Improvements in Apparatus relating to Expressing Oil from Crushed Seeds.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 25th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 31st Dec., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus relating to Expressing Oil from
Crushed Seeds.
We HERBERT LAMBERT, Engineer, and GREENWOOD & BATLEY, LIMITED,
Engineers, both of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows
The object of this invention is to save much of the hand labour necessary in the
treatment of crushed seeds, or meal, as it is termed, for expressing the oil therefrom,
and the invention consists in a novel arrangement and construction of apparatus
in which many of the operations usually effected by hand may be done 'auto-
matically.
In carrying out this invention, the crushed seed or meal is first placed in a
heating chamber or kettle, from which it is driven, by suitable means, into measuring
boxes under which the bags are placed to receive it. The bags are folded up by
an attendant, and are passed to hydraulic presses, in which the bags receive a
preliminary pressing, so as to more or less consolidate the meal. These presses are
set at an inclination, so that the bags, after being pressed, will slide off the ram
head into shoots, down which they pass onto conveyors consisting of endless aprons
suitably driven.
These conveyors extend in front of rows of hydraulic presses, where the
expressing of the oil from the meal is to be effected. The bags pass from the
conveyors onto tables suitably mounted so as to travel in a direction parallel with
the conveyors and the presses, and provided with guides overlying the conveyors,
which guide the bags from the conveyors onto the tables.
The bags of meal are taken off the tables, and placed in the presses, and after
being pressed, the bags with the pressed cake are taken from the presses, and
placed on the lower or return portion of the conveyors, by which they are carried
to dingonal guides so arranged as to guide them onto a fixed table.
At this table, the fabric forming the bags is stripped off the cakes, and the bags
are folded up, placed in suitable elevators, which deliver them to shoots, from
which they pass to tables below the measuring boxes, preparatory to being
refilled.
The measuring boxes consist of rectangular frames with sliding bottom and top.
The slides forming the bottom and top of the boxes are preferably in two parts,
which are caused to slide in opposite directions, and at the right times, so as to
open either the top or the bottom, as desired, by levers operated by cams suitably
driven, or in any other convenient manner.
Water is admitted to the preliminary presses through a D valve, actuated
through link rods by cams mounted on a vertical shaft which is situated below the
heating kettle, and suitably driven from the prime mover.
On the same shaft, the cams for operating the slides of the measuring box are
mounted.
It will of course be understood that the cams will be so timed that the several
operations will take place in due order, and at convenient speed.
Dated this 25th day of February 1892.
NEWTON & DUN,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus relating to Expressing Oil from
Crushed Seeds.
We HERBERT LAMBERT, Engineer, and GREENWOOD AND BATLEY LIMITED,
Engineers, both of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to save much of the hand labour necessary in the
treatment of crushed seeds, or meal, as it is termed, for expressing the oil therefrom,
and the invention consists in a novel arrangement and construction of apparatus
in which many of the operations usually effected by hand may be done auto-
inatically.
In carrying out this invention, the crushed seed or meal is first placed in a
heating chamber or kettle, from which it is driven by suitable means into measuring
boxes, under which the bags are placed to receive it. The bags are folded up by
au attendant, and are passed to hydraulic presses, in which the bags receive a
preliminary pressing, so as to more or less consolidate the meal. These presses
are set at an inclination, so that the bags, after being pressed, will slide off the ram
head into shoots, down which they pass onto conveyors, consisting of endless aprons
suitably driven.
These conveyers extend in front of rows of hydraulic presses, where the expressing
of the oil from the meal is to be effected. The bags pass from the conveyors
onto tables suitably mounted, so as to travel in a direction parallel with the con-
veyors and the presses, and provided with guides overlying the conveyors, which
guide the bags from the conveyors onto the tables.
The bags of meal are taken off the tables, and placed in the presses, and after
being pressed, the bags, with the pressed cake, are taken from the presses, and
placed on the lower, or return portion of the conveyors (or, as an alternative a
separate return conveyor may be used), by which they are carried to diagonal
guides so arranged as to guide them onto a fixed table.
i
At this table, the fabric forming the bags is stripped off the cakes, and the
bags are folded up, placed in suitable elevators, which deliver them to shoots,
from which they pass to tables below the measuring boxes, preparatory to being
refilled.
The measuring boxes consist of rectangular frames with sliding bottom and top.
The slides forming the bottom and top of the boxes are preferably in two parts,
which are caused to slide. in opposite directions, and at the right times, so as to
open either the top or bottom, as desired, by levers operated by cams suitably
driven; or in any other convenient manner.
Water is admitted to the preliminary presses through a D valve, actuated,
through link rods, by cams mounted on a vertical shaft which is situated below the
heating kettle, and is suitably driven from the prime mover.
On the same shaft, the cams for operating the slides of the measuring boxes are
mounted.
