Improvements in Locks and Bolts.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 10th May, 1893
Complete Specification: Left, 9th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 7th Apr., 1894
PROVISIONAL DIVIFICATION
Improvements in Locks and Bolts.
FRANK SMITH and CHARLES GRAY SMITH, Deritend Bridge Works,
Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Locksmiths and Art Metal Workers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
"To make a connection between the top and bottom bolts of a door or the like by
a simple double action lever attached to both upper and lower bolts and continued
outwards from the face of the door as a handle or in connection with a cross rod or
other arrangement which on being pushed against or pushed down shall withdraw
the bolts.
Or the connection may be made by an arm fixed at right angles or thereabouts
to the double action lever which being attached to a cross rod or shutter or over a
board or the like the bolts will be actuated in the same manner and leave the doors
free to open.
As an alternative the bolts may be connected by the double action lever and the
pressure be applied to either the top or bottom bolt in the manner last described.
A bell crank or other bent lever being used to connect the cross rod handle or
shutter.
Also by a special arrangement of levers in combination with an arm working in
an universal joint the cross rod or other handle may be made to withdraw the bolts
when pushed against whether pressed up, down or sideways.
The same action may also be arranged to release the bolts in which case springs
or weights are applied to cause the bolts to shoot.
The cross rod and levers as described may be arranged to shoot or withdraw a
lockbolt.
To enable the bolts to be released or acted upon from the outside by means of
a handle to pull or to raise or lower a lever in such a manner that by the special
application of a lock the handle can be made fast so as to be entirely out of use
but at the same time there is nothing to interfere with the free action of the bolt
inside.
Dated this 9th dex of Max 1802
FRANK SMITH,
Agent for Frank Smith and Charles Gray Smith.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks and Bolts.
We FRANK SMITH and CHARLES GRAY SMITH of Deritend Bridge-Works,
in the City of Birmingham, Lock Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to improvements in locks and bolts where doors or the like
are required to be secure from the outside but will be opened automatically from
the inside when there is a crush or pressure against the door.
In order to assist the description of our invention reference may be had to the
accompanying sheets of drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon.
Figs. 1 & 2. A shews a double lever, A¹handle, B and B' top and bottom bolts,
C crossrod, X automatic catch to open with square key K.

page_text: We make a connection between the top bolt Band bottom bolt Bt of a door by
a simple double action lever A attached to both bolts B & B and continued
outwards from the face of the door to form a handle A' or in connection with a
crossrod C or other arrangement which on being pushed against or pushed down
shall draw the bolt B' or bolts B & B¹. We make the bottom bolt B¹the heaviest
so that the action is automatic without -any spring. The bolts can also be worked
by springs if necessary. A special form of automatic catch X may be used where
necessary to secure the bolts when withdrawn which can be released by hand or by
a key K.
Fig. 3 shews an alternative in which the connection may be continued at right
angles or thereabouts by the special arms D and connected to a crossrod C
working horizontally, or to a shutter or board which will produce the same
result.
Fig. 4 shews another alternative in which we make the same connection by a
simple double action lever A and a separate contrivance by means of a bell crank E
and spindle F or a lever carried outwards exactly the same as described in either
of the previous cases.
Fig. 5 shews how by a special arrangement of levers A in combination with a
bell crank E as above described, a set of levers or fingers F¹ fitted to a universal
joint F may be worked by a lever A¹ or crossrod C when moved up or down or
in any direction.
We also construct the bolts as first described and connected by a simple double
action lever A Fig. 2. The top bolt B being weighted so as to automatically
withdraw both bolts.
A lever or arm as A¹ in connection with a cross rod C as formerly described is
made with a catch or release A2 acting on the bolts B substantially as shewn at A³
Fig. 7 the weight of the bolt keeping the arm A' and rod C in position. The
handle or cross rod falling down when pressed and so releasing the bolt by allowing
the collar on the rod to pass the detent A³. Fig. 6 shews an alternative in which
the catch G on the spindle F with the bar C attached is made to slide in a groove
or holder in the rod B. And when pressed inwards against the door releases the
bolt which falls of its own weight. A spring may be used if desired to throw the
catch into position again.
The action is reversed simply by, making the bottom bolt the weighted bolt and
applying the catch or release to this bolt in which case on being released the bolts
shoot and are secured.
Springs may be used in either case instead of weight if preferred.
We construct these bolts as first described connected by a simple double
action lever A Fig. 2. This lever A being extended to a' Fig. 9 and forms a
connection at right angles with crank D. When the lever or bar A falls the
crank D is raised drawing in the horizontal bolt E Fig. 8.
By reversing the crank D the same action will shoot the bolt E.
When it is desired to open this arrangement by means of a key from the outside
we construct the horizontal bolt and lock bolt in a peculiar manner for security-
by the application of a false or locking bolt E'Fig. 8 on the upper face of bolt E.
The upper bolt E' is fitted with levers G in a peculiar manner the lever stump H being
fixed on the lower bolt and the stud F on the upper bolt E'. Crank D also is
connected to E¹.
When the key is used the levers are raised in the usual manner allowing the
stump H to pass raising the crank D and withdrawing the horizontal bolt E.
Also on the exit apparatus A. being used the crank D operates the upper bolt E
causing the stud F to raise the levers G and withdraw the bolt E. The bolt E
thus always being held firmly in position by the levers until released either by the
key or the exit apparatus as described.
It is necessary to be able to withdraw or release the bolt in some instances from
outside, but without interfering with the free action of the apparatus inside; we
may effect this by fixing a handle or pull D (see Figs. 10 & 11) to raise the bolt B

page_text: in such a manner that by the action of a lock the handle can be made fast and
cannot be used without the proper key.
Referring to Figs. 12, 13, 14.
We make an alternative action to either Figs. 8 & 9 or 10 & 11 to withdraw or
release the bolts from outside without interfering with the free action of the bolts
inside. In this case we use a lever handle D outside connected by a spindle to a
lever E which lifts the vertical bolts substantially as shown Figs. 13 & 14. The
lever E may also be used to force the bolt home from the outside.
When out of action the lever and handle are locked in position a crosspiece G G¹
Fig. 12 being attached to the spindle the horns arranged in a peculiar manner to
allow free action to the spindle. When the lockbolt F is shot the terminations at
the top of the bolt engage with the horns G & G holding the spindle and lever E
firm until again released by the key.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
claim is :
1. The connection of bolts by double action lever together with falling crossbar
or lever for the purpose and in the manner described, and automatic action by
means of weighted bolt.
2. The double action lever connected to horizontal rod or shutter.
3. The double action lever but separate bell crank or lever.
4. The double action lever actuated by crossrod or lever working in any direction
by universal ball action..
5. The method of releasing the bolts by direct means of the cross bar or lever,
the bolts being automatic in action by weight or springs.
6. The arrangement of crossrod to throw a horizontal bolt, also the application
of a false bolt lifting the levers of a lock and the use of the lock to lift the
vertical bolt.
7. Raising or releasing the bolts from outside without affecting their freedom
inside.
8. Locking the handles for releasing bolts substantially as described and shewn.
Dated this 8th day of February 1894.
HENRY F. TALBOT,
7, Cherry Street, Birmingham, Agent for the Applicants.