matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FEEDING POULTRY
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office of
the, Commissioners of Patents on the 18th February 1879. [A communication
from abroad by Louis Ernest Roullier-Arnoult, of Paris, France.]
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lako, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FEEDING
POULTRY." [A communication from abroad by Louis Ernest Rouillier-Arnoult, of
Paris, France.]
This Invention relates to an improved apparatus for feeding or cramming poultry
of all kinds, and by means of which any number of birds may be fattened under
conditions highly favorable to the rapid and profitable development of the same.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I provide a cylinder, into which the
the food is placed in a liquid state to be afterwards introduced into the bird's
stomach through a tube of suitable diameter which is at the lower part of the said
cylinder, and which is to be inserted in the bird's gullet. This tube is provided
with a cock, which is operated by a chain attached to a pedal, which chain passes
around a pulley. On opening the cock the food passes through the tube. An
elastic cord or band passes over the said pulley in a contrary direction, and being
fixed thereto pulls it back when the said pedal is relieved from pressure, thus closing
the cock. The said cylinder is supported upon a table with legs, and to the afore-
said pedal another chain is fastened, which is attached by its opposite end to one
end of a lever, to which at about the centre thereof the rod of a compressing piston
is secured, this piston working in the aforesaid cylinder to compress the food. This
lever passes through slots in two uprights fixed to the table, and which form guides
for the lever. To the opposite end of the latter a spiral spring is fastened, which
draws down this end of the lever when pressure is removed from the said pedal,
thus causing the piston to be raised. A board is placed between the legs of the
table and under the cylinder to form a support for the bird, and thus facilitate the
operation of feeding. A receptacle is also provided to receive any particles of
matter that may fall or drip.
When pressure is removed from the pedal all the parts resume their normal
position.
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Onyas Pickles at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th August 1879.
ONYAS PICKLES, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster.
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention relates to the "taking-up" mechanism of looms, or that portion
connected with the movement of the cloth beam or roller.
My improvements consist in dispensing with most of the train of gear and catch
wheels hitherto employed, and imparting motion to the cloth beam by means of a
worm fixed upon either the crank or the low shaft of the loom. The motion of the
worm is communicated to a worm wheel mounted on one end of a shaft, the other
end of which carries another worm which drives the cloth beam by means of a
pinion fixed on the end thereof.
The shaft for transmitting the motion of the crank or low shaft to the cloth beam
carries a clutch-box, one half of which is loose upon the shaft, and fast to the worm
wheel, and the other half capable of sliding upon a key or feather in the said
shaft.
The halves of the clutch box are pressed together by a spring, but can be
separated by means of a clutch fork, connected to a lever on the end of the cloth
beam shaft. When the weaver wishes to stop the taking-up roller whilst weaving
he can do it by pulling the clutch out of gear, or he can pull the clutch out of
gear and reverse the motion of the taking-up shaft by means of a thumb-screw, or
other equivalent, so as to slaken the warp. The apparatus is so arranged that the
weft fork lever stops the revolution of the cloth beam instantaneously when the
weft breaks.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GUARDS OR SAFETY APPARATUS TO BE APPLIED TO THRASHING MACHINES."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Perkins and Thomas Burall
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd May 1879.
THOMAS PERKINS, of Hitchin, in the County of Hertford, and THOMAS BURALL,
of Peterborough, in the County of Northampton. IMPROVEMENTS IN GUARDS OR
SAFETY APPARATUS TO BE APPLIED TO THRASHING MACHINES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in guards or safety apparatus
to be applied to thrashing machines.
For this purpose we provide within the feeding hopper a covering board which
is able to close down and cover the thrashing drum in time to prevent injury to the
limbs of the attendants should they be accidentally introduced into the hopper.
In this respect our arrangement resembles others which have before been suggested
to the same end. We hinge the covering board at its lower edge immediately above
the concave, and provide a spring behind it, which whenever the board is liberated
closes it down smartly over the drum. The covering board is held up whilst the
machine is at work by a catch upon a second or retaining board, also supported by
a spring, and which board lies between the hopper and the feeding box in which
the feeder stands. The retaining board is hinged or jointed immediately in front
of the feed box, and pressure upon it or upon a rail carried upon it, and which
can be adjusted to any desired height, sets free the catch already reforred to. This
arrangement forms an effectual protection to the feeder.
To ensure a like protection to the attendants at the sides of the machine other
hinged boards are there provided, and projections from these overlap the retaining
board, so that pressure upon the side boards also causes the covering board to be
set free. The hood of the machine is also jointed, and yields in case any person or
thing should fall against it; in so doing it operates upon the side boards, and these
in turn cause the covering board to be set free in the manner already explained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE HANDLES."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Thomas Gardner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th June 1879.
