Improved Steam Engine.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 21st Dec., 1889
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
Improved Steam Engine.
I, VIRGIL WARREN BLANCHARD, a citizen of the United States of America, and
residing at Nos. 225 and 227 Sixth Avenue, New York City, in the County and State
of New York, U.S.A., Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention is an improvement in Steam Engines, and its object is to provide
an engine which will he capable of running at the highest speed under the greatest
steam pressure without friction and which will be automatically regulated so as to run
uniformly under varying and sudden changes of load, and to this end it consists in; the
novel construction of the engine cylinder, piston and rod and lubricating devices
therefor, the means for aligning the piston in the cylinder and supporting it and the
rod externally thereto, an improved piston rod packing in the stuffing boxes at the ends
of the cylinder, improved steam port and exhaust and governor valves, the means for
automatically governing and regulating the supply of steam, and means for reversing
the motion of the engine fly wheels, and an improved supporting frame; All of which
together with certain other novel details of construction and combination of parts will
he clearly understood from the following description taken in connection with the
accompanying drawings to which reference is had by letters and figures.
Figure 1 is a central vertical sectional view of my improved steam engine cylinder
and parts connected to and forming a part thereof, the supporting frame being broken
away. Figure 2 is an end view enlarged and partly in section of the adjustable slide-
ways for the piston rod. Figure three is a plan view of the slide-ways and cross-
head. Figure 4 is a sectional view of the stuffing box of the device for supplying
water to the. piston rod. Figure 5 is a detail view of the packing of the cylinder
shell. Figure 6 is a plan view of the engine complete, without its bed. Figure 7 is
a detail side elevation of the governor. Figure 8 is a perspective view illustrating the
construction of the engine bed, showing a bed for a duplex engine. Figure 9 is
an enlarged horizontal sectional view through one end of the piston cylinder and
stuffing box.
Figure 10 is a sido elevation of one of the cylinder head stuffing boxes. Figure 11
is a sectional view through the stuffing box, reduced, showing the devices for packing
the stuffing box with water. Figure 12 is a perspective detail of one of the packing
box halves. Figure 13 is a perspective view of one of said boxes. Figures 14 and 15 are
face and side views, of the packing rings. Figure 16 is a vertical central section
through one of my improved steam valves. Figure 17 is a transverse sectional view
of the same. Figure 18 is a detail view of the aligning devices for the piston rod.
Figure 19.is a face view of one of the cam-wheels. Figure 20 is a section through
said wheel enlarged on line - Figure 19. Figure 21 is a diagram of the cam
deflections in the groove of said wheel. Figure 22 is a horizontal sectional view of
the cam roller and its supporting devices. Figure 23 is a detail vertical sectional view
of the valve actuating devices. Figure 24 is a detail perspective view of the revers ng
mechanism.
I have shown a bed support for a duplex engine in the drawings and this consists
of a cast metal standard A having a broad base A' lateral strengthening ribs A², and
semi-cylindrical receptacles A³, which lie horizontally and at right angles to the length
of the standard and parallel. Each receptacle is adapted to receive an elongatel
concavo-convex shell, A' which is cast with strong ribs, A that abut against the ends
of receptacles A³, and in connection with bolts A' rigidly secure the shell A* to the
standard A.
A³ designates a standard which is constructed with a broad base a, vertical flanges a

page_text: strengthened by lateral ribs, and having at top a pair of journal bearings a², a², for
horizontal transverse shafts carrying the fly and cam-wheels hereinafter described.
a³, a³ are arches over the space between each pair of journal bearings, and bolted to
standard As, having enlarged hollow ends over said bearings, to permit the intro-
duction of half boxes a* thereunder as shown. Standards A, and A8, stand parallel
and are united rigidly together by means of hollow bars as the ends of which arc
flanged and abut against the respective standards as shown, and through each bar a
passes a steel rod a the extremities of which project through the webs of the standards
and are nutted as shown. Bars a serve as braces and rods af as ties giving a
substantial and rigid bed when the parts are properly united. If desired one
receptacle A³, and one pair of bearings a², could be dispensed with, where it is only
desired to run a single engine, and the standards modified accordingly. In addition
to the three tie rods and bars as shown, more might be employed, and if desired the
bars as could be braced or connected together at points intermediate between the
standards to ensure rigidity of the bed.
