quruрге парапетоц Engines, Worked by Steam or other Fluids. SINGLE-ACTING QUICK SPEED TRIPLE AND QUADRUPLE EXPANSION ENGINES, WORKED BY STEAM OR OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1885

page_text: quruрге парапетоц
Engines, Worked by Steam or other Fluids.
THOMAS COMINGS HIDE, 4 Cullum Street Fenchurch Street, E.C. Marine
Engineer, and WALTER WARDROP of the same address, also Marine Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of said invention for SINGLE-ACTING QUICK SPEED TRIPLE
AND QUADRUPLE EXPANSION ENGINES, WORKED BY STEAM OR OTHER FLUIDS, to be
as follows:
For the purpose of carrying out the principle of Triple expansion we use three
Cylinders (viz;) one high, one Medium, and one Low pressure-Preferably the Low
and Medium pressure Cylinders are placed side by side, over a casting or chamber,
containing a crank shaft having cranks placed diametrically opposite each other,
their pistons being connected thereto by connecting rods in the usual manner.
These two pistons move in opposite directions to each other.
The High pressure cylinder is placed on top of the Low pressure Cylinder, its
piston being rigidly connected with the Low pressure piston by a hollow rod or
trunk of a diameter equal to the High pressure Cylinder. Between the Medium
and Low pressure Cylinder and extending above them is a tubular chamber con-
taining a piston slide valve consisting of a rod with two valve pistons or faces,
which cover and uncover ports opening into the said tubular chamber, and leading
to the ends of each Cylinder. The function of this piston valve being to control
the admission and exhaustion of the steam or other fluids to and froin all the
Cylinders. in the manner to be hereinafter described. The piston slide valve is
actuated by an eccentric and rod in the usual manner. The top of the tubular
chamber is open to a steam or other fluid jacket surrounding the whole of the
Cylinders, the upper end of the piston slide valve being always subjected to a
downward pressure to maintain the joints or wearing parts always in intimate
contact to prevent back lash.
The mode of operation is as follows-Suppose the High and Low pressure
pistons to be at the top of their respective Cylinders, steam or fluid will pass from
the jacket above the upper slide valve piston into the High pressure Cylinder.
The Medium pressure Cylinder (the piston of which is at the bottom of its stroke)
is full of steain or fluid exhausted from the High pressure Cylinder on its previous
up stroke-communication now also exists between the Medium and Low pressure

page_text: Cylinders by the passage between the slide valve pistons. On the completion of
one half revolution the High and Low pressure pistons will be at the bottom of
their respective Cylinders, the High pressure Cylinders will be full of live steam
or fluid from the jacket whilst the Low pressure Cylinders will have received the
contents of the Medium pressure Cylinder, the piston of which is now at the top
of its Cylinder or stroke, and ready to receive the exhaust from the High pressure
Cylinder by the passage between the slide valve pistons. The low pressure
Cylinders is now exhausting into the atmosphere or condenser below, the bottom
side of the lower slide valve piston and the revolution completed. The space
between the slide valve pistons alternately forms communication between the High
and Medium pressure Cylinders, and between the Medium and Low pressure
Cylinders. When working in connexion with a condenser as a condensing engine,
if the bottom of the Low pressure Cylinders was left open as in a non condensing
engine, the atmospheric pressure would tend to pull the connecting rod from its
crank, to obviate this, we close the bottom end of Low pressure Cylinder with a
cover, and provide a piston rod with stuffing box, the underside of the Low pressure
piston is then put into permanent communication with the condenser, the back
pressure existing in the High pressure Cylinder during its up-stroke and whilst
compressing steam into the Medium Cylinder keeping the connecting rod in
intimate contact with its crank pin. In like manner the back pressure in Medium
pressure Cylinder during its up-stroke, and whilst compressing its contents into
the Low pressure Cylinders will perform the same office for its own connecting rod
and crank pin. In some cases we also close the lower end of the Medium pressure
Cylinder and place it in permanent connexion with the condensor. In carrying
out the principle of Quadruple expansion for very high pressures, we employ a
fourth Cylinder placed over what has been heretofore described as the Medium
pressure Cylinder the two pistons being connected in a similar manner to the High
and Low pressure Cylinders as already described, and an additional piston or
pistons added to the piston slide valve.

