AN IMPROVED FILTER-PRESS APPLIED TO HYDRAULIC AND OTHER PRESSES FOR THE EXTRACTION OF OILS FROM SEEDS OR ANY OTHER MATTER
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Gedge, of No. 11, Wellington Street,
Strand, London, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for an Invention
of "AN IMPROVED FILTER-PRESS APPLIED TO HYDRAULIC AND OTHER PRESSES
FOR THE EXTRACTION OF OILS FROM SEEDS OR ANY OTHER MATTER."
communication from abroad by Hippolyte and Leon Laurent, Brothers, and
Amédée Collot, of Dijon (Côte d'Or), France.
A
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd January 1880.
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, London, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVED FILTER-PRESS APPLIED TO
HYDRAULIC AND OTHER PRESSES FOR THE EXTRACTION OF OILS FROM SEEDS OR ANY
OTHER MATTER." A communication from abroad by Hippolyte and Leon Laurent,
Brothers, and Amédée Collot, of Dijon (Côte d'Or), France.
Principle. This apparatus, which is a real metallic filter, has for object to do
away with the horse-hair cloths or oil bags used to contain the oleaginous seeds or
other matters during pressure, which bags cut at the folds, deteriorate very rapidly,
and the keeping of which in proper order is very expensive.
The principle of the apparatus is entirely based upon the use of moveable metal
plates juxtaposed, but with an infinitely small space left between them, and upon
the mode in which the said blades are fixed around a cast iron shell which serves
as sheath or casing; the manner in which the charging or filling, and especially the
discharging or emptying is operated is also quite special, and results from the
arrangement of the apparatus, the working or manoevering of which is rendered
simple, easy, and practicable.
Description. Sheet. I. of the accompanying two Sheets of Drawing represents in
elevation and in section, at Figs. 1 and 2, a hydraulic press to which this "filter-
press" is applied, and at Fig. 3 the apparatus brought again outside of the press at
the moment of charging or filling.
The apparatus is composed of three distinct parts.
1º. The shell A.

page_text: 1°. The shell A is of cast iron in one piece, and for simplicity of construction
formed of a circular section both inside and outside, but I would have it clearly
understood that it might be of any other suitable section. It is strengthened at
the lower part, where the final pressure will be greatest, by a hoop or band D of a
particular construction hereinafter described; its inner sides are hollowed or
recessed so as to form longitudinal and continous grooves a (see Sheet II.) following
the generatrix of the cylinder, and in the entire height of the shell. These grooves
are about 20 millimètres apart, and are produced in the casting; narrow in front
they swell out at the bottom, and are covered by juxtaposed plates b made of copper
or other metal of 3 or 4 millimètres in thickness.
These plates lay exactly the one against the other at their lower, centre, and
upper part for a length of about 20 millimètres; the intermediate parts are hollowed
so as to leave between them a space of about one fifth of a millimètre which forms
the filtering groove, and the reunion or assemblage of all the plates forms the filter
properly so called. The Figs. 5 and 6 (Sheet II.) represent in section the arrange-
ment of these plates, and the sections ST, QR, OP, show that they are chamfered
on the inside in order to further facilitate the running off or outflow; they are all
parallel to each other and free in the shell, only the two last being fixed, and the
last but one slightly conical serves as a wedge to tighten up the whole, which thus
forms a series of dismountable arches. The dismounting or taking to pieces may
in fact be very useful in the case of the grooves becoming obstructed by deposits of
matters, and where a cleaning is deemed useful. These plates may also be placed
on edge when a great outflow is necessary; in this case the fulcrums or bearings of
the plates instead of being vertical generatrices of the shell take a helicoidal form
(see Fig. 6), and this arrangement forms part of the Invention.
A ring or flange H of cast iron, turned, caps the upper part of the plates so as to
cover them completely and close the grooves; it is widened to permit a more easy
charging or filling. The shell A is turned interiorly before receiving the plates,
and after then fixing; in this way a polished surface and strictly cylindrical form
is obtained with certainty.
A plate F of sheet iron, and of cylindrical shape, forms the bottom of the shell
in which it is completely sunk. It is pierced with small holes to facilitate the
running off of the liquid, and it is jointed at C by a hinge in such wise that it may
form obturator by being held horizontally, and thus retain the matter deposited
upon it, or on the contrary fall vertically, and permit the cake which has been
formed to detach itself. The handle G forming bolt serves at the same time to lift
the plate F or to secure it, which makes the manoeuvre as simple as it is rapid.
The hoop or band D, made of wrought iron, calculated for the resistance encloses or
surrounds the shell, and must resist the whole of the pressure; it is enlarged
at K, K', to permit the introduction of two pins or spindles L and L', which are
united by two small connecting rods, one above the other below; one of the spindles
is brought out of centre and terminates by the branch M easily handled, the distance
of the rods may therefore be increased or lessened by means of this eccentricity,
and it will be understood that if the hoop or band, as well as the shell, is slit or
split between these enlargements the parts in contact may be tightened up or set
apart. Now experience has proved that a setting apart or sundering of a few
millimètres is sufficient to permit the matter powerfully compressed against the
sides and adhering thereto to slide or slip and be thus removed without trouble.
The object of this very simple system or arrangement is to do away completely with
the hinges, which play loose and, as experience has proved, are easily put out of
shape under great pressures; the elasticity of the hoop and of the shell in their
entire circumference thus form a very sure hinge, the distance to be traversed being
very small the limit of elasticity is not exceeded.
2°. The basin B is of cast iron, turned, and rests upon the piston of the hydraulic
press; it is provided with inclined and deep grooves going from the centre to the
circumference to ensure the running off of the liquid, which goes into a circular

page_text: gorge and finally to the neck; upon this basin rests the above described sheet iron
disc F, as also the shell.
3°. The fixed upper piston is placed under the cap of the press; it is of cast iron
turned, and has exactly the inner diameter of the shell so that it enters it with
gentle friction; its height is regulated by the stroke of the piston of the press.
Working. The shell may turn around one of the pillars or uprights as axle by
means of a socket N which embraces it; it may thus rest upon the basin of the press
where a stop-piece limits its journey, or extend outwards as shown at Fig. 3. The
workman may then by closing the shell and fitting thereto the wrought iron
bottom F deposit therein the matter to be pressed, then push the apparatus and set
the pump at work to operate the pressure. The extracted liquid runs off, and
when the pressure is over the workman permits the shell to lower again, and when
it is free from the piston draws it towards him to bring it out of the press and
work the bolt. The sheet iron bottom then gives way to occupy the vertical
position shown, Fig. 1; the cake falls to the ground directly the casing is partly
opened, and the apparatus is ready for another operation.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said William Edward Gedge in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th June
1880.
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, London, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVED FILTER-PRESS APPLIED TO
HYDRAULIC AND OTHER PRESSES. FOR THE EXTRACTION OF OILS FROM SEEDS OR ANY
OTHER MATTER." A communication from abroad by Hippolyte and Leon Laurent,
Brothers, and Amédée Collot, of Dijon (Côte d'Or), France.
Principle. This apparatus, which is a real metallic filter, has for its object to do
away with the horse-hair cloths or oil bags used to contain oleaginous seeds or
other matters during pressure, which bags cut at the folds deteriorate very rapidly,
and the keeping of which in proper order is very expensive.
The principle of the apparatus is entirely based upon the use of movable metal
plates juxtaposed, but with an infinitely small space left between them, and upon
the mode in which the said plates are fixed around a cast iron shell which serves
as sheath. or casing, the manner in which the charging or filling, and especially the
discharging or emptying, is operated is also quite special, and results from the
arrangement of the apparatus, the working or manoeuvring of which is rendered
simple, easy, and practicable.
Description.-Sheet 1 of the accompanying two Sheets of Drawing represents
in elevation and in section at Figures 1 and 2 a hydraulic press to which this
"filter press" is applied, and at Figure 3 the apparatus brought again outside of
the press at the moment of charging or filling.
The apparatus is composed of three distinct parts.
1°. The shell or casing A.
2°. The basin B upon which it rests.
3°. The fixed upper piston C forming fulcrum or bearing.
1°. The shell A is of cast iron in one piece, and for simplicity of construction
formed of a circular section both inside and outside, but I would have it clearly
understood that it might be of any other suitable section. It is strengthened at
the lower part, where the final pressure will be greatest, by a hoop or band D of a
particular construction bereinafter described; its inner sides are hollowed or recessed
so as to form longitudinal and continuous grooves a (see Sheet 2), following the
generatrix or generating line of the cylinder and in the entire height of the shell.
These grooves are about 20 millimètres apart and are produced in the casting;
narrow in front they swell out at the bottom, and are covered by juxtaposed
plates b made of copper or other metal of 3 to 4 millimètres in thickness.
