AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CARDING Tow."
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George White, of 68, Queen Street, Cheapside,
in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CARDING Tow."-A communication from
abroad by Messieurs John Clay, James Leslie, and Emile Demulder,
of Ghent, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Machine Makers.
Sealed the 22nd October 1869, and dated the 26th April 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George White at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th April 1869.
I, GEORGE WHITE, of 68, Queen Street, Cheapside, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CARDING Tow," a communication
from abroad by Messieurs John Clay, James Leslie, and Emile

page_text: Demulder, of Ghent, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Machine Makers,
to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to an improved apparatus for carding tow,
shown in side elevation view in the annexed Drawing.
The apparatus consists of a suitable frame provided with a feeding
table for carrying the tow between two pairs of drawing rollers A, A,
and A', A', situate and arranged for procuring a partial drawing of the
tow, which these rollers deliver to the main carding roller B, which
latter in this apparatus replaces and is of a much smaller diameter than
the carding drum hitherto made use of in tow carding engines. C are
the ordinary rollers of tin plate; D is a doffer which receives the tow
from the main carding roller B; E, E, E, are the ordinary carding rollers
called strippers and workers; and F, F, two doffers, from each of which
the tow is removed in a web by the doffing plates or combs f, f, which
webs are then formed into slubs or rovings and delivered from the engine
by the common well known means. This combination of the rollers
is such as to prevent effectually any non-carded tow mixing with that
already carded.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George White in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 26th October 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRÉSENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
WHITE, of 68, Queen Street, Cheapside, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George White, Her special licence
that I, the said George White, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said George White, my 'executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,

page_text: should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Ohannel Islands;
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CARDING
Tow," a communication to me from abroad by Messieurs John Clay,
James Leslie, and Emile Demulder, of Ghent, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Machine Makers, upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said George White, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George White, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The Invention relates to an improved apparatus for carding tow, and
the said apparatus is represented in longitudinal side elevation view in
the annexed Drawing, various parts being shown in dotted lines, and
the gearing for transmitting motion to the rollers or carding cylinders.
and other moveable parts indicated by red lines.
One of the principal features of the apparatus consists in the size of
the main carding roller, which in this apparatus replaces the large
carding drum hitherto made use of in tow carding engines, and which
main carding roller in this improved apparatus is of a much smaller
diameter than the just-mentioned carding drum of ordinary tow carding
engines.
.Another important part of the Invention consists in the use of two
pairs of feed rollers, which deliver the material to the main carding roller,
and at the same time act as drawing or stretching rollers on the tow
before this latter reaches the said main carding roller.
Another conspicuous feature of this improved apparatus in its general-
arrangement and combination of parts, which is much more simple than
that of the tow carding engines hitherto in use, and which arrangement
is such as to effectually prevent any material which might not have been
sufficiently carded from mixing with the carded tow, and which arrange,

page_text: ment offers not only a great economy in its general construction, but
also requires less motive power and less oiling and cleaning, though
producing an article generally superior. in quality to that obtained by
the use of the engines of the same class hitherto employed.
The apparatus consists of a frame of any suitable construction provided
with bearings for the various carding rollers to work into. Z is a feeding
table, apron, or endless cloth for carrying the tow to be carded between
two pairs of rollers A, A, and A', A', the upper roller of each pair of
which is pressed upon the lower one by a lever arm Y and counter-
weight Y or suitable means; B represents the main carding roller,
shown in dotted lines, the arbor B' of which roller revolves in
bearings B. As may be observed from the Drawing the main carding
roller B is of much smaller diameter comparatively to the other working
parts than the carding drum of ordinary tow carding engines. C, C,
C, C, are the ordinary tin plate rollers acting in contact with the carding
roller B; D is a doffer, shown also by dotted lines, and whose arbor D'
turns in bearings D. The tow is taken off from the main carding roller B
by the doffer D, and from this latter by the stripper E, and passes suc-
cessively by the workers E¹ & E to the doffers F & F, from which the
carded material is removed in two webs, by the doffing plates or coombs
G, G, which webs are then formed into slubs or rovings and delivered
from the engine by the ordinary well known means. Any of the well
known mechanical means may be adopted for transmitting motion to the
various working rollers and for setting these latter at the required
distances apart..
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the mode in
putting the same into effect, I wish to add that I do not intend to
restrict or limit myself to the precise details of what has been above
described, as many variations may be made therefrom without materially
departing from the main principles of the Invention; but what I
consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
1ly. Making use in tow carding engines of two or more pairs of
drawing or stretching rollers for drawing or stretching the tow previous
to its reaching the main carding roller, and for delivering the said tow
to this latter.

page_text: 2ly. The comparatively small size of the main carding roller.
3ly. The general arrangement and combination of parts of the tow
carding engine above described and illustrated in the Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said George White, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.