Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Jan., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 15th Sept., 1897-Accepted, 6th Nov., 1897
I, THOMAS NAUNTON WALLER of "Minories," Jesmond Road, Newcastle-upon-
Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Engineer do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
"
The improved apparatus for "staving' or thickening the ends of tubes has
for its object the production of a better finished article than is at present made
by the tools now in use for the purpose named, and the reduction of the numbers
of " wasters or badly made thickened tube ends.
"
The apparatus is shown on the drawing by Figures/1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.
Figure 1 shows the apparatus partly in elevation and partly in section.
Figure 2 is a plan of the apparatus.
Figure 3 is a section on line A. B.
Figure 4 is a section on line C. D).
Figure 5 is a back end view with the standards omitted.
Figure 6 is a front view of a buttress.
Figure 7 is a section of the front end of a mandrel, and parts of a sliding sleeve
and tube rest.
(a) is a mandrel; (b) is a sliding sleeve; (c) is a moveable tube-rest with hinged
cap (d); (e) is the buttress; (f) is a bolster worked by lever (g);, () is the bed
on standards (i, j); (k, k) are side-levers pinned to the horns (1, 1) and actuating
the sliding sleeve (b) by the studs (m, m); the rolling pin (n), to which is attached
the weight (o), works in the slotted pivoted links (2, 2) attached to the rod and
weighted lever (9); (r, r) are moveable fulcrum blocks: (s) is a pivoted catch on
the top of sliding sleeve (b); (t) is a locking and lifting lever; and (u, u) are grips.
The mandrel is made as shown by Figure 7 with a cupped recess () at the junc-
tion of the reduced diameter front end with the main body. The inner edge (w)
of the front of the sliding sleeve (b) is bevelled off to an angle of 30° with the
axis of the mandrel: the tube rest (c) has the inner edge (c), that faces the sliding
sleeve (b), also bevelled off to an angle of 30° with the axis of the mandrel (a).
The tube-rest (e) has a projection (y) on its cap to take the catch (s); and is pro-
vided with a spur pinion wheel (2) that engages with the teeth of a rack (h') formed
upon the bed (), by means of which and a crank handle (1) it can be adjusted in
position. (y) is a tube about to be "staved." The tube-rest should be of a size
to fit the tube to be "staved," and the smaller diameter end of the mandrel should
where it is cupped, be of a diameter to just fit the inside of the tube and then
very slightly taper away to the extremity, say to the extent of 1/32 of an inch.
The inner diameter of the sliding sleeve (6) and that part of the mandrel on which
it works should be of the same diameter as the finished "staved" or thickened
end of the tube is to be. The mandrel may be worked by means of a hydraulic
ram, to the head of which it may be secured by a cotter or by any other suitable
means; or the mandrel may be connected to a rod worked by a crank or an
Figure is & front view or a Duttress.
Figure 7 is a section of the front end of a mandrel, and parts of a sliding sleeve
and tube rest.
(a) is a mandrel; (b) is a sliding sleeve; (e) is a moveable tube-rest with hinged
cap (); (e) is the buttress; (f) is a bolster worked by lever (g), (h) is the bed
on standards (i, j); (k, k) are side-levers pinned to the horns (1, 1) and actuating
the sliding sleeve (6) by the studs (m, m); the rolling pin (n), to which is attached
the weight (o), works in the slotted pivoted links (2, 2) attached to the rod and
weighted lever (9); (r, r) are moveable fulcrum blocks: (s) is a pivoted catch on
the top of sliding sleeve (b); (t) is a locking and lifting lever; and (u, u) are grips.
The mandrel is made as shown by Figure 7 with a cupped recess (a) at the junc-
tion of the reduced diameter front end with the main body. The inner edge (w)
of the front of the sliding sleeve (b) is bevelled off to an angle of 30° with the
axis of the mandrel: the tube rest (c) has the inner edge (c), that faces the sliding
sleeve (b), also bevelled off to an angle of 30° with the axis of the mandrel (a).
The tube-rest (c) has a projection (y) on its cap to take the catch (s); and is pro-
vided with a spur pinion wheel (2) that engages with the teeth of a rack (h) formed
upon the bed (4), by means of which and a crank handle (¹) it can be adjusted in
position. (y) is a tube about to be staved." The tube-rest should be of a size
to fit the tube to be "staved," and the smaller diameter end of the mandrel should
where it is cupped, be of a diameter to just fit the inside of the tube and then
very slightly taper away to the extremity, say to the extent of 1/32 of an inch.
The inner diameter of the sliding sleeve (b) and that part of the mandrel on which
it works should be of the same diameter as the finished "staved" or thickened
end of the tube is to be. The mandrel may be worked by means of a hydraulic
ram, to the head of which it may be secured by a cotter or by any other suitable
means; or the mandrel may be connected to a rod worked by a crank or an

page_text: a steam engine,
It may
DC Worked in any other
suitable manner.
