Improvements in Lathes for Cutting Metals.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 7:h June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 7th Mar., 1895-Accepted, 1st June, 1895
Improvements in Lathes for Cutting Metals.
I, WILLIAM WILSON HULSE, of The Ordsal Works, Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
In the Specification of former Letters Patent granted to me No. 5664 of
A.D. 1881, there are described inter alia constructions of lathes in which the carriages
upon which the slide-rests are mounted, are each moved longitudinally on the lathe
bed by a nut or nuts arranged to work on a fixed longitudinal screw or screws and
mounted in the carriage so as to have no end ways motion therein, rotary motion
being imparted to the said nut or nuts through toothed. wheels and shafts from a
long rotary shaft arranged parallel to the screw or screws and driven from
the lathe spindle through suitable change wheels. In connection with. the said
toothed wheels and shaft, a clutch is provided by means of which the two nuts may
be set in motion or have their motion reversed in direction or suspended while the
long shaft is running continuously in one direction.
•
Now, in lathes for cutting metals according to this invention, in order that the
long rotary shaft, or each of such shafts, when there are two, may be driven at a slow
speed at one time, as for instance when the cutting tools are in action, and at a quick
speed at other times, as for instance when returning the carriages into position
for recommencing a fresh cut, there is loosely mounted upon one end of the long
rotary shaft, or upon one end of each of such shafts when there are two, a
wheel or pulley with clutch, adapted to be rotated at a quick speed, and beyond the
end of but in line with the said shaft is a short shaft with clutch keyed on, and on
to the outer end of which is keyed the change wheel adapted to be rotated
at a comparatively slow speed from the lathe spindle. Feathered upon the long
rotary shaft is a double clutch that can be engaged with either the wheel or pulley
with clutch, or with the clutch ou the short shaft or disconnected from both, at
will, according as it is required to rotate the said shaft quickly or slowly or to
bring it to rest. The operation of the clutch may be effected through any suitable
means such as a lever connected with a rod extending longitudinally of the lathe.
In order that the slide rests on one carriage of a lathe provided with a rotary
shaft or shafts operated as herein before described, may be traversed at different
speeds independently of the speed at which another carriage may be moving, each
carriage is provided with a swing plate or frame carrying change wheels which are
driven through suitable toothed wheels and a shaft or shafts from the longitudinal
rotary shaft and which can be used alternately for driving the nut or nuts mounted
in the carriage, and the transverse traversing screw or screws of the slide rest or
rests, as may be required. When the carriages are provided with two nuts working
onto two fixed longitudinal screws, motion is transmitted from the, longitudinal
rotary shaft to the change wheels through toothed wheels and a shaft or shafts, a
clutch being interposed where necessary by which the motion can be changed in
direction or arrested at will. The two nuts are driven from bevel wheels fixed
upon a cross shaft which is in turn driven by the change wheels.
In the case of lathes, such as double bedded lathes, in which the carriages are
each moved longitudinally by a single nut, the longitudinal rotary shaft, or each of
them when there are two, may be arranged outside the lathe bed, and motion be
transmitted from it to the change wheels through one or other of two bevel wheels

page_text: mounted to rotate and slide end ways: upon the said shaft to which either of the
said wheels can be connected by a clutch. Each rotary nut may be driven as
in the preceding arrangement, from a cross shaft which in turn is driven from
the change wheels. Or, in order that the long rotary shaft, or each of such
shafts when there are two, may be driven at.a slow speed at one time and at a quick
speed at other times, there is loosely mounted upon one end of the said shaft, or upon
one end of each of such shafts. when there are two, two wheels one of which
is adapted to be rotated at a comparatively slow speed from the lathe spindle and
the other at a quick speed, as by a belt, and feathered upon the long rotary
shaft, or upon each such shaft, is a clutch that can be engaged with either
wheel or disconnected from both at will according as it is required to rotate the said
shaft slowly or quickly or to bring it to rest.
When it is desired to move the cutter or cutters at right angles to the axis of the
lathe simultaneously with the longitudinal movement of the corresponding carriage
for turning taper work at different angles, lathes constructed according to my
present invention may be provided with mechanism similar to that used in the
construction of the lathes shown and described in my said former Specification
and comprising a swinging frame and gearing which is driven from the same cross
shaft as that used for rotating the nut or nuts for effecting. the longitudinal
movement of the carriage. Or other known arrangements may be employed for
actuating the slide rest or rests transversely whilst the carriage upon which it or
they are mounted is moving longitudinally.
To evable long objects to be turned between the centres of a lathe and large
objects to be turned and surfaced on the face plate thereof, I provide the lathe with
an upper base plate or bed made of sufficient length and strength to traverse and
project over the pit and on which I mount a slide bed provided with a transverse-
adjustment, the inovable headstock being designed to allow the upper bed to move
past it.
For the Applicant.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lathes for Cutting Metals.
