IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING MACHINERY
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Moss Howson, of Drighlington near Bradford
in the County of York, Worsted Spinner for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SPINNING MACHINERY
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Moss Howson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st March 1882.
JAMES Moss Howson, of Drighlington near Bradford, in the County of York
Worsted Spinner IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING MACHINERY
This invention has for its object the adaption of the present frames used for
spinning long stapled fibre, to the spinning of short stapled fibre and the better
spinning of long stapled fibre.
I accomplish the above object by the adjustment of the draughting part of a
frame in such a manner as to bring the thread which is being spun into direct line
with the vertical spindle. I can practically accomplish this in two ways: the first
is to fix the ordinary roving and draughting rollers so that the thread is passed
vertically to the spindle which is also vertical: the second is to throw over the
draughting rollers from their present or ordinary inclination slightly towards the
vertical, that is, at some angle between the present or ordinary position and the
vertical above referred to. In order to bring the thread being spun into a direct
line with the vertical spindle, I affix a roller in front of the bottom front roller in
such a position as to give a straight line from the contact of the circumferences: by
either of these means I am enabled to spin, say, wool of shorter staple, commonly
called Botany, in contradistinction to wool of longer staple grown in the British
Empire with frames constructed for the spinning of long wool only.
These improvements have also the effect of spinning the long wool more evenly
and smoother consequently giving a better spin.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Moss Howson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th September 1882.
JAMES Moss Howson, of Drighlington near Bradford in the County of York,
Worsted Spinner IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING MACHINERY
This invention has for its object the adaption of the frames now generally used
for spinning long stapled fibre, to the spinning of short stapled fibre, and for the
better spinning of long stapled fibre, and consists in the arrangement of the
draughting part of the machine, so that the thread or yarn that is being spun is
brought into direct line from the nip of the rollers with the vertical spindles, which
may be accomplished by either of the two methods hereafter explained.
The first method is carried into effect by fixing the supports carrying the
draughting rollers in a vertical position above the spindles, so that the fibre to be
spun is delivered by the front rollers in a direct line with the vertical spindles.
The means I employ for carrying the second method into effect, is by keeping the
draughting rollers at an angle, and by mounting a roller in front of each of what
are usually termed the bottom front rollers, in such a position, that a straight line
drawn from the centre of the spindles would pass through the point of contact
between the nip of the bottom roller and the additional roller.
In order to make my invention better understood, I will proceed to describe the
same by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents the
transverse sectional elevation of a spinning frame, one side of which is shewn fitted
with the draughting rollers vertical, and the other side at an angle. Figure 2 is a
side elevation of the bracket or saddle for supporting the draughting rollers when
in a vertical position. Figure 3 is a side elevation of the brackets I use for
supporting the additional rollers in front of the bottom roller, and Figure 4 is a
plan of the last named bracket.
The drawing shews the machine fitted with caps, but I wish it to be distinctly
understood that my invention is applicable to fly or ring spinning machines, and also
to roving machines; the draughting rollers in each case being arranged in the same
manner as shewn by the drawing and hereafter described.
The spindles A are mounted vertical in the ordinary manner, and fitted with
caps B. The bobbins on the spindles are driven in the usual manner, and the lifter
plate C is connected with the lifting or traversing mechanism in precisely the same
manner, as in machines of ordinary construction.
In carrying out my invention, according to one method, I mount the saddles D
in a vertical direction, so that the parts of the peripheries of the front rollers E
and E' at the point F where they come together, are perpendicular above the centre
of the spindles A. These rollers are mounted in suitable bearings and receive
motion by means of spur gearing, as is the case when the draughting rollers are
placed at an angle.
In order that the carriers G may press the fibre to the bottom carriers G', the
brackets supporting the carriers G are formed with a plate H inclining towards
the carriers G¹, the axles of the carriers G resting upon the inclined plates,
ensures the carriers being in contact with the fibre passing between them, or, in
addition to the above, springs may be employed for keeping the carriers in contact
with the fibre.
9
By mounting the rollers in the manner described, they can be brought nearer the
top of the spindles, and can therefore spin shorter stapled fibre: the fibre being

page_text: twisted as soon as it is delivered by the rollers, reduces the liability of the yarn
to break whilst being spun, thereby producing a better yarn.
When the draughting rollers are mounted at an angle, in front of each roller E,
I place an additional roller J in such a position, that a straight line drawn from
the centre of the spindle, would pass through the point of contact between the nip
of the roller E and the additional roller J, for the purpose as herein described.
These rollers J are supported by the brackets K, the top edge of which inclines
towards the bottom rollers E in order to ensure the additional rollers J being in
contact with the bottom rollers E; or the rollers J may be supported by springs S
attached to the longitudinal rail R. The springs when in their normal position
are near the rollers E, but when brought from the said rollers and the rollers, J
placed between them in the position shewn by Figure 5, the springs press the
rollers J. to the rollers E, and thereby nip the fibre between them. The front
rollers and carriers are driven by spur gearing in the same manner as ordinary
frames, and as soon as the fibre is delivered by the rollers E and J it is twisted,
thus reducing the liability of the yarn breaking whilst being spun, thereby
producing a smoother and more even yarn than is the case when the fibre has to
pass through guides and the rollers placed in the ordinary position.
I am aware that by an alteration of the angle, at which the spindles are
ordinarily placed, that the thread has previously been brought into direct line
with the nip of the draughting rollers and the spindles, but this has necessitated a
somewhat complicated alteration of and addition to the mechanism whereby the
lifter plate is connected with the ordinary traversing motion.
What I claim as my invention is:
The mounting of the saddles D in a vertical direction so that the parts of the
peripheries of the front rollers E and E' at the point where they come together
are perpendicular above the centre of the spindles A working in combination with
the plate H substantially in the manner and for the purpose as described and as
illustrated by the accompanying drawings
The additional roller J substantially for the purpose in the manner and as described
and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings
In Witness whereof, I the said James Moss Howson have hereunto set my
hand and seal this eleventh day of September in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
144
J. M. HOWSON (L.S.)