AN IMPROVED SELF-ACTING APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING A CIROULATION OF VOLATILE LIQUIDS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hector Auguste Dufrené, of the General Patent
Offices, 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris, in the Empire of France, and
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of
is AN IMPROVED SELF-ACTING APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING A CIROULATION OF
VOLATILE LIQUIDS."-Acommunication from MessieursFrancisque Massot
and Auguste Juquin, residing at Rue Rivoli, Paris, in the Empire of
Riance
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hector Auguste Dufrené
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th July 1865.
I, HECTOR AUGUSTE DUFRENÉ, of the General Patent Offices, 10, Rue de
la Fidélité, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 4, South Street, Finsbury,
London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
AN IMPROVED SELF-ACTING APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING A CIRCULATION OF VOLATILE
LIQUIDS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
The principle of this Invention consists in causing a circulation of hot
water or of any other volatile liquid from a lower reservoir or vessel to an
upper one and reciprocally by means of heat permanently kept up.
I employ two recipients placed one over the other, and communicating
together by means of two tubes open at each end. The first tube is immersed
to the bottom of the lower recipient, and opens at the level of the bottom of
[Price 8d.]

page_text: the upper recipient; the second tube rises to a certain height in the upper
recipient, and plunges in the lower one something less than the first. The
tubes being so disposed, if a volatile liquid is poured in the lower recipient
and caused to be heated, the vapour produced will determine a pressure
which will cause a portion of the liquid to rise through the first tube into the
upper reservoir; but the level of the liquid falling at the same time in the
lower vessel will become level with the lower extremity of the second tube,
and consequently the steam forming pressure will escape, whereupon the
liquid which has been raised having no longer any resistance will fall by its
own weight into the lower vessel, and if the fire is not removed it will rise, as
above described, to descend again, and so on indefinitely so long as the fire
remains lighted and there is liquid in the lower vessel above the level of the
bottom of the second tube.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Hector Auguste Dufrené in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 6th January 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HECTOR
AUGUSTE DUFRENÉ, of the General Patent Offices, 10, Rue de la Fidélité,
Paris, in the Empire of France, and 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the lighth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Hector Auguste Dufrené, Her special license that I, the said Hector Auguste
Dufrené, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Hector Auguste Dufrené, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED SELF-ACTING APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING A CIRCULATION OF VOLATILE
LIQUIDS," a communication from Messieurs Francisque Massot and Auguste
Juquin, persons resident at Rue Rivoli, Paris, in the Empire of France, upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Hector Auguste Dufrené, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and

page_text: and seal, or under the haud and seal of one of them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Hector Auguste Dufrené, dohereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereto annexed, and
to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
The principle of the Invention communicated to me consists in obtaining
a circulation of hot water or any other volatile liquid from a lower reservoir
to an upper one and vice versa.
And in order that the Invention may be fully understood, I will proceed to
describe the apparatus by which the Invention is carried into operation,
reference being had to the Drawing annexed, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon, that is to say :-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
A, recipient filled with water or any other liquid, above which is placed a
vessel B, to which is adapted a filter and two tubes C, No. 1, and C, No. 2.
Each tube is open at both ends; the first tube, C, No. 1, adapted to the
lower part of the vessel B, is immersed very near the bottom of the
recipient A.
The second tube C, No. 2, adapted to the lower part of the vessel B,
immersed in the vessel A, but not so low as the tube C, No. 1, rises to the
top of the vessel B, and terminates in F with an open cover underneath.
This tube No. 2 is provided with a hole D towards the top of the
recipient. A to facilitate the escape of the steam and the return of the water
to the recipient A. The water contained in the apparatus is heated by means
of a fire or other suitable means, as at T. The steam pressing on the water
in the recipieut A will cause the water to rise in the vessel B by means of
the tubes C, Nos. 1 and 2, and its level will fall to P, Q; the steam will
then escape by the opening G of the tube C, No. 2, and no more pressure
will be exerted, and the water which has risen in the vessel B will re-descend
into the recipient by the opening E of the tube C, No. 1 during the time
the escape of the steam will be finished by the hole D of the tube C, No. 2.
The water will return to the recipient, be again heated, rise again, and re-
descend, and so on, thus keeping up a circulation of hot water which will not

page_text: cease until the fire is removed. This circulation of water or of any other
volatile liquid can be utilised for infusing coffee, tea, pharmaceutical and
coloring principles, to the cleaning of liuen, and for the maceration of all
substances requiring a circulation of hot water.
Having now described the nature of the Invention communicated to. me,
and the manner in which the same is to be carried into effect, I would
observe, in conclusion, that relative to the applications of this automatic
apparatus, I do not restrict myself to the precise details herein laid down,
neither do I lay any claim to the precise shape or form of the apparatus, as
they may be varied according to circumstances, and provided the peculiar
character of the Invention be retained; but what I claim is the construction
of the improved apparatus for obtaining a circulation of hot water and other
volatile liquids by means of the two tubes C, No. 1, and C, No. 2, and of a
permanent fire placed underneath the recipient A, as herein-before described
and represented in the annexed Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Hector Auguste Dufrené, have hereunto
set my haud and seal, this Fifth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Witness,
HY. GILBEE,
Clerk to Mr. Dufrené,
10, Rue de la Fidélité,
Paris.
5th January 1866.
H. A. DUFRENÉ. (L.S.)