Improvements in Gas and Oil Engines.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 9th Nov., 1896-Accepted, 19th Dec., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Oil Engines.
I, ANTHONY GEORGE NEW, of Palace Chambers, Bridge Street, in the City of
Westminster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
ollows:-
My invention relates to certain improvements in gas and oil engines.
In the majority of engines of this class at the present time the piston only receives
one impulse every second revolution owing to the fact that the first action draws in
the mixed gases, the second compresses them, the third gives the working explosion
and the fourth the exhaust and that consequently a considerable loss of power is
incurred during the take in and exhaust movements.
The present invention enables the piston to obtain an impulse every revolution and
the method I employ for doing this is by providing more than one cylinder for each
piston and so constructing the machine that the piston after being driven forward by
the explosion comes out of the working portion of one cylinder and returns into
another one where it compresses mixed gases which the arrangement of parts has
provided for it there and which then explode and give it another impulse from that
cylinder.
The working pistons may be made to go from cylinder to another the cylinders
being arranged in a circle or the pistons may be made so that each one works
alternately in two cylinders which are provided for it.
The method I deem at the present time will be most advantageous is to arrange two
cylinders on radial lines to the shaft and mount these cylinders on loose -bearings on
the shaft. The piston is arranged to travel backwards and forwards on the same
radial lines relatively to the shaft, on to which it works by means of an ordinary
crank. The piston at the end of its forward stroke comes out of the cylinder entirely
and is then carried in a fixed casting which forms a continuation of the working
cylinder and whenever the piston has arrived in this position the cylinders are rocked
through an angle above the shaft, bringing the second one into the exact position
originally occupied by the first one. The piston on its return therefore enters this
second cylinder. 1 propose to completely enclose the space between the cylinders and
the shaft with an air tight case and to fit on the shaft inside this case one or more fan
propellers or other means which will tend to exhaust the chamber of any air or gases
which may happen to be in it at the time. The object of this exhaust is to draw out
the exhaust gases at the end of each stroke and after having done so and drawn in air
to assist the air in being forced through a suitable pipe connected with the chamber
into the cylinder which is about to work. This air on its way to the cylinder takes up
the necessary gas or oil vapour and forms the combustible mixture ready for the
piston to compress. Suitable valves will have to be provided in connection with the
exhausting apparatus and closed chamber to regulate the exhaust and feed.
In another arrangement where the cylinders are held stationary (and possibly
arranged in a circle) I may move the castings into which the piston moves after
leaving the cylinder and which form continuations of the working cylinder from one
cylinder to the next continuously or alternately backwards and forwards between two
cylinders.
I may also arrange the two cylinders parallel to one another on the same radial

page_text: line (regarded horizontally) and mount these on slides to allow them to be moved in a
direction parallel to the shaft and thus alternately take up a working position.
I may also allow the cylinders to revolve by making the shaft a fixture and in this
case arrange for the piston-holding castings to work in a similar manner to that
described above.
By the arrangements above indicated the cylinders are kept cool owing to the
supply of a cold mixture to an open cylinder and thus a considerable amount of their
heat is carried away.
Engines.
I ANTHONY GEORGE NEW of Palace Chambers Bridge Street Westminster
Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to certain improvements in gas and oil engines.
In the majority of engines of this class at the present time the piston only receiving
one impulse every second revolution owing to the fact that the first action draws in
the mixed gases, the second compresses them, the third gives the working explosion,
and the fourth the exhaust, and that consequently a considerable loss of power is
incurred during the take in and exhaust movements.
The present invention enables the piston to obtain an impulse every revolution and
the method I employ. for doing this is by providing more than one cylinder for each
piston and so constructing the machine that the piston after being driven forward by
the explosion comes out of the working portion of one cylinder and returns into
another one where it compresses the mixed gases which the arrangement of parts has
provided for it there, and which then explode and give it another impulse from that
cylinder.
In order that my invention may be the more readily understood I hereby refer to
the accompanying sheet of drawings in which it is shewn as applied to an oil engine
with two pistons, only those portions of the mechanism being shewn however which
are characteristic of this invention, most of the parts which are common to such
engines such as the fly wheels, oil reservoirs and the like, being omitted. In the
arrangement here shewn the shaft of the engine and the pistons remain throughout
in one plane while the cylinders in which the successive explosions take place are
caused to rotate in a vertical plane in the manner below shewn and described.
In the drawings
Fig. 1. represents a side view of the appliance.
Fig.
is a horizontal section along the line -y of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3. is an end view of the revolving portion of the appliance.
The cylinders (', 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, Fig. 3. of which C, and C are shewn in section
in Fig. 2. are secured in a metal web W, W, and enclosed in a metal case F. the
whole resembling the rotating portion of an ordinary revolver. c and c¹ are fixed
continuations of the cylinders which are held in a horizontal position by the metal-
piece O which forms also a bearing for the spindle S on which the revolving cylinders
.rotate. This metal-piece O likewise forms one piece with the standard. I which.

