Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 9th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification 'Accepted, 25th May, 1889
JOHN WILLIAMS of 52 Caechwarrel Caerllwyngrydd in the parish of Llanllechid
in the County of Carnarvon Quarryman do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The nature of the said Invention consists in the action of steam upon fixed and
unfixed sections, through which in connection together I can secure strength 'and
velocity. For this purpose I place a wheel on the top of which there is a square
groove, wherefore, I call Steam Grooved Wheel, the magnitude of the groove depends
on the magnitude of the wheel. Inside the Steam Grooved Wheel I fix the slide in a
suitable position, which is to be ruled by outward connection, which I call Grooved
Plates. I place a Case about the Steam Grooved Wheels, which is made up in two
parts, the lower part and the upper part. Inside the Case, there is two small grooves
for special purpose. The steam ports, through which the steam goes in and out of the
Steam Grooved Wheel are on the top of the upper part of the Case. Inside the upper
part of the Case, on the centre, I attach a suitable piece of the same width and depth
as the groove of the Steam Grooved Wheel, which I call Separator. The slide which
I fix in the Steam Grooved Wheel passes under the Separator, by going up to the top
of the groove, this is caused by the small curve in the groove of the Grooved Plates.
I attach two cranks, one on each end of the spindle of the slide, the pins of the cranks
operates in the groove of the Grooved Plates. When the Steam Grooved Wheel
turns, the pins of the cranks by going up and down, in the curve of the groove of the
Grooved Plates, effects in the same manner on the slide. After the slide will go up
to the top of the groove of the Steam Grooved Wheel, the steam will go down to the
aperture between the slide and the Separator. The steam will not pass the Separator
because it fills the groove. Also, the steam will not pass the slide, as it fills the
groove in the same manner as the Separator. The said parts connected with each
other is the chief point of the steam operation, and which I use to correspond in
purpose with cylinders in common use. I place two Steam Grooved Wheels to work
on the same axis, with two valves, one on the top of each Case. Also, I place four
Grooved Plates, two belonging to each Steam Grooved Wheel, which I lay on each

page_text: side of the Cases. On the top of one of the Valves, I lay the discharger Valve to
receive and loose the steam from the boiler. Also, I place a pipe to conduct the
steam from one Steam Grooved Wheel to the other with another pipe to conduct the
waste steam out.
Dated this 17th day of December 1888
I, JOHN WILLIAMS of 52 Caechwarrel Caerllwyngrydd in the parish of Llanllechid,
in the County of Carnarvon, Quarry-man, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improvement in the construction of steam engines,
and consists in utilizing the action or power of steam upon fixed and unfixed sections,
by which means, great power and velocity are obtained.
And in order that my invention may be well understood and carried into practice,
I will describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
similar letters are used to indicate corresponding parts throughout.
Figures 1 to 6 shew details of construction; Figures 7 to 10 show different views
of some of the parts fitted together, and Figure 11 is a perspective view of the
invention when complete.
According to this invention I construct a wheel A¹ of suitable diameter and form a
rabbet or groove B thereon extending round the entire circumference of the wheel,
the side flanges A being provided with smaller flanges C as shown in Figures 1
and 4. This wheel is provided with a radial slot D within which works a piston F.
passing transversely through the wheel A¹ and provided with pins F¹ which project
slightly beyond each side of the wheel A¹, the piston F being kept in position by the
pieces E (see Fig. 2) which when placed in position serve to make the flanges A and C
continuous. Figures 1 and 4 are respectively front and side elevations of the wheel A
and Figure 3 is a side elevation of the piston F. The wheel A is rigidly affixed to a
spindle T (see Fig. 11) passing through the case H and is actuated by the admission
of steam through the ports I I, to the rabbet or groove B and piston F whose radial
movement is controlled by the grooved plate M shown in elevation in Figure 6.

page_text: Figure 5 shews in perspective the upper part of the case H in which I I are the
steam ports, L L flanges to connect the two parts of the case together, K is the
groove in the case H within which groove works, the flanges A and C of the wheel A¹
and the end of the piston F, and J J are bolt holes for securing the grooved plate M
shewn in Figure 6. This grooved plate M is rigidly affixed to the case H by bolts
passing through the bolt holes J, and is preferably made in two pieces as shewn in
Figure 6, but may be made in one piece if desired. A groove O is cut in the face of
the plate and is circular in form with the exception of a depressed arch or curve O'
as shewn in Figure 6. One of these plates M is fixed on each side of the wheel A¹
and pins R connected by the rods S to the pins F¹ of the piston F take into the
grooves O. When the pins R enter the depressed arch or curve O' the piston will be
drawn within the radial slot D thus allowing the piston F to pass under the web or
separator W fixed to the case H as shewn in Figures 8, 9, and 10, which said web
or separator W accurately fits the rabbet or groove B. The pin R is also attached to
a lever pivoted at Q₁ to the face of the wheel A' whereby the pin F¹ is caused to
move within the slot D in a straight line. Figure 7 is an elevation_shewing the
wheel A¹ and grooved plate M and their attachments affixed to the case H. Figure 8
is a section on the line x x Figure 7. Although I have so far described the invention
with reference to one wheel A¹ only, I wish it to be understood that two or more of
these wheels may be used on the same axis as found convenient. Figure 9 is a partly
sectional elevation on the line y y Figure 8, and shews the position of the ports and
valves for the admission and egress of steam.
Figure 10 is a similar arrangement as applied to the next wheel A' where more
than one is used, and where the ports are connected together so that the exhaust from
one wheel A' becomes the admission steam of the next, and also shews that
the steam may enter through the admission valve e or through the exhaust X as
desired.
The general arrangement of the Engine is shewn in Figure 11. Steam is admitted
by the pipe e and passes through the valve and over the slide valve y and impinges
against the side of the piston F as shewn by the arrows in Figures 9 and 10. This
piston is accurately fitted within the rabbet or groove B and the groove K on the
inside of the case H so that steam may not escape. The pressure of the steam on the
piston rotates it and the wheel A¹ within the case H thereby imparting rotary motion
to the spindle T which may be supplied with a fly wheel or other means of storing up
momentum whereby the piston will be carried over the exhaust and past the web or
separator W. As it rotates the piston F is drawn within the slot D as has been
already explained thus allowing it to pass under the separator, the depressed arch or
curve O¹ and the slot D being of the same depth as the web or separator W. The
steam then escapes through the exhaust X whence it is passed by the pipe X¹ either
into the exhaust of the next wheel, or into the admission valve as found convenient,
its action in the second or other wheels being exactly the same. The valves for
the admission and egress of steam are actuated by the levers t and a shewn in
Figure 11, and they are stationary while the engine is at work. It will be seen
that the wheels will work in either direction according to the position of the valves.
fis the frame to which the cases H containing the wheel A' are fixed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
(1). The construction of the slotted wheel A¹ with radial piston F therein,
combined and operating substantially as and for the purpose herein before set forth
and illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 and 7 to 10 of the accompanying drawings.
(2). In combination with the wheel A' with a radial piston therein, the grooved
case H with web or separator W, and steam ports I, substantially as and for the
purpose herein before set forth and illustrated in Figures 5, 7, 8, 9 and 10 of the
accompanying drawings.

page_text: (3). The grooved plates M for the purpose of controlling the movement of a radial
piston substantially as described and illustrated.
(4). My improved rotary engine constructed arranged and operating substantially
in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 9th day of April 1889.
CASTLE SMITH,
Per F. W. Golby,
"Invention" Office, 54, Fleet Street, London, E.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.