IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN WEAVING
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Hutchinson, and James Hollingworth, of
Dobcross, Saddleworth, in the County of York, Machine Makers, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
WEAVING."
Sealed the 22nd April 1864, and dated the 27th October 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Hutchinson and
James Hollingworth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 27th October 1863.
WO, JOHN HUTCHINSON and JAMES HOLLINGWORTH, of Dobcross, Saddleworth,
in the County of York, Machine Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
WEAVING," to be as follows:-
. The improvements have reference to looms in which series of shuttles are
used in order that weft threads of different kinds or weft threads of different
colours may be employed in the weaving of the same fabric, and they have
for their object to enable the attendant when any weft thread breaks to readily
adjust the jacquard cards or series of chains or other pattern surface to the
pick of weft desired next to be produced. For this purpose each set or
division of the series of plates, or links, or cards; or other pattern surface
employed to effect the desired selection of the respective shuttles is marked in
colour or by number or otherwise to indicate the particular colour or character
of weft to be brought into operation by such series, and in addition to such
indications of colour or character of weft to be so operated by the several sets

page_text: or divisions of the series of pattern surface, those of each set or division will
be numbered or lettered to indicate their order of succession, by which means,
supposing the colour of weft in operation at any particular time to be red, and
red colour is applied to each of the parts of the series or division of the
pattern surfaces employed to bring that weft into operation, and that numbers
indicate the order of succession of the parts of the respective sets or divisions
of pattern surfaces, then on that red weft breaking the attendant will first
ascertain how many picks of that weft have been last thrown into the fabric,
and supposing it to have been two, then whatever may be the number of
pattern surface he may find in position, he will know that he must turn back
those surfaces until No. 3 of the red pattern surfaces is in position to act
next, and so on in relation to other colours. In place of the colours and
numbers or other indications being applied to the pattern surfaces operating for
selection of shuttles we prefer to apply them separately yet so as to work in
unison with such pattern surfaces.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Hutchinson and James Hollingworth in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 27th April 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
HUTCHINSON and JAMES HOLLINGWORTH, of Dobcross, Saddleworth, in the
County of York, Machine Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year
of Her reign; did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said John Hutchinson and James Hollingworth, Her special licence
that we, the said John Hutchinson and James Hollingworth, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Hutchinson
and James Hollingworth, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN WEAVING," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said John Hutchinson and James Hollingworth,

page_text: our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or
their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the John Hutchinson and James Hollingworth,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The improvements have reference to looms in which series of shuttles are
used in order that weft threads of different kinds or weft threads of different
colors may be employed in the weaving of the same fabric, and they have for
their object to enable the attendant when any weft thread breaks to readily
adjust the jacquard cards or series of chains or other pattern surfaces to the
pick of weft desired next to be produced. For this purpose each set or
division of the series of plates, or links, or cards, or other pattern surface
employed to effect the desired selection of the respective shuttles is marked
in color, or by number, or otherwise, to indicate the particular color or
character of weft to be brought into operation by such series, and in addition to
such indications of color or character of weft to be so operated by the several
sets or divisions of the series of pattern surface, those of each set or division will
be numbered or lettered to indicate their order of succession, by which means,
supposing the color of weft in operation at any particular time to be red, and red
color is applied to each of the parts of the series or divisions of the pattern
surfaces employed to bring that weft into operation, and that numbers indicate the
order of succession of the parts of the respective sets or divisions of pattern
surfaces, then on that red weft breaking the attendant will first ascertain how
many picks of that weft have been last thrown into the fabric, and supposing
it to have been two, then whatever may be the number of pattern surface he
may find in position, he will know that he must turn back those surfaces until
No. 3 of the red pattern surfaces is in position to act next, and so on in relation
to other colors. In place of the colors and numbers or other indications
being applied to the pattern surfaces operating for the selection of shuttles we
prefer to apply them separately yet so as to work in unison with such pattern
surfaces.
But that our improvements may be better understood we will, by the aid
of the accompanying Drawings, proceed to describe means by which we carry
the same into effect.