All the various parts of the apparatus are to be made of metal.
The apparatus may be worked as follows:-
The tube to be "staved," having had one of its ends heated to the welding point,
has its cool end placed between the grips (u, u) attached to the buttress (e), and
its heated end placed in the tube rest (which has previously had its cap () lifted)
which is approximately in the position shown on the drawing, the cap (d) is
lowered and clamped, then the mandrel (a) is forced forward to meet the tube
rest (c) and continuing its progress compresses the heated tube end into the
enclosed space formed between the sliding-sleeve and the mandrel, and any
tendency on the part of the tube to buckle outwards on leaving the protection of
the tube rest, which is driven forward by the mandrel, is smoothed down by the
bevelled inner edge (w) of the sliding-sleeve (6); and the cupped recess (c) of the
mandrel will tend to cause the metal of the tube to flow outwards at the earlier
portion of the forward stroke of the mandrel and thus, to a slight extent, relieve
the shock of impact between the tube and the mandrel, and mitigate the liability
that tubes now have of crumpling up when being
staved" instead of beng
uniformly and evenly thickened and without seams.
66
6.
The necessary of tube having been staved" the mandrel (a) and bolster (f)
are both withdrawn, and the finished "staved" tube is taken out of the machine
and placed on one side to cool. The mandrel is run forward again, if desired,
and the catch (s) lowered on to the tube-rest (e) where it is clamped, and the
mandrel and tube-rest can be brought back together, by means of it, into their
first position, but the tube-rest can also be brought into position, if desired, by
means of the pinion wheel (2), and the rack (h) on the machine bed (h), the
pinion being turned by a crank handle (2), or a hand-wheel, attached to its spindle.
The grips (u, u) attached to the buttress (e) are for the purpose of holding the
finished tube while the mandrel is being withdrawn.
There is a differential movement of the mandrel (a) and the sliding sleeve (b),
which is brought about by the mechanism shown by the drawing and the
operation of which will be now described; the mandrel (a) is capable of being
drawn backward some distance beyond that shown, and when this is done the
sliding sleeve (b) will have been forced along the mandrel (a) towards the rear by
the side levers (kk) owing to their being pivoted to the horns (1, 1) which are fast
to the mandrel and their lower ends being held by means of the rolling pin (n),
so called as it is free to roll, until they have passed their perpendicular position
and the underside of the horns have been withdrawn from above the projecting
mose-pieces (al, al) on the links (2, 1) when the links are canted upwards by means
of the weighted lever and rod (g) to which the links are keyed, and the rolling pin
rising with them enables the side levers to be traversed in a backward direction
and the sliding sleeve (b) with them. On the forward motion of the mandrel,
during the earlier portion of the stroke, the sliding sleeve (b), side-levers (k, k),
and the rolling pin (n), together with the horns (, ), all advance at the same rate
of speed until the rolling-pin has reached the end of the slots in the links (7, P)
when the horns (1) come in contact with the nose-pieces (1, 2) and depress the
links and with them the rolling pin (n), the latter then enters a recess formed
in each of the blocks (r, r) herein called "fulcrum blocks," when, at this stage of
the forward stroke of the mandrel, an accelerated motion is given to the sliding
sleeve (b) by reason of the lower ends of the side levers (k, k) ceasing to move in
a forward direction, for as the mandrel advances the difference between its speed
and the speed of the sliding sleeve will vary in accordance with the difference
between the length from the centre of the rolling-pin" to the centre of the
pins (, ) in the horns (1, 1) and the centre of the "rolling-pin" and the centre
of the studs (m, m) on the sliding-sleeve (b).
The weight (o) attached to the "rolling-pin" (which attachment should be
made in a manner that will allow of the said pin rolling) is for the purpose of

page_text: keeping the lower ends of the side levers (k, k) in a forward position during the
earlier portion of the mandrel stroke.
The fulcrum blocks (r, r) may be made interchangeable with others having
deeper or shallower recesses to receive longer or shorter side-levers (k, k) according
to the speed of the sliding-sleeve that may be required. These "fulcrum blocks
may be inserted into vertical grooves in the bed of the machine, or they may be
bolted or otherwise fastened thereto, suitable provision being made in the beds
for them.
The buttress (e) shown on the drawing may be varied in shape and size to suit
the various diameters and lengths of tube that may be made in the machine; as
may also be the various parts of the staving apparatus at the opposite end of the
machine. To reduce the distance between the buttress and the mandrel to suit
short lengths of pipe in cases where one machine is used for many sizes and lengths
of tube the bolt holes shown may be more in number and extend further along the
bed than is shown, or a thick rib may be cast on the top of each of the two side
cheeks of the bed at the end, and distance blocks fitted to une guides (u, u¹) and
constructed to project above the surface of the bed so that they can take a bearing
against a bar laid on the bed and against the ribs just mentioned and they can
then be used as "packing pieces" at the back of the buttress which will bear
against the distance blocks; or there may be a combination of both bolts and
distance blocks; the latter may be of any convenient shape.
