IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS OR APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1885

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
We, JOHN FULLER SHALLIS, Engineer and THOMAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS,
Engineer both of No 54 Minories in the City of London do hereby declare the
nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS OR APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING
RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES" to be as follows:-
In the specification of a former patent granted to us under date 16 August 1881
No 3564 we described a kind of lamp or lighting apparatus comprising a combustion
chamber, a burner or burners projecting through and into the same, a transparent
or translucent diaphragm closing the bottom of the said chamber, and a reflecting
chamber or annular reflector arranged below the said combustion chamber.
Now according to our present invention the burner is arranged to project
through the transparent diaphragm or division arranged above the reflector
chamber below which a transparent bowl is provided that forms a lower enclosed
chamber.
The reflecting chamber is provided with openings for air to support combustion.
Or, according to a modification the diaphragm is dispensed with, so that instead of
a combustion chamber separated from the lower chamber the two are thrown into.
one. The burner or burners is or are introduced through the wall of the upper part
of the chamber, which part with burner cone or cones, is made removeable to
afford ready access to the burner or burners for trimming or other purposes.
Around the lower portion of the chamber in this arrangement is the reservoir or
receptacle for oil or spirit enclosed in a casing furnished with an opening or
openings for inlet of air and an opening or openings to admit of its passing out
of the casing.
In some cases the air may pass from the casing into the carriage
compartment, or room to be lighted. Air is thus caused to circulate about the
reservoir or receptacle and to cool it, or the air necessary to support combustion
may be caused to pass through an opening or openings in the casing and circulate
about the reservoir. or receptacle and cool it, the air afterwards passing into the
interior of the lamp or lantern to the burner.
Dated this 2nd day of February 1885.

page_text: We, JOHN FULLER SHALLIS, Engineer, and THOMAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS,
Engineer, both of N° 54 Minories, in the City of London, do hereby declare the
nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS OR APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING
RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES" and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
In the specification of a former patent granted to us under date 16 August 1881
No 3564 we described a kind of lamp or lighting apparatus comprising a combustion
chamber a burner or burners projecting through and into the same, a transparent
or translucent diaphragm closing the bottom of the said chamber, and a reflecting
chamber or annular reflector arranged below the said combustion chamber.
Now according to our present invention the burner is arranged to project
through the transparent diaphragm or division arranged above the reflector
chamber below which a transparent bowl is provided that forms a lower enclosed
chamber.
The reflecting chamber is provided with openings for air to support combustion.
Or, according to a modification the diaphragm is dispensed with, so that instead of
a combustion chamber separated from the lower chamber the two are thrown into
The burner or burners is or are introduced through the wall of the upper
part of the chamber, which part with burner cone or cones. is made removable to
afford ready access to the burner or burners for trimming or other purposes.
one.
Around the lower portion of the chamber in this arrangement is the reservoir
or receptacle for oil or spirit enclosed in a casing furnished with an opening or
openings for inlet of air and an opening or openings to admit of its passing out of
the casing. In some cases the air may pass from the casing into the carriage
compartment or room to be lighted. Air is thus caused to circulate about the.
reservoir or receptacle and to cool it, or the air necessary to support combustion may
be caused to pass through an opening or openings in the casing and circulate about
the reservoir or receptacle and cool it, the air afterwards passing into the interior
of the lamp or lantern to the burner.
Referring to the accompanying 3 sheets of illustrative drawings Fig 1 shews in
vertical section a lamp according to this invention and Figs 2 and 3 illustrate, also
in vertical section, two other arrangements.
Referring to Fig 1 a is a combustion chamber, b a reflecting, chamber, ca
transparent or translucent diaphragm or division arranged above the reflector
chamber, and d a transparent bowl below the same. e is a burner of annular form
arranged to project through the diaphragm or division c into the combustion
chamber. e¹ is the burner, cone. f. fare tubes for supplying oil or spirit to the
burner from an annular reservoirg; they also serve to support the burner and
burner cone.
h. h are openings in the lamp case or cover h¹ to admit air to support
combustion and i is an annular plate to deflect upward incoming air. j. jare

