Improvements in Machines for Sewing Straw Braid and other Materials.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd May, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 21st Feb.,
1889
Complete Specification Accepted,. 23rd Mar., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Sewing Straw Braid and other
Materials.
1, BENJAMIN WILLCOX, of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention, which has been commu-
nicated to me from abroad by the Willcox and Gibbs Sewing Machine Company, of
New York, in the United States of America, Manufacturers, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates more particularly to improvements in the machine described
and shown in the specification and drawings of Letters Patent No. 5926, dated
May 1st 1886, hereinafter referred to as the patented machine, but the said Invention
is applicable to other machines of the same or similar type.
In the patented machine an eye pointed and a hook needle are mounted on a
common carrier parallel with each other, with their shanks on opposite sides of an
interposed fin or mid feather against which the said shanks are clamped and by which
the needles are held apart; the said shanks bave each the side which bears against
the said fin or mid feather flattened more or less; and the distance between the axes
of the two needles is regulated by removing more or less material from the said
flattened sides.
'
According to the present improvement the point and the whole or a suitable part of
the blade of either or both the needles are made eccentric to the axis of the shank so
as to bring the same nearer to or farther from the said flat portion and thus to regulate
the distance between the points of the two needles and the axes of their blades or of
suitable parts of said blades independently of the distance between the axes of their
shanks. Thus it is possible to increase the distance between the points of the needles
without making the shanks any larger or in any way altering the means for holding
the needles, while at the same time the ability to vary the distance by removing inore
or less of the material from the flat side of the shank is retained to the like extent as
before. The desired eccentricity is or may be given by offsetting the blade from the
shank after the blade and shank have been formed, or by offsetting one part of the blade
from another; or it might be by offsetting the one part of the shank from another, if
the shank was sufficiently long; or it may be given by offsetting the needle at two or

page_text: more points. The improvement is applicable to any machine of the type of the
patented machine, that is to say of the type which has a hook needle and an eye
pointed needle mounted parallel with each other on a common carrier, irrespective of
the precise means of securing the shanks to the carrier.
In the patented machine the stitches are formed and tightened by the conjoint
operation of the eye pointed needle, the looper mechanism, the hook needle, the feed
mechanism, the take up, and the intermittent tension apparatus. One of the operations
of the take up, as exhibited in the said machine, is to assist the feed mechanism in
drawing in the looped thread as it is slackened by the rise of the needles. With
certain short lengths of stitch provided for each machine the feed mechanism alone
will not draw in as much thread as is released by the rise of the needles; and it is
evident that the shorter the stitch within this limit the more of the thread slackened
by the needles should be drawn in by the take up and conversely the longer the stitch
the less of this thread should be so drawn in. In the patented machine the effect of
the take up in drawing in thread from the needles is regulated without altering the
actual amount of thread drawn in by the said take up, by permitting the take up freely
to draw more or less of this constant amount from the spool through the open tension
apparatus. In other words the tension apparatus being closed earlier for short stitches
causes the take up to draw more thread from the needles and less from the spool, but
being held open longer for stitches not so short permits the take up to draw more thread
from the spool and less from the needles. The take up's action therefore, while uniform
if considered by itself, is variable with respect to the amount of thread drawn by it
from the needles. Practically in sewing fine work the force required to draw thread
from the spool, although the tension apparatus be open, may be sufficient to pull the
sewing thread into the fine material and thus to make objectionable indentations
where the thread appears on the right side of the work..
According to the present improvement the actual amount of the thread drawn in by
the take up during the first half of the needles' rise, is made variable with the length
of stitches and this variation is automatically accomplished through suitable means
directly or indirectly connected with the feed regulating devices, so as to be properly
set or adjusted whenever the length of stitch is altered. These means admit of a
wide range of modification. The desired variation is or may be accomplished without
altering the throw of the take up proper, by the use of a supplemental thread con-
troller or thread guide so placed and adjusted that for more or less of its motion the
take up travels over the thread lengthwise thereof without pulling thereon. This
thread controller or thread guide is or may be connected with the feed regulating
devices so as to be adjusted thereby. The invention extends generally to an improved
take up which draws in a length of thread which is automatically varied in accordance
with the length of stitch and it may be applied not only to the patented machine and
other machines of the same type but to any sewing machine in which such a take up
action is or may be desirable; but such take up is specially included in the invention
in combination with an eye pointed needle, a hook needle, a looper mechanism and a
feed mechanism such as employed in the patented machine or in other sewing machines
forming the same or similar stitch in like manner.
In the patented machine the take up besides the operation of drawing in thread
during the rise of the needles while these are below the work, has the following
operations also; that is to say, it draws in quickly the loop which is released from the
barb of the hook needle as the latter enters the work, it keeps the thread stretched
while the eye pointed needle is pushing the loop through the work at the same time
giving up thread to such needle, and it suddenly releases the thread when the needles
are at the top of their stroke in order to throw with greater certainty a loop for the
looper mechanism.
In employing a supplemental thread controller or thread guide, having an adjusting
connection with the feed regulating devices, as before explained, it is desirable to
remove it during these last mentioned operations of the take up, or of such of them
as it may be desired to retain and as the said guide might interfere with, and therefore
the latter is connected with the needle mechanism or other suitable part of the sewing

page_text: machine, so as to be moved into and out of operative position at each stitch. In this
case the thread controller or thread guide is or may be formed on or connected with
a lever which has its fulcrum adjusted by the feed regulating devices and which is
reciprocated by a connection with the needle mechanism or other proper part of the
machine or other suitable arrangements may be employed.
In the patented machine the feed regulating devices, whose position determines the
length of stitch, are or may be automatically shifted by forco generated in running
the machine; they are provided with a pawl which permits them to be moved in one
direction but prevents motion in the reverse direction, until it is lifted out of
engagement with its ratchet, and also with a stop which can be set in different
positions and which permits the motion of the said regulating devices until the stop
is reached.
In accordance with the present improvement additional means are provided for
locking the feed regulating devices against the force generated in running, or against
other force, in positions where otherwise their motion would be permitted by said pawl
and stop. The invention extends generally to the use of said locking means in con-
nection with any suitable feed mechanism, and especially a feed meclianism provided
with means for shifting the feed regulating devices automatically by force generated in
running, in addition to an adjustable stop for said regulating devices with or without
a pawl; but it also comprises the use of locking means of special construction with
or without either stop or pawl. These special locking means consist of a notched
or other suitable locking bar which can be thrown into and out of engagement with a
suitable part of said feed regulating devices, and so remains until it is changed by
hand, and which extends along the path of said part for a greater or less.distance so
as to engage the same at different points within such distance. This locking bar is
or may be arranged above the handle of the feed regulating devices (or in other appro-
priato position relative thereto or to other suitable part) and is thrown into and out of
engagement by being raised or lowered by a hand cam or other contrivance, which
can be shifted quickly by the operator; or it may be put into or out of action in other
appropriate mode.
In the patented machine the work or body of the article to the edges of which the
entering braid is stitched, is guided by a laterally adjustable work guide mounted on
the presser foot with which it is raised and lowered.
According to the present improvement there is provided an adjustable stop for
limiting the adjustment of said guide in one or in both directions, which stop can be
set or adjusted to different points so as to enable the guide to be returned always to
the same position while permitting it to be moved away temporarily when for any
reason it is desirable to do so. This stop is arranged in the path of the lever for adjusting
said work guide, or in the path of any suitable device which moves with the said
guide; and it is mounted on a swinging arm so that it may be shifted from one side
of said lever or device to the other and thus operate to limit the motion in either
direction according to the side on which it is placed; but a stop may be used which
cannot be so shifted. The stop is made adjustable in a slot on the presser foot or
presser arm; a clamp is provided for retaining it in the position to which it is or may
be adjusted, and said clamp is provided with a projecting arm by means of which
it may be released and reapplied with facility; but, other appropriate means can be used
for adjustably supporting the stop.
In ordinary work one width of straw braid is stitched to the edge of the work or
previously sewed braid, but it is often desirable to sew to a piece of work, a strip com-
posed of several or many widths of braid. In the patented machine there is a small
space to the right of the line of sewing for the reception of such a piece and conse-
quently only pieces of comparatively small width can be sewed with said machine. This
space is limited on the right by the vertical wall which forms part of the machine
frame, and on the top by the projection of the presser arm which supports the
presser foot, the work guide and a portion of the looper mechanism, and which extends
close to the said wall. It is also further limited by the presence of the hand cam for
lifting the presser arm, on the left face of said wall.

