Year: 1885

page_text: I ALEXANDER HORNE of 10 Hampden Street Liverpool in the county of
Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The invention relates to valves which are opened and closed by the motion of a
fluid, as is the case with pump valves. The object of the invention is to sO
construct a valve that it shall open and close freely and rapidly, shall not be
subjected to undue wear on the acting surfaces and shall when open give free
unobstructed openings for the passage of the fluid.
The invention consits essentially of the combination of a rotating reciprocating
or oscillating gridiron or like valve with a spring or springs and a piston plunger
or its equivalent and container. The container is made with or attached to the
valve seat and has an opening beneath the valve. The piston or plunger fits
loosely in the container and is attached to the valve. The spring acts on the valve
and valve seat so as to cause the valve to travel in the opposite direction to the
motion imparted to it by the piston or plunger, the valve may be rotary oscillating
or reciprocating and carried by a spindle, guides or their equivalents with or
without antifriction bearings. A weight may be employed instead of a spring,
and more than one weight or spring and piston and container may be used.

page_text: I ALEXANDER HORNE of 10 Hampden Street Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
The invention relates to valves which.are opened and closed by the motion of a
fluid, as is the case with pump valves... The object of the invention is to so
construct a valve that it shall open and close freely and rapidly, shall not be
Bubjected to undue wear on the acting surfaces, and shall when open give free
Eunobstructed' openings for the passage of the fluid..
The invention consists essentially of the combination of a rotating reciprocating
or oscillating gridiron or like valve with a spring or springs and a piston plunger
or its equivalent and container. The container is made with or attached to the
valve seat and has an opening beneath the valve. The piston or plunger fits
loosely in the container and is attached to the valve. The spring acts on the valve
and valve seat so as to cause the valve to travel in the opposite direction to the
motion imparted to it by the piston or plunger. The valve may be rotary,
oscillating or reciprocating and carried by a spindle guides or their equivalents
with or without antifriction bearings. A weight may be employed instead of
a spring and more than one weight or spring and piston and container may
be used.
In order that my invention may be fully understood I have appended a sheet of
drawings showing three modifications of valve under my invention,
Figure 1 is a transverse section, and figure 2 a plan, of a rotary valve under my
invention. Fig. 3 is a plan, and figs. 4 and 5 transverse sections at right angles
of a reciprocating valve under my invention. Fig. 6 is a transverse section of an
oscillating valve under my invention. Fig. 7. is a detail showing the reverse
arrangement of abutment and stem j and guide k to what is shown in fig. 2-that
is to say, the stem ; is secured to the movable valve e, and the guide k is on the
valve seat, or the container c, which is part of the valve seat.
Figs. 1 and 2: a is the valve seat with openings 6 and bars b¹; c, container
secured to the valve seat by screws, (the said container may be cast with the seat ;)
d, valve spindle, e valve surrounding the spindle d, and provided with openings
corresponding to the openings b. The valve is made with a bearing surface f,
having a groove therein, wherein rest anti-friction balls g. The said balls g bear
against an adjustable screwed cap h, on the spindle d. The valve is made with the
plunger which fits in the container c.
j is an abutment and stem secured to the valve seat and fitting freely in a
guide on the valve e. The stem j might be secured to the valve and the guide k
be in the seat on the valve.
Z is a spring.
The action is as follows;-The spring / maintains the valve when in equilibrium
in the nosition shown, with the openings in the valve e above the bars of the seat,

page_text: When pressure acts on the fluid by suction or otherwise to cause it to pass the
valve in an upward direction, the pressure of the fluid in the container causes the
valve to rotate against the resistance of the spring, and the openings for the valve
and seat are brought in a line, so as to allow a free passage to the fluid. As soon
as the actuating pressure on the fluid is sufficiently reduced the spring again closes
the valve. The antifriction balls allow of the valve moving freely. It will be
obvious that there is very little pressure on the wearing surfaces while the valve is
in motion, and that the valve can be placed in any desired position.
Figs. 3 and 4: Here the valve is rectangular and moves backward and forward
in a straight line. The same letters of reference are used as in Figs. 1 and 2. and
the action is similar. In this case side guides m are used instead of a central
spindle, and the friction balls are between such guides and the valve.
The dotted lines in Fig. 5 show how a weight might be substituted for a spring,
but I do not consider such construction so advantageous. I claim the weight as an
equivalent for the spring for seating the valve.
Fig. 6: In this view the valve forms a portion of a cylinder, and oscillates on a
pin n. The same letters refer to parts corresponding to those in the previous
figures.
In the various forms shown the valve moves across its seat in opening and
closing the ports, and the container or chamber communicates with the adit side of
the seat and directs the pressure of the fluid against the plunger or piston, so that
the valve is moved across its seat and opened thereby.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
The combination of a gridiron or like valve and seat with a container and
plunger or their equivalent and a spring or its equivalent substantially as set
forth.