IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF DYEING, SIZING, AND DRESSING YARNS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Todd, of Heywood, in the County of
Lancaster, Spinner and Manufacturer, for the Invention of “Im-
SIRINA AND DROOTNA VARN"
Sealed the 3rd December 1872, and dated the 29th June 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Todd at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th June 1872.
I, WILLIAM TODD, of Heywood, in the County of Lancaster, Spinner
and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF DYEING, SIZING, AND DRESSING YARNS,"
to be as follows:-
-
This Invention consists in dyeing, sizing, and dressing warps of cotton
and other fibres at one operation, whereas hitherto it has been necessary
to dye the yarns preparatory to sizing or dressing.
In carrying out my Invention I mix the dye with the size in any
sizing or dressing machine, the warp is brought to the machine on the

page_text: back beam and it is wound on the warp beam by friction as usual, and
in passing through the cistern containing the dye and size it is dyed
and sized or dressed, and wound on the warp beam ready for the loom
at one operation, or the same object can be obtained by passing the
warp yarn first through the dye, and then through the size or dressing,
the cisterns for the dye and the size or dressing being placed close to
each other, so that the warp yarn may pass through both in succession.
By means of these improvements time and labour are economised as
according to the old system, the dyeing and the sizing or dressing were
performed by separate processes, and the yarn had to be dried between
the two processes, I now accomplish the same by one operation.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Todd in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 26th December 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
TODD, of Heywood, in the County of Lancaster, Spinner and Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Todd, Her special licence, that
I, the said William Todd, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said William Todd, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time 'agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, 'and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, 'and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD
OF DYEING, SIZING, AND DRESSING YARNS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Todd, my executors, or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and

page_text: cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Todd, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say):
This Invention consists in dyeing, sizing, dressing, and winding on
beams ready for the loom warps of cotton and other fibres at one
operation, whereas hitherto it has been necessary to dye the yarns
preparatory to sizing or dressing.
In carrying out my Invention I mix the dye with the size in a cistern
forming part of the sizing or dressing machine, the warp is brought to
the machine on beams, and in passing through the cistern or cisterns
containing the dye and size it is dyed, sized, or dressed and wound on
the beam ready for the loom at one operation, or the same object can
be obtained by passing the yarn first through the dye and then thro gh
the size or dressing, the cisterns for the dye and the size or dressing
being placed close to each other, so that the yarn may pass through
both in succession.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying
Drawing which represents part of an ordinary dressing machine, to which
my improvements are applied.
a, a, are the warp beams forming part of the dressing machine, the
yarn from these beams passes over 'the guide roller b, and is then
immersed in the mordanting liquor contained in the trough c, by
passing under the roller d, the yarn is then taken between the squeezing
rollers e, by which the excess of mordant is squeezed out before it goes
to the dye vat f, into which the yarn is guided by passing over the
roller g, under the immersion roller h, and then between the squeezing
rollers i, i, by which the excess of dye material is squeezed out. The
yarn is then taken through the trough j, containing the size or a mixture
of size and colouring matter; the trough j is also provided with a guide
roller k, immersion roller 7, and squeezing rollers m, m.
The yarn after passing through the troughs e, f,j, will be thoroughly
impregnated with the requisite dye materials and size, and after passing

page_text: between the squeezing rollers m it is conveyed through the ordinary
reeds, and wound on a beam ready for the loom, as in ordinary dressing
machines.
In some cases the trough, containing the mordant may be dispensed
with, and the yarn is then only taken through the troughs f and j, and 5
for some purposes it may be sufficient to pass the yarn only through the
trough j.
I would also remark that my Invention may be applied to the ordinary
slashers or tape sizing machines.
The chief object and effect of my Invention is to economise time and ]
labour.
In preparing coloured warps it has heretofore been customary to make
the yarn into ball or chain warps in which state it is dyed and dried
and then sized and dried, and afterwards wound on beams ready for
the looms, whereas according to my improvements the yarn wound on :
beams in the ordinary manner is taken to the sizing or dressing machine
and dyed, sized, and dressed in succession and made ready for the loom
at one operation.
In witness whereof, I, the said, William Todd, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of December One
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