Improvements in Loom Jacquards.
Year: 1892

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Loom Jacquards.
I, GEORG BÜRKLE, of Blaubeuren, in the Kingdom of Würtemberg, in the
German Empire, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a new arrangement and construction of needles and lifting
wires for Jacquard-looms, and the object of my invention is to secure an easy
mobility and exact working of the said parts and at the same time to construct the
same so that they occupy a reduced space, as compared with the construction in use
heretofore.
I effect these improvements by connecting the needles with the lifting-wires by
means of separate threads and by making the lifting-wires of two parts movable the
one in relation to the other.
I construct the said lifting-wires of short vertical rods resting on the bottom
board of the lifting mechanism, and of light spherical balls adapted to glide along
the said rods.
The construction and operation of my invention will be more readily understood
by reference to the accompanying drawings, of which:
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the part of a Jacquard-loom to which my improve-
ments relate, the lifting-bar being in its lowest position.
Fig. 1 is a detail view of one separate lifting-wire drawn to natural size.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation similar to Fig. 1, the lifting-bar being in its highest
position.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the frame D.
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan on the line - of Fig. 1, the lifting-blades being
open.
Fig. 5 is a similar view, the lifting-blades being closed.
Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a lifting-blade, and at the right I have also shown
two lifting-blades in cross-section.
Figs. 7 & 8 are modified forms of the lifting-wires.
The loom has a cylinder,.on which are mounted the cards which influence the.
needles n
each of which is, by means of a thread f, connected to a ball B¹
sliding on the lifting-wire B. The threads f pass over cylindrical glass rods b,
which are secured to the frame D, and form a grating in combination with
wires c crossing the glass rods b at right angles (Figs. & 3). This construc-
E is the lifting-bar,
tion prevents the threads from becoming entangled.
provided with grooves.gq into which the extremities of the lifting-blades Fare
adapted to engage; G G are two opposite vertical side boards connected to the
bottom-board H, said side boards being placed between the guiding laths of the
lifting bar E. In the side boards GG I provide guiding grooves g g¹ in order
to move each couple of lifting-blades F F from each other, or towards each
other, when the lifting-bar E is displaced vertically.
As will be seen in Figs. 1 & 14, the lifting-wires B are not, as usual, con-
structed in the form of simple hooks, but of two parts, the one, B, being
secured to one of the cords e, the other, B, which slides along the first, being
fixed to the thread fas already mentioned. The part B rests on the bottom
board H by means of the collar k, and is at its top provided with a head k',
and at its under end with a hook o adapted to receive the cord e. The thread f
is wound around the neck of the sliding ball B₁ and its other end fixed to an
eye or hook p at the end of the needle n. The couples of lifting-blades F
during their vertical course closely approach the lifting-wires B B₁ and are so

