Improvements in and relating to Machinery Driving Belts.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 8th Oct., 1892-Accepted. 3rd Dec.
1802
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Machinery Driving Belts.
We, JAMES HENDRY, and ALEXANDER HENDRY, both of 41 Canning Street,
Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Saddlers, do hereby declare the nature of our invention to
be as follows:-
This invention has reference to and comprises improvements in the modes and
means of constructing or connecting up, fastening and jointing machinery driving
belts or straps formed of narrow strips of leather or equivalent material, laid
longitudinally on edge parallel side by side, of the breadth the belt requires to be
in thickness and of the character described in the Specification of our former
Patent No. 12,592 Augt. 12 1890, and the present improvements will make these
belts stronger and more durable, efficient, and pliable for passing round the driving
pulleys than they have been as heretofore constructed.
The improvements consist in an improved method of cutting the narrow parallel
strips of leather out of the hide, and also in securing these together by strong
thread, catgut, or metallic ductile wire sewn or drawn transversely through holes
pierced in same, at suitable distances apart, through the entire width of the belt
instead of securing the strips together by screw nails or screwing as described in
the Specification of our said former Patent.
One mode of carrying out these improvements consists in cutting the narrow
parallel strip out of the hide of the width the belt is to be in thickness, and to get
them in long lengths the strips are cut in a volute or scroll-manner from the outside
of the hide inwards, or it might be segmentally or in straight lengths; but when
cut scroll ways or curvilineally, the convex edges are all kept to form one side of
the belt in putting the strips together, so that the belt may in this way have a
natural inner and outer side, bending more naturally on the inside to the shape of
the driving pulleys, and be stronger in their traction action. The strips are then
taken and punched near the centre with small holes at equal distances apart in any
convenient dividing and punching machine, when they are then rolled on large
reels or bobbins. The outer edge strips previously punched with holes as described
are preferably formed of very thick hide and pierced or cut by grooved cutters,
with fine grooves or recesses on the outer edge in the line of their holes, either
continuously or only between each alternate hole reversed on opposite edges of the
belt for the loops of the thread, cord, or wire to lie sunk in, so that the shifting
fork when acting on the edges of the belt would not touch same.
The mode of forming and securing these narrow leather strips to form the belts
consists in mounting on spindles previously wound up reels of the strips in a vertical
ack or bench, with as many reels of strips as would go to form one belt of the
vidth desired, and bring these down through a dividing comb under a horizontal
oller into a grooved horizontal compressing spout or frame between guide cheeks
which might have antifriction rollers in them to squeeze the strips together, the
elt being drawn through by gripping rollers at the delivery side, over the flat
urface of this pressing frame, and the strips kept with their holes in line trans-
ersely by having a few wires temporarily inserted at intervals apart, as they
dvanced into the compressing frame where they would be sewn by the thread
reviously twisted into proper thicknesses of strands and well waxed or otherwise
bated. One mode of sewing would consist in forming the strands so that they
quire to be doubled to fill the holes as they were drawn through. The two loose
ads of the strands would be knotted, while the loop end of the long double thread
hich would preferably not be waxed so highly for a few inches to allow it to be
ore easily drawn through the holes in the belt would have a finer thread looped

page_text: to it, and attached to the eye of a long fine needle. The needle would then be
inserted from one edge through the first hole so that the fine thread would draw
the unwaxed looped end of the securing thread through the hole, allowing it to be
caught by the band, or a gripping instrument, and pulled tight up to the knot,
filling the hole completely and tightly. The thread would then be taken through
the next or second hole from the opposite side and drawn tight through in like
manner, pulling the loop end between the holes quite into the groove of the outer
thick edge strip of the belt. In like manner the needle and thread would be passed
through the third hole and tightened up with its loop at this edge of the belt sunk
in the groove also, and so on throughout the whole belt as the strips were fed
forward, removing the guide wires as they advanced. This sewing however may
be done by two double threads in this way from opposite sides through each hole,
thus first passing the needle from one side with the one double thread through the
hole, and the other needle from the other side with its double thread through the
same hole drawing the two double threads from opposite sides through the hole to
fill it completely. The two needles with their threads are then passed through the
second or next hole in succession from opposite sides and the wax threads drawn
tight, drawing both their loops at the edges of the belt quite into the grooves of the
edge strips, to guard them from the action of the shifting fork. In splicing the
ends of these belts they would be cut with a long V angle across the strips, and
the other part with an equivalent reverse angle to be inserted into each other
until the transverse lacing or sewing holes in each came opposite when the spliced
part would be sewn substantially as described in reference to the sewing of the body
of the belt. Or thongs of catgut or metallic wire might be used as the sewing or
lacing material instead of the waxed threads at these splicing parts. The strips
might be made of any thickness of hide and dressed to a uniform thickness either
before being cut out of the hide or after being cut into strips, and the thicker hides
may be split into two strips so as to make the strips of a uniform narrow thickness
of the thinnest hides used, and both the threads and the strips might be sewn over
a heated chamber so as to make the waxed or coated threads be more easily drawn
through the holes especially for wide belts.
