IMPROVEMENTS IN SIPHONS FOR COMPRESSING AND EXHAUSTING AIR APPLICABLE TO RAISING WATER AND TO OTHER PURPOSES Communicated to me from abroad
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, ERNEST DE PASS, of 68, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Fellow of the
Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN SIPHONS FOR COMPRESSING AND EXHAUSTING AIR APPLICABLE
TO RAISING WATER AND TO OTHER PURPOSES Communicated to me from abroad'
by Arsène Baloche and Alfred Krahnass, both of 17 Boulevard Saint-Martin,
Paris, France, to be as follows:
This Invention relates to a hydraulic motor siphon without moveable parts,
said siphon being worked by a mixture of gas and liquid, and being considered.
a receiver and direct conveyer of the work of hydraulic power.
This siphon apparatus consists in the combination of a suction apparatus and a
compressing apparatus, both of which may however work independently of each
other.
Theoretically speaking, if air bubbles be introduced through a tube, perforated
at its lower end they will be carried along by a current of water if the velocity of
the current be sufficiently great, and suction of the air through the said tube will
take place. If, on the other hand, the air be introduced by suction in the tube, it
may be compressed in a bell (open at bottom) according to the vertical height of
the column of liquid. This apparatus, in the case of a low fall of liquid may be
a well, but if the fall be high, it may be a casing enclosing the whole apparatus, or
simply a conduit commencing at the bottom of the bell and rising to the same
height as the casing, or the bell may be closed, the liquid passing out through a
suitably adjusted opening in which case the bell is provided with a manometer.
This invention, which is based on the principle above mentioned, therefore
consists, in cases where the apparatus is destined for raising water, of a suction
siphon fed by water conduits. In these cases the liquid is raised from a low to a
high level and then deposited at an intermediate level.
An upper receiver is fitted with a cock for starting the siphon, and a glass
tube is provided which allows of the exit of air from the conducting tube being
ohserved.

page_text: In the elevating apparatus the descending column of liquid which returns to a
container at an intermediate level the liquid raised to an upper vessel must be
placed a little higher than the ascending column of the motor apparatus so that
when the elevating apparatus is started the liquid in the container at the inter-
mediate level may not reach the upper vessel, and during the working the liquid
in this latter may again descend with certainty to the container at the intermediate
level.
The elevation of a column of water may also be effected by pressure by
introducing at its base any desired quantity of compressed air, the upper end being
open to the atmosphere.
1
Instead of allowing the liquid to fall again from the upper vessel to the container
at the intermediate level, it may be allowed to accumulate in the upper vessel, the
descending tube and the container being dispensed with, then, when the upper
vessel has become full the air tube and the descending tube are closed by means of
cocks, slides or valves, the liquid being drawn off by allowing air to pass into the
upper vessel. The liquid will then be raised direct in this apparatus, but the air
which had been allowed to enter the upper vessel must be afterwards drawn off
by the working of the apparatus. An apparatus working automatically may be
employed for this purpose.
The liquid may also be raised to the required height, by the suction of the
siphon simply, this being done by means of an apparatus in which the successive
admissions of air into the upper vessel, as well as the suction of this air by the
siphon are performed automatically by a float acting on a slide.
With suitable modifications this apparatus may be used in cases where the
ascending column contains air with the liquid. In these latter forms of apparatus
a regulating air receiver is interposed on the air tube.
This siphon worked by a mixture of gas and liquid may also be employed for
dredging and cleaning rivers by means, of a tube in which the air forced by the
siphon produces a strong ascending current; for directing on one point the collective
work of several siphons at different places, from one or several water ways; for
cleansing sewers, and for elevating water to great heights by means of a series of
successive stages. It may likewise be applied to aerating, ventilating and drying
purposes; to the transmission of motive power, to the transport or elevation of
grain and fine powders by rarefied or compressed air; to distillation and evaporation
in a vacuum, without fire, or almost without fire, and without a vacuum pump;
to the manufacture of ice and to the production of a vacuum for emptying
cesspools.
Dated this 15th day of March 1884.'

