Improvements in Machines for Cutting Metals.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 18th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 21st June, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Cutting Metals.
I, WILLIAM WILSON HULSE of the Ordsal Works Salford in the County of
ancaster Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
ollows:-
The work to be operated on may be planed both longitudinally and transversely
one and the same
nd may also be slotted either vertically or at angle, on
machine.
The machine embraces a bed to which the work is secured, two uprights (made
n parts securely fitted and jointed together when inconveniently large for being made
s single pieces) which traverse along the bed (one at either side) longitudinally, a
horizontal cross slide carried by the two uprights and moveable up and down them,
and one or more tool carriages (with swivelling and straight slides) which can be
traversed to and fro horizontally along the cross slide, and each or any of which may
be arranged for imparting a slotting action to the cutting tool or tools.
Longitudinal planing is effected by traversing the uprights to and fro along the bed,
and transverse planing by traversing the tool carriages to and fro along the cross
slide. For a large machine the bed may be made in parts securely fitted and jointed
together. The slide-ways for the uprights along the bed aro formed with wide
vertical and horizontal surfaces presenting the shape of an inverted ✓ in cross
section, each limb of the terminating with angular edges fitted with adjustable
strips. This form of slide-way enables the strains which are set up between the
uprights and the bed in doing heavy work to be withstood to better advantage than
is practicable with the forms commonly employed.
The bed is made with T grooves for facilitating the securing of the work thereto.
The two uprights are coupled together at the top by ono or more cross-stays, and
they are traversed simultaneously along the bed by twin screws working in half nuts
secured in the uprights.
The screws may be made with corrugated thrust bearings, and near each end they
may have plain cylindrical portions whose diameter does not excoed that of the
bottom of the screw threads, so that in the event of the uprights being allowed to
overrun the ordinary limits of their course the screws will become disengaged from
the nuts and injury to the machine be avoided. Sometimes these twin screws may
be driven through a cross driving shaft and bevel wheels, the cross shaft being
provided with two sets of strap pulleys of different diameters, for the purpose of
traversing the uprights at different rates of speed during the cutting and return
movements respectively. In other cases two driving shafts may be employed placed
longitudinally, and driving the screws through spur wheels. Each of the two driving
shafts carries a strap pulley driven by a corresponding open strap. One of the
shafts serves for producing the cutting traverse of the uprights, and the other for
A clutch arrangement is mounted on one
producing an accelerated return traverse.
of the shafts for causing the screws to be operated by the two shafts alternately, and
for enabling the action of the machine to be stopped when required. The clutch
may be worked to and fro automatically at the required intervals through mechanism
actuated by adjustable stops secured to a disc or cylinder which is driven slowly first
in one direction and then in the other, either from one of the shafts or traversing
screws of the machine or by independent driving gear. The tool carriages are
traversed along the cross slide (either for transverse planing or for applying cutting
feed when planing longitudinally) by twin transverse screws coupled by spur wheels.
The nuts on these screws are mounted in the carriages and are formed as worm
wheels which can be rotated upon the screws by hand through appropriate mechanism,

page_text: for the purpose of traversing the carriages independently of each other in order to
vary the spaces between them as may be required.
For applying horizontal cutting feed when planing longitudinally, the twin cross
slide screws may be actuated by the class of feed mechanism employed in the planing
machine described in the Specification of the Letters Patent No. 5664 of the
24th December 1881 granted to me for Improvements in Mechanism for Producing
Traverse for Cutting Feeds in Machinery for Cutting Metals. For rotating the twin
cross slide screws when planing transversely driving gear is employed fitted on top of
one of the uprights and comprising an arrangement of two pairs of bevel wheels of
different proportions each driven through a corresponding strap pulley, so as to
impart a slow cutting and quick return traverse to the tool carriages. Rotation is
transmitted from the driving gear to the screws through a vertical shaft carried by
the upright. The driving gear may be carried upon a bracket which can be swivelled
in a horizontal plane, so as to allow of the gear being driven either from a shaft
placed longitudinally with the machine or from one place transversoly to it.
each of the tool carriages which is arranged for slotting the work, a bevel wheel
formed as a nut is fitted on the slide screw of the carriage, and when rotated moves
the scrow and slide endwise. The bevel wheel is driven through a short longitudinal
shaft from a horizontal cross shaft mounted on the cross slide, and this cross shaft is
driven through bevel wheels by the vertical shaft which transmits rotation to the
twin cross slide screws for cross planing. The slotting performed either vortically
or at an angle according to the position of the swivelling slide of the tool carriage.