Dated the 8th January 1892.
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Machinery Driving Belts.
We, JAMES HENDRY, and ALEXANDER HENDRY, both of 41 Canning Street,
Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Saddlers, do hereby declare the nature of our invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, that is to say :-
This invention has reference to and comprises improvements in the modes and
means of constructing or connecting up, fastening, and jointing machinery driving
belts or straps. formed of narrow strips of leather or equivalent material, laid
longitudinally on edge parallel side by side, of the breadth the belt requires to be
in thickness and of the character described in the Specification of our former
Patent No. 12,592 Augt. 12 1890, and the present improvements will make these
belts stronger and more durable, efficient, and pliable for passing round the driving
pulleys than they have been as heretofore constructed.
The improvements consist in an improved method of cutting the narrow parallel
strips of leather out of the hide and also in securing these together by strong
thread, catgut, or metallic ductile wire sewn or drawn transversely through holes
pierced in same, at suitable distances apart, through the entire width of the belt,
instead of securing the strips together by screw nails, or screwing as described in
the Specification of our said former Patent,

page_text: And in order that our said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, we have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings in which
.
Figure 1 represents a top or plan view partly in section of part of a belt as
5 constructed in accordance with our improvements; and
Figure 2 is a side or edge view corresponding to Figure 1 looking from the
upper edge.
Referring to the drawings:-One mode of carrying out our improvements consists
in cutting the narrow parallel strips a, out of the hide, of the width the belt is to be
Din thickness, and to get them in long lengths the strips are cut in a volute or scroll-
manner from the outside of the hide inwards, or it might be segmentally or in
straight lengths; but when cut scroll ways or curvilineally, the convex edges are
all kept to form one side of the belt in putting the strips together so that the belt
may in this way have a natural inner and outer side, bending more naturally on the
inside to the shape of the driving pulleys, and be stronger in their traction action.
The strips a, are then taken and punched near the centre with small holes at a¹, at
equal distances apart in any convenient dividing and punching machine, when they
are then rolled on large reels or bobbins. The outer edge strips a', previously
punched with holes at a as described are preferably formed of very thick hide and
pierced or cut by grooved cutters, with fine grooves or recesses at a³, on the outer
edge in the line of their holes a', a', either continuously or preferably as shown
only between each alternate hole a¹, reversed on opposite edges a², a², of the belt
for the loops of the thread, cord, or wire to lie sunk in, as indicated in dotted lines,
so that the shifting fork when acting on the edges a³ of the belt would not touch
the loops.
