Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Teasling or Dressing Textile Fabrics.
Year: 1894

page_text: om:
Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1894
lete Specification Left, 12th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 22nd Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Teasling or Dressing
Textile Fabrics.
1, JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields in the County of
Middlesex Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention which has
been communicated to me from abroad by Gustave Bauche and Henri Bauche
both of Reims (Marne) in the Republic of France, Manufacturers to be as
follows:-
1
This invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus for teasling or
dressing textile fabrics the said improvements consisting in means for driving the
acting or card rollers or devices and in apparatus for cleaning the said rollers. The
acting devices or rollers are arranged around a shaft in the form of a drum or cage
and are driven collectively by the said shaft either in the direction in which the
fabric is traversed or in the reverse direction each acting device or card roller also
receiving rotary motion by means hereinafter described. The card teeth on the
alternate acting devices or rollers are preferably inclined in opposite directions.
On the shaft which supports the drum or cage formed by the series of card rollers
are mounted cam discs whereby an oscillating movement is communicated to slides
carrying clearer cylinders or devices for clearing waste from the card rollers or
devices which clearers are thereby moved so as to come in contact intermittently
with the card rollers.
The shaft carrying the drum may be driven by any well known or suitable
means such for instance as a belt and pulley and may be driven either in the
direction of the movement of the fabric which is brought in contact with the drum
or in the opposite direction. These card rollers alternately have their card teeth
inclined in opposite directions, they may be of any even number but for the purpose
of the description we will assume a machine having a drum containing twelve such
rollers, of these twelve rollers Nos. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 have their teeth inclined in
one direction and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 have their teeth inclined in the opposite
direction. Each of the card rollers may be caused to revolve on its own axis by
means of gearing from the shaft which carries them the said gearing being for
example as follows:-One end of each of the shafts carrying the card rollers 2, 4,
6, 8, 10, 12 is free to turn in a bearing in a disc placed at one end of the drum and
on the other end of this shaft is a toothed pinion which engages with a toothed
disc secured to a pulley round which passes a belt for driving a counter shaft on
which is mounted a cone pulley. The other rollers Nos. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 are
similarly mounted but the disc in which the individual shafts of the rollers revolve is
placed at the opposite end of the carding drum, the gearing by which they are actuated
being also arranged at the opposite end to that occupied by the gearing of the first
mentioned rollers and the toothed wheel on the axle of the drum by which the
rollers are rotated is in one with a pulley which gives rotation by inéaus of a strap
to a second counter shaft. This shaft which is also provided with a cone pulley
arranged in a reverse direction to that placed on the counter shaft before referreit

page_text: to the two cone pulleys being connected by a strap or belt the position of which on
the cone pulleys may be altered as required by a double forked strap shifter so as
to alter as required the relative speed of the shafts and hence the said two sets of
card rollers. If the fabric be traversed in a direction opposite to that in which the
carding drum is rotated the teeth of one set of rollers by coming in contact with
the fabric will cause that set to revolve all in the same direction on their individual
axes and transmit movement by means of its gearing to one of the counter shafts,
the said movement being communicated to the other counter shaft by the belt and
cone pulleys and from thence to the other set of rollers the card teeth of which are
inclined in the opposite direction to the first set. By this means the pile or nap is
alternately raised and depressed by the alternate sets of card rollers. A like effect
will also be produced if the fabric and carding drum be driven in the same direction
provided a sufficient difference in speed be allowed between the fabric and the
carding drum.
The clearer mechanism which removes the waste attached to the teeth of the
card rollers comprises two cylinders or rollers mounted so as to be free to revolve
in opposite directions in bearings carried by sliding plates fitted one on each side
of the machine. These cylinders are both placed in the same plane below the
carding drum and parallel therewith and are provided with card teeth. On the
shaft which carries the carding drum and revolving therewith at either end is
provided a cam disc which actuates by means of a roller and a spring the slide
plates which carry the cleaning rollers so as to bring the latter into and out of
contact with the card rollers. The action of this cam mechanism is such that each
of the clearer cylinders operates only upon the rollers whose card teeth are inclined
in a suitable direction.
In case it may be desired to act upon the fabric with card rollers having their
teeth arranged all in the same direction it is only necessary to alter the clothing of
the cards of one half of the rollers and the machine will act without any further
change.
Dated this 15th day of February 1894.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Teasling or Dressing
Textile Fabrics.
I JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has
been communicated to me from abroad by Gustave Bauche and Henri Bauche
both of Reims (Marne) in the Republic of France Manufacturers) and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus for teasling or
dressing textile fabrics, the said improvements consisting in means for driving the
card rollers or acting devices and in apparatus for cleaning the said rollers. The
acting devices or card rollers are arranged around a shaft in the form of a drum or
cage and are driven collectively by the said shaft either in the direction in which
the fabric is moved or in the reverse direction, each acting device also receiving
rotary motion by means hereinafter described. The direction of inclination of the
card teeth is reversed on the acting devices or rollers alternately in opposite
directions. Mounted on the shaft which supports the drum or cage formed by the
series of card rollers are two cam discs, whereby an oscillating movement is
communicated to slides carrying clearer cylinders or devices for clearing waste from

