A MACHINE, WITH THE APPARATUS THEREUNTO BELONGING, WHICH, BY FIRE, WATER, AIR, AND STEAM, WILL PURIFY FOSSIL COAL, EXTRACT METALS FROM THEIR ORES, AND COLLECT THEIR ORES, AND COLLECT THEIR PARTICLES WHEN VOLATILIZED BY. HEAT
Year: 1773

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BARBER, of Stainsby House, in the County of Derby, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS I, the said John Barber, did, by my Petition, humbly represent
to His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, that, after
much application and expence, I had invented and brought to perfection
"A MACHINE, WITH THE APPARATUS THEREUNTO BELONGING, WHICH, BY FIRE, WATER,
AIR, AND STEAM, WILL PURIFY FOSSIL COAL, EXTRACT METALS FROM THEIR ORES,
AND COLLECT THEIR ORES, AND COLLECT THEIR PARTICLES WHEN VOLATILIZED BY.
HEAT;" wherefore, in regard I was the first and true Inventor thereof, and that
the same had never been made by any other person or persons, I therefore
most humbly prayed His said Majesty to grant unto me, the said John
Barber, my executors, admors, and assigns, His Royal Letters Patent for the
sole use and benefit of my said Invention, within that part of His said
Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His Dominion of Wales,
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, for the term of fourteen years, according to
the Statute in that case made and provided; His said Majesty, being willing
to give encouragement to all arts and invention's which might be for the public
good, was graciously pleased to condescend to my request, and therefore, by
His Royal Letters Patent, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-first day
of April, in the thirteenth year of His reign, of His especial grace, certain
knowledge, and mere motion, for Himself, His heirs, and successors, did give

page_text: and grant unto me, the said John Barber, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole priviledge, and authority, that I,
the said John Barber, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and every of
us, by myself and themselves, or by mine and their deputy or deputies,
servants, or agents, or such others as I, the said John Barber, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thenafter during the term of years therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend my said
Invention within that part of His said Kingdom of Great Britain called
England, His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such
manner as to me, the said John Barber, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or any of us, should in our discretions seem meet, and that I, the
said John Barber, my executors, adññors, and assigns, should and lawfully
might have and enjoy the whole profitt, comodity, and advantage from
time to time coming, growing, accruing, and arising by reason of the
said Invention, for and during the term of years therein mentioned; to have,
hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence, powers, priviledges, and advan-
tages therein-before granted or mentioned to be granted unto me, the said
John Barber, my executors, administrators, and assigns, for and during
and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the date of the said
Letters Patent next and immediately ensuing, and fully to be compleat and
ended, according to the Statute in that case made and provided; in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that if I, the said John Barber, should not
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing, under
my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within four calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent,
and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly
cease, determine, and become void, anything therein-before contained to the
contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding, as in and by the said Letters
Patent (relation being thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Barber, in compliance with the
said proviso, do hereby describe and ascertaine the nature of the aforesaid
Invention, and declare that the same is to be performed in manner fol-
lowing:-
A, A, A, A, represents the machine at work, in such a situation as requires
the aid of both wind and water to compleat and perform all its offices. 1, is a
pool of water supplied by a small brook. 2, a cistern receiving water from

page_text: the pool. 3, a valve moving on a centre pin, so as to admit or shut out the
water from the cistern into 4, an admission pipe joined to 5, the falling pipe,
at the bottom of which is also another valve 6, moving on its center as 3, to
hold in or let out water from 5. 7, the cylinder screwed upon the falling pipe
5, and communicating with its whole diameter, so as to admit the water entered
at 3 to rise up to the top of it when confined by 6. 8, the pistern with its
snifting clack C, which, being pressed by the atmosphere when the water sub-
sides by the opening of the lower clack 6 pulls down the end of 9, the working
beam, by means of 10, the chain fastened thereto, and consequently raises the
other end of the beam whereto it is fastned. 11, the heavy pistern working
within 12, the blowing cylinder, closed by a top with an hole in it, through
which the stem of the cistern 11 works. This cylinder has a valve at its upper
end, and also another at its lower end, to admit air into it, according to the
movement of the pistern. 13, 14, the air pipes, with each a valve therein to
work according to the motion of the pistern, which by rising pushes the air
above it thro' 13, and by falling thro' 14; both of which are united into 15,
the pipe conveying the blast into 16, 17, the furnace, which is covered at top
with 17, a large oblong boiler, under which the flame is conveyed along 18,
the flew or funnel, over 19, a cistern of cold water, thro' which it is occa-
sionally made to pass by letting down 20, the shuttle, which stops all passage
in the flew or funnell, excepting through the water in the cistern 19, which,
being deeper than the lower edge of 20, leaves space for the smoke to be drawn
thro' the water by a cylinder somewhat similar to 12, which is placed within
21, the tower, and worked by means of 22, the wind wheel or sail, furnished
with, 23, vanes, hung upon centers and regulated by 24, the ballance cords, which
being united at 25, the main shaft, are carried through a hole in the center
thereof, and hanging over a pulley within the tower, suspend a box of weights;
which, by being encreased or diminished, holds the vanes harder or slacker to
the wind, so as to make them receive always a just proportion of wind to the
power required of them. 26, a fly vane placed with its axis nearly square to
the main shaft. 27, a long beam fastned to 28, the moving roof, which, by
means of cogs and pinions wrought by the fly vanes, 26, is turned about
according as the wind changes, always presenting the front of the vanes wind-
ward. 29, 30, two steam pipes that convey all the steam raised in the boiler
17 through proper adjutages with great velocity into the furnace at stated
heighths above the air blast. 31, the door through which the fuels and ores are
cast into the furnace. 32, the pillar which supports the working beam 9; the
Y plug, hung to the beam 9, and working the Y irons, so as alternately to
open and shut the valves 3 and 6. 34, the outlet for discharging the scoria.

