IMPROVEMENTS IN and Manufacturers, for the Invention of MAR AND DOUPLING FIBROUS MATERIALS Carva OR
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Bernhardt, of the Firm of J. C. Milns
and Co., Radcliffe, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinners
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
and Manufacturers, for the Invention of
MAR
AND DOUPLING FIBROUS MATERIALS
Carva
OR
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Bernhardt at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd April 1870.
I, GEORGE BERNHARDT, of the Firm of J. C. Milns and Co., Radcliffe,
in the County of Lancaster, Spinners and Manufacturers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLI-
CABLE TO MACHINES POR SPINNING AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be
as follows: -
My improvements relate to mechanism for doffing, and are made upon
those for which Letters Patent were granted to me, No. 1466, and dated
the 17th May, A.D. 1867, and No. 2884, and dated the 19th September,
A.D. 1868.

page_text: Firstly. My improvements relate to the doffing of flyer throstles, and
consist in an improved arrangement and combination, namely, in em-
ploying a shaft passing from end to end of the frame, and having
bearings in a bar in front of the roller beam, and in forming on or
fixing the hooks for the flyers and the guide wires for the thread in
this shaft, so that when the shaft is turned the hooks will be brought
forward into the position to come against or carry the flyers when
the bar in front of the roller beam is lifted to remove the flyers from
the spindles. When the shaft is turned back into its position when
spinning the hooks are out of the way and are covered up by an inclined
sliding plate. The empty bobbins may be slided forward directly or
diagonally by means of a bobbin pusher plate and diagonal slots.
Another improved arrangement for doffing flyer throstles consists in a
system or mode by which the flyers are only lifted sufficiently to remove
them from the tops of the spindles, they being then carried to one side to
come opposite to the spaces between the bobbins when spinning. This
is accomplished by mounting the hooks for carrying the flyers on a shaft
which extends from end to end of the frame; this shaft can be turned
to bring the hooks into the position to arrange and then take the flyers,
and then it can be slided in the direction of its length to carry the
flyers to the position the are to occupy when doffing. In this arrange-
ment the guide wires are hinged separately to a plate which can be
slided endways, and the empty bobbin pusher is also mounted on the
same plate, so that when end movement is given to the shaft carrying
the flyers to one side the guide wire plate and empty bobbin carrier and
pusher will be moved at the same time. The bobbin pusher is actuated
by a sliding rod or plate and by pins or studs and diagonal slots. The
empty bobbins are placed in the spaces between the threads when
spinning.
Secondly. My improvements relate to arrangements for doffing ring
and traveller spinning and doubling frames, and the first improvement
to be described under this head relates more particularly to ring and
traveller doubling frames, where a considerable space may be left
between the guide wire for the thread and top of the spindle. The
improvements applicable to this arrangement consist in hinging the
guide wire board so that it will turn back out of the way when the ring
rail comes against it in the act of doffing, the guide wire board falling

page_text: again when the ring rail descends. The covering up plates are actuated
by racks and pinions instead of cords and pulleys.
Another part of my Invention relates to the construction of bobbins
which are to be driven by pins, and consists in forming an undercut
circular recess in the bottom of the bobbin, into which a metal ring
(by preference of steel) is sprung having projections for the pins to
act upon.
The improvements to be herein-after described refer more particularly
to machinery for spinning.
One improvement relates to the form of the "ring" for the traveller,
and consists in making it with an internal projection below the head
of the ring to prevent the thread from getting out of the traveller by
accident when doffing.
My next improvement relates to "ring and traveller" spinning frames,
and consists in arranging the front of the roller beam carrying the guide
wires so as to be lifted by the motion which lifts the ring rail, by
causing this latter to come against the former in the act of lifting. The
bobbins are driven by loose collars which fit cones on the spindles, so
as to drive by friction, and these collars are lifted along with the bobbins
by the bobbin lifting rail, the thread having been previously wound
round the collar while spinning just before doffing, and when the full
bobbin is discharged the threads between the bobbins and the loose
collars are cut by the disc cutter patented by me (No. 1466, A.D.
1867). The empty bobbins are placed when spinning between the
threads, and are slided forward diagonally by means of slots and pins.
The loose collars have to be kept below the upper surface of the lifting
rail when the full bobbins are being lifted by a sliding plate or other
arrangement, or the threads between the collars and bobbins are cut
while spinning by a knife slided from end to end along the bobbin
rail.
Another modification consists of the following arrangement and com-
bination-The guide wires are hinged separately and holes are made
for the empty bobbins in a board which has a hinged bottom that falls
to allow the bobbins to drop when the board is advanced diagonally to
place the bobbins over the spindles. The thread is wound while spinning
(just before doffing) upon a collar fast upon the spindle, and the full
bobbin is lifted and the thread is broken between the bobbin and spindle
in the act of lifting, and to facilitate this the collar and bottom of the

