Improved Apparatus for Raising the Pile of Woven Fabrics.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Aug., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 22nd May, 1891-Accepted, 27th June, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Raising the Pile of Woven Fabrics.
I WILLIAM DOBSON WATSON of Horse Carrs Rochdale in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
"
This invention is intended principally for "batting or raising the pile of a
fabric known as "imitation seal-skin" but it may also be used with advantage for
raising the pile of other fabrics of a like nature which are woven double face to
face and then split or cut asunder so as to form two pieces having an erect pile.
The object of this invention is to stretch or distend the fabric widthwise and to
raise the pile by "batting" or beating the surface with sticks whilst stretched
to its fullest extent.
The apparatus consists principally of two discs or wheels with pins or tenter
hooks around their circumference. The bosses of these wheels run in circular
grooves in two blocks or slides which are mounted upon a central shaft upon which
is cut or formed a right-hand and a left hand screw thread, and the bosses or slides
are bored and screwed to fit. They are not however bored at right angles to the
face of the blocks or slides but in a slightly diagonal direction so that the said blocks
are inclined instead of being parallel to each other.
The two eels or discs are thus inclined in opposite directions and it will be
evident th as they revolve in their circular grooves or channels any two opposite
points on their circumference will gradually approach to and recede from each
other alternately.
The blocks or slides do not revolve but they are mounted in or on slides and they
can be set nearer to or further from each other (according to the width of the
fabric) by turning the right and left hand screwed shaft by means of a hand wheel
provided for that purpose.
The two wheels or discs are furnished on the outer side near the circumference
with a circle of pins or pegs gearing into two spur pinions keyed upon a revolving
shaft whereby a slow revolving motion is given to the wheels or discs.
A feeding roller is provided for guiding the cloth onto the apparatus and also a
drawing or delivering roller which is covered with pins. Any requisite amount of
drag or longitudinal stretch may be put upon the cloth previously to feeding into
the machine by tension bars or other known contrivance.
The fabric is fed onto the tenter hooks or points at that part of the circumfer-
ence of the two wheels or discs which are nearest to each other and it will be
evident that as the wheels or discs revolve the selvages will be drawn gradually
further and further apart until the fullest amount of lateral stretch has been
obtained.
At this point I arrange a series of sticks which are so mounted and acted
upon by tappets or cams that they are alternately raised up and caused to strike
sharply upon the face of the material as it passes slowly along.
The sticks are preferably placed in a diagonal position balf the number being
pivoted at the right side and the other half at the left side so that their ends over-
lap in the centre in order that every part of the surface shall be equally "batted'
and no "stick-marks" shall be apparent.
"
The amount of lateral or transverse stretch given to the material will depend
upon the diameter of the wheels or discs and the angle of inclination which is given
to the circular grooves round which they revolve.
Dated this 21st day of August 1890.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Raising the Pile of Woven Fabrics.
I WILLIAM, DOBSON WATSON of Horse Carrs Rochdale in the County of
Lancaster Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
59
This invention is intended principally for "batting or raising the pile of a
fabric known as "imitation seal skin," but it may also be used with advantage for
raising the pile of other fabrics of a like nature which are woven double face to
face, and then split or cut asunder so as to form two pieces having an erect pile.
The object of this invention is to stretch or distend the fabric widthwise and
to raise the pile by "batting" or beating the surface with sticks whilst stretched to
its fullest extent.
The nature of my said invention and the manner in which the same is to be
performed or carried into practical effect will be readily understood on reference
to the two sheets of drawings hercunto annexed and the following explanation
thereof,
66
Sheet 1 of the drawings represents a vertical section, and Sheet 2 a horizontal
section of the improved combined stretching and batting" machine which forms
the subject of my invention.
The improved apparatus consists essentially of a frame a carrying an axle b
supporting two discs or wheels c with pins or tenter hooks around their circum-
ference.
The bosses c¹ of the wheels c run in circular grooves or otherwise revolve round
two blocks or slides d which are mounted upon the central shaft of axle b upon
which is cut or formed a right and left hand screw thread e and the blocks or
slides d are bored and screwed to fit.
They are not however bored at right angles to the face of the same, but in a
slightly diagonal direction (as shown at the left hand of the machine on Sheet 2)
so that the blocks d are inclined instead of being parallel to each other. Or
instead of boring out the blocks in a diagonal direction they may be made larger
as shown at the right hand on Sheet 2, and have a rectangular opening made at
right angles.
Inside this opening is a square nut which is bored out and screwed to fit the
axle and the block d is fixed thereon at the required inclination by means of
reversed wedges g.
Whichever method may be adopted the blocks d are canted outwards from each
.other and the wheels or discs c running thereon are thus inclined in opposite
directions, and it will be evident that as they revolve in the outside of the said
blocks, any two opposite points on their circumference will gradually approach to
and recede from each other alternately.
The blocks or slides d do not revolve but they are mounted in or on slides aud
they can be set nearer to or further from each other (according to the width of the
fabric) by turning the right and left hand screwed shaft or axle by means of the
hand wheel provided for that purpose.
The two wheels or discs c are furnished on the outer side near the circumference
with a circle of pins or pegs i gearing into two spur pinions k keyed upon a
revolving shaft, whereby a slow revolving motion is given to the said wheels or
.discs.
A feeding roller m is provided for guiding the cloth onto the apparatus and also
a drawing or delivering roller n which is covered with pins.
Any requisite amount of drag or longitudinal stretch may be put upon the cloth
previously to feeding into the machine by rollers o or by tension bars or other
known contrivances.

page_text: The fabric is fed onto the tenter hooks or points at that part of the circum-
ference of the two wheels or discs c which are nearest to each other, and it will be
evident that as the wheels or discs revolve the selvedges will be drawn gradually
further and further apart until the fullest amount of lateral stretch has been
obtained.
At this point (which is about opposite to the feed roller m) I arrange a series
of sticks p which are so mounted and acted upon by tappets or cams that they are
alternately raised up or drawn back and caused to strike sharply upon the face of
the material as it passes slowly along in a distended condition.
The sticks p are preferably placed in a slightly diagonal position half the
number being pivotted at the selvage and the other half at or about the centre,
some to the right and some to the left, and so that their ends overlap in order that
every part of the surface shall be equally " batted
and no stick marks shall be
"
apparent.
Each stick has connected to its pivotted end a quadrant 9 to which is attached a
short strap the other end of which is connected to a lever s vibrating on a fixed
centre at t and provided with a bowl u which is acted upon by a tappet v mounted
on a shaft w to which a rapid revolving movement is transmitted from the pinion.
shaft by suitable gearing. The cams or tappets are so formed as to give a
rapid and smart blow and the sticks are then drawn back by the coiled springs x.
The fabric is supported whilst being "batted" by two bars y and in some cases
a curved metal plate may extend from one bar to the other and be heated by gas
or otherwise to heat or dry the fabric if necessary.
The amount of lateral or transverse stretch given to the material will depend
upon the diameter of the wheels or discs c, and the angle of inclination which is
given to the sliding blocks d around which they revolve.
I may here remark that I do not wish to confine myself to the exact arrange-
ment shown and described for actuating the sticks, and that any other efficient
form of pile raising apparatus may be substituted for the stick "batting" apparatus
herein before described without departing from the distinctive features of my
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The combination with apparatus for "batting" or otherwise raising the pile of
piled fabrics, of a lateral stretching apparatus acting by means of two diverging
discs substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated this 21st day of May 1891.
GEO. DAVIES & SON.