IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR PRESSING. BRICKS AND OTHER OBJECTS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julius Frederick Moore Pollock, of Leeds, in the County
of York, Engineer, and John William Ivery, of Edgbaston, in the County of
Warwick, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR PRESSING.
BRICKS AND OTHER OBJECTS."
Sealed the 29th November 1878, and dated the 24th June 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Julius Frederick Moore
Pollock and John William Ivery at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 24th June 1878.
JULIUS FREDERICK MOORE POLLOCK, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer,
and JOHN WILLIAM IVERY, of Edgbaston, in the County of Warwick. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINES FOR PRESSING BRICKS AND OTHER OBJECTS."
This Invention relates to the arranging of a double press and a motor on a single
frame carried on wheels.
On standards terminating with suitable journals or studs forming axes for the
travelling wheels is an upper framework, whose top surface constitutes a table at a
suitable height to receive the mould boxes or dies for the objects to be pressed.
Above these mould boxes, one of which is at each end of the machine, are cross
heads, carried by suitable side rods, uniting them to similar lower cross heads
underneath the framework. The top and bottom pressing plates in connection
with these cross heads are worked by the rise and fall of the said cross heads, in a
manner well known, and described in the Specifications of previous Patents granted
to one of us, the said Julius Frederick Moore Pollock, No. 2195, dated 25th
Aug., and No. 2911, dated 6th Oct. 1869.
In the central part of the machine is the motor, which may be a steam engine,
placed vertically, with its cylinder inverted and acting through spur wheels and
pinions arranged in two pairs, or it may be through a worm and wheel. By this
arrangement the spindle having the slowest motion is in the centre of the machine
between the two presses, and by an eccentric or crank, allermate up-and-down
TD 11

page_text: motion may be readily imparted through suitable lovers and connecting links to
the pressing apparatus at each end of the machine, so that while one press is
pressing the opposite one will be delivering the compressed object, and so on.
Where a two-fold pressure is desirable we may construct the end presses with a
joggle pressing motion, uniting the central or "elbow joint" of one with the central
or elbow joint of the other by a horizontal link, constructed with a transverse slot
in the centre, in which works a sliding block carried by the crank or spindle nose
previously referred to. By so arranging the stroke of the crank that the elbow
joints will pass alternately a little beyond the point of greatest pressure, and
consequently, in returning, give out pressure a second time, the bricks or
other objects to be pressed are placed on slides on the inner sides of the
presses, and are transferred to the pressing position by self-acting intermit
tent levers receiving motion from a cam or other similar device rotating in time
with the spindle wheel and crank. This cam may conveniently be on the back of
the said wheel. The same cam is made alternately to actuate two levers, one on
each side of said spindle, so that one lever stands still while the other makes its
to-and-fro inotion. Ample time is thus given, while the levers stand still, for the
attendants to place the objects to be pressed in proper position on the feeding
slide.
After pressure, the bricks may be delivered on to a suitable shelf, so arranged as
to ensure their being clear of the pressing plate when it next descends, or they may
be carried away on a delivery belt.
Such a machine as we have described will travel easily from end to end of large
sheds or yards, so that it may go to the objects to be pressed, instead of their
having to be carried a considerable distance to the machine. For this purpose we
arrange a steam pipe and an exhaust pipe from end to end of the shed, provided at
suitable distances in their length with nozzles and unions.
We connect other nozzles and unions with the steain and exhaust passages of the
motor of the machine, and provide strong flexible connecting pipes. These pipes
may be readily connected to and disconnected from the unions along the shed, cach
of which is provided with a stop-cock, to avoid any escape of steam while forming
the connection or breaking it. Thus the machine with its driving gear may be put
in motion by power at a distance from the steam boiler, and at any desired portion
of the shed, and may traverse a circle of considerable radius without altering tho
connections.
The motor used in our improved machine may be worked by steam, water pres
sure, or compressed air.
In the case of brick pressing the steam will be fully utilized, as the exhaust may
be applied to assist in licating the shed floor.
We would have it understood that we do not limit ourselves to the preciso
arrangement of machine above described, as other arrangements of portable com.
bined pressing machine motor and self-acting feeding motions, with means of
connection with and disconnection from the motive power, may be constructed
according to our Invention.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Julius Frederick Moore Pollock and John William Ivery in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 23rd December 1878.
