An Improved Storage Battery.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 17th Apr., 1897
An Improved Storage Battery.
I JOSHUA ENTWISLE, Patent Agent of the Firm of E. K. Dutton & Co.,
Chartered Patent Agents, of 5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (communicated to me
from abroad by Cornelius Thomas Barret, residing in the City of Brooklyn, in
the County of Kings and State of New York, Plumber, doing business at 106 John
Street, New York City,) and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying drawings :-
:-
The object of my invention is to attain a storage battery of longer life and
greater efficiency, and at the same time of lighter construction for a given power
or capacity as compared with batteries heretofore known and used.
Also one in
which the objectionable features of buckling, short circuiting and disintegration
or dropping out of peroxide will be counteracted or avoided.
A distinguishing feature of my invention consists in the use of a cell having a
porous plate of pumice stone, in and upon which the peroxide is applied the said
porous plate and peroxide being enclosed in a leaden box which secures the parts
in intimate contact while providing for the admission and circulation of the
acidulated solution.
$6
"
By this means the plugs of peroxide are positively held in place; and the evil
effects of alternating expansion and contraction met and counteracted. Owing also
to the intimate contact attained between the surfaces and peroxide or equivalent
material, what is known as sulphating or disintegration is practically avoided,
the full efficiency of the cell being thereby maintained. A feature of my invention
in this connection consists in interposing a layer of coke dust between the peroxide
or equivalent material and the interior surface of the leaden case, thereby increasing
the efficiency of both the leaden surfaces and the peroxide owing to the con-
ductivity of the coke dust and the intimate contact or connection which it
establishes between both.
My invention also includes certain other special features of construction and
arrangement used in conjunction with my cell having the porous plate of pumice
stone, the use of the latter material being an essential and important feature of
my battery, affording as it does the required degree of porosity with great strength
and durability.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1, is a section of a tank showing a series of four of my improved cells
in elevation;
Figure 2, a sectional elevation taken upon plane of line 2, 2, Figure 1;
Figure 3, is a side elevation of one of the cells; Figure 4, an edge view of the
same;
0
1;
Figure 5, is a vertical section upon plane of line 5, 5, Figure 2;
Figure 6, a transverse section upon plane of line 6, 6, Figure 1
Figure 7, a view of one end of a porous plate; Figure 8, an edge view of the
same; Figure 9, an isometrical perspective of one half of same;
A, is a tank of any desired size suitable for the accommodation of a specified
number of cells. Each cell B, is enclosed in a casing C, C1, of insulating material,

page_text: such as rubber, vulcanite or equivalent substance. Each casing is made in two
parts or halves, C, C¹, fitting over opposite sides of a cell B, the opposed edges o, c,
being offset to form slots c¹, c', when the halves C, C¹, are joined, through which
slots c, c', the acidulated solution has access to the cell B, as well as through the
perforations c2, c 2, in the top of the casing.
The casings are preferably formed with feet c 3, c 3, to elevate them slightly
from the floor of the tank A; and with lugs c4, c4, through which pass the bolts d, d,
by which the casings and their contents are bound together. Springs d', d',
interposed between the tightening nuts d 2, d 2, and the adjoining casing afford an
elastic tension or yielding pressure which compensates for the expansion and
contraction of the parts inevitably arising from the alternate charging and
discharging of the battery.
The cells B, are coupled together by the connections 6, b, into series of two or
more cells adjoining each other the connections at the opposite ends of the battery
forming respectively the positive and negative poles.
Each cell consists of a box or envelope of lead L, formed with the slots 1, upon
its vertical edges coinciding with the slots c', c', formed between the casings C, C₁,
and with perforations 1, 1, at top, coinciding with the perforations c2, c2, in the
said casings C, C₁. The leaden box L, is made to fit snugly within and between
the halves C, C¹, of the easing, the acidulated liquid circulating only through the
slots c', c', l, l, and perforations c 2, c 2, and 1, 1.
Within each leaden box cell is a porous plate P, of pumice stone, which material
I have found by investigation and experiment to be the most suitable for my
purposes, on account of its high degree of porosity combined with the superior
strength and durability.
