Improvements in Apparatus for Washing and Cleansing Calico Printers' Blanketing.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Nov., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 9th Aug., 1895-Accepted. 14th Sept., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Washing and Cleansing Calico
Printers' Blanketing.
We WILLIE HADFIELD of Furness Vale, in the County of Chester, Colourist,
JOSEPH JOHNSON SUMNER of the same place, Mechanic, and HENRY HADFIELD
also of the same place, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
Our said invention relates to improved means for washing and cleansing calico
printers' blanketing and consists principally in certain novel methods of arranging
and operating the brushes which are used in such apparatus.
Under one arrangement we make use of longitudinal flat or approximately flat
brushes, applied to the face of the blanket as it passes through the apparatus.
Such brushes have heretofore been reciprocated, in some cases longitudinally and
in other cases in the direction of the traverse of the blanket, as for example in an
invention for which we have inade application for a Patent No. 12772 of 1894.
Under our present invention we so operate the brushes as to cause them to
partake of both of these motions and so as to give a circular scouring action to the
brushes. The blanket on its passage through the apparatus is led over a cylinder
and the brushes are preferably opposed to the blanket at this point so that the
blanket is supported against the action of the brushes. The brushes are preferably
mounted upon arms or in a swing frame pivotted upon the axle of the cylinder
around which the blanketing is led. The said swing frame or arms is or are
operated by a quick running excentric or crank or other means so that the brushes
are moved to and fro in a circular path in contact with the blanket and in the same
direction as the traverse of the blanket. In combination with this motion we also
move the brushes longitudinally and at right angles to the direction of traverse of
the blanket. This may be done in several ways. One method is to provide cam
surfaces or slots or guides projecting from or carried by the framing or trough of
the apparatus, and operating bowls or parts on the brushes so as to cause them to
reciprocate in a direction at right angles to the circular path in which they are
carried by the swing frame or arms. The result of the combined motions is that
the brushes oscillate through a circular or curved path, and have a scouring action
upon the blanket which is well calculated to remove dirt and discolouration
therefrom. Any suitable number of these brushes are used and the usual spirt
pipes to discharge water or cleansing fluid upon the face of the blanketing, are
provided. The brushes are made adjustable so as to exercise any required degree
of pressure upon the blanket. We do not confine ourselves to carrying the brushes
in a pivotted swing frame or on arms, as they might be carried between revolving
or oscillating cranks or levers. or in any other way which will give them the
described circular scouring motion. Instead of the said longitudinal or flat brushes
we might also use circular or cylindrical brushes the novelty consisting in an
improved mode of operating such brushes so as to obtain the best results.
We
might mount the said circular brushes in a swing frame or in arms pivotted on the
axis of the drum around which the blanketing is led, the brushes being set with
the required degree of pressure against the blanketing.
Upon one or both ends of the brush axle we might place a pinion gearing with a
circular rack on the frame so that as the brush is oscillated to and fro it revolves
first in one direction and then in the other. This reversal of the direction of

page_text: rotation of the brushes keeps the bristles from being worn on one side only and
preserves the efficiency of the brush for a much longer period. We do not confine
ourselves to any particular mode of mounting or operating the brushes having this
reversing motion, and in conjunction with the reversable circular brushes we might
also introduce a reciprocating motion in the direction of their length.
This reciprocating motion could be obtained from a cam surface or cam surfaces
or from a crank or lever or any other means which would give the required
reciprocation of the brushes. Circular or cylindrical brushes of this type would
thus have three motions viz. the reciprocating motion in the direction of traverse
of the blanket; the rotatory reversable motion; and the end wise to and fro motion.
We might however apply the said end wise to and fro motion to circular or
cylindrical brushes which are not arranged to reciprocate in the direction of
traverse of the blanket, and brushes of this nature whether reciprocated or not
might be arranged so as to be automatically reversed from time to time so as to
prevent the bristles from being worn on one side only. In conjunction with any or
all of the foregoing arrangements we prefer to use the drying brush described in
our Specification No. 12772 aforesaid, the use of such drying brush enabling us to
dispense with the customary doctors and squeezers.