page_text: 35, the hole for running off the metall. To set the machine,at work, shut the
valve 6, and open the valve 3, untill all the pipes and cylinders be filled with
water; then shut 3 and open 6, that the water, by issuing thereout, may suffer
the atmosphere to preponderate the pistern 8 as low as the bottom of the
cylinder 7; then stop 6, and by opening 3, the water will again fill up the
cylinder, the pistern rising and discharging all superfluous air at the snifting
clack C. Thus having performed one stroke at this end of the beam 9, there
is of course a full stroke made in the blowing cylinder 12, by the heavy pistern
11, whereby a quantity of air, equal to the content of that cylinder, is forced
into the furnace 16, to agitate the fire and keep the whole mass of melted
matter in such fluid state as may suffer the metallic particles, to subside and be
divided from scoria. The fuel and also the ores to be fused are cast into the
furnace through an iron door 31, and the boiler 17 (being kept to a proper
fulness of water or urine, or water impregnated with volatile alkali, or such
other matter as may best act upon the minerals and fuel) is heated to such a
degree as to emit a copious stream of highly rarified steam through each of the
pipes 29 and 30, whereby the ignited matter is rent and divided, its arsenical,
sulphureous, and other noxious particles are expanded and volatilized, and;
together with some particles of metal enveloped therein, ride up in that current
of smoke and flame, which, impelled by the blasts of steam and wind thrown
into the furnace below, rush with great velocity on the flew or funnell 18 to the
water cistern 19, where, being stop from passing over the water by the
shuttle 20, it is drawn under it through the water (which is to be always
cold) by an exhauster, or a kind of air pump, made similarly to the blowing
cylinder 12, and so placed within the tower 21, as to have its inletting valves
admit and draw in their supply from the surface of the water cistern 19 on
that side of the shuttle 20 opposite to the furnace 16, by which means the
smoke is drawn through the water, and all rarified matter enveloped therein
is here condensed and recovered. The pistern of the exhauster is worked by
a crank from the wind wheel or sail 22, whose vanes or sailcloths 23 are
never folded up as in the common windmill, but kept at full breadth and hung
upon centers, so as they may turn with either an edge or side to the wind, and
are held to the proper weatherings by ballance cords 24, which, running down;
the arms of the wheel, are united at the main shaft 25, and then passing through
an hole in center thereof over a pulley within the tower, suspend a box of
weights, which being encreased or diminished, hold the vanes harder or slacker
to the wind, making them always receive a just proportion of wind to the
power required. The wind wheel is always held with his front to windward
by means of a fly vane 26, projected a considerable distance from the tower on.

page_text: a bean 27, fixed to the roof of the tower, (which is made to move and carry
round its wind wheel as a common tower windmill), and by means of cogs and
pinions moves the whole roof, so as to keep its own edge nearly facing the
wind; for as the wind changes and hits on its side, it instantly turns about and
works till it has brought its own edge to face the wind, and consequently the
front of the wind wheel 22 to a proper bearing.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Barber, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventh day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand seven hundred and seventy-three, and in the thirteenth
year of the reign of His said Majesty King George the Third, by
the grace of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender
of the Faith, and so forth.
LEECH.
ABR DENSTON.
AND BE IT REMEMBRED, that the Seventh day of August, in the year
above written, the said John Barber came before the said Lord the King in
His Chancery, and acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every
thing therein contained and specified, in form above written. And also the
Instrument aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the Statute made
in the sixth year of the reign of the late King and Queen William and Mary
of England, and so forth.
Inrolled the Fourteenth day of August, in the year above written.