An Improved Combined Sea-oiling Apparatus and Oil-storage Reservoir.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Jah., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 6th Oct., 1890-Accepted, 8th Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Combined Sea-oiling Apparatus and Oil-storage
Reservoir.
I SAMUEL JOHN HOWELLS Rosehill Terrace Swansea Ship Chandler do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved means of providing in a cheap simple and
effective form apparatus for the proper storage manipulation and distribution of oil at
sea to allay its force or prevent its breaking on board ships, boats, or rafts.
My.improvement consists in the employment of materials and in the manner of their
application arrangement and use.
The present mode, of employing bagging for the distribution of oil, is troublesome
inconvenient and unreliable and therefore bagging requires to be superseded by the
employment of more suitable materials.
propose to substitute an apparatus or appliance provided with proper means to
prevent loss or leakage of oil when out of use and which may be found always ready
for use in any emergency.
My apparatus consists of a metallic or other kind of drum vessel case canister or
other receptacle, and may be of various suitable shapes and sizes, furnished or other-
wise with materials perforations apertures tubes chambers valves and or other means
to assist either in the filling absorption retention disturbance and or exudation and
distribution of the oil. The apparatus may be provided with suitable means for the
government or regulation of the quantity of oil to be distributed. The necessary
buoyancy space or material may be furnished within or without the apparatus as may.
be found most convenient and suitable means of attachment for use and rest may be
provided.
My novel apparatus will therefore meet the objection to the use of oil bags in
emergencies and at other times and provide a more reliable means of assisting in
preventing loss of life and property at sea.
Ds 1th love of Januous 1800
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Combined Sea-oiling Apparatus and Oil-storage
Reservoir.
1 SAMUEL JOHN HOWELLS of Rosehill Terrace Swansea in the County of Glamorgan
Ship Chandler do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to a convenient and inexpensive vessel, for the twofold use of
storing oil, and of distributing oil in the sea, for the purpose of allaying the broken
water.
Hitherto the apparatus used for "pouring oil on the troubled waters," has been a
canvas bag, which being filled with oil, and having a hole or holes pricked in it to
allow of the escape of the oil, has either been hung overboard or thrown into the
water.
This plan is neither convenient nor reliable, firstly, because the bag being unfit for a
permanent container or storer, has to be filled shortly before using, and thus dangerous
delay may accrue, secondly, because there is no adjustment for the rate of the
discharge of the oil

page_text: To obviate these disadvantages is the object of my invention, which consists of a
vessel of wood metal or other suitable material, but preferably of metal-and that of
copper in which the oil can be permanently stored, and which vessel also forms the
distributor when such is required, by a simple and quickly accomplished mechanical
action, and thus any delay is avoided, as the apparatus is ready on any emergency.
My invention consists of a vessel of any convenient form, but by preference I use a
vessel of cylindrical form, having flat eggshaped or hemispherical ends. This vessel
has two or more openings or apertures, which can be closed when used as a mere
storer, by stoppers, but which stoppers can also be used to adjust the size or number
of the orifices, or openings, when used as a distributor.
The vessel is also made to float, when used as an oil distributor, to be towed or
attached to a line, in the water, by having a suitable air chamber or space, or
by having some solid material, of low specific gravity placed inside, or attached
outside.
The float is so arranged, that one of the apertures or series of apertures, is in the
top of the floating vessel, while the other is in the bottom. To understand the means
by which the oil is ejected, and thus distributed on the water, it will he seen that the
water enters the vessel at the lower orifice, or orifices, and displaces the oil, which is
driven out at the higher orifice or orifices, by the difference of the specific gravities of
the water and the oil. Of course it can be used as an oil distributor, by simply
hanging it over the side of the ship boat or other vessel, and so adjusting the
apparatus, that one, or more, of the higher apertures, admits air, while the other
discharges the oil.
It is evident that a variety of forms of mechanical adjustments, for enlarging
or decreasing the apertures may be used. A convenient form is arranged, so that
little or no projection shall protrude, beyond the general outline of the vessel, and is
therefore more out of the danger of being broken or damaged.
I will now refer to the accompanying drawings, to more particularly show forth my
invention-
Fig. 1 is one convenient form of my apparatus, R & R being rings, or hooks, for
the purposes of attachment.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of same, where A is the air space, or space for
buoyant material, and O is the oil space, B & B being the adjustable orifices.
Fig. 3 is a cross section.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view, of one form of adjustable orifice.
Fig. 5 is a section of same, where S is a screwed stopper having a milled head, the
screwed portion being a hollow tube perforated round spirally. When closed the top,
or milled head, presses against the flangeƒ (shown in Fig. 4). One of these stoppers
may be entirely removed for filling the vessel.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained, the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
claim is
1st. A metallic or other vessel, having a floating arrangement, and also having one
or a series of adjustable orifices, at the top, and another at the bottom, when floating
in equilibrium, so that the oil is ejected, by the difference of the specific gravity of
water and oil, substantially as described.
2nd. A screwed stopper, for adjusting the number or area of the inlet and outlet
apertures, substantially as described.
DL:
L 1
3000