IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Garforth, of Dukinfield, in the County
of Chester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
Sealed the 21st February 1873, and dated the 28th December 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Garforth at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th December 1872.
I, FREDERICK GARFORTH, of Dukinfield, in the County of Chester,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS Substances,”
to be as follows:-
The objects of this Invention are principally to facilitate the doffing of
the bobbins, and to prevent the slackness and stretching of the spindle
bands, which is frequently caused by the present system of slipping the
spindle bands off the wharves whilst the flyers are removed. I reverse
the position of the flyer, that is, I place it on the spindle with the arms
projecting upwards, so that the bobbins can be removed and replaced
without interfering with the flyer. The wharve is fixed to the flyer

page_text: (both wharve and flyer being loose on the spindle), and the flyer is thus
driven direct instead of by the spindle, which latter may either be fixed
immovably in the spindle rail or mounted loosely therein, so that it
revolves slowly by the drag of the bobbin merely.
The bobbin is placed loosely upon the spindle, as heretofore, and is 5
supported by a circular plate fixed on the spindle, a felt or other washer
being interposed between the bottom flange of the bobbin and the plate,
if found requisite to give the proper amount of "drag.”
The wharve and flyer are supported on the bolster rail, which latter
does not traverse, so that the wharves and flyers merely revolve, whilst 1
the spindle rail with the spindles and bobbins are traversed up and down
at the necessary speed to effect the proper laying on of the yarn on to
the bobbin.
In addition to the facility afforded for doffing, and the improvement
in the quality and uniformity of the yarn duo to the spindle bands not 1
being stretched or otherwise interfered with when doffing, there will be
a decrease of friction and consequent wear and tear, and the machine
will require less power to drive it than machines of the ordinary con-
struction.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederick Garforth in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 27th June 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
GARFORTH, of Dukinfield, in the County of Chester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-cighth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Frederick Garforth, Her
special license that I, the said Frederick Garforth, my executors, 3
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Frederick
Garforth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,

page_text: use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Frederick Garforth, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Garforth, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to
say):
The objects of this Invention are principally to facilitate the doffing of
the bobbins, and to prevent the slackness and stretching of the spindle
bands, which is frequently caused by the present system of slipping the
spindle bands off the wharves whilst the flyers are removed, and at the
same time to obtain increased steadiness of the spindle at high velocities.
To effect these objects I reverse the position of the flyer, that is I place
it on the spindle with the arms projecting upwards, so that the bobbins
can be removed and replaced without interfering with the flyer. The
wharve is fixed to the flyer (both wharve and flyer being loose on the
bare spindle), and the flyer is thus driven direct instead of by the
spindle, which latter may either be fixed immovably in the spindle rail
or mounted loosely therein, so that it revolves by the drag of the bobbin
merely (which I prefer).
The bobbin is placed loosely upon the spindle, as heretofore, and is
supported by a circular plate fixed on the spindle, a felt or other washer
being interposed between the bottom flange of the bobbin and the plate,
if found requisite to give the proper amount of "drag."
The wharve and flyer are supported on the bolster rail, which latter
does not traverse, so that the wharves and flyers merely revolve, whilst
the spindle rail with the spindles and bobbins are traversed up and down
at the necessary speed to effect the proper laying on of the yarn on to
the hallin

page_text: In addition to the facility afforded for doffing, and the improvement
in the quality and uniformity of the yarn, due to the spindle bands not
being stretched or otherwise interfered with when doffing, there will be
a decrease of friction and consequent wear and tear, and the machine
will require less power to drive it than machines of the ordinary con-
struction,..whilst the flyers can be driven at a considerably increased
velocity.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention, I will now
proceed to describe more in detail the manner in which the same is to be
or may be performed, or carried into practical effect, and in order that 1
the same may be clearly understood I have annexed hereunto a Sheet of
Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with figures
and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof.
Fig. 1 in the Drawing is an external view; and Fig. 2 a section ]
showing my improvements as applied to a throstle spindle.
a, a, is the spindle, which is mounted loosely and carried in a footstep
in the spindle rail b, b, which rail in this case is traversed up and down,
carrying the spindle a, a, and bobbin c, c, with it. The latter is loose
on the spindle, and is supported by a circular plate d, d, fixed on the
spindle so that it travels up and down with it, whilst the flyer e, e,
always remains at the same level. The flyer e, e, is fixed to the wharve
ff, the boss of which rests on the bolster 9, 9, and runs loose on the
bare spindle. Thus it will be seen that the flyer alone is driven direct
by means of the ordinary band passing round the wharve, and revolves 2
rapidly, whilst the spindle is caused to revolve more slowly in the same
direction by friction merely. By these means, and by mounting the
flyer and wharve direct on the bare spindle, the friction is greatly
reduced, and the flyers can be driven at a much higher speed than was
possible heretofore.
The friction or drag of the bobbin may be increased by interposing a
cloth or other washer between it and the plate d, d.
Having now described the nature and object of the said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be per-
formed or carried into practical offect, I desire it to be distinctly under- {
stood that I lay no claim to the reversal of the flyer, nor to the driving.
of the flyer direct by attaching the wharve thereto, whether the spindle
9

page_text: is fixed or free; but what I claim as my Invention is, the combination
of a free spindle with an inverted flyer driven direct and running loose
on the bare spindle, such flyer being supported upon (and not in) the
bolster rail, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by
the Drawing annexed
of a free spindle with an inverted flyer driven direct and running loose
on the bare spindle, such flyer being supported upon (and not in) the
bolster rail, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by
the Drawing annexed
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Garforth, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of Juno, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
thing
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Garforth, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
things
Witnessed by
THOMAS E. DAVIES,
Patent Office,
4, St. Ann's Sq.,
FREDERICK GARFORTH. (L.S.)
Manchester.