B designates the cylinder, composed of similar heads B₁, B¹, and a tube b which is
composed of steel, bronze or metal of a tensile strength sufficient to withstand an
'enormous pressure while not being very thick.
Each head B has a central projecting portion 132, forming an annular chamber B³
on the inner face thereof, and outside this chamber an annular seat B in which is
received the end of the tube b, and outside this seat is an annular flange or shoulder B
which abuts against a semi-annular flange B on the inner face of shell A*, and the
heads are also formed with port and exhaust apertures B7, B8, as shown. Tube is
secured between heads B¹, by means of tie rods and nuts which pass through
the cylinder heads, outside seats B4 as shown, and not only bind the tube to the
heads, but also assist in binding the heads in position on shell A by bringing
shoulders B against flange B of the shell, so that longitudinal strain on the cylinder
is transmitted to standard A. The heads may be bolted to the shell A to prevent
vertical movement thereon, soft metal packing rings 62 are preferably placed in
seats B to form tight joints between the heads B₁ and the tube b, as indicated in
figures 5 and 9. 63 indicates a semi-cylindrical cover fitted between heads B¹ and
over tube b, and having flanges at its ends by which it is bolted to similar flanges
on the edges of shell A*. It will be seen that a cylindrical space or chamber is
left around the tube b, which space I preferably fill with non-heat-conducting
packing, such as asbestos or mineral wool, and thereby prevent loss of heat by
exterior radiation from the cylinder. If air was being compressed in the cylinder,
this space might be supplied with water by connecting it with proper supply and
drain pipes so as to reduce the heat.
All the parts of the cylinder can be accurately dressed before.. putting together
and can be economically made.
C designates the piston rod passing axially through the tube and heads B¹, and
supported exterior to the cylinder and at each end thereof upon slide-ways C', by
means of cross heads (2. The slide-ways are each constructed alike, and are
supported on the ends of shell A' the extremities of which are formed into angular
side cheeks C³, C3, on which rest the angular slide-ways C, which are slotted trans-
versely at bottom and in these slots lie angular gibs C5, the outer ends of which
pass through openings in the cheeks C³ and are screw threaded and provided with
adjusting and locking nuts O, C as shown. The slide-ways C are vertically slotted
as at c, e in their outer faces and at points intermediate between the slots to receive
the angular gibs 0%, said slots being T-shaped in cross section, and in these slots
engage the enlarged heads of bolts c the threaded ends of which pass through
openings in the sides of cheeks and carry adjusting and locking nuts c², cas
shown. indicate bolts passing through slotted openings in the bottoms of cheeks (³.
care plates secured on top of slide-ways (by bolts and which prevent vertical
movement of the cross heads C¹ on said ways. The slide-ways can be vertically
adjusted independently of each other by gibs (and when adjusted, locked securely
by bolts c¹, e as shown.

page_text: D designates the piston which is mounted on rod C within the cylinder, being
This rod should be of
secured between a collar D¹, and nuts 2 on the rod.
adequate strength to carry the piston bodily within the cylinder without vibration.
