AN IMPROVED PORTABLE FOUNTAIN FOR WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Nadal, Mechanist, of 14, Brooke's Market,
Brooke Street, Holborn, in the City of London, for the Invention of
AN IMPROVED PORTABLE FOUNTAIN FOR WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Nadal at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
March 1862.
I, JEAN NADAL, Mechanist, of 14, Brooke's Market, Brooke Street,
Holborn, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVED PORTABLE FOUNTAIN FOR WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS," to be
as follows:-.
This Invention has for its object the construction of a portable fountain, in
which a constant maintaining power puts in motion a number of pumps, and
these cause the liquid with which the fountain is supplied to circulate through
and through the jet or jets. The motive power of the fountain is a spring
capable of being wound up, as is the spring of a clock; it gives motion to a
toothed wheel, which gears with and drives three, or it may be other number
of pinions, and on the axes of these are cranks or eccentrics, and these by
.connecting rods work pumps which force the liquid through the jet or jets
which may be of any form; the liquid so forced through the jet or jets after

page_text: wards returns to the pumps, and so the action continues as long as the motive
power continues, so that a very small quantity of liquid is required.
The pumps employed may consist of cylinders with pistons working to and
fro in them in the usual manner; I prefer, however, to employ chambers
having one side flexible. This flexible side is alternately pushed in and drawn
out so as to alter the capacity of the chamber, and the chamber is furnished
with inlet and outlet valves, by which the liquid enters it from the reservoir,
and is expelled from it to the jet.
In some cases I employ flexible chambers, which tend constantly to spring
to their form of largest capacity; each of these is furnished with but one
valve, viz., an outlet valve, and it has also an inlet aperture. By this the
liquid enters the flexible chamber, and when it is full, it is collapsed by a rod
or instrument in connection with one of the cranks or eccentrics, before
mentioned, and this rod or instrument at the same time covers and closes the
inlet aperture.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jean Nadal in. the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th
September 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Jean
NADAL, Mechanist, of. 14, Brooke's Market, Brooke Street, Holborn, in the
City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two; and in the twenty-fifth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Jean Nadal, Her special licence that I, the said Jean
Nadal, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Jean Nadal, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED PORTABLE FOUNTAIN FOR WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS" upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jean Nadal, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature

page_text: of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jean Nadal, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
This Invention has for its object the construction of a portable fountain, in
which a constant maintaining power puts in motion a number of pumps, and
these cause the liquid with which the fountain is supplied to circulate through
and through the jet or jets. The motive power of the fountain is a spring
capable of being wound up as is the spring of a clock; it gives motion to a
toothed wheel, which gears with and drives three, or it may be other number
of pinions, and on the axes of these are cranks or eccentrics, and these by
connecting rods work pumps which force the liquid, through the jet or jets,
which may be of any form; the liquid so forced through the jet or jets after-
wards returns to the pumps, and so the action continues as long as the
motive power continues so that a very small quantity of liquid is required.
The pumps employed may consist of cylinders with pistons working to and
fro in them in the usual manner; I prefer, however, to employ chambers
having one side flexible. This flexible side is alternately pushed in and
drawn out so as to alter the capacity of the chamber, and the chamber is
furnished with inlet and outlet valves by which the liquid enters it from the.
reservoir, and is expelled from it.to the jet.
.
In some cases I employ flexible chambers which tend constantly to spring
to their form of largest capacity; each of these is furnished with but onė.
valve, viz., an outlet valve, and it has also an inlet aperture. By this the
liquid enters the flexible chamber, and when it is full it is callapsed by a rod
or instrument in connection with one of the cranks or eccentrics before.
mentioned, and this rod or instrument at the same time covers and closes thé
inlet aperture.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed 'more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING,
which represents a vertical section of one of three pumps which are:
employed in constructing a fountain according to my' Invention. A fountain
may, however, be constructed' according to my improvements with a greater

page_text: or less number of pumps. The construction of the pumps used may also be
varied, though I believe the arrangement and construction of the one shown
in the Drawing are the most suitable and convenient for the purpose. a is an
axis, and 6 a case for a coiled spring; one end of the spring is attached to
the axis a and the other end of the spring is attached to the interior of the
case b. On the exterior of the case is fixed a toothed ring. c, and d is a
pinion on an axis e, which is square at its outer end, to receive a key when
the spring is to be wound up, all which is well understood in constructing and:
combining the parts of a maintaining power which is to act by a coiled spring.
On the axis a is a cog wheel f, which gears with and actuates the pinion g
on the axis of a crank or eccentric h, which by a crank pin gives motion-to
the sliding upright i, which is guided at its lower end by a groove. This
upright carries a rod j, which at its upper end carries a shield or pressing
surface k, which presses against the flexible surface l, which constitutes the
moveable part of the pump. This flexible moveable surface is made hollow,
and is, by preference, of vulcanized india-rubber, which by its elasticity has
at all times a tendency to assume the convex form shown in the Drawing, and
will do so when the pressing surface or shield is drawn back. The inner
of the surfaces has an opening at 1 through it by which the water or other
fluid which is received between the two flexible surfaces 1 can pass from
between those surfaces into the concave chamber m. The water or other
fluid descending from the fountain through the outer pipe n passes through a
flexible tube l into the space between the two surfaces l, and the water or
other fluid is driven or forced from the chamber m through the passage m¹
into the chamber o, there being a flexible valve m³, by preference, of. vul-.
canized india-rubber which covers the passage m'. The chamber o acts as an
air vessel, and the lower end of the ascending tube p descends into the position
shown in the Drawing; q is a division plate with a hole in the centre, which
divides the chamber o. At the upper end of the ascending pipe is fixed a jet
or jets through which the water or other fluid is forced to form the fountain.
Below the upper end of the outer pipe n is fixed a dish or basin, into which
the water or other fluid discharged through the jets of the fountain descend,
and the proper quantity of water or other fluid in the dish or basin is main-
tained by the height to which the outer pipe a rises above the bottom of the
dish or basin. In using three pumps, they are timed to be at different parts
of their stroke in respect to each other so that one may be coming into full
action as another is going out of action.
As the form of the basin or dish, and of the jets, and of the external
cover to the works depends on taste, and will be varied according thereto,

page_text: it has not been considered necessary or desirable to show these part in the
Drawing.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that I make no claim to any
of the mechanical parts separately, nor do I confine myself to the details
shown in the Drawing, as they may be varied without departing from my
Invention; what I claim is the mode herein described of combining the
several parts into a fountain.
In witness whereof, the said Jean Nadal have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Tenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-two. '
J. NADAL.
(L.8.)