A SIMPLIFIED AND ECONOMICAL STEAM ENGINE, WHICH ENGINE MAY BE USED FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1835

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSHUA
TAYLOR BEALE, of No. 11, Church Lane, Whitechapel, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-seventh day of February, in the fifth year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Joshua Taylor Beale, His especial licence that I, the said Joshua
Taylor Beale, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Joshua Taylor Beale, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England and Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and
also within all His Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention
of A SIMPLIFIED AND ECONOMICAL STEAM ENGINE, WHICH ENGINE MAY BE USED
FOR OTHER PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said Joshua Taylor Beale, by an instrument under my hand
and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the
same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more
fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joshua Taylor Beale, do hereby declare that the nature of my Invention con-
sists of a new combination or arrangement of the various parts of a rotatory

page_text: steam engine, whereby either the steam cylinder is caused to rotate upon a
fixed hollow axis, or the axis and piston to revolve, the cylinder being
stationary, which hollow axis serves for an induction way as well as an educ-
tion way for the steam, as will be fully set forth hereafter.
Fig. 1 is the cylinder, with one end off to shew the internal construction.
Fig. 2 is a section of the axis, shewing the form of the induction pipe A and
eduction pipe B. C1, C2, C3, Fig. 1, is the piston, the curved part of
which, C1, is firmly fixed to the axis by screws (see dotted lines). The rest
of the pieces, C 2 and C 3, are secured, and allowed to have sufficient freedom,
as shown in the diagrams of those parts of the engine (see Figs. 3 and 4)
respectively. The three pieces C 2 are kept out by the pressure of the steam
against their thicker edge, and the two pieces C 3 are kept out by a spring D
against the inside ends of the cylinder, for the purpose of rendering the piston
sufficiently steam-tight. E, E, Fig. 3, are screws for securing the two pieces
C 3, but at the same time to give them sufficient play towards each end of
the cylinder. D1 and D2 in Fig. 1 and 5 are the slides, which are faced
and ground to fit in the spaces F, F, on three parts, and also fitted to the
axis upon the lower outside edge, that is to say, the edge farthest from the
angular face of the piston C1, C2, C 3. The slides are thicker at the ends
on the side next the piston, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 5, to allow
the steam to pass from the spaces F, F, into the cylinder. F, F, Fig. 1, are
spaces into which the slides D 1 and D 2 slide, which are made trúc by being
faced in a lathe or by a planing machine. The slips marked I, I, are made
to a metallic fit by vicing, turning, planing, or grinding, and secured by
screws and steady pins which are taper and accurately fitted, as shown
by the dotted lines. Fig. 6 and 7 represent the engine when the cylinder
revolves, to which may be attached a cog wheel or rigger. B, B, Fig. 6 and 7,
are parts of a steam pipe joined to the axis, to which it is secured by the
flanges G, G, in Fig. 7 and 8. The flanges H, H, H, are of the ordinary
kind. D, D, Fig. 6 and 7, are the carriages to support the engine, and to
allow the projecting parts of the ends of the cylinder, as shown by the dotted
lines in Fig. 7, to fit and revolve therein. These carriages are made in two
pieces, for the convenience of taking the engine to pieces at any time. If not
so made there might be great difficulty in so doing, in case of rust. E, E,
Fig. 6 and 7, screw bolts with nuts for securing the carriages. I, I; Fig. 6
and 7, are the grooves for the slides shown in the ends of the cylinder.
Those grooves must be made true, so that the slides may fit on their face
sides, that is to say, the sides opposite the face of the piston. These grooves
are made true by a planing machine or by hand. Fig. 9 exhibits the mode
of applying the steam, which, passing into the axis through the induction pipe
'

