath is caused to lap over a suitably formed fillet or projection provided
preferably upon the left hand side of each tile such fillet or projection sliding into and
being held in the sheath of the next tile as required. The lower end of the said fillet
or projection being enlarged so as to cover or close the end of the over lapping
upper part of the sheath into which such fillet or projection fits.
Second, a suitable recess is formed in the centre and under the lower end of the
tile to fit over the upper end of the sheath of the tile below, a groove or recess being
formed in the upper end of the said sheath and on the face of the tile alongside of it
so as to carry off water as required.
Third, diagonal grooves or channels are made on the faces of the tiles so as to
carry the water obliquely from the centre of one tile to the centre of the next and so
eventually off the roof.
Suitable moulds are used in making the sheath, and the surfaces of the different
recesses and grooves in the tiles and where such parts overlap each other they may be
formed with suitable teeth and grooves, the said surfaces may be finished of as
required by suitably arranged small revolving grindstones emery wheels or by hand
as preferred. If it is not desired to grind the surfaces true, I do this by filling them

page_text: up with liquid asphalte or the like, this material being applied by means of suitable
moulds clamped or affixed to the tiles for the purpose.
I form flushing tiles around chimney stacks and against party walls and parapet
walls in the following manner
These tiles are made in two parts of the required height and thickness, and between
the abutting sides of such two parts I form teeth or nibs.
These tiles rest with their edges upon the roof tiles (the sheath part of such roof
tiles, where the said flushing tile edges rest, is dispensed with and a projection on the
side of the face of the said roofing tiles being substituted for such sheath) and are
secured thereto by asphalte or some similar material which is filled in between the two
parts of the tile and between the said teeth or nibs, and the adhesion of the asphalte
will fix the flushing tiles to the roof tiles as required.
By the above arrangements a light and strong water-tight roof is secured.
Improvements in Roofing Tiles and Flushing Tiles around
Chimneys and Party and Parapet Walls.
I GEORGE HENRY COUCH of 64 Upland Villas, Selsdon Road Croydon in the County
of Surrey, Carpenter and Joiner, now a general merchant, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to produce a strong and light form of tile so made as
to more effectually resist the effects of wind and weather than those now employed.
And my invention consists in the hereinafter described method of arranging and
fitting the tiles.
First I forin preferably upon the right hand side of each tile a kind of sheath, the
lower part of such sheath internally I hollow out so as to form a gutter, this gutter
being provided with a lip at its lower end so as to engage and rest in and fit over a
suitably formed projection and cavity on the face of the tile that it over-laps. The
upper part of the said sheath is caused to lap over a suitably formed vertical fillet or
projection provided preferably upon the left hand side of each tile, such fillet or
projection sliding into and being held in the sheath of the next tile as required. The
lower end of the sheath being closed.
Second, a suitable recess is formed in the centre and under the lower end of the
tile to fit over the upper end of the sheath of the tile below, a groove or recess being
formed in the upper end and on the face of the said sheath to prevent water being
driven endwise between the upper and lower tile.
Third, diagonal grooves or channels are made on the faces of the tiles so as to carry

page_text: recesses and grooves in the tiles and where such parts overlap each other they may be
formed with suitable teeth and grooves; the said surfaces of such teeth and grooves
may be finished of as required by suitably arranged small revolving grindstones or
emery wheels.
I form flushing tiles around chimney stacks and against party walls and parapet
walls in the manner as hereinafter described and shown in figs. 7, 8, 9 of the
drawings.
In order that my invention may be fully understood I will proceed to describe it
more particularly by the aid of the accompanying drawings in which are represented
my improved roofing and flushing tiles.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a roofing tile.
Fig. 2 is an end view from the lower end of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a section of fig. 1 showing a piece of a next side tile also in section
showing the mode of fitting the tiles.
Fig. 4 is a side elevation of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a vertical central section of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken through the sheath D of fig. 1.
Figs. 7, 8, 9, are end view, plan, and side view, of a flushing tile.
Upon the right hand side of each tile (or left if so desired) I form a kind of
sheath, D, the lower part of such sheath I hollow out internally, so as to form the
gutter H, this gutter being provided at its lower end with an outlet O, so that any
water may fall on to the tile that it overlaps, the upper part of the said sheath D is
caused to lap over the vertical fillet or projection D¹ formed upon the left hand side of
each tile, (or right hand if so desired) each fillet or projection sliding into and being
held in the sheath of the next tile as required (it will be seen that when one tile is
thus inserted in another they form a chain, thereby connecting each firmly together
laterally). The lower end of the said sheath being closed so as to cover or close the
end of the said fillet or projection.
A suitable recess B is formed in the centre of the projection E on the face of the
upper end of the tile to receive the lower part of the sheath D, also a recess is formed
in the centre of the under side projection E¹ with a tongue C in the centre of the
same, to fit over the upper end of the sheath D and into the groove C of the_tile
below, such groove C being formed in the upper end of the face of the sheath D to
prevent anything being driven through end wise between the upper and lower tiles.
Diagonal grooves G or channels are made on the faces of the tiles, so as to carry the
water obliquely from the centre of one tile to the centre of the next, away from the
sheath D, and so eventually off the roof.
The diagonal grooves shown may be varied as desired provided they carry the water
from centre to centre of the adjacent tiles.
The projection E upon the face of the upper end of the tile, and also the projec-
tion E¹ upon the back of the lower end of the tile, are formed so as to engage each
other to prevent snow, water or the like from being driven endwise between the
upper and lower tiles, so as not to wholly depend on the straight laps for preventing
the entrance of the same.
The said tiles when laid as above described, "bond" each other together like
slates.
There are no open vertical joints in the face of the tiles when laid exposed to the
weather, nor are there any unprotected irregular corners.
If desired I may dispense with the lower half of the sheath D and gutter without
affecting my various combinations on the face and edges of the tile, the object of this
lower part of the sheath being to provide additional security against weather.

page_text: A is a projection for fixing the tile to the roof with nails or screws, if desired lugs
or nibs may be used instead.
. B' is the lower part of the sheath D passing over the recess B.
F is the main body of the tile.
I and I are joints where the tiles meet each other at their bottom ends.
J is a groove or channel in the sheath to receive J¹.
Flushing tiles I prefer to make with " rebated" edges on one side and two ends, the
bottom edge S rests on the top edge of the fillet or projection D¹ of the roofing tiles,
the plinth T covers over the joint and rests on the face of the roof tile F, the rounded
fillet T covers over the end joint of the next flushing tile, which may be either
vertical or at right angles with the face of the tile F-the part R¹ joins R of the next
tile, and S joins the side of the fillet or projection D¹.
These tiles may be of any desired length or width, quite plain or ornamented on
their faces as desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is ;
First The combination in roofing tiles of a sheath provided with an internal
gutter H having an outlet at its lower end, together with the fillets and pro-
jections D, E, E, the recess B in the projection E, and the recess in the centre of the
under side projection E, and the tongue C in the centre of the same is caused to fit
over the upper end of the sheath D and into the groove C and provided with diagonal
gutters or channels so as to carry off water from the centre of one tile to the centre
of the next below and so off the roof, all substantially and for the purpose or purposes
hereinbefore described.
And Secondly The arrangement of flushing tiles as hereinbefore described so as to
complete the roof by fitting such flushing tiles on to the said roofing tiles and against
the adjoining walls, chimneys and the like, substantially in the manner as herein before
described.
W. SPENCE & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.