Improvements in Refrigerators for Milk and other Fluids.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 15th Dec., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Refrigerators for Milk and other Fluids.
I, BERNHARD BÖGGILD, of Frydendalsvej 2, Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of
Denmark, Dairy Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Bacterial researches have long ago proved, that in many cases it is of special
importance for the durability of milk and other fluids that the temperature be
quickly brought down. In dairying it is a serious drawback and a daily source of
annoyance and loss that the milk fresh from the cow is yielded at a temperature
considerably higher than that of the surrounding air, which results in its decreasing
in quality before it can come under treatment in the dairy, whereby the products
obtained from the milk are depreciated in value and consequently in price. If the
milk is at once cooled after the milking process many inconveniences and great
losses will be avoided, while a considerable gain will result to the agriculturists
through the general improvement of the dairy-products.
The cooling apparatus hitherto employed may be very adequate as far as a
considerable cooling-down of great quantities of fluid is concerned, but they are
cumbersome to move and are, moreover; expensive to buy, difficult to keep clean
and require a considerable quantity of cold water or ice, consequently they have
found no general employment where only small quantities of fluids are to be cooled
as for instance is the case with the majority of the farmers delivering milk to the
present centrifugal-dairies. As a rule the farmers have hitherto placed the milk-
pail in water while it follows that want of water or difficulties in procuring
sufficient water or ice very often cause the cooling-down to be very slow or that the
milk is polluted by sprays from the water, which very often is anything but clean;
and hitherto the want of a cheap and durable apparatus, easy to transport and easy
to clean and which does not demand the necessity of water or ice has made itself
deeply felt.
The object of the present invention is to meet this want by the production of au
apparatus possessing the following advantages ;-
(1) The apparatus produces a very effective airing and a speedy cooling of the
fluid without the use of water, ice or the like. By repeatedly employing the
apparatus, the fluid may in very short time be brought down to a temperature only
slightly higher than that of the surrounding air.
(2) It is simple and easy to employ; it may be placed on any bucket or pail,
thus rendering it possible that the milk of one cow be cooled while another one is
being milked, the milk from each cow thus being effectually aired and considerably
cooled down within a lapse of a few minutes.
'
(3) It is very durable and not easily put out of order; and
(4) It is easy to clean, easy to carry about and cheap to construct.
In the accompanying drawing which illustrates my invention :-
Figure 1 Sheet No. 1 is a vertical section of one form my improved apparatus
may assume, and
Figure 2 Sheet No. 1 is a view in plan thereof.
Figure 3 Sheet No. 2 is a view in vertical elevation of another form my invention
may assume, and
Figure 4 Sheet No. 2 is a view in vertical elevation of a modification thereof.
Throughout the views similar parts are marked with like letters of reference.
The cooling-surface A consists of a cylinder of thin metal plate or other suitable

page_text: material. This cylinder is reduced at its upper end to form a short neck B, and at
its lower end it has several openings C.
As a modification the cooling-surface may consist of a corrugated cylinder
having the corrugations arranged either as parallel rings as shown by Figure 3 or
as spirals as shown by Figure 4.
The regulator D consists of a bowl of any suitable material shaped to fit round
the neck B of the cooling cylinder A. Holes E are provided in the bottom of this
bowl in such a number and of such a size that the outlet of the fluid through the
holes takes place with a predetermined speed having regard to the desired degree
of cooling and the time available.
The tray F, whose diameter is somewhat larger than that of the cooling
cylinder A or than that of the largest container upon which it is to be placed, is
formed of a plate of metal or other suitable material, and at its centre is a spout G,
while its outside edge is slightly flanged.
The use of the apparatus is as follows:-
On top of the milk-pail or other container, in which the milk is to be conveyed
from the stable or milking-place, the tray F is placed, on which the cooling
cylinder A is put with the regulator D on it. The milk from each cow is at once
poured into the regulator D, and running out slowly through the holes E, it oozes
down the cooling surface of the cylinder A in a very thin layer-consequently
offering a very large surface to the influence of the air-and gathering in the
tray F, it flows through the openings C through the spout G into the milk-
container.
Gradually as the natural heat of the milk is warming up the cooling-surface and
thereby the air inside the cylinder, an air-current through the refrigerator is
produced by the warm air mounting through the neck while the fresh cool air enters
through the notches C in the cooling cylinder.
It will be obvious that the apparatus may also be employed for the airing and
cooling of any other fluid.
I wish it to be particularly understood that I do not limit myself to the precise
details of construction hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings, but that I hold myself at liberty to make such changes and alterations as
fairly fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
(1) The improvements in refrigerators for milk and other fluids, substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
(2) An apparatus for cooling milk and other fluids, consisting essentially of a
cooling-surface such as A, of a regulator such as D arranged over or on its top
and having holes such as E through which the milk or other fluid may ooze down
the cooling-surface and thus be cooled off by the influence of the air, as set forth.
(3) The combination with an apparatus for cooling milk and other fluids as
claimed by the preceding claim, of a tunnel shaped tray such as F the diameter of
which is larger than that of the cooling surface and having at its centre a spout
such as G, the outside edge H of the tray being turned upwards so as to gather the
fluid coming down the cooling-surface and conduct it into a bucket or other
container below the tray, as set forth.
Dated this 14th day of November 1894
ROBERT E. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.