IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR INDICATING THE PRESSURE OF STEAM AND GASES, THE AMOUNT OF VACUUM, THE FLOW OF FLUIDS, THE WEIGHT OF MATERIALS, AND THE SPEED OF BODIES, EITHER REVOLVING OR TRAVERSING, AND ALSO THE EMPLOYMENT OF ALUMINIUM OE ITS ALLOYS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Bailey and William Henry Bailey, of the
Albion Works, Salford, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Turret Clock Makers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR INDICATING THE PRESSURE OF STEAM AND GASES, THE AMOUNT OF VACUUM,
THE FLOW OF FLUIDS, THE WEIGHT OF MATERIALS, AND THE SPEED OF BODIES,
EITHER REVOLVING OR TRAVERSING, AND ALSO THE EMPLOYMENT OF ALUMINIUM
OE ITS ALLOYS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME."
Sealed the 27th May 1862, and dated the 6th December 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Bailey and William
Henry Bailey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 6th December 1861.
We, JOHN BAILEY and WILLIAM HENRY BAILEY, of the Albion Works,
Salford, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Turret Clock Makers,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR INDICATING THE PRESSURE OP STEAM AND GASES, THE AMOUNT OF
VACUUM, THE FLOW OF FLUIDS, THE WEIGHT OF MATERIALS, AND THE SPEED OF
BODIES, EITHER REVOLVING OR TRAVERSING, AND ALSO THE EMPLOYMENT OP
ALUMINIUM OR ITS ALLOYS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists, first, in the application to steam, pressure, or
weight gauges of a knife-edged pivot attached to the weight, or its equivalent,

page_text: so as to act as a lever. We employ the ordinary india-rubber or metallic
diaphragm acting against a piston in the usual manner. The piston and
weight are connected together by a link, having at the bottom a semicircular
bearing upon which the knife-edge pivot rests, so that when the piston rises
or falls, the pivot will have a delicate motion on the bearing of the link, and
thereby cause but little friction. The aforesaid improved gauge may be com-
bined with the ordinary aların and safety valve.
Secondly, in the application to spring gauges of a regulating arm or lever
connected by a rod or link to the piston, the top of which is in contact with
the spring.
Thirdly, in the employment of a lever in heat gauges, and steam and water
traps. The end of the said lever is in contact with the flange of a short
copper, aluminium, or other metal tube, through which the steam or water
passes. The contraction or expansion of the tube operates upon the lever,
and in heat gauges it indicates by means of a wheel and pinion with index
hand the heat or temperature, and in steam or water traps the lever shuts and
opens a valve, which lets off the steam or water according to its heat or
temperature.
Fourthly, in indicating the speed of any revolving or traversing body by
means of a pair of ordinary governor balls, put in motion by the shaft or body
required to be indicated. To the sliding piece of the governor we attach a
rod, and when the sliding piece rises by the action of the governor balls, the
rod presses against a lever attached to a wheel gearing into a pinion and
finger, thereby indicating the exact speed. Or we apply to the shaft of the
ordinary registering apparatus a ball or universal joint, to enable the indicator
to be actuated either by a vibrating or revolving motion.
Fifthly, in the employment for the apparatus herein described of papier
maché in the manufacture of dials and cases, and also of aluminium, or its
compounds or alloys for diaphragms, screws, or other parts, that metal being
superior to most others in preventing oxidisation.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Bailey and William Henry Bailey in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 6th June 1862.
މ
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JoHN
BAILEY and WILLIAM HENRY BAILEY, of the Albion Works, Salford, near
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Turret Clock Makers, send' greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS: Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give' and grant unto us, the 'said
John Bailey and.. William Henry Bailey, Her special licence that-we; the
said John Bailey and William Henry Bailey, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we; the said John Bailey and William Henry
Bailey, our executors,' administrators, and assigns, 'should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR INDICATING THE PRESSURE OF STEAM AND GASES, THE AMOUNT OF
VACUUM, THE FLOW OF FLUIDS, THE WEIGHT OF MATERIALS, AND THE SPEED: OF
BODIES, EITHER REVOLVING OR TRAVERSING, AND ALSO THE EMPLOYMENT OF
ALUMINIUM OR ITS ALLOYS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said John Bailey and William Henry
Bailey, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Lêtters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Bailey and William Henry
Bailey, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed; to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by, the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
figures and letters on the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings (that is
to say):-
The first part of our Invention is represented in Figs. 1 and 2, and
modifications of the same in Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6. In one of our improved
arrangements of steam; pressure, and weight gauges we employ a knife-edged
crank or pivot:a; Figs. 1 and 2, attached to the weight b, or its equivalent, so
as to act as 'a lever. We employ the ordinary india-rubber or metallic
diaphragm, acting against a piston c in the usual manner: The piston and
weight are connected together by a link d, having at the bottom a semi-
circular bearing e, upon which the knife-edged pivot a rests, so that when the
piston rises or falls the pivot will have a delicate motion on the bearing of the
link, and thereby-cause-but-little-friction. Or we modify the arrangement, as