If it is desired to lubricate the piston in the cylinder which however is not absolutely
necessary as the piston being carried by the rod does not impinge against the
tube bat any point, properly centered, I propose employing water packing, as
a valuable auxiliary and effect this as follows:-Piston D has an annular cavity D³
in its hub and a peripheral groove 1 communicating, with said cavity through a
series of radial passages D formed therein as indicated in the drawing. Cavity D³
communicates with a bore D in the piston rod C, which bore extends through
the rod outside the cylinder to one end thereof, where it is closed, but communi-
cates laterally through a collar D' with a short branch pipe Ds provided with a
regulating valve D This pipe communicates with, and is rigidly connected
to one end of a pipe that telescopes in a horizontal barrel supported upon
one extremity of the shell A* as indicated in the drawings, the movement of the piston
rod reciprocates pipe d in barrel d' as is evident, and this barrel is in communication
with a supply of water preferably taken from the boiler, through a pipe d²; pipe d
enters barrel through a stuffing box d³, constructed as follows:-The end
the barrel is screw-threaded, exteriorily, and has a conical bore in which is placed
a conical packing plug of soft metal such as babbitt, which surrounds pipe d.
This conical plug is compressed in its seat by a screw cap d' which engages the
end of barrel d, and this cap has a stuffing box d³ in its face in which is placed
a fibrous or granular packing which is compressed by a follower plate do, which
is adjustably connected to the cap by bolts and nuts. By this construction (as
shown in figure 4) a steam tight joint can be made between the pipe d and barrel,
capable of withstanding great pressure, and in which the fibrous packing is protected
from injury by steam and from blowing out by the metallic plug. In operation
the water admitted from barrel into rod Centers piston D and escapes to the
peripheral groove thereof, and forms an annular water packing between the
periphery of the piston and cylinder wall.
of
The openings in the heads of the cylinder through which the rod passes are of
larger diameter than the piston rod to allow the proper adjustment of the latter in
aligning the piston, and E, E are annular plates mounted on the rod within the cylinder
and seated in annular recesses Et in the cylinder heads, within chambers B³ thereof,
and secured to the heads by pins E' which pass through enlarged openings in the
plates as shown, so as to permit the latter to move laterally with the rod in aligning
the piston. These plates prevent any considerable leakage of steam through the piston
heads.
On the outer faces of heads B¹ and surrounding the central opening thereof, and the
piston rod, are stuffing boxes Es, these have an outer cylindrical wall, which is divided
horizontally, the upper part e being removable, and having side flanges and an end
flange as indicated in figure 10, by which it is bolted to the head and lower half e of
the walle, designate the similar halves of a cylindrical box in which the packing
rings are received, each half is interiorly grooved as at e³, forming when the halves
are united annular seats for the packing rings. The said box has an axial bore
through it of larger diameter than rod C and is centered in box E by means of a
metal filling e as shown. 6, es are the packing rings, which are made in halves
united by locking joints and bolts e as shown in figures 14 and 15 so that they can be
fitted accurately on rod C. In the outermost channel in box e' is seated the flanged
inner end of a stuffing annulus e' which is also divided longitudinally, and extends
through the end of the stuffing box as shown in figure 9. The extended end of said
annulus has a conical bore around the piston rod in which is placed a conical packing e
of soft metal, which is compressed by a cap e which screws onto the threaded end of
the stuffing box as shown.
The lower half box e? is first placed in the lower half e of the stuffing box, top el
being removed; the piston and rod being properly centered, rings e four in number
as shown, are d fitted onto the rod at each side of the cylinder and engaged with their

page_text: '
:
respective annular seats in half boxes e forming: tight joints with the lateral walls
thereof, but not touching the peripheries of said groovesias indicated in figure.9.
The half boxes & are then properly adjusted in relation to the rings and molten metal,
preferably babbitt, is poured around the same which when cold securely binds the half
box accurately in position. The lower half of annulus e is also put in place at the
same time that rings e are located, said annulus being permitted a lateral movement
also to accommodate the alignment of the rod. The upper half of each annulusie and
halvese are then put in place, then the upper part e¹ of the stuffing box wall is bolted
in place, a packing of suitable material being placed between the joints thereof, and
the space between it and the upper half is filled with molten metal through a suitable
opening thus have a metal packed stuffing box, absolutely steam tight and in
which there is ample provision for expansion of the metals, and wherein the piston rod
is permitted sufficient lateral play to effect the proper alignment thereof.