page_text: According to the present improvement a recess is mado vertically between the
aforesaid projection of the presser arm and the said wall of the machine frame and the
aforesaid hand cam is removed from the left face of said wall to a position on
the front of the machine frame to the right of said wall. This vertical recess com-
municates with the space under the presser foot and work guide to the right of the
line of sewing, so that the piece to be attached can be turned up into the said recess if
it is too large to be accommodated in the horizontal space to the left of the afore-
said wall.
00 11
1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Sewing Straw Braid and other
Materials.
I BENJAMIN WILLCOX of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex
Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this Invention (which has been
communicated to me from abroad by the Willcox and Gibbs Sewing Machine Company
of New York in the United States of America, Manufacturers) and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :—
This Invention relates more particularly to improvements in the machine described
and shewn in the Specification and Drawings of Letters Patent No. 5926 dated May 1,
1886, bereinafter referred to as the patented machine; but the said improvements
may be employed in other sewing machines to which they, or any of them, are or may
be applicable.
In the patented machine an eye pointed and a hook needle are mounted on a
commom carrier, parallel with each other, with their shanks on opposite sides of an
interposed fin or mid-feather against which the said shanks are clamped and by which
the needles are held apart; the said shanks have each the side which bears against the
said fin or mid-feather flattened more or less; and the distance between the axes of
these two needles is regulated by removing more or less material from the said
flattened sides.
According to the present improvement the point and the whole (or a suitable part)
of the blade of either or both the needles are made eccentric to the axis of the shank,
so as to bring them nearer to or farther from the said flat portion and thus to regulate
the distance between the points of the two needles and the axes of their blades (or of
suitable parts of said blades) independently of the distance between the axes of their
shanks. Thus it is possible to increase the distance between the points of the needles
without making the shanks any larger or in any way altering the means for holding
the needles, while at the same time the ability to vary the distance by removing more
or less of the material from the flat side of the shank is retained to the like extent as
before.
The desired eccentricity is or may be given by off setting the blade from the shank
after the blade and shank have been formed, or by off setting one part of the blade
from another, or it might be by off setting one part of the shank from another if the
shank were sufficiently long, or it may be given by off setting the needle at two
or more points.
The improvement is applicable to any machine of the type of the patented machines,
that is to say of the type which has a hook needle and an eye pointed needle mounted
parallel with each other on a carrier common to the two needles, irrespective of the
precise means of securing the shanks to the carrier.
In the patented machine the feed regulating devices, whose position determines the
length of stitch, are or may be automatically shifted by force generated in running the
machine; they are provided with a pawl which permits them to be moved in one
direction but prevents motion in the reverse direction, until it is lifted out of engage-
ment with its ratchet, and also with a stop which can be set in different positions and
which permits the motion of the said regulating devices until the stop is reached.

page_text: In accordance with the present improvement additional means are provided for
locking the feed regulating devices against the force generated in running or against
other force tending to shift said devices automatically, in positions where their motion
would be permitted by the pawl and stop. The invention extends generally to the
employment of means which can be applied and released at will by hand, for locking
the feed regulating devices against the force which tends to shift them automatically,
so that the operator can lock the regulating devices in the desired position and then by
releasing the locking means permit the feed regulating devices to be shifted automati-
cally; as well as to the employment of such locking means in connection with or in
addition to the adjustablo stop, with or without the pawl.
The invention also comprises the use in connection with any suitable feed mechanism
but especially one whose regulating devices are shifted automatically by a force
generated in running, of locking means of special construction, with or without either
stop or pawl.
These special locking means consist of a notched or other suitable locking bar which
can be thrown into and out of engagement with a suitable part of said feed regulating
devices and so remains until it is changed by hand, and which extends along the path
of said part for a greater or less distance so as to engage the same at different points
within such distance. This locking bar is or may be arranged above the handle of the
feed regulating devices (or in other appropriate position relative thereto or to other
suitable part) and is thrown into and out of engagement by being raised or lowered by
a hand cam or other contrivance which can be shifted quickly by the operator; or it
may be put into and out of action in other appropriate ways.
In the patented machine the work or body of the article to the edge of which the
entering braid is stitched is guided by a laterally adjustable work guide mounted on
the presser foot or presser arm with which it is raised and lowered.
According to the present improvement there is provided an adjustable stop for
limiting the adjustment of said guide in one or in both directions, which stop can be
set or adjusted to different points so as to enable the guide to be returned always to
the same position while permitting it to be moved away temporarily when for any
reason it is desirable to do so. This stop is arranged in the path of the lever for
adjusting said work-guide or in the path of any suitable device which moves with the
said guide, and it is mounted on a swinging arm so that it may be shifted from one
side of said lever or device and thus operate to limit the motion in either direction
according to the side on which it is placed; but a stop may be used which cannot be
so shifted. The stop is made adjustable in a sloi on the presser foot or presser arm; a
clamp is provided for retaining it in the position to which it is or may be adjusted, and
said clamp is provided with a projecting arm by means of which it may be released
and reapplied with facility; but, other appropriate means can be used for adjustably
supporting the stop.
In ordinary work one width of straw braid is stitched to the edge of the work or
previously sewed braid, but it is often desirable to sew to a piece of work, a strip
composed of several or many widths of braid.
In the patented machine there is a small space to the right of the line of sewing for
the reception of such a piece and consequently only pieces of comparatively small
width can be sewed with said machine.
This space is limited on the right by a vertical wall which forms part of the machine-
frame, and on the top by the projection of the presser arm which supports the
presser foot, the work guide and a portion of the looper mechanism, and which
extends close to the said wall. It is also further limited by the presence of the
hand cam for lifting the presser arm on the left face of said wall.
According to the present improvement a recess is made vertically between the
aforesaid projection of the presser arm and the said wall of the machine frame and
the aforesaid hand cam is removed from the left face of said wall to a position on
the front of the machine frame to the right of said wall. This vertical recess
communicates with the space under the presser foot and work guide to the right
of the line of sewing, so that the piece to be attached can be turned up into the