page_text: bobbin is serrated to prevent the thread from unwinding.
The full
bobbins are lifted by a plate upon the ring rail, or by the ring rail alone,
which is slided to one side when the ring rail is lowered by an incline,
so that the edge of each ring comes under the head of its bobbin, the
ring rail being again brought to its true central position by another.
incline when it arrives at the highest part of its movement. The ring
rail may be hinged in place of sliding, and held at the required
inclination when doffing, or in its true position, as when spinning, by a
series of spring catches or latches, which are brought into operation by
inclines when the ring rail is lowered below or raised above the path
in which it reciprocates when spinning.
Another improvement relates to spinning or doubling frames with a
"dead" or fixed spindle, a tube rotating upon the dead spindle, and
consists in causing the tube to be suspended upon the top of the dead
spindle, the top and bottom only of the tube fitting the dead spindle,
the intermediate portion of which is cylindrical and of smaller diameter.
The oil is supplied at the top of the tube and lubricates the upper and
then descends to the lower bearing.
Another improvement when driving the bobbins by friction consists
in making them fit conical parts of the spindle, or the spindle and a
collar thereon at the top and bottom of the bobbin only.
Another improvement applicable to both flyer and ring spinning and
doubling frames when doffing consists in using apparatus like camp.
stools to open and shut, having canvas troughs to receive the full
bobbins when discharged from the spindles.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Bernhardt in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 17th October 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
BERNHARDT, of the Firm of J. C. Milns & Co., of Radcliffe, in the
County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinners and Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-

page_text: third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said George Bernhardt, Her special license, that
I, the said George Bernhardt, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said George Bernhardt, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLI-
CABLE TO MACHINES FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Bernhardt, by
an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed.
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Bernhardt, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that
is to say) :-
My improvements relate to mechanism for doffing, and are made upon
those for which Letters Patent were granted to me, No. 1466, and dated
the Seventeenth May, in the year of our Lord One thousand cight
hundred and sixty-seven, and No. 2884, and dated the Nineteenth
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-eight.
Firstly. My improvements relate to the doffing of flyer throstles, and
one improvement consists in an arrangement and combination, namely,
in employing a shaft passing from end to end of the frame, and having
bearings in the ends of vertical bars in front of the roller beam, and in
forming on or fixing the hooks for the flyers and the guide wires for
the threads in this shaft, so that when the shaft is turned the hooks
will be brought forward into the position to come against or carry the
flyers when the vertical bars in front of the roller beam is lifted to
remove the flyers from the spindles. When the shaft is turned back
into its position when spinning, the hooks are out of the way, and are
covered up by an inclined sliding plate. The employ bobbins may be

