Improvements in Tools and Tool-holders for Machine Tools.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Nov., 1890-Accepted, 3rd Jan., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tools and Tool-holders for Machine Tools.
A communication from L. BERGER, Fils, of Thann, Alsace, German Empire, Engineer.
1, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of No. 46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
In a tool and tool-holder for machine-tools according to this invention the steel tool
is set and fixed at an angle of 60° or thereabout, which position offers the following
advantages :-
--
1. The working angle of the tool remains invariable and the tool does not require
any particular shaping in forging it.
2. The distance between the point of the tool and of the lower surface of the tool-
holder can be materially decreased, whereby (especially with mortising-machines) the
work in hand need not be fixed high above the bed-plate of the machine, as is necessary
with an ordinary steel tool.
3. The tool offers greater rigidity than if it be placed in a horizontal position.
4. The pieces of metal rod for making the tools require no special profile; they are
simply of square form in cross-section and on that side, which is opposite to the
cutting edge or side, are roughened or formed with a row of teeth or V shaped
parallel ridges or projections.
In an arrangement of tool-holder suitable for a mortising-machine, the tool, which
on the side opposite to its cutting edge is formed with teeth, is fixed in the holder by
means of two set-screws, which act in a direction perpendicular to the tool and press
the same against a lining inserted in the holder. This lining, which is fixed in the
holder by screws, is shaped on its surface next the tool, with a row of teeth or
projections similar to those on the tool the arrangement being such that the teeth on
the tool take between those on the lining thereby doubling the contact surface between
the tool and the lining and rendering shifting of the tool to the back or to the sides
of the holder practically impossible.
With this arrangement the pressure exerted on the tool during working is
transmitted to the rack or row of teeth and to the lower end of the lining which
takes around the edge of the tool-hole in the holder. For removing the tool from its
holder the set-screws need only to be turned back to a slight degree. When working
with two tools, one for rough planing and another for fine planing, the tool for rough
planing can be exchanged during the receding or backward movement of the tool
holder, without interfering with the working of the tool for fine planing.
Dated this 22nd day of February 1890.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tools and Tool-holders for Machine Tools.
A communication from L. BERGER, Fils, of Thann, Alsace, German Empire, Engineer.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of No. 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In a too!-holder for machine tools according to this invention the steel tool can be
D

page_text: set and fixed at an anglo of 60° or thereabout, to the work to be operated upon, which
position offers the following advantages :-
1. The working angle of the tool remains invariable and the tool does not require
to have any special shape given to it by forging.
2. The distance between the point of the tool and of the lower surface of the tool-
holder can be made short, whereby (especially with mortising-machines) the work in
hand need not be fixed high above the bed-plate of the machine as is necessary when
using a steel tool supported in a tool-holder of the ordinary construction.
.
3. The tool offers greater rigidity than if it be placed in a horizontal position.
4. The piece of metal rod from which the tool is made requires no special profile;
in the example shown it is simply of square form in cross section and on that side,
which is opposite to the cutting edge or side is roughened or formed with a row of
teeth or shaped parallel ridges or projections.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 shows in vertical section a tool-holder with tool according to this invention
suitable for mortising-machines.
Fig. 2 is an elevation at right angles to Fig. 1 of the tool-holder alone.
Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views to Figs. 1 and 2 respectively shewing a tool-holder
with two tools suitable for planing-machines and turning-lathes.
The tool a which on the side opposite to its cutting edge is formed with teeth or
ridges a' is fixed in the tool-holder 6 by means of two set-screws cc³, which act in
a direction perpendicular to the tool and press the same against a lining d inserted in
the tool-holder. This lining, which is fixed in the tool-holder by screws d' is shaped
on its surface next the tool, with a row of teeth or projections similar to those on the
tool the arrangement being such that the teeth on the tool a take between those on
the lining d whereby a large contact surface provided between the tool and the
lining and shifting of the tool to the back or to one side or the other of the holder is
rendered practically impossible.
With this arrangement the pressure exerted on the tool during working, is trans-
mitted to the rack or row of teeth and to the lower bent end 2 of the lining d which
takes around one edge of the hole in the tool-holder so as to bear against one side of
the holder as shown. For removing the tool from the tool-holder the set-screws c c₁
need only to be turned back through a short distance. When the tool-holder is provided
with two tools, one for rough planing and another for fine planing as indicated in
Fig. 4 the tool for rough planing can when no longer required be removed during
the receding or backward movement of the tool-holder, without interfering with the
working of the tool for fine planing which is then brought into action by adjusting
the tool-holder.
The tool-holder being perfectly supported on its rear or back side, the tool works as
a lever the length of which is equal to the length of the part of the tool protruding
from the tool-holder, and as the amount of protrusion of the tool need only slightly
exceed the depth of the shaving or thickness of metal to be removed, there is no
liability of the tool to break or of its suddenly penetrating the metal or work to be
cut.
A tool arranged as described will require less power to operate it than a tool
as ordinarily constructed and held, as, in consequence of its being secured as described
in its holder, the working angle can be made larger than usual. With two tools
held in a tool-holder as desired, and used in a medium sized machine chips of from
12 to 14 millimetres total width with a feed movement of 2 millimetres for each
successive cut, can be easily removed from a piece of forged steel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
A tool and tool-holder for machine tools in which the tool a held in the tool-holder
at a large working angle in relation to the work in hand, is provided with a row of
teeth or ridges on the side opposite to the cutting edge, and is pressed by screws c c¹
against a lining d in the tool-holder, this lining being provided with a row of teeth

page_text: or ridges similar to those on the tool, and with a bent lower end d that take around
one edge of the hole in the tool-holder substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 22nd day of November 1890.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. B.