Improved Manufacture of Explosives.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Nov., 1892-Accepted, 3rd Dec., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by the firm of MARC MAURICE ROTTEN, of
Schiffbauerdamm 29ª Berlin, Germany, Engineers.]
Improved Manufacture of Explosives.
I, OLIVER IMRAY of No. 28 Southampton Buildings in the County of Londou,
Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows :-
When certain organic compounds such as naphthaline anthracene phenanthrene
alizarin, camphor, naphthol, their sulpho or amido compounds, drying oils or
resins &c. are mixed with the nitrates, chromates or picrates of the alkali metals
or of cellulose or starch, and other compounds rich in oxygen, there are produced
explosives having powerful action, but which in course of time lose their efficiency
if some of the constitutents thereof evaporate.
According to the present invention in order to prevent such evaporation non
nitrating tar oils of coal and anthracite distillation are added, which enclose the
volatile constitutents and thus prevent their evaporation.
When such a compound is exploded, the oxygen contained in the compounds rich in
oxygen does not alone react upon the naphthaline or the naphthol &c. but also effects
the combination of the tar oil. In this instance however it is not the object of the
tar oil to serve as organic combustible substance, as by the combustion thereof the
explosive compound has no stronger action than when naphthaline &c. is used
alone. The naphthaline &c. in this case is alone intended to serve as combustible,
while the tar oil only serves as an envelope, so as to prevent any detrimental change
by evaporation of the combustible organic substance.
There exists consequently in this case a division of the work in two parts, the
one constitutent, the combustible organic substance, naphthaline &c. serving mainly
for producing a powerful explosive action, while the other weaker constitutent
serves as a protection to the first one.
This simultaneous employment of naphthaline on the one hand and of tar oil on
the other hand forms the main subject of the present invention.
In order to render
the invention perfectly clear I will describe in the following, by way of example
some special mixtures of explosive materials for effecting the above purpose.
I. With 27 parts of ammonium nitrate are intimately mixed 1 parts of
naphthaline and 1 parts of tar oil, until a homogenous mass is produced.
11. 25 parts of potassium picrate are mixed with 25 parts of anthracene and
4-5 parts of tar oil.
In order to remove the hygroscopic property of the thus obtained compounds of
an oxygen carrier and naphthaline on the one hand, and of tar oil on the other
hand, they are mixed with lacs and varnishes of all kinds for example, either with
those of collodium consisting of nitrocellulose or nitro starch in a solvent, with
admixture of drying oils or camphor, in order to keep the coating flexible, or those
of caoutchouc or gutter-percha and resins in a solvent with the addition of drying
oils or camphor. These lacs and varnishes are mixed in about such proportions
with the explosive that there are about 39.4 parts of explosive to about 7 parts of
lac or varnish.
Dated this 31st day of March 1892.
ABEL & IMKAI,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Manufacture of Explosives.
I, OLIVER IMRAY, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, in the County of London,
Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
When certain organic compounds such as naphthaline anthracene phenanthrene
alizarine, camphor, naphthol, their sulpho or amido compounds, drying oils or
resins &c. are mixed with the nitrates, chromates or picrates of the alkali metals
or of cellulose or starch, and other compounds rich in oxygen, there are produced
explosives having powerful action but which in course of time lose their efficiency
if some of the constituents thereof evaporate.
According to the present invention in order to prevent such evaporation
non nitrating tar oils of coal and anthracite distillation are added, which enclose
the volatile constituents and thus prevent their evaporation.
When such a compound is exploded, the oxygen contained in the compounds rich
in oxygen does not alone react upon the naphthaline or the naphthol &c. but also
effects the combination of the tar oil. In this instance however it is not the object
of the tar oil to serve as organic combustible substance, as by the combustion
thereof the explosive compound has no stronger action than when naphthaline &c.
is used alone. The naphthaline &c. in this case is alone intended to serve as
combustible, while the tar oil only serves as an envelope, so as to prevent any
detrimental change by evaporation of the combustible organic substance.
There exists consequently in this case a division of the work into two parts, the
one constituent, the combustible organic substance, naphthaline &c. serving mainly
for producing a powerful explosive action, while the other weaker constituent
serves as a protection to the first one.
This simultaneous employment of naphthaline on the one hand and of tar oil on
the other hand forms the main subject of the present invention. In order to render
the invention perfectly clear I will describe in the following, by way of example,
some special mixtures of explosive materials for effecting the above purpose.
I. With 27 parts of ammonium nitrate are intimately mixed 14 parts of
naphthaline and 1 parts of tar oil, until a homogeneous mass is produced.
II. 25 parts of potassium picrate are mixed with 25 parts of anthracene and
4-5 parts of tar oil.
In order to remove the hygroscopic property of the thus obtained compounds
of an oxygen carrier and naphthaline on the one hand, and of tar oil on the other
hand, they are mixed with lacs and varnishes of all kinds for example, either with
those of collodion consisting of nitrocellulose or nitro starch in a solvent, with
admixture of drying oils or camphor, in order to keep the coating flexible, or those
of caoutchouc or gutta percha and resins in a solvent with the addition of drying
oils or camphor. These lacs and varnishes are mixed in about such proportions
with the explosive that there are about 39-4 parts of explosive to about 7 parts of
lac or varnish.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An improved manufacture of explosives produced by mixing carriers of
oxygen, such as compounds of nitric acid, chromic acid, picric acid, with the alkali
metals, cellulose or starch, on the one hand.
a, with naphthaline, naphthol anthracene, phenanthrene, alizarine, camphor,
the sulpho or amido compounds of these bodies, or drying oils or resins, and
on the other hand,

page_text: b, with heavy oils of coal or anthracite distillation; the combustible substances
mentioned under a serving for the production of a powerful explosive action
while those mentioned under b serve for the protection and enclosure of the
first named bodies.
2. In the manufacture of explosives referred to under Claim No. 1, the admixture
of the said explosives with a varnish or lac composed of collodion, nitrocellulose,
nitro starch, caoutchouc, gutta percha or resins for preventing the absorption of
moisture.
Dand this and d
han 1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.