Improvements in Bush Hammers.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 18th Apr., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bush Hammers.
1, GEORGE MAIN, of 92 Water Street, City of Quincy, County of Norfolk,
State of Massachusetts, United States of America, Blacksmith, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a bush hammer constructed and arranged for operation
all substantially as hereinafter fully described.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the improved bush haminer.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal central horizontal section;
Figure 3 is a perspective view of one of the cutters detached;
Figure 4 is a perspective view of one of the screw nuts, and
Figure 5 is a detail longitudinal section to be hereinafter referred to.
A is the hammer, B its head which consists of an oblong block of suitable metal
of the width desired for the cutters C, and of a thickness a little more than the
aggregate thickness of the several cutters when secured in place. D is the hole or
aperture in the head to receive the handle as usual.
E E are two plates of the same depth as the head, each having a transverse
recess or groove F, on one side having shoulders G in which recesses the head is
placed, the two plates being placed over the head as shown, closely fitting the same
and secured thereto by the rivets a, the free ends H, of the plates extending beyond
the head leaving a space between them in which are placed a suitable number of
cutters C their inner ends K, resting and bearing against the ends L, of the
head B.
The head on each side at M, at each end is cut away back from the end pre-
ferably in an inclined direction, as shown leaving an edge or bearing place N, on
the side for the plates E.
P, P are two bolts having heads Q, shanks R, and a screw thread on the outer
end of each shank adapted to receive a nut S.
These bolts are passed through holes T in the free portions H, of the plates E,
and then through open slots U, in the inner ends of the cutters C, when the cutters
are in place, between the free ends of the plates, and the nuts S, screwed upon the
projecting ends of the bolts down upon the plate next thereto which holds the
cutters firmly in position.
To release the cutters, the unt S is unscrewed a little to relieve the pressure
upon the cutters which can then be easily pulled out end ways from between the
plates E, without removing the nut from the bolt, or the bolt from the plates, the
open slots allowing of such detachment, the cutters can be put in place, betweeu
the plates in the reverse manner, the open slots sliding over the bolts when the nuts
can be tightened up securing all again in place as before.
Thus the cutters can be easily attached to and detached from, the plates,
which, as is obvious, is a great convenience, saving time as well as having other
advantages.
In order that the screw bolts may hold firmly in place by securing a good
bearing upon the plates E, the inner side of the bolt head Q, and nut S, is cut
away, forming a recess V, on its inner side which leaves a bearing W on the plates
only at or near the outer edge as shown in the drawing.
This ensures a full bearing of the narrow strip around the depression or recess

page_text: so that the slipping of the bolt or nut and loosening of the same is entirely
obviated.
The head B makes a firm and solid seat for the cutters and the plates having
the recesses F, so that their free ends extend over the ends of the heads, as shown,
make the seats for the cutters a short distance from the sides Y, of the head
whereby there will be no danger of clipping or breaking the head, and thus the
firmness of the seat for the cutters is secured.
By having the bearing line N, of the plates on the bead back from the ends of
the head, the plates have more or less spring beyond the head without diminishing
their hold on the cutters, so that when the bolts are loosened the cutters can be
easily removed from the head when desirous of sharpening them or for other
purposes, and as easily put in place again.
The bearing line N, on the head for the plates can be made or arranged in any
suitable manner than as herein particularly shown, for instance, by a right angular
shoulder, although it is preferable to cut it away gradually or bevelling as shown,
as it does not weaken the head quite so much, and leaves the bearing end L, of
the head for the purpose described.
The plates E have transverse ribs, on their inner sides which are disposed in
transverse grooves d, in the sides of the head, closely fitting the same, and pre-
ferably located where the rivets a are shown, which relieve the blow and strain
upon the rivets in the use of the hammer, although these ribs and grooves can be
dispensed with.
If desired, the recesses F in the plates can be dispensed with, the plates heing
straight but it would not be so well as the outer cutters would not have sufficient
bearing on the head to give the firmness and resistance desired.
In lieu of making a depression or recess in the bolt head and nut it can be made
in the plates E, around and about the hole T, through which the bolts pass, as
shown in section in Figure 5, in which Z is the recess or depression in the plate,
the bolt head and nut being flat on their inner or hearing sides, and bearing at or
near their edges, upon the plates at , outside of its recess Z.
Obviously any number of cutters can be used; each have the open slot U, in its
inner end.
As is obvious only one end of the hammer need have the head and plates
arranged to receive a series of cutters, the other receiving a single cutter to be
used in chisel form.
The open slot being centrally located outside of and beyond the head retains the
full bearing surface of the end of the head and its full strength and solidity, and
the head and screw nut of the bolt can be large and cover a good portion of the
surface of the plate for the better hold of the cutters between the plates, and in the
unscrewing of the bolt to remove the cutters it will require but a slight turn to
leave the cutters free to be removed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a bush hammer, in combination, a head, independent plates one each side,
secured thereto, the head having the bearing line for the plates on each side back
from its end.
2. In a bush hammer, in combination, a head, independent plates one each side
secured thereto, each having a transverse recess in its side next to the head in
which the head is arranged and the head having the bearing line for the plates on
each side back from its end.
3. In a bush hammer, in combination, a head having a transverse groove on each
side, plates secured thereto, one each side, each having a transverse recess for the
head and a transverse rib to fit the groove in the head, and the head having its
bearing line for the plates on each side back from its end.
4. Ju a bush bammer, in combination, a head, having each side cut away at one

page_text: or both ends to leave a bearing line back from the end, independent plates, one
each side secured thereto and each having a transverse recess in which is arranged
the head.
5. In a bush hammer, in combination, a head having a transverse groove on each
side, plates secured thereto, one each side, each ha ving a transverse rib to fit said
groove, and said head having the bearing line for the plates on each side back from
its end.
6. In a bush hammer, a head, securing plates, one each side, a cutter or cutters
between said plates, having an open slot in their inner end or ends and screw bolts
passing through holes in said plates and through the open slots securing all
together.
7. In a bush hammer, a head, securing plates, one each side, a cutter or cutters
between said plates, a screw bolt passing through said plates and cutters securing
all together, the bolt head having a depression or recess on its inner or bearing face
for the purpose specified.
8. In a bush hammer, a head, securing plates, one each side, a cutter or cutters
between said plates having an open slot in their inner end or ends, and screw bolts
passing through holes in said plates and through the open slots securing all together
each bolt head having a depression or recess on its inner or bearing face for the
purpose specified.
9. In a bush hammer, a head, securing plates, one each side, a cutter or cutters
between said plates having an open slot in their inner ends, and a screw bolt passing
through holes in said plates, and through the open slots, securing all together, the
bolt head having a depression or recess on its inner or bearing face and the screw
nut of the bolt having a recess or depression on its inner or bearing side.
10. In a bush hammer, a head, securing plates, one each side, a cutter or cutters
between said plates, a screw bolt passing through said plates and cutters securing
all together, and arranged for its head to bear by its inner side only at or along its
outer edge ou said plate.
11. In a bush hammer, a head, securing plates one each side, a cutter or cutters
between said plates, a screw bolt passing through said plates and cutters securing
all together, the head and screw nut to the bolt being arranged to bear upon the
plates upon its inner side only at or along its outer edge.
Dated this 7th day of January 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.