Paper and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 28th June, 1887
Complete Left, 10th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 13th Apr., 1888
Paper and in Apparatus therefor.
I, RALPH CROMPTON of Elton Paper Mills near Bury in the County of Lancaster
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
My invention relates to an improved process of treating tissue and other paper in
continuous rolls after manufacture with various solutions, chemicals, colouring matter
or dyes and then drying the same. The invention is applicable to the manufacture
of tracing paper and water proof papers.
Hitherto it has only been possible to treat tissues and thin papers in the web with
solutions at considerable expense owing to the great waste of materials used through
the paper breaking so frequently and other causes. By my invention it is possible
to impregnate a roll of tissue paper with a chemical solution or dye and dry the
same (without injury to the colour), and without any appreciable waste of paper,
solution or dye. Brighter and darker shades may be produced by my process than
by any other.
According to this invention I pass the tissue or other paper directly after it has
received the dye or other liquid in a vertical direction or nearly so between pressing
rolls covered with felt, cloth or other suitable porous substance and serving to more
or less impregnate the paper with the colouring matter whilst removing the surplus
I may by similar means apply a mordant to the tissue paper before or after
applying the dye, and by preference in the same machine.
of same.
By the aforesaid arrangement I avoid the need for special means of support to the
wet tissue paper. The paper thus far treated is then passed unsupported through a
drying apparatus arranged close to the pressing rolls or last pair of pressing rolls.
In one form of apparatus I employ two metal or wood rollers covered with felt
cloth or other suitable absorbent inaterial. These rollers are placed at or about the
same level or one raised slightly above the other. The rolls are mounted in suitable
frames with screw or lever pressure arrangement at each end and are caused to revolve
inwards.
The solution or dye is run between the nip or point of contact of the rollers from
a perforated pipe or other suitable appliance placed above, or it may be supplied to

page_text: the felt-covered rollers by means of feed rollers revolving in dye troughs or by any
other suitable methods.
The paper to be treated or dyed is unwound from a continuous roll, and by preference
passed over a guide roll placed above the felt-covered rollers. It then enters between
the nip of the pressure rollers. By this means the paper passes through a small
quantity of solution lying just above the nip of the pressure rollers, and immediately
afterwards receives the pressure of the rollers and becomes impregnated. I thus do
away with the necessity for endless supporting bands for the wet tissue paper. The
surplus solution or dye runs off at each end of the pressure rolls and is caught by a
receiver or trough placed underneath, so that it may be used over again. The hulk
of the solution is placed-in a tank below the pressure rollers, and is pumped up into
a small box above, from which it is supplied to the rollers, the box having an over-
flow into the main tank so as to keep up a regular pressure and make the action
continual.
The solution need not be run on to the pressure rollers in such quantities as to form
a bath above the nip but just sufficient may be used to moisten the felt covers on
the rollers, the result obtained being almost the same. Felt-covered doctors or
other suitable means may be applied to the pressure rolls to keep back the surplus
liquid.
The
.
pressure on ends of the rollers may be so regulated as not to press the dye
right through the paper but may be worked to colour it on the surface only or to any
desired degree of penetration.
In colouring I sometimes employ two pairs of felt-covered rollers, the one to
impart the mordant and the other the dye to the paper. Sometimes I dry the paper
after mordaunting and before colouring and I prefer to do this by a steam heated
cylinder placed between or above the two pairs of pressing rolls.
After the paper has passed through the nip of the pressure rollers it is taken off
at one side and conducted unsupported direct to a drying appliance consisting by
preference of a system of air drums (with interior fans) and steam heated drying
cylinders (fitted in the usual manner with drying felts). By this arrangement the
paper may be dried entirely by air, (the cylinders being used cold to keep the paper
Hat and free from "cockles") or may be dried partly by air and partly by steam-
heated cylinders. By drying thus by air drums and steam cylinders combined I
greatly preserve the colour and add to the brilliancy of the tints.
After the paper has passed through the drying apparatus it is reeled up in the
ordinary manner.

page_text: Paper and in Apparatus therегог.
I, RALPH CROMPTON of Elton Paper Mills near Bury in the County of Lancaster
Manufacturer do hereby declaro the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved process of treating tissue and other paper in
continuous rolls after manufacture with various solutions, chemicals, coloring matter
or dyes and then drying the same. The invention is applicable to the manufacture of
tracing paper waterproof paper cheque paper and almost any kind that requires
chemical treatment after manufacture."
The invention may also be applied to the paper making machine in which case the
coloring or mordanting rolls may be placed in a suitable position between the drying
cylinders or between two sets of drying cylinders or replacing the so called inter-
mediate cylinder. The paper being dried or nearly so by the first set of cylinders
and after being treated finally dried by the second set of cylinders.
Hitherto it has only been possible to treat tissues and thin papers in the web with
solutions at considerable expense owing to the great waste of materials used through
the paper breaking so frequently and other causes. By my invention it is possible,
to impregnate a roll of tissue paper with a chemical solution or dye and dry the
same (without injury to the colour), and without any appreciable waste of paper,
solution or dye. Brighter and darker shades may be produced by my process than
by any other.
For some
According to this invention I pass the tissue or other paper in a vertical direction
or nearly so down between two pressing rolls covered with felt, cloth or other suitable
porous substance and suitably supplied with dye and serving to more or less impregnate
the paper with the colouring matter whilst removing the surplus of same.
kinds of paper the rolls may be covered with rubber or other similar substance and
used without the felt covering or one metal roll and one rubber covered roll may be
used together. It will thus be understood that the dyeing pressing and removing the
surplus solution is performed in one operation and by one pair of rolls. I may by
similar means apply a mordant to the tissue or other paper before or after applying
the dye, and by preference in the same machine.
By the aforesaid arrangement I avoid the need for special means of support to the
wet tissue paper. The paper thus far treated is then passed unsupported through a
drying apparatus arranged close to the pressing rolls or (in case of mordanting as
well as dyeing) the last pair of pressing rolls.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a part sectional elevation of one form
of apparatus for mordanting or dyeing tissue and other paper.

