IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING HEAT BY GAS AND AIR, AP- PLICABLE TO STOVES AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Thompson and George Maw, both of Sheffield, in
the West Riding of the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING HEAT BY GAS AND AIR, AP-
PLICABLE TO STOVES AND OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 18th April 1878, and dated the 22nd October 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Thompson and
George Maw at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd
October 1877.
"
WILLIAM THOMPSON and GEORGE MAW, both of Sheffield, in the West Riding of
the County of York. IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING
HEAT BY GAS AND AIR, APPLICABLE TO STOVES AND OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention relates to means and apparatus for generating heat by gas and
air, applicable to stoves for heating rooms, and other purposes, and consists in the
employment of an apparatus of an improved and simple construction by which the
proper admixture of air with the gaseous elements is obtained and maintained,
thereby ensuring the greatest economy in the use of coal and other similar gas as a
means of obtaining heat, and preventing or lessening the objections hitherto existing
against the use of coal or other similar gas for the purpose of fuel.
In the improved apparatus the gas (produced from coal or other suitable material)
is admitted to a receptacle or box (herein-after called an "ometer") through one or
more pipes or apertures, and the air (of the atmosphere) is allowed freely to enter
the "ometer" through the open bottom thereof, or through perforations in the
bottom thereof, or through perforations in a plate in the bottom thereof, and when
the gas is ignited in the "ometer," combustion is promoted and great heat generated
by the proper admixture with the gas of the air which enters through the
bottom of the "ometer." It is proposed to divide the "ometer" longitudinally,
thereby forming an upper and a lower chamber, connected by means of per-
forations in the plate or substance which divides the upper from the lower

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chamber, the "ometer" being divided at such a point in its height as will ensure
the admixture of a proper proportion of air with gas, as to cause the most com-
plete combustion of the gas, and so obtain the greatest amount of heat. The gas can
be admitted to the "ometer" either above or below the dividing point of the
"ometer," or both above and below the said dividing point, and the upper chamber
of the "ometer" will be so shaped by a lining of fire-resisting material, or otherwise,
as that the gaseous elements, and air intermixed or in combination therewith, will or
can spread or expand by reason of the upper portion of the upper chamber being of
greater sectional area than the lower part thereof, that is to say, the interior of the
upper chamber may be conical with the greatest diameter of the coue uppermost.
This Invention can be carried into practical operation by constructing an
"ometer'
as specified, made of cast iron or other suitable material or combination of materials,
and promoting combustion therein, as above specified, and above it placing a boiler
of wrought iron, copper, or other suitable material, in such a position and in such a
manner as that the flame or heated gases or heated air and gases can impinge on the
bottom and sides thereof, and so heat it, and in connection therewith employing a
case of wrought iron or other suitable material so formed and fitted as to cover the
"ometer" and boiler, and leave a space between them, so that air may enter between
the case and "ometer" at or near the base thereof, and pass upward so as to inter-
mingle or combine with the flame and heated gases at or near the bottom of the
boiler, and together with them pass upward to the top of the case and away into the
atmosphere through a pipe, or otherwise.
The boiler employed in connection with this improved apparatus for generating
heat can be either open or closed and can be fed with water by suitable pipes from
a tank or otherwise, and can be so arranged as that the water heated therein will
be conducted therefrom through pipes for the purpose of heating a room or building,
which said water may be returned to the boiler after having parted with the whole
or part of its heat.
An "ometer" constructed as above specified can be used alone for heating purposes,
as a hand apparatus or otherwise.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Thompson and George Maw in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 20th April 1878.
WILLIAM THOMPSON and GEORGE MAW, both of Sheffield, in the West Riding of
the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING
HEAT BY GAS AND AIR, APPLICABLE TO STOVES AND OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention consists of improvements in the means and apparatus for
generating heat by gas and air, applicable to "stoves," "trivets," and similar
and other purposes.
The improved apparatus consists of a chamber in which the gas and air are mixed,
the said chamber being conical in form, or of less area at the bottom than it is at
the top, or it can be of greater area at the bottom than it is at the top.
Into this mixing chamber the gas enters by a pipe or pipes through a hole (by
preference) in the centre of the bottom thereof, the hole through which the gas
pipe passes being a little larger than the external diameter of the said pipe, so that
air can enter through the said hole into the mixing chamber; air enters either
directly through holes in the bottom thereof, or through tubes in the bottom thereof,
or through holes in the sides thereof, in such directions as to mix with the gas under
the same conditions as though it entered through holes in the bottom of the said
chamber, and by preference, the orifice or orifices through which the gas enters the
chamber are on a level with the orifices or majority of the orifices through which
the air enters the mixing chamber.
The gas can enter the chamber in one or more jets, according to the quantity
required.
"
At the top of the mixing chamber is a plate pierced by a number of holes, the
number and size of the holes being in proportion to the size of the "stove' or
"trivet" and the size of the mixing chamber.
The apparatus can be formed of iron, copper, or other suitable materials or com-
bination of materials, but it is preferred to line the mixing chamber with a fire-
resisting material, or other composition which can be replaced as required.
The apparatus above described can be used by itself, in the way ordinary gas
trivets are used, or it can be combined with a boiler, or combined with a cooking
apparatus, or otherwise employed.
In the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, Fig. No. 1 shows a vertical section of an
apparatus or "ometer" combined with a boiler for heating rooms, in which the gas
pipe C enters the mixing chamber D below the orifices of the air tubes, but the
outlet of the gas can be so arranged as to be level with the orifices of the tubes
through which the air enters.
The air tubes are marked E', E", E, E, E
Fig. No. 2 shows a half transverse section of the "ometer" (through the
line B, B, Fig. No. 1), and a half tranverse section of the apparatus (through the
line A, A, Fig. No. 1) above the "ometer," which shows the top plate of the mixing
chamber pierced with a number of holes.
It is preferred to surround the air tubes E', E", E", E, E, with a fire-
resisting composition in such a manner as that the interior surface thereof shall be
in the form of a cone.
Having now described and particularly ascertained in what manner our said
Invention is to be or may be carried into effect, we wish it to be understood that
what we claim as novel and original, and secured to us by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is, improvements in the means and apparatus for generating

page_text: heat by gas and air, as herein-before specified and described, and illustrated in a
general manner by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Thompson and George Maw, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Nineteenth day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
WILLIAM THOMPSON.
(L.S.)
GEORGE MAW.
(L.S.)