IMPROVE- MENTS IN COOKING RANGES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Corbitt, of Rotherham, in the County
of York, Stove Grate Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN COOKING RANGES."
Sealed the 19th March 1875, and dated the 25th September 1874.

page_text: an oven and boiler on the other side, the boiler being placed on the side
of the latter oven furthest from the fire so as not to interfere with the
heating of the hot plate and ovens, and to protect the boiler from damage
by overheating and cracking, as it is liable to when placed next the fire.
A boiler for hot water and bath purposes may be fixed in the usual way
at the back of the fire if desirable.
The two ovens on the one side of the said range are heated by a hori-
zontal flue passing between them, thence vertically at their sides furthest
from the fire, and thence horizontally beneath the lower oven and above
the upper one to the main chimney. By closing a valve at the top of
the vertical portion of the said flue the draught is made to pass under
the lower oven and up the back of the same and of the upper oven,
thereby effectually heating both ovens, and by opening the valve the top
oven only may be used. The single oven on the other side of the range
is heated by a fluc passing horizontally from the fire between the top of
the oven and the hot plate and between the further side of the oven and
the boiler, by which means the heat can be directed either under the
oven or boiler as required, or the hot plate only may be used by opening
or closing valves suitably arranged.
The fire place or box is placed in the centre of the range, and is pro-
vided with a door hung in the usual way. This door is furnished with
a "hood or bonnet" on the inside for the purpose of directing the air
which passes through the perforations in the door to the incandescent
fuel in the upper portion of the fire-place or box. The passage of the
smoke and gases to the flues is partially intercepted by hanging pieces
or screws extending downwards from the hot plate, one on each side of
the fire-place or box, and which compel the smoke and gases to descend
and come into contact with the hottest part of the fire, thus causing
them to be converted into flame and to be ignited or consumed instead
of passing through the flues as smoke, as is the case in ordinary stoves
and kitcheners. The hanging pieces or screens have holes or slits cast
in them to carry off the surplus smoke which is consumed on coming in
contact with the heat and flame passing under the hanging pieces or
screens.

page_text: doors fitted above and at the back of the fire-place or box and in com-
munication with the main chimney or fluc; with this arrangement the
top oven may be used for ordinary cooking purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Corbitt in the Great Scal Patent Office
on the 24th March 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CORBITT, of Rotherham, in the County of York, Stove Grate Manufac-
turer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
38th year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Corbitt, Her special license
that I, the said William Corbitt, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William Corbitt, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COOKING RANGES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
William Corbitt, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Corbitt, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement. reference being had to the accompanying

page_text: Sity
My said Invention relates to a new arrangement of ovens, boilers, and
fire-box for cooking ranges, having for its object the more effectual con-
sumption of smoke and perfect combustion of fuel.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose
shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings,
the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the
Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents a front elevation of a cooking
range constructed and arranged according to my Invention; Figure 2 is
a longitudinal section of the same; and Figure 3 is a transverse section
taken along the line 1, 2, Figures 1 and 2.
The range is provided with two ovens, A and B, on one side of the ]
fire-box C (the oven A being arranged above the other B), and with an
oven D and a boiler E on the other side of the fire-box. The boiler E is
placed on the side of the oven D further from the fire so as not to
interfere with the heating of the hot plate F and of the oven, and in
order to protect the boiler itself from damage by overheating and a
cracking, to which it is liable when situate next the fire. A boiler G
for hot water and bath purposes may be fixed in the usual way at the
back of the fire if found desirable.
The ovens A, B, on the one side of the range are heated by the
products of combustion passing first through a horizontal flue H between
them, then into vertical flues I, K, at their sides further from the fire.
The flue I is in communication with a horizontal flue L formed beneath
the lower oven B, and opening into a vertical flue M at the back of the
ovens, whilst the flue K communicates with a horizontal flue N above
the upper oven A, the flues M, N, both conducting the waste products
of combustion into the main chimney or flue O. By closing a valve or
damper a provided at the top of the flue K the draught is caused to
pass under the lower oven B and up the back of the same, and of
the upper oven A, whereby both ovens are effectually heated; and by