The bolts for holding the buttress in position are indicated by centre lines as
are also the bolts for the standards of the beds and the "holding-down
" bolts.
Dated this 5th day of January 1897.
E. H. G. BREWSTER,
Agent for Applicant.
"
Improved Apparatus for "Staving or Thickening the Ends
of Tubes.
I, THOMAS NAUNTON WALLER of "Minories," Jesmond Road, Newcastle-upon-
Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Engineer do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement: —
The improved apparatus for "staving" or thickening the ends of tubes has
for its object the production of a better finished article than is at present made
by the tools now in use for the purpose named, and the reduction of the numbers
of wasters or badly made thickened tube ends.
"
"
The apparatus is shown on the drawing of the Provisional Specification by
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.
Figure 1 shows the apparatus partly in elevation and partly in section.
Figure 2 is a plan of the apparatus.
Figure 3 is a section on line A. B.
Figure 4 is a section on line C. D.
Figure 5 is a back end view with the standards omitted.
Figure 6 is a front view of a buttress.
Figure 7 is a section of the front end of a mandrel, and parts of a sliding sleeve
and tube rest.
(a) is a mandrel; (b) is a sliding sleeve; (c) is a movable tube-rest with hinged
cap (d); (e) is the buttress; (f) is a bolster worked by lever (g): (/) is the bed
on standards (i, j); (k, k) are side-levers pinned to the horns (, ) and actuating
the sliding sleeve (6) by the studs (m, m); the rolling pin (n), to which is attached

page_text: the weight (o), works in the slotted pivoted links (p, p) attached to the rod and
weighted lever (g); (r, r) are moveable fulcrum blocks; (s) is a pivoted catch on
the top of sliding sleeve (b); (t) is a locking and lifting lever; and (u, u) are grips.
The mandrel is made as shown by Figure 7 with a cupped recess (v) at the junc-
tion of the reduced diameter front end with the main body. The inner edge (w)
of the front of the sliding sleeve (b) is bevelled off to an angle of 30° with the
axis of the mandrel; the tube rest (c) has the inner edge (a), that faces the sliding
sleeve (b), also bevelled off to an angle of 30° with the axis of the mandrel (a).
The tube-rest (c) has a projection (y) on its cap to take the catch (s); and is pro-
vided with a spur pinion wheel (2) that engages with the teeth of a rack (¹) formed
upon the bed (h), by means of which and a crank handle (2) it can be adjusted in
position. (y) is a tube about to be "staved." The tube-rest should be of a size
to fit the tube to be "staved," and the smaller diameter end of the mandrel should
where it is cupped, be of a diameter to just fit the inside of the tube and then
very slightly taper away to the extremity, say to the extent of 1/32 of an inch.
The inner diameter of the sliding sleeve (b) and that part of the mandrel on which
it works should be of the same diameter as the finished "staved" or thickened
end of the tube is to be. The mandrel may be worked by means of a hydraulic
ram, to the head of which it may be secured by a cotter or by any other suitable
means; or the mandrel may be connected to a rod worked by a crank or an
eccentric on a shaft driven by a steam engine, or it may be worked in any other
suitable manner.
All the various parts of the apparatus are to be made of metal.
The apparatus may be worked as follows:-
The tube to be "staved," having had one of its ends heated to the welding point,
has its cool end placed between the grips (, ) attached to the buttress (e), and
its heated end placed in the tube rest (which has previously had its cap () lifted)
which is approximately in the position shown on the drawing, 'the cap (d) is
lowered and clamped, then the mandrel (a) is forced forward to meet the tube
rest (c) and continuing its progress compresses the heated tube end into the
enclosed space formed between the sliding-sleeve and the mandrel, and any
tendency on the part of the tube to buckle outwards on leaving the protection of
the tube rest, which is driven forward by the mandrel, is smoothed down by the
bevelled inner edge (w) of the sliding-sleeve (b); and the cupped recess (v) of the
mandrel will tend to cause the metal of the tube to flow outwards at the earlier
portion of the forward stroke of the mandrel and thus, to a slight extent, relieve
the shock of impact between the tube and the mandrel, and mitigate the liability
that tubes now have of crumpling up when being staved " instead of being
uniformly and evenly thickened and without seams.