If desired I lubricate the packing and still further ensure a tight stuffing by the use
of water, which is introduced into the central cavity in halves e within boxes E by
means of pipes E, E leading from a water tank E7, the heat of the piston rod causes
the water to circulate through the box, and may vaporize a small portion of it which
is carried by capilliary attraction along with the rod and through the rings in sufficient
quantities to lubricate the rod and prevent wear thereof.
F, F designate index plates mounted in front of the stuffing boxes E by means of
arms F, F which are bolted at rear to the sides of said boxes as shown. F, are
spiders mounted on the piston rod outside of the cylinder, and having curved. index
fingers F3, and by the coincidence of these fingers with lines F on plates F, as shown
in figure 18 the engineer can determine at a glance whether the piston is in alignment,
if the parts were properly adjusted at the start.
G, G, G¹, G¹ are the inlet and exhaust valves, and G2, the governor valve, which
are constructed alike, so that a description of one will answer for all. Referring to
figures 16 and 17, G designates the casing of one of these valves, having an inlet G³
and an outlet Garranged in different horizontal planes, and closed by a cover G³
provided with a stuffing box Go through which passes the valve stem g suitably packed.
Within the cylindrical cavity of the casing below the inlet port G³ is seated a stationary
cup-shaped valve seat H the wall of which is pierced by narrow radial slots 'arranged
at regular intervals and in the walls of the casing outside this cup is formed an annular
channel G which communicates with outlet G. The wall of seat H is formed with a
slight taper as shown and the bottom is centrally perforated for the passage of the
valve stem and provided with a stuffing box H around said stem. The seat H is
Supported by radial flanges upon annular shoulders in the casing, and is packed to
make steam tight joints, so that steam can only pass through slots into channel G.
designates the valve also cup-shaped and made slightly conical as. shown to fit
accurately and closely within scat H. and has internal strengthening ribs 8 and is
centered and mounted on stem g leaving a slight space between its bottom and the
bottom of the seat to permit vertical adjustment of the valve. The wall of valve his
slotted vertically as at and these slots should be made with relation to slots g¹ so as
to register accurately therewith so that by a very slight movement of the valve a large
steam opening is presented. The ribs between the slots in the valve close the slots g'
in the seat when the valve is properly shifted. The rib between the slots gl of the
seat are preferably channeled interiorily as indicated at 2 both to present a minimum
of frictional surface and also to permit a quicker and more even expansion of the
valve seat by the heat of the steam in the casing. The valve stem is supported at
bottom upon the end of an adjusting screw cup H mounted in a depending bracket H
attached to the lower end of the casing as shown and by turning this screw the valve
can be adjusted to its seat with the greatest accuracy. ³ is an arin on the upper end
of the valve stem by which it is operated. Openings are made in the bottom of
so that the pressure above and below it will be equal.
cup
h
The valves G, G, are connected to the respective inlet ports of the cylinder as indi-
cated in figure 6, and their inlet ports G³ are connected to a branch steam pipe I,
receiving steam from the governor valve G? which is supplied with steam from a

page_text: boiler through a pipe Y¹. The exhaust valves G¹, G₁are connected to the exhaust
ports of the cylinder, and to an exhaust pipe i.
The four valves G, G, G', G', are operated simultaneously by means of a four-
armed spider J which is centrally pivoted on top of the cylinder and each arm of which
is pivotally connected by a rod J with an arm g³ of each valve stem, whereby motion
imparted to the spider rocks all the valves simultaneously. J designates a bracket
rising from spider J. and having its top bar longitudinally slotted. J³ designates a
rod adjustably connected to bracket J in the slot thereof, said rod being reciprocated
at the proper moment by means hereinafter described, to shift the spider. J' desig
nates a lever pivoted at, one end on a bracket J rising from the rear of the
cylinder and extending forward past the spider and resting on a bracket Jo secured to
the front of the cylinder. J' is a link connecting lever J₁ and rod J³ so that by
shifting the lever the rod J³ may be shifted to either end of bracket J, and hence the
oscillations of the spider in respect to the actuating mechanism of rod J³ is reversed,
and consequently the motion of the engine shaft is reversed also. The lever J is
retained in either position by notches JB in bracket Jº.
