IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING THE TEMPERATURE OF STEAM, AND ITS POWER OF TENSION
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Edward Bryant, of Alfred Street, Bedford
Square, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of
"IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING THE TEMPERATURE OF STEAM, AND
ITS POWER OF TENSION." -A communication from abroad by Hans
Ambrouseus, of Königsberg, Prussia.
Sealed the 9th October 1863, and dated the 22nd April 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Edward Bryant
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd April 1863.
I, FREDERICK EDWARD BRYANT, of Alfred Street, Bedford Square, in tho
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING THE TEMPERATURE OF
STEAM, AND ITS POWER OP TENSION," a cummunication to une from abroad
by Hans Ambrouseus, of Königsberg, Prussia, to be as follows:-
It is an ascertained fact that the temperature of steam and its power of
tension are in certain regular proportion to each other, therefore when one of
the two is ascertained there should be no difficulty in finding the other. To
attain this object in an easy and practical manner, it is proposed to construct
an apparatus consisting of a combination of thermometer and manometer with
corresponding frame and scale, the latter shewing in conformity with every
state of the mercury the steam pressure in atmospheres as well as in pounds

page_text: (weight) per square inch. The bulb of the thermometer is always in
immediate contact with or surrounded by the steam in the boiler. The
scale of the thermometer may be regulated for "Celsius," Fahrenheit,
"Centigrade," or other, as desired. The division of the scale may be arranged
after a normal manometer, and this method is resorted to in order to arrive
at a certainty as to the exact working and sensibility of the thermo-manometer,
the subject of this Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Edward Bryant in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd October 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
EDWARD BRYANT, of Alfred Street, Bedford Square, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Frederick Edward Bryant, Her special licence that I, the said Frederick
Edward Bryant, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Frederick Edward Bryant, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING THE TEMPERATURE OF
STEAM, AND ITS POWER OF TENSION," (a communication to me from abroad by
Hans Ambrouseus, of Königsberg, Prussia,) upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Frederick Edward Bryant, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Edward Bryant, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the

page_text: following statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto
annexed, and forming part of this my Specification:-
The apparatus herein-after described indicates the power of tension of steam
in steam boilers, by ascertaining the influence exercised by the temperature
within the boiler, it being an established fact that the temperature of steam
and its power of tension aro always in certain and regular proportion to each
other; thus as soon as one of the two is ascertained no difficulty arises in
finding the other. To attain this object in an easy and practical manner, the
apparatus, the subject of this Invention, has been constructed, the which I
term a "thermo-manometer," and which is a combination of thermometer and
manometer.
By reference to Figure 1 of the Drawing, it will be seen that the frame a
partly encloses a scale plate b, marked on one side of the mercury tube c with
degrees demonstrating temperature, and on the other side of the said tube
with the degrees of pressure in pounds; (I may here observe that the scale
for temperature may be arranged for the systems "Celsius," "Centigrade," or
other, and for pressure in any other denomination than lbs. English ;) the
bottom d of the casing is formed of great strength, having a hole in the centre
to allow the tube to pass through; this bottom is tapped with a screw, and is
by this means screwed into the boiler plate e, which is also screw-tapped to
receive and hold it. As may be seen, the bulb f is below the bottom d, and
in the interior of the steam boiler. If desired, the bulb f may be protected
by a pipe (pierced with holes), see Figure 2; or the scale part of the apparatus
may be made to lie in a horizontal position, and the bulb be so placed that the
temperature within the boiler can exercise its direct and immediate influence
on the mercury. If the apparatus be fixed or screwed into the boiler plate,
as steam is generated in the boiler the mercury rises in the tube, and the
scales indicate the temperature of the steam, and at the same time its pressure
in atmospheres or in lbs. The division of the scales may be arranged after a
normal manometer, and this method is resorted to in order to ascertain with
certainty the true and exact working and sensibility of the "thermo-manometer'
herein described, the merit of which is that it is safe and perfectly reliable,
while its durability surpasses that of manometers hitherto in use.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and the means by
which it is carried into practical effect, I would have it understood that I do
not confine myself to the precise details herein described and shewn, as the
details may be varied to suit boilers in various positions, and still permit the
temperature within them to exercise direct and immediate influence on the
mercury; and that I claim the exclusive use of an apparatus for ascertaining

page_text: the temperature of steam and its power of tension, such apparatus being
essentially as described and ascertained by the foregoing description, and in
part illustrated by the annexed Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Edward Bryant, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of October, in the 5
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
F. E. BRYANT.
(L.S.)