IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS
Year: 1875

page_text: woll
LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Hayward, of Stocksbridge, near Sheffield,
and William Hoyland, of Hunshelf, near Sheffield, in the County
of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS AND
PARASOLS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Hayward and
William Hoyland at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 12th November 1875.
We, JOSEPH HAYWARD, of Stocksbridge, near Sheffield, and WILLIAM
HOYLAND, of Hunshelf, near Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS
AND PARASOLS," to be as follows:
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page_text: and stretchers, each jointed at one end to the runner or ring which slides
upon the stick, and at the other. to one of the ribs. Now it is to the
construction and arrangement of the stretchers that our Invention more
especially applies.
We form the stretchers double or each with two blades or limbs,
which are held close to each other where they are inserted into the
notch in the runner. These two blades or limbs are not jointed to the
same rib, but they diverge to the right and left. Each rib thus receives
the right blade, or limb of one stretcher and the left blade or limb of the
next adjacent stretcher, a single pin or rivet connecting both blades or
limbs to the bit upon the rib. To prevent strain to the joints the blades
or limbs of the stretchers are coupled together by clips applied near
their ends.
By this construction when the umbrella or parasol is closed
the ribs are caused to lie between the blades or limbs of the stretchers,
.and between the joints which connect the stretchers with the runners.
Recesses may be formed in the runner between the stretcher joints to
allow the ribs to lie as closely as may be to the stick.
In order also that the stretchers and ribs where they are jointed to
one another may lie as nearly as may be side by side, and so reduce to a
minimum the depth of the joint, an indent or hollow is formed across
the ribs where the joint bit or git is applied to them in order to allow
the rivet or pin of the joint to come as close as may be to the centre
of the rib.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Hayward and William Hoyland in the 25
Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th May 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
HAYWARD, of Stocksbridge, near Sheffield, and WILLIAM HOYLAND, of
Hunshelf, near Sheffield, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 30
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-

page_text: cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Joseph Hayward and William
Hoyland, Her special license that we, the said Joseph Hayward and
William Hoyland, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Joseph Hayward and William Hoyland, our exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said Joseph Hayward and William Hoyland, our executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their hands and
seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph Hayward and William
Hoyland, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to
say:
-
This Invention has for its object improvements in umbrellas and
parasols.
The frame of an umbrella or parasol is ordinarily constructed with ribs
jointed at one end to the top notch or joint ring fixed upon the stick
and stretchers, each jointed at one end to the runner or ring which slides
upon the stick, and at the other to one of the ribs. Now it is to the
construction and arrangement of the stretchers that our Invention more
especially applies.
We form the stretchers double or each with two blades or limbs,
which are held close to cach other where they are inserted into the
notch in the runner. These two blades or limbs are not jointed to the
same rib, but they diverge to the right and left. Each rib thus receives
the right blade or limb of one stretcher and the left blade or limb of
the next adjacent stretcher. To prevent strain to the joints the blades

page_text: By constructing the joint or middle bit in the manner above described,
the pin or rivet of the joint may be brought down to the centre of the
rib, so that the ribs and the blades of the stretchers may lie side by
side.
We would state that we are aware that it has been before proposed to
cut a nick across the opposite sides of the trough rib of an umbrella for
the pin of the stretcher joint to lie in; we do not therefore make any
claim to forming the nick in the ribs at this point, but by closing the side
edges of the strip e over the trough of the rib and bending them inwards
into this trough as above described, we are enabled not only to bring the
pin of the joint near to the central line of the rib, but at the same time
we strenghten the rib so that the rib is not weakened at this point.
:
Figures 13 to 16 show another way of forming the joint between the
stretchers and ribs to effect the same object. In this case we form the
plate e with projecting tabs or pins e¹ projecting outwards from it to
form the pin of the joint, in place of employing a separate pin passing
across from one side of the rib to the other. The plate e is, as in the
joint above described, secured to the rib by turning over its sides into
the interior of the trough of the rib.
Figures 13 shew the plate or bite formed with two pins e¹ projecting
from one of its sides, and with its side edges bent over on the opposite
side.
Figures 14 shew the bit e bent over so as to slide on to the rib.
Figures 15 represent the bit secured to a trough rib by bending
inwards the side edges of the bit, as shewn.
Figure 16 shews a stretcher end jointed to one of the bits, the ends
of the tabs or pins e¹ being rivetted over to retain the limbs of the
stretcher.
We would state that the ways above described of forming the middle
bit or joint for connecting the ribs of umbrellas and parasols to their
stretchers is applicable not only to umbrellas and parasols formed as
herein-before described with stretchers, each having two blades or limbs,
but also to umbrellas and parasols in which each rib has but one stretcher
jointed to it.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention and the manner of
performing the same, we would have it understood that we claim,—

page_text: First. The construction of the frames of umbrellas and parasols sub-
stantially in the manner herein-before described, each stretcher being
formed with two blades or limbs which are jointed, one to the rib on its
right hand, and the other to the rib on its left hand.
Second. The construction of middle bit or joint for coupling the ribs
of umbrellas and parasols to their stretchers, substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated at Figures 5 to 12. .
Third. The construction of middle bit or joint for coupling the ribs of
umbrellas and parasols to their stretchers, substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated at Figures 13 to 16.
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph Hayward and William
Hoyland, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eighth day
of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-six.
J. HAYWARD.
(L.S.)
WM. HOYLAND. (L.S.)