EDMUMD THOMAS GARDNER, of Charing Cross, in the County of Middlesex.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE HANDLES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in carriage handles, and is
particularly calculated to obviate the serious accidents which frequently occur
owing to the doors of milway carriages being left unsecured after passengers have
either entered or alighted from the same.
To effect this object I place a suitable stop on the upper part of the base plato
in addition to the ordinary stop formed on the tail end thereof. Such additional
stop takes into a notch or recess formed in the upper side of the tongue of the latch,
the lower extremity of which is bevilled off to a curve, while the uppermost corner
of its base is cut off at an acute angle.
By this means, when in order to open the door the handle is turned round, the
additional stop coming in contact with the latch prevents its receding to and being
retained in a horizontal position by the spring until released by the hand as is at
present the case, while the spring acting on the acute angle forined in the base of
such tongue piece checks the latch and keeps the extremity thereof in a semi-
projecting position so that on the door either swinging to by its own gravity or
being pushed to with a slight impetus, the bevilled curved end of the tongue
immediately on coming in contact with the edge of the catch glides over the same,
and such semi projecting tongue lodges in the catch, thus effectually securing the
door to a sufficient degree to obviate all risk of accident even should it he casually
omitted to further secure the catch by turning the handle into a vertical position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS FOR EMBROIDERY, LACE, AND OTHER TRIMMINGS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by Michael Guggenheim at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd October 1879.
MICHAEL GUGGENHEIM, of Lawrence Lane, in the City of London, Warohouseman.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS FOR EMBROIDERY, LACE, AND OTHER TRIMMINGS."
My Invention has for its object the production of a holder for embroidery, lace,
and other trimmings, which shall provide increased facilities for unwinding or
removing therefrom any required length.
According to the ordinary method trimmings are wound in lengths upon cards,
and each card with its trimmings is enclosed in a suitable envelope or wrapper.
In order to remove any portion of the length it is necessary to cut the envelope
or wrapper, withdraw the card therefrom, and to unwind the trimming by the act
of turning over the card a sufficient number of times, until the requisite length is
uncoiled. These operations thus entail considerable trouble, loss of time, and
inconvenience, which it is the object of my Invention to avoid.
According to my Invention I employ a holder consisting of a frame of wood, or
other suitable material, provided with two rollers at a convenient distance apart, so
that the trimming may be wound thereon as on a solid body of a length corresponding
to the distance between the rollers. The holder carrying the trimming thus
wound thereon may then be enclosed in an envelope or wrapper as in the ordinary
manner, but when it is desired to remove a portion of the trimming it is simply
necessary to pull the loose end of the trimming whereby the latter will be caused
to unwind from the rollers, and the required length may then be cut off without
the necessity for removing the holder from the envelope or wrapper as in the case
of the cards usually employed.
The rollers may each be made in sections longitudinally mounted loose on the
same axis so as to provide increased facilities for drawing out separate lengths.
AN IMPROVED SEWER GAS STOPPER FOR THE OVERFLOW PIPES OF LAVATORY BASINS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th June 1879. A commu-
nication from abroad by Christopher Yates Wemple, of the City, County, and
State of New York, United States of America.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVED SEWER GAS STOPPER FOR THE OVERFLOW PIPES
OF LAVATORY BASINS." [A communication from abroad by Christopher Yates
Wemple, of the City, County, and State of New York, United States of America.]
The object of this Invention is to furnish a cheap, simple, and convenient device
for preventing the escape of sewer gas into a house through the overflow pipe of a
lavatory basin.
The Invention consists of the two longitudinally slotted tubes, each of which is
provided at one end with a curved elliptical metallic cap to which is secured a thick
pad of india rubber or other elastic substance, while on the opposite end of each is
a disc or shoulder. A rod carrying a spiral spring around its central portion is
inserted into the open ends of the tubes, and its ends are secured within them by
pins which play in the slots of the tubes. The stopper is shortened by pressing
the ends toward each other, and it extends to its full length on removal of the
pressure. Placed with one pad against the overflow orifice or orifices of the basin
while the other pad is set against the opposite point of the basin, the spring presses
the pad so closely against the orifice that no gas can escape through it.
These stoppers may be made of any length to suit basins of any size, and are
found to be most effective in their operation.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SUPPORTING PORTABLE HAMMOCKS AND COTS, AND TENT OR OTHER COVERING THERETO, AND IN PORTABLE COTS SUPPORTED BY SUCH AND OTHER APPARATUS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Williams at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th August 1879.