When the work is being either cross planed or slotted the uprights either remain
stationary or are moved intermittently for imparting cutting feed to the tools.
In
The reversing of the movements of the tools when cross planing and slotting may
be effected either by stop sliding rod and lever mechanism acting on a strap shifter,
or by similar mechanism to that already described for reversing the movements of
the tools when planing longitudinally. Sometimes when planing longitudinally the
reversing may be done through stop, sliding rod and lever mechanism, and when
the length of the sliding rods is so great as to make it desirable to use intermediate
bearings for their support, the rods may be made in parts connected together by
couplings having projecting pieces suitably formed for working in guides so as to
support the rods.
Except in the way of these projecting pieces the couplings are mado flush with
the rods, and the adjustable stops carried by the rods aro cut away so as not to have
their passage along the rods interfered with by the projecting pieces. Sometimes the
cross slide may be made (either in one piece or in parts) with two faces, having a set
of tool carriages mounted on each face, so that when planing longitudinally the tools
in one set of carriages will cut when the uprights are traversing in one direction, and
the tools in the other set when the uprights are traversing in the other direction.
In such cases the driving gear for traversing the uprights to and fro is arranged so
as to impart the same speed of traverse in both directions.
Dated this Eighteenth day of July 1889
H. C. CARVER,
Per L. W.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Cutting Metals.
I WILLIAM WILSON HULSE of the Ordsal Works Salford in the County of
Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:
The work to be operated on may be planed both longitudinally and transversely
and may also be slotted either vertically or at angle on
machine.
one and the same

page_text: The machine embraces a bed to which the work is secured, two uprights (made in
parts securely fitted and jointed together when inconveniently large for being made
s single pieces) which traverse along the bed (one at either side) longitudinally, a
horizontal cross slide carried by the two uprights and movable up and down them and
one or more tool carriages (with swivelling and straight slides) which can be traversed
to and fro horizontally along the cross slide and each or any of which may be
arranged for imparting a slotting action to the cutting tool or tools. Longitudinal
planing is effected by traversing the uprights to and fro along the bed, and transverse
planing by traversing the tool carriages to and fro along the cross slide. For a large
machine the bed may be made in parts securely fitted and jointed together. The
slide ways for the uprights along the bed are formed with wide vertical and horizontal
surfaces presenting the shape of an inverted Lin cross section, each limb of the L
terminating with angular edges fitted with adjustable strips. This form of slideway
enables the strains which are set up between the uprights and the bed in doing
heavy work to be withstood to better advantage than is practicable with the forms
commonly employed. The bed is made with T grooves for facilitating the securing
of the work thereto. The two uprights are coupled together at the topiby one or
more cross stays, and they are traversed simultaneously along the bed by twin
screws working in half nuts secured in the uprights. The screws may be made
with corrugated thrust bearings and near each end they may have plain cylindrical
portions whose diameter does not exceed that of the bottom of the screw threads,
so that, in the event of the uprights being allowed to overrun the ordinary limits
of their course the screws will become disengaged from the nuts and injury to the
machine be avoided. Sometimes these twin screws may be driven through a cross
driving shaft and bevel wheels, the cross shaft being provided with two sets of
strap pulleys of different diameters, for the purpose of traversing the uprights at
different rates of speed during the cutting and return movements respectively.