page_text: opening the valve a the top oven A only may be used. The oven D on
the other side of the range is heated by the products of combustion
passing from the fire-box C along a horizontal flue O¹ between the top
of the oven D and the hot plate F, whence they are conducted along a
flue P between the further side of the oven D and the boiler E, which
fiue branches into horizontal flues Q, R, formed respectively beneath
the oven D and beneath the boiler E, and communicating by vertical
flues S, T, with the main chimney O. The flues O¹, S, T, are provided
with valves or dampers c, i, k, for regulating the current or direction of
the products of combustion according to circumstances.
When it is desired to heat the oven D only the valves c, k, are closed
and the valve i is opened, the products of combustion then passing up the
vertical flue S at the back of the oven D, but if it be required to heat
the boiler E only and to shut off the heat from the oven D the valves c, i,
are closed and the valve is opened, in which case the products of com-
bustion pass up the vertical flue Tat the back of the boiler E. The
valves c and k may remain open if the hot plate only is required to be
used for cooking purposes.
The fire-place or box C is placed in the centre of the range, and is
provided with a door V hung in the usual way. This door is furnished
with a hood or bonnet on the inside for the purpose of directing the air
which passes through the perforations m in the door to the incandescent
fuel in the upper portion of the fire-place or box C. The passage of the
smoke and gases to the flues is partially intercepted by hanging pieces
or screens n, n, extending downwards from the hot plate F, one on each
side of the fire-place or box C, and which compel the smoke and gases
to descend and come into contact with the hottest part of the fire, thus
causing them to be converted into flame and to be ignited or consumed
instead of passing through the flues as smoke, as is the case in ordinary
stoves and kitcheners. The hanging pieces or screens n, n, have holes
or slots o, o, cast in them for carrying off the surplus smoke, which is
consumed on coming in contact with the heat and flame passing under
such hanging pieces or screens. By the employment of the latter
moreover cold air is prevented from entering the flues, whereby a much
higher temperature is maintained therein and a considerable saving in
fuel is effected.

page_text: The range may be used as an ordinary open fire-stove by pushing back
the covering plate W over the fire, and opening one or both of two smoke
doors X, Y, fitted above and at the back of the fire-place or box C and
in communication with the main chimney or flue O. With this arrange-
ment the top oven A may be used for ordinary cooking purposes.
In the case of kitcheners to be used for ordinary purposes the ovens A
and B may be dispensed with and the oven D and boiler E only employed,
the same being arranged in the manner herein-before described, or the
oven D may be dispensed with and the boiler E employed on one side
of the fire-box C in combination with the ovens A and B arranged on
the other side in the manner before mentioned.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I
consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. Constructing cooking ranges with an oven and a boiler on one
and the same side of the fire-box or fire-place, the boiler being placed
beyond the oven or on the further side thereof from the fire, and with
flues and valves for directing and regulating the passage of the heat or
products of combustion around such oven and boiler, the whole being
arranged substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein-before
described and as illustrated by my Drawings.
Second. The combination in a cooking range with an oven and a
boiler, employed in the manner before mentioned, of two ovens placed a
the one above the other at the opposite side of the fire-box or fire-place,
and of flues and valves for directing and regulating the passage of the
heat or products of combustion around such ovens, the whole being
arranged substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein-before
described and as illustrated by my Drawings.
Third. The application and use of a perforated fire-door having a hood
or bonnet for projecting the air directly into the incandescent fuel in the
fire-box or fire-place, substantially as herein-before described and illus-
trated by my Drawings.
ย

page_text: Fourth. The employment of hanging plates or screens having slots or
perforations substantially as and for the purposes herein-before described
and as illustrated by my Drawings.
Fifth. The combination with a fire-box or fire-place having a boiler
and ovens, arranged in the manner before mentioned, of a perforated fire-
door fitted with a hood or bonnet, and of hanging plates or screens having
slots or preparations substantially as herein-before described and illus-
trated by my Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Corbitt, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, the Twenty-third day of
March, Onc thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
WILLIAM CORBITT. (L.S.)