IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC CRANES OR APPARATUS FOR MOVING WEIGHTS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Bryan Johnson and Edward Bayzand Ellington,
Engineers, of Chester, in the County of Cheshire, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC CRANES OR APPARATUS FOR MOVING
WEIGHTS."
Sealed the 15th February 1870, and dated the 25th November 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bryan Johnson and
Edward Bayzand Ellington at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 25th November 1869.
We, BRYAN JOHNSON and EDWARD BAYZAND ELLINGTON, Engineers,
of Chester, in the County of Cheshire, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC CRANES OR APPARATUS
POR MOVING WEIGHTS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object to construct hydraulic cranes and
apparatus for moving weights in such manner that variable powers may
be obtained without employing rams or pistons of varying diameter.
In constructing an hydraulic crane we mount on the head of the ram
of the hydraulic apparatus a pulley over which is passed a chain to

page_text: each end of which is attached a pulley block, the pulley block at one
end of the chain being made with a greater number of sheaves than the
pulley block at the other end of the chain. The end of the hauling or
lifting chain is fixed to the pedestal or frame to which the base of the
Lydraulic cylinder is fixed, and the chain is led in succession around the
several sheaves carried by one of the pulley blocks being first passed over
one of these sheaves, then over a pulley carried by the pedestal, then
over another sheave of the pulley block, and so on, afterwards the chain
is led under a pulley placed below the end of the hydraulic cylinder, and
then over a sheave of the other pulley block, and if this second pulley
block is only formed with one sheave the chain is then passed under a
pulley carried by the pedestal and led upwards to the arm of the crane.
Each pulley block can by means of a pin or bolt be secured to the
pedestal. If the pulley block with the greater number of sheaves be
thus secured to the pedestal and the other pulley block left free, then
when the rain is forced outwards from its cylinder a slow motion will be
imparted to the lifting chain, but if the pulley block with the lesser
number of sheaves, be fixed to the pedestal and the other pulley block
set free a quicker motion will be imparted to it. In place of ono lifting
chain being passed in succesion. over the sheaves of both the pulley
blocks the lifting chain passed over one pulley block might be separate
from the chain passed over the other pulley block so that one lifting
chain would be used for the quick speed and the other for the slow
speed, but we prefer to employ one continuous chain, as above described.
Other hydraulic apparatus for moving weights may be constructed in a
similar manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Bryan Johnson and Edward Bayzand Ellington
in the Great Scal Patent Office on the 25th May 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, BRYAN
JOHNSON and EDWARD BAYZAND, ELLINGTON, Engineers, of Ohester, in
the County of Cheshire, send, greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One-thousand-eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-

page_text: third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Bryan Johnson and Edward Bayzand
Ellington, Her special licence that we, the said Bryan Johnson and
Edward Bayzand Ellington, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said Bryan Johnson and Edward Bayzand
Ellington, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC CRANES OR APPARATUS FOR MOVING WEIGHTS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Bryan Johnson
and Edward Bayzand Ellington, our executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one us or them, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what. manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that
'
the said
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
that is to say-
.
This Invention has for its object to construct hydraulic cranes and
apparatus for moving weights in such manner that variable powers may
be obtained without employing rams or pistons of varying diameter. In
constructing an hydraulic crane we mount. on, the head of the ram of
the hydraulic apparatus a pulley over which is passed a chain, to each
end of which is attached a pulley block, the pulley block at one end of
the chain being made with a greater number of sheaves than the pulley
block at the other end of the chain. The end of the hauling or lifting
chain is fixed to the pedestal or frame to which the base of the hydraulic
cylinder is fixed, and the chain is led in succession around the several
sheaves carried by one of the pulley blocks being first passed over one of
these sheaves, then over a pulley carried by the pedestal, then over
another sheave of the pulley block, and, so on; afterwards the chain is
led under a pulley placed below the end of the hydraulic cylinder, and