page_text: Figure 2 is a similar view of the principal parts of another form of apparatus,
and
Figures 34, 3, 3º, and 3D form a similar view of a complete apparatus for
mordanting dyeing and drying tissue and other paper. The figure is shown in
continuation on Sheets 2, 3, 4 and 5 one part being shewn on each sheet, beginning
on the left and continuing on towards the right.
In the form of apparatus shewn in Figure 1 I employ two metal or wood rollers C, C
covered with felt cloth or other suitable absorbent material or two rubber covered
rollers or one metal and one rubber covered roller. These rollers are placed at or
about the same level or one raised slightly above the other. The rolls are mounted in
suitable frames with screw or lever pressure arrangement at each end and are caused
to revolve inwards.
The solution for mordanting or chemically treating or the dye for coloring is run
between the nip or point of contact of the rollers C, C from a tank F by the pipe G
terminating in the perforated pipe G¹ or other suitable appliance placed above, or it
may as shewn in the part elevation Figure 2 be supplied to the felt covered rollers C, O
by means of feed rollers N N¹ revolving in dye troughs 0,0' or by any other suitable
methods.
The paper A to be treated or dyed is drawn off from a continuous roll, and by
preference passed over a guide roll B placed above the felt covered rollers CC. It
then enters hetween the nip of the pressure rollers CC. By this means the paper
passes through a small quantity of solution lying just above the nip of the pressure
rollers, and immediately afterwards receives the pressure of the rollers and becomes
impregnated. I thus do away with the necessity for endless supporting bands for the
wet tissue paper. The surplus solution or dye runs off at each end of the pressure
rolls and is caught by a receiver or trough H placed underneath from which it flows
into the main tank, so that it may be used over again. The bulk of the solution is in
Figure 1 placed in a double cased tank D which may be steam heated or not below
the pressure rollers, and is pumped up for instance by a pump E and pipe E' into a
small box F above, from which it is supplied to the rollers, the box having an overflow
pipe into the main tank D so as to keep up a regular pressure and make the action
continual.
The solution need not be run on to the pressure rollers in such quantities as to form
a bath above the nip, but just sufficient may be used to moisten the felt covers on the
rollers, the result obtained being almost the same. Felt covered doctors P P as
shewn in Figure 2 or other suitable means may be applied to the pressure rolls to keep
back the surplus liquid.
The pressure on the ends of the rollers may be so regulated as not to press the dye
right through the paper but may be worked to colour it on the surface only or to any
desired degree of penetration.
In colouring I sometimes employ two pairs of felt rubber or other covered rollers
as shown in figures 3A 3B 30 and 31 which form a side view of a complete mordanting
dyeing and drying apparatus the one pair QQ to impart the mordant and the other
pair CC the dye to the paper. Sometimes I dry the paper after mordanting and
before coloring and I prefer to do this by a steam heated cylinder L' placed between
or above the two pairs of pressing rolls and provided with the usual endless felt M².
After the paper has passed through the nip of the pressure rollers it is taken off at
one side and conducted unsupported direct to a drying appliance consisting by
preference of a system of air drums (with interior fans) and steam leated drying
cylinders (fitted in the usual manner with drying felts) K K are the air drums
and L L the steam heated drying cylinders with the usual drying felts M. By this
arrangement the paper may if desired be dried entirely by air (the cylinders L being
then used cold and serving merely to keep the paper flat and free from cockles") or
may be dried partly by the air drums and partly by the steam heated cylinders. By
drying thus by the air drums and steam cylinders combined I greatly preserve the
colour and add to the brilliancy of the tints but for some tints 1 tind it better to use
the cylinders cold.
ر

page_text: After the paper has passed through the drying apparatus it is reeled up in the
ordinary manner passing over the roll R to the reel shaft T.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is.
First: The method of dyeing (or of mordanting) or impregnating with chemical
solutions tissue and other paper in one operation and by one pair of rolls consisting
in passing it unsupported downward in about a vertical direction between two felt
covered or equivalently constructed rolls which are arranged side by side and are
suitably supplied with dye or solution substantially as set forth.
Second-The rolls CC in combination with suitable means for supplying them
with dye or solution and the web A of paper which passes down between the rolls
substantially as set forth.
:-
Third The apparatus for mordanting and dyeing consisting of the rolls QQ the
rolls Csuitable means for supplying the said rolls with solution and dye respectively
and the intermediate steam heated cylinder L' with endless felt M¹ substantially as set
forth.
Fourth-The apparatus for dyeing and drying tissue and other paper consisting
of the rolls QQ the rolls CC the intermediate cylinder L with endless felt M¹ and
the series of air drums K and cylinders L substantially as set forth.
Fifth In an apparatus for dyeing and drying tissue paper the cylinders L in
combination with the felts M and air drums K substantially as set forth.
Dated: with L
1 1000
Dated this 10th day of March 1990.
RALPH CROMPTON.
By Jensen & Son,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.