IMPROVEMENTS IN STONE BREAKING MACHINES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Taylor at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th January 1881.
WILLIAM TAYLOR, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester, Pattern Maker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STONE BREAKING MACHINES."
The Invention relates to an improved general arrangement and configuration of
the working parts of a stone breaking machine, by means of which I claim that it
is enabled the better to perform its work.
It relates more particularly to the arrangement of the grooves or furrows in the
face of what is known as the cracker jaw. As at present constructed, these grooves
are vertical and parallel. In place of this arrangement, I cause them to converge
from the middle of the jaw face towards the upper and lower edges of that face
respectively, so that they present somewhat the appearance of two fans, having
their pivots in the middle of the upper and lower edges of the jaw face, and with
their circumferences touching and overlapping at the centre of the said face. The
cracker jaw swings from a hinge or pivot near its upper extremity in the manner
usually adopted, and I cause it to close by placing behind it and near its lower
extremity a block, to which a horizontal sliding motion is imparted by an eccentric
on the main shaft of the machine, the eccentric working onto a friction roller in the
slide; by placing another slide and friction roller on the opposite side of the
eccentric, I can, if I choose, drive another jaw at the opposite end of the machine,
which can thus be made double acting. In place of this method of closing the jaw,
I can also perform that operation by placing behind the jaw a steam cylinder, the
piston rod of which acts upon a point near the lower extremity of the jaw, either
direct or through the intervention of a lever; by this arrangement the admission
of steam to the piston closes the jaw by the thrust of the piston rod.

page_text: <
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, and
of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, filed by the said William Taylor in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st July 1881.
WILLIAM TAYLOR, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester, Pattern Maker.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STONE-BREAKING MACHINES."
This Invention relates to an improved general arrangement and configuration of
the working parts of a stone breaking machine, by means of which I claim that it
is enabled the better to perform its work.
It relates more particularly to the arrangement of the grooves or furrows in the
face of what is known as the cracker-jaw. As at present constructed, these grooves
are vertical and parallel. In place of this arrangement, I cause them to converge
from the middle of the jaw face towards the upper and lower edges of that face
respectively, so that they present somewhat the appearance of two jaws, having their
pivots in the middle of the upper and lower edges of the jaw face, and with their
circumferences touching and overlapping, at the centre of the said face. The cracker-
jaw swings from a hinge or pivot near its upper extremity, in the manner usually
adopted, and I cause it to close by placing behind it and near its lower extremity
a block, to which a horizontal sliding motion is imparted by an eccentric on the
main shaft of the machine, the eccentric working on a friction roller on the slide.
By placing another slide and friction roller on the opposite side of the eccentric, I
can, if I choose, drive another jaw at the opposite end of the machine, which can
thus be made double acting. In place of this method of closing the jaw, I can also
perform that operation by placing behind the jaw a steam cylinder, the piston rod
of which acts upon a point near the lower extremity of the jaw, either direct or
through the intervention of a lever; by this arrangement the admission of steam
to the piston closes the jaw by the thrust of the piston rod.
Reference being now had to the accompanying Drawings, in which like letters
represent like parts; Fig. I. is an elevation of the face of the cracker-jaw; Fig. 2 is
a side elevation of the whole machine, showing one arrangement of the direct
acting cylinder, and also the method which I prefer to adopt for giving motion to
the cylindrical riddle; Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of the machine when fitted
with two sets of crackjaws worked from an eccentric on a shaft between them.
In Fig. 2 it will be seen that the furrows and ridges A' of the cracker-jaw A
converge somewhat towards the upper and lower edges of the jaw, and expand
towards the centre thereof. By this arrangement I get rid of most of the larger
lumps, which generally are produced by this class of machine, as the converging
grooves and ridges hold the materials, until they are crushed sufficiently fine to
pass between the smaller portion of the grooves. The fixed jaw against which this
face works is of course constructed with the grooves similarly arranged, the jaws
are reversible, and the swinging jaw is hung or pivotted at or near its upper edge.
In Figure 2 the direct acting cylinder C is placed in a horizontal position, which I
prefer, although I can place it vertically or otherwise if desired; when vertical, the
pressure can be applied by means of a wedge, bell crank, &c. I prefer to work the
valve of this cylinder by one of the usual well known automatic methods, but I can
employ a hand gear and use a supplementary shaft flywheel eccentric. To prevent
the cylinder from forcing the jaw too far, I generally employ a cross beam or
stop B, Fig. 2, which passes across the machine and through a slot or equivalent A²
in the swinging jaw, and is capable of up and down motion in suitable bearings or
slots in each side of the framework; a screw or equivalent D is provided to give
this motion. The stop B has its face or side bevelled or slanted, and the slot A²
may be bevelled to match; by this means the bight of the jaw can be regulated by

page_text: merely turning the screw. In Fig. 3 two swinging wedges B are shewn in place of
the stop B shown in Fig. 2 for regulating the bight of the jaws. For giving motion
to the cylindrical riddle, which is of the ordinary description, I employ a ratchet
wheel E worked by a pawl F from the piston rod crosshead, as shown, or in some
equivalent manner; the ratchet is on a shaft, from which the motion is transmitted
to the riddle by a belt or gearing as desired; a second ratchet, not shown in the
Drawing, is employed, which continues the motion during the return stroke of the
piston rod. In Fig. 3 is shown a double action machine with cracker jaws at each
end worked from an eccentric G, driven by a shaft H between them. This
eccentric bears upon a friction roller I working against other smaller rollers K
(these are shewn in the Drawing, but I may use any other suitable number) in the
block which slides horizontally, or nearly so in the framework L, and gives motion
to each of the crackerjaws. After the crushing motion the jaw is withdrawn by a
spring, or in any other convenient manner.
Having now described my Invention, and the method of performing the same, I
wish it to be understood that what I claim and desire to protect under the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The herein described construction of reversible cracker jaw, in which the
grooves are widest at or near the centre of the jaw, and converge as they approach
the upper and lower edges, substantially as and for the purposes set forth and
shewn.
Second. In a stone breaking machine, the employment of the cylinder C as a
means of directly actuating the swinging jaw, substantially as set forth and shewn
in Fig. 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Third. In a stone breaking machine, the employment of a vertical or otherwise
disposed cylinder as a means of actuating the swinging jaw by the intervention of
a wedge or its mechanical equivalent, substantially as set forth.
Fourth. In a stone breaking machine, the employment of the ratchet wheel and
attachments as a means of actuating the riddle, substantially as set forth and
shewn.
Fifth. In a stone breaking machine, the method herein described of actuating the
swinging jaw directly from the eccentric or its mechanical equivalent, by the
employment of friction rollers, substantially as set forth and shewn.
Sixth. In a stone breaking machine, the employment of cracker jaws at opposite
ends of the machine, substantially as set forth and shewn.
In witness whereof I, the said William Taylor, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twelfth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty one.
WILLIAM TAYLOR. (L.S.)