page_text: süⱭeⱭ forward directly or diagonally by means of a bobbin puslier plate
and diagonal slots.
The above described improvements are illustrated by Fig. 1 of the
Drawings, which Figure represents a partial cross section of a throstle
frame with my improvements applied. On the left hand the parts are
shown in the position which they occupy when spinning, and on the
right in one of the positions they occupy when doffing. A is the
framing; a, the drum or roller; b, the upper, and 6, the lower spindle
rails; c, shafts for actuating the copping rail (d); d¹, rods which have
the copping rail at their upper ends; d, projections from the lower ends
of the rods which come under the ends of the vertical rods e for lifting
the flyers when doffing, as shown on the right of Fig. 1; f is the
front roller. The parts above referred to are either old and well known
or are similar to those described in the Specifications of my Patents
herein-before mentioned. e¹ is a shaft having bearings in the projections
from the vertical rods or bars (e). On the shaft (e¹) hooks and pro-
jections e² are formed (one set for each flyer) similar to those described
in the Specification of my Patent "No. 1466, A.D. 1867." In the same
shaft (e) the wire curls e³ are fixed for the threads. When the frame
is spinning the shaft c¹ is turned into the position shown on the left
side of Fig. 1, where the back of the hooks come close under the thin
plate g which carries the empty bobbins, and the hooks are covered by
the inclined plate h, which may be arranged with diagonal slots and pins,
so that when pushed endways it will rise and fall to cover or uncover
the hooks as required. When doffing the shaft e¹ is turned so that the
hooks and wire curls come into the position shewn on the right of Fig. 1;
the empty bobbin rails g¹ are then slided forwards as shewn by the
shafts g, and by pinions and toothed racks on the slide rods g³, or other
suitable means. The shafts e¹ may be each turned separately by a
handle, shewn in dotted line, or the shafts for both sides of the frame
may be geared together to be actuated by one handle.
I
Another modification for doffing flyer throstles consists in a system
or mode by which the flyers are only lifted sufficiently to remove them
from the tops of the spindles, they being then carried to one side to
come opposite to the centre of the spaces between the bobbins when
spinning. This is accomplished by mounting the hooks for carrying
the flyers on a shaft which extends from end to end of the frame. This
shaft can be turned to bring the hooks into the position to arrange and

page_text: then take the flyers, and then it can be slided in the direction of its
length to carry the flyers to the position they are to occupy when
doffing. In this arrangement the guide wires are hinged separately to
a plate which can be slided cudways, and the empty bobbin pusher
is also mounted on the same plate, so that when end movement is given
to the shaft carrying the flyers to one side the guide wire plate and
empty bobbin carrier and pusher will be moved at the same time. The
bobbin pusher is actuated by a sliding rod or plate, and by pins or
studs and diagonal slots. The empty bobbins are placed in the spaces
between the threads when spinning.
The modification last described is illustrated by Fig. 2, a partial cross
section showing the parts in the position they occupy when spinning.
Fig. 3 another partial cross section showing the parts in the -position
they occupy when the full bobbin has been discharged when doffing; and
Fig. 4 is a partial plan view of the plates and parts for actuating the
empty bobbins and the flyers in the position they occupy when the
empty bobbins have been brought over the spindles. e¹ is a shaft passing
from end to end of the frame; upon it are arms e* to which bars (e*) are
secured in suitable lengths, which bars have a projection (e²) with hooks
for each flyer, as shewn; g is a thin plate passing from end to end of
the machine; it rests upon projections from the framing, to which it is
secured by screws (9¹) that pass through slots in it which allow the
plate to move endways. To this plate a "wire curl" e³ for each spindle
is jointed. Above the plate there is a bar (92) which passes from cnd
to end of the frame, and this bar is kept in its place by the screws (9')
which pass through slots in it so that it can be moved endways. In the
bar g there are pins ³ at suitable intervals which fit diagonal slots (g')
in a thin plate or pusher g³ above the bar g², this pusher being also
secured by the screws (9¹) which pass through slots go and g' in it.
The mode of doffing with the above-described mechanism is as
follows: The empty bobbins are placed upon the plate g¹ between the
threads, as shewn in Fig. 2, the machine is stopped with the copping
rail in about the position shewn in Fig. 2, then the shaft e¹ is turned so
far as to bring the hooks e against the legs of the flyers to get them all
in the same position, then the spindles are turned by turning the tin
drum as explained in the Specification of my said Patent, No. 1466,
1867, and the flyers are struck to loosen them; then the shaft e¹ is
turned until the hooks are nearly in their horizontal position, it is then

