Improvements in the Heating of Surfaces for the Drying, Heating, or other Treatment of Paints, Oxides, or other Matters by the Aid of Electricity, and in the Means or Apparatus employed therein.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Jan., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 5th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 9th Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Heating of Surfaces for the Drying, Heating,
or other Treatment of Paints, Oxides, or other Matters by the Aid
of Electricity, and in the Means or Apparatus employed therein.
We ROOKES EVELYN BELL CROMPTON Engineer, and HERBERT JOHN
DOWSING Engineer, both of Mansion House Buildings in the City of London
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
Our improvements relate to the use of electric currents as a means of heating the
surfaces intended for the drying, heating roasting or other treatment of paints,
oxides, metallic ores or chemicals which require to be so heated in a perfectly
cleanly manner and free from possible contact with any of the products of com-
bustion or which require to be heated in the presence of certain gases. In order to
accomplish this we make use of a series of metallic supports covered with insulating
material of suitable character in which is embedded a suitable electric conductor.
These shelves can be arranged in any convenient manner but we prefer a similar
arrangement to that adopted in those furnaces for the roasting of ores wherein the
ore is delivered successively on to inclined shelves arranged one above another in a
vertical chamber. Such an arrangement is well adapted for the application of
electric heating to a series of inclined surfaces or shelves on to which the ore
or other powder to be heated, dessicated or roasted can be fed continuously
from a hopper and thus allowed to fall and pass from heated shelf to heated shelf.
By a suitable arrangement of the resistance of the various conductors the
temperature of the surfaces of these shelves may be graduated in any desired
manner so as to provide that either the upper or lower shelves may be the
hottest as may be desired. Whenever we desire to obtain very high tempera-
tures we can prepare our shelves or surfaces by forming or moulding very
refractory material such as say ganister or silicious sand into the form of slabs
of sufficient size and then enamelling our wire on to the surface of slabs so
forined. Or we can in some cases cut a series of grooves in the surface of these
slabs and sink the wire into these grooves and finally close the grooves with
our refractory enamel which in this case should be formed of melted quartz or
similar silicious material. The wires used for these high temperatures should
either be steel or the alloys of nickel and steel known as nickeline.
Dated the 5th day of January 1893.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Heating of Surfaces for the Drying, Heating,
or other Treatment of Paints, Oxides, or other Matters by the Aid
of Electricity, and in the Means or Apparatus employed therein.
We ROOKES EVELYN BELL CROMPTON Engineer, and HERBERT JOHN
DowSING Engineer, both of Mansion House Buildings in the City of London
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
Our improvements relate to the use of electric currents as a means of heating
the surfaces intended for the drying, heating, roasting or other treatment of paints,
oxides, metallic ores or chemicals which require to be so heated in a perfectly

page_text: cleanly manner and free from possible contact with any of the products of com-
bustion or which require to be heated in the presence of certain gases.
In order to accomplish this we make use of a series of metallic supports covered
with insulating material of suitable character in which is embedded a suitable
electric conductor substantially in the manner described in our Specification
No. 17091 dated September 24th 1892. These shelves can be arranged in any
convenient manner but we prefer a similar arrangement to that adopted in those
furnaces for the roasting of ores wherein the ore is delivered successively on to
inclined shelves arranged one above another in a vertical chamber. Such an
arrangement is well adapted for the application of electric heating to a series of
inclined surfaces or shelves on to which the ore or other powder to be heated,
dessicated or roasted can be fed continuously from a hopper and thus allowed to
fall and pass from heated shelf to heated shelf.
By a suitable arrangement of the resistance of the various conductors the tem-
perature of the surfaces of these shelves may be graduated in any desired manner
so as to provide that either the upper or lower shelves may be the hottest as may
be desired.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews an electrically heated furnace or roasting chamber arranged in a
suitable manner for carrying out our invention, by a sectional elevation through the
heating, conveying and supply chambers.
Fig. 2 shew by a vertical section the arrangement of the resistances and layers
of enamel upon a supporting surface, in the position it would lie during manufacture
according to the cited Specification.
Fig. 3 shews an underside view of one of the shelves or sloping heating plates.
Fig. 4 shews an edge view of part of a shelf or plate, in part in section.
a is a hopper, b is a horizontal chamber in the end of which is journalled an axis c
driven by a pulley d, rotated by a belt e from a suitable driver, not shewn. On
this axis c is mounted a helical blade f which serves to convey the material g to be
treated, along this chamber b and thence through the opening honto the first plate i
and therefrom onto the next plate i below and so on in a regulated stream to the
receiving chamber k from which it may be removed by means of the opening 1;
which opening may be closed by a suitable door.
Although we have shewn the plates arranged in the manner set forth we do not
confine ourselves to this or any one particular construction of accessory parts for
supplying, conveying, and collecting the matters, as these may greatly vary
according to the nature of the matters treated and the degree of heating desired to
be given to them; we do not confine ourselves to any particular arrangement of the
resistances in the plates as these may be greatly varied.
Whenever we desire to obtain very high temperatures we prepare our shelves or
surfaces by forming or moulding very refractory material such as say ganister or
silicious sand into the form of slabs of sufficient size and then enamelling our wire
on to the surface of slabs so formed or we can in some cases cut a series of grooves
in the surface of these slabs and sink the wire into these grooves and finally close
the grooves with our refractory enamel which in this case should be formed of
melted quartz or similar silicious material. The wires used for these high
temperatures should either be steel or the alloys of nickel and steel known as
nickeline.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The combination or arrangement and use of means or apparatus for utilizing
the heating power of electric currents in the drying, heating or other treatment of
paints, oxides or other matters as set forth.
2. The construction and use of stoves or heating chambers for the drying,

page_text: heating or other treatment of paints, oxides or other matters with shelves or
supporting surfaces of suitable metal or refractory material in series each shelf or
support or set of same, being independently and variably heated by means of a
current of electricity caused to pass through a resistance or resistances connected
to and insulated from such support by being embedded in enamel substantially as
set forth.
Dated the 4th day of October 1893.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicants.