matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLESTICKS, CANDLE AND LAMP HOLDERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Hennequin and Karr
Callard at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th June
1880.
"
EDMUND HENNEQUIN and KARR CALLARD, both of Haverstock Hill, in the
County of Middlesex. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLESTICKS, CANDLE AND LAMP
HOLDERS."
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of candlesticks, candle
and lamp holders, designed principally for the use of hotels or other large establish-
ments, where a number of chamber candles or lamps are required for the daily use
of the occupiers of the separate apartments of such establishments.
It is desirable to ascertain in many cases whether the particular occupier or
occupiers of any apartment or apartments has retired for the night, and in order to
do this, according to our Invention, each candlestick, candle or lamp holder, is made
or designed so as to represent the number corresponding with the number of the
room, chamber, or apartment of the occupier, so that when any particular candlestick
or lamp holder is taken away from the series, it is at once evident that the occupier
of that particular chamber or apartment has retired.
It is also advantageous to the occupier of any particular apartment or apartments
to know that he is using his own candle or lamp, which thus serves as a check on
the consumption and cost of the same.
The design of each candlestick, candle or lamp holder, may be considerably varied
without departing from the nature of our Invention, and they may be made of
earthen ware, metal, or other material. Each number may constitute the stem or
base of the candlestick or lamp, or it may otherwise form a permanent part
thereof.
The novelty of our Invention consists in the construction of candlesticks, candle
or lamp holders, each representing a permanent numeral of a consecutive series of
numbers for the use of hotels or other establishments.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO THE PROPULSION OF CARRIAGES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Joseph Edwards at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th September 1880.
WILLIAM JOSEPH EDWARDS, of Llandow, in the County of Glamorgan,
Clerk in Holy Orders. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO THE PROPULSION OF
CARRIAGES."
My Invention relates to an improved method of effecting the propulsion of
carriages of every description by means of compressed air, an important feature of
my Invention consisting in the provision of means whereby the air employed for
obtaining the power is caused to circulate, so that the same air is used continuously
with only such additional supply as is necessary to compensate for losses from
leakage or other causes.
In carrying out my Invention I fix upon the carriage (say, for example, at one
end thereof) a reservoir of compressed air, from which reservoir I admit supplies of
compressed air by means of valves to an engine cylinder at regular intervals, as
required, so that such air is caused to act upon and impart motion to the piston of
the cylinder, and thus operate the propelling apparatus in the well known manner.
From the cylinder the exhaust air escapes through suitable regulated valves into
a waste air reservoir, whence it passes through other valves into side chambers
which having air tight compressible sides. To the outer side of these side chambers
I apply hydraulic pressure, obtained (for example) by means of a head of water on
the carriage, or any equivalent pressure, whereby the air is forced back into the air
reservoir through suitable valves, thus supplying the place of the air which is being
continually expended, and so on in succession during the operation of the apparatus.
AN ACCUMULATOR' PUMP
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Liddell Anderson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th May 1880.
JOSEPH LIDDELL ANDERSON, of Mallinson Road, Wandsworth Common, in the
County of Surrey, Mechanical Engineer. "AN ACCUMULATOR' PUMP."
The object of this Invention is so to construct a machine that shall combine the
advantages possessed by what is known as pumps and accumulator, used for
working or driving machines worked by fluid pressure.
The "accumulator" pump should be constructed as follows:-
A cylinder in which works a ram or piston which carries a crosshead, to which
is slung weights or loaded case, so as to give the required pressure upon the ram or
piston.
The crosshead is attached by means of a chain which is wound round a suitable
drum loose upon a revolving shaft, and upon the said shaft is placed a sliding clutch,
which, when thrown into gear with the loose drum, so fixes it that the latter begins
to revolve, and by so doing raises the weights, crosshead, and ram until it reaches
the top of its stroke.
At the foot of the cylinder is placed suction and delivery valves, so that as the
ram or piston goes up it draws in water or other fluid from a tank, and upon
reaching the limit of its stroke, by means of suitable tappets the clutch is thrown
out, and the whole weight is left resting upon the top of the water until such time
as a demand is made upon it from any machine it may have to supply. When the
whole of the fluid under pressure shall have been consumed, tappets are provided
for again putting the clutch into gear with the drum, and so refill the cylinder with
water.
But should the demand made upon the cylinder's contents not be enough to bring
the last mentioned tappet into work, then the clutch itself is so constructed that
it comes into gear at any portion of the stroke, and again raises the ram or
piston until thrown out.
The above apparatus may be worked with either fluid or air.
IMPROVEMENTS IN METHODS OF OBTAINING THE CRYSTALLIZATION OF CARBON
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl von Buch at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th February 1880.
