Improvements in or relating to Bearings for the Axles of Carriages for Ordinary Roads, but also Applicable to other Mechanical Purposes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Feb., 1896-Accepted; 14th: Mar., 1896.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Bearings for the Axles of
Carriages for Ordinary Roads, but also Applicable to other
Mechanical Purposes.
I, GEORGE AUGUSTUS BIRCHLEY, of 97 Vincent Street, Balsall Heath,
Birmingham, Axle Turner, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to
be as follows :—
My invention for improvements in or relating to bearings for the axles of
carriages for ordinary roads, but also applicable to other mechanical purposes, will
be described in and by the following statement.
In an axle box constructed according to my invention, I form the axle box of
steel.
I make it cylindrical in general form but with each end larger in diameter than
the middle part, both inside and outside near each end are turned smooth internal
annular surfaces for the balls to run on.
.f
That part of the axle which is surrounded by the axle box I also turn cylindrical,
and I provide on it two collars of conoidal form. These collars are not formed in
one piece with the axle.
The conoidal collar at the inner end of the axle box fits the axle closely, and I
provide it with an annular projection in which a flat is formed, this annular
projection thus assumes somewhat the shape of a capital letter D in Roman type.
This annular projection fits into a correspondingly shaped recess which I form in
a fixed collar on the axle. By this means I prevent the inner conoidal collar from.
revolving on the axle.
I cut a screw thread upon the outer end of the axle and upon this I screw another
conoidal collar, which I make as a not with an internal screw, and a hexagon to fit a
spanner This conoidal collar is thus adjustable.in position lengthways on the axle.
Between the conoidal faces of the two collars (the one fixed and the other
adjustable) and the corresponding annular faces of the interior of the axle box I
place two sets of hardened steel balls, that is one set between each pair of opposite
faces these balls form the bearing in a well-known manner.
Upon the screwed part near to the outer end of the axle I form a flat place by filing
or planing away the screw threads. On that part of the axle where I have formed
the flat I place an adjustable sleeve. The central aperture in the sleeve is just
large enough to pass easily over the screwed part of the axle and I form this
aperture of a D shape so that it fits over the flattened part of the axle.
The sleeve then may be moved lengthwise on the axle but it cannot revolve
thereon. Beyond the sleeve, that is nearer to the outer end of the axle I provide
a nut screwed on to the axle, this.nut can set up the sleeve against the adjustable
conoidal collar and thus it locks the collar in its desired position.
In order to place the outer set of balls in their places without, disturbing the
carriage. I form a notch segmental, or semicircular in, shape in the outer end of
the axle box, and I form a notch of similar shape in the outer edge of the adjustable
conoidal collar. When the axle. is in use these notches are set away from each
other. When the notches are brought into a position in which they correspond

page_text: with each other the balls may be passed one by one in or out through the
approximately circular opening thus formed.
"
form a similar segmental notch in the inner end of the axle box for the
introduction or withdrawal, one by one of the balls belonging to the inner set.
But this notch is large enough to allow the balls to pass singly between the end of
the axle box and the inner conoidal collar when the screwed outer conoidal collar
is slackened back a little, and therefore there is no necessity to form any notch
on the inner conoidal collar.
I screw the outer end of the axle box interiorly, and I provide an externally
screwed cap which when screwed home covers in all the working parts and excludes
..on the dust.
Dated 15th November 1895
THOS. KENDRICK,
3 Cherry Street, Birmingham, Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Bearings for the Axles of
Carriages for Ordinary Roads, but also Applicable to other
Mechanical Purposes.
I, GEORGE AUGUSTUS BIRCHLEY of 97 Vincent Street, Balsall Heath
Birmingham, Axle Turner, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer
tained in and by the following statement.:-
My invention for improvements in or relating to bearings for the, axles of
carriages for ordinary roads, but also applicable to other mechanical purposes, will:
be described in and by the following statement.
Intan axle box constructed according to my invention I.form the axle box of
steel:
"
i
I make it cylindrical in general form but with each end larger in diameter than
the middle part, both inside and outside near each end are turned smooth internal
4 annular surfaces for the balls to run on.
That part of the axle which is surrounded by the axle box 1 also turn cylindrical,
and I provide on it two collars of conoidal. form these collars are not formed in one
piece with the axle.
"
}
:
The conoidal collar at the inner end of the axle box fits the axle closely, and I
provide it with an annular projection in which a flat is formed, this annular
projection thus assumes somewhat the shape of a capital letter Din Roman type.
This annular projection fits into a correspondingly shaped rocess which I form in
a fixed collar on the axle. By this means I prevent the inner conoidal collar from
revolving on the axle.-
"
I
j
+1.
I cut a screw' thread upon the outer end of the axle and upon this I screw another
conoidal collar, which I make as a nut with an internal screw, and a hexagon to: fit
a spänder. This conoidal collar is thus adjustable in position lengthways 'on the
axle. Between the conoidal faces' of the two collars (the one fixed and the other
adjustable) and the corresponding annular faces of the interior of the axle box I:
place two sets of hardened steel balls, that is one set between each pair of opposite
faces these balls form the bearing, in a well known manner.
Upon the screwed part near to the outer end of the axle I form a flat place by
filing or planing away the screw threads. On that part of the axle where I have
formed the flat I place an adjustable sleeve. The central aperture in the sleeve is..
just large enough to pass easily over the screwed part of the axle and I form this
aperture of a D shape so that it fits over the flattened part of the axle.