page_text: A, Fig. 2, communicates with the cylinder by means of the passages made in
one of the ends of it, as shown by the dotted lines, which passages alternately
supply the steam as the cylinder revolves.
Having now described the construction of the various parts of a steam
engine in which the axis is fixed and the cylinder revolves, according to my
Invention, I will explain the manner of its action; in doing which I will
suppose the steam to be coming from a steam boiler by the induction pipe A,
Fig. 2, which forms part of the axis, and suppose the steam to fill the space G,
Fig. 1, of the cylinder, bounded by a portion of the axis, the face of the piston,
and the slide D 2. It is clear that the slide D 1 nearest the piston would,
as the cylinder revolves in the direction of the arrow, slide down the inclined
surface of the piston by the force of the steam and its own gravity, and
thereby come in contact with the axis. When the cylinder is in motion every
part would then move forward in the direction of the arrow, with the excep-
tion of the axis and the piston and what I call the carriages, which must be
bolted down to any material, such as suitable metal, stone, or wood, sucli
carriages being so fixed to the axis by an ordinary key that it cannot turn
round when the carriages are fixed to a proper base. When the lower slide
D2 passes the eduction pipe B, the steam in that part of the cylinder will
blow into the open air when used as a high-pressure engine, and into the
condenser when used as an expansive and condensing engine. It is obvious
that when the edge of the slide D 2 passes the eduction pipe there will be
nothing to support it, and that it will then slide into the recess F by its own
gravity and the centrifugal force, and when it reaches the highest point of the
piston it will again be brought into action by the force of steam and its
own gravity, as before stated.
Having now described that part of my Invention which relates to the
engine, of which the cylinder revolves and the axis is stationary, I proceed to
describe that other part which consists of a fixed cylinder and a revolving axis;
and as the details in general have been already sufficiently elucidated in the
Drawings and description I have given of the first part of my Invention, I
only add such further Drawing and description as is necessary to point out in
what way the axis may be made to revolve while the cylinder remains
stationary. Fig. 10 represents this engine working on the condensing prin-
ciple, with one end off, in which the cylinder is supposed to be stationary and
the axis to revolve. The slides D 1 and D 2 are respectively connected, by
hollow piston rods, passing through stuffing boxes to the pistons P 1 and P 2,
which work in two small cylinders, A 1 and A. 2, placed in a line with the
centre, each of which has one end open to the atmosphere. The pistons P 1
and P 2 reciprocate in the cylinders by the joint action of the steam and the

page_text: vacuum, thereby alternately causing the slides to which they are respectively
connected to come into action and to be withdrawn from it, such alternate
motion being necessary in order to enable the piston of the engine to pass
them. The steam is enabled to pass the slides, and through the hollow piston
rods, so as to get between the end of the cylinders A 1 and A 2 and the pistons
P1 and P 2, and bring the slides into action in consequence of a space left
in the slides, as shewn by the dotted lines, and the communication with the
vacuum in the cylinder is kept up by the same passages, which, together with
the pressure of the atmosphere upon the opposite sides of the pistons, with-
draw the slides alternately, as above stated. In this engine it will be per-
ceived that the induction of the steam is simply through the axis as shewn by
the arrow. I have not shewn any condensing apparatus, as they are well
understood; neither have I shewn the connection of the steam pipes with the
induction or eduction pipes, as they must be made either with metallic fits or
on the stuffing-box principle, which are so well understood that I have thought
it unnecessary to describe them here. The handles which are connected with
the piston rods are for the purpose of blowing through the engine previous to
starting it.
Having thus described a new combination of the various parts of a rotatory
steam engine, I claim the united combination of those parts as my Invention;
and such my Invention being, to the best of my knowledge and belief, entirely
new and never before used within that part of His Majesty's United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland called England, His said Dominion of Wales,
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and His said Colonies and Plantations
abroad, I do hereby declare this to be my Specification of the same, and that
I do verily believe this my said Specification doth comply in all respects, fully
and without reserve or disguise, with the proviso in the said herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent contained, wherefore I hereby claim to maintain
exclusive right and privilege to my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joshua Taylor Beale, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-sixth day of August, One thousand
eight hundred and thirty-five.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-seventh day of August,
in the year of our Lord 1835, the aforesaid Joshua Taylor Beale came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-seventh day of August, in the year of our Lord One