page_text: guided in the grooves g g' that at the lower end of the same they separate so
as to allow the ball B' to pass freely between the same.
The object of this construction is a double one: first, by lifting the ball B¹
up to the head, to be enabled to raise the lifting-wire B belonging to the
same (as is the case for the rows I and III in Fig. 1), together with the lifting-
bar E into the position Fig. 2, so that a shed is formed for the shuttle. Or,
when the ball B rests upon the collar k, the needles n may be set out of gear
with the card by pushing them back through the distance indicated by = on
Fig. 1; the lifting-wires B connected to these needles are then not operated,
as is the case for the rows II and IV in Fig. 1.
The needles n, which are arranged in rows 1, 2, 3, 4 and each of which
influences a ball B', are guided in cross-bars fixed to the frame of the
machine. When the cards mounted on a cylinder, the operation of which I need
not describe, as it differs in nothing from the usual one, come in contact with
the ends of the needles n protruding from the cross-bar h, they operate only
upon the needles for which there are no corresponding holes on the cards (such
is the case for the rows 2 and 4 on Fig. 1); whereas the needles for which
corresponding holes are provided on the card (such is the case for the rows 1
and 3) are not operated, but remain in their respective positions.
In consequence thereof the balls B₁ connected to the needles n of the rows 1
and 3 remain in the position above the lifting-blades F as shown in Fig. 1;
thus when hereafter the lifting-bar E is raised, the blades F, approaching each
other, seize the balls B' of the rows I and III and lift the same together with
the lifting-wires B, whereby the corresponding number of warp-threads is lifted
by the cords e (Fig. 2). During this lifting the threads f attached to the
raised balls B are loosely hanging down from the glass rods b, as will be seen
in Fig. 2, and the said threads are stretched again during the descending move-
ment of the lifting-bar E. The needles n, when no more influenced by the
card, are brought back into their former position by the spiral springs i (Fig. 1)
and thus the balls B are lifted again into the position as shown for the rows
and III on Fig. 1. To the cords e there are fixed small weights, as is usual
in Jacquard looms, and these weights contribute to stretch the threads f, and
also to give a vertical position to the lifting-wires B.
The order in which the balls B are lifted or brought down on the collar k,
depends of course on the arrangement of the holes in the card, that is to say,
on the pattern to be produced. Each time a needle n is pushed back, the
corresponding ball B₁ slides down to the collar k, and thus is not lifted together
with the lifting bar E, when the latter begins its ascending movement; but
when a needle n comes in line with one of the perforations of the card, the end
of said needle is driven into the perforation by the action of the spring i, and
the corresponding ball B' lifted into such position, that the blades F, when
moving upwards, will seize the same and take it with them.
The balls B are preferably small beads but I may also employ balls con-
sisting of a light metal, such as for instance aluminium. A very important
advantage of my improved construction is that the threads f may be very fine
and yet last very long without sensible wear. I construct the bottom plate H
in the same manner for all looms that is to say, with the same interval between
the cords e; and when the perforations on the card are not placed at the
corresponding distance, the arrangement of the needles n is of course such as to
register with the said perforations, and the threads are stretched out obliquely
from the eyes or hooks p to the glass rods b.
I will shortly sum up the advantages offered by my invention.
1. The needles n and the lifting-wires B B' are of the same size for all machines
(2 and 1 inches respectively).
2. The whole machine is lower than the Jacquard looms of usual construction.
3. The needles n may be placed very close to each other.
4. Instead of cards consisting of card-board as employed hitherto, I may use

page_text: cards made of endless paper-bands, as the springs i may be quite feeble, having only
to lift the light balls B.
5. The threads fmay be very fine, as already mentioned. I may of course also
use wire-threads.
6. The needles and lifting-bars may be removed and replaced much more simply
than in the common Jacquard looms."
A modified construction presenting the same advantages is shown at Figs. 7 & 8.
The lifting-wire B consists only of one piece, being a rod provided at its lower end
with a burr B and at its upper end with a head B2 and a hook to which the thread f
is secured. The cords e e are secured to a plate P which usually rests on the
bottom plate H, and which is provided with a central hole y through which loosely
passes the lifting-wire B.
The operation is exactly the same as described for the first form of construction,
the whole lifting-wire B B B having the same function as the ball B' of the above
described construction, and the plate P that of the lifting-wire B is the same first
form of construction; the cords e e are fixed to both ends of the plate P.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a Jacquard loom: A lifting-wire, to which are secured the cords (e), and
which is provided with a suitable head, in combination with a part adapted to slide
along the said lifting-wire and connected to the needle n by a thread f, for the
purpose as described.
2. In a Jacquard loom: The combination of the lifting-wire (B) having a
burr (B), a head (B) and a hook for receiving the thread (f), with the
plate (P), provided with central hole (y) and to which the cords (ee) are secured,
substantially and for the purpose as described, with reference to Figs. 7 & 8 of
the drawing.
3. In a Jacquard loom: The combination of the ball (B¹), connected to the
needle (n) by a thread (f), with the lifting-wire (B) having head (¹), collar (k)
and hook (o), for the purpose as described.
4. In a Jacquard foom: The lifting-blades (F F) guided in grooves (g g), the
lower ends whereof, (9'), are made divergent, for the purpose as described.
Dated this 11th day of April 1892.
Dated this 11th way of Apr 1094.
GEORG BÜRKLE,
By Geo. Thos. Hyde,
4, Moorfields, Fore Street, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.