JULIUS FREDERICK MOORE POLLOCK, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer,
and JOHN WILLIAM IVERY, of Edgbaston, in the County of Warwick. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINES FOR PRESSING BRICKS AND OTHER OBJECTS."
This Invention relates to the arranging of a double press and a motor on a single
frame carried on wheels.
On standards terminating with suitable journals or studs forming axes for the
travelling wheels is an upper framework, whose top surface constitutes a table at a
suitable height to receive the mould boxes or dies for the objects to be pressed.
Above these mould boxes, one of which is at each end of the machine, are cross
heads, carried by suitable side rods, uniting them to similar lower cross heads
underneath the framework. The top and bottom pressing plates in connection with
these cross heads are worked by the rise and fall of the said cross heads, in a
manner well known, and described in the Specifications of provious Patents granted
to one of us, the said Julius Frederick Moore Pollock, No. 2195, dated 25 August,
1866, and No. 2911, dated 6 October, 1869.
In the central part of the machine is the motor, which may be a steam engine,
placed vertically, with its cylinder inverted and acting through spur wheels and
pinions arranged in two pairs, or it may be through a worm and wheel. By this
arrangement the spindle having the slowest motion is in the centre of the machine,
between the two presses, and by an eccentric or crank action alternate up-and-
down motion may be readily imparted through suitable levers and connecting links
to the pressing apparatus at each end of the machine, so that while one press is
pressing, the opposite one will be delivering the compressed object, and so on.
Where a two-fold pressure is desirable we prefer to construct the end presses
with a joggle pressing motion, uniting the central or "elbow joint" of one with
the central or elbow joint of the other by a horizontal link, constructed with a
transverse slot in the centre, in which works a sliding block, carried by the crank
on spindle nose previously referred to. So arranging the stroke of the crank
that the elbow joint will pass alternately a little beyond the points of greatest
pressure, and consequently, in returning, give out pressure a second time, the
bricks or other objects to be pressed are placed on platforms, and by slides
on the inner sides of the pressos aro transferred to the pressing position by the
operation of self-acting intermittent levers, receiving motion from a cam or other
suitable device rotating in time with the spindle wheel and crank. This cam may
conveniently be on the back of the said wheel. The same cam is made alternately
to actuate two levers, one on each side of said spindle, so that one lever stands still
while the other makes its to-and-fro motion. Ample time is thus given while the
levers stand still for the attendants to place the objects to be pressed in proper
position on the feeding platform.
After pressure the bricks may be delivered on to a suitable shelf, so arranged as
to ensure their being clear of tho pressing plate when it next descends, or they may
be carried away on a delivery belt.
Such a machine as we have described will travel easily from end to end of large
sheds or yards, so that it may go to the objects to be pressed, instead of their
having to be carried a considerable distance to the machine. For this purpose wo
arrange a steam pipe and an exhaust pipe from end to end of the shed, provided at
suitable distances in their length with nozzles and unions.
We connect other nozzles and unions with the steam and exhaust passages of the
motor of the machine, and provide strong flexible connecting pipes. These pipes
may be readily connected to and disconnected from the unions along the shed, each

page_text: of which is provided with a stop-cock, to avoid any escape of steam while forming
the connection or breaking it. Thus the machine with its driving gear may be put
in motion by power at a distance from the steam boiler, and at any desired portion
of the shed, and may traverse a circle of considerable radius without altering the
connections.
The motor used in our improved machine may be worked by steam, water pres-
sure, or compressed air.
In the case of brick pressing the steam will be fully utilized, as the exhaust may
be applied to assist in heating the shed floors.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 shows in front elevation, and Fig. 2 in
side elevation a machine according to our Invention.
a, a', are moulds for compressing bricks or other articles; b, b¹, are the pressing
plates, the former (b) at the downward extremity of the stroke, the latter (6') in
the highest position; c, c¹, are the opposite or bottom plates (inside the moulds),
against which the brick or other object is pressed, and by which it is delivered;
the upper or pressing plates b, b₁, are attached to cross heads d, d³, united by slide
rods d², d², to bottom cross heads e, e¹, the whole forming one fraine and working,
suitably guided at e², e³, the former a bush, and the latter a roller running in vertical
guides.