page_text: said recess if it is too large to be accommodated in the horizontal space to the
left of the aforesaid wall.
In the accompanying drawings which form part of this Specification,
Figure I is a front view of a machine containing the present improvements.
Figure II is a detail view showing the eye pointed and hook needles and part of
their supporting bracket.
Figures III and IV are enlarged views of the eye pointed needle and the hook
needle respectively, and illustrate the effect of the off setting.
Figure V is an inverted plan showing the new or additional locking means for
the feed regulating devices.
Figure VI is a plan showing the handle of said devices with the adjustable stop
and pawl and ratchet.
Figure VII is a plan showing the adjustable stop for the work guide.
Figure VIII is a similar view with the stop shifted to the opposite side of the lever
for adjusting the work guide.
Figure 1X is a sectional view on line ix of Figure VII.
The parts referred to by capital letters and numerals are the same as those similarly
marked in the Specification to Letters patent herein before referred to; the new or
additional references required by this Specification are made by small letters. Some
old parts not specially marked in the hereinbefore mentioned Specification are referred
to herein by small letters as well as the new or additional parts.
A is the main frame of the machine, B the base and the cover.
E is the driving
pulley, is the work plate, T the presser foot and X the presser arm.
The eye pointed needle R (Figure 1) and the hook needle S are secured on the
bracket 200 which forms part of the vertically reciprocating needle carrier; and they
make the stitch as described in the Specification hereinbefore referred to with the aid
of the looper V, threader W, take up L' and feed mechanism.
As described in the said Specification the needles rest on pins 3 and have their
shanks placed on the opposite sides of a mid feather 201 against which they
are held by the jaws 4. These jaws are drawn together by the screw 6 and the
shanks which are originally round have the material removed from the sides which
fit against the mid-feather, leaving flat surfaces there. By removing more or less of
the material the distance between the axes of the shanks of the two needles RS can
be regulated. In the improved needles the points rs and blades ¹s of the two
needles are made eccentric to the axes of their respective shanks "s" or are off-
set from their said shanks so that the distance between the axes of the points
and blades is greater than between the axes of the shanks. This is shown most
clearly in Figures III and IV in which the broken lines a represent the axes of the
shanks.
As shown both needles are provided with the offset; but it is evident that one only
might be so provided and that in such case a like advantage, but to a less extent would
be obtained.
In manufacturing the needles, these are first formed from wire with the axes of the
blades and points coincident with those of the shanks, and then the needles are placed
in dies and the blades and points are offset or forced into an eccentric position
relatively to the shanks.
Referring to Figures I, V, and VI the handle 97 of the feed regulating devices
projects through a slot-like depression in the upper edge of the frame A. The bottom
of this depression is toothed to form a ratchet 230 and the handle 97 is provided with
a pawl 231 which engages said ratchet and prevents the movement of lever N' in the
direction to shorten the stitch while permitting motion in the direction to lengthen
the stitch. When it is desired to shorten the stitch the pawl is lifted from engage-
ment with the ratchet. The pin 98 which can be set in one or another of the series
of holes in the ratchet 230 forms an adjustable stop to limit the movement of the
lever N¹ and consequently the adjustment of the feed movement or length of stitch.
The feed mechanism being constructed as explained in the specification herein before
referred to so that in running a force is generated which tends to shift the feed

page_text: regulating devices in the direction to lengthen the stitch, whenever a sufficient speed
is attained the lever N' and handle 97 travel to the right (in the drawings) until the
motion is arrested by the adjustable stop pin 98.
The locking bar n is provided to restrain this travel of the lever N¹ and to prevent
the lengthening of the stitch until said bar is withdrawn. This locking bar n is
secured at its right hand end to the inside of the cover .C by means of the screw n¹
and bears against the stationary pin " which prevents it from turning on the
screw n¹; and at its left hand end it is provided with a series of teeth or notches n¹¹1
which run parallel with the line motion of the handle 97 and are adapted to engage
the projection m on the said handle. At n the locking bar is made elastic and
flexible so that the left hand end can be raised to disengage the teeth n from the
projection m or can be lowered to engage the same with said projection. There is
thus a spring hinge connection of the locking bar with the cover C or more generally
with the machine frame of which the cover forms part. The locking bar is so placed
that the elasticity of the spring portion n throws the bar n down into engagement
with the handle 97. The teeth or notches and projection m might be so shaped
that the barn when engaged would prevent the lever N¹ from being moved in either
direction but it is preferred to use ratchet teeth on the locking bar and to use such
a projection on the handle 97 that the said projection will lift and ride under the
ratchet teeth when moved to the left. To raise and lower the locking bar, a lever
arm turning on a centre is provided, which acts upon the incline on the
locking barn and thus is in the nature of a hand cam. This arm projects beyond.
the frame A. C. so that it is easily reached by the operator.
When the locking bar n is raised the teeth are lifted away from the pro-
jection m and the lever N₁ can be moved so as to lengthen the stitch; if it is desired
to arrest this motion the lever-arm l-is turned to the left and the bar n is at once
thrown down and engages the handle 97 whatever may be its position under the
teeth. Of course the number of the teeth may be increased desired. By
properly manipulating the lever arm it is possible to release the feed regulating
devices and when these have been shifted to a certain extent to arrest them in their
-new position, and finally to-release them again and allow a still further lengthening
of the stitch.
Referring to Figures I, VII, VIII, and 1X, the presser foot T and the work
guide T¹ are secured to the horizontal flat projection 145 of the presser arm X by
means of the thumb screw 146 which is tapped into a tongue on the work guide and
is movable back and forth with said guide in slot 151 in the projection 145 and a
corresponding opening in the presser foot permitting the motion. Swivelled on the
screw 146 is the adjusting lever V₁ whose fulcrum is formed by pin 155 engaging a
notch 156 in the projection 145.
The stopp for the work guide is set in the path of the lever V₁. It is formed by
a pin projecting vertically from a small carrier plate or swinging arm pl which is
clamped to a slotted extension q at the rear of the projection 145 by means of a
screw q' passing through the slot and the nut q engaging the screw under the slotted
extension. The nut q has a long handle so that it can more easily be turned for
releasing the clamp to enable the stop p to be adjusted or for applying it to hold the
stop in the desired position. The carrier plate or arm p¹ can be swung around so as
to bring the stop p on either side of the lever V1.
When the stop p is on the right of the lever V as shown in Figures VII and IX,
the stop limits the maximum amount of lap; that is to say if the stopp be placed in
such position that when the lever V₁ is against said stop the work laps over the
entering braid to a certain extent, it is possible by moving the lever away from the
stop, to adjust the work guide to the left and thus diminish the amount of lap; when
it is desired to increase the lap to the original amount-this can be done with pre-
cision without special care on the part of the operator by moving the lever V₁ to the
right until it is arrested by the stop p.
When the stop p is on the left of the lever V' as in Figure VIII, it limits the
minimum lap.

page_text: Referring to Figure I the vertical portion of the presser arm X which carries
the looper V, threader W and horizontal flat projection 145 is sot away from the
vertical wall u of the frame A. leaving between them a space to which may receive a
portion of the material when a wide piece is to be stitched to the work instead of
the single braid. The lump 59 on the presser arm is placed to the right of the wall
and the hand cam 58 for acting against said lump to raise the presser arın is secured
to the frame A. also to the right of the wall u. The hand cam is journalled on a
bracket y which is fastened to the frame A. by a screw passing through a slot so as to
allow the bracket and hand cam to be adjusted vertically.
The machinery not particularly described may of course be the same as described
in the Specification herein before referred to, or of other suitable construction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The eye pointed needle having the shank flattened on one side and the point
and blade eccentric to or offset from the said shank substantially as described.
2. The hook needle having the shank flattened on one side and the point and blade
ecentric to or offset from the said shank, substantially as described.
3. The manufacture of needles having the points and blades eccentric to or offset
from their shanks by offsetting the blades and points from the shanks after the needles
have been shaped, substantially as described.
4. In sewing machines in which the stitches are formed by an eye pointed and a
hook needle mounted parallel with each other on a carrier common to both, in con-
junction with looping devices and a feed mechanism, the employment of needles one
or both of which have the points and blades eccentric to or offset from their shanks
substantially as described.
5. The employment in sewing machines of the type of the patented inachine
herein before referred to in conjunction with the looper and throader moving as in said
machine, of needles one or both of which are provided with offset blades and points
shaped and held substantially as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and
described with reference thereto.
6. In a sewing machine whose feed regulating devices are shifted automatically,
the employment of means for locking the feed regulating devices against the force
which tends automatically to shift the same, said means being applied and released at
will by hand, substantially as described.
7. The employment for controlling the feed regulating devices of a sewing machino
in connection with the adjustable stop, with or without the pawl and ratchet, of the
additional locking means herein described.
8. For locking the feed regulating devices of a sewing machine, the employment of
a notched or other suitable locking bar which can be thrown into and out of engage-
ment with the handle or other part of said devices and so remains until changed by
hand and which extends along the path of said part, so as to engage the same at a
number of points substantially as described.
9. For locking the feed regulating devices of a sewing machine, the locking bar
and device in the nature of a hand cam for raising and lowering said bar, sub-
stantially as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described with reference
thereto.
10. In a sewing machine, in connection with feed regulating devices which are
automatically shifted, the employment of the locking bar and device in the nature
of the hand cam substantially as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and
described with reference thereto, alone or in combination with the pawl and the
adjustable stop or either of them substantially as set forth.
11. In a sewing machine the employment of an adjustable stop to limit the
adjustment of the work guide relatively to the presser foot both stop and work guide
being raised and lowered with said presser foot substantially as described.
B