CARL VON BUCH, of Christ Church, Oxford, Fellow of the Chemical Society.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN METHODS OF OBTAINING THE CRYSTALLIZATION OF CARBON."
I base my Invention on the property of gases under high pressure of dissolving
solids, and apply it in this instance to the solution of carbon in a cheap com-
mercial form in carbon di-oxide gas, and its deposition in the crystalline state
when the pressure is diminished or electrical disruption applied.
To effect this I take a stout hollow glass or similar vessel capable of withstanding
an excessive pressure and closed to the air. In this place the carbon in a fine
state of division, and then the vessel being exhausted introduce carbon dioxide
gas, compressing it by means of a powerful force-pump of small area, and
increasing the compression by the use of mercury forced through the same pump.
I may, however, introduce the liquid carbon dioxide obtained by any of the
ordinary methods into the vessel, and evaporate by the application of heat which
serves to maintain the desired temperature and pressure.
When the solution of the carbon is complete the pressure is diminished, or an
electrical discharge is passed through the gas by means of electrodes fixed in the
vessel; this causes the carbon to be re-deposited in the crystalline form.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Job at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th December 1880.
WILLIAM JOB, of Torquay, in the County of Devon.
SHOES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE
According to my Invention I make the underside of the shoe with a groove
therein from end to end thereof, the groove extending preferably about half the
width of the underside of the shoe, the inner side of the under surface being
bevilled gradually down to the edge, thereby economizing metal.
There are spaces formed on the surfaces of the edges of the grooves at intervals
by forming curved notches therein, preferably of an open U shape, whereby the
raised parts or ridges are as it were rendered intermittent and not continuous.
Shoes made according to my Invention can be made out of bars of metal rolled
or otherwise formed for the purpose, and then cut to the required length to form
the desired size shoe, or they may be made of malleable cast iron or of steel struck
in a mould or otherwise, and by machinery or hand.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH SWITCHES AND CROSSINGS FOR RAILWAYS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Francis Reynolds at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th June 1880.
WILLIAM FRANCIS REYNOLDS, of No. 40, Fleet Street, in the City of London,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH SWITCHES AND CROSSINGS
FOR RAILWAYS."
According to the first part of my Invention I arrange the switch rails that the
inner portions near where the actual curve takes place are of a height sufficient to
permit the flanges of the carriage wheels passing over the main rails, and I lengthen
the free ends of the switch rails to any desired distance where they lodge upon the
main rails that the wheels of a carriage may ride up them to escape the main rails.
The switch rails are jointed in the usual manner, but instead of both of them
being on the inner side of the main rails, I arrange one only on the inside and one
upon the outside. The inain line rails for the purposes of my Invention are not cut
or formed with V points as is usual.
The object of the second part of my Invention is arranging the inner rail of a
crossing that one end shall be depressed by a passing carriage, and the depression
of said rail to draw the outer rail of the crossing towards the inner one, as to make
the inner and the outer rail like a continuous rail, the connection between the
inner and the outer crossing portions of the way being by chain and wheel or by a
link action.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES WITH INDIA- RUBBER OR OTHER LIKE SOLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles King at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th May 1880.
CHARLES KING, of Shepherd's Bush, in the County of Middlesex, Bootmaker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES WITH INDIA-
RUBBER OR OTHER LIKE SOLES."
My Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of boots and shoes
with india-rubber or other like soles, and has for object to protect and give strength
to the edges of india-rubber or other like soles of boots and shoes, and to improve
the wear; also to prevent the edges becoming detached, and further to enable
greater neatness and improved appearance to be obtained.
In carrying my Invention into effect the boot or shoe is first lasted, and has the
welt sewn in in the usual way, and the india-rubber after being cut to the shape
required is affixed to a leather "middle" sole by solution, or by other suitable
means; the edge of the india-rubber sole is then chamfered or bevilled for an even
width around its edge, and a strip of leather suitably skived and prepared is laid
around in the prepared channel of the india-rubber sole, and is affixed thereto by
solution, or by nails, pegs, rivets, or other suitable means.
The sole thus prepared is attached to the upper leathers in the usual way by
stitching, pegging, or screwing, or by other suitable means through the welt and
the strip of leather surrounding the india-rubber or other like sole.
By means of my Invention I am enabled to use greasy materials for the upper
leathers, without decomposing the solution attaching the india-rubber or other like
soles to the leather ones.
In another arrangement or modification the india-rubber or other like sole may
be secured to the "insole" direct without the intervention of another sole, and
finished off in other respects as first described.
The sole thus prepared (i.c., india-rubber or the like and the leather) may also
be attached to the "upper" by a suitable boot sewing machine.
AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR IRONING AND SMOOTHING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Atherton Bernard Furlong at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd July 1880.