One
Under a further modification of the longitudinal or flat brush arrangement, we
might pivot the flat brush at about the centre of its length and rock it upon this
pivot by means of a connecting rod and excentric or crank or other means.
result of this arrangement would be that the greatest motion of the brush would be
at the points where the scouring action is most required viz. at each edge or
selvedge of the blanketing.
Dated this 8th day of November 1894.
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Washing and Cleansing Calico
Printers' Blanketing.
We WILLIE HADFIELD of Furness Vale, in the County of Chester, Colourist,
JOSEPH JOHNSON SUMNER of the same place, Mechanic, and HENRY HADFIELD
also of the same place, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
Our said invention relates to improved means for washing and cleansing calico
printers' blanketing and consists principally in certain novel methods of arranging
and operating the brushes which are used in such apparatus.
Under one arrangement we make use of longitudinal flat or approximately flat
brushes, applied to the face of the blanket as it passes through the apparatus.
Such brushes have heretofore been reciprocated in some cases longitudinally, and in
other cases in the direction of the traverse of the blanket as for example in an
invention for which we have obtained Letters Patent No. 12772 of 1894.
Under our present invention we so operate such brushes as to cause them to
partake of both of these motions and so as to give a circular or diagonal scouring
action to the brushes. The blanket on its passage through the apparatus is led
over a cylinder and the brushes are preferably opposed to the blanket at this point
so that the blanket is supported against the action of the brushes.
In order that our said invention may be more fully understood we will now refer
to the accompanying sheet of drawings which illustrates the same.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a blanket washing apparatus showing the general
arrangement of the parts.

page_text: Fig. 2 shows a flat brush mounted to reciprocate end wise as well as in a circular
path in the direction of the traverse of the blanket.
Fig. 3 illustrates a flat brush mounted so as to be carried round by cranks or
discs so as to execute a circular scouring sweep upon the blanketing.
Fig. 4 is a plan of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 shows a method of imparting an independent reversing motion to a
cylindrical scouring brush, by means of a fixed curved rack.
Fig. 6 shows another mode of effecting the same result by a pivotted quadrant.
Figs. 7. 8 and 9 illustrate a centrally pivotted rocking flat brush adapted to
operate on the blanketing.
Fig. 1 is merely intended as a general indication of the arrangement of the
brushes round the central blanketing carrying cylinder. The containing and
supporting trough is marked a, the blanketing 6 and the carrying rollers c. In
this fig. we show one flat brush d which might be the diagonally moving brush
shown in Fig. 2; while the cylindrical brush marked e might be the reversible
brush shown in Fig. 5 for example. The brushes d and e may be carried on
arms extending from loose central bosses f1 carried on the shaft g on each end of
the central blanket traversing cylinder h. The brushes d and e are set against this
cylinder with any desired pressure. The bosses and brush carrying arms being
rocked by quickly running excentrics i connected by rods to the bosses, it is
evident the brushes are moved through a circular path in the direction of traverse
of the blanketing. The ends of the brush backing d or it might be one end only,
carry bowls which enter inclined slots in brackets k attached to the side of the
trough or to any other suitable fixed part. As the brush d is reciprocated to and
fro in its curved path it is also moved endwise by the influence of the bowls j
running in the inclined slots. Thus the brush d sweeps up and down in a diagonal
path as indicated in Fig. 2, so that what with the double motion of the brush and
the forward motion of the blanketing a compound scouring action is produced which
is very favourable for cleansing purposes.
In Figs. 3 and 4 we illustrate a flat brush carried upon crank pins o. o. which
project from discs o¹, o¹ the said discs being fixed upon studs p. p driven by chain
wheels 9. 9 and chain g' a driving pulley 92 being provided on one end of one of
the studs p.