page_text: Single-acting Quick Speed Triple and Quadruple Expansion
Engines, Worked by Steam or other Fluids.
THOMAS COMINGS HIDE, 4 Cullum Street, Fenchurch Street, E.C. Marine
Engineer and WALTER WARDROP of the same address, also Marine Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
For the purpose of carrying out the principle of Triple expansion we use three
Cylinders, as illustrated by Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawing, viz; one
High A¹ one Medium A2 and one Low Pressure A³. Preferably the Low A3 and
Medium Cyl A are placed side by side over a casting or chamber B containing a
Crank shaft C having cranks C and C placed diametrically opposite each other.
The High Pressure Cylinder A¹ is placed on top of the Low pressure Cylinder A³
its piston D¹ being rigidly connected with the Low pressure piston D³ by a hollow
rod or trunk E of a diameter equal to the High pressure cylinder A¹. Between the
Medium and Low pressure Cylrs and extending above them is a tubular chamber F
containing a piston slide valve consisting of a rod G with two valve pistons or
faces H and H2 which cover and uncover ports I², I and I³ opening into the said
chamber and leading into the ends of each cylinder. The function of this piston
valve being to control the admission and exhaustion of the steam or other fluid to
and from all the Cylinders in the manner to be hereafter described. The piston
slide valve is actuated by an eccentric J and rod K in the usual manner.
The top
side of the piston Valve H is open to a steam or other fluid jacket L surrounding
the whole of the cylinders this jacket being in communication with the boiler or
other source of fluid supply. The upper end of piston slide valve H' being always
subjected to a downward pressure, or as shewn in the drawing by means of the
piston Hs being always subjected to an upward pressure, to maintain the joints or
wearing parts always in intimate contact, to prevent back lash, the upper side of
piston H³ is put in communication with the exhaust pipe or condenser by means
of the pipe M.
The mode of operation is as follows; Suppose the High and Low pressure
Cylinder pistons D¹ and D³ to be at the top of their respective cylinders (as shewn
in the drawing) steam or fluid will pass from the jacket L through the aperture S
above the slide valve piston H' into the High Pressure cylinder A¹ by means of the
passage 11. The medium pressure cylinder A³ (the piston of which is at the bottom
of its stroke) is full of steam or fluid exhausted from the High pressure cylinder A¹
on its previous up stroke, communication now also exists between the Medium A²
and Low pressure cylinder A3 by the passages 1² 1³ and I' between the slide valve
pistons. On the completion of one half revolution the High and Low pressure
pistons D¹ and D³ will be at the bottom of their respective cylinders, the High
pressure cylinder A¹ will be full of live steam or fluid from the jacket L whilst the
Low pressure cylinder A³ will have received the contents of the Medium pressure
cylinder A the piston of which is now at the top of its cylinder or stroke and ready