ATHERTON BERNARD FURLONG, of Paddington, in the County of Middlesox.
"AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR IRONING AND SMOOTHING."
On a frame-work of wood or other suitable material of any required height,
(and to which may be attached suitable bosom-boards or leaves), and having
underneath the top table guides upon which the apparatus hereinafter described
travels, a slot runs through the entire length; or four grooved pulleys working
horizontally on iron shafts on the top of said frame-work may be used instead
of said guides. Upon these guides or iron shaft, as the case may be, four
wheels travel, and upon these wheels a tubular shaft is vertically mounted, through
which a spindle, having a free circular motion, operates. At either end of this
spindle a grooved wheel is mounted, the lower wheel being in connexion with
two smaller ones, thereby enabling the apparatus hereinafter described to travel
forward and backward in the slot, or on the iron shafts as aforesaid, when acted
upon in the following manner:-Two grooved wheels parallel to each other are
fixed at one end of the frame work. Underneath the slot and over these wheels
an endless band of leather or other suitable material carried over the aforesaid
wheel at the bottom of the spindle, and two smaller wheels which are so placed
as to tighten the band on the large wheel, or to cause said wheel to receive a larger
neasure of the band than it otherwise would do, travel to a grooved wheel fixed
underneath the other end of the slot, thereby imparting the motive force. Upon the
tubular shaft is mounted an arm of auy required length, through one end of which
arun a vertical spindle passes. At the top of the spindle is a grooved wheel,
around which an endless band of leather or other suitable material works, and
also passes round the wheel fixed at the upper end of the aforesaid shaft. At the
lower end of the vertical spindle, the smoothing iron (which may be of any
convenient shape) is fixed; the iron is depressed so as to pass evenly over the
article to which it is to be applied by the operation of any suitable contrivance,
such for instance as a lever handle with a spring. The motion of the iron when
in use is rotatory, that of the arm is semi-circular. My Invention may be propelled
by any suitable motive power.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING PAPER AND OTHER MATERIALS FOR PRODUCING THEREON A MOTTLED EFFECT, OR COLOURING THE SAME
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Annandale at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th March 1880.
ALEXANDER ANNANDALE, of Beltonford Paper Works, Dunbar, in the County
of Haddington, North Britain. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING PAPER AND OTHER
MATERIALS FOR PRODUCING THEREON A MOTTLED EFFECT, OR COLOURING THE
SAME."
+
The said Invention consists in treating paper or other materials for producing
thereon a mottled effect, or colouring the same, by means of spray producers or
vapourizers, in which liquid colouring matter is transformed into spray or vapour.
The spray producers are arranged in convenient proximity to the paper or other
material to cause the spray of colouring matter to come into contact therewith,
and produce the mottled or coloured effect.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL CAKES AND COMPOSITION CAKES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Cyrus Eskrett and William Henry Searle, both of
the Town and County of Kingston-upon-Hull, Wood Turners and Oil Press
Envelope Manufacturers, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL CAKES AND
COMPOSITION CAKES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by the said Cyrus Eskrett and William
Henry Scarle at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd April
1880.
CYRUS ESKRETT and WILLIAM HENRY SEARLE, both of the Town and County
of Kingston-upon-Hull, Wood Turners and Oil Press Envelope Manufacturers.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF OIL CAKES AND COMPOSITION CAKES."
This Invention relates to an improved construction and arrangement of
machinery to be employed for consolidating the seed or composition when measured,
and previous to placing same and wrapper or envelope in the bydraulic or finishing
press.
According to this our said Invention we construct machinery for the purpose
aforesaid, comprising a bed plate or platform for receipt of the seed or composition
and its wrapper or envelope, over or above which is a press plate connected by
adjustable rods with cranks or cams on a main shaft, the latter being operated by
counter shafts and gear, and having a clutch box acted on by levers, so as to throw
the driving wheel on the crank shaft out of gear after pressing, or, whenever
desirable, to arrest the motion of the upper or pressing plate. Such construction
of machine requires no special foundation, as the nipping or squeezing action of the
presser plate and bed plate or platform tend to equalize the strain.

page_text: or driving the machine, as such may be varied in many ways; what we do
claim is,―
Firstly. The construction of machines for purpose aforesaid, having bed plate A and
moving press plate C combined, and as described.
Secondly. The construction of machines for purpose aforesaid, having bed
plate A, moving press plate C, and cross head E combined, and as illustrated and
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Cyrus Askrett, for and on behalf of myself
and the said William Henry Searle, have hereunto set my hand and seal,
this Thirtieth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
-
Witness,
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Blackburn.
CYRUS ESKRETT. (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL CANS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Heselwood and Henry
Webster at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd February
1880.
