Improvements in and relating to Loom Shuttles.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 10th July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 10th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 10th May, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Loom Shuttles.
I, WILLIAM DAWSON, Fulledge Mill Shuttle Works, Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster, Mill Furnisher, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The first part of this invention is designed to facilitate the passing of the weft
through the eye of the shuttle. Opposite the point of the shuttle-peg is fixed a
conically shaped piece of metal or other suitable substance with its tapering end
projecting downwards into a recess or cavity formed in the shuttle head forming an
annular recess round the cone, which is fixed with a screw nail or the like to the
shuttle. The broad part of the cone terminates above in a circular rim or lip,
beneath which the weft thread is passed and conveyed through a slit in the shuttle
eye. A vertical slit is also formed in the side of the annular recess for the passage
of the weft round the cone. To increase or diminish the drag of the weft leaving
the shuttle, it may be turned one or more times round the cone as circumstances
may require.
The next part of my invention consists in forming the shuttle tip with a hollow
spike or hoop, which is driven into an annular space formed endwise in the wood of
the shuttle, which surrounds the hollow spike or hoop internally and externally, so
that the hoop will have the least possible tendency to split the shuttle, whilst being
drawn in the annular recess.
The next part of my invention consists in forming lateral shoulders in the tip a
short distance from the point. Beyond these shoulders the tip has no tendency to
penetrate the picker, which is thus rendered more durable.
The next part of my invention consists in the employment of adjusting screws for
raising or lowering the centre pin of the peg to depress or elevate the point of the peg
as may be required.
The next part of my invention consists in mounting on the shuttle peg an open spiral
spring which is compressed when a cop is forced upon the peg and reacting pushes
the cop forward, during the weaving off of the cop,against a spring swell at the fore part
of the peg, which is also preferably chased with a screw thread, to assist the swell
in preventing the cop flying off the peg. A suitable bush is interposed between
the cop and the spring to prevent the bottom of the cop being damaged by
the spring.
The invention further. relates to metal shuttles and consists of wooden pegs driven
endwise in holes formed in the side of such shuttles to prevent the metal surface of
the shuttle bearing against the face of the reed, which has hitherto proved a serious
objection, to the use of metal shuttles.
Dated this 9th day of July 1889.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Loom Shuttles.
1, WILLIAM DAWSON, of Fulledge Mill Shuttle Works, Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster Mill Furnisher, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
This invention embraces several important improvements in the construction of
loom shuttles

page_text: In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is an elevation in section, and Fig. 2
a plan of a loom shuttle constructed in accordance with my invention.
The first part of my invention relates to means for threading the weft through the
delivery eye of the shuttle by hand, so as to dispense with the injurious practice of
threading the weft by the production of a current of air through the delivery passage
of the shuttle obtained by the inhalation of the breath of the operator.
A is the body of the shuttle to which is fixed a conically shaped piece of metal B,with
its tapering end projecting downwards into cavity C in the shuttle head. The cone B
is preferably made of sheet metal blocked to shape, so as to form a circular rim B¹
at the broad part of the cone, and a shoulder B2 at the lower or narrow part, and
terminating below the shoulder in a hollow stem B. This stem is inserted in a hole
in the shuttle head, and bulged outwards by a taper tool, to clench it on the inside
of the shuttle to firmly secure the shoulder B2 of the cone against the bed of the
cavity C.
In threading the shuttle, the weaver simply draws the weft thread forward from the
peg towards the back part of the cone, when it instantly sinks into the cavity; and by a
slight turn or twist round by the hand, the weft is conveyed partly round the cone
and deposited in a vertical slit 1 leading to the shuttle eye, seen in Figs. 2, 3 and 4.
The tendency of the weft to leave the cone is prevented by the rim B₁, whilst in
being drawn round the cone, it is caused to descend to the shoulder B, which is on a
line with the point of the peg, in which position it is capable of ballooning equally
around the point of the peg whilst being drawn into the fabric.
When the drag is insufficient to draw the weft properly up at the sides of the
fabric being woven, it may be readily turned one or more times round the cone, before
depositing it in the vertical slot D, which is in front of the cone, as seen in Figs. 2, 3
and 4.
The second part of my invention consists of an improved tip E having a hollow
spike E, which is driven into an annular recess in the shuttle A, so that the spike
will be firmly secured to the wood of the shuttle both infernally and externally, and
so prevent it becoming loose.
The third part of my invention consists in forming a shoulder F on each side of the
tip E, beyond which the tip will have little or no tendency to penetrate or cut up
tlie picker.
The fourth part of my invention consists of adjusting screws for raising and
lowering the centre-pin of the peg, to depress or elevate its point as may be required.
In carrying out this part of my invention, I employ a metal chair G as a seat for the
peg shank, and in the side walls of the chair I make slots H. in which the ends of
the centre-pin I is capable of moving vertically. Holes are drilled and tapped in the
side-walls in a line with the slots H, for the reception of the adjusting screws J.
The screws act upon the ends of the centre-pin I when screwed down by a, screw
driver, so as to adjust the position of the centre pin of the peg, which is kept up
against the ends of the screws by the upward pressure of the heel-spring K.
To adjust the peg in case it should droop, through the wear of the shank. it is
simply requisite to lower the screws I so as to depress the ends of the centre-pins and
the peg shank at the rear of the bearing pin L, and elevate the peg to the fore of the
bearing pin from its drooping position.
To increase the durability of the peg shank it may be formed with equilateral sides,
and provided with two holes transverse to each other, so that when one side is worn,
the centre-pin I may be withdrawn from one of the holes, and the shank turned
partly round, so as to present another side to the action of the heel spring K.
When the heel-spring K is above the shuttle as in Figs. 3 and 4, the adjusting
screws J will then require to act from below upon the centre-pin I.
Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively elevation and plan of the chair G provided with
adjusting screws, and arranged for the reception and retention of the head of
shuttle bobbins.
Figs. and S are enlarged views of the chair G being respectively end and side

page_text: elevations of the same arrangement of chair as described in relation to Figs. 5
and 6.
The fifth part of my invention is designed to effect a greater regularity in the
tension of the weft when drawn over the peg from the cop, and consists in the
application of spiral spring M seen in Fig. 1, or an elastic or india-rubber tube M' as
in Fig. 2 placed around the peg, and capable of compression Jongitudinally when a
cop is forced upon the peg, and reacting, pushes the cop forward, as it is woven,
against a spring swell at the fore part of the peg, which is preferably chased with
a screw-thread to assist the swell in preventing the cop flying off the peg.
A suitable bush O is interposed between the cop and the spring or tube M or M' to
prevent the bottom of the cop being damaged by the spring or india-rubber tube.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In loom shutiles, the application and use of a cone having a projecting rib
around the broad part and a shoulder below, substantially as described for the purpose
specified.
2. In loom shuttles, forming a vertical slit directly in front of the cone and leading
to the shuttle-eye substantially as described.
3. The construction of the cone from sheei-metal, blocked to shape, substantially
as and for the purpose specified.
4. Constructing shuttle-tips with hollow spikes, substantially as described.
5. Forming shoulders on each side of the tip, for the purpose described.
6. The employment of adjusting screws in combination with chair G, substantially
as described in reference to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.
7. In combination with a shuttle peg, chased in front, spiral spring M or india-
rubber tube 1 and spring swell N substantially as described.
Dated this 9th day of April 1890.
THOS. RICHMOND,
Agent.