page_text: 12. The stop mounted on a swinging arm, in combination with the clamp for said
swinging arm, the presser foot, its carrier, the work guide and the lever for adjusting
said work guide, substantially as described.
13. The combination with the presser foot, work guide, and adjusting lever, of the
carrier for the presser foot provided with a slotted extension, and the stop clamp
screw and long handled nut for adjusting the stop on said extension in the path of
said adjusting lever, substantially as described..
14. In combination with the presser foot, the work guide, the carrier for the
presser foot and the means for adjusting the work guide, the stop and its adjusting
means substantially as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described with
reference thereto.
15. The construction of the presser arm, in a sewing machine of the type of the
patented machine hereinbefore referred to with a recess between the upright wall on
the right of the presser arm and the projection which carries the presser foot work
guide and a portion of the looper mechanism, substantially as described, the hand
cam being placed at the right of said wall and the presser arin which lies parallel with
said wall being hinged at the rear as shown.
16. In a machine of the type of the patented machine hereinbefore referred to the
construction and arrangement of the presser arm and the looper and threader, and
other parts carried thereby, and the hand cam for lifting the presser arm,
substantially as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described with
reference thereto.
T

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd May, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 21st Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 6th Apr., 1889
Mechanism for Transmitting Movements therein.
I, BENJAMIN WILLCOX, of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, which has been
communicated to me from abroad by the Willcox and Gibbs Sewing Machine
Company, of New York, in the United States of America, Manufacturers, to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates more particularly to improvements in the machine described
and shown in the specification and drawings of Letters Patent No. 5926 dated
May 1st 1886, hereinafter referred to as the patented machine, but the said invention
is applicable to other sewing machines and to machinery in general employing
mechanism for transmitting movements therein.
In the patented machine there are several grooved cams for transmitting move-
ment to different parts of the machine, namely, the looper cam for operating the
looper, the threader cam for operating the threader, the controller clamping cam for
applying pressure intermittently to clamp the controller mechanism, and the take up
cam for operating the take up and in the groove in each of these cams is a roller
(such as commonly used in cams) mounted on a journal pin fixed in the lever arm
which is vibrated by the cam.
In accordance with the present improvement two rollers mounted side by side upon
concentric axes, are arranged in the groove of each of the cams except the controller
clamping cam, (or they may be arranged in the grooves of any one or more of these
cams, including the controller clamping cam), and the said rollers are arranged in
such a manner that one roller bears against the outer wall of the groove and the other
against the inner wall thereof. The rollers therefore revolve in opposite directions
relatively to each other but each of them bears constantly against the same wall of
the groove and revolves in the same direction. In the ordinary arrangement the
single roller is acted on first by one wall of the groove and then by the opposite

page_text: wall, and is thus turned in opposite directions or is exposed to forces tending to turn
it first in one and then in the reverse direction. By the new or improved arrange-
ment easier running, less wear and a tighter fit are or may be secured. The two
roliers are of different diameters and are mounted concentrically on a common journal
pin, the wall against which the smaller roller bears being cut away opposite the larger
roller so as to give a clearance thereto. In case of wear one or both rollers may
be replaced. In the patented machines the cams are placed vertically and the cam
grooves are formed in the faces of the cam discs, but the improvement is applicable
as well to vertical cams with the cam grooves in their peripheries or to horizontal
cams with grooves either in face or periphery, or to other forms of grooved cams.
In the patented machine the friction rollers for the single acting cains, (namely
the tension cam for opening the tension apparatus and the extra pressure cam for
putting an extra pressure on the presser foot to hold it down while the needles are
pushed through the work) as well as those for the grooved cams, are ordinary
solid rollers; and so also may be the double rollers under the last improvement
above mentioned.
According to the present improvement said rollers (or such of them as may be
desired) are provided in one or both faces with an oil chamber or groove closed
towards the circumference and open towards the centre of the roller, so that when
the roller is revolved the centrifugal forco carries the oil or lubricant into this
chamber or groove.
Between the latter and the journal of the roller, the face of
the roller is sloped or formed so as to conduct the oil from the upper part of the
roller onto the said journal when the machine stops. The oil chamber prevents
the oil or lubricant from being thrown off the roller by centrifugal force in running
and permits it or some of it whenever the machine stops to flow down by gravity
onto the journal which is thus kept constantly lubricated. The oil also lubricates
the shoulders at the sides of the rollers. In the case of double rollers, one or both
of the rollers may be provided with an oil chamber on-cach-or on either side, but it
is preferred to provide both rollers of a pair with oil chambers in their adjacent faces.
In the case of single rollers, an oil chamber may be provided in-one or preferably in
each face.
In the patented machine a number of divided bearings, or bearings formed by
and between two parts or pieces held together by screws or bolts, are employed. In
the needle operating meclianism, for example, motion is communicated to the needle
carrier from a needle eccentric on the main shaft through an eccentric strap, a link,
a rock shaft and other connections which it is unnecessary here to specify; and the
joints between the eccentric and the eccentric strap, between the said strap and the
upper end of the link, between the lower end of the link and the lever arin of said
rock shaft all have divided bearings.
According to the present improvement these bearings (or such of them as may be
desired) are made adjustable for wear and are also so constructed that the two parts
thereof may the more easily adapt themselves to the eccentric, the journal pin, or the
other moveable devices therein. The improved bearing for the eccentric in the
eccentric strap, is formed by and between the body of the said strap and a cap
confined by a single holding screw on each side of the eccentric, but instead of holding
the cap rigidly and clamping it solidly against the body of the strap, the said cap is
left with a certain freedom of motion and an adjustable stop is provided for each
holding screw which stop arrests the inward motion of the corresponding holding
screw when it has been screwed in far enough properly, to confine the cap. By
changing the position of the stop the cap can be adjusted to compensate for wear.
The removal of the holding screws does not or need not alter the adjustment of the
stops which consequently will arrest the holding screws at the same points when the
cap is replaced. It will of course be understood that the parts of the bearing are so
proportioned that they fit the eccentric when there is still space between the cap and
the body of the eccentric strap. The holding screws may be tapped into a part of
the bearing or they may engage nuts or other pieces which press against a suitable
part of the bearing.

