CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Faulkner, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 16th March 1858, and dated the 18th September 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Faulkner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
September 1857.
I, SAMUEL FAULKNER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The first part of my Invention relates to the series of rollers called clearing
rollers employed in connection with the main and finishing carding cylinders,
as described in the Specification of Letters Patent previously granted to me,
and bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of July, One thousand eight hundred
and forty-three, and is also applicable to other carding engines wherein small
card rollers are similarly employed. The improvement consists in mounting
a convenient number or portion of the said series of card rollers in a separate
framing or segment distinct from the rim of the cylinder in which the

page_text: remaining portion are mounted. This framing has a hinge joint at its upper
end, and is attached to a rope or chain and counterbalance weight, so that
when it is neccessary to "strip" either the main or finishing cylinders this
series or portion of rollers may be lifted out of the way and removed at once,
without removing or detaching each roller separately from its bearings, as
when they are mounted in the ordinary manner. When the cylinders have
been stripped or cleaned the framing is lowered again, and each roller falls
again into its proper position as before, and correctly in gear.
Secondly, my Invention relates to the construction of the cylinders employed
in carding engines, and is designed for the purpose of obtaining a more
perfect cylinder and of an even thickness and weight, thereby ensuring greater
steadiness when revolving at a high velocity, a feature most essential to perfect
carding. The cylinder is constructed of wrought-iron plate, bent into the form
of a cylinder, and not "turned" on the outside; and having the ends of the
plate so shaped as to fit into or over each other and form an even lap joint;
these ends are then secured by rivetting, and for large cylinders two or more
of these cylinders are joined or connected together by rings, the junction of
the ends of one cylinder being diametrically opposite to the other in such a
manner that one joint will counterbalance or compensate for the weight of
the other during its revolution; after the cylinder is thus formed the exterior
surface is covered with strips of leather (such as old card fillets), which is
rendered even and smooth by turning or grinding the surface, as required
for clothing or covering with cards for use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel Faulkner in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th March 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
FAULKNER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day. of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Samuel Faulkner, Her especial licence, that I, the said Samuel
Faulkner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the

page_text: said Samuel Faulkner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said Samuel
Faulkner, by an instrument in writing, under my hand and seal should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Faulkner, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say:-
The first part of my Invention relates to the series of rollers called clearing
rollers employed in connection with the main and finishing carding cylinders,
as described in the Specification of Letters Patent previously granted to me,
and bearing date Twenty-fifth July, One thousand eight hundred and forty-
three, and is also applicable to other carding engines wherein small card
rollers are employed. The improvement consists in mounting a convenient
number or portion of the said series of card rollers in a separate framing or
segment distinct from the rim of the cylinder in which the remaining portion
are mounted. This framing has a hinge joint at its upper end, and is attached
to a rope or chain and counterbalance weight, so that when it is necessary to
"strip" either the main or finishing cylinders, this series or portion of rollers
may be lifted out of the way and removed at once without removing or
detaching each roller separately from its bearings, as when they are mounted
in the ordinary manner. When the cylinders have been stripped or cleaned
the framing is lowered again and each roller falls into its proper position as
before, and correctly in gear.
Secondly, my Invention relates to the construction of the cylinders em-
ployed in carding engines, and is designed for the purpose of obtaining a more
perfect cylinder and of an even thickness and weight, thereby ensuring greater
steadiness when revolving at a high velocity, a feature most essential to perfect
carding. The cylinder is constructed of wrought-iron plate, bent into the form
of a cylinder, and not "turned" on the outside; and having the ends of the

page_text: plate so shaped as to fit into or over each other, and form an even lap joint,
these ends are then secured by rivetting, and for large cylinders two or more.
of such cylinders are joined or connected together by rings; the junction of
the ends of one cylinder being diametrically opposite to the other, in such a
manner that one joint will counterbalance or compensate for the weight of the
other during its revolution; after the cylinder is thus formed the exterior
surface is covered with strips of leather (such as old card fillets), which is
rendered even and smooth by turning or grinding the surface, as required for
clothing or covering with cards for use.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made upon a scale of
about one inch and a half to a foot.
.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of that portion of the carding engine to which
these improvements relate, shewing the series of card rollers in the hinged
framing when raised from the cylinders; Figs. 2 are respectively a plan view
and section of the improved cylinder, shewing the construction of the same
with and without the outer covering of leather. In Fig. 1 a, a, is the framing
of the carding engine, and b, b, b, are the series of card rollers mounted in the
framings c, c, which turn upon the hinge joints d, d, by which means they are
rendered capable of being raised from the main cylinder where it is required to
be "stripped" and such operation being completed they may be lowered again
(by a rope or chain passing over a pulley, as shewn) and be in correct position
and gear. In Figs. 2 and 3, E is the cylinder, formed of iron plate bent into
the required shape, and having the sides of such plate secured by rivets when
more than one plate is required to form a cylinder; any number of plates may
be joined together at their extremities in width by so shaping such ends as to
fit one into the other, the joint being secured by rivets; and when more than
one plate is employed the rows or lines of rivets securing the sides are placed
diametrically opposite, as shewn in the Drawing; when the cylinder is thus
formed the outer surface is to be covered or clothed with strips of leather f
as old card fillets), which surface is ground or "turned" until sufficiently
even for covering with cards for use.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, together with the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that
I claim,-
.
First, mounting the series of card rollers b, b, in a frame separate and
distinct from that of the engine, that they may all be lifted and replaced
simultaneously when required.

page_text: And, secondly, I claim the novel construction of cylinder as applied to
carding engines for obtaining more steadiness and evenness of action when
revolving at a high speed, as herein-before described, set forth, and fully
exhibited in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Faulkner, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
SAMUEL FAULKNER. (L.S.)