page_text: slided endways to bring the hooks under the legs of the flyers, as shewn
in Fig. 4. The spindles are now. rotated to unscrew the flyers, which
are then held above the tops of the spindles, as shown in Fig. 3, and
now the shaft c', plates g and g³, bar g², and the empty bobbins which
they carry are all simultaneously slided endways until the flyers come
midway between the spindles, as shown in Fig. 4, the empty bobbins by
this movement being brought opposite to the spindles. Now the
copping rail (d) is lifted until it comes level with the tops of the
spindles, as shown in Fig. 3, then the bar g² is moved endways, the
pins ³ in it act upon the diagonal slots (g) and force the plate or
pusher (95) and thus the empty bobbins forward, and at the same time
push off the full bobbins into any suitable receptacle. The slots (97) in
the pusher through which the screws (¹) pass keep the plate g³ opposite
the spindles while the bobbins are being pushed forward. The bobbin
pusher plate is next withdrawn and the copping rail is lowered, and the
plates and bars are all slided back to bring the flyers over the spindles ;
the shaft e¹ is then turned to lower the flyers upon the ends of the
spindles, and they are then screwed on the spindles, and then the
shaft e¹ is turned to its position, shown in Fig. 2. The spindles are now
turned to wind thread from the full to the empty bobbins, and the
threads are then cut between the full and empty bobbins by the rotating
disc, as described in the Specifications of my said Patent, No. 1466,
A.D. 1867, and this completes the doffing operation. The shaft e¹ may
be held when turned into the position shown in Fig. 3 by a pin, latch, or
other means while the other doffing operations are being performed.
Secondly. My improvements relate to arrangements for doffing, ring,
and traveller spinning and doubling frames.
The first improvement to be described under this head relates more
particularly to ring and traveller doubling frames where a considerable
space may be left between the guide wire for the thread and the top of
the spindle. The improvements applicable to this arrangement consist
in hinging the guide wire board so that it will turn back out of the way
when the ring rail comes against it in the act of doffing the guide wire,
falling again when the ring rail descends. The covering up plates are
actuated by racks and pinions instead of cords and pulleys.
The improvements last described are illustrated by Fig. 5, a partial
cross section. A, the framing; b, the upper, and the lower spindle
rail; d³, the lifting rail; c, the copping motion shaft; c*, the shaft for

page_text: connecting the clutch boxes for disconnecting the copping motion on
both sides of the frame when doffing; g*, one of the tubes for the empty
bobbins; g³, rail for carrying same, and g³, one of the slides which carries
the rail; g is the shaft for actuating the empty bobbin slides; g is the
beam upon which the empty bobbins rest; f, front roller, and f¹ roller
stands. It will be seen that the ring rail d will lift the guide wire
board to the vertical position as shewn. The covering plate his
secured to the ends of vertical sliding rods h¹ having racks that geer with
a wheel loose on the shaft C, but there is a finger in a boss on this shaft
which comes against a notch or stud in the wheel when the shaft has
turned beyond the extent. required for the copping motion, and the
covering plate begins to lower about the time the bobbins are lifted
from the spindles by the rail d³.
Another part of my Invention relates to the construction of bobbins'
which are to be driven by pins in collars secured upon the spindles, and
consists in forming an under cut circular recess in the bottom of the.
bobbin, into which a metal ring (by preference of steel) is sprung,
having projections for the pins to act upon. Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are
sections of the lower parts of two forms of bobbins with the rings
applied according to my Invention. The bobbin shewn by Fig. 7 is
intended to be used for doffing by mechanism, having grooves, or notches
in its head. Fig. 8 is a section, and Figs. 9 and 10 are edge views of
different forms of rings, and Figs. 11, 12, and 13 respectively plan
views of the same. x are projections for the pins to act against; ¹is
a projection which may enter a notch in the bobbin to prevent the ring
from turning.
The improvements which are herein-after described refer more par-
ticularly to machinery for spinning.
68
One improvement relates to the form of the "ring" for the
'traveller," and consists in making it with an internal projection below
the head of the ring to prevent the thread from getting out of the
traveller by accident when doffing. This improved form of "ring" is
shown by Fig. 14. y is the internal projection referred to.
My next improvement relates to ring and traveller spinning frames,
and consists in arranging the front of the roller beam carrying the guide
wires so as to be lifted by the motion which lifts the ring rail by causing
the latter to come against the former in the act of lifting. The bobbins
in this modification are driven by loose collars, which fit cones upon the