page_text: secures the apparatus to the bedplate., B., The spindle S is secured, in position.by.the
screw caps i, . The horizontal, plate J.which is secured to the. bent. standard T' is.
provided with admission valves V, V₁ and serves to close the explosion ends, of those
cylinders which at any moment are opposite the cylinder continuations c and c². To
the outside of the case F is fixed a circular tooth rack R half of which alone is shewn
in Fig. 3. This rack engages with and is actuated by a worm wheel N which is.
driven by a ratchet wheel n engaging with the horizontally actuated ratchet H. The
ratchet His moved forward by the cam E and drawn backwards. by the spring r
attached to the fixed point and to the ratchet l'.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:--
Let it be supposed that an explosion has taken place in both the cylinders C, and C¹³:
contemporaneously driving up both the pistons towards the positions which they are-
shewn as occupying in Fig. 2. and at the same time imparting a rotary movement to.
the shaft A. At the moment in which the pistons P and P¹ emerge from the.
cylinders C and C3 and enter the cylinder prolongations c and c¹, the ratchet H having
been slowly moved forward by the action of the cam E yields with considerable
rapidity to the action of the spring r imparting a rotary motion to the ratchet wheel m
and the worm wheel M and so to the case F which is rotated through an angle of 60°
remaining locked by the worm wheel N and bringing the next two cylinders namely
Cand exactly opposite c and c¹. It will thus be seen that the instant in which
the cam permits the ratchet H to yield to the action of the spring r is slightly
subsequent to the instant at which the pistons pass from any two cylinders into the
prolongations c and e', so that they do not interfere with the rotation of the revolving
part, the result of the whole series of motions being that after their emergence from
one pair of cylinders in which an explosion has taken place the pistons return into.
the adjacent pair of cylinders to receive the next impulse.
A fan or other equivalent means of producing a current of air may be employed to.
expel the products of combustion from the cylinders as they come into the position in
which both ends are open to the atmosphere. By employing a jet of compressed air
through the spraying mechanism the explosive mixture may be introduced through.
the valves V, and V', into each pair of cylinders as they come opposite c and c¹ and in
this way the engine receives an impulse once in every revolution. This compressed
air may be obtained from a special reservoir supplied by a pump actuated by the
engine, or more conveniently in the following manner :-The ends of the cylinder
prolongations may be closed in, and provided with a valve opening outwards at a
certain pressure which is so regulated that the pressure at which the valve opens shall
not be attained by the air which is compressed by the pistons in front of them in the,.
in this case, closed prolongations c and c', until the pistons are passed completely into
these latter, and the movement changing the revolving cylinders has taken place.
The valve which at this point opens into a tube connected with a spraying apparatus
and so with the valves V and V permits the passage of the momentary blast of
compressed air through these latter and so introduces the explosive mixture into the
fresh pair of cylinders in the manner described.
As a varient upon the above arrangement the receiving cylinders may be mounted
upon a disc which is revolved in a manner similar to that shewn as applied to the
rotating cylindrical case. In this arrangement the said cylinders are pointed inwards.
and mounted radially, the fixed prolongations into which the pistons pass being then
diametrically opposite to one another and the pistons driving the shaft from opposite
sides.
I do not claim the particular means of rotating the revolving portion of the
mechanism shewn and described, as other devices such as that employed for rotating
the moveable portion of an ordinary revolver may be adopted for this purpose, but.
what I claim is :-
In an oil or similar engine the employment of a number of cylinders in such a
manner that the piston or pistons having received an impulse in one or more of those.

page_text: cylinders pass out of that cylinder or cylinders and on the return stroke enter another
cylinder or cylinders so as to enable an impulse to be obtained during each revolution
of the engine.
1000
ANTHONY G. NEW.