JAMES HESELWOOD, of Infirmary Street, Leeds, in the County of York, Leather
Belt Manufacturer, and HENRY WEBSTER, Oil Can Manufacturer, of the same
Place. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL CANS."
The object of this Invention is to prevent waste of oil when using the oil can.
We accomplish our object in the following manner:-At the base of the spout we
construct a double valve, the spindle of which is horizontal, that is, parallel to the
base of the can. From the second valve it is bent upwards and towards the back
of the can, where the spindle is again almost horizontal; then turned at right angles
to the base of the can, and made to pass through a bushed aperture, and terminates
in a button on the top of the can for the thumb, close to the handle. This bent
spindle is held in its proper position by means of a spring attached to a cross bar
in the can acting upon the spindle in the bent portion, just before it is turned at
right angles to pass fout of the cover or top, as before described. Of the double
valves, one is placed in the spout, and the other in the can; the former is closed
when the action of the spring is natural; the other, or valve in the can, is closed
when the button is pressed down with the thumb. When pressed only half-way a
free access is open for the oil to pass in any required quantities, so that the quantity
of oil used is determined by the operator.
The inlet for the oil into the can is arranged with a short pipe slightly conical
that is secured on the top or cover; into this conical pipe is fitted a hollow stopper
cut in such a manner that when inserted into the said pipe the circumference of
the stopper will spring and adjust itself to the pipe, and thus prevent the oil
wasting.
AN IMPROVED EGG BEATER, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR WHIPPING CREAM AND SEMI-LIQUID SUBSTANCES GENERALLY
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Arthur Grobert at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th September 1880.
FREDERICK ARTHUR GROBERT, of 26, St. George Street, Peckham, in the County
of Surrey. "AN IMPROVED EGG BEATER, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR WHIPPING
CREAM AND SEMI-LIQUID SUBSTANCES GENERALLY."
This Invention relates to a special arrangement of apparatus by or within which
eggs, cream, sponge cake, batter, and other semi-liquid substances can be beaton or
whipped.
The Invention consists of a glass or stone ware barrel or vessel, closed at its
lower end, the upper end being fitted with a removeable cover, through which
cover a stem of a three disc beater or crusher is passed, the upper end of the stem
being formed into a handle by which the beater can be moved up and down, that
the three discs may operate upon the eggs or other substance with which the glass
or stone ware vessel is supplied. The three discs are perforated and so arranged
that the perforations of one disc are not opposite the perforations of its neighbouring
disc to ensure a complete and quick breaking up of the particles of the ingredients
or substances.
The three discs are fitted to the lower end of the stem and at a distance apart,
and they are slightly dished at the underside to pocket the substance towards the
centre that every portion of the substance is acted upon.
The stem is guided by a short tube at the centre of the cover, whose upper
surface is sunken or dished in order that any of the substance which may be lifted
through the tube may flow back into the vessel.
APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING WATER TO WATER CLOSETS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry William Pearson and James
Henry Howell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th
October 1880.
HENRY WILLIAM PEARSON, of No. 17, Alexandra Road, Clifton, in the City and
County of Bristol, Civil Engineer, and JAMES HENRY HOWELL, of Avon View,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
Portishead, in the County of Somerset, Brass Founder.
APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING WATER TO WATER CLOSETS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for supplying water
to water closets.
We arrange apparatus for supplying water to water closets in such manner that
after the flushing valve has been used and allowed to close, so that no more water
will pass it until the valve is again actuated, water is allowed by an auxilliary
apparatus, consisting of a cylinder and piston, to pass to the pan of the closet, and
the quantity is regulated by the piston automatically descending. Thus the pan of
the closet is sealed, which would not be the case were the flushing valve worked
without this appliance.
Our trapping arrangement consists of a cylinder and piston contained, together
The
with the flushing valve, in the service box from which the water is drawn.
rod of the piston is actuated by an arm attached to the spindle of flushing valve.
When the flushing valve is raised it raises the piston with it, and keeps it in this
position as long as the flushing valve is held up.
When the flushing valve is released and falls the piston of the trapping arrange-
ment gradually and slowly descends, by reason of having to displace from beneath
it the water in the cylinder through a small passage or aperture.
During the descent of the piston the water continues to run into the cylinder
by a small hole near the bottom; it passes out of the cylinder again by a small
upright tube and flows down the pipe to seal or trap the pan. When the piston
has descended low enough the end of a spindle or rod attached to the piston seats
itself on the mouth of the small tube within the cylinder, and thus stops the supply
for trapping until the flushing valve is again actuated, when the action is repeated.
The advantages of this trapping arrangement are,-
1st. That it is fixed within the service box and cannot be tampered with.
