Improvements in Cutting or Shearing Machines for Cloth Finishing.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 24th May, 1886
Complete Left, 23rd Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 25th Mar., 1887
Improvements in Cutting or Shearing Machines for Cloth
Finishing.
I, JAMES SUNDERLAND Armitage Bridge near Huddersfield, Yorks Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN OUTTING OR
SHEARING MACHINES FOR CLOTH FINISHING to be as follows
This invention relates to those machines known as "Perpetuals," "Lewis" machines,
and others used in the process of cloth finishing which cut the face of the cloth with
spiral revolving knives, after a nap has been raised upon it.
In this operation as now conducted, the cloth is pressed into contact with the knives
by means of an iron rail or bar, between which rail and the knives the cloth is caused
to pass, and should there be any so called "knot" or lump of loose weft or other
material upon the back of the cloth, the face of the cloth at that particular place is
often damaged and a hole cut in the cloth by its being forced too close to the knives
by the "knot" upon the back.
My invention consists in substituting a tube made of the substance known as
"dermatine" and filled with water under pressure, which pressure may be increased
or diminished, for the rigid rail or bar now used. This would be firm enough to keep
the cloth up to the knives, but would give way slightly for the passage of a "knot,'
and so prevent the damage taking place as above described.
Dated this Twenty Second day of May 1886.
"

page_text: .
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a cutting machine, with my p
PP
Fig. 2 is an end elevation partly in section of Fig. 1 through the line A. B.
Fig. 3 is a sectional modification of tube as fixed in the frame of the machine.
My invention consists of a tube A composed of dermatine, indiarubber, or any other
suitable substance placed in a groove or recess B in the frame C of the machine, I fill
this tube with water under pressure, this pressure is obtained by means of a cylinder D
and piston, the piston being operated by a hand wheel E, and can be increased or
diminished as required.
This tube being sufficiently firm to keep the cloth in contact with the knives, and
will give way for the passage of a "knot" and prevent any damage to the cloth as is
the case with the rigid rail or bar now in use.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I lay no
claim to the use of indiarubber upon the bed of the machine, as I am aware it has
been in use a number of years, that I am aware of Martin and Drake's Specification
No. 1931 of 1885, and that I do not claim the use of an indiarubber tube per se, or
the bar as claimed in their specification; but I declare that what I claim is:
tr
1. The employment of a hollow tube of any pliable substance (on the bed of a
Perpetual" ог "Lewis" machine), such tube containing water or other liquid, which
can be put under pressure, so as to regulate the hardness of the tube to any nicety as
and for the purposes shewn and described.
2. The combination and use of a piston cylinder and tube (of whatever section or
shape) for regulating the hardeness of the tube, whether charged with water or other
liquids, or with air in the manner and for the purposes shewn and described.

page_text: Date of Application, 24th May, 1886.
Complete Left, 23rd Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 25th Mar., 1887.
I, JAMES SUNDERLAND Armitage Bridge near Huddersfield, Yorks Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTING OR
SHEARING MACHINES FOR CLOTH FINISHING to be as follows:-
""Lowis" machines,
This invention relates to those machines known as "Perpetuals,"
and others used in the process of cloth finishing which cut the face of the cloth with
spiral revolving knives, after a nap has been raised upon it.'
In this operation as now conducted, the cloth is pressed into contact with the knives
by means of an iron rail or bar, between which rail and the knives the cloth is caused
to pass, and should there be any so called "knot" or lump of loose weft or other
material upon the back of the cloth, the face of the cloth at that particular place is
often damaged and a hole cut in the cloth by its being forced too close to the knives
by the "knot" upon the back.
My invention consists in substituting a tube made of the substance known as
"dermatine" and filled with water under pressure, which pressure may be increased
or diminished, for the rigid rail or bar now used. This would be firm enough to keep
the cloth up to the knives, but would give way slightly for the passage of a "knot,"
and so prevent the damage taking place as above described.
JAMES SUNDERLAND.
Per T. K. Mellor,
1, Cloth Hall Street, Huddersfield,
Agent.

page_text: I JAMES SUNDERLAND of Armitage Bridge, near Huddersfield in the county of
York; Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to those machines known as "Perpetuals" "Lewis'" machines,
and others used in the process of cloth finishing which cut the face of the cloth with
spiral revolving knives, after a nap has been raised upon it.
In this operation as now conducted, the cloth is pressed into contact with the
knives, by means of an iron rail or bar, the cloth passing between each rail and the
knives, and should there be any so called "knot" or lump of loose weft, or other
material upon the back of the cloth, the face of the cloth at that particular place is
often damaged, and a hole cut in the cloth by its being forced too close to the knives,
by the knot upon the back.
My invention consists in substituting a tube made of any suitable substance such as
dermatine, indiarubber and the like, for the rigid rail or bar now used. I fill this tube
with water under pressure, which may be increased or diminished as required, this
would be firm enough to keep the cloth up to the knives, but would give way slightly
for the passage of a "knot," and so prevent the damage taking place as before
described.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a cutting machine, with my improvements applied.
Fig. 2 is an end elevation partly in section of Fig. 1 through the line A. B.
Fig. 3 is a sectional modification of tube as fixed in the frame of the machine.
My invention consists of a tube A composed of dermatine, indiarubber, or any other
suitable substance placed in a groove or recess B in the frame C of the machine, I fill
this tube with water under pressure, this pressure is obtained by means of a cylinder D
and piston, the piston being operated by a hand wheel E, and can be increased or
diminished as required.
This tube being sufficiently firm to keep the cloth in contact with the knives, and
will give way for the passage of a "knot" and prevent any damage to the cloth as is
the case with the rigid rail or bar now in use.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I lay no
claim to the use of indiarubber upon the bed of the machine, as I am aware it has
been in use a number of years, but I declare that what I claim is :-
tr
1. The employment of a hollow tube of any pliable substance (on the bed of a
Perpetual" or Lewis" machine), such tube containing water or other liquid, which
can be put under pressure, so as to regulate the hardness of the tube to any nicety for
the purposes shewn and described.
2. The combination and use of a piston cylinder and tube (of whatever section or
shape) for regulating the hardeness of the tube, whether charged with water or other
liquids, or with air in the manner and for the purposes shewn and described.