IMPROVEMENTS IN RIVETS AND IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ALSO RELATE TO A METHOD OF AND MACHINERY FOR INSERTING THE SAID RIVETS IN LEATHER OR OTHER MATERIAL
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine,
Lake, & Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London,,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN RIVETS AND IN MACHINERY FOR
MANUFACTURING THE SAME, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ALSO RELATE TO A METHOD
OF AND MACHINERY FOR INSERTING THE SAID RIVETS IN LEATHER OR OTHER
MATERIAL."A communication from abroad by Mellen Bray, of
Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
.>
Sealed the 6th July 1875, and dated the 12th January 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 12th January 1875.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RIVETS AND IN MACHINERY
FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ALSO RELATE TO A METHOD OF
AND MACHINERY FOR INSERTING THE SAID RIVETS IN LEATHER OR OTHER MATERIAL,'
communication, to be as follows_
i
"
;
The first part of this Invention relates; to an improved rivet, and

page_text: consists in constructing the rivet with a hollow or tubular shank or body,
the end of which is formed with an annular chisel-shaped cutting edge
for the purpose of enabling it to cut its own path through the material
in which it is to be set.
The second part of the said Invention relates to a machine for per-
forming the operations of cutting a blank from a coil of wire, forming
on one end thercof a head and in the opposite end a conical recess or
countersink, or in other words making a finished solid rivet with a
countersunk point, and the new features embraced in this machine con-
sists in a peculiar arrangement of the dies for cutting the wire and
forming the head and countersunk point, and in the manner of operating
and controlling the same. In this machine for making solid rivets I com-
bine a stationary die, a movable die, a gauge pin, and heading plunger.
The aforesaid heading plunger-or die is provided with an adjusting screw
and check nut. The said machine also has feed rolls arranged in
combination with the said stationary and movable dies, and with suitable
means for imparting a reciprocating motion to the said movable die.
The die holder which carries the said movable die is arranged to be recip-
rocated from a position in front of the fixed die to a position in line with
a heading die, and register pins are arranged to work in connection with
a hole and ear in the said die holder to accurately locate the movable
die in its two positions. The said machine has a plunger provided with
a collar and conical gauge pin, and arranged to reciprocate in con-
bination with a forked plunger arranged to lock the first-named plunger
in position. The said plungers are arranged in combination with a
sliding cam plate and wedges secured to a driving wheel.
bination with the aforesaid feed rolls I arrange a wire guide stand, and a
bushing inserted in the frame for guiding the wire. A. crosshead carries
the said heading die and register pin, and is operated by an eccentric and
eccentric rod. A plunger carrying a gauge pin and another register pin
is arranged to be reciprocated by a cam. The said machine also has
a knock-off plunger in combination with levers, a spring, and a dog,
secured to the said driving wheel.
In com-
The third part of this Invention relates to a machine for drilling out
the body of the rivet to form a thin tube thereof, the said machine being
arranged to take a rivet from a hopper in which the solid rivets are
placed, convey it to the proper point, and drill out the body thereof, and
this part of the said Invention consists, first, in a peculiar arrangement

page_text: of the hopper and mode of hanging and operating the same, whereby
the rivets are arranged in regular order and discharged therefrom with
their heads uppermost, and delivered to the carrier wheel with their points
uppermost.
It also consists in making the hopper with a bottom, the rear portion
of which is formed at an angle to the front portion, so that the rivets
which roll to the extreme back end of the hopper when it is tilted, and
beyond the slot in the bottom of the front portion or the portion nearest
to the axis around which it vibrates, will not roll towards the front end
of the hopper when it is raised, till those rivets which have dropped into
line in the slot or opening in the bottom of the box have moved down to
the opening through which they emerge from the hopper.
It further consists in the employment of an intermittently rotating
wheel provided with a series of slits or pockets cut through its periphery
corresponding in size and form with the rivet to be drilled in combination
with a hopper for separating the rivets, and an inclined chute for convey-
ing the rivets to the said wheel when so arranged that the rivets. are fed
into the said wheel in a direction parallel to the axis thereof.
It further consists in the use in combination with the said hopper,
chute, and carrier wheel of a reciprocating plunger arranged to cut off
the lever eyelet descending the inclined chute and force it into the pocket
in the carrier wheel.
It further consists in the employment of two stationary shields,
between which the carrier wheel revolves to prevent the accidental dis-
placement of the rivets from the pockets in the wheel while passing
from the point where they are received to the point where they are
discharged.
This part of the said Invention also consists in the use of a pair of
intermittently reciprocating clamping dies arranged to seize the rivet by
its body and hold it firmly while it is being drilled.
Also in the employment of a pair of levers for operating the said clamp-
ing dies in combination with a double-faced edge cam or a pair of edge
cams arranged to force the long arms of the said levers apart.
Also in providing the said levers with a pivoted saddle, wherein is
mounted the cam truck, and which is provided with suitable set screws for
adjusting the same to regulate the pressure of the clamping dies and to
compensate for the wear of the cam and truck.
:

page_text: Further, in the employment of a revolving drill spindle provided with
a non-revolving yoke, which has mounted therein an antifriction truck
in combination with a scroll cam for feeding the drill to the work and a
counterweight for drawing it back.
The fourth part of this Invention relates to the manner of setting the
tubular rivets herein described, and it consists in forcing the rivet through
the material to be riveted without previous punching, the rivet cutting
its own way, the material, whether leather, cloth, paper, or the like being
placed on a solid anvil or heading die, and the core cut out being forced
into the hollow of the tube, and the thin end of the tube being turned
over upon the material.
The fifth part of the said Invention relates to a machine for setting
the rivets, and it consists, first, in the use in a machine for setting rivets,
in leather, cloth, paper, or other flexible material of a hopper, into which
the rivets are placed, provided with a slot through its bottom, extending
longitudinally from one-half to two-thirds of the length of the box, and
pivoted to the upper end of an inclined chute, and arranged to agitate
the rivets placed therein by being tilted or vibrated around the said pivots
so that the pivots will be caused to roll or slide alternately from one end
to the other end of the said box.
This part of the said Invention further consists in making the hopper
in two parts, hinged together and provided with means for adjustment,
whereby the angle of the bottoms of the two portions with relation to each
other may be varied at will.
Further, in the combination with a hopper, an inclined chute, and a
reciprocating plunger for cutting off the lever rivet in such chute and
moving it to the setting tools, of a rivet receiver mounted upon and at
times moving with the setting plunger.
Further, in providing the said rivet receiver with a pair of springs, one
upon either side, having their lever ends formed to present a flaring
opening to the entrance of the rivet, the passage of which shall open the
said spring, and when the rivet is in position in line with the setting
plunger and clenching anvil, the said springs will close upon the body of
the rivet and hold it in a perpendicular position until it is forced down-
ward into the material, when the head forces the springs open to allow the
head to pass.

page_text: Further, in the use of a pivoted cam wedge for operating the cut-off
plunger, arranged to act upon the said plunger when the operating bar
or rod is moved upward and to fold into the said bar when it moves
downward past the plunger.
Further, in the employment of a clenching anvil made somewhat in the
form of the letter U turned upon its side for the purpose of setting rivets
in one or more thickness of material without injury to another thickness
in the same line, through which it is not desirable to have the rivets pass,
as for instance, in securing loops to leather straps.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 10th July 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ROBERT LAKE of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Robert Lake, Her special
licence that I, the said William Robert Lake, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Robert Lake,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RIVETS AND IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME,
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ALSO RELATE TO A METHOD OF AND MACHINERY FOR INSERTING
THE SAID RIVETS IN LEATHER OR OTHER MATERIAL," a communication to me
from abroad by Mellen Bray, of Boston, Massachusetts, United
States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said William Robert Lake, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands

page_text: Figure 5 is an elevation of the side of the machine opposite to that
shown in Figure 2, with the driving wheel cut away, and shewing the
straightening devices complete.
And Figure 6 is a transverse section on the line 3, 3, Figure 4.
A is the main frame of the machine supported at a convenient height
upon the legs B, B, not shewn in full; C is a heavy balance wheel
which serves as a driving pulley mounted upon the shaft D fitted in
bearings A, A, in the frame A, and having formed thereon between the
said bearings the eccentric D¹; E is the eccentric rod connected at one
end to the cross head F arranged to move endwise in slides formed by the
ledges A³ cast upon the inner surfaces of the frame A and the caps A*;
G is a heading plunger or die for shaping the exterior of the rivet heads,
the said plunger being made adjustable by means of the screw bolt d
and check nut d¹. The cross head F also carries in its forward end the
registering pin e designed to correct any inaccuracies in the position of
the rivet holding die.
H is a reciprocating plunger having its bearing in a groove formed in
one edge of the cross head F, and carrying in its front end the adjustable
gauge pin fand the registering pin g, the said plunger being made to
reciprocate by means of the path cam H¹ which is fixed upon the
shaft D and acts upon the truck h; I is a block of metal bolted to the
inner face of the front cross tie of the frame A, and forming in con-
junction with the cap I¹ a dovetailed groove, into which is fitted the die
holder 1. The block I has inserted in its inner face the steel cut-off
die i resting against the annular screw ', by means of which it may be
adjusted to its position as often as it becomes necessary to sharpen it.
It is also provided with the hole j, into which is fitted the collar k¹ of
the plunger k, having its bearing in the front cross tie of the frame A, as
seen in Figure 4. This plunger carries in its front end the conical
pointed gauge pin 2 which serves to locate the rivet blank in the forming
die to determine the length of the body of the rivet to form the conical
recess in the point of the rivet, and to force the rivet out of the die after
it has been headed. The necessary motions for these operations are
imparted to the plunger by the path cam J on the driving shaft, the
path of which cam is shown in dotted lines in Figure 2, through the
medium of the radius arm J¹ carrying a truck fitting into the path of
the said cam, the connecting rod J and the lever J³ having its fulcrum

page_text: at J, and being connected to the plunger at J5. The said plunger k
is held firmly in position while the rivet is being headed by means of a
forked plunger fitted to embrace the plunger k after it has been moved
forward just in the rear of the collar k', said plunger being fitted to a
bearing in the frame A in a position at right angles to the plunger / ;
it has an intermittent reciprocating motion imparted thereto by the
sliding cam plate K acting upon the pin 4, and moved in one direction
by the wedge L and in the opposite direction by the wedge L', both
secured to the edge of the rim of the driving wheel C.
The die holder 12 fitted to the dovetailed slide formed in the inner
face of the block I has in it the rivet forming die m, which also serves
in connection with the die to cut off the blank from the wire and
convey it to the proper position to be headed; said die holder has also
formed therein the hole to receive the conical point of the register
pin e when the die is in position for the rivet to be headed and the
heading die G is being moved forward; it is also provided with the boss
or ear n², by means of which it is attached to the stem or rod I. and
with the front end of which the register pin g engages when the dic mis
brought opposite the fixed cut-off die i in position to receive the wire
from which a blank is to be cut, the purpose of this engagement being
to correct any inaccuracies in the position of the die m. An intermittent
reciprocating motion is imparted to the die m and its holder I2, by means
of the toggle joint M. actuated by the cam N through the medium of the
bifurcated bar N' and the trucks N2, and N3, and link N'.
The wire from which the rivet is to be made is taken from a reel, not
shown in the Drawings, and drawn between the two clusters of straight-
ening rolls ¹, n', by means of the feed rolls O and P secured to the
shafts O' and P₁, which are mounted in bearings formed for the purpose
in the stands Q, Q. bolted to the front end of the frame A. The wire
after leaving the feed rolls is guided to the dies by passing through a
hole in the stand R, and the bushing o inserted into the frame A, and
reaches partially through the block I, and fits into a conical recess in the
rear side of the die i, as shown in Figure 4.
0
The shafts O and P¹ are geared together by the spur gear wheels O2 and
P2, and the shaft ( has secured to its end the disc wheel O³, in which outer
face is formed a concentric groove, into which is fitted the curved grip
lever 04 connected loosely at its upper end to the lever P³ by means of a

page_text: pin p projecting inward therefrom, and entering a hole in the said grip
lever slotted vertically but fitting said pin laterally, as shown in dotted lines
in Figure 5.
The lever P³ has three arms, as shown, and is mounted loosely upon the
shaft O¹, and is connected by the rod S to the upper end of the lever S¹, to
which a vibratory motion is imparted by the cam T and the weight W.
The grip lever 04 is made to grip the wheel O³ by contact with the walls
of the groove in which it is placed at the points r and s by the movement
of its upper end toward the driving shaft, and thereby cause the wheel (3
and the feed rolls O and l' to be revolved in the proper direction to feed
the wire into the die ia distance equal to the length of the blank required
to make a rivet.
When the lever P³ is moved in the opposite direction by the action of
the weight W the curved grip lever 04 moves freely around the axis of
wheel 0³ without moving said wheel, the toes of said grip lever being
raised from contact with the wheel by the spring t.
When the feed of the wire is completed the toggle joint M is straight-
ened by the action of the cam N, thereby moving the die in past the face
of die i, thus severing a blank from the end of the wire, and conveying it
to a position between the heading die G and the plunger K, and exactly
in line therewith, when the plunger k with its gauge pin k is moved
toward the heading die G, pushing the rivet blank partially out of the
The forked plunger is now moved forward to embrace the
plunger at the rear of the collar k¹, thus effectually locking the plunger k,
and preventing its being forced back by the pressure of the heading die G,
which is now moved forward and forms the head, and at the same time
forces the rivet upon the conical point of the pin k² so as to form a conical
recess in the end of the rivet, leaving the outer corners sharp, as shewn in
Figure 1ª.
die m.
When the heading die recedes the plunger is moved in the same
direction by the second throw of the cam J, and forces the rivet out of
the die m, when the rivet drops into a receptacle provided for the
purpose; then the plunger recedes, the forked plunger having in the
meantime been withdrawn, and as soon as the end of the pin k² is clear of
the die m said die is moved back to its former position in front of and
in line with the die ; then the feeding mechanism is again set in motion,

page_text: and the end of the wire is again fed through the die m till its end strikes
the gauge pin f, which determines the length of the blank.
The operations above described are repeated at every revolution of the
driving shaft.
It has been found that occasionally the rivet will stick to the end of the
conical pin, and be drawn into the die again instead of falling into the
receptacle. To avoid this difficulty a light plunger u is placed in a suitable
bearing in a vertical position directly over the place where the rivet is forced
out of the die, and connected at its top end to the lever V, to whose opposite
end is attached the lever V₁ and the spring v. The lever Vis pivoted
at v' to the stand V2, and its opposite end projects toward the rim of the
fly wheel C in a position to be struck by the dog Y secured to the edge of
the rim of said wheel, the blow thus given being transmitted through the
levers and V to the plunger u, causing it to descend suddenly, and knock
the rivet off of the pin k².
The third part of this Invention relates to a machine for drilling out the
body of the rivet to form a thin tube thereof, the said machine being arranged
to take a rivet from a hopper in which the solid rivets are placed,
convey it to the proper point, and drill out the body thereof, and this
part of the said Invention consists first in a peculiar arrangement of
the hopper and mode of hanging and operating the same, whereby the
rivets are arranged in regular order and discharged therefrom with
their heads uppermost, and delivered to the carrier wheel with their points
uppermost.
It also consists in making the hopper with a bottom whose rear portion is
formed at an angle to its front portion, so that the rivets which roll to the
extreme back end of the hopper when it is tilted, and beyond the slot in the
bottom of the front portion, or the portion nearest to the axis around which it
vibrates will not roll towards the front end of the hopper when it is raised till
those rivets which have dropped into line in the slot or opening in the bottom
of the box have moved down to the opening through which they emerge from
the hopper.
It further consists in the employment of an intermittently rotating
wheel provided with a series of slits or pockets cut through its periphery,
corresponding in size and form with the rivet to be drilled in combina-
tion with a hopper for separating the rivets, and an inclined chute for

page_text: conveying the rivets to the said wheel when so arranged that the rivets are
fed into the latter in a direction parallel to the axis thereof.
It further consists in the use in combination with the said hopper, chute,
and carrier wheel of a reciprocating plunger arranged to cut off the lever
eyelet, descending the inclined chute, and force it into the pocket in the
carrier wheel.
It further consists in the employment of two stationary shields between
which the carrier wheel revolves to prevent the accidental displacement of
the rivets from the pockets in the wheel while passing from the point where
they are received to the point where they are discharged.
This part of the said Invention also consists in the use of a pair of
intermittently reciprocating clamping dies arranged to seize the rivet by
its body, and hold it firmly while it is being drilled.
Also in the employment of a pair of levers for operating said clamping
dies in combination with a double-faced edge cam or a pair of edge camıs
arranged to force the long arms of said levers apart.
Also in providing said levers with a pivoted saddle, wherein is mounted
the cam truck, and which is provided with suitable set screws for adjusting
the same to regulate the pressure of the clamping dies, and to compensate
for the wear of the cam and truck.
Further, in the employment of a revolving drill spindle provided with a
non-revolving yoke which has mounted therein an antifriction truck in
combination with a scroll cam for feeding the drill to the work and a
counterweight for drawing it back.
Figure 7 represents a sectional plan of a machine embodying this part
of the said Invention.
Figure 8 is a longitudinal section on the line 1, 1, Figure 7, with a
portion of the rivet separating and feeding devices broken away.
Figure 9 is a front end view, and Figure 10, a partial longitudinal
section on the same line as Figure 8, and shewing the parts omitted
therein.
A is the main frame of the machine supported upon legs B, B, only a
small portion of which are seen in Figure 8, said legs being made of
such a length as to bring the top of the machine into a convenient

page_text: working position. C and Clare tight and loose pulleys mounted upon the
shaft C2, having bearings in the stands D and D', and provided with the
worm C3, which meshes into and acts upon the worm wheel E firmly
secured to the outer end of the shaft E¹.
The shaft E' is mounted in bearings A', A', formed in the frame A, and
has secured thereon the triple cams F, F, and F², F and F¹ being edge or
side cams and counterparts of each other, but reversed. They are
employed to operate the levers G and G for moving the clamping
die a, a, shewn in dotted lines in Figures 7, 8, and 9, and in detail at X.
The levers G and G' are pivoted to the frame A at b, b, and have pivoted
to their rear ends the saddles G² carrying the trucks G³, and arranged to
be adjusted by the set screws c, c.
The cam F is a scroll face cam for
feeding the drill d to the work by moving the drill spindle H endwise
while it is being revolved at a high speed.
The spindle H is mounted in bearings A³, A2, formed in the cross ties
of the frame A, and is provided with the pulley H', by which and a belt
leading from a countershaft over head (not shown in the Drawings), said
spindle is made to revolve. In the forward end of the spindle H is
fitted a split bushing H, which holds the drill d. The rear end of the
spiudle H is provided with a collar H³, between which and the rear
bearing A² said spindle is embraced by the arm H4, wherein it freely
revolves, while the arm is kept from revolving by the rod I', which passes
through its upper end and through an ear upon the cap of the rear spindle
bearing A².
I is a yoke or stand provided with the spindle I2 fitted to a hole in the
centre of the rear end of the drill spindle H, and with the rod I¹ passing
through the arm H and through the cap of the rear spindle bearing A,
which effectually keeps the yoke I from being revolved by the friction of
the spindle H, and holds it in the proper position to keep the axis of the
truck 13 mounted therein parallel with the axis of the cam F², which acts
upon it to feed the drill spindle forward. J is a counterweight pivoted on
the shaft J, and provided with the arm J³ connected by the wire rod J³
with the upper end of the arm H', the purpose of which is to hold
the truck 13 against the cam F2, and draw the drill spindle back after
it has been fed forward by said cam.
The dies a, a, are fitted to move in slides e, e, on the front of the
removable cross tie K, and are provided with the projecting ears a',

page_text: which fit into forks in the front ends of the levers G and G', openings
being formed through the tie K for the passage of the front ends of said
levers in an obvious manner. L is a face cam secured to the outer end
of the cam shaft E, and arranged to impart a vibratory motion to the
lever L¹, whose moveable end is connected by the rod L² to the lever M,
mounted loosely upon the shaft N which turns in the bearings N',N¹. To
the arm M' of the lever M is pivoted the pawl O arranged to engage
with the teeth of the ratchet wheel O' secured firmly to the shaft N, and
thereby cause said shaft to be intermittently rotated.
Upon the shaft N in the centre between its bearings and directly in a
line with the axis of the drill spindle is firmly secured the disc wheel P,
the outer edge of which is made of a thickness equal to the diameter of
the body of the rivet to be drilled, and has formed therein a series of
slits or pockets e¹, e¹, of a form corresponding to the outline of the rivet,
As seen in elevation. P and P are two shields arranged one upon either
side of the wheel P, enclosing about half of said wheel between them,
and held in a fixed position by being bolted to the front of the cross
tie K.
Qis a detent wheel secured firmly to the shaft N, and having formed
in its periphery as many detent notches as there are pockets in the
wheel P. Qis a detent spring arranged to snap into the detents in the
wheel Q, and thereby correct any inaccuracy in the motion of the
wheel P, and cause the pockets therein to register accurately with the
axis of the drill.
R is a hopper made in two parts hinged together at f, and secured in
position by the screw fin such a manner that the angle of the bottom
of one part may be varied with relation to the bottom of the other part.
The main portion of the hopper R is secured firmly to the lever or
arın R¹ made in two parts secured to the shaft R2, a distance apart equal
to the diameter of the body of the rivet so as to form space between the
two parts to receive the shanks of the rivets as they drop through a
corresponding slot in the bottom of the box. The lower ends of the two
parts of the arm R' are enlarged into semicircular discs, around whose
inner peripheral corners a small rabbet is cut, as indicated by the line
9, 9, the rabbets forming a bearing for the head of the rivet as and
after it leaves the hopper.

page_text: R³ is a stationary inclined chute having a T shaped groove formed
in its upper side, the bottom of which is arranged tangentially to the
periphery of the disc portions of the arm R', while the bottom of said
groove at its lower end is on a level with the bottom of the pockets in
The bottom portion of the inclined chute R³ is extended
upward in a curved form around the periphery of the disc portions of
the wheel P.
the arm R'.
S is a lever secured to the end of the shaft R2 and connected by the
rod S with the arm M2 of the lever M, by means of which the said
shaft is made to partially rotate about its axis in the bearings T of the
stand T, thus causing the hopper to be so tilted as to cause the rivets.
contained therein to roll or slide alternately from one end of the hopper
to the other.
U is a plunger having its bearing in the stand U', and made to
reciprocate therein by the action of the lever U2 pivoted to the frame
ath, and acted upon by the pin i set in the lever G¹, the office of the
said plunger being to feed the bottom rivet in the inclined chute into
the upper pocket in the wheel P; V is a similar plunger having its
bearing in the stand V₁ and operated by the lever V2 pivoted to the
under side of the frame A at j and acted upon by a stud set in the
lever G at k.
W is an oil tank from which the discharge pipe W' conveys the oil to
the drill, the supply of oil being controlled by the cock W. The oil
after serving to lubricate the drill drops into a tank placed below the
drill and is pumped up by the pump which is bolted to the side of the
frame A and whose plunger is moved by the crank pin set in the side
of the disc m secured to the end of the shaft C³, the oil being again
discharged into the tank W through the pipe .
The operation of this machine is as follows:-The solid rivets being
placed in the hopper in bulk the machine is set in motion, and at every
revolution of the shaft E the hopper will be tilted from its position, as
seen in Figure 10, to a corresponding angle below a horizontal line and
back again, the rivets in the meantime rolling or sliding from end to
end of the hopper, some of them dropping into the slot in the bottom of
the hopper and hanging by their heads. As the hopper is raised they
slide down the inclined chute around the curve of the disc portions of
the hopper supporting arm and down the lower inclined chute, at the

page_text: bottom of which the first rivet is deposited, standing on its head in front
of the plunger U which is now moved forward, carrying the rivet in
front of it into the upper pocket in the wheel P, where it is left as the
plunger recedes, and allows the next rivet to descend in front of it. At
this point the wheel P is made to revolve in the direction of the arrow
in Figure S, a distance equal to the distance between two contiguous
pockets, where it remains stationary till another rivet is fed into the
next pocket by the plunger U, when the wheel P is again moved in the
same direction an equal distance, then the first rivet is brought into
position to be seized by the clamping dies as they are brought together
by the levers G and G₁ acted upon by the cams F and F; then the scroll
cam F acting upon the rear end of the spindle H feeds it forward until
the rivet shank is drilled out to a sufficient depth, which is gauged by
varying the length of the drill. When the scroll of the cam F2 has
passed the truck I³ the spindle is drawn back by the action of the
weight J, and the clamping dies are opened by the action of the spring $2
acting upon the long arms of the levers G and G¹ to draw them toward
each other. At the next revolution of the cam shaft another rivet
having been fed into the third pocket in the wheel the wheel is rotated
and the second rivet is seized by the dies, and at the same time a rivet.
is fed into the fourth pocket, the second rivet is drilled, the drill recedes,
the clamping dies are opened, and at the same time the plunger U
recedes. The next motion of the wheel P carries the first rivet stil in
its pocket into a position directly under where it was received into the
wheel and in front of the plunger V by which it is knocked out of the
pocket, when the clamping dies again close up on a rivet. This operation
may be continued indefinitely provided the rivets are supplied to the
hopper, there being one rivet drilled, one fed into the wheel, and one fed
out at each revolution of the shaft E, four rivets being in the wheel all
the time.
The fourth part of this Invention relates to the manner of setting the
tubular rivets, and it consists in forcing the rivet through the material
to be riveted without previous punching, the rivet cutting its own way,
the material whether leather, cloth, paper, or the like being placed on a
solid anvil or heading die, and the core cut out being forced into the
hollow of the tube, and the thin end of the tube being turned over upon
the material. This part of the said Invention is illustrated in Figure 19,
is the material; a. the rivet head; b, the shank of the rivet;
in which

page_text: d', the core cut from the material and forced into the interior of the tubular
shank of the rivet; and e, the secondary head, formed by turning the end
of the tube over up the material.
The fifth part of the said Invention relates to a machine for setting the
rivets, and it consists, first, in the use in a machine for setting rivets in
leather, cloth, paper, or other flexible material of a hopper into which the
rivets are placed, and which is provided with a slot through its bottom
extending longitudinally from one-half to two-thirds of the length of the
box, and pivoted to the upper end of an inclined chute, and arranged to
agitate the rivets placed therein by being tilted or vibrated around the
said pivots so that the rivets will be caused to roll or slide alternately
from one end to the other end of the said box.
This part of the said Invention further consists in making the hopper in
two parts, hinged together and provided with means for adjustment,
whereby the angle of the bottoms of the two portions with relation to
each other may be varied at will.
It further consists in the combination with a hopper, an inclined chute,
and a reciprocating plunger for cutting off the lower rivet in such chute,
and moving it to the setting tools of a rivet receiver mounted upon and at
times moving with the setting plunger.
It also consists in providing said rivet receiver with a pair of springs
one upon either side, having their lower ends formed to present a flaring
opening to the entrance of the rivet the passage of which shall open
the said spring, and when the rivet is in position in line with the setting
plunger and clenching anvil, said springs will close upon the body of the
rivet and hold it in a perpendicular position until it is forced downward
into the material, when the head forces the springs open to allow the head
to pass.
Further, in the use of a pivotted cam wedge for operating the cut-off
plunger arranged to act upon said plunger when the operating bar or rod
is moved upward, and to fold into the said bar when it moves downward
past the plunger.
Further, in the employment of a clenching anvil made somewhat in the
form of the letter U turned upon its side for the purpose of setting rivets
in one or more thicknesses of material, without injury to another thickness
in the same line through which it is not desirable to have the rivets pass,
as for instance in securing loops to leather straps.

page_text: Figure 11 is a plan of this rivet setting machine; Figure 12 is a side
elevation; and Figure 13 is a front elevation of the same; Figure 14 is a
horizontal section on the line X, X, Figure 13.
Figure 15 is a vertical section of a portion of the machine on line y, y,
Figure 1.
Figure 16 is a section of the hopper on line 2, 2, Figure 11, and
Figure 17 is a vertical section of the rivet receiver on line z¹, z¹,
Figure 12.
A is the frame of the said machine upon which are supported all the
working parts of the machine except the treadle (not shown in the
Drawings) which is to be placed upon or near the floor while the machine
is to be set upon a bench some thirty inches high; B, B', is the hopper
made in two parts hinged together at a, the part B' being adjustable on
the part B and secured in position by the screw b, as described in con-
nection with the rivet drilling machine. The hopper B, B', is hinged or
pivoted to the upper end of the inclined chute C which is secured to the
side of the frame A. The part B of the hopper has a longitudinal slot c
formed in its bottom, into which the body of the rivets drop as they are
shaken about and they slide down toward the pivoted end of the hopper,
hanging by their heads on the sides of the slots, and pass out of the hopper
into the chute C.
D is a lever for operating the heading plunger pivoted to the frame A
at d, and connected by the link E to the operating bar F, and by the
link G to the hopper B, B¹. The heading plunger H is fitted to suitable
bearings on the frame A and is provided with the collar 6, between which
and the lower bearing is the spiral spring f which serves to hold the
plunger up against the lever D.
I is a rivet receiver fitted loosely to the lower end of the plunger H
and retained thereon by the pin 9 inserted in the plunger projecting
therefrom into the slot h in the receiver. This receiver is provided with
two spring clamps or rivet holders i, i, one upon either side, and attached
thereto at their upper ends and having their lower ends formed in cross
and vertical section, as shewn in Figures 14 and 17, so that forcing a
rivet into the receiver in a horizontal direction or out of it in a vertical
direction will open said springs, and when the rivet is in the receiver said
springs shall partially surround the body or shank of the rivet, and hold

page_text: in a vertical position, exactly in line with the axis of the plunger Ḥ and
the anvil J.
The lower end of the inclined chute C opens into a horizontal groove j
at right angles to the chute, the outer wall of which is provided with
the light curved spring k projecting into the groove ; in position to
prevent the lower rivet from being accidentally moved along the groove
toward the receiver before the feed plunger is moved forward, and thus
allow two rivets to get in front of the feed plunger at the same time.
If however this should ever occur the front rivet will be pushed out of
the receiver through the opening 1. The feed plunger H has a bearing
in the frame A and in the groovej, and is provided with the spring n to
move it one direction while it is moved in the opposite direction by the
wedge cam o as the operating bar F is moved upward.
The wedge cam o is pivoted at o' to the operating bar F, and as said
bar is moved downward till the wedge cam o strikes the end of the feed
plunger, the cam swing upwards and folds into a slot in said operating
bar and passes the feed plunger without moving it, and as soon as it has
passed the plunger it falls out again into position to act upon the
plunger when it is again moved upward. The lower end of the
operating bar F is to be connected by a rod to a treadle suitably
mounted near the floor, by which and a spring connected therewith the
rod or bar F is made to move up and down; its motion is transmitted
through the link G to the hopper, causing the same to vibrate about its
pivotal connection with the chute C, thereby agitating the rivets con-
tained in it, causing more or less of them to fall into the slot c and
slide down into the chute C at each upward movement of the
hopper.
It has been found that if a straight-bottomed hopper is used the rivets
that lie on their sides will roll down the inclined bottom and arrive at
the lower end sooner than the rivets hanging in the slot c will reach the
same point, and consequently it often happens that one or more of the
rivets lying upon their sides or heads will fall in front of the rivets in
the slot c and prevent their passing out of the hopper into the chute,
hence the reason for making the rear portion of the hopper at an angle to
the front portion, as herein-before described. With this arrangement,
when the bopper is moved downward the bulk of the rivets will roll to the
extreme rear end of the hopper beyond the end of the slot c, and when

page_text: it is moved upward again the eyelets contained in the slot c will slide
down to the lower end of the hopper and emerge into the chute C
before the rear portion of the hopper is raised to such an angle
that the rivets contained therein will roll down to the front end of the
hopper.
For certain kinds of work the anvil J is made in the form shewn in
Figure 15, with a slit p in the front side, so that one piece of the stock
may be inserted therein and thus be protected from injury by the blow
of the setting tools while a rivet is being set through the remaining
thicknesses, as, for example, in securing a loop to a leather strap, the loop
would be passed into the. slit 2 with the parts to be riveted above the
anvil J, when the riveting may be done with as great ease and
accuracy as in plain work and without injury to the loop.
The operation of this part of my Invention may be readily understood
without further explanation.
Having thus fully described the said Invention, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same,
I wish it understood that I claim,-
-
First. A rivet with a solid head and a tubular body or shank, the hollow
in which extends to or nearly to the head and provided with an annular
cutting edge, as above set forth.
Second. In a machine for making solid rivets, the combination of the
stationary die i, the movable die m, gauge pin k², and heading plunger G,
all arranged to operate as above described.
Third. The combination of feed rolls O, P, stationary die i, movable
die m, gauge pin f, and suitable means for imparting a reciprocating
motion to the die m, as above described and for the purpose specified.
Fourth. The combination of the die holder 12 carrying the die m
arranged to be reciprocated from a position in front of the die i to a
position in line with the heading die G, the register pins e and g,
arranged to work in connection with the hole n and ear n² of the die
holder I, to accurately locate the die m in its two positions, as above
described and for the purpose specified.
Fifth. The plunger k provided with the collar and conical
gauge pin k, and arranged to reciprocate in combination with the forked
plunger 1, arranged to lock the plunger k in position, and the heading