2nd. It is automatic in its action.
3rd. It will not, on account of its being self closing, allow the water to con-
tinually waste, which is the case in most other trapping arrangements, either through
the valves of the flushing apparatus getting out of order or being trigged up, or
through the service box being tampered with.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Enoch Hird at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 30th June 1880.
•
ENOCH HIRD, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Doubler.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND
DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
My improvements consist in a combination of well-known parts of spindles, in
which the upper and lower bearings for the spindle are placed in a stationary tube.
or bolster, the chamber between the two bearings forming a reservoir for oil
(generally used in ring frames for spinning and doubling) with a flyer attached to
the top similar to what is generally used in spindle and flyer frames, and an
improved mode of constructing the bearing in the sleeve on the spindle, whereby.
the greatest speed can be obtained without vibration.
In order to accomplish this object I fix a stationary tube or bolster in the
footstep rail, at the top of which is fixed a bush of suitable material to act as a
bearer to the spindle, the bottom of the tube being prepared to receive the bottom
end of vertical spindle and forms the footstep. I also fix on the outside of this
stationary tube, at the bottom, another bush of suitable metal to act as a bearing or
I then put a spindle
bolster for the bottom side of sleeve and wharve to run on.
with a sleeve or long bush on the top below the flyer, inside the vertical stationary
tube. The inside of the sleeve or long bush is considerably larger in diameter than
the spindle and drops over the outside of the vertical stationary tube when the
spindle is inside. On the bottom of the sleeve, or on the spindle, I fix a wharve or
pulley by which the spindle and sleeve are driven from the tin cylinder by means
of bands or other equivalents. The bobbins are placed over and on the sleeve, but
are not fixed to and do not rotate with, as in spindles used in ring frames, but left
to rotate with the action of the yarn or thread, as in spindle and flyer frames,
and are supported on a travelling rail provided for the purpose, which receives its
up and down motion in the ordinary way, the drag being formed by bands round
the bottom.flange of the bobbins or drag cloth on the lifting rail.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN BRAID MACHINES."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Frederick James at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th February 1880.
$8
GEORGE FREDERICK JAMES, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster. IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BRAID MACHINES."
The object of this Invention is so to improve a braid machine as to render the
same capable of making a braid with a stripe or other pattern of two or more
different colors, and which is effected by the application to the purpose of an
improved arrangement of change motion by means of which the spindles carrying
the various threads are caused instead of travelling completely round the machine
as heretofore to follow a definite course on each side of the machine, and so as to
braid the different colored threads together in the desired order to produce the
requisite pattern, and so as to repeat the same pattern continuously.
In performing my Invention I employ plates or roses with the required number
of divisions for carrying the spindles, say either three, six, eight, or other number,
according as to whether I require to make flat or tubular braid (both of which are
practicable in accordance with my Invention), and I cause the spindles to work
round in two or more cycles according as to whether two or more stripes or other
patterns are required in the braid. I control the working of the spindles through
the roses in the required order by elongating one of the arms of the governor, and
applying a spring or cam to the same, and by dispensing with one of the other arms
of such governor, so that as one spindle is passing from one rose or plate to the other
past the governor, two spindles are allowed to pass in the adjoining rose or plate, one
carrying one color of thread and one another, and when this is accomplished the
spring or cam being released causes the governor to turn partially upon its axis, so
as to allow the same operation to be repeated.
I further apply an additional rose or plate on either side of the machine, so as to
produce a fringe or fancy edging on each side of the braid, and I control the
passing of the spindles into the same by the application of a jacquard motion to
the purpose of operating the controlling governor, which in this case is provided
with an arm jointed to a slide. The extremity of this slide works in close contact
with a wheel carrying a jacquard chain or its equivalent with the requisite pro-
jections, so as to keep the governor arm open so long as spindles are required to
pass through to form the desired edging, but to close the same when not so needed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HARVESTING MACHINES."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William George Manwaring. at tho
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th November 1880.
WILLIAM GEORGE MANWARING, of Banbury, in the County of Oxford, Engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HARVESTING MACHINES."
The object of my Invention is to enable the sheaves to be tied with a knotted
cord instead of with a twisted wire, in machines otherwise constructed generally
according to the Specification to Letters Patent granted to Bernhard Samuelson,
dated the 6th February 1880, No. 530, that is to say, machines in which the sheaf
is dropped on the ground, after being tied, between the platform and the travelling
wheel.
In carrying out my Invention, the string is held in the first instanco by a
nipping apparatus at one end, and a reel at the other, and the grain is forced
against it by the progress of the apron or chair platform, thus forming a bow; a
needle then descends, carrying a sufficient quantity of string off the reel, and brings
the string to the nipping apparatus previously mentioned. Both the end of the
string before mentioned and the string so carried down are then laid hold of by a
knotter, and after the knot has been formed the string is severed by a cutter,
consisting, by preference, of a vertical knife combined with a jaw forming part of
the nipping apparatus.