In other cases two driving shafts may be employed placed longitudinally, and
driving the screws through spur wheels. Each of the two driving shafts carries
a strap pulley driven by a corresponding open strap. One of the shafts serves
for producing the cutting traverse of the uprights; and the other for producing
an accelerated return traverse A clutch arrangement is mounted one one of the
shafts for causing the screws to be operated by the two shafts alternately and for
enabling the action of the machine to be stopped when required. The clutch may
be worked to and fro automatically at the required intervals through mechanism
actuated by adjustable stops secured to a disc or cylinder which is driven slowly first
in one direction and then in the other, either from one of the shafts or traversing
screws of the machine. The tool carriages are traversed along the cross slide (either
for transverse planing or for applying cutting freed when plañing longitudinally) by
twin transverse screws coupled by spur wheels. The nuts on these screws are mounted
in the carriages and are formed as worm wheels which can be rotated upon the screws
by hand through appropriate mechanism, for the purpose of traversing the carriages
independently of each other in order to vary the spaces between them as may be
required. For rotating the twin cross slide screws when pinning transversely driving
gear is employed fitted on top of one of the uprights and comprising an arrangement
of two pairs of bevel wheels of different proportions each driven through a corre-
sponding strap pulley, so as to impart a slow cutting and quick return traverse to the
tool carriages. Rotation is transmitted from the driving gear to the screws through
a vertical shaft carried by the upright. In each of the tool carriages which is
arranged for slotting the work, a bevel wheel formed as a nut is fitted on the slide
screw of the carriage, and when rotated moves the screw and slide endwise. The
bevel wheel is driven through a short longitudinal shaft from a horizontal cross shaft
mounted on the cross slide and this cross shaft is driven through bevel wheels by the
vertical shaft which transmits rotation to the twin cross slide screws for cross planing.
The slotting is performed either vertically or at an angle according to the position of
the swivelling slide of the tool carriage. When the work is being either cross planei
or slotted the uprights either remain stationary or are moved intermittently for

page_text: imparting cutting feed to the tools. The reversing of the movements of the tools
when cross planing and slotting may be effected by similar mechanisin to that already
described for reversing the movements of the tools when planing longitudinally.
Sometimes when planing longitudinally the reversing may be done through stop,
sliding rod and lever mechanism, and when the longth of the sliding rods is so great
as to make it desirable to use intermediate bearings for their support, the rods may be
made in parts connected together by couplings having projecting pieces suitably
formed for working in guides so as to support the rods. Except in the way of these
projecting pieces the couplings are made flush with the rods, and the adjustable stops
carried by the rods are cut away so as not to have their passage along the rods
interfered with by the projecting pieces. Sometimes the cross slide may be made
(either in one piece or in parts) with two faces, having a set of tool carriages mounted
on each face, so that when planing longitudinally the tools in one set of carriages will
cut when the uprights are traversing in one direction and the tools in the other set
when the uprights are traversing in the other direction. In such cases the driving
gear for traversing the uprights to and fro is arranged so as to impart the same speed
of traverse in both directions.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. A is a front elevation, and Figs. B, C, are two
slide elevations (one at either side) of a machine constructed in accordance with the
present improvements. In these views 1 is the bed of the machine to which the
work is secured with the aid of T grooves, 2, 3, are the two uprights which traverse
simultaneously along the bed longitudinally, one at either side, the slide ways being
formed with wide vertical and horizontal surfaces presenting the shape of an
inverted in cross section, and each limb of each L terminating with an angular
edge fitted with an adjustable strip. The arrangement of these slide ways is shown
clearly in Fig. D which is cross section showing a part of the bed and of one upright.
The uprights are coupled together at the top by a cross stay 15. 4 is the cross slide
carried by and moveable vertically by screws 39, 40 as shown along the two uprights
and fitted with two horizontally traversing carriages 5, 6, having straight slides 7, 8,
respectively which are traversible vertically up and down in guides in the carriages
by means of the respective screws 9, 10 which are mounted in the slides. 11, 12 are
twin screws which work in half nuts (one of which is shown at 16 in Fig. D), for
traversing the uprights 2, 3, along the bed, the half nuts being secured to the uprights
and 13, 14 are twin screws for traversing the carriages 5, 6 along the cross slide.
