IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF MUSTARD AND OTHER PLASTERS, AND IN MACHINERY FOR THE SAME
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Emile Guenin, of Henrietta Street, Covent
Garden, Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF MUSTARD AND OTHER PLASTERS, AND IN MACHINERY FOR THE
SAME."—A communication from abroad by Paul Rigollot, of Paris,
in the Empire of France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Emile Guenin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition on the
7th May 1870.
I, EMILE GUENIN, of Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF MUSTARD AND OTHER PLASTERS, AND IN MACHINERY FOR THE
SAME," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of mustard
plasters, such as those described in the Specification of a former Patent
granted to me and dated March 26th, 1867, No. 1212. I there described
the mustard flour (deprived of its oil) as being caused to adhere to the
paper or other surface on which it is applied by the aid of a solution of
india-rubber and a mixture of equal parts of sulphuret of carbon and

page_text: essence of petroleum. I have however found by experience that in
some cases the viscous liquid obtained by the above means fails to ensure
sufficient adhesion to suit the purposes of this manufacture.
According to the present improvements I substitute benzine for the.
'sulphuret of carbon, the solution being prepared in the following
manner-I place for example about ½ lb. of Para india-rubber (this
being the only kind suitable for the purpose) in a closed apparatus, 'and
digest it at a temperature of from 80 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit in about
5 or 6 lbs. of benzine, having a density of about 17 oz. per pint. This
operation is continued for twenty-four hours, after which I introduce
the mass into a glazed metal apparatus provided with a stirrer similar
to a churn, and well agitate the contents, simultaneously with which I
add in small quantities at a time about 15 lbs. of essence of petroleum.
After this has been done I pass the viscous liquid obtained through a
wire sieve, when it is ready for immediate use, as it loses its glutinous
properties by keeping and becomes unsuited for producing the adhesion
of the mustard flour. Various light hydro-carburets obtained by the
distillation of schists and other matters with lime and oils of naptha
may also be substituted for the essence of petroleum before referred to.
I also prepare a mild kind of sinapism in the following manner for
children and delicate or nervous persons. Blisters and other medicative
plasters may also be similarly prepared by the aid of the rubber solution
without affecting in the least the properties of the powders made use of.
I take 40 parts of white mustard flour, 40 parts of black mustard bran
reduced to a fine powder (both being deprived of their oil) and 20 parts
of black mustard flour. The whole being well mixed, I then prepare
the plasters therewith in sheets, in the manner herein-after described.
It will be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise propor-
tions of the above ingredients, as they may be varied to suit the degrce
of strength desired. When prepared in the proportions indicated, the
plaster will have a slow progressive action requiring about twenty
minutes to attain its maximum effect. It will be also understood that
instead of using an inert substance, such as bran or white mustard, I may
introduce into the mixture an inert powder, such as linseed, for example,
but with less advantage.
I will now describe the machinery for the manufacture of mustard
and other plasters according to this Invention. I first wind the paper
or other fabric (on which the mustard and other powder is to be.

page_text: applied) on a drum, and lead it thence into a trough disposed beneath
a reservoir containing the adhesive solution, which is caused to dis-
charge its contents on to the paper in the trough, the supply being
regulated by a cock operated by a treadle or otherwise. The adhesive
solution may be however simply poured by hand on to the paper in the
trough without the aid of a reservoir, as described. On leaving the
trough the paper sheet is passed between scrapers for reducing tho
adhesive substance thereon to a uniform thickness, and is then caused
to travel over a surface of, wirework and beneath. a hopper or case
having a perforated bottom and containing a supply of mustard flour
or other substance. This hopper has a reciprocating motion imparted
by means of jointed rods in connection with wheel and pinion gearing
driven by a winch handle or otherwise. The mustard or other powder
discharged from the hopper falls on to the endless sheet of paper, where
it is retained by the adhesive solution previously applied, any powder. in
excess falling into a receptacle placed below the wirework and forming
a framing on which the gearing and hopper are mounted. The paper
is caused to travel from this point on an endless web, beneath. which
travelling surface is disposed a steam casing forming a table for drying
the paper with the deposit of mustard. On arriving at a certain point
the paper is conducted downwards over rollers, where it is subjected to
the action of a beater for freeing the surface of any mustard flour in
excess which falls on to an endless band and is conveyed to a receptacle.
The paper then passes between adjustable pressing rollers for ensuring
the more perfect adhesion of the mustard or other powder and rendering
it of a uniform thickness. The paper is then conveyed by the endless
web over another steam casing to perfect the drying, and is lastly wound
on a roller, and after again drying the prepared sheet or strip in a stove,
it may be cut up in short lengths or pieces for use,
•
O SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Emile Guenin in the Great Seal Patent Office ou
the 7th November 1870.
35
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EMILE
GUENIN, of Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of May, in the year of our

page_text: Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-third year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Emile Guenin, Her special licence that I, the said
Emile Guenin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Emile Guenin, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MUSTARD AND OTHER
PLASTERS, AND IN MACHINERY FOR THE SAME," a communication to me from
abroad by Paul Rigollot, of Paris, in the Empire of France, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Emile Guenin, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Emile Guenin, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that
is to say):-
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of mustard
plasters, such as those described in a Specification of a former Patent
granted to me, and dated March 26th 1867, No. 1212. I there described
the mustard flour (deprived of its oil) as being caused to adhere to the
paper or other surface on which it is applied by the aid of a solution of
india-rubber and a mixture of equal parts of sulphuret of carbon and
essence of petroleum. I have however found by experience that in some
cases the viscous liquid obtained by the above means fails to ensure
sufficient adhesion to suit the purposes of this manufacture.
According to the present improvements I substitute benzine for the
sulphuret of carbon, the solution being prepared in the following
manner I place, for example, about lb. of Para india-rubber in

