Improvements relating to Joints or Couplings for Connecting Earthenware or other Material Water Closet Pans to Iron or. other Material Soil Pipes, and also for Connecting or Jointing and Coupling Together, Vertically or otherwise, Iron or other Material Soil, Ventilating, or other Sanitary Pipes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 14th July, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 16th Apr., 1895-Accepted, 24th May, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Joints or Couplings for Connecting
Earthenware or other Material Water Closet Pans to Iron or.
other Material Soil Pipes, and also for Connecting or Jointing
and Coupling Together, Vertically or otherwise, Iron or
other Material Soil, Ventilating, or other Sanitary Pipes.
I EDWARD CHRISFIELD of Spring Gardens House Milton-next-Sittingbourne
in the County of Kent Sanitary Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved method of connecting or jointing the outlet
spigots of earthenware (or other material) water closet pans to iron (or other
material) soil or sewage pipes so that the connection of the said water closet pan
to the said soil or sewage pipe may be perfectly gas and water tight, and further so
that the said joint or connection may be easily adjustable, disconnected, replaced,
repacked and made good at any time.
"
My invention also relates to applying this same form of joint or coupling to
connect and joint together in a vertical or other position, lengths of the aforesaid soil,
sewage or ventilating pipes thus forming in the usual way (but with an improved form
of joint) in some cases vertical stacks of pipes and in other cases horizontal lines of
pipes. My joints or couplings are applicable and may be used to water. closet pans
having either a "shoot out" spigot or a "shoot down" spigot by the term "shoot
out I mean that the outlet spigot of the water closet pan in this case projects from
the back of the pan inclining at an angle indicating that the soil or sewage pipe is
to pass thro' an external wall, and the continuation of such said soil or sewage pipe
is to be situated on the outside of such said external wall of a building; by the
term "shoot down" I mean that the outlet spigot of the water closet pan in this
case is also situate at the back of such said pan but points plumb in a downward
direction indicating that the soil or sewage pipe is to be situate within the building
and is to pass thro' the floor or floors of such said building.
According to my said invention I form my aforesaid joints in the following
manner miz. -the shape or form of my said joint or coupling for jointing water
closet paus to soil or sewage pipes and also for coupling and jointing together stacks
(or otherwise) of such said iron soil, sewage or ventilation pipes is of the description
shewn in the accompanying drawings and commonly known in mechanical engineering
as a "gland and stuffing box" similar to the glands and stuffing boxes on the
cylinder covers of steam engines, pump barrel covers and the like; these stuffing
boxes I cause to be cast on the iron soil, sewage or ventilation pipes and on these
stuffing boxes are cast lugs into which are tapped and screwed stud bolts of any
convenient size; attached to and operating with these said stuffing boxes by means
of the aforesaid studs and their nuts I provide glands for compressing the stuffing
or jointing material in the said stuffing boxes.
The mode or manner in which I connect a water closet pan to my said joint or
coupling is as follows riz.-I place the soil or sewage pipe in its proper and
required position either thro' an external wall as in the case of a "shoot out" type
of closet pan, or thro' a floor in the case of a "shoot down" type of closet pan, in
either case I then adjust in its proper and required position the closet pan, so as to

page_text: allow of the insertion of its outlet spigot into the stuffing box of the said soil or
sewage pipe having first slipped the aforesaid gland piece on to the said outlet spigot
of the closet pan and temporarily secured it in a position as far back as may be
necessary so as to allow of the operation of filling and caulking the stuffing box
with the necessary packing, stuffing or jointing material; for this packing, stuffing
or jointing material I use any convenient material such as hemp gaskin saturated
in Russian tallow, asbestos engine packing, oakum or the like; after having partially
consolidated and compressed this said packing or jointing material by hand by
means of an ordinary caulking tool and hammer, I then bring the gland piece to its
proper position for operating upon and further compressing the said packing
material, and by means of the stud bolts and nuts operated by a spanner the gland
piece may now be tightened up and compressed on to the said packing to any
required degree of pressure so as to obtain a thoroughly water and gas tight joint.
In the operation of erecting stacks or laying horizontal lines of the said iron or
other material soil or sewage pipes, the method of inserting the spigot ends of the
pipes into the stuffing boxes of the engaging pipes and filling and caulking the
stuffing boxes with packing material and the tightening up and compressing
the gland pieces upon the said packing is intended to be performed similar to the
manner herein before described for the jointing up of a closet pan to a soil or
sewage pipe.
In the accompanying drawings I have shewn how my invention may be conveniently
and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 shews my method, mode or manner in which I connect the spigots of
water closet pans by means of my gland and stuffing box joint to iron soil, or
sewage or ventilation pipes; and this sheet also shews the manner in which I utilise
my said joint for connecting and jointing together vertical stacks or horizontal lines
of iron ventilating or sewage pipes.
A Figure 1 shews a side elevation of a "shoot out" water closet pan connected
by its outlet spigot a to one of my stuffing boxes a', the gland piece a is shewn
pushed back on the closet pan spigot a so as to allow of the packing material a
being inserted, packed and caulked into the aforesaid stuffing box a¹ as before
described; a a are the lugs into which are tapped and screwed the stud bolts and
nuts a a, the gland and stuffing box in this view are shewn in sectional elevation ;
as before mentioned this view also shews the iron soil, or sewage pipes passing thro'
an external wall of a building in one case, and thro' the floor of a building in
another case, and also shews the continuation of the iron soil or sewage or ventilation
pipe outside the aforesaid external wall, and the application of my said joint for
connecting lengths of soil pipe together; the foregoing italics and numerals
describing and identifying the various parts of the glands and stuffing boxes of
these said joints at the closet pan connection are intended to apply to describe
and identify corresponding parts at the iron soil, sewage, or ventilation pipe
connections.
A¹ Figure 1 is a plan looking down on one of my stuffing boxes a¹ and shewing.
the stud bolt lugs as a and the stud bolts a³ a³.
A' Figure 1 is a plan looking down on one of my gland pieces a², and shewing
the gland stud bolt lugs a' a" and the stud bolt holes a' a'.
"
A Figure 1 shews a side elevation of the aforesaid "shoot out water closet pan
connected to one of my said joints; in this view the joint is shewn screwed up and
completed; the external soil or sewage pipes are also shewn in this view as before
described.
"
B Figure 1 shews a side elevation of a "shoot down water closet pan connected
by its spigot outlet 6 to one of my gland and stuffing box joints in the manuer
described to A but with the exception that the soil or sewage pipe passes thro' the
floor or floors and within the building.
.
Dated this 13th day of July 1894

