IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1867

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Decla-
ration, on the 15th January 1867, pursuant to the 9th Section of the
Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.-A communication from Georges
Bernhard Seibert, residing at No. 7, Cité d'Antin, in Paris, Painter.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 24, Rue du
Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 38, Porchester Terrace,
Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SEWING MACHINES," a communication from Georges Bernhard Seibert, a
person resident at No. 7, Cité d'Antin, in Paris, aforesaid, Painter, and have
petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and made solemn
Declaration that it is a communication.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and seal,
fully describes and ascertains the nature of the Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
The Invention communicated to me relates to a new sort of sewing
machine, peculiarly fitted to make the cross stitch in embroidery, tapestry, .

page_text: seams, and ornamenting all sorts of stuffs. This new sewing machine differs
from all others in the following points:-
1°. The needle holder, properly so called, is a hollow cylindrical shank,
through which the thread passes; the lower extremity of this shank carries
two needles, which have an up-and-down movement imparted to them in order
to effect the seam when run through the stuff, by leaving underneath a
buckled stitch or width of thread through which run two shuttles. For
embroidery the needle holder works in a moveable cylinder and carries two
winglets or fliers, the object of which, on meeting when they rise an inclined
spring, is to turn the needle holder half round so as to send reciprocally the
right-hand needle to the left and the left-hand needle to the right, that the
two threads may be crossed at each stitch. I wish it to be clearly understood,
therefore, that the said cross stitch is effected by both needles revolving half
round, which takes place each time the needles issue from the stuff.
2°. The displacing of the needles may take place in different ways. Instead
of a spring on the needle holder pinions or gearing may be substituted (as
shown in Figure 17 of the accompanying Drawings), which are shaken by tho
motion of the machine.
The means above described by which the needle holder is made to turn
may be modified, or recourse may be had to an analogous means in order to
attain the same end; I reserve to myself, therefore, any sort of mechanism
other than that above described wherewith to turn the needles in like
manner.
The shuttles, which operate underneath the machine, are made up of two
tubes bevelled off at their extremities; each shuttle has on both sides a groove
which sliding in a frame directs the said shuttle and prevents it turning.
This to-and-fro motion of the driver is imparted by a lever which starts from
the lower central point and is set a-going by sliding through a slip on an
inclined plane, and that by means of friction rollers. The shuttles are driven
by spring spindles which alternately rise and fall to let the thread pass; these
movements take place according as the friction rollers happen to pass or not
on an arched plane; any sort of shuttles may be used.
"The accompanying Drawings show another kind of shuttle, the driver of
which is shorter, notwithstanding that it may turn in every direction, in
accordance with the cylindrical shank.
In order to do embroidery drawing, to follow outlines, or do flowers a
handle is added, which communicates by means of gearing with the cylindrical
sbank in which are the needles and with the frame in which are the shuttles;
this handle may be directed to the right or the left at will.
+

page_text: It is apparent that the machine is peculiarly intended to cross stitch on
canvas for embroidery; the canvas or material embroidered upon is guided with
the band and the foot piece for laying hold of the stuff in the requisite direction;
on the contrary, it would be impossible to do tapestry in the same manner,
insomuch as an arrangement of the foot piece which would guide the canvas
or stuff sufficiently perfect could not be obtained. To remedy this incon-
venience an arrangement of coupled frames is adopted in such a manner that
the needles are obliged to fall where required. The machine for tapestry is
actuated with the hand by means of a handle; the frames are set in motion
by the machine with the assistance, 1°, of a screw which when handled
imparts to the frame its right and left movement; 2°, of a pinion which is
connected with a rack fixed to the second frame, and which gives to this latter
a to-and-fro movement by jerks at each stitch, so that this motion is not con-
tinuous, and occasions a momentary interruption each time the needles are
engaged in the stuff. When it is necessary, as in tapestry, to skip some
stitches, a piece to disengage is fixed on the machine, by means of which a
stitch may be skipt without setting the rest of the machine a-going and without
disturbing. it; then in that case the frame is pushed with the hand after
having disengaged, and the needle may be put wherever required. A new
sort of cam is adopted with grooves and springs fixed to the lever of the
needle holder, by means of which the handle may be turned backward and
forward and the work done both ways.
In order the better to understand my Invention reference is had to the
accompanying Drawings, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal view in elevation
of the machine; Figure 2, a front view; Figures 3 and 4 are a front and a
side view of the central lever of the driver sliding in a slip or groove; Figure 5
is the needle holder furnished with its two needles, and its two winglets or
flyers; Figure 6 is the cylindrical shank with the tension piece and the foot
for laying hold of the stuff; Figure 7 is a vertical section of the cylindrical
shank, showing the inside with the needle holder and the two springs. The
Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 are end views in plane of the shuttle and the
shuttle holder; Figure 13 represents the machine used in making tapestry,
with its fraine; Figure 14 is the same machine, ornamented and shortened on
the right side; Figure 15 is a view of the upper surface of the frame and
part of Figure 13 with the motive gearing that imparts the motion; Figure 16
is a view of the frame and part of the machine, Figure 14, with its gearing
arranged otherwise and shortened.
Figure 17 represents another kind of mechanism for the displacement of
the needles; Figures 18 and 19 show the lever from different sides; Figure 20