I, WILLIAM WILSON HULSE, of The Ordsal Works, Salford, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
In the Specification of former Letters Patent granted to me No. 5664 of
A.D. 1881, there are described inter alia constructions of lathes in which the
carriages upon which the slide-rests are mounted, are each moved longitudinally
on the lathe bed by a nut or nuts arranged to work on a fixed longitudinal screw or
screws and mounted in the carriage so as to have no end ways motion therein, rotary
motion being imparted to the said nut or nuts through toothed wheels and shafts
from a long rotary shaft arranged parallel to the screw or screws and driven from
the lathe spindle through suitable change wheels. In connection with the said
toothed wheels and shaft, a clutch is provided by means of which the two nuts may
be set in motion or have their motion reversed in direction, or suspended, while the
long shaft is running continuously in one direction.
Now, in lathes for cutting metals according to this invention, in order that the
long rotary shaft, or each of such shafts, when there are, two, may be driven at a
slow speed at one time, as for instance when the cutting tools are in action, and at

page_text: quick speed at other times, as for instance when returning the carriages into
position for recommencing a fresh cut, there is employed driving mechanism such
as 1 will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings
wherein
Fig. 1 is a plan and Fig. 2 an end elevation, showing so much of a lathe as is
necessary to illustrate the application thereto of driving mechanism according to
this invention.
In this example 1 is the long rotary shaft which is to be rotated at one time at
a slow speed and at another time at a quick speed. For this purpose there is
loosely mounted upon one end of it, a toothed wheel 2 (or pulley) with part clutch 3,
adapted to be rotated at a quick speed, and beyond the end of but in line with the
said shaft, is a short shaft 4 on which is keyed a part clutch 5 to the outer end of
which is keyed the change wheel 6 adapted to be rotated at a comparatively slow
speed from the lathe spindle 7 through suitable gearing as well understood.
Feathered upon the long rotary shaft 1 is a double ended clutch 9 that can be
engaged with either the part clutch 3, or with the part clutch 5, or disconnected
from both, at will, according as it is required to rotate the said shaft quickly or
slowly, or to bring it to rest. The operation of the clutch 9 may be effected
through any suitable means, such as a lever 10, connected it may be with a rod
(not shown) extending longitudinally of the lathe. The toothed wheel 2 may
conveniently be driven at a quick speed by a toothed wheel 11 fixed upon a
transverse shaft 12 which is rotated by bevel gearing 13 from a longitudinal
shaft 14 provided with fast and loose pulleys 15 and 15ª respectively. 16 are the
aforesaid fixed longitudinal screws.
0
Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views to Figs. 1 and 2 respectively showing part of a
lathe provided with a long rotary shaft
at each side thereof.
In this arrangement the toothed wheel 2 with part clutch 3 loosely mounted on
each rotary shaft 1, is arranged to be driven at a slow speed from the lathe
spindle 7 by bevel gearing 7", vertical shaft 17, bevel gearing 18, horizontal shaft 19
and bevel wheel 20, which is constantly in gear with the corresponding bevel
wheel 2. The part clutch corresponding to 5 in Figs. 1 & 2, comprises in this
arrangement, a ring 5ª that is carried by a disc 5 keyed to the shaft 1 and is adapted
to be expanded by means of a lever and wedge so as to engage the inner surface of
the rapidly driven pulley 15 in a manner well understood. 9 is the double ended
clutch feathered to the shaft 1 and having one end formed as a jaw clutch to engage
the correspondingly formed clutch part 3, and its other end formed as a cone for
operating the lever and wedge and expanding the ring 5 within the pulley 15.
The two pulleys 15 may each be driven separately, or be connected together by a
belt, motion being directly imparted to one of them by a belt driving pulley 15*
which is keyed on the elongated boss 4ª of pulley 15 which revolves freely on
shaft 1.
In order that the slide rests and carriages of a lathe provided with a rotary shaft
or shafts 1 operated as hereinbefore described, may be traversed at different speeds
independently of the speed at which another carriage may be moving, each carriage
is provided with a swing plate or frame carrying change wheels which are driven
through suitable toothed wheels and a shaft or shafts from the longitudinal rotary
shaft, and which can be used alternately for driving the nut or nuts mounted in the
carriage, and the transverse traversing screw or screws of the slide rest or rests, as
may be required.
Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8 are respectively a plan, a cross section, a part plan, and a
side elevation, showing part of a lathe bed and carriage with an arrangement of
mechanism such as just referred to. 21 is the swing plate carrying the change
wheels 22 which are driven through a transverse shaft 23, bevel gear 24, short
longitudinal shaft 25 and toothed wheel 26 from a toothed wheel 27 carried by the
carriage 28 but feathered to the rotary shaft 1 so as to be driven thereby whilst
free to slide lengthways thereon. 24 is a clutch combined with the bevel gear 24,
in a known way, so that the motion can be changed in direction or arrested at will.