The needlo is carried in a vibrating arm, the path of which is produced by a
crank pin moving in the slotted end of the said arm furthest from the needle; the
shaft carrying the crank pin is placed on the frame which contains the driving
wheel.
The sheaf whilst being tied is supported on the side opposite to the string by
one or more cradles. The same shaft also, by preference, carries the requisite cams
or their equivalents for giving motion to a kicker, which embraces the sheaf and
discharges it after it is bound. The apparatus for tying the sheaf contains a
knotting arrangement, which partially resembles that described in the Specification
to Letters Patent granted to Thomas Robert Hay Fisken, dated the 13th November
1877, No. 4242, that is to say, in so far as the cord for the purpose of forming the-
knot is held between jaws formed respectively on an internal and external shaft,
of which the former passes through the latter and has a longitudinal movement
within the same, both shafts having a rotating movement in common.
This
apparatus also contains a trigger, similar to that described in the last mentioned
9

page_text: Specification, for the purpose of disengaging the loop from the knotter shaft during
the progress of the formation of the knot. The knotter shaft lies under a
continuation of a carrier platform placed like that employed in the arrangement
described in the Specification to Letters Patent granted to Bernhard Samuelson, as
aforesaid, dated the 6th February 1880, Number 530, and receives its various
movements by arms placed severally at the back of and under the carrier
platform or its continuation; all the movements of the binding and delivery
apparatus are derived in any convenient way from the main carrying wheel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING AND PRESERVING MUSSELS AND COCKLES FOR BAIT FOR DEEP SEA LINE FISHING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charlos William Harding at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th September 1880.
CHARLES WILLLIAM HARDING, of King's Lynn, Norfolk. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PREPARING AND PRESERVING MUSSELS AND COCKLES FOR BAIT FOR DEEP SEA
LINE FISHING."
This Invention of Improvements in preparing and preserving mussels and cockles
for bait for deep sea line fishing relates to a means of preserving and preparing
cockles and mussels that they may be kept fit for bait for several weeks. In the
ordinary use of mussels and cockles for bait retained in their shells they are seldom
fit for uso after a few days in warm weather, or in cold weather perhaps a
fortnight, and, if subject to frost, they are at once killed and rapidly decompose
when thawed.
The object of my Invention is to proserve them in a fit state for bait. With this
object I take the freshly gathered mussels and cockles and steam or boil them in
suitable vessels for about five minutes. Care must be taken not to carry the cooking
too far or the mollusks become hard and leathery and unfit for bait; they are now
taken out of the shells and placed in the brine solution, which may be one of salt
and water and a small proportion of salicylic acid, but any ordinary moderately
strong solution of pickling brine of salt and water will be suitable; they are now
at once packed in the brine in suitable tight kegs or tin cans; in the latter case
the tin cans are at once soldered up, and the bait shipped to its destination.
AN IMPROVED DIVIDING OR SEPARATING APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO CESSPOOLS OR RECIPIENTS OF FECAL MATTERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Julien Lesueur at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th May 1880.
JULIEN LESUEUR, of No. 116, Avenue du Maine, of Paris, in France, Locksmith.
"AN IMPROVED DIVIDING OR SEPARATING APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO CESSPOOLS
OR RECIPIENTS OF FECAL MATTERS."
The object of my improved apparatus applicable to cesspools and other
recipients of fecal matters is the complete separation of the liquid from the solid
matters.
Both the solid and the liquid matters as they leave the pan are received
in a perforated cylinder closed at bottom by a moveable or pivoting perforated
plate.
The liquid matters escaping by the holes in the cylinder are received by the box
or seat in which the cylinder is placed, the lower part of which is also provided
with openings which permit these liquid matters to flow to a branch of an elbow
pipe.
The liquid matters also escape by openings in the bottom closing plate on
to an inclined part of a counterweighted plate or lever which directs them to the
aforesaid pipe.
The arrangement of the apparatus is such that neither paper, detritus, or other
extraneous matter, can obstruct the holes or openings, for the simple reason that
the liquid has a whirling motion, which continually displaces any obstructive
matters.
When the decantation of the liquid has taken place, and the solid matters have
acquired a weight superior to that of the counter weight of the pivoting closing
plate, this latter will turn upon its axle or spindles to such a position that the solid
matters will slide along it into a branch pipe, to go from thence to the cesspool or
any suitable receiver.
The complete separation of the liquids from the solids obtained by my apparatus
permits the solid matter alone to be collected, whereby a considerable profit is
obtained over ordinary methods.
