Tank Waggon for Liquefied Gases, especially Carbonic Acid.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Tank Waggon for Liquefied Gases, especially Carbonic Acid.
I, IGNAZ QURIN, Engineer, of Cologne, 20, Deutscher Ring, in the Province of
Rhineland and Kingdom of Prussia, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:
When gases, for instance, carbonic acid gas, are carried in a liquefied state in
the ordinary steel bottles, the arranging and fastening of these bottles in the
waggons on the one hand, and on the other the drawing off of the gases from the
large bottles into the smaller bottles for practical use offer great difficulties,
more especially the latter operation, since in the drawing off of the gases such
a degree of cold is developed, that the fluid in the interior of the steel bottles
freezes wholly or partly.
For this reason it is necessary to heat the bottles and especially their necks
and heads, while the gas is being drawn off.
The present invention consisting in the application of a number of steel-bottles
united in one or more batteries to form a tank waggon is intended to obviate
the above named disadvantages and to make it possible to carry and draw off the
liquefied gases in as convenient and simple manner as possible.
In the accompanying drawing Fig. 1 i.e. the half of one in longitudinal section
and partial side-view, while Figs. 2 and 3 show various sections and front views,
Fig. 4 gives a detail on a larger scale.
In the inside of the waggon the steel bottles A are connected in several layers
above and alongside of each other so as to form one or more batteries in such
a manner that the ends of the necks or heads of the different bottles lie lower
than the bottom ends, so that the whole battery is inclined downwards as seen from
the back in the longitudinal direction of the waggon.
In this manner there is formed under the higher lying back of the battery a
free, empty space in which the heating devices such as rib-heaters B, as shown
in the drawing, can be placed.
At the same time there is provided in the waggon at the front end of the
battery i.c. where the heads of the different bottles are, a special chamber C,
which can be reached from the outside by doors T where all the heads 6 of the
bottles lie together with the bottling apparatus.
In this manner the lower as well as the hinder ends of the different bottles
can be simply and thoroughly heated, especially the heads and the bottling
fittings where the generation of cold and formation of ice is likely to be the
greatest.
It is certainly preferable, as shown in Fig. 1, to arrange lengthways in the
waggon two steel-bottle batteries inclined to each other, in such a manner that
the heating chamber (fire-box) C for the bottle-heads and bottling fittings as
well as the doors T shall lie in the centre of the waggon; of course the whole
waggon may also contain only one battery, so that the chamber C lies at one end
of the battery, while at the opposite end are the bottom or end pieces of the
battery

page_text: In order to arrange and fix the various bottles i.e. the battery in its inclined
position in the waggon and to insure it against the effect of shocks, the arrange-
ment in detail according to the drawing is as follows:
The bottle-heads b, which taper somewhat towards the front like a cone and
are fitted with stoppers c, are pushed from the outside into beds of a corresponding
conical shape at the corresponding side of the chamber C, and are kept pressed
against the side from behind by draw-rods h, attached by their fore ends to the side
of the chamber C between the bottles, and fitted with heads in this part, and
resting with their lower ends in cross-sleepers y provided behind the different
rows of bottles lying above each other.
In these cross-sleepers g are fitted press-screws e, which with their ends press
against the correspondingly shaped bottom of each bottle and are secured by
counter-nuts from being shaken loose during the journey.
By tightening these screws e or the nuts of the different rods h which take up
a position in front of the cross-sleepers, the various bottles are pressed tightly
into the corresponding beds in the side of the chamber C.
At the same time the bottles are kept at the desired incline in the waggon and
at a certain necessary distance from each other and on an elastic bed by wooden
rests having corresponding notches for the reception of the various bottles.
These rests are pushed in from above between the longitudinal pairs of angles
fitted at the sides of the waggon and the foot angle pairs m at the bottom of the
waggon and then connected with each other from above downwards by screw
bolts k, so as to form a whole surrounding the bottles tightly and yet elastically
and immovably fixed in the waggon.
The inner device in the chamber for drawing off the gas is as follows:
Attached to the mouth piece c of each bottle there is a bent tube n connected
with a tube p running in a horizontal direction past all the bottles.