page_text: is a view of the shuttle maintained by a little hook; Figure 21 is a front view
of the driver with the shuttles; Figure 22 is a side view of the same; Figure 23
is a horizontal section of Figure 17; Figure 24 represents the two shuttles ;
Figure 25 represents the two shuttles describing their course.
Figures the same letters of reference indicate similar parts differently viewed.
In all the
A is the frame of the machine supporting all the parts; B is the treadle of
the machine; C is the fly wheel; D is the handle actuating the levers; E is
the lever of the needle holder; F is the needle holder; G is the needle; H
is the foot fixed above the needle holder at the central point to its lever; I is
the tension piece; K is the cylindrical shank containing the two springs,
which turn half round the needle holder; L, M, are two rings fixed to the
machine, and which sustain the cylindrical shank ; N is a ring fixed to a lever,
which has a slight up-and-down movement in order to push a spring actuating
the tension piece and the foot; O is a ring belonging to the foot, large enough
to allow the cylindrical shank to be pushed to the right and to the left by the
spring; P is the frame with slides in which are the shuttles; Q is the driver;
R is the inclined groove in which move the friction rollers which are fixed on
to the driver; S is the central lever to which is fixed the inclined groove, and
which on ascending or descending thrusts the driver to the right and left;
T is the handle to keep the cylindrical shank and the shuttles in the same
direction on the Drawings; U is the spring to stop the movement of the
machine for a moment whilst the needles are engaged in the stuff; V are the
shuttles; X is the fulcrum of the lever and of the driver, which turn with
the shuttles and the grooves; Y is the rod of the driver; Z, the gearing,
which sets in motion. the central lever. a, a, is the frame with grooves or slides
resting on the. machine, the nut of which passes the screw for its working
right and left; b, b, is a rack frame which has a to-and-fro motion given by a
pinion actuated by the machine; c, c, is a third frame on which is fixed the
stuff, and which rests, on the second by means of gudgeons; d, d, is the pinion,
which is jerkingly actuated by the wheel 9, 9, causing the frame to advance
or recede; e, e, is a screw, which displaces the frame to the right and to the
left; ff, is. a. wheel fixed to the pinion; 9, 9, is a dented wheel, with the
teeth far apart, so that the jerks are given at certain intervals; h, h, is an
axle, on which are shipped the wheels i, i, and g, g; i, i, is the wheel which
actuates the needles and the shuttles; k, k, is the disengaging piece, which
displaces the wheel f,f, in order to skip some stitches and to displace the
frame with the band without putting the needles in motion; 1, 1, is the handle
which sets the whole machine working; m, m, is the wheel to turn the screw;
n, n, is the pinion and gearing to turn the needle holder half round each time;

page_text: o, o, is an arm to drive the shuttles; p, p, is a piece having the shape of an
anchor which pushes the arm of the driver to the right and to the left; q, q,
is a grooved piece fixed to the lever, which allows the movement right and left
to be imparted; r, r, are springs in the grooves marked with red ink, which
prevent the friction rollers from swerving aside; s, s, is a little hook to lay
hold of and let go the shuttle at the right moment.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
H. BONNEVILLE. (L.S.)