IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP
Year: 1848

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, LEON
CASTELAIN, of Myddelton Street, Clerkenwell, in the County of Middlesex,
late of Paulton Square, in the same County, Chemist, send greeting.
time
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster,
the Eleventh day of July, in the twelfth year of Her reign, did give
and grant unto me, the said Leon Castelain, my exors, adiñiors, and assigns,
Iler especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said
Leon Castelain, my cxors, admiors, and assigns, and such others as I, the
said Leon Castelain, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, should at any agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exer-
cise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP;" in
which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that I, the said
Leon Castelain, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Leon Castelain, do hereby declare that the nature of my Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-

page_text: My Invention consists of applying gum carragan or Irish moss, or other
moss of a like character, together with water and salt, in the manufacture of
soap.
And in order that the Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the means pursued by me. For
every one hundred and twelve pounds weight of the gum carragan or Irish
moss, I employ about six hundred and seventy-two gallons of water, which being
brought to a state of ebullition in a vessel by steam pipes, or other convenient
means, the gum carragan or Irish moss is then to be introduced, and the vessel
covered; the contents of the vessel are to be well stirred for about ten minutes,
then the matters are to be caused to boil slightly for about five minutes. The
steam is then to be shut off, and the gum or moss is to be allowed to stand or
macerate for three hours, stirring slightly at intervals of about twenty minutes.
Thé combined matters are then to be drawn off by a cock at the lower part of
the vessel, and strained through basket work which will retain the larger
pieces of moss. The liquid is next to be filtered or strained through horse-hair
cloth, so as to remove any small pieces of the moss. The liquid thus obtained
is run into a vessel in which has been placed the quantity of salt to be
employed, which is at the rate of four ounces of salt to each gallon of the
liquid; the salt being first reduced or broken down into powder. These
matters are then to be stirred briskly until the salt is dissolved. The salt I
employ by preference is that made from sea-water, as I believe it better for the
purpose than that made from rock salt or brine. The mixture thus obtained is
then to be combined with soap, and they should at the time of mixing be at as
nearly the same temperature as may be. I cause the soap to be run into
the "frames," and I then gradually introduce the mixture, stirring the whole
well as the mixture is introduced; and I use at the rate of one ton of the
mixture to five tons of soap; but this may be varied. I would stato that I
have not found it desirable to employ the mixture when manufacturing mottled
soap and soft soap.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I would remark that I do not confine myself to
the details herein described; but what I claim is the application of gum
carragan or Irish moss, and other moss of a like character, together with salt
and water, in the manufacture of soap.
In witness whereof, I, the said Leon Castelain, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.
L. CASTELAIN. (1.2.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eleventh day of January, in
the year of our Lord 1849, the aforesaid Leon Castelain came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enroled the Eleventh day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.