Improvements in Cylinder and Piston Motor Engines.
Year: 1889

page_text: [Communicated from abroad by JOHANN CARL GRABNER and HENRI RUPERTI, both
of Kupferhammer, near Brackwede, Westphalia, Germany, Engineers.]
Improvements in Cylinder and Piston Motor Engines.
I, OLIVER IMRAY, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of London, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the construction of motor engine worked by steam, com-
pressed air, or other expansive gases or vapours, described in the Specification to
Patent No. 901 of 17th January, 1889, with reference to Figs. 1 to 4 of the drawings.
I shall in the following description speak of steam as the motor fluid but it is to be
understood that the improvements are equally applicable to other expansible gases
or vapours under pressure.
The present improvements relate to the appliances for admitting the steam to and
exhausting the same from the cylinder.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings shews a longitudinal section of the engine
cylinder and piston and parts combined therewith, and Fig. 2 shews a cross section
on line CD. The appliances for admitting steam to the cylinder consist firstly, of
the two piston slides h h¹ connected by the rods c c with the air buffer pistons à d¹,
and secondly, of the steam passages a¹, a¹¹, b, m and m¹.
The appliances for the exhaust consist of two piston slides i and ¹ connected
together by a rod, which are actuated by steam passing through the passages 11
and f. The piston slides i and are connected by a rod with an air buffer piston d¹.
The appliances for exhausting the steam may however be arranged as described in
the said former patent instead of as herein described.
The piston valves are preserved from concussion either by means of the air buffer
pistons d d or by any other arrangement of buffers.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
Assuming the piston B to be in the position shewn at Fig. 1, namely, at the end
of the stroke to the left hand, then the steam supply pipe a will be in communication
through port b, hollow piston B and existing opening between the edge 1 of the
cylinder and edge 2 of the piston, with the cylinder space behind the piston, at the
same time the piston slide will be pushed up into the position shewn, by the excess
of steam pressure on its underside (as the steam passing to its upper side through
passage a only acts on an annular surface) thereby uncovering the passage m so that
steam will then also pass through this passage behind the piston causing this to
commence its stroke to the right.
When, during such motion, the edge 2 passes over edge 1 the steam will not be
entirely cut off, as this will only take place when the piston closes the passage m, and
from this point the expansion will commence. In consequence of the resulting
reduction of pressure, the full pressure exerted above the piston slide will now
force this down again, closing the other end of passage m, and it will remain in this
position until on the following stroke to the left of piston B the edge 2 again uncovers
edge 1, when piston slide will be again forced upward.
The same will take place with reference to piston slide / when, towards the end
of the stroke to the right the edge 3 of piston B passes edge 4 of the cylinder, thereby
admitting steam in front of the piston both through the opening 3-4 and the
passage m' and cushioning the piston at the end of its stroke.
•
Steam will continue to be admitted until by the travel of the piston to the left,
the opening 3-4 is closed, as also the passage m¹ by the descent of the piston slide h¹
whereupon expansion will take place as before.

page_text: The exhaust is governed by the exhaust piston slides i connected by a rod.
At the commencement of the stroke to the right of the piston B the passage fi
is open as shewn and the steain in front of the piston escapes through the exhaust.
pipe g.
As soon however as the edge 3 of the piston B reaches the opening of the
passage f steam will pass from the interior of the piston B through passage f
behind piston slide, thereby forcing this to the left hand and closing the exhaust
passage F, so that the compression in front of the piston B will commence.
The same action will take place with regard to piston slide i and passages f and fil
during the stroke to the left of piston, B, f. being open until edge 2 of B-opens
passage f, thereby causing piston slides i to move to the right, closing f
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The herein described modified construction of the motor engine described with
reference to Figs 1 to 4 in the Specification to patent 901, which consists in causing
the piston slides h h' to govern the admission of steam directly in combination with
the piston B, without the use of valves, while the exhaust is at the same time
governed by piston slides i ¹, the casing of which communicates by passages fll fill
with the working cylinder.
2. The combination of the arrangement for governing the admission of steam
referred to in the preceding. claim with the arrangement for exhausting steam
described with reference to Figs. 1 to 4 of the Specification to Patent No. 90189
the piston slides of the present arrangement being dispensed with.
Dated this tech
1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.