There are thus as many cross-pipes p above each other as there are horizontal
rows of bottles in the battery. These cross-pipes p terminate in the valves which
in turn are joined to upright tubes 9 which form at each side of the waggon
a kind of trestle which is attached to the bottom of the waggon by means of the
foot flange u.
In order to brace them the two tubes q are connected at the top by a cross-
tube which is carried on both sides through the waggon to the outside and is
closed by a cap t.
If the cap is removed, the tube by which the gases are carried from the bottles A
of the waggon, can be connected at this spot.
The gases may thus he drawn off either on the right or left side of the waggon,
and, in the same manner, by means of the valves o, each horizontal row of bottles
may, at will, be cut off from the outer pipe, or connected with it.
In order to apply the valves, the door T nearest to them is naturally opened.
It is sufficient, as assumed in Fig. 2, when two batteries of bottles which are
inclined towards each other, are on the waggon, to have all the valves for the
one battery on the left side, and for the other, on the right side.
In the arrangement of the bottles as described above it is very easily possible
to clean the bottles thoroughly by the introduction of steam, water, lye and
the like without any residues therefrom staying in the bottle, since, owing to the
inclined position of the bottles, the contents can run out completely.
In order to be quite sure that the bottles are entirely drained, it is advisable
to turn the neck of the gas reservoir A downwards to one side or eccentrically,
as shown in Fig. 4, so that the inner surface of the bottle holder in its lowest
part is contained in a straight line along the inner surface of the neck without any
gap taking place.
Dated this 1st day of June 1808

page_text: Tank Waggon for Liquefied Gases, especially Carbonic Acid.
I, IGNAZ QURIN, Engineer, of Cologne, 20, Deutscher Ring, in the Province of
Rhineland, and Kingdom of Prussia, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
When gases, for instance, carbonic acid gas, are carried in a liquefied state in
the ordinary steel bottles, the arranging and fastening of these bottles in the
waggons on the one hand and on the other the drawing off of the gases from the
large bottles into the smaller bottles for practical use offer great difficulties,
more especially the latter operation, since in the drawing off of the gases such
a degree of cold is developed, that the fluid in the interior of the steel bottles
freezes wholly or partly.
For this reason it is necessary to heat the bottles and especially their necks
and heads, while the gas is being drawn off.
The present invention consisting in the application of a number of steel bottles
united in one or more batteries to form a tank waggon is intended to obviate
the above named disadvantages and to make it possible to carry and draw off the
liquefied gases in as convenient and simple manner as possible.
In the drawing filed with the Provisional Specification, Fig. 1 shows such a tank
waggon i.e. the half of one in longitudinal section and partial side-view, while Figs. 2
and show various sections and front views, Fig. 4 gives a detail on a larger scale.
In the inside of the waggon the steel bottles A are connected in several layers
above and alongside of each other so as to form one or more batteries in such
a manner that the ends of the necks or heads of the different bottles lie lower
than the bottom ends, so that the whole battery is inclined downwards as seen from
the back in the longitudinal direction of the waggon.
In this manner there is formed under the higher lying back of the battery a
free, empty space in which the heating devices such as rib-heaters B, as shown
in the drawing, can be placed.
At the same time there is provided in the waggon at the front end of the
battery .e. where the heads of the different bottles are, a special chamber C,
which can be reached from the outside by doors T where all the heads b of the
bottles lie together with the bottling apparatus.
In this manner the lower as well as the hinder ends of the different bottles
can be simply and thoroughly heated, especially the heads and the bottling
fittings where the generation of cold and formation of ice is likely to be the
greatest.
It is certainly preferable, as shown in Fig. 1, to arrange lengthways in the
waggon two steel-bottle batteries inclined to each other, in such a manner that
the heating chamber (fire-box) C for the bottle-heads and bottling fittings as
well as the doors T shall lie in the centre of the waggon; of course the whole
waggon may also contain only one battery, so that the chamber C lies at one end
of the battery, while at the opposite end are the bottom or end pieces of the
battery.
