IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING ALKALINE
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, of the Firm of Robertson,
Brooman, and Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London,
Patent Agents, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING ALKALINE
Sealed the 21st December 1866, and dated the 28th June 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th June 1866.
I, CLINTON EDGCUMBE BROOMAN, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman, and
Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING
ALKALINE PERMANGANATES," to be as follows:-
It is known that water employed in excess converts alkaline manganates
into permanganates, free bases, and peroxides of manganese; for example:-
3(NaO, MnO³)+2 HO=NaO, Mn20'+MnO3+2(NaO, HO).
It is likewise known that diluted acids transform manganates into perman-
ganates; for example.-
5(NaO, MnO3)+4C0=MnO, CO+3(NaO, CO³)+2(Mn'O' NaO).

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th December 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CLINTON
EDGOUMBE BROOMAN, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman, and Company, of
166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Clinton
Edgcumbe Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING ALKALINE PERMANGANATES," (communicated to me
from abroad by Cyprien Marie Tessié du Motay, and Charles Raphael
Marechal, junior, both of Metz, France,) upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
It is known that water employed in excess converts alkaline manganates
into permanganates, free bases, and peroxides of manganese; for example,-
3(NaO, MnO3)+2HO=NaO,Mn2O+MnO2+2(NaO, HO).
It is likewise known that diluted acids transform manganates into per-
manganates; for example,-
5(NaO, MnO3)+4CO-MnO, CO³+3(NaO, CO³)+2(Mn³O³, NaO).
But it is also known that the permanganates thus generated or formed,
being in fact dissolved in a large quantity of water, must be evaporated, either
to bring them to a crystallized state, or to be employed in concentrated
solutions, and that all evaporation destroys a considerable proportion of these
compounds.
Such being the case, the object of the present Inventors has been to find,-
First. If other bodies than water would produce in concentrated solutions of
soluble manganates a conversion, the effect of which is to transform the
manganates into permanganates.

page_text: Second. If the transformation of the said manganates could be effected in
the state of pulp or paste becoming dry at the ordinary temperature.
They have found,—
First. That for water, as the converting agent, there can be substituted with
success in very concentrated solutions of alkaline manganates, either sulphates
of lime, or of magnesia, or chlorides, or carbonates, or bicarbonates of these
bases. In contact with these salts the manganates are rapidly transformed
into permanganates; for example,-
3(KO, MnO³)+2(MgO, SO³)=KO, Mn0'+MnO3+2(KO, SO³)
+2(MgO, HO).
Second. That analogous reactions are produced when soluble manganates
are triturated in the presence of a very small quantity of water, either with
sulphates of lime or of magnesia, or with chlorides, or with carbonates and
bicarbonates of these bases, but that in this case the reaction is so much the
more perfect if it takes place in a current of carbonic acid employed until the
desiccation of the paste at a temperature which may vary without inconvenience
from 60° to 112° Fahrenheit..
Third. That the fluosilicates of lime of magnesia, and of alumina as well as the
soluble fluosilicates will like the soluble sulphates and chlorides transform the
alkaline manganates into permanganates by double decomposition.
This Invention therefore consists in and I claim the employment in sub-
stitution for water of sulphates of lime, or of magnesia, or the chlorides,
carbonates, or fluosilicates berein-before mentioned, for the purpose of pro-
ducing permanganates of potass and of soda, either in the state of concentrated
solutions or of dry paste or pulp, substantially in the manner hereiu-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of December, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
C. E. BROOMAN. (L.S.)