page_text: According to one arrangement the holding screws, fixed in the cap one on each side
of the eccentric, project through holes of slightly larger diameter in flanges on the
body of the eccentric strap; the projecting ends engage nuts which press upon said
flanges; and the adjusting stops are each tapped axially into the end of the corre-
sponding nut which projects beyond its screw, and they operate to limit the motion
of the nut over the holding screw or of the holding screw into the nut by contact
with the said screw. According to another arrangement the holding screws, one on
each side of the eccentric, pass through holes of slightly larger diameter in the cap,
and have heads on their outer ends by which the cap is confined; these holding
screws are tapped into flanges on the body of the eccentric strap; and the adjustable
stops are tapped through the said flanges from the opposite side in line with the holding
screws whose motion they limit by contact therewith. According to a third arrange-
ment, instead of tapping the screws into the flanges on the eccentric strap they are
tapped into their respective adjustable stops which latter are tapped into said flanges.
Each of these arrangements may be reversed, that is to say, the holding screws of
the first arrangement could be fixed in the body of the eccentric and project through
the cap, in which case the nuts would press against said cap; and the screws of the
second and third arrangements might pass through flanges on the body of the eccentric
strap and be tapped into the cap or into the adjustable stop which would then be
tapped into the said cap. Other arrangements more or less modified may be
adopted.
The screws and the stops may make contact with each other at their ends or at
other suitable points, as for example the end of the stop might make contact with
a shoulder on the holding screw and so on.
the
The improved bearing for the journal pin which connects the eccentric strap with
upper end of the link before mentioned is formed by and between the body of
said strap and a cap substantially as just described for the cap of the bearing for the
eccentric, the preferred arrangement being to have the holding screws fixed in the
body of the eccentric strap and project through holes of slightly larger diameter in
the cap, to have the projecting ends of said screws engage nuts which press against
the cap, and to have the adjustable stops tapped axially into the nuts which extend
beyond the screws; but other suitable arrangements may be employed.
In the patented machine the joint between the lower end of the link (before
mentioned) and the lever arm of the rock shaft (also before mentioned) is formed
through the intermediary of a box, which is adjustable in a slot in the lover arm
and is connected by a journal pin with the lower end of the link. There are thus two
bearings, namely, a journal bearing for the journal pin in the box, and a sliding
bearing for the box in the lever arm. In each case the bearing is divided, that for
the journal pin being formed by and between the two parts of the box, and that for
the box being formed by and between the body of the lever and a cap piece bolted
thereto. The cap piece forms one side of the slot in which the box is set and the
body of the lever the opposite side of said slot, and the box is divided with the slot so
that one part of said box bears against the body of the lever and the other against the
cap piece.
In the improved bearings for this part of the machine the said cap piece is secured
to the body of the lever by substantially the means described for securing the caps
to the body of the eccentric strap; and the two parts of the box are so proportioned,
that they fit the journal pin when there is still space between them and also between
the cap piece and the body of the lever. These spaces permit the parts to be set up
closer for wear and also give room for them to adjust themselves automatically so as
to secure an uniform pressure over the bearing surfaces. The one adjustment of the
holding screws takes up wear for both the journal and the sliding bearing. Any
suitable arrangement of holding screws and stops may be used, but the preferred
arrangement is to have the two screws pass through holes of somewhat larger diameter
in the cap piece and be tapped into the body of the lever arm, to have the heads
of these screws confine the cap piece and to have the adjustable stops for said screws

page_text: tapped into the body of the lever arm from the opposite side in line with the said.
screws so as to make contact therewith when these have been screwed in far enough
properly to adjust the said cap piece.
It is very desirable for the parts in all the improved bearings to ho left loose,
so that they can rock slightly on an axis connecting the holding screws, which rocking
motion is permitted by having the holes for the holding screws slightly larger in
diameter than the latter, but it is evident that if the screws fitted the holes closely so
Such a
as to prevent such rocking, the bearing would still be adjustable for wear.
construction is also included in the invention. In the patented machine the eccentric
is what is known as a ball eccentric, and there is a ball joint between the journal
pin at the lower end of the link and the box.
The improved bearings are especially useful in connection with ball eccentrics and
ball journals, but they are also useful with cylindrical or other form of eccentrics and
journals. In the patented machine the pin at the top of the link has a cylindrical
bearing but of course a ball bearing could be used, and so also cylindrical bearings
could be used in place of the ball bearings, as shewn in the drawings of the patent.
So far as concerns the bearing in the box for the journal pin at the lower end of the
link, considered simply as a journal bearing apart from the fact that the box slides
in the lever arms, the principle is manifestly similar to that of the bearing in the
eccentric strap for the journal pin at the top of the link, only instead of having the
holding screws pass through or into the box itself, they pass through or into pieces
which press upon the parts of the box.
In the patented machines there are numerous bearings which require to be or
should be oiled or lubricated; and for this purpose oil holes are drilled in many
instances through the bearing to the journal, shaft or movable device generally therein,
(referred to hereinafter for convenience as the journal). As these holes are small
and open only at the top, air at the bottom of them is apt to interfere with the
introduction of the oil or its access to the journal.
According to the present improvement an additional or ventilating hole (which
may or may not also serve as an oil hole) is formed in the bearing so as to com-
municate with an oil hole at the bottom and carry away the air when the lubricating
oil is introduced. The two oil holes (each serving as a ventilating holo to the other)
or the oil-hole and a special ventilating hole are formed obliquely in the bearing
running together liko the lines of the letter V, and meeting with each other and
the journal at the point of the V; or they are arranged in any other suitable way
so as to secure two oil holes, or an oil hole and a ventilating hole communicating
with each other in the immediate vicinity of the journal. The holes are sometimes
formed at the base of upright connecting rods, or levers or other vertical surface,
and one or more conduits are arranged to conduct any lubricant which may run over
such surface or surfaces into the oil holes.
In the patented machine there is a base in which the machine frame sets; and
this base has a raised border and serves to collect the lubricating oil which may
drip from the machinery.
According to the present improvement the base is provided with a depression or
well into which the oil runs, and a cup is set in said well, which cup has the upper
edge lower at one or more points than the top of the well so that the oil will flow
into it from the well; and said cup is also provided with a spout and a handle both
projecting out of the well when the cup is set therein. The base has two projections
between which the spout may be placed when the cup set in the well so as to bring
the handle and spout always in the same position. The improvement includes the
base with the oil woll and cup, with or without the projections just mentioned.
The base may be under the whole machine or any suitable part or parts thereof.
The parts of the invention may be used separately either in the patented machine
or otherwise, they being applicable severally not only to sewing machines in general,
but to machinery in general employing mechanism for transmitting movements
therein.

page_text: Thus for example the new or improved arrangement of grooved cams with double
friction rollers may be employed not only in machines of the type of the patented
machine and in other sewing machines, but in other machinery in general to transmit
movements to levers, to slides or to other organs; the improved bearings can be
applied to eccentrics, journals and similar devices in machinery generally for sewing
or for other purpose or purposes; and the improved friction rollers, the improved
or ventilated oil holes and the new or improved base are each applicable to sewing
and other machines in general, which employ mechanism for transmitting movement
therein.

page_text: Improvements in Sewing Machines and other Machines Employing
Mechanism for Transmitting Movements therein.
I BENJAMIN WILLCOX, of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention which has been
communicated to me from abroad by the Willcox and Gibbs Sewing Machine
Company of New York in the United States of America Manufacturers, and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates more particularly to improvements in the machine described
and shown in the Specification and drawings of Letters Patent No. 5926, dated
May 1st, 1886, hereinafter referred to as the patented machine, but the said invention
is applicable to other sewing machines and to machinery in general employing
mechanism for transmitting movements therein.
In the patented machine there are several grooved cams for transmitting
movement to different parts of the machine namely, the looper cam for operating
the looper, the threader cam for operating the threader, the controller clamping cam
for applying pressure intermittently to clamp the controller mechanism, and the take
up cam for operating the take up; and in the groove for each of these cams is a
roller (such as commonly used in cams) mounted on a journal pin fixed in the lever
arm which is vibrated by the cam.
In accordance with the present improvement two rollers mounted side by side upon
concentric axes, are arranged in the groove of each of the cams except the
controller clamping cam (or they may be arranged in the grooves of any one or
more of these cams, including the controller clamping cam), and the said rollers are
arranged in such a manner that one roller bears against the outer wall of the groove
and the other against the inner wall thereof. The rollers therefore revolve in opposite
directions relatively to each other but each of them bears constantly against the
same wall of the groove and revolves in the same direction. In the ordinary
arrangement the single roller is acted on first by one wall of the groove and then
by the opposite wall, and is thus turned in opposite directions or is exposed to forces
tending to turn it first in one and then in the reverse direction. By the new or
improved arrangement easier running, less wear and a tighter fit are or may be
secured. The two rollers are of different diameters and are mounted concentrically
on a common journal pin, the wall against which the smaller roller bears being cut
away opposite the larger roller so as to give a clearance thereto. In case of wear
one or both rollers may be replaced. In the patented machines the cams are placed
vertically and the cam grooves are formed in the faces of the cam discs, but the
improvement is applicable as well to vertical cams with the cam grooves in their
peripheries or to horizontal cams with grooves either in face or periphery, or to other
forms of grooved cams.
In the patented machine the friction rollers for the single acting cams, (namely the