K, 9, designate crank wheels keyed on the main shaft, wheel K has a cam-
groove K¹ in its surface. This groove is concentric to the axis of the wheel as shown
in figure 19 and a concentric recess K is formed at the inner side of the groove,
extending about two-thirds of, the circumference thereof, and a similar recess [K³ is
made in the outer edge of said groove, diametrically opposite to recess: K2, but
extending about two-thirds the length of the groove, so that the extremities of these
recesses pass each other at diametrically opposite points, as shown in figure 19. In
recess K³ is placed an adjustable packing strip K secured therein by screws or in
other suitable manner, and in recess K³ is a similar strip K³; by means of these strips
the proper contour is given to the cam-groove, and at the points where they overlap
are made the cam deflections by slightly adjusting the ends of the strips inward, as
indicated in the diagram figure 21.
k designates a cam roller, running in groove K' and mounted on a slide which
moves in suitable supports on a bracket suitably supported in close proximity to the
face of wheel K. This cam wheel, is preferably made with a hub journaled on a
stub attached to slide j, an exterior rubber annulus 3, a wrapping k* of non-heat-
conducting material, and a steel tire ; this construction gives a cushioned wheel
which runs smoothly and steadily in the cam-groove and insures a smooth motion
to the slide j.
Slide has a lateral arm which is pivotally connected to the lower end of a
lever that is pivoted on an upstanding arm rising from bracket j' as shown, the
upper end of lever is connected to the end of rod J³ and imparts motion thereto,
and hence to the cylinder valves. As but little movement of rod J³ is required to
work the valves, very slight cam deflections are necessary in the cam-groove of
wheel K and the movement required for slide j can be made scarcely perceptible by
proper adjustment of the parts, hence there will be very little jar in the valve action.
J' is an adjustable spring by which slide j can be forced inward to cause roller k to
bear against the inner side of the cam-groove at all times.
L figure 7 designates the frame of my governor having upstanding arms L' rising
from the base-plate L and united at top to form a bearing L³ for the upper part
of the vertically movable spindle M, and N is a bevel gear-wheel running loosely on
spindle M and supported on the base-plate, and having ears N' N¹ on its upper
surface in which are pivoted the angular arms N2, N2 carrying adjustable governor
balls N3 on their upper ends, and having their lower ends bent laterally inward and
engaging a peripheral groove in a spool M¹ secured to spindle M, so that the
divergence of the governor balls owing to centrifugal force imparts a vertical move-
inent to spindle M, the divergence of the balls varying with the speed of rotation of
gear N.
M² designates a spring on spindle M adapted to force the spindle down-
ward. M³ are weights which are placed on the upper end of the spindle assisting
the spring in counteracting the effect of the governor balls. O designates a link

page_text: passing freely through a slot in spindle M below spring. M; and 01, 0° are links
pivoted to the ends of link O and forming a toggle joint therewith, link O' is pivoted
to a car on one arm L, but link is pivotally connected to the end of a rod 13 the
end of which is supported in a bearing. L in one arm L', and the other end. of said
rod is connected to the arm of the stem of valvo G2 as shown in figure 6..
and
P designates a bevel gear meshing with gear N and mounted on the end of a
shaft P1 suitably journaled in proper bearings in one arm L' and in a support P³,
P2 is a bevel gear on the other end of said shaft meshing with a gear P³ on the
main shaft as shown in figure 6, by which motion is imparted from the main shaft
to the governor balls.
