IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM HAMMERS OR HAMMERS ACTUATED BY OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1878

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LETTERS PATENT to Stephen Massey, of Openshaw, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM HAMMERS OR
HAMMERS ACTUATED BY OTHER FLUIDS."
Sealed the 9th May 1879, and dated the 12th November 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Stephen Massey at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November 1878.
STEPHEN MASSEY, of Openshaw, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
PROVEMENTS IN STEAM HAMMERS OR HAMMERS ACTUATED BY OTHER FLUIDS."
"IM-
My Invention relates, firstly, to a method of giving a self acting motion to the
slide valve of steam or other such hammers. For this purpose I employ a curved
lever capable of turning upon a fixed centre and extending between studs or other
such parts carried by apparatus which is connected to the tup or piston rod, and by
these means therefore the said bent lever is caused to vibrate and carry with it a
connecting rod jointed at its other end to the valve spindle. This spindle carries a
projecting part situate in the same plane as a bar provided with inclines, and as the
aforesaid vibratory motion takes place this projecting part runs up and down the
inclines, thus effecting a self acting movement to the valve. The position of the
inclines may be fixed or variable so as to cause the movements of the hammer to
be constant or variable. Instead of using the aforesaid connecting rod the valve
spindle may be lengthened with a slot formed in it, and a bar connected with the
wiper bar, and inclines be made to slide backward and forward through this slot, or
one of the inclines may be omitted and in lieu thereof a spring or weight may
move the valve in one direction. Secondly, my Invention consists in an arrange-
ment of hammer for breaking or crushing stone, ores, or other such substances
D

page_text: The piston rod I ordinarily place at an angle, say, about 30 degrees to the horizon,
but it may be placed horizontally, vertically, or at any angle, its end being pro-
longed through the back or top cover of the cylinder and the valve gear actuated
from that end away from the dust and grit of the material. The hammer strikes
into a box or chamber into which the material falls from a hopper or opening and
when broken passes out through another opening therein, the size or form thereof
being fixed or variable according to the requirements of the work. The faces of
the hammer and chamber may be plain, ridged, or of other forms according to the
effect to be produced. The valve gear may be substantially the same as that above
described, or of any other arrangement.
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SPECIFICATION in pursuance
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STEPHEN MASSEY, 'of Openshaw, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer. "IM
PROVEMENTS IN STEAM HAMMERS OR HAMMERS ACTUATED BY OTHER FLUIDS."
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My Invention consists, firstly, in a method of giving a self acting motion to the
slide valve of steam or other bammers actuated by fluids, and is shewn under one
form at Fig. 1. At I is the tup or piston rod of the bammer, carrying a projecting
part 2 provided with a roller 3 against which is a curved wiper rod 5 capable of
turning upon a fixed' centre 6 drawn in one direction (against the roller 3)" by a
spring 7, or it might be a weight. The lower end of the wiper 5 is connected to a
link 8 jointed to a connecting rod 9 the upper end of which is jointed to the spindle
10 of the ordinary valve, which valve is assumed to be that well known construction
used in steam hammers in which the exhaust is through the piston. At 11 is a
plate carried by any stationary part and provided with two flanges 12, 13, upon
which are fixed inclines 14, 15, and at 16, 17, are two rollers or studs carried by the
connecting rod 9. According to the positions of the parts shewn the roller 16 has
run up the incline 14 and has therefore pulled down the connecting rod 9 and con
sequently the valve rod' 10, which 'motions have been effected by the spring 7
having turned the wiper 5 against the roller 3. The piston rod I now ascending
will cause the"
the said roller 3 to traverse the curved wiper 5 and by causing it to turn
upon its centre 6 in the opposite direction to that effected by the spring 7 will!
cause the roller 17 to run up the incline 15, and effect an upward motion of the
valve spindle 10, thus shifting the valve in the opposite direction to that above
described, and these operations alternately take place with the upward and
ward motions of the piston rod, whereby a self acting valve motion is oned.
At 18 is a hand lever by which the valve may be shifted in the usual manner.
front of the slotted part 2 is a pin 19, this is simply to prevent the wiper 5 from
flying out The inclines 14, 15, may be permanently attached to the plate 11 or
may be adjusted on the flanges 12, 13, by means of bolts or other such apparatus.
Fig. 2 shews a modification of this part of my Invention. The roller 3, wiper 5,
and spring 7 are as before, but in this instance the connecting rod 9 is dispensed
with and the plate 11 with its inclines 14, 15, is connected to the wiper 5, and the
said plate 11 passes through a slot formed in an extended part of the valve rod 10.
The plate 11 therefore in this case is traversed by the spring 7 and roller S and
alternately conveys the inclines 14, 15, into contact with the ends 20, 21, of the
slot, thereby shifting the valve as before described. Fig. 3 shews another modifi-
cation. In this instance there is one stationary incline 14 only, up which a roller
or stud 17 runs when the wiper is turned by the roller 3, and the office of the second
incline for moving the valve in the other direction is supplied by a spring 22, one
end of which is attached to the hand lever 18; the operation in other respects is the
same as that above described. This Fig. also shews another variation. The incline
14 is adapted to slide on the fixed part 11 and to it is connected the spindle of a
screw 23 working in a nut at 24, and by these means the position of the said incline
may be altered during the working of the hammer; this method of adjusting may
be adapted to the double inclines above described. Fig. 4 shews another modifi-
cation. In this instance the spring 7 of Figs. 1, 2, 3 is dispensed with and its place
supplied by a roller 24, between which and the other roller 3 the wiper 5 passes,
and these two rollers therefore shift the valve rod in both directions. Secondly. My
Invention consists in an arrangement of hammer for breaking or crushing stone,
ores, or other such substances, and is shewn in side and plan views at Figs. 5 and 6.
At 25 is the framework carrying a cylinder 26 placed at an angle to the horizon;
about 30 degrees is that which I usually adopt. At 27 is the piston rod, which is
extended through the back or higher end of the cylinder. The hammer head or tup

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is at 28 extending into a receptacle which is surmounted by a hopper 29, shewn
broken off in Fig. 5, and at 30, is the anvil extending into the said receptacle. The
bottom of the hoppera is, formed, by a plate. 30x, which is provided with a slit 31
through which the broken up material falls, and by changing this plate different
sizes of slits may be adapted; or a sliding plate with various openings might be
used. The piston rod, as before stated, is extended through the higher end of the
cylinder and it is from this situation that I take the motion for shifting the valve,
and thus the gear thereof is removed from the dust and grit of the material under
operation. This valve gear may be of any ordinary arrangement, but the Drawing
shews that which constitutes the first part of my Invention and described in
reference to Figs. 1 to 4, and the same numbers of reference being marked on cor-
responding parts a repetition of the description will not be necessary. The faces of
the hammer and anvil may be plain, ridged, or of other forms according to the effect
to be produced, and the whole apparatus may be placed upon wheels for portability,
and the frame may carry a steam boiler.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood that I
claim as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters Patent, and for the
purposes above set forth, without limiting myself to the exact details shewn and
described,
Firstly. The use of the curved wiper working in combination with inclines or an
incline, as illustrated at 5, 14, 15.
Secondly. The general arrangement of breaking or crushing machine shewn at
Figs. 5 and 6.
In witness whereof, I, the said Stephen Massey, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Tenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-nine.
STEPHEN MASSEY. (L.S.)