Improvements in the Construction of Bottles with the object of Preventing them being Fraudulently Refilled.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 11th May, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 9th Feb., 1898—Accepted, 12th Mar., 1898
Improvements in the Construction of Bottles with the object of
Preventing them being Fraudulently Refilled.
I, GEREMIA GIORDANO, of Turin, in the Kingdom of Italy, Captain of Artillery,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of bottles with the
object of preventing them being fraudulently refilled.
In one form of bottle constructed according to my invention the usual body
portion which may be of glass or other suitable material is provided with an
enlarged head or neck slightly flared or conical and having round the open-
ing a flat or other suitably shaped shoulder adapted to receive a loose
valve of glass or suitable material preferably of conical shape and hollow.
At its base is
an annular ledge which rests on the shoulder before
referred to, the construction being such that the valve will always
cover the opening though it has a considerable amount of side play permitted. On
the outer conical face of the valve are projections suitably spaced to preserve a
certain distance between the valve and a stop piece or cap which is placed over
same when the valve is thrown against such piece by the force of the liquid
leaving the bottle. This valve is preferably arranged so as to be of nearly the
same specific gravity as the liquid in order that it may float therein to obviate
the bottle being refilled when reversed by liquid under low pressure. The stop
piece or cap has a conical portion both as to its interior and exterior and acts as a
guide to the valve. It is provided with several openings so arranged as to be out
of line with the projections on the valve by which means a free passage of liquid
from the bottle is provided round the valve and through the stop cap. The latter
is also provided with a cylindrical or other suitable extension for the purpose of
preventing a wire or the like having free access to the openings in same in any
attempt to hold up the valve for the purpose of refilling.
Covering all the valve and stop cap is a stopper having a hollow chamber the
walls of which are shaped so as to hold the stop cap in place and having an opening
which may be closed by a cork or suitable stopper communicating with the passages
in the stop cap. To retain this stopper in the enlarged neck or head, recesses are
pressed or formed in the side of the latter with which correspond recesses in the
stopper and in the recesses thus facing each other is arranged a block which if
forced outwardly from the stopper recess by a spring will engage with the recess
in the neck and prevent the stopper being withdrawn after it is once put in place.
The bottle is filled in the first instance before the stopper, stop piece and valve are
put in place and the parts are so constructed and arranged that while free exit is
allowed for the liquid from the bottle the valve will close its opening by falling
or rising or sliding to its seat when the bottle is in its right position or inverted
or slanted as the case may be.
To enable the bottle to be used for other purposes the enlarged head or neck

page_text: "
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may have a rim or the like moulded on it above which it may be cut off if desired
so that the valve and parts may be removed.
In a modification the valve may be provided with a projection or ledge in place
of the upper projections and the stop cap may have its openings arranged differently
and with an elongation or slit above same while its end may be shaped so as to
enter the opening or passage of the stopper but yet allow a way for the liquid
around said end into the passage, the slit forming a continuation of the openings
of the stop cap allowing surplus water to run away and preventing the valve
adhering by suction to the inside of the stop.cap.
To admit of the necessary passage of the liquid and to prevent the rotation of
the stop cap slots are formed in the stopper communicating with the passage of
same with which slots the shaped head of the stop cap partly engages. The
arrangement is such that a wire or the like passed down the passage of the stopper
would if it got through the slot above mentioned strike against the face of the stop
cap where there are no openings so that it could not reach the valve.
In another modification 'the valve may be a hollow sphere of glass or the like
which seats on the shoulder of a circular or other suitably shaped chamber formed
in the neck of the bottle below the enlarged head or neck such sphere having
a long hollow stem connected to it by a contracted neck and passing into the bottle,
the body portion of which has a contracted part below the opening or valve seat
(but larger than the latter) which supports the stem of the valve and wide shoulders
so arranged that the end of the valve stem will not rest on same when the bottle
is tilted. Above the valve chamber is the stop cap suitably seated in the enlarged
head or neck and consisting of a piece having hit and miss openings arranged
out of line with each other both in vertical and horizontal walls so as to prevent
the passage of a wire or the like through same. This part may also have projections
or steps on same to hinder the passage of a wire. The spherical valve previously
mentioned should be of nearly the same specific gravity as the liquid so that
it will float therein through all of the valves above described may be made solid
and heavy if desired and its stem end should be arranged to be heavier than its
.head.
The stop above described limits the travel of the valve when the bottle is inverted,
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Chartered Patent Agent, London.
For the Applicant.
Improvements in the Construction of Bottles with the Object of
Preventing them being Fraudulently Refilled.
I,-GEREMIA GIORDANO, of Turin, in the Kingdom of Italy, Captain of Artillery,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and-by the following
statement:.
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of bottles with the
object of preventing them being fraudulently refilled.
To clearly explain the invention reference is made to the accompanying drawings
in which
Fig. 1 shews in section a safety bottle according to one form of the invention.
Fig. 2 shews the neck of the bottle in section and plan at right angles to its
position in Fig. 1.