page_text: The carriage 28 is shown provided with two rotary nuts 29 which work onto two
fixed longitudinal screws 16 and are driven from the change wheels 22 through a
cross shaft 30, bevel gear 31, longitudinal shaft 32, bevel gearing 33, transverse
shaft. 34, and two sets of bevel gearing 35 each driving a longitudinal shaft 36
provided with a toothed wheel 37 in gear with a toothed wheel 38 carried by
the corresponding nut 29. 39 is a clutch by which the shafts 30 and 32 can be
connected to and disconnected from each other. 40 and 41 are transverse screws
whereby one or each of two slide rests (not shown) can be moved crossways upon
the carriage 28. These screws are geared together at 42 so as to rotate in
opposite directions and one of them, viz. 40, is driven from the shaft 30 through
mechanism that may be similar to that used in the construction of the lathes
shown and described in my said former Specification and comprising bevel
gearing and a reversing clutch at 43 carried by a swinging frame 45 and driven
from the said shaft 30, a worm 46 driven from said bevel gearing, a worm
wheel 46*, toothed wheels 47, and a transverse shaft 48 which carries a toothed
pinion 49 in gear with the toothed pinion on screw 40. This arrangement is
specially advantageous when it is desired to move the cutter or cutters at right
angles to the axis of the lathe simultaneously with the longitudinal movement of
the corresponding carriage 28 for turning taper work at different angles. Or
other known or suitable arrangements may be employed for actuating the slide
rest or rests transversely from the cross shaft 30 whilst the carriage 28 upon which
it or they are mounted is moving longitudinally.
In the case of lathes, such as double bedded lathes, in which the carriages 28
are each moved longitudinally by a single nut, the longitudinal rotary shaft 1, or
each of them when there are two, may be arranged outside the lathe bed as
shown in Figs. 9, 10 and 11 which are respectively a plan, cross section and side
elevation of part of a double bedded lathe provided with two such shafts. In this
case motion is transmitted from each shaft to the change wheels 22 through one or
other of two bevel wheels 50 50ª mounted to rotate and slide end ways upon the said
shaft to which either of the said wheels can be connected by a double clutch 51.
Each rotary nut 29 may be driven through toothed wheels 38, 37, longitudinal
shaft 36, and bevel gear 31 from a cross shaft 30 as in the preceding arrangement,
the said cross shaft being in turn driven from the change wheels 22.
For taper
turning gearing similar to that shown in Figs. 5 to 8 inclusive is provided in
connection with the transverse traversing screw 40 on each carriage 28. This
gearing comprises bevel gear 44 driven by the cross shaft 30, a shaft 44ª, bevel
gear 43, worm 46 carried by the swinging frame 45, worm wheel 46" and toothed
wheel 47 which is in gear with a toothed wheel on the screw. The long rotary
shaft 1, or each of such shafts when there are two, as in the arrangement now being
described, may be driven at a slow speed at one time and at a quick speed at other
times by driving mechanism constructed and arranged as herein before described
with reference to and shown in Figs. 3 & 4. The clutches used in the arrangements
shown in Figs. 5 to 11 inclusive are each operated by a shaft 52 provided with a
crank handle.
Figs. 12, 13 and 14 are respectively an end view, plan, and side elevation, showing
a construction of lathe for enabling long objects to be turned between the centres
of a lathe and large objects to be turned and surfaced on the face plate thereof.
For this purpose I provide a lower bed or base plate 53 with an upper base plate
or bed 54 made of sufficient length and strength to traverse and project over the
pit 55 and on which I mount a slide 56 provided with a transverse adjustment,
the movable headstock 57 being designed to allow the upper bed to move past it
as shown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to he performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a lathe of the kind herein referred to constructed with one or more long

page_text: rotary shafts, the combination with such shaft, or with each of such shafts, of
mechanism constructed arranged and operating substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference respectively to and shown in Figs. 1 and 2; and in Figs. 3
and 4 of the drawings annexed, whereby the said shaft can be driven slowly or
quickly, or be arrested at will.
2. In a lathe provided with a rotary shaft or shafts operated as herein described,
and a fixed longitudinal screw or screws, the combination with each carriage
carrying a slide rest or rests of a swing frame or plate carrying change wheels
which are arranged to be driven through suitable toothed wheels, a clutch, and a
shaft or shafts from the longitudinal rotary shaft and which can be used for driving
the nut or nuts mounted in the carriage, and the transverse traversing screw or
screws of the slide rest or rests, either alternately, or simultaneously, and at
different speeds, as may be required, substantially as herein described with
reference to Figs. 5 to 8 inclusive of the drawings annexed.
3. In a lathe of the kind herein referred to, the combination with each carriage 28
and its longitudinal rotary shaft 1 and fixed screw 16, of mechanism constructed
arranged and operating substantially as herein described with reference to
Figs. 9 to 11 inclusive of the drawings annexed for the purpose specified.
4. A lathe constructed with a pit, an upper base plate or bed having, a slide, and
a movable headstock adapted to allow of the said upper base plate or bed moving
past it, substantially as herein described with reference to and shown in Figs. 12
to 14 inclusive of the drawings annexed.
Dated this 7th day of March 1895.
WILLIAM WILSON HULSE.
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.