Improvements in Safety Valves for Domestic Boilers.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 26th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 29th Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Safety Valves for Domestic Boilers.
I, GEORGE MAULE MARCHANT of Chapel Hill Brass Works, Huddersfield
Yorkshire, Brass Founder and Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to safety valves for domestic boilers for permitting the
escape of steam when the pressure in the boiler is excessive, and the object of my
improvements therein is to give an alarm when the pressure is excessive and
to convey or spray water from the boiler over the fire to extinguish it.
In carrying out my invention I preferably employ a deadweight safety valve
which can be loaded to open at any desired pressure, and to said valve, or attached
to a tube or pipe connected with the valve, is a whistle or contrivance adapted to
be vibrated and create a sound by the violent issue of steam therefrom.
The whistle or alarm, when connected to a pipe communicating with the valve,
can be placed in any conspicuous or convenient position.
Inside the valve I arrange two domes, one within the other, so as to leave a
space between, and in the sides of the said valve I form one or more openings or
water passages.
The water, rushing into the valve when the latter is opened by the excessive
pressure of steam, is prevented from rising above the outer dome but impinges
thereon and is deflected or returned to the bottom of the valve, from which
it discharges through the water passages and is conveyed by pipe or pipes to the
fire. The pipe may be provided with a spraying device or some such device may
be attached to the valve to collect the water and deliver it onto the fire in the form
of a spray. A flange or plate, or plates, or the weight on the valve spindle, may
be employed to obstruct the passage of the water through the valve and return it
to the outlets.
The space between the shell of the valve and the dome allows for the free
passage of steam to the alarm.
Dated this 26th day of February 1894.
Improvements in Safety Valves for Domestic Bollers.
I, GEORGE MAULE MARCHANT, of Chapel Hill Brass Works, Huddersfield,
Yorkshire, Brass Founder and Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to safety valves for domestic boilers for permitting the
escape of steam and water when the pressure in the boiler becomes excessive, and
the object of my improvements therein is to give an alarm when any such event

page_text: takes place, and to utilise the escaping water for putting out or partly extinguishing
the fire.
For the purpose of fully describing said invention, reference is herein had to the
accompanying drawings illustrative thereof, wherein :-
Fig. 1 is sectional elevation of a safety valve for domestic boilers constructed
according to my invention, and
Fig. 2 is sectional elevation of a modified construction of said valve.
In the drawings, A represents the body or casing of the valve made in two parts,
somewhat as shewn, so that access can be had to the interior for cleaning, or
repairing the parts, or for varying the load to suit the pressure at which the valve
is to open.
Within the casing A is the valve B preferably of the mushroom type,
resting on its seating C and held down thereon by means of weights D passed over
the valve spindle or shank B₁ and abutting on an inverted cup or a dome E
screwed or otherwise made fast to the valve spindle.
The dome E occupies a position immediately above the valve which is rounded or
dome shaped on its upper side, or made concentric with the inner surface of the
dome E. The valve is guided vertically by wings F formed thereon engaging with
the walls or sides of the inlet G and is steadied at the top by guides or a short tube H
formed or secured at the base of the whistle or alarm I between or into which enters
the upper end of the valve spindle B¹. The whistle or alarm is shewn connected to
the apex of the valve casing, but it will be understood that the alarm may be
placed in a convenient position within the room where it will be more audible and
conspicuous, the communication between the top of the casing A and the whistle
being established by means of a pipe. At the lower end of the casing A, one or
more outlets J are made, each opening into a channel or pipe K to which is
connected a common discharge pipe L whose outlet is situated near the fire and in
position for pouring water thereon. Instead, however, of using one discharge pipe
only, each, or two or more of the outlets J, may have separate discharge pipes L
as shewn at Fig. 2, each adapted to discharge water onto the fire.
The discharge pipe or pipes L may, if desired, be provided with nozzles or spraying
devices of any ordinary description to spray the water over the whole surface of the
fire. The body of the valve is secured to the boiler M in any ordinary manner and
so long as the pressure therein is not excessive or dangerous, the valve remains
inactive. When, from any cause, such for instance as the stoppage of the water
circulation by frost, the pressure in the boiler attains the maximum of safety, it
overcomes the weight by which the valve is loaded and forcing said valve up off its
seating, permits the water and steam to rush out of the boiler into the valve
chamber. The steam thus admitted passes up between the dome E and weights D,
and the sides of the casing, from whence it escapes through the whistle I which,
being thus sounded gives audible warning of a defect or obstruction in the hot
water service. On the other hand, the water which is admitted into the valve
casing is prevented from rising therein by the dome E upon which it impinges and
is thereby deflected and returned to the bottom of the casing from whence it flows
through the outlets J and into the discharge pipe L which delivers it onto the fire
and extinguishes or partly extinguishes it. As soon the pressure in the boiler is
relieved, the valve is forced down again onto its seating by the weights D or
equivalent springs.
1
In the construction of safety valve shewn in Fig. 2 the dome E is dispensed
with, the bottom weight on the valve spindle, or a Hange thereon, serving equally
well to deflect and return the inrushing water to the outlets J.
The pipe N for supplying water to the boiler is connected to the boiler as near
the safety valve as possible, or is connected to the safety valve itself as shewn in
Fig. 2, in order that the wash created by the incoming water may prevent the
accumulation or settling of scum in or about the valve.
By the means above described boiler explosions are avoided and audible warning
is given and the fire put out or partly extinguished automatically each time the
pressure in the boiler becomes excessive.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven--
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
Firstly. The combination, in domestic boilers, of a loaded safety valve, steam
whistle or alarm, and dome E or its equivalent, all arranged, constructed and.
acting in manner and for purposes substantially as shewn and described.
Secondly. The combination with a loaded safety valve and steam whistle or
alarm, of means for collecting and discharging water onto the fire, substantially as-
shewn and described.
Dated this 24th day of November 1894.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Huddersfield, Patent Agents..