The necessary length of tube having been "staved "the mandrel (a) and bolster (f)
are both withdrawn, and the finished "staved" tube is taken out of the machine
and placed on one side to cool. The mandrel is run forward again, if desired,
and the catch (s) lowered on to the tube-rest (c) where it is clamped, and the
mandrel and tube-rest can be brought back together by means of it, into their
first position, but the tube-rest can also be brought into position, if desired, by
means of the pinion wheel (2), and the rack (4) on the machine bed (), the
pinion being turned by a crank handle (1), or a band wheel attached to its spindle.
The grips (u, u) attached to the buttress (e) are for the purpose of holding the
finished tube while the mandrel is being withdrawn.
There is a differential movement of the mandrel (a) and the sliding sleeve (b),
which is brought about by the mechanism shown by the drawing and the
operation of which will be now described; the mandrel (a) is capable of being
drawn backward some distance beyond that shown, and when this is done the
sliding sleeve (b) will have been forced along the mandrel (a) towards the rear by
the side levers (kk) owing to their being pivoted to the horns (1, 7) which are fast
to the mandrel and their lower ends being held by means of the rolling pin (n),
so called as it is free to roll, until they have passed their perpendicular position

page_text: and the underside of the horns have been withdrawn from above the projecting
nose-pieces (x, x¹) on the links (1, 1) when the links are canted upwards by means
of the weighted lever and rod (9) to which the links are keyed, and the rolling pin
rising with them enables the side levers to be traversed in a backward direction
and the sliding sleeve (b) with them. On the forward motion of the mandrel,
during the earlier portion of the stroke, the sliding sleeve (b), side levers (k, k),
and the rolling pin (n), together with the horns (1, 1) all advance at the same rate
of speed until the rolling-pin has reached the end of the slots in the links (p, P)
when the horns (1) come in contact with the nose-pieces (z¹, a¹) and depress the
links and with them the rolling pin (n), the latter then enters a recess formed
in each of the blocks (r, r) herein called fulcrum blocks," when, at this stage of
the forward stroke of the mandrel, an accelerated motion is given to the sliding
sleeve (6) by reason of the lower ends of the side levers (k, k) ceasing to move in
a forward direction, for as the mandrel advances the difference between its speed
and the speed of the sliding sleeve will vary in accordance with the difference
between the length from the centre of the rolling-pin to the centre of the
pins (, ) in the horns (1, 1) and the centre of the "rolling-pin" and the centre
of the studs (m, m) on the sliding-sleeve (b).
"
In the above description of this differential motion between the ram and slid-
ing sleeve, the whole motive power is presumed to be applied from one ram only,
but for very large works where the power required to drive the sliding sleeve is
very great it may be advisable to assist driving the sleeve by a second ram work-
ing at a higher speed than the main ram. If such be added the links and geer
regulating the differential speed are to remain as already described, the second ram
acting only as an auxiliary power to reduce the strain on the main ram.
The weight (o) attached to the "rolling-pin" (which attachment should be
made in a manner that will allow of the said pin rolling) is for the purpose of
keeping the lower ends of the side levers (k, k) in a forward position during the
earlier portion of the mandrel stroke.
The fulcrum blocks (r, r) may be made interchangeable with others having
deeper or shallower recesses to receive longer or shorter side-levers (k, k) according
to the speed of the sliding-sleeve that may be required. These "fulcrum blocks
may be inserted into vertical grooves in the bed of the machine, or they may be
bolted or otherwise fastened thereto, suitable provision being made in the beds
for them.
The buttress (e) shown on the drawing may be varied in shape and size to suit
the various diameters and lengths of tube that may be made in the machine; as
may also be the various parts of the "staving" apparatus at the opposite end of the
machine. To reduce the distance between the buttress and the mandrel to suit
short lengths of pipe in cases where one machine is used for many sizes and lengths
of tube the bolt holes shown may be more in number and extend further along the
bed than is shown, or a thick rib may be cast on top of each of the two side
checks of the bed at the end, and distance blocks fitted to the guides (u¹, ¹) and
constructed to project above the surface of the bed so that they can take a bearing
against a bar laid on the bed and against the ribs just mentioned and they can
then be used as packing pieces" at the back of the buttress which will bear
against the distance blocks; or there may be a combination of both bolts and
distance blocks; the latter may be of any convenient shape.
<<
The bolts for holding the buttress in position are indicated by centre lines as
are also the bolts for the standards of the beds and the "holding down" bolts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The improved apparatus for "staving" or thickening the ends of tubes as
herein before described.

page_text: 2. The combination of the mandrel (a), the sliding-sleeve (b), and the moveable
tube rest (c).
3. The combination of the mandrel (a), the sliding-sleeve (b), the side
levers (k,), the horns (, ), on the mandrel (a), the rolling pin (n), the slotted
pivoted levers (2, 2) attached to the horizontal rod (g), with weighted lever, and
the moveable slotted fulcrum blocks (r, r).
4. The mandrel (a) with cupped recess (v).