IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF WAGONS OR VEHICLES FOR THE CONVEYANCE OF CATTLE UPON RAILWAY
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Reid, of Granton, in the County of Mid
Lothian, North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF WAGONS OR VEHICLES FOR THE CONVEYANCE
OF CATTLE UPON RAILWAYA
Sealed the 25th April 1865, and dated the 21st December 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Reid at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
December 1864.
T, WILLIAM REID, of Granton, in the County of Mid Lothian, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF WAGONS OR VEHICLES FOR THE
CONVEYANCE OF CATTLE UPON RAILWAYS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to a peculiar arrangement and construction of cattle
wagons or trucks, to be used on railways, whereby provision is afforded for
keeping the cattle supplied with water during the course of a journey, the
result being that the cattle in place of being out of condition at the end of their
journey, as is now the case, are perfectly fresh and ready for immediate sale.
In carrying out this Invention it is proposed to construct these improved
wagons with water troughs, such troughs having by preference an opening on
the outer side for the convenience of filling the same from the bydrants on the
line of railway, the troughs forming a part of the wagon itself or being capable
of removal therefrom for cleaning or repairs. Whon several troughs are used

page_text: they are coupled together so as to communicate with each other, the water
being thus free to run from one to another.
In modifying existing cattle wagons, so as to carry out the object of this
Invention, special openings are cut around them, and water troughs are
inserted into such openings and secured therein in any convenient manner,
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Reid in the Great Seal Patent Office, on the 7th
June 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
REID, of Granton, in the County of Mid Lothian, North Britain, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Reid, Her special license that I, the said William Reid,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Reid, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF WAGONS OR VEHICLES FOR THE CONVEYANCE
OF CATTLE UPON RAILWAYS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said William Reid, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Reid, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to a peculiar arrangement and construction of
cattle wagons or trucks to be used on railways, whereby provision is afforded

page_text: for keeping the cattle supplied with water during the course of a journey, the
result being that the cattle in place of being out of condition at the end of their
journey, as is now the case, are perfectly fresh and ready for immediate sale.
In carrying out this Invention it is proposed to construct these improved
wagons with water troughs, such troughs having by preference an opening on
the outer side for the convenience of filling the same from the hydraunts on
the line of railway, the troughs forming a part of the wagon itself or being
capable of removal therefrom for cleaning or repairs. When several troughs
are used they are coupled together so as to communicate with each other, the
water being thus free to run from one to another.
In modifying existing cattle wagons, so as to carry out the object of
this Invention special openings are cut around them, and water troughs are
inserted into such openings and secured therein in any convenient manner.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood, I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the system, mode, or manner in or
under which the same is or may be used, or practically carried into effect,
reference being had. to the several.Figures upon the two explanatory Sheets of
Drawings which I have hereunto appended, and in which similar parts are
indicated by corresponding letters of reference, that is to say,-
The Figure on Sheet 1 is a side elevation of an ordinary cattle wagon with
my improvements attached thereto. The Figure on Sheet 2 is an end view
corresponding to Sheet 1.
There are of course several methods under which the troughs forming the
essential feature of this Invention may be attached to cattle wagons, but in
building new wagons I prefer to fix them in the manner shown in the Drawings
accompanying the Specification, other methods will herein-after be fully
referred to.
Upon referring to the Drawings on Sheets 1 and 2, it will be observed
that the troughs marked A, are arranged in outline in the form of a rectangular
Figure, three sides only being employed to complete the trough. It will be
observed that the troughs A being continuous the water when placed therein
will be level on all points. The troughs are not shown attached to the doors
B of the wagon as it is not considered requisite to attach them thereto for the
reason that the heads of the animals when placed in the wagon are generally
situated towards the extremities of the sides and ends of the wagon. The
troughs A are shown fixed at a height of about two feet nine inches, which
height will generally be found suitable for cattle and horses. It will be
necessary to fix the troughs at a lower level for sheep at a distance from the
bottom of the truck of about one foot four inches. In the Drawings doors or

page_text: covers C are shown arranged over the troughs A, but these may or may not be
used at discretion. When the troughs are to be filled with water or food, the
covers C are lifted being fitted with hinges D for the purpose of rendering
them moveable. There are various other methods under which water and food
troughs may be attached to wagons for the conveyance of cattle upon railways,
viz., they may be put in sections and connected together by channels or pipes
so as to allow the water to maintain the same level in each of the troughs, or
they may be arranged to slide upwards and downwards vertically, and capable
of adjustment to suit the height of large or small animals.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in or under which the same is or may be used or
practically carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I
consider to be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the application
of troughs to cattle wagons used on railways for the purpose of supplying the
animals with water and food when travelling in the manner herein-before
described, or any mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Reid, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of June, One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-five.
WILLIAM REID. (L.S.)