A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Lorberg, of North Bow, in the County
of Middlesex, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP,"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Lorberg at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 8th October 1872.
I, WILLIAM LORBERG, of North Bow, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OB
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP," to be as follows :-
.
This Invention consists of a new or improved process for manu-
facturing soap. I take a definite quantity of fat, animal or vegetable,
or a mixture of the two, or a mixture of either of the two, and rosin in
the state of thick oil, in proportions varying according to the quality
of soap it is intended to produce, the finer varieties of fat yielding a soap
superior to that formed by lower descriptions of fatty matters.
The fats

page_text: to which I particularly refer are tallow, mutton suct, or a mixture of
the two, known in the trade as "melted stuff," animal oils, such as fish
oils, cocoa nut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, cotton seed oil, olive oil,
and the like. The said mixture is heated to the melting point, say
about 100 degrees Fahrenheit, the object being to have the fats in a
liquid state at as low a temperature as possible, merely to insure contact
with the chemical ingredients afterwards to be mixed with them. To
this mixture I then add gradually and with diligent stirring from 50 to
60 per cent. of a solution of caustic soda, indicating in the cold from
30 to 10 degrees Baumé. As soon as combination has taken place,
which it does with evolution of heat in a few minutes, I add water,
solution of glutin, silicate of soda, or silicate of soda and potash; and
for certain kinds of soap, sulphate of soda, alumina, and carbonate of
potash. The proportions of all these matters vary with the proposed
quality of the soap, but in general they are as follows, namely:-Fat,
100 parts; alkali, 50 to 60 parts; silicate of soda or of soda and potash,
25 to 50 parts; glutin, 25 to 50 parts; water, 20 to 50 parts. All the
ingredients are added to the above compound in the cold, and thoroughly
incorporated by stirring. The mass which is now of a creamy subsistence
is covered up, allowed to heat and cool down again, which requires from
24 to 48 hours, more or less, after which it is ready to be taken out of
the frames and cut into slabs or bars as may be desired. The soap then
only requires to be seasoned, that is to say, to be exposed for some time
to the influence of the atmosphere in a drying room or other convenient
shelter, which hardens and dries it.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Lorberg in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 8th April 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
LORBERG, of North Bow, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Lorberg, Her special
licence that I, the said William Lorberg, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Lorberg, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A
NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE Manufacture of SOAP," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Lorberg, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW 1, Chat 1, the Sum
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :—
My Invention consists of a new or improved process for manufacturing
soap. I take a definite quantity of fat, animal or vegetable, or a mixture
of the two, or a mixture of cither of the two, and rosin in the state of
thick oil, in proportions-varying according to the quality of soap it is
intended to produce, the finer varieties of fat yielding a soap superior
to that formed by lower descriptions of fatty matters. The fats to which
I particularly refer are tallow, mutton suct, or a mixture of the two,
known in the trade as "melted stuff," animal oils, such as fish oils,
cocoa nut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, cotton seed oil, olive oil, and
the like. The said mixture is heated to the melting point, say about
100 degrees Fahrenheit, the object being to have the fats in a liquid.
state at as low a temperature as possible, merely to insure contact with
the chemical ingredients afterwards to be mixed with them. To this
mixture I then add gradually and with diligent stirring from 50 to 60
per cent, of a solution of caustic soda, indicating in the cold from 30 to
40 degrees Baumé. As soon as combination has taken place, which it
does with evolution of heat in a few minutes, I add water, solution of
glutin, silicate of soda, or silicate of soda and potash; and for certain
kinds of soap, sulphate of soda, alumina, and carbonate of potash. The
proportions of all these matters vary with the proposed quality of the
soap, but in general they are as follows, namely:-Fat, 100 parts;
alkali, 50 to 60 parts; silicate of soda or of soda and potash, 25 to 50
parts; glutin, 25 to 50 parts; water, 20 to 50 parts. All the ingredients
are added to the above compound in the cold, and thoroughly incorporated
by stirring. The mass which is now of a creamy subsistence is covered
up, allowed to licat and cool down again, which requires from 24 to
48 hours, more or less, after which it is ready to be taken out of the
frames and cut into slabs or bars as may be desired. The soap then only
requires to be seasoned, that is to say, to be exposed for some time to
the influence of the atmosphere in a drying room or other convenient
shelter, which hardens and dries it.
analu in dafine the proportions in which the different

page_text: Having now fully described and set forth the nature and object of
my said Invention for "A New or Improved Process for the Manu-
facture of Soap," and the means by which it may be effected, I hereby
declare my Invention to consist in, and I claim, combining together the
above-mentioned ingredients, matters, or substances, in the manner and
proportions above described in and for the manufacture of soap as
constituting a new or improved process in such manufacture.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Lorberg, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
W. LORBERG. (L.S.)