Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Operating Pile Wires in Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Feb., 1893-Accepted, 3rd May, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Operating Pile
Wires in Looms for Weaving.
We, HENRY BOARDMAN, of Northfield Place, Manningham, Bradford, in the
County of York, Manufacturer, and GEORGE BURR, of Devonshire Street,
Keighley, in the said County, Solicitor, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object, the construction of an apparatus and combining
same with a power loom for weaving in such a manner that, the pile wires are
automatically passed through the "shed" of the fabric and withdrawn therefrom
at such a varying rate of speed that we are enabled to weave pile fabrics and
produce figured patterns by the cutting or uncutting of the pile.
We accomplish our object in the following manner :-The warp threads are
operated by means of a Jacquard, dobby or other well known apparatus, by which
they are raised and lowered in accordance with the pattern of the design.
The pile wires are of the ordinary construction and the mechanism for operating
same, consists of a plate supported at one end on a stud as centre, the other end
being supported by a bracket attached to the frame of the loom, so that a- recipro-
cating radial motion may be imparted to the said plate, upon which is mounted a
carriage for the insertion and withdrawal of the pile wires."
The before mentioned carriage is caused to slide to and fro on the plate by
means of an arm operated by a cam so constructed that, when required by the
pattern of the design, the carriage withdraws a pile wire from the fabric and inserts
the same wire between the "shed" of the warps, between one pick of the shuttle
and the next, and when a pile wire is being withdrawn for cutting the pile, the
carriage moves at a considerably lower rate of speed, thereby giving time for the
operation of cutting the figure on the fabric being shown by the uncut portion of
the pile.
Dated thin and do 1800
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Operating Pile
Wires in Looms for Weaving.
We, HENRY BOARDMAN, of Northfield Place, Manningham, Bradford, in the
County of York, Manufacturer, and GEORGE BURK, of Devonshire Street,
Keighley, in the said County, Solicitor, do hereby declare the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention has for its object, the construction of an apparatus and the combi-
nation of the same with a power loom in such a manner that, the pile wires are
automatically passed through the "shed" of the warp threads and automatically
withdrawn from the fabric at such a varying rate of speed that, we are enabled to
weave and produce figured designs on fabrics such as are generally known as freize
Utricht velvets or Genoa velvets, that is fabrics in which some of the pile threads
are cut and others uncut as required by the pattern of the design.
In explaining this invention in detail, reference is made to the accompanying
drawings, in which

page_text: Fig. 1 represents an end view of certain portions of a loom considered necessary
to explain the apparatus for operating the pile wires.
Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the loom.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the wire operating mechanism.
Fig. 4 is a plan thereof and
Figs. 5 and 6 details hereinafter referred to.
The warp threads may be operated by means of a Jacquard, dobby, or other
apparatus by which they are raised and lowered in accordance with the pattern of
the design, and in such a way that a knife wire and a plain wire are inserted under
different portions of the same "shed" of the raised threads for forming the pile at
separate times between the pickings of the shuttle as required by the pattern.
The framework of the loom is indicated by the letter A and motion is transmitted
from the driving pullies B to the crank shaft C and shaft D by gearing in the
usual manner.
The wires may be withdrawn and inserted by an ordinary wire motion, such for
example as is shown on the drawings, in which the wire carriage is indicated by
the letter E, and is mounted upon the guide bar F and caused to reciprocate thereon
at such varying rates of speed as are required by the figured pattern.
Some of the pile wires have a knife at the end of same for cutting the pile
on the withdrawal of the wire, and some are plain, that is without a knife, and each
wire is attached to a head which is made to engage and disengage with the wire
carriage in the ordinary manner.
The mechanism for operating the wire carriage or other reciprocating equivalent
at such varying rates of speed as are required for the withdrawal and insertion of
the cutting and plain wires by which the cut and uncut portions of the pile are
formed, is accomplished by mounting a cam G upon additional shaft D' driven by
spur wheels J.
In combination with the cam G is a lever H mounted at one end on a short
shaft or stud at M, the lever engaging in the groove G¹ of the said cam, and is
connected by a rod N to the lever O secured on rock shaft P, to which is also
secured a lever Q coupled by link R to the wire carriage E.
Beneath and working in conjunction with the wire carriage E is mounted a
radiating bar S supported at one end by a fixed stud as centre at T, the opposite
end of the bar being supported by bracket or bar U mounted on a pin at U¹
supported by a suitable attachment to the frame of the loom, and caused to
reciprocate at the required time by means of a revolving tappet Y secured to the
shaft D.
The number of wires necessary for the formation of the cloth may be inserted
by hand when commencing to weave the fabric, but are automatically drawn out
and reinserted at the necessary speeds for performing the required functions by
means of the wire carriage E or other reciprocating equivalent operated by a
cam G, through the intermediary levers and connections arranged somewhat in the
manner as hereinbefore described.
"
The cam G rotates in the direction of the arrow, and whilst rotating with the
projection of lever H engaged therewith over the space in the groove G¹ between 4
1 and 2. (see Fig. 5), the wire carriage E is operated slowly, during which time
a wire cutting knife is withdrawn, which is quickly inserted between the "shed
below the raised pile warp threads whilst passing over the distance from 2 to 3.
On the next beat up of the lathe L the wire carriage E or its equivalent is again
operated quickly, this time in an outward direction withdrawing a plain or non- 5
cutting wire, which is accomplished whilst passing from 3 to 4, and on the
cam continuing its course from 4 to 1 the said wire is again inserted at the
same speed as it was withdrawn and below certain pile threads required to
form loops in the pattern, which are bound to the ground cloth by the next pick
of the shuttle along with the pile threads to be cut on the withdrawal of the cutting
knife.
The motion to the radiating bar S for causing the end at S' to be in the