These plates lay exactly the one against the other at their lower, centre, and
upper part for a length of about 20 millimetres; the intermediate parts are hollowed
so as to leave between them a space of about one fifth of a millimètre which forms
the filtering groove, and the reunion or assemblage of all the plates forms the
filter properly so called. The Figs. 5 and 6 (Sheet 2) represent in section the
arrangement of these plates, and the sections ST, QR, OP, show that they are
chamfered on the inside in order to further facilitate the running off or outflow;
they are all parallel to each other and free in the shell, only the two last being
fixed, and the last but one slightly conical serves as a wedge to tighten up the
whole, which thus forms a series of dismountable arches or curves. The dis-
mounting or taking to pieces may in fact be very useful in the case of the grooves
becoming obstructed by deposits of matters, and where a cleaning is deemed useful.
These plates may also be placed edgeways when a great outflow is necessary; in
this case the fulcrums or bearers of the plates instead of being vertical generatrices

page_text: of the shell, take a helicoidal form (see Fig. 6), and this arrangement forms part
of this Invention. A ring or flange H of cast iron turned caps the upper part of
the plates so as to cover them completely and close the grooves; it is widened to
permit a more easy charging or filling. The shell A is turned interiorly before
receiving the plates and after their fixing; in this way a polished surface and a
strictly cylindrical form is obtained with certainty.
;
A plate F of sheet iron and of cylindrical shape forms the bottom of the shell
in which is is completely sunk; it is pierced with small holes to facilitate the
running off of the liquid, and it is jointed at c by a hinge in such wise that it
may form obturator by being held horizontally, and thus retain the matter
deposited upon it, or on the contrary fall vertically and permit the cake which has
been formed to detach itself.
The handle G forming bolt serves at the same time to lift the plate F or to
secure it, which makes the manoeuvre as simple as it is rapid. The hoop or band D
made of wrought iron calculated for the resistance encloses or surrounds the shell,
and must resist the whole of the pressure; it is enlarged or has projections at
K, K', to permit the introduction of two pins or spindles L and L', which are
united by two small connecting rods 1, l', one above the other below; one of the
spindles is brought out of centre and terminates by a branch M. easily handled; the
distance of the rods may therefore be increased or lessened by means of this
eccentricity, and it will be understood that if the hoop or band, as well as the
shell, is slit or split between these enlargements the parts in contact may be
tightened up or set apart. Now experience has proved that a setting apart or
sundering of a few millimètres is sufficient to permit the matter powerfully
compressed against the sides and adhering thereto to slide or slip, and be thus
removed without trouble. The object of this very simple system or arrangement is
to do away completely with the hinges, which play loose, and, as experience has
proved, are easily put out of shape under great pressures; the elasticity of the
hoop and of the shell in their entire circumference thus forms a very sure hinge;
the distance to be traversed being very small the limit of elasticity is not
exceeded.
2°. The basin B is of cast iron turned, and rests upon the piston of the
hydraulic press; it is provided with inclined and deep grooves going from the.
centre to the circumference to ensure the running off of the liquid, which goes into
a circular gorge or groove, and finally to the neck or spout; upon this basin rests
the above described sheet iron disc F, as also the shell or casing.
3°. The fixed upper piston is placed under the cap of the press; it is of cast iron
turned, and has exactly the inner diameter of the shell so that it enters it with
gentle friction; its height is regulated by the stroke of the piston of the press.
Working. The shell may turn around one of the pillars or uprights as axle by
means of a socket N which embraces it; it may thus rest upon the basin of the
press, where a stop piece limits its journey, or extend outwards as shown at Fig. 3.
The workman may then by closing the shell and fitting thereto the wrought iron
bottom F deposit therein the matter to be pressed, then push the apparatus and
set the pump at work to operate the pressure. The extracted liquid runs off, and
when the pressure is over the workman permits the shell to lower again, and when
it is free from the piston draws it towards him to bring it out of the press and
work the bolt. The sheet iron bottom then gives way to occupy the vertical
position, shown Fig. 1; the cake falls to the ground directly the ring or circle is
slightly opened, and the apparatus is ready for another operation. .
. Having now described and ascertained the nature of the Invention communicated
to me as aforesaid, and in what manner the same is or may be performed, I desire
it to be understood that I do not confiue myself to the precise details of con-
struction herein before set forth and shown on the annexed Drawings, as such
may be modified while retaining the essential characteristics of this Invention,
nor do I limit myself in the choice of materials to be used in this construction, or

page_text: to any particular application of this apparatus, although I have herein specially
referred to its use for the extraction of oils, and that what-
I claim as secured to me by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent
is,―
The use of a filter press or pressing and filtering apparatus constructed and
arranged to operate substantially in the manner herein before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Gedge, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty fifth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.