It will of course be understood, that the cams will be so timed that the several.
operations will take place in due order, and at convenient speed.
And in order that the invention may be more readily understood, reference will
now be made to the accompanying drawings, in which-
Fig. 1, Sheet I, is a plan view of an oil works, shewing the general arrangement
of the apparatus.
3
.
Fig. 2, Sheet II, is a side elevation, with one row of presses removed, and
Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the same.
Fig. 4, Sheet III, is a partial side view, on an enlarged scale, shewing certain

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Fig. 5, Sheet IV, is a partial back view, on an enlarged scale, shewing other
details.
Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken on the line xx, Fig. 5, and
Fig. 7, Sheet III, is a horizontal section on the line, Fig. 5.
A is the heating kettle, the construction of which is well known. It is provided
with openings at the side, and stirring blades mounted on a central spindle, and
suitably driven. B B are the measuring boxes, the construction of which will be
hereafter described. CC are tables on which the bags are placed, to receive the
contents of boxes B, and on which the bags may be folded over. DD are what
are termed preparatory presses for consolidating the meal in the bags, and which
are set at an inclination, as shewn. E E are shoots down which the consolidated
bags pass from the presses D to the conveyors F F.
These conveyors are endless aprons of any well known construction, and are
driven direct from the prime mover.
GG are tables suitably mounted on wheels, which may run on tracks, and the
tables are provided with inclined guide pieces GG, which overlie the conveyors,
and serve to guide the consolidated bags onto the tables. H H H H represent
hydraulic presses which are employed to express the oil from the meal.
After pressing, the bags with the cake are taken back to the kettle end of the
mill on a separate return conveyor, or on the lower portion of the conveyors FF,
as indicated at Z Z, Fig. 2, and, by means of inclined guides I and shoots J, are
guided and caused to fall onto a stripping table K. At this table, the bags are
removed from the cake, are folded up, and placed in the elevator L. from which
they drop down the shoot M onto the tables CC, preparatory to their being opened
out, and placed again under the measuring boxes B-B, to be refilled with meal.
The cake is disposed of in any convenient manner.
The measuring boxes B B consist of a retangular frame of the required depth,
the tops and bottoms of the boxes being formed each of two sliding plates B',
which meet in the middle, and slide in suitable guides attached to the boxes. The
plates are operated by means of the bell crank levers B2, linked together and to
the slides, and actuated in a well known manner by the grooved cams B³ B* (see
Fig. 6), which are so timed, that when the bottom plates are open, the top plates
are closed, and vice versa.
The cams are mounted on a vertical axle or spindle N, suitably supported by the
main framing of the apparatus, and driven through spur and bevil gearing from
the cone O, in connection with the prime mover, either direct, or through the
cross shaft P of the meal kettle.
The gearing and the cones will of course be suitably proportioned, according to
the work required to be done.
The pressure to the rams of the preparatory presses D, .is regulated by
hydraulic D valves Q, which are suitably coupled to a rod R in connection with
a slide S. This slide is provided, on its top side, with a bowle, which works in
contact with a cam T, fixed on the vertical spindle N, and on the underside with
a second bowle, which works in contact with an adjustable cam U, mounted on the
spindle N.
This cam is made adjustable on the spindle, in order that the length of time
pressure is required to remain on the bag of meal, to consolidate it, may be varied
according to requirements, the cam U acting to close the valve and shut off the
pressure, while the cam T serves to open the valve Q.
It may here be remarked that the above described arrangements for operating
the valves of the preparatory presses, and also for opening and closing the slides of
the measuring boxes, are convenient, but the patentees do not intend to confine
them to these or any other arrangements, neither do they propose to confine
themselves to any particular form of press, as the parts may be modified in many
respects.
The apparatus may be also arranged as single acting, instead of double acting,
as shewn in the drawings.

page_text: '
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The arrangement of apparatus as herein shewn and described, for carrying
out the several operations of heating the meal, measuring it out into bags,
consolidating the same in the bags, conveying the consolidated bags to the oil
, presses, returning the cake to the stripping tables, to strip off the bags, and
conveying the empty bags to the filling tables, as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In apparatus of the character set forth in Claim 1, the employment of
"preparatory" presses, arranged at an inclination, as and for the purpose
set forth.
.
3. In apparatus of the character set forth in Claim 1, the employment of
measuring boxes, having tops and bottoms so arranged that they shall open from
the centre outwards, and that they shall not be opened at the same time, as and for
the purpose set forth.
4. In apparatus of the character set forth in Claim 1, the means for operating
the valves of the preparatory presses from a central spindle, as shown and
described.
5. In apparatus of the character set forth in Claim 1, the combination with
conveyors, such as FF, of travelling and fixed. inclined guides and tables, as set
forth.
6. The construction of the measuring boxes, and the means for operating the top
and bottom slides of the same, as shewn and described.
Dated 141,1
bow 1000
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.