IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM HEATING APPARATUS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Morgan at the Office of
the. Commissioners of Patents on the 10th October 1883. Communicated to
him from abroad by Hermann Martini of Chemnitz Saxony Germany
THOMAS MORGAN Secretary of the Inventors Patentright Association Limited
21 Cockspur Street Charing Cross in the County of Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS
IN STEAM HEATING APPARATUS a communication to me from abroad by Hermann
Martini of Chemnitz Saxony Germany.
This Invention relates to apparatus which regulate automatically the pressure
of the steam, or simultaneously also, the entrance of air underneath the grate of
the steam boiler.
In carrying out my Invention, I proceed mainly as follows:-
I employ a self acting apparatus for low pressure steam boilers.
The lower portion of the apparatus placed in the conduit, conveys air to the
grate, and consists of a cylindrical vessel, having double walls, and being open at
the top and in the centre, from which leads a pipe, reaching into the water space of
the boiler.
In said vessel is suspended a cylindrical cap, having double walls, which descend
a fixed distance, it being prevented by guide, but which is free to move upwards
when acted upon from below. The air is allowed to pass between the cap and
the vessel.
This apparatus is placed as high above the normal water-line of the boiler, as is
requisite for the pressure, it is intended should be about in the boiler.
If the pressure in the boiler increases, the water passes through a pipe, to the
lower portion of the apparatus, and stops the entrance of air to the grate.
In case the pressure in the boiler continues to increase through any cause, the
water in the lower portion of the apparatus mounting still higher, a cap acting as
a float is lifted, and with it a regulating steam valve, which is connected with the
cap, by means of the lever.
Simultaneously with a decrease of pressure in the boiler the water descends,.
whereby the cap is caused to descend also, thus closing the steam-valve again.

page_text: A further decrease of pressure or falling of the water, causes the communication
between the outer air, and the conduit for conveying air to the grate, to be
re-established,-the fire is therefore permitted to burn bright.
A modification of such an apparatus, may be employed for either high or low
pressure.
In a cylinder filled with air or gas, a float is arranged. The lower portion of
this cylinder is in communication with the water space of the steam boiler to be
regulated. When the pressure in the boiler increases, the water rises in the
cylinder compressing the air or gas contained in it, and lifting the float. The
levers and rods connected with the float which control the motion of the slide or
clack valve, may of course be made suitable to existing circumstances.
In case the apparatus is to operate for high as well as low pressure, the cylinder
must either be provided with a partition wall, or be brought into communication
with another air vessel,-a cock being placed in the conduit between both.
The ascending motion of the float being limited by the moving parts, the
proportions of the cylinder depending on the pressure prescribed, must be found by
calculation.
If the apparatus is to serve for low-pressuré only, it may be provided with a
pipe, having a lateral opening.
To obtain that in the case of the automatic regulating apparatus, a different
pressure is brought to bear on the regulating steam-valve and the slide, a second
adjustable lever may be arranged.
The arrangements of the levers for the apparatus, acting on an axis to which
a lever is fixed, may turn a second lever.
A screw which is taken up by two arms of a fixed lever, passes through the
second lever,--and serves to change the position of the latter, with respect to another
lever.
If therefore the safety-valve is to be pulled by the last mentioned lever, with
the aid of the rod at a certain pressure, the slide or clack-valve may be opened or
closed, at a lower or higher pressure, than that for which the safety-valve is made
suitable, by changing the position of the second lever, which is brought into
connection with the slide.
Another form of apparatus of this nature, I employ both for high and low
pressure.
A cylinder filled either with air or gas, is directly connected with the levers and
rods controlling the steam-valve slide or clack valve.
A pipe establishing communication between the lower portion of the cylinder,
and the water space of the steam boiler, is made flexible by means of an India
rubber pipe, stuffing box, etc.
By this arrangement the cylinder may be lowered or lifted, according as the
water ascends or descends, caused by an increase or decrease of the steam pressure.
With this automatic regulating device, it is desirable that a pressure differing
from that on the slide, may be brought to bear on the regulating steam valve,
for which purpose I arrange in a peculiar manner, a second adjustable lever in both
apparatus.
An arrangement of the lever for the apparatus is as follows:-
On an axis which takes up the lever, is a second lever which may turn on it,
and which rests with its upper end on a lever.
A lever carries an adjustable weight, the more this weight is moved away from
the fulcrum of the lever to the vessel, the less steam-pressure is requisite for
causing the vessel to descend, (that is to say) the regulating apparatus is closed at
a comparatively lower steam-pressure.
The lever carrying the adjustable weight, only moves with the first mentioned
lever, until the regulator is closed by another leyer, its movement is then prevented
by a tappet.
A further increase of the steam-pressure, causes the vessel to descend still

page_text: farther down, and a pin of a lever lifts a lever, effecting the opening of the
safety-valve.
In the same manner I employ these apparatus for regulation, when high-
pressure steam is at my disposal, and when the heating is to be effected at
low-pressure, in that case the pipe must be brought into communication with the
low pressure steam.
The connected levers and rods control under these circumstances, the valve or
cock in the admission nine