The porous slab or plate P, has grooves p, p, formed in its longitudinal edges
which grooves, when the plate is in position within the lead box L, coincide with
the slots 1, 1, in said box, and the slots c', c', between the edges of the casing C, C'.
The plate P, is also formed with the perforations or plug holes p', extending
transversely through its body, these holes being filled with peroxide or equivalent
material, and the broad sides of the plate being then covered with a layer of
such material, over which is then placed a layer of coke dust, so that when the
lead box L, is applied its inner broad surfaces will rest against the layers of
coke dust.
The lead box L, is made in two pieces or otherwise formed so that the porous
plate with its covering material may be inserted, the box being then closed, and
the joint or joints soldered or otherwise secured. The conductors b, b, are also
soldered or otherwise securely joined to the top of the lead box L, and project up
through the slot 12, between the upper edges of the casings C, C¹, when the latter
are applied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
First. In a storage battery a cell consisting of a plate of pumice stone to which
the peroxide or equivalent material applied in combination with a confining
envelope of lead having openings for the admission of the acidulated liquids,
substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.
Second. In a storage battery a cell consisting of a perforated plate of pumice
stone in and upon which the peroxide or equivalent material is deposited in
combination with a confiuing envelope of lead having openings for the admission
of the acidulated fluids, substantially in the manner and for the purpose
described.
Third. In a storage battery a cell consisting of a plate of porous material to
which the peroxide or equivalent material is applied, said plate being formed with
grooves in its edges for the admission of the acidulated fluid, in combination with
confining envelope of lead having openings for admitting said acidulated fluid to
..

page_text: the said grooves in the said porous plate substantially in the manner and for the
purpose described.
Fourth. In a storage battery a cell consisting of a perforated plate of porous
material in and upon which the peroxide or equivalent material is deposited, said
porous plate being formed with grooves in its longitudinal edges, in combination
with a confining envelope of lead formed with openings coinciding with the grooves
in said porous plate for the admission of the acidulated liquid to the porous plate,
substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.
Fifth. In a storage battery, a cell consisting of a perforated plate of porous
material in and upon which the peroxide or equivalent material is deposited, said
porous plate being formed with grooves in its longitudinal edges, in combination
with a confining envelope of lead formed with openings coinciding with said grooves
in said plate and with perforations in its top for the admission of the acidulated
liquid to the porous plate, substantially in the manner and for the purpose
described.
Sixth. In a storage battery, a cell consisting of a porous plate to which the
peroxide or equivalent material is applied, a layer of coke dust covering in whole
or in part the peroxide or equivalent material, and a confining envelope of lead
having an opening for the admission of the acidulated liquid to the said porous
plate, substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.
Seventh. In a storage battery, the combination of a cell consisting of a porous
plate to which the peroxide or equivalent material is applied, a confining envelope
of lead having openings for the admission of the acidulated liquid to the said porous
plate, and a cell holder of insulating material formed with openings communicating
with the openings in the leaden envelope, substantially in the manner and for the
purpose described.
Eighth. In a storage battery the combination with a cell substantially such as
described, of a cell holder of insulating material made in two parts substantially
in the manner and for the purpose described.
Ninth. In a storage battery, the combination of a cell consisting of a porous
plate of pumice stone to which the peroxide or equivalent material is applied, a
confining envelope of lead having openings for the admission of the acidulated
liquid to the said porous plate, and a cell holder of insulating material formed in
halves fitting together with openings between them communicating with the
openings in the leaden envelope, substantially in the manner and for the purpose
described.
Tenth. In a storage battery, the combination of a cell consisting of a porous
plate of pumice stone to which the peroxide or equivalent material is applied, a
confining envelope of lead having openings for the admission of the acidulated
liquid to the said porous plate, a cell holder of insulating material formed in halves
fitting together with openings between them communicating with the openings in
the leaden envelope, and means for holding the halves together with an elastic
pressure for the purpose and substantially in the manner described.
Dated the 15th day of March 1907
Dated the 15th day of March 1807
For the Applicant,
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Chartered Patent Agents.