In order to arrange and fix the various bottles i.e. the battery in its inclined
position in the waggon and to insure it against the effect of shocks, the arrange-
ment in detail according to the drawing is as follows:
The bottle-heads b, which taper somewhat towards the front like a cone and
are fitted with stoppers c, are pushed from the outside into beds of a corresponding
conical shape at the corresponding side of the chamber C, and are kept pressed

page_text: against the side from behind by draw-rods h, attached by their fore ends to the side
of the chamber C between the bottles, and fitted with heads in this part, and
resting with their lower ends in cross-sleepers g provided behind the different
rows of bottles lying above each other.
In these cross-sleepers are fitted press-screws e, which with their ends press
against the correspondingly shaped bottom of each bottle and are secured by
counter-nuts from being shaken loose during the journey.
By tightening these screws e or the nuts of the different rods h which take up
a position in front of the cross-sleepers, the various bottles are pressed tightly
into the corresponding beds in the side of the chamber C.
At the same time the bottles are kept at the desired incline in the waggon and
at a certain necessary distance from each other and on an elastic bed by wooden
rests having corresponding notches for the reception of the various bottles.
These rests are pushed in from above between the longitudinal pairs of angles
fitted at the sides of the waggon and the foot angle pairs m at the bottom of the
waggon and then connected with each other from above downwards by screw
holts k, so as to form a whole surrounding the bottles tightly and yet elastically
and immovably fixed in the waggon.
The inner device in the chamber for drawing off the gas is as follows:
Attached to the mouth piece c of each bottle there is a bent tube n connected
with a tube p running in a horizontal direction past all the bottles.
There are thus as many cross-pipes p above each other as there are horizontal
rows of bottles in the battery. These cross-pipes p terminate in the valves which
in turn are joined to upright tubes q which form at each side of the waggon
a kind of trestle which is attached to the bottom of the waggon by means of the
foot flange u.
In order to brace them the two tubes q are connected at the top by a cross-
tube which is carried on both sides through the waggon to the outside and is
closed by a cap t.
If the cap is removed, the tube by which the gases are carried from the bottles A
of the waggon, can be connected at this spot.
The gases may thus be drawn off either on the right or left side of the waggon,
and, in the same manner, by means of the valves o, each horizontal row of bottles
may, at will, be cut off from the outer pipe, or connected with it.
In order to apply the valves, the door T nearest to them is naturally opened.
It is sufficient, as assumed in Fig. 2, when two batteries of bottles which are
inclined towards each other, are on the waggon, to have all the valves for the
one battery on the left side, and for the other, on the right side.
In the arrangement of the bottles as described above it is very easily possible
to clean the bottles thoroughly by the introduction of steam, water, lye and
the like without any residues therefrom staying in the bottle, since, owing to the
inclined position of the bottles, the contents can run out completely.
In order to be quite sure that the bottles are entirely drained, it is advisable
to turn the neck d of the gas reservoir A downwards to one side or eccentrically,
as shown in Fig. 4, so that the inner surface of the bottle holder in its lowest
part is contained in a straight line along the inner surface of the neck without any
gap taking place.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1.) Tank waggon for liquefied gases, especially carbonic acid thereby charac-
terized that the gas reservoirs (bottles) A joined together in the form of a battery,
are mounted longitudinally in an inclined position in such a manner on the
waggon that the space for containing the heaters B is formed under the higher
lying bottoms of the bottles, while the heads 6 of the bottles and the drawing off
appliances project into a chamber C, likewise containing heaters B, for the purpose

page_text: of preventing the gases from freezing when the contents are being drawn off,
and at the same time making it possible to cleanse the bottles in a simple and
easy manner by steam or fluids.
2.) A ferm of the tank waggon according to Claim 1.) thereby characterized
that the neck of the gas reservoir A into which is fitted the draw-off valve, is
moved downwards to the one side in order to insure the bottles completely draining
off when they are cleansed.
11
1
1000
For IGNAZ QURIN.
Bernh. Brockhues.