page_text: spindles so as to drive by friction, and these collars are lifted along with
the bobbins by the lifting rail, the thread having been previously wound
round the collar while spinning just before doffing, and when the full
bobbins are discharged the threads between the bobbins and the loose
collars are cut by the disc cutter patented by me (No. 1466, A.D. 1867).
The empty bobbins may be placed when spinning between the threads,
and slided forward diagonally by means of slots and pins, or they may
be slided forward directly. The loose collars have to be kept below
the upper surface of. the lifting rail when the full bobbins are being
lifted, and this is done by a sliding plate or other arrangement, or the
threads between the collar and bobbin are cut while spinning by a knife
slided from end to end along the bobbin rail.
The last described improvements are illustrated by Fig. 15, a cross
section of some of the parts; Fig. 16, a sectional view of the loose collar
upon the spindle; and Fig. 17, a plan of part of the lifting rail. A is
the framing; b, the upper spindle rail; 6, a part of one of the spindles;
93, the empty bobbin rail; g³, one of the slides for the rail; g³, the shaft
for giving the slide motion through the arm gs. The guide wire board es
is secured to vertical rods e sliding on suitable guides. When the ring
rail d ascends to doff, it comes against a projection under the guide wire
board and lifts it into the position shown in dotted line in Fig. 15. The
holes in the guide wire board for the empty bobbins are now clear of
the tops of the empty bobbins, which can be then pushed forward as the
lifting rail d' will have ascended to the position shown in dotted line
in Fig. 15, and in this ascent will have lifted the loose collars and
bobbins; dis the thin sliding plate upon the upper side of the bobbin
lifting rail (ds), it has holes which coincide with those in the rail, but
can be slided endways so that the holes in the plate will partially
overlap or cover those in the lifting rail, and thus prevent the collars (6³)
from being pulled by the drag of the threads when the full bobbins fall
off into the trough above the level of the surface of the lifting rail.
Another modification consists of an arrangement and combination
described as follows:-The guide wires are hinged separately, and holes
are made for the empty bobbins in a board which has a hinged bottom
that falls to allow the bobbins to drop when the board is advanced
diagonally to place the bobbins over the spindles. The thread is wound
while spinning (just before doffing) upon a collar fast upon the spindle,
and the full bobbin is lifted and the thread is broken between the bobbin

