IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS
Year: 1886

page_text: We JOHN DEWRANCE and GEORGE HENRY WALL both of 158 Great Dover
Street Lambeth in the county of Surrey, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature
of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS, to be as follows:-
In a Patent granted to one of us No 3922. of 1877, is claimed "the construction
of cocks having the packing surrounding the passages in such a manner that the
inner end of the plug abuts on and compresses the portion of the packing contained'
in the bottom of the plug cavity substantially as described."
In all cases the plug is described as parallel so that the plug and shell could
never be jammed metal to metal.
The object of this invention is the construction of a cock with only one open end
and a taper plug.
To prevent the plug and shell being jammed metal to metal, we pack the grooves
of the cock with a fibrous packing capable of resisting the pressure put upon the
plug by the gland, such a packing is described in Patent No 4282. of 1883.
The packing between the end of the plug and the bottom of the cavity in the
shell is arranged so as to be sufficiently compressed when the plug is in its proper
position and the elasticity or regulation of this packing allows the plug to be
pressed more or less tightly on to the more rigid packing in the grooves according
to the amount of the fluid pressure the cock has to resist, the plug need not
therefore be harder. to turn than is absolutely necessary.

page_text: We JOHN DEWRANCE and. GEORGE HENRY WALL, both of 158 Great Dover
Street, Lambeth in the county of Surrey Engineers, do hereby declare the nature
of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN Cocks, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
In a patent granted to one of us, No 3922 of 1877, is claimed "the construction
of cocks having the packing surrounding the passages in such a manner, that the
inner end of the plug abuts on and compresses the portion of the packing contained
in the bottom of the plug cavity, substantially as described."
In all cases the plug is described as parallel so that the plug and shell could
never be jammed metal to metal.
The object of this invention is the construction of a cock with only one open
end, and a taper plug. To prevent the plug and shell being jammed metal to
metal, we pack the grooves of the cock with a fibrous packing capable of resisting
the pressure put upon the plug by the gland, such a packing is described in the
specification of Patent No 4282 of 1883.
The packing between the end of the plug and the bottom of the cavity in the
shell, is arranged so as to be sufficiently compressed when the plug is in its proper
position, and the elasticity or regulation of this packing allows the plug to be
pressed more or less tightly on to the more rigid packing in the grooves, according
to the amount of the fluid pressure the cock has to resist, the plug need not
therefore be barder to turn than is absolutely necessary.
Fig. 1. of the accompanying drawing is a sectional elevation, and Fig. 2 a
sectional plan of a cock constructed according to our invention. A is the shell or
body; B the plug, C the gland and D a loose ferrule which forms a circular cavity
for the packing F in the bottom of the shell, this ferrule is not necessary in small
sized cocks. E, E are grooves which extend from the ring of packing F in the
bottom of the shell to the ring of packing G at the upper end of the shell and are
shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 1. These grooves E, E, are packed with a fibrous
packing capable of resisting the pressure put upon the plug by the gland C; the
packing we prefer to use, is asbestos fibre cemented with vulcanized india-rubber;
other gums, resins, or cements may be used, but we prefer india-rubber because it
vulcanizes. In any case the cementing substance is dissolved in some suitable
solvent, which is afterwards evaporated leaving the cementing substance as a
coating to the fibres of the asbestos.
When thoroughly dry the coated asbestos is caulked into the grooves E, E, and
the cock is then subjected to sufficient beat to fuse the coating and cement the
fibres of the asbestos and also to vulcanize the india-rubber, or harden the gum or
cement used.

page_text: The asbestos or other packing at the inner end of the plug cavity, and the ring
of packing G need not be cemented, as the asbestos alone is more elastic, and a
certain amount of elasticity is necessary in these rings to take up the end movement
of the plug when it is adjusted by the gland.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
I claim is
The construction and use of a solid bottom cock, having packing in the grooves,
which is sufficiently rigid to support a taper plug substantially as described.
Dated thin 14th 1.
1000
JOHN DEWRANCE.
GEORGE HENRY WALL.