page_text: necessary position for the withdrawing and inserting of the wires, is controlled by
the tappet Y secured on rotating shaft D, more particularly shown by Fig. 6. The
respective projections on the tappet acting on the lever Z causes same to reciprocate
on the supporting pin Z¹.
The lever is coupled by rod V to bar U so that, any motion given by the
tappet Y to the lever is transmitted to the bar U and to the end S' of
radiating bar S attached thereto, thus causing the latter to reciprocate on the fixed
stud T in a manner somewhat similar as when operated by an ordinary tappet.
During the beat up of the weft by the lathe L the pulley Z is in contact with
the periphery of the circular portion of the tappet Y, the radiating bar S is then
in the same line as the lathe L, the wire carriage E having been slided on the
guide bar F to the position shown by the dotted lines, when the ordinary spring
catch E engages with what is known as a "wire head," in a manner so that, on the
retreat of the wire carriage E to the position shown by the full lines, the wire is
withdrawn from the fabric at a speed corresponding with the portion of the cam G
operating the lever H, the lathe L at the same time moving backwards and the
warp threads operated for the next "shed."
Before the wire just withdrawn is inserted through_the_"shed," one of the
projections on the tappet Y will have operated the bar U and radiating bar S, in a
manner that the end S¹ points or inclines towards the "open shed" of the warp
threads, when the wire carriage E is moved forwards to the position shown by
dotted lines, where the spring catch E' is operated and liberates the wire in
the ordinary manner, the wire carriage E remaining in that position during the
picking of the shuttle and beat up of the weft, during which time the pulley Z²
is again in contact with the circular periphery of the tappet Y, thus causing the
bar S to be in line with the lathe L, when the spring catch E' engages with another
wire head and the operation repeated, the cam G in conjunction with the inter-
mediary connections giving a variable motion of such a character to the wire
carriage E, and the tappet Y to the radiating bar S, that the wire carriage is
operated at such times and speeds as to be capable of withdrawing plain wires at a
quick rate, and the cutting wires at a slow speed suitable for cutting, and inserting
them quickly between one beat up of the lathe and the next.
The radiating bar S is of the ordinary well known construction and prepared
with a narrow groove S³ cut longitudinally for some distance in the upper side of
the said bar, and in such a position that, when a wire is withdrawn from the
fabric by the wire carriage E the wire slides within and is guided and supported
by the said groove, so that on the insertion of the said wire through the " open shed"
of the warp threads, the wire is guided by the said groove across the "shed" in
the manner as hitherto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a loom for weaving, the combination of a cam G and a tappet Y, suitably
connected to the wire carriage E or its equivalent and to the radial bar S,
substantially as hereinbefore described and for the purpose of operating two series
of wires, one with a knife attached thereto and the other plain such as are used in
the manufacture of freize Utricht velvet and Genoa velvet and which are inserted
in the different portions of the same "shed" at separate times between the pickings
of the shuttle so that when the wires are withdrawn, the cut and uncut piles are
bound by the same pick of the weft.
2. The hereinbefore described method of operating the wire carriage E or its
equivalent and the radial bar S in a differential manner, the said method com-
prising
(a) The withdrawal of the cutting knife wires at a slow rate of speed.
(b) Inserting the said wire knives quickly between one beat up of the lathe
and the next below a certain number of pile warp threads required to form

page_text: the pattern at that particular portion of the design or pattern and to he
bound by the next pick of the shuttle.
(c) Withdrawing a plain wire quickly during one beat up of the lathe and
inserting same again under the remainder or uncnt portion of the pile warp
threads required to form the pattern at that particular portion of the
design and to be bound by the next pick of the shuttle and beat up of the
lathe.
3 3
T1
1000
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.