page_text: and spindle in the act of lifting, and to facilitate this the collar and
bottom of the bobbin is serrated to prevent the thread from unwinding.
The full bobbins are lifted by a plate upon the ring rail, or by the ring
rail alone, which is slided to one side when the ring rail is lowered by
an incline, so that the edge of cach ring comes under the head of its
bobbin, the ring rail being again brought to its central position by
another incline when it arrives at the highest part of its movement.
The ring rail may be hinged in place of sliding, and held at the required
inclination when doffing, or in its truc position, as when spinning, by a
series of spring catches or latches which are brought into operation by
inclines or stops when the ring rail is lowered below or raised above the
path in which it reciprocates when spinning.
The modificationlast described is illustrated by Fig. 18, a cross
sectional elevation of a ring and traveller spinning frame according to
my Invention. A is the framing; the upper, and b¹ the lower spindle
rails; b, the spindles; d, the sliding rods to the upper ends of which tho
ring rails d are hinged. These rods (d¹) are actuated by jointed chains,
pulleys, and shafts (C) in the usual manner. The two shafts (C) have
clutches connected by a cross shaft shown in dotted line so that they
may be disconnected from the copping motion when doffing. The ring
rails d are hinged to the upper end of each rod d', as shown, and in
each rail there are one or more pins d*, which will come against
the upper surface of the upper spindle rail (b) when the ring rail is
lowered sufficiently, and this will cause the ring rail to assume the
inclined position shewn on the left hand side of Fig. 18, in which
position it is kept by a wedge d' carried by a spring do secured to the
upper end of the vertical rods (d') as shown. When the ring rail is lifted
to a given position the inclined end of the sping dª will come against
a stop d', which will cause it to be forced back so as to withdraw the
wedge d, and this will allow the ring rail to assume its horizontal
position, as when spinning and as shown on the right hand side of Fig. 18.
The empty bobbin rail and board for the guide wires are connected
together as shown best by Fig. 19, a plan of a part of a rail at one end.
This bobbin rail consists of a board g¹ having holes through it which
are opposite to the spaces between the spindles when the rail is in the
position shewn on the left of Fig. 18, and to the under side of the rail
a bottom
g is hinged which is held up in the position shewn on the left of
Fig. 18 by a spring piece g³ secured to the roller beam, which spring acts

page_text: upon a tail part (*) projecting from the hinged bottom. When the
rail g¹ is moved forward the tail g* is released from the spring g' at the
moment the rail has arrived in the position where the empty bobbins are
over the spindles, and the hinged bottom then falls, and the bobbins
descend upon the spindles. The hinged bottom has parts of its front
edge cut away opposite the spindles so as not to come in contact with
them when it falls. The hinged bottom is closed by coming against
the end of a double finger gª jointed to a bracket at g7, as shewn, when
the rail is moved back, the tail part g* coming against the upper part of
the inclined end of the spring projection g³ so as to force it. slightly to
one side until it has passed the end of the projection, which then springs
back and holds the tail part. The guide wires e³ are each fixed in a part
hinged separately to the empty bobbin rail, as shown in Fig. 19. The
empty bobbin rails are secured to the framing by screws passing through
diagonal slots g8 (see Fig. 19), and therefore when end movement is
given to the rails they move diagonally until the empty bobbins come
over the tops of the spindles. The two rails, one for each side of the
frame, may have end motion imparted to them by a cross shaft and onc
lever handle 10, shown in dotted line, there being one arm upon the
shaft for each rail, the end of which arm enters a cross slot in the end of
the rail so as to permit it to move laterally while end movement is
given by the arm. When the doffing operation is to be performed the
copping motion is disconnected by means of the clutch box shaft, then
the ring rails & are lowered by the hand wheel to wind on a little
thread upon the collar below the bobbin, then the machine is stopped,
the ring rail is still further lowered to bring it into the position shown
on the left side of Fig. 18, then it is lifted, and the edge of each ring
will come under the head of its bobbin. The head of the bobbin and
the edges of the collar have notches in them which prevent the thread
from uncoiling, so that it will break between the bobbin and collar
(which is fast to the spindle) when the bobbin is lifted by the edge of
the ring rail. When the bobbin ascends the spindle its end comes
against the guide wire e³ which lifts, and when the ring rail comes level
with the top of the spindles the full bobbins will be forced off and caused
to fall into a suitable receptacle or on to the floor. At this time the
incline of the spring wedge will have come against the stop (d'), and will
release the ring rail, which will assume its horizontal position, the face of
the spring wedge acting on a slight incline upon the edge of the ring rail
so as to help to keep it in that position. The ring rail may now be