page_text: shewn in Figs. 3 and 4, in which we cause the piston to act against the round
crank f of the cranked shaft g connected to the weight h, so that as the piston
moves up or down the crank vibrates upon its top surface with scarcely any
friction. When the knife-edged or round crank is employed for vacuum or
weight gauges, the piston is pulled down instead of its being pushed up, by
connecting it for the vacuum with the ordinary diaphram, and for the weight
by the hook i, Fig. 5, with the article to be weighed, or with the weighing
machine, Fig. 6. When desired, the aforesaid improved gauges may be com-
bined with the ordinary alarm and safety valve.
The second part of our Invention is shewn in Figs. 7 and 8, it relates to.
spring gauges, and consists in causing a regulating arm or quadrant to act
upon one end of a large spring fixed to the casing. The said. arm or quadrant
is shewn at k, the teeth of which gear into the pinion / fixed to the spindle
which carries the finger m. The top of the piston n acts against the strong
spring o fixed to the casing p. The spiral spring 9 acts upon the arm or
quadrant k, so as to cause the bowl r to be always in contact with the spring o..
When this arrangement is used for vacuum or weight gauges the action
is reversed, the piston being fastened both to the strong spring and the
diaphram, so that when the latter descends by the action of the weight .or.
vacuum, the strong spring shall be brought down, and thereby pull down the
arm or quadrant and move the finger.
The third part of our Invention consists in the employment of a lever in
heat gauges and steam and water traps. The end of the said lever is in
contact with the flange of a short copper, aluminium, or other metal tube,
through which the steam or water passes. The contraction or expansion of
the tube operates upon the lever, and in heat gauges it indicates by means, of
a wheel and pinion, with index hand, the heat or temperature, and in steam or
water traps the lever shuts and opens, a valve, which lets off the steam or
water according to its heat or temperature.
The fourth part of our Invention consists in indicating the speed of any
revolving-or-traversing_body_by_means of a pair of ordinary governor balls,
put in motion by the shaft or body required to be indicated. To the sliding
piece of the governor we attach a rod, and when the sliding piece rises by the
action of the governor balls, the rod presses against a lever attached to a wheel
gearing into a pinion and finger, thereby indicating the exact 'speed. Or we
apply to the shaft of the ordinary registering apparatus a ball or universal
joint, to enable the indicator to be actuated either by a vibrating or revolving
inotion.
:
The fifth part of our Invention consists in the employment for the apparatus

page_text: herein-before described of papier maché in the manufacture of dials and cases,
and also of aluminium, or its compounds or alloys for diaphrams, screws, or
other parts, that metal being superior to most others in preventing oxidation.
Having now described the nature and particulars of our said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be
understood that we claim as our Invention,-
First, in steam, pressure, vacuum, and weight gauges the employment of a
kuife-edged crank or pivot acting on the semicircular end of a link, and a
crank pin acting on the top of the piston, as shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4;
and also the employment of a compound spring lever, as shewn in Figs. 7
and 8.
Secondly, the improvements in heat gauges and steam and water traps.
Thirdly, the improvements in indicating the speed of any revolving or
traversing body.
And, fourthly, the employment for the apparatus herein-before described of
papier maché, in the manufacture of dials and cases, and also of aluminium, or
its compounds or alloys for diaphrams, screws or other parts, that metal
being superior to most others in preventing oxidation, as all such improve-
ments are herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Henry Bailey, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named William Henry Bailey,
in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.
W. H. BAILEY. (L.S.)