Steam from the boiler enters valve G through Pipe 1' and from thence escapes
into the cylinder through valves G, G. Motion being communicated from the main
-shaft to gear N as described, the motion of the latter causes a divergence of the balls
and lifting of spindle M as described, which through the toggles and connecting
rod 12 begins to close the valve G2, until the spring and weight exactly counterpoise
the centrifugal tendency of the balls. Whatever may be the rapidity of motion of
the engine shaft at the moment an equilibrium is established between the combined
resistance of spring and weight, and the centrifugal tendency of the balls, such
motion will continue to be maintained with perfect uniformity however rapidly or
excessively the load upon the engine may be varied. By varying the amount of
weights the speed of the engine may be varied.
From the foregoing it will be seen that I have an automatically governed
engine both simple in construction, and perfect in operation, and owing to the
peculiar construction of parts, and the special adaption of each to its required
-service, I am enabled to run at greater speed with a higher pressure, and hotter
steam than has been heretofore possible, or practicable without strain or appreciable
wear on the parts.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is-
1. In a steam engine, the combination with the annularly recessed heads and the
thin tube confined between the same; of a semi-cylindrical flanged supporting shell
-sustaining the heads, substantially as described.
2. The combination of the tube, the annularly shouldered and recessed heads
having inlet and outlet steam passages fitted on the ends of said tube, and the
confining bolts therefor; with the supporting shell for said heads, and a nou-
conducting filling between the tube and casing surrounding the same, substantially as
described.
3. The combination of the tube A and the annular casing thereof with the
cheads B' B having boxes E, E³, and the piston and piston rod, all as specified.
4. A piston rod packing for the stuffing boxes of steam engine cylinders, consisting
of packing rings applied in annular cavities in combination with means for cou-
ducting a current of water or other fluid through a cavity between the rings,
substantially as described.
5. The combination with the stuffing box, of the cylindrical box centered and
secured therein by a babbitt or soft metal filling, substantially as specified.
6. The combination of the stuffing box, the cylindrical interiorily channeled box
secured therein, and the packing rings resting in the annular cavities of the latter
.box, and the stuffing annulus e' constructed substantially as described.
7. The combination of the stuffing box having horizontally divided walls, and the
divided packing rings and longitudinally divided cylindrical annularly grooved box,
..constructed and arranged substantially as specified.
a
8. The combination with the stuffing box and the stuffing annulus e³ having
-conical bore, with the conical packing and the screw cap, constructed and arranged
substantially as set forth.
:
9. The combination with the stuffing box having a conically bored extension at its

page_text: end; with the conical soft metal stuffing ring the screw cap engaging threads on the
stuffing box for tightening said conical ring, and also having an auxiliary stuffing box
in its extremity for the purpose and substantially as described.
10. The combination in a piston rod packing of the cylindrical annularly grooved
box e, e, the packing rings es, es, annulus e, and the plug e, substantially as
described.
11. The combination of the cylinder head and piston rod, with the annular plate E,.
substantially as set forth.
12. The combination in a piston rod packing, of the half boxes e³, e³, the packing e*,
the packing rings e, packing annulus e', plug e, and the screw cap for compressing.
said plug, all constructed and arranged substantially as described.
13. In combination with slide-ways which are vertically and transversely adjustable,.
means substantially as described for adjusting and locking said slide-ways, for the
purpose specified.
14. The combination of the adjustable slide-ways with laterally adjustable screw
bolts and end wise adjustable gibs, substantially as described.
15. The combination of the spider connected to the inlet and exhaust valves of a
steam engine cylinder; with the slotted plate connected to said spider, the connecting
rod loosely engaging said plate and the devices for shifting said rod, all constructed
and arranged substantially as described.
16. The combination of the engine cylinder, its inlet and exhaust valves and the
spider pivoted on said cylinder and connected to the stems of the valves by rods J¹,
with the slotted plate J2, rod J³, connected thereto, the lever J and the link connection
between said lever and rod J³, all for the purpose described.
