IMPROVEMENTS IN " THE MANUFACTURE OF TILES AND OTHER ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIALS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1885

page_text: I ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the county of Middlesex
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
"
THE MANUFACTURE OF TILES AND OTHER ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIALS AND
IN APPARATUS THEREFOR a communication from Friedrich Carl Albrecht Meier
of Walkenried, German Empire, Manufacturer, and in what manner the same is to
be. performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The improvements which form the object of this invention relate to a process
for manufacturing plates, tubes or other articles from clay, cement, plaster of paris
and similar materials whereby such objects or articles are made with a good surface
polish the polished layer consisting of a more firm, compact, dense, and harder mass
than the layers underneath the polished one; the invention further relates to
apparatus for said purpose, namely to centrifugal apparatus employed in said
process which not only make the process continuous but, as the walls of the
centrifugal apparatus are capable of being folded down, the working will be more
rapid and easy.
In the annexed drawings is shown the construction of a centrifugal "basket"
readily removable from the upright driving spindle, the walls of such "basket"
being capable of being folded down.
-
Figure 1 is a plan of the same.
Figure 2 is a vertical section on line X X of figure 1.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of the basket with one of its sides folded down.
The process for manufacturing plates clay, tubes and plastic or other articles from
cement, plaster of paris or artificial stone-compositions of all kinds consists sub-
stantially in first introducing a pasty or plastic substance of superior quality into
the rapidly rotating centrifugal apparatus, this superior material serving to form
the polished surface, and when the centrifugal apparatus has driven this material
into the moulds placed into the sides thereof, another material for forming the body
D

page_text: or underneath layers of the articles is introduced into the basket in suitable
quantities, according to the thickness to be produced, the basket being allowed to
continue its rotation for some time. The excess of water accumulates in the
bottom of the basket and is by a tap led to a safety receiver and thence escapes.
The whole basket is now lifted off the driving spindle, another one is placed on
the latter and the material to be used is introduced into this basket whilst the
articles formed in the first will be removed as will hereinafter be set forth.
The basket shown in Figures 1 to 3 is hexagonal in outline. In the corners are
fixed standards A A between which there are six side walls B capable of being
folded down. These sides B B of the basket are capable of being folded down
outwardly and are consequently attached by hinges bb to the bottom C of the
basket. The inner side of each such side is covered with a glass plate D held fast
upon B by the mould plates E to be inserted into A. These mould plates may be
of various shapes, according to the nature of the articles to be produced (such say
as large plates, or small square or oblong tiles and the like) in all cases however their
outer frame is suitable for insertion into the recesses e e (figure 1) of the sides B.
If large plates are to be made the mould plate E is transformed into the frame E¹
shown in figure 1.
The basket is fitted upon the driving spindle F by means of a sleeve G secured
upon the bottom of the former by means of the ribs & d, this may be effected say
by the squared part f on the spindle F and a wedge or cotter g passing through the
parts G and F The lid H upon G serves to distribute the material fed into the
basket.
To enable the basket to be readily removed from or placed upon the spindle F
the screw-bolt J fixed in the sleeve G is provided with a staple or eye i for
attaching the chain of a lifting mechanism. The screw bolt J also serves, in con-
junction with the nut K and the tightening chains L fixed on the ring of the nut
(which is capable of rotation) to close the sides B B of the basket. The chains L
are provided with a tightening nut M is the protecting wall or casing of the
basket. The bottom of the casing is inclined and at its side there is provided an
exhaust pipe mu for the excess water collected in the bottom of the basket from the
plastic material, this water can be allowed to pass away by a cock or tap c.
As herein above stated the basket whilst rotating at a high speed, is first charged
with that material S which is to constitute the surface of the article to be pro-
duced, and afterwards is introduced the material S¹ for forming the body or
"substance" of said article.
When the desired thickness has been attained, the basket is stopped, raised out
of the casing, the chains L are loosened by loosening the nut K (screwing it
downward) the hooks of the chains are released from the eyes rivetted to the
sides, and the sides B B are folded down.
The mould plates E E are now removed, either by being drawn out of the
recesses e e of the sides B or by simply lifting off, if other attachments of the mould
plates E to the sides B B have been provided. By causing the material S which
is first introduced, to be thrown against the smooth glass plate D the surface of
the article receives a fine firm polish which, by previously painting or colouring
the glass plate, may be marbled, stained or made with a pattern.
If tubes are to be made by this means, then the basket and its sides will have
to be suitably modified, retaining however the main features of the construction
shown in figure 1 to 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim
First: The process substantially as specified for manufacturing articles from
plastic clay cement plaster of paris artificial stone or the like plastic materials.
By centrifugal force which consists in first forming an outside or face layer of fine
material and subsequently applying thereto a backing or body of commoner
material.

page_text: Second: In a basket or centrifugal apparatus for the manufacture of articles
from clay and other plastic materials, the folding sides B jointed to the bottom C
and controlled by chains L or equivalent device substantially as specified.
Third-In a basket or centrifugal apparatus for the manufacture of articles from
clay and other plastic materials a plate D of glass or other material capable of
taking a fine surface against which the plastic material is pressed by centrifugal
force for the purpose of imparting a smooth surface of the said plastic material.
Fourth In a basket or centrifugal apparatus for the manufacture of articles
from clay and other plastic materials the combination with the folding sides B
of mould-plates E or frames E¹ adapted to be attached thereto in any suitable
manner.
:-
$
Fifth In a basket or centrifugal apparatus for the manufacture of articles from
clay and other plastic materials the combination with the folding sides B of chains
or equivalent L adapted to hook into eye bolts 11 and provided with adjusting nut
and right and left handed screws / screw bolt J and nut K the whole constructed
and operating substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Sixth-In a basket or centrifugal apparatus for the manufacture of articles
from clay and other plastic materials and as a means of movably connecting the
basket with its spindle or shaft F the combination with the said shaft of the
sleeve G adapted to fit over the square for be secured by the movable pin g
substantially as specified.
0
Datat davat
100-