Reciprocating motion is given (in this case vertically) to these cross heads by the
elbow joint or joggle links f, f, g, g, the upper joints of which, ƒ³, g², are fixed
to the framework of the machine, and the lower joints f, g, to the bottom cross
heads e, e¹, a bar h unites the central joints of these joggle links, and is so adjusted
that when one joggle centre is at one extremity of its stroke the other joggle
centre is at the other extremity (as shown in the Drawing, Fig. 1). The central
part of this bar is provided with a transverse slot h¹, h, in which works a sliding
block, carried round by a crank pin i attached to the spur wheel j. The spur
wheelj is driven by the pinion / on the same axis as which is the spur wheel ke¹.
The spur wheel is driven by the pinion, working in conjunction with the fly
wheel, which is actuated by the steam 'cylinder m by means of ordinary piston
and connecting rods, as shown on the right hand side of Fig. 2. It will thus be
evident that the power from the steam engine m passes through the double gearing
j, k, l, and l, and is given out to the crank pin i; the back of the spur wheel j also
carries a cam groove j¹, into which runs a roller n, giving intermittent reciprocating
motion to a lever n', the other end of which n³ works a slide o, moving to and fro
on a small table or platform o¹.
In Fig. 1 the lever n' is shown on the right hand of the wheel j in the middle
of its stroke. A similar lever is on the other side of the said wheel, the centro line
of which is shown at n², n*, which receives motion alternately with the said lever
from the same can groove.
The stroke given to the bar h is such that it somewhat passes the centre line of
the press cross heads, as shown at h³, and therefore passes the point at which the
cross heads are lowest, and somewhat raises them; returning, it again passes the
point at which the cross heads are lowest, thus giving out the pressure twice to the
article in the mould. This operation is performed alternately at each end of the..
machine, while the brick (or bricks) or other objects is (or are) being pressed at
one end, another (or others) is (or are) being delivered at the other end of the
machine.
The compressed object is raised out of the mould by the rods p, p, (Fig. 2) which
are raised by the bottom ascending cross head acting on their lower shoulders
through the medium of the spiral springs p', p'. These springs are sufficiently
strong to bear the weight of the compressed object and plate without being much
compressed; the plate, however, being so arranged that it cannot rise above the
level of the top side of the mould, the remaining portion of the upward stroke is
given out in compressing the springs, thus allowing the plate to remain stationary
at the top of the mould long enough for the removal of the compressed object and

page_text: the insertion of another object for pressure. This delivery of the compressed object
and insertion of another object is performed mechanically by the slides o and the
levers n¹ and cam already described.
The objects to be pressed are placed by the attendant on the platforms o¹, o¹, and
then by the motion of the slides o, o, are alternately transferred to the moulds a, a³,
where they receive the pressure by the operation of the joggles, and crank pin, and
connecting bar (f, g, h, i), as already described, the slides o, o, retiring alternately
in the meantime into the backward or central position, in which another object is
placed in front of them. The cross heads then rise and bring the objects to a level
with the top of the moulds, and the unpressed object being pushed forward by the
slide o is placed into the mould;, at the same time pushing forward the pressed
object on to the receiver q, so shaped that the pressed object will fall clear of the
descending cross head, as shown at q'; the object is then removed from the receiver
by the attendant, and the operation repeated.
To make it thoroughly portable, the machine is placed on the four wheels 7, 7, and
the steam and exhaust pipes are made of india-rubber, properly prepared, and coupled
to the cylinder by suitable unions, shown at 8, 8, the other ends of the india-rubber
pipes being attached to similar unions on pipes conveniently placed in the shed or
workshop; by having a series of these unions, and changing the couplings from one
to the other, the machine may be made to traverse over any reasonable distance,
and so save the porterage of the objects to the machine.
The moving parts are protected on the feeding side by a guard plate t, and the
nain frame is formed in the central part to one side of the machine, as shown
dotted in Fig. 2, at u, u, so that the attendant can approach close to the platforms
o', o³, for extra convenience in placing the objects on them.
We would have it understood that we do not limit ourselves to the precise
mechanism described, as various modifications of our portable combined pressing
machine motor and self-acting feeding motions with means of connection with
and disconnection from the motive power may be constructed according to our
Invention.
Having described the nature of our said Invention, and explained the manner of
carrying the same into practical effect, we hereby declare that what we consider
to be novel and original, and therofore claim as secured to us under the Letters
Patent herein-before first in part recited is,-
1. The combining into one portable machine apparatus for pressing bricks and
other objects, self-acting feeding motions, a motor, and means of connection with
and disconnection from motive power, substantially as described.
2. The arranging such machinery as shown in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Julius Frederick Moore Pollock, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
JULIUS FM POLLOCK
(LS)