The mode of forming and securing these narrow leather strips a to form the belts
consists in mounting on spindles previously wound up reels of the strips a, in a
vertical rack or bench, with as many reels of strips as would go to form one belt of
the width desired, and bringing these down through a dividing comb under a
horizontal roller into a grooved horizontal compressing spout or frame between
guide cheeks which might have antifriction rollers in them to squeeze the strips
together, the belt being drawn through by gripping rollers at the delivery side,
over the flat surface of this pressing frame, and the strips kept with their
holes a in line transversely by having a few wires temporarily inserted at
intervals apart, as they advanced into the compressing frame where they would be
sewn by the thread previously twisted into proper thickness of strands and well
waxed or otherwise coated. One mode of sewing would consist in forming the
strands which pass through the holes a', a³, so that they require to be doubled to
fill the holes as they were drawn through. The two loose ends of the strands would
be knotted, while the loop end of the long double thread, which would preferably
not be waxed so highly for a few inches to allow it to be more easily drawn through
the holes in the belt would have a finer thread looped to it, and attached to the eye
of a long fine needle. The needle would then be inserted from one edge through
the first hole so that the fine thread would draw the unwaxed looped end of the
ecuring thread through the hole, allowing it to be caught by the hand, or a gripping
nstrument, and pulled tight up to the knot, filling the hole completely and tightly.
The thread would then be taken through the next or second hole from the opposite
ide and drawn tight through in like manner, pulling the loop end between the holes
uite into the groove a³ of the outer thick edge strips a' of the belt. In like manner
he needle and thread would be passed through the third hole and tightened up
ith its loop at this edge of the belt sunk in the groove a³ also, and so on throughout
he whole belt as the strips a, were fed forward, removing the guide wires as they
dvanced. This sewing however may, for narrow belts, be done by two double
reads in this way from opposite sides through each hole, thus first passing the
eedle from one side with the one double thread through the hole, and the other
eedle from the other side with its double thread through the same hole drawing
e two double threads from opposite sides through the hole to fill it completely.

page_text: The two needles with their threads are then passed through the second or next hole
in succession from opposite sides and the wax threads drawn tight, drawing both
their loops at the edges of the belts quite into the grooves a' of the edge strips a to
guard them from the action of the shifting fork. In splicing the ends of these belts
they would be cut with a long semi-✓ straight angle across the strips, or a stepped
angle line, as shown in the drawings, and the other part with an equivalent
reverse semi-V angle b to be inserted into or close to each other with a
straight line joint 6 at the centre of belt until the transverse lacing or sewing
holes a in each came opposite each other when the spliced part b, b', would
he sewn through the holes a', a, substantially as described in reference to the
sewing of the body of the belt. Or thongs of catgut or metallic wire might be
used as the sewing or lacing material instead of the waxed threads at these splicing
parts b, b. The strips a might be made of any thickness of hide and dressed to a
uniform thickness either before being cut out of the hide or after being cut into
strips, and the thicker hides may be split into two strips so as to make the strips of
a uniform narrow thickness of the thinnest hides used, and both the threads and the
strips might be sewn over a heated chamber so as to make the waxed or coated
threads be more easily drawn through the holes especially for wide belts.
Cementing solution may be spread over the adjacent edges of the strips a to more
firmly bind them together.
In making very broad driving belts according to our improvements they would
be formed in sectional parts, with their transverse holes all punched in line. In
sewing these the thread would be first passed through the holes a¹ in one section,
and then through the corresponding holes in line in each following section laid
temporily over the first. The finished sections when all sewn would then be folded
down in the parallel straight line to the full width of the belt. The splicing parts
would be sewn separately; and the joining parts of the sections of belts would be
held together by separate inter-lacing at right angles to the former thread lacing,
or be covered with a lap or strips of leather laced on the upper side, or be held by
clips to hold them together.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is :-
First. The construction and use of machinery driving belts formed of a series of
strips of leather, or the like, set on edge and punched with equally divided holes
and sewn or laced together with thread, catgut, wire, or equivalent material, sub-
stantially as and in the manner herein described in reference to and by way of
application shown in the accompanying drawings.
Second. The herein described method of cutting, and putting together on edge
narrow parallel strips of leather cut spirally from the hide and securing these by
strong thread, catgut, wire, or equivalent material passed through transverse holes,
and sunk in edge grooves to form machinery driving belts, substantially as set
forth.
Dated the 7th October 1899
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.

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