page_text: tension cam for opening the tension apparatus and the extra pressure cam for putting
an extra pressure on the presser foot to hold it down while the needles are pushed
through tho work) as well as those for the grooved cams, are ordinary solid rollers;
and so also may be the double rollers under the last improvement above mentioned.
According to the present improvement said rollers (or such of them as may be
desired) are provided in one or both faces with an oil chamber or groove closed
towards the circumference and open towards the centre of the roller, so that when the
roller is revolved the centrifugal force carries the oil or lubricant into this chamber
or groove. Between the latter and the journal of the roller, the face of the roller is
sloped or formed so as to conduct the oil from the upper part of the roller onto the
said journal when the machine stops. The oil chamber prevents the oil or lubricant
from being thrown off the roller by centrifugal force in running and permits it or
some of it whenever the machine stops to flow down by gravity onto the journal
which is thus kept constantly lubricated. The oil also lubricates the shoulders at the
sides of the rollers. In the case of double rollers one or both of the rollers may
be provided with an oil chamber on each or on either side, but it is preferred
to provide both rollers of a pair with oil chambers in their adjacent faces. In
the case of single rollers, an oil chamber may be provided in one or preferably in
each face.
In the patented machine a number of dividod bearings or bearings formed by and
between two parts or pieces held together by screws or bolts are employed. In the
needle operating mechanism, for example, motion is communicated to the needlo
carrier from a needle eccentric on the main shaft through an eccentric strap, a link,
a rock shaft and other connections which it is unnecessary here to specify; and the
joints between the eccentric and the eccentric strap, between the said strap and the
upper end of the link, between the lower end of the link and the lever arm of said
rock shaft all have divided bearings.
According to the present improvement these bearings (or such of them as may be
desired) are made adjustable for wear and are also 50 constructed that the two parts
thereof may the more casily adapt themselves to the eccentric, the journal pin, or the
other movable devices therein. The improved bearing for the eccentric in the
eccentric strap, is formed by and between the body of the said strap and a cap
confined by a single holding screw on each side of the eccentric, but instead of
holding the cap rigidly and clamping it solidly against the body of the strap, the said
cap is left with a certain freedom of motion and an adjustable stop is provided for each
holding screw which stop arrests the inward motion of the corresponding holding
screw when it has been screwed in far enough properly to confine the cap. By
changing the position of the stop, the cap can be adjusted to compensato for wear.
The removal of the holding screws does not or need not alter the adjustment of the
stops which consequently will arrest the holding screws at the same points. when the
cap is replaced. It will of course be understood that the parts of the bearing aro
so proportioned that they fit the eccentric when there is still space between the cap
and the body of the eccentric. The holding screws may be tapped into a part of the
bearing or they may engage nuts or other pieces which press against a suitable part
of the bearing. According to one arrangement the holding screws fixed in the cap
(one on each side of the eccentric), project through holes of slightly larger diameter
in flanges on the body of the eccentric strap; the projecting ends engage nuts which
press upon said flanges; and the adjusting stops are each tapped axially into the end
of the corresponding nut which projects beyond its screw, and they operate to limit
the motion of the nut over the holding screw or of the holding screw into the nut by
contact with the said screw.
According to another arrangement the holding screws, one on each side of the
eccentric, pass through holes of slightly larger diameter in the cap, and have heads
on their outer ends by which the cap is confined; these holding screws are tapped
into flanges on the body of the eccentric strap; and the adjustable stops are tapped
through the said flanges from the opposite side in line with the holding screws whose
motion they limit by contact therewith.

page_text: According to a third arrangement, instead of tapping the screws into the flanges
on the eccentric strap they are tapped into their respective adjustable stops which
latter are tapped into said flanges. Each of these arrangements may be reversed,
that is to say, the holding screws of the first arrangement could be fixed in the body
of the eccentric and project through the cap, in which case the nuts would press
against said cap; and the screws of the second and third arrangements might
pass through flanges on the body of the eccentric strap and be tapped into the cap
or into the adjustable stop which would then be tapped into the said cap. Other
arrangements more or less modified may be adopted. The screws and the stops may make
contact with each other at their ends or at other suitable points, as for example, the
end of the stop might make contact with a shoulder on the holding screw and
so on.
The improved bearing for the journal pin which connects the eccentric strap with
the upper end of the link before mentioned is formed by and between the body of
said strap and a cap substantially as just described for the cap of the bearing for the
eccentric, the preferred arrangement being to have the holding screws fixed in the
body of the eccentric strap and project through holes of slightly larger diameter in
the cap, to have the projecting ends of said screws engage nuts which press against
the cap, and to have the adjustable stops tapped axially into the nuts which extend
beyond the screws; but other suitable arrangements may be employed.
In the patented machine the joint between the lower end of the link (before
mentioned) and the lever arm of the rock shaft (also before mentioned) is formed
through the intermediary of a box, which is adjustable in a slot in the lever arm
and is connected by a journal pin with the lower end of the link. There are thus two
bearings, namely, a journal bearing for the journal pin in the box, and a sliding
bearing for the box in the lever arm. In each case the bearing is divided, that for
the journal pin being formed by and between the two parts of the box, and that for
the box being formed by and between the body of the lever and a cap piece bolted
thereto. The cap piece forms one side of the slot in which the box is set and the
body of the lever the opposite side of said slot, and the box is divided with the slot so
that one part of said box bears against the body of the lever and the other against the
cap piece...
In the improved bearings for this part of the machine the said cap piece is secured
to the body of the lever by substantially the means described for securing the caps to
the body of the eccentric strap; and the two parts of the box are so proportioned,
that they fit the journal pin when there is still space between them and also between
the cap piece and the body of the lever. These spaces permit the parts to be set up
closer for wear and also give room for them to adjust themselves automatically so as
to secure an uniform pressure over the bearing surfaces. The one adjustment of the
holding screws takes up wear for both the journal and the sliding bearing. Any
suitable arrangement of holding screws and stops may be used, but the preferred
arrangement is to have the two screws pass through holes of somewhat larger
diameter in the cap piece and be tapped into the body of the lever arm, to have
the heads of these screws confine the cap piece and to have the adjustable stops
for said screws tapped into the body of the lever arm from the opposite side in line
with the said screws so as to make contact therewith when these have been screwed in
far enough properly to adjust the said cap piece.
It is very desirable for the parts in all the improved bearings to be left loose, so
that they can rock slightly on an axis connecting the holding screws, which rocking
motion is permitted by having the holes for the holding screws slightly larger in
diameter than the latter, but it is evident that if the screws fitted the holes closely so
as to prevent such rocking, the bearing would still be adjustable for wear.
Such a
construction is also included in the invention. In the patented machine the eccentric
is what is known as a ball eccentric, and there is a ball joint between the journal pin
at the lower end of the link and the box The improved bearings are especially
useful in connection with ball eccentrics and ball journals, but they are also useful
with cylindrical or other form of eccentrics and journals. In the patented machine