page_text: to receive the exhaust from the High pressure cylinder by means of the passages I'
1* and I* between the slide valve pistons. The Low pressure cylinder is now
exhausting into the atmosphere or condenser below the bottom side of the slide
valve piston H and exhaust pipe N and the revolution completed-The space 1*
between the slide Valve pistons alternately forms communication between the High
and Medium pressure cylinders and between the. medium and Low Pressure
cylinders When working in connexion with a condenser as a condensing engine,
if the bottoms of the Low and Medium pressure Cylrs were left open as in a non
condensing engine the atmospheric pressure would tend to pull the connecting
rod O from its crank C3, to obviate this we close the bottom end of Low pressure
cylinder with a cover P and provide a piston rod Q with a stuffing box-the under-
side of the low pressure piston D³ is then placed in permanent communication with
the condenser by means of the pipe R. the back pressure existing in the High
pressure Cyl during its up stroke and whilst compressing its contents into the
Medium pressure Cyl keeping the connecting rod O in intimate contact with its
crank pin C3. In like manner the back pressure in medium pressure Cyl during
its up stroke and whilst compressing its contents into the Low pressure Cylr will
perform the same office for its own connecting rod O and Crank Pin C³-In some
cases we also close the lower end of the Medium pressure Cyl by means of the
cover P and provide a piston rod Q¹ with a stuffing box and place it in permanent
communication with the condenser by means of the pipe R¹.
In some cases where a condenser is not available we attach a non return valve
to the pipes R and R' which admits of the Medium and Low pressure pistons
discharging the air contained in their cylinders during the down stroke and creating
a vacuum on the up stroke. When working simply as a non condensing engine
the cover P and P₁ are removed not being required all other details remaining the
same or if preferred the connecting rods may be jointed directly to the lower
pistons.
Figure 3 of the drawing shows the method of carrying out the principle of
Quadruple expansion. In this case we use four Cylinders A¹ being the High
pressure, A² the second pressure, A³ the third pressure, and A' the Low pressure
Cyr the High and 3rd pressure cylinder pistons and the Low and 2nd pressure
pistons are connected by hollow rods or trunks in a similar manner to that
described for the triple expansion engine. The tubular chamber F and the piston
valve H' H2 H3 is also similar to that already described except that the lower edge
of valve piston H³ performs the operation of cutting off the supply of fluid to the
High pressure cylinder. Ports or passages 11 12 13 1 lead from the tubular
chamber F to the ends of each cylinder, all other details of engine are as already
described for the triple expansion engine, the cranks being diametrically opposite
as before.
The mode of operation is as follows; suppose the pistons to be in the position
shown in drawing Figure 3. Steam or fluid will pass from the jacket L through
the aperture S above the slide valve piston H' into the High pressure Cyl A¹ by
means of the passage I, the second pressure Cylinder A2 (the piston D² of which
is at the bottom of its stroke) is full of steam or fluid exhausted from the High
pressure cylinder A¹ on its previous upstroke. Communication now exists between
A² and A3 by means of the passages I' and 13 and 15 between the valve pistons.
The Low pressure cylinder A (the piston D' of which is at the bottom of its stroke,)
is full of steam or fluid exhausted from A³ on its previous upstroke communication
now also exists between the Low pressure cylinder A' and the exhaust pipe or 5
condenser by means of the passage I below the valve piston H' on the completion
of one half revolution the High pressure piston D¹ and the third pressure piston D³
will be at the bottom of their respective cylinders whilst the second and Low
pressure pistons will be at the top of their Cyl. The steam or fluid from jacket L
to high pressure cylinder A¹ has been cut off by Valve piston H3 and communica- 5
tion now exists between high pressure cylinder A' and second pressure cylinder A³
by means of the passages ³ I³ and I between the Valve pistons H' and H³. The

page_text: third pressure cylinder is now full of steam or fluid exhausted from the second
pressure cylinder A² on its previous upstroke and communication now exists
between the third pressure cylinder A³ and the Low pressure cylinder A* by means
of the passage 13 I and I between the valve pistons, the Low pressure Cyl is shut
off from the exhaust pipe or condenser by the valvo piston H2 and the revolution
completed. The space I between the Valve pistons H & H³ alternately forins
communication between the jacket L and High pressure Cylinder A¹ and between
High pressure Cylinder A¹ and second pressure cylinder A2. The space I' between
the Valve pistons alternately forms communication between the second pressure
cylinder A and third pressure cylinder A³ and between third pressure cylinder A³
and Low pressure cylinder A*.
When working in connexion with a condenser as a condensing engine we apply
covers P and P and piston rods Q and Q¹ with stuffing boxes to the third pressure
and Low pressure cylinders and maintain a permanent vacuum under their pistons
or we apply non return valves to the pipes R and R' exactly the same and for the
same purpose as hereinbefore described in connexion with the triple expansion
engine. When working simply as a non condensing engine the covers P and P¹
may be removed and the connecting rods may be jointed directly to the lower
pistons as hereinbefore described.
°
The principal features of this invention are that by using or more cylinders
and the addition of a steam or other fluid jacket; high pressure may be used with
a considerable range of expansion to secure economy. By the use of 3 or more
cylinders exhausting into each successively any leakage may be effectually trapped,
and also entails a lesser range of temperature in each cylinder. By placing the
crank opposite each other the revolving parts are perfectly balanced ensuring a
steady engine at high speeds, attaching the high or higher pressure pistons to the
low or lower pressure pistons ensures a constant downward pressure thus preventing
knocking or back lash.
Having now stated the nature of our Invention and in what manner the same
may be carried out we declare that what we claim in respect to single-acting Triple
and Quadruple expansion engines is
1st Placing the high or higher pressure cylinders above the Low or lower pressure
cylinders and attaching their pistons substantially as shewn and for the purpose
described.
2nd Maintaining a constant vacuum under the pistons either by connexion with
a condenser or by non return valves as herein described.
3rd Controlling the admission and exhaustion to and from the whole of the
cylinders by one valve as herein shown and described.
DL: Wh of T1000
THOMAS C. HIDE.
WALTER WARDROP.