IMPROVEMENTS IN INSTANTANEOUS WATER HEATERS
Year: 1885

page_text: I ANDREW SWEET, Ironmonger of 102 Hampstead Road N.W. in the Parish of
St Pancras and County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of my Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN INSTANTANEOUS WATER HEATERS to be as follows:-
"
In relation to the gas burner my improvement consists in forming the burner of
a large number of cone flames these cone flames being developed by screwing a
number of small tubes into the gas reservoir in such a way that the supply of gas,
either "atmospheric or luminous can be regulated to each cone this object
I attain by cutting long screws on the small tubes and screwing them into the
reservoir or gas service tube forming the body of the burner until they are more or
less close to the bottom, so that when close to the bottom the gas supply is shut off
to the desired quantity.
In relation to the prevention of smoke or undue developement of carbon-oxide
from the burner and to prevent the necessity of manual regulation between night
and day pressure I devise the following arrangement, in or near some part of the
burner and if the burner is a swing out one, in the gas way of the swing joint
I make a large taper circular hole running parallel with the plug the large end
being nearest the gas service, in the centre of this taper hole and running parallel
with it I screw a small guide rod having a hole drilled up its centre and in con-
nexion with which a disc of metal is free to move up and down, this disc of
metal is so weighted that the flow of gas in the day time just balances it when
resting in the large end of the cone, should the burner be lighted when greater
pressure is on at the main the flow of gas will be stronger so that the disc will be
driven up the taper hole towards the small end, the effect being to diminish the
supply and so keep the pressure constant.
In relation to the subdivision of the stream of water to be heated I make my
improved divider in the form of a drum cylinder with a flat bottom divided into
several compartments, the object being when in use to throw the water first to the
circumference to keep the cylinder or case cool, the diameter of this drum cylinder
is about equal to that of the case, and extending over the whole bottom or face are
a large number of small holes equally, distributed through which on the water
being turned on a vertical downpour of attenuated jets takes place under a uniform
head of water of about four inches. Immediately above the burner I fix a steam

page_text: generator the object being to develope a constant stream or current of steam or
vapour, which on coming into contact with the cold water downpour, quickly and
uniformly imparts its latent heat by general condensation.
In relation to the complete or more perfect absorbtion of the heat generated
when the necessary height of heater is inconvenient in one column I arrange
2 plain cylinders in the principal case so that the higher temperature air forces the
cooler air down the one and up the other.
In relation to the constant dripping after each time of using this class of heater,
I prevent the dripping by inserting a small tube syphon in the main outlet so that
when water is drawn off even slowly the small tube syphon is set in action and
continues so until the water line is a little below the main outlet.

page_text: ANDREW SWEET, Ironmonger 102 Hampstead Road London N.W. do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
"
In relation to the gas burner my improvement consists in forming the burner of
a large number of cone flames these cone flames being developed by screwing
a number of small tubes into the gas reservoir in such a way that the supply of
gas either "atmospheric' or luminous can be regulated to each cone this object
I attain by cutting long screws on the small tubes and screwing them into the
reservoir or gas service box forming the body of the burner until they are more or
less close to the bottom the gas supply is thus shut off to the desired quantity.
In relation to the prevention of smoke or undue developement of carbon-oxide
from the burner and to prevent the necessity of manual regulation between night
and day pressure I devise the following arrangement in or near some part of the
burner and if the burner is a swing out one in the gas way of the swing joint
I make a large taper circular hole running parallell with the plug into this hole at
the larger end I screw a nut extending in the form of a small guide rod some
distance up the taper hole, this rod has a small hole drilled up its centre in which is
free to move a metal disc, this disc being attached to an axis, the axis and disc
forming one piece, this disc is so weighted that the flow of gas in the day time
just balances it when resting in the large end of the cone, should the burner be
lighted when greater pressure is on at the main the disc will be driven up the
taper hole towards the small end & thus diminish the gas service.
In relation to the subdivision of the stream of water to be heated I make my
improved divider in the form of a drum cylinder with a flat bottom divided into
two or more compartments one object being when in use to throw the water
quickly to the side the diameter of this drum cylinder is about equal to that of the
case and extending over the bottom or face are a large number of small holes
through which on the water being turned on a verticle down pour of attenuated
jets takes place.
In relation to the complete or more perfect absorbtion of the heat generated
I arrange 2 plain or corrugated cylinders in the principal case so that the higher
temperature air assisted by the downpour of attenuated jets forces the cooler air
and products of combustion down the one and up the other.
In relation to the constant dripping of water after using this class of heater
I prevent the dripping by inserting a small tube syphon in the main outlet, when
water is drawn off even slowly this small syphon is set in action & continues to flow
until the water line in the heater is a little below the main outlet, and in order
that my said improvements may be practically understood I hereto append a sheet
of drawings, marked with letters of reference, similar letters denoting similar
parts, Fig. 1 shows a heater of the most simple kind constructed in accordance
with my improvements A. B being the drum cylinder perforated with a large

page_text: number of holes A being the first compartment and B the second C the inlet for
water to the heater D the steam plate E the outlet and F the small syphon.
Fig. 2. shows an arrangement of the two plain cylinders in the principal case
the arrows denoting the direction of the heated air and products of combustion.
H & G representing these 2 cylinders the current or draught being materially
assisted by the shower being directed principally down the chamber L
Fig. 3 shows a modification of these two plain cylinders the heated air and
products of combustion as indicated by the arrows passing first up the centre tube
and then down the space I to the principal or outter case J.
Fig. 4 shows a regulated burner in section A and B illustrate top and bottom
of the gas reservoir & C one of the small tubes screwed from D to E by which the
lower part of E may be more or less close to the bottom B.
Fig. 5 shows in plan the reservoir to be a bent tube and also the arrangement of
the small tubes or burners, in the case of the water heater herein described the
burner is enclosed in cylindrical chamber a sufficient quantity of atmospheric air
for perfect combustion passing through perforations at the bottom.
Fig. 6 shows the regulated swing and joint in section where A is the large taper
circular hole B is the nut and guide rod C is the disc piece D, E the axis of this
disc to which it is firmly attached F the gas inlet & G the gas outlet.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is :-
1 The cone flame burner formed and regulated as explained.
2nd The gas pressure regulator as described in the knuckle joint.
3rd The verticle downpour or shower.
4th The complete instantaneous water heater substantially as herein illustrated
& explained.