17. The combination in a steam engine of a cylinder, its inlet and exhaust ports and
the cam-grooved wheel on the main shaft, the roller playing in said groove, the slide
actuated thereby and the connecting rod actuated by said slide; with the spider
mounted on the cylinder and link connections between the arms thereof and the valves
and the slotted plate supported by said spider, and the adjustable link connections
between the same and the connecting rod substantially as described.
18. The herein described crank-wheel having an annular groove in its face, in com-
bination with diametrically opposite segments secured to said wheels and forming parts
of the walls of said groove, substantially as specified.
19. A crank-wheel for the purpose described having a cam-groove with eccentric
deflections formed by inserteil segments, substantially as specified.
20. The combination with the crank-wheel having an annular groove in its face, of
the removable segments secured in diametrically opposite recesses in the face of the
wheel, respectively on the inner and outer sides of said groove, as and for the purpose
specified.
21. The combination with the crank-wheel having an annular cam-groove in its
face substantially as described, of the roller k, having a yielding annular core k³,
a non-conducting layer, exterior to said core, and a metal tire ³, substantially as
specified.
22. The combination of the valve box constructed substantially as described, and a
removable cup shaped valve seat therein laterally perforated, and the cup shaped valve
laterally perforated and fitted to said seat, and the vertically adjustable valve stem
carrying said valve, all constructed substantially as described.
23. The combination of the valve casing having an internal annular channel, an inlet
port above said channel and an outlet port from said channel, with a cup shaped valve
seat H, constructed substantially as described, supported in said casing and slitted,
substantially as described, and a cup shaped slitted valve fitted in said seat and the
adjustable valve stem carrying said valve, all substantially as described.
24. The combination of the valve casing and cup shaped slitted valve seat therein;.
with the cup shaped slitted valved M fitted in said seat having strengthening ribs h³, h³,
and the valve stem, all substantially as described.
25. The combination of the valve casing having channel Gi and annular flanges.
and inlet and outlet ports, substantially as described, the conical slitted valve seat H.

page_text: fitted in said casing and the conical slitted valve fitted to said seat and having openings
in its bottom; with the valve stem carrying said valve, the stuffing boxes therefor, and
the bracket H2 and an adjustable oil cup H, all substantially as described.
26. The combination of a cylinder in which works a piston, with a piston rod which
extends through stuffing boxes in the cylinder heads, and the adjustable slide-ways for
the cross heads on the extremities of the piston rod, all substantially as described.
27. The combination of a cylinder and a piston rod which is supported at both
ends by adjustable slide-ways, with indicators on said rod, substantially as described.
28. The combination of the cylinder and the piston rod extending through
both cylinder heads and bearing indicators F2, slide-ways for supporting the cross
heads of the piston rods, and means for adjusting said slide-ways, all substantially as
described.
29. An engine bed consisting of two standards strengthened and connected
together substantially as described, in combination with the concave receptacle on one
standard, and the shell supported on said receptacle, substantially as described..
30. The combination of a standard having a shell secured to it, an arched standard
provided with journal boxes for, the main shaft of an engine, and the connecting,
bracing and tie rods, substantially as described.
..
31. In a governor for steam engines the combination of the vertically movable
spindle, the toggle joint loosely connected to said spindle, and the connection between
the joint and the main steam valve, with the upright arins mounted on a rotatable
support and carrying the governor balls and the means for transmitting motion from
the main shaft of the engine to said support, substantially as described.
32. The combination with a vertically movable spindle the upright arms mounted
on a rotatable support and loosely engaging the lower end of said spindle, and the
governor balls on the said arms, all substantially as described.
33. In a steam engine governor the combination of a rising and falling spindle, a
toggle joint connection between said spindle and the main steam valve, a spring and
weight applied to said spindle and governor balls mounted on upstanding pivoted
arms, all constructed and adapted to operate substantially as described.
Dated this 30th day of September 1889.
VIRGIL WARREN BLANCHARD.