IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING TERRY FABRICS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Toye, of Gloucester Street, Queen Square,
Bloomsbury, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanic, for the Invention
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING TERRY FABRICS."
Scaled the 27th May 1856, and dated the 3rd January 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Toye at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
January 1856.
I, CHARLES TOTE, of Gloucester Street, Queen Square, Bloomsbury, in
5 the County of Middlesex, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING TERRY FABRICS, to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists of a mode of weaving two terry fabrics at the
same time in the same loom, the terries of each fabric being formed at the
same time and over the same wire or wires.
For this purpose I harness a loom, such as commonly used in weaving plain
terry fabrics, or any other convenient loom, for the purpose of receiving two.
.distinct warps, with which I furnish it, for the purpose of being woven into
two terry fabrics in the loom, one of them (the lower of the two) being woven
.with its face or terries upwards, and the other (or upper) fabric with its face
5 or terries downwards.
The loom is harnessed, so that the opening of the shed or divergence of the
threads in each warp for admitting a wire or rod to assist in the formation of

page_text: the terries shall take place at the same time, and form a single opening or
shed, into which a wire or rod is then introduced, for the purpose of forming a
row of terries across each fabric, and over or upon the same wire or rod; the
height of the terries and the distance of the two fabrics from each other at the
time of beating up being regulated by the thickness or diameter of the wire or
rod introduced into the shed, for the purpose of having the terries or loops
formed over it.
When the wires or rods thus introduced are withdrawn from the terries
after they have been woven into the two fabrics, the terries of the fabrics which
have been thus formed become independent of cach other, and each of the two
terry fabrics, as it is woven in the loom and separated from the other fabric,
upon the withdrawing of the terry wires or rods, is wound upon a separate
beam or roller.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Toye in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd July 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
TOYE, of Gloucester Street, Queen Square, Bloomsbury, in the County of
Middlesex, Mechanic, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Charles Toye, ler special licence that I, the said Charles Toye, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles
Toye, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING TERRY
FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles Toye,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said 'Charles Toye, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
Specification thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, in
which similar parts are marked with similar letters or figures of reference
(that is to say)
My said Invention consists of a mode of weaving two terry fabrics at the
same time in the same loom, the terries of each fabric being formed at the
same time and over the same wire or wires.
For this purpose I harness a loom, such as commonly used in weaving plain
terry fabrics, or any other convenient loom, for the purpose of receiving two
distinct warps, with which I furnish it, for the purpose of being woven into
two terry fabrics in the loom, one of them (the lower of the two) being woven
with its face or terries upwards, and the other (or upper) fabric with its face or
terries downwards.
The loom is harnessed, so that the opening of the shed or divergence of the
threads in each warp for admitting a wire or rod to assist in the formation of
the terries shall take place at the same time, and form a single opening or
shed, into which a wire or rod is then introduced, for the purpose of forming
a row of terrics across each fabric, and over or upon the same wire or rod; the
height of the terries and the distance of the two fabrics from each other at
the time of beating up being. regulated by the, thickness, depth, or diameter
of the wire or rod introduced into the shed, for the purpose of having the
terries or loops formed over it.
When the wires or rods thus introduced are withdrawn from the terries
after they have been woven into the two fabrics, the terries of the fabrics which
have been thus formed become independent of each other, and each of the two
terry fabrics, as it is woven in the loom and seperated from the other fabric.
upon the withdrawing of the terry wires or rods, is wound upon a seperate
beam or roller.
'
'
In order that my Invention. may be clearly understood, I have annexed
hereto two Sheets of. Drawings, shewing parts of a loom which may be
conveniently used in performing my Invention.
2,
In these Drawings, Fig. 1 is a front view of a power loom; Fig. 2 is a side
view of the same; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section, taken in the dotted line
of Fig. 2; Figs. 4 and 5 are enlarged representations of portions of the batten
drawn in different working positions: The same letters of reference are used
to indicate similar parts in all these Figures.
$
i
A, A, and A indicate the warp beams; B, B, and B are the ordinary

page_text: heddles;
C* indicates the cams for working the headdles; D, D, are the jacks
to work the heddles; E is the batten, which is provided at each end with an
upper and a lower shuttle box F, F*, and also with two shuttles G and G*,
one for each fabric; H, H, are the two take-off rollers; I is the take-up roller;
K, the crank shaft; and L, the tappet shaft, upon which are mounted the
tappets M that operate the picking sticks N, N. These picking sticks, it will
be seen, are connected to a wheel O on the shaft P by means of straps Q, Q,
and when the tappets M strike an arm R projecting from the shaft P, the
wheel O, by means of the straps Q, Q, causes the picking sticks N, N, to
strike the upper and lower shuttles at the same instant, and draw them in
opposite directions through both sheds at the same time.
I will now proceed to describe an arrangement of mechanism which may
be adopted for introducing the wires into and withdrawing them from the
fabric.
.. a, a, are two oscillating frames, one on each side of the loom, and mounted
on axles b, b, below, fixed to the stationary framing c, c, attached to the main
frame of the loom. In the upper part of the frames a, a, are cut grooves, in
which the slides & work, and to arms projecting from the slides are attached
the terry wires e, e. f.f, are levers, connected below to the slides d, d, and
above by knuckle joints to the shafts g, which turn in brackets projecting from
the loom. These shafts g are connected by rods h, h, to levers i, and by means
of the cams ; on the shaft L acting upon the levers i, cause the slides, through
the agency of the parts just described, to introduce and withdraw the wires.
Just previous to the introduction of a wire (and as the batten recedes after a
beat up from the position shewn by dots in Fig. 5) a change is effected in the
position of the warps, and a shed is formed for receiving the wire, as shewn in
Fig. 4, all the ground warps that form the body of the upper fabric, and the
terry warps of the lower fabric being raised, and the warps that form the body
of the lower fabric and the terry warp of the upper fabric depressed; as the
batten thus recedes, the frame a with the wire is caused to follow the batten, so
as to bring the wire opposite the open part of the shed. This is effected by
means of a cam k on the shaft L acting upon the lever 1, which, by means of
the rod m, causes the frame a to move towards the batten into a convenient
position for the introduction of the wire into the shed, as shewn at e, Fig. 4,
which having been done, the frame immediately returns to its former position,
followed by the batten, which beats the wire up to the fabric. Another change
now takes place, the upper terry warp being raised and the lower terry warp
depressed, as shewn at Fig. 5, and, by means of the wefts bound into their
respective bodies, thus forming two sets of loops upon a single wire at the

page_text: same time and at one operation, the wire when required being withdrawn
from the work in the usual way. A cut or lift, as it is technically termed, for
operating the heddles, is shewn at Fig. 6; and at Figs. 7 and 8 are shewn the
shape of the cams for operating the parts connected with the introducing and
withdrawing the wires.
Although I have shown a particular description of loom, and also a par-
ticular mode of introducing and withdrawing the terry wires, any convenient
ordinary loom for weaving two piled fabrics at the same time may be used,
and any convenient mode of introducing and withdrawing the wires may be
adopted in lieu of the apparatus which I have herein-before described.
Having now described my Invention of improvements in weaving terry
fabrics, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be
understood that I do not claim the loom or any of the apparatus or parts,
herein-before described, nor do I claim the weaving of two fabrics at the same
time in the same loom when the same are not made according to my Inven-
tion; and that what I do claim as of my Invention is, the simultaneous
forming or making of the terries or loops of two terry fabrics woven at the
same time in the same loom, the terries or loops of each fabric being simul-
taneously formed or made upon the same wire or wires, as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Toye, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Third day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.