The end thrust of the screws 11, 12 is taken by corrugated bearings, one of which is
shown at 17 in Fig. C; and, as shown in the same Figure there is (for the purpose
already described) at either end of the threaded part of these screws a plain cylindrical
part whose diameter does not exceed that of the bottom of the screw threads.
18 (Fig. C) is a cross driving shaft, fitted with two sets of driving pulleys of different
diameters for fast and slow speeds. This shaft drives another cross shaft 19 (through
spur wheels 20 21) fitted with two bevel wheels 22, 23, gearing with bevel
wheels 24, 25, in the screws 11, 12 respectively. The twin cross slide screws 13, 14
work in nuts mounted in the carriages and formed as worm wheels 26, 27, as
shown in Fig. G referred to later on. Each carriage is fitted with a vertical
spindle (the lower end of which is shown at 28) carrying two worms gearing with
the respective worm wheel nuts of the carriage. Handles are applied to the lower
ends of these spindles to operate them for the purpose of traversing the carriages
along the cross slide by hand. The reversals in the traversing action of the
uprights are effected through sliding rod, adjustable stop, and lever mechanism of
the type commonly employed in planing machines and shown in Fig. A. The
actuating stops are adjustable along, and secured to the upright 3 and the sliding
rod 44 when of such length as to make it desirable to use intermediate bearings
for its support may be made in parts connected by couplings having projecting
pieces suitably formed for working in guides in order to give the requisite support
to the rods. This arrangement is more clearly shown in the enlarged Figs. E, F.
45 is the coupling, having a projecting piece, as shewn working in a guide as
shewn which can be secured to the bed of the machine; 44, 44¹ are two parts of

page_text: the sliding rod connected to the coupling 45 by the respective dowel pins or
studs 46, 46' and by transverse pins passing through these and the two parts of
the sliding rod as shewn. It will be seen except for the projecting piece already
described the coupling is flush with the sliding rod. 47 is one of the adjustable
stops on 44 formed open underneath as shown clearly in Fig. E, so that it can
slide along and past the coupling. 74 is a mitre wheel secured on a shaft carried
in the upright and operated to and fro on its own axis by the action of adjustable
stops on a lover as shown on the shaft which carries the wheel. 75 is another mitre
wheel gearing with 74 and operating the vertical shaft 76 intermittently in one
direction only through a pawl in connection with it, which acts on a ratchet
wheel 77 secured upon the shaft 76. A short transverse shaft 78 is carried in
the cross slide 4 and driven through bevel wheels by the upright shaft 76. 79 is
wheel on shaft 78 gearing into a similar wheel 80 on a short
a friction clutch sp secured upon it a spur wheel 81 gearing into two spur
shaft which also
wheels 82, 83 on the two screws 13, 14. 89 is a sliding spur wheel on the right
hand end of a cross shaft 87 (extending the whole length of the cross slide 4)
and it can be moved in or out of gear with the wheel 80. When 89 is out of
gear with SO and the clutches of the wheels 79, 8, are both in gear the inter-
mittent rotations of the shaft 76 impart transverse cutting feed traverse to the
carriages 7, 8; and when 89 is in gear with 80, the clutch of wheel 80 out of
gear and that of wheel 79 in gear the cross shaft 87 is intermittently rotated so
as to impart cutting feed traverse to one o both of the straight slides 7, 8,
in either a vertical or an angular direction according to the position of the
swivelling slide or slides which carry it or them. The mechanism for transmitting
the cutting feed action from the shaft 87 to the slide 8 is shown in Figs. A. C,
and it is similar for the slide 7. It will be seen that on the shaft S7 is a clutch 90
engageable with a mitre wheel (on the same shaft) which gears with another
mitre (on a short longitudinal shaft) whence connection is made with the screw 10
through another pair of mitro wheels, the mitre on the screw being formed as a
nut, so that the screw and the slide 8 in which it is mounted are traversed
together. 29 is a bracket secured on top of the upright 2 and carrying driving
gear for actuating the twin screws 13, 14, when planing transversely. This driving
gear embraces a set of three strap pulleys (two fast and one loose) 30, one of the
fast pulleys is secured upon a solid horizontal driving shaft 31, and the other upon
a hollow driving shaft 32 fitting over shaft 31. The two shafts 31, 32 are fitted
respectively with two hovel wheels 33, 34, which gear into and form pairs with
two other respective bevel wheels both secured upon the upper end of a vertical
shaft 35, only that one which gears with 33 being visible in the drawings. The
ratios of these two pairs of bevel wheels are different, and the two wheels 33, 34
face each other and are at opposite sides of the shaft 35, so that, according as the
shaft 35 is driven through one or other of the two pairs of wheels it rotates
relatively faster or slower, and either in one direction or the other. 84 is a short
cross shaft carried by the cross slide 4 and driven by shaft 35, through mitre
wheels; a spur wheel 91 (shown in Fig. B) is mounted on a feather key in this
shaft and can be put in or out of gear with either of the spur wheels 85, 86, the
first of which is keyed to and the other mounted loose upon the cross shaft 87.
