Improved Means for Consuming Gas and Smoke in Steam Boiler Furnaces and in Stoves for Heating Furnace Blast.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left 13th May 1889-Accented. 6th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means for Consuming Gas and Smoke in Steam Boiler
Furnaces and in Stoves for Heating Furnace Blast.
We JOHN FRODSOM Blast Furnace Keeper 3 Wilkinsons Yard Wood Street
Maryport Cumberland and ANDREW MCLINDEN Blast Furnace Foreman No. 15
Collin's Terrace near Maryport Cumberland do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object to obtain more perfect combustion of the gas
in the combustion chamber of stoves for heating furnace blast and steam boiler
furnaces by employing hot instead of cold air as hitherto used.
This we effect by fitting the combustion chamber of the stove with two inlet pipes
or flues hereafter termed the main inlet flues. These flues communicate with the outer
atmosphere at the top and are furnished with suitable valves to regulate the pressure
of the air therein and also to close the same when the stove is in full blast so as to
prevent any escape of the heated blast therefrom.
These main inlet pipes or flues lead to an annular air chamber that surrounds the
combustion chamber of the stove about midway and which is fitted with lateral pipes
or flues through which the air passes and so gradually becomes heated. These lateral
pipes or flues lead to a second air chamber placed round the bottom of the com-
bustion chamber and provided with suitable outlet apertures to allow the heated air to
be distributed therefrom into or above the gas. This lower air chamber is likewise
fitted with two inlet pipes which communicate directly with the outer atmosphere
and serve to convey cold air into the bottom air chamber so as to regulate the heat of
the air passing into the gas. Such inlet pipes are fitted with suitable valves whereby
they can be opened and closed as required.
Fitted to the hot blast tubing is a pipe having two lateral branch pipes that
lead into the combustion chamber and through which hot blast is introduced to
lighten and expand the gases therein when they are too dense and thus promote
their perfect combustion.
These branch pipes are fitted with blast taps in order to regulate the pressure as
desired.
There is also an air inlet at the top of the combustion chamber through which air
is drawn in and passes through flues along the sides of the top of the combustion
chamber where it is distributed through suitable apertures into the gas. The
air inlet is fitted with a suitable valve to close the inlet and regulate the air pressure.
The various pipes or flues are built into the walls of the combustion chamber and
are made to project therefrom so as to more readily catch the heat of the ascending
gases. In adapting our invention to boiler furnaces we fit the furnace with a similar
apparatus to that already described except that in boiler furnaces where hot blast
cannot be used we dispense with the blast pipes leading from the hot blast tubing.
The apparatus is built a little from the furnace plates so as to allow the gas to pass
between the two.
The atmospheric air enters the main inlet or flue from whence it is conducted to
the first air chamber and from thence into the second air chamber whence it is dis-
tributed in a heated condition into the gas.
The supplementary air inlets or flues communicating with the lower air chamber
serve to feed the same with cold air in the manner already described.
Our invention is applicable to any kind of furnace or stove where gas is used as
the heating agent.
Dated this 11th day of August 1888.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means for Consuming Gas and Smoke in Steam Boiler
Furnaces and in Stoves for Heating Furnace Blast.
We JOHN FRODSOM Blast Furnace Keeper 3 Wilkinson's Yard Wood Street
Maryport Cumberland and ANDREW MCLINDEN Blast Furnace Foreman No. 15
Collins Terrace near Maryport Cumberland, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention has for its object to obtain more perfect combustion of the gas in
stoves for heating furnace blast and also in steam boiler furnaces by employing hot
instead of cold air as hitherto used.
" Ford and
This we effect by the apparatus illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein
Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate one method of applying our invention to a
Moncur" stove which is shewn therein in vertical section. Fig. 3 is an end elevation
of the lower apparatus shewing the position of the inlet and return flues when so
fitted. Fig. 4 is a view in perspective and Fig. 5 a front view of one arrangement of
the upper part of our improved apparatus suitable for the top of a combustion chamber
having a divisional wall therein.
"
Figs. 6-7 are external and internal side elevations and Fig. 8 a front elevation of
one arrangement of the lower apparatus suitable for the combustion chamber of a
Cowper" stove. Fig. 9 is a view in perspective and Fig. 10 a front view of one
arrangement of the upper apparatus suitable for such stove. Figs. 11. 12. shew
front and back elevations and Fig. 13 a side elevation of one arrangement of our
invention suitable for a "Whitwell" stove. In this arrangement the upper and lower
portions of our invention are incorporated in one apparatus so as to adapt it to this
class of stove.
Fig. 14 is a plan of a boiler furnace shewing one arrangement of our invention
fitted thereto and Fig. 15 is a back elevation of the front of such furnace
when so fitted. Similar letters refer to corresponding parts throughout the several
views.
In applying our invention to a stove for heating furnace blast we fit the combustion
chamber of the stove with one or more air inlets a furnished with suitable valves a¹
which serve either to regulate the pressure of the air in such chamber or to close the
same when the stove is in full blast so as to prevent any escape of the heated
blast therefrom. Such air inlet or inlets lead to one or more Blues 6 (hereafter termed
"inlet" flues) which lead to one or more air chambers c (hereafter termed "receiving"
chambers) placed in any convenient position in the combustion chamber. Such
receiving chamber or chambers communicate with one or more return flues d through
which the air passes and so becomes heated before being discharged into the gas.
The greater the number of these return flues the more the air is divided and the
smaller they may be made while when the air is thus divided it becomes more intensely
heated. In applying our invention to a large combustion chamber we prefer to use
several of these return flues but when applying it to a small combustion chamber
which does not require so much air one or two return flues will suffice. These return
flues lead to one or more air chambers e (hereafter termed "distributing" chambers)
placed at or near the bottom of the combustion chamber and provided with suitable
apertures to allow the heated air to be distributed therefrom into or above or under
the gas. Each distributing chamber has a regulating air inlet f fitted with a suitable
valve f. Such regulating inlet or inlets serve to convey cold air into the dis-
tributing chamber or chambers so as to regulate the heat of the air passing into the
gas.
A pipe g is fitted to the hot blast tubing at any convenient point and is pre-
ferably furnished with branch pipes g₁ that lead into the combustion chamber and
which are fitted with suitable blast taps. Through these branches hot blast is
introduced to lighten and expand the gases therein when they are too dense and

page_text: thus promote their perfect combustion. We also fit the combustion chamber with
an air inlet placed either at the top or in any other convenient position therein.
Through this inlet air is drawn into a flue i which may either be a single flue or
have branch flues connected therewith and by which air is led into an air chamber j
fitted either at the top of the combustion chamber or in the divisional wall therein.
In Figs. 4 and 5 the air chamber j is shewn carried round the side of the top of
the combustion chamber from whence it is continued along the bottom of the divisional
wall therein in a horizontal line. From this air chamber the air is distributed
through suitable apertures into the gas. The air inlet is fitted with a sluice
or other suitable valve h¹ to close the inlet and regulate the pressure in the air
chamber the description of valve employed being regulated by the position of the
inlet. figs. 6, 7, 8 indicates the wall of the combustion chamber through which
the hot blast pipe or pipes is or are carried.
The various flues may be built into the walls or against the sides of the combustion
chamber in any convenient manner but preferably we make them to project there-
from so as to more readily catch the heat of the ascending gases and so become more
quickly and thoroughly heated.
When applying our invention to hot blast stoves the flues are made of brick, but in
boiler furnaces iron tubes may be used provided they are protected with brick to
prevent injury thereto from the flames and heat. The air in the flues or tubes may
be regulated by slides in the ordinary manner.
In adapting our invention to boiler furnaces when the furnace is one where hot
blast cannot be used we dispense with the blast pipe leading from the hot blast tubing
and in the case of furnace boilers the apparatus is built a little from the.boiler plates
so as to allow the gas to pass between the two.
We would here observe that in the application of our invention to a boiler furnace
we make no claim to the various air inlets and valves save in combination with the
other parts of our invention as such air inlets and valves are already well known in
connection with boiler furnaces.
The operation of our invention is as follows. The atmospheric air enters the inlet
or inlets a and ascending through the inlet flue or flues b is conducted to the receiving
chamber or chambers c and from thence through the return flue or flues d into the
distributing chamber or chambers e whence it is distributed in a heated condition
into the gas. The regulating air inlet or inlets f serve to regulate the temperature of
the air in the manner already described. The air entering the combustion chamber
through the upper air chamber j is drawn along the passages in the sides of the com-
bustion chamber and discharged into the gas thus producing a second combustion.
By opening the tap or taps in the hot blast pipe or pipes g a jet of hot blast is
forced into the gas thus burning it up and inducing a better draught.
Our invention is applicable to any kind of stove or furnace where gas is used
as the heating agent and may be built therein without altering the design thereof.
If desired the upper and lower portions of our apparatus may be used separately
instead of in combination with each other and we wish it to be understood that we
claim equally the combined and separate use of such upper and lower portions of our
apparatus.
One great advantage of our invention is that by producing more perfect
combustion of the gases the stove becomes more quickly heated while a smaller
amount of gas is consumed and owing to such reduced consumption the stove
does not become so foul and does not require to be cleaned so frequently. It will thus
be seen that our invention effects a considerable economy in time materials and
labor.
In the application of our invention to a "Whitwell" stove as shewn at Figs. 11,
12, 13 it will be observed that the upper apparatus is dispensed with and in lieu
thereof a second distributing chamber e¹ is placed at the bottom of the combustion
chamber. This second distributing chamber abuts on the distributing chamber e
but does not communicate therewith. The inlet flue receiving chamber c and

page_text: return flue d on one side conduct the air into the distributing chamber e while the
corresponding inlet flue receiving chamber c and return flue d on the other side
conduct the air into the second distributing chamber e¹ which is an equivalent for
the top air chamber shewn in the other arrangement. The arrangement of two
independent distributing air chambers abutting on each other is not novel inasmuch
as it forms part of the original construction of a "Whitwell" stove. We therefore
make no claim to the same save in combination with the other parts of our invention
when applied to a "Whitwell" stove.
Moreover in the application of our invention to a "Ford and Moncur" stove we
make no claim to the distributing chamber or chambers e and air inlet or inlets f
with valves save in combination with the other parts of the lower apparatus of our
invention as a corresponding air chamber or chambers with air inlets and valves form
part of the original construction of a "Ford and Moncur stove.
"
We would here observe that in a "Ford and Moncur" stove our apparatus may
be placed at each end of the combustion chamber either on opposite sides (as shewn
in the drawings) or on both sides thereof.
We also particularly wish to point out that we do not confine ourselves to the
precise details of construction and arrangement of our invention hereinbefore
described and shewn as it will be readily understood that the form position and
arrangement of the various parts thereof are governed by the particular stove or
furnace to which it is applied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
-
1° In a stove for heating furnace blast a combustion chamber having a lower
apparatus consisting of one or more air inlets fitted with suitable valves and one or
more air inlet flues leading to one or more receiving air chambers connected with
one or more return flues leading to one or more distributing air chambers and fitted
with one or more blast pipes furnished with one or more blast taps all constructed
arranged combined and fitted substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein-
before described and shewn.
2° In a stove for heating furnace blast a combustion chamber having an air inlet
placed either at the top or in any other convenient position therein fitted with a suit-
able valve and communicating with a flue leading to an air chamber placed either in
the top of such combustion chamber or in a divisional wall therein all substantially
in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described and shewn.
3° In a stove for heating furnace blast a combustion chamber fitted at the bottom
and top with a combination system or arrangement of air inlets valves flues air
chambers and blast pipe or pipes and tap or taps corresponding in all material respects
with the respective arrangements thereof hereinbefore respectively described and
shewn and claimed by us in the two preceding claims.
4° In a "Whitwell" hot blast stove a combustion chamber fitted with two series of
air inlets, inlet flues and air chambers each consisting of an air inlet communicating
with an inlet flue leading to a receiving air chamber connected with a return flue one
of which series communicates with a first and the other series with a second dis-
tributing air chamber all substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and shewn.
5 In a boiler furnace a. combustion chamber having one or more air inlet flues
each leading to a receiving air chamber communicating with one or more return flues
leading to a distributing air chamber through which heated air is delivered into the
gas at the front of the furnace; and also a second air inlet flue terminating in a
second distributing air chamber through which heated air is delivered into the gas at
the back of the furnace all substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein-
before described and shewn.
6° In a stove for heating furnace blast or in a boiler furnace obtaining the more

page_text: perfect combustion of the gas and smoke therein by means of hot air introduced
into the combustion chamber through a system of flues and air chambers substan-
tially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described and shewn.
1 11
1000
ELT & Co.,
33, Southampton Buildings, Holborn, London, Agents.