The main features of novelty of my Invention are,—
The application of a bottomless cylinder open or perforated on all sides, introduced
into a box or seat, and having a moveable or pivoting bottom closing plate, also
with openings or perforations.
The openings or perforations may be of any shape, circular or elliptical, or like a
grating or wire work.
BREECH-LOADING RIFLES AND FOWLING PIECES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Lang at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th April 1880.
JAMES LANG, Gunmaker, of 22, Cockspur St., Pall Mall.
IN BREECH-LOADING RIFLES AND FOWLING PIECES."
"IMPROVEMENTS
This Invention has for its object improvements in breech-loading rifles and fowling
pieces. It relates to an improvement on a Patent for a lock action known as
Edwin Hughes', dated 9th April, 1875, No. 1290.
I make a gun with inside hammers to open lightly for the purpose of loading,
and construct a gun with any shape lever to actuate the lock-work mechanism and
to withdraw the bolt that secures the barrel. The hand-lever works upon a separate
axis to that of the tumblors, and imparts motion to a cocking-lever moving on an
axis. Preferably I force the cocking-lever into action by means of a swivel con-
necting it to the hand-lever, but other mechanical devices may be employed, such
as a projecting piece attached to the hand-lever, by which the cocking-lever may be
forced into action, or the cocking-lever itself may be dispensed with and the swivel
connected direct from the hand-lever to the tumbler. In either of these arrange-
ments the hammers need not be separated, but may be formed in one piece with
the tumblers.
The cocking-lever may be attached to the bolt which locks the barrels, and
movement imparted to it will cause it to advance or withdraw this bolt.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HOSE AND HALF HOSE OR SOCKS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William James Ford at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st July 1880.
WILLIAM JAMES FORD, of Friars Causeway, Loicester, in the County of
Leicester. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HOSE AND HALF HOSE
OR SOCKS,"
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of hose and
half hose or socks.
In the manufacture according to this Invention of hose and half hose (especially
the latter) a seamless leg piece is first produced upon a circular frame of a suitable
size to make the leg piece. This leg piece having been completed as far as the
instep, is removed from the needles and is taken to another circular frame of
smaller size, suitable to produce a seamless foot. In placing the work upon the
second circular machine, the loops of the instep part only of the leg piece are run
upon the needles, so that on the completion of the seamless foot the work consists
of two seamless tubes of different diameters, connected in front or at the instep,
but separated behind or where the heel is to be worked. The heck is afterwards
produced in a separate frame, the loops remaining at the bottom of the leg piece
being run on to the needles of this frame. Toe picces are also, in like manner,
worked upon the end of the seamless foot, and these are joined up to close in the
foot.
In this manner well fitting half hose can be made with seamless leg and foot,
which is not possible when the leg piece and the seamless foot are made upon the
same circle of needles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES CONTAINING AERATED LIQUIDS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Rettie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th August 1880.
JAMES RETTIE, of Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES CONTAINING AERATED LIQUIDS."
This Invention relates to improvements in stoppers for bottles containing aërated
liquids.
According to my Invention I employ a stopper (made of wood or other suitable
material) the lower part of which is decreased in diameter and tapered to enter
the mouth of the bottle, and this part has surrounding it a recess to hold an elastic
ring, and is of such a size that when put into the mouth of the bottle and pressed
in, the said ring will jam well against the interior of the mouth and make a good
gas-tight joint. Surrounding the top of the stopper is an annular ledge for use as
follows:- A simple clamp made of wire or other material is secured to the neck of
the bottle in such a way as to work on a hinge. This I accomplish in a simple
manner by a wire twisted round the neck of the bottle under the ledge formed by
the ordinary enlarged part of the neck. The clamp is of such length from the
hinge that when the stopper is pressed well into the mouth the clamp can be
forced onto the said annular ledge, and being curved so as to surround half the
stopper is subjected by the internal pressure only to a straight pull from the
hinge, and the stopper is thus held firmly against any ordinary internal pressure
of gas. Another feature in my Invention is that the interior of the stopper is
formed with a cylindrical hole running through it, the upper end thereof being
surrounded with an annular ridge formed within the stopper, and the lower end
being a little widened to form the seating for a valve. The valve is formed of
some suitable elastic material, and is held in position by a thin or wire spindle
traversing the cylindrical hole, and having a cross head resting at its ends on the
said internal annular ridge. When thus hanging the valve at the inner end of the
spindle falls a short distance away from its seating. It is through this cylindrical
hole the bottle is filled, and when filled the pressure of the gas raises the valve and
keeps it tight against its seating. When thus raised the crosshead of the valve
spindle is still below the upper surface of the stopper, and thus cannot be
accidentally forced in. To open the bottle to remove the contents the said clamp
may be easily pushed off sideways from the stopper, when the whole stopper is
Dis 971

page_text: instantaneously forced out, thus leaving the mouth of the bottle quite free. This
is a great advantage also for the cleaning of the bottle. The stopper is attached
by a short chain to the wire twisted round the neck of the bottle. If desired,
when the bottle is to be opened, the cross head of the spindle of the interior valve
may be pressed in, thus opening this valve, and allowing the pressure of gas to be 5
eased before the whole stopper is removed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR INCREASING THE LIGHT FROM GAS BURNERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Haworth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th August 1880.