page_text: the card rollers on acting devices which clearers are moved by the cams so as to
come in contact intermittently with the card rollers.
And in order that my said invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures on the annexed sheets of drawings the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 of the drawings is a sectional elevation of a machine constructed in
accordance with this invention, Figure 2 an end elevation,
Figures 3, 3 and 4 detail views showing the clearing mechanism,
Figures 5 and 6 diagrams to explain the action of the card rollers on the
fabric,
Figure 7 is a plan of the machine showing the mechanism for driving the card
rollers,
Figure 8 is an end view of the driving mechanism and
Figure 9 shows the means provided for driving the clearing rollers.
The shaft 1 carrying the carding drum receives motion from any suitable motor
by a strap passing round the pulley 2, and the carding drum consists of discs 3 in.
which are mounted an even number of rollers or cylinders, provided with card
teeth. In the drawings a drum is shewn as having twelve card rollers or devices 4.
to 15 but any other even number may be employed. As shewn in Figures 2, 3
and 4 the card teeth on the rollers alternately incline in opposite directions that is
to say the teeth on the cylinders 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 incline in the reverse
direction to the teeth on the cylinders 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15.
This arrangement has for its object to cause the teeth of the cylinders to act
upon the fabric alternately, in opposite directions so that the pile or nap raised by
This part of
one card roller may be depressed by the succeeding roller and so on.
the machine is not novel but only the particular means hereinafter described for.
actuating the card rollers.
In Figure 5 of the drawings the fabric 34 is supposed to be moving in the
opposite direction to that in which the drum is rotating. The teeth of the card
rollers 4. 6. 8. 10. 12 and 14 being all inclined in the same direction and these teeth
being in contact with the fabric 34 (Figure 5) the said six rollers are by the
movement of the fabric caused to rotate in the direction shown by the dotted arrow
on the roller 4.
On the right hand side of the machine (Figure 1) the shafts or axes of these
six rollers are mounted in bearings 16 in the disc 3 and at the opposite end each
shaft carries a toothed pinion 17 which engages with the teeth of a spur wheel 18
attached to or formed in one with a pulley 19 fast on a sleeve fitted to turn on the
shaft 1. The action of the fabric on the six card rollers 4. 6. 8. 10. 12 and 14
thus imparts through their pinions 17 and spur wheel 18 continuous rotation to the
pulley 19.
An endless belt or driving strap a passes round this pulley 19 and round a similar
pulley c on another or transmission shaft b by means of which strap, motion is
transmitted from the pulley 19 to the said shaft b. On this shaft bis a cone drum d
from which movement is communicated to a second transmission shaft g by means
of a belt from drum d passing round a cone drum arranged on the shaft
reverse direction to the cone d. The belt may be adjusted in position on the cone
drums d and by a strap fork worked by a screw k and hand wheel i so as to
vary the relative speeds of the shafts b and
J.
in a
At the right hand end of the shaft g is a pulley 1 similar to the pulley c on the
shalt round which pulley 7 and a pulley 20 on the shaft 1 passes a belt m.
Connected to the pulley 20 is a toothed wheel 21 similar to the wheel 18 at the
opposite side of the machine and herein before referred to. The wheel 21 receives
a continuous rotary movement from the shaft g and transmits rotation to the
toothed pinions 22 provided on the shafts of the card rollers 5. 7. 9. 11. 13 and 15.
In this manner all the card rollers 4 to 15 are caused to revolve in the same
direction.
:

page_text: move
The action of the clearer devices or cylinders is shown more particularly in
Figures 3, 34 and 4 of the drawings. Two clearer cylinders or rollers 25 and 26
are mounted in the same horizontal plane below the card rollers and parallel
therewith. The bearings of the shafts carrying these cylinders are mounted on
each side of the machine in a slide plate 27 the rods 28 of which can
vertically in supports 29, springs 30 tending always to raise the said rods and
consequently the clearer cylinders 25 and 26. Cam discs 31 are secured to and
revolve with the shaft 1 and in constant contact with rollers 32 secured to the slide
plates 27 by the springs 30. The cams turning simultaneously with the group of
card rollers cause the clearer cylinders to take up the different positions shown in
Figures 3, 3 and 4 relative to the card rollers. The clearer cylinders 25 and 26
are caused to revolve in opposite directions by means of a pulley p and belt 7 the
said pulley p deriving motion from the shaft 1 or any other source. The
cylinders 25, 26 are provided with card teeth inclined in opposite directions.
In Figure 3 the roller 32 is represented in contact with a concentric portion of
the cam disc 31, this being the higbest position of the said slide plates 27 and
consequently of the clearer cylinders 25 and 26. So long as the roller 32 is in
contact with this concentric surface of the cam disc the two clearer rollers are
caused to act upon the card rollers the clearer rollers having their teeth suitably
inclined so as to remove any waste or fluff adhering to the cards. The card
rollers 5. 7. 9. 11. 13 and 15 are cleaned by the cylinder 25 and the card
rollers 4. 6. 8. 10. 12 and 14 are cleaned by the cylinder 26.
The teeth of the card rollers are prevented from being damaged while passing
over the clearing cylinders by cam projections 33 on the cam discs 31 which at
certain intervals act on the rollers 32 on the slide plates 27 to depress the clearing
cylinders 25, 26 out of contact with the card rollers as shown in Figure 4, so that
each cleaning cylinder is caused to act on alternate card rollers.
The slight vertical movements communicated to the slides 27 by the action of
the cam discs 31 on the rollers 32 do not prevent the continuous action of the
pulley 9.
The fabric 34 may be brought in contact with the carding drum by any suitable
means and may be caused to move in a direction opposite to that of the drum as
shown in Figure 5, or in the same direction as the drum as shewu in Figure 6, the
speed of the fabric being always slow compared with the peripheral speed of the
drum. As shown in Figure 5 for instance the carding roiler 4 is made to turn in
the direction of the arrow 35 by the teeth thereof penetrating the fabric and the
movement of this roller is transmitted by the spur wheels 18 and 21 as herein before
explained to the adjacent roller 15.
Although the teeth of the card rollers 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 rotate in the same
direction as the movement of the fabric the speed at which they move being much
higher than that of the fabric they cause a drawing of the pile in the reverse
direction to that produced by the rollers 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 the teeth of which
incline in the opposite direction. In cases where the movements of the fabric and
the drum are in the same direction as indicated by the arrows (Figure 6) the card
rollers 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 derive movement from the fabric owing to the
difference of speed of the fabric and the rollers and similar effects to those above
mentioned are produced.
In case it be desired to act upon the fabric with the card teeth of all the rollers
arranged in the same direction, it is only necessary to alter the clothing of the
cards of half of the rollers and the machine will act without any further change.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I am
aware of the Specification of Letters Patent 5394 of 1888 as twice amended and of
the Specification of Letters Patent 19929 of 1890 and I do not claim anything
therein described and claimed but what I claim is : :-
1. In machines for teasling or dressing textile fabrics in which the acting devices

page_text: or rollers are provided alternately with card teeth inclined in opposite directions
the combination therewith of rollers or cylinders for clearing waste from the
acting devices or rollers and means for moving the said cleaning rollers or cylinders
into and out of contact with the acting devices or rollers substantially as herein-
before described.
2. In machines for teasling or dressing textile fabrics in which are acting devices
or rollers having card teeth, means for rotating and altering the speed of rotation
of the said acting device or rollers the said means consisting of the combination of
spur wheels on the shaft or axle on which discs carrying the acting rollers are
mounted the said spur wheels gearing with pinions on the axes of the acting rollers,
belt pulleys fast on the shaft or axle on which the discs carrying the acting rollers
are mounted and belts passing round these pulleys and round similar pulleys on two
counter shafts so as to impart rotation to the said counter shafts, cone pulleys
arranged in opposite directions on the counter shafts, an endless belt or band
connecting these cone pulleys, and a strap fork for shifting the position of this
endless band on the cone pulleys to vary the speed as required substantially as
hereinbefore described.
3. In machines for teasling or dressing textile fabrics in which acting rollers
such as hereinbefore described are employed, the combination therewith of cleaning
rollers or cylinders arranged outside the drum formed by the acting rollers and
carrying discs so as to operate on two acting rollers simultaneously and so that the
whole of the acting rollers will be operated on by the cleaning rollers during each
complete rotation of the drum substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.
4. In machines for teasling or dressing fabrics the combination with acting
devices or card rollers with card teeth arranged alternately in opposite directions
as described, of cleaning rollers or cylinders and means for imparting rotation
thereto and also reciprocating motions towards and from the acting or card rollers,
spur wheels 18 and 21 mounted loosely on the shaft or axis carrying the card
rollers, and gearing with pinions on the axes of the said card rollers, pulleys 19
and 20 connected to or formed in one with the spur wheels 18 and 21 respectively,
belts a and m for giving motion from the pulley 19, 20 to two shafts b and g, cone
drums d and f arranged in reverse direction on the shafts b6 and 9, au endless band
passing round the coue drums d and f and means for shifting the position of the
band along the said cones, the whole being arranged to operate substantially in
the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 12th day of November 1894.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX.
Agents.