Improvements in Walking Sticks, Umbrella Sticks, Whips, and similar Articles.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 14th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 9th Nov., 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Walking Sticks, Umbrella Sticks, Whips, and
similar Articles.
1 FREDERICK JAMES BIGGS, Merchant, of Leadenhall Buildings, Gracechurch Street,
in the city of London do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention consists of an arrangement whereby a spring candle-holder may be
adapted to, and combined with walking sticks, riding or driving whips, canes,
umbrellas, and similar articles, without any alteration of their ordinary shape, or
interference with their usual functions. To carry this invention into effect, I drill out
the top end of stick to the requisite depth and diameter, and I insert in the recess
so formed, the spring candle-holder, with its necessary accessories, vist.: the spring-
the cap-the clip or screw lid-and other working parts. The wood itself constitutes
the outer casing, and the knob or handle forms the top cover. These parts are so
adjusted that the candle can be instantly removed or replaced, and the stick is easily
convertible at any time, into a means for the instant diffusion of light. The top cover
may either be affixed by screwing, or worked by means of a spring hinge, and the
inner cap which holds the candle in position is perforated so as to admit a sufficient
draught. I either burnish the inside of the lifting top cover, or place within it a
small reflector, to afford reflection to the light given by the candle.
My arrangement is equally applicable to a stick formed of cast, wrought, or drawn
metal, the whole or a portion of which is made hollow, for the reception of the spring
candle-holder, and its other parts and fittings, as hereinbefore described. In this
case, I worm the outside of the tube at the top. In using a wooden stick, I fit a wormed
metal collar onto the top. Upon either of these, as the case may be, I fit a perforated
cap, through which the wick of the candle passes, the side perforations supplying the
necessary draught of air. Upon the outside of the tube, below the inner cap, I attach
a wormed collar, upon which I screw an outer cap or cover, which encloses the inner
cap and serves also as a knob or handle.

page_text: I also construct a chamber capable of carrying additional candles, without in any
way interfering, as aforesaid, with the outward appearance or usual functions of the
stick. This Ilo, by boring a hole through from the bottom end of the stick, when of
wood or other similar material. When the stick is made of metal, I prefer to leave
the tube hollow throughout. In either case, the small metal piece which forms the
base of the candle-spring, constitutes a stop, which separates the spare or additional
candles from the one in use, or a separate and independent stop may be employed. In
order to reach the spare candles, I make the ferrule removable by screw or other
means, and I preferably make the ferrule hollow, to hold igniting materials, making
its external surface rough for striking purposes. When using metal tubes, I finish
the outsides with paint, nickel, enamel, varnish, or japan, in imitation of various
woods, or for the purpose of ornamentation.
Dated this the Fourteenth day of December One thousand eight hundred and
eighty seven.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Walking Sticks, Umbrella Sticks, Whips, and
similar Articles.
1, FREDERICK JAMES BIGGS Merchant of Leadenhall Buildings, Gracechurch Street
in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
object of this my invention is, the adaptation of a Spring Candle Holder to, and
its combination with, Walking Sticks, Canes, and the handles of Riding or Driving
Whips Umbrellas, Parasols and similar articles, and the conversion of the said articles
into Spring Candle Holders without any noticeable alteration of their ordinary
outward shape or any interference with their usual functions.
To carry this my invention into effect I drill or hore a circular hole of the requisite
depth and diameter in the top end of the stick or handle, and I insert in the chamber
so formed a Spring Candle Holder (see Figures A & B) with its necessary
accessories viz. the Spiral Spring (see Figure C, the Perforated Cap (see Figure D)
the Top Cap or Knob or Natural Handle (see Figures E F and L).
The Spring Candle Holder is formed of a Metal Tube having on the top end two
threads or worms of a larger and smaller circumference.
The thread or worm of the smaller circumference takes a perforated Cap which
serves to hold the Candle in position and allows the wick to project, and the thread
or worm of the larger circumference takes the top Cap or Knob, or the Natural
Handle, the bottom ends of which are correspondingly threaded or wormed to take on
to or engage with the said thread or worm of the larger circumference of the metal
tube see Figures A & B.
When the Knob or Top Cap is removed I then use the said thread or worm of the
larger circumference on the tube, which is thereby left free, adjusting thereto a
small collar (Figure G) which acts as the holder for a Chimney, Globe, Shade, or
any other light or flame protector of glass, mica, or any other material of any shape
color or design.
The top Cap or Knob or Natural Handle I either screw on to the thread or worm
of the larger circumference, or otherwise attach to the tube or stick, by means of a
spring clip hinge, and, in such latter case, I either burnish the inside of the top Cap
or Knob, or place within it a mirror or other reflector to reflect the light the candle
affords.
The Holder (see Figures A & B) is inserted into the stick by pressure, and the
tightness of the fitting is invariably sufficient to effectually hold it, but otherwise I use
glue to fasten it in, or pins or rivets inserted vertically or horizontally, or any other
ordinary means of fastening.
When preferred I dispense with the holder as a separate adjunct, and convert the
sticks or handles into spring candle holders themselves, by worming the tops of the
sticks or handles as shown at figures M & N for the Cap (see Figure D) and Knob

page_text: (see figure E) or natural handle (see figure F) to engage with, or otherwise I attach
à piece of Metal to the top of the stick or handle by glueing or rivetting or otherwise,
to answer the same purpose.
My invention is equally applicable to a Stick or Handle formed of Cast, Wrought,
or Drawn Metal, the whole or a portion of which is made hollow, and thus forms in
itself a holder for the Candle.
The Spiral Spring is inserted in the Tube or Candle Holder, to keep the top of the
Candle, always pressing against the Cap (see Figure H) at the top of the Stick or
Handle, as the Candle gradually burns away.
The inner Cap (D) which holds the Candle in position is notched or perforated with
small holes, so as to admit of the greatest amount of air circulating around the base of
the burning part of the wick.
When the Stick is of Metal I prefer to make it a Tube throughout, so as to take
one long Candle, (see Figure 0) or I insert a cross piece at any place within the Tube
to form a basis for the Spring to rest on, on the top side of the cross piece, and a
chamber for a reserve Candle or Candles, on the under side of the cross piece. (See
Figure J.)
When the Stick is of wood I boro either one or both ends for the same
purpose.
I also prefer to make the ferrule K hollow, and removeable by screwing and
unscrewing, for the purpose of holding igniting materials, and also to admit of the
hole at the bottom end of the stick or tube being readily accessible.
The external surface of the ferrule I make rough to afford friction for striking a
match against.
1 finish the outsides of the Sticks either by oiling, polishing, coloring, or
varnishing or when made of Metal by enamelling or nickelling painting, varnishing,
or japanning in colors, or in imitation of different kinds of woods, or for the purpose
of ornamentation.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The construction adaptation, and combination of a Spring Candle Holder with
Walking Sticks Canes, and the Handles of Riding or Driving Whips, Umbrellas,
Parasols, and similar articles and the conversion of the said articles into Spring Candle
Holders in the manner of and substantially as hereinbefore described.
The construction and arrangement of parts for the attachment or removal of the
Candles or any of the accessories as hereinbefore described.
The making of the said Sticks or Handles of Metal, tubular throughout with
removeable ferrules, and in combination with the removeable accessories in the
manner of and for the purposes hereinbefore substantially set forth and described.
Dated this Fourteenth day of September 1888.