page_text: lower to the position to begin spinning, and the copping motion con-
nected, and while this is being done the empty bobbin rail may be
slided forwards, and this will instantly discharge the empty bobbins upon
the spindles, and thus the doffing operation will be completed, the whole
operation being performed in about thirty seconds. A little slack thread
may be given when doffing, as explained in the Specification of my
Patent, No. 2884, A.D. 1868.
[6
Another improvement relates to spinning or doubling frames with a
dead" or fixed spindle having a tube rotating upon the dead spindle,
and consists in causing the tube to be suspended upon the top of the
dead spindle, the top and bottom only of the tube fitting the dead
spindle, the intermediate portion of which is cylindrical and of smaller
diameter. The oil is supplied at the top of the tube and lubricates the
upper and then descends to the lower bearing. This is illustrated by
Fig. 20, a partial cross section, where is the dead spindle fixed in a
rail b, and is the tube which rotates upon it; is a hook to keep the
tube down when the bobbin is removed. The other parts shown in the
Figure are supposed to be similar to those described in reference to
Fig. 18.
Another improvement when driving the bobbins by friction consists in
making them to fit conical parts of the spindle, or the spindle and a
collar thercon at the top and bottom of the bobbin only. This is
illustrated in Fig. 20, m being the bobbin.
Another improvement, applicable to both flyer and ring spinning and
doubling frames for doffing, consists in using apparatus like camp stools
to open and shut, having canvas troughs to receive the full bobbins when
discharged from the spindles. This is illustrated by Fig. 21 as applied to
Fig. 18. n are legs jointed together at n' and prevented from opening too
far by a cord at n²; two pairs of these legs are connected together by rods
at 3, to and between which the canvas (n) is secured. The length
between each pair of legs is only limited by convenience as they are
carried from one frame to another as required, and as many lengths are
used as are necessary for each machine placed end to end.
I have now particularly described the nature of my Invention,
and the manner of carrying the same into effect, and claim as my
Invention,―

page_text: Firstly. The improved combination and arrangement for doffing
flyer throstles herein-before described and illustrated by Fig. 1 of the
Drawings.
Secondly. The system or mode and combination and arrangement of
mechanism for doffing flyer throstles substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated by Figs. 2, 3, and 4 of the Drawings.
Thirdly. The hinging of the guide wire board in ring and traveller
machines so as to be lifted by the ring rail and the actuation of the
covering plates (/) by rack substantially as herein-before described and
illustrated by Fig. 5 of the Drawings.
Fourthly. The system or mode of constructing bobbins with a ring
having projections for driving substantially as herein-before described
and illustrated by Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 of the Drawings.
Fifthly. The forming of the "rings" with a projection (y) sub-
stantially as herein-before described and illustrated by Fig. 14 of the 1
Drawings.
Sixthly. The arrangement of the front part of the roller beam and
guide wire board on vertical slides so as to be lifted by the ring rail
when doffing, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by
Fig. 15 of the Drawings.
Seventhly. The driving of the bobbins by friction by means of a loose
collar as illustrated by Fig. 16, and the system or mode of doffing by
lifting the collar and bobbin together, and cutting the threads, also
the arrangement for keeping down the collars below the lifting plate
and the alternative method of cutting the threads between the collars 2
and bobbins while spinning, substantially as herein-before described and
illustrated by Figs. 15, 16, and 17 of the Drawings.
Eighthly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism and the
system or mode of lifting and discharging the full bobbins by a plate
upon the ring rail or by the ring rail itself, and the mode of bringing 3
the empty bobbins forward over the spindles, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by Figs. 18 and 19.
Ninthly. The arrangement of "dead spindle" and tube and the
mode of driving bobbins as herein-before described and illustrated by
Fig. 20.
3

page_text: Tenthly. The mode of constructing receptacles for the full bobbins in
doffing by mechanism substantially as herein-before described and
illustrated by Fig. 21 of the Drawings.
In witness whercof, I, the said George Bernhardt, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
GEO. BERNHARDT. (L.S.)