The wheel 86 is in gear with two wheels 88, 88, secured respectively on the
cross slide screws 13, 14. For slotting, the wheel 91 is put in gear with 85
so as to operate the cross shaft 87, and through it either or both of the
slides 7, 8, by mechanism already described. For cross planing the wheel 91 is
put in gear with S6 so as to operate the twin screws 13, 14 and thus traverse
the carriages 5, 6. The reversals of the traversing actions and also the cutting feed
movements when either slotting or cross planing are effected through similar
mechanism to that described for a like purpose in the Specification of the Letters
Patent No. 14042 dated 17th November 1885 for " Improvements in Planing
Machines," 92 being the spirally grooved cylinder fitted with adjustable stops, and
93 the upright shaft. This shaft also transmits vertical cutting feed traverse to the

page_text: slides 7, 8, when cross planing and transverse cutting feed traverse to the carriages 5, 6,
when slotting through mechanism similar to that described in the said Specification
of 17th November 1885. In this mechanism 94 is the ratchet wheel and it is applied
either to the cross shaft 87 or screw 14 according as it is required to produce either a
vertical or a transverse traverse. 95 is a trunnion box mounted on the upright 2, and
having inside it a spring which acts on a plunger connected by a knuckle joint to a
lever secured on the upright shaft 93. This device assists the reversing actions
by forcing the upright shaft 93 to the full limit of its movement in either direction in
a manner which is well understood.
Longitudinal cutting feed traverse is applied by intermittently rotating the twin
screws 11, 12, (and thus traversing the uprights 2, 3,) by means of ratchet wheels 96,
97 mounted loose thereon and engageable therewith by clutches as shown in Fig. C.
The pawls are carried on levers coupled together as shown in Fig. A, and are operated
by a lever 98, secured upon a horizontal shaft forming part of the reversing
mechanism. The cross slide 4 is lifted and lowered by rotating a cross shaft 36
mounted at the top of the uprights 2, 3, and provided at each end with a worm
gearing into respective worm wheels 37, 38, fixed on the cross slide lifting screws 39, 40.
The cross shaft 36 is driven through bevel wheels as shown at 41, and strap
pulleys 42, 43, the latter pulley being secured on shaft 3.1. A strap is shipped on to
these pulleys when it is required to lift or lower the cross slide and at other times it is
kept unshipped therefrom. The uprights 2, 3, are each made in two parts securely
bolted together; the joint being made horizontally just above the slide ways of
the uprights as shown. The slides 7, 8 are mounted on swivelling fiddle backs in the
manner usual in planing machines so that the slides can be set to any required angle
when planing or slotting.
Fig. G is a front elevation, and Figs. H, K are two side clevations (one at either
side) of a machine embracing various modifications of that already described. The
cross slide 4 is made with two faces having a pair of tool carriages on each face for the
purpose already described, and each pair being operated from one vertical shaft 35 in
a manner similar to that described with reference to the pair shown in Figs. A, B, C.