page_text: sheets (this being the only kind suitable for the purpose) previously
masticated by passing between toothed rollers in a closed apparatus, and
digest it at a temperature of from 80 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit in about
5 or 6 lbs. of benzine having a density of about 17 oz. per pint. This
operation is continued for twenty-four hours, after which I introduce
the mass into a tinned metal apparatus provided with a stirrer similar
to a churn, and well agitate the contents, simultaneously with which I
add in small quantities at a time about 15 lbs. of essence of petroleum.
After this has been done I pass the viscous liquid obtained through a
wire sievo when it is ready for immediate use, as it loses its glutinous
properties by keeping, and becomes unsuited for producing the adhesion
of the mustard flour. Various light hydrocarburets obtained by the
distillation of schists and other matters with lime and oils of naptha
may also be substituted for the essence of petroleum before referred to.
Blisters and other medicative plasters may also be similarly prepared by
the aid of the rubber solution without affecting in the least the pro-
perties of the powders made use of. I also prepare a mild kind of
sinapism in the following manner for children and delicate or nervous
persons: I take 40 parts of white mustard flour, 40 parts of black
mustard bran reduced to a fine powder (both being deprived of their oil),
and 20 parts of black mustard flour, the whole being well mixed. I then
prepare the plasters therewith in sheets in the manner herein-after
described. It will be understood that I do not limit myself to the
precise proportions of the above ingredients, as they may be varied to
suit the degree of strength desired. When prepared in the proportions
indicated the plaster will have a slow progressive action requiring about
twenty minutes to attain its maximum effect. It will be also understood
that instead of using bran or white mustard I may introduce into the
mixture an incrt powder, such as linseed, for example, but with less
advantage.

page_text: I first wind the paper or other fabric (on which the mustard and
other powder is to be applied) on a drum A, whence it is led beneath
a roller B in a trough C, disposed beneath a reservoir D containing the
adhesive solution, which is caused to discharge its contents on to the
paper in the trough before it passes under roller B, the supply being
regulated by a cock E operated by a treadle F or otherwise. The
reservoir D may however be dispensed with, as in Figure 8, the adhesive
solution being simply poured by hand on to the paper in the trough;
in either case the roller B serves to spread the solution over the surface
of the paper. On leaving the trough the paper sheet or fabric is passed
between two scrapers G for reducing the adhesive substance thereon to
a uniform thickness, and is then caused to. travel beneath a hopper or
case H, having a perforated or reticulated bottom through which the
powder is sifted on to the paper, the hopper containing a supply of the
mustard flour or other substance to be applied. This hopper H has a
vibratory or reciprocating motion imparted to it by two connecting
rods I, I, each of which is pivoted at one end to the hopper H and at
the other to a crank pin carried on a pinion J. These pinions J arc
keyed on the same shaft and are driven by the winch handle K through
the train of gearing shown. The hopper H is supported and slides on
two parallel rods L, which pass through a sleeve bearing on the hopper,
the rapidity with which the latter vibrates being regulated according to
the thickness of the layer of powder required. M. is an open frame-
work of round iron, on which a number of wires are stretched lengthwise
to serve as a support for the paper or fabric whilst receiving the powder,
and until it reaches the travelling creeper O, hereafter described. The
mustard or other powder discharged from the hopper H falls on to the
sheet of paper or other fabric A³ (shown in red lines), where it is retained
by the adhesive solution previously applied, any powder in excess falling
into a receptacle N placed below the wirework M, and forming a
framing on which the gearing and hopper H are mounted. The frame
or receptacle N is fitted with doors N¹, by which access may be had to
the interior for removing the powder there accumulated. The paper is
caused to travel from this point in the arrangement shown in Figures 1
and 2, on an endless web O, beneath which travelling surface is disposed
a galvanized metal casing P, forming a table in which steam is intro-
duced by pipes P¹ for drying the solution on the paper with the deposit
of mustard.. Other pipes Q are provided for the exit of the steam and

page_text: B
of the water of condensation. The end of this casing P is supported
on a frame on which are mounted four rollers R, R, R, R, around
which the paper is conducted, the rollers being disposed as shown, so
that the paper is reversed, the side which has been coated with powder
5 as before described being downwards. When in this position it is sub-
jected to the action of a beater S. This beater is a roller furnished with
whalebone blades, which when rotated strike the back of the paper or
fabric to free the surface of any powder in excess. The powder so
detached falls on to an endless apron T, which passes round the rollers T¹
and conveys the powder into a receptacle U, as shown, the paper, and
with it the apron O passing between the upper and lower parts of
apron T. The paper passes from rollers R between adjustable pressing
rollers V, V¹, by which it is subjected to the necessary pressure for
ensuring the more perfect adhesion of the mustard or other powder and
5 rendering it of a uniform thickness. The paper is then conveyed by
the endless web O over another steam casing P2 to perfect the drying,
and is lastly wound on a roller W, and after again drying the prepared
sheet or strip in a stove it may be cut up in short lengths or pieces for
use. The travelling apron O passes round rollers O¹, O³, being driven
) by a winch handle applied to roller O³, whilst the paper roller W is
driven by an endless band from spur wheel K³. Motion may also be
communicated to apron T by bevel gearing from one of the rollers R.
In the arrangement shown in Figure 3 the steam casing and combina-
tion of rollers are dispensed with, the apron O being wound up on
5 roller O¹ and unwound with the fabric which is laid on table X. It is
tan and out an as hofonA

page_text: 3rdly. I also claim the simplified arrangement of machine shown and
described in reference to Figure 3 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Emile Guenin, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of. November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
E. GUENIN.
(L.S.)