page_text: The sleeve then may be moved lengthwise on the axle but it cannot revolve
thereon beyond the sleeve, that is nearer to the outer end of the axle I provide a
nut screwed on to the axle, this nut can set up the sleeve against the adjustable
conoidal collar and thus it locks the collar in its desired position.
In order to place the outer set of balls in their places without disturbing: the
carriage I form a notch segmental, or semicircular in shape in the outer end of the
axle box, and I form a notch of similar shape in the outer edge of the adjustable
conoidal collar. When the axle is in use these notches are set away from each
other, when the notches are brought into a position in which they correspond with
each other, the balls may be passed one by one in or out through the approximately
circular opening thus formed.
I form a similar segmental notch in the inner end of the axle box for the introduction
or withdrawal, one by one of the balls belonging to the inner set but this notch. is
Inrge enough to allow the balls to pass singly between the end of the axlelbox and
the inner conoidal collar where the screwed outer conoidal collar is slackened back
a little, and therefor there is no necessity to form any notch on the inner conoidal
collar.
I screw the outer end of the axle box interiorly, and I provide an externally
screwed cap which when screwed home covers in all the working parts and excludes
dust.
:
:
1.
And in order that this my said invention may be more fully understood I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose I shall
refer to the several figures on the sheet of drawings hereunto annexed the 'same
letters of reference indicating corresponding part throughout all the figures.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view, longitudinal, shewing the bearings for the axles of
carriages for roads, and other mechanical purposes, and constructed according to
my invention.
Fig. 2 is a view in elevation of the fixed collar upon the axle.
Fig. 3 is a view in elevation of the inner conoidal collar.
Fig. 4 is a side view of same.
Fig. 5 is a side view of a second conoidal collar.
Fig. 6 is a view in elevation of same.
Fig. 7, is a view in elevation of the adjustable sleeve.
Fig. 8 is a side view of same.
Fig. 9 is a view in elevation of the lock out.
Fig. 10 is a side view of same.
Fig. 11 is a longitudinal view as Figure 1 shewing the mode of placing the inner
set of balls in.
Fig. 12 is an end view as Figure 11 with cap and parts removed, shewing the
mode of placing the outer set of balls in.
a, is the steel cylindrical axle box, with the smoothed internal annular
surfaces a a, b is the axle, passing through a, c and d are collars of conoidal form,
one at the inner end and the other at the outer end. The one at the inner end fits
the axle closely, provided with the annular projection e, el is the flat thereon, fis
the fixed collar on the axle b, with the recess and flat to receive e, thus the
inner conoidal collar c is prevented from revolving on the axle b. g is a screw
thread upon the outer end of 6 this receives the outer collar d formed as a nut d'
so that d is adjustable, upon b, hh' are the conoidal faces of the collars c d and
between these faces and the faces a¹ a³ are placed the two sets of balls i and ¿¹
and thus I form the bearings. j is the flat formed on 'upon which is placed the
adjustable sleeve k, with the D shaped aperture 1, and sexagon recess m, to pasa
over the nut thus preventing the collard revolving. n is the lock nut on 6 for
setting up the sleeve against the collar d. o is the segmental or semicircular
notch in the outer end of a, and p is a similar shape notch in the outer edge of d
When these notches are brought into position with each other the balls i may be
passed in or out through the approximately circular openings thus formed. q is
a similar shaped notch at the inner end of a, to receive the balls i one by one, if the

page_text: collar d is slackened a little back it will admit the balls to pass without forming
a notch on the collar c. ris a cap screwed to correspond with the screwed end of
the axle box a and screwed up covers all the working parts, and excludes dust.
Furthermore I do not limit myself to the drawings only as illustrative of my
invention, nor to form or details of construction, but contemplate necessary or
desirable changes, in the construction, and the substitution 'of equivalent members,
without departing essentially from the principle of my said invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
In "Improvements in or relating to bearings for the axles of carriages, for
ordinary. roads, but also applicable to other mechanical purposes
"
1. The combination, the steel axle box a, provided with internal annular
surfaces a a³, the conoidal collar c, with faces h for receiving the balls i, the annular
projection e with flat el, the fixed collar with recess and flat, to receive e
and the conoidal collar d, formed as a nut d' with faces h' for receiving the
balls, the flat j on the axle b, the sleeve k, with D aperture and recess m, the
lock nut and the cap r, the notches o and p provided in the axle box a, and in
the collar d for passing the outer set of balls in, the notch q in the axle box a
for passing the inner set of balls i in, substantially as and for the purpose herein
before described.
}
2. The general, construction combination and arrangement of parts substantially
as herein before described in the foregoing Specification and illustrated upon the
accompanying sheet of drawings.
THOS. KENDRICK,
3 Cherry Street, Birmingham, Agent,