Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 24th Sept., 1896

page_text: conditions of use. For a purpose to be referred to hereinafter the ends of successive
wires of different sizes are not connected directly but are brought out at the end of the
coil, as clearly shown at d, e, f, Figures 1, 2, 3 and a plug board O is mounted in
proximity to the magnet so that the ends of the different wires can be coupled
together in any desired manner.
The other feature of the winding and one which is particularly important in the
attainment of the desired result, whether wires of different sizes be employed or
not, is the reversing of the direction of winding of the wire about the core at the
end of every second layer. This is clearly illustrated in Figures 8, 9, 10, each one
of which figures indicates the manner of winding of the successive layers of wire
upon a single core, there being for each double layer two representations of the
core so that the direction of winding both to and fro upon the core may be
indicated. Thus in Figure 8 the heavy wire D which lies nearest to the core is
represented as being wound about the same in the direction of movement of the
hands of a watch in both the first layer, when the winder is moving, forward, and
in the second layer, when the winder is moving back toward the end at which its
movement commenced. To make the illustration clearer but two layers of the first
or heaviest wire are represented, but it will be understood that there may be two,
four, six or more as may be found desirable, and that at the end of every second
layer the direction of winding is reversed, as more fully illustrated with respect to
the second and third wires.
()
The second wire E is wound upon the last layer of the first wire with the
direction of winding reversed, that is to say, if the direction of winding of the two
layers immediately preceding was in the direction of movement of the hands of a
watch, the direction of winding of these next two layers, to and fro, is opposite to
that of the hands of a watch. Of the second wire E, as of every other wire, there
may be two, four or more layers and as before stated the direction of winding is
reversed at the end of every second layer; consequently, as indicated in Figure 9,
and in Figure 10, each wire, if not cut and having its end extended out from the
coil, must be bent upon itself to form a bight, as at e¹ in Figure 9, and wound on
over the preceding layer in a direction opposite to that in which such preceding
layer was wound. Such bight is secured in any convenient manner, as by
a bit of
taping, and it is evident that wherever there are four, six or more layers formed
from one wire there will be a bight at the end of every second layer until the end
of the wire is reached. The winding of the third wire F and of every successive
wire is conducted in a similar manner. It will be understood that whether a single
wire be used or several different sizes of wire be used in succession, the direction of
winding is reversed at the end of every second layer. It will also be understood
that when several wires of different sizes are used each wire forms an even number
of layers and that the ends of each wire are brought outside of the coil to be
connected up in any one of the several different ways which are possible as may be
found most desirable.
Although the construction of the field magnet coil already described is not only
the preferred construction but forms a part of the invention set forth herein, and
although the arinature which is presently to be described is also that which it is
preferred to use with the described magnet and itself forms a part of the invention,
the described field magnet and armature co-operating in the attainment of the
improved results and being to an extent interdependent, nevertheless it is to be
understood, so far as either the field magnet or the armature is concerned, considered
separately, that the features of novelty in the one are restricted by reference herein
to the specific construction of the other.
The proposed armature comprises a body part G formed of a round piece of soft
iron having longitudinal grooves g in its periphery, and extending its entire length
and securely attached to the shaft H by means of a feather or otherwise. At the two
ends of the body G and firmly attached thereto, are the radially slotted armature
discs I. The slots as indicated at i commence at the periphery and extend nearly
but not quite to the centre to form a series of segments which are separated from

page_text: each other except at their apexes where they are united in a common hub. This
armature is mounted in the bearings M, so as to rotate freely with its body part in
the centre of the magnetizable core and with its radially slotted discs in front of
the faces of the spreaders of the core. In front of each of the said discs, is an
ordinary commutator N whose construction being well known, needs no description.
The presence of both may be dispensed with and the brushes L placed directly
against the radially slotted disc, as shown in Figure 7. The brushes are supported
by the ordinary means of clamps and rocker arms and being of the usual
construction also need no further description.
On one end of the shaft H a pulley may be attached for the purpose of
transmitting power developed by the motor. It is not shown in the drawings as its
construction is well known.
Practical tests of field magnets constructed as described demonstrate that the
magnetic fields produced, are of great density and that highly satisfactory results
in the production of the induced current can be secured, even with an armature of
construction shown, in which the usual windings are wholly dispensed with.
Moreover, an almost endless variety of changes of the condition of the magnetic
fields with the consequent varied effect upon the induced current, is made possible
by the provision made for connecting up in many different ways the several wires
of which said field coil is composed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In an electro motor the combination with an armature provided with a
radially slotted disc, of a hollow field magnet having its coils formed of a series of
wires, the ends of said wires projecting from the coil, and means whereby
said wires may be connected and disconnected as desired, substantially as shown
and described.
2. In an electro motor the combination with an armature, commutator and
brushes, of a hollow field magnet having its coils formed of successive layers of
wires, the direction of the wire being reversed at the end of every second layer,
substantially as shown and described.
3. In an electro motor the combination with the hollow field magnet and
brushes, of an armature mounted to rotate in front of the poles of the magnet, the
said armature consisting of a disc or discs cut nearly to the centre to form
separate segments connected at a common point, substantially as shown and
described.
4. In an electro motor the combination with the hollow field magnet and
brushes, of an armature mounted to rotate partly within said field magnet and
having a disc or discs cut nearly to the centre to form separate segments
and means to support the brushes in contact with the disc substantially as
shown and described.
5. In an electro motor, the combination of a hollow field magnet having its
coils formed of successive layers of wire, the direction of the wire being reversed
at the end of every second layer, and an armature comprising a body part formed
with longitudinal grooves and adapted to rotate within the said hollow field, and
provided with a disc or discs slotted radially as described, substantially as shown
and described.
נ..
A
7
2
1
1007
MARKS & CLERK,
18 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13 Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.