IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING, MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1856

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Col. Stephen Szabó de Kis-Geresd
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th August 1856.
I, COL. STEPHEN SZABO DE KIS-GERESD, now residing in Widnes, near
Warrington, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING, MOTIVE POWER" to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to the application of the pressures of heavy liquids to
produce motion, referring, of course, to the pressures arising from the gravity
of the liquids, which are too well known to require any further allusion.
The mechanism which I employ for the purpose of making the said
pressures useful for the production of motion is in its main outline as
follows:
In the Drawing annexed hereto w, w, is a wheel, or disk, or cylinder
immerged. in a liquid, and o the axis upon which w may turn, supposing the
motion: intended to be in the direction indicated by the arrow in the Figure:
I call the one side the positive side and the other the négative side, the two
sides being divided by a dotted line 1, 2. In cylinder w there are holes or
borings représented by a, a, a³, &c. These borings are parallel to the axis o.
These holes a, a, a, are filled by moveable bars (or plugs) b, b, exactly fitting
the section of the holes. In the position of the hole a at the point (2) the
bar 6 is in a position so that its antérior end or head. coincides with the plane
or surface of. the disk w, but in the subséquent positions a, a, a, a, the bars
recéde more and more, so as to leave in the disk w holes or openings into
which the liquid can enter, but towards or approaching the point 1. The

page_text: bars again advance, so as to coincide with the position at the point 1, & again
with the plane of the anterior surface of the disc w. Obviously the pressure
of the liquid upon the supérior half surfaces of the holes is less than on the
lower half, conséquently these lower prévailing ones must impart to the wheel
a rotary motion. It is clear that the différence between the lower and
upper pressures is équal to the weight of the liquid of the volume of the
holes, and in common language the positive side of the disk is made so much
heavier than the négative side is. Following now the holes in their positions
on the négative side, and their fitting bars, these bars are made to project
(after passing the point (1)) out of or beyond the plane of w (these pro-
jecting parts of the bars I call fingers). These fingers increase in length
towards (4); subséquently they decrease, so as to coincide again at the
point (2) with the plane of w. Evidently the pressures on the lower half
surfaces of the fingers are greater than those on the upper half surfaces, this
différence of the pressures will also tend to lift the fingers, conséquently
impart rotatory motion to w with a force équal to the weight of the liquid of
the volume of the fingers, and the direction of the motion is the same as that
on the other or positive side. It is évident, and conséquently claimed as being
included in the Invention as under :-
1º. That the directions of the holes and fingers (of their fitting bars) may
be other than parallel vith the axis, for instance, or the direction may be that
of the radii.
2º. That the advancing and receding of the bars, and the consequent
increase and decrease of the holes and fingers, may be regulated in various
ways, which it is unnecessary here to describe.
3°. That the fingers and holes are not both necessary, consequently the
holes alone, as well as the fingers alone, might be used to impart the motion
upon the principle of the pressure of heavy liquids.
(4th.) In either case, that is, working either with holes or fingers alone, it
will suffice to have the one half of the wheel immerged in the liquid. 'In
such arrangement there must be made of course a liquid-tight séparation
between the two sides.
(5th.) The points of coincidence of the bar heads with the plane of the
disk may be elsewhere than at the line 1 and 2, but obviously with less
advantage. Nay, even there are no points of that kind necessary at all.
There may be holes on both sides, or fingers on both sides. In these cases
the force or power of the machine is dépendent upon the différence of the
depth of the holes (or the différence of the length of the fingers) on the
positive and négative side.

page_text: In this my Provisional Spécification I have not described the contrivance
for giving motion to the bars as required in their corresponding holes, nor
stated how to counteract the effect of the liquid pressures upon the heads of
the bars. This being matter of detail, will appear fully in my Compléte
Spécification when filed.
The heaviest liquid is obviously the most advantageous, consequently mer-
cury is the most proper to be used. The axis of the wheel has to project out
from the encasement chamber or case holding the liquid into which the disk
is immersed. The disk may be only partly immerged. The frictional resist-
ance of the liquid, & the difference between the theoretical and effective
power, are matters of calculation and experience. The most convenient
number, distribution, depth, (or length of the holes and fingers, will depend
upon the spécial purposes for which the motor is required, & therefore are
matters of calculation and déduction from experience.