Improvements in Blowing Machines, Exhausters, and Pumps for Raising or Propelling Fluids.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Aug., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 9th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 10th Feb., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Blowing Machines, Exhausters, and Pumps for
Raising or Propelling Fluids.
I, WILLIAM WALKER, of 57, Victoria Road, Dundee, in the County of Forfar,
Scotland, Pattern Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows;-
This invention relates to blowing machines, exhausters and pumps for raising
or propelling fluids, the object being to improve their construction and action.
In carrying out my invention I preferably make the machine in two main
parts with supplementary chambers for the valves. The inner or lower main
chamber is of triangular cross-section, the angle at the top being 90° and the
angles at the bottom 45° with the floor line. The ends of the main chambers
are perpendicular to the floor line and parallel to each other and extend some
distance beyond the apex of the inner main chamber. The supplementary
chambers for the valves are within the main chambers, such valves being of
any suitable known form, although I prefer to use flap valves. The inlet valves
are placed at the extreme ends of the main chambers and open inwards. The
discharge valves are placed on the inner division of the supplementary valve
chambers and also open inwards, discharging the air or other fluid into the
inner main chamber from whence it may be led by pipes as required. Suitably
placed holes in the sloping sides of the supplementary valve chambers, near
their apex, are for the passage of air or other fluid. The sloping top sides of
the inner main chamber may be planed and also the inner surfaces of the per-
pendicular ends. Saddled on the ridge of the inner main chamber is an oscil-
lating cap or rocker, and its cross-section is semicircular. It may be of any
convenient thickness and may be stiffened by means of external ribs. Provi-
sion is made at its centre, externally, for the driving pin. This semicircular
cap fits in between the perpendicular ends of the main chambers and thin grooves
may be cut in the ends of the cap in which strips of leather or other suitable
material may be inserted, the intention being to form fluid pressure sliding
joints. The semi-circular cap being over the apex of the inner main chamber,
the ends bear against the perpendicular sides, the edges slide on the sloping
sides and therefore the apex of the chamber must always be in contact with the
concave surface of the cap. Such cap is moved by hand or by power from side
to side, that is to say it is made to oscillate by means of a connecting rod, and
in this manner the spaces bounded by the interior of the cap, the perpendicular
ends and the exterior of the sloping sides, are alternately expanded and con-
tracted.
When the machine is used as an exhauster the oscillating cap is enclosed,
such enclosed space forming the other main chamber previously referred to.
In this case the cap is moved by a rod passing through air tight glands in the
casing. When the cap oscillates it causes an alternate expansion and contrac-
tion at the convex and concave surfaces of the cap. The holes in the sloping
sides which communicate with the valve chambers are enlarged so as to be un-

page_text: covered at the ends of the stroke, whereupon the accumulated pressure at the
back of the cap is released by the fluid passing through, the valve chambers.
The same means are employed to prevent undue vacuum at the back of the cap.
Instead of the cap fitting between the ends of the chamber it may be provided
with ends passing over the outside ends of such main chamber, although the
construction previously described is preferred.
In some cases the machine may be inverted, the right angle working in the
concave surface of the part which previously was the cap.
GEO. C. DOUGLAS & Co.,
Chartered Patent Agents, 41, Reform Street, Dundee,
Agents for Applicant.
.
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Improvements in Blowing Machines, Exhausters, and Pumps for
Raising or Propelling Fluids.
I, WILLIAM WALKER, of 57, Victoria Street, Dundee, in the County of Forfar,
Scotland, Pattern Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to blowing machines, exhausters and pumps for forced
draughts, ventilation, coal gas exhausters, and purifiers for raising water or
other fluids or general uses.