HENRY WILLIAMS, of the Firm of Benjamin Edgington and Company, of Duke
Street, London Bridge, in the County of Surrey, Marquee and Tent Manufacturers.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SUPPORTING PORTABLE HAMMOCKS AND COTS,
AND TENT OR OTHER COVERING THERETO, AND IN PORTABLE COTS SUPPORTED BY
SUCH AND OTHER APPARATUS."
The object of the Invention is simplicity with stability in the adaptation of the
various parts of the apparatus.
The pair of legs at each end' of the apparatus are inclined one to the other,
trestle form, and when together are held in that relative position by passing at
their upper
ends into a metal socket or head. For convenience of stowage one of
each pair of legs is fixed in their socket or head whilst the other is moveable.
These sockets or heads are of an inclined form so as readily to fix into other
correspondingly formed metal sockets, one at each end of a pair of horizontal bars.
These horizontal bars are each formed in two or more lengths with metal
connecting pieces, and at their ends they are fixed to, but may be readily remove-
able from, and reapplied to these socket pieces.
In place of a pair of horizontal bars a single horizontal bar may if desired be
employed, formed of two or more lengths socketted together.
The hammock or cot is at each end supported by ropes from metal holders with
necked studs, which are formed to pass into and be held by suitably enlarged ended
slots in the upper part of the sockets or heads to the legs, and they also, when thus
placed, bear on the sockets to the horizontal bars and thereby aid in keeping all
the parts in position.
An upright is applied at each end of the horizontal bars to support a tent or
other covering if desired. These uprights are held in position by their lower ends
being formed in part to rest on and part to pass between or around the horizontal
bars, and be there held by holding pins with chain connections.
The cots according to my Invention are suspended at each end by an angular
piece and single eyelet. The ends are kept extended by bars, whilst the bottom is
kept in shape by side socketted pieces kept extended by other end cross bars, aided
by pins and sockets forming a frame which is covered by suitable fabric readily
removeable and forming a strong. bottom.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATED WATERPROOF CLOTHING
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Neville at the Office of the
Cominissioners of Patents on the 27th June 1879.
JOHN NEVILLE, of 16, Horton Road, Hackney, London, in the County of
Middlesex, London, E. "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATED WATERPROOF CLOTHING."
The new ventilated waterproof garment, (coat, legging, or head cover) instead of
being made from two cloths cemented together with a solution of india rubber, oil,
or any other substance, or from one cloth with india rubber, oil, or any other
substance, spread upon the surface as at present, is made from two separate cloths,
the outer cloth being free from india rubber, oil, or any other substance which
would prevent a free passage of air through the cloth; the inner cloth or lining of
the garment is made waterproof by spreading on one side thereo a solution of india
rubber, oil, or any other substance. The new principle is applied as follows. The
outer cloth is made into a coat, legging, or head cover, and may be worn with the
lining attached or not attached. The waterproofed living is cut plain, or in several
pieces in the length or width of the garment, and the lining of the coat, legging,
or head cover thus cut is joined together again by lapping the several parts from
the top of the garment downwards, the top parts being lapped towards the outside
cloth, to prevent the rain, hail, or snow from passing through the garment and
wetting the wearer; the parts of the lining thus lapped are secured down the seams
either by sewing or cementing together; the centre of the lapped part is left open
to admit of ventilation; any substance may be inserted between the lapped parts of
the lining to prevent them closing when being worn; a coat thus made has the
appearance of an ordinary coat, and is waterproof and ventilated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCISSORS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd April 1879. A communication
from abroad by François Escoffier, of La Craux d'Hyères (Var), France, Chef
d'Institution.
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, London, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCISSORS." A communi-
cation from abroad by François Escoffier, of La Craux d'Hyères (Var), France, Chef
d'Institution.
This Invention relates to improvements in scissors, whereby they may serve two
purposes; 1º, as ordinary scissors; 2°, to cut out button holes with regularity,
and the certainty that they will all be of the same length.
This second arrangement is the main feature of this Invention, and I will now
proceed to describe it, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawing,
upon which Figure 1 represents the scissors opened and closed, but without shifting
blades, and Figure 2 the scissors also opened and closed, but with shifting or spare
blades.
The two Figures L, L, show the two blades with cutting edge from end to end as
in ordinary scissors.
In Figure 1 the part A indicates the bows of the scissors; they are joined by a
screw O; B is a triangular blade with adjusting screw R; C is another triangular
blade having a boss or stud T to receive the end n of the regulator and fix the length
of the cut.
In using this instrument the regulating screw R is turned more or less, so that
its end n projects more or less beyond the blade B; this will depend upon the
length to be given to the button holes; this done, the scissors are applied to the
stuff, and are closed to make the cut. In this operation the end n of the screw R
comes against the stud or boss T, so that the scissors cannot close any further, and
the button hole has the desired length. Thus as many button holes as required
may be cut all of exactly the same length and with a clean cut.