page_text: I, ERNEST DE PASS, of 68 Fleet Street, in the City of London, Fellow of the
Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN SIPHONS FOR COMPRESSING AND EXHAUSTING AIR, APPLICABLE
TO RAISING WATER, AND TO OTHER PURPOSES, Communicated to me from abroad
by Arsène Baloche and Alfred Krahnass, both of 17 Boulevard Saint-Martin;
Paris, France, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that
is to say:
This invention relates to improvements in siphons for compressing and exhausting
air, applicable to raising water and to other purposes, and it has for object to
construct a hydraulic motor siphon without moveable parts, which may be worked
by a mixture of gas and liquid and which may be considered as a receiver and
direct conveyer of the work of hydraulic power.
This apparatus consists in the combination of a suction apparatus and of a
compressing apparatus, which, however, may work independently one of the other.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 represents in sectional elevation, a
theoretical sketch of the suction syphon apparatus; Fig. 2 represents the sectional
elevation of the compressing apparatus. Fig. 3, represents a sectional elevation of
the improved apparatus capable of either working or conveying hydraulic power,
and Fig. 4 represents, in plan, a theoretical sketch of the invention.
Theoretically speaking if air bubbles be introduced into the tube T (Fig. 1)
which is perforated at its lower end, they will be carried along by a current of
water if the velocity of the current be sufficiently great, and suction of the air
through the tube T will take place.
In fig. 2, the air is introduced by suction into the tube I, and it is compressed so
much the more in the bell 00 (open at bottom) as the vertical height of the
column of liquid M S is greater. The theoretical cylinder M, P, Q, N, in the case
the fall H, of liquid, is low, may be a well, but if this fall be high, this cylinder
would be a casing enclosing the whole apparatus, or simply a conduit O, O, W, Y, Z,
as shewn in dotted lines, and commencing at the bottom of the bell and rising as
high as the level M; or one or the other may be divided by closing the bell and
allowing the liquid to escape through a suitably adjusted opening in which case the
bell would be provided with a manometer.
In order that the working of the apparatus may be readily understood, I proceed
to describe, by way of example, an arrangement in which water may be raised
from A up to W (Fig. 3) by depositing it in the vessel U, and this by means of a
suction syphon fed by a water conduit. The bottom of the upper receiver Z, is
shaped as shewn in dotted lines f, f. The cock R serves only for starting the
syphon; the glass tube X allows of the exit of air, through the holes of the tube T,
being observed. In the elevator apparatus shewn to the right in Fig. 3 the
descending column W U, which returns, to the vessel or container U U, the water
raised up to W, must be placed a little higher than the ascending column P Q of
the motor apparatus, so that when the elevating apparatus is started the water in
the vessel U may not reach the upper vessel W, and during working the water of
the vessel W may again descend, with certainty, to the container U, U.
The elevation of a column of water may also be effected by force, by introducing
at its base any desired quantity of compressed air, the upper end being open to the
atmosphere. Instead of allowing the water to fall again from the vessel W to the
container U, U, it may be allowed to accumulate in the vessel W, the descending

page_text: tube W, U and the container U, U being then dispensed with, then when the
vessel W has become full, the air tube T and the ascending tube are closed by
means of cocks, slides or valves, the water being drawn off by allowing air to pass
into the vessel W. The water will then be raised direct in this apparatus but the
air which had been allowed to enter the vessel W, must be afterwards drawn off
by the motor. An apparatus working automatically may be employed for this
purpose...
The water may also be raised to the required height simply by the suction of the
syphon, this being effected by means of an apparatus in which the successive
admission of air into the vessel W, as well as the suction of this air by the syphon
are performed automatically by a float acting on a slide.
With suitable modifications this apparatus may be used in cases where the
ascending column contains air with water.
In these latter forms of apparatus a regulating air receiver is interposed in the
air tube T.
i
This syphon, worked by a mixture of gas and liquid, may also be employed for
dredging and cleaning rivers, by means of a tube in which the air forced by the
compressing syphon would produce a strong ascending current; for directing on
one point the collective work of several syphons at different places from one or
several water ways; for cleansing sewers, and for elevating water to great heights
by means of a series of successive stages:
In the case of very low artificial falls obtained by a barrage, shewn in Fig. 4, this
barrage of V-shape, has its opening in an up stream direction and the syphon takes
the water at A at the apex of the V, and delivers it in B at the apex of a V placed
in an inverse direction to the first one. There will be at the hollow bow A of the
barge an elevation of the level of the water and at the hollow stern B of the barge
a depression, and thus a veritable water fall will be furnished to the syphon A B.
The apparatus may likewise be applied to aerating, ventilating and drying
purposes; to the transmission of motive power; to the elevation of liquids; to
the transport or elevation of flour or fine powders by rarefied or compressed air;
to distilling and evaporating in a vacuum without fire, or almost without fire, and
without a vacuum pump; to the manufacture of ice and to the production of a
vacuum for emptying cess-pools.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
1. The novel combination, substantially as described, of a suction apparatus and
of a compressing apparatus, capable of working independently the one of the other,
and constituting a hydraulic syphon motor without moveable parts, and worked by.
a mixture of gas and liquid; whatever may be the special arrangement of the
suction or compressing apparatus-and-the-accessory parts.
2. The improved construction and arrangement of hydraulic syphon motor,
without inoveable parts, consisting in the combination of a suction apparatus and
a compressing apparatus, worked by a mixture of gas and liquid, substantially as
described and as illustrated in the drawings, and for the purposes set forth, said
suction apparatus and compressing apparatus being capable of working inde-
pendently the one of the other.