page_text: then over a sheave of the other pulley block, and if this second pulley
block is only formed with one sheave the chain is then passed under a
pulley carried by the pedestal and led upwards to the arm of the crane.
Each pulley block can by means of a pin or bolt be secured to the
pedestal. If the pulley block with the greater number of sheaves be
thus secured to the pedestal and the other pulley block left free, then
where the ram is forced outwards from its cylinder a slow motion will be
imparted to the lifting chain, but if the pulley block with the lesser
number of sheaves be fixed to the pedestal and the other pulley block
set free a quicker motion will be imparted to it. In place of one lifting
chain being passed in succession over the sheaves of both the pulley
blocks the lifting chain passed over one pulley block might be separate
from the chain passed over the other pulley block, so that one lifting
chain would be used for the quick speed and the other for the slow
speed, but we prefer to employ one continuous chain, as above described.
Other hydraulic apparatus may be constructed in a similar manner.
In the Drawings hereunto annexed is shown a hydraulic crane con-
structed as above described. Figures 1, 2, and 3 shew three side views
of the hydraulic crane. In the arrangement shown at Figure 1 the ram
of the press is shown to be in its lowest position when either one or
other of the pulley blocks a, b, can be locked to retain it from being
drawn upwards. At Figure 2 the ram of the press is shown to have
been raised whilst the pulley b has been locked and retained from
moving. At Figure 3 the ram of the press is shown to have been
raised whilst the pulley a has been locked and retained from moving.
Figure 4 shows an end view of the apparatus with the parts in the
position shown at Figure 1. In each of these Figures c is a hydraulic
cylinder, da ram working therein, e is a pulley carried on the head of
Over this pulley is led the chain f, and to one end of this
chain is attached the pulley block a, and to the other end of the chain
the pulley block 6; the pulley block a is formed with one sheave,
whilst the pulley block b has two sheaves, or it might be any other
number of sheaves desired. The frame of the pulley block a can be
fixed by means of a pin to the framing at the point g, and the frame of
the pulley block 6 can be fixed to the framing at the point h. The
lifting chain is attached to the pedestal or frame at k¹, and is led over
one of the sheaves of the pulley b, then under the pulley b, and again
over the other sheave of the pulley block b, afterwards it is led under the
the ram.

page_text: guide pulley m, and over the pulley a, and again under a guide pulley
on the pedestal, and from there it is led over guide pulleys to the jib or
arm of a crane. If the pulley block b is retained from moving whilst
the ram d is being raised then the pulley block a is raised and the
motion given to the end of the lifting chain to which is attached the
weight to be raised will be four times the stroke of the ram, whilst if the
pulley block a is locked and 6 is free to rise the motion of the ram may
be multiplied any desired number of times according to the number of
sheaves in the pulley block b.
A modification of the arrangement shown at Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 is
shewn in the diagram view, Figure 5. In this arrangement the
hydraulic cylinder is inverted and the chain f can be of any desired
length. It is not essential that the locking of the chain on one or
other side of the hydraulic cylinder should be effected by pins passed
through holes in the frames of the pulley blocks as other means might
be adopted for locking the chain on either side of the cylinder as
desired.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, we would have it understood that what we claim
is,―
First. The constructing hydraulic cranes and apparatus for moving
weights substantially as herein described and shewn by the Drawings
annexed.
Second. The constructing hydraulic cranes and apparatus for moving
weights in such manner that the lifting or hauling chain can have
motion imparted to it at two different speeds from the ram or moving
part of an hydraulic press, by such hauling or lifting chain being led over
the sheaves of two pulley blocks attached to the opposite ends of a chain
passed over a pulley carried on the ram or moving part of the hydraulic
press, so that by locking the chain on one or other side of the hydraulic
cylinder the hauling or lifting chain may be worked at two different
speeds.
Third. The constructing hydraulic cranes and apparatus for moving
weights in such manner that the lifting or hauling chain can have
motion imparted to it at two different speeds from a chain passed over a
pulley on the ram or moving part of the hydraulic press, and in such

page_text: manner that by locking the chain on one or other side of the cylinder of
the press two different powers may be obtained.
In witness whereof, we, the said Bryan Johnson and Edward
Bayzand Ellington, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy.
BRYAN JOHNSON.
(L.S.)
EDWARD BAYZAŅD ELLINGTON.
(L.S.)