Improvements in or relating to Brakes and Foot Rests for Bicycles, Tricycles, and like Machines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 27th June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 15th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 17th Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Brakes and Foot Rests for Bicycles,
Tricycles, and like Machines.
I, JOSEPH ROBERTS STONEY, of 22 Victoria Crescent, Dewsbury, in the
County of York, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to a light combined brake and foot rest for bicycles,
tricycles, and like machines which can be readily applied to new or existing
machines without any damage thereof and be brought into action by the foot or
feet of the rider thus leaving the hands free as well as avoiding the great strain
upon the muscles of the rider's wrists and arms. For dangerous roads or sudden
emergencies the whole force of both the legs can be concentrated upon the brake
with sufficient force to bring the machine from a high speed to a dead stand almost
immediately. By means of my improved brake and foot rest greater safety is.
assured and gradients and roads which before were considered highly dangerous
may be ridden with comparatively little risk.
According to my invention I attach or fix the brake to the framework of the
machine, preferably though not necessarily so, to the fork of the machine at a point
near the fixing of the usual mud-guard or to the mud guard itself. The fixing or
fixings by which the brake is attached to the framework in the case of old machines
may be clamped, bolted, or otherwise attached thereto, but for new machines the
brake and its fittings may be hinged bolted or otherwise attached thereto. to a
seating provided on the framework of the machine..
The brake is adjustably or otherwise hinged or fixed either directly or connected
thereto by means of levers or links. The brake may be either in the form of a
slipper or a roller and it may be made of leather, india-rubber, gutta-percha, metal
such as brass, steel or the like, wood or other suitable material or combination of
any or all of them but when made of material or materials other than leather or
india rubber I prefer to face it or them with leather or india rubber so as to obtain.
a good wearing surface and to avoid as much as possible injury to the tyre from
the heat retained by a metal slipper generated by frictional contact with the tyre
of the machine. The brake is mounted in position on the machine at or about a
right angle to the fork. A pin or pivot of the brake or its connecting levers or
links may be prolonged to form foot rests or a separate plain or slotted bar may
be provided and held in position by the clamping bolt or bolts or brake carriers.
Over the brake and mounted on or fixed to or otherwise attached to the pivot pin
or foot rest bar or other suitable fixing or part of the machine is arranged a spring
of any convenient shape or form for raising the brake from frictional contact with.
the tyre of the wheel and other parts when not in use and to prevent any jar. Te
the free or nose end of the brake when in slipper form is attached or fixed by any
convenient means a bar, or when the brake is in roller form the ends of its axle
may be prolonged on each side to form rests upon which the waist or heel of the
rider's foot or feet may be placed whenever pressure is required to be imparted to
the brake; the toe of the rider's foot may rest upon the foot rest proper forming
the fulcrum from which the pressure is imparted when only slight pressure is
required.
Dated the Twenty-sixth day of June 1901

page_text: UUMI DELL
Improvements in or relating to Brakes and Foot Rests for Bicycles,
Tricycles, and like Machines...
I, JOSEPH ROBERTS STONEY, of 22 Victoria Crescent, Dewsbury, in the
County of York, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a light combined brake and foot rest for bicycles,
tricycles, and like machines which can be readily applied to new or existing
niachines without any damage thereof and be brought into action by the foot or
feet of the rider, thus leaving the hands free as well as avoiding the great strain
upon the muscles of the rider's wrists and arms. For dangerous roads or sudden
emergencies the whole force of both the legs can be concentrated upon the brake
with sufficient force to bring the machine from a high speed to a dead stand almost
immediately. By means of my improved brake and foot rest greater safety is
assured and gradients and roads which before were considered highly dangerous
may be ridden with comparatively little risk.
According to this invention the brake may be either in slipper or roller form and
it is fixed to the framework of the machine,-preferably though not necessarily
so to its fork at a point near the fixing of the usual mud-guard. The brake may
be adjustably or otherwise hinged or fixed, either directly to the framework or
connected thereto by means of levers, links, or their equivalents. A pin or pivot
of the brake or its connecting levers or links may be prolonged to form foot rests,
or they may be formed of a separate plain or slotted bar which is held in position
by the clamps or brake carrier. Over the wearing surface of the brake is mounted
and fixed to the pivot pin, or foot rest, or convenient part of the framework
of the machine a spring or springs for raising the brake from frictional contact
with the tyre of the wheel. To the free end of the brake is formed, fixed, or
attached a pressure bar which is acted upon by the waist or heel of the rider's
foot or feet.
