Heat and Energy Arising from the Combustion of Gases.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Sept., 1887°
Complete Left, 15th June, 1888.
Complete Accepted, 20th July, 1888
Heat and Energy Arising from the Combustion of Gases.
We, JOHN ORCHARD, of 100 High Street Kensington, in the County of Middlesex,
Optician, and HOWARD LANE, of 115 Palmerston Buildings, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of our said invention to be as follows :-
The object of our invention is to utilise the combustion of gases, by means of
improved appliances for effecting the same.
In carrying out our invention we use a form of apparatus which admits of a
perfect mixture of various gases, such as oxygen and hydrogen, or oxygen and
inflammable liquids (hydro-carbons) in a state of spray, or gas. or vapour arising
from such inflammable liquids or spray.
Our apparatus consists of a number of small metallic tubes, fitted into one or more
tube plate or plates, so arranged that the tubes may be surrounded by water or other
cooling or warming fluids, or either of the gases or vapour before or after mixture,
or by ordinary contact with air, in order to keep them at the required
temperature.
The aforesaid gases, or gas and liquid in a state of spray or vapour, are mixed
together in a chamber, previously to their passing through the tubes.
The cooling or heating effect of a large tubular surface composed of tubes of small
borc, and the consequent velocity of the gases or vapours through the tubes, admit
of a mixture of pure oxygen and hydrogen, or oxygen and other inflammable liquids
in a state of spray or vapour, in perfect combining proportions being employed.
We utilise the heat or energy arising from the combustion of these gases, in the
welding and brazing of metals.
With our improved apparatus, used as or in combination with a blow-pipe, we are
also enabled, by means of the high temperature obtained therefrom, to fuse the edges
of plates of metal into one homogeneous piece. The same means may also be used
for other purposes where high temperatures are required or for the production of
light.
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in Means and Apparatus for Producing and Utilising
Heat and Energy Arising from the Combustion of Gases.
We, JOHN ORCHARD, of 100 High Street, Kensington, in the County of Middlesex,
Optician, and HOWARD LANE, of 115 Palmerston Buildings, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
-
The object of our Invention is to utilise the combustion of gases, by means of
improved appliances for effecting the same.
In carrying out our Invention, we use a form of apparatus which admits of a perfect
mixture of various gases, such as oxygen and hydrogen, or oxygen and inflammable
liquids (hydro-carbons) in a state of spray, or gas or vapour arising from such
inflammable liquids or spray.
Our apparatus consists of a number of small metallic tubes, fitted into one or more
tuhe plate or plates, so arranged that the tubes may be surrounded by water or other
cooling or warming fluids, or either of the gases or vapour before or after
mixture, or by ordinary contact with air, in order to keep them at the required
temperature.
The aforesaid gases, or gas and liquid in a state of spray or vapour, are mixed
together in a chamber, previously to their passing through the tubes.
The cooling or heating effect of a large tubular surface composed of tubes of small
bore, and the consequent velocity of the gases or vapours through the tubes, admit of
a mixture of pure oxygen and hydrogen, or oxygen and other inflammable liquids
in a state of spray or vapour, in perfect combining proportions being employed.
We utilise the heat or energy arising from the combustion of these gases, in the
welding and brazing of metais, and other useful purposes.
With our improved apparatus, used as or in combination with a blow-pipe, we are
also enabled by means of the high temperature obtained therefrom, to fuse the edges
of plates of metal into one homogeneous piece. The same means may also be
used for other purposes where high temperatures are required, or for the production
of light.
And in order that our said Invention may be particularly described and ascertained,
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation shewing one method of carrying out our Invention.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of a portion of the same, Fig. 3 is an external elevation,
and Fig. 4 is a section on the line 1-2.
a is an external tube, b is a circular tube plate fitted to the rear end of the tube a;
c is a tube plate fitted at the nozzle end of the tube a; this end being preferably of a
flattened form, as shown by the plan view of the nozzle, a. d is a cylinder, fitted to the
tube e, forming a boss for the inlet tubes, and also a mixing chamber f. The

page_text: cylinder d is united to the tube a by the nut y, with right and left hand screws.
hare the tubes which carry the mixed gases, or gas mixed with hydro-carbon spray,
from the mixing chamber to the nozzle. The cylinder d is fitted with four tubes.
The tubes km are used for introducing the gases, or gas and spray, to be mixed in
the chamber, and conveyed to the nozzle.
The tubes no are the circulating tubes, for conveying hot or cold water, gases, air,
or other fluids into the tube a and surrounding the tubes h.
The four tubes km no are usually fitted with rubber tubes k' m' n'o¹.
The gases enter the apparatus by means of the tubes km fitted to the cylinder h.
The two passages unite, as shown in Fig. 2, passing into the chamber by a central
hole. This central port is covered by the shield p. This shield forms a transverse
passage. An opening or port is made at r, in a vertical direction, and another port is
made at s (if necessary) in an opposite direction. Other ports, slots, or fine saw cuts
may be made for admitting the gases to the chamber f. The object of arranging the
ports in this manner, is, to produce a vortex motion in the direction of the arrows
(Fig. 4) or vice versa."
The mixing chamber may be enlarged, and divided into two or more chambers, by
means of diaphragms, similarly fitted with plates p, or their mechanical equivalents,
for producing vortex motions of the gases or mixtures.
When the tubes m are used to convey oxygen and hydrogen gases, cold water is
passed into the tube a by one of the tubes no, and the warmed water is conveyed
away by the other; but when gas and spray, or gas and hydro carbon vapour are
used, warm or hot water is supplied to the pipe a, so as to prevent liquefaction, in the
pipes h.
We do not confine ourselves to the precise form and arrangement shown in the
drawings, as the shape, number and relative sizes of the tubes and other details
may be varied to suit the various uses to which our Invention may be applicable.
Our improved mixing chambers are equally applicable to apparatus in which a
single pipe only is required to convey the mixture, instead of the group of
pipes hh.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In the construction of apparatus for the purposes aforesaid, the application and
use of the special form and arrangement of mixing chambers, whereby vortex motions
of the mixtures are produced, substantially as and for the purposes herein before
described and shown by the drawings.
2. In apparatus as aforesaid the method of and means and appliances for causing
the circulation of fluids surrounding the group of tubes h, for supplying or
abstracting caloric to or from the effluent gases, or the tubes themselves, substantially
as herein before described and shown by the drawings.
3. The general construction, combination and arrangement of the several and
respective parts, constituting our improvements in means and apparatus for producing
and utilizing heat and energy arising from the combustion of gases, substantially as
herein before described and shewn by the drawings.
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicants.