THE TREAT- MENT OF GLUTEN IN ORDER TO MANUFACTURE A SUBSTANCE TO BE EMPLOYED IN PRINTING FABRICS AND OTHER INDUSTRIAL USES IN SUBSTITUTION FOR ALBUMEN
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "THE TREAT-
MENT OF GLUTEN IN ORDER TO MANUFACTURE A SUBSTANCE TO BE EMPLOYED
IN PRINTING FABRICS AND OTHER INDUSTRIAL USES IN SUBSTITUTION FOR
ALBUMEN." A communication from abroad by Lies Bodard, of Strasbourg,
France.
Sealed the 15th January 1861, and dated the 18th July 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th July 1860.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE
TREATMENT OF GLUTEN IN ORDER TO MANUFACTURE A SUBSTANCE TO BE EMPLOYED
IN PRINTING FABRICS AND OTHER IUDUSTRIAL USES IN SUBSTITUTION FOR ALBUMEN,'
(communicated to me from abroad by Lies Bodard, of Strasbourg, France,)
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is the preparation of dry neutralised gluten,
which the Inventor denominates lucine, and intends as a substitute for albumen
in all its industrial uses. The treatment of the gluten to obtain "lucine," com-
prises the following series of operations; 1st, dissolving gluten in sucrate of
lime (sucrate de chaux,) or other salt producing the same effect; 2nd, an
operation for transforming into an insoluble product the solvent, and for pre-

page_text: cipitating upon textile fibres a metallic oxide; 3rd, neutralisation of the
gluten; 4th, desiccation of the neutralised gluten in order to insure its
preservation without deterioration.
By way of example I proceed to shew how the Invention is carried into
effect and must premise that the duration of each operation, as well as the pro-
portions herein-after set forth may vary with the temperature of the atmosphere
and the colors and fabrics with which the lucine is to be used. I expose, say,
forty pounds of fresh gluten to the air for a time sufficient to render it plastic;
arrived at this state I free it by successive washings of the acids it contains,
and spread it in thin layers on vitreous or metallic surfaces, I afterwards dry
it in the air or in a stove, but always at a temperature of about 100° Fahrenheit.
When perfectly dried it is gathered up and preserved out of contact with
the atmosphere. It will be found in the state of thin flakes, brilliant, trans-
lucid, and of a pale yellow color. The forty pounds of fresh gluten will produco
about ten pounds of dry gluten. Before using this product it must be allowed
to swell for some hours in water. I skim off or otherwise remove the super-
natant water, work the "stuff" with a spatula, and wash it in several waters;
from this treatment the gluten will absorb its weight of water. I then diluto
it with an equal weight of a liquor composed of one part of sucrate of lime
and four parts of water (the sucrate of lime should be that prepared according
to the formula of Gerhardt). The gluten is thus made fluid and homo-
geneous.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 18th January 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and

page_text: at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"THE TREATMENT OF GLUTEN IN ORDER TO MANUFACTURE & SUBSTANCE TO BE
EMPLOYED IN PRINTING FABRICS AND OTHER INDUSTRIAL USES IN SUBSTITUTION
POR ALBUMEN," (a communication from abroad by Lies Bodard, of Strasbourg,
France), upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under his, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof (that is to say):-
The object of this Invention is the preparation of dry neutralised gluten
which the Inventor denominates lucine and intends as a substitute for albumen
in all its industrial uses. The treatment of the gluten to obtain "lucine," com-
prises the following series of operations; first, dissolving gluten in sucrate
of lime (sucrate de chaux,) or other salt producing the same effect; second,
an operation for transforming into an insoluble product the solvent and for
precipitating upon textile fibres a metallic oxide; third, neutralisation of the
gluten; fourth, desiccation of the neutralised gluten in order to insure its
preservation without deterioration.
с
By way of example I proceed to show how the Invention is carried into
effect, and must premise that the duration of each operation, as well as the
proportions herein-after set forth, may vary with the temperature of the atmo-
sphere and the colors and fabrics with which the lucine is to be used. I
expose, say, forty pounds of fresh gluten to the air for a time sufficient to
render it plastic; arrived at this state I free it by successive washings of the
acids it contains, and spread it in thin layers on vitreous or metallic surfaces.
I afterwards dry it in the air or in a stove but always at a temperature of about
100° Fahrenheit. When perfectly dried it is gathered up and preserved out
of contact with the atmosphere. It will be found in the state of thin flakes,
brilliant, translucid, and of a pale yellow color. The forty pounds of fresh
gluten will produce about ten pounds of dry gluten.
it must be allowed to swell for some hours in water. I skim off or otherwise
Before using this product

page_text: remove the supernatant water, work the stuff with a' spatula, and wash it in
several waters; from this treatment the gluten will absorb its weight of water.
I then dilute it with an equal weight of a liquor composed of one part of
sucrate of lime and four parts of water (the sucrate of lime should be that
prepared according to the formula of Gerhardt). The gluten is thus made
fluid and homogeneous.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-.
First, dissolving gluten in sucrate of lime (sucrate de chaux), or other salt
producing the same effect, as herein-before described.
Second, the operation for transforming into an insoluble product the solvent
used and serving also to precipitate upon the textile fibres a metallic oxide, all
as herein-before describ d.
Third, neutralizing the gluten as herein-before described.
Fourth, desiccating the neutralized gluten in order to preserve it without
deterioration of its properties, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of January, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-one.