To use these scissors as ordinary scissors unscrew the screws D, D, (Figure 2.),
remove the triangular blades, substitute the ordinary blades L, L, which enter
the bows by their shank V, and are secured by tightening up the screws D, D.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING PACKING
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Chapman at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th March 1879.
FRANCIS CHAPMAN, of the Lion Lubricating Packing Company, of Leyland, in
the County of Lancaster, Foreman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING PACKING."
My Invention has for its object the production of self lubricating packings, such
as are used for the glands of steam cylinders and other similar hot or cold working
parts, and for engineering purposes generally, that shall be capable of withstanding
great heat, pressure, and wear. Those packings I manufacture in the ordinary
manner, and compose them in various ways and of various materials and ingredients,
and of various shapes or sections, such as round, square, or others, according to
circumstances. My packings consist mainly of a core and one or more external
layers or wrappings. The core consists of cotton, steat or French chalk, black lead,
glycerine, india-rubber, or any other mineral, vegetable, or animal matter or lubri-
cant, all or any of them combined. This core, which may have any convenient
section, is wrapped with white cotton and asbestos alternately until the required
thickness is obtained. The asbestos may be in the form of paper, and is preferably
laid on in spiral layers, but it may also be laid straight. The whole is then braided
or platted over with cotton, the braiding or platting being either open or close.
Instead of cotton hemp may be used if preferred. The exterior may either be
lubricant or dry, according to desire, and lubricants may also be put between all or
some of the layers of material if desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL PINS, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Bateman at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st May 1879.
DANIEL BATEMAN, of Low Moor, in the County of York, Card Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL PINS, AND IN THE APPARATUS
CONNECTED THEREWITH."
My Invention consists of employing hardened and tempered steel wire for
ordinary domestic pins, hair pins, wire nails, and all other articles, wire, brass, com-
position, or iron wire has been in use hitherto, and treating the same in such a
manner as to prevent them rusting.
1st. I treat the steel wire to an unhealding process in the progress of drawing,
leaving it soft and bright in the surface, so that the healding and pointing of the
pin is more easily accomplished.
2ndly. I take the pin after it is formed and put it in a close iron pot and subject
it to a warm red heat, and then plunge the pins in a bath of oil; this renders the
pins hard; but to keep the pins from being too brittle and breaking in common
uses, I pass them over a charcoal or cinder fire, or heated iron or copper plate, until
the colour changes to a blue, brown, or straw colour, as required, and when they
attain this desired colour they are then chilled, and to prevent them from rusting
they pass through a bath of shellac varnish and dried off and finished.
The advantages are they will stand four times the force to bend, besides being
stronger and more durable; I am enabled to produce them at a much cheaper rate
by means of my improvements described in former Letters Patent granted to me
dated the 4th day of Oct. 1878, No. 3911.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS CONNECTED WITH BATHS, LAVATORIES, AND THE LIKE, FOR THE PURPOSE OF PREVENTING THE WASTE OF WATER THEREIN.
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Liggat at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th September 1879.
ALEXANDER LIGGAT, of Barrhead, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain,
Sanitary Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS CONNECTED WITH BATHS,
LAVATORIES, AND THE LIKE, FOR THE PURPOSE OF PREVENTING THE WASTE OF
WATER THEREIN.
The said Invention relates to the apparatus for operating the valves for
admitting the water to or discharging it from baths, lavatories, and similiar vessels
or places, and has for its object to prevent waste of water owing to the discharge
and inlet being opened at the same time, which object is effected by so connecting
or arranging the said mechanism that it is impossible to open the discharge when
the inlet is open, and vice versa.
The said invention may be carried into effect as follows:-Upon the sockets of
the valve pull rods for the inlet and discharge are collars capable of partial rotation
thereon. In these collars are slots which may be brought into a position, coincident
with the slots in the sockets and the guide pins or stoppers on the rods pass
through both the slot in the sockets, and in the collars. The collars are connected
with each other by levers or cranks, or their equivalents in such manner that when
the inlet rod or rods has or have been partially rotated, in opening the inlet the
said movement of the inlet rod, or rods, turns the collar upon the socket of the
discharge pull so that the slot in it is not coincident with that in its socket
and consequently the discharge rod cannot be raised by reason of the said collar
preventing the pin upon the discharge rod entering its slot in the socket. The
like action will take place with respect to the opening of the discharge, that is to
say, it will so turn the collar or collars on the socket or sockets of the inlet rod
or rods, that they in like manner prevent the pin or pins on the said rod or rods
from entering the slots in their sockets.
The Invention may be applied to screw down valves as well as to pull valves, in
which case a similar arrangement may be adopted, the screw or screws operating
to open or close the inlet valve or valves being quick threaded, so that a partial
revolution will operate the valves.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN CONNECTION WITH STEAM BOILERS FOR THE PURPOSE OF HEATING THE FEED WATER
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hargraves Vickers at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd September 1879.
JOSEPH HARGRAVES VICKERS, of Hull, in the County of York. "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN CONNECTION WITH STEAM BOILERS FOR THE
PURPOSE OF HEATING THE FEED WATER."
This Invention consists in an improved apparatus to be employed in connection
with boilers for the purpose of heating the feed water before entering the same,
and thereby reduce the time required for raising the temperature thereof to the
desired degree for the generation of steam, thus effecting a great saving in the
quantity of fuel consumed.
The said improved apparatus consists in a cylindrical or other suitably shaped
vessel formed of cast iron or other suitable metal. The feed water is caused to pass
through this vessel before entering the boiler, and is there raised to a certain tem-
perature by being brought into contact with steam which is conducted into the said
vessel by means of a pipe, one end of which projects into the interior of the said
vessel, whilst the opposite end is connected with the steam space of the boiler.
When the vessel is constructed of cast iron the said pipe may be made in one
casting therewith.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jose Ribeiro Vieira de Castro at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th May 1879.
JOSE RIBEIRO VIEIRA DE CASTRO, of No. 112, Breyner Porto, in the Kingdom of
Portugal. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
My improvements relate to that class of sewing machines employing shuttles large
enough to contain an ordinary wooden bobbin containing about one hundred yards
or two hundred yards of thread; and the present improvements relate more par-
ticularly to that class of machine for which Letters Patent were granted to Hector
Auguste Dufrené, dated the First day of May 1876, No. 1821.
In my improved machine the bobbin placed in a suitable cover or case is placed
in a tube provided with a groove for fitting it to the underside of the table
of the machine. The driving shaft turns a flanged disc cut out in the form of
a hook, which takes hold of the thread to cause it to pass round the bobbin. The
needle passes through the fabric, forms a loop underneath, and then stops; the
hook then takes this loop, places it on the bobbin, and passes to the other side.
The thread is furnished by a break which is placed on the upper frame of the
machine, and which advances the required distance to furnish the quantity of
thread necessary for the formation of the loop.
When the bobbin has been passed into this loop the hook of the rotating flanged
disc leaves the thread, the needle rises again, and the thread drawn along by
the break which returns to its first position is gradually shortened to close the
stitch.
At this moment the two bobbins (the upper and lower bobbins) furnish the
necessary quantity of thread for the following stitch, and so on.
These improvements may be applied to other sewing machines; for example, to
those machines which have a circular steel bobbin consisting of two discs, united in
the centre. For this purpose the hereinbefore described disc would be provided
with two hooks and with a concavity in which the bobbin would be placed, a cover
being provided between which and the concave disc the bobbin rests.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PERAMBU- LATORS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leon L'Hollier at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th May 1879.
LEON L'HOLLIER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Perambulator
Manufacturer. "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PERAMBU-
LATORS."
The object of this Invention is to build or construct those kind of carriages
coming under the denomination of "perambulators" in an improved manner.
Hitherto they have generally been constructed with a handle permanently fixed
in the rear or back, or at the front of the carriage, by means of which it has been
propelled, so that to give protection or shelter to a rider therein from an adverse
wind or driving rain, it has been necessary to turn the carriage bodily round.
More recently the handle of perambulators has been made reversible, and though
this is an improvement on the old method of construction, as by means of it the
carriage can be pushed in an opposite direction to that in which it has been propelled,
it is obvious that this is a limited improvement only, and leaves much to be desired
now that the demand for perambulators for childrens' use is so great, and when
their health suffers so much from exposure in them.
According to my improvements the handle is permanently fixed to the back (or
front) of the carriage as formerly; but the body instead of being permanently attached
as now customary, is by my improvements hung upon a centre pin or pivot, in
such a manner that it may be free to revolve thereon. Certain stops or catches are
provided at suitable distances, so that a sufficient revolution of the body being
made it may be easily secured by these or any other mechanical equivalents, at any
desired angle to the driving handle or framework.
In this manner when the carriage is at rest (or in motion) a child or children, or
an invalid therein may by the means of the head or hood with which the perambu-
lators are fitted be sheltered from any wind, draught, or driving rain from which it
is desired to protect them.
This Invention is intended to be applied to any description of perambulators,
and whether on three or four wheels.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN MANUFACTURING BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Marston and Samuel John
Austin Ward Burkitt Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 3rd June 1879.
ROBERT MARSTON and SAMUEL JOHN AUSTIN WARD BURKITT SMITH, both of
the Town of Leicester, in the County of Leicester. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
AND APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN MANUFACTURING BOOTS AND SHOES."
Our machinery and apparatus consists of a bench of suitable size perforated to
receive two or more pairs of the lower halves of flasks formed in two parts, the
lower half of each being firmly secured to the bench, but capable of adjustment in
the direction of its length, and the upper half is hinged or otherwise adjusted to
accurately fit the lower one. Through the open bottom half of the flask a rod
projects, to the upper end of which a last is secured. The rod slides freely up and
down in a guide box; the lower end of the rod is hinged to a rocking lever
operated by the foot of the work-man. The lower half of the flask is provided
with a pad of india-rubber or other suitable material all round which accurately fits
the last. The rod which carries the last is held in a raised position by a ballance
weight; while so raised the workman places the upper over the last, then the insole
upon the last, the insole having had a suitable cement put round, either before or
after being placed in position; the workman lowers the last by the foot lever; be
then lowers the upper half of the flask upon the lower one and secures it; there
this upper is provided with an expansion chamber of vulcanised india-rubber. On
the inside the chamber is connected by a suitable pipe to a reservoir of water,
steam, or compressed air, communication with which being made the pressure will
expand the chamber and gradually turn over and firmly press down the upper, in
which position it remains until the workman has operated upon the whole of the
flasks on the bench; then returning to the first flask he opens an outlet, the pressure
being taken off he opens the flask, raises the last, and takes off the upper firmly
lasted to the insole.
For blocking fronts and seamless uppers the lasting flask is removed and a
blocking flask substituted. The leather or other material being placed upon the

page_text: bottom, the top is lowered, omitting the insole and cement, the operation of
expanding the chamber is conducted as before, accurately forcing the material into
the blocking mould. For cording or producing ornamental designs on uppers the
lower half of a flask is grooved to the shape of the cording or design required, and
upon pressure being put upon it by lowering the upper half of the flask, and 5
opening communication with the pressure reservoir, the material is forced into the
grooves.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN STOP VALVES FOR LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Guy Wilson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st December 1879. A communication
from abroad by Robert Linke, Engineer, of Neusalz on the Oder, Silesia, in
the Empire of Germany.
JOHN GUY WILSON, of the British & Foreign Patent Office, 71, Market Street,
in the City of Manchester, Mechanical Engineer and Patent Agent. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STOP VALVES FOR LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS." A communication from abroad
by Robert Linke, Engineer, of Neusalz on the Oder, Silesia, in the Empire of
Germany.
The object of this Invention is the construction of a stop valve which may be
as rapidly opened as a common plug cock, and which even in the largest size is
capable of being actuated (opened and closed) with the greatest facility, the valve
being raised slightly from its seat in the act of opening and thereby avoiding all
friction.
In accordance with one modification of this Invention the valve face is of spherical
form and fits against a corresponding seating, the centre of both of which surfaces
is situated within the axis of the shaft or spindle (hereinafter called the central
shaft) employed for actuating such valve, although the valve surface and seating
may be perfectly flat, and situated in a plane vertical to the axis of the mouth of
the valve box. Branching from the central shaft by means of a pair of arms is a guide
piece, in which the valve is capable of sliding to and fro, such valve being pressed
to its seat and withdrawn therefrom by means of the combined action of a pair of
links, one of the links being connected to the back of the valve by a ball and
Bocket joint, and the same link at its extremity being connected to pivots secured
slightly out of the centre line in the forked extremities of the other link, which is
secured upon and turns with the central shaft.
The action of this improved stop valve is as follows:-
The central shaft, which passes through a stuffing box to the outside, is provided
with a lever handle, and is capable of making one fourth of a revolution, the first
effect of turning such shaft being to withdraw the valve inside its guide piece, so
removing such valve from frictional contact with the valve seating; a continuance
of the movement then turns the guide piece along with its valve and links at an
angle of 90 degrees with the closed position, when a clear thoroughfare is afforded
through the apparatus.
MENT IN STAYS AND CORSETS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Taylor at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th June 1879.
WILLIAM HENRY TAYLOR, of Barbican, in the City of London.
MENT IN STAYS AND CORSETS."
"AN IMPROVE-
My improvement in the manufacture of stays and corsets relates more
particularly to the application of the kind of horsehair cloth called crinoline, or
of similar cloth made in imitation of horsehair cloth, and called fibre, in lieu of
the "bones" generally used to stiffen and give the desired shape to the stays or
corset. The bones" generally used are open to many objections, of which the
chief are that they are expensive, that they are desiccated by the heat necessary for
the process of blocking the stays or corset, and are thereby rendered brittle and
liable to break in use, and to wear through the sheath in which they are placed.
By my Invention the manufacture of the stays or corseta is cheapened, both by
dispensing with the expensive whalebones, and by saving the labor of sewing them
into their sheaths.
In carrying out my Invention I prefer a combination of contil and horsehair, or
imitation horsehair cloth, the coutil being placed inside, and the horsehair cloth
outside. The pieces or gores which go to make up the stays or corset are cut out
of the usual forms, and made up in any of the ordinary styles, after which the stays
or corsets are blocked by means of pressure and steam heated copper blocks to
shape them to the figure of the wearer. It is found that when thus blocked the
horsehair or imitation horsehair cloth imparts sufficient stiffness to the stays or
corsets to keep them in shape, and to afford the desired support to the wearer
without the use of any bones.
IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE DIPPING OR WASHING OF SHEEP."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Hall at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st June 1879.
"
ROBERT HALL, of Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of Durham, Veterinary
Surgeon. IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE DIPPING OR
WASHING OF SHEEP."
The object of this Invention is enabling sheep to be dipped or washed mechani-
cally and without the necessity of the animals being handled or pulled about as is
now done.
For the purpose of my Invention I form a tank or chamber in the ground corre
sponding in depth to about the height of the sheep to be dipped or washed, said
tank may be cemented or bricked, or a metal or other vessel may be sunk into the
ground in liou thereof. Around the edge of the tank I arrange a framing with
suitable uprights for carrying rock or balance levers whose inner ends are connected
by links to a cage, this being capable of being raised to bring its floor about level
with the ground to permit the sheep to be driven into it from a pen in which they
had previously been collected.
The cage is of an open railed kind and has a gate at each end, one to allow the
sheep to enter, and the other for them to leave by.
Outside the leaving end of the apparatus I fit a staging at an incline, the lower
end leading into the tank that the liquor or wash water may, as it runs from the
sheep after their removal from the cage, flow down the incline back into the tank
again, the last batch of dipped or washed sheep being kept upon the incline stage
while the next batch is being driven in and dipped or washed.
The outer ends of the rock levers may be weighted to counterpoise the cage, so
that when not in use it is kept out of the liquid.
Instead of the rock levers a chuin and winch drum may be used with the cage
for raising and lowering it.
By this Invention sheep are dipped or washed in a standing position.
The framing may be fixed in one position or be mounted upon wheels that it may
be moved from place to place.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STUDS AND SOLITAIRES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Laurentius Andreas Waldemar Lund
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th May 1879.
LAURENTIUS ANDREAS WALDEMAR LUND, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STUDS AND SOLITAIRES."
This Invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in the production
or manufacture of studs and solitaires, whereby such articles can be produced of a
more solid and durable form than hitherto and at a much less cost.
The main body of my improved stud or solitaire I make in the ordinary way, but
instead of making it of the ordinary metal or other composite material I make it
of solid nickel, as I have found that nickel will not tarnish, and will not injuriously
affect or mark the linen or other similar fabric or material in which the stud or
solitaire is placed, which injury the ordinary metallic stud or solitaire has been found
to occasion.
The surface of the exposed head or top of the stud or solitaire I cover with a
plating of gold, which may be either plain, or engraved, or ornamented with enamel
or precious stones or other ornaments, and in order to prevent the gold plating or
cover from indenting in wear, make the interior of the head of the stud or solitaire
either of the same shape as the cover or cap, or else I run a sufficient quantity of
solder inside the gold cover or cap to cause it to be and remain solid and durable.
The cover or cap I propose to fix onto the head or top of the stud or solitaire
either by "spinning" it over the head or top, or by soldering the same to the nickel
body, or by both means if found necessary. In this way I produce or make an
improved stud or solitaire of much more solidity and durability than one made
entirely of gold would possess, and at a considerably diminished cost.
IMPROVEMENTS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Jensen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th April 1879. (A communication from
abroad by Ottomar Tschiedel, of Vienna, Austria.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, London.
APPARATUS." (A communication from abroad by Ottomar Tschiedel, of Vienna,
Austria.)
The object of this Invention is to withdraw by suction the vitiated air from
rooms, vessels, or other places by means of selfacting apparatus constructed as
hereinafter described; also, if required, to supply fresh air by forcing it into a place
by means of the same apparatus.
The apparatus consists mainly of a casing in which a fan is made to revolve by
the force exerted by a helical spring through the intervention of wheel gearing;
the casing is made with an air inlet opening and an air outlet opening, and the fan
drawing the vitiated air into the casing by the former opening forces it out through
the latter opening.
The apparatus is arranged in and on a framing; the fan casing may suitably be
placed on the top. There is a spindle with crank handle, which by wheel gearing
serves to wind up the helical spring in a drum, one end of the spring is fastened to
the drum spindle and the other end to the interior of the dram; the force of the
spring is by wheel gearing transmitted to the fan spindle, which is made to revolve
quickly, and so as to keep going for a number of hours without winding.
