IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES, JARS, AND OTHER HOLLOW VESSELS, AND IN STOPPERS FOR THE SAME, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SUCH STOPPERS." PROVISIONAL SP
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herrmann Lange and Carl Mohr, both of Berlin, in the
Kingdom of Prussia, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES, JARS,
AND OTHER HOLLOW VESSELS, AND IN STOPPERS FOR THE SAME, AND IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SUCH STOPPERS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herrmann Lange and Carl
Mohr at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th January
1877
HERRMANN LANGE, and CARL MOHR, both of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES, JARS, AND OTHER HOLLOW VESSELS, AND IN STOPPERS
FOR THE SAME, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SUCH
STOPPERS."
It is well known that for some time attempts have been made to find substitutes
for corks, but hitherto such attempts have failed By the present Invention
however we have succeeded in supplying this want
Our Invention consists in providing the neck of the bottle with an external screw
thread formed thereon, such thread being caused to take one complete tuin around
the same
This thread is by preference formed of a curved section, so as to avoid
sharp angles, and thereby prevent its chipping on screwing the stopper thereon The
stopper is formed of metal with a screw thread in the interioi thereof to fit the
screw thread on the bottle
For bottles and other hollow articles made of clay we do not employ a screw
thread on the neck thereof, but we form the neck thereof with a tapered or wedge-
shaped opening in the side thereof, within which a wedge-shaped stopper is fitted
Between the stoppers and the top edge of the bottle neck is placed a disc of cork
Thus by screwing the stopper for glass bottles and other vessels, and by forcing the
wedge-shaped stopper for clay bottles or jars, the cork disc is forced firmly against
the neck of the bottle or other article, and a secure stopping means thus obtained,
whilst by pulling out the wedge-shaped stopper or by unscrewing the screw
stopper, the latter may be readily removed from the bottle or other hollow article.
TD 677
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page_text: The screw stoppers we cast in metal by the aid of mechanism of the following
construction -On the upper end of a vertical shaft is formed a screw thread the
counterpart of that desued to be produced in the interior of the stopper Around
this screw thread is fixed a casting box or mould formed in two parts, one of which
is a fixture, whilst the other is mounted on a pivot to enable it to be readily turned
theleon The cavity in this mould or casting box is formed to the shape requied
for the exterior of the stopper, and at the upper part is formed a "gate" or pouling
onfice, which when filled with metal provides a projection on the crude stoppei
to assist in centering the latter in a lathe for finishing by turning
The upright shaft has a circular boss below the before-mentioned screw_thread,
which boss fits a hole formed in the frame of the apparatus The lower end of the
upught shaft is formed with a screw thread of a corresponding pitch to that at its
upper end, and fits in a hole formed in the bed of the machine A bevil toothed
wheel is mounted loosely on this upright shaft except that it is caused to rotate
therewith by means of a feather fixed in said shaft and fitting a groove in the
wheel This bevil wheel is driven by means of another bevil wheel fixed on one
end of a horizontal axis, on the other end of which is mounted a handle by which
such horizontal axis may be 10tated The bevil wheel on the vertical shaft is kept
in gear with the bevil wheel on the horizontal shaft by a suitable bearing piece.
In casting a stopper in this apparatus we close the casting box or mould, and
secure the moveable half thereof in position by a cramp or catch. We raise the
vertical shaft so that the screw thread on its upper end shall occupy its proper
position in the casting box or mould, a flange on such shaft being employed to fit
against a part of the flame to secure the correct adjustment of the parts The
metal is then poured into the mould, and when set the handle is turned so as to
The cramp or
screw the upper end of the vertical shaft out of the crude stopper
catch is then loosened and the moveable half of the casting box or mould is tuined
away from the fixed half when the crude stopper can be removed The latter is then
centred in a lathe and turned and finished
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Henmann Lange and Carl Mohi in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th July 1877
HERRMANN LANGE, and CARL MOHR, both of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES, JARS, AND OTHER HOLLOW VESSELS, AND IN STOPPERS
FOR THE SAME, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SUCH
STOPPERS"
It is well known that for some time attempts have been made to find substitutes
for corks, but hither to such attempts have failed By the present Invention however
we have succeeded in supplying this want
Our Invention consists in providing the neck of the bottle with an external screw
thread formed thereon, such thread being caused to take one complete turn around
the same
This throad is by preference formed of a curved section, so as to avoid
sharp angles, and thereby prevent its chipping on screwing the stopper thereon.
The stopper is formed of metal with a screw thread in the interior thereof to fit
the screw thread on the bottle
For bottles and other hollow articles made of clay we do not employ a screw
thread on the neck thereof, but according to the second part of our Invention we
form the neck thereof with a tapered or wedge-shaped opening in the side thereof,
within which a wedge-shaped stopper is fitted Between the stopper and the top
edge of the bottle neck is placed a disc of cork Thus by screwing the stopper for
glass bottles and other vessels, and by forcing the wedge-shaped stopper for clay
bottles or jars the cork disc is forced firmly against the neck of the bottle or other
article, and a secure stopping means thus obtained, whilst by pulling out the wedge-

page_text: shaped stoppe or by unscrewing the screw stopper the latter may be readily
removed from the bottle or other hollow article
Around
The screw stoppers we cast in metal by the aid of mechanism of the following
construction -On the upper end of a vertical shaft is formed a sciew thread the
counterpart of that desired to be produced in the interior of the stoppel
this screw thread is fixed a casting box or mould formed in two paits, one of which
18 a fixture, whilst the other is mounted on a pivot to enable it to be readily turned
thereon The cavity in this mould or casting box is formed to the shape icquned
for the exterior of the stopper, and at the upper part is formed a "gate" or pouling
onfice, which when filled with metal provides a projection on the clude stopper
to assist in centieing the latter in a lathe for finishing by turning
The upright shaft has a cucular boss below the before-mentioned sciew thread,
which boss fits a hole formed in the frame of the apparatus The lower end of the
upright shaft is formed with a screw thi cad of a collesponding pitch to that at its
upper end, and fits in a hole formed in the bed of the machine A bevil toothed
wheel is mounted loosely on this upright shaft except that it is caused to iotate
therewith by means of a feather fixed in said shaft and fitting a groove in the wheel.
This bevil wheel is duiven by means of another bevil wheel fixed on one end of a
horizontal axis, on the other end of which is mounted a handle by which such
horizontal axis may be rotated The bevil wheel on the vertical shaft is kept in
gear with the bevil wheel on the horizontal shaft by a suitable bearing piece
In casting a stopper in this apparatus we close the casting box or mould, and
secure the moveable half thereof in position by a clamp or catch We raise the
vertical shaft so that the sciew thread on its upper end shall occupy its proper
position in the casting box or mould, a flange on such shaft being employed to fit
against a part of the frame to secure the conect adjustment of the parts Tho
metal is then poured into the mould, and when set the handle is turned so as to
screw the upper end of the vertical shaft out of the clude stopper The cramp or
catch is then loosened, and the moveable half of the casting box or mould is
turned away from the fixed half, when the crude stopper can be removed, the latter
is then centred in a lathe and turned and finished
And in order that our said Invention may be clearly understood and readily carried
into effect, we will proceed aided, by the accompanying Drawings, fully to describe
the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figures I, II, III, IV, represent glass bottles for various purposes, the necks of
those bottles have formed thereon external screw threads a, which are caused to
take at least one complete turn around the same These threads are formed of a
curved section, and the ends of such threads are chamfered down so as to avoid
sharp angles, and thereby prevent then chipping on screwing the stopper thereon.
The stopper which is shown by perspective view at b is formed of metal with a
screw thread in the interior thereof to fit the screw a on the bottle neck Between
the stoppers and upper edge of the bottle neck is placed a disc of cork c Thus by
screwing the stopper b on to the screw a, the cork disc c is forced firmly against the
neck of the bottle, and a secure stopping means thus obtained, whilst by unscrewing
the stopper the latter can be readily removed from the bottle A small hole is
formed in the crown of the stopper to enable the cork disc to be pushed out
therefrom when required, or the stopper if desired may be formed without such
hole
The screw stoppers are cast in readily fusible metal, according to the third part of
our Invention, by the aid of mechanism of the construction herein-after described
Figure V represents a bottle made of clay together with a stopper constructed
according to the second part of our Invention
a represents the bottle neck formed with a tapered or wedge-shaped opening in
its side within which the stopper b, which is also formed wedge-shaped on its edges,
is fitted. The top and bottom of the central portion of the stopper are formed

page_text: parallel to each other, so as to fill the aperture in the upper end of the bottle neck,
and make all flush Between the stopper and the seat in the bottle neck a disc of
cork c is placed Thus by forcing the wedge-shaped stopper b into position in the
bottle neck, the cork disc c is forced firmly against the seat in the neck of the
bottle or other article, and a secure stopping means thus obtained, whilst the
wedge-shaped stopper b may be readily removed by means of a hook acting in a hole
formed therein
Figure A is a perspective view of the machine for casting screw stoppers;
Figures B and C are respectively an elevation and plan of parts thereof
Figure D is a vertical section, Figure E is an elevation of the crude stopper as
taken from the machine, and Figure F is a perspective view of the inside of a
finished stopper.
.
a is a clank fixed on the shaft or axis b, which is mounted in a bearing formed in
a standard c fixed to the foundation plate On the axis b is fixed a bevilled
toothed wheel d, which takes into and gives rotary motion to a bevilled toothed
wheel e, and consequently to the vertical shaft of which is capable of freely using
and falling through the wheel c, but is compelled to rotate therewith by means of
the feather n fitting a corresponding groove in the wheel c
•
In order to keep the wheels d, e, in gear and prevent the sing of the wheel e
with the shaft f, we employ a bearing piece-c¹ (see Figure A) fixed to the foundation
plate and bearing on the upper surface of the wheel e The lower part of the
upright shaft f has a screw thread h formed therein, and a projection g from the
fixed plate g¹ works in such screw thread, in order that on rotary motion being
given to the handle a the shaft f may be caused to use or fall as desired In falling
from the position shown in the Drawing the lower end of the shaft f works in a
Tho
hole formed in the top k of a table or bench to which the machine is fixed
shaft has formed thereon a flange m which serves to secure the correct adjustment
of the shaft by coming against the under side of the annular guide extending
below the plate 8, upon which the casting box p², p¹, 18 fixed On the upper end
of the shaft is forined ou fixed a counterpart of the interior of the screw stopper
This counterpart consists of cylindrical parts o¹, having screw threads h¹ formed
therein of corresponding pitch to the screw h, and a stud o is formed on fixed at the
top of such counter part to form a small hole in the crown of the stopper for the
purpose herein-before stated The cylindrical piece of above the flange m serves to
separate the part of the machine in which the casting of the stopper is effected from
the other paits thereof, u is a "gate' or opening into which the melted metal is
poured to form the denied stopper
.
The casting box consists of a fixed part 2, and a moveable part på mounted
on a stud or axis p³canned by the plate s A cramp or catch mounted on a stud
or axis serves to hold the two parts of the casting box p², p', together during the
casting process
We also
In casting a stopper in this apparatus we close the casting box 01 mould p², p',
and secure the moveable half thereof in position by the cramp or catch r
the vertical shaft f, so that the parts o, o¹, h¹, occupy the position shown in Figure D
The metal is then poured into the mould, and when set the handle a is turned so as
The
to screw the upper end of the vertical shaft f out of the crude stoppe
cramp or catch is then loosened, and the moveable half p² of the casting box or
mould is turned away from the fixed half p', when the crude stopper can bo
removed, the latter is then centied in a lathe and turned and finished
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention and the mode in which
we carry the same into eflect, we would have it understood that what we claim
18,-
First Forming on the necks of bottles screw threads & taking at least one
complete turn around the same and having the ends thereof bevelled of in manner
and for the purpose substantially as herein shown and described
Secondly. We claim the employment of metal stoppers provided with internal

page_text: screw thi cads to fit the screw thread a on the bottle neck in manner and for the
purpose substantially as herein shown and described
And, Thudly Wo clann forming the necks of clay bottles and stoppers to fit the
same in manner substantially as herein shown and described with respect to
Figure V
And, Fourthly We claim the peculiar combination and arrangement of machinery
or apparatus foi maufacturing metal stoppers of the character shown at Figures E
and F
In witness whereof, we, the said Hermann Lange and Carl Mohi, have here-
unto set our hands and seals, this Nineteenth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven