Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 9th Nov., 1888
We WILLIAM ALLDAY the younger and EDMUND ALLDAY both of the firm of
Alldays and Onions Limited of Great Western Works Small Heath Birmingham in
the County of Warwick Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of this Invention
to be as follows:-
:-
Our invention consists of the improvements herein after described in bellows which
improvements are especially applicable to forge bellows but may also be applied to
other bellows.
We will describe our invention in connection with a forge bellows.
We form by the casting process an oblong or elliptical iron cope or head in which
cope or head the fore end of the middle board is fixed as well as the top and bottom
bolsters to which the top and bottom boards of the bellows are hinged. The cope or
head has a horizontal division or diaphragm extending across it immediately below
the middle opening in the cope for the reception of the pipe of the bellows. The
said cope has also a second diaphragm or division parallel to the former and
crossing the central hole in the cope. These diaphragms in the cope are situated
horizontally.
When the bellows has a reversible pipe or a screw pipe or a pipe which in packing or
transit is introduced into the body of the bellows the middle part of the upper
diaphragm is cut away so as to leave the central opening in the cope clear for the
introduction of the pipe. The said diaphragms divide the cope into three compart-
ments. In the middle compartment the fore end of the middle board is fixed and the
upper and lower bolsters to which the upper and lower boards are hinged are fixed in
the upper and lower compartments respectively. When the pipe is to be introduced
into the interior of the bellows for packing or transport the middle part of the fore
end of the middle board is cut away sufficiently to allow of the passage of the pipe
into the interior of the bellows. When it is not required to introduce the pipe into
the interior of the bellows both the middle board and the upper diaphragm may

page_text: extend across the cope to its front or outer end. The middle board and top and
bottom bolsters are fixed in the cope by wedging. After the board and bolsters have
been fixed in position a cap is fixed by screws on the cope the edge of the said cap
overhanging the end of the cope.
The said cap has the circular opening in which the pipe is screwed or with which
it is otherwise connected.
The junction of the cap with the cope is made air tight by a packing of white lead
on other packing.
Instead of making the diaphragms in the cope by casting them in one piece with
We prefer
the cope they may be made of a separate casting and fixed in the cope.
however to cast them with the cope as first described.
Dated this Tenth day of January 1888.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in Forge Bellows and other Bellows.
We WILLIAM ALLDAY the younger and EDMUND ALLDAY both of the firm of
Alldays and Onions Limited of Great Western Works Small Heath Birmingham in
the County of Warwick, Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of our
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in bellows, which
improvements are especially applicable to forge bellows but may also be applied to
other bellows.
We will describe our invention in connection with a forge bellows.
We form by the casting process an oblong or elliptical iron cope or head in which
cope or head the fore end of the middle board is fixed as well as the top and bottom
bolsters to which the top and bottom boards of the bellows are hinged. The cope or
head has a horizontal division or diaphragm extending across it immediately below
the middle opening in the cope for the reception of the pipe of the bellows. The
said cope has also a second diaphragın or division parallel to the former and
crossing the central hole in the cope. These diaphragms in the cope are situated
horizontally.
When the bellows has a reversible pipe or a screw pipe or a pipe which in packing
or transit is introduced into the body of the bellows the middle part of the upper
diaphragm is cut away so as to leave the central opening in the cope clear for the
introduction of the pipe. The said diaphragms divide the cope into three compart-
ments. In the middle compartment the fore end of the middle board is fixed and the
upper and lower bolsters to which the upper and lower boards are hinged are fixed in
the upper and lower compartments respectively. When the pipe is to be introduced
into the interior of the bellows for packing or transport the middle part of the fore end
of the middle board is cut away sufficiently to allow of the passage of the pipe into
the interior of the bellows. When it is not required to introduce the pipe into the
interior of the bellows both the middle board and the upper diaphragm may extend
across the cope to its front or outer end. The middle board and top and bottom
bolsters are fixed in the cope by wedging or otherwise. After the board and bolsters
have been fixed in position a cap is fixed by screws on the cope the edge of the said
cap overhanging the end of the cope.
The said cap has the circular opening in which the pipe is screwed or with which
it is otherwise connected. The junction of the cap with the cope is made air tight by
a packing of white lead or other packing.
We prefer
Instead of making the diaphragmus in the cope by casting them in one piece with
the cope they may be made or a separate casting and fixed in the cope.
however to cast them with the cope as first described.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings
the manner in which our invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in vertical section and Figure 2-in horizontal section the iron
cope or head of a screw pipe forge bellows made according to one of the arrangements

page_text: of our invention; Figure 3 represents a back or inner elevation of the same and
Figure 4 a front or outer elevation of the same; Figure 3A represents in back
elevation and plan a modification of the cope or head.
a is the elliptical (or oblong) iron cope or head of the forge bellows either cast in
one piece as illustrated in Figure 3 or in two pieces or halves jointed together
horizontally as illustrated in Figure 3A. The said cope or head a is furnished with
the middle opening a² and two horizontal parallel diaphragms or divisions & and c.
The upper diaphragm bis situated a little below the level of the axis of the central
opening a² and the lower diaphragm c is situated at the same level as the bottom of
the said central opening a² as illustrated in Figures 3 and 34. The said
diaphragms b, c divide the cope into three compartments marked respectively d, e
and f. In the middle compartiment e the fore end of the middle board of the bellows
is fixed and the upper and lower bolsters to which the upper and lower boards of the
bellows are hinged are fixed in the upper and lower compartments d, f respectively,
the said middle board and top and bottom bolsters being fixed in the cope by wedging
or otherwise. When the pipe of the bellows is to be introduced into the interior of
the bellows for packing or transit the middle part of the fore end of the middle board
fixed in the middle compartment e of the cope is cut away sufficiently to allow of the
passage of the said pipe into the interior of the bellows. When the pipe of the
bellows is fixed or non-reversible, that is, when it is not required to introduce it into
the interior of the bellows, the middle board and the upper diaphragm & may extend
across the cope to the front or outer end.
g is the cap fixed to the front or narrow end of the iron cope a by the wood screws
ath, (see Figure 2) passed through the holes i (see Figure 4) in the cap and taking
into the middle board and bolsters fixed in the compartments e and d, f. It will be
seen by an examination of Figures 1 and 2 that the edge of the cap g overhangs the
front end of the cope a and the junction of the cap with the cope is made airtight by
a packing of white lead or other packing. The opening or tubular part of the cap
is screwed internally with a concave screw for receiving the screwed nozzle or
socket to which the screw pipe m is bolted or riveted the said pipe m being screwed
in its place in the cap y before the latter is fixed by the screws h, h to the cope.
When it is wished to introduce the pipe m into the interior of the bellows for
packing or transit, the said pipe m is first unscrewed from the tubular part of the
cap and then pushed inwards so as to occupy the interior of the bellows.
Figure 5 represents in section a modification of the cope and cap last described.
In this modification the cope a and cap g and the screwed hole or tubular part for
receiving the screwed end of the screw pipe are cast in one piece.
The central tubular opening a² in the cope or head may be screwed to fit the
screwed socket of the screw pipe m instead of screwing the said socket into
the screwed part of the cap g.
By this modification the cap g is dispensed
with.
Figures 6 and 7 represent sections taken in planes at right angles to one another
of a cope constructed according to our invention in which the reversible pipe of
the bellows instead of being screwed into the tubular portion of the cap (or cope)
is fixed to the cap by means of a socketed nozzle with lugs on the end of the
tubular part of the pipe m being secured by the screw pins n, n to the flattened
face of the cap g; Figure 8 represents a front elevation of this construction of cap
Figures 9 and 10 represent sections taken at right angles to one another and
Figure 11 represents in front elevation a cope constructed according to our invention
in which the pipe is not made reversible. In this case the cap forms a permanent
part of the tubular part g2 to which the pipe m is affixed the said cap g¹ being
secured to the cope a by wood screws taking into the middle board and the top and
bottom bolsters as before described.
Figure 12 represents in section another cope in which a flat cap g made in ond
piece with the tubular part of the pipe as last described is used, the said cap
being fixed to the cope by driving nails into the middle board and top and botton
bolsters.

page_text: Figure 13 represents in front elevation Figure 14 in plan and Figure 15 in back
elevation, a loose centre and diaphragms combined of a cope constructed according
to our invention and Figure 16 represents in section the combined cope, cap and
the tubular piece for the pipe, to be used with the said loose centre and
diaphragms.
is the loose centre cast in ono picce with the horizontal diaphragms q, r. The
said loose centre p and diaphragms q, together with the ends of the middle board and
top and bottom bolsters represented in Figure 15 are fitted in and fixed to the cope a
Figure 16 in the manner hereinhefore described with respect to the first described
arrangement. Or the cope may be fixed to the middle board and top and bottom
bolsters by nailing the said cope to the said parts as seen in Figure 12.
The loose centre p may be used without the diaphragms g, and in place of
the combined cope, cap and tubular socket or nozzlo Figure 16, a hoop with a
removable cap screwed or nailed to it may be used with the loose centre or combined
loose centre and diaphragms.
This modification may be used either with reversible pipes or screw pipes or with
fixed or non-reversible pipes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and the manner of performing the same we declare that we claim as our
invention of "Improvements in forge bellows and other bellows" :-
First. Forming the cope or head of the said bellows of cast iron or other metal by
the casting process, in which cast cope or head the fore end of the middle board is
fixed as well as the top and bottom bolsters to which the top and bottom boards of
the bellows are hinged as herein before described.
Secondly. Dividing the metallic cope or head of the bellows into three compart-
ments for receiving the fore end of the middle board and the top and bottom bolsters
to which the top and bottom boards of the bellows are hinged, the said divided cope
together with the central hole being cast in one piece, or in two pieces or halves
substantially as herein before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 3^, 6, 7,
8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 of the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly. The combination with the divided cope or head of the bellows of the
cap represented in Figures 1, 2 and 4 for receiving the screw pipe of the bellows;
or the cap represented in Figures 6, 7 and 8 to which the reversible pipe is screw
bolted or the combined cap and tubular socket or nozzle represented in
Figures 9, 10, 11 and 12 to which the fixed or non-reversible pipe of the bellows
is riveted or otherwise secured; also connecting the screw pipe to the cope or head
of the bellows by screwing it into the screwed central tubular opening in the said
cope as herein before described.
Fourthly. Making the divided cope, central hole cap and tubular part for receiving
the screw or reversible pipe of the bellows in one piece as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in Figure 5 of the accompanying Drawings.
Fifthly. The loose tubular centre with or without diaphragms for the copes of
bellows as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 13, 14, and 15 of the
accompanying Drawings, the said loose centre or combined centre and diaphragms
being fitted either into a combined cope and tubular socket or nozzle of the kind
represented in Figure 16 or into a hoop having a removable cup as before
described.
3017
1
1000
WILLIAM ALLDAY, JUNR.
EDMUND ALLDAY.