page_text: Improvements relating to Joints or Couplings for Connecting
Earthenware or other Material Water Closet Pans to Iron or
other Material Soll Pipes, and also for Connecting or Jointing
and Coupling Together, Vertically or otherwise, Iron or
other Material Soil, Ventilating, or other Sanitary Pipes.
I, EDWARD CHRISFIELD of Spring Gardens House, Milton next Sittingbourne,
in the County of Kent, Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
This invention relates to an improved joint or coupling for connecting the outlet
spigots of water closet pans to the soil or sewage pipes, and for connecting soil,
ventilating, or other sanitary pipes together, which joint or coupling is perfectly
gas-tight and water-tight and is such that it can be very readily adjusted, or
disconnected, re-packed and made good whenever required. The said invention is
applicable to water closet pans having shoot-out spigots or shoot-down spigots.
By shoot-out spigots I mean outlet spigots that project rearwardly and downwardly,
that is to say, in an inclined direction from the back of the pan, indicating that the
soil or sewage pipe is to pass through an external wall of a building and the
continuation thereof to be outside such wall, and by shoot-down spigots I mean
outlet spigots that point vertically downwards, indicating that the soil or sewage
pipe is to be situate within the building and is to pass through the floor or floors
thereof.
My improved joint or coupling has the form of a stuffing-box and gland such as
those used on the cylinder covers of steam engines.
Referring to the drawing which accompanied my Provisional Specification and
which clearly illustrates my invention, A indicates a water closet pan made of
earthenware or other material and having a shoot-out spigot a to be connected by
my improved joint or coupling to the inclined branch of a vertical soil pipe situated
outside the wall of the building. The joint or coupling is shown in central longi-
tudinal section with the gland raised or pushed back to allow of the insertion of the
packing material. As indicates the same pan and joint, the latter being shown in
elevation with the gland screwed-up. A' is a plan of the stuffing-box; A³ is a
plan of the gland. Bindicates a water closet pan having a shoot-down spigot 6 to
be connected to a vertical soil pipe within the building. The stuffing-box and gland
are shown in the same manner as those of the joint of the pan A.
The drawing also shows the application of the stuffing-box and gland to the vertical
soil pipe, similar letters of reference being applied to the parts of the joint or
coupling throughout the drawing.
a is the stuffing-box which is formed integral with the soil pipe; a' is the glaud
which fits the spigot of the pan; as is the packing material which may be hemp,
gasket saturated with tallow, asbestos engine-packing, oakum or the like; a', a' are
lugs formed on the stuffing-box to receive the studs or bolts a', as which are screwed
in said lugs in the well-known manner, or are otherwise suitably attached to the
stuffing-box, for example the stuffing-box may have T-shaped recesses formed in its
inner face to receive the bolts which in that case are made with T-heads. The
gland is formed as usual with the flanges or lugs a, a in which are bolt holes a', a².
When making the joint with the closet pan I first place the soil or sewage pipe
in its proper position, and pass the gland a² over the outlet spigot of the pan and
temporarily secure it thereon as far back as may be necessary, and then adjust the
pan so that the spigot enters the stuffing-box. I then insert the packing material
in the stuffing-box and consolidate or compress the same by means of an ordinary

page_text: caulking tool and hammer or otherwise. I then release and bring down the gland
and screw it tightly down by means of nuts on the bolts a, a' thus thoroughly and
tightly compressing the packing and ensuring the attainment of a reliable gas-tight
and water-tight joint.
The same construction of joint and method of making the joint are used for
joining the several lengths of the vertical soil or sewage pipe, and generally for
uniting soil, ventilating or other sanitary pipes whether they be vertical, horizontal
or inclined, and whether the pipes be made of earthenware, iron or other material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The connection of the outlet spigot of a water-closet pan to the soil pipe by
means of a stuffing-box and gland substantially as, and for the purpose, specified.
2. Connecting or jointing and coupling together the several lengths of a soil,
ventilating, or other sanitary pipe by means of stuffing-boxes and glands, substantially
.as, and for the purpose, specified.
T
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HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.