Improvements in Means for Designing, Dissecting, and Setting out Patterns or Ornamental Work in Woven Fabrics, and for •Instructing Students in the Art of Weaving.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Jan., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Mar., 1897-4ccepted, 24th Apr., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Designing, Dissecting, and Setting out
Patterns or Ornamental Work in Woven Fabrics, and for
•Instructing Students in the Art of Weaving.
I GAYLARD MACK of 41 Rockley Street, Broughton Road, Pendleton, in the
County of Lancaster, Weaving Master, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My said invention relates to improved means or appliances for designing,
dissecting, analyzing and setting out patterns or arrangements of picks or
ornamental work in woven fabrics, the said invention being also useful as a means
for instructing students and others in the art of weaving.
According to my invention I provide a light square or rectangular or other
suitably shaped frame two opposite sides of which are pierced with a line or series
of equally pitched holes on the same level, or otherwise arranged which are intended
to receive the wires, pegs or slips intended to represent the weft picks for instance.
Between the ends or sides of the frame and at right angles to the said perforated
sides I tie a series of yarns or connections representing the warp ends. It will now
be easily understood that by passing the aforesaid weft pegs or wires across and
through the warp ends I may produce any desired pattern from the combination of
the weft pegs and the warp ends exactly representing what the same pattern would
be like if woven in the loom. Each weft peg or wire being separate and
independent from the others, I can rectify any error in a faulty pick or shed
without disturbing the others. As it will often be the case that certain of the warp
ends are more engaged with the wefts than the others, to prevent unequal tension
that would arise from this cause, I might weight each warp end independently and
so preserve separate tension on cach, independently of the others. The same effect
but not to so beneficial a degree might be obtained by connecting the warp ends
elastically to the end or ends of the frame. To assist the working out of the
effects I number the warp ends and weft pegs. I might also have more than one
row of weft pegs and the said weft pegs as well as the warp ends might be of
different colours so as to facilitate the production of ornamental effects in colour.
The frame being open on both sides the effect on both sides of the piece can be
seen and the most pleasing selected as the face. To illustrate the operations of the
cards 1 might mount a pegged or other barrel on the appliance to shed the warp
ends in accordance with the cards; and the punching of the cards to any design
might be facilitated by these means.
My improved appliance could be made to any suitable size, scale or proportion.
For teaching purposes in technical schools and the like might make such
appliances on a large scale so that the whole of the operations could be distinctly
seen by a class.

page_text: Improvements in Means for Designing, Dissecting, and Setting out
Patterns or Ornamental Work in Woven Fabrics, and for
Instructing Students in the Art of Weaving.
1 GAYLARD MACK of 41 Rockley Street, Broughton Road, Pendleton, in the
County of Lancaster, Weaving Master, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
drawings: :-
My said invention relates to insproved means or appliances for designing,
dissecting, analyzing and setting out patterns or arrangements of picks or
ornamental work in woven fabrics, the said invention being also useful as a means
for instructing students and others in the art of weaving. The invention will be
best understood by a reference to the annexed sheet of illustrative drawings to
which I will now refer.
According to my invention and as shown at Fig. 1, I provide a light square,
rectangular or other suitably shaped frame a two opposite sides of which are
pierced with a line or series of equally pitched' holes on the same level or otherwise
arranged which receive the wires, pegs or slips 6 intended to represent the weft
picks for instance. Between the ends or sides of the frame a and in line with the
said perforated sides, I tie a series of yarns or connections e representing the
warp'ends.
It will now be easily understood that by passing the aforesaid weft pegs or wires b
across and through the warp ends c 1 may produce any desired pattern within
reasonable limits from the combination of the weft pegs b and the warp ends c
exactly representing what the same pattern would be like if woven in the loom.
For example in the fig. I have illustrated the production of a diamond pattern
which is produced by the manipulation of the warps c and cross weft pegs b
precisely in the manner in which such a pattern would be produced by the warp and
weft in a loom.
Each weft peg or wire being separate and independent from the others, I can
rectify any error in a faulty pick or shed without disturbing the others. As it will
often be the case that certain of the warp ends c are more engaged with the wefts
than the others, to prevent unequal tension that would arise from this cause,
I might weight each warp end c independently as shown in dotted lines and so
preserve separate tension on each end independently of the others. The same effect
but not to so beneficial a degree might be obtained by connecting the warp ends
elastically to the end or ends of the frame.
To assist the working out of the effect I number the warp ends and weft pegs.
I might also have more than one row of weft pegs and the said weft pegs as well as
the warp ends might be of different colours so as to facilitate the production of
ornamental effects in colour. The frame being open on both sides the effect on
both sides of the piece can be seen and the most pleasing selected as the face.
To illustrate the operations of the cards I might mount' a pegged or other barrel on
the appliance to shed the warp ends in accordance with the cards and the punching
or pegging of the cards to any design might be facilitated by these means.
Such a modification is shown for instance in Fig. 2 where a barrel d is mounted
in the frame a beneath the warps. A pegged chain e carried on this barrel selects
and raises the warps c in their proper order and rotation to produce the pattern, the
weft pegs being inserted beneath the warp ends as they are raised by the pegs on
the chain.

page_text: In Fig. 3 the pegged chain acts on a leverf pivotted at f' the upper end of the
lever operating the warp ends.
In Fig. 4 a bell crank lever g is operated by the pegged chain so as to depress
instead of lifting the warp ends.
My improved appliance could be made to any suitable size, scale or proportion.
For teaching purposes in technical schools and the like, I might make such
appliances on a large scale so that the whole of the operations could be distinctly
seen by a class.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven--
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The improved appliance for designing, setting out and teaching weaving and.
the weaving of patterns in woven fabrics, the said appliance consisting of an open
frame containing a number of warp ends or the equivalents of such, in combination
with separate and independently mounted weft pegs carried in perforations in the
sides of the frame, all arranged and operating substantially as described and as.
illustrated.
2. An appliance of the indicated nature in which the warp ends are selected and
raised or lowered by means of pegged barrels or by chains carried in revolvable.
barrels substantially as herein before described and as illustrated.
3. The arrangement construction and combination of parts constituting the
improved appliance for the purposes and substantially as described and shown.
Dated the 22nd day of March 1897.
For the Applicant,
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Chartered Patent Agents.