page_text: openings in the reflector chamber through which part of the air passes to the burner
as indicated by arrows. k. k are openings in the combustion chamber through
which a further portion of air passes, as indicated, to aid combustion.
.
The combustion chamber a, and its chimney a¹ are supported by an annular
shelf or gallery which carries the transparent diaphragm or division c. The
shelf or gallery is supported by the top of the reflector chamber which is
provided with a flange or raised edge m that forms a recess for its reception. The
reflector chamber is carried by the annular reservoir g which rests upon the bowl d.
By arranging the parts a. c and g as hereinbefore described and as shown in the
drawings they may be removed or replaced either together or successively. If
desired, the bowl & may be dispensed with.
In the modifications shown in Figs 2 and 3, the diaphragm or division c herein-
before described with reference to Fig 1, is dispensed with, so that the combustion
chamber a and reflector chamber b are thrown into one. e is a burner extending
through the side or wall of the said combustion chamber, and e¹ is the burner cone
which is secured to the side of the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber
rests at n upon a ledge o so that it and the burner cone e¹ may be readily removed
to afford access to the burner e for trimming or other purpose. The casing o¹ carries
the annular reservoir g and. the combustion chamber b and has a bearing upon a
ring p within the lamp case. By lifting the casing o' it and the attached parts may
be readily removed from or replaced within the lamp case.
In the arrangement shown in Fig 2 the air to support combustion is admitted
into the lamp case by openings tas in one of the forms of lamp described in the
hereinbefore mentioned former specification, the course of the air to the burner
being clearly indicated by the arrows. The air admitted through the openings r,
when the vehicle to which the lamp is applied, is in motion passes downward and
circulates nearly wholly around the reservoir ġ thus cooling it, and then escapes
through lower holes u in the case q into the carriage, or chamber that is being
lighted, as indicated by the arrows.
When the lamp is stationary the course of the air circulating around the
reservoir g will be the reverse of that indicated on the drawings.
The upper portion of the lamp case q is similar in construction to that of one of
the lamps described and shown in the said former specification.
In the arrangement shown in Fig 3 the outer lamp case q is provided with an
inner concentric fixed case ql which forms therewith an annular space to which air,
to support combustion is admitted through openings in the case q. The air so
admitted circulates around the reservoir g and cools it; the air then passes upward
through the annular space between the case q¹ and case o¹ and finally through
openings s in the top of the case o¹. The air or a portion of it then passes
downward to the burner through the openings in the burner cone c¹ to support
combustion, the products of combustion escape by the chimney a¹. The course of
the circulating air is clearly indicated by the arrows.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
1. In a lamp of the kind above referred to comprising a combustion chamber,
and a reflecting chamber with a transparent or translucent diaphragni or division
between them, arranging the burner to project upward through such diaphragm or
division into the combustion chamber, substantially as herein before described with
reference to Fig 1 of the drawings.
2. Providing a lamp with a combined combustion and reflecting chamber
comprising a lower part (with transparent bowl or closure below it) that constitutes
a reflector, and an upper part that is removable the two parts being in open
communication and the arrangement being such as to afford ready access to the
burner or burners by removal of the upper part of the chamber substantially as
hereinbefore described with reference to Figs 2 & 3 of the drawings,

page_text: 3. The arrangement substantially as described with reference to Figs 2 and 3 for
causing air to circulate about and cool the oil or spirit tank or reservoir g.
4. The arrangement substantially as described with reference to Fig 3 whereby
.air is caused to circulate about and cool the reservoir or receptacle for oil or spirit
and afterwards to flow to the burner or burners to support or aid in supporting
combustion.
5. The constructions of lamps or lighting apparatus shewn in and described with
reference respectively to Fig 1; Fig 2 and Fig 3 of the drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of June A.D. 1885.
THOMAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS.
For J. F. Shallis and self.
W. Lloyd Wise,
1
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
Agent for the Applicants.