page_text: Figure 1 shows part of the front view of a loom with our improvements
applied; Figure 2 is a section of some of the parts shown by Figure 1;
Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, show some of the parts on a larger scale. In each
of the views the same letters are employed to indicate corresponding parts
wherever they occur.
a, a, indicates a portion of the main framing of the loom; a' is one of the
top rails aiding to support the jacquard apparatus 6, or that for operating
upon the warp threads to open them into sheds in the order desired; c is the
axis of the jacquard or pattern cylinder of this apparatus 6, and it has motion
given to it by star and peg wheels from the axis d, by means of the bevilled
pinion e, on that axis taking into the teeth of the bevilled wheel f, on the
axis g of the peg wheel g¹; h is the axis of the jacquard or other pattern
surface employed to give motion to the series of shuttle boxes. But as means
of giving motion to series of shuttle boxes forms no part of our present
improvements, and various methods for giving such motion are well understood,
we have not though it necessary to particularize any such motion here. The
axis h has affixed on it the star wheel h¹, which is held and driven by the peg
wheel i on the axis d. This peg wheel also acts upon a star wheel k, carried
by and capable of turning on the fixed stud 1, from the bracket l. Upon the
star wheel k is also fixed or formed the wheel k¹, carrying the series or chain
of plates or links m (some of which are shown full size at Figures 6 and 7);
n is a pin which acts to hold the wheels k and k¹ on the stud A, and this pin
also acts as a pointer to point to the particular link of the series of plates m,
which is for the time opposite to it, and which corresponds with the weft
thread due to be thrown into a shed at the time.
We have only indicated these methods of imparting motion simultaneously
to the jacquard or pattern apparatus employed for operating the shedding and
the movements of the shuttle boxes in order to illustrate our improvements.
We would however remark that the method employed may be varied, our object
being in any case to bring up a fresh link m or other indicating means employed
to correspond with the pick of weft due to the particular operation for the time
of the jacquard or other pattern surface or surfaces employed to operate the
warps and the series of shuttle boxes. The means of indicating the respective
links may be greatly varied, but as shown the links m are each marked with a
different and consecutive number; the number of links employed in the series
will correspond with the number of picks of weft in a pattern or in two or
more repeats of a pattern. Supposing, then, numbering to be adopted as the

page_text: indicating means on these links, then the attendant will have to observe the
picks of weft of the various colors employed.as corresponding with certain
numbers of the respective links, and in the event of breakage of any one of
those wefts, and the loom proceeding for a time before being stopped, then by
comparing the number of wefts of the particular color last thrown in with the
number of the link m, opposite the pointer n, he will ascertain the number
that should have been thrown in, but which have been missed, and may by
turning back the shaft d till the pointer n points to the link due to the pick next
to be thrown in, bring the parts for operating the shedding into proper relation
to the picking motions. According to the arrangement shown this turning back
of the axis d is effected after stopping the loom by first operating the handle o,
in order that both of the pinions o¹, o¹, on the shaft d may be free of the clutch
box o, when the axis d may be turned freely in those wheels o¹, o¹, and then by
turning the handle wheel 9 on the axis q', upon which is affixed the pinion q³,
taking into the pinion e, the desired back motion may be obtained to the
axis d and parts driven thereby. In addition to or in substitution of numbering,
colors or other signs may be applied to the respective links corresponding
with the color or character of weft for the time due to be selected. In place
of the links or chains with the indications on them being applied to a separate
wheel acting simultaneously with the jacquard or pattern surface employed
the wheel carrying the indicating links may be applied to the axis of the
jacquard apparatus or to one of them, or the indications may be applied to
the links or pattern surface employed.
Having thus described our improvements and means which we adopt in
carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that we do not
claim the various parts separately considered, nor do we confine ourselves to
the precise details shown and described, as these may be varied without
departing from the peculiar character of our improvements.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Hutchinson and James Hollingworth,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-fifth day of April, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
JOHN HUTCHINSON.
(L.S.)
JAMES HOLLINGWORTH. (L.B.)