The bar which supports the whole might either be fixed or it
might be carried on a concentrically reciprocating frame just as in the case of the
brushes d. e.
Further, instead of being moved in a curved path as described the aforesaid flat
brushes might be moved to and fro in the direction of traverse of the blanketing
in a straight path. Thus for instance the blanketing might be stretched between
two rollers, or it might be drawn over a flat surface.
In Fig. 5. we indicate the cylindrical brush working against the central
backing cylinder h, and carried in a concentric reciprocatory path by the swinging
radial arms as shown in Fig. 1. The end or ends of the shaft e¹ of the brush carry
a pinion or pinions which engage with a curved rack e³ fixed to the side of the
trough. As the brush e is swung in its concentric path it is also, by the gearing of
the pinion e with the rack, cansed to rotate alternately in reverse directions thus
exerting a double scrubbing effect upon the blanketing. A similar reversing effect
might be exercised upon a stationary brush e as shown at Fig. 6. Here a toothed
quadrant is pivotted upon the central cylinder shaft g of the cylinder h. An
extension is connected by a link 2 with an excentric or crank and as the
quadrant t is reciprocated it imparts alternate reversing motions to the pinion s¹
and therefore to the brush e which thus scours and cleanses the blanketing. The
alternate reversals of the cylindrical brushes e as indicated with reference to the
last two figs. keeps the brushes from being worn on one side only and preserves
the efficiency of the brush for a much longer period.
Figs. 7, 8 and 9 illustrate a flat brush & pivotted at dat about the centre of its
length and so as to rock on this pivot. The pivot stud d' is carried by a boss u¹
on the fixed supporting bar u and the outer end of the stud carries a crank v which

page_text: is connected by a rod to any suitable moving part which will cause the brush d to
rock as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 7. One beneficial result of this
arrangement is that the greatest motion of the brush is at the points where the
scouring action is most required, and where the dirt on the blanketing is thickest
and takes the greatest amount of scouring action to dislodge, viz., at each edge or
selvedge of the blanketing.
It will be understood that although we have described convenient and suitable
mechanical means for operating the brushes in the several manners hereinbefore set
forth, we do not confine ourselves to these mechanical details and means so long as
the brushes are operated in the indicated manner.
In conjunction with any or all of the foregoing arrangements we use or may
use the drying brush w appearing in Fig. 1 of the annexed drawings and
already described and claimed in the Specification of our prior Patent No. 12772
of 1894.
The usual spurt pipes for discharging water or other cleansing liquid upon the
face of the blanketing are provided.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In apparatus for washing and cleansing calico printers blanketing, imparting
end wise to and fro motion to flat brushes which are reciprocated in a curved or
straight path in the direction of traverse of the blanketing, substantially in the
manner and as hereinbefore described and indicated in Figs. 1 and 2.
2. In apparatus for washing and cleansing calico printers blanketing, imparting
a circular scouring motion to flat brushes, substantially by the means and in the
manner hereinbefore described and as indicated in Figs. 3 and 4.
3. In apparatus of the indicated nature imparting a compound motion to a
cylindrical scouring brush, the said compound motion consisting of a reciprocating
concentric motion in the direction of traverse of the blanketing combined with
alternate reversing motions of the brush itself, substantially as described and as
indicated in Fig. 5.
4. In apparatus of the indicated nature imparting alternate reversing motions
to a cylindrical cleansing brush, substantially as described and shown in Fig. 6.
5. In apparatus for washing and cleansing calico printers blanketing, pivotting a
flat brush at or about the centre of its length, and vibrating the said brush by any
suitable means so as, inter alia, to create a greater scouring effect upon the edges or
selvedges of the blanketing than upon the centre, substantially as described and
shown in Figs. 7 to 9 of the drawings.
Dated this 8th do...
1002
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Chartered Patent Agents,
For the Applicants.