By pipe connections one apparatus may be made to ventilate more than one
room or place, and either direct or through the intervention of an air heating
stove. The apparatus may be placed on the floor, or near the ceiling, or in any
other suitable situation, and the pipe connections arranged accordingly. To protect
the spring and wheel work against dust the apparatus is enclosed in a box or
casing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO CHECK OR GUARD RAILS AND CHAIRS FOR PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Moyles Bigley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th August 1879.
THOMAS MOYLES BIGLEY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Civil Engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO CHECK OR GUARD RAILS AND CHAIRS
FOR PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS."
The method now adopted by the different railway companies of laying down an
additional rail of the same section as that constituting the permanent way, which
sustains the weight of the train, to serve merely as a check to the wheel flange
whilst travelling around sharp curves can hardly be regarded otherwise than a
needless expense and a simple waste of metal. The same may be said of the
guard rails opposite every crossing, which occur in such large numbers in station
yards, sidings, et cetera.
The saving effected by reducing and re-arranging the section would be of great
importance inasmuch as the outlay in every case for guard and check rails
wherever laid down for the purpose of confining or binding the wheel flange
to the rail on which it travels would be reduced by about one half.
The chair would contain about the same weight of metal as that already in use,
but this quantity would be put into an advantageous form or section, thereby
admitting the adoption of a section of rail that would only be one half the weight
per lineal yard of the rail now commonly used, and which would be specially
adapted, owing to the more skilful distribution of the metal in the new arrange-
ment, to act with equal efficiency as a check or guard rail having the great recom-
mendation of saving in cost, before referred to.
The improvement consists in raising the inside socket of the chair, considerably
hollowing out below, both to reduce the metal and to assist in casting and
subsequent shrinking by arranging, so that there be no part much thicker than
another and placing a much smaller section of rail in the inner socket. The inner
rail as it has to bear a horizontal rather than vertical strain, I make thicker
compared to its height than ordinary rail sections.
In consequence too of this horizontal strain, I find it desirable to make, the fish
plate of such section as will give the requisite lateral rigidity at the rail joint, and
accordingly curve it around under the rail, the two plates almost meeting below.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CAP SPINNING FRAMES, AND IN APPARATUS " CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Craven and Arthur Craven
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th August 1879.
FREDERICK CRAVEN and ARTHUR CRAVEN, of Bradford, in the County of York,
Worsted Spinners. IMPROVEMENTS IN CAP SPINNING FRAMES, AND IN APPARATUS
"
CONNECTED THEREWITH."
Our Invention relates, firstly, to giving a false or preparing twist to the yarn
between the nip and the cap; secondly, the employment of driving "wharles" or
"warves" having a rotatory motion, without any lifting motion, preventing slackness
of the driving bands.
For the purpose of giving a false or preparing twist to the yarn between the nip
and the cap, we fix a rail in the front of a cap frame, to which are secured brackets
in which work or rotate wharles, which are actuated by bands driven by a cylinder
fitted in the inside of the cap frame, the tops of these "wharles" are made with
small projecting tubes, caps, or flyers; holes are made through the "wharles" and
tubes or caps, and a top plate is secured on the tops of the tubes or caps, in which is
eccentrically drilled a hole leading to the hole in the "wharle" and tube, the
"wharle" and tube or cap is fitted in a centre line with the cap spindle and above
the cap. The roving comes from the roving bobbin and through the front rollers
in the usual way, the yarn from the front rollers passes direct or over a guide rail
to the eccentric hole or to the flyer, and from there through the centre hole of the
tube or cap and "wharle" to the cap twister, the eccentric hole or flyer gives the
false or preparing twist to the yarn before passing to the cap twister which prepares
the yarn to receive the twist, and which allows spinning at a great increase of
speed with pure ends down, and producing better and more even spun yarn.
Secondly, upon the spindle rail and over an ordinary cap spindle, we fit a "wharle,"
having a metal tube cast or fitted thereon, the tube passes through the lifter plate,
and on the top of the tube is fitted or cast a projection or carrier, the tubular
"wharle" only receives a rotatory motion which prevents slack bands as heretofore,
the "wharles" driving the caps not only receive a rotatory motion, but also an up
and down motion which causes slackness of bands, and consequently uneven and
bad spinning, besides great wear and tear. Over the tube of the "wharle " we place
a bobbin, and by preference of metal, this bobbin is cut in its length with a groove
in which works the projection or carrier of the tubular "wharle" driving the
bobbin, and over the bobbin is placed a paper tube, bobbin, or spool.