JAMES HAWORTH, of Blackburn, in the County Lancaster, Furniture Broker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR INCREASING THE LIGHT FROM GAS
BURNERS."
My Invention relates to an improved apparatus for increasing the light from gas
burners by splitting it into two parts, by which means a double light is obtained
from the same amount of gas.
My improved apparatus consists of a small blade attached to a ring or other
support, by which it may be fixed on or near the gas burner in such a manner that
the blade, which may be of any suitable metal or material, crosses the burner at
right angles just above the aperture or opening by which the gas issues from
the burner, so that when the gas is lit the blade divides the flame into two
parts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1880

page_text: $
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Thomas Mortimer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd January 1880.
HENRY THOMAS MORTIMER, of 323, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex.
'IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES."
The chief object of my Invention is to utilize the hands and arms as well as the
feet and legs in the propulsion of velocipedes, but particularly of bicycles, and the
application is as follows:-I take, say, an ordinary bicycle, and to the crank or
pedal pins, generally at the outside end, I joint suitable rods, which may be made
of any suitable material or shape, but are preferably constructed of steel or iron
tube, or of a T shaped section. These rods are carried upwards to or past the
handle bar, to which they are so jointed that they can slide up and down, and
swivel or turn at the same time, and so accommodate themselves to the motion of
the cranks. The tops of these rods terminate in suitable handles or knobs, and by
pressing or pulling these additional power may be given to the cranks; being
connected only to the cranks and handle bar they turn with the fork, so that
the steering may be effected in the ordinary manner.
In applying my Invention to tricycles and other similar velocipedes the lower
end of the rods would be jointed to the crank pins or ends of the pedal levers,
according to circumstances, but the general principle would be the same.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE PIRNS OR SKEWERS USED FOR HOLDING THE BOBBINS OF SHUTTLES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE SPINDLES OF WINDING, ROVING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING FRAMES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur William Lovell Reddie at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th December 1880.
A communication from abroad by Jules Constant Zeller, of Paris, in the
Republic of France.
ARTHUR WILLIAM LOVELL REDDIE, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF THE PIRNS OR SKEWERS USED FOR HOLDING THE BOBBINS OF SHUTTLES,
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE SPINDLES OF WINDING,
ROVING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING FRAMES." [A communication from abroad by
Jules Constant Zeller, of Paris, in the Republic of France.]
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of pirns or skewers
employed in weaving or spinning to carry the bobbins, which are placed in the
shuttles or on the winders. The pirns in general use consist of a metal shank
of conical form provided with a bead which serves to keep it in its place, and
a flattened part or groove, upon which are one or more lengths of curved spring
soldered to or united with the point, and playing freely towards the head of the
pirn or skewer.. This spring is intended to maintain the bobbin in place upon the
pirn, but it ill discharges this function, especially when it is applied to a shuttle
whose sudden and rapid motion tends to jerk the bobbin from off the pirn.
The bent spring or springs act in fact only at their most prominent parts, the
neighbouring parts not acting at all, or barely so. Moreover, to introduce the
bobbin, the workman is obliged to make a considerable effort, and the springs break
or lose their elasticity very easily.
By the improved construction of pirns all these inconveniences are obviated.
This improved construction consists in replacing the springs above described by one
or more projecting spirals, which are wound around the tapering shank of the pirn
or skewer, and which facilitate the placing of the bobbin on the pirn, at the same
time serving to retain it firmly in place during the throw of the shuttle or winder.
Great stability of the bobbin is thereby attained, and less force is needed by the
attendant. There is consequently economy in the use of these pirns owing to the
waste being less.
It will be understood that the dimensions of the shank of the pirn, the pitch and
amount of projection of the spiral rib, the form and number of the threads, and
the materials employed in constructing such improved pirns may vary considerably.

page_text: Moreover the spiral rib or ribs may be shaped out of the metal of which the
pirn shank is formed, or be applied thereto and brazed thereon, or fixed in any
convenient manner.
It will also be understood that these improved pirns are equally adapted to carry
the bobbins or reels used in spinning, winding, or other similar machinery.