page_text: recesses 6 are pressed or formed in the side of the latter with which correspond
recesses in the stopper and in the recesses thus facing each other is arranged a
block c which if forced outwardly from the stopper recess by a spring / will engage
with the recess in the neck and prevent the stopper being withdrawn after it is
once put in place. The bottle. is filled in the first instance before the stopper,
stop piece and valve are put in place and the parts are so constructed and arranged
that while free exit is allowed for the liquid from the bottle, the valve will close its
opening by falling or rising or sliding to its seat when the bottle is in its right
position or inverted or slanted as the case may be.
To enable the bottle to be used for other purposes the enlarged head or neck
may have a rim or the like d moulded on it above which it may be cut off if desired
so that the valve anu parts may be removed.
In the modification illustrated in Figures 10 to 13 the valve may be provided
with a projection or ledge h in place of the upper projections and the stop cap may
have its openings arranged differently and with an elongation or slit above
same while its end may be shaped so as to enter the opening or passage i of the
stopper but yet allow a way for the liquid around said end into the passage, the
slit forming a continuation of the openings of the stop cap allowing surplus liquid
to run away from inside the stop cap and preventing the valve adhering by suction
to the inside of the stop cap.
To admit of the necessary passage of the liquid and to prevent the rotation of the
stop cap slots are formed in the stopper communicating with the passage of
same with which slots the shaped head of the stop cap partly engages as will be
understood from reference to Figs. 10, 12 and 13. The arrangement is such that
a wire or the like passed down the passage i of the stopper would if it got through
the slot above mentioned strike against the face of the stop cap where there
are no openings so that it could not reach the valve.
In Figs. 14 and 20 the shoulder or valve seat is formed by
a separate and
removable piece B₁ surrounded by cork rubber or the like o. The top stopper ])
also in Fig. 14 carries a similar packing piece o and is held in place by an open
ended spring piece p. In Fig. 20 the top stopper D) does not extend to the top of
the bottle neck but is held therein by block e pressed outwardly by spring 1. The
direction of flow of liquids will be readily followed from the drawings and further
description is deemed unnecessary.
In another modification as illustrated in Figs. 21 to 27 the valve B may be a
hollow sphere of glass or the like which seats on the shoulder of a circular or other
suitably shaped chamber formed in the neck of the bottle below the enlarged head
or neck such sphere having a long hollow stem K connected to it by a contracted
neck and passing into the bottle the body portion of which bottle has a contracted
part m below the opening or valve seat (but larger than the latter) which will
support the stem of the valve but so arranged that the valve stem will not adhere
on same when the bottle is tilted. Above the valve chamber is the stop cap C
suitably seated in the enlarged head or neck and consisting of a piece having hit
and miss openings arranged out of line with each other both in vertical and
horizontal walls and as most clearly shown in Figs. 21, 23 and 24 so as to prevent
the passage of a wire or the like through same. This part may also have pro-
jections or steps on same to hinder the passage of a wire. The spherical valve
should be of nearly the same specific gravity as the liquid so that it will float
therein (though all of the valves above described may be made solid and heavy if
desired) and its stem end should be arranged to be heavier than its head.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In the construction of bottles providing within the neck a flat shoulder
or valve seat, a valve upon said seat, a stopper above and practically surrounding
the sides and top of the valve and a top stopper the opening in which is out of line

page_text: with the openings in the lower stopper substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
2. In the construction of bottles providing within the neck a valve seat adapted
to receive a ball valve carrying a hollow stem projecting into the bottle but pre-
vented from coming in close contact with the bottle side or lower neck by a
supplementary shoulder formed on the lower neck, a stopper above said valve
and a top stopper the opening through which is out of line with the openings
in the lower stopper substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. In the construction of bottles a lower stopper above a valve in the bottle
neck, a top stopper above the lower stopper and adapted to rest upon said lower
stopper and means for holding the top stopper in the bottle neck substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
4. The improved construction and combination of parts for preventing the
fraudulent refilling of bottles substantially as described and as illustrated in
Figs. 1 to 9 of the accompanying drawings.
5. The improved construction and combination of parts for preventing the
fraudulent refilling of bottles substantially as described and as illustrated in
Figs. 10 to 13 of the accompanying drawings.
6. The improved construction and combination of parts for preventing the
fraudulent refilling of bottles substantially as described and as illustrated in
Figs. 14 to 20 of the accompanying drawings.
7. The improved construction and combination of parts for preventing the
fraudulent refilling of bottles substantially as described and as illustrated in
Figs. 21 to 27 of the accompanying drawings.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.
For the Applicant.