IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR OPENING AND SCRIBBLING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE TOOLS EMPLOYED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF INSERTED TOOTHED WIRE ROLLERS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Garnett, of Cleckheaton, in the County of
York, Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES
FOR OPENING AND SCRIBBLING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE TOOLS
EMPLOYED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF INSERTED TOOTHED WIRE ROLLERS."
Sealed the 2nd May 1865, and dated the 23rd November 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Garnett at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd November 1864.
I, PETER GARNETT, of Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Machine
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINES FOR OPENING AND SCRIBBLING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN
THE TOOLS EMPLOYED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF INSERTED TOOTHED WIRE ROLLERS,"
to be as follows: _.
My improvements consist in the application of two or more fancy rollers
to the main cylinder of the machines for opening and scribbing commonly
called "Garnett's waste openers" and "Garnett's wool scribblers," originally
patented by David Christie, Seventh day of November 1850, No. 13,325;
and in applying a stripper to each fancy roller and two or more sets of
workers to the main cylinder, a licker-in and doffer are also applied to the
main cylinder to supply and remove the fibrous substances. The main
cylinder and all the rollers of the machine are clothed with inserted toothed
wire; and in order to reduce the cost of grooving and clothing the said

page_text: rollers, I make use of the following improved tools. In grooving and clothing
the cylinders, instead of employing a large and expensive lathe, I support the
axle of the cylinder in bearings in a frame furnished with two or more beds
and slide rests, having cutting tools placed at opposite points of the circum-
ference; by this means the grooves for the inserted toothed wire are cut by
two or more tools at the same time.
In constructing the small rollers employed in the machines, above described,
and in any other machine where inserted toothed wire rollers are employed, I
apply two or more cutting tools acting on opposite points of the circumference
to the lathe or other tool in which the grooves are being cut.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Peter Garnett in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th May 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
GARNETT, of Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Machine Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Peter Garnett, Her special license that I, the said
Peter Garnett, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Peter Garnett, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINES FOR OPENING AND SCRIBBLING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN
THE TOOLS EMPLOYED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF INSERTED TOOTHED WIRE ROLLERS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Peter Garnett, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Garnett, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):―
The nature of my Invention consists in the application of two or more fancy
rollers to the main cylinder of the machines for opening and scribbling,
commonly called "Garnett's waste opener" and "Garnett's wool scribbler,"
and in applying a stripper to each fancy roller and two or more sets of
workers to the main cylinder, a licker-in and doffer are also applied to the
main cylinder to supply and remove the fibrous substances. The main
cylinder and all the rollers of the machine are clothed with toothed wire, and
in order to reduce the cost of grooving and clothing the said rollers, I make
use of the following improved tools. In grooving and clothing the cylinders,
instead of employing a large and expensive lathe, I support the axle of the
cylinder in bearings in a frame furnished with two or more beds and slide
rests, having cutting tools placed at opposite points of the circumference; by
this means the grooves for the inserted toothed wire are cut by two or more
tools at the same time.
In constructing the small rollers employed in the machines, above described,
and in any other machine where inserted toothed wire rollers are employed,
I apply two or more cutting tools acting on opposite points of the circum-
ference to the lathe or other tool in which the grooves are being cut.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, reference being had to the figures, letters, and arrows marked
thereon.
Figure 1 represents an elevation, and Figure 2 a plan of my improved
machine for opening and scribbling fibrous substances.
a is the feeding apron; b, b, the fluted feed rollers; 6', 6', the second feed
rollers; c, the licker-in; c¹, a roller for stripping the lower feed roller b¹;
d, the main cylinder, and e the doffer; these parts of the machine are made
in the same manner as in the machines commonly called "Garnett's" waste
opener" and "Garnett's wool scribbler."
My present improvements consist in applying to the mam cylinder d two
or more fancy rollers f, and applying a stripper 9 to each fancy roller; I also
apply two or more sets of workers h to the main cylinder. The main cylinder
and all the rollers of the machine, except the fluted rollers b, are clothed with
toothed wire. The fibrous substances to be operated upon are effectually
opened and cleaned in passing through the machine, and they are stripped

page_text: off the doffer e by a comb e', as in carding engines of the ordinary con-
struction.
I wish to remark here, that although I have shewn a machine with three
fancy rollers f, I do not confine myself to that number, as more or less may
be employed, and in like manner I do not limit myself to the number of
workers h; the number of fancy rollers and workers depends partly on the
diameter of the main cylinder and partly on the quality of the fibrous sub-
stances to be opened and scribbled.
Figure 8 is an elevation, and Figure 4 a plan of my improved tool to be
employed in the construction of toothed wire rollers. d represents a main
cylinder similar to that required for the machine, shewn in Figures 1 and 2,
or any other large cylinder in which grooves have to be cut for the insertion
of toothed wire. The axle of the cylinder is supported in the bearings i fixed
to or cast with the side frames j; to these side frames are fixed the beds k
and slide rests 7, each of which is furnished with a cutting tool m; these tools
are placed at opposite points of the circumference of the cylinder, and they
are traversed along the cylinder so as to cut spiral grooves for the insertion of
the wire by the screws n, which are driven by the wheel d¹ on the axle of the
cylinder d, and by the wheels and pinions shewn in the Drawing, or by any
other convenient arrangement of gearing, or by pulleys and straps. The
main cylinder is turned slowly round by the driving pulley o and the train of
pinions and wheels shewn. In some cases more than two beds with slide rests
and cutting tools may be employed to operate upon the same cylinder.
This improved tool is less expensive than an ordinary lathe of large
dimensions, and it may be used for turning up the circumference of rollers
as well as for cutting the spiral grooves required in making toothed wire
rollers.
In constructing the small rollers employed in the machine, above described,
and in any other machine where inserted toothed wire rollers are employed, I
apply two or more cutting tools acting on opposite points of the circumference
to the lathe or other tool in which the grooves are being cut.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself
to the details given, but I claim,―
First, the application of two or more fancy rollers to the main cylinder of
machines for opening and scribbling fibrous substances, as described.
Secondly, the application of a stripper to fancy rollers, as described.
Thirdly, the application of two or more sets of workers to the main
cylinder, as described.

page_text: Fourthly, the general combination and arrangement of the parts forming
a machine for opening and scribbling cotton and other fibrous substances, and
clothing all the rollers thereof with toothed wire, as shewn and described.
Fifthly, the application of two or more cutting tools for cutting the grooves
in rollers for the insertion of toothed wire, as described.
And, lastly, the improved tool, shewn in Figures 3 and 4, for turning up
and cutting grooves in rollers, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Garnett, have hereto set my
hand and seal, the Seventeenth day of May, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-five.
PETER GARNETT. (L.S.)