page_text: the pin at the top of the link has a cylindrical bearing but of course a ball bearing
could be used, and so also cylindrical bearings could be used in place of the ball
bearings, as shown in the drawings of the patent. So far as concerns the bearing in
the box for the journal pin at the lower end of the link, considered simply as a
journal bearing apart from the fact that the box slides in the lever arms, the principle
is manifestly similar to that of the bearing in the eccentric strap for the journal pin
at the top of the link, only instead of having the holding screws pass through or
into the box itself, they pass through or into pieces which press upon the parts of the
box.
In the patented machines there are numerous. bearings which require to be or
which should be oiled or lubricated; and for this purpose oil holes are drilled in many
instances through the bearing to the journal, shaft or movable device therein. As
these holes are small and open only at the top, air at the bottom of them is apt to
interfere with the introduction of the oil or its access to the journal or other movable
device.
According to the present improvement an additional or ventilating hole (which
may or may not also serve as an oil hole) is formed in the bearing so as to communicate
with an oil hole at the bottom and carry away the air when the lubricating oil is
introduced. The two oil holes (each serving as a ventilating hole to the other) or the
oil hole and a special ventilating hole are formed obliquely in the bearing running
together like the lines of the letter V, and meeting with each other and the journal
or other movable device at the point of the V; or they are arranged in any other
suitable way so as to secure two oil holes, or an oil hole and a ventilating hole
communicating with each other in the immediate vicinity of the journal or other
moveable device. The holes are sometimes formed at the base of upright connecting
rods, or levers or other vertical surface, and one or more conduits are arranged
to conduct any lubricant which may run over such surface or surfaces into the oil.
holes.
In the patented machine there is a base in which the machine frame sets; and this
base has a raised border and serves to collect the lubricating oil which may drip from
the machinery.
According to the present improvement the base is provided with a depression or
well into which the oil runs, and a cup is set in said well, which cup has the upper
edge lower at one or more points than the top of the well so that the oil will flow into
it from the well; and said cup is also provided with a spout and a handle both
projecting out of the well when the cup is set therein. The base has two projections
between which the spout may be placed when the cup is set in the well so as to
bring the handle and spout always in the same position. The improvement includes
the base with oil well and cup, with or without the projections just mentioned.
The base may be under the whole machine or any suitable part or parts thereof.
In the accompanying drawings which form part of this specification.
Figure I is a sectional view of the patented machine provided with the present
improvements, the view being taken in longitudinal vertical section, with certain
parts which lie in front of the plane of section shewn in elevation.
Figure II is an elevation of the threader cam and lever operated thereby.
Figures III III IV and V are enlarged detail views of the improved friction
rollers.
Figure VI is a sectional view of the principal parts of the needle movement
illustrating the improved divided bearings.
Figure VII is a detail view of the ventilated oil hole for lubricating the needle
eccentric.
Figures VIII, IX, X, XI and XII are detail views in section illustrating ventilated
oil holes in different parts of the machine.
Figure XIII is a detail view in elevation of the lower end of the lever shown in
section in Figure XII, and
Figure XIV is a perspective view of the oil cup used in the base.
The parts referred to by capital letters and numerals are or may be the same as
B

page_text: those similarly marked in the specification to Letters patent hereinbefore referred to;
the new or additional references required by this specification are inade by small or
lower case letters. Some old parts not specially marked in the said former specifi-
cation are referred to herein by small letters as well as the new or additional
parts.
Referring to Figure I, the looper cam L, the threader cam K, the tension can and
feed slide J, the extra pressure cam H, the controller clamping cam, the take up
cam G, the needle eccentric F and the driving pulley E, are all fixed on the main
revolving shaft D, which is journalled in bearings of the main frame A, the latter
being set in the base B and closed by a hinged cover C.
Two rollers ab (see Figure III) of slightly different diameter, mounted side by
side upon a stud c common to both rollers, are arranged in the groove of each of the
cams L, K and G, so that one roller a bears against the inner wall of the cam groove
and the other b against the outer wall of the same (or the arrangement could be
reversed the roller a bearing against the outer wall).
The small roller a which is of a diameter somewhat less than the width of the cam
groove, is placed at the bottom of the groove, and the wall against which said roller
bears is cut away as shown at d opposite the larger roller b so as to give a clearance
to said roller which is of a diameter greater than the width of the cam groove. In
Figures I and II the two rollers a bare shown mounted on the lever K₁ and placed
in the groove of the threader cam K; the rollers of the other cams L and G are
mounted on the lever H' and the lever arm 80 respectively but are not in position to
be seen in the view exhibited in Figure I. The cam grooves themselves are however
shown cut away at d so as to adapt them to use with the double rollers which occupy
the same positions as the single rollers in the patented machine hereinbefore referred
to. The width of the cam groove is the distance between the bearing surface of the
two rollers if one of said surfaces were extended so as to be directly opposite the
other; each roller rolls along its own surface out of contact with the other wall of
the cam groove and turns always in the same direction. In the drawings a greater
difference in diameter between the rollers than necessary in practice is shown in order
to exhibit the principle more clearly; it is preferred to make the rollers as nearly as
may be of the same size and yet give clearance to the inner roller. The rollers-a b
may be solid as shown in Figure III or one or both of them may be provided with a
lubricant chamber as shown in Figure III or lubricant chambers as shown in
Figure IV for roller e and described below.
h
The rollers e (Figures 1, IV and V) are journalled on studs f fixed in the levers 88
and respectively and roll upon the tension cam J and the extra pressure cam H
respectively. They (see Figures IV and V) are provided on both faces and the
rollers a (see Figure III) are provided on their adjacent faces with oil chambers
or grooves g closed towards the circumference, and open towards the centre and
slopes between the grooves or chambers and shoulders at the sides of the rollers.
When the machine runs, the rollers a he turn rapidly and any lubricating oil which
may collect on the grooved or chambered faces of the rollers is thrown by centrifugal
force into the grooves or chambers g, and when the machine stops the oil which is
then above the studs or journals runs down the slopes h on to bearing surfaces of the
shoulders ¹ and then onto the stud. Rollers with a grooved face or faces are of
course applicable to the grooved cams in the patented or other machine being used
singly, as customary, or in pairs as shown in the accompanying drawings.
The needle eccentric F (Figures 1 and VI) communicates motion to the rock
shaft Y for operating the needle carrier (not shown herein) through the eccentric
strap 7, journal pin 8, link Z, journal pin 9, box 11 and slotted lever arm 12 fixed
to the rock shaft Y. The pin 9 and box 11 are adjustable in the slotted arm 12 to
alter the extent of vibration of the rock shaft Y, the adjustment being effected by
the controller mechanism of the patented machine and being held in the position
to which they may be adjusted by means of the controller clamp.
The bearing
between the strap 7 and the eccentric F is divided, a cap i fitting under the
eccentric and being secured to the body of the strap by means of a single holding

page_text: screw on each side of the eccentric F; which screw passes through a hole of
slightly larger diameter in an ear on the body of the strap 7, and is tapped into the
Cap i.
A small space is left between the body of the cap and the body of the strap
which space with the slight play permitted at the holding screws, allows a certain
freedom of motion by which the cap and strap adjust themselves automatically to the
eccentric. This space also allows the cap to be drawn in by the holding screws k
to take up wear.
In the path of each holding screw k is a stop m formed by a screw
tapped into the cap i from the opposite side. By setting this stop m in the proper
position the holding screws k may be forced home or screwed in tight without clamping
the cap unduly against the eccentric. By adjusting the stops m in or out the size of
the bearing can be varied. If for any reason it is necessary to remove the cap, the
stops m (if undisturbed) insure the return of the cap to the position before occupied.
The bearing between the journal pin 8 and the eccentric strap 7 is made with a
cap n, which is held in place by the holding screws p one on each side of the journal
pin. These screws p are fixed at their lower ends in the strap 7, pass through holes
of slightly larger diameter in the cap and are engaged at their outer ends by
nuts which press upon the cap. Stops tapped through the nuts in line with the
holding screws p limit the extent to which the nuts q can be forced down over the said
screws. A small space is left between the cap n and the body of the strap 7 for giving
a certain freedom of motion to the cap and to allow adjustment and compensation for
wear. The stops can be screwed in or out to adjust the extent to which nuts q
can be screwed down.
The slotted arm 12 of the rock shaft Y, is provided with a cap piece s which forms
the bottom of the slot, and is secured by a single holding screw k at each end, which
screw passes through a hole of slightly larger diameter in the cap piece and is tapped
into the body of the lever arm, the amount of the insertion being limited by a stop m,
as before described for the holding screws (similarly lettered) for securing the
cap to the strap 7. A small space is left between the cap pieces and the body
of the arm 12.
In the slotted arm 12 is the divided box 11 for the journal pin 9.
The parts
of this box are of such size that a small space remains between the two parts
thereof when the screws of the cap pieces have been screwed home, and conse-
quently by adjusting the stops m, and setting up the screws and cap pieces wear
between the box 11 and the journal pin 9 is taken up as well as the wear between the
box 11 and the arm 12.
The holding screws for the caps i and n and the cap piece s, might of course fit
suugly the holes through which they pass and the bearings would still be adjustable
for wear, but it is preferred to have a loose fit at the holding screws so as to form
what may be called a floating" cap or cap piece, whose freedom of motion enables
the parts of the bearings to adjust themselves automatically to the eccentric, the journal
pin or other part enclosed, as herein before set forth.
«
The eccentric strap 7 (Figures VI and VII) is provided with a double or ventilated
oil hole t, the two branches (each of which forms or may form a vent to the other)
running obliquely through the strap from opposite sides and forming together a
V-shaped hole, in a plane parallel with the axis of shaft D, opening at the point
into the inside of the strap. The oil can be supplied through either branch.
The right hand bearing for the shaft D (Figures I and VIII) is provided with a
double or ventilated V-shaped oil hole t whose branches lie in a plane which crosses
the shaft D. Both branches open outside the frame A. Double or ventilated
V-shaped oil holes t are also provided for the left hand ends of the feed bar rock
shaft 116 (Figures I and IX), the needle carrier rock shaft Y (Figs. I and X) and
the take up rock shaft M (Figures I and XI), the-branches of the V lying in planes
parallel with the axes of the respective shafts and having their outer ends on opposite
sides of the frame A.
At the lower end of the upright lever ((Figures I, XII and XIII) a double or
ventilated V-shaped oil hole is formed with the outer ends of the branches opening

page_text: on opposite sides of the lever, and the lever is provided with conduits which conduct
any lubricant which may run down the lever into the oil hole to lubricate the stud on
which the lever turns.
The base B within whose raised border the main portion A of the frame sets, and
which receives any drippings from the machinery, is provided with a well w into which
the oil runs and a cup y set within said well.
The upper edge of the cup at y' is low enough for the oil to run into it from the
base B. Preferably the cup has a spout y₁ and handle y111 (see Figure XIV) and the
base B is provided with projections z which receive the spout between them when
the cup y is set in the well w.
l'arts of the invention may be used separately either in the before mentioned
patented machine or otherwise, they being applicable severally not only to sewing
machines in general, but to machinery in general employing mechanism for trans-
mitting movements therein.
Thus for example the new or improved arrangement of grooved cams with double.
friction rollers may be employed not only in machines of the type of the patented
machine and in other sewing machines, but in other machinery in general to
transmit movement to levers, to slides or to other organs; the improved bearings
can be applied to eccentrics, journals and similar devices in machinery generally
for sewing or for other purpose or purposes; and the improved friction rollers,
the improved or ventilated oil holes and the new or improved base are each applicable
to sewing and other machines in general, which employ mechanism for trans-
mitting movement therein.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The employment, in sewing and other machinery, in connection with a grooved
cam, of two rollers of différent diameters turning on a common axis in the cain
groove and bearing against opposite walls of said groove, the smaller roller being
of a diameter less than the width of said groove and being set at the bottom of
the groove and the wall of the cam groove against which said smaller roller bears being
cut away opposite the larger roller, substantially as described.
2. The employment of the double rollers of different diameter in the patented
machine referred to or other sewing machine having like parts, in connection with
the grooved cams for the looper, the threader and the take up, or with one or more
of said cams, substantially as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described
with reference thereto.
3. The employment in connection with a single acting or a grooved cam of a
friction roller or rollers turning on a stud, provided in one or in each face beyond
the shoulders of the roller with a lubricant chamber or groove closed toward
circumference and open towards the centre and adapted to supply lubricating oil to
said shoulder and stud when the machine stops, substantially as described.
4. The employment of friction rollers with lubricant chambers in one or both faces,
in the patented machine referred to or other sewing machine having like parts in
connection with the threader, looper, tension, extra pressure, and take up cams in said
machine or with one or more of said cams, substantially as illustrated in the
accompanying drawings and described with reference thereto:
5. A divided bearing for an eccentric, a journal pin, or other moveable device,
having the two parts of said bearing held together by a holding screw on each side of
said eccentric, journal pin or other device, and provided with an adjustable stop in
line with each holding screw, substantially as described.
6. A divided bearing whose two parts are held together by a single screw on each
side of the eccentric, journal pin, or other device moveable in the said bearing, and
provided with an adjustable stop in the line of each bolding screw, said screws fitting
in holes of somewhat larger diameter in one of said parts so as to allow an automatic

page_text: adjustment of the bearing to the enclosed eccentric, Journal pin or other device,
substantially as described."
7. A divided bearing having the parts held together by two holding screws on
opposite sides of the eccentric, the journal pin or other moveable device, said screws
passing loosely or snugly through holes in one of said parts and being tapped into the
other part, and the said bearing being provided with adjustable stops for said screws
tapped from the opposite side into said last mentioned part in line with the holding
screws, substantially as describod.
8. A divided bearing having the parts held together by two holding screws on
opposite sides of the eccentric, the journal pin or other moveable device, said screws
being fixed in one of said parts and passing loosely or snugly through holes in the
other part and being engaged by nuts which press upon said last mentioned part,
the said bearing being provided with adjustable stops tapped into said nuts in line
with the holding screws, substantially as described.
9. The divided bearing for the eccentric with adjustable stops, with or without
a floating cap, substantially as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and
described with reference thereto or as described with reference to any of the other
arrangements indicated.
10. The divided bearing for the journal pin in the eccentric strap said bearing
being provided with adjustable stops and being with or without a floating cap sub-
stantially as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described with reference
thereto or as described with reference to any other of the arrangements indicated.
11. The divided bearings for the journal pin and box at the lower end of the link,
with adjustable stops, with or without a floating cap piece, substantially as illustratod
in the accompanying drawings and described with reference thereto, or as described
with reference to any other of the arrangements indicated.
12. The employment, in the needle movement of the patented machine or a sub-
stantially similar needle movement, of the several divided bearings herein described
with adjustable stops with or without floating caps and cap piece, or of one or more
of said bearings, substantially as set forth.
13. The employment in sewing and other machinery of one or more of the improved
divided bearings with adjustable stops with or without floating caps or cap pieces
substantially as described.
14. The employment in the patented machine referred to and other sewing
machines, as well as in machinery in general employing mechanism for transmitting
movements therein, of the double or ventilated oil holes of a V or other suitable shape
substantially as described.
15. In the patented machine referred to and other sewing machinery as well as
machinery in general, the employment in moving parts thereof, such as an eccentric
strap or lever, of one or more of the double or ventilated V shaped oil holes arranged
as illustrated Figure VII or in Figure XII of the accompanying drawings and
described with reference thereto or otherwise suitably arranged.
16. In the patented machine referred to and other sewing machines as well as in
machinery in general, the employment in stationary bearings of one or more of the
double or ventilated V shaped oil holes, substantially as described.
17. In the patented machine referred to and other sewing machines as well as in
machinery in general, the employment of one or more double or ventilated V shaped
oil holes, arranged substantially as illustrated in Figure VIII of the accompanying
drawings and described with reference thereto.
18. In the patented machine referred to and other sewing machines as well as in
machinery in general, the employment of one or more double or ventilated V shaped
oil holes, arranged substantially as illustrated in Figures IX, X and XI of the
accompanying drawings and described with reference thereto.
19. In a lever or other moving part provided with a journal at the bottom of an
upright portion, the employment in connection with each other of a double or
ventilated V shaped oil hole and conduits for conducting the oil which may run
down said lever into said hole, substantially as described.

page_text: 20. The arrangement of V shaped oil holes and conduits substantially as illus
trated in Figures XII and XIII of the accompanying drawings and described with
reference thereto.
21. The employment in the patented machine referred to or other sewing machine
with like parts, of one or more of the double or ventilated oil holes, for lubricating
one or more of those bearings which are shown provided with such holes in the
accompanying drawings, substantially as described.
22. In combination with the main frame and moving parts carried thereby, the
base with raised border and central well and oil cup in said well, the base underlying
the said moving parts and receiving the said frame within its said border, substantially
as described.
23. The cup with handle and spout in combination with the base having a raised
border and a well to receive the cup, and being with or without the projections to
receive the spout between them, substantially as described.
-
24: The base and cup illustrated in the accompanying drawing in connection with
the patented machine, referred to substantially as described.