Improvements in or Connected with Apparatus for Preserving Milk.
Year: 1888

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Connected with Apparatus for Preserving Milk.
I, WILLIAM CHARLES HALLETT of 7 St. Martin's Place, Trafalgar Square in the
County of Middlesex, Navy Agent and Banker do hereby declare the nature of this
invention (a communication from abroad by Kristian Gerhard Dahl, of Drammen,
Norway, Engineer) and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
According to this Invention milk as it comes from healthy cows and in a strained
and cooled condition is sterilized according to Dahl's process described in Specification
of Patent dated 26th August 1886 No. 10,903 and all as hereinafter described with
reference to the accompanying drawings which represent an apparatus that has been
found practically useful.
Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a tank employed for the repeated alternate
cooling and heating of the milk contained in hermetically sealed tins, which are held
in a rack or frame that can be lifted in or out of the tank; Figure 2 is a sectional end
elevation, and Figure 3 a plan of the tank half with and half without the rack and
tins; Figure 4 is a side view showing the lift in combination with two tanks and
racks Figure 5 is a sectional side elevation of a hydraulic lift which may suitably be
employed for raising lowering and moving horizontally the rack with the tins in, and
Figure 6 is an end view of the hydraulic lift.
C
The apparatus consists essentially of racks or rack frames C made of flat galvanized
iron bars which are joined together by longitudinal angle-irons e and transverse
angle-irons band d. The sets of rods fand g bolted to the transverse angle-irons d
and upper longitudinal angle-irons also further help to further stiffen or stay the
structure. The tins for containing the milk to be treated rest on the angle-irons b
which may under some circumstances be adjustable as regards their distance one from
another to suit varying sizes of tins. The tins are kept separate from each other by
means of the rods which are adjustable on the angle-irons band capable
of being fixed thereon at any desired distance from each other by means of the
screw cramps at their extremities. The rack frames Care provided with
eyes cat their four corners to which are connected chains for raising and
lowering them. These chains c² are suspended from the arins G (see figures 4, 5 and 6)
of a hydraulic ram K which fits into the cylinder H and is supported above by the

page_text: i are
guide I. The guide 1 may be fixed to a beam in the ceiling or in any other convenient
manner. This arrangement permits the raising, lowering and horizontal swinging of
the racks C, but it is obvious that any other suitable means, such as pulley and rope
tackle, worked by manual or other power may be used instead of the hydraulic ram.
The rack frames C are lowered into tanks D which are preferably. of rectangular
form. The said rack frames C rest on perforated false bottoms E underneath which
there are perforated steam pipes F provided with valves F¹. The perforated steam
pipes F leading from a suitable steam generator may be arranged in the form of a cross
as shown, the perforations being so arranged with gradually decreasing distances apart
as shown that the steam issues and the temperature rises equally from the lower part
of the tank, or any other kind of apparatus for heating by steam may be used.
supports for the false bottom. The tanks D are also provided with overflow pipes k
near the top and openings with valves, which however are not shown, at the bottom
for emptying, and a cold water inlet m. When it is desired to raise the temperature
of the water which is put into the tanks and therefore the temperature of the milk in
the tins, steam is admitted by means of the valve F until by experiment the
thermometer (which may be of any suitable construction) registers the temperature
required. When on the other hand it is desired to lower the temperature the steam is
cut off and cold water is admitted by means of the valves M until the desired
temperature is reached. With the arrangement described the process may be performed
with small size tins containing about one fourth or one eighth of the large tins here
shewn in about nine hours.
. Having now. particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me by my foreign
correspondent I declare that what I claim is:
- First. The production of sterilized milk by the employment of apparatus operating
substantially as described.
Second. The apparatus for preserving milk consisting of tanks provided with steam
heating apparatus and cold water inlets in combination with open frames for holding
the tins containing the milk to be treated and a raising and lowering apparatus for the
frames substantially as described and shown.
Third. The construction and arrangement of apparatus for preserving milk as shown
on the drawings.
Dated this 1st day of October 1888.
WILLIAM CHARLES HALLETT.
By Jensen & Son,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.
Patent Agents.