The solid and hollow shafts mounted at the top of the upright 2 are set transversely to
the machine instead of longitudinally as in Figs. A, B; and the cross shaft 36 for
lifting and lowering the cross slide is driven through spur wheels 99, 100, the latter
being mounted on shaft 36 so that it can be moved in or out of gear with the former
as required. The uprights are formed as shown in the drawings, cach having an
upright gap the sides of which serve as guides for the cross slide; they are tied
iogether at the top by two cross stays as shown. Two shafts 48, 49 placed longitu-
dinally are employed for driving the twin screws 11, 12 to traverse the uprights.
Each of these shafts carries a respective driving pulley 50, 51, each driven by an
open strap. On the shaft 48 is a spur wheel 52 gearing with spur wheel 53 (of
the same diameter) on shaft 49. On the shaft 48 there is a second spur wheel 54,
gearing into two intermediate spur wheels 55, 56, secured respectively on two
longitudinal shafts 57, 58, and transmitting rotation to respective spur wheels 59, 60
keyed on the twin screws 11, 12. The spur wheel 52 and pulley 50 are mounted
loose on the shaft 48 and are formed with friction clutch boxes, with which a sliding
friction clutch 61, situated between them on a feather key engages alternately when
planing longitudinally, so that the twin screws are driven alternately by the two
pulleys 50, 51 and are thus rotated first in one direction and then in the other. The
clutch is actuated through a clutch fork 62, lever 63, slide bar 64 and weighted
lever 65 as shown. The slide bar 64 is traversed to and fro at the required intervals
by adjustable stops 66, 67 secured to an oscillating disc 68 and acting through
levers 69, 70 and a connecting rod not shown in the drawings. The disc C8 is
operated by a worm 71 on shaft 57 and worm wheel 72. As each of the adjustable
stops 66, 67 comes in contact with the lever 69 the action of the machine and with it
that of the disc 68 is reversed. In this machine each of the uprights 2, 3 is made in
one piece and the screws for operating the slides 7, 8, are mounted in the fiddle backs
and the mitre wheels on the screws, are keyed fast to them and rotate them within

page_text: nuts fixed in the slides. This arrangement is shown in the drawing of the carriage 5,
Fig. G. The driving gear for traversing the uprights 2, 3, is shown so arranged
as to impart the same rate of traverse in each direction, the machine being designed
for cutting in both directions. If however the same kind of driving gear were
applied to a machine cutting in one direction only, as illustrated in Figs. A, B, C,
the return traverse would be effected through the strap pulley 51 and the wheel 53
would be made larger in diameter than 52 in order to produce an accelerated traverse
in this direction. Each of the wheels 59, 60 is provided with a clutch, one of which
is shown in Fig. K for enabling the twin screws to be disconnected from the driving
gear when it is required to impart cutting feed traverse to the uprights in cross
planing or slotting. In the mechanism for applying cutting feed when planing
longitudinally the wheel 79 gears directly with these on the cross shafts 87 as shown
in Fig. K and the latter wheels are in gear respectively with those on the corresponding
cross slide screws. The wheels on these screws and the cross shafts are mounted
loose and are each provided with clutches as shown in Fig. G which can be put in or
out of gear as required for applying either transverse or vertical cutting feed, or for
arresting these feeds.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The general arrangement of a machine for planing metals longitudinally and
transversely and for slotting them vertically and diagonally substantially as shown in
Figs. A, B, C, D, E, F and described.
2. The general arrangement of a machine for planing metals longitudinally and
transversely and for slotting them vertically and diagonally substantially as shown in
Figs. G, H, K, D, E, F and described.
3. In machines for planing metals with traversing uprights the arrangement of
slide ways for the uprights substantially as shown and described.
1. In machines for planing metals constructing slide rods for actuating the reversing
and cutting feed mechanism in two or more parts connected together by couplings
working in guides substantially as shown and described.
Dated this 17th day of April 1890.
HY. C. CARVER,
Agent for Applicant.