IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS and in what manner the same
Year: 1885

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I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS
and
in what manner the same. is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improved mechanism for supplying, guiding and.
delivering pile-warp, in looms adapted for weaving fabrics composed of two cloths
or backings with connecting pile-threads between them, which are severed laterally
to produce two distinct pieces of pile-fabric, and is designed to effect a more
regular delivery of said warp than heretofore.
+
The construction and operation of looms of this character are well, known and
need not be herein particularly described, but reference may be made to the
specification of Letters Patent granted to George Davies and dated November 1,
A.D. 1858, No 2429 for the general and necessary features of such machines.
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It has been found by experience in the use of. such machines that the quality
of the product depends largely upon the regularity and uniformity with which
the warp for the pile is supplied and delivered, and this invention consists solely
in providing improved mechanism in lieu of that used in Davies' machine, for
effecting the letting off, supporting and guiding, and taking up and delivering of
the pile-warp.
In the accompanying drawing,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of that part of a loom containing the mechanism for
supplying, guiding and delivering the pile-warp.
Figure 2 is a side view or diagram showing the arrangement and position of the
several rollers and parts constituting said mechanism, and the relative positions of
the ground-warp rollers.
Figure 3 is a view of some of the parts. detached.
Appropriately mounted in the frame A of the loom, are beams G and H around.
which the pile-warp-threads are: wound, and these threads are delivered from

page_text: thence to a guide roller R secured in the frame of the loom, and thence to a pair
of metal rollers turned perfectly true and covered with cloth, plush or other like
rough surface material in order to create friction between the surface of the
roller and the warp-threads. These rollers C, C are suitably mounted upon shafts
having bearings in a bracket bolted to the frame A of the loom; and they are
independently rotated towards each other, with unvarying uniformity and precision,
by means of worm-wheels on the axes thereof, which wheels engage with two
worins or screws F, F¹, one for each roller. One worm has a left hand screw-
thread and the other a right hand screw, and the said worms are mounted on a
horizontal shaft E, which has its bearings in à bracket X X also secured to the side
of the frame A.
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One end of this shaft is provided with a bevelled gear-wheel which engages
with a similar bevelled gear-wheel on the end of the picking shaft D and is thus
continuously driven. The other end of said shaft E bears against a rod in the
bracket X, provided with a jam-nut, in order thereby to secure the desired pressure
against the shaft and its actuating wheel, more especially when actuated by friction
as a substitute for the gear-wheels shown.
The pile-warp-threads are delivered directly from the guide roller R to one of
the metal rollers C and pass under and around the same, and from thence in like
manner under and around the other roller C, said rollers, rotating towards each
other; from the said läst mentioned roller C the pile-warp is carried to a second
guide roller S supported horizontally in the frame A, and is from thence taken
up by vertical rods Y held up by pull springs W, to support the warp in its
passage to the heddles V and to create the necessary tension thereon to hold the
same taut.
It has been found in practice that in carrying the pile-warp-threads to a point
over the main rollers C, the loose waste driven off by the operation will drop on
to the warp after passing the second roller C, not only injuring the pile-warp but
clogging the mechanism. To prevent this, I arrange a metal shield T over the
second roller C, consisting of a flat tin or other suitable plate extending from side
to side of the loom and secured to the frame thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what,
I claim is
First. In a loom for weaving double pile fabrics, the means shewn and described
for supplying, guiding and delivering pile-warp-threads from the warp-beam to the
beddle-fraine, and consisting of the guide rollers R and S, and independently
rotated covered rollers C, C, mechanism for rotating the said rollers towards each
other, and mechanism for creating a tension on said pile-warp after it leaves the:
said rollers; the said parts being combined, arranged, and operating substantially
as, and for the purposes, set forth.
Second. The combination, with the second covered roller C, of a shield T sup->
ported over said roller, as set forth.
Third. The combination of the covered rollers CC provided with worm-wheels
on the axes thereof, the horizontal shaft E with right and left hand worms thereon
engaging with the worm-wheels of said rollers to independently rotate the same
towards each other, means whereby said shaft is driven, and means for delivering
pile-warp to and from said covered rollers, substantially as described.
Fourth. The combination of the .bracket ✗, the frame A, the horizontal worm-
shaft E provided with right and left hand worms, mechanism for driving the said
shaft and a horizontal rod with jam-nut L, all constructed and arranged substan-
tially as described,
Fifth. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for supplying, guiding
and delivering pile-warp, and consisting of an upper and a lower guide roller with
a pair of independently rotated covered rollers located between them, with

page_text: mechanism for rotating said covered rollers towards each other, in order that the
pile-warp may be first carried under and around the first of said covered rollers
and from thence to, under, and around the second of said covered rollers, substan-
tially as set forth.