In the drawings I have shown the apparatus applied to a bicycle, but I would
have it understood it may be applied to other machines.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a bicycle with my invention applied.
Figs. 2, 3, and 4, are respectively a plan, and front and back elevations of slipper
form of combined brake and foot rest.
Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are respectively a plan and front and back elevations of a
slightly modified form of combined brake and foot rest.
Figs. 8 and 9 are respectively a plan and elevation of slipper form of combined
brake and foot rest.
Figs. 10, 10 and 11 are respectively plans and a elevation of a slipper form of
brake and foot rest jointed to the framework of the machine.
Figs. 12 and 13 are respectively a plan and elevation of a roller form of brake
and foot rest.
Fig. 14 is a sectional elevation of a method of attaching and securing a leather
or other lining to the slipper form of brake.
Figs. 15 to 18 detailed views of spring.
Like parts in all the views are marked with similar letters of reference:
A is the framework, B B' the wheels, C the seat, D the handles, E E¹ the mud-
guards, and F the pedals and driving gear of a bicycle, all of which may be of
ordinary and well known construction.
To the fork A' of the machine is preferably, though not necessarily so, attached
at say an angle to the same and at a point near the fixing (or to the said fixing
itself) of the usual mud-guard E, or to the mud-guard itself the combined brake

page_text: and foot rests constructed as will be presently described. In the drawings at
Fig. 1. the combined brake and foot rests are shown fixed to the fork A¹ between
the wheel B and the mud-guard E, but if preferred they may be fixed in front
of the fork A¹.
G is the brake which at Figs. 1 to 11 is drawn in slipper form, but at Figs. 12
and 13 it is shown in roller form, although in the latter view a slipper form is
shown in dotted lines to take the place of the roller.
H is the foot rest which may, or may not, be slotted to receive the clamps
by which the brake G is attached to the fork A¹ so as to adapt it to any size
or width of fork. At Figs. 2 to 7 the clamps I are in hook form and capable
of adjustment in the slots h h, or they may be arranged in U form as at I¹
Figs. 8 and 9, in which case the fork would pass between the two prongs i of
each clamp; or the clamp may, if desired consist of two plates armed with
projections as at 12 Fig. 104, held together by the bolts H and J the former
of which forms the foot rest. Or it may be arranged as at Figs. 10 and 11 in
the skeleton form consisting of the plates I* bent to shape as shown to form
clamps for attaching the brake to the fork A', and the plates are connected
together by the screwed spindle or bolt H and nuts J¹. The two projecting
ends of the clamps I may be bent to form springs L and attached to the
brake G by lugs g*. The plates I may also if desired be connected together
by a helical spring Larranged to pass over the upper surface of the brake G
and to be attached thereto, if desired, say by passing through a boss g** or by
any convenient means.
When the brake and clamps are as shown at Fig. 10 the upper surface of the
brake G is arranged to pass under and bear against the fixed projections ** of the
clamps 12.
I would have it understood that the fixing or fixings by which the brake is
attached to the framework in the case of old machines may be clamped, bolted, or
otherwise attached thereto; but for new machines the brake and its fittings may
be hinged, bolted, or otherwise attached thereto to a seating or seatings provided
on the framework of the machine. Also that the fixing, pressure bar, hinge and
parts connected therewith may be made in one piece, cast, stamped or otherwise
formed.
L is a spring which may be either flat as at Figs. 2 to 9; or in the form as
shown at Figs. 10, 10A and 11; or if desired it may be in helical or other form,
but in whatever form it is arranged it may, by preference though not necessarily
so, be fixed over the wearing surface of the brake either over its upper surface,
or between the wearing and upper surfaces, and it is employed for raising the
brake clear of or out of frictional contact with the tyre of the wheel or mud-
guard; as well to prevent jar when the brake is not required to be in action. One
end of the spring or springs L may be arranged to be either fixed to the foot
rest H, or pressure bar bolt M, or to any suitable part of framework A, as for
example to the same part as that to which the mud-guard or hand brake is usually
fixed, in which case the spring would require to be prolonged as shown by dotted.
lines at Fig. 2, whilst its other end passes under, or through, or engages with
the pressure bar M, or equivalent device attached to the brake. The free end
of the spring or springs L, which is arranged to pass under or through the
pressure bar M, or equivalent device, is either bifurcated or bent as shown in
the detail views Figs. 15 to 18 for preventing jarring as well as taking up wear
and tear, that is to say the free end of the spring or springs may be bifurcated.
by splitting its end longitudinally as at Fig. 15; or by simply doubling the spring;
or by fixing a portion thereto as at Fig. 16; or by bending its end, say, as shown
at Figs. 17 and 18.
