IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND OTHER LIGHTING AND HEATING APPARATUS FED BY MINERAL OR OTHER VOLATILE LIQUIDS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexandre Magnin, of 29, Boulevart St. Martin,
Paris, Lamp Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND
OTHER LIGHTING AND HEATING APPARATUS FED BY MINERAL OR OTHER
VOLATILE LIQUIDS:"
Sealed the 11th January 1867; and dated the 23rd July 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexandre Magnin at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd July 1866.
I, ALEXANDRE MAGNIN, of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, Lamp Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LAMPS AND OTHER LIGHTING AND HEATING APPARATUS FED BY MINERAL AND OTHER
VOLATILE LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
2...
The improved lamp forming the subject of this Invention is illustrated in
the accompanying Drawing; it is very economical, may be used without
danger, and is intended as a substitute for gas or oil lamps. There is no
liability of explosion as the petroleum spirit is immediately absorbed by the
spongy matter contained in the reservoir of the apparatus, the gas being
supplied only in proportion as it is consumed and without being subjected to
any pressure, while the spongy material is separated from the wick by a
tube. The flame being at the end of the conducting tube cannot penetrate
into the interior of the apparatus, and remains constantly in the same position,
being fed by the gas' which passes up between the two tubes of the burner.

page_text: This improved gaseous petroleum lamp may be applied to all kinds of lighting
apparatus, such as to carriage, 'shop, or street lamps, reflectors, lustres, and
otherwise. It is also applicable to heating apparatus, the heat and light being
increased by enlarging the apparatus and using a large number of burners.
This lamp besides insuring less danger in its use than gas or petroleum or
schist oils also possesses great advantage as regards economy and cleanliness.
The apparatus may be of any suitable form, and be made of metal,
glass, or porcelain. It consists of a chamber or reservoir A, which is com-
pletely filled with a spongy material for absorbing the spirit of petroleum
which becomes transformed into inflammable gas. A tube B of wire gauze
forms a free space in the centre of the spongy material for containing the
wick. The burner C is screwed to the body of the lamp, and consists of an
outer tube in which is received an inner tube a in such manner as to leave a
space between it and the outer tube; this space communicates with the
b
wire gauze or chamber B, and serves for the escape of the gas, which
again joins the wick at the end of the tube a in such manner that the gas
proceeding from the spongy material filters through the wire gauze B, passing
thence through the tube C to the space 6 in order to join the wick at the top
of the burner. As the lamp does not contain any liquid from the immediate
absorption of the spirit of petroleum, and the gas only escapes in small
quantities just sufficient for the consumption, it is thus rendered inexplosive
and may be used without danger, while, if overturned, there will not be any
liquid to be spilt, obviating those accidents from fire which are so frequent.
The lamp is further very simple in its action and cleanly in its use.
Besides the application before mentioned this improved lamp may be
used with advantage for heating ovens and for other heating purposes as a
substitute for gas.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alexandre Magnin in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th January 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDRE
MAGNIN, of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, Lamp Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said

page_text: Alexandre Magnin, Her special licence that I, the said Alexandre Magnin,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Alexandre Magnin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times. there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LAMPS AND OTHER LIGHTING AND HEATING APPARATUS FED. BY MINERAL
OR OTHER VOLATILE LIQUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Alexandre Magnin, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexandre Magnin, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):―
The improved lamp forming the subject of my Invention is illustrated in
the accompanying Drawing; it is very economical, may be used without any
danger, and is intended as a substitute for gas or oil lamps. There is no
liability of explosion as the petroleum spirit is immediately absorbed by the
spongy matter contained in the reservoir of the apparatus, the gas or vapor
being supplied only in proportion as it is consumed and without being
subjected to any pressure, while the spongy material is separated from the
wick by a tube. The flame being at the end of the conducting tube cannot
penetrate into the interior of the apparatus and remains constantly in the
same position, being fed by the gas or vapor which passes up between the
two tubes of the burner. This improved gaseous petroleum lamp may be
applied to all kinds of lighting apparatus, such as to carriage lamps or shop
or street lamps, reflectors, lustres, and otherwise. It is also applicable to
heating apparatus, the heat and light being increased by enlarging the
apparatus and using a large number of burners. This lamp besides incurring
less danger in its use than gas or petroleum or schist oils, also possesses, great_
advantage as regards economy and cleanliness.
My Invention is illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, showing several
kinds of lamIDS

page_text: Figure 1 shows a central vertical section of a small hand lamp on this
principle; Figure 2, an elevation of a similar lamp mounted on a foot;
Figures 3 and 4 show an elevation and section of a lighting apparatus for the
pocket.
These lamps may be made of metal, glass, or porcelain, and consist of a
chamber or reservoir A, which is completely filled with a spongy material for
absorbing the spirit of petroleum which becomes transformed into inflammable
vapor or gas. A tube B of wire gauze forms a free space in the centre of the
spongy material for containing the wick. The burner C is screwed to the
body of the lamp, and consists of an outer tube in which is received an inner
tube a in such manner as to leave a space b between it and the outer tube.
This space communicates with the wire gauze tube B, and serves for the
escape of the gas or vapor which again joins the wick at the end of the tube a
in such manner that the gas or vapor proceeding from the spongy material
filters through the wire gauze B, passing thence through the tube C to the
space 6 in order to rejoin the wick at the top of the burner. As the lamp
does not contain any liquid from the immediate absorption of the spirit of
petroleum, and the gas or vapor being supplied in small quantities just sufficient
for the consumption, it is thus rendered inexplosive and may be used without
danger, wbile if overturned there will not be any liquid to be spilt, so
obviating those accidents from fire which are so frequent in other lamps from
this cause.
The lamp, which may be mounted on a foot D, as in Figure 2,
is further very simple in its action and cleanly in its use.
Besides the applications before mentioned this improved lamp may be used
with advantage for heating ovens and for other beating purposes as a sub-
stitute for gas, in which case the apparatus would be made of increased size
and provided with a suitable number of burners according to the amount of
beat or light to be produced. Figures 3 and 4 represent a pocket lamp on
this principle. a, box or chamber containing the sponge or other absorbent
material 6; c, tube of wire gauze enclosing the wick d and separating it from
the sponge b; d, wick adapted to the burner f; and received in the space
formed by the tube c; the burner consists of a double tube k as before.
described with reference to. Figures 1 and 2. g, extinguishing cap; h, com-
partment for containing matches, provided with a lid or cover i, closing with
a spring or otherwise; j, outer cap enclosing the burner. The several
lighting apparatus on this principle referred to in the present description may
also be provided with draught chimneys if desired.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to be

page_text: protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the im-
proved lamps and other lighting and beating apparatus herein described for
burning all kinds of. inflammable volatile essences or mixtures of the same,
especially the volatile essence of petroleum, which is supplied to the burner
in the form of vapor, first, through the annular tube surrounding it, which
terminates in the chamber where the vapor is produced; and, secondly, in
consequence of the capillary action of the wick the inflammable volatile liquid
being absorbed in some spongy material which prevents its being spilled even
should the lanıp be overturned.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexandre Magnin, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.