page_text: die G, all arranged to operate as above described and for the purpose
specified.
Sixth. The combination of the plungers and 1, the sliding cam
plate K, and the wedges L and L', secured to the wheel C, as above
described and for the purpose specified.
Seventh. The feed rolls O, P, wire guide stand R, bushing o, die i,
and movable die m, combined and arranged to operate as described and
for the purpose specified.
Eighth. The heading die G in combination with the adjusting screw d
and check nut d', as above described and for the purpose specified.
Ninth. In combination with the cross head F carrying the heading
die G and register pin e, and operated by the eccentric d' and eccen-
tric rod E, the plunger H carrying the gauge pin f and register ping,
and arranged to be reciprocated by the cam H', as above described and
for the purpose specified.
Tenth. The knock off plunger u in combination with the levers V
and V, spring v, and the dog Y, secured to the wheel C, as above
described and for the purpose specified.
Eleventh. The rivet drilling machine arranged to automatically
separate the rivets, feed them consecutively to a given position, clamp
them, drill out the shank or body to form a tube thereof, and discharge
the same from the machine, as above described.
Twelfth. In mechanism for separating rivets or eyelets and arranging
them in regular order in a uniform position, a hopper pivoted at or near
one end, and having one portion of the bottom arranged at an angle to
the other portion and provided with a slot arranged longitudinally in the
centre of the bottom of that portion next to the pivoted point around
which it vibrates, as above described.
Thirteenth. The hopper R secured to the arm R', with its lower end
semicircular in form, and concentric with the shaft upon which the
whole is mounted, and around which it vibrates in combination
with the inclined chute R³, as above described and for the purpose
specified.
Fourteenth. The disc wheel P provided with a series of pockets e';
and arranged to be intermittently rotated, as above described and for the
purpose specified.

page_text: Fifteenth. The shields Pi and P2 in combination with the wheel P
arranged as above described and for the purpose specified.
Sixteenth. The clamping dies a, a, in combination with the levers G
and G', side cams F, F', and spring S2, all arranged to operate as above
described for the purpose specified.
Seventeenth. The saddle G³ carrying the truck G³ and pivoted to the
lever G or G', and adjusted and held in position by the set screws c, c, as
above described and for the purpose specified.
Eighteenth. The yoke I carrying the truck Is and held in position by
the rod I, in combination with the spindle H and scroll cam F2, all'
arranged to operate as above described and for the purpose specified.
Nineteenth. The combination of the spindle H, arm H4, rod I,
rod J³, and counterweight J, as above described and for the purpose
specified.
Twentieth. In combination with the wheel P provided with a series of
pockets e¹, the detent wheel Q and spring Q', arranged to operate as above
described and for the purpose specified.
Twenty-first. The plunger U in combination with the chute R³ and
intermittently rotating wheel P, constructed and arranged to operate as
above described and for the purpose specified.
Twenty-second. The plunger V arranged to be reciprocated in combina-
tion with the intermittently rotating wheel P, as above described and for
the purpose specified.
Twenty-third. The method herein set forth of setting rivets in leather,
cloth, paper, or other flexible material, by forcing a tubular rivet having
a cutting edge through the material while resting on a solid die, the
rivet cutting its own path and forcing the core cut into the collar of the
tubular shank, and turning the end of the tube over upon the material to
form a secondary head, as herein described and as shown in Figure 19 of
the Drawings.
Twenty-fourth. In an apparatus for separating rivets or eyelets, and
arranging them in regular order and in uniform position, a hopper pivoted
at one end and arranged to be vibrated around its pivots when made in
two parts hinged together and arranged to be adjusted to vary the angle of

page_text: the bottom of one part with relation to the bottom of the other part, as
above described.
Twenty-fifth. The plunger H provided with the spring n and arranged
to be reciprocated in combination with the inclined chute C and pivoted
hopper B, B', arranged to operate as above described and for the purpose
specified.
Twenty-sixth. The rivet receiver I fitted loosely upon the setting plunger
H', and held in position thereon and raised by the pin g moving in the
sloth and provided with the springs i, i, constructed and arranged as above
described and for the purpose specified.
Twenty-seventh. The spring k, constructed and arranged to operate as
above described and for the purpose specified.
Twenty-eighth. The wedge cam o pivoted to the rod F at o¹, and
arranged to fold into a slot in combination with the plunger H and
spring n, all arranged to operate as above described and for the purpose
specified.
Twenty-ninth. The clenching anvil J provided with the slit p, as above
described and as shown in Figure 15 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of July, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.";