Improvements in Centrifugal Machines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Sept., 1892-Accepted, 22nd Oct., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Machines.
We, RUDOLF KRON of Golzern, Saxony, Engineer, and JULES SCHMERBER
of Eilenburg, Prussia, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to centrifugal machines and particularly to means for
automatically emptying the drum of such machines, while the drum continues to
revolve.
The main feature of the invention consists in arranging within the revolving
perforated drum a basket hereinafter called a skeleton basket which can be lifted
independently of the revolving drum for automatically emptying the dry substance
out of the drum in a convenient and expeditious manner. And in combination with
the revolving drum and its inner skeleton basket we arrange outside the drum a
receiving gutter, which receives the dry substance, automatically emptied by the
skeleton basket and we furthermore arrange in combination with the above named
parts a cylindrical wall, interposed between the revolving drum and the gutter,
which wall, during the centrifugal action of the machine, is at rest, and catches and
conducts the liquid ejected from the drum, but which wall after the dry substance has
been removed from the drum by means of the skeleton basket, can be made to
rotate in order to remove or convey the dry substance within the ring-shaped
gutter to outlets by means of scrapers, with which the outside of the cylindrical
wall is provided.
With the centrifugal machine thus constructed we are enabled to empty the
revolving drum while it revolves in a convenient and expeditious manner of the dry
or semi-dry substance, to deliver or fill such substance at one or several places into
sacks or other receptacles and to refill the revolving drum with new material to be
treated, all these operations being performed during the revolution of the drum.
The skeleton basket within the perforated drum may be lifted and lowered by
any convenient mechanical means.
I have found the arrangement, which I have shewn on the annexed drawing, well
suited for the purpose.
It consists of a cylinder, the piston and piston rod of which
are connected to the skeleton basket, the said piston being worked by any convenient
fluid, such as water, air or steam under pressure.
Figure 1 of the annexed drawings is a vertical section of the complete machine.
The skeleton basket c however, which is suspended to the piston rod of the
piston and within the perforated druma is shewn at the right hand of the drawing
in an elevated position and at the left hand in a lowered position, the latter being
the position of the basket during the centrifugal action of the machine or process
and the first named position being that for the removal of the dry or semi-dry
substance.
C
The skeleton basket e is provided with a bottom d rigidly secured to the cone f,
which surrounds the central shaft e and with a cover y, which during the centri-
fugal action covers the rim of the drum a and with parts connecting the said
bottom d and cover g; the said parts may consist of vertical scrapers h and
horizontal rings i. The vertical scrapers / may be shaped as indicated in the
horizontal section Figure 2, projecting partly towards the central line of the
machine. The horizontal rings i may be formed straight or be spiral shaped to
connect the scrapers together.
kis the supply pipe, for refilling the revolving drum a with the material to be
treated.
I is a three way cock for admitting the fluid under pressure into the cylinder m

page_text: in order to raise the piston or for allowing said fluid to escape from the cylinder
in order that the piston may descend.
The revolving perforated drum a is surrounded by the cylindrical wall n, which
may receive a comparatively slow rotary motion by means of the shaft o and
proper gearing; the wall n is supported by a tray p which conducts away at 9 the
liquid which has been caught by the inner face of the wall n.
On the outside or outer face of this wall n we provide scrapers of any convenient
shape, which project into the ring-shaped gutter s. If by raising the skeleton
basket c, the dry or semi-dry substance has been removed from the drum a into the
gutters, the wall n is set in motion, the scrapers thereby transporting the sub-
stance within the gutter until it arrives at the outlet or outlets t, through which it
escapes into sacks or other receptacles provided for this purpose at the mouth of
the outlet.
The gutters is closed by a sheet iron mantle u which prevents any waste of
substance, reducing at the same time any escape of steam, vapour or dust etc. v is
the lever which acts as a brake in case of necessity for controlling the revolving
motion.
The centrifugal action of the machine, the automatic removal of the dry or
semi-dry substance from the drum and out of the machine and the refilling of the
drum will be easily understood from the foregoing description of the parts,
constituting our invention.
The arrangement described may be reversed so that the basket c is at a permanent
level, whilst the drum a can be lowered or raised for emptying purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A centrifugal machine in which are arranged for automatically removing the
dry or semi-dry substance in a convenient and expeditious manner from the machine
whilst a perforated drum continues to revolve:
(A) within the drum (a) a skeleton basket (c) consisting of a bottom (d) and
cover (g) which bottom and cover are connected by scrapers (h), the skeleton
basket being capable of being raised or lowered within the drum (a),
(B) around the drum (a) a cylindrical wall (n) which may be temporarily made
to rotate the inner surface of said wall serving to catch and conduct the
ejected liquid whilst the outer surface is provided with straight or curved
scrapers (7) for conveying the removed dry or semi-dry substance,
(C) around the cylindrical wall (n) a ring shaped gutter (s) for receiving the
dry or semi-dry substance, removed from the drum (a) by the skeleton
basket (c), into which gutter the scrapers (r) of the wall (n) project, all
substantially as and for the purpose specified,
2. In combination with a skeleton basket within a perforated revolving drum of
a centrifugal machine, a cylinder and a piston, to the piston rod of which the
skeleton basket is suspended so that it can be thereby raised and lowered,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
Dated this 21st day of September 1892.
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent.