Improvements in Wheel Guards for Cabs, Carriages, and other Vehicles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Oct., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 30th July, 1897-Accepted, 18th Sept., 1897
Improvements in Wheel Guards for Cabs, Carriages, and other
Vehicles.
I, MARY HARRIET KINNEAR, of Eashing Park, Godalming, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements in connection with guards for protecting
dresses, coats and the like, for use on hansom cabs, gigs, dog carts and other
vehicles, the object of the invention being to produce a guard which can be readily
placed in position for screening the wheels and also readily removed to a position
where it will not become soiled when not in use as a screen.
In carrying my invention into effect when constructing a guard or screen for use
upon a hansom cab, I arrange the guard in the form of a segmental shield which
pivots about each wheel, preferably upon the axle or axle-box or hub of the
wheel, in such a manner that when it is brought down into position for screening
the wheel it covers the exposed part and when it is removed from the screening
position it is carried on the upper portion of the vehicle in a position which will
not interfere with the general purpose of the vehicle and but slightly modify the
arrangement and fittings of the same.
I sometimes make my segmental guard with the screen portion formed of wicker
work, india-rubber, leather or other suitable material, mounted upon a frame
curved or shaped to suit part of the circumference of the wheel, and having two
or more arms running towards the centre of the wheel boss or the axle, and there
terminating in a ring or hoop which encircles the wheel boss or which moves upon
a fixed part of the axle. I make my movable guard to be operated by the driver
so that he can place a guard in either position from his seat or I may make it to
be independent of the drivers' control and to be brought into position when the
cab is to be entered.
When arranging for the manipulation of the guard or screen by the driver, I
fix in one manner a rod or lever on to the hoop or central portion of the guard
frame, and at the end of this lever I make a connection to a guard or bar which
the driver may readily reach so as to cause the guard on each hub of the wheel
or on each side of the vehicle to be brought from the upper to the lower position
or to be replaced from the lower to the upper position.
I sometimes make the guard to be thrown into position when the door is opened,
by a rod or bar worked from the door which throws the segmental frame from one
position to the other.
To keep the guard from, becoming wet or from being soiled when in the upper
position I sometimes arrange a protector, shield or guard upon the vehicle body
or sides in the form of a hood or case, or I may place a cleaner or roller to serve as
a brush or bar under which the screen will pass when it is brought into operation,

page_text: the position of the cleaner or scraper being placed so that it may effectually remove
anything from the surface of the guard when it is being brought from the one
position to the other for the purpose of shielding the wheel.
I employ my guard in connection with gigs, and I sometimes arrange a spring
or a weighted lever to bring the guard from one position to the other, and I may
place a catch in a position so that when the cord or lever is manipulated the
guard will automatically come into position or be thrown out of position as may be
desired.
I may arrange my guard in the form of a collapsible screen with or without a
spring or as a covering mounted upon a roller from which it may be drawn to the
desired protection or shielding position over each of the wheels.
I do not limit the application of my invention to any particular form of guard
or to any particular shape of frame or material which is to cover the frame, and
I vary the shape of the screening surface and the mounting of the guard upon
the vehicle to suit the form of vehicle to which it is to be applied, and the type of
axle and fittings mounted upon the wheel, and I make my frame of metal or other
suitable material, depending upon the vehicle to which the improved mud guard
or screening guard is to be applied.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wheel Guards for Cabs, Carriages, and other
Vehicles.
I MARY HARRIET KINNEAR, of Eashing Park, Godalming, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My Invention relates to improvements in connection with guards for protecting
dresses, coats and the like, for use on hansom cabs, gigs, dog carts and other
vehicles, the object of the invention being to produce a guard which can be readily
placed in position for screening the wheels and also readily removed to a position
where it will not become soiled when not in use as a screen.
In the two accompanying sheets of drawings Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation
showing a hansom cab with my improved guard attached in one convenient manner
and Figure 2 is a sectional plan of the guard when in position for shielding one
wheel.
Figure 3 is a detailed elevation of an alternative arrangement of mounting I
sometimes employ for the guard, and Figure 4 is a plan of the same details.
In carrying my invention into effect when constructing a guard or screen for
use upon a hansom cab, I sometimes arrange the guard in the form of a segmental
shield, A, which pivots about each wheel B, preferably upon or over the axle C or
axle box or hub of the wheel, in such a manner that when it is brought down into
position for screening the wheel as shown in Figures 1, and 2 it covers the exposed
part, and when it is removed from the screening position it is carried on the upper
portion of the vehicle above the wheel in a position which will not interfere with
the general purpose of the vehicle, and but slightly modify the arrangement and
fittings of the same.

page_text: I sometimes make my segmental guard with the screen portion formed of wicker
work, india-rubber, leather or other suitable material, mounted upon a frame
curved or shaped to suit part of the circumference of the wheel, and having one or
more arms such as D D running towards the centre of the wheel boss or the axle,
and there terminating in a ring or hocp D which encircles the wheel boss or which
moves upon a fixed part of the axle. I make my movable guard to be operated
by the driver so that he can place a guard in either position from his seat E, or I
may make it to be independent of the driver's control and to be brought into
position when the cab is to be entered.
When arranging for the manipulation of the guard or serven by the driver, I
fix in one manner a red For lever or levers on to the hoop or central portion D
of the guard frame, and at the end of this lever I make a connection to a cord G
as shown in Figure 1 or bar which the driver may readily reach so as to cause
the guard on each hub of the wheel or on each side of the vehicle to be brought
from the upper to the lower position or to he replaced from the lower to the upper
position, a spring or weight acting on the levers F returning the guard to the first
position.
I sometimes make the guard to be thrown into position when the door is opened,
by a rod or bar worked from the door which throws the segmental frame from one
position to the other.
To keep the guard from becoming wet or from being soiled when in the upper
position I sometimes arrange a protection shield or guard H upon the vehicle body
or sides in the form of a hood or case, or I may place a cleaner or roller to serve
as a brush or bar under which the screen A will pass when it is brought into
operation; the position of the cleaner or scraper being placed so that it may
effectually remove anything from the surface of the guard when it is being brought
from the one position to the other for the purpose of shielding the wheel.
I employ my guard in connection with gigs, and I sometimes arrange a spring
or a weighted lever K as shown in Figures 3 and 4 to bring the guard from one
position to the other, the weighted lever may be on one side of a fixed spindle L
upon which each guard is mounted, and I may place a catch in a position so that
when the cord or lever is manipulated the guard will automatically come into
position or be thrown out of position as may be desired, depending upon the side
the balance weight M is placed.
I may arrange my guard in the form of a collapsible screen with or without a
spring, or as a covering mounted upon a roller from which it may be drawn to the
desired protection or shielding position over each of the wheels.
I do not limit the application of my invention to any particular form of guard
or to any particular shape of frame or material which is to cover the frame, and
I vary the shape of the screening surface and the mounting of the guard upon
the vehicle to suit the form of vehicle to which it is to be applied, and the type of
axle and fittings mounted upon the wheel, and I make my frame of metal or other
suitable material depending upon the vehicle to which the improved mud guard
or screening guard is to be applied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvements in mud-guards or wheel shields for use upon hansom cabs
and other vehicles substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and
as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In a wheel guard for use upon hansom cabs and for like purposes the con-
struction and arrangement of a moving shield pivotally mounted about or near
the wheel axle and capable of being moved by rods or cords manipulated by the
driver from an upper to a lower position for shielding the wheels, substantially as
herein before described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. The combination and arrangement of a movable mud-guard with a hood

page_text: or covering for protecting the same from dirt or mud splashes when not in position
for shielding the wheels, substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
MARKS & CLERK,.
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.