Improvements in Ventilating Appliances.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Aug.,
1897
Complete Specification Left, 28th May, 1898-Accepted, 27th Aug.,
1898
Improvements in Ventilating Appliances.
I, JOSEPH LEATHER, of 65, Huskisson Street, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
"
The object. of the invention is to provide appliances whereby the entrance of
air into or the entrance and exit of air into and from, respectively, a room or
other space shall be easily controlled and the direction and force of the air
currents varied as may be found desirable.
For these purposes I arrange at or near one end of an opening into the room
or space to be ventilated one or more adjustable division or directing plates
and at or near the other end of the opening I arrange a series of movable and
adjustable directing plates preferably disposed radially or nearly so to a centre
on which the series moves.
Some of these deflecting plates may be perforated or partly perforated and
partly solid and adjustable so as to partly cover or close the passage between
two of such directing plates. In combination with the movable series of plates
I may use one or more baffle plates operated conjointly with the said series of
plates.
1002
Improvements in Ventilating Appliances.
I, JOSEPH LEATHER, of 65, Huskisson Street, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
drawings:-
-
The object of this invention is to provide appliances whereby the entrance of
air into or the entrance and exit of air into and from respectively a room or
other space shall be easily controlled and the direction and force of the air
currents varied as may be found desirable.
For these purposes I arrange at or near one end of an opening into the room
or space to be ventilated one or more adjustable division or directing plates
and at or near the other end of the opening I arrange a series of movable and.

page_text: adjustable directing plates preferably disposed radially or nearly so to a centre
on which the series moves.
Some of these directing plates may be perforated or partly perforated and
partly solid and adjustable so as to partly cover or close the passage between
two of such directing plates.
"
☐
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a ventilator under my invention.
Fig. shews the same ventilator partially closed.
a is a box or casing built or fitted into the wall of the room or space to be
ventilated and having an opening. at one end into the room and an opening c
at the other end to the exterior. d is an adjustable division or directing plate
pivotted at near the exterior opening for directing 'the entering air somewhat
downwards towards the lower part of the box. is a set screw for fixing the
plate in position. More than one plate may be used if desired.
e are a series
of directing plates attached to sectors or quadrants f. The sectors of are pivotted
at y to the box a so that the whole or some of the plates e can be moved into
the box a as shown in Fig. 2 thus allowing of the opening b being entirely closed
by the outside plate e¹ or being partially closed by one of the other plates e.
These plates care arranged radially or nearly so to the point g so that any air
passing inwards in the direction of the arrow is spread out fanwise and reduced:
in velocity thus ensuring efficient ventilation without draughts to cause any
discomfort to persons in the room. One of the plates is movable on pivots h
so that when the sectors are pulled out, one edge of the plate rests on the
plate el so as to baffle or deflect the air passing over such plates from a direct
horizontal course into the room. When the sectors are pushed in as in Fig. 2:
the plate hangs vertically and allows of air passing upwards on each side of
it. One or more of the plates e may be perforated over the whole or part of
its surface as at 3 and is pivotted at i so that it may be turned transversely
as shewn by the dotted lines e in Fig. 1 thus baffling or if the plate is not
perforated at all, completely closing the passage between the plates on each
side of said pivotted plate.
By moving the sectors and plates e into or out of the opening b and adjusting
the movable plates 3 the force and direction of the currents of air passing into
the room can be regulated at will. When the atmosphere is calm and the air
in the room is at a different temperature to that outside the room there is an a
inward current at the lower part of the box and an outward current at the upper
part of the box; as shewn in Fig. 1 by the solid and dotted arrows, so that
vitiated air is removed at the same time as fresh air is admitted. The division d
acting to keep the inward and outward currents separate.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a ventilator with modified directing plates. 4
Here the hanging plate e is perforated and bent so that part of the air passing
along is deflected and part passes through such plate thus modifying the cur-
rent, the portion that passes through going into the room in a lower direction
but at a low velocity and without inconvenient draught. The plate can also
be set transversely, as shown by the dotted lines es so as to baffle and to diminish 4
the current of air between the plate e and the next plate e. Instead of the
radial plates as at e³ Fig. 1 being perforated auxiliary pivotted perforated
plates e may be used as shewn in Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of a ventilator under my invention with a
different arrangement of pivot. Here the pivot is placed a little distance 5
within the box so that when the sectors f are drawn out they do not project so
far into the room. a¹ is a projection to prevent air passing under the bottom
of the plate e' when the ventilator is closed as shown.
The sectors and movable plates may be operated and retained in the desired
positions by any usual or convenient means such as by cords and pulleys, hooks, 5
friction pieces &c.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
First. In combination with a passage or opening through a wall or structure,
a division or directing plate or plates near one end of each passage or opening,
and a series of movable directing plates near the other end of such passage or
opening substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Second. In combination with a passage or opening through a wall or structure
a division or directing plate or plates near one end of such passage or opening,
and sectors pivotted transversely near the other end of such passage or opening,
the said sectors having transverse radial or nearly radial directing platos
attached thereto substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Third. A ventilator constructed with a division or directing plate or plates
near one end and transversely pivotted sectors, with transverse radial or nearly
radial directing plates attached thereto, near the other end substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
Fourth. A ventilator having transversely pivotted sectors with transverse
radial or early radial directing plates attached to such sectors substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
Fifth. A ventilator having transversely pivotted sectors with transverse radial
or nearly radial directing plates attached to such sectors one or more of such
directing plates being adjustable on pivots and either perforated or not substan-
tially as and for the purposes set forth.
Sixth. A ventilator having transversely pivotted sectors, transverse radial or
nearly radial directing plates attached to such sectors and auxiliary movable
perforated baffle plates substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Seventh. A ventilator having transversely pivotted sectors and radial or nearly
radial directing plates attached to such sectors one of such plates being loosely
hung on pivots and either perforated or not substantially as and for the pur-
poses set forth.