The pressure bar M may be made in various forms fixed to the top of the brake
at or near its nose or free end, as for example at Figs. 2 to 7 it is shown in the
form of an arched bar fastened by the projections m m', or equivalent device, to
the brake G. The projections m m' may either be in separate pieces as at Fig. 2,

page_text: or in form as at Fig. 5 in which latter case the end of spring or springs L is or
are arranged to pass under the connecting portion of the two parts m m. Or the
pressure bar may be threaded through the top layer of the slipper portion of the
brake and then passes between its two layers as at Figs. 8 and 9. Or when
the brake is in roller form the ends of the axle may be prolonged on each side of
the roller as at Fig. 12, to form the pressure bar and the roller brake is connected
to the clamp I by the links or frame N.
The brake G may be made of leather, india-rubber, gutta-percha, metal such as
brass, steel or the like, wood or other suitable material or combination of any or
all of them. But when made of material or materials other than leather or india-
rubber I prefer (though not necessarily so) to face it or them with leather or india-
rubber so as to obtain a good wearing surface and to avoid as much as possible
injury to the tyre from the heat retained by a metal slipper generated by frictional
contact with the tyre of the machine. A convenient method for fixing one or more
layers g of leather, india-rubber, or the like in a metallic carrier G is shown at
Fig. 14 in which the layers g are made to slide within the tapered or straight sides
and lips g of the carrier, and they may or may not be fixed therein by screws, or
bolts, or the layers may be attached directly to the slipper G by bolts or lips as at
Figs. 2 to 6, or if desired by ordinary wood screws, tacks or rivets, cement, or it
or their equivalents.
At Figs. 2 to 4 I have shown the brake G bolted to the foot rest H. But when
it is desired the foot rest H may be provided with lugs H to which the enlarged
ends of the projections m m' may be jointed as at Fig. 5. Or when the brake is
made of metal in slipper form it may be provided with lugs G' by which it may be
jointed say to the screwed spindle H as at Figs. 10, 10 and 11, or directly to lugs
or fixings provided on or fixed to say the framework A. It will be readily under-
stood that when the brake G is formed say of leather and fixed to the foot rest H
as at Fig. 2 no other hinge is required.
The brake and foot rest are attached to, say the fork A' of the machine at an
angle thereto as shown at Fig. 1 by say the clamps I; and when the brake is
required to be brought into action the rider places the toe portion of one foot, or
both feet upon one or both branches or ends of the foot rest H which permits of
one of the ends of the pressure bar M passing under the waist or heel of each foot,
and to be depressed until the brake is brought into frictional contact with the tyre
of the wheel or its metal rim when the tyre is burst or damaged. The toe or toes
of the rider's foot or feet rest upon the end or ends of the foot rest and form the
fulcrum from which the pressure is imparted, or pressure may be imparted directly
to the bar M.
By the above described combined brake and foot rest the pressure may be varied
as circumstances require, the brake is completely under the rider's control, its
weight is reduced to a minimum, and however worn the tyre may have become or
even burst it can be readily adjusted thereto or made to act on the skeleton rim of
the wheel so as to prevent it from becoming inoperative.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A combined brake and foot rest for bicycles, tricycles, and like machines
substantially as herein described and illustrated capable of being attached to the
machine and operated by the rider's foot or feet as set forth.
2. In combination with the fork or other portion of the framework of a bicycle,
tricycle, and like machine, a brake such as G attached or jointed to a foot rest H
which is fixed or clamped to the framework of the machine, said brake being armed
with a pressure bar such as M and operated by the rider's foot or feet, and raised
from the tyre of the wheel of the machine by a spring or springs such as L,
substantially as herein described and illustrated with reference to Figs. 1 to 11 of
the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 3. In combination with the fork or other portion of the framework of a bicycle,
tricycle, and like machine a brake in roller or slipper form jointed by frame or links
to the foot rest which is fixed or clamped to the machine, said brake being brought
into action by the rider's feet, and raised from the tyre of the wheel by a spring or
springs substantially as described and illustrated with reference to Figs. 12 and 13
of the accompanying drawings.
Dated the Thirteenth day of October 1894.