The invention consists in constructing chambers of a triangular cross section
and of a rectangular longitudinal section which may be closed at the bottom or
made without a bottom where the machine works in such places as a closed
stokehole. This chamber is divided into a main chamber and valve chambers,
placed by preference at the ends, and provided with valves of any approved
form. The ends of the chamber may be produced above the upper angle of
the chamber and fitted on the edges with covers, so as to form a second working
chamber, afterwards described. Secondly, In constructing an operating cham-
ber or oscillating cap, the cross-section of which is an are of a circle, not greater
than a semicircle, but it may be sometimes less. The upper angle of the chamber
above described is made to correspond to the number of degrees in the arc,
that is lines drawn from the ends of the chord and meeting at any point in the
periphery of the arc will give the angle required.
The oscillating cap fits close between the outer and upper flanges of the main
chamber and is saddled over the top, and driven from side to side, by a con-
necting rod or other means acting on a suitable pin on the back of the cap.
The entire arc of the cap, being divided into separate arcs by the upper angle
of the chamber, their contents are alternately increased and diminished by the
motion of the cap and thereby the air, water or other matter is drawn in and
expelled.
The details are shewn on the accompanying drawings-Sheets Nos. 1, 2, 3 & 4
to which reference is made.
Sheet No. 1 represents the machine in its most complete form. Fig. 1 is
a cross-section and Fig. 2 a longitudinal section.
AA is the chamber or receiver.
BB are the valve chambers provided with valves CCCC.
DD is a bottom bolted on in any convenient manner.
EE are holes for distribution.

page_text: GG are holes for passing air or water or other matter from the working
cap M to and fro.
When used as an exhauster connecting pipes are fitted over the inlet valves CC
to draw from the required source. The ends of the chamber in this arrange-
ment are produced as flanges, on the edges of which covers J J J J are fitted and
form, if desired, a second working chamber through the action of the cap M
shewn by dotted lines. When the second working chamber is used the holes G G
are enlarged downwards so as to be uncovered at the end of the stroke to act
instead of separate valves, but separate valves may also be applied, if required,
where convenient on the plates J J.
M is a cross section of the operating chamber or cap at Fig. 1 and a longi-
tudinal section at Fig. 2. Its cross section is an arc of not more than 180° but
it may sometimes be less. The semi-circle is preferred, except for pumps, as
on Sheet No. 4.
NN are ribs cast on the back of the cap M which support the pin O used for
driving. The line of motion of this pin is shewn by the arrows PP. RR is
the working rod passing through stuffing boxes packed with leather or other
packing and driven by any suitable connecting rod.
The machine when used as a gas exhauster has no packing at the ends of
the cap M but where required leather packing may be used as shewn at SS
on Sheet No. 2.
The various working parts of the machine may be machine tooled as required
and made of any material.
Sheet No. 2, Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the same machine with the
covering plates J J and the bottom DD) removed. Other alterations are shewn
on the drawing. This machine is intended for forced draught or ventilation.
Sheet No. 3, Fig. 5 represents a modification in which the ends of the air
chamber A A are not produced as flanges above the sloping sides of AA. The
cap M M is fitted with ends TT which work over the ends of the chamber A A
as shewn and which ends have leather packing similar to that shewn at SS on
Fig. 4, Sheet No. 2.
Sheet No. 4 Figs. 7 and 8 shew the machine with an arc less than a semi-
circle for pumps with the addition of a stand pipe V fixed on the plates J J.
A head of water is maintained in the pipe V at the level or thereby of the
pump's delivery.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The arrangement and construction of a blowing machine exhauster and
pump with oscillating chambers as described and as shown on the accompanying
drawings.
2. The use of a bed-plate whose sides form two sides of a triangle but are
not enclosed at the bottom; and the use of an oscillating cap working in con-
nection therewith and between two flanges as shewn on accompanying Sheet No. 2
and that for any purpose to which it can be applied.
3. The use of an oscillating cap having a cross section which is the arc of
a circle (semi-circle preferred) the said are having closed ends as shewn and
working over the ends of the main chamber as shewn, instead of between flanges
as shewn on Sheets Nos. 1, 2, and 4 and
4. The use of a similar arrangement to that of Sheet No. 1 but with an
oscillating cap which is preferred to be less than a semi-circle and working in
connection with a stand pipe V as shewn on Sheet No. 4.